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  <row Id="1" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="56" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:45:51.037" Score="19" ViewCount="30358" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve heard varying things regarding the varying pronunciations of the “s” sound in Spain.  However, no one was willing (or at least, able) to explain these variations to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is the “s” sound pronounced in Spain compared to its usage in, say, Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T20:57:14.050" LastActivityDate="2020-09-05T02:52:10.187" Title="In what ways is the letter “s” (or the /s/ sound) pronounced in Spain?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:50:11.270" Score="16" ViewCount="4031" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good analogy is that the difference is like those in British and American English, but what are those differences exactly? Is Spanish in Latin America a branch from that in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T11:38:48.620" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T08:44:14.233" Title="What are the main differences between Spanish in Spain and Spanish in Latin America?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2018-05-18T08:50:29.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="109" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:52:27.287" Score="41" ViewCount="21429" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard y/ll pronounced in two different ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[j]&lt;/code&gt; (like 'y' in &quot;yellow&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ʒ]&lt;/code&gt; (like 's' in &quot;measure&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do native speakers use both interchangeably? Or is it pronounced &lt;code&gt;[j]&lt;/code&gt; in some regions and &lt;code&gt;[ʒ]&lt;/code&gt; in others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For people learning Spanish, is there one pronunciation that would be preferred over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL&lt;/strong&gt; - ¿Cómo pronunciar las consonantes &quot;y&quot; y &quot;ll&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He oído pronunciar y/ll de dos maneras diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[j]&lt;/code&gt; (como la 'y' en &quot;&lt;em&gt;yellow&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ʒ]&lt;/code&gt; (como la 's' en &quot;&lt;em&gt;measure&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Usan los hablantes nativos indistintamente ambas formas? ¿O se pronuncia &lt;code&gt;[j]&lt;/code&gt; en algunas regiones y &lt;code&gt;[ʒ]&lt;/code&gt; en otras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la gente que está aprendiendo español, ¿hay una pronunciación que se prefiera sobre la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-18T09:49:54.953" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T11:28:30.280" Title="How to pronounce the consonants &quot;y&quot; and &quot;ll&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;yeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:53:36.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/s.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Pronounce the S&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time, the s of Spanish sounds the same as the &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; sound in English words such as &amp;quot;see&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bus,&amp;quot; although perhaps a bit shorter. However, the sound of the Spanish s is also affected by the sound of the letter that follows it. When an s is followed by a voiced consonant — in other words, a b, d, voiced g, m, n, l, r or v — it is pronounced like a soft &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot;-like sound occurs in Spanish only before those consonants. It does not occur at the end of words (such as in plurals) or when followed by a vowel. The s sound changes slightly merely because it is blending into the sound the follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some areas, native speakers frequently omit the s sound when it comes at the end of a syllable, so that &amp;quot;¿Cómo está usted?&amp;quot; ends up sounding something like &amp;quot;¿Cómo etá uted?&amp;quot; You should be aware of this if you're traveling in such areas but shouldn't imitate it elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T09:57:50.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:54:09.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain is pronounced as a long version of the English voiceless dental fricative &quot;th&quot;. It is common in Spanish also a guttural priming of this sound, rendered in the written language as &quot;es&quot; (e.g., escrito). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T20:54:09.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2977" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:56:40.383" Score="38" ViewCount="135280" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído las palabras &lt;code&gt;&quot;tú&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&quot;usted&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, y &lt;code&gt;&quot;vos&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, pero la traducción de todas esas palabras al inglés es la misma: &lt;code&gt;&quot;you&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo es mejor usar &lt;code&gt;&quot;tú&quot;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&quot;vos&quot;&lt;/code&gt; en vez de &lt;code&gt;&quot;usted&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, o viceversa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T12:43:33.037" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T11:05:09.887" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre tú, usted y vos?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:58:01.207" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second pronunciation you mention is almost exclusively used in the Argentina / Uruguay region and Ecuador. Any other country in Latin America uses the first pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastEditorUserId="19388" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T11:28:30.280" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T11:28:30.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:58:23.697" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The analogy is essentially correct, except:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are no spelling differences: only vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; a central body for Spanish (Real Academia Española), which keeps the &quot;official&quot; dictionaries, covering the usage of Spanish in all the world&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to consider is that there are also lots of differences between different latin american countries (Spanish in Mexico vs. Uruguay), and even inside big countries (Buenos Aires vs. Córdoba), much like the differences you'd find between England vs. Australia or Texas vs. New York.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what are some examples of those differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vocabulary&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;peach&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;melocotón&lt;/em&gt; in Spain, &lt;em&gt;durazno&lt;/em&gt; in Latin America&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronunciation&lt;/strong&gt;: In Spain &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced approximately like the &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;thick&lt;/em&gt;. In Latin America, it's pronounced like &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; (which has the same sound as in English)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grammar&lt;/strong&gt;: in particular, the second person has completely different forms. For some details, read the wikipedia article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot;&gt;Voseo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T21:04:37.517" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:04:37.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:59:05.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ll&lt;/strong&gt; is usually pronounced like the &quot;y&quot; in &quot;yellow.&quot; There are some regional variations, however. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In parts of Spain it has the sound of the &quot;ll&quot; in &quot;million,&quot; and in parts of Argentina it has the &quot;zh&quot; sound of &quot;azure.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: llama, calle, Hermosillo. &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/pronouncing_ll.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;See here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T13:51:13.140" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:51:13.140" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T20:59:33.323" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some regions both letters are pronounced in the same way like 's' in &quot;measure&quot;. But the correct use is the first one that you mention in your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastEditorUserId="40" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T13:18:24.660" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T13:18:24.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:00:06.700" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The greatest differences are in the use of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; and in the pronunciation of &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; and the soft &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, the informal 2nd person plural form &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; and all of its verb conjugations are omitted in favor of the formal 2nd person plural &lt;em&gt;Uds&lt;/em&gt; and its verb conjugations (which match conjugations of the 3rd person plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where in Latin America the soft &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; (in &lt;em&gt;vencer&lt;/em&gt;) and the &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; (in &lt;em&gt;concozco&lt;/em&gt;) make a sound equivalent to the 's', in Spain, they sound closer to our English &lt;code&gt;th&lt;/code&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;thin&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="38" LastEditorUserId="38" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T18:39:29.360" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T18:39:29.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:01:05.117" Score="20" ViewCount="8940" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody explain to me when each of this variations of &quot;porque&quot; should be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien explicar cuáles son las diferencias entre &quot;porque&quot;, &quot;porqué&quot;, &quot;por que&quot; y &quot;por qué&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T03:19:06.897" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T03:19:06.897" Title="When is it written with and without accent: porqué/porque/por qué? / ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;porque&quot;, &quot;porqué&quot;, &quot;por que&quot; y &quot;por qué&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:01:55.490" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct pronunciation of the ll sound is as for the Italian &quot;gl&quot; group, similar to the 'ly' sound in the middle of the word million. Pronunciation anyway varies in countries such as Argentina and Colombia to the second sound described in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The y sound is mostly similar to the long -ee sound in English and is not directly related nor interchangeable with the ll sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:01:55.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:02:11.573" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto &quot;tú&quot;, como &quot;vos&quot; como &quot;usted&quot; significan &quot;you&quot; (en inglés). Son la segunda persona del singular. Pero lo importante es tener en cuenta la formalidad y la región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es formal, se debería usar &quot;usted&quot;.&#xA;Si es informal, dependiendo de la region se debería usar &quot;tú&quot; o &quot;vos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-27T11:05:09.887" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T11:05:09.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:05:14.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason why you get the same result when translating to English is simple, they mean &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However let me explain  the differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;Is regularly used to denote respect to the person you are talking to; this could be your elders, someone older than you or simply someone who inspires your respect. For instance let’s say you are talking to a priest and you want to tell him that he is very smart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sacerdote, es usted muy intelilgente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let’s say you are in school and you want to tell your classmate that he is very smart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amigo, tú eres muy inteligente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in regards  to &lt;em&gt;tú/vos&lt;/em&gt; they are basically used on the same context, however &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is mostly used South America, &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; is more common in Spain and in North and Central American countries like Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T20:55:03.650" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T20:55:03.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:05:54.320" Score="25" ViewCount="3727" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should be the correct word in Spanish to translate &quot;table&quot; (as in an arrangement of text or data in rows and columns)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somewhere I've read that &quot;cuadro&quot; should be preferred to &quot;tabla&quot;, but which one would native speakers would actually use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T10:21:44.200" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T17:07:30.947" Title="How should I translate &quot;table&quot; (as in a data table)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:06:36.000" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por qué&lt;/strong&gt; asks the question &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué hiciste eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Porque&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;because&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Porque puedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Porqué&lt;/strong&gt; translates roughly to &lt;em&gt;reason&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero saber el porqué de esta decisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="38" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:06:36.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="80" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:06:38.027" Score="6" ViewCount="14777" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the proper way to respond to the question &lt;em&gt;¿Qué me cuentas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to often be used as a sort of &quot;What's up?&quot; type question, similar to &lt;em&gt;¿Como estas?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;¿Que tal?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, answering with simply &lt;em&gt;Estoy bien&lt;/em&gt; doesn't seem quite appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Various responses I've used or considered before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Answer with another &lt;em&gt;¿Qué me cuentas?&lt;/em&gt; -- similar to how in English &lt;em&gt;What's up?&lt;/em&gt; is often answered with &lt;em&gt;Hey! What's up?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Answer with &lt;em&gt;Estoy bien&lt;/em&gt; or other similar &quot;I'm-fine&quot; half-answer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Answer with &lt;em&gt;Nada&lt;/em&gt; -- similar to the English &lt;em&gt;What's up?&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Nothing&lt;/em&gt; answer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Answer with a story... &lt;em&gt;Hoy fui a la tienda para comprar papel de baño... ¿y tu?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ignore the question, and find something else to talk about. (I probably find myself doing this most often)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What did I leave out?  And what's the most appropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:15:04.647" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T23:40:42.763" Title="Proper response to &quot;¿Qué me cuentas?&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="46" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:07:56.910" Score="40" ViewCount="3414" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often &quot;qué&quot; is translated to English as &quot;what&quot; and &quot;cuál&quot; is translated as &quot;which.&quot; However, I know that this is not always the case. Here are some examples. (Please correct me if I am wrong.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Which book do you prefer?&quot; / &quot;¿Qué libro prefieres?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;What is your favorite color?&quot; / &quot;¿Cuál es tu color favorito?&quot; (&quot;Qué&quot; cannot be used here.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any principles that I could follow to determine when to use &quot;qué&quot; and when to use &quot;cuál&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A menudo &quot;qué&quot; se traduce al inglés como &quot;what&quot; y &quot;cuál&quot; se traduce como &quot;which&quot;. Sin embargo, sé que esto no siempre es el caso. Aquí hay algunos ejemplos. (Por favor, corregidme si estoy equivocado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Which book do you prefer?&quot; / &quot;¿Qué libro prefieres?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;What is your favorite color?&quot; / &quot;¿Cuál es tu color favorito?&quot; (&quot;Qué&quot; no se puede usar aquí.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún principio que pueda seguir para determinar cuándo usar &quot;qué&quot; y cuando usar &quot;cuál&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2020-06-10T15:44:23.120" Title="Question words: &quot;qué&quot; versus &quot;cuál&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:08:39.327" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/em&gt; is used in questions, and it means literally &lt;strong&gt;why?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque&lt;/em&gt; is the answer to a question asked with &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/em&gt; and it means &lt;strong&gt;because&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porqué&lt;/em&gt; is a sustantive, it'd mean &lt;strong&gt;the reason for&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:08:39.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:09:05.620" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's definitely &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tabla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at least when showing data that's the most widely usage in Mexico, examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tabla de información // informative table&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="31" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T21:18:27.457" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:18:27.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="67" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:10:34.877" Score="31" ViewCount="38162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived for a while in Bolivia, and I noticed some people used &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as the second person familiar singular pronoun.  Which countries use &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and are there any that use it nearly exclusively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-05T06:02:53.830" LastActivityDate="2020-06-05T06:02:53.830" Title="'Vos' vs 'tú' usage by country" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23580" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:13:20.933" Score="11" ViewCount="775" Body="&lt;p&gt;We know that following groups of syllables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;se, si, sa, so, su&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce, ci, za, zo, zu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be pronunced in 3 different ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Context&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;distinción&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;seseo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;ceceo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;s&amp;quot; + vowel&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/s/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/s/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/θ/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;c/z&amp;quot; + vowel&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/θ/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/s/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;/θ/&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is: approximately how many people in Spain use each of these pronunciations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't ask for Latin America because I know they use &amp;quot;seseo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="35" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T11:49:26.267" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T13:24:42.053" Title="Distribution of Spanish speakers regarding 's' and 'c' pronunciation" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:14:21.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally North/Central America  and Caribe countries like Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras, Cuba use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tú&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;South America countries like Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Venezuela, Argentina use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;vos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia vos is used mostly in the pacific coast states to talk with friends and relatives, but tuteo is also very common. Voseo predominates in the states of Antioquia, Risaralda, Caldas and Quindío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T09:25:24.353" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T09:25:24.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="41" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:15:20.633" Score="21" ViewCount="3649" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the correct way to translate into Spanish the idiom: &quot;to miss the point&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm often tempted to write &quot;perder el punto&quot;, but it doesn't sound quite right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &quot;To bring headphones to a concert is like missing the point&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:08:52.983" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T14:18:34.607" Title="How to translate the idiom: &quot;missing the point&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:16:05.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no answer to this, because in some counties like Argentina, some people use &quot;vos&quot; and some people use &quot;tu&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:16:05.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:16:33.503" Score="22" ViewCount="8337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see both &quot;aquel&quot; and &quot;aquél&quot; used in similar context and was wondering if there is any difference in meaning of those two words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="48" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T13:18:16.113" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T21:57:37.077" Title="What is the difference between: &quot;aquel&quot; and &quot;aquél&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="32" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="62" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:17:51.077" Score="33" ViewCount="8938" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, tenemos una regla en la cual, generalmente, se puede tener fe: Si una palabra termina con -o, es masculina. Sin embargo, palabras que terminan en -e o -a también pueden ser palabras masculinas, pero una que termina con -o es masculina sin duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe la excepción en la palabra «mano». ¿Por qué es esto? ¿Cómo se originó esta excepción? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T17:54:27.157" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T14:53:59.130" Title="¿Por qué es la palabra «mano» femenina?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="18" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="33" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:17:54.027" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;, the relevant definitions of these words for this matter are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuadro:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunto de nombres, cifras u otros datos presentados gráficamente, de manera que se advierta la relación existente entre ellos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tabla:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuadro o catálogo de números de especie determinada, dispuestos en forma adecuada para facilitar los cálculos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lista o catálogo de cosas puestas por orden sucesivo o relacionadas entre sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is to say, when you have numbers arranged so as to ease their presentation, or ease the calculations you have to do among them, &lt;code&gt;tabla&lt;/code&gt; should be the better choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are working with documents the translation to &lt;code&gt;table&lt;/code&gt; is usually &lt;code&gt;cuadro&lt;/code&gt;, because then its use is more general, not specifically related to numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T07:53:58.700" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="34" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="37" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:18:22.457" Score="24" ViewCount="3932" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even after taking 4 years of college Spanish and living abroad, I still don't have a very firm control of when to use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.  What are the basic rules on when to use either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T21:34:48.490" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T19:06:22.063" Title="Difference between &quot;por&quot; and &quot;para&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="35" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:18:24.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Guadalajara, Mexico, it's often a combination of the two, but tends toward the [j]/yellow pronunciation. Although there are speakers who make a much harder sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it often depends on the word. The name of the town Saltillo is often pronounced (at least here--don't know how they actually pronounce it &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; Saltillo) with a harder sound than the words &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;amarillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:18:24.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="36" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:19:48.063" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no rule, and it is one of the most beautiful differences in the Spash language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spain: Tu/Usted (Formal) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mexico: Usted/Tu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Central America: Usted/Tu &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;South of South America: Vos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="52" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:19:48.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="37" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:20:30.270" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/grammar/a/porpara.htm&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (with minor corrections by me):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uses for por&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expressing movement along, through, around, by or about: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anduve por las calles de la ciudad.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;I walked through the streets of the city. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denoting a time or duration when something occurs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viajamos por tres semanas.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;We're traveling for three weeks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expressing the cause (not the purpose) of an action: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me caí por la nieve.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;I fell down because of the snow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Meaning per: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dos por ciento.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Two percent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Meaning supporting or in favor of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trabajamos por los derechos humanos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;We work for human rights.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Introducing the agent of an action after a passive verb: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue escrito por Bob Woodward.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;It was written by Bob Woodward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Indicating means of transportation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viajaré por avión.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;I will travel by plane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Used in numerous expressions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por ejemplo.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;For example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por favor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uses for para&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Meaning for the purpose of or in order to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para bailar la bamba, se necesita una poca de gracia.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;In order to dance the bamba you need a little grace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With a noun or pronoun as object, meaning for the benefit of or directed to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es para usted.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;It's for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Meaning to or in the direction of when referring to a specific place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy para Europa.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;I'm heading to Europe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T23:13:20.047" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:13:20.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="38" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2846" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:21:58.747" Score="28" ViewCount="38091" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the rules for when to use &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt;?  (Or &lt;em&gt;ya no&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todavía no&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many contexts, &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;yet&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;already&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt;, but this simple understanding has gotten me confused many times.  And asking multiple Spanish teachers has usually gotten a blank stare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-30T00:25:09.307" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T18:36:55.253" Title="When to use &quot;ya&quot; and &quot;todavía&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="39" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="43" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:22:32.537" Score="3" ViewCount="4216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the Cole Porter song title, &quot;Begin the Beguine&quot; translated into Spanish as &quot;Volver a Empezar&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lyrics.wikia.com/Julio_Iglesias:Volver_A_Empezar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lyrics.wikia.com/Julio_Iglesias:Volver_A_Empezar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Beguine,&quot; in English is a dance. &quot;Volver a Empezar&quot; means something like &quot;Lets's Go Back to the Beginning,&quot; not &quot;Let's Begin the Dance.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the purpose of translating &quot;Begin the Beguine&quot; as Volver a Empezar? Perhaps it has something to do with the Spanish lyrics, which begin &quot;Quiero sentir, las cosas de siempre&quot;? (I don't know the rest of it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T14:53:35.137" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T17:43:02.650" Title="What is a proper translation of the Cole Porter song title &quot;Begin the Beguine&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="40" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:22:59.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also respond as we do in English with, &quot;Not much, you?&quot; In my experience, this would be something to the effect of, &quot;No mucho, ¿y tú, hombre?&quot; I like this better because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it doesn't seem as final/negative as &lt;em&gt;Nada&lt;/em&gt;, in my opinion, allowing for a more open response; and,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it feels more natural-sounding in the rhythm of a conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignoring the question entirely is also appropriate, as it would be understood as a greeting as much as a question, just as it is in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T18:59:33.000" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T18:59:33.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="41" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:24:02.817" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker I really like the English expression &lt;em&gt;to miss the point&lt;/em&gt; but unfortunately there's no direct translation. In the context of an argument, you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eso no viene a cuento / al caso / al tema&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estás desviando la conversación / no cambies el tema&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estás desvariando (warning: sounds harsh)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso qué tiene que ver? (harsh, too)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context of the given example (&quot;To bring headphones to a concert is like missing the point&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eso no tiene mucho sentido&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eso es más bien paradójico&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Es que, para qué vas a ir a un concierto si vas a llevar auriculares? (This rhetorical question is actually the most used idiom - as I said there's no translation for this one.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T19:51:05.763" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T19:51:05.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="42" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:24:58.990" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera distinción que haría es con &quot;vós&quot;: es muy común en el español latinoamericano, pero no se usa en el peninsular (el de España). Por lo tanto, en España es mejor evitarlo completamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;tú&quot; y &quot;usted&quot; es más complicado. Hablaré por el uso en España, que es el que conozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En teoría se usa &quot;usted&quot; con todas las personas adultas, pero en la práctica lo normal es usarlo sólo con la gente desconocida de cierta edad o en situaciones formales. Por ejemplo: con ancianos, con jefes, con sacerdotes (están muy acostumbrados a ser tratados con un cierto respeto, heredado de tiempos pasados en los que tenían más poder del que tienen ahora ;-)), con vendedores y dependientes, en reuniones de trabajo (e incluso ahí está pasando de moda y se prefiere &quot;tú&quot;), etc. Donde NO se usaría: con tu abuela, con el dependiente de tu tienda de ropa habitual, con cualquier persona que te presenten durante una fiesta o una reunión de amigos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar &quot;tú&quot; con cualquiera menor de treinta años sin problemas, e incluso con gente de más de treinta y de cuarenta (o más aún) si es una situación informal. Muchas veces se considera que el uso de &quot;usted&quot; implica que no queremos acercarnos demasiado (emocionalmente) al interlocutor, y puede ser considerado un trato seco y frío, bordeando la mala educación. También puede ser considerada mala educación usar &quot;tú&quot; con la gente equivocada, por un exceso de confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de mal uso: un señor con dinero que trata a un hombre de su edad pero menos afortunado (un camarero, un chófer, etc.) de &quot;tú&quot; le está haciendo un desprecio porque está insinuando que es menos importante que él, o que es de clase baja, como un criado; un profesor que trata a un alumno de &quot;usted&quot; está marcando las distancias, cerrando la posibilidad de que haya un trato amistoso entre ambos, quizás porque lo considera indigno o despreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante la duda, lo mejor es usar &quot;usted&quot; sólo con gente mayor (de más de cincuenta años, por ejemplo). Siempre habrá gente de más edad que prefiere el trato de &quot;tú&quot;, y lo dirá así (&quot;tuteame, por favor&quot;), y siempre habrá gente de menos edad que prefiere el trato de &quot;usted&quot;; pero en caso de error, &quot;tú&quot; está mejor considerado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en ciertas partes de España usan &quot;ustedes&quot; como si fuera &quot;vosotros&quot;. Por ejemplo: &quot;¿a dónde vais ustedes?&quot; No es 100% correcto gramaticalmente, pero está tan establecido que se considera normal. Lo he oído sobre todo en el sur, en Andalucía, pero creo que en otras regiones (Canarias, por ejemplo) también se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si con esto he conseguido aclararte la duda o te he confundido más :-) Pregunta si no ha quedado claro algo, por favor. Nunca consigo explicarme demasiado bien O:-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:24:58.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="43" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="39" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:25:39.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the translation to &quot;Volver a Empezar&quot; was made to mantain the sense of the original title: &quot;Begin the Beguine&quot; here, if you pronounce the title you have something like &quot;begin the begin&quot; like &quot;comenzar el comienzo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:25:39.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="44" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="55" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:25:54.713" Score="83" ViewCount="22920" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any rule that says that feminine nouns that start with &amp;quot;A&amp;quot; are converted to masculine or is it just done for phonetic (ie beauty) reasons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this happen in all Spanish speaking countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna regla que diga que los sustantivos femeninos que empiecen con &amp;quot;A&amp;quot; son convertidos a masculino, o solo se hace por motivos fonéticos o por belleza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="52" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-10-01T16:36:02.807" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T17:00:47.380" Title="Why is &quot;agua&quot; masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? &quot;El agua&quot; / &quot;Las aguas&quot; ¿Por qué decimos &quot;el agua&quot; si es una palabra femenina?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="25" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="45" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:26:08.660" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquel&lt;/strong&gt; is an adjective whereas &lt;strong&gt;Aquél&lt;/strong&gt; is a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquel edificio es grande. -&lt;em&gt;That building is large.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquél es grande. -&lt;em&gt;That one is large.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="38" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:26:08.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="46" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:26:44.013" Score="23" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is not very clear and borders on the idiomatic, but I'd say that &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; implies that there is a known set of options from which to choose, while &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; is more general.  So &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál libro prefieres?&lt;/em&gt; implies that there are a couple of books in front of you and you need to choose from those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia no está muy clara y ronda en lo idiomático, pero diría que &quot;cuál&quot; implica que hay un conjunto conocido de opciones de entre los que elegir, mientras que &quot;qué&quot; es más general. Entonces, &quot;¿cuál libro prefieres?&quot; implica que hay un par de libros delane de ti y necesitas escoger entre ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-14T08:16:48.300" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T08:16:48.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="47" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:26:48.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;todavía  means is currently happening and is been happening before, example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todavia soy bueno para jugar soccer // I'm still good at playing soccer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya is generally used when something changed from a different condition, example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya soy bueno para jugar soccer // Now, I'm good at playing soccer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify: on the first one the context suggests that you always been good at playing soccer and you still are, on the second one it  suggests that previously you were not good and now you are. I hope it was clear enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:26:48.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="48" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:27:40.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; is definite, while &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; means that for now it's one way but it may (or may not) change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use your example, &lt;em&gt;ya no&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;this is not true anymore and it will never be true again&quot;, while &lt;em&gt;todavía no&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;this is not true yet, but it may be true later&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Rafael pointed out, it depends on the context (I used &quot;Ya no&quot; and &quot;Todavía no&quot; disconnected from any phrase), but it's still definite.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To use his example, &lt;em&gt;Ya no tengo sueño&lt;/em&gt; means that I'm not sleepy anymore, I will be sleepy again at night, but for this &quot;sleeping period&quot; I finished.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If I were to say &lt;em&gt;Todavía tengo sueño&lt;/em&gt; I would be implying that I haven't finished sleeping yet and need to sleep more, it implies continuity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="10" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T21:39:54.053" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:39:54.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="49" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:27:48.593" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is extremely important, when talking about word usage in Spanish, to avoid the general thought that every country has an homogeneous way to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, here in Chile we use &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; as the normal way, but, in some cases you want to sound a bit rude, and then use &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt;, pronounced like &lt;code&gt;voh&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y vos, qué te crees que eres? (And who do you think you are?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least, this is the use in central Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've visited central Argentina several times, and there they have a very widespread use of &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt;, along with their own way to conjugate the verbs in the second person singular (what lies beyond the scope of this question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:27:48.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="51" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:29:00.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about &lt;code&gt;Te vas por las ramas&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="52" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:27:15.250" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:27:15.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="53" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:31:04.313" Score="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua&lt;/em&gt; is always feminine, even in singular form.  However, to avoid the double 'a' sound in &lt;em&gt;la agua&lt;/em&gt;, we use the article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; in singular form.  In all other respects, &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; is still feminine when singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, when adding an adjective, you use the feminine form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the red water =&gt; &lt;em&gt;el agua roja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is true for other feminine nouns that begin with a stressed 'a'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-20T09:18:43.313" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T09:18:43.313" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="55" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:32:38.070" Score="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;The noun &amp;quot;agua&amp;quot; is feminine (as you can see in the plural form &amp;quot;las aguas&amp;quot;), but &lt;strong&gt;starts with a stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. In this case, the preceding article must change for phonetic reasons: la -&amp;gt; el and una -&amp;gt; un.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens with nouns which start with a stressed &amp;quot;ha&amp;quot; (ex: &amp;quot;el hacha&amp;quot;), but not with nouns which start with other vowels (ex: &amp;quot;la isla&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la épica&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la obra&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la uña&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stress on the starting syllable is fundamental. In the feminine noun &amp;quot;la almohada&amp;quot;, the stress is on the second &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;, not on the starting one, so the article remains &amp;quot;la&amp;quot;. Same for &amp;quot;la harina&amp;quot;, whose stress is on the second syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/espanol-al-dia/el-agua-esta-agua-mucha-agua-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua, esta agua, mucha agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, by RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="35" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-02-24T16:26:17.003" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T16:26:17.003" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="56" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:34:26.457" Score="13" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Dialects&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three different terms used to describe this dialectal difference:  ceceo, seseo, and distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dialects that are said to have the ceceo use &amp;quot;th&amp;quot; instead of an &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; sound.  Dialects with the seseo use the &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; sound.  The distinción actually uses both, distinguishing between one and the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the words &amp;quot;casa&amp;quot; (house) and &amp;quot;caza&amp;quot; (hunt) may or may not be pronounced the same.  When the seseo is used, both are pronounced with an &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; sound.  With the ceceo dialect, however, both are pronounced with the &amp;quot;th&amp;quot; sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The distinción is a little different in that this dialect distinguishes between the &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; or soft &amp;quot;c&amp;quot;.  Dialects that use the distinción, always pronounce the s as an &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; sound.  However, they pronounce the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; or soft &amp;quot;c&amp;quot; as a &amp;quot;th&amp;quot; sound (such as caza or ciento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Castillian Spanish&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per the question, Spain has a few dialects.  Castillian Spanish uses the distinción, such that &amp;quot;siento ciento&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;I feel 100&lt;/em&gt;) would be &amp;quot;s&amp;quot;iento &amp;quot;th&amp;quot;iento.  However, throughout Spain, the dialects differ and some use the ceceo (using &amp;quot;th&amp;quot; all the time) and other regions use the seseo (using the &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; all the time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceceo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia on ceceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:34:26.457" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="57" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:34:45.913" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;ya&quot; means &quot;now&quot;... &quot;todavía&quot; means &quot;still&quot;. In the negative way, &quot;ya no&quot; is &quot;not now&quot; or &quot;not .. anymore&quot; and &quot;todavia no&quot; is &quot;not .. yet&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ya puedo viajar&quot; =&gt; &quot;now I can travel&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ya no tengo dinero&quot; =&gt; &quot;I don't have money anymore&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;todavía puedo viajar&quot; =&gt; &quot;i can still travel&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;todavía no tengo dinero&quot; =&gt; &quot;I don't have any money yet&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking about this, and I came up with a &quot;general rule&quot; to decide when to use &quot;ya&quot; and when to use &quot;todavía&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ya&quot; (as an adverb) is used when the action wasn't happening but now it does&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ya tengo sueño&quot; means that you were not sleepy before, but now you are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;todavía&quot; is used when the action is still in progress&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;todavía tengo sueño&quot; implies that you were sleepy and you're still sleepy now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In the negative:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ya no&quot; is used when an action was happening on the past an now it's not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ya no tengo un automovil&quot; means that once you had a car but now you don't&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;todavia no&quot; is used to express that the action wasn't happening and it's still not happening now. It also implies that you're planning/waiting to do the action in the future&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;todavia no tengo un automóvil&quot; means that you didn't have a car and you still don't have one and implies that you're planning to get one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ya&quot; (as adverb) is used to express a complete change on the action &quot;ya soy&quot;, &quot;ya tengo&quot;, &quot;ya no puedo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;todavia&quot; is used to express a continuity of the action &quot;todavía soy&quot;, &quot;todavia hay&quot;, &quot;todavia no sé&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this was clear =P (sorry if I missed some accents)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edited&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ya&quot; is more than an adverb..a few other usages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could mean &quot;ok&quot; or &quot;yes&quot; when answering a question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quieres salir esta noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could mean &quot;yet&quot; when it's in a question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ya saliste?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could also mean &quot;go!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;listos....YA!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, check its &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=ya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition&lt;/a&gt; in a dictionary ... ya? =P &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="58" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-04-07T14:52:03.657" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T14:52:03.657" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="58" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:38:59.310" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd use &quot;no tiene sentido&quot; in your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevar audífonos a un concierto no tiene sentido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the translation is more close to &quot;doesn't make any sense&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="58" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:34:24.050" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:34:24.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="59" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:39:07.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of differences, and that's ignoring the variations inside Latin America. However, there are no spelling distinctions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important differences lie the pronunciation of &lt;b&gt;s&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; (before &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;) and &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;. In Spain, &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; are pronounced /&amp;theta;/ (like English &lt;strong&gt;th&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt;), while &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; is an alveolar /s/ (like English &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;, but slightly closer to &lt;strong&gt;sh&lt;/strong&gt; /&amp;#643;/). In Latin American, all three are pronounced /s/, and it's a slightly more dental &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; (just a bit closer to English &lt;strong&gt;th&lt;/strong&gt;). This is called &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt;, and it's also common in some parts of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A native Spaniard can correct me on this, but I believe &lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; (before a vowel) can be pronounced /&amp;#654;/ and /j/ respectively (the first is a palatal version of &lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;, the second sounds sort of like and English &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;), while in Latin America they are pronounced the same and can range from /&amp;#669;/ (palatal fricative) to /j/ (again, like English &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;) to /&amp;#643;/ in places like Argentina and Uruguay. This pronunciation is called &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, someone while lives in Spain can tell me if this is right: the verb and pronoun forms for the second person plural are also different. While in Spanish the conjugations are &lt;em&gt;vosotros amáis, vosotros teméis, vosotros partís&lt;/em&gt;, in Latin America it's &lt;em&gt;ustedes aman, ustedes temen, ustedes parten&lt;/em&gt;, like the third person plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from those, there are very many vocabulary and idiomatic distinctions, too many to list here. Wikipedia has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_espa%C3%B1ol#Variedades_dialectales_del_espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;list of Spanish dialects&lt;/a&gt;. Also, remember that there are a lot of variations, both inside Spain and in America. On of the most notable, for example, is &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;: the replacement, in Argentina and Uruguay, of the seoncd person singular pronoun &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; and its verbal forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:39:07.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="60" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="201" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:44:38.723" Score="5" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.migato.com/conocele/el-gato-en-la-cultura/a-un-gato-de-borges/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a poem&lt;/a&gt; by Borges that I tried to translate into English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A Un Gato&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No son más silenciosos los espejos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni más furtiva el alba aventurera;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  eres, bajo la luna, esa pantera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que nos es dado divisar de lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por obra indescifrable de un decreto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  divino, te buscamos vanamente;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  más remoto que el Ganges y el poniente,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tuya es la soledad, tuyo el secreto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tu lomo condesciende a la morosa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  caricia de mi mano. Has admitido,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  desde esa eternidad que ya es olvido,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el amor de la mano recelosa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En otro tiempo estás. Eres el dueño&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de un ámbito cerrado como un sueño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;mdash;Jorge Luis Borges&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not thoroughly satisfied with my attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Of A Cat&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;None are more silent mirrors&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nor more furtive venturing dawn;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  under the moon, you are that panther&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  which we are given to spy from afar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  By indecipherable work of decree&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  divine, we search for you in vain;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  more remote than the Ganges and the west wind,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yours is the solitude, yours the secret.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Your back condescends to the lingering&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  caress of my hand. You have admitted,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  from that eternity that already is forgotten,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the love of the distrustful hand.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  You exist in another time. You are the landlord&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  of a closed circle like a dream.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular, the last two lines are difficult for me to understand in Spanish, let alone render in English.  How should I understand &quot;un ámbito cerrado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a few other English renderings online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tomclarkblog.blogspot.com/2011/03/jorge-luis-borges-un-gato-to-cat.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;You preside over a world as closed-off to us as a dream.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://intrepiddreamer.wordpress.com/2009/07/05/a-un-gato-to-a-cat/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;You are the lord of a private land, like a dream.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; suggests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are the master in a closed environment like a dream.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:23:44.163" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:23:44.163" Title="How can I translate &quot;un ámbito cerrado&quot; into English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-07-02T08:48:54.500" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="61" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="66" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:45:05.360" Score="25" ViewCount="20423" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas oraciones no sé si es más correcto usar &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;de que&lt;/code&gt;. ¿Cuáles son las reglas para utilizar &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;de que&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro que me fue bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que me fue bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some sentences I don't know when it is more correct to use &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;de que&lt;/code&gt;. What are the rules for using &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;de que&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro que me fue bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que me fue bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-28T14:02:27.373" Title="When to use &quot;que&quot; and &quot;de que&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;queísmo-dequeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="62" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="32" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:45:06.530" Score="15" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Gender&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the rule is &lt;em&gt;in general&lt;/em&gt; that all -o words are masculine, there are exceptions. This one is one of these exceptions to that rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Origin&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One theory (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/154655/why-is-la-mano-not-el-mano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;proposed here&lt;/a&gt;) is that this word derived from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;manus&lt;/em&gt; which was a fourth-declension feminine noun.  For comparison, first declension nouns were all feminine and second declension were all masculine or neuter.  This particular word, though, was a fourth-declension noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fourth declension nouns were a bit different since they are predominantly masculine with some feminine exceptions.  &amp;quot;Manus&amp;quot; was one of those exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Summary&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More than likely, the word la mano derived from the Latin word manus, which was feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:45:06.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="63" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="500" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:46:17.603" Score="16" ViewCount="26081" Body="&lt;p&gt;A literal translation always falls flat, and confuses people (I've learned this the hard way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can't wait [to see the movie] =&gt; &lt;em&gt;No puedo esperar [a ver la película]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This always leaves the listener with the impression that due to circumstances, I will be unable to see the movie unless I see it immediately.  That's clearly not what I meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I convey the same meaning of eager anticipation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T21:17:14.750" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T00:26:03.000" Title="How to translate &quot;I can't wait...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="64" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="72" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:48:06.393" Score="11" ViewCount="2206" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible usar &lt;strong&gt;nosotras&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;vosotras&lt;/strong&gt;? Nunca las he oido, pero pienso que tal vez son como &lt;em&gt;ellas&lt;/em&gt;, pero para la primera y segunda personas del plural, respectivamente. ¿Han oido ustedes estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-27T10:11:23.573" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T10:11:23.573" Title="¿Existen las palabras «nosotras» y «vosotras»?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="65" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:49:18.793" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;code&gt;estoy ansioso&lt;/code&gt; would be a better translation. But &lt;code&gt;no puedo esperar&lt;/code&gt; is used very often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:11:00.003" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:11:00.003" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="66" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="61" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:49:28.650" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a simple rule I learned in high school (oh so many years ago) and stuck with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to replace &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; and everything after it with &lt;code&gt;eso&lt;/code&gt; (which means &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;), then you will easily see which one is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro eso (I'm sure it), is wrong.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de eso (I'm sure of it), is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helped me from the moment I learned it, up until now that I've written this answer :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:05.863" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:05.863" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="67" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:50:20.013" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot;&gt;Wikipedia's article on voseo&lt;/a&gt;, the geographical distribution can be split into three categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Countries where voseo is predominant:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Countries where both forms are used:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Countries where &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is practically out of use:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spain, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Peru, Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is difficult to generalize based on country, and there are often differences from one region to the next. See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:50:20.013" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="68" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="64" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:51:22.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they exist, and they are used exactly like &lt;em&gt;ellas&lt;/em&gt;: when speaking about an entirely female group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:51:22.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="69" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="64" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:51:51.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si, ambas existen y son usadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vosotras&lt;/strong&gt; es usada en España; en otras regiones se usa &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt; tanto para mujeres como para hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;strong&gt;nosotras&lt;/strong&gt; hay un tema particular: normalmente al haber un grupo de mujeres, y hablar ellas mismas del grupo, usan &lt;strong&gt;nosotras&lt;/strong&gt;, pero si hay al menos 1 hombre en el grupo ya se usa &lt;strong&gt;nosotros&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-27T10:11:04.047" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T10:11:04.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="70" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="64" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:52:43.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, de hecho en &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=nosotras,vosotras&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2005&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la comparación en Google NgramViewer&lt;/a&gt; se puede ver que ambas se han usado, pero &lt;code&gt;vosotras&lt;/code&gt; va hacia la baja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agrego la imagen de la comparación acá mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YZxc0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Comparación nosotras/vosotras en Google nGram Viewer&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T10:11:50.240" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T10:11:50.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="71" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="64" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:52:47.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nosotras es la forma femenina de Nosotros (both mean &quot;We&quot; in English), por lo que un grupo de mujeres se referirían a ellas mismas como Nosotras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo aplica a Vosotras (usado generalmente solo en España) pero significa &quot;(plural) you&quot; (instead of &quot;We&quot;) refiriendose a un grupo de mujeres por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T21:52:47.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="72" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="64" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:53:01.560" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, se pueden usar. Yo soy una mujer, y cuando estoy con mis &lt;em&gt;amigas&lt;/em&gt;, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotras vamos al cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede referir a nuestro grupo en la misma forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguien me ha dicho que vosotras vais al cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="259" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T06:05:16.353" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T06:05:16.353" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="73" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:53:38.137" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As simple as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya quiero ver la película!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for some slang you could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me estoy quemando por ver la película.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No aguanto por ver la película.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-24T20:24:26.167" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T20:24:26.167" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="74" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="78" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:55:52.547" Score="19" ViewCount="2277" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the history of the words &lt;em&gt;contigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're treated like contractions for &lt;em&gt;con ti&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;con mi&lt;/em&gt;, respectively, but they actually make the word &lt;em&gt;longer&lt;/em&gt; rather than shorter, as contractions ought to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It occurs to me that there are a whole host of other words in Spanish that have similar spellings and functions (&lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enemigo&lt;/em&gt;, etc) , how do they fit into this puzzle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; shortened versions of previously used pronouns &lt;em&gt;tigo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;migo&lt;/em&gt;, or something?  This would make the meaning of &lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt; clear: &lt;em&gt;a-&lt;/em&gt; (not) &lt;em&gt;migo&lt;/em&gt; (me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T21:09:14.500" Title="Origin of contigo and similar &quot;contractions&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="75" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-15T21:59:12.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's always &quot;estoy deseoso de [ver la película]&quot;.  But that's not much better than &quot;estoy ansioso&quot; (anxious) or &quot;estoy impaciente&quot; (impatient).  There's also &quot;estoy entusiasmado&quot; (enthusiastic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure which would be best...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-24T20:28:06.737" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T20:28:06.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="76" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:01:49.457" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand, &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; is used commonly for definition, where &lt;code&gt;cual&lt;/code&gt; refers to selecting or identifying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es el mate?&#xA;  Es una infusion que se bebe en Uruguay, en Paraguay y en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la moneda de México? El peso mexicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es una galaxia? Un immenso conjunto de estrellas, gas, y polvo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la galaxia más cercana a la Vía Lactea? Andrómeda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things are not always so clear cut though it seems. My spanish notes refer to a mode of use 'Que + Noun' when referring to objects or things, with using Cual to omit the noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué biquini compro para Pedro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé. ¿Cuál es el más barato?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T01:10:36.757" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T01:10:36.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="77" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:05:24.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with &quot;Estoy esperando a [ver la película].&quot;  But that might not convey the proper level of eagerness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:05:24.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="78" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="74" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:05:49.890" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a good answer &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2007/origen-de-conmigo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish. Basically, in Latin it was said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mecum&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;cum&lt;/em&gt; (mí + con)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;cum&lt;/em&gt; was being lost, evolving into a &lt;em&gt;go&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;migo&lt;/em&gt;). To reinforce the lost &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;, it was added at the beginning: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;migo&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:14:52.227" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:14:52.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="79" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="60" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:13:26.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally, &lt;em&gt;ámbito&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as &lt;em&gt;context&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cat owns its own world, inaccessible like a dream. Those English renderings seem quite correct to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:13:26.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="80" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:16:41.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, at least in Madrid, Spain, is commonly used as &quot;¿Qué te cuentas?&quot; with &quot;te&quot;, not &quot;me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A nice answer would start with something like &quot;Nada&quot;, a bit rude IMHO, or something softer like &quot;Poca cosa&quot;, followed by a &quot;¿y tú?&quot; or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:16:41.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="81" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:24:28.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Seseo&lt;/strong&gt; - used entirely in the Canary Islands and rarely in Andalusia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ceceo&lt;/strong&gt; - can be often found in western and southern Andalusia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can safely say that in the rest of the Spain speakers have &lt;strong&gt;distinción&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;s&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/θ/&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;z&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; soft &lt;em&gt;&quot;c&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T07:43:40.460" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T07:43:40.460" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="82" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="103" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:28:47.707" Score="5" ViewCount="8327" Body="&lt;p&gt;In conversations about the hardest words or phrases to translate well from Spanish to English, the word &quot;accountability&quot; has repeatedly come up. I have seen the phrase &quot;financial accountability&quot; translated &quot;rendición de cuentas.&quot; But what about the word in contexts like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Keep me accountable with the commitments I've made.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Accountability is important when overcoming addiction.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there isn't a good short word or pair of words that translates &quot;accountability&quot; well, what longer phrase would be an appropriate translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T13:36:46.680" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T07:38:36.433" Title="Best translation of &quot;accountability&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="83" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="97" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:29:20.827" Score="11" ViewCount="259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following sentence in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do your children like to read?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿ A vuestros hijos les gusta leer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me it is unclear, why I have to use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; vuestros&quot; in this case. Which grammatical rule is active here and are there other cases this rule applies as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="53" LastEditorUserId="7114" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T06:44:10.397" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T06:44:10.397" Title="Unclear why to use &quot;A vuestros hijos&quot; instead of &quot;vuestros hijos&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="84" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="205" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:30:18.397" Score="90" ViewCount="11470" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I notice that native Spanish speakers often leave off accents in writing.  Outside the context of edited material, it almost seems like accent pedantry is the sign of someone who has learned Spanish as a second language or has their spell-checker properly configured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do native Spanish speakers appreciate properly-placed accents in writing or does it not matter much? (Which is to say, should I spend my time looking up accents or am I wasting my time?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me doy cuenta de que los hablantes nativos de español a menudo se dejan los acentos al escribir. Fuera del contexto de material editado, casi parece que la pedantería para poner acentos es el signo de uno que ha aprendido español como segundo idioma o tiene su corrector ortográfico configurado correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Aprecian los hablantes nativos de español los acentos correctamente colocados al escribir o no importa mucho? (Quiero decir, ¿debería emplear tiempo buscando acentos o estoy perdiendo el tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T15:50:15.267" Title="How important are accents in written Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="85" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:31:03.233" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no idea how widespread the usage is, but you can say &lt;code&gt;No veo la hora en que...&lt;/code&gt;. It uses the subjunctive. For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No veo la hora en que nos &lt;em&gt;casemos&lt;/em&gt;. -- &quot;I can't wait for us to get married.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T17:43:21.487" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T17:43:21.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="86" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:33:09.523" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Until 2010, the official rule was to use accent (&lt;em&gt;tilde diacrítica&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish) to differentiate the pronoun from the adjective, as @snumpy has already said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The (IMHO) sad news is that since 2010 the rules have been changed by RAE, and now it is recommended to avoid the use of the accent in this case, even when there is an obvious case of ambiguity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#novOrto5&quot;&gt;Eliminación de la tilde diacrítica en el adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos incluso en casos de posible ambigüedad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Some examples:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sólo / Solo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estaré &lt;strong&gt;sólo&lt;/strong&gt; dos meses&lt;/em&gt; (I'll stay &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; two months).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Estaré &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; dos meses&lt;/em&gt; (I'll be &lt;strong&gt;alone&lt;/strong&gt; during two months).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Éste / Este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Éste&lt;/strong&gt; sólo gustó a los más exigentes&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;This one&lt;/strong&gt; was only liked by the most demanding).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Este&lt;/strong&gt; solo gustó a los más exigentes&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;This&lt;/strong&gt; solo [Music] was liked by the most. demanding) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the first line, may be written with comma to avoid ambiguity: &lt;em&gt;Éste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;,&lt;em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sólo gustó a los más exigentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aquéllos / Aquellos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué compraron &lt;strong&gt;aquéllos&lt;/strong&gt; libros usados?&lt;/em&gt;  (Why did &lt;strong&gt;they&lt;/strong&gt; buy used books?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué compraron &lt;strong&gt;aquellos&lt;/strong&gt; libros usados?&lt;/em&gt;  (Why did they buy &lt;strong&gt;those&lt;/strong&gt; used books?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the first line, the subject may be enclosed with commas due to the &quot;&lt;em&gt;hipérbaton&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué compraron, &lt;strong&gt;aquéllos&lt;/strong&gt;, libros usados?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T21:57:37.077" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T21:57:37.077" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="87" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:35:19.923" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. A lot of people appreciate it. Sometimes, if writing a quick message or SMS they are left off. There is not accent pedantry, most times they are useful and help the reader to go through your text faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:35:19.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="88" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:35:21.453" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; indicates direction or intention&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; indicates origin or cause&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Spanish teacher explained the difference with an &quot;intention arrow&quot;.  In the case of 'para', the intention moves from the subject to the direct object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Las flores son para ti.     flores -&amp;gt; ti&#xA;Yo trabajo para ti.         yo -&amp;gt; ti          [I work for/to please you] or [you are my boss]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of 'por', the intention moves from the direct object to the subject.  This requires a little more imagination and liberal interpretation of &quot;intention.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo trabajo por ti.          yo &amp;lt;- ti          [I work in your place] or [I work because of you]&#xA;Yo voy por camión.          yo &amp;lt;- camión&#xA;Yo ando por la ciudad.      yo &amp;lt;- ciudad&#xA;Tú me llamas por teléfono.  tú &amp;lt;- me&#xA;Él pasa por mí.             él &amp;lt;- yo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T18:21:40.800" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T18:21:40.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="89" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:35:58.037" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You definitely should. An accent can really make a difference when trying to understand a text. We, native speakers, can usually fully understand something without any accent, but it's much easier to read with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, to write spanish as the RAE says, you have to use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="69" LastEditorUserId="69" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T14:26:56.680" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T14:26:56.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="90" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:38:08.880" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it precedes a noun, the rule is simple: use &quot;qué&quot;. &quot;Cuál&quot; is traditionally considered incorrect (though apparently common nonetheless) in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, it's probably being followed by a form of &quot;ser&quot;. In this case, you want &quot;cuál&quot; unless you are seeking a definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué es el color?&quot; — &quot;What is color?&quot; (i.e., what sort of thing is&#xA;  color?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cuál es el color?&quot; — &quot;What color is it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué es un número de teléfono?&quot; — What's a phone number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?&quot; — What's your phone number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T08:47:45.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T08:47:45.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="91" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:38:57.787" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should absolutely use them - it's not a matter of pedantry. Otherwise you'll be forcing people to correct intonation in their minds - making any lengthy enough text a headache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:38:57.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="92" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="785" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:39:18.653" Score="17" ViewCount="44192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico, the slang phrase &lt;em&gt;qué padre&lt;/em&gt; (or variations such as &lt;em&gt;muy padre&lt;/em&gt;, etc) are quite common, with the meaning &quot;how cool&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this just Mexican slang, or do other regions use the same phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T01:49:36.287" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T01:49:36.287" Title="How prevalent is the phrase &quot;qué padre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="93" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:39:51.990" Score="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the accents are very important to ease the readability of your text. Since Spanish is an inflectional language, we make from a single root many words (e.g. verbal conjugation) whose only difference is the syllable having the stress:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ca&lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt;no → (the road)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Él cami&lt;strong&gt;nó&lt;/strong&gt; → (he walked)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Yo ca&lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt;no → (I walk)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, another example being we have the &lt;strong&gt;diacritic accent&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;éste&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda la culpa la tiene &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;és&lt;/strong&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Toda la culpa la tiene &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; hombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="27662" LastEditDate="2020-10-19T12:48:41.293" LastActivityDate="2020-10-19T12:48:41.293" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="94" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="822" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:40:17.573" Score="4" ViewCount="2353" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the rule for conjugating verbs in the vos form in the present subjunctive? If it varies by region, what are the differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T12:34:38.347" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:21:42.713" Title="Present subjunctive in vos form" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="95" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:40:17.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not thaaaat important, people would still understand what you're trying to write if you miss some accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you miss one, it will look like a stain in the paper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are some words that DO NEED the accent because it changes the complete meaning of the word.. like &quot;mas&quot; and &quot;más&quot; or &quot;él&quot; and &quot;el&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="58" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:40:17.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="96" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="74" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:40:55.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are not contractions because there is not a &quot;long form&quot; to say the same.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Conti&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;conmi&lt;/em&gt; do not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They come from latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cum: with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mecum: with me &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tecum: with you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amigo and enemigo come from latin too (amicus, inimicus) but I think they are not related to &lt;em&gt;mecum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:40:55.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="97" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:42:02.033" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember that &quot;gustar&quot; means &quot;to please&quot; unlike the English &quot;like&quot; which essentially means &quot;to be pleased by.&quot;  So what you're saying is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is reading pleasing to your children?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you state it this way, the obvious translation becomes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Leer les gusta a vuestros hijos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then the necesity of the 'a' becomes more clear, as in this case it is a translation of the English &quot;to.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative way of translating this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vuestros hijos gustan de leer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vuestros hijos gustan de la lectura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T22:53:24.443" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:53:24.443" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="98" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="107" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:42:04.090" Score="9" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English if you &quot;thumb your nose at someone&quot; you are ignoring their authority.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an expression in Spanish that conveys that same sort of disrespect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Many pedestrians &lt;strong&gt;thumb their noses&lt;/strong&gt; at traffic rules and instead cross&#xA;  the street without waiting for the green light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1645" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T14:03:53.387" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T14:41:23.253" Title="Is there a translation for &quot;He thumbed his nose at them&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="99" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:43:54.727" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your two examples are actually different phenomena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex. 1) &lt;strong&gt;¿A vuestros hijos les gusta leer?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following statements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta leer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta leer a mí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A mí, me gusta leer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always add the &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt; for emphasis. Similarly, you can add an &quot;a [person]&quot; to clarify who the pronoun refers to, in the more ambiguous case of &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex. 2) &lt;strong&gt;Todos los padres quieren a sus hijos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a different case: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.braser.com/spanish-learning/spanish-personal-a.html&quot;&gt;the personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which requires the word &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; before a direct object that is a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="70" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:43:54.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:47:16.623" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard that &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; is predominantly Mexican slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="70" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:47:16.623" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:49:05.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it's mostly mexican, and probably used in zones near Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no universal translation for &quot;how cool&quot;, although I've heard &quot;está de pelos&quot; in neutral Spanish translations, which means you can use that and be understood in all Latin America, although it &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; sound artificial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:49:05.673" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:49:06.410" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although it is possible to understand a text without accents, it would hurt your eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to this, some words change their meaning if you miss one accent (más/mas, él/el, té/te...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:49:06.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="82" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:50:15.610" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Responsabilidad&lt;/strong&gt; works in most non-technical contexts (it does for the two cases you mentioned)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T22:50:15.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:56:30.693" Score="4" ViewCount="8040" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm so excited to see you next week!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He's really excited about graduation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We're excited to have you come visit for Christmas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do &lt;strong&gt;emocionado&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;entusiasmado&lt;/strong&gt; convey the same sentiment as &lt;strong&gt;excited&lt;/strong&gt;, or are there subtle differences in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:31:57.857" Title="Translating &quot;to be excited to...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-11-15T22:59:33.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchos peatones &lt;strong&gt;pasan de&lt;/strong&gt; las normas de tráfico y cruzan la calle sin&#xA;  esperar a que se ponga en verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T14:03:33.943" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T14:03:33.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:00:06.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For ignoring someone's authority without disrespecting him actively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jaime se hizo el tonto ante la llamada de atención de su profesor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For doing it with some sort of response or gesture, I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jaime se limitó a mofarse ante el profesor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Respondió con una burla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These phrases are universal Spanish, but won't match as well with your example as more idiomatic, colloquial expressions, which acceptance will depend on the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:00:06.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:00:19.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several expressions can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Les volteo la cara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le importo  un comino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le importa un bledo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le vale madre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lo pasa por el arco del triunfo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A muchos peatones &lt;em&gt;les importan un bledo&lt;/em&gt; las normas de trafico y cruzan la calle sin esperar a que se ponga en verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A muchos peatones &lt;em&gt;les valen madre&lt;/em&gt; las normas de trafico y cruzan la calle sin esperar a que se ponga en verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A muchos peatones &lt;em&gt;le voltean la cara&lt;/em&gt; las normas de trafico y cruzan la calle sin esperar a que se ponga en verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchos peatones &lt;em&gt;se pasan por el arco del triunfo&lt;/em&gt; las normas de trafico y cruzan la calle sin esperar a que se ponga en verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T21:58:53.410" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T21:58:53.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="166" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:02:31.883" Score="52" ViewCount="12326" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been taught that &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; are completely interchangable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From personal observation, &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; seems to be used more often than &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; in the context of &quot;I live down this road.&quot;  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo por acá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think I've ever heard a person say &lt;code&gt;vivo por aquí&lt;/code&gt;, even though I think they have the exact same meaning, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if there are any guidelines for when one is preferred over the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL&lt;/strong&gt; - Diferencias entre &quot;aquí&quot; y &quot;acá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me han enseñado que &quot;aquí&quot; y &quot;acá&quot; son completamente intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi observación personal, &quot;acá&quot; parece ser utilizado con más frecuencia que &quot;aquí&quot; en el contexto de &quot;&lt;em&gt;I live down this road&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo por acá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que he nunca he oído a nadie decir &lt;em&gt;vivo por aquí&lt;/em&gt;, aunque pienso que tienen exactamente el mismo significado, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si hay pautas para decidir cuándo se prefiere una sobre la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T12:54:38.010" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T11:53:15.317" Title="Is there any difference between 'aquí' and 'acá'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:05:50.800" Score="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;See the Wikipedia article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;yeísmo&lt;/a&gt;, which includes maps of the pronunciations. To summarize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in some regions, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʎ/&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; are distinct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in other regions, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; have merged to &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in very few areas, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; have merged to &lt;code&gt;/ʎ/&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that some specific dialects, like Rioplatense, pronounce their merged &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;[ʒ]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[ʃ]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="70" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T07:55:03.450" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T07:55:03.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:08:01.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;emocionado&quot; sounds a little less formal, just a little. But they both have the same meaning when they are used to translate &quot;excited to&quot; or &quot;exited about&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you don't translate it as &quot;estoy muy excitado de verte la siguiente semana&quot; it should be fine XD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to express a strong feeling (or emotion) you can only use &quot;emocionado&quot;. For example, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;la pelicula fué muy emocionante&quot; or &quot;La película me dejó emocionado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but you can't say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;la película fue muy entusiasmante&quot; nor &quot;la película me dejó entusiasmado&quot; (it's correct but it doesn't make much sense)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="58" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:08:01.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:11:46.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;em&gt;emocionado&lt;/em&gt; is a internal feeling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy emocionado, no tengo palabras (I can't talk).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entusiasmado&lt;/em&gt; is a feeling that you can't help but show:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy entusiasmado, no puedo dejar de sonreir ( I can't stop smiling).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:11:46.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:12:29.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are interchangeable. Usage of one or the other is cultural/geographic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:12:29.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="194" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:16:35.987" Score="16" ViewCount="21387" Body="&lt;p&gt;When referring to someone you don't like Americans (or English speakers) often use the sentence &quot;he is a pain the ass&quot;. The literal translation to the Spanish is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Él) es un dolor en el trasero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, at least in Mexico is not used like that. Some sentences I can think of but wouldn't say that they denote the same feeling are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me cae mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es una piedra en el zapato.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I translate “he is a pain in the ass”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T01:51:52.757" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T19:40:59.150" Title="How should I translate &quot;he is a pain in the ass&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:17:12.353" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Accents are essential when there is a possibility of confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española recognizes that there are occasions when accents may be omitted. The words &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=%C3%A9ste&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;éste&lt;/a&gt; or&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=aquel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquél&lt;/a&gt;, for example, don't require an accent when there is no risk of confusing the word with the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By comparison, &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; should have an accent when it comes between numerals, in order to help distinguish it from the number zero:  5 ó 6.  (Note: this &amp;quot;rule&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20120120112949/http://www.institutocanclini.com.ar/descargas/NOVEDADES%202011.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;very recently&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; changed so that o does not require the accent.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My general rule:&lt;/strong&gt; they are often not required, but always a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T13:45:49.827" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T13:45:49.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2270" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:20:48.443" Score="3" ViewCount="22276" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Nicaragua, the phrase &quot;dale pues&quot; is very frequently used. What does the phrase mean, and in what contexts can it be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T01:51:57.917" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T06:43:15.317" Title="&quot;Dale pues&quot; in Nicaraguan Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:21:02.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un pelmazo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un pesado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T06:05:31.907" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T06:05:31.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:21:20.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;es un hincha-pelotas&quot; if we want to keep the translation in the lower area of the body XD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be only used in south america&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="58" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:21:20.930" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:23:33.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the RAE pages and my experience, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=ac%C3%A1&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=aqu%C3%AD&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; are almost identical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Except for their 'range': &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; has a shorter range than &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:37:28.980" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:37:28.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="115" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:23:47.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;em&gt;let's do it&lt;/em&gt; and is commonly used before you are going to use or do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-15T23:52:27.547" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:52:27.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:24:13.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll tell you one secret - at least from a linguistic point of view, Spaniards are really not likely to convey their emotions as directly as English speakers do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estamos muy emocionados de que vengas por navidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(which is absolutely correct Spanish), we would avoid words such as being &lt;em&gt;emocionado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encantado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;entusiasmado&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;estar deseando algo&lt;/em&gt;, and do some unconscious &amp;quot;workaround&amp;quot; instead, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡A ver si nos vemos ya pronto, en Navidad!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Nos vemos la semana que viene!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't mean you can't use an affective intonation, of course :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T23:24:13.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="123" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2162" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:28:34.530" Score="4" ViewCount="2057" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the possible translations of &quot;should have&quot;, as in &quot;I should have told you earlier&quot;? What are the differences between &lt;strong&gt;&quot;debería (de)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;debí (de)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;debiera (de)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;debía (de)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-04-11T16:40:25.297" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T18:20:37.980" Title="Translation of &quot;should have&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="123" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:35:03.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I should have&lt;/code&gt; always means &lt;code&gt;debería&lt;/code&gt; without &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, without tenses considerations,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deber + infinitivo: obligación. It can be replaced by &quot;tener que&quot; + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deber de + infinitivo: posibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debo hacer los deberes antes de mañana o el profesor me suspenderá. It&#xA;  can be replaced by the most common &quot;tener que&quot;: Tengo que hacer los&#xA;  deberes antes de mañana o el profesor me suspenderá. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No encuentro el móvil, debo de habérmelo dejado en casa. It says&#xA;  indicates that it is quite likely that you left your cell phone in&#xA;  your home, given that you cannot find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:20:27.620" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:20:27.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="123" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:39:34.637" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;should have&lt;/code&gt; actually translates to &lt;code&gt;debería haber&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I should have told you earlier (Debería haberte dicho antes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-11T17:55:38.243" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T17:55:38.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2011-11-15T23:50:37.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The differences between the usage of the three words actually varies a lot from country to country and generation to generation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish &quot;vos&quot; is never used but you will begin to hear it in Guatemala and it's well known in Argentine Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Wikipedia article on &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; provides some introduction into the complexities and extent of the usage variations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T13:29:06.537" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T13:29:06.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="138" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:06:32.610" Score="24" ViewCount="1233" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the preferred past participle of &lt;em&gt;imprimir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;imprimido&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;impreso&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He imprimido el email que me enviaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He impreso / Tengo impreso el email que me enviaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T16:55:56.430" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T16:55:56.430" Title="What's the correct way to say printed?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:10:31.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about from a printer, &lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt; is correct.  If you're talking about 'by hand', it's &lt;em&gt;impreso a mano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:10:31.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:12:35.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Aquel se pone gorro&quot; is another option. The word &quot;gorro&quot; directly translates to bonnet, but the slang on the Texas/Mexican border is as such that it basically means  he overshadows you. It comes from the old habit of a mother forcing a child to wear a bonnet to protect your head and is unwanted but you just can't get rid of it as it is tied to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="265" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T15:57:08.263" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T15:57:08.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:14:44.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;already&amp;quot; and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;still.&amp;quot; All other usage patterns stem from this fundamental fact. This is what I always lean on when deciding what sounds natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, &lt;em&gt;ya lo tengo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todavía lo tengo&lt;/em&gt; have clear differences of meaning; one means that you now have it (or already have it) and the other means that you still have it. In the context of having it now, it would follow other sentences or circumstances in which the object wasn't in the speaker's possession and a change occurred leading to them having it. This is what I find most prevalent in the use of &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; to mean now. It implies a more immediate or recent &amp;quot;now&amp;quot; than &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/em&gt; would never be used this way, since it implies a consistent state both in the past context and the current one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Potential confusion &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; arise due to both &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; potentially meaning &amp;quot;yet,&amp;quot; but they tend to be semi-interchangeable, with slight variations in meaning - I find that &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; has a sharper/more accusatory sound whereas &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; is more neutral or impatient, depending on intonation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya no lo tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo tengo todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ya no lo has hecho?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Todavía no lo has hecho?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/em&gt; never means &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt; in any context of which I'm aware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:14:44.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="140" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:17:22.650" Score="20" ViewCount="4393" Body="&lt;p&gt;Early on while I was learning Spanish, my teachers would always make us use the pronoun 'yo' even if it was redundant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo quiero...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo hablo...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a more advanced Spanish book I bought told me only to use redundant pronouns like yo when I wanted to emphasize that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was performing the action (and when clarification of the subject was necessary). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When should I use 'yo' in my sentences in Spanish? Does it make me sound rather self centered if I use it constantly? How and when do native speakers use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T13:49:18.747" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:00:47.283" Title="When should I use the word 'yo' in a sentence where the verb conjugation already shows that I am the subject?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="158" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:25:12.590" Score="16" ViewCount="2872" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard several different words used for 'to become' in Spanish. Obviously sometimes there are specific verbs to use, like 'enfadarse' means to become angry, but often you need to use a verb that just means 'to become' along with a noun or adjective along with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the more prevalent are hacerse, ponerse, convertirse en, etc. How can I learn to use these, and other words when necessary, to translate 'to become'? Are there some general rules to follow or will I need to memorize all of them on a case-by-case basis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T15:37:17.453" Title="How to translate 'to become?' (hacerse, ponerse, convertirse en, etc.)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="191" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:27:31.587" Score="69" ViewCount="13235" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what the reason is that the inverted exclamation mark &lt;code&gt;¡&lt;/code&gt; and the inverted question mark &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt; were introduced into the Spanish language and not into most other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any explanations for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me estaba preguntando cuál es la razón por la que el signo invertido de exclamación &lt;code&gt;¡&lt;/code&gt; y el signo invertido de interrogación &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt; fueron introducidos en el idioma español pero no en la mayoría de los otros lenguajes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna explicación para esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T08:52:18.707" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T20:55:18.280" Title="Origin and usage of &quot;¿&quot; and &quot;¡&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:28:31.740" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a difficult question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're fluent in Spanish, read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this excerpt&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, which says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los únicos verbos que en la lengua actual presentan dos participios, uno regular y otro irregular, son &lt;em&gt;imprimir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;imprimido/impreso&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;freír&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;freído/frito&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;proveer&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;proveído/provisto&lt;/em&gt;), con sus respectivos derivados. Los dos participios pueden utilizarse indistintamente en la formación de los tiempos compuestos y de la pasiva perifrástica, aunque la preferencia por una u otra forma varíe en cada caso (véase el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, s/v &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=imprimir&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;imprimir&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=fre%C3%ADr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;freír&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=proveer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;proveer&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hemos &lt;strong&gt;imprimido&lt;/strong&gt; veinte ejemplares / Habían &lt;strong&gt;impreso&lt;/strong&gt; las copias en papel  fotográfico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nos hemos &lt;strong&gt;proveído&lt;/strong&gt; de todo lo necesario / Se había &lt;strong&gt;provisto&lt;/strong&gt; de víveres abundantes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Las empanadillas han de ser &lt;strong&gt;freídas&lt;/strong&gt; dos horas antes / Nunca había &lt;strong&gt;frito&lt;/strong&gt; un huevo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No debe asimilarse el caso de estos participios verbales irregulares con el del nutrido grupo de adjetivos procedentes de participios latinos, como &lt;em&gt;abstracto&lt;/em&gt; (del latín abstractus, participio de &lt;em&gt;abstrahere&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;atento&lt;/em&gt; (del lat. &lt;em&gt;attentus&lt;/em&gt;, part. de &lt;em&gt;attendere&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;confuso&lt;/em&gt; (del lat. &lt;em&gt;confusus&lt;/em&gt;, part. de &lt;em&gt;confundere&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;correcto&lt;/em&gt; (del lat. &lt;em&gt;correctus&lt;/em&gt;, part. de &lt;em&gt;corrigere&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;contracto&lt;/em&gt; (del lat. &lt;em&gt;contractus&lt;/em&gt;, part. de &lt;em&gt;contrahere&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;tinto&lt;/em&gt; (del lat. &lt;em&gt;tinctus&lt;/em&gt;, part. de &lt;em&gt;tingere&lt;/em&gt;), etc. Algunas de estas formas pueden haber funcionado como participios verbales en épocas pasadas del idioma, pero hoy funcionan solamente como adjetivos y, por lo tanto, no se usan en la formación de los tiempos compuestos ni de la voz pasiva de los verbos correspondientes (no se dice &lt;em&gt;*Han contract matrimonio o *Son correctos por el profesor&lt;/em&gt; , sino &lt;em&gt;Han contraído matrimonio o Son corregidos por el profesor&lt;/em&gt;). Por lo tanto, la consideración de estos verbos como «verbos con doble participio» carece de justificación gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's subtle, so if you don't understand the distinctions, just go with &lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt; for past participles and &lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt; as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, the irregular form is preferred when used as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="8422" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:37:32.897" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:37:32.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="146" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:28:41.817" Score="2" ViewCount="16242" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural translation of the English phrase &quot;It was great to see you&quot; (as in what you would say after seeing a friend you hadn't seen for a long time)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T19:17:19.053" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T19:17:19.053" Title="How to say &quot;It was great to see you&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:29:25.000" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the pronoun when it clarifies an ambiguity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leería el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is vague without further context. It could mean &amp;quot;I would read the book&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;He/she would read the book.&amp;quot;  So the addition of a pronoun (or other context) is necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use a pronoun for emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él leyó el libro.  Yo leí la revista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;He read the book. &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; read the magazine.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding the pronoun all the time isn't really harmful, but it make make it appear that you're emphasising the pronoun when you don't intend to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T13:49:45.503" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:29:48.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the book explanation is good. But for simplicity use it at the beginning of the paragraph (to clarify it's you) and no more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's important because I want to be able to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es importante porque quiero ser capaz de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the verb itself told you if its explicit the need to use the &amp;quot;Yo&amp;quot;. Using your example when you say quiero you're talking about you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Ella/El) quiere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu quieres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros queremos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros quereis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos quieren&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:29:48.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:37:46.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's definitely a regional thing.  I was taught that it sounded like the &quot;Y&quot; in Yellow, but I've noticed that people who learned Spanish in Mexico City, sometimes make it sound more like the &quot;J&quot; in Jello.  This is especially true for the word, &quot;Yo&quot;.  To me that pronunciation sounds pretentious and I avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &quot;When in Rome...&quot;  Listen to the people around you and copy the sound they make.  If you are going to a particular region, get a hold of recordings of speakers in that area and listen to them before you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bias is to just use your first option for general learning of Spanish.  I don't think you'll be misunderstood even by people who use the second option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="55" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T00:50:34.073" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:50:34.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="195" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:43:35.530" Score="10" ViewCount="7588" Body="&lt;p&gt;What parts of the Spanish-speaking world regularly use the word &lt;strong&gt;genial&lt;/strong&gt;? Is it only encountered in Spain, or is it common in other regions as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like it's more widespread than I realized, despite I've rarely (or never) heard it used during visits to Central America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-08T15:53:16.370" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T15:53:16.370" Title="What is the regional use of &quot;genial&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:45:22.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides clarification as the other answers had pointed out, there's also another use: to add emphasis on that something is personal, for example, expressing opinions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo haría de esta forma...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo opino lo contrario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:45:22.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="139" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:45:55.313" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dio gusto verte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:45:55.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="94" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:51:45.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is generally conjugated as the second person, or like the 'vosotros' conjugation (second plural), but wihout the last i.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La ley requiere que (vos) &lt;em&gt;tengas&lt;/em&gt; 18 años para votar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second person: (tu) tengas&#xA;Second plural: (vosotros) tengáis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te dije que (vos) lo &lt;em&gt;pusieras&lt;/em&gt; sobre la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second person: (tu) pusieras&#xA;Second plural: (vosotros) pusierais&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T08:28:45.117" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T08:28:45.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:53:22.857" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a total of 29 letters in the Mexican language. Spanish as taught in most &quot;northerner's&quot; schools is really Castilian Spanish which is spoken mainly in Spain. In Mexican border regions, our &quot;Spanish&quot; is really &quot;Mexican&quot; and therefore castilian taught in schools is useless in Mexico. The single &quot;L&quot; is pronounced as a regular L, the double &quot;ll&quot; is pronounced as the letter &quot;Y&quot; and is actually a separate letter in the Mexican alphabet than the letter &quot;L&quot;. Other letters not present in the English alphabet are the double &quot;rr&quot; which is rolled of the tongue, and the &quot;ñ&quot; which is pronounced &quot;enye&quot; comprising the total of 29 letters in the Mexican alphabet. Also, the letter &quot;J&quot; is pronounced as &quot;H&quot;, there are no standard &quot;J&quot; sounds in Mexican words just as there are no words using &quot;Y&quot; as in yellow. The letter &quot;Y&quot; is actually the word &quot;and&quot; except as used in the word &quot;playa&quot; which means beach. The &quot;Y&quot; sound is otherwise accomplished using the double &quot;ll&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T20:51:15.593" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T20:51:15.593" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="152" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:55:21.680" Score="3" ViewCount="724" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I refer to raw (unpastuerized) milk in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leche cruda&lt;/em&gt; is the obvious translation, but I have learned that &lt;em&gt;cruda&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;raw&lt;/em&gt; have some different uses and subtleties about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I know I've been corrected before when I say &quot;leche cruda&quot;... I just don't remember what I was told to say instead (in fact, I think I've had different answers before).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-28T03:38:10.487" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T03:39:12.780" Title="Translation of &quot;raw milk&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2271" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:59:54.743" Score="10" ViewCount="15648" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the word &quot;maje&quot; (pronounced &quot;mae&quot;) mean in Nicaraguan Spanish? Could the word be considered offensive, and, if so, in what contexts is it appropriate to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T12:38:06.507" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T10:01:58.410" Title="&quot;Maje&quot; (or &quot;mae&quot;) in Nicaraguan Spanish" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="137" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:02:34.820" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It was introduced in the Grammar in 1754 but was not generally used until years later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with one sign (¡) and close with the other (?) if the meaning is mixed, but using both is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Que ha dicho qué?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡¿Que ha dicho qué?!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source - &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C#3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. &lt;em&gt;Usos especiales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;b) Cuando el sentido de una oración es interrogativo y exclamativo a la vez, pueden combinarse ambos signos, abriendo con el de exclamación y cerrando con el de interrogación, o viceversa:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Cómo te has atrevido? / ¿Cómo te has atrevido!;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;o, preferiblemente, abriendo y cerrando con los dos signos a la vez:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿¡Qué estás diciendo!? / ¡¿Qué estás diciendo?!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T20:55:18.280" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:03:24.593" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always heard it as &lt;em&gt;leche cruda&lt;/em&gt;, though according to Wikipedia it can also be &lt;em&gt;leche bronca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T01:03:24.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:11:46.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leche cruda&lt;/em&gt; is OK, in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=ingles&amp;amp;query=raw%20milk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Linguee query&lt;/a&gt; you can also see translated to Spanish in the same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T01:11:46.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:15:09.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;the correct translation is &lt;code&gt;leche bronca&lt;/code&gt;  in most of the countries as stated on &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; however it could be &lt;code&gt;leche cruda&lt;/code&gt; as you stated, however from what you've posted you live in Guadalajara (Mexico) and there they call it leche bronca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-28T03:39:12.780" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T03:39:12.780" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="136" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:24:17.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My 2 cents: Depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two related examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to become an actor &amp;gt;&amp;gt; convertirse en actor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to become famous &amp;gt;&amp;gt; volverse famoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends if its kind of a transformation (physical, educational and so on) you use &amp;quot;convertirse&amp;quot;; if it's something more light then you use &amp;quot;hacerse o volverse&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T01:35:30.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="39" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:27:52.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comienza el baile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that &quot;beguine&quot; is a dance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:28:27.277" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:28:27.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="136" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:34:38.433" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Randolf Rincón-Fadul says, it depends. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/tobecome.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;e Learn Spanish Language&lt;/a&gt; contains a page where it shows some of the possible cases of translating 'to become'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I found a PDF file titled &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.notesinspanish.com/files/23-translations-become-in-spanish.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&#xA;23 Ways to Translate Become in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, check it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T10:07:26.863" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T10:07:26.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:38:05.230" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;To a true Mexican, a properly placed accent shows respect for the purity of the written language as the accent is most often used in proper names and I am sure that you yourself would not much appreciate a mispronunciation of your name. For example, the letter &quot;i&quot; in my name is not dotted, it carries an accent over the i and I always make use of the accent when using my signature. In English, a 3 syllable word usually carries the accent over the first syllable, but in Mexican Spanish, the accent is usually over the 2nd syllable in a 3 syllable name and over the 1st in a 2 syllable name. So YES, it is a way of showing respect for one's heritage and is extremely important for a purist of the correct pronunciation of one's name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My name in the spelling and culture of Mexico is &lt;strong&gt;García&lt;/strong&gt;.  Here on the Tex/Mex border we are proud of our heritage and continue to speak Mexican Spanish fluently on a daily basis throughout the Rio Grande Valley. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T06:25:05.813" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T06:25:05.813" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2467" CreationDate="2011-11-16T02:01:15.043" Score="16" ViewCount="2248" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article on Spanish phonology&lt;/a&gt;, the phonemes /b/, /d/, and /g/ are realized as approximants or fricatives instead of plosives in all but certain contexts (after a pause, nasal consonant, or a lateral consonant followed by /d/). Where or when are they realized as approximants, and when as fricatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T23:05:25.960" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T23:40:26.150" Title="Approximant vs. fricative realization of /b/, /d/, /g/" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2011-11-16T02:36:26.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here along the Tex/Mex border, &quot;Que Padre&quot; is used by women who see man who they are  and want to impress; when the man says something suggestive to a woman he hopes to impress, if receptive, she will respond and the with &quot;que padre&quot; indicating she is on the same page as the man and the new relationship has the potential to advance from there. It is also meant to encourage the man to pursue her further. Here in the Rio Grande Valley, it is all about reading the slang in the appropriate manner and advancing to the next stage. We have many colloquial sayings which are indigenous mainly to the lower Rio Grande Valley and they are a reflection of our particular way of life on the Tex/Mex border. We often refer to the language here as &quot;Splanglish&quot; and many times it is a mixture of Mexican and English. It is a way of life like no other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T02:36:26.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="144" CreationDate="2011-11-16T02:45:46.403" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Genial is used by all the countries that use spanish as a primary language, as it is actually a word with a meaning (i.e not a slang word), you can see its definition &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=genial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; by the Real Academia Española which is pretty much the most reliable source whenever you have a doubt about a word, it is common in Mexico and other South American countries where I've been.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T18:06:11.177" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T18:06:11.177" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-11-16T02:54:20.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay muchas personas que &lt;strong&gt;tiran el león&lt;/strong&gt; a las reglas del tráfico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idiom &quot;tira el leon&quot; means throwing the lion, meaning showing brazen disregard in the most extreme disrespectful sense of the word. Somewhat like throwing caution to the wind but in the spirit of flipping off another driver who honks at you for cutting in front of them in traffic, and doing it with total disdain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T14:41:23.253" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T14:41:23.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="150" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:07:40.273" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an offensive word in some countries like Honduras and you should avoid using it. However in Nicaragua it is slang for a way to refer to a person, if you want to translate it to English it would probably be &quot;dude&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T18:46:22.320" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T18:46:22.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="144" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:20:08.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's quite used in Argentina, coloquially, sometimes as an adjective but more as an adverb or isolated interjection (vrey much like 'great' in english).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T03:20:08.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:23:29.850" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;In situations where aquí and acá are both acceptable, aquí would connote more precision.  It's worth considering all four words together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí: here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acá: over here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allí: there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allá: over there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In cases where the location is very specific, you must use aquí (or allí):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bajo la ley federal, el edificio debe permanecer aquí.   (not acá)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Bajo la ley federal, el edificio debe permanecer allí.   (not allá)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Quijote,_Primera_Parte%3a_Cap%C3%ADtulo_IX&quot;&gt;&quot;Está, como he dicho, aquí en el margen escrito&quot;&lt;/a&gt;  (not acá)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá is better when referring to a general area, for movement, and in combinations such as &quot;por acá&quot; (around here), &quot;más acá&quot; (closer to here).  Allá follows the same patterns, and can also connote a farther distance than allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acá tenemos otra forma de jugar.  (aquí less common)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ven acá.  (aquí less common)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por acá viven muchos estudiantes, pero los maestros viven por allá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Quijote,_Primera_Parte%3a_Cap%C3%ADtulo_XXII&quot;&gt;&quot;Acá es al revés, que quien canta una vez llora toda la vida.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I don't have much experience with &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/adverbs/a/here_there.htm&quot;&gt;&quot;ahí&quot; and &quot;acullá&quot;, but this page explains them&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastEditorUserId="89" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T05:05:38.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T05:05:38.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="94" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:33:56.560" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As pointed by Alpha, the conjugation is related to the second plural ('vosotros') (*). The general rule is to trim the last 'i'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tú comes&lt;/strong&gt;  (you eat) (second singular, standard form)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vosotros coméis&lt;/strong&gt;  (you eat) (second plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vos comés&lt;/strong&gt;  (you eat) (second singular, with 'voseo')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the imperative, the final 'd' is suppresed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eh, tú, espera&lt;/strong&gt;  (hey, you, wait)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eh, vosotros, esperad&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eh, vos, esperá&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as always, there are some irregularities, eg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot; tú, dime&quot; &quot;vosotros, decidme&quot;  &quot;vos, decime&quot; (hey, you, tell me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) To make things more confusing, 'vosotros' is not much used in some regions with 'voseo', as Argentina; here, we mostly use 'ustedes' as second plural pronoun, plural form of 'usted' (respectful second person). Both 'usted'/'ustedes' are conjugated as third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T03:33:56.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:38:34.707" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To tell someone they are missing the point, you would best make an explicit accusation such as : &lt;code&gt;Oyes, ¡te andas perdido!&lt;/code&gt; Which means: &quot;Hey, you are lost!&quot; meaning they are clueless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario, in the Mexican Border region, you usually razz them by explicitly aiming the statement at them. Sorta like calling them down on the carpet in front of everyone, so to speak. In the Mexican Border culture, it is customary to make an example of someone's mistake so they don't make the same mistake again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;oyes&quot; means &quot;listen up&quot; or &quot;hear what I say&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Oyes&lt;/em&gt; is always used to drive a point home. In our culture, we like to &quot;catch&quot; each other off guard and show off in front of others. It is a cultural thing and all done in good fun. It is an integral part of &quot;La Vida Loca&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T13:58:19.427" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:58:19.427" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="186" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:39:24.143" Score="23" ViewCount="9379" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen &quot;Está hecho de ...&quot; used to mean &quot;It's made of ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the verb estar and not ser? Isn't this an adjective that's permanent and not going to change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand phrases like &quot;la puerta &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; abierta&quot; because that's a temporary thing, but what something's made of isn't going to change. This seems especially odd because I know that &quot;Es de ...&quot; can also mean &quot;It's made of ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, why is estar used in this phrase? Is there a rule that I should know for when to use estar with an adjective and when to use ser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:02:20.560" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T12:03:56.867" Title="&quot;Está hecho de...&quot; why not &quot;es hecho de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:39:48.623" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are mostly interchangeable. In Argentina 'acá' is a little more common-colloquial, but both are used. I believe that in Spain 'aquí' is slightly more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:37:54.567" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:37:54.567" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:43:45.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no strict rule on this. You can always use &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt; in your phrases without seeming self centered (that is more an attitude, not a linguistic use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:16:41.673" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:16:41.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="175" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:45:30.853" Score="12" ViewCount="24813" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to say &amp;quot;I wish!&amp;quot; as in...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: I hear you're a good dancer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Ha! I wish!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Will you help me move this piano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Ha! You wish!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate these idiomatic expressions, and their sarcastic tone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T18:30:06.720" Title="How to translate the idiomatic expressions &quot;I wish!&quot; and &quot;You wish!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="139" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:48:16.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué milagro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T16:48:16.833" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T16:48:16.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="179" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:51:32.917" Score="10" ViewCount="1389" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when describing software you say &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source&quot;&gt;open source&lt;/a&gt;&quot; to refer to software that's source code has been made available under a license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software&quot;&gt;Free software&lt;/a&gt;&quot; refers to 'truly free' software that can be used and modified freely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, I would say &quot;software libre&quot;, but that doesn't really seem to capture the full concept. How would a native speaker translate each of these terms while preserving the distinction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:30:00.980" Title="How to translate &quot;open source&quot; and &quot;free software&quot; and keep the distinction?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:53:50.310" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to make a note that my answer applies at least for Mexico, it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wish! - ¡Ya quisiera!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You wish! - ¡Ya quisieras!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;em&gt;wish&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't translate as &lt;em&gt;espero&lt;/em&gt;, but more like &lt;em&gt;desear&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="31" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T14:19:36.877" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T14:19:36.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2011-11-16T03:54:03.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: I hear you're a good dancer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Quisiera serlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Will you help me move this piano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Si es lo que quieres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Espero' is more as 'wait' than 'wish'.  'Quiero' is more realted with 'wish' and 'need'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T18:08:57.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="174" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:00:07.860" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3digo_abierto&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; it looks like the (or at least a) proper translation of &lt;em&gt;open source&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;código abierto&lt;/em&gt;. I'm pretty sure I've also seen just the phrase &lt;em&gt;open source&lt;/em&gt; used, without translation.  Likewise, I've seen &lt;em&gt;free software&lt;/em&gt; used without translation (in fact the Wikipedia page linked even does that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Spanish the distinction between free (gratis) software and free (libre) software isn't as confusing as in English!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T04:00:07.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="174" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:00:32.977" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is known as (or translated as)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Software Libre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Software de código libre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T14:20:43.647" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T14:20:43.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="174" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:00:44.633" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's pretty simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open Source: &amp;quot;Código abierto&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Free Software: &amp;quot;Software libre/gratis&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no way to get confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:30:00.980" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:01:31.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una escuadra de columnas&lt;/em&gt; would translate to &quot;a square of columns&quot; which is descriptive enough in a conversation in the workplace without having to be too specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T01:21:53.697" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T01:21:53.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="169" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:05:24.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can both be translated as &quot;to be.&quot; But its use depends from the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La manzana está verde.&#xA;(condition: verde = unripe)&#xA;&#xA;La manzana es verde.&#xA;(essential characteristic: verde = color green)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's perfectly valid to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mesa está hecha de madera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mesa es de madera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are the same. But, suppose we need to talk about the condition of the table, then we use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mesa es de madera y está deteriorada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wich mean the table is made of wood and is damaged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser is used with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Elements pertinent to your or others' identity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Physical description, personality and character, nationality, race, gender, profession, origen, What things are made of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Things which &quot;Take Place&quot; or &quot;Occur&quot; in Time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dates, days, seasons, time, events, concerts, parties&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possession&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar is used with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emotional, physical &amp;amp; mental states of (our bodies') being:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feelings/moods/emotions, physical conditions or appearances, civil state (married, single, divorced, dead)&#xA;  Placement State of Being:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Location of things and people (but not events)&#xA;  Motion State of Being&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="88" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T04:19:41.023" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T04:19:41.023" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2011-11-16T04:38:30.593" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, in one word I would translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Ha! I wish!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡Ja! ¡Ojalá!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ojal%C3%A1&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T16:53:00.793" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T16:53:00.793" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-11-16T06:36:27.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct although the irregular form is more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T06:36:27.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="137" CreationDate="2011-11-16T08:21:16.687" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's take these two sentences as in before 1754:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás herido y necesitas ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás herido y necesitas ayuda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can't know if it's a question or affirmative sentence until we read the question mark or full stop at the end. In long sentences it would be quite confusing to understand the meaning of them as in Spanish there are no auxiliary verbs or changes on the order in question sentences, using both signs makes clear from the beginning which kind of sentence it is. For the exclamation mark is the same, the reader can know the tone of the sentence since the first word or it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T08:21:16.687" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="139" CreationDate="2011-11-16T08:43:03.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been told by a Spaniard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buen conocerte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; As per Joel's comments below, this isn't universally recognised&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="109" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T16:48:28.503" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T16:48:28.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="169" CreationDate="2011-11-16T08:48:24.213" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a possible explanation (and how I understand it) is &quot;Está hecho de...&quot; refers to the object being &quot;manufactured with&quot; so the verb refers to the fact that the object was manufactured and &quot;es de madera&quot; refers to the permanent fact that the table is made of wood. Actually you can't say (or is not exactly correct) &quot;el árbol está hecho de madera&quot; &quot;the tree is made of wood&quot; because a tree is not manufacturated. I repeat that this is a personal opinion as a native speaker. Please forgive me for my bad english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T10:14:23.027" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T10:14:23.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-16T08:51:15.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain a similar one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como un grano en el culo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T16:49:18.097" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T16:49:18.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="139" CreationDate="2011-11-16T09:00:04.253" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;More formal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encantado/a de verte/haberte visto (de nuevo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less formal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro de verte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me ha alegrado verte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Informal: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que genial verte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuánto tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que guay (I think just Spain and kind of childish/posh)&#xA;  verte/encontrarte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-02-02T21:52:50.600" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T21:52:50.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="169" CreationDate="2011-11-16T09:12:00.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't think much of it, just learn as they told you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mesa &lt;strong&gt;está hecha de&lt;/strong&gt; madera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mesa &lt;strong&gt;es de&lt;/strong&gt; madera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It a fixed sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T09:12:00.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="174" CreationDate="2011-11-16T09:14:03.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The great rms (Richard Stallman) uses &quot;el software libre&quot; in his Spanish talks, though I can't remember how he references merely &quot;open source&quot;. I suppose like many terms it should be OK to just say &quot;open source&quot;. At least there's a difference between &quot;software gratis&quot; and &quot;software libre&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="109" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T09:14:03.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="137" CreationDate="2011-11-16T09:50:49.320" Score="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both signs encapsulate statements that make an exclamation or a question or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the usage of both it is very important to have the following considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They have to be used at the beginning and the end of the statement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mandatory&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in spanish to use them. It will not be ignored as in the spelling of other languages that use only the ending mark because they have other grammatical rules that help identify the beginning of the statement (question or exclamation)&#xA;For example in spanish you can ask: &lt;code&gt;¿Estás comiendo en el restaurante?&lt;/code&gt; and the equivalent in English would be &lt;code&gt;Are you eating at the restaurant?&lt;/code&gt; In this case, in English, you have the word order that lets you know that it is a question. You can formulate exactly the same sentence in spanish &lt;code&gt;Estás comiendo en el restaurante.&lt;/code&gt; that would have another meaning and tone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You never put a point at the end of the statement. The question or exclamation mark already delimits the end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was implemented in 1754 on the second edition of &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la real academia&lt;/em&gt; because there are many cases in which you can't tell if the statement is a question or not, even if the ending has a mark, you won't know where the question begins. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana se fue de la casa muy tarde y después se fue a donde sus amigos por la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case what is the question? Did Susana leave the house late? Did she go to her friends house? Did she go at night?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible Fix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana se fue de la casa muy tarde, después, ¿se fue a donde sus amigos por la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other alternative fixes. But I'm too lazy to write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Please remember that it is important to know that these are statements when inside a sentence, and sentences when on their own!!!&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Statement form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana, ¿has decidido qué vas a hacer?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Pepe, ¡cuánto me alegro de que hayas venido!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si no responde, ¿qué le vamos a decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Has decidido qué vas a hacer, Susana?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Cuánto me alegro de que hayas venido, Pepe!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿Qué le vamos a decir si no responde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other uses for the inverted question marks, for instance to express irony or doubt, but in those cases it is mandatory the use of parentheses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José Pérez Segovia es el presidente (?) de la asociación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tendría mucha gracia (?) que llegara a la cita con un día de retraso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And exclamation marks to express surprise or irony:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un joven de treinta y seis años (!) fue el ganador del concurso de composición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está más gordo que nunca, pero dice que sólo pesa ochenta kilos (!) en la báscula de su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone finds better examples don't hesitate to edit the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.profesorenlinea.cl/castellano/SignoInterrogExclam.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Profesor en línea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uamenlinea.uam.mx/materiales/lengua/puntuacion/html/inter.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uso de los signos de exclamación e interrogación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signo_de_puntuaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Signos de puntuación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T14:51:02.657" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="199" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:01:11.773" Score="8" ViewCount="922" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que todo te vaya bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que nos reunamos a las 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen, and used, &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; in this form - it's as if the verb has been dropped, say, &lt;code&gt;espero&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the origin of this usage? Is it colloquial / formal? What do grammarians think?&#xA;Is it universally understood? What's its prevalence in South American, Spain, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="109" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:11.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:11.560" Title="Use of &quot;Que&quot; in &quot;Que todo te vaya bien&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:11:37.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;nada nuevo&quot; or &quot;poca cosa&quot; followed with &quot;¿y tú? or &quot;¿Y tú que tal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-03T10:37:44.773" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T10:37:44.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:15:27.030" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many many ways to say this, here are some examples:&#xA;(With the help of other answers, more like a compilation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware it really depends on where you are, although most will be understood in all the spanish speaking countries. If you use one from another place you will likely receive a &lt;strong&gt;you are an outsider look&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hincha-pelotas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;huevón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jodón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cansón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ecuador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;molestoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cabrón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cabrón (vulgar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un hígado &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mamón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jodido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;espeso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ladilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venezuela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ladilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como un grano en el culo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;porculero (vulgar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cansino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wikcionario%3aInsultos_regionales&quot;&gt;Insultos regionales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-05-03T16:41:43.423" LastActivityDate="2012-05-03T16:41:43.423" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="144" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:31:54.493" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Genial&quot; is widely understood in all spanish speaking countries as it is a fairly common word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for usage there are many differences in how often it is used. (In common speech, speaking with friends etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain, Argentina, Peru and Mexico generally use &quot;genial&quot;. (Mexico uses &lt;strong&gt;chido&lt;/strong&gt; as well and Spain &lt;strong&gt;molón&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But some other countries don't use it as often such, as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Colombia: uses more &lt;strong&gt;chévere&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;chimba&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;bacano&lt;/strong&gt; (depending on context)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ecuador: uses more &lt;strong&gt;arrecho&lt;/strong&gt; (Can have a sexual meaning but is mostly to express genial or cool. ie. Qué arrecho!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer is rather incomplete as I can't know every country, but I can attest for those countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T20:05:55.143" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T20:05:55.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="197" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:32:09.597" Score="13" ViewCount="567" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience most places use either &quot;tú&quot; or &quot;vos&quot; for the second person singular intimate/informal pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I haven't been to every Spanish speaking country and area. Are there places which use both? And if so how does the usage differ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:04:32.810" Title="Are there regions or dialects which use both &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;vos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="196" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:39:55.240" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is. I grew up in a city in Colombia called Cali. There we have the &quot;Valluno&quot; accent. We widely use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; in almost the same proportion not exclusively as in other &quot;Voseo&quot; countries and it is used in the entire &lt;em&gt;Valle del Cauca&lt;/em&gt; region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other countries where it is used such as Bolivia and Chile. In the case of Bolivia it is used in Santa Cruz, Beni, Pando and Tarija. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Ecuador it is sometimes used, but I lived 7 years there and can attest that &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; use is fairly rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below I let you for further reading and a nice geographical map with the regions that use it and those that do not. As well as those that use both!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the map with the regions where both are used (shown in light blue and normal blue. Dark blue is where &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is predominant)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see according to the map that both are used in central america, Chile, a region in Colombia (Valle del Cauca, Antioquia, Eje cafetero) and a region of Ecuador (Esmeraldas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hydkPm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Map of regions of voseo&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Countries_where_both_forms_are_used&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Voseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Updated map&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KvQSb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KvQSb.png&quot; alt=&quot;Updated map&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5rIT1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5rIT1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T20:04:32.810" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:04:32.810" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="192" CreationDate="2011-11-16T10:56:38.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ucm.es/info/circulo/no3/porroche.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt; that explains it really well. But your second example &quot;que reunamos a las 6&quot; sound wrong to me, maybe in some context can be right but not standing alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: sorry, didn't see the comments until after I answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T22:18:15.697" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:18:15.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="192" CreationDate="2011-11-16T11:07:35.943" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the literal equivalent &amp;quot;that&amp;quot; used to be used in formal English but has now all but disappeared. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/that#Conjunction&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary gives this definition for this sense of English &amp;quot;that&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(archaic) Introducing a hypothetical fact or supposition: ‘given that’, ‘as would appear from the fact that’. [from 11th c.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be thought of as a kind of subjunctive (semantically, not morphologically of course) since it expresses things not actual but what we hope or wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easier way to think of it in English that is still used but is still formal is &amp;quot;may&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May everything go well for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May we meet again some day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T11:43:13.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="204" CreationDate="2011-11-16T12:35:55.060" Score="16" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say that I want to write some blog posts or news articles in Spanish. Are there any useful resources (e.g. books, websites or guidelines) that one could use in order to write “neutral” Spanish, that would be equally well understood by people from Spain as well as from Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to put this question: is there a somewhat reliable way of knowing if some words or phrases I'm using should be avoided because they are specific to some regional variation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T01:54:47.527" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T01:54:47.527" Title="How can I know if a word or phrase should be avoided due to regional variations?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="60" CreationDate="2011-11-16T12:36:54.760" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ámbito as defined by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=%C3%A1mbito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ámbito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. ambĭtus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Contorno o perímetro de un espacio o lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Espacio comprendido dentro de límites determinados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Espacio ideal configurado por las cuestiones y los problemas de una o varias actividades o disciplinas relacionadas entre sí. Esto&#xA;pertenece al ámbito de la psicología, no al de la sociología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means that it can be an environment a perimeter or a context. But be aware that in the case of the poem IMHO and interpretation it doesn't represent a place in space, but rather an attitude and a time, something rather foreign. So the last two verses I would translate them as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro tiempo estás. Eres el dueño&#xA;de un ámbito cerrado como un sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You exist in another time.You are the owner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of a closed circle like a dream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You exist in another time. You are the owner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of a closed world like a dream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T12:36:54.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="209" CreationDate="2011-11-16T12:39:58.363" Score="-3" ViewCount="1289" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had troubles with translations programs in the past.  It seems that most take a word-for-word approach to translation.  Obviously this falls short in most circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that Google's translation engine is different, however (although I'm not sure which algorithm it uses).  Also, there is a new HTML voice API available in Chrome and Google Translate is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://googlesystem.blogspot.com/2011/04/google-translate-now-with-voice-input.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;first Google service to use this API&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how well does this translation service work, in general?  I'm sure I can trust it for simple words, but does it work well for idioms or phrases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T14:16:44.590" Title="In general, how well does Google Translate work?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2011-11-16T14:36:27.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2011-11-16T12:48:34.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides what others have written, I'd add these two translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I wish!&lt;/em&gt; = ¡Ya me gustaría!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You wish!&lt;/em&gt; = ¡Ya te gustaría!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T12:48:34.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="200" CreationDate="2011-11-16T12:54:29.807" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally think there are certain ways to achieve this. But be aware that they are personal and subjective. I have been writing for a long time and I hope you find them useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I seldom use the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; which is predominantly used in Spain and is considered overly formal in Latin America. I use it only when my purpose is formality and a distinguished character speaking. For instance someone speaking to a king.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use slang. Use only slang that you are certain will be understood in the spanish speaking world without sounding localized or weird. For instance cojones is a bad word choice for testículos. Try to use a sort of &lt;em&gt;universal&lt;/em&gt; slang, in this case you could use bolas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use voseo. That means don't use the pronoun vos. It is very localized to only some regions of the spanish speaking world as Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, etc... and of course this includes the conjugation of the words that go with it and the accents!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In case of doubt look for the word at &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;. There will be the word definition and in probably 99% of cases will tell you if the word is localized to a country or region. (Except for words from Spain which may be a problem) For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=%C3%A1mbito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chévere.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ant., Ec., Hond., Méx., Pan. y Perú. Primoroso, gracioso, bonito, elegante, agradable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Á. Caribe, Bol., El Salv. y Hond. Estupendo, buenísimo, excelente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Col., Cuba, Pan., Perú, R. Dom. y Ven. Benévolo, indulgente. Un profesor chévere. Un examen chévere.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. fest. P. Rico y Ven. petimetre.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Ven. magníficamente (‖ muy bien).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to find people that speak spanish and are native speakers from various countries. I know difficult. But very useful once achieved, that way they can read your text and tell you if it sounds weird or correct to them. By weird I mean the word choice etc...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: remember that all spanish speakers are raised in a different cultural context and managing a &quot;neutral&quot; spanish can prove to be a very difficult task since word choice usually differs greatly specially when spoken in slang. There is some degree of neutrality that can be achieved in overall Latin America with Colombian Spanish from Bogota (Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://wikitravel.org/en/Bogota&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikitravel&lt;/a&gt;) but that is highly relative. Although many studios of translation for tv shows are made there. But this &quot;neutrality&quot; is no longer considered neutral for someone from Spain. So there's a pretty big difference between spanish from Spain and from Latin America. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T17:18:18.200" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T17:18:18.200" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2011-11-16T13:02:01.847" Score="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;Accents are important anywhere you want to use formal language, look professional, etc. Places where using &amp;quot;correct&amp;quot; Spanish is important. Writing an article for publication, a letter to a superior, in exams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite what other people say in their answers, leaving out accents doesn't result in sore eyes, confused readers, hard to read text. If you're writing to somebody who you know likes everything proper you should expect this to irritate them. Generally people that don't like slang also won't like omitted accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would compare it exactly to writing English in all lower case and omitting apostrophes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Almost all of my friends from Spanish speaking countries never use accents when writing on the Internet, in emails, Facebook, instant messaging, SMS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a matter of style. When you want to be formal, stick to the official orthography, with all the accents, punctuation, and capitalization used as the RAE advises. If you don't you will be interpreted as at least lazy and unprofessional, but perhaps worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a young person chatting via keyboard to other young people, you don't have to be formal, just like in English. Your friends might even find it a bit stilted if you're too formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact in instant messaging and SMS I find my Spanish speaking friends go much further and use lots of special slang spellings I don't know at all - just like people do in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's probably a good idea to be consistent though. It will be less pleasant for some people to read if you phase in and out of accent usage in a single piece of writing. In this case it will seem a lot more like spelling mistakes like mixing up &amp;quot;to&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;too&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;their&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;there&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;they're&amp;quot; in English. Context will show which word you mean but your wrong spellings will throw the reader off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do note however that when Spanish is written in all capitals that the accents will fairly often be omitted even in places where you might expect more formality and even though &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/espanol-al-dia/tilde-en-las-mayusculas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the RAE says the accents should always be used even in all capitals&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In short: You might make a faux pas if you leave them out, but you'll never make a faux pas if you put them in.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;Other than the cool kids sometimes thinking you're not cool (-;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="27332" LastEditDate="2021-02-10T09:16:44.977" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T09:16:44.977" CommentCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="221" CreationDate="2011-11-16T13:40:31.983" Score="3" ViewCount="1431" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that some people pronounce words that end with -n almost as a &quot;ng&quot; sound.  &quot;Bien&quot;, for example, seems to come out as &quot;Bie[ng]&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a regional issue?  What regions use this pronunciation?  Is this true only for words &lt;em&gt;ending&lt;/em&gt; in -n or does the letter n ever get pronounced that way when it's inside of the word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T15:46:38.587" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:27:21.330" Title="Pronunciation of words ending in -n" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="211" CreationDate="2011-11-16T13:44:33.543" Score="29" ViewCount="19771" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that one of the greatest difficulties some native-English speakers have is learning to trill their R's.  Some, it seems, are completely incapable of performing this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this ever a problem for native-born Spanish speakers?  If so, is this considered a speech impediment (such as having difficulty with the letter &quot;R&quot; is in English?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL&lt;/strong&gt; - ¿Hay hablantes de español nativo que no puedan resonar las &quot;R&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que una de las mayores dificultades que algunos hablantes de Inglés nativo tienen es aprender a resonar sus &quot;R&quot;. Algunos, al parecer, son completamente incapaces de llevar a cabo esta tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto alguna vez un problema para los hablantes nativos de Español? Si es así, ¿se considera un impedimento en el habla (como lo es en Inglés el tener dificultad con la letra &quot;R&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-18T10:18:43.303" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T02:35:58.720" Title="Are there native-born Spanish speakers that can't trill their R's?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2011-11-16T13:55:18.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some native Spanish can't trill their R's properly, but I wouldn't say this is a big impediment. As long as there aren't many Rs in a row, such as in &quot;Erre con erre guitarra&quot;, this shouldn't be very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="69" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T02:35:58.720" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T02:35:58.720" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-11-16T13:55:18.627" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="202" CreationDate="2011-11-16T14:16:44.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My experience has been that Google translated works well enough in MOST situations. It appears to have gone beyond the &quot;word for word&quot; stage, and often (though not always) captures the local idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's main problems occur when a word has multiple meanings e.g. &quot;cleave,&quot; to cut and to bind, or is used in widely different contexts. Then the program is not much better than &quot;random&quot; in choosing the appropriate one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T14:16:44.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-16T14:38:00.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the letter &quot;s&quot; has one sound (mostly) but the letters &quot;c&quot; and &quot;z&quot; also have an &quot;s&quot; sound in most regions except most of Spain where &quot;s&quot; sounds like English &quot;s&quot; but &quot;c&quot; and &quot;z&quot; sound like English &quot;th&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T14:38:00.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2011-11-16T14:46:09.800" Score="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very common defect, called &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotacismo&quot;&gt;rotacismo&lt;/a&gt;. This is one of the last sounds the children learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, I was unable to pronounce it correctly until I had some corrective training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, it's not considered a speech impediment, but it will make the speaker sound dorky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting than some regions (for example, many provinces in Argentina) do not pronounce the R in a standard way. Their pronunciation is approximately a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant&quot;&gt;voiced retroflex sibilant&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2014-12-16T15:07:42.840" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T15:07:42.840" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="60" CreationDate="2011-11-16T15:03:42.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation I would have rendered for &quot;ámbito cerrado&quot; is a &quot;closed system.&quot; But your &quot;closed circle&quot; is more than adequate, and actually more poetic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T15:03:42.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="214" CreationDate="2011-11-16T15:12:13.120" Score="4" ViewCount="6487" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sabor a Mí&quot; is the title of a song in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/l/los_panchos/sabor_a_mi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/l/los_panchos/sabor_a_mi.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, sabor is a noun. But in this context, it seems to be used more like a verb. Can it be (roughly) translated as &quot;savor me&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another translation I used, that people liked because it was &quot;hard-hitting&quot; (and sexy), was &quot;come on to me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T22:12:49.880" LastActivityDate="2020-02-10T02:11:01.640" Title="How to Translate &quot;Sabor A Mí&quot; into English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="213" CreationDate="2011-11-16T15:20:48.677" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that the translation could be &quot;a taste of me&quot;. I don't see that &quot;sabor&quot; is used as a verb there, it is used as a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T15:20:48.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="217" CreationDate="2011-11-16T15:23:06.357" Score="19" ViewCount="988" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that some single-syllable words (most pronouns, for example) come in two varieties, with and without an accent mark on the vowel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él&quot; has a different meaning than &quot;el&quot;, but is it pronounced any differently?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T15:42:44.563" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T23:02:14.950" Title="Does an accent mark change the pronunciation of single-syllable words?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="215" CreationDate="2011-11-16T15:50:53.337" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally there is no difference in the pronunciation, sometimes it could be a difference in the stress, the pronoun would never be used as a &quot;weak form&quot;  or contracted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No iremos porque (e)l niño no quiere ir&quot; The bracketed &quot;e&quot; could be elided.&#xA;&quot;No iremos porque él no quiere ir&quot; The final &quot;e&quot; in porque and the inital &quot;e&quot; in él would be both pronounced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T15:50:53.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="192" CreationDate="2011-11-16T16:17:49.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Que todo te vaya bien&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; sounds weird. In México a more common expression is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que te vaya bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que te vaya bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T16:17:49.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="227" CreationDate="2011-11-16T16:40:32.897" Score="30" ViewCount="10904" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo han evolucionado los verbos &quot;ser&quot; e &quot;ir&quot; para tener la misma conjugación en el pretérito (y también en el imperfecto y el futuro de subjuntivo)? ¿Y por qué las formas en el pretérito empiezan por &quot;fu-&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did the verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; evolve to have the same conjugation in the preterite (and also in the imperfect and future subjunctive)? And why do their preterite forms begin with &lt;em&gt;fu-&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T09:54:55.840" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T12:02:26.323" Title="Preterite of ser and ir" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="206" CreationDate="2011-11-16T16:42:38.560" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is a regional dialect.  However, it's a dialect is only prominent for words ending in -n.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Dialect&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the majority of dialects, a word ending in -n is alveolar (your basic &amp;quot;n&amp;quot; sound in English, such as &amp;quot;begin&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, is some dialects, the final -n sound is articulated further back in the mouth.  At it's most extreme, it can become a velar nasal sound, sound similar &amp;quot;long&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;bang&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this distinction isn't quite as pronounced as the question implies--there's no articulated &amp;quot;g&amp;quot; sound on the end of the words.  But it does seem to carry that velar nasal sound we see in &amp;quot;long&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;song&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Regions&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This velar &amp;quot;-n&amp;quot; is common in some parts of Spain, the Caribbean, some Central American dialects, as well as coastal areas of some countries in South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Word-final_.22-n.22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia: velar -n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:27:21.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="223" CreationDate="2011-11-16T16:52:23.650" Score="3" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;The vulgar words I'm familiar with all seem to be local slang. Does Spanish have any words that are universally accepted as vulgar or profane?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T01:55:48.510" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T15:25:10.160" Title="Are there vulgarities in Spanish that are universal throughout the language?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="222" CreationDate="2011-11-16T16:58:21.407" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes there is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Puta &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the perfect example. Widely recognized, even in Equatorian Guinea and in the Philippines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-18T16:10:00.407" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T16:10:00.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="225" CreationDate="2011-11-16T17:09:12.930" Score="12" ViewCount="19376" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are commonly misused when writing, and can be very confusing for someone that is learning Spanish. These three words have a very different meaning and they are used in a very different context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you explain to a beginner what are the main differences and what would you advise to avoid misuse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T04:40:19.633" LastActivityDate="2020-02-17T14:49:16.133" Title="Difference between &quot;hay&quot;, &quot;ay&quot; and &quot;ahí&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="224" CreationDate="2011-11-16T17:22:51.657" Score="11" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/strong&gt;: Used to indicate the location of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La pelota está ahí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ay&lt;/strong&gt;: To express pain or exclamation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ay, me duele mucho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ay, qué bonito!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt;: From the verb &quot;haber&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay problemas muy difíciles.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="24803" LastEditDate="2020-02-17T14:49:16.133" LastActivityDate="2020-02-17T14:49:16.133" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-16T17:48:16.000" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite the good answers also is worth to mention the following expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un dolor de cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has a wide variety of ways to say the same thing (specially bad things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito es un dolor de cabeza, siempre hace ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-03T14:17:00.580" LastActivityDate="2012-03-03T14:17:00.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-11-16T17:53:03.540" Score="11" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo he oído explicado así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pretérito de &quot;ser&quot; viene de la versión del latín de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.osu.edu/~econrad/lang/lvesse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que usa la raíz 'fui'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historia va de que &quot;ir&quot; es irregular en el sentido de que estaba compuesto de múltiples verbos, y por tanto toma su pretérito del latín &quot;&lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El presente, pretérito, subjuntivo del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://latindictionary.wikidot.com/verb%3avidere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vadere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El infinitivo del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.osu.edu/~econrad/lang/lvire.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El condicional y el futuro vienen del infinitivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard it explained this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterite of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is from the latin version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.osu.edu/~econrad/lang/lvesse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which uses the 'fui' root&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The story goes that &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; is irregular in the sense it was composed of multiple verbs, and therefore borrows its preterite form from the latin &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Present, preterite, subjunctive from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://latindictionary.wikidot.com/verb%3avidere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vadere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Infinitive from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.osu.edu/~econrad/lang/lvire.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conditional and future are from infinitive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T16:38:11.993" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T16:38:11.993" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="230" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:17:36.927" Score="1" ViewCount="918" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some Spanish terms of enderment you could use for a girlfriend or a wife?  In English I'm thinking things like sweetheart, sweetie, darling, cutie, babe, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any others that are unique to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T00:51:36.650" Title="What are some terms of endearment for a girlfriend/wife?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2011-11-16T23:36:36.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="215" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:22:04.640" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, when you have a diacritic accent, its role is solely to mark the grammatical function of the word, and does not have any influence with the stress of that word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stress, as @Laura already stated, depends only on the type of word, so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An article (&lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;) will be elided but a pronoun (&lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt;) won't&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A possessive adjective (&lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt;) would be elided but a declined pronoun (&lt;code&gt;mí&lt;/code&gt;) won't&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A demonstrative adjective (&lt;code&gt;este&lt;/code&gt;) would be elided but a pronoun (&lt;code&gt;éste&lt;/code&gt;) won't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T18:22:04.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="228" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:28:53.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the standard ones like: amor, querida, princesa, cielita, guapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also others like gordita and bichita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T18:28:53.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="232" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:30:47.707" Score="12" ViewCount="2552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que se debe usar también cuando una persona se pone en acuerdo con una otra (en inglés, &quot;You like movies? Me too!&quot; será, &quot;¿Te gustan las películas? ¡A mi también!&quot;) pero no se las reglas de usar para «tampoco». ¿Cuáles son? ¿Qué significa este diferencia? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-16T18:38:41.987" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T19:57:30.737" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre «también» y «tampoco»?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="231" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:38:55.820" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;También&amp;quot; expresses accord with a positive meaning like English &amp;quot;too&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;also&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;as well&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You like movies? I like movies &lt;strong&gt;too&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A ti te gustan las películas? A mí &lt;strong&gt;también&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tampoco&amp;quot; expresses accord with a negative meaning like English &amp;quot;not ... either&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;neither&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't like movies? I don't like them &lt;strong&gt;either&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A ti no te gustan las películas? A mí no me gustan &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;or just&lt;/em&gt; A mí &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; me gustan.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T13:11:36.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="235" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:58:35.233" Score="5" ViewCount="1632" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have the interrobang -- ‽ (often represented by ?! or !?) -- which can express incredulity and surprise in-text. Does Spanish have an equivalent punctuation mark? If so, would it, like the exclamation point and question mark, require an antecedent at the beginning of a sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T21:47:07.580" Title="Is there an equivalent, in Spanish, for the interrobang?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="234" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:04:54.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/137/origin-of-and/151#151&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; provides a possible answer to this question as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with one sign (¡) and close with the other (?) if the meaning is mixed, but using both is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Que ha dicho qué?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;!¿Que ha dicho qué?!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrobang&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, you can also use this form, although it is not considered standard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;⸘Que ha dicho qué‽&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T19:12:58.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="241" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:29:46.933" Score="12" ViewCount="3139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can understand why we would use estar for temporary states.  But there are conditions that people have that are not temporary, such as being old (or for some people, being fat).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡qué gordo está!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡pobre abuelo! está viejo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡todo está tan caro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These subjects aren't going to change:  people won't get younger or thinner, and things aren't going to get cheaper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we use &quot;estar&quot; for these and not &quot;ser&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:50:18.340" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:50:18.340" Title="Why should we use &quot;estar&quot; over &quot;ser&quot; for being old or fat?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="237" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="353" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:39:05.900" Score="10" ViewCount="1033" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an idiom that is popular (and old) in English that states &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thefreedictionary.com/kitchen%20sink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;everything but the kitchen sink&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;  This is a phrase that means &amp;quot;everything that could be conceived.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I realized that there is a request to add everything but the kitchen sink to&#xA;Mozilla.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=122411&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;We’re watching four storms right now bringing another day of “everything but the kitchen sink” weather!&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20121225063503/http://foxnewsinsider.com/2011/01/18/more-everything-but-the-kitchen-sink-weather/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Goldtone cuff bracelet adorned with everything but the kitchen sink.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20111121210102/http://www.avarosescloset.bigcartel.com/product/everything-but-the-kitchen-sink-bracelet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is similar to &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/whole%20enchilada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the whole enchilada&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;  That phrase, by comparison, means &amp;quot;absolutely everything.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I’ve got the whole enchilada going on: an ethnic necklace, a long beaded necklace, long feather earrings, thin woven bracelets and a wooden ring.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://thehouseintheclouds.com/2011/07/20/the-whole-enchilada/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Today, our challenge is to make a few 3x3 cards, matching envelopes and a cute box to store them in....in other words, the whole enchilada!&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20210118180358/https://www.splitcoaststampers.com/forums/technique-lovers-challenge-f44/tlc171-whole-enchilada-t352435.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would a good translation of these phrases be?  Are there idioms in Spanish that compare to these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-03-07T14:07:18.157" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T14:07:18.157" Title="How should we translate &quot;everything but the kitchen sink&quot; or &quot;the whole enchilada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="236" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:41:33.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that estar is used not for &quot;temporary&quot; but &quot;non-permanent&quot; situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being fat may be &quot;temporary&quot; or not, but it is not necessarily &quot;permanent.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old is longer-lasting. But even then, one hasn't ALWAYS been old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;soy un hombre,&quot; or &quot;soy una mujer.&quot; Once a (fe)male, always one (barring a sex-change operation)&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T19:41:33.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="236" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:41:43.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both forms are allowed, and they have slightly different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡qué gordo está!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might use this when referring to somebody that didn't use to be so fat (be it a friend, a celebrity on TV, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡qué gordo es!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might use this when referring to somebody that is very fat, and whom you didn't know in a different shape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡pobre abuelo! está viejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might this to refer to a grandfather that is noticeably deteriorating physically or mentally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡pobre abuelo! es viejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will probably only be said by a young kid, referring to the inevitable reality of old age.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T19:41:43.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="236" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:42:25.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan es gordo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan está gordo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both in english are &quot;John is fat&quot;. But the first one points to a characteristic feature of John, a property that qualifies him. The second one is similar, but emphasizes that he is fat at this moment. The first one suggests a permanent or stable property (or at least does not imply anything temporal), the second one is definitely temporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T19:42:25.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="236" CreationDate="2011-11-16T19:44:23.853" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed you can also say the same sentences with the verb &quot;ser&quot; instead of &quot;estar&quot; with a difference in meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él es gordo: he is a fat person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él está gordo: He is fat right now (he can lose weight in a future or he's fatter than usual).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él es viejo: he is old.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él está viejo: He looks old.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El coche es caro: this model of car is expensive (in general).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El coche está caro: the car is expensive right now in comparison with another time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T19:44:23.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26156" CreationDate="2011-11-16T20:36:37.220" Score="9" ViewCount="1918" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the privilege of attending the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guadalajara2011.org.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2011 Panamerican Games&lt;/a&gt; last month, and went to the brand new baseball stadium in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagos_de_Moreno&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lagos de Moreno&lt;/a&gt;.  The stadium said in big letters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estadio de Beisbol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bkyzJ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that the correct spelling is &lt;em&gt;béisbol&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it's common for accent marks to be left out in casual writing, or in all-caps, but this is neither casual, nor all-caps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;beisbol&lt;/em&gt; a legitimate alternate spelling (and pronunciation) of the word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T07:14:10.823" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T23:24:35.433" Title="Proper spelling of &quot;beisbol&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="242" CreationDate="2011-11-16T20:42:28.770" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper spelling is &lt;code&gt;Béisbol&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=b%C3%A9isbol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's accented because is a &lt;code&gt;palabra grave&lt;/code&gt;, that is to say, its stress is on the second syllable from right to left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen the original word &lt;code&gt;baseball&lt;/code&gt; written in spanish texts, but it should be considered an &lt;code&gt;anglicismo&lt;/code&gt;. The same happens with &lt;code&gt;football&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;handball&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting enough, in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/trends?q=baseball%2C+beisbol&amp;amp;ctab=0&amp;amp;geo=all&amp;amp;date=all&amp;amp;sort=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comparison between &lt;code&gt;beisbol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;baseball&lt;/code&gt; made with googleTrends&lt;/a&gt;  you can see that in Spanish, the original English form is also used, but one third as often as the &quot;Spanish&quot; one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T06:40:18.710" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T06:40:18.710" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="242" CreationDate="2011-11-16T20:44:18.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's spelled both ways, but primarily uses the accent.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=beisbol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford Spanish dictionary&lt;/a&gt; supports this.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beisbol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; also mentions both spellings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also called pelota base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T20:44:18.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="245" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="248" CreationDate="2011-11-16T21:25:39.430" Score="45" ViewCount="20564" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even as a native speaker I don't know the reason for this: why is the &quot;x&quot; in &lt;em&gt;México, Texas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Xavier&lt;/em&gt; pronounced as the letter &quot;j&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:30:20.217" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:45:41.257" Title="Why is the &quot;x&quot; in &quot;México&quot; or &quot;Texas&quot; pronounced as the letter &quot;j&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="245" CreationDate="2011-11-16T21:54:52.290" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;X pronunciation in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Spanish &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; is usually pronounced as the English &lt;em&gt;ks&lt;/em&gt; between vowels, or as the English &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; before consonants and at the beginning of words.  In words of foreign/indigenous origin, it is pronounced as the English &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the two examples you provided, the origin of the words is a foreign or indigenous language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Texas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Caddo language&lt;/a&gt;, which was spoken by a group indigenous to the Oklahoma-Texas-Arkansas-Louisiana region.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Mexico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;México&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is Aztec in origin, so also foreign/indigenous.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The native Spanish version of the name Xavier is &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javier_%28nombre%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Javier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and therefore pronounced with a J sound. Compare, for instance, the Wikipedia pages on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Xavier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Francis Xavier in English&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Javier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Francis Javier in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.  If the name is ever spelled as &lt;em&gt;Xavier&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, it seems it is likely to be pronounced as with an English &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; sound.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaxaca#Name&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oaxaca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is originally a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahuatl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nahuatl&lt;/a&gt; word.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T22:00:54.300" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T22:00:54.300" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="245" CreationDate="2011-11-16T21:59:06.330" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Old Spanish, words like &quot;caja&quot;, &quot;bajo&quot;, and &quot;jarabe&quot; were originally spelled with an &quot;x&quot;, and pronounced as &quot;sh&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1815 the spellings were &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_orthography#Older_conventions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;officially changed&lt;/a&gt; from an &quot;x&quot; to a &quot;j&quot; by the RAE, including words like &quot;Méjico&quot; and &quot;Tejas&quot;.  By this time, the &quot;j&quot; was pronounced the same as &quot;x&quot; (previously it was pronounced like a French &quot;j&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiced palato-alveolar sibilant&lt;/a&gt;)).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time, some words (like &quot;Méjico&quot;, &quot;Tejas&quot;, &quot;Oajaca&quot;, and &quot;Javier&quot;) reverted back to the &quot;x&quot; spelling, but retained their &quot;j&quot; pronunciation.  And the letter &quot;j&quot; took on the &quot;h&quot; pronunciation that we know today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.babab.com/no05/expediente_x.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is an excellent article on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:45:41.257" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:45:41.257" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="309" CreationDate="2011-11-16T23:20:19.200" Score="9" ViewCount="4961" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard that there used to be another tense in Spanish called the &quot;future-subjunctive&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡A donde fueres, haz lo que vieres!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard the above means in a literal sense, &quot;to where you will go, do what you will see&quot;, so I assume that this tense is a sort of subjunctive &lt;em&gt;for things that haven't happened yet.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an accurate description? How was this tense used and how has its usage been replaced in modern Spanish? Why was it deemed necessary to add to the language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="74" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T21:53:39.520" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T19:14:51.973" Title="What is the future subjunctive and how was it used?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-16T23:32:55.550" Score="11" ViewCount="1050" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know Spanish often avoids the passive voice by using the active instead or 'se' to change the subject of the sentence, but when do Spanish speakers use the 'pure' passive with `fue/fueron [past-participle]? When it the passive voice appropriate to use in Spanish? How can I tell when a sentence would be best translated by using the passive voice? When do native speakers use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:50:22.857" Title="When should I use the pure passive voice in Spanish? ( fue/fueron [past participle] )" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="256" CreationDate="2011-11-16T23:48:32.433" Score="15" ViewCount="6133" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the etymology of the pronoun &quot;usted&quot;? What formal pronouns existed before, and when did the current &quot;usted&quot; come into existence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T14:45:58.903" LastActivityDate="2020-12-06T00:27:46.820" Title="What is the etymology of the pronoun &quot;usted&quot;? What formal pronouns existed before?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="393" CreationDate="2011-11-16T23:56:34.063" Score="7" ViewCount="14181" Body="&lt;p&gt;The letters &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; have several possible names in Spanish. Is there an official, language academy-sponsored name for these letters? If not, what are the most common and standard names?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T19:20:39.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T19:20:39.643" Title="What are the official names of the letters &quot;b&quot; and &quot;v&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1225" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:04:20.727" Score="5" ViewCount="829" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should numbers above 15 be spelled as a single word (&lt;em&gt;diecisiete&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veintidos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) or multiple words (&lt;em&gt;diez y siete&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/em&gt;, etc). Does the Real Academia Española have a official opinion on the matter? What is the most common usage currently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T15:59:53.060" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T15:59:53.060" Title="Single or multiple word names of numbers" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="252" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:21:43.393" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though this won't answer fully your question, I've found this on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_orthography&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The letters ⟨b⟩ and ⟨v⟩ were originally simply known as &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;ve&lt;/strong&gt;. However, there is no longer any distinction between the sounds of these letters—their accepted names are &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt;;[5][6] in some regions, speakers may instead add something to the names to distinguish them. Some Mexicans and most Peruvians generally say &lt;strong&gt;be grande&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;ve chica&lt;/strong&gt; ('big B' / 'little V'); Argentines and Chileans, &lt;strong&gt;be larga&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;ve corta&lt;/strong&gt; ('long B' / 'short V'). Some people give examples of words spelt with the letter; e.g., &lt;strong&gt;be de burro&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;ve de vaca&lt;/strong&gt; ('b of burro' / 'v of vaca'). Regardless of these regional differences, all Spanish-speaking people recognize &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; as the official name of B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T00:21:43.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="253" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:25:31.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a single word up from &lt;em&gt;dieciseis&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;veintinueve&lt;/em&gt;, then multiple words (&lt;em&gt;treinta y...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T00:25:31.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="251" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:29:00.597" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; evolved to &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; is a really antique way to say something like &lt;em&gt;your highness&lt;/em&gt; (not literally though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T00:29:00.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="250" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:34:12.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most likely answer is &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt;. In castillian, passive voice is rarely used except in articles for the media or some other not-casual language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T00:34:12.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="259" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:41:41.167" Score="2" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Maná's song &quot;El Verdadero Amor Perdona&quot; one of the verses contains the lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cómo pude haberte yo herido / engañarte y ofendido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd think it should be &quot;Como pude haberte yo herido / engañado y ofendido&quot; (which would fit the song just as well). Why is &quot;engañarte&quot; used instead of &quot;engañado&quot;? Is it proper grammar or stylistic variation for the song?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; And if it is stylistic, is there any equivalent or similar usage in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T00:56:10.123" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:25:27.450" Title="Infinitive instead of past participle in Maná's &quot;El Verdadero Amor Perdona&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="258" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:51:53.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think those lines can be divided like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo pude haberte yo herido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo pude engañarte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo pude haberte yo ofendido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:25:27.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="258" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:55:02.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Stylistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo pude haberte yo herido, engañarte y ofendido =&amp;gt; Cómo pude haberte yo herido, cómo&#xA;pude engañarte, cómo pude haberte ofendido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo pude haberte yo herido, engañado y ofendido =&amp;gt; Cómo pude haberte yo herido, cómo pude&#xA;haberte yo engañado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T00:59:31.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="262" CreationDate="2011-11-17T01:00:43.063" Score="8" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading a book, and someone asked me, &quot;¿Qué estás leyendo?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered, &quot;Estoy leyendo &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The person looked at me funny, but seemed to understand what I said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking back, it makes sense that &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; was the wrong choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to say &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; as a non-physical preposition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T01:10:35.087" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T01:50:58.973" Title="How can I tell someone what I'm reading about?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="261" CreationDate="2011-11-17T01:04:34.437" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &lt;em&gt;acerca de&lt;/em&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T01:04:34.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="266" CreationDate="2011-11-17T01:53:47.567" Score="7" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_prepositions#Compound_prepositions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; mentions that &lt;em&gt;para con&lt;/em&gt; is rarely used, but I hear it often enough to warrant this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the Wikipedia article references the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; with respect to the use of &lt;em&gt;a por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is the compound preposition &lt;em&gt;para con&lt;/em&gt; preferable to just using &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T08:08:18.757" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T04:54:11.830" Title="Usage of the compound preposition &quot;para con&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="311" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:29:42.270" Score="3" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco aprendí que el origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=algarab%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;algarabía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la pronunciación de &lt;em&gt;árabe&lt;/em&gt; en la lengua árabe. Otro ejemplo notable es la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=morisqueta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;morisqueta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otras palabras o frases de común uso actualmente cuyo origen prejuiciado no es evidente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not long ago I learned that the origin of the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=algarab%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;algarabía&lt;/a&gt; is the pronunciaction of &lt;em&gt;Arabic&lt;/em&gt; in the Arabic language. Another example is the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=morisqueta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;morisqueta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other words or phrases currently in common use whose prejudiced origin is not evident?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T20:32:48.243" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T11:36:13.600" Title="Words and phrases with non-evident prejudice" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="263" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:41:08.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jaime, there's simply no rule or case when &lt;em&gt;para con&lt;/em&gt; is preferable than &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;  or simply &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that &lt;em&gt;para con&lt;/em&gt; is just a formal preposition combination (I'll agree that rarely used), but its emphatic meaning make it well suited for its use within legal documents (just to super-clarify). Anyway, you can just use &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en relación a&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T02:41:08.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="237" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:47:51.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Context translation of your phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Absolutamente todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mean about some food it's common to just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con todo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you want your hamburger with all the ingredients you say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una hamburguesa con todo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T02:47:51.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="273" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:52:58.280" Score="19" ViewCount="10135" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the proper placement of the inverted question mark in sentences that are not completely questions?  A common example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hello, how are you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿)Hola, (¿)cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's great, isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿)Eso es maravilloso, (¿)verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe I have seen both forms.  Is one preferred over the other? And if the latter form is preferred, how does this affect punctuation before the inverted question mark?  Should the previous phrase be turned into a stand-alone sentence with proper ending punctuation, or is it okay to use a comma? Likewise, should the second phrase be considered a separate sentence, and therefore capitalized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T21:34:31.370" Title="Proper placement of inverted question mark" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="249" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:54:26.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Future subjunctive is deprecated but not unused. See for example legal documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are writing a legal statement for the winner of the lottery you could write something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquel que haya comprado la boleta cuyo número es el número resultado del sorteo, será el ganador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wich translates: one who buy the ticket with the  winner number will be the winner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see a strictly need that force its use but again, its commonly used (to clarify and enforce a conditional future).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T02:54:26.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2011-11-17T02:55:48.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am familiar with two examples on non-standard pronunciation of &lt;strong&gt;rr&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The dialect spoken near Bogotá, although the non-standard pronunciation of &lt;strong&gt;rr&lt;/strong&gt; has declined in the city itself. See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_bogotano#Fonolog.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish or a &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;js=n&amp;amp;prev=_t&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;layout=2&amp;amp;eotf=1&amp;amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fes.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEspa%25C3%25B1ol_bogotano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;translation attempt&lt;/a&gt; by Google.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Rican_Spanish#phonetics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Costa Rican Spanish&lt;/a&gt; also features a non-standard pronunciation of &lt;strong&gt;rr&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T02:55:48.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-17T03:06:01.357" Score="1" ViewCount="629" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there American style TV shows that could be used to practice listening Spanish.  By American style I mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each episode around 30 minutes in length  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Although it helps to watch them in sequence, each episode has its own plot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I understand list questions are generally &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/34/are-questions-about-learning-spanish-on-topic/46#46&quot;&gt;frowned upon&lt;/a&gt;; however, these could be used to both practice listening comprehension as well as provide exposure to various cultural references.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Names of specific shows (possibly country of origin) would be very helpful as part of the answer.  This is one of those areas where if you don't know what you're looking for Google can be somewhat unfriendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T07:58:24.297" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:58:30.390" Title="American style TV shows in Spanish" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T07:58:34.423" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="268" CreationDate="2011-11-17T03:11:23.713" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish suggests the open question mark but modern Spanish doesn't enforce its use. Anyway, be careful where it goes. Using your examples, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, ¿cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso es maravilloso, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't use the open question mark at the beginning because the entire sentence is not a question, actually &lt;em&gt;Hola&lt;/em&gt; (within a greeting) is an exclamation, so the proper (and strict) way is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answering your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's kind of 'well-written' if you use opening question marks. But it is not strictly necessary UNLESS you are writing legal documents (then it's a must).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it affects the punctuation. For this purpose you can just see the ¿ and ? as dots.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In examples like yours it's not strictly necessary to use a comma but it's recommended UNLESS you are ending previous sentence with exclamation (as within &lt;em&gt;¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Considering the second phrase as separate sentence depends on the context, but take care of the capitalization. You capitalize only if it's considered as a separate sentence or if is preceded by an exclamation or another question mark.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola! ¿Cómo te ha ido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates as &quot;Hi, how you doing?&quot;, and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso es correcto, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates as &quot;That's true, right?&quot;. In this case, &quot;right&quot; is interpreted within the context and therefore doesn't get capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T17:23:33.917" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T17:23:33.917" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="272" CreationDate="2011-11-17T03:14:35.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered the translated version of an actual American style show? I would consider &quot;Los Simpson&quot; if I were you...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although no cultural references. This TV format (30 minutes) is not so popular as far as I know in Latin America. TV series are mostly 1 hour long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="129" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T03:14:35.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="268" CreationDate="2011-11-17T03:16:01.403" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper use of the inverted question mark is always at the beginning of the sentence. The example you provided would actually be : Hola! ¿Como esta? It would be considered two separate sentences as &quot;Hola&quot; is traditional greeting and therefore makes a statement, Como esta? is the actual question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The inversion also holds true in the placement of the exclamation point as well, one inverted at the beginning of the sentence &amp;amp; one at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T18:59:45.443" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T18:59:45.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="272" CreationDate="2011-11-17T03:18:37.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Soap operas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Japanese and English (both native speakers) teachers once told me that is an incredible way to improve your listening skills and learn some of the culture of the country. This also works with others languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T03:18:37.663" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="252" CreationDate="2011-11-17T05:09:04.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Rio Grande Valley as well as Mexico, many people have trouble making the distinction in pronouncion so, we say: B de Burro Y V de Vaca, thus effecting the clarification between a donkey and a cow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T05:09:04.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="61" CreationDate="2011-11-17T05:17:36.557" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; means either &quot;what&quot; or &quot;that&quot; as in a preposition; &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;of what&quot;, as in origin of something and is more of a directional designation of the origin of an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T22:58:23.307" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T22:58:23.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="272" CreationDate="2011-11-17T05:39:24.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your best bet would be to go to your menu setting and set your subtitle to Spanish so that your audio is in English and the printed subtitle is in Spanish. Also try this with one of your favorite movies, the one you have seen so many times you have lost count, you know the one!  Watch it first all in English, Then with subtitles, Then change your settings so your SAP ( Second Audio Program) is changed to Spanish with your subtitle in Spanish so that you are using both your audio &amp;amp; visual motor skills both at the same time. Repeat this with same program repeatedly. That should serve your purpose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T05:39:24.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="285" CreationDate="2011-11-17T05:44:03.817" Score="16" ViewCount="225959" Body="&lt;h3&gt; Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al escribir siempre he tenido la duda de cuál es la manera apropiada del término o frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni si quiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nisiquiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt; English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When writing I've always worred about which is the appropriate way for this term or phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one of the following is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni si quiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nisiquiera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="93" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T23:46:06.923" Title="Forma correcta de &quot;nisiquiera&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="286" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:24:16.853" Score="6" ViewCount="1617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always used &quot;faltar&quot; to mean &quot;to lack, to be missing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in my reading I find that &quot;carecer&quot; seems to mean exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When should I use the one or the other? Are there some differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T17:36:53.063" Title="How to choose between &quot;carecer&quot; and &quot;faltar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="282" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:38:25.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an adverbial locution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* given that &lt;em&gt;siquiera&lt;/em&gt; is a word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T18:17:10.117" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T18:17:10.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="282" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:38:45.987" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es &lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/strong&gt; según Word Reference. Aquí está el porqué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/siquiera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. ad. Bien que,aunque:&#xA;    sé valiente,siquiera sea por una vez.&#xA;    ♦ A veces se omite el verbo ser: deberías llamarlo,siquiera por gratitud.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. c. y m. Por lo menos,al menos. Se usa en contextos afirmativos:&#xA;    permíteme siquiera que te lleve una bolsa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ni tan solo. Se usa en contextos negativos,para intensificarlos:&#xA;    no quiso siquiera mirarme a la cara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/strong&gt; loc. adv. siquiera: no me pagó ni siquiera los atrasos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/ni&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. cop. Enlace coordinante con valor negativo,generalmente precedido de otra negación:&#xA;    no quiero este ni aquel;&#xA;    ni lo sé ni me interesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ni que Como si:&#xA;    ¡ni que fuera tonto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni (siquiera)&lt;/strong&gt; Expresión enfática para negar o para indicar el grado extremo de algo:&#xA;    eso no te lo crees ni (siquiera) tú;&#xA;    ¡no puedo verlo ni (siquiera) en pintura!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; es para enfatizar lo que siquiera quiere decir (&lt;strong&gt;ni tan solo&lt;/strong&gt;) es para intensificar un contexto negativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, la pregunta era simple y me puse a divagar: se escribe &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ni siquiera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T23:46:06.923" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T23:46:06.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="283" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:45:23.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They mean almost the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carecer = Tener falta de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Faltar = Consumirse, acabar, fallecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;em&gt;carecer&lt;/em&gt; its used followed by the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; so if you want to say (i.e.) I don't have any money, you just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;carezco de dinero&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying that is like saying that you don't have it AT ALL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt; is reflexive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me falta algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;te falta algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nos falta algo, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me falta dinero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't mean you don't have it at all, It means you have some but not the amount you need or want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T06:45:23.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="283" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:47:22.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a subtle difference between the two. Allow me to explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faltar&lt;/strong&gt; is indeed when something is missing. &quot;Me falta tiempo&quot; &lt;em&gt;I lack the time&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carecer&lt;/strong&gt; is rather something that you never had. Something you don't have. Sort of. For instance: &quot;Rodrigo carece de paciencia&quot; &lt;em&gt;Rodrigo has a lack of patience&lt;/em&gt; || &lt;em&gt;Rodrigo has no patience&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Word Reference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/carecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;carecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. No poseer algo, tener falta de algo.&#xA;    ♦ Se construye con la prep. de: carecen de escrúpulos. Irreg. Se conj. como agradecer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/faltar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;faltar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. No existir una cosa, no haber, carecer de ella:&#xA;    aquí falta un radiador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No estar alguien o algo donde debería:&#xA;    me falta la cartera del bolso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No acudir a una cita u obligación:&#xA;    faltó a la reunión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ausentarse o estar ausente:&#xA;    falta de su casa desde hace quince días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Quedar tiempo para que algo ocurra o se realice:&#xA;    faltan tres meses para las vacaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No cumplir con algo que se expresa:&#xA;    faltó a su promesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No tratar a alguien con la consideración o respeto debidos:&#xA;    faltó a su padre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡no faltaba o faltaría más! loc. De ninguna manera:&#xA;    ¿que le ayude después de lo que me ha hecho?, sí, hombre, ¡faltaría más!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. Sin duda, por supuesto:&#xA;    -¿podría ayudarme? -¡no faltaba más!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that faltar has much more connotations depending on the context. They are very alike. Falta is used too when someone is at fault, whether morally or physically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He was disrespectful&#xA;&#xA;Me faltó al respeto&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T07:08:30.203" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T07:08:30.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="289" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:47:52.230" Score="8" ViewCount="3988" Body="&lt;p&gt;This evening a friend saw a poster in English that said something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you have only one chance at opportunity, make it count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She asked me what it meant. She knew enough English to make out the words, but &quot;hacerlo contar&quot; didn't make sense to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I translate &quot;make it count&quot; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T07:42:22.077" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T15:32:02.973" Title="How to translate &quot;make it count&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="288" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:49:58.670" Score="14" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haz que valga la pena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually its a very common sentence :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T06:49:58.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="268" CreationDate="2011-11-17T06:56:53.487" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both the &lt;code&gt;¿?&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;¡!&lt;/code&gt; signs encapsulate statements that make an exclamation or a question or both. Both signs have the same rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the usage of both it is very important to have the following considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They have to be used at the beginning and the end of the statement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is mandatory in spanish to use them. It will not be ignored as in the spelling of other languages that use only the ending mark because they have other grammatical rules that help identify the beginning of the statement (question or exclamation)&#xA;For example in spanish you can ask: &lt;code&gt;¿Estás comiendo en el restaurante?&lt;/code&gt; and the equivalent in english would be &lt;code&gt;Are you eating at the restaurant?&lt;/code&gt; in this case in english you have the word order that lets you know that it is a question. You can formulate exactly the same sentence in spanish &lt;code&gt;Estás comiendo en el restaurante.&lt;/code&gt; that would have another meaning and tone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You never put a point at the end of the statement. The question or exclamation mark already delimits the end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was implemented in 1754 on the second edition of &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la real academia&lt;/em&gt; because there are many cases in which you can't tell if the statement is a question or not, even if the ending has a mark, you won't know where the question begins. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana se fue de la casa muy tarde y después se fue a donde sus amigos por la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case what is the question? did Susana left the house late? Did she go to her friends house? Did she go at night?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible Fix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana se fue de la casa muy tarde, después, ¿se fue a donde sus amigos por la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other alternative fixes. But I'm too lazy to write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Please remember that is important to know that these are statements when inside a sentence, and sentences when on their own!!!&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Statement form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Susana, ¿has decidido qué vas a hacer?&#xA;Pepe, ¡cuánto me alegro de que hayas venido!&#xA;Si no responde, ¿qué le vamos a decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Has decidido qué vas a hacer, Susana?&#xA;¡Cuánto me alegro de que hayas venido, Pepe!&#xA;¿Qué le vamos a decir si no responde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other uses for the inverted question marks, for instance to express irony or doubt, but in those cases it is mandatory the use of parentheses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José Pérez Segovia es el presidente (?) de la asociación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tendría mucha gracia (?) que llegara a la cita con un día de retraso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And exclamation marks to express surprise or irony:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un joven de treinta y seis años (!) fue el ganador del concurso de composición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está más gordo que nunca, pero dice que sólo pesa ochenta kilos (!) en la báscula de su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone finds better examples don't hesitate to edit the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addressing your specific questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no preference between the statement form and the sentence form. There must always be a comma before the Question in a statement form, or it will change the tone of the sentence. Contrary to what Randolf said. The comma is required if the question is in a statement form, you can read the sources for a more specific explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is okay to use the comma, but you can also make it a stand alone sentence. Like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es maravilloso. ¿Verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.profesorenlinea.cl/castellano/SignoInterrogExclam.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Profesor en línea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uamenlinea.uam.mx/materiales/lengua/puntuacion/html/inter.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uso de los signos de exclamación e interrogación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signo_de_puntuaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Signos de puntuación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T20:05:52.557" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="291" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="293" CreationDate="2011-11-17T10:44:09.867" Score="8" ViewCount="2193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only know &quot;dar&quot; in its literal sense of &quot;to give&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I know &quot;conocer&quot; in its literal sense of &quot;to know&quot; or &quot;to get to know&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in reading &lt;em&gt;Cien años de soledad&lt;/em&gt; I came to this passage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... y con un grande alboroto de pitos y timbales &lt;strong&gt;daban a conocer&lt;/strong&gt; los nuevos inventos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally &quot;dar a conocer&quot; would be &quot;to give to know&quot;, which doesn't make much sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not only do I not know what it means but I don't know how to parse it. Is &quot;dar a&quot; an idiom or set phrase? Or is &quot;dar a conocer&quot; an idiom or set phrase? Or is it some auxiliary usage of &quot;dar&quot; that I don't know about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked up both &quot;dar&quot; and &quot;conocer&quot; in my Gran Larouuse bilingual dictionary to no avail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How should I parse and understand what's going on in &quot;dar a conocer&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T10:54:48.553" Title="How to interpret &quot;dar a&quot; or &quot;dar a conocer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="294" CreationDate="2011-11-17T10:52:06.290" Score="14" ViewCount="3785" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;ya&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has additional meanings besides simply &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;now&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;already&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But considering just the sense of &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;ya&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; which does mean &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;now&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, when should I use it and when should I use &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which only has the sense &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;now&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there some rules, subtleties, or differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-16T16:02:48.130" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T21:44:28.127" Title="How to decide between &quot;ahora&quot; and &quot;ya&quot; for the sense &quot;now&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="291" CreationDate="2011-11-17T10:54:48.553" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand the difficulty. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dar a conocer&lt;/strong&gt; is actually an idiom or a figure of speech that is always interpreted as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;To make it known&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This same figure can also be used as &lt;strong&gt;Dar a saber&lt;/strong&gt; which has the same meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case the translation of your passage would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... y con un grande alboroto de pitos y timbales daban a conocer los nuevos inventos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... and with great show and noise they &lt;strong&gt;made&lt;/strong&gt; their new inventions &lt;strong&gt;known&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T10:54:48.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="292" CreationDate="2011-11-17T11:02:43.760" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are indeed some differences between the two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ahora&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahora.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De agora).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. A esta hora, en este momento, en el tiempo actual o presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Poco tiempo ha. Ahora me lo han dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Dentro de poco tiempo. Ahora te lo diré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Am. hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;conj. distrib. Ahora hable de ciencias, ahora de artes, siempre es atinado su juicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;conj. advers. Pero, sin embargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ya&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. iam).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Denota el tiempo pasado. Ya hemos hablado de esto más de una vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Inmediatamente, ahora mismo. U. t. en sent. enfático. Aumento de salarios, ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. En el tiempo presente, haciendo relación al pasado. Era muy rico, pero ya es pobre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. En tiempo u ocasión futura. Ya nos veremos. Ya se hará eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Finalmente o últimamente. Ya es preciso tomar una resolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Luego, inmediatamente. U. cuando se responde a quien llama. Ya voy. Ya van.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. U. como conjunción distributiva. Ya en la milicia, ya en las letras. Ya con gozo, ya con dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. U. para conceder o apoyar lo que nos dicen. Ya se ve. Ya entiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya, as you said is &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;already&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora has some other subtleties, ahora also means &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;already&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya is more immediate, in this precise moment in time. Ahora can mean in the close future, or something that is in the process of being done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally ahora can be used as a conjunction for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, Even though, nonetheless...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the main difference between the two is that ya is in the &lt;strong&gt;PAST&lt;/strong&gt;, and ahora may be in the &lt;strong&gt;PRESENT&lt;/strong&gt; or in the &lt;strong&gt;FUTURE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora vamos al cine, espero que vengas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are going to the cinema, I hope you come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora mismo&lt;/strong&gt; means right now, that would be adjusting the meaning for the immediate present, it makes an emphasis with mismo, making it even more immediate than ya. &lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;ahora mismo&lt;/strong&gt; mean almost the same thing, but there is a nuance. &lt;strong&gt;Ahora mismo&lt;/strong&gt; has a sense and tone of urgency with no need of exclamation marks. But IMHO if ya has the exclamation marks then it would be the equivalent as ahora mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ahora mismo != ya&#xA;Ahora mismo == ¡Ya!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;ahorita&lt;/strong&gt; can mean many things and is mostly used in slang. What are these many things well, ahorita is specific of time, you can't say &amp;quot;ahorita que&amp;quot; (okay actually you can but it sounds horribly awkward), usually ahorita can mean in the close future. In 10 or 5 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahorita voy a lavar mi ropa mamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will go soon to wash my clothes mom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T12:16:22.023" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="296" CreationDate="2011-11-17T11:09:36.033" Score="5" ViewCount="627" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we have the two words &quot;dawn&quot; and &quot;sunrise&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spanish there are three words, &quot;alborada&quot;, &quot;amanecer&quot;, and &quot;madrugada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do the three Spanish words refer to the same thing? Or is one closer to &quot;sunrise&quot; and another close to &quot;dawn&quot;? In which case where would the third fit in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-12-01T11:08:02.893" Title="Do &quot;alborada&quot;, &quot;amanecer&quot;, and &quot;madrugada&quot; refer to the same thing?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="295" CreationDate="2011-11-17T11:39:51.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alborada&quot; and &quot;amanecer&quot; are two different words that refer to &quot;sunrise&quot;. &quot;Anochecer&quot; and &quot;atardecer&quot; are used for the dusk, but &quot;anochecer&quot; is used near the night, whilst &quot;atardecer&quot; is used in the afternoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Madrugada&quot; is the time between 00.00 and 06.00 aprox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/atardecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Atardecer @ RAE&quot;&gt;atardecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/anochecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Anochecer @ RAE&quot;&gt;anochecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/alborada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Alborada @ RAE&quot;&gt;alborada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/amanecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Amanecer @ RAE&quot;&gt;amanecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/madrugada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Madrugada @ RAE&quot;&gt;madrugada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-12-01T11:08:02.893" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="292" CreationDate="2011-11-17T14:01:31.147" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Briefly, &quot;ya&quot; means &quot;up to now,&quot; (the past and the immediate present), while &quot;ahora&quot; means &quot;now and in the near future.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T14:01:31.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="300" CreationDate="2011-11-17T14:40:23.420" Score="7" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the novel &lt;em&gt;Los años con Laura Diaz&lt;/em&gt; by top Mexican author Carlos Fuentes there is a word, &quot;barrocanrolera&quot;, which is not in the DRAE, the Gran diccionario Larousse, Wiktionary, or Google Translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... expendios de comida rápida, complejos de salas cinematográficas, la variedad &lt;strong&gt;barrocanrolera&lt;/strong&gt; de la gran ciudad de Los Angeles, y sin embargo, en la mente del joven fotógrafo biznieto de Laura Díaz ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a known word or one Fuentes made up? What could it mean? How might we convey its meaning in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T14:49:07.847" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T14:49:07.847" Title="What does &quot;barrocanrolera&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="303" CreationDate="2011-11-17T14:42:36.570" Score="14" ViewCount="2678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Que oso!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used to express embarrassment by a former acquaintance from Colombia, but I have never met another Spanish speaker who uses this expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this a common expression? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If so, can the &quot;oso&quot; terminology used in other ways, to say for example, &quot;Don't embarrass me&quot;, or &quot;I don't like to be embarrassed&quot;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T14:52:57.623" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T14:52:57.623" Title="Usage of &quot;oso&quot; to express embarrassment" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="298" CreationDate="2011-11-17T14:46:00.587" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a juxtaposition of barroca and rocanrolera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Barroco as plenty of adornments (luxury)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rocanrolera as plenty of rock &amp;amp; roll&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T14:46:00.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="299" CreationDate="2011-11-17T14:53:00.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this expression is primarily used by Mexican people, I never heard it anywhere else.  It is very common among them (you just need to take a look at the great amount of available Mexican TV programs), but other than them, you won't hear it used anywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T09:20:30.767" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T09:20:30.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26212" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:05:07.310" Score="10" ViewCount="1219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was in Panama about five years ago and there was a common deep fried street food called &quot;biñuelo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there's a regular Spanish word &quot;buñuelo&quot; which means fritter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is &quot;biñuelo&quot; just the Panamanian regionalism for &quot;buñuelo&quot; or do they have both words and use them for slightly different things? It's common enough in Panama to see that it's not just a rare misspelling or mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or could &quot;biñuelo&quot; involve some kind of wordplay or have a totally different origin to &quot;buñuelo&quot; and just be similar by coincidence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where does &quot;biñuelo&quot; come from and how does it relate to &quot;buñuelo&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(It's not in the DRAE or other dictionaries I've checked but it's easy to find via Google, especially in the plural.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T10:04:35.357" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T15:22:37.033" Title="What's the origin of the Panamanian word &quot;biñuelo&quot;? Is it merely a corruption of &quot;buñuelo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;panamá&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="299" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:12:21.250" Score="15" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's a common Mexican expression but it's informal. Used among friends, more often used by female speakers than male speakers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &quot;oso&quot; must be accompanied by the &quot;Que&quot; (Que oso) and it means: &quot;That is/was embarrassing&quot; or &quot;This is/was embarrassing&quot; depending of the context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short the phrase is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Que oso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &lt;strong&gt;oso&lt;/strong&gt; by itself doesn't mean embarrassed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just remembered that there is another popular phrase that includes the word &quot;oso&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hiciste el oso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You made a fool of yourself (Hiciste el ridículo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hice el oso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made a fool of myself (Hice el ridículo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-05T10:52:52.857" LastActivityDate="2015-09-05T10:52:52.857" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="343" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:15:49.703" Score="10" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;People in the Basque country commonly use local words, such as &lt;em&gt;agur&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to our former Spanish teacher, usage of &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; is unadvisable in the Basque country because of its negative connotations: this usage was allegedly associated with Franco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mentioned this theory a couple of times when talking with students from Vizcaya, but neither of them seemed to be aware of it. After all, they were from a younger generation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; have negative connotations for the Basque people today? If so, why exactly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T15:22:56.223" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T12:49:27.487" Title="Usage of &quot;adiós&quot; in the Basque country" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="371" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:26:32.480" Score="5" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the hit novel &lt;em&gt;Mala honda&lt;/em&gt; by Chilean author Alberto Fuguet I remember the word &amp;quot;bomb&amp;quot; being used a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's obviously a slang word. I think it was only used in dialogue. I got the impression it was there to set the tone of the period, which is the very early 1980s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez fui a su casa, me acuerdo a hacer un trabajo. El impacto fue duro, no pude dormir, quedé &lt;strong&gt;bomb&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regresar a Chile, loco, a este puterío rasca, &lt;strong&gt;bomb&lt;/strong&gt;, con los milicos por todos lados y la repre, las mentes chatas, es más que heavy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me siento detrás de ellos, mis ojos enfrentando el estacionamiento, mis oídos enfrentando a estos dos clones de Jerry Lewis en su etapa más &lt;strong&gt;bomb&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So how widespread is or was the term &amp;quot;bomb&amp;quot;? Just '80s Chile or beyond?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus question, what does it mean? Just &amp;quot;cool&amp;quot; or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:21:19.767" Title="Was the word &quot;bomb&quot; only used as slang in Chile and only in the '80s?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:30:26.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, it's seen as a forced goodbye (as &lt;em&gt;Go away!&lt;/em&gt;). That's why its use isn't encouraged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="126" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T16:50:04.750" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T16:50:04.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="302" CreationDate="2011-11-17T15:31:26.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just a deformation (pretty common in the jargon of Caribbean countries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T15:31:26.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="249" CreationDate="2011-11-17T16:29:49.990" Score="9" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;futuro simple de subjuntivo&quot; es un tiempo verbal cuya función es expresar una acción que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aún no ocurre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay alguna posibilidad de que ocurra en el futuro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas características no son posibles de expresar por ningún otro tiempo verbal de manera directa, y para acercarse a ello, necesitarían algunos adverbios o adicionales o simplemente hacer uso del contexto de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a las características de este tiempo verbal, es ampliamente usado en textos legales y documentos, debido a que ellos necesitan ser tan precisos y concisos como sea posible (entre otros requisitos, por supuesto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es utilizado ampliamente en el habla común, y a veces es visto en novelas y otros textos escritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces es confundido con el &quot;pretérito simple de subjuntivo&quot; porque tienen terminaciones similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajare (futuro simple de subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajase / Trabajara (pretérito simple de subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La importancia de este tiempo verbal puede ser apreciada al comparar las siguientes oraciones (ejemplo tomado desde: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.delcastellano.com/2009/08/06/el-futuro-imperfecto-del-subjuntivo-un-tiempo-olvidado/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.delcastellano.com&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;matare&lt;/strong&gt; al rey [...] será castigado [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;mate&lt;/strong&gt; al rey [...] será castigado [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera, se puede ver claramente el hecho que no es seguro que el rey sea asesinado, es sólo una posibilidad. Pero en la segunda, podemos leer que el rey sí será asesinado, tarde o temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He usado el &quot;futuro simple de subjuntivo&quot; porque hay otro tiempo verbal llamado &quot;futuro perfecto de subjuntivo&quot; que se forma con la ayuda del verbo &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajare (futuro simple de subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hubiere trabajado (futuro perfecto de subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;simple future subjunctive&quot; is a verbal tense whose function is to express some action that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasn't happened yet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There's some possibility that it will happen in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These features aren't expressed by any other verbal tense in a direct way, and in order to approach to it, they should need some additional adverbs or just simply use the context of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the features of this verbal tense, it is widely used by legal texts and documents, cause they need to be as precise and concise as possible (among other requirements, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not widely used in common speech, and is seldom used in novels and other written texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it's confused with &quot;simple preterit subjunctive&quot; (&lt;em&gt;pretérito simple de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;) because they have similar endings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajare (simple future subjunctive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajase / Trabajara (simple preterit subjunctive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The importance of this verbal tense may be expressed comparing the following sentences (example taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.delcastellano.com/2009/08/06/el-futuro-imperfecto-del-subjuntivo-un-tiempo-olvidado/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.delcastellano.com&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;matare&lt;/strong&gt; al rey [...] será castigado [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;mate&lt;/strong&gt; al rey [...] será castigado [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first one, we may see clearly that the fact of the King being killed is not sure, it's just a possibility. But in the second one, we may read that the king will be killed, for sure sooner or later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used &quot;simple future subjunctive&quot; (&lt;em&gt;futuro simple de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;), because there is another verbal tense called &quot;perfect future subjunctive&quot; (&lt;em&gt;futuro perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;) that is formed with the help of the verb &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajare (simple future subjunctive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hubiere trabajado (perfect future subjunctive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T19:14:51.973" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T19:14:51.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="318" CreationDate="2011-11-17T16:44:43.447" Score="6" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the phrase &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;La mamá de Tarzán&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; when reading &lt;em&gt;Los años con Laura Díaz&lt;/em&gt; by top Mexican author Carlos Fuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part of the book was set in the early part of the 20th century if I recall correctly and immediately made me think of English phrases like &amp;quot;the bees knees&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;the cat's pyjamas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But was it used right across the Spanish speaking world or just in Mexico? Was it just in fashion for a few years and then disappeared or do people still say it today? &lt;strong&gt;How widespread was it, or is it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the expression in its context in the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;―Yeah, I'm the cat's pijamas ―repitió Dantón que ella de una comedia de cine americano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;―Oigan, muchachos éste se las sabe todas. He's the bee's knees! ¡Es &lt;strong&gt;la mamá de Tarzán&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;―Cómo no, Yo Colón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see it's complicated by being in a mixed Spanish/English context with wordplay and including both &amp;quot;bees knees&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;cat's pajamas&amp;quot; so it could be equivalent to those, but it could also be that they are using all three phrases to refer to somebody who thinks they are the best of the best. Which would give it two meanings maybe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-15T01:12:01.710" Title="How widespread was (or is) the phrase &quot;La mamá de Tarzán&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="265" CreationDate="2011-11-17T16:51:17.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;tanto de palabras como de expresiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mostrar_la_hilacha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mostrar la hilacha&lt;/a&gt; es el primero que me viene a la mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T16:51:17.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="313" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="473" CreationDate="2011-11-17T17:06:45.023" Score="24" ViewCount="1618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often struggle to decide what sounds right when I need to use direct object pronouns. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/dopro3.htm&quot;&gt;Lessons on these pronouns&lt;/a&gt; have not been much help because they teach that when using a direct object pronoun it is okay to either leave it on its own or attach it to the infinitive, and &quot;neither method is 'better' than the other&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo quiero ver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Quiero verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In simple examples like this, I can see how both ways sound ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in longer statements, especially negative ones, I often find myself stumbling if I try to say the version with the pronoun out front. For example, I find the second version much easier to say in this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan no lo necesita lavar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan no necesita lavarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&quot;&gt;indirect object pronouns&lt;/a&gt; too, I think I often prefer the second version where everything is attached to the infinitive:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te lo quiero decir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No quiero decírtelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native speaker, so I might just find one way hard to say and don't have enough exposure to tell what sounds right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know: In what ways are the styles not exactly the same? For example, is one way more common in speech or in writing? Does it vary for the short or the complicated examples? Is there a reason you choose one way or the other (sounds more formal or friendly, makes the point better)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="126" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:42:08.387" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T11:23:25.363" Title="How do I know whether to attach a direct object pronoun to the infinitive?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="310" CreationDate="2011-11-17T17:31:20.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google Trends doesn't think the phrase &quot;La mamá de Tarzán&quot; exists in any notable way, nor the phrase &quot;the cat's pajamas.&quot; It does &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/trends?q=the+bees+knees&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;show a graph for &quot;the bees knees.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A google search for the phrase 'la mamá de Tarán' does show a number of results, including a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/columnas/86936.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;news article comparing Fox, Calderon, and &quot;la mamá de Tarzán&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also a notable enough phrase that it has been &lt;a href=&quot;http://freelunchforlife.com/2009/05/30/foreign-phrases-la-mama-de-tarzan/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;written about elsewhere&lt;/a&gt;. Apparently &quot;La mamá de King Kong&quot; works as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary translates &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/la_mam%C3%A1_de_Tarz%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la mamá de Tarzán&lt;/a&gt; to mean &quot;the bee's knees.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a folk/comedy a song entitled &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZwRteBIKJk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Mamá de Tarzán&lt;/a&gt; (with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nomorelyrics.net/el_mastuerzo-lyrics/152200-la_mamandaacute_de_tarzandaacuten-lyrics.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lyrics&lt;/a&gt;). (My favorite lyric of the song would have to be: &lt;em&gt;hasta sientes que los pedos no te huelen&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's even a web site called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lamamadetarzan.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LamamadeTarzan: Intelegencía Colectíva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It sounds like it's a common enough phrase, but that many people would only understand its meaning based on context.  Even so, I think I'll have to start using the phrase now. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usage:&lt;/strong&gt; From context, it seems the proper usage is to compare a person to &lt;em&gt;la mamá de Tarzán&lt;/em&gt;, as a way of saying the person has super-human capabilities.  Perhaps it is also used to describe things in a similar way (the Wiktionary entry that @hippietrail influenced would seem to be evidence of this.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T20:14:15.603" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T20:14:15.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="317" CreationDate="2011-11-17T17:34:30.213" Score="9" ViewCount="10941" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that there are (at least) three types of &lt;em&gt;personal&lt;/em&gt; pronouns in Spanish (well, and English): direct, indirect, and reflexive. In cases where all three (or at least two) are present, what is the correct ordering of these pronouns? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; is this the correct ordering of these pronouns? That is, is there a reason that the order is...whatever it is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-03T19:26:14.890" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T19:26:14.890" Title="What is the correct order of object pronouns?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="316" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="320" CreationDate="2011-11-17T17:40:57.437" Score="15" ViewCount="1956" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que los musulmanes, cuando conquistaron España, impactaron en gran medida al idioma. Hay palabras en español que son prestadas (y ahora forman parte del idioma). ¿Existe algún método para identificar estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that the Muslims, when they conquered Spain, impacted the language greatly. There are words in Spanish that are borrowed (and now are a part of the language). Is there a method by which a person can identify these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-02T13:24:45.327" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T13:24:45.327" Title="¿Cómo se pueden identificar palabras de origen árabe en español?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;árabe&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="315" CreationDate="2011-11-17T18:16:37.490" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct order can be remembered by the acronym &lt;strong&gt;RID&lt;/strong&gt; (as in, &quot;I need to get &lt;em&gt;RID&lt;/em&gt; of this confusion about pronouns!&quot;) for &lt;strong&gt;reflexive, indirect, direct&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All three pronouns can't appear together, but two can in the following combinations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive-Indirect:&lt;/strong&gt; Se me olvidó. (&quot;I forgot.&quot; or literally &quot;It forgot itself to me.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive-Direct:&lt;/strong&gt; Me lo pongo. (&quot;I put it on.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indirect-Direct:&lt;/strong&gt; Me lo dio. (&quot;He gave it to me.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember the &lt;strong&gt;la-la rule&lt;/strong&gt;: if both pronouns start with the letter &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, change the first pronoun to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; it is how it is, I wasn't able to find anything. This is most likely part of the natural evolution of a language over time, as opposed to an instance of grammarians sitting down and deciding on a rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T19:06:53.603" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T19:06:53.603" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="310" CreationDate="2011-11-17T18:41:19.913" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;While looking for some example uses on Amazon I unexpectedly found the phrase in a book on Costa Rican Spanish - including a definition!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Official Guide to Costa Rican Spanish&lt;/em&gt; by Christopher Howard (2010)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Creerse la mamá de Tarzan - To be conceited&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So at least this sense is not at all what I expected like &quot;the bee's knees&quot; or &quot;the cat's whiskers&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I do know a great idiomatic translation that works in Australian English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Who does she think she is - Lady Muck?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T18:41:19.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="337" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:07:07.677" Score="14" ViewCount="16140" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to indicate a future action, &lt;em&gt;ir a «infinitive»&lt;/em&gt; and the future tense.  How do I decide which to use when?  Is one form more common when spoken or in writing?  Is there a regional preference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T07:41:30.333" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T16:29:24.497" Title="&quot;ir a «infinitive»&quot; vs. future tense" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="316" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:08:37.420" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some &lt;strong&gt;clues&lt;/strong&gt; that help spot words that &lt;strong&gt;may&lt;/strong&gt; be of Arabic origin and there are some lists on the Internet but &lt;strong&gt;there's no guaranteed method other than looking up the etymology of each word&lt;/strong&gt; to know for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest clue is words beginning with &lt;em&gt;al-&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;ál-&lt;/em&gt;), which in Arabic is the definite article &quot;the&quot; / &quot;el&quot; / &quot;la&quot;, but generally gets fused into the words when they become naturalized into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's only a clue. Some Spanish words beginning with &lt;em&gt;al-&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ál-&lt;/em&gt; are not from Arabic such as &lt;em&gt;alga&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alzar&lt;/em&gt; from Latin, and other words from Arabic don't start with &lt;em&gt;al-&lt;/em&gt; at all, including &lt;em&gt;guitarra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;toronja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There's an appendix of such terms on the English Wiktionary: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix%3aArabic_influence_on_Spanish&quot;&gt;Appendix:Arabic influence on Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There's also a category that links all such words on the English Wiktionary that have well-formatted etymology sections: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category%3aSpanish_terms_derived_from_Arabic&quot;&gt;Category:Spanish terms derived from Arabic&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The English Wikipedia has an article &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_influence_on_the_Spanish_language#List_of_words_of_Arabic_origin&quot;&gt;Arabic influence on the Spanish language with a section List of words of Arabic origin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T08:32:10.883" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T08:32:10.883" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="319" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:20:45.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is, indeed a regional preference. In Argentina, for example, &lt;em&gt;ir a ...&lt;/em&gt; is almost always used in spoken language, and the future tense only appears in writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are likely to find the future tense used in speech in Spain, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both forms are acceptable anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T21:12:58.857" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T21:12:58.857" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1772" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:20:58.823" Score="12" ViewCount="29951" Body="&lt;p&gt;When learning Spanish, there are basic rules taught about word gender: words ending in &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; are usually masculine, words ending in &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; are usually feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about words ending in &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;? Are there any guidelines or rules of thumb for determining the gender of these words? Are the majority of words ending in &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; masculine or feminine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T08:29:10.840" Title="Determining gender of words ending in &quot;e&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="327" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:24:20.437" Score="8" ViewCount="4746" Body="&lt;p&gt;When learning vocabulary in a new language, it is useful to focus on very commonly used words first. Are there any resources online (or in print) that give a list of the most frequently occurring Spanish words in spoken or written language? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T10:17:35.817" Title="List of most commonly used Spanish words" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:31:35.517" Score="15" ViewCount="1858" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following in the footsteps of &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/20708/9983&quot;&gt;EL&amp;amp;U&lt;/a&gt;, are there any words that have &lt;em&gt;opposite&lt;/em&gt; meanings in different Spanish-speaking regions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are looking for words that are the same, but have different meanings in different dialects, and not words which are different between the two dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T01:53:11.520" Title="Are there any words that have opposite regional meanings?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-06-28T03:36:36.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:42:08.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you're going to find a very universally useful list like this.  Many Spanish text books have such lists, but I think the best practice is to make your own list, that focuses on the area(s) of Spanish you wish to learn about.  Keep a notebook handy, and as you find yourself wishing you knew how to say XYZ, add it to your list.  Then look up the Spanish word when you have a chance, and learn it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you go through life, you'll discover that you care about different types of grammar.  I find that I use grammar in the following areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Food (at restaurants and when shopping at the supermarket)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Computers (to talk about my work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Photography (one of my hobbies)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Auto mechanics (my car is recently having trouble)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some more or less universally useful vocabulary categories, but you'll find any of these in a first-level Spanish text book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parts of the body&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clothing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Household terms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Animals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple objects (car, airplane, movie, street, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other areas I almost never talk about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Health/Medicine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Farming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Art/painting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hundreds more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proper vocabulary for many of these things also depends very much on region, so if possible, you should learn your vocabulary from a native speaker in the area where you'll be speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T19:42:08.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:44:50.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes there are many such lists.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's really easy to find them using a search engine such as Google. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.au/search?sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;q=word-frequency#sclient=psy-ab&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;safe=off&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;q=spanish%20OR%20espanol%20word%20OR%20palabra%20frecuencia%20OR%20frequency%20OR%20frecuente&amp;amp;pbx=1&amp;amp;oq=spanish%20OR%20espanol%20word%20OR%20palabra%20frecuencia%20OR%20frequency%20OR%20frecuente&amp;amp;aq=f&amp;amp;aqi=&amp;amp;aql=&amp;amp;gs_sm=e&amp;amp;gs_upl=57453l58322l2l58883l5l4l0l0l0l0l531l1829l3-1.2.1l4l0&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=afe8cae1b745ea73&amp;amp;biw=853&amp;amp;bih=447&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's some results using both English and Spanish keywords to get lots of results&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary%3aFrequency_lists#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;And the first result&lt;/a&gt; (for me at least) is my favourite open dictionary that anybody can edit! (Disclaimer: I'm a long-time contributor to Wiktionary.) This list is divided up into pages. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary%3aFrequency_lists/Spanish1000&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is the first 1000&lt;/a&gt;. This particular list is counted by word form but also gives the lemma or dictionary form for each entry. Here's the first few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;rank    word    occurrences (ppm)   lemma forms&#xA;1.      que     32894               que&#xA;2.      de      32116               de&#xA;3.      no      29897               no&#xA;4.      a       22313               a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the top of the list is all function words. But as you get further into the list you get to the vocabulary words such as verbs, nouns, and adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T19:44:50.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:49:15.883" Score="16" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishpronto.com/spanishpronto/spanishvocab.html&quot;&gt;175 most common Spanish words&lt;/a&gt; as listed in the book &lt;em&gt;Frecuencias del español: Diccionario de estudios léxicos y morfológicos by Ramón Almela, et al&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espanol-ingles.com.mx/word-profile/spanish/&quot;&gt;200 most frequently occuring Spanish base words&lt;/a&gt; in a sample of contemporary news and magazine articles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary%3aFrequency_lists#Spanish&quot;&gt;Top 10000 Spanish words&lt;/a&gt; from subtitle files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vocabularywiki.pbworks.com/w/page/5254401/Spanish-word-frequency-lists&quot;&gt;A list of resources in print&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistlist.org/issues/15/15-3326.html&quot;&gt;A more detailed research-level discussion&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Linguist List&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T19:49:15.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="335" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:53:20.107" Score="32" ViewCount="2628" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, adjectives typically come after the noun they modify.  However, there are some cases where the adjective comes before the noun, and usually (always?) with a change in meaning.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre grande -&amp;gt; The big man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gran hombre -&amp;gt; The great man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a two-part question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can I know when it is appropriate to put an adjective first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When I encounter an adjective before a noun, how can I know the difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-18T23:28:24.203" Title="Significance of adjective placement" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2011-11-17T19:56:31.810" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;YES!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I first came across this topic on &lt;a href=&quot;http://languagehat.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;my favourite language blog&lt;/a&gt; and then I discovered my favourite word of this type somehow, which is in fact a Spanish word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pelón&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the key definitions from the online DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. adj. Que no tiene pelo o tiene muy poco. U. t. c. s.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;4. adj. Ec. Que tiene mucho pelo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in English without the DRAE abbreviations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. adjective &amp;quot;That doesn't have hair or has very litte. (Also used as a noun)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;4. adjective (Ecuador) &amp;quot;That has lots of hair.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T10:45:35.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="619" CreationDate="2011-11-17T20:17:38.277" Score="5" ViewCount="664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an etymological origin that can be called the &lt;em&gt;main&lt;/em&gt; one that has created the list of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;false friends&lt;/a&gt;&quot; between Spanish and English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm constantly stumbling upon a new &quot;false friend&quot; when reading or studying English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples (English / &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual / &lt;em&gt;Actual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redact / &lt;em&gt;Redactar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comprehensive / &lt;em&gt;Comprensivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Realize / &lt;em&gt;Realizar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is that the many influences that both English (Celtic, Romans, Anglo-Saxons and Germans, Normans among others) and Spanish (Pre-Romans, Romans, Arabic, Basques, American indigenous, among others) have had along their existence has produced such confusing similarities, but I'm not quite sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T12:25:54.943" Title="Etymological origin of &quot;false friends&quot; between Spanish and English" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-17T20:29:04.903" Score="3" ViewCount="1494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has, to my knowledge, more possible suffixes than for example English or German. Many adjectives can be transformed into nouns by adding &lt;em&gt;-ness&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ism&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ity&lt;/em&gt; in English, or &lt;em&gt;-keit&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-heit&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ismus&lt;/em&gt; in German. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which suffixes exist in Spanish for this case, which one should know to make vocabulary learning/remembering easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-07-29T10:13:49.697" Title="Suffixes used to transform an adjective into a noun" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;morfología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="330" CreationDate="2011-11-17T20:46:15.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NO.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etymological histories of words passing from language to language and changing along the way are many and varied. False friends are just the end product of this convoluted process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest you could get to anything like common reasons is sets of words derived from the same common prefixes or suffixes. And I don't know if such is common at all. I can't think of any examples off the top of my head at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T20:46:15.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="316" CreationDate="2011-11-17T20:53:14.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can look up this word in a dictionary that contains etymological information. For example, the dictionary of &lt;em&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt; (RAE) specifies details such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;azúcar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Del ár. hisp. assúkkar, este del ár. clás. sukkar, este del gr. σάκχαρι, y este del pelvi šakar.&#xA;  source&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing how to interpret these abbreviations, you can easily identify borrowed words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;ár. hisp. = árabe hispano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;ár. clás. = árabe clásico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T20:53:14.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="328" CreationDate="2011-11-17T21:17:29.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a per-case rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most adjectives can be put before the noun without changing its meaning (but don't do it, it won't be natural). When the meaning changes, you need to learn it in a per-case basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T22:49:54.450" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T22:49:54.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="328" CreationDate="2011-11-17T21:24:43.910" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is that an adjective placed before a noun acts as an attribute and after a noun it acts as a modifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some rules as to the position of the adjective, as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Demonstrative, posessive and indefinite adjectives and articles usually go before the noun. E.g., &lt;strong&gt;Mis tres amigas vienen a la fiesta&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Este nivel de español es intermedio&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One-word superlative adjectives go before the noun. E.g., &lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es el mejor libro que has leído?&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;La peor película que he visto&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Es la mejor manzana que he probado&lt;/strong&gt;.  (Watch out for two-word superlatives, though, e.g., &lt;em&gt;Es la maestra más paciente de toda la escuela.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To express emphasis, you may place the &quot;measuring&quot; adjective before the noun, e.g., &lt;strong&gt;La hermosa niña de ojos azules&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;El asqueroso perro de mi vecino&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you use two or more adjectives that refer to the same noun they are often placed after the noun. Examples: &lt;strong&gt;La mujer guapa e inteligente&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;La casa es grande y bonita&lt;/strong&gt;.  (There are exceptions, e.g., the García Márquez story &lt;em&gt;La increíble y triste historia de la cándida Eréndira y de su abuela desalmada&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In certain cases a change in the position of the adjective alters its meaning, as in your example. Another example is &lt;strong&gt;El señor pobre&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;El pobre señor&lt;/strong&gt;. In this example &lt;strong&gt;El señor pobre&lt;/strong&gt; means the man has no money. &lt;strong&gt;El pobre señor&lt;/strong&gt; means that the man is in a bad situation with troubles not necessarily related to money (as in &quot;Poor guy!&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some adjectives maintain a fixed position in the sentence: &lt;strong&gt;Rara vez&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Alta tensión&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Un verdadero caos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different types of adjectives; among these we can distinguish the specificative and the explicative adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Epecificativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (limiting): those that besides giving a quality, restrict the semantic extension of the noun. They usually come &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the noun. Examples: &lt;strong&gt;Los ojos azules&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;El auto violeta&lt;/strong&gt; (Not verde, not rojo. Violeta!) They are adjectives of relationship, for instance a nationality or a quality that can't be changed. &lt;strong&gt;Él es un señor Africano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Él es un hombre blanco&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Un nadador colombiano&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Explicativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (explanatory: They don't limit the extension of the noun, but distinguish or attribute a quality to the noun. They usually come &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the noun: &lt;strong&gt;La verde hoja&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;La blanca nieve&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;La esbelta figura&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.livingspanish.com/Adjetivos-especificativos-explicativos-I.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;livingspanish.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-18T23:28:24.203" LastActivityDate="2019-12-18T23:28:24.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2011-11-17T21:24:44.490" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;An example I recently found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.difusion.com/ele/coleccion/metodos/adultos/via-rapida/general/&quot;&gt;Vía Rápida: Cuaderno de ejercicios&lt;/a&gt;. In this book, there is a story of a Spanish girl who came to Mexico. Someone told her:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tome asiento. En un ratito viene el profesor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The girl prepared to wait for quite a long time, but then she understood that 'rato' was a different thing in Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comment from the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España &quot;un rato&quot; significo un espacio de tiempo algo prolongado. En estas situaciones, en español peninsular se diría &quot;enseguida&quot;, &quot;en unos minutos&quot;, pero nunca se usaria la palabra &quot;rato&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &quot;un rato&quot; is quite a long period of time. In Mexico, it's almost right now, just in a few minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T21:24:44.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="319" CreationDate="2011-11-17T22:07:30.143" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;The compound verb &quot;ir a&quot; is roughly the same as &quot;going to&quot; in English: we primarily use it when talking about the immediate future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Va a comprar un coche nuevo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Are you going to buy a new car? (= Have you decided to buy a new car?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a detailed analysis of &lt;a href=&quot;http://eljuego.free.fr/Fichas_gramatica/FG_nociones_futuro.htm&quot;&gt;different ways to express the future&lt;/a&gt;. They do not elaborate on regional differences, but their main conclusions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;future tense&lt;/strong&gt; means that there is uncertainty about the future: you cannot guarantee that this happens, or you have not made a final decision yet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;No se si la casa estará terminada a tiempo.&lt;/em&gt; - I am not sure if the house will be built in time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt; means something certain that will take place in the near future:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Van a construir un nuevo polideportivo.&lt;/em&gt; - They are going to build a new stadium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional examples confirming this point of view (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=281213&quot;&gt;posted by a speaker from Spain&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mañana voy a comprar sandías&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; I am sure that I will buy it tomorrow.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Mañana compraré&#xA;  sandías&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; I think that I will buy it tomorrow but I am not sure, maybe I will do it the day after tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a cambiar&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; I decided that I need to change, I am sure that I will do it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Cambiaré&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; Maybe I will change some day, who knows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-03T08:18:35.413" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T08:18:35.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="338" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="340" CreationDate="2011-11-17T22:58:20.497" Score="2" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once wrote an original poem in Spanish that includes the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question relates to the second sentence, which of two translations regarding &quot;scare me&quot; is &quot;better&quot; or correct? Or can they both be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay una cosa importante que debo decirte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aunque esta cosa siempre me da un poco miedo/me hace temor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero si you no te digo todo sera peor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Oye por favor, me grito del amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is something important that I must tell you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Although it is something that scares me half to death.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  But if I don't tell you it will all be for the worse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Listen to me please, and hear my cry of love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tune: You Ren Xihuan Lan (Some People Like Blue), Chinese Karaoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T08:56:01.807" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T03:10:44.157" Title="Rendering of &quot;to fear&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="338" CreationDate="2011-11-17T23:23:21.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be &lt;em&gt;me da un poco de miedo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; is needed) or &lt;em&gt;me causa temor&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Temor&lt;/em&gt; has better rhyme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero si yo no te digo&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pero si yo no te lo digo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oye, por favor, me grito del amor&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; &lt;em&gt;Escucha, por favor, mi grito de amor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T23:23:21.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2011-11-17T23:41:48.340" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most words ending in -e are femenine. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La torre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La gente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sangre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are a lot more exceptions for words ending in -e than for words ending in -o. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El equipaje&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T23:41:48.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="345" CreationDate="2011-11-17T23:46:35.527" Score="23" ViewCount="423" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen several times the use of @ instead of 'a' or 'o' for referring to masculine and feminine words at the same time. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola a tod@s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an accepted use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-14T01:50:49.187" LastActivityDate="2019-12-14T01:50:49.187" Title="Is the use of @ instead of 'a' or 'o' in order to refer to both masculine and feminine accepted?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-11-18T00:07:46.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think it has negative connotations, although it is true that we're not in the habit of saying it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, we use the word &lt;em&gt;agur&lt;/em&gt;. It is also more usual to say &lt;em&gt;hasta luego&lt;/em&gt; (see you later) than &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; because it is less formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T12:58:17.240" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T12:58:17.240" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="342" CreationDate="2011-11-18T00:13:53.773" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=g%E9nero2#22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; no ha incluido el uso de la &quot;@&quot; para abreviar las frases que poseen elementos/personas/profesiones... al mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de este &quot;truco&quot; o abreviatura es limitado, y no lo verás en escritos serios (periódicos,libros...) y ahora mismo está limitado a, y esto puede acarrear un poco de debate &quot;político&quot;, un intento de quitar  &quot;un toque machista&quot; que tiene el castellano (uso del masculino para referirse a grupos en los que también hay mujeres por ejemplo). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión el uso de la &quot;@&quot; no se va a extender u oficializar al menos a corto plazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parecido a este caso, y motivado por una corriente feminista, se ha intentado &quot;feminizar&quot; ciertas palabras masculinas, sobretodo de profesiones, que no poseen variante femenina.&#xA;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El médico, la médica&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El piloto, la pilota&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El presidente, la presidenta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El miembro, la miembra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente me parece un error puesto que el lenguaje es el que es y también existen ejemplos contrarios (palabras femeninas que se refieren a ambos sexos), por ejemplo el futbolista (no se dice el futbolisto, que por cierto sería gracioso :D ) y no se ha motivado el cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sorry, the question is very problematic and I prefer writing in Spanish to avoid confusion in the answer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T06:09:26.957" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T06:09:26.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="342" CreationDate="2011-11-18T00:18:37.653" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At_sign#Gender-neutrality_in_Spanish_and_Portuguese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English article&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arroba_(s%C3%ADmbolo)#Uso_de_la_arroba_para_indicar_ambos_g.C3.A9neros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish article&lt;/a&gt;), the use of the at sign (arroba) as a combination of &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; for gender-neutrality reasons has been growing in recent years. Proponents see it as a useful means of achieving &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender-neutrality_in_Spanish_and_Portuguese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gender-neutral spelling&lt;/a&gt;. Opponents argue that the &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; ending already encompasses both sexes, and the use of the at sign is unnecessary and awkward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española (RAE) officially disapproves of this practice in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=g%E9nero#22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Section 2.2 of the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;'s chapter on Gender&lt;/a&gt;, saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para evitar las engorrosas repeticiones a que da lugar la reciente e innecesaria costumbre de hacer siempre explícita la alusión a los dos sexos (los niños y las niñas, los ciudadanos y ciudadanas, etc.; → 2.1), ha comenzado a usarse en carteles y circulares el símbolo de la arroba (@) como recurso gráfico para integrar en una sola palabra las formas masculina y femenina del sustantivo, ya que este signo parece incluir en su trazo las vocales a y o: l@s niñ@s. Debe tenerse en cuenta que la arroba no es un signo lingüístico y, por ello, su uso en estos casos es inadmisible desde el punto de vista normativo; a esto se añade la imposibilidad de aplicar esta fórmula integradora en muchos casos sin dar lugar a graves inconsistencias, como ocurre en Día del niñ@, donde la contracción del solo es válida para el masculino niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, I've noticed the at sign used in this way as you arrive at the airport in Managua, Nicaragua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rxKzb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;BIENVENID@S&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-12-13T14:37:56.380" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T14:37:56.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="347" CreationDate="2011-11-18T00:27:24.200" Score="22" ViewCount="11442" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm referring to words like &quot;el tema&quot; or &quot;el lema&quot;. Most words ending in &quot;a&quot; are feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually the opposite of a similar question,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/32/por-que-es-la-palabra-mano-femenina&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; es la palabra &amp;#171;mano&amp;#187; femenina?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a palabras como &quot;el tema&quot; o &quot;el lema&quot;. La mayoría de las palabras que acaban en &quot;a&quot; son femeninas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es, de hecho, lo opuesto a una pregunta similar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/32/por-que-es-la-palabra-mano-femenina&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; es la palabra &amp;#171;mano&amp;#187; femenina?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T22:41:56.320" Title="Why are certain words ending in &quot;a&quot; masculine?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="346" CreationDate="2011-11-18T01:49:57.533" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a large group of words that Spanish inherits from Greek which end in &quot;ma&quot; and, following their Greek roots, are masculine.  They may even be the majority of words that end in &quot;a&quot; but are masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el clima&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el programa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el sistema&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el lema&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el tema&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el problema&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el idioma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el drama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly they're the sorts of words that English might take from Greek. They're scientific or philosophical or technical terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly there are other words that are masculine and end in &quot;a&quot;. El tequila doesn't come from Greek! But this covers a big class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Nouns ending in -μα in the nominative and -ματος in the genitive of the third declension are neuter in Greek. That includes κλίμα (clima) and σύστημα (sistema) and πρόγραμμα (programa) and all the rest I know. Of course, Spanish does not have a neuter gender.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin, these words continue to be third declension neuter. Spanish «Sistema» is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/systema#Latin&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;systēma, systēmatis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; «clima» is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clima#Latin&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;clima, climatis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T08:29:29.767" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T08:29:29.767" CommentCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="338" CreationDate="2011-11-18T04:16:52.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is something important that I must tell you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Although it is something that scares me half to death.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  But if I don't tell you it will all be for the worse,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Listen to me please, and hear my cry of love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay algo importante que debo decirte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aunque esto me provoca mucho miedo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  /&lt;em&gt;Pero si no te lo digo&lt;/em&gt;/ Pero si no lo hago, todo será peor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Escúchame por favor, y escucha mi grito de amor.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Listen,hear = escuchar&#xA;to fear=tener miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; tengo miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt; tienes miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El/Ella&lt;/strong&gt; tiene miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nosotros&lt;/strong&gt; tenemos miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ustedes(Vosotros)&lt;/strong&gt; tienen miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ellos/Ellas&lt;/strong&gt; tienen miedo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="138" LastEditorUserId="138" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T03:10:44.157" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T03:10:44.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="316" CreationDate="2011-11-18T04:43:41.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no actual rule to know, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libreopinion.com/members/jose_marmol/influencia_arabe.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a list of the words inherited from the arabs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of them are not actually used here in Mexico, and I don't know the meaning of at least 75% of those words in the list, but the most common would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dado&lt;/em&gt; (dice)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;ajedrez&lt;/em&gt; (chess)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt; (coffee)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;almohada&lt;/em&gt; (pillow)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;momia&lt;/em&gt; (mummy)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;paraíso&lt;/em&gt; (paradise)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;daga&lt;/em&gt; (dagger)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;azúcar&lt;/em&gt; (sugar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, one of the most arabic words is &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; &quot;hopefully&quot; - from arabic &lt;em&gt;law šá lláh&lt;/em&gt; (literally &quot;if God wants&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="138" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-01T16:49:21.557" LastActivityDate="2019-06-01T16:49:21.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="366" CreationDate="2011-11-18T06:38:10.467" Score="10" ViewCount="3844" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pansito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;panesito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;panito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;panecino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;panecillo (Although this one has most of the time another meaning...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know short question, but seemingly difficult for me. Is there a definitive diminutive form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there multiple accepted forms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T14:56:17.743" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T19:27:24.163" Title="What is the diminutive of &quot;pan&quot; (meaning bread)?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="237" CreationDate="2011-11-18T10:29:39.330" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a Spanish idiom used when somebody takes many things with you in your luggage, probably more than what he really needs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;irse con la casa a cuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a sentence like &amp;quot;He took everything but the kitchen sink&amp;quot; could be translated as &amp;quot;se fue con la casa a cuestas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &amp;quot;The whole enchilada&amp;quot; I can't remember any similar idiom in Spanish with the same idiom. The natural way of saying that would be saying &amp;quot;con todo&amp;quot; as Randolf Rincón-Fadul has said. In Spain we can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quedarse con todo el pastel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this expression means to get all the possible benefits from a situation, and it is usually used in a negative way to complain about a controversial operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-11-25T18:39:53.387" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T18:39:53.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="292" CreationDate="2011-11-18T11:00:31.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is applied to case when something is presently occurring. Possible alternative translation would be &lt;em&gt;currently&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is applied to case when something just has occurred. Possible alternative translation would be &lt;em&gt;already&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T11:00:31.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="358" CreationDate="2011-11-18T11:25:46.143" Score="14" ViewCount="2214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard many times the use of the infinitive instead of the imperative in Spanish with the verb &quot;ir&quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si me queréis, *irse (Instead of: Si me queréis, váyanse) [Famous quote of artist Lola Flores]    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Ir yendo (Instead of: Id yendo)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Iros ya (Instead of: Idos ya)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain I have heard this error so often that for me &quot;iros&quot; even sounds much better than &quot;idos&quot; though I know that it's an error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this problem happen in any other regions of the world? Does it also happen with other verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:44:48.277" LastActivityDate="2019-07-19T14:03:23.753" Title="&quot;Iros&quot; instead of &quot;idos&quot; (imperative of verb &quot;ir&quot;)" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="352" CreationDate="2011-11-18T11:48:19.933" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pan&quot; is a generic term, it means bread in general, not an actual piece of bread. In this sense you would not use it in diminutive form, would you?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That said, we do use &quot;panecillo&quot;, at least in Spain, for a small, one-helping piece of bread. That is the only word, among your suggestions, which is present in the Diccionario de la Real Academia Española. &quot;Panecito&quot; looks all right too, and probably the reason why it is not in the Diccionario is, they don't include diminutive forms of all words... and &quot;panesito&quot; and &quot;pansito&quot; seem spoken versions of &quot;panecito&quot;, I guess they are common in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="122" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T11:48:19.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="356" CreationDate="2011-11-18T12:21:54.753" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only Spain. Actually you're talking about &quot;Castellano&quot; which is spoken in Spain. Latin America Spanish doesn't use second person plural familiar form of the verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both Spain and Latin America, the informal, second person singular verb form is tú (you). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“¿Quieres (tú) venir a la fiesta conmigo? Would you like to come to the party with me?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when you’re talking to a group of people, that’s when things get more complicated. In Spain, you would use the second person plural verb form, vosotros, so you’d say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“¿Queréis (vosotros) ir a la fiesta conmigo?” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Latin America, the vosotros verb form is simply not used. There they use the third person plural verb form with ustedes instead, which would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“¿Quieren (ustedes) ir a la fiesta conmigo?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T12:32:54.733" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T12:32:54.733" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-18T12:24:54.893" Score="8" ViewCount="1136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just earlier I was about to mention to somebody in Spanish that I was in a Stack Exchange chat room and I realized I didn't know how to say it in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a bunch of words for &quot;room&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuarto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;habitación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;salón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also at least a couple of words for &quot;chat&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;charlar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;platicar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course a more formal word might be used for &quot;chat&quot; or even I suspect the word borrowed straight from English. &lt;strong&gt;Which is the &quot;best&quot; way to express &quot;chat room&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's now an applied equivalent of this question on meta: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/108/157&quot;&gt;What should we call our &quot;Chat Room&quot;?&#xA;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:19:00.990" Title="Is there a standard, most common, or most neutral Spanish term for &quot;chat room&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="265" CreationDate="2011-11-18T12:37:31.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Averiguando el origen de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/265/palabras-o-frases-con-etimologia-prejuiciada/311#311&quot;&gt;mostrar la hilacha&lt;/a&gt; encontré el de &lt;a href=&quot;http://archivo.lavoz.com.ar/2005/0830/opinion/nota353334_1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡Martes, no te cases ni te embarques!&lt;/a&gt; El tercer día (el martes) es el único en la Creación del Génesis que menciona más de una vez el versículo &lt;em&gt;Y vio Dios que era bueno&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo tanto, los judíos preferían contraer matrimonio o abordar un barco este día de la semana por que lo consideraban doblemente bendito. Por lo tanto, un casarse o embarcarse en un martes era una forma de &lt;em&gt;mostrar la hilacha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T12:46:49.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="359" CreationDate="2011-11-18T13:07:53.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chat room - &lt;strong&gt;sala (de charla)&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Charlar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is more used in Spain, &lt;em&gt;&quot;platicar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; more used in Americas. More formal and neutral is &lt;em&gt;&quot;conversar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T13:07:53.970" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="362" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:04:35.887" Score="10" ViewCount="550" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a whole &lt;a href=&quot;http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; written in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_English&quot;&gt;Basic English&lt;/a&gt;. This leads to the question if something similar exists for Spanish. Maybe a type of controlled language for teaching aboriginals a simplified Spanish at the time of colonialism?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be/was the basic vocabulary of this simplified Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T03:55:16.753" Title="Is/Was there a Basic Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:23:35.777" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;There simply isn't sufficient need for simplified Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are estimated 390 mln people speaking Spanish, with 329 mln of them being native speakers. Thus only a small minority (15%) of people speaking Spanish are non-native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By contrast, there are estimated 1.5 bln people speaking English (on various levels), but only 328 mln of them are native speakers. Thus the great majority (79%) of people using English are not native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in absolute numbers it's 1.2 bln non-native English speakers vs. 60 mln non-native Spanish speakers. That's 20 times more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source of the numbers: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia: List of languages by number of native speakers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-11-24T08:08:04.270" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T08:08:04.270" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="365" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:25:35.943" Score="6" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I looked for the word &lt;strong&gt;desapercibido&lt;/strong&gt; in the RAE and found the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;desapercibido, da.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. No apercibido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I know what desapercibido means, but then I was curious about the exact meaning of apercibido. So I looked for apercibido in the RAE and guess what: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aviso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra apercibido no está en el Diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this came from a site that said that saying desapercibido for something that is inconspicuous was incorrect and that &lt;strong&gt;inadvertido&lt;/strong&gt; should be used!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very confusing. Does someone have the exact meaning of apercibido? Since the RAE doesn't provide one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T07:47:59.723" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T07:47:59.723" Title="What is apercibido?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="364" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:39:58.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You couldn't find &lt;em&gt;apercibido&lt;/em&gt; in RAE, because it's participle of verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=apercibir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;apercibir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;desapercibido&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;inadvertido&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Desapercibido&lt;/em&gt; is most commonly used as for something that was not noted (possibly just because it was not important enough to anyone). &lt;em&gt;Inadvertido&lt;/em&gt; in contrast means something that was not foreseen.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very common usage is &lt;em&gt;pasar desapercibido&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;to go/pass unnoticed&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T14:46:05.047" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T14:46:05.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="352" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:54:17.110" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico is well addressed as panecito, and I think anyone would understand it, however is not a real word as far as I know, at least couldn't find it on the dictionary, I found this however:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Los monosílabos o no perminten derivaciones o lo hacen con -ec-,&#xA;  pasando a ser la palabra un cuatrisílabo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pan- panecito &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tren - Trenecito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pez - Pececito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sol-solecito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T14:54:17.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2011-11-18T16:44:28.023" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;There have been various attempts made at forming &amp;quot;simplified Spanish&amp;quot; but none of them seem to have caught on as a &amp;quot;standard&amp;quot; in the same way Basic English has--very likely for reasons pointed out in @vartec's answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://manzanares-jeronimo.es/Pagina-3/ESPAsimplificado.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;one such proposal, apparently intended for academic use&lt;/a&gt;, which suggests such simplifications as simplifying numbers by using &lt;em&gt;diez y uno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diez y dos&lt;/em&gt;, etc, in place of &lt;em&gt;once&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doce&lt;/em&gt;, etc; using simpler conjugations of some irregular verbs; more consistent spellings (using &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; in place of a hard &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;, for instance), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One could argue that this really isn't the same as &amp;quot;Basic English&amp;quot; since, unlike Basic English, it actually changes grammar and spelling conventions, rather than creating a simplified form that would be natural for a native speaker to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-11-24T08:12:51.277" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T08:12:51.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="379" CreationDate="2011-11-18T18:16:13.190" Score="6" ViewCount="3003" Body="&lt;p&gt;In German you have to use different moods, in English different tenses for verbs to mark indirect speech (speech where you are saying what was said or expressed):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He said that he &lt;strong&gt;had painted&lt;/strong&gt; the ceiling blue &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the verb changes to past perfect tense; in German subjunctive is prescribed for the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seem to be no detailed rules for Spanish when I look it up on Wikipedia. So are there any common/non-mandatory rules/ways how to mark indirect speech? Or can I use any &lt;em&gt;(mood/tense)&lt;/em&gt; I choose in a phrase like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He said that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T18:49:22.407" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T18:49:22.407" Title="Does indirect speech in Spanish require changes in tense, mood, etc?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2011-11-18T18:37:47.490" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was not aware of any attempts to create a single language that would be &quot;simple Spanish&quot;. Still, you can find a lot of books written in simplified Spanish. They are called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lecturas graduadas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and are adapted for students of different levels. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Framework_of_Reference_for_Languages&quot;&gt;Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)&lt;/a&gt; defines six levels of knowing a language: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;basic speaker (A1 and A2);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;independent speaker (B1 and B2);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;proficient speaker (C1 and C2).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Europe, &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/plan_curricular/&quot;&gt;Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; is the standard reference for Spanish. For each level, teachers decide which vocabulary and grammatical structures students already know and which are appropriate for this level, thus roughly defining a 'simplified' language that can be used to write textbook exercises or &quot;lecturas graduadas&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this simplicity is not strict: we have no standard &quot;word lists&quot;, and teaching materials &lt;strong&gt;intentionally&lt;/strong&gt; include less frequent words. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the approach of Instituto Cervantes, one of the &lt;strong&gt;essential skills&lt;/strong&gt; that a student has to learn is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;aplicar procedimientos habituales en el uso de una lengua extranjera, como deducir del contexto el significado de alguna palabra o alguna estructura gramatical que no conoces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to apply standard techniques when using a foreign language: for example, to infer from the context the meaning of an unknown word or grammatical structure&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edinumen.es/index.php?page=shop.product_details&amp;amp;flypage=flypage.tpl&amp;amp;product_id=372&amp;amp;category_id=18&amp;amp;option=com_virtuemart&amp;amp;Itemid=4&amp;amp;lang=en&quot;&gt;El Cronómetro. Manual de preparación del DELE. Nivel B1. Edinumen, 2011.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are even special exercises designed to train the skill of guessing the meaning from the context. In comparison to this approach, a controlled simple language where &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the words are already known would be too artificial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T19:19:28.420" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T19:19:28.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="305" CreationDate="2011-11-18T19:38:10.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;That word &quot;bomb&quot; (or &quot;bomba&quot; in Spanish) was (and sometimes is) used not only in Chile but in Argentina also. In phrases like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Esto es una bomba! (This is so awesome/cool!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡La pasamos bomba! (We had a very good time!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as you said it was used more in the '80s and it's not used very often now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="40" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T02:14:17.873" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T02:14:17.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="231" CreationDate="2011-11-18T19:41:52.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As explained in the textbook &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.difusion.com/ele/coleccion/metodos/adultos/via-rapida/general/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vía Rápida (A1-B1), Difusión 2011&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;también&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to add an item of the same type in a new phrase:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Estudio portugués y francés. También estudio alemán.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to express coincidence of opinions or information in positive (non-negative) phrases:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;A Marta le gusta bailar. Y a Ana también.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to add an item of the same type in a negative phrase:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;No me gusta la música electrónica. Tampoco me gusta la música clásica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to express coincidence of opinions or information in negative phrases:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Sergio no habla inglés y Diana tampoco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T19:41:52.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="113" CreationDate="2011-11-18T20:25:34.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pain_in_the_ass#Translations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The English Wiktionary has a couple of variants.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Spanish: patada en las bolas, patada en los huevos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Larouuse gran diccionario has translations for several English variants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;he's a pain (in the neck)&lt;/strong&gt; es un plomazo &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; pelmazo &lt;em&gt;or Méx&lt;/em&gt; sangrón; &lt;em&gt;US Fam&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;to give sb a pain (in the neck)&lt;/strong&gt; dar la paliza a alguien; &lt;em&gt;Vulg&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;it's a pain in the&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Br&lt;/em&gt; arse &lt;em&gt;or US&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;ass&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;em&gt;Esp&lt;/em&gt; un coñazo &lt;em&gt;or Méx&lt;/em&gt; una chingadera &lt;em&gt;or RP&lt;/em&gt; un embole&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T12:12:38.627" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T12:12:38.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="376" CreationDate="2011-11-18T21:37:04.010" Score="10" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found this example (which is counterintuitive, in my opinion) in &lt;em&gt;&quot;Uso de la gramática española. Elemental&quot;, Francisca Castro, Edelsa 2000&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo no llevo el coche a trabajar normalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do they use &quot;a trabajar&quot; instead of &quot;al trabajo&quot;? Which dictionary item or grammar topic should I study to understand this better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found other examples of both usages in the Internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llevar a trabajar&lt;/strong&gt;: 54,300 results in Google, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo no tengo ningún transporte público que me pueda llevar a trabajar.     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A su parecer, el trabajo del Premio Nacional de Ciencias nos puede llevar a trabajar en base a la excelencia de los alimentos.      &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple y rápido de hacer, para cualquier tipo de pelo, para llevar a trabajar, a clase, para ir a tomar algo, para ir a la playa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llevar al trabajo&lt;/strong&gt;: 598,000 results in Google, for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesito recetas sencillas de comida para llevar al trabajo.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me llevaré a la niña al trabajo; no tengo con quién dejarla.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Este himno nos enseña como la lealtad nos puede llevar al trabajo en equipo y a la solución de problemas.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between the usage of &quot;llevar a trabajar&quot; and &quot;llevar al trabajo&quot;? Perhaps, regional differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T22:16:55.477" Title="Usage of &quot;llevar a trabajar&quot; vs &quot;llevar al trabajo&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="375" CreationDate="2011-11-18T22:16:55.477" Score="8" Body="&lt;h2&gt;About your first example:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion the first example you show, is not only counter-intuitive, but also ambiguous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo no llevo el coche a trabajar normalmente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't he usually drive by car when commuting to work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't he usually takes his car to make it work (for example the owner of a taxi car).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking about carrying something to work, I've always used and heard: &lt;code&gt;llevar al trabajo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevar al trabajo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; Take or hold someone or something when going to work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Llevar a trabajar&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; Take someone or something to make it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;About the examples you found with google:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the first one, I should say instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo no tengo ningún transporte público que me pueda llevar &lt;strong&gt;al trabajo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is completely right, I give you how I should translate it: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A su parecer, el trabajo del Premio Nacional de Ciencias nos puede llevar a trabajar en base a la excelencia de los alimentos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;According to him, the work of the National Sciences Award can lead us to work based on the excelence of food.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the third one, I should say instead:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Simple y rápido de hacer, para cualquier tipo de pelo, para llevar &lt;strong&gt;al trabajo&lt;/strong&gt;, a clase, para ir a tomar algo, para ir a la playa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T22:16:55.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-19T02:31:14.440" Score="8" ViewCount="1052" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear a lot of different ways to express the idea of wanting something or wanting to do something. What is the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo quiero (algo o hacer algo o que pase algo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustaría ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me toca ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me late ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo deseo ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antoja ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that region, level of formality, context, and shades of meaning can be different. I'd enjoy knowing more about this list and others that might belong on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T04:20:17.337" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T17:29:37.303" Title="What is the difference between different ways of expressing desire and intention?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-19T02:48:02.643" Score="5" ViewCount="422" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between different ways of expressing similarity? I see things like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La niña &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; a su hermana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compró dos vestidos &lt;em&gt;semejantes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiere una fiesta de cumpleaños &lt;em&gt;similar&lt;/em&gt; a la de su hermano mayor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Son &lt;em&gt;parecidos&lt;/em&gt; como dos gotas de agua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English doesn't have obvious analogs to &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;semejante&lt;/em&gt; in this context. Where would you use one or another of these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T09:23:20.180" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T09:25:34.813" Title="How are «parecer», «semejante», and «similar» used to express sameness?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="369" CreationDate="2011-11-19T03:22:38.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indirect speech in Spanish is called the «discurso indirecto», or the «voz indirecto» or «estilo indirecto». The indirect pattern is in effect whenever you paraphrase something was was said, expressed, written, indicated, implied, or otherwise communicated.  In English it includes sentences like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He told me that she was staring at me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He told me, &quot;that girl was staring at you.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish tenses typically follow a sequence in indirect speech. Usually indirect speech has a main verb in the past tense. You could also say in present tense, &quot;he tells me what she says about me,&quot; and in Spanish you can follow the present main verb with whichever tense is appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Past tense main verbs are a little more complicated. The dependent clause verb that was actually spoken (&quot;stare&quot; in the english examples above) has to change tense. With &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; in the preterite (the most common case; pluperfect works the same):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Present changes to imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te mira.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que ella me miraba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite changes to pluperfect (pluscuamperfecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te miró.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que ella me había mirado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imperfect and pluperfect stay the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te miraba.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que ella me miraba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te había mirado.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que ella me había mirado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Future and conditional could both become conditional. (see next rule)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te va a mirar.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que me miraría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te miraría.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que me miraría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's more fluid to use paraphrasim (paráfrasis) with conditional and future, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te va a mirar.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que me iba a mirar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;ella te miraría.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que me iba a mirar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no circumstance that calls for a preterite verb to follow another,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't:&lt;/strong&gt; Me dijo que ella me miró. &lt;strong&gt;Bad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These sentences follow very similar but not exactly identical rules in English. Check out the examples far above to see and you can make up a few of your own and listen to the progression of tenses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperative and subjunctive follow the usual sequence of subjunctive tenses in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imperative and present subjunctive change to imperfect subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;habla con ella.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que hablara con ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Past subjunctives change to pluperfect subjunctive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo, &quot;perdiste la oportunidad; Que hayas podido hablar con ella.&quot; ==&gt; Me dijo que había perdido la oportunidad; que hubiera podido hablar con ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish Wikipedia link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discurso_directo_e_indirecto&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discurso_directo_e_indirecto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T03:35:29.100" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T03:35:29.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="378" CreationDate="2011-11-19T03:26:49.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;SE&lt;/strong&gt; parece a su hermana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;El/Ella/Mi Papa/Un Alien/Juan&lt;/strong&gt; compró dos vestidos semejantes/parecidos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Brian&lt;/strong&gt; quiere una fiesta de cumpleaños similar/parecida a la de su hermano mayor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Luis y Juan&lt;/strong&gt; son parecidos como dos gotas de agua.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The girl looks like her sister.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She bought two similar dresses&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Brian wants a party just as his older brother's&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Luis and Juan are such a pair of water drops&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parecer (Verb):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;seem&lt;br&gt;&#xA;appear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;look&lt;br&gt;&#xA;look like&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Semejante (Adjective):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;such&lt;br&gt;&#xA;similar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;like&lt;br&gt;&#xA;alike&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar (Adjective):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;similar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;parallel&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="138" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T09:25:34.813" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T09:25:34.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="401" CreationDate="2011-11-19T03:35:48.137" Score="16" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am curious about the history of the word &quot;al&quot;.  For example, was there a time when &quot;a el&quot; was the proper usage and &quot;al&quot; came later (presumably because of the slurring of speech)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T09:19:02.850" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T19:55:01.890" Title="Is &quot;al&quot; a relatively new word?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="377" CreationDate="2011-11-19T03:52:58.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo quiero (algo o hacer algo o que pase algo) I want (Something or To do something or Something to Happen)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustaría ...I'd like to/a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me toca ...Not expressing desire&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me late ...Informal way of saying I'd like, people in Mexico would understand that, I'm not sure about other latin countries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo deseo ...I wish   -   Desearía.....I'd wish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="138" LastEditorUserId="138" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T23:53:15.410" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T23:53:15.410" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="386" CreationDate="2011-11-19T05:53:31.833" Score="9" ViewCount="1369" Body="&lt;p&gt;The movie &quot;El Laberinto del Fauno&quot; by Guillermo del Toro was set in Spain, with actors well-known in Spanish film, but was created by a Mexican crew (del Toro is Mexican).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the movie, a Faun often speaks to a young girl who he believes is a princess. He uses a form of speech that I thought was voseo, but which doesn't quite fit what I've read about it &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/voseo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged 'voseo'&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the first words the faun speaks (to the Princess) are, &quot;Sois vos&quot;, which appears to be voseo.  But he also tells her &quot;tened cuidado&quot;, because &quot;os va a vida en ello&quot;. This seems to be a use of &quot;vosotros&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="149" LastEditorUserId="149" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T20:55:09.817" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T08:53:16.523" Title="How to Explain the use of vosotros to refer to an individual in the movie, &quot;El Laberinto del Fauno&quot; (Pan's Labyrinth)?" Tags="&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2011-11-19T06:50:16.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Especially for numerical and mathematical data in technical applications, you sometimes see &lt;em&gt;la matriz&lt;/em&gt; -- matrix -- used to describe tabular data. I use it whenever I'm talking about math -- which is often. Just as in English, this is a more specific usage aimed at educated people but it can be very useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matriz&lt;/em&gt; also means &quot;womb&quot; and &quot;principal&quot; in different contexts. Don't mix them up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T06:50:16.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="385" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="391" CreationDate="2011-11-19T09:01:57.243" Score="17" ViewCount="5409" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everybody agrees that the Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digraph_%28orthography%29&quot;&gt;digraphs&lt;/a&gt; &quot;ch&quot; and &quot;ll&quot; used to be officially separate &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_%28alphabet%29&quot;&gt;&quot;letters&quot;&lt;/a&gt; up to the time the RAE changed the rules of Spanish alphabetization in 1994.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when it comes to the digraph &quot;rr&quot; it seems there is a lot of confusion and conflicting information on whether it was also formerly an official separate letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember learning that &quot;rr&quot; unlike &quot;ch&quot; and &quot;ll&quot; was not considered a separate letter despite also representing a single sound. I always remembered it because it seemed so oddly inconsistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now that I do some searching on the Internet I do find lots of people asserting that &quot;rr&quot; was a separate letter. I do also find the opposite and I find some debates and arguments. But most of this is in English where I would expect a greater degree of wrong information. I dont' think my Spanish is good enough to do Internet searches on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm not asking for opinions and I'm not asking about pronunciation or spelling. Since Spanish has an official language academy I'm only asking specifically, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Was &quot;rr&quot; ever considered officially a letter of the Spanish alphabet?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T18:40:04.613" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T20:38:53.147" Title="Was &quot;rr&quot; ever considered officially a letter of the Spanish alphabet?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="383" CreationDate="2011-11-19T09:31:55.497" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of &quot;vos&quot; as the second singular person is an archaism and, referring to your question, commonly used in fairy tales (but not only). The RAE definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. vos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. person. Forma de 2.ª persona singular o plural y en masculino o femenino, empleada como tratamiento. Lleva preposición en los casos&#xA;  oblicuos y exige verbo en plural, pero concierta en singular con el&#xA;  adjetivo aplicado a la persona a quien se dirige. Vos, don Pedro, sois&#xA;  docto; vos, Juana, sois caritativa. En la actualidad solo se usa en&#xA;  tono elevado. (www.rae.es)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T08:53:16.523" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T08:53:16.523" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="395" CreationDate="2011-11-19T10:12:20.940" Score="6" ViewCount="665" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see &lt;em&gt;matutino&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vespertino&lt;/em&gt;, meaning morning and afternoon, used to describe parts of the daily schedule in schools and church. They sound very formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there more words like them to describe the rest of the day? Does &lt;em&gt;madrugada&lt;/em&gt; belong in the same set? Where does this usage come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-26T00:40:55.630" Title="Matutino and Vespertino" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="387" CreationDate="2011-11-19T10:36:45.530" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matutino&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vespertino&lt;/em&gt; are adjectives. &lt;em&gt;Nocturno&lt;/em&gt; belongs in the same set, madrugada does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are sometimes used alone, but that's because the noun is being left out. In the case of the church, they may be referring to &quot;servicio matutino&quot;; in the school it may be &quot;turno matutino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common usage in that regard is to refer to daily newspapers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2012-03-02T20:19:18.847" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T20:19:18.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="385" CreationDate="2011-11-19T10:46:41.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I don't have an authoritative source, these two facts seem to suggest &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; was never a single letter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When learning the alphabet, we used to include &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; in the sequence, but not &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &quot;Traditional Spanish&quot; database collation considers &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; when sorting, but not &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T10:46:41.267" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="82" CreationDate="2011-11-19T11:43:20.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's being accountable for something bad, you could use &lt;code&gt;culpabilidad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="109" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:26:14.973" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:26:14.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="385" CreationDate="2011-11-19T13:31:39.990" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=abecedario&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;js=n&amp;amp;prev=_t&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;layout=2&amp;amp;eotf=1&amp;amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fbuscon.rae.es%2FdpdI%2FSrvltConsulta%3Flema%3Dabecedario&quot;&gt;translation to English&lt;/a&gt; by Google) claims that the RAE has not considered &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; a single letter at least since 1803. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an entire article explaining the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=r&quot;&gt;letter r&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fbuscon.rae.es%2FdpdI%2FSrvltGUIBusDPD%3Forigen%3DRAE%26lema%3Dr&quot;&gt;translation to English&lt;/a&gt;) but the most relevant fact is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La letra &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, duplicada, forma el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The letter &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, duplicated, is the digraph &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T13:40:15.913" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T13:40:15.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="250" CreationDate="2011-11-19T14:15:02.973" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, native speakers prefer the use of &lt;strong&gt;reflexive passive voice&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(voz pasiva refleja)&lt;/em&gt; over the normal passive voice. The reflexive passive voice, which is pretty common, is really a &amp;quot;disguise&amp;quot; for the normal passive voice. Its usage is quite similar to the active voice, but adds the pronoun &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; to the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los delegados aceptaron la propuesta. (active voice)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propuesta fue aceptada por los delegados. (passive voice)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propuesta se aceptó. (reflexive passive voice)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the examples above (which were taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://literaturaylenguacastellana.blogspot.com/2010/01/oracion-pasiva-refleja-frente.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;), the three sentences have the same meaning, but the reflexive passive voice omits &lt;code&gt;los delegados&lt;/code&gt;, i.e., the agent of the verb (the entity that performs the action).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you can imagine that passive voice is used when the agent of the verb is important and must be present in the sentence, but not as important to be the subject in the sentence. The passive voice is more common in formal contexts, especially in written texts, but not in common speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also find a more detailed analysis of the reflexive passive voice &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webworkbooks.com/spanish/grammar/passive%20voice%20%E2%80%94%20reflexive%20substitute%20for%20the%20passive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:50:22.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="252" CreationDate="2011-11-19T14:18:24.777" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt; from the RAE claims that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=b&quot;&gt;The letter &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;la be&lt;/em&gt; and may also be called &lt;em&gt;be alta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;be larga&lt;/em&gt; in the Americas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=v&quot;&gt;The letter &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;la uve&lt;/em&gt; and may also be called &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ve baja&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ve corta&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;ve chica&lt;/em&gt;. The recommended name is &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt; to clearly distinguish the letter from &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, the RAE also claims that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la pronunciación correcta de la letra &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; en español es idéntica a la de la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the correct pronunciation of the letter &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is identical to that of &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the labiodental pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. how &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; is pronounced in English) is not a valid name for &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T14:18:24.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="402" CreationDate="2011-11-19T15:02:27.867" Score="8" ViewCount="2164" Body="&lt;p&gt;In German, the placement or usage of single words shifts the meaning of a rhetorical question, in English, additionally distinct marker phrases are common for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there specific terms/phrases or grammatical structures that make a question including a statement rhetorical in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the statement and question is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has the growth of the Roman Empire forced its own decline?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you formulate this question using Spanish terms/grammar to denote/imply to a non historian that the statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is true&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is wrong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is uncertain, so you don't want to express any rhetorical meaning (I take this case also as not everyone picks up a question immediately as rhetorical, but as a real question)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean especially more subtle ways (single terms/grammar shifting the meaning completely, no use of subordinate clauses and direct addressing of the audience) as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We all know that the growth ... decline, aren't we? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your questions should differ in as few terms/grammatical structures as possible, but still clearly shift the rhetorical meaning between the 3 cases, so I can see how this can be done in an eloquent and subtle way in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T20:09:06.557" LastActivityDate="2019-10-10T17:40:53.223" Title="What makes a question in Spanish rhetorical?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="387" CreationDate="2011-11-19T16:01:18.027" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;These seem to be the Spanish equivalent of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_hours&quot;&gt;&quot;Canonical hours&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, specifically &lt;em&gt;Matins&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Vespers&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to look it up on Wikipedia to find the name after a hunch that it sounded like the divisions of the day of the monks in Umberto Eco's novel &lt;em&gt;The Name of the Rose&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes there is at least one more word like them, &lt;em&gt;Lauds&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well that's the English versions, so let's follow the link to the Spanish Wikipedia article, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horas_can%C3%B3nicas&quot;&gt;&quot;Horas canónicas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Here we find this longer list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Maitines: medianoche&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Laudes: al amanecer, habitualmente sobre las 3:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Prima: Primera hora después de salir el sol, aproximadamente las 6:00 de la mañana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tercia: Tercera hora después de salir el sol, las 9:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sexta: mediodía, a las 12:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nona: sobre las 15:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Vísperas: tras la puesta de sol, habitualmente sobre las 18:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Completas: antes del descanso nocturno, las 21:00&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the names don't match exactly but as Diego says the forms you gave were adjectival forms, Matutino = Maitines and Vespertino = Vísperas. It seems to make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T16:01:18.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="398" CreationDate="2011-11-19T18:07:00.453" Score="16" ViewCount="7921" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words I learned when beginning Spanish for &lt;em&gt;east&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;west&lt;/em&gt; are '&lt;strong&gt;este&lt;/strong&gt;' and '&lt;strong&gt;oeste&lt;/strong&gt;', which are basically cognates of their English equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've been told that there are other words to denote &lt;em&gt;east&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;west&lt;/em&gt;: '&lt;strong&gt;oriente&lt;/strong&gt;' and '&lt;strong&gt;poniente&lt;/strong&gt;'. How did these words get those connotations? Are there times when you would use these words and not 'este' and 'oeste'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the main words for &lt;em&gt;north&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;south&lt;/em&gt; are 'norte' and 'sur', which again are basically cognates. Are there non-cognate words in Spanish that connote &lt;em&gt;north&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;south&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: there is a follow-up of this question in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/31382/1674&quot;&gt;What are the Spanish words for North and South and how are they different?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-09-26T07:14:49.923" LastActivityDate="2019-09-26T07:14:49.923" Title="Words for &quot;East&quot; and &quot;West&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="252" CreationDate="2011-11-19T18:20:37.167" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the list of changes made by RAE in 2010 (see the link below) in the section 2 &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Propuesta de un solo nombre para cada una de las letras del abecedario&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; they propose to use a single name for each of the letters. Their recommendation is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b, B: be&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;v, V: uve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their commentary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La recomendación de utilizar un solo nombre para cada letra no implica, en modo alguno, que se consideren incorrectas las variantes denominativas con vigencia en el uso que presentan algunas de ellas, y que a continuación se comentan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La letra &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; tiene dos nombres: &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt;. El nombre &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt; es el único empleado en España, pero también es conocido y usado en buena parte de América, donde, no obstante, está más extendido el nombre &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt;. Los hispanohablantes que utilizan el nombre &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; suelen acompañarlo de los adjetivos &lt;em&gt;corta, chica, chiquita, pequeña&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt;, para poder distinguir en la lengua oral el nombre de esta letra del de la letra &lt;em&gt;b (be)&lt;/em&gt;, que se pronuncia exactamente igual. El hecho de que el nombre &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt; se distinga sin necesidad de añadidos del nombre de la letra &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; justifica su elección como la denominación recomendada para la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; en todo el ámbito hispánico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La letra &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; se denomina simplemente be entre aquellos hispanohablantes que utilizan el nombre &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt; para la letra &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;. En cambio, quienes llaman &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;corta, chica, chiquita, pequeña&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt;) a la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; utilizan habitualmente para la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; las denominaciones complejas &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;be larga&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;be grande&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;be alta&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, añadiendo en cada caso el adjetivo opuesto al que emplean para referirse a la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/$File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Principales novedades de la última edición de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; 2010&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T20:34:10.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-11-19T18:33:42.413" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oriente&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Poniente&lt;/em&gt; are words that come from Latin/Italian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;former&lt;/strong&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;oriĕns&lt;/em&gt;, from the verb &lt;em&gt;orīri&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;to be born&quot;; this refers to the sun coming out in the morning from east. Another word for it is &quot;Levante&quot;. The &lt;strong&gt;latter&lt;/strong&gt; comes from the verb &lt;em&gt;ponĕre&lt;/em&gt; in Latin, more exactly from &lt;em&gt;ponens&lt;/em&gt;; it refers to the sun going down. Also &quot;Occidente&quot; is used for this, like pleasedontbelong pointed out. &quot;Occidente&quot; comes from &lt;em&gt;occidĕre&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;to fall, to set (refering to the sun)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The opposites work like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Occidente - Oriente  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poniente - Levante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure there really is a strict rule for when you should use one of the other one, but I suppose it depends on your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other words for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;north&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;south&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are &quot;&lt;em&gt;septentrional&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;norteño&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for the former, and &quot;&lt;em&gt;meridional&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-20T01:24:04.860" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T01:24:04.860" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="394" CreationDate="2011-11-19T19:04:08.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An almost literal translation of your example rhetorical sentence as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos sabemos que el crecimiento del imperio romano forzó su propia destrucción, ¿o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is unclear whether the doubt is placed on the &lt;em&gt;knowledge&lt;/em&gt; of the fact or the &lt;em&gt;truth&lt;/em&gt; of the fact. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T19:04:08.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2011-11-19T19:11:08.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jamás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nunca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Siempre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Algunas veces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Never&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Always &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sometimes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T04:18:08.567" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T04:18:08.567" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-11-19T19:55:01.890" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=25855&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las contracciones &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; aparecen en la lengua escrita siglos antes de que existiera la Real Academia, como lo atestiguan numerosos documentos de entre los &lt;strong&gt;siglos X y &#xA;  XVIII&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los académicos no hicieron sino recoger este uso, de manera que en la primera edición del Diccionario de Autoridades, en 1726, aparece consignada &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; y en su segunda edición, en 1732, del, registrándose ambas en todas las ediciones sucesivas del Diccionario académico, hasta nuestros días. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T19:55:01.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="394" CreationDate="2011-11-19T21:43:04.180" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acaso&lt;/strong&gt; is a useful word for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this non-rhetorical translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Forzó el crecimiento del Imperio Romano su propia destrucción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could make it rhetorical and imply it's wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso forzó el crecimiento del Imperio Romano su propia destrucción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso no forzó el crecimiento del Imperio Romano su propia destrucción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T21:43:04.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-19T23:40:23.933" Score="5" ViewCount="1592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've briefly read about Portuñol, which is supposedly a code switching method for Spanish and Portuguese.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does it function?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have heard that it acts like a mapping from Spanish to Portuguese (or vice versa) by regularly changing certain sounds. What sounds are switched?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it an effective method of communication between Spanish and Portuguese speakers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T16:30:15.123" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T16:30:15.123" Title="What is Portuñol? How effective is it as a lingua franca between Spanish/Portuguese?" Tags="&lt;portugués&gt;&lt;bilingüismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2011-12-05T16:18:37.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2011-11-20T01:14:01.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some others (all definitions taken from the DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;luego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Prontamente, sin dilación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Después, más tarde. Anoche fuimos al teatro, y luego a una sala de fiestas. Estudió derecho, y luego medicina.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lívido, da.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. amoratado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Intensamente pálido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nimio, mia.&#xA;  (Del lat. nimĭus, excesivo, abundante, sentido que se mantiene en español; pero fue también mal interpretada la palabra, y recibió acepciones de significado contrario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho generalmente de algo no material: Insignificante, sin importancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho generalmente de algo no material: Excesivo, exagerado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;espirar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Exhalar, echar de sí un cuerpo buen o mal olor.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Rel. Dicho especialmente del Espíritu Santo: Infundir espíritu, animar, mover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Rel. Dicho del Padre y del Hijo: Producir, por medio de su amor recíproco, al Espíritu Santo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. ant. &lt;strong&gt;Atraer el aire exterior a los pulmones.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T17:00:34.843" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T17:00:34.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="406" CreationDate="2011-11-20T01:44:38.840" Score="13" ViewCount="346" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the question &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/324/157&quot;&gt;Are there any words that have opposite regional meanings?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; there is a list of Spanish words each one having two opposite meanings. Is there a name (in Spanish) for this kind of words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T13:40:05.810" Title="Is there a name for words having two opposite meanings?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="405" CreationDate="2011-11-20T01:50:09.910" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Enantiosemia&quot;&gt;Enantiosemia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llama enantiosemia a un tipo de polisemia en el que una palabra tiene dos sentidos opuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T01:50:09.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="408" CreationDate="2011-11-20T02:07:36.800" Score="11" ViewCount="4169" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can come up with three phrases to express affection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te adoro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te amo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te quiero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two are fairly clear in intention. However, I have heard &quot;Te quiero&quot;, which literally translates as &quot;I want you&quot; used to mean &quot;I love you&quot;, especially in regards to one's children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, other than my example above, in what other situations would &quot;Te quiero&quot; be understood as &quot;I love you&quot; rather than &quot;I want you&quot;? I would imagine using this phrase at the wrong time could be awkward, if not disastrous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastActivityDate="2012-09-15T19:49:08.763" Title="When is &quot;Te quiero&quot; used to mean &quot;I love you?&quot;&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="407" CreationDate="2011-11-20T02:28:46.720" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're saying it to a person, it means, &lt;code&gt;I love you&lt;/code&gt;. If you're talking to a taco or some other inanimate object, it might mean &lt;code&gt;I want you&lt;/code&gt;, but obviously you don't usually address inanimate objects as &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case where you really need to say &lt;code&gt;I want you&lt;/code&gt; in a romantic sense, you might use &lt;code&gt;te deseo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incidentally, there are a lot more ways to express shades of affection in Spanish. Don't neglect to say &lt;code&gt;estoy enamorado de ti&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;me encantas&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;me tienes cautivado&lt;/code&gt; among many others. A Mexican once asked me just how interested I might be in her friend, &lt;code&gt;¿Ella te interesa, o te gusta, o la quieres, o la amas?&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To clarify,&lt;/strong&gt; in context (but not in the bare phrase &lt;code&gt;te quiero&lt;/code&gt;) you can use &lt;code&gt;querer&lt;/code&gt; to express a desire about a person wholly unrelated to affection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero que lo hagas para el cliente → I want you to do it for our client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te quiero en la oficina a las siete en punto → I want you at the office at seven o'clock.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te quiero decir que te odio → I want to tell you that I hate you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-15T19:49:08.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-11-20T02:29:38.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1400020905&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;6000+ Essential Spanish Words&lt;/a&gt; to be quite useful. It is organized in the manner that Flimzy mentions in his answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T02:29:38.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-11-20T07:01:45.680" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE's &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt; explains the pronunciation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=ll&quot;&gt;ll&lt;/a&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palatal_fricative&quot;&gt;voiced palatal fricative&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. English &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/linguistic/ipa/&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;y&lt;/b&gt;east&lt;/a&gt;, close to English &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;) in the majority of Spanish speaking regions. This pronunciation is identical to the recommended pronunciation for &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and this merger is called &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_lateral_approximant&quot;&gt;palatal lateral approximant&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʎ/&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. Portuguese &lt;em&gt;o&lt;b&gt;lh&lt;/b&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;) in some zones and among polished speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The incorrect &lt;code&gt;/li/&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. pronouncing &lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;cabalio&lt;/em&gt;) mostly among those who practice &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt; and artificially try to differentiate the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the consonant pronunciation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=y&quot;&gt;y&lt;/a&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palatal_fricative&quot;&gt;voiced palatal fricative&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; in the majority of Spanish-speaking regions when used as a consonant.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_lateral_approximant&quot;&gt;palatal lateral approximant&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʎ/&lt;/code&gt; in very few areas where &lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; occurs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rioplatense_Spanish&quot;&gt;Rioplatense Spanish&lt;/a&gt; pronounces both &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant&quot;&gt;voiced palato-alveolar sibilant&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʒ/&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. English &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;b&gt;si&lt;/b&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant&quot;&gt;voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. English &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;sh&lt;/b&gt;eep&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palatal_fricative&quot;&gt;voiced palatal fricative&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; for both &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;. The RAE accepts &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=ye%EDsmo&quot;&gt;yeísmo&lt;/a&gt; as proper and its use is widespread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-20T07:29:34.987" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T07:29:34.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="403" CreationDate="2011-11-20T08:06:09.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always thought Portuñol/Portunhol referred to &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; mix of Spanish and Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use it myself when talking to Portuguese speakers who don't have English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically I just speak Spanish except:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where I happen to know there is a different word in Portuguese (like &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;falar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where I know there's a different pronunciation of a same or similar word (like &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;meu&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where I happen to know there's a different grammatical structure (like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;gostar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where I know there are equivalent endings for latinate words (like &lt;em&gt;conversación&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;conversação&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can only avoid any embarassing pitfalls like false friends if you know about them. But of course the person being addressed also adjusts how they're listening to allow for such things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course sometimes this isn't enough and you have to hunt for synonyms or circumlocutions, or just give up, smile, and shrug your shoulders (-:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it's not much different to Spanglish except that due to the similarity of the languages the intelligibility and usefulness is orders of magnitude greater.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically per my understanding everybody will do this according to their level of understanding of the other language, meaning everybody will speak their own version. (Oh and of course Portuguese speakers will do the opposite.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there actually is some official, standard, or formalized Portuñol/Portunhol, I'd love to hear about it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/users/3/richard&quot;&gt;Richard&lt;/a&gt;'s response on &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/58/questions-about-portunol-or-frespanol&quot;&gt;the meta post about whether Portuñol and related topics are within our scope&lt;/a&gt; I have learned that there is indeed another Portuñol which actually is its own language, though doesn't have an ISO language code and I assume it hasn't been codified into a standard, but must be the native language of a community. You can read about it in its own Wikipedia article, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverense_Portu%C3%B1ol_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Riverense Portuñol language&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T16:38:12.843" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="412" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-20T18:30:00.063" Score="19" ViewCount="15973" Body="&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often get corrected when using either the word &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt;, and haven't really figured out when to use which yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the rules for when and how to use &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt;, and when and how to use &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;lo mismo&lt;/em&gt;), and when is either form appropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A menudo me corrigen cuando uso la palabra &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt;, y todavía no he conseguido adivinar cuándo se usa cada cual en realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son las reglas sobre cuándo y cómo usar &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt;, y cuándo y cómo usar &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;lo mismo&lt;/em&gt;), y cuándo es apropiada cada forma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:23:22.113" Title="When to use &quot;igual&quot; and &quot;lo mismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2011-11-20T19:13:44.517" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an important distinction: &lt;em&gt;lo mismo&lt;/em&gt; means that the two things are actually the same object (or idea, or person, or whatever), while &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; means that they have many characteristics in common. For example, say you are walking down the street and see a random person. The next day, you happen to see that person again. You'd probably think &lt;em&gt;&quot;Debe de ser la misma persona&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, that is, it probably was the same person you see both days. However, if you somehow found out it was actually a pair of twins you saw, you'd think something like &lt;em&gt;&quot;Con razón; eran iguales&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;&quot;No wonder; they looked the same&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, &lt;em&gt;lo mismo&lt;/em&gt; is about identity, &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; is about appearance or characteristics. Let's say your grandma says &lt;em&gt;&quot;Estás igual a tu padre&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;You look just like your father&lt;/em&gt;). It makes sense, because &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean you are the same person, it just means you look alike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a further example, say a couple is getting divorced. The man asks why, and his wife says &lt;em&gt;&quot;No eres la misma persona que cuando te conocí&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;You are not the same person as when I met you&lt;/em&gt;). Physically, the man may look just like the time they met, but he may have changed in other ways, and therefore is not considered the same person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastEditorUserId="23" LastEditDate="2011-11-20T22:33:03.397" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T22:33:03.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="416" CreationDate="2011-11-20T19:32:49.837" Score="5" ViewCount="3515" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does the phrase &quot;to be for the best&quot; translate into Spanish? My first thought was &quot;es para lo mejor&quot;, but as this is fairly idiomatic in English I figured the translation might not be that literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To be for the best&lt;/strong&gt;: used to say that a particular event may seem bad now, but might have a good result later:&#xA; &lt;em&gt;I still don't want him to go but maybe it's for the best.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T22:38:48.487" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T22:38:48.487" Title="How to translate &quot;It's for the best&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="414" CreationDate="2011-11-20T19:50:45.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es para mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=best&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;for the best&quot; is translated to &quot;para bien&quot;, but I have never used it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T19:50:45.130" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="414" CreationDate="2011-11-20T20:18:56.397" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the best options are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Es lo mejor&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;ser lo mejor&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que vaya, pero quizá es lo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que vaya, pero quizá sea lo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que vaya, pero será lo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T02:16:19.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-21T02:49:38.210" Score="10" ViewCount="3490" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to express simple past time actions and conditions in Spanish. One is the preterite,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comí tacos.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I ate tacos.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Besé a una chica.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I kissed a girl.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the other is the imperfect,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comía tacos.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I ate tacos.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Besaba a una chica.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I kissed a girl.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and they are not interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the Spanish imperfect is compared to the English imperfect (&quot;I was eating tacos.&quot;) or the used to paraphrase (&quot;I used to kiss a girl.&quot;), but there are many cases where those don't mean the same thing as each other and even more where they don't mean the same thing as the imperfect in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the differences is in indirect speech (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/369/does-indirect-speech-in-spanish-require-changes-in-tense-mood-etc/379#379&quot;&gt;Does indirect speech in Spanish require changes in tense, mood, etc?&lt;/a&gt;) but there are other subtleties.  How do you keep track of them and make them feel natural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T15:42:05.617" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T15:42:05.617" Title="When should you use the preterite or the imperfect to express past time?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="418" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="425" CreationDate="2011-11-21T04:25:22.573" Score="17" ViewCount="112386" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando leo artículos de Wikipedia, o libros historicales, es muy común encontrar una frase como &lt;em&gt;siglo [numeración romana]&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aljedrez, tal como se conoce actualmente, surgió en Europa durante el siglo XV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé como puedo decir &lt;em&gt;siglo XV&lt;/em&gt;, porque solo he encontrado en escrituras; nunca lo he oido. ¿Cuál de estas opciones es el correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siglo quince&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siglo decimoquinto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siglo equis-ve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T18:49:21.183" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia un número de siglo?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="418" CreationDate="2011-11-21T05:12:00.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice «siglo quince» siempre, como si fuera un numero arabe «siglo 15». No sigue el patrón de ingles con numeración ordinal, &quot;fifteenth century.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente se dice «siglo veinte» y «siglo ventiuno». Nunca he escuchado los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T05:12:00.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="423" CreationDate="2011-11-21T06:02:30.193" Score="12" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guion_ortogr%C3%A1fico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia: about Guion ortográfico&lt;/a&gt; I found mentioned&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Separar algunas palabras compuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but there are no examples given. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these foreign words or are there proper examples in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="101" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T00:49:25.737" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T19:58:49.913" Title="Are there any true nouns containing a hyphen in the Spanish language?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-11-21T08:05:45.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=gui%F3n#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This is the RAE article in the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of examples and all the rules to use the hyphen. Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T09:22:35.123" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T09:22:35.123" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="417" CreationDate="2011-11-21T08:14:30.173" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use the preterite for an action that happened at a distinct point in time. So to expand on your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comí tacos ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I ate tacos &lt;strong&gt;yesterday&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Besé a una chica en la fiesta anoche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I kissed a girl at the party &lt;strong&gt;last night&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These were both specific points in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect is used for actions that happened over a period of time, and it is also commonly used in place of &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt; + gerund.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando era joven, comía tacos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When I was young, I would eat tacos.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;When I was young, I used to eat tacos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Besaba a una chica durante la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I was kissing a girl during the movie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice my first example; this is a very common pattern in Spanish in which both tenses are used. The imperfect is used for the ongoing action that was occurring when the other one interrupted or occurred. For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lavaba los platos cuando el teléfono sonó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I was washing the dishes when the phone rang.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as mentioned, &lt;em&gt;estaba lavando&lt;/em&gt; could also have been used there, but it's common to say it the way I did as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, if a distinct point of time is mentioned (&lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt; is usually distinct, &lt;em&gt;cuando era niño&lt;/em&gt; is usually not) and the action was not ongoing in the context of the sentence, use the preterite. Otherwise, use the imperfect. Note that &lt;em&gt;cuando era niño&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; also require the preterite if you are talking about something that happened once, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando era niño, fumé &lt;strong&gt;una vez&lt;/strong&gt; con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When I was little, I smoked with my friends once.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-04T19:22:33.867" LastActivityDate="2019-08-04T19:22:33.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-11-21T08:52:00.923" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are proper examples in Spanish. They are usually two adjectives that describe a very specific quality of the object (in most cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Franco-alemán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lógico-matemático&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Físico-químico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Histórico-artístico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cirujano-anestesista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anti-Mussolini&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These words are not foreign, as said they describe something specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some rules as to the usage of the hyphen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The compound words with Spanish lexemes are usually written with a hyphen when they maintain their tonic syllable or maintain certain independence: &lt;strong&gt;teórico-práctico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is also used when there are deleted prepositions between words in apposition and when the second word is a noun with a upper case letter: &lt;strong&gt;anti-Otan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words with a prefix that are constructed in apposition are written without the hyphen: &lt;strong&gt;coche bomba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To separate a prefix from its base: &lt;strong&gt;re-presentación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To represent various words with a desire of a Unitarian presentation, usually used in philosophical texts: Sartre &lt;strong&gt;ser-para-sí, ser-para-otro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code numbers, prefixes or letters: &lt;strong&gt;DC-10&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Barcelona-92&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=guion&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt; for a more complete explanation, (or search for &lt;em&gt;guión&lt;/em&gt; in the DPD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T19:58:49.913" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T19:58:49.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="94" CreationDate="2011-11-21T11:39:02.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There aren't any differences between the &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; forms in the present subjunctive. Any irregularity comes from the &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt; stem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, the &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; conjugation has an &quot;s&quot; just like the &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; conjugation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="159" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:21:42.713" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:21:42.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="418" CreationDate="2011-11-21T12:46:08.777" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se trata de siglos, los números romanos del I al X se leen indistintamente como ordinales o como cardinales y se da preferencia, en el lenguaje culto, al uso del ordinal, pero del siglo XI en adelante solo se utiliza en la lectura el cardinal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo I: &quot;siglo primero&quot; o &quot;siglo uno&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo II: &quot;siglo segundo&quot; o &quot;siglo dos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo III: &quot;siglo tercero&quot; o &quot;siglo tres&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo IV: &quot;siglo cuarto&quot; o &quot;siglo cuatro&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo V: &quot;siglo quinto&quot; o &quot;siglo cinco&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo VI: &quot;siglo sexto&quot; o &quot;siglo seis&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo VII: &quot;siglo séptimo&quot; o &quot;siglo siete&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo VIII: &quot;siglo octavo&quot; o &quot;siglo ocho&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo IX: &quot;siglo noveno&quot; o &quot;siglo nueve&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo X: &quot;siglo décimo&quot; o &quot;siglo diez&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XI: &quot;siglo once&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XI: &quot;siglo doce&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XIII: &quot;siglo trece&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XV: &quot;siglo quince&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XX: &quot;siglo veinte&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglo XXI: &quot;siglo veintiuno&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver el último párrafo del numeral 8 en &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=cardinales&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;Cardinales - Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T13:42:12.680" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T13:42:12.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="597" CreationDate="2011-11-21T14:46:32.023" Score="10" ViewCount="9273" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two very common ways in Spanish to say the equivalent of &quot;again&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de nuevo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;otra vez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I use them pretty randomly because I've never been able to pick up on any differences in how native speakers use them. Are there any differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T18:12:29.507" Title="Are there any subtle differences between &quot;de nuevo&quot; and &quot;otra vez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="426" CreationDate="2011-11-21T15:09:41.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are used pretty much interchangeably. Check this page, &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/vocabulary/qt/againqt.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saying again in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, it has some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some expressions in English where you would use &quot;again&quot;, but that in Spanish change form or that are slightly different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Never again&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;¡nunca más!&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;¡nunca jamás!&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Again and again&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;una y otra vez&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now and again&lt;/strong&gt; (also &lt;strong&gt;from time to time&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;every so often&lt;/strong&gt;) = &lt;em&gt;de vez en cuando&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then again&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;por otra parte&lt;/em&gt; (synonym of &lt;em&gt;además&lt;/em&gt; in this case).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T15:09:41.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="426" CreationDate="2011-11-21T15:13:10.593" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &quot;&lt;em&gt;de nuevo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;nuevamente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; sounds more like &quot;&lt;em&gt;all over again&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;otra vez&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is just &quot;&lt;em&gt;again&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que hacerlo de nuevo. &amp;mdash; I have to do it all over again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que hacerlo otra vez. &amp;mdash; I have to do it again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As noted, these differences are very subtle, in many cases &quot;&lt;em&gt;de nuevo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;nuevamente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;otra vez&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be used interchangeably. However in some cases &quot;&lt;em&gt;de nuevo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;nuevamente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) is used in meaning &lt;em&gt;&quot;anew&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, then changing it for &lt;em&gt;&quot;otra vez&quot;&lt;/em&gt; changes the meaning of the sentence slightly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T16:38:43.960" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T16:38:43.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="430" CreationDate="2011-11-21T17:12:11.423" Score="12" ViewCount="1714" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English verb &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; typically translates to either &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in both Spanish and Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any instance in which the &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; /&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; distinction is different between Spanish and Portuguese? To clarify, could &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; be translated as &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; on one language and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; on the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T09:49:09.430" LastActivityDate="2020-01-19T16:35:37.370" Title="&quot;Ser&quot; and &quot;Estar&quot;: Spanish vs. Portuguese" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="429" CreationDate="2011-11-21T17:34:04.487" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (as in Portuguese), &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used for things that are transient in nature or potentially changeable; &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is used for things that are consistent or stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference I can find is that in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used for location, among many other things, but &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; virtually never is.  In Portuguese, both estar and ser are used, based on whether the location has a potential to be transient in nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; would be used for both the location of a house and a car, in Spanish.  In Portuguese, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; would be used for a car and &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; would be used for a house, since the location of the house cannot change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Portuguese/Contents/Ser_and_estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T06:05:18.663" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T06:05:18.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="437" CreationDate="2011-11-21T17:46:32.713" Score="9" ViewCount="10419" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has several words for referring to children:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;niño/niña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chico/chica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;muchacho/muchacha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;joven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some dialects add others like &lt;em&gt;chavo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;chavalo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the approximate age ranges these words refer to? For example, could you call an 11 year old a &lt;em&gt;niño&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;muchacho&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt;? I'm sure this varies from person to person and place to place, but in general what group of children do each of these words refer to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T16:41:44.790" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T14:35:02.733" Title="Age range of niño, chico, muchacho, joven, etc" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17265" CreationDate="2011-11-21T18:03:07.090" Score="12" ViewCount="7979" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has two generic words for &lt;em&gt;school&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;. I have heard different explanations for what phases of schooling each word refers to. For example, I've been told that &lt;em&gt;colegio&lt;/em&gt; refers only to high school and also that it can describe any school all that way down to kindergarten or first grade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other school words are more obvious: &lt;em&gt;primaria&lt;/em&gt; means primary school, &lt;em&gt;secundaria&lt;/em&gt; means secondary school, &lt;em&gt;universidad&lt;/em&gt; means university. But for &lt;em&gt;escuela&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;colegio&lt;/em&gt;, what grade or age range do they most commonly refer to? Are there any major regional differences from the norm?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T22:38:06.507" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:22:51.357" Title="Definition of 'escuela' and 'colegio'" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="435" CreationDate="2011-11-21T18:14:48.827" Score="13" ViewCount="22362" Body="&lt;p&gt;The letter &quot;k&quot; is rarely seen in Spanish. What is the origin of Spanish words containing a &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;? Are most recent loanwords from modern languages, influences from older languages (Latin or Greek), or of an even earlier origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T18:39:46.253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T20:47:38.247" Title="The letter &quot;k&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2011-11-21T18:36:47.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, el término &quot;escuela&quot; (referido al sitio en donde se instruye a los niños) se utiliza sobre todo para las instituciones públicas de educación primaria, aunque (dependiendo del contexto) puede usarse &quot;escuela&quot; también para una institución privada de educación primaria. El término &quot;colegio&quot; se utiliza para todas las instituciones, indistintamente de su caracter público o privado, de educación primaria y secundaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque usualmente se usan &quot;escuela&quot; y &quot;colegio&quot; para instituciones de educación primaria o secundaria, existen universidades que en su nombre utilizan las palabras &quot;escuela&quot; o &quot;colegio&quot;, por ejemplo la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.escuelaing.edu.co/es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería&lt;/a&gt; o el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urosario.edu.co/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T14:23:04.787" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T14:23:04.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="433" CreationDate="2011-11-21T18:44:11.203" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia page for the Spanish language, under &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language#Writing_system&quot;&gt;Writing system&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, they are all loanwords (directly integrated or words &quot;adapted&quot; to the Spanish writing system):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The letters &quot;k&quot; and &quot;w&quot; are used only in words and names coming from foreign languages (kilo, folklore, whiskey, William, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The single origin for each word is obviously different, and I think we should go singularly. But the main point is that I don't think there are &quot;native&quot; Spanish words with a &quot;K&quot;. I say &quot;native&quot;, because after a while, any loanword (if used by people) becomes a legitimate word in a given language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T18:53:23.180" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T18:53:23.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2011-11-21T18:56:14.790" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every country has a different usage, and sometimes you can't even trust those conventions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, &lt;em&gt;escuela&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;usually&lt;/strong&gt; means primary school, and &lt;em&gt;colegio&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;usually&lt;/strong&gt; means secondary school, in both cases assuming no additional context. But primary school students can refer to their school as &lt;em&gt;colegio&lt;/em&gt; too, and many secondary schools have &lt;em&gt;escuela&lt;/em&gt; in their names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the only way to be sure is to be specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T18:56:14.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="431" CreationDate="2011-11-21T19:04:06.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; region-specific, but here's a take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;niño/a&lt;/em&gt;: 2 - pre-teen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;chico/a&lt;/em&gt;: 2 - teen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchacho/a&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt;: teen - 30&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, a 11 year old is definitely a niño/chico (there are regional preferences for one or the other, but they mean the same in this context). &lt;em&gt;Muchachito&lt;/em&gt; could also be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T19:04:06.300" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="439" CreationDate="2011-11-21T19:06:25.760" Score="9" ViewCount="2039" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, I often use &quot;just wanted to&quot; to soften the force of a question or statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to ask if it was okay with you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to make sure you were coming to the meeting tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to see what you thought about this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural way in Spanish to convey this sense? Does the literal translation (&lt;em&gt;Quería preguntarte...&lt;/em&gt;) make sense, or is it better to use another option (&lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;me gustaría&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T02:16:40.957" Title="Best translation of &quot;just wanted to&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="438" CreationDate="2011-11-21T19:21:28.273" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo/solamente quería...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, considering your sentence I could say something like this (the translations might change, the main point is the expression you were looking for):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solo quería preguntarte si estabas de acuerdo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solamente quería asegurarme de que ibas a venir a la reunión mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solo quería saber qué pensabas de esto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="84" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T02:16:40.957" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T02:16:40.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="438" CreationDate="2011-11-21T19:27:34.767" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que lo apropiado es usar las formas &amp;quot;quisiera&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;me gustaría&amp;quot; o incluso &amp;quot;quería&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to ask if it was okay with you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si le parece bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si le parece bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería saber si está de acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to make sure you were coming to the meeting tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería asegurarme de que ibas a asistir a la reunión mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wanted to see what you thought about this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber qué piensa usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber su opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería saber qué piensa usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T19:36:18.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="442" CreationDate="2011-11-21T22:15:46.937" Score="14" ViewCount="10300" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;no way&quot; is similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/172/how-to-translate-the-idiomatic-expressions-i-wish-and-you-wish&quot;&gt;this question about the expression &quot;you wish!&quot;&lt;/a&gt; but is perhaps more of an expression of disbelief or rejection of what the other speaker says (short for There is no way that just happened!). It also can be friendly enough to be used jokingly or teasingly, like when another person says &quot;Yes way&quot; back and you say &quot;no way!&quot; again (like &quot;nuh uh&quot; / &quot;uh huh&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I have heard just &lt;em&gt;que no&lt;/em&gt; used - for example, perhaps something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Cuando llegué a casa, el perro habia comido mi tarea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Que no!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=110254&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This discussion on &quot;a que sí&quot; o &quot;a que no&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, like some others I found while searching, makes it seem like &quot;a que no&quot; is the way this might be said, so maybe I haven't heard the &quot;a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the conversation were such that the interlocutor disagreed with the assertion, the exchange would be as follows:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A: He's really bright. -- Es muy inteligente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Yeah right! -- A que no!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;que no!&lt;/em&gt; a good translation of &lt;em&gt;no way!&lt;/em&gt; or is there a better one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="126" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T05:32:02.887" Title="What is the most idiomatic translation of &quot;no way!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2011-11-21T22:33:53.463" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually there are a few possible translations given the context and country where you want to say &amp;quot;No way!&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡De ninguna manera!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni pensarlo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No hay el menor peligro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni lo sueñes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni hablar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T04:53:26.677" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2011-11-21T22:37:10.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usual expressions that could be equivalent to &quot;no way!&quot; are:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni en sueños! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni lo sueñes!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Ni de riesgos!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one appears in the DRAE, under &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YeJqim2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;sueño&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni en sueños&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;ni por sueños&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. advs. coloqs. U. para negar enfáticamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And under &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SxCsyei&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;pienso&quot;&lt;/a&gt; one finds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni por pienso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. U. para ponderar que algo ha estado tan lejos de suceder o ejecutarse, que ni aun se ha ofrecido en el pensamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T21:16:25.520" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T21:16:25.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2011-11-21T22:39:39.193" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la mejor traducción sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No jodas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero depende del país y el contexto (no vale para todo y es una expresión muy coloquial)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No mames!&#xA;  ¡No me chingues!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastEditorUserId="107" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T19:27:25.040" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T19:27:25.040" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="433" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:02:30.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the words containing a k come from foreign languages. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ketchup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kiwi&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are, obviously some words that are names of people or places:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kenia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kansas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also words that come from names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kafkiano (from Kafka)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keniata (from Kenia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, Spanish come from Latin and Greek and the 'k' letter comes from the 'kappa' Greek letter. So I think the words that come directly from Greek can be considered &lt;em&gt;original&lt;/em&gt; words. For example all the words starting by kilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kilogramo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kilolitro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the foreign words that contain the 'k' letter are translated using the 'qu'. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiosco (From French: kiosque)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chequear (From English: check)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-30T02:16:07.867" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T02:16:07.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="448" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:09:25.327" Score="12" ViewCount="3228" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/252/names-of-letters-b-and-v&quot;&gt;another question&lt;/a&gt;, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_orthography#Alternative_names&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; was quoted saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The letters ⟨b⟩ and ⟨v⟩ were originally simply known as &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt;. However, there is no longer any distinction between the sounds of these letters—their accepted names are &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What were the historical sounds of the letters &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;? When did they change to their current forms as pronounced today?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:58:14.780" LastActivityDate="2019-06-18T09:55:07.377" Title="Historical pronunciation of letters &quot;b&quot; and &quot;v&quot;" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="288" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:10:20.273" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacerlo contar&lt;/em&gt; does not make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haz que cuente&lt;/em&gt; (imperative) is a better translation but I think it is still too literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I would use: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprovéchala&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other phrases that you may use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Haz que valga la pena. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Haz que importe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T10:13:02.213" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T10:13:02.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="446" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:22:24.240" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, en español, las dos letras representan el sonido bilabial sonoro /b/. Las dos letras llegaron al español provenientes del latín, en donde sí tenían sonidos diferentes (bilabial para la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; y labidental para la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;) pero, en español siempre han tenido el mismo sonido, salvo por algunas excepciones regionales (por ejemplo en Valencia, en los hispanoparlantes de Cataluña y en ciertas regiones de América) debidas a efectos  espontáneos de la pronunciación en tales regiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de las anteriores excepciones regionales, la distinción en la pronunciación de la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; es considerada un error por la Real Academia Española desde 1726, aunque hasta comienzos del siglo XX hubo cierta ambigüedad y confusión ya que en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; se recomendaba la pronunciación labiodental de la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; (una decisión un tanto &lt;em&gt;chauvinista&lt;/em&gt; inspirada en la distinción que otras lenguas hacían entre los sonidos de la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La situación quedó zanjada definitivamente en 1911 cuando la Real Academia Española dejó de recomendar la distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El numeral 3 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; contiene detalles adicionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T00:07:13.667" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T00:07:13.667" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:37:14.600" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've also heard &lt;em&gt;¡No me digas!&lt;/em&gt; used in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This discussion, though not authoritative, somewhat supports this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quora.com/How-can-I-say-the-equivalent-of-the-Ironic-Spanish-Expression-ahh-si-no-me-digas-in-English&quot;&gt;http://www.quora.com/How-can-I-say-the-equivalent-of-the-Ironic-Spanish-Expression-ahh-si-no-me-digas-in-English&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T23:37:14.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-21T23:55:25.203" Score="16" ViewCount="20457" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the US State I live in, I sometimes hear Spanish speakers greet one another by simply staying &quot;Bueno&quot;. I didn't hear this when I was recently in Mexico, although I realize I may just have not noticed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How or when is &quot;bueno&quot; used as a greeting? Is it considered slang, and what are some considerations in its use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it used a greeting in Spanish in other places beyond my lone state in the US?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:26:15.240" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T21:11:44.847" Title="&quot;Bueno&quot; as hello or greeting?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="450" CreationDate="2011-11-22T00:27:54.797" Score="24" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Bueno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is used as a greeting when answering the phone (primarily in Mexico). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buenas! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a short form of &lt;em&gt;buenos/as (días|tardes|noches)&lt;/em&gt; is used as greeting in some regions of Spain and Latin America (Colombia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Mexico). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T11:22:28.903" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T11:22:28.903" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="454" CreationDate="2011-11-22T00:51:00.567" Score="9" ViewCount="18715" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/450/bueno-as-hello-or-greeting&quot;&gt;Another question&lt;/a&gt; brings up the fact that in many countries, &lt;em&gt;¡Buenas!&lt;/em&gt; is used as a greeting (as an abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;Buenas tardes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Buenas noches&lt;/em&gt;). In regions where this is the case, what should be said in the morning (that is, when saying &lt;em&gt;Buenos días&lt;/em&gt; is appropriate)? &lt;em&gt;Días&lt;/em&gt; is masculine, not feminine, so does the greeting become &lt;em&gt;¡Buenos!&lt;/em&gt;? Or is the feminine form used at all times during the day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T11:29:36.197" Title="¡Buenas! greeting in morning" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="452" CreationDate="2011-11-22T01:12:51.960" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the time of the day, &lt;em&gt;¡Buenas!&lt;/em&gt; is understood as an abbreviated greeting. Couldn't elaborate more on the exact meaning of why it is used like this, but we have become used to it as a very generic and informal way of greeting.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is however a very informal greeting, so in any other situation &lt;em&gt;Buenos días&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Buenas tardes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Buenas noches&lt;/em&gt; should be used to avoid being considered disrespectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T01:12:51.960" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-22T02:37:14.433" Score="9" ViewCount="1096" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some verbs that seem to have quite distinct meanings in the preterite tense. I don't know whether they also seem to change meanings to native speakers or if it just seems completely natural to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que ella me engaña. → I know she's cheating on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabía que ella me engañaba. → I knew she was cheating on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supe que ella me engañaba. → I found out that she was cheating on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterite version usually seems to have a distinct aspect of a cusp or distinct change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;poder&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ganar el juego. → She can win the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podía ganar el juego. → She was capable of winning the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pudo ganar el juego. → She succeeded in winning the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pudo ganar el juego. → She failed to win the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;code&gt;poder&lt;/code&gt; here seems much more poetic (and more common in quotidian speech) than something like &lt;code&gt;fracasar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tener éxito&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other verbs that change their meaning so distinctly in the preterite? Is there some way to recognize them, some sense of meaning that requires the change? Or do they just need to be memorized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T23:42:02.383" Title="Words that mean different things in the preterite" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="461" CreationDate="2011-11-22T06:19:19.307" Score="18" ViewCount="1193" Body="&lt;p&gt;My dictionary uses &lt;strong&gt;guión&lt;/strong&gt; while &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guion_ortogr%C3%A1fico&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; writes &lt;strong&gt;guion&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=guion,gui%C3%B3n&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=1&quot;&gt;Google ngram&lt;/a&gt; and was nearly convinced that Wikipedia was wrong because nobody else seems to use that spelling today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was really surprised to learn from &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=gui%F3n&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; that both spellings are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other words which could similarly be written in multiple ways with and without accent marks and the same meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="101" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T18:40:18.720" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T09:55:20.257" Title="&quot;Guion&quot; vs &quot;Guión&quot; - Are there other words which could be written in multiple ways?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="459" CreationDate="2011-11-22T09:26:55.917" Score="14" ViewCount="8105" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, some nouns have regular plural forms ending in -s or -es and fewer are irregular. Fish in the plural is still fish while child becomes children. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, nearly all nouns are regular, adding -s or -es. The rule is even simpler than in English (-es is for words that end in consonants and accented vowels other than &lt;em&gt;é&lt;/em&gt;, s for all others).  Also, words that end in &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; change the &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; in the plural to retain a pleasing sound in all regional accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some words borrowed from other languages that have irregular plurals.  In Mexico, the weekly markets are called &lt;em&gt;tianguis&lt;/em&gt; (singular: &lt;em&gt;tianguis&lt;/em&gt; plural: &lt;em&gt;tianguis&lt;/em&gt;) after the Nahuatl word for the same weekly markets (often in the exact same places). &lt;em&gt;Tianguis&lt;/em&gt; has been a common Spanish word since around A.D. 1520 but it still seems like a piece of traditional pre-hispanic Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any native or fully absorbed Spanish nouns with irregular plurals? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T12:57:07.330" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T20:41:05.943" Title="Are there any nouns with irregular plurals in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="433" CreationDate="2011-11-22T10:11:04.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;K&quot; also has a seemingly widespread slang use in texting / SMSing and online chatting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it stands for the words &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; but also any part of any word with the sound &lt;code&gt;/ke/&lt;/code&gt; such as &lt;code&gt;porque&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I wouldn't be surprised if there are some words borrowed from Native American languages such as Quiche and Quechua that are spelled with &quot;k&quot; at least informally and regionally. I think I've seen it on signs in Chiapas and Guatemala but I can't say for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T10:11:04.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="457" CreationDate="2011-11-22T10:12:12.903" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=plural&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; the complete reference guide for plurals in Spanish by RAE. In that document you can read that there are some differences from the general rules, which aren't as simple as you described but are quite closed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example some words coming from other languages can have the same word for singular as for plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(from Latin) El currículum vitae  --&amp;gt; Los currículum vitae&#xA;(from French) El crómlech --&amp;gt; Los crómlech&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the stressed syllable doesn't change in plurals, but there are 3 exceptions that have different stressed syllable in singular than in plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Régimen (&lt;strong&gt;Ré&lt;/strong&gt;-gi-men) --&gt;Regímenes (Re-&lt;strong&gt;gí&lt;/strong&gt;-me-nes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espécimen (Es-&lt;strong&gt;pé&lt;/strong&gt;-ci-men) --&gt;Especímenes(Es-pe-&lt;strong&gt;cí&lt;/strong&gt;-me-nes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carácter (Ca-&lt;strong&gt;rác&lt;/strong&gt;-ter) --&gt;Caracteres(Ca-rac-&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;-res)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-23T08:20:04.543" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T08:20:04.543" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2011-11-22T10:45:37.097" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Larousse Gran Diccionario has a whole mini section on this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;◆ &lt;strong&gt;no way&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;adv Fam&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;can I borrow it? - no way!&lt;/strong&gt; ¿me lo dejas? - ¡ni hablar! &lt;em&gt;or Esp&lt;/em&gt; ¡de eso nada!; &lt;em&gt;US&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;we're getting married - no way!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(expressing surprise)&lt;/em&gt; nos vamos a casar - ¡no me digas or &lt;em&gt;Esp&lt;/em&gt; fastidies!; &lt;strong&gt;no way am I going to help them&lt;/strong&gt; ni de casualidad les voy a ayudar; &lt;em&gt;Fam&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;no way, José!&lt;/strong&gt; de eso nada, monada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T10:45:37.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="456" CreationDate="2011-11-22T11:13:27.150" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are other pairs of words which can be written with and without accent marks; for example (definitions taken from the DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;omóplato u omoplato. (Del lat. omoplăte, y este del gr. ὠμοπλάτη).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Anat. Cada uno de los dos huesos anchos, casi planos, situados a uno y otro lado de la espalda, donde se articulan los húmeros y las&#xA;  clavículas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;período o periodo. (Del lat. periŏdus, y este del gr. περίοδος).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Tiempo que algo tarda en volver al estado o posición que tenía al principio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Espacio de tiempo que incluye toda la duración de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Menstruo de las mujeres y de las hembras de ciertos animales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cronol. Ciclo de tiempo. Período juliano, de Metón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Fís. Tiempo que tarda un fenómeno periódico en recorrer todas sus fases, como el que emplea un péndulo en su movimiento de vaivén,&gt; la Tierra en su movimiento alrededor del Sol, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. Conjunto de oraciones que, enlazadas unas con otras gramaticalmente, adquieren sentido completo. U. más refiriéndose a las&#xA;  construcciones condicionales, concesivas o semejantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mat. Cifra o grupo de cifras que se repiten indefinidamente, después del cociente entero, en las divisiones inexactas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Med. Tiempo que duran ciertos fenómenos que se observan en el curso de las enfermedades.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;icono o ícono.&#xA;(Del fr. icône, este del ruso ikona, y este del gr. bizant. εἰκών, -όνος).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Representación religiosa de pincel o relieve, usada en las iglesias cristianas orientales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Tabla pintada con técnica bizantina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Signo que mantiene una relación de semejanza con el objeto representado; p. ej., las señales de cruce, badén o curva en las carreteras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Inform. Representación gráfica esquemática utilizada para identificar funciones o programas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;amoniaco o amoníaco.&#xA;(Del lat. ammoniăcum, y este del gr. ἀμμωνιακόν, de Amón, Júpiter, en Libia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Quím. Gas incoloro, de olor irritante, soluble en agua, compuesto de un átomo de nitrógeno y tres de hidrógeno. Es un producto&#xA;  básico en la industria química. (Fórm. NH3).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Quím. Disolución acuosa de amoniaco al 35 %, que desprende amoniaco gaseoso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Goma resinosa en lágrimas o en masa, compuesta de grumos de color amarillo rojizo por fuera y blanco por dentro, de sabor algo&#xA;  amargo y nauseabundo y olor desagradable. Se usaba como medicamento&#xA;  expectorante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;misil o mísil.&#xA;(Del lat. missĭlis, arrojadizo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Proyectil autopropulsado, guiado electrónicamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;elegíaco, ca o elegiaco, ca.&#xA;(Del lat. elegiăcus, y este del gr. ἐλεγιακός).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la elegía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Lastimero, triste.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;demoníaco, ca o demoniaco, ca.&#xA;(Del lat. daemoniăcus, y este del gr. δαιμονιακός).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al demonio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. endemoniado (‖ poseído). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;exegeta o exégeta.&#xA;(Del gr. ἐξηγητής).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;com. Persona que interpreta o expone un texto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, and having spent some really nice time finding these examples, now I have found this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_palabras_con_doble_acentuaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lista de palabras con doble acentuación&lt;/a&gt; which includes five of the eight examples above and has some more. Well, two of my examples (the pairs &lt;em&gt;elegíaco-elegiaco&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;demoníaco-demoniaco&lt;/em&gt;) and the last one (suggested by Auron in a comment) are not in that list so my answer at least gives three new examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T11:05:43.190" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T11:05:43.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="457" CreationDate="2011-11-22T12:56:42.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is one entire class of nouns in Spanish which are all regular plurals of the type similar to English &quot;sheep&quot; and &quot;fish&quot; except instead of the singular also being the plural, the plural is also the singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a class of Spanish compound nouns formed by joining a verb with a plural noun. They are all masculine and always the same form is used for both singular and plural despite all ending in &lt;code&gt;-s&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-es&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact they are such a particular favourite of mine that I have been collecting them for years and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category%3aSpanish_verb_plus_plural_noun_compounds&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I created a special place in Wiktionary to gather them into a category&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It ranges from really common ones like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cumplea%C3%B1os&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cumpleaños&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to ones I've never heard before like &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tumbaburros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There are probably other regular plurals, too, but I can't think of any just yet.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T18:14:49.037" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T18:14:49.037" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="463" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="465" CreationDate="2011-11-22T14:30:06.163" Score="12" ViewCount="2616" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/457/are-there-any-nouns-with-irregular-plurals-in-spanish&quot;&gt;This recent question about irregular plurals&lt;/a&gt; led me to a couple of odd and interesting words that apparently mean &quot;dictionary&quot; in at least one sense each:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mataburros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mataburros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tumbaburros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The connection between dictionaries and donkeys and their knocking over or killing seems tenuous at best. Does anybody know if there's a story behind them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus question, my dictionary says &lt;em&gt;mataburros&lt;/em&gt; is rioplatense and Wiktionary says it also means &lt;em&gt;grille guard&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;bumper guard&lt;/em&gt;. Whereas for &lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt; my dictionary says it's Mexican and also means &lt;em&gt;bull bar&lt;/em&gt;. Do these regional tags and other senses match what you know?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-04-21T06:52:16.770" Title="How did the words &quot;mataburros&quot; and &quot;tumbaburros&quot; come to mean &quot;dictionary&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="456" CreationDate="2011-11-22T14:37:06.593" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 2010, RAE made &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap0&quot;&gt;a number of changes in Spanish spelling&lt;/a&gt;.  One of them was exclusion of the graphical accent in monosyllabic words with diphtongs or triphthongs: &lt;em&gt;guion, truhan, fie, liais&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, RAE introduced strict rules to define what is a &lt;strong&gt;diphtong&lt;/strong&gt; for spelling purposes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;an open vowel (/a/, /e/, /o/) followed or preceded by a closed unstressed vowel  (/i/, /u/): estab-&lt;strong&gt;ai&lt;/strong&gt;-s, conf-&lt;strong&gt;ia&lt;/strong&gt;-r, d-&lt;strong&gt;ia&lt;/strong&gt;-r-&lt;strong&gt;io&lt;/strong&gt;, af-&lt;strong&gt;ei&lt;/strong&gt;-tar, v-&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;-nto, p-&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;, d-&lt;strong&gt;oy&lt;/strong&gt; etc (here hyphens do not mean anything at all, I was forced to use them to be able to emphasise word parts).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;two different closed vowels (/i/, /u/): tr-&lt;strong&gt;iu&lt;/strong&gt;-nfo, incl-&lt;strong&gt;ui&lt;/strong&gt;-do etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, they defined what is a &lt;strong&gt;triphthong&lt;/strong&gt; for spelling purposes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an open vowel between two closed unstressed vowels: conf-&lt;strong&gt;iái&lt;/strong&gt;-s, act-&lt;strong&gt;uái&lt;/strong&gt;-s, punt-&lt;strong&gt;uéi&lt;/strong&gt;-s, g-&lt;strong&gt;uau&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, &lt;strong&gt;a number of words that were previously two-syllable words became monosyllabic&lt;/strong&gt; for spelling purposes (without any change in pronunciacion) and therefore do not need a graphical accent. These words are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las palabras afectadas por este cambio son formas verbales como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;crie, crio, criais, crieis&lt;/em&gt; y las de voseo &lt;em&gt;crias, cria&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;criar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fie, fio, fiais, fieis&lt;/em&gt; y las de voseo &lt;em&gt;fias, fia&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fiar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;flui, fluis&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fluir&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;frio, friais&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;freír&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;frui, fruis&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fruir&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;guie, guio, guiais, guieis&lt;/em&gt; y las de voseo &lt;em&gt;guias, guia&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;guiar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;hui, huis&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;huir&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;lie, lio, liais, lieis&lt;/em&gt; y las de voseo &lt;em&gt;lias, lia&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;liar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pie, pio, piais, pieis&lt;/em&gt; y las de voseo &lt;em&gt;pias, pia&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;piar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;rio, riais&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt;);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sustantivos como &lt;em&gt;guion, ion, muon, pion, prion, ruan&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;truhan&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;y ciertos nombres propios, como &lt;em&gt;Ruan&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Sion&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap0&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Principales novedades de la última edición de la Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T14:37:06.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="463" CreationDate="2011-11-22T14:48:13.873" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;A una persona con pocos conocimientos se le dice coloquialmente &quot;burro&quot;. Un &quot;mataburros&quot; es literalmente algo que elimina a los burros y de ahí que (en Argentina, por ejemplo) al diccionario se le diga &quot;mataburros&quot; pues ayuda a suprimir burros, es decir, personas sin conocimientos. Un caso similar sucede con &quot;tumbaburros&quot; que es otra de las maneras coloquiales (en México al menos) de referirse a un diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al bono, mataburros con el significado de diccionario solo lo he escuchado en Argentina y tumbaburros, también con el significado de diccionario, solo se lo he escuchado a amigos mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T14:48:13.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="463" CreationDate="2011-11-22T14:49:37.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;See hippietrail, the thing is that &quot;&lt;em&gt;burro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is used as a synonym to a person without education. That's why &lt;em&gt;mataburro&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;mata ignorantes&lt;/em&gt; wich means (kill ignorance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Mataburro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; actually is also used as bumper guard (Colombia AFAIK).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T19:58:31.360" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T19:58:31.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="463" CreationDate="2011-11-22T14:50:20.587" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE's dictionary, &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=burro&quot;&gt;mataburros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &lt;em&gt;dictionary&lt;/em&gt; only in  Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, Honduras, Uruguay and Venezuela; &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=burro&quot;&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as you said, only in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;burro&quot; is also used to refer to ignorant/rude/uncivil people, the &quot;mataburro&quot; becomes an object that &quot;kills&quot; those kind of people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T15:37:07.187" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T15:37:07.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="469" CreationDate="2011-11-22T16:15:29.030" Score="17" ViewCount="817" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the word &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; used to mean &quot;guy&quot; or &quot;bloke&quot;, but can't recall (in my admittedly limited experience) having seen it used to imply a positive opinion of someone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I refer to someone as &quot;Ese tío&quot; do I imply that I don't have a high opinion of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto la palabra &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; usada para significar &quot;guy&quot; o &quot;bloke&quot;, pero no puedo recordar (en mi limitada experiencia) haberla visto usada para implicar una opinión positiva de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Si me refiero a alguien como &quot;Ese tío&quot;, estoy implicando que no tengo una alta opinión de el?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-04-02T20:50:36.603" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T20:50:36.603" Title="Does using &quot;tío&quot; imply a negative opinion?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="468" CreationDate="2011-11-22T16:27:43.793" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it has no negative connotation. It can mean &lt;em&gt;guy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bloke&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dude&lt;/em&gt;. It's rather informal slang used in Spain. In the second person it's often used as exclamatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Tío! ¿Pero qué (c...) es esto?&quot;* - *Dude! What (the f...) is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T22:20:16.350" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T22:20:16.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="468" CreationDate="2011-11-22T16:35:34.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use it implying a positive opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué gran tío!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Pero qué gran tío!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it is true that it is commonly used to express neutrality, and in many cases it reflects a negative opinion, being a bit derogatory. Obviously, using &lt;code&gt;tío&lt;/code&gt; with the meaning of &lt;code&gt;dude&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;guy&lt;/code&gt; is only possible in very informal contexts, and generally, it is not acceptable in conversations in highly educated circles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T18:48:49.517" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T18:48:49.517" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="518" CreationDate="2011-11-22T17:50:12.340" Score="13" ViewCount="3245" Body="&lt;p&gt;A bit earlier &lt;a href=&quot;http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/1792/spanish-language-and-usage&quot;&gt;in the chat room&lt;/a&gt; I mentioned that I needed to buy a new jar of coffee, but that I didn't know how to express that in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know a good Spanish word for &quot;jar&quot; in the sense of a glass container with a lid that is opened and closed by a twisting action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DfRi0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;jar of coffee&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;The original jar of instant coffee that inspired the question&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8ivvT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;more jars&quot;&gt;&#xA;Some more jars I found about the place, as an added bonus they all have label in exotic languages: Armenian, Georgian, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be a Spanish cognate of &quot;jar&quot; in &quot;jarro&quot; but to me that doesn't have the sense of &quot;jar&quot; that I'm looking for, though it might for some of the other senses of &quot;jar&quot; (senses I never use in Australian English at any rate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words that came all seemed wrong in one way or another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;tarro&quot; to me is a glass beer mug in Mexico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lata&quot; to me is a metallic can or tin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;envase&quot; is probably OK but it feels more generic like &quot;packaging&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;bote&quot; I think I've only come across meaning something more like &quot;basket&quot; but it's not really in my vocabulary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is any one of these words the most accurate, or is there a word we overlooked, or will it vary from region to region?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a Wikipedia page on jars, but it does not link to a Spanish equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T18:59:14.893" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T09:33:35.057" Title="What Spanish term (or terms) work best to describe a glass jar as used for coffee, jam, etc?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="471" CreationDate="2011-11-22T18:40:23.923" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper Spanish term for a jar would be a &lt;code&gt;frasco&lt;/code&gt;, like in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a comprar un frasco de café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the region, &lt;code&gt;bote de café&lt;/code&gt; could be acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=frasco&quot;&gt;RAE reference to 'frasco'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:16:04.847" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:16:04.847" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="313" CreationDate="2011-11-22T19:14:38.793" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de pronombres que funcionan como complemento verbal no preposicional se denominan, en general, &lt;em&gt;pronombres clíticos&lt;/em&gt;. Cuando anteceden al verbo (&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; encanta; &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; dijo; &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; fue) se llaman &lt;em&gt;proclíticos&lt;/em&gt; y cuando siguen al verbo (ayúdame, díselo, vete) se llaman &lt;em&gt;enclíticos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La colocación de los pronombres clíticos delante o detrás del verbo no es libre, sino que está sometida a ciertas reglas, que han ido variando con el tiempo. El Diccionario panhispánico de dudas recoge las reglas actuales para la colocación de los clíticos en el español general culto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación presento de manera resumida y reorganizada las reglas que determinan la correcta (o incorrecta) colocación de los pronombres clíticos; la discusión completa puede encontrarse en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=pronombres%20personales%20%E1tonos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronombres personales átonos&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Formas simples&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Uso Correcto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los clíticos se anteponen a las formas simples de indicativo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Te lo advierto: me voy».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Os lo garantizo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la lengua escrita, sobretodo si se quiere recrear el lenguaje de épocas pasadas, pueden colocarse pospuestos a principio de oración o después de pausa: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Permitido con restricciones: «Como si adivinara mi pensamiento, díjome al punto: “La verdad es desnuda”» (RBastos Vigilia [Par. 1992]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los clíticos se anteponen también a las formas simples del subjuntivo, tanto a las independientes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Ojalá le concedan el premio».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Quizá lo consiga».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como a las que dependen de otro verbo (explícito o implícito): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Espero que te lo pienses».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Que te vaya bien».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los clíticos se posponen a las formas de imperativo y a las del subjuntivo exhortativo afirmativo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Hazlo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Dígannoslo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Hágase la luz». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La anteposición es obligada a las formas del subjuntivo cuando este va en forma negativa o depende de otro verbo (explícito o implícito): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «No lo hagan».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Les ordeno que se callen».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Que se vayan ahora mismo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los clíticos se posponen a las formas simples de infinitivo y de gerundio: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Al mirarlo, sonrió».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «No conseguirás nada regañándome». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si el infinitivo o el gerundio forman parte de una perífrasis verbal, en la mayor parte de los casos los clíticos pueden colocarse también delante del verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis, que es el que aparece en forma personal: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Debo hacerlo o también «Lo debo hacer». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Tienes que llevárselo o también «Se lo tienes que llevar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: Vais a arrepentiros o también «Os vais a arrepentir».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: Siguió explicándomelo o también «Me lo siguió explicando».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solo es admisible la agregación de enclíticos a un participio cuando aparece en coordinación con otro y no se repite el auxiliar: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Y después de haber adorado a Dios y dádole gracias, se sentaron» (Somers Retrato [Ur. 1990]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Uso Incorrecto:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No se debe usar la posposición de los clíticos cuando el verbo va en forma negativa: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«No díjomelo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «No me lo dijo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es vulgar y debe, por lo tanto, evitarse anteponer los clíticos al subjuntivo exhortativo cuando este no depende de otro verbo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«¡Se callen, carajo!»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «!Cállense, carajo!» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es incorrecto anteponer los clíticos cuando el verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis es impersonal: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«Se lo hay que pedir».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Hay que pedírselo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o si el verbo en forma no personal es el sujeto oracional pospuesto de verbos como parecer, importar, convenir, etc.: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«Lo parecía entender».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Parecía entenderlo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«Lo conviene intentar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Conviene intentarlo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco es normal la anteposición de clíticos con verbos que expresan creencia, temor, deseo, preferencia o conocimiento, como creer, temer, desear, preferir, negar, afirmar, entre otros: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poco natural: «Lo cree haber guardado».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Cree haberlo guardado». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poco natural: «Te prefiero ignorar». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Prefiero ignorarte». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poco natural: «Lo negó saber».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Negó saberlo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El participio no admite con normalidad la agregación de pronombres enclíticos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«Había prometídole su apoyo». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «Le había prometido su apoyo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más forzado aún resulta el uso de enclíticos con participios en función adjetiva que sustituyen a oraciones de relativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: *«El accidente ocurrídole ayer».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correcto: «El accidente que le ocurrió ayer».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Formas compuestas&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo dicho para las formas simples es válido también para las compuestas, teniendo en cuenta que la posposición o anteposición de los pronombres átonos se da siempre con respecto al auxiliar haber, dado que el participio, como norma general, no admite enclíticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-23T11:23:25.363" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T11:23:25.363" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="468" CreationDate="2011-11-22T19:34:57.660" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de la palabra tío no tiene ninguna connotación negativa (ni positiva) y es muy común en el lenguaje coloquial y vulgar en España. El uso es similar al uso que se aplica en inglés a dude, brother ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasa tío!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Whats up, dude!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabes de lo que me he enterado tío, ¡Pilar tiene novio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México y parte de sudamérica es común el uso de wey en lugar de tío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T19:49:39.583" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T19:49:39.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="476" CreationDate="2011-11-22T19:37:21.493" Score="3" ViewCount="1502" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been collecting unusual Spanish words for years. I've been going through them to find any that are not in my dictionaries and found this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tracatera &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not in the DRAE, it's not in Wiktionary (though it's in the requested entries list there), it's not in my Larousse Gran Diccionario, and Google Translate doesn't handle it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to find using a plain old Google search or even a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.au/search?q=tracatera&amp;amp;btnG=Search%20Books&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;tbo=1#sclient=psy-ab&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;safe=off&amp;amp;tbo=1&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;q=tracatero%20OR%20tracatera%20OR%20tracateros%20OR%20tracateras&amp;amp;pbx=1&amp;amp;oq=tracatero%20OR%20tracatera%20OR%20tracateros%20OR%20tracateras&amp;amp;aq=f&amp;amp;aqi=&amp;amp;aql=&amp;amp;gs_sm=e&amp;amp;gs_upl=147204l157493l1l157737l41l36l0l0l0l0l997l10352l0.3.21.8.2.0.1l35l0&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=c481cb41a54360c&amp;amp;biw=853&amp;amp;bih=417&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Books search&lt;/a&gt;. It does seem to be a feminine noun and not just a feminine version of a noun or adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T19:57:50.487" Title="What does &quot;tracatera&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="475" CreationDate="2011-11-22T19:49:13.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tracatera&amp;quot; es un término coloquial (¿posiblemente onomatopéyico?) usado en México para referirse a una &amp;quot;balacera&amp;quot;; he aquí una estrofa de uno de los así denominados &amp;quot;Narco-corridos&amp;quot; en el que se utiliza &amp;quot;tracatera&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sonaba la tracatera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seis federales lloraban&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aprovechó ese momento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y se subió a su blindada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;así salió de su casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pura madre lo paraban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T19:57:50.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="499" CreationDate="2011-11-22T20:33:36.693" Score="4" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another unusual Spanish word I collected in my travels is &lt;code&gt;tascalate&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a drink in Chiapas, Mexico and there are Wikipedia articles about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tascalate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in English&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tascalate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's not in Wiktionary or the DRAE and the Wikipedia article doesn't say where the word comes from. It looks like it could well be derived from normal Spanish morphemes but that doesn't rule out the possibility that it derived from a native language of Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does anybody know the etymology of &quot;tascalate&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T07:53:23.453" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T07:53:23.453" Title="What is the origin of the word &quot;tascalate&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="494" CreationDate="2011-11-22T20:52:09.663" Score="3" ViewCount="1875" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trawling through my collection of interesting Spanish words and found one more wich is not in the DRAE, Wiktionary, Larousse Gran Diccionario, Wikipedia, or Google Translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;surime&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My notes say it had something to do with food in Costa Rica. Google searches lead to a few recipes making it seem like something to do with fish or seafood, but nothing concrete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There's a possibility it's not Spanish or it's a trademark etc, in which case I may have to close the question but knowing for sure will still be a good thing.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T22:28:45.333" Title="What is &quot;surime&quot;?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="516" CreationDate="2011-11-22T21:06:57.193" Score="4" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is one more food word I collected in Costa Rica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sobadito&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my notes I have only written that it has some connection with food. It's from about five years ago so I don't recall anything more. I have checked that it's not in the DRAE, Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Larousse Gran Diccionario, Google Translate, etc. It does get Google hits but many seem to be people's nicknames. Nothing else stands out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does anybody know what &quot;sobadito&quot; is?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T08:34:32.693" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T08:12:14.623" Title="What does &quot;sobadito&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="501" CreationDate="2011-11-22T21:29:46.480" Score="7" ViewCount="4216" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another food related question I collected on my trip through Central America five years ago is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;repocheta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again it's not in Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Larousse Gran Diccionario, Google Translate, or the DRAE. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_cuisine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;It is included in a list in the Wikipedia article about Nicaraguan cuisine&lt;/a&gt;, but it's a red link with no details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know what &quot;repocheta&quot; is, and if it is peculiar to Nicaragua or if it's also a dish in other Central American countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T10:32:14.373" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T17:54:40.873" Title="What exactly is &quot;repocheta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="455" CreationDate="2011-11-22T21:44:30.717" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before your question, I never heard nor read about Spanish verbs that change their meaning when used in some preterite verbal tense. So I read about it, and I found out that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This issue is mainly a way to teach Spanish verbs to English speaking students.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This issue is not formally stated in Spanish grammar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when you analyse the verb &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Supe que ella me engañaba&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; I found out that she was cheating on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the verb &quot;to find out&quot; instead of &quot;to know&quot; because in Spanish, that sentence is expressing the &quot;perfective aspect&quot;, so it means it has been &quot;completed&quot;, so you are expressing something bigger than just knowing the fact she is cheating on you, you are completely sure about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this becomes something complicated, you can just use a more precise verb when facing this aspect. For example, you can say the same thing as the former example with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me enteré que ella me engañaba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me di cuenta que ella me engañaba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same thing with &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pudo ganar el juego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It expresses something that has been completed: she has achieved the success after the game ended. So in English you express that with a different verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key concepts with your question are the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbal_aspect&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Verbal aspect&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the differences among the &lt;code&gt;Spanish preterite verbal tenses&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T21:44:30.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="483" CreationDate="2011-11-22T21:50:08.560" Score="6" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a word whose definition has been requested on Wiktionary (perhaps by me but I can't remember) that seems to be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.au/search?sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;q=Representantes%20de%2056%20colonias%20conformaron%20un%20frente%20com%C3%BAn%20para%20luchar%20en%20contra%20del%20predialazo,%20que%20en%20algunas%20zonas%20de%20la%20ciudad%20fue%20de%20hasta%20mil%20924%20por%20ciento.#sclient=psy-ab&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;safe=off&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;q=%20predialazo%20&amp;amp;pbx=1&amp;amp;oq=%20predialazo%20&amp;amp;aq=f&amp;amp;aqi=&amp;amp;aql=&amp;amp;gs_sm=e&amp;amp;gs_upl=200911l200911l8l201089l1l0l1l0l0l0l0l0ll0l0&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=ff0403f565a41028&amp;amp;biw=853&amp;amp;bih=447&quot;&gt;mostly used in Mexico if you Google for it&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;predialazo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's not in the DRAE, Larousse Gran Diccionario, Google Translate, Wikipedia, etc. In the Wiktionary request this example with context is given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Representantes de 56 colonias conformaron un frente común para luchar en contra del &lt;strong&gt;predialazo&lt;/strong&gt;, que en algunas zonas de la ciudad fue de hasta mil 924 por ciento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:08:57.907" Title="What does the Mexican term &quot;predialazo&quot; refer to?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="482" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:08:57.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un término exclusivamente mexicano; en Colombia también es un término usado: ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eluniversal.com.co/opinion/columnas/el-predialazo&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; del periódico &lt;em&gt;El Universal&lt;/em&gt;, de Cartagena, titulado precisamente &lt;em&gt;El predialazo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Predialazo es, literalmente, un &quot;golpe dado con el predial&quot;. Cuando un gobierno local decide hacer un ajuste desmedido al impuesto predial (o impuesto a la renta), entonces se habla de un &quot;predialazo&quot; pues figurativamente el valor exageradamente elevado a pagar por este impuesto representa un golpe a (los bolsillos de) los habitantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:08:57.907" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="486" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:10:25.743" Score="8" ViewCount="1965" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico I sometimes heard or saw the colloquial variant &lt;em&gt;pa'&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pa&lt;/em&gt; used for &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is this just a Mexicanism, or is it also used in Central America, all Latin America, or even in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T09:47:45.983" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T10:10:48.790" Title="How regional or widespread are the colloquial &quot;pa`&quot; or &quot;pa'&quot; in place of &quot;para&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="484" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:15:47.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina it's used, but it's more of an informal jargon, rather than regional.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:15:47.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="484" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:19:04.677" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll hear it quite a lot in the Andalusian region of Spain. This Wikipedia article gives a very brief coverage of it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxed_pronunciation#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Relaxed pronunciation / Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T10:10:48.790" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T10:10:48.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="488" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:20:21.400" Score="15" ViewCount="297" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperfect subjuntive has two forms. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;viniera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;viniese&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think both has the same meaning. However, is there any subtle difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T22:24:24.830" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T06:29:59.387" Title="Is there any subtle difference between the two forms of the imperfect subjuntive?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="487" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:23:53.540" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is no difference, at least in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:23:53.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="455" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:27:11.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I think it's not 100% correct, but it's used, &lt;code&gt;pudo ganar el juego&lt;/code&gt; may also be used to mean &lt;code&gt;she could have won the game&lt;/code&gt;, although the correct form would be &lt;code&gt;pudo haber ganado el juego&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:27:11.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="487" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:28:18.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The advice I was always given was that there is no difference in the meaning, but to stick to one of them (ie don't mix and match) in a conversation/piece of text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:28:18.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="493" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:30:43.173" Score="4" ViewCount="620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to translate another poem by Jorge Luis Borges into English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mis Libros&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis libros (que no saben que yo existo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  son tan parte de mí como este rostro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de sienes grises y de grises ojos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que vanamente busco en los cristales&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y que recorro con la mano cóncava.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No sin alguna lógica amargura&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pienso que las palabras esenciales&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que me expresan están en esas hojas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no saben quién soy, no en las que he escrito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor así. Las voces de los muertos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me dirán para siempre.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My Books&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My books (that don't know I exist)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  are as much a part of me as this face&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  of temples grey and grey eyes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  that vainly I seek in looking glasses&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  and that I retrace with concave hand.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Not without bitter logic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I think that the essential words&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  that express myself exist in their pages&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  which know not who I am, not in those I have written.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Better that way. The voices of the dead&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  speak to me forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I made a flying leap when I got to &lt;em&gt;los cristales&lt;/em&gt;.  Normally I would expect it to mean just the same as its cognate: &quot;the crystals&quot;.  But that doesn't fit the context very well.  (Why would he seek his face in crystals?)  But Borges didn't use &lt;em&gt;los espejos&lt;/em&gt;, which I believe is the usual word for mirror.  Does my old-fashioned word for mirror (&quot;looking glass&quot;) capture any of Borges meaning in the poem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:24:15.627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:24:15.627" Title="Can &quot;los cristales&quot; be translated as &quot;mirrors&quot; or &quot;looking glasses&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="491" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:38:39.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Larousse Gran Diccionario does in fact give &lt;em&gt;mirror&lt;/em&gt; as one sense, but of the other senses, &lt;em&gt;glass&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;window pane&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;lens&lt;/em&gt; (or a pair of spectacles) might also fit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cristal nm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  -1. Esp (material) glass; el suelo está lleno de cristales there's glass all over the floor q cristal ahumado smoked glass; cristal blindado bullet-proof glass; cristal esmerilado ground glass; cristal inastillable splinter-proof glass; cristal labrado cut glass; cristal tintado tinted glass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  -2. (vidrio fino) crystal q cristal de Murano Venetian glass; cristal tallado cut glass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  -3. (de gafas) lens; Esp (lámina) (de ventana) (window) pane; Esp bajar el cristal (ventanilla) to open o roll down the window; EXPR todo depende del cristal con el que se mire it all depends how you look at it q cristal de aumento magnifying lens&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  -4. (mineral) crystal q cristal de cuarzo quartz crystal; cristal líquido liquid crystal; cristal de roca rock crystal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  -5. Esp (espejo) mirror&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.au/books?id=lVoLZHX9lRAC&amp;amp;pg=PA175&amp;amp;lpg=PA175&amp;amp;dq=borges%20poem%20%22my%20books%22%20know%20exist&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Os9G-eohu0&amp;amp;sig=hHNN4XwNtSuF-12s13HMxdfm1Fw&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=4CTMTtLVDsPh4QSuyI08&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=4&amp;amp;ved=0CEkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=borges%20poem%20%22my%20books%22%20know%20exist&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also&lt;/strong&gt; at least one translator of this poem into English has chosen &lt;em&gt;mirror&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:45:02.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="491" CreationDate="2011-11-22T22:49:04.510" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here, I would understand &lt;em&gt;cristal&lt;/em&gt; as a crystal made surface that give poorer reflections than a mirror. Think when you look through a window and see your reflection on the glass. I do not dare to give an English translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I think the phrase &lt;em&gt;Not without bitter logic&lt;/em&gt; has a subtle different meaning. He says that he feels bitterness, but it is logic to feel it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I think the last phrase &lt;em&gt;me dirán para siempre&lt;/em&gt; means that the dead will talk about him. He has become text and they will say that text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="29" LastEditDate="2011-11-22T22:55:17.430" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T22:55:17.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="478" CreationDate="2011-11-22T23:08:47.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &lt;strong&gt;Surimi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I'm telling that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have searched in the RAE and others dictionaries and I haven't found the word.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have search in the net and I found sea food related.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caribbean Spanish is sometime mixed with English so the &quot;me&quot; in surime if you pronounce it in English sounds like &quot;mi&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, surimi is a type of crab imitation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-01T19:34:42.837" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T19:34:42.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="479" CreationDate="2011-11-22T23:15:54.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like its derived from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=sobado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;sobado&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;well-worn&quot;, &quot;shabby&quot;) by adding the diminutive suffix -ito. I don't think you can really express it in English exactly, and the particular meaning of the diminutive may depend on the content (e.g. &quot;a bit shabby&quot; seems to be a possibility).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="32" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T23:15:54.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2011-11-22T23:42:16.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just that it's a corn tortilla with cream and cheese, and as far as I can find out, only ever appears on Nicaraguan sites / recipes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jcplayzone.com/Country/Index.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;An example recipe for it is available online too&lt;/a&gt;, if you wish to reminisce ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-23T20:38:06.793" LastActivityDate="2012-09-23T20:38:06.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="487" CreationDate="2011-11-22T23:50:46.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference in meaning. I have found that the -ra endings are more common in Latin American Spanish and the -se endings are more common in European Spanish. So I would use the one that represents the type of Spanish you are trying to speak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="84" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T01:15:13.600" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T01:15:13.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="491" CreationDate="2011-11-23T02:10:17.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the term &quot;&lt;em&gt;los cristales&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is most referred to &lt;em&gt;&quot;the windows&quot;&lt;/em&gt; where the character swipe the front of the hand over them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that reviewing the poem I found the text: &lt;em&gt;&quot;...como este rostro [...] que [...] busco en los cristales&quot;&lt;/em&gt; so I think that text can be translated as &lt;em&gt;&quot;...as this face [...] that [...] I seek in the mirrors&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="174" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T02:10:17.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="477" CreationDate="2011-11-23T02:46:22.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amunmaya.com/?page_id=11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; there's a theory about the origin of &lt;em&gt;tazcalate&lt;/em&gt; (with &quot;z&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) este nombre deriva de la palabra “Tlaxcalli” en Náhuatl que significa Tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T02:46:22.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-11-23T02:53:35.297" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;My family is from Peru and suggested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me muero por ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:10:52.890" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:10:52.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2011-11-23T02:59:56.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del Español de Nicaragua&lt;/em&gt; published by the Academia Nicaragüense de La Lengua (I have a printed copy, I can't find it online), it's a type of food consisting of fried tortilla with beans and cheese along with cabbage salad, onion, sour cream, ketchup, and vinegar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repocheta.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Tortilla frita acompañada de frijoles y queso, aderzada con ensalada de repollo, cebolla, crema, salsa de tomate y vinagre. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Tortilla doblada en forma de empanada y rellena de queso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.flickr.com/photos/cordeliahall/5477095616/in/photostream&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Photos&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;repocheta&lt;/em&gt; can be easily found online, just search!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T02:59:56.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="479" CreationDate="2011-11-23T03:33:51.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you be referring to a 'sudado de mariscos' which is a kind of a soup but thicker?  Your word may be a diminutive of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T03:33:51.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="515" CreationDate="2011-11-23T04:57:28.017" Score="10" ViewCount="5513" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English word &lt;em&gt;ticket&lt;/em&gt; (that is, a slip of paper used to grant access to something) can be translated several different ways in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boleto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pasaje&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;billete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ticket&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entrada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resguardo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between these words? In what situations would each be used? Specifically, which are appropriate for a plane, bus, or train ticket?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T10:59:44.367" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T15:00:43.513" Title="Various translations of &quot;ticket&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="506" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:02:22.843" Score="10" ViewCount="11539" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we often used the phrase &lt;code&gt;looking forward to&lt;/code&gt; when we are excited about something in the future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm looking forward to seeing you next week!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm really looking forward to finals being over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He's looking forward to the day when he can finally retire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate this sentiment in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-16T17:15:19.383" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T18:10:15.910" Title="Translating &quot;looking forward to&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="507" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:11:55.507" Score="7" ViewCount="5093" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to say &lt;em&gt;contact info&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish (as in a list of phone numbers, email addresses, postal addresses, etc. of a person or business)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:17:08.183" Title="Translation of &quot;contact info&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="504" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:14:45.853" Score="9" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm looking forward to seeing you next week!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero verte la semana entrante (or la semana próxima)&#xA;(esperar here means desire, not wait)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ojalá nos veamos la semana próxima&#xA;(ojalá ... from the Arabic &lt;em&gt;oj Aláh&lt;/em&gt; &quot;May God wish&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for example (but not exactly)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Me gustaría verte la semana próxima&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the other two sentences the Spanish expressions are different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He's looking forward to the day when he can finally retire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él espera (ansiosamente) su retiro&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm really looking forward to finals being over.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No veo el momento en que terminen los finales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No veo la hora en que terminen los finales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero (aniosamente) que terminen los finales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya no veo la hora en que terminen los finales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy deseando que terminen los finales &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Etc. :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T08:49:36.727" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T08:49:36.727" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="505" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:24:03.230" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually &quot;Información de contacto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you don't ask somebody else for his/her &quot;Información de contacto&quot;. You have to ask for a particular item, as in: &quot;¿Me puedes dar tu número telefónico?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T14:17:08.183" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:17:08.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="504" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:29:04.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use one expression to translate another expression and not just translated it literally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking forward to seeing you next week!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;¡Ya quiero verte la siguiente semana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm really looking forward to finals being over.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;¡Ya quiero que los finales terminen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's looking forward to the day when he can finally retire.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;El ya quiere que llege el dia cuando finalmente se pueda retirar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also use &amp;quot;espero&amp;quot; but this denotes lack of excitement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T17:18:35.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="503" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:31:28.997" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Boleto, pasaje, billete and ticket&lt;/em&gt; (and tiquete) have different local precise meanings, but are usually understandable by almost anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entrada&lt;/em&gt;, refers usually to a ticket you have to show up at the entrance (in the cinema, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resguardo&lt;/em&gt; is not an usual word for a ticket, but I heard it used referring to the part of the ticket stripped from the main body which allows you to exit from some place where you could only enter with a ticket and the going back in (showing the &lt;em&gt;resguardo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T05:31:28.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="505" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:40:13.953" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want a literal translation, &quot;información de contacto&quot;.  As in ¿Cuál es tu información de contacto?.  But more likely to go with &quot;¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T05:40:13.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="505" CreationDate="2011-11-23T05:43:36.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard this referred to, collectively, as &lt;em&gt;datos&lt;/em&gt;, although that's really a broader term, and can refer to birth date, height, social security number, or any other &lt;em&gt;data&lt;/em&gt; about a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T05:43:36.477" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="377" CreationDate="2011-11-23T06:34:35.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will translante, explain and give you some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo quiero -&amp;gt; I want&#xA;Ex. Quiero levantarme tarde -&amp;gt; I want to wake up late.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can translate this literally and there is no problem. This describes just and only just your desire to do something or get something.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me gustaría -&amp;gt; I would like to&#xA;Ex. Me gustaría ser presidente -&amp;gt; I would like to be president&#xA;Ex. Me gustaría verte en la noche -&amp;gt; I would like to see you tonight&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express desire and at the same the incapability to do something and also this can express a request.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me toca -&amp;gt; It's my turn&#xA;Ex. (Juando video juegos) me toca. (Playing video games) It's my turn.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express enthusiasm in a person to do something and is only used if you're in a group.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me late -&amp;gt; I have a good feeling&#xA;Ex. Me late este negocio -&amp;gt; I have a good feeling about this business.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express a good feeling about something.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo deseo -&amp;gt; I wish&#xA;Ex. Deseo tacos -&amp;gt; I wish tacos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express desire but in a way of a command.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se me antoja -&amp;gt; I in the mood&#xA;Ex. Se me antojan unos nachos -&amp;gt; I in the mood for nachos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time this expression is used when you think what you want to eat. You can also use it to express desire to do something. This expression really depends on the context.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tengo ganas de -&amp;gt; I want (to)&#xA;Ex. Tengo ganas de ir a bailar -&amp;gt; I want to go to dance.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express the desire and the disposition to do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T18:12:59.927" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T18:12:59.927" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="513" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2323" CreationDate="2011-11-23T06:55:28.163" Score="71" ViewCount="18035" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do we say &lt;em&gt;buenas noches&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;buenas tardes&lt;/em&gt; when they refer to only one night/afternoon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice &quot;buenas noches&quot; y &quot;buenas tardes&quot; cuando se refieren solo a una noche o tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:26:23.257" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T18:34:31.457" Title="Why &quot;buenas noches&quot; when it's only one night?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-11-23T07:03:55.617" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it's because the person saying that is wishing the other person 'continued' well-being rather than 'singular', 'one-time' well being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind a big part of Spanish is influenced by the slavery culture created in Latin America by the Spanish conquistadors. The serfs, the indigenous people, were expected to be 'more than courteous' to their masters, hence the abundance of courtesy in the Latin American version of Spanish as opposed to the 'original' Spanish you hear in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T17:55:08.333" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T17:55:08.333" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="503" CreationDate="2011-11-23T08:06:51.403" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasaje&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;billete&lt;/em&gt; are usually used in the transportation sector (&lt;em&gt;pasaje de tren&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;billete de avión&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). &lt;em&gt;Boleto&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used in the lottery and gambling world (&lt;em&gt;boleto de lotería&lt;/em&gt;), but can also be used in the same way as &lt;em&gt;pasaje&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;billete&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entrada&lt;/em&gt; refers to a ticket to a show or a generic event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resguardo&lt;/em&gt; is usually a paper that certifies something (a comercial transaction, a bureaucratic affair, a package delivery, the delivery of a document...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note I'm talking about the usage of these words in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="170" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T06:23:20.720" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T06:23:20.720" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="479" CreationDate="2011-11-23T08:29:49.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I google searched &quot;sobadito comida&quot; (please hold the easy jokes:P)and all the results I found refered both to &quot;sobaos&quot; and others refered to &quot;bizcohos de soletilla&quot; or &quot;Melindros&quot; but people called them sobaditos in some reciepes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ghuPa.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Sobaos&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nPZIV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;bizcochos&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T08:29:49.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="484" CreationDate="2011-11-23T08:48:15.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una abreviatura muy extendida por gran parte de latino américa y España. &#xA;Se usa sobre todo en el lenguaje coloquial y es similar al caso de las terminaciones -ado -ido ... en los verbos que suele eliminarse la letra &quot;d&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Has &quot;terminao&quot; los deberes? No, mamá son pa' pasado mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En ningún caso se utiliza en el lenguaje escrito&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-07T00:39:21.987" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T00:39:21.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="471" CreationDate="2011-11-23T10:22:10.100" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually depends on the region in which you are. As Omar said, &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; is quite understandable by all means with a proper context, but without it it can be interpreted differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the RAE definition states, &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; is mainly a glass made of some material, it can be glass, porcelain or whatever (Glass and porcelain are the most common interpretations for the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=frasco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Frasco.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del germ. *flaskô, funda de mimbres para una botella, botella; cf. a.&#xA;  al. ant. flasca, nórd. flaska).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Vaso de cuello recogido, hecho de vidrio u otra materia, que sirve para contener líquidos, sustancias en polvo, comprimidos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Vaso hecho regularmente de cuerno, en que se llevaba la pólvora para cargar la escopeta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Contenido de un frasco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ cuentagotas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. frasco que por la forma de su gollete y de su tapón sirve para verter gota a gota su contenido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ de mercurio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Peso de tres arrobas de mercurio, que es la cabida de los antiguos frascos de hierro usados como envase en Almadén, en España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now about regionalisms these are the ones I personally know. &lt;sup&gt; I am a native Colombian&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; are equally used and have a wide variety of meaning according to context. Usually glass, porcelain or metal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also use &lt;em&gt;Jarrón&lt;/em&gt;, but this is a bit different, usually used for flowers, or for more heavy things, bigger things. Usually made of porcelain, but can be of glass as well; not metal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bote&lt;/em&gt; can also be used, but &lt;em&gt;bote&lt;/em&gt; is more made of plastic and much bigger. Bigger than &lt;em&gt;Jarrón&lt;/em&gt; even. Although depending on context can also be interpreted as the same size, but not the same material.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; is more understood as metal. &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; would be the proper usage as it is understood as made from glass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ecuador&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; is widely used for a receptacle made of glass. &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; is rarely used to say it, not to say awkward when used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; is more used than &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt;, as &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt; is interpreted as being made from glass. And usually (in Spain) the cofee is in glass, or metal containers (depends on region, in Colombia most are of metal or in plastic bags.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panama&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; are used, sometimes &lt;em&gt;envase&lt;/em&gt; but it really is dependent on context, as for an industrial use, or using a &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; de café vacío for something else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; is more interpreted as a pint or glass of beer, or some other drink. &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; is more interpreted for this use. &lt;em&gt;Bote&lt;/em&gt; is seldom used for this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Central America&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bote&lt;/em&gt; can be understood for coffee more widely than in other regions. Nevertheless &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; is used as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;strong&gt;envase&lt;/strong&gt; is more literal to container and more general. &lt;strong&gt;Lata&lt;/strong&gt; is almost always made of metal (I don't know how it is interpreted in Equatorial guinea or the Philippines, but I think it's safe to assume they interpret it the same way as us Latin Americans)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bote&lt;/em&gt; really depends on the region, as said in Central America it is more used than in other regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make a safe bet use &lt;em&gt;frasco&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; for a small recipient or container, and &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt; for a bigger one specially if it is made of metal. &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; is more glass, and &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt; more metal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T00:45:14.333" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T00:45:14.333" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-11-23T11:53:29.767" Score="50" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I can't give you a definitive answer yet. But I thought that not posting these two theories would've been a waste, so here they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This point is in my opinion the most accredited: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this question, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080526161902AAUjckd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;In Spanish, why do they say &quot;buenos noches&quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, the answerer says it comes from &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buenas noches nos dé Dios&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which means &quot;&lt;em&gt;may God give us good nights&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (for more than one person). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found some references which I consider to be official/trustworthy enough. The first is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.it/books?id=BE-PaBe-vswC&amp;amp;lpg=PA52&amp;amp;dq=buenas%20noches%20nos%20de&amp;#39;%20Dios&amp;amp;pg=PA52#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22Buenas%20noches%20nos%20de&amp;#39;%20Dios%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; on &quot;&lt;em&gt;Three-Cornered Hat &amp;amp; Captain Poison (Dual-Language)&lt;/em&gt;&quot; by Pedro Antonio de Alarcón and Stanley Appelbaum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I spotted the second source when I found this exact quote (i.e. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buenas noches nos dé Dios&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) when reading the original version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_casa_de_Bernarda_Alba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La casa de Bernarda Alba&lt;/a&gt; by Federico García Lorca. You can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://alturl.com/u4gv7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the quote in Google Books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &quot;&lt;em&gt;buenas tardes&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;buenos días&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, I didn't find anything, but according to this theory, the origin might be similar or even &quot;the same&quot;, as a derivation. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility comes from Latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&quot;The origin of the plural forms as a way of greeting has to be searched in the past. In former times, from the 10th century on, Spanish language began being developed from Latin where formality was a rule when addressing somebody. The plural form of old Spanish &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; (plural you) when talking to more than one person seemed to demand a plural in the rest of the sentence parts: &lt;em&gt;“Buenos días guarden a vos”,&lt;/em&gt; and the same with &lt;em&gt;tardes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;noches&lt;/em&gt;. Besides, the fact that in that age people did not run into each other everyday, due to the meagre communication means, wherever they met they said hello for the rest of the week with a plural form rather than a singular.&quot;* – &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/206196/the-reason-behind-buenos-das&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source (SpanishDict Answers)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, todavía no puedo darte una respuesta definitiva. Pero creo que no publicar lo que encontré sería un desperdicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, ese es el punto más acreditado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa pregunta, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080526161902AAUjckd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;In Spanish, why do they say &quot;buenos noches&quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, el contestador dice que viene de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Buenas noches nos dé Dios&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré otras referencias que considero bastante confiables. La primera viene de &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.it/books?id=BE-PaBe-vswC&amp;amp;lpg=PA52&amp;amp;dq=buenas%20noches%20nos%20de&amp;#39;%20Dios&amp;amp;pg=PA52#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22Buenas%20noches%20nos%20de&amp;#39;%20Dios%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esa página&lt;/a&gt; sobre &quot;&lt;em&gt;Three-Cornered Hat &amp;amp; Captain Poison (Dual-Language)&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de Pedro Antonio de Alarcón y Stanley Appelbaum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda la localicé gracias a esa cita (o sea &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buenas noches nos dé Dios&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) que encontré leyendo la versión original de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_casa_de_Bernarda_Alba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La casa de Bernarda Alba&lt;/a&gt; de Federico García Lorca. Puedes ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://alturl.com/u4gv7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la cita en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puse encontrar nada de &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenas tardes&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenos días&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, pero puede ser que la origen sea la misma o parecida.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad viene de Latino (traducción):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La origin de los plurales en Español en los saludos tiene que ser buscada en el pasado. En tiempos pasados, desde el siglo X en adelante, el idioma Español empezó a desarrollarse del Latino cuando era obligatorio ser formal para dirigirse a alguien. La forma plural &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, del Español antiguo, parecía exigir una presencia del plural también en las otras partes de la frase: &lt;em&gt;“Buenos días guarden a vos”&lt;/em&gt;, y lo mismo para &lt;em&gt;tardes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;noches&lt;/em&gt;. Además, el hecho que en esos tiempos las personas no se veían cada día, siendo los medios de comunicación insuficientes, se hubieran dado los saludos por el resto de la semana con un plural más que un singular.&quot; – &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/206196/the-reason-behind-buenos-das&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source (SpanishDict Answers)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:30:30.043" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:30:30.043" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="484" CreationDate="2011-11-23T12:36:57.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have pointed, &lt;em&gt;pa&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;pa'&lt;/em&gt; is a common colloquial variant for &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. You will hear in Latin America and Spain. Maybe it's more extended in some places than others, for example Andalusia in Spain, but I'm sure you will find someone that uses it at least from once in a while everywhere. It is not a regionalism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as Aracem has said, its not for written language (with its exceptions, of course: dialogs, transcriptions...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="170" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T12:39:48.240" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T12:39:48.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-23T17:01:11.740" Score="28" ViewCount="2630" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es todo en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this &quot;lo&quot; refer to?&#xA;Can it be omitted (&quot;El dinero no es todo&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta frase, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es todo en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se refiere este &quot;lo&quot;?&#xA;¿Puede ser omitido (&quot;El dinero no es todo&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-08T00:17:56.497" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T07:04:48.327" Title="What does &quot;lo&quot; in &quot;(no) lo es&quot; refer to?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2011-11-23T17:36:11.157" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; refers to &lt;code&gt;el dinero&lt;/code&gt; as in English you say for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I ate the &lt;strong&gt;cake&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I ate &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Money&lt;/strong&gt; isn't everything (&lt;strong&gt;It&lt;/strong&gt; isn't everything).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you understand my explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="184" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:12:12.047" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:12:12.047" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="529" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:27:29.430" Score="51" ViewCount="26027" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How should I ask someone to repeat something they've said?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learned Spanish in school, I was taught to never say &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; when I needed someone to repeat something they just said.  Rather I was taught to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  Later, my wife taught me to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Mande?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as an even more polite question.  But some people don't seem to understand what I'm getting at.  Occasionally, they will try to clarify by saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which I'd always understood as rude.  (Maybe I just look like a rude American or maybe the question isn't as disrespectful as I had learned.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I safe in most situations (where I don't know the country of origin of the other speaker) in using &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; ? (Trust me, this is a very common problem for me.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo debería pedir a alguien que repita algo que ha dicho?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando aprendí español en la escuela, me enseñaron a no decir nunca &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; cuando necesitaba que alguien repitiese algo que acaba de decir. En su lugar me enseñaron a decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Más tarde, mi esposa me enseñó a decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Mande?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; como una pregunta aún más cortés. Pero algunas personas parecen no entender lo que pretendo. De vez en cuando, tratan de aclararlo diciendo &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual yo siempre había entendido como grosero. (Tal vez sólo parezco un americano grosero, o tal vez la pregunta no es tan irrespetuosa como yo había aprendido.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es adecuado en la mayoría de situaciones (cuando no conozco el país de origen del interlocutor) el uso de &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? (Créeme, este es un problema muy habitual para mí.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:23:51.377" LastActivityDate="2019-11-18T06:51:41.857" Title="How should I ask someone to repeat something they've said?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:33:40.633" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're on the safe side with &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in every situation. &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is not exactly rude in informal situations but it could be inappropriate in a lot of formal and semi-formal ones; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Mande?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is not exactly common, at least where I'm from (Mallorca), but understood. You could also use &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Perdona/e?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Disculpa/e?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:31:35.893" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:31:35.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:47:04.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's more &quot;educated&quot; to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Disculpe?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Excuse me&quot;) than &quot;¿Mande?&quot;. I think &lt;em&gt;mande&lt;/em&gt; is some kind of Mexican or LA word, rather than common Spanish/Castilian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="185" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:28:45.277" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:28:45.277" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:48:25.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not a direct answer to my question, but it's probably a mistake to assume someone is being rude to me.  After all, the language is incredibly varied in its social connotations and unless I know for sure what the other person thinks of me, it's best to assume the best.  They know the language we are using better than I do and so I probably am missing some tidbit of knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the flip side, I try not to be offended or insulted when an English learner makes some sort of &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; in the language I know best.  After all, they are learning too.  My best response is to point out the mistake as politely and humbly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I'm pretty sure &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is still the best choice since it seems universally understood and not jarring to anybody who might be easily offended.  (But I'm eager to hear other opinions. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:41:43.353" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:41:43.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:50:03.257" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile, &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Mande?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; isn't used at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I imagine that in many other Spanish speaking places, it should be misunderstood. What if the person you're talking to is trying to give you some sort of order or suggestion? With &lt;em&gt;mande&lt;/em&gt; you could give the impression that you've not only understood what he told you, but you've also agreed with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:33:20.623" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:33:20.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T18:57:13.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you would be safe using &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Perdona?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (as a short form of &lt;em&gt;&quot;Perdona, ¿lo puedes repetir?&quot; / &quot;Perdona, ¿qué has dicho?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;). It's what I usually say and haven't had any problem so far (colloquial, academic, and office environments).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; may sometimes be a little rude, but using &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; should be fine (but in formal situations it may not be suitable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm living in Spain (Catalonia to be more specific), so I cannot give you any feedback about other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="170" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:42:29.927" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:42:29.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T19:26:53.970" Score="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as in English, there are many acceptable ways to ask someone to repeat what they've said. In my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is very common, and completely acceptable. It's equivalent to the English &lt;em&gt;What?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;How's that?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can be used, but is less polite, and is probably better understood as the English &lt;em&gt;What?!&lt;/em&gt; Possibly as in the context of &lt;em&gt;What I think I heard you say sounds unbelievable. Can you repeat that so I'm sure I heard you correctly?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué dijiste?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué dijo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; literally &lt;em&gt;What did you say?&lt;/em&gt; or according to Google &lt;em&gt;Say what?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Mande?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Mande usted?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Apparently mainly in Mexico) Literally, &lt;em&gt;Direct/Guide/Command me?&lt;/em&gt; Is very common in all situations. I've heard waitresses say it to me, I've heard mothers say it to their children. It might be considered a little more formal/polite than &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo?&lt;/em&gt; when dealing with clients or in other situations where the &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; form is appropriate. But it's not limited to that. And again, it's not used not everywhere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Disculpe?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the equivalent to the English &lt;em&gt;Excuse me?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Perdone?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Perdón?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the equivalent to the English &lt;em&gt;Pardon?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Otra vez?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the equivalent of the English &lt;em&gt;Again?&lt;/em&gt; I probably only use this with friends or people I'm already familiar with. I don't know how well accepted it is--so if you get weird looks, don't come running back to me. :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Repita, por favor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Repeat that, please.&lt;/em&gt;  I'd probably use this more often when taking down someone's phone number, and I didn't get the last 2 digits, rather than in a general &quot;What did you say?&quot; context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más despacio, por favor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;More slowly please.&lt;/em&gt; After my second or third &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo?&lt;/em&gt; this phrase often comes in handy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's good to know more than one of these, because I hate to be too repetitive when speaking to someone I can't understand.  &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo?  ... ¿Cómo? ... ¿Cómo? ...&lt;/em&gt; doesn't sound as good as &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo? ... ¿Perdona? ... ¿Disculpe? ...&lt;/em&gt; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T04:59:35.833" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:59:35.833" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="553" CreationDate="2011-11-23T19:26:54.110" Score="6" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked a question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/43611/were-there-any-other-synonyms-to-sustainability-before-the-80s&quot;&gt;english synonyms of &quot;sustainability&quot; alrady on ELU&lt;/a&gt;. In Spanish, dictionaries and ngrams give out several options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XztwZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparing with the english ngrams chart I conclude &lt;em&gt;la sustentabilidad, la sostenibilidad&lt;/em&gt; match sustainability? What's the difference between both terms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More important, were &lt;em&gt;la persistencia, la tenacidad&lt;/em&gt; used in a ecological/economical context before the 80/90s? Or is it similar to English, there existed no term for this problem, topic in spanish sciences? The rise of &lt;em&gt;la persistencia&lt;/em&gt; in the ngrams chart looks suspicious to me, can someone explain this? Are three terms common for the problem of sustainability in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T14:09:00.753" Title="Analog to &quot;sustainability&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-23T19:27:08.470" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Mande?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is very common in Mexico but I believe it is a Mexicanism not widely used elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in Mexico or amongst Mexicans I believe it is a softer alternative to &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but I do not know if it is considered informal or colloquial to any degree. I've seldom had to use Spanish in formal settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I interpret &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Disculpe?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in this sense exactly as in English some people say &quot;Sorry?&quot; or &quot;Excuse me?&quot; when they didn't quite hear what you're saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also interpret &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to be exactly like English &quot;What?&quot; - some people find both too be too blunt/rude/uneducated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:30:34.817" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:30:34.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2011-11-23T21:10:48.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; in this sentence refers to &quot;todo en la vida&quot;.  It's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;direct object pronoun&lt;/a&gt;.  The same thing applies for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo doy el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I give you the money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could also be stated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te doy el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, assuming that money is already involved in this conversation, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo doy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To mean &quot;I give it to you&quot;, with &quot;it&quot; referring to the money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in response to being told &quot;El dinero es todo en la vida&quot;, you could say &quot;No lo es!&quot; to mean &quot;No it's not!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="187" LastEditorUserId="187" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T21:35:23.447" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T21:35:23.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2011-11-23T21:35:37.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can see, the &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; is simply being used expressively to emphasize the speaker's point (and it refers to &lt;em&gt;todo en la vida&lt;/em&gt;, as another answerer mentioned).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is almost the same as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero no es todo en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Money isn't everything in life.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The extra &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; gives a feeling similar to this English phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Money - it's not everything in life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Money is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; everything in life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That, or it could simply be a typo, assumed it's written. The writer may have started with &lt;em&gt;El dinero no lo es&lt;/em&gt; and changed his/her mind but forgot to delete the &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;. This is admittedly a long shot, and I think my first suspicion is closer to the truth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="84" LastEditDate="2011-11-23T22:17:40.013" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T22:17:40.013" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2011-11-23T22:27:41.050" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una duplicación del complemento directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español culto, cuando el complemento directo o indirecto se antepone al verbo y no es un pronombre, entonces &lt;strong&gt;es obligatorio añadir el pronombre átono&lt;/strong&gt; también antepuesto al verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tarta &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; llevo yo. (yo llevo la tarta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tarta no &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; llevo yo. (yo no llevo la tarta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A tu hermano &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; vi en el cine (yo vi a tu hermano en el cine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A tu hermano no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; vie en el cine (yo no vi a tu hermano en el&#xA;  cine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi madre &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; he dicho que ... (yo he dicho a mi madre que ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Pepito &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; han expulsado del colegio (ellos han expulsado a&#xA;  pepito del colegio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; consigue todo (todo se consigue con dinero)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es todo (no todo es [se consigue con] dinero)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T07:04:48.327" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T07:04:48.327" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="530" CreationDate="2011-11-23T22:38:08.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sustentabilidad&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sostenibilidad&lt;/em&gt; match sustainability and are synonyms. As noun &lt;em&gt;sustentabilidad&lt;/em&gt; is more common than &lt;em&gt;sostenibilidad&lt;/em&gt;. Ej. &lt;em&gt;La nueva ley de sustentabilidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Variations of &lt;em&gt;sostenibilidad&lt;/em&gt; are used as adjetives: ej: &lt;em&gt;Desarrollo sostenible&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Persistencia&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tenacidad&lt;/em&gt; are not used as synonym. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="192" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T22:38:08.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13482" CreationDate="2011-11-23T22:51:27.137" Score="11" ViewCount="6175" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;strong&gt;Jesus&lt;/strong&gt; translates simply as &lt;em&gt;Jesús&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;Christ&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;em&gt;Christo&lt;/em&gt;.  So why is &lt;strong&gt;Jesus Christ&lt;/strong&gt; translated as &lt;em&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;Jesús Cristo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cristo Jesús&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google gives me a plethora of explanations for the origin of the name &lt;em&gt;Jesús&lt;/em&gt; or the term &lt;em&gt;Cristo&lt;/em&gt; (which are quite similar to the origins of the respective words in English), but I'm curious about the origin of the contraction &lt;em&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt;.  So far my searching has found nothing about the history of this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T08:09:15.043" LastActivityDate="2020-07-28T21:00:32.260" Title="Origin of the name &quot;Jesucristo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="554" CreationDate="2011-11-24T06:50:17.903" Score="14" ViewCount="22262" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an expression in Spanish to denote something that is absurd or unexpected. Usually it can be the maximum expression of expertise and talent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wondered about this mainly because in Spanish (In Colombia) at least we have some common jokes but I wondered how would you say that in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joke 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el colmo de un boxeador? .. .. Sacarse un moco con el guante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joke 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el colmo de un futbolista? .. .. .. Meter un gol y fallarlo&#xA;  en el replay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate for Joke 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the height of a player? .. .. .. And failing to score a goal&#xA;  in the replay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which really has no sense whatsoever. Can someone explain a way to say this properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=colmo&quot;&gt;This is the definition of colmo in rae.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-24T07:31:07.163" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:04:41.223" Title="How can I say &quot;colmo&quot; properly in English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-04-12T20:03:54.093" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="540" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2272" CreationDate="2011-11-24T08:03:49.747" Score="10" ViewCount="876" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Nicaragua, addresses are usually given as directions from a landmark, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;From the stadium, go 5 blocks south, then 3 blocks east&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the landmark is a place that used to be there, and they say &quot;de donde fue&quot;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De donde fue el estadio, 3 cuadras al sur, 2 al oeste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's even an official abbreviation for that, &lt;em&gt;DDF&lt;/em&gt;. It always confused me though why it's &quot;de donde fue&quot;. That seems like the wrong verb (shouldn't estar be used for location?) and the wrong tense (shouldn't the imperfect be used for where something &quot;used to be&quot;?). Why is it &quot;de donde fue&quot; instead of &quot;de donde estaba&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; And just to clarify, the phrase &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; used to refer to something that no longer exists. I believe a lot of the standard landmarks used in directions were destroyed in a major earthquake, but are still used as points of reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T18:55:52.083" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T03:38:37.483" Title="&quot;De donde fue&quot; instead of &quot;De donde estaba&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="543" CreationDate="2011-11-24T08:10:16.710" Score="7" ViewCount="1934" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate the phrase &quot;I hear (that)...&quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear that you just got back from your vacation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear that it rained all last week in Seattle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear you got an A on your history final.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So I hear you finally got a job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T02:04:31.487" Title="Translating &quot;I hear (that)...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="547" CreationDate="2011-11-24T08:18:58.860" Score="10" ViewCount="2735" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many times I run into conversations like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Waitress&lt;/strong&gt;: Would you like some water?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;: No thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;She walks away for a second, then comes back&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;: Actually, could I get a cup of water please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Friend&lt;/strong&gt;: Do you need a hand with all that heavy luggage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;: No. &lt;em&gt;thinking for a few seconds...&lt;/em&gt; Well, actually, would you mind carrying this bag? It is pretty heavy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like &amp;quot;la verdad es que&amp;quot; is a mouthful. Is there a short phrase common for situations like these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-11-01T04:34:32.597" Title="Translating &quot;actually&quot; (as in a change of mind)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-11-24T08:25:21.530" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) he oído que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So sentences would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He oído que acabas de volver de tus vacaciones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;I hear that you just got back from your vacation.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He oído que llovió toda la semana pasada en Seattle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;I hear that it rained all last week in Seattle.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He oído que obtuviste un sobresaliente en tu examen final de historia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;I hear you got an A on your history final.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Así que he oído que finalmente obtuviste un trabajo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;So I hear you finally got a job.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &quot;enterarse de&quot; instead so it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) me he enterado de que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T17:54:10.523" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T17:54:10.523" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="542" CreationDate="2011-11-24T09:26:52.943" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Pensándolo mejor&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the expression I would use on situations like these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Pensándolo mejor, ¿podría tomar un vaso de agua, por favor?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;No... Bueno, pensándolo mejor, ¿te importaría llevarme esta maleta?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admitted, it is a mouthful as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="122" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T17:54:08.247" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T17:54:08.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-24T10:24:11.357" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certainly my Colombian flatmate in London (and his wife) would use &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - in person, on the phone in business dealings, and on Skype to his parents.  So it would seem to be fine to use in most contexts from that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish classes in NZ, UK and Argentina, we were told it was more polite to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Perdone?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:27:23.100" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:27:23.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="542" CreationDate="2011-11-24T10:38:38.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Initially we were taught some rules, like anything ending in '-lly' became '-mente' - so in this case, 'actualmente'.  However it turns out this is a false friend - it actually (excuse pun) means 'presently/currently'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preferred translation is 'en realidad' as in 'in reality'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-31T17:27:36.033" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:27:36.033" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="542" CreationDate="2011-11-24T11:56:14.250" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is true what Xabier has said about Pensándolo mejor. But there is another alternative that is widely used as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revision&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments and thanks to CesarGon, be aware that this form is not grammatically correct and that &lt;strong&gt;pensándolo mejor&lt;/strong&gt; should be used instead. &lt;strong&gt;De hecho&lt;/strong&gt; is used only colloquially. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De hecho&lt;/em&gt;, ¿podría tomar un vaso de agua, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, ... ... [...] &lt;em&gt;de hecho&lt;/em&gt; ¿te importaría ayudarme a llevar esta maleta? Es muy pesada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T07:29:55.077" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T07:29:55.077" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="540" CreationDate="2011-11-24T13:12:04.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not from Nicaragua, but &lt;em&gt;&quot;De donde fue&quot;&lt;/em&gt; sounds like something unique to Nicaragua. Here in Chile, we say &lt;em&gt;&quot;De aquí, 3 cuadras hacia ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;Desde el estadio, 3 cuadras hacia...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're refering to something that was there but does not longer exists, that's more rare, but you could expres it as &lt;em&gt;Donde estaba el estadio, 3 cuadras hacia ...&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's if the building itself It's not there. If it has only changed name or bussiness, you could prepend Ex to the past reference: Imagine something that was the &quot;Cafetería El Caballo&quot; and was very well known, but now It's &quot;Librería la vaca&quot; then you could say &lt;em&gt;Desde la Ex Cafetería, 3 cuadras hacia ...&lt;/em&gt; This only works when the past reference is VERY well known.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="168" LastEditorUserId="168" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T18:21:54.117" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T18:21:54.117" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-11-24T13:41:11.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the phrase that you are trying to translate and its proper context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples of translations but in the end there is no definite formula, you have to get the feeling of the language and translate accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear that you just got back from your vacation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escuché que acabas de llegar de tus vacaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear that it rained all last week in Seattle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He oído que llovió toda la semana pasada en Seattle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear you got an A on your history final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supe que tuviste una A en tu final de historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I hear you finally got a job&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supe/(Me enteré) de que finalmente obtuviste un trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many alternatives, but don't try to translate I hear punctually into &lt;em&gt;he oído&lt;/em&gt;, play around with the alternatives like &lt;em&gt;escuché&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;supe&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Supe&lt;/strong&gt; is slightly different, but it is usually interpreted the same way with a good context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T13:41:11.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="503" CreationDate="2011-11-24T13:44:31.160" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a colocar el significado coloquial de estas palabras en Chile, solo por referencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boleto/boleta &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trozo de papel que atestigua de algún suceso. Es común que se refiera a un recibo de pago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pasaje: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;derecho de abordar a un transporte. También se refiere al trozo de papel que atestigua este derecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;billete: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reservado para moneda de papel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ticket: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;igual que boleto pero no se usa para recibo de pago. Es común que se use en vez de &lt;em&gt;entrada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entrada: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;derecho de entrar a algun lugar. Común para conciertos, cine, etc. Se usa también para nombrar el trozo de papel que atestigua esto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resguardo / recibo: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no usado en Chile, pero se entiende que es un papel o comprobante en recibo de un pago o prenda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="168" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T15:00:43.513" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T15:00:43.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2011-11-24T13:45:09.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For those two particular jokes I would use the form, &quot;What's the highlight of a boxer's career?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't think of an equivalent that one would apply to a person himself rather than his career, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T13:45:09.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="530" CreationDate="2011-11-24T14:09:00.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay IMO this is a tough one to understand if I put myself in the shoes of a non native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll try to explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sustenabilidad and sostenibilidad roughly mean the same most of the time, but they have nunances between them that make them slightly differ in meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't find &lt;strong&gt;sustentabilidad&lt;/strong&gt; in the RAE but sostenabilidad is present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sostenabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sostenibilidad.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de sostenible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, sustenabilidad comes from sustento which is in the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sostenabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sustento.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Mantenimiento, alimento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Aquello que sirve para dar vigor y permanencia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Sostén o apoyo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand sostenibilidad we have to define the word in its meaning &lt;strong&gt;sostenible&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sostenabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sostenible.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un proceso: Que puede mantenerse por sí mismo, como lo hace, p. ej., un desarrollo económico sin ayuda exterior ni merma&#xA;  de los recursos existentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustentabilidad&lt;/strong&gt; is specific of a external source of support and maintenance. It means that the resources of survival or maintenance are external to it. Example: La sustentabilidad del humano depende del agua y alimento disponible. Example2: El sustento del niño viene de sus padres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sostenibilidad&lt;/strong&gt; is specific to independence of maintenance. Of self survival (sort of). Means, more concretely the capacity of something to &lt;strong&gt;sustain&lt;/strong&gt; itself. Example: Un bosque es sostenible solo si no hay peligros que amenacen su existencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now here is an example that can illustrate both points and their difference at the same time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La sostenibilidad de una colonia de hormigas depende de su sustentabilidad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Okay the example is not as good as I imagined it. But if someone has a better one feel free to edit the answer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the terms &lt;strong&gt;persistencia&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tenacidad&lt;/strong&gt; is really hard to know if they where used in the 80/90s. But I found a work about Colombia that uses the word several times while describing the economical and social situation. Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuso.org/upload/articulos/3089_1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia en el cambio de siglo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two terms, &lt;strong&gt;sostenibilidad&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sustentabilidad&lt;/strong&gt; are widely used at this time to express environmental problems. And it has always been used for economical context since I can remember, when I was in school or highschool we always used this term in social studies or in biology for environment related problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T14:09:00.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2011-11-24T14:27:11.330" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native speaker, but I think you could use the idiom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To be the last/final straw&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the last straw for a boxer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T06:02:49.920" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T06:02:49.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-24T14:36:52.083" Score="18" ViewCount="1275" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do people say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo pregunté, pero no supo la respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sabía&lt;/code&gt; seems more natural to me, and I've been told that either is fine, but I'm still a bit fuzzy on why somebody would use &lt;code&gt;supo&lt;/code&gt; here in the first place. I know &lt;code&gt;supo&lt;/code&gt; sometimes means &lt;code&gt;found out&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;knew&lt;/code&gt;, but this is not what's going on with this particular sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:17:14.300" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T19:48:52.733" Title="No supo la respuesta" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="540" CreationDate="2011-11-24T14:43:47.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say is a slang from Nicaragua,  I would describe that usage as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solecism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;solecism&lt;/a&gt; , it happen with every language and in every country, as a matter of fact the usage  of &quot;de donde estaba&quot; doesn't seem quite correct either UNLESS the place you are referring is not there anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T14:43:47.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2011-11-24T14:51:47.500" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say &amp;quot;Supo&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;found out&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Sabía&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;Knew&amp;quot; which are not the same. But, answering your question, it's about if the action has a stated timeframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;María lo supo ayer.&lt;/em&gt; = Maria found out yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means a completed action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan sabía que María venía.&lt;/em&gt; = Juan knew that Maria was coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't provide definite beginning or end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you're talking about timeframe defined actions use preterite and if not use the imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example (which clearly states difference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sabía su nombre.&lt;/em&gt; = I didn't know his name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No supe su nombre.&lt;/em&gt; = I didn't find out (learn) his name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T15:23:36.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="573" CreationDate="2011-11-24T16:53:04.657" Score="12" ViewCount="13945" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is common Mexican informal expression &quot;&lt;strong&gt;güey/buey&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (written as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wey&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in text).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where did it come from?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since when did it become a common expression?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A que güey estás. (You are so dumb.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquel güey siempre esta descansando. (That guy is always resting.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oye güey que hiciste ayer. (What did you do yesterday?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si güey. (Yes.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No güey. (No.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:32:05.503" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:32:05.503" Title="Origin of the mexican expression &quot;güey/buey&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="562" CreationDate="2011-11-24T17:09:37.773" Score="23" ViewCount="2209" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;What's the correct way to express that something &quot;&lt;em&gt;serves as a container for something else&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres un vaso de/con agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we use &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;con&lt;/code&gt;? Are both correct? Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we use &lt;code&gt;&quot;de&quot;&lt;/code&gt; it could be interpreted as the material of the thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reloj de oro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means the clock made of gold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la manera más correcta para expresar que algo &quot;&lt;em&gt;sirve par contener otra cosa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres un vaso de/con agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, ¿cuál palabra debemos usar?: ¿&lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;? o ¿&lt;code&gt;con&lt;/code&gt;? ¿Es posible que las dos sean correctas? ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se debe notar que si usamos &lt;code&gt;&quot;de&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, se puede interpretar como si estas hablando de la materia de la cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reloj de oro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...lo cual se puede entender como si el &quot;reloj esta &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; de oro.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-01T15:11:05.387" LastActivityDate="2020-06-01T15:11:05.387" Title="&quot;Vaso de agua&quot; or &quot;vaso con agua&quot;? Which is correct?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-11-24T17:17:38.797" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;A glass of water&quot;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;&quot;Un vaso de agua&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there can be rare circumstances, when you might actually want to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;a glass with water (in it)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, then you'd say &lt;em&gt;&quot;un vaso con agua&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T17:17:38.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-11-24T17:20:56.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Con&lt;/b&gt; is used when something is added up to the liquid content . Like in &quot;Un vaso con pescaditos&quot;, 'Un vaso de leche con impurezas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un vaso con leche&quot; is not incorrect, but you'll hardly hear it. Just sounds funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T17:20:56.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-11-24T17:23:19.787" Score="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas expresiones son correctas, aunque a &lt;em&gt;Un vaso de agua&lt;/em&gt; a menudo se la critica (erróneamente) por pensarse que implica que el vaso está hecho de agua. Cuando decimos &lt;em&gt;una taza de leche&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;un plato de sopa&lt;/em&gt; a nadie se le ocurre que las tazas están hechas de leche o que los platos están hechos de sopa. Como vemos, en estos casos el significado de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; es el de medida o cantidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir &lt;em&gt;Un vaso con agua&lt;/em&gt; nos referimos a un vaso que contiene agua, pero sin especificar la cantidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir &lt;em&gt;Un vaso de agua&lt;/em&gt; se está utilizando vaso como unidad de medida, así como se dice &lt;em&gt;un litro de leche&lt;/em&gt;.  Es decir, con &lt;em&gt;Un vaso de agua&lt;/em&gt; nos referimos a que queremos agua en la cantidad de un vaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE en la quinta acepción para &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; muestra que es correcto su uso para señalar el contenido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de. (Del lat. de)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5) prep. U. para señalar lo contenido en algo. Un&#xA;  vaso de agua. Un plato de asado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-11-24T17:29:02.140" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T17:29:02.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-11-24T17:38:36.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;All with subtle differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he enterado que....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me dijeron que ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me dijo que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuché que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me comentaron que ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice que ... (not exactly, but used when you want to make clear that you reserve the origin of your information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se comenta que ... (same as above)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T17:38:36.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="565" CreationDate="2011-11-24T18:04:25.050" Score="11" ViewCount="2465" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the question is not a negative question the response for the given question should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Tienes carro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Sí, tengo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for a positive answer or &quot;&lt;em&gt;No tengo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for a negative one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, what  if the same question is negative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿No tienes carro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The positive answer would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sí, tengo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and the negative one &quot;&lt;em&gt;No tengo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if the response usage is correct. So if it is we could just think the question as if the &quot;no&quot; does not exist and just respond as we normally do, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T09:46:08.473" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T03:38:23.440" Title="Appropriate way to answer a negative yes/no question" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="564" CreationDate="2011-11-24T18:23:12.880" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that when facing negative questions, you must answer using the main verb of the question. For example, with a normal question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Usas anteojos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can answer it with both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí uso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, with the negative question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿No usas anteojos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must say, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí uso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because saying only &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; will lead to ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-24T19:37:06.363" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T19:37:06.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="572" CreationDate="2011-11-24T19:38:32.850" Score="7" ViewCount="2974" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another thing I'm often corrected on is my apparent overuse of the word &lt;em&gt;medio&lt;/em&gt;. What are the proper uses of the words &lt;em&gt;mitad&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;la mitad&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;medio&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;el medio&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T10:04:56.157" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T04:46:53.817" Title="When is &quot;mitad&quot; appropriate?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-24T19:40:32.657" Score="14" ViewCount="6798" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently in Mallorca, at a restaurant I address the waiter as &quot;señor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He was probably in his early 30's, he said that I should not use señor, but another word (which I unfortunately don't remember now), as señor is seen as a derogatory title for anyone who is not of an elder nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this true? What should I use in future?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="214" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T10:34:11.883" LastActivityDate="2021-03-19T22:04:34.773" Title="Is it bad to address a young male as &quot;señor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="567" CreationDate="2011-11-24T19:48:40.637" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Señor&quot; adressed to someone young is perceived as calling someone old but it's not seen as an insult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You said he was a waiter so &quot;camarero&quot; would be more correct (whatever his age was) but generally we don't use any specific word, if you want to call's someones attention is usually with a &quot;¿Oiga/Oye?&quot; or &quot;¿Perdone/na?&quot; &quot;¿Disculpa/pe?&quot;, if it's someone youg &quot;joven&quot; or &quot;chico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a woman it's easier because &quot;señorita&quot; it's perfectly fine for someone to young to be called &quot;señora&quot; but &quot;señorito&quot; it's totally out of use at least around here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S, Did you like my little island? :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T19:48:40.637" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="468" CreationDate="2011-11-24T20:56:21.373" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Su significado real es &quot;uncle&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hermano de mi padre es mi tío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, la palabra &quot;tío&quot; ha sufrido en las últimas décadas un cambio considerable en su significado. Tradicionalmente era un sinónimo de &quot;señor&quot; y se usaba (y se sigue usando en los pueblos pequeños) como señal de respeto y cariño y su traducción sería &quot;mister&quot; pues la palabra &quot;señor&quot; se reservaba exclusivamente para las personas ricas del pueblo o para las personas VIP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He visto al tío Enrique = I have seen Mr. Enrique [ahí, &quot;tío&#xA;  Enrique&quot; es una persona a la que quieres y respetas]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He visto al señor = I have seen the rich man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He visto al señorito = I have seen the rich man's son&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a partir de los 70's y 80's (excepto en la España rural) la palabra &quot;señorito&quot; empieza a desaparecer, la palabra &quot;señor&quot; se usa cada vez más asiduamente como &quot;mister&quot;, y la palabra &quot;tío&quot; adquiere rápidamente un sentido comodín que se pueden usar tanto de forma afectiva (sinónimo de &quot;amigo&quot; «eh, tío» = «eh, amigo») como de forma neutra (sinónimo de &quot;individuo&quot; «ese tío vino anoche y compró galletas») y para evitar usar palabras malsonantes («estoy harto del tío éste» = «estoy harto de este idiota / imbécil / estúpido»)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día (al menos en España) la palabra &quot;tío&quot; NO es negativa, pero sí se usa para suavizar palabras que podrían ofender a alguien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María enseñó &lt;strong&gt;las tetas&lt;/strong&gt; por la TV ⟶ María enseñó &lt;strong&gt;los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  por la TV&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio se hirió en &lt;strong&gt;el culo&lt;/strong&gt; ⟶ Antonio se hirió &lt;strong&gt;donde la&#xA;  espalda cambia de nombre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;strong&gt;estúpido&lt;/strong&gt; ha dicho que ... ⟶ Ese &lt;strong&gt;tío&lt;/strong&gt; ha dicho que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este &lt;strong&gt;gilipolllas&lt;/strong&gt; provocó el accidente ⟶ este &lt;strong&gt;tío&lt;/strong&gt; provocó el&#xA;  accidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡POLICÍA, este &lt;strong&gt;ladrón&lt;/strong&gt;/ &lt;strong&gt;joputa&lt;/strong&gt; /&lt;strong&gt;desgraciado&lt;/strong&gt; me robó la&#xA;  cartera! ⟶ ¡POLICÍA, este &lt;strong&gt;tío&lt;/strong&gt; me robó la cartera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T22:15:25.903" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T22:15:25.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="566" CreationDate="2011-11-24T21:09:35.257" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;These have a few different meanings depending on the presence or absence of &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un medio día&lt;/em&gt; = a half day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el medio de la muchedumbre&lt;/em&gt; = in the middle of the crowd&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I wouldn't really say it this way; I think &lt;em&gt;el medio&lt;/em&gt; is less commonly-used. I would say &lt;em&gt;En el centro de la muchedumbre&lt;/em&gt; in that case, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never seen &lt;em&gt;mitad&lt;/em&gt; alone. Its use is pretty specific. Use it when &lt;strong&gt;half&lt;/strong&gt; needs to operate as a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deme la mitad&lt;/em&gt; = Give me half&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're distinct words; the uses and meanings don't really overlap as such other than that they both sometimes translate to &lt;strong&gt;half&lt;/strong&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T04:46:53.817" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T04:46:53.817" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="558" CreationDate="2011-11-24T21:15:55.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua (Mexican Academy of&#xA;  Language), güey is a deformation of &quot;buey&quot; (from Lat. bos, bovis).&#xA;  However, a common trend in Mexican Spanish is for simple words to&#xA;  become very complex terms that change meaning depending on context.&#xA;  Güey may mean stupid, friend, enemy, asshole, deranged, courageous,&#xA;  and a host of terms that are inconsistent most of the time. It can be&#xA;  used as derogatory or superlative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's origin could also be the Náhuatl word &quot;uey&quot;, or &quot;huey&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/jesusloza/salvemos-a-mxico-del-gey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;*&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T21:15:55.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-11-24T21:38:15.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'd say &quot;cafe con leche&quot;, and consider it to mean 'with' - added to the content.  However, in the 'glass of milk' you'd certainly use 'de'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T21:38:15.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2011-11-24T22:44:30.280" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this kind of sentence is called in Spanish &quot;oración copulativa&quot;. Basically they are composed of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verb (normally, to be)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dinero&lt;/code&gt; is the subject and &lt;code&gt;todo en la vida&lt;/code&gt; is the attribute. &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; is a particle used to emphasize the attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; refers to &lt;code&gt;todo en la vida&lt;/code&gt; and it can be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this next part, I am guessing... If somebody disagreed with an affirmative version of the sentence, the conversation might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dinero es todo en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, basically, I think the use of &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; makes the sentence sounds a bit like a reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T02:42:11.133" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T02:42:11.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-11-24T23:18:36.140" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't let me add comments probably because I'm new here but &quot;vartec&quot;'s answer is the best one. I am a native Spanish speaker and if you want to say glass of water then is &quot;vaso de agua&quot;. In special cases, as if you are in a lab and you need a glass with water for some experiment you'd possibly say &quot;vaso con agua&quot; to especify that the glass must contain H2O and not something else. &quot;vaso con agua&quot; is only &lt;em&gt;technically&lt;/em&gt; correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastEditorUserId="216" LastEditDate="2018-11-28T17:00:23.973" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T17:00:23.973" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="567" CreationDate="2011-11-25T01:25:19.563" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Don&quot;, &quot;Señor&quot; and &quot;Caballero&quot; come from nobility titles granted in the Middle Ages. They are widely accepted in some countries/regions, and frowned upon in others. From those three, &quot;señor&quot; is the safest bet, but as you already saw, it is not completely safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same with &quot;joven&quot; or &quot;chico&quot;. Not always safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your best choices are (as already mentioned), &quot;Disculpe&quot; or &quot;Perdone&quot;. &quot;Oiga&quot; is understood as an order in some places, and should be avoided if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T02:47:07.930" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T02:47:07.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="786" CreationDate="2011-11-25T02:39:51.600" Score="8" ViewCount="1587" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; does not offer a suggestion regarding the use of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=c%F3mo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo&lt;/a&gt; to ask for the price of something (item, service, or currency). I am familiar with the variants &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo está/están ...?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo es/son ...?&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt;. Google Books has examples of different ways of asking for the price of &lt;em&gt;a pound&lt;/em&gt; (of a product or a type of currency):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/S1KTh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo es la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/pzZUZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo está la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/n8jn7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/GTTN4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cuánto está la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dr1.com/forums/spanish-101/62141-como-son.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dominican forum&lt;/a&gt; seems to suggest a connection with the English &lt;em&gt;how much ... ?&lt;/em&gt;. However, &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/49546/1720&quot;&gt;English does not have a single-word equivalent for &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and therefore a quantity or amount is asked with &lt;em&gt;how much/many ...?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it valid to use &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt; (in any of its variants) to ask for the price of something?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿A cuánto está ...?&lt;/em&gt; seems like a more intuitive alternative. When is it preferable to use this form?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a relationship between the use of &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish and the use of &lt;em&gt;how much/many ...?&lt;/em&gt; in English?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; no ofrece ninguna sugerencia acerca del uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=c%F3mo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo&lt;/a&gt; para preguntar el valor de algo (producto, servicio o moneda). Las variantes que conozco son &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo está/están ...?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo es/son ...?&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt;. Google Books contiene ejemplos de varias formas de preguntar el precio de &lt;em&gt;la libra&lt;/em&gt; (de un producto o de alguna moneda como la libra esterlina):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/S1KTh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo es la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/pzZUZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo está la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/n8jn7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cómo la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/GTTN4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿A cuánto está la libra ...?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dr1.com/forums/spanish-101/62141-como-son.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro dominicano en inglés&lt;/a&gt; parece sugerir una conexión con el &lt;em&gt;how much ... ?&lt;/em&gt; inglés. Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/49546/1720&quot;&gt;el inglés no posee una palabra equivalente a &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y por lo tanto una cantidad se pregunta con &lt;em&gt;how much/many ...?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es válido el uso de &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt; (en alguna de sus variantes) para preguntar el valor de algo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿A cuánto está ...?&lt;/em&gt; es una alternativa más intuitiva, ¿cuándo es preferible el uso de ésta?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existe alguna relación entre el uso de &lt;em&gt;¿a cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt; en español con el uso de &lt;em&gt;how much/many ...?&lt;/em&gt; en inglés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T13:24:44.713" Title="Use of &quot;¿A cómo está [...]?&quot; to ask for a price" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="579" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="669" CreationDate="2011-11-25T05:25:07.507" Score="6" ViewCount="542" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, you can use the phrase &quot;to fall in love with&quot; with people who you aren't literally in love with. For example, when talking about children, you might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You just fall in love with those cute kids as soon as you see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;enamorarse&lt;/em&gt; appropriate in that context, or does it always have romantic implications? If not, what is the best translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would you translate &quot;cute&quot; as used in that sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;En inglés, se puede usar la frase &quot;to fall in love with&quot; con gente con la que no estas literalmente enamorado. Por ejemplo, cuando hablas de niños, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You just fall in love with those cute kids as soon as you see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &lt;em&gt;enamorarse&lt;/em&gt; apropiado en ese contexto, o siempre tiene implicaciones románticas? Sino, ¿cuál es la mejor traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿como se traduce &quot;cute&quot; tal como se usa en esa frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T23:10:40.540" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T23:10:40.540" Title="&quot;Fall in love with&quot; (non-romantic)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="585" CreationDate="2011-11-25T05:46:18.183" Score="4" ViewCount="29142" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the common ways of responding to an apology? In English, if someone says &quot;Sorry I didn't/couldn't do (whatever)&quot; (or simply bumps into you accidentally and says &quot;sorry&quot;) we'd say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't worry about it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's cool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No worries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What phrases can be used for this situation in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T11:37:54.847" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T03:10:59.960" Title="Responding to an apology (no problem, don't worry about it, etc.)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1205" CreationDate="2011-11-25T05:51:56.003" Score="5" ViewCount="1690" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm horrible with names.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm bad with faces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm really bad with directions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural way in Spanish of expressing that you are bad at remembering something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:24:55.223" Title="Translating &quot;I'm bad with [remembering] something&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="584" CreationDate="2011-11-25T06:00:09.230" Score="11" ViewCount="7194" Body="&lt;p&gt;In informal spoken English, if we need to interrupt a conversation or meeting to take care of something else and then return, we might use expressions such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'll be right back.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'll be back in a minute.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sorry, gimme one sec.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best rendering of this phrase in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in online communication, it is common to type &quot;brb&quot; as an acronym for &quot;be right back.&quot; Is there a similar &lt;em&gt;short form&lt;/em&gt; used online in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:14:37.330" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:14:37.330" Title="Translating &quot;be right back&quot; (or &quot;brb&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="586" CreationDate="2011-11-25T06:05:04.183" Score="14" ViewCount="38855" Body="&lt;p&gt;In informal chat conversations online, I have seen Spanish speakers write the abbreviation &quot;xq.&quot; What does this stand for, and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-04-07T01:58:22.523" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T02:56:45.173" Title="&quot;xq&quot; in Internet slang/abbreviations" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="582" CreationDate="2011-11-25T06:10:28.100" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well there is only one way I know of that sounds both natural and short in Spanish for saying be right back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya vuelvo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't think of another way to say it. In case you want to say, I'll be back in a minute it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vuelvo en X minuto(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for &quot;Sorry, gimme a sec&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espera, dame un segundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments it seems in Spain it is more common to use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora vuelvo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;than &quot;Ya vuelvo.&quot; This sounds quite natural to me as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vuelvo enseguida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is correct too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya vengo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, another common phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vuelvo en un momento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T17:26:42.147" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T17:26:42.147" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="580" CreationDate="2011-11-25T06:12:57.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay problema = &lt;em&gt;No problem.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No importa. = &lt;em&gt;It's fine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te preocupes. = &lt;em&gt;Don't worry about it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está bien. = &lt;em&gt;It's cool.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to &quot;&lt;em&gt;no worries&lt;/em&gt;&quot; I can't think of a proper translation. But anothe alternative is &quot;&lt;em&gt;tranquilo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T11:39:04.723" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T11:39:04.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="583" CreationDate="2011-11-25T06:16:45.203" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;It essentially means porque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;x is widely recognized as the multiplication sign. To say it one says por.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;x = Por&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and q is the abbreviation of que. Being just a q there are no words I can think of that are monosyllables and that start with q. So it is safe to assume it is que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;q = que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xq = porque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T07:54:11.167" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="579" CreationDate="2011-11-25T07:30:42.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te enamoras de esos bellos niños apenas los ves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seems right, although probably not what a native speaker would say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los niños son bellos y encantadores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounds better&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T22:23:35.277" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T22:23:35.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="581" CreationDate="2011-11-25T07:34:48.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo (muy) mala memoria para (whatever)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:24:55.223" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:24:55.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="580" CreationDate="2011-11-25T07:39:03.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't know if it is universally accepted, but &amp;quot;no es nada&amp;quot; is very usual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe, no quise pisarle la nariz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te preocupes, no es nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T08:40:59.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="595" CreationDate="2011-11-25T08:52:56.297" Score="2" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;What phrases and greetings can you use for christmas presents / cards? Are there &quot;general purpose&quot; phrases which can be used for presents which are used the whole year, like an iPod?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Te deseo lo mejor! &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Muchos saludos! &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Muchos besos! &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cariños&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user43" LastEditorDisplayName="user43" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T13:26:12.993" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T04:50:59.653" Title="Greetings for presents and cards" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="581" CreationDate="2011-11-25T10:42:17.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy muy malo con/para (whatever)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy fatal (affected/posh) para las caras/los nombres or recordar&#xA;  (idem)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T16:48:03.340" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T16:48:03.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="590" CreationDate="2011-11-25T10:47:59.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Christmas one usually use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz Navidad [y próspero año nuevo] &gt; Merry Christmas [and a happy new year]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to be Christmas specific you can say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felices Fiestas &gt; Happy Holidays&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="93" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T10:47:59.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="579" CreationDate="2011-11-25T12:08:41.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Enamorar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in than case, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te enamoras de esos preciosos niños nada más verles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;cute&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be translate into &quot;precioso&quot;, &quot;bonito&quot;, &quot;bello&quot;, &quot;hermoso&quot; or in a more colloquial way (in Spain) &quot;mono&quot;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Those boys are really cute [&lt;em&gt;Esos chicos/niños son realmente/muy&#xA;  monos&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="224" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T04:40:41.710" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T04:40:41.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="583" CreationDate="2011-11-25T12:45:06.633" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;In SMS/chat slang:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;xq&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;xk&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;pq&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;porque&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;por qué&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;por&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, because it looks like × (multiplication sign);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;q&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;que&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;xf&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;por fa(vor)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qtl&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ktl&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;que tal&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qtpsa&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ktpsa&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;que te pasa&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;=&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;igual&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;+&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;mas&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;más&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;menos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;es&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;el&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;de&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;ktl?&quot;&#xA;&quot;+ o -&quot;&#xA;&quot;xk? ktpsa?&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T12:45:06.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="590" CreationDate="2011-11-25T16:07:04.793" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best catch-all expression is &lt;strong&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It applies to Christmas, New Year, Passover, Eid, birthdays, baptisms, bris, graduations, engagements, weddings, new jobs...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T18:54:37.257" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T18:54:37.257" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="598" CreationDate="2011-11-25T17:25:25.193" Score="9" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La madre le lava la cara a la niña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that sentence, why is the word &quot;le&quot; there? The sentence already has a indirect object (&quot;a la niña&quot;), but removing the &quot;le&quot; makes the sentence to sound unnatural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: Does this sentence sound right? Why/why not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La madre lava la cara a la niña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T12:15:07.213" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T12:15:07.213" Title="Indirect object and &quot;le&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="426" CreationDate="2011-11-25T18:12:29.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para salir de dudas, recurrí al Servicio de Consultas de la RAE y transcribo aquí la respuesta que recibí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En relación con su consulta, le remitimos la siguiente información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ambas expresiones se emplean con el mismo sentido y en situaciones&#xA;  semejantes, sin que quepa establecer diferencias. Tan solo en algunos&#xA;  contextos solo se emplearía una, como en el caso de que, por ejemplo,&#xA;  alguien muestre hastío ante la reiteración de alguien en alguna acción&#xA;  o palabra; en este caso, solo se diría &quot;¿Otra vez?&quot;, pero muy&#xA;  raramente se diría &quot;¿De nuevo?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, insistimos, se emplean con idéntico significado y en las&#xA;  mismas condiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, las dos expresiones son completamente equivalentes, salvo en algunos contextos muy específicos, como el del ejemplo que aparece en el texto citado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T18:12:29.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="596" CreationDate="2011-11-25T18:41:05.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few observations: you have a direct object and an indirect object in your sentence. Just go to the passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cara (de la niña) es lavada por la madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;la cara&quot; is the direct object. You can now replace the indirect object by &quot;le&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cara le es lavada por la madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you omit &quot;le&quot;, the subject disappears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cara es lavada por la madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, &quot;le&quot; means &quot;la niña&quot;, and can be omited in the original sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the  &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=le%EDsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DICCIONARIO PANHISPÁNICO DE DUDAS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d) &lt;em&gt;Hay verbos que se construyen con complemento directo de cosa e indirecto de persona: El camarero sirvió la cerveza a Pedro; Robaron el bolso a María; El atracador pegó una paliza a la dependienta; El acusado escribió una carta al juez; El médico curó la herida al torero, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2011-11-26T13:44:43.750" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T13:44:43.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="455" CreationDate="2011-11-25T22:04:51.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that the preterite refers to the IMMINENCE of the verb. For instance, puedo and podía refer to &quot;could have done it&quot; in the present and past respectively, which represent POTENTIAL. Pudo (the preterite) means she just DID it, not she could have done it, and of course no pudo means the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other example, Sé and Sabía  means know and knew, while supe means &quot;got to know,&quot; (or  just found out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T22:04:51.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="579" CreationDate="2011-11-25T23:36:53.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me encariñé de esos niños tan tiernos (bonitos) tan pronto los vi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me encantaron esos niños tan lindos desde que los vi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="87" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T04:40:28.140" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T04:40:28.140" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="579" CreationDate="2011-11-26T02:50:47.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;enamoraras&lt;/strong&gt; de esos niños apenas los veas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But certainly is not what a man would say to another man. It's more like man-to-woman, woman-to-woman, woman-to-man expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You always can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;encariñaras&lt;/strong&gt; de esos niños a penas los veas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;agradaran&lt;/strong&gt; esos niños a penas los veas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T02:50:47.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-11-26T08:11:56.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas más variantes: en España &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es habitual &lt;code&gt;¿A cómo está?&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;¿A cuánto está?&lt;/code&gt;, sino más bien &lt;code&gt;¿Cuánto cuesta?&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;¿Qué vale?&lt;/code&gt;, que viene a ser nuestro &lt;code&gt;How much is it?&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastEditorUserId="237" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T12:08:43.223" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T12:08:43.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="580" CreationDate="2011-11-26T08:27:56.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain at least:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone bumps into you accidentally and says &quot;sorry&quot;, you can answer &quot;sorry&quot; too (Perdón), or &quot;no problem&quot; (No pasa nada) or just &quot;Nada&quot;. But answering &quot;tranquilo&quot; could sound like &quot;hey, relax man&quot; or &quot;keep it easy&quot; if it's not said politely :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answering an apology for something more formal would be just the offerings on the previous reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T08:27:56.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-11-26T08:41:34.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en la Ciudad de México, lo más habitual es preguntar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto cuesta &lt;em&gt;[un producto o servicio]&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En cuánto está el/la &lt;em&gt;[una moneda extranjera (para preguntar por el tipo de cambio)]&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, muchas personas preguntan, cuando quieren saber el precio actual de algunos productos, por ejemplo los relacionados con los alimentos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto vale &lt;em&gt;[un producto (por ejemplo &amp;quot;el plátano&amp;quot;)&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T08:41:34.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="491" CreationDate="2011-11-26T09:48:59.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, the proper word for a mirror is &quot;espejo&quot; with the &quot;j&quot; being pronounced as an &quot;H&quot;, and secondly, it would be in the singular form of &quot;el espejo&quot;. El in the masculine form being the proper order since the word &quot;espejo&quot; ends on &quot;O&quot; and &quot;O&quot; signifies the masculine form and words ending in an &quot;A&quot; are in the feminine form requiring &quot;la&quot; as in &quot;la vaca&quot; = the cow&quot;. In a plural usage just add &quot;s&quot; and you have either &quot;las muchachas&quot; or &quot;los muchachos&quot;, &quot;the girls&quot; and &quot;the boys&quot; respectively. &quot;Cristales&quot; means &quot;crystals&quot; such as in a chandeleirs or if used in the sense of crystal-ware but only in the informal and familiar manner. Los would only be used for multiple mirrors and in Mexican society, having more than one mirror in any room is considered vain and superficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, a glass as in a window would be a &quot;vidrio&quot;, the entire window would be &quot;vantana&quot; and a window as in a service center where you advance to the next window would be a &quot;ventanilla&quot;. The example of &quot;broken glass&quot; in a  parking lot would be on a more specific level and the source of the &quot;broken glass&quot; would be noted, usually from glass bottles = &quot;botellas quebradas&quot; meaning the word &quot;broken being used to describe bottles which is always feminine so the word to break would be conjugated to the femenine, however &quot;carros quebra dos&quot; being conjugated to the masculine since &quot;carros&quot; is always masculine due to the &quot;os&quot; ending. An eyeglass lens is a &quot;lente' but eyeglasses are &quot;los lentes&quot; and in the end of the word.the masculine due to the lack of an &quot;a&quot; near the end of the word. Oh yeah, &quot;GringoS&quot; drink from a glass, but we Mexicans always drink from a cup or &quot;una copa&quot; or &quot;un vaso&quot; which to us Mexicans is like white folks drinking from a glass. Again masculine due to an &quot;O&quot; ending.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T21:16:49.427" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T21:16:49.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="330" CreationDate="2011-11-26T09:53:54.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know for sure, and I guess every case is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I notice that Comprehensive and &lt;em&gt;comprensivo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;have the same root [1]&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dictionary.com says about Comprehensive [2]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Origin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1605–15;  &amp;lt; Late Latin &lt;strong&gt;comprehēnsīvus&lt;/strong&gt;. See comprehension, -ive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;em&gt;comprensivo&lt;/em&gt;, La Real Academia Española (RAE) says [3]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;comprensivo, va&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De comprehensivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when one search &lt;em&gt;comprehensivo&lt;/em&gt; [4]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;comprehensivo&lt;/em&gt;, va.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. &lt;strong&gt;comprehensīvus&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, in my mind, their meaning are suspiciously related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About this, according to The Concise Oxford English Dictionary, 2008, as cited by Wordreference.com, the third definition of Comprehensive is [5]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;▶&lt;em&gt;adjective&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;1 including or dealing with all or nearly all aspects of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;■ of large content or scope.&#xA;  [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;3 &lt;em&gt;archaic&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;relating to understanding&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the first meaning of &lt;em&gt;comprensivo&lt;/em&gt; (according to the RAE) is [6]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene facultad o capacidad de comprender (‖ &lt;strong&gt;entender&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even further, this makes sense to me since, if I remember correctly, the lating word &lt;em&gt;comprehēnsīvus&lt;/em&gt; means something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to grasp, seize, arrest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To grasp... either an idea, a feeling for another human being, or a situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 1 ] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_%28philology%29&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 2 ] dictionary.reference.com/browse/comprehensive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 3 ] rae.es/comprensivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 4 ] rae.es/comprehensivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 5 ] www.wordreference.com/definition/Comprehensive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ 6 ] rae.es/comprensivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. Sorry for the links' format, but I can't post more than 2 links because I need more &lt;em&gt;reputation&lt;/em&gt;. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T09:53:54.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="313" CreationDate="2011-11-26T10:51:21.783" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/473/238&quot;&gt;@Gonzalo has answered your question&lt;/a&gt; from the correct, formal and theoretical point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I wish to share my thoughts since I am a native speaker. @KevinK said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the latter sentence [&quot;¿Lo quieres hacer?&quot;] also looks natural but the meaning is more of confirming the wanting vs. asking if they want to do it at all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About this, I use to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Quieres&lt;/em&gt; hacerlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when I want to know if &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; want to do it. The emphasis is in the implied subject &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;. I am interested in your inner wishes. &lt;em&gt;You&lt;/em&gt; are more important than the &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;. I am interested in your which are &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; inner wishes, about how do &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; feel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/em&gt; quieres hacer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am stressing the &quot;it&quot;. May be the &quot;it&quot; is awkward, embarrassing, or even dangerous. So, I want you to reconsider your decision. As a matter of fact, I use this form when I know already your wishes, but I want you to notice about the &quot;it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, I emphasize the first word (by increasing a little the volume of the voice, slowing down the velocity, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/313/how-do-i-know-whether-to-attach-a-direct-object-pronoun-to-the-infinitive#comment1132_608&quot;&gt;hippetrail&lt;/a&gt; says, this phenomenon is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_%28linguistics%29#Topicalization_.28fronting.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;topicalization&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fronting&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in linguistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-23T11:19:05.413" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T11:19:05.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="613" CreationDate="2011-11-26T10:58:36.327" Score="9" ViewCount="1963" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt; can all be translated as &quot;language&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they interchangeable? If not, what are the differences among them? When to use which?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T13:21:28.707" Title="idioma, lengua and lenguaje" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2011-11-26T11:17:12.900" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico City, it is safe to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, except in the most formal occasions. In such situations you should say something like &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Me lo podría repetir, por favor?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. An intermediate solution is to use &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué dijiste?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué dijo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Throughout history, Mexicans have been subjugated under various authorities. Therefore, the indigenous people were taught to obey. Hence, many people educated their children to answer &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;¿Mande?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, or more formally &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mande usted&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; —notice the lack of the question mark, so that means &quot;At your service&quot;. This still happens, particularly in the inland.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;¿Perdón?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; phrase: you say it because you want to ask for the pardon of your interlocutor because you are afraid to ask her to repeat the phrase (I think it is the same for the English phrase &quot;Excuse me?&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T09:39:37.460" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:39:37.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="612" CreationDate="2011-11-26T11:46:45.740" Score="5" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/571/130&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/468/130&quot;&gt;this previous question of mine&lt;/a&gt;, the answerer used the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio se hirió donde la espalda cambia de nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as an example of a milder version of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio se hirió en el culo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd never seen &quot;donde la espalda...&quot; before and it made me chuckle. However I'd like to understand its exact place in on the social usage scale. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am I right in thinking that the meaning of the expression &quot;&lt;em&gt;donde la espalda cambia de nombre&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the approximate Spanish equivalent of the English expression &quot;&lt;em&gt;where the sun doesn't shine&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? (Seems pretty obvious, but I'd better check to be sure.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How scandalous is it to use that expression? Would it cause great offense in anything other than very friendly, informal company? The English equivalent is fairly tame.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T12:23:03.520" Title="Usage of &quot;donde la espalda cambia de nombre&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="611" CreationDate="2011-11-26T12:23:03.520" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That's exactly what it means.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Actually it isn't that offensive nor gross as you are thinking, it's used kinda softly on Radio and T.V. (at least in Colombia and Peru) as a way to means what it means.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T12:23:03.520" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="609" CreationDate="2011-11-26T13:14:19.187" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting this &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=461455&amp;amp;langid=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference thread&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lengua&lt;/strong&gt; e &lt;strong&gt;idioma&lt;/strong&gt; son prácticamente sinónimos. El problema es que dependiendo del contexto se usa una palabra u otra, pero es una cuestión de uso, no por diferencia de significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;lenguaje&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; se utiliza para comunicación en general independiente del idioma. Ej. El lenguaje de los negocios &lt;em&gt;(...)&lt;/em&gt;, el lenguaje corporal, el lenguaje coloquial, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt; is referring to communication in a broader sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say &amp;quot;lenguaje no verbal&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;lenguaje de los ojos&amp;quot; but not &lt;del&gt;&amp;quot;idioma/lengua no verbal&amp;quot;&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del&gt;&amp;quot;idioma/lengua de los ojos&amp;quot;&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With languages, you can say &lt;em&gt;idioma español&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lengua española&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lenguaje español&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T13:21:28.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="609" CreationDate="2011-11-26T19:26:32.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish we use &quot;idioma&quot; if we talk about a foreign languaje for example English, French, etc and &quot;lenguaje&quot; the way we communicate, the way we use the words, wen can have a corporal languaje or another, and lengua we use for example in lengua española, lengua is often used in the grammar books but we do not use it very often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="87" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T12:43:07.510" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T12:43:07.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2011-11-26T20:24:06.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;sabía&quot; and &quot;supo&quot; are ok, for a native speaker if you use both sounds ok, the problem it is that you want to make the sentence in english, in spanish we talk with many errors , you english speaker too, we did not follow all the grammar.Maybe a Linguistic Expert can answer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="87" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T20:24:06.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2011-11-26T23:58:02.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess one possible explanation in this particular case would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sabía&lt;/code&gt;, is used when the the person, actually, didn't know the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;supo&lt;/code&gt; is used when he knows the answer, but somehow is hidden from his mind&#xA;        at that moment.&#xA;        If you give him enough time he could have figured out the answer by himself.&#xA;        So he knew (somehow), but he couldn't access his knowledge within the &#xA;        timeframe given.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="243" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:19:12.823" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:19:12.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="609" CreationDate="2011-11-27T02:05:49.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you've noticed, they're interchangeable in many contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I observe that Natural Language Processing and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_de_programaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;computer language&lt;/a&gt; are always translated with &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;. Abstract usages like &quot;body language,&quot; &quot;pattern language,&quot; and &quot;the language of color&quot; call for &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;, as does the discussion of languages in general. A slightly antique usage, &lt;em&gt;habla&lt;/em&gt; is close to &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt; but earthier and less abstract sounding; it is not as common today in this sense as the other three words here discussed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A specific language, on the other hand, is &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt;. So far as I can tell from daily use, the principal difference is that one is Greek (&lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt;) and masculine and one is Latin (&lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt;) and feminine and a synonym for the anatomical tongue. That will matter if you ever need to use them in poetry, but in pragmatic speech they're used the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They seem close in &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=lengua%2C+idioma&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt; when you consider the additional uses of &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; for tongue (mostly: delicious beef tongue!). I had the feeling in Mexico that &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt; was more common, but I trust Google Ngram more than my subjective impression. In any case, the difference in usage is small.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The classic &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.archive.org/details/sinnimoscastel00barcuoft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sinónimos Castellanos&lt;/a&gt; by the great lexicographer Roque Barcia has this to say about &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; es el órgano con que hablamos: el habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt; es la práctica de la lengua: el ejercicio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendemos la lengua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejercitamos el lenguaje. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una lengua se fija y se enriquece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un lenguaje se corrige y se pule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los españoles hablan una lengua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada español habla un lenguaje. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La lengua es facultad, disposición, naturaleza. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El lenguaje es estudio, crítica, imitación, hábito, arte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La lengua nos viene de Dios: es la razón, la mente, el espíritu. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El lenguaje nos viene del mundo: es doctrina y belleza. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ambas palabras se derivan del latín lingua, voz formada del verbo lingo, que equivale a lamer. De modo que lengua significa literalmente el órgano con que se lame. El considerarla como órgano de lenguaje, como instrumento de razón, como nuncio de nuestra mente, fué un progreso muy posterior a su etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And about habla as opposed to idioma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habla, en lo antiguo fabla, viene de for, fari en latín, phao, phemis en griego, phasko en jónico. Debe notarse quo el for, fari de los latinos significa más bien adivinar, decir sentencias, usar de la palabra en sentido profótico, elevado, por cuya razón este verbo era mucho más noble que dicere y loqui. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra idioma viene inmediatamente del latín idioma, idiomatis, &#xA;  tomada del griego idioma, voz formada de idios, que significa característico, peculiar, propio. Así fué que la voz idiota, idiotes en griego, no significó primeramente el sentido que hoy tiene, sino que expresaba la idea de una persona que adopta un modo especial de vivir, que se crea un método propio de conducta, extrañándose del trato común de las gentes. Pero como el que vive aislado, según dice nuestro Monlau, suele adquirir pocos conocimientos, idiota pasó á significar rústico, negado, ignorante, hasta llegar á ser término sinónimo de imbécil ó estúpido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El habla es lenguaje. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El idioma es propiedad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El habla caracteriza al hombre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El idioma caracteriza los países. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En una palabra, el habla es un signo de la razón. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El idioma es un signo del habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see Randolph's abridged extract from the RAE or the original &lt;a href=&quot;http://ww.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T02:20:14.887" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T02:20:14.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="330" CreationDate="2011-11-27T02:38:56.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most &quot;false friends&quot; are, in fact, real cognates that have drifted. It is only the specific and local variations in language usage that have driven the most common usages apart. Because of the particular and specific nature of the subtle variations that add up over time, there can be no general rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specific usages you quote are actually not false friends at all but close synonyms or exact matches that happen to have grown alternate usages. Some of those alternative usages have become numerically dominant over time, but the original meaning is mostly still valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual / Actual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both come from Latin &lt;em&gt;ago, agere, egi, actum&lt;/em&gt; -- to act or do. Coming from the Latin past periphrastic participle, they refer to the present outcome of the verb, literally &lt;em&gt;having been acted or done&lt;/em&gt;. English emphasizes the truth of the action and Spanish the present time of the outcome but they meant the same thing once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redact / Redactar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These both mean composition in writing but in English it almost always refers to a text made by combining or censoring an old text. In Spanish it means the same but is much more likely to refer to an original work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comprehensive / Comprensivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To comprehend or &lt;em&gt;comprender&lt;/em&gt; is to take in something completely. In English and in Spanish that can refer to complete coverage in understanding or complete coverage in a more spatial and logical sense. English emphasizes the second and Spanish the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Realize / Realizar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These mean exactly the same thing -- to make real. English has added a sense of realizing a complete model in the mind that has led to implying a sudden understanding and that usage has become dominant recently. The English version still means all the things the Spanish does and is frequently used that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T12:25:54.943" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T12:25:54.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="582" CreationDate="2011-11-27T05:13:24.460" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Esperte, ahorita vengo,&quot; means &quot;wait, I'll be right there.&quot;  Not all things translate exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially when it comes down to &quot;indigenous sayings.&quot; An example of the way we speak in regards to sayings on the border, a typical conversation here in the Mexican barrios or hoods would go something like this if translated to Enlish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;person no. 1 - what wave?....&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  person no. 2 - oranges, you?....&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  person no. 1 - nor potatoes!...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish it would be..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que onda?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Naranjas, y tu?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ni papas!&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now THAT is a real conversation everyone in our hoods would understand immediately. But we speak our own brand of indigenous Spanish! Also saying &quot;Ya mero hay voy&quot; would roughly translate to &quot;I'll be right there.&quot; Many different ways exist depending on the level of familiarity with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T21:16:03.873" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T21:16:03.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="558" CreationDate="2011-11-27T08:17:27.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican border culture, &quot;guey&quot; is the common term for a jackass, in the familiar form, it shows trust between two men to be able to say &quot;What's up asshole?&quot; It is also yet less often used as a derogatory term. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in the Rio Grande Valley, depending on the person doing the name calling can earn you anything from a brutal beat down to a slug in the mug, literally. It is pronounced &quot;way&quot; as in which way. Using crude derogatory terms here is how we enforce &quot;rank&quot; and a display of power in front of peers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To let it get to you in front of others is to show weakness and will usually earn you more of the same or wain of salt and reorse. To accept it with grain of salt return the favor quickly with a little extra spice can ean you respect instead of scorn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T12:49:27.707" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T12:49:27.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="564" CreationDate="2011-11-27T10:48:30.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Juanillo said, it's usual to repeat the &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;no&amp;quot; in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Tienes carro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A1&lt;/strong&gt;: Sí, sí tengo. (for a positive answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A2&lt;/strong&gt;: No, no tengo. (for a negative one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's for the positive question. Although just &amp;quot;Sí&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;No&amp;quot; should be right as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿No tienes carro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the negative question I usually answer in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, sí que tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que tengo. (for a positive answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, no tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. (for a negative one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T03:38:23.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-27T13:13:19.550" Score="20" ViewCount="6669" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we tend to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lol&lt;/strong&gt; = laughing out loud;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rofl&lt;/strong&gt; = rolling on the floor laughing;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lmao&lt;/strong&gt; = laughing my a** off;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;roflmao&lt;/strong&gt; = rolling on the floor laughing my a** off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just some of the forms of text laughter that I first encountered on ICQ/IRC back in the 90s / early 00s.   Naturally we also have 'hah', 'haha', and 'bwahahahha' :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when talking to Spanish-speaking friends, aside from the regular 'jaja', I haven't found many other alternatives to express different levels of amusement.  And it feels wrong to laugh sometimes when it's just something that's mildly amusing, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:32:52.160" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:32:52.160" Title="Internet Chat laughter in Spanish" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="626" CreationDate="2011-11-27T13:34:26.830" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;They use &quot;jajaja&quot;: the more &quot;ja&quot;, the stronger the laugh. But there are variations, like &lt;strong&gt;jejeje&lt;/strong&gt;, which is a less strong laugh and can be a nervous laugh or an &quot;evil&quot; laugh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, there seem to be &quot;alternatives&quot; for LOL in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CMC&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;casi me cago&lt;/em&gt;) = It means &quot;&lt;em&gt;I almost p&lt;/em&gt;**&lt;em&gt;p my pants&lt;/em&gt; (from laughter)&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAC&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;reír a carcajadas&lt;/em&gt;) = lol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen &quot;&lt;strong&gt;MDR&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (muerto de risa), but it actually originated from the French &quot;&lt;em&gt;mort de rire&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, same meaning; it's used by French speakers along with LOL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T13:34:26.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="626" CreationDate="2011-11-27T13:48:01.380" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que yo hago (otros harán otras cosas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te hace gracia y te sonríes &lt;code&gt;:)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te hace gracia y te ríes &lt;code&gt;:D&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una sonrisa perversa: &lt;code&gt;jejejeje&lt;/code&gt; (como levantando el labio superior por el lado derecho)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una sonrisa malvada: &lt;code&gt;muahahahaha&lt;/code&gt; (como el malvado que se ríe cuando su trampa ha funcionado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alguien metió la pata, te sorprendes y te hace un poquito de gracia: &lt;code&gt;Juas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Of course&lt;/em&gt;, también &lt;code&gt;lol&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ja&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;jajaja&lt;/code&gt;, y &lt;code&gt;JAJAJAAJJAJAJAJA&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T13:00:13.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T13:00:13.870" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="629" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="647" CreationDate="2011-11-27T14:43:21.880" Score="8" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the song &lt;em&gt;Pequeño Amor&lt;/em&gt; by the Chiquitas, there is the following chorus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tú&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The song is a duet, and the above is sung by members of the opposite sex to one another. It is &quot;Dame tu luz&quot; which is confusing to me. I know that &quot;dar la luz&quot; is an idiomatic expression meaning &quot;to give birth (to)&quot;, but what does &quot;Dame tu luz&quot; mean in the given context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: The entire video can be found on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFBW8EeLqco&quot;&gt;YouTube&lt;/a&gt;. Hopefully that will guide the answers toward what I'm after. I know it literally translates to &quot;Give me your light&quot;. What I'm looking for is an idiomatic translation for what that means in the context of the song.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T18:08:49.560" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T18:08:49.560" Title="Idiomatic translation of &quot;Dame tu luz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="629" CreationDate="2011-11-27T14:55:36.230" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know the song, but the translation of that sentence should simply be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;give me your light&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not &quot;give me birth/give birth to me&quot;, because in that case it should be &quot;dame la luz&quot;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that like &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; (personal pronoun) and &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; (masculine singular article), also &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; (personal pronoun) and &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; (possessive pronoun) has a subtle difference. You can see it yourself in the same chorus you provided, both &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; are there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: The translation is that one, and the meaning is the same. The translation I provided is not meant as something along the lines of &quot;give me your lamp&quot;, but rather something more like &quot;give me your love&quot; (just an example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say something romantic such as &quot;you are shining to me&quot;, you're not actually saying the other person is &lt;em&gt;glowing&lt;/em&gt;, but it's a way of saying that the other person &lt;em&gt;for you&lt;/em&gt; is glowing, since you love that person. It's not just intended in a romantic sense, as in the song &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.francescoproductions.com/GiveMeYourLight&quot;&gt;Give me your light&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. I'm not sure I was very clear on this one, but I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T16:10:54.657" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T16:10:54.657" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="636" CreationDate="2011-11-27T18:44:58.227" Score="5" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon the English term &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truthiness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Truthiness&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;truth&quot; that a person claims to know intuitively &quot;from the gut&quot; in that it &quot;feels right&quot; without regard to evidence, logic, intellectual examination, or facts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like this word very much, especially in the context of conspiracy theories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In German you would use diminutive suffixes to minimize/belittle a word, a subjective opinion with a little bit feeled truth in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What spanish suffixes would you use for &lt;em&gt;verdad&lt;/em&gt; to build the counterpart. I only know there are different suffixes for different word-endings. Please explain also if/how phonetic (maybe dialects - works well in German) reasons would influence your choice, so it doesn't sound too artificial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="60" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T12:30:15.550" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T01:52:51.893" Title="How would you build the spanish counterpart of &quot;truthiness&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="631" CreationDate="2011-11-27T20:24:17.840" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colbert Report fan, eh?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a tough one. I looked to color words, many of which have an &lt;code&gt;-ish&lt;/code&gt; equivalent, which is what we're looking for here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;rojizo&lt;/code&gt; - reddish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;blanquizo&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;blanquecino&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;blancuzco&lt;/code&gt; - whitish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;azulado&lt;/code&gt; - bluish &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;verdoso&lt;/code&gt; - greenish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;negruzco&lt;/code&gt; - blackish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;amarillente/amarilloso&lt;/code&gt; - yellowish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the technical name of the language feature, but you can see there are a variety of ways to make an adjective vague, and it depends on the structure of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; can be &lt;code&gt;verdadero&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;cierto&lt;/code&gt;, although &lt;code&gt;truth&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;verdad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said all that...how about &lt;code&gt;verdaderosidad&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;certizidad&lt;/code&gt;? Maybe even &lt;code&gt;veracecinidad&lt;/code&gt; (from &lt;code&gt;veraz&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;veracecino&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like &lt;code&gt;verdaderoisdad&lt;/code&gt; the most even if it's a bit long. It gives it that essential silly element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T20:24:17.840" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-11-27T20:24:17.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="634" CreationDate="2011-11-27T20:34:32.280" Score="12" ViewCount="12001" Body="&lt;p&gt;Somebody just asked me to correct something, and I found that I changed one of their instances of &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt;. I didn't do this because &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't have worked in the sentence, but rather because I just felt &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; flowed better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original sentence was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la Filipinas, ¿las escuelas todavían enseñar el sujeto de español como una segunda idioma?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I corrected it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿En las Filipinas, enseñan aún las escuelas la materia de español como idioma extranjero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please don't get distracted by the translation.&lt;/strong&gt; I'm just wondering if my choice of &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; was correct here, and if so, what is the difference between it and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt;? I seem to have picked some understanding along the way that led me to do that, but I want to confirm it more concretely or know if my suspicion was baseless and this is something I made up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thread &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=195772&quot;&gt;aún,todavía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; on Word Reference seems to confirm what I thought: basically, that one should use what sounds better, that there are regional differences, and that &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; is more literary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T17:54:27.093" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T17:54:27.093" Title="&quot;Aún&quot; vs. &quot;todavía&quot;, what's the difference?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="633" CreationDate="2011-11-27T21:12:29.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; usually sounds better in informal situations. They are almost always interchangeable, but there are a few exceptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aún also means &quot;hasta&quot;: &#xA;  &quot;Fué demasiada cerveza, aún para mí&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aún as a conjuntion (&quot;ni&quot;):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;No tomaría más, aún cuando me lo pidieras&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;No quiso tomar, aún habiéndoselo pedido&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another situation where they are not interchangeable is (as always) poetry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hoy es siempre todavía&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antonio Machado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T21:45:08.003" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T21:45:08.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="633" CreationDate="2011-11-27T21:21:44.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference resides in that &lt;strong&gt;aú(u)n&lt;/strong&gt; has two possible meanings. And that &lt;strong&gt;todavía&lt;/strong&gt; has one when in comparison with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning of todavía according to RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=todav%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;todavía.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De toda y vía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. Hasta un momento determinado desde tiempo anterior. Está durmiendo todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. ant. siempre (‖ en todo tiempo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Con todo eso, no obstante, sin embargo. Es muy ingrato, pero todavía quiero yo hacerle bien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. U. con sentido concesivo corrigiendo una frase anterior. ¿Para qué ahorras?; todavía si tuvieras hijos estaría justificado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Denota encarecimiento o ponderación. Juan es todavía más aplicado que su hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún means almost the same. The difference is the accent, that can change its overall meaning. &lt;strong&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;aún&lt;/strong&gt; are sometimes called perfect synonims because they are claimed to be interchangeable. As Belisarius said and posted the rules, so I won't repost the rules here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;Aú(u)n&lt;/strong&gt; by RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=todav%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aun&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. adhuc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. t. todavía (‖ hasta un momento determinado).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. todavía (‖ no obstante, sin embargo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. todavía (‖ en sentido concesivo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. todavía (‖ en sentido de encarecimiento o ponderación).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Denota a veces idea de encarecimiento en sentido afirmativo o negativo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ORTOGR. Escr. con acento cuando pueda sustituirse por todavía. Aún&#xA;  ('todavía') está enfermo. En los demás casos, se escribirá sin tilde.&#xA;  Te daré 100 duros, y aun ('hasta') 200, si los necesitas. No tengo yo&#xA;  tanto, ni aun ('ni siquiera') la mitad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As RAE says it is almost always interchangeable, but when it isn't aun has no accent. What does this mean? It means that aun is being used as &lt;strong&gt;even&lt;/strong&gt;. To be concrete you write &lt;strong&gt;aun&lt;/strong&gt; when you can substitute it by &lt;strong&gt;incluso&lt;/strong&gt; this inherently means that it can't be changeable with &lt;strong&gt;todavía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are some examples to illustrate this point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobierno francés está persuadido de la “ilegalidad” de la operación&#xA;  [...], pero aun así dará asistencia consular y jurídica a los 16&#xA;  detenidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero ningún hombre es respetable, ni aun los santos, ni aun los locos,&#xA;  ni aun los niños que juegan con piedras junto a los pozos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te puedo prestar 100 euros, aun 200; contal de que me los devuelvas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2007/aun-con-tilde-y-aun-sin-tilde/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source for aun and aún.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T21:21:44.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="631" CreationDate="2011-11-27T22:03:20.257" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper way to say it is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Veracidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As kevin said his examples are very good. But I am afraid that verdaderosidad does not exist or certizidad or veracecinidad. The proper word is &lt;strong&gt;veracidad&lt;/strong&gt; even if no so fancy as the invented versions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As gonzalo said per comments, &lt;strong&gt;certeza&lt;/strong&gt; is a good alternative. The problem is that in Spanish we don't have a exact translation for a word such as Truthiness. Truthiness means something that has the quality of &lt;strong&gt;seeming&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;being felt&lt;/strong&gt; as true but is not necessarily true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now a word that can express the &lt;strong&gt;exact&lt;/strong&gt; meaning of truthiness would be &lt;strong&gt;intuición&lt;/strong&gt; but that means something that slightly diverges from the meaning. But essentially means the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intuición&lt;/strong&gt; is something someone feels that is true, but cannot be certain it is. So you can slightly change context to use it and make the communication of the meaning you want, effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verosímil&lt;/strong&gt; seems to express the exact meaning correctly. Or at least very close to it. As Juan Pablo pointed out. Check it out on the RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-06-26T01:52:51.893" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T01:52:51.893" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2011-11-27T23:39:59.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read in the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0415273048&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modern Spanish Grammar&lt;/a&gt; that in general:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;aje&lt;/em&gt; are masculine  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt; are feminine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are words with both genders, and the meanings are different depending on the gender, e.g. &lt;em&gt;arte, corte, frente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are words with both genders, and the meanings are the same for each gender, e.g. &lt;em&gt;casete, interrogante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T08:29:10.840" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T08:29:10.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="642" CreationDate="2011-11-28T03:43:31.430" Score="11" ViewCount="884" Body="&lt;p&gt;The plural form of compound words in Spanish is not an easy matter. If the compound word already has its final element in plural form, then the plural form is the same as the singular one: for example, &lt;em&gt;el cortaúñas / los cortaúñas&lt;/em&gt;. Otherwise, there seems to be three different categories for compound words according as how they form their plural form: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By forming the plural form of the final element: &lt;em&gt;la antesala / las antesalas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By forming the plural form of the initial element: &lt;em&gt;el hijodalgo / los hijosdalgo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By forming the plural form of both elements: &lt;em&gt;el gentilhombre / los gentileshombres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a general rule to know how to obtain the plural form for compound words? Of course, the case in which the singular and plural forms are the same is not interesting; I am interested in the other case, illustrated by the three examples above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T19:29:21.337" Title="Plural form of compound words" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;morfología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2011-11-28T08:37:57.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish, the word &quot;escuela&quot; is a generic term for school, usually grade school level, &quot;colegio&quot; means college, high school is called &quot;escuela secundaria&quot;, and a university is called &quot;universidad&quot;. We also have &quot;colegio tecnico&quot; = Technical College, as of a college that teaches a special trade without taking all the extras needed for a higher degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T08:37:57.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2011-11-28T09:57:37.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I have seen it used in Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;escuela&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; school, as generic term to describe any type of teaching institution (even stuff like eg. cooking courses); &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;colegio&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; primary &amp;amp; secondary school;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;instituto&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; prep-school; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[escuela|colegio|instituto] superior&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; college;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T09:57:37.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="638" CreationDate="2011-11-28T13:37:03.013" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque existe la palabra independiente &quot;ante&quot; («&lt;em&gt;me presento &lt;strong&gt;ante&lt;/strong&gt; vosotros para que me juzguéis&lt;/em&gt;»), en el caso de &quot;antesala&quot; no es la unión de las palabras &quot;ante&quot; y &quot;sala&quot; sino que es la unión de elemento compositivo &quot;ante-&quot; y el sustantivo &quot;sala&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; - Los elementos compositivos (&quot;auto-&quot;, &quot;tele-&quot;, &quot;ante-&quot;, &quot;anti-&quot;, &quot;a-&quot;, etc.) son invariables: automóviles, teléfonos, antecapillas, antibélico, ateos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; - Los adjetivos compuestos por prefijo y sustantivo son invariables (faros antiniebla, máscara antigas, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta aquí está claro pues lo dice la RAE, ahora daré un pequeño rodeo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; - Las unidades léxicas formadas por dos sustantivos se construye el plural con el primer sustantivo dejando invariable el segundo: «explotó un &lt;strong&gt;coche bomba&lt;/strong&gt; en la calle» se pluraliza a «explotaron varios &lt;strong&gt;coches bomba&lt;/strong&gt; en la calle», «es inviable conducir por Madrid en &lt;strong&gt;horas punta&lt;/strong&gt;», «el uso de &lt;strong&gt;mujeres objeto&lt;/strong&gt; siempre es polémico en publicidad, pero nunca oí a alguien quejarse del uso de &lt;strong&gt;hombres objeto&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt; - Las unidades léxicas formadas por sustantivo y adjetivo se pluraliza con el plural de ambas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;E&lt;/strong&gt; - &quot;Algo&quot; es un pronombre indefinido neutro tanto para género como para número.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi opinión&lt;/strong&gt; (que nadie lo tome como si lo dijera la RAE), y por lo tanto solo es una mera opinión que puede ser errónea, es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; - Si algún día la unidad léxica &quot;coche cama&quot; por un uso frecuente se llega a convertir en la palabra &quot;cochecama&quot;, entonces su plural sería problemático porque algunos hablantes lo pluralizarían de la forma habitual para todos los sustantivos (&quot;tenemos dos cochecamas&quot;), otros hablantes unirían la expresión original en plural (&quot;tenemos dos cochescama&quot;) y otros hablantes optarían por hacer las dos cosas (&quot;tenemos dos cochescamas&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dentro de unos siglos se admitiera la palabra &quot;cochecama&quot; y la RAE mantuviera su política de los últimos siglos de promover lo simple por delante de otros usos, entonces promovería el prural &quot;cochecamas&quot; admitiendo durante un tiempo la palabra &quot;cochescamas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gentilhombre&quot; cuyo plural recomendado es &quot;gentilhombres&quot; y se admite &quot;gentileshombres&quot; sería un caso idéntico al que ocurriría en el hipotético caso de que la RAE admitiera la palabra &quot;cochecama&quot; con plural &quot;cochecamas&quot; (recomendado) y &quot;cochescamas&quot; (permitido)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; - «hijo de algo» antaño se contraía por el arcaísmo «hijo dalgo», y hoy en día usamos la palabra &quot;hijodalgo&quot;. Como &quot;algo&quot; es invariable ante el plural, la expresión original era «hijos dalgo» y se respeta en la palabra &quot;hijosdalgo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, en las palabras compuestas SIEMPRE se construye el plural siguiendo la pauta habitual para el resto de sustantivos y adjetivos excepto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1º Adjetivos compuestos por prefijo + sustantivo que permanecen invariables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2º Sustantivos que se originan como contracción por un uso intensivo de una unidad léxica. En estas palabras su plural es el plural de la unidad léxica original (gentileshombres, hijosdalgo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T19:30:50.210" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T19:30:50.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="645" CreationDate="2011-11-28T15:07:49.730" Score="19" ViewCount="1564" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;Enrique&quot;, even though its 'r' position is at the middle of a word, pronounced as a double &quot;r&quot;? What are the orthographic rules you need to know to determine if an &quot;r&quot; must be pronounced as a double &quot;r&quot; or just an &quot;r&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T16:48:20.780" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T12:08:39.637" Title="Why is &quot;Enrique&quot; pronunced as though it has a double &quot;r&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-11-28T15:14:25.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I didn't know why this happened, but there's an explanation on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=9770&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;elcastellano.org&lt;/a&gt; which boils down to this: common names or surnames follow the same rules as every spanish word, but &quot;single r&quot; is pronounced like a &quot;strong r&quot; (like &quot;ratón&quot;) when following &quot;l&quot;, &quot;n&quot; or &quot;s&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is obvious when forming words from other that start with &quot;strong r&quot;: &quot;enrejar&quot; (from &quot;reja&quot;), &quot;enredar&quot; (from &quot;red&quot;), etc. But also in names like Enrique or Israel, or adverbs like &quot;alrededor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastEditorUserId="46" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T16:04:59.943" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T16:04:59.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-11-28T15:16:45.470" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;strong R&quot; (as in Rat) is spelled as just one &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt; when in the middle of a word follows an L, M, N or S. As it's said in the comments, maybe M should not be considered because I can't think on any word with &quot;mr&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alrededor, Conrado, desratizar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=R#3/%20%22la%20letra%20R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la letra R&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T05:30:11.267" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T05:30:11.267" CommentCount="20" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="660" CreationDate="2011-11-28T16:10:15.410" Score="8" ViewCount="2011" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just writing in our chat room that I didn't &quot;get&quot; what one of the other questions was trying to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I was writing in the chat room in Spanish and realized I didn't know how to say &quot;get&quot; in this very informal sense and had to leave it in English with scare quotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there a slang or colloquial way to express this in Spanish or do I have to resort to going back to vanilla language and using something colourless like &quot;understand&quot; or &quot;comprehend&quot; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think slang and colloquial language is bad and should be avoided, imagine you are translating dialogue in fiction, subtitles for a movie, or an actual quote uttered by a famous person. There are plenty of times you want to translate for the highest fidelity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(But of course sometimes two languages don't have slang or informal terms for all the same things.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:35:16.510" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T04:40:47.147" Title="Is there a colloquial Spanish equivalent for &quot;to get it&quot; in the sense of grasping a concept?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="629" CreationDate="2011-11-28T16:14:14.237" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with translating phrases like this are that they are poetic, not idiomatic.  Saying &quot;dame tu luz&quot; isn't an idiom, but a poetic saying.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind, we have to &lt;em&gt;interpret what the artist is trying to say&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mp3lyrics.org/c/chiquititas/pequeno-amor/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the lyrics to the song&lt;/a&gt;, we see from the first verse that the singer is looking at &quot;pequño amor&quot; as a star.  In this case, the &quot;star&quot; giving light would be shining love down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while the literal translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;give me your light&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the poetic translation of this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;give me your love&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I must reinforce that this is poetic and not idiomatic.  If you walk up to someone and say &quot;dame tu luz&quot;, they may reach for a lamp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastEditorUserId="3" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T18:37:36.273" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T18:37:36.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-11-28T16:14:58.813" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we usually use &quot;No lo pillo&quot; or &quot;No lo he pillado&quot; so you can use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T0BTFmP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pillar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Another one, but it's getting out of use, is &quot;no me enter&quot;, &quot;no me he enterado&quot;. Please be aware that both are &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:36:30.413" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:36:30.413" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-11-28T16:23:11.903" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would just use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te entiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No entiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No comprendo. (Hardly used in México)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T16:23:11.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-11-28T16:55:10.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No entiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No capto. (&lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No cacho. (&lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T16:55:10.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-11-28T19:29:34.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Spanish &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; is harder and more abrupt than the English &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;.  It is similar to the &lt;em&gt;rd&lt;/em&gt; sound in 'card'.  Additionally, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; is trilled at the beginning of a word and following &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.  The &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; is always trilled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the hardness of the &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; sound often depends on region. I've seen some Spanish texts from parts of South America say the &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; sounds exactly like an English &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;--this is not true in many places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T19:29:34.377" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="657" CreationDate="2011-11-28T21:12:30.887" Score="41" ViewCount="11938" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that there aren't any words in Spanish that start with &lt;code&gt;sp&lt;/code&gt;.  Latin words are altered to include an &lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt; in front of the &lt;code&gt;sp&lt;/code&gt;.  Even loan words are often modified to &lt;code&gt;esp...&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spaghetti → &lt;em&gt;espagueti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sparta → &lt;em&gt;Esparta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've even heard (but for obvious reasons, not read):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sprite → &lt;em&gt;Esprite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española's &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; lists a few English loan words that start &lt;code&gt;sp&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;speech&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sponsor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sport&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;spot&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;spray&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sprint&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(It seems like several of these are technical terms related to broadcasting, but otherwise I can't see why these spellings were not altered.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, when I looked at the title of this very question, I noticed perhaps the strangest spelling change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; → Spanish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why don't Spanish words (in general) start with the &lt;code&gt;sp&lt;/code&gt; sound?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-16T16:36:18.437" LastActivityDate="2021-05-06T07:44:37.273" Title="Why don't Spanish words start with &quot;sp&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="652" CreationDate="2011-11-28T21:51:54.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish all syllables must have at least one &quot;vowel sound&quot; because without a vowel a consonant can't be pronounced. &quot;Y&quot; also represents a vowel sound sometimes (e.g. in words like &lt;em&gt;whisky&lt;/em&gt; (for the syllable &lt;em&gt;ky&lt;/em&gt;)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as all words starting with the sound &quot;ESP&quot;/&quot;SP&quot; should be divided in two syllables so &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; should be the first and &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; should belong to the next one. As the first syllable is &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; there should be an &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt; before the &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; so that consonant can have a sound, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ESPAÑA --&amp;gt; ES - PA - ÑA &#xA;ESPECIAL --&amp;gt; ES- PE- CIAL &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this is just because the sound in english for S in Spanish is written ES, because &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; by itself doesn't have a sound (except you mean the letter S, but that is called &quot;ese&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;: WHY SP sound always is 2 syllables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the rules for forming syllables in Spanish. I select some of them which affect this case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A consonanat can't form by itself a syllable --&gt; so S can't be alone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the word could be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-ESP + Vowel (CASE 1) e.g. ESPAÑA&#xA;-ESP + Consonant(L/R)+vowel  (CASE2) e.g. ESPLENDOR, ESPRAY,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When there is a VOWEL + CONSONANT + CONSONANT + VOWEL the syllable one ends in the first consonant and the other in the second, except for these groups: bl, br, dr, cr, cl, fr, fl, gr, gl, pl, pr, tr y dr --&gt; For CASE 1 As &quot;SP&quot; is not in the group the syllables must be ES - P...  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When there are 3 consonants in a row the first two consonants go in the same syllable and the 3rd in the next one. But if the 3rd consonant is an L or an R the first consonant goes in the first syllable and the 2 next consonants in the next syllable. --&gt; For CASE 2 this means that ES belongs to the first syllable and PR/PL to the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is how S and P can't belong to the same syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-16T16:42:29.160" LastActivityDate="2019-05-16T16:42:29.160" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="652" CreationDate="2011-11-28T22:36:52.730" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish words can't begin with sibilant blends, so when such a word is made or borrowed, an &quot;e&quot; is usually prepended to mesh with the pattern of Spanish pronunciation. It's not just &quot;sp.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some English cognates, either with common Latin origins or borrowed anglicisms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esbelto (svelte)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;escasez (scarcity)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esfera (sphere)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eslogan (slogan)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esmog (smog)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esnob (snob)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;espinacas (spinach -- that's an Arabic one for variety!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esquina (square)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estandar (standard)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's not just &quot;sp.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these words come from English -- like smog, snob, and slogan (the last one from Gaelic) -- and others like &lt;em&gt;esfera&lt;/em&gt; are Greek σφαῖρα via Latin &lt;em&gt;sphaera&lt;/em&gt;. All of those add the &quot;e&quot; only in Spanish. Some of the other Latin words like &lt;em&gt;exquadra&lt;/em&gt; (squared off) or &lt;em&gt;exvellere&lt;/em&gt; (stretched, svelte) have the Latin &lt;em&gt;ex-&lt;/em&gt; (out of) prefix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a common enough pattern that it should be a part of every Spanish translator's toolkit. If you ever need to help a native Spanish speaker with foreign pronunciation, you will find that the idea of launching into sibilant blends without a softening initial vowel is foreign enough to be a shock at first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spain note:&lt;/strong&gt; As for Spain and España, the original Latin name for Iberia was &lt;em&gt;Hispania&lt;/em&gt;, so it was the English version that dropped the characteristic vowel rather than the Spanish version that added it. It's an interesting reversal of the usual pattern where Latin words added the vowel as part of the evolution of the Spanish language and English kept them bare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="137" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T23:10:57.930" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T23:10:57.930" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="656" CreationDate="2011-11-29T02:11:27.433" Score="10" ViewCount="1670" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there is no singular first person imperative form for Spanish verbs (as far as I know), I was wondering whether there is an equivalent to the, possibly idiomatic, English expression of a person giving themselves a command. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. Someone trying to answer a question and saying to themselves 'Think!' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T02:40:59.863" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T23:14:24.383" Title="How would you express giving a command to yourself in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="655" CreationDate="2011-11-29T02:20:54.527" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you use the second person singular to refer to yourself in the imperative way.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For &lt;code&gt;Think!&lt;/code&gt; you will say &lt;code&gt;¡Piensa!&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;¡Pensá!&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; regions of South America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot say that for the first person, so you always refer to yourself in the second person for the imperative (as in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="189" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T23:14:24.383" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T23:14:24.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="652" CreationDate="2011-11-29T02:31:34.223" Score="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;It’s a basic rule of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Phonotactics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish phonotactics&lt;/a&gt;. In a nutshell, the structure of a Spanish syllable does not allow it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(C&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)) (S&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) V (S&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) (C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; (C&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Spanish syllable consists of an optional &lt;strong&gt;onset&lt;/strong&gt;, consisting of one or two consonants; a required &lt;strong&gt;nucleus&lt;/strong&gt;, consisting of a vowel optionally preceded by and/or followed by a semivowel; and an optional &lt;strong&gt;coda&lt;/strong&gt;, consisting of one or two consonants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now take “spa” (as in Spanish) as an example syllable. First in the onset can be any consonant (here [s]), but &lt;strong&gt;a second consonant is allowed only if the first is [p], [t], [k], [b], [d], [ɡ], or [f]&lt;/strong&gt;. Furthermore, the second consonant can only be [l] or [r]. “Spa” satisfies neither of these rules, therefore it cannot occur as a syllable in a (native) Spanish word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It just happens that the most common words which &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; begin with [sp-] in English begin with [esp-] in Spanish, because that was usually the original spelling. English got a lot of these words via Old French; the initial [e] was reduced to [ə] and typically dropped thereafter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously Spanish speakers have the &lt;em&gt;physical&lt;/em&gt; ability to pronounce words beginning with [sp] and other such consonant clusters. But when learning (or borrowing words from) another language, our pronunciation is often coloured by our native tongue, hence “Esprite”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason Spanish lost syllable-initial /sp/ from Latin is that &lt;strong&gt;this sequence of sounds is a violation of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonority_Sequencing_Principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sonority sequencing principle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Normally, sounds in a syllable are more sonorous (vowels, glides, and liquids) toward the centre of the syllable, and less sonorous (nasals, stops, and clicks) toward the beginning and end. Most languages follow this structure fairly closely, typically with a few exceptional words, most often involving clusters of /s/ + stop consonant. Latin allowed /sp/ as an exception to the SSP (and Western Romance languages like Italian still do), but Spanish does not, so /sp-/ words were altered to place the /s/ at the &lt;em&gt;end&lt;/em&gt; of a syllable, giving /esp-/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, &lt;strong&gt;/sp-/ is an &lt;em&gt;unusual&lt;/em&gt; phonetic feature&lt;/strong&gt;, and such features are often lost during contact with other languages—in this case, contact between Vulgar Latin and the local Iberian languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="252" LastEditorUserId="252" LastEditDate="2020-01-24T03:45:12.550" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T03:45:12.550" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="655" CreationDate="2011-11-29T04:23:21.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All Spanish imperatives follow the subjunctive, with the sole exception of the present tense second person singular familiar (tú) positive form (and the vosotros form, in places that use it). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first person singular form is usually considered absent for imperatives, but you can use the second person familiar or the third person subjunctive which is conveniently the same as the first person subjunctive. The first person plural imperative follows the subjunctive rule regularly (it's the form that uses the &quot;let&quot; form in English). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're really giving yourself a command or suggestion, you might also consider using the first person plural. Sometimes it sounds less crazy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for pensar (think):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Self, think. --&gt; &lt;em&gt;piense&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;piensa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You, think. --&gt; &lt;em&gt;piensa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You (formal), think. --&gt; &lt;em&gt;piense&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let us think. (or: Let's think.) --&gt; &lt;em&gt;pensemos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You (plural), think. --&gt; &lt;em&gt;piensen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/369/does-indirect-speech-in-spanish-require-changes-in-tense-mood-etc&quot;&gt;Indirect speech&lt;/a&gt; imperatives follow the subjunctive sequence of tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T04:30:33.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-11-29T05:30:03.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please be aware that you are asking for slang terms, so usual idioms localization apply. A native Spanish speaker &lt;em&gt;probably&lt;/em&gt; will understand expressions from another country/region, but they may sound odd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are several ways to say &quot;I don't get it&quot; that will be understood by Argentinean speakers. As for how frequently they are used, YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more usual ones are NOT slang (and were pointed out in other answers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te entiendo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No entiendo  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the slang :(Warning &lt;em&gt;very informal&lt;/em&gt; expressions ahead)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te cacho (as in Chile)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No te pesco&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo qué? (bad construct, showing disdain)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Non capisco (from Italian)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ye ne compré pá (from French &quot;je ne comprends pas&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Old, almost not used now) Yo no compro pan (as a joke on the previous one)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Also old, mostly unused) No te manyo (from the Italian “mangiare la foglia”)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-11T04:40:47.147" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T04:40:47.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-11-29T15:14:35.303" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala se utiliza (de manera muy informal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No agarré la onda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T15:14:35.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="663" CreationDate="2011-11-29T18:15:38.940" Score="19" ViewCount="10906" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people have trouble determining when accent marks (tildes) should be used and where.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the rules for accent placement in Spanish? How do you determine whether the vowel on the stressed syllable should have an accent mark or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-09-08T09:54:05.447" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T17:33:31.187" Title="What are the accent placement rules in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="665" CreationDate="2011-11-29T18:20:16.263" Score="6" ViewCount="8680" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/50008/what-kind-of-rain-is-sprinkles&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; on English.StackExchange made me wonder about words for rain in Spanish. In English, a light rain can be a &lt;em&gt;drizzle&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sprinkle&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;mist&lt;/em&gt; and a heavy rain can be a &lt;em&gt;deluge&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;downpour&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;pouring rain&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What similar words in Spanish are used to describe different types of rainfall?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T04:53:48.600" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T05:00:11.240" Title="Words for strong or weak rain (sprinkling, drizzling, pouring)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="661" CreationDate="2011-11-29T18:39:10.910" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three main categories of words in Spanish, according to what syllable the stress falls on: &lt;strong&gt;agudas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;llanas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;graves&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;esdrújulas&lt;/strong&gt;. Let's see what these terms mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words are divided in syllables. In order to know which syllable gets a tilde, or written accent mark, you need to count the syllables. The counting goes from the last syllable towards the beginning of the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One-syllable words&lt;/strong&gt;: One-syllable words never have a tilde, except in the ambiguity-breaking cases discussed at the end of this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agudas&lt;/strong&gt;: These are the words that have the stress on the &lt;strong&gt;last&lt;/strong&gt; syllable. They get the tilde if they end in &lt;strong&gt;-s&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;-n&lt;/strong&gt;, or vowel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;posición&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estás&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llanas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;graves&lt;/strong&gt;: The words falling into this category have the stress on the &lt;strong&gt;penultimate&lt;/strong&gt; (second to last) syllable. They get the tilde when they &lt;strong&gt;don't&lt;/strong&gt; end with &lt;strong&gt;-s&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;-n&lt;/strong&gt; or vowel (the opposite situation from the first category I listed).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cónsul&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;López&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esdrújulas&lt;/strong&gt;: These words have the stress falling on the &lt;strong&gt;third to last&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;fourth to last&lt;/strong&gt; syllable. These words are &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; written with a tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;práctica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;próximo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jóvenes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diciéndoselo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other rules&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You put a tilde also on words that have &lt;em&gt;hiatus&lt;/em&gt; formed by strong vowels (a, e, o) and weak vowels (i, u), such as:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;período&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Raúl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;actúan&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;filosofía&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the case of the fourth-to-last syllable can also be called by a specific term, &amp;quot;sobreesdrújula.&amp;quot;  Example: Less common are the words with the stress falling on the fourth-to-last syllable, such as &lt;em&gt;diciéndoselo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adverbs ending with &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; get the accent when they come from an adjective that has it: &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;rápidamente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cordial&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;cordialmente&lt;/em&gt;. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19466/1674&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Last, but not least, you use it on words that have ambiguity or that require the tilde in special situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tú (subject pronoun) – tu (possessive pronoun)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;él (pronoun) – el (article)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dé (present subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;) – de (preposition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mí (prepositional/stressed pronoun) – mi (possessive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sí (&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;) – si (&amp;quot;if&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;más (&amp;quot;more&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;plus&amp;quot;) – mas (&amp;quot;but&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sé (present tense of &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot;) – se (reflexive/reciprocal/indirect object pronoun)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;té (&amp;quot;tea&amp;quot;) – te (unstressed pronoun)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interrogative pronouns: &lt;em&gt;cuándo, qué, cómo, dónde, cuál, quién&lt;/em&gt; – non-interrogative corresponding conjunctions: &lt;em&gt;cuando, que, como, donde, cual, quien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;del&gt;demostrative pronouns &lt;em&gt;éste, ése, aquél&lt;/em&gt; – demostrative determinants &lt;em&gt;este, ese, aquel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/del&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/los-demostrativos-no-se-acentuan-896/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deprecated rule&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;sólo – solo&lt;/strike&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1123/13628&quot;&gt;deprecated rule&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-09-08T17:33:31.187" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T17:33:31.187" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="664" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="666" CreationDate="2011-11-29T18:46:15.447" Score="7" ViewCount="789" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has several words that could be translated &quot;hole&quot; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hoyo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;agujero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hueco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bache&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boquete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;brecha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;madriguera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between these words? In what situations can each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T05:59:24.503" Title="Different words for &quot;hole&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="662" CreationDate="2011-11-29T19:30:14.053" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Click the nouns to view the definition on the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=llovizna&quot;&gt;Llovizna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: the correspondent for &quot;drizzle&quot;, a &quot;weak&quot; rain;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=aguacero&quot;&gt;Aguacero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: abundant, sudden rain, that lasts for a short time;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=chubasco&quot;&gt;Chubasco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: like &quot;downpour&quot;, same as aguacero and chaparrón;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=chaparr%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;Chaparrón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;tough&quot; rain that lasts for a short time;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=diluvio&quot;&gt;Diluvio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Very strong rain, or &quot;flood&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this page on &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/vocabulary/a/weathervocab.htm&quot;&gt;Spanish.about.com&lt;/a&gt; for more weather-related terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T19:38:50.133" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T19:38:50.133" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-11-29T22:29:14.930" Score="13" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hoyo&lt;/strong&gt;: Apertura en el suelo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El golf consiste en meter una pelota en un hoyo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hueco&lt;/strong&gt;: Cavidad, espacio libre entre dos o más sólidos. Lo contrario de &quot;macizo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este ladrillo está hueco y por eso pesa poco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bache&lt;/strong&gt;: Un hoyo en una carretera o camino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este camino está lleno de baches.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agujero&lt;/strong&gt;: Apertura más o menos redondeada. (En astronomía, black hole = agujero negro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los disparos hicieron varios agujeros en la bandera.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boquete&lt;/strong&gt;: Agujero grande. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El obús hizo un boquete en la pared.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Brecha&lt;/strong&gt;: Rotura o apertura irregular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las máquinas de asedio abrieron una brecha en las murallas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madriguera&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;casa&quot; de los animales como el conejo que consiste en un agujero en el suelo con túneles y dependencias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;El conejo escapó de los perros al esconderse en su madriguera.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="193" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T08:31:45.687" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T08:31:45.687" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-29T23:43:27.160" Score="2" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has several words that could be translated &quot;sign&quot; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;letrero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rótulo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;señal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;indicio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cartel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pancarta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;seña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between these words? In what situations can each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T02:18:09.380" Title="Different words for &quot;sign&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="667" CreationDate="2011-11-30T01:07:47.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;letrero&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tIpfs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;rótulo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OHetG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;señal&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WSfdA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cartel  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/X8yBY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pancarta&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zl2cC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Indicio&quot; means something like &quot;clue&quot;, while &quot;seña&quot; has many meanings, the most usual is &quot;gesture&quot; (like waving a hand, or closing one eye), but also means &quot;a particular characteristic&quot; of someone or something, &quot;a sign made to show a direction or to signal a place&quot;, and surprisingly (in some countries/regions) a payment made as a promise to buy (to prevent the seller changing the price or selling to somebody else).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T02:18:09.380" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T02:18:09.380" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="579" CreationDate="2011-11-30T01:20:58.520" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You just fall in love with those cute kids as soon as you see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Simplemente te van a encantar esos adorables niños en cuanto los veas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I would translate &lt;code&gt;cute&lt;/code&gt; as as &lt;code&gt;adorable&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="258" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T17:22:28.223" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T17:22:28.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="683" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:04:20.813" Score="7" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;loísmo&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt;? How common are they, and where are they primarily encountered?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2013-07-30T07:55:36.557" LastActivityDate="2013-07-30T07:55:36.557" Title="What are leísmo, loísmo, and laísmo?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="681" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:06:59.503" Score="13" ViewCount="7090" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that the word Usted can be abbreviated at least 2 ways, the most common of which being Ud. and Vd. to my knowledge. I see how Ud. makes perfect sense, but why is a &lt;code&gt;V&lt;/code&gt; used instead of a &lt;code&gt;U&lt;/code&gt; in Vd. and Vds. ? Is one of the abbreviations more common in certain areas? I understand I should probably be consistent in which one I use in any given piece of writing, but is the choice of which one entirely up to my own personal preference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T16:04:47.027" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T16:39:23.267" Title="Why is Usted sometimes abbreviated as Vd. instead of Ud.? Is there any difference in usage between the two?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="672" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:10:39.893" Score="12" ViewCount="3231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard several countries expressed in Spanish with a definite article before the country name (e.g. &lt;em&gt;los Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la Argentina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la India&lt;/em&gt;). Is there a rule for when this occurs and when it doesn't? Is the definite article optional, or are there certain countries for which it is required? If both forms are used, which is more common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:34:29.387" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:34:29.387" Title="Article usage before country names" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="691" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:15:56.407" Score="3" ViewCount="1605" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is meant in Spanish phonology by the debuccalization of /s/ to [h]? What dialects does this phenomenon primarily occur in? In those dialects, does it take place in all cases or only in some environments?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T15:02:46.853" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T15:02:46.853" Title="Debuccalization of /s/ to [h]" Tags="&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="671" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:24:03.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Usted&quot; comes from the ancient Spanish word &quot;vusted&quot;. The latter term is no longer used but its abbreviation &quot;Vd&quot; sometimes is. It's up to you which one to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="259" LastEditorUserId="259" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T04:25:50.420" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T04:25:50.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="685" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:38:12.183" Score="10" ViewCount="4125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always struggle with the correct usage of the various ways one could say the equivalent of &lt;em&gt;I'm sorry&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Excuse me&lt;/em&gt;.  Of course there are many reasons I would say these things and I was often looking for ways to use this when bumping into people in the streets or crossing in front of a woman (call me old school). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've since discovered that other countries don't take the same view of expecting to hear these sorts of platitudes on the street but that's likely another topic completely.  Is there a quick guide for expectations for usage in various social situations and what is considered appropriate? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples would also include simple statements as in &lt;em&gt;I'm sorry, could you repeat that?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Excuse me, could you let me pass?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to provide any others that I missed!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T09:22:03.743" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T09:22:03.743" Title="¿Cuál es el uso correcto de &quot;Perdón&quot;, &quot;permiso&quot;, &quot;disculpa&quot;, ...?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="672" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:39:18.653" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The names of some places, such as &quot;El Salvador&quot;, &quot;El Cairo&quot; or &quot;La Haya&quot; always include the article (just as &quot;The Hague&quot; does in English).&#xA;For some others you can optionally add the article, the RAE lists several examples in the page about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=el&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definite article &quot;el&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(el) Afganistán, (el) África, (la) Argentina, (el) Asia, (el) Brasil, (el) Camerún, (el) Canadá, (el) Chad, (la) China, (el) Congo, (el) Ecuador, (los) Estados Unidos, (la) India, (el) Líbano, (el) Pakistán, (el) Paraguay, (el) Perú, (el) Senegal, (el) Uruguay, (el) Yemen,&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, whenever the article is optional the most common form omits it&#xA;(and in fact most of these examples sound terrible to my ears, even though they are occasionally heard).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="259" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T14:44:24.317" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T14:44:24.317" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-11-30T03:46:38.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another way to understand this is based on what sounds exist in Spanish.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Sonorants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;From Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The alveolar trill [r] and the alveolar tap [ɾ] are in phonemic contrast word-internally between vowels (as in carro 'car' vs caro 'expensive'), but are otherwise in complementary distribution. Only the trill can occur after /l/, after /n/, and after /s/ (e.g. alrededor, enriquecer, Israel), and word-initially (e.g. rey 'king'). After a plosive or fricative consonant, only the tap can occur (e.g. tres 'three', frío 'cold').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T03:46:38.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="680" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="684" CreationDate="2011-11-30T05:46:04.737" Score="14" ViewCount="6132" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many (most? all?) Spanish words containing the letter &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; come from corresponding Latin words containing the letter &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;. Through what process did /f/ get softened to /h/? During what time period did this change occur?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few examples include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; from deponent Latin verb &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt;, to speak, whose future and past are &lt;em&gt;fābor&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fābar&lt;/em&gt;. (Funny that it's famously regular in Spanish)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; from Latin &lt;em&gt;facīo, facere, fēcī, factus&lt;/em&gt;, to make or do&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; from Latin &lt;em&gt;ferīo, ferīre, ferīvī, ferītus&lt;/em&gt;, to strike, smite, slay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt; from Latin &lt;em&gt;ferrum, ferrī&lt;/em&gt;, iron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T16:24:19.573" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T09:42:28.863" Title="Latin /f/ to Spanish /h/" Tags="&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="671" CreationDate="2011-11-30T09:01:40.877" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; is a descendant of medieval Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_pronouns#The_use_of_vusted_and_vuestra_merced&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vuestra Merced&lt;/a&gt;, meaning &quot;&lt;em&gt;your mercy&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. It was an expression used to address upper classes in feudal Spain and evolved to be the general form of respectful address in the language in the seventeenth century or later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The letters &quot;u&quot; and &quot;v&quot; — like the letters &quot;i&quot; and &quot;j&quot; — were written the same in Latin. The choice of consonant or vowel form was usually inferred by experience and context. Modern &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;v&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (link) and &quot;u&quot; diverged by the sixteenth century, after &quot;vuestra merced&quot; was in place and only shortly before &quot;usted&quot; became popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, the &quot;Vd.&quot; and &quot;Ud.&quot; abbreviations both remained common and still are today. &quot;Vd.&quot; has a certain old-timey style I personally enjoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="137" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T16:39:23.267" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T16:39:23.267" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="670" CreationDate="2011-11-30T09:12:26.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can certainly find more in those links that Belisarius posted under your question, and probably in many other sites, but I'd like to give a quick explanation so you start understanding what they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the function of &lt;strong&gt;Indirect Object&lt;/strong&gt;, in Spanish you should use &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;les&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A María le he dado un libro.&lt;/em&gt; (I gave Maria a book.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the function of &lt;strong&gt;Direct Object&lt;/strong&gt;, you should use &amp;quot;lo/los&amp;quot; for masculine, &amp;quot;la/las&amp;quot; for feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los encontré ayer.&lt;/em&gt; (I met them yesterday.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this introduction, you can see that these phenomena consist in &amp;quot;exceptions&amp;quot; to the rules listed abpve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leísmo&lt;/strong&gt;: This term refers to the usage of &amp;quot;le/les&amp;quot; for the function of Direct Object. The Real Academia Española accepts the &amp;quot;leísmo&amp;quot; when it appears behind the impersonal &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; or when it's referred to singular masculine, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Juan le vi ayer.&lt;/em&gt; (I saw Juan yesterday.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Laísmo&lt;/strong&gt;: This one refers to the usage of &amp;quot;la/las&amp;quot; for the function of Indirect Object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La dije que viniera.&lt;/em&gt; (I told her to come.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loísmo&lt;/strong&gt;: This is less frequent, and it consists of the usage of &amp;quot;lo/los&amp;quot; for the function of Indirect Object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo entregué la carta a Luis.&lt;/em&gt; (I sent the letter to Luis.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T09:12:26.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="670" CreationDate="2011-11-30T10:10:00.987" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy de Madrid y tengo laísmo, leísmo y loísmo cuando hablo, pero si lo pienso (al escribir) suelo darme cuenta y lo corrijo. El laísmo, leísmo y loísmo está tan arraigado en Castilla que yo no me enteré que era laísta, leísta y loísta hasta que tuve 20 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Correcto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objeto directo masculino o neutro: siempre &quot;lo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objeto directo femenino: siempre &quot;la&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objeto indirecto: siempre &quot;le&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Madrid, Castilla-León, y algunas otras zonas próximas nos equivocamos pues usamos otras reglas diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incorrecto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre que reemplaza una palabra en femenino, siempre usamos &quot;la&quot;. Acertamos cuando es objeto directo y cometemos laísmo cuando es objeto indirecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre que reemplaza a una palabra neutra o a una cosa masculina (camino, libro, etc) siempre usamos &quot;lo&quot;. Acertamos cuando es objeto directo y cometemos loísmo cuando es objeto indirecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre que reemplaza a un ser vivo masculina, siempre usamos &quot;le&quot;. Acertamos cuando es objeto indirecto y cometemos leísmo cuando es objeto directo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formas alternativas permitidas por la RAE&lt;/strong&gt; que también usamos en Madrid, Castilla-León y zonas próximas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre que reemplaza a un HOMBRE (persona del sexo masculino). En Castilla SIEMPRE usamos &quot;le&quot;, acertamos cuando es indirecto y la RAE acepta que lo usemos cuando es objeto directo. «Yo maté al gato» y «Yo maté a José», lo correcto es decir «yo lo maté», pero en Castilla y Madrid diferenciamos «yo lo maté» (al gato) y «yo le maté» (a José) y la RAE nos lo permite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de laísmo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo dije hola a mi madre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correcto: «yo le dije hola» pues &quot;le&quot; reemplaza al objeto indirecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrecto: «yo la dije hola» basándonos erróneamente en que mi madre es una mujer. El pronombre reemplaza al objeto indirecto y por ello lo correcto es &quot;le&quot; siendo irrelevante si es masculino o femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de leísmo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pegué con pegamento el adhesivo de Superman en la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correcto: «yo lo pegué en la puerta» pues &quot;lo&quot; reemplaza al objeto directo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrecto: «yo le pegué en la puerta»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de uso permitido por la RAE del &quot;le&quot; como objeto directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pegué con pegamento a Superman en la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correcto: «yo lo pegué en la puerta» pues &quot;lo&quot; reemplaza al objeto directo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Permitido: «yo le pegué en la puerta» pues &quot;le&quot; reemplaza a un varón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de loísmo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pegué un puñetazo a Superman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correcto: «yo le pegué» pues &quot;le&quot; reemplaza al objeto indirecto (a Superman).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrecto: «yo lo pegué»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, observa que ciertas expresiones como «yo lo pegué» o «yo la dije» cambian se significado dependiendo de si quien lo oye es loísta/laísta o no. Cuando decimos «yo lo pegué», lo correcto es entender que algo fue pegado con pegamento mientras que un loísta entenderá que alguien fue golpeado. Y cuando decimos «yo la dije», lo correcto es entender que algo (una palabra) fue dicha mientras que un laísta entenderá que yo dije algo a una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="193" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T21:21:10.353" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T21:21:10.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="680" CreationDate="2011-11-30T11:39:51.770" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that transformation only exists when the /h/ or /f/ is the first letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This transformation is related (in theory) to the pre-Romance languages; this case is attributed to euskara substrat that also influences de aspirated /h/ in the Gascon language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Historia del español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where we found: &lt;em&gt;la desaparición de f- inicial en muchas palabras que en latín llevaban este sonido, y, supuestamente, el llamado betacismo, debidos, probablemente, a la influencia del vascuence o del íbero (nótese que la aspiración de /h/ también se da en idioma gascón que habría tenido igualmente un substrato vasco).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The disappearance of initial &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; in many words that in Latin have this sound, and, presumably, the so-called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betacism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;betacism&lt;/a&gt;, is probably caused by the influence of Basque or Iberian (note that the aspiration of /h/ is also found in the Gascon dialect that would have had the same Basque substrate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_romances&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lenguas romances&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WHere we found: &lt;em&gt;Igualmente algunos estudiosos consideran que un idioma que sirvió de sustrato para las lenguas ibero-romanas fue el vasco, que posiblemente aportó al cambio /f/ al /h/ al inicio de las palabras en español (el latín farina se convirtió en “harina”), y palabras como “izquierda” (vasco ezkerra).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some scholars believe that one language that served as a substrate for Ibero-Romance language was Basque, which possibly contributed to the change from /f/ to /h/ at the beginning of words in Spanish (Latin &lt;em&gt;farina&lt;/em&gt; became &quot;harina&quot;), and words like &quot;izquierda&quot; (Basque &lt;em&gt;ezkerra&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T20:31:04.097" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T20:31:04.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="675" CreationDate="2011-11-30T13:01:01.277" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Perdón&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Disculpa&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;pemitir&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;permiso&amp;quot; son indiferentes en frases de cortesía. Y sus matices son tan sutiles que incluso pasan desapercibidos para muchos hispanohablantes. Pero como uso general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Perdón&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Disculpa&amp;quot; son equivalentes para pedir perdón por acciones pasadas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón / disculpame / disculpeme por haber llegado tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Permitir&amp;quot; (pero no &amp;quot;permiso&amp;quot;) y &amp;quot;Disculpar&amp;quot; son equivalentes para pedir perdón por anticipado para acciones futuras que rayan en la descortesía (al decir palabras corteses evitas parecer descortés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Alguien habla sin parar) Porque esto, porque lo otro, y entonces [...] blablabla [...] y además ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(y tú le interrumpes) Permítame/discúlpeme un momento. [pausa para reclamar su atención] Usted dice que hace sol pero hoy está nublado y ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I'm sorry, could you repeat that?&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Excuse me, could you let me pass?&amp;quot; and similar expressions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento [por no haber entendido hace unos segundos]. ¿Podría repetirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe [por la interrupción que estoy haciendo ahora mismo]. ¿Podría repetirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón [por haberte molestado ahora mismo]. ¿Podría dejarme pasar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excúseme/permítame [por lo que te voy a pedir a continuación] ¿Podría dejarme pasar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, son matices que prácticamente nadie da alguna importancia y por lo tanto todas ellas son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;permiso&amp;quot; significa licencia o autorización [tengo permiso -vacaciones- este fin de semana]. Y en cortesía suele ir solo [permiso] o precedido de &amp;quot;con&amp;quot; [con permiso]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambientes de subordinación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Permiso para hablar, mi capitán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Permiso concedido, soldado. ¡Dígame qué desea!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambientes menos formales dices &amp;quot;Permiso&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Con permiso&amp;quot; y entras o sales de la habitación (o usas o haces algo) sin esperar respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambientes impersonales. Por ejemplo quieres abrirte paso entre una multitud de personas, y mientras vas diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón ... con permiso ... discúlpeme ... permiso ... lo siento ... ¿Me permite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T14:31:52.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="687" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:27:46.713" Score="4" ViewCount="4606" Body="&lt;p&gt;To ask somebody about their interests in Spanish I understand you should say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te interesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it ever be appropriate to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te interesan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As if I was to ask such a general question in English I would usually expect multiple interests to be listed not just one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user261" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T19:52:16.830" Title="&quot;¿Qué te interesa?&quot; or &quot;¿Qué te interesan?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:40:54.307" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second question is not grammatically correct, the verb is plural and the subject singular. To ask someone about their interests the correct question would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son tus intereses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T14:44:48.747" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T14:44:48.747" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:41:34.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te interesan?&lt;/em&gt; is a valid question if you meant to ask &quot;&lt;em&gt;What are your interests?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd rather say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Cuáles son tus intereses?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T14:41:34.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:41:43.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The good way to say this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te interesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesan is used in other contexts, e.g.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo cuatro gatitos y nosé qué hacer con ellos. ¿Te interesan [Interesan is making reference to the kittens!]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to say this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son tus intereses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T14:41:43.600" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:59:47.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;What interests you?&quot;, use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te interesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to say &quot;What are your interests?&quot;, use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son tus intereses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in English there is the distinction.  It depends on what you are trying to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T14:59:47.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="673" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:07:05.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debuccalization&lt;/em&gt; is a sound change that consists in a consonant losing its original &lt;em&gt;place of articulation&lt;/em&gt; becoming [h] o [ʔ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying &lt;em&gt;place of articulation&lt;/em&gt;, we mean one of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;1. Exo-labial, 2. Endo-labial, 3. Dental, 4. Alveolar, 5. Post-alveolar, 6. Pre-palatal, 7. Palatal, 8. Velar, 9. Uvular, 10. Pharyngeal, 11. Glottal, 12. Epiglottal, 13. Radical, 14. Postero-dorsal, 15. Antero-dorsal, 16. Laminal, 17. Apical, 18. Sub-apical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To see what and where are these &amp;quot;places&amp;quot;, check &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Places_of_articulation.svg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this scheme on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;; (the numbers on this list correspond to the numbers in that scheme.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most places of South America (except Mexico, guatemalan plateau, Costa Rica, andean Venezuela, Quito and ecuadorian plateau&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, bolivian plateau and Bogotà) and in half of the southern Spain, the &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; in the last position of a syllable is an aspirated (a voiceless glottal fricative, /h/, that is, debuccalization) or sometimes not pronounced at all in some variants of the current language. For example, see the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos los cisnes son blancos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It can be pronounced as&lt;/strong&gt; [todɔh lɔh sihnɛh sɔm blankɔh] &lt;strong&gt;or as&lt;/strong&gt; [todɔ lɔ sinɛ sɔm blankɔ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Standard Spanish pronunciation&lt;/strong&gt;: [ˈto̞ðo̞z lo̞s ˈθizne̞s sõ̞m ˈblãŋko̞s]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the eastern Andalusia and in the Murcia region, the distinction between syllables with &lt;em&gt;silent s&lt;/em&gt; and those originally without &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; has been preserved in the pronunciation of syllables ending in &lt;em&gt;s with open vowels&lt;/em&gt; (that is, the contrast between open and closed syllable turned into a tense/lax vowel contrast. This typically affects the vowels /a/, /e/ and /o/, but in some areas even /i/ and /u/ have, in effect, a double set of phonemes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetti_spagnoli#Varianti_di_.2Fs.2F_e_debuccalizzazione_della_coda_.2Fs.2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;italian&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Debuccalization_of_coda_.2Fs.2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;english&lt;/a&gt; wikipedia page.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;strong&gt;plateau&lt;/strong&gt;: upland, mesa.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T15:07:05.540" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="693" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:13:59.850" Score="6" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English these names are used as a substitute for the average guy. Or as a specimen when filling out a passport form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What names/expressions are used in Spanish for this purpose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T16:43:26.150" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T16:43:26.150" Title="Counterpart of &quot;John Doe, Joe Public&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="692" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:26:44.910" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's depends on the use and, as far as I know, there is no official denomination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On graves: &lt;em&gt;Desconocido/a + number&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Indocumentado/a + number&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Official forms/documents: They usually use a common name + common    surnames something like &lt;em&gt;María García García&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;José Pérez García&lt;/em&gt; or    even &lt;em&gt;Nombre: Nombre Apellidos: Apellido Apellido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surnames for un-recognized children (in Spain and out of use):    &lt;em&gt;Expósito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While talking (informal): &lt;em&gt;Fulano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Zutano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;El fulano/tío ese de ahí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;El otro día Fulano y Zutano...&lt;/em&gt; (used if you want to talk about the events without saying who did or said what). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as said in comments, &lt;em&gt;Mengano&lt;/em&gt; and the diminutive forms &lt;em&gt;fulanito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;menganito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zutanito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-11-30T16:49:48.093" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T16:49:48.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="696" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:30:22.093" Score="28" ViewCount="19133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Admittedly, it has been a &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; long time since I've studied Spanish, but I distinctly recall that we always used &quot;¿Que hora es?&quot; for &quot;what time is it?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, on a trip to the Dominican Republic, I asked our tour guide &quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;, and he corrected me, saying &quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot; is the internationally recognized proper grammar.  He mentioned that he was training to be a multilingual instructor of Spanish, English, and German, and that his phrasing was authoritatively correct per his training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find the phrasing of that strange, not only because I was taught the other way.  My literal translation of that seems to be &quot;what hours are they?&quot;.  The tour guide's explanation was that the hours of the day are plural, and therefore using the singular is incorrect.  However, to my mind the &quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot; form is asking &quot;what &lt;em&gt;hour&lt;/em&gt; is it?&quot;, as in &quot;it is the 5th hour&quot;, which makes more sense to me than &quot;there are 5 hours&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is one phrase correct and the other incorrect, or are both acceptable?  Also, is my understanding of the translations correct (i.e. &quot;what hour is it&quot; vs. &quot;what hours are they&quot;)?  If &quot;what hours are there&quot; is the correct translation, why is &quot;qué&quot; used instead of &quot;cuántas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="262" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T15:59:23.250" LastActivityDate="2020-04-03T23:46:36.367" Title="Is &quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot; or &quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot; preferred?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="694" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:56:35.973" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España tú tienes razón en todo, ignoro lo que ocurra en otros lados. Aquí jamás oí «¿Qué horas son?» salvo en casos muy especiales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1º Preguntar lo que marca el reloj en ese momento (siempre en singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«What time is it?» = «¿Qué hora es?»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2º Como sinónimo de «How many hours are from 9 am to 8 pm?» (en plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo despierto desde ayer sábado por la mañana ¿Cuántas horas son? ¿Qué horas son?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3º Pero el plural sí se usa para hacer preguntas retóricas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Eh, tú! ¿Qué horas son? Nosotros ya hemos cenado ¿Qué horas son estas de llegar a casa? ¿Te parece bonito tener preocupada a tu madre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D. Laura me apunta un enlace a &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hora2&amp;amp;lema=hora2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la página sobre el término &quot;hora&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, donde viene que lo correcto es el singular, y que en plural se admite (aunque menos recomendado) y solo se usa en algunos sitios de América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-01-19T15:11:40.260" LastActivityDate="2020-01-19T15:11:40.260" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="697" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-30T17:02:20.833" Score="12" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;In German,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;das gleiche&lt;/em&gt; refers to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We both read &lt;strong&gt;the same&lt;/strong&gt; (das gleiche)  book (everyone has its own, but they look exactly the same)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;while &lt;em&gt;das selbe&lt;/em&gt; refers to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We both read the same book (one book, e.g. sharing, borrowing your book from / lending your book to your friend, the same object)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this differentiation exist in Spanish in contrast to English? I only found &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which is translated as &lt;em&gt;das selbe/gleiche&lt;/em&gt; in my dictionary. Are there other adjectives that differ between the same object/same kind of object? Or what is the shortest way in Spanish to express this connotation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="19375" LastEditDate="2020-07-13T09:26:13.183" LastActivityDate="2020-07-13T09:26:13.183" Title="Adjectives for &quot;same thing&quot; vs. &quot;same kind of thing&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="699" CreationDate="2011-11-30T17:49:15.713" Score="5" ViewCount="2010" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have sometimes run into cases where I want to translate the name of a medication into Spanish, but can't find the specific medicine name in a dictionary (e.g. amoxicillin, acetaminophen). This is one area in language learning where you probably don't want to guess at what you think is the translation!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any patterns for translating technical medicine names from English to Spanish? If not, are there any resources (printed or online) for finding the accurate translations of medications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T19:29:37.867" Title="Translating medicine names to Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="698" CreationDate="2011-11-30T18:11:29.043" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vademecum.es/&quot; title=&quot;Vademecum&quot;&gt;Vademecum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched the two substances on your example and it located both (more or less).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for patterns of translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;· -in --&gt; -ina (amoxicilin = amoxicilina)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;· ph --&gt; f     (acetaminophen = acetaminofén)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;· -ol --&gt; -ol  (metamizol = metamizol)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;· -ic --&gt; -ico  (phosphoric acid --&gt; ácido fosfórico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;· -at --&gt; -ato (sulphat = sulfato)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. all the chemical elements in spanish end in -o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per comments: Except Inert gases except Helium = Helio and some elements that conserve their classical name like Plata, Flúor, Azufre, Cobre, Cinc, Níquel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T08:41:42.143" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T08:41:42.143" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="692" CreationDate="2011-11-30T19:46:39.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A formal equivalent of &lt;em&gt;John Doe&lt;/em&gt; (e.g. legal matters) in Spanish is &lt;strong&gt;N.N.&lt;/strong&gt;, derived from the Latin &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen_nescio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nomen nescio&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Fulano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Perano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Zutano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Mengano&lt;/em&gt;, etc are used informally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T20:15:12.897" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T20:15:12.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-11-30T19:52:16.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to other answers: Another possible way of making the second question correct, would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué cosas te interesan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T19:52:16.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="697" CreationDate="2011-11-30T20:22:33.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly the differentiation, &lt;em&gt;das gleiche&lt;/em&gt; would refer to things that belong to the same genre, or that are equal in some respect, while &lt;em&gt;das selbe&lt;/em&gt; points to true identity (same individual). I don't think there is a word, not even a well stablished expression, to convey this (important) nuance in Spanish: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=mismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (determinate) (or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; - undeterminate) is used both for identity or for equality. The adjective &quot;&lt;strong&gt;idéntico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; doesn't help, either; it doesn't  implies individual identity (rather on the contrary, I'd say: it normally emphasizes a great similarity.. between two different individuals). So, the expression &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella y yo leímos el mismo libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is hopelessly ambiguous. If I'd want to clarify that I'm not meaning just the same novel, but the same book, materially speaking... I'd say so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella y yo leímos el mismo libro, materialmente hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T20:22:33.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="697" CreationDate="2011-11-30T20:28:14.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no such distinction in the Spanish language, where to achieve the difference in concept present in German (&lt;em&gt;gleich / selbst&lt;/em&gt;) you must use other means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dealing with books you can state de difference between &lt;code&gt;libro&lt;/code&gt; (the phisical copy) and &lt;code&gt;obra&lt;/code&gt; (what is actually read at last):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leímos el mismo libro&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; (possible ambiguity)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Leímos la misma obra.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; (a bit more clear)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T17:54:07.350" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T17:54:07.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="705" CreationDate="2011-11-30T20:40:35.680" Score="6" ViewCount="3117" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La característica más difícil del idioma inglés (al menos en mi caso particular) son los &quot;&lt;em&gt;Phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy me encontré una oración en un periódico que me hizo pensar sobre la existencia de &lt;em&gt;Phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt; también en español. Si comparamos las dos oraciones siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Facebook &lt;strong&gt;saldrá a&lt;/strong&gt; la bolsa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Facebook &lt;strong&gt;saldrá de&lt;/strong&gt; la bolsa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se tienen significados distintos, a pesar del hecho de que se usa el mismo verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es materia de investigación en la lengua española una característica como ésta, denominable &quot;Verbos con preposición en español&quot;? O, al menos, ¿es un tema de estudio utilizado para enseñar español a hablantes de inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most difficult feature of English language  (at least for myself) are &quot;Phrasal verbs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today I stumbled upon one sentence from a newspaper that made think about Phrasal verbs in Spanish. If we compare these two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Facebook &lt;strong&gt;saldrá a&lt;/strong&gt; la bolsa&lt;/em&gt;.  (it will get into the stock market).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Facebook &lt;strong&gt;saldrá de&lt;/strong&gt; la bolsa&lt;/em&gt;. (it will get out the stock market).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we get different meanings, despite the fact the same verb is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is such a feature called &quot;Spanish phrasal verbs&quot; a matter of research within Spanish language, or at least a topic used when teaching Spanish to English speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-11T16:19:39.683" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T06:13:55.563" Title="Spanish phrasal verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="704" CreationDate="2011-11-30T21:15:08.357" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;The examples you wrote about are not phrasal verbs. I don't think there is such a thing as phrasal verbs in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are verbs that sometimes change their meaning totally. For example, the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;to take&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means that you grab something with your hands and you lift it up (an example). The verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;to take after&lt;/em&gt;&quot; doesn't mean that you grab later, or at least not as you might intend it literally. It means &quot;&lt;em&gt;to resemble (a parent or ancestor)&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, such as in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You took after your mother.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb you used in your examples, &quot;&lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is just a verb plus prepositions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some expressions that might be considered &quot;phrasal verbs&quot;, like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tener que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; that means &quot;to have to&quot;, but that instead are called &lt;strong&gt;perífrasis verbales&lt;/strong&gt; are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;list element&quot; &lt;strong&gt;+ Infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ir a, pensar, tratar de, venir a, darle (a uno) por, echar(se) a, empezar (comenzar – &lt;em&gt;más formal&lt;/em&gt;) a, estar a punto de, meterse a, ponerse a, romper a, acabar de, acabar por, dejar de, llegar a, deber, haber (3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; person) + que, haber de, tener que, deber de, volver al, estar para, estar por, pasar a, quedar en.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;em&gt;Estoy por irme&lt;/em&gt; (estar por + ir)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;list element&quot; &lt;strong&gt;+ verb in -ing form&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;andar, estar, ir, llevar, quedarse, seguir, continuar, venir, verse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Sigo escuchando esa canción.&lt;/em&gt; (seguir + escuchar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;list element&quot; &lt;strong&gt;+ past participle&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;andar, dar por, dejar, estar, ir, venir, llevar, quedar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Llevamos explicadas 10 lecciones.&lt;/em&gt; (llevar + explicar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T11:02:54.377" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T11:02:54.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="708" CreationDate="2011-11-30T22:16:07.753" Score="11" ViewCount="9919" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is (or are?) the suggested abbreviation(s) for the United States of America in Spanish?  I've seen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;E.E.U.U.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EE.UU.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EEUU&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EUA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;USA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And only the last two actually makes any sense to me!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T20:40:57.987" Title="Spanish abbreviation for the United States of America" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="706" CreationDate="2011-11-30T23:02:29.457" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish there is a rule for plurals of nouns that involve countries or organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means that when the word is plural there must be a double initial or a repetition of itself. This means the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estados unidos = EEUU&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EE = Estados, E = Estado (same with UU)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.E.U.U. is incorrect because it gives the interpretation that the name is a four worded noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct forms are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EE.UU. (Estados (EE) Unidos (UU) )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EEUU   (Estados Unidos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The initials in english (USA) are not accepted in reference to the US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule of the Double initial follows the overall rules of writing of abbreviations in spanish:  (According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rinconcastellano.com/gramatica/abreviaturas.html#&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rincón Castellano&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plural de las abreviaturas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según sea su método de obtención, las abreviaturas forman el plural de los modos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Si se obtuvieron por truncamiento, se añade una -s final: págs. por&#xA;páginas. Constituye una excepción el plural de las abreviaturas cent.&#xA;(centavo, centésimo) y cént. (céntimo), que es cts. y no *cents. ni&#xA;*cénts. En caso de truncamiento máximo, esto es, en abreviaturas formadas por una sola letra, el plural se expresa duplicando dicha&#xA;letra: ss. por siguientes, vv. por versos, FF. AA. por Fuerzas&#xA;Armadas, EE. UU. por Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Si se obtuvieron por contracción, se aplican las reglas generales&#xA;de formación del plural, ya que la abreviatura mantiene las últimas&#xA;letras de la palabra abreviada. De este modo, se añade al final de la&#xA;abreviatura la marca de plural que corresponda según su terminación:&#xA;-s para las terminadas en vocal y -es para las terminadas en consonante: dptos. o deptos. por departamentos, admones. por&#xA;administraciones. Como excepción, Vd. y Ud. (usted) forman su plural&#xA;en -s: Vds., Uds. (ustedes). También constituye una excepción el&#xA;plural de la abreviatura pta., que es pts. (pesetas), aunque se usa&#xA;frecuentemente la forma regular ptas. El plural de las abreviaturas&#xA;con letras voladas debe representarse con este mismo tipo de letras:&#xA;n.os por números, af.mos por afectísimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here are the rules for plurals of initials: (According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rinconcastellano.com/gramatica/siglas.html#&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rincón del Castellano.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plural de las siglas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque las siglas pueden pluralizarse en la pronunciación ([oenejés] =&#xA;'organizaciones no gubernamentales'), en la escritura, el plural de&#xA;las siglas es invariable, no modifican su forma cuando designan un&#xA;referente múltiple sino que la indicación de pluralidad se hace&#xA;mediante las palabras que las introducen: unas ONG, los ISBN, dos PC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello es recomendable en la escritura introducir siempre la sigla&#xA;plural con un determinante: Representantes de [algunas, varias] ONG se&#xA;reunieron en Madrid. Debe evitarse el uso, tomado del inglés, de&#xA;realizar el plural de las siglas añadiendo una s minúscula, precedida&#xA;o no de apóstrofo: *PC' s, * ONGs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule that applies here is the plural for abbreviations since EEUU is an abbreviation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now EUA is not permitted and not widely understood in the Hispanic world. EEUU and EE.UU. is more common than the other forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EEUUA is acceptable and as per comments not widely used. I for one have never seen it, and I have lived in Colombia and Ecuador. I don't know about Mexico or Argentina. In Spain they use EE.UU.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=abreviatura&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T20:40:57.987" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="710" CreationDate="2011-12-01T00:00:36.783" Score="6" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;When talking about grandparents, you can add &quot;materno(a)/paterno(a)&quot; to refer to a specific one. Example: &lt;em&gt;abuelo paterno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to refer to a particular &quot;bisabuelo(a)&quot; (great-grandparent)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T21:15:18.943" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T17:21:27.590" Title="Referring to a specific &quot;bisabuelo(a)&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="709" CreationDate="2011-12-01T00:33:33.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a standard way. One way I've heard is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El abuelo paterno de la madre de Juan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="265" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T17:21:27.590" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T17:21:27.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="706" CreationDate="2011-12-01T00:38:34.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I see it, there is only but one single Spanish speaking country who shares a border with the U.S. and that is Mexico. Just like Americans abbreviate our country with U.S. for short Mexico by the same turn has taken it's cue from Americans and abbreviated the U.S. as E.U., Estados Unidos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are feeling bent out of shape because the word America is left out, then just think about the fact that there is North America, Central America, and also South America. Those three afore-mentioned comprise The afore-mentioned three are known as simply &quot;The Americas&quot; and do not distinguish U.S.A. as the only &quot;America&quot; in the world! Think how offended either South America or Central America feel about thinking USA has exclusive rights to the word America, in fact, in order of habitation, the E.U. is last in line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;South and Central have a longer track record in terms of inhabitants. Therefore, in being heir to all, coming from a Native/America/Mexican/American/Scottish/American, E.U. is the proper term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T08:40:18.417" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T08:40:18.417" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="662" CreationDate="2011-12-01T01:43:57.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For light rain 'chispeando' (from 'chispa' = spark) can be used, altho I think it's probably more slang than an actual word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="274" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T01:43:57.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-12-01T02:04:31.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some informal ways to use it are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear that you just got back from your vacation. =&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Oí&lt;/strong&gt; que acabas de regresar de vacaciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear that it rained all last week in Seattle. =&gt; ¿&lt;strong&gt;Que&lt;/strong&gt; llovió toda la semana en Seattle? (note that it's not a literal translation, and asked as a question instead a statement)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hear you got an A on your history final. =&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Supe que&lt;/strong&gt; sacaste un ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So I hear you finally got a job. =&gt; Me dijo un pajarito que ... (this is more like the equivalent to 'A little birdie told me...')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="274" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T02:04:31.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="629" CreationDate="2011-12-01T02:49:34.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The biggest problem in translating Spanish to English is that the two languages are too dissimilar to always make use of direct translations, so I will try to explain the heartfelt meaning of the translations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeños amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This song is about a mature man with sexual experience attempting to ensnare a young virgin (sounds a lot like the old Rod Stewart song). It is a song of passion and what it is like for a girl coming of age facing the temptations of feeling the passions of LOVE for the first time, and at the hands of an experienced romantic. You know what they say about Latin lovers and how passionate we are. This song exemplifies what it is really like.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; I have also translated the entire song for those who have not heard the song and are wondering what this answer is all about. I feel you really have to hear or see the song in its entirety in order to understand, so I will first put it down in Spanish first, then in English so as to gain the full meaning. One more thing, online translation services fail to capture the true translation. The word &lt;em&gt;luz&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;inner light&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;ïnner self&lt;/em&gt; and in this case means something deeper than just the &lt;em&gt;self&lt;/em&gt;. Here goes:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PEQUEÑO AMOR&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Crece, busca, juega, gana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tengo miedo de perderte,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sin tus besos no soy nada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llora, vive, sueña, alcanza.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te regalo nuestra estrella,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y me visto con tus alas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeños amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor quiero aprender,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  junto a tus ojos verme mujer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor, verme mujer  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor quiero ser&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el que te enseñe a ser mujer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El que te enseñe a ser mujer  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mira, toca, espera, llega&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  hasta mi con tu locura,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo te atrapo en mi ternura.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Libre, vuela, ama, reina,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de mi mundo eres el sol,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de tu mundo soy tu amor.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeños amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor quiero aprender,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  junto a tus ojos verme mujer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor, verme mujer  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por siempre tu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pequeño amor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dame tu luz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pequeño amor quiero ser&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el que te enseñe a ser mujer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El que te enseñe a ser mujer  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the translated song in the context of its full meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grow up, looks, plays, wins.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I have fear of losing you,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  without your kisses I am nothing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cry, live, dream, reach.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  We present our star,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  and I have seen with your wings.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(chorus)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love I want to learn,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  together, eye to eye, see me woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love, see me woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love I want to be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the one to teach you how to be a woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  THE ONE to teach you how to be a woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grow up, looks, plays, wins.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I have fear of losing you,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  without your kisses I am nothing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cry, live, dream, reach.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I present to you our star,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  and I have seen with your wings.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(chorus)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love I want to learn,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  together, eye to eye, see me woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Small love, see me woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love I want to be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the one to teach you how to be a woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  THE ONE to teach you how to be a woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;see, touch, wait, come&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  to me with your madness,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I will ensnare you in my tenderness.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Free, fly, love, queen,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  of my world, you are the sun,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  of your world, I am your Love.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love I want to be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the one to teach you how to be a woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  THE ONE to teach you how to be a woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Small love&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you forever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love,&#xA;  give me your light.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Little love I want to be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the one to teach you how to be a woman,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  THE ONE to teach you how to be a woman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I will show you how an online translation service interprets the song. so you will see just how the true meaning is really lost in translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grow up, looks, plays, wins. I have fear of losing you, without your kisses I am nothing. Cry, live, dream, reach. We present our star, and I have seen with your wings. Small love you forever. Little love, give me your light. I love learning little, with your eyes see me Little women love Little Women love me, forever you. little love, give me your light. I want to be little love to teach you to be a woman who teaches a woman you see, touch, wait, come to me with your madness, I caught in my tenderness. Free, fly, love, queen of my world are the sun, your world I'm your love. Small love you forever. Little love, give me your light. I love learning little, with your eyes see me Little women love Little Women love me, forever you. little love, give me your light. I want to be little love to teach you to be a woman who teaches you to be a woman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOW, don't you agree, you can't really grasp an exact meaning, as an exact translation ruins the true meaning of the words, and so can ruin a song as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T08:41:50.630" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T08:41:50.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="694" CreationDate="2011-12-01T14:44:06.397" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is more usual, and sounds to me slightly better than the other one.  The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=hora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pregunta que corresponde a la indicación de la hora se formula, en&#xA;  la lengua general culta, en singular: &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/strong&gt; (en ella, la&#xA;  palabra hora tiene el sentido genérico de ‘momento del día’). Su&#xA;  formulación en plural (&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué horas son?&lt;/strong&gt;) es admisible, aunque menos&#xA;  recomendable, y se da con cierta frecuencia en algunos países de&#xA;  América, especialmente en el nivel popular: «—¿Qué horas son, compa?&#xA;  —Van a dar las cinco» (Campos Carne [Méx. 1982]). Solo es normal el&#xA;  plural en la frase hecha de intención reprobatoria ¿qué horas son&#xA;  estas?: «¿Cómo que qué horas son estas de llamar? ¡Pero si ha sido&#xA;  usted quien...!» (GaMay Operación [Esp. 1991]). En la respuesta, el&#xA;  verbo va en singular si se trata de la una (Es la una y diez) y en&#xA;  plural en el resto de los casos (Son las diez y media; Son las dos&#xA;  menos cuarto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T23:32:54.770" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T23:32:54.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="694" CreationDate="2011-12-01T18:04:08.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Monterrey, Mexico and I've always heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say ¿Qué horas son? to people you know (friends or coworkers) sometimes they will mock and tell you: ¿Corazón? (¿Dear?), notice the &lt;strong&gt;orazon&lt;/strong&gt; from Corazon and &lt;strong&gt;horas son&lt;/strong&gt; from ¿Que horas son?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So obviously the preferred way is the former.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway as already stated in other answers it's very common to say:&#xA;&quot;¿Que horas son estas de llegar?&quot; when you want to express that you didn't come at the expected hour and it's too late.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2011-12-02T17:21:50.187" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T17:21:50.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="720" CreationDate="2011-12-01T18:58:14.667" Score="6" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that a comma must be used this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One (of many other uses) is when you want to enumerate a list of items you have to use the comma and before the last element of the list the comma must not be used instead a &quot;y/o&quot; is used. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al examen tengo que llevar lápiz, pluma y borrador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I've seen in books other uses of the comma where the comma is used just before the &quot;y&quot;. So in which cases is allowed to use it that way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T16:03:49.860" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T16:03:49.860" Title="Why is a comma used before a &quot;y&quot; in some cases?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="719" CreationDate="2011-12-01T19:13:46.320" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, no se debe hacer uso de la coma para separar elementos gramaticales cuando media alguna de las conjunciones &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;, salvo en los siguientes casos (el siguiente texto es tomado de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se coloca una coma delante de la conjunción cuando la secuencia que encabeza expresa un contenido (consecutivo, de tiempo, etc.) distinto al elemento o elementos anteriores. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pintaron las paredes de la habitación, cambiaron la disposición de los&#xA;  muebles, y quedaron encantados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También cuando esa conjunción está destinada a enlazar con toda la proposición anterior, y no con el último de sus miembros. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pagó el traje, el boloso y los zapatos, y salió de la tienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre será recomendable su empleo, por último, cuando el período sea especialmente largo. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los instrumentos de precisión comenzaron a perder su exactitud a causa de la tormenta, y resultaron inútiles al poco tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una relación cuyos elementos están separados por punto y coma, el último elemento, ante el que aparece la conjunción copulativa, va precedido de coma o punto y coma. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el armario colocó la vajilla; en el cajón, los cubiertos; en los estantes, los vasos, y los alimentos, en la despensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T19:20:22.827" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T19:20:22.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="719" CreationDate="2011-12-01T19:18:47.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are certain rules as the usage of the comma. All is mentioned in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=coma2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the relevant rules that are mentioned in the rae are the following. You use the comma after a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y, e, ni, o, u,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; this is used with copulative and disyuntive conjunctions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A comma must be written before the conjunction when the sequence links the previous predicate. And not with the last of its coordinated members.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pagó el traje, el bolso y los zapatos, y salió de la tienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé si ir de vacaciones a Francia o Italia, o quedarme en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When two grammatically equivalent elements are linked inside the same statement if the last one of them is semantically heterogeneous in respect of the previous ones. (i.e. It doesn't introduce a element belonging to the same series or enumeration) To indicare normally a conclusion or a consecuence, it is written after the conjunction:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pintaron las paredes de la habitación, cambiaron la disposición de los muebles, pusieron alfombras nuevas, y quedaron encantados con el resultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the conjunction has an adversative value (equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt;) can go preceded by a comma:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le aconsejé que no comprara esa casa, y no hizo caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A comma has to be written before or after any of these conjunctions if immediatly before or after there is an interjection or any other element that has to be isolated by commas from the rest of the statement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi abuelo, que era un gran aficionado a la poesía, y el maestro del pueblo fundaron una revista literaria; Puedes venir con nosotros o, por el contrario, quedarte en casa todo el día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it is very important to follow these rules because it can change the meaning of the phrase radically. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he vestido, como me indicaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Me indicaron que me vistiera)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he vestido como me indicaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Me indicaron cómo debía vestirme)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras hizo lo que debía y todo salió bien, no hubo problemas;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras, hizo lo que debía y todo salió bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T19:18:47.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="724" CreationDate="2011-12-01T19:41:26.343" Score="14" ViewCount="2163" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dada la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt;) costado tanto recordarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se ve que la primera aparición de &lt;em&gt;hubieran&lt;/em&gt; está bien utilizada, pero a veces la segunda no es tan fácil de elegir en vez de &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la elección más usada, o al menos la más &quot;entendible&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt;) costado tanto recordarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we see that the first use of &lt;em&gt;hubieran&lt;/em&gt; is well used, but the second one is sometimes difficult to choose instead &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the most used choice, or at least the most &quot;understandable&quot; one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:17:15.907" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T04:57:47.347" Title="“Habría” or “Hubiera”: ¿Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les &quot;hubiera&quot; o &quot;habría&quot; costado tanto recordarlo?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2011-12-01T19:59:50.360" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les habría costado tanto recordarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, although it seems weird to me, according to my Spanish grammar book, in the second one you can use: condicional simple, pretérito imperfecto, condicional compuesto (indicativo) and pluscuamperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T19:59:50.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2011-12-01T20:15:31.187" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;This bears a direct correspondence to the classic confusion between subjuntive and conditional, for hypothetical situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;pidieras&lt;/strong&gt; ayuda, tus cosas &lt;strong&gt;marcharían&lt;/strong&gt; mejor.  (If you&#xA;  asked for help, things would go better) (Present Unreal Conditional) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the correct form for the present case (subjuntive/conditional). It would be clearly wrong to use conditional instead of subjuntive in the first term (&quot;si pedirías&quot;) or to use subjuntive for the second (&quot;tus cosas fueran mejor&quot;) -  the later is not so wrong as the former, but it's still wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same sentence, in the past, takes the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubieras pedido&lt;/strong&gt; ayuda, tus cosas &lt;strong&gt;habrían marchado&lt;/strong&gt; mejor.&#xA;  (If you'd asked for help, things would have gone better).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the correct way, but in this case, the substitution are more acceptable, specially the second one: &quot;hubieran marchado mejor&quot; is almost right, and both forms are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the question example, &quot;habría&quot; is slighly more correct, but &quot;hubiera&quot; is acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More cases and examples &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espanolsinfronteras.com/LenguaCastellana-RD01-Gramatica28-CondicionalImperfecto-Perfecto.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-07T04:57:47.347" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T04:57:47.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-12-01T20:31:43.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cuánto cuesta ...?&quot;  &quot;¿Cuánto vale ...?&quot;  &quot;¿A cuánto está...?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son las formas más usadas.  También &quot;¿Cuánto sale...?&quot; (para bienes pequeños, compras cotidianas), &quot;¿Qué precio tiene?&quot;, o (raramente) &quot;¿Qué vale...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿A cómo ...?&quot; no se usa por aquí, pero se entiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T20:31:43.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2011-12-01T20:54:47.457" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema es el subjuntivo. Por lo general, la respuesta correcta es tal y como señala Alenanno: &amp;quot;habría&amp;quot;. Y lo correcto (por lo general) es &amp;quot;habría&amp;quot; pues debemos tener en cuenta que una frase con todos los verbos en modo subjuntivo es una frase incompleta (a menos que se pueda completar tácitamente por el contexto) que deja al interlocutor esperando que termine la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antonio: «Si yo hubiera comido»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enrique: «¿Qué? ¿Qué pasaría si tú hubieras comido? ¿Estarías más gordo? ¿no tendrías hambre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antonio: «No, que digo que si yo hubiera comido entonces ya no me habría sentado mal ese whisky»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enrique: ¡Ah, vale! Ahora ya sí te entiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con las frases aisladas que nos trae Nicolás obtenemos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les habría costado tanto recordarlo. [OK tiene sentido por sí sola]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les hubiera costado tanto recordarlo. [Incompleta, suena raro, como si la dijera mi hijo de 9 años]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, es posible que la segunda frase tenga sentido y esté correctamente dicha si se dice en un contexto que lo permita, por ejemplo ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan: «Si no les hubiera costado tanto recordarlo, habrían llegado a tiempo para ver el eclipse de Sol.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José: «Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les hubiera costado tanto recordarlo [y habrían visto el eclipse]»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos es exactamente la misma frase, pero la primera carece de sentido (o por lo menos suena bastante rara) al tener todos los verbos en modo subjuntivo, y en cambio la segunda está bien pues existe un verbo (omitido pero que se sabe por el contexto) que no está en modo subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T21:00:48.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="728" CreationDate="2011-12-01T23:47:13.057" Score="5" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the correct way to translate 'I was the one who did it'? By a literal translation it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fui el que lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I know in Spanish the verb is often made to agree with the subject, even in slightly more 'convoluted' sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La persona más importante &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this apply to my example as well? Which is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fui el que lo &lt;strong&gt;hizo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fui el que lo &lt;strong&gt;hice&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this would apply to many similar sentences of a similar form as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu fuiste el que &lt;strong&gt;abriste&lt;/strong&gt; la puerta &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu fuiste el que &lt;strong&gt;abrió&lt;/strong&gt; la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these is the proper translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T17:06:04.533" Title="Translation of 'I was the one who did it'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="727" CreationDate="2011-12-02T00:23:23.687" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo fui el que lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it can be rewritten to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo fui &lt;em&gt;la persona&lt;/em&gt; que lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or (this sentence sounds more natural):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo fui quien lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;la persona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;del&gt;Yo fui la persona que lo hice&lt;/del&gt; sounds wrong, &amp;quot;la persona&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;(yo) hice&amp;quot; doesn't match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Replacing &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;la persona&amp;quot; in your last sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;Tú fuiste la persona que abriste la puerta.&lt;/del&gt; Wrong, &amp;quot;la persona&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;(tú) abriste&amp;quot; doesn't match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú fuiste la persona que abrió la puerta. [OK]&#xA;So your last sentence is the correct one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T00:43:46.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="662" CreationDate="2011-12-02T01:02:26.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two colloquial phrases from Costa Rica I recently learned from spanishpod101 are related to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son pelitos de gato nada mas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to: &quot;It's just little cat hairs&quot;. Meaning it's only light rain/drizzle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;San Pedro esta corriendo los muebles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to &quot;St Peter is moving the furniture around&quot;. Meaning there is a big storm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here is the link to the podcast:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishpod101.com/2008/06/10/regional-spanish-series-61-costa-rican-18-st-peters-moving-the-furniture/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishpod101.com/2008/06/10/regional-spanish-series-61-costa-rican-18-st-peters-moving-the-furniture/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: I am not specifically intending to promote this website. If anyone feels it is not appropriate to link to sites like this, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T01:02:26.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="727" CreationDate="2011-12-02T02:13:06.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native speaker so I'm not sure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿¡Quién ha sido?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reply would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He sido yo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="226" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T17:06:04.533" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T17:06:04.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="727" CreationDate="2011-12-02T03:40:59.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use the third person, the correct way is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy aquél           (               I'm that one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy aquél   (I'm that one)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Que cada noche te persigue     (Who chases after you every night)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Yo soy aquél   (I'm that one)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Que por quererte ya no vive  (Who doesn't live anymore because he loves you)&#xA;. . .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And please note that &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael_%28singer%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Raphael&lt;/a&gt; is NOT my favorite &amp;quot;poet&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T03:40:59.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-12-02T09:09:32.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I will address your questions one by one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es válido el uso de ¿a cómo ...? (en alguna de sus variantes) para preguntar el valor de algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is valid asking in any of the forms you provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A cuánto está ...? es una alternativa más intuitiva, ¿cuándo es preferible el uso de ésta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure why do you qualify this alternative as more intuitive as for me it is the same. Maybe from a language learning point of view?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no preferred case as when to use ¿A cuánto está? rather than ¿A cómo está?, because in practice they mean exactly the same and their use are so widespread that there is no widely recognized preference for one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe alguna relación entre el uso de ¿a cómo ...? en español con el uso de how much/many ...? en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No there is no relationship between them opposed to ¿A cuánto...? in Spanish. Languages don't always have exact equivalents for everything and this is one of those things that can't be exactly translated. This happens for example very often with german that is a language with words that are very specific to a context. It is bound to happen because each language has its own flow and context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some alternatives as to asking a price or value of something in spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto vale xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A cuánto es (article, e.g. el/la etc..) xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A cómo (article, e.g. el/la etc..) xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: there is NO reference in the RAE (and consequently we can presume on the other spanish academies that are aligned to the RAE) about the preference between the two cases or on how to ask the question properly or if there are any rules related to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T13:24:44.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="727" CreationDate="2011-12-02T09:46:23.213" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to make it sound more natural, I'd suggest something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui yo. Yo lo hice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T09:46:23.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="672" CreationDate="2011-12-02T16:56:45.310" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Argentina and I never say or hear &quot;el Chile&quot;, but &quot;la Argentina&quot; is quite accepted and used. The standard explanation of this apparent anomality is that &quot;Argentina&quot; is originally an adjective, tied to the (often tacit) substantive &quot;República&quot;, so that the full expression would be &quot;la República  Argentina&quot; (analogously to &quot;los Estados Unidos&quot;). Hence, the right thing is to use the article &quot;la&quot;, also when the substantive &quot;república&quot; is omitted. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=22899&quot;&gt;(Reference: elcastellano.org)&lt;/a&gt;. I must admit that this explanation sounds a little artificial to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-03T00:04:19.120" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T00:04:19.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-12-02T19:24:27.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es válido el uso de ¿a cómo ...? (en alguna de sus variantes) para&#xA;  preguntar el valor de algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, pero cuando hablamos de español, toma en cuenta que cada país que lo habla tiene sus variantes. Lo ideal es no apegarse a los detalles locales para tener un español más universal y entendible por todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por experiencia personal, 'a cómo' suele ser dicho ya sea predominantemente en españa o bien, por la clase baja en latinoamerica. Es una forma burda de preguntar dado que cómo (how) no es específico de cantidad. El equivalente en inglés sería algo tipo... 'So how's the british pound?'. Indudablemente generaría confusión. Usar 'cuánto' es la manera correcta dado que específica 'cantidad'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuánto está ...? es una alternativa más intuitiva, ¿cuándo es&#xA;  preferible el uso de ésta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, de todas las opciones que enlistaste, es la más 'coloquial' e intuitiva. Para terminar la oración sin embargo, pondría algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A cuánto está la libra esterlina? | ¿A cuánto está la libra en pesos? etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existe alguna relación entre el uso de ¿a cómo ...? en español con el&#xA;  uso de how much/many ...? en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde se, 'a como' es un ejemplo del mal uso del lenguaje dado que no 'como' no está directamente relacionado a cantidades. Cómo = how, pero sin 'much' detrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A cómo NO ES equivalente a HOW MUCH en el sentido estricto de la palabra, solo en el entendimiento coloquial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo hicieramos en inglés, sería lo mismo, no puedes ir a una tienda y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How's the coke bottle?&#xA;So how's the bag of chips?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay nada haciendo referencia a CANTIDAD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T19:24:27.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2011-12-03T03:49:33.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the most idiomatic translation into Castillian Spanish would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy deseando ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="259" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:30:00.600" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:30:00.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="739" CreationDate="2011-12-03T07:25:08.043" Score="18" ViewCount="1463" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we have different words for the verb &lt;em&gt;to ask&lt;/em&gt; and the noun &lt;em&gt;question&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spanish &lt;em&gt;to ask&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;question&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;pregunta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This always causes me to stumble when speaking Spanish and I come to say something I would phrase in English as &lt;em&gt;to ask a question&lt;/em&gt;. Because saying &lt;em&gt;preguntar una pregunta&lt;/em&gt; sounds definitely wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish would I substitute a synonym for &lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt; or for &lt;em&gt;pregunta&lt;/em&gt; or would I have to recast each sentence on a case by case basis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are other senses of &lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pregunta&lt;/em&gt; and other words for other senses of &lt;em&gt;to ask&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;question&lt;/em&gt;, but they're not relevant to this question. You &lt;em&gt;cannot&lt;/em&gt; say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preguntar un cuestión (literally &quot;ask a matter&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir una pregunta (literally &quot;request a question&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed you can often avoid needing both a verb and its object but sometimes its either not avoidable or requires changing the sentence completely (randomly googled examples):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have interview questions of your own ready to ask.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interview Questions to Ask the Employer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most Commonly Asked Sawfish Questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequently Asked Antitrust Questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when asking or answering questions ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... they ask themselves two questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The better question to ask is how many young people refuse to use the ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How To Ask Basic Questions Using Sign Language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both asking and answering questions are important parts of effective learning and teaching.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T10:36:19.147" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T17:26:14.640" Title="How to avoid the lexical redundancy in the literal Spanish translation of &quot;to ask a question&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="740" CreationDate="2011-12-03T07:47:31.777" Score="6" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most if not all Spanish dictionaries I've checked, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;embarazada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is only ever listed in its feminine form unlike all other adjectives I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this semantic because it's considered that males can't be pregnant, or is it a real lexical property of the word? Are there other words with this property? I don't think I've checked as many dictionaries for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;preñada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;encinta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I know these three words are listed in Wiktionary in their masculine form, but I was at least partly responsible for that and it was based on hunting down a few masculine forms rather than following any canonical reference.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T11:39:03.213" Title="Are there other &quot;feminine only&quot; adjectives in Spanish besides &quot;embarazada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="737" CreationDate="2011-12-03T07:54:28.710" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To ask a question&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;Hacer una pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él me hizo una pregunta.&lt;/em&gt; (= He asked me a question.) And also: &quot;Él me preguntó&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Déjame hacerte una pregunta.&lt;/em&gt; (= Let me ask you a question.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preguntar una pregunta&lt;/em&gt; does sound wrong to me as well; it's redundant. You only need to say it once, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pregúntame lo que quieres.&lt;/em&gt; (= Ask me whatever you want.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example, though correct grammatically, doesn't sound right, a Spanish speaker won't use this form. It would be either &quot;Pregúntame lo que quier*&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;*s&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Dime&lt;/strong&gt; lo que quieres&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've given some interesting examples in your question. Next to each one is how I would handle it in general terms. Others may tackle them differently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prepare sus propias preguntas de entrevista.&lt;/em&gt; In Castilian Spanish the correct form is &lt;em&gt;Prepare sus propias preguntas &lt;strong&gt;para la&lt;/strong&gt; entrevista.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Have interview questions of your own ready to ask.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preguntas de entrevista para hacer al empleador.&lt;/em&gt; Ditto: &lt;em&gt;Preguntas para hacer durante la entrevista a la empresa&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Interview questions to ask the employer.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Las) preguntas más comúnes sobre el Pez Sierra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Most commonly asked sawfish questions.)   &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Frequently Asked Antitrust Questions.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (same idea, but I'd use &lt;em&gt;frecuentes&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;comunes&lt;/em&gt;, naturally.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haciendo o respondiendo preguntas&lt;/em&gt; OR &lt;em&gt;cuando preguntas se hagan o respondan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (when asking or answering questions.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ellos se hacen dos preguntas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (they ask themselves two questions.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mejor pregunta para hacer es cuántos jóvenes negan usar el/la ...&lt;/em&gt; Ditto: &lt;em&gt;La pregunta más apropiada es cuántos jóvenes &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; n&lt;/em&gt;*i*&lt;em&gt;egan &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; usar el/la ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (The better question to ask is how many young people refuse to&#xA;  use the ... )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cómo hacer preguntas básicas con el lenguaje por señas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (How to ask basic questions using sign language.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer y responder preguntas, las dos son partes importantes de aprendizaje efectivo y enseñanza efectiva.&lt;/em&gt; Ditto:  &lt;em&gt;Preguntar y responder, ambas son partes importantes de un aprendizaje y enseñanza efectivos.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Both asking and answering questions are important parts of effective learning and teaching.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-07T23:20:29.837" LastActivityDate="2013-04-07T23:20:29.837" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="738" CreationDate="2011-12-03T08:01:37.587" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say that those words are exceptional; they're following the rules, but they also follow reality. If a man really did get pregnant (like in a certain movie), you'd just use &lt;code&gt;embarazado&lt;/code&gt; (or preñado or encinto) and, while it'd catch people's attention, they'd follow you from the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words only apply to one gender. You wouldn't call a woman virile in English (generally speaking), but the word virile doesn't have any lexical property that establishes this. Rather, it's simply usage and context that dictate the form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T08:01:37.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="727" CreationDate="2011-12-03T08:07:40.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most basic form (non-poetic) I would use is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui yo que lo hice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the first person to maintain agreement, similar to how whenever someone talks about &lt;code&gt;seres humanos&lt;/code&gt; they invariably use &lt;code&gt;nosotros&lt;/code&gt; to include themselves in the statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T08:07:40.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-03T08:29:39.667" Score="4" ViewCount="3076" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Perífrasis verbal&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; seems to be used pretty consistently at least in some references to refer to grammatical constructions like &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure if it's a set grammatical or linguistic term, and I'm not sure if there's one best way to say it in English or if it depends on the particular use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compound verb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbal phrase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a best English equivalent of &quot;perífrasis verbal&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example as it's been posted in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/473/75&quot;&gt;an answer right here on our site&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el infinitivo o el gerundio forman parte de una &lt;strong&gt;perífrasis verbal&lt;/strong&gt;, en la mayor parte de los casos los clíticos pueden colocarse también delante del verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis, que es el que aparece en forma personal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/337/revisions&quot;&gt;another&lt;/a&gt; which has since been edited:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perífrasis verbal&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;ir a&quot; is roughly the same as &quot;going to&quot; in English: we primarily use it when talking about the immediate future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T11:15:47.320" Title="What's the best way to say &quot;perífrasis verbal&quot; in English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="742" CreationDate="2011-12-03T09:11:40.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like the grammatical term is actually &lt;strong&gt;periphrasis&lt;/strong&gt;. Compound verbs and verb phrases both refer to different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came to this conclusion after viewing the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=per%C3%ADfrasis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;translation on WordReference&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periphrasis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the English Wikipedia article for &lt;em&gt;periphrasis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-03T11:15:47.320" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T11:15:47.320" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="765" CreationDate="2011-12-03T19:06:35.040" Score="3" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;In GLU we had a question on difference between &lt;em&gt;schlimm-schlecht&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bad-poor&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;a href=&quot;https://german.stackexchange.com/questions/2457/schlimm-vs-schlecht&quot;&gt;My rule of thumb was&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;em&gt;bad&lt;/em&gt; if something feels bad, affects you emotionally in a negative sense&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;em&gt;poor&lt;/em&gt; to judge objectively something which doesn't affect you emotionally, e.g., like a teacher judging the grades of a distinct pupil, while the pupil's mother would judge them rather as bad grades from a very personal and emotional point of view, feeling bad about the future of her child.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not looking for spanish adjectives/adverb of &lt;em&gt;fatal, sick, sad&lt;/em&gt; in English. Doesn't match the the general meaning of &lt;em&gt;poor &amp;amp; bad&lt;/em&gt; in my opinion. Is there a word matching &lt;em&gt;malo,mala&lt;/em&gt; for this differentiation in a similar way as in Ger?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:42:15.293" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T16:19:05.980" Title="judging something as poor (objectively) , bad (emotionally)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="747" CreationDate="2011-12-03T19:16:03.940" Score="9" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the upcoming of talk- and music-casting shows in Ger &amp;amp; US TV in the last two decades, Germans created the compound verb &lt;em&gt;fremdschämen&lt;/em&gt;, e.g., when somebody is embarrassing in his actions or says utterly stupid things in front of a large audience, having a little empathy, you often feel urged to zap to another channel or turn off volume. The english expression next to this is probably &lt;em&gt;cringe-worthy&lt;/em&gt; or something like &quot;surrogate shame&quot;. It's not really the same as &quot;feeling ashamed for one of your friends or your husband/wife&quot; doing embarrasing things, as this causes often a red face on your own while &lt;em&gt;fremdschämen&lt;/em&gt; means more somebody is so embarrasing that you stop yourself from laughing. The line between malicious joy and &lt;em&gt;fremdschämen&lt;/em&gt; is pretty thin and variates form person to person (diff. empathy level). How would you express this feeling in with a verb/adjective in Spanish or are there already common expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I'm still looking for something like urbandictionary.com for Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-11T01:43:57.290" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T01:43:57.290" Title="&quot;to feel ashamed for an unknown person&quot; or a cringe-worthy experience" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="748" CreationDate="2011-12-03T19:23:25.437" Score="6" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;In German we use &lt;em&gt;Gossensprache&lt;/em&gt;, in English &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/gutter-language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gutter language&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; seems to be the most common synonym, but my dictionaries don't show me a spanish word for the language/jargon (often vulgar) spoken by ordinary people/teenager/kids on the street, in small groups, friend circles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a spanish expression for this kind of language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="60" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:38:02.880" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T00:02:30.507" Title="Counterpart of &quot;gutter language&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="745" CreationDate="2011-12-03T19:30:23.563" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;One expression used in Spanish for this type of situations is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentir vergüenza ajena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T19:30:23.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="746" CreationDate="2011-12-03T19:39:11.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say for &lt;em&gt;gutter language&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lenguaje vulgar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lenguaje barriobajero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As suggested by Gonzalo Medina you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lenguaje arrabalero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;though in my opinion it's not as common as the others, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T06:05:25.667" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T06:05:25.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="750" CreationDate="2011-12-04T03:34:15.233" Score="7" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker. I'm pretty sure that the plural of tabú is tabúes, I've seen it used in writing, in the press. For similar reasons that the plural of marroquí is marroquíes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I argued with someone recently about the pluralization of menú. Observe that champú, tabú and menú are are all words of foreign origin that end in a tonic (accented u). Identical rules should apply to them. I now know that menús is correct (and so is Microsoft's documentation for Office in spanish). The question is: is menúes acceptable? incorrect? How do you pluralize: champú, tabú and menú? Can someone explain to me the definitive rule? Is it plagued with exceptions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="265" LastEditorUserId="265" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T03:53:44.290" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T05:01:54.147" Title="Pluralize words ending in a tonic vowel" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="749" CreationDate="2011-12-04T03:49:39.900" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are four main cases to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a noun ends in a tonic &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;, there are two accepted forms for the plural: one using  &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt; and the other one using &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;. For example: &lt;em&gt;bisturíes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;bisturís&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;carmesíes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;carmesís&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tisúes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tisús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tabúes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tabús&lt;/em&gt;.,The form ending in &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt; is preferred, so it is better to say &lt;em&gt;bisturíes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;carmesíes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tisúes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tabúes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the case of gentilics, the plurals ending in &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; are not considered incorrect, but the &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt; ending is preferred: &lt;em&gt;israelíes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;marroquíes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hindúes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bantúes&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the other side, some words from other languages only form their plural with -s: &lt;em&gt;popurrís&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;champús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;menús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tutús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vermús&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The plural of the adverb &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;, when used as a noun, is &lt;em&gt;síes&lt;/em&gt;, but the plural of the musical note &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;sis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your concrete examples, the correct plural forms are &lt;em&gt;champús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tabúes&lt;/em&gt; (preferred) or &lt;em&gt;tabús&lt;/em&gt; (accepted), and &lt;em&gt;menús&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This information can be found in the literal &lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; of the entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=plural&quot;&gt;Plural&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T03:54:52.447" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T03:54:52.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="694" CreationDate="2011-12-04T04:30:08.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived for two years in Honduras.  I heard &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué horas son?&lt;/strong&gt; a lot more than &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/strong&gt;  In fact, I don't recall ever hearing a native Honduran say, &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/strong&gt; even though that's what I was taught to say while learning Spanish here in the U.S.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, my wife is from Brazil and the correct usage is &lt;strong&gt;Que horas são?&lt;/strong&gt; (plural) in Brazilian Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="291" LastEditorUserId="291" LastEditDate="2020-01-19T05:07:42.307" LastActivityDate="2020-01-19T05:07:42.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="697" CreationDate="2011-12-04T07:01:48.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have stated &quot;&lt;em&gt;leímos el libro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is always ambiguous. However you could use &quot;&lt;em&gt;leímos el mismo ejemplar del libro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;leímos la misma copia del libro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; if you want to express what &lt;em&gt;das selbe&lt;/em&gt; means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="292" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T17:53:43.153" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T17:53:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="753" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-04T16:44:20.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Véase también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/solicitud-de-modismo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;solicitud-de-modismo&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;solicitud-de-modismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T10:37:51.497" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T10:37:51.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="754" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-04T16:44:20.797" Score="0" Body="Preguntas en las que se busca una palabra o frase en español dando su definición o explicación. Se recomienda incluir en la pregunta una frase que muestre el contexto, por ejemplo con `__` en el lugar que va a ocupar la palabra solicitada. // Questions looking for a Spanish word or phrase by submitting a definition or explanation.  It is recommended to include an example sentence providing context, with e.g. `__` in place of the word you're looking for." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-07-01T09:08:51.313" LastActivityDate="2019-07-01T09:08:51.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="359" CreationDate="2011-12-04T23:19:21.080" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's what the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; says about &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=chat&quot;&gt;chat&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chat&lt;/strong&gt;. Voz tomada del inglés chat (‘charla’), que significa ‘conversación&#xA;  entre personas conectadas a Internet, mediante el intercambio de&#xA;  mensajes electrónicos’ y, más frecuentemente, ‘servicio que permite&#xA;  mantener este tipo de conversación’. Es voz masculina y su plural es&#xA;  chats (→ plural, 1h): «Los españoles se conectan a los chats una media&#xA;  de 6,3 días al mes» (Teknokultura [P. Rico] 8.01). Es anglicismo&#xA;  asentado y admisible, aunque se han propuesto sustitutos como&#xA;  cibercharla o ciberplática (→ ciber-). Está igualmente asentado el uso&#xA;  del verbo derivado chatear, ‘mantener una conversación mediante el&#xA;  intercambio de mensajes electrónicos’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the word &lt;strong&gt;chat&lt;/strong&gt; is not only established but also accepted in Spanish (even though it has no entry in the DRAE) and it can be safely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer this question, the most common term to refer to a chat room would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;el chat&lt;/em&gt; o también &lt;em&gt;sala de chat&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this can be verified by the number of Google hits. Of course, other expressions such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sala de charla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sala de conversación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are also valid, but &lt;em&gt;el chat&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sala de chat&lt;/em&gt; would certainly be the most common terms for &quot;chat room&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as a note: until I searched the DPD for chat and found the above quoted entry (a total surprise to me, I must confess), I firmly believed that the word &lt;em&gt;chat&lt;/em&gt; shouldn't be used in Spanish; now, my opinion obviously has changed. It's amazing how, thanks to questions like this one, I can learn new facts about my language everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T23:26:01.643" LastActivityDate="2011-12-04T23:26:01.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="757" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:24:50.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta etiqueta debe usarse en preguntas que traten acerca de traducciones y/o adaptaciones de cualquier tipo, ya sean frases completas o palabras sueltas, pasando por términos raros o expresiones hechas, de otros idiomas al español. Estas preguntas buscan sobre todo ver cuál es la mejor forma de realizar dicha adaptación, ya que es posible que no existan traducciones directas. A menudo ocurre incluso que un término que parece tener una traducción directa se descubre que tiene otras traducciones menos conocidas que son mejores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy recomendable especificar para estas preguntas a qué variante del español se desea traducir o adaptar, ya que las respuestas pueden variar considerablemente. Se deben usar para ello las etiquetas regionales (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/m%c3%a9xico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;m&amp;#233;xico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;m&amp;#233;xico&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/chile&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;chile&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;chile&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/colombia&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;colombia&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;colombia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1a&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;a&lt;/a&gt;, etc.) o usar la etiqueta &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1ol-neutral&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&lt;/a&gt; si se desea una respuesta válida en cualquier región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tag must be used in questions about translations and/or adaptations of any kind, from whole sentences to a single word, unusual terms or set phrases, from any language into Spanish. This question seeks the best way to do the adaptation, due to the fact that a direct translation may not be always possible. It is not uncommon that a term that seems to have a direct translation may have another unknown translation that better fits the original meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is recommended to specify the particular Spanish variant to use in the translation, as the answer may vary greatly among regions. The regional tags (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/m%c3%a9xico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;m&amp;#233;xico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;m&amp;#233;xico&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/chile&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;chile&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;chile&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/colombia&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;colombia&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;colombia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1a&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;a&lt;/a&gt; and so on) must be used for this purpose, or use the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1ol-neutral&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&lt;/a&gt; tag if the answer needs to be used in every region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions tagged with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18/12637&quot;&gt;How should I translate “table” (as in a data table)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1969/12637&quot;&gt;How do you say a “shot” referring to alcohol?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2261/12637&quot;&gt;Is there a Spanish equivalent to &amp;quot;-ish&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-10-07T08:07:29.570" LastActivityDate="2020-10-07T08:07:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="758" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:24:50.857" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre traducciones y adaptaciones de frases, palabras, términos y conceptos de otros idiomas al idioma español. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Questions about translations or adaptations of sentences, words, terms and concepts from other languages into Spanish." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-10-07T08:07:29.570" LastActivityDate="2020-10-07T08:07:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="759" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:25:52.837" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T07:25:52.837" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T07:25:52.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="760" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:25:52.837" Score="0" Body="Questions involving a group of related or associated terms." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T10:37:56.140" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T10:37:56.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="761" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:27:37.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas sobre palabras tan raras que no están en los diccionarios habituales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about Spanish words so uncommon that they are difficult to find in the usual dictionaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21356" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2021-03-31T09:41:01.677" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T09:41:01.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="762" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-05T07:27:37.000" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre palabras tan raras que no están en los diccionarios habituales. // Questions about Spanish words so uncommon that they are difficult to find in the usual dictionaries." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2021-03-31T09:41:01.677" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T09:41:01.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="745" CreationDate="2011-12-05T08:36:06.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another common expression, although more colloquial is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tener/Sentir pena ajena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pena is a synonym of Vergüenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T08:36:06.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="779" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:16:25.593" Score="8" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the exact function of &quot;mismo&quot; in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llevó a cabo la ceremonia y el mismo presidente le entregó la medalla al soldado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker and I think it is to make an emphasis of the next word. I just want to get this clarified. Here &quot;mismo&quot; is not about the &quot;same thing&quot; because there is another usage where it could be used as this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Laura y yo tenemos los mismos gustos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T01:35:38.977" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T01:35:38.977" Title="What's the function of &quot;mismo&quot; in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="744" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:19:05.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, you cannot expect 1:1 mapping of words when you translate. Most of the times you'll translate &lt;em&gt;schlimm&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt;, sometimes maybe even &lt;em&gt;malvado&lt;/em&gt;. In case of &lt;em&gt;schlecht&lt;/em&gt; your translation will vary. Sometimes it will also be &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt;. In other cases, like for example in case of grading you can say &lt;em&gt;&quot;notas bajas&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which I think is used more often than &lt;em&gt;&quot;notas malas&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T16:19:05.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="764" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:19:51.673" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that sentence, &quot;mismo&quot; could be translated as &quot;very&quot; or &quot;himself&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ceremony was carried out and the very president handed the medal&#xA;  to the soldier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ceremony was carried out and the president himself handed the medal&#xA;  to the soldier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you guessed, it is an emphatic; it means that it was the president and no other person who did that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T16:27:14.343" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T16:27:14.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="774" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:33:14.200" Score="12" ViewCount="48701" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ísimo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; doing on the following adjectives? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What rules should be applied to convert the adjectives to the corresponding &quot;ísimo&quot; adjective? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can this be applied to all adjectives or just a few?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pastel está &lt;strong&gt;rico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El pastel está &lt;strong&gt;riquísimo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El café está &lt;strong&gt;caliente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El café está &lt;strong&gt;calentísimo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples: buenísimo, facilísimo, malísimo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-08-16T01:10:54.593" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T20:05:54.810" Title="What's the &quot;ísimo&quot; in the following words?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:40:48.290" Score="-2" ViewCount="20541" Body="&lt;p&gt;If &quot;no&quot; means &quot;no&quot;, and if &quot;se&quot; means &quot;is&quot;, why does &quot;no sé&quot; mean &quot;I don't know&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been a bit of stumbling block for me as I learn the language. I as learn how to learn, I like to know the literal and the why, and I can't get my brain around why &quot;no se&quot; means what it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="160" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T17:05:58.103" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T17:14:38.690" Title="Why does &quot;no sé&quot; mean &quot;I don't know?&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2011-12-05T17:06:51.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="769" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="772" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:49:31.547" Score="19" ViewCount="2962" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference? What's their usage? When should one be used instead of the other one? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El niño debe de hacer su tarea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El niño debe hacer su tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T21:13:18.303" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T06:46:23.690" Title="What's the difference between &quot;debe de&quot; y &quot;debe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="768" CreationDate="2011-12-05T16:54:08.917" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is because &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the present conjugation of the verb &quot;&lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for the pronoun &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, and &quot;no&quot; is the way to negate a verb in spanish. Therefore &quot;no sé&quot; (Yo no sé.) is &quot;I don't know&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conjugation depends of the pronoun. It is very common to ommit the subject.&#xA;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabemos. (Nosotro no sabemos) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabe (El no sabe) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se que tengo que ir mañana al trabajo (Yo se...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the conjugation of the verb &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/saber&quot;&gt;saber&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T17:14:38.690" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T17:14:38.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:12:23.490" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deber + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt; is used to express &lt;strong&gt;obligation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You must do it as soon as possible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deber de + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt; is used to express &lt;strong&gt;probability&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;supposition&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It must be very early.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, in the second case the preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; is omitted, so it might be confusing. So the first case could also be interpretated as the second one, but the context of the sentence would give you the right meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example I'd say that the correct way is &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;El niño debe hacer su tarea&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, because it's likely that the meaning is obligation. But for example you mean something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test is answered, the child must have done his homework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you would use &amp;quot;deber de&amp;quot; (but with another tense) because this is a supposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El test está contestado, el niño debe de haber hecho sus tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=deber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;on the RAE&lt;/a&gt; the official reference about the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T06:46:23.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:14:25.033" Score="10" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El niño debe hacer su tarea.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence means &lt;strong&gt;obligation&lt;/strong&gt;: The kid &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; do his job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar sentence could be &quot;&lt;em&gt;El niño &lt;strong&gt;tiene que&lt;/strong&gt; hacer su tarea.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El niño debe de hacer su tarea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction &quot;&lt;em&gt;deber de&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &lt;strong&gt;supposition&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;possibility&lt;/strong&gt;. I'm not sure this usage applies to your example as is. But another example can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deben de ser las ocho y media.&lt;/em&gt; - It must be half past eight. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to read more, check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=deber&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;deber&quot;&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;&quot;deber de&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; comparison on the RAE, provided by Gonzalo Medina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T20:00:49.600" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T20:00:49.600" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="767" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:25:36.793" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ísimo/ma&lt;/em&gt; is a Latin suffix that can be appended to some adjectives and adverbs to form their superlatives: &lt;em&gt;malísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;riquísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rules governing the use of the &lt;em&gt;ísimo&lt;/em&gt; suffix are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For adjectives ending in &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, simply add the suffix (changing the final &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; for a &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fácil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;facilísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;feroz&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ferocísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;popular&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;popularísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an exception to this rule, if the adjective ends in &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; consonant must be added before the suffix: &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mayorcísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives ending in &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; usually add a consonant &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; before the suffix: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;bribón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;briboncísimo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cansón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cansoncísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives ending in a non-tonic vowel usually lose the vowel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;listísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dulce&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dulcísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an exception the superlative of &lt;em&gt;cursi&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;cursilísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the adjective ends in a tonic vowel, the superlative cannot be formed using the &lt;em&gt;-ísimo&lt;/em&gt; suffix&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;carmesí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muy carmesí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives ending in the non-tonic groups &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;uo/ua&lt;/em&gt; lose the final vowel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tenue&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tenuísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ingenuo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ingenuísimo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;exigua&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;exigüísima&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives ending in diphthongs &lt;em&gt;io/ia&lt;/em&gt; lose both vowels:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;amplia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amplísima&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sucio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sucísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives ending in hiatus &lt;em&gt;ío/ía&lt;/em&gt; lose the final vowel: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;friísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;impía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;impiísima&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A special case is the group of adjectives containing the diphthong &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt;; those adjectives form their superlatives (with &lt;em&gt;ísimo&lt;/em&gt;) using the Latin root of the corresponding adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;certísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fortísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;calentísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this group also admits another valid form for the superlative, incorporating the Spanish root of the adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ciertísimo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fuertísimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;calientísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some other superlatives come directly from Latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;antiquísimo&lt;/em&gt; (lat. antiquissimus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;crudelísimo&lt;/em&gt; (lat. crudelissimus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rules can be found in the entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=-%EDsimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ísmo&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's is worth noticing that there's another way (less prone to error) to produce the superlative without appending the &lt;em&gt;ísmo&lt;/em&gt; suffix, namely, using &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muy caliente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muy fuerte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;falaz&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muy falaz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-08-16T19:42:44.293" LastActivityDate="2012-08-16T19:42:44.293" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="776" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:43:04.783" Score="14" ViewCount="11632" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words &lt;em&gt;broma&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt; translate to the English word &lt;em&gt;joke&lt;/em&gt;.  What's the difference between these two Spanish words, and how do I know when to use each one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2019-09-06T06:05:08.447" Title="Difference between &quot;broma&quot; and &quot;chiste&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="775" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:47:21.077" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference that comes to my mind is that &lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; can be something witty that you tell, like a joke. For example, the &quot;&lt;em&gt;three guys walk into a bar...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;strong&gt;broma&lt;/strong&gt; is a joke that you play on someone, such as putting a sign at the wrong place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;broma inocente&lt;/strong&gt; is a joke played on someone that makes the &quot;victim&quot; laugh together with the ones who did the joke, something light; while a &lt;strong&gt;broma pesada&lt;/strong&gt; is a joke that went a little too far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we go worse than that, then we're talking about a &lt;strong&gt;burla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T17:47:21.077" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="775" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:47:50.323" Score="13" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;broma is like &quot;prank&quot; in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le hicimos una broma a Carlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquellos niños le hicieron una broma pesada a Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chiste is like &quot;to tell a joke&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El profesor nos contó un chiste que nos hizo reir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T17:47:50.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="775" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:59:24.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chiste is a relatively simple concept as explained in the other answers. The thing is that broma is a complex word that has many meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bulla, algazara, diversión. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chanza, burla. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Persona o cosa pesada y molesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need many words in english to explain what broma really is: to make fun of, to mock, to kid around, to have fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="265" LastEditorUserId="265" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T22:25:44.463" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T22:25:44.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="764" CreationDate="2011-12-05T20:07:10.620" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The function of &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; in that type of sentence is described by the &amp;quot;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&amp;quot; (DPHD) as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.- A menudo se emplea como mero refuerzo enfático y puede ir antepuesto o pospuesto al sustantivo, a veces en forma diminutiva (mismito) o superlativa (mismísimo): «Mis sorpresas comenzaron en la puerta misma del Club Alemán de la ciudad» (Edwards Anfitrión [Chile 1987]); «Me dejó con la espina clavada en el mismito centro de mi corazón» (LpzPáez Herlinda [Méx. 1993]); «Se atrevió a dar el paso de telefonearlo a la mismísima casa de su amante» (Vergés Cenizas [R. Dom. 1980]). Puede seguir a un pronombre personal: «Nosotros mismos nos condenamos al nacer» (Britton Siglo [Pan. 1995]); su empleo es obligatorio tras un pronombre tónico que, a su vez, refuerza al reflexivo átono correspondiente: «Muchas veces usted no se cuida a sí mismo» (Sophia Arte [EE. UU. 1996]); aquí no sería posible *usted no se cuida a sí; sin embargo, en ausencia del pronombre átono, no es obligatorio añadir el refuerzo mismo: «Gracias al instinto de supervivencia cada uno cuida de sí» (GmzPérez Abc [Esp. 1994]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that its function is to emphasize the substantive it precedes or follows. In some cases it may be transformed to its diminutive or augmentative form (&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;mismito&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;mismísimo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el discurso final fue el &lt;strong&gt;mismísimo&lt;/strong&gt; presidente quien agradeció la ayuda prestada por todos sus colaboradores&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→  During the final speech was the &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; president who gave thanks to his collaborators for their help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to note that in the first example given by the DPHD above, the word &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; follows the substantive it modifies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis sorpresas comenzaron en la puerta &lt;strong&gt;misma&lt;/strong&gt; del Club Alemán de la ciudad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→  My surprises began at the very entrance of the city's German Club.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that could be said as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis sorpresas comenzaron en la &lt;strong&gt;mismísima&lt;/strong&gt; puerta del Club Alemán de la ciudad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; after the substantive it modifies is something (I think) that not always sounds good. I could recommend using it before the substantive when not really sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T20:07:10.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="767" CreationDate="2011-12-05T20:49:00.807" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually Gonzalo's nice answer doesn't cover one part of the story fully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not that Spanish has two ways to express the superlative of adjectives - rather Spanish, like Latin, most modern Romance languages, and also Ancient Greek has &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superlative#Romance_languages&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;two different kinds&lt;/em&gt; of superlatives&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/relative_superlative&quot;&gt;relative superlative&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is the more familiar one with &lt;em&gt;más:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El más grande&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is usually translated to the English superlative &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The biggest&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/absolute_superlative&quot;&gt;absolute superlative&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is the form ending in &lt;em&gt;-ísimo:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grandísimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is usually translated to English using &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Very big&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There is a small possibility that the terms used in English for this part of Spanish grammar follow a different tradition to what is used in Spanish when discussing Spanish grammar...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T20:49:00.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="784" CreationDate="2011-12-05T21:59:19.187" Score="1" ViewCount="1590" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the options for translating the phrase &quot;how is&quot; or &quot;how was,&quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How's the steak?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is your day so far?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the traffic today?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How was your vacation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How was the meeting?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How was your birthday yesterday?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of ¿Cómo es/está? and ¿Cómo fue/era/estuvo/estaba? work here, and what are the differences? What other ways are there of expressing this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-06T09:14:34.783" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T19:40:14.253" Title="Translating &quot;how is ...?&quot; and &quot;how was ...?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="783" CreationDate="2011-12-05T22:10:44.180" Score="7" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;code&gt;gustar&lt;/code&gt;, when used with people, conveys a romantic interest (e.g. &lt;code&gt;Ella me gusta.&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;I have a crush on her.&lt;/code&gt;). How then, can you convey that you like a musician's music or an artist's paintings, for example, without romantic overtones? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like Enrique Iglesias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I love Van Gogh!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I really like Ricky Martin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this simply be understood from the context as it is in English? Or is there a better option than &lt;code&gt;gustarle&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;encantarle&lt;/code&gt;. I made this mistake recently when, after being asked what I liked about a particular country, I answered: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta la gente aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:14.827" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:14.827" Title="&quot;Liking&quot; a musician or other artist" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="782" CreationDate="2011-12-05T22:20:53.083" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all: the meaning of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; goes well beyond the romantic interest. This is something you have to bear in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we see the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/gustar&quot;&gt;RAE dictionary definition of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, we get these meanings (&lt;em&gt;acepciones&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Sentir y percibir el sabor de las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. experimentar (‖ probar).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;intr. Agradar, parecer bien.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Resultar atractiva a otra.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Desear, querer y tener complacencia en algo. Gustar DE correr, DE jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've written with bold text the two meanings we have to understand clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say, when referring to people &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; has a meaning related to romantic interest, but depending on the context, you may be talking about the art or the production of someone. When you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta van Gogh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you are talking about art, then the meaning will refer to the third meaning of gustar; but if there are (for example) two women talking about how handsome are/were some artists, then the meaning will be the fourth one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; has a stronger meaning than &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; la pintura de van Gogh&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; (yes, I like it, I think his paintings are beautiful).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;encanta&lt;/strong&gt; la pintura de van Gogh&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; (I'm really a fanatic of his art).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the troubles you had when you said &quot;&lt;em&gt;Me gusta la gente aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, I think it may depend on the context and the place where you said it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, I think that the right way to say that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gusta la gente &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; aquí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is very important because you need to be sure the people you talk to understand you're using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; regarding its third meaning (see above) and not regarding to its fourth one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To avoid any misunderstanding, in such a situation you could prefer something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encuentro muy agradable (a) la gente de este lugar/ciudad/país&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2011-12-05T22:53:47.947" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T22:53:47.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="781" CreationDate="2011-12-05T22:35:11.417" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;An almost literal translation is indeed a right option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Present&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo está el bistec?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo está siendo tu día hasta ahora?&lt;/em&gt;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr; &amp;nbsp;(you should use present continuous (gerund) in case the day hasn't finished yet).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo está el tráfico hoy?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preterite&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuvieron tus vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuvo la reunión?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuvo la celebración de tu cumpleaños ayer?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although you can use as well &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qué tal ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (in this case the verb can be omitted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal (está / estuvo) el bistec?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal (está siendo / ha sido) tu día hasta ahora?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;... and so on ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main distinction between &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in this case is the classical one regarding these verbs: &lt;sub&gt;(this issue isn't the main subject of the question by the way)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt;: must be used related to things limited in time. That is to say, when you ask about a feature of something limited to the time when the conversation is being made. You sould not use this verb to ask for a permanent feature of something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt;: must be used when you ask about a permanent or inherent feature of something, or about a feature that repeats in time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo es el bistec?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: You could hear (or ask) such a question when you don't know at all what a &lt;code&gt;bistec&lt;/code&gt; is (e.g. you come from a vegan family or town), and you want to know what it's made from, what are its features, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo está el bistec?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: You will hear (or ask) this question when you want to know how tasty or delicious is the meal being eaten by the person you are talking to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A succinct resource you could read to grasp the difference between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/verbs/a/servsestar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Ser' and 'Estar': Verbs for 'To Be'&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-01-24T19:40:14.253" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T19:40:14.253" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2011-12-05T23:01:00.787" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Academia Mexicana de la Lengua&lt;/em&gt; lists it in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.org.mx/dicmex.php&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario breve de mexicanismos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which would tend to support the anecdotal evidence that everyone has given so far (and that I would add to - I heard it a lot in Mexico, but I've only heard it from Mexicans elsewhere that I can recall).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T23:01:00.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-12-06T05:24:59.253" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras una ardua búsqueda, encontré que la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (2009) explica que el uso de &lt;em&gt;a cómo&lt;/em&gt; es aceptable para preguntar el precio o valor de algo (el énfasis en negrita es propio): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;22.16j&lt;/strong&gt; Se usa el adverbio exclamativo &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; en su interpretación cuantitativa con varios predicados que tienen argumentos de esa misma naturaleza: el ya citado &lt;em&gt;tardar&lt;/em&gt;, así como &lt;em&gt;demorarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pesar&lt;/em&gt;, entre otros. El verbo &lt;em&gt;costar&lt;/em&gt; admite también esta alternancia cuando se refiere al hecho de resultar penosa alguna tarea: &lt;em&gt;Habrá que hinchar la fe para reconstruir el futuro. Pero cómo cuesta&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Salvador Hoy&lt;/em&gt; 15/11/2000).&#xA;  No la admite, en cambio, cuando denota la propiedad de tener algo determinado valor o precio: &lt;em&gt;¡{Cuánto*~Cómo} cuesta hoy un kilo de manzanas!&lt;/em&gt; Cabría pensar que esta asimetría se relaciona con la naturaleza pronominal de &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt; en estos últimos contextos, ya que se pregunta en ellos por ciertas unidades de medida. &lt;strong&gt;En general, no se extiende a &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; la interpretación pronominal de &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt;. Se rechaza, por consiguiente, la equivalencia entre ambos adverbios en &lt;em&gt;Hay que ver cuánto logró recorrer sin detenerse&lt;/em&gt;, donde &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt; significa ´cuánta distancia, cuánto trecho´. Se exceptúan las contrucciones formadas con la pauta «&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; cuantitativo» características de los verbos &lt;em&gt;costar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vender&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;, etc., cuyos complementos denotan precio. Estas construcciones, en las que alternan &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt;, son también peculiares por que admiten la interpretación cuantitativa de &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; en contextos interrogativos&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;  Trataba [...] de preguntar para qué servía esto y aquello y lo de más allá, y cuánto costaba y &lt;em&gt;a cómo&lt;/em&gt; se vendía (Pardo Bazán, &lt;em&gt;Pazos&lt;/em&gt;); Diga usté [sic] &lt;em&gt;a cómo&lt;/em&gt; la paga, respondió don Pioquinto (Buitrago, J., &lt;em&gt;Pescadores&lt;/em&gt;); ¿&lt;em&gt;A cómo&lt;/em&gt; estaba el dólar en el peor momento de la crisis de diciembre de 1994 y enero de 1995? (&lt;em&gt;Excélsior&lt;/em&gt; 1/11/1996); ¿&lt;em&gt;A cómo&lt;/em&gt; las naranjas? (Cardoza, &lt;em&gt;Guatemala&lt;/em&gt;); ¿&lt;em&gt;A cómo&lt;/em&gt; se cotizan? (Moreno-Durán, &lt;em&gt;Diana&lt;/em&gt;); ¿&lt;em&gt;A cómo&lt;/em&gt; amanecería esta mañana nuestro pesito de hojalata, mis valedores? (Mojarro, &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt;); ¿&lt;em&gt;A cómo&lt;/em&gt; está frente al dólar? (Quesada, &lt;em&gt;Banana&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Espanola. &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=OCwqAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;. Volumen 1. Espasa Calpe. 2009. pág. 1659.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T22:16:20.943" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T22:16:20.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="862" CreationDate="2011-12-06T15:14:30.373" Score="14" ViewCount="723" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English abbreviation &lt;em&gt;OP&lt;/em&gt; for the term &lt;em&gt;Original Poster&lt;/em&gt; is widely used over the internet. Do the abbreviation and/or the term have widely used equivalents in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T03:45:44.593" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent for &quot;OP&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="767" CreationDate="2011-12-06T21:12:04.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to expound on the 'Mejcanisimo' nature of the subject in my answer. I can tell that too many answers become contradictory in the end as the answers are taken from books written by Authors of differing opinions. This may be OK for someone who does not live the life of a Mexican every day on the border, which is to say that you cannot get any more Mexican than the border. Books are fine, however they completely fail to capture the true essence of the subject. The proper use in Mexican is that 'isimo' refers to the essence of something and expresses the degree of how you feel. 'Muchisimo Gracias' is a way of politely expressing thankfulness of a greater degree. It expresses a feeling and not particularly thought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hermano Gonzalo, you rely too much on grammatical rules taken from books and not from real life. Your word 'ciertisimo' may follow your books rule however, it is not a real word. The word Truth is truth in Spanish whether in Spain or Mexico and truth has no varying degree as lack of truth is a lie. That makes it a closed end statement or question, one where the question or statement is yes or no so truth cannot have differing degrees, sorry if I offend you. So when daily life does not hold true to books, is it not real? Books are written to educate and use as a guide, but the rules cannot be used in all real instances depending on the word and in the context of which it is used. Anything that is absolute in nature of context, cannot vary in any degree, therefore the correct rule of thumb would be to ascertain whether the word has a value of being absolute, if so, then it cannot be exponentially uncreased in any way, regardless of what any book says. Keep in mind that many books are written by linguistic majors who have learned from someone else's book and then write their own take on other's books. I do NOT own a single book on Spanish and only teach from verifiable usages through real life experience. So if I seem abrasive, forgive me I AM MEXICAN and can only give real life experience of over half a century of living on the border of Mexico and living the Mexican lifestyle in real-time. Hasta luego compadres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T21:12:53.083" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T21:12:53.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="791" CreationDate="2011-12-06T21:23:42.070" Score="4" ViewCount="1287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard the phrase &quot;desde ya&quot; used to mean &quot;in advance.&quot; Literally, it means &quot;since already.&quot; How is it understood to mean &quot;in advance,&quot; or is it simply an idiom with a nonsense literal meaning? Can the phrase mean anything else besides &quot;in advance&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-07T10:28:19.663" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T10:28:19.663" Title="Understanding &quot;desde ya&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="789" CreationDate="2011-12-06T21:39:18.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The DRAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desde ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Ahora mismo, inmediatamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the &amp;quot;official&amp;quot; meaning is &lt;em&gt;right now&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;immediately&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;desde ya&lt;/em&gt;, however, is used as a closing formula as in &lt;em&gt;desde ya, le quedo agradecido&lt;/em&gt; which would mean something like &lt;em&gt;from this moment I am thankful&lt;/em&gt; and could be translated (with some freedom) to the standard &lt;em&gt;thanks, in advance&lt;/em&gt;; this last use could explain why &lt;em&gt;desde ya&lt;/em&gt; can be sometimes understood as &lt;em&gt;in advance&lt;/em&gt;, although that is not its intended meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T21:39:18.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-12-06T21:41:10.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;what&quot;, but can also be interposed for &quot;which&quot;. The first example could easily be expressed as: &quot;Cuál libro prefieres?&quot; &quot;De qué color es su carro?&quot;  So both words can be interposed but with delicacy though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would though have to examine the subject of the sentence to decide. However generally speaking, &lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;what&quot; and &lt;code&gt;Cuál&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;which&quot; so you do have to be careful of the sentence structure as the adjective comes before the subject in Spanish as opposed to the opposite in sentence structure in English where the noun precedes the adjective, verb, or adverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence structure in Spanish generally is inverse to English so you first have to determine the nature of both the object and the subject of the sentence conjunctively in order to facilitate proper placement of complementary words which must be placed first in Spanish in order to either provide direction, or description. So, have at it and don't forget to think it out, before you whip it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T15:15:08.350" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T15:15:08.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="793" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="794" CreationDate="2011-12-06T22:20:07.807" Score="33" ViewCount="8554" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know it is rather rude to think of it this way and I don't want to offend anyone religiously, but being dead is usually thought of as a very permanent condition in the United States.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why does Spanish use the word 'estar' instead of 'ser' to indicate that condition? Is there some background to this in terms of religion or politeness?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I say 'Mi padre es muerto', would that have a drastically different meaning than if I had used estar, or is the first one just plain incorrect and should never be used at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T22:12:23.407" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T08:22:38.840" Title="Why is 'estar muerto' used instead of 'ser muerto'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2011-12-06T22:29:29.123" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although it is true that &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; usually indicates a non-permanent, temporary condition whereas &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; usually signals a permanent condition, you have to take into account that &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is normally used to express a condition resulting from a transformation, process or actual change, and &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is normally used when referring to an inherent characteristic, with no involvement of process, change or transformation; in other words, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; normally has the purpose of including the subject into a certain class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This explains why there are some adjectives that express a permanent condition but can only be combined with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;: this is so because they express the result of a change or transformation; &lt;em&gt;muerto&lt;/em&gt; is one of those adjectives, and another example is &lt;em&gt;roto&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;el vaso está roto&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;el vaso es roto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-06T22:44:14.577" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T22:44:14.577" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2011-12-06T22:41:34.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used to signify that they weren't &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; dead--that they were once alive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; is used to indicate a state of being--that they were always that way and always will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &lt;code&gt;es muerto&lt;/code&gt; is incorrect because they used to be alive.  Therefore, &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T22:41:34.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2011-12-06T22:46:38.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;While agreeing with Gonzalo Medina's explanation, I would like to add my rule of thumb for this one. &quot;Ser&quot; means that the property does not change for the object, while &quot;Estar&quot; means a transition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;él está muerto&quot; because he was alive before, but &quot;mi camiseta es verde&quot; because it will not change by itself(*1). In the case of &quot;verde&quot;, you can also say &quot;la manzana está aún verde&quot;, because while the T-shirt does not change by itself, the apple does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-07T10:21:45.767" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T10:21:45.767" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2011-12-06T23:10:31.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer is that while &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; defines the &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; defines its &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one defines &lt;em&gt;characteristics&lt;/em&gt;, the other one defines &lt;em&gt;conditions&lt;/em&gt;. The rule &quot;permanent&quot;, &quot;non permanent&quot; is a good rule, but a rule of thumb, so not always true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;John is tall — characteristic — &lt;em&gt;Juan es alto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;John is sick — condition — &lt;em&gt;Juan está enfermo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See more on this PPT document &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&amp;amp;q=cache%3ajKOSINyYoAMJ%3awww.gdn.edu/faculty/k_guffey/arriba_1001/1001_Power_Point/SER_and_ESTAR.ppt%20ser%20y%20estar%20contraste&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;gl=it&amp;amp;pid=bl&amp;amp;srcid=ADGEESj46ORsEYRBjs7VhURGdlSqn6CMy9XsHy5tp3nzKqQM_hRsb9qUpO0pBZEEqHVjXW4O4r9EFhJTc0qUeZyqA2p2VgMID-tJSiQuSMURqJ_JoCI2AIehXrd96q6tOIRHB2xZ2yA1&amp;amp;sig=AHIEtbStlG3rLpmycG7nzYRtxKHOQbfZ3w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ser and estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that gives some simple, yet interesting explanations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-06T23:41:51.417" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T23:41:51.417" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="798" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:09:30.487" Score="32" ViewCount="21144" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I tell whether I should be using Dentro vs. Adentro? I've read that they both mean 'inside' and looked at some examples, but I still can't always figure out which one to use. Are there any good rules to learn the difference, or examples that illustrate this difference particularly well? Also, is the word 'en' sometimes used to mean 'inside' as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como puedo saber si debería usar Dentro vs. Adentro? He leído que ambos significan 'inside' y visto algunos ejemplos, pero no siempre tengo claro cual usar. ¿Existen algunas buenas reglas para aprender la diferencia, o ejemplos que ilustren esta diferencia especialmente bien? Además, ¿la palabra 'en' también se usa a veces para decir 'inside'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T23:10:47.017" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T23:10:47.017" Title="What's the difference between &quot;dentro&quot; and &quot;adentro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:23:37.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy muerto&lt;/em&gt; is not incorrect, just not commonly used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Piensas tú que no soy muerto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por no ser todas de muerte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mis heridas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues sabe que puede, cierto,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  acabar lo menos fuerte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  muchas vidas;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     mas está en mi fe mi vida,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y mi fe está en el vivir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de quien me pena;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  así que de mi herida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo nunca puedo morir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sino de ajena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/A_la_fortuna_%28Jorge_Manrique%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A la fortuna&lt;/a&gt;, de Jorge Manrique (a &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; good poet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T21:55:40.617" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T21:55:40.617" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="798" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:37:26.823" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are adverbs of location and both can be translated as &lt;em&gt;inside&lt;/em&gt;, the difference is that &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; is used to express &lt;em&gt;in the interior, inside&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;adentro&lt;/em&gt; goes with verbs indicating movement and it is used to express &lt;em&gt;towards the interior&lt;/em&gt;. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dentro de mi corazón&lt;/em&gt; (inside my heart).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo llevé hacia adentro&lt;/em&gt; (I took it inside).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T00:37:26.823" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="798" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:40:23.570" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;strong&gt;dentro&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;adentro&lt;/strong&gt; mean &quot;inside&quot; but the latter is used with &lt;strong&gt;verbs of movement&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nos fuimos &lt;strong&gt;adentro&lt;/strong&gt;. —&gt; (The verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;ir&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to go&quot;; movement);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El perro está &lt;strong&gt;dentro&lt;/strong&gt; del coche. —&gt; (no movement involved).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the official reference here for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=dentro&quot;&gt;dentro&lt;/a&gt; and for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=adentro&quot;&gt;adentro&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it is said in the articles, in some parts of America, sometimes &quot;adentro&quot; is used when &quot;dentro&quot; should have been adopted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;En&quot; can also be used in the same way as &quot;in&quot; is used in English, so you can use &quot;en&quot; (but &quot;dentro&quot; emphasizes it more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro está &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T15:43:55.350" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T15:43:55.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="798" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:47:17.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the excellent answers given let me point out that &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; can also be used to denote the end of a period of time as seen from present: &lt;em&gt;llámame dentro de quince minutos.&lt;/em&gt; Which is roughly the same as &lt;em&gt;llámame en quince minutos&lt;/em&gt;, while there is no such exception for &lt;em&gt;adentro&lt;/em&gt; which is always location/movement-based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="265" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-07T02:14:17.410" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T02:14:17.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="798" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:55:01.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other answers: &lt;strong&gt;dentro&lt;/strong&gt; implies &lt;em&gt;inside&lt;/em&gt; in relation to a specific place (stated after the preposition &quot;de&quot; or by context).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El niño está &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; la casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi estuche está &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; la sala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Chile, &lt;strong&gt;adentro de&lt;/strong&gt; is very uncommon, this &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=dentro%20de,%20adentro%20de&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;dentro de&quot;/&quot;adentro de&quot; comparison&lt;/a&gt; also shows it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the rules for dentro/adentro can be used for fuera/afuera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-07T01:11:56.587" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T01:11:56.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="789" CreationDate="2011-12-07T09:56:48.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although Gonzalo's answer is excellent I have something to add about the meaning of &lt;em&gt;desde ya&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desde ya&lt;/strong&gt; literally means &lt;em&gt;from now&lt;/em&gt;, even if the intended meaning is almost always resumed into &lt;em&gt;this moment&lt;/em&gt; it is many times understood as &lt;em&gt;in advance&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally don't think that desde ya is always a closing formula. It can be used in other cases such as in a letter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desde ya&lt;/strong&gt;, hemos estado trabajando en el contrato del cual usted nos habló con anterioridad [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T09:56:48.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="808" CreationDate="2011-12-07T12:32:29.603" Score="6" ViewCount="534" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay so I suddenly have no idea how to say the imperative of saber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was my reasoning until arriving to a comical dead end:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ir = Ve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comer = Come&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser = Sé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saber = Se? Sabé? Sepe!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per answers the correct form is Sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sabe isn't used at all! People never use it! People rather say &amp;quot;Debes saber que...&amp;quot; or some other form. not like other verbs as ir &amp;quot;Ve ya.&amp;quot; Why is that??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T14:14:30.270" Title="What is the imperative without pronoun of 'Saber'? Why?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="810" CreationDate="2011-12-07T12:46:43.060" Score="7" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a multiple question about genders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I just wondered about this subject while writing and thought:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;juez&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;concejal&lt;/em&gt; considered masculine while &lt;em&gt;agente&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;detective&lt;/em&gt; are not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why aren't &lt;em&gt;ciclista&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dentista&lt;/em&gt; feminine but &lt;em&gt;modista&lt;/em&gt; is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DRAE accepts the gender distinctive even when it is not useful, so &lt;strong&gt;dentisto&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;modisto&lt;/strong&gt; are accepted (haha it's so ridiculous it makes me laugh). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance this is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi modisto arregló mi vestido mientras fui a mi dentisto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T12:27:52.923" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T12:27:52.923" Title="Gender illusions?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="805" CreationDate="2011-12-07T13:15:17.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperative forms of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tú: &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usted: &lt;em&gt;sepa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vosotros: &lt;em&gt;sabed&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ustedes: &lt;em&gt;sepan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second person &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt; seems strange to some people, but it is used:  in &lt;em&gt;Dias y Flores&lt;/em&gt; (a well know song by the Cuban Silvio Rodríguez) we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabe que dentro tengo un tesoro que me llega a la raíz...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(which it's sometimes misunderstood as &amp;quot;sabes que dentro tengo un tesoro...&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are those the imperative forms of the verb? Well, there's really nothing strange here; morphologically speaking, &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; is an example of a &lt;em&gt;model&lt;/em&gt; verb of the second conjugation, so its imperative forms are obtained according to the rules for model verbs of the second conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T17:36:17.227" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="805" CreationDate="2011-12-07T13:17:27.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, the imperative form doesn't change with or without pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=saber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugation of Spanish &lt;em&gt;Saber&lt;/em&gt; verb&lt;/a&gt;, you have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabe (tú)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sabé (vos)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sabed (vosotros)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sepan (ustedes)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And regarding singular second person, formal form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sepa (usted)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though these forms do exist, in real life they're not often used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To express the idea of imperative regarding verb &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, you should use instead, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tienes que saber cómo escribir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Debes saber cómo escribir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Te conviene saber cómo escribir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T14:14:30.270" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T14:14:30.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="805" CreationDate="2011-12-07T13:49:24.470" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think others have already explained the correct form of the imperative, but I want to point out that the imperative of &quot;saber&quot; is never used in practice in the second-person singular (&quot;sabe&quot;). In fact I never knew it even existed before reading this thread. You can use &quot;Que sepas que...&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="259" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T13:49:24.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="806" CreationDate="2011-12-07T15:53:01.923" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why aren't &lt;em&gt;ciclista&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dentista&lt;/em&gt; feminine but &lt;em&gt;modista&lt;/em&gt; is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentisto no es correcto en ningún caso, al igual que tampoco lo son electricisto, periodisto, pesimisto, populisto, sociolisto, catolicisto ni ciclisto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?TIPO_HTML=2&amp;amp;TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ista&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sufijo -ista&lt;/a&gt; se aplica para ambos géneros. La palabra &quot;modisto&quot; es un caso excepcional donde su uso intensivo incorrecto se popularizó de tal forma que se acabó aceptando, pero solo es una excepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The DRAE accepts the gender distinctive even when it is not useful, so&#xA;  dentisto and modisto are accepted (haha it's so ridiculous it makes me&#xA;  laugh).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For instance this is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi modisto arregló mi vestido mientras fui a mi dentisto.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que estás equivocado. Tal vez en algún sitio se diga &quot;dentisto&quot;, no te lo puedo negar, pero decir &quot;dentisto&quot; es incorrecto. Es una incorrección (que será de uso habitual en ciertos sitios) pero es como cuando yo cometo laísmo o leísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que un grupo de personas cometamos laísmo no significa que se permita el laísmo. Que un grupo de personas digan &quot;dentisto&quot; no significa que se permita dicha atrocidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="193" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T12:26:12.920" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T12:26:12.920" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15100" CreationDate="2011-12-07T16:31:12.237" Score="15" ViewCount="9948" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/789/understanding-desde-ya&quot;&gt;Esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; me recuerda a una frase similar, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;desde luego&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que no es eso literalmente, sino que significa &quot;por supuesto&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=luego&amp;amp;val_aux=desde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luego.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;desde ~.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/em&gt; Ciertamente, indudablemente, sin duda alguna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. adv. p. us.&lt;/em&gt; Inmediatamente, sin tardanza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien podría explicar cómo ha obtenido este signficado la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/789/understanding-desde-ya&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; reminds me of a similar phrase, &lt;strong&gt;desde luego&lt;/strong&gt;, which literally means &quot;since later&quot; but actually means &quot;of course&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=luego&amp;amp;val_aux=desde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to RAE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luego.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;desde ~.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/em&gt; Ciertamente, indudablemente, sin duda alguna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. adv. p. us.&lt;/em&gt; Inmediatamente, sin tardanza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone explain me how this phrase gained its current meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T11:03:33.610" Title="&quot;Desde luego&quot; meaning and etymology" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="813" CreationDate="2011-12-07T17:06:52.583" Score="9" ViewCount="1784" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker it's natural for me to know how a word is separated in its constituent syllables. But I want to know if there are any established rules to know how a word is separated into its syllables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;camión = ca-mión &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sol = sol &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cielo = cie-lo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T15:52:48.743" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T16:09:42.040" Title="Rules applied to the separation of syllables" Tags="&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="812" CreationDate="2011-12-07T18:09:12.467" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100865/syllables-how-to-divide-a-word-in-spanish-by-lazarus&quot;&gt;interesting guide&lt;/a&gt; I found on Spanishdict.com. I'll try to sum up the content here for easy reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diphthongs&lt;/strong&gt; are considered as a single syllable&lt;/em&gt;. They are formed by joining a closed vowel (i, u) with an open vowel (a, e, o). «&lt;em&gt;The possible combinations are ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou, ia, ie, io, ua, ue, uo, iu and ui.&lt;/em&gt;»; the &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; makes no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hiatus&lt;/strong&gt; is considered as two syllables (two vowels)&lt;/em&gt;. Two open vowels together are called &lt;em&gt;hiatus&lt;/em&gt;. An open vowel and a closed vowel make a hiatus, if the closed vowel has a tilde. «&lt;em&gt;(e.g. ía, eí)&lt;/em&gt;»; the &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; makes no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;triphthong&lt;/strong&gt; is a single syllable with 3 vowels&lt;/em&gt;. The middle one must always be an open vowel, and the other two must be unstressed closed vowels «&lt;em&gt;(otherwise, it will be a vowel plus a diphthong)&lt;/em&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&quot;U&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in &quot;qu&quot; and &quot;gu&quot; before -i and -e are not considered vowels.&lt;/em&gt; If you want the u to be pronounced, you must use the dieresis: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Guerra&quot;&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;&quot;Lingüística&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Note: the dieresis can only appear in the &quot;gu&quot; syllable, not in the &quot;qu&quot; one. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The letter &lt;strong&gt;&quot;H&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is completely ignored when counting syllables&lt;/em&gt;*.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The digraphs &lt;strong&gt;ch, ll, rr, qu and gu (before e and i)&lt;/strong&gt; form a single syllable.&lt;/em&gt; However, the rr is split if it is clear from its etymology, as in inter-relacionado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consonants between vowels&lt;/strong&gt; always belong to the second one.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The consonants &lt;strong&gt;(b, c, d, f, g, k, p, t)&lt;/strong&gt; followed by R or L are not divisible.&lt;/em&gt; Plus «&lt;em&gt;The exceptions to this rule are words with prefixes, such as At-lán-ti-co, sub-li-mi-nal, which are also pronounced separately. Also, the sequences tl and dl are separated or not depending on the country, but they are generally split&lt;/em&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Any other two consecutive consonants not mentioned so far, will belong to two different syllables (e.g. ac-ción), unless they are at the beginning of a word (e.g. psi-có-lo-go)».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;When three consonants appear together, the last one will belong to a different syllable, unless it is an r or an s (e.g. ins-truir)&lt;/em&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: the parts between « » (parts in point 1, 2, 3, 8 and points 9, and 10 are directly quoted from the site, i.e. copy-pasted.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I found this &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poemas-del-alma.com/silabas.php&quot;&gt;Silabeitor&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Enter the word with correct tilde and it will divide it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T16:09:42.040" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T16:09:42.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="833" CreationDate="2011-12-07T21:33:35.353" Score="10" ViewCount="1549" Body="&lt;p&gt;First the context. There are two similar words that cannot be confused:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Millar&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Conjunto de mil unidades&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; Set of one thousand elements.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Millón&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Mil millares&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; One million.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a couple of times the word &lt;em&gt;millar&lt;/em&gt; used when &lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt; should be used, I think because the former is less used since there are other ways to express its meaning, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Millares&lt;/strong&gt; de personas salieron a las calles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Miles&lt;/strong&gt; de personas salieron a las calles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thousands of people marched on the streets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it advisable to use &lt;em&gt;miles&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;millares&lt;/em&gt; to avoid confusion, or is their difference actually understood among Spanish speaking people?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-07T21:42:40.110" LastActivityDate="2021-05-12T02:15:32.270" Title="Usage of &quot;millar&quot; vs &quot;millón&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="824" CreationDate="2011-12-07T22:16:05.750" Score="10" ViewCount="14238" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most universally-used greeting when answering the phone (i.e. way to say, &quot;Hello?&quot;)? Are there any circumstances where the greeting would be different (for example, when answering a phone call where you already know who is calling)? What regional differences are there in this area from country to country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T13:36:52.053" Title="What is the most common way to answer the phone?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;conversación-telefónica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="830" CreationDate="2011-12-07T22:22:07.533" Score="5" ViewCount="1793" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/815/what-is-the-most-common-way-to-answer-the-phone&quot;&gt;my other question&lt;/a&gt;, what is the most universal way of ending a phone call in Spanish (the last thing you'd say after ending your conversation before hanging up)? In English, we'd say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ok, bye.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See ya.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great, talk to you later.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What options are there in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T15:43:10.967" Title="What is the most common way to end a phone call?" Tags="&lt;conversación-telefónica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="820" CreationDate="2011-12-07T22:31:20.773" Score="6" ViewCount="591" Body="&lt;p&gt;In linguistics, the term &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-channel#In_linguistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;backchannel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used to describe the short words or sounds a listener makes during a conversation to acknowledge what the speaker is saying and make known that he is still paying attention. For example, in English this would include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mm-hmm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yeah&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wow!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definitely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Really?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ok&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the most common listener responses like this in Spanish? What situations is each used in (for example, agreement, acknowledgement, surprise)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T12:24:44.267" Title="Backchannels (listener responses) in Spanish" Tags="&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="866" CreationDate="2011-12-07T22:39:13.707" Score="4" ViewCount="22199" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we use the phrases &quot;young man&quot; and &quot;young woman&quot; to refer to a person (usually an adolescent) who is older than a &quot;boy&quot; or &quot;girl&quot; but younger than an &quot;adult.&quot; It generally indicates respect towards that person, deciding to treat them as mature rather than childish. It can also be used (somewhat jokingly) out of respect for older people, treating them as young rather than old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any equivalent in Spanish that conveys either of those two senses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:10:45.423" Title="Translating &quot;young man&quot; and &quot;young woman&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="816" CreationDate="2011-12-07T23:26:07.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina I most commonly heard people ending a phone call with &lt;strong&gt;'Chau'&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Usually in English we repeat goodbye a few times before we end a call like, &lt;strong&gt;'Ok then, ok bye, ok see you'&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I heard the same sort of thing in Argentina, &lt;strong&gt;'Bueno chau, besos, ok dale, chau chau'&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T14:21:43.200" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T14:21:43.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="817" CreationDate="2011-12-07T23:33:08.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish people also make the noises we do in these situations, eg ahh, mm-hmm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words someone might use in the situation you mentions are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ok&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En serio?! (Really?!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bueno (Ok)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale (Ok then, as in like, ok then do that)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wow (wau, uau, however you want to spell it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T23:33:08.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="815" CreationDate="2011-12-07T23:34:40.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a page with some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learn-spanish-smart.com/polite-phone-spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;polite language on the phone in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;¿Bueno?&quot; you see at the beginning is maybe understood by any Spanish speaker, but it seems it's mostly used in Mexico. In other Latin American countries they say &quot;¿Aló?&quot;. In Spain they use &quot;¿Dígame?&quot; or ¿Diga?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T11:13:05.740" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T11:13:05.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="94" CreationDate="2011-12-07T23:53:58.740" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; explains that there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;two major types of &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverential &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: archaic and ceremonial usage. Spanish speakers in the Americas are familiar with this type of &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; from historic and religious texts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;American dialectal &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: the different forms of &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; from the Spanish dialects of the Americas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; provides a detailed explanation of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=voseo#23&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;regional variants&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) and includes a &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=voseo#243d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; conjugation table&lt;/a&gt; by country and tense for the verbs &lt;em&gt;cantar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;vivir&lt;/em&gt; . Wikipedia explains the regional differences in the use of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt; under the present subjunctive for the irregular verbs &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mentir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ríoplatense region (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay), informal&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ríoplatense region (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay), formal&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;duermas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mientas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile, Southern Perú (especially Arequipa), Northwestern Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantí(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comái(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivái(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmái(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintái(s)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Western and Southern Bolivia (&lt;em&gt;colla&lt;/em&gt; zone)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;duermas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mientas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Northern and Eastern Bolivia (&lt;em&gt;camba&lt;/em&gt; zone)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Northern Ecuadorian Coast (Esmeraldas)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ecuadorian Sierra (Andes), parts of Northern Peru&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;duermas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mientas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Colombia (&lt;em&gt;paisa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;valluno&lt;/em&gt; dialects, Pacific coast), Venezuela (Andes)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;duermas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mientas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panama (Azuero), Venezuela (Zulia), reverential&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;canteís&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comáis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;viváis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmáis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintáis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mexico (Chiapas and Tabasco)&lt;/strong&gt; (rare): &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eastern Cuba&lt;/strong&gt; (rare): &lt;em&gt;cantés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;durmás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mintás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T13:51:27.853" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T13:51:27.853" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="814" CreationDate="2011-12-08T00:25:40.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think both mean the same: several thousands. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;em&gt;miles&lt;/em&gt; is more used because it is shorter and it cannot be confused with &lt;em&gt;millones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T00:25:40.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="815" CreationDate="2011-12-08T00:29:36.050" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complementing Alenanno's answer, I summarized this &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1966469&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference thread&lt;/a&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Bueno?: Mexico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sí?: Mexico, Spain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Aló?: Colombia, Chile, Peru, Costa Rica, Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hola: Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Diga?: Spain, Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dígame?: Spain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Oigo?, ¿Dígame?: Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="1469" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T13:36:52.053" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T13:36:52.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="818" CreationDate="2011-12-08T00:46:22.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word I was taught for &quot;young man&quot; was &quot;joven.&quot; I would guess (but don't know) that there would probably be some equivalent for &quot;young woman.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T09:06:24.417" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T09:06:24.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="818" CreationDate="2011-12-08T00:52:32.403" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt; (for a young man or woman) is neutral enough and convey both senses you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option could be &lt;em&gt;jovencito/jovencita&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt; implies more maturity than &lt;em&gt;jovencito/jovencita&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A third option for a young woman could be &lt;em&gt;señorita&lt;/em&gt;, but this term can be considered sexist in some regions and old fashioned in others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T20:19:32.987" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T20:19:32.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="831" CreationDate="2011-12-08T02:01:05.603" Score="42" ViewCount="252307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen all of these used to mean 'pretty', although 'hermosa' seems to mean beautiful and 'guapa' seems to mean handsome. Are there any subtle differences them? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in English being beautiful is a much higher compliment than being pretty.  Do these words have different levels of praise to them as well? Can &lt;em&gt;guapa&lt;/em&gt; be used for females as well as males? How can I learn which one to choose for a given situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-05T13:26:26.523" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T23:27:14.887" Title="Bonita, linda, hermosa, bella, and guapa: what's the difference?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="21" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2011-12-08T02:36:44.000" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My quick take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bonita: pretty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linda: pretty (commonly used in Latin America but not in Spain)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hermosa: beautiful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bella: pretty (between bonita and hermosa)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guapa: handsome (a handsome man can be called &quot;guapo&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is really hard to advise you on which ones to use. It depends on too many things. Are you making a compliment or are you talking to your friends about her? Social standing, country, etc., all factor in to word choice.  Just listen to the people around you. Then try some words and observe the reactions. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am not a native speaker of either Spanish or English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="307" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-03T00:36:35.247" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T00:36:35.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="817" CreationDate="2011-12-08T04:20:30.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can think of several that I use personally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En serio? (Seriously?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ajá (Indicating that I'm still paying attention)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wow (Same as in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OK (Same as in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No jodás! (&quot;Get out of here&quot; would be the equivalent in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T04:20:30.960" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="816" CreationDate="2011-12-08T04:35:33.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chao (Bye - &lt;em&gt;Chau&lt;/em&gt; is most common in Argentina, as user1074377 pointed out. Chao, I believe, is the most universal one.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bye, cuídate (Bye, take care)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bueno, saludos (Ok, regards).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If talking to a very good friend, I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bueno, un abrazo (Ok, hugs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T04:35:33.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2011-12-08T09:04:47.317" Score="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to make a comprehensive answer on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, Guapa(o), Hermosa(o), Linda(o), Bonita(o), Bella(o) are all synonyms to some extent, so one can be used in the place of the other &lt;strong&gt;most&lt;/strong&gt; of the time. Although some are more appropriate than others depending on context, read further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, let's define all of these terms according to the RAE, this alone may help you see the subtle differences between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=bonita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bonito1.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del b. lat. boniton).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Pez teleósteo comestible, parecido al atún, pero más pequeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ver artículo enmendado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;bonito2, ta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del dim. de bueno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. grande (‖ que supera a lo común). Tiene un bonito mayorazgo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Lindo, agraciado de cierta proporción y belleza.&#xA;  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=bella&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bello, lla.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. bellus).&#xA;  1. adj. Que tiene belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Bueno, excelente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;□ V. arte bella bellas letras bello sexo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=linda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lindo, da.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. legitĭmus, completo, perfecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Hermoso, bello, grato a la vista.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perfecto, primoroso y exquisito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Hombre afeminado, que presume de hermoso y cuida demasiado de su compostura y aseo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lindo don Diego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. lindo (‖ hombre que presume de hermoso).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de lo ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. Lindamente, con gran primor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. Mucho o con exceso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;□ V. linda pesca linda pieza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=hermosa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hermoso, sa.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. formōsus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dotado de hermosura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Grandioso, excelente y perfecto en su línea.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Despejado, apacible y sereno. ¡Hermoso día!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de un niño: Robusto, saludable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=guapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guapo, pa.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. vappa, vino estropeado, hombre vil, vagabundo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Bien parecido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Animoso, bizarro y resuelto, que desprecia los peligros y los acomete. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Ostentoso, galán y lucido en el modo de vestir y presentarse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. U. en vocativo, vacío de significado, como expresión de cariño, a veces con retintín o con tono de irritación. Cállate un&#xA;  poquito, guapo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Hombre pendenciero y perdonavidas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. En estilo picaresco, galán que festeja a una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. pl. vulg. Prendas que se ponen en días de fiestas y ocasiones muy señaladas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ y apoyado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. coloq. Ven. Dicho de una persona: Que tiene respaldo de los gobernantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that we defined those terms we can see that bonito is also a kind of fish, that lindo is also a man with female mannerisms or that guapo can be clothing or a vain guy who lies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask if &lt;strong&gt;guapa&lt;/strong&gt; can be used for both males and females, well &lt;strong&gt;guapa&lt;/strong&gt; is inherently applied to females, but if you want to apply it to males you have to say &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt;. Guapa(o) is, most of the time, used for young people and especially for men (i.e., the masculine form &lt;strong&gt;guapo,&lt;/strong&gt; at least in some regions). Guapa can be used for females and it isn't considered weird or uncommon, but &lt;strong&gt;bonita&lt;/strong&gt; for females is preferred over &lt;strong&gt;guapa&lt;/strong&gt;, just as &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt; is preferred over &lt;strong&gt;bonito&lt;/strong&gt; for males. Guapa(o) can be used for someone that you wouldn't really treat formally even if you don't know the person. If you are young and she/he is young, too, you would seldom treat this person as usted, therefore there's no need to use a word more formal than guapo. Guapo is almost never used to describe a thing, except if you are teasing. (Please note that in many regions of Spain, guapo is used to describe something that is cool, nice or awesome. Nonetheless, in Latin America, it is mostly used for people.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if the person you are describing or addressing is someone that you would treat formally such as an old person, or a 'respected' person, it might be better to use &lt;strong&gt;bello&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;bonito&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;lindo&lt;/strong&gt;.  Keep in mind that &lt;strong&gt;bello&lt;/strong&gt; is more often used in literary works and grandiloquent expressions, or by someone who wants to show off his vocabulary skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hermoso&lt;/strong&gt; is sometimes used to describe someone but more often used to describe something in nature, a passage or something that is very majestic, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22strait+of+gibraltar%22%22national+geographic%22&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;tbs=rimg:CUbGxa5Iofi4Ijit2e7aRKAnSGfeYaTfvkQiUclYxynnA4ZKk2AeU0Z3R1h1PD1CFeA2d1oNPiXdo6vlvUTmrRZgmCoSCa3Z7tpEoCdIEfqiulTwPOVnKhIJZ95hpN--RCIRJa3GZsA_1CLQqEglRyVjHKecDhhHkoHKts2RcuSoSCUqTYB5TRndHEcbf_1rsV4QBSKhIJWHU8PUIV4DYRqzds13ybkNAqEgl3Wg0-Jd2jqxGEx5RW7urweCoSCeW9ROatFmCYETwGzwGYt_12S&amp;amp;tbo=u&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwi63YGOy-TgAhUBvJ4KHY4xAQkQ9C96BAgBEBs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these images here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Even so, you will find that some apply the word to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=hermoso&amp;amp;rlz=1C1GCEA_enUS795US799&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi3pNjCy-TgAhWGrJ4KHcnOCRkQ_AUIESgE&amp;amp;biw=1449&amp;amp;bih=809&amp;amp;dpr=1.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;other things&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as well. The RAE definition for hermoso also includes one that is specifically used for children (see hermoso, meaning #4 above).  Translated into English, it basically means that hermoso can be used to describe a healthy-looking child, and, as a native speaker, I can attest that this word is widely used in this context.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a more general word &lt;strong&gt;lindo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;bonito&lt;/strong&gt; is what you are looking for. Both words can be used in any context, to describe a person, young or old, formal or informal, to describe things or anything you can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: I am a native speaker and this is based mostly on experience with a grain of opinion. From region to region, you will find differences in usage and meaning. &#xA; I will admit that I don't know all those in existence, especially those found in Central America, the Philippines and Equatorial Guinea, but my knowledge of what these words mean and how they are used do apply to other regions to some degree.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-03T00:16:43.663" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T00:16:43.663" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="818" CreationDate="2011-12-08T11:12:33.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen &lt;em&gt;hombrecito&lt;/em&gt; around but I haven't found any reference to back it up; perhaps some native speaker can confirm or not this term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in any case, it's used for some young kids by older people and not to talk to older people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T11:12:33.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="814" CreationDate="2011-12-08T13:40:27.560" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native Spanish speakers know the difference between a &quot;millar&quot; and a &quot;millón&quot;; it's a common word, so you shouldn't use one or another for fear of confusion (except perhaps if the chance of mishearing is high: in a factory with loud noise or when speaking through a mobile phone with poor reception). No problem at all in a written medium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About what you should use, theoretically both could be used interchangeably. I would say, and please notice that this is a subjective opinion, that &quot;millares&quot; is a more learned, even a bit snobbish word; I wouldn't use it in everyday language, except if I wanted to give emphasis to the idea of a big number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say &quot;millares&quot; is more common in written media, but again, you could use both mostly interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="316" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-05-05T07:42:08.667" LastActivityDate="2020-05-05T07:42:08.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="835" CreationDate="2011-12-08T14:22:01.453" Score="10" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Romance languages, compound words are much rarer than in Germanic language such as English, but they do exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My favourite kind of word formation in Spanish is the one that results in words such as &lt;em&gt;abrebotellas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;espantapájaros&lt;/em&gt; which are made by compounding a verb in the third person present singular indicative with a plural noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But are there other kinds of compound words in Spanish? I'm sure there are but after wracking my brain all I could come up with was &lt;em&gt;quemarropa&lt;/em&gt; which is about as close as you can get to the kind I just described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do other kinds of compound exist in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm not looking for a complete list, just a yes no answer with either a couple of examples or link or reference with further reading.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T10:48:04.897" Title="Do compounds exist in Spanish which are not nouns or are nouns other than than of the form (3ps verb + pl noun)?" Tags="&lt;morfología&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="834" CreationDate="2011-12-08T14:47:21.580" Score="12" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Yes.&lt;/h2&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm listing a few examples from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.maritacazapalabras.com.ar/palabras_compuestas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link (Palabras compuestas)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noun + noun = noun&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=mapamundi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapamundi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noun + adjective = noun &amp;amp; adjective&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pelirrojo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelirrojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjective + noun = noun&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mediod%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mediodía&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verb + verb = noun&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=tejemaneje&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tejemaneje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verb + pronoun + verb = noun&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=hazmerre%C3%ADr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hazmerreír&lt;/a&gt; (more triple combinations &lt;a href=&quot;http://lengua.laguia2000.com/gramatica/composicion-de-palabras&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Wikipedia article &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composici%C3%B3n_%28ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Composición (lingüística)&lt;/a&gt; also has more examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T08:40:29.693" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T08:40:29.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="836" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="838" CreationDate="2011-12-08T14:50:14.040" Score="21" ViewCount="3997" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English polite form of address is &quot;You&quot; which is second person singular and plural. In Russian it is &quot;Вы&quot; which is plural second person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (and probably French and Italian) polite address is the third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="317" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2019-06-30T11:52:54.790" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T11:54:47.260" Title="Why is &quot;Usted&quot; grammatically a third person?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="834" CreationDate="2011-12-08T15:24:58.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some used in Colombia: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cogeculos: Some situations become a &lt;em&gt;cogeculos&lt;/em&gt; when they get out of control. For example: &lt;code&gt;Se armó un cogeculos tremendo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/26850-llavear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chiflamicas&lt;/a&gt;: A really bad musician. I believe it's the composition of &lt;em&gt;chiflar/silbar&lt;/em&gt; (whistle) and micas (&lt;em&gt;mico&lt;/em&gt;, perhaps?) Couldn't find anything on Google that would explain how the word came into existence but definitely looks like a composition of 2 words.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=otros%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Otrosí&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=dondequiera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dondequiera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/vida-de-hoy/educacion/consejos-para-mejorar-su-ortografia_10927579-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Decimoprimero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T20:46:49.310" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T20:46:49.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="836" CreationDate="2011-12-08T15:25:10.673" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;Vuestra Merced&lt;/em&gt; (later &lt;em&gt;Vuesarced&lt;/em&gt;), meaning &amp;quot;Your Grace&amp;quot;. Since this was an indirect way of addressing someone, it was inflected in the third person. That is, strictly speaking, you are not addressing the person, but &amp;quot;Their Grace&amp;quot;. As time went on, the person inflection was kept, even though its origins became opaque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a study entitled &lt;a href=&quot;http://elies.rediris.es/elies22/cap73.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El desarrollo de las variantes de vuestra merced a usted&lt;/a&gt;, the author shows how this form of treatment developed in the 14th century. Some of its early recorded uses are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) &amp;quot;Señor,&amp;quot; dixo el, &amp;quot;yo vos lo dire: &amp;quot;Este preso que se agora partio delante la &lt;em&gt;vuestra merçed&lt;/em&gt;, es mi amigo, e fuemos criados en vno [&lt;em&gt;Zifar&lt;/em&gt;, 31.9]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) E un día el caballero dixo: &amp;quot;Señora, ¡oh qué fermosa sortija tiene &lt;em&gt;vuestra merçed&lt;/em&gt; con tan fermoso diamante! Pero, señora, ¿quién uno vos presentase que valiese más que diez, &lt;em&gt;vuestra merçed&lt;/em&gt; amar podría a tal ombre? [&lt;em&gt;Corbacho&lt;/em&gt;, 146]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) E quando vieron que el non los queria oyr, preguntaronle assi: -Sennor, pues &lt;em&gt;vuestra merçed&lt;/em&gt; sabe que vuestros enemigos que estan a ocho leguas de aqui, e vos non los queredes aqui atender en esta vuestra muy noble çibdad de Burgos [Pedro I, 148.54b]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="318" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T10:49:45.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="841" CreationDate="2011-12-08T19:26:39.500" Score="10" ViewCount="2018" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always found peculiar that the phrase &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; is synonymous of the verb &lt;em&gt;extrañar&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te echaré de menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is equivalent to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te extrañaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on TV, its use is most common is Mexico and Spain, nevertheless appears sporadically in dialects from other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the etymology of &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In which dialects is &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; commonly used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha parecido peculiar la frase &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo del verbo &lt;em&gt;extrañar&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te echaré de menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te extrañaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basado en la televisión, su uso parece ser más común en México y España, sin embargo aparece esporádicamente en dialectos de otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En cuáles dialectos es común el uso de &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-09T11:11:57.717" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T11:11:57.717" Title="Origin and use of &quot;echar de menos&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="839" CreationDate="2011-12-08T19:51:29.503" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que nos viene de la expresión portuguesa &lt;em&gt;achar menos&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo primer elemento tiene el mismo origen etimológico de nuestro &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Achar menos&lt;/em&gt; inidicaba la falta de algo o alguien. La forma castellana &lt;em&gt;hallar menos&lt;/em&gt; se documenta a partir del siglo XIII y subsiste hasta comienzos del XVII. A partir del siglo XVI aparece un &lt;em&gt;echar menos&lt;/em&gt;, por castellanización o erróneo entendimiento del portugués &lt;em&gt;achar&lt;/em&gt;. En el siglo XVIII, &lt;em&gt;echar menos&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt;, con un &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; que Corominas, atribuye a influjo de construcciones como &lt;em&gt;echar de ver&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;echar una libra de más&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto está tomado casi literalemte del excelente artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanismo.org/portugal/9162-influencias-portuguesas-en-el-castellano.html&quot;&gt;Influencias portuguesas en el castellano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; es más utilizada en España, aunque se entiende en todo el ámbito hispanoparlante; en Latino América es más común usar &lt;em&gt;extrañar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T19:51:29.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="839" CreationDate="2011-12-08T19:52:36.103" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; proviene del portugués &lt;em&gt;achar menos&lt;/em&gt; (hallar menos) según &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=echar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rescato algunas oraciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanismo.org/portugal/9162-influencias-portuguesas-en-el-castellano.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; que reafirman la versión de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Achar menos» en Portugal y «hallar menos» en Castilla coexistieron para indicar la falta de algo o alguien anteriormente dado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya a partir del XVI aparece un «echar menos», con castellanización o erróneo entendimiento del portugués «achar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVIII, este «echar menos» se convierte en «echar de menos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=echar%28se%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;echar menos&lt;/em&gt; (sin el &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;) está en desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos en Chile &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; es bastante común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T19:52:36.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="843" CreationDate="2011-12-08T20:33:11.237" Score="9" ViewCount="1370" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when you quote text or speech that you know has nonstandard usage, such as misspellings or nonstandard grammar, it is typical to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/28935/9983&quot;&gt;'(sic)'&lt;/a&gt; to indicate that you &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; what you're quoting is wrong, but that you're doing it intentionally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;sic /sik; Eng. sɪk/&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;adverb&lt;/strong&gt; Latin&lt;/em&gt; .&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  so; thus: usually written parenthetically to denote that a word, phrase, passage, etc., that may appear strange or incorrect has been written intentionally or has been quoted verbatim: &lt;em&gt;He signed his name as e. e. cummings  (sic)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is Latin in origin, I can imagine the same would be used in Spanish, but is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T13:45:30.487" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent for '(sic)'?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="842" CreationDate="2011-12-08T20:38:44.970" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;sic&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;(sic)&lt;/em&gt; is also used in Spanish. From &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=sic&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sic.&#xA;  (Del lat. sic, así).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. U. en impresos y manuscritos españoles, por lo general entre paréntesis, para dar a entender que una palabra o frase empleada en ellos, y que pudiera parecer inexacta, es textual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T20:38:44.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="846" CreationDate="2011-12-08T22:51:34.090" Score="6" ViewCount="7199" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo una frase de inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Instructions are available in both English and Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La estructura que me parece más natural para este uso de &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;tanto ... como ...&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las instrucciones están disponibles tanto en inglés como en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tengo razón en creer que así lleva cierta connotación de &quot;Claro que están en castellano, pero la versión inglesa es un plus&quot;? O sea, ¿cambia el significado si pongo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las instrucciones están disponibles tanto en castellano como en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefiero poner el castellano primero en la traducción castellana porque es lo que más interesa a los hispanohablantes, pero no quiero dar la impresión de que es una opción inferior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T11:00:10.960" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T11:00:10.960" Title="Tanto X como Y - ¿importa el orden?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="39" CreationDate="2011-12-08T23:06:45.207" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original &quot;translation&quot; by María Grever (which appeared on the sheet music back in the '30s, along with Cole Porter's English lyrics) doesn't have all that much to do with the English lyrics. Lyrics websites being generally pretty horrible I don't want to link to one, but you can find them by searching for something like &lt;code&gt;Jorge-Negrete Begin-the-beguine&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The version you've come across appears to be the &quot;new&quot; (1981) &quot;translation&quot; by Julio Iglesias which also has little to do with the English lyrics, apart from containing the English title twice. However, every stanza ends with either &lt;em&gt;Quiero volver a empezar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Para volver a empezar&lt;/em&gt;, so it's a logical title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether the origin was Julio Iglesias' misunderstanding of Cole Porter's lyrics or a deliberate play on words is something which you'd have to ask him (or find discussed in an interview), and even then I don't know how you'd know whether he was telling the truth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorUserId="278" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T15:13:09.420" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T15:13:09.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="844" CreationDate="2011-12-08T23:10:56.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say that they have the same meaning, the order in this case doesn't affect it because you're equalling both terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe if you were comparing people and you were one of them, &amp;quot;yourself&amp;quot; should be used in the last place because there's a proverb which says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El burro delante para que no se espante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means that it's impolite to name in enumerations the others before yourself like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la casa estábamos yo, Pedro y María. [not an error but impolite]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la casa estábamos Pedro, María y yo. [polite]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not exactly an enumeration but probably it could also applied to &amp;quot;tanto .. como&amp;quot; so you should use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tanto ella como yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it would be the same as saying &amp;quot;tanto yo como ella&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T00:05:30.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="850" CreationDate="2011-12-09T06:44:21.830" Score="12" ViewCount="10476" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the conjunction &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; both with and without an accent mark.  What are the rules for when the accent ought to be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T11:06:58.553" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T18:52:37.770" Title="When to use 'o' and 'ó'" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="853" CreationDate="2011-12-09T06:49:20.730" Score="5" ViewCount="736" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I heard &lt;em&gt;Under Pressure&lt;/em&gt; by Queen on the radio. After the song, the DJ announced the song as &lt;em&gt;Alta Presión&lt;/em&gt;.  That sounds more to me like &quot;High Pressure&quot; than &quot;Under Pressure.&quot;  I would have translated &quot;Under Pressure&quot; as something more like &lt;em&gt;Bajo Presión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are my translation skills really that bad?  Or is &lt;em&gt;Alta Presión&lt;/em&gt; an idiomatic expression that translates more closely to &lt;em&gt;Under Pressure&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T11:03:40.367" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:25:31.833" Title="Translation of &quot;Under Pressure&quot; -- Queen song title" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="849" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="851" CreationDate="2011-12-09T06:55:57.990" Score="26" ViewCount="16016" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay, so I didn't really &lt;em&gt;forget&lt;/em&gt; how to say it... I just wanted a clever question title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish class I was taught that &lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt; is reflexive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me olvidé (de la cita).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me olvidé (las llaves).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate agrees with this translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tonight, a friend of mine (a native Mexican Spanish speaker) told me that sounded awkward, and suggested simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Olvidé (de la cita).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Olvidé (las llaves).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also suggested that a more correct way of saying &lt;em&gt;I forgot&lt;/em&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me olvidó (de la cita).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se me olvidaron (las llaves).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with the similar forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me han olvidado... &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;I have forgotten...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No se te olvide... &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;(You) Don't forget...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are all of these forms considered &quot;correct&quot;?  Is there a preferred form for &quot;I forgot&quot; or &quot;I have forgotten&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that my question is about the &lt;em&gt;verb form&lt;/em&gt; to use (reflexive, versus non-reflexive, versus passive). I &lt;em&gt;hope&lt;/em&gt; the rest of my sample questions are correct, but if they are not, please edit them to be grammatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T21:13:33.183" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T03:13:09.930" Title="I forgot how to say &quot;I forgot&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="847" CreationDate="2011-12-09T08:23:17.863" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;After the last edition of the &amp;quot;Gramática Española&amp;quot; &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; never has an accent mark. Until now the accent was used when &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; was between numbers (so it can't be confused with a 0).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/$File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#novOrto6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE, nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Supresión de la tilde diacrítica en la conjunción disyuntiva o escrita entre cifras&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hasta ahora se venía recomendando escribir con tilde la conjunción disyuntiva o cuando aparecía entre dos cifras, a fin de evitar que pudiera confundirse con el cero. Este uso de la tilde diacrítica no está justificado desde el punto de vista prosódico, puesto que la conjunción o es átona (se pronuncia sin acento) y tampoco se justifica desde el punto de vista gráfico, ya que tanto en la escritura mecánica como en la manual los espacios en blanco a ambos lados de la conjunción y su diferente forma y menor altura que el cero evitan suficientemente que ambos signos puedan confundirse (1 o 2, frente a 102). Por lo tanto, a partir de este momento, la conjunción o se escribirá siempre sin tilde, como corresponde a su condición de palabra monosílaba átona, con independencia de que aparezca entre palabras, cifras o signos: ¿Quieres té o café?; Terminaré dentro de 3 o 4 días; Escriba los signos + o – en la casilla correspondiente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T08:50:30.493" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="849" CreationDate="2011-12-09T10:35:53.150" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;W...wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olvidar works like forget in English. The one doing the forgetting is the subject and the forgotten thing is the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo olvidé mi cita. Yo olvidé mis llaves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the verb must match in form the one doing the forgetting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you are also seeing examples of passive construction with &quot;se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me olvidó la cita. Se me olvidaron las llaves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;se&quot; to construct passive sentences. These are roughly equivalent (but better sounding) to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cita fue olvidada por mi. Las llaves fueron olvidadas por mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the conjugation matches in person/number the one in &quot;se me...&quot;; the number is that of the thing being forgotten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A further example of &quot;se&quot; passive construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He gastado todas las balas -&gt; Se me han gastado todas las balas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one should you use? Well, I think it's a matter of emphasis. Changing to a passive form emphasizes more the object. Full on passive forms are often clumsier, wordier and less natural (compare &quot;la cita fue olvidada por mi&quot; to &quot;se me olvidó la cita&quot;), and thus the &quot;se&quot; form often sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for instance, let's say you want to say &quot;you forgot to bring the wine&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I wanted to blame you, I could say something like &quot;Tú olvidaste traer el vino&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But if you brought lots of stuff, I might say &quot;Se te olvidó el vino&quot; instead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use repetition for emphasis, though: &quot;Se te olvidó el vino &lt;em&gt;a ti&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T10:35:53.150" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="848" CreationDate="2011-12-09T10:40:52.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bajo presión&lt;/code&gt;, definitely. You could also say &lt;code&gt;presionado&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:25:31.833" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:25:31.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="848" CreationDate="2011-12-09T10:42:10.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No no, your translation skills are really good!! But there is a nuance here that I presume is difficult to get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of &lt;strong&gt;Under Pressure&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bajo Presión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in spanish &lt;strong&gt;Bajo Presión&lt;/strong&gt; inherently means that there is high pressure being applied, or else you wouldn't be &lt;strong&gt;Under Pressure&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the DJ figured to translate it as &lt;strong&gt;Alta Presión&lt;/strong&gt; since that is the real source of being &lt;strong&gt;Under Pressure&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is my reasoning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you were speaking of people, or a situation being &quot;under pressure,&quot; how would you describe that in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well in that kind of situation the most natural to say would be &lt;strong&gt;Bajo presión&lt;/strong&gt; or, this will probably sound counter-intuitive but you can also say &lt;strong&gt;con mucha presión&lt;/strong&gt; with this one it is obvious that you are under pressure. For instance if you say &lt;em&gt;Estoy con mucha presión en mi trabajo&lt;/em&gt; it is obvious you are under pressure. (Of course depends on context it can also mean blood pressure). But you wouldn't say alta presión, if you do I would relate it more to blood pressure, (e.g. when you say &quot;Estoy con alta presión&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T10:53:13.913" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T10:53:13.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="855" CreationDate="2011-12-09T12:08:02.520" Score="14" ViewCount="63377" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the time in all the Spanish speaking countries I've been in I've heard &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as the reply to &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; or the equivalent of English &lt;em&gt;you're welcome&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after a while I became conscious that sometimes some people were instead saying &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they actually used in different grammatical situations? Does the &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; depend on something in the topic of what the thanking was about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it purely up to how the speaker feels, or is one more prevalent in certain places? Or is one less formal or not condoned as official by the RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T02:33:16.477" Title="Are there any differences between &quot;de nada&quot; and &quot;por nada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="854" CreationDate="2011-12-09T14:17:57.687" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In these Word Reference threads, &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=210100&quot;&gt;por nada&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=918235&quot;&gt;por nada vs de nada&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=309777&quot;&gt;No hay de que; de nada; por nada&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, almost everyone says it's the same expression and it depends on everyone's choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the second one, someone says &lt;em&gt;&quot;por nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is regarded as &lt;em&gt;kind of rude&lt;/em&gt; in Spain. I am not sure about this, but I can say that while studying Spanish (&lt;em&gt;note:&lt;/em&gt; I learnt the one from Spain), I think I never heard &lt;em&gt;&quot;por nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but just &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And looking up the RAE for the word &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=nada&quot;&gt;nada&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, you can see that only &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is listed. So maybe, although this doesn't prove about it being rude, it shows it's apparently more spread in the other Spanish speaking countries in Central and South America than in Spain. Perhaps native speakers can confirm this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T14:17:57.687" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="849" CreationDate="2011-12-09T16:52:10.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to point out that &lt;code&gt;Olvidé la cita&lt;/code&gt; without context leads to confusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Olvidé la cita&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;¿Cuál cita? La cita bíblica.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas &lt;code&gt;Me olvidé DE la cita&lt;/code&gt; makes obvious that one is referring to an appointment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps one trick is to ask yourself a question and see how would you answer it. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿DE qué te olvidaste?&lt;/code&gt; (Without the &lt;code&gt;De&lt;/code&gt; the question wouldn't make sense) -&gt; Me olvidé &lt;strong&gt;DE&lt;/strong&gt; la cita con el doctor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the question needs the DE, then I use DE on the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would not agree that &lt;code&gt;Me olvidé la cita&lt;/code&gt; is correct, as OP was told.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2011-12-09T17:08:21.930" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T17:08:21.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="858" CreationDate="2011-12-09T18:11:17.963" Score="7" ViewCount="8026" Body="&lt;p&gt;When visiting Spanish-speaking countries, I've been told various ways to translate these terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Computer Science (as in a university degree program)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Engineer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Developer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programmer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most accurate way to translate these terms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:29:23.100" Title="Computer science, software engineer/developer, and programmer" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="857" CreationDate="2011-12-09T18:26:45.340" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile, they are translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ciencias de la Computación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ingeniero de Software.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desarrollador (o Ingeniero) de Software.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Programador.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;em&gt;Magíster en Ciencias de la Computación&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Magíster en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, mención Computación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Do not confuse &lt;em&gt;Informática&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Computación&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Informática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Relates to the management of information, in a concrete and practical sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Computación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Relates to the &quot;Computer science&quot;, a theoretical field closely related to mathematics. To get a grasp of it, StackExchange already has a Questions &amp;amp; Answers site: &lt;a href=&quot;https://cstheory.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Theoretical computer science&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, studying &lt;em&gt;Informática&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Ciencias de la computación&lt;/em&gt; are two &lt;strong&gt;different&lt;/strong&gt; things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:32:34.467" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:29:23.100" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="857" CreationDate="2011-12-09T20:57:52.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain all but the first are as Nicolás states, but CompSci is &lt;em&gt;informática superior&lt;/em&gt;. (Although you might get some degrees which claim to be Computer Science but are really &lt;em&gt;informática técnica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T20:57:52.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="857" CreationDate="2011-12-09T21:37:04.200" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Computer Science&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Ciencias de la computación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Software Engineer&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Ingeniero de Software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Software Developer&lt;/em&gt;  --&gt; Desarrollador de Software &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Programmer&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Programador &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should add that in some countries, Colombia, for example, universities don't offer a Computer Science major; they usually offer &lt;em&gt;Ingeniería de Sistemas&lt;/em&gt;, which I guess you could translate as &lt;em&gt;Systems Engineer&lt;/em&gt; even though compared to the American curriculum is closer to the Computer Engineering or the Computer Science degree; therefore, I usually translate &lt;em&gt;Computer Scientist&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;Ingeniero de Sistemas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T19:26:57.837" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T19:26:57.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="787" CreationDate="2011-12-09T22:51:27.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creador del hilo&lt;/em&gt; is a correct, quickly understandable (as in &lt;em&gt;no-brainer&lt;/em&gt; - which is good!) and widely used translation of &lt;em&gt;original poster&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T22:51:27.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="787" CreationDate="2011-12-09T23:54:50.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there really is an accurate translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you could literally translate Original Poster in various different ways, the point of &lt;em&gt;OP&lt;/em&gt; is to make a very short abbreviation that is &lt;strong&gt;very easily recognizable&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, given that there is no universal set for Spanish, any literal translation you choose will be ok but you won't be able to shorten it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it was me, if the site has a relatively internet active community, I would use &lt;em&gt;OP&lt;/em&gt;, and explain if it is not clear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="247" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T23:54:50.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="798" CreationDate="2011-12-10T01:59:29.370" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dentro&quot; should only be used in the prepositional phrase (frase prepositiva) &quot;dentro de&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La guitarra está dentro de su funda.&#xA;(The guitar is inside its case.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;adentro&quot; should only be used as a standalone adverb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La guitarra está adentro.&#xA;(The guitar is inside.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: &quot;Dentro de &amp;lt;algo&amp;gt;&quot; means &quot;inside of &amp;lt;something&amp;gt;&quot;, while &quot;adentro&quot; means simply &quot;inside&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="326" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T14:03:06.840" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T14:03:06.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="787" CreationDate="2011-12-10T02:07:40.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would simply use OP and be done with it. Thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org/ASALE/Index&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Academies in charge&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;of its standardization&lt;/a&gt;, the official Spanish language often evolves more slowly than the needs of its speakers, so quite often you will end up having to choose between deviating from standard Spanish and not being able to say what you want to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="326" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T03:45:44.593" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T03:45:44.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="865" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="867" CreationDate="2011-12-10T02:16:44.697" Score="6" ViewCount="8976" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the difference between &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, but I'm confused by these particular usages. I've seen both of them in various places. 'Trabajar para' seems to mean to work for, whereas 'trabajar por' seems to be to work on behalf of. Is there any difference between them? How should I pick which one to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T13:16:33.647" LastActivityDate="2020-10-12T19:55:18.627" Title="Difference between 'trabajar para' and 'trabajar por'" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="818" CreationDate="2011-12-10T03:19:50.847" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Joven&quot; (English: &quot;young man/woman&quot;) is an okay term for both male and female young adults (around 20-25 years old), as long as you remember to use the correct determinant: &quot;el/un joven&quot; for a young man, and &quot;la/una joven&quot; for a young woman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El joven desea algo para beber.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The young man wants something to drink.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La joven desea algo para beber.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The young woman wants something to drink.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Care should be taken when &quot;joven&quot; is used without a determinant or another word that makes its grammatical gender explicit (such as an adjective that is declined for gender, like &quot;estimado/a&quot;, but unlike &quot;inteligente&quot;), since it could by default be interpreted as being masculine. In order to avoid confusion, &quot;señorita&quot; (English: &quot;miss&quot;) could be used for young women.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Joven, ¿desea algo para beber?&lt;/strong&gt; (Often used for males only.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Young man&lt;s&gt;/woman&lt;/s&gt;, do you want something to drink?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señorita, ¿desea algo para beber?&lt;/strong&gt; (Feminine only.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Young woman, do you want something to drink?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When dealing for the first time with anyone past 30 years old, I would call them &quot;señor&quot; (English: &quot;mister&quot;) or &quot;señora&quot; (English: &quot;mistress&quot;, without the connotation of being a married man's lover), never &quot;joven&quot; or &quot;señorita&quot;, which could be interpreted as if I were questioning their maturity or otherwise belittling them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señor&lt;/strong&gt; [&amp;lt;apellido&amp;gt;]&lt;strong&gt;, ¿desea algo de beber?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [&lt;em&gt;Mr.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;last name&amp;gt;,] &lt;em&gt;Do you want something to drink?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señora&lt;/strong&gt; [&amp;lt;apellido&amp;gt;]&lt;strong&gt;, ¿desea algo de beber?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [&lt;em&gt;Mrs.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;last name&amp;gt;,] &lt;em&gt;Do you want something to drink?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, sometimes unmarried women, regardless of their age, take offense at being called &quot;señora&quot;, and would rather be called &quot;señorita&quot;. There are two reasons behind this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;señora&quot; is sometimes interpreted as an insinuation that the woman in question is old.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Especially among the elderly, the term &quot;señora&quot; is used to refer to someone's woman/wife. Since traditional Catholic values are deeply-rooted in most Spanish-speaking societies, insinuating an unmarried woman has already been &quot;taken&quot; by someone could be taken as an insult.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reply usually given by women who take offense at being called &quot;señora&quot; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Señora? ¡Señorita!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [&lt;em&gt;Are you calling me a&lt;/em&gt;] &lt;em&gt;Mistress?&lt;/em&gt; [&lt;em&gt;I am a&lt;/em&gt;] &lt;em&gt;Miss!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rarely do males take issue with being called &quot;señor&quot;, as the term by itself does not carry an &quot;old man&quot; connotation. Using &quot;señor&quot; is correct, even when referring to males who keep a youthful spirit in spite of their advanced physical age:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El señor sabe cómo mantenerse joven.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The man knows how to remain youthful.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La señora sabe cómo mantenerse joven.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The woman knows how to remain youthful.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T23:29:49.180" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T23:29:49.180" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="865" CreationDate="2011-12-10T03:36:42.180" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trabajar para &amp;lt;alguien&amp;gt;&quot; means to work for someone else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él es mi empleado. Trabaja para mí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He is my employee. He works for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trabajar por &amp;lt;algo&amp;gt;&quot; means to work to advance one's own cause or ends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él trabaja por sus hijos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He works for his children's sake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; As suggested by @Trufa, &quot;trabajar por &amp;lt;alguien&amp;gt;&quot; could mean to work in place of someone else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no puede venir hoy. Hoy él trabajará por ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She cannot come [to work] today. Today he will perform her duties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is quite flexible, though, and some people use &quot;trabaja para&quot; when they should use &quot;trabaja por&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él trabaja para ver hechos realidad sus sueños. (incorrect, but common)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Él trabaja por ver hechos realidad sus sueños. (correct)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He works to see his dreams become true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="326" LastEditDate="2011-12-10T14:02:12.563" LastActivityDate="2011-12-10T14:02:12.563" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25902" CreationDate="2011-12-11T16:11:56.180" Score="6" ViewCount="1475" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do these two words have any common root? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, and didn't find there any connection between these words.  According to the RAE, &lt;strong&gt;cuchillo&lt;/strong&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;&quot;cultellus&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;cuchara&lt;/strong&gt; comes from verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuchar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it looks like there are no real connections there,  maybe it's only this, but I still see that both words share the common part &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;cuch&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. And it seems to me that &lt;em&gt;cuchillo&lt;/em&gt; also comes from &lt;em&gt;cuchar&lt;/em&gt;, with just adding the suffix &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how come that the Latin word &lt;code&gt;cultellus&lt;/code&gt; transforms itself from knife to something spoon-like? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="78" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-19T15:02:20.383" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T15:02:20.383" Title="Is there a connection between &quot;cuchillo&quot; and &quot;cuchara&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="857" CreationDate="2011-12-12T00:02:44.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien dice Peter Taylor en su contestación las traducciones hechas por los compañeros no son correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computer Science (as in a university degree program)&#xA;En castellano se traduciría como Ingeniero Informático o Ingeniero en Informática. En España no existe la titulación Ingeniero en Computación o Ingeniero del Software como en otros países, sino que el término que se acuñó es el que te comento. Yo de hecho soy Ingeniero informático. Un dato curioso relacionado con esto es que en España a los PC no se les llama computadoras personales, ni computadoras sino que se les llama ordenadores. (Y tiene gracia puesto que uno de los trabajos que más tienen que realizar los ordenadores es el de ordenar datos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Engineer: Ingeniero del Software. Este término es correcto y existen puestos de trabajo con este nombre. De hecho durante la carrera hay varias asignaturas que se llaman Ingeniería del Software y probablemente sería el término más correcto para definir el trabajo que realizamos (no sólo en España, en todo el mundo y es una cuestión que se ha discutido muchísimas veces en importantes congresos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Developer: Desarrollador Software o Programmer programador. Dos términos diferentes pero que realmente representan el mismo trabajo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T00:02:44.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="582" CreationDate="2011-12-12T00:50:53.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regresaré pronto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regresaré en un minuto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón, dame un momento (&lt;em&gt;moment&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or literally translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón, dame un segundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="332" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T05:48:48.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="880" CreationDate="2011-12-12T02:47:52.843" Score="7" ViewCount="1821" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=e-fPeBQ7NxgC&amp;amp;pg=PA195&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta+porra%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=lmDlTo77J-eW2AWMufD_Cw&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=3&amp;amp;ved=0CEAQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Colombian phrase &lt;em&gt;la quinta porra&lt;/em&gt; denotes an undesirable or faraway place&lt;/a&gt;. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Váyase a la quinta porra!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;conveys the same meaning as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to hell!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earliest use I could find in a superficial search in Google Books was from 1921 in &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=mtKvSVE_pqMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA223&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;pg=PA223#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta sí es bola&lt;/a&gt; by Tomás Carrasquilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño la mandó a la quinta porra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?ei=KWHlTt--KYSq2QXAoJm1BA&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;id=FnBfAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta+porra%22&amp;amp;q=%22mandar+%22+#search_anchor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estudios románicos&lt;/a&gt; from the University of Murcia contains several examples of the form &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto ...&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta ...&lt;/em&gt; that convey the same meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mandar/enviar al quinto infierno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar a la quinta porra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar a la quinta puñeta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar al quinto pino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the origin of the common root &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta&lt;/em&gt;? Is it related to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno_(Dante)#Fifth_Circle_.28Anger.29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the circles of Hell in Dante's &lt;em&gt;Inferno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the common root &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta&lt;/em&gt; used elsewhere besides Colombia? If so, where and in what form?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the origin of &lt;em&gt;porra&lt;/em&gt; in the Colombian phrase &lt;em&gt;la quinta porra&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=e-fPeBQ7NxgC&amp;amp;pg=PA195&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta+porra%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=lmDlTo77J-eW2AWMufD_Cw&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=3&amp;amp;ved=0CEAQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La frase colombiana &lt;em&gt;la quinta porra&lt;/em&gt; denota un sitio lejano o desagradable&lt;/a&gt;. Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Váyase a la quinta porra!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tiene el mismo significado que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Váyase al diablo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earliest use I could find in a superficial search in Google Books was from 1921 in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso más antiguo que encontré en una búsqueda superficial en Google Books fue de 1921 en &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=mtKvSVE_pqMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA223&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;pg=PA223#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22quinta%20porra%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta sí es bola&lt;/a&gt; por Tomás Carrasquilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño la mandó a la quinta porra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?ei=KWHlTt--KYSq2QXAoJm1BA&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;id=FnBfAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22quinta+porra%22&amp;amp;q=%22mandar+%22+#search_anchor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estudios románicos&lt;/a&gt; de la Universidad de Murcia contiene varios ejemplos de frases que comienzan con &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta&lt;/em&gt; que parecen tener el mismo significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mandar/enviar al quinto infierno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar a la quinta porra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar a la quinta puñeta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse/mandar al quinto pino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la raíz común &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Existe alguna relación con &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infierno_(La_Divina_Comedia)#Quinto_c.C3.ADrculo_.28Ira_y_Pereza.29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;los círculos del infierno en &lt;em&gt;La Divina Comedia&lt;/em&gt; de Dante&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa la raíz común &lt;em&gt;mandar al quinto&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;mandar a la quinta&lt;/em&gt; en algún lugar fuera de  Colombia? ¿Dónde y en que forma?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de &lt;em&gt;porra&lt;/em&gt; en la frase colombiana &lt;em&gt;la quinta porra&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:26:15.483" Title="Origin of the phrase &quot;la quinta ...&quot; to denote an undesirable or faraway place" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="870" CreationDate="2011-12-12T07:52:13.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say the roots are different. I think it is &lt;strong&gt;cuchill&lt;/strong&gt; (cuchillo, cuchillazo,...) and &lt;strong&gt;cuchar&lt;/strong&gt; (cucharilla, cuchara, cucharazo) so they don't have the same root. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T07:52:13.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="875" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="877" CreationDate="2011-12-12T08:46:32.107" Score="9" ViewCount="2635" Body="&lt;p&gt;When referring to an extreme example for comparison, English seems to have just one word, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/even#English&quot;&gt;even&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Even&lt;/strong&gt; an idiot could do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Spanish seems to have three:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aun#Spanish&quot;&gt;aun&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hasta#Spanish&quot;&gt;hasta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/incluso#Spanish&quot;&gt;incluso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had always used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;aun&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for this but then realized it wasn't the only possibility, such as in the old Shakira song, &lt;em&gt;Octavo Día&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hasta&lt;/strong&gt; un ciego lo puede ver (Even a blind man could see it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the choice of which to use depend on grammar or nuance, or is it purely up to the speaker's preference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T10:35:35.927" Title="Differences between &quot;aun&quot;, &quot;hasta&quot;, and &quot;incluso&quot; to indicate extremes?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="857" CreationDate="2011-12-12T11:45:09.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Computer Science &amp;mdash; Informática (Ingeniería Informática)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Engineer &amp;mdash; Ingenierío de software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Developer &amp;mdash; Desarollador de software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programado &amp;mdash; Programador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard software engineer hierarchy used in Spain (from lowest to highest), with their corresponding acronym:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programador Junior  (PJ)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programador Senior  (PS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analista Programador (AP)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analista Organico (AO)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analista Funcional (AF)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jefe de Proyecto (JP)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T11:45:09.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="875" CreationDate="2011-12-12T12:37:06.927" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The three of them are correct as the RAE entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=incluso&quot;&gt;incluso&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;incluso, sa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. inclūsus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. &lt;strong&gt;Hasta, aun&lt;/strong&gt;. Incluso a los enemigos amó. U. t. c. conj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So they are synonyms. So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hasta&lt;/strong&gt; un idiota podría hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incluso&lt;/strong&gt; un idiota podría hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aun&lt;/strong&gt; un idiota podría hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No grammar rules apply, you can use any of them. All of them are used very often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T13:22:59.913" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T13:22:59.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="865" CreationDate="2011-12-12T13:16:47.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd use &lt;em&gt;&quot;por&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in case of contract type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por cuenta ajena; (hired work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por cuenta propia / trabaja por libre; (freelance)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por horas;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd also use &lt;em&gt;&quot;por&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in case of the work's objective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por la paz en el Medio Oriente;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd use &lt;em&gt;&quot;para&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in case of employee/employer relation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja para la empresa X;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja para su jefe;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less common uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por internet; (working remotely via Internet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabaja por Juanito; (meaning: he's working as Juanito's temp replacment)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T13:16:47.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="875" CreationDate="2011-12-12T13:26:30.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are synonyms, however I'd say &lt;em&gt;&quot;hasta&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is much more commonly used in hyperbole phrases.&#xA;Thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even a blind person can see it. &amp;mdash; Hasta un ciego puede verlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even your friend Johnny can see it. &amp;mdash; Incluso tu amigo Juanito puede verlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, that you could switch them around and it would be still correct and understood. Only less commonly used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T10:35:35.927" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T10:35:35.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="873" CreationDate="2011-12-12T15:10:57.027" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a common expression in Spain to express something is somewhere far and indeterminate or to send somenone to hell. I've found a &lt;a href=&quot;http://m.libertaddigital.com/?op=opinion&amp;amp;id=46413&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reference about being a derivation from &quot;La quinta forca&quot; (Catalan)&lt;/a&gt;. Please be aware that it's an speculation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jordi Cabanes (Barcelona) aporta una curiosa historia para explicar el origen de la expresión &quot;en el quinto pino&quot; (= un lugar perdido o muy lejano), que coloquialmente se dice también &quot;en el quinto coño&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;A mi entender la expresión &quot;en el quinto coño&quot; es una deriva soez (más fuerte y más expresiva, por lo tanto) de una expresión del castellano de Cataluña &quot;en el quinto pino&quot; que a su vez es una adaptación de la expresión catalana &quot;a la quinta forca&quot; de origen barcelonés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Como era habitual en el sistema penal de la época moderna, los cadalsos de la ciudad se situaban progresivamente en los caminos que se acercaban a la ciudad para que quedase claro a los forasteros que allí se hacía cumplir la ley. El sistema barcelonés contaba con cinco cruces de caminos, desde la plaza del Pi de Barcelona hasta el llamado &quot;de la Trinidad&quot; (hoy un barrio situado en la Meridiana), donde se situaban sendas horcas. Como la responsabilidad de las autoridades se acababa con la ejecución y los cadáveres quedaban expuestos durante muchos días, en la Iglesia del Pi se había fundado una cofradía –la &quot;Confraría de la Sang&quot;, de carácter privado­­– cuya misión consistía en dar cristiana sepultura a los ejecutados. Para tal efecto se organizaban periódicas procesiones que, a pie, recorrían la distancia entre la sede y las horcas, recogiendo (&quot;amorosamente&quot; según expresión de una crónica contemporánea) los cadáveres y rezando por la eterna salvación de sus almas. Naturalmente, la horca de la Trinidad caía especialmente lejos y se fue identificando como paradigma de una gran y molesta distancia. La centralidad de Barcelona traspasa la expresión al catalán en general y a su vez al castellano de Cataluña. El motivo del cambio de &quot;horca&quot; a &quot;pino&quot; pertenece, en mi caso, al terreno de las conjeturas. Probablemente se deba a la cacofonía que se produce (al menos para un oído catalán) en &quot;la quinta horca&quot;. Aunque no hay que descartar que el instrumento físico de la ejecución no fuese una horca construida, como las que nos suministra cierta iconografía (incluida la popular con el famoso juego de &quot;el ahorcado&quot;) sino simplemente una horca natural, y para ello el pino parece un mejor candidato que el roble. Al menos por lo que sé de la flora histórica del plano de Barcelona y del Vallés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T22:26:15.483" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:26:15.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="882" CreationDate="2011-12-12T16:52:50.593" Score="9" ViewCount="3575" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have to say something like &lt;code&gt;I gotta leave&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish, I'd use a phrase like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo que irme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I realize that I could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito irme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference? You would translate them as &lt;code&gt;I have to go&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;I need to go&lt;/code&gt; I believe, but is there any connatational difference greater than what I've said?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="333" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:09.397" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:09.397" Title="Difference between &quot;tener que ...&quot; and &quot;necesitar ...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="881" CreationDate="2011-12-12T18:58:55.463" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both phrases are correct but the use of these phrases depend on the context. Imagine you're in a party and you have to work or do some homework for the next day. You will normally use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo que irme (because I have to work!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now imagine you feel kinda sick in the party or maybe you saw your girlfriend cheating on you. You won't feel confortable in that party so you will use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito irme (because I don't want people see me crying!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito irme (I need some fresh air)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you see, the last ones are something like &lt;em&gt;&quot;I need the get out of this place&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. And yes the translations are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I have to go — Tengo que irme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I need to go — Necesito irme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T20:46:23.133" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T20:46:23.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="811" CreationDate="2011-12-12T21:09:01.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Desde luego» usually means &lt;em&gt;of course&lt;/em&gt; in modern Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desde luego&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Ciertamente, indudablemente, sin duda alguna. (&lt;em&gt;of course&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;certainly&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;without a doubt&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. p. us. Inmediatamente, sin tardanza. (&lt;em&gt;immediately&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;right now&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;without delay&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second definition is old Spanish (18th-19th century) and nowadays has only use in legal language such as in court. &#xA;Later, this meaning was distorted and began to mean a confirmation of what was just said, and therefore the current meaning is that: &lt;em&gt;of course&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-12T22:24:00.680" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T22:24:00.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="886" CreationDate="2011-12-12T23:17:51.153" Score="12" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B&quot;&gt;C++ programming language&lt;/a&gt; has several types of constructors (functions invoked when an object is being created):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Default constructor: &lt;em&gt;constructor por defecto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy constructor: &lt;em&gt;constructor de copia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the next revision of the language (C++11), there will be a new type of constructor called &quot;move constructor&quot;. This constructor moves data from one temporal object to the new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I cannot find a proper translation, as &lt;em&gt;constructor de movimiento&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;construcción de traslado&lt;/em&gt; sounds strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be an accurate way to translate this language element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T18:02:09.240" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T17:42:24.940" Title="Translation of the C++ &quot;move constructor&quot; language element" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="885" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-12T23:23:18.537" Score="7" ViewCount="2292" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mueco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; does not have an entry for &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mueca&lt;/em&gt;, a term commonly used in Colombia to describe a &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=e-fPeBQ7NxgC&amp;amp;pg=PA167&amp;amp;dq=mueco&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=soXmTt7kOuunsAKK5NiIBg&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=5&amp;amp;ved=0CEwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=mueco&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;toothless person&lt;/a&gt;. However, the expression &lt;em&gt;hacer muecas&lt;/em&gt; is understood in the traditional sense as &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mueca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a generally burlesque facial contorsión&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mellado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mellado&lt;/a&gt; seems to be used outside of Colombia to describe a toothless person. Based on my experience, the term &lt;em&gt;mellado&lt;/em&gt; is not common in Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; used elsewhere to describe a toothless person?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How widespread is the use of &lt;em&gt;mellado&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the use of &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; be traced back to Spain or did it come about in Colombia? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mueco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; no tiene un artículo para &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mueca&lt;/em&gt;, una palabra común en Colombia para describir a una persona &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=e-fPeBQ7NxgC&amp;amp;pg=PA167&amp;amp;dq=mueco&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=soXmTt7kOuunsAKK5NiIBg&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=5&amp;amp;ved=0CEwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=mueco&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;persona desdentada&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, la expresión &lt;em&gt;hacer muecas&lt;/em&gt; se entiende en el sentido tradicional como &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mueca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una contorsión facial generalmente burlesca&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mellado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mellado&lt;/a&gt; parece ser usado fuera de Colombia para describir a alguien carente de dientes. Basado en mi experiencia, la palabra &lt;em&gt;mellado&lt;/em&gt; no es común en Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; en algún otro lugar para describir una persona desdentada? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tan predominante es el uso de &lt;em&gt;mellado&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es posible trazar el uso de &lt;em&gt;mueco&lt;/em&gt; a España o se originó en Colombia? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-21T16:05:19.943" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T10:55:44.420" Title="Usage of &quot;mueco&quot; vs. &quot;mellado&quot; for &quot;toothless&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="884" CreationDate="2011-12-12T23:51:18.683" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that «constructor de movimiento» is more used, even in &lt;a href=&quot;http://espawiki.com/wiki/Funciones_miembro_especiales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Espawiki&lt;/a&gt;, where they say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Constructor de copia y constructor de movimiento se definen por el&#xA;  compilador, a menos que uno de ellos sea definido explícitamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Constructor de traslado» is a very fair translation, and may be it's more appropriate, but it's not so used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T17:42:24.940" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T17:42:24.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="890" CreationDate="2011-12-13T02:23:33.920" Score="12" ViewCount="31108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aside from using 'military time' (19:00 for 7:00 PM), is there another approach to delineate between AM/PM time in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T10:26:53.683" LastActivityDate="2019-08-10T01:46:54.320" Title="Use of AM/PM in time" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="888" CreationDate="2011-12-13T02:57:54.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use AM / PM in Spanish the same way you use AM / PM in English. In fact they mean the same in both languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AM =  Ante Meridiem = Before noon = Antes del mediodía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PM =  Post Meridiem = Past noon   = Después del mediodía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T02:57:54.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="888" CreationDate="2011-12-13T03:23:39.873" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español se usan las las abreviaturas &lt;em&gt;a. m.&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;ante merídiem&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;antes del mediodía&amp;quot;) y &lt;em&gt;p. m.&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;post merídiem&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;después del mediodía&amp;quot;). Estas abreviaturas deben escribirse en minúsculas y con la puntuación indicada. Para las doce de la mañana (o del mediodía) se utiliza &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;meridies&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;mediodía&amp;quot;). Así, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada es a las 7.30 a. m. (la entrada es a las siete y media de la mañana).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El servicio se realizará a las 5 p. m. (el servicio se realizará a las cinco de la tarde).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La clase es a las 12 m. (la clase es a las doce del mediodía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más información sobre la hora en español, ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=hora2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hora&lt;/a&gt; en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the abbreviations &lt;em&gt;a. m.&lt;/em&gt; (from the Latin &lt;em&gt;ante meridiem&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;antes del mediodía&amp;quot;) and &lt;em&gt;p. m.&lt;/em&gt; (from the Latin &lt;em&gt;post meridiem&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;después del mediodía&amp;quot;) are used. These abbreviations are written in lower case and using the indicated punctuation. For noon it is custumary to use &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; (from the Latin &lt;em&gt;meridies&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;mediodía&amp;quot;). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada es a las 7.30 a. m. (la entrada es a las siete y media de la mañana).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El servicio se realizará a las 5 p. m. (el servicio se realizará a las cinco de la tarde).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La clase es a las 12 m. (la clase es a las doce del mediodía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on the hour in Spanish, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=hora2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hora&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-08-10T00:29:15.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="888" CreationDate="2011-12-13T10:26:34.930" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In speech in Mexico I only ever noticed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de la mañana&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;a.&amp;nbsp;m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de la tarde&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;p.&amp;nbsp;m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English pronouncing the abbreviations is just as common in speech as in writing but I'm sure I never heard anyone pronounce them in spoken Spanish though it's clear from the other answers here that they are normal in written Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2019-08-10T01:46:54.320" LastActivityDate="2019-08-10T01:46:54.320" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="888" CreationDate="2011-12-13T12:46:11.713" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have three major designations and one general designation in regards to expressing time. Gonzalo, A.M. is NOT Spanish, it is Latin for Ante.  Sometimes it is easier to ask for gimeridio and post meridio, those two are more explicit and NOT abbreviated in becomes conversational Spanish. In the case of which a time may be 10 AM or 10 PM corresponding  and  . The general usage is when is  and is usually for a situation where it is too late in the day for the activity though not particularity all that late in regards to your plans and so you would say  meaning in the day. This instance is reserved for when you cannot or do not want to commit to a particular time frame and at the same time shifts the responsibility to your respondent to determine an appropriate time frame as well. Some would have to ask forgiveness; where is the Chrarisma when demanding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T07:34:46.807" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T07:34:46.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2011-12-13T12:47:54.830" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ac%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. &lt;em&gt;eccum hac&lt;/em&gt;, he aquí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. l. En este lugar o cerca de él, a este lugar o cerca de él. No es tan explícito como aquí, por eso  admite ciertos grados de comparación.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Tan acá. Más acá. Muy acá.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=aqu%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. &lt;em&gt;eccum hic&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. l. En este lugar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, they are the same, but &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; is not as explicit as &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;, and therefore admits comparison. As you can see, each has a different Latin root.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although nowadays in a casual environment they are interchangeable. The main difference is &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; is used more in Latin America (some countries) and &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; more in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:38:54.910" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:38:54.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2011-12-13T13:41:36.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mainly for emphasis, but specially some people use it on the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; where there is an ambiguity over the first and third singular forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo decía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él decía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saltaba sobre la cama&lt;/em&gt; (I jumped on the bed / He jumped on the bed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I rather specify the third person over the first as I don't like to use «&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;» unless I feel the need to make an emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T13:41:36.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="849" CreationDate="2011-12-13T17:19:00.190" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt; are correct. I think the best examples are in the DPD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=olvidar&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;olvidar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;‘Dejar de tener en la memoria algo o a alguien’, ‘dejar&#xA;  de tener afecto a alguien o algo’ y ‘no tener en cuenta algo o a&#xA;  alguien’. En el español general culto este verbo admite distintas&#xA;  construcciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como transitivo, con sujeto de persona y un complemento directo que&#xA;  expresa lo olvidado (&lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; [algo o a alguien]): «&lt;em&gt;Matamoros Moreno&#xA;  había olvidado al asistente. ¿Lo había olvidado?&lt;/em&gt;»  (...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como intransitivo pronominal, con sujeto de persona y un&#xA;  complemento introducido por de, que expresa lo olvidado (olvidarse de&#xA;  algo o alguien): «&lt;em&gt;Creía que ya me había olvidado de aquella mujer&lt;/em&gt;»;&#xA;  «&lt;em&gt;No se olvide de pedirle un aumento a su señor padre&lt;/em&gt;» (...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es también correcta la construcción intransitiva pronominal&#xA;  olvidársele algo a alguien, en la que el sujeto es lo olvidado y la&#xA;  persona que olvida se expresa mediante un complemento indirecto: «&lt;em&gt;Se&#xA;  le olvidaron [a mi madre] sus otros hijos&lt;/em&gt;»  (...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T17:19:00.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-13T17:42:34.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for accents concern I think the best thing you can do is to hear them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can watch some different people reading the same text. In 1:54 you can hear a woman talking with Spanish accent although in 2:37, the Mexican man who lives in Spain also has Spanish accent (he says: «naθí en México» and the θ sound in the 'c'/'z' is from Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ABe04lt5D0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ABe04lt5D0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T17:42:34.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="902" CreationDate="2011-12-13T18:10:26.583" Score="6" ViewCount="4884" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the meaning of the (noun)-&lt;strong&gt;azo&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How the nouns are transformed into their -azo noun?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In which cases should be used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;golpazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T20:05:59.860" Title="What's the meaning of the -azo suffix?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="906" CreationDate="2011-12-13T18:17:17.693" Score="5" ViewCount="881" Body="&lt;p&gt;What suffixes are used to indicate jobs? Please provide examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T08:28:39.067" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T22:27:14.777" Title="What suffixes are used to indicate jobs?" Tags="&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="901" CreationDate="2011-12-13T18:27:16.863" Score="15" ViewCount="25247" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the meaning of the expression &quot;&lt;strong&gt;nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In which countries is used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lo que dices no tiene nada que ver con lo que estamos discutiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conversation between Carlos and Juan. Both live in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juan&lt;/strong&gt;: Fuiste de vacaciones a Europa? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carlos&lt;/strong&gt;: Nada que ver, fui de&#xA;  vaciones a Cancún (Mexico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T09:06:35.430" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T23:38:34.393" Title="What's the meaning of the expression &quot;nada que ver&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="900" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:09:39.787" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the phrase &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is used in different countries. I'm from Perú and we normally use that phrase to represent &amp;quot;You're talking nonsense!&amp;quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your friend:&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;I saw you kissing my sister last night&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You:&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;No, you're talking nonsense!&amp;quot; (No, nada que ver!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it also has other meaning like in your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que dices &lt;strong&gt;no tiene nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt; con lo que estamos discutiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are saying &lt;strong&gt;has nothing to do&lt;/strong&gt; with this discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or with your second example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan: Fuiste de vacaciones a Europa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carlos: &lt;strong&gt;Nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt;, fui de vaciones a Cancún. (&lt;strong&gt;No, you're wrong,&lt;/strong&gt; I went to Cancún)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T19:09:39.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="898" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:12:50.440" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-azo/za&lt;/em&gt; suffix has four different functions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As an augmentative: &lt;em&gt;perrazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;manaza&lt;/em&gt; (a big dog, a big hand).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a pejorative: &lt;em&gt;aceitazo&lt;/em&gt; (dense and turbid oil).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can express a hit given with the object represented by the word to which it is appended:  &lt;em&gt;martillazo&lt;/em&gt; (a hit given with a hammer), &lt;em&gt;almohadazo&lt;/em&gt; (a hit given with a pillow).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes, it can also express a hit given the object represented by the word to which it is appended: &lt;em&gt;espaldarazo&lt;/em&gt; (a hit given in the back); it's worth mentioning that &lt;em&gt;espaldarzo&lt;/em&gt; not only stands for the hit given in the back, but also for a sign of recognition and aprovement (see example below).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some example sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rompió el bastón con sus manazas morenas&lt;/em&gt; (She/he broke the stick with his big brown hands).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi esposa no quiere ese aceitazo ni regalado&lt;/em&gt; (My wife wouldn't accept that turbid oil even if it was free).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos recordamos el zapatazo propinado al presidente iraní Mahmud Ahmadineyad&lt;/em&gt; (we all remember the hit given with a shoe to Iran's President Mahmud Ahmadineyad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Monti recibe espaldarazo del Parlamento italiano&lt;/em&gt; (Monti receives support from the Italian Parliament).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your concrete examples, &lt;em&gt;zapatazo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;golpazo&lt;/em&gt;, the particle &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; acts as augmentative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the rules governing the addition of the &lt;em&gt;-azo/za&lt;/em&gt; suffix are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Words ending in a non-tonic vowel, loose the vowel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;porra, porrazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;golpe, golpazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mano, manaza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Words ending in a consonant, simply add the suffix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sol, solazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;perol, perolazo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T20:05:59.860" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T20:05:59.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="903" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="905" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:15:33.753" Score="4" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in the following sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta que te dignes a hacerme caso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los resultados del examen se publicarán hasta febrero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those have different meanings than the &quot;hasta&quot; of the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta (incluso) un niño lo comprende.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T19:40:48.287" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T19:47:35.920" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;hasta&quot; in the following sentences?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="904" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="908" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:29:34.460" Score="4" ViewCount="682" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there are some adverbs followed by &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Delante de, atrás de, en frente de&lt;/em&gt;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When these adverbs are followed in a sentence by a declined pronoun, they are often &quot;contracted&quot; forming a possessive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuelen arriba de mí&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Vuelen arriba mío.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;strong&gt;Flight upside of me.&lt;/strong&gt;)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Camina al lado de mí.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Camina al lado mío.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;strong&gt;Walk by my side.&lt;/strong&gt;)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llévalo siempre delante de ti.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Llévalo siempre delante tuyo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;strong&gt;Always carry it in front of you.&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Búscalo atrás de ella.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Búscalo atrás suyo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;strong&gt;Look for it behind her.&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read that the use of adverbs should not be followed by possessives, but the first sentences of each example sounds strange to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any workarounds to avoid the use of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;adverb + &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T08:31:25.773" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:19:32.547" Title="Cannot use adverbs + possessives: &quot;delante de ti&quot; v/s &quot;delante tuyo&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="903" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:42:24.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost everything is explained by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?clave=hasta&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entry for &quot;hasta&quot; of the &quot;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two sentences are explained by the first paragraph of the aforementioned entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hasta. 1&lt;/strong&gt;. Preposición que se usa para expresar el término límite en relación con el tiempo, el espacio o la cantidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Preposition used to express the limit related to time, space or amount of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your last sentence is explained by the third paragraph of the aforementioned entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hasta. 3&lt;/strong&gt;. Puede funcionar como adverbio con el sentido de ‘incluso’ y, en ese caso, es compatible con otras preposiciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;May work as an adverb in the sense of &quot;incluso&quot;, and in this case it is compatible with some other prepositions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comment&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;In order to make your first example clearer, I would rewrite it to something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te dejaré salir hasta que te dignes a hacerme caso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2011-12-13T19:47:35.920" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T19:47:35.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="899" CreationDate="2011-12-13T19:57:14.903" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Common sufixes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://is.muni.cz/th/145940/ff_m/diplomova_prace.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Sufijos nominales en español&quot;, from Lucie Rossowová's Master Thesis, p. 30&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Noun suffixes denoting the &quot;agent&quot; of the action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ero/-era (cocinero / cocinera)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-dor/-dora (cazador / cazadora)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ante (cantante)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ista (deportista)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could add some other examples (some of them may be &quot;allomorphs&quot; of another one):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-or/-ora (captor / captora) &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; (may be allomorph with &lt;em&gt;-dor&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-or/-triz (actor / actriz)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-in/-ina (bailarín / bailarina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Derived from a masculine substantive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-isa (poeta &amp;rarr; poetisa; sacerdote &amp;rarr; sacerdotisa)  &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; (is only used with feminine nouns)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some roots take more than one suffix in order to &quot;build&quot; different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ante (cantante)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-or (cantor)  &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; (used at least in Chile to name a folklorist)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regional variations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Andalusism: &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-aor/-aora (bailaor / bailaora; cantaor / cantaora)  &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; (in most cases is just the &lt;em&gt;-dor&lt;/em&gt; suffix with its 'd' dropped.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not directly related to jobs:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-logo/-loga (podólogo / podóloga; entomólogo / entomóloga)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This suffix relates to people who study or practice a science. As a side effect, they work on that field, but the suffix's main aim is not to emphasize the work done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-atra (pediatra; psiquiatra)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone who heals using some field of the medical science.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2011-12-19T22:27:14.777" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T22:27:14.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="900" CreationDate="2011-12-13T20:09:29.260" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;It usually means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is no relationship between what I've just stated and your&#xA;  answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T21:02:09.460" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:02:09.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="904" CreationDate="2011-12-13T20:30:48.227" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You shouldn't use that &quot;contracted&quot; form since it is a mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la lengua culta debe evitarse el uso de adverbios como &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;detrás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;delante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;debajo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enfrente&lt;/em&gt; con adjetivos&#xA;  posesivos; así pues, &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; debe decirse ×&lt;em&gt;detrás mío&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  ×&lt;em&gt;encima suya&lt;/em&gt;, etc., sino &lt;em&gt;detrás de mí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encima de&#xA;  él&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In cultivated language the use of adverbs like &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;detrás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;delante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;debajo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enfrente&lt;/em&gt; with possessive&#xA;  adjectives should be avoided; thus we should &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; say ×&lt;em&gt;detrás mío&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  ×&lt;em&gt;encima suya&lt;/em&gt;, etc., but &lt;em&gt;detrás de mí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encima de&#xA;  él&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your examples, removing the preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; can be done by using other particles. And in these three cases, the substitutions are more appropriate than the original form although both are grammatically correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuelen arriba de mí&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Vuelen sobre mí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Camina al lado de mí&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Camina a mi lado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Búscalo atrás de ella&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Búscalo tras ella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;code&gt;delante de ti&lt;/code&gt;, it's perfectly correct and doesn't need to lose the preposition «&lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:19:32.547" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:19:32.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-12-13T20:52:23.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One simple rule:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; is soft when is surrounded by two vowels or placed before a vowel while preceded by a consonant other than &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; is strong otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-01-10T12:08:39.637" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T12:08:39.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="930" CreationDate="2011-12-13T23:33:40.077" Score="5" ViewCount="5918" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural and common way to ask how much time it takes to get from one location to another? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take to get from Guadalajara to Mexico City?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take to get to Los Angeles by car?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take to fly to New York from here?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's 50 miles away? How long does it take to get there?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T17:14:29.727" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T08:36:54.260" Title="Translating &quot;How long does it take to get from &lt;here&gt; to &lt;there&gt;?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="910" CreationDate="2011-12-14T00:02:38.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo toma llegar a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lugar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; desde &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lugar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;&quot;medio de transporte&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo toma llegar a los Angeles en carro? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo&#xA;toma llegar a Nueva York en avión desde aquí? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está a 50 millas de&#xA;aquí? ¿Cuánto tiempo toma?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuánto tiempo toma&lt;/strong&gt; llegar a Los Ángeles en carro.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuánto toma&lt;/strong&gt; llegar a Los Ángeles en carro.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuánto tiempo tardo&lt;/strong&gt; en llegar a Los Ángeles en carro.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuánto tardo&lt;/strong&gt; en llegar a Los Ángeles en carro.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also replace the &lt;strong&gt;Cuánto&lt;/strong&gt; with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Qué tanto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T19:24:09.497" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T19:24:09.497" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="849" CreationDate="2011-12-14T03:13:09.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Flimzy, your first example gets the piont across just fine brother. However that form fails to take possession for the action as yours. Just means some of that general tenet of Mejicanisimo may really be rubbing off on you after all.  would take possession as well as indicate it is already too late to do anything about it. &#xA; We Mexicans have a habit of shortening our answer to the point of making it of no fault of our own, it just happened. Example;se callo· means....It fell.... Saying  means past tense in he finite sense so as not to be able to change it.  takes personal possession of the action. To make it in the proper and resolute at the same time, you would say  which means 'I have already forgotton about it. And now you have the both proper complete statement with a finite past tense designation included in the statement while giving the other person the option to accept or respond as they may feel without creating an actual offensive sounding situation, (since you have taken possession of the action, they must then decide how they feel and want to handle it from there). Roman Littlestork&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T03:13:09.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="915" CreationDate="2011-12-14T08:40:20.200" Score="46" ViewCount="50301" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always thought the two could be used interchangeably (meaning &quot;the Spanish language&quot;). But I recently got into an argument with someone where they insisted there &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt; a difference (although I didn't quite understand what that difference was).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;strong&gt;is there a difference between &quot;español&quot; and &quot;castellano&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he pensado que ambos podían usarse indistintamente (queriendo decir &quot;el lenguaje español&quot;). Pero hace poco tuve una discusión con alguien que insitía en que &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; diferencia (aunque no pude entender bien cuál era esa diferencia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;¿hay alguna diferencia entre &quot;español&quot; y &quot;castellano&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-19T14:59:50.937" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:15:41.263" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;español&quot; and &quot;castellano&quot;? // ¿Hay alguna diferencia entre &quot;español&quot; y &quot;castellano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="920" CreationDate="2011-12-14T08:48:37.653" Score="14" ViewCount="17191" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, the honorifics to address a woman are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señora (Sra.) which is equivalent to &quot;Mrs.&quot; and is used to address a married woman;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señorita (Srta.) which is equivalent to &quot;Miss&quot; and is used to address a unmarried woman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent to &quot;Ms.&quot;, which is used when you don't know (or don't want to reveal) the marital status of the lady you are referring to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T11:00:01.140" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:00:01.140" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent to Ms.?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2011-12-14T08:57:15.673" Score="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's check what RAE says about both of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;español&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Lengua común de España y de muchas naciones de América, hablada también como propia en otras partes del mundo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=castellano&quot;&gt;castellano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;castellano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Lengua española, especialmente cuando se quiere introducir una distinción respecto a otras lenguas habladas también como propias en&#xA;  España.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Dialecto románico nacido en Castilla la Vieja, del que tuvo su origen la lengua española.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Variedad de la lengua española hablada modernamente en Castilla la Vieja.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE has given this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=espa%F1ol&quot;&gt;excellent article&lt;/a&gt; about the topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para designar la lengua común de España y de muchas naciones de América, y que también se habla como propia en otras partes del mundo, &lt;strong&gt;son válidos los términos castellano y español&lt;/strong&gt;. La polémica sobre cuál de estas denominaciones resulta más apropiada está hoy superada. El término &lt;strong&gt;español resulta más recomendable por carecer de ambigüedad&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que se refiere de modo unívoco a la lengua que hablan hoy cerca de cuatrocientos millones de personas. Asimismo, es la denominación que se utiliza internacionalmente (Spanish, espagnol, Spanisch, spagnolo, etc.). &lt;strong&gt;Aun siendo también sinónimo de español&lt;/strong&gt;, resulta &lt;strong&gt;preferible reservar el término castellano&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse al dialecto románico nacido en el Reino de Castilla durante la Edad Media, o al dialecto del español que &lt;strong&gt;se habla actualmente en esta región&lt;/strong&gt;. En España, se usa asimismo el nombre castellano cuando se alude a la lengua común del Estado en relación con las otras lenguas cooficiales en sus respectivos territorios autónomos, como el catalán, el gallego o el vasco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To designate the common language of Spain and many nations of America, and which is also spoken as their own language in other parts of the world, &lt;strong&gt;the terms castellano and español are valid&lt;/strong&gt;. The controversy over which of these names is more appropriate is now outdated. The term &lt;strong&gt;español is more advisable for lack of ambiguity&lt;/strong&gt;, as it unequivocally refers to the language spoken today by about four hundred million people. It is also the name used internationally (Spanish, espagnol, Spanisch, spagnolo, etc.). &lt;strong&gt;Even though it's a synonym of español&lt;/strong&gt;, it is &lt;strong&gt;preferable to reserve the term castellano&lt;/strong&gt; for referring to the Romance dialect born in the Kingdom of Castile during the Middle Ages, or the Spanish dialect that &lt;strong&gt;is spoken today in the region&lt;/strong&gt;. In Spain, the name castellano is also used when referring to the common language of the state in relation to other co-official languages in their respective autonomous territories, such as Catalan, Galician, and Basque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both terms are used for Spanish because they are synonyms, but Español is less ambiguous; so it's preferable to use Español for &quot;Spanish&quot;  and &quot;Castellano&quot; to refer to the Spanish spoken in the Spanish area of Castilla. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &quot;Castellano&quot; is also used to refer to the official common language of the country as in some regions there are others official languages (e.g. Basque, Catalan...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T09:13:12.603" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T09:13:12.603" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2011-12-14T08:57:29.630" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It mostly varies by region and pedantry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people like to insist that it must be called &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt; but calmer people accept both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most places use &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt; more but some places including Argentina and Uruguay use &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt; more. Places that have a history of suffering under Spanish dominion also seem to prefer to avoid &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt; is ambiguous because it may refer to how Spanish is now or once was Spoken in Castile - and I'm not sure this region adheres to the RAE more strictly than anywhere else, or that the RAE bases its rules on the language of this region more strongly than anywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE's position is that both are fine and acceptable variants but in their own documents they seem to always use &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that where it's controversial, the controversy even sometimes spills over into English and whether to call the language &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Castillian&lt;/em&gt;, and whether the latter should be used to refer to some official/standard/proper variant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T10:55:11.057" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T10:55:11.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="919" CreationDate="2011-12-14T09:30:57.290" Score="15" ViewCount="146628" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;buenos días&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; is most commonly translated as &amp;quot;good morning,&amp;quot; although apparently it can mean &amp;quot;good day&amp;quot; as well (like a literal translation would suggest).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it appropriate to greet someone with &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;buenos días&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, even if it's not morning? (eg: in English if say &amp;quot;good morning&amp;quot; to someone and it's 13:00 it might be construed as sarcastic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;buenos días&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; se traduce mayoritariamente como &amp;quot;good morning&amp;quot;, aunque aparentemente también puede significar &amp;quot;good day&amp;quot; (como sugeriría una traducción literal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es apropiado saludar a alguien con &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;buenos días&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, aunque no sea por la mañana? (por ejemplo: en inglés decir &amp;quot;good morning&amp;quot; a una persona cuando son las 13:00 hrs se puede considerar sarcástico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T07:13:43.613" Title="When is it appropriate to say &quot;buenos días&quot;?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="921" CreationDate="2011-12-14T09:38:56.100" Score="29" ViewCount="26173" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Good afternoon&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenas tardes&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, and &quot;Good night/evening&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenas noches&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then why isn't &quot;good morning&quot; &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenas mañanas&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;&quot;buenos días&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T09:48:18.123" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T06:56:29.640" Title="Why isn't &quot;good morning&quot; &quot;buenas mañanas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="917" CreationDate="2011-12-14T09:52:03.550" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah it's the same in Spanish. You have to use &quot;Buenos días&quot; if you're in the morning,&quot;Buenas tardes&quot; for the afternoon/evening and &quot;Buenas noches&quot; at night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's difficult to say when you have to stop saying &quot;Buenos días&quot; and start saying &quot;Buenas tardes&quot;. Literally, the point would be at noon, but at least in Spain people say &quot;Buenos días&quot; before having lunch and &quot;Buenas tardes after that point&quot; (Spanish people have lunch around 2 pm or so). The change between &quot;Buenas tardes&quot; and &quot;Buenas noches&quot; would be in the sunset but the change could also be done at dinner time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you say &quot;Buenos días&quot; at 6pm it would be definitely strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2015-02-21T14:35:50.807" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T14:35:50.807" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="914" CreationDate="2011-12-14T11:21:19.500" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. In a conversation, you can try to guess it (age, ring, etc.) and expect to be corrected (not too harshly) if wrong (and if the other party cares about your mistake).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In more formal situations, a common way is just stating &quot;Señora o Señorita&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this distinction is less important than in English, since a woman does not take her husband's name. So, it will be either &quot;Señorita Pérez&quot; or &quot;Señora Pérez&quot;, not &quot;Señorita Pérez&quot; or &quot;Señora Martínez&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T12:09:45.577" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T12:09:45.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-12-14T14:17:41.747" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because Spanish is a language that evolved independently from English, which means translations do not have to follow the same rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buenos días&lt;/strong&gt; is what you say between dawn and noon. The day is just starting, so it makes sense to wish the other person a good day, not just a good morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T14:17:41.747" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="923" CreationDate="2011-12-14T17:00:55.393" Score="15" ViewCount="1051" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it acceptable to leave out inverted question marks and exclamation points (¿ ¡) from questions and exclamatory sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask this because some computers and other devices I use won't let me add an input method that supports inverted punctuation marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T18:06:05.723" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T18:06:05.723" Title="Is it acceptable to leave out the inverted punctuation marks?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="922" CreationDate="2011-12-14T17:38:26.123" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Officially (according to the Real Academia Española), both must be used in almost all cases. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; includes a &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=interrogaci%F3n%20y%20exclamaci%F3n%20(signos%20de)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;section on question marks and exclamation points&lt;/a&gt;, which says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son signos dobles, pues existe un signo de apertura y otro de cierre, que deben colocarse de forma obligatoria al comienzo y al final del enunciado correspondiente; no obstante, existen casos en los que solo se usan los signos de cierre (→ 3a y d).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3a) Los signos de cierre escritos entre paréntesis se utilizan para expresar duda (los de interrogación) o sorpresa (los de exclamación), no exentas, en la mayoría de los casos, de ironía: Tendría gracia (?) que hubiera perdido las llaves; Ha terminado los estudios con treinta años y está tan orgulloso (!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3d) Es frecuente el uso de los signos de interrogación en la indicación de fechas dudosas, especialmente en obras de carácter enciclopédico. Se recomienda colocar ambos signos, el de apertura y el de cierre: Hernández, Gregorio (¿1576?-1636), aunque también es posible escribir únicamente el de cierre: Hernández, Gregorio (1576?-1636).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, they are considered paired signs, and should always be placed both at the beginning and end, except in a couple special cases where only the closing sign is used. Those special cases include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A single question mark or exclamation point in parentheses used to express doubt, surprise, or irony.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Question marks used to indicate that a date is unsure. In this case it's still recommended to use opening and closing question marks, but a single closing mark is accepted as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as with most areas of grammar, the official rule isn't what is practically found in all Spanish-speaking areas at all times. In informal Spanish--for example, chatting online--it's common for people to drop the inverted signs or accents on vowels likely because of the point you mentioned (it can take some effort to set up a computer to type them easily). But in written, formal Spanish, the rule is generally followed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of the practical question of typing special characters on a keyboard, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/10/easy-way-to-type-accented-characters&quot;&gt;this meta question&lt;/a&gt; which lists some options. I can't imagine there are many devices that are &lt;em&gt;impossible&lt;/em&gt; to configure to type special characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T17:38:26.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="924" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="926" CreationDate="2011-12-14T17:57:03.540" Score="4" ViewCount="10752" Body="&lt;p&gt;In parts of the Spanish-speaking world, &quot;¿Qué onda?&quot; is used to ask something along the lines of &quot;What's up?&quot;. What are the possible responses to this question? Should it be answered with a &lt;em&gt;bien/mal&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;nada/mucho&lt;/em&gt;, or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T18:07:56.083" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:25:10.137" Title="Proper response to ¿Qué onda?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="924" CreationDate="2011-12-14T18:35:23.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A common response would be:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo bien, ¿y tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="338" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:25:10.137" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:25:10.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="924" CreationDate="2011-12-14T18:41:52.373" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible responses are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí nada más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo perfecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Echándole ganas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Echándole.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí echándole (ganas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nariz: Pretty casual and informal which means nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add the &quot;¿Y tú?&quot; to the end of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T14:55:36.077" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T14:55:36.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="885" CreationDate="2011-12-14T19:51:21.057" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mellado/a&lt;/code&gt; is common used in Spanish for children who are losing their milk teeth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an adult you can use &lt;code&gt;sin dientes&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;desdentado&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:24:23.680" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:24:23.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="924" CreationDate="2011-12-14T20:10:17.937" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additional to Alfredo's answer I would like to add some context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can answer as you can answer to any greeting. Be aware I am not a Mexican native speaker, although I have friends that come from Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bien, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Super bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Super mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as a bonus I tease my friends taking the phrase literal. &lt;strong&gt;Onda&lt;/strong&gt; is wave. So to just pull their leg you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué onda? - Coseno OR Tangente OR Coseno OR Cosecante OR Magnética [...] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an extra bonus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué onda?&lt;/strong&gt; is mostly used in Mexico and orignated from the literature current of the 1960's and 70's but has been used since 1940 more or less. &lt;strong&gt;&quot;La onda&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; was referred to in this time to attitudes that where about rebellion against the &lt;em&gt;status quo&lt;/em&gt;, against the &lt;em&gt;burgueses&lt;/em&gt; and the rich class. A lot of influence coming from the USSR. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the book &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Onda y literatura de México&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;Margo Glantz&lt;/strong&gt; :&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Editorial Siglo XXI, 1973 &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;De la jerga de los adolescentes de la clase media se desprende,&#xA;  también, la incorporación, en los textos dela onda, de palabras tabú o&#xA;  tabúes verbales que rayan en lo excesivo de su uso, como excesivo es&#xA;  en el habla cotidiana del pueblo mexicano, en especial, en los&#xA;  jóvenes. Al respecto narra García Saldaña su propia experiencia al&#xA;  transitar por la generación de la onda: &quot;en el principio fueron&#xA;  palabras prohibidas, parecían formar el lenguaje de un terrorista, de&#xA;  un anarquista, de un revolucionario de la nada&quot; (1972: 48). La&#xA;  intención con el empleo de estas palabras tabú era agredir y protestar&#xA;  contra la clase social minoritaria dominante, así como, contra los&#xA;  miembros de otras clases sociales que imitaban los modelos axiológicos&#xA;  y morales de dicha clase social dominante: la burguesía: &quot;ante el&#xA;  pudor de la gente respetable, las palabras eran bombas que explotan&#xA;  frente a su menguada, hipócrita moralidad&quot; (García, 1972: 49). Así&#xA;  demostraban su inconformidad, su rebeldía, su insatisfacción; actitud&#xA;  imitada por aquella generación vanguardista de jóvenes&#xA;  estadounidenses. Sin embargo con esta actitud, no solamente, herían a&#xA;  una clase social sino que también manifestaban su repudio contra el&#xA;  régimen dominante, contra el sistema de gobierno y su estructura&#xA;  social: &quot;para la Institución, la agitación de estos rebeldes no tiene&#xA;  razón de ser. No pertenecen a la adolescencia y a la juventud&#xA;  estudiosas, no se preparan para servir a la patria, no pretenden&#xA;  funcionar dentro de la patria&quot; (García, 1972: 50). De esta manera, el&#xA;  frenetismo así como la insubordinación desgarradora, aprehendidos de&#xA;  la generación beat, se ponen de manifiesto en nuestro país por medio&#xA;  de la generación de la onda. Existió un vínculo entre esos escritores&#xA;  y una forma de conducta, de vestir, de pensar, que dominó durante esa&#xA;  época al mundo y por supuesto a nuestro país en una versión&#xA;  nacionalizada: los hippies o hippitecas, en este caso, quienes&#xA;  adoptaron la actitud de anticonvencionalismo concebida como una&#xA;  respuesta a un sistema social dominante: el capitalismo. La tendencia&#xA;  política por parte de los hippies mexicanos estuvo dirigida hacia el&#xA;  sistema oponente: el socialismo. Tendencia política que alcanza a&#xA;  filtrarse en algunas de las novelas de la onda, como forma también de&#xA;  arraigarse en una forma de pensamiento que se opusiera al consumismo&#xA;  capitalista....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T20:10:17.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2011-12-14T21:15:32.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has some connotations, as people said before. Especially for places that suffered under Spanish rule and also for the regions in Spain that have autoctonous languages. One thing you have to consider is that some autochtonous languages of regions in Spain (like catalan) were banned by Kings or dictators in the past so that Spanish would be the only used language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, there is a quite extended feeling in some regions of having been forced to use &quot;castellano&quot; and being persecuted for using their own language. This feeling makes it preferable to say &quot;castellano&quot; (associating it with the original region of the language&quot;) rather than &quot;spanish&quot; (which reminds of the forced centralism and unification).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This controversy is not at the point that someone could get offended if you choose either, but there are historical reasons for the exact choice, as you can see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in most contexts, it just doesn't matter and both are used (even in these regions I mentioned).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T21:15:32.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="910" CreationDate="2011-12-14T21:23:09.140" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to add a standard Spanish example, as I see the previous answer is more Mexican-oriented (with all due respect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuánto &lt;strong&gt;se tarda&lt;/strong&gt; en llegar a Los Ángeles en coche?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Está a 50 millas? Cuánto &lt;strong&gt;se tarda&lt;/strong&gt; en llegar?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for differentiation, in Spain we would not replace &quot;cuánto&quot; with &quot;qué tanto&quot; and we would not use &quot;tomar&quot;, although we would understand it, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T08:36:54.260" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T08:36:54.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="900" CreationDate="2011-12-14T22:21:46.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish from Spain, a meaning is &quot;nothing to do&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no tiene &lt;strong&gt;nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt; con lo que estábamos hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one is: &quot;It's totally different&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante al que hemos ido no tenía &lt;strong&gt;nada que ver&lt;/strong&gt; con aquel al&#xA;  que fuimos el martes. Era mucho mejor!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T17:21:41.193" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T17:21:41.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="967" CreationDate="2011-12-14T22:32:32.113" Score="5" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I was reading the newspaper today I stumbled against something that is quite common and a bit obscure in writing in spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/vida-de-hoy/educacion/carta-a-camilo-jimenez_10913410-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;opinion column.&lt;/a&gt; (The opinion and debate exposed is &lt;strong&gt;irrelevant&lt;/strong&gt; to the question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is the fragment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que hice con el concepto que él introdujo abrió infinitos&#xA;  escenarios de duda y debate. Humildemente le sugiero: si usted quiere&#xA;  dar una clase en la que la crítica, la duda y el debate sean los&#xA;  protagonistas, &lt;strong&gt;(haga)&lt;/strong&gt; que su eje transversal no sea saber hacer un&#xA;  resumen. ¿Qué le puedo preguntar a un resumen? Con esto &lt;strong&gt;(no)&lt;/strong&gt; quiero&#xA;  decir que no sea fundamental para un editor escribir bien y manejar la&#xA;  economía de medios, pero creo que sus críticas deberían ser más&#xA;  coherentes con el tipo de contenidos que ofrece en su clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I want to know is the (haga) and (no)&lt;/strong&gt;. I understand what they want to expose and to make the reader understand. But I don't know how is this form &lt;strong&gt;officially called&lt;/strong&gt; in spanish grammar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it comes from multiple sources and the RAE I'd be delighted. But it's not mandatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T10:08:49.037" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T18:20:22.513" Title="What is an expression in parentheses in the middle of a phrase called?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-14T22:35:50.187" Score="9" ViewCount="4358" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; can be used in a few different constructions to convey how something looks or seems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te ves bonita.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se te ve mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te veo bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the reflexive constructions, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=verse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the WordReference entry for &lt;em&gt;verse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; doesn't seem to even include these senses (although their forums have many threads on the topic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly do the three forms above mean, and how are they used in general? And what is the function of the object pronouns for each (i.e. are they reflexive, indirect, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-05T13:01:32.227" Title="Usage of &quot;ver(se)&quot; for &quot;to seem/look&quot; (te ves, se te ve, te veo, etc.)" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;se&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="939" CreationDate="2011-12-14T22:45:26.080" Score="10" ViewCount="10920" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have double quotation marks (&quot;) and single quotation marks ('). Spanish adds angular quotation marks (« »). What is the official rule for which type of mark should be used when in Spanish? What about in everyday use, when do people tend to use each?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T13:47:03.790" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T13:47:03.790" Title="Quotation mark usage in Spanish" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="937" CreationDate="2011-12-14T22:50:35.320" Score="9" ViewCount="9775" Body="&lt;p&gt;English uses at least two types of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash&quot;&gt;dashes&lt;/a&gt; (en dash and em dash) along with &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphen&quot;&gt;hyphens&lt;/a&gt;, and there are (fairly complex, in my opinion) rules on when and how each should be used. What types of dashes or hyphens appear in Spanish? What are the rules governing their usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-26T15:57:18.427" LastActivityDate="2019-09-26T15:57:18.427" Title="Dash and hyphen usage in Spanish" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-12-14T23:12:20.423" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you express your wishes for the remaining of the day. So, in the morning, you wish a good day. After noon (sometimes after lunch), you wish a good afternoon. Good night is said when the day is over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T23:12:20.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="935" CreationDate="2011-12-14T23:46:42.790" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish names for the hyphen, en-dash and em-dash are &lt;em&gt;guión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;semiraya&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;raya menor&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;raya&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. In Spanish, the en-dash is not widely used although, due to English influence, its use has become rather common nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;raya&lt;/em&gt; (em-dash) usually indicates separation; for example, it signals interventions of different  characters in a dialogue and it also can be used to signal a new item in a list. The &lt;em&gt;raya&lt;/em&gt; is also used to avoid repeating a word or a group of words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the &lt;em&gt;guión&lt;/em&gt; (hyphen) usually indicates union: of two words as in &lt;em&gt;científico-técnico&lt;/em&gt;, of suffixes and words, as in &lt;em&gt;intra-aórtico&lt;/em&gt;, and it is also used, as the hyphen, at the end of a line to indicate that a word will continue in the next line. The &lt;em&gt;guión&lt;/em&gt; is also used between numbers forming an interval, as in &lt;em&gt;pág. 178-185&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, see the entries for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=guion2%20o%20gui%F3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;guión&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=raya&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;raya&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionarion panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following image shows a comparison of the three signs as produced by LaTeX using the palatino font at a font size of 80pt (the letters were included only to show the position of the symbols with respect to the text baseline):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PbwMN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T00:06:07.447" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T00:06:07.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="933" CreationDate="2011-12-14T23:49:50.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You find yourself pretty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for ego talking. If I say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me veo bien&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, that means I'm happy with my body, with my level of English... &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You look bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an opinion on how are you, but is used for a general statement, something that everyone can notice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I can see you're ok!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the same as 2, but with the subject giving an opinion. An example:&#xA;&quot;Tu madre dice que estás gorda, pero yo &lt;strong&gt;te veo bien&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T00:02:48.697" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T00:02:48.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="934" CreationDate="2011-12-15T00:31:29.820" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a summary of what the RAE says about the different types of quotation marks in Spanish (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=comillas&quot;&gt;comillas&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most usual types of quotation marks in Spanish are angular quotation marks (« »), double quotation marks (“ ”) and single quotation marks (‘ ’). Double and single quotation marks are written in the upper part of the line, and the angular quotation marks should be centered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quotation marks are written immediately before the first word and immediately after the last words of the phrase they mark, without leaving extra spaces, and leaving a space to separate them from the word or symbol that precedes or follows them; as an exception, if what comes after the closing quotation mark is a punctuation symbol, no space should be left between the mark and the punctuation sign. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In written texts, it is recommended to use first the angular marks, saving the other types to be used to mark part of a text that has already been quoted. If this is the case, the single marks should be used in the last place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of a sentence requiring the use of the three types of quotation marks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Antonio me dijo: “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In dialogue it is a common practice to to omit quotation marks, replacing them with an initial dash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up to here, what the RAE says. In practice, however, most people tend to use the double quotation marks at the first level instead of the suggested angular marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T14:39:51.963" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T14:39:51.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="940" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:19:16.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El idioma es algo en constante evolución. Desde los principios del lenguaje hasta nuestros días, las palabras han ido cambiando, modificándose y adaptándose a cada nuevo tiempo. La etimología es el estudio del origen de las palabras, de la cronología de su incorporación a un idioma, así como de la fuente y los detalles de sus cambios estructurales de forma y de significado. Las preguntas etiquetadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/etimolog%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;etimolog&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;etimolog&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt; deben tratar de buscar el origen tanto de palabras como de expresiones del español, o de comprender la evolución de estas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Languages are in constant evolution. From the beginnings of language up to the present time, words have been changing, getting modified and adapted in each new historical period. Etymology is the study of the history of words, their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed over time. Thus, questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/etimolog%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;etimolog&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;etimolog&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt; should seek to understand the origin of some word or expression, or how it has evolved over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/etimolog%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;etimolog&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;etimolog&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/137/12637&quot;&gt;Origin and usage of &quot;¿&quot; and &quot;¡&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/513/12637&quot;&gt;Why &quot;buenas noches&quot; when it's only one night?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2634/12637&quot;&gt;How did &quot;asistir&quot; and &quot;atender&quot; become opposite of their cognates in english?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18440/12637&quot;&gt;Etymologically, why do “ser” and “estar” exist?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T21:19:21.017" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T21:19:21.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="941" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:19:16.627" Score="0" Body="Origen de las palabras, razón de su existencia, significación y forma. // The origins of terms and their development through history." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T21:19:32.777" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T21:19:32.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="942" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:20:40.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La ortografía (del latín &lt;em&gt;orthographia&lt;/em&gt; y del griego &lt;em&gt;ὀρθογραφία orthographía&lt;/em&gt; 'escritura correcta') es el conjunto de reglas y convenciones que rigen el sistema de escritura habitual establecido para una lengua estándar. Las preguntas etiquetadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ortograf%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ortograf&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ortograf&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt; deben versas sobre el correcto uso y aplicación de este conjunto de normas. Véase como ejemplos el correcto deletreo de palabras, el uso de tildes, el uso de signos puntuación, empleo de mayúsculas, separación de palabras, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language. It includes norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation. Questions marked as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ortograf%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ortograf&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ortograf&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt; must be about the proper use and application of this set of rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions marked as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ortograf%c3%ada&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ortograf&amp;#237;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ortograf&amp;#237;a&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/84/12637&quot;&gt;How important are accents in written Spanish?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/137/12637&quot;&gt;Origin and usage of “¿” and “¡”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/245/12637&quot;&gt;Why is the “X” in México and Texas pronunced as the letter “J”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:54:46.577" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:54:46.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="943" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:20:40.260" Score="0" Body="Deletreo, puntuación, uso de tildes, etc. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Correct spelling, punctuation, use of accent/diacritical marks, etc." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:54:46.577" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:54:46.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="944" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:21:44.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los modismos también se llaman expresiones fijas o idiomáticas, o frases hechas o idiomáticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idioms, set phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:44:07.270" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:44:07.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="945" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:21:44.677" Score="0" Body="Expresión fija cuyo significado no se deduce de las palabras que la forman. Puede ser una sola palabra o una frase hecha. // Set phrase, whose meaning isn't the same as the literal sum of its parts. May be just one word or a phrase." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:44:07.270" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:44:07.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="946" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:22:48.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parte de la oración que expresa la acción, estado o movimiento. Se conjuga para expresar concordancia con el sujeto de la acción (ej, tercera persona del plural), tiempo de la acción (pasado, presente, futuro), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of speech used for actions, states or occurrences.  Can be conjugated to indicate person, number (e.g. third person plural), tense (past, present, future), mood, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T04:54:54.813" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T04:54:54.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="947" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:22:48.903" Score="0" Body="Parte de la oración que expresa acción, estado o movimiento. //&#xD;&#xA;The part of speech that expresses action, state or occurrence." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:44:27.423" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:44:27.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="948" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:24:14.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Términos con el mismo, o casi, significado en al menos uno de sus sentidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Terms with the same or almost the same meaning in at least one of their senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:03:40.863" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:03:40.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="949" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:24:14.767" Score="0" Body="Términos con el mismo, o casi, significado en al menos uno de sus sentidos. // Terms with the same or almost the same meaning in at least one of their senses." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:03:40.863" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:03:40.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="950" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:24:58.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acerca de cómo las palabras están organizadas y arregladas para formar frases y oraciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About how words are ordered and arranged to form phrases and sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:24.207" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:24.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="951" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:24:58.357" Score="0" Body="Acerca de cómo las palabras están organizadas y arregladas para formar frases y oraciones. //&#xD;&#xA;About how words are ordered and arranged to form phrases and sentences." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:24.207" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:24.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="952" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:26:44.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos copulativos son: ser, estar y parecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca pueden llevar complemento directo; en cambio, llevan un complemento obligatorio llamado atributo que suele ser frecuentemente un sintagma nominal o adjetival y más raramente otros, y que representa un estado, esencia o cualidad del sujeto. Pueden llevar asimismo cualquier otro tipo de complemento, salvo el predicativo y el agente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos preguntas canónicas al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19836/1674&quot;&gt;What are the differences between &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;? When to use each? // &amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;les son las diferencias entre &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;? &amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;ndo se usa cada uno?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18440/1674&quot;&gt;Etymologically, why do &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; exist? / Etimol&amp;#243;gicamente, &amp;#191;por qu&amp;#233; existen &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_copulativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia - verbo copulativo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T13:56:33.443" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:56:33.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="953" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:26:44.797" Score="0" Body="Verbos copulativos: ser, estar y parecer. Words equivalent to English &quot;to be&quot;, including &quot;ser&quot;, &quot;estar&quot;, and all their conjugated forms." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T09:53:12.987" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T09:53:12.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="954" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:28:12.660" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T09:28:12.660" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T09:28:12.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="955" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:28:12.660" Score="0" Body="About the names of concepts and phenomena peculiar to the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T10:37:48.187" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T10:37:48.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="956" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:29:46.293" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T09:29:46.293" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T09:29:46.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="957" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:29:46.293" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre las palabras interrogativas como &quot;qué&quot;, &quot;dónde&quot;, etc. y sobre cómo formar las preguntas. // For questions about interrogatives such as &quot;qué&quot;, &quot;dónde&quot;, etc., and how questions are formed." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T21:28:27.093" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T21:28:27.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="958" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:31:43.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Subjunctive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A verbal mood used for expressing the counterfactual such as wishing, including how to conjugate and use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:57:12.677" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:57:12.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="959" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:31:43.453" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el modo verbal subjuntivo // A verbal mood used for expressing the counterfactual such as wishing, including how to conjugate and use it." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-03-31T09:42:00.030" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T09:42:00.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="960" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:35:01.143" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T09:35:01.143" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T09:35:01.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="961" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:35:01.143" Score="0" Body="Accent and similar marks such as á, é, í, ñ, ó, ú, ü, and the archaic ç." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-15T10:36:04.943" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T10:36:04.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2011-12-15T09:52:16.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of the distinctions which you will always get wrong, because native speakers disagree. In part it comes down to politics. For example, some pro-independence Catalans will say &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt; because it's the language of Spain (and Catalunya isn't part of Spain); some pro-integration Catalans will say &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt; because (Catalunya being part of Spain) they want to distinguish between &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt; and the other Spanish languages (with Catalan usually being the pertinent one). Even that's too simplistic an analysis, but it serves to illustrate the point: just pick one and get used to people correcting you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T09:52:16.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2011-12-15T14:20:11.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all comes down to times of Franco dictatorship. Back then there was (officially) only one language in Spain - Spanish (&lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt;), all other regional languages were strictly forbidden.  The name suggest, that it's a language of whole Spain, while in fact many regions have their own languages or dialects. Hence now in Spain it's more commonly called &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt;, to underline that it's not the only language for the whole population of Spain (I'd write Spaniards, but that's would again be controversial, as some separatists don't consider themselves Spaniards, even though they live in what's currently Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand in the Americas, first of all there was no Franco dictatorship, secondly the only language from Spain used there is Spanish. Thus the term &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt; is not at all controversial and accepted on par with &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2011-12-19T08:58:23.933" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T08:58:23.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="984" CreationDate="2011-12-15T15:43:26.783" Score="9" ViewCount="3516" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the origin of the word &amp;quot;chido&amp;quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When did it become popular in Mexico?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué chido esta tu carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaría bien chido si ganara la lotería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chido, da.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Méx. bonito (? lindo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Méx. Muy bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T12:58:09.897" Title="What's the origin of the word &quot;chido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="981" CreationDate="2011-12-15T16:03:18.990" Score="7" ViewCount="1381" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you will see below the preterite suffers from an odd transformation. Even native speakers make the mistake of conjugating the preterite of &lt;em&gt;traducir&lt;/em&gt; wrong. For instance instead of &lt;em&gt;traduje&lt;/em&gt; they mistakenly say &lt;em&gt;traducí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo traduzco &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú traduces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él traduce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros traducimos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos traducen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo traduje&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú tradujiste&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él tradujo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros tradujimos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos tradujeron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="89" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T13:23:28.750" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T13:23:28.750" Title="Why does the preterite of &quot;traducir&quot; transform into &quot;tradujo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="932" CreationDate="2011-12-15T18:20:22.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are simply refer to as &lt;em&gt;adiciones&lt;/em&gt; (additions); the DPD recommends (under &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=corchete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;corchete&lt;/a&gt;) the use of square brackets to perform such additions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) En la transcripción de un texto, se emplean para marcar cualquier interpolación o modificación en el texto original, como aclaraciones, adiciones, enmiendas o el desarrollo de abreviaturas: Hay otros [templos] de esta misma época de los que no se conserva prácticamente nada;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T18:20:22.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="965" CreationDate="2011-12-15T18:20:53.147" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Traducir&quot; is an irregular verb that follows the conjugation model of &quot;conducir&quot;. In Spanish there are a few irregular verbs, some of them are completely irregular and others just partially.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbolog.com/conjuga.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;At the conjugation site of Instituto de Verbología Hispánica&lt;/a&gt; you can find the 101 conjugation models in Spanish with the list of irregulars; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbolog.com/igca.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this data base&lt;/a&gt; allows you to find any infinitive and indicates all the information about the verb you're looking for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T20:44:37.370" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T20:44:37.370" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="978" CreationDate="2011-12-15T18:34:30.053" Score="6" ViewCount="7043" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; translated as &lt;em&gt;enough&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plenty&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;too much&lt;/em&gt;. What range of meanings does &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; have? How can you determine whether it means &lt;em&gt;just enough&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;too much&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T12:58:42.153" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T14:00:45.813" Title="bastante: enough or too much?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="979" CreationDate="2011-12-15T19:29:19.040" Score="9" ViewCount="5134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many questions on this site have been about the etymology of a particular word or phrase. For English, resources like the Oxford English Dictionary often give researched etymologies full of details and citations. Are there any similar resources in Spanish for researching word etymologies? Are there any freely available online?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:58:49.680" Title="Spanish etymology resources" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2021-02-04T08:58:59.360" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-12-15T21:45:16.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enough (or just enough)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ya he tenido &lt;strong&gt;bastante&lt;/strong&gt;!&amp;quot; (I've had enough of this!). Maybe this is the meaning you confuse with &amp;quot;too much&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mi perro es &lt;strong&gt;bastante&lt;/strong&gt; viejo&amp;quot; (My dog is quite old).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T13:15:02.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="933" CreationDate="2011-12-15T23:44:33.953" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You seem cute. (Depends on context. It could also be used to imply someone thinks they're cute.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object pronoun is reflexive and is used to establish the passive voice. &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parecer&lt;/code&gt; can be used interchangeably most of the time in this context (&lt;em&gt;to seem&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You look bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is used to establish the passive voice, and the &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;te ve&lt;/code&gt; is a direct object pronoun. Its antecedent is the implied &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; (since it's the passive voice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't see anything wrong with you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te&lt;/code&gt; is a direct object here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is something else to clarify. Only 1 and 2 are actually examples of &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt;. The third is simply &lt;code&gt;ver&lt;/code&gt; + direct object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="84" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T23:44:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="973" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18249" CreationDate="2011-12-16T00:06:54.267" Score="4" ViewCount="5074" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the US, it is common for workers to take a half-hour or hour lunch break in the middle of the day, plus two ten or fifteen minute breaks in the morning and afternoon. Spanish has many words that can be translated &quot;break&quot; (descanso, recreo, pausa, entreacto, interrupción, vacaciones, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to describe a break from work (during the day, not an extended vacation) in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T02:18:52.683" Title="Translating &quot;break&quot; (during work)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="977" CreationDate="2011-12-16T00:20:11.213" Score="4" ViewCount="2184" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sour?q=sour%20grapes#sour__12&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Oxford dictionary:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sour grapes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;used to refer to an attitude in which someone adopts a negative attitude to something because they cannot have it themselves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;government officials dismissed many of the complaints as sour grapes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent or similar expression in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T19:06:46.750" Title="How can I translate the expression &quot;sour grapes&quot; to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-12-16T00:26:07.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=bastante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;enough&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;quite a bit&amp;quot;, like c4sh says in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/971/80&quot;&gt;their answer&lt;/a&gt;. I've never seen it translated as &lt;em&gt;too&lt;/em&gt; much:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bastante.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que basta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adv. c. Ni mucho ni poco, ni más ni menos de lo regular, ordinario o preciso; sin sobra ni falta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adv. c. No poco. &lt;em&gt;Es bastante rico Bastante bella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And these are all the meanings listed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T00:26:07.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="973" CreationDate="2011-12-16T00:32:14.827" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best translation would be &lt;em&gt;descanso&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=descanso&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; lists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quietud, reposo o pausa en el trabajo o fatiga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as one of the meanings of &lt;em&gt;descanso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;recreo&lt;/em&gt; would probably be best translated as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recess_%28break%29&quot;&gt;&quot;recess&quot;&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pausa&lt;/em&gt; is closer to &quot;pause&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;entreacto&lt;/em&gt; is closer to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermission&quot;&gt;&quot;intermission&quot;&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;interrupción&lt;/em&gt; is closer to &quot;interruption&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacaciones&lt;/em&gt; is closer to &quot;vacation&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="80" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T00:37:45.267" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T00:37:45.267" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2011-12-16T01:18:05.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The precise translation may vary depending on the context, but &lt;em&gt;envidia&lt;/em&gt; captures the meaning of &lt;em&gt;sour grapes&lt;/em&gt;; take a look at the definition according to the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;envidia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. invidĭa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Tristeza o pesar del bien ajeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Emulación, deseo de algo que no se posee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your concrete example, I would say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los representantes del gobierno rechazaron la mayoría de las quejas por considerarlas producto de la envidia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T01:18:05.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-12-16T05:19:02.587" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the spectrum is comparable with English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insuficiente - not enough / insufficient&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;suficiente - enough / sufficient&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bastante - plenty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;demasiado - too much&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually hear 'bastante' used when implying more than 'enough'; although it's not exactly the same as 'plenty', it's pretty close in a lot of cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comí suficiente.  &amp;quot;I ate enough&amp;quot; (ie, but no more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comí bastante.  &amp;quot;I ate plenty&amp;quot; (ie, as much as I could possibly want)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comí demasiado.  &amp;quot;I ate too much&amp;quot; (ie, now I feel sick)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T05:19:02.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="970" CreationDate="2011-12-16T05:29:27.897" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/drae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's dictionary&lt;/a&gt; provides &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; information on etymology. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diablo&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. diabŏlus, y este del gr. διάβολος).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;albóndiga&lt;/strong&gt; (Del ár. hisp. albúnduqa, este del ár. clás. bunduqah, y este del gr. [κάρυον] ποντικόν '[nuez] póntica').&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;té&lt;/strong&gt; (Del chino dialect. de Amoy te).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that's the most authoritative free online resource. There are others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dicciomed.usal.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dicciomed.usal.es&lt;/a&gt; : decent, but it hasn't got many words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/palabra.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.elcastellano.org/palabra.php&lt;/a&gt; : extensive explanations, but doesn't look very authoritative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a book, you might want to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/9681655435&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; by Gómez de Silva Guido. It claims to have &amp;quot;10 000 artículos, 1 300 familias de palabras&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T08:15:55.443" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:15:55.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="982" CreationDate="2011-12-16T05:55:34.593" Score="14" ViewCount="14349" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native Portuguese speaker, where &lt;em&gt;noiva&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;bride&quot; or &quot;fiancée.&quot; So I was very confused when someone asked me if a girl was my &lt;em&gt;novia&lt;/em&gt;, since she didn't have an engagement ring (thank goodness I didn't give her one. But I digress). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only later I learned that &lt;em&gt;novia&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as &quot;girlfriend,&quot; &quot;fiancée&quot; and &quot;bride.&quot; It seems like &lt;em&gt;novia&lt;/em&gt; is the most common translation of &quot;girlfriend,&quot; but what about the others? Should I refer to my fiancée as my &lt;em&gt;prometida&lt;/em&gt;? What do people call a bride?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="80" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T19:44:26.073" Title="How can I distinguish between &quot;girlfriend,&quot; &quot;fiancée&quot; and &quot;bride&quot;, which are all &quot;novia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="965" CreationDate="2011-12-16T06:01:31.793" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason traces back to the Latin forms (and possibly farther back than that).  In Latin, duco/ducere &quot;to lead&quot; changes &quot;c&quot; to &quot;x&quot; (c+s = x) to form the perfect tense: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sphinx.metameat.net/latin.php?paradigm=duco&quot;&gt;duxi, duxisti, duxit, ...&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;This verb is the root of traducir, conducir, etc. Latin &quot;x&quot; normally corresponds with Spanish &quot;j&quot;, hence conduje, condujiste, condujo, .... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although most Spanish verbs are more regular, a few common irregular verbs still preserve this direct derivation of Latin perfect tense conjugations with unaccented personal endings -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -ieron, such as querer&gt;quise, tener&gt;tuve, estar&gt;estuve, traer&gt;traje, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T06:01:31.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="980" CreationDate="2011-12-16T08:20:49.260" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usual translations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Girlfriend: Novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fiancée: Prometida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bride: Novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the confusion could be about girlfriend and bride. Usually the difference is in the context of the sentence. If the speaker is speaking about a wedding it will refer to a bride (the wedding dress that she wears usually helps :) ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the article used sometimes can help, for intance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; novia es muy guapa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case as it is used a definite article, it means that in the context there is only one &amp;quot;novia&amp;quot;. This is the usual case of a wedding day, because there's only one bride (usually). So it's likely that the meaning is &amp;quot;bride&amp;quot;, but it could mean &amp;quot;Girlfriend&amp;quot; in a situation where there would be only a girlfriend and by saying &amp;quot;the girlfriend&amp;quot; everybody would know we're referring to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt; novia es muy guapa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case is not used a definite article but a possessive adjective. &amp;quot;I can have a girlfriend&amp;quot;, but it's weird to say &amp;quot;I have a bride&amp;quot;, so in this case we'd be referring to a &amp;quot;Girlfriend&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T08:20:49.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2011-12-16T08:41:41.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from &quot;envidia&quot; given by Gonzalo Medina, maybe &quot;&lt;strong&gt;frustración&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can also match the meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gobierno desestimó muchas de las quejas por ser producto de la frustración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T08:41:41.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="964" CreationDate="2011-12-16T12:58:09.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several theories as to the origin of &lt;strong&gt;Chido&lt;/strong&gt; the one that is the most accepted one is that it came on the migratory waves of the XIX century coming from &lt;em&gt;Asturias&lt;/em&gt; in Spain. From the word &lt;em&gt;xidu&lt;/em&gt; in asturian, that practically means beautiful, and nice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term first appeared officially in Mexico under the dictionary of criminal slang of Carlos Roumagnac in 1904. &#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según la conjetura que goza de mejores fundamentos (tanto lingüísticos como históricos), la palabra chido tendría su origen en el asturiano xidu (pronunciado ʃidu),&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chido&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; de donde habría pasado al xido del léxico mexicano a través de las oleadas migratorias del siglo XIX, y finalmente al vernáculo chido por mediación de los movimientos culturales de los años sesenta y setenta del siglo XX. Efectivamente, en lengua bable la palabra xidu significa &quot;hermoso&quot;, &quot;bello&quot;, &quot;bonito&quot;, &quot;bueno&quot;,[2] y, de hecho, el término (con precisamente las mismas acepciones) aparece en México documentado por primera vez en 1904 bajo la voz xido del diccionario de jerga criminal de Carlos Roumagnac.[3] La forma xido (en vez de xidu) tendría su justificación lingüística en que las formas equivalentes a los vocablos asturianos terminados en -u suelen presentar la terminación -o en castellano, teniendo casi siempre su origen ambas desinencias en las latinas -us y -um, pero a veces formándose por analogía o simple asimilación.[4] En cuanto al valor fonético ʃ, representado por la x, éste con frecuencia pasa al castellano como ch, lo cual explicaría la ulterior transformación de xido en chido.[5] Por último, la verosimilitud histórico-social de este presunto préstamo se ve reforzada por la importante migración de asturianos a México durante los siglos XIX y XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another theory states that &lt;strong&gt;chido&lt;/strong&gt; derives from the word in spanish &lt;strong&gt;chiro&lt;/strong&gt; that in the streets means brilliant. Specially in Tepito, Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer the question it most likely became popular during the XX century, used mainly in slang. And its origin is debatable, though the most accepted theory is it comes from asturian &lt;strong&gt;xidu&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are additional theories that are documented on wikipedia if you further read the references sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chido&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T12:58:09.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="970" CreationDate="2011-12-16T13:22:01.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides the RAE itself, some of the other academy branches in the other Spanish speaking countries also publish dictionaries which can be very useful for regionalisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Academia mexicana de la lengua publishes such a dictionary and it is also available free online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.org.mx/obras/obras-de-consulta-en-linea/diccionario-breve-de-mexicanismos-de-guido-gomez-de-silva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario breve de mexicanismos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T01:19:57.187" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T01:19:57.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2011-12-16T13:49:57.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Larousse Gran Diccionario translates it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IDIOM &lt;strong&gt;it's (a case of) sour grapes&lt;/strong&gt; es cuestión de despecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there may not be an equivalent idiom, or at least not a widely used one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T13:49:57.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="990" CreationDate="2011-12-16T14:27:52.307" Score="8" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm related to David, he's my grandad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy relacionado con David, él es mi abuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;estoy&lt;/em&gt; used and not &lt;em&gt;soy&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that the relationship is permanent and defining, so I would expect &lt;em&gt;soy&lt;/em&gt; to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user261" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T17:34:14.303" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T13:32:34.383" Title="Why is 'estoy' used when saying &quot;I'm related to&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="870" CreationDate="2011-12-16T14:46:25.333" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you follow through another step with the DRAE you'll find that it indicates the etymology of &lt;em&gt;cuchar&lt;/em&gt; as the Latin word &lt;em&gt;cochleāre&lt;/em&gt;; according to latin-dictionary.org this means &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latin-dictionary.org/latin-english-online-dictionary/cochleare&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;spoon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and was originally a spoon for extracting snails from their shells; &lt;em&gt;snail&lt;/em&gt; being &lt;em&gt;cochlea&lt;/em&gt;. So actually &lt;em&gt;cuchillo&lt;/em&gt; has come further in form from its Latin root (&lt;em&gt;cultell-&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;cuchill-&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;cochle-&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;cuch-&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T14:46:25.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="987" CreationDate="2011-12-16T17:12:37.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Javi mentioned, a better translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy emparentado con David.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to use &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is always difficult for foreign speakers. While the rule of thumb is that &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; is used for something permanent, there are many exceptions that you'll just have to learn using the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said: what about inlaws? That relationship is not necessarily permanent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2020-04-07T13:32:34.383" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T13:32:34.383" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="996" CreationDate="2011-12-16T17:49:54.060" Score="14" ViewCount="13106" Body="&lt;p&gt;A long time ago in Spanish class, we were taught that &quot;it&quot; was literally &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; but is rarely translated that way. I was thinking about the word recently, and realized I don't know if I've ever (at least consciously) noticed it being used in spoken Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How often is &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; used in informal, spoken speech? In what circumstances can it be used? Are there any sentences that require it (i.e. can't be expressed another way)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-20T15:48:01.100" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T16:51:47.780" Title="When is &quot;ello&quot; used?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="994" CreationDate="2011-12-16T18:07:10.030" Score="2" ViewCount="1751" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm hearing it correctly, there's a line in Carlos Baute's &quot;Colgando En Tus Manos&quot; that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No importa qué dice el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that sentence should be expressed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No importa qué diga el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the indicative and subjunctive in sentences like this? When can the indicative be used instead of the subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T18:54:58.617" Title="Indicative vs. subjunctive in &quot;no importa qué dice el destino&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="993" CreationDate="2011-12-16T18:27:36.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't trust song lyrics since many times they are not grammatically correct. They just try to fix themselves to the melody. If you check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1279209&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the lyrics&lt;/a&gt; first he says the sentence twice but in both ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No importa qué diga el destino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't know yet what it has said. (Subjunctive for supposition), and it doesn't matter what Fate can say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No me importa qué dice el destino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We already know what Fate has said and don't mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit weird knowing what Fate says, so I'd prefer subjuntive, in any of these ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa lo que diga el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa qué diga el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me importa qué diga el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me importa lo que diga el destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T18:54:58.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="992" CreationDate="2011-12-16T18:39:29.650" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ello would be the word for &amp;quot;It&amp;quot; when it is a personal pronoun. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello es muy pesado. (it is very heavy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the problem is that prononuns are usually omitted. So you'd hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy pesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes we can't ommit it (usually because it's an expression or a verb with compulsory preposition), for example in sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a arreglarlo, para &lt;strong&gt;ello&lt;/strong&gt; necesitamos algo de tiempo. (We're going to fix. For this, we need some time.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy en &lt;strong&gt;ello&lt;/strong&gt; (I'm at it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you're only hear in spoken (and also in written) language inexpression like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por ello&#xA;para ello&#xA;todo ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and with the verbs with a compulsory preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T08:36:59.340" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="992" CreationDate="2011-12-16T18:58:13.953" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=ello&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; (DPD) calls &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;neutral form of the the tonic third-person singular pronoun&lt;/em&gt; and mentions that The syntactical properties of &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; have diminished and some normal uses in previous eras have disappeared. Nevertheless, the DPD lists the following current usage cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ello&lt;/em&gt; as the terminus of a preposition:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ana trató de localizarlos en cuanto tuvo fuerzas para ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which roughtly translated means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ana tried to find them as soon as she had the strength for &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It&lt;/em&gt; being Ana's &lt;em&gt;act&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;trying to find them&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ello&lt;/em&gt; as an indirect compliment:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los hombres superiores son virtuosos y a ello debían también sus dones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which roughly translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Superior men are virtuous and to &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; they owed their gifts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; refers to the &lt;em&gt;fact&lt;/em&gt; that &lt;em&gt;superior men are virtuous&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As a subject (rare, usually only in written form):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically equivalent to &lt;em&gt;lo cual&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé que fue casi atroz mientras duró. Ello no significa que su relato pueda conmover a un tercero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which roughly translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know it was almost atrocious while it lasted. &lt;strong&gt;This&lt;/strong&gt; does not mean that its telling could affect a third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; refers to whatever act &lt;em&gt;was almost atrocious&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo quiero consolarte, hasta donde ello es posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I only want to comfort you, as far as &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt; is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; refers to the &lt;em&gt;act&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;comforting&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T19:29:21.817" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T19:29:21.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="999" CreationDate="2011-12-16T19:07:58.333" Score="2" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaponics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquaponics&lt;/a&gt; describes a system combining aquaculture with hydroponics in a symbiotic relationship. I haven't been able to find this word in any Spanish-English dictionary, and the Wikipedia page doesn't have a Spanish translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an accepted word for aquaponics in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T09:07:49.707" Title="Translating &quot;aquaponics&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="997" CreationDate="2011-12-16T19:34:37.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://ag.arizona.edu/azaqua/ista/Colombia/TILAPIAROJA2006.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;report&lt;/a&gt; from Colombia hosted by the University of Arizona uses the word &lt;em&gt;acuapónicos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Acuaponía&lt;/em&gt; appears to be an acceptable alternative according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/#hl=en&amp;amp;cp=5&amp;amp;gs_id=j&amp;amp;xhr=t&amp;amp;q=acuaponia&amp;amp;tok=fxORkO1lWyvbZBWH03cZLQ&amp;amp;pf=p&amp;amp;sclient=psy-ab&amp;amp;site=&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;pbx=1&amp;amp;oq=acuap&amp;amp;aq=0&amp;amp;aqi=g1g-s3&amp;amp;aql=&amp;amp;gs_sm=&amp;amp;gs_upl=&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=a832e4bee034e5be&amp;amp;biw=1920&amp;amp;bih=995&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T19:34:37.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="997" CreationDate="2011-12-16T19:36:33.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hydroponics&lt;/a&gt; there's the term &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidropon%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hidroponía&lt;/a&gt; which is also accepted in &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=hidropon%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling around I find that people uses the term Acuaponía. In &lt;a href=&quot;http://lmgtfy.com/?q=%22Acuapon%C3%ADa%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;google&lt;/a&gt; there are 12,500 results, but &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Acuaponía&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;is not an accepted term by RAE. It's difficult for RAE to add a new word for every technical term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T19:36:33.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1000" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-16T22:54:18.907" Score="12" ViewCount="18263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a significant difference between &quot;sobre&quot; and &quot;acerca de&quot;, when the intent is to describe the topic of something? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is &quot;acerca de&quot; a better choice than &quot;sobre&quot;, and vice-versa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="99" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-16T23:44:34.397" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T20:32:14.160" Title="Choosing between 'sobre' and 'acerca de'" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-16T23:29:23.337" Score="7" ViewCount="2565" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the &quot;a&quot; necessary when using &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/319/ir-a-infinitive-vs-future-tense&quot;&gt;&quot;ir a&quot; to convey future meaning&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google gives 17m results for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com/search?q=%22te+va+a+encantar%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;te va a encantar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; but also 1.5m for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com/search?q=%22te+va+encantar%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;te va encantar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  Does this rule vary according to formality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T10:42:28.477" Title="&quot;Te va (a) encantar&quot; - is &quot;a&quot; necessary?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2011-12-16T23:57:20.163" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Te va encantar&quot; is gramatically incorrect. I had never heard it before, at least in Spain. The sentence should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te va a encantar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as it has a future meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir a + infinitive = going to + infinitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably it's a mistake made because we link the words when speaking so &quot;te va a encantar&quot; would be pronounced as &quot;te va-a encantar&quot;, we say it &quot;va-a&quot; with a short pause between both &quot;a&quot; or even with a long &quot;a&quot;. As we usually speak quickly some people may have understood it wrongly and the error could have spread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=ir%28se%29&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; RAE speaks about it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ir a + infinitivo. Perífrasis verbal que indica que la acción designada por el infinitivo se va a producir en un futuro más o menos&#xA;  inmediato: «Vas a tener miles de problemas» (Gamboa Páginas [Col.&#xA;  1998]); muy a menudo implica propósito o intención por parte del&#xA;  sujeto: «Te voy a leer una carta de mi padre» (Jodorowsky Pájaro&#xA;  [Chile 1992]); a veces se emplea con finalidad exhortativa: «Para&#xA;  empezar, vas a sentarte como un niño bueno» (Vilalta Nada [Méx.&#xA;  1975]); en ocasiones se emplea, especialmente en pasado, para indicar&#xA;  que lo expresado por el infinitivo es un hecho inesperado o&#xA;  inoportuno: El asunto fue a salir por donde menos se esperaba. &lt;strong&gt;En&#xA;  ningún caso debe suprimirse, en el habla culta, la preposición a:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  «Pero ¿se lo vas plantear ya?» (FnGómez Bicicletas [Esp. 1982]); Vamos&#xA;  hablar del asunto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as the text says: the preposition &quot;a&quot; mustn't be suppressed .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T07:46:37.773" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T07:46:37.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1000" CreationDate="2011-12-17T00:07:24.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are exact synonyms (as RAE says), you can use any of them to replace the other because there's no difference in meaning or grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sobre (RAE definition)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. Encima de.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. &lt;strong&gt;acerca de.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T00:07:24.013" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1036" CreationDate="2011-12-17T02:02:49.927" Score="9" ViewCount="9734" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have a fairly generic verb &quot;to stop&quot; that can be used in many different contexts. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop talking to me!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The driver saw the red light and stopped his car.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You really need to stop smoking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The lightning storm stopped the football game.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These laws stop us from communicating freely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When translating this to Spanish, there are several options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;parar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;detener&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dejar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acabar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;suspender&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;impedir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what contexts can each of the Spanish words for &quot;stop&quot; be used? Which comes closest to a general-purpose word for describing something that is happening coming to an end?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T12:53:27.153" Title="Different words for &quot;stop&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-17T02:36:38.560" Score="2" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if someone visits a grave or goes to a funeral of someone who has died, we can say he is going &quot;to pay his respects&quot; or &quot;to pay his last respects.&quot; While it's hard to explain what this means, it can involve saying goodbye, expressing grief and admiration, and reminiscing about the life of the departed person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a similar phrase in Spanish for what someone is doing when they visit the grave of a departed friend or family member?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T07:58:00.420" Title="Translating &quot;paying one's (final) respects&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1006" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1007" CreationDate="2011-12-17T02:45:54.830" Score="1" ViewCount="1448" Body="&lt;p&gt;English has several words for burial places, many of which have specific, distinct meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;grave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tomb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vault&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crypt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mausoleum&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sepulcher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, Spanish has at least two words for &quot;grave&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tumba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sepultura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What types of burial places can each word refer to? Are both generic enough to cover any burial of a body or ashes in a plot in the ground, an underground crypt, an above-ground structure, etc.? Or are they more specific?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T12:57:47.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T12:57:47.417" Title="Words for &quot;grave&quot;: tumba vs. sepultura" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1006" CreationDate="2011-12-17T06:13:50.157" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the words you mentioned have cognates in Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=tumba&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;tumba&lt;/a&gt;: place where a cadaver is buried. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?origen=RAE&amp;amp;LEMA=cripta&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No#0_1&quot;&gt;cripta&lt;/a&gt;: subterranean place used to bury the dead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=mausoleo&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;mausoleo&lt;/a&gt;: a magnificent and sumptuous sepulchre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=sepulcro&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;sepulcro&lt;/a&gt;: stone construction built off the ground as a resting place for one or more cadavers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You already mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?origen=RAE&amp;amp;LEMA=sepultura&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No#0_3&quot;&gt;sepultura&lt;/a&gt; as a translation of &lt;em&gt;grave&lt;/em&gt;: place where a cadaver is buried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vault&lt;/em&gt; could be translated as &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=b%C3%B3veda&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;bóveda&lt;/a&gt;: a place where a cadaver is buried or a hole made on the ground to bury a cadaver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=pante%C3%B3n&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;panteón&lt;/a&gt; which is a cognate of &lt;em&gt;pantheon&lt;/em&gt;. However, from my understanding this word has a more general meaning in Mexico and perhaps in Central America. In Colombia it is understood as a &lt;em&gt;funeral monument to bury several bodies&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T06:13:50.157" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1005" CreationDate="2011-12-17T07:58:00.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English verb &quot;pay&quot; can actually be used with some other nouns to form idioms including &quot;attention&quot;, &quot;homage&quot;, and of course &quot;respect&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While my Larouuse Gran Diccionario doesn't cover the precise formula here with &quot;one's&quot; and &quot;last&quot; or &quot;final&quot; it does cover the more general paying of respect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;she paid her respects to the President&lt;/strong&gt; presentó sus respetos al presidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.au/search?sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;q=presentar%20ultimos%20respuestos#pq=presentar%20ultimos%20respetos&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;cp=11&amp;amp;gs_id=r&amp;amp;xhr=t&amp;amp;q=presentar%20%C3%BAltimos%20respetos&amp;amp;pf=p&amp;amp;sclient=psy-ab&amp;amp;safe=off&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;pbx=1&amp;amp;oq=presentar%20%C3%BAltimos%20respetos&amp;amp;aq=f&amp;amp;aqi=&amp;amp;aql=&amp;amp;gs_sm=&amp;amp;gs_upl=&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=f9ef8465024f9e21&amp;amp;biw=853&amp;amp;bih=417&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google search for &quot;presentar últimos respetos&quot;&lt;/a&gt; seems to indicate that besides Spanish using &quot;presentar&quot; for &quot;pay&quot; that they expressions are otherwise literal translations of one another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T07:58:00.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1009" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:54:11.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español, el género gramatical es, junto al número, uno de los dos morfemas flexivos (aquellos que no cambian la categoría de la palabra y exigen la concordancia con los elementos adyacentes). Desde el punto de vista lingüístico el género gramatical es un rasgo lingüístico que debe ser compartido por elementos dentro de un mismo sintagma y con otros relacionados con ellos, y por tanto la principal manifestación del género es la concordancia gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about grammatical (and natural) gender and agreement in the Spanish noun, adjective, and pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:57.413" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:57.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1010" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:54:11.333" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el género gramatical y su concordancia en nombre, adjetivo y pronombre. // Questions about grammatical (and natural) gender and agreement in the Spanish noun, adjective, and pronoun." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:57.413" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:57.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1011" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:27.870" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T10:56:27.870" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:56:27.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1012" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:27.870" Score="0" Body="Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Chile." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:48:23.440" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:48:23.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1013" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:34.123" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T10:56:34.123" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:56:34.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1014" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:34.123" Score="0" Body="Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Panama." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:49:04.640" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:49:04.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1015" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:45.717" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T10:56:45.717" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:56:45.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1016" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:45.717" Score="0" Body="Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Costa Rica." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:48:30.320" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:48:30.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1017" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:58.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:09:32.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:09:32.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1018" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:56:58.307" Score="0" Body="Regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Colombia. // Regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Colombia." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:09:32.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:09:32.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1019" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:57:06.603" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T10:57:06.603" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:57:06.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1020" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:57:06.603" Score="0" Body="Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Nicaragua." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:49:01.677" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:49:01.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1021" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:57:14.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:57:28.047" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:57:28.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1022" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:57:14.123" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en México // Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Mexico." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:57:28.047" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:57:28.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1023" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:58:34.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diferencias en vocabulario, pronunciación, uso, etc. de las variedades del español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions addressing any of the many differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, usage, etc. of the varieties of Spanish spoken through Spain, the Americas and the rest of the Spanish speaking world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:49:50.103" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:49:50.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1024" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:58:34.637" Score="0" Body="Diferencias en vocabulario, pronunciación, uso, etc. de las variedades del español. // Questions addressing any of the many differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, usage, etc. of the varieties of Spanish spoken through Spain, the Americas and the rest of the Spanish speaking world." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:49:50.103" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:49:50.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1025" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:00:34.247" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T11:00:34.247" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T11:00:34.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1026" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:00:34.247" Score="0" Body="Questions about the verbal interchanges between people at meeting, greeting, departing, answering the telephone, etc." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:48:34.860" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:48:34.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1027" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:01:58.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre palabras o frases específicas de algún campo concreto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about words and phrases peculiar to various industries or fields, such as linguistics or technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:56:50.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:56:50.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1028" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:01:58.177" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre palabras o frases específicas de algún campo concreto. // Questions about words and phrases peculiar to various industries or fields, such as linguistics or technology." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:56:50.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:56:50.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1029" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:05:48.737" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T11:05:48.737" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T11:05:48.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1030" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:05:48.737" Score="0" Body="Questions seeking correct usage, spelling, etc. as endorsed by the Real Academia Española, the body officially charged with the maintenance and development of the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-17T14:49:11.113" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:49:11.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1031" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:07:55.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions seeking words and phrases which will be uniformly understood throughout Spain, Guinea and the Americas in the face of wide regional variations. // Preguntas sobre palabras o frases que sean entendidas en España, Guinea y las Américas a pesar de las diferencias regionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21356" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-08-09T20:25:02.787" LastActivityDate="2019-08-09T20:25:02.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1032" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-17T11:07:55.133" Score="0" Body="Questions seeking words and phrases which will be uniformly understood throughout Spain, Guinea and the Americas in the face of wide regional variations. // Preguntas sobre palabras o frases que se entiendan por igual en España, Guinea y las Américas a pesar de las diferencias regionales." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-08-09T20:37:19.963" LastActivityDate="2019-08-09T20:37:19.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="992" CreationDate="2011-12-17T14:26:12.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ello&quot; is the neuter gender &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;(género neutro)&lt;/a&gt; 3rd person pronoun for &quot;it&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=ello&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;deriving from Latin&lt;/a&gt; neuter form &quot;illud&quot;.  However, it is rare because neuter gender is rare in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &quot;it&quot; refers to almost any kind of noun, it would have masculine or feminine gender (&quot;el cuento&quot;, &quot;la imagen&quot;, etc.)  So the only use of neuter gender is to refer to an action or situation like &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=ello&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Me enfrenté con mi jefe y pagué por ello&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  Notice how &quot;it&quot; doesn't refer to any kind of noun here---it refers to the verb phrase &quot;me enfrenté&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other Spanish demonstratives also have neuter forms: esto, eso, aquello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T14:26:12.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="992" CreationDate="2011-12-18T09:57:37.773" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word  in Mex/Spanish can be used in at least two similar yet different forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ello= his in the second person possessive tense as in whose is it,«De quien es?»&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ello= him mostly in the third person indicative as in who do you think did it? «Quien le hicido?» as in accordance to use of the conjugated verb «hacer» in the past tense perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note:&lt;/em&gt; The word can also be used in the second person imperfect of used to in the presence of the person being indicated/implicated. Jaime is absolutely right as to dropping words &quot;in order to avoid saying more than enough.&quot; Laziness in diction is a noted trait among Mexicans.&#xA;Takes one to know one, I am one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-18T23:43:35.937" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T23:43:35.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="980" CreationDate="2011-12-18T10:14:23.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mex/Spanish, «Novia» acutely refers to girlfriend and «Esposa» is the proper word for wife.&#xA;In actuality, «esposa»=wife, «esposo»=husband and the direct translation of the two words in English are identical, 'spouse'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a colloquial Mexican term of endearment for wife which is «marida» which is a more familiar term amongst friends and relatives as opposed to a proper introduction done in public. I negated covering fiancee as that was well covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-18T23:44:38.963" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T23:44:38.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1004" CreationDate="2011-12-18T13:23:02.187" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parar/detener are the most literal translations from stop (although detener also means often to arrest).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejar is &quot;to leave&quot; in general, only the form &quot;dejar de&quot; is stop (basically it means stop doing a continuous action).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabar is pretty equivalent to finish (i.e. you can say &quot;acaba tu plato&quot; -&gt; &quot;finish your dish&quot;), suspender matches suspend, impedir is prevent or impede, and alto is an interjection which translates literally to &quot;stop!&quot; (although alto also means tall).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop talking to me! I'd translate as: ¡Deja de hablarme!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The driver saw the red light and stopped his car. I'd translate as &quot;el conductor vio el semáforo en rojo y paró/detuvo su coche&quot;; parar/detener are often used for &quot;stop movement&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You really need to stop smoking. If you mean &quot;quit&quot;, the best translation is &quot;dejar de&quot; which is a good match for quitting, as in &quot;realmente necesitas dejar de fumar&quot;. If you mean &quot;stop smoking, you are standing next to flammable stuff&quot;, the same translation would oddly work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The lightning storm stopped the football game. I'd say &quot;la tormenta detuvo el partido&quot;. I wouldn't really say suspender- the officials can suspend the game due to the storm, but the storm itself doesn't. If you were to say suspend in English, you'd be able to say suspender in Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These laws stop us from communicating freely -&gt; esas leyes nos impiden comunicarnos libremente/evitan que nos comuniquemos libremente, if you'd say &quot;prevent&quot; in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which comes closest to a general-purpose word for describing something that is happening coming to an end?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabar. The movie is coming to an end -&gt; la película está acabando. But I really wouldn't say &quot;the movie is stopping&quot;. Acabar is pretty close to &quot;to end&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T13:23:02.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="997" CreationDate="2011-12-19T09:07:49.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this scientific &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.inia.es/index.php/sjar/article/view/1758/1447&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;paper published in Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research&lt;/a&gt; they use two forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resumen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquaponica&lt;/strong&gt;: integrando la tasa de alimentación de peces y la producción de iones residuales  para la hidroponía de fresas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La aquaponía&lt;/strong&gt; es la ciencia de integrar la acuicultura intensiva con la producción de plantas en sistemas con agua en recirculación. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-19T09:07:49.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1040" CreationDate="2011-12-19T22:38:52.930" Score="3" ViewCount="13621" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using the verb &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; to describe thinking about a person, there are at least three options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensando en ti.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensando de ti.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensándote.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between these three forms? What does each form imply? What about in sentences about objects, not people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensando en eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensando de eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensándolo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:18:16.237" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:18:16.237" Title="&quot;pensando en ti&quot; vs. &quot;pensando de ti&quot; vs. &quot;pensándote&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1045" CreationDate="2011-12-19T22:54:29.490" Score="6" ViewCount="4514" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;pasarlo bien&lt;/em&gt; means something like &quot;to have a good time&quot; in sentences like, &quot;Lo pasamos muy bien anoche.&quot; What does the &quot;lo&quot; in this phrase refer to? Does it replace an actual noun, or is it just an indefinite &quot;it&quot; like in the English sentence, &quot;It's raining outside&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-08T00:19:36.040" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T00:19:36.040" Title="What does the &quot;lo&quot; in &quot;pasarlo bien&quot; refer to?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1038" CreationDate="2011-12-19T23:03:09.053" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When trying to express you are thinking of someone, you always use &lt;em&gt;pensar en&lt;/em&gt;. Without &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; preposition, you could express something strange, as of you are trying to &quot;invent&quot; or &quot;deducing&quot; someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;pensando en&lt;/strong&gt; ti&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; I'm thinking of you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;pensándote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; (something like: trying to deduce you, but very very strange).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, when talking about objects, if you omit the &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; preposition, you express the idea of &quot;think about, think through&quot;, that is to say, when you put all your mind trying to devise the pros and cons of something (in Spanish could be similar to &lt;em&gt;considerar&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;pensándolo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; I'm thinking it through.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using &lt;em&gt;pensar de&lt;/em&gt; (as says @jrdioko in a comment to this answer), you express what you think about someone or something, that is to say, your opinion about him/her/it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No quiero que &lt;strong&gt;piense de&lt;/strong&gt; mí que soy una desagradecida&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; I don't want him to think I'm ungrateful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2011-12-20T02:04:50.573" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T02:04:50.573" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1043" CreationDate="2011-12-20T00:52:16.147" Score="1" ViewCount="1599" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Wisin y Yandel's &quot;Estoy Enamorado,&quot; the chorus contains the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me la paso pensándote, nunca voy a soltarte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;Me la paso pensándote&quot; mean? Is &quot;me&quot; a reflexive or indirect object pronoun? What does &quot;la&quot; refer to? Is this expression common Spanish or incorrect but stylistically used for the song?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T00:48:37.003" Title="Translating &quot;Me la paso pensándote&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1042" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2204" CreationDate="2011-12-20T00:59:23.997" Score="4" ViewCount="10189" Body="&lt;p&gt;When expressing in Spanish something that you believed or thought in the past, there are four options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creí que ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creía que ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensé que ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensaba que ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned that &lt;em&gt;creía que&lt;/em&gt; was the standard way of expressing this, but I've definitely heard the others. What are the differences between them? In what circumstances can each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:17:57.423" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:17:57.423" Title="Expressing past belief (creí vs. creía vs. pensé vs. pensaba)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1041" CreationDate="2011-12-20T07:59:13.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me la paso pensándote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more like a figure of speech. A rather pseudo figure of speech IMO. Now, me refers to the person aforementioned. In the song he is already talking about himself before so he can refer to himself again by only using &lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; is the singular feminine of a thing. This means that it refers to something that I am talking about, in this case waiting or &quot;being&quot; as paso means just thinking in some way. This is why this is a sort of figure of speech. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, &lt;strong&gt;Me la paso pensándote&lt;/strong&gt; means that he is thinking all the time about this person. The person he is talking to. Since &lt;strong&gt;paso&lt;/strong&gt; is being used as a verb that denotes constant existence or continuity of an action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this can be very confusing I hope this has made it clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an extra resource about how this is constructed although I personally think that this is a very special case of this kind of statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cclscorp.com/Showroom/EPT/pdf/5/EPT5PG.PDF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Me, te, se, los seguidos de lo, la, los, las&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T07:59:13.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2011-12-20T11:09:44.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say it replaces &lt;em&gt;el tiempo&lt;/em&gt; (time) or equivalent, as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pasarlo bien&lt;/em&gt; == &lt;em&gt;pasar bien el tiempo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T11:09:44.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2011-12-20T15:13:22.197" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;code&gt;artículos determinantes&lt;/code&gt; - articles that indicate gender or neuter - (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=la&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see RAE&lt;/a&gt;). It's perfectly valid to say &lt;code&gt;Pasarlo&lt;/code&gt; bien or &lt;code&gt;Pasarla&lt;/code&gt; bien in this context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I ask you to give me a hand moving my TV from one side of my room to another; I would tell you: &lt;code&gt;&quot;Vamos a pasarlo&lt;/code&gt; (TV is masculine) &lt;code&gt;a este lado&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (let's move it to this side). If I want to do the same thing with my bed; I would say: &lt;code&gt;&quot;Vamos a pasarla&lt;/code&gt; (bed is feminine) &lt;code&gt;a otro lado.&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-20T15:59:17.343" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T15:59:17.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1042" CreationDate="2011-12-20T16:01:14.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pensé/Pensaba&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Creí/Creía&lt;/code&gt; are just different conjugations of the verbs &lt;code&gt;Pensar/Creer&lt;/code&gt;. The first form (pensé/creí) is preterite simple and the second form (pensaba/creía) is preterite imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/pretimp1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's a link&lt;/a&gt; that explains it well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pensé que me amaba&lt;/code&gt; (I thought you loved me) is as valid and has the same meaning as saying &lt;code&gt;Pensaba que me amaba&lt;/code&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link referenced has this to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterite [simple] tells us specifically when an action took place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect tells us in general when an action took place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T16:01:14.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1092" CreationDate="2011-12-20T16:26:32.960" Score="9" ViewCount="8369" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the function of the letter &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish? Even though it's not pronounced there must be a reason of its existence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean the case when the letter &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; it's not accompanied by the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T08:29:48.220" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T08:29:48.220" Title="What's the function of the letter h?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1048" CreationDate="2011-12-20T16:49:16.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;'H' keeps because of etymology of words, or the diphthongization of the vowel or when it receives the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In times is pronounced, ie: &lt;em&gt;chacha&lt;/em&gt; is not the same as caca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="353" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-21T23:13:50.450" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T23:13:50.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1048" CreationDate="2011-12-20T17:07:02.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;H&lt;/code&gt; does have a sound when forms part of the digraph &lt;code&gt;ch&lt;/code&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chicharrón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchacho/a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chantaje&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia lists one exception to the above rule: Hámster (which comes from the German). More examples are: &lt;code&gt;Hall&lt;/code&gt; (pronounced &lt;code&gt;Jol&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish), &lt;code&gt;Hardware&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Hobby&lt;/code&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On these cases &lt;code&gt;H&lt;/code&gt; is pronounced as you would pronounce an &lt;code&gt;H&lt;/code&gt; in English or a &lt;code&gt;J&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an excerpt from Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se corresponde con la letra H del alfabeto romano, procedente de la&#xA;  eta griega, que proviene de la het fenicia. Su nombre en español,&#xA;  hache, viene probablemente del latín rústico *haca, a través del&#xA;  francés hache. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T17:07:02.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1052" CreationDate="2011-12-20T21:46:12.940" Score="5" ViewCount="6874" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was writing today and while editing I stumbled with this problem. Both words can be used but then again I didn't know the difference between them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When should I use one over the other and viceversa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="872" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T19:31:48.303" LastActivityDate="2020-04-25T20:35:52.823" Title="What is the difference between &quot;enfrente&quot; and &quot;frente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1051" CreationDate="2011-12-20T22:54:55.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;These sentences come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El carro esta &lt;strong&gt;enfrente de&lt;/strong&gt; ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El carro esta &lt;strong&gt;frente a&lt;/strong&gt; ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see both means the same thing but they use different preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enfrente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De en- y frente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. l. A la parte opuesta, en punto que mira a otro, o que está delante de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. En contra, en pugna.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;frente&lt;/strong&gt;: en ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. enfrente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-12-20T22:54:55.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1051" CreationDate="2011-12-21T00:17:51.333" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enfrente&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=enfrente&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE definition&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=enfrente&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference definition&lt;/a&gt;) is an adverb of location typically meaning &amp;quot;opposite&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;front.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;frente&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=frente&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE definition&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=frente&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference definition&lt;/a&gt;) can be a feminine noun referring to the forehead, a masculine noun referring to a &amp;quot;front&amp;quot; (in many different senses), or an adverb that is synonymous with &lt;em&gt;enfrente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enfrente de&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;frente a&lt;/strong&gt; generally mean the same thing and can be used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem for language learners arises in the various ways both words (and others, like &lt;em&gt;delante&lt;/em&gt;) can be used to express the English concept of &amp;quot;front&amp;quot;. In his book &lt;em&gt;Breaking Out of Beginner's Spanish&lt;/em&gt;, Joseph J. Keenan writes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al frente de&lt;/em&gt; is usually the expression for the English &amp;quot;in front of.&amp;quot; It means &amp;quot;at (in) the front part of (something).&amp;quot; In the earlier example, a fountain that is &lt;em&gt;al frente de la casa&lt;/em&gt; is on the property at the front of the house. Next come a host of prepositional expressions that, in many circumstances, mean &amp;quot;in front of&amp;quot; but generally only in the sense of &amp;quot;facing.&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Enfrente de&lt;/em&gt; is one of those expressions, and it is better regarded as a trickster (see Chapter 3). Think of it as a synonym for &amp;quot;facing&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;across the way.&amp;quot; A fountain that is &lt;em&gt;enfrente de la casa&lt;/em&gt; is likely to be across the street from the house. &lt;em&gt;Frente a&lt;/em&gt; means much the same and should be viewed as just as unreliable as &lt;em&gt;enfrente de&lt;/em&gt; in most cases. Sometimes the act of &amp;quot;facing&amp;quot; is implicit. &lt;em&gt;Lo tienes frente a los ojos&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;You have it in front of your eyes&amp;quot;--that is, &amp;quot;staring you in the face.&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;De frente a&lt;/em&gt;, finally, states very clearly that something is &amp;quot;face to face,&amp;quot; literally &amp;quot;with its front facing (something).&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Estoy parada de frente al sol&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;I'm standing facing the sun.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the safest word of all for &amp;quot;in front of&amp;quot; is &lt;em&gt;delante&lt;/em&gt;, usually followed by &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. Generally, whenever you can use &amp;quot;ahead&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;ahead of,&amp;quot; you should probably be using &lt;em&gt;delante&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;delante de&lt;/em&gt;. but it also covers a wide range of &amp;quot;in front of&amp;quot; situations. The fountain can be &lt;em&gt;delante de la casa&lt;/em&gt;, for instance. &lt;em&gt;Bob se sienta delante de mí en la clase&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;Bob sits ahead of me in class.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He goes on to describe how &lt;em&gt;adelante&lt;/em&gt; generally translates &amp;quot;up front&amp;quot; and &lt;em&gt;el frente&lt;/em&gt; usually translates &amp;quot;the front&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;the front part&amp;quot; of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T00:17:51.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1060" CreationDate="2011-12-21T00:36:52.833" Score="0" ViewCount="1019" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are quite a few words to describe materials used to pad and insulate packages that are being shipped from one place to another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;packing peanuts&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;foam peanuts&lt;/strong&gt; are individual pieces of small foam&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bubble wrap&lt;/strong&gt; describes sheets of plastic with many small embedded bubbles of air&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Styrofoam&lt;/strong&gt; is a material often found padding objects during shipment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;shrink wrap&lt;/strong&gt; is a plastic film that forms a seal over an object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;padding&lt;/strong&gt; refers generally to any material that cushions objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;packing materials&lt;/strong&gt; is a general term describing any of the objects above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would each of these terms be best translated to Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2020-01-11T22:35:38.950" Title="Packing material vocabulary" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1059" CreationDate="2011-12-21T06:10:08.617" Score="4" ViewCount="1789" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that &lt;code&gt;confiar&lt;/code&gt; is a strong word, implying trust and confidence in someone or something. What then is the right way to translate more casual uses of the word &quot;trust&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let's say a child tells you to close your eyes and open your mouth so he can feed you a piece of candy. A common response would be &lt;code&gt;I don't trust you&lt;/code&gt;, which isn't meant in a serious way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're an untrustworthy person, so I refuse to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but a lighthearted way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're trying to trick me so you can put something disgusting in my&#xA;  mouth, aren't you? Well I'm not going to let you trick me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the right way to say &lt;code&gt;I don't trust you&lt;/code&gt; in that sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:36:33.347" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:36:33.347" Title="Translating &quot;I don't trust you&quot; (said casually)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1065" CreationDate="2011-12-21T06:18:53.393" Score="2" ViewCount="828" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the standard way in Spanish to translate &quot;preferences&quot; (a menu option in computer programs where you can adjust program settings)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the standard way to translate &quot;settings&quot; (an almost-synonym of &quot;preferences,&quot; also used for other devices: guitar amplifier settings, cell phone settings, flap settings on airplanes, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T04:40:51.430" Title="Translating &quot;preferences&quot; and &quot;settings&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1062" CreationDate="2011-12-21T06:29:41.380" Score="1" ViewCount="388" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are a lot of ways to express that someone or something is standard and not particularly special or extraordinary. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ordinary people like you and me can sometimes accomplish extraordinary things.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I bought a run-of-the-mill guitar; I didn't want to spend a lot of money on something special.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He's just an average Joe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did a regular guy like him wind up being a movie star?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What options are there in Spanish for translating this concept (especially the word &quot;ordinary&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T19:31:39.750" Title="Ordinary, regular, run-of-the-mill, average, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1056" CreationDate="2011-12-21T11:20:07.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will typically see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preferencias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translates directly to &quot;preferences&quot;. This isn't very technical but you will still see it used very often in software and applications. This relates more to things like colour, size, volume, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Configuración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translates directly to &quot;configuration&quot; and is slightly more technical and typically refers to actual elements that make to a program's behaviour such as &quot;wireless details&quot;, video source, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="358" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T04:40:51.430" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T04:40:51.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-12-21T11:23:57.060" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could probably say something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me fio de ti (I don't trust you)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi no me engañas (You won't trick me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="358" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:20:20.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1054" CreationDate="2011-12-21T11:26:27.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;packing peanuts: there's no formal word. On my neck of the woods, we use &quot;palomitas&quot; (popcorn)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bubble wrap: papel de burbujas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Styrofoam: again, no formal word that I know of. I use &quot;porexpán&quot;, which I believe is a commercial name for the product (you can check other names elsewhere in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliestireno_expandido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliestireno_expandido&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;shrink wrap: no specific name... &quot;plástico&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;padding: relleno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;packing materials: material de embalaje or material para empaquetar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T11:26:27.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1057" CreationDate="2011-12-21T11:27:33.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say you would normally refer to this person as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Un hombre cualquiera&quot; ( A man like any other)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cualquiera&quot; indicates that it could be him or anyone else and there is no distinction, making him ordinary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Cómo pudo un hombre cualquiera como el volverse una estrella de cine?&quot; (How did a regular guy like him wind up bring a movie star)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="358" LastEditorUserId="358" LastEditDate="2011-12-21T13:10:32.063" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T13:10:32.063" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1057" CreationDate="2011-12-21T11:35:06.090" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ordinary people like you and me can sometimes accomplish extraordinary things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gente corriente como tú y yo a veces pueden hacer cosas extraordinarias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest &quot;ordinary people&quot; translation I can think of is &quot;gente corriente&quot;. You could also say &quot;gente normal&quot;, &quot;gente de la calle&quot; (lit. street people), &quot;los ciudadanos de a pie&quot; (lit. walking citizens), &quot;el pueblo&quot; (the people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I bought a run-of-the-mill guitar; I didn't want to spend a lot of money on something special.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me compré una guitarra normalita... (that's probably pretty Spain-centric and not very formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say &quot;una guitarra corriente&quot;, but it isn't very natural sounding. There's also &quot;una guitarra del montón&quot; (lit. a guitar from the heap, i.e. a random one from a bunch of guitars), but I wouldn't really use it for a guitar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He's just an average Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un tipo de la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's &quot;es un Don Nadie&quot;, but that's more like &quot;he's a Nobody&quot;; or &quot;Es un cualquiera&quot;... both are slightly derogatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How did a regular guy like him wind up being a movie star?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como un tío normal como él acabó siendo una estrella de cine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &quot;tipo corriente&quot;, &quot;tío de la calle&quot;... I consider &quot;guy&quot; to be a bit slang-y, so I'd use &quot;tío&quot; (Spain's &quot;dude&quot;, lit. uncle).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T11:35:06.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1064" CreationDate="2011-12-21T14:44:59.967" Score="11" ViewCount="4043" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which one is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de ahora, voy a hablar en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde ahora, voy a hablar en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In meaning I think both are close to &quot;from.&quot; Are there any specific instances where one cannot replace the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="359" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T06:32:54.640" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T03:03:10.967" Title="What is the difference between &quot;a partir de&quot; y &quot;desde&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1063" CreationDate="2011-12-21T15:35:35.010" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;partir&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Tomar un hecho, una fecha o cualquier otro antecedente como base para un razonamiento o cómputo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;prep. Denota el punto, en tiempo o lugar, de que procede, se origina o ha de empezar a contarse una cosa, un hecho o una distancia. Desde la Creación. Desde Madrid. Desde que nací. Desde mi casa. U. t. en locs. advs. Desde entonces. Desde ahora. Desde aquí. Desde allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A partir de&lt;/em&gt; is used when an action is going to take place starting from that point on. You can indicate the end by using &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A partir&lt;/strong&gt; del lunes voy a hacer ejercicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A partir&lt;/strong&gt; de mañana voy a empezar a estudiar hasta que presente el examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desde&lt;/em&gt; means the same thing as &lt;em&gt;a partir&lt;/em&gt; but the difference is that desde is used for actions that have already taken place and are still valid in the present or a specified point in time (you use hasta to indicate the end).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desde&lt;/strong&gt; el año 2004 en Europa se transmite televisión en alta definición. (and still being transmitted)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los niños comenzaron a jugar &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; que la maestra salió del salón &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; que la directora llegó y los regañó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which one is correct? It's difficult because of the &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; but for me as a native speaker it sounds more natural &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Desde ahora&lt;/strong&gt;...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T17:50:31.013" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T17:50:31.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1056" CreationDate="2011-12-21T17:01:55.983" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Preferences&quot; could be &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/preferencia&quot;&gt;preferencias&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, and &quot;settings&quot; could be &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/opci&amp;oacute;n&quot;&gt;opciones&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (i.e. &quot;options&quot;) or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/ajuste&quot;&gt;ajustes&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (i.e. &quot;adjustments&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2011-12-21T17:07:04.680" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T17:07:04.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1057" CreationDate="2011-12-21T19:23:25.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though you could use any adjective with a meaning close to &amp;quot;ordinary&amp;quot;, there's an expression very used at least in Spain which is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normal y corriente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use that when we say that something doesn't have anything in special. While you could use &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot;or &amp;quot;corriente&amp;quot; as adjectives for that (they mean &amp;quot;common&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ordinary&amp;quot;). It's usually hearing using both and in that order (it emphasizes), for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un chico &lt;strong&gt;normal y corriente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he comprado una guitarra &lt;strong&gt;normal y corriente&lt;/strong&gt;; No quería gastarme mucho dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gente &lt;strong&gt;normal y corriente&lt;/strong&gt; no piensa en eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T19:31:39.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1069" CreationDate="2011-12-21T19:47:43.680" Score="4" ViewCount="1761" Body="&lt;p&gt;In school, I learned that the Spanish past tenses were called preterite and imperfect in English, and &lt;em&gt;preterito&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. However, in talking to native speakers I've run across other Spanish terms for these two tenses. What are the official RAE terms for the past tenses, and what other terms are in use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-22T08:18:06.487" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T08:18:06.487" Title="Spanish names for preterite and imperfect tenses" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1067" CreationDate="2011-12-21T21:51:35.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pretérito&lt;/code&gt; simply means &lt;code&gt;past&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=pret%C3%A9rito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; has an excellent explanation of all of them, but here's a very simplified summary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 3 different forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito Perfecto (preterite perfect) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito Imperfecto (preterite imperfect)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto (pluperfect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In turn, &lt;code&gt;preterite perfect&lt;/code&gt; subdivides in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. Preterite [perfect] simple - Ex: Bailé (Danced), Amé (Loved)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b. Preterite [perfect] compound  - Ex: He bailado (I have danced ), He amado (I have loved). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-21T23:12:06.897" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T23:12:06.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1067" CreationDate="2011-12-21T22:07:58.623" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you check RAE you'll find the answer &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?LEMA=pret%C3%A9rito&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and in this othe &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/apendices/apendice1.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; with more details. Depending on the &lt;strong&gt;different grammars published&lt;/strong&gt; there are different names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 2 simple tenses for past&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito imperfecto /Copretérito&lt;/strong&gt; [de indicativo/ subjuntivo]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pretérito imperfecto is the most used)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. En &lt;strong&gt;indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;, amaba, temía, vivía; en &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, amara o amase, temiera&#xA;o temiese, viviera o viviese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito  indefinido&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple.&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pretérito  indefinido and Pretérito perfecto simple are more common)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. Tuve, temió, actuaron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another 3 compound tenses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto / Pretérito perfecto compuesto / Antepresente&lt;/strong&gt; [de indicativo/subjuntivo}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pretérito perfecto and Pretérito perfecto compuesto are more common)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. En &lt;strong&gt;indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;, ha amado, ha temido, ha vivido; en &lt;strong&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;, haya amado,&#xA;haya temido, haya vivido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto / Antecopretérito&lt;/strong&gt; [de indicativo/subjuntivo]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pretérito pluscuamperfecto is more common)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. En &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, había amado, había&#xA;temido, había vivido; en &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, hubiera o hubiese amado, hubiera&#xA;o hubiese temido, hubiera o hubiese vivido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito anterior/ Antepretérito&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pretérito anterior is more common)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. hubo amado, hubo temido, hubo.&#xA;vivido**.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-21T22:07:58.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1063" CreationDate="2011-12-22T10:43:39.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde works nearly everywhere, but a partir de only really works with sustantives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desde que te fuiste, nada es lo mismo, you can't really say &quot;a partir de que te fuiste&quot; (I think it's strictly correct, but it screeches), although you could say &quot;A partir del día que te fuiste&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A partir de&quot; is used frequently for resolutions, either personal resolutions like your example or &quot;lawful&quot; stuff (&quot;a partir del lunes, las horas extras estarán prohibidas&quot; [from Monday on, working overtime will be illegal]). It's also more natural if the point of time is just now or in the future, desde seems more natural for the past (i.e. hablo español desde el mes pasado; hablaré español a partir del mes que viene).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T10:43:39.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-22T13:04:22.493" Score="23" ViewCount="13537" Body="&lt;p&gt;The symbol &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/code&gt; is a representation of the Latin word &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; (see DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice4.html&quot;&gt;Appendix 4&lt;/a&gt;). Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26&quot;&gt;claims&lt;/a&gt; that the symbol itself is called &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt;; however, the DRAE's entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=et&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;et&lt;/a&gt; doesn't list the symbol as a meaning of the word, and I have never heard anybody use it in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be a proper name for that symbol?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T14:44:33.773" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:12:00.173" Title="What is the symbol &quot;&amp;&quot; called in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2011-12-22T14:44:19.270" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; has a very clear explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El signo &lt;strong&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/strong&gt;, cuyo nombre en español es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es una alternativa gráfica&#xA;  de la conjunción copulativa latina &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt;, que significa y de la que&#xA;  deriva la española «y».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es conocido por su nombre en inglés &lt;em&gt;ampersand&lt;/em&gt;, proveniente a su vez de&#xA;  la expresión &lt;em&gt;and per se and&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, «y por sí mismo, y», usada como&#xA;  parte de la retahíla para la memorización del alfabeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deriva del latín de donde el signo pasó a diversos idiomas, incluido&#xA;  el español. Su uso en nuestra lengua es superfluo, pues no resulta&#xA;  económico (a diferencia de otros idiomas) ya que la conjunción&#xA;  copulativa &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; tiene una grafía más breve y sencilla. En textos&#xA;  españoles antiguos es frecuente encontrarlo empleado en la expresión&#xA;  latina adoptada &lt;em&gt;et cetera&lt;/em&gt;, en las formas &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;c.&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;cetera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE has this for &lt;strong&gt;et:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;conj. desus. y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; as Wikipedia points out although is read as &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; just as in English is read as &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/simbolos-o-signos-no-alfabetizables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lista de símbolos o signos no alfabetizables&lt;/a&gt; from RAE (thanks, Javi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="8810" LastEditDate="2015-04-11T20:18:42.217" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T20:18:42.217" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1063" CreationDate="2011-12-22T16:10:48.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To simplify that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de ahora = starting now, from now forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;A partir&lt;/code&gt; can be used to indicate a future starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de noviembre de 2012 = starting in November 2012, from&#xA;  November forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde is more like &quot;since&quot; (in the temporal sense only).&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Desde&lt;/code&gt; will refer to a past starting point, and not a future one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde noviembre = since November.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would not say, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde mañana (since tomorrow).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde la semana que viene (since next week).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would/could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de la mañana (starting tomorrow).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de la próxima semana (starting in the next week).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="363" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T17:50:47.077" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T17:50:47.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2011-12-22T19:22:45.033" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my personal experience (computer engineering, lots of &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; in programming), I'd say that if you have to name that symbol and want others to understand you while spelling out loud, you have to say &quot;ampersand&quot;. Remember that although RAE is the so-called authority, they don't always represent real use. That's why they're constantly upgrading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="364" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T19:22:45.033" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1063" CreationDate="2011-12-23T04:05:05.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please keep in mind that not every nd word in Spanish has a 'finite' translation form and that it can have different meanings in regards to colloquial differences. In Mex/Spanish, the direct translation of the phrase &lt;em&gt;a partir de&lt;/em&gt; = 'apart from' = &lt;em&gt;a partir&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;----these 2 words together are the equivalent of the single English word 'apart' and are usually used in reference to distinguishing a single characteristic which sets it apart from the rest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;----means from and in this case, the two words together would mean 'apart from'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the word &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; usually means 'from', in this case, it can also be used as a point of reference and that can be in the form of juxtaposition as well as Geo-location and in abstract form as opposed as to the finite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Mexican word &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; can mean either from or of, depending on the content or object of the sentence and can be used both in the abstract form as well as the finite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct translation of the Mexican word  is both 'of' as well as 'from' and can also vary depending on the content and object of the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="86" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T13:27:44.713" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T13:27:44.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1087" CreationDate="2011-12-23T05:53:12.847" Score="2" ViewCount="4442" Body="&lt;p&gt;In letters or emails, I often end by saying &quot;Thanks in advance,&quot; thanking the recipient in advance for whatever I am requesting. Is there an equivalent phrase in Spanish that is used in the same way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T00:57:55.997" Title="Translating &quot;Thanks in advance&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1077" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1085" CreationDate="2011-12-23T05:55:41.970" Score="4" ViewCount="62503" Body="&lt;p&gt;When writing formal letters in English where there is no named recipient (for example, a job application sent to a Human Resources department, or a letter sent to an organization in general as opposed to an individual), the letter often starts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To whom it may concern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When composing formal letters or emails in Spanish, what is the equivalent phrase used when the particular individual who will be receiving the letter is unknown?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:32:15.027" Title="Equivalent of &quot;To whom it may concern:&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17314" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:11:14.440" Score="6" ViewCount="2164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/learn_spanish/passive_voice_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;materials for learning Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, discuss the &quot;impersonal se&quot; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;¿Se puede tocar esto?&lt;/em&gt;) and &quot;passive se&quot; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;Se habla español.&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly are these forms grammatically? Is the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in both cases a reflexive pronoun, or is it playing a completely different role? What are the rules for combining an impersonal or passive &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; with other reflexive, indirect, or direct object pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-04T10:57:40.437" LastActivityDate="2016-07-09T20:36:31.627" Title="What exactly are the &quot;passive se&quot; and &quot;impersonal se&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:18:04.023" Score="3" ViewCount="2278" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/learn_spanish/passive_voice_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;One page&lt;/a&gt; I recently ran across discusses the concept of &quot;no fault constructions&quot; or verbs that use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in such a way to describe an action as taking place apart from the person who caused the action. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me cayó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me olvidó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me perdió.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What verbs can be used this way (it seems like it's a relatively small list)? Is there a name for phrases like this? What role do the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; play (i.e. what type of pronouns are they)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T12:28:30.340" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T15:35:51.263" Title="se pronoun in &quot;no fault constructions&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1080" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:42:12.563" Score="5" ViewCount="2698" Body="&lt;p&gt;How did the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; personal pronoun come to be? Is it etymologically related to &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; in any way? Did it develop before or after the other personal pronouns used today (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, etc)? Was it used in Spain and then transferred to Latin America, or did it develop independently in Latin America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T16:53:28.917" Title="Origin of &quot;vos&quot; pronoun" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1081" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:47:05.600" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T06:47:05.600" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T06:47:05.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1082" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:47:05.600" Score="0" Body="The use of the second person singular personal pronoun vos, which occurs in several dialects in the Spanish-speaking world" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T07:07:26.887" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T07:07:26.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1083" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:50:16.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, el grupo de las preposiciones &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U40n8NZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se define así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clase de palabras invariables cuyos elementos se caracterizan por introducir un término, generalmente nominal u oracional, con el que forman grupo sintáctico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas marcadas con el tag &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/preposiciones&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;preposiciones&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;preposiciones&lt;/a&gt; deben versar sobre las palabras que componen este grupo, mostrado al final de este texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;preposition&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;a function word that typically combines with a noun phrase to form a phrase which usually expresses a modification or predication&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/preposiciones&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;preposiciones&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;preposiciones&lt;/a&gt; must concern this type of word. Following is a current list of Spanish prepositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a, ante, bajo, &lt;s&gt;cabe&lt;/s&gt;*, con, contra, de, desde, durante, en, entre, hacia, hasta, mediante, para, por, según, sin, &lt;s&gt;so&lt;/s&gt;*, sobre, tras, versus, vía&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;* en desuso&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:03:24.520" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:03:24.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1084" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-23T06:50:16.937" Score="0" Body="Palabras que introducen términos con los que forman grupo sintáctico. // Function words such as &quot;a&quot;, &quot;de&quot;, &quot;en&quot;, &quot;por&quot;, &quot;para&quot;, &quot;sin&quot;, or &quot;sobre&quot;." OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T10:27:57.430" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T10:27:57.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1077" CreationDate="2011-12-23T08:23:04.760" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A quien corresponda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's more used in open letters (to journals for example). There are other formulas, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a job application: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al jefe/a (encargado/a) del departamento de Recursos Humanos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la atención del departamento de Recursos Humanos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a letter to wholesalers/ stores/... : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la atención del departamento comercial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;More general: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apreciado/a Señor/a (lit. Dear Sir or Madam)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T21:02:13.343" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:02:13.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1076" CreationDate="2011-12-23T08:27:41.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation for formal letters would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agradeciendo (or Agradezco) de antemano su atención&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Thanks in advance for your attention.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In more informal letters you can say &lt;em&gt;Gracias por adelantado&lt;/em&gt; or even just &lt;em&gt;Gracias&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T08:27:41.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1076" CreationDate="2011-12-23T12:19:04.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T12:19:04.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2011-12-23T12:25:20.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Gran Diccionario Larousse is also very unhelpful with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I look up English &lt;em&gt;ampersand&lt;/em&gt; it lists merely: signo &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; - and it has no entry for &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary though lists both &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/et#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;et&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and also &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/y_comercial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;y comercial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, both having feminine gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-08-04T21:08:41.373" LastActivityDate="2012-08-04T21:08:41.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1079" CreationDate="2011-12-23T15:30:45.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a kind of passive called &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Pasiva refleja&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Pasiva refleja&amp;quot; is the passive voice most used in Spanish. RAE explains it &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=se&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. The way of forming it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se +  &amp;lt; transitive verb &amp;gt; + &amp;lt; nominal element &amp;gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb will be always conjugated in 3rd person. If the nominal element is singular it will be 3rd person singular, but if that nominal element is plural it will be 3rd person plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se vende esa casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se venden esas casas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se venden casas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se venden (you can even omit the nominal element if it's implied)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the &amp;quot;nominal element&amp;quot; has a determinant or is a pronoun it can be placed before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa casa se vende&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esas casas se venden&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casas se venden* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentences you provided also have the &lt;strong&gt;accusative pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;me&amp;quot;. This element is used to &amp;quot;accuse&amp;quot; somebody of being &amp;quot;guilty&amp;quot; of that. In that case it is used &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; because you're referring to &amp;quot;Yo&amp;quot;. As it is an indirect pronoun for a person/people you have to use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; (1st person, singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; (2nd person, singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; (3rd person, singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; (1st person, plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; (2nd person, plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; (3rd person, plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you' have for example this sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me cayó (el libro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se te olvidó (nuestro aniversario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se te perdió (la mochicla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you want to express explicitely who you're accusing to, you have to express it after the verb linking it with the preposition &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;. You have to use the acusative pronoun before the verb even if you use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; cayó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; cayó a él. (it emphasizes more than the previous)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; cayó &lt;strong&gt;a ti&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; cayó &lt;strong&gt;a Juan&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; olvidó &lt;strong&gt;a todos ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; olvidó &lt;strong&gt;a todos ellos&lt;/strong&gt; el cumpleaños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; olvidó el cumpleaños &lt;strong&gt;a todos ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T15:35:51.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1077" CreationDate="2011-12-23T18:17:14.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more acceptable form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A quien pueda interesar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this form used on documents issued by government agencies (ie. certificates of some kind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/?sl=auto&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;js=n&amp;amp;prev=_t&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;layout=2&amp;amp;eotf=1&amp;amp;text=&amp;amp;file=#auto%7Ces%7CTo%20whom%20it%20may%20concern%0A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; translates it as &lt;code&gt;A quien pueda interesar&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T18:17:14.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1080" CreationDate="2011-12-23T19:00:23.323" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Forma de 2.ª persona singular [tú] o plural [vosotros].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I gather is that &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; is the short version of &lt;code&gt;vosotros&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;when referring to the second person of plural only&lt;/strong&gt;; however, &lt;code&gt;Vosotros&lt;/code&gt; (vos y otros) is strictly for the second person of plural. RAE again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. person. Formas de nominativo de 2.ª persona plural en masculino y femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vosotros podéis venir a mi casa cuando queráis =&gt; You and the others (your siblings, for example) can come to my house whenever you want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vos podés venir a mi casa cuando querás =&gt; You can come to my house whenever you want. It refers to only one person (tú/usted/you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how I removed the &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;podéis&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;queráis&lt;/code&gt; above. That really varies by country. A Chilean would say &lt;code&gt;vos podéis... vos queráis...&lt;/code&gt; however, an Argentinian would say &lt;code&gt;vos podés... vos querás...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/ns/edicion/2004/julio/voseo.html&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; has a good explanation of above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A diferencia del pronominal, el voseo verbal no es uniforme para toda&#xA;  América, y se dan tres tipos distintos de voseo: 1) el voseo&#xA;  diptongado, es decir, aquel que conserva las formas cantáis, cantéis,&#xA;  coméis, comáis y partís, partáis; 2) el voseo argentino, es decir,&#xA;  monoptongado en la vocal más abierta del diptongo, y 3) el voseo a la&#xA;  chilena, que conserva diptongadas algunas formas, pero monoptonga&#xA;  otras en la vocal más cerrada, atraído por la tercera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as its origin, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/ns/edicion/2004/julio/voseo.html&quot;&gt;the same article linked above&lt;/a&gt; says that the use of &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; can be traced back to the 4th Century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este tema, que, en realidad, es muy amplio, me ceñiré al voseo, o&#xA;  sea, al uso del vos en lugar del tú, que es uno de los fenómenos más&#xA;  característicos del español rioplatense y, también, de los más&#xA;  extendidos y vigentes en casi toda América hispánica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay que remontar el inicio del voseo español al siglo IV de C...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to answer your questions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it etymologically related to vosotros in any way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;vosotros&lt;/code&gt; come from the Latin &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Did it develop before or after the other personal pronouns used today&#xA;  (tú, usted, vosotros, etc)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading the article I linked, I'd say that it was developed after &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Was it used in Spain and then transferred to Latin America, or did it&#xA;  develop independently in Latin America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain, clearly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T20:20:07.053" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T20:20:07.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1048" CreationDate="2011-12-23T22:24:36.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The silent, leading &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; exists for etymological reasons.  As Vulgar Latin developed into Castilian, many (but not all) *f*s at the beginnings of words began to be pronounced as, and spelled with, &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;.  Eventually, the sound represented by &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; was lost, but it remained in the spelling of words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many examples of words in Spanish that start with &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; whose cognates in other languages start with &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.  For example, with English we have the pair &lt;em&gt;halcón&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;falcon&lt;/em&gt;; with Latin, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;facere&lt;/em&gt;; with French, &lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fer&lt;/em&gt;; with Portuguese, &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;falar&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also interesting: the names Hernán and Fernando are cognate (if two words in the same language can be thus described).  Indeed, some contemporary sources refer to a chap named Fernando Cortés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T23:12:57.953" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T23:12:57.953" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1076" CreationDate="2011-12-24T00:57:55.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde ya, muchas gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T00:57:55.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1095" CreationDate="2011-12-24T04:50:22.857" Score="3" ViewCount="1168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an easy way to translate the plurals of numbers?  Some seem pretty straight forward. For instance &lt;em&gt;two sixes&lt;/em&gt; &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;dos seises&lt;/em&gt;.  But what about when the number is already plural, or when pluralizing the number makes the meaning ambiguous (something that doesn't happen in English, which doesn't have plural numbers, per se).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example... in English, one might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you give me two hundreds?  (meaning two one hundred dollar bills)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, a direct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes darme dos cientos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is indistinguishable from &lt;em&gt;Can you give me two hundred?&lt;/em&gt; (which could be in any denomination).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One obvious possibility when dealing with money is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes darme dos billetes de cien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the only possibility?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how would someone say &lt;em&gt;Two two hundreds&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;em&gt;Dos doscientoses&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-24T05:05:25.483" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T17:26:52.887" Title="Plurals of numbers" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-12-24T15:01:09.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;for the first part of your question two hundreds (2 x 100) is written &quot;dos cientos&quot; but two hundred (200) is written doscientos. Of course this is not possible while speaking but the context would help in that situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second part you can drop &quot;billetes/monedas&quot; if you are talking about money &quot;Dos de doscientos&quot; for &quot;two two hundreds&quot; and is still clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="371" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T15:01:09.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1096" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1097" CreationDate="2011-12-25T06:38:42.027" Score="4" ViewCount="64909" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;Happy New Year!&quot; more commonly translated as &quot;¡Feliz Año Nuevo!&quot; or &quot;¡Próspero Año Nuevo!&quot;? Are the two basically synonyms, or is there a difference between the two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-26T20:39:37.900" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T15:17:39.267" Title="Most common translation of &quot;Happy New Year!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1096" CreationDate="2011-12-25T10:06:23.347" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &quot;Próspero Año Nuevo&quot; is more  formal and not really use in speech. You'll find it in Xmas cards, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Feliz Año Nuevo&quot; is used but for a more informal form you can just say &quot;Feliz Año&quot;. &quot;Feliz Año&quot; is what you hear everywhere these days in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Feliz Año!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="371" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-25T22:11:13.370" LastActivityDate="2011-12-25T22:11:13.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1096" CreationDate="2011-12-25T14:33:19.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;code&gt;Happy New Year!&lt;/code&gt; should be translated as &lt;code&gt;¡Feliz Año Nuevo!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Próspero año nuevo&lt;/code&gt; should be translated as &lt;code&gt;Prosperous new year&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very common to say &lt;code&gt;Te deseo una feliz navidad y un próspero año nuevo&lt;/code&gt; (I wish you a merry Christmas and a prosperous new year.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-25T14:33:19.497" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1102" CreationDate="2011-12-26T01:12:12.143" Score="11" ViewCount="3817" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; is only used in Peru, AFAIK, but I wonder if there are any other countries where &lt;code&gt;setiembre&lt;/code&gt;, as opposed to &lt;code&gt;septiembre&lt;/code&gt;, is also valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE links the definition of &lt;code&gt;setiembre&lt;/code&gt; to the definition of &lt;code&gt;septiembre&lt;/code&gt; but offers no further details as to whether &lt;code&gt;setiembre&lt;/code&gt; has always been a valid word or whether it's only used in Peru.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-09-14T13:55:27.003" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T03:34:14.743" Title="¿&quot;Septiembre&quot; or &quot;setiembre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2011-12-26T10:03:16.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Setiembre&quot; is valid everywhere, recently RAE made valid lots of eliminations of hard-to-pronounce double consonants (sétimo for séptimo, sicología instead of psicología, but funnily enough, psique cannot be written as sique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T10:03:16.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-12-26T11:18:22.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, those are probably not the best examples, because in Spanish you don't use bills to express quantities. You can speak about quantities: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame doscientos euros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... or speak about actual bills (which is very specific):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame dos (billetes) de cien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even omitting the word &quot;billetes&quot; is something you can do only when you're talking about actual bills (e.g. with money in your hands). No one usually (at least in Spain) talk about amounts of money like in English with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That's going to cost you two grand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translation to that one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto te va a costar dos mil (euros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Never use: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Esto te va a costar dos miles.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But leaving bills behind, when referring to a number as a noun (e.g. you're looking for two copies of the number one hundred from a series of comic books, or lottery tickets), you cannot say (nor write):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Dame dos cientos&lt;/s&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only in this particular case (using &lt;code&gt;cien&lt;/code&gt; as a noun) you must say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame dos cienes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I say &quot;only&quot; beacuse in any other case (quantities) is a common error.&#xA;If you were to talk about &lt;code&gt;hundreds of people&lt;/code&gt; you should say &lt;code&gt;cientos/centenares de personas&lt;/code&gt; as showed on &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=ciento#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No existe el plural cienes, salvo para hacer referencia al guarismo [la cifra]: Escribe dos cienes en este papel. Así pues, es incorrecto un ejemplo como el siguiente: *«No se les ocurra incrementar los precios de la canasta básica, porque mataría de hambre a cienes de nicaragüenses de clase humilde» (Prensa [Nic.] 12.5.97); debió decirse cientos de nicaragüenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the other numbers you have to use the current formation of plurals, as showed on &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=cardinales&amp;amp;origen=RAE#5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bullet #5, RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se usan como sustantivos, los cardinales sí presentan variación de número y adoptan el plural que les corresponde según su forma (ceros, unos, doses, treses, cuatros, cincos, seises, [...] dieces, onces, doces, treces, etc.): «Toda la historia empezó con una partida de dados, si antes de la tercera salen cinco seises te mato» (Cela Cristo [Esp. 1988]); «El cazador Rosario me sirvió cinco cartas: me tocaron tres doces» (Scorza Tumba [Perú 1988]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="364" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-26T17:26:52.887" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T17:26:52.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2011-12-26T16:45:23.443" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=septiembre&quot;&gt;Septiembre's entry&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; says both forms are valid, but the preferred one is Septiembre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) pero en el uso culto se prefiere decididamente la forma etimológica &lt;strong&gt;septiembre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T16:45:23.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1080" CreationDate="2011-12-26T16:53:28.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vos#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vōs&lt;/em&gt; is the plural second-person pronoun in Latin. The Latin &lt;em&gt;vōs&lt;/em&gt; became the singular second-person &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, which was then pluralized by appending the &lt;em&gt;-otros&lt;/em&gt; suffix to form &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (i.e., &lt;em&gt;vos y otros&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;tū&lt;/em&gt;, the singular second-person pronoun in Latin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A previous question already explained that &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/251/etymology-of-usted&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T16:53:28.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1104" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-26T18:46:36.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;pretérito&lt;/em&gt; se define por el DLE como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U8HCFgV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pretérito, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;praeterĭtus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;praeterīre&lt;/em&gt; 'pasar, dejar&#xA;  atrás'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que ya ha pasado o sucedió.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. Tiempo que sitúa la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo en un punto anterior al momento del habla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación se detalla la lista de tiempos pretéritos en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito anterior: Tiempo perfectivo que sitúa la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo en un punto del pasado inmediatamente anterior a otro punto también pasado. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Hube cantado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito imperfecto: Tiempo imperfectivo que indica que la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo se desarrollan de manera simultánea a cierta acción pasada. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;cantaba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito indefinido o pretérito perfecto simple: Tiempo perfectivo que indica que la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo se sitúan en un punto anterior al momento del habla. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;canté&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto: Tiempo perfectivo que sitúa la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo en un momento anterior al presente en un lapso no concluido. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;he cantado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto: Tiempo perfectivo que sitúa la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo en un momento anterior a otro, igualmente pasado. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;había cantado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T15:52:16.847" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T15:52:16.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1105" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-26T18:46:36.467" Score="0" Body="Tiempo gramatical que expresa acciones que tuvieron lugar en el pasado o se completaron en este. // Grammatical tense expressing actions that took place or were completed in the past." OwnerUserId="318" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:09:20.853" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:09:20.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1106" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-26T20:15:13.913" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-12-26T20:15:13.913" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T20:15:13.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1107" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-26T20:15:13.913" Score="0" Body="Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Peru." OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2011-12-26T20:22:41.263" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T20:22:41.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1111" CreationDate="2011-12-26T20:26:58.987" Score="14" ViewCount="19353" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has three words that can translate to English &lt;code&gt;to try&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Probar&lt;/code&gt; is easy to remember because it's used for &lt;code&gt;sample&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;taste&lt;/code&gt;, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you ever tried tacos el pastor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I never know when to use &lt;code&gt;tratar de&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;intentar&lt;/code&gt;. Just now I wanted to write &lt;code&gt;I will try to come to the next meeting&lt;/code&gt; and used &lt;code&gt;intentar&lt;/code&gt; but when I checked with Google Translate it used &lt;code&gt;tratar de&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which word works best for this use and are there some guidelines about when each is appropriate, or are they interchangeable synonyms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-11T15:25:26.750" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T20:58:12.473" Title="When to use &quot;tratar de&quot; and when to use &quot;intentar&quot; for &quot;to try to&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-12-26T20:33:29.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look at the Google translation, you will notice all these alternatives are offered for the beginning of the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a tratar de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a intentar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trataré de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intentaré&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trataré (&lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for this usage, &lt;strong&gt;intentar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tratar de&lt;/strong&gt; are synonymous. Of course there might be regional preferences for any of the 4 ways to write it, but they all mean exactly the same and will be understood by everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T20:33:29.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1112" CreationDate="2011-12-27T00:56:56.420" Score="4" ViewCount="1844" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a recent trip to a Spanish-speaking country, I realized I don't know most of the terms involved in the process of retrieving luggage at a destination airport. I thought it would make sense to combine them in one question. What are the typical Spanish translations for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baggage claim&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baggage carousel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conveyer belt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oversize baggage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;overweight baggage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checked baggage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;carry-on baggage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baggage cart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T11:00:11.767" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:00:11.767" Title="Airport baggage vocabulary" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-12-27T01:40:58.110" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that they are synonyms, but not in all cases. So I'd distinguish several meanings of try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Taste, sample, or otherwise test in order to determine strength, effect, worth, or desirability. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that meaning the only possibility is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Probar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. I have never tried the Spanish omelette.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nunca he &lt;strong&gt;probado&lt;/strong&gt; la tortilla de patata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. You can try the car to check it's worth it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Puedes &lt;strong&gt;probar&lt;/strong&gt; el coche para comprobar que merece la pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To make an effort; strive; endeavor. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it would be translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;intentar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tratar de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;procurar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;; but &lt;strong&gt;not as &quot;probar a&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. They tried to win the match but they couldn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intentaron&lt;/strong&gt; ganar el partido pero no pudieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trataron de&lt;/strong&gt; ganar el partido pero no pudieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procuraron&lt;/strong&gt; ganar el partido pero no pudieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To attempt, to have a go &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;intentar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tratar de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;probar a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. As he couldn't open the front door he tried to open the back door.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como no podía abrir la puerta delantera &lt;strong&gt;intentó&lt;/strong&gt; abrir la puerta trasera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como no podía abrir la puerta delantera &lt;strong&gt;trató de&lt;/strong&gt; abrir la puerta trasera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como no podía abrir la puerta delantera &lt;strong&gt;probó a&lt;/strong&gt; abrir la puerta trasera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2011-12-27T11:47:04.763" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T11:47:04.763" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1110" CreationDate="2011-12-27T01:53:44.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;baggage claim: Zona de recogida de equipajes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;baggage carousel: Cinta transportadora de equipajes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;conveyer belt: Cinta transportadora.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;oversize baggage: Equipaje con exceso de tamaño.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;overweight baggage: Equipaje con exceso de peso. Equipaje con sobrepeso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;checked baggage: Equipaje facturado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;carry-on baggage: Equipaje de mano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;baggage cart: Carrito de equipaje. Carrito para equipaje.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T01:53:44.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1114" CreationDate="2011-12-27T05:53:33.657" Score="0" ViewCount="1127" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Box&quot; in English can be translated into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cajón&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;estuche&lt;/em&gt;. What exactly is the difference between these three words? What types of boxes are translated as each? Which would best describe a shipping box used for sending something in the mail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T07:44:40.493" Title="caja vs. cajón vs. estuche" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1113" CreationDate="2011-12-27T07:44:40.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common one, at least in Spain, is &quot;caja&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cajón&quot;, though it is defined as &quot;caja&quot; by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/&quot;&gt;Real Academia Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, refers usually to big, sturdy boxes. Like made of wood, instead of cardboard. But in Spain, &quot;cajón&quot; is usually used in its &quot;drawer&quot; meaning.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;estuche&quot; generally refers to small boxes, for storing pens, jewels, etc. In some cases it used for bigger things. For example, music instruments, like guitars, are kept in &quot;estuches&quot;. But those are quite specific cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, summarizing, and generalizing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caja: generic box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cajón: big, sturdy box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estuche: small (in some cases big, too) box, with a specific use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the shipping box, I would say &quot;caja&quot;. And, when in doubt, use &quot;caja grande&quot;, &quot;caja pequeña&quot;, &quot;cajita&quot; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T07:44:40.493" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-12-27T08:49:12.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also say &quot;un vaso de whisky con agua&quot;, meaning &quot;a whisky glass (a glass designed to drink whisky), filled with water&quot;, but that's a rather rare use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T08:49:12.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1117" CreationDate="2011-12-27T14:57:52.193" Score="2" ViewCount="4133" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;un escritor hecho a sí mismo, por sí mismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching around, both a sí mismo and por sí mismo were translated as &quot;for himself, by himself&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure in this context it means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a writer made by himself, for himself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? What are the proper translations of the above two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-27T16:48:29.843" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T10:19:51.050" Title="Translating &quot;a sí mismo, por sí mismo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1116" CreationDate="2011-12-27T15:10:29.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, &quot;hecho a sí mismo&quot; is best translated as &quot;self-made&quot;. And &quot;por sí mismo&quot;, as &quot;by himself&quot;. So maybe I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a self-made writer, made by himself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-27T16:48:57.987" LastActivityDate="2011-12-27T16:48:57.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1119" CreationDate="2011-12-27T15:16:12.290" Score="3" ViewCount="351" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard a few songs (off the top of my head, A Dios Le Pido) where they pronounce &quot;y&quot; both with a y-sound and an English j-sound at times. In some songs, the different pronunciations occur when repeating the same phrase (from the song above, &quot;yo a Dios le pido&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it just something that can occur in music? To my knowledge, people add accents in English music, but for any one song they stick with one accent. Is this not the case in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T17:27:26.427" Title="Jumping between pronunciations of &quot;y&quot; in Spanish songs" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2011-12-27T15:47:18.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to songs, everything and anything is valid in Spanish. Just listen to 5 minutes of reggaeton and you'll see how every possible grammar and pronunciation rule is broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Singers usually do this sort of thing to force a rhyme, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-08-16T17:27:26.427" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T17:27:26.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-27T20:34:03.967" Score="4" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española is the main, official language academy of the Spanish language. But there are also country-specific language academies in most Spanish-speaking countries. What do these language academies do? Are they official offices with staff working every day, or just conferences of people that meet occasionally? Do they typically have public buildings that one could visit, or are they closed organizations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T18:31:49.433" Title="What do the Latin American language academies do?" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1134" CreationDate="2011-12-28T01:00:27.353" Score="2" ViewCount="3556" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;reserva&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;reservación&lt;/em&gt; (as in a reservation that you would make at a restaurant)? Do the two words mean the same thing? Which is used in what parts of the Spanish-speaking world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T08:16:44.123" Title="reserva vs. reservación" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1123" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1136" CreationDate="2011-12-28T01:35:33.730" Score="10" ViewCount="8963" Body="&lt;p&gt;When does the word &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; have an accent (&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;) on the first &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt;)? When does it not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo debe llevar tilde la palabra &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T07:57:55.153" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T14:04:28.627" Title="When does sólo have an accent? / ¿Cuándo debe llevar tilde la palabra &quot;solo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1128" CreationDate="2011-12-28T01:42:18.320" Score="0" ViewCount="3720" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate the phrase &quot;for the rest of the day&quot; into Spanish, as in the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm tired, I think I want to stay home for the rest of the day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you think it will keep raining for the rest of the day?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T17:07:53.337" Title="Translating &quot;for the rest of the day&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1125" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-28T01:58:01.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas etiquetadas con &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selecci%c3%b3n-de-palabras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&lt;/a&gt; deben versar sobre la mejor forma de expresar un concepto, cuando quien pregunta tiene varias opciones disponibles para ello, pero desconoce cuál encaja mejor con lo que quiere decir. Es necesario pues un trabajo previo de investigación, presentar las opciones y dejar que los participantes elijan, o incluso aporten nuevas opciones que aporten más variedad a la discusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selecci%c3%b3n-de-palabras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&lt;/a&gt; are about trying to find the best way to express a concept, when the asker has several choices available, but does not know which fits what he's trying to say. Previous effort (research must be shown) and context must be provided, so that answers can explain why one is best or why some other new options would work better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions tagged with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selecci%c3%b3n-de-palabras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/523/12637&quot;&gt;How should I ask someone to repeat something they've said?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22/12637&quot;&gt;Question words: &quot;qué&quot; versus &quot;cuál&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:46:09.823" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:46:09.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1126" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-28T01:58:01.150" Score="0" Body="Determinar entre varias opciones cuál es la mejor forma de expresar un concepto. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Which option is the best choice to express a concept?" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:46:09.823" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:46:09.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1127" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1143" CreationDate="2011-12-28T02:04:38.563" Score="2" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was told the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;conmoción&lt;/em&gt; refers to a strong feeling of shock or emotion shared by a group of people rather than an individual. It seems like English doesn't have a single word or phrase that describes this whole concept. What would be the best way to translate &lt;em&gt;conmoción&lt;/em&gt; when translating something from Spanish to English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T01:25:32.007" Title="Best English translation of &quot;conmoción&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1124" CreationDate="2011-12-28T02:17:35.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd translate it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(por) el resto del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy cansado, creo que me quiero quedar en casa (por) el resto del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Piensas que seguirá lloviendo (por) el resto del día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T17:07:53.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1131" CreationDate="2011-12-28T03:17:36.497" Score="4" ViewCount="13813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I remember reading in high school that the word &lt;code&gt;la banana&lt;/code&gt; is actually a different word in several different countries. Is this true? If so what are the other similar/equivalent Spanish words for &lt;code&gt;la banana&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T20:02:54.057" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T20:02:54.057" Title="Other Spanish synonyms to &quot;Banana&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1132" CreationDate="2011-12-28T03:25:11.990" Score="6" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to recall some high school spanish and having difficulties as its been several years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under what conditions would one use the subjunctive form of a verb? Why would you want to use it to express something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T06:19:13.360" Title="When would one use the subjunctive form of a verb?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2011-12-28T05:43:02.093" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=banana&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=pl%C3%A1tano&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the standard/neutral Spanish word for the English &quot;banana.&quot; Other regional words include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=banana&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;banana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - used in Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Uruguay to refer to a banana (the plant or the fruit)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=banano&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - used in Central America, Bolivia, and Colombia to refer to a variety of banana&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=cambur&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cambur&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - used in Venezuela to refer to a similar fruit to bananas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit more complicated than simple translation, because there are several plants that are could be classified as bananas (herbaceous plants of the genus Musa) that are found in many Spanish-speaking countries. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana&quot;&gt;English Wikipedia page for &quot;Banana&quot;&lt;/a&gt; mentions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In popular culture and commerce, &quot;banana&quot; usually refers to soft, sweet &quot;dessert&quot; bananas. By contrast, Musa cultivars with firmer, starchier fruit are called plantains or &quot;cooking bananas&quot;. The distinction is purely arbitrary and the terms 'plantain' and 'banana' are sometimes interchangeable depending on their usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_%C3%97_paradisiaca&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt; groups several varieties of plants together and mentions that they can be called: &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;banana&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cambur&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;topocho&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;guineo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a specific country example, in Nicaragua, &lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt; means banana (the sweet kind) and &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt; means plantain (the starchy kind).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2011-12-28T06:00:16.653" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T06:00:16.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1130" CreationDate="2011-12-28T06:19:13.360" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can be a very involved topic, and it would take pages to discuss all the nuances (see any Spanish grammar book). But the basic idea, as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_grammar#Subjunctive&quot;&gt;Wikipedia puts it&lt;/a&gt;, is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The subjunctive of a verb is used to express certain connotations in sentences such as a wish or desire, a demand, an emotion, uncertainty, or doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is technically a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_mood&quot;&gt;grammatical mood&lt;/a&gt; that can be contrasted with the indicative mood. The indicative mood is associated with statements of fact or certainty, while the subjunctive covers statements of doubt or desire. However, there are cases where this general rule of thumb doesn't seem to apply, and those can come down to just memorizing rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/persuad1.htm&quot;&gt;One resource online&lt;/a&gt; reviews the subjunctive by splitting it into the following cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In independent clauses:&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expressing deference or respect (with &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With words meaning &quot;maybe&quot; or &quot;perhaps&quot; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;quizá(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tal vez&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In imperatives based on the subjunctive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In noun clauses following verbs of influence, doubt or denial, emotion, or subjective reactions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In adverbial clauses where the cause is anticipated (e.g. &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In adjectival clauses where the modified word is negated, nonexistent, or indefinite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &quot;if&quot; clauses involving an &quot;unreal&quot; condition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details, it might be helpful to ask a more specific question about a particular aspect of the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T06:19:13.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1123" CreationDate="2011-12-28T08:10:15.083" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Solo&lt;/em&gt; has an accent when it means &quot;only&quot; and can be mistaken with &quot;alone&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare these two sentences:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Voy a estar solo un día. = &lt;em&gt;I'm going to stay alone for a day.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Voy a estar sólo un día. = &lt;em&gt;I'm going to stay just one day.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learnt the rule, I was told &quot;si puede sustituirse por &lt;em&gt;únicamente&lt;/em&gt;, lleva tilde&quot;, but the actual rule is, &quot;si puede sustituirse por &lt;em&gt;únicamente&lt;/em&gt; y puede confundirse con &lt;em&gt;sin compañía&lt;/em&gt;, lleva tilde&quot;. That said, I usually put the accent whenever it means &quot;only&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=tilde2#323&quot;&gt;explanation by RAE in the DPD&lt;/a&gt; (Diccionario panhispánico de dudas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2011-12-28T16:23:44.227" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T16:23:44.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1122" CreationDate="2011-12-28T08:16:44.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE, they're pretty much the same in that sense, I would say. But I've never heard &quot;reservación&quot; in Spain, really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T08:16:44.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="450" CreationDate="2011-12-28T08:57:34.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, at least in the Basque Country, it is sometimes used as a &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; informal &quot;good bye&quot;, or &quot;see you&quot;. Something like &quot;bueno, entonces hasta mañana&quot;, and then dropping everything but &quot;bueno&quot;. I've even heard it (and probably said it) reduced to &quot;bo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T08:57:34.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1123" CreationDate="2011-12-28T09:45:43.880" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should never put an accent in &quot;solo&quot; if you want to follow RAE latest recommendations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following accentuation rules &quot;solo&quot; would never have an accent but the previous rules recommend it in cases ambiguity between the adverb and adjective meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#novOrto5&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; (which haven't updated the DPD yet) the ambiguity cases are very rare and can be solved using other words (solamente, únicamente...) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="371" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2011-12-28T15:40:10.523" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T15:40:10.523" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1141" CreationDate="2011-12-28T15:42:20.997" Score="4" ViewCount="5995" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common in Mexico to use the word camarada as a way to call informally a friend. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo un camarada que es piloto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ayer fuimos a la fiesta un camarada y yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE defines camarada as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;camarada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De cámara, por dormir en un mismo aposento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;com. Persona que acompaña a otra y come y vive con ella.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;com. Persona que anda en compañía con otras, tratándose con amistad y confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;com. En ciertos partidos políticos y sindicatos, correligionario o compañero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Compañía o junta de camaradas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. ant. batería (‖ conjunto de piezas de artillería).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. ant. batería (‖ fortificación para poner a cubierto piezas de artillería).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the meanings are different from the real use in Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When did the word become popular?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other countries that use that word with that meaning?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2014-07-27T18:37:05.713" Title="Why &quot;camarada&quot; means friend?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1137" CreationDate="2011-12-28T16:01:00.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the second question, in Spain, though it's not very widely used, it is perfectly understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T16:01:00.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1144" CreationDate="2011-12-28T16:02:26.250" Score="10" ViewCount="38286" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, besides &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cerveza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; we call &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;beer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cheve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pisto (anything with alcohol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bironga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;helada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fría&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are used informally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other words used to address &lt;em&gt;beer&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish in other countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T09:50:34.737" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T09:50:34.737" Title="What are the different words for &quot;beer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2011-12-28T16:30:24.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colombia: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Birra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Birrincha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amargas &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2011-12-28T23:12:07.213" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T23:12:07.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1137" CreationDate="2011-12-28T19:01:48.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;code&gt;camarada&lt;/code&gt; is mostly used when referring to someone that shares your own political party or political view, in general (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comrade&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia has a good explanation as to how and when it became popular&lt;/a&gt;). It shouldn't have a bad connotation but unfortunately in Latin America is mostly used by the far left, the far right and the terrorists in between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The PSUV (Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela) uses &lt;code&gt;camarada&lt;/code&gt; all the time. Check Iris Varela's twitter (current Venezuelan minister)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Colombian paramilitary groups and guerrillas use the term &lt;code&gt;camarada&lt;/code&gt; to refer to their members.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the meaning as synonym of friend is understood everywhere, but personally, I would avoid it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T19:01:48.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2011-12-28T23:50:17.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we mostly use &quot;birra&quot; and &quot;caña&quot; (besides &quot;cerveza&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Birra&lt;/strong&gt; It's used like &quot;cerveza&quot;, but it's more casual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caña&lt;/strong&gt; Usually it's a beer from the tap, not a can or a bottle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T23:50:17.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2011-12-28T23:56:11.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=conmoci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wordreference.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conmoción&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;sustantivo femenino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;( Med ) concussion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(trastorno, agitación): el siniestro produjo una ~ en el país the disaster left the country in a state of shock;&#xA;  la noticia produjo una ~ familiar the news shocked the whole family&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;( Geol ) shock&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your purpose I would go with &quot;state of shock&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-29T01:25:32.007" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T01:25:32.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2011-12-29T00:07:47.027" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is very widespread to call it (colloquially) &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5atJF2Q&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;birra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (from the Italian &lt;em&gt;birra&lt;/em&gt;, itself from the German &lt;em&gt;Bier&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito una &lt;strong&gt;birra&lt;/strong&gt;. (I need a beer) [slang]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also hear &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;rubia&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; for a lager. &amp;quot;Cerveza rubia&amp;quot; is the complete name, though informally some people call it just &amp;quot;rubia&amp;quot;. The context of the sentence should make it clear you are referring to a lager beer instead of a blonde woman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me puedes poner una &lt;strong&gt;rubia&lt;/strong&gt;? (Can I have a lager beer?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;caña&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; if it is a beer in a glass instead of in a bottle (which is called &amp;quot;botellín de cerveza&amp;quot; if it is small, &amp;quot;litrona&amp;quot; if it's a bottle of 1 litre). Also as Peter Taylor suggests (thanks) a third of a litre is called a &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tercio&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and you can use it to ask for 33cl of beer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero una &lt;strong&gt;caña&lt;/strong&gt;. (I want a glass of beer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero una &lt;strong&gt;botellín de cerveza&lt;/strong&gt;. (I want a bottle of beer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero una &lt;strong&gt;litrona&lt;/strong&gt; (de cerveza). (I want a litre bottle of beer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero un &lt;strong&gt;tercio&lt;/strong&gt; (de cerveza) (I want third of a litre of beer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As MikMik points out there are some different names for the beer depending on the size of the glass. When the size of the glass is small (about 125 or 150cl) it is called in many ways, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zurito&lt;/strong&gt; (name typical in the Basque Country)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chato de cerveza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the name &amp;quot;caña&amp;quot; is usually for a bigger glass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1139/different-words-for-beer#comment1968_1144&quot;&gt;MikMik&lt;/a&gt; also points out &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;garimba&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is another term used, at least &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lapalma.es/post/2009-11-09-nace-garimba-la-primera-cerveza-palmera&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in the Canary Islands&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T20:09:23.577" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2011-12-29T03:21:42.507" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile and Mexico: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8gvyo1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Vamos por unas &lt;strong&gt;Chelas&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp; Let's go for some beers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T20:03:21.093" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T20:03:21.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="834" CreationDate="2011-12-29T07:54:51.320" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always loved this one, since I first read it in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafalda&quot;&gt;Mafalda&lt;/a&gt; as a child: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=correveidile&quot;&gt;correveidile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's a whole sentence in one word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T07:54:51.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="253" CreationDate="2011-12-29T08:04:12.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas has &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?clave=cardinales&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;the official answer&lt;/a&gt; (unless the new Ortografía has changed it):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;single word up to &lt;em&gt;veintinueve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, then multiple words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;treinta y tres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ciento cuarenta y cuatro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quinientos dieciocho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ciento tres mil cuarenta y tres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T08:04:12.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-29T13:13:38.480" Score="10" ViewCount="486" Body="&lt;p&gt;Along with &lt;a href=&quot;https://german.stackexchange.com/questions/944/free-online-resources-for-beginner-course/946#946&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, what are good, free online resources to learn Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Important areas such as grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation should be covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="386" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:42:15.293" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T01:40:25.947" Title="Free online resources for beginner course" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T08:00:07.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1152" CreationDate="2011-12-29T19:15:40.593" Score="2" ViewCount="83661" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural way in Spanish to say &quot;I'm sorry for your loss,&quot; as in what you would say to someone grieving over a departed relative or friend (or even the loss of a job)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:22:25.850" Title="Translating &quot;I'm sorry for your loss&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1160" CreationDate="2011-12-29T19:23:55.807" Score="4" ViewCount="3511" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we use the word &quot;come&quot; very loosely (at least in day-to-day spoken English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Want to come over to my place later?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I come over to your house for New Years'?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you come meet me at the coffee shop after work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'll bring pictures of the kids the next time I come visit you in Florida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, &quot;come&quot; can be used regardless of where the speaker and the listener are located, either now or in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, I've heard that &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; is supposed to be used only for situations where the listener is coming to the speaker's current location, and &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; should be used for other situations (the same goes for &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;). Is this the rule? If so, is it just in formal, written contexts, or does it apply to spoken language too? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T05:37:16.390" Title="Speakers' location in determining venir vs. ir" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1167" CreationDate="2011-12-29T19:28:00.997" Score="18" ViewCount="15803" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;verduras&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vegetales&lt;/em&gt;? In what situations can one be used as a translation for &quot;vegetables&quot; and the other cannot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T08:15:27.443" Title="&quot;Vegetable&quot;: verdura vs. vegetal" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1149" CreationDate="2011-12-29T19:30:03.613" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation for that particular case (grieving) could be one of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi más sentido pésame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi más sincero pésame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are formal ways. The action of doing this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar el pésame (to your friend who just loss his father for example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more informal way of doing this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento mucho tu pérdida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te acompaño en tu dolor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te acompaño en el sentimiento (thanks @Rellikiox)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T23:30:06.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1162" CreationDate="2011-12-29T19:33:38.537" Score="9" ViewCount="2204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read that &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt; can mean both a mythical creature or, metaphorically, a kind of magical sensation to something. What exactly does &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt; refer to in both senses? How would both of these senses be best translated to English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T21:32:48.853" Title="Literal and metaphorical translation of &quot;duende&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-29T20:43:47.943" Score="2" ViewCount="642" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate phrases involving &lt;code&gt;wait until&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;wait for&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait until I call you before you leave for the restaurant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait for me to come home before you buy the tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should wait until those shirts go on sale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I waited for him to come but he never showed up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what verb tenses should be used in these phrases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:20:23.427" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:20:23.427" Title="Translating &quot;wait until&quot; or &quot;wait for&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1161" CreationDate="2011-12-29T20:53:36.977" Score="1" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;peripheral&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or &quot;peripheral device&quot; refers to most devices that can be connected to a computer: keyboards, mice, digital cameras, external hard drives, webcams, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent word in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:20:42.967" Title="Translating &quot;peripheral&quot; (computer device)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1155" CreationDate="2011-12-29T21:13:14.100" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;Wait until I call you before you leave for the restaurant.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Espera a&lt;/em&gt; que te llame antes de que salgas hacia el restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait for me to come home before you buy the tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esperame a que&lt;/em&gt; llegue a casa antes de comprar los billetes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should wait until those shirts go on sale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deberías &lt;em&gt;esperar a&lt;/em&gt; que esas camisetas salgan a la venta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I waited for him to come but he never showed up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esperé a que&lt;/em&gt; viniera pero no apareció.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="286" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T21:13:14.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1156" CreationDate="2011-12-30T00:05:41.593" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think two good alternatives are &lt;code&gt;periférico&lt;/code&gt; used in Spain and &lt;code&gt;dispositivo&lt;/code&gt; used in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="388" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:20:42.967" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:20:42.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1151" CreationDate="2011-12-30T00:41:09.107" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &quot;vegetal&quot; is anything relative to plants, and &quot;verdura&quot; is a vegetable. So a &quot;verdura&quot; is a &quot;vegetable&quot;, but a &quot;vegetable&quot; is not necessary a &quot;verdura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=vegetal&quot;&gt;Vegetal&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=verdura&quot;&gt;Verdura&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T00:41:09.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1150" CreationDate="2011-12-30T00:48:36.473" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you use &quot;venir&quot; when moving to the speaker's current location, and &quot;ir&quot; to another location. However, as in English, you can say &quot;¿Quieres venir a mi casa?&quot; without being in said place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE has a very simple but good explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Venir&lt;/strong&gt; Llegar a donde está quien habla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ir&lt;/strong&gt; Moverse de un lugar hacia otro apartado de quien usa el verbo ir y de quien ejecuta el movimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From rae.es &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=venir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Venir&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T05:37:16.390" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T05:37:16.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1156" CreationDate="2011-12-30T00:52:08.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;periférico&quot;. It can be used both as a noun (&quot;Un teclado es un periférico&quot;) and as an adjective (&quot;Un teclado es un dispositivo periférico&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=peripheral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wordreference.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T00:52:08.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1153" CreationDate="2011-12-30T01:23:14.547" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you said, &lt;em&gt;Duende&lt;/em&gt; has two basic meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mythical Creature&lt;/strong&gt; Traditionally it refers to a mischievous &lt;em&gt;spirit that inhabits a house&lt;/em&gt;. Now it's also used to refer to small creatures with magical powers; they usually are very skinny, have big heads, big eyes and long ears (also, Santa's Helpers are called &quot;Duendes de Santa Claus&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feeling&lt;/strong&gt; It's almost exclusively used in Flamenco. It's a &lt;em&gt;mysterious sensation that is very hard to define&lt;/em&gt;. More &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamenco#Duende&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over all, it's a very complex word, it has a lot of history, and can be used in several sentences, and mean something different in each one, but it's always something special. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=duende&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duende&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="381" LastEditDate="2011-12-30T11:25:29.217" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T11:25:29.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1163" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-30T02:49:31.073" Score="2" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;grabación&lt;/em&gt;? In other words, what types of &quot;videos&quot; does each describe? Which of the two would best describe a video recorded using a home video recorder or digital camera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T10:24:53.917" Title="video vs. grabación" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1166" CreationDate="2011-12-30T03:00:07.203" Score="5" ViewCount="2248" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1153/literal-and-metaphorical-translation-of-duende&quot;&gt;Another question I asked&lt;/a&gt; made me realize that English has many names for mythical beings. Many of these can refer to both a historical myth or superstition as well as a more modern definition (in fiction, gaming, movies, etc.), but most of them clearly refer to a particular type of mythical creature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mythical creatures I can think of would include the following. Do these have direct translations in Spanish? If not, what words for mythical beings exist in Spanish and what types of creatures do they refer to? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;elf&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dwarf&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;goblin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pixie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fairy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dragon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mermaid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unicorn&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;leprechaun&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;centaur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gnome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;orc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;troll&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;werewolf &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T16:19:01.467" Title="Names of mythical beings/creatures" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1163" CreationDate="2011-12-30T03:14:34.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A 'grabación' is best used for non-professional video recording. 'Vídeos' is used for any kind of visual media, usually for short formats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you refer to a short format like a youtube video or a video taken with the phone you will say 'vídeo'. But we usually say 'vídeo' if the video is in VHS or BETA format.  Those video magnetic cases are named 'vídeos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have some examples that might help you...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vamos a ver la grabación de la boda de Dani: Let's watch the Dani's wedding video&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La grabación del parking delató al criminal: The parking recording exposed the criminal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El último vídeo de Lady Gaga no me gustó nada: I didn't like the latest Lady Gaga's video&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pon el vídeo de Dumbo: Put the Dumbo movie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastEditorUserId="8" LastEditDate="2015-10-11T10:24:53.917" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T10:24:53.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1164" CreationDate="2011-12-30T03:54:02.707" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they all refer to mythical beings and, AFAIK, &lt;strong&gt;most&lt;/strong&gt; of them have direct spanish translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elf&lt;/strong&gt;: Elfo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwarf&lt;/strong&gt;: Enano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Goblin&lt;/strong&gt;: Trasgo (Spain) or Trauco (Chile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fairy&lt;/strong&gt;: Hada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pixie&lt;/strong&gt;: Pixie (consider a kind of fairy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dragon&lt;/strong&gt;: Dragón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mermaid&lt;/strong&gt;: Sirena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unicorn&lt;/strong&gt;: Unicornio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leprechaun&lt;/strong&gt;: Duende&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Centaur&lt;/strong&gt;: Centauro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gnome&lt;/strong&gt;: Gnomo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Orc&lt;/strong&gt;: Orco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Troll&lt;/strong&gt;: Trol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Werewolf&lt;/strong&gt;: Hombre lobo / Licántropo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other creatures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cyclops&lt;/strong&gt;: Cíclope&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nymph&lt;/strong&gt;: Ninfa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chimera&lt;/strong&gt;: Quimera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ogre&lt;/strong&gt;: Ogro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hobbit&lt;/strong&gt;: Hobbit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gremlin&lt;/strong&gt;: Gremlin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kraken&lt;/strong&gt;: Kraken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golem&lt;/strong&gt;: Golem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medusa&lt;/strong&gt;: Medusa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Damn! I love mythology :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T16:19:01.467" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1151" CreationDate="2011-12-30T08:26:40.840" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vegetal&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bR5GNTb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here the new definition according to RAE&lt;/a&gt;) is either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an adjective refering to plants (much &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vegetable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like in English&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a noun meaning just &quot;plant&quot; (like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;first definition of vegetable as a noun&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verdura&lt;/em&gt;, on the other hand, refers to edible plants, specially those with green leaves. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (in Spain, at least) we make a distinction between &lt;em&gt;hortaliza&lt;/em&gt; (any vegetable, in the 2nd meaning of vegetable as a noun in the previous link) and &lt;em&gt;verdura&lt;/em&gt;, which are a subset of hortaliza.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So lettuces, spinachs, cabbages, caulifloweres, chards, etc. are &lt;em&gt;verduras&lt;/em&gt;, but potatoes, carrots, tomatoes, etc. are just hortalizas. However, when someone says &quot;es bueno comer verdura&quot;, we all understand that carrots, tomatoes, etc. are included. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T08:15:27.443" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T08:15:27.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1163" CreationDate="2011-12-30T08:40:02.363" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me, there's mostly a one to one relation between &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish and &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; in English, and between &lt;em&gt;grabación&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;recording&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; can also mean &lt;em&gt;video cassette recorder&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;video cassette&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T08:40:02.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2011-12-30T09:53:30.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me, as Randolf and Martin have pointed out in their answers, there is a slight difference in the timeframe. &quot;No supo la respuesta&quot; sounds to me like &quot;no supo qué responder &lt;em&gt;en ese momento&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example, about an exam, you could say, &quot;me preguntaron X, y &lt;em&gt;no supe&lt;/em&gt; la respuesta&quot;. It doesn't mean I didn't have the knowledge, but I was unable to give a correct answer at that moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if instead of &quot;la respuesta&quot; you use &quot;qué responder&quot;, as in &quot;no supe qué responder&quot;, it can mean or sound like &quot;I didn't answer because I had no valid or convincing answer&quot;. For example: &quot;cuando mi madre me preguntó cómo se había roto el jarrón chino, no supe qué responder&quot; (of course, I knew I had been using it as a basket to play basketball, but that would not be convincing enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T09:53:30.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1120" CreationDate="2011-12-30T10:22:54.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But there are also country-specific language academies in most&#xA;  Spanish-speaking countries. What do these language academies do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Association of Spanish Language Academies is the entity which regulates the Spanish language. It was created in Mexico in 1951 and represents the union of all the separate academies in the Spanish-speaking world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Association convenes every four years, led by a permanent commission composed of a president, secretary general, the RAE treasurer, and four board members drawn from the associated academies and which rotate annually. During the Third Congress of Academies, held in Bogotá, Colombia, in 1960, an agreement was reached whereby the governments of countries with a member in the Association would be obliged to provide financial support to their respective academies and the greater Association.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T10:22:54.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1163" CreationDate="2011-12-30T12:33:59.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are similar, but are used in different ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Vídeo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually translates to just 'video', though it has other meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Phisical Format&lt;/strong&gt; The device that holds magnetic tape, used to record images and sound (usually refers to VHS).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VHS Player&lt;/strong&gt; The machine to reproduce &lt;em&gt;vídeos&lt;/em&gt; is also called &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recording&lt;/strong&gt; The recording of images in some sort of physical media. Nowadays this is the most used, since VHS was replaced by other forms of storage. Any kind of video is called &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;vídeos de Youtube&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;un vídeo en al tele&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Grabación&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be translated to recording, and it means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Act of recording&lt;/strong&gt; The actual act of capture images and audio in some sort of physical media.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recipient of recording&lt;/strong&gt; The physical device in which a video is held.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So they have similar meanings, but for &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt; the most common is the concept  of a video, and for &lt;em&gt;grabación&lt;/em&gt; it's the act of recording a vídeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE.es &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?origen=RAE&amp;amp;LEMA=v%C3%ADdeo&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vídeo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=grabaci%C3%B3n&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grabacíon&lt;/a&gt; (sorry for the weird links, it's hard to link to words with accents).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T12:33:59.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1078" CreationDate="2011-12-31T01:57:51.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is not reflexive in neither example you gave, it's only reflexive when it can be translated to &lt;em&gt;him-/her-/itself&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example: &lt;em&gt;se miró al espejo&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;em&gt;he looked himself on the mirror&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: This isn't a golden rule, there are exceptions, like &lt;em&gt;se ató los zapatos&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;he tied his shoelaces&lt;/em&gt;) which doesn't involve &lt;em&gt;himself&lt;/em&gt;, but because although semantically the shoes are the object of the action, grammaticaly, in Spanish, the shoes are not who &lt;em&gt;receive&lt;/em&gt; the action but rather the person tying them, hence &lt;em&gt;se ató los zapatos&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;ató sus zapatos&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess a better way of expressing this would be: If the receiver of the action (most times the object of the verb) is the same as the subject of the action, then it's reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="169" LastEditDate="2011-12-31T04:53:24.697" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T04:53:24.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:10:03.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many dialects (or forms, if you wish) of Spanish, the &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; before a consonant transforms into an aspirated sound very similar to the english &lt;em&gt;H&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So imagine something like &lt;em&gt;Jesuhcristo&lt;/em&gt; and it's only logical that it ends up like &lt;em&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Yes, the &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Cristo&lt;/em&gt; could have suffered the same process, so there's a hole in my theory. :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:10:03.380" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1149" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:22:25.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most accurate translation in my opinion would be &lt;em&gt;Lamento su/tu pérdida&lt;/em&gt; (formal/informal)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:22:25.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1056" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:28:27.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would add to @CesarGon's answer, that an alternative translation of &lt;em&gt;settings&lt;/em&gt; could be &lt;em&gt;configuración&lt;/em&gt;, which is literally &lt;em&gt;configuration&lt;/em&gt; because there's no equivalent for the verb &lt;em&gt;set&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:28:27.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="706" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:44:03.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always though of the rule of doubling the initials for plural as a little cumbersome, but it's just the way it is.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've seen it also for &lt;em&gt;Derechos Humanos&lt;/em&gt; = DDHH (Human Rights)  and &lt;em&gt;Fuerzas Armadas&lt;/em&gt; = FFAA (Armed Forces)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina, EEUU is the most used, and I've seen it with all the combinations of dots you listed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Occasionally I see EUA, but far less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:44:03.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="652" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:54:34.127" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This doesn't answer the question directly but adds some related information.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish dialects where an &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; preceding a consonant, is pronounced as an english &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; this wouldn't even be possible to pronounce, imagine pronouncing a word like &lt;em&gt;hpecial&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hparta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Argentina, Uruguay, parts of Spain and Central America, I think.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-16T16:40:24.130" LastActivityDate="2019-05-16T16:40:24.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="626" CreationDate="2011-12-31T02:57:32.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never seen acronyms in Spanish chat, like LOL and ROFL, only onomatopoeias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I use LOL myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T02:57:32.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1187" CreationDate="2011-12-31T06:31:29.427" Score="2" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;SpanishDict translates some verbs and their pronominal forms (+de, +a, etc.) as the same thing. Off the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escapar - to escape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escaparse de - to escape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olvidar - to forget&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olvidarse de - to forget&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this pattern elsewhere. Is there generally an additional meaning associated with the pronominal forms in cases like this? If not a general form, then specifically the examples above, how should they be interpreted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T20:39:52.687" Title="Difference between some verbs and pronomial forms of the verb with the same translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1184" CreationDate="2011-12-31T06:37:34.317" Score="3" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Shakira's &lt;em&gt;Suerte&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo puedo escalar los Andes solo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ir a contar tus lunares&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; preferable to &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; in this case. If one translation of &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; is roughly &amp;quot;for the purpose of&amp;quot;, then doesn't &amp;quot;for the purpose of counting your moles&amp;quot; make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-01T03:25:49.677" Title="Why is &quot;por&quot; prefered to &quot;para&quot; in the example within?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1192" CreationDate="2011-12-31T06:48:11.117" Score="4" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the answer given &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1118/jumping-between-pronunciations-of-y-in-spanish-songs&quot;&gt;to my other question&lt;/a&gt;, I'd like to know if it's common to have completely nonsensical lyrics in Spanish music. I know English music has some ridiculous lyrics, but generally popular music tends to stay decipherable. But while trying to translate Sharkira's Rabiosa (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OO1pOqRJkA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YouTube link&lt;/a&gt;), I was completely lost. Reading a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shakiraholics.org/board/showthread.php?s=26a932bd07c1b5bb0afd44fbf41ec0ee&amp;amp;threadid=8994&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;forum posting&lt;/a&gt;, it looks like the song is confusing for everyone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: is this a style or genre in Spanish music, is the song actually decipherable, or is this just one case of a gibberish song?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T13:08:53.930" Title="Are nonsensical lyrics common in Spanish lyrics?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1193" CreationDate="2011-12-31T07:05:58.827" Score="3" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;All languages have dialects, but there tend to be &quot;major&quot; dialects (e.g. For English, Canadian/American, a few of the British accents could be considered as the main dialects to consider learning (there are others, this is just an example)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Spanish, it seems like there are many more major dialects. For that matter, it just seems like there are more dialects in general. That said, is proper pronunciation really that important, given that so many people speak in so many ways, all of which are native to different regions? Along these lines, is it incorrect to combine features and 'make up' a dialect (e.g. pronounce 'll' the way Argentinians do and 'z' the way Spaniards do)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T23:25:15.220" Title="How important is 'proper' pronunciation in Spanish and is it incorrect to 'make up' a dialect?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1186" CreationDate="2011-12-31T07:47:00.573" Score="2" ViewCount="2162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard that Spanish puts much less value on &quot;por favor&quot; than English does on &quot;please&quot;. If this is true, could someone elaborate? Are there any situations where in English 'please' is expected, but in Spanish 'por favor' is not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastActivityDate="2012-01-01T03:21:47.070" Title="Difference between usage of &quot;por favor&quot; and &quot;please&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1180" CreationDate="2011-12-31T11:55:00.393" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have misunderstood the meaning of the sentence. The sentence is not saying that he would climb the Andes for the purpose of counting her moles, but that counting her moles is his motivation for climbing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="390" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2011-12-31T13:49:41.570" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T13:49:41.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1183" CreationDate="2011-12-31T12:01:44.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is hard to answer because there are many spanish-speaking countries, and each has its own culture with many differences on what is considered rude, and what is socially acceptable regarding the usage of words such as please. However, as a general rule, you should consider always being polite to the people you talk to to avoid sounding rude or improper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="390" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T12:01:44.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1183" CreationDate="2011-12-31T14:06:43.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This probably varies from country to country but as a Spanish (from Spain) speaker living in London I know I sometimes sound rude because I don't use please/thanks as much I should in England but also, because of that I started using more polite words while speaking Spanish and sometimes I sound too formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Classic example if asking for a beer: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English &quot;Can I have a Beer please?&quot; doesn't sound over-the-top polite at all but in Spanish &quot;Ponme una cerveza&quot; (Give me a beer) can be use without being impolite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said I reckon using please as much as in English can't hurt and being too polite will be better than the risk of being rude. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="371" LastActivityDate="2011-12-31T14:06:43.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1179" CreationDate="2011-12-31T14:15:49.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, It has an additional meaning. &lt;em&gt;De, a, hacia, desde, etc&lt;/em&gt; are prepositions, and they are used to fine tune the verb they are with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De&lt;/em&gt; usually points to the passive recipient of the action (I don't know the actual term). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escaparse de la policía - To escape from the cops &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you're doing the escaping, but the cops are being the ones being escaped from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer de un plato - To Eat from a plate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, in this case you're doing the eating, and the plates is the one being eaten from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples are not well translated, they should be like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escapar - to escape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escaparse de - to escape &lt;em&gt;from&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Olvidar - to forget&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Olvidarse de - to forget &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T20:39:52.687" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T20:39:52.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1191" CreationDate="2012-01-01T02:12:03.130" Score="4" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a consistent rule to create &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/reflexive1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reflexive verbs&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When utilizing reflexive verbs are all verbs able to become reflexive verbs by adding, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; at the end of the infinitive verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.E.: &lt;code&gt;&quot;lavarse&quot;, &quot;tomarse&quot;, &quot;rascarse&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T13:56:14.543" Title="Is there a consistent rule for constructing reflexive verbs?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1183" CreationDate="2012-01-01T03:21:47.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more of a culture related question than language related, and may vary from country to  country.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;From my experience, I live in Argentina, I feel that &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; is used pretty much like &lt;em&gt;please&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-01T03:21:47.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1180" CreationDate="2012-01-01T03:25:49.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it would make more sense and be more grammatically correct &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; in this case, but &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is not wrong either, and song lyrics are the place to take this kind of liberties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-01T03:25:49.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1188" CreationDate="2012-01-01T03:54:59.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, and it's the rule you wrote yourself, adding &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to the infinitive.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As all infinitives end in &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt;, adding &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is totally regular and consistent.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least grammatically, because there &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be some verbs that are semantically unable to become reflexive, I.E. it wouldn't make any sense that the subject and the object be the same, although I'm not sure and can't name any right now.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As @Eduardo suggests, the verbs &lt;em&gt;nacer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;parir&lt;/em&gt; can't by logic be reflexive.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Another examples are &lt;em&gt;llover&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (when not acting as an auxiliary verb*) this two verbs don't have a subject (nobody &lt;em&gt;rains&lt;/em&gt;) so they can't be reflexive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;there is&lt;/em&gt; in this case. When acting as an auxiliary as in &lt;em&gt;haber ido&lt;/em&gt; (have gone) can be reflexive, but that's a different case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="169" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T13:56:14.543" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T13:56:14.543" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1181" CreationDate="2012-01-01T03:59:21.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say nonsensical lyrics, but at least they make some grammatical sense, and may not make much sense in the semantic aspect.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after all, song lyrics are a form of poetry, and I've seen poem verses that are just enumerations of nouns or adjectives, so it's not strange that some lyrics take also some liberties from the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-01T03:59:21.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1182" CreationDate="2012-01-01T04:07:45.960" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt; means and in which circumstances.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In a Spanish exam, you'll certainly fail with the example you gave, but if all you want is to be understood by native speakers, you'll mostly be alright as we all spanish speakers can understand each other no matter what &lt;em&gt;dialect&lt;/em&gt; each one speaks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, I'm Argentinian and once in Mexico, I called the operator to make a phone call back home and I said: &lt;em&gt;quiero hacer una llamada&lt;/em&gt;, with the typical Argentine pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; as you say, which sounds pretty much like english &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; and the operator kept saying &lt;em&gt;¿samada?&lt;/em&gt; and she coudln't possibly understand what I was saying, until I corrected myself to &lt;em&gt;/iamada/&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="169" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T23:25:15.220" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T23:25:15.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1195" CreationDate="2012-01-01T20:50:34.267" Score="6" ViewCount="1220" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I say, &quot;Feliz año&quot; to Mexicans, they usually mutter something and trail off. Is this a standard response to my holiday valediction, am I being dissed, or am I being neurotic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="394" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T21:51:30.520" Title="What do Mexicans always mutter to me after I say, &quot;Feliz año&quot;?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1194" CreationDate="2012-01-01T21:22:02.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm mexican and when someone says to you &quot;Feliz año&quot; you usually respond:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias, igualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T04:13:21.413" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T04:13:21.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1148" CreationDate="2012-01-01T23:01:03.670" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Online Websites&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/spanish/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BBC Online&lt;/a&gt;. (Probably the best so far)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Learn spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;123 teachme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learner.org/series/destinos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Destinos: An Introduction to Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podcasts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/one-minute-spanish/id400175575&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One Minute Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/coffee-break-spanish/id201598403&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coffee Break Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/spanish-a-finally-learn-spanish/id209618884&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Finally Learn Spanish – Beyond the Basics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/insta-spanish-lessons/id115018357&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;InstaLearn Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/learn-spanish-spanishpod101.com/id270572701&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Learn Spanish 101&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/learn-spanish-survival-guide/id170271930&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Survival Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/spanish-podcasts-for-beginners/id260780223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish for beginners&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.openculture.com/free_spanish_lessons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list of resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T01:40:25.947" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T01:40:25.947" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2012-01-02T16:26:52.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I normally say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo ganas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more like &quot;I really want to...&quot; or &quot;I have a desire to...&quot; which is what I think you are implying with &quot;I can't wait to....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="365" LastEditorUserId="365" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T15:49:10.857" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T15:49:10.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1199" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:27:20.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qué palabra escoger como la más apropiada en un contexto determinado para explicar un concepto. La mejor elección entre palabras con significados realmente similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choosing the most appropriate word in a given context or to explain a concept. The best choice between words with very similar meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:41:36.920" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:41:36.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1200" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:27:20.457" Score="0" Body="De qué manera una palabra, frase o concepto es usado en el idioma español. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;How a word, phrase, or concept is used in the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:43:21.020" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:43:21.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1120" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:34:19.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina has its &lt;em&gt;Academia Argentina de Letras&lt;/em&gt; that has close relation with &lt;em&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;. In its homepage it describes its activities, address, regular meeting schedules and general goal. Here is its &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.letras.edu.ar/institucional.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;institutional page&lt;/a&gt;. They have a building and permanent staff as well. They also promote events and attempt to keep track of changes in the language and keep contact with Spanish academies from other countries mostly Latin American.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="352" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T18:31:49.433" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T18:31:49.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1202" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:39:34.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An expression should be considered &quot;true slang&quot; if it meets at least two of the following criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It lowers, if temporarily, &quot;the dignity of formal or serious speech&#xA;or writing&quot;; in other words, it's likely to be considered in those&#xA;contexts a &quot;glaring misuse of register.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its use implies that the user is familiar with whatever is referred&#xA;to, or with a group of people who are familiar with it and use the&#xA;term.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;It's a taboo term in ordinary discourse with people of a higher&#xA;social status or greater responsibility.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It replaces &quot;a well-known conventional synonym&quot;. This is done&#xA;primarily to avoid discomfort caused by conventional phrases or by&#xA;further elaboration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T23:10:13.867" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T23:10:13.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1203" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:39:34.750" Score="0" Body="The use of informal words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's language or dialect but are considered more acceptable when used socially. | For slang, use &quot;coloquialismos&quot;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T15:06:00.543" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T15:06:00.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1206" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:51:34.427" Score="6" ViewCount="11776" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought that any statement after 'cuando' should be in the subjunctive tense if it implied anything other than habitual events or was used in a question, but wasn't sure if this is actually the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vas a la playa?  (No need to use subj. as this is a question)   &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando vamos a la playa, normalmente... (No need to use subj. as this&#xA;is talking about something habitual)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando vayamos a la playa... (Need to use subj. as this implies&lt;br&gt;&#xA;uncertainty)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone check that I have the correct understanding of the above sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="398" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T09:45:05.123" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T23:22:10.127" Title="When should the subjunctive be used after 'cuando'?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="581" CreationDate="2012-01-02T21:56:39.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's two basic ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me da mal &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; se me da mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se me da muy bien &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; se me da muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can modify the adverb (&lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt;/*bien* in this case) to represent how bad you're at it, or for personal preference: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mal - muy mal - bastante mal - fatal - como el culo (very vulgar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bien - muy bien - nada bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other ways is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy bastante malo &lt;em&gt;haciendo algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No soy muy bueno &lt;em&gt;haciendo algo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also change the adverb like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;malo - bastante malo - realmente malo - malisimo - terrible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bueno - muy bueno - buenisimo - genial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just two ways, but I'm sure there are plenty more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T21:56:39.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1204" CreationDate="2012-01-02T22:09:13.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the subjunctive after conjunctions of time to describe that something has not yet been observed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; both with and without subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando vengan&lt;/strong&gt; mis papás, los voy a llevar a la playa porque &lt;strong&gt;cuando vinieron&lt;/strong&gt; mis hermanos, fuimos y les gustó mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its equivalent in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; my parents &lt;strong&gt;come&lt;/strong&gt;, I'm going to take them to the beach, because &lt;strong&gt;when&lt;/strong&gt; my brothers &lt;strong&gt;came&lt;/strong&gt;, we went and they liked it a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="352" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T23:22:10.127" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T23:22:10.127" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1215" CreationDate="2012-01-02T23:35:39.950" Score="0" ViewCount="977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know you can't translate everything directly, sometimes it doesn't make sense, specially when it comes from quotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best intepretation of the following quotes?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What goes around comes around&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like father like son&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above were random examples. It would be great if you can provide as many as you can think of and also if you know the other way around (from Spanish to English) of, say for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más sabe el diablo por viejo que por diablo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay mal que por bien no venga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea of how to say that in English. Do all quotes have their English counterpart?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T20:34:44.617" Title="Interpretation of quotes or famous sayings" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2012-01-12T18:06:48.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-02T23:50:15.433" Score="5" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, how would one say 'More Cuba Libres' in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T00:33:45.323" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T22:07:45.947" Title="What is the plural of 'Cuba Libre' (the beverage)?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1208" CreationDate="2012-01-03T00:28:20.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I mostly hear &lt;em&gt;Cuba libres&lt;/em&gt;, my view point is that of a native speaker, not a linguist, so it may not be right, but in matters of languages, how the &lt;em&gt;living&lt;/em&gt; language is, is sometimes more important that what books say.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One clear example is &lt;em&gt;Medialunas&lt;/em&gt; ( literally &lt;em&gt;half-moon&lt;/em&gt;, means croissant ) although sometimes but not often, I've heard &lt;em&gt;medias lunas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T00:28:20.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2012-01-03T01:00:12.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Like father like son&lt;/em&gt; has a direct equivalent in &lt;em&gt;De tal palo tal astilla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T01:00:12.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2012-01-03T01:05:47.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know from a linguistic standpoint, but &lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt; is never used, and it's mostly considered incorrect.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, at least, is in Argentina. If you say &lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt; no matter in what context, people will laugh, because it's utterly wrong just as saying &lt;em&gt;I thinked&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T01:05:47.683" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1212" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1213" CreationDate="2012-01-03T03:13:43.860" Score="11" ViewCount="10950" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the infinitive form of a verb in English, (e.g. to speak), the word 'to' seems to convey a specific meaning where, in Spanish, an additional preposition is used in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can use running shoes to run faster&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct English translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedo usar zapatillas correr más rápido &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seemingly, the more correct Spanish expression is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedo usar zapatillas &lt;b&gt;para&lt;/b&gt; correr más rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we take the correct expression to include the preposition 'para' , which signals a reason or means 'in order to', in the English, the word 'to' here covers that meaning as well as forms the infinitive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there are some common rules for when to place prepositions before infinitive verbs, and which to use. (Such as ir+a+infinitive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastEditorUserId="25" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T22:10:10.370" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T22:10:10.370" Title="When to add prepositions before an infinitive verb (por/para/a/de)?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1212" CreationDate="2012-01-03T05:44:38.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I start to get a grasp on what you were trying to ask.&#xA;In Spanish the preposition that goes before any given verb will always depend on the verb, the intention, etc. It does not depend on the fact that it is an infinitive by itself.&#xA;I will show you how an infinitive can be preceded by at least half the prepositions in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a: Vamos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; caminar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antes de: Desayuno &lt;strong&gt;antes de&lt;/strong&gt; salir.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bajo: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cerca de: El perro estuvo &lt;strong&gt;cerca de&lt;/strong&gt; morir.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con: &lt;strong&gt;Con&lt;/strong&gt; desayunar me alcanza.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;contra: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de: &lt;strong&gt;Vengo&lt;/strong&gt; de jugar al futbol.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delante de: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dentro de: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde: Odio todos los habitos alimenticios, &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; desayunar hasta merendar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;despues de: Nos vemos &lt;strong&gt;despues de&lt;/strong&gt; comer.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;detras de: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;durante: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encima de: &lt;strong&gt;Encima de&lt;/strong&gt; ser malo, es feo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enfrente de: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entre: El testigo se debate &lt;strong&gt;entre&lt;/strong&gt; atestiguar o no.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fuera de: &lt;strong&gt;Fuera de&lt;/strong&gt; efectuar actividad fisica, puede realizar cualquier otra tarea.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hacia: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hasta: &lt;strong&gt;Hasta&lt;/strong&gt; terminar no paro.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;para: &lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt; hacer dinero hace falta trabajar duro.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por: &lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; correr, se lastimo la pierna.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;segun: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sin: &lt;strong&gt;Sin&lt;/strong&gt; nadar será imposible llegar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sobre: [n/a]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tras: &lt;strong&gt;Tras&lt;/strong&gt; llegar, dormiremos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to say is that the fact that there is an infinitive does not imply any correspondence with any specific preposition. The preposition will be given by the verb and what you are actually trying to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: The preposition list was taken from one of the articles in the OP question comment, from the about.com website. I knew a list of prepositions by hard, which included some more, but they are rarely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="381" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T18:44:20.923" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T18:44:20.923" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2012-01-03T09:26:04.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What goes around comes around&lt;/strong&gt; could be translated as &lt;em&gt;Arrieritos somos y en el camino nos encontraremos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más sabe el diablo por viejo que por diablo&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;There's no substitute for experience&lt;/strong&gt; googling I've found too &lt;strong&gt;Don´t teach your grandmother how to suck eggs&lt;/strong&gt; but I don't know if it's really common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no hay mal que por bien no venga&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Every cloud has a silver lining&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;When live gives you lemons make lemonade&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a source you have the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Spanish_proverbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia entry about spanish proverbs&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/English_proverbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the same for English proverbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T09:26:04.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2012-01-03T11:39:47.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quotes like this (in Spanish &lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt;) are very hard to translate because they are very dependent on your location. There are some with direct translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When pigs fly ~ Cuando los cerdos vuelen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like father like son ~ De tal palo tal astilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there are some that have the same meaning, but different wording:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush ~ Más vale pájaro en mano que ciento volando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two in distress makes sorrow less ~ Las penas compartidas saben a menos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a good list of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.saberingles.com.ar/idioms/proverbs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt; in English and Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, and here a list of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.refranesysusignificado.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; with an explanation of what they mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T11:39:47.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1208" CreationDate="2012-01-03T11:54:33.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can either write Cuba Libre as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuba Libre&lt;/strong&gt;: in this case the plural is either &lt;em&gt;Cubas Libres&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cubas-Libres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cubalibre&lt;/strong&gt;: in this case the plural can only be &lt;em&gt;cubalibres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T11:54:33.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1208" CreationDate="2012-01-03T22:07:45.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem here is the difference between proper and common Spanish. In proper Mexican Spanish a proper name is never pluralized. For example if there are 3 people named Jose in a room you say “Dale la sopa a los Jose nomas.” Give the soup to the Joses only; this is because the name always refers to an individual that cannot be plural. It may sound funny but the proper way to say it is “Dame 3 Cubalibre para mis compañeros”. The rules for when to use the plural are very specific in proper Spanish. I found an example back in a previous question about “Buenas Noches.” The proper form is if you are addressing an individual you say “Que tengas una buna noche” now if you are addressing a group you say “Tengan buenas noches” it is plural because the night refers to each person so multiple people have there individual night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T22:07:45.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="261" CreationDate="2012-01-04T01:50:58.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; you can use it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo un libro &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am reading a book &lt;strong&gt;about&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can use it for magazines, an article, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T01:50:58.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1224" CreationDate="2012-01-04T05:21:51.800" Score="7" ViewCount="43346" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;¡No manches!&lt;/em&gt; is quite common here in Mexico, and it's easy to tell from context when it ought to be used (similar to &quot;No way!&quot; in English), but what does it literally mean?  And where is this phrase used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-21T20:06:50.047" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T18:12:48.797" Title="Regional usage and literal meaning of &quot;¡No manches!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1221" CreationDate="2012-01-04T12:41:21.970" Score="13" ViewCount="8572" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué dicen los españoles cuando juntos levantan la copa de vino solemnemente? ¿Cómo se dice &quot;cheers&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="226" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T19:35:55.323" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T19:35:55.323" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;cheers&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1220" CreationDate="2012-01-04T13:03:32.457" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we usually say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chin chin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you the people wants to wish somebody or something good luck, then someone suggests &lt;strong&gt;un brindis por...&lt;/strong&gt; and the rest answers &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt;...:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un brindis por&lt;/strong&gt; los novios ... ¡&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; los novios!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un brindis por&lt;/strong&gt; Juan ... ¡&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; Juan!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un brindis por&lt;/strong&gt; el coche nuevo... ¡&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; el coche nuevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in a very informal environment, some people do like a ritual saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arriba, abajo, al centro y &amp;quot;pa&amp;quot; adentro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;moving the glass/cup, raising it when they say &amp;quot;arriba&amp;quot;, lowering it when they say &amp;quot;abajo&amp;quot; ,moving it to the center when they say &amp;quot;al centro&amp;quot; and drinking after saying &amp;quot;pa adentro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T17:27:27.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2012-01-04T14:29:57.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Independent of different meanings in the past, both have come to be interchangeable, it's mostly a matter of regionalisms.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina you almost always hear &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;, except sometimes in formal speech.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens with &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; which is almost always preferred over &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:43:10.123" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:43:10.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1219" CreationDate="2012-01-04T15:26:59.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No manches can be used in the following contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P1: Iba caminando por la banqueta cuando de repente me encontré un billete de $500 tirado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P2: ¿No manches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P1: Sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be replaced with another popular phrase: ¿En serio? (Really?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another use would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P1: (P1 approaches his car and sees that it has been hit) ¡No manches!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P2: ¿Qué pasa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P1: Alguien golpeó mi carro. Mira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of this one is like: ¡No puede ser! (This can't be happening!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literally meaning of &quot;No manches&quot; comes from the verb &quot;manchar&quot;:&#xA;(&lt;strong&gt;RAE&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;manchar&#xA;  1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. maculāre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner sucio algo, haciéndole perder en alguna de sus partes el color que tenía. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;No manches&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is interchangeable with another popular Mexican expression: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No mames&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No mames&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is even more informal and &quot;mames&quot;, from the verb mamar, is also considered a bad word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to not use these expressions in formal conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2012-02-21T11:10:27.903" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T11:10:27.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1219" CreationDate="2012-01-04T15:33:47.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No manches&lt;/code&gt; literally means &amp;quot;Don't stain&amp;quot; (mancha -&amp;gt; stain). It is used mostly, if not exclusively, in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used to express some sort of disbelief:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer descubrí que mi madre le pone los cachos a mi padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No manches, güey!  (yes, with G). (Get out of here!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T15:33:47.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="253" CreationDate="2012-01-04T16:51:23.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; read an article online that refers to this question. I am quoting it below for completeness. In summary, besides the traditional form, it is also valid to use forms such as &lt;code&gt;cuarentaicinco&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;setentaitres&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La norma para escribir los números cardinales decía que a partir de treinta y uno iban separados, cuarenta y ocho, sesenta y nueve,&#xA;  noventa y tres, excepto, claro está, los redondos, cuarenta, sesenta,&#xA;  noventa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Ortografía del 2010 admite ahora la escritura de esos números en&#xA;  una sola palabra, cuarentaicuatro, cincuentainueve, sesentaisiete,&#xA;  pero mantiene como válida la tradicional, cuarenta y cuatro, cincuenta&#xA;  y nueve, sesenta y siete. Observe que en cualquier caso son&#xA;  incorrectas las formas trentisiete, cuarenticuatro, cincuentinueve,&#xA;  que tanto se oyen en la radio cuando dan la hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/vida-de-hoy/educacion/consejos-de-ortografia_10934724-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.eltiempo.com/vida-de-hoy/educacion/consejos-de-ortografia_10934724-4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T18:04:54.707" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T18:04:54.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1219" CreationDate="2012-01-05T05:17:26.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my recollection this is a polite way of saying &quot;No me chinges&quot; that in turn became the polite &quot;No Manches&quot;. I grew up in Mexico City in the 60s and my family was very strict on using bad words. Its like saying fudge instead of F@#$.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-21T20:11:12.860" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T20:11:12.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-05T18:32:05.770" Score="5" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you're using y/o with options of different genders, what's the correct ending to use for an adjective that modifies both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, I was writing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si entras un usuario y/o contraseña &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;____&lt;/strong&gt;, se te marca un error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't use &quot;incorrectos&quot;, because it doesn't work: consider interpretation &quot;un usuario o contraseña incorrectos&quot;.  &quot;incorrecto&quot; would hardly be any better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I settled upon was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si entras un usuario inválido y/o una contraseña inválida, ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, I think, correct but inelegant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more elegant way to phrase this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-01-07T14:54:17.823" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T14:54:17.823" Title="What adjective ending to use with &quot;algo masculino y/o algo femenino&quot;" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1227" CreationDate="2012-01-05T19:17:17.333" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's check what RAE says about this. In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=concordancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; of RAE you can read&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2. &lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo pospuesto a varios sustantivos&lt;/strong&gt;. Cuando un adjetivo califica a dos o más sustantivos coordinados y va pospuesto a ellos,&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;lo más recomendable es que el adjetivo vaya en plural y en masculino&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;si los sustantivos son de distinto género&lt;/strong&gt;: «Tiene el pelo y la barba&#xA;enmarañados»  «Apareció [...] vestida con&#xA;traje y mantilla blancos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si&#xA;concordase solo con el último de los sustantivos, se generarían casos&#xA;de ambigüedad, pues podría interpretarse que el adjetivo únicamente se&#xA;refiere al más cercano: vestida con traje y mantilla blanca (¿el traje&#xA;y la mantilla son blancos, o solo es blanca la mantilla?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No&#xA;obstante, cuando los sustantivos coordinados se conciben &lt;strong&gt;como una&#xA;unidad&lt;/strong&gt;, de la que cada uno de ellos designa un aspecto parcial, el&#xA;adjetivo puede &lt;strong&gt;concordar en género y número con el más próximo&lt;/strong&gt;: «La&#xA;gente de origen y habla francesa predomina en la provincia de Quebec»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically it means that when you use and adjective after two nouns with different gender you should use a masculine adjective in plural (to avoid ambiguity). But if the 2 nouns are considered as a unit, you can use an adjective which agrees with the last noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you consider the user and the password as a unit you can use an adjective which agrees with &amp;quot;contraseña&amp;quot;, so it would be femenine and singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Si entras un usuario y/o contraseña &lt;strong&gt;inválida&lt;/strong&gt;, se te marca un error.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can consider it as in the first case as well and use an adjective in masculine and plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Si entras un usuario y/o contraseña &lt;strong&gt;inválidos&lt;/strong&gt;, se te marca un error.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem of the first case is that it is ambiguous because we don't know if &amp;quot;inválida&amp;quot; refers to the last name or to both nouns, but I guess that people would understand what you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As synonyms for &amp;quot;inválido&amp;quot; in this context you could use any of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inválido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Erróneo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incorrecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, at least in Spain, &amp;quot;entrar&amp;quot; is usually used as an intransitive verb and for that meaning we usually use verbs like &amp;quot;meter&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;introducir&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Introducir&amp;quot; sounds more technical if you're writing something like an user manual. Also, &amp;quot;marcar&amp;quot; could be used as a non-pronominal verb and probably even in future tense (depending on what you mean):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si introduces un usuario y/o contraseña &lt;strong&gt;inválida&lt;/strong&gt;, se (te) marca(rá) un error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T07:16:28.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1229" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1230" CreationDate="2012-01-05T21:44:47.807" Score="7" ViewCount="2683" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation for Quest is &quot;búsqueda&quot; but it just does not work properly. In English we say &quot;I'm on a quest for the holy grail&quot; this is not quite the same as &quot;I'm searching for the holy grail.&quot; So how do I get the seance of adventure implied in &quot;quest&quot; in Spanish. Can some one think of a better word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T12:39:30.120" Title="A good word for &quot;quest&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1229" CreationDate="2012-01-05T22:54:43.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &quot;misión&quot; is pretty common, here are some example websites in Spanish using it in a game context:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wowhead.com/faction=942/expedicion-cenarion#quests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wowhead.com/faction=942/expedicion-cenarion#quests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eliteguias.com/guias/t/tes5s/the-elder-scrolls-v-skyrim-misiones-de-los-companeros.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.eliteguias.com/guias/t/tes5s/the-elder-scrolls-v-skyrim-misiones-de-los-companeros.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="143" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T22:54:43.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1232" CreationDate="2012-01-05T23:17:21.477" Score="2" ViewCount="1094" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine for a moment you know who stole your car (some thiefs for example):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabemos qué personas lo hicieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above sentence is the same as saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabemos quiénes lo hicieron. (Persons are imply)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both sentences we are talking about people, so my question is, if I use this form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabemos quiénes personas lo hicieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct and/or legal? I mean using &quot;quiénes&quot; despite &quot;personas&quot; being implied?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-05T23:24:48.390" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T00:47:33.157" Title="Using &quot;qué&quot; or &quot;quién&quot; when talking about people" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1231" CreationDate="2012-01-05T23:42:56.723" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=quien&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quién&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;interrogative/exclamative pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;, so it must resplace a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=que&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can be an &lt;strong&gt;interrogative/exclamative pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; (when referring to things) or and &lt;strong&gt;interrogative/exclamative adjective&lt;/strong&gt; (when referring to people or things). So as we are talking about people it can only be an adjective so it has to go with a name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find a complete explanation from RAE about the use of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=qui%E9n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;quién&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; here and about the use of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=qu%E9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example the sentence you gave:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos &lt;strong&gt;qué personas&lt;/strong&gt; lo hicieron. (Qué used as an adjective: &lt;strong&gt;Correct&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos &lt;strong&gt;quiénes&lt;/strong&gt; lo hicieron. (Quiénes used as a pronoun: &lt;strong&gt;Correct&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos &lt;strong&gt;quiénes personas&lt;/strong&gt; lo hicieron.* (Quiénes used as an adjective: &lt;strong&gt;Incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; lo hicieron.* (Qué used as a pronoun, replacing people: &lt;strong&gt;Incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T00:47:33.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1233" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-06T03:49:11.130" Score="7" ViewCount="3381" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the textbook &lt;em&gt;Fuentes:  Conversación y gramática&lt;/em&gt;, and in it it states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;To talk about &lt;strong&gt;indefinite quantity&lt;/strong&gt; in affirmitive sentences and questions, use the following adjectives and pronouns.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book then goes on to list the following adjectives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algún&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alguna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algunos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algunas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the word &lt;em&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt; can be pluralized, why -- or &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; -- would you use the word &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; to represent an indefinite quantity of objects?  It looks like a singular adjective to me.  The book only gives examples of algunos and algunas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it similar to the way that the words &lt;em&gt;less&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fewer&lt;/em&gt; are used in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="405" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T14:05:05.520" Title="Algún to represent an indefinite quantity?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1233" CreationDate="2012-01-06T09:09:59.247" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alguna&lt;/em&gt; are singular, but they imply one out of many, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna canica quebrada en la bolsa? | &lt;em&gt;Is there a broken marble in the bag?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you translate it this way you don't know if there are one or several in the bag. A more precise translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a broken one in the bag [of marbles]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The plural expresses several out of many:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hay algunas canicas quebradas en la bolsa? | &lt;em&gt;Are there any broken marbles in the bag?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the word &lt;em&gt;broken/cracked&lt;/em&gt; pluralizes along with &lt;em&gt;algunos(as)&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T14:05:05.520" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T14:05:05.520" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1236" CreationDate="2012-01-06T11:10:06.333" Score="17" ViewCount="33030" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been taught that 'gustar' is an unusual verb and that you only ever use 'gusta' or 'gustan' depending on whether you like singular or plural things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you use 'me gustas' to say 'I like you'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="406" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T06:48:27.153" LastActivityDate="2020-04-22T11:42:06.057" Title="Is &quot;me gustas&quot; ever correct, e.g. to say &quot;I like you&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1235" CreationDate="2012-01-06T11:24:21.850" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;me gustas&lt;/em&gt; is correct way to say this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gustar&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;unusual&quot; in the way that it doesn't mean &quot;to like&quot;, but rather &quot;to be liked by&quot;.  &quot;to please&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's absolutely not true that you only ever use &lt;em&gt;gusta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;gustan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider few examples for each grammatical person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya no te gusto &amp;mdash; You don't like me anymore&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustas &amp;mdash; I like you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta España &amp;mdash; I like Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé que os gustamos &amp;mdash; I know that you like us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gustáis &amp;mdash; I don't like you &lt;em&gt;(plural)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gustan los toros &amp;mdash; I don't like bullfighting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-07-14T17:38:53.477" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T17:38:53.477" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1233" CreationDate="2012-01-06T12:53:48.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;strong&gt;alguno/s&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;alguna/s&lt;/strong&gt; (which usually mean &quot;some&quot;) can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an &lt;strong&gt;adjective&lt;/strong&gt;. E.g. &lt;em&gt;Fueron algunas personas a la fiesta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;. E.g. &lt;em&gt;¿Fueron tus amigos a la fiesta? No todos, solo &lt;strong&gt;algunos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. (&quot;algunos&quot; replaces &quot;algunos amigos&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when they are used &lt;strong&gt;as an adjective&lt;/strong&gt; sometimes you have to use the short form &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;alguno/alguna&lt;/em&gt;. These are the rules: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;when it is before a masculine name you have to use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. (&quot;&lt;em&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can't be used in this case)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún&lt;/strong&gt; hombre&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. *&lt;em&gt;Alguno hombre&lt;/em&gt; (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún&lt;/strong&gt; buen hombre&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. *&lt;em&gt;Alguno buen hombre&lt;/em&gt; (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;when preceding a femenine noun which starts with a stressed &quot;a&quot; (starting with the sound &quot;a&quot;, such as &quot;&lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;águila&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacha&lt;/em&gt;&quot;), &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is often used (though it's also valid using &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;alguna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in this case). But if there is another word between &quot;&lt;em&gt;algún/alguna&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and the noun, then you have to use &quot;&lt;em&gt;alguna&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún&lt;/strong&gt; águila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguna&lt;/strong&gt; águila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguna&lt;/strong&gt; extraordinaria águila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. *&lt;em&gt;Algún extraordinaria águila&lt;/em&gt; (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún&lt;/strong&gt; águila extraordinaria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguna&lt;/strong&gt; águila extraordinaria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alguna&lt;/em&gt; can also go after some nouns with a negative meaning (as if it were &quot;any&quot; in English)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;em&gt;No negociaremos de modo &lt;strong&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (= &lt;em&gt;No negociaremos de ningún modo&lt;/em&gt;)[we won't negotiate in any way]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;alguno/alguna&lt;/em&gt; are used for singular nouns and &lt;em&gt;algunos/algunas&lt;/em&gt; for plural nouns you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;alguno/alguna&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for plural if you use the preposition &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguno &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mis amigos no fue a la fiesta&lt;/em&gt;. (singular + plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguno de mis amigos no fue a la fiesta. / Algunos de mis amigos no fueron a la fiesta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=alguno&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; RAE explains all the possibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T13:08:31.383" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:08:31.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1181" CreationDate="2012-01-06T13:08:53.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Shakira is known for having songs that are impossible to understand. I remember some comedy shows where they joked about how she might need a translator wherever she speaks to translate from &quot;Shakirian&quot; to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="407" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T13:08:53.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-06T17:46:01.893" Score="2" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/328/significance-of-adjective-placement&quot;&gt;Significance of adjective placement&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these phrases below, why is the word &quot;buena&quot; in different places?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there good things? =&gt; ¿Hay cosas buenas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there good beers? =&gt; ¿Hay buena cerveza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T23:18:46.177" Title="Why is &quot;buena&quot; in different places depending on its use?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-01-07T05:24:08.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1239" CreationDate="2012-01-06T19:22:57.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can translate them also like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there good things? =&gt; ¿Hay buenas cosas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there good beers? =&gt; ¿Hay buena cerveza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, &quot;buena&quot; is on the same place. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note; however, that colors (red, white, etc.) &lt;em&gt;usually&lt;/em&gt; go after the noun; for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Casa Blanca , pelo rojo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colors preceding the noun are mostly used in literature (poetry(?)) but it's very uncommon on spoken Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu rojo pelo, tu fea cara, tus blancas manos (if you are a native Spanish speaker and you speak like this, people will likely think that you are a weirdo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that depending on whether the adjective preceeds the noun or not, the meaning could be quite different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese pobre muchacho no ha parado de llorar --&gt; That poor guy hasn't&#xA;  stopped crying. Clearly, pobre (poor) does not refer to the guy's wealth in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese muchacho pobre no ha parado de llorar --&gt; Here, &lt;code&gt;pobre&lt;/code&gt; is refering to&#xA;  the guy's wealth - the guy is poor and hasn't stopped crying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T21:31:07.807" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T21:31:07.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1261" CreationDate="2012-01-06T23:23:41.597" Score="5" ViewCount="2952" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone says &lt;em&gt;con permiso&lt;/em&gt;, for example when squeezing through a crowd, what is the appropriate response? For example, in English we might say something like &quot;sorry&quot; or &quot;go ahead.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T04:14:18.410" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T04:14:18.410" Title="Proper response to &quot;con permiso&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1241" CreationDate="2012-01-06T23:50:22.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pase usted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adelante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pásele. (which sounds more informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T23:50:22.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1243" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-07T05:21:15.273" Score="5" ViewCount="3606" Body="&lt;p&gt;Playing cards A-10 are named expectedingly, &lt;em&gt;As&lt;/em&gt;, followed by &lt;em&gt;dos&lt;/em&gt; through &lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt;.  But the Jack, Queen and King are called (at least in my experience):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jota&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qüina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rey&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand calling a card by the letter on it, but only &lt;em&gt;Jota&lt;/em&gt; does that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand using a loanword, but only &lt;em&gt;Qüina&lt;/em&gt; does that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I can understand translating the word, but only &lt;em&gt;Rey&lt;/em&gt; does that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What gives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T20:32:51.500" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T23:18:19.773" Title="Any rhyme or reason to the names of playing cards?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1250" CreationDate="2012-01-07T06:47:48.080" Score="5" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=di%E9resis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This entry&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; explains the uses of the &lt;em&gt;diéresis&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;crema&lt;/em&gt; (the &lt;code&gt;¨&lt;/code&gt; mark) in Spanish (it is mandatory over a &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; to indicate that this vowel must be pronounced in the combinations &lt;em&gt;gue&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;gui&lt;/em&gt;, as in vergüenza, lingüística), but it gives no hints on its origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know the historical origin of this sign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T08:54:02.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T08:54:02.607" Title="What is the etymology of the &quot;diéresis&quot; or &quot;crema&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1245" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-07T06:56:07.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Palabras o frases usadas en conversaciones coloquiales o informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words or phrases that are common in everyday, unconstrained conversation rather than in formal speech, academic writing, or paralinguistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:52:49.437" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:52:49.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1246" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-07T06:56:07.550" Score="0" Body="Palabras o frases usadas en conversaciones coloquiales o informales. // Words or phrases that are common in everyday, unconstrained conversation rather than in formal speech, academic writing, or paralinguistics." OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T15:19:40.670" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T15:19:40.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1247" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase usually, but not always, consisting of a letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1248" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" Score="0" Body="An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase usually, but not always, consisting of a letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase." OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T06:59:04.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1243" CreationDate="2012-01-07T12:35:23.457" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about Mexico, but in Spain they usually play with two kinds of playing cards, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baraja_francesa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;French deck&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baraja_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish deck&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;French deck&lt;/strong&gt;: there are &lt;em&gt;Corazones&lt;/em&gt; (Hearts), &lt;em&gt;Picas&lt;/em&gt; (Spades), &lt;em&gt;Diamantes/Rombos&lt;/em&gt; (Diamonds) and &lt;em&gt;Tréboles&lt;/em&gt; (Clubs). The cards are named &lt;em&gt;As&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Dos&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Tres&lt;/em&gt; - ... - &lt;em&gt;Diez&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Jota/Sota&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Cu/Reina&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Ka/Rey&lt;/em&gt;. The name of the Jack (Sota) comes from the similarity to the Spanish 10 card, the sota.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish deck&lt;/strong&gt;: there are &lt;em&gt;Bastos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Oros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Copas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Espadas&lt;/em&gt;. The cards are named &lt;em&gt;As&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Dos&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Tres&lt;/em&gt; - ... - &lt;em&gt;Nueve&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Sota&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Caballo&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Rey&lt;/em&gt;. In most traditional games you take out the eight and nine, and play only with 40 cards.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this doesn't answer your question, but these are the names of the cards where I'm from. The names you heard could be very local.  Even here in Spain each family has its own names for the cards, and its own rules for the games. This can cause confusion when playing for the first time with other people because everyone wants to play with his own rules (the rule usually is to play with &lt;em&gt;las reglas de la casa&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-08-19T23:18:19.773" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T23:18:19.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1244" CreationDate="2012-01-08T03:43:33.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaeresis_%28diacritic%29#History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; explains it pretty well. It was invented by the Greeks, to mark a vowel that shouldn't be combined with adjacent ones into a diphthong or new sound. With that sense it's been used ever since, even in English (although this usage is almost extint). The word &lt;em&gt;diaeresis&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;separation&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;crema&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;trema&lt;/em&gt;, which is Ancient Greek for &lt;em&gt;pip&lt;/em&gt; (of dice), another name given to this diacritic by the Greek.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T03:43:33.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1251" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-08T03:44:24.917" Score="2" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best Spanish translation of the English idiom &quot;to play favorites&quot; (as in favoring individuals in a group instead of treating everyone equally)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T17:24:05.693" Title="Translation of &quot;to play favorites&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1254" CreationDate="2012-01-08T03:50:13.190" Score="4" ViewCount="2114" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the typical translations in Spanish for the following terms related to board games?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;board game&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;board&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(playing) pieces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deck of cards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to roll the dice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to move forward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to move backwards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to jump&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;squares/spaces (individual locations on the board)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to capture (an opposing piece)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2014-08-02T15:29:12.130" Title="Board game vocabulary" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-08-03T19:23:10.910" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1256" CreationDate="2012-01-08T03:52:38.337" Score="6" ViewCount="4277" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the typical Spanish translation of the English idiom &quot;to talk behind someone's back&quot; (as in saying something bad about another person to others instead of to them directly)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T09:31:01.470" Title="Translation of &quot;to talk behind someone's back&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1252" CreationDate="2012-01-08T04:00:14.877" Score="7" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;juego de tablero, juego de mesa, juego de sala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tablero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fichas, piezas, trebejos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baraja, mazo de cartas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tirar el dado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mover hacia adelante, avanzar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mover hacia atrás, retroceder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;saltar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;casilleros, casillas, escaques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;capturar, comer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Added Gonzalo's additions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2012-01-08T17:38:22.023" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T17:38:22.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1259" CreationDate="2012-01-08T04:00:29.413" Score="4" ViewCount="4985" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many children's games that are played throughout many parts of the world. Do the following games exist in Spanish-speaking countries, and, if so, what are they called? (I found many of these on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_traditional_children%27s_games&quot;&gt;Wikipedia list of children's games&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arm wrestling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cops and robbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dodge ball&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duck, duck, goose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Four square&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide-and-seek&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hopscotch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jacks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jump rope&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kickball&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leapfrog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Musical chairs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marbles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red light, green light&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red rover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rock, paper, scissors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simon says&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thumb war&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tic-Tac-Toe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T18:36:17.213" Title="Names of children's games" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1253" CreationDate="2012-01-08T04:38:28.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;One typical translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hablar a espaldas (de alguien).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DRAE also suggests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hablar por las espaldas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Decir contra alguien, en su ausencia, lo que no se le diría cara a cara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T04:38:28.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1251" CreationDate="2012-01-08T05:02:54.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;favoritismo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;favoritismos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the definition given in the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=favoritismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;favoritismo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De favorito).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Preferencia dada al favor sobre el mérito o la equidad, especialmente cuando aquella es habitual o predominante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T14:05:43.987" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1253" CreationDate="2012-01-08T09:31:01.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablar a sus espaldas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablar a espaldas de alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there's the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le deben estar pitando los oidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's used when someone talks behind the back of someone else, to indicate the degree of the talking (that what they are saying is really bad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T09:31:01.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1255" CreationDate="2012-01-08T10:31:44.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid a lot of the names for this games are very local, I'm from Mallorca (Spain) and that's how I call them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arm wrestling: Hacer un pulso/pulso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cops and robers: Policias y ladrones (a variant of Tag when a &quot;police&quot; catch you you turn into one so every time there's more people doing the catching)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dodge ball:Mato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duck, duck, goose: I played but I can't rememeber the name in spanish (in catalan we called it &quot;comprau peix&quot;/buy some fish as the first sentence of the song)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Four square: Cuatro esquinas (not very popular around here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide-and-seek: Escondite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hopscotch: Piso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jacks:I think we played a variation called &quot;cinco piedrecitas&quot; but we play with little stones and no ball.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jump rope: Saltar a la comba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kickball: I don't think that's played around here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leapfrog: Piola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Musical chairs: Las sillitas or El juego de las sillas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marbles: Canicas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red light, green light: Patito inglés. The &quot;curator&quot; has to say &quot;un, dos, tres, patito inglés&quot; as fast or slow as they want and during that time the others players can move.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red rover: I remember the game but I can't remember the name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rock, paper, scissors: piedra, papel, tijera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simon says:Simón dice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag: Pilla-pilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thumb war: Pulso de pulgares/Pulso chino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tic-Tac-Toe: Tres en raya.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T10:31:44.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1255" CreationDate="2012-01-08T15:51:12.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Laura said, names for children's games tend to be very localized. Here is how they are called in and around Buenos Aires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arm wrestling&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pulseada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cops and robbers&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poliladron&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dodge ball&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the variant Wikipedia calls &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisonball&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;prisonball&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;strong&gt;quemado&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;delegado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duck, duck, goose&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the variant called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck,_duck,_goose#Rag_Tag_.2F_I_Wrote_a_Letter_to_My_Mother&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rag tag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;strong&gt;huevo podrido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Four square&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;never played it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide-and-seek&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escondida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hopscotch&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rayuela&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jacks&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a slightly different game is called &lt;strong&gt;payana&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;tinenti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jump rope&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saltar la soga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kickball&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;never played it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leapfrog&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rango&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Musical chairs&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;juego de las sillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marbles&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bolitas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red light, green light&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las estatuas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Red rover&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;no idea, never played it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rock, paper, scissors&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;piedra, papel o tijera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simon says&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;can't remember, I'm pretty sure there wasn't any Simon involved&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mancha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thumb war&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pulseada china&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tic-Tac-Toe&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ta-te-tí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T18:36:17.213" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T18:36:17.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1241" CreationDate="2012-01-08T21:56:46.717" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I've used or heard being used the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa / Pase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tranquilo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claro &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin problema&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there's more, but those are very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="381" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T21:56:46.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-08T22:46:11.027" Score="5" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word-endings -ducir, -locar, -vocar, -ludir, -mitir are quite common, each can take a lot of common prefixes to form real words, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conducir, producir, introducir, aducir, inducir, reducir, seducir, deducir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;invocar, evocar, equivocar, provocar, convocar, revocar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;colocar, dislocar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aludir, eludir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;admitir, permitir, submitir, transmitir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an original meaning (maybe in latin) of these word-endings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="419" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T08:50:39.487" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T08:50:39.487" Title="What is the origin of word endings like -ducir, -vocar, -locar, -ludir, -mitir?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;morfología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1264" CreationDate="2012-01-08T22:57:59.003" Score="4" ViewCount="20636" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, ¿cuál de las dos siguientes es la forma correcta para hacer la pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A caso estuviste ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso estuviste ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T09:57:40.083" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T09:57:40.083" Title="¿Cómo se dice, “a caso” o “acaso”?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1263" CreationDate="2012-01-08T23:21:42.460" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The adverb expressing doubt should always be a single word: &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;. Here is the DRAE definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;acaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De caso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Casualidad, suceso imprevisto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. desus. Por casualidad, accidentalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. duda Quizá, tal vez.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. neg. Ec. no (‖ indica la falta de lo significado por el verbo). Acaso he podido dormir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T03:46:25.327" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T03:46:25.327" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1262" CreationDate="2012-01-09T01:57:17.953" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;All those word-roots have Latin origins as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;duco : I lead&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;voco : I call&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loco : I place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ludo : I play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mitto : I send&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since most of those words have English cognates, I point you to the Internet Wayback Machine's &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20071213145958/http://www.bartleby.com/61/s0.html&quot;&gt;link to the American Heritage Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, which used to be free online, and had good etymologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="420" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T01:57:17.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1267" CreationDate="2012-01-09T08:41:57.720" Score="8" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which are the words, parts of words and structures coming from Basque to Spanish language? And possibly in which periods did they become part of spoken Spanish and official Spanish (Castellano)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="35" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T08:44:09.240" Title="Basque words in Spanish vocabulary" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1266" CreationDate="2012-01-09T09:13:43.187" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the top of my head, the most used one would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;izquierda: left&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are others, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;zamarra or chamarra: though RAE says zamarra is a sheepskin jacket or similar, in the Basque Country we use it, in Spanish too, to mean overcoat or any coat, really (usually pronounced &quot;chamarra&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;zulo: in Basque it literally means &quot;hole&quot;, but thanks to ETA, the word entered the Spanish language meaning a hideout to hide weapons or kidnapped people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've found the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://castellanoactual.blogspot.com/2007/04/mis-palabras-vascas-favoritas.html&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; with some more words. Some of them I really had no idea they were of Basque origin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquelarre: witches' sabbath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gabarra: barge  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bacalao: cod   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chabola: hut  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chirimbolo: according to RAE, &quot;Objeto de forma extraña que no se sabe cómo nombrar&quot; (it seems now RAE says it of uncertain origin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chistera: top-hat, and also the jai alai &quot;basket&quot; or xistera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Órdago: in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_%28card_game%29&quot;&gt;mus card game&lt;/a&gt; bidding all the remaining points. From there, it is also used as &quot;ultimatum&quot; (lanzar un órdago). And &quot;&lt;em&gt;de órdago&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;extraordinary&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2012-01-10T07:33:54.953" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T07:33:54.953" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1270" CreationDate="2012-01-09T16:40:11.683" Score="13" ViewCount="11177" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I find something I lost, should I use 'hallar'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I found missing keys and said to my wife:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡&lt;strong&gt;Hallé&lt;/strong&gt; las llaves!&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;¿Las &lt;strong&gt;encontraste&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot; —she replied—.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then a discussion about 'hallar' vs 'encontrar' began.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="421" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T09:26:18.140" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T17:59:30.097" Title="What is the difference between 'hallar' and 'encontrar'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1235" CreationDate="2012-01-09T18:16:51.960" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @vartec said, &lt;code&gt;me gustas&lt;/code&gt; is correct. A great way to think about gustar in English is to imagine a word &lt;em&gt;gust&lt;/em&gt; that means the opposite of disgust. Just like you would say &lt;code&gt;that person disgusts me,&lt;/code&gt; with this imaginary word &lt;em&gt;gust&lt;/em&gt;, you would say &lt;code&gt;that person gusts me,&lt;/code&gt; meaning he or she pleases you, the opposite of disgust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, for the case is question, &lt;code&gt;you gust me,&lt;/code&gt; which would then translate back to &lt;code&gt;me gustas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thelearninglight.com/gustar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thelearninglight.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T23:29:10.253" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T23:29:10.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1268" CreationDate="2012-01-09T22:06:51.617" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;My knowledge of Spanish is old school so I have found that the meaning of some things have changed. &amp;quot;Hallar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Encontrar&amp;quot; are basically synonyms but in the most proper Mexican Spanish. &amp;quot;Hallar&amp;quot; implies knowing where something is, whereas &amp;quot;Encontrar&amp;quot; means you have what you where looking for. Exp:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Hallé mis llaves! Se las llevó María.&amp;quot; (I found my keys, Mary took them.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Encontré mis llaves! Estaban en el sofá.&amp;quot; (I found my keys, they were in the sofa.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Halla&amp;quot; and Hallar&amp;quot; have the same root so you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hallé una nube que parece un pato.&amp;quot; (I found a cloud that looks like a duck.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Encontré&amp;quot; can be used, but properly because the clouds are at a distance, &amp;quot;Hallar&amp;quot; is more fitting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-01T02:39:42.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1255" CreationDate="2012-01-09T22:34:53.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some of the missing ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duck Duck Goose &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;De tin marin de dopin gue&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leapfrog&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Brincaranas&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Musical Chairs&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;El sin silla&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Tu las trais&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thumb war&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Enanos Luchadores&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T04:47:36.490" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T04:47:36.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1251" CreationDate="2012-01-09T22:49:22.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For children we use &quot;Consentido&quot; meaning your favorite one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, use &quot;Preferido&quot; as Laura stated the Mexican slang is &quot;Enchufado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T04:55:10.817" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T04:55:10.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1316" CreationDate="2012-01-10T00:04:49.163" Score="36" ViewCount="21678" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I try to say words like &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;arroyo&lt;/em&gt;, I sound like I'm telling a &lt;a href=&quot;http://homepage.westmont.edu/bstrine/yarrgh/jokes.html&quot;&gt;pirate joke&lt;/a&gt;.  I can identify the sound I'm supposed to make and I've been told how my tongue is &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/pronouncing_spanish_rr.htm&quot;&gt;supposed to move&lt;/a&gt;, but I can't seem to reproduce the sound at all.  It's just embarrassing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be that part of my problem is with &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/pronouncing_r.htm&quot;&gt;the letter &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as it's spoken in Spanish.  People who I communicate with sometimes have difficulty with my pronunciation of words that have single &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt;s such as &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a solution to my problem or will I have to live with this particular speech impediment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastActivityDate="2019-06-15T03:05:30.583" Title="Can I learn to roll my R's?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2012-01-10T00:34:46.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people will tell you that if you can't do a Spanish 'r' then you will never be able to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I do know people that have learned and have gone from not being able to do it at all, to being able to do it quite convincingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I also know someone who speaks with a slight lisp in English and even though she speaks perfect Spanish and has for many years, she still can not do a Spanish 'r' to save her life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO I would say that it is not impossible to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to practice getting it right, you need to listen to it a lot and practice aloud. Even if you can get a similar sound for example a japanese 'r', this IMO sounds a lot better than an English 'r'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T00:34:46.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1268" CreationDate="2012-01-10T02:03:33.843" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentine Spanish, &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt; are exact synonyms, although &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt; is not used often, just formally, as in news or papers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Hallazgo&lt;/em&gt; is used though, meaning &lt;em&gt;finding&lt;/em&gt; (as noun)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, both words have alternative meanings when used in reflexive*:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;no me hallo&lt;/em&gt; meaning I don't fit, or I don't feel comfortable in a certain situation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;me encuentro aquí&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;I am here&lt;/em&gt;, but it's kind of formal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* It's pretty common in Spanish that reflexive verbs have an alternative meaning than the original verb. E.G. &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; = to see, &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = to look (as in &lt;em&gt;you look good&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="169" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T17:59:30.097" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T17:59:30.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2012-01-10T02:18:42.337" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say you have a &lt;em&gt;problem&lt;/em&gt;, if your goal is to communicate in Spanish, you'll be fine.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If what you want is have the best pronunciation possible, then yes, learning to roll your &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;, and even pronouncing the regular &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; may be important.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I guess you should get a native speaker or someone who can already do it and tutor you and try  many times to imitate them until you get it right.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a tongue-twister that helps with rolling the &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Erre con erre guitarra,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  erre con erre barril,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mira qué rápido ruedan&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  las ruedas del ferrocarril.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Erre con erre cigarro,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Erre con erre barril&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  rapido ruedan los carros cargados de azucar al ferrocarril.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; in the initial position of a word is also rolled as an &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also you have to pay attention to where the tongue touches the palate when pronouncing it; in the English &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; you touch the roof of the palate and your molars, and in the Spanish &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; you touch the alveolar ridge with the tip of the tongue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Anyway, I don't think you should worry too much about rolling Rs, as not even all Spanish speakers do. In regions of Argentina and many other countries the Rs are not rolled, but rather pronounced something between &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/code&gt; and kind of a whistling sound, much like &lt;code&gt;zh&lt;/code&gt; from Russian or Chinese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-15T03:00:24.557" LastActivityDate="2019-06-15T03:00:24.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="169" CreationDate="2012-01-10T02:40:15.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't explain this with technically correct terms, but when using a participle verb, as &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; (and not the passive voice, which would be &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; also) you never use &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; and rather use &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The permanent/transitive state rule that you cited is right, but doesn't apply in this case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all this cases, &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; is used and never &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; (when using participle):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;la puerta está hecha de ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;el grupo está compuesto por ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;el queso está fabricado por ...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T02:40:15.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:08:29.257" Score="1" ViewCount="320" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the possible responses to a sentence you don't hear or understand that ends in &lt;em&gt;¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana vas a ..., ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you could say something like &quot;Isn't what true?&quot; or &quot;Doing what?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, should you respond &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿Qué?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿De qué?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿Que qué?&lt;/em&gt; or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T09:01:52.970" Title="Response when you don't understand what's said before ¿..., verdad?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1296" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:13:35.567" Score="10" ViewCount="8562" Body="&lt;p&gt;How formal is the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;? When is it appropriate to use, and when does it seem out of place? How are sentences using &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; normally expressed in informal speech?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T12:51:41.510" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T12:51:41.510" Title="How formal is &quot;cuán&quot;? What are the informal alternatives?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1304" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:16:40.897" Score="8" ViewCount="63708" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;ni modo&lt;/em&gt; is used in many varieties of Spanish to mean many different things. What are its possible meanings? Which meaning is most common (i.e. which meaning would you assume if &lt;em&gt;ni modo&lt;/em&gt; was said alone, without any context)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2020-08-08T14:41:12.653" Title="Translation of &quot;ni modo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1290" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:18:48.333" Score="2" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most idiomatic English translation of the Spanish phrase &lt;em&gt;contra viento y marea&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:29:00.880" Title="Translation of &quot;contra viento y marea&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1295" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:20:35.740" Score="0" ViewCount="663" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most idiomatic English translation of the Spanish phrase &lt;em&gt;a simple vista&lt;/em&gt;? Does it mean &quot;at first glance,&quot; or does another expression fit better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T14:34:48.697" Title="Translation of &quot;a simple vista&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1289" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:24:07.827" Score="2" ViewCount="1100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a simple translation of the English &quot;range&quot; as in the phrase &quot;age range&quot;? If not, how would &quot;age range&quot; best be translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T06:18:30.953" Title="Translation of &quot;range&quot; (as in age range)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1285" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:27:57.180" Score="2" ViewCount="6737" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the word &lt;em&gt;chepa&lt;/em&gt; mean when used to refer to a person in Nicaraguan Spanish? What are some examples of how it is used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="434" LastEditDate="2012-01-14T04:24:03.597" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T04:32:56.887" Title="What does &quot;chepa&quot; mean in Nicaraguan Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1286" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1288" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:29:55.633" Score="4" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a name in Spanish for the inner part of the elbow (on the opposite side of the part we call &quot;elbow&quot;)? If not, how would it best be described?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T05:28:20.170" Title="Is there a name for the inner part of the elbow?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1293" CreationDate="2012-01-10T04:33:23.023" Score="1" ViewCount="1282" Body="&lt;p&gt;What Spanish words can be used to describe a cap, cover, lid, or top (in other words, something placed on top of something, usually to close an opening)? What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;tapa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tapón&lt;/em&gt;? What other words describe this concept?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T11:07:07.190" Title="Spanish words for cap, cover, lid, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1286" CreationDate="2012-01-10T05:28:20.170" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there's a name (although not very commom): &lt;em&gt;sangradura&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sangría&lt;/em&gt;. Here are the (relevant part of the) definitions according to the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=sangradura&quot;&gt;sangradura&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Parte hundida del brazo opuesta al codo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?TIPO_HTML=2&amp;amp;LEMA=sangr%EDa&quot;&gt;sangría&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 . f. Parte de la articulación del brazo opuesta al codo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although those are the &quot;official&quot; names, they are rarely used and it's usual to refer to this part (at least in Colombia) as &lt;em&gt;el pliegue del codo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T05:28:20.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1283" CreationDate="2012-01-10T05:36:02.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there's a simple trasnlation using &lt;em&gt;intervalo&lt;/em&gt;; for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;age range&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;intervalo de edad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;intervalo de edades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;page range&lt;/em&gt; translates to  &lt;em&gt;intervalo de páginas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the second meaning of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=intervalo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intervalo&lt;/a&gt; (according to the DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;intervalo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. intervallum).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 . m. Conjunto de los valores que toma una magnitud entre dos límites dados. Intervalo de temperaturas, de energías, de frecuencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &lt;em&gt;rango&lt;/em&gt; is also used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;age range&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;rango de edad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;rango de edades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;page range&lt;/em&gt; translates to  &lt;em&gt;rango de páginas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the fifth meaning of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=rango&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rango&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rango.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del fr. rang, y este del franco *hrĭng, círculo, corro de gente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 . m. Estad. Amplitud de la variación de un fenómeno entre un límite menor y uno mayor claramente especificados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T06:18:30.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1281" CreationDate="2012-01-10T05:37:56.197" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Against all odds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:29:00.880" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:29:00.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1291" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1292" CreationDate="2012-01-10T06:53:14.443" Score="5" ViewCount="4655" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there are multiple words for &lt;em&gt;size&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, but I'm quite fuzzy on when to use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two most common seem to be &lt;em&gt;tamaño&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt;, although in some contexts (like shoes), &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt; seems correct, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any rules for when I ought to use &lt;em&gt;tamaño&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt;, or are they interchangeable?  And when is &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt; the proper translation?  Are there other words I ought to (or can) use in other contexts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T08:55:02.350" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T08:55:02.350" Title="Words for &quot;size&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1291" CreationDate="2012-01-10T08:01:45.380" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tamaño: general case, for the dimensions of any object, person, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talla: for clothes, shoes, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Número: for shoes' size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can use &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; for clothes or shoes, but it's not common to use &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt; for clothes, although clothes' size is often a number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; also means the height of a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T08:01:45.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1287" CreationDate="2012-01-10T08:19:01.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's see what RAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tapa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Pieza que cierra por la parte superior cajas o recipientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tapón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Pieza con que se tapan las vasijas, introduciéndola en el orificio por donde sale el líquido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;tapa&lt;/em&gt; is a generic cover, whereas a &lt;em&gt;tapón&lt;/em&gt; is usually introduced in, or screwed on the hole it covers. Of course, it is not only used for vessels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;cover&quot; can be translated as &lt;em&gt;cubierta&lt;/em&gt;, but I would say that a &lt;em&gt;cubierta&lt;/em&gt; covers the whole object it protects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T08:19:01.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1287" CreationDate="2012-01-10T08:24:33.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tapa&lt;/em&gt; Is a lid or cover it basically goes on the outside or top of the container. Where &lt;em&gt;Tapon&lt;/em&gt; goes on the inside of the top of container. &quot;Los vinos buenos tinen un tapon de corcho y los baratos tinen una tapa.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="399" LastEditDate="2012-01-10T11:07:07.190" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T11:07:07.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1282" CreationDate="2012-01-10T08:31:14.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look up the word &lt;em&gt;vista&lt;/em&gt; in the RAE dictionary, you'll find that &lt;em&gt;a simple vista&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a primera vista&lt;/em&gt; (literally, &quot;at first glance&quot;) are the same, and they mean the same as &quot;at first glance&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T08:31:14.863" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1279" CreationDate="2012-01-10T08:52:28.740" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; is rarely used in normal, informal speech, though I think it would generally be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To express the same, you can use &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;lo ... que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Cuán rápidamente caminan las malas nuevas! = ¡Qué rápidamente caminan&#xA;  las malas nuevas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedes imaginarte cuán desgraciado soy = No puedes imaginarte lo&#xA;  desgraciado que soy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In questions, in Spain, it is often replaced by &lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuán grande es tu coche? = ¿Cómo de grande es tu coche?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;s&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this usage is probably incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/s&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Though the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=cuan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition by RAE&lt;/a&gt; doesn't say anything about the use of cuan in questions, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=cu%E1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD does&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque no es frecuente, cuán puede aparecer también en enunciados&#xA;  interrogativos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As @Gorpik comments, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=qu%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;extracted from DPD (section 4.g)&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qué tan(to)&lt;/strong&gt;. Locución adverbial equivalente, según los casos, a&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;cuán(to)&lt;/em&gt; o a &lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt;, que puede aparecer en oraciones interrogativas o&#xA;  exclamativas, tanto directas como indirectas. Era normal en el español&#xA;  medieval y clásico, y hoy pervive en amplias zonas de América&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also implies, in my opinion, that &lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt; is also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T11:30:23.520" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T11:30:23.520" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1278" CreationDate="2012-01-10T09:01:52.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would probably repeat what I heard, but with a question tone in the last part, or adding qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana voy ¿a...?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mañana voy ¿a qué? (or dónde, if it was &quot;vas a algún sitio&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T09:01:52.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2012-01-10T09:17:08.630" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm no expert, but I've found the following links (try &quot;ejercicios pronunciacion r&quot; in your search engine) , which might help:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://claraortega.over-blog.es/article-32724713.html&quot;&gt;Some simple exercises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://espaciodecordura.wordpress.com//?s=rotacismo&quot;&gt;Lots of exercises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the dificulty to pronounce the R, is called &quot;rotacismo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T09:17:08.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1285" CreationDate="2012-01-10T09:29:29.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain &lt;em&gt;chepa&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;joroba&lt;/em&gt; (hump) or, according to RAE, &lt;em&gt;jorobado&lt;/em&gt; (humpback).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is believed by some that humps provide good luck, and so they rub lottery tickets on people's humps. I guess that's why in Colombia it means &quot;good luck&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T09:29:29.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1268" CreationDate="2012-01-10T12:39:54.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience, I'd say that &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to find&lt;/em&gt; (as result of searching), while &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt; has a wider meaning, it's more like &lt;em&gt;to find&lt;/em&gt; including finding by chance or &lt;em&gt;to encounter&lt;/em&gt;, as in the meaning &lt;em&gt;to meet&lt;/em&gt; someone. However, random finding could be still described as &lt;em&gt;hallazgo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-01T02:41:22.040" LastActivityDate="2019-05-01T02:41:22.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1303" CreationDate="2012-01-10T14:40:34.393" Score="17" ViewCount="44724" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is a slang expression from Central American people. I don't remember the context but it was something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres un &lt;strong&gt;cerote&lt;/strong&gt;! (from a pretty angry girl)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure it doesn't mean I'm a big zero, or does it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:37:30.520" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T07:33:37.770" Title="What does the slang &quot;cerote&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2012-01-10T15:10:15.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are various approaches which speech therapists would suggest, but what I've observed (as someone who for many years couldn't roll an r) is that it's a lot easier when singing, probably because there's more air flow or more conscious control of air flow than when speaking. Having observed that in myself, I started noticing that native speakers when singing will sometimes roll an r which is supposed to be only flapped. So you could try karaoke or singing along to Spanish-language songs in the privacy of your own home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T15:10:15.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1301" CreationDate="2012-01-10T15:11:56.783" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español de Nicaragua&lt;/em&gt; by Francisco Arellano Oviedo of the Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua defines it as solid excrement, an incapable person, or a person of little social worth:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cerote.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  m. mals.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mierda sólida. &lt;em&gt;Arturo come maduro, cerote duro.&lt;/em&gt; (dicho popular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;|| &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; desp. Persona incapaz. &lt;em&gt;El que llegue por último es cerote de chancho.&lt;/em&gt; (Dicho popular usado por los niños.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;|| &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; desp. Persona de poca valía social. &lt;em&gt;--Enrique, me alegra verte, cómo vas a creer que esos cerotes me hayan descuidado la yegua.&lt;/em&gt; J.E. Argüello, LHA. p. 146&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-06-13T07:45:08.790" LastActivityDate="2019-06-13T07:45:08.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2012-01-10T16:39:46.900" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico &lt;code&gt;ni modo&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;it doesn't matter&quot;, &quot;whatever&quot;, &quot;not important&quot;, &quot;oh well&quot;, &quot;no big deal&quot; and quite a few more things, just depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si quieres manejar, pues maneja, si no, pues ni modo&quot; &gt; &quot;If you want to&#xA;  drive, drive but if not, whatever, no big deal&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Se cayó el huevo! Ni modo, hay más.&quot; &gt; &quot;The egg fell. Oh&#xA;  well/doesn't matter, there are more.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mi cel no funciona aquí, ni modo, ¡el tuyo sí!&quot; &gt; &quot;My cell doesn't&#xA;  work here, no big deal, yours does.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Creo que ella está enamorada de ti.&quot; &quot;Ni modo.&quot; &gt; &quot;I think she's in&#xA;  love with you.&quot; &quot;Whatever.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="365" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-31T15:26:45.827" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T15:26:45.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2012-01-10T17:33:18.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish counpound words (and I guess names too) the first word almost always ends in a vowel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishvocabulary/a/compounds_2.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishvocabulary/a/compounds_2.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides this makes it alot easier to say too! =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="365" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T17:33:18.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1266" CreationDate="2012-01-10T19:15:34.187" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustrato_vasco_en_lenguas_romances%20link&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; includes a list of such words, which I confirmed in the DRAE and expanded with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22del%20vasco%22%20site%3abuscon.rae.es&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&amp;amp;aq=t&amp;amp;rls=org.mozilla%3aen-US%3aofficial&amp;amp;client=firefox-a#q=%22del%20vasco%22%20site%3abuscon.rae.es&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;client=firefox-a&amp;amp;hs=XZ2&amp;amp;rls=org.mozilla%3aen-US%3aofficial&amp;amp;prmd=imvns&amp;amp;ei=OokMT7O1Dqrr0gGcqKn0BQ&amp;amp;start=0&amp;amp;sa=N&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=aaf6f60421662e5e&amp;amp;biw=771&amp;amp;bih=647%20search&quot;&gt;search&lt;/a&gt; on the DRAE itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DRAE attributes a Basque origin to the following words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amachinarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boruca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chaparro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chapela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;charro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chatarra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chueca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cococha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;esguín&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gamarra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gambalúa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ganzúa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guiri&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jorguín&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;laya&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mochil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mochila&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;muga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;narria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sabaya&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zatico/zatillo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zurrón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It attributes a possible Basque origin to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;azcona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;barrunte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;burga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cencerro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mogote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;agur&lt;/em&gt; was borrowed from Basque, which in turn had borrowed it from Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;silueta&lt;/em&gt; comes from a fellow named Étienne de Silhouette, whose surname comes from the Basque &lt;em&gt;zuloeta&lt;/em&gt;, which is related to the &lt;em&gt;zulo&lt;/em&gt; mentioned by Mikmik in a previous response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This list isn't comprehensive, of course. I didn't include words mentioned in previous responses, recent borrowings, or regionalisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="420" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T19:15:34.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1301" CreationDate="2012-01-10T21:13:21.450" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the point of view of Mexican Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eres un cerote&quot; does mean you're a big zero, a nothing or worthless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eres un cerrote&quot; means you are a big turd or crap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T20:50:20.553" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T20:50:20.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1314" CreationDate="2012-01-10T23:15:30.673" Score="8" ViewCount="15134" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &quot;&lt;em&gt;favor de&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de lavarse las manos después de ir al baño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor lávese las manos después de ir al baño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hazme el favor de sacar la basura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor saca la basura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T13:14:06.520" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T13:14:06.520" Title="Difference between &quot;favor de&quot; and &quot;por favor&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1308" CreationDate="2012-01-11T01:46:04.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hazme el favor de sacar la basura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do me a favor and take out the rubbish (please)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor saca la basura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please take out the rubbish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your other two examples, they are pretty much equivalent.&#xA;I would translate them both as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please wash your hands after going to the bathroom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the first example could be thought of more as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After going to the bathroom, do me the favor of washing your hands&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of 'favor de' without the verb hacer afterwards is more common in some areas than others. I never hear it in Argentina yet I think it might be more common in Spain (correct me if i'm wrong)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T13:13:11.767" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T13:13:11.767" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1313" CreationDate="2012-01-11T03:46:13.963" Score="9" ViewCount="4448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do Y instead of X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using 'en vez de' or en 'lugar de'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how should I say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Learn Spanish instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I end a sentence with 'instead' or must I always specify 'instead of X'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for all the input guys!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the most appropriate answer for this context is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mejor aprende español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers also for the information on &quot;en vez de&quot; and &quot;en lugar de&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="312" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T00:36:01.110" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T00:36:01.110" Title="How to say instead (when at the end of a sentence)" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1311" CreationDate="2012-01-11T08:14:01.253" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do Y instead of X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be said as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz Y &lt;strong&gt;en vez de&lt;/strong&gt; X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz Y &lt;strong&gt;en lugar de&lt;/strong&gt; X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to ommit X because it is understood in the context you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz Y &lt;strong&gt;en su lugar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There &amp;quot;su&amp;quot; refers to something mentioned before, which should be X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can't say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz Y &lt;strong&gt;en vez de&lt;/strong&gt; *. (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz Y &lt;strong&gt;en lugar de&lt;/strong&gt; *. (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because we would be waiting for something after the preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T08:14:01.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1311" CreationDate="2012-01-11T11:55:19.310" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;Learn Spanish instead&quot; can also be translated as: &quot;Mejor aprende español&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="271" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T11:55:19.310" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1308" CreationDate="2012-01-11T15:27:15.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are very similar, and in most situations they can be translated by &quot;Please, ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;por favor&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;please&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (as adverb, not verb).  Typically at the start or end of the phrase, often separated by a comma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor,  saca la basura = Please, take out the rubbish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saca la basura, por favor = Take out the rubbish, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Haz/Hazme el favor&lt;/strong&gt; de [...]&quot; is rather equivalent in meaning, though gramatically different: it requires the article 'el', and the preposition 'de' which connects with the requirement (an alternative: &quot;Hazme el/un favor: saca la basura&quot;). It can also be a little more aggresive (as &quot;Do me a favour:&quot;), but not necessarily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Favor de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is more impersonal, to be used in announcements, signs, etc. It's gramatically similar to the previous one, as it implies an ellicited verb &lt;strong&gt;&quot;[Haz/Haced/Hagan] el favor de [...]&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, see above - but the omition suggests that we are not asking anyone in particular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T20:38:30.537" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T20:38:30.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2012-01-11T15:37:20.043" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my explanation of &quot;ni modo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denotes that you can't do anything about it and you have to accept it. This is like &quot;Oh well&quot;. You can add &quot;ya&quot; before &quot;ni modo&quot; but it is optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegué tarde a la estación por eso perdí el autobus. &lt;strong&gt;Ni modo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiera tenido dinero hubiera podido ir con ellos al viaje. &lt;strong&gt;Ya ni modo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denotes that what is after the &quot;ni modo que&quot; cannot be done even if you want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo computadora. &lt;strong&gt;Ni modo que&lt;/strong&gt; vaya a comprar una computadora ahorita a media noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T16:01:12.140" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T16:01:12.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:03:02.947" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I started learning Spanish in high school, I was not able to roll my r's.  I learned over a weekend by practicing almost constantly (perhaps to the annoyance of some of those around me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The movement of the tongue when pronouncing the single &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; is the same as when you pronounce the &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; in &quot;water&quot;.  I practiced by making that sound by itself, then trying to make it continue (rolling).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know someone else who went through third year college Spanish courses without being able to roll the &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;, then slowly learned over the course of a semester spent abroad in Mexico by practicing repeatedly while walking to class.  I know others who got their college Spanish degrees without ever learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1276/187&quot;&gt;Petruza's answer&lt;/a&gt; is right in that it's not a barrier to communication, and that tongue twister is great practice.  But it certainly won't sound quite right; you might get some weird looks from native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="187" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T19:03:02.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1311" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:10:57.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;en cambio&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. It's not the same as &quot;en su lugar/en lugar de&quot;, and the difference is rather tricky &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=26576&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;to explain&lt;/a&gt;, and also the construction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Aprende español, en cambio&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is about ok, but &lt;strong&gt;&quot;En cambio, aprende español&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Aprende, en cambio, español&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T19:10:57.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="980" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:11:18.630" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It varies by region/country.  My experience in Chile was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Polol@&lt;/code&gt; meant boy/girlfriend&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Prometid@&lt;/code&gt; meant fiance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Novi@&lt;/code&gt; could mean fiance or serious boy/girlfriend (roughly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Espos@&lt;/code&gt; meant spouse/wife/husband&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saying that two people were &lt;code&gt;andando&lt;/code&gt; meant that they were interested and getting to know each other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saying that two people were (or that one person was) &lt;code&gt;pololeando&lt;/code&gt; meant they were dating&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saying that someone was &lt;code&gt;prometid@&lt;/code&gt; meant that they were engaged&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi prometid@&lt;/code&gt; was my fiance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Novi@&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;prometid@&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;espos@&lt;/code&gt; are generally pretty safe wherever you go, but understanding the intricacies you might hear in gossip (not suggesting you do that!) might require some time among the locals, or more research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'm using &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt; here to mean &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="187" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T19:11:18.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1321" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:34:37.183" Score="6" ViewCount="26503" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary says &lt;code&gt;brown sugar&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;code&gt;azúcar moreno&lt;/code&gt; is brown sugar. Besides &lt;code&gt;piloncillo&lt;/code&gt; is solid and not a powder. I'm having a hard time explaining to Americans what &lt;code&gt;piloncillo&lt;/code&gt; is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T14:23:06.287" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T02:00:42.637" Title="Is there a translation for 'Piloncillo'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-20T06:12:35.180" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1320" CreationDate="2012-01-11T20:20:01.450" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct spelling is &lt;code&gt;Piloncillo&lt;/code&gt; and in some countries (Colombia, for example) it's also called &lt;code&gt;Panela&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be translated to English as &lt;code&gt;brown sugar loaf&lt;/code&gt; or just &lt;code&gt;brown sugar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panela&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; for more information but here's an excerpt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Panela (Spanish pronunciation: [paˈnela]) is unrefined whole cane&#xA;  sugar, typical of Latin America, which is basically a solid piece of&#xA;  sucrose and fructose obtained from the boiling and evaporation of&#xA;  sugarcane juice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T20:46:26.193" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T20:46:26.193" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1338" CreationDate="2012-01-12T01:09:38.893" Score="3" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question could apply to a number of verbs I guess, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría ser OR sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría hablar OR hablaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría comer OR comería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could be generalised as '&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conditional indicative OR cond. ind. of poder + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any differences between these? Are there common contexts or uses where one is more suitable than the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T07:53:05.727" Title="Difference between 'podría estar' and 'estaría'" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17890" CreationDate="2012-01-12T03:50:35.990" Score="10" ViewCount="10871" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the US, &quot;gringo&quot; is usually understood as a disparaging reference to a foreigner (see the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gringo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster definition&lt;/a&gt;). What exactly does &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; mean in Spanish? Is it neutral, or does it have disparaging connotations? When is it considered offensive? What regional variations are there on the word's use? What's its origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T10:31:29.057" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T11:14:29.810" Title="What are the origin, meaning and connotations of &quot;gringo&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-12T03:59:40.033" Score="2" ViewCount="3364" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English there are several ways to refer to people who speak Spanish or are from a Spanish-speaking country: Hispanic, Latin, Latino, Chicano, Spanish-speaking, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What equivalent terms exist in Spanish? What does each mean, and which most accurately describes people from a Spanish-speaking country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T17:56:31.457" Title="What is the best way to refer to those of Spanish descent or language?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1347" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:17:12.157" Score="12" ViewCount="132378" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;pico de gallo&lt;/em&gt; (the type of salsa) literally translate as &quot;rooster's beak&quot;? If so, where did it get that name, and how does that describe the salsa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T02:17:09.467" Title="Where did &quot;pico de gallo&quot; get its name?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1337" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:26:04.857" Score="2" ViewCount="9241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often use the phrase &quot;have been&quot; (or &quot;has been&quot;) in English in sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has been raining a lot recently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have been thinking about the exam all week.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's been a long time since I've seen you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have been very busy with work lately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish I was told &quot;have/has been&quot; generally translates as &lt;em&gt;he estado&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;ha estado&lt;/em&gt;, etc). Are there other ways &quot;have been&quot; can be translated? When would each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T07:29:17.480" Title="How should &quot;have been&quot; be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1330" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:29:37.753" Score="7" ViewCount="3063" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the name of the country south of the United States spelled &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the official name of the country in English and Spanish? When is each version used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T04:36:02.583" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:36:02.583" Title="Is the country México or Méjico?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1339" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:35:20.927" Score="2" ViewCount="9614" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best Spanish translation of the English idiom, &lt;code&gt;What goes around comes around&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:26:18.637" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T11:38:46.317" Title="Translation of &quot;What goes around comes around&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1329" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1334" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:38:51.950" Score="3" ViewCount="10523" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the word &quot;awkward&quot; can be used to describe a situation that is uncomfortable and embarrassing (but neither word seems to fully describe what &quot;awkward&quot; describes). What is the best translation of this concept in Spanish? If a single word doesn't fully capture the English meaning, what phrase would best describe it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T18:57:50.470" Title="Translation of &quot;awkward&quot; (as in &quot;an awkward situation&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1327" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:39:43.317" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can see from the official Mexican seal, that the official, modern name is spelled with an &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt; and not a &lt;code&gt;J&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Seal_of_the_Government_of_Mexico.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_Government_of_Mexico.svg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Estados Unidos Mexicanos&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_of_the_United_Mexican_States&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, from @Richard's &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/248/12&quot;&gt;answer to another question&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.babab.com/no05/expediente_x.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; about the use of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; versus &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; and the change that took place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=m%C3%A9xico%2Bmexico%2BM%C3%A9xico%2BMexico%2Cm%C3%A9jico%2Bmejico%2BM%C3%A9jico%2BMejico&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28m%C3%A9xico%20%2B%20mexico%20%2B%20M%C3%A9xico%20%2B%20Mexico%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28m%C3%A9jico%20%2B%20mejico%20%2B%20M%C3%A9jico%20%2B%20Mejico%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google ngrams&lt;/a&gt; also shows that, since roughly the mid 1850s, México has been the preferred spelling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/csGHB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T20:07:26.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1348" CreationDate="2012-01-12T04:43:37.153" Score="9" ViewCount="17616" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best Spanish translation of the English word &quot;cheesy&quot; (something inauthentic, trying too hard to be funny, cheap, shabby, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T14:54:43.497" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T20:49:55.057" Title="Translation of &quot;cheesy&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1331" CreationDate="2012-01-12T05:09:13.593" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Terms I've heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cursi&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Eres muy cursi!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T00:00:56.497" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T00:00:56.497" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-12T05:09:53.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure it refers to something like a Caucasian and naive American, or any American Caucasian  in general. My native language is Spanish, and I'm 99% sure that is what people mean when they say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="427" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T05:09:53.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1329" CreationDate="2012-01-12T05:11:37.773" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the best translation for awkward is &lt;strong&gt;incómodo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué incómodo! &gt;.&amp;lt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, 'incómodo' can just mean uncomfortable, but also it is used as awkward as in &lt;em&gt;an awkward situation&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T10:07:07.550" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T10:07:07.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1328" CreationDate="2012-01-12T05:33:00.973" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Idioms like this generally don't translate directly to Spanish (or most languages) so there's really not a perfectly equivalent translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, You can take the idea of the proverb and find a proverb that has a similar meaning in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of my favorites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El mundo da vueltas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Uno recibe lo que se merece&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;A cada puerco le llega su sábado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find heaps of proverbs with same/similar meanings by doing a Google search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T05:33:00.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1329" CreationDate="2012-01-12T06:29:01.357" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;Torpe&quot; has all the flavor and meaning as awkward. And it is used in exactly the same way like &quot;El muchacho es muy torpe&quot; (The boy is awkward) or &quot;Esta en una etapa de torpeza&quot; (His in a awkward stage) as for your sentence &quot;Me siento torpe en esta situacion&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T12:19:56.773" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T12:19:56.773" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1326" CreationDate="2012-01-12T07:29:17.480" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the examples you provide they can all be translated as &lt;em&gt;ha estado&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;he estado&lt;/em&gt;, except the third one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It has been raining a lot recently = Ha estado lloviendo mucho últimamente (or maybe better &quot;ha llovido mucho últimamente&quot;)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I have been thinking about the exam all week = He estado pensando en el examen toda la semana  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I have been very busy with work lately = He estado muy ocupado con el trabajo últimamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your third case is a bit special, because &quot;It's been a long time&quot; is kind of different. It translates as &quot;ha pasado mucho tiempo&quot; or &quot;hace mucho (tiempo)&quot;. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It's been a long time since I've seen you = Hace mucho (tiempo) que no te veo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yes, in general &lt;em&gt;have been&lt;/em&gt; translates as &lt;em&gt;ha estado&lt;/em&gt; (or whatever person it is). I would say this applies to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have been + gerund&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have been + adjective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are some constructs, like &quot;it's been a long time&quot; that have a corresponding special construct in Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I must add that if what &lt;em&gt;has been happening&lt;/em&gt; is still going on, or has just finished, you could say, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I have been waiting for an hour = Llevo una hora esperando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Have you been doing that for a long time? = ¿Llevas mucho tiempo haciendo eso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T07:29:17.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1322" CreationDate="2012-01-12T07:53:05.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are different. &lt;em&gt;Podría ser&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;could be&lt;/em&gt;, whereas &lt;em&gt;sería&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;would be&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si fuera rico, &lt;em&gt;podría comer&lt;/em&gt; ostras a diario = If I were rich, I &lt;em&gt;could eat&lt;/em&gt; oysters every day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si fuera rico, &lt;em&gt;comería&lt;/em&gt; ostras a diario = If I were rich, I &lt;em&gt;would eat&lt;/em&gt; oysters every day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T07:53:05.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1328" CreationDate="2012-01-12T08:48:44.017" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the ones given by user1074377. I'd add these ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que se siembra se recoge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means that good actions will lead to good results and bad actios will lead to misfortune, comparing the results with the sowing and the harvest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quien siembra vientos recoge tempestades&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means that bad actions (metaphorically referred as winds) will bring bad results(metaphorically referred as storms).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain &quot;A cada puerco le llega su sábado&quot; is said as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A cada cerdo le llega su San Martín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because the day of &quot;San Martín&quot; (November 11th) is a traditional day for the slaughter of that animal. So they compare the day of the slaughter to the day when the person has to pay for his sins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As suggested by Gonzalo Medina (thanks):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El que las hace las paga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-04-19T07:08:33.467" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T07:08:33.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1329" CreationDate="2012-01-12T13:25:51.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, I don't think we have such a precise word as 'awkward' (I've missed it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per other answer, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;incómodo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the most commonly used word. But because &quot;incómodo&quot; means in general &quot;uncomfortable&quot;, this sense is often made more explicit:  &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Una situación incómoda&quot;, &quot;Un momento incómodo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words are &quot;(momento) &lt;strong&gt;embarazoso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  (more precise, but less colloquial), or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;violento&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (which also is ambiguous).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="360" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T22:17:07.773" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T22:17:07.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-12T13:35:42.847" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, the word &lt;strong&gt;gringo&lt;/strong&gt; was quite used in the past (not so much today, I'd say), especially in the inland, but with some ambiguity. Generally it pointed to people with &quot;foreign&quot; aspect (not from Spain or native), presumably anglo saxon, specially english, blonde hair and pale-rosy skin, etc. But it was also applied sometimes to some Italian immigrants. Not pejorative at all, in my experience. It was even sometimes applied, affectionately, to local people that had some traces of that appearance, even if they were fully &lt;em&gt;criollos&lt;/em&gt;; similarly as the word &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; was used for slightly dark-skinned members of the family (I myself recall some uncles and cousins...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T20:51:07.780" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T20:51:07.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1324" CreationDate="2012-01-12T13:50:09.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Official term in Spanish would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hispanoamericano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=Hispanoam%E9rica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hispanoamérica&lt;/strong&gt;. Nombre que recibe el conjunto de países americanos de lengua española: «Se convirtió [Viriato] en un símbolo, que habría&#xA;  de repetirse múltiples veces a lo largo de la historia de España e&#xA;  Hispanoamérica» (Fuentes Espejo [Méx. 1992]). Quedan, pues, excluidos&#xA;  de esta denominación los países de América en los que la lengua&#xA;  oficial no es el español. Su gentilicio, &lt;strong&gt;hispanoamericano&lt;/strong&gt;, se&#xA;  refiere estrictamente a lo perteneciente o relativo a la América&#xA;  española y no incluye, por tanto, lo perteneciente o relativo a&#xA;  España: &lt;em&gt;«Un completo catálogo onomástico de autores españoles e&#xA;  hispanoamericanos»&lt;/em&gt; (Abc [Esp.] 9.5.97).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, that Latino refers to Latin America, which includes not only Spanish speaking countries, but also Portuguese and French speaking ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primary meaning of word &lt;em&gt;hispano&lt;/em&gt; on other hand is not &lt;em&gt;hispanic&lt;/em&gt; in American sense of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chicano means Mexican-American (i.e. US national of Mexican origin). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T16:11:27.137" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T16:11:27.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1324" CreationDate="2012-01-12T13:50:17.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The concept is a little vague, and so are words. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hispánico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can be used to point that things of Spanish origin, but it's vague. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Iberoamérica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &lt;strong&gt;Hispanoamérica&lt;/strong&gt; is a  word to refer to the set of Spanish-speaking countries, but it's a little artificial - and it's not clear if it includes Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Países/gentes de habla hispana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; would be the most precise -but convoluted- expression. &lt;em&gt;Latino&lt;/em&gt; is not very apt, is just for use inside USA... it would include Brasil, and makes little sense outside american continent (french and Italians are &quot;latin&quot; people). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T17:56:31.457" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T17:56:31.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-12T15:23:16.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etymology isn't quite clear, but it's generally agreed that it's originates from Mexico or Central America. Meaning varies, and may mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in Central America means principally an US American;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in most of Hispano-America means foreigner of Anglo-Saxon origin;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in some countries it means white Caucasian, especially blond one;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Merriam-Webster definition is incorrect, as word &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; used in Spain. Somewhat analogous term used in Spain would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which means foreign tourist, especially from northern Europe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T15:23:16.623" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-12T15:33:30.800" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Perú we call &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt; to every person (foreigners and locals) with blond hair, white skin, blue eyes, etc. I was told (not sure if this is real fact) that the word itself came from the phrase &lt;code&gt;Green go!&lt;/code&gt; used by Americans in war to order their troops to move forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would say that when we use &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt; we refer, mainly, to Americans (USA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T16:04:43.107" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T16:04:43.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-12T15:42:56.483" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;While looking for the origin of the word &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt;, I found a reference to &lt;code&gt;El Matadero,&lt;/code&gt; a short tale written by Esteban Echevarría around 1838. At the time, the word &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt; was already known: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salió el gringo, como pudo, después a la orilla, más con la apariencia&#xA;  de un demonio tostado por las llamas del infierno que un hombre blanco&#xA;  pelirrubio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the whole &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblioteca.clarin.com/pbda/cuentos/matadero/matadero.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;text here&lt;/a&gt; for those interested in reading it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia in its article &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gringo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mentions that the word had been known since the 18&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All these folk etymologies place the origin of the word gringo in the&#xA;  19th century. This is a problem because the word has been documented&#xA;  from the 18th century, including the 1786 Diccionario castellano con&#xA;  las voces de Ciencias y Artes y sus correspondientes en las 3 lenguas&#xA;  francesa, latina e italiana by Esteban de Terreros y Pando, and South&#xA;  American literature. In Esteban Echeverría's El matadero (1840), and&#xA;  in José Hernández's Martín Fierro (1872, 1879), the word gringo refers&#xA;  to &lt;strong&gt;persons from England&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the meaning, I would concur that in Latin America is used to refer to anyone with white skin, blond hair, green or blue eyes and a &quot;peculiar&quot; pronunciation of the Spanish language, regardless of his nationality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In high school, I was taught that during the Vietnam war, the word &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt; was used by the Vietnamese to tell the american soldiers, whose uniforms where olive green, to go home; hence the word gringo: green-go (go home, presumably). I doubt that this is true but I thought I'd mention it. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just saw &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1345/1674&quot;&gt;César's answer&lt;/a&gt;. Interestingly enough, César was told sort of the opposite of what I was told; that is, that the word Green-go was used by the american troops to encourage their soldiers to move forward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T11:14:29.810" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T11:14:29.810" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1325" CreationDate="2012-01-12T15:56:10.490" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_de_gallo#Etymology&quot;&gt;Wikipedia has two possible explanations&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(...) it is so called because originally it was eaten with the thumb and forefinger, and retrieving and eating the condiment resembled the actions of a pecking rooster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(...) the name could be a simple allusion to the bird feed-like minced texture and appearance of the sauce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that the origin of the name is not very clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T15:56:10.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1331" CreationDate="2012-01-12T17:46:47.903" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand &quot;cheesy&quot;, the translation is &quot;cursi&quot;. And it works in Hispanoamerica too, not only in Spain. &quot;Caseoso&quot; is out of discussion, that's for something related to &quot;cheese&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2013-06-10T17:45:15.197" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T17:45:15.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1279" CreationDate="2012-01-12T19:05:56.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In questions, &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot; is equivalent to &amp;quot;qué tan&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán rápido estamos caminando? = ¿Qué tan rápido estamos caminando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán bueno es ese restaurante? = ¿Qué tan bueno es ese restaurante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán lejos está la biblioteca? = ¿Qué tan lejos está la biblioteca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In exclamations, &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot; is equivalent to &amp;quot;qué&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cuán rápido estamos caminando! = ¡Qué rápido estamos caminando!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cuán bueno es ese restaurante! = ¡Qué bueno es ese restaurante!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cuán lejos está la biblioteca! = ¡Qué lejos está la biblioteca!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Cómo de&amp;quot; is a regionalism. I think outside of Spain it sounds very bad. In general, if you can use &amp;quot;qué&amp;quot;, this will be the preferred form in the informal and formal speech. &amp;quot;Cuán&amp;quot; is more common in writing, especially in literature. I think using &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot; is not formal; it's just not usual. My hypothesis is educated people use &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot; more frequently, but it isn't related to a formality issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T11:10:19.727" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1350" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1497" CreationDate="2012-01-12T19:11:32.053" Score="15" ViewCount="2356" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from vocabulary differences, the Spanish language has an enormous and fascinating diversity in pronunciation and accents. In my country (Argentina) people from the central inland region have a peculiar intonation (&quot;tonada cordoooobesa&quot; : they delay the stressed syllable by prolonging the previous vowel), that is very different from that of Buenos Aires; the north-west region has another &quot;music&quot;, etc.  I'd like to learn to appreciate and distinguish them (and all Spanish-speaking regions) better. Does anyone know if there is some &quot;Spanish dialect map&quot; on the Internet, similar to &lt;a href=&quot;http://aschmann.net/AmEng/#Au_Alaska&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; (American English) that allows one to hear the audio samples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de las diferencias de vocabulario, el idioma español tiene una variedad enorme y fascinante de pronunciaciones y acentos. Sólo en mi país (Argentina), la gente del interior en el centro tiene una entonación particular (&quot;tonada cordoooobesa&quot;: demoran la sílaba acentuada, prolongando la vocal anterior), que es muy diferente del habla porteña (Buenos Aires), como también de la del noroeste - que tiene otra &quot;música&quot;, etc. Me gustaría aprender a gustar y distinguir mejor esas diferencias (en todo el ámbito de lengua española). Sabe alguien si existe algún &quot;atlas auditivo de dialectos españoles&quot; en Internet, similar a &lt;a href=&quot;http://aschmann.net/AmEng/#Au_Alaska&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; (inglés de EEUU) que permita escuchar ejemplos de habla regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2020-04-01T14:14:46.080" LastActivityDate="2020-04-01T14:14:46.080" Title="Audio maps of Spanish dialects?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1279" CreationDate="2012-01-12T22:53:53.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although this isn't really what you were asking about, maybe it's worth mentioning that it would be somewhat out of place to use &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; when you're in Mexico, where it is far more common to say &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt;.  For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan lejos está el Zócalo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan grande es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T22:53:53.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2012-01-13T00:00:20.320" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only found &lt;a href=&quot;http://dialects.its.uiowa.edu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dialectoteca del Español&lt;/a&gt; (on the popup window click on &quot;Factores geográficos&quot;). It has some videos of native speakers from different regions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think it's missing some dialects (for instance, there are no speakers from Argentina there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for the &quot;Audio clips&quot; section on this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.es-xchange.com/2008/03/21/seseo-ceceo-and-yeismo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;em&gt;seseo, ceceo, yeísmo&lt;/em&gt; - there are recording from various Spanish native speakers with a map showing where they are from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-01T12:47:41.257" LastActivityDate="2020-04-01T12:47:41.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1235" CreationDate="2012-01-13T00:23:22.333" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;A remark regarding usage. I'm not very sure what you mean exactly by &lt;code&gt;I like you&lt;/code&gt; in English (from a person to another). But in Spanish, if you say &lt;code&gt;me gustas&lt;/code&gt;, this is in a more-than-friends sense. In a &lt;em&gt;just-as-friends&lt;/em&gt; context, it's better to use &lt;code&gt;me caes bien&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;me agradas&lt;/code&gt;. I think &lt;code&gt;me gustas&lt;/code&gt; is more like &lt;code&gt;I have a little crush on you&lt;/code&gt;. Be careful with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T21:50:31.693" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T21:50:31.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1041" CreationDate="2012-01-13T00:48:37.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to translate that, just find a way to say &quot;I always thinking about you&quot; in gramatically incorrect english :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T00:48:37.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1367" CreationDate="2012-01-13T03:52:25.273" Score="12" ViewCount="12927" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina I often hear the word (or prefix?) 're' meaning 'very/real/really'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La prueba fue &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt; difícil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película era &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt; chota&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt; bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is 're' an abreviation of another word? (Maybe realmente?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is 're' used anywhere else apart from Argentina?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any rules regarding the use of 're'?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:39:17.777" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T03:07:55.563" Title="Argentine slang 're'" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1365" CreationDate="2012-01-13T04:06:42.520" Score="6" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many vulgar terms for excrement, but what are the non-vulgar, polite ones (used in medical settings, or with children, or among adults in polite conversation)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T08:11:50.087" Title="Polite terms for excrement" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1359" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25644" CreationDate="2012-01-13T04:11:31.327" Score="5" ViewCount="28658" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most universal Spanish word to describe a possum? What regional variations exist? Does the translation refer specifically to the same animal as the English word, or does it cover a larger variety of animals?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:26:24.033" Title="Most accurate translation of &quot;possum&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1380" CreationDate="2012-01-13T04:15:16.553" Score="2" ViewCount="6151" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the diminutive form of names can be used to affectionately refer to someone. Are there any rules for how to derive the diminutive form of names (of people, not places), or is it different on a case-by-case basis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T21:58:29.707" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:15:33.210" Title="Is there a rule for forming the diminutive of names?" Tags="&lt;diminutivos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1364" CreationDate="2012-01-13T04:18:13.437" Score="2" ViewCount="627" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the most common ways of saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to blow one's nose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to pick one's nose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stuffy nose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;runny nose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nasal congestion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T09:46:33.863" Title="Vocabulary related to the nose" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1363" CreationDate="2012-01-13T04:20:52.733" Score="9" ViewCount="25029" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard many different translations for bowl (the dish) in different Spanish-speaking countries. What words are normally used to translate &quot;bowl&quot;? Which is most universally understood? What regional variants are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2020-03-11T07:18:11.290" Title="Translation of &quot;bowl&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1362" CreationDate="2012-01-13T08:22:23.817" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the top of my head, I use here in Spain, quite interchangeably:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bol:&lt;/strong&gt; a generic hemispheric vessel (any size).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ponchera:&lt;/strong&gt; a large bowl (e.g. a punch-bowl)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuenco:&lt;/strong&gt; also generic, but smaller ones  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tazón:&lt;/strong&gt; the below kind of bowl (with a &quot;foot&quot;):  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VkVMr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-11T01:01:55.290" LastActivityDate="2020-03-11T01:01:55.290" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1361" CreationDate="2012-01-13T08:36:27.023" Score="8" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to blow one's nose&lt;/strong&gt;: Sonarse la nariz, limpiarse los mocos, sonarse los mocos, sonarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to pick one's nose&lt;/strong&gt;: Meterse el dedo en la nariz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;stuffy nose&lt;/strong&gt;: Nariz congestionada, nariz tapada, nariz taponada, taponamiento de la nariz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to have a runny nose&lt;/strong&gt;: tener moqueo nasal, tener moquera, tener moquillo, nariz que moquea, rinorrea (technical name for rhinorrhea).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nasal congestion&lt;/strong&gt;: Congestión nasal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T09:46:33.863" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T09:46:33.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1358" CreationDate="2012-01-13T08:51:17.723" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of these terms are quite &quot;polite&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excremento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Heces&lt;/strong&gt; (the singular is hez, but it's used in plural for this meaning)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deposición&lt;/strong&gt; (very formal, used by the medical profession)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deyección&lt;/strong&gt; (very formal, so much that some people wouldn't know its meaning; used by the medical profession)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defecación&lt;/strong&gt; (very formal, used in medical environments)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materia fecal&lt;/strong&gt; (very formal, used in clinical tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caca&lt;/strong&gt; (not so polite as the others, but probably the term used with children)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Popó&lt;/strong&gt; (more childish even than caca, term used with children)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T08:11:50.087" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T08:11:50.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2012-01-13T08:51:24.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Larousse Gran Diccionario lists two Spanish words for the two animals refereed to as &quot;possum&quot; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;US (opossum)&lt;/em&gt; zarigüeya &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;; IDIOM &lt;em&gt;Fam&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;to play possum&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(pretend to be asleep)&lt;/em&gt; hacerse el dormido/la dormida; &lt;em&gt;(pretend to know nothing)&lt;/em&gt; hacerse el sueco/la sueca  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Austr (marsupial)&lt;/em&gt; falangero &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T12:22:24.707" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:22:24.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2012-01-13T09:37:57.937" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a prefix. This is what RAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;re-. (Del lat. re-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pref. Significa 'repetición'. Reconstruir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pref. Significa 'movimiento hacia atrás'. Refluir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pref. Denota 'intensificación'. Recargar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pref. Indica 'oposición' o 'resistencia'. Rechazar. Repugnar. Significa 'negación' o 'inversión del significado simple'. Reprobar.&#xA;Con adjetivos o adverbios, puede reforzarse el valor de&#xA;intensificación añadiendo a re- las sílabas -te o -quete. Retebueno.&#xA;Requetebién.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the uses you provide, it's the third meaning, where it's used to intensify the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in Spain &amp;quot;requete-&amp;quot; is more used than &amp;quot;re-&amp;quot;, at least in some cases. In fact, if I hear someone say &lt;em&gt;rebueno&lt;/em&gt; I automatically think they're from America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T18:19:01.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1362" CreationDate="2012-01-13T09:49:26.683" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &quot;at least when I grew up&quot; we called bowls by their function.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Plato de sopa&quot; (soup plate)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Plato de cereal&quot; (cereal plate)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Plato hondo&quot; (deep plate)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T15:43:18.970" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T15:43:18.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2012-01-13T10:34:12.113" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technically, &quot;possum&quot; refers to species of the suborder Phalangeriformes, distributed in Australia. However, &quot;opossums&quot; are also commonly called possums (in America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;Falangero&quot; is correct for &quot;possum&quot;, and it's derived from the latin name of the suborder they belong (Phalangeriformes). Anyway, I guess possums are not quite common animals. For &quot;opossum&quot; the spanish word is &quot;zarigüeya&quot;. &quot;Zarigüeyas&quot; are common and well known animals in America (only american marsupials). So, it depends on what animal are you really referring to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I think &quot;posum&quot; is totally understandable, and if you check in spanish wikipedia for &quot;posum&quot;, you get the correct answer. I just ask to a couple of friends (spanish native speakers too) about the meaning of &quot;Los falangeros viven en Australia&quot; y &quot;Los posums viven en australia&quot;. Falangeros in the first sentence isn't uniquely associated with an animal, but posum is.  I also think in some contexts, &quot;falangero&quot; could be easily interpreted as &quot;thief&quot; rather than an unknown animal, for people ignoring the real meaning of the word. Again, it's not a common animal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T18:19:33.637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T18:19:33.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2012-01-13T11:45:26.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very common in Mexico as well it is considered very improper but it is used very often in social situations to &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt;enforce and &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt;mark a word. The most common is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El examen fue redifícil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to say it was not just hard, but &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; rehard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-03-25T15:19:54.637" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T15:19:54.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2012-01-13T13:50:59.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is 're' an abbreviation of another word? (Maybe realmente?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it's used as &lt;em&gt;recontra&lt;/em&gt;, especially if used as stand alone word. Not sure of the etymology, my first thought would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract_bridge#Auction_or_bidding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bidding in contract bridge&lt;/a&gt; where one of translation of double and redouble is &lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;recontra&lt;/em&gt;. But that just my impression, could be totally wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A derivative of &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; sometimes used to indicate something even more intense, than &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is 're' used anywhere else apart from Argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's very typical in Mexico,it is used in other Latin-American countries (eg. in Peru). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T17:53:48.637" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T17:53:48.637" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2012-01-13T15:35:34.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there any rules regarding the use of 're'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, as said in other answer, it's a prefix, not a word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be used only colloquially, in casual speak. It's emphatic and slightly childish.  In general, you'll prefer 'muy'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T15:35:34.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1360" CreationDate="2012-01-13T22:02:54.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are only rules of diminutives such as &lt;code&gt;-cito&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-ito&lt;/code&gt;. But for personal names, there are no rules. Since such nicknames were created by children as stammer words Apensen know. An example is the name of &lt;code&gt;Rodolfo&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Fito&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Felipe&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Pipe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="434" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T00:15:33.210" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T00:15:33.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1383" CreationDate="2012-01-13T22:11:15.200" Score="2" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the possibilities for translating &quot;CD&quot; (Compact Disc) and &quot;DVD&quot; (Digital Video/Versatile Disc) into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-14T05:07:48.303" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T18:01:46.830" Title="Translation of &quot;CD&quot; and &quot;DVD&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1375" CreationDate="2012-01-13T22:19:17.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No translation, only to CD is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disco Compacto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and DVD is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disco Compacto de Video&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="434" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-14T05:09:31.390" LastActivityDate="2012-01-14T05:09:31.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1375" CreationDate="2012-01-13T22:20:05.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are well known (in most countries) as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disco compacto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in Perú, we don't use &lt;code&gt;Disco compacto&lt;/code&gt; at all. We use their abbreviated names: &lt;code&gt;CD&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DVD&lt;/code&gt; (with English pronunciation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-14T05:08:16.540" LastActivityDate="2012-01-14T05:08:16.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2012-01-13T22:42:57.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a trick question. Since the word &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; truly born of the war between USA and Mexico. Why Mexicans began to tell them &quot;Green Go Home&quot;, so he quickly began to distort the word and spread throughout the Latin America. Until &lt;em&gt;Gringo&lt;/em&gt;, also changed its meaning a bit today is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gringo, ga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Extranjero, especialmente de habla inglesa, y en general hablante de una lengua que no sea la española. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de una lengua: extranjera. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Am. Mer., Cuba, El Salv., Hond. y Nic. estadounidense. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Ur. inglés (‖ natural de Inglaterra). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Ur. ruso (‖ natural de Rusia). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Bol., Hond., Nic. y Perú. Persona rubia y de tez blanca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Lenguaje ininteligible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is classified as an insult, that this is somewhat pejorative and discriminatory. Until now no more variations to registration of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="434" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T22:42:57.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1285" CreationDate="2012-01-13T23:19:53.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chepa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Corcova, joroba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Col. Suerte favorable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. jorobado. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the actual definition for &quot;chepa&quot;, but the most used in America is Hispanic &lt;em&gt;good luck&lt;/em&gt; the second&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="434" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T23:19:53.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1360" CreationDate="2012-01-14T01:43:13.067" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the name ends in a vowel but no &quot;I&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;eliminate the vowel and add &quot;ito/illo/ín/iño&quot; (male) or &quot;ita/illa/ina/iña&quot; (female).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eduardo - Eduardito/Eduardillo/Eduardín/Eduardiño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manolo - Manolito/Manolillo/Manolín/Manoliño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mirta - Mirtita/Mirtilla/Mirtina/Mirtiña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marco - Marquito/Marquillo/Marquín/Marquiño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carlo - Carlito/Carlillo/Carlín/Carliño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carla - Carlita/Carlilla/Carlina/Carliña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exception:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;a woman name ended in &quot;O&quot;. Add &quot;ito&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rocío - Rociito. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the name ends in a consonant or &quot;I&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;add &quot;cito/&quot;cillo/ciño&quot; or &quot;cita/cilla/ciña&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Javier - Javiercito/Javiercillo/Javiercín/Javierciño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Germán - Germancito/Germancillo/Germancín/Germanciño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lilian - Liliancita/Liliancilla/Lilianciña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marlon - Marloncito/Marloncillo/Marloncín/Marlonciño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pati - Paticita/Paticilla/Paticiña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pili - Pilicita/Pilicilla/Piliciña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: I'm not sure, but if the name ends in &quot;I&quot;, don't use &quot;cina&quot;, it sounds very bad and I've never heard it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Two exceptions:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;names ended in &quot;L&quot;. Add &quot;ito/illo/ín/iño&quot; or &quot;ita/illa/ina/iña&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isabel - Isabelita/Isabelilla/Isabelina/Isabeliña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mabel - Mabelita/Mabelilla/Mabelina/Mabeliña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raquel - Raquelita/Raquelilla/Raquelina/Raqueliña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rafael - Rafaelito/Rafaelillo/Rafaelín/Rafaeliño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;names ended in &quot;s&quot; (irregulars?).&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carlos - Carlitos (also Carlín, Carliño, Carlillos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marcos - Marquitos (also Marquín, Marquiño, Marquillos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Andrés - Andrecito (also Andrecín, Andreciño, Andrecillo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T00:23:47.417" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T00:23:47.417" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="352" CreationDate="2012-01-14T01:58:58.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Panecillo (a small bread baked in that form, not a slice) is itself a word. You could say  &quot;panecillito&quot; for a small &quot;panecillo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for &quot;pan&quot; (any kind of &quot;bread&quot;) I would say &quot;pancito&quot; or &quot;panecito&quot;. &quot;Pansito&quot; and &quot;panesito&quot; are wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2012-01-14T01:58:58.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2012-01-14T12:43:03.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the difference between &quot;cuadro&quot; (any kind of data) and table (only numbers), and when I was in elementary school, I used more &quot;cuadro&quot; (for school work, for example). During the university and now at work, we used more &quot;tabla&quot; even in the data is not only numeric. Why? My hypothesis is this is a case of cultural influence, since you read &quot;table&quot; in scientific stuff (written in english) and it feels more natural. Now, I only use &quot;cuadro&quot; to refer a painting. In the spanish translation of LaTeX (a word processor system mainly for scientific text, but not only) the default translation is &quot;cuadro&quot; (it's written automatically and you can't easily change the names by default), but the author include the possibility to change it to &quot;tabla&quot; because it's very common, despite he considers is not the correct translation of &quot;table&quot;. Also, for me &quot;matriz&quot; only applied when all columns contain the same kind of numeric data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2012-01-14T12:43:03.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1375" CreationDate="2012-01-14T19:20:38.067" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use CD and DVD safely. In some countries they are pronunced as in spanish (cedé, devedé) and in others like in english (cidí, dividí). The translations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CD (Compact disc)&lt;/strong&gt;: Disco compacto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VCD (Video CD)&lt;/strong&gt;: Disco compacto de video&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DVD (Digital video/versatile disc)&lt;/strong&gt;: Disco Versátil Digital, Disco de Video Digital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CD-RW&lt;/strong&gt;: CD regrabable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DVD±RW&lt;/strong&gt;: DVD regrabable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T18:01:46.830" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T18:01:46.830" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-15T02:08:00.143" Score="8" ViewCount="2625" Body="&lt;p&gt;Latinoamérica, Hispanoamérica, Sudamérica or other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For someone living in Venezuela or Chile, for example, what term would I be most likely to hear to describe countries south of the US?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The terms have different meanings, but I often use them synonymously. Is there a term that people in the Spanish-speaking world tend to use more, or are they just more precise with the terms than I am?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="435" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-15T14:20:55.430" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:47:37.060" Title="Latinoamérica, Hispanoamérica, or Sudamérica?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1385" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1389" CreationDate="2012-01-15T09:24:09.233" Score="23" ViewCount="7369" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, those two are the only exceptions. Is there a particular reason for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T09:45:29.250" LastActivityDate="2020-08-04T23:52:21.903" Title="Why is it 'Santo' Tomás/Domingo, not 'san'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;religión&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1384" CreationDate="2012-01-15T10:41:36.093" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are not synonymous, actually the diference is quite simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sudamérica:&lt;/strong&gt; Geographically, a subcontinent of &quot;América&quot;, limited to the north by the Caribean sea. It does not include the Caribean, Central America (&quot;Centroamérica&quot;) or North America (&quot;Norteamérica&quot;). Argentina, Brazil and Suriname are in &quot;Sudamérica&quot;, but not Costa Rica, México or Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latinoamérica:&lt;/strong&gt; All american countries where a romance language (Spanish, Portuguese, French) is spoken as main language. Includes countries of South, North, Central America and the Caribean. Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, México and Cuba are in &quot;Latinoamérica&quot;, but not Suriname. Particularly, Canada as country is not included despite French is spoken in some provinces.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hispanoamérica:&lt;/strong&gt; All american countries where Spanish is spoken as main language. Includes countries of South, North, Central America and the Caribean. Argentina, Costa Rica, México and Cuba are in &quot;Hispanoamérica&quot; but not Brazil or Suriname.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to remark that there is no term to refer &quot;all countries to the south of US&quot;, and the terms described before can't be used for that purpose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Latinoamérica&quot;, &quot;Hispanoamérica&quot; and &quot;Iberoamérica&quot; have cultural and linguistical implications, so are more complex to use. I would suggest to use &quot;South America&quot;, &quot;Central America&quot; and &quot;México&quot; (only latin american country in North America) acording to the case, but I guess other people could think different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T13:43:04.913" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:43:04.913" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2012-01-15T11:53:49.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not opposite meanings, but opposite &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-V_distinction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-V&lt;/a&gt; attitudes: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Vos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, second person pronoun, is very informal in those regions with 'voseo' (eg. Argentina), and very formal in other regions (Spain). This latter form, though, is seldom used (it's rather archaic), and hence there is little chance of confusion. One case I recall: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Jesús, en Vos confío&quot;&lt;/em&gt; a traditional Spanish christian jaculatory (very short prayer; &lt;em&gt;&quot;Jesus, I put my trust in you&quot;&lt;/em&gt;) is said verbatim in Argentina, and most people here believe wrongly that the informal &quot;voseo&quot; is used...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: This other confusion is not from regional context, rather from the technical, but I  experienced it just now, listening to the radio about the &quot;Costa Concordia&quot; shipwreck:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?TIPO_HTML=2&amp;amp;TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=rumbo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rumbo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; : its common meaning is &quot;course&quot; (direction, of a vehicle, a ship...), but in naval/marine context it has a specific technical meaning: a dangerous hole in the hull of the ship. So, if you are aboard and happen to hear &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Tenemos un gran rumbo!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;... perhaps you'll think that it's good news, when actually it's very bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T01:53:11.520" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T01:53:11.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1385" CreationDate="2012-01-15T13:42:27.273" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=santo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; says that &quot;Santo&quot; must be used with Domingo, Tomás, Tomé and Toribio. (Thanks Gonzalo Medina for pointing this out)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason to prefer to use &quot;Santo&quot; is to avoid confusion in oral speech. Quoting &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=608041&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a WordReference thread&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Technically, any male saint, or &quot;santo&quot;, could be called &quot;Santo&quot;, and it would not be strictly wrong (although it would be very uncommon) to say &quot;Santo Pedro&quot; or &quot;Santo Juan&quot;. &#xA;  However, the custom for male saints is to abbreviate the title &quot;Santo&quot; to &quot;San&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The exception to this rule is when the first syllable of the name is &quot;To&quot; or &quot;Do&quot;. Under those circumstances, if one said &quot;San Tomás&quot;, it would be unclear whether the man's name was Tomás or just &quot;Mas&quot; -- because you could be saying &quot;Santo Mas&quot;. In the same way, if you said &quot;San Domingo&quot;, it would sound very much like &quot;Santo Mingo&quot;, and again confusion would result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T06:41:03.947" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T06:41:03.947" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1390" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1403" CreationDate="2012-01-15T21:46:35.750" Score="6" ViewCount="2456" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of &quot;Y yo voy y me lo creo&quot;? I encountered it in a Spanish novel. With 146,000 Google.es hits, it seems to be a set expression. Context helps, but doesn't remove all doubts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="420" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:20:21.907" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;Y yo voy y me lo creo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1390" CreationDate="2012-01-15T22:07:05.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It literally means &quot;And I go and believe that.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a sarcasm, as insulting oneself for being too credulous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T22:07:05.433" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-15T22:19:44.697" Score="8" ViewCount="22322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I mean &lt;em&gt;cougar&lt;/em&gt; as in a middle-aged woman seeking a romantic relationship with a younger man. I know the term &lt;em&gt;asaltacunas&lt;/em&gt;, but this applies to both men and women, so I would like to know if there is a term referring only to women.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:42:16.843" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T05:55:46.163" Title="Is there a translation for &quot;cougar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1392" CreationDate="2012-01-16T02:33:00.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Robacunas&lt;/em&gt; podría ser, pero también haría referencia a otros rangos de edades, por ejemplo un joven de 22 años saliendo con una chica de 16 podría ser calificado de robacunas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término que mas se le acerca creo que sería &lt;em&gt;Comehombres&lt;/em&gt;, ya que por tratarse de alguien que &lt;em&gt;come&lt;/em&gt; hombres, da la idea de que se trata principalmente de una mujer, y el término hombre también hace un poco referencia a un determinado rango de edades, ya que los muy jovenes quedarían excluídos. Las &lt;em&gt;cougars&lt;/em&gt; si bien no creo que le hagan asco a nada, tienen un target aproximado que arranca en los veintitantos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &lt;em&gt;comehombres&lt;/em&gt; también comparte junto con &lt;em&gt;cougar&lt;/em&gt;, el sentido de que están al acecho siempre en busca de nuevas &quot;presas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T02:33:00.427" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1397" CreationDate="2012-01-16T02:54:02.833" Score="3" ViewCount="919" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I first went to Argentina a long time ago I spent 5 minutes trying to ask the person at the bar in a club for a glass of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Siete up&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; until they eventually understood that I wanted a glass of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Seven up&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and I felt pretty stupid...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do all Spanish speaking countries call 7up, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Seven up&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing that the adverts on TV for '7up' call it by the English name so everyone else does too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T07:31:00.743" Title="7up in Spanish speaking countries" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1400" CreationDate="2012-01-16T03:04:11.090" Score="10" ViewCount="4244" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is for anyone who has learned programming in a Spanish speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing as though the key words for programming languages like Java, C, Python etc are all in English I have a couple of questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of&#xA;English as a prerequisite?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods&#xA;etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks = )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T06:25:23.740" Title="Learning programming in a Spanish speaking country" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-02-13T15:13:10.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1874" CreationDate="2012-01-16T03:14:59.270" Score="1" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish speaking country where you live or have been, up to what age/year level is it compulsory to study the Spanish language at school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I live (English speaking country) it is compulsory to study English in High School until 6th form (year 12, when you are ~16-17 years old). So I wanted to know if it was the same or similar in a Spanish speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please don't forget to mention what country you are from, thanks =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason behind asking this question is because in my experiences in Argentina, the vast majority of students I talked with had a very good knowledge of the Spanish language. In contrast, if you found a student in their ultimate or penultimate year of high school where I live, and asked them what a noun/verb/adjective etc was, they would struggle to answer you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the comments, it seems like the average age that it is compulsory to study is about the same as in an English speaking country&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="312" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T22:55:08.300" LastActivityDate="2012-02-26T14:51:57.993" Title="Studying Spanish at school in a Spanish speaking country" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1394" CreationDate="2012-01-16T03:19:16.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina, as you already know, it's called &lt;em&gt;Seven up&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sprite&lt;/em&gt; is also pronounced the very same way as in English. The same bartender will also have some trouble trying to serve you a Sprite if you told him that you wanted a &lt;em&gt;Sprite&lt;/em&gt; as it would sound in natural Spanish. If Sprite wasn't a well known brand but a common word, it would have surely already been naturalized as &lt;em&gt;Sprait&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fútbol&lt;/em&gt; for example, is a naturalized word, that has its root in the English word football, but was transformed in such a way that when pronounced it keeps the original sound of its English root.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cederrón&lt;/em&gt; is another example of a naturalization of another English term, or in this case acronym, CD-ROM, that sounds almost the same as the original term in its original language. The only difference would be the ending &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, that I guess was transformed from an &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; to avoid the word ending in &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; which is an unnatural ending in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T07:31:00.743" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T07:31:00.743" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2012-01-16T07:07:19.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned programming in French. Since French is of the same root it is fair to assume it is the same in Spanish. I followed programming courses in highschool in my native country as well (Colombia, where spanish is spoken) and it was the same as in France.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of English as a prerequisite?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes they usually do. If you don't have english proficiency or at least some basic knowledge you won't have access to most internet based resources for that programming language. Most importantly the documentation that is not always translated into spanish. Of course there are some exceptions in which they use a spanish tutorial book and that's all they need, but those, as said, are exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case sometimes they did, even if we already knew english. They would only teach the meaning if it is really relevant to the method or procedure it is referring to. For instance the method String.isNullOrEmpty(). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case I wasn't taught anything about it. That I had freedom to choose Spanish or english (or French) as long as I stick with it throughout the program. It is not confusing since the program would be for Spanish-speaking programmers. Specially if the keywords are highlighted in different colors as the methods and variables (in most languages and editors anyway). Blue for public, private, static, void, string, int, etc... and black for names made by you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends, if what you are looking for is easy to find then spanish, or more complicated in english. There are more chances of finding it in english than in spanish. In the case of JavaDoc, for making a custom documentation it depends on the public that will read it. Spanish for spanish speakers and english for all others. As for the standard documentation I'm not sure if there is such a documentation in spanish for java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a last note, all these are personal thoughts based on personal experiences. I am not talking for all cases and don't pretend to either. &#xA;Keep in mind that this greatly depends on the teaching style of the institution and the skills of the students, sometimes the students will have only a rudimentary knowledge of english and english classes are given separately to fix this, but while that is done everything related to programming is done in their native language(as it happens in France)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T07:07:19.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2012-01-16T08:13:50.113" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned to program in Spanish, in Peru.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of English as a prerequisite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, they don't expect you to know English. I'm very sure on this point. Sometimes even teachers don't know English. On the other hand, most people can read documentation in English, sometimes with the help of Google Translator (which is very good for technical stuff). The best programmer at my work doesn't know English and he has more than 16 years of experience. Sure, he knows the meaning of a lot of words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned by reading magazines about programming written in Spanish (this kind of magazine was very popular in the 90s). They don't mention the translation but explain the use and give examples (&quot;IF sirve para expresar sentencias condicionales&quot;). I give lectures on &quot;Scientific programming&quot; (MATLAB and R) and I do mention the meaning of English words, but just the first time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For work, I use names in Spanish and comments in English. I think is a bit confusing if you share the code with non-Spanish speakers, I'm trying to improve that for lots of reasons, particularly because I don't like to avoid &quot;tildes&quot;. Also, I'm using Java for my PhD and my advisor does the opposite: variables/methods/classes in English, comments in French (she's French). For lectures, I use variables and function/methods names and comments in Spanish cause knowledge of English is not a requisite to learn programming (and for most people programming it's hard enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned java a couple of years ago using books in Spanish. There are very good documentation in Spanish to learn for most programming languages. But when looking for help in internet, It's almost sure it will be in English. Now I prefer to use documentation in English, but mostly because I really want to improve my English. As a final remark, all students who do internships at my lab are encouraged to learn English and we provide them documentation in English, despite there are good translations in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-13T06:25:23.740" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T06:25:23.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2012-01-16T08:15:00.863" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keywords aren't changed and their meaning is explained. But almost everything else is in Spanish, because concepts are taught in Spanish and have their own Spanish terminology, and exercises reflect that. I mean, if the lesson was about trees or stacks, it would be taught in terms of &quot;árboles&quot; and &quot;pilas&quot;, and the programs would have their classes &quot;Arbol&quot;, &quot;Nodo&quot; and &quot;Pila&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the comments would also be in Spanish, because nobody is testing your English (neither you the teacher's!) but whether you understand what the code does and can explain it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a professional setting, I think, English is more prevalent. Especially now, when international teams are more common. When I last worked in a Spanish-speaking firm, some 10 years ago, we did almost everything is Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T08:37:21.310" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T08:37:21.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1390" CreationDate="2012-01-16T08:37:28.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think is an idiom, a good translation could be: &quot;I can't believe I was silly enough to believe that&quot; or &quot;I'm such an idiot to believe in that&quot;. You use it when you discover you were fooled and you're offended by that, mostly with the people who fooled you and with you for being so credulous. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T12:09:48.760" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T12:09:48.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2012-01-16T10:32:50.713" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;How it looks in Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of English as a prerequisite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not in Spain. Obviously it's a plus if someone can, but most people don't understand English and it's not a requirement. All of terminology is translated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They teach what they mean in programming, usually not what the word would mean in casual English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods etc or Spanish ones &#xA;  Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This depends of the level on which you're studding. If it's B.Sc. or just a programming course, then they will teach you to have everything in Spanish. If you're studding Ph.D. and in some M.Sc., they will teach you to have everything in English, as you're expected to present some of your work on international conferences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T10:32:50.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1390" CreationDate="2012-01-16T13:33:28.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree it is a sarcasm, something people say when they are told something unbelieveable, stating they are believing it although they actually don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is of very common use here in Spain, mostly from people belonging to a low social/economic condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a nuance, it has to do with self consideration. Saying that you are stating &lt;code&gt;I am not that silly to believe it&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="439" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:20:21.907" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:20:21.907" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-16T14:25:16.997" Score="2" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a spanish learner and I figured out that I &lt;strong&gt;really&lt;/strong&gt; need to learn the verbs. Is there a good (preferably online) resource with let's say the 100 most common verbs and conjugation to get me started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="53" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T15:33:58.283" Title="Most common verbs" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2012-01-16T15:33:58.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the most important verbs in Spanish may be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick search in google gives this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lingolex.com/comveren.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;link 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; which states to give the list of the 100 most used verbs in Spanish. The verbs included are very common, but it's difficult to say if they are the most common or not. Anyway I'd point out that important verbs like these ones are missing in that list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haber&lt;/strong&gt; (for compound tenses)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt; (to be)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt; (to be)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These 3 verbs though are not included in the previous link are basic for Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This other links: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguasorb.com/learnspanish/most-common-verbs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;link 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sipuebla.com/verbos/100verbs.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;link 3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; are in my opinion betterbecause they include those verbs too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to see the conjugation of any of those verbs you can go to the website of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (the official institution for the Spanish language). You can go to that link and put the verb in the box which is called &quot;Diccionario de la lengua española&quot;. After pressing &quot;enter&quot; you'll be given the definition of the verb and before the verb there is a button called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Conjugar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. If you press it you'll see the conjugation of that verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE also has some lists of most frequent words &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/lfrecuencias.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but they are not only verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T15:33:58.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1409" CreationDate="2012-01-16T16:31:53.107" Score="7" ViewCount="20870" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does &quot;¿Cómo te llamas?&quot; mean &quot;¿Cuál es tu nombre?&quot;.  After all, it literally means &quot;How do you call yourself?&quot;.  Yet, most of the time, you don't call yourself anything; rather, other people call you, usually, by your name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, then, why is &quot;¿Cómo te llamas?&quot; more commonly used than &quot;¿Cuál es tu nombre?&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T04:48:15.027" LastActivityDate="2019-08-28T02:22:23.520" Title="Why does &quot;¿Cómo te llamas?&quot; mean &quot;¿Cuál es tu nombre?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1462" CreationDate="2012-01-16T17:10:29.753" Score="9" ViewCount="6494" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the real difference between &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ver&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mirar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. They are quite close in meaning but what are the differences between them? What are the rules to know whether we should choose one or the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:53:05.680" Title="Choosing between &quot;Mirar&quot; and &quot;Ver&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1407" CreationDate="2012-01-16T18:10:38.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is related to your degree of concentration on the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ver&quot; only implies your eyes are receiving light from the near objects, not a real attention to what you are seeing. If you start to look at something, that's &quot;mirar&quot;. Anyway, the converse is not necessarily true, you could use &quot;ver&quot; if you are paying attention to something, but maybe not-too-much atention. However, in all cases it follows this order relationship for the degree of attention: &lt;strong&gt;Ver &amp;lt; Mirar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=ver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Percibir por los ojos los objetos mediante la acción de la luz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Percibir algo con cualquier sentido o con la inteligencia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=mirar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mirar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dirigir la vista a un objeto. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Observar las acciones de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference degree of attention is also clear in the definitions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, If you want to request another person's attention to some object, you would say &quot;mira eso&quot; no &quot;ve eso&quot;. Actually, &quot;ve eso&quot; more usually is figurative to &quot;take charge of that&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="360" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T19:41:16.410" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T19:41:16.410" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1406" CreationDate="2012-01-16T18:26:12.850" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo te llamas?&lt;/em&gt; translates more literally to &lt;em&gt;How are you called (in general, maybe by others)?&lt;/em&gt; than to &lt;em&gt;How do you call yourself?&lt;/em&gt;, since it's a reference to a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal&lt;/strong&gt; verb (a verb that needs to be conjugated with a pronoun, and in this specific case it was formerly called &lt;strong&gt;pseudo-reflexive&lt;/strong&gt;), in contrast to the &lt;em&gt;call&lt;/em&gt; in your example, which is simply &lt;strong&gt;transitive&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice it just means &lt;em&gt;What's your name?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/spanish/llamarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llamarse reflexive verb :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  to be called, to be named&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;¿cómo te llamas? : what's your name?&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a very similar verb, &lt;em&gt;apellidarse&lt;/em&gt;, which has the same construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/spanish/apellidarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apellidarse reflexive verb :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  to have for a last name&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;¿Cómo se apellida Ud.? : What is your last name?&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This case is more obvious, since there is no confusion between the two different flavors (transitive and pseudo-reflexive/pronominal) of the same verb. Although the transitive version of &lt;em&gt;apellidar&lt;/em&gt; exists, it's not as common as the transitive version of &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; (a alguien, transitive) vs &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt; (preudo-reflexive/pronominal).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;apellidar&lt;/em&gt; (a alguien, transitive) vs &lt;em&gt;apellidarse&lt;/em&gt; (pseudo-reflexive/pronominal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, regarding the last part of your question, &lt;em&gt;Cómo te llamas?&lt;/em&gt; is more likely to be used in everyday speech.  &lt;em&gt;Cuál es tu nombre?&lt;/em&gt; is a little bit more formal, maybe also a little bit less used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-28T02:22:23.520" LastActivityDate="2019-08-28T02:22:23.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1406" CreationDate="2012-01-16T18:37:08.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=llamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;llamar&lt;/a&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/a&gt; when it has the meaning of &quot;having a name or a last name&quot;; here's the relevant part of the definition according to RAE:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llamar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. clamāre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Tener tal o cual nombre o apellido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; (when used with the above meaning) is an example of a strictly pronominal verb always requiring the non-tonic pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify: In the expression &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo te llamas?&lt;/em&gt; the term &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; must &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; be taken as a reflexive pronoun at all (it is, in fact, a morphem), so it is not true that ¿Cómo te llamas? would be translated as &lt;em&gt;How do you call yourself?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T19:20:37.867" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T19:20:37.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1413" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:29:01.383" Score="9" ViewCount="28779" Body="&lt;p&gt;When should &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mientras que&lt;/em&gt; be followed by the subjunctive and when by the indicative? In both cases, how is &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; usually translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T23:28:39.197" Title="When should the subjunctive be used after &quot;mientras&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1414" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:32:47.133" Score="5" ViewCount="4900" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the phrases &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;? When should each be used? Are there contexts where one is correct and one is incorrect, or are they completely synonymous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T17:50:00.387" Title="&quot;antes que&quot; vs. &quot;antes de que&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1411" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:42:59.737" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subtle...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras llueve, escucho música.       (&lt;em&gt;llueve&lt;/em&gt;: indicative)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;While it rains, I listen to music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras llueva, me quedaré en casa.   (&lt;em&gt;llueva&lt;/em&gt;: subjunctive )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As long as it rains, I'll stay at home.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mientras + indicative&quot;&lt;/em&gt; implies mere &lt;strong&gt;simultaneity&lt;/strong&gt; (at the same time something happens, another thing takes place). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mientras + subjunctive&quot;&lt;/em&gt; suggests a &lt;strong&gt;condition&lt;/strong&gt; (as long as something is happening ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-02-20T23:28:39.197" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T23:28:39.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1412" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:43:08.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The DPD has the answer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1412/antes-que-vs-antes-de-que&quot;&gt;antes que o antes de que&lt;/a&gt;. Here's the relevant portion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 . &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;. Con significado temporal, ambas construcciones son válidas. En un principio, precediendo a la oración&#xA;  que expresa el acontecimiento que se toma como referencia, se usó solo&#xA;  la locución conjuntiva &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt; (en latín, &lt;em&gt;ante quam&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;antequam&lt;/em&gt;):&#xA;  «Antes que ellas se levanten, pasemos delante dellas» (MtzToledo&#xA;  Corbacho [Esp. 1438]). Cuando el término de referencia temporal es un&#xA;  sustantivo, un pronombre o un infinitivo, &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; debe ir seguido de la&#xA;  preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;: «Antes d’estos quinze días [...] / Aquellos atamores a&#xA;  vos los pondrán delant» (Cid [Esp. c1140]); «Antes de llegar se&#xA;  detuvieron en una posada a tomar un trago» (UPietri Oficio [Ven.&#xA;  1976]). Del cruce de &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;antes de&lt;/em&gt;, surgió &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  variante de la locución conjuntiva que algunos gramáticos censuraron&#xA;  en un principio por dequeísta (→ dequeísmo), pero que hoy se acepta&#xA;  como válida. Así, es igualmente correcto decir &lt;em&gt;Llegará antes que&#xA;  anochezca&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Llegará antes de que anochezca&lt;/em&gt;. Cuando la locución expresa&#xA;  preferencia, solo es válida la forma &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt;: «Antes que verlo&#xA;  detrás de una reja [...], prefiero verlo muerto» (Asenjo Días [Esp.&#xA;  1982]); con este último sentido, es posible la intercalación de&#xA;  elementos entre &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Antes muerto que vencido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both expressions are valid when their meaning is that of a temporary locution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llegará antes que anochezca&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Llegará antes de que anochezca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt; is a valid expression when the intended meaning is that of preference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Antes que verlo detrás de una reja, prefiero verlo muerto&lt;/em&gt;. but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Antes de que verlo detrás de una reja, prefiero verlo muerto&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T21:23:57.040" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1416" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:47:14.973" Score="5" ViewCount="36334" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;textbook&quot; way to say &quot;you're welcome&quot; in Spanish is &lt;em&gt;de nada&lt;/em&gt;. English has many ways to express this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're welcome.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't worry about it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My pleasure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other ways are there in Spanish to respond to someone saying &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt;? If there are many options, what are the most commonly used 4-5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T16:43:51.380" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T13:46:07.977" Title="Ways to say &quot;you're welcome&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2012-01-16T19:58:19.863" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common ones (of course, which one is &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; most common one, will depend on geographical/regional/cultural considerations):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De nada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por nada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No hay de qué.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Con mucho gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es un placer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a discussion on &lt;em&gt;De nada&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Por nada&lt;/em&gt;, See &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/854/157&quot;&gt;Are there any differences between &amp;quot;de nada&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;por nada&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T20:06:52.687" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1418" CreationDate="2012-01-16T21:37:39.667" Score="12" ViewCount="20317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Along the lines of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1412/antes-que-vs-antes-de-que&quot;&gt;another question I asked&lt;/a&gt;, what is the difference between &lt;em&gt;después que&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;? Is the situation the same as for &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;? When are they synonymous, and when is one correct and the other incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T07:41:47.043" Title="&quot;después que&quot; vs. &quot;después de que&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1417" CreationDate="2012-01-16T22:16:35.300" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, according to DPD's entry &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=despu%E9s&quot;&gt;después que o después de que&lt;/a&gt;, the answer is similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;después que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;. Con significado temporal, ambas construcciones son válidas. En un principio, precediendo a la oración que expresa el acontecimiento que se toma como referencia, se usó solo la locución conjuntiva &lt;em&gt;después que&lt;/em&gt; (en latín, &lt;em&gt;post quam&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;postquam&lt;/em&gt;): «E después que esto ovo fecho, dixo que se quería tornar para su tierra» (Sendebar [Esp. 1253]). Cuando el término de referencia temporal no es una oración con verbo en forma personal, sino un sustantivo, un pronombre o un infinitivo, ha de usarse el adverbio &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt; seguido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;: «Estábamos todos sentados en el corredor tomando el sol después de comer» (González Dios [Méx. 1999]). Del cruce de &lt;em&gt;después que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;después de&lt;/em&gt; surgió &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;, variante de la locución conjuntiva que algunos gramáticos censuraron en un principio por dequeísta (→  dequeísmo), pero que hoy se considera válida. Así, es igualmente correcto decir &lt;em&gt;Después que te fuiste, llamó tu hermano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Después de que te fuiste, llamó tu hermano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T22:16:35.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1417" CreationDate="2012-01-16T22:21:24.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Después que&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; are the same thing. Both are correct, but &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is more a word by word translation (from English) and maybe it doesn't sound so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of them mean that the next action is a subordinated one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión llegará &lt;strong&gt;después que&lt;/strong&gt; amanezca. (The aircraft will arrive after dawn)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión llegará &lt;strong&gt;después de que&lt;/strong&gt; amanezca. (The aircraft will arrive after dawn).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; it is more or less the same thing but, in expressions about one's preferences, we use &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes que coger una moto, prefiero esperar. (Rather than riding a motorbike, I prefer to wait).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Antes de que llegue mi padre, limpiaré la mesa (Before my father arrives, I'll clean the table)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:08:26.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1421" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1424" CreationDate="2012-01-16T22:35:29.633" Score="1" ViewCount="10541" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural translation of the English phrase, &quot;What's wrong?&quot; (i.e. what you would ask a person who appears sad or hurt or withdrawn)? &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te pasó?&lt;/em&gt; would be one option, but that seems like a blunt &quot;What wrong with you?&quot; or &quot;What happened to you?&quot; instead of a compassionate &quot;What's wrong?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-01-10T15:34:24.197" Title="Translation of &quot;What's wrong?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1425" CreationDate="2012-01-16T23:02:30.090" Score="1" ViewCount="8978" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best Spanish translation of the English phrase &quot;Are you ok?&quot; or &quot;Are you alright?&quot; (said out of concern for someone who has just gotten hurt, for example after tripping and falling or getting hit by a ball thrown at them)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T00:03:10.270" Title="Translation of &quot;Are you ok?&quot; or &quot;Are you alright?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1407" CreationDate="2012-01-16T23:06:49.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following translations are pretty accurate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver: watch, see&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Watch a film: ver una película&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let's see what happens: vamos a ver qué pasa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I didn't see him coming: no le vi venir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirar: look at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are you looking at? Qué estás mirando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look at that! ¡Mira eso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="194" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T23:06:49.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1421" CreationDate="2012-01-16T23:07:06.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most common way that I hear in Argentina is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué (te) pasa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be used for the situation you described, as a compassionate &quot;What's wrong?&quot;&#xA;But there are heaps of other ways that could be used just as well. The feeling for each is really found in the tone in your voice when you ask the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué pasó? - What happened?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el problema? - What is the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué hay? - What's the matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Pasa algo? - is something the matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one feels a little less compassionate imo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tienes? - What's your problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T23:07:06.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1422" CreationDate="2012-01-16T23:38:47.723" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be &quot;¿Estás bien?&quot; or &quot;¿Te encuentras bien?&quot;. Maybe we use more &quot;¿Estás bien?&quot; for general things and &quot;¿Te encuentras bien?&quot; for ask about feelings. Anyway, you can use both for the same purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T23:38:47.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1422" CreationDate="2012-01-17T00:03:10.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the two ways provided by Sergi, if you want to check if someones alright after getting hurt like you mentioned, you could also ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se siente bien? - Do you feel alright?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te has hecho daño? - Are you hurt? (after tripping over/falling etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Estás herido? - Are you hurt? (wounded)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T00:03:10.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1449" CreationDate="2012-01-17T04:00:54.280" Score="6" ViewCount="776" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used for formal usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When conjugating a verb is there a rule for its use? Must it always be used along with the conjugated verb? Or are there any instances where an implied (omitted) &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is appropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T01:46:03.243" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T03:20:05.550" Title="usted and its usage" Tags="&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1444" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:04:19.137" Score="0" ViewCount="13131" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when meeting someone you haven't seen for a while, you might ask, &quot;What have you been up to lately?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the equivalent question in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T16:42:28.313" Title="Translation of &quot;What have you been up to lately?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1440" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:07:49.663" Score="5" ViewCount="8366" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;to catch up (with each other)&quot; can be used to describe two people that haven't seen each other in a while that are sharing recent events in their lives with each other. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I haven't seen you in forever. We should get together and catch up sometime!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;It was great to finally be able to catch up.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can this sense be translated to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:26:37.433" Title="Translation of &quot;to catch up&quot; (sharing recent happenings with someone you haven't seen lately)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1430" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1437" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:10:07.960" Score="1" ViewCount="1127" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English &quot;efficient&quot; can be translated as either &lt;em&gt;eficiente&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;eficaz&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. What is the difference between these two translations? In what situations can each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:02:26.130" Title="Efficient: eficiente vs. eficaz" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:12:26.443" Score="1" ViewCount="13886" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the Spanish phrase &lt;em&gt;llevar a cabo&lt;/em&gt; mean in English? What are the most common translations of the phrase into English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T12:38:50.933" Title="Translation of &quot;llevar a cabo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1436" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:15:47.343" Score="9" ViewCount="29669" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the days of the week have single-letter abbreviations (M, T, W, etc.) and three-letter abbreviations (Mon., Tue., Wed.). What are the standard ways to abbreviate the days of the week in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2019-07-01T10:22:57.017" Title="Spanish abbreviations of days of the week" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1446" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:19:07.743" Score="3" ViewCount="5837" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are several forms of the &quot;phonetic alphabet&quot; used to spell words in such a way that there can be no confusion what letter is said. For example, the military and aviation use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many police departments use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adam, Boy, Charles, David, Edward, Frank, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a phonetic alphabet in Spanish? What are the equivalent words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T18:39:00.437" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T18:39:00.437" Title="Spanish phonetic alphabet" Tags="&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1434" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1441" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:22:03.463" Score="2" ViewCount="5177" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are three conjunctions that are very similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;although&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even though&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;though&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; the only possible translation of these to Spanish, or are there similar synonyms in Spanish as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:44:56.860" Title="&quot;although&quot; vs. &quot;even though&quot; vs. &quot;though&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2228" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:26:42.037" Score="14" ViewCount="21353" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda persona singular del pretérito indefinido generalmente termina en &quot;-aste&quot; o &quot;-iste&quot;. En muchos lugares, la gente agrega una &quot;s&quot; final a estas palabras (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;hablastes&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &quot;hablaste&quot;, o &quot;dijistes&quot; en vez de &quot;dijiste&quot;). Si la forma correcta es sin la &quot;s&quot;, ¿por qué mucha gente agrega la &quot;s&quot;? ¿Esto se limita a regiones específicas, o es común en todo el mundo hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second person singular of the preterite tense generally ends in &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-iste&lt;/em&gt;. In many places, people add a final &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; to these words (for example, &lt;em&gt;hablastes&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;hablaste&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dijistes&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;dijiste&lt;/em&gt;). If the correct form is without the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, why do many people add the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;? Is this limited to specific regions, or is it common throughout the Spanish-speaking world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1458" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T15:12:54.307" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T21:02:36.677" Title="&quot;s&quot; final en tiempo pretérito indefinido: -aste(s), -iste(s)" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1432" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:47:31.417" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there's any official standard about this, but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The single-letter abbreviations are:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;L, M, X, J, V, S, D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;miércoles&lt;/em&gt; is usually written as X, so as not to confuse it with &lt;em&gt;martes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding múltiple letter abbreviations, the usual way is two-letter abbreviations:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lu, Ma, Mi, Ju, Vi, Sa, Do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manualdeestilo.com/escribir/abreviaturas-de-los-meses-y-los-dias-de-la-semana/&quot;&gt;A reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T08:28:07.593" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T08:28:07.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1430" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:02:26.130" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think many people would use them interchangeably, but they are not exactly the same. Both are defined as &quot;que tienen eficacia&quot; (eficaz) and &quot;que tiene eficiencia&quot; (eficiente). Now, let's look at the meanings of eficiencia and eficacia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eficiencia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. efficientĭa).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Capacidad de disponer de alguien o de algo para conseguir un efecto determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eficacia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. efficacĭa).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Capacidad de lograr el efecto que se desea o se espera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, they're similar but not really the same.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, being an engineer, understand eficiente as &quot;producing the desired effect with the least resources possible&quot; and eficaz just as &quot;producing the desired effect&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look up efficient in the Webster dictionary, the second definition is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2: productive of desired effects; &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; : productive without waste (an efficient worker)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there's another word, effective, which is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 a : producing a decided, decisive, or desired effect (an effective policy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eficiente: efficient (as in productive without waste) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eficaz: effective&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:02:26.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:16:27.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As to &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; people use it being incorrect, I guess it has to do with the &lt;em&gt;second person plural&lt;/em&gt; being similar, but ended in &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; (-asteis, -isteis), mixed with what they hear around them and a certain illiteracy or carelessness about language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And about where it is used, I can´t really tell. I know in Spain there are regions where it is more prevalent (e.g. the Basque Country), but I don't know about America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:16:27.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:23:22.850" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevar a cabo&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;ejecutar o concluir&quot; algo. Translated into English, it's &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;to carry out&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of meanings more, but they're not that much used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:23:22.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1429" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:26:37.433" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &quot;ponerse al día&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No nos hemos visto en mucho tiempo. Deberíamos quedar un día para &lt;em&gt;ponernos al día&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:26:37.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1434" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:43:33.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's depends on the sentence but you can also translate them as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a pesar de (que)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pese a (que)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(más) bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No obstante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin embargo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm probably forgetting some possibility.&#xA;All of them can be usually used as synonims but not always all of them &quot;sound&quot; okay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:43:33.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1434" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:44:56.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are, although (haha although ;) ) &lt;strong&gt;aunque&lt;/strong&gt; is the one most commonly used and the one that usually springs to mind faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are your options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aunque&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aún cuando&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;si bien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por más que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no obstante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin embargo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aún si&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:44:56.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1433" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:47:41.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know is there is an official &quot;phonetic alphabet&quot; but what I hear most (in Spain) are names of cities and countries, with few exceptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Almería, Barcelona, Cáceres, dedo, Extremadura, Francia, gato, hache, Italia, Jaén...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T07:47:41.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1428" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:51:27.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's depends on the formality and how familiar you are with the person. You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué es de tu vida? (informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué haces(últimamente)? (informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dónde te metes/habías metido? (very informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿A que te dedicas/estás dedicando? (semiformal, formal if formulated with usted)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Todo igual? (neutral)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En que has estado últimamente?&#xA;(neutral)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Que has estado haciendo últimamente? (familiar but not informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Que novedades? (see comments)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En que andas? (informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Como va todo? lit. &quot;How it's going?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T16:42:28.313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T16:42:28.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1433" CreationDate="2012-01-17T08:21:58.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once had the opportunity to visit a navigation control center and they gave me a card with the phonetic alphabet they used and it was pretty much the same as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_phonetic_alphabet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NATO phonetic alphabet&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess (and hope) that for those kinds of official and international things there is some kind of standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the everyday use, we use names of cities, provinces, countries or people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bckelk.ukfsn.org/phon.full.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A collection of phonetic alphabets in different languages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For numbers, I've sometimes heard the ordinals used instead of the cardinals:&#xA;Primero, Segundo, Tercero, Cuarto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T17:06:01.637" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T17:06:01.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1433" CreationDate="2012-01-17T08:25:16.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you're talking about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_phonetic_alphabet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NATO phonetic alphabet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; used for radio communications. In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_radiof%C3%B3nico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;website&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; they say they it is used with the English words though numbers may be translated to local language. Also there are equivalent spelling alphabets in other languages:&#xA;you can read them &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelling_alphabet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for Spanish it would start with &lt;strong&gt;Antonio, Barcelona, Carmen, Chocolate....&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T08:25:16.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2012-01-17T10:56:16.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain two most popular answers are &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De nada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Especially as a response to single word &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay de qué&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is bit more formal, not quite as often used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay problema&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sin problema&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, although I'd say it's not so often answer to thanks, but rather when asking for someone's help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My pleasure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Fue) Un placer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T10:56:16.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1427" CreationDate="2012-01-17T11:14:25.823" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is grammatically third person singular, such a use is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorific#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;honorific&lt;/a&gt; third person. Actually word &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; doesn't have to be used, it's enough if you address person directly, but using 3rd person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously being grammatical 3rd person singular means that the verbs need to be conjugated as 3rd person singular. Also all pronouns must be 3rd person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado Señor Lee, le recordamos que las reglas gramaticales &#xA;  exigen conjugación de los verbos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T13:16:59.487" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T13:16:59.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1451" CreationDate="2012-01-17T14:08:42.743" Score="5" ViewCount="1996" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definition of entrometido in the rae just sends you to entremetido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a real difference between the two? And if there isn't then why are there two words with exactly the same meaning. Maybe something to do with its origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:43:33.490" Title="What is the difference between &quot;Entrometido&quot; and &quot;Entremetido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1450" CreationDate="2012-01-17T14:40:17.853" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas has this to say regarding &lt;code&gt;Entremetido&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Entrometido&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entremeter(se). ‘Meter [una cosa] en medio de otra o poner(se) una&#xA;  persona o cosa entre otras’: «Se abalanzó hacia la enciclopedia,&#xA;  eligió el tomo octavo, [...] entremetió en él la foto» (Cohen Muerte&#xA;  [Esp. 1993]); «Otros se entremetieron entre los muertos, se fingieron&#xA;  muertos para escapar» (Solares Nen [Méx. 1994]); y, como pronominal,&#xA;  ‘intervenir alguien en un asunto que no le incumbe’: «No quieren que&#xA;  nadie se entremeta en su vida» (Rausch Dietas [Arg. 1996]). Con este&#xA;  último sentido &lt;strong&gt;es hoy mayoritario el uso de entrometer(se)&lt;/strong&gt;: «Tuvo&#xA;  cuidado de no entrometerse demasiado en los problemas políticos»&#xA;  (Serrano Dios [Col. 2000]). Lo mismo cabe decir de los adjetivos&#xA;  derivados entremetido y entrometido, mucho más frecuente este último:&#xA;  «No tocó la ropa de Gustavo, [...] porque no quería que la acusara de&#xA;  entrometida» (Donoso Elefantes [Chile 1995]); «No faltaban&#xA;  transeúntes, curiosos, entremetidos y preguntones» (Otero Temporada&#xA;  [Cuba 1983]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put it more clearly: the meaning is the same but when you are using it as synonym for &lt;code&gt;metido/metiche&lt;/code&gt; the word should be &lt;code&gt;Entrometido&lt;/code&gt;; otherwise, &lt;code&gt;Entremeter&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres muy entrometido ¿Por qué mejor no te ocupas de tu vida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entremetí el dinero en el libro que llevaba en mi mano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T15:23:37.957" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:23:37.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1450" CreationDate="2012-01-17T15:24:57.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?IDLEMA=75741&amp;amp;NEDIC=Si&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entremetido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del part. de entremeter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que tiene costumbre de meterse donde no la llaman. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?IDLEMA=75747&amp;amp;NEDIC=Si&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entrometido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;entremetido&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So they are synonyms and it means a person who intrudes into other people's affairs (meddler or meddling person). At least in Spain &lt;strong&gt;entrometido&lt;/strong&gt; is the one used for this meaning. I have never heard &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;entremetido&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (though people would guess the meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see with &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=entremetido,%20entrometido&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ngram Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; now &lt;strong&gt;entrometido&lt;/strong&gt; is more common though &lt;strong&gt;entremetido&lt;/strong&gt; was common in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E2Vze.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also entremetido can be used as a participle of the verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?IDLEMA=31245&amp;amp;NEDIC=Si&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entremeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. In that case it can mean to place something between other things. But I'd say that &amp;quot;meter entre&amp;quot; is more common than &amp;quot;entremeter&amp;quot; (at least in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:43:33.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1427" CreationDate="2012-01-17T17:42:06.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; needn't always be used directly with a verb; it can also be an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo doy &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;I give it &lt;strong&gt;to you&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  In this case, of course, &lt;em&gt;doy&lt;/em&gt; is conjugated for &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, not for &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estos papeles son &lt;strong&gt;de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is the object of the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, and the sentence means &quot;These papers are of you&quot; or, more idiomatically, &quot;These papers are &lt;strong&gt;yours&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  Again, &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; isn't conjugated for &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T17:42:06.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1455" CreationDate="2012-01-17T17:46:43.677" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_shears&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Garden shears&lt;/a&gt; (pruning shears) are specialized scissors used in gardening. Loppers are a bigger, two-handed version used to cut larger branches. Are there specific terms in Spanish to refer to these tools, or would they all be considered &lt;em&gt;tijeras&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T18:19:44.293" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T22:57:08.270" Title="Translation of &quot;garden shears&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1454" CreationDate="2012-01-17T18:16:58.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are called &lt;strong&gt;tijeras de podar&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tijeras de jardinero&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;podaderas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;strong&gt;tijeras de jardinero&lt;/strong&gt; is mostly used for the big ones, but there aren't really different words for pruning shears and loppers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Laura (in Majorca?): Garden shears = &lt;strong&gt;tijeras de podar&lt;/strong&gt;, loppers = &lt;strong&gt;tijeras de fuerza&lt;/strong&gt; (this term is unknown to me). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T22:57:08.270" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T22:57:08.270" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-01-17T22:57:08.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18186" CreationDate="2012-01-17T18:23:39.107" Score="12" ViewCount="13701" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Armpit&quot; in English can be translated as either &lt;em&gt;sobaco&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;axila&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. Is each term used in different regions, or are they both used across the Spanish-speaking world? What is the difference, or are they exact synonyms? If they are synonyms, which is more common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:02:02.107" Title="Armpit: sobaco vs. axila" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1456" CreationDate="2012-01-17T18:53:05.177" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia both forms are used about equally. I prefer axila since is a more technical term and sobaco is perhaps used more often when referring to animals. There's a Colombian saying that goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy más pelado que sobaco de rana (I don't have a dime on me.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, sobaco is more colloquial and axila is more formal/technical and they refer to the same part of the body on both, animals and humans. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Dominican Republic, &lt;em&gt;sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is also used to refer to someone with bad odor on his armpit. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.colonialtours.com.do/diccionario.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;See this dictionary of Dominicanismos by Colonial Tour and Travel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you visit the Dominican Republic and someone tells you &quot;tú tienes sobaco,&quot; is very likely that the person isn't referring to your body parts but rather urging you to take a shower and get a hold of a deodorant as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In several countries the word sobaco is considered vulgar and unsophisticated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T09:47:03.677" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T09:47:03.677" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2012-01-17T19:18:38.420" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is old but I'd like to add my answer as well. The lists have been taken from a grammar textbook but most examples (except the last two) are not just pasted... sometimes I needed some help with the structure or ideas, though. :) So if you spot a mistake, feel free to correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Causa (cause)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo sucedió por ti. — &lt;em&gt;Everything happened because of you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Complemento de agente de la voz pasiva (it indicates the complement in the passive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La carta fue escrita por Juan. — &lt;em&gt;The letter was written by Juan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Localización aproximada (rough localization)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa estaba por aquí. — &lt;em&gt;The house was around here.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Movimiento a través de un lugar (movement through a place)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hombre pasea por el parque. — &lt;em&gt;The man goes for a walk in the park.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Periodicidad (regular recurrence)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a las clases cinco veces por semana. — &lt;em&gt;I attend the classes five times a week.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Época aproximada, pasada o futura (rough indication of time, past or future)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por esa época, casi nadie tenía zapatos. — &lt;em&gt;Around that time, almost nobody had shoes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sustitución (substitution)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He llamado al representante por ti. — &lt;em&gt;I called the spokesman in your place.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medio (medium)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llámame por teléfono. — &lt;em&gt;Call me on the phone.&lt;/em&gt; (via phone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Precio, definido o indefinido (price, definite or indefinite)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He comprado un bocadillo por dos euros. — &lt;em&gt;I bought a sandwich for two euros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Para &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finalidad (finality, purpose)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He venido aquí para ayudarte. — &lt;em&gt;I came here in order to help you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Destinatario (addressee)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He traído algo para ti. — &lt;em&gt;I brought something for you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Opinión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para mí, debería irse. — &lt;em&gt;In my opinion, he should go away.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Limite espacial, destino (spatial limit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me fui para mi casa. — &lt;em&gt;I went home.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Plazo, fecha limite (place or date that represents a limit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él dicho que acababa de interrogar para el viernes. — &lt;em&gt;He said he was going to stop examining (the students) by Friday.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No estar para (ausencia de disposición anímica)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy no estoy para nadie. — &lt;em&gt;Today I'm not available for anybody.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estar &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; (expresses an imminent action)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; llamarte. — &lt;em&gt;I was about to call you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Valor concesivo (to express something like &quot;Even if...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para tener esa edad, es muy hermosa. — &lt;em&gt;Even if she is that/considering her age, she's very beautiful.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para + sustantivo —&gt; comparación y valoración (positiva o negativa);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para playas sucias, las de esta zona. &lt;strike&gt;(not sure about translation)&lt;/strike&gt; Talking about dirty beaches, there's those around here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para + oración —&gt; comparación y valoración (negativa o irónica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para lo que has dicho, mejor habría sido que te callaras. — &lt;em&gt;Considering what you said, it would have been better if you had shut up.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T14:07:30.080" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T14:07:30.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1406" CreationDate="2012-01-17T19:30:59.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different languages, like different peoples, have different customs.  You cannot expect to use literal translations to get the correct phrases/meanings -- it is something you have to learn.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(After all, if it was as easy as literal translations computers could do it for us with no problem;  try running a phrase or two through some of the free translation services to see that it is not, in fact, an easy thing to do.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the reason is:  Because it does.  ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="360" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T19:30:59.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1464" CreationDate="2012-01-17T19:38:26.053" Score="8" ViewCount="7455" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;cascada&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;catarata&lt;/em&gt; as translations for the English &quot;waterfall&quot;? Are they synonyms, or is there a difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T03:35:01.840" Title="Waterfall: cascada vs. catarata" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1463" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:11:06.607" Score="3" ViewCount="2347" Body="&lt;p&gt;What phrase in Spanish is used to describe a &quot;personal statement&quot; (i.e. a short essay composed for a college application, for example)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T07:34:32.047" Title="Translation of &quot;personal statement&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1407" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:53:05.680" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mirar&quot; emphasizes the &lt;strong&gt;act&lt;/strong&gt;  (to see, as &quot;to look at&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ver&quot; emphasizes the &lt;strong&gt;perception&lt;/strong&gt;  (to see, as &quot;to perceive&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, only one of these is acceptable. In many cases, both can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Me estás mirando?&quot;  (Are you looking at me? a-la Taxi driver)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Con estos lentes no veo nada&quot; (With these lens I don't see a thing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué película estás viendo/mirando?&quot; (What movie are you watching?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:53:05.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1461" CreationDate="2012-01-17T21:10:48.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term I think is most close to &lt;code&gt;personal statement&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;carta de intención&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:29:35.170" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:29:35.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1460" CreationDate="2012-01-17T21:22:27.963" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some way are synonyms, but &lt;code&gt;catarata&lt;/code&gt; is used for big waterfalls. Of course, this is a subjective difference. For a waterfall in a little creek you say &lt;code&gt;cascada&lt;/code&gt; for sure, but not &lt;code&gt;catarata&lt;/code&gt;. And, for example, the translation of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Niagara Falls → Cataratas del Niágara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son las cataratas del Niágara cascadas? Sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-16T16:02:17.867" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T16:02:17.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1470" CreationDate="2012-01-18T03:18:12.497" Score="2" ViewCount="13643" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English if someone complements you or expresses their gratitude for something you've done, you can respond with something like, &quot;Thank you for your kind words.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What Spanish phrase would best translate that sense of &quot;kind words&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T08:52:51.107" Title="Translating &quot;kind words&quot; (as in &quot;Thank you for your kind words.&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1471" CreationDate="2012-01-18T03:46:42.310" Score="2" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;to open (oneself) up to someone&quot; describes someone who shares their feelings and emotions with another person as opposed to someone who is &quot;closed&quot; and keeps their feelings to themselves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way in Spanish to express this meaning of &quot;open&quot;, &quot;closed&quot;, and &quot;to open up to someone&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T12:38:40.290" Title="Translating &quot;to open up&quot; and &quot;closed&quot; (revealing feelings to another)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1468" CreationDate="2012-01-18T04:10:04.860" Score="3" ViewCount="2504" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to translate &quot;I have a feeling...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not feeling as in feeling happy/sad etc, but instead more of an instinct/idea/guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a feeling that someone here knows the answer to this. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T19:45:54.853" Title="Translation of &quot;I have a feeling...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2012-01-18T04:45:09.543" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate &lt;em&gt;to have a feeling&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;presentir&lt;/em&gt;; here's the definition from the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?origen=RAE&amp;amp;LEMA=presentir&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presentir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. praesentīre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Intuir, tener la sensación de que algo va a suceder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Adivinar algo antes que suceda, por algunos indicios o señales que lo preceden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your concrete example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling that someone here knows the answer to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presiento que alguien aquí sabe la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Laura has suggested in a comment, another commonly used translation would be &lt;em&gt;Me parece que&lt;/em&gt;; in this case,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling that someone here knows the answer to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que alguien aquí sabe la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility for &lt;em&gt;to have a feeling&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;intuir&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;Intuyo que alguien aquí sabe la respuesta&lt;/em&gt;, but I would opt for &lt;em&gt;presentir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T22:14:52.557" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2012-01-18T12:08:10.730" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la sensación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your sentence can be translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la sensación de que alguien aquí sabe la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=tengo+la+sensaci%F3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can see more examples of &quot;tengo la sensación&quot; with the corresponding English sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T19:45:54.853" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T19:45:54.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1465" CreationDate="2012-01-18T12:24:24.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would transate it to &lt;em&gt;amables palabras&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por tus amables palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T12:24:24.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1466" CreationDate="2012-01-18T12:38:40.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The straight translation is correct: 'abrirse', 'ser una persona abierta' and 'cerrarse', 'ser una persona cerrada'. Other expressions are 'introvertido' and 'extrovertido', which have their own English translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One special case is with 'close', that in spanish can be translated both as 'cerrado/a' and 'cercano/a'. The latter, when applied to persons, means the contrary than the former and is more related to 'open personality'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T12:38:40.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-18T15:51:06.963" Score="20" ViewCount="38420" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión fijada &quot;al fin y al cabo&quot; en inglés sería algo como &quot;at the end of the day, in the end, after all&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero quería saber, ¿se conoce la etimología? En la entrada &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/al_fin_y_al_cabo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;al fin y al cabo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en Wiktionary, hay algo sobre los significados de los términos como &quot;cabo&quot;, por ejemplo, pero no explica cómo se relacionan con el significado de la expresión...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿cuál es la historia de esa expresión? ¿Cómo evolucionó? Por favor, poned las referencias también.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fixed expression &quot;al fin y al cabo&quot; in English would be something like &quot;at the end of the day, in the end, after all&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I wanted to know, is the etymology known? The entry &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/al_fin_y_al_cabo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;al fin y al cabo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the Wiktionary lists some meanings for the terms like &quot;cabo&quot;, for example, but it doesn't explain how those are related to the meaning of the expression...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what is this expression story? How did it evolve? Please, provide some references.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T08:26:10.233" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:53:34.663" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;al fin y al cabo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1476" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:08:53.253" Score="1" ViewCount="3684" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we say something is &quot;too good to be true&quot; to express that apparently amazing deals or benefits generally aren't real. Is there an equivalent phrase in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T08:01:31.287" Title="Translation of &quot;too good to be true&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1482" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:11:32.843" Score="17" ViewCount="37702" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;? Is there any difference in pronunciation between the two? Are there any contexts where one is correct and one is wrong, or are they completely synonymous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Hay alguna diferencia de pronunciación entre las dos? ¿Hay algún contexto en el cual una de ellas es correcta y la otra no, o son completamente sinónimas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T19:19:19.047" Title="What is the difference between allí and ahí (&quot;there&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5408" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:18:19.713" Score="9" ViewCount="640" Body="&lt;p&gt;WordReference translates &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=acull%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acullá&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;yonder.&quot; Is this a word that was only used in the past, or is it still used in modern Spanish today? If so, what regions does it appear in and how is it used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T12:51:06.830" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T12:51:06.830" Title="Usage of the word acullá" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1473" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:20:38.477" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of it is the common way of saying that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Demasiado bueno para ser verdad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also you could say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Demasiado bueno para ser cierto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there is a proverb for that kind of situations which says (thanks leonbloy and Icarus):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando la limosna es grande hasta el santo desconfía&lt;/strong&gt; (used at least in Mexico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De eso tan bueno no dan tanto&lt;/strong&gt; (used at least in Colombia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T08:01:31.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1481" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:22:45.697" Score="5" ViewCount="5268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard &lt;em&gt;pelón&lt;/em&gt; (or the feminine &lt;em&gt;pelona&lt;/em&gt;) used to both refer to someone who has no hair and someone who has a lot of hair. Is there any way of distinguishing whether &lt;em&gt;pelón&lt;/em&gt; means bald or hairy, or is context the only indicator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T05:56:03.583" Title="Does pelón/pelona mean bald or hairy?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1487" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:31:00.817" Score="1" ViewCount="7557" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have many words to describe the different types of vessels that travel on water:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ship&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yacht&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dinghy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;canoe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kayak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;raft&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;watercraft&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vessel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sailboat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;barge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catamaran&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lifeboat/liferaft&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and other less common terms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these have direct translations into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what are the most common generic terms for a boat or ship, and what are the differences between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T06:24:19.360" Title="Words for boat, ship, and other seafaring vessels" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1485" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:36:41.210" Score="3" ViewCount="2801" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many parts of the Spanish-speaking world, describing a person who is &quot;shy&quot; can be done with at least four different words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tímido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reservado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vergonzoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;penoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these words, and what exactly does each one refer to? Which is the most general translation of &quot;shy&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T19:25:40.320" Title="shy: tímido vs. reservado vs. vergonzoso vs. penoso" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1480" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:39:38.680" Score="3" ViewCount="4443" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if children are misbehaving, someone might correct them by saying, &quot;Be nice!&quot; How is this normally said in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T18:15:08.167" Title="Translation of &quot;be nice&quot; (said to children)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1477" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:40:59.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=pel%F3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means someone who has little or no hair, and that it means &quot;with a lot of hair&quot; in Ecuador. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1205805&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;A topic&lt;/a&gt; on Wordreference.com confirms this, so does looking the word up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=pel%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think you can go on using pelón safely to say &quot;bald or with little hair&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T17:40:59.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2012-01-18T17:57:48.417" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now (at least in Spain) they are not synonyms and the use of them differs in the distance of the place from the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahí&lt;/strong&gt; = en ese lugar (in this place)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allí&lt;/strong&gt; = en aquel lugar (in that place)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is &lt;strong&gt;nearer to the speaker&lt;/strong&gt; than &lt;strong&gt;allí&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=aculla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; says they can be synonims but that the use as synonyms is outdated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difficulty may be in knowing how far has to be the place to choose one or the other. I would say that it doesn't matter much but &amp;quot;ahí&amp;quot; is usually used with things you can watch directly, for example if you are in front of the White House you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahí&lt;/strong&gt; está la Casa Blanca (you can see it and say that while you point at it with your finger)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allí&lt;/strong&gt; está la Casa Blanca (you can see it, but you think it's far from you)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but for example if you're in Washington and you want to speak about New York then probably we would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan está en Nueva York. &lt;strong&gt;Allí&lt;/strong&gt; está el Empire State, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway it's just a perception of how the user can consider the distance. The best example of its use you may find it in a sentence where both are used to mean that something is further than the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in Paris while being closer to the Louvre Museum than the Eiffel Tower you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira &lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/strong&gt; está el Museo del Louvre y &lt;strong&gt;allí&lt;/strong&gt; la Torre Eiffel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for pronunciation, they are not pronounced in the same way at all. The &amp;quot;h&amp;quot; has not sound in &amp;quot;ahí&amp;quot; and the double l: &amp;quot;ll&amp;quot; is pronounced as in the word &amp;quot;callar&amp;quot;. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/109/105&quot;&gt;this answer from this site&lt;/a&gt; where it's explained how to pronounce &amp;quot;ll&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T18:09:02.857" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1480" CreationDate="2012-01-18T18:06:28.473" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the most common ways that come to my mind are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Pórtate bien!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Sé bueno!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Compórtate!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that &quot;pórtate bien&quot; is more common probably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-18T18:15:08.167" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T18:15:08.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-18T19:15:18.183" Score="2" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the interjection &quot;Great!&quot; can be used to respond to almost any statement. In Spanish, I've heard a few similar interjections:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué bien!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué bueno!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Está bien!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Está bueno!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always had a hard time understanding the difference between these and when they're used. What are the options for translating &quot;Great!&quot;, and how are they used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T19:33:13.007" Title="Translation of &quot;Great!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1479" CreationDate="2012-01-18T19:25:40.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many meanings with these words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tímido&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vergonzoso&lt;/em&gt;: their main difference could be that with &lt;em&gt;vergonzoso&lt;/em&gt; you emphasize the fact the person you're talking about feels (or could feel) shame when doing something. With &lt;em&gt;tímido&lt;/em&gt; you only say he/she will be more reluctant to behave in a more &quot;direct&quot; way, someone without &quot;personality&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reservado&lt;/em&gt;: is someone who doesn't talk too much. A bit silent. A person who only speaks when he feels he has to.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Penoso&lt;/em&gt;: According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=penoso&quot;&gt;RAE's definition&lt;/a&gt;, in Cuba, El Salvador and México it means &lt;em&gt;Tímido&lt;/em&gt; (I've just learned this today). Here in Chile, on the other hand, it means someone who makes the other people feel sorry for him, in a very bad way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T19:25:40.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2012-01-18T19:33:13.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This translation will depend not only on the country or region you're speaking Spanish, but will also depend on the age the people you are talking to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in Chile (and I think in many other places as well) we can say with a &quot;neutral dialect&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Genial!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Excelente!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But according to the age of the people who were talking, you could hear also in Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Bacán!  (a word from the nineties)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Groso!  (a word from the eighties)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡La raja!  (a very informal way)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T19:33:13.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1478" CreationDate="2012-01-18T20:24:16.697" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;boat: barco, barca (smaller)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ship: barco, buque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yacht: yate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dinghy: bote neumático&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;canoe: canoa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kayak: Kayac&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;raft: balsa (Floating platform, originally formed by timbers together)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;watercraft:  embarcaciones (generic)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vessel: navío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sailboat: velero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;barge: barcaza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;catamaran: catamarán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lifeboat/liferaft: bote salvavidas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The generic word for describe a board/ship in Spain is &lt;strong&gt;barco&lt;/strong&gt;. But if you want do be more specific you could use other words like ship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T18:46:40.723" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1475" CreationDate="2012-01-18T23:06:55.097" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I remember hearing &lt;code&gt;acullá&lt;/code&gt; from my grandmother long time ago. She was looking for her comb everywhere in the house. My mother asked her:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué pasa? (What's wrong?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my grandmother answered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo encontrar mi peine aquí, allá ni &lt;strong&gt;acullá&lt;/strong&gt;! (I can't find my comb here, there and &lt;strong&gt;yonder&lt;/strong&gt;[?]!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my best guess is that &lt;code&gt;acullá&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;más allá&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;over there&lt;/strong&gt; maybe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T23:06:55.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1494" CreationDate="2012-01-18T23:45:02.143" Score="2" ViewCount="1267" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software engineering, there are often multiple &quot;environments&quot; the codebase exists in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing or qa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;staging&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the Spanish term used for &quot;environment,&quot; and how are each of these environments translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T15:15:14.153" Title="Software environments (development, testing, staging, production)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1496" CreationDate="2012-01-18T23:47:42.810" Score="1" ViewCount="1243" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English &quot;plan&quot; can be translated into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;plan&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;plan&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt;, and when would each one be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T07:09:38.883" Title="plan: plano vs. plan" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1492" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1495" CreationDate="2012-01-18T23:51:45.003" Score="5" ViewCount="6631" Body="&lt;p&gt;When describing someone helping someone else, does &lt;em&gt;ayudar&lt;/em&gt; take a direct or indirect object pronoun? In other words, is it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lo puedo ayudar? or ¿La puedo ayudar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le puedo ayudar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If both are used, what is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-08T00:20:08.990" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T00:20:08.990" Title="lo ayudo vs. le ayudo (direct vs. indirect object)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1493" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-18T23:56:36.337" Score="2" ViewCount="1243" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish Bible, I believe the English &quot;justice&quot; and &quot;righteousness&quot; are both translated as &lt;em&gt;justicia&lt;/em&gt;. Is &lt;em&gt;justicia&lt;/em&gt; the only word that can translate both of these terms? Is there any way to know which is intended other than through context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-04-20T21:43:37.500" Title="justicia: justice and righteousness?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1490" CreationDate="2012-01-19T01:03:04.703" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish word for &quot;environment&quot;, in this context, is &quot;entorno&quot;. So, we can talk about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entorno de desarrollo (&quot;development&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entorno de pruebas (&quot;testing&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entorno de producción (&quot;production&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: As for &quot;staging&quot;, I have seen the English word itself being used as a loanword, as in &quot;entorno de staging&quot;. But, as others have pointed out (thanks, Javi and Ricardo), &quot;entorno de pre-producción&quot; is often used, as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="318" LastEditorUserId="318" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T15:15:14.153" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T15:15:14.153" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1492" CreationDate="2012-01-19T05:47:03.963" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference in meaning. The verbs &lt;em&gt;ayudar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;obedecer&lt;/em&gt; are changing their patterns. Historically (in medieval Spanish) they would take a dative pronoun (le); nowadays they take mostly an accusative one (la/lo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See: DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=le%C3%ADsmo&amp;amp;origen=RAE#4e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;“Leísmo”, sección 4e&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T08:51:50.103" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T08:51:50.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1491" CreationDate="2012-01-19T07:04:29.687" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's look at what Webster says about &lt;em&gt;plan&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;Definition of PLAN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;: a drawing or diagram drawn on a plane: as&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a : a top or horizontal view of an object&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b : a large-scale map of a small area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a : a method for achieving an end&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b : an often customary method of doing something : procedure&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;c : a detailed formulation of a program of action&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;d : goal, aim&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;: an orderly arrangement of parts of an overall design or objective&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;: a detailed program (as for payment or the provision of&#xA;some service) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's look at what RAE says for &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;plan&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;plano, na.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(Del lat. planus).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;4. m. Representación esquemática, en dos dimensiones y a determinada escala, de un terreno, una población, una máquina, una construcción, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;plan.   (De plano).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2. m. Intención, proyecto.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;3. m. Modelo sistemático de una actuación pública o privada, que se elabora anticipadamente para dirigirla y encauzarla.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;4. m. Escrito en que sumariamente se precisan los detalles para realizar una obra.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;5. m. Dieta, régimen de vida, especialmente alimenticio. El plan que siguió fue muy severo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing, &lt;strong&gt;plan translates as&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plano, when it is used in it definition 1 (and sometimes 3): a diagram, a map...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plan, when it is used in its definitions 2 and 4 (and sometimes 3): a program of action, a goal...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some examples&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plano de Barcelona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plano del metro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plano de una casa (a floorplan)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plan de acción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plan de pensiones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Tengo un plan! (I have an idea of a set of steps to achieve a goal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Tengo un plano! (I have a map or schematic drawing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T07:09:38.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2012-01-19T08:18:53.023" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikilengua has this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Categor%C3%ADa%3aAtlas_oral&quot;&gt;Atlas Oral&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a website where people from all the word can upload their own recordings of short sentences indicating the accent they have. The site has different maps of countries or regions and over it you can see the recordings uploaded with the accent or the origin of the speaker. For example for Argentina is this &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Atlas_oral/Argentina&quot;&gt;one&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. So far, there isn't a great variety of files uploaded, but in most countries there is at least a few so they can be helpful. Anyways, any person can upload new files to make it more complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T08:18:53.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1500" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:00:03.070" Score="4" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following is ambiguous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras era feliz, eres cansado y era triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to clarifiy speakers by adding pronouns to the verbs, would you have to do it to all them, or only until the ambiguity is gone? In this case, which of the following are correct fixes (or does it not matter)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; era feliz, &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; eres cansado y &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; era triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; era feliz, eres cansado y &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; era triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T10:25:27.440" Title="If you need to clarify a speaker with a pronoun, do you need to clarify all verbs in the sentence with one?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1501" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:17:01.567" Score="4" ViewCount="1038" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;It was&quot; is translated as &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt;. I know for statements like &quot;It was happy with you&quot; (contigo estaba feliz) that works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what about constructions where the &quot;it&quot; is nothing in specific? Such as &quot;It was only when I realized that she was a man did I...&quot;, or (using the present) &quot;It's that time again, when...&quot;. For these, would &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; still apply?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was when I saw the tiger that I became afraid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess at a translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era cuando veía el tigre que estoy asustado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I had a bit of trouble picking &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; for these constructions. &lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; was described to me as being used with something's identity. In these cases, I figured &quot;It was&quot; referred to the identity of the time period. Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="378" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T10:24:25.443" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T11:29:39.980" Title="How to form statements like &quot;It was during that time that...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1498" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:19:47.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would certainly have to resolve the ambiguity between &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, because the conjugation is the same. But you can omit the pronoun for tú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras ella estaba feliz, estabas cansado y yo estaba triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it would sound weird, unless the previous sentences were speaking about &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It sounds better with the pronoun for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, because later you specify &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, if the sentence comes after one or more that speak about &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, you could omit the &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; in this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras (ella) estaba feliz, tú estabas cansado y yo estaba triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, since it is an opposition between ella, tú y yo, it sounds best with all the pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, what I would omit is the verb for yo, because it is the same as for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras ella estaba feliz, tú estabas cansado y yo triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if you use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, the three verbs are the same and you can't omit the pronouns, without making the sentence impossible to understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras ella estaba feliz, usted estaba cansado y yo estaba triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T10:25:27.440" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T10:25:27.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1499" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:34:04.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your example, my transalation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue al ver el tigre cuando me asusté.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It was&quot; can be translated as &quot;era&quot; or as &quot;fue&quot;, and it these cases I think &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; it's the best one to use. For example:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was only when I realized that she was a man that (*did) I... = Fue&#xA;  al darme cuenta de que era un hombre que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the present, I would use &quot;es&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es ahora que me doy cuenta de que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T10:34:04.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1493" CreationDate="2012-01-19T11:14:03.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you have adjective &lt;em&gt;justo&lt;/em&gt;, which primary meaning is fair, just or righteous, and noun &lt;em&gt;justicia&lt;/em&gt;. One of the meanings is having these qualities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you have 3 nouns: justice, righteousness and fairness. They are synonyms, although the context in which they are used varies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El profesor es justo &amp;mdash; The teacher is fair.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Dios llamará a los justos &amp;mdash; God will call upon the righteous.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for &lt;em&gt;justicia&lt;/em&gt; as righteousness, indeed you can only know from the context. However, that usage is quite uncommon. The only one I can think of is &lt;em&gt;hacer algo con justicia&lt;/em&gt;, which would be translated to: to do something righteously. Again, let me stress that it's not very colloquial, so you won't hear that in every day conversation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T11:28:22.303" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T11:28:22.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1499" CreationDate="2012-01-19T11:29:39.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The shown transposition from &amp;quot;era&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; is correct, but it seems you haven't yet understood why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &amp;quot;al + infinitive&amp;quot; is a temporal clause, it indicates the simultaneity of two events. See for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al despertar, me enteré que había dormido demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realized I slept too much &lt;em&gt;when/as soon as&lt;/em&gt; I woke up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first thing to note. Secondly, the transposition from &amp;quot;era&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; happens because the tense &amp;quot;imperfecto&amp;quot; denotes an event in the past that has a &lt;strong&gt;duration&lt;/strong&gt;, while the &amp;quot;pretérito&amp;quot; (can) indicate a &lt;strong&gt;single&lt;/strong&gt; event. Your example was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was when I saw the tiger that I became afraid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment you saw the tiger was, indeed, a moment. So you can't use the imperfecto in this case for this simple reason:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue al ver el tigre ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T11:29:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1505" CreationDate="2012-01-19T15:25:57.250" Score="7" ViewCount="13795" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of the popular mexican expression &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Te (la) bañaste&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se (la) bañó&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the origin?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: El profesor de matemáticas nos encargó, el día de hoy, resolver&#xA;  cien problemas algebraicos para mañana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡Ah se la bañó! Son muchos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Olvidé que ayer era el cumpleaños de mi mamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Te la bañaste.&#xA;  ¿Cómo se te pudo olvidar algo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Estabamos caminando a lado de la alberca y aventé a mi hermano a&#xA;  ella. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Te bañaste. Qué malo eres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T22:52:15.250" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T06:11:18.507" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;Te la bañaste&quot; expression?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1504" CreationDate="2012-01-19T15:55:30.493" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context where I live this expression is used to denote a type some type of excess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: El profesor de matemáticas nos encargó, el día de hoy, resolver&#xA;  cien problemas algebraicos para mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡Ah se la bañó! Son muchos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example above it means that the professor let his students a lot of work, I don't think you can translate (even in slang) to English, in order to denote a similar meaning you would use expressions such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can't believe it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Oh my God!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T22:52:49.253" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T22:52:49.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1513" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:18:13.713" Score="3" ViewCount="15340" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the phrase &quot;let me know&quot; all the time in English. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just let me know when you're free.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could you let me know whether you can come tomorrow?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have any questions, just let me know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let me know what you think.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What options are there in Spanish for expressing &quot;let me know,&quot; and how are they normally used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:21:49.063" Title="Translation of &quot;let me know&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1517" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:24:21.800" Score="1" ViewCount="2504" Body="&lt;p&gt;There seem to be many words (especially technical ones) in English that don't directly translate to a single word in Spanish. What about in the other direction: are there any words in Spanish that are notoriously difficult to translate into English (in other words, they can't be fully expressed in English in just a couple words)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T03:03:22.993" Title="Are there any words in Spanish that are very difficult to translate to English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2012-01-20T03:05:41.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1544" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:29:01.760" Score="10" ViewCount="33619" Body="&lt;p&gt;In thinking about the expressiveness of Spanish vs. English, I was wondering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About how many Spanish words exist (in total)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About how many English words exist (in total)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About how many Spanish words does an average Spanish speaker have in his vocabulary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About how many English words does an average English speaker have in his vocabulary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T03:39:14.670" Title="Comparing number of words in Spanish and English" Tags="&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1512" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:32:41.427" Score="1" ViewCount="3676" Body="&lt;p&gt;When dubbing foreign movies or TV shows in Spanish for an international audience, what dialect or variety of Spanish is typically used? Does it vary, or is there a particular variant that's considered most &quot;neutral&quot; or &quot;standard&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T15:57:48.167" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T15:57:48.167" Title="What Spanish dialect is used for dubbing international films/shows?" Tags="&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1549" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:41:38.563" Score="5" ViewCount="8637" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedbug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bed bugs&lt;/a&gt; are parasitic insects that can infest beds and the areas where people sleep. Wikipedia shows that the Spanish term for bed bug is &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimex_lectularius&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chinche&lt;/a&gt;. However, my understanding is that &lt;em&gt;chinche&lt;/em&gt; (at least in Central America) refers to the insect that spreads &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chagas_disease&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chagas disease&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the correct terms for these two insects, and how can you make the (very important!) difference clear when talking about them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T13:24:25.637" Title="Translation of &quot;bed bug&quot; (chinche?)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1515" CreationDate="2012-01-19T17:56:57.033" Score="2" ViewCount="671" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, some insects bite you (like mosquitos), while other insects sting you (like bees). A bite generally involves an animal's mouth, while a sting involves another part of the animal (a bee's or scorpion's stinger).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to make this distinction in Spanish, or do all animals &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T18:53:22.317" Title="Insect bites vs. stings" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:12:33.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say Argentina, Spain and Mexico -in that order- are the 3 countries where most of the movies and TV shows are dubbed today. Dubbing companies from other countries are entering the business now (Venezuela, Colombia) but when I was younger, most, if not all of the of the cartoons and TV shows where dubbed in Argentina while the movies where dubbed in Spain or simply not dubbed at all. You had to read the closed captions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as using a neutral accent, I suppose it depends more on how good the company doing the dubbing is, but Argentinian companies are the best in my opinion. They rarely use regionalisms (ie. they dub &lt;code&gt;dough&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;dinero&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;guita&lt;/code&gt; (Argentina) or &lt;code&gt;lana&lt;/code&gt; (Mexico)) and the people doing the dubbing have pretty neutral accents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mexican and Spanish companies, at least on my experience, are not so good and &lt;code&gt;The Simpsons&lt;/code&gt; is a notable example. It is dubbed in Mexico and you frequently hear terms such as &lt;code&gt;aventar, cuate, qué onda, etc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer:&lt;/strong&gt; This is totally based on my own experience and I did not use any other reference to support my claims.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T18:12:33.863" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1506" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:35:39.553" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general it could be translated as either &lt;code&gt;avísame&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;házmelo saber.&lt;/code&gt; For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just let me know when you're free. --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Avísame cuando estés libre&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could you let me know whether you can come tomorrow? --&gt; &lt;code&gt;¿Me podrías avisar si puedes venir mañana?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have any questions, just let me know. --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Si tienes alguna pregunta, házmelo saber&lt;/code&gt; or... &lt;code&gt;avísame si tienes alguna pregunta&lt;/code&gt; or... &lt;code&gt;si tienes alguna pregunta, avísame&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let me know what you think. --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Hazme saber qué opinas&lt;/code&gt; or... &lt;code&gt;avísame qué opinas&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I prefer &lt;code&gt;avísame&lt;/code&gt;. It's more concise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T18:35:39.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1511" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:37:08.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any way to make this distinction in Spanish, or do all&#xA;  animals picar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, not all animals always &lt;code&gt;pican&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;insects&lt;/strong&gt; always &lt;code&gt;pican,&lt;/code&gt;even the biggest insect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T18:37:08.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1511" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:44:58.693" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; is definitely the most common (in my experience, in Spain) for insect (and related) bites. However, &lt;em&gt;morder&lt;/em&gt; is also used. For example, Wikipedia shows 211,000 hits for &quot;picadura de araña&quot; vs. 147,000 for &quot;mordedura de araña&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like in English, &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; is more associated to a stinger and &lt;em&gt;morder&lt;/em&gt; to a mandible or biting device. Notice that mosquitoes &lt;em&gt;pican&lt;/em&gt;, because although they do it for feeding purposes and using their mouth organs, these are needle-shaped and hence &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, and slightly off-topic, scorpions and spiders are not insects but arachnids. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to other animals, most people would commonly use &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; for snakes, but it's more proper to use &lt;em&gt;morder&lt;/em&gt; in this case. Fish with stingers &lt;em&gt;pican&lt;/em&gt;, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T18:53:22.317" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T18:53:22.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1507" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:50:55.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think so. &lt;em&gt;Cursi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;quedar&lt;/em&gt; (like in &quot;hemos quedado a las seis&quot;) come to mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cursi is close in meaning to cheesy, corny and tacky, but also has a connotation of baroquely embellished, overdone and pretentious that these terms do not convey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedar, at least in the sense that we use it in Spain, describes an intention. If I say that &quot;hemos quedado a las seis&quot;, it means that my friends and I have agreed to meet at six. It could be roughly translated as &quot;agree to meet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T22:05:11.270" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T22:05:11.270" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1507" CreationDate="2012-01-19T19:00:32.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt;.  I always thought it just had the &lt;em&gt;elf&lt;/em&gt; connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hotword.dictionary.com/duende/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What is the hardest word to translate from Spanish?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="50" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T19:00:32.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1507" CreationDate="2012-01-19T20:15:45.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion it's the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sinvergüenza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lots of possible translations, lots of connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-20T03:03:22.993" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T03:03:22.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1506" CreationDate="2012-01-19T22:01:01.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must agree that &lt;code&gt;avísame&lt;/code&gt; is more concise, but at the same time I think it's too imperative. What I mean is that it could be seen as rude since you are giving an order. I would use &lt;code&gt;podrías avisarme&lt;/code&gt; instead because it's more passive. It's the exact same difference that exists between &lt;code&gt;Tell me this&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Could you tell me this?&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="448" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:21:49.063" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:21:49.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1610" CreationDate="2012-01-19T22:34:42.513" Score="5" ViewCount="11515" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English word &quot;challenge&quot; can be translated to Spanish as &lt;em&gt;desafío&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;desafiar&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;reto&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;retar&lt;/em&gt;). Is there any difference between these words, or are they exact synonyms? If there is a difference, when is each used, or what is the difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:53:16.703" Title="challenge: desafío vs. reto" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1611" CreationDate="2012-01-19T22:46:05.163" Score="4" ViewCount="4137" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;code&gt;esperar&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. &lt;code&gt;Estoy esperándolo.&lt;/code&gt;) can be used in at least three senses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to wait for&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to hope&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to expect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, these all mean very different things: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm waiting for you to arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I hope you will arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm expecting you to arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to distinguish which of the three is meant by &lt;code&gt;esperar&lt;/code&gt; other than context? Are there any other ways in Spanish to express these three English senses that is less ambiguous than &lt;code&gt;esperar&lt;/code&gt;, when you want to make clear that you mean one as opposed to the others (for example, a boss telling an employee, &lt;code&gt;I expect you to be here by 9am sharp!&lt;/code&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:27.753" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T18:25:13.157" Title="esperar: wait vs. hope vs. expect" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1520" CreationDate="2012-01-19T22:48:29.120" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are pretty much synonyms, so there is no specific situations where you should use one instead of the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T22:48:29.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1521" CreationDate="2012-01-20T02:34:11.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you think about these words as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;To wait --&amp;gt; Esperar&#xA;Hope --&amp;gt; Esperanza    &#xA;Expectation --&amp;gt; Expectativa&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could translate your examples as so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'm waiting for you to arrive.&quot;--&gt;&#xA;  Estoy esperando que llegues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I hope you will arrive.&quot;--&gt;&#xA;  Tengo la esperanza de que llegues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'm expecting you to arrive.&quot;--&gt;&#xA;  Tengo la expectativa de que llegues (a tiempo por una vez en tu vida)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T18:25:13.157" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T18:25:13.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1526" CreationDate="2012-01-20T02:55:17.530" Score="8" ViewCount="981" Body="&lt;p&gt;A random question,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English I use words like '&lt;strong&gt;bloody&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;damn&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;darn&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;blimmin&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;bleedin&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;freaking&lt;/strong&gt;', to express frustration without using harsh swear words. (Ok maybe 'freaking' is just a spin on a swear word to make it sound less harsh)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;You took your &lt;strong&gt;bloody&lt;/strong&gt; time!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I can't find the &lt;strong&gt;blimmin&lt;/strong&gt; TV remote!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Im pretty &lt;strong&gt;damn&lt;/strong&gt; hungry!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there an equivalent ways to express frustration without using really harsh swear words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that these words are very region dependent but is there a common word that is widely accepted in most regions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are really common colloquialisms in English (at least where I live). You also hear them often in movies or TV shows when people want to avoid using harsh swear words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:07:12.910" Title="Translation of &quot;bloody&quot; etc. for frustration (colloquialisms)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1540" CreationDate="2012-01-20T04:35:16.040" Score="4" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Nicaragua, when children are playing tag, &amp;quot;to be it&amp;quot; is expressed using what is apparently the verb &lt;em&gt;landarse&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pablo se landa.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; Pablo's it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me lando yo.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; I'm it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find &lt;em&gt;landar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;landarse&lt;/em&gt; in the RAE dictionary, on WordReference, or in my &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del Español de Nicaragua&lt;/em&gt; published by the Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua. Maybe I've been hearing the word wrong? What word are they using, and why can't I find it in any dictionary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T15:31:43.127" Title="What is the verb landarse (to be it in a game of tag)?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1524" CreationDate="2012-01-20T08:39:14.517" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here it goes some light words for it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maldito / maldita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condenado/ condenada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;puñetero / puñetera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dichoso / dichosa&lt;/strong&gt;  (thanks to MikMik)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this other one which is stronger. It is considered a swearword.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &lt;strong&gt;jodido / jodida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them are adjectives and &lt;strong&gt;are usually used before a noun&lt;/strong&gt; (not after it), e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apaga la &lt;strong&gt;maldita&lt;/strong&gt; televisión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think all of them are quite international, but if not comments are welcome to correct it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:07:12.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2012-01-20T15:00:57.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, films and other shows are dubbed in &quot;neutral&quot; Castillian, i.e. with no evident regional accent. As Javi says in a comment, that's mostly what's used in the center and North of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, when the film has a character whose accent in the original is important to the plot, they use a &quot;not-so-neutral&quot; accent, e.g. for Scottish people in the USA, or some Mid-Western with strong accent in NYC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when there's a character from Latin America, even if he speaks in English in the film, they dub him in some Latin American Spanish (probably, because the accent was identifiable in the original). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, what's in Spanish in the original is left as is, but there are notable exceptions, where they dub it to show that the character was not speaking his own language (e.g. in &lt;em&gt;Terminator 2&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hasta la vista, baby&quot; was dubbed as &quot;sayonara, baby&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, even films where the characters speak different languages and that fact is central to the plot, e.g &lt;em&gt;Vicky, Cristina, Barcelona&lt;/em&gt;, are dubbed to all-Spanish, [rant] and they all end up looking like idiots, because they don't understand each other even if they are speaking the same language [/end of rant]. A notable exception to this is &lt;em&gt;Spanglish&lt;/em&gt; which we saw here in its original version, with subtitles for the parts in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding cartoons and animation films, many used to be dubbed in America (Mexico, I guess). In fact, all Disney Classics up to &lt;em&gt;The Little Mermaid&lt;/em&gt; were dubbed in America. It was the same with Warner Bros., Hannah-Barbera, etc. The new reissues of those films are being redubbed into Castillian, which curiously enough, makes them sound a bit weird now, after having seen them always in American Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that's more or less how things are in Spain regarding dubbing. I can't speak about the Americas, since I don't know anything about their media markets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T15:00:57.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1533" CreationDate="2012-01-20T17:38:56.350" Score="2" ViewCount="19441" Body="&lt;p&gt;What verbs in Spanish are used to express the concept of &quot;getting ready&quot; or &quot;getting dressed&quot; (for example, before leaving the house to go out to dinner)? I've seen &lt;em&gt;alistarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;arreglarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;prepararse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;disponerse&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;aprontarse&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference between these words? Are they all used in different regions, or do they actually imply different things? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:25.163" Title="Ways to express &quot;to get ready&quot; or &quot;to get dressed&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1532" CreationDate="2012-01-20T17:44:36.607" Score="3" ViewCount="640" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Bible has several books in multiple parts (e.g. 1 Corintios, 2 Pedro, 3 Juan). How are these books said out loud? For example, is 1 Pedro pronounced &lt;em&gt;Primer de Pedro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Primero de Pedro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Primera de Pedro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pedro Uno&lt;/em&gt;, or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T18:51:12.537" Title="How are &quot;first&quot; and &quot;second&quot; books of the Bible pronounced?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1535" CreationDate="2012-01-20T17:49:56.377" Score="3" ViewCount="7877" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/812/rules-applied-to-the-separation-of-syllables&quot;&gt;Rules applied to the separation of syllables&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diphthongs (or triphthongs) are sets of two or three vowels that are pronounced as a single syllable as opposed to being separated into two. How do you determine which vowel pairs form diphthongs and which don't? Is there a rule, or do the individual pairs need to be memorized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T10:01:59.390" Title="When do two vowels in Spanish form a diphthong?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-01-22T05:14:50.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1530" CreationDate="2012-01-20T18:18:00.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once I posted an answer about calculating syllables in Spanish, the question was &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/812/rules-applied-to-the-separation-of-syllables/813#813&quot;&gt;Rules applied to the separation of syllables&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100865/syllables-how-to-divide-a-word-in-spanish-by-lazarus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guide&lt;/a&gt; stated that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A diphthong is a single syllables having two vowels. It must be an unstressed closed vowel (i, u) and an open vowel (a, e, o), or two closed vowels. The possible combinations are ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou, ia, ie, io, ua, ue, uo, iu and ui. There is always more stress on the open vowel, or if there are two closed ones, the second one. Diphthongs with two closed vowels are often pronounced separately, but orthographically they are considered as one syllable. A h between vowels doesn't make any difference.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Emphasis mine.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T18:18:00.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1529" CreationDate="2012-01-20T18:51:12.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Old Testament: All of them are &quot;Libro de...&quot; except for &quot;El Cantar de los Cantares&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Books named after someone (ex: Job) While talking about it you would say &quot;El Libro de Job&quot; but if you are locating a reading or a quote you could say &quot;Job 26:7&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other titles depends, some of them are usually referred as &quot;Libro de...&quot; (éxodo, reyes...) and others just by the name (Génesis, Levítico, Deutoronomio...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New Testament:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Gospels: &quot;Evangelio según  San...&quot;, if you want to quote them it's usual &quot; En Lucas X:X...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acts is &quot;Hechos de los Apóstoles&quot;, &quot;Hechos&quot; for short.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Epistles: &quot;X Carta de San... a ...&quot; for example &quot;Primera carta de San Pablo a los Corintios&quot; for short &quot;Primera a los Corintios&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Revelation: &quot;Apocalipsis según San Juan&quot; &quot;Libro del Apocalipsis&quot; for short &quot;Apocalipsis&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T18:51:12.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1528" CreationDate="2012-01-20T19:10:09.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;All these words are used in any Spanish-speaking country but they are not synonyms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alistarse&lt;/code&gt; is used to indicate that you are &lt;code&gt;getting ready&lt;/code&gt; but is also used in the context of &lt;code&gt;getting dressed&lt;/code&gt;. You can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=alistar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE's entry for alistar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preparar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Alistar&lt;/code&gt;, for example, have different meanings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me voy a preparar para el examen&lt;/code&gt; ≠ &lt;code&gt;Me voy a alistar para el examen&lt;/code&gt;. The first sentence indicates that you are going to prepare (by studying) for the exam. The second sentence means that you are getting ready to take the exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aprontarse&lt;/code&gt; means doing something without delay: &lt;code&gt;Me voy a aprontar a terminar el informe.&lt;/code&gt; but I'd prefer &lt;code&gt;Me voy a afanar a terminar el informe.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion: &lt;code&gt;go get dressed&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Vístete&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Go get ready&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Alístate&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-20T19:59:45.850" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T19:59:45.850" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1528" CreationDate="2012-01-20T19:14:16.557" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Getting ready&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;prepararse&lt;/code&gt; (for do something). You can use &lt;code&gt;arreglarse&lt;/code&gt; but has a little difference; when you dress with your best suit (for be handsome/pretty).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;getting dressed&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;vestirse&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alistarse&lt;/code&gt; is used, for example, &lt;code&gt;Alistarse en la marina&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;join the Navy&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Disponer&lt;/code&gt; has differentes meanings, but in this context, is similar to &lt;code&gt;getting ready&lt;/code&gt; (but not used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aprontarse&lt;/code&gt; is Prevention, have promptly. As &lt;code&gt;disponer&lt;/code&gt; it's not a tipical word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:21:25.163" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:21:25.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1530" CreationDate="2012-01-20T20:09:38.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an orthographic rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; are strong vowels, &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; are weak vowels. &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; is like &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There can be only one strong vowel in a syllable, they never combine into a diphthong. &lt;em&gt;ca-os, le-ón, le-er&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a strong and a weak vowel are next to each other (or separated by &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;) they form a diphthong. &lt;em&gt;Eu-ro-pa, hia-to, rei-na&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are cases when a strong vowel is next to &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; weak vowels. In that case, they also form a diphthong. &lt;em&gt;Pa-ra-guay, U-ru-guay&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;iu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; are also diphthongs. The second of the pair is the stronger, ie &lt;em&gt;viuda&lt;/em&gt; where the &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; is predominant, &lt;em&gt;Luis and Suiza&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is stronger.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But when a weak vowel is in its own syllable, &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; the stress of the word falls on it, it gets an acute accent and the diphthong is broken. &lt;em&gt;ca-í-do, sa-ú-co, rí-e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these are orthographic rules. They consider that a diphthong is any combination of letters that follow that rules, regardless of actual pronunciation. For example, people say &lt;em&gt;cli-en-te&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;dien-te&lt;/em&gt;, but you wouldn't know that just by reading the words. Before, you could put an accent on the stressed syllable of some words, to show the lack of diphthong: &lt;em&gt;pié&lt;/em&gt; (I tweeted) vs. &lt;em&gt;pie&lt;/em&gt; (foot), &lt;em&gt;enduído&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;ruido&lt;/em&gt;, but the new rules don't allow that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to wrap it up: follow the orthographic rules and you'll know when there is a diphthong, but there'll be some false positives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2019-04-21T10:01:59.390" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T10:01:59.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1524" CreationDate="2012-01-21T02:18:12.123" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, &lt;em&gt;pinche&lt;/em&gt; is quite common:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Apaga la pinche televisión!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T02:18:12.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1528" CreationDate="2012-01-21T03:29:08.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is valid for Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to get ready: &lt;em&gt;preparar&lt;/em&gt;; to get oneself ready: &lt;em&gt;prepararse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to get dressed: &lt;em&gt;vestir&lt;/em&gt;: to get oneself dressed: &lt;em&gt;vestirse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get that report ready by tomorrow, please: &lt;em&gt;Por favor, prepara ese informe para mañana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I got dressed as soon as I could: &lt;em&gt;Me vestí tan pronto como pude&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, verbs of the form &quot;to get x&quot; applied to oneself are constructed in Spanish reflexively, using the &quot;-se&quot; suffix in infinitive or the corresponding object pronoun when conjugating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T03:29:08.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1541" CreationDate="2012-01-21T14:19:31.123" Score="5" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to store.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eat dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would this be written in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T15:41:50.830" Title="How do you write task lists in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1542" CreationDate="2012-01-21T14:55:02.233" Score="9" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;This English sentence is ambiguous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He ate his food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;his&lt;/em&gt; can refer to the &lt;em&gt;He&lt;/em&gt; at the start, or another man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él comió su comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the ambiguity still remain or does &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; always refer to the &lt;em&gt;Él&lt;/em&gt;. If ambiguous, is this the proper way to resolve the ambiguity?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él comió su propia comida. (his own)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él comió comida de otra persona. (someone else's)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;propio&lt;/em&gt; is now &lt;em&gt;propia&lt;/em&gt; (thank you Javi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="378" LastEditDate="2012-01-21T16:46:14.900" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T09:07:36.800" Title="Reflexive and non-reflexive third person" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1525" CreationDate="2012-01-21T15:31:43.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never heard it in Spain. We use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo &lt;strong&gt;la lleva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo &lt;strong&gt;la tiene&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo &lt;strong&gt;(se) la queda&lt;/strong&gt; (just in the moment he has started to be it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This game is also known in some countries as &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;la anda&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (probably in Nicaragua) and they say &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;la anda&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;to be it&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you misunderstood &amp;quot;Pablo se landa&amp;quot; and they really had said &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Pablo se la anda&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T15:31:43.127" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1538" CreationDate="2012-01-21T15:41:50.830" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the same way as in English, but translating every task. Verbs &lt;strong&gt;usually go in infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ir al almacén.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cenar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Comprar leche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llamar al veterinario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a &lt;strong&gt;shopping list&lt;/strong&gt; then we just put the items without any verb because the verb &quot;comprar&quot; (buy) is understood by the context. And you can add the amount if you want. E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(12 l. de) leche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(4) yogures.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(5 Kg. de) naranjas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T15:41:50.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1539" CreationDate="2012-01-21T15:51:22.220" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ambiguity also exists in spanish. Let's see this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él vive en su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He lives in his house. But which house? His own or someone else's house? You can't know for sure unless you know the full context. That's because the sentence could be the shortened version of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él vive en &lt;strong&gt;la casa de su amigo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we know the full context for example, we can know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Tenemos que llamar a Juan para que vaya a la casa de Carlos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: No es necesario, &lt;strong&gt;él vive en su casa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means that there is no need to call him because he (Juan) lives in Carlos's house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking if there is no more context given then it refers to his/her not someone else's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T09:07:36.800" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T09:07:36.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1524" CreationDate="2012-01-21T18:12:12.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is definitely regional, but many (most?) Spanish countries don't have a problem with using swear words, except in very formal contexts. As an example, we found it silly when they bleep them out in american TV shows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some not-too-hard expressions used in Argentina are &lt;strong&gt;del orto&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;carajo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este auto &lt;strong&gt;del orto&lt;/strong&gt; no quiere arrancar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un calor &lt;strong&gt;del carajo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there are harsher ones, like &lt;strong&gt;de mierda&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;puto/a&lt;/strong&gt;. The latter, when used as an adjective, is equivalent to English's &lt;strong&gt;fucking&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde están las &lt;strong&gt;putas&lt;/strong&gt; llaves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As said before, you might not want to use them with a customer, but you'll definitely hear them on TV, even during the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T05:48:11.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2012-01-22T01:43:40.767" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;An exhaustive list of words in any language is troublesome to impossible to make because of dialectal differences, English not having a regulatory authority like Spanish does (and even with Spanish there are slang words that the RAE doesn't recognize), and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DRAE consists of 83,431 entries &lt;a href=&quot;http://portal.bibliotecasvirtuales.com/foros/%C2%BFcuantas-palabras-existen&quot;&gt;(source)&lt;/a&gt;, while Webster's Third New International Dictionary Unabridged has about 470,000 entries &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/help/faq/total_words.htm&quot;&gt;(source)&lt;/a&gt;. That's a little less than six times as many words, although it should be taken into consideration that there are many regional dialectal and slang words that the RAE is not recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for vocabulary, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/blog/13/1000-words-is-all-you-need-for-spanish&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; claims that the vocabulary of the average Spanish speaker is 10,000 words, but simple conversation only requires 1,000. For English, a question on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.antimoon.com/forum/t10694.htm&quot;&gt;Amazon's Askville&lt;/a&gt; cites a study that claims a conservative estimate of the vocabulary of a college graduate is around 20,000 words, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qgroupplc.com/category/howmanywords&quot;&gt;an ESL company&lt;/a&gt; claims that 15,000 words should be enough to read 98% of texts and that 3,000 words would be enough to get by on at minimum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while English might have many times more words than Spanish does (or at least the &quot;official&quot; version that the RAE records), the vocabulary for English is on the whole much larger. That doesn't necessarily mean that Spanish is less &quot;expressive&quot;, though; while it certainly might be more verbose sometimes, people will always find a way to say what they want to say, and they'll coin a word if they don't have one to use. (In fact, English's judicious use of loanwords might be one reason its vocabulary is so massive.) And all languages are constantly changing as the people and culture changes too, so in a few years it could very well be that the information provided here is outdated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-22T04:43:22.930" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T04:43:22.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1546" CreationDate="2012-01-22T06:49:14.880" Score="6" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an English example where someone is referring to a man as a turtle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That turtle is slow. He is angry because he will not win. (calling that man a turtle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the referenced subject is male (&lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;), but the word used is female (&lt;em&gt;tortuga&lt;/em&gt;). How are the adjectives &lt;em&gt;slow&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;angry&lt;/em&gt; affected by this? Would they:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both be male&lt;/strong&gt;  because he is a man&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both be female&lt;/strong&gt; because the word used is female (in this case, would the second pronoun be female?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be of different genders&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Slow&lt;/em&gt; would be female because the subject of the first sentence is female, but &lt;em&gt;angry&lt;/em&gt; would be male because the subject is a pronoun referencing the man directly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In other words, which of these is correct*:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tortuga está &lt;strong&gt;lento&lt;/strong&gt;. Él está &lt;strong&gt;enfadado&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tortuga está &lt;strong&gt;lenta&lt;/strong&gt;. Él está &lt;strong&gt;enfadada&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tortuga está &lt;strong&gt;lenta&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Ella&lt;/strong&gt; está &lt;strong&gt;enfadada&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tortuga está &lt;strong&gt;lenta&lt;/strong&gt;. Él está &lt;strong&gt;enfadada&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bet is on the 3rd example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Unless my grammar is off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T11:34:42.313" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T11:34:42.313" Title="Using female nouns to refer to males, how are adjectives affected?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1545" CreationDate="2012-01-22T15:39:11.813" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE explains this is the section &amp;quot;b&amp;quot; of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=g%E9nero2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entry&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivos epicenos&lt;/strong&gt;. Son los que, designando seres animados, tienen&#xA;una forma única, a la que corresponde un solo género gramatical, para&#xA;referirse, indistintamente, a individuos de uno u otro sexo. En este&#xA;caso, el género gramatical es independiente del sexo del referente.&#xA;Hay epicenos masculinos (personaje, vástago, tiburón, lince) y&#xA;epicenos femeninos (persona, víctima, hormiga, perdiz). &lt;strong&gt;La&#xA;concordancia debe establecerse siempre en función del género&#xA;gramatical del sustantivo epiceno, y no en función del sexo del&#xA;referente&lt;/strong&gt;; así, debe decirse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;víctima&lt;/strong&gt;, un &lt;strong&gt;hombre&lt;/strong&gt; joven, fue &lt;strong&gt;trasladada&lt;/strong&gt; al hospital más cercano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La víctima, un hombre joven, fue trasladado al hospital más cercano * (Incorrecto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de los &lt;strong&gt;epicenos de animal&lt;/strong&gt;, se añade la especificación macho o&#xA;hembra cuando se desea hacer explícito el sexo del referente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;orca macho&lt;/strong&gt; permanece cerca de la rompiente [...], &lt;strong&gt;zarandeada&lt;/strong&gt; por las aguas&#xA;de color verdoso» (Bojorge Aventura [Arg. 1992]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the &lt;strong&gt;adjective should agree the grammatical gender of the name&lt;/strong&gt; even if it has another adjective which indicates it's of a different sex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So probably the best way of saying that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa &lt;strong&gt;tortuga macho&lt;/strong&gt; está &lt;strong&gt;lenta&lt;/strong&gt;. (macho &amp;quot;indicates&amp;quot; it's masculine, but as tortuga is a femenine name it should be in femenine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence can be both of these (depending on what the speaker wants to say):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;Ella&lt;/strong&gt;) está &lt;strong&gt;enfadada&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará (&amp;quot;ella&amp;quot; substitutes &amp;quot;la tortuga&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;Él&lt;/strong&gt;) está &lt;strong&gt;enfadado&lt;/strong&gt; porque no ganará (&amp;quot;él&amp;quot; substitutes &amp;quot;el animal&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;el macho&amp;quot; or any masculine name related)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T15:39:11.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1548" CreationDate="2012-01-22T16:32:22.233" Score="4" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lector - que lee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lector - lo que lee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:14:10.313" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:14:10.313" Title="Why do definitions use 'que' rather than 'lo que'" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1547" CreationDate="2012-01-22T18:32:44.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because it's an adjective. It's not a person or thing; it's the quality of being reading at the moment or having the habit of reading, which you can apply to things o people, as in, I don't know, &quot;el topo lector&quot; (= &quot;el topo que lee&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how adjectives are defined. You can't say that &lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt;, for example, means &quot;lo de color encarnado&quot;, because you would be defining an adjective in terms of a noun. So you say &quot;rojo&quot; means &quot;de color encarnado&quot;. The (sub?) phrases &quot;de color encarnado&quot; and &quot;que lee&quot; have adjectival functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it's true that &quot;lector&quot; is often used as a noun. If you regard it as such, &quot;el que lee&quot; is an adequate definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-01-22T19:45:59.593" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T19:45:59.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1510" CreationDate="2012-01-23T00:56:42.147" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both bed bugs and the insects that spread the protozoan that causes Chagas disease are insects of the order &lt;em&gt;Hemiptera&lt;/em&gt;. Bugs of this order are commonly referred to in Spanish as &lt;em&gt;chinches&lt;/em&gt;, so this is a good name for either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, both bugs are closely related. If you want to differentiate, you can always be specific (or pedantic!) and use their scientific names; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triatominae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Triatominae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (or triatomines) for the Chagas disease vector and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cimex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for bed bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T13:24:25.637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T13:24:25.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1552" CreationDate="2012-01-23T09:24:30.393" Score="10" ViewCount="8082" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic meaning of them all as I understand it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To throw&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disparar&lt;/em&gt; seems to pertain exclusively to shooting or throwing something for the sole purpose of harming (maybe &lt;em&gt;to shoot&lt;/em&gt; is the best translation?). But the difference between the others stump me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general differences between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-24T10:44:00.647" LastActivityDate="2021-05-26T20:00:23.897" Title="&quot;Echar&quot; vs &quot;tirar&quot; vs &quot;lanzar&quot; vs &quot;arrojar&quot; vs &quot;disparar&quot; (to throw)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1553" CreationDate="2012-01-23T09:47:13.317" Score="2" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other than &lt;em&gt;juicio&lt;/em&gt;, which has the additional meaning of a legal trial, these words all have to do with wisdom, judgement, and/or sense, as I understand it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what ways are they different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="378" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T10:51:12.973" Title="cordura vs sensatez vs juicio vs sabiduría" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1550" CreationDate="2012-01-23T10:57:25.203" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of them have numerous meanings in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but just looking at the first ones listed can tell you some of the differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to let something go with a little impulse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and can also mean &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to fire someone&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirar/lanzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; with some subtle differences means &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to throw something with intention and strength or even violence&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. (Please be aware that the reflexive &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Spain is slang and can be said as &amp;quot;tirarse a alguien&amp;quot; (having sexual intercourse with someone/no serious relationship implied) or &amp;quot;tirarse el rollo&amp;quot; (to talk highly about oneself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arrojar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is kind of regional and is, generally, a synonym of both &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;disparar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to shoot&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I&amp;quot;m letting the RAE meanings represent the main differences between the verbs, but I recommend you consult it for a complete definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(Del lat. iactāre).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que algo vaya a parar a alguna parte, dándole impulso. Echar mercancías al mar Echar basura a la calle (from RAE.es)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Despedir de sí algo. Echar olor, sangre, chispas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que algo caiga en sitio determinado. Echar dinero en un saco Echar una carta al buzón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer salir a alguien de algún lugar, apartarle con violencia, por desprecio, castigo, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Deponer a alguien de su empleo o dignidad, impidiéndole el ejercicio de ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(De or. inc.).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dejar caer intencionadamente algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Arrojar, lanzar en dirección determinada. Juan tiraba piedras a Diego&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Derribar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Echar abajo, demoler y trastornar, poner lo de arriba, abajo. Tirar una casa, un árbol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Desechar algo, deshacerse de ello. Esta camisa está para tirarla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Disparar la carga de un arma de fuego, o un artificio explosivo. Tirar un cañonazo, un cohete. U. t. c. intr. Tirar al alto, al blanco, a un venado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Estirar o extender&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lanzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(Del lat. lanceāre).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. arrojar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Soltar, dejar libre. U. m. en la volatería, referido a las aves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Promover la rápida difusión de algo nuevo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dar, proferir, exhalar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrojar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: a synonym of both &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lanzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (see RAE.es)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disparar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to shoot&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2021-05-26T20:00:23.897" LastActivityDate="2021-05-26T20:00:23.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1551" CreationDate="2012-01-23T11:06:00.320" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cordura, sensatez and juicio can be (and are) used as synonyms according to RAE, but in everyday speaking (this is my view on the matter):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cordura:&lt;/strong&gt; Sanity (opposed to madness)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sensatez:&lt;/strong&gt; sense (opposed to imprudent)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juicio:&lt;/strong&gt; Kind of old-fashioned, but used in sentences like &quot;Has perdido el juicio?&quot; (Have you lost your mind?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sabiduría&lt;/strong&gt; means Wisdom and can be used as a synonym of the other words&#xA;  but usually is understood as a person with lot of &lt;strong&gt;knowledge&lt;/strong&gt;, academic&#xA;  or any other kind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-01-24T10:51:12.973" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T10:51:12.973" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1554" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1556" CreationDate="2012-01-23T15:24:39.403" Score="2" ViewCount="17787" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the meaning of the mexican expression &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me choca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it used in any other regions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca que cuando estoy dormido suene el teléfono y me despierte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca tener que ir a misa todos los domingos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca que siempre me des la contra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú me chocas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres una persona chocante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-01-23T19:08:36.780" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T19:08:36.780" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;me choca&quot; expression?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1554" CreationDate="2012-01-23T16:32:51.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=chocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, among the other meanings, it has &amp;quot;causar extrañeza o enfado&amp;quot;, which is the one related to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in your cases it can be translated as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me choca que cuando estoy dormido suene el teléfono y me despierte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It bothers me/it makes me angry/it annoys me&lt;/strong&gt; that when I'm sleeping, the phone rings and it wakes me up.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about where it's more used, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=chocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference.com&lt;/a&gt; states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Col, Méx, Ven fam) (irritar, molestar) (+ me/te/le etc) to annoy, bug (colloq);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T17:38:38.810" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1554" CreationDate="2012-01-23T17:22:03.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chocar&lt;/em&gt; literally means &quot;to crash.&quot;  For example, it's used to describe an unexpected meeting between two automobiles.  Colloquially, it means to clash or annoy.  Someone acting obnoxious or confrontational is frequently described (at least in Argentina, where I learned the language) as &lt;em&gt;chocante&lt;/em&gt;.  So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca que cuando estoy dormido suene el teléfono y me despierte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It annoys me when I'm sleeping and the phone rings and wakes me up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca tener que ir a misa todos los domingos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having to go to Mass every Sunday bugs me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me choca que siempre me des la contra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't like how you always contradict me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú me chocas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You bother me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="455" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T17:22:03.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1573" CreationDate="2012-01-23T17:37:30.997" Score="2" ViewCount="654" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English there are several idioms or phrases that describe being in the midst of a very difficult situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in a pickle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in a quandary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in a predicament&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in between a rock and a hard place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would the meaning of these English phrases be best translated to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T14:44:56.457" Title="Translation of &quot;in a pickle&quot; and related phrases" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1558" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-23T17:44:01.547" Score="2" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;When explaining that something won't happen soon, English uses expressions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will be a while until ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will be a while before ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will be a long time until ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will be quite some time before ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural translation of sentences like these into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T20:19:45.293" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T00:40:25.603" Title="Translation of &quot;It will be a while before/until...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1560" CreationDate="2012-01-23T17:55:05.280" Score="3" ViewCount="1342" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;to settle in&quot; describes what someone does after moving in to a new place or returning from a long vacation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I just got back, I'm still settling in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We moved last week! It will be a couple weeks until we're all settled in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does this concept translate to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T19:51:13.203" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T19:51:13.203" Title="Translation of &quot;settling in&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1559" CreationDate="2012-01-23T18:12:01.563" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asentar(se)&lt;/strong&gt; seems the most apt word to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just got back, I'm still settling in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recién regresé, todavía me estoy asentando. (or: estoy asentándome).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other related words: &lt;strong&gt;aclimatar(se)&lt;/strong&gt; (to adapt to new environments), &lt;strong&gt;adaptar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;  (to adapt, in general), &lt;strong&gt;acomodar(se)&lt;/strong&gt; (to make yourself confortable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T22:29:37.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1558" CreationDate="2012-01-23T18:16:20.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomará un tiempo hasta que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevará un tiempo hasta que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;un&quot; is sometimes  omitted here, or replaced by &quot;algún&quot;, or &quot;bastante&quot;, or &quot;considerable&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T18:16:20.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1559" CreationDate="2012-01-23T18:25:34.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd translate it as &lt;strong&gt;acomodándome&lt;/strong&gt;. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I just got back, I'm still settling in. --&gt; Acabé de regresar, todavía&#xA;  me estoy acomodando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We moved last week! It will be a couple weeks until we're all settled&#xA;  in. --&gt; ¡Nos pasamos la semana pasada!  Serán un par de semanas más&#xA;  hasta que terminemos de acomodarnos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T18:25:34.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1563" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1574" CreationDate="2012-01-23T19:03:09.067" Score="4" ViewCount="5970" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if a bad situation seems imminent but is finally avoided, we might reply with an interjection like &quot;Thank goodness!&quot; or &quot;Whew!&quot;. I know &quot;Thank goodness!&quot; has several possible translations at the beginning of a sentence, but I'm thinking of it being used as a standalone interjection. What is typically said in Spanish in situations like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T09:17:33.733" Title="Translation of &quot;thank goodness&quot; or &quot;whew!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1580" CreationDate="2012-01-23T19:15:49.607" Score="3" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;parece que&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pareciera que&lt;/em&gt;? How are both normally translated? What tenses can be used after &lt;em&gt;pareciera que&lt;/em&gt;, and in general how is &lt;em&gt;pareciera&lt;/em&gt; used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:36:07.763" Title="What is the difference between parece and pareciera?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1570" CreationDate="2012-01-23T21:31:21.650" Score="2" ViewCount="4121" Body="&lt;p&gt;English describes landforms that rise above the surrounding land as &quot;mountains&quot; or &quot;hills.&quot; What words in Spanish describe a mountain or a hill? What are the differences between them (i.e. what size mountain gets classified as which word)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the words in alphabetical order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cerro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;colina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;collado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cordillera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;montaña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;monte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;otero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sierra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T10:40:41.260" Title="Words for mountain/hill" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-01-24T01:36:24.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1569" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:17:41.747" Score="5" ViewCount="2874" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most idiomatic translation of &quot;how often&quot; into Spanish in questions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often do the buses stop here?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often does it rain in November?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often do you get headaches?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often do flights get cancelled at this airport?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dictionary translation is &lt;em&gt;con que frecuencia&lt;/em&gt;, but is that the only way to translate &quot;how often&quot;? Are questions like this in Spanish usually structured like their English equivalents, or are questions reworded to avoid the sense of &quot;how often&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T03:11:17.963" Title="Translation of &quot;how often&quot; questions" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1568" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:22:16.340" Score="4" ViewCount="11978" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when making a polite request, it's common to say &quot;take your time&quot; (to tell the other person there's no need to rush). What is the most natural translation of this into Spanish? Is this phrase as common in Spanish as in English, or are there other ways to express the same thought (telling someone not to rush and worry about something you've requested of them)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T16:38:00.373" Title="Translation of &quot;take your time&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1567" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:34:41.360" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost literal, and natural, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tómate tu tiempo  (or, with 'usted' treatment: &amp;quot;Tómese su tiempo&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even more natural, for me (I'm from Argentina) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No hay apuro&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sin apuro&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(no need to hurry)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T22:34:41.360" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1566" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:42:30.653" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con qué frecuencia...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is just right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some alternative rewordings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cada cuántos minutos pasa el bus?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cada cuánto (tiempo) pasa el bus?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo son de frecuentes tus jaquecas? (or more correct: &amp;quot;¿Qué tan frecuentes son tus jaquecas?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la frecuencia de lluvias durante noviembre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán frecuentemente se cancelan los vuelos...? (slightly ugly)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T22:57:45.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:51:10.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are all words that you can use for mountains. Some have slightly different uses than others. The distinction between a hill and a mountain I would say is the same as English (correct me if I'm wrong)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Montaña - Mountain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lone mountain&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Monte - Mount&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in &lt;em&gt;'Monte Everest'&lt;/em&gt; (You wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;'Montaña Everest'&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerro - Hill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in El Cerro de los Siete Colores ( In Argentina =P )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sierra - Mountain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mountain that is part of a mountain range&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cordillera - Mountain range&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty self explanatory, a range of mountains&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T22:51:10.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2012-01-23T22:55:36.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of terms, with varying and imprecise meanings. From bigger to smaller:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;montaña  (mountain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cerro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;monte  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;colina  (hill)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;loma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and there are others (collado, otero, sierra...)&#xA;The ordering is debatable (specially between cerro-monte, and colina-loma). &quot;Colina&quot; usually also implies green pastures. And, confusingly, &quot;monte&quot; also means a small forest (this meaning is slightly more usual in Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T22:55:36.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1566" CreationDate="2012-01-24T01:44:15.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another alternative is &lt;em&gt;cuán seguido&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán seguido pasan los buses aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán seguido llueve en noviembre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán seguido tienes jaqueca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán seguido se cancelan los vuelos en este aeropuerto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;em&gt;cuán a menudo&lt;/em&gt;, with the same usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T03:11:17.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1557" CreationDate="2012-01-24T01:49:04.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en un aprieto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en un apuro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en una situación comprometida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entre la espada y la pared (for the last one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't know for sure how the nuances of these expressions correspond to the one in yours (since I'm not that familiar with them). However, the last ones in your list and mine clearly correspond.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option (which might correspond nicely to the &amp;quot;dilemma&amp;quot; aspect) is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en una encrucijada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T01:49:04.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1563" CreationDate="2012-01-24T01:57:40.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A usual translation for the interjection &quot;Whew!&quot; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Fiu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these situations it is common to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué alivio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also common to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me salvé por un pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Uruguay we say also &quot;En el anca de un piojo&quot; but I don't know if this is common elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to express how close to the bad situation we had come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Thank goodness&quot; might also be &quot;Gracias a Dios&quot;, but this may have a religious component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common verb is &quot;zafar&quot;. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El profesor estaba interrogando alumnos al azar, pero yo zafé por estar en una esquinita, medio oculto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T01:57:40.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-24T03:07:42.173" Score="6" ViewCount="1305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that both 'estar ansioso de' and 'estar ansioso por' mean to be excited for something or looking forward to it, but how do I decide which one to use? Do the two have slightly different meanings? Are any other preposition ever used instead of 'de' and 'por' in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T16:52:46.760" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:41:00.640" Title="What's the difference between &quot;estar ansioso de&quot; and &quot;estar ansioso por&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1575" CreationDate="2012-01-24T05:43:49.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;de&quot; and &quot;por&quot; can be used. I'm not sure if both of them are gramatically correct, but they are used in regular spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly, I think &quot;por&quot; sounds better (and it's also more used in Peru). It kinda answers the implicit question &lt;em&gt;¿por qué estás ansioso?&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estás ansioso? (&lt;em&gt;Why are you anxious?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy ansioso por mi examen de manejo. (&lt;em&gt;I'm anxious about my driving test.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds better than &quot;Estoy ansioso de mi examen ...&quot;, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="400" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T18:33:10.077" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T18:33:10.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1563" CreationDate="2012-01-24T09:17:33.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to Bruno's answer you can say these aswell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias al cielo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Menos mal!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Uf!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and for some humor we say sometimes this in Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me salvé por un pelo de rana calva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation would be &lt;strong&gt;I saved myself by the hair of a bald frog&lt;/strong&gt;. Since frogs have no hair, a bald frog would have even less hair. So he saved himself by so little!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T09:17:33.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1575" CreationDate="2012-01-24T10:24:29.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=ansioso&quot;&gt;According to RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;they can both be used interchangeably&lt;/strong&gt;, but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if what follows is a noun, normally &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if what follows is a sentence, any of them can be used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T10:24:29.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1564" CreationDate="2012-01-24T11:57:51.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tiempo condicional o pospretérito se suele usar por cortesía o para expresar opinión o probabilidad. Por ejemplo, “me gustaría” en vez de “me gusta”, “querría” en vez de “quiero”, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, el tiempo condicional suele conjugarse como el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo. Mucha gente dice “quisiera pedirle un favor” en vez de “querría ...”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combinando ambos, tenemos que “parecería que” o “pareciera que” es una variante menos asertiva de “parece que”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T11:57:51.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1564" CreationDate="2012-01-24T14:21:32.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parece que&lt;/strong&gt;  &amp;mdash;  &lt;strong&gt;It appears that&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pareciera que&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;mdash; &lt;strong&gt;It would appear that&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it's used to make sentence less assertive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-24T17:36:07.763" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:36:07.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-24T23:34:44.797" Score="9" ViewCount="38944" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far the only way I know to say &quot;I'm sorry&quot; is &quot;lo siento.&quot; However, this gets repetitive rather quickly, and sometimes I'm looking for a stronger form of an apology. What other ways are there to apologize in spanish? If you are apologizing for an extremely terrible thing you've done, would you use a different phrase? How do native speakers apologize or convey regret for things they've done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T16:51:41.397" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T21:34:04.563" Title="How can we say &quot;I'm sorry&quot; apart from &quot;lo siento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2012-01-25T00:26:36.280" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well at least in Mexico is not common to say &quot;lo siento&quot; instead we say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;perdón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for apologizing. The only part that I've heard &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo siento&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is in &lt;strong&gt;movies&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;telenovelas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A stronger version of &quot;perdón&quot; is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;perdóname&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;discúlpame&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. You can add &quot;&lt;strong&gt;por favor&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdóname por haberte mentido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor perdóname. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdón por no haber hecho caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Discúlpame por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T01:43:05.530" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T01:43:05.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2012-01-25T14:44:32.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, we just emphasize &quot;Lo siento&quot; (or &quot;lo lamento&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento muchísimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alfredo's alternatives are also ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T14:44:32.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1586" CreationDate="2012-01-25T14:56:43.997" Score="7" ViewCount="6909" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words “amar” and “querer” &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=querer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to RAE&lt;/a&gt; are synonyms; however, in Colombia, at least, “amar” is considered a stronger feeling, a highest level of love, if you can say that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I can tell a good friend of mine “te quiero mucho” but I never tell my daughter “te quiero”. I either tell her “te amo” or “te adoro”. Conversely, I don't tell my good  friend “te amo”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example: When you are starting a relationship with a girl, you start telling her “te quiero” and as time goes by and your feelings start to grow stronger, you start telling her “te amo”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding “&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0og1X0g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adorar&lt;/a&gt;”, RAE does indicate that “adorar” is a stronger feeling than “amar”: &lt;em&gt;3. tr. Amar con extremo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my two questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In your country, is the word “amar” also considered a higher level of love (for lack of a better description) compared to “querer”?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assuming it does, how would you say “te amo” in English? (I only know “I love you” but I feel that it lacks something...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-09-23T20:54:28.863" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T20:54:28.863" Title="What is the difference among &quot;querer&quot;, &quot;amar&quot; and &quot;adorar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1584" CreationDate="2012-01-25T15:10:08.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain &quot;amar&quot; (at least in my area - Mallorca) is nearly out of use and we use &quot;querer&quot; for all the situations you proposed, if you want to emphasize you add &quot;mucho&quot; or &quot;muchísimo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero mucho a mis hijos &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero a mis amigos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Adorar&quot; is used as &quot;amar in extremo&quot; but never seriously, always ironically or with sarcasm or joking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Te quiero, te adoro, te compro un loro&quot; (I love you, I adore you, I'm buying you a parrot) it's a &quot;usual&quot; joke.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another example could be someone after joking or beig clumsy or... &quot;pero me quieres igual&quot; (But you love me anyway) &quot;Sí, te adoro&quot; (Yes, I adore you).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T15:53:33.840" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T15:53:33.840" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1584" CreationDate="2012-01-25T16:18:14.960" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In connection to Laura's answer, I don't think that &quot;amar&quot; is nearly out of use in Spain. It does belong to a different register of speech, though, than &quot;querer&quot;. For example, when I talk with my wife, I tell her &quot;te quiero&quot;, but rarely (possibly never) &quot;te amo&quot;. &quot;Querer&quot; belongs to colloquial speech, whereas &quot;amar&quot; belongs to a more poetic and cultivated register. &quot;Nos amábamos de un modo inexplicable en aquellos días&quot; is a sentence that employs &quot;amar&quot; with clear poetic connotations; you would probably find it in a novel or other literary work rather than hear it in the street.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in summary, and according to my experience, &quot;amar&quot; is alive and kicking in Spain, but not necessarily in everyday's colloquial language. This doesn't mean it's out of use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to &quot;adorar&quot;, again, is a very strong word, and therefore is often used to convey extremely strong feelings or in a poetic or exaggerated setting. One can say colloquially &quot;adoro las manzanas&quot; to express that he/she loves apples &lt;em&gt;a lot&lt;/em&gt;, and this usage is pretty common in Spain from my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T16:18:14.960" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1559" CreationDate="2012-01-25T16:29:38.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;instalarse&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just got back, I'm still settling in. -&gt; Acabo de volver, todavía me estoy instalando.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We moved last week! It will be a couple weeks until we're all settled in. -&gt; ¡Nos mudamos la semana pasada! Necesitaremos un par de semanas para instalarnos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T16:29:38.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1589" CreationDate="2012-01-25T21:04:11.520" Score="7" ViewCount="1476" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was studying Spanish in college the teacher went around the room asking our names and how we had learned the language up to that point. When it came to be my turn I responded with, &quot;Soy Mateo...&quot; The teacher (a Chilean) began to giggle and said that my name meant something along the lines of &quot;head of the class&quot; or &quot;smarty pants.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know the origin of this phrase? Why Mateo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="459" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:02:38.783" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:02:38.783" Title="Where does the alternate meaning for &quot;mateo&quot; come from?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1588" CreationDate="2012-01-25T22:05:52.817" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile, &lt;code&gt;mateo / matea&lt;/code&gt; means someone who studies very often, someone diligent who always does his homework at school or college.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=20&amp;amp;ved=0CHgQFjAJOAo&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onomazein.net%2F23%2F23-05.pdf&amp;amp;ei=I3kgT4z1GOLY0QGwy9y9Dw&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNGjzoaLH71l5JanleIoa2UVUwpY1w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Voces de origen lunfardo en el registro festivo&#xA;del diario chileno La Cuarta&quot; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;/a&gt;, its origin comes from the word &lt;code&gt;mate&lt;/code&gt; which means &lt;code&gt;head&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mate&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp;head  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mateo&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;rarr;&amp;nbsp;someone who uses his head  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;mate&lt;/code&gt; could have its origin from the Quechua &lt;code&gt;máti&lt;/code&gt; which means something like &quot;little pumpkin&quot; (and could probably be related &amp;mdash;in a figurative sense&amp;mdash; to the human head because of its form).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not confuse the many meanings of word &lt;code&gt;mate&lt;/code&gt; here in South America (the regions where they are used have been taken from RAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(coloq. Arg., Bol., Chile y Ur.) &quot;human head&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Arg., Bol., Chile y Ur. ) &quot;the recipient where the infusion called &lt;code&gt;yerba mate&lt;/code&gt; is served/poured&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(coloq. Arg., Bol. y Ur.) &quot;judge&quot;, &quot;talent&quot;, &quot;ability&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Bol. y Perú.) &quot;infusion&quot; or &quot;tea&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1.- Abelardo San Martín Núñez: &quot;Voces de origen lunfardo en el registro festivo&#xA;del diario chileno La Cuarta&quot;, pp 134-135.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-01-26T14:25:28.823" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T14:25:28.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-26T00:38:17.497" Score="9" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two or more nouns are sometimes used consecutively, with the second modifying the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I recently received a mail whose subject was &quot;Honorarios migración.&quot;  This is, I suppose, shorthand for &quot;Honorarios de migración&quot; or, if we're feeling wordy, &quot;Honorarios para el servicio de realizar trámites de migración&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples: at a parking garage: &quot;salida coches.&quot;; spam from an airline: &quot;¡Venta fin de semana!&quot;; signs in my &lt;em&gt;colonia&lt;/em&gt; that read &quot;venta garage.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these usages maybe be due to space constraints, but that clearly isn't the whole story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, first, what is the name of this phenomenon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, is this something you'd ever want to do in formal writing?  If so, under what circumstances?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T02:53:47.240" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T16:34:23.603" Title="Two nouns in a row, or, is it OK to omit &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1590" CreationDate="2012-01-26T02:53:34.883" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of the cases you mentioned is gramatically correct; they should have used &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you suggested, it was removed to make it shorter, since it will be understood anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T02:53:34.883" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1590" CreationDate="2012-01-26T03:31:49.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not grammatical, but it's a case very similar to English headlines: &lt;em&gt;Obama to win elections&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T03:31:49.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1593" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1598" CreationDate="2012-01-26T17:50:40.207" Score="1" ViewCount="4460" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there is a phrase &quot;They don't call me ... for nothing.&quot; (showing that some nickname someone has has been confirmed by something they just did or are about to do). Is there any equivalent expression in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:54:26.477" Title="Translating &quot;They don't call me ... for nothing.&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1597" CreationDate="2012-01-26T17:52:59.533" Score="1" ViewCount="2056" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if someone has already met someone else but later forgets their name, they might ask them something like, &quot;I'm sorry, what was your name again?&quot; (which is less forceful than a blunt &quot;What is your name?&quot;). How would this be expressed in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T22:15:05.630" Title="Translation of &quot;What was your name again?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1595" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-26T17:59:51.207" Score="5" ViewCount="3122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Off the top of my head, I can think of four Spanish translations for the English verb &quot;to break&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quebrar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quebrantar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;partir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what cases can each be used, and what are the differences between these words? Which is the most general-purpose word for &quot;to break&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-05-14T07:58:35.777" Title="Break: romper vs. quebrar vs. quebrantar vs. partir" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1609" CreationDate="2012-01-26T18:03:25.740" Score="1" ViewCount="611" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned that &quot;waste&quot; in English can be translated as &lt;em&gt;desperdiciar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;malgastar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. What is the difference between these two words? Are there any cases where one is correct and the other is wrong? Which is the more general-purpose word for &quot;to waste something&quot;? Are there any other common translations besides those two verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T14:37:14.643" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:05:06.383" Title="waste: desperdiciar vs. malgastar" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1594" CreationDate="2012-01-26T18:09:28.027" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdona/Disculpa, ¿cómo te llamabas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdone/Disculpe, ¿cómo se llamaba? (more formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdona/Disculpa, ¿cúal era tu nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdone/Disculpe, ¿cúal era su nombre? (more formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdona/Disculpa, ¿me puedes decir tu nombre (de nuevo)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdone/Disculpe, ¿me puede decir su nombre de nuevo (de nuevo)? (more formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another ones (thanks Laura)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, no recuerdo tu nombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, ¿Tu nombre era...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T18:52:47.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1593" CreationDate="2012-01-26T18:33:48.393" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are acceptable translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me llaman ... por nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me llaman ... en vano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can use the more idiomatic (in Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por algo me llaman ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T18:33:48.393" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1608" CreationDate="2012-01-26T19:09:39.193" Score="6" ViewCount="28465" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; used interchangeably as translations for the English &quot;to drink.&quot; Is there any difference between the two, or are they exact synonyms when describing drinking a liquid? Are there regional differences in the use of these verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T08:55:20.220" Title="to drink: beber vs. tomar" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1600" CreationDate="2012-01-26T19:43:44.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, at least, &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt; has a connotation of &lt;em&gt;to drink alcoholic beverages&lt;/em&gt;, where as &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; is to drink anything (as well as &lt;em&gt;to take&lt;/em&gt;, in other contexts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same sort phenomenon is observed in English in certain contexts...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you drink?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is clearly meant to mean &quot;Do you consume alcohol?&quot; not &quot;Do you drink anything?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;, or derivatives of it, used to mean non-alcoholic beverages.  The &quot;drinks&quot; section of a menu is often called &lt;em&gt;Bebidas&lt;/em&gt;, for instance, and may contain soft drinks, coffee, and tea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T19:43:44.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1595" CreationDate="2012-01-26T20:31:39.173" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Romper&lt;/em&gt; is the most common and general verb, basically because you can use it to replace all the others except &lt;em&gt;quebrantar&lt;/em&gt; (and still only in some uses) and still keep the meaning of the original sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quebrantar&lt;/em&gt; is usually reserved for laws and rules (in an abstract and non-physical way) and still can be replaced with &lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt;. The only meaning where you cannot use &lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;quebrantar&lt;/em&gt; I can think of right now is when applied to people, in a sense similar to &lt;em&gt;make someone to confess&lt;/em&gt;. You can &lt;em&gt;quebrantar a alguien&lt;/em&gt; but you cannot &lt;em&gt;romper a alguien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For all this, &lt;em&gt;to break&lt;/em&gt; can almost always be translated to &lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt;, but bear in mind that in the simplification you may lose some value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T20:31:39.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1595" CreationDate="2012-01-26T21:33:02.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quebrantar&lt;/code&gt; is often used to indicate that someone has health problems. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María tiene muchos quebrantos de salud, ¡pobre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's incorrect to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María tiene muchas rupturas de salud. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-01-26T21:40:24.310" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T21:40:24.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1600" CreationDate="2012-01-26T23:13:05.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Argentina&lt;/em&gt; I never heard &lt;strong&gt;beber&lt;/strong&gt;, it was always &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;. I could use the word &lt;strong&gt;beber&lt;/strong&gt; but people would look at me a bit weirdly. (No references here, personal experience from living there)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you wanted to ask someone if they drink alcohol, you would ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Che boludo, ¿&lt;strong&gt;tomas&lt;/strong&gt;? - Hey dude, do you drink (alcohol)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learned Spanish a long time ago in school, they taught me that &lt;strong&gt;beber&lt;/strong&gt; is more common in &lt;em&gt;Spain&lt;/em&gt; but I don't have any references for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Random (possibly interesting) side note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The yogurt I bought in a bag in Argentina is called &lt;em&gt;&quot;yogur bebible&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;&quot;yogur tomable&quot;&lt;/em&gt; =P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T23:13:05.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1606" CreationDate="2012-01-27T01:41:58.773" Score="10" ViewCount="4108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Institucionalmente utilizo &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; para referirme a un año. &lt;em&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;26 de Enero de 2012&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, intuitivamente, estoy impulsado a utilizar &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt; en otros contextos. &lt;em&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;26 de Enero del 2012&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="401" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T15:05:06.843" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T15:05:06.843" Title="¿Cuál es la forma correcta de mencionar un año?(de o del)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1605" CreationDate="2012-01-27T05:48:04.777" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes del 2000 era común usar el artículo en fechas del 2000 en adelante. Sin embargo, después del 2000, por alguna razón (¿software de los diarios?) se dejó de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ambas formas son correctas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso la RAE está de acuerdo, en el DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=fecha#4&quot;&gt;artículo “Fecha”, sección 4&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;[...] se recomienda mantener este uso [(sin artículo)] en la datación de cartas y documentos del año 2000 y sucesivos: &lt;i&gt;4 de marzo de 2000&lt;/i&gt;. Esta recomendación no implica que se considere incorrecto, en estos casos, el uso del artículo: &lt;i&gt;4 de marzo del 2000&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T05:48:04.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1600" CreationDate="2012-01-27T08:36:47.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Spain, they are quite different, while &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;beber&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; can be used in a &lt;strong&gt;transitive&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;intransitive&lt;/strong&gt; way, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; can only be used as &lt;strong&gt;transitive&lt;/strong&gt; for that meaning (I know that in America it can be used as a intransitive verb too but it is not used in that way in Spain). So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo&lt;/strong&gt; un zumo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;tomando&lt;/strong&gt; un zumo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;tomando&lt;/strong&gt;. * (Incorrect in Spain, you need to specify what are you drinking: a name or a pronoun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can even used in a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal&lt;/strong&gt; way when they are &lt;strong&gt;transitive&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; estoy &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo&lt;/strong&gt; un zumo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; estoy &lt;strong&gt;tomando&lt;/strong&gt; un zumo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with &amp;quot;Beber&amp;quot; we can ommit what we are saying it often means that you are drinking alcoholic drinks, but it doesn't always mean that, it depends on the context, but if you use it in an intransitive way, people will likely understand that you're spaking about alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;bebes&lt;/strong&gt;, no conduzcas. (Here the context implies that we're referring to alcoholic drinks)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué estás &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo&lt;/strong&gt;? (Here we don't know if it's alcoholic or not)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bebe&lt;/strong&gt; a menudo. (Probably we're talking about a problem with alcohol.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as with &amp;quot;tomar&amp;quot; we say what are we drinking, that confusion is not present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T08:55:20.220" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1596" CreationDate="2012-01-27T08:59:39.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Laura's answer there are some subtilities I'd like to add. Mostly the difference resides on usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gastar comes from spending, spending money, spending time, and so on. So &lt;strong&gt;malgastar&lt;/strong&gt; really means &lt;em&gt;misspending&lt;/em&gt;. Means that you are not spending whatever it is you spend in a effective way. As she said, &lt;strong&gt;malgastar&lt;/strong&gt; is rather not used with ocasión, momento, etc... But it is mostly used with money and time for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more precise, malgastar is rather used when you use the money for something that you don't need and sometimes you are not even interested in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tito es un bobo, malgastó sus ahorros en una máquina de granizados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Andrés malgasta mucho su tiempo jugando runescape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;strong&gt;desperdiciar&lt;/strong&gt; is a little bit more general and sometimes considered as a synonym with &lt;strong&gt;desaprovechar&lt;/strong&gt;, you can use desperdiciar for money, time, food, virtually anything you can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel se sirvió 8 platos en el buffet de ayer pero sólo se comió la mitad de uno... ¡Qué desperdicio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carlos estuvo bañándose por una hora y media. ¡Qué desperdicio de agua!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;desperdiciar&lt;/strong&gt; to be understood as a synonym of &lt;strong&gt;desaprovechar&lt;/strong&gt; the thing that is wasted must be something that you can get or use more effectively. It can be an opportunity or time itself. Desaprovechar literally means &amp;quot;to not take advantage&amp;quot;, to not take advantage of an opportunity or time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps to further explain the differences, and additionally those with desaprovechar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T08:59:39.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1520" CreationDate="2012-01-27T09:17:50.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with Rafael. Although both are in many countries considered as synonyms it really depends on context and there are some inherent subtilities that distinguish them from each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the RAE definitions for both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=reto&quot;&gt;reto.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Provocación o citación al duelo o desafío.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Acción de amenazar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Dicho o hecho con que se amenaza. Echar retos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. regañina.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Objetivo o empeño difícil de llevar a cabo, y que constituye por ello un estímulo y un desafío para quien lo afronta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. desus. Acusación de alevoso que un noble hacía a otro delante del rey, obligándose a mantenerla en el campo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=desaf%C3%ADo&quot;&gt;desafío.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Acción y efecto de desafiar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Rivalidad, competencia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. ant. Carta o recado verbal en que los reyes de Aragón manifestaban la razón o motivo que tenían para desafiar a un&#xA;  ricohombre o caballero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reñir un ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. ant. Reñir en un desafío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First the subtilities and then the old meanings. For example you can see on meaning 5 of reto that reto is something that constitutes an objective that is difficult to achieve, that it is a &lt;strong&gt;desafío&lt;/strong&gt; to someone, so the meaning of desafío that is taken here is the one of rivalry and competition. &lt;strong&gt;Desafío&lt;/strong&gt; is something you want to achieve, and &lt;strong&gt;reto&lt;/strong&gt; is something that can be compared with a goal or an obstacle. A difficulty. &lt;strong&gt;To help clear this difference: all desafíos are retos but not all retos are desafíos.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para seguir por este camino tengo que destruir esta pared. Es un &lt;strong&gt;reto&lt;/strong&gt; que me veo obligado a realizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here reto is in the sense of an obstacle that you have no choice but to surmount. Something tough and difficult unrelated to a goal. The goal is to continue through this way, but the reto is destroying the wall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te reto a meterte desnudo en el lago congelado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Es un &lt;strong&gt;desafío&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here reto is something difficult to do. And the other person asks if it is a challenge that he is posing to him. So if the other person accepts it is a desafío because it becomes a goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another difference that I just noticed and is new to me is &lt;em&gt;regañina&lt;/em&gt; which means to ground someone. To tell a child that he was bad for example. I am unaware of in which region is this word used, but I can guarantee that it is not used in Ecuador or Colombia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So second, there are some old meanings in which it is specified that in royalty desafío was used as a missive of the king of Aragón to challenge a noble, richman or knight. And reto was an accusation of a noble against another noble made in front of the king, obliging him to face him on the field. So desafío is a challenge of the king against a noble, richman or knight, and reto is noble vs noble in court. (As I understand it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-01-28T10:49:39.903" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T10:49:39.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1521" CreationDate="2012-01-27T09:24:39.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct it mostly depends on context to difference them. But you can also tell by tone and sometimes even by sarcasm. For your example with your boss, he could say in spanish with a strict tone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Espero que estés aqui a las 9 en punto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is absolutely clear he meant expect. But then if you say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Wondering tone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que llegue pronto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know it is in the sense of hope. And if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que llegue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy esperando a que llegue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's inferred that is about waiting. You can see that in these cases there is no ambiguity, you just have to watch out for the tone and the context. If you do you will have no trouble distinguishing one from the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T09:24:39.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1613" CreationDate="2012-01-27T14:39:57.063" Score="4" ViewCount="8018" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard this phrase a lot of times before in forms like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Take (anything) for granted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't take (anything) for granted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about how to translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar (algo) por &lt;strong&gt;terminado/realizado/hecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this ok? If not, what would be the correct translation of this phrase? Can you give examples of its usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T14:52:11.703" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T21:47:02.250" Title="Translation of &quot;Take ___ for granted&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1612" CreationDate="2012-01-27T16:26:42.657" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it means: to think that something is true but never have thought about it or wondered why it is true or is this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar &amp;lt; algo &amp;gt; por sentado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar &amp;lt; algo &amp;gt; por hecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T21:47:02.250" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-27T16:31:58.527" Score="3" ViewCount="1066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the question &lt;code&gt;Who are you writing to?&lt;/code&gt; translated in two ways: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A quién escribes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién le escribes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence seems to translate more as &lt;code&gt;To whom do you write?&lt;/code&gt;, whereas the second one I have a hard time translating literally. I know that &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; is an indirect object pronoun that means &lt;strong&gt;he/she/formal you&lt;/strong&gt;, but I'm not sure how that meaning fits into the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is one translation more common than the other? Or is one more common in Latin America versus Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="466" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-01-28T11:53:56.953" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T15:33:11.463" Title="Translation of &quot;Who are you writing to&quot;" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1615" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-27T19:13:49.117" Score="8" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a software developer and  I've seen thousands of times the word &quot;verbose&quot; in different tutorials, frameworks, etc. I wonder, which would be the correct translation of the word &quot;verbose&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried translating it with &lt;em&gt;Google Translate&lt;/em&gt; and I got &quot;verboso&quot; .. I don't even know the meaning of that word in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &quot;verboso&quot; is the correct spanish translation, but is there any other word more known or used? (never heard of it, at least in Latin America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.3/topics/db/models/#verbose-field-names&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;part&lt;/a&gt; of the Django documentation, we have an example of how &quot;verbose&quot; is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Each field type [...] takes an optional first positional argument -- a &lt;strong&gt;verbose&lt;/strong&gt; name. If the &lt;strong&gt;verbose&lt;/strong&gt; name isn't given, Django will automatically create it using the field's attribute name, converting underscores to spaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="400" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T15:04:55.890" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T20:11:38.543" Title="Translation of 'verbose'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1615" CreationDate="2012-01-27T20:04:19.730" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the software development context, I think &lt;code&gt;verboso&lt;/code&gt; is the more appropriate way of translating &lt;code&gt;verbose&lt;/code&gt;; however, when related to a person other alternatives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locuaz (Closer meaning to verbose, not negative context)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hablador (Could mean that either talks too much or he/she is a gossiper. Context determines the meaning)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parlanchín (Talks too much)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lenguaraz (Talks too much)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admittedly, &lt;code&gt;verboso&lt;/code&gt; is not often used in the spoken language but it wouldn't be incorrect to tell someone something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres muy verbosa, al grano, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, one would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres muy locuaz, al grano, por favor. (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú te extiendes mucho, al grano, por favor. (a bit more informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T20:04:19.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1596" CreationDate="2012-01-27T22:05:06.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desperdiciar&lt;/strong&gt; is to &quot;trash&quot; something, that is to destroy it. That would be a &quot;waste.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Malgastar&lt;/strong&gt; is to use, or &quot;spend&quot; something badly. You're not making optimal use of it. But that's not quite as bad as actively &quot;trashing&quot; something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:05:06.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1595" CreationDate="2012-01-27T22:09:29.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partir is to &quot;break away,&quot; usually from a group of people, or a place. It does not mean &quot;break&quot; in the sense of to destroy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quebrantar is to &quot;break&quot; an intangible item, such as one's health or the law. It does not refer to the &quot;breaking&quot; of tangible objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Romper and quebrar are the most nearly synonymous, insofar as they refer to the breaking of &quot;things.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:09:29.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1614" CreationDate="2012-01-27T22:12:08.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second version in the OP is not grammatical. It does not make sense at all without the starting preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿A quién (le) escribes?&lt;/code&gt; is the only way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At most, you could try a different variation such as &lt;code&gt;¿Con quién te escribes?&lt;/code&gt; that again starts with a preposition, but has a slight different meaning, in the sense that there are incoming and outgoing messages (possibly in a chat session), where in the main option that bidirectional component is not present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="352" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T15:33:11.463" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T15:33:11.463" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1612" CreationDate="2012-01-27T22:20:35.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;To take something for granted&lt;/code&gt; translates literally to &lt;code&gt;dar algo por sentado&lt;/code&gt;, and both expressions mean exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;To take it for granted&lt;/code&gt; can be a little bit shorter in its Spanish version since the object can be included in the verb &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;code&gt;darlo por sentado.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:20:35.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1593" CreationDate="2012-01-27T22:24:52.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No me llaman a menos que sea importante&lt;/code&gt; would be an expression often heard in support positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: After OP's clarification &lt;code&gt;No me dicen/llaman ... por nada/en vano&lt;/code&gt; would seem to fit OP's question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="352" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T22:54:26.477" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T22:54:26.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1615" CreationDate="2012-01-28T00:11:58.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verboso&lt;/em&gt; is a good translation. &lt;em&gt;Prolijo&lt;/em&gt; also works, especially if you are referring to written texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the particular case of &quot;verbose names&quot; in programming, I'd probably use &lt;em&gt;nombres largos&lt;/em&gt; as a free translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T00:11:58.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1615" CreationDate="2012-01-28T01:51:22.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;verboso&lt;/em&gt; is correct, the one I've seen used more frequently is &lt;strong&gt;verborrágico&lt;/strong&gt;, which essentially means &lt;em&gt;very verbose&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T01:51:22.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21252" CreationDate="2012-01-28T04:15:27.927" Score="8" ViewCount="9866" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard the expression &quot;llava&quot; / &quot;ya va&quot; (?) being used in Venezuelan Spanish. It seems to have the meaning of &quot;&lt;em&gt;wait a moment&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but my Mexican friend don't understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone who know what this word means and how to spell it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T20:21:09.920" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T18:19:40.980" Title="What is &quot;ya va&quot; in Venezuelan Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1600" CreationDate="2012-01-28T04:46:25.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Kage, in Spain we know someone comes from America when s/he says &quot;tomar&quot; instead of &quot;beber&quot; (in any context about drinking ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also, sometimes, the use of &quot;beber&quot; as &quot;drink alcohol&quot; when the drink is not specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tomar&quot; is often used as &quot;take&quot;, while &quot;beber&quot; is the most common verb used for &quot;drink&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="467" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T04:46:25.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1625" CreationDate="2012-01-28T05:50:38.340" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya va&lt;/strong&gt; is also used in Argentina to tell the other person to wait for a moment. Some possible translations would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;be right there&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    give me a second/moment (please)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    just a second/moment (please)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    wait a second/moment (please)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    one second/moment (please)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...plus other similar variations, and which one to use will probably depend on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-28T11:12:21.000" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T11:12:21.000" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1630" CreationDate="2012-01-28T15:29:56.587" Score="3" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;please look at the below sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gabriela no quiere presentarnos a sus amigas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Gabriela doesn't want to introduce us (DO) to her friends (IO)) where DO is Direct Object and IO is indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nos=DO, a sus amigas=IO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to IO+DO rule, so the word should be &quot;presentárlasnos&quot; where &quot;las&quot;(IO), then &quot;nos&quot; (DO), no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why the correct answer is &quot;presentárnoslas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-01-29T01:23:21.150" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T01:23:21.150" Title="Pregunta sobre pronombre: preguntárnoslas" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1628" CreationDate="2012-01-28T18:12:41.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check the section 4 of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=pronombres%20personales%20%E1tonos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;. There you can read this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Orden de las secuencias de clíticos&lt;/strong&gt;. Un mismo verbo puede llevar dos y hasta tres pronombres clíticos, que se anteponen o posponen al&#xA;verbo siempre en bloque, no pudiendo anteponerse unos y posponerse&#xA;otros. El orden no es libre y se somete, básicamente, a la regla que&#xA;establece que los pronombres de segunda persona preceden a los de&#xA;primera y estos a los de tercera, salvo a la forma se, que precede a&#xA;todas las demás (se + 2.ª pers. + 1.ª pers. + 3.ª pers.):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Ay, Dios, que &lt;strong&gt;te me&lt;/strong&gt; lo llevaste cuando más falta me hacía»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Cualquiera &lt;strong&gt;se te&lt;/strong&gt; la llevará delante de las narices»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no son correctas, por tanto, secuencias como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«No &lt;strong&gt;me se&lt;/strong&gt; haga el pendejo, Balbicito, no me cojudee» *(Incorrect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the rule is that you have to follow &lt;strong&gt;this order&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronoun &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns of &lt;strong&gt;second person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns of &lt;strong&gt;first person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns of &lt;strong&gt;third person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; refers to &lt;strong&gt;we&lt;/strong&gt;, it's a pronoun of &lt;strong&gt;1st person&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; refers to &lt;strong&gt;they&lt;/strong&gt;, it's a pronoun of &lt;strong&gt;3rd person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronouns of 1st person goes before the ones of 3rd person as it's indicated in the order, so it should be &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;presentárnoslas&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; and not *&lt;em&gt;presentárlasnos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T20:06:08.703" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1460" CreationDate="2012-01-28T23:05:58.727" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Catarata refers to a large, rushing MASS of falling water. Cascada refers to a more gentle falling of water, usually broken up into smaller units called &quot;waterfalls.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1067" LastEditDate="2012-12-07T03:35:01.840" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T03:35:01.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-29T01:12:14.823" Score="0" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a simple application for Android mobiles phones. It appears to be quite popular in a handful of non-English speaking countries, with Spain being one of them. I have managed to get most of the text translated, but I'm stuck on one sentence which is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AppName has now exited. Your normal screen timeout settings have now&#xA;  been re-applied&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is that the application, &quot;AppName&quot;, keeps the screen while it is running, overriding the usual &quot;timeout settings&quot; which specify the length of time the screen stays on until Android switches it off. When the application exits, the application needs to inform the user that the usual settings have been re-applied and are no longer being overwritten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit technical to find a translation in a phrasebook, or to trust a translation website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone translate it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="472" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T03:48:22.860" Title="Need a phrase from a mobile phone application" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-03-04T16:22:48.473" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1632" CreationDate="2012-01-29T03:48:22.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AppName ha finalizado. Tu configuración de tiempo de espera de pantalla ha sido re-aplicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be the literal translation. I'm a native spanish speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="401" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T03:48:22.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1612" CreationDate="2012-01-29T04:35:09.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possible (and usual) translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dar &amp;lt;algo&amp;gt; por descontado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T04:35:09.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1614" CreationDate="2012-01-29T15:07:11.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;escribir&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; needs the preposition &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; when you want to include the person that the text is going to be sent. So for that reason the following sentence is not correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién le escribes? (Incorrect, it should be &amp;quot;¿A Quién le escribes?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; is optional. You can use it or not so you can hear any of these sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A quién le escribes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A quién escribes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explanationof RAE about why that &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; is optional can be read in the section 5.2.a of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=pronombres%20personales%20%E1tonos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) En el caso del &lt;strong&gt;complemento indirecto&lt;/strong&gt;, la &lt;strong&gt;coaparición del pronombre átono es normalmente opcional&lt;/strong&gt; y suele ser lo más frecuente, especialmente en la lengua oral: No (les) da importancia a los problemas; (Les) he contado nuestro secreto a unos amigos; (Le) han denegado la beca a Juan; (Le) he dicho la verdad a mi madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso hay verbos, como gustar, encantar y sinónimos, que exigen la presencia del pronombre átono junto con el complemento tónico: ¿Le gustan a tu hermana los bombones? (y no *¿Gustan a tu hermana los bombones?). En general, suele ser necesaria la duplicación en los verbos cuyo complemento indirecto designa, no al destinatario de la acción, sino al que la experimenta, como ocurre con los llamados verbos de «afección» (psíquica o física), como molestar, divertir, interesar, cansar, etc., y con muchos otros, como parecer, resultar, convenir, etc.: Le molestó a tu padre que no vinieras; Le ha cansado a la abuela el paseo; Le pareció bien al jefe nuestro plan; No le conviene al niño comer tantos dulces. No obstante, cuando la función de complemento indirecto es desempeñada por los cuantificadores universales todo, nadie o similares, la presencia del pronombre átono no resulta siempre necesaria: Su decisión no (le) gustó a todo el mundo; Sus palabras no (le) molestaron a nadie; (Les) cansó a todos con su discurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;escribir&amp;quot; is not a verb with a meaning about emotions &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; is not compulsory&lt;/strong&gt; when it is an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T15:07:11.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-29T22:00:54.527" Score="5" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which would be correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nosotros conocemos a los padres de nuestros amigos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nosotros conocemos los padres de nuestros amigos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="475" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T16:59:47.703" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T16:59:47.703" Title="Should I include &quot;a&quot; after &quot;conocemos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-29T22:08:59.167" Score="2" ViewCount="330" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, if I wanted to say &quot;They used to travel every day&quot;, which would I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos viajaron cada día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos viajaban cada día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="475" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-08T20:37:21.550" LastActivityDate="2019-11-25T07:05:24.727" Title="Should I use preterit or imperfect to express something that used to happen repeatedly?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-29T22:46:56.250" Score="5" ViewCount="3009" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if you should ever attach the indirect and direct object pronoun to a conjugated verb, and if so, when that would occur?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let's say I wanted to convert &quot;La maestra da un examen a nosotros&quot; to use the indirect and direct object pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La maestra nos lo da. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La maestra danoslo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which should I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="475" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:43:51.903" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T19:23:02.353" Title="When should I attach the indirect and direct object pronoun to the end of a verb?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1638" CreationDate="2012-01-29T23:02:12.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form is the first one. Alternatively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Danoslo la maestra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you'll rarely find this construct in prose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T23:02:12.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1637" CreationDate="2012-01-29T23:05:33.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imperfect, always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the correct tense to use whenever you have an habitual action in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As César mentioned, a possible literal translation of your example would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos solían viajar todos los días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether you use &lt;code&gt;solían&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;cada día&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;todos los días&lt;/code&gt; will depend on how the sentence continues and what is the main point you want to stress (if it's the traveling, the fact that it was done every day, or something else that happened every day that caused them to travel)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T10:53:07.420" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T10:53:07.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1636" CreationDate="2012-01-29T23:19:54.720" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &quot;a&quot; should always be included when talking about knowing people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not used with objects, though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros conocemos el lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T23:19:54.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1642" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-30T01:34:33.437" Score="7" ViewCount="7959" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;que&quot; and &quot;cual&quot; mean without an accent mark? How do they compare when to each other? How do they compare to their accent-marked form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="476" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T22:27:00.920" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T20:09:20.343" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;que&quot; and &quot;cual&quot; without an accent mark?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1647" CreationDate="2012-01-30T02:37:46.490" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best translation of &lt;em&gt;en cierta medida&lt;/em&gt; to English? It seems like there are several phrases in English that would work, but I'm not sure which best reflects the sense of the Spanish phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T14:42:08.720" Title="Translation of &quot;en cierta medida&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1648" CreationDate="2012-01-30T02:43:35.530" Score="2" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best English translation for the Spanish phrase &lt;em&gt;desarrollo integral&lt;/em&gt; (as applied to a person or country)? &quot;Complete development&quot; doesn't sound right, and I can't find the phrase in my dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-04-15T17:50:00.933" Title="Translation of &quot;desarrollo integral&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1642" CreationDate="2012-01-30T05:01:51.707" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/grammar/a/que_vs_cual.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interrogatory pronouns&lt;/a&gt;, and are thus used when asking questions (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22/question-words-que-versus-cual&quot;&gt;relevant question&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; ha ocurrido? → &lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; has happened?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuál&lt;/strong&gt; es tu número de teléfono?&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; is your phone number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué can also be an exclamative adjective (if it is used before a noun):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; hora es?&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; time is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué can also be an exclamative adverb (if it is used before an adjective):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; guapa es! → &lt;strong&gt;How&lt;/strong&gt; pretty she is!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; can also be used in exclamations (not only in questions). So &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; (with accent mark) can be used in direct or indirect questions and exclamations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; has hecho? → &lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; have you done?(direct question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; hacer. → I don't know &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; to do. (indirect question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; guapa es! → &lt;strong&gt;How&lt;/strong&gt; pretty she is! (direct exclamation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabe &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; dura es la vida. → He already knows &lt;strong&gt;how&lt;/strong&gt; hard life is. (indirect exclamation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without accents, they are &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/pronouns/a/que_relative_pronouns.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relative pronouns&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rebeca es la mujer con &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; vas a viajar.&lt;/em&gt; → Rebeca is the woman with &lt;strong&gt;whom&lt;/strong&gt; you are going to travel.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Rebeca es la mujer con &lt;strong&gt;la cual&lt;/strong&gt; vas a viajar&lt;/em&gt; → Rebeca is the woman with &lt;strong&gt;whom&lt;/strong&gt; you are going to travel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; (without the accent) can also be a conjunction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; vengas.&lt;/em&gt; → I want &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; you go. / I want you to go.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Llámame &lt;strong&gt;antes de que&lt;/strong&gt; llegues.&lt;/em&gt; → Call me &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; you arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T08:32:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1636" CreationDate="2012-01-30T07:00:20.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. When the direct object is a person, or several, you use &quot;a&quot; before the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T07:00:20.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1643" CreationDate="2012-01-30T09:08:20.140" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Difficult to say without a context, but &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;to a certain extent&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; should work in most situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T09:35:48.547" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T09:35:48.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1644" CreationDate="2012-01-30T09:49:20.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO the literal translation works &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;integral development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know search results are not a perfect  index but that gives a good idea about its usage. This translation gives 25 million+ (1 million for literal search) results on google. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now there is another translation I can think of but it doesn't have the exact same meaning only the same idea. As with most of translations one has to conform on translating the rough meaning or idea, as literal translations are not always possible or appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;complete development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All-inclusive development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two don't sound very natural, specially complete development as you say. If I were in your shoes I'd use integral development in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-04-15T17:50:00.933" LastActivityDate="2012-04-15T17:50:00.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1644" CreationDate="2012-01-30T14:21:24.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often use &quot;&lt;em&gt;comprehensive&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as a translation of the Spanish &quot;integral&quot;, so &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;comprehensive development&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; could work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T14:21:24.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1282" CreationDate="2012-01-30T14:34:48.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best translation I can think of is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;to the naked eye&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. It refers to something you can see without the help of auxiliary devices such as a microscope or a pair of binoculars. Of course, it can also be used metaphorically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T14:34:48.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1643" CreationDate="2012-01-30T14:42:08.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;up to a point&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;hasta cierto punto&quot;) is another possible translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T14:42:08.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1644" CreationDate="2012-01-30T15:27:44.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term I would use is &quot;internal development.&quot; As opposed to development brought about, or &quot;forced&quot; from the outside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T15:27:44.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1615" CreationDate="2012-01-30T15:30:05.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Verboso&quot; appears to be a &quot;faithful translation of &quot;verbose.&quot; Both mean &quot;wordy,&quot; that is, using too many words to describe/discuss something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T15:30:05.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1656" CreationDate="2012-01-31T11:29:32.977" Score="9" ViewCount="5315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Spanish with Rosetta Stone. The lesson I am currently on has two examples that I don't completely understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La leche está &lt;strong&gt;fea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pan está &lt;strong&gt;rico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Fea&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; seems to be translated as ugly while &amp;quot;rico&amp;quot; as rich.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;fea&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;rico&amp;quot; specific to a food/drink context? Would you use &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;fea&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; only for something that does not look appetizing, and not for example to describe a person that was considered unattractive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, is &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; only to describe things with a strong flavor and not infer a quantity in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="478" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T11:18:17.883" Title="Usage of fea and rico" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1654" CreationDate="2012-01-31T12:01:15.090" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;From RAE:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;feo, a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. foedus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Desprovisto de belleza y hermosura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que causa desagrado o aversión. Acción fea.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. De aspecto malo o desfavorable. El asunto se pone feo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for rico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;rico, ca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del gót. reiks).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Adinerado, hacendado o acaudalado. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Abundante, opulento y pingüe.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un terreno: fértil. Ricas tierras de labor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Lujoso, o de mucho valor o precio. Las paredes estaban cubiertas de ricos tapices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Gustoso, sabroso, agradable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So feo/fea can be used for anything lacking beauty, or that looks bad, be it food, people, things...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And rico has two main meanings: &lt;em&gt;rich&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tasty&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T12:01:15.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1654" CreationDate="2012-01-31T13:07:12.350" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Feo can mean ugly, disgusting, distasteful, etc. It can be applied pretty much to anything: food, people, situations, paintings...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rico can mean two completely separate things: &lt;em&gt;rich&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tasty&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es rico = He is rich&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabe rico = It tastes good!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some regions, the latter meaning only applies to food; in others it applies to other feelings. I've seen it applied to sexual pleasure, for example (&lt;em&gt;se siente rico&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;it feels good&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T11:18:17.883" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1658" CreationDate="2012-01-31T14:24:54.877" Score="5" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you see the difference between no. 6 and no. 7?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Are there any differences in meaning?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Could you please answer the questions below?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6, En el coloquio se discutió un tema interesante.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;6a, In the symposium people discussed an interesting subject, OR In the symposium an interesting subject was discussed, (which one is correct?)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;6b, tipo de SE: marca de impersonalidad o pasiva refleja (¿Cuál es correcto o ambos?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7, En el coloquio se discutió de un tema interesante.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;7a, In the symposium they argued with each other for an interesting subject.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;7b, Tipo de &quot;SE&quot;: con valor recíproco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-05T13:00:41.133" LastActivityDate="2012-03-05T13:00:41.133" Title="Uses of &quot;SE&quot; : se discutió" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1657" CreationDate="2012-01-31T15:53:54.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=discutir&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;discutir&lt;/strong&gt;. ‘Contraponer opiniones sobre algo’. Puede ser &lt;strong&gt;transitivo&lt;/strong&gt;: «Discutieron la conveniencia de comprar algunos libros de ocultismo» o &lt;strong&gt;intransitivo&lt;/strong&gt;, caso en el que lleva un complemento con &lt;strong&gt;sobre, de o acerca de&lt;/strong&gt;: «Discutieron de platos y de precios» ; «Un grupo de diplomáticos hipócritas discutían sobre la paz» (Jodorowsky Danza [Chile 2001]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discutir + sobre  + something&lt;/strong&gt;-&gt; intransitive use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discutir + de  + something&lt;/strong&gt;-&gt; intransitive use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discutir + acerca de  + something&lt;/strong&gt;-&gt; intransitive use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discutir + something&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; transitive use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6, En el coloquio se &lt;strong&gt;discutió&lt;/strong&gt; un tema interesante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this first sentence as discutir is used in a transitive way and it is an example of &lt;strong&gt;passive voice&lt;/strong&gt; (pasiva refleja) and it would be the same as saying this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el coloquio un tema interesante fue discutido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so it could be translated as: &quot;In the symposium an interesting subject was discussed&quot;. Here &quot;se&quot; marks that this sentence is a passive voice (pasiva refleja).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7, En el coloquio se &lt;strong&gt;discutió de&lt;/strong&gt; un tema interesante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second sentence is an example of intransitive use of that verb because it's followed by the preposition &quot;de&quot;. As it is instransitive then it can't be a passive voice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that in this case it is an &lt;strong&gt;impersonal sentence&lt;/strong&gt;. and its meaning would be something like: &quot;In the symposium people discussed an interesting subject&quot;. Here &quot;se&quot; marks that this sentence is impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T15:53:54.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1625" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:07:34.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1627/484&quot;&gt;@Eduardo's answer&lt;/a&gt;, note that &lt;strong&gt;ya va&lt;/strong&gt; is an informal, colloquial way of asking another person to wait for a moment, so I guess that (possibly) closer translations would be more in the lines of &lt;em&gt;just a sec&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;wait a mo'&lt;/em&gt; (for spoken and written language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T18:07:34.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1667" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:13:33.000" Score="2" ViewCount="543" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sagrado&lt;/em&gt; in translating the English religious word &quot;holy.&quot; How are the two words used in religious contexts in Spanish-speaking countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T21:30:49.340" Title="holy: santo vs. sagrado" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;religión&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1663" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:18:05.133" Score="4" ViewCount="11523" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English word &quot;wallet&quot; (as in something you carry in your pocket to hold money, credit cards, etc.) can be translated into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;billetera&lt;/em&gt;. Are the words synonyms that can be used interchangeably, or does each country generally use one word or the other? If it is a regional difference, what areas of the Spanish-speaking world generally use each word? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2020-01-02T09:41:48.293" Title="wallet: cartera vs. billetera" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:33:47.407" Score="2" ViewCount="12514" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of &quot;to speak a language fluently&quot; would be &lt;em&gt;hablar un idioma con fluidez&lt;/em&gt;, but I have heard that means that you speak the language fluidly and smoothly rather than that you have mastered the language itself. What is the best way in Spanish to express that you are &quot;fluent&quot; in a language, in the English sense of having mastered that language and being able to speak/read/write/understand it accurately?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T21:21:28.240" Title="Translation of &quot;to be fluent (in a language)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1661" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:40:40.813" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a regional choice, as with many other nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chile, &lt;em&gt;billetera&lt;/em&gt; is the only translation of &lt;em&gt;wallet&lt;/em&gt; (though we would understand the use of &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; from a foreign person), but &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; is actually &lt;em&gt;purse&lt;/em&gt;, as in handbag: a bag a woman uses to carry stuff, which is usually much bigger than a wallet and does not fit in a pocket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other countries, words like &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt; are used for &lt;em&gt;purse&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; is used for &lt;em&gt;wallet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; is more widespread, because it is also the origin of &lt;em&gt;carterista&lt;/em&gt; (pickpocket), which is more standard. If you intend to translate the word for a global audience, you should go for &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T18:40:40.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1662" CreationDate="2012-01-31T18:50:43.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say that a person is &amp;quot;elocuente&amp;quot;. It means the person communicates a message efficiently by means of the spoken language, which is only possible when a certain level of mastery has been reached:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John es elocuente en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John habla español con elocuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative is the word &amp;quot;dominio&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;mastery&lt;/em&gt;), or just say that the level is (very) advanced:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John domina el español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John maneja el español de manera avanzada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John tiene un nivel muy avanzado de español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T18:50:43.283" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1661" CreationDate="2012-01-31T19:00:57.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia, the word &lt;code&gt;cartera&lt;/code&gt; is mostly used to refer to a woman's &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=bolso&quot;&gt;Bolso&lt;/a&gt; (handbag).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should mention that &lt;code&gt;cartera&lt;/code&gt; is falling out of use in Colombia. I can only remember old people using that word. &lt;code&gt;Bolso&lt;/code&gt; is the preferred word nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am almost certain that in other Latin American countries (Argentina comes to mind) the words &lt;code&gt;cartera&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;billetera&lt;/code&gt; mean the same; in other words, a man can say: &lt;code&gt;Se me olvidó mi cartera&lt;/code&gt; but you wouldn't hear that coming from a male in Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T19:00:57.327" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1668" CreationDate="2012-01-31T21:24:55.930" Score="8" ViewCount="6127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been told by native Spanish speakers that the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reina-Valera&quot;&gt;Reina-Valera Bible&lt;/a&gt; (even the 1960 edition) sounds old fashioned and stuffy.  It's one of the reasons our pastor uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_translations_of_the_Bible&quot;&gt;other translations&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I read the different versions of the Bible, I'm struck by how similar they sound.  To me, the primary difference stems form the use of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.braser.com/spanish-learning/vosotros.html&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; verb form.  From what I understand, this is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Second_person_plural&quot;&gt;regional difference&lt;/a&gt; rather than an example of outdated language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are other persistent differences, my Spanish isn't mature enough to detect them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is the Reina-Valera outdated or just representative of a dialect not often heard in the Americas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-01-31T21:41:16.220" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T20:16:51.450" Title="How outdated is the Spanish of the Reina-Valera Bible?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1660" CreationDate="2012-01-31T21:30:49.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Holy means &lt;em&gt;sagrado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt; in the sense of &lt;em&gt;sacred&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy Land : Tierra santa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy Spirit : Espíritu santo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy Bible : la santa biblia (common) &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; la sagrada biblia (uncommon)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy Family : la sagrada familia (as in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sagradafamilia.cat/sf-eng/?lang=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gaudí's masterpiece&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy Grial : el santo grial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also translated as &lt;em&gt;bendito(a)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holy water : agua bendita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt; is the word used for a saint:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saint Patrick : San Patricio. Patricio es un santo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saint Mary : Santa María. María es una santa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All Saints' Day : día de todos los santos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T21:30:49.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1666" CreationDate="2012-01-31T22:32:30.930" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it's important to clarify that there are many different versions of the Reina-Valera Bible. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reina-Valera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; explains that the first version was published in 1569, and there have been many versions since. However, when people talk about the RVR, they are generally referring to the 1960 version. Since 1960 there have been additional revisions (the RVR1995 and the Reina Valera Contemporánea), but as far as I know the 1960 version is still the most commonly used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RVR does have more than just regional differences. For example, in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblegateway.com/versions/Reina-Valera-Contemporanea-Biblia-RVC/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;notes for the Reina Valera Contemporánea&lt;/a&gt;, the translators explain five aspects that have been updated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Orden sintáctico&lt;/strong&gt; - Esta revisión respeta el orden sintáctico del castellano para que su lectura sea más fluida y natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conserva los versículos alineados al margen izquierdo&lt;/strong&gt; – Para facilitar el estudio de las Escrituras, y la búsqueda y memorización de versículos clave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización de palabras arcaicas o en desuso.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revisión de términos y pasajes difíciles de comprender&lt;/strong&gt; - Los textos complicados y difíciles de comprender que pueden llevar al lector a una errónea interpretación, han sido revisados para hacerlos más comprensibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización de nombres propios al castellano moderno.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So according to them, the 1960 Reina-Valera has a less fluid syntactical order, words that are archaic or in disuse, passages that are difficult to understand or easy to misunderstand, and proper nouns that don't reflect modern usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; form is one noticeable difference from modern Latin American Spanish, but there are other major differences (for example, the use of the future subjunctive or archaic words).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reinavaleragomez.com/node/11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One site I found&lt;/a&gt; has a very polemic tone but explains some aspects of the RVR versions that could be misleading or confusing to modern readers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience with Spanish Bibles, I've been told that the RVR corresponds to the KJV (majestic but archaic), the LBLA corresponds to the NASB or ESV (literal word-for-word translation philosophy), and the NVI corresponds to the NIV (more of a thought-for-thought translation philosophy). As just one comparison, see Matt. 6:34:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, no os afanéis por el día de mañana, porque el día de mañana traerá su afán. Basta a cada día su propio mal. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=mat%206:34&amp;amp;version=RVR1960&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RVR1960&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no os preocupéis por el día de mañana; porque el día de mañana se cuidará de sí mismo. Bástele a cada día sus propios problemas. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=mat%206:34&amp;amp;version=LBLA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LBLA&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, no se angustien por el mañana, el cual tendrá sus propios afanes. Cada día tiene ya sus problemas. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=mat%206:34&amp;amp;version=NVI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NVI&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T22:44:27.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2012-01-31T23:55:35.273" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I speak Spanish Spanish without any regional accent and sometimes I pronounce both sounds exactly the same. Some other times &quot;yo&quot; may actually sound closer to &quot;i + o&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, don't worry too much about that, in practice you can pronounce them the same (&quot;llo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T23:55:35.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1654" CreationDate="2012-02-01T00:09:22.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An idiomatic English translation of &quot;rico&quot; is &quot;loaded.&quot; Usually, this refers to money, but in can refer to other things such as (food) nutrients, or spices, or pleasure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;usage&quot; of fea is &quot;lacking.&quot; Again, this usually refers to lacking in beauty (ugly). In regard to milk, however, it could mean lacking in taste or nutrients, in a word, &quot;thin.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T00:09:22.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1638" CreationDate="2012-02-01T08:40:35.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The position of those pronouns before or after the verb is given by the rules which are in &lt;strong&gt;the section 3 of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=pronombres%20personales%20%E1tonos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; of RAE&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick summary of what RAE says in that link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They have to go before the verb:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with verbs in indicative mood (it's archaic to place them after the verb):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with verbs in subjuctive mood (for non exhorting verbs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They have to go after the verb:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with verbs in imperative mood&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with verbs in subjuctive mood (for exhorting verbs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with verbs in infinitive or gerund (in verbal periphrasis it usually can be placed also before).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example &lt;strong&gt;you are using the verb dar in the indicative mood&lt;/strong&gt;. For that reason those pronouns should be placed before the verb. So the correct one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La maestra &lt;strong&gt;nos lo da&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to take into account that the word &amp;quot;da&amp;quot; can be a present of indicative but also an imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Él/Ella) da - &lt;strong&gt;present of indicative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;da (tú) - &lt;strong&gt;imperative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you place the pronouns after the verb then people would think you are using imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos lo da --&amp;gt; He gives it to us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dánoslo --&amp;gt; Give it to us. (imperative)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yor second sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La maestra dánoslo* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be incorrect because you can't use &amp;quot;la maestra&amp;quot; with an imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T08:40:35.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1673" CreationDate="2012-02-01T12:29:36.553" Score="12" ViewCount="2963" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se describe el tiempo, se usa &quot;hace&quot;, por ejemplo, &quot;hace frío&quot; o &quot;hace sol&quot;. ¿Es lo mismo con la temperatura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es la temperatura de algo, como una persona o comida, ¿es lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="62" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T13:50:51.473" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T13:50:51.473" Title="¿Cómo se describe la temperatura?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1672" CreationDate="2012-02-01T14:05:20.920" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the weather we use the verb &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot; in an impersonal use (the sentence doesn't have subject)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hace&lt;/strong&gt; frío --&amp;gt; It is cold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hace&lt;/strong&gt; sol --&amp;gt; It is sunny&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the temperature, we use the verb &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; also in an impersonal way (if you are referring for the environment temperature):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; 17 grados (centígrados) (It is 37ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can also use alternatives like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tenemos&lt;/strong&gt; un día soleado (centígrados) (we have a sunny day)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;strong&gt;tenemos&lt;/strong&gt; 17 grados (centígrados) (Today it is 37ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;strong&gt;estamos a&lt;/strong&gt; 17 grados (centígrados) (Today it is 37ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you're referring to the temperature of a person you can use &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; 37 grados de temperatura (I have a temperature of 37ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; 37 grados de fiebre (I have a temperature of 37ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; fiebre (I have a temperature)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With things we usually use &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;tener una temperatura&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lava &lt;strong&gt;está a&lt;/strong&gt; 700ºC (the lava has a temperature of 700ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lava &lt;strong&gt;tiene una temperatura de&lt;/strong&gt; 700ºC (the lava has a temperature of 700ºC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T16:20:55.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1675" CreationDate="2012-02-01T15:43:39.123" Score="11" ViewCount="1257" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las intersecciones, es común ver una señal roja y octagonal que dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;alto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, el mismo tipo de señal que en inglés dice &lt;em&gt;stop&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, &lt;em&gt;stop&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo imperativo, pero no creo que haya un verbo en español como &lt;em&gt;&quot;altar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;&quot;alto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;; no parece una forma imperativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;&quot;alto&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto, y por qué la señal no dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;pare&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-01T16:47:40.273" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T13:36:06.797" Title="¿Qué tipo de palabra es «alto»?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2012-02-01T16:40:27.863" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find the definition in &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=alto&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interj&lt;/strong&gt;. U. para ordenar a alguien que se detenga o que suspenda lo que está haciendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is an &lt;strong&gt;interjection&lt;/strong&gt; which means &quot;stop&quot;. It's like an order to stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El policía dijo: ¡Alto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the person who created the signal could have written &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pare&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead and people would stop, though &quot;alto&quot; usually is said by people who can command you to do something and you can't refuse (like policemen); &quot;Pare&quot; could be used by any person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed in Spain those signals use the English word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Stop&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;Alto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T16:40:27.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2012-02-01T16:43:49.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some Latin American countries &lt;code&gt;Stop&lt;/code&gt; signs say &lt;code&gt;Pare&lt;/code&gt; and not &lt;code&gt;Alto&lt;/code&gt;; however, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=alto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; shows that &lt;code&gt;Alto&lt;/code&gt; comes from the German &lt;code&gt;Halten&lt;/code&gt; (Detener); therefore, it's an imperative word used in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T19:01:42.407" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T19:01:42.407" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1680" CreationDate="2012-02-01T19:30:07.003" Score="3" ViewCount="1248" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I go to a restaurant I see a &lt;strong&gt;Libro de Reclamaciones&lt;/strong&gt; which I believe it's something like a &lt;strong&gt;Book of Complaints&lt;/strong&gt;. I thought the direct translation of &lt;code&gt;complaint&lt;/code&gt; was in fact &lt;code&gt;reclamo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;queja&lt;/code&gt;. In this case, they are using plural so &lt;strong&gt;Libro de Reclamos&lt;/strong&gt; was the first thing I came up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not use &lt;strong&gt;Libro de Reclamos&lt;/strong&gt;? Are they synonyms or is context dependant?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T16:21:11.613" Title="&quot;Reclamo&quot; vs. &quot;Reclamación&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1683" CreationDate="2012-02-01T19:52:27.223" Score="3" ViewCount="772" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some dishes that don't have a direct translation (i.e. Peruvian &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceviche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ceviche&lt;/a&gt;). There are other like &lt;strong&gt;Arroz con Pato&lt;/strong&gt; than can be translated to something like &lt;strong&gt;Rice with Duck&lt;/strong&gt;. Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Peruvian_dishes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;list&lt;/a&gt; from Wikipedia of different peruvian dishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is okay to translate dishes names whenever is possible or the name should stay according to its country of origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T03:02:56.610" Title="When it is okay to translate food dishes names?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1678" CreationDate="2012-02-01T21:01:04.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would do what restaurants do, which is, use the original name if there isn't a similar or equal dish in the local country and just proceed to describe the dish, listing the ingredients that is made of and how the dish is served on the table (ie. decorated with herbs, sprinkled with ..., etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-02-02T03:02:56.610" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T03:02:56.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1677" CreationDate="2012-02-01T21:07:14.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems new to me aswell but according to the RAE reclamo has nothing to do with a complaint. I know this sounds outrageous but look at the definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=reclamo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reclamo.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ave amaestrada que se lleva a la caza para que con su canto atraiga a otras de su especie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Voz con que un ave llama a otra de su especie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Instrumento para llamar a las aves en la caza imitando su voz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Sonido de este instrumento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Voz o grito con que se llama a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Señal hecha en los impresos o manuscritos para atraer la atención del lector.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Propaganda de una mercancía, espectáculo, doctrina, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cosa que atrae o convida.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Impr. Palabra o sílaba que solía ponerse en lo impreso, al fin de cada plana, y era la misma con que había de empezar la plana&#xA;  siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;acudir alguien al ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Ir adonde ha oído que hay algo conveniente a su propósito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of reclamación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=reclamo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reclamación.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. reclamatĭo, -ōnis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de reclamar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Oposición o contradicción que se hace a algo como injusto, o mostrando no consentir en ello.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the main difference is that reclamo has nothing to do with a complaint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, colloquially there is a slim difference between the two that are widely used as synonyms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reclamación is referring to the action of doing a complaint. &lt;em&gt;Complaining&lt;/em&gt; even if the translation is not literally that. You could totally use &lt;strong&gt;Libro de reclamos&lt;/strong&gt; and the one they used is correct too &lt;strong&gt;(at least colloquially)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on the region, or some obscure grammatical usage referring to the preference of actions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case I am very surprised that reclamo isn't a queja. Only definition that gets close to it is &quot;Voz o grito con que se llama a alguien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments I think that reclamo is really used as origin of the conjugation of reclamar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver conjugación &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=reclamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reclamar1.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. reclamāre, de re y clamāre, gritar, llamar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Clamar o llamar con repetición o mucha instancia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Pedir o exigir con derecho o con instancia algo. Reclamar el precio de un trabajo. Reclamar atención.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Llamar a las aves con el reclamo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Der. Dicho de la autoridad: Llamar a un prófugo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Der. Dicho del juez competente: Pedir el reo o la causa en que otro entiende indebidamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Clamar contra algo, oponerse a ello de palabra o por escrito. Reclamar contra un fallo, contra un acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. poét. resonar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Dicho de ciertas aves de la misma especie: Llamarse unas a otras. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reclamar2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De reclame1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Dicho de izar una vela o halar un aparejo: Hasta que las relingas de aquella o los guarnes de este queden muy tesos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I think it is a mere coincidence that reclamo is a word all by itself and that the conjugation of reclamar is reclamo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that on the definition of reclamar that it is to challenge something, or to ask for your rights.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference is that reclamación is explicitly to correct something that was done wrongly, or something that was perceived as unfair. Or to oppose to it, to make a complaint against it. And that reclamar is only the action of doing so, maybe the action is not reinvindicating something that was unfair, it may only be a complaint about the place being too clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make myself clear: All reclamaciones are complaints but not all &quot;yo reclamo&quot; are complaints. (I conjugated it to make clear that they are different as just a noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So technically Libro de reclamos is &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for the long answer. I hope it was helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-02-01T22:08:09.207" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T22:08:09.207" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1678" CreationDate="2012-02-02T02:22:46.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; happen is given by many factors, including context and intent. Is it for a restaurant that you need this translation? Is it for a mid-school report? Is it for a deep analysis and further submission to a dedicated culinary magazine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, here are some thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The country of origin&lt;/em&gt; is a bit difficult to know, and a vague question in general. Even the Wikipedia article about ceviche that you mention in your question serves as an example of this. As another example, both Chile and Peru claim the origin of Pisco Sour (that discussion has been particularly popular in the last couple of years, at least here in Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you have the spelling. One of the bests restaurants for ceviche in the Peruvian city of Arequipa is called &lt;em&gt;Cebillano&lt;/em&gt;, and the corresponding spelling there is &lt;strong&gt;cebiche&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have your own internal rules as to when to translate certain names (how purist you are). Should &lt;em&gt;New York&lt;/em&gt; be translated to &lt;em&gt;Nueva York&lt;/em&gt;? Is it &lt;em&gt;Boston Red Sox&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Medias Rojas de Boston&lt;/em&gt;? Both are OK in a given context. Whichever you choose will be OK if the context is adequate. Same with food and specific dishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is that you should avoid translating names of dishes that might not result in a natural description of their contents. &lt;em&gt;Rice with duck&lt;/em&gt; is descriptive enough, but perhaps there is an established name for the same plate in the country where you live, or where you want to present your translation, in which case it would be better to use the local name. If the name of the dish is just a fancy or fantasy name, maybe you should keep it (for example, names of drinks), and explain its contents if you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T02:22:46.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1684" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1686" CreationDate="2012-02-02T18:37:10.343" Score="4" ViewCount="621" Body="&lt;p&gt;In informal English, we use the phrase &quot;to wind up&quot; to describe the final state of a situation, after all is said and done. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did you wind up moving to Kansas after growing up in Florida?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What did you wind up doing for dinner last night?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just wound up working here, I'm not really sure how it happened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dictionaries say this could be translated as &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;. What are the possible ways of translating this concept to Spanish, and what are the differences between them? Which is the most common or natural-sounding translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T04:43:31.600" Title="Translating &quot;to wind up (doing something)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1684" CreationDate="2012-02-02T21:34:09.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say that &quot;acabar&quot; or &quot;terminar&quot; are the most idiomatic translations in Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did you wind up moving to Kansas after growing up in Florida? -&gt; ¿Cómo acabaste mudándote a Kansas después de haberte criado en Florida?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T21:34:09.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1684" CreationDate="2012-02-02T22:26:29.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of the three translations you mention, I would not use &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;. As @CesarGon mentions, &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; are common words to express what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;acabaste&lt;/em&gt; mudándote a Kansas...? / ¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;terminaste&lt;/em&gt; mudándote a Kansas...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;em&gt;terminaste&lt;/em&gt; haciendo para la cena anoche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente &lt;em&gt;terminé&lt;/em&gt; trabajando aquí, no estoy seguro cómo sucedió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say both are correct and people will understand you either way. However, it seems to me, as a native speaker of Spanish, that &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; is more common and/or more natural, although, as usual, there might be regional differences I'm not aware of. I cannot really explain why I think it's natural with a strong argument, it's just something intuitive: &amp;quot;it feels better&amp;quot; using &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;. It might be that &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; has a stronger connotation of an ending (of a final state, as you said), while &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; has other meanings as well. I mention three, for completeness:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;It just happened&amp;quot; can be translated as &amp;quot;acaba de ocurrir&amp;quot;, so &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; can be used in the context of something recent, but &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; cannot be used like that. In your example of &amp;quot;winding up having this job&amp;quot;, that's a question that you can explain years after you actually got it, and in that case you would say &amp;quot;terminé trabajando aquí&amp;quot;; if you got the job recently, you can also say &amp;quot;acabé terminando aquí&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabar&lt;/em&gt; means to have an orgasm, but  &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; does not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;give the finishing touches&lt;/em&gt; (for example, to a painting or a new building), in the sense of putting attention to details, try for excellence. In contrast, &lt;em&gt;terminar una pintura&lt;/em&gt; has a connotation of &lt;em&gt;finish it already&lt;/em&gt;, that is, do it soon and don't mind the details/quality. When an object (especially a hand-crafted object) has been perfected, you say that the object &amp;quot;tiene un buen acabado&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to summarize: both are correct, but go for &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; if in doubt. It is closer to your intended meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T21:51:56.127" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1706" CreationDate="2012-02-02T22:28:06.613" Score="3" ViewCount="1753" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is similar to that of jrdioko's &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1684/translating-to-wind-up-doing-something&quot;&gt;&quot;to wind up (doing something)&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the expression I'm looking for is: &lt;em&gt;&quot;To wind (somebody) up&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this is an idiomatic expression so there may or may not be a good translation. In spanish I could say &lt;em&gt;'molestar'&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;'enojar'&lt;/em&gt; to say that I'm annoying or angering someone but thats not really the meaning I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English &lt;em&gt;'to wind someone up'&lt;/em&gt; is to make them tense/nervous/excited (usually on purpose) or to taunt/tease them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a good way to say this or a similar expression in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T15:11:21.097" Title="Translation of the idiom: &quot;To wind (somebody) up&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1707" CreationDate="2012-02-03T00:18:47.470" Score="1" ViewCount="1823" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1684/translating-to-wind-up-doing-something&quot;&gt;other&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1687/translation-of-the-idiom-to-wind-somebody-up&quot;&gt;questions&lt;/a&gt; about &quot;wind&quot; got me thinking about it's normal verb use. To &quot;wind&quot; something is to wrap it in circles, either around an object or simply making a coil. For this use, it looks like Spanish has several words: &lt;em&gt;ovillar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;devanar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enroscar&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;enrollar&lt;/em&gt;. What are the differences between these words, and how is each used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T17:49:25.697" Title="Translation of &quot;to wind (a rope, hose, string, cord, etc.)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1689" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1833" CreationDate="2012-02-03T00:35:58.933" Score="3" ViewCount="2848" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English there are many words describing different kinds of long, skinny, flexible objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cord&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;line (as in fishing line, clothesline)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;strand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lace (as in shoe lace)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;thread&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rope&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wire&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several of these have very specific meanings, but others can be used very generically. Spanish has several words as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuerda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cordón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alambre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hilo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;soga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sedal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ramal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;filamento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hebra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cordel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are some I'm missing in both languages. In general, I'd like to know which words in Spanish express this concept and what each can refer to (for example, in English cable generally refers to a cord made of or containing metal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-18T08:13:22.983" Title="Translation of cord, cable, string, line, thread, rope, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1719" CreationDate="2012-02-03T00:48:36.543" Score="5" ViewCount="17779" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, salsa, hot sauce, or other spicy foods are often classified as either mild (not very spicy), medium (moderately spicy), or hot (very spicy). Does Spanish have similar adjectives to describe the range of spiciness of food?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2020-12-29T23:11:58.637" Title="Translation of mild, medium, and hot (food spiciness)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1725" CreationDate="2012-02-03T01:16:02.033" Score="2" ViewCount="3618" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the phrase &amp;quot;I rest my case&amp;quot; can be used in a conversation by one person whose point has just been proven by the other person. In a legal sense, it would mean that a lawyer has concluded their argument, but in an idiomatic sense it can be used more generally. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: You eat &lt;em&gt;way&lt;/em&gt; too much during the day. You need to go on a diet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: That's not true. I only have breakfast, brunch, lunch, dinner, and 4-5 snacks during the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: I rest my case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a similar idiom or phrase used in these situations in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T15:05:45.853" Title="Translation of &quot;I rest my case&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1702" CreationDate="2012-02-03T01:32:17.957" Score="4" ViewCount="3765" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned that &quot;just in case&quot; should be translated &lt;em&gt;por si acaso&lt;/em&gt;, but I have also heard &lt;em&gt;por si&lt;/em&gt; used by itself without the &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;. I believe I've even heard &lt;em&gt;si acaso&lt;/em&gt; without the &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference? Is it just stylistic, or are the cases where you must use one or the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T08:32:49.907" Title="What is the difference between &quot;por si&quot; and &quot;por si acaso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1701" CreationDate="2012-02-03T01:52:09.303" Score="5" ViewCount="28476" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;haiga&lt;/em&gt;? Is it a properly conjugated form of a verb? Or a regional variant or improper conjugation? Where/when is it used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2021-05-05T12:00:06.393" Title="What does &quot;haiga&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1697" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:10:09.673" Score="0" ViewCount="7681" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most recognized song in the English language is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Birthday_to_You&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Happy Birthday to You&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (the common song sung on someone's birthday). What songs in Spanish are traditionally sung on birthdays (and what are the lyrics)? Are there a handful that are most common, or does every country tend to have its own?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T12:18:13.987" Title="Happy Birthday songs in Spanish" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2012-02-04T07:22:35.000" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1699" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:15:51.320" Score="12" ViewCount="129269" Body="&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard both &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones!&lt;/em&gt; as translations of the interjection, &quot;Congratulations!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the two, and when is each used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones!&lt;/em&gt; ambas como traducciones de la interjección &quot;Congratulations!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre las dos y cuándo se usa cada una?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T21:31:54.347" LastActivityDate="2020-04-17T21:36:38.707" Title="Congratulations: should I use &quot;felicidades&quot; or &quot;felicitaciones&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1709" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:24:27.173" Score="3" ViewCount="8125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read that &quot;real estate&quot; can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bienes raíces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bienes inmuebles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inmuebles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these terms, and which is the most generic translation of &quot;real estate&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T05:16:52.670" Title="Translation of &quot;real estate&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1694" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:40:17.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are heaps of different ways to sing the Happy Birthday Song and they are regional. When I attend my University's Spanish Club and it's someones birthday everyone starts singing a different song. (But in the end we usually sing the first version I list here, probably due to the ethnicities of the people at the club.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina I sang:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que los cumplas feliz,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que los cumplas feliz,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que los cumplas a (name),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que los cumplas feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are many variations, sometimes a completely different song, sometimes only slightly different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz Cumpleaños a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz Cumpleaños a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz Cumpleaños a (name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz Cumpleaños a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cumpleaños feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cumpleaños feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te deseamos (name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cumpleaños feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Colombian friend sung this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que los cumpla feliz,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que los vuelva a cumplir,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que los siga cumpliendo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hasta el año 3000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry I don't know which regions sing which songs, if anyone does feel free to edit the post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T12:18:13.987" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T12:18:13.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1690" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:45:44.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;leve - mild&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;medio - medium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;muy picante - hot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T02:45:44.327" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2012-02-03T02:53:46.267" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Felicidades&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;felicitaciones&lt;/strong&gt; are practically always interchangeable. A native Spanish friend of mine couldn't really tell me the difference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to translate them to show the difference I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Felicitaciones! - Congratulations!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Felicidades! - I wish you happiness!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a good example from another site that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por ejemplo si vos querés felicitar a alguien que tuvo un bebé le decís Felicitaciones y si le decís Felicidades le estás, además de felicitándolo, augurando felicidad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T02:53:46.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2012-02-03T03:03:36.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haiga&lt;/strong&gt; - big/posh car (slang)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haiga&lt;/strong&gt; - A common &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;incorrect&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; conjugation of the verb &lt;em&gt;'haber'&lt;/em&gt;. I have seen this been used a few times when the person really wants to&#xA;  say &lt;em&gt;'haya'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="312" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T03:24:38.847" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T03:24:38.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2012-02-03T03:12:42.200" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a regional variant of &quot;haya&quot; (first and third singular person, subjunctive present of the verb &quot;haber&quot;). You will hear that word from some people with low education in a natural manner, and also from well-educated people in an informal conversation, either trying to make a joke or just put emphasis on the word by pronouncing it incorrectly (especially when &quot;haiga&quot; is pronounced slowly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find that word in a written document, it will probably be part of a dialogue, in which case you should probably assume that the character is not well educated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the dictionary, &quot;haiga&quot; it is also a noun, an informal word for a big, ostentatious car. However, this is the first time I hear about that meaning, and I'm a native speaker of Spanish. Maybe it's just a local word in some country, and this origin might be irrelevant since the word is not used very much (that, according to the diccionary as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T03:12:42.200" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1692" CreationDate="2012-02-03T03:27:42.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In principle, the three combinations have different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por si acaso&lt;/em&gt; is an expression which adequately translates &lt;em&gt;just in case&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por si&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;might be&lt;/strong&gt; a shortening of &lt;em&gt;por si acaso&lt;/em&gt;. Perhaps you heard &lt;em&gt;por si las moscas&lt;/em&gt;, and couldn't make sense of it. That is a slang variation of &lt;em&gt;por si acaso&lt;/em&gt;. A couple of examples where it is used as a shortening of &lt;em&gt;por si acaso&lt;/em&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer (algo) &lt;strong&gt;por si&lt;/strong&gt; (algo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerraré la puerta con llave &lt;strong&gt;por si&lt;/strong&gt; hay ladrones merodeando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahorré dinero &lt;strong&gt;por si&lt;/strong&gt; llegaba la crisis económica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  However, I believe this is not a correct use of the language, though it might be common in some places. It doesn't sound right to me, at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;si acaso&lt;/em&gt; sounds like a slang variation and not entirely correct (actually, it sounds worse than &lt;em&gt;por si&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerraré la puerta &lt;strong&gt;si acaso&lt;/strong&gt; hay ladrones merodeando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si acaso&lt;/strong&gt; vienes a visitarme, cocinaré pavo para ti.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T03:27:42.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-03T04:39:50.340" Score="4" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;The American football position of &lt;em&gt;quarterback&lt;/em&gt; is sometimes translated to Spanish as &lt;em&gt;mariscal de campo&lt;/em&gt; (literally &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_marshal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;field marshal&lt;/a&gt;) It does not seem like this is the &lt;em&gt;official&lt;/em&gt; translation since RAE limits &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?IDLEMA=76637&amp;amp;NEDIC=Si&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mariscal de campo&lt;/a&gt; to its military meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the name certainly fits the role, where and when did this translation originate? What individual or organization came up with this translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T20:39:56.540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T21:56:17.023" Title="&quot;Mariscal de campo&quot; for &quot;quarterback&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1694" CreationDate="2012-02-03T06:59:52.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, we usually sing the Happy Birthday song with the following lyrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cumpleaños feliz&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cumpleaños feliz&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  te deseamos (name) OR te deseamos todos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cumpleaños feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another one, which apparently was composed by Emilio Aragón (Miliki, a famous clown), called &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feliz,_feliz_en_tu_d%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Feliz en tu día&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliz, feliz en tu día&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  amiguito que Dios te bendiga&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que reine la paz en tu día&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y que cumplas muchos más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/LX2nxZvO6DQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;See a video with Miliki and family singing it&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is quite known, probably because these clowns' show was very famous back in the day, but not used very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T06:59:52.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1691" CreationDate="2012-02-03T08:13:45.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the context. In your example you could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comes demasiado, deberías hacer dieta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es cierto. Sólo desayuno, meriendo, como, ceno y tomo 4 o 5 tentempiés al día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pues eso/ Lo que te decía/ ¿Y eso no es mucho? (Ironic)/ Tú mismo la has dicho/A las pruebas me remito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other context yo could use &quot;He dicho&quot; in informal conversation it's kind of a joke maybe when you want to sound softer or not so serious, following with the conversation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exageras, no es para tanto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí es para tanto, cada día comes más y haces menos ejercicio, estás engordando. He dicho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T08:13:45.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1687" CreationDate="2012-02-03T08:38:23.297" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The more general transaltion would be &quot;provocar&quot; There are a lot of more informal ways to say it, but I'm afraid they're very regional. In Spain you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pinchar: When you wind someone up with making fun of them with some offensive or delicate matter for them. You're aiming to make them uncomfortable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chinchar: When you wind someone up in a childish way. You're aiming to exasperate them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Picar: Also used when you're trying to provoke so into doing something dangerous or ridiculous.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buscar: This one is more used when someone is looking for a brawl. &quot;Si me buscas me vas a encontrar&quot; is a usual way to say someone to stop provoking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Informal (As Cesar says in comments)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tocar las narices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highly informal, even rude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tocar los huevos/cojones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T15:11:21.097" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T15:11:21.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1688" CreationDate="2012-02-03T08:48:10.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ovillar is when you make a ball with the material you're winding (?) for example a ball of yarn in spanish is &quot;ovillo de lana&quot;. It's also used with persons and animals when they curl themselves up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Devanar is the general verb and means (from RAE) 1. tr. Ir dando vueltas sucesivas a un hilo, alambre, cuerda, etc., alrededor de un eje, carrete, etc.etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enroscar is to put something in form of a thread or, again, to curl up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enrollar has a lot of meanings so I'mpasting the RAE definition:&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dar a algo forma de rollo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Empedrar con rollos (‖ cantos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Convencer a alguien para que haga algo, liar. Enrolló a su padre para que le comprara la moto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Encandilar, sugestionar. El concierto de anoche me enrolló muchísimo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Extenderse demasiado de palabra o por escrito. En el examen me enrollé llenando dos folios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Dejarse absorber por una actividad. Me enrollé CON la novela hasta las tres de la mañana Se enrolla CON la política&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Ser sociable. Se enrolla muy bien CON sus compañeros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Tener relaciones amorosas, normalmente pasajeras. Se ha enrollado CON una mujer mayor que él&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. El Salv. Adular a alguien interesadamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T08:48:10.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1694" CreationDate="2012-02-03T15:53:04.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we sing &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gomexico.about.com/od/historyculture/qt/mananitas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;las mañanitas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas son las mañanitas que cantaba el rey David, hoy por ser tu&#xA;  cumpleaños te las cantamos a ti, despierta (name) despierta mira que&#xA;  ya amaneció, ya los pajarillos cantan, la luna ya se metió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This short version is what usually people sing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T15:53:04.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1696" CreationDate="2012-02-03T16:19:23.360" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bienes raíces&lt;/em&gt; is the most used one in Chile. According to the dictionary, &lt;em&gt;bienes inmuebles&lt;/em&gt; is the same as &lt;em&gt;bienes raíces&lt;/em&gt;, but I couldn't say how widespread is each of them in other places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Real estate broker&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;agente de bienes raíces&lt;/em&gt;. Note that &lt;em&gt;broker&lt;/em&gt; is used as &lt;em&gt;agent&lt;/em&gt;. Also &lt;em&gt;agente inmobiliario&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;agente de inmuebles&lt;/em&gt;, see last paragraph).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another translation for &lt;em&gt;real estate broker&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;corredor de bienes raíces&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;corredor de propiedades&lt;/em&gt; (and I guess that &lt;em&gt;corredor de bienes inmuebles&lt;/em&gt; is also correct). When the context is clear, you might just say &quot;corredor&quot;. That is, when there's no way of mistaking a *corredor (&lt;em&gt;de propiedades&lt;/em&gt;) for a &lt;em&gt;corredor&lt;/em&gt; (runner, athlete) or a &lt;em&gt;corredor de bolsa&lt;/em&gt; (stockbroker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;propiedad&lt;/em&gt; is just a property, both in the sense of a possession and of a quality. A house, for example, is &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; property, and a herb may have medicinal properties (&lt;em&gt;una yerba puede tener propiedades medicinales&lt;/em&gt;). That's why &lt;em&gt;corredor de propiedades&lt;/em&gt; is another name for a broker. However, I have not heard &lt;em&gt;agente de propiedades&lt;/em&gt;, though it might be correct as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inmueble&lt;/em&gt; is a house, or, more generally speaking, any inhabitable building. It is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the same as real estate, since &lt;em&gt;inmueble&lt;/em&gt; is countable and &lt;em&gt;real estate&lt;/em&gt; is uncountable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T16:19:23.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1696" CreationDate="2012-02-03T17:37:04.353" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;All tree translations are correct for “real estate”, although the most common in Spain is just  &lt;em&gt;propiedad&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;propiedad inmobiliaria&lt;/em&gt; to disambiguate) or &lt;em&gt;inmueble&lt;/em&gt;. On the other hand &lt;em&gt;bienes raíces&lt;/em&gt; is rarely used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For “real estate” used in adjective phrase would be &lt;em&gt;inmobiliario&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full translation for real estate agency would be &lt;em&gt;agencia inmobiliaria&lt;/em&gt;, however most often word &lt;em&gt;agencia&lt;/em&gt; is dropped, thus you just call it &lt;em&gt;inmobiliaria&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General term for real estate registry is &lt;em&gt;registro de la propiedad&lt;/em&gt;, however the one in Spain is called &lt;em&gt;el Catastro&lt;/em&gt; (formally &lt;em&gt;el Catastro Inmobiliario&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T17:37:04.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3555" CreationDate="2012-02-03T22:21:43.127" Score="3" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English (at least American English), &quot;twang&quot; is an onomatopoeia describing the sound of a plucked or vibrating string. It also describes a characteristic of that sound (more common in, say, country music or certain types of guitars). Is there any close word in Spanish for &quot;twang&quot;? If not, how would you describe this concept to a Spanish speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T21:23:40.330" Title="Translation of &quot;twang&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;música&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1712" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1714" CreationDate="2012-02-03T22:27:57.050" Score="4" ViewCount="70208" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that &lt;em&gt;me gusta&lt;/em&gt; usually has a romantic connotation when referring to people (as opposed to just saying that you get along well with someone). What about &lt;em&gt;me encanta&lt;/em&gt;? Does it always have romantic undertones or can it be used non-romantically to refer to a close friend or someone you deeply respect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T12:07:42.060" Title="When is &quot;me encanta&quot; romantic?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1721" CreationDate="2012-02-03T22:40:54.507" Score="4" ViewCount="1269" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;to encourage&quot; seems to have at least two uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to suggest that someone should do something (e.g. &quot;He encouraged me to find a new guitar teacher.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to give confidence or hope to someone (e.g. &quot;In a rough time of life, he was always there to encourage me when I was feeling down.&quot; or &quot;It's really encouraging to see how you've grown over the past year.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can these senses be translated to Spanish? As far as I know, there are at least three words in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;fomentar&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what about the noun form (encouragement) or the adjective form (encouraging)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2019-05-19T20:18:19.043" Title="Words for &quot;to encourage&quot;: alentar, animar, fomentar" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1712" CreationDate="2012-02-03T23:17:18.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would not use &lt;em&gt;me encanta&lt;/em&gt; to refer to somebody I &lt;strong&gt;just&lt;/strong&gt; respect (however deeply). I would use it, however, to refer to somebody I admire very much or something that I like very much:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta el trabajo de Bertrand Russell, creo que sus ideas son geniales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta Cervantes, pues El Quijote es una maravilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta el cine, veo muchas películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, if you are &lt;em&gt;encantado&lt;/em&gt; by somebody, it means that you &lt;em&gt;admire&lt;/em&gt; that person in the sense that you like them very much, not necessarily in a romantic fashion. You might have the deepest respect for a person like Ghandi, because you admire his passion, but if you don't agree with his ideas, you'd probably never say that you are &lt;em&gt;encantado&lt;/em&gt; by him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, you may respect somebody very much without considering them role models, but if you are &lt;em&gt;encantado&lt;/em&gt; by somebody, that person is likely to play some kind of model for you: it is somebody whose example you'd follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The romantic point of view is also correct, but mostly in a context of two people who are very close and probably sharing an intimate moment (not necessarily sexual):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Me encantas!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me encantan tus caricias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A girl might say to her boyfriend &lt;em&gt;me encantas&lt;/em&gt; in public (or a guy to a girl, or other combinations), perhaps in front of a group of close friend or relatives. For example, after receiving a birthday present during a family reunion, something like &amp;quot;¡Gracias! Me encanta el regalo y me encantas tú&amp;quot; sounds natural and would not make other people feel uncomfortable. However, saying &lt;em&gt;me encantan tus caricias&lt;/em&gt; in front your partner's parents would probably end up being an awkward moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that answers your question!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T23:17:18.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1717" CreationDate="2012-02-04T04:54:13.453" Score="5" ViewCount="891" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please read the following sentence:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras años de litigios, en tres semanas, esas monedas de oro y plata estarán en donde &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; corresponde es decir, en nuestro país.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;les&quot; mean? If we don´t use &quot;les&quot;, how can we rewrite the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T09:56:02.770" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T09:56:02.770" Title="What does &quot;les&quot; mean here?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-04T05:04:10.553" Score="3" ViewCount="1411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please look at this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero hacen algo los críos, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Las marmotas ? no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, &lt;strong&gt;es la marmota que le sale&lt;/strong&gt;. Es la marmota y ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como si le saliera un grano al mar , un grano negro, una mota en el mar , marmota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También dícese del mar del, ¿Humorista castro manchego? mar-mota&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &amp;quot;le sale&amp;quot; mean here? Who is &amp;quot;le&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;How can we rewrite the sentence if we don't use &amp;quot;le&amp;quot;? (That is, how to replace the pronoun.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T17:37:22.510" Title="What does &quot;le&quot; mean here?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1715" CreationDate="2012-02-04T13:51:37.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Les&quot; is a personal pronoun that works here as an indirect-object (dative). It refers here to the coins (monedas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;donde &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; corresponde (estar) = where it suits &lt;strong&gt;them&lt;/strong&gt; (to be) = it's appropiate &lt;strong&gt;for/to them&lt;/strong&gt; (to be)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this particular example, I think that the pronoun could be omitted &quot;estarán donde corresponde&quot; - it actually sounds a little better to me, the  meaning is slightly different (the verb &quot;corresponder&quot; refers more to the situation than to the coins: &quot;where it's appropiate&quot;) but in this context it's equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-02-04T17:46:44.413" LastActivityDate="2012-02-04T17:46:44.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1716" CreationDate="2012-02-04T17:02:56.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This dialog seems quite senseless. It seems to be taken from a humorous show or dialog (because I think that the &quot;Humorista castro manchego&quot; is José Mota, the famous Spanish comedian, and for that reason he says &quot;mar-mota&quot; -sea of José Mota). Many of these shows uses a lot of sentences intentionally ambiguous and many times use grammatically incorrect sentences just for fun. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I think &quot;le sale&quot; is a use of the verb with an indirect object: so that this &quot;le&quot; would mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;to him&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. It's the same as saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;le salen a él. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as &quot;él&quot; is a pronoun when you say &quot;a él&quot; you have to add before the verb the pronoun &quot;le&quot;. Sometimes &quot;a él&quot; is ommited because it's understood by the context, but you can't ommit &quot;le&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;le salen a él = le salen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for example you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me salieron granos - I broke out in spots;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me salieron granos a mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="140" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T15:34:29.090" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T15:34:29.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1690" CreationDate="2012-02-04T17:05:10.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common way of speaking about spiciness&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poco/ligeramente picante&lt;/strong&gt;- mild&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt; - medium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muy picante&lt;/strong&gt; - hot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something is not spicy or slightly spicy we would say it is &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;suave&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-04T17:05:10.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1713" CreationDate="2012-02-04T21:53:28.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=alentar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alentar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Animar, infundir aliento o esfuerzo, dar vigor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. &lt;em&gt;To encourage&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt;), to give life or to give energy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=animar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;animar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incitar a alguien a una acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. &lt;em&gt;To encourage&lt;/em&gt; somebody to do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=fomentar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fomentar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Excitar, promover, impulsar o proteger algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. To excite, to &lt;em&gt;encourage&lt;/em&gt;, to boost or to protect something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt; are synonims when both means &lt;em&gt;encourage&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt; is more used in terms of &lt;em&gt;encourage&lt;/em&gt;. I use &lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt; when trying to encourage someone who is dealing with a depression of some kind.&#xA;As for &lt;em&gt;fomentar&lt;/em&gt;, I've never used as &lt;em&gt;to encourage&lt;/em&gt; someone , but &lt;em&gt;to promote&lt;/em&gt; something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the most used forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Noun. &lt;em&gt;encouragement&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ánimo&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adj. &lt;em&gt;encouraging&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;alentador&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-04T22:06:48.487" LastActivityDate="2012-02-04T22:06:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="356" CreationDate="2012-02-04T23:24:02.193" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of the infinitive when an imperative is required is a common error that unfortunately nowadays is spreading all around, and it happens with all verbs in imperative form in colloquial speech in Spain and other countries where the form &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is used in enclitic form (&lt;em&gt;-os&lt;/em&gt;) with an imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap9&quot;&gt;RAE FAQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is not considered proper, in careful speech, the use of the infinitive&#xA;  instead of the imperative to address an order to a plural second person&#xA;  as is often done in colloquial speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se considera correcto, en el habla esmerada, el uso del infinitivo&#xA;  en lugar del imperativo para dirigir una orden a una segunda persona&#xA;  del plural, como se hace a menudo en el habla coloquial:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡×Venir aquí ahora mismo, granujas!&lt;/em&gt; (Venid)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;×Poneros el pijama y ×dormiros cuanto antes.&lt;/em&gt; (Poneos/dormíos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is only valid to use the infinitive with imperative value addressing a&#xA;  singular or plural second person when it is preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  proper use of the colloquial spoken language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Solo es válido el empleo del infinitivo con valor de imperativo&#xA;  dirigido a una segunda persona del singular o del plural cuando&#xA;  aparece precedido de la preposición&lt;/em&gt; a, &lt;em&gt;uso propio de la lengua oral&#xA;  coloquial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Tú, a callar!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Niños, a dormir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same for &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;. Use of &lt;em&gt;iros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;,... when used as imperative, is a mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, every verb in imperative loses the last &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; when adding the enclitic &lt;em&gt;-os&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;poned&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;poned&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;poneos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the exception of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, which does not lose the final &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;idos&lt;/em&gt;). Even then, many people use the arcaic and incorrect form ×&lt;em&gt;íos&lt;/em&gt; (the correct imperative without the final &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; by comparison with other imperatives when using the enclitic &lt;em&gt;-os&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=ir%28se%29&quot;&gt;complete page&lt;/a&gt; dedicated to the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; in RAE archives. This is an excerpt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las formas de imperativo propias de este verbo son &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; (tú) e &lt;em&gt;id&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (vosotros) y, para los usos pronominales, &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt; (tú) e &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;idos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (vosotros)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe evitarse, para el imperativo singular, el uso de la forma vulgar&#xA;  ×&lt;em&gt;ves&lt;/em&gt; y, para el imperativo plural, el uso del infinitivo ×&lt;em&gt;iros&lt;/em&gt; y el de&#xA;  la forma arcaica ×&lt;em&gt;íos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The proper imperative forms of this verb are&lt;/em&gt; ve &lt;em&gt;(tú) and&lt;/em&gt; id&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(vosotros) and, for the pronominal uses,&lt;/em&gt; vete &lt;em&gt;(tú) and&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;idos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(vosotros)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It should be avoided, for the singular imperative, to use the vulgar form&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  ×ves &lt;em&gt;and, for the plural imperative, to use the infinitive&lt;/em&gt; ×iros &lt;em&gt;and the&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  *archaic form* ×íos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T09:45:49.163" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T09:45:49.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2012-02-05T10:08:57.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Playing with Google Translate I get these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noun:&lt;/strong&gt; tañido, sonido vibrante, acento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verb:&lt;/strong&gt; vibrar, hacer vibrar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentences where it seemed the most like it was focusing on the onomatopoeic sound itself the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was chosen most regularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously &lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt; has the primary sense of &quot;accent&quot;. It seems there may be no Spanish word that means &quot;twang&quot; and only &quot;twang&quot; but this is perfectly normal when mapping one language to another. There is &lt;em&gt;tañido&lt;/em&gt;, which I'm not familiar with. Wiktionary suggests it is more associated with bells than strings but it may also work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-08-23T00:41:27.677" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T00:41:27.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1691" CreationDate="2012-02-05T22:32:43.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a lot of movies is translated as &lt;em&gt;No tengo más preguntas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;No hay más preguntas&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;“I rest my case” is used formally in court, and even in that case is often translated in such manner because the lawyer saying that stops asking questions to the witness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Comes mucho durante el día. ¿No deberías hacer dieta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: ¡No es cierto!, Sólo desayuno, almuerzo, como, ceno y tomo 4 ó 5 aperitivos a lo largo del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: No tengo más preguntas. &lt;em&gt;(sarcasm)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T15:05:45.853" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T15:05:45.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1691" CreationDate="2012-02-06T02:07:42.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first phrase that comes to mind is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A confesión de parte, relevo de prueba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes shortened to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A confesión de parte...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea being that if the accused party admits its guilt, there's no need for additional proof (which is pretty much like resting the case, I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T02:07:42.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1712" CreationDate="2012-02-06T03:35:37.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contrary to Janoma, I've used the expression &lt;em&gt;me encanta&lt;/em&gt; many times to refer to some girl I liked a lot, usually in confidence to some friend, as in &lt;code&gt;Esa mina me encanta&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Mina&lt;/em&gt; is slang for girl/woman in Argentina. &lt;em&gt;Me gusta&lt;/em&gt; would also be ok, but with a lot less intensity, to the point that &lt;em&gt;Esa mina me gusta&lt;/em&gt; would not make much sense. &lt;code&gt;Esa mina me encanta&lt;/code&gt; is very similar to saying &lt;code&gt;esa mina me mata&lt;/code&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;me mata&lt;/em&gt; has a more physical connotation than &lt;em&gt;me encanta&lt;/em&gt;. Alguien puede encantarte por su forma de ser, pero el físico de otra puede ser matador (de ahí que te mata). &lt;code&gt;Esa mina me vuelve loco&lt;/code&gt; is another way of saying the same thing, that can mean slightly different things depending on the situation. She can &lt;em&gt;volverte loco&lt;/em&gt; for her personality, for her body, or some combination of factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="352" LastEditDate="2012-02-06T03:41:46.860" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T03:41:46.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1732" CreationDate="2012-02-06T10:20:27.933" Score="23" ViewCount="21994" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused with the uses of &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems they are used according to different situations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please tell me what are the differences are and provide some examples?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T23:46:43.533" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T23:46:43.533" Title="Differences betwen &quot;ahí&quot;, &quot;allí&quot;, and &quot;allá&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1729" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1731" CreationDate="2012-02-06T10:51:17.693" Score="3" ViewCount="997" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both the captioned words mean &quot;enroll, register&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;matricular&quot; is a transitive verb and &quot;matricularse&quot; is a reflexive verb.&#xA;But they have no difference in meaning but just &quot;matricular&quot; follows a noun and &quot;matricularse&quot; needs the reflexive pronouns, right?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Could you please provide an example for both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T16:32:22.710" Title="&quot;matricular&quot; y &quot;matricularme&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1729" CreationDate="2012-02-06T12:03:51.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Matricular has 3 meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=matricular&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;matricular&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Inscribir o hacer inscribir el nombre de alguien en la matrícula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Inscribir un vehículo en el registro oficial de un país o demarcación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Dicho de una persona: Hacer que inscriban su nombre en la matrícula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;first&lt;/strong&gt; one is to register the name of somebody to take part in an event. It is typically used for academic events like courses or subjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La secretaria matriculó a María Pérez ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;almost the same meaning is the &lt;strong&gt;third&lt;/strong&gt; one (which is used in a pronominal way). In that case you're stating that the person is registered (though we don't know who registered the person).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he matriculado en Cálculo Avanzado I&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if I say that it means that my name is registered in that subject, but it can be that I registered by myself (for example by doing it in a website) or I just went to the office and asked there to be registered by the secretary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To indicate the name of the subject or course, I've often heard after &amp;quot;matricularse&amp;quot; prepositions &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (at least In Spain both of them are very common) so you can hear things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me he matriculado en esa asignatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me he matriculado de esa asignatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/strong&gt; meaning is to register the number plate of a car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedes sacar el coche del concesionario sin matricularlo antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T12:10:23.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1729" CreationDate="2012-02-06T12:18:51.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;matricularse&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; to enroll or register oneself&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;marticuar&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; to enroll or register someone else or something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me matriculé en el curso.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; I've enrolled for the class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matriculé mi coche.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; I've registered my car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-02-06T16:32:22.710" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T16:32:22.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1728" CreationDate="2012-02-06T12:32:53.977" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there are no strong differences between those words, at least in spoken language. There might be tiny differences according to the dictionary, but here are a few examples of their use, at least uses I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; are basically the same, but &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; seems to be less used than &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; (according to RAE, though I disagree). Both indicate a physical place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahí está Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El accidente ocurrió allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por ahí&lt;/em&gt; is used to indicate a place that is close by, or a place that is undetermined altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a caminar por ahí&lt;/em&gt; is something like &quot;I'm going for a walk around&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por ahí se cuenta que...&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;It is said (around) that...&quot;, or &quot;It is being said here and there that...&quot;, implying that a rumor &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; being spread, but without compromising with an actual location where this might've happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; indicates time, but &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; does not. That is the one difference between both words. I must say, however, that I have not heard that use much here in Chile. It might be common in other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allí fue el trabajo&lt;/em&gt; is the example in the dictionary. It means something like &lt;em&gt;the job was back then&lt;/em&gt;, meaning a past time that should be clear from the context (the rest of the conversation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá&lt;/em&gt; indicates some place that could be far from you and a bit undetermined at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá en Rusia&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;there in Russia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá lejos&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;there, far away&quot;. Basically, you wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; here, because, roughly speaking, you would use &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; only when you refer to a place that you can point with your finger (&lt;em&gt;allí en la colina&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;there, over the hill&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá&lt;/em&gt; also indicates time, but a remote past only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá en tiempo del Imperio Romano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá en la prehistoria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, there are a couple of uses of &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; that do not apply to &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El más allá&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;the underworld&quot;, in the sense of &quot;the world beyond&quot;, not necessarily with a connotation of punishment (as in &quot;hell&quot;). When people die they go to the &quot;más allá&quot;, and this could be heaven, hell or some other place or reality depending of one's beliefs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allá tú&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;have it your own way&quot;. For example, if two people are discussing a plan of action and one of them is absolutely determined to proceed in a specific manner, the other one might get tired of arguing and say &lt;em&gt;allá tú&lt;/em&gt;, as in &quot;I give up, have it your own way&quot;. Same with &lt;em&gt;allá él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá ella&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá ellos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá ustedes/vosotros&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;allá usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T12:32:53.977" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1781" CreationDate="2012-02-06T17:27:06.123" Score="2" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=desafuero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; says that the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;desafuero&lt;/em&gt; can be used to refer to the &quot;withdrawal of parliamentary/ministerial privileges.&quot; I recently saw this word used in this sense in a newspaper article. Is there a single word or phrase in English that has this technical meaning? Or would it be translated as the whole definition: &quot;withdrawal of parliamentary/ministerial privileges&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2012/02/02/poderes/89329&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The article's&lt;/a&gt; headline was: &quot;Insisten en desafuero a Montealegre.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T17:27:25.330" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:36:25.080" Title="Translation of &quot;desafuero&quot; to English" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-03-04T12:39:33.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8300" CreationDate="2012-02-06T17:39:38.510" Score="0" ViewCount="1193" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most common way in Spanish to express &quot;have (someone) do (something)&quot;? For example, a boss might say to his secretary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have the marketing manager come see me ASAP!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T03:38:29.037" Title="Translation of &quot;have (someone) do (something)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1741" CreationDate="2012-02-06T17:58:20.187" Score="3" ViewCount="7254" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most common translation of ASAP (As Soon As Possible) in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuanto antes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuanto antes posible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lo más pronto posible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuanto antes, mejor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these all common and interchangeable, or is one used most often?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T17:52:19.893" Title="Translation of &quot;ASAP&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1736" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-06T18:56:00.927" Score="1" ViewCount="15145" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, words like pants, shorts, and jeans appear to be in the plural but really refer to one item of clothing (I don't know what the technical term for it is). To be more specific, you can say &quot;one pair of pants/shorts/jeans.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the situation with these words in Spanish? What are the singular and plural of pants, shorts, and jeans? Is &quot;pair of (item)&quot; ever used? How would you refer to a single &quot;leg&quot; of one of these items of clothing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T14:27:00.370" Title="Singular and plural of pants, shorts, jeans, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1736" CreationDate="2012-02-06T19:58:09.897" Score="8" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The most common word is 'pantalones' (plural) and 'pantalón' (singular). Other types of pants are specified using adjectives: &quot;shorts&quot; will be &quot;pantalones cortos&quot; and jeans &quot;pantalones vaqueros&quot; (also valid in their singular forms).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As in English, you can use the plural form to refer to one item, and you can also use the singular form. Both forms are ok and have the same meaning, but I think the singular one is a bit less common.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use 'un par de pantalones' (a pair of pants), but not with the singular form.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A single leg is called 'pernera' (etimologically it means 'a place to put the leg')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T00:35:57.033" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T00:35:57.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1735" CreationDate="2012-02-06T20:02:22.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the forms are common and interchangeable, but the fourth one sounds a tiny bit less formal. Personally, I use 'lo antes posible'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T20:02:22.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1734" CreationDate="2012-02-06T20:26:43.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haz que el gerente de mercadeo me venga a ver lo antes posible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T08:31:07.107" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T08:31:07.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2012-02-06T21:06:28.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we always use 'felicidades'. 'Felicitaciones' is very uncommon and a lot of people will say that word doesn't even exist in that context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, 'felicitación' (singular form) &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; used. From the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;felicitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de felicitar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Tarjeta postal, telegrama, etc., con que se felicita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le envié una felicitación navideña (I sent him/her a Christmas card)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T18:53:12.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1735" CreationDate="2012-02-06T22:09:46.727" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not say &lt;em&gt;cuanto antes, mejor&lt;/em&gt;, because that's more like &quot;the sooner, the better&quot;, which doesn't have the sense of urgency of ASAP. &quot;The sonner, the better&quot; is probably true for any task that you are told to do (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;if it can be&lt;/strong&gt; soon, that would be better&quot;), but ASAP means that &lt;strong&gt;it has to be&lt;/strong&gt; really soon (urgency).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;em&gt;cuanto antes posible&lt;/em&gt; sounds incorrect to me, the correct form being &lt;em&gt;lo antes posible&lt;/em&gt;, as in Sergio's answer. I would also add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tan pronto como sea posible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tan pronto como te sea posible&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;as soon as it is possible for you&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con prontitud&lt;/em&gt; (a bit more formal, it means &quot;soon&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con prisa&lt;/em&gt; (again a bit formal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con diligencia&lt;/em&gt; (the same).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;De inmediato&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;right away/right now&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Altiro&lt;/em&gt; (in Chile only; it means &quot;right now, immediately&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct one will be given by how urgent the task is and how formal the petition is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T22:09:46.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2012-02-06T22:36:19.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few words in English that have the same meaning but nothing exact. If you brake the word down &quot;des&quot; prefix for undoing or disjointed and &quot;afuera&quot; is outside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting grounded by your parents is a &quot;disafuero&quot; it is a taking of some basic fredom(s) or right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being on parole can be construed as a &quot;disafuero&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="312" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T02:02:19.033" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T02:02:19.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-07T01:03:32.893" Score="6" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunas personas &lt;strong&gt;pensaban que no había&lt;/strong&gt; suficientes habitaciones&#xA;  para acomodar a tantos visitantes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VS &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunas personas &lt;strong&gt;no pensaban&#xA;  que hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; suficientes habitacions para acomodar a tantos&#xA;  visitantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these mean the same thing even though one uses the subjunctive and the other doesn't? The answer is probably an obvious yes as the negation is merely being moved around, but I thought I'd ask anyway just because the subjunctive was interesting to me. Is there any difference whatsoever in meaning or implication?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="82" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T01:45:02.793" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T13:30:40.580" Title="pensaban que no había suficientes habitaciones VS no pensaban que hubieran suficientes habitaciones" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1736" CreationDate="2012-02-07T02:56:54.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina it's used in both ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasame el pantalón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ponete los pantalones (referring to the pair).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde pusiste el pantalón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde pusiste los pantalones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO &lt;em&gt;par de pantalones&lt;/em&gt; is starting to get deprecated is normal speech (it takes too long to pronounce), while &lt;em&gt;pantalones&lt;/em&gt; can refer to the same pair of pants with much less effort, and you can use the plural term in &lt;strong&gt;every&lt;/strong&gt; situation, while &lt;em&gt;pair of anything&lt;/em&gt; may not be always the correct case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have two plants, you just say: &lt;em&gt;give me the plants&lt;/em&gt;, you are not obsessed with the fact that it is a pair of pants. It's the same for trousers. If you had a stack of trousers, you wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;give me the pairs of trousers&lt;/em&gt;, it would be just plain ridiculous :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T08:34:44.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1746" CreationDate="2012-02-07T06:50:19.907" Score="4" ViewCount="4232" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the use of &quot;un poco de&quot; and &quot;un poco&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Why can't we say &quot;Es un poco de moreno&quot;(He has a little dark skin.) but &quot;Es un poco moreno.&quot;??  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please provide some examples to expain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T10:36:38.413" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T22:50:05.043" Title="Difference between &quot;un poco de&quot; and &quot;un poco&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1745" CreationDate="2012-02-07T07:43:06.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Poco can be an adjective, a noun or an adverb. Leaving the adjective use aside:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it is a noun, the usage is &lt;em&gt;un poco de + noun&lt;/em&gt;: un poco de agua, un poco de arena...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it is an adverb, it's &lt;em&gt;un poco + adjective&lt;/em&gt;: poco alegre, poco moreno...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'd say it's like the English &quot;a little + adjective&quot; vs &quot;a little bit of + noun&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=poco&quot;&gt;The Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas has a more detailed answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your example, &quot;moreno&quot; is an adjective, so it goes with &quot;un poco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T08:37:43.557" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T08:37:43.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1749" CreationDate="2012-02-07T13:32:55.497" Score="2" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please read the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos por las noticias que las flores valían más caras que los años anteriores.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Al comenzar este invierno me enteré &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; la noticia &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que haría/iba a hacer mucho frío.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any differences between &quot;enterar por&quot; and &quot;enterar de&quot;?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why should we need &quot;de&quot; in &quot;la noticia de que haría/iba a hacer mucho frío&quot;? Can we omit it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T08:54:55.120" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T08:54:55.120" Title="Difference between &quot;enterar por&quot; and &quot;enterar de&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2012-02-07T13:44:22.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;...no pensaban que hubiera...&quot; is softer than &quot;...pensaban que no había...&quot;. I think it's the same in English: &quot;I don't think so&quot; is softer than &quot;I think not&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Spanish, if I say &quot;No pienso X&quot;, I'm not commiting myself regarding whether X or not-X is true. But if I say &quot;Pienso que no X&quot;, then I'm commiting myself to not-X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="507" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T13:44:22.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1747" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:01:27.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct construction is always :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de [algo / something ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the &amp;quot;something&amp;quot; is a phrase constructed with a verb, then it's preceeded with &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;; and in this last case, the &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; is sometimes omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de la noticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de la muerte de Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de que Juan murió.  (slightly less correct: Nos enteramos que Juan murió)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the examples in the original question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first phrase &amp;quot;por las noticias&amp;quot; is just a complementary expression, (&amp;quot;por medio de las noticias&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;a través de las noticias&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;via the news&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;by means of the news&amp;quot;), it is not gramatically attached to the verb, it could be put inside commas, or parentheses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos, por las noticias, que las flores valían más caras que los&#xA;años anteriores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even removed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos (...) que las flores valían más caras que los años anteriores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way: this reveals that the construction is slightly incorrect (though acceptable), it should be better &amp;quot;nos enteramos ... de que...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second phrase it's equivalent to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de la siguiente noticia: iba a hacer mucho frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de lo siguiente: iba a hacer mucho frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos enteramos de que iba a hacer mucho frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &amp;quot;la noticia&amp;quot; is slightly redundant here, it just emphasizes that the information was news for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDITED: Regarding the added question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me enteré de la noticia de que iba a ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me enteré de la noticia que iba a ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence is the correct one, although it doesn't sound very nice. The omission of &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;de&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the second sentece is incorrect, but it's a minor error: in common speak both forms are accepted. A nicer alternative is: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;me enteré de la noticia: iba a&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some reading material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lapatria.com/story/salvataje-miedo-al-deque%C3%ADsmo-has-haz-barista&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.lapatria.com/story/salvataje-miedo-al-deque%C3%ADsmo-has-haz-barista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.udistrital.edu.co/wpmu/flrodriguezh/files/2011/12/Padece-usted-de-dequefobia.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.udistrital.edu.co/wpmu/flrodriguezh/files/2011/12/Padece-usted-de-dequefobia.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T18:59:05.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1747" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:01:54.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.- &quot;Me enteré por X de Y&quot; means &quot;I learnt through X that Y is the case&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.- You can't omit &quot;de&quot; in &quot;la noticia de que iba a hacer frío&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="507" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T14:01:54.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1763" CreationDate="2012-02-07T15:28:03.373" Score="2" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please read the below sentence which is in the past tense.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can I replace &quot;caminamos&quot; to &quot;caminábamos&quot; to describe a continued action?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Así que &lt;strong&gt;caminamos&lt;/strong&gt; de tienda en tienda para comprar las flores más baratas y bonitas.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's read another example below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta mañana fui a la playa. &lt;strong&gt;Había&lt;/strong&gt; mucha gente en la playa. &lt;em&gt;Tomé&lt;/em&gt; el sol.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we use &quot;caminamos&quot; for the first sentence, why we use &quot;había&quot; for the second??   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T03:59:38.017" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T23:00:55.437" Title="Word usage: &quot;caminamos&quot; VS &quot;caminábamos&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1751" CreationDate="2012-02-07T17:25:06.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that for this case &quot;&lt;strong&gt;caminamos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is more appropriate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;caminábamos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for an action that used to occur but something made it to stop or change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caminábamos&lt;/strong&gt; de tienda en tienda para comprar flores cuando de repente&#xA;  empezó a llover y tuvimos que regresar a casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros &lt;strong&gt;caminábamos&lt;/strong&gt; por aqui cuando eramos niños. (We don't anymore)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T17:35:23.697" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T17:35:23.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1762" CreationDate="2012-02-07T17:59:34.187" Score="5" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the rule for forming fractional numbers (half, quarter, tenth, twenty-second, etc.) in Spanish? The small numbers are easy to find in a dictionary (tercio, octavo, etc.), but how would you know how to say, for example, 536th?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And speaking of 536th, how in Spanish do you abbreviate fractional numbers (using the numbers themselves instead of spelling them out)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T19:22:23.910" Title="What is the rule for forming fractional numbers?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1759" CreationDate="2012-02-07T18:03:20.533" Score="6" ViewCount="2857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently heard &lt;em&gt;dichoso&lt;/em&gt; used to mean &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt;. Looking up &lt;em&gt;dichoso&lt;/em&gt; in a dictionary shows it means &quot;happy&quot; (or &quot;blessed&quot;). What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;dichoso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;alegre&lt;/em&gt; to mean &quot;happy&quot;? Are they synonyms, or do they have slightly different connotations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:36:08.887" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:36:08.887" Title="feliz vs. alegre vs. dichoso" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1764" CreationDate="2012-02-07T18:10:44.633" Score="25" ViewCount="28240" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many cases where English uses capital letters (e.g. January) but Spanish uses lowercase (e.g. &lt;em&gt;enero&lt;/em&gt;). Grammar or orthography books have long lists of all the cases where capital letters are used. But I thought it would be useful to see a comparison between capitalization rules in English and Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the cases where English uses capital letters but Spanish uses lowercase (e.g. months, days of the week)? I assume it is a relatively short list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T17:42:29.333" Title="When is uppercase used in English but lowercase in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1755" CreationDate="2012-02-07T18:40:14.760" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Months and week days&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Today is Monday. (Hoy es lunes.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Why is February the shortest month? (¿Por qué febrero es el mes más corto?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nationalities, languages and religions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;He's French. (Él es francés.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Jacob speaks Spanish. (Jacob habla español.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ana is Catholic (Ana es católica)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titles in works&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, titles have the same rules as ordinary language, capitalizing only the first word with the exception of proper names that always are capitalized, while English capitalizes every word except prepositions and articles (unless the final word that always is capitalized no matter what morphological case.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;His favorite play is &lt;em&gt;A Midsummer Night’s Dream&lt;/em&gt;. (Su obra favorita es &lt;em&gt;El sueño de una noche de verano&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'm reading &lt;em&gt;One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest&lt;/em&gt;. (Estoy leyendo &lt;em&gt;Alguien voló sobre el nido del cuco&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Much more information in RAE site: (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=may%FAsculas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;MAYÚSCULAS&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T11:26:47.490" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T11:26:47.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2012-02-07T18:48:03.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a slight difference in meaning, even in English, between &quot;I think there isn't room&quot; and &quot;I don't think there is room.&quot; It's usually just semantics, but the first is technically a positive statement of a lack of belief, where as the second is a statement of uncertainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common case where the difference actually matters is in the definition of an atheist.  An atheist &lt;em&gt;does not believe in a God.&lt;/em&gt;  Whereas many people often get confused and claim that atheists &lt;em&gt;believe there is no God.&lt;/em&gt;  There is a subtle, but very important difference.  An atheist has a lack of belief, whereas the confusion is that an atheist has an active belief in the lack of god.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot really comment on the use of subjunctive in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T18:48:03.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1735" CreationDate="2012-02-07T19:39:40.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;ASAP = Tan pronto como sea posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="509" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T19:39:40.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1754" CreationDate="2012-02-07T19:44:57.257" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &quot;dichoso&quot; is archaic or jocose. &quot;Alegre&quot; or &quot;contento&quot; usually refer to a temporary mood, while &quot;feliz&quot; denotes a more permanent state. In fact, &quot;alegre&quot; corresponds more to cheerful than to happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya terminé el trabajo por hoy.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Dichoso tú!&#xA;-&gt; (- I finished my work for today, - You lucky bastard!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy contento de que vengas -&gt; I'm glad you came.&#xA;Es un niño muy alegre -&gt; He's a cheerful child.&#xA;Parece alegre, pero en realidad no es feliz -&gt; He seems cheerful, but he is not really happy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="507" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T19:44:57.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2012-02-07T20:36:15.460" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer is about Spain, and only about some people in Spain. It is also an answer drawn from my knowledge and experience as a native speaker of Spain’s Spanish, a Spanish citizen and someone who has lived in Spain and overseas for extended periods of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer is also an extended and better version of a couple of comments I made to @hippietrail ’s answer, which have been unfortunately deleted by moderators. My comments were offensive in form, which I admit, and for which I apologise. But so is some of the content that I found on this page. Let me explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing we need to understand is that Spain, like other countries in Europe, is a mosaic of cultures rather than a homogeneous mass. Maybe you think you already know this. And maybe you are right. But please keep reading just in case. I have lived overseas for years, and had the opportunity to interact with multiple people from different nationalities and backgrounds. I am always surprised that, for example, Canadians or Australians (and these are just examples, please don’t pick on them) think of their respective countries as being the epitome of multiculturalism. I agree that these countries are vibrant communities of diversity, but more often than not, these people miss an important difference: in Canada or Australia, nationalities and cultures have been &quot;co-inhabiting&quot; and brushing against each other for a few centuries, but in Spain or some other European countries, this has been happening for a few millennia. This &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; multiculturalism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, Spain as a country was constructed in the 15th century, when different kingdoms and realms were united through political manoeuvring. As you can imagine, political union does not necessarily entail cultural union, especially when the different cultures are backed, as was the case, by different climates and geographical features, which in turn mean different crop and cattle raising habits and traditions, which in turn mean different lifestyles and economies. To this, we need to add the fact that up to eight languages coexisted in Spain. Castilian Spanish was the lingua franca imposed by the union.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second thing we need to understand is that Spain went through a strict military dictatorship between 1939 and 1975. Amongst other values, this regime imposed the idea of unity, and to foster this it banned any language other than Spanish from Spain. The consequence was &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;, like @c4sh says in his/her answer, that Spanish became the only used language. How on earth would kids (and adults) that had been raised in Galician, Basque or Catalan, and who did not speak a word of Spanish, move overnight to speaking Spanish only? That’s ludicrous. What really happened is that those people became &lt;em&gt;legally&lt;/em&gt; second-rate citizens, and often sent to jail, tortured and even killed. This happened just one generation ago, so it is still very alive in people’s memories. My parents did live this themselves, and I am only in my forties, so this is not ancient history. Kids at school who wouldn’t speak Spanish, which was the usual case for most kids in Galicia (the region where I come from), were sometimes forced to strip naked and walk under the rain like animals, since the teacher, following the precepts of the dictatorship, sustained that they could not speak properly and therefore were not people but just animals. And so on and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imposition of a language on a community as an instrument of domination is a well-studied device, and the history of colonisation is full of examples. Spain is just one more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am finishing now. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term “Spanish”, to the mind of many people, means imposition, domination, banning of their native vehicle for communication. Jail, torture and dead relatives. “Castilian”, on the other hand, means a foreign language that you may or may not choose to speak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may argue that these are just words, and I can agree. But we should not forget that some people have gone through experiences that load words with intense meaning, and we might not be able to start imagining the power of such load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before we pontificate about something as complex as this, we are morally obliged to obtain a deep understanding of what we are talking about. I wouldn’t even dream of being opinionated about racial issues in the Deep South, aboriginal communities in Redfern, Sydney, or religious friction in the Balkans. I’d rather shut up, because stuff is too complex, people have suffered too much, and I’m too alien to those worlds. Similarly, I’d love to see a similar degree of respect elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just my two cents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T14:45:15.693" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T14:45:15.693" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1754" CreationDate="2012-02-07T21:10:41.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really don't see a major difference between the 3 words when they are used to indicate happiness; however, &lt;code&gt;alegre&lt;/code&gt; is used in contexts in which &lt;code&gt;feliz&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dichoso&lt;/code&gt; cannot be used or it would have a different meaning. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese camisa es de colores muy alegres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella es una mujer de la vida alegre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T21:29:36.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1753" CreationDate="2012-02-07T22:43:33.707" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you've said, small numbers are easy to find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/2   mitad o medio       &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/3   tercio              &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/4   cuarto              &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/5   quinto              &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/6   sexto               &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/7   séptimo             &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/8   octavo              &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/9   noveno              &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/10  décimo o décima     &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/11  onceavo o undécimo  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/12  doceavo o duodécimo &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that is only adding &lt;code&gt;-avo&lt;/code&gt; to the number (or &lt;code&gt;-ava&lt;/code&gt; when femenine is needed):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1/13 treceavo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1/14 catorceavo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In cases like 1/50, by adding &lt;code&gt;-avo&lt;/code&gt; there are two &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. In that case you drop an &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;×cincuentaavo → cincuentavo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;until 100:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/100  centésimo o centésima&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/1000 milésimo o milésima&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then is only combinations, i.e. &lt;em&gt;centésimo quinceavo&lt;/em&gt; (1/115)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should not mistake fractional numbers for ordinals. For example, it's a common mistake to say &lt;em&gt;quincuagésimo&lt;/em&gt; (50º) instead &lt;em&gt;cincuentavo&lt;/em&gt; (1/50) when referring to the last one. Also, the opposite happens a lot too, for example saying &lt;em&gt;treceavo&lt;/em&gt; (1/13) when refering to &lt;em&gt;decimo tercero&lt;/em&gt; (13º). This errors must be avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is much more information in DPD (RAE): &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=fraccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fraccionarios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-12T19:22:23.910" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T19:22:23.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1751" CreationDate="2012-02-07T22:58:25.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use &lt;strong&gt;caminábamos&lt;/strong&gt; to describe a continued action in the past or an unfinished action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caminamos de tienda en tienda para comprar las flores más baratas y hermosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We walked from shop to shop to buy the cheapest and most beautiful flowers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caminábamos de tienda en tienda para comprar las flores más baratas y hermosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We used to walk from shop to shop to buy the cheapest and most beautiful flowers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were walking from shop to shop to buy the cheapest and most beautiful flowers &lt;strong&gt;when something occurred.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, the past tense is used for completed actions in the past and the imperfect tense is used for continued actions. In your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana fui a la playa: I went and I arrived-&amp;gt; past tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Había mucha gente: There were a lot of people while I was there-&amp;gt;imperfect tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tomé el sol: I did it, but I am not doing it-&amp;gt;past tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &lt;em&gt;Hubo mucha gente&lt;/em&gt; it usually means that the people went away while you were there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find more information &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espanol-ingles.com.mx/spanish-grammar/verbs_imperfect_usage.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T23:00:55.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1755" CreationDate="2012-02-08T01:04:07.430" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based from &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/writtenspanish/a/capitalization.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calendar&lt;/strong&gt; (days of the week and months)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy es martes. — &lt;em&gt;Today is Tuesday.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iremos el próximo julio. — &lt;em&gt;We'll go next July.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Composition titles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La guerra de las galaxias. — &lt;em&gt;Star Wars&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personal titles&lt;/strong&gt; (Note that abbrevations of personal titles are capitalized: Sr., Sra., Dr.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Está comiendo la señora Smith? — &lt;em&gt;Is Mrs. Smith eating?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La reina Victoria fue mi abuela. — &lt;em&gt;Queen Victoria was my grandmother.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Religions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre es católica. — &lt;em&gt;My mother is Catholic.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ordinal numbers&lt;/strong&gt; (after a name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis XIV (Luis catorce). — &lt;em&gt;Luis the Fourteenth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Place names&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivimos cerca de la montaña Rainier. — &lt;em&gt;We live near Mount Rainier.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nationalities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy chino. — &lt;em&gt;I'm Chinese&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Languages&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él habla polaco. — &lt;em&gt;He speaks Polish&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-24T17:42:29.333" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T17:42:29.333" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1769" CreationDate="2012-02-08T03:46:25.677" Score="13" ViewCount="15556" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between 'oreja' and 'oído'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both mean ear, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:57:32.587" LastActivityDate="2019-08-24T21:51:47.123" Title="Difference between &quot;oreja&quot; and &quot;oído&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1768" CreationDate="2012-02-08T04:31:42.860" Score="5" ViewCount="615" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are &lt;code&gt;susurro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;murmullo&lt;/code&gt; interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:30:13.423" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:30:13.423" Title="Difference between: &quot;susurro&quot; and &quot;murmullo&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1777" CreationDate="2012-02-08T04:52:29.510" Score="2" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del susto y la aprensión, el rugido ha cesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between &quot;susto&quot; and &quot;aprensión&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both mean fear, no?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Or they have different degrees of fear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T00:32:03.057" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T00:32:03.057" Title="Difference between &quot;susto&quot; and &quot;aprensión&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1766" CreationDate="2012-02-08T05:23:31.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Susurro&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Is not necessary something bad/disturbing, is just the fact of speaking something in very low voice, generally directly to the ear of the other person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Murmullo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; In general, implies some kind of disturbing action. Usually not directly to the ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pedro y María murmullaban en la reunión&quot;  → Implies the speaker was unhappy about the fact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pedro le susurró un secreto a María en la reunión&quot; → This is just the fact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="512" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T08:29:03.517" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T08:29:03.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1765" CreationDate="2012-02-08T06:41:26.620" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oído:&lt;/strong&gt; the whole organ or organs of hearing&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Oreja:&lt;/strong&gt; just the &amp;quot;external ear&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the definition of ear according to the Webster dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ear&lt;/strong&gt; noun \ˈir\&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Definition of EAR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1 a :&lt;/strong&gt; the characteristic vertebrate organ of hearing and equilibrium consisting in the typical mammal of a sound-collecting outer ear separated by the tympanic membrane from a sound-transmitting middle ear that in turn is &amp;gt; separated from a sensory inner ear by membranous fenestrae&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;b :&lt;/strong&gt; any of various organs (as of a fish) capable of detecting vibratory motion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2:&lt;/strong&gt; the external ear of humans and most mammals&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to this, oído refers to definition 1, and oreja to definition 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T08:57:28.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1766" CreationDate="2012-02-08T09:23:19.003" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally they're not interchangeable but there are some contexts where maybe can be used as synonims (I can't think of anyone right now). As you can see below &lt;em&gt;susurro&lt;/em&gt; makes reference to a soft or quiet sound but murmullo has more the meaning of soft and continuous background noise. The difference is really subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=susurro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;susurro&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;susurrus&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ruido suave y remiso que resulta de hablar quedo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Soft and quiet noise that results of speaking quietly)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ruido suave y remiso que naturalmente hacen algunas cosas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Soft and quiet noise made naturally by some things) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can say: &lt;em&gt;El susurro de las hojas agitadas por el viento&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=murmullo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;murmullo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;murmurĭum&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ruido que se hace hablando, especialmente cuando no se percibe lo que se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(noise made by talking, specially when what's being said it's not understood)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ruido continuado y confuso de algunas cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(continuous and blurred noise from some things)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can say: &lt;em&gt;el murmullo del agua de un arroyo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-09T11:05:12.683" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T11:05:12.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2012-02-08T13:30:40.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pensaban que no había...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They think there are no enough rooms. They make a thought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pensaban que había...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply, they didn't take the time to think. They make no thougth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T13:30:40.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2012-02-08T14:02:39.310" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son masculinos terminados en &lt;code&gt;-e&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nouns ending in &lt;code&gt;-aje&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sustantivos terminados en &lt;code&gt;–aje&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;code&gt;el coraje&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colors (&lt;em&gt;colores&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;code&gt;el verde&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Numbers (&lt;em&gt;números&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;code&gt;el catorce&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rivers (&lt;em&gt;ríos&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;code&gt;el Contramaestre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seas and lakes (&lt;em&gt;mares y lagos&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;code&gt;el Caribe&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T17:38:55.133" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T17:38:55.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1736" CreationDate="2012-02-08T14:06:49.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincidentally, this morning I found this article that relates to this question. I will post the part of the article that relates to this question and link the source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario panhispánico de dudas registra la palabra chor (plural,&#xA;chores) como sustantivo masculino usado en Estados Unidos, Honduras,&#xA;España, Costa Rica, República Dominicana y Venezuela. En cuanto a su&#xA;etimología, obviamente chor viene del inglés short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición, 'pantalón que cubre hasta la mitad del muslo', me&#xA;parece que se pasa de casta, pues está visto que los chores de tela de&#xA;yin que usan peladas y cuchibarbis por estos días en Bogotá, sobre&#xA;medias pantalón negras, no llegan hasta la mitad del muslo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo diccionario registra también la expresión pantaloncitos&#xA;calientes, como sustantivo masculino usado en Panamá y el norte de&#xA;Colombia, con el significado de 'pantalones muy cortos'.  Yo diría&#xA;que, al menos en el interior del país, ya no se oye la expresión&#xA;pantaloncitos calientes, que sí tuvo su uso a finales de los sesenta,&#xA;cuando las primíparas de la Javeriana nos escandalizaban con ese&#xA;último berrido de la moda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cambia el inglés short al español chor? Por lo mismo que&#xA;shampoo cambia a champú. En español la hache de la combinación sh es&#xA;muda, como puede comprobarlo al leer desheredado y deshecho. El sonido&#xA;de la sh inglesa existió en castellano, pero representado por la letra&#xA;x, en palabras como dixo (el actual 'dijo') o caxa ('caja'). Hacia el&#xA;siglo XIV, sonido y escritura habían cambiado a jota. Por eso se acude&#xA;al sonido más cercano, el del dígrafo ch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué escribe yin, pelada y cuchibarbi en una columna dedicada al&#xA;buen uso del lenguaje? Porque yin, pelada y cuchibarbi son escrituras&#xA;correctas. Las tres están registradas en el Diccionario de&#xA;americanismos, elaborado por la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua&#xA;Española y editado en el 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yin y yines, del inglés jean, lo mismo que bluyín y bluyines, del&#xA;inglés blue jean, figuran en esta obra académica, y aparecían ya en el&#xA;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, 2005, y en la primera edición,&#xA;1995, del Manual de Redacción, de EL TIEMPO. Pelada está registrada&#xA;como 'persona joven', 'muchacha' o 'sardina', usada también en&#xA;Honduras, Panamá, Argentina y Bolivia. Y cuchibarbi, como voz&#xA;colombiana, que significa 'mujer madura que aparenta ser joven y&#xA;atractiva'. Por supuesto, tanto pelada como cuchibarbi son voces&#xA;populares; es decir, inapropiadas para contextos más elegantes y&#xA;refinados, donde nadie se presentaría en chores ni yines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/vida-de-hoy/educacion/uso-adecuado-de-americanismos_11090462-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link to the source.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Shorts&lt;/code&gt; --&amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;Chor/Chores&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Short/Shorts&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Pantalón corto/Pantalones cortos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Jeans&lt;/code&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;Yin/Yines&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Jean/Jeans&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Pantalón Vaquero/Pantalones Vaqueros&lt;/code&gt; (I've never heard vaqueros personally, but apparently is used in Spain). If they are &lt;code&gt;blue jeans&lt;/code&gt;, it's valid to &lt;code&gt;write bluyín&lt;/code&gt; (plural &lt;code&gt;bluyines&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pants&lt;/code&gt; --&amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;Pantalón/Pantalones&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that the English words are the most popular and are well understood everywere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T14:27:00.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1783" CreationDate="2012-02-08T17:13:57.313" Score="11" ViewCount="720" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_adjunct&quot;&gt;noun adjunct&lt;/a&gt; is a noun that modifies another noun. For example, the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;baby&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;baby food&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a noun adjunct. In this simple case, you can translate it into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;&quot;comida de bebé&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure how you do it for longer chains of noun adjuncts, or phrases that have adjectives and noun adjuncts. How would you translate phrases like these into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Little lion man&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Car insurance customer claim rate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Natural conservation engineering junior merit badge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Turkey pan holder salesman annual salary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T17:03:48.053" Title="How does one chain noun adjuncts in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1774" CreationDate="2012-02-08T19:02:43.390" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You first example (&quot;baby food&quot; = &quot;comida de/para bebé&quot;) shows the general (not universal) rule: invert the nouns, join them with a preposition - normally &quot;de&quot;, but also &quot;para&quot;, &quot;a&quot;, &quot;por&quot; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really, the preposition &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is overused in Spanish, but here the blame does not fall upon the Spanish speakers, but upon the language itself. English is in general more plastic, it's more satisfactory for building this kind of construction. In Spanish it's a little painful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Turkey pan holder salesman annual salary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salario anual del vendedor de sostenes de ollas de(para) pavo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T19:37:19.457" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T19:37:19.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2012-02-08T19:10:26.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish &quot;fuero&quot; can be translated as &quot;charter&quot;, as in a grant of authority or rights. &quot;Aforar&quot;, therefore, means to grant a charter to someone or something. &quot;Desaforar&quot; means to withdraw a charter from someone or something. And &quot;desafuero&quot; is the withdrawal of a charter. It could be roughly translated as &quot;de-charting&quot;. I know, it's not pretty, but I can't think of anything better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T19:10:26.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1767" CreationDate="2012-02-08T19:39:00.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When meant as &quot;fear&quot;, &lt;em&gt;aprensión&lt;/em&gt; is softer than &lt;em&gt;susto&lt;/em&gt;. It certainly does not mean &quot;fear&quot; in a physical manner. What I mean is that you can feel &lt;em&gt;susto&lt;/em&gt; in your skin. Your body can react to &lt;em&gt;susto&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;aprensión&lt;/em&gt; is just a conscious thought, an idea that doing something might not be in your best interest or convenience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you are on the way to see your friend John when you see his fiancée kissing another guy in a dark corner of a park. The feeling you experiment when you think about whether to tell John about this, or how to tell him, is &lt;em&gt;aprensión&lt;/em&gt;. It is uncomfortable, awkward, and you even ask yourself &quot;why did I have to witness that?&quot;. You are afraid of telling John what you saw, but you don't really &lt;strong&gt;fear&lt;/strong&gt; the situation, you are not frightened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you happen to walk by a dark corner of a park and you see a gang of tall guys with guns walking toward you, then you will &lt;strong&gt;fear&lt;/strong&gt; them, you will be &lt;em&gt;asustado&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&quot;tengo susto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), but &lt;em&gt;aprensión&lt;/em&gt; has nothing to do there. This level of fear you can feel in your sweaty skin or your growing pupils, but in the previous example, you only feel it &quot;in your guts&quot;, it's something internal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T19:39:00.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1780" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:07:39.550" Score="5" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to know the best (preferably a single-word) translation of the English word &lt;code&gt;throughput&lt;/code&gt;. Would you opt for &lt;code&gt;capacidad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;rendimiento&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;función de transferencia&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastEditorUserId="872" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T09:07:50.090" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T18:21:35.943" Title="Throughput in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1767" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:20:53.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=susto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;susto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Impresión repentina causada por miedo, espanto o pavor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Preocupación por alguna adversidad o daño que se teme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. Impression caused by sudden fear, terror or dread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=aprensi%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aprensión&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. aprehensión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Escrúpulo, recelo de ponerse alguien en contacto con otra persona o con algo de que le pueda venir contagio, o bien de hacer o decir algo que teme que sea perjudicial o inoportuno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Opinión, figuración, idea infundada o extraña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. Qualms or misgivings. Scruple of someone get in touch with someone or something that you can come contagion, or of doing or saying something that he fears is detrimental or inappropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T20:20:53.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1778" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:44:20.707" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not easy... &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;throughput&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, for me (I'm an engineer) means some &quot;rate of production&quot;, i.e. (in very general sense) how much of some product some productor/machine produces as a function of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Rendimiento&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; seems the more used translation. But, it sometimes implies a &lt;em&gt;relative&lt;/em&gt; measure of productivity (how much is produced as a function of how much is consumed), a concept more akin to &quot;&lt;em&gt;efficiency&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; hence, &quot;un rendimiento del 100%&quot;. Despite this potential confusion, this seems the more apt word to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Capacidad&quot; is not very apt, it just means &quot;capacity&quot; - it would make sense only if in its context it can be understood  as &quot;capacity of production&quot; - sometimes is used in this way; but then, it would only apply to a &quot;theoretical/nominal throughput&quot;, not to an actual/measured throughput. &quot;Función de transferencia&quot; does not make much sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some contexts, the least ambiguous translation would be &quot;tasa (de X)&quot;, (&quot;rate&quot;) where X is the relevant amount (eg: &quot;tasa de transferencia&quot; or &quot;tasa de lectura&quot;). Or, in general &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tasa de producción&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, or simply &quot;producción&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T15:41:29.903" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T15:41:29.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:47:20.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just realized there's an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desafuero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; on this exact concept. It says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish-language term &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desafuero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; refers to the process through which a government official's official immunity to criminal prosecution is removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking the term is incorrect, as &lt;em&gt;fuero&lt;/em&gt; (from Latin &amp;quot;forum&amp;quot;) refers to the freedom of speech protection enjoyed by members of Congress, but since this protection is frequently confused with the immunity against criminal prosecution of top executive branch officials, the term is commonly used by the public in this latter sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desafuero_of_AMLO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Another Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; talks about a famous &lt;em&gt;desafuero&lt;/em&gt; case in Mexico. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desafuero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; explains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;desafuero&lt;/strong&gt; es el acto jurídico mediante el cual a una persona aforada se le retiran sus privilegios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it sounds like &lt;em&gt;desafuero&lt;/em&gt; is a technical legal/government term used in certain governments of Spanish-speaking countries, and its proper English translation is... &amp;quot;desafuero.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T20:47:20.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1778" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:48:27.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no single word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of &lt;strong&gt;HDD throughput (transfer rate)&lt;/strong&gt; it's &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tasa de transferencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of &lt;strong&gt;network throughput&lt;/strong&gt; it's &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ancho de banda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Note, that this literally translates to &lt;strong&gt;bandwidth&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T20:48:27.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1774" CreationDate="2012-02-09T06:14:19.570" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I agree that the preposition &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is overused, particularly by non-native Speakers, adjectives are equally underused by native speakers of English, as many of these chains could actually be considered adjevtives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Railroad worker - Trabajador (n) de ferrocarril (n)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this is technically correct, it is symptomatic of the overuse of &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, and for that matter all other prepositions. More eloquently you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Railroad worker - Trabajador (n) ferroviario (adj)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;High-brow Spanish also makes use of more proper Latin-derived nouns and adjectives as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worker accident rate - Frecuencia (n) de accidentes (n) de trabajadores (n)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worker accident rate - Frecuencia (n) de accidentes (n) laborales (adj)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worker  accident rate - Siniestralidad (n) laboral (adj)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for one of yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Car insurance customer claim rate - Tasa (n) de reclamaciones (n) al seguro (n) de automóvil (n) del cliente (n) *I don't think a Spanish speaker would ever say something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Car insurance customer claim rate - Siniestralidad (n) automovilistica (adj) del cliente (n)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Car insurance customer claim rate - Siniestralidad (n) automovilistica (adj) personal (adj)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this reason, a lot of things written in English and translated to Spanish look excessively long and convoluted when translated by someone doing word-for-word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="499" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T15:30:01.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1766" CreationDate="2012-02-09T08:27:49.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same subtle difference exists in English between &lt;code&gt;whisper&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;murmur&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="70" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:26:27.310" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:26:27.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1785" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-09T13:25:12.693" Score="6" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please read the below sentence:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya que los mayores iban a el campo a trabajar, los niños &lt;strong&gt;se quedaban&lt;/strong&gt; y jugaban juntos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it means: Since the older went to work in the field, the children &lt;strong&gt;stayed&lt;/strong&gt; and played together.  (Correct??)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;quedar&quot; can also mean &quot;to meet (citarse)&quot;, so here can we say &quot;se quedaban&quot; also mean &quot;they met together&quot; (ie. &quot;se&quot; is &lt;em&gt;'Con valor recíproco'&lt;/em&gt;) ?? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T23:34:59.923" Title="Word : se quedaban" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1785" CreationDate="2012-02-09T13:54:49.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence is the first one:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since the older went to work in the field, the children stayed and&#xA;  played together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the second meaning (to meet) the sentence in spanish needs to be something similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya que los mayores iban a el campo a trabajar, los niños quedaban para&#xA;  jugar juntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in Spanish &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt; is contracted into &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt;, the same happens to &lt;code&gt;de el&lt;/code&gt;, which becomes &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya que los mayores iban AL campo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="515" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-09T23:34:59.923" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T23:34:59.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1789" CreationDate="2012-02-09T17:08:56.253" Score="6" ViewCount="54975" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to tell the difference between 'al' and 'a' to refer to a place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that you usually use a to refer to a country. But when should you use al?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to teach someone the difference but I don't really know how to explain it. I use it all the time as a native speaker, but to explain it is a different story. I tried looking on the internet only to find differences between hay/ahi/ay etc... not really al.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir al bar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Ana y yo vamos a ir a bar.&#xA;  (I know this is incorrect. As to why, that is the question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per comments, then can I know when do I need the definite article &quot;el&quot;? Or if there is another explanation for al?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-02-17T18:16:11.637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T19:09:55.413" Title="When should I use 'al'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2012-02-09T17:49:49.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because if what's next to the &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is a &lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt; then that noun must be accompanied by the corresponding &lt;strong&gt;definite article&lt;/strong&gt; and the &lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt;. You can also use the contraction &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;a el&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; when the &lt;strong&gt;noun is masculine&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this could be written as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; bar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir &lt;strong&gt;a el&lt;/strong&gt; bar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;×&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir a bar&lt;/em&gt; (No definite article)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the noun is feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir a la casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;×&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir al casa.&lt;/em&gt; (Incorrect usage casa is feminine noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an exception to this rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the noun is a proper name such as a name of a country, city, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a ir a México este fin de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If what's next to &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;ir a&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; acts like a single &lt;strong&gt;verb&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;perífrasis verbal&lt;/em&gt;) then you don't use a definite article neither a contraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ana y yo vamos a ir a &lt;strong&gt;jugar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T18:32:11.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2012-02-09T17:50:33.810" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; is basically contraction of &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ir a bar&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;go to bar&lt;/code&gt;. Which is grammatically incorrect. Correct version is &lt;code&gt;go to the bar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;go to a bar&lt;/code&gt;. Thus correct Spanish version is &lt;code&gt;ir al bar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ir a un bar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of proper names (places, people), you don't usually prepend them with article (there are few exceptions). Thus the correct form is to say &lt;code&gt;vamos a España&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note however, that for example correct way is to say &lt;code&gt;vamos a El Salvador&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;vamos al Salvador&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can I know when do I need the definite article &quot;el&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always, unless you're using indefinite article or unless there is exception, which says that you shouldn't (eg. proper names). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-11T15:25:03.177" LastActivityDate="2012-02-11T15:25:03.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1791" CreationDate="2012-02-09T19:36:10.533" Score="33" ViewCount="6022" Body="&lt;h3&gt;'Ser' and 'estar' for location&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The edge-cases of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; still seem to get me.  My understanding is that when speaking of a location, I should use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La biblioteca &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a student I am tutoring had a question marked as incorrect for the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El partido de baloncesto &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; en el gimnasio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;saying that it should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El partido de baloncesto &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; en el gimnasio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I say the two, second &lt;em&gt;sounds&lt;/em&gt; correct, but I am unable to give the student a rule to go by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When should the verb used when describing location be &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and when should it be &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="38" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:40:10.937" Title="'Ser' and 'estar' for location" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1790" CreationDate="2012-02-09T20:23:23.500" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you're speaking about the &lt;strong&gt;location where an event takes place&lt;/strong&gt; then the verb &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is the one you have to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El partido &lt;strong&gt;será&lt;/strong&gt; en el estadio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El partido &lt;s&gt;estará&lt;/s&gt; en el estadio.* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concurso de monólogos &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; en el pabellón número 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concurso de monólogos &lt;s&gt;está&lt;/s&gt; en el pabellón número 5.* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if it's not an event (it's where something or someone is located) then &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los jugadores &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; en el estadio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los jugadores &lt;s&gt;son&lt;/s&gt; en el estadio.* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:38:32.063" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1790" CreationDate="2012-02-10T01:16:38.783" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;(disclaimer, I'm a native Spanish speaker, so I find it funny that both 'ser' and 'estar' use a single word in some languages)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point isn't that you sometimes use 'ser' and sometimes use 'estar'.  They're two different concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; relates to the very being of something, while &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; is (usually) a temporary condition.  That's why you say &amp;quot;Estoy enfermo&amp;quot; (I'm sick) and &amp;quot;Soy zurdo&amp;quot; (I'm left-handed); one is (hopefully) temporary, while the other is not only permanent, but part of my self-definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, for location you use &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; because at one moment you're at one place but later you can be somewhere else.  The place you are is a temporary condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Events, on the other hand, usually have their whole existence tied to a single place, so they &amp;quot;are&amp;quot; there until they're no more.  But, if it's a mobile event (like a parade, or a voyage), then you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El desfile aún no llega, está muy lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El crucero está aquí, llegó ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if your location specification is wide enough to encompass the whole event, you again use &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El desfile será desde este lugar hasta este otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue un crucero a través del atlántico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in these cases it's more common to refer to the moving entities and not the moving event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="518" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T01:16:38.783" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-10T05:17:06.177" Score="18" ViewCount="23882" Body="&lt;p&gt;After years of living in a Spanish-speaking country, and speaking mostly only Spanish all day, I still struggle with 'llevar' and 'traer'. The rules are clear and all, but it is just very difficult to apply this properly. Is there anybody who has a special trick that helped him/her to do this the right way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="520" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T19:33:08.323" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T16:46:44.670" Title="Is there a trick to remembering 'llevar' and 'traer'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;mnemonic&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2012-02-10T15:26:37.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; is to &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt; is to &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;. So, llevar-ir vs traer-venir.&#xA;Just relate the 'LL' sound with the fact of going away ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T15:26:37.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2012-02-10T17:37:20.247" Score="18" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llevar = to take (to go to someplace and carry something with you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;traer = to bring (to come to someplace and carry something with you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevale estas manzanas a tu abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trae unas cervezas para la fiesta de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, an interesting thing is that in Japanese the corresponding verbs are made up of two verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;持っていく　= to take (to carry + to go) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;持ってくる　= to bring (to carry + to come)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T17:37:20.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="471" CreationDate="2012-02-10T20:43:44.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, a &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt; is almost always made of glass. In my opinion, is the best word (again, in Spain), to refer to &quot;a glass container with a lid that is opened and closed by a twisting action&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; is usually a small &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt;, but can be made of other material. Also, the double &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt; provides a sense of strong and durability (and lots of &lt;em&gt;tarros&lt;/em&gt; has a thick glass). &lt;em&gt;Frasco&lt;/em&gt; is usually more delicate and elegant (that's why perfumes comes in &lt;em&gt;frascos&lt;/em&gt;, despite they are made of glass and follow your initial definition).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lata&lt;/em&gt; is always made of metal. The only exceptions are items that have been common and made of metal for years but recently there are plastic versions (&lt;em&gt;lata de gasolina&lt;/em&gt; comes to my mind).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T20:43:44.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1774" CreationDate="2012-02-10T21:22:34.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answerers said, usually you can invert the nouns and put &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; between them, sometimes replacing &lt;em&gt;de algo&lt;/em&gt; with an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the real world, however, many people—especially in writing—omit &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.  They would instead write &lt;em&gt;comida bebés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trabajador ferrocarril&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;tasa reclamaciones seguro automóvil cliente&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me caga&lt;/em&gt;, but it is what it is.  People write stuff like that in the real world all the time.  Even in contexts like business communications: we've all heard that you need to use good grammar and spelling in situations where you want to &quot;look professional,&quot; but many people don't bother.  So, you should be prepared to understand it when you see it, because you will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I asked about this phenomenon in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1590/two-nouns-in-a-row-or-is-it-ok-to-omit-de&quot;&gt;Two nouns in a row, or, is it OK to omit &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.  Diego and Eduardo are correct that, prescriptively speaking, it is wrong.  Of course, descriptivists may view the matter differently.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T21:22:34.107" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2012-02-11T13:10:49.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always remember that at a restaurant I'm asked &lt;em&gt;para aquí o para llevar?&lt;/em&gt;  And since I never bring my food to a restaurant, &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; clearly means to take (away).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this only helps if you properly remember what a restaurant cashier asks. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2012-02-11T13:10:49.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1803" CreationDate="2012-02-11T15:50:46.637" Score="7" ViewCount="1842" Body="&lt;p&gt;One would expect that the Spanish word for 'sport' would be &lt;em&gt;esporte&lt;/em&gt; (as in special =&gt; &lt;em&gt;especial&lt;/em&gt;, spaghetti =&gt; &lt;em&gt;espagueti&lt;/em&gt;, Spain =&gt; &lt;em&gt;España&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). But it's actually &lt;em&gt;deporte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does it begin with &lt;em&gt;de-&lt;/em&gt; and not with &lt;em&gt;es-&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T03:07:57.597" Title="Why is sport in Spanish 'deporte' and not 'esporte'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1800" CreationDate="2012-02-11T17:43:29.870" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;em&gt;deporte&lt;/em&gt; cames from &lt;em&gt;deportar&lt;/em&gt; which cames from Latin &lt;em&gt;deportāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=deporte&quot;&gt;deportar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. &lt;em&gt;deportāre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desterrar a alguien a un lugar, por lo regular extranjero, y confinarlo allí por razones políticas o como castigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. ant. Descansar, reposar, hacer mansión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. ant. Divertirse, recrearse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the main definition of &lt;em&gt;deporte&lt;/em&gt; is “to practice a physical activity in a game or competition with specific rules”, its second acception means “Recreation, leisure, pleasure, fun or exercise, usually outdoors.” (&lt;em&gt;Recreación, pasatiempo, placer, diversión o ejercicio físico, por lo común al aire libre.&lt;/em&gt;), and in that case it may be used as a synonym of the third acception of &lt;em&gt;deportar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="335" LastEditDate="2012-02-11T17:53:51.840" LastActivityDate="2012-02-11T17:53:51.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1800" CreationDate="2012-02-12T02:31:20.113" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind that the word 'sport' (the current concept, actually) is relatively modern - end of XIX century, and the fashion came from England. At that moment, Spanish speakers had several options to name the new thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Import the English word: &quot;sport&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adapt it to Spanish : &quot;esport, espor, esporte...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resurrect/recycle the archaic meaning of the verb &quot;deportar&quot;: &quot;to go outside to play some recreative activity&quot;, and adapt it to the new meaning, as noun: &quot;deporte&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first option was widely used at first (there are traces: some clubs and teams in Argentina includes &quot;Sporting&quot; in its name), but eventually the third won.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As pferor's answer mentions, the main  meaning of &quot;deportar&quot; is to deport: expel a person from a country, it comes from de-porta (out-doors), and that relates to the other meaning (the archaic and the new one). That also relates to the English word, which comes from the French (and which includes the 's': desport). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it curious that the adaption from the old meaning of &quot;deportar&quot; to &quot;deporte&quot; didn't carry the verb: we don't say &quot;deportar&quot; but &quot;hacer deporte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T03:07:57.597" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T03:07:57.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1800" CreationDate="2012-02-12T16:13:41.137" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact both English &lt;em&gt;sport&lt;/em&gt; and Spanish &lt;em&gt;deporte&lt;/em&gt; come from Latin &lt;em&gt;deportāre&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;deportō&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish etymology at least as far as the spelling is concerned is quite straightforward. &lt;strong&gt;There never was an &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the English etymology that picked up the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and lost the &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. The reason is because English picked up the word from Anglo-Norman, the version of French spoken in England when it was ruled by the Normans. Anglo-Norman had &lt;em&gt;desporter&lt;/em&gt; as a variant of &lt;em&gt;deporter&lt;/em&gt; which it had inherited from Old French.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sport#Etymology&quot;&gt;English Wiktionary &lt;em&gt;sport&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/desport#Anglo-Norman&quot;&gt;English Wiktionary &lt;em&gt;desport&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=sport&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;etymonline.com&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;sport&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-12T17:55:11.897" LastActivityDate="2012-02-12T17:55:11.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1806" CreationDate="2012-02-12T22:26:11.163" Score="4" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading a book and there's this phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te elegimos a ti en concreto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder in what situations should the objective pronoum be repeated this way. Or it's allowed to be repeated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="516" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:18:55.323" Title="&quot;Te elegimos a ti en concreto&quot;. Isn't it pleonasm? When is it allowed?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1805" CreationDate="2012-02-13T01:36:49.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te&lt;/code&gt; is weak and unstressed. If you want to stress the fact that it was &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; the one we chose, you have to add the stressed pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te elegimos → We &lt;strong&gt;chose&lt;/strong&gt; you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te elegimos a ti → We chose &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This applies in general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo dije → I said it to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo dije a ti → I said it to &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; (and not to him)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T07:18:55.323" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T07:18:55.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2012-02-13T05:09:40.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; = &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; in all senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, do not under any circumstances use it in a proper noun, like &lt;code&gt;El Paso&lt;/code&gt;, where the &lt;code&gt;artículo definido&lt;/code&gt; is a part of the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(x ) Voy &lt;code&gt;Al&lt;/code&gt; Paso, Texas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(✓) Voy &lt;code&gt;a El&lt;/code&gt; Paso, Texas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, some countries require a &lt;code&gt;artículo definido&lt;/code&gt;, when it is not part of the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a la India.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; Brasil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="499" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T05:09:40.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1811" CreationDate="2012-02-13T08:59:40.960" Score="8" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;What convention (or conventions) exist for words that are recited by a group of people, but refer to oneself using gender-specific pronouns?  The most common context is probably group worship in a church service (as this is what caused me to think of this tonight), but could also include the recital of pledges, such as in court, or a 4-H meeting, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's use a simple, made up example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy comprometido con la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What conventions exist for writing such words/lyrics that are expected to be recited by both men and women?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could see it being written with both forms (i.e. &lt;code&gt;comprometido/a&lt;/code&gt; or similar), but tonight at church, I noticed the feminine version of the word was written on the overhead projection, which seems like the least likely convention to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What conventions exist for actually speaking these words aloud?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will each person say the same word (either masculine or feminine), or will each person substitute their own gender? At church tonight, I noticed the music leader, who was female, sang the masculine pronoun, despite the feminine pronoun being written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So whatever conventions do or may exist, my experience tonight seemed to confuse them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-19T05:52:00.113" Title="Convention for group-recited, gender-specific, self-referencing pronouns" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1809" CreationDate="2012-02-13T13:51:29.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you observed, the female form written in the projection is, indeed, the least likely convention, and not even the lead singer obeyed to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If in a group of people (possibly men and women) some woman is speaking on behalf of the females present, she will say &lt;em&gt;nosotras&lt;/em&gt; (and will use the female form of verbs). In a women-only context, they will most likely talk about &lt;em&gt;nosotras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the &lt;em&gt;de facto&lt;/em&gt; convention is to use the masculine version whenever there is at least one male amongst the present, provided the group is referring to themselves (&lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;). So, for example, a typical politician's discourse will say &quot;nosotros&quot;, &quot;comprometidos con el país&quot;, etc., except, for example, when the politician is a woman and she's talking to a group of women (about women's rights, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="484" LastEditorUserId="484" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T19:16:10.773" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T19:16:10.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1809" CreationDate="2012-02-13T13:57:36.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no full consensus here, neither in theory nor in practice. In Spanish, traditionally the masculine form is also used &quot;neutrally&quot;... so it's usually accepted in this form, at least for plural cases (&quot;nosotros&quot;). But 1) in the singular case you are refering to (a woman using the first singular person) this is a little more difficult to swallow and 2) there are the understandable ideological feminist trends that see in these uses signs of masculine domination, etc. In my experience (Argentina) both alternatives you mention are found. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One particular case I recall: in the catholic mass, just before the Communion, the people say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;no soy digno&lt;/strong&gt; de que entres en mi casa, pero una palabra tuya&#xA;  bastará para sanarme&quot; (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://hjg.com.ar/ssee/49_lc/c007.html#v6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lc 7&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most women find natural to use the masculine form here. But the feminine alternative is not unheard of, and it would also be considered acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-19T05:52:00.113" LastActivityDate="2013-05-19T05:52:00.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2012-02-13T20:20:42.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to other answers: bear in mind that, even in regions where &quot;vos&quot; is the norm (as in Argentina), &quot;tú&quot; is readily recognized and accepted as &quot;neutral Spanish&quot;, so you won't have any problem at all if you use it. For example: young people in Buenos Aires would never use &quot;tú&quot; in normal speak, however they will find it natural in poetry, songs lyrics, &quot;fansubs&quot; (movies subtitles), movies dubs, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T20:30:39.047" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T20:30:39.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1816" CreationDate="2012-02-13T20:33:57.257" Score="2" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish equivalent of the English word &quot;encounter&quot; is &quot;rencontrar.&quot;  Why does the Spanish version have the beginning &quot;r&quot; when the English one doesn't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source is the Spanish version of &quot;Tea for Two,&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu serás aquel amor, que yo soñé en rencontrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned the song years ago, but can't find a google version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T22:31:34.813" LastActivityDate="2019-05-21T13:35:48.353" Title="Origin of 'r' in 'rencontrar'" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1814" CreationDate="2012-02-13T22:29:22.603" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The premise that the Spanish equivalent of &quot;encounter&quot; is &quot;rencontrar&quot; is false. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Rencontrar&quot; means &quot;to re-encounter&quot;, or to encounter again, for a second time for example. Hence the &quot;r&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T22:29:22.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1814" CreationDate="2012-02-13T22:41:51.603" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, the Spanish equivalent of &lt;em&gt;encounter&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;encuentro&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;rencontrar&lt;/em&gt;. The song you are referring to might be saying &lt;em&gt;reencontrar&lt;/em&gt;, which is the word &lt;em&gt;encuentro&lt;/em&gt; with the prefix &lt;em&gt;re&lt;/em&gt;. That prefix means repetition or augmentation, depending on context. You can find it with a hyphen (&lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt;), like &lt;em&gt;re-encontrar&lt;/em&gt;, or without it: &lt;em&gt;reencontrar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the song you are quoting it is like saying encounter or find it again as in once I had it and I lost it: &lt;em&gt;alguna vez soñé con reencontrarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="189" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T12:52:24.777" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T12:52:24.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2012-02-14T00:20:35.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El burrito del teniente lleva carga y no la siente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;lleva&lt;/code&gt; means to carry something. By remembering this you can infer the meaning of &lt;code&gt;traer&lt;/code&gt; (to bring).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just an idea :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="515" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-15T07:18:30.703" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T07:18:30.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-14T03:47:48.657" Score="4" ViewCount="940" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una biblia bilingüe. En el 14 capítulo de Juan, cuenta así una conversación entre Jesús y uno de su discípulos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--Señor-- dijo Felipe--, &lt;strong&gt;muéstranos al Padre&lt;/strong&gt; y con eso nos basta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--¡Pero, Felipe! ¿Tanto tiempo llevo ya entre ustedes, y todavía no me conoces? El que me ha visto a mí, ha visto al Padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, esta misma frase, &quot;muéstranos al Padre&quot;, es traducido del griego original como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;show us the Father&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Yo hubiera pensado que &quot;muéstranos al Padre&quot; significaría &quot;&lt;strong&gt;show us TO&lt;/strong&gt; the Father&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como es que &quot;mostrar a&quot; no significa &quot;show to&quot;? ¿Y como se escribiría &quot;show us TO the Father&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a bilingual Bible. In John chapter 14, a conversation between Jesus and one of his disciples is recorded like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Phillip said, &quot;Lord, &lt;strong&gt;show us the Father&lt;/strong&gt; and that will be enough for&#xA;  us.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jesus answered, &quot;Don't you know me, Phillip, even after I have been&#xA;  among you such a long time? Anyone who has seen me has seen the&#xA;  Father.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, this same phrase, &quot;show us the Father&quot;, is translated from the original Greek as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;muéstranos al Padre&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. I would have thought that &quot;muéstranos al Padre&quot; would mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;show us TO&lt;/strong&gt; the Father.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it that &quot;mostrar a&quot; doesn't mean &quot;show to&quot;? And how would one say &quot;show us TO the Father&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="529" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-02-14T10:30:10.430" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T10:51:15.453" Title="Why does &quot;mostrar a&quot; mean &quot;to show&quot; and not &quot;to show to&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1818" CreationDate="2012-02-14T06:51:21.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, when the direct object is a person, you have to put &quot;a&quot; before it. Compare these two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llevé el libro a la biblioteca  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llevé a María a la biblioteca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the examples you give, &quot;el Padre&quot; is the direct object and, even though it is not actually a person, it works as such. That's why it has that &quot;a&quot; (remember, a+el = al).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you seem to know, the indirect object always has that &quot;a&quot;. That can sometimes lead to confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T10:51:15.453" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T10:51:15.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1824" CreationDate="2012-02-15T03:30:38.290" Score="3" ViewCount="609" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I've been interested in learning a language. I took three years of Spanish in high school, and while I did better than the average high school student, I still have gaps in my knowledge of the language, and it has been a while since learning everything. I think I just need a refresher on some of the grammar rules I already learned in school and expand my vocabulary. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what to study/use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="533" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T08:42:09.463" LastActivityDate="2020-09-02T11:29:13.030" Title="Continuing education after high school" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-09-02T11:29:39.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2012-02-15T14:28:18.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend what I tell my daughter all the time: &lt;code&gt;La práctica hace al maestro&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find someone you can chat with in Spanish, watch Spanish TV and turn on the closed captions, read texts in Spanish out loud so you can listen how you pronounce, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try watching cartoons for children. Cartoons are usually good because they pronounce the words very clearly, slowly and without the use of slang. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T14:28:18.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2012-02-15T17:59:21.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no substitute to talking to a native speaker. The more you listen, the more that the ways they express themselves make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found great help in a good grammar book. Read a chapter and make a point in using what you learned that day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="535" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T17:59:21.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2012-02-15T18:25:52.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there is no &quot;official&quot; Basic Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But take the 850 Basic English words, translate them into Spanish, and you have a &quot;basic Spanish&quot; vocabulary that you can work with. At least, those are the Spanish words I'd learn first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T18:25:52.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2012-02-15T18:52:18.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, a language generally is used in four basic skills: reading, writing, listening, and of course, speaking. A person can't be said to be fluent in any language until he or she has good control of all of these areas. Generally, a person will be more proficient in some areas than others, so it's best to target weak spots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions to improve in all four areas might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SPEAKING:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A native speaker is the best thing you could do. It will help you face a real-time conversation, and help with pronunciation (or sounding natural.) If you can't find anyone in your community, you might try looking online, as there are a lot of people that would be more than happy to Skype.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LISTENING:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Good listening skills are important to make sure that you can receive verbal instructions, but the level of necessity depends on the language (e.g. It might be harder to listen to Chinese than Spanish because it uses many pitch-accents.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listen to music or watch movies in Spanish. If you can't understand what's being said, replay it, and try to focus on which sounds are hardest. (Note: use clear recordings, as noise &amp;amp; static will make the process much harder than it needs to be.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/listening/listeningindex.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online listening comprehension&lt;/a&gt; test is also a great idea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WRITING:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;While Spanish is written rather phonetically, accents can be a bit hard to remember, and even natives can make mistakes with them from time to time.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Online language social networking sites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lang-8.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lang-8&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.italki.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;italki&lt;/a&gt; are great since everything you write can be checked by other natives. Using these sites to keep an online journal will also help you see &amp;amp; track your progress over time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a spellchecker, but &lt;strong&gt;don't be LAZY!&lt;/strong&gt; ;) If you see that you've spelled a word wrong, try to practice it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;READING:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In Spanish, reading is probably the easiest of the four areas, and generally the one mastered first.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read Spanish novels, newspapers, blogs and websites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep a good Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt; with you or on your PC &amp;amp; phone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, the most general principles of a language that are not tied to any one of the four specific areas of use discussed above are: vocabulary and grammar. These are learned fairly easily, and you'll pick them up as you try focusing on use of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, just try to use the language in every way possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-09-01T08:44:57.767" LastActivityDate="2020-09-01T08:44:57.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1755" CreationDate="2012-02-15T22:34:17.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never forget this one : the Personal pronoun &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; is always capitalized in English, but &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; is not always capitalized in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="425" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T22:34:17.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1827" CreationDate="2012-02-15T23:03:12.667" Score="19" ViewCount="91361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish and ran across &quot;De nada&quot; and &quot;No hay de qué&quot;. Both mean &quot;You're welcome&quot;. What's the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T14:01:23.617" LastActivityDate="2020-04-17T21:06:15.113" Title="What is the difference between &quot;De nada&quot; and &quot;No hay de qué&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2012-02-16T02:06:28.323" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just a matter of regional preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de qué&lt;/em&gt; might be a bit more formal in some contexts, but they mean exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T02:06:28.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1829" CreationDate="2012-02-16T15:18:15.173" Score="5" ViewCount="30538" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I know if I have to use the one with accent and not the one without accent? Could you provide examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-17T12:57:44.047" LastActivityDate="2020-10-14T17:40:01.020" Title="Difference between &quot;está&quot; and &quot;esta&quot; or &quot;esté&quot; and &quot;este&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1828" CreationDate="2012-02-16T16:09:03.990" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just a matter of stress. If the stressed syllable is the first one, you don't write the accent. If it's the last one, you do.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You know, the rule states that &quot;if the stress is in the last syllable and it ends in vowel, n or s, you must write the accent&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;esté&lt;/code&gt; are forms of the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, whereas &lt;code&gt;esta&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;este&lt;/code&gt; are demonstratives or pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta mesa está aquí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es mejor que este jarrón esté aquí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T16:09:03.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1831" CreationDate="2012-02-16T22:30:51.413" Score="7" ViewCount="2686" Body="&lt;p&gt;I spoke with a friend that I haven't spoken to in a long time. He started with a question about a test he is having. After I answered the question, I wanted to ask him:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;How have you been anyway?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in, &lt;em&gt;'On another topic, how have you been?'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the best way to translate anyway in this context?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would the best translation for &lt;strong&gt;'anyway'&lt;/strong&gt; be &lt;strong&gt;'de todos modos'&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are some other ways to say 'anyway' but wasn't sure of the best translation in this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, are there more natural ways to ask this question as apposed to&#xA;a direct translation, ie. an idiomatic expression or something?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T22:22:34.287" Title="Translations of 'anyway'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1830" CreationDate="2012-02-16T23:04:57.190" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;More naturally to me would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por cierto, ¿cómo has estado?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambiando de tema, ¿cómo has estado? (for some people this could be rude because it is like saying &quot;Ok enough with that and now let's talk about...&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-17T08:35:35.333" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T08:35:35.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1830" CreationDate="2012-02-16T23:38:45.197" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;&lt;em&gt;anyway&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be a bit tricky to translate correctly since it can have several meanings in English. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anyway&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; defines 3 modern meanings.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the way you're looking to use it, I believe a good translation might be &quot;&lt;em&gt;bueno y...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which is roughly the same as &quot;&lt;em&gt;well, and...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; It provides a nice and clean spirited topic transition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bueno, y entonces ¿cómo has estado? Escuché que encontraste un nuevo trabajo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Well, and so how have you been? I heard you found a new job.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-17T10:35:39.290" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T10:35:39.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1689" CreationDate="2012-02-18T08:13:22.983" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuerda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cordel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thin rope or string, usually made of hemp or nylon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cordón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very much like 'cordel' but made of a more flexible and soft material (wool, silk...) and usually designed with a estetic sense. It is also used for ornamentation (for example, in drapes or high-rank military uniforms). It is mainly used to refer to a shoelace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wire or electrical cord. It is always related to electricity, and made of a metal covered with plastic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alambre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like a wire, but never used for electricity (as it comes without the plastic part).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hilo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thread, used to make clothes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rope, usually made of esparto or hemp. A 'soga' is usually stronger than a 'cuerda'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sedal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fishing line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is each individual string used to made a rope by twisting it with another 'ramales', but it is very uncommon in this context (to be honest, this is the first time I've seen it in my life). 'Ramal' usually refers to a division in a highway or underground line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Filamento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Filament. Although is the generic word for something with the shape of a string, it is mainly used to refer to the incandescent wire inside a light bulb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hebra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually a textile filament. Sometimes it is used to refer to filaments biology-related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-02-18T08:13:22.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1838" CreationDate="2012-02-18T11:47:13.057" Score="6" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this question may involve more than Spanish, and may include Romance languages or even Latin.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder why, when, and how did vowels &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; get special treatment from consonants like &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;G&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Q&lt;/em&gt; ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For special treatment I mean specifically that this vowels change the preceding consonants pronunciation, and taking into account that the Roman alphabet comes from the Greek alphabet which in turn comes from the Phoenician alphabet and in these alphabets, as far as I know, this doesn't happen, at least not in the same conditions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'm talking about pronunciation, maybe the fact that I included the &lt;em&gt;Q&lt;/em&gt; makes it look that I'm confusing pronunciation with spelling, but I just included the &lt;em&gt;Q&lt;/em&gt; because it's the way in Spanish to make the /k/ sound which the &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt; can't make before &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="169" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T15:56:45.677" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T20:12:58.657" Title="Why, when, and how did vowels E and I get special treatment from consonants like C,G &amp; Q?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1834" CreationDate="2012-02-19T02:23:00.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C#Evoluci.C3.B3n_de_su_pronunciaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;, the C (and G) pronunciation diverged because of phonological reasons, it seems that quite early, and in common (at least in a first phase) with other romance languages (french, italian). See also the (in english, more general) wikipedia articles: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;C&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;G&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T02:23:00.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2012-02-19T15:47:15.420" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico &lt;code&gt;de nada&lt;/code&gt; - or &lt;code&gt;por nada&lt;/code&gt;- is a common reply to &lt;code&gt;gracias&lt;/code&gt;. I am now studying Spanish in Costa Rica where they take &lt;code&gt;de nada&lt;/code&gt; more literally hence offensive. To the locals &lt;code&gt;de nada&lt;/code&gt; means more like &quot;it was unimportant and I don't care&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the appropriate response to &lt;code&gt;gracias&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;mucho gusto&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;it's my pleasure&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly &lt;code&gt;me da igual&lt;/code&gt; is appropriate while &lt;code&gt;no me importa&lt;/code&gt; is somewhat offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T13:38:14.417" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T13:38:14.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1460" CreationDate="2012-02-19T16:12:32.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What passes for a waterfall can be classified into &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascada#Tipos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;many different subtypes&lt;/a&gt;, not just &lt;em&gt;casacadas y cataradas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One doesn’t usually think of a “rapid” as one, but in a way it is.  Indeed, Wikipedia mentions that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una &lt;em&gt;rápida&lt;/em&gt; es una característica hidrológica entre una &lt;em&gt;corrida&lt;/em&gt; (una parte fluida de un arroyo) y una &lt;em&gt;cascada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don’t confuse &lt;em&gt;corridas de agua&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;corridas de toros&lt;/em&gt;, though. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T16:12:32.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1834" CreationDate="2012-02-19T16:50:41.677" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right. This phenomenon goes all the way back to Vulgar Latin and applies to other Romance languages, as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, a little phonetics background: the vowels /e/ and /i/ are what phoneticians call &lt;em&gt;front vowels&lt;/em&gt;, because they are articulated in the frontal part of the mouth, unlike, for example, /a/, /o/ and /u/, which are articulated more to the back, closer to the throat. Actually, /a/ is a front vowel, but articulated at a lower part of the mouth. And the consonants /k/ and /g/ are &lt;em&gt;velar consonants&lt;/em&gt;, that is, they are articulated with the back of the tongue against the back part of the roof of the mouth (velum).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, take the Latin word CIRCA (/kirka/), for example. To pronounce this word, the speaker has, first, to articulate a consonant at the back of the mouth (the velar /k/) followed by a vowel at the front (the close front vowel /i/). In cases like this, it is very common the occurrence of a phonological phenomenon called &lt;em&gt;palatalization&lt;/em&gt;, which played a key role in the development of the Romance languages. Palatalization involves displacing the point of articulation to an area closer to the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this specific example, the consonant /k/ became an affricate: /tsirca/. Later on, the affricate /ts/ lost is occlusive articulation (the /t/ part) and became /sirca/ (modern Spanish &quot;cerca&quot;). A similar thing happened to /g/ before /e/ and /i/ (e.g. Latin /gens/ &gt; Spanish /xente/). In the case of /a/, /o/ and /u/, due to their being back and/or lower, they did not cause palatalization. So, for example, Latin CASUS became Spanish &quot;caso&quot; (and not */tsaso/ or something like that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But note that, although these sounds underwent a series of important changes, their spelling was kept similar to the original Latin spelling, for some reason. In order to avoid ambiguity, a special spelling convention was then adopted to represent the sequences of sounds /ke/ and /ki/: &quot;que&quot; and &quot;qui&quot;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="318" LastEditorUserId="318" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T20:12:58.657" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T20:12:58.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1755" CreationDate="2012-02-19T16:54:00.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand a bit on the issue of geographic names, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=may%FAsculas#47&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rule §4.7 in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los nombres comunes genéricos que acompañan a los nombres propios geográficos (ciudad, río, mar, océano, sierra, cordillera, cabo, golfo, estrecho, etc.) deben escribirse con minúscula: &lt;em&gt;la ciudad de Panamá, el río Ebro, la sierra de Gredos, la cordillera de los Andes, el cabo de Hornos.&lt;/em&gt; Solo si el nombre genérico forma parte del nombre propio, se escribe con mayúscula inicial: &lt;em&gt;Ciudad Real, Río de la Plata, Sierra Nevada, los Picos de Europa.&lt;/em&gt; También se escriben con inicial mayúscula algunos de estos nombres genéricos cuando, por antonomasia, designan un lugar único y, por lo tanto, funcionan a modo de nombre propio. Estas antonomasias están lógicamente limitadas en su uso a la comunidad de hablantes que comparten una misma geografía, para los que la identificación de la referencia es inequívoca, como ocurre, por ejemplo, entre los chilenos, con &lt;em&gt;la Cordillera&lt;/em&gt; (por la cordillera de los Andes) o, entre los españoles, con &lt;em&gt;la Península&lt;/em&gt; (por el territorio peninsular español) o &lt;em&gt;el Estrecho&lt;/em&gt; (por el estrecho de Gibraltar). El hecho de escribir &lt;em&gt;Península Ibérica&lt;/em&gt; con mayúsculas se debe a que con esta expresión nos referimos a una entidad de carácter histórico-político, y no a un mero accidente geográfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly recommend reading the entire &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?origen=RAE&amp;amp;lema=may%FAsculas#47&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;section on &lt;strong&gt;Mayúsculas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for more details about all using majuscules (meaning uppercase) in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T16:54:00.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1843" CreationDate="2012-02-20T01:48:55.810" Score="17" ViewCount="51831" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you see a mother with a laughing little 2-year-old. In English, we might exclaim, &quot;how cute!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had trouble saying this in Spanish. The word &quot;cute&quot; means something like &quot;beautiful&quot;, but it has a sense of smallness and playfulness and affection. (It &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; be used for an adult; I might call my wife &quot;cute&quot; if she's doing something silly, but in serious moments I would say something more like &quot;beautiful&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've asked a couple of Spanish speakers for a Spanish equivalent for &quot;cute&quot;, and I've looked online, but I'm not sure if any of these fit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lindo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt; - These could both describe an attractive adult, right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;precioso&lt;/strong&gt; - This seems close; we might say &quot;precious&quot; in English about a small child.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡qué mono rico es!&lt;/strong&gt; - This is just confusing. &lt;em&gt;&quot;What a delicious monkey&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you say that a child is &quot;cute&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="529" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:37:55.430" LastActivityDate="2020-04-05T15:39:30.237" Title="How might you say a child is &quot;cute&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-20T04:12:11.610" Score="3" ViewCount="44501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble understanding how to use &lt;em&gt;tienes/tengo&lt;/em&gt; and other related &amp;quot;have&amp;quot; words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in my current lesson in Rosetta Stone, the following examples are used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo anteojos de sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes una entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recall other examples combine a have word with &lt;code&gt;Yo&lt;/code&gt;, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would you use &lt;code&gt;tengo&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;tienes&lt;/code&gt; and why would you admit &lt;code&gt;Yo&lt;/code&gt;, which from what I understand is equivalent to &lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="478" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-09-01T14:54:44.220" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T08:26:27.770" Title="Grammar of «tengo» and «tienes»" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1841" CreationDate="2012-02-20T05:27:13.433" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;This confusion is easy to resolve once you understand that Spanish is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inflected&lt;/a&gt; language, so verbs are &lt;em&gt;marked&lt;/em&gt; (that is, changed) to reflect things like &lt;em&gt;tense&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;person&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;number&lt;/em&gt;. (See Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_grammar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Grammar&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Describing all of the different types of inflections and verb changes is a lengthy process and beyond the scope of a single answer, so I'll try to focus on just what is concerning you at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tienes&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; arises from a difference of person: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is in the first person, and &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tienes&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is in the second. The difference can be understood best by an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo tengo anteojos de sol.&lt;/em&gt;   (&lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; have sunglasses.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú tienes anteojos de sol.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;You&lt;/em&gt; have sunglasses.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A complete conjugation of the verb &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Person / Number&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Conjugation&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;First person singular&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;yo tengo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Second person singular (informal)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;tú tienes&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Second person singular (formal)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;usted tiene&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Third person singular&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;él/ella tiene&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;First person plural&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;nosotros/nosotras tenemos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Second person plural&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;vosotros tenéis&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Second person plural (formal)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ustedes tienen&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Third person plural&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ellos/ellas tienen&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should be enough to get you started; you'll just need to figure out what &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_person&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;person&lt;/a&gt; the subject of the sentence is in, and choose the appropriate form. :) That said, you'll definitely want to look into the subject of inflection more, since it's a real must if you want to be able to speak Spanish to any degree (You can learn a lot of verb classifications and rules that will make this easier.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the second point of why &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; was used in some cases, and not in others, the thing is that since Spanish verbs are inflected to show person (and number), subject pronouns (like &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, etc.) can be omitted without making the sentence any harder to comprehend. Unless you want to be very formal, add emphasis, or an ambiguity might arise, feel free to omit pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-12-24T08:26:27.770" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T08:26:27.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-02-20T07:04:59.277" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the words you provide might fit at different levels of &quot;beautiful&quot;. Personally, I would translate &quot;cute&quot; as &quot;mono&quot; or &quot;rico&quot; (but never as &quot;mono rico&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check the first definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mono&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mono&lt;/a&gt; and the seventh of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=rico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rico&lt;/a&gt;. They both mean, specially for children, beautiful and funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make things clearer, I'm from Spain, and I don't know what's used in other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:38:16.917" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:38:16.917" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-02-20T18:05:03.360" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we use for cute:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué lindo! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué bonito!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also we use a regionalism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué tierno!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-21T02:14:36.630" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T02:14:36.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1846" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1847" CreationDate="2012-02-20T18:18:01.867" Score="1" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, &lt;code&gt;wise&lt;/code&gt; is normally translated as &lt;code&gt;sabio&lt;/code&gt; when referring to a person. What about when not referring to a person? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't think that would be a very wise decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It would be wise to call ahead before you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That was a very wise way of handling that situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-25T12:20:14.730" Title="Translating &quot;wise&quot; (not referring to a person, e.g. &quot;wise decision&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1846" CreationDate="2012-02-20T20:06:08.163" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &quot;inteligente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que esa sea una decisión muy inteligente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sería inteligente llamar antes de ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fue una manera muy inteligente de gestionar la situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metaphorically, you can also use &quot;sabio&quot; applied to non humans, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que esa sea una decisión muy sabia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T20:06:08.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2012-02-20T21:56:17.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Searching in Google Books, shows that translation being already used back in 1969.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a newspaper/magazine called &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.es/books?num=11&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;id=4pUYAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hispano americano&lt;/a&gt; from 1969. Search for &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.es/books?num=11&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;id=4pUYAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22dos%20de%20ellas%22#search_anchor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;dos de ellas&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.es/books?num=11&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;id=4pUYAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22mariscal%20de%20campo%22#search_anchor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;mariscal de campo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Take a look on the snippets of page 59, left column. It is definitely related to sports, possibly to American football.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it is not a complete answer, but could be an starting point to more skilled researchers :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T21:56:17.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-02-20T22:22:19.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Oxford Spanish-English dictionary offers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mono (&lt;em&gt;fam&lt;/em&gt;), cuco (&lt;em&gt;fam&lt;/em&gt;), rico (&lt;em&gt;CS fam&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T22:22:19.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1846" CreationDate="2012-02-20T22:41:33.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another options is to use &quot;sensato&quot; (or sensata depending on the situation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que esa sea una decisión muy sensata.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sería sensato llamar antes de ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa fue una manera muy sensata de manejar esa situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T22:41:33.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1853" CreationDate="2012-02-21T17:47:25.280" Score="3" ViewCount="1618" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if there is any kind of emergency or urgent assistance needed, we use the interjection, &quot;Help!&quot; In Spanish I've seen several:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Socorro!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Auxilio!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ayuda!&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;¡Ayúdame!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these is the most general-purpose word used in emergencies? Is there any difference between these Spanish interjections?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T14:38:27.990" Title="Translating &quot;Help!&quot; (interjection)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1851" CreationDate="2012-02-21T18:09:45.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico the most common are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ayuda!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ayúdame!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ayúdenme!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We understand &lt;code&gt;socorro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;auxilio&lt;/code&gt; but they are not used daily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-22T14:04:43.583" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T14:04:43.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1851" CreationDate="2012-02-21T20:16:40.210" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, all of them are very common, and use one of them is just a question of regional/personal preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, 'socorro' and 'auxilio' sounds more urgent and important than 'ayuda', probably because 'socorro' and 'auxilio' are only used in an emergency, while 'ayuda' is also related to non-urgent help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T20:16:40.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2012-02-21T20:40:56.373" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is another way in Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay por qué darlas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that you don't need to thank me because helping you was easy for me, or our personal relation is so strong that helping you is taken for granted. Actually, the three forms have the same sense, as 'De nada' and 'No hay de qué' can be considered shorter forms of 'No hay por qué darlas'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the three forms are common, with 'De nada' being the most common due to its shortness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T11:21:23.363" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T11:21:23.363" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1856" CreationDate="2012-02-21T22:16:04.040" Score="14" ViewCount="60995" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the difference between &lt;code&gt;mas&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;más&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What rules should I follow to know which one to use? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could you provide examples showing their uses?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T01:25:10.127" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T01:25:10.127" Title="Difference between &quot;mas&quot; and &quot;más&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1855" CreationDate="2012-02-21T22:48:52.780" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=m%C3%A1s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Más&lt;/a&gt; means 'more'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero más comida (I don't want more food)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=mas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mas&lt;/a&gt; means 'but', usually it can be replaced by 'pero'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fui a casa, mas estaba vacía (I went home, but it was empty)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both have the same pronunciation(*) despite the accent, the accent is here to make clear what meaning is actually used. Note that 'mas' is uncommon in a casual conversation, it is mostly used in literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) That's only true if they are alone. In a complete sentence, the pronunciation may vary. As written in some comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are pronounced in the same way when they are alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas&lt;/em&gt; is &amp;quot;átona&amp;quot; and &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; is &amp;quot;tónica&amp;quot;, so they're not pronounced exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words that are &amp;quot;tónicas&amp;quot; are stressed in the context of a sentence while the &amp;quot;átonas&amp;quot; are linked to whatever &amp;quot;tónica&amp;quot; word appears next in the sentence (forming a group that is treated like a &amp;quot;whole word&amp;quot; in pronunciation). Here is a good article about that: blog.lengua-e.com/2011/palabras-tonicas-y-palabras-atonas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T01:24:31.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1855" CreationDate="2012-02-21T22:49:28.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mas&quot; is rather unfrequent - at least in every day speech, here in Argentina, but I suspect it's the same in many other places, based on movies, TV, books, etc. It even sounds a bit archaic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You almost always will see and want to use &quot;más&quot;, not &quot;mas&quot; (most of the times you read &quot;mas&quot;, it's probably a &quot;más&quot; missing an accent). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to tell them apart? A quick rule (that I'm making up right now so it's obviously not thorughly tested!) is remembering that &quot;mas&quot; means &quot;but&quot;. So if you can replace it with &quot;pero&quot;, it's &quot;mas&quot;; otherwise, it's &quot;más&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dumb example of both words in a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las dos son palabras perfectamente válidas, mas una se usa mucho más&#xA;  que la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-02-21T22:49:28.930" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1851" CreationDate="2012-02-22T09:57:37.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayuda = Help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayúdame = Help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Socorro = Ask for help;(any one for help...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Auxilio = Aid, assistance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="546" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T14:38:27.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1860" CreationDate="2012-02-22T15:30:34.730" Score="7" ViewCount="380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen and heard &quot;mas sin embargo&quot;. My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it correct to use &quot;mas sin embargo&quot;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a pleonasm?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mario tiene que hacer mucha tarea, mas sin embargo está jugando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es un pleonasmo, mas sin embargo hay veces que es usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-25T12:22:14.930" LastActivityDate="2012-02-25T12:22:14.930" Title="Is &quot;mas sin embargo&quot; a pleonasm?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1859" CreationDate="2012-02-22T16:03:12.660" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's a pleonasm because both adverbs (&amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;sin embargo&amp;quot;) has an &lt;strong&gt;adversative meaning&lt;/strong&gt; and adding &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;mas&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; doesn't affect the meaning of the sentence. So it's redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, these sentences have the same meaning though using &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;mas sin embargo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; may make the sentence more &lt;strong&gt;aesthetic for literature&lt;/strong&gt; (so it will probably be more used in writing than in speaking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mario tiene que hacer muchas tareas, &lt;strong&gt;sin embargo&lt;/strong&gt; está jugando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mario tiene que hacer mucha tareas, &lt;strong&gt;mas sin embargo&lt;/strong&gt; está jugando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even they are quite close in meaning to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mario tiene que hacer muchas tareas, &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt; está jugando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mario tiene que hacer mucha tareas, &lt;strong&gt;mas&lt;/strong&gt; está jugando. (this is very formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T16:03:12.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1855" CreationDate="2012-02-22T16:15:14.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it means more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you are contrasting ideas, like &quot;but&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="488" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-02-22T16:18:42.890" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T16:18:42.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1862" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1864" CreationDate="2012-02-22T22:14:12.070" Score="2" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose that you are explaining something to someone. Which of these is more appropriate to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me entiendes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me explico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me explico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it could be interpreted as if you are not good enough to explain the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me entiendes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it could be interpreted as if you are doubting that the person is good enough to grasp the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So what's the preferred expression?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other expressions that I should use?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I just not say anything and keep going with the explanation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-02-25T12:24:10.047" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T20:57:40.980" Title="What is the preferred word to use to know if the partner is grasping what you are explaining?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1862" CreationDate="2012-02-23T03:07:39.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm partial to &lt;code&gt;¿estamos?&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Primero A, después B y luego C.  ¿Estamos?  Bien, ahora tenemos que&#xA;  seguir con pasos D y E.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It goes particularly well at &quot;checkpoints&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I disagree with your premise: I don't think you're putting either your ability to explain or your interlocutor's ability to understand in doubt by asking &lt;code&gt;¿me explico?&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;¿me entiendes?&lt;/code&gt;, especially if you're dealing with complicated concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-24T15:22:51.487" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T15:22:51.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1862" CreationDate="2012-02-23T07:40:01.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Michael, neither &lt;em&gt;¿me explico?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;¿me entiendes?&lt;/em&gt; are bad choices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that &lt;em&gt;¿me entiendes?&lt;/em&gt; would be the one I would use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;em&gt;¿estamos?&lt;/em&gt; may be used based on the country/cultural context you are. I don't think I have ever used nor have I heard too many people use &lt;em&gt;¿estamos?&lt;/em&gt; to ask if I'm understanding something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="550" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-23T16:51:05.807" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T16:51:05.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1865" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1867" CreationDate="2012-02-23T17:35:03.660" Score="11" ViewCount="29036" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen &quot;forever&quot; translated as both &lt;em&gt;por siempre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para siempre&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference? Are there contexts where you must use one or the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T13:35:26.740" LastActivityDate="2020-01-21T05:34:09.247" Title="What is the difference between &quot;por siempre&quot; and &quot;para siempre&quot; to say &quot;forever&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1830" CreationDate="2012-02-23T19:03:49.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, it would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oye, y a todo esto, ¿cómo has estado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which makes things easier in changing the topic without being rude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="547" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:23:34.197" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:23:34.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1865" CreationDate="2012-02-23T20:19:47.547" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &lt;em&gt;para siempre&lt;/em&gt; is the most common form in everyday speech. The form &lt;em&gt;por siempre&lt;/em&gt; is understood but used only in written or literary/poetic contexts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T20:19:47.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1865" CreationDate="2012-02-24T14:52:29.350" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found an interesting article about the use of &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;. It's in Spanish and you can find it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pyc-revista.com/numAnt/num4/15_gramatica.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quoting the use of &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; when you talk about time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También encontramos las dos preposiciones para señalar el tiempo en el&#xA;  que transcurre o va a transcurrir una acción: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El artículo tiene que estar listo &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; el jueves. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Siempre vuelve a casa &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; Navidad. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando utilizamos la preposición &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; nos referimos a un tiempo&#xA;  exacto, mientras que la utilización de la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; indica un&#xA;  tiempo aproximado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el primer caso el artículo no debe exceder el jueves, que es la&#xA;  fecha límite. Mientras que en el segundo la persona llega a casa en la&#xA;  época de Navidad, pero no se especifica el día determinado en el que&#xA;  llega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por&lt;/em&gt; indica tiempo aproximado / &lt;em&gt;Para&lt;/em&gt; indica tiempo exacto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So according to the last line you use &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;approximate time&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;exact time&lt;/strong&gt;. We are mortals right? So &lt;code&gt;Forever&lt;/code&gt; usually means &lt;code&gt;until I die&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly enough, people don´t normally know when they're going to die, so the definition of &lt;code&gt;forever&lt;/code&gt; as an &lt;strong&gt;approximate time&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;exact time&lt;/strong&gt; is not so precise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion you should use &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; according to your religious / philosophical / whatever beliefs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-21T05:34:09.247" LastActivityDate="2020-01-21T05:34:09.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1870" CreationDate="2012-02-24T17:54:45.383" Score="7" ViewCount="2630" Body="&lt;p&gt;People refer to the days of the month as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1 de enero = uno de enero o &lt;strong&gt;primero de enero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2 de enero = dos de enero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 de enero = tres de enero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy es primero de enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the use of the ordinal number for the &lt;strong&gt;day one&lt;/strong&gt;. Does that mean that you can also use ordinal numbers for the days of the month or is this just an exception for the day one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;segundo de enero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tercero de enero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-24T19:05:15.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-26T02:16:01.950" Title="What is the correct way to say the days of a month?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1869" CreationDate="2012-02-24T19:43:40.700" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of ordinal numbers in dates is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicism&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;anglicism&lt;/a&gt;. You can use ordinal or cardinal interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are countries that use only cardinal numbers (like Spain I think):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 (uno) de enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In others, we use only the first day of the month as an ordinal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1º (primero) de marzo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 (dos) de marzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't heard of any country that uses only ordinal numbers but it doesn't mean is wrong. It's also perfectly correct to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;23º (vigésimo tercer día) de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can found more information on this &lt;a href=&quot;http://usoadecuadodelalenguaescrita.blogspot.com/2009/01/escritura-fechas.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T19:43:40.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1871" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-26T00:23:08.123" Score="13" ViewCount="2600" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE says no, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=versus&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; says yes. Is it used or understood by the Spanish speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T14:14:27.553" Title="Is &quot;versus&quot; a Spanish word?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1871" CreationDate="2012-02-26T01:04:13.463" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't Spanish, it's Latin. It is used in Spanish with the same meaning as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/versus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/versus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-25T18:45:32.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1869" CreationDate="2012-02-26T02:16:01.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never seen or heard of ordinal numbers used for any dates other than the 1st of each month, and then only colloquially. Use cardinal numbers to be safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastActivityDate="2012-02-26T02:16:01.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1396" CreationDate="2012-02-26T14:51:57.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile you learn spanish from when you're 6 until you're 18. It varies from mostly orthography to vocabulary, grammar and literature. By the time you're 16 it is mostly just literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastActivityDate="2012-02-26T14:51:57.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1875" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-26T19:26:58.153" Score="5" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I encountered the expression &quot;fiestas de árboles&quot;  in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuhWU6DrODk&quot;&gt;song&lt;/a&gt; by a Chilean singer whose lyrics are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tus ojos son fiestas de árboles, son mi ventana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Son estrellas que guían mi caravana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translates the expression as &quot;holiday tree&quot; and my search shows it is about trees used in ceremonies. Now, shouldn't it be &quot;árboles de fiestas&quot;, that is &quot;trees of holiday&quot;? &quot;Fiestas de árboles&quot; sounds like holidays fulls of trees, if that makes sense.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2012-02-26T23:20:55.623" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T19:40:52.590" Title="Why &quot;fiestas de árboles&quot; and not &quot;árboles de fiestas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1875" CreationDate="2012-02-26T22:07:42.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, these phrases sound very strange to me (I should have the context they are used into, in order to have a better understanding of them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish such phrases may be an example of that is knoun as &quot;Complemento del Nombre&quot;. I'm not sure if such a concept exists in English grammar. In Spanish you must think of that complement as some sort of adjective that specifies the role of the main noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its structure is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Main Noun] de [Specifier Noun]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with the phrase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fiestas de árboles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fiestas&lt;/em&gt; is the main noun.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;árboles&lt;/em&gt; is the specifier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you may have these meanings (among others, depending on the context):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parties attended by trees (should be better expressed with: &lt;em&gt;Fiestas de los árboles&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parties made out of trees (parties whose main element are trees).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Árboles de fiestas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; may have these meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;Árboles que están de fiestas&lt;/em&gt;: trees which are going or attending to a party.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trees used within parties (should be also expressed with: &lt;em&gt;Árboles para fiestas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, at least the meanings I can think of these phrases are very similar for both cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-02-26T22:07:42.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2012-02-27T02:24:34.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put the Por or Para question into something easier to remember, I have put the reasons (taken from Puntos de Partida Spanish Textbook) in a visual style similar to Flimzy's arrows of intention, but with a few additions on the Por side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por is represented by a backwards arrow to represent the following meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         Because of,&#xA;         Due to&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por is represented by a circle with an arrow running through it for the following meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         Duration, (length of time pictured by the part of the arrow inside the circle)&#xA;         By means of,&#xA;         Through&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por is represented by a recycle symbol for the following meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;          In exchange for,&#xA;          In place of&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para is represented by a forward pointing arrow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        In order to, &#xA;        To be used for,&#xA;        To be given to,&#xA;         Future deadline,&#xA;        In the employ of,&#xA;        Towards&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(One meaning of para that doesn't fit with the forward arrow is &quot;in comparison with others in the group.&quot;  I don't have a picture for that one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone knows how to put visuals in here to help with this explanation, please let me know.  It would look better with the circles and arrows actually drawn in.  I'm very new to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T14:11:03.577" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T14:11:03.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-02-27T02:28:36.200" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always used &quot;precioso/a&quot; to describe cute kids. I'm in Texas, and so mostly speak with people from Mexico.  I think this word is pretty safe, since it doesn't have other meanings, like monkey.  I've always been scared to use that particular expression as a non-native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T02:28:36.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1728" CreationDate="2012-02-27T03:42:21.957" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can be explained with the three grades of demonstratives and of verbal persons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Primera persona: &lt;strong&gt;Esta&lt;/strong&gt; cosa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está &lt;strong&gt;cerca de mí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Segunda persona: &lt;strong&gt;Esa&lt;/strong&gt; cosa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está &lt;strong&gt;cerca de ti&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tercera persona: &lt;strong&gt;Aquella&lt;/strong&gt; cosa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está &lt;strong&gt;cerca de él&lt;/strong&gt; (o de otra persona; o sea, ni de ti ni de mí).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; versions are less precise.  You might in English say over here or around there.  &lt;em&gt;Por acá&lt;/em&gt; is around here, &lt;em&gt;por allá&lt;/em&gt; is over there somewhere. There is no *&lt;em&gt;ahá&lt;/em&gt; version for euphonious reasons; people use &lt;em&gt;por ahí&lt;/em&gt; to mean out there somewhere, as though it were the &lt;em&gt;-á&lt;/em&gt; version of the middle (2ª persona) degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T03:42:21.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1871" CreationDate="2012-02-27T12:52:04.957" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, &lt;strong&gt;versus&lt;/strong&gt; is not a Spanish word. It comes from Latin, but the deal here is that it was first widely used in English for legal documents during the XV century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not very clear but this word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; be considered an anglicism since it was first used in English and &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. Since it may be confusing in regard with its origin and its usage as &lt;em&gt;confrontation&lt;/em&gt; and not necessarily as a &lt;em&gt;contrary&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;opposition of&lt;/em&gt;, the RAE recommends using &lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;frente a&lt;/strong&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=versus&quot;&gt;Source:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;versus. Esta preposición, que en latín significaba ‘hacia’, adquirió en el lenguaje jurídico inglés, ya en el siglo xv, el valor de ‘contra’, y con este sentido se usa frecuentemente en el español de hoy: «Kaspárov ‘versus’ Deep Blue: ¿quién ganará la partida?» (País [Esp.] 21.5.97); «Odiosas dicotomías: habla popular versus lengua de cultura, lenguas primitivas versus lenguas avanzadas» (Ninyoles Idiomas [Esp. 1977]). Aparece a menudo en la forma abreviada vs.: «Para hoy se prevé igualmente la confirmación de los escenarios de los partidos Colegiales vs. Olimpia y San Lorenzo vs. Guaraní» (Abc [Par.] 7.11.00). Aunque no es censurable su empleo —pues palabras españolas como adversario, procedentes en latín de la misma raíz que versus, presentan el rasgo semántico de confrontación—, se recomienda sustituir este latinismo anglicado por la preposición española contra o por la locución preposicional frente a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;versus. This preposition, that in Latin means 'toward', acquired in the legal language of English, already in the XV century, the meaning of 'against', and with this meaning it is frequently used in the Spanish of today: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Kaspárov, 'versus' Deep Blue: Who will win the match?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; ... It is frequently seen in its abbreviated form 'vs' ... Even though it is not a unique usage word - as Spanish words like &lt;em&gt;adversario&lt;/em&gt; that come from the same Latin root of 'versus', present an additional meaning of confrontation-, it is recommended to substitute this anglicised latinism for the Spanish preposition of &lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt; or for the prepositional locution &lt;em&gt;frente a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T20:01:44.973" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T20:01:44.973" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1888" CreationDate="2012-02-27T15:08:40.137" Score="9" ViewCount="4424" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the plural of &quot;suéter&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, most of the times is called &quot;sueters&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it &quot;sueters&quot; or &quot;suéteres&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T00:30:55.043" Title="What's the plural of &quot;suéter&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1885" CreationDate="2012-02-27T15:19:44.040" Score="8" ViewCount="676" Body="&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que el niño no fue a la escuela porque se fracturo el tobillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que quiere es una computadora para hacer sus tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que dice es mentira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que no entiendo es por qué no tiene hambre si no ha comido nada desde la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern is &quot;lo que (verb) es/son [que]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the function of &quot;lo&quot; in &quot;lo que&quot;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;What is &quot;lo&quot; referring to?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-08T00:19:06.963" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T11:40:42.560" Title="What's the function of &quot;lo&quot; in &quot;lo que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1883" CreationDate="2012-02-27T16:21:29.790" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a &lt;strong&gt;pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;, being used to refer to &lt;em&gt;actions, concepts and ideas&lt;/em&gt;, never for &lt;em&gt;nouns&lt;/em&gt;, which require the use of &lt;em&gt;&quot;El que...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/pronombres_relativos.htm&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; for more examples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que necesitamos es más tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; we need is more time&quot; (Translation might seem clumsy, but it's to allow you to understand); &quot;what&quot; refers to &quot;time&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="76" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T16:21:29.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1889" CreationDate="2012-02-27T16:24:26.610" Score="6" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example in these cases &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; seem to be interchangeable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;muebles de oficina / muebles para oficina &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;juguetes de niños / juguetes para niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other cases where &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can be used in the same manner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:30:36.163" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:30:36.163" Title="In what cases are &quot;de&quot; and &quot;para&quot; interchangeable?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1886" CreationDate="2012-02-27T17:09:43.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE shows this&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;prep. para. Gorro de dormir. Ropa de deporte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the 25th definition of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, so in this case &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;para&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are both interchangeable in cases where you want to indicate ownership or affiliation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T17:19:55.480" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T17:19:55.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1882" CreationDate="2012-02-27T17:23:53.070" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordmagicsoft.com/dictionary/es-en/su%E9teres.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Magic&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/su%C3%A9ter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;suéteres&lt;/code&gt; is the correct word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a word borrowed from English word &lt;code&gt;sweater&lt;/code&gt; and when the noun ends with &lt;code&gt;-r&lt;/code&gt; you must form the plural with &lt;code&gt;-es&lt;/code&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaci%C3%B3n_del_plural_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Formación del plural en español&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivos y adjetivos terminados en -l, -r, -n, -d, -z, -j.&lt;/strong&gt; Si no&#xA;  van precedidas de otra consonante, forman el plural con -es: dócil,&#xA;  pl. dóciles; color, pl. colores; pan, pl. panes; césped, pl. céspedes;&#xA;  cáliz, pl. cálices; reloj, pl. relojes. Los extranjerismos que&#xA;  terminen en estas consonantes deben seguir esta misma regla: píxel,&#xA;  pl. píxeles; máster, pl. másteres; pin, pl. pines; interfaz, pl.&#xA;  interfaces; sij, pl. sijes. Son excepción las palabras esdrújulas, que&#xA;  permanecen invariables en plural: polisíndeton, pl. (los)&#xA;  polisíndeton; trávelin, pl. (los) trávelin; cáterin, pl. (los)&#xA;  cáterin. Excepcionalmente, el plural de hipérbaton es hipérbatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T23:44:38.920" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T23:44:38.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1886" CreationDate="2012-02-27T17:49:48.523" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/de#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;de&quot; has three uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A possessive indicator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;To mean &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;from which&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/attributive_noun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;attributive noun&lt;/a&gt; linker. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first two meanings, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/para#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;para&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (which means &quot;for&quot;) is incompatible with &quot;de.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example as possessive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;○ &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;el carro de Juan&quot; =&gt; &quot;John's car&quot; (&lt;em&gt;A more literal reading might be &lt;code&gt;the car of John&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;el carro para Juan&quot; =&gt; &quot;the car for John&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example as &quot;from&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;from (in terms of &lt;code&gt;location&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;○&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Yo soy de Texas.&quot; =&gt; &quot;I am from Texas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;X&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Yo soy para Texas&quot; =&gt; &quot;I am for Texas&quot; (&lt;em&gt;This sounds weird, but might make sense in some situations.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;from (in terms of &lt;code&gt;which something proceeds out of&lt;/code&gt;)&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;○ &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;una camisa de algodon&quot; =&gt; &quot;a shirt (made out) of cotton&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;X&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;una camisa para algodon&quot; =&gt; &quot;a shirt for cotton&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in the third case the two can be interchanged loosely, and in most cases, the one that you choose to use is based solely upon convention. That said, there is a distinction between the two that should be noted, and in some cases using one or the other will result in a change of meaning. Considering one of your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A) &quot;muebles de (la) oficina&quot; =&gt; &quot;office furniture&quot; or &quot;furniture of the office&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B) &quot;muebles para (la) oficina&quot; =&gt; &quot;furniture for the office&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;A&lt;/code&gt;, the furniture sounds like it is specifically designed for the office, and that it will remain like this (at least) for a while. In contrast, &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; doesn't carry this nuance as strongly. It could be any furniture (like a dinner table) that just happens to have been decided to be used in an office setting. Again, not a big difference, but when clarity or emphasis is needed in these types of cases, &quot;de&quot; would be preferred over &quot;para&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T20:10:05.227" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T20:10:05.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1922" CreationDate="2012-02-27T21:35:39.350" Score="10" ViewCount="6486" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of the Mexican expression &quot;se te va el avión&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo dije tres veces y de todos modos no lo hiciste. A ti ya &lt;strong&gt;se te va el avión&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No te acordaste de tu cumpleaños? La verdad es que a ti ya &lt;strong&gt;se te va el avión&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does it mean?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does it have to do with &quot;avión&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:04:15.270" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:04:15.270" Title="What's the meaning of the Mexican expression &quot;se te va el avión&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2012-02-27T21:43:40.773" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a way to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're running out of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Avión&lt;/code&gt; is used as much as &lt;code&gt;train&lt;/code&gt;, just because those are transports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="565" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T23:12:50.070" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T23:12:50.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1894" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:15:15.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se denomina gramática al conjunto de reglas y principios que gobiernan el uso de una lengua concreta determinada. Este conjunto de reglas puede generar muchas dudas tanto en aquellas personas que están aprendiendo el idioma, como en aquellas que se consideran expertas. Las preguntas etiquetadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/gram%c3%a1tica&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;gram&amp;#225;tica&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;gram&amp;#225;tica&lt;/a&gt; deben tener como principal duda el uso y la aplicación de dicho conjunto de reglas y principios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In linguistics, grammar is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. This set of rules may be the cause of many doubts in those learning the language, or even in those considered experts. Questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/gram%c3%a1tica&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;gram&amp;#225;tica&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;gram&amp;#225;tica&lt;/a&gt; must be about how to use or apply the Spanish grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions tagged with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/gram%c3%a1tica&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;gram&amp;#225;tica&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;gram&amp;#225;tica&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/44/12637&quot;&gt;Why is &quot;agua&quot; masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? &quot;El agua&quot; / &quot;Las aguas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/328/12637&quot;&gt;Significance of adjective placement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/694/12637&quot;&gt;Is &quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot; or &quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot; preferred?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T11:04:41.790" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T11:04:41.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1895" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:15:15.040" Score="0" Body="Conjunto de reglas que rigen la creación de frases en un lenguaje. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Set of structural rules that govern the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:42:55.573" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:42:55.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1896" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:16:44.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of speech that changes the meaning of verbs or any part of speech other than nouns. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, clauses, sentences, and other adverbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:07:33.020" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:07:33.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1897" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:16:44.180" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre adverbios: cómo usarlos, qué características tienen... // Part of speech that changes the meaning of verbs or any part of speech other than nouns. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, clauses, sentences, and other adverbs." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-03-31T09:42:23.920" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T09:42:23.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1898" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:22:08.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concepto gramatical para indicar lo que presenta más de un aspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plurality or plural is a concept of quantity representing a value of more-than-one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:06:39.663" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:06:39.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1899" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:22:08.090" Score="0" Body="Concepto gramatical para indicar lo que presenta más de un aspecto. // Plurality or plural is a concept of quantity representing a value of more-than-one." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:06:39.663" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:06:39.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1900" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:23:26.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Signos de puntuación que indican la estructura y organización del lenguaje escrito, así como la entonación y pausas a realizar cuando se lee en voz alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Punctuation marks are symbols that indicate the structure and organization of written language, as well as intonation and pauses to be observed when reading aloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:05:44.563" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:05:44.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1901" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:23:26.887" Score="0" Body="Signos de puntuación que indican la estructura y organización del lenguaje escrito, así como la entonación y pausas a realizar cuando se lee en voz alta //&#xD;&#xA;Punctuation marks are symbols that indicate the structure and organization of written language, as well as intonation and pauses to be observed when reading aloud." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T06:10:43.810" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T06:10:43.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1902" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:24:18.260" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T23:24:18.260" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T23:24:18.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1903" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:24:18.260" Score="0" Body="Noun is a member of a large, open lexical category whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T01:51:31.247" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T01:51:31.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1904" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:28:23.370" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T23:28:23.370" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T23:28:23.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1905" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:28:23.370" Score="0" Body="Questions about the meaning and interpretations of the lyrics of a song written in Spanish.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca del significado e interpretación de las letras de una canción en español." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T09:57:32.083" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:57:32.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1906" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:32:50.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Royal_Spanish_Academy.svg/160px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Royal_Spanish_Academy.svg.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is based in Madrid, Spain, but is affiliated with national language academies in twenty-one other hispanophone (Spanish-speaking) nations through the Association of Spanish Language Academies. The RAE's emblem is a fiery crucible, and its motto is &quot;Limpia, fija y da esplendor&quot; (&quot;[It] cleans, sets, and casts splendour&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE is a major publisher of dictionaries and grammars, and has a formal procedure for admitting words to its publications. Its website includes an online dictionary and other resources, all in Spanish. Its most famous publication is the Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española (Dictionary of the Spanish Language of the Royal Spanish Academy), the &quot;DRAE&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T09:42:49.217" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T08:32:20.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1907" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:32:50.807" Score="0" Body="Real Academia Española, Institución responsable de regular el español. // Official royal institution responsible for regulating the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:11:05.670" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:11:05.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1908" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:35:58.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A syllable is typically made up of a syllable nucleus (most often a vowel) with optional initial and final margins (typically, consonants).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the word water is composed of two syllables: wa and ter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T08:32:26.120" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T08:32:26.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1909" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:35:58.713" Score="0" Body="A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T01:52:02.307" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T01:52:02.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1910" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:39:39.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, is produced, edited, and published by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; (RAE – Royal Spanish Academy). The first edition was published in 1780 and is known as the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;. The current version is the twenty-third edition, published in 2014, available online through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's web page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T11:21:20.727" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:21:20.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1911" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:39:39.583" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el Diccionario de la lengua española de la RAE (oficialmente DLE, también conocido como DRAE), la obra sobre el idioma español más autoritaria // Questions about RAE's Diccionario de la lengua española (officially DLE and also known as DRAE), the most authoritative dictionary of the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T11:21:20.727" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:21:20.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1912" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:43:07.143" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-02-27T23:43:07.143" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T23:43:07.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1913" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-27T23:43:07.143" Score="0" Body="A diphthong, also known as a gliding vowel, refers to two adjacent vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable." OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T01:50:55.037" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T01:50:55.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1915" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1923" CreationDate="2012-02-28T00:09:50.217" Score="14" ViewCount="5922" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I'm chasing my baby around the room, I frequently tell him, &quot;I'm gonna get you!&quot; and catch him and tickle him.  Is there a similar expression in Spanish?  I'd love to find something that can be used everywhere, but regional answers are appreciated as well.  It should express that we're playing, not that I'm going to get him because he's in trouble or anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:10:22.467" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:10:22.467" Title="How do you say &quot;I'm gonna get you!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1915" CreationDate="2012-02-28T00:18:47.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some neutral expessions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Te atraparé!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Te voy a atrapar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No te me escaparás!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T02:00:52.617" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T02:00:52.617" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="231" CreationDate="2012-02-28T04:17:41.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a simple summary, both express agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También expresses agreement with a positive sentence.&#xA;Tampoco expresses agreement with a negative sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo corro mucho.  Yo también.  (I run a lot.  Me too.)&#xA;Yo nunca corro.  Yo tampoco.  (I never run.  Me neither.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T04:17:41.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1915" CreationDate="2012-02-28T07:46:37.163" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use some variant with &lt;code&gt;pillar&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Que te pillo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Te voy a pillar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't know about the neutrality of the verb &amp;quot;pillar&amp;quot; in other countries (I'm from Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would certainly use &lt;code&gt;coger&lt;/code&gt; too, but I know it is not &amp;quot;neutral&amp;quot; in many parts of America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T08:46:52.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-28T14:24:33.420" Score="5" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;What the title says, pretty much. This is for a website with a formal tone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T15:56:48.590" LastActivityDate="2021-03-06T17:08:15.290" Title="In referring to a website's appearance, how would I say Skin or Theme?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-02-28T15:04:16.167" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &quot;&lt;strong&gt;theme&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; what is used is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the use of the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tema&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.mx/ig/directory?type=themes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iGoogle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;&lt;strong&gt;skin&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you can use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;apariencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as suggested by Laura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T21:05:01.437" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:05:01.437" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2012-02-28T15:38:17.607" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, it's a way to say that you're frequently forgetful (as in the plane you were supposed to take left without you because you forgot), therefore it makes sense in context with your example phrases, in both cases &quot;se te va el avión&quot; means colloquially that the person frequently forgets things (something told multiple times, and someone's birthday).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2012-02-28T15:51:59.617" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T15:51:59.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1915" CreationDate="2012-02-28T16:07:01.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'¡Te voy a atrapar!' (prefered)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'¡Te voy a agarrar!'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think 'Te voy a agarrar' makes it sound like he is in trouble, but not so much, you could still use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T16:07:01.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1940" CreationDate="2012-02-29T15:32:09.177" Score="8" ViewCount="2875" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native speaker from Mexico and I just noticed that the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;toalla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; when pronounced sounds as if it has an &quot;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of an &quot;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as if you were pronouncing &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tualla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This also happens with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Oaxaca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; which sounds like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Uaxaca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could it be that when &quot;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are combined the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; sound changes to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see their pronunciation here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/toalla/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;toalla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/oaxaca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Oaxaca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see that some of the examples are pronounced with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and others with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. At least here in Mexico most of the times in daily conversation sounds like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T06:16:36.463" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T06:16:36.463" Title="Why does &quot;toalla&quot; sound like &quot;tualla&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1926" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-29T20:15:25.373" Score="9" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even being a native speaker, I find it hard to know what's the correct way to announce in a sentence a &lt;em&gt;thing&lt;/em&gt; that is a collection of other things, specifically in how to arrange adjectives and associated articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I found myself today saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La colección son los objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see &lt;code&gt;colección&lt;/code&gt; is a singular noun, but I'm saying that it's a collection of a plural amount of items. So, when applying adjectives, verbs or articles, was it ok to say &lt;code&gt;son&lt;/code&gt; or should I say &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I switched to &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; the phrase would then be &lt;code&gt;La colección es los objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/code&gt;, which does not make sense (or sounds awful) in terms of &lt;code&gt;es los objetos&lt;/code&gt;, does not seem to fit as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the correct approach on describing collections of objects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T03:37:13.140" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:37:13.140" Title="Usage of plural in collective objects?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;nombres-colectivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1926" CreationDate="2012-02-29T21:07:50.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La colección comprende los objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It preserves the original idea and it sounds more natural with the added word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="573" LastEditorUserId="573" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T21:14:50.613" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:14:50.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1926" CreationDate="2012-02-29T21:08:47.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La colección es el contenedor que mantiene a los objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El total es la suma de cada uno de los elementos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You follow the same grammar rules even though the noun may be a noun that describes a collection of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you should pay attention to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;total&lt;/strong&gt; de personas es cincuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;) El total de persona es cincuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;) El total de personas son cincuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the noun is singular therefore the use of &amp;quot;El (noun) es...&amp;quot; but the noun &amp;quot;total&amp;quot; is referring to elements therefore the plural &amp;quot;personas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;lote&lt;/strong&gt; de carros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;) Un lote de carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asociación&lt;/strong&gt; de actores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;) Asociación de actor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:33:50.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1926" CreationDate="2012-02-29T21:42:42.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to be sure of who's the subject on the sentence, in this case your subject is &lt;code&gt;La colección&lt;/code&gt; which as you mention is singular, so indeed saying &lt;code&gt;La colección son&lt;/code&gt; would be incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd use one of these myself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La colección es el grupo de objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La colección es el conjunto de objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La colección consta de los objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La colección está compuesta por el conjunto de objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La colección está conformada por el conjunto de objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T21:42:42.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1938" CreationDate="2012-03-01T00:15:12.557" Score="5" ViewCount="1359" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;mortal&lt;/em&gt; mean when used as slang? Does it have a positive or negative connotation towards the thing being described?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:06:08.617" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:06:08.617" Title="Connotations of &quot;mortal&quot; (slang)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1935" CreationDate="2012-03-01T00:21:48.570" Score="4" ViewCount="2773" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, I often use the formula, &quot;&lt;em&gt;If (request), that would be great.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If you could go to the supermarket after work, that would be great.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If it's possible for you to finish that project today, that would be great.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If you could let me know when you land at the airport, that would be great.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be some natural ways to express these sentences in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T10:21:45.077" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T15:02:36.497" Title="Translating &quot;If (request), that would be great.&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1936" CreationDate="2012-03-01T00:25:54.230" Score="2" ViewCount="2079" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;de corto plazo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a corto plazo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;de largo plazo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a largo plazo&lt;/em&gt;), meaning short-term and long-term? In what contexts can each be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T02:09:38.597" Title="What is the difference between &quot;de corto plazo&quot; and &quot;a corto plazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1937" CreationDate="2012-03-01T00:31:26.250" Score="3" ViewCount="20375" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be some natural ways to express being &lt;em&gt;&quot;more than happy&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to do something in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I am more than happy to help you with your homework whenever you need it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I would be more than happy to help you move on Saturday.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'd be more than happy to translate that document for you next week.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T10:21:53.703" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T23:42:25.730" Title="Translation of &quot;I would be more than happy to (do something).&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1931" CreationDate="2012-03-01T00:59:31.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate the expression to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (petición), sería grandioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (petición), sería fantástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T00:59:31.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1931" CreationDate="2012-03-01T01:10:16.173" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good general pattern that you'd probably want to use, might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sería bueno si pudieras &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt;. =&gt; &lt;em&gt;It would be great, if you could &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...where &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt; is the requested &lt;code&gt;action&lt;/code&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;Note: In some cases, the &lt;code&gt;Sería bueno&lt;/code&gt; could come&#xA;after the &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt; clause, but both are equivalent.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sería bueno si pudieras ir a la tienda despues del trabajo. =&gt; &lt;em&gt;If you could go to the supermarket after work, that would be great.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sería bueno si pudieras avisarme cuando llegues al areopuerto. =&gt; &lt;em&gt;If you could let me know when you land at the airport, that would be great.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This pattern can be further generalized by replacing &lt;code&gt;bueno&lt;/code&gt; with any other &lt;code&gt;adjective&lt;/code&gt; that could describe the result (e.g. &lt;code&gt;malo&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bad&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;code&gt;triste&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sad&lt;/em&gt;), etc.) and by making the &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt; clause any action in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/imperfectsubjunctive.html&quot;&gt;imperfect subjunctive&lt;/a&gt;. (See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/siclauses-unlikely.html&quot;&gt;If-Then Clauses in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sería muy triste si ella no quisiera ir contigo. =&gt; &lt;em&gt;It be pretty sad if she didn't want to go with you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T01:10:16.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1932" CreationDate="2012-03-01T02:09:38.597" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;De corto plazo refers to a property of the object it's referring to, for example you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'El proyecto es de corto plazo'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that it is expected to be done in a short period of time, it could be something small, so it's referred as short term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, when you say a corto plazo, what you mean is that you (or someone else does) consider the object it's referring to as short term, for example a goal is a short term achievement for a larger objective. You could say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'Quiero aprender un nuevo idioma. Mi objetivo a corto plazo es aprender a comunicarme de forma básica en el nuevo idioma.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that in the short term, that it what you should be doing, as opposed to in the long term. In the example, the long term objective is being able to speak another language fluently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience (Argentinian), 'a corto plazo' is mostly used, I've never heard of anyone using the phrase 'de corto plazo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T02:09:38.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1933" CreationDate="2012-03-01T02:22:04.557" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;A direct translation of 'i am more than happy' would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'estoy más que feliz'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also suggest using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'estoy encantado/a'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'estaría encantado' (the conditional makes it sound more natural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'me encantaría'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'me gustaría mucho'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'estaría muy feliz&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'estaría más que feliz'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'me agradaría mucho'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Estoy más que feliz de ayudarte con tu tarea cuando lo necesites.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Estaría encantado de ayudarte con la mudanza el sábado'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Me gustaría mucho traducir ese documento para vos la semana que viene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T10:25:51.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1930" CreationDate="2012-03-01T02:32:36.510" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In informal conversation, it's roughly equivalent to 'terrific', as in very good, awesome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'¡El recital estuvo mortal!'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that it was really good, that I enjoyed it very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastEditorUserId="374" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T13:40:33.740" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T13:40:33.740" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1926" CreationDate="2012-03-01T03:32:38.917" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE in the entry for &quot;ser&quot; in the DICCIONARIO PANHISPÁNICO DE DUDAS, when the subject and predicate are nouns that differ in number, it is normal to match the verb ser with the plural element.  There are a few cases when the singular is preferred, such as when the plural element actually refers to a singular concept.  You can see some examples of both in this paragraph from the RAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   DPD entry for Ser, Section 2.1.1.c&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Cuando el sujeto y el atributo son dos sustantivos que difieren en número, lo normal es establecer la concordancia con el elemento plural: «Mi infancia son recuerdos de un patio de Sevilla» (Machado Campos [Esp. 1907-17] 491); «Todo eso son falacias» (Ott Dientes [Ven. 1999]); «La primera causa de regresión de la especie son las alteraciones de su hábitat» (DNavarra [Esp.] 20.5.99). No obstante, en algunos casos es posible establecer la concordancia también en singular, en especial cuando uno de los dos sustantivos tiene significado colectivo, o cuando, siendo un plural morfológico, se refiere a un concepto unitario: «Quienes desarrollaron la cultura de La Venta era gente de habla maya» (Ruz Mayas [Méx. 1981]); «El sueldo es tres mil dólares al mes» (Donoso Elefantes [Chile 1995]); «Las migas ruleras es un postre que se reserva para la cena» (Vergara Comer [Esp. 1981]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the original sentence was correct because the verb ser would normally match with the plural element even if it is in the predicate of the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   La colección son los objetos que el contenedor mantiene.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I first learned this rule when a billboard in Spain saying &quot;El metro no son solo los trenes,&quot; looked wrong to me.  I researched a little, assuming that my Spanish was not as good as the Madrid Metro's advertising group.  Since then, the rule has stuck (in theory at least) and I remember the metro sentence as a reminder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T03:36:19.173" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:36:19.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1925" CreationDate="2012-03-01T06:15:18.773" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a book I have on Spanish phonetics and phonology (&lt;em&gt;Fonética y fonología españolas&lt;/em&gt; by Armin Schwegler and Juergen Kempff), this is classified as &lt;strong&gt;la conversión de hiatos en diptongos (interior de palabras)&lt;/strong&gt;. Some excerpts (note that not all linguistic symbols are exact, emphasis on &lt;strong&gt;toalla&lt;/strong&gt; mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya hemos explicado en el capítulo anterior, en el habla normal (rápida), la vocal [-o] final de palabra se realiza como semivocal [u] cuando entra en contacto con otra vocal (por ej., &lt;em&gt;lo es&lt;/em&gt; = [lues]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este mismo cambio también puede aplicarse en el interior de palabra... Pero allí es menos frecuente que entre palabras, aun cuando la articulación sea rápida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tendencia a la reducción de dos vocales en contacto a una sola sílaba en el habla rápida es tan fuerte que las combinaciones &amp;quot;[e] + vocal acentuada&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;[o] + vocal acentuada&amp;quot; pueden convertirse en diptongos. En el habla informal de algunos hispanohablantes, el grupo vocálico &amp;quot;ea&amp;quot; es realiza a veces como [ia]... De igual modo, &lt;em&gt;peor&lt;/em&gt; se articula [pior], y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;toalla&lt;/em&gt; = ['tua-ja]&lt;/strong&gt;. Obsérvese, sin embargo, que este tipo de cambio articulatorio se produce sólo cuando la &lt;em&gt;segunda&lt;/em&gt; vocal del grupo (y no la primera) es tónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, this is a linguistic phenomenon that occurs in the informal, rapid speech of some Spanish speakers in cases where the vowels &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; followed by a stressed vowel can become diphthongs instead of hiatuses. It is more common at the boundary of words (like &lt;em&gt;lo es&lt;/em&gt;), but can also happen inside a single word (like &lt;em&gt;toalla&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T06:15:18.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1930" CreationDate="2012-03-01T08:46:30.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, and as far as I understand, it has a powerful negative connotation. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La reunión fue mortal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The meeting was awful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, and as it sometimes happens with other words, it may as well be used with exactly the opposite meaning. I haven't ever heard it that way, though. Wheat I have heard, as @Laura points out, is &lt;em&gt;de muerte&lt;/em&gt; meaning &quot;extremely good&quot; or &quot;awesome&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡La comida está de muerte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The food is awesome!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-03-02T14:10:38.407" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T14:10:38.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1947" CreationDate="2012-03-01T09:01:25.897" Score="0" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some lyrics at the end of the live version of Ojos De Brujo's &lt;a href=&quot;http://open.spotify.com/track/2naSnpDK6FPuUIanGJqFMT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Piedras Contra Tanques on Spotify&lt;/a&gt; That I'm having trouble translating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is during the Salsa jam at the end. It's something like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Camino lo, (or it could be Termino Lo)&#xA;Romper cajón,&#xA;*undecipherable*,&#xA;Camino lo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="578" LastEditorUserId="578" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T09:08:16.837" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T11:19:17.997" Title="What are the lyrics at the end of Ojos De Brujo's Piedras Contra Tanques" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-01T10:47:32.213" Score="3" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I ask someone &amp;quot;How difficult was that?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan difícil era?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán difícil era?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto dificultad tenía eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T17:54:57.727" Title="Translation of &quot;How difficult was that&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1943" CreationDate="2012-03-01T13:19:25.000" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To ask about the dificulty you can use any of these forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánta dificultad tuvo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue difícil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo fue de difícil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo de difícil fue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As for the options you suggest:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan difícil era?* (incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question is not gramatically correct to ask about the difficulty (it's more like an exclamation to express that the you don't think that it's as difficult as the other person said). You could say &amp;quot;¿Tan difícil era?&amp;quot; for something like &amp;quot;was it so difficult?&amp;quot;, so it would be used when you already know that it was difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuán difícil era?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's correct, but &amp;quot;Cuán&amp;quot; is not very used nowadays, specially for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=cu%E1n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;questions&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto dificultad tenía eso?* (Incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you were close but &amp;quot;dificultad&amp;quot; is a femenine word so &amp;quot;Cuánto&amp;quot; has to agree with it in gender so it has to be &amp;quot;Cuánta&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T14:00:09.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="352" CreationDate="2012-03-01T13:23:20.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Perú I was taught and learned it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I memorized the key: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;REN(cito)&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; -- Meaning when a word ends in &quot;R&quot;, &quot;E&quot; or &quot;N&quot; append &quot;-cito&quot; (masculine) or &quot;-cita&quot; (feminine). Otherwise, words ending in &quot;O&quot; or &quot;A&quot; likely get &quot;-ito&quot; (masculine), &quot;-ita&quot; (feminine), or seemingly less common &quot;-illo&quot; (masculine) and &quot;-illa&quot; (feminine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, and confirmed by what is practiced here in Hauncayo, Perú we say &lt;strong&gt;Pancito&lt;/strong&gt; to refer to a smaller piece of bread or smaller roll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="580" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T13:23:20.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1943" CreationDate="2012-03-01T13:44:58.817" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan difícil fue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estuvo difícil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T15:11:53.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1942" CreationDate="2012-03-01T16:05:42.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Camínalo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  rompe el cajón,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  saca los cuadros,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  camínalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="581" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-03-02T00:43:22.710" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T00:43:22.710" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1949" CreationDate="2012-03-01T17:30:45.760" Score="5" ViewCount="1134" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I thought I finally had it figured out... I was confronted with the following phrase which obviously must mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I liked the story of your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which  for me logically translates to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me gusta la historia de tu amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But she wrote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historia de tu amigo me gustó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means the subject us &amp;quot;yo&amp;quot; (yo gustó) and the object is &amp;quot;La historia de tu amigo&amp;quot;. Making the translation as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I please the story of your friend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The story of your friend likes me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought after much practise I finally starting to understand the verb &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; by translating it in my hand as &amp;quot;to please&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;to like&amp;quot;, as this verb also has the subject/object role reversed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me gusta &amp;gt; I like... subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me gustas &amp;gt; I liker you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me gustan &amp;gt; I like... subjects (plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;le gusto &amp;gt; he/she likes me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;gusto a la chica &amp;gt; the girl likes me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="582" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-03T14:57:27.903" Title="Gusto variant of the verb gustar" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1948" CreationDate="2012-03-01T17:51:36.327" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;strong&gt;the subject is not placed always in front of the verb&lt;/strong&gt;. So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; la historia de tu amigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historia de tu amigo me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or in the past&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historia de tu amigo me &lt;strong&gt;gustó&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gustó&lt;/strong&gt; la historia de tu amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and in the four sentences the subject of the sentence is &amp;quot;la historia de tu amigo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't get confused with English. &lt;strong&gt;In English the translation doesn't have the same subject as in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like apples --&amp;gt; The Subject is &amp;quot;I&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las manzanas me &lt;strong&gt;gustan&lt;/strong&gt; (a mi) --&amp;gt; The Subject is &amp;quot;las manzanas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a mi) Me &lt;strong&gt;gustan&lt;/strong&gt; las manzanas --&amp;gt; The Subject is &amp;quot;las manzanas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the verb agrees with the subject so if I like only one apple I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; esa manzana --&amp;gt; The Subject is &amp;quot;esa manzana&amp;quot; (is  3rd person singular so the verb is also 3rd person singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say you can use &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;the rule&amp;quot; that gustar is used in a similar way as &amp;quot;to please&amp;quot; in English&lt;/strong&gt; so it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apples pleases me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case the subject is the same in the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-03T14:57:27.903" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12478" CreationDate="2012-03-01T20:49:10.213" Score="36" ViewCount="2360" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I learned that there is at least one Spanish word that can be pronounced but not written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the imperative form of 'salirle'. It is pronounced as 'sal-le' and the written form should be 'salle'. But according to pronunciation rules, that word must be pronounced as 'sá-lle'. So the word can't be written at all (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unaracnidounacamiseta.com/2011/02/10/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;more details here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other words in Spanish that can't be written? Has this phenomena a name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T14:16:58.660" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T22:12:37.480" Title="Are there other words in Spanish that can't be written? (like sal-le)" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1558" CreationDate="2012-03-02T00:40:25.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasará un tiempo hasta que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transcurirrá un tiempo antes que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T00:40:25.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1862" CreationDate="2012-03-02T03:17:51.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está claro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Queda claro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien? (meaning: Do you get what I'm saying so far?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so the other person feels more willing to say something, without feeling like he is being doubted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T20:57:40.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-04T01:16:16.453" Score="7" ViewCount="1239" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when you want to refer to a specific decade you simply pluralize the year:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the nineteen-sixties (written 1960's) OR the nineteen-tens (written 1910's)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Granted, referring to the first decade of a century is sometimes difficult this way. The nineteen-hundreds (1900's) is usually taken to mean 1900-1999 and not 1900-1909, but that's a separate question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you refer to a specific decade in Spanish? I would predict 'La década de mil-novecientos-sesenta', but I'm probably wrong. Also, how is this abbreviated in numerical written form, like 'the 1960's'? Are there any slang terms that would be the equivalent of saying 'the sixties' or 'the eighties' in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T10:07:32.230" Title="How to refer to a specific decade in Spanish? eg. the 1960's" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1954" CreationDate="2012-03-04T01:30:38.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it seems that the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=d%C3%A9cada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; says that the fomulation with an &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; (1920s) is outright incorrect in Spanish, and that it shoulnd't be used only because it is used in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It explains that when you refer to a decade in Spanish you are explicitly referring to all 10 years 1920-1929 inclusive as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They say that you should say it in the following manner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For 1960:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la década de los sesenta del siglo XX [...]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En los años sesenta del último siglo [...]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't know it wasn't allowed to use the formulation 1920's or 1920s. Although in many hispanic countries it is widely understood because of its use in English. So you are probably safe using it with the apostrophe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the orignial text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; década. 1. Los términos década y decenio significan, ambos,&#xA;  ‘período de diez años consecutivos’; pero mientras que decenio se usa&#xA;  para designar el período de diez años comprendido entre dos años&#xA;  cualesquiera, década designa en especial el período de diez años&#xA;  referido a cada una de las decenas del siglo (años diez, veinte,&#xA;  treinta, etc.). Es muy frecuente expresar los decenios tomando como&#xA;  límites años que terminan en la misma cifra: «El fecundo decenio&#xA;  andaluz (1578-1588) se interrumpió cuando [...] tuvo que trasladarse a&#xA;  Segovia» (Abc [Esp.] 13.12.91); pero hay que saber que esta costumbre&#xA;  implica una inexactitud, ya que esos límites comprenden, en realidad,&#xA;  once años y no diez, pues en el cómputo se incluye tanto el primer año&#xA;  como el último. Se recomienda mayor precisión en la indicación de los&#xA;  decenios, como se ejemplifica a continuación: «El carácter brillante y&#xA;  apolíneo del decenio operístico, 1775-1784, del compositor» (País&#xA;  [Esp.] 1.12.87). &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&#xA;  2. En cuanto a las diez décadas de cada siglo, cada una de ellas comienza en un año acabado en 1 y termina en un año acabado en 0; así,&#xA;  la primera década del siglo xx es la que va de 1901 a 1910; la&#xA;  segunda, de 1911 a 1920; la tercera, de 1921 a 1930, etc. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Es habitual utilizar expresiones como los años veinte, la década&#xA;  de los treinta, los cuarenta, etc., referidas a los decenios que&#xA;  comprenden los años de cada siglo que tienen la misma cifra en su&#xA;  decena; así, la expresión los años veinte alude conjuntamente a los&#xA;  años comprendidos entre 1920 y 1929, ambos inclusive. En estos casos,&#xA;  se desaconseja poner en plural el cardinal referido a la decena: Marca&#xA;  de incorrección.«A través de los veintes y de los treintas, muchos&#xA;  poetas de talento [...] trabajaban en otros estilos» (Hora [Guat.]&#xA;  14.7.97). Tampoco deben usarse fórmulas como Marca de incorrección.los 20s o Marca de incorrección.los 20’s, copiadas del inglés. En el&#xA;  español de América, en la construcción la década de..., aparece a&#xA;  veces en singular el artículo que acompaña al cardinal: la década del&#xA;  treinta, en lugar de la década de los treinta, construcción esta&#xA;  última más habitual y recomendable.  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2012-03-04T01:30:38.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1078" CreationDate="2012-03-04T03:55:58.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the example in the question are impersonal se and not reflexive se, they do follow many of the same rules.  The meanings are completely different, but look at these  examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is spoken. Se habla español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish speaks itself. Se habla español.  (Español se habla.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word order could go either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cars are sold. Se venden coches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cars sell themselves. Se venden coches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While they have completely different meanings, if you're trying to formulate an impersonal construction, it can be helpful for the verb agreement and structure to think of it (loosely) as a reflexive sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From textbook rules, the impersonal se uses the same placement as the reflexive se.&#xA;Se me rompió el brazo. My arm was broken.&#xA;Impersonal se followed by indirect object pronoun.&#xA;Once again, I find it helpful to form this sentence in my head as &amp;quot;The arm broke itself to me.&amp;quot;   It helps me to structure the sentence correctly even if this isn't actually reflexive.&#xA;An example of the same pronoun  order with reflexive se:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se los pone. He puts them on.&#xA;Reflexive se followed by direct object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for what I've heard and read but not seen rules for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede tocarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impersonal se is split from the direct object los.&#xA;I've never seen this done with a reflexive se that I can recall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please correct anything that I've missed or misstated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-04T16:40:39.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1957" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1959" CreationDate="2012-03-04T18:36:49.833" Score="5" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I say &quot;How far back do they want me to go?&quot;  The context of the question is that I was filling out an application where they wanted my work history.  I was attempting to ask the person helping me &quot;How far back do they want me to go in my work history?&quot;.  The best I could come up with was &quot;Que tan lejos para atras quieren que voy con mi historia de trabajo&quot;.  He understood what I meant but I am certain this was nothing close to correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-05T13:02:21.193" LastActivityDate="2012-03-05T13:02:21.193" Title="Translation of &quot;How far back?&quot; in the context of time" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1957" CreationDate="2012-03-04T18:59:07.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the most usual translation is &lt;em&gt;hasta cuándo quieres que llegue&lt;/em&gt;; for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How far back do you want me to go filling out the form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta cuándo quieres que llegue rellenando el formulario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-03-04T18:59:07.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1957" CreationDate="2012-03-04T18:59:44.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say something like this (I'm using third person singular because I suppose it is in a very formal environment so I would use &quot;Usted&quot; as subject):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to detail it from the past to the present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Desde cuándo quiere que detalle mi actividad laboral?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to detail it from the present to the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta cuándo quiere que detalle mi actividad laboral?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-03-04T18:59:44.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-04T21:54:44.200" Score="17" ViewCount="18918" Body="&lt;p&gt;My teacher told me that different religions tend to use different words for &lt;code&gt;&quot;to pray&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, usually choosing between &lt;code&gt;rezar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;orar&lt;/code&gt;. Which words are preferred by what religions &amp;amp; in which areas? Are there any other subtle differences between the two? Are there any other ways to express &lt;code&gt;&quot;to pray&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, perhaps in a religion neutral way, as to avoid offending anyone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:30:19.503" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T11:49:06.510" Title="What's the difference between rezar and orar? Are there any other ways to say 'to pray'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1960" CreationDate="2012-03-05T15:02:13.797" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually both words are used as synonyms, but as you mention it depends on the religion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico where most people are Roman Catholics both words tend to be used interchangeably, however, non-Catholic Christians tend to make a distinction, using &lt;code&gt;Rezar&lt;/code&gt; for &quot;reciting&quot; (usually like reading parts of the Bible or reciting a memorized prayer like the &lt;code&gt;Padre Nuestro&lt;/code&gt;), while &lt;code&gt;Orar&lt;/code&gt; is usually used for kind of a &quot;free-style&quot; praying (either verbally or mentally, &quot;speaking&quot; with God with the praying person's own words and feelings if you will). While not very common, I've seen verbs like &lt;code&gt;pedir&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;rogar&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;suplicar&lt;/code&gt; to be used when refering to &lt;code&gt;orar&lt;/code&gt;'s begging/asking sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, as a native Spanish speaker, I think &lt;code&gt;orar&lt;/code&gt; is the most neutral of the 2 (due to it's free-style kind of sense), but I guess it depends a lot on the culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-03-05T15:02:13.797" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1962" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1963" CreationDate="2012-03-05T22:16:24.253" Score="2" ViewCount="1830" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/servant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, the English &quot;servant&quot; has two meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One who serves another, providing help in some manner.&#xA;(e.g. &lt;em&gt;She is quite the humble servant, the poor in this city owe much to her but she expects nothing.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One who is hired to perform regular household or other duties, and receives compensation. As opposed to a slave. (e.g. &lt;em&gt;There are three servants in the household, the butler and two maids.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, I have heard several different words for &quot;servant&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sirviente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;criado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;siervo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;servidor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between these words? Which ones can be used to translate which of the English meanings? Do some have more positive or negative connotations than others? Which is most common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:35:13.503" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:35:13.503" Title="Different words for &quot;servant&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1962" CreationDate="2012-03-06T00:20:12.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For #2, these words should be equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ama/o de llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mayordomo (mostly used in the masculine form) (thanks, Javi)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empleada/o del servicio (at least in Colombia, this is the most common on this context)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Criada/o (I've heard this one in Mexico)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agregado/a (In Colombia is used to refer to people you employ at a farm to cultivate the land, perform maintenance, etc.) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For #1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Servidor&lt;/code&gt; should be fine: Él es un humilde servidor, ayuda a todo el mundo con desinterés&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;code&gt;Sirviente, Lacayo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Peón&lt;/code&gt;, which could be used in the context of #1, have bad connotation; they are offensive and shouldn't be used unless you want to offend someone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T11:51:44.730" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T11:51:44.730" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1974" CreationDate="2012-03-06T17:57:18.173" Score="2" ViewCount="3007" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por medio de&lt;/em&gt; can often be used to mean the same thing. What is the difference between them, and in what contexts can you only use one or the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T08:41:34.253" Title="What is the difference between &quot;por medio de&quot; and &quot;a través de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1967" CreationDate="2012-03-06T18:07:07.257" Score="2" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural way in Spanish to talk about someone's first time doing something? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is my first time eating sushi.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That was the first time she's ever gone camping.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Was that your first time in California?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the literal translation from English correct, or is there a better way to express this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T08:24:43.267" Title="Translation of &quot;first time doing something&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1965" CreationDate="2012-03-06T18:14:49.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation is perfectly fine: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esta es mi primera vez comiendo sushi &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa había sido la primera vez que ella había ido de camping &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Fue esa tu primera vez en California?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T18:25:12.273" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T18:25:12.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1965" CreationDate="2012-03-06T19:22:32.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we would use &lt;em&gt;es la primera vez que&lt;/em&gt;, avoiding the possessive. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is my first time eating sushi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es la primera vez que como sushi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage of the possessive (such as in &quot;es mi primera vez...&quot;) sounds awkward, and is probably an anglicism. Also, gerunds such as &quot;eating&quot; get usually translated as &quot;que&quot; + inflected verb; keeping the gerund &quot;comiendo&quot; sounds similarly awkward and foreign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T19:31:54.763" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T19:31:54.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1790" CreationDate="2012-03-07T03:18:21.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find it is helpful to remember the etymology of estar when talking about location.&#xA;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/estar#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/estar#Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      From Latin stāre (“stand”), &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes cases like, &quot;El banco está al norte,&quot; or &quot;San Diego está en California,&quot; make sense.  The bank is likely in a permanent location, and San Diego is certainly not moving anywhere.  This makes the normal temporary/permanent question useless for these types of sentences, but if you think that the bank or city is standing in a location, then the use of estar makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless, of course, you are talking about an event which &quot;takes place&quot; in a certain location.  Then it would be ser as other posters have explained quite well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T03:18:21.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1972" CreationDate="2012-03-07T03:31:51.170" Score="22" ViewCount="98994" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some common ways of saying a shot of liquor?  This can be referring to a small, usually 1 to 2 ounce drink taken all at once  or can be a measure of liquor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;I ordered a round of shots for the table.&#xA;We took a shot of whiskey.&#xA;There are 2 shots of vodka in the drink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would you translate &quot;shot glass&quot;?  Wordreference.com translates this as &quot;copita&quot;, but I'd like to get some opinions from the real world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-08T18:17:12.463" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T09:24:20.783" Title="How do you say a &quot;shot&quot; referring to alcohol?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2012-03-07T04:23:09.950" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile it's said &lt;em&gt;Corto&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cortito&lt;/em&gt;, when talking about tequila:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un corto de tequila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you say &quot;shot&quot; it is also understood (more used when talking about vodka):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos tomamos unos shots de vodka&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;shot glass&quot; is also called &lt;em&gt;corto&lt;/em&gt;, or more verbosely: &lt;em&gt;vaso de cortos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T04:23:09.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2012-03-07T04:53:40.153" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, we always said... (drum roll)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;shot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same for shots of espresso, or flavor shots in a Starbucks latte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T04:53:40.153" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2012-03-07T06:39:31.620" Score="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, or at least in parts of it, those small doses of liquor are called &lt;em&gt;chupito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And the glass, either &lt;em&gt;chupito&lt;/em&gt; too, or &lt;em&gt;vaso de chupito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T06:39:31.620" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1964" CreationDate="2012-03-07T14:17:18.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's little (if any) semantic difference between these two constructs, as they both can express &lt;strong&gt;mode&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hicieron el pago a través de transferencia bancaria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Hicieron el pago por medio de transferencia bancaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;strong&gt;place&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se hizo paso a través del paseo marítimo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Se hizo paso por medio del paseo marítimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in the first pair of examples, &lt;em&gt;por medio&lt;/em&gt; sounds awkwardly more formal than &lt;em&gt;a través&lt;/em&gt;, and in the second one, rather uncultured (if that's the right word in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are cases in which &lt;em&gt;por medio&lt;/em&gt; sounds just as acceptable as other options, but as a rule of thumb, always prefer &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-22T08:41:34.253" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T08:41:34.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1460" CreationDate="2012-03-07T14:18:53.843" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cascada&lt;/code&gt; is the prefered form in Spain, and &lt;code&gt;catarata&lt;/code&gt;, the one in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T13:26:44.550" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T13:26:44.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2012-03-08T00:34:21.000" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Shot glass&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, at least the tall narrow kind of shot glasses we use for drinking tequila are called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tequila#Tequila_glasses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caballitos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;little horses&quot;, &quot;horsies&quot;, or &quot;ponies&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-28T14:09:20.213" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T14:09:20.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1978" CreationDate="2012-03-08T15:07:56.540" Score="21" ViewCount="5327" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UxkB7hL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; redirects the definition of &lt;em&gt;quizás&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, but I wonder if there's any implicit, secret rule that I am not aware of as to whether &lt;em&gt;quizás&lt;/em&gt; is preferred over &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen both forms used almost indistinguishably even in the same text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's your take on this? Would you use both words in the same text? Do you have a rule to choose one or the other, depending on the word following it, for example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T17:45:49.380" LastActivityDate="2019-08-21T16:51:42.357" Title="Quizás or quizá, which one is preferred?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1977" CreationDate="2012-03-08T15:36:33.520" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are exactly the same, as the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; says &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=quiz%C3%A1&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quizá&lt;/strong&gt;. Adverbio que expresa duda o probabilidad: &lt;em&gt;«Neruda es un gran&#xA;  poeta. Quizá el más grande de todos los poetas»&lt;/em&gt; (Skármeta &lt;em&gt;Cartero&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [Chile 1986]). &lt;strong&gt;Por analogía con otros adverbios acabados en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, se&#xA;  creó la forma &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quizás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, igualmente válida: &lt;em&gt;«Quizás Casiana tenga razón»&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Parrado &lt;em&gt;1905&lt;/em&gt; [Cuba 1984]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the original one was &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;quizá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;quizás&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; was created because other adverbs also ended in &quot;s&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use both forms (I'm not sure if I tend to use one more than the other). But the &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=quiz%C3%A1s,quiz%C3%A1,Quiz%C3%A1s,Quiz%C3%A1&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngram Viewer of Google&lt;/a&gt; says that &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;quizá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is more used though in the past the difference was much bigger than nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4sj7R.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-23T16:08:15.140" LastActivityDate="2019-02-23T16:08:15.140" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1977" CreationDate="2012-03-08T15:38:31.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's any difference. Or at least I'm not aware of it. As you say, they are used indistinctively. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=quiz%C3%A1&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD also says they are equivalent&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tend to use &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, buy it's just a matter of preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe, if the following word starts with an &quot;s&quot; I would avoid using &lt;em&gt;quizás&lt;/em&gt;, so it's easier to pronounce, but there's no explicit or implicit rule about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-02-23T10:00:34.650" LastActivityDate="2019-02-23T10:00:34.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1984" CreationDate="2012-03-09T00:10:19.887" Score="6" ViewCount="605" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that they both mean to &quot;require.&quot; But do they refer to different &quot;degrees&quot; (urgencies) or types of requirments?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can they be used interchangeably or is one more suitable in some contexts and the other more suitable in other contexts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:31:32.603" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:31:32.603" Title="What is the difference between requerir and exigir?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1981" PostTypeId="7" CreationDate="2012-03-09T06:12:13.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish Language and Usage - Stack Exchange is for linguists, etymologists, and (serious) Spanish-language enthusiasts. Questions on the following topics are welcome here:&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Linguistics (phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Orthography (spelling, punctuation, hyphenation, capitalization)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Etymology (history of words’ development)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Dialect differences&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Usage, word choice, grammar, and pronunciation&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Problems encountered by people learning Spanish&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;But please, don’t ask any questions about these topics. They are out of scope for this site.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Please proofread my document (&quot;are there any mistakes in this text?&quot;)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Languages other than Spanish (including translation)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;How to improve my Spanish&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Criticism, discussion, and analysis of Spanish literature&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Peeving about grammar disguised as a question&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&quot;Explain this joke to me&quot;, except in the case where the crux of the joke relies on an aspect of Spanish covered by one of the welcomed topics above&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&quot;List&quot; questions, where every answer is equally valid&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Questions of culture that don't directly relate to the Spanish language&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Should I post in Spanish or English?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Spanish is preferred, although both languages are accepted. If you are learning Spanish, we suggest that you learn by doing, and ask in Spanish, but there is no obligation. Posts made in English will likely be translated to Spanish for you. When answering a question, we encourage you to answer in the language of the question, if you are able. Don't worry about making a few mistakes, other community members can help with corrections if you are not as strong in that language.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;All tags should be in Spanish, except when there is no Spanish equivalent for a concept, then English is accepted.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A living community&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;This site, and by extension, this FAQ, is a work-in-progress, and is likely to change over time. If you feel that some guideline mentioned here needs revisiting, or that some topic ought to be covered, please participate in the Meta site, and ask a question about your area of concern. This FAQ is intended to represent the opinions of an active community, not an arbitrary list of rules that are set in stone. As the community grows and changes, these guidelines ought to change to reflect the needs and desires of the community--&lt;i&gt;and that includes you!&lt;/i&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Qué tipo de preguntas puedo hacer aquí?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Spanish Language and Usage - Stack Exchange es para lingüistas, etimologistas y entusiastas (serios) del idioma español. Las preguntas sobre los siguientes asuntos son bienvenidas:&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Lingüística (fonética, fonología, morfología, sintaxis, semántica, pragmática)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Ortografía (acentos, puntuación, guiones, mayúsculas)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Etimología (historia del desarrollo de las palabras)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Diferencias dialécticas&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Usos, elección de palabras, gramática y pronunciación&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Problemas encontrados por la gente que está aprendiendo español&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Pero por favor, no preguntes sobre los siguientes asuntos. Están fuera del ámbito de este sitio.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Por favor, corrige mi documento (&quot;¿hay algún error en este texto?&quot;)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Otros idiomas diferentes del español (incluyendo traducciones)&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Como mejorar mi español&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Crítica, discusión o análisis de literatura española&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Quejas sobre la gramática disfrazadas de preguntas&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&quot;Explicadme este chiste&quot;, excepto en el caso donde el punto esencial del chiste se basa en un aspecto del español cubierto en uno de los asuntos válidos indicados anteriormente.&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Preguntas sobre &quot;listas&quot;, donde cada respuesta es igualmente válida&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Preguntas sobre la cultura que no se relacionan directamente con el idioma español&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Debería escribir en español o en inglés?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Se prefiere el español, pero los dos idiomas son aceptados. Si estás aprendiendo español, te sugerimos que practiques y preguntes en español, que no es obligatorio. Los mensajes en inglés puede ser traducidos al español. Cuando respondas a una pregunta, te animamos a que respondas en el idioma de la pregunta, si eres capaz. No te preocupes si cometes algunos pequeños errores, otros miembros de la comunidad te pueden ayudar con correcciones si no dominas tanto ese idioma.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Todos los 'tags' deben estar en español, excepto cuando no hay un equivalente en español para ese concepto, entonces el inglés es aceptable.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Una comunidad viva&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Este sitio, y por extensión, este FAQ, está en desarrollo contínuo y es probable que cambie con el tiempo. Si crees que alguna directriz mencionada aquí necesita revisión, o que algún asunto debería ser tratado, por favor participa en el sitio Meta, y haz una pregunta sobre lo que te preocupe. Este FAQ pretende representar las opiniones de una comunidad activa, no una lista arbitraria de reglas escritas en piedra. Según esta comunidad vaya creciendo y cambiando, estas directrices deberían cambiar para reflejar las necesidades y deseos de la comunidad - &lt;i&gt;¡y eso te incluye a ti!&lt;/i&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-08T22:42:12.237" LastActivityDate="2013-03-08T22:42:12.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1965" CreationDate="2012-03-09T08:24:43.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain literal translation would sound a little odd, not seemed as a native from Spain in most places, and you could be  misunderstood if you said: ¿Fue esa tu primera vez en California? Someone could understand that was not your first time in California, but the first time you did something in California. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the best in Spain: Es la primera vez que como sushi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="594" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T08:24:43.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1980" CreationDate="2012-03-09T14:30:21.813" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right both mean mean to require in a certain way, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=requerir&quot;&gt;acording to RAE&lt;/a&gt; one of the meanings of &lt;code&gt;requerir&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;necesitar&lt;/code&gt; (to need), the way I've seen it being used is when asking for something or stating a need, but in a way like &quot;requesting&quot;, while &lt;code&gt;exigir&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=exigir&quot;&gt;according to RAE&lt;/a&gt;) is more &quot;urgent&quot; or &quot;strong&quot; if you will, like demanding/commanding or giving an order. Sometimes both can be used in the same context, but you could say &lt;code&gt;requerir&lt;/code&gt; is softer/more polite (and if it's to used in casual conversation, should be preferred if you're not too familiar with the other person) so you should use it in situations where you are requesting, while &lt;code&gt;exigir&lt;/code&gt; should be used when you're demanding something (often with a certain authoritarian sense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T14:30:21.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1980" CreationDate="2012-03-09T14:39:21.007" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Requerir&lt;/code&gt; is used more on an context where the subjects wants or needs something but is not neccesaraly mandatory.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Exigir&lt;/code&gt; is most likely used when the subject demands something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Requiero unas vacaciones: I need some vacations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exijo una explicación: I demand an explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-03-09T17:01:54.637" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T17:01:54.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1986" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1987" CreationDate="2012-03-09T17:33:01.807" Score="1" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need a Spanish word list, as simple as that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The more complete it is, the better, it should contain as many words as to be a statistically relevant sample.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It can be in any format, xml, excel, txt, etc...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;a&#xA;al&#xA;ala&#xA;alambre&#xA;...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Doesn't need to be in any specific order)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I can import it into a database and make some statistical analysis about letter and syllable frequency and in what combinations do they appear, where in the word, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito una lista de palabras del español. Cuanto más completa, mejor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Debería contener una cantidad de palabras como para tener una muestra estadísticamente relevante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Puede estar en cualquier formato, xml, excel, txt, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;a&#xA;al&#xA;ala&#xA;alambre&#xA;...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(No tiene que estar en ningún orden específico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La necesito para importarla en una base de datos y luego poder hacer análisis estadísticos sobre la frecuencia de letras y sílabas, y la incidencia de sus combinaciones, en qué parte de la palabra aparecen, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="169" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T08:51:03.000" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T08:51:03.000" Title="Spanish word list for statistical analysis" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ClosedDate="2012-03-09T21:17:27.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2012-03-09T20:21:27.700" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Couldn't you make use of the words that come in Spanish dictionaries for Firefox, for example? I have 2 Spanish dictionaries installed (Argentina, Spain) and they have 72886 and 54875 words respectively. You can easily import them into a database table. They are plain text files separated by EOL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;ix=sea&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;ion=1#q=how%20many%20words%20are%20there%20in%20the%20spanish%20language&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;prmd=imvns&amp;amp;ei=6mdaT4DvDefV0QH3h9HlDA&amp;amp;start=10&amp;amp;sa=N&amp;amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&amp;amp;fp=d54c0545889e0871&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=939&amp;amp;ix=sea&amp;amp;ion=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;just read&lt;/a&gt; that the Spanish language has about 100K words; therefore, the 73K words in the Argentinian dictionary for Firefox should be a good start for your analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T08:46:37.677" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T08:46:37.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1990" CreationDate="2012-03-10T19:21:14.927" Score="5" ViewCount="786" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0OkymBIYs0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;song&lt;/a&gt;. The word is translated by online lyrics, RAE and wordreference.com as &lt;em&gt;molasses&lt;/em&gt;. But it doesn't make sense to me in the context.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Somos la melaza que ríe&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Somos la melaza que llora&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Somos la melaza que ama  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested tag: metaphor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:25:09.730" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;melaza&quot; in the song &quot;Caras Lindas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2012-03-10T23:28:05.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can treat it as sweet mix or &lt;code&gt;dulce mezcla&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:25:09.730" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:25:09.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2012-03-11T01:35:09.087" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Melaza is a byproduct of the production of sugar and panela (a.k.a piloncillo) and it's dark brown and very sweet. The song you mention is really called &quot;Las caras lindas&quot; and it's interpreted by the great Ismael Rivera (himself an afro-descendant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The song talks about how beautiful black people are, how loving, etc. I think using melaza as a metaphor of black people makes a lot of sense. Melaza is the same color as afro-descendant people and it's also well known that Africans were brought to America to work on sugar cane plantations, in Cuba, Colombia and I am sure other countries, it's still a job usually performed by Afro-descendants. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, &quot;la melaza&quot; is referring to black people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-03-11T01:43:08.373" LastActivityDate="2012-03-11T01:43:08.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1992" CreationDate="2012-03-11T15:46:13.803" Score="10" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the word &lt;em&gt;aburrir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;get bored&lt;/em&gt;) etymologically related to the word &lt;em&gt;burro&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;donkey&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They seem to share a common root (&lt;em&gt;burr&lt;/em&gt;). Plus, there is a Spanish saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo los burros se aburren&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="400" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-06T08:45:47.537" LastActivityDate="2020-04-06T08:45:47.537" Title="Are &quot;burro&quot; and &quot;aburrir&quot; related?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1991" CreationDate="2012-03-11T16:17:14.613" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, &lt;em&gt;aburrir&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Latin &lt;em&gt;abhorrere&lt;/em&gt;, related with the English word &lt;em&gt;abhor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Burro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;borrico&lt;/em&gt; comes also from the Latin, but from a different root, &lt;em&gt;burricus&lt;/em&gt; (caballejo).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0ESK81y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aburrir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. abhorrēre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&amp;amp;search=abhor&amp;amp;searchmode=none&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abhor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mid-15c., from Latin abhorrere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5w8qGIh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;borrico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío burrīcus 'caballo pequeño'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-06T08:44:56.190" LastActivityDate="2020-04-06T08:44:56.190" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-03-15T17:41:18.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1993" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-11T21:15:52.717" Score="10" ViewCount="641" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many dictionaries that I have looked at online seem to use &lt;code&gt;enchufe&lt;/code&gt; as a word that is interchangeable for the English words &lt;code&gt;plug&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;socket&lt;/code&gt;, which are two related, but distinct objects.  Some dictionaries list &lt;code&gt;toma de corriente&lt;/code&gt; as an alternative, but my personal experience has simply been &lt;code&gt;enchufe&lt;/code&gt;.  Am I wrong?  In which contexts would I use &lt;code&gt;enchufe&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;toma de corriente&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="595" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T14:27:28.397" Title="Plug vs Socket: Interchangeable?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1993" CreationDate="2012-03-12T02:58:14.167" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Toma de corriente (or &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=tomacorriente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tomacorriente&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1L27d.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enchufe: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RknHm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say they are interchangeable at all. They are clearly different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Javi and Dusan have said, enchufe is used sometimes to refer to a tomacorriente. I've definitely heard people using it in the way Juanillo mentions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde hay un enchufe para conectar el portátil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=enchufe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; has this definition for enchufe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dispositivo formado por dos piezas que se encajan una en otra cuando se quiere establecer una conexión eléctrica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That definition seems to indicate that an &lt;code&gt;enchufe&lt;/code&gt; is really formed by both devices, the plug and the socket; but again, enchufe is used to refer to a socket as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still prefer to differentiate between them by calling enchufe to the plug and tomacorriente to the socket. For example, Juanillo's example could be expressed as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿En dónde hay un tomacorriente para conectar mi portátil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-03-12T14:27:28.397" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T14:27:28.397" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2012-03-13T00:56:14.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está fuera de lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T00:56:14.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1997" CreationDate="2012-03-13T16:16:10.280" Score="9" ViewCount="4613" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=s%C3%B3lo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;solo o sólo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. m. Únicamente, solamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what situations is preferred to use one over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo es una pregunta simple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solamente es una pregunta simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Únicamente es una pregunta simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:31:44.960" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:31:44.960" Title="What's the difference between &quot;sólo&quot;, &quot;únicamente&quot; and &quot;solamente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1996" CreationDate="2012-03-13T17:43:02.000" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are synonyms (as RAE says in the definition you give) so in my opinion they are interchangeable. They are all &lt;strong&gt;adverbs of manner&lt;/strong&gt; and they all mean that there is only one way of doing it, it's just in one thing or that you want it without anything else. So these sentences would mean exactly the same to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in just one way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo&lt;/strong&gt;/ &lt;strong&gt;Solo&lt;/strong&gt; hay una forma de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solamente&lt;/strong&gt; hay una forma de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Únicamente&lt;/strong&gt; hay una forma de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it's just in one thing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El canguro vive &lt;strong&gt;sólo&lt;/strong&gt;/ &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; en Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El canguro vive &lt;strong&gt;solamente&lt;/strong&gt; en Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El canguro vive &lt;strong&gt;únicamente&lt;/strong&gt; en Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;without anything else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo&lt;/strong&gt;/ &lt;strong&gt;Solo&lt;/strong&gt; quiero un café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solamente&lt;/strong&gt; quiero un café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Únicamente&lt;/strong&gt; quiero un café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; is shorter it will be probably more used than the others in oral speech but any option is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just take care that &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; (when it doesn't have the accent mark) can also be other things apart from an adverb of manner, so &lt;strong&gt;it wouldn't be interchangeable in the other cases&lt;/strong&gt;. For example it wouldn't be possible in these sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero un café &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; (sin leche).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T19:28:24.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1999" CreationDate="2012-03-14T03:34:53.793" Score="6" ViewCount="2344" Body="&lt;p&gt;The online automated translators tend to use &lt;code&gt;campo&lt;/code&gt; (ie. a field, like a soccer field) for this, but I'm not sure if this appropriate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper translation here to refer to a field on a computer form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="601" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T15:56:27.450" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:27:50.700" Title="Translation of &quot;Field&quot; (as in, on a form)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2012-03-14T07:42:05.810" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Campo&lt;/code&gt; translates seamlessly to all what &lt;code&gt;field&lt;/code&gt; means in English: a form gap, some sport pitch, a rural zone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-03-14T20:06:01.207" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T20:06:01.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2000" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-14T15:41:04.980" Score="3" ViewCount="163990" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the standard responses to &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo estás?&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only ones I know of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which both are for when you are well, how do you say ok? or not so good?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="602" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T22:18:30.610" Title="How to respond to ¿Cómo estás?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-03-14T22:16:26.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="885" CreationDate="2012-03-14T17:56:00.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had never heard about &lt;code&gt;mueco&lt;/code&gt; before, so it really can be a very localized word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;code&gt;mellado&lt;/code&gt;, it usually is used to refer someone who lacks one o more teeth, but is not exactly toothless, which then is told &lt;code&gt;desdentado&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;It derives from &lt;code&gt;mella&lt;/code&gt;, which the RAE defines as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vacío o hueco que queda en una cosa por faltar lo que lo ocupaba o&#xA;  henchía, como en la encía cuando falta un diente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is, an empty space left where there should be something (as a tooth at the gum).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="604" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T17:56:00.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2000" CreationDate="2012-03-14T20:15:26.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exact same way you respond to &quot;How are you?&quot; in English: &lt;em&gt;With an answer for how you are doing.&lt;/em&gt;  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Muy bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Muy mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Más o menos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy cansado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo hambre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No sé.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy enfermo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy sano como un roble.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy feliz como un niño en una tienda de dulces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... You get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-03-14T22:18:30.610" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T22:18:30.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-15T01:06:32.273" Score="14" ViewCount="1239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally the Spanish word &lt;code&gt;maleducado&lt;/code&gt; more often means &lt;code&gt;rude&lt;/code&gt;, rather than &lt;code&gt;unschooled&lt;/code&gt;. In light of this, how would one describe someone who is &lt;code&gt;polite and intelligent&lt;/code&gt;, but has &lt;code&gt;never been formally schooled&lt;/code&gt; and hence is ignorant of most technical subjects? I looked it up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; and found these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Falto de educación&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sin instrucción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ignorante&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;inculto(a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the precise differences in implication between each of these? Are there any other ways to translate 'uneducated' in the manner I've described? Which seems to most closely fit the definition of someone who is very capable of learning, but has never been taught very much? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(A little more digging didn't produce the fine distinction I was looking for, so I decided to come here :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:32:16.113" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T01:52:55.193" Title="Best way to translate 'uneducated', meaning lacking formal schooling" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2012-03-15T05:02:11.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, since you will be commenting on the level of someone's education, you'll usually want to be cautious in the words you choose, since no one would like their level of intelligence to be made fun of! ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, since you are looking for a &lt;em&gt;polite&lt;/em&gt; way to express this, I probably wouldn't lean in the direction of &lt;code&gt;ignorante&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;inculto&lt;/code&gt;. These words &lt;em&gt;aren't&lt;/em&gt; totally rude per se, but they might come off as being a little too blunt. You could probably get away using them in a joking or playful manner, but caution is still advised.  Other words that could probably fall into this category might include &lt;code&gt;bruto&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;brute&lt;/em&gt;), and &lt;code&gt;necio&lt;/code&gt; (roughly: &lt;em&gt;uneducated fool&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;code&gt;falto(a) de educación&lt;/code&gt; would probably work, but it could also be interpreted in a way similar to &lt;code&gt;maleducado&lt;/code&gt;, that is &lt;code&gt;rude&lt;/code&gt;. It would really depend on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my humble opinion, I think that a good (and unambigious) way to express &lt;code&gt;the lack of education&lt;/code&gt;, would be to use an expression meaning &lt;code&gt;without&lt;/code&gt;. In this case the preposition &lt;code&gt;sin&lt;/code&gt; or a negative of the verb &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt; work well. These patterns also allow you to specify the type of education a person lacks (e.g. &lt;code&gt;escuela secundaria&lt;/code&gt; (high school), &lt;code&gt;colegio&lt;/code&gt; (college), etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella está sin colegio. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella no tiene (un título del) colegio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;She doesn't have a college education.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That more-or-less should cover all the basic and general expressions that would be used. In general, the same principles that you would use to choose how you'd express this in English will apply here. Just try to be sensitive and smile. Hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-03-15T19:58:43.930" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T19:58:43.930" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2012-03-15T05:52:21.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Campo is OK. You could also use &quot;casillero&quot; or &quot;casilla&quot; in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T05:52:21.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2012-03-15T09:21:04.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A polite word often used for people lack of academic education is &lt;code&gt;iletrado&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;The RAE dictionary defines it as a synonym of &lt;code&gt;analfabeto&lt;/code&gt;, but usually, analfabeto is intended to describe someone who can't read/write, or lacks of the most basic education skills.&#xA;Iletrado sounds less rude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="604" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-03-15T10:15:28.690" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T10:15:28.690" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2012-03-15T10:30:05.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case of formal education, alternative word you can use instead of &lt;code&gt;educación&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;formación&lt;/code&gt; (it does have slightly different meaning that &quot;education&quot;, it's rarely used in context of primary schools, and it's also used for &quot;professional training&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus when talking about a person who isnot qualified for the job because of lack of eg. college education, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le falta la formación para este puesto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T10:30:05.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2012-03-15T14:09:50.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How would one describe someone who is polite and intelligent, but has&#xA;  never been formally schooled and hence is ignorant of most technical&#xA;  subjects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some choices are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Falto de formación técnica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Falto de educación formal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Maleducado&lt;/code&gt; is used to refer to someone that lacks good manners. You can have a post doctorate degree in astrophysics from Princeton and still be a &lt;code&gt;maleducado&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T14:09:50.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2012-03-15T16:08:15.210" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a general way I would use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Sin estudios&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and if I want to make it more exact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin estudios básicos (uneducated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin estudios secundarios (without High school education)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin estudios universitarios (without university education)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-03-17T19:29:34.120" LastActivityDate="2012-03-17T19:29:34.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2012" CreationDate="2012-03-16T00:51:24.373" Score="7" ViewCount="1235" Body="&lt;p&gt;In technical terms, what is the correct way to refer to a computer's Clipboard in Spanish? The automated translators say it's &quot;Portapapeles&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="601" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-03-16T17:50:35.077" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T17:50:35.077" Title="Is Portapapeles the correct translation for Clipboard?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2011" CreationDate="2012-03-16T00:59:16.947" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;portapapeles&lt;/em&gt; is the correct translation; &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?LEMA=portapapeles&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; it is its meaning, according to the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;portapapeles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Inform. Depósito temporal en la memoria de una computadora donde se coloca información para utilizarla posteriormente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, &lt;em&gt;portapapeles&lt;/em&gt; is a temporary deposit in a computer's memory to store information for a later use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a historical note, the word &lt;em&gt;portapapeles&lt;/em&gt; was only recently accepted by the RAE and it will officially &amp;quot;appear in society&amp;quot; in the 23rd edition of the DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T01:10:34.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2021" CreationDate="2012-03-16T15:17:08.443" Score="8" ViewCount="2357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh surprise, &lt;code&gt;Condescendant&lt;/code&gt; has a very different meaning in English compared to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/condescendant&quot;&gt;Condescendant&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assuming a tone of superiority or a patronizing attitude&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Condescendiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que condesciende.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Pronto, dispuesto a condescender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=condescender&quot;&gt;Condescender&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acomodarse &lt;strong&gt;por bondad&lt;/strong&gt; al gusto y voluntad de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have an idea of how the two words, having the same Latin root, came to have such  different meanings in both Languages? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, based on the Spanish meaning, how would you then translate &lt;code&gt;condescendiente&lt;/code&gt; to English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-03-18T04:36:58.843" Title="Condescendiente / Condescendant" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-16T17:43:39.827" Score="8" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that there are several sources in English to check for commonly-accepted rules of style. This is, regarding how punctuation should look in non-common cases (eg., if the period should be used or not in the abbreviation on this parenthesis because it looks awful next to the colon).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I was wondering: is there anything like this for the Spanish language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T20:45:39.683" Title="Rules of style for Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2014" CreationDate="2012-03-16T23:43:42.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://estudiantes.elpais.com/libroestilo/indice_estilos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Libro de Estilo de El País&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a classic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T23:43:42.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2018" CreationDate="2012-03-17T18:38:40.983" Score="10" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;psicología&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ptosis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ptolomeo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sicolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sicología&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is also found in the RAE but most of the time I've seen it written as &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=psicolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;psicología&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How are they pronounced?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the roots of these &quot;ps&quot; and &quot;pt&quot; words?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T13:10:13.750" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T22:36:32.870" Title="How are words with &quot;ps&quot; or &quot;pt&quot; pronounced?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;&lt;griego&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2012-03-17T19:16:17.443" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are usually pronounced as if the &amp;quot;p&amp;quot; didn't exist. It's because these words come from the Greek. The RAE in &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; explains in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/dpd/p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its article about &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For words starting with Ps-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. El grupo consonántico &lt;strong&gt;ps&lt;/strong&gt;, resultado de la transcripción de la letra griega &lt;strong&gt;psi&lt;/strong&gt;, aparece en posición inicial de palabra en numerosas voces cultas formadas sobre raíces o palabras griegas que comienzan por esa letra (psyché ‘alma’, pseudo- ‘falso’, psittakós ‘papagayo’, etc.). En todos los casos se admite en la escritura la reducción del grupo ps- a s-, grafía que refleja mejor la pronunciación normal de las palabras que contienen este grupo inicial, en las que &lt;strong&gt;la p- no suele articularse&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sicología&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sicosis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;siquiatra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sitacismo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seudoprofeta&lt;/em&gt;, etc. No obstante, el uso culto sigue prefiriendo las grafías con ps-: &lt;em&gt;psicología&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;psicosis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;psiquiatra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;psitacismo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pseudoprofeta&lt;/em&gt;, etc., salvo en las palabras &lt;em&gt;seudónimo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;seudópodo&lt;/em&gt;, que se escriben normalmente sin &lt;em&gt;p-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For words starting with Pt-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. En algunas voces cultas de origen griego, o formadas sobre raíces griegas, se mantiene en posición inicial de palabra el grupo consonántico pt, especialmente en voces científico-técnicas: &lt;em&gt;pteridofito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pterodáctilo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ptosis&lt;/em&gt;, etc. No obstante, lo más habitual ha sido que las palabras procedentes de voces o raíces con grupo pt- inicial en griego se hayan incorporado al español sin p-: &lt;em&gt;tisana&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tialina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tialismo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Tolomeo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tomaína&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For pt inside a word&lt;/strong&gt; the &amp;quot;p&amp;quot; is pronounced weakly and even sometimes not pronounced in &amp;quot;séptimo&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;septiembre&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5. La pronunciación de la &lt;strong&gt;p se relaja considerablemente&lt;/strong&gt; en el grupo pt situado en interior de palabra, pero solo es corriente su pérdida en &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;séptimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;septiembre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que se pronuncian a menudo en el habla espontánea, al menos en España, [sétimo] y [setiémbre]; por ello se admiten también las grafías sétimo y setiembre, aunque en el uso culto se siguen prefiriendo decididamente las grafías con -pt-. En todos los demás casos (abrupto, aceptar, concepto, corrupto, Egipto, óptimo, etc.), la reducción de -pt- a -t- debe evitarse tanto en la grafía como en la pronunciación. Son excepción los participios de los verbos pertenecientes a la familia de escribir, que por influencia de escrito (forma usual hoy frente a la anticuada escripto), se escriben preferiblemente sin -p-: adscrito, descrito, inscrito, suscrito, transcrito, etc.; no obstante, en algunas zonas de América, especialmente en la Argentina y el Uruguay, son de uso normal las formas con -pt-.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-03-23T22:36:32.870" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T22:36:32.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2020" CreationDate="2012-03-17T21:52:21.667" Score="6" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the preferred used word for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;subscripción&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;,&#xA;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=subscripci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;subscripción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=suscripci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;suscripción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why are there two ways to write the same word?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other words like this one where the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can be&#xA;ommited? In what cases is it allowed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=substancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;substancia&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sustancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sustancia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-19T16:52:26.373" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T16:52:26.373" Title="What is the preferred used word for &quot;subscripción&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2019" CreationDate="2012-03-17T22:55:13.743" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Originally, the correct form was &lt;em&gt;subscripción&lt;/em&gt;; however, over the years, the relaxation of the sound of the &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; in the consonantic group &lt;em&gt;bs+consonant&lt;/em&gt; led to the simplification in the writing of &lt;em&gt;bs+consonant&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;s+consonant&lt;/em&gt;. Both spellings are still used (the RAE lists both spellings as valid), but nowadays the simplified form is the one that is almost exclusively preferred. Some other examples of this simplification are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;obscuro&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;oscuro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;subscribir&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;suscribir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;substancia&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;sustancia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;substitución&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;sustitución&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*substraer -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;sustraer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are cases in which this simplification shouldn't be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;obstante&lt;/em&gt;, cannot be simplified to &lt;em&gt;ostante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;abstemio&lt;/em&gt; cannot be simplified to &lt;em&gt;astemio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the group &lt;em&gt;bs+vowel&lt;/em&gt; cannot be simplified to &lt;em&gt;s+vowel&lt;/em&gt;, so it's not correct to write, for example, &lt;em&gt;osesivo&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;obsesivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-17T23:57:55.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2013" CreationDate="2012-03-18T04:36:58.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an example of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;false friend&lt;/a&gt;  and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=condescendiente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;possible&lt;/a&gt;  an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto-antonym&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;auto-antonym&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1) The English word is &lt;em&gt;condescendent&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;condescending&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1707, prp. adj. from condescend. Originally in a positive sense (of God, the Savior, etc.) until late 18c. Related: Condescendingly (1650s).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) In other languages (French, Italian, etc.) it retains the &quot;good sense&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3) I would translate it as &quot;affable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastActivityDate="2012-03-18T04:36:58.843" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-03-18T04:36:58.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="316" CreationDate="2012-03-19T13:54:40.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the word started with &quot;Al&quot; came from Arab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Almohada (Pillow)&#xA;Alcohol.&#xA;Almacén (Depot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or starts with Guada (sounds Wad.means river)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guadalajara.&#xA;Guadalquivir.&#xA;Guadarrama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="37" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T13:54:40.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2024" CreationDate="2012-03-19T21:22:08.863" Score="7" ViewCount="447" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a common statement—well, I least I've read quite a few times—that goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can't get something out of nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if this sentence has a common translation into Spanish, and if it doesn't, well, I'd like to have a good translation of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;code&gt;No se puede conseguir algo a partir de la nada&lt;/code&gt;&quot; seems ok, but it sounds pretty wooden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-03-19T21:49:00.590" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T22:44:14.847" Title="What would be a good way to express &quot;You can't get something out of nothing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-03-19T22:14:00.407" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, expressions of &lt;em&gt;procession from&lt;/em&gt; (that is, something results because of something that was) seem to sound more natural than expressions of &lt;em&gt;obtaining from&lt;/em&gt;. That said, I assume both &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be equally understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nada_surge_de_la_nada&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; has it written as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada surge de la nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other ways to express it might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada viene de la nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada procede de la nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No puedes sacar nada de la nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;And, of course, &lt;code&gt;la nada&lt;/code&gt; can also be rephrased in many ways to be more specific or sound more natural (in context). Words and phrases such as &lt;code&gt;vacío&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;(a)donde hay nada&lt;/code&gt;,  can help spice thing up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T22:14:00.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2026" CreationDate="2012-03-19T22:47:23.263" Score="4" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fiscalía&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish refers to a district attorney or public prosecutor. &quot;Fiscal&quot; (in English or Spanish) describes something related to finances. This always confused me because the words are very similar but seem to have fairly different meanings. Are the two related? What is the etymology of &lt;em&gt;fiscalía&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T23:39:18.750" Title="Is fiscalía related to fiscal?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2025" CreationDate="2012-03-19T23:39:18.750" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fiscalía&lt;/em&gt; refers to the office of a district attorney or public prosecutor rather than the attorney / prosecutor itself. The attorney / prosecutor is a &lt;em&gt;fiscal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't tell you much about etymology, but both words are indeed related and I think they derive from &lt;em&gt;fisco&lt;/em&gt;, which refers primarily to the treasury (as in the US Treasury).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what is worth, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/fisco&quot;&gt;wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; says this about &lt;em&gt;fisco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Etimología: del latín fiscus, &quot;tesoro personal del emperador&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fiscalizar&lt;/em&gt; is also another common word with the same origin, meaning to supervise or to control (for instance, an election to prevent fraud; generally, at least in Argentina, the parties involved in an election send &lt;em&gt;fiscales&lt;/em&gt; to the polling stations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T23:39:18.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-03-20T03:11:54.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it's quite common the idiom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nadie da duros a cuatro pesetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;duro&quot; is a five-peseta coin. Although pesetas are not current anymore, most people over 15 or so would understand this saying with the meaning that the OP describes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T03:11:54.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2028" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2029" CreationDate="2012-03-20T06:40:00.837" Score="13" ViewCount="4810" Body="&lt;p&gt;In typing classes in English, it is common to learn to type the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it contains every letter of the alphabet at least once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent Spanish language phrase or sentence that can be used for typing practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T18:45:13.263" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T04:36:05.470" Title="&quot;Quick brown fox...&quot; equivalent in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2028" CreationDate="2012-03-20T08:12:12.907" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;That kind of sentences which uses a every letter of the alphabet at least once are called &lt;strong&gt;pangrams&lt;/strong&gt; (in Spanish &quot;pangrama&quot;) or &lt;strong&gt;holoalphabetic sentence&lt;/strong&gt; (in Spanish &quot;frase holoalfabética&quot;). There is even &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangrama&quot;&gt;a wikipedia entry about them&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that entry you can find these examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cada vez que trabajo, Félix me paga un whisky (36 letters) (Ñ is missing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cada vez que me trabo, Félix paga un whisky añejo (39 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Extraño alijo hampón: güisqui; kiwi, vid y ... ¡¿bizc8?!. (38-41 letters) Rich format: –«€xtraño @lijo hampón: güisqui(º); kiwi,&#xA;  vid y … ¿¡“bizc8”!?»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡Ávida cigüeña floja!, pibonazo quemó whisky extra. (41 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Extraño alijo ampón: whisky/güisqui, bizcocho, vid... (41 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Quiere la boca exhausta vid, kiwi, piña y fugaz jamón. (42 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fabio me exige, sin tapujos, que añada cerveza al whisky. (45 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Jovencillo emponzoñado de whisky, ¡qué figurota exhibe! (46 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;David exige plazo fijo para el embarque de truchas y niños New York. (55 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La cigüeña tocaba cada vez mejor el saxofón y el búho pedía kiwi y queso. (58 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El jefe buscó el éxtasis en un imprevisto baño de whisky y gozó como un duque. (62 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El cadáver de Wamba, rey godo de España, fue exhumado y trasladado en una caja de zinc que pesó un kilo. (81 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El pingüino Wenceslao hizo kilómetros bajo exhaustiva lluvia y frío, añoraba a su querido cachorro. (83 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Wendy pidió que se le añadiera a su compra cerveza, un bote de jugo de frutas y un kilo huesos de la carnicería anexa. (91 letters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña tocaba el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja. (92 letters) (Used for displaying an example of the typography in Windows and Linux in Spanish)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can find much more by just looking for pangram or pangrama in google. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pangrams&quot;&gt;Wikipedia also has another list of them in every language&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T12:19:03.107" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T12:19:03.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-03-20T08:22:39.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At a informal context, you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;De donde no hay, no se puede sacar&lt;/code&gt; (like &lt;em&gt;you can't get anything from where there's nothing&lt;/em&gt;)-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this fits what you are asking, but it's quite informal speaking. Not to be added to a quarter results report, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="604" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T08:22:39.493" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2033" CreationDate="2012-03-20T16:51:33.273" Score="3" ViewCount="1856" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the typical way in Spanish to refer to &quot;slacks&quot; (or dress pants that you'd wear with a suit or other formal clothing)? Is there a universal way to distinguish them from less formal pants? WordReference doesn't have an entry for it and I don't remember hearing a word for it in my travels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T17:50:58.820" Title="Translation of &quot;slacks&quot; (dress pants)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2037" CreationDate="2012-03-20T17:11:37.180" Score="1" ViewCount="2543" Body="&lt;p&gt;When giving directions in English, we typically say &quot;turn&quot; to mean a full 90 degree (more or less) turn, but a shallow turn can be a &quot;slight left/right&quot; and we might say something like &quot;bear right at the fork in the road.&quot; How do you convey &quot;slight left/right&quot; and &quot;to bear left/right&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T11:06:28.007" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:06:28.007" Title="How do you describe a slight right/left turn (bearing left or right)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2031" CreationDate="2012-03-20T17:43:46.517" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't heard any special word for that kind of trousers in Spain. I've always heard something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pantalón de traje (for the trousers of a suit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe in general&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pantalón de vestir (for smart/elegant trousers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T17:43:46.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2031" CreationDate="2012-03-20T17:50:58.820" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some options that you could use might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pantalones de vestir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pantalones finos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pantalones buenos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often times though—assuming it's clear from context—you can informally refer to them as just &lt;code&gt;pantalones&lt;/code&gt;. You'd distinguish these from other types of pants because many of them have different informal words (e.g. &lt;code&gt;mezclilla&lt;/code&gt; for jeans.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps! :)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T17:50:58.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2032" CreationDate="2012-03-20T18:30:46.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate &quot;slight left/right&quot; as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pequeña izquierda / Pequeña derecha&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Haz una pequeña izquierda cuando llegues a la intersección.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way I would express that would be  &lt;code&gt;diagonal a la izquierda / diagonal a la derecha&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Haz una diagonal a la izquierda cuando llegues a la intersección.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te term &lt;code&gt;diagonal&lt;/code&gt; makes it obvious that you are not talking about the 90&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; turn but rather a 45&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; turn more or less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt; Another suggestion (mentioned by Javi on his comment) would be: &lt;code&gt;gira ligeramente a la izquierda/derecha&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2&lt;/strong&gt;: Dusan suggests &lt;code&gt;Gira un poco hacia la derecha/izquierda&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-03-20T21:52:51.360" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T21:52:51.360" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2038" CreationDate="2012-03-21T01:01:39.720" Score="7" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today in conversation a girl told me: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tus rasgos, muy bonitos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I smiled, replied with some compliment, but I had no idea what did she found nice. And even later, after secretly looking this up on the heartless Google Translate, and a little bit warmer RAE, I wasn't sure what she was exactly talking about. It's not that you need exact pedantic translation in cases like this, but now it's scientific interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just translated this into Russian and everything becomes more clear. But I still cannot imagine how to say the same in English. Also it would be nice to hear more about using this construction in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to be poetical in your answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="78" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T12:17:20.567" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:13:19.910" Title="What exactly are &quot;mis rasgos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2032" CreationDate="2012-03-21T01:33:44.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might depend on the localization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gira tantito a ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gira poquito a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gira ligeramente a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gira un poco a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure however if any of this sound weird to anyone from, lets say, Uruguay or Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also tend to say &lt;strong&gt;Quebrar&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Break&lt;/em&gt;) when implying a drastic 90° turn:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-Quiébrate a la derecha.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T12:15:34.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2036" CreationDate="2012-03-21T04:11:59.897" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tú tienes unos rasgos muy bonitos&lt;/code&gt; is an expression to tell someone that his/her looks are pleasing. It's almost the same as telling a woman that she's beautiful or a man that he's handsome but without appearing too forward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Rasgos físicos&lt;/code&gt; refer to someone's physical features such as height, eye/hair/skin color, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T04:11:59.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2036" CreationDate="2012-03-21T09:38:38.557" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;She was telling you're a handsome man, in a nice way. Talking about your face. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some quick responses: If you want to reply with something nice too, you may use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pareces una chica muy guapa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think you're a pretty girl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the girl has pretty eyes, you may continue with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y tienes unos ojos preciosos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And you have really beautiful/lovely eyes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps you. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="618" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:13:19.910" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:13:19.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2032" CreationDate="2012-03-21T20:38:38.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Girar ligeramente hacia la izquierda/derecha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Girar levemente hacia...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Girar un poco hacia...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T20:38:38.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-03-21T20:42:37.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another idiom in Spanish to express that (more coloquial than the others):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde no hay mata, no hay patata&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What literally means where there is no plant, you can't find potatoes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T21:16:39.030" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T21:16:39.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2014" CreationDate="2012-03-21T20:45:39.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fundéu&lt;/a&gt;. It's very usefull because this site highlights the &quot;trending topics&quot; in the news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T20:45:39.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-03-21T22:44:14.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=58444&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Refranero del Instituto Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De donde no hay no se puede sacar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde no hay, no hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T22:44:14.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2053" CreationDate="2012-03-22T21:23:50.633" Score="14" ViewCount="11417" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was teaching a high school Spanish class, and a student (who was raised in Texas, but has Mexican relatives) told me that he has heard &quot;veni&quot; instead of &quot;viene&quot;.  I'd like to know if this is something that is used in Mexico or Texas, or maybe something that he has misunderstood.  My only thought is that he has heard, &quot;Ven ahí&quot; and morphed it into one word.  There is also &quot;Venid&quot; without hearing the &quot;d&quot; but that would be uncommon around Texas.  Also, please don't focus on &quot;viene&quot; being in the present tense and other forms being commands (or any other forms you may suggest).  This student wasn't saying it was exactly the same, and wasn't focused on the tense being used, just that he'd heard a different word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me stay a step ahead of this student on this.  Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T04:57:42.877" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T04:57:42.877" Title="Use of &quot;Veni&quot;? Is it a real word?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;comunidad-chicana&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2012-03-22T22:07:51.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Mexico myself, and I've never heard &lt;code&gt;veni&lt;/code&gt; (And I've been in Northern and Central Mexico and Texas), so I'd say that student maybe got confused as you mention with something like &lt;code&gt;Ven ahi&lt;/code&gt; or even &lt;code&gt;vine&lt;/code&gt; said the wrong way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T22:07:51.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2050" CreationDate="2012-03-23T02:48:26.420" Score="5" ViewCount="2911" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you translate sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I wish I had remembered that earlier.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I wish I had made the most of it while I still could.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few ways to say I wish in Spanish, but I wasn't sure exactly which one fits best in this situation where the speaker is expressing regret or remorse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-03-24T08:08:03.397" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T08:08:03.397" Title="Translation: &quot;To wish&quot; expressing regret" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2056" CreationDate="2012-03-23T05:06:59.167" Score="8" ViewCount="3175" Body="&lt;p&gt;So in English I often start sentences with the word '&lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt;'. Often I do this when beginning an explanation, but there are heaps of other uses too, like when telling a story or when expecting an answer from somebody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example I just read was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'&lt;em&gt;So&lt;/em&gt; a friend of mine...'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other uses are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, how is your report going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So the way it works is...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there similar ways of expressing this in Spanish? I understand there might not be an equivalent in Spanish but is there anything similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T08:01:55.493" Title="Translation: &quot;so&quot; to begin a sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2047" CreationDate="2012-03-23T05:19:55.393" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two general patterns that could be used to express the desire that something &lt;em&gt;had happened&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;had been done&lt;/em&gt;. One can—as far as I know—only be used when speaking in the &lt;strong&gt;first person&lt;/strong&gt;, while the second can be adapted to other viewpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first relies upon the expression &lt;code&gt;ojalá hubiera&lt;/code&gt;, and works as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wish I had &lt;i&gt;&amp;lt;past action&amp;gt;&lt;/i&gt; =&gt; Ojalá hubiera &lt;i&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past_participle#Spanish&quot;&gt;past participle&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojalá no la hubiera conocido jamas.&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; I wish I had never met her.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojalá hubiera [yo] traído mas leche&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; I wish I had brought more milk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Certain modifiers can precede the word &lt;b&gt;hubiera&lt;/b&gt; (as in Example 1.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second pattern is much more flexible and relies on &lt;em&gt;want words&lt;/em&gt; such as &lt;code&gt;gustar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;desear&lt;/code&gt;.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt; wish(es) &amp;lt;past action&amp;gt; =&gt; &amp;lt;&lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt; haber &amp;lt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past_participle#Spanish&quot;&gt;past participle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A él le gustaría haber tenido mas dinero.&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; He wishes he had had more money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desearía no haber dejado de hablar con mi mamá.&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; I wish I hadn't stopped speaking with my mother.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt; are the conditional forms of their respective verbs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Again, certain modifiers may precede the word &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;This pattern doesn't carry a sense of remorse to any major degree. It generally has the nuance of a reflection, but adverbs of magnitude could be used to help express the gravity of the statement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are general grammatical patterns that should be more or less understood everywhere. There are probably more idiomatic phrases in use throughout Latin America, but I couldn't think of any specifically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T13:58:13.870" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T13:58:13.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2049" CreationDate="2012-03-23T12:26:20.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the way you use &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt;, you have different choices in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a friend of mine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que un amigo... / Pues resulta que un amigo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the way it works...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la forma en que funciona... / Pues la forma en que funciona...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T12:26:20.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2012-03-23T12:29:52.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe he's misunderstanding Spanish and Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In latin &lt;em&gt;Veni&lt;/em&gt; means  &lt;em&gt;go to&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe he has heard this famous latin quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veni,_vidi,_vici&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Veni, vidi, vici&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T12:29:52.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2012-03-23T16:41:18.163" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Veni&quot; isn't a word in standard Spanish. However, &lt;em&gt;vení&lt;/em&gt; (with an accent on the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;) is the affirmative imperative &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; form of &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; in places where voseo occurs. But according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Countries_where_vos_is_practically_out_of_use&quot;&gt;the Wikipedia article on voseo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;only used [in Mexico] in some small parts of Chiapas and Tabasco, being completely unused in the rest of the country.&quot; However, voseo is standard in Argentina and Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the student is from Texas and Mexico, as others have said it's probably more likely that he heard something like &lt;em&gt;ven y ver&lt;/em&gt; (as part of a longer sentence) and thought he was hearing the word &quot;veni.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorDisplayName="user1572" LastEditDate="2013-06-08T16:43:29.623" LastActivityDate="2013-06-08T16:43:29.623" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2055" CreationDate="2012-03-23T17:37:05.020" Score="5" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best Spanish translation for the English adjective &quot;haunting&quot; (as in &quot;a haunting melody&quot;)? &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=haunting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; gives three options: &lt;em&gt;evocador&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;inquietante&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;inolvidable&lt;/em&gt;. Do any of these really convey what the English word does (something enthralling, beautiful, somber/sad)? What are the differences between these three words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T14:34:00.553" Title="Translation for the adjective &quot;haunting&quot; (as in &quot;a haunting melody&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;música&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2054" CreationDate="2012-03-23T19:56:30.050" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would help a broader context of the sentence, but I guess &quot;cautivadora&quot; covers most of what &quot;haunting&quot; originally conveys, and it's common to hear the phrase &quot;una melodía cautivadora&quot; - &quot;a haunting melody&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T19:56:30.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2049" CreationDate="2012-03-24T08:01:55.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;So&lt;/em&gt;, in this context... Pardon, let me start again...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt;, in this context, is known as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discourse_marker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discourse marker&lt;/a&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/43273/9983&quot;&gt;relevant English L&amp;amp;U question&lt;/a&gt;), of which there are many others, including (from wikipedia) &lt;em&gt;you know&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;basically&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;I mean&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;. The description of discourse markers taken from wikipedia reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In linguistics, a discourse marker is a word or phrase that is relatively syntax-independent and does not change the meaning of the sentence, and has a somewhat empty meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your first example, the word &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; can be replaced with any of these with the same grammatical construct resulting, and little or no change in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish also has this concept, known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcadores_del_discurso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marcadores de discurso&lt;/a&gt;. Some common ones in Spanish (agian taken from wikipedia) are: &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pues bien&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;así las cosas&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;dicho esto/eso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T08:01:55.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-24T13:27:20.220" Score="4" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a software that could help me create my own dictionary (extension). While there are excellent dictionaries for Spanish out there both freely available on the web as well as commercial ones, those tend to be rather weak when one has to delve more deeply into a specific domain with its own specialized vocabulary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using search engines and sites like wikipedia it is possible to find the correct translations for rather special vocabulary. But I would like to save the results of such research in a form that would allow me to consult it later. For example, I just did a little research that came up with Spanish translations for expressions like &lt;em&gt;parallel computing&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;actor systems&lt;/em&gt; and  &lt;em&gt;message passing&lt;/em&gt;. So, is there any free or commercial software out there that could help me with that? It should, of course, have full-text search, and ideally allow me to organize entries into categories using tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approaches so far have been&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a notebook (yes, a paper one...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all kinds of different programs like text editors, text processors, Excel, leading to my favorite so far:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a mindmap using FreeMind, which gives me some limited search functionality and the possiblity to structure its content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[By the way, I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://nuyoo.utm.mx/edi_anteriores/pdf/e0103.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this paper&lt;/a&gt; to be a good resource for Spanish vocabulary on parallel computation.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T07:54:54.207" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:54:54.207" Title="Good *extensible* dictionary software?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2012-03-25T02:42:33.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2058" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2059" CreationDate="2012-03-25T18:34:37.217" Score="6" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I translate the phrase &quot;Es un placer haber sido de utilidad&quot; into English? What ways sound most natural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It's a pleasure to have been useful&quot; sounds a little weird for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo traducir la frase &quot;Es un placer haber sido de utilidad&quot; al inglés? ¿Qué traducciones suenan mas naturales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It's a pleasure to have been useful&quot; me suena raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T11:02:47.293" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T11:02:47.293" Title="What would be a good way of expressing &quot;Es un placer haber sido de utilidad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-10-07T11:03:37.380" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2058" CreationDate="2012-03-25T19:33:14.430" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good natural sounding translation, that still keeps close to the original diction and wording, would probably be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It's been a pleasure to be of assistance.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other possibilities might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm glad I could help.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm more than happy to have lent a hand.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of this, in &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; situations, it also very common so say &lt;code&gt;No, the pleasure is (all) mine.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mary:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thank you for helping me find my keys, sir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;John:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;No, the pleasure is all mine.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-03-26T16:52:23.747" LastActivityDate="2012-03-26T16:52:23.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-03-27T02:05:47.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For an informal tone you could very well get away with just using 'skin' (without translating it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you want a formal tone you could use &lt;code&gt;tema&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;apariencia&lt;/code&gt; as suggested by Alfredo, or &lt;code&gt;diseño&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;estilo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="274" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T02:05:47.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1930" CreationDate="2012-03-27T08:40:24.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can also mean &amp;quot;extremely funny&amp;quot; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La broma fue mortal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The joke was extremely funny&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T08:40:24.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2063" CreationDate="2012-03-27T21:56:40.970" Score="6" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Valencian&lt;/a&gt; dish &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paella#Valencian_paella&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paella&lt;/a&gt; traditionally (at least that's how I was taught it has to be done) is prepared by slightly allowing the rice to burn from the bottom, to a point where it gets quite dark. I have no clue how to spell it, but it is called something I would write down as &quot;Chocaraet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How, do you spell it correctly? Bonus question: What does it mean or where does that word come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;El plato valenciano &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paella#Valencian_paella&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paella&lt;/a&gt; tradicionalmente (al menos así es como me enseñaron que se tiene que hacer) se prepara permitiendo que el arroz se queme un poco por abajo, hasta un punto donde se vuelve bastante oscuro. No tengo ni idea de cómo se deletrea, pero se le llama algo que yo escribiría como &quot;Chocaraet&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se deletrea correctamente? Pregunta bonus: ¿Qué significa o de dónde viene esa palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="511" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-05-27T15:53:12.417" LastActivityDate="2014-12-25T17:38:29.340" Title="How do you spell &quot;Chocaraet&quot; correctly?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2062" CreationDate="2012-03-27T22:15:31.897" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usual spelling is &lt;em&gt;socarrat&lt;/em&gt;, and that is Valencian or Catalan rather than Spanish. It can be translated as &lt;em&gt;lightly burnt&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;toasted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=socarrar&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;socarrar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; exists in Spanish; the participle is &lt;em&gt;socarrado&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;socarrat&lt;/em&gt; is the Valencian/Catalan literal equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-03-27T22:19:28.897" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T22:19:28.897" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="478" CreationDate="2012-03-27T23:59:38.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Costa Rica and I have been looking not for the meaning, but from which animal it comes, and by the way it is something similar to crab meat; the same color but I don't know where it come from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="633" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-03-28T07:25:48.817" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T07:25:48.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2070" CreationDate="2012-03-28T04:50:01.170" Score="14" ViewCount="1981" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a non-native speaker, I have no more difficulty conversing with a Mexican than a Spaniard or Venezuelan or Colombian or vice versa.  I realize there are regional variations and differences in verbs, word choice, and accents, but how big are those differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concerning word choice and idioms, what percentage of all words typically used in one country would be understood by other countries?  And would this be much more different between Spain and countries in the Americas than between various countries within the same hemisphere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concerning verbs and pronouns, do differences between vos, tu, ustedes, and vosotros make conversation difficult or awkward among people from different regions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do different accents like the Spanish 'z' and 'c' or the Argentinian 'y' make words difficult to understand, or is the meaning usually or always clear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are any particular regions particularly difficult to understand to outsiders?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como un hablante no nativo, no tengo más dificultad conversando con un mexicano que con un español o venezolano o colombiano o viceversa. Entiendo que hay variaciones y diferencias regionales en verbos, elección de palabras y acentos, pero ¿qué tan grandes son esas diferencias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la elección de palabras y modismos, ¿qué porcentaje de palabras normalmente usadas en un país serán entendidas en otros países? ¿Y esto será mucho más diferente entre España y los países en las Américas que entre los países del mismo hemisferio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a los verbos y pronombres, ¿hacen las diferencias entre 'vos', 'tu', 'ustedes' y 'vosotros' la conversación difícil o incómoda entre gente de regiones diferentes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Los acentos como la 'z' y 'c' españolas o la 'y' argentina hacen las palabras difíciles de entender, o el significado está normalmente o siempre claro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna región en concreto particularmente difícil de entender para los extranjeros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-04-30T21:25:19.677" LastActivityDate="2012-05-07T17:41:30.930" Title="How big are the regional differences in the Spanish spoken in different countries?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2065" CreationDate="2012-03-28T07:24:00.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; in Spain would make the conversation &quot;different&quot; (but never awkward) as is not the typical way of talking to someone , but no one would have any problem understanding the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no problem as far as you use standard Spanish words (as you have used in your question). You can find some problems handling a conversation if you use slang words from a certain region, in another one where they don't know that expression/word, but I guess that this happens in every language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T07:24:00.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2072" CreationDate="2012-03-28T07:34:54.953" Score="7" ViewCount="11008" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often hear (or read in online chats) people say &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo ves?&lt;/code&gt;, typically after the end of an explanation of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this really mean?  It's phrased as a question, but rarely does it seem that the speaker is actually soliciting a response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this specifically a Mexican phrase, or is it used in other places?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frecuentemente he leido (o visto en los chats online) a la gente decir '¿Cómo ves?', normalmente despues de explicar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa esto realmente? Está formulada como una pregunta, pero raramente parece que el interlocutor esté realmente pidiendo una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es una frase específicamente mexicana, o se usa en otros lugares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-03-28T21:57:51.273" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T21:57:51.273" Title="What is the meaning of the phrase &quot;¿Cómo ves?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2067" CreationDate="2012-03-28T08:23:57.413" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if that's a Mexican phrase as it is, but I would say you probably mean &quot;¿Cómo lo ves?&quot;, which is a literal translation to &quot;How do you see it?&quot; meaning &quot;What do you think?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T08:23:57.413" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2065" CreationDate="2012-03-28T10:40:35.713" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can't give you hard stats, but think about the regional differences like the differences between American English and British English. I am able to understand most of what latin american say, either because I know the meaning they are giving to the word or I can infer easily the meaning. The cases in which I do not understand a word are very few (mostly, words that the root is not spanish or english).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="402" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T10:40:35.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2065" CreationDate="2012-03-28T13:53:12.993" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of really good answers above but still...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you understand the British English? I guess you do. For us, is the same. I'm argentinian and I can talk fluenty with almost anyone who speaks any &quot;version&quot; of Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there a lot of words which have no meaning or a totally different meaning in different countries, but we do detect when a tricky word appear and understand the meaning by context (or just ask!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A really good example (and very useful if you'll travel): in Spain people say &quot;coger&quot; for saying &quot;grab or take something&quot;. &quot;Coge a esa muchacha&quot; means &quot;take the hand of the lady (for maybe lead her)&quot;.&#xA;In Argentina, we say &quot;coger&quot; to say &quot;fuck&quot; (literally fuck). So, in Argentina, if you say &quot;Coge a esa muchacha&quot; you'll be in a really big mess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example: yesterday I was talking with a german girl, who learned Spain spanish. So, when the food was in the table she said &quot;que aproveche&quot; which is a spanish (from Spain) way to say &quot;enjoy your food&quot;. But, in Argentina we say &quot;provecho&quot;. Yet we totally understood her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of pronunctiation, yes it could be more difficult. But, the real problem appers when you talk with a (how can I say it?) &quot;really uneducated&quot; person, I mean almost analphabet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just practice. Practice, practice, practice ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="634" LastEditorUserId="634" LastEditDate="2012-03-28T14:25:37.203" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T14:25:37.203" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2012-03-28T14:07:19.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As they said above, &quot;vení&quot; is a word that virtually nobody use in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, we use it a lot. As the first answer said, it's the imperative form of &quot;venir&quot; but it's just use in countries in which the word &quot;vos&quot; (instead of &quot;tu&quot;) is frequently used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, you say, for example &quot;¡vení a ver eso!&quot;. It means &quot;come to see that!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other countries, you probably say &quot;ven a ver eso&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="634" LastEditorUserId="634" LastEditDate="2012-03-28T14:15:25.107" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T14:15:25.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2067" CreationDate="2012-03-28T15:08:58.637" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Mexican and it's a common phrase equivalent to &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;How about [x]?&lt;/strong&gt;. It is used to propose something and see what's the opinion of the listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 1&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Cómo ves si mañana vamos al cine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: Me parece muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 2&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Mañana tengo planeado que primero vayamos al cine, después vayamos a visitar a mi mamá a su casa y en la noche salimos a cenar. ¿Cómo ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: Pues yo preferiría no salir a cenar en la noche y mejor cenar en la casa de tu mamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common usage is just to ask an opinion about a situation or something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Mi hijo hace ejercicio todas las mañanas para mantenerse en forma. ¿Cómo ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: Qué bien, eso ademas es saludable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously is not a literal expression as the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;: If the expression were literal then it would be referring to what means do you use to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Cómo ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: ¡Pues con los ojos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T16:36:41.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2065" CreationDate="2012-03-28T15:09:58.880" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may not really be considered &quot;an answer&quot;. You've got better ones up there... Is just to tell my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell for sure that there are big differences in the name of foods and dishes. That makes sense, though, since is something usually very local.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am Spaniard, and I came to New York to perform an internship in a non-profit organization that is very linked to the Hispanic community in the Upper Manhattan. My boss was Puerto Rican, and my coworker was born in New York, but from a Dominican family (so all of them spoke Spanish perfectly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one occasion, my coworker was going to buy something in a grocery store nearby and she asked me if I wanted her to get me something. I felt like having some pork rinds (the snack) so I said... &quot;&lt;em&gt;Eeer... Ok, could you please bring me some &quot;&lt;code&gt;Tostones&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;. I gave her a couple of bucks and she left. She came back with deep fried plantains. I immediately saw what had happened, and I laughed. When I explained that what I actually wanted were pork rinds, she said &quot;&lt;em&gt;But you said &lt;code&gt;Tostones&lt;/code&gt;... What you're talking about are &lt;code&gt;Chicharrones&lt;/code&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Well... In Spain we don't usually eat fried plantains (as far as I know) and we don't call the pork rinds &quot;&lt;em&gt;Chicharrones&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but &quot;&lt;em&gt;cortezas de cerdo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (much closer to the English &quot;pork rind&quot;) or just &quot;&lt;em&gt;cortezas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the &quot;&lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt;&quot; thing mentioned in one of the replies above is very useful... You really should be careful with that!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T15:09:58.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2065" CreationDate="2012-03-29T00:55:30.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another example to add to the existing ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run a Spanish Club and we have members from almost every Spanish speaking country there is, and also non-natives that have learned in every different country. When we converse, there is never any difficulty in understanding each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; and some respond without vos and the conversations just goes on normally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often there are situations where someone says something that makes others laugh because of the difference in meaning, but the intentional meaning is always understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is not great proof as these people are more exposed to other Spanish speakers from different regions so they are more accustomed to the differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T00:55:30.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2076" CreationDate="2012-03-29T13:22:28.537" Score="9" ViewCount="1739" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Internet I've often come across to internationalized websites where they have things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remove file / Remover archivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always thought this translation may be done by someone who is not a native speaker, because at least in Spain the typical verbs for translating &quot;to remove a file&quot; are &quot;borrar&quot; or &quot;eliminar&quot;. So at least something like &quot;remueve ese fichero&quot; sounds very weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But RAE says this about &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=remover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remover&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay por qué censurar su empleo con los sentidos de ‘quitar [algo] de un lugar’ y ‘apartar [a alguien] de su cargo’, suponiendo, erróneamente, que se trata de un calco del inglés &lt;em&gt;to remove&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Librar a este país de ese hombre, eso era lo principal. Removido ese obstáculo [...], se abriría una puerta»&lt;/em&gt; (VLlosa &lt;em&gt;Fiesta&lt;/em&gt; [Perú 2000]); &lt;em&gt;«Sus jefes tendrían la facultad de designar o remover coroneles y capitanes»&lt;/em&gt; (Otero &lt;em&gt;Temporada&lt;/em&gt; [Cuba 1983]). Son acepciones tradicionales en español, ya presentes en el étimo latino: &lt;em&gt;«Tales deven ser removidos de la aministraçión fasta que fagan buena penitençia»&lt;/em&gt; (Cuéllar &lt;em&gt;Catecismo&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1325]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to know if in any country &quot;remover&quot; is the usual way of saying &quot;to remove&quot; when it means &quot;to eliminate&quot;. Is it generally widely used or quite uncommon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T08:33:30.827" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T07:19:43.810" Title="Is &quot;remover&quot; a good translation for &quot;to remove&quot;? Where is it used?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2075" CreationDate="2012-03-29T14:06:38.420" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Remover&quot;, meaning to eliminate something, is not uncommon and I don't think it's necessarily a calque or Spanglish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Off the top of my head, &quot;remueve hasta las manchas más difíciles&quot; (literally, &quot;removes even the hardest stains&quot;) is the slogan of a stain remover here in Argentina and sounds quite natural. &quot;Removido de sus funciones&quot; is a common euphemism to say someone has been fired (especially from a public office).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, &quot;remover un archivo&quot;, although perfectly understandable (and probably correct), sounds a tad odd to me (or at least, not very colloquial). I would use &quot;eliminar&quot; or &quot;borrar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T14:06:38.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2081" CreationDate="2012-03-29T17:11:12.620" Score="6" ViewCount="2616" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish class, I remember learning that &quot;stress&quot; (as in what someone who is coming up on a deadline feels) isn't commonly spoken of in Spanish-speaking countries for cultural reasons, but it can be translated by the &quot;Spanglish&quot; &lt;em&gt;estrés&lt;/em&gt;. Looking up &quot;stress&quot; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=stress&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; shows it can be translated &lt;em&gt;estrés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tensión&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;presión&lt;/em&gt;, and looking in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=estr%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; shows &lt;em&gt;estrés&lt;/em&gt; is actually an accepted word with that meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most common way of saying &quot;stress&quot; in Spanish-speaking countries? And how would other common expressions involving stress be translated, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is a very &lt;strong&gt;stressful&lt;/strong&gt; job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've been really &lt;strong&gt;stressed out&lt;/strong&gt; lately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T09:09:29.167" Title="Describing stress in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2079" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2080" CreationDate="2012-03-29T17:59:14.430" Score="13" ViewCount="5790" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the longest word in Spanish accepted by the Real Academia Española? What about words not officially accepted by the RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra en español más larga aceptada por la Real Academia Española? ¿Y la palabra no oficialmente aceptada por la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-04-01T14:04:00.397" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T03:05:29.950" Title="What is the longest word in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2012-03-29T18:29:32.303" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its difficult to give a reliable source for this, but searching in google it appears these words, for example in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estudiante.org/curiosidades-de-la-lengua-espanola/&quot;&gt;page&lt;/a&gt;. But it's difficult to say this because there are lots of technical terms which are difficult to list, because many of them can be formed by adding a lot of prefixes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longest word:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ciclopentanoperhidrofenantreno&lt;/strong&gt; (30 letters) - Sterane&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(31 letters in plural): Ciclopentanoperhidrofenantrenos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclopentanoperhidrofenantreno&quot;&gt;wikipedia entry for it&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longest accepted word by RAE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=Electroencefalografista&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Electroencefalografista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (23 letters) - An expert in Electroencephalography&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in plural it even has one letter more (24 letters) as electroencefalografistas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-03-29T18:37:22.217" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T18:37:22.217" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2078" CreationDate="2012-03-29T19:55:33.613" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I (Spaniard guy) would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is a very stressful job &lt;em&gt;- Éste es un trabajo muy estresante.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've been really stressed out lately. &lt;em&gt;- He estado muy estresado últimamente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample usage (veridical): I've got my mom fed up with my &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Ay!, ¡No me estreses!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; every time she tells me to clean my room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other approaches may include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un trabajo con mucha presión (&lt;em&gt;It's job with a lot of pressure&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajo bien bajo presión (&lt;em&gt;I work well under pressure&lt;/em&gt;... Erm... Unless an English speaking person understands that I function properly at great depths in the ocean, where the water pressure is high)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sufro mucha presión en el trabajo (&lt;em&gt;I'm very pressured at work&lt;/em&gt;) although if someone told me this, I would probably think that the pressure comes from an element non exactly job-related, but more like a nasty boss or something... (this is a very, very subjective detail, though)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="623" LastEditDate="2012-03-29T21:18:39.797" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T21:18:39.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2012-03-29T20:41:38.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was a kid they kept telling us at class that &quot;esternocleidomasteoideo&quot; (22 letters) was the longest word in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I can see it wasn't true :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just thought I should share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T20:41:38.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2012-03-29T22:45:30.947" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/writtenspanish/a/longest_word.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Superextraordinarísimo&lt;/code&gt;, (22-letters) was once listed as the word most often cited to be the longest in spanish. (It means &amp;quot;most superextraordinary&amp;quot;), however superextraordinarísimo seems arbitrary at best. For one thing, the word isn't in real use. As of this writing, a Google search shows not a single instance where the word was used on a Spanish-language Web site — except on pages listing what they called the longest Spanish words. And superextraordinarísimo has two other strikes against it: If one is going to create words by adding prefixes and suffixes, one could just as well make a 27-letter word by using the adverbial form, &lt;code&gt;superextraordinarísimamente&lt;/code&gt;. Or one could just as easily use longer root words, ending up with words such as superespectacularísimamente (&amp;quot;most superspectacularly&amp;quot;). But again they're &lt;strong&gt;hypothetical words&lt;/strong&gt; rather than ones that get legitimate use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the longest English word listed in an accepted dictionary is reported to be &lt;code&gt;pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis&lt;/code&gt;, a type of lung disease. Conversion of the word to Spanish, which is made easy by the fact that all the roots have Spanish cognates, presumably would be &lt;code&gt;neumonoultramicroscopicosiliciovolcanconiosis&lt;/code&gt; (45 letters), or something similar. But such words would probably be considered spurious rather than legitimate Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T22:45:30.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2078" CreationDate="2012-03-30T09:09:29.167" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;the most accurate term for that is, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2081/620&quot;&gt;Borrajax has said&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estresante&lt;/em&gt;, but you can also use other terms like &lt;em&gt;agobiante&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=agobio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agobio&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As RAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;agobio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Acción y efecto de agobiar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Sofocación, angustia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can translate those sentences as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este trabajo es muy agobiante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy estoy muy agobiado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T09:09:29.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2088" CreationDate="2012-03-30T13:34:25.237" Score="5" ViewCount="1658" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can a foreign speaker (where a &quot;foreign speaker&quot; speaks Spanish as a second language) effectively improve their spoken Spanish by improving their pronunciation and reducing their foreign accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, let's assume that the foreign speaker wishes to target a particular regional accent in Spanish. Let's take the pronunciation of a native from Madrid, Spain, as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: this is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/62739/what-are-some-effective-ways-a-foreign-speaker-can-improve-pronunciation-in-engl&quot;&gt;cross-post&lt;/a&gt; from the Stack Exchange site &quot;English Language and Usage&quot;.  I posted in both places because I expect the methods for improving pronunciation may differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="639" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2019-09-06T07:04:46.400" Title="What are some effective ways a foreign speaker can improve pronunciation in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-04T13:19:03.670" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2012-03-30T14:04:35.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I won't be very useful here, but without any &quot;scientific sources&quot; I'm going with the most obvious advice here: practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just talk with people that are from the place you want to speak as. If you can travel, you're going really improve your language skills visiting those places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for writting such a basic answer I haven't any other advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="634" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T14:04:35.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2012-03-30T14:29:27.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my personal experience, I can tell you that watching TV Series, Movies, Cartoons etc, and listening to music (of course all with the pronunciation you're aiming at) are good ways you can get an idea of how to pronounce many words, and as AirieFenix mentions, it's a matter of practicing and being consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T14:29:27.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2012-03-30T14:50:55.360" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an Spanish speaker struggling with English, and I can't do anything but recommend what I do when trying to improve my English pronunciation. I'm not sure if what I do is good, bad or just so-so... It's just what I do and what I can say based solely in my personal experience &lt;strong&gt;:)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to watch movies or TV shows in Spanish. In the case of the TV shows, for instance, I force myself to watch the episodes twice: Once with English subtitles (English in my case, since is the language I'd like to improve, Spanish for you) and then watch it again without subtitles. I would strongly recommend using the same language for the subtitles as the language you want to improve (Spanish soundtrack, use Spanish subtitles). Do not use a different language for your subtitles: It will drive you nuts, bored and it will probably create a useless mess in your brain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listen to the radio (or to podcasts that you may be able to pre-record in your mobile devices and listen in subways, trains...). Try to pick a subject that is interesting for you. You will pay more attention. Radio or podcasts are good because you won't have the visual aid of a TV show, and they'll force you to focus on the sound. I think newscasts or cultural programs are good choices, since the pronunciation is very clear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record yourself. Speaking of TV shows with subtitles, you can get sentences from those shows and try to say them yourself in front of a recording machine. Then you can listen to yourself and compare with the actual pronunciation in the show (This item is really, really fun... It'll probably leave you thinking that your pronunciation is crap! It happened to me... I thought my English pronunciation was awesome until I heard myself. I could barely believe that the sounds I was listening to were actually made by me)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to Spanish speaking people. Maybe you could try to get a &quot;&lt;em&gt;web conversator pal&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? using Skype or something similar. I've never checked, but there may be web sites that put in touch people who want to &quot;exchange conversations&quot;... An Spanish speaker may want to learn your mother tongue and chat with you. This may also help with something I've realized while learning English: It'll help you improve the way you convey the information. Spaniards are less direct (at least that's what I think) than Americans. If an American is presented with the question &quot;&lt;em&gt;Who do you love the most? Your daddy or your mommy?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, he will probably start his reply with &quot;&lt;em&gt;My [mommy | daddy ], because...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; whereas an Spaniard might start it with &quot;&lt;em&gt;It was a very beautiful day of spring... (half an hour of explanations)... and that's why I like my [mommy | daddy] the most&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. I still have serious difficulties conveying things in the American way (sounds rude to me), and I've realized that some Americans really don't understand what I'm trying to say when I go with the &quot;Beatiful day of spring&quot; mode. I've seen them making funny faces (like &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mmm... I'm not understanding this guy... It must be because of his accent&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) and start talking before I've reached my &lt;strike&gt;always valuable&lt;/strike&gt; conclusion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to visit an Spanish speaking country and communicate with the natives in Spanish. When you try to order something to eat in a noisy bar and they bring you an ashtray because they didn't get you, that will definitely force you to improve your pronunciation. &lt;em&gt;El hambre agudiza el ingenio&lt;/em&gt;, as we say in Spanish (&lt;em&gt;hunger sharpens your wits&lt;/em&gt;, or something like that).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be constantly trying to &quot;catch&quot; differences in pronunciation whenever you can (use &quot;reliable sources&quot; for that, though: make sure the people you're listening to have a great pronunciation). Here in New York I've met many foreigners who have been living in the city for decades and whose English is still very bad. Why? Well, I'm pretty sure it's because they've reached a level that allows them to communicate at an &quot;acceptable&quot; level (Americans might make them repeat what they're trying to say a couple of times, but they'll end up being understood) and that's good enough for those people. Avoid that. Stick with the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Good enough is just not good enough&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (as a car commercial here says).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Study a bit the pronunciation rules. We have a bunch of (in my opinion) crazy ones (like &lt;em&gt;ce, ci&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced &lt;em&gt;ze, zi&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;ca, cu, co&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced &lt;em&gt;ka, ku, ko&lt;/em&gt;... because some kind of historical reason) but once you know them, I would say they pretty much stay the same for all the words.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/634/airiefenix&quot;&gt;AirieFenix&lt;/a&gt; said, practice, practice and practice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T19:33:53.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2089" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2092" CreationDate="2012-03-30T19:29:01.730" Score="5" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many times, I have wanted to start a conversation or ask a question of a stranger who I have seen speaking Spanish.  Considering that I am in the United States, is it better to begin speaking in Spanish or English?  I don't want to offend someone by addressing them in Spanish and implying that they may not speak English.  I also don't want to start in English and then try switching to Spanish if they can't communicate well in English, which could seem more offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces, he querido empezar una conversación o preguntarle algo de un desconocido a quien he visto hablando en español.  Considerando que estoy en los Estados Unidos, ¿es mejor empezar hablando en español o en inglés? No quiero ofenderle a nadie por dirigirme a alguien en español y insinuar que no hable inglés.  Tampoco quiero empezar en el inglés y entonces tratar de cambiar al español si no puede comunicarse bien en el inglés, que podría parecer más ofensivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T23:36:56.070" Title="Which language do I use to address Spanish speaker in America?" Tags="&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;bilingüismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2012-03-30T19:49:38.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are a beginner, I would suggest reading aloud in addition to the suggestions mentioned in other answers. Read slowly and pay special attention to where you are placing the spoken accent on each word and on the proper pronunciation of each letter. Letters such as g, c, z, j, and h can be especially tricky when starting out.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, practice getting the correct sounds for the vowels.  We tend to be very &quot;lazy&quot; with our vowels in English.  Many of them are simply pronounced &quot;uh&quot; in many words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex.) mother - The 'o' is pronouned 'uh.'&#xA;                  carnival - The 'i' is an 'uh' sound.&#xA;                  memorable - The 'o' and 'a' can both be pronounced 'uh, and sometimes we leave the 'o' sound out completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another vowel tip is that English vowels tend to be drawn out, especially in the southern United States.  Make sure that your vowels are crisp and short when speaking Spanish.  Although, &quot;no&quot; is spelled the same in both languages, it is pronounced slightly different between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T19:49:38.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-30T20:17:04.650" Score="12" ViewCount="3047" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to learn words to talk to my baby at the playground in Spanish.  WordReference.com gives the following as part of its definition for &amp;quot;slide.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;slide 2 sustantivo 1. (in playground, pool) tobogán m, resbaladilla f (Méx), rodadero m (Col), resbalín m (Chi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the word &amp;quot;tobogán&amp;quot; does not have a regional qualifier, I would assume it is an acceptable word in any region.  Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trato de aprender palabras para hablar con mi bebé en el parque en español.  WordReference.com da lo siguiente como parte de su definición para &amp;quot;slide.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;slide 2 sustantivo 1. (in playground, pool) tobogán m, resbaladilla f (Méx), rodadero m (Col), resbalín m (Chi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que la palabra &amp;quot;tobogán&amp;quot; no tiene un calificador regional, supongo que es una palabra aceptable en cualquiera región. ¿Es verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T18:34:41.023" Title="Is &quot;tobogán&quot; an acceptable word for &quot;slide&quot; throughout the Spanish speaking world?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2089" CreationDate="2012-03-30T20:45:55.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've lived in the USA all my life, so this answer will reflect what I've been taught as being politically correct, and observed from the perspective of an American.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;best&lt;/em&gt; thing that you could probably do, would be to let the other person make the first move, and then decide (based upon how fluent their English is) if you want to switch to Spanish. Of course, this isn't always possible. If you have to start off the conversation, I think it would be best to begin with English, as it is language of the realm, and therefore the other person would, in the least, be expecting it. Once you have started communicating, if you see that their English is good, you may either simply stick with it, or at some point just mention that you speak Spanish and see where that takes you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If however the other person shows that they don't have the ability to communicate coherently in English, then you have no choice but to switch to Spanish. From what I've observed, it is generally customary to ask the person if they speak Spanish first (even if it is obvoious that they do.) Another method might be to switch languages by commenting on something, rather than directly addressing the person. Something as simple as &lt;code&gt;Está muy bonito el dia, ¿verdad?&lt;/code&gt; can make transitions much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've seen, most Spanish speakers won't be offended if you do switch to Spanish from English, although some may act a bit timid, until you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last point to consider is the fact that the other person will probably also be as anxious about trying to choose the right language to use in response to you. If they know some English, they may want to be polite and try to use it to make &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; feel comfortable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, it really depends on the situation you're in. Remember that the point of speaking is to communicate (that is, to share ideas, and learn new ones), whatever method will get you to that point is going to be the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T20:45:55.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2012-03-30T21:01:35.000" Score="9" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure in Spain we only use &lt;strong&gt;tobogán&lt;/strong&gt;. I have never heard the other words. I'm not sure if &lt;strong&gt;tobogán&lt;/strong&gt; is used in every Spanish speaking areas (so I'm not really fully answering your question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España estoy bastante seguro de que solamente utilizamos &lt;strong&gt;tobogán&lt;/strong&gt;. Nunca he escuchado las otras palabras. No estoy seguro de si &lt;strong&gt;tobogán&lt;/strong&gt; se utiliza en todo el mundo hispanohablante, así que no estoy contestando tu pregunta del todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T15:19:09.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2012-04-02T13:26:14.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, &lt;code&gt;tobogán&lt;/code&gt; is a valid word, however (at least as Northern Mexico is concerned) &lt;code&gt;tobogán&lt;/code&gt; usually refers to a considerably big enough slide (Regardless of water, there's a few of those big slides in a couple parks in the city where I live) like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UVNOZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a part of daily conversation, I'd use &lt;code&gt;resbaladilla&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;resbaladero&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;tobogán&lt;/code&gt; when refering to a playground slide, but I wouldn't consider it wrong or anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T13:26:14.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2012-04-02T20:29:31.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the southern parts of Mexico (I'm form Puebla) &lt;code&gt;tobogán&lt;/code&gt; is only used for water slides while &lt;code&gt;resbaladilla&lt;/code&gt; is used for a non-water slide (regardless of size)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="589" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T20:29:31.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2054" CreationDate="2012-04-05T14:13:21.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possible of translation is &lt;code&gt;obsesionante&lt;/code&gt;, whose nearest English equivalent would be &lt;code&gt;obsessive&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:27:18.400" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:27:18.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2100" CreationDate="2012-04-05T23:36:43.373" Score="6" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know what would be a correct translation for a &quot;&lt;code&gt;licensed file&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, as in &quot;&lt;em&gt;Requesting a download for a licensed file&lt;/em&gt;&quot; I just don't know what is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Archivo licenciado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Archivo con licencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Archivo bajo licencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="643" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-04-06T09:01:40.210" LastActivityDate="2012-04-06T20:09:44.740" Title="What is the correct translation for &quot;licensed file&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2012-04-06T11:04:58.503" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una que es bastante cómica es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hipopotomonstrosesquipedaliofobia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que, no sin cierta ironía, significa: Miedo irracional a la pronunciación de palabras largas, científicas o poco comunes en el lenguaje coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="645" LastActivityDate="2012-04-06T11:04:58.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2098" CreationDate="2012-04-06T20:09:44.740" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to see what a licensed file means in your case, but in any case I would say any of the three answers you suggested are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They sound right to me anyway, although I would personally use &quot;archivo con licencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-06T20:09:44.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2107" CreationDate="2012-04-08T12:52:55.687" Score="2" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero traducir esta frase al inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los permisos &lt;strong&gt;no se acumulan&lt;/strong&gt; durante la configuración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de momento lo traduje así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The permissions &lt;strong&gt;are not accumulated&lt;/strong&gt; during the configuration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no sé si lo que estoy diciendo con esta frase es, por contra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los permisos &lt;strong&gt;no están acumulados&lt;/strong&gt; durante la configuración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿&quot;They are not accumulated&quot; sirve tanto para decir &quot;no se acumulan&quot; como &quot;no están acumulados&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T09:37:33.993" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T09:39:00.460" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;no se acumulan&quot; en inglés? ¿Es correcto decir &quot;are not accumulated&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-10-07T09:40:16.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2101" CreationDate="2012-04-08T16:34:48.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two sentences are different, but the difference is very subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in this case would refer to the state of the permissions during the configuration (in other words, more of a description), and using the reflexive verb would indicate the action of accumulation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that in this particular case, &lt;code&gt;no se acumulan&lt;/code&gt; would be a more precise utterance, though using &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; wouldn't seem unnatural to anyone. (It would simply cause a slightly, and largely ignorable, difference in interpretation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="649" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:18:09.253" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:18:09.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2106" CreationDate="2012-04-09T03:35:47.327" Score="3" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possible translation of the sentence &quot;&lt;code&gt;Hicieron usted su tarea para hoy?&lt;/code&gt;&quot; could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Did you do your homework (for) today?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;code&gt;hicieron&lt;/code&gt; is the preterit of &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; for third person plural, so why is the sentence not something such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hicieron ustedes sus tarea para hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="650" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-09T05:40:52.567" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T08:01:23.957" Title="Can someone help deconstruct the sentence &quot;Hicieron usted su tarea para hoy?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2105" CreationDate="2012-04-09T03:42:11.750" Score="15" ViewCount="1675" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel le dio a su novia un anillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel gave a ring to his girlfriend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think that there would be no need for the &quot;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, since the direct object (his girlfriend) is in the sentence. My understanding is that &quot;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is the 2nd person formal direct object pronoun and is used to replace the direct object object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone explain this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="650" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-02-07T12:19:00.247" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T15:49:28.770" Title="What is the role of the &quot;le&quot; in the sentence &quot;Miguel le dio a su novia un anillo.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;redundancia&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2012-04-09T05:54:42.400" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dative&lt;/a&gt; pronoun. You are correct in assuming it is redundant, &lt;em&gt;as it actually is. :)&lt;/em&gt; Wikitionary has a very interesting &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/le#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entry&lt;/a&gt; on the subject that treats upon it in a usage note. It reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note that when a sentence contains a noun that is an indirect object, a &lt;strong&gt;redundant&lt;/strong&gt; indirect object &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; (or its plural form &lt;code&gt;les&lt;/code&gt;) is also &lt;strong&gt;required&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo le daré el libro a Jorge.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (literally, &quot;&lt;em&gt;I will give &lt;code&gt;him&lt;/code&gt; the book &lt;code&gt;to Jorge&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;where him/le corresponds to Jorge. This type of pronoun is &lt;strong&gt;obligatory.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short it's &lt;strong&gt;redundant&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;required&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, the rule given by Wiktionary is an oversimplification because, as you can see in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronombres personales átonos - 5.2&lt;/a&gt;, the presence of the clitic pronoun is not really mandatory in all situations. But, if you follow it, that is, if you always duplicate the indirect object with such clitic pronouns, you will always end up with correct sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T12:21:44.843" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T12:21:44.843" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2103" CreationDate="2012-04-09T06:11:12.753" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿hicieron usted su tarea para hoy?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say, for the third person plural the correct way to say it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hicieron ustedes su tarea para hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T06:11:12.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2101" CreationDate="2012-04-09T06:17:23.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal esto?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Permissions do not accumulate during configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O podría ser también (no tan literal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Permissions are not stacked during configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="651" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T09:39:00.460" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T09:39:00.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2103" CreationDate="2012-04-09T08:01:23.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you may omit the subject (in this case, &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;) when the verb hints at it (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sujeto_t%C3%A1cito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sujeto tácito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), so the commonly used form is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hicieron su tarea de hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Why not &lt;code&gt;¿Hicieron su tarea para hoy?&lt;/code&gt;?.  Let me explain the difference with another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Construyeron el muro &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; María?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; means to ask if the wall built was intended &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; María or not, while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Construyeron el muro &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; María?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; means to ask if María's wall was indeed built.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;With this in mind, you can now see that the alternative in gray is asking whether [they] did their homework &lt;em&gt;intending it for&lt;/em&gt; today, rather than if [they] did today's homework or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality, both questions will be perfectly understood, it's just that one is not entirely correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Regarding your question&lt;/strong&gt; about why &lt;code&gt;su tarea&lt;/code&gt; and not &lt;code&gt;sus tarea&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first part (&lt;code&gt;hicieron [ustedes]&lt;/code&gt;) is plural, but the direct object &lt;code&gt;su tarea&lt;/code&gt; is singular because &lt;code&gt;tarea&lt;/code&gt; is commonly used as a collective word (just as you don't say &lt;code&gt;homeworks&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me pose a different example for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tienes tu llave?  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;// Do you &lt;em&gt;[one person]&lt;/em&gt; have your key?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tienes tus llaves?  // Do you &lt;em&gt;[one person]&lt;/em&gt; have your keys?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^ Here it is clear that the individual subject is asked first for a single key and then for multiple keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tienen su llave?  &amp;nbsp;// Do you &lt;em&gt;[people]&lt;/em&gt; have your key?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^ Even with plural subject, it is clear that the question asks for everyone to have &lt;em&gt;exactly one key&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, singular direct object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tienen sus llaves?  &amp;nbsp;// Do you &lt;em&gt;[people]&lt;/em&gt; have your keys?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that this last question is now (slightly) ambiguous in both languages.  It could mean to ask for one single key per person (they collectively have keys), or it could mean that every individual might have multiple keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this is not very surprising, analyzing this could help you understand the translation to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As a last note, a teacher that left multiple assignments, who wants to clearly emphasize that fact &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hicieron sus tareas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="651" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T08:01:23.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2012-04-09T14:54:15.000" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker I want to point out that not having '&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;' in there sounds broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the reason it's required is because you can have sentences without specific targets like this: &quot;&lt;code&gt;Yo di mi anillo.&lt;/code&gt;&quot; &quot;I gave my ring.&quot; This has a kind of &quot;broad&quot; flavor, in that not only does the meaning lack a specific target, there is also a suggestion of the target being an abstraction, as in something like &quot;I gave my ring to charity.&quot; (This is the flavor I get from it). If you put a 'le' in there, it becomes &quot;&lt;code&gt;Yo le di mi anillo.&lt;/code&gt;&quot; &quot;I gave to him/her my ring.&quot; Which is a completely different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, leaving out the 'le' starts the meaning off in a different direction than what the rest of the sentence does. So even in the case where it's redundant, you can think of 'le' as a kind of punctuation that keeps the meaning of the sentence from veering off into a targetless one before you've completed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case it's not so much a matter of linguistic precision as it is a way of keeping the meaning consistent while the sentence is being read or spoken. That's my take on it anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="652" LastEditorUserId="652" LastEditDate="2012-04-09T14:59:38.647" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T14:59:38.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1875" CreationDate="2012-04-09T19:40:52.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The lyrics are written as poetry, a translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your eyes are like tree parties, they're my window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're stars that guide my caravan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since poetry uses lots of figures of speech (metaphors, metonymy, synecdoche, etc), it's not always easy to make sense out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="651" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T19:40:52.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2113" CreationDate="2012-04-09T20:15:47.770" Score="5" ViewCount="646" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an idiomatic equivalent in Spanish for “to have other fish to fry”? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;have other fish to fry: &quot;To have more important things to do&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the two romance languages I am familiar with, this idiom is related to cats:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In French: &lt;em&gt;avoir d'autres chats à fouetter&lt;/em&gt; - to have other cats to whip &lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Italian: &lt;em&gt;avere altre gatte da pelare&lt;/em&gt; - to have other cats to skin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="626" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:50:10.173" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:50:10.173" Title="Is there an idiomatic equivalent in Spanish for “to have other fish to fry”" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2112" CreationDate="2012-04-09T20:42:26.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't think of anything else than the literal to &quot;to have more important things to do&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Tener cosas más importantes que hacer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fish and cats idioms are surely not directly translatable into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T20:42:26.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2012-04-10T03:13:19.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading about the Indirect Object, I think the answer is that in the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel le dio a su novia un anillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel's girlfriend is the indirect object and not the direct object as I had stated in the question. In that case, &quot;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is the correct indirect object pronoun to be used, to give direction to the action of giving of the ring (like amr said above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="650" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T15:32:49.487" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T15:32:49.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2115" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-10T05:50:21.463" Score="4" ViewCount="1150" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el término correcto para &quot;performance car&quot; en español? Esos autos que modifican o que construyen especialmente para carreras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="626" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T18:44:12.390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T10:58:31.450" Title="&quot;Performance car&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2117" CreationDate="2012-04-10T06:26:12.837" Score="6" ViewCount="3676" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a proper way to say &quot;time out&quot; in Spanish? I've just been using the English word with my son, which he understands, but I'd like something en Español, if something other than a literal translation could be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T10:49:50.357" Title="Putting a child in &quot;time out&quot; en Español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2116" CreationDate="2012-04-10T07:02:31.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know what's most used while talking about the technique is the literal translation &quot;Tiempo fuera&quot; but talking to the child, specially if they're very youg &quot;ir al rincón/a la silla de pensar&quot; or whatever place you use fo your kid times out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T07:02:31.873" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2115" CreationDate="2012-04-10T07:13:45.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen &quot;automóvil&quot; or &quot;coche de alto rendimiento&quot;, but we generally use &quot;coche de carreras&quot; for all cars used in sports events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That what I'll say at least, but I admit I'm not very into cars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T07:13:45.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2120" CreationDate="2012-04-10T21:57:57.793" Score="18" ViewCount="19085" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was translating a sentence for school en Español and I came across the word &quot;&lt;code&gt;people&lt;/code&gt;.&quot; I looked it up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/#auto%7Ces%7Cpeople%0A&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; and it gave me &quot;&lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt;&quot; and also &quot;&lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt;.&quot; What is the difference between the two, and the use case for each of these nouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:31:19.283" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T20:40:23.667" Title="What is the difference between &quot;personas&quot; and &quot;gente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2119" CreationDate="2012-04-11T01:20:53.517" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;The distinction is easier to see when you consider things in terms of countability. In this sense, &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt; is the plural of &lt;code&gt;persona&lt;/code&gt;, refers to &lt;em&gt;many people&lt;/em&gt;, and can be used when counting. On the other hand &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt; is a singular noun, refers to &lt;em&gt;a group of people&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;many people in general&lt;/em&gt;  and usually isn't used when specifing numbers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example in terms of counting:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;○&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Hay veinte &lt;em&gt;personas&lt;/em&gt; en esa casa.&quot; =&gt; &quot;There are twenty (individual) persons in that house.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Hay veinte gente en esa casa.&quot; =&gt; &quot;There is (a whole of) twenty people in that house.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example in terms of not counting:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;○&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Toda la &lt;em&gt;gente&lt;/em&gt; está esperando pacientemente.&quot; =&gt; &quot;All (of) the people (as a whole) are waiting patiently.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;One last thing to note is that while &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;isn't&lt;/em&gt; interchangeable with &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt;, the opposite isn't necessarily true. In cases where emphasis or more formality is desired, &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt; can be used without specifying a number. Thus in the second example, the sentence could also be written as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;○&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Todas las personas están esperando pacientemente.&quot; =&gt; &quot;All (of) the (individual) persons are waiting patiently.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is perfectly valid, but sounds a bit awkward for daily use. Regional usage will differ in this fact, I'm sure. That said, &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt; can make a good fallback if you're unsure whether or not you should use &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-04-12T19:44:32.903" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T19:44:32.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2121" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2124" CreationDate="2012-04-11T03:07:32.200" Score="30" ViewCount="9440" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you're in a situation where you have a formal/business relationship with someone, but the relationship has become more familiar over time.  The other person continues to call you &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.  How can you politely ask them to begin referring to you in the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form?  Is it ever inappropriate (by situation or geography) to ask to be referred to in the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form instead of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-04-12T21:37:56.380" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T02:58:04.340" Title="How do I ask someone not to call me &quot;usted&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2012-04-11T05:00:33.447" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say in a cheerful tone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes hablarme de tú. &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(You may speak to me informally)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be helpful to precede the sentence with an encouragement word, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Vamos! Háblame de tú. &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(Come on! Talk to me informally)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that this applies particularly to Latin-American Spanish speakers.  Some parts of Spain (and Argentina!) could be more conservative regarding the use of 'tú' and instead use the older 'vos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="651" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T05:00:33.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2012-04-11T09:14:42.797" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt; means precisely that. Example: &lt;em&gt;&quot;oh por favor, tutéame&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T09:14:42.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2012-04-11T12:55:23.420" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we would say either of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trátame de tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tutéame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, in a more indirect way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me trates de usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of them in a cheerful manner and usually accompanied by the perceptive &amp;quot;por favor&amp;quot; if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T12:55:23.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2012-04-11T20:19:46.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that both of you are using “usted” with each other. In that case, in my opinion, it's inappropriate to address them using “tú”, even if it's to ask them to use “tú” towards you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should just politely propose that you start using “tú” between each other. Some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nos tuteamos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no nos tuteamos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya podríamos tutearnos, ingeniero, ¿no le parece?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the situation is asymmetric, and you already treat them with familiarity, then use some of the proposals in the other answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tutéame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T20:19:46.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2127" CreationDate="2012-04-11T20:54:52.137" Score="13" ViewCount="3522" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/#en|es|Account&quot;&gt;English &gt; Spanish&lt;/a&gt; translation  of &lt;em&gt;account&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; comes up with various forms of the word &lt;code&gt;cuenta&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/#es|en|Cuenta&quot;&gt;Spanish &gt; English&lt;/a&gt; translation of &lt;code&gt;cuenta&lt;/code&gt; returns words relating to financial transactions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word I want refers to account information that you might find on a website, such as username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt; Google account, Facebook account, Twitter account, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="659" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2015-03-23T19:18:46.587" Title="What is the spanish translation for &quot;Account&quot; when referring to a user account on a website?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2126" CreationDate="2012-04-11T21:13:52.843" Score="17" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context, the word &lt;code&gt;account&lt;/code&gt; could be translated as &lt;code&gt;cuenta&lt;/code&gt;. One could use it in expressions such as &lt;code&gt;cuenta de usuario&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;user account&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Facebook&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Google&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Twitter&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples of Usage:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://accounts.google.com/Login?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuentas de Google&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/#!/twitter_es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Twitter en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;code&gt;account&lt;/code&gt; en este contexto se traduce como &lt;code&gt;cuenta&lt;/code&gt;. Se dice &lt;code&gt;cuenta de usuario&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;user account&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Facebook&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Google&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;cuenta de Twitter&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://accounts.google.com/Login?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuentas de Google&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/#!/twitter_es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Twitter en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="660" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T22:57:50.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-12T01:08:32.310" Score="7" ViewCount="1514" Body="&lt;p&gt;When referring to an &lt;em&gt;earthquake&lt;/em&gt;, are &lt;code&gt;temblor&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;terremoto&lt;/code&gt; perfect synonyms? Are there any differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="662" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:29:46.553" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:04:59.720" Title="&quot;Earthquake&quot;: When to use &quot;temblor&quot; and &quot;terremoto&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2128" CreationDate="2012-04-12T01:58:10.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt; is a low-intensity &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt;; therefore, in the general case, an earthquake is a &lt;em&gt;terremoto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T01:58:10.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2128" CreationDate="2012-04-12T02:08:16.517" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main distinction is generally in terms of &lt;em&gt;magnitude&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;temblors&lt;/code&gt; are generally lighter eathquakes that cause little to no damage. (See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/temblor#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;temblor - Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;.) On the other hand a &lt;code&gt;terremoto&lt;/code&gt; is usally a more severe earthquake. As a rough approximation I'd say anything below a 6.5 on the Richter scale would probably be called a &lt;code&gt;temblor&lt;/code&gt;, while anything stronger would be refered to as a &lt;code&gt;terremoto&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A second distinction that is also important to note is that while &lt;code&gt;terremoto&lt;/code&gt; specifically refers to earthquakes (e.g. shifting and vibrations that come from &lt;em&gt;within the earth&lt;/em&gt;), a &lt;code&gt;temblor&lt;/code&gt; could be any type of shaking (of the ground.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;○&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;La explosión de la bomba fue tan fuerte que un &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt; que duró más de 10 segundos resultó! =&gt; &lt;em&gt;The explosion of the bomb was so strong, that a quake (of the earth) that lasted more than 10 seconds resulted.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;La explosión de la bomba fue tan fuerte que un &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt; que duró más de 10 segundos resultó! =&gt; &lt;em&gt;The explosion of the bomb was so strong, that a (seismic) quake that lasted more than 10 seconds resulted.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The second sentence in the above example sounds a bit awkward (but it might be acceptable depending on regional usage.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T02:08:16.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2135" CreationDate="2012-04-12T09:51:45.977" Score="6" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As part of my masters in linguistics, I am taking a course on the subject of irony. We were given examples of sentences that are most likely ironic, as the English sentence &quot;he is not exceptionally smart&quot; (which has the structure &quot;he is not exceptionally X&quot;). This does not mean literally that he is smart at an exceptional level, but rather, ironically, that he is very stupid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there similar constructions in Spanish, preferably ones that involve superlatives and negations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como parte de mi maestría en lingüística, estoy tomando un curso cuyo tema es la ironía. Nos dieron ejemplos de oraciones que son principalmente irónicas, como la oración &quot;he is not exceptionally smart&quot; (que contiene la estructura &quot;he is not exceptionally x&quot;). Esto no tiene el significado literal que la persona es inteligente a un nivel excepcional, sino más bien que es muy tonta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen construcciones similares en Español, preferentemente que involucren superlativos y negaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="626" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T15:53:51.587" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T15:53:51.587" Title="Ironic constructions in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2131" CreationDate="2012-04-12T11:03:53.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he is not exceptionally X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es especialmente X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es muy dado a X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can also use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he's not very X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es muy X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T11:03:53.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2131" CreationDate="2012-04-12T11:17:54.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He is not exceptionally X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es la persona más X que he conocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He is not exceptionally intelligent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es la persona más inteligente que he conocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be even a bit more ironic, add &quot;precisamente&quot; to the sentence, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es precisamente la persona más inteligente que he conocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T07:16:51.503" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T07:16:51.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2128" CreationDate="2012-04-12T14:31:58.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí, la diferencia más importante entre terremoto y temblor es que la primera se refiere inequívocamente al fenómeno geológico, mientras que la segunda es mucho menos específica, y por tanto puede hacer referencia a más significados. Sin contexto, o sin un contexto claro, &quot;temblor&quot; debe estar seguida de &quot;de tierra&quot;, para que sea interpretada inequívocamente como  terremoto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T14:31:58.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2131" CreationDate="2012-04-12T14:48:36.453" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos estos ejemplos pueden incluir ironía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con negación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es muy listo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muy muy rápido no es.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es muy guapa, que digamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin negación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Fernando? Sí, listísimo, vamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, guapísima. [Pero tienes que transmitir la ironía con el contexto, el tono de voz, o la expresión facial.]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T14:48:36.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2116" CreationDate="2012-04-12T15:02:33.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no especifiquen que van a tener que permanecer castigados en un sitio concreto, yo diría que las más utilizadas, en el castellano de España, son: &quot;Estás castigado&quot;, o simplemente &quot;¡castigado!&quot;, o &quot;castigado contra la pared&quot; (en las aulas de clase. Esta sí especifica el lugar) o &quot;¡castigado! ¡A tu habitación!&quot; (también lo especifica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;tiempo fuera&quot; no se la he oído a nadie que haya crecido en España. Mirad estos enlaces:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=tiempo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=tiempo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=fuera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=fuera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encontraréis en ellos ninguna referencia a &quot;tiempo fuera&quot;, ni a castigar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, la expresión es &quot;estás castigado&quot; (seguida o no de si especificamos dónde tiene que cumplir el castigo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="657" LastEditDate="2012-04-13T10:49:50.357" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T10:49:50.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2112" CreationDate="2012-04-12T15:05:25.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tener otras cosas que hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tener cosas más importantes que hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:24:56.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="123" CreationDate="2012-04-12T15:22:39.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estrictamente, la traducción de &quot;I should have told you earlier&quot; es &quot;debería habértelo/habéroslo dicho antes&quot;, pero las otras tres formas que has escrito (&quot;debí&quot;, &quot;debiera&quot; y &quot;debía&quot;) también se corresponden con la misma expresión inglesa. No veo gran diferencia entre ellas. En España, &quot;debería&quot; es la más habitual, seguida a pocos metros de &quot;debí&quot; y &quot;debía&quot;, y con &quot;debiera&quot; a la cola (suena pedante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T15:22:39.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2012-04-12T15:47:21.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &quot;le&quot; es redundante y NO es obligatorio escribirlo. &quot;Miguel dio a su novia un anillo&quot; es 100% correcta. Siendo redundante, cuando lo añadimos, es simplemente por costumbre, o para adelantar que la versión de &quot;dio&quot; que vamos a utilizar es una que admite complemento indirecto (y ese complemento indirecto puede haber aparecido anteriormente, y formar parte del contexto, o puede aparecer en la frase en cuestión --causando que el &quot;le&quot; sea redundante--).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En (por ejemplo) &quot;Juan dio un volantazo&quot; (he turned the steering wheel very abruptly), ese &quot;dio&quot; no admite complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T15:47:21.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1950" CreationDate="2012-04-12T15:51:09.560" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si tu coche tiene una baca (esa estructura metálica en forma de parrilla que puedes colocar sobre el techo de un automóvil, para llevar encima equipajes) mal atornillada, encima de la baca llevas una vaca (cosa difícil, pero lingüísticamente posible), y en una curva pierdes ambas, imagino que puedes decir (oralmente) &quot;salieron despedidas las [b/v]acas&quot; (los sonidos [b] y [v] son idénticos en castellano), pero no puedes escribirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="657" LastEditDate="2012-04-14T19:06:38.107" LastActivityDate="2012-04-14T19:06:38.107" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2144" CreationDate="2012-04-12T18:27:09.157" Score="6" ViewCount="1273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually use the possessives &lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mío&lt;/code&gt; interchangeably. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta es la casa mía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta es mi casa. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, do the two have different connotations? (e.g. is one more formal or used more in certain regions?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I used &lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mía&lt;/code&gt; as examples, but this would also apply to &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;suyo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt;, vs. &lt;code&gt;tuyo&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="599" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-04-12T21:40:28.903" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T00:05:27.227" Title="Do mi and mío have different connotations?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2012-04-12T19:15:14.890" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Esta es la casa mía&quot; may be correct, but I've never heard it from the lips of any native Spanish speaker. We always say &quot;esta es mi casa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use the form &quot;mía&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If someone asks &quot;¿de quién es esa casa?&quot;, and you answer &quot;mía&quot;, or &quot;es mía&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In sentences like &quot;ese es tu vaso y este, el mío&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(In many other cases.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="657" LastEditDate="2012-04-12T19:25:00.557" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T19:25:00.557" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2012-04-12T20:49:19.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta casa es mía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es mi casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is the same. I would say that example 1.) emphasizes more who does the house belong to. Pretty much like &lt;code&gt;my&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mine&lt;/code&gt;, I believe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use 2.) in a more casual way, something like &lt;code&gt;Look! This is my house&lt;/code&gt; whereas 1.) is more for &lt;code&gt;This is mr. Smith's house, that is mrs. Robinson's, but next house is mine.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="664" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:17:45.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2075" CreationDate="2012-04-12T22:45:48.230" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, &quot;remover&quot; nunca significa &quot;to remove&quot;. Aquí decimos &quot;borrar&quot;, o &quot;eliminar&quot;. Para nosotros, &quot;remover&quot; significa dar vueltas, con ayuda de algún utensilio, a un líquido o una mezcla, para homogeneizarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T22:45:48.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="504" CreationDate="2012-04-13T09:43:27.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, es &lt;code&gt;tener ganas de X&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo ganas de verte, la próxima semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:24:35.220" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:24:35.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2154" CreationDate="2012-04-13T10:40:59.597" Score="7" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to find a good translation for the term &quot;blob&quot; as used regularly in computer vision, when describing a rough outline of the tracking element as a result of a segmentation algorithm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know blob has a literal translation in &quot;borrón&quot; or &quot;mancha&quot; but these don't quite match the meaning in this case. Also I need a more &quot;scientific&quot; term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T15:30:24.280" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T09:06:22.083" Title="&quot;Blob&quot; in computer vision" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2148" CreationDate="2012-04-13T11:05:04.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si de verdad te refieres al &quot;outline&quot;, yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contorno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te refieres al interior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elemento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Individuo (si dentro de la zona segmentada sólo existe una repetición de algo, y ese algo está o estuvo vivo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bloque (no me gusta tanto, para la aplicación que dices).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T11:05:04.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2012-04-13T14:50:29.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina &lt;code&gt;tobogán&lt;/code&gt; is the common word, almost exclusively (never heard of &lt;code&gt;resbaladilla&lt;/code&gt; or the alternatives).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T14:50:29.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-04-13T18:23:30.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Paraguay dijimos &quot;chulina&quot;, pero no sé si tiene sentido en otros lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-04-15T17:47:41.170" LastActivityDate="2012-04-15T17:47:41.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2148" CreationDate="2012-04-13T19:40:52.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now, BLOB stands for &lt;em&gt;Binary Large Object&lt;/em&gt;, which is a backronym invented by Informix, you &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cvalde.net/misc/blob_true_history.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;can see here&lt;/a&gt;, originally the term was used to describe &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blob&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the thing that ate Cincinnatti, Cleveland, or whatever&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which known as &quot;la masa devoradora&quot; in Spain and &quot;La mancha voraz&quot; in Latin America, so I'd say there's not a good translation unless you want to use &quot;mancha&quot; or &quot;masa&quot;, so I'd stick to using blob...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T19:40:52.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="123" CreationDate="2012-04-14T07:36:37.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should have (Debería haber)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should have told you earlier (Debería habertelo dicho antes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Debería&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;debí&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;debiera&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;debía&amp;quot; are conjugations for the verb &amp;quot;deber&amp;quot; for different tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/Esverbs.aspx?v=deber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugation table&lt;/a&gt; for the verb &amp;quot;deber&amp;quot; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="665" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T18:20:37.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2148" CreationDate="2012-04-14T10:48:39.130" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you do not need a translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different usages of the language develop its own private vocabulary (it affects from research, IT and medicine to plumbers and administrative work). In IT in particular, there are lots of loan words from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Spanish speaking people in your field widely know and use the term &lt;code&gt;blob&lt;/code&gt;, it is better to use it than to try to translate (&quot;un calco&quot;) with a mainstream Spanish word that does not have the technical meaning that you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I would not tell one of my fellow programmers that &quot;esta función devuelve una cadena (o una corriente, o un arreglo)&quot;; I would tell them that &quot;esta función devuelve un String (o un Stream, o un array)&quot;. They are more likely to understand me if I use the latter way. Otherwise, when I am out of the technical language, speaking of everyday events, I would tell them that &quot;ayer tropecé con una cadena&quot; y no que &quot;ayer tropecé con un string&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, the fact that a mainstream word from English can be translated in a mainstream word from Spanish does not mean that you ought to (or should) do the translation when using the same word in a technical concept (think of words like &quot;robot&quot; -which means work in Hungarian-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T15:31:27.713" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T15:31:27.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2012-04-14T16:21:05.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tobogán&lt;/code&gt; is indeed the universal Word for the slides, so you can go to any Spanish speaking country and say it, will be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="666" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:18:48.473" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:18:48.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2157" CreationDate="2012-04-14T22:59:18.830" Score="9" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;How could one translate the expression &quot;to go well with&quot; in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tequila shots go well with strawberry ice cream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:12:33.493" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:12:33.493" Title="What would be a good translation of &quot;to go well with&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2156" CreationDate="2012-04-14T23:49:03.573" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain se use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;pegar con&quot; -&gt; Ese gorro no te pega con la blusa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;ir bien con&quot; -&gt; Ese vino va bien con el solomillo de ternera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For food and drinks I'd use the second option better, which is a literal translation of &quot;to go well&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-04-15T17:41:45.157" LastActivityDate="2012-04-15T17:41:45.157" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2161" CreationDate="2012-04-16T01:36:44.890" Score="8" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several phrases, most of which are easily distinguished by context, that have very similar, if not the exact same pronunciation.  The distinction I'm curious about is a single vowel in a word such as &quot;le&quot; or the double vowel in &quot;lee&quot; for example.  Another example would be ¿Qué vas a ser? and ¿Qué vas a hacer? with the single 'a' in the first example and the 'a ha' in the second.  I know in some dialects the 's' in ser and the 'c' in hace would be different, but I'd like to know specifically if there is a difference in the vowels.  Do you draw out the sound a little longer if there is more than one of the same vowel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T18:35:30.217" Title="Is there a difference in the pronuciation of a single vowel or multiple vowels in a row?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2158" CreationDate="2012-04-16T08:25:29.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference in the pronuciation of a single vowel or multiple vowels in a row?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you draw out the sound a little longer if there is more than one of the same vowel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, exactamente. Esa es la manera oficial de pronunciarlas. En &quot;lee&quot;, pronuncias un sonido &quot;e&quot; de doble duración, y en &quot;a hacer&quot;, pronuncias una &quot;a&quot; de doble duración. En este segundo caso, si además estás separando las palabras (porque, por ejemplo, estés contándolas en voz alta), pronunciarás dos sonidos &quot;a&quot; separados. En un ámbito coloquial, o cuando hablas deprisa, o cuando no hay peligro de confusión, o cuando habla alguien que no cuida mucho su pronunciación, puedes perfectamente pronunciarlas u oírlas con duración simple (de una sola vocal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, no hay problema, porque suelen ser únicas las palabras que cuadran con los sonidos pronunciados. Pero en casos como [boialabar], si no hay contexto, puede no quedar claro si estamos diciendo &quot;voy a lavar&quot; o &quot;voy a alabar&quot;. Lo habitual es pronunciar [boialabar] o [boi a labar] si estamos queriendo decir &quot;voy a lavar&quot; y [boiaalabar] o [boi a alabar] si estamos queriendo decir &quot;voy a alabar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="657" LastEditorUserId="657" LastEditDate="2012-04-16T09:08:23.280" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T09:08:23.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2158" CreationDate="2012-04-16T10:46:37.497" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;When 2 vowels appear in a row in he same word &lt;strong&gt;they belong to different syllables&lt;/strong&gt; (there's an hiatus on them). So you would pronounce a longer sound but you have to take into account that you should make the stress in the stressed syllable of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Le&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Lee&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le: one syllable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lee: 2 syllables (&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;-e)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case &amp;quot;Le&amp;quot; has only one syllable but &amp;quot;lee&amp;quot; has 2. So you have to make the 2 syllables in &amp;quot;lee&amp;quot; stressing the &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; syllable. So the sound will likely sound as a longer &amp;quot;e&amp;quot; sound which starts stressed but finished unstressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Cree&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Creé&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cree (present of verb &amp;quot;creer&amp;quot;): 2 syllables (&lt;strong&gt;cre&lt;/strong&gt;-e)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creé (past of verb &amp;quot;crear&amp;quot;): 2 syllables (cre-&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case both words have 2 syllables but the stressed one changes. So in &amp;quot;cree&amp;quot; the long &amp;quot;e&amp;quot; sound starts stressed and finishes unstressed but in &amp;quot;creé&amp;quot; it's in the opposite way (starts unstressed but finishes stressed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens when you have 2 words in a row and one finished with the same vowel sound as the next one. For example the one you give in your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a hacer (&lt;strong&gt;a ha&lt;/strong&gt;-cer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the sound of &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; is linked and you'd usually pronounced them without any pause between them and as both are stressed the sound is the same as &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; sound just a bit longer. When there's no change in stress between the syllables the sound is not as long as when you have to stress one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T18:35:30.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="123" CreationDate="2012-04-16T15:39:48.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you should know that &quot;should have&quot; translates as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;deber haber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and not as &quot;deber de haber&quot;. &quot;Deber de&quot; is only used to express probability, and as you are asking for &quot;should have&quot; as in &quot;I should have told you earlier&quot; we cannot use &quot;deber de&quot; because &quot;should have&quot; is not about probability, but &quot;obligation&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have a look about this in this topic: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/769/whats-the-difference-between-debe-de-y-debe&quot;&gt;What&amp;#39;s the difference between &amp;quot;debe de&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;debe&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;or in the DPHD: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=deber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=deber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your second question would be about &quot;debería&quot;, &quot;debí&quot;, &quot;debiera&quot;, &quot;debía&quot;, without &quot;de&quot; preposition. Let's have a look at them. To have a better understanding of the subtle differences, I'll change the person of the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should have told me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías habérmelo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debería&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debería&quot; (condicional simple) states condition, although we rarely say the condition, it's guessed easily from the context. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías habérmelo dicho [para que hubiera comprado más comida].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debería haber estudiado más [para aprobar el examen].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debiera&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debiera&quot; (imperfecto de subjuntivo) is polite and modest, a way to express courtesy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debieras habérmelo dicho antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debería&quot; and &quot;debiera&quot; are interchangeable, the latter is formal or (very) respectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con los verbos modales querer, poder, deber, saber, el condicional&#xA;  simple puede ser sustituido por el imperfecto de subjuntivo&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debí&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debí&quot; is the pretérito perfecto simple, so it's use would be as you would normally use that tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debíste habérmelo dicho &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that here &quot;antes&quot; fits perfectly with the use of pretérito perfecto simple (aka pretérito indefinido) as the time is already finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tone of this tense is quite direct, like when one is angry or a mom telling off her child.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debía&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This use of pretérito imperfecto makes the sentences not so aggressive, like when you are asking something: &quot;quería saber si...&quot; rather than &quot;quiero saber si...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debías habérmelo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, again, &quot;debí&quot; and &quot;debía&quot; are interchangeable, it's just about the tone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up, the four of them are interchangeable, and you should use them according to the tone of the context. If you are using the first person like in your example, the differences of the tone are gone because it's quite weird you are trying to be polite with you, but note that you could say &quot;¡debí habértelo dicho antes!&quot; if you want to express that you are mad to you because you forgot to tell your friend and the consequences are quite bad. In normal situations, when using other than the first person, especially the second, you would use options 1 and 4 (&quot;deberías&quot; and &quot;debías&quot;) as they are quite neutral and polite. Leave 3 &quot;debiste&quot; in situations when you really want to note something, you are angry or upset. Finally, 2 &quot;debieras&quot; is quite uncommon, and you could use it when you don't want to upset the other person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, deberías saber que &quot;should have&quot; se traduce como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;deber haber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y no como &quot;deber de haber&quot;. &quot;Deber de&quot; solo se usa para expresar probabilidad, y como preguntas por &quot;should have&quot; como en &quot;I should have told you earlier&quot; no podemos usar &quot;deber de&quot; porque &quot;should have&quot; no indica probabilidad, sino &quot;obligación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes echar un vistazo sobre esto en esta pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/769/whats-the-difference-between-debe-de-y-debe&quot;&gt;What&amp;#39;s the difference between &amp;quot;debe de&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;debe&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;o en el DPHD: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=deber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=deber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, tu segunda pregunta sería sobre &quot;debería&quot;, &quot;debí&quot;, &quot;debiera&quot;, &quot;debía&quot;, sin la preposición &quot;de&quot;. Echémosles un vistazo. Para entender mejor los distintos matices cambiaré la persona de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should have told me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías habérmelo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debería&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debería&quot; (condicional simple) indica condición, aunque rara vez decimos la condición; se deduce fácilmente por el contexto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías habérmelo dicho [para que hubiera comprado más comida].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debería haber estudiado más [para aprobar el examen].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debiera&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debiera&quot; (imperfecto de subjuntivo) es más educado y modesto, una manera de expresar cortesía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debieras habérmelo dicho antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debería&quot; y &quot;debiera&quot; son intercambiables, el último es formal o (muy) respetuoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con los verbos modales querer, poder, deber, saber, el condicional&#xA;  simple puede ser sustituido por el imperfecto de subjuntivo&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debí&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debí&quot; es el pretérito perfecto simple, por lo que su uso sería como normalmente usarías ese tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debíste habérmelo dicho &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta de que aquí &quot;antes&quot; encaja perfectaente con el uso del pretérito perfecto simple (o pretérito indefinido) porque el tiempo (durante el cual se tenía que haber realizado la acción) ya se ha terminado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tono de este tiempo verbal es bastante directo, como cuando uno está enfadado o un una madre le regaña a su hijo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;debía&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso del pretérito imperfecto hace que la frase no sea tan agresiva, como cuando preguntas algo: &quot;quería saber si...&quot; en vez de &quot;quiero saber si...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debías habérmelo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, de nuevo, &quot;debí&quot; y &quot;debía&quot; son intercambiables, tan solo es cuestión del tono.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, los cuatro son intercambiables, y deberías usarlos según el tono del contexto. Si estás usando la primer persona como en tu ejemplo, las diferencias del tono desaparecen porque es bastante raro intentar ser educando contigo mismo, pero date cuenta de que podrías decir &quot;¡debí habértelo dicho antes!&quot; si quieres expresar que estás enfadado contigo porque se te olvidó decírselo a tu amigo y las consecuencias son algo malas. En situaciones normales, cuando uses algo distinto de la primera persona, especialmente la segunda, usarías más las opciones 1 y 4 (&quot;deberías&quot; y &quot;debías&quot;) ya que son bastante educadas y neutras. Deja 3 &quot;debiste&quot; en situaciones donde realmente quieres hacer notar algo, estás enfadado o disgustado. Por último, 2 &quot;debieras&quot; es bastante poco común y lo podrías usar cuando no quieras disgustar al interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T09:46:49.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2164" CreationDate="2012-04-16T23:21:09.767" Score="7" ViewCount="1725" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a shorter or more common word for &lt;code&gt;refrigeradora&lt;/code&gt; in Mexico and the southern parts of the US? I find it a cumbersome and difficult word to say in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otra manera de decir &lt;code&gt;refrigerador&lt;/code&gt; en el español de Mexico y del sur de los EEUU? Es muy difícil y me cuesta mucho decirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T01:15:19.143" Title="Shorter/alternate version of refrigerator" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2163" CreationDate="2012-04-16T23:34:44.667" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Monterrey, Mexico in informal speech we just say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;refri&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, however the RAE doesn't have an entry for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La comida está en el refri.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it is used in all places of Mexico but according to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20111028171340AAwMLSm&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; (Yahoo! Answers Mexico) and its answers it might be used in other places of Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-04-16T23:48:41.377" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T23:48:41.377" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2163" CreationDate="2012-04-17T06:14:12.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we don't say &quot;refrigerador&quot; but &quot;frigorífico&quot; or, more commonly, &quot;nevera&quot;, which is short enough. I don't know if it works for Mexico, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you can shorten &quot;frigorífico&quot; with &quot;frigo&quot;, although I think you won't hear that very often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-17T06:14:12.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2163" CreationDate="2012-04-17T07:40:32.753" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Frigo&lt;/code&gt; is the most usual term in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:24:05.580" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:24:05.580" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2168" CreationDate="2012-04-18T13:26:15.670" Score="14" ViewCount="2825" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the origin/etymology of these words? The only one that I know and it is common is &lt;code&gt;reloj&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any others recognized by the RAE?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T09:44:27.130" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T08:33:26.340" Title="What's the origin of words ending in the letter &quot;j&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2167" CreationDate="2012-04-18T14:00:57.070" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/reloj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Reloj&quot;&lt;/a&gt; originally comes from latin &quot;horologium&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read that the &quot;j&quot; ending is a result of Catalan &quot;relotge&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of another word ending in &quot;j&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/carcaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;carcaj&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which means &quot;quiver&quot;, as in the container used to carry arrows. Apparently this comes from French &quot;carcais&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?carcaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this website&lt;/a&gt; they list some words ending in &quot;j&quot; although I would say only &quot;reloj&quot; and &quot;carcaj&quot; are actually used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T09:50:30.317" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T09:50:30.317" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2171" CreationDate="2012-04-18T20:51:53.927" Score="11" ViewCount="1870" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching the Barcelona-Chelsea game just now, and Messi almost scored a goal in the last minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot;he was so close&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi estuve cerca de meter un gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also -- if I'm not asking too much -- how do you say &quot;a close game/match&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="613" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-04-18T21:19:57.147" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T15:31:06.167" Title="Translation of &quot;so close&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2169" CreationDate="2012-04-18T21:00:33.907" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi estuvo cerca de meter un gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option, perhaps more common in Spain is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi estuvo a punto de meter un gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even emphasize with &quot;a puntito&quot; instead of &quot;a punto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T21:00:33.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2169" CreationDate="2012-04-18T21:05:43.213" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2169/tranlation-of-so-close#2170&quot;&gt;@kelmer&lt;/a&gt; answer you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=poco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por poco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mete un gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=casi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;casi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mete un gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Messi &lt;strong&gt;ya mero&lt;/strong&gt; mete un gol. (apparently only used in Mexico as per comments also there is no entry for this usage in the RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a close game&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be &quot;un juego &lt;strong&gt;reñido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;un juego &lt;strong&gt;parejo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. You can add &quot;muy&quot; to emphasize e.g. &quot;muy reñido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from Mexico so I don't know if this applies to every Spanish speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T15:31:06.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2169" CreationDate="2012-04-19T14:35:36.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it's used throughout the Spanish speaking world, but at least where I live (Argentina), a very idiomatic way to say &quot;so close&quot; is &quot;ahí nomás&quot;. So, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Messi estuvo ahí nomás de meter un gol.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T14:35:36.297" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="479" CreationDate="2012-04-20T08:12:14.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Sobar' is used also as &quot;to knead&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a &quot;sobadito&quot; could means a biscuit of dough well kneaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="379" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T08:12:14.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2012-04-20T11:18:20.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are. This whole advertising campaing was based on that. It's one of the most remembered campaings in Argentina and &quot;tapa rosca&quot; has since become a nickname for someone who can't thrill the R here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7OTCZyEmWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7OTCZyEmWc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T11:18:20.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2318" CreationDate="2012-04-21T04:24:21.250" Score="10" ViewCount="4942" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I saw a bus stop advertisement that read&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;$5 pesos hacen la diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lQfsQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this proper form?  In English, that would be incorrect and redundant.  &quot;$5 dollars&quot; would read as &quot;5 dollars dollars&quot; (or &quot;$5 pesos&quot; would be &quot;5 pesos pesos&quot;, etc).  Correct form would be either simply &quot;$5&quot; or &quot;5 dollars.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume the same is true in Spanish, but on a &quot;professional&quot; sign like this one, it causes me to do a double-take and wonder if this form is accepted in Spanish writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-21T17:35:30.883" LastActivityDate="2012-10-21T17:32:05.837" Title="Is &quot;$5 pesos&quot; proper form in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2012-04-21T12:51:57.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Supo&lt;/code&gt; seems more like a verb, while &lt;code&gt;sabia&lt;/code&gt; is more a statement of fact. So I think the more verby word in this case enables a more &quot;active&quot; narrative style, the kind that you would use if you were sharing gossip. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="652" LastActivityDate="2012-04-21T12:51:57.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-04-21T17:33:29.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. It would be redundant. Putting asside the fact that a dollar is not a peso (and it's something that has mistaken me in New York a lot), it would be strange seeing &quot;&lt;em&gt;5€ euros&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually even 5 Euros (spelling the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;Euros&lt;/em&gt;&quot; out) would be a bit strange to see on a billboard (at least to me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-04-21T17:33:29.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2181" CreationDate="2012-04-21T19:18:57.120" Score="9" ViewCount="45739" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo con mi amiga de Argentina, y ella me habló de su nuevo trabajo.  Ella dijo que tenía que tomar un curso de capacitación, pero veo la palabra &quot;formación&quot; en lugar a veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;formación&quot; y &quot;capacitación&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:29:10.267" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T00:31:05.877" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;formación&quot; y &quot;capacitación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2180" CreationDate="2012-04-21T19:29:27.637" Score="8" ViewCount="1229" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se pide la opinión de alguien sobre un tema o actividad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por ejemplo, en ingles se dice:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you think about __________?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-04-22T00:15:36.347" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T10:38:26.790" Title="¿Cómo pedir la opinión de alguien?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2179" CreationDate="2012-04-21T23:41:07.013" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=opinar&quot;&gt;opinas&lt;/a&gt; (acerca) de &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=pensar&quot;&gt;piensas&lt;/a&gt; (acerca) de &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es tu opinión (acerca) de &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;acerca&quot; can be ommited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué opinas &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; la liberacion femenina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensas &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; la gente que trabaja en la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es tu opinión &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; las empresas que permiten trabajar desde casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also replace &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=acerca&quot;&gt;acerca de&lt;/a&gt;&quot; with &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=sobre&quot;&gt;sobre&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué opinas &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; la liberacion femenina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensas &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; la gente que trabaja en la noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es tu opinión &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; las empresas que permiten trabajar desde casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-04-22T00:11:17.020" LastActivityDate="2012-04-22T00:11:17.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2012-04-22T01:12:21.563" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pueden ser sinónimos, pero hay diferencia de matiz. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Formación&quot; es más amplio, y se emplea para la educación en general. &quot;Capacitación&quot; suele usarse en sentido más restringido, para un entrenamiento o curso orientado a una actividad específica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Formación&quot; apunta más a lo cultural o intelectual; &quot;capacitación&quot;, a lo técnico o laboral. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Formación&quot; suele estar más relacionado con la teoría, &quot;capacitación&quot; con la práctica (repito:  la diferencia no es tajante, es sólo un matiz). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &quot;formación&quot; suele implicar mucho tiempo: años de estudio (&quot;educación&quot;), o al menos de actividad que aporta experiencia; la &quot;capacitación&quot; suele aludir a una instrucción preliminar, acotada, destinada a desarrollar una tarea concreta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2012-04-22T01:19:24.363" LastActivityDate="2012-04-22T01:19:24.363" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2184" CreationDate="2012-04-23T15:31:35.123" Score="10" ViewCount="1274" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a clear case where &quot;al&quot; cannot be replaced with &quot;a el&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al mirarlo, sonrió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T20:45:46.997" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T20:45:46.997" Title="When is &quot;al&quot; not interchangeable with &quot;a el&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2185" CreationDate="2012-04-23T16:03:02.247" Score="8" ViewCount="3087" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is my understanding that &quot;you look good&quot; translates as, &quot;te ves bien&quot; and that you see well  (as in, your vision is good) can be said as &quot;tu ves bien.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, saying you smell good and your sense of smell is good, are both &quot;tu hueles bien,&quot; while based on the previous example I would think &quot;you smell good&quot; would be &quot;te hueles bien.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this just an inconsistency of the language/a manner of expression, or is there some structure/logic to it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T14:01:18.847" Title="&quot;You look good&quot; versus &quot;You smell good&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2182" CreationDate="2012-04-23T16:43:59.337" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put this answer into simplest terms: No, &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; can't always replace &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitive&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;infinitive&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; of a verb, &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;em&gt;upon&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;when&lt;/em&gt;. The pattern for this usage would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al &amp;lt;&lt;em&gt;infinitive of X&lt;/em&gt;&gt; &amp;lt;&lt;em&gt;result Y&lt;/em&gt;&gt; =&gt; Upon X, Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Al llegar a mi casa, voy a dormir. =&gt; When I get home I'm going to sleep.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Al alcanzar su meta, se retiró. =&gt; Upon reaching his goal, he retired.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In this sense &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; doesn't mean &lt;em&gt;when&lt;/em&gt; in a habitual sense (e.g. &lt;em&gt;whenever&lt;/em&gt;.) In those cases &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cuando#Spanish&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cuando&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; would be preferred.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; clause doesn't necessarily need to be placed first in the sentence, and for stylistic purposes, it can be moved around. That said, in plain speech it will almost always be the first element in the sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this usage it &lt;em&gt;can not&lt;/em&gt; be interchanged arbitarily with &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt;. Oddly enough though, very few dictionaries make mention of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Google Answers: ... Al before Infinative Verb.&quot; Web. 23 Apr. 2012. &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=483418&quot;&gt;http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=483418&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-04-24T00:16:56.950" LastActivityDate="2012-04-24T00:16:56.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2183" CreationDate="2012-04-23T17:28:35.073" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;Te ves bien&quot; is an expression, probably influenced by English (I might be wrong here), that some Latin American countries use to say &quot;you look good&quot;. We don't use that in Spain, we rather say &quot;Estás guapo/a&quot;, &quot;Tienes buen aspecto&quot; or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applying a strict semantical analysis on &quot;te ves bien&quot; would conclude it means &quot;you can see yourself well&quot; as in &quot;you have a clear sight of yourself&quot;. In fact, I, being a Spaniard, know it means &quot;You look good&quot; because I've learnt that Latin American countries use it in that way, not out of direct inference after reading the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same manner that you don't say &quot;Te sabes bien&quot; when saying &quot;You taste good&quot; but &quot;sabes bien&quot; (I know it's an unlikely phrase but it's technically possible), you don't say &quot;te hueles bien&quot; but rather &quot;hueles bien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;te ves bien&quot; is the exception, and besides it's only used in some countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I explained myself :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2012-04-23T17:28:35.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2182" CreationDate="2012-04-23T18:08:09.697" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some proper nouns that start with &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; don't contract.  Back in the day, I worked near a taquería called El Pelón, and we'd say &lt;em&gt;Vamos a El Pelón&lt;/em&gt;.  But if you're in Chilangolandia and are taking a day trip to the mountains south of the city, you'd say &lt;em&gt;Vamos al Ajusco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern for proper nouns, therefore, seems to be whether &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; is capitalized or not.  (I'm not entirely sure about this, and would appreciate confirmation or refutation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2012-04-23T18:08:09.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2012-04-23T20:49:59.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Formacion&quot; refers to GENERAL &quot;formation&quot; or education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Capacitation&quot; refers to giving &quot;capacity&quot; in one specific area, such as art, athletics, maths, mechanics, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-04-23T20:49:59.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2190" CreationDate="2012-04-25T04:14:22.753" Score="9" ViewCount="3953" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción literal de &quot;screen name&quot; – un nombre de usuario para un servicio en línea – es &quot;nombre de pantalla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se utiliza eso comúnmente? ¿O se utiliza otra frase en su lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-04-27T12:11:25.040" LastActivityDate="2012-04-27T12:11:25.040" Title="¿Cómo se dice la expresión &quot;screen name&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2188" CreationDate="2012-04-25T05:52:49.027" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nota: Esta respuesta supone que &amp;quot;screen name&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;username&amp;quot; son sinónimos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las versiones en español de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&amp;amp;returnto=Wikipedia%3APortada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Youtube&lt;/a&gt;, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.twitter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Twitter&lt;/a&gt; usan el término &lt;code&gt;nombre de usuario&lt;/code&gt;, y creo que es la forma más común. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordpress.com en Español&lt;/a&gt; usa la palabra inglés &lt;em&gt;username&lt;/em&gt;. También he visto la palabra &lt;code&gt;usuario&lt;/code&gt; usado en algunos contextos, pero es menos formal y no es tan común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: This answer assumes that &amp;quot;screen name&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;username&amp;quot; are synonyms.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish versions of &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&amp;amp;returnto=Wikipedia%3APortada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Youtube&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.twitter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Twitter&lt;/a&gt; use the term &lt;code&gt;nombre de usuario&lt;/code&gt;, and I believe that's the most common form. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordpress.com in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; just uses the English word &lt;em&gt;username&lt;/em&gt;. I've also seen the word &lt;code&gt;usuario&lt;/code&gt; used in some contexts, but this seems less formal and isn't quite as common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T05:52:49.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2188" CreationDate="2012-04-25T11:30:34.377" Score="9" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel propone dos buenas traducciones con &quot;nombre de usuario&quot; y &quot;usuario&quot; cuando &quot;username&quot; y &quot;screen name&quot; son sinónimos. Sin embargo, puede que en tu caso no lo sean. Esto sucede cuando una cosa es el nombre de usuario (username o ID), es decir, con el que inicias sesión y estás registrado en el sistema, y otra cosa es &quot;screen name&quot;, el nombre en pantalla, es decir, un nombre del usuario que aparecerá en pantalla en vez de su nombre de usuario. Por ejemplo, cuando el usuario escribe un comentario, en vez de aparecer su &quot;username&quot; &lt;em&gt;jperez&lt;/em&gt;, aparecería su &quot;screen name&quot;, &lt;em&gt;Juan Pérez&lt;/em&gt;. Aquí en StackExchange se llama &quot;display name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es tu caso, yo traduciría &quot;screen name&quot; como &quot;nombre en pantalla&quot;, me suena haberlo visto así en algunos sitios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel suggests two good translations &quot;nombre de usuario&quot; and &quot;usuario&quot; when &quot;username&quot; and &quot;screen name&quot; are synonyms . However, it might not be your case. This happens when one thing is the username or ID, that is, your login name and the one with you are signed in the system, and other thing is the screen name, that is, a user name that will appear on the screen instead of the &lt;em&gt;username&lt;/em&gt;. For example, when the user posts a comment, instead of appearing his &quot;username&quot; &lt;em&gt;jperez&lt;/em&gt;, we would see his &quot;screen name&quot;, &lt;em&gt;Juan Pérez&lt;/em&gt;. Here in StackExchange they call it &quot;display name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is your case, I would translate &quot;screen name&quot; as &quot;nombre en pantalla&quot;, I think I saw it like this in some sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-04-25T11:59:29.600" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T11:59:29.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2179" CreationDate="2012-04-25T18:34:12.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear and use frequently &quot;¿Qué te parece si ...&quot; (South, Central American; Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="689" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T18:34:12.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2156" CreationDate="2012-04-25T18:37:35.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;And in the context of colors one would say (in the sense of matching) &quot;hacer juego con ...&quot;; e.g. &quot;Esta blausa hace juego con mis zapatos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="689" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T18:37:35.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2195" CreationDate="2012-04-25T19:08:39.743" Score="7" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just listening Manu Chao's marvelous song, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JMrxyv8B_8&amp;amp;feature=related&quot;&gt;Me Quedo Contigo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&#xA;The question is - sometimes (not only in this song) it's sounds like last S in some words (ideas, ellas, siglos, ojos, labios etc.) is muted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a dialect or something? How widely this pronunciation is accepted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="210" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T13:38:41.857" Title="Are there cases when I can mute last s?" Tags="&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2194" CreationDate="2012-04-25T19:24:51.007" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's dialectal, but very widespread. In many parts of Southern Spain and South America it's common to omit the last &quot;s&quot;. It's never correct in standard Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="507" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-26T03:08:07.180" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T03:08:07.180" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2183" CreationDate="2012-04-26T00:09:14.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I beg to differ from kelmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;Te ves bien&quot; is actually the literal translation for &quot;You look good&quot; however this is used as a general term.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mom can say to you &quot;Te ves bien&quot; as well dressed for a job interview.&#xA;Somebody at the office can say &quot;Te ves bien&quot; as a sarcasm for a coworker trying to impress the boss. -to say the least-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your significant other can say to you  &quot;Te ves bien&quot; as a compliment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning can go different ways depending on the context you use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answering your question, &quot;Tu ves bien&quot; either in the form of a question,  suggestion or affirmation means that other person sight is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;more formally &quot;TU TE VES BIEN&quot; is the same as &quot;TE VES BIEN&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smell is quite ambiguous &quot;you smell good&quot; can mean that your nose is working fine or other person's aroma is nice, and again, it depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As kelmer, I hope I made myself clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T00:09:14.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2194" CreationDate="2012-04-26T00:15:47.650" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Caribbean countries barely pronounce the ending S at all, Colombians, Cubans, Puerto Ricans. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manu Chao is quite a case. Since he (or mano negra / Former band) sings in French, Spanish, Portuguese, English and even in a dialect used between France, Spain and Portugal, which I can't remember the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically speaking, when you write it THE S MUST GO, there are no exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-26T13:38:41.857" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T13:38:41.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-04-26T00:58:27.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember that ads are for the masses. Yes, $5 pesos would be redundant if found in a book, but the street? People, I guess, would not mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-04-26T13:37:17.913" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T13:37:17.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="555" CreationDate="2012-04-26T19:48:52.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually both are linguistically and grammatically identical and correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the country you are listening that it would be more common to use one or the other but there is no difference whatsoever, in this particular context, in which you would use one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, in some other contexts it will be the case in that &quot;Supo&quot; means &quot;Found out&quot; and you could say it in very many ways since Spanish is a very rich language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T19:48:52.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2131" CreationDate="2012-04-26T20:12:23.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something very common in Mexico would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;List, listo, lo que se dice listo no es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could be loosely translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He is not exactly what people would call smart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T11:07:07.847" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T11:07:07.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1042" CreationDate="2012-04-27T00:06:07.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creer is &lt;em&gt;to believe&lt;/em&gt; and pensar is &lt;em&gt;to think&lt;/em&gt;. The former is more intuitive, the latter is more cerebral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creí and Pensé are past preterite forms and refer to what you believed or thought at a single POINT in time, in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creía and pensaba are past imperfect froms and refer to what you believed or thought over a PERIOD of time, in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Creí X en el ano 2000. =&gt; I believed X in the year 2000.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Creía Y cuando era joven. =&gt; I believed Y when I was young.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-04-27T04:38:56.323" LastActivityDate="2012-04-27T04:38:56.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1042" CreationDate="2012-04-27T03:18:16.640" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without getting too much into proper grammar the simplest way to describe them would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having &quot;Creer&quot; / Believe (verb) as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Have something plausible or truthful about something that might not be proven otherwise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Trust in someone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Think, judge, suspect something or be biased by it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creí que&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; When you have something for certain; you are expressing your opinion on a situation /thought that already has happened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creía que&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; Your judgment or opinion about something were changed by someone / something that made you change that believe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Thinking or having the feeling that something is in a certain way,  might not be the same as the process of the mind to think and it is used the same way as &quot;creer&quot; &quot;creía&quot; forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thinking as used in a believe form is more like the gutsy way, not the actual brains / neurons (or the process of thinking ) doing what they're supposed to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope made myself clear&#xA;Greetings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-04-27T04:37:01.257" LastActivityDate="2012-04-27T04:37:01.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1042" CreationDate="2012-04-27T09:57:33.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple answer: all mean the same, &amp;quot;I had this idea in the past&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer: In the context of &amp;quot;I had this idea in the past&amp;quot; in English happens the same, you can choose between &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;. In Spanish, just use the translation of what you would use in English for that context, it's the same, I guess from indo-european roots. So, for &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; use &amp;quot;creer&amp;quot; and for &amp;quot;think&amp;quot; use &amp;quot;pensar&amp;quot;. (I learned this because I had your same doubt when I had to choose in English between &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;, so I usually think the sentence in Spanish, and it works.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the tense, usually you can use both, it's a matter of context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensaba/creía que vendrías a la fiesta [porque me dijiste que querías verme].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé/creí [en ese momento] que vendrías a la fiesta [pero ya no lo pienso/pensé más].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use both as the idea is always the same: &amp;quot;I had the idea you would come&amp;quot;. For choosing a tense, you need more context, which usually you don't have it. Use imperfecto and indefinido as in situations you would use it (action is finished...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, if you hear &amp;quot;pensar&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;creer&amp;quot; think them in English. About the tense, you don't have to worry if you don't have more context, always means &amp;quot;I had the idea&amp;quot;, and the person talking uses one depending of his/her ideas. If you want to say it, think in English. For the tense, if it's not a situation that is clear which one to choose, then any pick of them and you will be right (I always say creía/pensaba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-04-27T09:57:33.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1472" CreationDate="2012-04-27T10:05:51.887" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es una respuesta precisa, sí te puede dar una idea del origen. &quot;Cabo&quot; en este caso significa &quot;fin&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=cabo&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=cabo&lt;/a&gt; así que está repitiendo lo mismo, está intensificando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se da una pista sobre el origen de expresiones similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=41918#168275&quot;&gt;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=41918#168275&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En alguna otra ocasión —cuando, por ejemplo, nos hemos referido a&#xA;  expresiones tales como de a pa, de ciento en viento y otras análogas—&#xA;  he manifestado mi opinión de que estamos en presencia de frases hechas&#xA;  que empleamos cuando queremos cargar la intención sobre una idea&#xA;  —aquí, la de ausencia de elementos superfluos—. En esos casos, solemos&#xA;  expresar la idea dos veces y así nacen fórmulas geminadas de&#xA;  encarecimiento o intensificación. Entre ellas, &lt;em&gt;de modo y manera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;al&#xA;  fin y al cabo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de golpe y porrazo&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-04-27T10:05:51.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2207" CreationDate="2012-04-27T22:39:46.153" Score="7" ViewCount="6676" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish class I learned that the right way to say &quot;by the way&quot; in Spanish was &lt;em&gt;a propósito&lt;/em&gt;, but I've recently seen it translated &lt;em&gt;por cierto&lt;/em&gt;. How exactly are these two Spanish phrases used, and are they universal through the Spanish-speaking world? Which is a more accurate way of translating &quot;by the way&quot; (to introduce different but related new topic of conversation)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-05-26T18:48:52.623" Title="Translation of &quot;by the way&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2206" CreationDate="2012-04-28T00:10:06.147" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por cierto&quot; and &quot;a propósito&quot; are synonymous. Both can be correctly translated as &quot;by the way.&quot;  Neither are too formal nor too slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker I can say both terms are widely accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-04-28T03:53:18.743" LastActivityDate="2012-04-28T03:53:18.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2208" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2209" CreationDate="2012-04-28T19:12:40.737" Score="9" ViewCount="2962" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I tell people when my wife's due date is? I usually say something like &quot;el bebé se debe nacer el cuatro de junio&quot; but I don't know if that's the correct way to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user267" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:13:29.343" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:13:29.343" Title="How should I discuss my wife's due date?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2208" CreationDate="2012-04-28T20:32:51.573" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost, but &quot;nacer&quot; is not reflexive, so it's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El bebé debe nacer el cuatro de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also people use &quot;esperar&quot; (expect):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo esperamos (el bebé) para el cuatro de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: As Laura says, another way is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mujer sale de cuentas el cuatro de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-09T07:11:07.370" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T07:11:07.370" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2206" CreationDate="2012-04-28T21:33:54.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They're basically synonymous but have SLIGHTLY different meanings. &quot;A propósito&quot; seems a bit closer to &quot;by the way.&quot; &quot;Por cierto&quot; is more like &quot;certainly,&quot; or &quot;surely,&quot; and is a bit more emphatic. I might &quot;translate&quot; it as &quot;BY THE WAY&quot; [emphasis added].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: &quot;Por cierto&quot; is NOT commonly used as &quot;certainly&quot; in Spain, and we are still trying to determine whether or not it is used this way in parts of the &quot;New World.&quot; But the as far as we can determine, the &quot;authorities&quot; permit this usage. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2211/true-meaning-of-por-cierto#comment3515_2211&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;True&amp;quot; meaning of &amp;quot;por cierto&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T13:30:05.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2211" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2212" CreationDate="2012-04-29T16:32:53.650" Score="20" ViewCount="18834" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always thought of the expression of &quot;por cierto&quot; as meaning &quot;certainly&quot; or &quot;surely.&quot; It certainly &quot;looks&quot; that way (for certainly). And even Google Translate gives it that meaning, as well as &quot;by the by&quot; (which is similar to &quot;by the way&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet when I used this as an answer on another question (since deleted), a native speaker said that it is NEVER used as &quot;surely&quot; or &quot;certainly&quot; in Spain. And the answer was down voted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused. What's going on? Is &quot;Por cierto&quot; somehow a &quot;false friend&quot; word? Or is this an acceptable translation in Mexico and/or some South American countries, even though this might not be the case in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am an American who has learned &quot;New World&quot; Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T04:18:07.637" LastActivityDate="2019-12-31T16:55:39.780" Title="&quot;True&quot; meaning of &quot;por cierto&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;false-friend&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2211" CreationDate="2012-04-29T17:35:24.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltObtenerHtml?LEMA=cierto&amp;amp;SUPIND=0&amp;amp;CAREXT=10000&amp;amp;NEDIC=No#por_cierto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;at the RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;por cierto&quot; has both meanings of &quot;certainly&quot; and &quot;by the way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't know this until I had a look at it. Here in Spain we only use it as &quot;by the way&quot;. So it seems that it also has the meaning of &quot;certainly&quot; in other Spanish speaking countries in America, but not in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T04:16:38.140" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T04:16:38.140" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1042" CreationDate="2012-04-29T21:01:02.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first, the comparison has to be between &quot;creí + pensé&quot; versus &quot;creía + pensaba&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for regular and daily usage, &lt;em&gt;creía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pensaba&lt;/em&gt; are more common when you are talking about the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pensé&lt;/em&gt; define a very specific moment: &lt;em&gt;Aquel día, pensé que me moría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pensaba&lt;/em&gt; refer to a belief/thought you had, but changed your mind: &lt;em&gt;Creía que era imortal, pero ya no estoy seguro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="695" LastEditorUserId="695" LastEditDate="2012-04-29T22:36:46.387" LastActivityDate="2012-04-29T22:36:46.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2229" CreationDate="2012-04-30T14:31:42.083" Score="9" ViewCount="1589" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just learend the conditional and past subjunctive. Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had a million dollars, I would buy a big house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tuviera un millón dolares, compraría una casa grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm just wondering how I would say it in present tense. A friend told me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I have a million dollars, I will buy a big house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tengo un millón dolares, compraré una casa grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If she is correct, why is it &lt;code&gt;tengo&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;tenga&lt;/code&gt;? Aren't we expressing uncertainty/doubt here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="613" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-05-11T01:02:38.163" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T01:02:38.163" Title="Forming a conditional clause in present and present tense" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2214" CreationDate="2012-04-30T14:44:11.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because I'm a Spanish native speaker I don't exactly remember the grammatical explanation so I'll go my best of explaining how these two forms are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Tenga&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is some kind of a conditional form, not present, for example if I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tenga un millón de dólares no significa que sea multimillonario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The fact that I have a million dollars does not mean I am a&#xA;  multimillionaire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand I am not so sure about your example that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tengo un millón de dólares, compraré una casa grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you are mixing up two tenses in a single sentence which I am pretty sure is not correct, at least not in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T14:44:11.300" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2211" CreationDate="2012-04-30T14:52:47.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot say for sure this is a fact in each and every Spanish speaking country, but I am pretty sure that the most common use of &quot;por cierto&quot; is &quot;by the way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link that JoulSauron added from the Royal Academy of the Spanish Language will certainly include each and every correct use of a word or phrase, but in a lot of cases a lot of those uses and even a lot of the words are not used any more nowadays. It does not mean it is incorrect, only that is not common anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that there will be quite a few &quot;unfair downvotes&quot; in this site since most of us Spanish speaking people do not know each and every word, present or past, nor each and every use of each of the words we commonly use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This I find kind of sad, since Spanish is such a rich language, but is a fact of most languages in the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-04T21:31:20.723" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T21:31:20.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2218" CreationDate="2012-04-30T19:19:20.900" Score="8" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés a veces, se usa puntuación extra para indicar confusión o ira en una frase, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He said &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt;??&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Are you serious?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque se pone ciertos tipos de puntuación al principio y al final de la frase en español, ¿cómo se escriben estas frases en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son estas correctas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿¿Él dijo &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;?? (¿o, &quot;¿Él dijo &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;??&quot;, tal vez?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡¿Hablas en serio?! (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-02T13:55:27.463" LastActivityDate="2012-05-02T13:55:27.463" Title="Usar puntuación extra para expresar incredulidad" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2217" CreationDate="2012-04-30T19:32:04.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las frases que has escrito son correctas en cuanto a los signos de puntuación (te sobra el pronombre &quot;lo&quot; en la primera, y en cuanto a la segunda, la traducción sería &quot;¿¡Hablas en serio!?&quot; o &quot;¡¿Lo dices en serio?!&quot;). También puede iniciarse con un signo y terminar con el otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Él dijo qué! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Él dijo qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos dos ejemplos son estrictamente correctos aunque la RAE recomienda usar los dos, como tú has utilizado, en cualquier orden, y así es como yo los he visto siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre que utilices más de un signo para empezar la frase, debes terminar con el mismo número de signos, y siempre en el orden inverso (el signo que abre es el que cierra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Origen: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=interrogaci%F3n%20y%20exclamaci%F3n%20(signos%20de)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=interrogaci%F3n%20y%20exclamaci%F3n%20(signos%20de)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2012-04-30T20:07:18.730" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T20:07:18.730" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2217" CreationDate="2012-04-30T19:40:30.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una pregunta muy común cuando alguien ve preguntas o exclamaciones en español por primera vez. Esa es simplemente la forma como se escribe, asi es la regla, se debe de poner el signo de puntuación al principio y al final tanto en preguntas como en exclamaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces si deseas crear un efecto de confusión o sorpresa al escribir y escribes ambos tipos de signos, debes de escribirlos también al principio como lo hiciste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T19:40:30.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2012-04-30T21:48:06.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is from a long time ago. After I learned to program in ANSII Basic I once started reading a book called &quot;Basic in Spanish&quot; I threw it away the very first day since it didn't make sense to relearn every single keyword in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T21:48:06.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2214" CreationDate="2012-05-01T03:53:54.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Damn I'm not as good in grammar as I used to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my best guess is &#xA;&quot;Si llegara a tener un millón de dólares, compraré una casa grande&quot;  which is a more elaborated form to express the plausibility to aquire a million dollar in a near future, then, I will do something with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first part, before the comma, you are implying that there is a chance for the subject to get the money, with no certainty in deed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then If the subject, would perform an action if the first part turns true, otherwise, that action won't happen at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuviese, Tuviera, tendría, are different forms to transform the verb tener (have) subjectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the auxiliary &quot;entonces&quot; is a form to denote that if the condition is met, then something will happen. (Just like a simple if.. then)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick here is how to conjugate the verbs correctly to imply the future or next action to perform. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I didn't mess it more than already is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers&#xA;Oscar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T03:53:54.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2179" CreationDate="2012-05-01T12:27:59.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain at least we usually use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿cómo lo ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="645" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T12:27:59.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2227" CreationDate="2012-05-01T19:00:20.647" Score="2" ViewCount="10145" Body="&lt;p&gt;If someone has been very kind in adjusting their schedule and making sacrifices to help you, in English you might say, &quot;Thanks for being so accommodating!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most natural translation of this phrase into Spanish? Looking up &quot;accommodating&quot; in an online Spanish/English dictionary yields no less than 18 possible translations, and I'm not sure which would fit best with this sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:48:18.333" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:48:18.333" Title="accommodating (as in &quot;Thanks for being so accommodating&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2225" CreationDate="2012-05-01T19:24:36.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most natural, I believe, would be &quot;acomedido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por ser tan acomedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T19:24:36.560" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2225" CreationDate="2012-05-01T20:04:02.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mmmm... that's a tricky one. I can't really think of a direct translation for the &quot;&lt;em&gt;accommodating&lt;/em&gt;&quot; word. The term &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=acomodaticio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acomodaticio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; does exist in Spanish, but sounds too &quot;learned&quot; or &quot;elevated&quot; to say in a regular conversation (at least to me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the case you're describing, I (Spaniard guy) would go with something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias por adaptarte a mi[s] horario[s].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone asked the same question in &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2308413&amp;amp;p=11586145#post11586145&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;. The last answer (the one the link points to) is the best one in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/625/kelmer&quot;&gt;kelmer&lt;/a&gt; pointed out in his comment, another fairly common expression you can use is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por ser tan flexible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression goes pretty well when talking about schedules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-05-02T12:51:23.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2012-05-01T22:38:22.007" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un vulgarismo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/alhabla/museo_horrores/museo_022.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;debe ser evitado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por analogía con el resto de los tiempos verbales (dices, decías,&#xA;dirás...), a la segunda persona (tú) se le añade como vulgarismo una&#xA;–s final, y así encontramos el vulgarismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tú dijistes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, es común encontrar esto en la mitad norte, como dice  &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20120103093223if_/http://espanolsinfronteras.com/LenguaCastellana01.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;here&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el habla de las tierras donde nació el castellano encontramos una serie de rasgos dialectales, como el uso del leísmo (le como complemento directo: Este piso ya le vimos), laísmo y loísmo (la y lo como complemento indirecto: La dije que no viniera); pronunciación de la d final como z: Madriz; &lt;strong&gt;aparición de una s en la segunda persona del singular del pretérito [indefinido]: vinistes&lt;/strong&gt;; uso del infinitivo para la segunda persona del plural del imperativo: ¡Traerme algo!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se dice en &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/alhabla/museo_horrores/museo_022.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;América&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la norma meridional del español y en las variedades lingüísticas&#xA;americanas, también se encuentra este problema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vos dijistes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a vulgarism that &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/alhabla/museo_horrores/museo_022.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;should be avoided&lt;/a&gt; (translated from Spanish):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by analogy with the rest of the verb tenses (dices, decías, dirás...), to the second person (tú) a final -s is added as a vulgarism, and thus we find the vulgarism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tú dijistes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, it is commonly found in the north central area, as it says &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20120103093223if_/http://espanolsinfronteras.com/LenguaCastellana01.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;here&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el habla de las tierras donde nació el castellano encontramos una serie de rasgos dialectales, como el uso del leísmo (le como complemento directo: Este piso ya le vimos), laísmo y loísmo (la y lo como complemento indirecto: La dije que no viniera); pronunciación de la d final como z: Madriz; &lt;strong&gt;aparición de una s en la segunda persona del singular del pretérito [indefinido]: vinistes&lt;/strong&gt;; uso del infinitivo para la segunda persona del plural del imperativo: ¡Traerme algo!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also said in &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/alhabla/museo_horrores/museo_022.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;America&lt;/a&gt; (translated from Spanish):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the southern form of Spanish and the American varieties, there also is this problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vos dijistes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T09:22:24.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2214" CreationDate="2012-05-02T03:27:33.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your friend is correct and both statements are correctly translated in the quesitons. I can't tell you why (as in historically where these things came from) the subjunctive is not used in your &quot;present tense&quot; example.  I can give you some more examples and rules about the subjunctive in this case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the subjunctive is used for expressing uncertainty or doubt, but only in certain cases.  Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In a dependent clause (usually after que) where the main clause expresses doubt or uncertainty.  Dudo que tengas un millón de dólares. (I doubt that you have a million dollars.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After a conjunction of time when the action is pending or uncertain.  Voy a comprar la casa cuando tenga un millón de dólares. (I am going to buy the house when I have a million dollars.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some reason, an if/then sentence does not use the subjunctive for the present tense, only the past subjunctive in a contrary to fact situation.  Again, I can't tell you &quot;why&quot;, just that it doesn't fit into one of the categories of Spanish phrases that need the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The if/then sentences typically follow patterns where if you use a certain tense on one side, then you will use a predictable tense on the other side.  Here are some examples of many of those:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If + present indicatave, then + present indicative  or future&#xA;Si tengo un millón de dólares, compro (or &quot;compraré&quot;) una casa grande.&#xA;If I have a million dollars, I buy/will buy a big house.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If + past subjunctive, then + conditional&#xA;Si tuviera un millón dólares, compraría una casa grande.&#xA;If I had a million dollars (which I don't), I would buy a big house.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If + imperfect, then + imperfect&#xA;Si tenía un dólar cuando era joven, siempre compraba dulces.&#xA;If I had a dollar when I was young, I always bought candy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si + past perfect subjunctive, then + conditional perfect&#xA;Si hubiera tenido un millón de dólares, habría comprado la casa grande.&#xA;If I'd had a million dollars, I would have bought the big house.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there are lots of options with if/then sentences, but only the contrary to fact situations requires subjunctive (specifically past subjunctive), not the uncertainty or doubt in this construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-05-02T03:27:33.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2214" CreationDate="2012-05-03T06:56:13.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if the English conditionals are taught or explained the same to native speakers, but when I learnt them there were three:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First conditional: &lt;code&gt;If (present), (future)&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I win a million dollars, I will buy a big house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second conditional: &lt;code&gt;If (simple past), (would + verb)&lt;/code&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I won a million dollars, I would buy a big house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Third conditional: &lt;code&gt;If (past perfect), (would have + past participle)&lt;/code&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had won a million dollars, I would have bought a big house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, in Spanish, we have basically the same cases, but since verbs are conjugated, it can be trickier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First conditional: &lt;code&gt;Si (presente), (futuro)&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si gano un millón de dólares, me compraré una casa grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second conditional: &lt;code&gt;Si (pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo), (condicional)&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si ganara un millón de dólares, me compraría una casa grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Third conditional: &lt;code&gt;Si (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo), (condicional perfecto)&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiera ganado un millón de dólares, me habría comprado una casa&#xA;  grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the case you are asking about, is just the first conditional. As others have pointed out, it sounds a bit strange, but maybe because of the verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;. But we can mend it with a little addition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (el año que viene) tengo un millón de dólares, me compraré una casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-05-03T06:56:13.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2234" CreationDate="2012-05-05T03:41:57.663" Score="5" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encontré escribiendo esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ella comenzó a correr hacia la dirección en la que él había apuntado.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, siento que las preposiciones son correctas de forma independiente, y no encuentro la forma en que tengan sentido juntas, por las siguientes razones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Uno &lt;code&gt;corre hacia una dirección&lt;/code&gt;, o &lt;code&gt;corre a una dirección&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Uno &lt;code&gt;apunta a una dirección&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;apunta hacia una dirección&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es correcto: &lt;code&gt;en la que él había apuntado&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;a la que él había apuntado&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De alguna forma todas suenan sinónimas para mi, y no estoy seguro de cómo distinguir el caso correcto del incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T02:22:38.347" Title="Preposiciones para dirección" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2233" CreationDate="2012-05-05T13:31:33.380" Score="7" ViewCount="1782" Body="&lt;p&gt;When would you use one over the other? I see Google Translate says both equate to &quot;soft&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="699" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T14:28:13.120" Title="Difference between &quot;suave&quot; and &quot;blando&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2232" CreationDate="2012-05-05T14:45:12.910" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;blando&quot; = easy to deform&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &quot;suave&quot; = soft to the tact &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;blando&quot; is a property of the body or volume. Its opposite is &quot;duro&quot; or &quot;rígido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;suave&quot; is a property of the surface. Its opposite is &quot;áspero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A piece of rubber, or a mattress, is &quot;blando&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A kitten fur is &quot;suave&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muscles are &quot;blandos&quot;, skins are &quot;suaves&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;blando&quot; can be also applied to semi-liquids materials (thin, as opposed to thick ; eg: honey). &#xA;Furthermore, both have many analogous uses:&#xA;&quot;blando&quot; can be used for a maleable personality;&#xA;&quot;suave&quot; can mean soft to the ear (&quot;música suave&quot;), etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T14:28:13.120" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T14:28:13.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2231" CreationDate="2012-05-05T15:03:58.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Correr &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; una dirección&amp;quot; es lo más natural, para significar una orientación general (dirección y sentido) (ej: en dirección norte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Correr &lt;strong&gt;hacia&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot; se usa más bien para significar un destino puntual (&amp;quot;Corrió hacia su casa&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Correr &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; (un lugar)&amp;quot; suena un poco más coloquial y menos correcto, aunque es usada como reemplazo de &amp;quot;Correr hacia&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;Corrió a su casa&amp;quot;).&#xA;Tiene el problema de que puede confundirse con otros significados de &amp;quot;correr&amp;quot; en los que el complemento es objecto indirecto o directo (correr=perseguir algo o a alguien, correr=desplazar algo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Apuntar en/a/hacia&amp;quot;: vale más o menos lo mismo. Pero es verdad que &amp;quot;apuntar&amp;quot; se usa en general para &amp;quot;puntos&amp;quot; (como la palabra sugiere) que para direcciones, pero el habla común no es estricta con esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;en la que él había apuntado&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;a la que él había apuntado&amp;quot;?&#xA;NO están mal, prefiero la primero. Pero en esa frase, ambas me suenan algo recargadas. Yo preferiría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella comenzó a correr en la dirección que él había indicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella comenzó a correr en la dirección que él había señalado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-05T15:03:58.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2231" CreationDate="2012-05-05T15:05:37.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uno &quot;corre/va en una dirección&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uno &quot;apunta hacia algo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La frase sería:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella comenzó a correr en la dirección hacia la que él había apuntado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-05-05T15:05:37.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2232" CreationDate="2012-05-06T00:10:58.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In social terms, &quot;suave&quot; implies &quot;smooth.&quot; That's a positive kind of &quot;soft.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Blando&quot; implies weak or &quot;wimpy.&quot; That's a negative kind of &quot;soft.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-05-06T00:10:58.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2214" CreationDate="2012-05-06T09:40:02.013" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very simple, because 'tengo' is 'I have' in present whereas 'tenga' is used when speaking of hypothetical circumstances such as 'if I had', for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si tengo diez pesos, me lo compro = If I have ten pesos, I'll buy it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Cuando tenga diez pesos, me lo compro = When I get/have ten pesos, I'll buy it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastActivityDate="2012-05-06T09:40:02.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2012-05-06T09:44:02.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Igual = equal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo mismo = the same (as)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage will thus depend on a case per case basis, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are equals = somos iguales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;His level is equal to mine = su nivel es igual al mío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He said the same thing = él dijo lo mismo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:19:19.933" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:19:19.933" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1472" CreationDate="2012-05-06T09:46:33.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;al fin: at the end, from the latin &lt;em&gt;finis/finem&lt;/em&gt; which means end&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   al cabo: at the cape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since a cape the end of a land strip reaching into water that's why it is also used to denote 'the end of something'. Spanish is full of similar examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T11:35:08.873" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T11:35:08.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2262" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:17:51.763" Score="2" ViewCount="18721" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many universities in the US, students choose a primary specialty to study (called their &quot;major&quot;) and optionally a secondary emphasis (called a &quot;minor&quot;). How would these terms be expressed in Spanish when referring to a US education? And do universities in Spanish-speaking countries have the same major/minor structure?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-05-07T20:50:07.137" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T09:25:28.207" Title="&quot;Major&quot; and &quot;minor&quot; (emphasis of study in college)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2241" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:22:08.120" Score="9" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any rules for forming the plurals of loanwords?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask, as I was recently reminded of a sign I saw in an Office Depot in Mexico advertising &quot;mouses&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this be correct in Spanish, or is it proper form to use the English plural &quot;mice&quot; in this case?  If &quot;mouses&quot; is proper in this case, are there other examples where the plural form is also borrowed from an original language, but the Spanish plural would be considered incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; I know we're guilty of the same class of error in English, when we talk about a single &lt;em&gt;tamale&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T06:05:36.313" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T17:53:29.130" Title="Plurals of loan words" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2250" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:24:34.737" Score="5" ViewCount="4291" Body="&lt;p&gt;In American English, a &quot;quiz&quot; is like a &quot;test&quot; or &quot;exam,&quot; but it is typically shorter (in length and duration) and less heavily weighted. In Spanish class I learned &quot;test&quot; was &lt;em&gt;examen&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;quiz&quot; was &lt;em&gt;prueba&lt;/em&gt;. Do these Spanish words carry the same connotations as the English words? Or does the distinction not exist in the same way in Spanish as it does in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:34:36.953" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:34:36.953" Title="Distinguishing &quot;quiz&quot; and &quot;test&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2242" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:34:19.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least when I was in school, the two words were always used interchangeably. Even if you look the term &quot;prueba&quot; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; one of its definitions is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Examen que se hace para demostrar o comprobar los conocimientos o&#xA;  aptitudes de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exam that is performed to demonstrate someone's knowledge or skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-07T16:34:19.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2241" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:42:22.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an anglicism. I cannot speak of all Spanish speaking countries but in Mexico it is very common that people use the English word for some computer terms, in this case &quot;mouse&quot; and  instead of using the Spanish word &quot;ratón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that a lot of people think that that is the actual name of the device and they pluralize it as if it were a Spanish word which, of course, is not correct, but it has now become the common way of calling it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-07T16:42:22.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2246" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:47:54.407" Score="8" ViewCount="701" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between the word &quot;complemento&quot; and &quot;suplemento&quot;? Do they really have the exact same meaning?. &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/rae.html&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; (Real Academia Española) defines both as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cosa o accidente que se añade a otra cosa para hacerla íntegra o perfecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've seen them been used as having different meanings. For instance, in a drugstore you can ask for a &quot;Complemento Alimenticio&quot; or a &quot;Suplemento Alimenticio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="400" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-14T02:27:24.327" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T18:52:08.100" Title="Complemento vs. Suplemento" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2240" CreationDate="2012-05-07T17:24:58.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia (and in most Latin American countries) there are no such structures in undergraduate education. Therefore, &quot;major&quot; and &quot;minor&quot; are words used only to speak about the US educational system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, in most Latin American countries we have a system that differentiates between &quot;professional&quot; and &quot;technical&quot; education (&lt;em&gt;educación profesional y educación técnica o tecnológica&lt;/em&gt;). A professional degree is better than a technical degree. The former is taught at universities and has a duration of four to five years. The latter is taught at &quot;&lt;em&gt;Institutos Técnicos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and usually has a duration of two to three years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some similarities between major and professional degrees, and between minor and technical degrees, but our education systems are different from yours in many ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about education you must be careful to refer to a specific country (e.g., Perú, Mexico, or Brasil), and conduct research about the specific names that are used there to refer to their specific structures in education. A Wikipedia search is often enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="703" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T09:25:28.207" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T09:25:28.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2246" CreationDate="2012-05-07T17:28:21.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;After doing some research, the conclusion that I can come up with is that, in general, when you get a &quot;suplemento alimenticio&quot; you are getting something that will substitute food with a mixture of minerals, proteins, etc., whereas if you are getting a &quot;complemento alimenticio&quot; you will get something that will add something that you are lacking in your food intake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, it seems that the use of the word &quot;suplemento&quot; is not totally accurate since &quot;suplemento&quot; is not a translation of &quot;substitute.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I have understood is that the two words actually mean the same thing, but, when it comes to the drug store example, the labels are trying to make a distinction between two different products that do two different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="9685" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T18:52:08.100" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T18:52:08.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2242" CreationDate="2012-05-07T20:26:41.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, in the schools I attended &lt;em&gt;examen&lt;/em&gt; was used for the final test/exam at the of the term or the year. The quizes during the terms, usually about just one lesson, were called &lt;em&gt;controles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: A &lt;em&gt;control&lt;/em&gt; usually was taken at school, and it could mean that you don't have to take any examination on this anymore as happens in primary school, or you had to take this part anyway in final exam at the end of the term or the year. It's just for &quot;controlling&quot; the progress of the pupil or student. A &lt;em&gt;parcial&lt;/em&gt; it's an exam of a part of the subject/course, and can include one or more lessons. In high school and university, a &lt;em&gt;parcial&lt;/em&gt; it's an exam on a part of the subject/course and it's organized during the course, like a &lt;em&gt;control&lt;/em&gt;. When passing a &lt;em&gt;parcial&lt;/em&gt; means that you don't have to take that part of the subject/course anymore and it won't be included for you in the final exam, then it's called &lt;em&gt;parcial liberatorio&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-09T07:04:54.163" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T07:04:54.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2253" CreationDate="2012-05-07T20:38:35.997" Score="5" ViewCount="6917" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=slow%20down&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; translates &quot;slow down&quot; as &lt;em&gt;disminuir la velocidad&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;desacelerar&lt;/em&gt;. But those sound pretty precise or technical to me. How would you translate &quot;Slow down!&quot; in other, more informal contexts like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are driving with a friend who is speeding and driving recklessly and you want him to stop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A friend is excitedly describing something to you and is talking too fast to understand.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surely you don't say &lt;em&gt;¡Disminuye la velocidad!&lt;/em&gt;, do you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=slow%20down&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; traduce &quot;slow down&quot; como &quot;disminuir la velocidad&quot; o &quot;desacelerar&quot;. Pero me suenan bastante precisos o técnicos. Cómo traduciríais &quot;Slow down!&quot; en otros contextos más informales como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vas en el coche/auto/carro con un amigo que va a excesiva velocidad y conduciendo imprudentemente y quieres que lo deje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un amigo está animado/exitado describiéndote algo y está hablando demasiado rápido para entenderle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguro que no decís &lt;em&gt;¡Disminuye la velocidad!&lt;/em&gt;, ¿o sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-05-14T15:28:23.620" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T08:31:09.893" Title="Translating &quot;Slow down!&quot; (in informal contexts)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2255" CreationDate="2012-05-07T20:49:06.017" Score="7" ViewCount="5568" Body="&lt;p&gt;English has an idiom: &quot;Slow and steady wins the race.&quot; It is used to describe situations where slow, steady progress towards a goal is better than a rushed attempt to achieve things all at once (and I believe it comes from the fable of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortoise_and_the_Hare&quot;&gt;The Tortoise and the Hare&lt;/a&gt;). Is there an equivalent idiom in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T19:03:37.400" Title="Is there an equivalent idiom for &quot;Slow and steady wins the race&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2251" CreationDate="2012-05-07T20:55:20.880" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Surely not, or yes... ;) You can say that informally, but if you don't want to offend your friend :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When driving:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Frena! (Although it means &quot;brake&quot;, it does not mean to completely stop, but slow down)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No vayas tan rápido/deprisa! (This is really used instead of saying &quot;slow down&quot;. Not going so fast means that the driver has to slow down).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Más despacio!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Telling a friend to chill out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Más despacio!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No vayas tan rápido/deprisa!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Frena! (As Laura says. Actually, you can use any of the ones for driving).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pisa el freno, Madaleno! (In Spain)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the ones I can think of now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-08T08:38:30.650" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T08:38:30.650" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2241" CreationDate="2012-05-07T21:08:59.537" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;http://fecla.wordpress.com/2010/03/12/el-plural-de-los-extranjerismos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;rules&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;em&gt;extranjerismos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabras terminadas en -l,-r,-n,-d,-z,-j&lt;/strong&gt;. Forman el plural en -es: &lt;em&gt;píxeles, másteres, pines, raides, interfaces, sijes.&lt;/em&gt; Se exceptúan las&#xA;  palabras esdrújulas, que permanecen invariables en plural: &lt;em&gt;los&#xA;  trávelin, los cáterin.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabras terminadas en -s,-x,-ch&lt;/strong&gt;. Algunas se mantienen invariables (&lt;em&gt;campus, sioux&lt;/em&gt;); otras hacen el plural en -es (&lt;em&gt;valses, faxes,&#xA;  sándwiches&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabras terminadas en consonantes distintas&lt;/strong&gt; de -l,-r,-n,-d,-z,-j,-s,-x,-ch. Hacen el plural en -s: &lt;em&gt;esnobs, chips, cómics.&lt;/em&gt; Se exceptúa el término &lt;em&gt;imam&lt;/em&gt;, cuya forma plural es &lt;em&gt;imames&lt;/em&gt;. La&#xA;  palabra &lt;em&gt;club&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos plurales: &lt;em&gt;clubs&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;clubes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabras terminadas en dos o más consonantes.&lt;/strong&gt; Hacen el plural en -s: &lt;em&gt;gongs, icebergs, récords.&lt;/em&gt; Se exceptúan las palabras &lt;em&gt;test, trust&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;kibutz&lt;/em&gt;, que permanecen invariables en plural, y los términos &lt;em&gt;lord&lt;/em&gt; y&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;milord&lt;/em&gt;, cuyos plurales son &lt;em&gt;lores&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;milores&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente. También&#xA;  se excluyen las palabras acabadas en consonante + s, que hacen el&#xA;  plural en -es (&lt;em&gt;valses&lt;/em&gt;) permanecen invariables (&lt;em&gt;fórceps&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your word &quot;mouse&quot; is not a major problem as it ends in vowel, so it would apply the normal rule to add an -s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T09:48:55.117" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T09:48:55.117" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2252" CreationDate="2012-05-07T21:21:40.270" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here goes a bunch:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vísteme despacio, que tengo prisa&quot; (quote from &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_VII_de_Espa%C3%B1a#Anecdotario&quot;&gt;Ferdinand VII&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like: &lt;em&gt;Dress me slowly, for I am in a hurry.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Las prisas son malas consejeras&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like: &lt;em&gt;Hurries are bad advisers&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sin prisa pero sin pausa&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Slowly but steadily&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Quien va piano va lontano&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(this sounds pretty Italian-borrowed to me, but it means &lt;em&gt;Who goes slowly goes/gets far&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Poco a poco, hila la vieja el copo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Little by little the old lady spins the woll yarn&lt;/em&gt; (related to spinning a yarn; more information in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_spinning&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the closest one to the idiom you mention is this one (also based on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tortoise_and_the_Hare&quot;&gt;Aesop fable&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Conejo rapido no llega lejos. Tortuga llega segura.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The fast rabbit doesn't reach far. The turtle arrives safe.&lt;/em&gt; Although I must say that I have never heard this in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-05-07T21:21:40.270" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2251" CreationDate="2012-05-08T00:27:24.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As JoulSauron already pointed out, &quot;frena&quot; is quite common. It could mean &quot;slow down&quot; as well as &quot;stop&quot;. So it might be a bit ambiguous without context. &quot;Frena un poco&quot; could be used too. Note that by adding &quot;un poco&quot;, &quot;frena&quot; could only mean &quot;slow down&quot; in this case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bajá/baja un poco (la velocidad)&quot; is also common informally (at least here in Argentina). &quot;La velocidad&quot; is implied but often not said. In the same vein, &quot;aflojá/afloja un poco (con el acelerador)&quot; has the same general meaning but is a bit more informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option that comes to mind (again this might be a local thing) is &quot;bajá/baja un cambio&quot; (drop down a gear, if that makes sense; I'm not sure if this is a good translation). Although, thinking about it, I've always heard (and used) this expression figuratively, rather than in its literal sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastEditorUserId="492" LastEditDate="2012-05-08T01:14:54.753" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T01:14:54.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2251" CreationDate="2012-05-08T01:28:55.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When telling a friend to slow down:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Baja las revoluciones!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cálmate un poco!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When driving:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Anda/Conduce más lento!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T01:28:55.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2246" CreationDate="2012-05-08T03:39:32.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually they are not exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can seem to have the same meaning in many contexts, but not in everyone of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I'm spanish I should be able to explain it, but I'm not sure if I'll do it well enough to be understood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the examples you have comment, about food, a &quot;complemento&quot; is something you can add to a food so you can make it more nutrient, better, healthy, etc. It is, you MAY add that to the food, and maybe the result will be great, BUT, there was no need to add it for it to be complete. E.g.: You can add soy to a chocolate milkshake in order to make it more healthy, but there was no need to do it to have it complete as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand, you have a &quot;suplemento&quot;. You use this term when you want to mean explicitly that something was missing to make something complete. E.g.: If you are talking about a healthy diet and you say: &amp;lt;&amp;lt; A good &quot;suplemento&quot; to make your breakfast a healthy one would be orange juice &gt;&gt;. You are saying, not that the breakfast is &quot;balanced - complete&quot; and would be &quot;more palatable&quot; adding that juice, but that the breakfast is NOT COMPLETE (in balanced terms) and that with that &quot;suplemento&quot; it will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;complemento&quot; for a well-balanced breakfast, would be some aliment you CAN add to it for the reasons you want, and it will keep on being a well-balanced breakfast, but it was already complete.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;suplemento&quot; for a well-balanced breakfast which still isn't would be something that you NEED TO add to make it well-balanced, or at least &quot;more well-balanced&quot;, &quot;more complete&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if I have achieved to explain myself well enough; any doubt, please ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastEditorUserId="705" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T10:36:23.577" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T10:36:23.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2242" CreationDate="2012-05-08T23:11:38.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico this short exam is called &quot;parcial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=parcial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;parcial&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Examen que el alumno hace de una parte de la asignatura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T23:11:38.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2246" CreationDate="2012-05-09T00:21:26.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A complement(o) is something that completes a &quot;set&quot; INSIDE certain boundaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A supplement(o) is something that completes a &quot;set&quot; OUTSIDE those boundaries. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside a KITCHEN (the boundary), a chair COMPLEMENTS a table. That is, you want a table to go with a chair so you can sit down and eat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OUTSIDE the kitchen, a bed SUPPLEMENTS a table and chair. After you eat, you want to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To carry the example further, a swimming pool (outside the house, the new boundary) supplements the furniture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use the house as the boundary, the different pieces of furniture complement each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T00:21:26.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-09T04:45:02.900" Score="36" ViewCount="5975" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we often add &quot;-ish&quot; to the end of a word to make it less exact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll be there at 5:00ish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The shirt was a reddish color.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The woman appeared to be 50ish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ish&quot;&gt;WikiDefinition for -ish&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to translate this to Spanish without using a long phrase such as &quot;más o menos&quot; or &quot;aproximadamente&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2012-05-09T16:52:42.537" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T03:57:16.097" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent to &quot;-ish&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2240" CreationDate="2012-05-09T04:50:22.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked this same question of my Spanish teacher who spent significant amounts of time in Spain (was married to a Spaniard and spent summers there.)  His suggestion was to refer to the major as &quot;especialización&quot; and minor as &quot;subespecialización&quot;.  These are the best descriptions I've heard for describing the US system of study in Spanish terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T04:50:22.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2012-05-09T06:44:56.607" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of ways to translate -ish and, I'm afraid, it's going to be one of those &quot;a thousand regionalisms&quot; answer, I'm form Spain. It really depends on the example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'll be there at 5:00ish --&gt; Estaré allí (llegaré) &lt;strong&gt;hacia/más o menos sobre/sobre&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The shirt was a reddish colour --&gt; La camiseta era de color &lt;strong&gt;rojizo/de un tono rojo/tirando a rojo/más o menos rojo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The woman appeared to be 50ish --&gt; La mujer parecía tener &lt;strong&gt;unos cincuenta/ estar sobre los cincuenta/ cuarenta y muchos cincuenta y pocos/más o menos cincuenta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more general maybe is &lt;strong&gt;más o menos&lt;/strong&gt; and I think it's always safe to use, sometimes could sound forced but it'll be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-05-09T11:43:06.303" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T11:43:06.303" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2012-05-09T16:32:59.737" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I've heard it said in Nicaragua is with &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y pico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. In fact, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=pico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the WordReference page for &lt;em&gt;pico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; almost exactly matches your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiene 50 y pico de años&lt;/strong&gt;: she's fifty odd or fifty something (colloq)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;son las dos y pico&lt;/strong&gt;: it's past or gone two&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WordReference doesn't mark it as a regionalism, so I assume it's fairly universal. As far as I know this only works with numerical values though, not with things like colors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T16:32:59.737" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2268" CreationDate="2012-05-10T00:27:05.890" Score="9" ViewCount="11868" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell there are two ways to say, &quot;I have to go.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo que ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the second way even right?  And if so, which one is the preferred way to say, &quot;I have to go&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta este momento, entiendo que existen dos formas de decir &quot;I have to go.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo que ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo ir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda forma es tan siquiera correcta? Si lo es, cuál es preferentemente la forma de decir &quot;I have to go&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user706" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:47:59.800" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:47:59.800" Title="What is the preferred way of saying &quot;I have to go&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2267" CreationDate="2012-05-10T00:34:00.203" Score="4" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/134/when-should-i-use-the-word-yo-in-a-sentence-where-the-verb-conjugation-already&quot;&gt;When should I use the word &amp;#39;yo&amp;#39; in a sentence where the verb conjugation already shows that I am the subject?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if fluent Spanish Speakers say the pronoun when they are speaking.  For example, do they say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo tengo un perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or do they say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user706" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T15:11:07.063" Title="Do fluent Spanish Speakers say the pronoun when speaking?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-05-10T02:47:54.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2266" CreationDate="2012-05-10T00:46:52.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are valid but it depends on the person, and the place. For example the Yo tengo un perro will be really common in Uruguay while Where the use of &quot;YO&quot; is really strong. Tengo un perro will be more used in Argentina, despite that you can't say that is a &quot;regional&quot; difference. As I say both are correct. Pherhaps the main difference comes clear here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask, &quot;Do you have a dog?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Q: ¿Tienes un perro?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: Sí, tengo un perro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; tengo un perro&quot;), the &quot;yo&quot; would be redundant&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask, &quot;Who has a dog?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Q: ¿Quién tiene un perro?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: Yo tengo un perro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this makes it clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T15:11:07.063" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T15:11:07.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2265" CreationDate="2012-05-10T00:54:24.703" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nope; there are more ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me tengo que ir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me tengo que ir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tendré que ir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tendré que irme&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me iré ahora&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact translation of &quot;I have to go&quot; is &quot;Yo tengo que ir&quot;, but that is not so correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to go on/this Sunday:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo tengo que ir el/este domingo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to go now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me tengo que ir | Yo tengo que irme | &amp;lt;= without using now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me tengo que ir ahora | Yo tengo que ir ahora &amp;lt;= using now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T01:29:53.880" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T01:29:53.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2012-05-10T02:20:15.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El es &lt;strong&gt;igual&lt;/strong&gt; que el padre =&gt; He is the same as his father.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tiene el &lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/strong&gt; reloj =&gt; He have the same clock.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estamos en la &lt;strong&gt;misma&lt;/strong&gt; situacion =&gt; We are in the same situation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estamos aca, &lt;strong&gt;igual&lt;/strong&gt; que ayer =&gt; We are here, same as yesterday.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No eres la misma persona que cuando te conoci =&gt; You are not the same person as when I met you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No eres igual a tu madre =&gt; You are not the same as your mother&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not always igual = equal &amp;amp;&amp;amp; mismo/a = same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T02:20:15.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="115" CreationDate="2012-05-10T02:40:42.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being from Nicaragua that means that you agree to do something, use something or agree with someone (sometimes after a discussion when someone has convinced you). A common example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question:  Quieres ir al cine? (would you like to see a movie)&#xA;answer:    dale pues..   (ok)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nicaraguans tend not to pronounce the (s) so you might only hear: dale pue...&#xA;Also another way to say &quot;dale pues&quot; is &quot;va pues&quot; where sometimes you can hear it &quot;va pue&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this is also applicable in Panama, in addition to Nicaragua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2236" LastEditorUserId="1137" LastEditDate="2012-11-17T06:43:15.317" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T06:43:15.317" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="150" CreationDate="2012-05-10T02:45:52.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maje&lt;/strong&gt; in Nicaragua means something like dude in English. It is used mainly between friends. Women tend to use it less. It is not considered to be offensive but you should not use it in formal meetings or with someone you don't know very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rafael is right, maybe in another countries it might be offensive. But I don't think it would be a big deal to use it in Nicaragua.  Never use it to refer to people that deserve respect like your parents, boss or anyone like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps someone. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2236" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T15:29:38.900" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T15:29:38.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="540" CreationDate="2012-05-10T02:56:23.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be honest I never thought about it. It has been so natural to be saying &quot;de donde fue&quot;...our population has been saying that for decades. We had a big major earthquake in 1972 that destroy most of our city. So people started to have those type of references. To complicate more the things we do not have street names which can be very confused. We use reference points like known buildings..or even famous building that might not even being there anymore. It is ok for Nicaraguans. But for tourist might be a pain. Here it is a link that explain this better than me in case you are curious. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vianica.com/nicaragua/practical-info/14-forward.html?id=14-addresses.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nicaragua Address system&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2236" LastEditorUserId="2236" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T03:38:37.483" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T03:38:37.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2012-05-10T04:08:55.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if repochetas is just for Nicaragua. I never heard any other country from centra america that they made repochetas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Repochetas at home we made it with beans, cheese (not the cheese from US) and cabagge salad.  Cheese from central america is very different from other regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Repochetas can have different styles like those that jrdioko presented in his post. This is another one &lt;a href=&quot;http://foodieinternational.com/portfolio/repocheta-de-la-casa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;repocheta casera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2236" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T04:08:55.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4418" CreationDate="2012-05-11T00:44:06.240" Score="9" ViewCount="48157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the American English &quot;cilantro&quot; (British English &quot;coriander&quot;) translated into Spanish as both &lt;em&gt;cilantro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;culantro&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference? Are they synonyms used interchangeably, or is the difference regional? If it is a regional difference, where is each word used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:55:42.410" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T08:22:15.803" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;cilantro&quot; and &quot;culantro&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-11T00:57:06.973" Score="4" ViewCount="4088" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo son necesarios en una frase los pronombres indirectos y cuándo son opcionales? Creo que aprendí en el colegio que se requieren siempre (por ejemplo, &quot;le dije a ella que...&quot; es correcto pero &quot;dije a ella que...&quot; es incorrecto), pero me han dicho que no es tan simple para todos los casos (por ejemplo, &quot;pertenece a mí&quot; es correcto). ¿Cuáles son las normas que determinan si un pronombre es necesario o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/596/indirect-object-and-le&quot; title=&quot;Una pregunta anterior&quot;&gt;Una pregunta anterior&lt;/a&gt; preguntaba algo similar, pero era para un caso bastante específico y estoy interesado en una regla general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When are indirect object pronouns necessary in a sentence and when are they optional? I believe I learned in school that they were always required (for example, &lt;em&gt;Le dije a ella que...&lt;/em&gt; is correct but &lt;em&gt;Dije a ella que...&lt;/em&gt; is wrong), but I've been told it's not that simple for all cases (e.g. &lt;em&gt;pertenece a mí&lt;/em&gt; is correct). What rules determine whether the pronoun is necessary or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/596/indirect-object-and-le&quot;&gt;A previous question&lt;/a&gt; asked something similar, but it was for a fairly specific case and I'm interested in the rule in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T19:51:14.777" Title="When is the indirect object pronoun required in sentences with an indirect object?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2012-05-11T02:11:55.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never heard of that but I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://homecooking.about.com/od/cookingfaqs/f/faqculantro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;. Hope it helps (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Culantro&lt;/strong&gt; is a completely different plant from &lt;strong&gt;cilantro&lt;/strong&gt;. Although the two are cousins, they look nothing alike and are quite easy to differentiate by appearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Culantro&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;, has long, serrated leaves and sports a blue flower when permitted to bolt. It is the leaves of culantro that are popular in Caribbean and Asian dishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Culantro&lt;/strong&gt; is also often called spiny cilantro and is not as widely available as cilantro. Check with your market's produce manager if you do not see any in with other fresh herbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T04:31:36.023" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2012-05-11T04:47:12.147" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen a very common use of the &lt;code&gt;-ón&lt;/code&gt; termination, sometimes used with the word &lt;code&gt;algo&lt;/code&gt; (some), like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El color de la camisa era algo rojón &#xA;La camisa era algo rojona.&#xA;La mujer era cincuentona.&#xA;Juan es algo preocupón.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I do not know if these are good uses or regionalisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach I've seen, probably taken from scientific naming of substances, are terminations &lt;code&gt;-ico&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-ato&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-oso&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-ito&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La camisa era rojosa.&#xA;La mujer aparentaba ser cincuentosa. (I still prefer &quot;cincuentona&quot; in here)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are more correct ways to express these, but they get the grip of the &lt;code&gt;-ish&lt;/code&gt; approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T04:47:12.147" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2280" CreationDate="2012-05-11T08:20:08.117" Score="16" ViewCount="139135" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado y leído a argentinos decir &quot;al pedo&quot;, por ejemplo, &quot;estoy al pedo&quot;. Es evidente que NO se refiere a &quot;estar pedo&quot;, que significa &quot;estar borracho&quot; en algunos sitios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;estar al pedo&quot; y en qué contexto se usa? ¿Es algo normal o hay que tener cuidado con quién usarlo? ¿Se usa también en otros países del entorno como en Chile o Uruguay, o es solo en Argentina, o incluso es algo localizado del Río de la Plata/Buenos Aires?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-11T16:07:14.797" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T16:36:30.183" Title="¿Qué significa en Argentina &quot;al pedo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2279" CreationDate="2012-05-11T12:41:40.943" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estar al pedo&quot; significa no tener nada que hacer, no cumplir ninguna función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión bastante común en Argentina, aunque más bien ordinaria. Nadie se va a espantar por oirla, pero no es la clase de lenguaje que uno usaría en una entrevista de trabajo, por ejemplo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una frase común es &quot;estar más al pedo que bocina de avión&quot; (o &quot;estar más al pedo que cenicero de moto&quot;, y hay varias más). Acá la expresión está usada en el sentido de no tener ninguna utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: &quot;Estaba tan al pedo que me puse a hacer un crucigrama&quot;. Acá la idea es que no tenía nada (mejor) que hacer; y también se da a entender algo de aburrimiento o hastío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T12:41:40.943" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2279" CreationDate="2012-05-11T21:21:53.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, una persona está &quot;al pedo&quot; cuando no está haciendo nada - nada útil o interesante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;estoy al pedo&quot; = &quot;no estoy haciendo nada&quot; = &quot;I'm doing nothing&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa mucho la expresión para acciones: una acción &quot;es al pedo&quot; cuando es inútil o en vano. Se usa también, aisladamente, como una exclamación proverbial: &quot;Es al pedo&quot; = &quot;Es inútil&quot; = &quot;It's useless&quot;  (¿qué es inútil? todo, o nada en particular). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a &quot;estar borracho&quot;, cambia la preposición: &quot;estar &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; pedo&quot; = &quot;to be drunk&quot; ; o &quot;ponerse en pedo&quot; = &quot;emborracharse&quot; = &quot;to get drunk&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos, son expresiones muy comunes pero algo vulgares o malsonantes, de esas que conviene entender pero que un extranjero no debería arriesgarse a usar. Algunos eufemismos son &quot;al pepe&quot; o &quot;al cuete (=al cohete)&quot;. Una expresión sinónima (desconozco el origen) es &quot;al divino botón&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T21:21:53.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2279" CreationDate="2012-05-11T21:52:31.097" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;Transcurría un plácido almuerzo, cuando de pronto, la ilustre visita de una extranjera de intercambio, en un castellano con neto acento canadiense preguntó inocentemente: Pero… para ustedes los argentinos… ¿todo es pedo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Como…?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, claro… Es que hay cosas que todavía no entiendo del todo…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por ejemplo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoy Agustín fue caminando hasta el centro a cambiar una remera y el negocio estaba cerrado. Cuando volvió dijo: “Me hicieron ir al pedo”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claro, eso significa que fue en vano, inútilmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, sí; pero en plural es diferente. Cuando el otro día vinimos en taxi, al bajar Micaela dijo: “Este tachero nos trajo a los pedos”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso quiere decir que venían muy rápido…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, ya me di cuenta. Pero me resulta difícil entender la diferencia del singular al plural… Además… hay otras frases que no son lo mismo, por ejemplo: Estar “en” pedo, que estar “al” pedo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claro, estar “en” pedo, es estar borracho; estar “al” pedo, es estar sin hacer nada…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Eso! ¡eso!, suena parecido a ir “al pedo”… Pero… también lo usan cuando quieren significar negativa a hacer algo…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A veces, en ese caso decimos: “No voy a ir ni en pedo”, que significa que de ninguna manera lo haremos, o sea… ni borracho iría, ¿me entendés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si, ahora sí. Aunque todavía me queda otra; cuando el otro día Agustín no puso la mesa y vos te enojaste, Agustín luego me contó que vos lo habías “cagado a pedos”…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, en ese caso quiere decir que lo reté, que le llamé la atención…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora entiendo un poco más… pero… me acordé de otra: Cuando fuimos al partido de fútbol y el delantero hizo un gol de taquito, el comentario de Agustín fue: “Le salió de pedo”…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso significa que lo hizo por pura suerte, que fue de casualidad… ¿entendés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si, ehmm… Una última pregunta… ¿que quieren decir cuando Micaela le dice a Agustín: “Sucio de miehrda … ¿¿¿¡¡¡Que pedo que te tiraste!!!???…”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T21:52:31.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2284" CreationDate="2012-05-11T22:27:36.083" Score="7" ViewCount="91574" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se puede utilizar la expresión, &quot;How's it going?&quot; como una manera de preguntar cómo está alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es informal y tiene un significado similar al &quot;¿Cómo estás?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, cuando lo comprobé en el Traductor de Google, tradujo la frase &quot;How's it going?&quot; como &quot;¿Cómo va todo?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esa traducción la correcta y comúnmente usada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:47:24.497" LastActivityDate="2021-05-20T21:04:26.807" Title="¿Cómo se dice, &quot;How's it going&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2012-05-11T22:36:59.513" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es correcta. Para expresiones como &quot;how is it going&quot;, &quot;how are you doing&quot; o simplemente &quot;how are you&quot; de manera informal, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo estás?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal estás?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo va (todo)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal va todo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal andas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo andas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué hay?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T17:13:46.813" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T17:13:46.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2012-05-11T22:59:15.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest expression is probably ¿Cómo te va? but ¿Cómo va todo? is also okay. Both of them use the word &quot;va&quot; to convey the sense of &quot;going.&quot; ¿Cómo estás? is also often used, but that has more of a sense of how ARE you, as opposed to how are things GOING?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2012-05-12T00:08:06.953" LastActivityDate="2012-05-12T00:08:06.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2012-05-12T01:49:10.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard this plant being named cilantro or culantro in different countries across South America:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jSOw8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the name of its seeds is &quot;coriandro&quot; (a very fragant spice):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u3uMK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-05-12T01:49:10.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2276" CreationDate="2012-05-13T05:14:35.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, &quot;pertenece a mí&quot; is not correct. You should say &quot;Me pertenece&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other example in which you think the I.O. may be optional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2012-05-13T05:14:35.277" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2251" CreationDate="2012-05-13T23:13:53.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I were Argentinian, I'd say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Che, ¡relájate!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in both situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Spaniard, &quot;&lt;em&gt;No tan deprisa, ¡porfa!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in the car, and &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Porfi!, háblame menos rápido.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; when chatting.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(Porfi/Porfa = Por favor)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the interjections add diplomacy and friendship to the phrase.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The better if joined by a hand gesture indicating &lt;em&gt;slow down&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as I am a Brazilian, I just say &lt;em&gt;Tranki, my friend&lt;/em&gt;, in Spanglish, followed by a :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[update]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As &lt;em&gt;tchrist&lt;/em&gt; points out, &quot;tranqui&quot; is quite extended in Spain. I lived in Andaluzia, Valencia and Asturias and used it. Also in Brasil and Venezuela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And certainly, I'm still to find &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; person from a latin language background (br, pt, es, fr, it, cat) that doesn't understands it. Even if they didn't use the word, it has very powerful memetizing properties.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Recommended! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but don't do it with your fiance`s father&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="695" LastEditorUserId="695" LastEditDate="2012-05-14T11:30:12.357" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T11:30:12.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2211" CreationDate="2012-05-14T02:14:01.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por cierto&quot; is not always &quot;by the way&quot;, and it is wrong to down vote any answer that involves a word/s that are not used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;false friend word&quot; is only used when two words or phrases in two languages or dialects (or letters in two alphabets) look or sound similar, but differ in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for sure, by the way, certainly and surely will be correct translations of &quot;Por cierto&quot; depending on the place (geographically differences in the use of) and on the phrase/context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From sports these days you can see for example on F1 drivers (from non English speaking countries) using &quot;for sure&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Q: Do you have all in place to win the race today?&#xA;A: For sure, the team and the car are in optimal conditions today.&#xA;A: Por cierto, el equipo y el auto estan en optimas condiciones hoy.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But note that the same could easyly translated to other forms of affirmations like &quot;De seguro&quot;, &quot;por supuesto&quot;, &quot;Claro / claro que si&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commonly used in politics speeches the use of &quot;De por cierto, | delo de por cierto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Q: If you win the elections, will you get us all of this hole ?&#xA;A: For sure, I will put this country on the right path.&#xA;A: Delo de por cierto, Yo pondre ente pais en el camino correcto.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expressions and common uses these days&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Por cierto, antes de que me olvide =&amp;gt; By the way, before I forget&#xA;More commonly: (ah, oh) Antes de que me olvide&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; De por cierto que vamos a ganar =&amp;gt; Take for sure that we will win.&#xA;More commonly: Seguro que vamos a ganar&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; Por cierto que voy =&amp;gt; For sure I go&#xA;More commonly: Claro que voy&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; Por cierto que parezca no the creo =&amp;gt; Fore true that it looks I don't&#xA;   believe you&#xA;Remain the same&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; Voy por cierto camino =&amp;gt; I go true some way/path&#xA;Remain the same&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; Por camino cierto =&amp;gt; true the right path&#xA;Remain the same&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cierto = true&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por = for&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for true = wrong but the close thing is for sure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can consider &quot;por cierto&quot; as an expression or phrase that had been replaced by other words and no longer is widely used, despite that, in some places still used in its original form and meaning. It is a word that you can easily avoid and or replace with quite a few others. For sure, if your are not sure about it's true meaning, surely you can avoid it, certainly you will find other words :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T02:14:01.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2231" CreationDate="2012-05-14T02:22:38.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si -&amp;gt; Uno corre hacia una dirección&#xA;NO -&amp;gt; o corre a una dirección&#xA;&#xA;No -&amp;gt; Uno apunta a una dirección&#xA;Si -&amp;gt; apunta hacia una dirección&#xA;&#xA;No -&amp;gt; en la que él había apuntado&#xA;Si -&amp;gt; a la que él había apuntado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T02:22:38.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2163" CreationDate="2012-05-14T04:25:27.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;refrigeradora, refrigerador, refrí, nevera, heladera all are the same appliance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That are all possible ways to say the same, (I think) the thing is that the name of this appliance have different names on different regions. Refri is the short version for refrigerador/a but its starting to be used in places where is was called heladera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no short version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigorífico relates to a big industrial complex (usually for things preserved with could) but also in some countries (one or two) may be used for the name of the appliance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigo can be used as a short version of frigorifico despite its mening (appliance or industrial complex)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigobar is one of those refrigerators that are really small usually found on motels, the ones that have space for a couple of bottles an a pizza (no more than a meter hight).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;refrigeradora, refrigerador, refrí, nevera, heladera son el mismo aparato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esas son todas la formas posibles de decir lo mismo (a mi entender), el nombre varia según el país.&#xA;Refri es la versión corta de refrigerador/a aunque esta comenzando a ser utilizada en países donde se le llama comúnmente heladera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay versión corta para la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigorífico comúnmente se utiliza para describir complejos industriales donde se preservan cosas con frio, no obstante es utilizada como nombre para describir el mismo aparato (uno o dos países).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigo es utilizado como la versión corta de frigorifico sin importar el significado real de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigobar es una de esas aparatos que no llega a un metro de altura, comúnmente vistas en moteles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T04:25:27.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2012-05-14T04:37:11.427" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not really correct&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; Ahí = en ese lugar (in this place) &#xA;&amp;gt; Allí = en aquel lugar (in that place)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The correct thing is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On this place =&gt; En &lt;strong&gt;este&lt;/strong&gt; lugar =&gt; Aquí =&gt; Here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In that place =&gt; En &lt;strong&gt;ese&lt;/strong&gt; lugar =&gt; Allí =&gt; There&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí estoy =&gt; Here I'm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allí estaba =&gt; There I was&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí and/y Ahí are quite the same thing but different from Aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you whant to put all of them in order ox proximity you would place them as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí -&gt; Been the closest to you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acá -&gt; Cose to you but can be used to define a surrounding area (acá&#xA;en casa | here in home)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahí -&gt; A bit far but close to you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allí -&gt; Far but no so much&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allá -&gt; Far&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="707" LastEditDate="2012-05-15T18:22:06.290" LastActivityDate="2012-05-15T18:22:06.290" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2320" CreationDate="2012-05-15T14:39:01.903" Score="6" ViewCount="2375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he escuchado la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Estamos muy &lt;strong&gt;concernidos&lt;/strong&gt; por...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la primera vez que escucho el verbo concernir usado y conjugado de esta manera, siempre se usa como &quot;me/nos concierne...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto el uso de &quot;concernidos&quot; fuera de la tercera persona?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito: La frase completa es: &quot;en la creación de empleo todos estamos muy concernidos...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-18T22:45:57.900" LastActivityDate="2021-03-03T01:47:33.977" Title="Uso de &quot;concernidos&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-15T15:01:33.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=concernir&quot;&gt;en el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, es un verbo defectivo, es decir, no se usa en todos los tiempos, modos o personas. El verbo concernir es defectivo porque solo puede ser usado infinitivo, en gerundio, en participio y en 3.ª persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &quot;concernidos&quot; es participio (pasivo), así que en principio sí que podría usarse de esta manera, por lo que la oración estaría correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-05-15T15:01:33.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2012-05-15T15:40:11.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this on &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/baby-opossum.2249664/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; (original source &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphimorphia#Nombres_comunes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El principal nombre común que reciben los didelfimorfos es el de&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;zarigüeyas&lt;/strong&gt;; además, son conocidos en El Salvador como &lt;strong&gt;tacuazines&lt;/strong&gt;, en&#xA;  Guatemala como &lt;strong&gt;tacuacines&lt;/strong&gt;, en México como &lt;strong&gt;tlacuaches&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;tacuaches&lt;/strong&gt;, en&#xA;  Ecuador como &lt;strong&gt;guanchacas&lt;/strong&gt;, en Honduras como &lt;strong&gt;guasalos&lt;/strong&gt;, en el Perú como&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;mucas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;canchalucos&lt;/strong&gt;, en Bolivia como &lt;strong&gt;carachupas&lt;/strong&gt;, en Colombia como&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;faras&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;chuchas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;runchos&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;raposas&lt;/strong&gt;, en Venezuela como &lt;strong&gt;rabipelados&lt;/strong&gt; o&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;faros&lt;/strong&gt;, en Costa Rica, Panamá y algunas partes de México (como Yucatán)&#xA;  como &lt;strong&gt;“zorros”&lt;/strong&gt;, y en Uruguay y Argentina como &lt;strong&gt;“comadrejas” overas&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  aunque estos dos últimos términos son equívocos, ya que comparten el&#xA;  nombre con mamíferos placentarios completamente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="721" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T12:26:24.033" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:26:24.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2276" CreationDate="2012-05-16T02:17:58.263" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using an indirect object pronoun is simply used to emphasize who or what is receiving the action of the verb.  It is required in your context because &quot;le&quot; could be anyone or anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le dije a ella que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without the &quot;a ella&quot; part, the person hearing the sentence will have no idea whether you meant to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I told him &#xA;I told her&#xA;I told it&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What rules determine whether the pronoun is necessary or not?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the person/number flexion.  Anytime you use a third person as the indirect object, you MUST specify who.  Unless, of course, the pronoun is already known.  For instance, if the conversation has been centered around a certain person/place/thing, then it is most likely ok to leave out the indirect object pronoun.  Otherwise you would be repeating the same pronoun ad nauseum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le dije &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   Dijiste a quien y qué le dijiste? &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   Le dije a Maria que no más hable &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   Oh, Maria! Le dije lo mismo &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last sentence does not use Maria or her, because said person is already in context.&#xA;Otherwise, every sentence following would sound like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I told it/her/him&#xA;You told who or what?&#xA;I told Maria not to talk&#xA;Oh Maria! I told Maria the same.&#xA;What else did you say to Maria?&#xA;I also told Maria that I was serious.&#xA;What did Maria say when you told Maria that?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, if the pattern continues, it gets ambiguous and you'll eventually believe there are two separate Marias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T02:17:58.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2012-05-16T02:53:47.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mismo translated literally means &quot;same&quot;.. or &quot;the same&quot; assuming you use a definite article..&#xA;&quot;El mismo&quot;... and it is more or less used as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The same book &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   --- El mismo libro &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  We ate out of the same bowl. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   --- Comimos del mismo tazón. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  Our thoughts are the same &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   --- Nuestros pensamientos son los mismos &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo would refer to an idea or thing or a comparison to something in the current context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The same book that I had. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   --- Lo mismo libro que tenía. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  We ate out of the same bowl as the dog &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;   --- Comimos de lo mismo tazón del perro &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T02:53:47.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2012-05-16T03:20:54.923" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, &quot;allí&quot; and &quot;ahí&quot; are the same word all together.  If you sound both of them out, they sound no different than the other.  They both even have the same number of syllables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;allí = a-yi&#xA;ahí = a-i&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It shouldn't matter which variant you use for &quot;there&quot;  It is only when you assimilate a velar consonant in the middle of it that it becomes &quot;here&quot;.  Similar to the difference in there and here. In English, we add a letter to say.. &quot;there&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding a velar consonant.. such as a letter than sounds like /k/ /g/ or /x/ &amp;lt;== &quot;H&quot; sound, converts the word.  If you were to actually pronounce the h in &quot;ahí&quot; as if it were &quot;ají&quot; You would then have a a word that sounded like &quot;here&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for &quot;aguí&quot; It sounds no different than &quot;aquí&quot; because of the velar consonant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what really determines the distance, is that very last syllable's vowel.  In the above examples, you'll notice that they all end in a /i/ &quot;ee&quot; sound, which is a closed vowel.  If you drop the /i/ and add an /a/... an open vowel, then you have flipped the word on its head and it means something different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;allí =&amp;gt; allá Changing the context from &quot;There!&quot; to &quot;Over there!&quot;&#xA;aquí =&amp;gt; acá Changing the context from &quot;Here!&quot; to &quot;Over here!&quot;.. or &quot;Right here!&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main idea here is that the closed vowel indicates you are dictating to someone near year.  It is also used in diminutives, but that's another story altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you stress that closed vowel, /i/, the sound doesn't travel as far as if you were to use an open vowel... /a/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's more or less the difference between squealing and squalling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T03:20:54.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2242" CreationDate="2012-05-16T03:33:49.447" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the translations you mention DO carry the same connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mnemonic to possibly help remember:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you take a look at the word &lt;em&gt;prueba&lt;/em&gt;, you'll notice that it's stem has changed from o =&gt; ue.  If you reverse it, you will get &lt;em&gt;proba&lt;/em&gt;... or for the sake of argument, &quot;Probe.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probing something is like poking it with a stick..as well as other &quot;alien&quot;-ated denotations.  Let's just say the word &quot;poke&quot; from now on.  Regardless, when you poke something, it is usually short lived.  I've never heard of anyone poking a snake for days on end, much less poking my girlfriend.  Eventually you gotta get up and eat or take a nap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T02:32:55.313" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T02:32:55.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2225" CreationDate="2012-05-16T04:04:09.003" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not just use the verb &quot;apoyar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias por apoyarme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T04:04:09.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="917" CreationDate="2012-05-16T13:50:46.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buenos días -&amp;gt; until 12:00pm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes -&amp;gt; from 12:01pm to last sun light&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buenas noches -&amp;gt; after sunlight is gone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buen día differ if used like -&amp;gt; Que tenga un buen día = Have a nice day&#xA;|| Otherwise it can be interpreted as Good morning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Variables such as Buenas are used in some countries | Buenas = Howdy (no time frame).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those getting doubts or questions about this you should remember that some regions/countries may use different rules for which this answer may not apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References and further reading:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consultas/Consultas_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADsticas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consultas/Consultas_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADsticas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.albaiges.com/cronologia/cuandoempiezatarde.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.albaiges.com/cronologia/cuandoempiezatarde.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=975209&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=975209&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consultas-B-buenos-dias-buenas-tardes-2146.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.fundeu.es/consultas-B-buenos-dias-buenas-tardes-2146.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070622014500AAaMy6Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070622014500AAaMy6Y&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, also something that should be taken into account when answering questions is that just because something is applicable in one country/region doesn't mean that is the rule and vise versa, the rule not always applies for all countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T18:53:17.443" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2307" CreationDate="2012-05-16T19:26:41.963" Score="14" ViewCount="46120" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos términos tienen un significado muy parecido. Según la RAE, el único uso de 'utilizar' es &amp;quot;Aprovecharse de algo&amp;quot; y el significado que me interesa de 'usar' es &amp;quot;Hacer servir una cosa para algo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, cuando tengo alguna duda con las diferencias sutiles entre dos sinónimos recurro a google, pero en este caso no ha funcionado. Ni la RAE ni otros diccionarios online me han podido ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase de la que me ha surgido la duda es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;[...] El nombre del archivo utilizado para este procedimiento es: hallarpi.m&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es esta opción la correcta o debería de haber utilizado la palabra 'usado'?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He deducido que es 'utilizado' por pura intuición. Agradecería si alguien me pudiera aclarar la diferencia entre ambos en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both terms have a really similar meaning. According to the RAE, the only use for 'utilizar' is &amp;quot;Aprovecharse de algo&amp;quot; and the meaning which concerns this question of 'usar' is &amp;quot;Hacer servir una cosa para algo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, when I'm in doubt about subtle differences between two synonyms I google them but I wasn't that lucky this time. Neither RAE, nor any other online dictionary could help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence which I'm not sure about is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;[...] El nombre del archivo utilizado para este procedimiento es: hallarpi.m&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is this the right choice or should I have chosen 'usado'?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've deduced that 'utilizado' was the right choice out of intuition. I'd be grateful if someone could make clear the difference of them for this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="661" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:17:52.730" Title="Cuándo usar &quot;usar&quot; o &quot;utilizar&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2306" CreationDate="2012-05-16T20:15:15.077" Score="18" ViewCount="5066" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;sin embargo&quot; se traduce como &quot;however&quot; en inglés, pero no la entiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;sin&quot; significa &quot;without&quot;, y la palabra &quot;embargo&quot; significa &quot;ban&quot; o lo mismo que la palabra inglesa &quot;embargo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que a mí me parece que la traducción literal de &quot;sin embargo&quot; en inglés es &quot;without embargo&quot;, que no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de la frase &quot;sin embargo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-16T20:50:47.357" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T07:21:18.423" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;sin embargo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-05-16T21:25:19.590" Score="17" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sin embargo&amp;quot; is an adversative idiom meaning nevertheless or without setting any impediment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=%20embargo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin embargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;locución conjuntiva adversativa&lt;/em&gt;. No obstante, sin que sirva de impedimento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it is an idiom, it doesn't make much sense to make comparisons with it's English counterpart. But let's see how it comes to mean this in Spanish, why it means &amp;quot;without setting an impediment&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sin&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;lack of&amp;quot; (without). &amp;quot;Embargo&amp;quot; can mean &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=%20embargo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more than one thing&lt;/a&gt;, and we find this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;anticuado&lt;/em&gt;. Daño, incomodidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We see that &amp;quot;embargo&amp;quot; was used in the past as &amp;quot;harm, inconvenience&amp;quot;. So &amp;quot;sin embargo&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;without inconvenience&amp;quot;, which is pretty similar to &amp;quot;without any impediment&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frase A. Sin embargo, frase B adversa a A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Statement A. However, statement B contrasting A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that the previous statement to &amp;quot;sin embargo&amp;quot; is not an obstacle to state the following one, being the latter a contrast. This is actually the same as &amp;quot;nevertheless&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;however&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sin embargo&amp;quot; es una locución verbal adversativa &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=%20embargo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que significa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;locución conjuntiva adversativa&lt;/em&gt;. No obstante, sin que sirva de impedimento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como es una locución, no tiene mucho sentido hacer comparaciones con su correspondiente en inglés. Pero veamos de donde viene este significado en español, por qué significa &amp;quot;sin que sirva de impedimento&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Embargo&amp;quot; puede significar &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=%20embargo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más de una cosa&lt;/a&gt;, y nos encontramos con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;anticuado&lt;/em&gt;. Daño, incomodidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que &amp;quot;embargo&amp;quot; se usaba como &amp;quot;daño o incomodidad&amp;quot;. Por tanto, &amp;quot;sin embargo&amp;quot; significa &amp;quot;sin incomodidad&amp;quot;, que es parecido a &amp;quot;sin impedimento&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frase A. Sin embargo, frase B adversa a A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significa que la frase previa a &amp;quot;sin embargo&amp;quot; no es un obstáculo para decir la frase que la sigue siendo esta última contraria a la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-08T07:21:18.423" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T07:21:18.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2304" CreationDate="2012-05-16T23:22:26.740" Score="6" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que ambos son intercambiables en el uso común, creo que hay algunas importantes diferencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no estoy equivocado, &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt; significa &quot;lograr que algo sea útil&quot;, por lo que este verbo tiene un sentido más concreto que &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quizá esta diferencia sea similar a la de los verbos ingleses &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;make&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A veces &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; puede ser utilizado con un significado similar al inglés &lt;strong&gt;to be used to&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En ese tiempo se usaba poner nombres raros.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  At that time it was used to strange names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Otra diferencia surge cuando nos referimos a las vestimentas: se puede usar el verbo &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; para dar a entender &lt;strong&gt;llevar puesta una ropa&lt;/strong&gt;, pero entonces no es tan común reemplazar &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt;, porque corres el riesgo de dar a entender que usas esas prendas con un propósito diferente que &quot;llevarlas puestas&quot;, por ejemplo si las usas para sacar lustre al piso (después de encerar):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy usando un chaleco.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I'm wearing a sweater.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy utilizando un chaleco.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I'm using a sweater (for some tacit purpose).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es muy común en Español &amp;mdash;para evitar repeticiones o cacofonías (algo muy importante en este idioma)&amp;mdash; que cuando una oración debe usar el verbo &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt;) dos veces, entonces se reemplaza una de aquellas apariciones con el otro verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El uso de esta herramienta es recomendable, no obstante utilícela con cuidado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The use of this tool is advisable, however use it with care.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, respecto de tu ejemplo, yo preferiría esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[...] El nombre del archivo usado para este procedimiento es: hallarpi.m&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es bueno recordar que hay otro verbo español con un significado similar: &lt;strong&gt;emplear&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite both are usually interchangeable in the common usage, I think there are some important differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As far as I know, &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;make something useful&quot;, so it has a more &quot;concrete&quot; meaning than &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perhaps this difference is similar to that of English verbs &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;make&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; may be used with a meaning similar to English &lt;strong&gt;to be used to&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En ese tiempo se usaba poner nombres raros.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  At that time it was used to strange names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another difference arises when referring to clothes: you may use &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; in order to mean &lt;strong&gt;wear&lt;/strong&gt;, but then it is not so common to replace &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt;, because you may mean then that you use those clothes with a purpose different than &quot;wearing them&quot;, for example if you used them to polish the floor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy usando un chaleco.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I'm wearing a sweater.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy utilizando un chaleco.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I'm using a sweater (for some tacit purpose).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is very common in Spanish &amp;mdash;in order to avoid repetition (something very important in that language)&amp;mdash; that when a phrase or sentence must use &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; (or &lt;strong&gt;utilizar&lt;/strong&gt;) twice, then you replace one of those appearances with the other verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El uso de esta herramienta es recomendable, no obstante utilícela con cuidado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The use of this tool is advisable, however use it with care.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with your example, I would prefer this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[...] El nombre del archivo usado para este procedimiento es: hallarpi.m&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that there is another Spanish verb with a similar meaning: &lt;strong&gt;emplear&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?clave=usar&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?clave=usar&amp;amp;origen=RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T00:22:13.733" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T00:22:13.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-16T23:34:45.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase que estás analizando usa &lt;strong&gt;concernido&lt;/strong&gt; como un adjetivo. Tal adjetivo no existe &lt;strong&gt;oficialmente&lt;/strong&gt; en el idioma español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que usar &lt;strong&gt;concernir&lt;/strong&gt; para tratar de decir &lt;strong&gt;estar preocupado&lt;/strong&gt; es simplemente una muy mala traducción del inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm concerned&lt;/strong&gt; about the current state of affairs.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Me preocupa&lt;/strong&gt; el estado actual de las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si analizamos esa oración respecto de &lt;strong&gt;concernido&lt;/strong&gt; como un participio pasado, entonces de acuerdo al &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=concernir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; (tal como fue citado por @JoulSauron), no existe un significado para esta palabra relacionado con &lt;strong&gt;preocupar&lt;/strong&gt; que pudiere hacer el enlace necesario para poder usar el participio pasado del primer verbo de la misma manera que se hace con el segundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, si se quiere dar la idea de que el sujeto de la frase está &lt;strong&gt;involucrado&lt;/strong&gt; en aquello de lo cual está hablando, entonces el concepto asociado al verbo está bien usado, pero están creando un adjetivo que no existe —lo que no es algo malo por cierto— pero que puede dar pie a malos entendidos mientras aquel significado no sea asimilado por las demás personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence you are analizing uses &lt;strong&gt;concernido&lt;/strong&gt; as an adjective. Such an adjective doesn't &lt;em&gt;officialy&lt;/em&gt; exist in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that using &lt;strong&gt;concernir&lt;/strong&gt; to mean &lt;strong&gt;estar preocupado&lt;/strong&gt; is just a very bad translation from English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm concerned&lt;/strong&gt; about the current state of affairs.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Me preocupa&lt;/strong&gt; el estado actual de las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we analize that sentence regarding &lt;strong&gt;concernido&lt;/strong&gt; as a past participle, and according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=concernir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; (as cited by @JoulSauron), there's no meaning for &lt;strong&gt;concernir&lt;/strong&gt; related to &lt;strong&gt;preocupar&lt;/strong&gt;, what could make the link to use the past participle of the first verb the same way the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if the subject of the phrase wants to mean he/she is &lt;strong&gt;involved&lt;/strong&gt; in the main matter that's being referred, then the idea behind the verb (&lt;strong&gt;concernir&lt;/strong&gt;) is well used, but they are inventing a yet non existent adjective (something not too bad by the way) but that may lead to misunderstandings as long as that new meaning is not properly assimilated by the people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T22:05:33.940" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2304" CreationDate="2012-05-16T23:46:33.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general las dos palabras son sinónimos en el sentido de que las dos pueden significar &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;a emplear algo a una meta específica&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/utilizar#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;utilizar - Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt; 1. y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/usar#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usar - Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt; 1.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las mayores distinciones se encuentran en el uso regional y en las expresiones idiomáticas. También, el verbo &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt; me parece un poco más coloquial que el verbo &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt;, y se usa más en los contextos normales. Además, parace que la palabra &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt; tiene una distinción pequeña, en que la cosa utilizada probablemente se usa en una manera que normalmente no se usa, y para lograr algo diferente de lo que normalmente esta ordenado o a una ventaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo coloquial:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) &lt;em&gt;Voy a usar la estufa para preparar la comida.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; I will use the stove to prepare dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) &lt;em&gt;Voy a utilizar el hornillo para preparar la comida.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; I will utilize the stove to prepare dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frase &lt;em&gt;A.&lt;/em&gt; suena un poco más normal, pero, la frase &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;. es aceptable también.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo de uso en una manera no normal:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua puede existir en los tres estados de la materia en la temperatura ambiente, y por lo tanto, podemos utilizarla como refrigerante más fácilmente que el hidrógeno.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; Water can exist in the three states of matter at room temperature, therefore we can utilize it as a coolant easier than hydrogen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En un caso come este, probablemente se puede usar el verbo &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt;, pero &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt; suena más apropiado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Referencias:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;The Unusual Properties of Water Molecules.&amp;quot; - For Dummies&lt;/em&gt;. Web. 16 May 2012. &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-unusual-properties-of-water-molecules.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-unusual-properties-of-water-molecules.html&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase que usted menciona, yo personalmente usaria &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt;, pero la frase parece correcta en las dos maneras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, the two words are pretty much synonyms, in the sense that both can mean &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;to employ something to a specific goal&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; (See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/utilizar#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;utilizar - Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt; 1. &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/usar#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usar - Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt; 1.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The greatest distinctions are found mainly in regional usage, and in idiomatic expressions. The verb &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt; also seems a bit more colloquial than the verb &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt;, and is used more in normal contexts. On top of that, &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt; seems to have a slight nuance of the thing is probably being used in a way that it normally isn't, and to achieve a purpose it isn't normally ordained to or to an advantage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example of coloquial usage:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) &lt;em&gt;Voy a usar la estufa para preparar la comida.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; I will use the stove to prepare dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) &lt;em&gt;Voy a utilizar la estufa para preparar la comida.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; I will utilize the stove to prepare dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sentence &lt;em&gt;A.&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit more normal, but, sentence &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;. is also acceptable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example of usage in terms beyond normal terms:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua puede existir en los tres estados de la materia en la temperatura ambiente, y por lo tanto, podemos utilizarla como refrigerante más fácilmente que el hidrógeno.&lt;/em&gt; =&amp;gt; Water can exist in the three states of matter at room temperature, therefore we can utilize it as a coolant easier than hydrogen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even in this case you probably could have used &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt;, but &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt; sounds a bit more natural.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;The Unusual Properties of Water Molecules.&amp;quot; - For Dummies&lt;/em&gt;. Web. 16 May 2012. &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-unusual-properties-of-water-molecules.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-unusual-properties-of-water-molecules.html&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in the sentence you give, I personally would have used &lt;code&gt;usar&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;utilizar&lt;/code&gt;, but it seems to be correct either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I helped! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T16:44:10.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2012-05-17T00:55:08.700" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. There's not a single way of translating it, hence the need for different options. I'm also from Spain and these are the most common ways of expressing it. The first one of each list is the most popular way of saying it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Time&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;strong&gt;I'll be there at 5:00ish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco. [One of the most common ways of saying it.]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré a las cinco &lt;strong&gt;y pico&lt;/strong&gt;. [This actually means AFTER 5.]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;a eso de&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;hacia&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;más o menos a&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;alrededor de&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré &lt;strong&gt;aproximadamente a&lt;/strong&gt; las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llegaré a las 5, &lt;strong&gt;minutos más minutos menos&lt;/strong&gt;. [not used in Spain, see comments].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Color&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;strong&gt;The shirt was a reddish colour&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La camiseta &lt;strong&gt;tenía&lt;/strong&gt; un color &lt;strong&gt;rojizo*&lt;/strong&gt; [Definitely the most used way of saying it.]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La camiseta era de un color &lt;strong&gt;tirando a rojo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La camiseta era de un color &lt;strong&gt;más o menos rojo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La camiseta era de un color &lt;strong&gt;parecido al rojo&lt;/strong&gt; [It implies that actually it wasn't red.]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Each color has a termination. As shared by Blas Soriano and grouped by termination group: Azulado, Rosado, Anaranjado; Grisáceo, Violáceo; Parduzco, Negruzco, Verduzco/Verdoso, Blancuzco/Blanquecino; Purpúreo, Cerúleo; Rojizo; Amarillento. There's also a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acearquitectos.com/archivos/501.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;picture&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Age&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: The woman appeared to be 50ish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translations (note that some &lt;em&gt;require&lt;/em&gt; &quot;años&quot; and some can have that omitted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;cincuenta y pico.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;unos cincuenta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;alrededor de cincuenta&lt;/strong&gt; años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;cuarenta y muchos.&lt;/strong&gt; [late fourties]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;cincuenta y pocos.&lt;/strong&gt; [early fifties]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer &lt;strong&gt;estaría sobre los cincuenta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La mujer tendría &lt;strong&gt;más o menos cincuenta&lt;/strong&gt; años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="661" LastEditorUserId="661" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T07:45:46.400" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T07:45:46.400" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2314" CreationDate="2012-05-17T01:29:37.033" Score="8" ViewCount="12638" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish equivalent for &quot;douche&quot;, as in the insult? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've search and found several results which, while being correct, either are too regional or lack the force of the English insult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T06:46:30.607" Title="Spanish for &quot;douche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-05-17T02:41:01.840" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English insult &lt;em&gt;douche&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;douche bag&lt;/em&gt; is an idiomatic expression.  As such, it is difficult to translate it literally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douche&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;douche&lt;/a&gt; is a medical device used typically for vaginal cleaning, as during or after a woman's period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, the insult is similar to calling someone a &quot;sh*t bag&quot;, or anything else that might be considered unpleasant, unclean, smelly, gross, or disgusting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English word has the same Latin roots as the Spanish word for shower, &lt;em&gt;ducha&lt;/em&gt; and they are close cognates.  The Spanish word for the medical device is also &lt;em&gt;ducha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this clearly is not an insult in Spanish.  You might get your point across, but you'd get some odd looks, too, if you used the full expression and called someone a &lt;em&gt;ducha vaginal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T03:08:55.877" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T03:08:55.877" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-05-17T07:24:30.833" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish equivalent would be something like &quot;capullo&quot;, &quot;imbécil&quot; or &quot;gilipollas&quot;, although this last one is more offensive/vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T07:41:42.717" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T07:41:42.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-05-17T13:53:21.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some equivalents used in Mexico are: &lt;code&gt;pendejo&lt;/code&gt; (literally means pubic hair, and it's kind of the Mexican equivalent to the Spanish gillipollas, and really offensive too), &lt;code&gt;cretino&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;idiota&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T23:01:00.753" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T23:01:00.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-18T04:02:48.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la explicación es mucho más simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los políticos, por desgracia y a pesar de lo que algunos puedan pensar, no saben hablar bien. Es un hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con toda probabilidad lo que quería decir era &quot;consternados&quot;. Lo que es más preocupante es que no todo el mundo se dé cuenta, como tú, de que no tiene sentido lo que dicen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para quien piense que no es cierto, que hablan correctamente, fijaos en cómo usan (en españa) el &quot;deber&quot; o &quot;deber de&quot;. El primero es de obligación, el segundo es de suposición. Pues bien, fiajos y comprobaréis que 10 de cada 10 veces lo usan mal. Sólo fijaos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posible explicación es que lo hagan a propósito para que nos fijemos más en el despiste que en la situación del país...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me viene a la mente cierto &quot;despiste&quot; de nuestro ex-presidente, cuando dijo que debíamos ir a Rusia a &quot;follar&quot; en lugar de &quot;apoyar&quot;... ¿Despiste? A mí me parece exagerado. Por sus caras, a los diplomáticos rusos, cuando les hacen la traducción simultánea, también :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(y justo después dice que el paro está peor que nunca)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTxwpcFk9YI&amp;amp;feature=fvwrel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTxwpcFk9YI&amp;amp;feature=fvwrel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the explanation is much simpler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Politicians, unfortunately and despite what some may think, do not speak well. It's a fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all probability what he meant was &quot;shocked/worried&quot; (consternados). What is more worrying is that not everyone is aware, like you, that what they say makes no sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those who think that it is true that politicians speak correctly, look at how they use (in spanish) &quot;deber&quot; or &quot;deber de&quot;. The first indicates obligation, the second assumption. Well, look at it and you will see that 10 out of 10 times it's misused. Just look it for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible explanation is that they do it on purpose so that we look more at fault than at the situation in the country ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes to my mind a &quot;&quot;fail&quot;&quot; of our former president, saying we should go to Russia to &quot;fuck&quot; instead of &quot;support&quot; ... A fail? It seems to me too exaggerated. On their faces, the Russian diplomats, when they ear simultaneous translation, show how the fail is too much ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(just after this, he says the unemployment is worse than ever)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTxwpcFk9YI&amp;amp;feature=fvwrel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTxwpcFk9YI&amp;amp;feature=fvwrel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T04:02:48.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2242" CreationDate="2012-05-18T04:23:34.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, when your are going to have a &quot;test&quot;, normally means that the exam will be short and most of times of type &quot;Check the right answer: a, b, c or d&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are going to have &quot;just an exam&quot;, normally you should expect be asked to write down a quite elaborated answer to each question in the exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T04:23:34.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-05-18T04:36:31.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nor in spanish neither in any language, that's wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only possible aim of using the dollar symbol would be to say &quot;Hey, this number means money/coins&quot;, not potatoes or trees. I mean, as &quot;world-accepted-symbol-for-money&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since they put &quot;pesos&quot; right after it... I imagine that advertisers may have thought that putting there that symbol people would pay more attention... Ad maybe they got it ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T04:36:31.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-05-18T09:32:41.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is “$5 pesos” proper form in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, but it may be more common in some countries than others, also in some countries the $ symbol or the word &quot;pesos&quot; may be found redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The $ symbol is a world accepted symbol for money (although some countries may claim ownership), the fact is that is widely used to represent a currency or money in a lot of countries. Currently there is around 10 to 15 countries that use only the $ symbol to represent their currency, also there are some other countries that will use the $ symbol plus a letter before and/or after (Australian dollar = A$).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;In the case of the photo showing the phrase &quot;$5 pesos&quot; it is and is not redundant. Is just an old grammar rule where because the number (digit) represents a currency it must have it's symbol, the case would be different if the phrase was &quot;cinco pesos&quot;.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currencies &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nishitpatel.in/currency-names-and-symbols-of-all-countries-in-the-world/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nishitpatel.in/currency-names-and-symbols-of-all-countries-in-the-world/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if curious enough just put $5 pesos in Google to see how widely is used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no rule, or a grammar rule while working with currencies, every country has it's own &quot;popular&quot; rules as to how to write currencies, there is some widely spread rules for cheques and other bank related procedures where the person must write currencies, these will vary (not too much) from region to region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the poster I wonder if the poster is from Mexico since it seems like a common way to write promotional adverts there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both ways are ok since you must apply a bit of common sence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;$ = currency (which ? you may know or not)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5 = amount&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pesos = name of the currency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quick note&lt;/strong&gt; Becalos is an University or similar in Mexico, the ad is from Mexico, place where is more common to see currencies and values to be written in that way because the proximity with USA which also uses the same currency symbol and due to the fact that the country also uses both currencies or at least the use of both currencies is much more common that other Latin countries. An before somebody jumps here on that, there is some other ways to express Usa's currency like U$s / U$ or USD but the symbol more widely used still the &quot;$&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2&lt;/strong&gt;: Here are some similar cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uy7yU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://sdpnoticias.com/nota/347803/Ofrecen_5_millones_de_pesos_por_PFs_que_dispararon_en_el_AICM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sdpnoticias.com/nota/347803/Ofrecen_5_millones_de_pesos_por_PFs_que_dispararon_en_el_AICM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bj7nD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.omeanuncio.com/1/posts/9_AUTOS/39_Vendo_auto/28313_MASTV_TODOS_CANALES_LIBRES_YA_SIN_RENTAS_D_X_VIDA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.omeanuncio.com/1/posts/9_AUTOS/39_Vendo_auto/28313_MASTV_TODOS_CANALES_LIBRES_YA_SIN_RENTAS_D_X_VIDA.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GoyAk.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es-la.facebook.com/pages/Todo-a-5-y-10-pesos/120887474656557&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es-la.facebook.com/pages/Todo-a-5-y-10-pesos/120887474656557&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n1GiS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=411856328865958&amp;amp;set=a.170562859661974.49486.169632313088362&amp;amp;type=1&amp;amp;theater&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=411856328865958&amp;amp;set=a.170562859661974.49486.169632313088362&amp;amp;type=1&amp;amp;theater&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-03T16:43:35.940" LastActivityDate="2012-07-03T16:43:35.940" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-18T21:26:42.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concernido, como tal, no existe en el diccionario de la real academia española &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=concernido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;haz clic aquí&lt;/a&gt; para ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero generalmente es usada de acuerdo al contexto, el más común, es preocupado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, concernir significa atañer, afectar, interesar... puedes ver el detalle &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=concernido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="727" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T21:26:42.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-18T23:00:25.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Fundéu&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; dice justo sobre el mismo caso por el que preguntaba que &lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/Fundeu/status/202676710557233152&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;es correcto&quot;&gt;es correcto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con el sentido de &quot;afectar&quot; sería apropiado: estamos muy afectados...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T23:00:25.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2321" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2322" CreationDate="2012-05-19T13:40:07.243" Score="9" ViewCount="1562" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comunmente escucho gente decir &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;¿oye, te acuerdas de esa película?&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, así como también escucho &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;¿oye, recuerdas esa película?&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he creído que la acción de un &lt;code&gt;recuerdo&lt;/code&gt; viene del verbo &lt;code&gt;recordar&lt;/code&gt;, entonces cuando alguien usa &lt;code&gt;acordar&lt;/code&gt;, no me parece adecuado...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensan ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commonly I heard people saying &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;¿oye, te acuerdas de esa película?&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, the same way I heard &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;¿oye, recuerdas esa película?&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always believe that the action of &lt;code&gt;recuerdo&lt;/code&gt; comes from &lt;code&gt;recordar&lt;/code&gt;, so when someone uses &lt;code&gt;acordar&lt;/code&gt;, it doesn't seem appropriated...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you guys think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="727" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T07:57:33.073" Title="Acordar or recordar? What's the correct use? ¿Cuál es el uso correcto?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2321" CreationDate="2012-05-19T14:41:09.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is so small that people don't give too much care about which should be used. Also the use of each word is defined by been formal or informal (in some places)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acordar -&gt; Agreement between two or more parts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acordar -&gt; Used instead of recordar / &quot;no me puedo acordar donde puse&#xA;mis cosas...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a new variant to these two used in some places&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-acordar -&gt; Start to remember something again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If used on the sense of &quot;remembering&quot; like in ¿oye, te acuerdas de esa película?, The question implies that both persons where together watching the movie, while ¿oye, recuerdas esa película? the person could had seen the movie at a different time (not with the person that ask the question). Although This is not a rule, and may not be correct in all countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without been an expert I will say that personally, I will use one instead on the other depending on the case (formal or informal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question correctly I will say that the use depends quite a lot on the region/country and unfortunately there in no rule that can be successfully applied to all countries (since the use of the word or meaning given in some countries may differ from the sense or meaning of the word given by others in other countries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-05-19T17:44:20.890" LastActivityDate="2012-05-19T17:44:20.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2012-05-19T22:49:21.143" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the person says &lt;em&gt;buenas tardes / noches&lt;/em&gt; he/she is wishing to the other person to have not only one, but a few good afternoons or good nights. But still you can use the singular like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenga usted un buen día. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... una buena tarde para usted también.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una buena noche de descanso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these point and refer to one day/afternoon/night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;em&gt;Felices Fiestas&lt;/em&gt; (season greetings) used in Christmas. The point is to wish the other more than one day of greetings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can clearly say that the common becomes a rule with this one, simply because there is no reference to a rule of why is said in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T01:29:37.320" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T01:29:37.320" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2325" CreationDate="2012-05-21T02:57:51.043" Score="14" ViewCount="1689" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando una manera de decir &quot;My kind of &lt;strong&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en español. O una frase equivalente (que creo que es más adecuado y preferible). Como la manera que un estadounidense diría: &quot;this is my kind of party!&quot; cuando piensa que algo es guay/chido/bárbaro (muy bueno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero principalmente para mi web. Tengo una página titulada &quot;My kind of books!&quot; que me ha llevado a esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been looking for a way to say &quot;My kind of &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_&quot; in Spanish. Or a equivalent phrase (which I think is more likely and preferably). Like the way an American might say, &quot;This is my kind of party!&quot; when she/he thinks something is cool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But mainly for my website. I have titled a page &quot;My kind of books!&quot; Which led me to ask this question.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-23T07:26:31.357" LastActivityDate="2014-02-23T07:26:31.357" Title="&quot;My kind of ___&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2324" CreationDate="2012-05-21T12:56:54.500" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tipo de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estilo de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clase de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mi + tipo/estilo + de + something&lt;/strong&gt;  - or just -  &lt;strong&gt;mi + tipo/estilo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María no es &lt;strong&gt;mi tipo&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; chica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El rap no es &lt;strong&gt;mi estilo&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; música).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you want to add a clause to indicate what is what you don't like to do with it you have to use a definite article instead of &amp;quot;mi&amp;quot; (in this case you can also use &amp;quot;clase&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la clase de ... que...&lt;/strong&gt; - or - &lt;strong&gt;el tipo de ... que...&lt;/strong&gt; - or - &lt;strong&gt;el estilo de ... que...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María no es &lt;strong&gt;la clase de&lt;/strong&gt; chicas &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me gustan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Quijote no es &lt;strong&gt;el tipo de&lt;/strong&gt; libros &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; yo leo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La actividad de ayer es &lt;strong&gt;el estilo de&lt;/strong&gt; eventos a los &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; suelo ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-21T12:56:54.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2328" CreationDate="2012-05-22T06:56:56.160" Score="40" ViewCount="143716" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estaba estudiando Español, aprendí que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;let's go&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vamos,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pero cuando fui a México, lo único que oí era &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vámonos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  Le pregunté a una persona bilingüe allá, pero no supo la diferencia.  ¿Cuál es la diferencia? ¿Es solo en México, o es igual en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I studied Spanish I learned &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;let's go&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; but when I got to Mexico all I heard was &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vámonos,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  I asked a bilingual speaker there what was the difference but she couldn't tell me. What's the difference?  Is it specific to Mexico or would it be the same in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="736" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T11:04:29.087" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T17:51:10.450" Title="What's the difference between &quot;vamos&quot; and &quot;vámonos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2012-05-22T14:40:31.970" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before I answer I just want to say that this is by no means an &quot;official&quot; grammatical use of the two words, it it simply the way typical people would typically use it, and at least this is the typical way where I come from, which is Mexico City.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually &quot;vámonos&quot; would be used in a context in which you are leaving FROM a place, something like &quot;Vámonos de este lugar&quot; - &quot;Let's go from this place&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;vamos&quot; would be used in a context in which you are going TO a place, something like &quot;Vamos al cine&quot; - &quot;Let's go to the movies&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like I said, I am unable to give any grammatical explanation, only to show the way I have used these two words all my life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-22T14:40:31.970" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2012-05-22T14:50:11.093" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;When they have an imperative meaning like &amp;quot;let's go&amp;quot; both verbs can be interchangeable and can have the same meaning (see Sergio Romero's answer to see the difference). The question you may ask is why there are 2 ways of saying that and it's because the verb &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; is used many times in a pronominal way as &amp;quot;irse&amp;quot; with the same meaning. So we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vamos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vámonos&lt;/strong&gt; = Vamos + nos (&amp;quot;vamos&amp;quot; loses the final &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; when &amp;quot;nos&amp;quot; is added)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in the second case &amp;quot;nos&amp;quot; is placed after the verb &amp;quot;vamos&amp;quot; because it has an imperative meaning, so &amp;quot;vámonos&amp;quot; can't mean something like &amp;quot;we go&amp;quot;(if you want to say &amp;quot;we go&amp;quot; you should say &amp;quot;nos vamos&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to the conjugation table of the verb &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; you'll see that &amp;quot;vamos&amp;quot; is the present of the verb &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; (so it can also mean &amp;quot;we go&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;let's go&amp;quot; depending on the context). So you may wonder why a present can have an imperative meaning. The imperative in Spanish doesn't have a proper form for &amp;quot;nosotros&amp;quot;, so when that happens the &amp;quot;imperative&amp;quot; is formed with the present of the &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive mood&lt;/strong&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seamos buenos (verb SER)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cantemos una canción (verb CANTAR)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So following the same rule you may think it should be &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;vayamos/ vayámonos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. You may say that, though currently that form is only used in literature. But verb IR is a bit tricky in this case. It's done in a different way because of historical reasons (as it's explained &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=ir%28se%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in the 2nd point of this link from RAE&lt;/a&gt;). In the past, the present of subjunctive for &amp;quot;nosotros&amp;quot; could be both &amp;quot;vamos&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;vayamos&amp;quot;. Now &amp;quot;vayamos&amp;quot; is the only subjunctive form, but &amp;quot;vamos&amp;quot; is much more frequent when it has an imperative meaning (as inherited from the past). Here we have what it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma vamos es hoy la primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo pero en el español medieval y clásico era, alternando con vayamos, forma de primera persona del plural del presente de subjuntivo. Como resto de su antiguo valor de subjuntivo, la forma vamos se emplea, con más frecuencia que vayamos, con finalidad exhortativa: «Vamos, Johnny, vamos a casa que es tarde»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma de subjuntivo vayamos, con este sentido, ha quedado casi relegada a la lengua literaria: «Vayámonos de aquí». Lo que no debe hacerse en ningún caso es emplear hoy la forma vamos, en lugar de vayamos, en contextos que exigen subjuntivo y sin que exista, en el enunciado, intención exhortativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T07:13:50.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2321" CreationDate="2012-05-23T07:57:33.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acordar also have an acception with the same meaning as recordar so both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=acordar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=acordar&lt;/a&gt;, the 6 acception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;acordar.&#xA;(Del lat. *accordāre, de cor, cordis, corazón).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Determinar o resolver de común acuerdo, o por mayoría de votos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dicho de una sola persona: Determinar o resolver deliberadamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Resolver, determinar algo antes de mandarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Conciliar, componer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Traer algo a la memoria de otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. tr. recordar (‖ traer a la memoria). U. m. c. prnl. Acordarse DE un hijo ausente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Mús. Disponer o templar, según arte, los instrumentos musicales o las voces para que no disuenen entre sí.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Pint. Disponer armónicamente los tonos de un dibujo o de una pintura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. ant. Hacer a alguien volver a su juicio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. León, Bol., Hond. y Ur. caer en la cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. ant. Dicho de una cosa: Concordar, conformar, convenir con otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. ant. Dicho de una persona: Volver en su acuerdo o juicio. Era u. t. c. tr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. ant. despertar (‖ del sueño). U. en Salamanca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Ponerse de acuerdo. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="739" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T07:57:33.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2337" CreationDate="2012-05-23T18:23:33.803" Score="16" ViewCount="3177" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estudiaba español, estaba muy confundido cuando aprendí que &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;to know&quot; y &quot;to taste&quot;. Los dos verbos en inglés me parecen muy diferentes. ¿Cómo puede ser esto? ¿Cuál es la etimología de &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Existen algunas situaciones similares con &quot;to know&quot; y &quot;to taste&quot; en otros idiomas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When learning Spanish, I was very confused when I learned that &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; means both &quot;to know&quot; and &quot;to taste.&quot; The two English verbs seem very different to me. How did this come to be? What is the etymology of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, and are there similar situations with &quot;to know&quot; and &quot;to taste&quot; in other languages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T02:55:16.373" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T22:01:06.733" Title="Why does saber mean both &quot;to know&quot; and &quot;to taste&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2335" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2338" CreationDate="2012-05-23T19:20:06.463" Score="9" ViewCount="10856" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado unas pocas opiniones distintas para decir &quot;quédate con el cambio&quot; (es decir, lo que le dices a alguien a quien acabas de pagar cuando cuando quieres que se quede la diferencia como propina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la más universal en el mundo hispanohablante? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard a few different options for saying &quot;keep the change&quot; (i.e. what you tell someone you've just paid when you want them to keep the difference as a tip)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the most universal through the Spanish-speaking world? What regional variations are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Quédese con el cambio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Guarde el cambio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El cambio es suyo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:16:39.203" LastActivityDate="2021-03-15T16:00:04.810" Title="What is the most universal way to say &quot;keep the change&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;finanzas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2335" CreationDate="2012-05-23T21:11:45.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is really no &quot;universal&quot; way of saying it. Each of your examples is valid and will be understood in each and every Spanish speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing, if any, is that in any given country people may know you are not from there since the most common local way of saying it may not be the way you did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even where I come from, I've heard people say it in those, and other ways, even for example: &quot;Asi esta bien&quot; when someone is returning the change to you which literally means &quot;That's ok&quot; in that you are not expecting to get any change back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T21:11:45.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2012-05-23T21:28:43.260" Score="25" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, puedes encontrar rastros de ese tipo de coincidencias también en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;savant&lt;/em&gt; es una persona que sabe mucho. A pesar de que es un préstamo del francés, se usa bastante en inglés. Un &lt;em&gt;sage&lt;/em&gt; es también una persona sabia, alguien que sabe mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un plato &lt;em&gt;savoury&lt;/em&gt; es un plato salado o condimentado, lo cual se refiere al sabor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos términos &quot;sage&quot; (o &quot;savant&quot;) y &quot;savoury&quot; están relacionados con el latín &lt;em&gt;sapĕre&lt;/em&gt;, muy similar a &quot;saber&quot; en español que, como dice el OP, quiere decir igualmente &quot;to know&quot; y &quot;to taste&quot;. Tienen el mismo origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente en francés tenemos &lt;em&gt;savoir&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to know&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;saveur&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;taste&quot;). La explicación es similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota. Hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to taste&quot;) se refiere solo al sabor de las cosas, por ejemplo &quot;este pastel sabe genial&quot; (&quot;this cake tastes great&quot;); no puede usarse para expresar el acto de probar o saborear algo, por ejemplo &quot;would you like to taste the cake?&quot; o &quot;let me taste it&quot;, en estos casos, los verbos correctos en Español son &lt;em&gt;probar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;saborear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, you can find traces of that coincidence in English too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;em&gt;savant&lt;/em&gt; is someone who knows a lot. Although this is a loan from French, it is used in English often enough. A &lt;em&gt;sage&lt;/em&gt; is also a wise person, one who knows a lot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;em&gt;savoury&lt;/em&gt; dish is a salty or spicy one. This refers to the quality of taste.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;sage&quot; (or &quot;savant&quot;) and &quot;savoury&quot; are related to the Latin &lt;em&gt;sapĕre&lt;/em&gt;, very much like the Spanish &quot;saber&quot; which, as the OP says, means both &quot;to know&quot; and &quot;to taste&quot;. They have a common origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in French, we have &lt;em&gt;savoir&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to know&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;saveur&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;taste&quot;). Similar explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note. Please note that &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; (as in &quot;to taste&quot;) refers only to how something tastes, e.g. &quot;this cake tastes great&quot; (&lt;em&gt;este pastel sabe genial&lt;/em&gt;); it cannot be used to express one tasting something, e.g. &quot;would you like to taste the cake?&quot; or &quot;let me taste it&quot;; in these cases, the correct Spanish verbs would be &lt;em&gt;probar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;saborear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-03T20:41:38.893" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T20:41:38.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2335" CreationDate="2012-05-23T23:55:24.607" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have quite a few that I got working as a bartender in different countries and in places full of tourists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(omitted the ones that you already know)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Déjalo de propina -&amp;gt; Leave it as a tip&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cóbrame / cóbreme $20 (as ponted by CesasGon) -&amp;gt; charge me $20&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacelo $20 -&amp;gt; make it $20&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redondéalo | redondéalo pa riba  (it should be para arriba) -&amp;gt; round it up (I think)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Déjalo en la caja chica (caja chica commonly refers to the place where the bartenders and other professions keep their tips) -&amp;gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Así esta bien | déjalo asi |-&amp;gt; Leave it as it is / That is ok&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suya | suya maestro -&amp;gt; It's yours (maestro is used as a compliment when leaving a tip)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will think from my own experience that the first and the last one from your list are the most commonly used, and will be understood in quite a lot of places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Quédese con el cambio&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;El cambio es suyo&amp;quot; would be in my opinion the most used or easy to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I forgot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quédese con el vuelto‎ -&amp;gt; Keep the change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deje el resto -&amp;gt; let the rest of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-03-15T16:00:04.810" LastActivityDate="2021-03-15T16:00:04.810" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2339" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2341" CreationDate="2012-05-24T05:47:30.113" Score="6" ViewCount="2109" Body="&lt;p&gt;He tenido la impresión de que debo de usar &quot;lista&quot; cuando me refiero a una mujer.  Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella está lista para ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es común oír a mis amigas decir solo &lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto.  ¿Por qué no dicen &lt;em&gt;lista&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo puedo usar &lt;em&gt;lista&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Si ella dice &quot;estoy lista&quot;, sería femenino, verdad?  ¿O siempre es &lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-05-25T07:01:13.727" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T21:27:10.153" Title="¿Por qué mis amigas dicen &quot;listo&quot; en vez de &quot;lista&quot; cuando están listas para ir?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2324" CreationDate="2012-05-24T06:05:49.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kind is more generic word, you must refer to their equivalents on each circumstances&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tipo -&amp;gt; Type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clase -&amp;gt; Class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estilo -&amp;gt; Style&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the three of them looks similar and can be used on the exact same sentence, each one have its own particular meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BMW is the &lt;strong&gt;type&lt;/strong&gt; of car that you will enjoy to drive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BMW is the &lt;strong&gt;class&lt;/strong&gt; of car that you will enjoy to drive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BMW is the &lt;strong&gt;style&lt;/strong&gt; of car that you will enjoy to drive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could easily use kind on any of these examples. But...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cars and trucks are two type of vehicles. Type -&amp;gt; as in Category&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The sedan and the coupe have different class of interior. Class -&amp;gt; as&#xA;in Quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Ferrary have distinctive style if compared to other cars. Style -&amp;gt;&#xA;as in Design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will not use kind on any of these examples (I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your website I will say &lt;strong&gt;Type&lt;/strong&gt; since a more general description will suit all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type of books / Style of books / Class of books&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All three can be used to describe the same qualities of the book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: Que clase/estilo/tipo de libros te gusta leer ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: me gustan los libros bibliográficos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: Te gustan los libros de clase/estilo/tipo romantico ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: No, no me gustan los libros de ese/a estilo/tipo/clase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-27T17:58:36.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2339" CreationDate="2012-05-24T08:29:38.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usado como &quot;estar listo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chica hablando: &quot;(yo) estoy lista&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chico hablando: &quot;(yo) estoy listo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si omites &quot;estar&quot;, este verbo puede tener como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sujeto_el%C3%ADptico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;sujeto elíptico&quot;&gt;sujeto elípitico&lt;/a&gt; dos cosas: La persona que habla o la propia acción que se estuviera llevando a cabo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo el sujeto la propia persona, es exactamente igual que como &quot;estar listo&quot;, pero sin decir &quot;estar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chica hablando: &quot;[(yo) estoy] lista&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chico hablando: &quot;[(yo) estoy] listo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el sujeto es la propia acción que termina, entonces no se usa el adjetivo como masculino o femenino, sino como neutro o universal, que es español es como el masculino, y en este caso quedaría como &quot;listo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[lo que estaba haciendo está] listo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo que estaba haciendo&quot; sería el sujeto y &quot;está&quot; el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-25T21:27:10.153" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T21:27:10.153" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2339" CreationDate="2012-05-24T11:55:29.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usan &amp;quot;listo&amp;quot; como una expresión que significa en inglés &amp;quot;ok / Bien&amp;quot;, &amp;quot; Esta pronto / hecho&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;entiendo&amp;quot; pero solo como una expresión que no se usa en todos los sitios. El uso correcto es que apunta JoulSauron en su respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chica hablando: &amp;quot;estoy lista&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chico hablando: &amp;quot;estoy listo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They use &amp;quot;listo&amp;quot; as an expression meaning &amp;quot;ok&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;I'm ready&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;I understand&amp;quot; but just as an expression that is not used everywhere. The correct use is as JoulSauron pointed in his answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chica hablando: &amp;quot;estoy lista&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chico hablando: &amp;quot;estoy listo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T15:11:56.163" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2344" CreationDate="2012-05-24T14:15:15.460" Score="14" ViewCount="26400" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pregunta: ¿cómo se dice &quot;to flirt&quot; regionalmente?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que la forma correcta de decirlo es &quot;coquetear&quot;. Sin embargo, en México usamos la palabra &quot;ligar&quot;. He oído que en Chile usan la palabra &quot;jotear&quot;. Estoy buscando un verbo corto. Por ejemplo, &quot;ligar&quot; en vez de &quot;echar los perros&quot;. ¿Qué palabra se usa en los siguientes países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot;to flirt&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that the correct way to say it is &quot;coquetear&quot;. However in Mexico we use the word &quot;ligar&quot;. I've heard that in Chile they use the word &quot;jotear&quot;. I'm looking for a short verb. For example &quot;ligar&quot; instead of &quot;echar los perros&quot;. What is the word they use in the following countries? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T21:16:19.310" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T14:36:38.890" Title="¿Cómo se dice regionalmente &quot;coquetear&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2012-05-24T14:20:49.487" Score="9" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chamullar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Levantar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jotear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pinchar (es anticuado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tirar los cortes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ecuador&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buitrear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ligar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tontear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some sentences used instead of &lt;em&gt;ligar&lt;/em&gt;, just in case you find them useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Echar/tirar los trastos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Echar/tirar los tejos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meter/tirar fichas (algunas zonas de España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pelar la pava&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perú&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gilear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Uruguay&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cargar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ligar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Levantar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pelotear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T14:36:38.890" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T14:36:38.890" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-05-24T14:20:49.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-24T15:26:12.213" Score="3" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ways used to refer to another person besides the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Huevon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chavon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chavo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Loco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Compadre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could somebody point where and how each word could be used (e.g. place and context) and other possible variations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maneras de referirse a otra persona aparte de las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Huevon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chavon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chavo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Loco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Chico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Compadre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría alguien apuntar donde y como pueden ser usadas (lugar y contexto) y otras posibles variaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:16:33.560" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T02:50:19.727" Title="Ways used to refer to another person?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2012-05-25T04:18:22.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2345" CreationDate="2012-05-24T15:52:56.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All over Mexico you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Güey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is a deformation of the word &quot;Buey&quot; which means &quot;Ox&quot;. This word can be used in a multitude of ways and contexts as it can mean at the same time: dumb/stupid, friend, enemy, guy, among others depending on the way you use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que onda güey?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are greeting your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabrón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a more rude way of calling a person. He would have to be a really good friend of yours since this word can also be used to insult someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo México puedes usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Güey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es una deformación de la palabra &quot;Buey&quot;. Esta palabra puede ser usada de múltiples formas y contextos y puede significar al mismo tiempo: tonto/estúpido, amigo, enemigo, tipo, sujeto, entre otros dependiendo de la forma como lo uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dices algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué onda güey?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas saludando a tu amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabrón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es una forma muy grosera de llamar a una persona. La persona a quien llames así debe de ser muy amigo tuyo o le debes de tener mucha confianza ya que también puede ser utilizada para insultar a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T15:52:56.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2345" CreationDate="2012-05-24T16:09:03.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico and Central America:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/g%C3%BCey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;carnal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/paisano#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paisano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Venezuela and some other Caribbean countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Ecuador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ñaño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;causa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tipo#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tipo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;very informal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Mexico y centroamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/g%C3%BCey#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;carnal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/paisano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paisano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela y otros países del Caribe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Ecuador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B1a%C3%B1o#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ñaño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;causa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Agentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/tipo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tipo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;muy informal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T16:15:08.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2345" CreationDate="2012-05-24T18:36:19.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, entre amigos, todo el mundo dice “tío” (&lt;em&gt;guy, dude&lt;/em&gt;), desde el presidente del gobierno hasta la persona más humilde. La excepción podrían ser las personas mayores de las zonas rurales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la conversación normal, hablando coloquialmente, “tío” es universal en España. Llega a cansar, aunque en situaciones formales no se usa nunca. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras alternativas, menos frecuentes, se utilizan en contextos más reducidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-chaval (&lt;em&gt;lad&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-macho (&lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-colega, socio (&lt;em&gt;buddy, mate&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-chico (&lt;em&gt;boy&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-tronco (&lt;em&gt;buddy, mate&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-majo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un extranjero que resida en España, sobre todo si es joven, acabará diciendo “tío” sin darse cuenta, y deberá llevar cuidado de no emplear la palabra en situaciones formales o semiformales, o con personas mayores. El resto de las palabras que menciono son de uso más difícil y solo son comunes en ciertas situaciones o regiones. No son realmente necesarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las demás palabras que menciona el autor de la pregunta (huevón, chavón...) no se usan normalmente en España, aunque se entienden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2012-05-24T21:37:05.883" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T21:37:05.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2012-05-24T21:36:06.133" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, “flirtear” y &quot;coquetear&quot; son sinónimos y de uso habitual. “Flirtear”, anglicismo introducido en el siglo XIX y aceptado por la Real Academia Española, tiene un toque de modernidad. Una señorita del siglo XVIII podría coquetear, pero seguramente no flirtear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Ligar” tiene un significado un poco diferente: es algo más que flirtear, significa haber llegado a establecer algún tipo de relación amorosa o sexual, aunque sea superficial y pasajera. Si alguien ha ligado, no es solo que ha estado flirteando, sino que ha tenido éxito, hasta cierto punto al menos, con una persona concreta. Quien ha ligado, o ha entablado ya una relación sexual o tiene fundadas esperanzas de entablarlas pronto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que hay gente que consume mucho tiempo &lt;em&gt;intentando&lt;/em&gt; ligar y a lo mejor dice que “ha estado ligando”. Pero no, eso no es ligar. Y al que le pasa eso no es un ligón, sino seguramente un pelmazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2012-05-25T15:06:15.690" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T15:06:15.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-05-25T10:47:31.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con JoulSauron en que &quot;concernido&quot; existe y es correcto, aunque el uso en la frase de la pregunta, con el sentido más bien de &quot;preocupado&quot;, no es habitual y parece un anglicismo, como dice Nicolás. El sentido habitual de &quot;concernir&quot; es &quot;atañer, incumbir&quot;: si algo no te afecta o no tiene que ver contigo, entonces no te concierne y tú no te sientes concernido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy de acuerdo con Nicolás y Luis Sánchez, que dicen que &quot;concernido&quot; no existe, en primer lugar porque &lt;strong&gt;las palabras existen si se usan, estén o no en los diccionarios&lt;/strong&gt;, y en segundo lugar, porque ni el DRAE ni ningún otro diccionario recoge todas las palabras que se pueden formar por derivación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Concernido&quot; está bien formado a partir de &quot;concernir&quot;, existe y se usa, y la pretensión de zanjar este o cualquier otro debate con el argumento de que &quot;esa palabra no existe porque no está en el diccionario&quot; es, con todo respeto, una solemne tontería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mundo hispanohablante es vasto, de forma que lo máximo que un hablante individual puede afirmar de una palabra es que no la conoce o no la ha visto nunca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No olvidemos que decenas de miles de términos técnicos muy correctos de todas las materias y especialidades están ausentes de todos los diccionarios generales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2012-05-25T11:30:37.580" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T11:30:37.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2339" CreationDate="2012-05-25T18:05:44.220" Score="7" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se está refiriendo al hecho de terminar algo. Por ejemplo supón que una persona termina con sus tareas/actividades el podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Listo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es como una version corta de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto está listo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que quiere decir es que ya terminó de hacer algo. Por eso se dice listo sin importar si el interlocutor es hombre o mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is referring to the fact that something has been finished. Suppose that a person just finished his tasks/duties he/she could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Listo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is like a short version of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto está listo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What he/she wants to say is that he/she just finished something. That's why it is said &amp;quot;listo&amp;quot; regardless of the gender of the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T18:16:22.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2012-05-25T19:50:32.553" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España usamos mucho el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ligar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo es muy especial. Según yo lo entiendo, y habiendo vivido en Galicia, Madrid, y el País Vasco, en gerundio se refiere al acto de &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; establecer una relación (&quot;está ligando con Pedro&quot; = &quot;está intentando establecer una relación con Pedro&quot; o &quot;está intentando llevarse a Pedro a la cama&quot;), pero en pasado se refiere no al intento, sino al hecho de &lt;em&gt;haberlo conseguido&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;ligó con Pedro&quot; = &quot;estableció una relación con Pedro&quot; o &quot;se acostó con Pedro&quot;, no &quot;intentó acostarse con Pedro&quot;). Por eso, &quot;ligó con Pedro&quot; y &quot;estuvo ligando con Pedro&quot; son cosas &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T19:50:32.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2265" CreationDate="2012-05-25T22:58:39.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case you are leaving someone, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo que irme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T15:54:19.590" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T15:54:19.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2012-05-26T18:20:09.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se ha dicho, en el norte de España usamos también meter fichas. De hecho, aquí en Galicia casi nadie usa ligar o coquetear, sino que casi todos hablamos de meter fichas o de mojar. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Va, tía, te está metiendo fichas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Hoy el X moja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mojar normalmente viene de la expresión mojar la polla, usease, follar. Pero se usa tanto para chicos como para chicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tienes éxito, entonces te has liado con alguien (puede incluir desde besos hasta sexo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa a tener en cuenta es que aquí en Galicia, podemos tener comportamientos unos con otros en plan de colegas o de coña que mucha gente consideraría que no son propios si no estás ligando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="750" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:30:51.537" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:30:51.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2012-05-26T18:37:48.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard or used the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que mono!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que monada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que rico!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que ricura!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que lindo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Que simpático!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About guapo/lindo when talking about and adult, they have different meanings. Guapo means handsome, but here in spain, if you say: bueno, es linda, then she is definetely NOT handsome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡qué mono rico es!. That's incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="750" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T11:25:43.953" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T11:25:43.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2206" CreationDate="2012-05-26T18:48:52.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are widely accepted, but you could also use this other:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ya que estamos... (Now that we are talking about this..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then include a new question/comment/information/whatever related to the subject of the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="750" LastActivityDate="2012-05-26T18:48:52.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2012-05-26T18:54:58.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Que te cuentas? is used here in Galicia, too, as well as ¿Que me cuentas? and it is definitely a What's up type question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would answer it with:'No mucho' (not many things) and then I will go on and talk about anything new that has happened. However, if it really had happened something quite interesting, you could say 'Buf, muchísimo) (uf, a lot of things) instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="750" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:17:16.033" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:17:16.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2062" CreationDate="2012-05-26T19:32:44.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Socarrar might be it, but some of us also use chocarrar, which sound a bit closer to what you wrote (to me at least). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="750" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T00:02:10.557" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T00:02:10.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2365" CreationDate="2012-05-27T19:42:46.007" Score="7" ViewCount="2360" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He oído a menudo la expresión “suele ser frecuente”. ¿Es redundante? ¿Suena bien a pesar de la redundancia? ¿O bien suena mal y sería mejor decir solo “es frecuente”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suele ser frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have often heard the expression &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;suele ser frecuente&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; Is it redundant? Does it sound okay despite the redundancy, or does it sound awkward and would it be better to say &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;es frecuente&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suele ser frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T18:44:45.697" Title="¿Es redundante la expresión &quot;suele ser frecuente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2012-05-27T21:22:23.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are quite similar, but I would say &quot;vámonos&quot; is more used in situations where you want to say: &quot;let's go from this place&quot;. And &quot;vamos&quot; is more like &quot;let's go to X place&quot; (the emphasis is in the destination, not in the need to leave the current place). &quot;¡Vamos!&quot; can also be translated as: &quot;hurry up!&quot; or &quot;come on!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T21:46:55.393" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T21:46:55.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1960" CreationDate="2012-05-27T21:31:42.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think they are almost equivalent. I have the subtle feeling that &quot;rezar&quot; involves a bit more the notion of a &lt;strong&gt;being&lt;/strong&gt; (call it God, a saint, etc) taking part in a spiritual discussion, for example, there is one popular saying &quot;rézale a tu santo&quot;, that means: &quot;pray to your saint&quot;.&#xA;In the other hand I have the feeling that &quot;orar&quot; is a bit more general, you can do it creating a mental representation of a spiritual being, or you can just try to be in peace with the world (and with yourself) in the process, or anything else that does not necessarily involve a discussion with someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said at the beginning, this is just the intuition I have as a native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastActivityDate="2012-05-27T21:31:42.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2012-05-27T21:40:19.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Ecuador we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guineo.- It is what you call a banana in english.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verde.- A cousin of &quot;guineo&quot; that you use for cooking salty dishes, you never eat it raw. Its name come from its green colour. Sometimes it is called &quot;Plátano&quot;, or &quot;Plátano verde&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maduro.- The same as &quot;Verde&quot; but after it has become yellow and black, you use it for cooking sweet dishes and normally you do not eat it raw.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Orito .- Another cousin of &quot;guineo&quot; but it is really small and with a very particular taste.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="663" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T18:01:01.903" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T18:01:01.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1754" CreationDate="2012-05-27T21:50:03.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dichoso&quot; and &quot;feliz&quot; are basically the same, although &quot;feliz&quot; is used more often.&#xA;They represent mostly an inner state. &#xA;&quot;Alegre&quot; is often used to express an exterior behavior more temporal than the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy alegre&quot; could mean that I am always smiling, with positive energy, and so on (exterior signs of happiness).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;Soy feliz&quot; means that I am happy, or have peace, not only right now, but in general in my life and it does not necessarily imply that I am showing exterior signs of my happiness to the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand: &quot;estoy alegre&quot;, &quot;estoy feliz&quot; or &quot;estoy dichoso&quot;, have more or less the same meaning: &quot;I am happy&quot; (now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="663" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T16:38:23.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T16:38:23.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2360" CreationDate="2012-05-28T04:59:38.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE menciona en &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=soler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la entrada para soler&lt;/a&gt; lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;soler2. (Del lat. solēre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. defect. Dicho de un ser vivo: Tener costumbre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. defect. Dicho de un hecho o de una cosa: Ser frecuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijándonos en la segunda acepción, vemos que &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; significa, cuando se hace referencia a un hecho, lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;ser frecuente&lt;/em&gt;, así que sí, &lt;em&gt;suele ser frecuente&lt;/em&gt; es redundante y podría usarse tan solo &lt;em&gt;es frecuente&lt;/em&gt;; sin embargo, las expresiones &lt;em&gt;suele ser lo más frecuente&lt;/em&gt;/ &lt;em&gt;suele ser lo menos frecuente&lt;/em&gt; son empleadas frecuentemente en el DPD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;suele ser frecuente&lt;/em&gt; sea redundante, es de uso tan extendido que yo no la consideraría como una expresión incorrecta; en el ejemplo concreto, tanto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suele ser frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se pueden utilizar, aunque yo preferiría la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T22:20:59.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2012-05-28T10:08:42.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some countries, &quot;plátano&quot; can be used to refer to the same fruit as &quot;banana&quot;.  In other countries, &quot;plátano&quot; is used only to refer to a plantain.  A plantain is slightly different from a regular banana, and is used somewhat differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="753" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T10:08:42.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1960" CreationDate="2012-05-28T11:48:14.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I consider “orar” and “rezar” as synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, “rezar” is much more usual when speaking; “orar” sounds more formal and even solemn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turns out that the DRAE introduces a distinction between both terms, defining “orar” as “hacer oración a Dios” and “rezar” as “dirigir oraciones a Dios &lt;strong&gt;o a personas santas&lt;/strong&gt;”. I am amazed to hear about this major difference for the first time in my life, although I suspect this supposed difference in meaning is obsolete; in any case, it’s vastly ignored by the people. I wonder if it subsists as a religious technicality, but I doubt it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T11:49:06.510" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T11:49:06.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="292" CreationDate="2012-05-28T21:22:44.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;ahora&quot; = &quot;now&quot; and &quot;ya&quot; = &quot;right now&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in a colloquial conversation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Cuándo debemos salir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Ahora cuándo? ¿En cinco minutos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡No, ya!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T21:44:28.127" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T21:44:28.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2265" CreationDate="2012-05-29T02:25:16.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have specific place you need to go? Without the reflexive, it may only makes sense with a particular destination, like &lt;em&gt;“Tengo que ir al médico mañana,”&lt;/em&gt; or rather more rarely perhaps if you’re making a progressive tense, like &lt;em&gt;“Tengo que ir cantando toda la noche,”&lt;/em&gt; as might be the case if you were in a &lt;em&gt;tuna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, a reflexive &lt;em&gt;“Tengo que irme”&lt;/em&gt; makes more sense, if what you mean is that you have to leave somewhere.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess there’s also &lt;em&gt;“Tengo que mear”&lt;/em&gt;, but that’s a difference sense of “having to go”.  And you probably don’t want to make that one reflexive.  :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T02:25:16.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2373" CreationDate="2012-05-29T16:22:38.103" Score="7" ViewCount="1446" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como hispanoparlante nativo y, yo considero, con un alto nivel en el manejo del Inglés, varias veces tengo dificultad para traducir expresiones de uso común y me acaba de pasar cuando quise agregar la versión en Español de una pregunta en nuestro foro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;As far as I can tell&quot; la he traducido de diferentes formas y de alguna forma como que no me siento muy convencido de que le he atinado. Mis intentos han sido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta donde sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta donde entiendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo que yo creo (el &quot;yo&quot; lo uso para dar énfasis al hecho de que es mi opinión)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según yo, cualquiera de los tres es correcto, pero no puedo evitar pensar que puede haber una mejor traducción para la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la traducción correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker and, what I consider, a person with high English speaking skills, I sometimes have a hard time translating common expressions and it just happened to me when I tried to add the Spanish version for a question on the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have translated &quot;as far as I can tell&quot; in a few different ways and I do not feel I have nailed it. These have been my attempts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta donde sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta donde entiendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo que yo creo (in this case the &quot;yo&quot;, which is &quot;I&quot; is used to give more emphasis to the fact that it is my belief.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell (no pun intended), any one of these three is correct but, I cannot help but think that there has to be a better translation for this expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T17:04:58.813" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T11:06:35.593" Title="Traduccion para &quot;as far as I can tell&quot; / Translation for &quot;as far as I can tell&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2372" CreationDate="2012-05-29T17:01:39.287" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, las que has pensado están bien, incluso a las dos primeras les puedes añadir el &amp;quot;yo&amp;quot; para enfatizar que es tu opinión personal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde yo sé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde yo entiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases alternativas que buscas pueden ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según veo (yo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según tengo entendido / Hasta donde tengo entendido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por lo que yo sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso puedes usar una traducción más literal de la expresión inglesa sin que tenga que ser un calco de ella, puesto que es ampliamente usada y tiene mucho sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta donde yo puedo decir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T11:06:35.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2360" CreationDate="2012-05-30T04:30:12.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suele ser frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me (Argentina) it is clearly redundant, and it sounds ugly. Actually, I wouldn't say I hear that expression usually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct (and natural) is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es frecuente que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suele suceder que al dejar el tabaco se ganen unos kilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or &quot;suele ocurrir&quot; or &quot;suele pasar&quot; or &quot;suele darse el caso de que...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T04:30:12.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2304" CreationDate="2012-05-30T07:47:34.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí, “usar” y “utilizar” son perfectos sinónimos en el sentido de “hacer servir una cosa para algo”. En mi opinión, “usar” es preferible en ese sentido, por pura economía lingüística. “Usar” da ligereza a las expresiones; “utilizar” suena cargado y rimbombante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Usar” es mejor palabra que “utilizar” por la misma razón que “influir” es mejor que “influenciar”, “ver” mejor que “visionar”, “devaluar” mejor que “desvalorizar”, “aclarar” mejor que “clarificar”, “impedir” mejor que “imposibilitar” y “contar” mejor que “contabilizar”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo reservo “utilizar” para casos especiales, por ejemplo cuando nos referimos a personas (tiene entonces un matiz que lo aproxima a “manipular”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T07:47:34.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2377" CreationDate="2012-05-30T10:09:58.183" Score="7" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero expresar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should come study with us tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No con un sentido de probabilidad (&quot;you are likely to&quot;) o de obligación (&quot;...or else you won't pass the exam&quot;), sino de deseo (&quot;you would have fun and it would be a rewarding experience&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría &lt;em&gt;deberías&lt;/em&gt; funcionar así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías estudiar con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to express:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should come study with us tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not in the sense of probability (&quot;you are likely to&quot;) or obligation (&quot;...or else you won't pass the exam&quot;), but desirability (&quot;you would have fun and it would be a rewarding experience&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &lt;em&gt;deberías&lt;/em&gt; work here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deberías estudiar con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="757" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-30T16:30:12.257" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T17:11:09.580" Title="Translating &quot;should&quot; expressing future desirability" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2376" CreationDate="2012-05-30T11:42:22.757" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que &quot;Deberías estudiar con nosotros mañana&quot; funciona a la perfección. Al igual que en inglés, el contexto nos dirá si la oración indica obligación o deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that &quot;Deberías estudiar con nosotros mañana&quot; works perfectly. Just like in English, the context will tell us if the sentence entails obligation or desirability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-30T16:31:30.663" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T16:31:30.663" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2012-05-30T20:38:16.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say: &quot;Puedes tutearme&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T20:38:16.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1006" CreationDate="2012-05-30T20:53:42.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &quot;tumba&quot; is a bit more general, a &quot;tumba&quot; is a place where a cadaver lies (a tomb in english). &quot;Sepultura&quot; implies a bit more the idea than the cadaver was put there with any sort of ceremony, or at least someone explicitly put the body there. There is the verb &quot;sepultar&quot; that I would translate as the action of covering something with soil or another substance. &#xA;I think the right translation of &quot;sepultura&quot; in english is &quot;sepulcher&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="663" LastEditDate="2012-05-30T22:21:02.447" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T22:21:02.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2012-05-30T20:56:48.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had problems with that when I was a child, and in high school I had a couple of friends with that problem (I think they never corrected it).&#xA;But I think unless you talk a lot with that person you will not notice it in many cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="663" LastEditDate="2012-05-30T22:25:04.003" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T22:25:04.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2012-05-30T22:26:53.987" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker, I would say you should try to write them everywhere, unless you are in a particular situation when writing with perfect orthography is difficult or impossible (e.g., writing an urgent SMS).&#xA;In general, many Spanish native speakers find it annoying to read Spanish texts without correct accent marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="1630" LastEditDate="2021-02-13T15:50:15.267" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T15:50:15.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2372" CreationDate="2012-05-30T23:59:43.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para agregar a la lista -&gt; hasta donde tengo entendido | según me parece / se / veo / creo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que halla una traducción exacta, diferente seria la cosa si la frase fuera &quot;As far as I know...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En my opinión &quot;As far as I can tell ...&quot; es una frase usada cuando elaboramos/expresamos una opinión, muchas veces sobre algo en el pasado (lejano o cercano). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante cabe remarcar que tell es mejor vista como contar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tell me a story -&gt; cuéntame una historia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;lo que te puedo contar&quot; y &quot;hasta donde yo te puedo contar&quot; no serian unas traducciones muy utilizadas, aun así mantienen o dan a entender algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente usa por ejemplo &quot;lo mas que te puedo decir/contar&quot; pero este es un termino el cual solo he escuchado en Uruguay .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T23:59:43.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2376" CreationDate="2012-05-31T00:25:31.827" Score="-1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que si utilizas &quot;deberías&quot; estas implicando un &quot;deber&quot; u obligación. Si lo que quieres es dar a entender es opcional (si la otra persona desea) creo que puedes utilizar &quot;If you wish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should come study with us tomorrow, if you wish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you wish, you should come study with us tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para hacerlo mas opcional puedes remover &quot;should&quot; y utilizar &quot;can&quot; en su lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can come study with us tomorrow, if you wish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you wish, you can come study with us tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;deberías&quot; you are implying a duty or obligation. If what you are trying to express is optional (if the other person feels like) I think you can use &quot;if you whish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make it more optional you can remove &quot;should&quot; and use &quot;can&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Both / Ambos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other variable to &quot;if you wish&quot;&#xA;Otras variaciones de &quot;if you wish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si lo deseas -&gt; If you wish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si quieres -&gt; If you want&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si te parece -&gt; If you feel like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si te gusta -&gt; If you like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerda que puedes agregar &quot;ti / tu&quot; para hacer la frase mas formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember you can add &quot;ti / tu&quot; to make the phrase more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T00:25:31.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="478" CreationDate="2012-05-31T02:00:09.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Costa Rica and I have to admit that yes &lt;strong&gt;&quot;surime&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a very peculiar word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of it is the name assigned to that peace of fake crab used in sushi, salads, etc. Costa Rica does not have big population of real crab, so, surime would be the &quot;perfect&quot; substitute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="759" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T22:28:45.333" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T22:28:45.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-31T12:08:09.190" Score="4" ViewCount="1027" Body="&lt;p&gt;En todos los idiomas se producen comparaciones con animales para expresar que una persona come o bebe mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, conozco las expresiones &lt;em&gt;to drink like a fish&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;to eat like a horse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España he oído los modismos &lt;strong&gt;“beber como un camello”&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;“comer como un animal”&lt;/strong&gt; (sin precisar qué animal). ¿Son las únicas posibilidades? ¿Alguien ha usado u oído comparaciones con otros animales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2012-05-31T16:47:59.353" LastActivityDate="2012-06-02T18:40:48.520" Title="Comer y beber como animales" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2385" CreationDate="2012-05-31T14:31:45.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México se usa mucho que cuando alguien, particularmente un niño pero también se usa con adultos :), come y su lugar queda muy sucio se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comes como pollito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico is very common that when someone, particularly children but it happens with some adults as well :), eats and his place gets very dirty you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comes como pollito (You eat like a baby chicken)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T14:31:45.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2385" CreationDate="2012-05-31T16:59:00.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas estas son expresiones latinoamericanas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como un cerdo: (Comer sin tener en cuenta lo que se come, o&#xA;  comer comida totalmente insana, o comer sin tener un fin)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como una hormiga: Asociado a la conducta anorexica, que&#xA;  desmenuza todo y solo selecciona lo mejor tomandose demasiado tiempo&#xA;  para hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como un elefante: comer grandes cantidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como un perro: comer de mala manera, con mal ánimo, o en malas circunstancias. Viene de &quot;a cara de perro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como mono: referido a la homosexualidad, despectivo. Ser&#xA;  homosexual (no asociado al acto en si de comer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego hay otros vulgarismos en diferentes argots no asociados a los animales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comer como lija nueva: rapido y sustancioso, con mucho hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Beber como esponja nueva: beber demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-05-31T17:02:38.683" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T17:02:38.683" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2376" CreationDate="2012-05-31T17:05:51.160" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es simple, para expresar deseo se utiliza el modo subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debieres estudiar con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo casi ningún hispano hablante lo entiende, porque hablamos muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mejor sería utilizar un condicional con una expresión de deseo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá estudiaras con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso peor, pocos hablantes de español hablamos con futuro. En jerga vulgar &lt;strong&gt;deberías de&lt;/strong&gt; decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ojalá pudieras estudiar con nosotros mañana.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Deberias ir&quot; es obligación, &quot;Deberias de ir&quot; es deseo. Y confundirlos es una falta gramatical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's sample, to express a wish you must use the subjuntivo mode:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debieres estudiar con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we speak very bad spanish, so any native will understand you. A better approach is use a conditional with a desire expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá estudiaras con nosotros mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Ojalá means &quot;I wish&quot;, from &quot;Oh Alá&quot;, from Arabic invassion on Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even worst, a very little natives speak with future. In a &quot;populum vox&quot;, you &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ojalá pudieras estudiar con nosotros mañana.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Deberias ir&quot; is an obligation, &quot;Deberias de ir&quot; is a wish. Confuse them and you will speak bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: I'm spanish teacher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="761" LastEditDate="2012-05-31T17:11:09.580" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T17:11:09.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-31T22:31:10.593" Score="5" ViewCount="621" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo es correcto usar &lt;em&gt;deberías&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;debieras&lt;/em&gt;? (significado y uso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is it correct to use &lt;em&gt;deberías&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;debieras&lt;/em&gt;? (meaning and uses)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-02T11:11:40.720" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T09:01:00.527" Title="Correct usage of debieras and deberías" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2389" CreationDate="2012-05-31T23:35:29.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excelente pregunta. La verdad es que la respuesta requiere una explicación gramatical profunda la cual no soy capaz de dar por lo que acompaño la respuesta con esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=4419&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;liga&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen ambas palabras se pueden utilizar indistintamente pero es mas comun ver &lt;em&gt;debieras&lt;/em&gt; en literatura, principalmente en textos antiguos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excellent question. Truth is that the answer requires a deep grammatical explanation which I am incapable of giving so I rather add this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=4419&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell both words can be used interchangeably but is more common to see &lt;em&gt;debieras&lt;/em&gt; in literature, mainly in older texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-06-04T14:30:08.977" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T14:30:08.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2389" CreationDate="2012-06-01T17:28:52.400" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas dos tienen el mismo significado, expresan una idea que sería recomendable ser ejecutada para obtener una consecuencia.&#xA;La base está en la forma condicional &amp;quot;debería&amp;quot;. Indica condición, aunque rara vez decimos la condición; ésta se deduce fácilmente por el contexto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deberías habérmelo dicho [para que hubiera comprado más comida].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debería haber estudiado más [para aprobar el examen].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el significado lo tienes claro, supongo que la duda te surgiría si una de las dos implica algún matiz especial en el siginificado. La respuesta es que no, y los puedes usar indistintamente.&#xA;Por lo tanto, lo único que varía es su uso. La diferencia con &amp;quot;debiera&amp;quot; (imperfecto de subjuntivo) es que éste es más educado y modesto, una manera de expresar cortesía. Según esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;fuente&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los verbos modales querer, poder, deber, saber, el condicional&#xA;simple puede ser sustituido por el imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debieras habérmelo dicho antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &amp;quot;debería&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;debiera&amp;quot; son intercambiables, aunque el último es formal o (muy) respetuoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T09:01:00.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-01T20:37:09.270" Score="7" ViewCount="7608" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He notado que las letras &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; de las palabras como: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/hueso/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hueso&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/huerta/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huerta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/huevo/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huevo&lt;/a&gt;  son pronunciadas como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;w&lt;/a&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (español) como el nombre &quot;Wenceslao&quot;, al menos aquí en México, en lugar de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Por ejemplo &quot;we-so&quot; en lugar de &quot;ue-so&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto un fenómeno fonético que se produce por ser diptongo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esta la pronunciación correcta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that the letters &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; from words such as: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/hueso/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hueso&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/huerta/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huerta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/huevo/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huevo&lt;/a&gt; are pronounced &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;w&lt;/a&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (Spanish) as the name &quot;Wenceslao&quot;, at least here in Mexico, instead of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. For example &quot;we-so&quot; instead of &quot;ue-so&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a phonetic phenom that is produced because of the diphthong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the correct pronunciation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-02T11:10:28.897" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:30:11.503" Title="¿Cómo se deben pronunciar las palabras que empiezan con &quot;hue&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2392" CreationDate="2012-06-01T22:19:19.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, es una malformación, de donde yo provengo es como &quot;güe&quot;, [güevos], [güeso], [güerta], pero es solo una malformación fonética ya que la manera correcta de pronunciar la palabra es [uevos], [ueso], [uerta], la letra &quot;H&quot; no tiene sonido en estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sucede en todas las palabras que comienzan con hue como: hueco, huelga, huella, huelo, huérfano, huerta, hueso, huésped, huesudo, huevo/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: puede ser güe o we.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro caso es el de las palabras que comienzan con LL, en algunos lugares puedes escuchar las palabras ser pronunciadas con Y (lluvia -&gt; yuvia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yep, it's a malformation, from where I come it's like /gue/ güevos, güeso, güerta, but it's just a malformation, a phonetic one, because the correct way to pronounce the word is /uevos/, /ueso/, /uerta/, since the &quot;H&quot; has no sound on these words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens in all words starting hue, like: hueco, huelga, huella, huelo, huérfano, huerta, hueso, huésped, huesudo, huevo/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: it can be gue or we.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another case is words starting with LL, in some places you can here these words been pronounced like Y (lluvia -&gt; yuvia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T10:00:25.293" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T10:00:25.293" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2389" CreationDate="2012-06-01T23:15:48.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estan mal las respuestas pero dejenme echar un poco mas de agua para clarificar el tema. O creo que mas bien que agua, gasolina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad no tienen el mismo significado y tampoco se utilizan indistintamente. El problema es como en todo, en la forma vulgar si se utilizan indistintamente y tienen el mismo significado. Esto sucede porque como bien te ha dicho JoulSauron, generalmente hay una elipsis y no se expresa el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si usaramos las dos a la vez... ¿Qué sucedería?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un claro ejemplo es la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Deberías pensar seriamente si debieras decir tales palabras&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es evidentemente que no prestamos buenas maneras en cambio a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Debieras pensar seriamente si deberías decir tales palabras.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(En general se expresa: &quot;Deberías pensar seriamente si deberías decir tales palabras&quot; o incluso: &quot;Debes pensar seriamente si debes decir tales palabras&quot;.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verás en primera instancia es importante el rol gramatical que juegan. Uno es el modo subjuntivo (que expresa lo posible, lo probable, pero no real) y el otro es del modo indicativo (aunque algunos consideran el condicional como un modo aparte), que expresa realidad, algo concreto (que sucedió, sucede o sucederá, salvo que esté mintiendo claro está).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto obviamente se nota más en ejemplos con el presente, errores tales como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si llego a ganar, triunfaría&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando en realidad es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si llegase a ganar, triunfaría&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Debieras decir tales palabras&quot; no es algo real, es algo que la persona pudo haber dicho o no, no lo sabemos. Quiza solo piensa en decirlo y no se anima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio &quot;deberías pensar&quot; sí es algo cuasi-real. Es un consejo, algo concreto, piensalo en este instante. Es dificil entender el rol gramatical en este caso, y es por lo tanto también que en la economía del lenguaje, en lo cotidiano se mezclan y se confunden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente esté aceptado cambiarlos, pero si es una pregunta académica, para sintetizar, la respuesta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juegan diferente rol en la gramática.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juegan diferente rol en la semántica a la hora de &quot;pensar&quot; en que una es una condición, y otro es algo probable pero no real.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Importa o alguien nota la diferencia? No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="761" LastEditDate="2012-06-01T23:20:51.337" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T23:20:51.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2398" CreationDate="2012-06-01T23:57:52.367" Score="5" ViewCount="4995" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el análisis gramatical de la siguiente oración? ¿Qué tipo de oración es?&#xA;Es decir, ¿qué funcion gramatical cumplen cada una de las siguientes palabras?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando la respuesta más precisa, soy todo ojos a posibles interpretaciones, análisis, incluso &quot;nuevas teorías&quot; o &quot;teorías propias&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Editado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impersonal con complemento directo:&#xA;Concuerda con el analisis mas certero a mi modo de ver, pero las oraciones o proposiciones impersonales tienen como caracteristica el verbo en plural. &quot;Tocan el timbre&quot;. En este caso debería de ser &quot;Hemos pan&quot; (o &quot;Han pan&quot;, si no fuera &quot;Ha pan&quot; la singular). Claramente el verbo &quot;haber&quot; no está usado como auxiliar, y mantiene su significado completo: poseemos pan, tenemos pan.&#xA;De más está decir (cosa que no especifíca la RAE al buen approach de CesarGon) es que (y en esto se equivoca a mi entender la RAE, una vez mas) la primera prueba de fuego para analizar un OD es transmutar la oración a voz pasiva (y no el pronombre átono). &quot;Tocan el timbre&quot; por &quot;El timbre es tocado&quot; puede realizarse perfectamente en una impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oracion simple con sujeto expreso simple:&#xA;Esta es la mas alejada de mis posiciones, sin embargo es viable en algunos aspectos. Hay con el significado de &quot;existir&quot; y lo que existe, es el sujeto, pan. Además concuerda en todos los aspectos, salvo cuando el sujeto cambia de número. &quot;Hay panes&quot;. Por lo cual me parece alejada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede cumplir la función de circunstancial, con una mirada un tanto abierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la Real Academia Española, por razones que no vienen al caso, sinceramente me parece que la visión que pueden tener deja bastante que desear, la cual en muchos casos es contradictoria u objetable; más allá de que nunca se ha preocupado por realizar lo que su lema propone. Pero es algo personal, prefiero realmente debatir el tema con personas interesadas y obtener nuevas perspectivas de análisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es un chiste, juego o test. Tengo tres diferentes respuestas y a las tres les encuentro errores y aciertos. Quiero conocer y aprender cómo se analiza en otros ámbitos fuera del mío. No es una pregunta con trampa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="761" LastEditDate="2012-06-03T19:45:45.127" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T19:39:50.620" Title="¿Cuál es el análisis gramatical de &quot;Hay pan&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2400" CreationDate="2012-06-02T16:52:35.630" Score="20" ViewCount="15192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vi un cartel fuera de una tienda que decía: &quot;Computadoras y ordenadores&quot; en un cuadro &quot;cubano&quot; fuera de New York City,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio, creo que ambas palabras significan &quot;computer&quot;. Pero, ¿hay alguna sutil diferencia entre las dos, por ejemplo, que una se refiera a &lt;em&gt;mainframes&lt;/em&gt; y la otra a PC, u otras diferencias entre tipos de computadoras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw a sign outside a shop that said, &quot;Computadoras y Ordenadores&quot; in a &quot;Cuban&quot; area outside of New York City.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At one level, I believe that both words mean &quot;computer.&quot; But are there subtle distinctions between the two, e.g. that one word refers to &quot;mainframes,&quot; and the other to &quot;PCs,&quot; or some other differences between types of computers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:10:48.313" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:14:24.750" Title="Difference between &quot;computadora&quot; and &quot;ordenador&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2012-06-02T17:48:22.707" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Computadores&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;computadoras&lt;/em&gt; (used in most Spanish speaking countries) and &lt;em&gt;ordenadores&lt;/em&gt; (used in Spain) are exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The singular is &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words they come from (&lt;em&gt;computer&lt;/em&gt; in English and &lt;em&gt;ordinateur&lt;/em&gt; in French) also mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never seen the feminine &quot;ordenadora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sign you saw is a mystery to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T15:53:11.910" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T15:53:11.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2395" CreationDate="2012-06-02T18:38:07.603" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una oración impersonal. El análisis es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay: verbo impersonal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pan: objeto directo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=haber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;uso impersonal de &quot;haber&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, punto 4; o también &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asmadrid.org/spanish/depto/gram/Imperson.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-06-04T10:23:12.430" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T10:23:12.430" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2385" CreationDate="2012-06-02T18:40:48.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Comer como un pajarito&quot; en España es comer muy poquito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-06-02T18:40:48.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2012-06-03T06:33:02.667" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Albertus is right. It will be of great help if you can tell us where did you read it.&#xA;In Argentina (DF) there's a vulgar-common difference, but in general this difference is used by people who don't know anything about hardware, and can't differ a notebook from a netbook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are the same, but &quot;computadora&quot; (for these people) is a PC (desktop), and &quot;ordenador&quot; is the abbreviation of &quot;ordenador portatil&quot;, like a notebook or netbook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T15:52:43.723" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T15:52:43.723" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2406" CreationDate="2012-06-03T07:18:00.643" Score="2" ViewCount="4275" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la resolución o las resoluciones al análisis de la siguiente oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Consideramos a Pedro un buen maestro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente no hay Complemento u Objeto Indirecto porque los dos aceptan migraciones a voz pasiva. Sin embargo me quedan mis dudas sobre aceptar la definición de doble complemento directo. ¿Alguien tiene algún análisis diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="76" LastEditDate="2012-06-03T10:17:25.790" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T09:59:57.380" Title="¿Doble complemento directo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="61" CreationDate="2012-06-03T07:31:51.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proof of Juan Manual works perfectly but I want to explain why its works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words (can be nouns, adverbs, etc) needs a preposition (&quot;de&quot;) before the relative (&quot;que&quot;). The relative, as you maybe know, it's a referencial to the first element that you want modify with a proposition. I'll be more clear with an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de aprobar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you replace &quot;aprobar&quot; (that works as a noun) with a proposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; aprobaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must use &quot;que&quot; because it's the relative of the proposition.&#xA;So, both of the following phrases are wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro aprobar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro que aprobaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, too many people in spanish don't &quot;mistake&quot; this. When someone really do a &quot;queismo&quot;, if almost because is an overcorrection, they fix a good way to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Returning to the topic, the real proof for an advanced speaker is replace the proposition by a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;functional word as some pronoun&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but the real proof is split the main sentence and detect the proposition and the relative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T07:31:51.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2276" CreationDate="2012-06-03T08:31:29.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, sorry for my very poor, poor english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References to read this answer:&#xA;Indirect Object: (OI) (Complemento Indirecto)&#xA;Direct Object: (OD) (Complemento Directo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've a little bad news for you. For a brief resume I will tell you that OI are never expected. And for the same reason, I will told you that you are in a very common mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll do a very little explanation of some points and then I will tell you why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An OI always requires an OD. But an OD doesn't require an OI.&lt;/strong&gt; If you have some syntagma that you think is an OI but is required, is an OD or something like (Complemento de Interés). Maybe this is the rule that you remember and you are on a confusion. You can find examples where OI doesn't require an OD, but is a lie, because you must say it con the context :D It's a trick, a common trick to proof a student by the way, lol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OI are always optional&lt;/strong&gt;. You can don't use it. Of course, you are saying the half of your idea, or less information, but is not grammar-required syntagma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use it, you can replace it by the pronoun. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By logic, &lt;strong&gt;if OI is not required by any grammar syntagma, the pronoun of an OI, neither.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In oral language is very common repeat something and it's correct. For example, the &quot;le&quot; is &quot;ella&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There can't be two differentes OI attached to the same verb. (Of course, if you don't want use an multiple nucleous OI or two different OI for two different OD. This rule is relative to: you can't put an OI without an OD)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'll explain you all the above points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's do it with your example, but change the verb to one that not requires an OD for clarification (it's more easy to explain, but the rule also works for a &quot;verbo transitivo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le compré algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I buy her something). It's ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I buy something). Yeah, I know, you are not saying to who, but... is a wrong sentence? No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I buy) Sure, fine. You speak like Tarzan, but it's ok, you can say it. &quot;buy&quot; in spanish is not a real-real verb that requires an OD like &quot;tener&quot; (have). (There are some discussions about this but is not respective to your doubt so... if you don't like the verb &quot;compré&quot; you can use anyone you want.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is OD and OI required? No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But let's try with the last combination:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(you will check soon what it's wrong with this, but please follow the line)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you don't say the OD, the OI automatically converts itself to a OD.&lt;/strong&gt; Because all OI needs an OD. You can replace the sentence by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La compré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But saying &quot;Compré a ella&quot;. &quot;La&quot; is &quot;ella&quot; and -oh my god-, &quot;la&quot; is not &quot;le&quot;, is an OD case pronoun! That's the reason that you never say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Le compré&quot; or &quot;Compré a ella&quot;. It's sound bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real sentence for this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Compré &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; ella&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it's sound bad again. And is not a correct sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This happens because the verb needs an OD? No.&#xA;This happens because the OI NEEDS an OD.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the rule. Check it with any verb.&#xA;People say it? Sure, people can say anything. But is not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, if you say &quot;La compré&quot; I must tell you that you 're in favor of slavery lol. You can't (or you don't must) buy people. You change radically by grammar the complete meaning of the sentence. This method is very funny and practical for kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's try it with passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algo fue comprado por mí &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por mí&quot; is the old subject, &quot;algo&quot; is the new subject, the old OD. OI, is OI. As usual. &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;THIS IS THE BEST WAY TO PROOF AN OD and an OI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only for oral reasons, we always repeat the OI but and if you don't repeat it, it's sound bad, but is fine. You can write it. But is has a more academic way to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré algo &lt;strong&gt;a/para&lt;/strong&gt; ella muy hermoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's just fine. Because you say the OD.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUT... (and HERE is the answer for your question)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try replace the OI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le compré algo muy hermoso. (OK!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try replace the OD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo compré para ella. (OK!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try replacing the both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le lo compré para ella. (BAD!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in spanish you can't replace both without using the reflexive. The correct replacement for this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo compré para ella (OK!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se&quot; is the &quot;le&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens with pronouns. Because &lt;strong&gt;IN ORAL&lt;/strong&gt; it's sound bad too many pronouns that you really don't know the real meaning (&quot;ella&quot;, &quot;algo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for you, it's sound bad &quot;dije a ella que..&quot; because...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(music for expectative) :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ella&quot; is a pronoun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dije a María que... (it's sound great!!!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maybe it's sound bad, but it's ok.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For finish this answer (I hope I could clarify it and don't mess you more with the topic),&#xA;this happens because any non-tonic pronouns is the replacement of declination case on latin. In latin this never can happens because you say what function (OI or OD) is working on the sentence with the word itself. But... here is the joke.. in latin (common latin, not academic latin) for  &lt;strong&gt;A LOT of declinations&lt;/strong&gt;,  OD and OI are the same, and a latin speaker must trying to &quot;read&quot; what is the sense of the sentence... by the context :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So... what?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The answer is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OI are never expected.&#xA;You can say the pronoun, the OI complete, or both.&#xA;But if you say the OI, you must say the OD.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, take care of &quot;Complemento de Interés&quot;. It's sounds like an OI, can be processed as an OI, but is not an OI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="761" LastEditDate="2012-06-03T09:01:33.153" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T09:01:33.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1977" CreationDate="2012-06-03T09:42:25.427" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both, but the original word (if any word can be original) is &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;quizá&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;qui sapit&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; meaning &amp;quot;Who knows?&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first documentation of the word appears on the famous work &lt;em&gt;Cantares del Mio Cid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allá dentro en Marruecos,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ó las mezquitas son,&#xA;que abrán de mí salto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quiçab&lt;/strong&gt; alguna noch,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ellos lo temen,&#xA;ca non lo pienso yo;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(At least that's what it says on my Latin etymology dictionary)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T17:42:26.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-03T10:48:47.900" Score="-1" ViewCount="925" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un artículo publicado en The Four Hour Work Week blog by Tim Ferriss llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fourhourworkweek.com/blog/2007/11/07/how-to-learn-but-not-master-any-language-in-1-hour-plus-a-favor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Learn (But Not Master) any Language in 1 Hour&lt;/a&gt; sugiere que la deconstrucción de un idioma es una de las cosas más importantes para aprenderlo. &lt;strong&gt;Por lo tanto, mi pregunta es: ¿cuáles son las traducciones gramaticalmente correctas de las siguientes oraciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An article from The Four Hour Work Week blog by Tim Ferriss called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fourhourworkweek.com/blog/2007/11/07/how-to-learn-but-not-master-any-language-in-1-hour-plus-a-favor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Learn (But Not Master) any Language in 1 Hour&lt;/a&gt; suggests that deconstructing a language is one of the most important parts of learning it. The article lists several basic sentences to translate into the target language as a starting point. Obviously Google is not much help getting translations when literal accuracy is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, my question is: what are the grammatically correct translations for these sentences in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is John’s apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I give John the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We give him the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He gives it to John.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She gives it to him.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I must give it to him.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to give it to her.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't give him the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I gave him the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will give him the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it probably goes without saying, but if there are regional differences or ways of translating these sentences into different types of phrases, those aren't the translations I'm looking for. The point of this is to learn proper sentence structure, not to figure out &quot;How a person would actually say xyz...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks so much for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="763" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T08:48:56.233" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T08:48:56.233" Title="¿Cómo se pueden deconstruir las siguientes oraciones? How to deconstruct these sentences?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="16" ClosedDate="2012-06-05T02:19:51.867" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2012-06-03T12:43:37.690" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;a Pedro&quot; es el &lt;strong&gt;complemento directo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_directo#El_complemento_directo_en_espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; puedes leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El complemento directo en español siempre se puede sustituir por lo, la, los, las:&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la única opción sería &quot;Lo consideramos un buen maestro&quot;. Si intentas sustituir &quot;un buen maestro&quot; por alguna de las partículas citadas anteriormente verás como no tiene mucho sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra nota de la misma página nos indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Al transformar la oración activa en pasiva, el complemento directo se convierte en el sujeto paciente&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;Pedro es considerado (por nosotros) un buen maestro.&quot; es correcta, mientras que si intentas convertir &quot;un buen maestro&quot; en sujeto paciente, la frase vuelve a no tener demasiado sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de complemento sería?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recurriendo nuevamente a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_predicativo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, esta vez en la última línea de un artículo que creía de relevancia, he encontrado esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El complemento predicativo aparece también con los verbos semicopulativos que forman predicados mixtos en frases semipredicativas: «Pedro se volvió tonto». Casi siempre suele ser un adjetivo, pero algunas veces (con verbos que signifiquen &quot;nombrar&quot; o &quot;elegir&quot; y &quot;reputar&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;considerar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) puede ser un sustantivo y puede ir precedido de como: «Eligieron presidente a Pedro». «Eligieron como presidente a Pedro». «&lt;strong&gt;Consideraba a Pedro su mejor amiga&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, creo que &quot;un buen maestro&quot; es un &lt;strong&gt;complemento predicativo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="661" LastEditorUserId="661" LastEditDate="2012-06-03T21:00:11.397" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T21:00:11.397" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2405" CreationDate="2012-06-03T12:54:02.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No leí el artículo, pero en cualquier caso, estas son las traducciones que me suenan más naturales, manteniendo la mayor fidelidad posible a la estructra gramatical de las originales. En muchos casos, los pronombres como él, ella, etc, podrían obviarse (y en la práctica se obviarían) si se sobrentendieran por el contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is John’s apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es la manzana de John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I give John the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le doy la manzana a John (also: Le doy a John la manzana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le damos la manzana (a él)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He gives it to John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se la da a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She gives it to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se la da a él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I must give it to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debo dársela a él (also: Tengo que dársela a él).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to give it to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero dársela a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No le doy la manzana (a él).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I gave him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le di la manzana (a él).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le daré la manzana (also: le voy a dar la manzana).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T12:54:02.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2395" CreationDate="2012-06-03T14:01:06.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay = Verbo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pan = Sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración Simple enunciativa impersonal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según la actitud del hablante la oración es enunciativa afirmativa.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enunciativas - Muestran la conformidad (afirmativas) o disconformidad (negativas) con lo expresado por el predicado de la oración. Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manama es fiesta (enunciativa afirmativa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jorge no acudió a la cita (enunciativa negativa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según la escritura interna la oración es incompleta impersonal.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unimembres o incompletas - Pueden ser nominales o impersonales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impersonales - Carecen de sujeto gramatical. Pueden ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eventuales - Se construyen el el verbo en tercera persona del plural.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gramatical izadas - Se construyen con los verbos ser, haber, hacer,&#xA;bastar, sobrar (solo en tercera persona).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reflejas - Se construyen con la forma se y un verbo en tercera persona&#xA;del singular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay algo que no me cierra y dudo de que esta sea la respuesta correcta :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T14:01:06.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2405" CreationDate="2012-06-03T20:07:27.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After we talk on the comments, I will try with a correct grammar &quot;translation&quot;. Take care that in spanish the &quot;elipsis&quot; is very often, so they can be sound bad, but are correct on their grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1: It is John’s apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It: esta / is: es / Jonh's: de John. / Apple: Manzana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es de John, la manzana. (Usual way to say it: Esta es la manzana de John.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2: I give John the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I: yo / give: doy / Jonh: a John. / Apple: Manzana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More accurate and grammar to say it: Yo dí a John la manzana.&#xA;Usual way to say it: Yo le [a John] dí a John una manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3: We give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros damos a él una manzana. (Nosotros le damos una manzana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4: He gives it to John.&#xA;  Él lo dió a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5: She gives it to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella se lo da. (to him: se, because there is a it, you can't use &quot;Ella le lo da&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6: I must give it to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo debo dárselo. Idem: dar + se + lo. This happens because the verb is in infinitive, the &quot;must&quot; carries the conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7: I want to give it to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero dárselo. Idem to 6. Le (se) works for masculine / femenine. The it is masculine because is neutral. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8: I don't give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no quiero darle la manzana. Common &quot;le&quot; because the &quot;Complemento Directo&quot; is the noun, not the pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;9: I gave him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le doy la manzana. Idem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;10: I will give him the apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le daré la manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing your homework about OD and OI on spanish, please ask for the grammar and Ill be glad to answer you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take care when you use a pronoun verb (dárselo) you must respect the accent rule for the ticks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;da: it's ok, doesn't carry the &quot;tick&quot; (tilde)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dalo: it's ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dáselo: must carry the tick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="761" LastEditDate="2012-06-03T20:15:29.940" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T20:15:29.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2395" CreationDate="2012-06-04T02:30:54.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda debe ser un verbo impersonal con un objeto directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una frase como &quot;lo hay&quot; apunta claramente a un objeto directo (&quot;lo&quot; no funciona como sujeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay otros verbos impersonales que se usan en singular, como &quot;hace frío&quot;, &quot;llueve&quot;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surely it must be an impersonal verb with a direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A sentence like 'lo hay' clearly points towards direct object ('lo' doesn't work as subject).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are other impersonal verbs which are used in the singular, like 'hace frío', 'llueve', etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-04T07:41:56.027" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T07:41:56.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2414" CreationDate="2012-06-05T09:56:39.623" Score="2" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro en una novela que estoy leyendo el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De entre todas las manías, sin duda la más habitual es hacer el amor&#xA;  por las mañanas. A esa hora los hombres siempre quieren y terminan&#xA;  sometiendo a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es aceptable la construcción “siempre quieren y terminan sometiendo”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se supone que en “siempre quieren” está elíptico el infinitivo “someter”, de forma que “siempre quieren someter” se ha reducido a “siempre quieren”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-06-05T12:01:33.857" Title="¿Es correcto &quot;siempre quieren y terminan sometiendo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2413" CreationDate="2012-06-05T11:56:31.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el autor quiere decir otra cosa distinta a lo que entiendes. Creo que el autor intenta decir esto: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A esa hora los hombres siempre quieren (hacer el&#xA;  amor) y (ellos, los hombres) terminan sometiendo a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, sí tiene sentido :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-06-05T12:01:33.857" LastActivityDate="2012-06-05T12:01:33.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2012-06-06T14:40:36.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a native speaker but...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other answers seem to be confusing &lt;code&gt;re-&lt;/code&gt; as a prefix and &lt;code&gt;re&lt;/code&gt; as a word, a slang equivalent of 'muy' (= very). As an example in context (from Gaturro, referring to a smartphone) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¡Está genial, re cool, re moderno!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="767" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:40:35.683" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:40:35.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2392" CreationDate="2012-06-07T07:27:54.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo aclararte que no se pronuncia &quot;guevos&quot;, sino &quot;güevos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ¨ indican que la letra &quot;u&quot; debe ser pronunciada, en vez de quedar muda (guerra vs. vergüenza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ende huevo, se pronuncia güevo, y, como tu mismo dices, tiene la pronunciación de &quot;wenceselao&quot; o &quot;welcome&quot;, por dar un ejemplo en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should let you know that &quot;huevos&quot; isn't pronounced &quot;guevos&quot;, but &quot;güevos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ¨ dictates that the letter &quot;u&quot; must be spoken, instead of being muted. (guerra vs. vergüenza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, huevo is pronounced güevo, and, as you say, it has the same sound as &quot;wenceslao&quot;, or &quot;welcome&quot;, to give an example of an english word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="772" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T07:44:46.253" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T07:44:46.253" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1590" CreationDate="2012-06-07T16:34:23.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not acceptable in formal writing, but we do that all the time. You cannot say it's incorrect. It is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salida coches&quot; and &quot;Venta garage&quot; is perfect Spanish for a sign. I'm punctilious (we all at StackExchange are, aren't we?) and, if I'm writing a report, the heading would be &quot;Notificación de enfermedades infecciosas&quot;: I would never dream of omitting the &quot;de&quot;. But in a file where I keep some documents I would write &quot;Notificación enfermedades infecciosas&quot; as a matter of course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eduardo is right: it's a case very similar to English headlines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think Diego Mijelshon is right. Spanish language is more flexible than that.&#xA;You can omit the &quot;de&quot; in a sign or in a &quot;post-it&quot;. &quot;Salida coches&quot; in a sign is natural Spanish. I think this is an important point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have voted up Eduardo's answer and down Diego Mijelshon's one. You can consider my answer as an expansion of Eduardo's one. It was just too long for a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was a great question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T16:34:23.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-07T20:17:46.013" Score="9" ViewCount="844" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing from Ybor City - Tampa, Florida's National Historic Landmark District. We have a main street which was awarded one of the 10 BEST Streets in America. It is 7th. Avenue. One man, Frank Trebin Lastra wrote one book - &quot;Ybor City - The Making of a Landmark Town&quot; in which he refers to our famous 7th. Avenue as &quot;La Sétima&quot; and has asked City Council and the Mayor to erect sign up and down the street with that spelling. When we tpye in &quot;La Sétima&quot; on your site - it says &quot;no es palabra&quot;. We the citizens and Tampa Natives want the signs replaced with the correct spelling of &quot;La Sé&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;tima&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a group of old-timers and one Spanish City Council person that states that both words are spelled correctly and are acceptable by RAE. I would like an official ruling as we go back to City Council on 6/28/12. Please clarify for me if both of the spellings are acceptable and correct or advise which is the current preferred spelling. Thank you so much for your time and trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="773" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-08T00:55:08.287" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:50:00.687" Title="Is &quot;la sétima&quot; a correct word?" Tags="&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2418" CreationDate="2012-06-07T20:39:38.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could not believe it when I saw it but, apparently it is correct as this Spanish City Council person stated. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=s%C3%A9tima&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is the RAE entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was born and raised in a Spanish speaking country and had never heard this way of saying &quot;7th&quot; but then again, Spanish is such a rich and old language that it would be foolish, to say the least, on my part to pretend to say I know my language fully and perfectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T20:51:39.343" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T20:51:39.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2418" CreationDate="2012-06-07T21:36:28.037" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the site and thanks for asking here. A quick search shows this issue has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/tourism/ybor-citys-seventh-avenue-8212-la-s233ptima-8212-will-always-be-la/1230254&quot;&gt;made it into the press&lt;/a&gt;! I'll preface my answer by saying I'm not a native Spanish speaker, and I'm only speaking from what I've learned rather than from personal experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, addressing the question of the opinion of the Real Academia Española (RAE), the official institution that regulates the Spanish language. The entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/setimo&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sétimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (or &lt;strong&gt;sétima&lt;/strong&gt;, the feminine version of &lt;em&gt;sétimo&lt;/em&gt;) is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. séptimo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, &lt;em&gt;sétima&lt;/em&gt; is a valid entry in the RAE dictionary as an adjective (also used as a noun) that means &lt;em&gt;séptimo&lt;/em&gt; (or seventh). The entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/septimo&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;séptimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; contains the actual definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que sigue inmediatamente en orden al o a lo sexto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both &lt;em&gt;séptima&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sétima&lt;/em&gt; are valid in the eyes of the RAE, but &lt;em&gt;séptima&lt;/em&gt; is the preferred spelling. The RAE publishes the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (DPD), which contains more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;séptimo -ma&lt;/strong&gt;. ‘Que va después del sexto’. Existe también la variante &lt;em&gt;sétimo&lt;/em&gt;, reflejo en la escritura de la relajación de la &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; en la articulación de esta voz (→ p, 5); pero en el uso culto se prefiere decididamente la forma etimológica &lt;em&gt;séptimo&lt;/em&gt;. Todas las palabras de su misma familia (&lt;em&gt;séptuplo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;septisílabo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;septuagenario&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;septuagésimo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;septingentésimo&lt;/em&gt;) conservan siempre la -&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-, tanto en la pronunciación como en la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link in that definition references the following paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La pronunciación de la &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; se relaja considerablemente en el grupo &lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt; situado en interior de palabra, pero solo es corriente su pérdida en &lt;em&gt;séptimo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;septiembre&lt;/em&gt;, que se pronuncian a menudo en el habla espontánea, al menos en España, [sétimo] y [setiémbre]; por ello se admiten también las grafías &lt;em&gt;sétimo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;setiembre&lt;/em&gt;, aunque en el uso culto se siguen prefiriendo decididamente las grafías con -&lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt;-. En todos los demás casos (&lt;em&gt;abrupto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aceptar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;concepto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;corrupto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Egipto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;óptimo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), la reducción de -&lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt;- a -&lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;- debe evitarse tanto en la grafía como en la pronunciación. Son excepción los participios de los verbos pertenecientes a la familia de &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt;, que por influencia de &lt;em&gt;escrito&lt;/em&gt; (forma usual hoy frente a la anticuada escripto), se escriben preferiblemente sin -&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-: &lt;em&gt;adscrito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;descrito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;inscrito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;suscrito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;transcrito&lt;/em&gt;, etc.; no obstante, en algunas zonas de América, especialmente en la Argentina y el Uruguay, son de uso normal las formas con -&lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt;-.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize in English, &lt;em&gt;sétimo&lt;/em&gt; is a variant of &lt;em&gt;séptimo&lt;/em&gt; that results from the relaxation of the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; sound. The &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; is relaxed considerably in spoken language in the middle of words containing the consonant cluster &lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt;, but only in &lt;em&gt;séptimo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;septiembre&lt;/em&gt; is it common enough that the versions without the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; are permitted by the RAE in writing. However, in educated or cultured writing, the version with -&lt;em&gt;pt&lt;/em&gt;- is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the eyes of the RAE, either version is permitted. The decision will have to be made whether to choose the preferred spelling or decide that the cultural history of the city and the dialect of Spanish spoken there make the alternate spelling a better choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T21:36:28.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2423" CreationDate="2012-06-09T20:20:56.727" Score="4" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significado difícil: &quot;sostenernos de una sombra&quot;. ¿Se refiere a una sustancia superior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difficult meаning: &quot;sostenernos de una&#xA;sombra&quot;. Is it said about а superior substance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Roberto Juarroz (Argentina)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  CUANDO EL MUNDO SE AFINA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuando el mundo se afina&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como si apenas fuera un filamento,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nuestras manos inhábiles&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no pueden aferrarse ya de nada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No nos han enseñado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el único ejercicio que podría salvarnos:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aprender a sostenernos de una sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="780" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-09T21:35:38.123" LastActivityDate="2012-06-10T12:02:42.160" Title="Sostenernos de una sombra" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2422" CreationDate="2012-06-09T21:33:57.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo creo. Probablemente, realmente esté diciendo que nos sostengamos de una sombra ya que el mundo se afinó y no podemos sostenernos de él, y por el contrario sería más fácil hacerlo de una sobra. Fíjate en la metáfora y la ironía ya que no puedes sostenerte de una sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think so. Probably he's really saying to hold ourselves from a shadow as the world is sharpened and thin and we cannot hold ourselves from it and it would be easier to do it form a shadow instead. Note the metaphor and the irony as you can't hold yourself from a shadow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-06-09T21:33:57.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2422" CreationDate="2012-06-10T12:02:42.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds to me like, learning to support ourselves or some kind of expression indicating we must learn to stand on our on feet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-06-10T12:02:42.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2428" CreationDate="2012-06-12T16:54:17.313" Score="4" ViewCount="2044" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish word for school board? If so, what would the translation be? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="332" LastEditorUserId="332" LastEditDate="2012-06-12T18:52:13.627" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T22:46:44.547" Title="Translation needed for &quot;school board&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2425" CreationDate="2012-06-12T17:08:06.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this probably varies regionally, but here in Argentina a school board would be a &quot;junta coordinadora&quot;, generally called simply &quot;coordinadora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Junta&quot; translates as &quot;board&quot;; the chairman of a &quot;junta&quot; is usually called &quot;secretario&quot;. Not sure about schools, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T17:08:06.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2427" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-12T18:53:30.677" Score="5" ViewCount="2152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there also a Spanish word for chairman? The ones I have seen for chairman are &quot;presidente&quot;  but that doesn't make sense to me because I immediately think of the word president instead of chairman.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="332" LastEditorUserId="332" LastEditDate="2012-06-12T23:46:18.017" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T23:58:19.977" Title="Translation needed for &quot;chairman&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2425" CreationDate="2012-06-12T20:17:58.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Consejo escolar&quot;, &quot;junta escolar&quot; or &quot;comité escolar&quot; would be the most neutral for any Spanish speaker, anybody would understand the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for US, the translation they use in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lahigh.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=165347&amp;amp;type=d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Los Angeles High School&lt;/a&gt; is &quot;consejo escolar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T20:17:58.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2427" CreationDate="2012-06-12T20:47:12.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated in the comments, &quot;Presidente/a&quot; is used in many contexts. You can be the Presidente of a fan club, a neighbour's community, any small association... It also applies for financial companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T20:47:12.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2427" CreationDate="2012-06-12T20:48:20.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Presidente&quot; or &quot;Presidenta&quot; is the exact translation for &quot;chairman&quot;, specially in corporate environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="783" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T20:48:20.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2425" CreationDate="2012-06-12T20:58:10.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;consejo escolar&quot; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="783" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T20:58:10.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2441" CreationDate="2012-06-12T20:58:52.843" Score="10" ViewCount="4845" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something I've wondered ever since I started learning Spanish about 8 years ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One often hears that the sound for &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; is merged in &quot;most accents&quot;. Wikipedia's &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia%3aIPA_for_Spanish&quot;&gt;IPA for Spanish&lt;/a&gt; guide, for instance, says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/ʎ/ merged with /ʝ/ in&#xA;  most dialects   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In metropolitan areas of the Iberian Peninsula and some Central&#xA;  American countries, /ʎ/ has merged into /ʝ/; the actual realization&#xA;  depends on dialect. In Rioplatense Spanish, it has become [ʃ] or [ʒ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I probably haven't seen &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; accent being described without an explanation to this effect: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;se cayó&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;he fell down&quot;) is homophonous with &lt;em&gt;se calló&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;he became silent&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I got that. However, &lt;strong&gt;in what accents are &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; merged&lt;/strong&gt;? What does that sould like? How would someone with such accent say e.g. &quot;calle&quot; and &quot;yo&quot;? (Please link to audio examples if possible!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, someone from Madrid pronouncing &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; identically most likely sounds &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; different compared to someone from Buenos Aires also pronouncing them identically (but using a voiceless [ʃ]). Is the same true for different areas where speakers &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; make the distinction? (In other words, do the actual speech sounds employed differ between several accents making the distinction?) Can you give examples of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2021-02-03T07:43:36.870" Title="What accents do not use yeísmo?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;yeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2427" CreationDate="2012-06-12T21:10:16.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=chairman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;presidente&lt;/a&gt;&quot; for most cases, but in few contexts you may look up the exact term. Looking at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=presidente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition&lt;/a&gt;, you can see that &quot;presidente&quot; covers anybody that is the head or leader of boards, clubs, associations..., not being important the size of the board or the powers and duties he/she may have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the gender agreement, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://fmmeducacion.blogspot.com.es/2008/01/se-debe-decir-la-presidente-o-la.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;recommended form&lt;/a&gt; for both men and women is &quot;presidente&quot; (el presidente, la presidente) as in others words ended in &quot;-ente&quot;, but it is widely used as well &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltGUIBusDPD?lema=presidente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la presidenta&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T21:10:16.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2425" CreationDate="2012-06-12T22:46:44.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe an alternative translation could be: &quot;junta escolar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T22:46:44.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="215" CreationDate="2012-06-12T23:02:14.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the case of Él, there is a pause before it.  If you were to break it down into syllables, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No iremos porque él no quiere ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No/y/re/mos/por/k/el/no/kyeh/re/ir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that the &quot;el&quot; part is its own syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No iremos porque el niño no quiere ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No/y/re/mos/por/kel/nin/yo/no/kyeh/re/ir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this one, you'll see that the last syllable of &quot;porque&quot; is merged with el.  Ending up with something that sounds like &quot;porquél&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T23:02:14.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2432" CreationDate="2012-06-13T10:57:45.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am &quot;yeísta&quot; in Spanish, even though I can pronounce the palatal lateral &quot;ll&quot; without effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not &quot;yeísta&quot; in Catalan, Portuguese or Italian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nowadays &quot;yeísmo&quot; is standard Spanish.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Spanish speakers cannot even pronounce the palatal lateral “ll”. Foreign students should not worry about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2012-06-13T11:03:41.933" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T11:03:41.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2440" CreationDate="2012-06-13T15:38:07.633" Score="2" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is for an ad I'm making. I translated &quot;A new world awaits&quot; like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un nuevo mundo le espera&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's correct, but I'm no expert &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T15:47:28.387" Title="Is this a correct translation for &quot;A new world awaits&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2439" CreationDate="2012-06-13T15:47:28.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is correct and you could leave it like that. That being said I'll add a couple of options so you can choose the one that works best for the way you want your ad to deliver the message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you translate this phrase the way you did you are, what it is called, &quot;hablando de usted&quot; it means that you are addressing the person who listens to your message in a respectful way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to address the person in a friendlier or less formal way you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un nuevo mundo te espera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could very well remove the (if I remember my grammar correctly) pronoun, and just leave it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un nuevo mundo espera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way you are not specifying if you are addressing the person in a respectful or friendly way but, you are also not specifying that the world is waiting for someone or for something or what.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T15:47:28.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2432" CreationDate="2012-06-13T16:25:37.553" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question tells much about the spread of yeísmo as it seems to be more common than the original pronunciation. The logical question would be &quot;Where do they use yeísmo&quot; to know where they pronounce &quot;ll&quot; as &quot;y&quot;, but as I said before, it is very spread now and I understand that you asked the opposite as you haven't heard it yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really suggest you to have a look at the article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yeísmo from Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;. There you can see in a map the exact areas where yeísmo is spotted and isn't. So, within a given accent you can spot that some areas where yeísmo is heard and in other don't. For example, in the Northern Iberian accent, in the northernmost part yeísmo is not that heard as in the South of Castille and Leon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know how to pronounce &quot;y&quot; (I guess you use /ʝ/, but I think you are also aware of the Rioplatense accent from your question). Remember that &quot;yeísmo&quot; is to not pronounce &quot;ll&quot; as in the original way, but in the way of how &quot;y&quot; is pronounced locally. This means that &quot;y&quot; is always pronounced the same, it doesn't matter if there is yeísmo or not. &quot;Yo&quot; is pronounced in the same way by a &quot;yeísta&quot; and a not &quot;yeísta&quot;. The point is how to pronounce &quot;ll&quot; as the original /ʎ/ of &quot;ll&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the original sound of &quot;ll&quot; is /ʎ/, and the lose of this sound in favour of the one used for &quot;y&quot; is called &quot;yeísmo&quot;. The sound /ʎ/ is not exclusive of Spanish, it exists in other languages and is called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_lateral_approximant&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Palatal lateral approximant&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File%3aPalatal_lateral_approximant.ogg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can hear the sound. Also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIJgA4n0RpM&amp;amp;feature=related&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this video&lt;/a&gt; is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtsLhOevHH0&amp;amp;feature=related&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in this video&lt;/a&gt; you can check the differences in the pronunciations between the &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; in different accents. In the Spanish and Chilean accents, the distinction is made, whereas in Argentinian (Rioplatense) and Cuban isn't. Note that the video is done in purpose to learn the differences, it doesn't mean that in all Spain and Chile is done this way. However, in Cuba and Argentina is not done. In Argentina &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; are always pronounced as [ʃ] or [ʒ]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-13T20:23:20.803" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T20:23:20.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2443" CreationDate="2012-06-14T02:32:13.853" Score="5" ViewCount="705" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he leído un libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is it, but any corrections would be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:59:34.613" Title="Is this a correct translation for “Today I read a book”" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2442" CreationDate="2012-06-14T02:59:34.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hoy he leído un libro&lt;/code&gt; is one correct translation.  Literally, that is &quot;Today I have read a book,&quot; although that form is used more in Spanish than in English.  You could also say &lt;code&gt;Hoy leí un libro&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T02:59:34.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2445" CreationDate="2012-06-14T03:41:09.133" Score="7" ViewCount="2273" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like someone's dropped something, or you found something on the ground. How do tell someone to &quot;pick it up&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard &quot;recoger&quot; (to collect) works. Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastActivityDate="2019-05-29T22:23:11.320" Title="How to say &quot;Pick up&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2444" CreationDate="2012-06-14T05:50:03.390" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Recoger&lt;/code&gt; is fine. Check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=recoger&quot;&gt;second definition in the RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recoger.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. recolligĕre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Volver a coger, tomar por segunda vez algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Coger algo que se ha caído.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's exactly &quot;to pick up&quot;. In fact, I cannot think of another way of saying it right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T05:50:03.390" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2449" CreationDate="2012-06-14T14:51:47.813" Score="27" ViewCount="101317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;claro&quot; (or &quot;claro que sí&quot;) and &quot;por supuesto&quot; appear to be used to say 'of course' in one way or another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any differences in how they are used? Is one formal and the other informal? Or are they interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="615" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-06-15T01:32:42.247" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T22:51:45.797" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;claro&quot; and &quot;por supuesto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-06-14T14:54:51.087" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there is not much to say here. They mean exactly the same and are both interchangeable in both formal and informal situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, &quot;claro&quot; can also mean &quot;clear&quot; when used as an adjective, of course in a completely different context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T14:54:51.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-06-14T15:34:26.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por supuesto&quot; could be more emphathised in some situations, but they are interchangeable 99% of times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="792" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T04:37:54.267" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T04:37:54.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-06-14T15:44:40.197" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Claro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por supuesto&lt;/em&gt; are synonyms, but &lt;em&gt;por supuesto&lt;/em&gt; is a little more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Imagine the Pope is at your home and asks for permission to use the&#xA;  bathroom. You would not say &lt;em&gt;¡claro!&lt;/em&gt;, you would say &lt;em&gt;¡por supuesto!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/em&gt; is “of course”. &lt;em&gt;Claro&lt;/em&gt; could be translated as “sure”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T15:44:40.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-15T04:44:26.127" Score="9" ViewCount="12688" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.genbeta.com/mensajeria-instantanea/como-puedo-chatear-con-traduccion-simultanea-genbeta-responde&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt;, y tiene la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una solución para &lt;strong&gt;salir del paso&lt;/strong&gt;. Da mejores resultados entre idiomas de origen indoeuropeo, como es de esperar. Pero si se necesita una traducción más fiable, o nos buscamos la ayuda de un traductor profesional o acudimos a opciones automáticas de pago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que &quot;salir del paso&quot; es una frase idiomática, ¿no?  ¿Pero qué significa exactamente? ¿Hay una frase de inglés que signifique lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-15T07:53:54.017" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T04:00:14.417" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;salir del paso?&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2454" CreationDate="2012-06-15T05:54:54.430" Score="7" ViewCount="36643" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.directoalpaladar.com/postres/la-clasica-torta-marmol&quot;&gt;esta receta&lt;/a&gt;, se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 cdta. de polvo de hornear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1 cdta. de esencia de vainilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google traduce &quot;1 cdta&quot; como &quot;tsp&quot; (teaspoon) y también como &quot;tbsp&quot; (tablespoon). ¿Cuál es la correcta?  ¿Y es una abreviatura de qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto, creo que &quot;teaspon&quot; es correcto, porque &quot;1 tablespoon&quot; (15ml) de esencia de vainilla sería mucho, pero quiero estar seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-15T13:55:50.020" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T00:51:31.853" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;cdta&quot; en una receta?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-15T06:22:01.293" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definiciónes del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/paso&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary&lt;/a&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;em&gt;salir del paso&lt;/em&gt; Hacer algo solamente para cumplir con una necesidad o una obligación, pero sin poner interés, cuidado o atención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) &lt;em&gt;salir del paso&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;hacer algo para sólo para cumplir una necesidad o una obligación&#xA;Es un buen pretexto para salir del paso y poder continuar con nuestro proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés: As a first step / In the first instance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T06:22:01.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-15T07:27:52.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt; sería una traducción casi literal de &lt;em&gt;una solución para salir del paso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt; puede no ser apropiado para todos los contextos, para el texto que citas me parece perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T07:27:52.427" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2451" CreationDate="2012-06-15T07:29:59.337" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;cdta es &quot;cucharadita&quot;, esto es, una cucharilla de postre, por lo que sí, teaspoon parece lo más apropiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T07:29:59.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-15T10:27:30.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado en inglés un modismo equivalente  a “salir del paso”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos intentos de traducción como &lt;em&gt;to pull through&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;to get out of trouble&lt;/em&gt; no parecen acertados, ya que significan más bien “salir de un apuro”, pero cuando hacemos algo para salir del paso, no necesariamente estamos en un apuro. A veces optamos por una solución para salir del paso simplemente porque el asunto nos interesa poco. A menudo hacer algo para salir del paso significa hacerlo solo para “cubrir el expediente” (&lt;em&gt;to keep up appearances&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más parecido que he encontrado a “salir del paso” son expresiones con &lt;em&gt;quick fix&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;quick fix&lt;/em&gt; tiene una connotación (positiva) de rapidez, mientras que salir del paso transmite una idea principal (negativa) de solución falsa, imperfecta o provisional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras expresiones relacionadas, pero creo que no sinónimas: &lt;em&gt;to do the bare minimum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;to do enough to get by&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T10:27:30.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-15T14:29:26.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=paso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según RAE&lt;/a&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paso1.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. passus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;salir alguien del ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Desembarazarse de cualquier manera de un asunto, compromiso, dificultad, apuro o trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente, se utiliza para indicar una situación o una solución &lt;em&gt;temporal&lt;/em&gt; a un problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy ingeniero, pero estoy en paro y estoy trabajando de camarero para salir del paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tubería goteaba, así que le he puesto un poco de cinta, para salir del paso hasta que venga el fontanero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la traducción al inglés, la única que se me ocurre es &lt;code&gt;get by&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T14:29:26.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2458" CreationDate="2012-06-15T19:09:10.197" Score="11" ViewCount="1163" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;Mi profesor viejo,&quot; your indicating your teacher old age-wise. I was wondering how you indicate that your talking about a past teacher. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:20:41.200" Title="How to say &quot;My old teacher&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2457" CreationDate="2012-06-15T20:25:53.410" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=ex&quot;&gt;ex&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=antiguo&quot;&gt;antiguo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi antiguo profesor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi ex profesor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-06-15T20:34:10.573" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T20:34:10.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-06-15T20:32:29.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are interchangeable, however, there is always a small difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;It's clear&quot; (I understand)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que si: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Of course&quot; (It's obvious, and I am very sure)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not everyone is sensitive to these subtle differences, but it doesn't mean they are not there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="796" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-06-27T17:55:47.637" LastActivityDate="2012-06-27T17:55:47.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2575" CreationDate="2012-06-16T12:28:02.167" Score="5" ViewCount="1367" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído las siguientes oraciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano menor se rompió la mayoría de vasos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi hermano menor rompió la mayoría de vasos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice que la segunda frase es correcta. ¿Pero por qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Su hermano no con el propósito de romper los vasos y así que necesita el &quot;se&quot;, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example I read from the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me caen las llaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It said that &quot;it wasn't me who drops them on purpose, the action was not intended to happen. Hence, the action is attributed to the keys, while the 'I' becomes an indirect object.&quot; and this is one of the uses of &quot;SE&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;According to the explanation, this is called &quot;accidental SE&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to the beginning example, &quot;the brother&quot; did not intend to break the cups. So this should be an &quot;accident&quot;, right? If we use &quot;SE&quot;, how to say it including &quot;the brother&quot; and the &quot;cups&quot;?&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this sentence:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi hermano se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why &quot;le&quot; is used? What does it refer to? Is it &quot;pronombre acusativo&quot; or &quot;pronombre dative&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of sentence structure is it? I wonder why when we say &quot;a mi hermano...le...&quot;, it means the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hermano&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; breaks the glasses &lt;strong&gt;by accident&lt;/strong&gt;?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the subject and object for this sentence?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is &quot;se le rompieron&quot; reflexive? Who do the action on the glasses? Who receives the action? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T17:54:34.550" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T04:20:52.763" Title="Uses of &quot;se&quot;: &quot;se rompió&quot; o &quot;rompió&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2460" CreationDate="2012-06-16T14:53:45.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. Mi hermano menor (sujeto) rompió (verbo) la mayoría de vasos (objetivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. La mayoría de vasos (sujeto) se rompieron (verbo reflexivo, acción sobre el sujeto)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(en inglés:A. My small brother broke the most of the glasses. = normal sentence, subject performs action of the verb on the object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; B. Most of the glasses broke (maybe when I dropped the box)) = Action of the reflexive verb on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastEditorUserId="734" LastEditDate="2012-06-19T19:33:54.430" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T19:33:54.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2460" CreationDate="2012-06-16T20:44:51.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La segunda frase sólo sería correcta si los vasos fueran parte de &quot;mi hermano&quot; por su carácter reflexivo como muy bien explica BrianA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que un ejemplo de uso con el &quot;se&quot; sería &quot;Mi hermano menor se rompió la mayoría de huesos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2012-06-16T20:44:51.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2457" CreationDate="2012-06-17T00:14:14.667" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably the literal translation is not the usual way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My old English teacher told me ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi profesor de inglés del año pasado me dijo ...&#xA;&#xA;Un profesor de inglés que tuve me dijo ...&#xA;&#xA;Archibaldo, que fué mi profesor de inglés, me dijo que ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-06-17T00:14:14.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2460" CreationDate="2012-06-17T12:38:46.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Going back to the beginning example, &quot;the brother&quot; did not intend to&#xA;  break the cups. So this should be an &quot;accident&quot;, right? If we use&#xA;  &quot;SE&quot;, how to say it including &quot;the brother&quot; and the &quot;cups&quot;? Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A mi hermano se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos&quot; or&#xA;&quot;Se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos a mi hermano&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to look at the verb tense and the agreement between the verb and the subject. With:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Tienes que mirar el tiempo verbal y la concordancia entre verbo y sujeto. Con:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano menor rompió la mayoría de vasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know that &quot;Mi hermano&quot; is the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sabes que &quot;Mi hermano&quot; es el sujeto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A mi hermano se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos&quot; has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reflexive verb&lt;/a&gt;. The subject is &quot;la mayoría de los vasos&quot;. &quot;Se&quot; is used here to indicate that, is what in Spanish we call &quot;se pasivo reflejo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;A mi hermano se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos&quot; tiene un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_reflexivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verbo reflexivo&lt;/a&gt;. El sujeto es &quot;la mayoría de los vasos&quot;. &quot;Se&quot; es usado aquí para indicarlo, es lo que en español llamamos &quot;se pasivo reflejo&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="711" LastEditorUserId="711" LastEditDate="2012-06-19T17:52:48.807" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T17:52:48.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-18T17:02:23.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión viene en realidad de un modismo castellano utilizado muy frecuentemente durante la edad media alta y corresponde a las gestas de caballería. Particularmente este modismo fue utilizado en las diferentes guerras de la españa moderna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un recurso muy utilizado, por ejemplo, por Cervantes para ridiculizar las novelas de caballería. Don Quijote suele confundir constantemente un episodio con un paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;Estar en un paso&quot; significó en su momento estar en un aprieto. Cuando alguien quería obtener una disputa con otra persona, le cerraba el camino, &quot;el paso&quot;, en clara muestra de combate. Cuando un caballero se pone al paso, es un desafío, como un duelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salir del paso&quot; era entonces la expresión que se utilizaba para demostrar cobardía o negación del duelo que se le imponía a esa persona, por lo cual el perdedor debía rendirse ante quien lo ponía en tal situación aceptando las condiciones dadas. En general era el héroe quien &quot;cerraba el paso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego esta expresión fue utilizada a &quot;salir de un problema sin solución&quot;, ya que un paso es un duelo que no se puede negar, una vez puesto en esa situación, ya no se podía más que aceptar o rendirse, incluso con la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mejor traducción en mi opinión es &quot;workaround&quot;, ya que es una expresión que significa justamente &quot;para este problema no hay solución específica, &lt;strong&gt;más que darle una vuelta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T17:02:23.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2444" CreationDate="2012-06-18T20:50:26.607" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some Latin American countries, &lt;code&gt;coger&lt;/code&gt; is common slang for &lt;code&gt;f**k&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;code&gt;recoger&lt;/code&gt;, is common slang for &lt;code&gt;f**k repeatedly&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could go with &lt;code&gt;levantar&lt;/code&gt; ... just in case :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T20:50:26.607" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2012-06-18T23:40:26.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look at the reference on Wikipedia, you'll see that it's not a matter of sometimes they're fricatives and sometimes they're approximants, but rather it's that scholars seem to be in disagreement as to whether they are fricatives or approximants (altogether). In the past, they were called fricatives, but new analyses seem to indicate that they are actually approximants because of the lack of turbulence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, the spirantized versions [β, ð, ɣ] are realized intervocalically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="649" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T23:40:26.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2469" CreationDate="2012-06-19T02:23:17.480" Score="7" ViewCount="2435" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English 1886 would be pronounced &quot;eighteen-eighty six.&quot; In Spanish, is there something similar? Or do people outright say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El año mil ochocientos ochenta y seis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="712" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-19T16:19:51.843" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:30:45.737" Title="Pronouncing years in Spanish" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2468" CreationDate="2012-06-19T08:06:29.450" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, in Spanish there is generally no way to abbreviate the years. The only time it is used is referring to the years in the XX century. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you remember that concert back in eighty-nine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdas ese concierto en el ochenta y nueve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than in that case, the full year is pronounced. Even for this century's years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you remember that concert in two thousand and five?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdas ese concierto en el dos mil cinco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T08:06:29.450" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2468" CreationDate="2012-06-19T11:20:13.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way to say years is the same as it would be a normal number, there is no distinction whether the number is a quantity or a year. So you are right with your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El año 1886.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El año mil ochocientos ochenta y seis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T11:20:13.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-06-20T18:41:35.150" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To find a &lt;strong&gt;temporary solution&lt;/strong&gt; for a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="804" LastActivityDate="2012-06-20T18:41:35.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2012-06-22T02:27:50.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico (Castilian-Spanish) the slang &quot;campo&quot; is commonly used, but I use &quot;encasillado&quot;, which people here equate to a box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:27:50.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2468" CreationDate="2012-06-22T02:30:45.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico, we use a short form like &quot;mil ocho ochenta y seis&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:30:45.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2480" CreationDate="2012-06-22T02:48:57.553" Score="10" ViewCount="5239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy el autor de una aplicación de computadora para administrar Casas de Empeños en Puerto Rico. Cuando un cliente debe tres meses de intereses, podría perder la prenda, pero si solo paga dos meses de intereses, el cliente se queda atrasado un mes para poner los intereses al día. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: El cliente empeñó una prenda el 1-feb-2012. Tres meses después, en 1-may-2012, el cliente solo pagó 2 meses de intereses y esta pago hasta 1-abr-2012. Yo estoy definiendo esta fecha como &quot;Fecha de Vigencia&quot;. ¿Hay alguna palabra que describa mejor esta fecha?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí un ejemplo de pantalla de transacciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YAf7t.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:34:55.143" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:39:03.603" Title="¿Qué palabra se usa para describir cuando un pago cubre hasta cierta fecha?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;finanzas&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2324" CreationDate="2012-06-22T02:56:25.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about mi &quot;preferido&quot;, &quot;preferencia&quot;, &quot;favorito&quot;, &quot;calidad&quot;, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:56:25.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-06-22T04:14:05.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pudiera ser fecha de vencimiento, fecha de término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T04:14:05.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-06-22T15:18:50.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías utilizar &quot;fecha de cobertura&quot;, entendiendo que &quot;el pago realizado cubre lo debido hasta tal fecha&quot;. O bien &quot;fecha de saldo&quot;, en el sentido de &quot;la deuda del cliente queda saldada hasta esta fecha, y le resta por saldar la deuda de esa fecha hasta la fecha actual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T15:18:50.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-06-22T19:14:10.343" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basándome en las aclaraciones que has proporcionado en los comentarios creo que, al igual que en inglés, no existe un término específico para describir esa fecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considero que tu mejor opción, sobre todo para evitar al máximo confundir a tus usuarios, es poner algo similar a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Intereses pagados hasta el XX-XXX-20XX&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De alguna manera así estas indicando que los intereses que los usuarios han pagado cubren únicamente hasta la fecha indicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:38:37.400" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:38:37.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2427" CreationDate="2012-06-22T23:58:19.977" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico, &quot;Chairman of the Board&quot; is translated to &quot;Presidente de la Junta&quot; or &quot;Director de la Junta&quot;, CEO = &quot;Director Ejecutivo&quot;.. To shorten &quot;Chairman&quot;, we use the slang &quot;Lider&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T23:58:19.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-06-25T16:25:49.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo trabajo en un equipo de Payroll para US/Canada en Accenture y solemos tratar con este tipo de formas todo el día. Creo que lo más adecuado debería de ser no la mejor traducción literal, sino la mejor expresión de la idea para que al usuario le quede claro y el programa sea intuitivo. Yo buscaría soluciones más cortas y simples como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Último pago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Último interés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Interes pago en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Interes pagado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pago efectivo desde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Último pago entrado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Última entrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Último plazo pagado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Último check in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;etc. Combinaciones hay miles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad sacaría las palabras que se dan por sobrentendidas: Si estás en una pantalla de -plazos-, se sobrentiende que &quot;último pago&quot; es del plazo. Y así sucesivamente: si estás en una pantalla de &quot;alquiler&quot;, &quot;último pago&quot; es del alquiler, o &quot;último alquiler&quot;, al ser fecha se sobrentiende que es el último pago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más, te recomiendo usar abreviaturas para palabras comunes en gente que se dedica a finanzas, o ni siquiera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últ. pago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Úmo. pago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:37:08.270" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:37:08.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2481" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2482" CreationDate="2012-06-25T16:50:18.960" Score="4" ViewCount="13628" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tanto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por lo ~.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Por consiguiente, por lo que antes se ha dicho, por el motivo o las razones de que acaba de hablarse. U. t. c. loc. conjunt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por tanto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Por lo que, en atención a lo cual. U. t. c. loc. conjunt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna diferencia ente una y otra? ¿Es intercambiable? Aquí en México se utiliza más &quot;por lo tanto&quot; de hecho al estar buscando en la RAE fue como me di cuenta de la existencia de &quot;por tanto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T16:23:40.063" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;por lo tanto&quot; y &quot;por tanto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2481" CreationDate="2012-06-25T23:23:41.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si usted no paga sus deudas, perderá su poder de crédito, &lt;strong&gt;por lo tanto&lt;/strong&gt; [1*], le será más difícil conseguir nuevos ingresos de dinero, &lt;strong&gt;por tanto&lt;/strong&gt; [2*], es de nuestro interés el recordarle que debe pagar sus deudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1* Por consiguiente / de ahí en mas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2* Por lo que / entonces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como lo has indicado en tu pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por lo ~.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Por consiguiente, por lo que antes se ha dicho, por el&#xA;motivo o las razones de que acaba de hablarse. U. t. c. loc.&#xA;conjunt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por tanto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Por lo que, en atención a lo cual. U. t. c. loc. conjunt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia es mínima hoy en día, al menos para ámbitos informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T16:23:40.063" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T16:23:40.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2481" CreationDate="2012-06-26T14:27:19.577" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay grandes diferencias, como bien dice cgc y user983248. Pero si a la forma gramatical o formal existe una diferencia bastante importante y cambia el modo de utilización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuestiones gramaticales, el &quot;lo&quot; es una -reduplicación- del objeto directo perdido que en gran parte de los casos es la causa o consecuencia misma. No nos damos cuenta de la diferencia mientras usemos proposiciones y no oraciones simples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general la expresión se utiliza como nexo copulativo entre proposiciones consecutivas, pero el &quot;lo&quot; se ha mantenido como un elemento residual de oraciones más simples como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan bailó bien, por lo tanto ganó el concurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde la gramática discute a veces si son dos oraciones proposicionales (para mí no lo son ya que tienen el mismo sujeto). Reemplazando podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan bailó bien, por tanto lo ganó [al concurso]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese -lo- es una forma de &quot;el concurso&quot;. Nos suena mal decir &quot;al concurso&quot; porque estaríamos repitiendo el OD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entiende mejor con este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan bailó bien, por lo tanto lo ganó (Suena un poco mal porque volvemos a repetir el OD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una elipsis común se puede eliminar el OD y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan bailó bien, por tanto ganó. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan bailó bien, por tanto ganó el concurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí podemos usar o no &quot;el concurso&quot; porque no se encuentra el &quot;lo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si ha quedado muy claro, pero básicamente, en oraciones simples sí es importante si se encuentra o no se encuentra. Cualquier duda me consultas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T14:27:19.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2457" CreationDate="2012-06-28T16:12:48.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you were referring to the previous, or immediately &quot;past&quot; teacher, I would say, &quot;mi profesor anterior.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:20:41.200" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:20:41.200" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-06-29T12:42:44.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This post must not be declared as an answer, is just for clarification:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina we don't read money signs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right when you say that is incorrect. The regular way to say it is (for example, a bank's check):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;$ 5,01 (pesos cinco con cincuenta y un centavo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we always put the sign phrase after the number:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;cinco pesos con un centavo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So because we say it in the wrong way, we read it in the wrong way and we don't care about the sign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you put &quot;5 pesos&quot; I will read &quot;5 pesos&quot; but if you put &quot;$5&quot; I will even read &quot;5 pesos&quot;.&#xA;If you put &quot;$5 pesos&quot; I will read &quot;5 pesos&quot; because is my natural way to read it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the rule to put it in Argentina is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5$ (cinco pesos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The $ before the number is a convention taked from banks and/or informatic system, because outside the Argentina the regular way is put the sign before the number. We always say and write the number after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="761" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T12:42:44.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2495" CreationDate="2012-06-29T16:11:49.413" Score="9" ViewCount="29071" Body="&lt;p&gt;I remember learning the rule for when to use &lt;strong&gt;cualquier&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;cualquiera&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;cualesquiera&lt;/strong&gt;, but was always confused about the exact differences. When should each be used, and what role do number, gender, and word placement play? Specifically, what should the translation be in the phrase &quot;any of us,&quot; and why is that the proper choice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T18:39:33.923" Title="What is the rule for cualquier, cualquiera, and cualesquiera?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2488" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-29T16:22:53.287" Score="2" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;For expressing the religious concept of being &quot;saved,&quot; what is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;salvo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;salvado&lt;/strong&gt;? Is there any difference in connotation or formality of the two words? Are there any contexts where one word would be correct and the other incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-07-24T01:10:46.133" Title="Difference between &quot;salvo&quot; and &quot;salvado&quot; (religion)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2494" CreationDate="2012-06-29T16:32:06.970" Score="1" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English word &quot;shrewd&quot; (as in &quot;a shrewd businessman&quot;) describes someone who is sharp, clever, crafty, or cunning. For example, a shrewd businessman might come up with a coupon offer that seems attractive, but when you read the fine print you realize that it is carefully designed to be difficult to redeem and results in the biggest possible profit for the owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish word that carries all these connotations? Does &lt;em&gt;astuto&lt;/em&gt; only cover the idea of being intelligent, or does it also imply the sly cunning that &quot;shrewd&quot; does?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T23:06:22.743" Title="Translating &quot;shrewd&quot; (as in &quot;a shrewd businessman&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2488" CreationDate="2012-06-29T18:02:47.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically the two terms mean the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said &amp;quot;salvo&amp;quot; is an adjective and &amp;quot;salvado&amp;quot; is the conjugation of the transitive verb &amp;quot;salvar&amp;quot; so the use of the words is slightly different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eres salvo / You are saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has sido salvado / You have been saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker I feel obligated to add that I have never heard the word &amp;quot;salvo&amp;quot; in a different context other than the religious one, which does not mean that it would be incorrect to use it only that it may not be that common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T18:02:47.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2490" CreationDate="2012-06-29T18:09:15.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the first time that I see this word, &quot;shrewd&quot;. By doing a quick search in wordreference.com you can see that it does mean &quot;astuto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if you look for the definition of &quot;astuto&quot; it actually does not mean &quot;intelligent&quot; but the entry reads as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;astuto, ta adj. Hábil, sutil, sagaz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in my opinion &quot;astuto&quot; would be used properly if you want to use it as calling someone &quot;cunning&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the sake of completeness, there was a TV show a long time ago, maybe during the 80s, called &quot;Wise Guy&quot; which was actually translated as &quot;El Astuto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T18:09:15.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2488" CreationDate="2012-06-29T18:10:58.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say, that at least in Spain, the only one of them used in Religion is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;salvado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, as a participle of the &lt;strong&gt;verb &quot;salvar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look up the definition in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;salvar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you'd see this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de Dios: Dar la gloria y bienaventuranza eterna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which I think it's the exact definition you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While for &lt;strong&gt;salvo&lt;/strong&gt; the closest meaning is probably:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fuera de peligro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is not the same. It's simply to be in a safe place or situation after being in danger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some resources through the Internet &quot;salvo&quot; is said to be an &lt;strong&gt;irregular participle&lt;/strong&gt; of verb &quot;salvar&quot; (though the official resource RAE only gives &quot;salvados&quot;). If &quot;salvo&quot; can be a participle of salvar then &lt;strong&gt;both forms&lt;/strong&gt; would be also acceptable. Maybe in the past it was used in that way but right now, at least in Spain, nobody says things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo he salvo mucha gente.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo soy salvo por Dios.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-06-29T18:37:52.903" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T18:37:52.903" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2490" CreationDate="2012-06-29T23:06:22.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it would be translated perfectly as &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/sagaz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sagaz&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se aplica a la persona que es hábil e inteligente y se da cuenta de lo&#xA;  que puede ocurrir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Astuto&quot; would be just &quot;clever&quot;, but &quot;sagaz&quot; would include the sharper and deeper connotations like your &quot;but when you read the fine print you realize that it is carefully designed to be difficult to redeem and results in the biggest possible profit for the owner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T23:06:22.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2487" CreationDate="2012-06-29T23:57:15.470" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Cualquiera&amp;quot; can work as an determinative adjective (used with a noun) or as a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2008/cualquier-cualquiera-cualesquiera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;In this site&lt;/a&gt; it is explained its use as a determinative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cualquier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt; form and it appears &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the noun, which can be both masculine and feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coge cualquier libro&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Lee cualquier página&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cualquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt; form and it appears &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the noun, which can be both masculine and feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coge un libro cualquiera&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Lee una página cualquiera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, use cualquier or cualquiera when you want to say &amp;quot;any&amp;quot;, one single thing. &amp;quot;Cualquier&amp;quot; is the shorted form, and &amp;quot;cualquiera&amp;quot; is the full form. Just pick any of them and be careful with the placement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cualesquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt; form and it appears &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the noun, which can be both masculine and feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coge dos libros cualesquiera&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Lee dos páginas cualesquiera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is quite spread the use of &amp;quot;cualquiera&amp;quot; in plural nouns, but this is not correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coge dos libros cualquiera*&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;About its use as pronoun, [in this site][2] we read:&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In its pronominal function, it's always &amp;quot;cualquiera&amp;quot;. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Esto lo sabe cualquiera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also take a complement preceded by &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Cualquiera de estas llaves abre la puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;So, having said that, let's translate &quot;any of us&quot;. &quot;Of us&quot; translates as &quot;de nosotros&quot;, that is, a complement preceded by &quot;de&quot;. So, it must be &quot;cualquiera&quot;, as it is in the pronominal form:&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquiera de nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-08-11T18:39:33.923" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T18:39:33.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2496" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2497" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" Score="0" Body="DO NOT USE -- This tag should be avoided." OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:06.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2498" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2499" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" Score="0" Body="DO NOT USE -- This tag should be avoided." OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:24.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2500" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2501" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" Score="0" Body="DO NOT USE -- This tag should be avoided." OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T00:55:45.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2503" CreationDate="2012-06-30T02:09:21.540" Score="3" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the English sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Call us when you leave so that we know that you're on your way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that it would be translated as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llámanos cuando salgas para que sepamos que &amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95; en el camino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is this: would the underscored portion ( &amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95;&amp;#95; ) be &lt;em&gt;estés&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estás&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think that it would be &lt;em&gt;estés&lt;/em&gt; because, as I understand it, the &quot;rule of thumb&quot; for subjunctive is that it is used in cases of doubt or uncertainty. As it is uncertain that &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; will call, it is also uncertain that he will be on his way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I correct in this understanding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="817" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T10:18:53.533" Title="Propogation of the subjunctive through clauses" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2502" CreationDate="2012-06-30T10:18:53.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is &quot;estás&quot;. If you know something, there is no uncertainty about that something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, to me it sounds more natural to say &quot;en camino&quot; instead of &quot;en el camino&quot;, but perhaps this is different in other regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es &quot;estás&quot;. Si sabes algo, no hay incertidumbre acerca de ese algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, para mí suena más natural decir &quot;en camino&quot; en vez de &quot;en el camino&quot;, pero quizás esto sea diferente en otras regiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="711" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T10:18:53.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2505" CreationDate="2012-07-01T16:50:18.943" Score="4" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he restablecido mi iPhone hoy, y estoy restaurando la configuración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el panel de configuración de Safari, hay una opción «Abrir enlaces» que tiene dos valores posibles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En página nueva&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En 2.° plano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo la primera, pero no sé lo que esta última significa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa «En 2.° plano» en este contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-01T18:39:57.040" LastActivityDate="2013-05-18T19:31:45.067" Title="¿Qué significa «En 2.° plano»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2504" CreationDate="2012-07-01T18:36:44.660" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es lo que en inglés se dice &quot;background&quot;. &quot;En primer plano&quot; es lo que aparece delante del todo.&#xA;Cuando abres la pestaña en &quot;segundo plano&quot;, te la abrirá, pero no perderás el foco de la página en la que estás ahora, seguirás viendo la página actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-01T18:36:44.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4021" CreationDate="2012-07-01T21:49:53.917" Score="11" ViewCount="8622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard Spaniards singing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Oe oe oe oe oe, ... oeee, ... oeee&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in soccer and other sports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where does this expression come from? Is it a Spanish expression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="683" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T06:35:04.633" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T14:24:59.470" Title="Where does the expression &quot;Oe oe oe oe oe, ... oeee, ... oeee&quot; come from?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2506" CreationDate="2012-07-02T01:36:24.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know the etymology of it, but I'm pretty sure it's &quot;olé&quot;, not &quot;oe&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olé is an interjection that is very typical of the bullfighting. (Well, not that I know anything about bullfighting, but to me &quot;olé&quot; definitely evokes that and other cliches about Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, there's a sports newspaper in Argentina called &quot;Olé&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T01:36:24.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2506" CreationDate="2012-07-02T02:12:05.783" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple search on Google for &quot;Olé, Olé, Olé, football chant&quot; or &quot;olé spanish meaning&quot; should lead you to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One evidence of the chant appeared in an article of the Spanish&#xA;  newspaper La Vanguardia from 1982. It was during the final match of&#xA;  the Spanish Football League that year. After Real Sociedad had been&#xA;  proclaimed champion, the people at the Atotxa Stadium in San Sebastián&#xA;  started to sing &quot;Campeones, campeones, hobe, hobe, hobe&quot;, which&#xA;  literally means &quot;Champions, champions, we are the best&quot;. The latter&#xA;  three words belonging to the Basque language. The chant expanded to&#xA;  the rest of Spain, and become known as &quot;Oé, Oé, Oé&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The word &quot;olé&quot; itself, being a Spanish interjection thought to be of&#xA;  Arabic origin, or derived from the Germanic in the Iberian peninsula,&#xA;  from which it also derives the English Hello and the neighbour&#xA;  Portuguese Olá, mostly associated with the bullfighting of last&#xA;  centuries, but also with the sports after the XIX century. It was&#xA;  chanted when individuals seemed to rise above themselves in&#xA;  performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The chant is used frequently in football games around the world, and&#xA;  can be heard in Montreal Canadiens hockey games when the team is&#xA;  winning. It is also used by supporters of the University of&#xA;  California, Santa Barbara's Gaucho intercollegiate sports teams,&#xA;  particularly the basketball and soccer programs, and led to the&#xA;  creation of a mascot, simply named Olé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is also used by the supporters of the Republic of Ireland national&#xA;  football team, especially in the song &quot;Put 'Em Under Pressure&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Argentina, sometimes the name of a person the people could be&#xA;  cheering to is added at the end; e.g.: &quot;Olé, olé olé ole, Die-go,&#xA;  Die-go! (referring to Diego Armando Maradona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some aclarations to make:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1. Its &quot;Olé&quot; and not &quot;Oe&quot; as some may claim&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From the same wikipedia page:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Olé, Olé, Olé (The Name of the Game)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In 1987, Roland Verlooven produced a more popular version of the&#xA;  chant, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Olé, Olé, Olé&lt;/strong&gt; (The Name of the Game)&quot;. It was recorded by a&#xA;  group known as &quot;The Fans&quot;, and published by Hans Kusters Music. It&#xA;  was released in Spain by Discos Games, and in Germany by ZYX Records.&#xA;  The text of it goes &quot;Olé, olé, olé, olé, we are the champions, we are&#xA;  the champions&quot;, but there are widespread misunderstandings of it&#xA;  rather being &quot;...we are the champs, we are the champs&quot; by many who&#xA;  have simply not heard and understood the lyrics correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link to the original song: -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0GmxnlXv3s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0GmxnlXv3s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2. Context of the chant&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Top of the World (Olé, Olé, Olé)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Top of the World (Olé, Olé, Olé)&quot; is a stand alone single from&#xA;  Chumbawamba. It was released in June 1998, and the single reached the&#xA;  number 21 in the UK Singles Chart. It was also featured as the UK's&#xA;  song on the World Cup 1998 compilation album Music of the World Cup:&#xA;  Allez! Ola! Ole!. Their 1997 album Tubthumper was re-issued with this&#xA;  song on the album.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;3. Open ears!!!&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quote by comments on this question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish and the people sing &quot;oé&quot; (NOT Olé) in many chants, for&#xA;  example in this one: youtube.com/watch?v=VJvz9Hpx_ho or in this other&#xA;  one: youtube.com/watch?v=NnXqD7_YnHU When they say Olé is just when&#xA;  your team passes the ball many times and the opponent can't get it as&#xA;  if it was a bullfight. – Javi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, the truth is that if you watch both videos using big speaker to amplify the sound you can hear clearly people using chanting Olé, Olé, Olé..., there is also some drunks as well as some others that don't know the full chant, and you can recognize them simply because their chant sounds more like &quot;Oé, oé, Oé....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That alone don't means that the chant is &quot;Oé, oé, Oé....&quot; or that there are two chants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that for some, search in Google it's incredibly hard and confusing, so here is a direct link to the reference on wikipidia. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%A9,_Ol%C3%A9,_Ol%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olé,_Olé,_Olé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="707" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T02:49:21.907" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T02:49:21.907" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2488" CreationDate="2012-07-02T02:20:34.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Salvo = Out of danger&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Salvado = Somebody helps or rescue the subject to be out of danger&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Salvo = Fuera de peligro&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Salvado = Alguien ayuda o rescata al sujeto para estar fuera de&#xA;peligro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T02:20:34.917" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2515" CreationDate="2012-07-02T21:04:49.543" Score="4" ViewCount="10665" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1855/difference-between-mas-and-mas&quot;&gt;Difference between “mas” and “m&amp;#225;s”&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is quite simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When does &lt;strong&gt;mas&lt;/strong&gt; have an accent? Mas can mean more but it has other meanings as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain to me not only the meanings but how to properly use it with accent and without it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T10:13:51.947" Title="¿Cuándo se le pone tilde a más?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-12-18T09:18:28.267" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2510" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:29:01.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word MAS is used in two context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverb. When you're trying to &lt;strong&gt;count&lt;/strong&gt;, taking into account the amount. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunction. When you're using for &lt;strong&gt;contradict&lt;/strong&gt;. You can say a synonym for 'but', 'however'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.G.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: Dame &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; cerveza más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2: Yo quisiera, mas &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; puedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="821" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T22:29:01.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2514" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:41:28.540" Score="3" ViewCount="447" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una aplicación estan las las siguientes listas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Size:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modified:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contents:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Points to:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MD5 checksum:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo trascribí las tres primeras pero las dos últimas no sé a que pueden hacer referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahora tengo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tamaño:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fecha de modificación:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contenidos:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apunta a:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comprobación MD5:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son correctas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="821" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-03T04:09:38.790" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:06:39.493" Title="How translate &quot;MD5 checksum&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2512" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:54:27.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Points to&lt;/strong&gt; significa en español &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apunta a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="822" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-07-02T22:55:38.307" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T22:55:38.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2512" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:54:39.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct would be the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tamaño:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fecha de modificación:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contenido:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apunta a:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comprobación MD5:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprobación means verification. And that's how you say it in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-02T22:54:39.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2510" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:55:11.227" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it actually is about the meaning. &amp;quot;Más&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; are different words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=m%C3%A1s&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Más&lt;/a&gt; can be comparative adverb or a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a comparative adverb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ve más rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es el más fuerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuimos más de diez personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué casa más bonita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a noun, is mathematical addition &amp;quot;+&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos más dos igual a cuatro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=mas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mas&lt;/a&gt; is an adversative conjunction. This means it is a linking word used to introduce a contrast statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace frío, &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt; ayer hacía más. (Hace frío, &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; ayer hacía más).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, the first &amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; works as a linker introducing the contrast sentences, whereas the second &amp;quot;más&amp;quot; is the comparative, as it is comparing how colder was than today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, write &amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; without tilde when you can substitute it by &amp;quot;pero&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;sino&amp;quot;. The rest of cases will be &amp;quot;más&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: As Carrigus Carraig comments, &amp;quot;más&amp;quot; is more frequent, you would never use &amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; unless you want to write something poetic, even in formal writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T10:13:51.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1301" CreationDate="2012-07-02T23:17:51.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cerote es como decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are a shit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="822" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-07-23T13:13:26.747" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T13:13:26.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2012-07-02T23:26:16.050" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&amp;quot; clarifies this matter in its entry &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=P6PwuG8FAD6cwKBfCr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;símbolo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. It's convenient to see what a &amp;quot;símbolo&amp;quot; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los símbolos son abreviaciones de carácter científico-técnico y están&#xA;constituidos por letras o por signos no alfabetizables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Symbols are abbreviations. As an abbreviation is the same word made shorter. It makes no sense to use the symbol and the full word at the same time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;50 K Kelvin*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ve al NO Noroeste.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pesa 5 kg kilogramos.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, it's incorrect to do the same for currencies, &amp;quot;$5 pesos&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;5 pesos pesos&amp;quot;*.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, in the same entry we find this about &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=P6PwuG8FAD6cwKBfCr#5b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monedas&lt;/a&gt; (currencies):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las monedas, el uso en España prefiere la escritura pospuesta y con blanco de separación, como es normal en el resto de los símbolos: &lt;em&gt;3 £&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;50 $&lt;/em&gt;; en cambio, en América, por influjo anglosajón, los símbolos monetarios, cuando no son letras, suelen aparecer antepuestos y sin blanco de separación: &lt;em&gt;£3&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;$50&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-21T17:32:05.837" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2521" CreationDate="2012-07-03T18:44:10.720" Score="8" ViewCount="33403" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when talking about common viruses people get, there are generally two categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_cold&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cold&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is generally mild and can come with runny nose, sneezing, coughing, sore throat etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is generally more severe and can bring fever, chills, fatigue etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, in Spanish both of these tend to be wrapped up in one word: &lt;em&gt;gripe&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the official and informal ways of referring to these diseases? &#xA;What regional variants exists?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T09:59:24.573" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T09:59:24.573" Title="Describing the common cold or flu in Spanish" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2012-07-03T18:50:44.063" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Mexico which is where I come from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say &lt;em&gt;gripe&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;gripa&lt;/em&gt; are used to refer to both the common cold and the flu. This is the colloquial way of saying it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be more correct to refer to the common cold as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;resfriado / catarro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and to the flu as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gripe / gripa / influenza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it is not that common, like I said, where I come from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-07-03T20:38:44.600" LastActivityDate="2012-07-03T20:38:44.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2526" CreationDate="2012-07-03T21:03:46.083" Score="12" ViewCount="1034" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an English speaker learning Spanish, I was always a little confused that it smells and tastes &quot;to&quot; something rather than &quot;of&quot; something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Huele a humo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabe a ajo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think of &quot;a&quot; as implying that the smell or taste goes from you to the object where &quot;de&quot; would better describe it going from the object to you. How do Spanish speakers think about this preposition? Is it simply &quot;the way things are&quot; or is there an intuitive way of understanding it? Can any other prepositions be used with these verbs, or must it be &quot;a&quot; exclusively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2019-07-21T19:54:06.980" Title="Why do oler and saber take the preposition &quot;a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2522" CreationDate="2012-07-03T22:59:30.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of prepositions is very idiomatic, both in English and Spanish; by that I mean that as a native speaker they just sound right to you, but when you're learning the language, often they don't make sense or seem arbitraty (at least, this has happened to me). And, well, I guess they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; is not the only preposition used with &amp;quot;oler&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot;. In fact, &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; is also used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El olor &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; las rosas (The smell of roses).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sabor &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; brócoli no me gusta (I don't like the taste of broccoli)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also heard &amp;quot;como&amp;quot; (as in &amp;quot;huele &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; ajo&amp;quot;), but it sounds a bit Spanglish to me ears (like a too literal translation of smells like garlic); perhaps it's just me, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, another option could be &amp;quot;huele como &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; ajo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;como&amp;quot; feels right (it adds there's a different nuance, some uncertainty to the statement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T17:18:37.540" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2522" CreationDate="2012-07-03T23:50:43.550" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a, ante, bajo, cabe, con, contra, de, desde, durante, en, entre, hacia, hasta, mediante, para, por, según, sin, so, sobre, tras, versus y vía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the bove are spanish prepositions. These words are auxiliaries to describe a number of situations that would make a sentece have the right meaning..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, &quot;Sabe a Ajo&quot; Sabe (taste) is the adjective that describe the flavor and ajo (garlic) is the descriptive portion of it. the sentence is describing that a certain item has the have a peculiar or predominant flavor to that bulb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The prepositions usually have a meaning by themselves, but they will help better describe what you are trying to say, same cases with the English language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meeting is between 2 and 3 o'clock. (La reunión es entre las 2 y 3 en punto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That tomato is between ripe and rotten. (El tomate está entre maduro y podrido)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The remote is under the couch.  (El control remoto esta bajo el sofá)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The bird flies to the sunset.  (El ave vuela hacia el ocaso)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That store does't opperate during the day (Aquella tienda no opera durante el día)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T17:00:28.900" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T17:00:28.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2522" CreationDate="2012-07-04T11:10:43.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions have different range of meanings in English and Spanish. An English preposition has its meaning spread across multiple Spanish prepositions and, conversely, a Spanish preposition has its meaning spread across multiple English prepositions. Usually the translation of the most used meaning is the one learned first, but you can't always make a direct mapping between both. I had the same problem when I learned English. Don't try to learn prepositions based on translating the meaning, but learn them on their Spanish meanings, without thinking about English translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full range of meanings for &quot;a&quot; is given in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE dictionary entry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="402" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2019-07-21T19:03:07.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2522" CreationDate="2012-07-04T16:10:12.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;From DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?val=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;prep&lt;/em&gt;. Precede al complemento de nombres y verbos de percepción y sensación, para precisar la sensación correspondiente. &lt;em&gt;Sabor a miel. Huele a chamusquina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just a preposition without any specific meaning used to indicate the actual sensation in these verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to introduce uncertainty with &quot;como&quot;, you still need the &quot;a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Huele &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; fresas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you can guess from the definition, there isn't a special understanding, it's &quot;the way things are&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might use the &quot;de&quot; when you want to refer to a sensation noun like &quot;sabor&quot; of a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sabor de la miel no me gusta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case, you are talking about a property of honey rather that the act of tasting as you may say &quot;el color de la miel no me gusta&quot;, it's not related to perceptions or sensation, so the case and use is different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T17:52:54.690" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T17:52:54.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2512" CreationDate="2012-07-04T21:38:14.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suma MD5&lt;/em&gt; se usa también. Ver por ejemplo el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo sobre MD5 de Wikipedia en español&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Oxford propone por &lt;em&gt;checksum&lt;/em&gt; las traducciones &lt;em&gt;suma de comprobación&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;suma de verificación&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;suma de control&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorUserId="278" LastEditDate="2012-07-04T22:06:39.493" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T22:06:39.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2012-07-05T11:28:04.947" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain everybody says &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt;. If you say &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; people will understand you but they will probably laugh or smile as it sounds weird. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computadora sounds like a literal traduction from English computer, and nowadays sounds &quot;oldy&quot;  in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of course is the same, but if you go to Spain you will realize that the use changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &quot;phenomenom&quot; happens for many words in Spanish;  in South America they have one common word and in Spain that same word sounds &quot;oldy&quot; or funny (a good example is &quot;celular&quot; and &quot;móvil&quot; for mobile phone). So it is good to think that there are two Spanish languages, the Latin and the Castellano. You have to choose which one to use for each particular situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="830" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T11:28:04.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2533" CreationDate="2012-07-05T14:08:38.610" Score="10" ViewCount="18068" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el caso de la palabra &amp;quot;internet&amp;quot;, tenía un profesor en preparatoria que comentaba que debería ser &amp;quot;la internet&amp;quot; puesto que &amp;quot;internet&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;la red de redes&amp;quot;. Sin embargo aquí en México cuando decimos internet decimos &amp;quot;el internet&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE internet es &amp;quot;nombre ambiguo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;internet&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amb&lt;/strong&gt;. Red informática mundial, descentralizada, formada por la conexión directa entre computadoras mediante un protocolo especial de comunicación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ORTOGR. Escr. t. con may. inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Este tipo de palabras con género ambiguo, ¿con qué género de artículo (masculino o femenino) deben usarse?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existen otras palabras como &amp;quot;internet&amp;quot; con género ambiguo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T17:49:16.487" Title="Las palabras definidas como género ambiguo como &quot;internet&quot; ¿se deben utilizar con artículo femenino o masculino?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2529" CreationDate="2012-07-05T14:43:05.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi muy personal punto de vista, el que más te guste es correcto. Conozco mucha gente de distintos países de habla hispana, y cada quien usa el género que mejor le parece y, en algunos casos, incluso gente del mismo país, algunos lo usan como masculino y otros como femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de este caso es el de &quot;computer&quot; (lo escribo en inglés precisamente por la ambigüedad del español).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos lugares dicen &quot;el computador&quot; y en otros &quot;la computadora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-17T17:49:16.487" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T17:49:16.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2529" CreationDate="2012-07-05T14:53:23.190" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que se usa como si fuera un nombre propio, así que lo correcto es usarlo &lt;strong&gt;sin artículo&lt;/strong&gt; y con la inicial en mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería igual de incorrecto decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;el Internet&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;la Internet&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;la Carmen&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;el Juan&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edito para incluir fuente:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=internet&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=internet&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Funciona a modo de nombre propio, por lo que, en el uso mayoritario&#xA;  de todo el ámbito hispánico, se escribe con mayúscula inicial y sin&#xA;  artículo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastEditorUserId="793" LastEditDate="2012-07-06T08:38:17.230" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T08:38:17.230" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2295" CreationDate="2012-07-05T16:04:44.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la frase original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en la creación de empleo todos estamos muy concernidos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el sentido de &quot;concernir&quot; tal como se describe un poco más arriba, es decir con el sentido de &quot;involucrar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usar &quot;afectado&quot;, &quot;consternado&quot; u otro &quot;preocupado&quot; sería modificar el sentido de la frase original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, &quot;todos estamos involucrados en la creación de empleo&quot;, tiene mucho más sentido, y para apoyar mi argumentación les comento que traducido al francés no queda ninguna duda ya que usamos este participio pasado en forma pasiva como adjetivo muy a menudo &quot;&lt;em&gt;concernés&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y con este exacto sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Origen latina: &lt;em&gt;concernere&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T16:40:44.003" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T16:40:44.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2529" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:05:10.087" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=ambiguo&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombre ambiguo&lt;/a&gt; es aquél que &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2007/nombres-ambiguos-en-cuanto-al-genero/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puede ser usado en másculino o en femenino&lt;/a&gt; y su significado no cambia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los nombres ambiguos en cuanto al género son aquellos que se pueden utilizar tanto en masculino como en femenino sin que cambie su significado. Algunos ejemplos son &lt;em&gt;mar, maratón, linde, dracma y azúcar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de Internet, por ejemplo, además de poder usarse la Internet o el Internet, en España al menos es muy usual verlo u oírlo como &quot;Internet&quot; sin artículo, aunque se usa en masculino: &quot;Internet es muy amplio&quot;. Otros, como tu profesor, prefieren el femenino: &quot;la Internet es muy amplia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la respuesta a sobre qué género usar en los sustantivos ambiguos es que ambos géneros están permitidos. Generalmente suele haber preferencias en cada palabra según el uso, tradición o área.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros nombres ambiguos como los que se dan en el ejemplo: mar, maratón, linde, dracma y azúcar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El mar o la mar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El maratón o la maratón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El linde o la linde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El dracma o la dracma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El azúcar o la azúcar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya he dicho antes, el uso de uno u otra género puede depender de cómo se haya usado tradicionalmente en una zona (caso de Internet), o del contexto en el que se use (&quot;mar&quot; en contextos marinos suele emplearse en femenino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre azúcar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2007/azucar-un-caso-especial-de-nombre-ambiguo-en-cuanto-al-genero/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puedes leer aquí&lt;/a&gt; algunos comentarios muy interesantes al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que hace especial a azúcar en comparación con otros nombres&#xA;  ambiguos en cuanto al género es que se combina con el artículo&#xA;  masculino también cuando se usa en femenino: &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Los propios industriales refresqueros han devaluado &lt;strong&gt;el azúcar refinada&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  en 15 y 20 por ciento.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son nombres ambiguos los que al cambiar el género cambia también su sinificado: &quot;el cólera&quot; y &quot;la cólera&quot; son cosas distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T17:19:04.887" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T17:19:04.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2535" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:31:42.520" Score="5" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trad. de la pregunta: ¿Por qué es femenina la frase &quot;¡Hasta la próxima!&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;¡hasta la próxima!, ¿por qué el género es femenino en lugar de masculino? ¿Es el género arbitrario, o tiene que ver con algún sustantivo femenino omitido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the phrase, &quot;¡Hasta la próxima!&quot;, why is the gender feminine instead of masculine? Is the gender arbitrary, or is there a specific omitted feminine noun that's implied?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T17:39:00.543" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T17:39:00.543" Title="Why is the phrase &quot;¡Hasta la próxima!&quot; feminine?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2534" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:33:56.693" Score="10" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque es la forma abreviada de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta la próxima vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;&lt;em&gt;vez&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because that is a shortened form of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta la próxima vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;&lt;em&gt;vez&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T17:35:59.567" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T17:35:59.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2538" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:40:24.007" Score="11" ViewCount="30834" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2529/las-palabras-definidas-como-genero-ambiguo-como-internet-se-deben-utilizar-co&quot;&gt;Another question&lt;/a&gt; touched on this issue, but I wanted to ask in more detail. &lt;em&gt;Mar&lt;/em&gt; is a noun that can be masculine or feminine. I have heard that there are subtle differences in connotations between the two (for example, one gender is more often used in certain contexts, or one sounds more poetic or emotional). What exactly are the difference senses that each gender has? Are these connotations universal through the Spanish-speaking world, or are there regional differences as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T12:26:03.097" Title="What are the differences between &quot;el mar&quot; and &quot;la mar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:50:05.680" Score="5" ViewCount="586" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Protestant circles, the process of starting a new church is often referred to as &quot;planting.&quot; I haven't found a translation for this in dictionaries I've looked in, and haven't really heard a parallel Spanish concept. What Spanish terms would be most commonly used to translate the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;to plant a church&lt;/em&gt; (the verb describing an individual or church starting a new church)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;church plant&lt;/em&gt; (the noun describing the newly-started church)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;church planter&lt;/em&gt; (an individual in charge of starting a new church)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;church planting&lt;/em&gt; (the process of starting new churches)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T18:06:11.120" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T02:03:04.483" Title="Translation of &quot;church planting&quot; vocabulary" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2536" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:59:07.763" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/mar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; states in the website it's an &lt;strong&gt;ambiguous&lt;/strong&gt; name, i.e. it &lt;strong&gt;accepts both genders&lt;/strong&gt;, so grammatically it would be correct to use any of them, unless for the expressions given there which just accept one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the region one is more used than the other. For example in Spain the people who live close to the sea (sailors) tend to say &amp;quot;la mar&amp;quot;, though in the rest of the country people use more &amp;quot;el mar&amp;quot;. Also, &amp;quot;la mar&amp;quot; sounds more poetic, so it's probably more used in poems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, there are expressions which are more typical to be heard with one gender (at least haven't heard in the other way), for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In masculine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bajo el &lt;strong&gt;mar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el fondo del &lt;strong&gt;mar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mar&lt;/strong&gt; abierto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In femenine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la &lt;strong&gt;mar&lt;/strong&gt; de  (when it means much) e.g. Había la mar de gente - this can only be used in femenine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When speaking about the kind of the sea we have today it's usually only in femenine, e.g. these ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mar&lt;/strong&gt; alta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mar&lt;/strong&gt; gruesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mar&lt;/strong&gt; arbolada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mar&lt;/strong&gt; rizada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T09:01:46.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2537" CreationDate="2012-07-05T19:06:44.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Courses on church planting are generally entitled &quot;Plantamiento de Iglesias.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="833" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T19:06:44.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2537" CreationDate="2012-07-05T19:11:55.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not been able to find anything of the sort in online dictionaries but I did a quick google search and I did find several articles in Spanish that talked about expanding the protestant church and they all did mention the word &quot;plantar&quot; which would be the literal translation of &quot;to plant&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example here is one of the sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También destacó la plenaria sobre la necesidad de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;plantar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; nuevas&#xA;  iglesias...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T08:45:35.287" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T08:45:35.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2537" CreationDate="2012-07-05T22:16:32.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, I would translate to plant as &lt;em&gt;instaurar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to plant a church: &lt;em&gt;instaurar una iglesia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;church planter: &lt;em&gt;el instaurador de la iglesia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;church planting: &lt;em&gt;la instauración de iglesias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I suspect anglicisms like &lt;em&gt;plantamiento&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;plantador&lt;/em&gt; will prevail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T22:16:32.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2536" CreationDate="2012-07-06T08:23:20.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually the most common is &quot;el mar&quot;. When people say &quot;la mar&quot; is to emphasize or to give a romantic meaning. Also seamen use &quot;nos vamos a la mar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in daily spanish people say &quot;el mar&quot;. It happens something similar with &quot;el calor&quot; and &quot;la calor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="830" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T08:23:20.690" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-06T22:15:02.410" Score="10" ViewCount="1199" Body="&lt;p&gt;In school I learned that &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; was for the English &quot;to listen to&quot; and &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; was &quot;to hear.&quot; In Central America, however, I frequently heard &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; being used for &quot;to hear&quot; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;No te escucho&lt;/em&gt; meaning &quot;I can't hear you&quot; as opposed to &quot;I'm not listening to you&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the normal semantic range of &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where are the regional differences found, and when can &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; be used like &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-12T14:26:58.713" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:24:46.807" Title="Regional differences between &quot;escuchar&quot; and &quot;oír&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-07-06T22:43:09.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Central America and South America the people use many words without reason what it mean. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &quot;Oír&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;Escuchar&quot; is the attention that you gives to the entity that make the noise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Oír&quot; is &quot;Escuchar&quot; but without understand the ambit and the way and other thinks that it was produced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I say before, you don't have to pay attention because depends of how do the person expressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="821" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-30T14:41:47.197" LastActivityDate="2016-04-30T14:41:47.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-07-07T03:11:50.537" Score="8" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que la diferencia entre una palabra y la otra es clara, el uso dependerá si se trata de un uso formal o informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oír&lt;/strong&gt; - Percibir por el oído (un sonido) o lo que (alguien) dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuchar&lt;/strong&gt; - Poner atención o aplicar el oído para oír (algo o a alguien). Por tanto, la acción de escuchar es voluntaria e implica intencionalidad por parte del sujeto, a diferencia de oír, que significa, sin más, percibir por el oído (un sonido) o lo que (alguien) dice. Puesto que oír tiene un significado más general que escuchar, casi siempre puede usarse en lugar de este, algo que ocurría ya en el español clásico y sigue ocurriendo hoy. Menos justificable es el empleo de escuchar en lugar de oír, para referirse simplemente a la acción de percibir un sonido a través del oído, sin que exista intencionalidad previa por parte del sujeto; pero es uso que también existe desde época clásica y sigue vigente hoy, por lo que no cabe su censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from the difference in definitions, the choice will depend on whether it is used for formal or informal use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hear&lt;/strong&gt; - To perceive by hearing (sound) or what (someone) says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listen&lt;/strong&gt; - Paying attention or using one's ear to hear (something or someone). Thus, the action is voluntary and involves intentionality by the subject, unlike hearing, which simply means the perception by the ear of a sound or of what someone says. Because hearing is more general than listening, &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; can almost always be used in place of &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt;, which was the case in classical Spanish and is still the case today. Less justifiable is the use of &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt;, to refer simply to the act of perceiving a sound by ear, without any prior intention by the hearer, but this usage has existed since classical times and continues today, so it should not be censured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T04:08:56.717" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:08:56.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2550" CreationDate="2012-07-07T05:42:37.387" Score="1" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've come across the below sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este año he decidido serme fiel a mi misma y no mentirme &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked the dictionary and couldn't find the word &quot;serme&quot;. What does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:17:28.987" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:17:28.987" Title="Word usage: serme" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2557" CreationDate="2012-07-07T05:56:34.640" Score="4" ViewCount="2172" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;&lt;strong&gt;oeste&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;occidente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do they both mean the direction and the region?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-11T18:56:16.147" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T18:56:16.147" Title="Difference between &quot;oeste&quot; and &quot;occidente&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2558" CreationDate="2012-07-07T06:10:54.997" Score="0" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of the following sentences is/are correct which refers to English speaking of &quot;Are you still worried about the future&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía te inquietas por el futuro?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía inquietas por el futuro?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía inquieta/o por el futuro?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:15:11.237" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:15:11.237" Title="word usage: &quot;inquietarse&quot; and &quot;inquieta&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2547" CreationDate="2012-07-07T06:46:41.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;serme = ser + me and means &quot;to be&quot; in its infinitive reflexive form. &quot;Mentirme&quot; is of the same form, mentir + me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This year I decided to be faithful to myself and not lie to myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add the reflexive pronouns to the end of infinitives, gerunds and affirmative imperative verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T06:46:41.783" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2556" CreationDate="2012-07-07T07:02:46.943" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do &quot;furtivamente&quot; and &quot;a escondidas&quot; both mean &quot;secretly&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They are interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. entró furtivamente en la habitación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. entro a escondidas en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meanings are the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:14:14.013" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:14:14.013" Title="word usage: &quot;furtivamente&quot; and &quot;a escondidas&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-07T07:47:52.973" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please advise which one of the following is correct for the English speaking &quot;No one is guaranteed to have a tomorrow&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If all correct, which one is the best saying?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nadie se garantiza tener un mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nadie tiene garantizado el mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nadie tiene garantizado un mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For below version:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A nadie se le garantiza tener un mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;se garantiza&quot; is passive verb?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;What is &quot;le&quot; referring to? Is it &quot;pronombre acusativo&quot; or &quot;pronombre dative&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the subject and the object respectively?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nadie se garantiza tener un mañana.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A nadie se le garantiza tener un mañana.    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why version 1 is incorrect? Isn't it a passive verb version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T17:22:51.273" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T17:22:51.273" Title="Sentences structure: garantizarse" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2559" CreationDate="2012-07-07T10:41:47.637" Score="3" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got three different writings for the meaning of &quot;Only the present moment is what you can control.&quot;, could you please advise which one is more appropriate?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solo el presente es lo que se puede controlar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solo el momento presente es el que puedes controlar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solo se puede controlar el presente.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why sometimes we use &quot;el que&quot; and sometimes &quot;lo que&quot;??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:11:43.097" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:11:43.097" Title="Sentence structure: el que, lo que" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-07T12:58:05.443" Score="6" ViewCount="836" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to Carlos Varela's &quot;Una Palabra&quot; and noticed sometimes he uses &quot;igual&quot; for &quot;like&quot; and sometimes &quot;como&quot;.  I am knowing that &quot;igual&quot; is used more similarities, but what separates it from &quot;como&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="841" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:18:12.700" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:17:03.130" Title="Difference between &quot;igual&quot; and &quot;como&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2551" CreationDate="2012-07-07T14:16:49.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, both have the same meaning and they are interchangeable: hidden, without being seen, secretly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see their definitions, both are synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=a%20escondidas&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a escondidas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Sin ser visto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=furtivamente&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Furtivamente&lt;/a&gt; is a synonym for &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=furtivamente&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ocultamente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Con secreto, y sin que se entienda ni perciba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Escondidamente, sin ser visto ni oído.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T14:16:49.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2548" CreationDate="2012-07-07T14:30:09.280" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oeste is the cardinal point meaning West. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occidente&quot;&gt;Occidente&lt;/a&gt; is a synonym for Oeste meaning sunset, referring to the point where the sun sets, &quot;por donde el sol se oculta&quot;. Nowadays, Occidente is a term used for &quot;Western World&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The opposite for Occidente is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente&quot;&gt;Oriente&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, for &quot;origen&quot;, the place where the sun appears. In English, there is the same word &quot;Orient&quot; and is used for East, being the Eastern Culture, like Oriente Próximo (Near East), Oriente Medio (Middle East) and Lejano Oriente (Far East).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you see that for the direction, we use &quot;Oeste&quot; and &quot;Este&quot;. For the region or area, we use &quot;Occidente&quot; and &quot;Oriente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-07T17:16:23.950" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:16:23.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2549" CreationDate="2012-07-07T14:53:52.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Naturally, you would use it as an adjective like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todavía estás inquieto por el futuro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is exactly the same as the original sentence you want to translate, the verb is &quot;to be&quot; and &quot;worried&quot; an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still would like to use the verb &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=Inquietarse&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;inquietar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, the subject is the thing worring you, in this case, &quot;the future&quot;. So, your two first sentences are not correct. Usually, you use a pronoun for expressing who worries the thing (indirect object), as you tried in your first sentence with &quot;te&quot;. So the sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todavía te inquieta el futuro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T14:53:52.947" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2553" CreationDate="2012-07-07T15:13:00.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo el presente es lo que se puede controlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; is a pronoun substituting &quot;qué&quot;, &quot;the idea/thing&quot; you can control. Think about a possible question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué es &quot;la cosa&quot; (lo) que se puede controlar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, it's the word &quot;what&quot; in &quot;Only the present moment is &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; you can control.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo el momento presente es el que puedes controlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an ellipsis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo el momento presente es el [momento] que puedes controlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From all the moments, only the present moment you can control (not the past moment nor the future moment). In English, this is reflected by &quot;the one&quot;: &quot;only the present moment is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;the one&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you can control.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If were talking in general, like in the first sentence (qué se puede controlar):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo el momento presente es lo que puedes controlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it's not about &quot;el que&quot; or &quot;lo que&quot;. It's about what substitutions or ellipsis are happening. Depending in the case, it might be &quot;lo&quot; or &quot;el&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T15:13:00.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-07-07T17:50:38.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Igual&quot; means &quot;equal&quot;, indicating that two things are equal to each other. &quot;Como&quot; means &quot;like&quot;, meaning that two things are like each other. &quot;Igual&quot; implies equality, whereas &quot;como&quot; implies similarity. In other words, &quot;igual&quot; is a much stronger word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T17:50:38.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2561" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2563" CreationDate="2012-07-07T20:07:42.410" Score="9" ViewCount="27705" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy, por chat, una amiga de México dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos depués, ¿va?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo &quot;Nos vemos después&quot;, ¿pero qué significa &quot;va&quot; en este contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:32:51.143" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T05:38:51.857" Title="¿Qué significa 'va' en &quot;Nos vemos después, ¿va?&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-07T20:15:10.873" Score="9" ViewCount="916" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco pregunté &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2561/12&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; significa &amp;#39;va&amp;#39; en &amp;quot;Nos vemos despu&amp;#233;s, &amp;#191;va?&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; y el título me hizo pensar en esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estoy citando una pregunta, ¿cómo debo usar el &lt;code&gt;?&lt;/code&gt; final?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿cuál es correcto?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dijiste &quot;¿Cómo estás?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dijiste &quot;¿Cómo estás?&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también, supongo es similar con &lt;code&gt;!&lt;/code&gt;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Dije &quot;¡Vente!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Dije &quot;¡Vente!&quot;!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés solo se usa un signo de puntuación, el que está dentro de la cita. Pero en inglés no se usan los &lt;code&gt;¡&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt;, por lo que no parece &quot;desequilibrado&quot; cuando no aparecen dos signos de puntuación al final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:28:20.073" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T14:46:00.763" Title="¿Cómo debo usar &quot;?&quot; al final de una pregunta citada?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2012-07-07T20:44:14.757" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una interjección similar a &amp;quot;vale&amp;quot;. Se usa para confirmar con el preguntado si está de acuerdo con lo propuesto. En este caso, usando &amp;quot;va&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;vale&amp;quot; provoca que tú confirmes si os véis después o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Va&amp;quot; también puede ser usado como respuesta en lugar de vale:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿Vienes al cine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Venga, va!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo con &amp;quot;te hace&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Vamos a jugar a fútbol esta tarde, ¿te hace?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Te hace&amp;quot; busca apelar al interlocutor para que se una a él a jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:32:28.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2562" CreationDate="2012-07-08T12:23:30.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El correcto es el segundo en los dos casos. Una frase interrogativa/exclamativa debe acabar con el correspondiente signo de interrogación/exclamación, respectivamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La confusión puede aparecer por incluir una cita entre comillas, la cual también contiene una oración exclamativa/interrogativa, pero ello no influye para acabar la oración general (la que contiene a la cita) correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="844" LastActivityDate="2012-07-08T12:23:30.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2728" CreationDate="2012-07-08T13:09:59.870" Score="3" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm to the point in my Spanish study that I'm reading books.  I often come across words that I might know (such as repartir - to distribute) but the specific form is confusing.  I'm hopeful that someone can, first, help me understand this specific instance and, second, recommend a way to understand what all of this means.  Simply looking at verb conjugation charts does not help.  Most sites on the 'net seem to only provide this.  Do I have to go back to school to understand this?  I did well in English but these forms are lost in the cobwebs.  How did you overcome this issue and effectively study this?&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:58:02.017" Title="Repartiera meaning (or what is subjunctive preterite imperfect?)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-07-09T12:58:33.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would use 'como' for similes.  For example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/111168/similes-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;como pan comido&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/111168/similes-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;como un flan&lt;/a&gt;.  Igual indicates equivalence or sameness.  For example, &quot;yo pienso igual&quot; &lt;em&gt;(I think the same)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/131778/learn-spanishenglish-phrases-all-levels-both-languages-de-igual-a-igual-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ella habla a Ricardo de igual a igual&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(She speaks to Richard as an equal)&lt;/em&gt;.  Please see the sites I have linked for more examples and information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-09T21:17:03.130" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:17:03.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2552" CreationDate="2012-07-09T15:57:03.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the question's tag &quot;gramatica&quot; both the second and third options are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one only needs a little adjustment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A nadie se le garantiza tener un mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker I do not feel capable of giving a full grammatical explanation as to why this is correct though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, if what you are looking for is the &lt;strong&gt;exact literal translation&lt;/strong&gt;, I would say it would be the first one with the adjustment I am proposing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that the request to analyze the sentence would have been better in another question but I will try to do it here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject would be &quot;nadie&quot; since it is what/who we are talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se le garantiza&quot; is the verb which is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unc.edu/~gosialee/verbosreflexivos.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reflexive verb&lt;/a&gt; with an additional (if I am not mistaken) dative pronoun or &quot;pronombre dativo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Garantizar - verb&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Garantizarse - reflexive verb&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Garantizarsele - not sure what this would be called&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tener&quot; would be an adverb since it is acting on the verb &quot;garantizarsele&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object would be &quot;un mañana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T15:46:15.847" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T15:46:15.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2552" CreationDate="2012-07-09T18:46:10.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My difficulty with this is that the 'No one is guaranteed...' portion seems to be poor grammar and we are faced with the challenge of translating rather than interpreting the meaning.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to interpret this I would simply state &lt;code&gt;No hay garantía de que mañana vendrá&lt;/code&gt; or perhaps, &lt;code&gt;No hay que garantizar que mañana vendrá&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a native English speaker so take this for what it's worth.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T18:46:10.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2572" CreationDate="2012-07-09T20:16:18.630" Score="3" ViewCount="1194" Body="&lt;p&gt;While reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.maestrosdelweb.com/editorial/animaciones-2d-con-video-en-canvas-html5/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a spanish-language article&lt;/a&gt; on some client-side topics,&#xA;I was surprised to read following passage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente de Microsoft hizo un excelente artículo (con una gran demo incluida), donde se pueden apreciar las ventajas que ofrece este método &lt;strong&gt;en términos de performance&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is - Is performance a common, well established word in spanish IT slang, which is used instead of &quot;rendimiento&quot; or whatever is used in standard Spanish in that cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes, this is appropriate, then how should I pronounce it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="210" LastEditorUserId="210" LastEditDate="2012-07-09T21:15:10.263" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:15:10.263" Title="Is &quot;performance&quot; a common word in spanish IT terminology?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2570" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:10:07.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say not really, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am Computer Engineer, and I think most of us would understand it, but is not a common term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is totally subjective. though, but to me it sounds a bit ridiculous, even... Like you'd be trying to be &quot;cool&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to pronounce it, I'm guessing the phonetic transcription would be: peɾfoɾ´manθe (I just used an &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Ces&amp;amp;u=http://project-modelino.com/online-resources-category.php?site_language=english&amp;amp;learn_language=spanish&amp;amp;category=text_converters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;online tool&lt;/a&gt;, though)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:10:07.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2570" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:13:58.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common to spot it through the Latin American IT world, though it is not correct, as the proper word for that is, as you say, &quot;rendimiento&quot;, or &quot;comportamiento&quot;. There is no excuse to use &quot;performance&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that people who use &quot;performance&quot; understand the concept but don't link it the word in Spanish for that. The pronunciation would be similar as in English, &quot;performans&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:13:58.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2680" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:36:43.293" Score="7" ViewCount="15826" Body="&lt;p&gt;Asumiendo que se está en un edificio con muchas oficinas, ¿es correcto decir&#xA;&quot;salí afuera de la oficina&quot;? Porque si se dice &quot;salí de la oficina&quot; no se sabe si la persona esta dentro del edificio pero fuera de la oficina. ¿O cuál es la manera correcta de decirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="828" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-09T23:24:42.507" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T08:20:10.983" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;salir afuera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2573" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:41:36.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio esto no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esto se le llama un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pleonasmo&lt;/a&gt; y, según mis cursos de secundaria (High School) esto es un &quot;vicio del lenguaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto muy particular que mencionas es mejor complementar la frase con una aclaración, aglo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salí de la oficina, pero no del edificio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:41:36.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2460" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:54:10.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;se&quot; is used whenever you want to point that something is &lt;em&gt;part of&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;property of&lt;/em&gt;, like when you use &quot;for himself/herself&quot; or &quot;his/her&quot;.&#xA;So putting this as examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano menor se rompió la mayoría de vasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;&quot;my little brother broke the mayority of his glasses&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (but since the bother doesn't have glasses inside his body nor the glasses are part of the body, then it makes no sense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano menor rompió la mayoría de vasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it means &lt;em&gt;&quot;My little brother broke the majority of the glasses&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now adding a bit more understanding example denoting property:&#xA;When you want to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;My brother bought a book for himself&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (clearly states that the book was bought for him and not for someone else)&#xA;here are the two comparatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi hermano se compró un libro&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you are clearly stating that the book was bought for him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi hermano compró un libro&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you are saying that your brother bought the book but this doesn't explain for who.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now adding a bit more understanding example denoting that something is &quot;part of&quot;:&#xA;When you want to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;My brother broke his arm&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (clearly stating that the arm broken is his) here are the two comparatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi hermano se rompió el brazo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here it's clearly that the arm broken is his and not someone else's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi hermano rompió el brazo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you are just saying that he broke an arm but it doesn't mean that the arm broken is his, since he could have break someone's else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helped to make it a bit more clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now clarifying your doubts for this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A mi hermano se le rompieron la mayoría de los vasos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why &quot;le&quot; is used? What does it refer to? Is it &quot;pronombre acusativo&quot; or &quot;pronombre dative&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;le&quot;, &quot;lo&quot; , &quot;los&quot; and such are accusative pronouns. &quot;le&quot; is used to denote that the glasses were broken by him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What kind of sentence structure is it? I wonder why when we say &quot;a mi hermano...le...&quot;, it means the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hermano&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; breaks the glasses &lt;strong&gt;by&#xA;  accident&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because the glasses could have been broken by something else (maybe a strong wind blew the glasses away), its pretty much like when you say: &quot;my brother cut his finger&quot; and &quot;the finger of my brother was cut&quot;; in the first one the finger was cut intentionally and in the second one the finger could have been cut by accident (i.e. a paper sheet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is the subject and object for this sentence?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject is &quot;mi hermano&quot; (my brother) and the object &quot;los vasos&quot; (the glasses).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is &quot;se le rompieron&quot; reflexive? Who do the action on the glasses? Who receives the action?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No its not reflexive since he is not breaking his own glasses (since a person does not have glasses inside his body or as part of his body). Reflexive verbs show what a person does to him/herself.&#xA;&quot;mi hermano&quot; (my brother) does the action on the glasses, &quot;los vasos&quot; receives the action since they are beeing broken by my brother.&#xA;Here is a great slide about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/mekoerner/reflexives-3776410&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reflexive Verbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="828" LastEditorUserId="828" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T17:22:50.500" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T17:22:50.500" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2576" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2578" CreationDate="2012-07-09T22:23:09.647" Score="5" ViewCount="898" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to a conversation and heard the question, '¿Donde se crió?', and the reflexive caught me by surprise.  Checking my dictionary didn't help much.  Although 'criar' and 'criarse' are both listed, the latter definition is listed as 'breed' whereas the former is 'to grow up, etc'.  I'm pretty sure the speaker was asking where they grew up and nothing about breeding. :). Is this a miss on the dictionary?  It seems redundant to make a verb about growing up reflexive but there are plenty of examples that are similar so I wouldn't be surprised.&#xA;In the end, which is correct and how should they be used?&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T22:47:46.227" Title="¿Donde se crió? o ¿Donde crió?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2576" CreationDate="2012-07-09T22:39:18.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well... At least in Spain, if you ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde crió?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to someone, that someone will immediately ask you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde crió &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because &quot;criar&quot; can be used also as growing something (criar patatas: &lt;em&gt;Growing potatoes&lt;/em&gt;). So if you want to talk about the person object of the question, you'll have to use the reflexive form. (Something like &lt;em&gt;Where did he grow himself up?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check &quot;criar&quot; in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;. There's a brief explanation about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T22:39:18.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2576" CreationDate="2012-07-09T22:47:46.227" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a mistake from the dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=criarse&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE#0_3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Criar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=criarse&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;breed&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 &lt;em&gt;tr&lt;/em&gt;. Alimentar, cuidar y cebar aves u otros animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo crío vacas y pollos en mi granja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=criarse&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE#0_13&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Criarse&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is to grow up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13 &lt;em&gt;pronominal&lt;/em&gt;. Dicho de un ser vivo: Desarrollarse, crecer. &lt;em&gt;La niña se ha criado muy sana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo me crié en un pequeño pueblo en la montaña, pero ahora vivo en la ciudad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T22:47:46.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2460" CreationDate="2012-07-10T02:21:17.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the confusion might come from the fact that &quot;break&quot; in English can be both transitive (destroy &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;) and intransitive (fall to pieces). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Romper&quot; means &quot;destroy&quot; whereas &quot;romperse&quot; means &quot;fall to pieces&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentence would be either&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano menor rompió la mayoría de vasos. My little brother broke (destroyed) most of the cups. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Se rompieron la mayoría de vasos. Most of the cups broke (fell to pieces).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish further allows addition of a dativus incommodi (dative of inconvenience), which makes it sound like the little brother was a victim, not the culprit ;). English has a similar construct, &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;, but I believe this is dialectal and/or colloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi hermano menor se le rompieron la mayoría de vasos. (Approx:) Most of the cups broke on him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T02:21:17.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2012-07-10T09:54:10.160" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría ser sustituido perfectamente por &lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt; o por &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos despues, ¿OK?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos despues, ¿vale?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realmente no hace falta incluirlo en la oración, pero la pregunta añade énfasis, buscando la aprobación del otro. Es como si el que pregunta esperase un &lt;code&gt;&quot;sí&quot;&lt;/code&gt; por respuesta al usar &lt;code&gt;&quot;va&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="830" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:30:46.850" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:30:46.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2565" CreationDate="2012-07-11T02:07:06.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Stealing @McArthey's sentence, I agree with the sample sentence. Repartiera is more like &quot;To Distribute&quot; or &quot;To Hand Out&quot; in a preterit or past representation of a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So translating his sample sentence is like &quot;It would be better to [pass out | hand out | distrubute] newspaper instead of looking for a job.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="849" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T02:07:06.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-11T17:05:56.180" Score="3" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1435/s-final-en-tiempo-preterito-astes-istes&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;s&amp;rdquo; final en tiempo pret&amp;#233;rito: -aste(s), -iste(s)&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que en algunos países, especialmente centroamericanos, terminan los verbos en segunda persona y singular pasado con la letra 's'. Algunos ejemplos serian 'comistes', 'fuistes' o 'jugastes'. En mi país usariamos solamente 'comiste', 'fuiste' o 'jugaste'. ¿Cuál es la forma correcta? ¿Con o sin &quot;-s&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="850" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T21:49:16.013" Title="Verbos en pasado que tienen una &quot;s&quot; extra al final" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2012-07-11T23:19:23.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:11:06.600" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la siguiente frase:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; lo que te comprometiste al principio?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué necesita &quot;a&quot; aquí?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es correcto que sola uso &quot;al principio&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Hay persona preguntó [&lt;em&gt;&quot;al principio&quot; ¿de qué? No está claro.&lt;/em&gt;] )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-12T18:14:33.390" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T18:14:33.390" Title="Comprometerse a" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2587" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:17:39.323" Score="3" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2276/when-is-the-indirect-object-pronoun-required-in-sentences-with-an-indirect-objec&quot;&gt;When is the indirect object pronoun required in sentences with an indirect object?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y solo &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; pertenece a ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podemos quitar el &quot;te&quot;? Si no, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T03:00:10.560" Title="Word usage : te pertenece" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-12-10T09:27:29.173" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2600" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:27:51.760" Score="6" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las siquientes frases equivalen a &quot;Do you still remember what you've committed at first? &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;strong&gt;con qué&lt;/strong&gt; te comprometiste al principio?   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;strong&gt;a qué&lt;/strong&gt; te comprometiste al principio?   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; te comprometiste al principio?   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son todas correctas estas frases? ¿Si no, por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a dictionary, it is written &quot;(dar su palabra) comprometerse a + infinitve&quot; = &quot;to promise to + infinitive&quot;. What is the &quot;infinitive&quot; for the second sentence above &quot;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;em&gt;a que&lt;/em&gt; te comprometiste al principio?&quot;. Is &quot;que&quot; an implied infinitivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For &quot;me he comprometido &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; salir esta noche&quot;, if I change &quot;para&quot; to &quot;a&quot;, is it the same meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T03:24:19.157" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T14:21:59.223" Title="Con qué, a qué, lo que" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2589" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2646" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:34:33.967" Score="5" ViewCount="643" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hicimos muy pocos ejercicios y casi nunca &lt;strong&gt;practicamos hablando&lt;/strong&gt; en español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hicimos muy pocos ejercicios y casi nunca &lt;strong&gt;practicamos hablar&lt;/strong&gt; en español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;practicamos hablando&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; no está escrito correctamente pero &quot;&lt;strong&gt;practicamos hablar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es correcto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-07-21T22:46:23.693" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T21:26:38.960" Title="Practicamos hablando" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2597" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:43:11.710" Score="4" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjame &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; te lo cuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría quitar el &quot;que&quot;? ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:10:11.610" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:10:11.610" Title="¿Se puede omitir &quot;que&quot; en &quot;Déjame que te lo cuente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T16:57:20.583" Score="2" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice que  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reflexivo tiene un valor factitivo: No es el que hace directamente la acción, sino quien la ordena hacer.&#xA;  · Nos hicimos una casa en el pueblo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  · Ayer me corté el pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand the above. What is &quot;valor factitivo&quot;? From my understanding, reflexive means &quot;part of&quot; or &quot;property of&quot; someone. Are these the same cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how about &quot;Me da una manzana, por favor.&quot; Is &quot;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;&quot; a &quot;valor factitivo&quot; since it is an order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~~~~~~~~~~~~~&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the function of &quot;factitivo&quot;? To emphasize the subject?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I write &quot;ayer me cortó el pelo&quot; and &quot;nos hicieron una casa en el pueblo¨, do they have the same meaning of the above sentences? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of &quot;valor factitivo&quot; is only used during the condition of making an order?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are all the verbs of &quot;valor factitivo&quot; being the first person such as &quot;corté&quot;, &quot;hicimos&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T03:36:00.920" LastActivityDate="2012-07-15T03:36:00.920" Title="Gramática: reflexivo" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2592" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2611" CreationDate="2012-07-12T17:11:54.280" Score="6" ViewCount="570" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te hagas el bobo = Don't act like a fool&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No te me hagas el bobo = Don't act like a fool (but it has a different emphasis that is impossible to explain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone please explain the differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T03:35:27.613" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T20:58:07.977" Title="Gramática: no te hagas el bobo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T17:17:43.960" Score="6" ViewCount="766" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have few questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the example &lt;code&gt;&quot;Te veo los ojos&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, in English that is &lt;code&gt;&quot;I see your eyes&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;te=your&lt;/code&gt;, right? If I change the sentence to &lt;code&gt;&quot;Se veo los ojos&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, then it will become &lt;code&gt;&quot;I see his/her/its/your eyes&quot;&lt;/code&gt;? Are these two sentences missing the subjects?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Veo tus ojos&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&quot;Te veo los ojos&quot;&lt;/code&gt; both have the same meaning, only grammatically different? And if there is any tone difference? I mean, during what condition do the spanish people say each of them?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;code&gt;&quot;te&quot;&lt;/code&gt; a dative pronoun here? If I do not want to use the pronoun, how can I say it in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T09:46:53.383" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T11:20:50.367" Title="Gramática: &quot;te veo los ojos&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T17:34:12.083" Score="2" ViewCount="1339" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you please explain the below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se dativo o intensificador del verbo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con el mismo valor: me, te, nos, os.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A veces, el pronombre reflexivo sirve únicamente para intensificar el significado del verbo, en construcciones transitivas o intransitivas. Puede añadir matices significativos, no siempre precisos ni claros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se presenta en dos tipos de construcciones  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Concordados: la persona del pronombre coincide con el sujeto:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  · Comió tres platos. / Se comió tres platos. (Transitiva)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;(Here we emphasize what? What tone?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;· Fue en seguida. / Se fue en seguida. (Intransitiva)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;(Here we emphasize what? What tone?)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No concordados: la persona del pronombre no coincide con el sujeto:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  · ¡No seas embustero!/¡No me seas embustero!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;(Here we emphasize what? What tone?)&lt;/em&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take &quot;Se comió tres platos&quot; as an example. Since &quot;se&quot; is &quot;pronombre dativo&quot;, does &quot;se&quot; mean &quot;to himself/herself&quot;? &quot;He/She ate three dishes to himself/herself&quot;. Am I correct?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is correct, it's very similar to verbo reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T15:40:31.463" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T14:05:57.203" Title="Reflexivo: Se dativo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2589" CreationDate="2012-07-12T17:55:36.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos frases son correctas, depende de lo que quieras decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si quieres mejorar el español, continúa practicando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toca muy bien el piano, pero continúa practicando todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por otro lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para aprender los verbos, practicamos hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T17:55:36.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2590" CreationDate="2012-07-12T17:59:53.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se puede quitar, &quot;que&quot; es el pronombre relativo que une la oración principal &quot;déjame&quot; con la subordinada &quot;te lo cuente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't remove &quot;que&quot;, it's a relative pronoun that links the main clause &quot;déjame&quot; with the subordinate &quot;te lo cuente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T17:30:22.627" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T17:30:22.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2586" CreationDate="2012-07-12T18:09:36.470" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es debido a que &quot;comprometer&quot; se utiliza con la preposición &quot;a&quot;.  Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me comprometo a estudiar japonés por lo menos una vez a la semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se compromete a pagar los gastos de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto cuando en una pregunta debe contener la preposición &quot;a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué te comprometes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;al principio&quot;, como comentas, no está claro el &quot;de que&quot; pero se puede entender por el contexto, así que es completamente válido si existe el contexto que haga entender de lo que se está hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T18:09:36.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2012-07-12T18:43:15.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'te' in this example means 'you', not 'your'.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te veo.  &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;I see you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a literal, word-for-word translation of &quot;Te veo los ojos&quot; would be &lt;em&gt;I see you the eyes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are correct that &quot;Veo tus ojos&quot; has the same meaning.  I believe the reason that &quot;Te veo los ojos&quot; comes from a cultural aversion&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; to referring specifically to body parts. Referring to &quot;your eyes&quot; or &quot;my eyes&quot; or &quot;his eyes&quot; is considered a little less polite than referring to &quot;the eyes.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to avoid using 'te' is just as you said, to say &quot;Veo tus ojos.&quot;  This will probably be understood by everyone, but might seem less polite, particularly in some contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common example I have seen of referring to body parts this way would be signs in restaurant restrooms instructing employees to &quot;Lave las manos&quot; (Although I have also seen &quot;Lave sus manos&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&lt;em&gt;I'm sure someone who's more familiar with the cultures of various Spanish-speaking countries can speak more directly to this phenomenon--or it might make a good question of its own.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-12T18:49:37.873" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T18:49:37.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2588" CreationDate="2012-07-12T20:21:04.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta de utilizar el verbo comprometer es con la preposición &quot;a&quot; seguido por el verbo en infinitivo. La preposición &quot;con&quot; en este caso sirve para indicar con quien fue el compromiso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me comprometí con la empresa a venir todos los domingos hasta que se termine el proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta oración se podrían hacer las siguientes preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Con quién te comprometiste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué te comprometiste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A venir todos los domingos hasta que se termine el proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto la primera y la tercera oración son incorrectas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera oración sería correcta de este modo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas a &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; te comprometiste al principio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notese que &quot;que&quot; no está acentuada. Si no estuviera acompañada por el lo entonces sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todavía recuerdas &lt;strong&gt;a qué&lt;/strong&gt; te comprometiste al principio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a tu pregunta de que cuál es el infinitivo de la segunda oración, en este caso como es una pregunta &quot;&lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es el que está reemplazando al infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es correcto para indicar el proposito del compromiso, es decir qué se busca obtener realizando dicha acción, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he comprometido con mi mamá a sacar la basura de la casa &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; que me deje salir esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-07-16T14:21:59.223" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T14:21:59.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2591" CreationDate="2012-07-12T21:39:18.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ factitivo. 1. m. Gram. verbo, o perífrasis verbal, cuyo sujeto no ejecuta por sí mismo la acción, sino que la hace ejecutar por otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to this, &quot;factitivo&quot; verbs are, for instance, &quot;hacerse&quot;, &quot;cortarse&quot;, &quot;construirse&quot;, &quot;prepararse&quot;, etc. In these verbs, the subject is not actually performing the action but other person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the &quot;se&quot; pronoun (normally used as reflexive prononun) is used along with the verb to turn it into a &quot;factitivo&quot; verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos hicimos una casa en el pueblo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that we had our house built in the village (by other people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer me corté el pelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that I had my hair cut (by the hairdresser). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to the example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da una manzana, por favor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the &quot;me&quot; pronoun is play the role of indirect object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Updated:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the function of &quot;factitivo&quot;? To emphasize the subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To emphasize that someone performed the action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I write &quot;ayer me cortó el pelo&quot; and &quot;nos hicieron una casa en el pueblo¨, do they have the same meaning of the above sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Ayer me corté el pelo&quot; the verb is the first person singular whereas in &quot;Ayer me cortó el pelo&quot; the verb is the third person singular. Both means the same alghouh the first one is a &quot;factitivo&quot; verb and the second one is a normal verb and &quot;me&quot; is the dative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The use of &quot;valor factitivo&quot; is only used during the condition of making an order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An order, a petition, a favour, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are all the verbs of &quot;valor factitivo&quot; being the first person such as &quot;corté&quot;, &quot;hicimos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, you can say &quot;Él se cortó el pelo&quot;, meaning that he had his hair cut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="844" LastEditorUserId="844" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T19:09:38.707" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T19:09:38.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2594" CreationDate="2012-07-12T21:47:46.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we speak about emphasizing I think that it is a bit subjective but I will do my best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my point of view:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comió tres platos. / Se comió tres platos. (Transitiva)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is simply plain: you inform that someone ate three dishes. The second one emphasizes that someone was able to eat thre dishes, thus trying to remark that he/she could manage to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue en seguida. / Se fue en seguida. (Intransitiva)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is telling that someone left quickly. The second is telling the same but is paying more attention to the fact that he/she made the decision of leaving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No seas embustero!/¡No me seas embustero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is telling someone not to be a liar. The second one tells the same but it is also remarking that he/she (the speaker) does not want that he/she (the referred) tries to lie to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Take &quot;Se comió tres platos&quot; as an example. Since &quot;se&quot; is &quot;pronombre dativo&quot;, does &quot;se&quot; mean &quot;to himself/herself&quot;? &quot;He/She ate three dishes to himself/herself&quot;. Am I correct? If this is correct, it's very similar to verbo reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful, &quot;se&quot; is a &quot;prononmbre dativo&quot; for emphasizing the action of the verb. The meaning in &quot;se comió tres platos&quot; is &quot;he/she could manage to eat three dishes&quot;, it means that it was a lot of food and he/she did that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="844" LastEditorUserId="844" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T19:14:34.520" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T19:14:34.520" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2012-07-13T13:57:27.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you will often need to use the reflexive pronoun when referring to yourself vs referring to others.  The verb in your case is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;verse - to see oneself &lt;em&gt;(note this is &lt;code&gt;ver&lt;/code&gt; plus the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Reflexive-Pronouns.topicArticleId-24013,articleId-23992.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reflexive&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A reflexive pronoun is used when the subject of the sentence is both&#xA;the agent of and the recipient of the action of the verb.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comparative examples in English would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see your eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see myself in your eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I heard your sentence I would guess you might be trying to say, &amp;quot;I see your eyes&amp;quot;, but the use of the reflexive here is confusing the issue.  As stated earlier &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/reflexive1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;only if the subject and object are the same do you use reflexive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the examples above your sentences would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo tus ojos.  &lt;em&gt;(non-reflexive)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me veo en tus ojos.  &lt;em&gt;(reflexive)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T03:05:24.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2183" CreationDate="2012-07-13T14:01:18.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only wanted to mention that my wife (from Perú) has used &lt;code&gt;te luces bien&lt;/code&gt; but since I don't see it mentioned here I'm not sure it's valid.  Can someone confirm?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T14:01:18.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2616" CreationDate="2012-07-13T16:14:51.157" Score="9" ViewCount="9508" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco me di cuenta de que existen dos palabras en español que equivalen a la palabra &quot;honor&quot; en inglés: &lt;em&gt;honor&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;honra&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre estas dos palabras? ¿Cuál es más común?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-07-15T20:35:57.940" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre honor y honra?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2608" CreationDate="2012-07-13T16:24:35.183" Score="3" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;English has several words or phrases to express that something was done with or without the person meaning to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;purposefully (or on purpose)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;accidentally (or on accident)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intentionally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unintentionally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;meaning to (e.g. &quot;I meant to do it&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;without meaning to (e.g. &quot;I didn't mean to do it&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, I've heard two phrases for this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con/sin querer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con/sin gusto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other phrases with similar meaning in Spanish? What would be the best way to translate the English concepts above to Spanish? What are the differences between the Spanish options (in terms of formality or connotation or how commonly they are used)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T16:55:07.703" Title="Words for on purpose, accidentally, intentionally, unintentionally, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2607" CreationDate="2012-07-13T16:55:07.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd translate them as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;purposefully = &quot;A propósito&quot; (In my opinion this sound less formal than the next two)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;accidentally = &quot;Accidentalmente&quot; or &quot;por accidente&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intentionally = &quot;Intencionalmente&quot; or &quot;con intención&quot; (or &quot;deliberadamente&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unintentionally = &quot;Sin intencion&quot; or &quot;No intencionalmente&quot; (or even &quot;Sin querer&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;meaning to (e.g. &quot;I meant to do it&quot;) = &quot;Tener la intención de...&quot; (&quot;Tengo la intención de hacerlo&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;without meaning to (e.g. &quot;I didn't mean to do it&quot;) = &quot;No tener la intencion de..&quot; or &quot;No querer hacer...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Querer hacer...&quot; which is kind of &quot;wanting to do...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Adrede&quot; which is kind of another equivalent to &quot;intentionally&quot; (but it's kind of informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T16:55:07.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2655" CreationDate="2012-07-13T22:39:52.650" Score="5" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué las palabras &lt;em&gt;derecha&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; (en oraciones como &quot;doblar a la derecha&quot;) tienen el género femenino y no el masculino? Y ¿por qué &lt;em&gt;derecho&lt;/em&gt; (en masculino) significa &quot;recto,&quot; pero &lt;em&gt;derecha&lt;/em&gt; (en femenino) es el opuesto de &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt;? Parecen ser conceptos muy distintos, pero se expresan con la misma palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T19:51:11.340" Title="Género de derecha/o e izquierda" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2012-07-14T10:52:42.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que se refiere a &quot;la dirección&quot; y derecha es la forma femenina del &lt;em&gt;adjetivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ver eso en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/derecho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;23. f. Dirección correspondiente al lado derecho. Tuerza por la&#xA;  primera a la derecha&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También &quot;derecho&quot; es un &lt;em&gt;sustantivo masculino&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;adverbio&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Si entiende inglés, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=derecho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; tiene buena información.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-07-14T14:19:48.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2592" CreationDate="2012-07-14T21:53:53.660" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;me&quot; in &quot;no te me hagas el bobo&quot; is a solidarity pronoun. It's used to create a stronger link between the speaker and the audience. This is a topic that has been studied in sociolinguistics (google &quot;solidarity pronoun&quot;), and some languages such as Galician and Basque (as far as I know) have special constructs to express it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, &quot;no te hagas el bobo&quot; and &quot;no te me hagas el bobo&quot; have the same meaning, but the latter adds the solidarity pronoun &quot;me&quot;, which links the action of the doer (&quot;hacerse el bobo&quot; in this case) back towards the speaker, thus strengthening the emotional connection between both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation of &quot;no te hagas el bobo&quot; is &quot;don't play fool&quot;; the translation of &quot;no te me hagas el bobo&quot; would be something like &quot;don't play fool to me&quot;. That &quot;to me&quot; bit marks the solidarity connection I am describing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T17:43:16.740" LastActivityDate="2012-07-15T17:43:16.740" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2683" CreationDate="2012-07-15T13:52:01.427" Score="5" ViewCount="924" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tengo miedo de que + verbo subjuntivo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e.g. Pero tuve miedo que no pudiera o pudiese dormir bien...  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tengo miedo y pensar/creer que + verbo conditional&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e.g. Pero tuve miedo y creía que no podría dormir bien....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why if I use &quot;pensar/creer&quot;, the conditional verb will be followed but not subjuntivo? Isn't &quot;pensar/creer&quot; imply a doubt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T17:46:30.527" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T19:46:01.343" Title="Gramática: &quot;tengo miedo que&quot; y &quot;tengo miedo y creer que&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2612" CreationDate="2012-07-15T17:03:34.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensar and creer are normally followed by the subjunctive only in the negative.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pienso que lo saben.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No pienso que lo sepan.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Piensas que lo saben?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="857" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-15T17:45:45.307" LastActivityDate="2012-07-15T17:45:45.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2614" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-15T17:14:37.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de tiempos gramaticales o aspectos gramaticales, tales como uso elegir entre pretérito perfecto e imperfecto, entre subjuntivo o indicativo, subjuntivo o condicional, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding the use of verb tenses or moods, such as specific instances of having to choose between the imperfect and the preterite, or the subjunctive and the indicative, the subjunctive and the conditional, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="857" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:58:35.363" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:58:35.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2615" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-15T17:14:37.337" Score="0" Body="Preguntas acerca de modos o tiempos verbales: indicativo, subjuntivo, condicional, imperativo, etc. // Questions about verb tenses or modes: indicative, subjuntivo, imperative, etc." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:58:35.363" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:58:35.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2606" CreationDate="2012-07-15T20:35:57.940" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO, the distinction is very slim (in fact, some times can be exchanged) but...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/honor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Honor&lt;/a&gt; would be something that dignifies your position in the society for doing something &quot;honorable&quot; not only for you, but for said society itself (a heroic sacrifice in an act of war, for instance) whereas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=9Lqg0sgcxDXX2kPNu1hi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Honra&lt;/a&gt; would be a bit more personal (you live your own life with virtue)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search both terms in the dictionary of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, the fist two entries for &lt;em&gt;Honor&lt;/em&gt; mention that is something you get when fulfilling obligations with oneself but also (here's the important part) with your fellow men. On the other hand, the definitions of &lt;em&gt;Honra&lt;/em&gt; are exclusively related to the individual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, &lt;em&gt;honor&lt;/em&gt; sounds &quot;bigger&quot; (more important or solemn) than &lt;em&gt;honra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a pretty tricky distinction, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And about which one is more common... I would say &quot;&lt;em&gt;honor&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is used more often but that's just (once again) my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2012-07-15T20:35:57.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2617" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-17T03:00:07.663" Score="4" ViewCount="1629" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my homework assignments asks the following questions, and I'm wondering why the verbs aren't conjugated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Vivir en el desierto o vivir en el centro de una ciudad grande?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Tener una casa pequeña o tener una casa grande?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Vivir solo/a o vivir con la familia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Poner alfombra o poner piso de madera (hardwood floor)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Comprar una casa con patio grande o comprar un condominio sin patio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="779" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T10:13:11.267" Title="When do you not conjugate verbs?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2618" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2621" CreationDate="2012-07-17T03:47:12.757" Score="7" ViewCount="1436" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el sitio &lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugation.org/cgi-bin/conj.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugation.org&lt;/a&gt;, el subjuntivo presente del verbo &lt;em&gt;adelgazar&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo adelgaze&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tú adelgazes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  él/usted adelgaze&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nosotros adelgazemos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vosotros adelgazéis&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ellos/ustedes adelgazen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, creí que cuando una &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; sigue una &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; tiene que cambiar a &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;.  Entonces, creo que conjugation.org tiene un error.  ¿Sí o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, creo que las formas correctas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo adelgace&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tú adelgaces&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  él/usted adelgace&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nosotros adelgacemos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vosotros adelgacéis&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ellos/ustedes adelgacen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Y mi corrector ortográfico cree eso también.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T14:42:56.060" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T14:42:56.060" Title="¿Cómo escribo el subjuntivo presente de 'adelgazar'?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2617" CreationDate="2012-07-17T07:07:22.643" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes infinitive in Spanish works as a noun (substantive?), in all of your examples I think they're working as subject. When infinitive works as noun they accept Objects and modifiers but only rarely they asume changes in number or gender (El andar/los andares). In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Infinitivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This article on wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; you'll found examples on the different cases when infinitives are used as nouns. Hope it hepls.&#xA;As JoulSauron says in comments, those examples could be objects of an ellipsis similar to english &quot;to be or not to be...&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-07-17T10:13:11.267" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T10:13:11.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2617" CreationDate="2012-07-17T08:04:38.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what Laura says, I'll add that what happens in those sentences is that the verb is omitted. In all those sentences, the full sentence woud be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es mejor vivir en el desierto o vivir en el centro de una ciudad&#xA;grande?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué prefieres, vivir solo o vivir con la familia?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué harías si tuvieras dinero, comprar una casa con patio grande o comprar un condominio sin patio?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T08:04:38.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2618" CreationDate="2012-07-17T15:13:35.583" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comenta Javi, es un error de la aplicación. Puedes checar en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/adelgazar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; que las formas correctas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yo adelgace &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tú adelgaces &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;él adelgace&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nosotros adelgacemos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vosotros/ustedes adelgacéis / adelgacen &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ellos adelgacen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T15:55:07.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-18T15:09:09.990" Score="7" ViewCount="1006" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to tell a friend that his credit card payment for an airline ticket went through (or was approved).  How do I say that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In case your wondering why he doesn't call and ask himself, it's a german company and he only speaks spanish and portuguese.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-07-19T16:41:36.940" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T20:42:23.220" Title="How to say &quot;the payment cleared&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;finanzas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2622" CreationDate="2012-07-18T15:20:52.977" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Mexico, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya pasó el pago. (this is the most common)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya (fue aprobado | te aprobaron) el pago.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya (fue aceptado | te aceptaron) el pago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T15:20:52.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2592" CreationDate="2012-07-18T20:58:07.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think  that the &quot;solidarity dative&quot; is perhaps known better as the &quot;ethic[al] dative,&quot; about which you can find a lot with a Google search. It was very common in Greek and Latin, and is still used in modern languages, such as, obviously, Spanish. Although we do not think of it as something we use in English, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article on the dative&lt;/a&gt; gives a good example: &quot;Cry me a river.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="861" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T20:58:07.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2628" CreationDate="2012-07-19T04:19:18.493" Score="11" ViewCount="1763" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we generally use phrases like &quot;take the derivative&quot;, &quot;find the derivative&quot;, &quot;evaluate the derivative&quot;, but we also use verbs such as &quot;derivate&quot;, &quot;derive&quot;, &quot;differentiate&quot;, etc.  What are the common phrases used say it in Spanish?  Does it vary much from country to country? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-08-08T18:43:14.903" LastActivityDate="2020-08-08T18:43:14.903" Title="How can I say &quot;to take the derivative&quot; (mathematics) in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2627" CreationDate="2012-07-19T04:27:58.097" Score="9" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;In mathematics, we have what are called hyperbolic trigonometric functions.  For example, hyperbolic sine, hyperbolic tangent, hyperbolic cosine, etc...  We generally write these functions with abbreviations like sinh, tanh, cosh, etc...  In English, we go one step further and abbreviate their pronunciation as well.  When we see 'sinh', we say &amp;quot;sinch&amp;quot;.  When we see 'tanh', we also say 'tanch'.  When we see 'cosh', we also say 'cosh'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious if something similar is practiced in Spanish as well.  Are these particular functions commonly pronounced in a contracted manner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-08-08T18:42:10.713" LastActivityDate="2020-08-08T18:42:10.713" Title="Are contracted pronunciations of mathematical functions common in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2626" CreationDate="2012-07-19T08:14:13.930" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say it is uncommon (at least in Spain) to abbreviate the pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always heard the full pronunciation even though it's written in the contracted manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2012-07-19T22:06:24.137" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T22:06:24.137" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-07-19T08:22:29.880" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we use &quot;calcular la derivada&quot; or &quot;obtener la derivada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to take derivatives? → &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo calcular derivadas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An exam question may be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Find the derivative of the function f(x) = x&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. → &lt;em&gt;Calcule la derivada de la función f(x) = x&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T10:33:09.183" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T10:33:09.183" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2631" CreationDate="2012-07-20T11:14:01.997" Score="10" ViewCount="10228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been wondering how to say &lt;strong&gt;annoying&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;adjective&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;verb&lt;/em&gt;, in Spanish (&lt;strong&gt;ES&lt;/strong&gt;).  I come from the Northwest of the US and we use this word very often.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have seen examples using &lt;em&gt;molestar&lt;/em&gt; but none of them seem to be saying what I am trying to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These mosquitos are very &lt;strong&gt;annoying&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  OMG!  I can't believe how &lt;strong&gt;annoying&lt;/strong&gt; Becky's voice is!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Stop &lt;strong&gt;annoying&lt;/strong&gt; me! Stop! Stop!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="865" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T08:03:46.753" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T08:03:46.753" Title="How to say something is &quot;annoying&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2630" CreationDate="2012-07-20T14:15:25.603" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;molesto(a)&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; which is an adjective. As a verb it would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;molestar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your examples would be like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These mosquitos are very annoying. / Estos mosquitos son muy &lt;strong&gt;molestos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  OMG! I can't believe how annoying Becky's voice is! / ¡Dios mio! No&#xA;  puedo creer lo &lt;strong&gt;molesta&lt;/strong&gt; que es la voz de Becky.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Stop annoying me! / ¡Deja de &lt;strong&gt;molestarme&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-20T15:27:26.240" LastActivityDate="2012-07-20T15:27:26.240" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2632" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2633" CreationDate="2012-07-20T16:19:29.070" Score="6" ViewCount="9520" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we describe writing as either cursive/longhand (joined letters) or printed (block letters). What Spanish words are there to describe these concepts? And how common is the use of cursive in Spanish-speaking countries compared to English-speaking ones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T02:05:04.600" Title="&quot;cursive&quot; and &quot;printed&quot; writing" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2632" CreationDate="2012-07-20T16:47:33.607" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are called:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cursive = Cursiva o Manuscrita&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Printed = Molde o De Imprenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as how much is cursive is used I can tell you that where I come from (Mexico), I write in cursive and most people are surprised to see my handwriting, so I guess not too common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-07-20T16:47:33.607" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2644" CreationDate="2012-07-20T18:27:00.770" Score="29" ViewCount="2055" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Atender&quot; is translated as &lt;em&gt;to assist&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, while &quot;asistir&quot; is translated as &quot;to attend&quot;.  These words seem to be cognates of each other, but have opposite meanings when translated.  How did this occur?  Are there any research articles/ journal papers describing how one deviated from the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T11:04:25.433" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T11:48:32.083" Title="How did &quot;asistir&quot; and &quot;atender&quot; become opposite of their cognates in English?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2630" CreationDate="2012-07-20T20:39:37.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se usa &lt;em&gt;enojar&lt;/em&gt;.  Por ejemplo:  &lt;em&gt;No me enojes&lt;/em&gt; significa 'don't annoy me'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-20T23:05:32.330" LastActivityDate="2012-07-20T23:05:32.330" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2589" CreationDate="2012-07-20T23:55:50.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español idiomático, para usar un verbo como si fuera un sustantivo, hay que usar el infinitivo.  No se permite usar el gerundio así, aunque sea en inglés posible, común y, a veces, la única manera idiomática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso suponiendo que querías decir algo como &quot;nunca praticamos el arte de hablar en español&quot;.  Si realmente querías decir algo como &quot;nunca praticamos mientras hablábamos en español&quot;, lo que escribiste está bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In idiomatic Spanish, to use a verb as though it were a noun, you need to use the infinitive.  Contrast this with English, where it is possible and common to use the gerund.  Indeed, using the gerund sometimes is the only way to say something without sounding stilted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming, here, that you were trying to say something like &quot;we never practiced the art of speaking Spanish.&quot;  If you were actually trying to say something like &quot;we never practiced while speaking Spanish,&quot; then what you wrote is, as @JoulSauron says, fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2012-08-20T21:37:33.637" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T21:37:33.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2634" CreationDate="2012-07-22T14:15:19.607" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to sources like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/assist&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, the English versions of the two words are derived directly from the Latin. So it then becomes a question of how they deviated in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Assist&quot; has something of the connotation of &quot;seat&quot; (&lt;em&gt;la silla&lt;/em&gt;) in Spanish. That could lead to the meaning of &quot;to sit in&quot; or participate in, i.e., &quot;to attend.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Attend&quot; has something of the connotation of &quot;to wait.&quot; Originally it meant to &quot;wait FOR,&quot; but the meaning in Spanish somehow turned to &quot;to wait ON,&quot; which could mean &quot;to assist&quot; or &quot;to help.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T11:48:32.083" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T11:48:32.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-23T06:19:05.010" Score="1" ViewCount="2633" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to remember what a friend's name was I just met. It's on the tip of my tongue, and I keep wanting to say Yohio or Yojo. It was not Jose. I don't remember. He went by Joe as well. I remember it being a pretty cool name, and I want to remember how to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="873" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T07:58:03.957" Title="Equivalent of Joe in spanish?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2012-07-27T08:03:28.147" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2638" CreationDate="2012-07-23T08:52:27.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe Jordi? &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T08:52:27.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2622" CreationDate="2012-07-24T13:25:32.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general I think it is safe to say the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su pago ha terminado exitosamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La transacción ha finalizado de manera exitosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More informal, for your friend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu pago terminó bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu pago fue bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T17:49:23.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2634" CreationDate="2012-07-25T13:09:12.520" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm spanish and I would say that 'asistir' is like when you're going to an event, a class, etc, so, you're present there, you went to the event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the other hand 'Atender' is said when you're waiting for something in a formal way, but, it's commonly used to say that you're taking atention on something, like listening your teacher, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="875" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T13:09:12.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2587" CreationDate="2012-07-25T13:14:27.110" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Y solo te pertenece a ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English version: And you only relates to that you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the word which signifies the meaning of 'relates'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="876" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-07-26T02:38:12.370" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T02:38:12.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2587" CreationDate="2012-07-25T15:45:17.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es este caso el verbo &quot;pertenecer&quot; se una de manera &quot;reflexiva&quot;, por lo que es imprescindible que lleve el artículo &quot;te&quot; delante, de otra manera la frase carece de significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo y contraejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pertenezco a la humanidad. -&gt; Correcto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ese perro te pertenece a ti.  -&gt; Correcto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me pertenezco a la humanidad. -&gt; INCorrecto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ese perro pertenece a ti.        -&gt; InCorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haber ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="878" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-07-25T15:50:41.840" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T15:50:41.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2634" CreationDate="2012-07-26T06:48:02.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los orígenes de ambas lenguas no se basan en las mismas raíces. El inglés tiene sus raíces en lenguas germánicas, pero en algunos casos la raíz viene de palabras francesas, como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;'attend'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;'assist'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, 'atender' y 'asistir' provienen directamente de las raíces latinas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asistir:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;'assistere'&lt;/em&gt; formada por el prefijo &lt;em&gt;'ad'&lt;/em&gt; de proximidad y el verbo &lt;em&gt;'sistere'&lt;/em&gt; (tomar posiciones, estar en un sitio fijo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Atender:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;'attendere'&lt;/em&gt; formada por el prefijo &lt;em&gt;'ad'&lt;/em&gt; de proximidad y el verbo &lt;em&gt;'tendere'&lt;/em&gt; (tender o estirar), que aunque no es el significado de la palabra en uso común, se utiliza para hacer referencia a las acciones de ayudar o estar concentrado en alguna acción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, las palabras inglesas &lt;em&gt;'attend'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;'assist'&lt;/em&gt; vienen del francés &lt;em&gt;'atendre'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;'assister'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aún así las palabras &lt;em&gt;'attendre'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;'assister'&lt;/em&gt; tienen las mismas raíces que sus respectivas en español. La diferencia entre el significado tanto en español como en francés respecto al inglés se debe a las influencias germánicas, y no a las latinas, dado que en francés el significado de estas palabras es el contrario que en inglés pero igual que en español.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="875" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T11:36:24.900" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T11:36:24.900" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2587" CreationDate="2012-07-26T09:12:00.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pronombre 'te' debe ser siempre incluido en verbos reflexivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la duda debería recaer en 'a ti', dado que 'te y 'a ti' hacen la misma función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este 'a ti' es incluido debido a la connotación de exclusividad que tiene la frase para reafirmar que el objeto únicamente es de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras frases sin esa connotación de exclusividad se utilizaría el 'te' sin el 'a ti', como por ejemplo en la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'La bicicleta te pertenece'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso como no queremos remarcar que es 'SOLO' le pertenece a él, no es necesario añadir 'a ti'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de omitir 'a ti' en la frase 'Y solo te pertenece a ti.', la frase tendría un significado totalmente distinto, ya que significaría que el objeto solo te pertenece, pero no hace nada más. En cambio añadiendo 'a ti' se hace referencia a que únicamente le pertenece, pero sin ser excluyente de que el objeto sea o haga algo más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="875" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T09:12:00.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2589" CreationDate="2012-07-26T23:10:32.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.  casi nunca practicamos hablando en español.&#xA;2.  casi nunca practicamos hablar en español.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dice JoulSauron, ambas son correctas, pero significan cosas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera (&lt;em&gt;hablando&lt;/em&gt;) funciona como complemento circunstancial, responde a la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cómo&lt;/strong&gt; practicamos?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  Expresiones funcionalmente equivalentes serían &quot;mucho&quot;, &quot;en la escuela&quot;, &quot;con el maestro&quot;, &quot;mirando TV&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda (&lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;) funciona como objeto del verbo (&lt;em&gt;practicar&lt;/em&gt;), responde a la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; practicamos?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y debe ser un &quot;algo&quot;, un sustantivo o una expresión que funcione como sustantivo. Y, como apuntan otras respuetas, en español los verbos usados como sustantivos van en infinitivo. Expresiones equivalentes serían &quot;practicamos leer&quot;, &quot;practicamos gramática&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T21:26:38.960" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T21:26:38.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="987" CreationDate="2012-07-27T00:53:48.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As comments state, permanence is not always the key to choose between ser and estar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When combined with the past participle of a verb, &quot;ser&quot; creates a simple passive, &quot;estar&quot; expresses the state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser casado = Get married, to enter into marriage&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Estar casado = Be married, to be in a marriage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should explain why you need &quot;estoy&quot; in your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T00:53:48.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2587" CreationDate="2012-07-27T03:00:10.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si el complemento tónico es también un pronombre personal (en este caso &quot;a ti&quot;), la coaparición del pronombre átono es obligatoria, tanto si el complemento es directo como indirecto. Por eso, no se puede quitar el &quot;te&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF#51&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF#51&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T03:00:10.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2638" CreationDate="2012-07-27T07:39:49.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name you are trying to remember is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;José&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="876" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-27T07:58:03.957" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T07:58:03.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2012-07-28T23:06:51.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short story is that in this case, “mi casa” means just plain “my house”, whereas “casa mía” means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;“my&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; house”.  Hear the difference?  In the second one, you say the word &lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt; with more emphasis, as though it were set in italic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s super-duper more common to say “Ésta es mi casa”, but there &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; room for saying “Ésta es casa mía” (without the &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;). You might conceivably do that if somebody just said to you that that one was &lt;em&gt;their&lt;/em&gt; house. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stressed construction with &lt;em&gt;mía&lt;/em&gt; at the end is the equivalent of leaning on the word in English, like saying “Yeah, well, this one is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; house.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See? That one would be &lt;em&gt;casa mía&lt;/em&gt; instead of just &lt;em&gt;mi casa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You’ll find that Spanish will often simply invert normal word order for places where English more often uses stressed words alone. Inversion here would stress the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; part.  Sure, you wouldn’t normally do that, but on rare occasion, you just might.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T00:05:27.227" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T00:05:27.227" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2626" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:13:42.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it is not true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, we may write &lt;code&gt;sin(x)&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;sen(x)&lt;/code&gt;, but in both cases we say &quot;Seno de x&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sin(x), sen(x): Seno de x&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cos(x): Coseno de x&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We may also write &lt;code&gt;sinh(x)&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;senh(x)&lt;/code&gt;, but we say &quot;Seno hiperbólico de x&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="880" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T16:13:42.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:16:09.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just &quot;derivar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Calcula la derivada de f(x)&quot;&#xA;&quot;Deriva f(x)&quot;&#xA;&quot;Deriva la función f con respecto a x&quot;&#xA;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Derivar&quot; has the same meaning as &quot;Calcula la derivada&quot; (in a mathematical context).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="880" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T16:16:09.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2653" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:18:45.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta etiqueta puede ser aplicada a conceptos, palabras o términos asociados con cualquier rama de las matemáticas: cálculo, álgebra, geometría, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tag may be applied to concepts, words or terms associated with any branch of mathematics: calculus, algebra, geometry, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en combinación con &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/vocabulario-t%c3%a9cnico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;vocabulario-t&amp;#233;cnico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;vocabulario-t&amp;#233;cnico&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ciencia&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ciencia&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ciencia&lt;/a&gt;. También existe &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/n%c3%bameros&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;n&amp;#250;meros&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;n&amp;#250;meros&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="880" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T08:28:18.773" LastActivityDate="2018-07-02T08:28:18.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2654" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:18:45.443" Score="0" Body="Palabras o conceptos asociados con las matemáticas.  Words or concepts associated with mathematics." OwnerUserId="880" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T00:20:03.557" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T00:20:03.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2012-07-29T19:07:23.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia se encuentra en el origen latino (Latin) de la palabra; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Directus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Significa Recto o Rígido, de ahí la asociación al lado fuerte o predominante del cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Derecha&lt;/em&gt; entonces es el lugar o la dirección del lado predominante del cuerpo y&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Derecho&lt;/em&gt; mantiene el significado original: Recto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt;- Cuándo el término &lt;em&gt;Derecho&lt;/em&gt; se asocia a una persona, se refiere a qué parte de su cuerpo es predominante o más hábil, El mismo término se puede también asociar a una persona que es o se desempeña de manera Justa, sin truco, trampa o engaño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta no lo incluye pero existen también diferentes significados de la palabra Derecho(a) e Izquierda son relacionadas con posiciones políticas a las que una persona o sociedad pueden permanecer.     Durante la revolución Francesa los términos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Droite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la Gauche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; fueron acuñados dependiendo de dónde se situaban las personas, dependiendo al sector que apoyaban, dentro del parlamento Francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T19:51:11.340" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T19:51:11.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2622" CreationDate="2012-07-30T06:33:42.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Payment has been cleared&lt;/em&gt; phrase can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.- El pago ha sido aceptado. (Payment has been accepted)&#xA;2.- El pago fue aprobado.  (Payment has been approved)&#xA;3.- El pago fue verificado. (Payment has been verified)&#xA;3.- El pago se efectuó de manera correcta. (The payment has been processed correctly)&#xA;4.- El pago fué satisfactorio. (The payment was satisfactory)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these phrases refer to the payment process, particularly related to online or electronic transactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All though all five phrases have a literal translation, (in parentheses)all are used to state the same process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T06:33:42.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2565" CreationDate="2012-07-30T10:40:38.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &quot;Sería mejor que repartiera periódicos...&quot; the word &quot;repartiera&quot; is in conditional form, indicating that it's an improbable thing to happen...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentenced is a transformation of this one: &quot;Si yo repartiera periódicos sería mejor que buscarte trabajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for my english ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T10:40:38.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2622" CreationDate="2012-07-30T15:13:59.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper way to say it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amigo, el pago que hiciste con tu tarjeta de crédito para comprar los pasajes ya fue autorizado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the word &quot;Autorizado&quot; conveys the proper meaning and is also the word commonly used in the financial world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-07-30T20:42:23.220" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T20:42:23.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2335" CreationDate="2012-07-30T15:28:38.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would first let him give me the change, then give it back to him and say &lt;code&gt;&quot;Esto es para ti, gracias por el buen servicio.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T15:28:38.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2012-07-30T15:33:31.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Universal? Simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podrías repetir lo que me acabas de decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T11:13:43.897" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T11:13:43.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2012-07-30T15:45:40.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since in the Database world, the word &quot;Table&quot; is universally known to represent a group of &quot;Rows&quot; which contain one or more &quot;Columns&quot;, the best translation, which would be easily understood within the context it is being used, the word &quot;Tabla&quot; is the best choice, no matter what Spanish-speaking country you're in. If you were to use any other word, it would confuse someone!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;In Database jargon:&#xA;&#xA;Table = Tabla, Fichero, Archivo, Registro (but never heard &quot;Cuadro&quot; being used).&#xA;Row   = Record, Fila, &#xA;Column = Campo, Encasillado, Celula. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="807" LastEditDate="2012-07-30T20:23:45.070" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T20:23:45.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-31T13:49:52.183" Score="4" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was working on a neighbor's computer the other day and, they thought that the speakers weren't working. But, it was actually the &quot;periférico de sonido&quot; that wasn't working. At least that's what the error said. I'm trying to research the problem, but there isn't much about it on the webs in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve trabajando en una computadora de mis vecinos el otro dia. Ellos pensaron que los audifonos no estaban funcionando. Pero, de hecho era el periférico de sonido. O eso dijo el error. Estoy tratando de investigar esto, pero no hay mucho sobre periféricos de sonido en el internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="893" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2012-07-31T19:45:39.817" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T14:28:00.433" Title="Periférico de sonido en inglés?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2662" CreationDate="2012-07-31T14:15:12.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually when you see the word &quot;periférico&quot; in the context of computers it is referring about an external component for example a printer, a modem, or an external hard drive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not seem to be the case since the phrase &quot;periférico de sonido&quot; would refer to the speakers so my guess is that the error message is referring to the sound card's driver. You can try to find an update on the internet and re install it to see if that solves the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente cuando se usa la palabra &quot;periférico&quot; dentro del contexto de las computadoras se esta hablando de componentes externos como por ejemplo una impresora, un modem o un disco duro externo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este no parece ser el caso ya que la frase &quot;periférico de sonido&quot; se referiría a las bocinas por lo que me imagino que el error se refiere al controlador de la tarjeta de sonido. Puedes intentar buscar la actualización en internet y reinstalarlo a ver si eso soluciona el problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-08-02T14:28:00.433" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T14:28:00.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-01T17:38:01.767" Score="4" ViewCount="460" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we limit our view to the present tense, how can I fill in the blanks succinctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I use the indicative mood, I am indicating that something&#xA;  happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I use the subjunctive mood, I am ??????&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando uso el indicativo, manifiesto que algo ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuado uso el subjuntivo, ??????&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to sum up what I'm doing when I use the subjunctive in each of these sentences? I'm thinking something along the lines of &lt;em&gt;&quot;expressing something other than certainty&quot;&lt;/em&gt; for the English version, but I was curious what others thought would be a &lt;strong&gt;short&lt;/strong&gt; summary of what one does when they use the subjunctive. I'm not looking for a laundry list of specific cases, such as &lt;em&gt;&quot;expressing doubt, uncertainty, emotion, desire, recommendation, denial, or disbelief&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but a quick summary that encompasses as many  reasons to use it as possible. My version seems like it is merely saying that the subjunctive is used whenever the indicative doesn't work, and while this is fairly true, I was wondering if there was a better way to briefly describe when to use it in both languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is primarily for teaching purposes so I can give people a 5 second, meaningful, and memorable description of what the subjunctive is used for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-08-06T23:53:11.387" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T10:13:46.507" Title="What am I doing when I use the subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="115" CreationDate="2012-08-01T17:55:18.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's like saying, &quot;Ok then, do it&quot;. It's a goading phrase as well. My wife says it to me all the time, especially when she's not happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="403" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T17:55:18.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2664" CreationDate="2012-08-01T19:44:32.323" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well... it's pretty... &lt;em&gt;subjective&lt;/em&gt; and probably complex to explain to English native speakers, but I would say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I use the subjunctive mood, I am expressing some conditional idea or desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, why not... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...When I use the subjunctive mood, I am expressing doubt, uncertainty, emotion, desire, recommendation, denial, or disbelief&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sounds pretty good to me. And I can say it in less than 5 seconds (hey, and I'm not even a native English speaker!). &lt;strong&gt;:-)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T19:44:32.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2664" CreationDate="2012-08-01T19:46:04.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very reduced explanation of the use of subjunctive tense in Spanish, is related to the &lt;strong&gt;subordinated sentences&lt;/strong&gt; explained in Spanish syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're using subordinated sentences, its verb is usually conjugated in subjunctive tense while the main sentence's verb is conjugated in indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you must analyze the specific cases when subjunctive tense is used in subordinated sentences (instead of indicative), arises that list of doubt, desire, uncertainity, emotion, need, fear, recommendation, denial, disbelief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T19:46:04.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2662" CreationDate="2012-08-02T00:45:40.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El siguiente vocabulario puede resultar útil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;speakers = 'altavoces' en España. En algunos países de sudamérica se utiliza el término 'bocina', pero si lo usas en España no te entenderán.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;periférico de sonido  = 'soundcard' (Inglés) o 'tarjeta de sonido' en España. Desconozco el término usado en sudamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="896" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T00:45:40.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2630" CreationDate="2012-08-02T01:14:09.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Molesto/molestar son los términos más habituales en Español de España. Si utilizas enojado/enojar en España te entenderán pero suenan demasiado formales (suenan a castellano antiguo). Tambien existen alternativas coloquiales - vulgares (muy utilizadas) como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'dar la brasa'  = 'molestar'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'pesado/a' = 'molesto'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'plasta' (masculino y femenino) &quot; = 'molesto'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan es un pesado/plasta, no para de hablar&quot;, &#xA;&quot;¡Deja de darme la brasa, para de una vez!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="896" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T01:14:09.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2671" CreationDate="2012-08-02T07:34:08.873" Score="22" ViewCount="1409" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason why specifically the word &lt;em&gt;búho&lt;/em&gt; is written with an accent? Is there an orthographic rule that determines it? While I am used to accent marks above &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; I was quite surprised to see the &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; accented. Can any vowel be accented?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="133" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:51:14.117" LastActivityDate="2020-09-04T21:28:51.683" Title="Why is búho written with an acute accent?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-02-18T15:14:36.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2670" CreationDate="2012-08-02T07:57:24.547" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;To split the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/812/rules-applied-to-the-separation-of-syllables&quot;&gt;diphthong&lt;/a&gt; &quot;uo&quot;, otherwise it would be pronounced [bwo], with the stress in the &quot;o&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Op=ver&amp;amp;Id=7159&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Briefly&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se tilda para romper el diptongo /uo/: si no se tildara sería una&#xA;  palabra monosílaba /buó/; gracias a la tilde es bisílaba /bú-o/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are specific rules about accents, and all vowels can be accented, it's not about the vowel, but about the stress. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/661/what-are-the-accentuation-rules-in-spanish&quot;&gt;In this question&lt;/a&gt; you can read an introduction about accentuation in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T16:12:08.103" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T16:12:08.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2664" CreationDate="2012-08-04T00:46:21.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I use the subjunctive I am making a statement about an assertion, instead of indicating that the assertion is true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This description is kind of informal.  But I think it gets the gist of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of subjunctive in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;If I were to go on a diet, I would feel better about myself.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the &quot;I were&quot;.  That's unusual.  Also note that I'm not telling that I'm going to go on a diet, or that I'm not going to go on  a diet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2012-08-04T00:51:52.603" LastActivityDate="2012-08-04T00:51:52.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2674" CreationDate="2012-08-04T20:04:59.793" Score="7" ViewCount="15413" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend was describing some food she's making.  I wanted to say &quot;You're making me hungry&quot; or &quot;That makes me hungry.&quot;  What's the proper way to say this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first thought was to say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me das hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I tried Google translate, and it gives (at least) three options, depending on the exact phrase I try to translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate thinks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're making me hungry. &amp;rarr; Usted me está haciendo hambre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  You make me hungry. &amp;rarr; Usted me hace hambre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  That makes me hungry. &amp;rarr; Eso me da hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I stick with &lt;code&gt;Me das hambre&lt;/code&gt;, or should I try &lt;code&gt;Me haces hambre&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T12:47:41.907" Title="How do I say &quot;You're making me hungry?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2673" CreationDate="2012-08-04T20:44:22.103" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;me das hambre&quot; or &quot;me estás dando hambre&quot;, even &quot;me está entrando hambre&quot; without involving the other person specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-08-04T20:44:22.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2012-08-05T00:12:49.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Back in the 80s when I used to teach relational database design in Mexico and Puerto Rico,&#xA;I always used &quot;tabla&quot; for table, &quot;fila&quot; for &quot;row&quot;, and &quot;columna&quot; for &quot;column&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia en español tiene una entrada para SQL.  En esa entrada, hablan de tablas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2012-08-05T09:01:16.950" LastActivityDate="2012-08-05T09:01:16.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2744" CreationDate="2012-08-05T13:17:05.903" Score="6" ViewCount="3025" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that &lt;code&gt;también&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;asimismo&lt;/code&gt; can both be translated from Spanish as &amp;quot;also.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet there appear to be some subtle differences. What are they? For instance, does &lt;code&gt;asimismo&lt;/code&gt; also mean &amp;quot;furthermore&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-27T04:04:30.990" LastActivityDate="2020-12-27T04:13:31.463" Title="Spanish translation for &quot;also&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-08-05T16:40:37.773" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that, most of the time, &amp;quot;also&amp;quot;  is translated as &amp;quot;también.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=asimismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asismimo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is normally used as &amp;quot;likewise&amp;quot; in English, which is also a synonym of &amp;quot;también.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-27T04:13:31.463" LastActivityDate="2020-12-27T04:13:31.463" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-05T22:39:30.097" Score="1" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a fluent English speaker and I wanted a good FREE PDF to get started with. Primarily, I wish to see if my interests in learning spanish will sustain before I buy an expensive book. I have picked up books in the past only to realize that my motivation dips and the books are wasted. So, I wish to first be able to read a good book covering some vocabulary and some grammar before I really dive in. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="902" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T23:44:59.210" Title="A good free book to get started" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2012-08-07T02:56:15.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2573" CreationDate="2012-08-06T08:14:08.637" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me add something else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is called pleonasm. Pleonasm is not necessarily wrong. According to the DUE (Diccionario de Uso del Espanhol):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;... puede añadir gracia o expresividad a la frase, otras veces constituye verdadera redundancia, y, en ocasiones, aunque podría tacharse de tal, es una manera de dar una terminación a la frase que, de otro modo, quedaría como incompleta.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... The key is to realize you're doing it, because it must be done with good taste. It must only be used to give the expression vigor and grace. Acceptable examples:  “Yo lo vi con mis ojos”, “Lo escribí de puño y letra”, &quot;volvio a reincidir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case &quot;sali afuera de la oficina&quot; seems perfectly reasonable, in my opinion. Had it been said &quot;sali de la oficina&quot; that would be a tad imprecise/incomplete and &quot;salí de la oficina, pero no del edificio&quot; sounds a bit bombastic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="265" LastEditorUserId="265" LastEditDate="2012-08-06T08:20:10.983" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T08:20:10.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27968" CreationDate="2012-08-06T19:03:20.477" Score="15" ViewCount="3150" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, existe un verbo para describir la acción de aterrizar en la Luna: «alunizar». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo esa misma idea, ¿se puede decir «amarizar» o «amartizar» para una nave que aterriza en Marte?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T13:41:35.197" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T13:41:35.197" Title="¿Es correcto usar «amarizar» o «amartizar» para aterrizar en Marte?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2681" CreationDate="2012-08-06T19:03:20.477" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no es correcto. Se ha pregungado a la RAE sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://forodeespanol.com/Archive/AterrizarAlunizarAmartizar/jvwx/post.htm&quot;&gt;aterrizar vs. alunizar vs. amartizar&lt;/a&gt;, y esta es la respuesta oficial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;amartizar&lt;/em&gt; (formado sobre el sustantivo Marte a imitación de &lt;em&gt;aterrizar&lt;/em&gt;) no está admitido por las Academias ni se recoge en el DRAE. Se trata de una creación innecesaria, puesto que &lt;em&gt;aterrizar&lt;/em&gt; se define como ‘dicho de un avión o de un artefacto volador cualquiera: Posarse tras una maniobra de descenso, sobre tierra firme o sobre cualquier pista o superficie que sirva a tal fin’, y la expresión &lt;em&gt;tierra firme&lt;/em&gt; equivale a ‘suelo’ o ‘superficie’ en general, y no a la del planeta Tierra en exclusiva. No obstante lo anterior, la RAE incorporó en su momento al Diccionario el término alunizar, ‘dicho de una nave espacial o de un tripulante de ella: Posarse en la superficie de la Luna’. Lo mismo podría decirse de su derivado nominal, &lt;em&gt;amartizaje&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el termino general es 'aterrizar' para todos los planetas o cuerpos celestes, menos el caso particular de la Luna, que tiene el verbo 'alunizar'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T19:03:20.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2612" CreationDate="2012-08-06T19:46:01.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not about &lt;em&gt;pensar que&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;creer que&lt;/em&gt;, it is about something called &lt;em&gt;Transporte de Negación&lt;/em&gt;. Basically, when the negation moves from the subordinate frase to the main one, the subordinate verb should be transformed to the subjuntive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creía que no podría dormir bien  (conditional verb + &amp;lt; 'no' + conditional verb &amp;gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creía que pudiese dormir bien ('no' + conditional verb + &amp;lt; subjunctive verb &amp;gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.es/books?id=tY-yTIewV8UC&amp;amp;pg=PA87&amp;amp;lpg=PA87&amp;amp;dq=subjuntivo%20%20negaci%C3%B3n&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=4VP83ELb1W&amp;amp;sig=sZ5owKvK7FWjS56rkZkF_6I4jpw&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=sRkgUJ_xGeLF0QW01oDQCQ&amp;amp;ved=0CG0Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=subjuntivo%20%20negaci%C3%B3n&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gramática Del Subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;, page 88 after examples (4) (5) (6). I didn't read all the book, maybe a different explanation is provided somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T19:46:01.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2679" CreationDate="2012-08-06T23:44:59.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not exactly a book, but a very useful page with online resources is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/spanish/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BBC - Learn Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there's any Spanish course such as those offered for free by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dw.de/dw/0,,4640,00.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Deutsche Welle&lt;/a&gt; to learn German Language. They have pdfs that you can print, and mp3 to hear also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T23:44:59.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2687" CreationDate="2012-08-07T12:22:58.783" Score="35" ViewCount="465983" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;of&quot;, and &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;nothing&quot;, so why, when put together, are they used in response to &lt;em&gt;Gracias&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="904" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:35:54.283" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:42:31.723" Title="Why is &quot;De nada&quot; used as a response to &quot;Gracias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2012-08-07T13:29:31.367" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to DLE in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/de%20nada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;de nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;it's a polite answer to thanks being given to somebody&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it's kind of equivalent to &lt;em&gt;it was nothing&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;think nothing of it&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;no problem&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;don't mention it&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can also say &lt;em&gt;no fue nada&lt;/em&gt; (and in that sense that sounds more &quot;complete&quot;), &lt;em&gt;por nada&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;no hay problema&lt;/em&gt;; so basically &lt;em&gt;de nada&lt;/em&gt; and the other variants are the current short way of saying &lt;em&gt;no hay de qué dar las gracias&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;no hay por qué dar las gracias&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T14:24:37.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2012-08-07T13:30:02.673" Score="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;De nada&quot; means (literally) that there's nothing to be thankful about. &quot;No hay nada que agradecer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's semantically similar to &quot;not at all&quot;, but it can also be correctly translated to &quot;You're welcome&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:42:31.723" LastActivityDate="2020-06-02T12:42:31.723" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2691" CreationDate="2012-08-08T15:46:41.777" Score="6" ViewCount="294183" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces he visto que lo abrevian como &lt;em&gt;VoBo.&lt;/em&gt; por ejemplo dentro de la compañía donde trabajo. Sin embargo, no sé si realmente es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me parece extraño de la abreviación es que las dos palabras están juntas y cada una de ellas con su letra inicial en mayúscula. ¿Es acaso esto una regla para juntar dos o más palabras en una sola abreviación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T15:38:27.980" LastActivityDate="2021-02-17T17:34:44.180" Title="¿Es correcto abreviar &quot;visto bueno &quot; como &quot;VoBo.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2688" CreationDate="2012-08-08T15:56:43.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que sí (siempre y cuando sea VºBº)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dropby.com/Genealogia/abreviaturas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.dropby.com/Genealogia/abreviaturas.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto VoBo en lugar de Vº Bº me resulta un poco raro. Parece el nick de un adolescente poco leido (un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gran-angular.net/hoygan-estudio-a-fondo/2007/01/02/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hoigan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, vaya) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T15:56:43.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2688" CreationDate="2012-08-08T16:03:54.047" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;apéndice de abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt; del Panhispánico de Dudas de la RAE lo recoge como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;V.º B.º&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sigue las normas generales de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz#3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;formación&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz#6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ortografía&lt;/a&gt; de las de abrevaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre las abreviaturas formadas por contracción están las que presentan la letra o letras finales voladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, las abreviaturas se escriben con mayúscula o minúscula según corresponda a la palabra o expresión abreviadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la abreviatura corresponde a una expresión compleja, se separan mediante un espacio las letras que representan cada una de las palabras que la integran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se escribe siempre punto detrás de las abreviaturas, salvo en el caso de aquellas en las que el punto se sustituye por una barra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto indica que la forma &amp;quot;VoBo.&amp;quot; no es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T16:28:02.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2696" CreationDate="2012-08-08T18:44:04.547" Score="3" ViewCount="454" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encontré esta frase que me confundió en una canción : &amp;quot;hoy me muero yo&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿Cuál es el significado de añadir el pronombre después de haber conjugado el verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Inglés&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across a phrase in a song which confused me. &amp;quot;Hoy me muero yo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of adding the pronoun after you've conjugated the verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pinta, pinta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pinta su carita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin esa carita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy me muero yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pequeña, echate pa'aquá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="916" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T14:16:36.240" Title="Using pronoun after similarly conjugated verb?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2694" CreationDate="2012-08-08T21:13:41.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without a little bit of more context it is hard to know the exact reason why this phrase was written like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you do this kind of things is to provide more emphasis to what you are saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let's pretend that two people are talking about something that has put them in a bad situation and one of them say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quiero morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that things are so bad that she would like to die, figuratively speaking of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a reply the other one says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, hoy me muero yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that this person feels much more embarrassed so today it will be HER turn to die or that she should die first, again figuratively speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in a nutshell, this is not a way that everyday speech is used, only in very specific cases where you want to provide some emphasis to the phrase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T21:13:41.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2694" CreationDate="2012-08-09T08:48:07.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy común usar este orden (adverbio-verbo-sujeto) en frases cortas cuando se quiere dar más importancia a &quot;cuándo&quot; se lleva a cabo la acción en vez de la acción en sí misma, y el verbo es intransitivo. En estos ejemplos, se incluyen posibles preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inglés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very common to use this order (adverb-verb-subject) in short sentences when you want to stress &quot;when&quot; the action is taken rather than the action itself, and the verb is intransitive. In these examples, I include possible questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Quién se muere hoy? o ¿qué pasa hoy?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    — Hoy me muero yo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Quién cocinó ayer? o ¿qué pasó ayer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    — Ayer cocinó Raquel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Quién hablará mañana?, ¿hay algún acto mañana? o ¿cuándo hablará el presidente?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    — Mañana hablará el presidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Vienes al cine?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   — No puedo, luego vendrán mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T14:16:36.240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T14:16:36.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2565" CreationDate="2012-08-09T13:42:17.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your comment &quot;Sería mejor que (yo) repartiera periódicos en vez de buscarte trabajo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Repartiera' corresponds to the 1st person subjunctive present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="918" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T13:42:17.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2700" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-09T15:22:27.457" Score="3" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've come across the below sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] todas han sucumbido a los encantos del espía con licencia para matar más famoso del cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does &quot;los encantos&quot; mean?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does &quot;con licencia para matar&quot; mean?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does &quot;más famoso del cine&quot; mean and what does it refer to?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It seems quite odd for the order of &quot;más famoso del cine&quot;, I mean, should it not follow &quot;para matar&quot; but elsewhere?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original context is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miranda Frost, Elektra King, Irina, Valenka, Paris Carver... todas han sucumbido a los encantos del espía con licencia para matar más famoso del cine, casi siempre interpretadas por actrices igualmente espectaculares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't it more natural to say &quot;el espía con licencia para matar QUE ES más famoso del cine&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T20:20:05.807" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T20:20:05.807" Title="Translation: más famoso del cine" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2700" CreationDate="2012-08-09T15:49:10.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is a little vague. You are asking for specific pieces of the translation but you seem not to understand the whole sentence. It is kind of missing the forest for the trees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole phrase means, or could be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;every woman has fallen for the most famous spy's charms with licence to&#xA;  kill in the movie industry. -- Obviously they are talking about James&#xA;  Bond. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can see what each piece means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los encantos / the charms&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con licencia para matar / with licence to kill&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  más famoso del cine / films'|movie industry's most famous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand your confusion about the ordering of the sentence. Remember that English and Spanish are quite different in that regard (to be honest I'm not even sure I got the order right in the English translation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decompose the sentence into its parts it might make more sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas: is the subject.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;han sucumbido: is the verb.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;a los encantos: is the direct object.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;del espía con licencia para matar: is the indirect object.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;más famoso del cine: grammatically speaking I am not sure what this would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your last update. If you add &quot;... para matar &lt;em&gt;QUE ES EL&lt;/em&gt; más famoso ...&quot; then this is ALSO correct but, contrary to what you think, it is not more natural because this extra construct is somewhat implied on the original sentence. By all means you can say it like this and nobody will look at you funny, but it is not mandatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-08-16T19:36:16.803" LastActivityDate="2012-08-16T19:36:16.803" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1325" CreationDate="2012-08-09T21:55:58.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &quot;minced-texture&quot; concoction would also explain why &quot;pico de gallo&quot; is used by some in Northern Mexico not as a name for salsa but as a name for a chilled side dish of finely chopped jicama, orange juice and plain Tapatio-style sauce. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="919" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T21:55:58.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2724" CreationDate="2012-08-09T22:21:03.510" Score="7" ViewCount="3995" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the rule for using the &quot;passive se&quot; (e.g. &quot;¿Cómo se dice?&quot;) with a reflexive verb that involves another &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; pronoun? For example, how would you translate &quot;One takes a shower (ducharse) frequently in hot weather.&quot;? Do the two &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; pronouns simply combine into one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="75" LastEditDate="2012-08-10T07:11:45.777" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T14:56:13.157" Title="How do you use the &quot;passive se&quot; with a reflexive verb?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2706" CreationDate="2012-08-09T22:25:37.217" Score="8" ViewCount="4254" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read that both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can be used with &lt;em&gt;casado&lt;/em&gt; to give different connotations to the phrase &quot;to be married.&quot; What exactly are the differences, and when would you use each verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T22:16:16.127" Title="What is the difference between &quot;ser casado&quot; and &quot;estar casado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2705" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-09T22:30:58.240" Score="10" ViewCount="6613" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English &quot;to be true&quot; can be translated to Spanish as either &lt;em&gt;ser cierto&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ser verdad&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference between the two? When would you use one instead of the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-08-09T22:47:27.627" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T17:09:18.207" Title="What is the difference between &quot;ser cierto&quot; and &quot;ser verdad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2704" CreationDate="2012-08-09T22:42:59.803" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ser casado&quot; can have two differnt &quot;connotations&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The passive form. You are married &lt;strong&gt;BY&lt;/strong&gt; someone. Check this Groucho Marx quote in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabidurias.com/cita/es/191379/groucho-marx/fui-casado-por-un-juez-pero-mejor-deberia-haber-pedido-un-jurado&quot;&gt;Spanish&lt;/a&gt; and in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/g/grouchomar128215.html&quot;&gt;English&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can also mean &quot;to be married&quot; in sentences like &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy un hombre casado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (I'm a married man) although in specific that case, I would say it's a pre-made sentence. No one would say (at least in Spain, which is where I am from) &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy casado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We always use &quot;&lt;em&gt;estoy casado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;married&quot; being a condition that can change throughout the time). I believe that &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy un hombre casado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; should be seen like &quot;I am a man&quot; (which I can't &lt;strike&gt;change&lt;/strike&gt; easily change) &lt;em&gt;+ an adjective&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some other examples of this type of usage may include: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Soy un hombre íntegro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy un hombre soltero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Forcing it a bit, you can say &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy un soltero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (although it may start sounding weird) but never &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy soltero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Soy un soltero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the same as &quot;&lt;em&gt;soy un hombre soltero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ommiting the &quot;&lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;&quot; part.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Estar casado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means clearly &quot;&lt;em&gt;to be married&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is purely my opinion (no &quot;official&quot; confirmation here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="623" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-10T11:12:21.367" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T11:12:21.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2705" CreationDate="2012-08-10T08:28:02.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no difference. &quot;Ser cierto&quot; is a bit more formal way for &quot;ser verdad&quot; but they are interchangeable in most of cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T08:28:02.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2705" CreationDate="2012-08-11T15:33:31.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;you should think as 'cierto' = right / correct and 'verdad' = true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'cierto' it's normally used as &quot;es cierto&quot; which means &quot;that's right.&quot;&#xA;while &quot;verdad&quot;, normally used as &quot;es verdad&quot; means &quot;that's true.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ser cierto / ser verdad, even it can be ok depending the sentence, it's not used quite often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="924" LastActivityDate="2012-08-11T15:33:31.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2704" CreationDate="2012-08-11T18:52:53.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once in a while, the term &quot;estar soltero&quot; is used to describe a married man, usually with whimsical or humorous intent.  It can range from something like the English slang phrase, &quot;he's batching it this evening&quot; to something carrying some innuendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't directly answer your question,  but the use of &quot;estar casado&quot; when &quot;ser casado&quot; might have been expected can be sometimes heard as carrying a bit of humor with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-08-11T18:52:53.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-11T19:17:36.160" Score="3" ViewCount="2962" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess bilingual books may speed up the learning process a little bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="714" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T04:25:21.373" Title="Are there any free bilingual books in Spanish and English?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-08-12T13:35:15.700" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2711" CreationDate="2012-08-12T00:59:55.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can´t think of any good site for that purpose. There are places in which you can find free books, both in English (mostly) and in Spanish (few), such as &quot;Project Gutenberg&quot;, but they tend to be &quot;old books&quot;, and old Spanish, as old English is sometimes not easy to understand, and they both use expressions which are obselete nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, one of the best ways to compare equivalent sentences in both (modern) languages are bilingual DVDs: watching a movie (or part of it) in both languages. But that is not free. It can be cheap, if you rent the DVDs or you buy films which are not recent hits, but not free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="925" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T00:59:55.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2694" CreationDate="2012-08-12T01:06:05.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cuestión de énfasis.  El &quot;yo&quot; al final es más enfático que antes del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en una canción, también puede ser cuestión de sincronizar la letra con la música.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T01:06:05.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2711" CreationDate="2012-08-12T04:25:21.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite site is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.childrenslibrary.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;International Children's Digital Library&lt;/a&gt; which also has an iOS app if you're so inclined. It essentially presents a searchable collection of scanned children's books in many different languages and skill levels.  There are many filtering criteria which makes it easy to browse.  Create a login for free to save your favorites.  The amazing thing about the entire site is that it's entirely free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T04:25:21.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2716" CreationDate="2012-08-12T16:56:15.340" Score="6" ViewCount="400" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué &quot;say nothing&quot; en inglés se traduce como &quot;no habla nada&quot; en español? &#xA;¿Por qué hay una extra &quot;no&quot;? Otro ejemplo: &quot;I know nothing&quot; en inglés se traduce &quot;Yo no sé nada&quot; en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it that to say &quot;say nothing&quot; in Spanish, one would write &quot;no habla de nada&quot;? Why the extra &quot;no&quot;? Another example: &quot;I know nothing&quot; translates to &quot;Yo no sé nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="853" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-12T17:23:27.600" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T15:21:59.803" Title="&quot;no&quot; + verb + &quot;nada&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2715" CreationDate="2012-08-12T17:12:21.810" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español no existe la doble negación, es decir, se pueden añadir más adverbios de negación sin que la oración pase a ser afirmativa, solo refuerza que sea negativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta nota de&lt;/a&gt; la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español existe un esquema particular de negación, que permite combinar el adverbio &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; con la presencia de otros elementos que tienen también sentido negativo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los adverbios &lt;em&gt;nunca, jamás, tampoco&lt;/em&gt;, los indefinidos &lt;em&gt;nadie, nada, ninguno&lt;/em&gt;, la locución &lt;em&gt;en la/mi/tu/su vida&lt;/em&gt; y los grupos que contienen la palabra &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; aparecen siempre en oraciones de sentido negativo. Si estos elementos van antepuestos al verbo, este no va acompañado del adverbio de negación &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Nunca voy al teatro; Él tampoco está de acuerdo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero si van pospuestos al verbo, este debe ir necesariamente precedido del adverbio &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;No voy nunca al teatro&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Él no está de acuerdo tampoco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La concurrencia de esas dos «negaciones» no anula el sentido negativo del enunciado, sino que lo refuerza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-13T15:21:59.803" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T15:21:59.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2719" CreationDate="2012-08-12T19:37:24.667" Score="3" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cigüeña tocaba cada vez mejor el saxofón y el búho pedía kiwi y&#xA;  queso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you transliterate this into US ASCII characters? And what does the phrase mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="926" LastActivityDate="2012-08-21T06:54:03.740" Title="Transliteration + translation of pangram" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2715" CreationDate="2012-08-12T19:40:42.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with JoulSauron's answer, but in a simple way: &quot;nada&quot; can be translated &quot;nothing&quot; or as &quot;anything&quot;, depending on the context. A couple of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres? Nada = What do you want? Nothing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres? No quiero nada = What do you want? I don't want anything ( = I want nothing )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you if you use &quot;nada&quot; and a verb, the &quot;no&quot; must be there, too. You cannot say &quot;Quiero nada&quot;. As the sentences is negative, the &quot;no&quot; is mandatory. It's just idiomatic, something that must be learnt that way, but you can think that the english &quot;nothing&quot; is stronger than the spanish &quot;nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="925" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T19:40:42.470" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2717" CreationDate="2012-08-12T19:59:46.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Transliteration is simple: barely remove the accents and change &quot;ñ&quot; to &quot;ny&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation might sound even more absurd in English than it is in Spanish, as it is just a sentence which lets the reader realize how does a computer font look... but well... it might be &quot;The stork played the saxophone better and better and the owl asked for kiwi and cheese.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="925" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T19:59:46.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2705" CreationDate="2012-08-13T23:25:50.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I see it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es cierto = it's true&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es la verdad = it's the truth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es verdadero = it's authentic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, that &quot;verdad&quot; is noun, not adjective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T23:25:50.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2705" CreationDate="2012-08-14T13:56:49.757" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, there is a difference: &quot;es &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?type=3&amp;amp;val=cierto&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cierto&lt;/a&gt;&quot; means that something is manifestly true, with certitude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In current common use, however, there are equivalent: &quot;es verdad = es cierto = it's true&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:36:00.397" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T13:56:49.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2594" CreationDate="2012-08-14T14:05:57.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to zirrus' answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue en seguida. / Se fue en seguida. (Intransitiva)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This form is quite used, and the change of emphasis is well defined. The first form, more plain , implies that he went somewhere (the place might be tacit, but it's asssumed to be known) (&quot;He went at once &quot;). The second form, with &quot;se&quot;, disregards this aspect (&quot;where did he go?&quot;) and focuses on the subject, to state that he left the place; it's to be translated rather as &quot;He left at once&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T14:05:57.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2703" CreationDate="2012-08-14T17:15:25.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two pronouns just combine in one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;One takes a shower frequently in hot weather&quot; --&gt; Se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She takes a shower frequently in hot weather --&gt; (Ella) se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="929" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T17:15:25.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2726" CreationDate="2012-08-14T21:07:42.867" Score="5" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es correcto para indicar la idea &quot;Something happened while something else was going on&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No vi nada mientras estaba corriendo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No vi nada mientras corrí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="853" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-05T23:04:15.287" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T23:04:15.287" Title="How can I express &quot;Something happened while something else was going on&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2725" CreationDate="2012-08-14T21:28:22.160" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para responder esta pregunta primero es necesario entender el tiempo verbal copretérito. Este tiempo indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una acción pasada que sucedió al mismo tiempo que otra.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una acción pasada que no se sabe cuando terminó o que no ha terminado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basándome en el ejemplo y en el título de la pregunta, infiero que estamos en el primer caso. El primer ejemplo es típico del copretérito puesto que la acción pasada es el no haber visto nada al mismo tiempo que se estaba corriendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera un poco más simplista podemos ver que el tiempo es copretérito por la terminación &quot;aba&quot; del verbo &quot;estar&quot;, las dos terminaciones de este tiempo son &quot;aba&quot; e &quot;ía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar la misma idea en la segunda frase, lo único que tenemos que hacer es conjugar la segunda acción también en copretérito y quedaría de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No ví nada mientras corría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí estamos usando la terminación &quot;ía&quot; del verbo correr y de esta forma las dos frases son equivalentes con la única diferencia que la primera usa el verbo compuesto &quot;estar corriendo&quot; y la segunda sólo usa el verbo &quot;correr&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T21:28:22.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2725" CreationDate="2012-08-15T15:11:21.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Sergio es muy exhaustiva. Aun asi, doy mi opinión sobre &quot;uso habitual&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No vi nada mientras estaba corriendo : Me suena perfecto. El &quot;mientras&quot; indica una acción de una cierta duración, así que el &quot;estaba corriendo&quot;, que indica una acción que quizá aún no hubiera terminado, suena perfectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No vi nada mientras corrí : Suena muy forzado, no se usa. En todo caso, sería más correcto &quot;no vi nada mientras corría&quot;, y en ese caso la diferencia es muy sutil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la sutil diferencia entre esos dos casos, quizá otro ejemplo la aclare más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le vi cruzando la calle (observé la acción completa)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le vi cruzar la calle (observé un instante, pero no desde el principio hasta el final).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, en este caso, &quot;corriendo&quot; = OK, &quot;corrí&quot; = incorrecto, &quot;corría&quot; = correcto, con una pequeña diferencia de significado (acción más breve, menos continuada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="925" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T15:11:21.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2565" CreationDate="2012-08-15T16:58:02.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is over one month old, but let me enter the conversation, as I do not fully agree with any of the previous answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original sentence seemed to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería mejor que (yo) repartiera periódicos en vez de buscarte trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which might be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be better (for me) to distribute newspapers instead of looking for a job for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's go for it...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Repartiera&amp;quot; is not conditional, but subjunctive (distributed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Sería&amp;quot; is conditional (would be)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Repartiera&amp;quot; is not present tense, but past tense (present would be &amp;quot;reparta&amp;quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why &amp;quot;repartiera&amp;quot; (subjunctive?) and not &amp;quot;repartia&amp;quot; (indicative past)? We use subjunctive when something is a wish or depends on a condition, and indicative to express facts. Let me include a few examples:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I distributed newspapers when I lived in XXX = Yo repartía periodicos cuando vivía en XXX (a fact: indicative)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish I distributed newspapers, as I would have more spare time = Ójala repartiera periódicos, porque tendría más tiempo libre (a wish: subjunctive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I distributed newspapers, I would have more spare time = Si repartiera periódicos,  tendría más tiempo libre (the beginning of a conditional sentence)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="925" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:58:02.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2522" CreationDate="2012-08-17T17:51:17.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there is a difference of emphasis in English and Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the focus is on what something smells OF. Este huele de humo. This smells of smoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spanish, the emphasis seems to be on the organ that something smells to. Este huele a [la nariz], humo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part about la nariz is understood, and is therefore left out of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or sabe a ajo really &quot;means&quot; (in this context), &quot;sabe a [la lengua] ajo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It tastes, TO [THE TONGUE], garlic. (Words in brackets are &quot;understood.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-21T19:04:05.800" LastActivityDate="2019-07-21T19:04:05.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2733" CreationDate="2012-08-18T18:13:42.317" Score="2" ViewCount="4908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find a proper synonym for &quot;&lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as in the quality of three dimensional objects of occupying space, to use with a regular object, such as a &quot;big dog&quot;. I'll explain my specific situation below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when searching, this is what I find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;magnate, noble, prócer, ilustre, egregio, excelso, ínclito, sobresaliente, conspicuo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These have a totally different meaning, using the meaning of &quot;great&quot;, as in good at something or respectable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;monumental, considerable, mayúsculo, extraordinario, desmesurado, desmedido, ingente, inusitado, gigantesco, colosal, exorbitante, enorme, tremendo, grandioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These, while referring to space, all involve the concept of being &quot;too big&quot; for something. While &quot;&lt;em&gt;considerable&lt;/em&gt;&quot; does not have that effect, it also does not provide the idea of something being big (as another meaning for &quot;&lt;em&gt;considerable&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is also to be acceptable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vasto, espacioso, extenso, holgado, amplio, ancho, alto, elevado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, these ones are closer to that concept, but it is not completely correct to use them with the exact same meaning as &quot;&lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. A &quot;&lt;em&gt;big bed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not the same as a &quot;&lt;em&gt;vast bed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; nor a &quot;&lt;em&gt;wide or tall bed&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My specific purpose is to write this sentence. In the context, I have two dogs (one big, and one small), and I want to refer to the bigger one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi perro más grande tiene (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to avoid the use of &quot;&lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because it could also be understood as older, when I actually want to talk about size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-18T18:54:32.623" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T06:42:49.507" Title="Synonyms for big (grande), as in volume?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2732" CreationDate="2012-08-18T19:08:24.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;When talking about animals or objects, &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=grande&quot;&gt;grande&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is always about size, it only takes the meaning of age when it is said about a person, so your sentence is completely fine and impossible to be understood as &quot;older&quot;. If you want to talk about your older dog, you would use &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=viejo&quot;&gt;viejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;viejo, ja.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Se dice de la persona de edad. Comúnmente puede entenderse que es vieja la que cumplió 70 años. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Se dice de los animales en igual caso, especialmente de los que son del servicio y uso domésticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you don't need any synonym as the precise word you are looking for is &quot;&lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and there isn't any synonym for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-19T00:55:23.240" LastActivityDate="2012-08-19T00:55:23.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2736" CreationDate="2012-08-19T23:06:02.447" Score="4" ViewCount="6291" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1151/vegetable-verdura-vs-vegetal&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Vegetable&amp;rdquo;: verdura vs. vegetal&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that they can both refer to &quot;vegetables.&quot; But verduras also translates into &quot;greens.&quot; So what's the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could it be that vegetales can also refer to &quot;non-green&quot; vegetables such as potatoes, mushrooms and (non-green) beans?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T18:10:37.643" Title="Difference between vegetales and verduras?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2012-08-21T05:02:07.273" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2734" CreationDate="2012-08-20T08:09:51.410" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verduras&lt;/em&gt; is a tiny subset of &lt;em&gt;vegetales&lt;/em&gt;. Think of them as canidae (dogs, wolves, etc) and animals. In other words, all &lt;em&gt;verduras&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;em&gt;vegetales&lt;/em&gt;, but not all &lt;em&gt;vegetales&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;em&gt;verduras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vegetales&lt;/em&gt; is a type of organisms, as are animals, bacteriae, fungi, etc. You would say something has an &lt;em&gt;origen vegetal&lt;/em&gt; when it was made from some kind of plant, such as olive oil, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verduras&lt;/em&gt; is a subtype, mostly something you can eat which is green colored. But not all &lt;em&gt;vegetales&lt;/em&gt; you can eat are &lt;em&gt;verduras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="921" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T08:09:51.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2734" CreationDate="2012-08-20T18:10:37.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an English word &quot;produce&quot;  (as in &quot;the produce aisle of the supermarket&quot;).  I would translate &quot;produce&quot;  as &quot;verduras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T18:10:37.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2717" CreationDate="2012-08-21T06:54:03.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Search Google for an ASCII table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can type them, in Windows at least, with ALT + CODE &#xA;The only one I know by heart is ALT + 164 = ñ  ALT + 165 = Ñ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastActivityDate="2012-08-21T06:54:03.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13179" CreationDate="2012-08-22T02:57:09.437" Score="5" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo traducir la siguiente oración? Ya que no se que función cumple las sentencias &lt;code&gt;all-in-one&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;troubleshooter&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A technician computer functions like an all-in-one computer troubleshooter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="821" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T16:36:42.333" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T01:15:53.527" Title="How to translate Troubleshoot into this sentence?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2741" CreationDate="2012-08-22T06:47:08.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Troubleshooting&lt;/em&gt; es el proceso de diagnosticar y/o detectar el origen de un  fallo o incidencia en un determinado sistema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;all-in-one&lt;/em&gt; podría traducirse como &lt;em&gt;todo en uno&lt;/em&gt; (como los típicos detergentes, abrillantadores y enceradores todo en uno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que yo traduciría la frase a algo como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un técnico informático actúa como un detector de problemas todo en uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiera algo más de contexto se podría afinar un poco más la traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T06:47:08.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2741" CreationDate="2012-08-22T19:52:30.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un técnico de computadoras funciona como un solventador de problemas multifunción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;technician&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede ver «técnico de computadoras» o «técnico en computación».&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;all-in-one&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suele traducirse por «multifunción» cuando actúa como adjetivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;em&gt;all-in-one printer&lt;/em&gt; → impresora multifunción)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;troubleshooter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es «solventador de problemas» (o «×solucionador de problemas», aunque ×&lt;em&gt;solucionador&lt;/em&gt; no suena muy bien ni es un término recogido).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/solventar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Solventar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. (se muestra aquí sólo la 2ª acepción)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 tr. Dar solución a un asunto difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T19:57:44.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-08-22T20:02:11.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;también&lt;/strong&gt;» cuando tiene valor de &lt;em&gt;too&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;as well&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;además&lt;/strong&gt;» cuando tiene valor de &lt;em&gt;further&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;besides&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;moreover&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;additionally&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="335" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T20:02:11.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2741" CreationDate="2012-08-22T20:28:24.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré mucha dificultad en la búsqueda del término &quot;troubleshooting&quot; en español.  Es muy posible que no haya una traducción exacta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siga el vínculo siguiente para ver el título de un libro, edición en español, sobre el diagnóstico de fallas en sistemas de aire acondicionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B003KKBKWE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Fallas-Troubleshooting-Aire-Acondicionado-Parte/dp/B003KKBKWE/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1345666917&amp;amp;sr=8-7&amp;amp;keywords=espa%C3%B1ol+troubleshooting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T20:28:24.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2750" CreationDate="2012-08-23T01:20:34.757" Score="5" ViewCount="2688" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there were any difference between these two verbs, especially in their usual respective contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus point for pointing out differences between Argentina and Spain as well (if any!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-08-23T06:23:31.360" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T22:03:47.930" Title="añorar vs extrañar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2747" CreationDate="2012-08-23T02:14:55.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;añorar - To yearn for, to long for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;extrañar - To miss&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="934" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T02:14:55.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2751" CreationDate="2012-08-23T04:28:58.957" Score="11" ViewCount="121395" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I talk to a friend (Dominican I believe) via chat like Gtalk, he always starts the conversation with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;klk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did some research about that and found that, in fact, it comes from the Spanish &quot;que lo que&quot;. So, what does that mean? Is it some kind of Dominican &quot;hello&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:07:36.230" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:07:36.230" Title="What does &quot;que lo que&quot; (&quot;klk&quot; in chat) mean?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2747" CreationDate="2012-08-23T07:14:58.993" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the same context, both words mean almost the same. The relevant definitions from the RAE are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extrañar: 4. tr. Echar de menos a alguien o algo, sentir su falta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Añorar 1. tr. Recordar con pena la ausencia, privación o pérdida de alguien o algo muy querido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Extrañar' is more generic, it just means that you miss something or someone. For example, if I move to UK, I will find driving in the left side of the road a bit weird because I'm used to drive in the right side, so &quot;yo extrañaré conducir por la derecha&quot;. Usually 'extrañar' means just a change in your habits, and the new situation will not bother you for too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Añorar' is more about feelings. If I move overseas, I will miss my family, because I love them. It is not a temporary situation, something I will get used to; I will miss them forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For completness: 'echar de menos' is an idiom that holds both nuances, and in my opionion, it's more used than 'extrañar' or 'añorar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This answer is about Spain. I don't know if they use the words in the same way in Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T07:14:58.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2749" CreationDate="2012-08-23T13:47:32.537" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a Dominican slang way of saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;what's up&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (or even &lt;em&gt;WTF&lt;/em&gt;), most likely coming from &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿qué es lo que esta pasando?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;What's happening?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;What's going on?&lt;/em&gt;), suppressing the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; in a way like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Qué es lo que... (está pasando, pasa, etc)?&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;¿Qué eh lo que...?&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;¿Qué e lo que...?&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;¿Qué'e lo que...?&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;¿Qué lo que...?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-25T18:46:45.433" LastActivityDate="2012-08-25T18:46:45.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2752" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2755" CreationDate="2012-08-24T02:00:22.047" Score="5" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about that word now? &quot;Advertir&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always wondered how to translate &quot;faire remarquer&quot; from french or &quot;to remark that&quot; (sthg, to sb) from english, in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &quot;Advertir&quot; do the job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-08-24T09:15:03.280" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T17:15:50.017" Title="To remark that / faire remarquer: &quot;advertir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2752" CreationDate="2012-08-24T09:23:47.463" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Notar&quot;, &quot;hacer notar&quot; or even &quot;remarcar&quot; are better translations than &quot;advertir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T09:23:47.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2752" CreationDate="2012-08-24T16:32:43.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;advertir&quot; translates most closely to &quot;to warn.&quot;  &quot;Notar&quot; or &quot;mencionar&quot; would be my preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T16:32:43.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2752" CreationDate="2012-08-24T17:15:50.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I come from, &quot;advertir&quot; is more like &quot;to give a warning&quot;. I think either &quot;hacer notar&quot; or &quot;destacar&quot; feels more natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo/Example:&#xA;&quot;Quisiera destacar que esto nunca antes había sucedido.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="292" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T17:15:50.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2758" CreationDate="2012-08-25T00:52:24.727" Score="6" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, cuando se ve 'sin(x)', es propio decir 'sine of x', pero también es comun decir 'sine x'.  Es decir, omitir la palabra 'of' es común cuando se habla de funciones de un variable.  También es común cuando es una función de una expresión.  Por ejemplo:  'sin(x^2)' se puede decir 'sine x^2' sin la palabra 'of'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es común hacer lo mismo en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-08-25T16:29:47.403" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T06:33:06.680" Title="¿Es común omitir 'de' cuando se habla de funciones de un variable o de una expresión?" Tags="&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2761" CreationDate="2012-08-25T00:56:00.290" Score="12" ViewCount="28183" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la expresión quiere decir que algo fue dicho con claridad, pero ¿de dónde viene la expresión?  Es decir: ¿a qué se refiere originalmente? ¿Por qué pan y vino, precisamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T19:34:27.987" LastActivityDate="2020-01-20T01:30:33.520" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la frase &quot;al pan, pan, y al vino, vino&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2756" CreationDate="2012-08-25T03:37:22.797" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi experiencia (ingeniero, argentino), no, no es común la omisión. Casi siempre se dice &quot;seno de x&quot;, y lo mismo en expresiones análogas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-08-25T03:37:22.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2012-08-25T10:32:18.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pan y vino son los dos elementos de la comunión.  Bien puede ser que esto sea el origen del dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-08-25T10:32:18.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2765" CreationDate="2012-08-25T16:08:38.810" Score="6" ViewCount="2632" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que escuché a alguien referise a un &lt;em&gt;muestreo aleatorio&lt;/em&gt; con otra palabra, pero ya no me acuerdo cuál era...  ¿Hay otra forma de expresar el mismo concepto matemático?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-08-27T00:14:19.563" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T17:24:55.007" Title="¿Hay otra palabra o frase para expresar 'muestreo aleatorio'?" Tags="&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2012-08-25T21:52:05.503" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma habitual es &quot;al pan, pan, y al vino, vino&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/pan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;). Se refiere a que debemos llamarle &quot;pan&quot; al pan, y &quot;vino&quot; al vino. Es decir, llamar a cada cosa por su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, podemos pensar que hay un verbo elíptico: &quot;(Llamar) al pan, pan y al vino, vino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen es seguramente relativo a la liturgia católica tan popular en España en tiempos antiguos, donde el pan y el vino eran los elementos básicos de la comunión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-08-25T21:52:05.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2012-08-27T02:42:43.273" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la liturgia católica, el pan representa &quot;el cuerpo de Cristo&quot; y el vino &quot;la sangre de Cristo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llamar al pan &quot;pan&quot; y al vino &quot;vino&quot; significa utilizar un lenguaje llano y directo, sin metáforas ni simbolismos.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T02:42:43.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2756" CreationDate="2012-08-27T06:35:13.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo en que no se acostumbra, y de hecho, hacerlo sonaría muy raro y sería la primera vez que lo escuchase decir de esa manera. Es preferible decir &quot;seno de x&quot;, suena más propio. Además, recuerda que no siempre las mismas reglas en inglés pueden ser aplicadas al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-08-28T18:22:07.673" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T18:22:07.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2760" CreationDate="2012-08-27T06:45:00.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concuerdo con belisarius al decir que la palabra &quot;muestreo aleatorio&quot; es estandar a las matemáticas. Son términos generalizados que usualmente no tienen sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T06:45:00.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2760" CreationDate="2012-08-27T17:24:55.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Muestreo aleatorio&quot; es estándar en estadística, tanto en las ciencias puras como en las ciencias sociales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un sinónimo posible es &quot;muestreo al azar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es necesario mencionar que existe también otro sinónimo de aleatorio que es &quot;randomizado&quot;: se trata de un anglicismo innecesario, porque, como muy bien dice &lt;em&gt;belisarius&lt;/em&gt; en su comentario, la sinonimia no es deseable en el lenguaje científico. Lo ideal es la correspondencia biunívoca entre término y concepto. Me opongo al uso de &quot;randomizado&quot;, que considero inaceptable, pero existe, aunque por suerte se use poco y no haya conseguido desplazar al término &quot;aleatorio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: no es buena idea escribir &quot;estándard&quot; (con &quot;d&quot; final, como hace &lt;em&gt;belisarius&lt;/em&gt;), ni &quot;estandar&quot; (sin acento, como hace &lt;em&gt;ChairOTP&lt;/em&gt;). Lo mejor en español es &quot;estándar&quot;, como propone la Real Academia y defienden todos los manuales de lenguaje científico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T17:24:55.007" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2012-08-27T19:41:21.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría añadir algo más. A pesar de que &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; está aceptado por la RAE, en España (al menos en la región de Valencia) se considera el uso de &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; como vulgar y a menudo se hacen bromas sobre este término desde que la RAE lo incluyó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add something else. Althought &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; is accepted by the RAE, in Spain (at least in the Valencia area) it's considered that &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; is really vulgar and there are many jokes about this term since the RAE appended it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="661" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T19:41:21.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2771" CreationDate="2012-08-27T19:51:46.270" Score="19" ViewCount="3868" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español mexicano, cuando uno siente algo repugnante es típico usar una palabra onomatopeica: 'guácala' (imita el sonido de vomitar). Es equivalente a decir 'yuck' en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan común es 'guácala' por el mundo hispanohablante? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usan otras palabras en otros lugares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T10:54:29.830" LastActivityDate="2018-12-30T14:05:40.910" Title="¿Se usa 'guácala' fuera de México?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2767" CreationDate="2012-08-28T02:14:33.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia también se usa, (o se usaba) hace unos años era muy común escucharla, ya casi no la he escucho -no quiere decir, que aún no se utilize-, pero sí tiene la misma connotación de asco, disgusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T02:14:33.600" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2767" CreationDate="2012-08-28T04:19:27.607" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Ecuador se utiliza la palabra. Sospecho que el show de televisión mejicano '&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0229889/?ref_=sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Chavo del Ocho&lt;/a&gt;' pudo haber llegado a tener un rol en su adopción. Recuerdo que el personaje de '&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0028991/?ref_=tt_cl_t1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la Chilindrina&lt;/a&gt;' lo usaba bastante seguido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="952" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-01-26T18:56:06.950" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T18:56:06.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2772" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2777" CreationDate="2012-08-29T04:14:05.550" Score="20" ViewCount="3979" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate &quot;bug&quot;, as in a misfeature of a computer program or device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate offers a few options, none of which quite seem to fit, except the term itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bug     &amp;rarr; bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;error &amp;rarr; error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bicho &amp;rarr; insect, beast, creature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fallo &amp;rarr; failure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insecto &amp;rarr; insect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I used the word 'bug' in a conversation with someone, but they had no idea what I was talking about.  Granted, this person was not a techie, but even the least techie of people will understand if I say &quot;My program has a bug&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I communicate the same thing in Spanish?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2020-05-03T09:05:43.590" Title="Translation of &quot;bug&quot; to Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2772" CreationDate="2012-08-29T05:44:21.367" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid there's no good translation for &lt;strong&gt;bug&lt;/strong&gt; in that sense. If you are a computer expert or you speak English you know the English word. Otherwise you talk about &lt;em&gt;un error, defecto, problema o fallo en el programa o en el sistema.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T05:44:21.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2756" CreationDate="2012-08-29T06:33:06.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al contrario de lo que dicen otras respuestas, cuando estudiaba ingeniería en la universidad (en España), yo sí oí decir &quot;seno equis cuadrado&quot; en lugar de &quot;seno de equis al cuadrado&quot; y cosas similares bastante a menudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, no es la forma &quot;correcta&quot;, ni formal, pero cuando alguien está leyendo fórmulas en voz alta todo el rato, a menudo las abrevia, especialmente si están escritas al lado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T06:33:06.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2767" CreationDate="2012-08-29T14:10:07.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España no se usa &quot;guácala&quot; ni nada similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas onomatopeyas comunes para expresar asco son &quot;puaj&quot; o &quot;aj&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T14:10:07.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2772" CreationDate="2012-08-29T14:14:17.720" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bug&quot; is quite ambiguous in English, because it refers both to the &lt;em&gt;defects&lt;/em&gt; in the software as well as to their &lt;em&gt;manifestations&lt;/em&gt; that can be seen in the running program. In Spanish we often use &quot;defecto&quot; for software defects, and &quot;fallo&quot; for their manifestations, i.e. software failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2014-01-04T00:10:51.797" LastActivityDate="2014-01-04T00:10:51.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2772" CreationDate="2012-08-29T20:55:15.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to tell a non-tech person about a bug in your code, you would most probably want to say: &quot;Hay un pequeño problema en mi programa&quot; o &quot;Hay un pequeño error en mi programa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use the subtleties between &quot;fallo&quot;, &quot;falla&quot;, &quot;error&quot;, &quot;problema&quot;... in very specific context, such as RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If asked, you can always explain &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File%3aH96566k.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;where does the use of &quot;bug&quot; come from&lt;/a&gt; ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="956" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T20:55:15.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2781" CreationDate="2012-08-31T21:32:28.133" Score="13" ViewCount="34678" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cúal es el significado de la siguiente expresión &quot;de pe a pa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que aprenderte esto de pe a pa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-09-20T18:41:18.293" LastActivityDate="2020-08-01T22:47:58.087" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;de pe a pa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2780" CreationDate="2012-08-31T21:39:54.113" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE nos da la definición precisa, en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/pe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada para &amp;quot;pe&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de ~ a pa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Enteramente, desde el principio al fin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, tu ejemplo sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes que aprenderte esto de pe a pa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes que aprenderte esto de principio a fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una expresión con significado similar, también muy usada para significar &lt;em&gt;de principio a fin&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-31T22:20:05.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2780" CreationDate="2012-08-31T22:25:41.857" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gonzalo ya respondió sobre el significado. Sobre la antigüedad de la expresión (muy difundida en todo el ámbito hispano hablante) y su origen, ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://capsuladelengua.wordpress.com/2010/10/05/de-pe-a-pa/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En La Celestina, obra escrita por Fernando de Rojas en el año 1499, se lee el siguiente fragmento:&#xA;  “Yo te juro por el santo martirologio de pe a pa, el brazo me tiembla de lo que por ella entiendo hazer…”.&#xA;  En estas líneas, “jurar por el santo martirologio de pe a pa”, se entiende como: jurar por todos los mártires de la iglesia, desde el primero hasta el último.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Años después, en 1627, en Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales, obra escrita por  Gonzalo Correas, aparece esta definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“De pe a pa: Decir las cosas distintas y claras. Palabra por Palabra:”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿de dónde surgió tan intrigante expresión?…  Cuando no había imprenta, si se quería hacer copias de algún texto no quedaba más que echárselas a mano, y esa era la chamba de los copistas que, como sello de calidad, cuando terminaban su trabajo al pie ponían la frase  “de palabra a palabra” como garantía de que habían hecho una copia fiel; al ser una fórmula muy recurrente, usaron la abreviación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de P. a P.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bastaría un pequeño desliz fonético para convertir esta abreviación en la expresión “de pe a pa”, guardando el mismo sentido de “palabra a palabra”, tal como lo indicó Correas en 1627; ampliando después su significado a “con todo detalle”, tal como hoy la usamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:51:17.653" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:51:17.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2276" CreationDate="2012-09-01T11:09:07.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to venture a general rule that may have some exceptions, but I believe to be true in enough cases to lay it out this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In constructions involving an indirect object, &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; use the indirect object pronoun.  Now we're talking about actual usage more than formal rules, which you should keep in mind as I discuss this, but generally, even when there's a redundancy of information (&quot;Le dije a ella que me llamara&quot;), the pronoun &quot;le&quot; is the required part, and the &quot;a ella&quot; is used for emphasis, clarification, or quite simply, just to make the sentence longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A quién le tocó manejar?&quot;&#xA;&quot;Me tocó a mí.&quot; -- never &quot;Tocó a mí.&quot;  The reason both are used in this example are that it's very rare to have emphasis fall on the pronoun like that (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; tocó&quot;); but the emphasis has to fall somewhere, thus the &quot;a mí.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you stick by always using the object pronoun, you may find some cases where you shouldn't have, but I can guarantee they're going to be few and far between.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-01T11:09:07.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2673" CreationDate="2012-09-02T06:15:00.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a literal traslation, but in my opinion this is the more appropriate: &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&quot;You're making me hungry&quot; = &quot;Estás haciendo que me dé hambre&quot; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA; &quot;That makes me hungry.&quot; = &quot;Está haciendo que me dé hambre&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="964" LastActivityDate="2012-09-02T06:15:00.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2786" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2790" CreationDate="2012-09-02T09:57:48.077" Score="3" ViewCount="3580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo las reglas del acento tónico cuando está o no está sobre una sílaba... depende de la última sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me parece muy extraño cuando este acento gráfico está sobre palabras que tienen solamente una sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: la voz (sin acento); más (con acento); él (con acento); el (sin acento); yo (sin acento); vos/nos (sin acento); no, se, un, de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podríais explicarme, o darme referencias para que no me equivoque?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="872" LastEditorUserId="872" LastEditDate="2019-10-19T09:39:15.227" LastActivityDate="2019-10-19T09:39:15.227" Title="Acentos gráficos sobre las palabras de una sola silaba" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2786" CreationDate="2012-09-02T16:17:04.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mira el punto 3, &quot;tilde diacrítica&quot;, en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2012-09-02T16:17:04.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2789" CreationDate="2012-09-02T22:46:31.347" Score="7" ViewCount="152849" Body="&lt;p&gt;When referring to the fruit! (no 'fechas' nor 'meeting')&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;For those Argentinians out there: are there dates in Argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like some sort of 'higo' but that is 'fig', I even thought it is something like a 'pasa' but I still have no clue, but the taste is so familiar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Nmuo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Nmuom.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="850" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T21:30:37.007" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T20:46:57.977" Title="What's the translation of 'dates' as a fruit?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2788" CreationDate="2012-09-02T23:18:55.300" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia, the Spanish word for the fruit of the date palm is &lt;em&gt;dátil&lt;/em&gt;.  The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/d%C3%A1til&quot;&gt;RAE definition&lt;/a&gt; defines it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. m.&lt;/strong&gt; Fruto de la palmera, de forma elipsoidal prolongada, de unos cuatro centímetros de largo por dos de grueso, cubierto con una película amarilla, carne blanquecina comestible y hueso casi cilíndrico, muy duro y con un surco a lo largo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Spanish Wikipedia articles on &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_dactylifera&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phoenix dactylifera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1til&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dátil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, they come from the &lt;em&gt;palmera datilera&lt;/em&gt; tree and are probably native to Southeast Asia. I'm not from Argentina, but found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabelotodo.org/agricultura/palmas/datil.html&quot;&gt;another page&lt;/a&gt; that mentions it's been introduced in northeast Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palma datilera se ha introducido en Australia, y en el noreste de Argentina y Brasil, donde puede prosperar en las zonas secas. Dátiles propagados de semillas aparecen en muchas regiones tropicales y sub-tropicales donde son valorados como plantas ornamentales, pero donde el clima no es apto para la producción de fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-09-02T23:18:55.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2786" CreationDate="2012-09-03T13:43:10.557" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sencillamente, ese acento aparece en palabras con más de una definición para diferenciar entre las dos (o más!) posibles definiciones.  Los ejemplos incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí (yes), si (if)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él (he), el (the)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú (you), tu (your)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De (of), dé (subjunctive form of dar, to give)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se trata de una palabra de una sola sílaba, estos diacríticos no representan ningún cambio ni diferencia en pronunciación en el idioma hablado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-03T13:43:10.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2793" CreationDate="2012-09-03T13:58:31.527" Score="7" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can Spanish accent marks be dropped in a context where they cannot be displayed? I'm developing a computer program that generates labels for a display that only supports the English alphabet. Are there any other considerations or processing I could do to make the labels more readable? E.g. for German I replace umlaut characters like 'ü' with 'ue'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="966" LastEditorUserId="966" LastEditDate="2012-09-03T17:52:05.920" LastActivityDate="2014-07-25T08:19:48.190" Title="Spanish Accent Character Substitutions?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2795" CreationDate="2012-09-03T17:34:21.967" Score="5" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ingles existe la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crunch_time&quot;&gt;crunch time&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A critical period of time during which it is necessary to work hard&#xA;  and fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un periodo crítico de tiempo en el que es necesario trabajar duro y&#xA;  rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué palabra existe en el español con esa definición?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T14:16:13.633" Title="¿Como se traduciría al español &quot;crunch time&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2791" CreationDate="2012-09-03T18:31:59.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose it depends on what you mean by &quot;can.&quot;  Spanish written without accent marks is virtually 100% comprehensible to a literate fluent or native speaker, because, at least in my case, I don't use the accent marks as a guide to tell me what pronunciation to use.  In English, a mispeled word here and there doesn't damage comprehension, likewise in Spanish, a literate person is likely to read &quot;como estas&quot; and be able to grasp right away whether the person means &quot;like these&quot; or &quot;how are you?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that sense, yes, you most definitely can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, I can't speak to whether it's officially acceptable per the RAE because I have very little familiarity with that ruleset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="872" LastEditDate="2012-09-04T12:34:44.353" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T12:34:44.353" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2772" CreationDate="2012-09-03T18:43:57.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The professional community in my country (Costa Rica) uses the word &quot;pulga&quot; (flea). I am not sure if this is customary in other regions, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2012-09-03T18:43:57.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2792" CreationDate="2012-09-03T19:04:03.020" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest I can think of are &lt;strong&gt;&quot;momento/tiempo decisivo/crítico&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hora de la verdad&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: search on multiple webpages including &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/crunch+time.html&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;, own experience, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2012-09-04T14:16:13.633" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T14:16:13.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2012-09-06T05:14:45.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even when there can be many translations and the following one will probably not be the best one from an academical point of view, I'd choose &lt;strong&gt;&quot;como&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (or optionally &quot;como ~ o así&quot;) in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll be there at 5:00ish. =&gt; Estaré &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; a las cinco / Estaré &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; a las cinco o así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shirt was a reddish color. =&gt; La camiseta era &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; roja / La camiseta era &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; roja o asi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The woman appeared to be 50ish. =&gt; La mujer parecía tener &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; cincuenta / La mujer parecía tener &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; cincuenta o así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="956" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T18:36:30.380" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:36:30.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2797" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2798" CreationDate="2012-09-06T19:43:59.813" Score="5" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un curso de &lt;code&gt;Memrise.com&lt;/code&gt; hay extractos donde la ge en &quot;amigo&quot; y &quot;lugar&quot; se pronuncia como una leve jota, casi como una hache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es realmente la pronunciación castellana? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="872" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-09-06T21:10:38.667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T05:30:43.630" Title="Pronunciación de la letra ge" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2797" CreationDate="2012-09-06T20:27:39.553" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, tal como dice la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Séptima letra del abecedario latino internacional y octava del español, que representa, ante las vocales e, i, un fonema consonántico fricativo, velar y sordo, y en los demás casos un fonema consonántico velar y sonoro. Su nombre es ge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ORTOGR. Para representar el fonema velar y sonoro ante e, i, se escribe una u interpuesta, que no se pronuncia; p. ej., en guedeja, guisa. En los casos en que la u se pronuncia en alguna de estas combinaciones, debe llevar diéresis; p. ej., en Sigüenza, argüir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto para los casos específicos que mencionas como &quot;amigo&quot; o &quot;lugar&quot; sería el fonema velar y sonoro, mismo usado en palabras como &quot;gato&quot; o &quot;gorila&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-08T00:44:18.367" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T00:44:18.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2799" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2802" CreationDate="2012-09-07T11:24:54.057" Score="6" ViewCount="1351" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La hora de los loros&quot; is an idiom in Spanish.  I've seen it writing and heard it in conversation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you say the equivalent in English?  Not literally, but figuratively.  Is there an idomatic expression in English that means the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what's the origin of the phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Edit:  loros rather than lobos.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2012-09-07T13:46:49.957" LastActivityDate="2014-04-13T04:06:46.810" Title="What does &quot;La hora de los loros&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2797" CreationDate="2012-09-07T12:52:08.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La letra G en &quot;amigo&quot; y &quot;lugar&quot; tiene un pronunciación leve (a diferencia de &quot;gestar&quot; o &quot;gestionar&quot; que tienen una pronunciación parecida a la letra J, siendo comunes los casos en que esto sucede, pero mayormente se la encuentra de forma 'leve' como mencioné previamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la letra G en &quot;amigo&quot; y &quot;lugar&quot; suena igual o muy parecido a la G en las palabras inglesas &quot;good&quot;, &quot;God&quot;, &quot;ongoing&quot;, &quot;organization&quot;, entre otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="969" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-07T16:33:25.613" LastActivityDate="2012-09-07T16:33:25.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2799" CreationDate="2012-09-07T13:08:31.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I must say it's not a common phrase, it's rarely used. So, I don´t know the exact meaning, but it seems to be something like 'the time when everybody talks', used mostly to express that after something (important) has happened, everybody is going to say they opinions (most of them even talking without knowing the facts, therefore it's a pejorative phrase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="969" LastActivityDate="2012-09-07T13:08:31.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2799" CreationDate="2012-09-08T01:05:43.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maestrajenny.blogspot.com/2012/02/peruanismos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This page&lt;/a&gt; says that the meaning is &quot;at the crucial moment&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A LA HORA  DE LOS LOROS: esta locución significa “en el momento&#xA;  crucial” por ejemplo:”(...)a la hora de loros nadie se pronuncia”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That page also credits it as a Peruvian idiom, but I couldn't find another source to check the validity of that claim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T01:05:43.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2813" CreationDate="2012-09-08T03:29:35.450" Score="11" ViewCount="33044" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión muy común en México es &quot;inventar el hilo negro&quot;. ¿Qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay que inventar el hilo negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T10:30:30.070" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T08:07:21.683" Title="¿Qué es &quot;inventar el hilo negro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2812" CreationDate="2012-09-08T04:24:24.103" Score="5" ViewCount="1467" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la regla acerca del uso de las tildes sobre las letras mayúsculas? ¿Cuándo se debe ponerlas y cuándo no? ¿Y la regla siempre ha sido igual, o es algo que ha cambiado en el pasado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:50:52.340" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T13:25:15.977" Title="Tildes sobre las letras mayúsculas" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-08T04:30:58.420" Score="45" ViewCount="69177" Body="&lt;p&gt;English speakers learning Spanish have a hard time understanding the similarities and differences between &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;aun&lt;/em&gt;). They don't perfectly match up with the similar English words &quot;already,&quot; &quot;yet,&quot; and &quot;still.&quot; What concept exactly does each of the Spanish words express? Is there a relatively easy way for a language learner to understand the differences, or is it a matter of memorizing which word is used in which type of phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2019-10-16T14:23:03.813" Title="Understanding ya vs. todavía vs. aún" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2808" CreationDate="2012-09-08T05:13:35.720" Score="9" ViewCount="53371" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;tuanis&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se escribe &lt;em&gt;tuani&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tuanis&lt;/em&gt;? ¿En cuáles regiones se usa? Y, ¿es una palabra muy informal, o se puede usarla en otros contextos también?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:08:10.920" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T09:00:20.097" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;tuanis&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2807" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2809" CreationDate="2012-09-08T05:22:06.273" Score="7" ViewCount="27267" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;bomba&lt;/em&gt; can translate to English as any of the following, depending on the region:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bomb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pump&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spray&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;major piece of news&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bubble&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fire truck&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fire station&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gas station&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;light bulb in some areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plus a few more...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That always confused me, as most of those are very different concepts to me as a native English speaker. How did a single Spanish word come to mean all those things? What is the word's etymology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-04T03:23:56.377" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T03:23:56.377" Title="Why does &quot;bomba&quot; mean so many different things?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2012-09-08T13:13:34.497" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es la primera vez que oigo esta palabra (soy de España). Según la RAE es una palabra coloquial (no vulgar) que se usa por centroamérica (según la RAE, en el Salvador, Honduras y Nicaragua) para decir que algo es de calidad o está de moda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tuanis.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      1. adj. coloq. El Salv. y Hond. Dicho de una cosa: De excelente calidad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      2. adj. coloq. Hond. Dicho de una cosa: Que está de moda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      3. adv. m. coloq. Hond. bien (‖ según es debido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia RAE muestra que es correcto escribir tuani también, aunque parece que esta forma es más común en Nicaragua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tuani.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     1. adj. El Salv. y Nic. Dicho de una cosa: tuanis (‖ de excelente calidad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ver si algún nativo de estos países lo puede confirmar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="961" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-08T14:59:25.103" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T14:59:25.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2807" CreationDate="2012-09-08T14:09:41.087" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most of the meanings you outline are variations on two basic meanings, namely &quot;bomb&quot; and &quot;pump&quot;.  For example, &quot;gas station&quot; and &quot;fire station&quot; seem to be obvious extensions of the word &quot;pump&quot;, since both stations are based on a pump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &quot;bomba&quot; meaning a piece of news is, IMO, figurative.  In English we sometimes refer to a sensational news item as a &quot;bombshell&quot;.  Back in the 1940s, &quot;bombshell&quot; also was used to refer to an exceptionally pretty girl.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to a single word having a multitude of meanings, English is probably the worst language of them all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T11:26:14.540" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T11:26:14.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2805" CreationDate="2012-09-08T14:20:06.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English dialects, there are subtle differences between the meanings of one of these three words.  If you go back some seventy years, the phrase &quot;Is he yet reading?&quot; would have been understood differently in Ohio and in New England.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In New England, this phrase would have been understood as a stilted way of saying, &quot;Is he reading yet?&quot; something one would say of a child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Ohio, it meant, &quot;Is he still reading?&quot; something one would say of an old man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The matchup for &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; is close but not exact.  You shouldn't expect it to be exact.  With prepositions, the mismatches are even more evident.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-07-20T05:03:49.390" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T05:03:49.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2804" CreationDate="2012-09-08T14:48:27.033" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es usar siempre tildes sobre las letras mayúsculas. ¿Por qué? La tilde diacrítica es una marca ortográfica que indica una prescripción de la pronunciación (la prosodia) de una palabra y su remoción altera tal pronunciación. En fin, no es opcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de acentuación del castellano son sencillas en principio pero llenas de excepciones. Un excelente resumen lo provee &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20110720150147/http://www.dat.etsit.upm.es/~mmonjas/acentos.html&quot;&gt;Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente&lt;/a&gt; y las correcciones y modificaciones hechas por la RAE desde la redacción de tal documento están en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap22&quot;&gt;su sitio web&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las letras mayúsculas deben escribirse con tilde si les corresponde llevarla según las reglas de acentuación gráfica del español, tanto si se trata de palabras escritas en su totalidad con mayúsculas como si se trata únicamente de la mayúscula inicial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su hijo se llama Ángel.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    ADMINISTRACIÓN&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    ATENCIÓN, POR FAVOR.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Real Academia Española nunca ha establecido una norma en sentido contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-08T14:57:54.357" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T14:57:54.357" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2012-09-08T21:27:07.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más simple es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No trabajes en cosas o ideas que ya están hechas o pensadas con anterioridad, que son un hecho y/o han sido probadas con resultados exitosos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:47:16.617" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:47:16.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2804" CreationDate="2012-09-08T23:51:04.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo dicen &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2812/24236&quot;&gt;en esta otra respuesta&lt;/a&gt; lo correcto es tildar las mayúsculas. Lo que pasaba era que antaño era complicado hacerlo en las imprentas por lo que las mayúsculas estaban eximidas de tal requisito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="981" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-11-25T13:25:15.977" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T13:25:15.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2807" CreationDate="2012-09-09T00:27:23.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can think of so many words with such wide, strange arrays of meanings that to me, the multiple meanings of &quot;bomba&quot; is really nothing special.  In most cases, an imaginative mind can extrapolate why a word has taken on an extended, possibly figurative meaning with no problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider &quot;major piece of news&quot;.  The idea of something extremely urgent or important has figurative ties with explosions, bombs, etc. in every language I'm familiar with.  &quot;Bubble&quot; might come from the stereotypical shape of bombs, or the fact that a bubble pops like a bomb explodes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-09T00:27:23.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2012-09-09T18:36:48.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English equivalent would be &quot;don't reinvent the wheel.&quot; According to a comment below, it would be &quot;Reinventar la rueda&quot; tambien en español.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2012-09-11T16:55:03.910" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T16:55:03.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2818" CreationDate="2012-09-09T22:17:37.147" Score="9" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I make apps in my free time and I try to localize them myself, mostly using Google Translate, existing open source resource files etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words though, are very specific when it comes to computer or smart phone usage, so the translations I come up with can sometimes be totally out of context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, how would you translate &quot;tap&quot;, &quot;long press&quot;, &quot;swipe&quot; and &quot;flick&quot;?&#xA;These are typical words that come up all the time in smart phone usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="983" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T06:42:59.070" Title="Tapping and longpressing in spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2817" CreationDate="2012-09-10T06:42:59.070" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a bit difficult translate those words to spanish. I will translate it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tap: &lt;strong&gt;Tocar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long press: I've seen multiple ways to translate this word, like: &amp;quot;Pulsación larga&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;pulsar prolongadamente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;mantener pulsado&amp;quot;... I personally like the first one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Swipe: &lt;strong&gt;Deslizar&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;arrastrar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flick: &lt;strong&gt;Tocar&lt;/strong&gt; (Complete translation will be &amp;quot;Tocar rápidamente&amp;quot;, but it's too long)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="961" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T06:42:59.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2012-09-10T13:37:08.330" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy de México, y en mi experiencia, es más común la frase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;descubrir&lt;/strong&gt; el hilo negro&quot;. Y se dice que alguien &quot;descubrió el hilo negro&quot; cuando esa persona alardea o presume de haber descubierto algo que carece de dificultad para ser encontrado, algo que realmente es muy obvio o salta a la vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviéramos varios hilos de colores, obviamente seria bastante &quot;fácil&quot; encontrar el negro, porque &quot;resalta&quot;, de aquí viene la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero supongo que si hablamos específicamente de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;inventar&lt;/strong&gt; el hilo negro&quot; lleve el mismo significado, ya que erróneamente a veces se dice que alguien &quot;inventó&quot; algo, cuando en realidad lo que hizo fue &quot;descubrir&quot; algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastEditorUserId="313" LastEditDate="2012-09-10T16:57:21.393" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T16:57:21.393" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2822" CreationDate="2012-09-10T22:30:38.527" Score="5" ViewCount="8134" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;apañao&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente se usa exclusivamente en la región de Andalucía. Estaba hablando con alguien y dijo esa palabra pero no la pudo traducir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe su significado y uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is apparently used exclusively in the Andalucía region. I was talking with someone and he said the word but couldn't translate it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does someone know its meaning and usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-13T08:59:18.630" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T19:05:42.713" Title="What does &quot;apañao&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2820" CreationDate="2012-09-10T23:05:38.097" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking about people, &lt;em&gt;apañado&lt;/em&gt; (colloquially &quot;&lt;em&gt;apañao&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) means &lt;strong&gt;mañoso&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es un tío muy apañado. Se las arregla muy bien solo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talking about things, &lt;em&gt;apañado&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene una casa muy apañada. No es grande, pero es muy cómoda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apañado, da.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Hábil, mañoso para hacer algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Adecuado, a propósito para el uso a que se destina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T23:05:38.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2820" CreationDate="2012-09-10T23:20:18.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use it too in Catalonia, but I think it's more usual in Andalucía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apañao is the shortening of Apañado, that is composed from apañar. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/apa%C3%B1ado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; defines it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apañado2, da. (Del part. de apañar).&#xA;  1. adj. Hábil, mañoso para hacer algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, a person that is skilled or tricky to do something. If I have to translate it to english, probably I'll use resourceful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="961" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T23:20:18.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2824" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-11T22:29:34.700" Score="7" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate this sentence into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I could not decide what to wear for Halloween last year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was told to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No podía decidir qué ponerse para Halloween el año pasado...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I think this sentence can be contracted down some.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="984" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T08:59:18.133" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T05:25:52.790" Title="How would you properly say &quot;I could not decide what to wear for Halloween last year&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2824" CreationDate="2012-09-11T23:28:00.513" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico, this is what I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabía qué ponerme para Halloween el año pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-11T23:35:57.767" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T23:35:57.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2833" CreationDate="2012-09-12T05:57:07.383" Score="11" ViewCount="21760" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una amiga mexicana me dijo la frase &amp;quot;Estoy más puesta que un calcetín.&amp;quot;  ¿Qué significa eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto es que ella me ofrece una lección de baile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella: Yo te doy unas clasesitas de baile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo: Me gustaría tomar tu clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella: Cuando gustes, amigo. Estoy más puesta que un calcetín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-09-28T07:57:22.980" Title="¿Qué significa la frase &quot;Estoy más puesta que un calcetín&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-09-12T08:55:42.393" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase indica que ella está lista para ayudarte cuando sea, en cualquier momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T08:55:42.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2824" CreationDate="2012-09-12T10:17:12.900" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain and I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabía qué ponerme en Halloween el año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if you are talking about a costume:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabía de qué disfrazarme en Halloween el año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="961" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T10:17:12.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-09-12T14:21:34.810" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina puede significar que está borracha o que está muy excitada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="985" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-03T10:36:33.137" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T10:36:33.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-09-12T14:29:59.357" Score="-6" Body="&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Lo siguiente no será valido en México tal vez, pero si se aplica a MUCHOS paises de habla hispana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &amp;quot;estar puesto&amp;quot; tiene varios significados. Puede ser saber mucho, como dijo JoulSauron, pero también se utiliza hace años para hacer referencia a que alguien quien se encuentra drogrado (&amp;quot;Anoche en el boliche Pedro estaba puesto&amp;quot;). También puede ser usada para expresar deseo sexual (&amp;quot;Anita me tiene puesto&amp;quot;). Personalmente creo que este último es el que mejor encaja por el conexto. Finalmente, la parte 'más que un calcetín' es muy típico del latino, utilizar comparaciones para exagerar lo que se dice (&amp;quot;Estoy más loco que una cabra&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Estoy más frío que una heladera&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Tiene más tetas que una vaca&amp;quot;, y un sinfín de etcéteras, tantos como alcance la imaginación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella: Yo te doy unas clasesitas de baile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo: Me gustaría tomar tu clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella: Cuando gustes, amigo. Estoy más puesta que un calcetín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, y visto desde este punto de vista, creo que esa respuesta &amp;quot;Estoy más puesta que un calcetín&amp;quot; ha sido un coqueteo o insunuación sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="969" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-14T16:09:02.813" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1778" CreationDate="2012-09-12T17:35:34.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people might misread &quot;rendimiento&quot; as &quot;performance&quot;.  Performance and throughput are closely related concepts, so maybe it's close enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Desfragmentar un disco mejora su rendimiento.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué la palabra &quot;Throughput&quot; en Wikipedia.  Por error mío, lo busqué en Wikipedia en español.  Lo interesante es que hay un artículo para esa palabra en la versión española, y no se salta a otro término.  Aquí presento las primeras tres frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llama throughput al volumen de trabajo o de información que fluye a&#xA;  través de un sistema. Así también se le llama al volumen de&#xA;  información que fluye en las redes de datos. Particularmente&#xA;  significativo en almacenamiento de información y sistemas de&#xA;  recuperación de información, en los cuales el rendimiento es medido en&#xA;  unidades como accesos por hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que no hay una sola frase que quiere decir &quot;throughput&quot;.  En caso contrario, los autores de wikipedia seguramente lo habrían usado.  El artículo completo describe el empleo de &quot;throughput&quot; en la informática, y también en la industria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2012-09-15T11:14:31.990" LastActivityDate="2012-09-15T11:14:31.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-09-12T18:21:04.427" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy de México (al igual que tu amiga), y estoy en desacuerdo con la mayoría de las respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero y muy importante, esta frase NO tiene para nada una connotación sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros te responden acerca de la frase &quot;Estar &lt;code&gt;puesto&lt;/code&gt; en algo&quot;, pero creo que tampoco aplica aquí ya que la frase completa &quot;Estoy más puesta que un calcetín&quot; tiene un significado particular, NO es una frase que puedas dividir y analizarla por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase simplemente significa &lt;strong&gt;que está totalmente dispuesta o de acuerdo a participar o ayudar en lo que se este hablando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso significa que ella está &lt;strong&gt;totalmente de acuerdo o dispuesta en darte las clases de baile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-20T01:27:14.070" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T01:27:14.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2012-09-12T19:24:29.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente lo que se acostumbra es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay que inventar/descubrir el hilo negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que significa es que no es necesario hacer algo novedoso o complicado para resolver un problema puesto que ya existen soluciones conocidas y que se sabe que funcionan que se pueden aplicar al mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho es exactamente el mismo significado que tiene la frase en Inglés que Tom Au menciona en su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T19:24:29.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2824" CreationDate="2012-09-12T23:44:42.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends.  Because of the ambiguity mentioned in another comment, the sentence could mean something like &quot;I was having trouble deciding what to wear...&quot; leaving open the possibility that the speaker DID decide later.  Or it could mean, &quot;I never managed to decide what to wear...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, a good bet is something like, &quot;No podía decidir/no sabía qué ponerme (o de qué disfrazarme) para Halloween el año pasado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case, perhaps something like, &quot;No pude decidir qué ponerme/de qué disfrazarme para Halloween el año pasado.&quot;  &quot;No supe&quot; doesn't sound right to me, because I've always associated the preterite of saber (supe/supiste/etc.) with FINDING out something, like &quot;enterarse.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T23:44:42.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2836" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2840" CreationDate="2012-09-13T10:11:13.327" Score="16" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me topé con un anuncio de una gran cadena de tiendas de aparatos electrodomésticos, cuyo lema (entre otros) es :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás son tonterías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es gramaticalmente correcto en este caso tener un sujeto en singular con un verbo en plural? ¿O es un error intencional para dar un significado particular? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T03:10:46.657" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:10:46.657" Title="&quot;Todo lo demás son tonterías&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;nombres-colectivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2836" CreationDate="2012-09-13T12:45:24.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nosotros mismos usamos esa misma frase de esa misma forma, al decir &quot;Todo lo demás&quot; nos referimos directamente a un conjunto de cosas, con lo cual, el sujeto pasa a estar en plural, y por eso se continua con &quot;son tonterías&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy experto en gramática castellana, ni mucho menos, pero es lo que he comido toda la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberte ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T12:45:24.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2805" CreationDate="2012-09-14T02:41:46.577" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/em&gt;: When a &lt;strong&gt;positive&lt;/strong&gt; finished action is spoken. &quot;I have already done the homework&quot; would be &quot;Ya he hecho los deberes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt;. I would say they are perfect synonyms, as everyone outlined in &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=195772&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt;. But I want to note something. If I said 'todavía', I would be more likely to do the action after saying that. Also, it is expected to me to do it and I kind of deceive someone if I don't do it. If I said 'aún', which would be slightly more vague, I am just informing, not making up any excuse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: Todavía no he arreglado el cuarto. Aún no he arreglado el cuarto. The first one would be said to slightly deceive someone (sorry, I haven't tidied up my room yet); in the second, I'm just informing or complaining (I haven't tidied up my room so I cannot find anything!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just my Spanish point of view. It also might depend on the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="661" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T12:16:18.160" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T12:16:18.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2836" CreationDate="2012-09-14T12:52:53.397" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE explica esto en su sección de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;concordancia&lt;/a&gt;. En el apartado 4.7 se habla de los nombres colectivos. Estos nombres son los que se refieren a un conjunto de cosas pero aparentemente el sustantivo está en singular. Normalmente estos nombres llevan un verbo en singular cuando son sujeto, pero cuando se usan &lt;strong&gt;con el verbo ser y un sustantivo como atributo estos se conjugan en plural&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.7. Sujeto de nombre colectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las oraciones &lt;strong&gt;copulativas&lt;/strong&gt; con&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; cuyo &lt;strong&gt;atributo&lt;/strong&gt; no es un adjetivo, sino un &lt;strong&gt;sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tanto el&#xA;verbo como el atributo van en plural&lt;/strong&gt;: «Esta gente son asesinos»&#xA;(Universal [Ven.] 7.4.97); pero si el atributo es un adjetivo, es&#xA;incorrecta la concordancia en plural: «La gente aquí son desordenados»&#xA;(Santiago Sueño [P. Rico 1996]); debió decirse La gente aquí es&#xA;desordenada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, cuando &amp;quot;todo lo demás&amp;quot; se refiere a un conjunto de cosas, lo correcto es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás son tonterías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás es tontería.** (incorrecto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un comentario en esta misma página se comenta que nunca se diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás son inútiles** (incorrecto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás es inútil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se usa el singular porque &amp;quot;todo lo demás&amp;quot; no se refiere a un conjunto de cosas (no tiene sentido colectivo), sino al &amp;quot;esfuerzo restante&amp;quot; que no se puede dividir en unidades para considerarlo un plural. Además, &amp;quot;inútiles&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;inútil&amp;quot; podría considerarse un adjetivo en lugar de un sustantivo dependiendo del contexto lo que obligaría a usarlo en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-18T15:42:06.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="836" CreationDate="2012-09-14T20:34:52.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vostede&quot; (galego) &amp;amp; &quot;vusté&quot; (català) &amp;amp; &quot;você&quot; (português) all come from the same medieval expression &quot;vo(ue)stra/vossa  merced(e)/mercê,&quot; as it was customary in the Middle ages to speak to those with titles, honors or age in the third person (your honor, your highness, your grace). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vos&quot; is original to Latin (vous in French &amp;amp; voi in Italian) and is both singular and plural. The Castilians invented &quot;vosotros&quot; (like the Americans invented &quot;you all&quot;) to distinguish between the singular and the plural meanings in the pronoun &quot;vos,&quot; which is still commonly used in many countries in Latin America. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original verb endings for &quot;vos&quot; were &quot;ades&quot;(ar); &quot;edes&quot;(er); ides(ir). In the renaissance era, the &quot;de&quot; was dropped in favor of the tilde (fablades = hablás / habláis) (bebedes = bebés / bebéis) (venides = venís) and the &quot;i&quot; was added (ar/er) to distinguish between the singular &quot;vos&quot; and plural &quot;vosotros&quot; forms. The Castilians in Spain stopped using &quot;vos&quot; in the 18th century while it remains in use in Latin America, where &quot;vosotros&quot; is never used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="992" LastActivityDate="2012-09-14T20:34:52.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2842" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-16T01:22:32.273" Score="5" ViewCount="1947" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo hay que cambiar los adjetivos que acaban en &quot;-c&quot; y otra vocal por &quot;qu&quot; usando &quot;ísimo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que cuando se usa &quot;-ísimo&quot; con un adjetivo que acaba en &quot;-co&quot;, la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; cambia a &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; y entonces se añade &quot;-ísimo&quot;. Pero he pensado que el año pasado aprendí que hay algunos adjetivos que no cambian la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;, y ahora no me acuerdo de ninguno de esos adjetivos, y ninguno de mis profesores ni siquiera sabe de qué estoy hablando. ¿Alguien me puede ayudar, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Inglés&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know when using &quot;-ísimo&quot; with an adjective that ends in &quot;-co&quot;, the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; changes to a &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; and then the &quot;-ísimo&quot; is added. But I thought that last year, I learned that there are some adjectives that do not change the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; to a &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; and now, I can't remember any of the adjectives and none of my teachers even know what I'm talking about. Can somebody please help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="993" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2012-09-17T06:21:43.507" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T16:44:02.687" Title="When do you have to change adjectives ending in &quot;-c&quot; and another vowel to a &quot;qu&quot; while using &quot;-ísimo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2012-09-16T01:56:19.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not entirely sure if I'm right. But my spanish 3 teacher told me that they both mean &quot;there&quot; But ahí is extremely informal. The same with acá. Acá and aquí both mean &quot;here&quot; but acá is much more informal. I hope that helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="993" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T01:56:19.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2012-09-16T02:02:56.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned that acá and aqui mean the same thing &quot;Here&quot; but acá is more informal. And ahí and allí mean the same thing &quot;There&quot; but ahí is more informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="993" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T02:02:56.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2842" CreationDate="2012-09-16T06:04:12.610" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The changes you're referring to are strictly to maintain the desired sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Rico -&gt; Riquísimo.  The only reason the change is there is because the letter C is only &quot;hard&quot; before A, O, and U and other consonants.  Before I and E, it produces a soft sound (like S, or more accurately like Z where the two letters have different sounds).  In other words, &quot;ricísimo&quot; does not sound the way it's supposed to, thus the letter change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without an example from you I can't be sure, but chances are that if you know of an adjective where the C doesn't change to QU, it's because the following vowel is an I or an E anyway, so the C already has a soft sound and thus is fine the way it is.  There are no exceptions to this rule in the standard language that I'm aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="948" LastEditDate="2012-09-19T14:05:51.397" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T14:05:51.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2012-09-16T14:38:43.927" Score="22" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Complete vs Ongoing&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of those times when there is no one-to-one mapping between English and Spanish words. Here's my understanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ya&quot; expresses completeness or finality. &quot;Todavía&quot; expresses that something is ongoing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Ya tengo un perro.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; have a dog; this is complete and final. Note: this construction may also mean I &lt;strong&gt;finally&lt;/strong&gt; have a dog; again being complete and final. The first use would be used as a negative (No thanks, I already have a dog and I don't want another) while second one means satisfaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Ya no tengo un perro.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;no longer&lt;/strong&gt; have a dog; this is complete and final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Todavía tengo un perro.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;still&lt;/strong&gt; have a dog; this is ongoing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Todavía no tengo un perro.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;don't yet&lt;/strong&gt; have a dog; this is ongoing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="529" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T18:36:55.253" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T18:36:55.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2851" CreationDate="2012-09-17T19:20:00.150" Score="15" ViewCount="6693" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi lengua materna es el español, hablo también francés y hace unos días estuve en Italia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he dado cuenta de que tanto en francés como en italiano, la principal conjunción copulativa (lease la traducción de 'y') es &quot;et&quot; y &quot;e&quot; respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso estoy leyendo un libro de historia de México y en transcripciones de cartas se observa que hace un par de siglos, incluso en castellano la conjunción copulativa era &quot;e&quot; siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día únicamente se usa la &quot;e&quot; cuando la siguiente palabra comienza con &quot;i&quot; por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta comer peras e higos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo contrario se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta comer peras y manzanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cuándo se cambió el uso de la &quot;e&quot; como conjunción copulativa por la &quot;y&quot; y se crearon las reglas actuales, y cuáles fueron las razones para que se cambiara, tomando en cuenta que pareciera que el resto de las lenguas que derivan del latín conservan la conjunción original que era &quot;et&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T09:58:16.687" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T16:38:30.190" Title="Origen de la conjunción copulativa &quot;y&quot;" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2849" CreationDate="2012-09-17T21:08:28.060" Score="3" ViewCount="1304" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy, platicando con amigos, me topé con una duda existencial acerca de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir a [lugar]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a &lt;strong&gt;ir a esa casa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella va a &lt;strong&gt;ir a Europa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por ejemplo, imaginen este contexto: alguien apuntando hacia un lugar a pocos metros de él, y dice: &quot;Quiero ir ahí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de decirlo: &lt;em&gt;quiero ir &lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;em&gt;quiero ir &lt;strong&gt;a ahí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-18T07:37:24.507" LastActivityDate="2012-09-18T07:37:24.507" Title="Duda con la frase &quot;ir a [lugar]&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2848" CreationDate="2012-09-17T21:25:23.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/ahi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición&lt;/a&gt; en el diccionario de la RAE, nos damos cuenta que el primer significado es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ese lugar o a ese lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero ir a ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sería redundante por lo que la forma correcta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero ir ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-09-17T21:25:23.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2842" CreationDate="2012-09-17T22:14:59.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, when the letter &quot;c&quot; is before &quot;i&quot; and &quot;e&quot; it has a soft sound so it still being &quot;c&quot; like for example &quot;dulce&quot; --&gt; &quot;dulcísimo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-23T20:40:55.307" LastActivityDate="2012-09-23T20:40:55.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2847" CreationDate="2012-09-18T06:41:06.757" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece ser que es a causa de las abreviaturas de &amp;quot;et&amp;quot; en los escritos medievales y que no se fijó su uso como copulativa (en lugar de &amp;quot;i&amp;quot;) hasta 1726. En el enlace de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?Y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de chile: origen de la letra Y&lt;/a&gt; está explicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Edad Media la producción de documentos escritos, como ya sabemos, era manual y para agilizar los procesos de copia y transcripción se empleaban abreviaturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para representar la conjunción coordinante copulativa procedente del latín &amp;quot;ĕt&amp;quot; los amanuenses emplearon varias alternativas gráficas en castellano: la forma latina &amp;quot;et&amp;quot;, la arcaica &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;, la forma innovadora &amp;quot;i&amp;quot;, pero principalmente abreviaturas parecidas al signo &amp;quot;&amp;amp;&amp;quot; con algunas variantes en que se dejaba entrever con mayor o menor claridad la e y la te. La simplificación llevó a que ese signo se llegase a convertir en un trazo similar a una erre minúscula o una i sin punto o bien a un 7 con el borde superior izquierdo curvado hacia arriba, por otro lado muy semejante a una &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; más o menos a mediados del s. XII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la imprenta llegó a España, en 1472, ya se había generalizado el empleo tanto de la i latina como de la griega porque la pronunciación general ya debía de ser /i/ entonces. Los impresores seguían empleando abreviaturas consagradas por el uso y, a efectos tipográficos, aquel signo parecido al 7 ya se había convertido precisamente en una &amp;quot;y&amp;quot;, porque además de economizar tipos se pronunciaba igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello no implica que aún triunfara la propuesta. Seguir imprimiendo abreviaturas llegó a no tener demasiado sentido, sobre todo si conllevaba tener que escoger entre demasiados tipos de tipos (valga la redundancia) y ya era preferible escribir las palabras enteras. Hasta 1726 fueron alternándose los usos de &amp;quot;i&amp;quot; e &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; según el impresor o el autor. La RAE zanjó el problema escogiendo la forma actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-18T07:51:14.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2797" CreationDate="2012-09-19T05:30:43.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonolog%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Sonidos_conson.C3.A1nticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonolog%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Sonidos_conson.C3.A1nticos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/b/, /d/, y /g/ son aproximantes ([β̞], [ð̞], [ɣ˕]; (de aquí en adelante representado sin tachuelas) en todas las posiciones excepto después de pausa, después de consonante nasal, o, en el caso de /d/, después de consonante lateral; en estos contextos, son oclusivas sonoras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría ser esto lo que has oído? En &quot;amigo&quot; y &quot;lugar&quot; usualmente /g/ no se pronuncia como la /g/ en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T05:30:43.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2853" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2855" CreationDate="2012-09-19T14:46:09.087" Score="2" ViewCount="1487" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3/how-to-pronounce-the-consonants-y-and-ll&quot;&gt;How to pronounce the consonants y and ll?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had one teacher that taught me to pronounce &quot;LL&quot; harshly, something like the English &quot;J&quot;. Another teacher I learned from told me to pronounce it softer-- more like a &quot;Y&quot;. Are these two regional variations in the pronunciation? If so, where is &quot;LL&quot; pronounced like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuve una maestra que me enseñó a pronunciar la &quot;ll&quot; con aspereza como la &quot;j&quot; inglesa. Otra maestra que tuve me enseñó a pronunciarla más suave,como una &quot;y&quot;. ¿Son estas variaciones regionales en la pronunciación? Si es así, ¿dónde se pronuncia &quot;LL&quot; así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="599" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T18:38:30.123" Title="Regional pronunciations of &quot;LL&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2012-09-19T18:13:37.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2853" CreationDate="2012-09-19T14:58:21.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest, as a native Spanish speaker I barely notice a difference in the pronunciation between the English &quot;J&quot; and the &quot;Y&quot; (I have been repeating several words with both out loud).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I think that in Mexico City, where I'm from, the sound would be the harshly sound you described from the English &quot;J&quot;. It is very possible that in different countries, or even in different regions within a country, the sound will somewhat vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a personal opinion, I do not believe you should be too concerned about getting the sound exactly right between the &quot;J&quot; and the &quot;Y&quot;, worst case scenario, if the person you are talking with pronounces it differently he will think that you have a foreign accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ser honesto, como mi lengua materna es el Español, no noto diferencia entre las pronunciaciones de la &quot;J&quot; inglesa y la &quot;Y&quot; (he estado repitiendo diferentes palabras con ambas letras en voz alta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, creo que en la Ciudad de México, de donde soy originario, el sonido podría ser &#xA;el más áspero que describiste como la &quot;J&quot; inglesa. Es muy posible que en distintos países, o en distintas regiones dentro de un mismo país, el sonido pueda variar un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como opinión personal, no creo que te deba preocupar mucho el tener el sonido exacto entre la &quot;J&quot; y la &quot;Y&quot;, en el peor de los casos, si la persona con quien estas conversando lo pronuncia diferente va a pensar que tienes un poco de acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T14:58:21.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2853" CreationDate="2012-09-19T16:16:49.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am from Mexico too, and for us, there is no difference between the sound of the &quot;Y&quot; and the sound of the &quot;LL&quot;. The sound is practically the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accoding to what I just read, this is caused because of a phonological change called &quot;yeismo&quot; (I really dont know how to translate it to english) This change means that the people started pronouncing the &quot;LL&quot; as the &quot;Y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not all the Spanish speakers talk like that, in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; link there is a map in which the red areas indicate the regions that make a distinction between &quot;LL&quot; and &quot;Y&quot;, the green areas indicate regions which dont.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo también soy de México, y, para nosotros, no hay diferencia entre el sonido de la &quot;Y&quot; y de la &quot;LL&quot;. El sonido es prácticamente el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer un artículo acerca de la &quot;LL&quot;, y esto es causado por un cambio fonológico llamado &quot;yeísmo&quot;, el cual significa que la gente comenzó a pronunciar la &quot;LL&quot; al igual que la &quot;Y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no todos los hablantes de español hablan así, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; link hay un mapa el cual muestra ciertas áreas rojas que indican las regiones en las que sí se hace distinción entre la &quot;LL&quot; y la &quot;Y&quot;. Las áreas verdes representan los países o regiones en los que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-20T01:23:56.087" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T01:23:56.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2857" CreationDate="2012-09-20T11:29:24.077" Score="5" ViewCount="403" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say 'is climate change making them worse?' as a question, with 'them' referring to 'floods'. The full sentence is meant to be a title or slogan for something, like 'Floods in Ecuador; is climate change making them worse?'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought it might be something like:&#xA;¿El cambio climático les hace peor(es)? or &#xA;¿El cambio climático les empeora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am probably wrong but I thought I'd have a go myself before asking the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1001" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T12:38:35.180" Title="How to say 'Is climate change making them worse?', with 'them' referring to floods" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2856" CreationDate="2012-09-20T12:38:35.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should go with &quot;las&quot;, not &quot;les&quot;. I'm not much of a grammar guy, but here &quot;les&quot; means &quot;to them&quot;, not &quot;them&quot;, so it sounds like the floods themselves are suffering or being affected (in a kind of personal way, if that makes sense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El cambio climático las empeora&quot; or &quot;El cambio climático las está empeorando&quot; look fine to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T12:38:35.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2859" CreationDate="2012-09-20T18:40:57.543" Score="7" ViewCount="55454" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy una amiga me dijo &quot;Soy pata de perro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo las palabras literalmente, pero ¿qué significa esa expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-09-20T20:58:28.330" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T16:16:08.037" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;pata de perro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2012-09-20T19:38:48.197" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Significa que le gusta andar por la calle (y, por extensión, se podría también aplicar con el sentido de que le gusta viajar, no quedarse mucho tiempo en un mismo lugar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE, en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=8mOkTxaKFDXX27dspuUV#pata_de_perro.&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada para pata&lt;/a&gt;, nos dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~ de perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;com. coloq. Méx. y Perú. Persona callejera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, aunque el diccionario solo menciona el uso de esta expresión coloquial en México y en Perú, en Colombia también es utilizada, aunque coloquialmente aquí solemos suprimir el sonido de la &amp;quot;d&amp;quot; y decir &amp;quot;pata'e perro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T20:32:19.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2861" CreationDate="2012-09-20T22:20:48.790" Score="4" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm stuck with this translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that &lt;strong&gt;Value at risk&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;VaR&lt;/em&gt;) is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Valor en riesgo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. But how do you translate &lt;strong&gt;Tail Value at Risk&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some definitions taken from &lt;em&gt;Loss Models&lt;/em&gt; (Klugman S., &lt;em&gt;et al.&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; denote a random variable. The &lt;strong&gt;Value-at-risk&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; at the &lt;em&gt;100p%&lt;/em&gt; level is the &lt;em&gt;p%&lt;/em&gt; percentile (or quantile) of the distribution of &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Tail-Value-at-Risk&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; is the expected loss given that the loss exceeds the &lt;em&gt;100p%&lt;/em&gt; percentile (or quantile) of the distribution of &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing I can think of is &lt;em&gt;valor medio de riesgo en exceso&lt;/em&gt;. Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="880" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T01:34:58.923" Title="Translation for &quot;Tail value at risk&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2860" CreationDate="2012-09-21T03:47:42.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mapfre.com/wdiccionario/terminos/vertermino.shtml?v/valor-en-riesgo-en-la-cola.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario MAPFRE de Seguros&lt;/a&gt; sugiere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;valor en riesgo en la cola (tail value at risk)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y da la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Definición: Medida de riesgo definida como el nivel de pérdida&#xA;  esperado condicionado a que se supere el umbral de pérdidas del v.a.r.&#xA;  Formalmente, el t.v.a.r. se puede definir como la pérdida esperada en&#xA;  una cartera en el q% de los peores casos en un horizonte t. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sinónimo de valor en riesgo condicional o expected shortfall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T03:47:42.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1690" CreationDate="2012-09-21T04:43:56.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For years in South Texas my Mexican friends would say Muy Milo for very mild? I cannot find that referred to anywhere as a real word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1004" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-27T01:13:22.560" LastActivityDate="2012-09-27T01:13:22.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2864" CreationDate="2012-09-21T14:55:08.020" Score="6" ViewCount="2271" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me explain myself, the official definition is &quot;scholarship holder&quot;, but in some places it is a position in a company, sometimes is a &lt;em&gt;pro bono&lt;/em&gt; position but most of the times is an entry level job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-10-19T18:33:54.913" LastActivityDate="2021-03-03T04:50:56.577" Title="What would be a good translation of &quot;becario&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2863" CreationDate="2012-09-21T15:00:52.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if &quot;trainee&quot; could be considered the same thing but it looks like a good candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T15:00:52.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1690" CreationDate="2012-09-21T19:55:58.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suave, mediana, and muy picante would be understood, provided the context makes the reference to spiciness obvious.  Example: one word on the label of a salsa jar,  the sort of word that's red for hot, yellow for medium, and green for mild.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T19:55:58.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2860" CreationDate="2012-09-21T22:26:26.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se le puede encontrar nombrado como (todo es lo mismo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(riesgo de) deficiencia esperada (o media) (del inglés expected shortfall)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valor en riesgo condicional (CVaR en inglés, lo he visto en español como CVeR tratando de asemejarse a las siglas en inglés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valor en riesgo esperado (o medio) (AVaR en inglés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pérdida esperada (o media) en la cola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta que el valor de la media también es llamado esperanza en estadística, por tanto valor esperado (o medio). &#xA;También teniendo en cuenta que cuando habla de valor en riesgo condicional, se refiere a la condición de que se supere el 'valor en riesgo' (que es la previsión de riesgo en condiciones normales), por lo que valor en riesgo condicional es un valor más allá del valor en riesgo, superando esa condición, un valor en condiones de volatilidad o incertidumbre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1005" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-22T01:34:58.923" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T01:34:58.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2012-09-22T02:45:05.350" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I lived in Nicaragua I learned how to make repocheta. From what everyone's saying I'm going to assume it is a Nicaraguan recipe. It seems that no one has heard of it outside of Nica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would cook up a batch of red beans (I always put a clove or two of garlic in mine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you would blend them up with a couple of bell peppers, tomatoes, and an onion, until they're pretty smooth, and start frying them in some oil to make frijoles licuados. (Warning - splattering is a problem).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually let mine go for an hour or so until they've darkened in colour. That's when the flavour really deepens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also make a cabbage slaw which has finely shredded cabbage and carrots, chunks of cucumber and tomato, in a salt/vinegar brine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last, spread the frijoles licuados on a tostada (a big corn chip), top with cabbage slaw, and then dollop some sour cream on top. That's Nicaraguan repocheta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1006" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T02:45:05.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2873" CreationDate="2012-09-22T05:08:59.927" Score="9" ViewCount="30626" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para las palabras que son femeninas pero terminan en &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, ¿cuál es la forma diminutiva? O sea, ¿es el diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;foto fotito&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;fotita&lt;/em&gt;? Y para &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;, ¿es &lt;em&gt;manito&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;manita&lt;/em&gt;? En el caso de &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;, creo que he visto ambas formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T18:17:29.203" Title="¿Cuál es el diminutivo de mano, foto, moto, etc.?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2874" CreationDate="2012-09-22T05:16:08.437" Score="6" ViewCount="5166" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído que la palabra &lt;em&gt;tema&lt;/em&gt; se puede usar en la forma femenina: &lt;em&gt;la tema&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;la tema&lt;/em&gt;, y cómo se usa? ¿Es común? ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;el tema&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;la tema&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T02:29:29.507" Title="¿Cómo se usa la forma femenina de tema?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2868" CreationDate="2012-09-22T06:12:51.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como la palabra &quot;mano&quot; termina en &lt;code&gt;-o&lt;/code&gt; y aunque sea femenina, yo imaginaría que el diminutivo sería &quot;manito&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Para dar un ejemplo, el diminutivo de sistema es &quot;un sistemilla&quot; and not &quot;un sistemillo&quot;, y la misma regla aparecería para problema: &quot;el problemita&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-09-28T20:39:02.560" LastActivityDate="2012-09-28T20:39:02.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2869" CreationDate="2012-09-22T12:04:22.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto; &quot;tema&quot; se puede usar en femenino, con el significado de una idea fija u obsesiva. Mira los puntos 8 y 9 de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada correspondiente&lt;/a&gt; en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según mi experiencia, este uso no es común en España. Sin embargo, en gallego existe &quot;teima&quot;, también femenino y con el mismo significado de una idea fija u obsesiva, y es un vocablo muy común. Pero no es castellano, lo sé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T13:37:45.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2868" CreationDate="2012-09-22T13:34:25.970" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE en el caso de mano se aceptan ambas aunque la norma gramatical es no cambiar la vocal final en el diminutivo independientemente del género, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=mano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mano. 1.&lt;/strong&gt; ‘Parte del cuerpo que comprende desde la muñeca hasta la punta de los dedos’. Es femenino: &lt;em&gt;la mano&lt;/em&gt;. Para el diminutivo son válidas las formas &lt;em&gt;manito&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;manita&lt;/em&gt;. Lo habitual en la formación de los diminutivos de nombres que acaban en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; o en &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; es que el sufijo conserve la misma vocal final del sustantivo, independientemente de cuál sea el género gramatical de este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;la casa &amp;gt; la casita, el mapa &amp;gt; el mapita, el cuadro &amp;gt; el cuadrito, la moto &amp;gt; la motito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;, excepcionalmente, se han generado ambas formas; así, &lt;em&gt;manito&lt;/em&gt;, que mantiene la -o final del sustantivo, es la forma habitual en la mayor parte de América:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Saluda a Cámara con la manito»&lt;/em&gt; (Cuzzani Zorro [Arg. 1988]);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;em&gt;manita&lt;/em&gt;, que se ha generado atendiendo al género gramatical del sustantivo &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;, y no a su vocal final, es la forma que se usa habitualmente en España y en México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Nomás se despidió con la manita»&lt;/em&gt; (Monsiváis Ofensiva [Méx. 1979]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Menos frecuente es el diminutivo &lt;em&gt;manecita&lt;/em&gt;, también correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Él, enamorado, apretaba más la tierna manecita»&lt;/em&gt; (Derbez Usos [Méx. 1988]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="108" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T18:45:23.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2869" CreationDate="2012-09-22T15:49:17.783" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=tema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrada para tema&lt;/a&gt;  en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas nos habla sobre el uso tanto en masculino como en femenino de tema, nos aclara en cuáles acepciones se usa en masculino y en cuáles en femenino y aporta un ejemplo de su uso en femenino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tema. En el español general culto, es voz masculina en la mayoría de&#xA;  sus acepciones (‘asunto o materia’, ‘unidad de contenido de un libro o&#xA;  una materia de estudio’, ‘fragmento de una obra musical sobre el que&#xA;  se desarrolla una parte o toda la composición’, ‘canción’ y, en&#xA;  gramática, ‘parte de la palabra sobre la que se añaden las&#xA;  desinencias’): «Tal era el tema del libro recién leído» (Pitol Juegos&#xA;  [Méx. 1982]); «Puentes está estructurada en un tema y cuatro&#xA;  variaciones» (Melo Notas [Méx. 1990]); «Parodi cantó un tema propio»&#xA;  (Clarín [Arg.] 19.5.97). &lt;strong&gt;Con el sentido de ‘manía o idea fija en la&#xA;  que alguien se obstina’, se ha usado tradicionalmente en femenino&lt;/strong&gt;: «Ya&#xA;  le entró la tema de escandalizar por las recámaras» (VInclán Tirano&#xA;  [Esp. 1927]); pero también se emplea en masculino, por contagio del&#xA;  género propio del resto de las acepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-06T02:29:29.507" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T02:29:29.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2881" CreationDate="2012-09-23T19:35:18.180" Score="17" ViewCount="1477" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo una edición antigua de &lt;em&gt;Las Sergas de Esplandian&lt;/em&gt;, me encontré una palabra que no pude entender.  Aquí lo muestro con imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ryfWK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transcrito al alfabeto moderno, se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabed que ala diestra mano delas Yndias ouo vna Ysla llamada California mucho llegada ala parte del parayso terrenal...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en la ortografía moderna:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabed que ala diestra mano de las Indias &lt;strong&gt;[ouo]&lt;/strong&gt; una isla llamada California mucho llegada a la parte del paraiso terrenal...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero cuál palabra tiene significado con &lt;em&gt;ouo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1013" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-23T20:07:29.263" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:51:34.063" Title="¿Cuál palabra es &quot;ouo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2882" CreationDate="2012-09-24T02:25:24.997" Score="14" ViewCount="52690" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if someone has been gone for a while and has recently returned, it's common to greet them by saying, &quot;Welcome back!&quot; (or &quot;Welcome back from your trip!&quot;, etc). What is the most natural way to say this in Spanish? &lt;em&gt;Bienvenido de regreso&lt;/em&gt; sounds a little awkward to my (non-native) ears. Is that the only option, or is there something more common people would say in these situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T20:42:50.550" Title="Translation of &quot;Welcome back!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2012-09-24T02:27:51.397" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Bienvenido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Bienvenido de vuelta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Bienvenido de regreso!&quot; is fine too, I don't know why but I prefer to use &quot;vuelta&quot; instead of &quot;regreso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T02:27:51.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2880" CreationDate="2012-09-24T02:37:11.997" Score="18" ViewCount="80913" Body="&lt;p&gt;It recently occurred to me that the Spanish &lt;em&gt;nuez&lt;/em&gt; can be translated to English as both &quot;walnut&quot; and &quot;pecan.&quot; Is the same word really used for both types of nuts? How would you specify which nut you're talking about when the difference is important (say, in a recipe)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2020-11-16T00:29:12.893" Title="How do you differentiate between walnuts and pecans in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2012-09-24T04:07:51.220" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Colombia one usually would say &lt;em&gt;nuez&lt;/em&gt;, generically, if the context doesn't require the specific kind of nut; in the case of a recipe (or in any other context in which the difference matters) we, of course, have (and use) different names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pacana (pecan):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sWin3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuez (walnut):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a644y.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuez del Brasil (Brazil nut):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c9EKt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avellana (hazelnut):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5SjZN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And perhaps more that I cannot remember right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="1013" LastEditDate="2012-09-24T07:03:43.680" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T07:03:43.680" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2876" CreationDate="2012-09-24T08:19:53.747" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &quot;Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico&quot; de J. Corominas y J.A. Pascual, &lt;strong&gt;ouo&lt;/strong&gt; es una forma antigua del verbo &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; que equivale a &lt;strong&gt;hubo&lt;/strong&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tan grand pesar &lt;strong&gt;ouo&lt;/strong&gt; el Rey don alfonsso...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cantar de Mio Cid (c. 1200)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T08:19:53.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2012-09-24T08:44:12.870" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain is not usual to use &quot;Welcome back!&quot;, at least I do not use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, I have a friend who had gone to Scotland to live four months ago, last week he arrived to Spain and all of us said &quot;¡Bienvenido!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I translate &quot;Welcome back!&quot; I would say &quot;¡Bienvenido de nuevo!&quot; interpreting more than translating it, or &quot;¡Bienvenido otra vez!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that expression, at least in Spain, has no translation from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-09-25T07:38:28.010" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T07:38:28.010" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2012-09-24T15:47:49.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@jrdioko One must differentiate between the general case and the particular cases. @Gonzalo Medina has already pointed you several particular cases, but I'd like to address the general case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English word &quot;nut&quot; refers to all oily seeds produced by some wood trees and palm trees. It is the same for the Spanish word &quot;nuez&quot;. When you refer to a particular case, you qualify the word making it narrower in meaning. In some cases you have a different word to refer to that particular case, e.g., &quot;hazelnut/avellana&quot;. But your original premise is incorrect. &quot;Nuez&quot; does not mean &quot;walnut&quot; nor &quot;pecan&quot; nor it is a synonym of both either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T15:47:49.917" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2012-09-24T15:50:04.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, &quot;¡Bienvenido de regreso!&quot; is definitely not correct, as Zhen points out it is a cacophony. In all cases of translation, if you are not trying to convey spoken language (a truly hard task, as you need to know both the source and target dialect pretty well), then you should guide yourself by the use in the written language. In that same venue, &quot;¡Bienvenido de vuelta!&quot; isn't correct either. But, the use of the imperative verb conjugation (one of the subtle uses of the accusative case in the Spanish language), is perfectly legal and will make you sound both warm and educated: &quot;¡Se bienvenido!&quot;, &quot;¡Seas bienvenido!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastEditorUserId="979" LastEditDate="2014-09-25T19:19:19.413" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T19:19:19.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2887" CreationDate="2012-09-25T02:30:19.943" Score="2" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend is asking me to check the price for a &lt;em&gt;maquina de coser para costura over&lt;/em&gt; in the U.S., to see if it's worth bringing with me to Mexico when I visit soon.  I don't know what that is.  She doesn't know how better to translate it to English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Her description is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es una maquinita chiquita y tiene para que le insertes 4 hilos y hace la costura mira una camiseta tuya por dentro y las costuras de los lados si estan a la pura orilla pero como redondito o como por los 2 lados como que captura las 2 orillas y hace que no se deshile la ropa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would one translate the name of this machine into English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="157" LastEditDate="2012-09-25T02:45:39.617" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T02:45:39.617" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;máquina de coser para costura over&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2886" CreationDate="2012-09-25T02:38:10.610" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;overlock sewing machine&lt;/a&gt;. The image from Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kZDPr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, part of the description, that resembles what your friend told you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An overlock stitch sews over the edge of one or two pieces of cloth&#xA;  for edging, hemming or seaming. Usually an overlock sewing machine&#xA;  will cut the edges of the cloth as they are fed through (such machines&#xA;  are called ‘sergers’ in North America), though some are made without&#xA;  cutters. The inclusion of automated cutters allows overlock machines&#xA;  to create finished seams easily and quickly. An overlock sewing&#xA;  machine differs from a lockstitch sewing machine in that it uses&#xA;  loopers fed by multiple thread cones rather than a bobbin. Loopers&#xA;  serve to create thread loops that pass from the needle thread to the&#xA;  edges of the fabric so that the edges of the fabric are contained&#xA;  within the seam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T02:38:10.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2889" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2892" CreationDate="2012-09-27T00:40:53.680" Score="3" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently reading a review of a Spanish-English dictionary that picked &quot;loop&quot; as a good example of a word with many possible translations into Spanish. I looked around and found several possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;presilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lazada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;curva&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;meandro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rizo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bucle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;circuito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;círculo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vuelta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What specifically do each of these words refer to, and what contexts would you use it in? Which is the best, generic word for &quot;loop&quot; (essentially, something in the shape of a circle)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T19:43:34.180" Title="Spanish words for &quot;loop&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2891" CreationDate="2012-09-27T00:49:46.760" Score="11" ViewCount="26367" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el verbo normal &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; y su forma reflexiva &lt;em&gt;comerse&lt;/em&gt;? Si los significados son iguales, ¿cuál es la diferencia de connotación? Y, ¿se usa el reflexivo de la misma manera en todos los países, o hay variación regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-09-27T01:12:14.903" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T15:06:03.630" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre comer y comerse?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-09-27T03:30:07.783" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Verbos%20pronominales%20comentados.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;esta página&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, del señor &lt;strong&gt;Justo Fernández López&lt;/strong&gt; dedicada a los verbos pronominales, he encontrado una descripción que me parece apropiada, así que la transcribo aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;comer – comerse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma no pronominal &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; significa &amp;quot;ingerir&#xA;alimento&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;deglutir un alimento sólido&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;tomar la comida&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma&#xA;pronominal &lt;em&gt;comerse&lt;/em&gt; significa: &amp;quot;omitir alguna frase, sílaba, letra,&#xA;párrafo, etc., cuando se habla o escribe&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;gastar, consumir,&#xA;desbaratar la hacienda, el caudal, etc.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sentido de &amp;quot;ingerir&#xA;alimento&amp;quot;, la oración &lt;em&gt;ayer comí paella de marisco&lt;/em&gt; representa una acción concreta,&#xA;muy determinada como tal acción, pero el objeto atiende esencialmente&#xA;a la calidad de lo comido, no a su realidad concreta. Para que se&#xA;utilice la forma pronominal &lt;em&gt;comerse&lt;/em&gt; es necesario que la oración tenga&#xA;objeto directo determinado, porque lo que se enfatiza, lo que adquiere&#xA;un valor especial es la relación entre el sujeto y un objeto&#xA;determinado: &lt;em&gt;Ayer me comí una paella de marisco&lt;/em&gt;. Esto vale para los&#xA;verbos que significan &amp;quot;ingerir alimentos sólidos o líquidos&amp;quot;: almozar,&#xA;cenar, comer, desayunar, engullir, merendar, tomar (beber), tragar,&#xA;fumar y otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-09-27T03:30:07.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2889" CreationDate="2012-09-27T06:17:18.793" Score="13" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presilla&lt;/em&gt; refers to a buttonhole made with cord.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lazo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lazada&lt;/em&gt; refers to a knot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Curva&lt;/em&gt; is a curve (no kidding), which can be understood as a loop depending on the context but is very rare.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meandro&lt;/em&gt; is each one of the corners that a river forms, as far as I know is never used to refer to a loop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rizo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bucle&lt;/em&gt; are used to describe a loop in the hair.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Circuito&lt;/em&gt; can be used, for example, to refeer to a racetrack or an avenue. However, its most common use is for electrical circuits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Círculo&lt;/em&gt; corresponds to the geometric figure (circle).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuelta&lt;/em&gt; is a loop around something (like a racetrack, a block, a park, etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For computational purposes, loop can be translated as &lt;em&gt;bucle&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ciclo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, depending on the country, all of the above words can have little variations in their meaning, my explanation refers to Mexican Spanish. For the purposes of your question, I would suggest &lt;em&gt;círculo&lt;/em&gt; as the most generic word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1019" LastEditorUserId="1019" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T19:43:34.180" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T19:43:34.180" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2889" CreationDate="2012-09-27T13:22:05.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;tambien puede significar ciclo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="824" LastActivityDate="2012-09-27T13:22:05.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2895" CreationDate="2012-09-27T13:36:29.227" Score="4" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;They can both mean troubled or worried, based on my reading of Google Translate. But are there subtle differences in usage or context between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2012-09-27T20:01:53.817" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T18:14:28.017" Title="Differences between &quot;preocupado&quot; and &quot;molesto?&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2894" CreationDate="2012-09-27T14:29:58.183" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to have some sort of confusion here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Preocupar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To trouble,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To worry,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be concerned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Molestar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; literally means: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To bother&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To make upset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To hassle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Molestado&quot; needs some elaboration particularly in its use. It is gramatically incorrect to say &quot;estoy molestado&quot;; you say &quot;estoy molesto&quot; (&quot;I'm annoyed&quot; or &quot;I'm pissed&quot;) or &quot;estoy preocupado&quot; (&quot;I'm worried&quot;, &quot;I'm troubled&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context of having someone make you upset, you would rather say &quot;me han molestado&quot; or &quot;he sido molestado&quot; which both mean more or less &quot;somebody has hassled me&quot; or &quot;I have been disturbed&quot; or even &quot;somebody made me upset&quot; or &quot;I have been bothered&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe if you could give a little more context into why you think both terms mean troubled or worried you could get a better answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-09-29T18:14:28.017" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T18:14:28.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2670" CreationDate="2012-09-29T09:18:18.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with what is said in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2671/106&quot;&gt;JoulSauron's answer&lt;/a&gt;. The &quot;beginner's&quot; answer to the question is that it looks like a two-syllable word to us but it would be pronounced &quot;bwo&quot; without the accent as the &quot;h&quot; is silent.&#xA;The basic rule is the stress is on the second last syllable unless you have a written accent to tell you otherwise. There are exceptions to this rule  (for example words ending in certain letters) but it's a good place to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1020" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T18:19:05.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2012-09-29T22:00:09.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My boyfriend is a native Spanish speaker from Mexico, and he can only make the uvular trill. It hasn't caused any problems in communication, though people do joke about his &quot;French&quot; accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are times when he fails to make any trill at all because he instinctively makes an alveolar approximant (like the English R). This happened even &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; he learned English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1021" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T22:00:09.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2901" CreationDate="2012-10-01T13:32:34.877" Score="2" ViewCount="4427" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usa la combinación &lt;em&gt;asegurarse de que&lt;/em&gt;, ¿debe ser seguida por un verbo en subjuntivo o en indicativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un oración de ejemplo para este caso podría ser (usando ambas posibilidades):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La juventud debería asegurarse de que los mayores vivan una vida digna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La juventud debería asegurarse de que los mayores viven una vida digna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la más adecuada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;asegurarse de que&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; when meaning 'ensures that' need to be followed by a subjunctive or an indicative verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a sentence that uses it could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Youth should ensure that elderly live a life of dignity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vivan una vida digna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;viven una vida digna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1001" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T20:57:39.360" Title="Does the phrase 'asegurarse de' (ensures that) need to be followed by a subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2900" CreationDate="2012-10-01T16:30:04.923" Score="9" ViewCount="50107" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de la expresión &quot;A lo que te truje chencha&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T16:33:03.590" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T15:19:53.583" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión &quot;A lo que te truje chencha&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2012-10-01T16:36:06.193" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede tener dos singificados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No te metas en lo que no te importa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Concéntrate en lo que estás haciendo y no te distraigas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres solían decirme eso todo el tiempo mientras hacía mi tarea. Si de repente volteaba a ver la televisión mi mamá me diría &quot;A lo que te truje chencha&quot; y regresaría a ver mis libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could have a couple of meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mind your own business.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Focus on what you are supposed to do and do not get distracted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My parents used to say that a lot. If I had to do my homework and suddenly turned to watch the TV screen my mom would snap &quot;&lt;em&gt;A lo que te truje chencha&lt;/em&gt;!&quot; so I would turn back to face my homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T20:17:29.853" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T20:17:29.853" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2898" CreationDate="2012-10-01T18:15:35.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker and this is a very, very tricky question.&#xA;My guess:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you mean: make sure that the elderly currently live a life of dignity by, let's say, doing some research or asking them, then that would be &quot;asegúrate de que (ahora) VIVEN una vida digna&quot;. That's with indicative, no doubt about it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, if you are talking about the future, hypothetically, probably there is some rule that dictates that subjunctive should be used, but indicative is used all the time too, and there are some cases where subjunctive simply sounds very weird.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example. Let's say you got a new job in an elderly home. Your boss would tell you &quot;asegúrate de que VIVEN/VIVAN una vida digna&quot;. Both sound perfectly good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the command is directed to you, that would be &quot;asegúrate de que VIVES una vida digna&quot;, &quot;asegúrate de que SABES por dónde vas&quot; indicative only. &quot;Asegúrate de que vivas una vida digna&quot;, or &quot;Asegúrate de que sepas por dónde vas&quot; both sound very, very weird and incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? I have no idea. It also depends, I am quite sure, on the variety of Spanish. I am talking about standard Spanish from Spain, the one you would hear on the news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just one more thing. Be careful. There are several constructions with &quot;asegurar&quot;, that are challenging even for native speakers (that make quite a lot of mistakes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;asegurarse de algo&quot; = &quot;Make sure&quot; meaning. The one we are talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Make sure you turn off the light&quot; -&gt; Asegúrate de que apagas la luz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Make sure they turn off the light&quot; -&gt; Asegúrate de que apagan/apaguen la luz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;asegurar algo&quot; = &quot;I'm telling you, I swear!&quot; meaning, said by a person. Indicative always. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;He assures that he is not guilty&quot; -&gt; Asegura que no es culpable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;I assure you I am not guilty&quot; -&gt; Te aseguro que no soy culpable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;He assures that it was not him&quot; -&gt; Asegura que no fue él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;He assures that he will find a job soon&quot; -&gt; Asegura que encontrará un trabajo pronto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T20:57:39.360" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T20:57:39.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2902" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2904" CreationDate="2012-10-01T20:44:14.527" Score="13" ViewCount="10531" Body="&lt;p&gt;En programación es usual encontrar los términos &lt;em&gt;foobar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;foo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;baz&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;qux&lt;/em&gt; como variables metasintácticas (&lt;em&gt;placeholders&lt;/em&gt;, en inglés) que sirven para referirse a variables, funciones o a comandos cuyo fin principal es demostrar un concepto. ¿Existen términos equivalentes en español para estas variables metasintácticas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-02T09:47:43.923" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:16:38.517" Title="¿Existe un equivalente en español para &quot;foo&quot;, &quot;bar&quot;, &quot;baz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2012-10-01T23:10:04.963" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certainly, there are Spanish native speakers who can't roll the r, but this is not a common problem and rarely represents a difficulty to children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to logopedics (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logopedia&quot;&gt;logopedia&lt;/a&gt;) — the study, and correction, of speech defects, especially in children&amp;nbsp;—, this is called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotacismo&quot;&gt;rotacismo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dislalia&quot;&gt;dislalia&lt;/a&gt; del fonema r&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dislalia is classified as a speech disorder. It sounds very weird to native Spanish speakers and according to logopedists it can lead to low self-esteem, social isolation and even statter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you allow me to add a personal anecdote here, I've only heard a handful of native speakers having difficulties to roll the r in my whole life, and in this particular moment I can't even remember a person among friends, relatives, students, teachers, colleagues etc... who has this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that even if there are regions where the r is not rolled (some evidence here would be welcome) does not invalidate this truth: that not being able to roll the r in the same way as the rest of the population is a rare phenomenon and of course considered a speech impediment, which can most of the times be corrected by a logopedist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please also note that rolling the r is not exclusive to Spanish. Other languages, such as Russian, Polish and German as spoken in Bavaria, roll the r in (nearly) the same way. The same that we are discussing here applies to those languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="2213" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2013-12-25T08:37:55.820" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T08:37:55.820" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2902" CreationDate="2012-10-02T06:37:00.430" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio, son nombres de variables que se usan solamente con sus términos en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que escribió el artículo en castellano sobre &quot;Foo&quot; en la Wikipedia, da un ejemplo de cómo podría ser en español el equivalente, con nombres como &lt;em&gt;fulano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mengano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;citano&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en realidad podríamos decir que no, no hay equivalente a &lt;em&gt;foo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;foobar&lt;/em&gt;... en español, por lo menos nadie ha dicho esta boca es mía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá lo más equivalente sería el &lt;code&gt;pruebaXX&lt;/code&gt; donde XX es un número. Al menos yo he visto mucho programador en España que en vez de usar el &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; para lo que se usa, se dedica a usar el &lt;code&gt;prueba01&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;prueba02&lt;/code&gt;... en sustitución, y debo admitir que incluso yo lo he hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este tipo de variables suele usarse solo en códigos de pruebas, en los que el concepto de la variable queda desvirtuado y no significa nada, cosa que no pasa con &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt;, que siempre intenta demostrar un concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado: Entre @JoulSauron y yo estamos llegando a la conclusión final, que no existiría traducción posible para el conjunto de palabras &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;bar&lt;/code&gt; para designar nombres a variables metasintácticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T08:16:38.517" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:16:38.517" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2905" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2906" CreationDate="2012-10-02T08:57:51.037" Score="5" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;So there's an infamous coffee shop in Santiago which goes by the name &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_con_piernas&quot;&gt;Café con piernas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everywhere I've seen, including the Wikipedia article linked above, it's translated as &quot;coffee with legs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/international/7758379/You-want-legs-with-that&quot;&gt;recent article on stuff.co.nz&lt;/a&gt; translated it in the image caption as &quot;the cafe with legs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first impression is that they've just made a silly error and seen cafe and gone &quot;I know that word&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, literal translation for &quot;the cafe&quot; is of course, &quot;el cafe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine in this case then, it's a case of several translations being 'right' but that the intended one, the one with the play on words (coffee with legs implying it gets you running etc), would be &quot;coffee with legs&quot;, unless I'm missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T04:09:16.663" Title="Coffee with legs / The cafe with legs" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2905" CreationDate="2012-10-02T13:04:12.413" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, it depends on how you take the meaning of &quot;café&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the same word is used to mean two different things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Café (1): The famous, dark, hot drink. That would be translated as coffee in English.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Café (2): The place where you go to order and drink coffee. In English that could be translated as a coffee-shop, a cafeteria, a cafe, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could interpret the meaning as (1) &quot;coffee with legs&quot; if you think about the situation of having a coffee while enjoying the panorama of the waitresses' legs, or (2) as &quot;the cafe with legs&quot; if you think about the specific place (as in &quot;the Hard Rock cafe&quot;). Both interpretations are possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I agree that the original intended meaning is most probably &quot;café con piernas/coffee with legs&quot;, as &quot;the funny product&quot; they are offering, in addition to the classic &quot;café con leche/coffe with milk&quot;, &quot;café con hielo/iced coffee&quot;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T13:04:12.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2905" CreationDate="2012-10-02T13:32:00.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right, the translation is &quot;coffee with legs&quot;, no article. From my point of view (Spanish native-speaker and English learner), I would say it's just naturalising to a sentence instead of literally translating it. Thus, I would say it's the journalistic way of explaining what it means or what it's about, like in many other articles in many languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T13:32:00.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2842" CreationDate="2012-10-02T15:31:28.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason for that change has nothing to do with adjectives or with the ending &quot;-ísimo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The writing change of your example is because of the /k/ + vowel sound that goes afterwards (&quot;rico&quot; is pronounced &quot;/riko/&quot;). The writing is different depending on the vowel following the /k/ sound. &quot;e&quot; and &quot;i&quot; are exceptions when they are following a consonant in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion (and this is how we learned it at school when we were kids) it is much better to think in sound groups that have exceptions in writing and learn them by heart, rather than thinking that &quot;you have to change the writing to maintain the sound&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the example you asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/k/: ca, que, qui, co, cu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Examples: Casa, quemar, quitar, comer, curar, are all pronounced the same (/kasa, kemar, kitar, komer, kurar/). In your case both are also pronounced the same (/riko-&gt;rikisimo/) but the orthography rule for /k/ + vowel makes the writing different: rico-&gt;riquísimo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this also happens with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/z/: za, ce, ci, zo, zu (as it sounds in Spanish from Spain, like the &quot;th&quot; in &quot;think&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Example: /zeniza/-&gt;ceniza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/g/: ga, gue, gui, go, gu -&gt; Gato, guerra, guiño, gorro, gubia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/g+u/: gua, güe, güi, guo -&gt; Agua, desagüe, pingüino, antiguo. (Guu does not exist).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, two ways coexist, depending on the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/j/: ja, ge/je, gi/ji, jo, ju&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Examples: Gema, jeroglífico. Girar, jirafa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is indeed extremely weird and confusing for children and for non-native speakers/writers. It has no logical explanation other than tradition, but that's how it is and it should be learned by heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn and practice those exceptions and you will automatize them quickly. There is no other way. This is what we did at school and believe me, it was for a reason. It's difficult, agreed, but there are not so many exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of the consonant+vowel sound combinations and say them aloud /ka, ke, ki, ko, ku/ while you write them down &quot;ca, que, qui, co, cu&quot;. Say /ga, ge, gi, go, gu/ and write down &quot;ga, gue, gui, go, gu&quot;. Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll see how your Spanish improves really quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry too much about the je/ge, ji/gi thing. Most Spanish make mistakes when writing words with /j/ + e,i sound combinations. What you really need to know though is that ge, gi always sound /je, ji/ (very important for reading aloud).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand to which extent this is weird and arbitrary, some oral languages that were written using Spanish orthography (e.g. Basque) recently got rid of all these exceptions/inconsistencies and simplified the writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this is quite recent (a few decades), the official and modern way of writing these consonant+vowel sound combinations in Basque is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/k/: ka, ke, ki, ko, ku&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/z/: za, ze, zi, zo, zu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/g/: ga, ge, gi, go, gu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/j/: ja, je, ji, jo, ju&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an interesting example, the traditional &quot;Guipúzcoa&quot; has become &quot;Gipuzkoa&quot; in modern Basque ortography.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2012-10-02T16:44:02.687" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T16:44:02.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2012-10-02T16:31:50.143" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just a matter of regionalisms or variations of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of Spain &quot;acá&quot; is very rarely used (I can only think of the (somehow rural/regional) expression &quot;ven p'acá&quot; = &quot;ven aquí&quot;). If you use &quot;acá&quot; in Spain people will of course understand you but immediately identify you with South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vivo por aquí&quot; is exactly the way we say &quot;I live around here&quot; in Spain. Not only is it perfectly valid and is heard everyday in Spain, it is also much more frequent in Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Vivo%20por%20aqu%C3%AD%22&amp;amp;oq=%22Vivo%20por%20aqu%C3%AD%22&quot;&gt;Vivo por aquí&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: 1.640.000 results.&#xA;  &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Vivo%20por%20ac%C3%A1%22&quot;&gt;Vivo por acá&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: 327.000 results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T16:31:50.143" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2703" CreationDate="2012-10-02T19:54:43.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there is no &quot;passive se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have introduced, there are mainly two uses for &quot;se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In reflexive verbs, like &quot;ducharse&quot;, &quot;se&quot; is a particle that adds to the verb and simply means the receptor of the action: &quot;myself&quot;, &quot;yourself&quot;, etc. This is the same idea of any verb that uses an indirect object particle for a person (telling who receives the action).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da la pelota, te doy la pelota, le doy la pelota, nos da la pelota, os damos la pelota, les damos la pelota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in the case of reflexive verbs, the third person changes and &quot;se&quot; is used in the third person (both singular and plural) instead of the corresponding &quot;le&quot; or &quot;les&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ducharse: Yo me ducho, tú te duchas, él &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; ducha, nosotros nos duchamos, vosotros os ducháis, ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; duchan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you speak German, also a Germanic language like English, this case applies exactly in the same way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;sich&lt;/strong&gt; duschen&quot;: ich dusche mich, du duschest dich, er duscht &lt;strong&gt;sich&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another use of &quot;se&quot; is also to introduce a general/impersonal statement (but that is not passive in Spanish). It can be used with any verb and it's conjugated in the third person singular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; recomienda no entrar&quot; (entering is not recommended) &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; sabe que fue él&quot; (it's known that it was him).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess your doubt is the following: can a reflexive verb (which uses the &quot;se&quot; particle) be combined with the impersonal &quot;se&quot; (what you call &quot;the passive se&quot;) in the same sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes. Perfectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Se recomienda ducharse primero&quot; (taking a shower first is recommended). &quot;Se recomienda darse crema&quot; (using sunscreen is recommended).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2012-10-02T20:26:50.970" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T20:26:50.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1942" CreationDate="2012-10-03T11:19:17.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Camínalo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  rompe el cajón,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  saca los &lt;strong&gt;cueros&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  camínalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://faustolupera.blogspot.com.es/2012/04/los-cueros-al-sol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sacar los cueros&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es una expresión parecida a la castellana &quot;tirar de la manta&quot;, &quot;airear los trapos sucios&quot;, o &quot;sacar a la luz&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La canción habla de libertad y de la corrupción política, etc. Esa expresión tiene mucho sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T11:19:17.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2012-10-03T12:29:34.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish from Spain, &amp;quot;¿qué te cuentas?&amp;quot; is generally used as a greeting and/or invitation to talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a greeting, you can simply reply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por aquí andamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in this kind of greetings the use of the plural conjugation (&amp;quot;we&amp;quot;) is very common (don't ask me why).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really wanna talk, you generally introduce your talk by telling what you are doing / why you are there, like in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí estoy, de compras/de paseo/whatever you are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues mira, aquí me pillas de compras/de paseo/whatever you are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respect to ¿qué me cuentas? o ¿qué me estás contando?, it is generally used as a reply to express your surprise about something. Very similar to &amp;quot;really?/are you serious?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me acabo de divorciar y me dice que está embarazada  / We just got divorced and she tells me she is pregnant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡¿Qué me cuentas?! / Are you serious?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T13:48:44.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2919" CreationDate="2012-10-03T16:25:05.703" Score="8" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that they both mean &quot;tools.&quot; But could they be references to different &lt;em&gt;types&lt;/em&gt; of tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la differencia entre &quot;herramientas&quot; y &quot;útiles?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi entendimiento es que ambos significan lo mismo (&quot;tools)&quot;. Pero, ¿pueden ser referencias a tipos de &quot;tools&quot; distintos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-25T15:18:12.947" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T20:40:49.810" Title="What is the difference between &quot;herramientas&quot; and &quot;útiles?&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-10-03T17:14:55.117" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I come from (Mexico) &quot;útiles&quot; always refers to school supplies as in &quot;útiles escolares&quot; and &quot;herramientas&quot; to tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know if the term &quot;útiles&quot; is used differently in any other country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T17:14:55.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2703" CreationDate="2012-10-03T17:48:12.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm posting a new answer since I misunderstood and needed some more room than a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the detailed answer, although I was really wondering not whether they can be combined in a single sentence (using two verbs), but in a single impersonal/reflexive verb (like the &amp;quot;How does one shave?&amp;quot; example I gave in comments above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you use an auxiliary verb &amp;quot;do&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;How does one shave?&amp;quot;, but in Spanish you don't. There is only one verb in the sentence &amp;quot;¿Cómo se &lt;strong&gt;afeita&lt;/strong&gt; uno?&amp;quot;. We could get in an deep debate about where that &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; comes from, but I think it's safe and easy to just assume it's a fixed impersonal particle. Thinking it is a verb does not help and confuses more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is therefore just the &amp;quot;impersonal se&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about how you ask impersonal &amp;quot;how to&amp;quot; questions with &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se... conduce un coche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se... estudia un idioma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just a fixed formula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A small break here that hope clarifies the thing about &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; in reflexive verbs, which is not so special after all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a general sentence we have a subject + verb (action) + direct object (what) + indirect object (receiver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo + doy + una manzana + a María&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I + give + an Apple + to Mary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you know, you can substitute both direct and indirect object for pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I + give + it + to her&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which in Spanish can be tricky because not only is the order of the sentence altered but there is also an exception. This is the case of the indirect object &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; (to him / to her) that changes to &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; when both a direct and indirect object pronouns are present in the same sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you only use a pronoun for the indirect object, you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo + doy + la manzana + a ella&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo + &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; + doy + la manzana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you use both pronouns, instead of the logical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo + le + la + doy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is incorrect, &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; is changed to avoid the le-la &amp;quot;cacophony&amp;quot; (bad sound):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo + &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; + la + doy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where the infamous third person &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; for the indirect object comes from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reflexive verbs are not so special after all. It just happens that the receiver of the action (indirect object) is the same as the performer (subject), so logically speaking they are simply a normal verb with an indirect object pronoun sticked to them to mark that they can be applied to oneself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ducharse&amp;quot; is just a special case of &amp;quot;duchar&amp;quot; (you can &amp;quot;duchar a alguien&amp;quot; / shower somebody). Ducharse just means that this verb can be applied to oneself, and the one who's being showered is the same as &amp;quot;the showerer&amp;quot; :):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo ducho a mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu duchas a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él ducha a él. By the way... who is &amp;quot;él&amp;quot;? &amp;quot;Él&amp;quot; himself, or &amp;quot;él&amp;quot; another other guy???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that sounds weird so we just use reflexive pronouns (which as you see have a lot to do with indirect object personal pronouns), that in the third person is &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; to clarify that te showering is to oneself, not to a third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me ducho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu te duchas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El se ducha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now, back to the original answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember the general impersonal form of asking &amp;quot;how to&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se... conduce un coche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why should reflexive verbs be special? We just say &amp;quot;uno&amp;quot; (meaning &amp;quot;un hombre&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;uno a sí mismo&amp;quot;) just like in English you say &amp;quot;oneself&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se... afeita uno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's referred specifically to a girl, then &amp;quot;una&amp;quot; is generally used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se... maquilla una?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pfew. Hope it's clear now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to make clear where the &amp;quot;reflexive se&amp;quot; comes from and what the relation is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T20:15:37.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-10-03T18:32:32.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish from Spain, tools are &quot;herramientas&quot;, and &quot;útiles&quot; is seldom used as a noun. Only very rarely as a substitute for (kitchen) utensils (&quot;útiles de cocina&quot;) or fishing gear (&quot;útiles de pesca&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2012-10-03T22:47:01.300" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T22:47:01.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-10-03T23:51:25.377" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Herramientas&quot; are tools you use to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Útiles&quot; could mean school suppplies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;útil&quot;, which is the singular for &quot;útiles&quot;, is an adjective that means useful. Remember that in Spanish you are able to pluralize adjectives, so depending on the context could also mean useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1033" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T23:51:25.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-10-04T09:54:21.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que la diferencia entre &quot;herramientas&quot; y &quot;útiles&quot; es como la diferencia entre &quot;tools&quot; y &quot;utensils&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T09:54:21.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-10-04T10:36:25.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the RAE dictionary, the definition for &quot;útil&quot; sends you to &quot;utensilio&quot; as an &quot;herramienta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we can say &quot;útil&quot; and &quot;herramienta&quot; are the same, as the definition for &quot;útil&quot; includes the entrance &quot;Herramienta o instrumento de un oficio o arte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not the only definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside this definition, an &quot;útil&quot; refers to two more definitions from the military world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this information we can say that &quot;útil&quot; meaning will vary depending the context of the text, if we are speaking about something like a tool, &quot;útil&quot; is the same as an &quot;herramienta&quot; so, in some way you can change between these two words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to know what to put in a text in Spanish. Is just practice, here in Spain, we refer to &quot;herramienta&quot; when we are speaking about something like a hammer some &quot;heavy&quot; tool, but when we speak about some tool more &quot;light&quot; as a knife to prepare fish almost always we will use &quot;útil&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm adding here the two urls from the RAE dictionary in the Internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/%C3%BAtil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/%C3%BAtil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/herramienta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/herramienta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T10:36:25.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2922" CreationDate="2012-10-04T14:17:27.300" Score="5" ViewCount="54236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión común aquí en México es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a ojo de buen cubero&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¿Cuantas personas crees que hay en esta conferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: A ojo de buen cubero unas 500 personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cúal es su significado? ¿Por qué el uso de la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cubero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cubero&lt;/a&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2019-07-18T17:56:04.703" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2920" CreationDate="2012-10-04T14:39:08.580" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se refiere a que cuando le preguntas a alguien un dato y la otra persona no lo sabe y tiene que hacer un cálculo aproximado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuántos kilómetros faltan para llegar?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No lo se.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A ojo de buen cubero / Ahí más o menos calcúlale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar en otros contextos, por ejemplo en la cocina cuando la receta dice 235 gramos de algún ingrediente y no tienes báscula pues agregas el ingrediente &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot; es decir más o menos calculando los 235 gramos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://erasmusv.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/a-ojo-de-buen-cubero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; encontré este blog que explica más a detalle el origen de esta expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una cuba era una cubeta que se usaba para guardar líquidos y el cubero&#xA;  era el artesano que fabricaba cubas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al hacerlo de manera artesanal, sin usar instrumentos para medir o&#xA;  máquinas especiales &quot;a ojo&quot; tenía que hacer que todas las cubas fueran&#xA;  del mismo tamaño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba seguro que esa expresión era de origen mexicano, pero al leer el blog me doy cuenta que su origen es español. Todos aprendemos algo todos los días :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="693" LastEditDate="2012-10-04T21:27:56.563" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T21:27:56.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2905" CreationDate="2012-10-04T16:45:18.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You guys are right. It literally means &quot;coffee with legs&quot;, but is not the right interpretation. As I live in Chile (not Santiago, but this therm is widely used here), I can tell your interpretations are almost right. A &quot;coffee with legs&quot; is a place where you can drink a nice coffee, and enjoy the view of the waitresses. They dress with very tight and short clothes and serve you the coffee. It's actually THAT way. On some places they even place some mirrors behind them and up on the ceiling so you can have a better look. In fact, you only go there to look at the girls. The coffee barely matters at all. Is not a place to have a different/exotic coffee, they usually just have capuccino. I hope this clear things up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1034" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T16:45:18.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2920" CreationDate="2012-10-04T20:41:07.563" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot; significa: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Aproximadamente, al tanteo; pero con bastante precisión&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y proviene de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La maestría con la que los cuberos calculaban &quot;sin matemática alguna&quot;&#xA;  el número de duelas para cerrar la circunferencia. Por eso, no hay&#xA;  siempre las mismas (en una barrica entre 28 y 32) ni tienen la misma&#xA;  anchura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/diario/2010/11/21/domingo/1290315156_850215.html&quot;&gt;Ojo, queda un buen cubero&lt;/a&gt;&quot; - Artículo de &quot;El País&quot; (periódico español)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T20:41:07.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-10-05T10:23:56.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre otras cosas, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/puesto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puesto&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; en español significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adj. Bien vestido, ataviado o arreglado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo, sin ninguna duda, que es esta la acepción a la que se refiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar bien vestido o arreglado se asocia de manera figurada con &lt;strong&gt;estar preparado para algo&lt;/strong&gt;. Arreglado para salir de casa, bien vestido para dar una conferencia, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &amp;quot;doble juego&amp;quot; de palabras, la &amp;quot;gracia&amp;quot; del asunto consiste en comparar dos acepciones diferentes de la misma palabra (puesto), una para cosas y otra para personas que no tienen por qué significar lo mismo. Un calcetín está puesto (colocado), igual que una persona está puesta (preparada) de manera figurada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es exactamente el mismo caso que la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy más colgado que una percha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Estar más puesto que un calcetín&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;Estar listo y tener ganas de hacerlo ahora o en cuanto el otro esté listo&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés sería algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm (completely) ready (and looking forward) to do it. (So let's begin whenever you're ready!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción encaja perfectamente y da completo sentido al ejemplo que se ha puesto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando gustes, amigo. Estoy más puesta que un calcetín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;= Cuando gustes, amigo. Yo estoy lista, ¡podemos empezar cuando quieras!.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-05T10:47:22.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2012-10-05T15:52:26.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just adding a humor note to this thread. This is a popular &quot;trabalenguas&quot;, that forces the R rolling to its limits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro de San Roque no tiene rabo&#xA;  porque Ramón Ramírez se lo ha cortado.&#xA;  El perro de Ramón Ramírez no tiene rabo&#xA;  porque se lo han robado.&#xA;  ¿Quién le ha robado el rabo al perro&#xA;  de San Roque?&#xA;  ¿Ramón Ramírez ha robado el rabo&#xA;  del perro de San Roque?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1035" LastActivityDate="2012-10-05T15:52:26.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2012-10-06T12:15:42.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other similar expressions with a similar meanings are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Todo bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué se cuenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo andas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There isn't a single &quot;appropriate&quot; way to answer them, I'm a Spanish native speaker and I usually use different answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Todo tranquilo, ¿y vos/tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Nada, estudiando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Bien de bien, ¿y vos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you are asking which of them is better to pick most of the times, I would say that maybe the best is answering with a very short story of what you have done or you are doing in that very moment, For example if you are studying, say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy estudiando, ¿y vos/tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you can talk about anything else or ask how is the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:16:01.073" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:16:01.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2805" CreationDate="2012-10-06T14:33:58.000" Score="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;The english equivalents would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Already&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Aún&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Yet&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Still&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; he comprado el pan&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;I have &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; bought the bread.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; no he comprado el pan&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;still&lt;/strong&gt; haven't bought the bread.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aún&lt;/strong&gt; no he comprado el pan&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;I haven't bought the bread &lt;strong&gt;yet&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aún&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;also&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;even&lt;/em&gt; (With a &lt;strong&gt;meaning of time&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aún&lt;/strong&gt; cuando había pagado, el señor no me dejó ir&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even&lt;/strong&gt; when I had paid, the man didn't let me go.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aun&lt;/em&gt; is written &lt;strong&gt;without accent when it doesn't mean &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No tengo tanto dinero, ¡ni &lt;strong&gt;aun&lt;/strong&gt; la mitad!&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;I don't have that much money, not &lt;strong&gt;even&lt;/strong&gt; half of it!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1038" LastEditorUserId="1038" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T16:36:40.567" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T16:36:40.567" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2933" CreationDate="2012-10-08T13:38:35.587" Score="20" ViewCount="1708" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado que varias veces, mi empleo del español en conversación es afectado por el llamado &quot;ustedeo&quot;.  Afecta mis relaciones con gente que acabo de conocer, porque muchas personas piensan que deseo comunicar formalidad y distancia cuando no es así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no sé de dónde viene mi tendencia hacia &lt;em&gt;ustedeo&lt;/em&gt;.  Aprendí el español de niño en Sudamérica, pero es un segundo idioma.  Hasta hace poco atribuía mi costumbre al hecho de que mis mayores me enseñaron a tratar a los adultos siempre de &quot;usted&quot;.  Y como no pasé los años de mi adolescencia en comunidades de habla española, no cambié de costumbre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero acabo de leer el artículo llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_bogotano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Español bogotano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en Wikipedia, donde aprendí la palabra &quot;ustedeo&quot;.  Se me occurre que posiblemente la gente de Medellín me enseñó el ustedeo.  Así que quiero saber más acerca de quiénes son los más afectados por el ustedeo, así como si hay otros que emplean el &quot;tú&quot; con demasiada frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T02:49:04.033" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T22:11:54.830" Title="¿Quiénes son los más afectados por el ustedeo?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2931" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-09T03:24:35.970" Score="5" ViewCount="5395" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I translate the concept of a &quot;guilt trip&quot; into Spanish?  The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/guilt+trip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; provides this definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;guilt trip&lt;br&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;n. Informal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A usually prolonged feeling of guilt or culpability.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Idiom:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lay a guilt trip on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To make or try to make (someone) feel guilty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest I can come up with, would be a more literal translation of the concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't lay a guilt trip on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me hagas sentir culpable.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this loses some of the English meaning--a guilt trip is usually making one feel guilty &lt;em&gt;unjustly&lt;/em&gt;.  The Spanish translation above could just as easily apply to someone who truly is guilty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more idiomatic way of saying this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-10-09T04:14:00.803" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T15:04:05.357" Title="Translation of &quot;guilt trip&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-10-09T06:31:42.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that there is no other translation in Spanish for &quot;guilt trip&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As other expressions in Spanish vs. English maybe there is a cultural difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for example with &quot;face problems&quot; in English would be translated in Spanish to &quot;encarar problemas&quot; but this is not correct, because in Spanish we use &quot;atravesar problemas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the definition of &quot;guilt trip&quot;, &quot;hacer sentir culpable&quot; would be, the translations that best suits the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T06:31:42.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2012-10-09T07:14:26.480" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los españoles percibimos que los sudamericanos abusan del &quot;usted&quot; incluso en situaciones de poca formalidad. Supongo que tienen la costumbre de usarlo más a menudo. Como otros comentan, incluso en algunas regiones se usa el &quot;vos&quot;, no usado para nada en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España el &quot;usted&quot; se usa en situaciones de mucha formalidad y en primeros encuentros laborales/formales. Sin embargo en cualquier otro contexto es considerado un abuso de formalidad y el tuteo se considera correcto casi desde el primer momento en relaciones laborales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1043" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T07:14:26.480" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-09T08:05:02.913" Score="7" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the brass Conquistadores Stirrups sold in eBay probably are simple and cheap imitates, even if they have been created as worn out shoes with lots of repairs. I remember the stirrup shoes my mother acquired around 1960 in Caracas, Venezuela were also worn out and repaired. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The puzzling thing however was an decorative inscription “KOS” which may have identified the owner or the troops of the stirrups. In the web some similar “KOS”-pairs of shoes marked KOS, but no explanation is given for the inscription.&#xA;&quot;KOS Conquistador&quot; is also referred to a song “Procol Harum – Conquistador”, but no explanation is being given. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish “K”-words are rather seldom. The only words that start with the letter K in Spanish are borrowed words like kilometer, kilowatt, kilogram and kiosk. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why this question is posted in the forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click for a sample at:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/pair-antique-kos-conquistador-brass-shoe-stirrups&quot;&gt;http://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/pair-antique-kos-conquistador-brass-shoe-stirrups&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1044" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T07:07:54.817" Title="What is the meaning of the word KOS in the conquestadores stirrup shoe?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2012-10-09T09:49:20.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diría que en España se utiliza únicamente en situaciones de mucha formalidad (una entrevista de trabajo, por ejemplo) o para mostrar respeto, como cuando se habla con personas mayores, se pregunta a un desconocido por una dirección, o una conversación telefónica con una persona desconocida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario en Sudamérica se utiliza por defecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T09:49:20.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-10-09T09:50:59.643" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &lt;em&gt;&quot;me remuerde la conciencia&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but it hasn't exactly the same implications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="620" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T09:50:59.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-10-09T20:29:15.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps &quot;No me culpabilices&quot; or even &quot;No trates de culpabilizarme&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1047" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T20:29:15.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-10-10T13:30:24.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right. &quot;No me hagas sentir culpable&quot; does not discriminate between being really guilty and unjustly guilty very precisely. It just means &quot;don't make me feel guilty&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, there is this really interesting idiomatic expression that's probably what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Colgar el Sambenito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; A mí no me cuelgues el sambenito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Sambenito (from &quot;San Benito&quot; - Saint Benedict) was a penitential garment that heretics had to wear in public during the Inquisition. It was an &lt;strong&gt;actual&lt;/strong&gt; guilt trip. Nowadays, the figurative meaning of &quot;colgar el sambenito a alguien&quot; always implies that &lt;strong&gt;the guilt is unjust&lt;/strong&gt; (you have been dressed with the garment without any justification). In its strongest meaning, and when intended to make the other culprit in public, it means something with similar connotations to &quot;don't assign me a scapegoat role&quot;. However, the meaning is always related to &quot;outside&quot;, to &quot;the public opinion&quot;, not to your &quot;inside&quot; feelings. I am not sure if this is exactly the same meaning as a &quot;guilt trip&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanbenito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; (English) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicienciapopular.blogspot.com.es/2008/03/colgar-el-sambenito.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in this page&lt;/a&gt; (Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'd say this expression is becoming less and less frequent due to the diminishing interest and knowledge in religion and its related jargon (in most of Spain). In Spain, all people over 30-40 will understand you perfectly. I am not so sure how known this idiom among youngsters is...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2012-10-31T10:32:12.820" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T10:32:12.820" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2944" CreationDate="2012-10-11T00:55:41.723" Score="7" ViewCount="51542" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are two related phrases that I haven't found an idiomatic Spanish translation for: &quot;to check in (on someone)&quot; and &quot;to follow up (with someone).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of what I mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I send someone an email and don't hear back for several days. In the second email, I might say something like &quot;I'm just checking in to see what you thought about (whatever I asked in the first email)&quot; or &quot;I just wanted to follow up on the email I sent last week.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A friend is sick and we haven't talked for a few days, so I call and say, &quot;I just wanted to check in on how you are doing.&quot; He might then call the doctor and say, &quot;I'm following up to see if the test results are in.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These might all be slightly different concepts, but they all seem related to the idea of talking to someone a second time, referencing a conversation/correspondence in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a word or phrase in Spanish that has the same range of meaning as these English phrases? If not, what would be the most natural way in Spanish to express the sentences in the examples above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T19:49:22.157" Title="Translation of &quot;checking in&quot; and &quot;following up&quot; (on/with someone)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2942" CreationDate="2012-10-11T04:10:42.833" Score="4" ViewCount="431" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is pretty much in the title.  If I have the verb lavarse, I know to make the imperative I use lávate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what to do with a verb like afeitarse?  Is it afeitate? My spellcheck thinks not.  But then where should the accent go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="853" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:18:07.537" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:18:07.537" Title="Second person singluar imperative of a reflexive verb ending in a diphthong" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2941" CreationDate="2012-10-11T06:40:01.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we say &quot;aféitate&quot;, but in places where voseo is used they say &quot;afeitate&quot; (stress in the second &quot;a&quot;, but &lt;strike&gt;I'm not sure if it has graphical accent&lt;/strike&gt; without written accent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-11T08:43:15.200" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T08:43:15.200" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-11T11:56:32.390" Score="7" ViewCount="611" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como resultado de una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2931/translation-of-guilt-trip&quot;&gt;pregunta anterior&lt;/a&gt; relacionada con el concepto de culpabilidad (guilt trip), surgió la expresión (frecuente en España) &quot;&lt;strong&gt;colgar el sambenito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que significa &quot;culpar a alguien injustificadamente&quot; y tiene un &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicienciapopular.blogspot.com.es/2008/03/colgar-el-sambenito.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interesante origen histórico&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es frecuente la expresión &quot;colgar el sambenito a alguien&quot; en otros países de habla hispana? ¿Tiene el mismo significado que en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T13:58:54.347" Title="¿En qué países se utiliza la expresión &quot;colgar el sambenito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2939" CreationDate="2012-10-11T15:03:19.637" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well you are asking for translations of two expressions here, I will address them separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &amp;quot;To follow up&amp;quot; you could use &amp;quot;Darle seguimiento&amp;quot;. In my experience it is more common in working environments but it does work on any other context. Using your own examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to follow up on the email I sent last week.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Solo quería darle seguimiento al correo que te envié la semana pasada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm following up to see if the test results are in.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Le estoy dando seguimiento para ver si ya llegaron los resultados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &amp;quot;To check in on someone&amp;quot; I do not think there is an idiomatic expression in Spanish for that. Some people commonly say &amp;quot;Querer ver&amp;quot;. Again using your own examples you could say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm just checking in to see what you thought about ...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Sólo quería ver que opinas acerca de ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to check in on how you are doing.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Sólo quería ver como sigues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T15:03:19.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2943" CreationDate="2012-10-11T15:31:20.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hablandodepalabras.wordpress.com/2012/02/16/colgar-el-sambenito-origen-y-significados/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Este&lt;/a&gt; es un blog en wordpress por lo que su contenido habría que tomarlo con un granito de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el mismo no en todos los países de habla hispana se utiliza esta expresión como tal, pero existen equivalentes, como ejemplos menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cargarle el muerto/muertito. - Se que se usa en México y el blog&#xA;  menciona que se usa también en España y Cuba.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Comerse un garrón. - Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahora es todo lo que he podido encontrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T15:31:20.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2953" CreationDate="2012-10-14T02:43:32.017" Score="3" ViewCount="2218" Body="&lt;p&gt;El lema principal del gobierno actual de Nicaragua es: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elpueblopresidente.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Pueblo Presidente!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. ¿Qué significa eso exactamente? ¿Hay un &quot;es&quot; tácito (diciendo que el pueblo &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; presidente)? ¿O se usa &lt;em&gt;presidente&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo (diciendo lo mismo)? ¿O falta una coma, y le está exclamando &quot;El Pueblo&quot; &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; presidente? ¿O algo más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2012-10-14T04:37:51.653" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T20:18:35.603" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;El Pueblo Presidente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2947" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2949" CreationDate="2012-10-14T03:11:12.620" Score="5" ViewCount="2534" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm very much new to Spanish. I'm seeing exclamation and question marks are being placed on both the places, at the start and at the end of the sentence &lt;em&gt;(the one at the start is upside down to the English one)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why there are punctuation at start?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it important? Can't last one be enough?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is even there?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="999" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T06:33:48.123" Title="Is it important to place question and exclamation marks at the start of sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-12-13T03:33:56.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-10-14T04:14:30.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Punctuation in the form of &lt;em&gt;¡&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;?&lt;/em&gt; is the proper way to let the reader take tone and mood into their interpretation of the sentence, since it is clear at the very beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Important yes, if you merely place the last one, what would be an exclamative sentence would not be as evident until the end.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your concern is that it seems redundant, I should say it is very useful, especially in exclamative sentences. :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1057" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-15T13:54:38.017" LastActivityDate="2012-10-15T13:54:38.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-10-14T10:13:23.757" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intonation is different in English and Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's consider questions first.  In English, the intonation of a declaration and a sentence are identical until you get to the last few words.  At that point, the intonation rises for a question, and falls for a declaration.  The question mark at the end of a sentence is sufficient to warn the person reading out loud to raise the intonation at the right time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a particular form of questions in English that illustrate this intonation nicely.  It's the form where a declaration has a negative question tacked on to the end of it.  Example:  &quot;You went to the movies yesterday, didn't you?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the intonation of a question can be different than it is for a declaration right from the beginning of the sentence.  There could be a rise in intonation at the point of the main verb, with a lot of subordinate clauses to go before the end.  In addition, two sentences that use excatly the same words can be a question in one case and a declaration in the other case.  The only difference is the intonation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:  &quot;¿Fuiste al cine ayer?&quot; The first word of this sentence has to be intoned in the way that marks a question.  The example isn't long enough to illustrate the problem, but you get the idea.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A person reading Spanish out loud needs to know that the sentence is a question right from the outset.  Otherwise the intonation won't come out right, and the people listening to what is being read will not understand that it's a question.  The upside down question mark meets this need.  It's a need that doesn't exist in English, at least to the same degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The upside down exclamation mark is analogous, but I can't think of an exclamation that's long enough so that the final exclamation mark wouldn't do the job.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2012-10-14T10:18:49.707" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T10:18:49.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2946" CreationDate="2012-10-14T13:49:58.817" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que te estás complicando demasiado, puesto que la palabra &quot;presidente&quot; sólo puede acompañar al sujeto como adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, esta frase significa que es &quot;el pueblo&quot; el que preside, es decir, el que gobierna y es depositario del poder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1058" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-10-18T20:18:35.603" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T20:18:35.603" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2943" CreationDate="2012-10-14T13:58:54.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Colgar el sambenito&quot; o &quot;cargarle el muerto&quot; a alguien son expresiones relativamente habituales en España y que resultan muy poco frecuentes en otros países de habla hispana, donde han prevalecido otras que o bien se encuentran en desuso en Europa o son fruto de la adaptación procedente de otras lenguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1058" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T13:58:54.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-10-14T19:07:20.703" Score="10" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why there are punctuation at start?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just a convention established in 1754 by the Spanish Academy of Language. More &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signo_de_puntuaci%C3%B3n#Signos_de_interrogaci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;info&lt;/a&gt; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it important? Can't last one be enough?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not important. It's absolutely mandatory in Spanish. Sometimes you will find only the last especially on the Internet, when texting, chatting, etc... but that's considered incorrect/vulgar Spanish. You won't find any newspaper article, book, etc... with that incorrect way of writing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is even there?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said before, just a convention started in 1754 that still remains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T19:07:20.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2946" CreationDate="2012-10-14T21:19:43.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa construcción es común para expresar consignas de reivindicación, victoria, etc... y son habituales en manifestaciones, elecciones, deportes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Zapatero presidente!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Rajoy dimisión!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Olano ganador!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cuba libre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡El pueblo presidente!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, el verbo se omite. En el caso que comentas, podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pueblo (es) presidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pueblo (debe ser) presidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Queremos que) el pueblo (sea) presidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O un significado similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-15T09:59:56.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2012-10-14T21:26:45.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vos se usa en castellano clásico y equivale a &quot;tú&quot;. &quot;Vos sois inteligente&quot; significa &quot;tú eres inteligente&quot;, &quot;vosotros&quot; es el plural y equivale a &quot;ustedes&quot; y si se usa mucho en España, Argentina, Bolivia y donde existe el idioma castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1060" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-15T07:54:31.977" LastActivityDate="2012-10-15T07:54:31.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2956" CreationDate="2012-10-15T19:17:29.983" Score="12" ViewCount="6790" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very much a beginner when it comes to learning Spanish. I have turned my language settings for Facebook from English to Spanish so that I see the language regularly and I have noticed that the statement &quot;You and 5 others liked this&quot; is translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ti y 5 otras personas más le gusta esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have been taught that &quot;a&quot; usually means &quot;to&quot; and I know that &quot;ti&quot; means &quot;you&quot; so why is the &quot;a&quot; in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="877" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T01:36:39.550" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T01:36:39.550" Title="Why &quot;a ti&quot; and not just &quot;ti&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2955" CreationDate="2012-10-15T19:49:26.157" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, you like something. &lt;em&gt;You&lt;/em&gt; is the subject, and &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; is the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in Spanish, the &amp;quot;thing being liked&amp;quot; is the subject and therefore the verb &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; is conjugated according to the thing being liked, pretty much like the verb &amp;quot;belong&amp;quot; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This belongs to me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the rationale is roughly (although incorrect):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esto gusta a mí -&amp;gt; Esto me gusta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellas gustan a mí -&amp;gt; Ellas me gustan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full correct expression is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gustar algo a alguien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A mí me gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A ti te gusta algo / A usted le gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A él/ella le gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A nosotros/nosotras nos gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A vosotros/vosotras os gusta algo / A ustedes les gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A ellos/ellas les gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens in German too that the thing being liked is the subject and the one who likes it is the (indirect) object (Mir = to me, dativ):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Das gefällt mir = Mir gefällt das&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &amp;quot;a mí = me&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;a ti = te&amp;quot;, etc... Yes, they are completely redundant, but that's how the expression is, and &amp;quot;a mi, a ti, etc...&amp;quot; are generally omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful with the Facebook sentence, though. It's incorrect probably because the one in charge of the translation algorithm didn't know proper Spanish and faced exactly the same problem you are describing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the correct sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You and 5 others like that -&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;A ti y a 5 personas más os/les gusta esto&lt;/strong&gt; (os/les depending on regional differences for the plural of &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please also note that &amp;quot;ti&amp;quot; is never, ever used without a preposition before. It's always &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;A ti&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;por ti&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de ti&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T08:44:37.057" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2957" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2959" CreationDate="2012-10-16T19:17:25.437" Score="5" ViewCount="409" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El día de ayer estuve discutiendo con un amigo sobre como llamar a las comidas que estan fritas. ¿Llamas al pollo &amp;quot;frito&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pollo está &lt;strong&gt;frito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pollo está &lt;strong&gt;freido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi, &amp;quot;frito&amp;quot; es la forma correcta pero según Google Translate &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot; es una traducción poco común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UkZbE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda mi vida he estado seguro de que el adjetivo &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot; ni siquiera existía hasta ahora. ¿Es correcto usar &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot;? No suena correcto desde mi punto de vista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yesterday I was arguing with a friend about how fried food should be called.  You call a fried chicken &amp;quot;frito&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot;?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pollo está &lt;strong&gt;frito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pollo está &lt;strong&gt;freido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, &amp;quot;frito&amp;quot; was the way to go but according to Google Translate &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot; it's a rare translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UkZbE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My whole life I've been pretty sure that the adjective &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot; didn't even exist until now. Is it okay to use &amp;quot;freido&amp;quot;? It just doesn't sound correct to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-21T16:28:18.813" Title="Adjective for fried food" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2957" CreationDate="2012-10-16T19:33:17.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am actually shocked but according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/freir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; it seems that &quot;freído&quot; is actually accepted. (To see it, click on the link for the definition and then the &quot;conj&quot; button to see its conjugation. At the top in the middle is the &quot;Participio&quot; and both forms are displayed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a short &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bing.com/search?setmkt=en-US&amp;amp;q=fre%C3%ADr%20fre%C3%ADdo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google search and a few hits in Yahoo answers&lt;/a&gt; and other language forums it seems that there are three verbs that accept a double Past Participle (since these sites are not official, take it with a grain of salt):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Imprimir: imprimido/impreso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Proveer: proveído/provisto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Freír: freído/frito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I am concerned &quot;frito&quot; is the way to go, especially since it is the way I know most people say it so, even though &quot;freído&quot; is apparently correct, it is very likely that you will get &quot;odd faces&quot; if you say it like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T19:33:17.100" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2957" CreationDate="2012-10-16T20:36:10.000" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener cuidado en no confundir el &lt;em&gt;adjetivo&lt;/em&gt; con el &lt;em&gt;participio pasivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo de las &lt;em&gt;frituras&lt;/em&gt; (que es como se le denomina genéricamente a las cosas que han sido freídas) podemos construir una frase que contenga ambos elementos, haciendo uso de la oración dada en la pregunta original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pollo está &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt; después de haber sido &lt;em&gt;freído&lt;/em&gt; en aceite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La primera palabra (&lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt;) es un adjetivo, que corresponde al atributo en la oración copulativa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La segunda palabra (&lt;em&gt;freído&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; es un participio pasivo, como parte de la voz pasiva que complementa a la oración principal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando es adjetivo, solamente podemos usar &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, cuando es participio pasivo, podemos usar tanto &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;freído&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Ojo, que tal como dice @SergioRomero, la segunda palabra también puede ser &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-17T19:52:14.673" LastActivityDate="2012-10-17T19:52:14.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-16T23:03:59.643" Score="4" ViewCount="666" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can somebody tell me why &quot;saber&quot; and &quot;caber&quot; have identical conjugations (aside from the &lt;em&gt;c → qu&lt;/em&gt; spelling change to maintain the hard &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; sound in &quot;caber&quot;)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There must be a historical etymological reason for this, but I can't see what it is, as the two words seem completely unrelated? Do we know what their latin root(s) is(are)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Alguien me puede explicar por qué los verbos &quot;saber&quot; y &quot;caber&quot; tienen la misma conjugación?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me sorprende que &quot;saber&quot; sea irregular, que es un verbo muy común, y en todo idioma los verbos más comunes suelen ser irregulares. Pero no veo por qué el verbo &quot;caber&quot; sigue su conjugación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene que haber alguna causa histórica y etimológica de eso. ¿Cuáles son las raíces latinas de estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T09:28:42.703" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T12:56:22.833" Title="Etymology of &quot;caber&quot;: why does it share conjugation with &quot;saber&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2960" CreationDate="2012-10-17T10:10:51.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy un experto en lingüística pero creo recordar que hay muchas formas del latín que sufrieron modificaciones del castellano, entre ellas el cambio de &quot;p&quot; por &quot;b&quot;, y de terminaciones como las que mencionas &quot;-pere&quot;-&gt;&quot;-ber&quot;. De hecho en italiano, saber todavía se dice &quot;sapere&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de ambas palabras se resuelve con una consulta al &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saber: (Del lat. sapĕre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caber: (Del lat. capĕre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas verbales son iguales, por lo que es normal que ambos tengan la misma conjugación (o casi) y mantengan la &quot;p&quot; en parte de las conjugaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-17T10:10:51.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2962" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2968" CreationDate="2012-10-17T17:20:28.080" Score="4" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard a women described as &quot;una estafa&quot; in Spanish (from Spain) and my translation is roughly &quot;a fraud&quot;.   So, beyond being a fraud, does the speaker mean anything else in regards to her deceptiveness, her sneakiness, her personality, or motivation?  I am just trying to gauge whether the comment was made as an observation or more strongly as a criticism.  Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="425" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T03:05:29.467" Title="Better translation of the word 'estafa&quot; in reference to a female" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2962" CreationDate="2012-10-17T20:54:13.250" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that when you refer to a person, male or female, as &quot;una estafa&quot; is merely because you think that person is not how you think he/she was in the first place or how that person was described to you initially. I believe this kind of talking refers to criticism regarding personality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind that this doesn't mean, IMO, that the person is a scammer or a con man / woman. In that case you would use &quot;es un(a) estafador(a)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="334" LastEditDate="2012-10-17T21:02:20.447" LastActivityDate="2012-10-17T21:02:20.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2965" CreationDate="2012-10-19T15:30:38.840" Score="17" ViewCount="11659" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días mientras me encontraba cambiando de canal en la televisión por cable, escuche una conversación de una película estadounidense doblada al español. Dos personas estaban en un bar conversando. La parte de interés de la conversación es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mujer: ¿Cuándo llegaste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hombre: Antier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que para referirse al día antes de ayer se usa normalmente &amp;quot;anteayer&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;antes de ayer&amp;quot;. Quisiera saber si &amp;quot;antier&amp;quot; es algún tipo de jerga local o si es aceptada para referirse al día antes de ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú, no he escuchado a ninguna persona utilizar este término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:10:58.600" Title="&quot;Antier&quot; para expresar el día anterior a ayer" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2964" CreationDate="2012-10-19T15:49:05.623" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, señala a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/antier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;antier&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como la forma coloquial de anteayer, es decir es exactamente lo mismo, pero en un contexto muchísimo más informal. Es decir, sí estás en lo cierto es jerga, pero del Español como idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=t0758ziWh2x5OaUnh50&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este link&lt;/a&gt;, que me han pasado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2964/antier-para-expresar-el-d%c3%ada-anterior-a-ayer#comment4864_2965&quot;&gt;un comentario&lt;/a&gt;, me comentan que en la revisión de la palabra, ya no es coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-23T10:10:58.600" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:10:58.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2863" CreationDate="2012-10-20T02:06:42.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trainees and Interns can still get paid, even if its a stipend. However, a &quot;Volunteer&quot; does not get paid, although reimbursement for expenses, meals, lodging, transportation, clothing, supplies and other fringe benefits can be provided. If your intent is to use a &quot;Scholarship Holder&quot; (also knows as a &quot;Grantee&quot;, &quot;Recipient&quot; or &quot;Beneficiary&quot;) who has been assigned a school project to gain experience (also known as an &quot;Internship&quot;) at a business, hospital, legal practice, etc.,  then the word &quot;Intern&quot; applies.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T02:06:42.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2962" CreationDate="2012-10-20T02:23:34.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context you are defining this woman as a &quot;Deceiver&quot; (Engañadora, Farsante o Truquera, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T23:45:05.923" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T23:45:05.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2939" CreationDate="2012-10-20T02:30:16.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguimiento, Revisar, Confirmar, Verificar, Cotejar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="807" LastEditDate="2012-10-23T22:36:57.700" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T22:36:57.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-10-20T02:31:51.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cargo de conciencia&quot; is used in Spanish as &quot;guilt trip&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T20:03:22.547" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T20:03:22.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2964" CreationDate="2012-10-20T17:34:01.413" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Antier&quot; es una forma popular -substándar- de &quot;anteayer&quot;. Mis abuelos -de pueblo- lo decían, y en el pueblo de Castilla de donde eran, hay gente mayor que todavía lo dice. Usarlo denota poca escolarización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1047" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T17:34:01.413" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2964" CreationDate="2012-10-21T02:23:23.437" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;antier&quot; es de uso común aquí en México para referirse al día antes de ayer. De hecho jamás he escuchado a alguien decir &quot;anteayer&quot; aquí. El uso de &quot;antier&quot; en México lo confirma la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=anteayer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; según la siguiente cita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;anteayer. ‘En el día anterior a ayer’. También puede usarse la&#xA;  locución antes de ayer; pero la grafía anteayer es la preferida en el&#xA;  uso por su brevedad. La variante antier, más cercana al étimo latino&#xA;  (lat. ante heri), &lt;strong&gt;es de uso corriente en algunos países de América,&#xA;  sobre todo en México y el área centroamericana,&lt;/strong&gt; aunque en España no&#xA;  pertenece a la norma culta y solo se emplea en el habla rural o&#xA;  popular: «La dependiente me preguntó qué me había parecido el mantón&#xA;  de Manila que antier me había comprado el general» (Mastretta Vida&#xA;  [Méx. 1990]). Deben evitarse las formas antiayer y antiyer, ajenas a&#xA;  la norma culta en todo el ámbito hispánico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T14:42:45.043" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T14:42:45.043" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2957" CreationDate="2012-10-21T16:28:18.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &quot;freido&quot; is valid, it is rarely used. &quot;frito&quot; is generally accepted by the majority of the Spanish-speaking population. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-10-21T16:28:18.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="854" CreationDate="2012-10-21T16:28:20.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De nada&lt;/em&gt; is usually used as a polite answer after &lt;em&gt;Gracias&lt;/em&gt;. On the other side &lt;em&gt;Por nada&lt;/em&gt; is used when you were working on something and you didn't have a result, so you were working for nothing. In my opinion, &lt;em&gt;Por nada&lt;/em&gt; would be then impolite answer after &lt;em&gt;Gracias&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, direct translate of the phrases would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De nada = You're welcome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por nada = For nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1079" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T21:45:00.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2012-10-22T07:11:23.557" Score="16" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TÚ&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;Se usa con amigos, con todos los parientes (puede haber excepciones) y en situaciones &lt;strong&gt;informales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VOS&lt;/strong&gt;: Solo se usa en ciertas partes de Latinoamérica, principalmente en Argentina, Uruguay, Guatemala y algunas otras partes de Centroamérica y Sudamérica (Chile, Colombia, partes de Bolivia). Todo el mundo sabe hablar de &quot;tú&quot;, pero no todo el mundo sabe hablar de &quot;vos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;USTED&lt;/strong&gt;: Se usa con personas en situaciones &lt;strong&gt;formales&lt;/strong&gt;: desconocidos, con gente mayor/ancianos, con personas con un título, Dr. o Dra., profesor(a), &quot;señor(a), señorita&quot;, don o doña, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VOSOTROS&lt;/strong&gt;: Solamente se usa en España (excepto Canarias y Andalucía oriental). Se usa en situaciones informales, es el plural de &quot;tú&quot;. En España solo se usa &quot;ustedes&quot; como plural de &quot;usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se usa &lt;em&gt;VOSOTROS&lt;/em&gt; en Latinoamérica; se usa &quot;tú&quot; o &quot;vos&quot; para el singular informal; y &quot;ustedes&quot; para el plural formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se usa &lt;em&gt;VOS&lt;/em&gt; en España; se usa tú (singular) y vosotros (plural) para situaciones informales. Son más dispuestos en España a usar &quot;tú&quot; en situaciones en las que un latinoamericano quizá usaría &quot;usted&quot;. (En partes de Sudamérica, principalmente en Colombia, pero también en lugares en Venezuela donde el uso de usted reemplace &quot;tú&quot; completamente. Este fenómeno se llama &quot;ustedeo&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=voseo&quot;&gt;Voseo dialectal americano&lt;/a&gt;) es una forma única y especial; viene del pronombre arcaico vos (voseo reverencial) que antes se usaba para decir &quot;tú&quot; y &quot;vosotros&quot; que se conjugaba igualmente para los dos (No había otra manera de distinguir). Ej.: &quot;Vos tenéis&quot; significaba tanto &quot;tú tienes&quot; como &quot;vosotros tenéis&quot;, dependía del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, la forma de vos (voseo dialectal americano) tiene conjugaciones diferentes. Antes era &quot;tenéis&quot; y ahora es &quot;tenés&quot;, &quot;habláis&quot;, &quot;hablás&quot;, &quot;sois&quot;, &quot;sos&quot; etc., pero depende del país. En Chile y otros lugares se conjuga diferente a aproxima más al antiguo voseo reverencial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1081" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-24T07:36:51.770" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T07:36:51.770" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2012-10-23T05:40:13.080" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish learners are often taken aback, not surprisingly, by the use of vos or &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;voseo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; amongst Spanish speakers because we don't really learn about it in school in the U.S. because our neighbors in México don't really use it much except in a few areas down in Chiapas and Tabasco (*). We Spanish learners are so comfortable with &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot; and can recognize and use usted, but vos can seem like even more of a foreign language, as does it even to some native Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So then, when traveling we hear people using &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot; and we realize, &amp;quot;hey, this isn't what I learned in School!!!&amp;quot; (Learning about voseo for me was as surprising as the day my teacher introduced the subjunctive in high school.) &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡¿Qué?!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a really great article and very thorough chart from la &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; that really helped me to better understand voseo and where and how it is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=voseo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;FORMAS DEL VOSEO VERBAL POR PAÍSES&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some of the interesting tidbits the page touches on about voseo en different parts of Latin America:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En Bolivia, Se usa el tuteo en el habla culta. El voseo es propio de hablantes de zonas rurales y de las clases populares urbanas&amp;quot; (*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua y Costa Rica, el voseo es un fenómeno general en todas las clases sociales&amp;quot;(*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En Chile el voseo es un fenómeno general en el habla familiar y coloquial, sobre todo entre los jóvenes, mientras que en los registros formales se tutea&amp;quot; (*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El Perú es un país tuteante, aunque en el norte y en el sur —zonas limítrofes con áreas de voseo— el uso de tú coexiste con el de vos&amp;quot; (*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En la Argentina, el Paraguay y el Uruguay las formas de voseo son aceptadas sin reserva por todas las clases sociales&amp;quot; (*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=voseo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=voseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1081" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T13:51:38.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2670" CreationDate="2012-10-23T07:58:56.730" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any vowel (á, é, í, ó, ú) can have an accent mark placed over it, but it must follow the rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Spanish learner must learn about how to properly divide words into syllables, understand the concept of a diphthong and a hiatus, know the weak vowels and strong vowels, and how to actually pronounce the words in question in order to properly add accent marks in the right place. Lastly, the learner should memorize the following rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are rules for predictable pronunciation of written words in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; If a word ends in the letters &lt;strong&gt;n, s, or a vowel (a,e,i,o,u)&lt;/strong&gt;, it is pronounced stressing the second-to-the-last syllable or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;penultimate syllable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: ta/co, pe/rro, co/che, es/bel/to, com/pu/ta/dor/a— all of these words are pronounced with the audible stress on the penultimate or second-to-the-last syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; If a word ends in &lt;strong&gt;any other letter&lt;/strong&gt; (b, c, &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;, f, g, h, j, k, &lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;, m, p, q, &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;, t, v, w, x, &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) [The bold letters are the most common ones], it is pronounced stressing the last syllable or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ultimate syllable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: Hab/lar, au/daz, vi/rrey, ta/mal, cui/dad, re/loj, Na/ya/rit, al/co/hol—all of these words are pronounced with the audible stress on the ultimate or last syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; If the actual pronunciation of a word does not follow rules 1 and 2 like it should, a written accent mark is placed above the vowel in the syllable where the stress is heard (like a punishment, a scarlet letter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: árbol, hablé, comí, inglés, alemán, carbón, oír, freír— none of the words follow the rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: all words that have an audible stress in the third-to-the-last syllable or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antepenultimate syllable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, or beyond that point, will receive an accent mark above the vowel in the syllable in which the stress is heard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: có/mi/co, ma/te/má/ti/cas, Que/ré/ta/ro, lin/güís/ti/ca, fe/nó/me/no— all of these words have accent marks because of the stress being in third-to-the-last syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;WEAK VOWELS&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;i, u&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;STRONG VOWELS&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;a, e, o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we combine two weak vowels, or a weak vowel with a strong vowel, we get a &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diphthong&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; which is an inseparable sound&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: iu, ui, ai, au, ei, eu, oi, ou, ia, ie, io, ua, ue, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; **&lt;strong&gt;—HEY! just like in the word búho!!!&lt;/strong&gt; (the stress will be heard in the strong vowel of the diphthong)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we combine two strong vowels, the two sounds separate into just that, two separate sounds or a &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hiatus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: aa, ae, ao, ea, ee, eo, oa, oe, oo —these are all two separate sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now, let's take a look at the words &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alcohol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;búho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which both have a &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;silent &amp;quot;h&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; between the vowels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alcohol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ends in an &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, so the stress is on the last syllable, it follows the rules, so it doesn't get an accent mark. (Also in the word we hear the oo hiatus sound as though the h weren't even there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;búho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ends in an &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, so the stress should fall on the second to the last syllable, (it appears to follow the rules because the &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;silent h&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tricks us.) but we must take into account the tricky silent h and the diphthong created by the &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; next to one another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's analyze the diphthong &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; as though the &amp;quot;h&amp;quot; were missing, because it essentially is. The &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is weak, and the &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is strong. So which one would be hear the stress on? ––On the &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; by itself, without an accent mark, is pronounced like &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;/buó/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, whereas we know it should be &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;/búo/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and that is why &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;búho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has an accent mark above the &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;u&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following article from la Real Academia Española is very helpful for learning accent rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/dpd/tilde#Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tilde&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1081" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-09-04T21:28:51.683" LastActivityDate="2020-09-04T21:28:51.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2962" CreationDate="2012-10-24T06:42:04.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For what you are saying, I would think more in something like a &quot;fake person&quot; in the sense that some one who is not who he pretends to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend you to call them &quot;farsantes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1072" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T06:42:04.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2960" CreationDate="2012-10-24T17:19:33.817" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todo verbo en español se clasifica en una de tres familias, basado en como termina la forma del verbo en su forma infinitiva, -AR, -ER e -IR. Apartando los verbos irregulares (precisamente por su definición de irregular), los verbos en cada familia tienen conjugaciones  similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familia -AR: Amar, Alabar, Desarmar, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familia -ER: Comer, Beber, Romper, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familia -IR: Vivir, Escribir, Evadir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1068" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T17:19:33.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2986" CreationDate="2012-10-25T10:30:17.267" Score="17" ViewCount="17845" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México y América Central los extranjerismos más recientes suelen pronunciarse de acuerdo a las reglas del idioma original, o más comúnmente aproximaciones o deformaciones de estas acercando la pronunciación de los fonemas &lt;em&gt;extraños&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por extranjerismos más recientes me refiero a palabras, usualmente relacionadas con la moda, cine, medicina, computación, etc., que son de uso común pero aún no han sido incorporadas al diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre incluso con palabras que han sido ya oficialmente incorporadas al español, por citar un ejemplo, la palabra garaje —de &lt;em&gt;garage&lt;/em&gt;— en mi país natal suele pronunciarse &lt;em&gt;garash&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que en España se pronuncia tal como se escribe: garaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre también con siglas, por ejemplo, DVD, mientras en España se pronuncia De-uVe-De, en mi país suele pronunciarse Di-Vi-Di.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-07-18T12:35:52.867" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T03:00:37.577" Title="¿Por qué razón en España suelen pronunciar los extranjerismos de acuerdo a las reglas del español y no a las reglas del idioma original?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2982" CreationDate="2012-10-25T14:07:49.280" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las razones que se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España estuvo prácticamente aislada del mundo durante la dictadura, hasta los años 1980.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A España Estados Unidos y su poder/influencia le ha quedado muy lejos hasta hace muy poco. En Europa, Francia, Alemania, etcétera han tenido el mismo peso o más que Inglaterra y por proximidad, Francia ha tenido mucha más influencia. De hecho, hasta hace pocas décadas se enseñaba francés como segunda lengua en los colegios, no inglés. Los extranjerismos prestados del francés, por tanto, se han adoptado mucho mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todas las películas, series de televisión, dibujos animados, etcétera... han estado siempre dobladas al castellano, y actualmente a las lenguas autonómicas en muchas regiones (catalán, vasco/euskera, etc). Incluso los títulos de películas, etcétera, se han cambiado a castellano. La gente prácticamente no ha tenido oportunidad de escuchar cómo se pronuncia el inglés hasta hace muy poco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ha existido siempre, y todavía se conserva, una especie de &quot;patriotismo&quot; igual que ocurre en otras ex-potencias mundiales como Inglaterra o Francia. La antigua dictadura que acabó en 1975 favoreció el &quot;espíritu patriótico español&quot;, donde conservar el idioma y no aceptar extranjerismos siempre se ha considerado fundamental. Esto todavía persiste en cierta forma, pero se ha añadido que también con otras lenguas (catalán, euskera, etc) y sus gobiernos nacionalistas se ha comenzado a hacer lo mismo. En Euskadi, toner (de impresora) se ha convertido por ejemplo a &quot;tonerra&quot; en euskera, y así con otras muchas palabras, para que os hagáis una idea de hasta qué punto se le da importancia al lenguaje y la no adopción de extranjerismos en España, como sinónimo de &quot;identidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inglaterra y USA han sido enemigos históricos de España, y todavía existe cierta reticencia hacia ellos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La casta política en España, la misma que hace los planes educativos y dirige los medios y televisiones, ha sido siempre bastante inculta, gregaria, y cerrada. Ninguno de nuestros últimos presidentes de gobierno sabe inglés y todos utilizan traducción simultánea en Europa. &quot;Defender lo nuestro&quot; y &quot;sospechar del de fuera&quot; siempre ha dado muy buen resultado electoral. Tanto a nivel de España frente a Europa y el mundo, como en sus propias regiones, cada vez triunfa más el nacionalismo/regionalismo, que incluye poner la lengua &quot;propia&quot; como símbolo nacional. En Cataluña y el País Vasco, por ejemplo, en la escuela se estudia en catalán y euskera, respectivamente, y el castellano se estudia como segunda lengua en la mayor parte de los casos. En el senado de España se ha puesto un sistema de traducción simultánea para que los políticos puedan hablar en catalán, euskera, etcétera. Los políticos españoles sencillamente se han vuelto locos y son actualmente el hazmerreir de Europa con el tema de las lenguas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En general, en España se han impulsado muy poco los idiomas que no sean los locales en el sistema educativo (castellano, euskera, catalán...) y la gente no sabe hablarlos. Se ha considerado que somos tan buenos (nostalgia de un imperio que ya no existe, o de uno que se quiere construir en el caso de los nacionalismos regionales) que se cree que son los demás los que van a venir y deberían aprender los nuestros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el caso de DVD y otros, las siglas en España siempre se han leído y se siguen leyendo en castellano, vengan del idioma que vengan. Por el tema del patriotismo que digo, y porque no gustan los extranjerismos, actualmente hemos llegado a la curiosa situación de que CD-ROM oficialmente se puede escribir (y la RAE recomienda que así se haga) &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cederr%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cederrón&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sea por lo que sea, siempre se ha considerado un &quot;listillo&quot; y se ha machacado (por envidia) a quien habla y pronuncia bien un idioma. La gente no se esfuerza por aprender a pronunciar, porque en España los idiomas no se valoran, y los que saben hasta casi se avergüenzan de hablarlo bien en presentaciones, etcétera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mucha de la gente abierta, conocedora de idiomas, etcétera... se ha acabado marchando de España a buscarse un futuro en otros países europeos con mejores oportunidades laborales o donde se reconozca su valor o mérito. Porque, insisto, en España saber idiomas (extranjeros) no se valora y hasta se ve con envidia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T14:58:02.870" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2955" CreationDate="2012-10-25T14:41:47.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because of a rather unusual construction involving &quot;gusto,&quot; a &quot;passive&quot; verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rough translation of &quot;gusto&quot; is something like &quot;is likeable.&quot; There is no exactly equivalent translation in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then a rough translation of &quot;A ti y 5 otras personas más le gusta esto.&quot; is &quot;To you and five others, it is likeable.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The requirement of &quot;a (ti)&quot; comes from the &quot;to you&quot; part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es a causa de aa construccion usando  &quot;gusto&quot; un verbo &quot;passivo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traduccion crudo de &quot;gusto&quot; es mas o menos &quot;is likeable.&quot; No hay ninguna traduccion equivalenta en ingles&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces es una traduccion crudo de &quot;A ti y 5 otras personas más le gusta esto,&quot; &quot;To you and five others, it is likeable.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El requiremiento de &quot;a (ti)&quot; viene de la parte &quot;to you.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T14:41:47.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2982" CreationDate="2012-10-25T14:52:50.140" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que yo tengo entendido, los extranjerismos, específicamente los anglicismos que es de lo que estamos hablando, son palabras de lenguas extranjeras llevadas al ámbito de uso del idioma local, es decir, que el idioma se ha apropiado del término llevándolo a su terreno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se traduce en, muchas veces, un cambio en la escritura de la palabra, y en la gran mayoría (hablamos de casi el 100%), en un cambio en su pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos esto sobre todo en las palabras de nueva aceptación, porque es lo que más cerca nos toca, pero no nos olvidemos que también hay extranjerismos que se adoptaron hace mucho, y que hoy en día usamos día a día, que se pronuncian diferente al original, de los que no nos damos cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En la Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;, la definición de extranjerismo incluye las siguientes líneas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...Puede mantener su grafía y pronunciación original, en cuyo caso se&#xA;  lo llama propiamente barbarismo, o puede adaptarse a la lengua que lo&#xA;  acoge...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí te dejo la url del original, para que puedas leer el contenido completo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranjerismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Extranjerismo en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que quizá tu pregunta es más a la par de lo que es un barbarismo que es una forma de extranjerismo que mantiene su grafía y pronunciación original (como dice la wikipedia en las líneas que he puesto encima).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDICIÓN:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaro que para los ejemplos específicos mostrados en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Garaje en España se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;garaje&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;garash&lt;/em&gt;, porque es un extranjerismo adaptado al idioma de destino, tanto en grafía como en pronunciación, probablemente creado en base a la emigración por la época de cosecha de la uva en Francia, mucha gente subía, y bajaba mezclando galicismos con el español, finalmente la RAE incluiría la palabra como la trajeron esas personas, &lt;em&gt;garaje&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;garash&lt;/em&gt;. Además, si nos ceñimos a su origen, deberíamos usar la pronunciación francesa, que creo que tiene una r gutural, que los hablantes de habla hispana (por lo general) son incapaces de pronunciar (sin mucho entrenamiento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre DVD, al ser siglas, simplemente leemos las letras, que son DVD (&lt;em&gt;de uve de&lt;/em&gt;). DVD no es una palabra en sí, sino un conjunto de siglas, aunque las palabras que componen DVD sean inglesas, las letras que crean el acrónimo, en principio se pronuncian como en el idioma en el que se hablan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que también hace mucho algo comentado en una de las respuestas, que la cultura idiomática de nuestro país es tirando a baja, y por lo tanto, mucha gente habla como lee (vamos, Google no es &lt;em&gt;guuguel&lt;/em&gt;, es &lt;em&gt;google&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho recuerdo una anécdota de un profesor de una universidad de Madrid, que me contó mi padre, nombre del cual no me acuerdo, pero si me viene a la cabeza os informaré, en el que estaba dando una clase sobre literatura inglesa, y pronuncio Shakespeare como &lt;em&gt;xaquespeare&lt;/em&gt; lo que provoco grandes risas entre los alumnos. &#xA;Alegando que las cosas extranjeras en español se pronuncian como en español, el día siguiente llegó a clase y se dedicó a dar la clase entera en perfecto inglés, para dejar contentos a sus estudiantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en muchos casos opiniones las hay para todos los gustos: hay quien piensa que deberíamos pronunciar todos los extranjerismos como en español, hay quien piensa que deberíamos poner la pronunciación extranjera, pero al final quien acaba poniendo una pronunciación a una cosa u otra es el pueblo, la mayoría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que ahora pueda ayudar a despejar las dudas que ha generado mi respuesta inicial, que parecía muy difusa sin las razones de porque los extranjerismos (algunos) han sido adoptados en nuestra pronunciación y no la original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T13:45:29.033" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T13:45:29.033" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2989" CreationDate="2012-10-26T22:54:47.883" Score="12" ViewCount="15270" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say &amp;quot;by the way&amp;quot; in Spanish, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, what's your name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, where do you live now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I met Javier the other day ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate shows  &lt;strong&gt;a propósito&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;de paso&lt;/strong&gt;. Is any of the two more formal than the other or are there regional differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also saw another question mentioning one possible translation is &lt;strong&gt;por cierto&lt;/strong&gt;, but it doesn't mention &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;de paso&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, so is &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;de paso&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; really an expression to be used or did Google mis-translate the context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1075" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T19:06:21.527" Title="&quot;a propósito&quot; vs &quot;de paso&quot; to say &quot;by the way&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2988" CreationDate="2012-10-27T04:45:49.123" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;em&gt;from Spain&lt;/em&gt;, you would use either &lt;strong&gt;a propósito&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;por cierto&lt;/strong&gt; in all of those sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;em&gt;personally&lt;/em&gt; use the former for sentences where there is some kind of trigger for the sentence introduced with the expression (the previous sentence is related), and the latter  when there is no trigger at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where I come from, we often answer a question with another question. &lt;em&gt;By the way&lt;/em&gt;, where are you from?&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De donde vengo, solemos contestar a una pregunta con otra pregunta. &lt;em&gt;A propósito&lt;/em&gt;, ¿tú de dónde eres?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I’m having a great time with you. &lt;em&gt;By the way&lt;/em&gt;, where are you from?&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me lo estoy pasando muy bien contigo. &lt;em&gt;Por cierto&lt;/em&gt;, ¿de dónde eres?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;em&gt;por cierto&lt;/em&gt; feels to me like the right choice when the sentence introduced is not a question, like the third one you wrote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;strong&gt;de paso&lt;/strong&gt;, it is usually used to translate something like &lt;em&gt;while  are at it&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could you please take out the trash? And &lt;em&gt;while you are at it&lt;/em&gt;, see if we got any mail, please.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedes sacar la basura y mirar &lt;em&gt;de paso&lt;/em&gt; si tenemos correo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastEditorUserId="1095" LastEditDate="2012-10-27T04:52:10.553" LastActivityDate="2012-10-27T04:52:10.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2988" CreationDate="2012-10-27T05:11:58.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is a very good question since it is not even easy for me to answer it. But I guess I'm in the correct way, so, here we go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A propósito&lt;/em&gt;: You use it when something comes up in your mind and it's related with the topic you were talking about. Example: &quot;&lt;em&gt;...y Laura ya se mejoró de su enfermedad. A propósito, ¿cómo está tu madre? ¿Se mejoró también?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por cierto&lt;/em&gt;: I would say that it is almost the same than the first one. In my personal opinion and this a really hair-splitting observation, &quot;&lt;em&gt;por cierto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be only used with ordinary things that come up to your mind, in more common situations of everyday life, for example: &quot;&lt;em&gt;[...] Por cierto, ¿tienes más cigarrillos?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;a propósito&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be used for both: ordinary context and formal context.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De paso&lt;/em&gt;: This one means something like to take advantage of the context or situation to do something. for example: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Fui a la casa de Manuel y de paso regué las plantas de su jardín.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-10-28T12:38:25.647" LastActivityDate="2012-10-28T12:38:25.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2012-10-29T00:03:05.617" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are different statements. The difference is very subtle but they are not the same. However, people will use them today interchangeably. &#xA;Felicidades is more general, familiar and is use for occasions like during a celebration, birthday, new year's eve.&#xA;Felicitaciones is more commonly use when someone gives you good news. For example: I got a new job, I will get married. It is more formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1097" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T00:03:05.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2982" CreationDate="2012-10-29T15:08:03.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Garaje&amp;quot; no es precisamente una palabra incorporada recientemente al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi sensación es que en esos países cercanos a EEUU están muy influenciados por este país y toman muchos anglicismos. Están tan acostumbrado a ello que no les importa mucho hacerlo tampoco de otros idiomas. Conozco a gente de allí y es común oír cosas como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es muy cool (pronunciándo cool como &amp;quot;cul&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso tiene un gran handicap (pronunciado handicap como en inglés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España la gente no usaría &amp;quot;cool&amp;quot; porque ya existen términos existentes como &amp;quot;guay&amp;quot;. La segunda frase la he oído a veces en España, aunque el término handicap, aunque está aceptado por la RAE, no es de uso tan común y la gente suele usar más ejemplo desventaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente en España he notado últimamente una tendencia a usar términos extranjeros en su pronunciación original a diferencia del pasado que no se usaban demasiado. Hay gente incluso que piensa que utilizando estos términos la gente creerá que tienes mayores conocimientos y sobre todo por televisión son usados más frecuentemente por personas de clase social alta. Algo así como que estos términos extranjeros dieran caché a las personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado hay que tener en cuenta que hay una amplia mayoría en España que no habla ningún idioma además del español. Están acostumbrados a la forma de leer las palabras en castellano y al ver las grafías extranjeras las usarán según las leen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T15:08:03.143" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2994" CreationDate="2012-10-29T16:14:24.490" Score="7" ViewCount="6101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read about &lt;strong&gt;unsanded grout&lt;/strong&gt; in a DIY blog and want to buy it. But I don't know how to translate that to spanish. What is it called in Spanish or Castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="416" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:39:03.247" Title="&quot;Unsanded Grout&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2012-10-29T16:34:28.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know in Mexico, &quot;grout&quot; is called &quot;yeso&quot;. I have heard that in some countries, don't ask me which ones, it is also called &quot;lechada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the &quot;unsanded&quot; part, honestly I have no idea what that means. At best I can only infer that since sand means &quot;arena&quot; maybe, big emphasis on the maybe, it means that the mixture of &quot;yeso&quot; or &quot;lechada&quot; should not contain sand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/yeso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yeso&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/lechada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lechada&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in RAE and also for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yeso&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in wikipedia but I was not lucky in trying to get more information for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T16:34:28.177" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2996" CreationDate="2012-10-29T17:44:14.380" Score="15" ViewCount="1731" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en España la palabra &quot;chorizo&quot; es coloquialmente usada para referirse a los ladrones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1099" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T09:25:25.773" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:25:25.773" Title="&quot;Chorizo&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;ladrón&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;caló&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2995" CreationDate="2012-10-29T22:22:44.837" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como otras muchas palabras vulgares que se usan en la península, &quot;chorizo&quot; para referirse a un ladrón viene del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_cal%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caló&lt;/a&gt;, la lengua de los gitanos en la Península Ibérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, la palabra del caló &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=chori&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chori&lt;/a&gt;&quot; siginifica &quot;ladrón&quot;, y con idéntico significado se ha adoptado al castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chori.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Del caló&lt;/em&gt; chori, &lt;em&gt;ladrón).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;1. m. vulg.&lt;/em&gt; Ratero, ladronzuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta palabra &quot;chori&quot;, es muy probable que por su parecido a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=8zVTkmc%7C8zXCZBX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chorizo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, se empezara a llamar también así a los ladrones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chorizo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, za.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(De&lt;/em&gt; chori, &lt;em&gt;infl. en su forma por chorizo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. m. y f. vulg.&lt;/em&gt; Ratero, descuidero, ladronzuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como apuntan en los comentarios, también se usa chorro (en el Río de la Plata) o &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=UYZ71wjBb2x58utROEn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;choro&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strike&gt;(Colombia)&lt;/strike&gt; para lo mismo, con idéntico origen. El verbo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?type=3&amp;amp;val=chorar&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chorar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significa &quot;robar&quot;. También con origen en el caló, se usa vulgarmente &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=i1NDSmcxU2x5fNuYVEu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mangar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; para &quot;robar&quot; y &quot;mangui&quot; para &quot;ladrón&quot;, generalmente de poca monta. En España al menos, generalmente el uso de términos cuyo origen está en el caló no es solo coloquial, sino incluso vulgar. Actualmente, &quot;chorizo&quot; se asocia a menudo con respecto a ladrones de tipo económico (corrupción en las esferas pública y privada, blanqueo de dinero, evasión de capitales...). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:36:00.397" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T13:15:53.333" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2012-10-31T02:47:41.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi esposa es de Perú y ella me dijo la palabra para rellenar grietas es 'masilla'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up 'masilla' and the translators online refer to it as 'putty', but it may be a regional word.  She added that 'yeso' is used to refer to the material that is used for a cast on a broken bone.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T02:47:41.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2999" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3000" CreationDate="2012-10-31T05:08:24.410" Score="15" ViewCount="3053" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Stack Overflow y la red Stack Exchange, existe el concepto de &lt;em&gt;upvote&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;downvote&lt;/em&gt;, que todos usamos diariamente para calificar las preguntas y respuestas que encontramos en los sitios de la red.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me ha resultado fácil expresar esto en español, cuándo he realizado la traducción de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://jachguate.wordpress.com/stackoverflow-en-espanol/area51-preguntas-frecuentes-faq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;preguntas frecuentes de Area51&lt;/a&gt; hace algunas semanas, y por tanto he dejado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;upvote&lt;/em&gt;: votar positivamente o voto positivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;downovote&lt;/em&gt;: votar negativamente o voto negativo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que ahora he encontrado este sitio, me gustaría saber si alguien en la comunidad tiene una mejor palabra o expresión en español para expresar el concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T13:17:12.840" LastActivityDate="2019-05-29T05:07:15.047" Title="¿Hay una mejor traducción para up-vote y down-vote que voto positivo y voto negativo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2999" CreationDate="2012-10-31T06:50:10.530" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues, yo optaría por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Votar a favor&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Votar en contra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que son expresiones más naturales, &lt;em&gt;al menos en España&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T06:50:10.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3004" CreationDate="2012-11-01T14:34:06.357" Score="3" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English translation of &quot;medida&quot; that I have is &quot;measure.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could mean &quot;measurement&quot; as in &quot;length.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or it could mean &quot;measure&quot; in the sense of &quot;means,&quot; (to an end.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these two senses does &quot;measure&quot; take? Or is it both of them? Or others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traduccion ingles de &quot;medida&quot; que yo conozco es &quot;measure.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede significa &quot;measurement&quot; como en &quot;length&quot; (largo)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puede significa &quot;measure&quot; como en &quot;means&quot; (to an end)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cuales de los dos sentidos tiene la &quot;medida&quot;? O ambos? O otros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T14:51:40.003" Title="Which &quot;sense&quot; of &quot;measure&quot; does medida refer to?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3003" CreationDate="2012-11-01T14:51:40.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una rápida busqueda en RAE para la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/medida&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;medida&lt;/a&gt; te dará toda la información que necesitas sobre ella y un uso similar es con la palabra &quot;measures&quot; en varios de esos significados aunque quizás no para todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomaremos medidas para solucionar el problema. / Tomaremos acciones&#xA;  para solucionar el problema.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te ayudaré en la medida de lo posible.&#xA;  / Te ayudaré tanto como pueda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Bebe con medida. / Bebe con&#xA;  moderación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se me ocurren más ejemplos los agregaré más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T14:51:40.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3006" CreationDate="2012-11-01T16:40:13.687" Score="6" ViewCount="494" Body="&lt;p&gt;La vicepresidenta del Gobierno de España dijo recientemente &quot;medidas irretrasables&quot; que no existe en el español. Yo encuentro como sinónimos medidas inaplazables, medidas de imposible retraso. ¿Qué otras alternativas existen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T18:19:58.790" LastActivityDate="2020-11-23T18:11:51.613" Title="Alternativas a &quot;irretrasable&quot;" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3005" CreationDate="2012-11-01T17:51:47.530" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra que primero se me ocurre es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=impostergable&quot;&gt;&quot;impostergable&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Pero hay otras palabras afines: inaplazable, urgente, perentorio, improrrogable, ineludible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T17:51:47.530" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2999" CreationDate="2012-11-05T19:51:40.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más   y   Menos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprueba  y Critica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elogia   y  Dale Caña&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T22:12:50.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3012" CreationDate="2012-11-06T17:04:14.297" Score="7" ViewCount="29041" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un presentador de televisión anunciando la casi inmediata aparición de alguna persona. Cual es modo correcto de anunciarlo:&#xA;&quot;En breve estaremos con ...&quot;&#xA;&quot;En breves momentos estaremos con ...&quot;&#xA;&quot;En breves instantes estaremos con ...&quot;&#xA;&quot;En un instante estaremos con ...&quot;&#xA;&quot;En unos instantes estaremos con ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me gusta más &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en breve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a secas, y esa opción supongo que sea correcta, pero ... ¿Las otras son correctas? ¿Se puede decir que alguna es óptima sobre las demás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2019-05-24T16:50:05.710" Title="¿En breve o en breves momentos?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3010" CreationDate="2012-11-06T17:15:56.870" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, no hay mucho que decir. Todas las opciones son exactamente igual de correctas, puedes escoger la que más te agrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T17:15:56.870" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3010" CreationDate="2012-11-06T18:25:09.207" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consultas-E-en-breves-momentos-332.html&quot;&gt;aclara al respecto&lt;/a&gt; que &quot;en breves momentos&quot; es un anglicismo y que se desaconseja su uso en favor de &quot;en breve&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del cruce de «en breve» y el anglicismo mencionado ['en una hora' en lugar de 'dentro de una hora'] surge el híbrido&#xA;  «en breves momentos» con el significado de 'dentro de unos momentos',&#xA;  'en breve', 'dentro de poco', 'muy pronto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recomendamos evitar «en breves momentos» y utilizar otra fórmula más&#xA;  adecuada [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T18:25:09.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-11-07T18:52:52.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cyt-ar.com.ar/cyt-ar/index.php/%C3%9Atiles_b%C3%A1sicos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Útiles básicos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cyt-ar.com.ar/cyt-ar/index.php/Herramienta,_instrumento,_utensilio,_%C3%BAtil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Herramienta, instrumento, utensilio, útil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay varias acepciones, incluso una que se refiere a que los útiles incluyen a las herramientas, aunque con la introducción de la terminología informática estos conceptos han cambiado mucho. En Contabilidad es común decir Utiles y Herramientas, aunque en la práctica siempre se contablizan como si fueran la misma cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T20:40:49.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2012-11-07T19:05:15.937" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo por el contrario entiendo por la frase no su disposición (aunuqe va implicito) a la tarea en si sino su habilidad para hacerlo. Estar puesto en una materia en este caso el baile, me trasmite el significado de conocer el tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T19:05:15.937" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-11-08T01:51:18.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que aquí se trata de morosidad o retraso en el pago. Me parecen justas para su uso las palabras &lt;strong&gt;mora&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;retraso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es la fecha hasta cuando está cubierto el último pago, la respuesta parece ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cubierto hasta:&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Si quieres incluso darle una terminología más adecuada a la contabilidad sería &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Abonado hasta:&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:33:11.707" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:33:11.707" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3005" CreationDate="2012-11-08T11:23:29.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi primera opción sería &lt;em&gt;inaplazable&lt;/em&gt;, también es bastante común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inaplazable&lt;/em&gt; would be my first option, it's also pretty common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="918" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T18:16:53.020" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T18:16:53.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3018" CreationDate="2012-11-08T15:55:15.717" Score="6" ViewCount="7347" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se escribe &lt;strong&gt;Gobierno&lt;/strong&gt; español o &lt;strong&gt;gobierno&lt;/strong&gt; español? La verdad, que si es Gobierno de España, estoy seguro que todo debe de escribirse con inicial mayúsculas. Pero cuando uso el gentilicio no sé si &lt;strong&gt;gobierno&lt;/strong&gt; ha de escribirse en mayúsculas o minúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-11T05:08:44.857" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T16:14:04.863" Title="¿Se escribe Gobierno español o gobierno español?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3017" CreationDate="2012-11-08T16:52:03.583" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo que a vos te interesa es lo que dice al respecto la normativa de la R. A. E. En ese caso, la respuesta es que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la palabra &lt;em&gt;gobierno&lt;/em&gt; cuando significa ‘órgano superior del poder ejecutivo de un Estado o de una comunidad política’ &lt;strong&gt;debe escribirse con mayúscula inicial&lt;/strong&gt;, y por tanto se aplica no solo cuando se refiere al órgano de un Estado soberano, sino también cuando es el de alguna de sus divisiones políticas, como regiones, comunidades autónomas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Resaltado mío.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendaciones-G-gobierno-con-inicial-mayuscula-785.html&quot;&gt;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendaciones-G-gobierno-con-inicial-mayuscula-785.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T16:52:03.583" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3020" CreationDate="2012-11-08T18:47:00.367" Score="8" ViewCount="19347" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto reemplazar &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; cuando la siguiente palabra (que comienza con &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;) esta dentro de una una aclaración entre comas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo e, inevitablemente, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro de mis pocos conocimientos técnicos, entiendo que &lt;em&gt;inevitablemente&lt;/em&gt; actúa como aclaración, y dudo si se aplica la regla tal cual y tengo que reemplazar &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; o si aplico la regla que se corresponda al caso sin la aclaración entre comas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haber logrado explicarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="308" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T09:24:47.493" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T09:24:47.493" Title="Reemplazo de Y por E seguida de coma" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-11-08T19:02:14.050" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con el riesgo de estar equivocado pues no he logrado encontrar una regla o explicación que diga lo contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea de reemplazar la &quot;y&quot; por &quot;e&quot; cuando la siguiente palabra comienza con &quot;i&quot; es para no tener dos sonidos iguales uno después del otro y que no se produzca una interrupción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En francés hay reglas similares en donde se sustituye la última vocal de la palabra por un apóstrofe cuando la siguiente palabra comienza por vocal para ligar ambas palabras y que el lenguaje sea más fluido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a esto es mi opinión, salvo que alguien encuentre una regla que indique lo contrario, que el hecho de que haya una coma entre las dos palabras &quot;y&quot; e &quot;inevitable&quot; es irrelevante y la &quot;y&quot; debe sustituirse por &quot;e&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aclaración&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con base en tu comentario, creo que ya entiendo tu confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que entiendo es que la oración original era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo y fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es que si al hacer la aclaración la oración debería de cambiar a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo e, invariablemente, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es un rotundo si. En la oración original no existe la cacofonía por lo que se usa la &quot;y&quot;, al agregar la aclaración se introduce la cacofonía por lo que la &quot;y&quot; debe cambiarse por &quot;e&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T15:27:39.730" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T15:27:39.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3021" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3022" CreationDate="2012-11-08T20:17:17.283" Score="5" ViewCount="5009" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es muy común la frase en inglés &quot;this does not make any sense&quot; para indicar que algo es ilógico o incoherente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es, es correcto decir &quot;esto no tiene sentido&quot; para indicar lo mismo, o es un mal uso del español y la frase existe como una traducción literal y por la influencia del idioma inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T02:00:56.927" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T08:21:26.497" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;esto no tiene sentido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2012-11-08T20:28:52.660" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sentido&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;En la entrada del DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, en sus acepciones 7 y 8 no habla del origen, pero sí de ese mismo significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7. &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Razón de ser, finalidad. &lt;em&gt;Su conducta carecía de sentido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8. &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Significación cabal de una proposición o cláusula. &lt;em&gt;Esta proposición no tiene sentido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del verbo sentir indica que viene del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario inglés &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sense&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merrian Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Origin of SENSE&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Middle English, from Anglo-French or Latin; Anglo-French sen, sens sensation, feeling, mechanism of perception, meaning, from Latin sensus, from sentire to perceive, feel; perhaps akin to Old High German sinnan to go, strive, Old English &lt;em&gt;sith&lt;/em&gt; journey.&#xA;First Known Use: 14th century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora habría que mirar en obras de Violante de Aragón y otros anteriores, para ver si ya se utilizaba en el español de esa época la palabra sentido. Mi opinión (especulativa) es que tienen la misma raíz latina y que el uso en español no depende del uso en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T20:39:46.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3057" CreationDate="2012-11-08T21:34:07.543" Score="2" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el fútbol para una jugada a balón parado, preparada por el equipo, ya sabiendo lo que va a hacer cada uno se dice que es una jugada de estrategia. De acuerdo a las definiciones de táctica y estrategia. A mi me parece que más sentido tiene que sea una jugada táctica. ¿Es correcto utilizar jugada de estrategia en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-11T05:17:20.410" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T13:56:15.367" Title="Jugada estratégica" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3023" CreationDate="2012-11-09T00:23:26.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La estrategia es un plan de juego predeterminado, ideado por el director técnico, mientras que las tácticas son los distintos movimientos y jugadas que tienen a su disposición los jugadores para llevar a cabo dicho plan, que no están predeterminados sino que se eligen de acuerdo a la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la estrategia puede ser &quot;formar 4-4-2, mantener posesión, llevarla por los laterales, etc.&quot;, y las distintas tácticas son &quot;pases cortitos, contraataque rápido, moverse todos juntos para forzar el offside, etc.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las jugadas de pizarrón son estratégicas porque las planea el DT antes del partido. No es algo que se les ocurre a los jugadores para realizar la estrategia; es parte de la estrategia en sí, igual que la formación 4-4-2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al margen de esto, no tiene sentido decir que el nombre de algo es incorrecto cuando es el que se usa. Si la gente llama “X” a estas jugadas, entonces “X” siempre estará correctamente utilizado para referirse a ellas, ¡porque es su nombre! Podrás o no encontrarle sentido, pero no decir que es incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T00:23:26.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2012-11-09T01:04:57.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say: &quot;esto es &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt; sentido.&quot; This is &lt;i&gt;non&lt;/i&gt;sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T08:21:26.497" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T08:21:26.497" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1301" CreationDate="2012-11-09T04:56:21.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;cerote&lt;/code&gt; is a pebble of shit, so only babies shit cerotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1120" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:38:16.840" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:38:16.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-11-09T11:41:52.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corriente hasta 1-abr-2012&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:39:03.603" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:39:03.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-11-09T14:15:16.023" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando la construcción verbal tiene una explicación entre comas, si prescindes de lo que está entre comas la oración debiera seguir teniendo sentido. En el presente caso si escribes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo e, inevitablemente, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando prescindes de la explicación la oración queda mal formada. En caso de usar la &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; antes de la explicación tambien, de manera evidente, queda mal formada la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conozco si exista alguna norma al respecto, pero mi sentido común me dice que estas construcciones deben (y pueden evitarse) En este caso tenemos formas de redactarlo y quedaría mucho mejor: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo y, sin poder evitarlo, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o también &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo y, de manera inevitable, fallé.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto explica solo para este caso aunque en general nuestra lengua tiene tantos sinónimos que evitar construir frases de una u otra forma siempre es posible. El evitar construir este tipo de frases lo veo óptimo para la forma escrita, no tanto, para la forma oral en la que decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo e, inevitablemente, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es casi imperceptible, aunque ojo, cuando dices &lt;strong&gt;*&lt;em&gt;e ine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;*vitablemente. Suena un poco mal!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra razón que se me ocurre es que, en cuanto a la sonoridad de una oración, antes de hacer una pausa (como es el caso cuando vas a decir una explicación entre comas) es que es mucho más conveniente usar un sonido débil como la &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;, que un sonido de vocal fuerte como la &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T15:04:51.077" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T15:04:51.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3031" CreationDate="2012-11-09T16:03:20.430" Score="5" ViewCount="1786" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontre el siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://elregio.com/archives/42652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; y la siguiente frase dicha por un pólitico de aquí de Monterrey:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“El eliminar&lt;/strong&gt; al 100 por ciento la tenencia nos va a afectar en todas&#xA;  estas áreas de inversión; yo creo que está bien invertido el dinero y&#xA;  está aplicado en la prioridad que está pidiendo la población… Si&#xA;  ahorita ustedes le preguntan a la gente van a decir, queremos&#xA;  seguridad, bueno, vamos a dejar de invertir en seguridad yo creo que&#xA;  sería irresponsable”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿Es correcto decir &quot;El eliminar ...&quot; que no debería ser solamente &quot;Eliminar ....&quot;?. En otras palabras, ¿es correcto decir &quot;El (&lt;strong&gt;infinitivo del verbo&lt;/strong&gt;) ....&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T17:27:03.980" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T20:05:56.340" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;El (infinitivo del verbo) ....&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3029" CreationDate="2012-11-09T18:56:35.773" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de artículo con un infinitivo nominal es de por sí correcto, como señala, por ejemplo, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consultas-A-articulo-infinitivo-2540.html&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;. Esto es porque el infinitivo nominal cumple la función de nombre y puede recibir los mismos modificadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, hay verbos (como “eliminar”) que directamente suenan mal en función nominal, y más si llevan artículo. A veces es porque resulta una cacofonía (“el-el”), otras porque se usa más el sustantivo derivado (“la eliminación”), etc... pero no hay una razón estrictamente gramatical para decir que sea incorrecto el uso del artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T18:56:35.773" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-10T16:48:12.723" Score="5" ViewCount="1078" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pronunciación me parece muy similar, y me pregunto se en la conversación normal se las pueden distinguir o si hay artificios o sinónimos que se usan para llegar a los mismos objetivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1126" LastEditorUserId="1126" LastEditDate="2012-11-18T21:03:14.517" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T09:10:24.703" Title="¿&quot;Ahí&quot; y &quot;allí&quot; son distinguibles cuando usadas en países donde se usa mayormente el yeísmo?" Tags="&lt;yeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2012-11-10T16:51:36.983" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Diccionario General de la Lengua Española Vox (the one that comes with OS X Mountain Lion):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allí&lt;/strong&gt; is used when the thing being referred to is (but not too much) &lt;strong&gt;far from both the speaker and the listener&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g. &lt;em&gt;&quot;vivo allí; ¿ves aquella polvareda que se levanta allí?; he dejado el libro allí encima.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahí&lt;/strong&gt; is used when the thing being referred to is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;far&lt;/em&gt; from the speaker&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;close&lt;/em&gt; to the listener&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g. &lt;em&gt;&quot;quédate ahí y no te muevas; desde ahí no lo podrás ver.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This distinction of speaker and listener seems to be largely overlooked in similar questions, and is correctly pointed out is this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1880/1126&quot;&gt;other answer&lt;/a&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Side note&lt;/em&gt;: I'm a native Brazilian Portuguese speaker and this is consistent with our use of the corresponding &lt;strong&gt;ali&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;aí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3033/ahi-y-alli-son-distinguibles-cuando-usadas-en-paises-donde-se-usa-mayorment&quot;&gt;if their pronunciation in Spanish is distinguishable when used with &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1126" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2012-11-10T16:51:36.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3033" CreationDate="2012-11-10T21:40:38.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;yeísmo&lt;/a&gt; consiste en pronunciar la &quot;ll&quot; como &quot;y&quot;, según la pronunciación regional de &quot;y&quot;, ya que esta varía en algunas zonas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquiera de las pronunciaciones de &quot;y&quot; son sonidos completamente distintos, pero vamos a ver en detalle la pronuncación más común de &quot;y&quot;, que es /j/, como &quot;yes&quot; en inglés o &quot;ja&quot; en alemán, y que además puede ser la más dudas pueda generar, puesto que en el yeísmo con la pronunciación rioplatense queda muy claro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Ahí&quot; se diria &quot;aí&quot;, mientras que &quot;allí&quot; quedaría como &quot;ayí&quot;, absolutamente distinguibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes escucharlos WordReference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=ah%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ahí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=all%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-20T09:10:24.703" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T09:10:24.703" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-11T00:07:45.627" Score="7" ViewCount="3483" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melómano&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;cinéfilo&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Por qué se forman con sufijos diferentes? ¿De dónde proviene el sufijo -filo? El Diccionario de la Real Academia Española, en cuanto a los que les gusta la música les llama fanáticos (melómanos) y a los que les gusta el cine aficionados (cinéfilos). ¿Existe algún término &quot;más suave&quot; para los que les guste la música sin llamarlos &lt;strong&gt;fanáticos&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="2210" LastEditDate="2014-03-26T20:45:16.550" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T03:48:38.837" Title="Melómano y cinéfilo ¿Por qué se forman con sufijos diferentes?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3036" CreationDate="2012-11-11T03:03:56.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sufijo -filo viene del griego.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un sufijo relacionado es -filia.  Ver el comentario en Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T03:03:56.110" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2934" CreationDate="2012-11-11T05:36:37.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eso es una unidad de medida de distancia, puede que apropiada para indicarte que puedes caminar una barbaridad con esos zapatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a unit of land distance of various lengths from 1 to 3 miles (1.6 to 4.8 km). &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/kos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/kos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kos: Milla en mogol, equivalente a unos 4 kilómetros. Esta medida se sigue utilizando en remotas regiones de la India rural&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.indiga.org/gloss/gfamily.php?gtype=i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.indiga.org/gloss/gfamily.php?gtype=i&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta la veo menos probable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kós (kŏs, kôs), Lat. Cos, island (1991 pop. 26,379), 111 sq mi (287 sq km), SE Greece, in the Aegean Sea; 2d largest of the Dodecanese, near the Bodrum peninsula of Turkey. Although it rises to c.2,870 ft (875 m) in the southeast, the island is mostly low-lying. Fishing, sponge diving, and tourism are important industries. Grain, tobacco, olive oil, and wine are produced, and cattle, horses, and goats are raised. Kós has mineral deposits and several sulfur springs. The island's main town is Kós (1991 pop. 14,714), situated on the northeast shore. In ancient times the island was controlled in turn by Athens, Macedon, Syria, and Egypt. A cultural center, it was the site of a school of medicine founded in the 5th cent. B.C. by Hippocrates. Kós later enjoyed great prosperity as a result of its alliance with the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt, which valued the island as a naval base. The island became part of modern Greece in 1947.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en la Biblia se menciona este lugar: &#xA;Los Hechos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capítulo 21&#xA;21:1 Después de separarnos de ellos, zarpamos y fuimos con rumbo directo a &lt;strong&gt;Cos&lt;/strong&gt;, y al día siguiente a Rodas, y de allí a Pátara. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amen-amen.net/RV1960/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amen-amen.net/RV1960/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Tambien Hipócrates era de Cos   &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip%C3%B3crates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip%C3%B3crates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.answers.com/topic/kos#ixzz2BtBM4nyZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.answers.com/topic/kos#ixzz2BtBM4nyZ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aqui se hace referencia a los dos significados: Also called coss&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Kos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Kos&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;aquí tambien la isla y la unidad de medida indú: &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.reverso.net/ingles-definiciones/kos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://diccionario.reverso.net/ingles-definiciones/kos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aqui: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/american/kos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/american/kos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como acrónimo no aparece registrado aquí nada que me parezca pueda asociarse: &lt;a href=&quot;http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/KOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/KOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acronymfinder.com/KOS.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.acronymfinder.com/KOS.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni aqui: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acronymgeek.com/KOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.acronymgeek.com/KOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conlusión: No es un acrónimo, &lt;strong&gt;Es una unidad de medida que se utiliza en la India.&lt;/strong&gt; y que por cierto tiene diferentes valores para diferentes localidades. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.definitions.net/definition/KOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.definitions.net/definition/KOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-11T07:07:54.817" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T07:07:54.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2474" CreationDate="2012-11-11T05:53:40.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede que con una palabra lo más parecido sea &lt;strong&gt;incluye&lt;/strong&gt; aunque también en este caso con el apellido hasta lo veo más exacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad es &lt;strong&gt;vencimiento&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T10:33:40.283" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T10:33:40.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3061" CreationDate="2012-11-11T19:08:51.010" Score="3" ViewCount="499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can think of at least two different words for &quot;to become&quot; in Spanish. They are &quot;hacerse&quot; and &quot;ponerse.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference? My understanding is &quot;hacerse&quot; is to become in an ACTIVE way. The original context was the title, Mr. Lucky goes (becomes) Latin. My translation would be Senor Lucky se hace Latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, ice becomes water above 0 degrees C. El hielo se pone el agua sobre la temperatura de 0 grado C. That's because it is more of a &quot;passive&quot; becoming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these uses right or am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2012-12-09T20:29:34.330" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T03:07:26.610" Title="How to say &quot;become&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-11-11T19:16:19.420" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Volverse&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;convertirse en&lt;/em&gt; are the best translations I can think of, but &lt;em&gt;se hace&lt;/em&gt; works in some situations too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ice becomes water above 0 degrees C: El hielo se convierte en agua por encima de los 0 grados C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mr. Lucky becomes Latin: Mr. Lucky se hace latino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="1067" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T07:19:15.003" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T07:19:15.003" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-11-11T20:03:03.523" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él se convirtió en latino&quot; me suena mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1128" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-11T21:00:46.013" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T21:00:46.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3033" CreationDate="2012-11-11T20:15:58.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;si, es muy notable cuando alguien esta pronuciando &quot;ahi&quot; en lugar de &quot;alli&quot;. Por ejemplo en Argentina - alli van a notar la falta del 'll' - 100% garantia.. Pero tambien la semantica entre los dos e diferente. Tu sabes - ahi se usa para distancias no tan lejanas, y alli - distancias muy muy lejanas. Si usas 'ahi' en lugar de 'alli' esto provoca una confusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1128" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T20:15:58.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3045" CreationDate="2012-11-12T01:56:45.860" Score="5" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a thesis and would like to add 2 subsections in my Introduction &#xA;Overview, and Outline, what would be the best way to translate them to spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy realizando una tesis, pero quiero agregar 2 sub-secciones  Overview, y un Outline en la Introducción, ¿Cuál sería la mejor manera de ponerlas en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="1129" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T02:08:56.193" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T16:32:30.893" Title="How to translate Overview and Outline?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3044" CreationDate="2012-11-12T02:45:02.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parecen apropiados: &lt;strong&gt;Síntesis&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Visión General&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T16:32:30.893" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T16:32:30.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3046" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3048" CreationDate="2012-11-12T04:32:39.380" Score="5" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the definition of a mathematical model in English and I have translated it, but I do not think it is correct, I can not figure it out how to translate a little part of it... &#xA;Can you please suggest a better translation or just give a comment about the translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PCA is a mathematical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components. The number of principal components is less than or equal to the number of original variables. This transformation is defined in such a way that the first principal component has the largest possible variance &lt;strong&gt;(that is, accounts for as much of the variability in the data as possible), and each succeeding component in turn has the highest variance possible under the constraint that it be orthogonal to (i.e., uncorrelated with) the preceding components.&lt;/strong&gt; Principal components are guaranteed to be independent only if the data set is jointly normally distributed. PCA is sensitive to the relative scaling of the original variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PCA es un procedimiento matemático que utiliza una transformación ortogonal para convertir un conjunto de observaciones de variables posiblemente correlacionadas en un conjunto de valores de variables linealmente no correlacionadas denominados componentes principales. El número de componentes principales es menor o igual al número de variables originales. Esta transformación se define de tal manera que el primer componente principal tiene la varianza más grande posible &lt;strong&gt;(...),  su vez cada componente subsiguiente tiene la mayor varianza posible cumpliendo la condición de que sean ortogonales (es decir, que no esten correlacionadas ) a los componentes anteriores. Los componentes principales serán independientes sólo si el conjunto de datos esta uniformemente distribuido. ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T16:36:53.300" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T13:10:53.517" Title="Scientific concept into Spanish issue" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-07-03T18:56:26.673" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3046" CreationDate="2012-11-12T07:19:19.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi traducción libre sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PCA es un procedimiento matemático que utiliza una transformación ortogonal para convertir un conjunto de observaciones de variables posiblemente correlacionadas en un conjunto de valores de variables linealmente no correlacionadas, llamadas componentes principales. El número de componentes principales es menor o igual que el número de variables originales. Esta transformación está definida de tal manera que el primer componente principal tiene la mayor varianza posible (es decir, cuenta con tanta de la variabilidad de los datos como sea posible), y cada componente subsiguiente a su vez tiene la mayor varianza posible bajo la condición que esta es ortogonal a (i.e. no tiene correlación con) los componentes precedentes. Se garantiza que los componentes principales son independientes solo si el conjunto de datos tiene una distribución conjunta normal. PCA es sensible a la escala relativa de las variables originales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los puntos de mayor duda son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;a set of observations of possibly correlated variables&lt;/em&gt;. Lo he traducido como &lt;em&gt;un conjunto de observaciones de variables posiblemente correlacionadas&lt;/em&gt;, pero hay algo que no me suena natural, es un conjunto de observaciones o un conjunto de variables que se observan?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;that it &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; orthogonal to&lt;/em&gt;. Lo he traducido como &lt;em&gt;que esta &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; ortogonal a&lt;/em&gt;, pero no me queda muy claro el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; en esta forma en el Inglés. La traducción &lt;em&gt;que esta sea ortogonal a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;que esta esté ortogonal a&lt;/em&gt; tampoco me satisfacen, pues en mi opinión no quedaría claro que esta es una condición que &lt;em&gt;siempre se cumple&lt;/em&gt; al utilizar el método (que es lo que yo comprendo del texto en inglés).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;jointly normally distributed&lt;/em&gt;. Lo he traducido como &lt;em&gt;distribución conjunta normal&lt;/em&gt;, pero no soy matemático y no se el término correcto en español para describir esta propiedad del conjunto. El término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribuci%C3%B3n_normal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;distribución normal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no parece admitir el calificativo de &lt;em&gt;conjunta&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que habría que ver cuidadosamente la manera de traducirlo para que sea técnicamente aceptable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T07:19:19.137" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3046" CreationDate="2012-11-12T15:30:59.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PCA = &lt;em&gt;ACP (Análisis de componentes principales)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%A1lisis_de_componentes_principales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Análisis_de_componentes_principales&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ver este artículo en wikipedia realmente te podría ayudar mucho a construir la más exacta traducción posible adaptada al lenguaje matemático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;orthogonal transformation = &lt;em&gt;transformación ortogonal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede utilizarse &lt;em&gt;transformación ortogonal&lt;/em&gt;; no obstante, casi siempre se dice &lt;em&gt;transformación lineal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;linearly uncorrelated variables = &lt;em&gt;Variables linealmente independientes&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependencia_e_independencia_lineal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependencia_e_independencia_lineal&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;correlated or uncorrelated = &lt;em&gt;correlacionado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no correlacionado&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede decirse &lt;em&gt;correlacionado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no correlacionado&lt;/em&gt; pero en español, se utilizan más los términos matemáticos exactos &lt;em&gt;dependientes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;independientes&lt;/em&gt;. (Para variables independientes muchas veces se utiliza &lt;strong&gt;independientes entre si&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;jointly normally distributed = &lt;em&gt;distribución normal multivariante&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;distribución gaussiana multivariante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribuci%C3%B3n_normal_multivariante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribución_normal_multivariante&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí una lista con los nombres de las distribuciones más utilizadas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribuci%C3%B3n_de_probabilidad#Distribuciones_de_variable_continua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribución_de_probabilidad#Distribuciones_de_variable_continua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T13:10:53.517" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T13:10:53.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3051" CreationDate="2012-11-13T00:42:04.970" Score="4" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a line of text thats describes something that can be done in a fashion way, How would you translate it to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This allow the user to extend scalar data type system in an&#xA;  object-oriented fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was translating that as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto permite al usuario extender los tipos de datos escalares del sistema en un estilo orientado a objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una línea de texto que describe cómo puedes hacer algo de una cierta manera. ¿Cómo  se debe traducir? En este caso es como seguir un &quot;paradigma orientado a objetos&quot;, puse que sería como &quot;un estilo&quot;, pero no estoy seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T01:11:38.163" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T01:32:09.173" Title="Translate something that is in a fashion way" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-11-13T01:25:53.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Become can also be translated into &quot;llegar a ser&quot;, &quot;convertirse en&quot; for your translations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mr. Lucky becomes Latin  - Senor Lucky se hace Latino.&#xA;you really want to translate it with other verb&#xA;like &#xA;Mr. Lucky becomes Latin  - El Señor Lucky se convierte en una persona Latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see I am adding more stuff in spanish, so your english idea is complemented, the issue here is that in English you are straight forward, but in spanish there are several ways to say the same idea, sometimes with double sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand&#xA;ice becomes water above 0 degrees C - El hielo se pone el agua sobre la temperatura de 0 grado C. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ice becomes water above 0 degrees C - El hielo se hace agua o se convierte en agua ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T01:25:53.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3049" CreationDate="2012-11-13T01:32:09.173" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traducir &lt;code&gt;fashion&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;estilo&lt;/code&gt; me parece correcto, sin embargo el texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This allow the user to extend scalar data type system in an object-oriented fashion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto le permite al usuario extender un sistema de tipos de datos escalares en un estilo orientado a objetos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ya que, como yo lo veo, &lt;em&gt;scalar data type&lt;/em&gt; es un atributo de &lt;em&gt;system&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T01:32:09.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3053" CreationDate="2012-11-13T01:53:44.810" Score="2" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cual es el mejor uso de &quot;re-optimizar o volver a optimizar o reoptimizar&quot; &#xA;si tengo que poner en un texto cientifico &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Esto evita desarrollar y re-optimizar ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿cual de las 3 opciones queda mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T09:17:05.850" Title="re-optimizar o volver a optimizar o reoptimizar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3052" CreationDate="2012-11-13T02:07:05.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con temor a la crítica, siempre evitaría dos infinitivos seguidos, terminaciones -ar y -ar. Yo valoraría &quot;evitando una nueva optimización&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T09:17:05.850" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T09:17:05.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3058" CreationDate="2012-11-13T04:28:54.430" Score="2" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a title in english&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SQL extensibility mechanisms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be a good spanish translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cual sería la mejor traducción para ese titulo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T14:26:07.260" Title="How to translate Extensibility mechanisms" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3023" CreationDate="2012-11-13T04:37:48.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías utilizar &lt;code&gt;jugada estratégica&lt;/code&gt;, que creo es lo que buscas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T04:37:48.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3054" CreationDate="2012-11-13T06:31:10.293" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considero que la mejor traducción sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mecanismos de extensibilidad de SQL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con la RAE extensibilidad es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;extensibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de extensible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1099" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T06:31:10.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3023" CreationDate="2012-11-13T13:56:15.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele usar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jugada ensayada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tienes el enlace del uso en un periódico deportivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/2012/04/18/futbol/futbol_sala/1334745898.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.marca.com/2012/04/18/futbol/futbol_sala/1334745898.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1132" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T13:56:15.367" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3054" CreationDate="2012-11-13T14:26:07.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arquitectura extensible SQL&lt;/strong&gt;, creo que es el término técnico que se debe utilizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T14:26:07.260" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3082" CreationDate="2012-11-14T04:42:21.873" Score="2" ViewCount="2111" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué suena más natural en castellano, &lt;em&gt;tomar tiempo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;llevar tiempo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una actividad que &lt;em&gt;toma un tiempo&lt;/em&gt; considerable en ser desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una actividad que &lt;em&gt;lleva un tiempo&lt;/em&gt; el ser desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T23:07:53.630" Title="&quot;Toma un tiempo&quot; o &quot;lleva un tiempo&quot;, ¿qué suena más natural?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3060" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-14T14:43:55.880" Score="3" ViewCount="3162" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Guatemala y he escuchado muchas veces la expresión &lt;em&gt;&quot;en capilla ardiente&quot;&lt;/em&gt; principalmente cuando una persona está a punto de contraer nupcias se le dice &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;estas en capilla ardiente&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece bastante curiosa la expresión por lo que quisiera saber el verdadero significado de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1099" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T20:48:17.493" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T20:48:17.493" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;en capilla ardiente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-11-14T16:18:37.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;ice becomes water above 0 degrees C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El hielo (se) licúa a más de cero grados. &#xA;El hielo (se) licúa por encima de cero grados.&#xA;El hielo a más de cero grados se licúa.&#xA;El hielo por encima de cero grados se licúa.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Las oraciones todas sin comas, aunque hay una pequeña pausa detrás de hielo la coma no tiene lugar)&#xA;Estas traducciones se adaptan más a la forma más recomendable de hablar en español, donde el uso de hacer y convertirse, si pueden ser sustituidos por un verbo más exacto debiera hacerse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mr. Lucky becomes Latin. Aunque no estoy seguro, parece ser algo relacionado con alguna canción del autor de la música de La Pantera Rosa, &lt;strong&gt;Henry Mancini&lt;/strong&gt;. (Por desgracia el contexto en este caso, no es contexto, es solo una frase y limita mucho para hacer una traducción apropiada) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si asi fuera ya Mr Lucky bien pudiera pasar a ser Señor Suerte, Señor Afortunado o alguna cosa parecida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera que la canción Mr Lucky es interpretada al estilo latino, pues así mismo sería la traducción: Mr Lucky al estilo latino. Aquí la traducción de becomes difícilmente aparezca en algún diccionario (Aunque puede haber sorpresas) Pero sin dudas sería la traducción correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte en español (creo que en inglés tambien) algo puede convertirse en otra cosa material o metafóricamente. No es lo mismo convertirse, por ejemplo, en canadiense que convertirse en latino. La nacionalidad canadiense existe y es algo en lo cual uno se puede &quot;convertir&quot; que en cualquier caso no sería una traducción correcta decir fulano se convirtió en canadiense o fulano se hizo canadiense. Hay algunas variantes para decirlo, sin duda, mucho mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero materialmente nadie puede convertirse en latino porque no existe &quot;latinlandia&quot; y no existe forma de que te den un pasaporte latino y de pronto. ZAZ!! Te conviertas en latino.&#xA;Mucho más fácil es convertirse en estatua de sal que convertirse en latino. En cualquier caso si hablamos de una persona que  podría adoptar las normas y costumbres y vivir como un latino. Pero en nuestra lengua no podemos (no debemos) decir que se ha hecho latino. Podríamos decir, por ejemplo: Esta hecho todo un latino! Pero jamás se hace latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto incluso decir &lt;strong&gt;Shakira *&lt;em&gt;becomes latin&lt;/strong&gt; diva&lt;/em&gt;*, aqui se convierte en diva latina. Que no es lo mismo ni parecido a convertirse en latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: Calle 54' &lt;strong&gt;becomes Latin&lt;/strong&gt; jazz mecca in Madrid, aqui nadie se convierte latino, es madrid la que se convierte en la meca del jazz latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;becomes Latin lover&lt;/strong&gt; se convierte en amante latino, otra vez no se convierte en latino sino en latin lover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión una persona no puede convertirse en latina, puede simular ser o aparentar ser latina. Sin embargo si el latino tiene un apellido detrás (lease diva, bailarina o convertiría en latina sino en diva latina, bailarina latina o cantante latina. Pero es imposible convertirse en latino. ya no es una cuestion de idiomas o traducción ppráctica y de lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte becomes si parece servir para decir que alguien toma la apariencia de algo:&#xA;intr)&#xA;    1. (copula) to come to be; develop or grow into he became a monster&#xA;    2. (foll by of; usually used in a question) to fall to or be the lot (of); happen (to) what became of him?&#xA;    &lt;strong&gt;3. (tr) (of clothes, etc.) to enhance the appearance of (someone); suit that dress becomes you&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;    4. (tr) to be appropriate; befit it ill becomes you to complain&#xA;    [Old English becuman to happen; related to Old High German biqueman to come to, Gothic biquiman to appear suddenly]&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/becomes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/becomes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien he leído que un cantante se transformó en latino por 10 minutos (En caso de un cantante no latino cantando al estilo latino) En este caso hay una transformación momentánea, figurada, y esa tranformación temporal en español no significa que se convierta en latino sino que adopta la forma de un latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tomamos en cuenta todo lo anterior y si Mr lucky no fuera una canción, sino una persona podriamos decir entonces que Mr Lucky esta haciéndose pasar por latino, o está fingiendo ser latino. Y si se quiere utilizar el verbo hacer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mr Lucky está hecho todo un latino.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mr Lucky se latiniza.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-17T00:13:51.023" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T00:13:51.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-11-14T16:38:02.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra palabra que se usa en literatura significativamente es &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=devenir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;devenir&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Espero sirva de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word that is used in literature is &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=devenir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;devenir&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;I hope it is still helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="860" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T16:38:02.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3064" CreationDate="2012-11-14T17:15:35.890" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am translating a line of text &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;for each disctinct grouping of column value combinations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came up with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para cada grupo distinto de combinaciones de valores por columna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I guess there is a better way to express this concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo una linea de texto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;for each disctinct grouping of column value combinations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hasta el momento tengo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para cada grupo distinto de combinaciones de valores por columna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;supongo que hay una mejor manera de expresar el concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-01-22T09:57:44.570" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T09:57:44.570" Title="How to express the concept &quot;for each disctinct grouping of column value combinations&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3063" CreationDate="2012-11-14T22:14:40.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues, a falta de algún contexto, yo optaría por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para cada forma distinta de agrupamiento de parejas de campo y valor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes substituír &lt;em&gt;forma de agrupamiento&lt;/em&gt; por otro término semejante: &lt;em&gt;forma de agrupar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tipo de agrupamiento&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, creo que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; deberías traducir «column value combinations» como «combinaciones de valor por columna». Creo que el concepto es el de «combinaciones de valores &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; columnas». Pero sin más contexto, no puedo asegurarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T22:14:40.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3067" CreationDate="2012-11-15T01:15:47.137" Score="1" ViewCount="3261" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un texto científico asumo que no es apropiado tratar de describir algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X es una especie de resumen de los datos de entrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé que sinónimo utilizar, quizá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X &lt;em&gt;puede ser visto&lt;/em&gt; como un resumen de los datos de entrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X &lt;em&gt;puede ser descrito&lt;/em&gt; como un resumen de los datos de entrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se podría sustituir &quot;es una especie de&quot; para hacerlo más formal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T20:46:58.540" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T20:46:58.540" Title="Sinónimo de &quot;una especie de&quot; refiriéndose a un tipo o a una descripción no a la definición biológica" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3060" CreationDate="2012-11-15T13:15:20.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que es una mezcla de &quot;estar en capilla&quot; con &quot;capilla ardiente&quot;. Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/capilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capilla.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. *cappella, dim. de cappa, capa).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;~ ardiente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. (Por estar alumbrada con muchas luces). f. La de la iglesia en que se levanta el túmulo y se celebran honras solemnes por algún difunto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Oratorio fúnebre provisional donde se celebran las primeras exequias por una persona, en la misma casa en que ha fallecido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Cámara donde se vela un cadáver o se le tributan honras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;estar en ~, o en la ~.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. Dicho de un reo: Estar desde que se le notifica la sentencia de muerte hasta la ejecución, en cualquier pieza de la cárcel dispuesta como capilla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. locs. verbs. coloqs. Dicho de otra persona: Hallarse en el trance de pasar una prueba o de conocer el resultado de algo que le preocupa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que yo diría que es una variación de &quot;estar en capilla&quot;, significando más o menos &quot;a la espera de un desenlace afortunado&quot; (la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia da este significado&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de añadir &quot;ardiente&quot; tal vez sea en tono humorístico, de igual forma que en ocasiones se da el pésame a quien va a casarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T13:15:20.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3065" CreationDate="2012-11-15T19:12:09.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X es un tipo de resumen de los datos de entrada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  X es algo así como un resumen de los datos de entrada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  X es parecido a un resumen de los datos de entrada. (Personalmente no mi opción preferida.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X es como un resumen de los datos de entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última forma puede tener el mismo sentido que le quieres dar a la frase pues no dice que efectivamente un resumen, sino algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T19:12:09.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3065" CreationDate="2012-11-15T19:26:30.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo muy bien la pregunta. ¿Eres tú quién está escribiendo esa frase? En los textos científicos se tiene que tener clarísimo qué es &quot;X&quot;. Qué mide, qué representa. Si ni siquiera tú lo tienes claro, imagínate la imagen que das al lector...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay sinónimos que puedan ayudarte en esa frase. De cualquiera de las tres maneras, estás mostrando que no tienes muy claro de lo que hablas, por lo que el lector dudará del propósito mismo de toda tu investigación. En el lenguaje científico caben pocos titubeos. El lenguaje científico prefiere las palabras cuanto más claras, sencillas y entendibles, mejor. Tratar de oscurecerlo o parecer &quot;más erudito&quot; siempre es contraproducente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &quot;X&quot; es un resumen de los datos de entrada, dilo tranquilamente, pero con el detalle y concreción que el texto científico requiere. Por ejemplo: &quot;X es la media aritmética de los voltajes recogidos por los sensores S1..SN&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo que estás haciendo es dar tu interpretación o intentar describir el trabajo poco claro de otra persona y el significado de &quot;X&quot; tal y como tú lo entiendes, yo recomendaría algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;X se puede interpretar como un resumen de los datos de entrada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;X pretende mostrar un resumen de los datos de entrada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1025" LastEditorDisplayName="user1025" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T19:32:29.033" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T19:32:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3036" CreationDate="2012-11-16T07:57:24.710" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-filo&lt;/strong&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;filia&lt;/em&gt; (griego) que es una especie de amor hacia algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-mano&lt;/strong&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;manía&lt;/em&gt; (griego) que es una especie de locura hacia algo (es más fuerte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;strong&gt;melómano&lt;/strong&gt; (que &lt;a href=&quot;http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melomane&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece estar vinculado con la ópera&lt;/a&gt;) podrías utilizar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/musicoman%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;musicómano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, parece ser que no hay &lt;strong&gt;musicófilo&lt;/strong&gt;, que resultaría más suave. ¡En el peor de los casos estarías creando un neologismo! ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="35" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T12:17:06.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2126" CreationDate="2012-11-17T06:15:58.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si, no te preocupes. Se dice &lt;em&gt;cuenta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, tambien se usa &quot;account&quot; para decir una cuenta de usuario y una cuenta de banco. Es lo mismo en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma  de usar &quot;cuenta&quot; en español es &quot;darse cuenta' = to realize (literally: to give account).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;no me di cuenta&quot; = &quot;I didn't realize&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1137" LastEditorUserId="2236" LastEditDate="2012-11-17T11:16:03.177" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T11:16:03.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="431" CreationDate="2012-11-17T06:36:53.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Throughout Central America &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt; is often used as a polite way to get the attention of any working server (no matter their age, really.. even old people), such as a waiter or waitress or someone working in a toy store. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Joven, agua por favor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Joven, cuanto cuesta este juego?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1137" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T06:36:53.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4271" CreationDate="2012-11-17T07:23:13.420" Score="7" ViewCount="7390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently met someone from Chile who used &quot;po&quot; as a contraction of &quot;pues&quot; - and said that this is common usage in Chile. Is it used anywhere else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente conocí una chilena que utiliza &quot;po&quot; como contracción de &quot;pues&quot;. Ella me dijo que eso es común en Chile. Es usado en otros países también?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1135" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user1135" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:10:22.847" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T08:21:14.823" Title="&quot;Po&quot; for &quot;pues&quot; - anywhere else but Chile?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3075" CreationDate="2012-11-18T06:26:38.433" Score="8" ViewCount="1258" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una amiga me dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy a cargo de mamá que es una señora de la tercera edad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;la tercera edad&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T15:30:50.827" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T15:30:50.827" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;la tercera edad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3073" CreationDate="2012-11-18T09:59:01.210" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tercera edad&amp;quot; es sinónimo de &amp;quot;ancianidad&amp;quot;. Es un eufemismo a menudo usado en la prensa y que se ha vuelto parte de la cultura popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una entrada en el DLE en la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EN8xffh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;edad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EN8xffh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tercera edad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Período avanzado de la vida de las personas en el que normalmente disminuye la vida laboral activa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de personas que están en la tercera edad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tercera edad&amp;quot; is a synonym of old age. Take a look to the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EN8xffh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;edad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;This is an euphemism that press tends to use. Nowadays, it became part of folk popular culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T09:06:30.563" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3077" CreationDate="2012-11-18T15:31:33.770" Score="7" ViewCount="18365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que escribir una carta formal y quiero escribir de la misma manera y con el mismo respeto que en inglés (dear sir, dear madam), son dos personas que no son parientes pero quiero ser cortés con ellos en mi carta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo mejor es: &quot;Querido señor, querida señora&quot; pero no se si es lo mejor y si puedo hablar como así en español.&#xA;Lo siento si es difícil entender lo que dijo, no he practicado mi español desde mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to start a formal letter with an equivalent to: &quot;Dear Sir, dear Madam&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm having to type a formal letter and I'd like to know how to address two unrelated people, one gentleman and a lady whilst retaining as much as possible a sense of politeness when addressing them, preferably in a similar form to: &quot;Dear Sir, dear Madam&quot; in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="871" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-18T21:17:44.867" LastActivityDate="2012-11-18T21:17:44.867" Title="¿Cómo empezar una carta de manera formal/oficial?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3076" CreationDate="2012-11-18T17:29:00.627" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, la fórmula correcta formal de dirigirse por carta suele ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimados señores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te preocupes si te parece muy &quot;masculino&quot;, puesto que &quot;señores&quot; indica hombres y mujeres (señores y señoras). Si sabes si a quien te diriges es hombre o mujer, entonces puedes usar &quot;estimado señor&quot; o &quot;estimada señora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se suele usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muy señores nuestros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &quot;muy señor mío&quot; o &quot;muy señora mía&quot; en el caso en que conozcas si es hombre o mujer. Sin embargo, esta fórmula puede ser incluso demasiado formal hoy en día si se utiliza en un correo electrónico, ya que el propio carácter de los email es algo informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, fíjate que al final de la frase se pone dos puntos (:) y no una coma (,) como sucede en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-11-18T17:29:00.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3085" CreationDate="2012-11-18T18:56:20.193" Score="2" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;While in Mexico, I made an appointment with an orthopedic doctor to have him investigate why my feet hurt when I walk on them for a very short time and also in the morning right after waking up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He examined my feet and told me that my feet were very very flat and that I would need arch supports in my shoes to help with it.  So he wrote me a prescription for arch supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could never find the time to turn in the prescription to a pediatrist so I have yet to get them, but I still have the prescription.  I thought that maybe I could use this same prescription in the States when I return in 18 days.  Currently I cannot afford to turn the prescription in so that was my best guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to prepare to translate but I got stuck on the most important area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soportes de pelite&quot;.  To the right of it is says LON and ANT, each are marked checkboxes with numbers beside them.  12 for LON and 4 for ANT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched and searched for the meaning of pelite, but all I can find is definition about sedimentary rocks, which makes no sense... unless the doctor intended for me to have sedimentary rocks embedded into my insole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any insight would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T12:15:49.103" Title="What does &quot;pelite&quot; mean, in regards to orthopedics?" Tags="&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="319" CreationDate="2012-11-18T22:14:57.450" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the book, &lt;em&gt;Advanced Spanish Step by Step&lt;/em&gt; written by Barbara Bregstein, on page 188, she writes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;the simple future transmits more of a commitment or a strong decision than does the future periphrastic (ir+a+infinitive). The difference also exists in English: &lt;em&gt;I will arrive at 7 p.m.&lt;/em&gt; is a little stronger than &lt;em&gt;I am going to arrive at 7 p.m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1139" LastEditorUserId="526" LastEditDate="2012-11-24T17:10:15.900" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T17:10:15.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3059" CreationDate="2012-11-19T11:33:27.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A menudo digo &quot;lleva un tiempo&quot; en la península Ibérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually say &quot;lleva un tiempo&quot; in the Iberian peninsule.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1140" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-19T16:22:02.447" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T16:22:02.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3072" CreationDate="2012-11-19T11:35:46.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, I usually say &quot;pos&quot;, in the Iberian peninsule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1140" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-19T16:42:33.743" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T16:42:33.743" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3059" CreationDate="2012-11-19T11:59:11.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo general, por el uso que le damos aquí en España, al menos en mi ámbito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien &lt;em&gt;se toma un tiempo&lt;/em&gt; para hacer algo.&#xA;Algo &lt;em&gt;lleva un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, al menos para mí es más natural usar el &lt;em&gt;lleva un tiempo&lt;/em&gt; más que el &lt;em&gt;toma un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero generalmente nos encontramos con diferentes caso depende de la región, he escuchando a muchos latinoamericanos blandir el &lt;em&gt;toma un tiempo&lt;/em&gt; en vez del &lt;em&gt;lleva un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final, la cuestión es que nos entendamos, y puede que suene raro o antinatural, porque no estás acostumbrado a la forma de decirlo, pero para cada individuo hay una forma correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Península Ibérica se escucha más &lt;em&gt;lleva un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Saludos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3086/106&quot;&gt;El Boletaire Underave&lt;/a&gt; comenta que el usa ambas, con lo que al final la respuesta podría quedar que queda más a discreción de la persona, más que el sitio de donde sea esa persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T12:08:40.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3072" CreationDate="2012-11-19T12:04:11.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como en cualquier otro idioma, muchas palabras tienden a contraerse en sus formas de uso informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no se como se usa en otros países, vivo en España, pero como dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1140/pickoka&quot;&gt;pickoka&lt;/a&gt; en la Península ibérica suele usarse &lt;em&gt;Pos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi respuesta final, es que &lt;em&gt;Po&lt;/em&gt; como contracción de &lt;em&gt;Pues&lt;/em&gt; no llega a algunos países, como por ejemplo España, pero es probable que esos países tengan otras contracciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T10:44:29.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3078" CreationDate="2012-11-19T12:15:49.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found something in a PDF about materials, in Spanish. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cpsalud.com/materiales.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here you can see the PDF&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I though first, &lt;strong&gt;pelite&lt;/strong&gt; is a material.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As is described in the PDF, the &lt;strong&gt;pelite&lt;/strong&gt; is a type of Soft Polyethylene (literal translation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw in some on-line stores of orthopedics, that you can buy &quot;plantillas de piel&quot; or &quot;plantillas de pelite&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T12:15:49.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3059" CreationDate="2012-11-19T13:52:40.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo yo de la península Ibérica, utilizo tanto una como otra expresión.. así que yo creo que el uso de una u otra depende más de cada persona y no de la ubicación de ésta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastEditorUserId="8" LastEditDate="2012-11-21T16:14:43.850" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T16:14:43.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3033" CreationDate="2012-11-19T17:33:30.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No  hay mucha posibilidad de confusión, la diferencia es bastante notable cuando se usa el yeísmo (como aquí: Buenos Aires, Argentina). Sí puede ocurrir una pronunciación similar en algunas zonas (como algunas regiones del interior de Argentina) en las que la '&lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt;' se pronuncia muy parecido a la '&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;' (&lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; '&lt;em&gt;cabaio&lt;/em&gt;').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T17:33:30.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3097" CreationDate="2012-11-21T18:48:43.693" Score="1" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo una parte de un pequeño script. aparece en &lt;a href=&quot;http://wp.tutsplus.com/tutorials/theme-development/integrating-google-rich-snippets-into-a-wordpress-theme/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wp.tutsplus.com/tutorials/theme-development/integrating-google-rich-snippets-into-a-wordpress-theme/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí aparece como queda en ingles que será bastante similar a la forma en que aparecerá el resultado en español.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Recipe type:&#xA; &amp;lt;time itemprop=&quot;recipeCategory&quot;&amp;gt;'&#xA;Yield:      &quot;recipeYield&quot;&amp;gt;'.&#xA;Prep time:  &quot;prepTime&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;Cook time:  &quot;cookTime&quot;&amp;gt;'&#xA;Total time: &quot;totalTime&quot;&amp;gt;';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo claro a que pertenecen todos los elementos, pero, en algunos casos, no tengo claro que esté poniendo los términos óptimos.&#xA;Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recipe type me parece que sea tipo de receta (aqui se colocará si es&#xA;postre, entrante, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yield tengo raciones y creo que si sea el más apropiado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prep time: Tiempo de preparación (sin embargo no quiero que se&#xA;confunda con el tiempo total. esto se refiere al tiempo que se&#xA;necesita antes de empezar a cocinar pelar papas etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cook time: tiempo de cocción ( ese es el tiempo por ejemplo que los alimentos van a estar al fuego, o en el horno)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Total time: Tiempo total&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema que se me hace es que tiempo de preparación pueda confundirse con tiempo total. Sin embargo por razones de contenido y por la forma en que supongo que se busque esta información en google las palabras &lt;code&gt;tiempo de preparación&lt;/code&gt; quiero incluirla. ¿Será mejor donde prep time poner preparativos y donde dice total time poner tiempo total de preparación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero algunas ideas, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="108" LastEditDate="2012-11-23T07:58:30.860" LastActivityDate="2012-11-23T07:58:30.860" Title="Receta de Cocina" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-22T12:45:48.810" Score="7" ViewCount="10372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el sentido es de &quot;to manage to do something&quot;, pero ¿hay alguna diferencia? ¿Cuál se usa con más frecuencia? ¿Uno es más formal que el otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1126" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-11-22T16:32:23.533" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T18:25:37.143" Title="¿Cuándo usar &quot;conseguir&quot; o &quot;lograr&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3100" CreationDate="2012-11-22T15:20:18.810" Score="1" ViewCount="6743" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero decirle a alguien algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;como parte de nuestros estudios...&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ayudado por nuestros estudios...&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;para complementar y mejorar nuestros estudios...&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;en el cuadro de nuestros estudios&quot; (traducción directa, podría ser falsa como frase)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Within the scope of our studies we decided to undertake this humanitarian project&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;As a complement to our current education we decided to undertake this humanitarian project&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no sé la mejor manera de decir una frase como estas de aquí. ¿Cuál es la mejor manera de escribirlo? No me limito a las 3 de aquí, son ejemplos, pero quiero decir casi la misma cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="871" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:18:43.400" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:18:43.400" Title="¿Mejor manera de decir: &quot;como parte de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3089" CreationDate="2012-11-22T17:06:04.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad puedes utilizar ambos, son sinónimos, y los dos significan lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...to manage to do something...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...lograr algo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...conseguir algo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo jamás he visto ninguna diferencia entre ellas dos, he comprobado, por si acaso si no eran sinónimas, pero por lo general se usan para no hacerse repetitivo en un texto, por ejemplo cuando tienes que usar el mismo verbo dos veces muy junto, es buena práctica usar &lt;em&gt;conseguir&lt;/em&gt; primero y &lt;em&gt;lograr&lt;/em&gt; después, o a la inversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta se ha redactado teniendo en cuenta el contexto en el que nos sitúa la pregunta sobre &lt;em&gt;...to manage to do something...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="987" LastEditDate="2012-11-22T18:06:22.627" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T18:06:22.627" CommentCount="34" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3089" CreationDate="2012-11-22T17:16:06.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambos pueden utilizarse como equivalentes a &lt;em&gt;&quot;to achieve&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en la mayoría de construcciones, y puedes utilizarlos como sinónimos para evitar la redundancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lograr nuestras metas ayuda también a conseguir la felicidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al menos en América, conseguir también se utiliza como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;obtener algo&lt;/em&gt; en un sentido de &lt;em&gt;&quot;to get something&quot;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vamos al campo a conseguir algunas fresas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T17:16:06.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3089" CreationDate="2012-11-22T18:19:39.750" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de uno u otro no tiene nada que ver con la formalidad, ni puede demarcarse uno como más frecuente que el otro. Es preferible utilizar &quot;conseguir&quot; para cosas materiales. Ej. &lt;em&gt;Quiero conseguir un martillo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es preferible utilizar &quot;lograr&quot; para cosas no materiales relacionadas con el buen desempeño de algo, casi siempre una meta. Ej.: &lt;em&gt;No se logró la cosecha por culpa de la sequía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchas ocasiones una puede ser sustituida por otra pero aún en esos casos si delimitamos si es algo material (conseguir) o inmaterial (lograr) serían los términos óptimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el presente caso, aún cuando &quot;something&quot; se refiera a algo inespecífico, se deduce que sea algo material. Y es evidente que lo apropiado es &quot;consígueme algo&quot; a la opción de &quot;lógrame algo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-27T16:07:52.880" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T16:07:52.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3090" CreationDate="2012-11-22T18:36:17.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya con la frase en inlgés completa te puedo decir que las siguientes opciones no son buenas o son por completo incorrectas no porque tengan errores de gramática sino porque significan otra cosa completamente diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;ayudado por nuestros estudios...&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;en el cuadro de nuestros estudios&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frases que puedes usar en esta situación serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;como parte de nuestros estudios...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para complementar y mejorar&#xA;  nuestros estudios...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como complemento de nuestros estudios ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y esas serían traducciones más o menos literales. También podías decirlo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para enriquecer nuestros estudios...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para enriquecer nuestra&#xA;  experiencia...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para incrementar nuestro conocimiento...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en fin, pudes tener muchísimas opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T18:36:17.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3089" CreationDate="2012-11-22T19:19:57.053" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los significados literales son diferentes. &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/conseguir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«Conseguir»&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/obtain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«to obtain»&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/lograr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«logar»&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/achieve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«to achieve»&lt;/a&gt;. Tu pregunta, si me permites que la repita con mayor claridad es: ¿Que verbo del castelleno es equivalente a «to manage to do something»? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues comparando «conseguir» y «lograr», la respuesta es ninguno. Si, si miras en el diccionario de la RAE, estas dos palabras tienen significados sinónimos. Pero, primero, el diccionario de la RAE no debe ser tomado como guía absoluta. Y segundo, los verbos «to achieve» y «to obtain» no son realmente equivalentes y tampoco significan la frase sobre la que preguntas. &lt;em&gt;«To manage to do something»&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;«arreglarselas para hacer algo (bien)»&lt;/em&gt; y en inglés &lt;em&gt;«to do something to the best of one's ability»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos verbos tienen significados diferentes en el uso. La pista está en el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/obtener&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«obtener»&lt;/a&gt;. Ambos verbos «conseguir» y «lograr» se pueden reducir a matices semánticos de este último, pero «conseguir» semánticamente se refiere a posesión, mientras que «lograr» se usa para referirse al alcance de metas, materiales o inmateriales a través de un esfuerzo personal. De hecho en ocasiones se combina ambos verbos para indicar el alcance de una meta material. Unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Carlos consigió un auto nuevo»&lt;/em&gt;. Carlos &lt;em&gt;obtuvo&lt;/em&gt; un objeto material.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Carlos ha logrado graduarse de la universidad»&lt;/em&gt;. Carlos &lt;em&gt;obtuvo&lt;/em&gt; una meta inmaterial, fué un esfuerzo grande; tal vez se demoró diez años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Carlos logró conseguir el préstamo para comprar su casa nueva»&lt;/em&gt;. Carlos hizo un esfuerzo material e inmaterial (todas las diligencias y&#xA;requisitos impuestos por el banco) para obtener un objeto material&#xA;(la casa).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer ejemplo, no puedes reemplazar «conseguir» por «lograr». No suena bien, la frase &lt;em&gt;«Carlos logró una casa»&lt;/em&gt; no es idiomática y demuestra poco conocimiento del uso de idioma, algo que uno escucharía entre gentes de los bajos fondos. En el segundo si es intercambiable, el esfuerzo implica una inversión material: trabajo, tiempo, lapso de vida. Estas dos ideas se conjugan en el tercer ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastEditorUserId="979" LastEditDate="2012-11-29T18:25:37.143" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T18:25:37.143" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3090" CreationDate="2012-11-22T20:08:38.373" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gusta utilizar &lt;strong&gt;Plan de estudios&lt;/strong&gt; Esto es equivalente al cien por ciento a lo que dices como cuadro de estudios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T20:08:38.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3088" CreationDate="2012-11-23T03:22:57.873" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recipe type: En general &amp;quot;Tipo de receta&amp;quot; (como &amp;quot;Entradas&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Sopas&amp;quot;, etc.). Pero también podría representar particiones como &amp;quot;Comida árabe&amp;quot;, ... o &amp;quot;Platillos econónicos&amp;quot;. No se me ocurre un ejemplo en el que &amp;quot;tipo de receta&amp;quot; pueda ser malentendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yield: En español es equivalente a &amp;quot;rinde&amp;quot;. Puede ser en porciones, en litros (para jugos, por ejemplo), en kilos (para dulces)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prep time: Tiempo de preparación. No hay confusión posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cook time: Tiempo de cocción. No hay confusión posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total time: Tiempo total. No hay confusión posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-11-23T03:22:57.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1301" CreationDate="2012-11-23T07:39:51.943" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cerote&lt;/strong&gt; is the definition for a piece of shit, but if you are in Guatemala, for instance, &lt;strong&gt;cerote&lt;/strong&gt; could be a friendly way to say that you did something wrong or impolite, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerote, esa era mi cerveza / Man, that was my beer &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also it could be used for a greeting in a close friendship &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué hay cerote? ¿cómo vas? / What's up, dude? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to denigrate someone &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese cerote es bien mula / That guy is really dumb &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, can be used to express your admiration to someone &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que cerote pa' jugar fut / You are so good in soccer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if an unknown person come to you saying that, well, nobody will do that. If they really want to say something mean to you, they will use some other words like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerote, hijo de la gran p.... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok that one doesn't need explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm Guatemalan, and that word is part of my daily life vocabulary. And by the way, we mostly all the time pronounce it like &lt;strong&gt;serote&lt;/strong&gt;! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1143" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-09-12T05:58:24.047" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T05:58:24.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2012-11-24T00:47:44.453" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember that this is also used for words starting with &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; followed by an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;: 'El hada madrina / Las hadas madrinas'.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The idea as many others have said is to avoid two consecutive &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; that are (somehow) hard to pronounce and produce a what is called &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;cacofonía&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another important issue (a commonly forgotten one) is that the gender of the word does not mean that the designated object has that same gender. This causes discussion as if the correct way is &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;el abogado&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;la abogado&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;la abogada&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-02-24T16:27:29.440" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T16:27:29.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3090" CreationDate="2012-11-24T04:19:40.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Within the scope of our studies we decided to undertake this humanitarian project&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Dentro del alcance de nuestros estudios decidimos emprender este proyecto humanitario&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Comentarios:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1) Aunque menos literal, probablemente sea mas idiomático en español remplazar &quot;emprender&quot; por &quot;incluir&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2) &quot;Decidimos&quot; tiene el típico problema del pretérito igual al presente (&quot;yo decido, ... nosotros decidimos&quot; y &quot;yo decidí,... nosotros decidimos&quot;). Para ser más claro podría utilizarse &quot;hemos decidido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;As a complement to our current education we decided to undertake this humanitarian project&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Como complemento de nuestra educación en curso hemos decidido emprender este proyecto humanitario&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T04:19:40.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3103" CreationDate="2012-11-24T05:30:19.960" Score="3" ViewCount="23399" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el equivalente de la Real Academia Española, en el contexto del idioma inglés?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2012-11-26T17:04:08.187" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T17:04:08.187" Title="Equivalente en idioma inglés de La Real Academia Española" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="13" ClosedDate="2012-11-24T23:48:03.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3101" CreationDate="2012-11-24T08:35:50.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente no hay, aquí en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo%3aAcademias_Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADsticas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;articulo&lt;/a&gt; se listan las academias lingüísticas en las cuales no se encuentra alguna para el ingles, pero  por lo que tengo entendido existen instituciones que se dedican a recopilar reglas gramaticales como las universidades de Oxford y Cambridge  entre otras...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1072" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T08:35:50.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3101" CreationDate="2012-11-24T16:48:26.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien oficialmente no existe ningun regulador de la lengua inglesa equivalente a la RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_language_regulators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_language_regulators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_language&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si son autoridades Oxford University  que publica muchos manuales de estilo la más reconocida es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart%27s_Rules&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hart's Rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el inglés americano debe tomarse como estandar el Webster's Dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3aList_of_language_regulators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;discusión muy interesante acerca del tema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastEditorUserId="1102" LastEditDate="2012-11-24T16:53:54.437" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T16:53:54.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3101" CreationDate="2012-11-24T21:23:14.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La lengua inglesa, como la gran mayoría de lenguas en el mundo, no ea regulada por entidades específicas. En el caso de la lengua castellana, esto fué una decisión política deliberada de la corona española para asegurar la homogeneidad en la comunicación de las colonias con la sede imperial y entre ellas y así facilitar el comercio y el control político y social (por religioso). Los otros respondientes ya te han dado algunas referencias al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en este momento de la historia nos es dificil comunicarnos entre nosotros, digamos un mejicano, un colombiano, un uruguayo, usando nuestras jergas dialectales nacionales, imagina cuan difícil sería hacerlo si nuestros dialectos no hubiesen tenido una fuerza cohesiva que impregnara los sectores cultos de nuestras sociedades. La influencia de las lenguas nativas habría sido tan fuerte que hablaríamos en jeringonza para todos los demás y aún dentro de los mismos paises las diferencias regionales serían mayúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto, por supuesto, no ocurrió con las áreas del mundo colonizadas por los ingleses, franceses o alemánes, simplemente porque las poblaciones nativas fueron efectivamente ignoradas y marginadas (como en la India o en el África) o exterminadas, como sucedió en el Norte de América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T21:23:14.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3106" CreationDate="2012-11-25T04:24:41.790" Score="9" ViewCount="1899" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que la traduccion de la frase “brother-in-law“ es “cuñado“. ¿“Cuñado&quot; se refiere al hermano de una esposa, el esposo de una hermana, o los dos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T01:55:11.587" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:55:11.587" Title="¿Hay diferentes palabras para el hermano de una esposa, y el esposo de una hermana?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3105" CreationDate="2012-11-25T06:05:08.747" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/drae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuñado, da.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. cognātus).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Hermano del cónyuge.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. y f. Cónyuge del hermano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. y f. concuñado (‖ cónyuge de alguien respecto del cónyuge de otra persona hermana de aquel).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. y f. Am. U. como fórmula de tratamiento afectivo para dirigirse a los amigos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. y f. ant. Pariente por afinidad, en cualquier grado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, viendo las acepciones 1 y 2, se refiere a ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-26T07:31:37.677" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T07:31:37.677" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3090" CreationDate="2012-11-27T09:28:46.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las mejores alternativas a &quot;como parte de&quot; en el contexto de &quot;ofrecemos u organizamos algo, que forma parte de otra cosa más grande que también ofrecemos&quot; son las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dentro del ámbito de (también &quot;en el ámbito de&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dentro del ámbito&lt;/strong&gt; de X ofrecemos Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dentro del ámbito de nuestros estudios hemos decidido emprender este proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;En el ámbito del programa &quot;Año de los Pueblos Americanos&quot; se organizará la conferencia &quot;Cocina Andina&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el marco de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En el marco de&lt;/strong&gt; X ofrecemos Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el marco de nuestros estudios hemos decidido emprender este proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La conferencia &quot;Cocina Andina&quot; se organiza en el marco del programa &quot;Año de los Pueblos Americanos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una variante es usar el verbo enmarcar o &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=encuadrar&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;encuadrar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este proyecto se enmarca en el ámbito de nuestros estudios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La conferencia &quot;Cocina Andina&quot; se encuadra en el programa &quot;Año de los Pueblos Americanos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T09:28:46.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3109" CreationDate="2012-11-27T12:38:45.753" Score="9" ViewCount="9522" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente, &quot;excusa&quot; y &quot;pretexto&quot; significan lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo usar uno o el otro? Por ejemplo, comparando estas 2 frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buscó una &lt;strong&gt;excusa&lt;/strong&gt; para no venir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buscó un &lt;strong&gt;pretexto&lt;/strong&gt; para no venir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tienen el mismo significado? ¿Cuál sería más correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastEditorUserId="1134" LastEditDate="2012-11-28T14:55:06.257" LastActivityDate="2012-11-28T14:55:06.257" Title="¿Cuándo usar &quot;excusa&quot; o &quot;pretexto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3108" CreationDate="2012-11-27T13:04:28.197" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchas ocasiones son intercambiables, pero «pretexto» siempre tiene la connotación de ser una excusa falsa o simulada. Por contra, la excusa &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt; ser o no falsa. Ojo, que es «excusa», con equis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendaciones-E-excusa-y-pretexto-no-siempre-son-sinonimos-469.html&quot;&gt;Según la Fundación del Español Urgente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un pretexto es 'una excusa falsa', 'una causa simulada que&#xA;  aparentemente se alega para hacer, o no hacer, algo'. Una excusa puede&#xA;  ser falsa o verdadera; 'es un motivo que se presenta como&#xA;  justificación para eludir una responsabilidad; pudiendo ser, o no, la&#xA;  justificación real de la disculpa'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tus ejemplos, «Buscó un pretexto para no venir» y «Buscó una excusa para no venir», diría que en este caso son completamente equivalentes. Si en ambos casos la justificación es algo &lt;em&gt;buscado&lt;/em&gt;, entonces el verdadero motivo es otro, y la excusa proporcionada es falsa, luego también es pretexto. Ambas frases valdrían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por resumir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si el motivo es falso, inventado o supuesto, puedes usar ambas palabras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si el motivo es verdadero, solo puedes usar «excusa» (u otras palabras, como «motivo», «causa», «explicación»...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-11-27T17:12:44.110" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T17:12:44.110" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2012-11-27T16:32:13.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi experiencia, ambas significan lo mismo. Formación se usa preferiblemente en España, mientras que capacitación es usada en Latinoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en mi contexto profesional: vendemos software para empresas y ofrecemos formación postventa a los usuarios para que sepan usarlo. Cuando vendemos en Latinoamérica le llamamos capacitación, pero en España le llamamos formación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1152" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-01-27T00:17:48.043" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T00:17:48.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3111" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3112" CreationDate="2012-11-29T03:53:32.817" Score="8" ViewCount="1709" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Si hay muchas personas que se llaman Jesús juntas, cómo debo designarlas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eran varios Jesús a la vez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eran varios Jesúes &lt;sup&gt;[Jesuses (!) ]&lt;/sup&gt; a la vez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que no es como &lt;em&gt;Paco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Pepe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchos Pacos; muchos Pepes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún que Pepe sea el padre de Jesús, no creo que sea lo mismo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La motivación de esta pregunta es a raíz de &lt;a href=&quot;https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/q/74278/12615&quot;&gt;esta que hice en WordPress SE&lt;/a&gt;. Es respecto al plural de WP, pero la respuesta que me pareció acertada tenía esta yema (énfasis mía):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WordPress is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_plural#Singulars_without_plurals&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;singular without plural&lt;/a&gt;. A second instance would be a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fork_%28software_development%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fork&lt;/a&gt; that could not use the same name, because the name &lt;em&gt;WordPress&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://ma.tt/2010/09/wordpress-trademark/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;is a trademark&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://wordpressfoundation.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordPress Foundation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Like Jesus, just more rules.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="695" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T10:28:33.977" Title="¿Si hay muchas personas que se llaman Jesús juntas, cómo debo designarlas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3111" CreationDate="2012-11-29T05:44:09.930" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eran varios &lt;strong&gt;Jesuses&lt;/strong&gt; a la vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La formación del plural en este caso no es distinta de otros sustantivos. Como referencia puedes tomar el artículo del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=plural&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reglas de Formación del Plural&lt;/a&gt;. El sustantivo (nombre propio) Jesús cae en la regla &lt;code&gt;f)&lt;/code&gt; de dicho artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f) &lt;strong&gt;Sustantivos y adjetivos terminados en -s o en -x&lt;/strong&gt;. Si son monosílabos o polisílabos agudos, forman el plural añadiendo -es: tos, pl. toses; vals, pl. valses, fax, pl. faxes; compás, pl. compases; francés, pl. franceses. En el resto de los casos, permanecen invariables: crisis, pl. crisis; tórax, pl. tórax; fórceps, pl. fórceps. Es excepción a esta regla la palabra dux, que, aun siendo monosílaba, es invariable en plural: los dux. También permanecen invariables los polisílabos agudos cuando se trata de voces compuestas cuyo segundo elemento es ya un plural: ciempiés, pl. ciempiés (no ciempieses); buscapiés, pl. buscapiés (no buscapieses), pasapurés, pl. pasapurés (no pasapureses).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="1067" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T20:23:29.843" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T20:23:29.843" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3113" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-11-29T08:53:51.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta etiqueta se utiliza para hablar de sustantivos genéricos. Para hablar sobre nombres propios, utiliza &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/nombres-propios&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;nombres-propios&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;nombres-propios&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es, si quieres hablar sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;colombiano&lt;/em&gt;, utiliza esta etiqueta (junto con otras), pero si quieres hablar sobre &lt;em&gt;Colombia&lt;/em&gt;, utiliza &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/nombres-propios&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;nombres-propios&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;nombres-propios&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions about nouns, their use, meaning, etymology and grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:59:25.243" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:59:25.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3114" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-11-29T08:53:51.107" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre sustantivos, sus usos, significados, etimología o su gramática. //&#xD;&#xA;For questions about nouns, their use, meaning, etymology and grammar." OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:59:25.243" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:59:25.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3116" CreationDate="2012-11-29T14:45:17.073" Score="10" ViewCount="1186" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is often heard is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy yo el que vine ayer a ... &quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I am the one who came yesterday to...) but I think that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy yo el que vino ayer a ... &quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the correct sentence because the object that performs the action is 'el que vino' and not &quot;yo&quot;, just that they end up being the same person  (if you are not convinced rephrase in the following order, which means the same: &quot;El que vino ayer a ..., soy yo.&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that the first alternative was definitely wrong and the second right, until I read that, for instance, in French both analogous sentences are accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Question&lt;/em&gt;: Are both correct in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T05:52:41.143" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T05:52:41.143" Title="&quot;Soy yo el que vine...&quot; or &quot;soy yo el que vino...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3115" CreationDate="2012-11-29T15:35:11.110" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both sentences are correct. The first one is a more colloquial wording, and the second one is more formal. According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5#413&quot;&gt;section 4.10&lt;/a&gt; of the article &lt;em&gt;Concordancia&lt;/em&gt; from the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the subject of the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is a first or second person singular&#xA;  pronoun (&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tú/vos&lt;/em&gt;), the verb of the relative clause can be&#xA;  either in the third person singular, in strict agreement with its&#xA;  subject, or in the first or second person singular, in agreement with&#xA;  the subject of the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5#413&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.10 Concordancia verbal en oraciones copulativas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.13. yo soy el que (o quien), tú eres o vos sos el que (o quien) + verbo. Se trata de oraciones copulativas enfáticas cuyo atributo es&#xA;  una oración de relativo sin antecedente expreso. Si el sujeto del&#xA;  verbo ser es un pronombre de primera o de segunda persona del singular&#xA;  (yo, tú/vos), el verbo de la oración de relativo puede ir,&#xA;  bien &lt;strong&gt;en tercera persona del singular, en concordancia estricta con su sujeto&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  gramatical (el/la que o quien), opción mayoritaria en el habla culta:&#xA;  «Yo soy el que manda acá» (Soriano León [Arg. 1986]); bien&#xA;  en &lt;strong&gt;primera o segunda persona del singular, concordando con el sujeto del verbo ser&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  opción habitual en el habla coloquial y que expresa mayor&#xA;  implicación afectiva por parte del hablante: «Por primera vez en mi&#xA;  vida yo soy la que tengo el control» (Santiago Sueño [P. Rico 1996]).&#xA;  Si se invierte el orden y la oración de relativo antecede al verbo&#xA;  ser, es menos frecuente que el verbo aparezca en primera o segunda&#xA;  persona; así, es más normal decir El que manda soy yo que El que mando&#xA;  soy yo. Cuando el sujeto de ser es un pronombre de primera o segunda&#xA;  persona del plural (nosotros, vosotros), el verbo de la oración de&#xA;  relativo no va nunca en tercera persona, sino que la concordancia se&#xA;  establece siempre con el pronombre personal: «Nosotros somos los que&#xA;  mandamos» (Chase Pavo [C. Rica 1996]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-11-29T16:08:05.187" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T16:08:05.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3111" CreationDate="2012-11-29T18:37:58.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el uso del idioma lo más apropiado (nótese que no digo &lt;em&gt;correcto&lt;/em&gt;, si la base de la pregunta es de origen religioso, este no es el lugar para contestarla) es decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay varios hombres llamados Jesús&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Por supuesto se puede decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encontré a varios Jesuses allí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ya que &lt;strong&gt;Jesus&lt;/strong&gt; es un &lt;strong&gt;substantivo&lt;/strong&gt; y se rige por las normas de ortografía del español sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;plurales&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;concordancia&lt;/a&gt;. pero es un uso despectivo del idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T18:37:58.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-30T05:51:10.440" Score="8" ViewCount="4041" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is Puerto Rican Spanish for &quot;John Doe&quot; or &quot;Jane Doe&quot;? Is it still Fulano de Tal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T08:18:11.703" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T08:18:11.703" Title="What is Spanish for &quot;John Doe&quot; in Puerto Rico?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3118" CreationDate="2012-11-30T07:41:32.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin_nombre#Otros_nombres_utilizados_alrededor_del_mundo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;According to the Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, it can be &quot;Fulano de Tal&quot;, &quot;Juan Pérez&quot; or &quot;Juan del Pueblo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-11-30T10:08:05.807" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T10:08:05.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3118" CreationDate="2012-11-30T10:18:02.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also used are &quot;Mengano&quot;, &quot;Zutano&quot;, &quot;Perengano&quot; and &quot;Perico de los Palotes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1161" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-11-30T10:50:02.640" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T10:50:02.640" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3059" CreationDate="2012-12-03T23:01:51.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal como yo entiendo estas frases, dependen del tiempo verbal en que estén conjugadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usadas en tiempo &lt;em&gt;presente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tomar un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;: se refiere al hecho de gastar u ocupar un lapso de tiempo para realizar una determinada tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El énfasis está en el tiempo que ocupa &lt;strong&gt;después de haber sido concluída&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Podríamos relacionarlo con el aspecto &lt;strong&gt;perfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevar un tiempo&lt;/em&gt;: se refiere a una tarea que todavía está siendo desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El énfasis está en que &lt;strong&gt;todavía no ha sido concluída&lt;/strong&gt; (y está todavía en proceso de terminar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conviene acompañarla de un verbo en gerundio (presente contínuo):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Podríamos relacionarlo con el aspecto &lt;strong&gt;imperfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usadas en tiempo &lt;em&gt;pasado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambas se refieren al tiempo ocupado en concluir la tarea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este caso, puede ser que llevar no suene tan bien como tomar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usadas en tiempo &lt;em&gt;futuro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambas se refieren al tiempo que se ocupará en concluir la tarea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este caso, llevar tampoco suena tan bien como tomar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluir el informe te toma unos tres días.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Llevan seis días buscando alojamiento definitivo, así que siguen en el hostal.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Llevamos un par de horas remando y aún no llegamos a destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me tomó menos tiempo de lo esperado contactarme con ellos.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Nos llevó dos horas encontrar el libro que buscábamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, respecto de las oraciones que has dado como ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una actividad que toma un tiempo considerable en ser desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el énfasis principal está puesto sobre el tiempo total que toma aquella tarea en ser terminada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una actividad que lleva un tiempo &lt;em&gt;siendo&lt;/em&gt; desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;esta oración (destacando que cambié &lt;em&gt;el ser&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;siendo&lt;/em&gt;) destaca el hecho que la tarea todavía está siendo desarrollada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T23:07:53.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3128" CreationDate="2012-12-04T02:09:37.310" Score="10" ViewCount="73968" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard the Spanish slang word &quot;chinga&quot; used in several popular movies/tv shows, as well as by other Spanish speakers, as the English word &quot;f*ck&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend denies the notion, saying &quot;chinga&quot; is not a common phrase for the English word mentioned above, and is not used by native speakers. I've heard it's Mexican slang, but am unsure if that's true or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard &quot;chinga&quot; used as &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;ck* in the popular TV series &quot;Breaking Bad&quot;, as well as &quot;Sons of Anarchy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where did the word originate from? (when used for my particular meaning)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me clarify, I'm looking for the origin and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;SLANG&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; uses of the word &quot;chinga&quot;, not any other derivation of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is considered slang, relating it to dictionary words is pretty meaningless. Slang can be considered a widely adopted meaning of an otherwise nonsensical word/phrase, I believe that true in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1166" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:11:29.147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:11:29.147" Title="&quot;Chinga&quot; - common slang? Origin?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3124" CreationDate="2012-12-04T09:21:17.773" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This appears to be one of those versatile slang words which can mean loads of things (many of them swearwords) depending on the context, region, dialect, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, your friend is definitely wrong about &lt;em&gt;chingar&lt;/em&gt; not meaning &lt;em&gt;to fuck&lt;/em&gt;, with lots of derivations: &lt;em&gt;chingarla&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to fuck up&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;chingar a alguien&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;fucking with someone&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pissing off someone&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;me chingaron&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;they fucked me&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;vete a la chingada&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;go fuck yourself&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plus a plethora of other meanings, not all of them rude. See &lt;em&gt;chingar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chingar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chingar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=chingar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;em&gt;chinga&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=80XrV8Aj32x5z6RDUoN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chinga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chingado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chingado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (RAE), &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=CFCGdod31DXX2RQvf462#hijo,_ja_de_la_chingada.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hijo de la chingada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (RAE), &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_profanity#References_to_sexual_acts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish profanity, References to sexual acts&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Real Academia, it originates from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cal%C3%B3_(Spanish_Romani)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caló&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;čingarár&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;to fight&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also relevant, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavio_Paz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Octavio Paz&lt;/a&gt;, Mexican Nobel Laureate in Literature, discussed this very term in his book &lt;em&gt;El laberinto de la soledad&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lainsignia.org/2007/julio/cul_009.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Chingada&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer: I'm not Mexican/Central American, where this word seems to have widest use, nor do I frequently use this word, though I'm not unfamiliar with it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T09:26:33.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3127" CreationDate="2012-12-04T11:01:12.030" Score="8" ViewCount="34030" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cualquier website en inglés frecuentemente podemos encontrar un botón o enlace &quot;&lt;em&gt;unsuscribe&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, para dar de baja una suscripción. ¿Cómo traducir esto en español en una sola palabra? Existen expresiones más largas como &quot;Dar de baja la suscripción&quot; o &quot;Cancelar la suscripción&quot;. Pero busco algo más compacto como &lt;em&gt;desuscribir&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desuscribir&lt;/em&gt; en principio es una palabra bien formada pero no aparece en el diccionario de la RAE, ¿sería correcto o suena demasiado artificial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T15:21:37.087" Title="¿Desuscripción? ¿Desuscribir?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3126" CreationDate="2012-12-04T11:22:47.450" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque «desuscribir» sea morfológicamente correcto, es preferible usar las equivalencias en español &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=darse+de+baja%2Cdesuscribirse%2Cdar+de+baja%2Cdesuscribir&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;con más solera&lt;/a&gt;, cuando estas existen y son perfectamente válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien dices, «dar de baja la suscripción» puede ser demasiado largo cuando hay que encajarlo en un botón o un espacio reducido dentro de un diseño maquetado. Personalmente, utilizaría «dar de baja», que tiene once caracteres, solo uno más que «unsubscribe», o «darse de baja», que tiene trece, dependiendo de lo que se vaya a dar de baja, una cosa externa o al propio usuario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:32:09.560" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:32:09.560" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3124" CreationDate="2012-12-04T15:15:02.323" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a mexican, I can tell you that even though Chewie is 100% right in all of his affirmations about the word &quot;chingar&quot; and its derivatives, your friend told you the correct thing as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain. The form &quot;chinga&quot; can have different meanings depending on the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As the conjugation of the singular third person of &quot;chingar&quot;. In this context it applies as Chewie explained in his answer, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que bien chinga. / He is fucking annoying. (would be the best&#xA;  translation of the use of this form) / He fucks well. (would be the&#xA;  literal translation although this is not the message that the phrase&#xA;  conveys).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Que chinga! / I cannot think of a good phrase in English for this use.&#xA;  Basically it is used when you have a job or chore to do and it is&#xA;  really hard, annoying or that you really do not want to do it. It also&#xA;  has the sexual connotation in that you are &quot;being screwed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As an exclamation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ah chingá! / ¡Ah chingao! /It could be like saying Really! or simply Whoa! Basically&#xA;  it is just an expression of surprise. Even though this expression has&#xA;  nothing to do with the word &quot;fuck&quot; it is a vulgar way to express&#xA;  yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as you can see, the word in most, maybe 99% of its uses, does have a sexual connotation and it may very well be related to the English term &quot;fuck&quot; but it does have, at least a single use in which it is not exactly that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T17:26:51.653" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T17:26:51.653" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3130" CreationDate="2012-12-04T17:42:05.363" Score="7" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ha surgido una duda en la oficina sobre la hora de salida, hay varias posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La hora de salida &lt;em&gt;es a las seis&lt;/em&gt;. (Suena bien).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La hora de salida &lt;em&gt;es las seis&lt;/em&gt;. (Suena raro).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La hora de salida &lt;em&gt;son las seis&lt;/em&gt;. (Suena raro).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La hora de salida &lt;em&gt;es la una&lt;/em&gt;. (Suena bien).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero es claramente correcto pero tenemos dudas sobre si son válidas las otras tres formas, hemos mirado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hora&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt; pero no menciona este caso. (En cualquier caso me temo que la hora de salida es a las siete :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1167" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T15:57:55.833" Title="¿La hora de salida es ...?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-12-04T18:03:31.473" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al &lt;strong&gt;responder&lt;/strong&gt;, para &quot;&lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; se utiliza en &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt; pero para &lt;strong&gt;las demás horas&lt;/strong&gt; se usa en &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt;. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es la una (de la tarde/mañana).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Son las dos (de la tarde/mañana).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo la &lt;strong&gt;pregunta&lt;/strong&gt; siempre va en &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt;. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿A qué hora es la salida? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta&lt;/strong&gt; 1: A las seis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta&lt;/strong&gt; 2: La hora de salida es a las seis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta&lt;/strong&gt; 3: La hora de salida es a la una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto lo podemos confirmar según lo que dice la RAE al respecto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hora&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hora2.&lt;/strong&gt; 1. Es la indicación del momento en que sucede o se hace una&#xA;  cosa en relación con cada una de las veinticuatro partes en que se&#xA;  divide el día. &lt;strong&gt;La pregunta que corresponde a la indicación de la&#xA;  hora se formula, en la lengua general culta, en singular: ¿Qué hora&#xA;  es?&lt;/strong&gt; (en ella, la palabra hora tiene el sentido genérico de ‘momento&#xA;  del día’). Su formulación en plural (¿Qué horas son?) es admisible,&#xA;  aunque menos recomendable, y se da con cierta frecuencia en algunos&#xA;  países de América, especialmente en el nivel popular: «—¿Qué horas&#xA;  son, compa? —Van a dar las cinco» (Campos Carne [Méx. 1982]). Solo es&#xA;  normal el plural en la frase hecha de intención reprobatoria ¿qué&#xA;  horas son estas?: «¿Cómo que qué horas son estas de llamar? ¡Pero si&#xA;  ha sido usted quien...!» (GaMay Operación [Esp. 1991]). &lt;strong&gt;En la&#xA;  respuesta, el verbo va en singular si se trata de la una (Es la una y&#xA;  diez) y en plural en el resto de los casos (Son las diez y media; Son&#xA;  las dos menos cuarto).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora respecto a por qué se utiliza la preposición &quot;a&quot; al preguntar y al responder, no encuentro una nota oficial en la RAE sin embargo de esa forma se utiliza aquí en México. Tambíen comunmente al preguntar se utiliza &quot;cuándo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuándo es la hora de salida?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuándo es la salida?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contestando tu pregunta tomando en cuenta lo dicho, el único ejemplo válido de los ejemplos que proprocionaste es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La hora de salida es a las seis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-12-04T19:12:44.757" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T19:12:44.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-12-04T18:14:19.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para entender porque suenan raro las opciones que especificas es necesario descomponer la oración de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La hora de salida -&gt; es el sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es -&gt; es el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a las seis -&gt; es un complemento del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que estamos hablando de &quot;la hora de salida&quot; que es singular, el verbo debe ser también en singular y por eso se usa &quot;es&quot; en lugar de &quot;son&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, también es importante usar la preposición &quot;a&quot; antes de decir la hora. Aquí no soy capaz de dar la explicación gramatical, simplemente te puedo decir que esa es la forma correcta de construir esta frase. Quizás alguien más podría complementar con esa explicación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T18:14:19.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="319" CreationDate="2012-12-05T12:45:21.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the usage of these two tenses is very similar to English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking in the 1st person, one difference is whether you have previously made a decision to do something, or you are making the decision at that point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Your mother is sick, have you been to visit her?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No, but I'm going    to visit her tomorrow&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. I had already planned to visit my mother tomorrow, prior to being asked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Your mother is sick, have you been to visit her?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No, but I'll visit her tomorrow&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. I have just made the decision to visit her now that I have found out she is sick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1168" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-12-05T15:02:31.113" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T15:02:31.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-12-05T15:57:55.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo prefiero, igual que la mayoría de los hablantes, la primera opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay al menos dos problemas aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero: la eterna duda singular-plural para designar un instante horario. Es claro que &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;las seis (horas)&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; es plural, gramaticalmente hablando. Sin embargo generalmente se usa como sintagma singular. Y es lógico, ya que en la mayoría de los usos (como el que nos ocupa) designa un objeto singular: &lt;strong&gt;un instante de tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;. En verdad, cuando decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;La oficina cierra [a las quince horas]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estamos diciendo, en forma abreviada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;La oficina cierra [en el instante en que el reloj marca las quince horas]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;La oficina cierra [en el instante en que han transcurrido quince horas desde el comienzo del día]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el complemento es realmente singular. (De paso, nótese que a veces se usa la expresión  &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;La oficina cierra [a la hora quince]&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, menos habitual y un poco dura, pero en este aspecto más clara.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por eso, es correcto que la pregunta y respuesta vayan en singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la hora de salida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La hora de salida es las seis de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El único caso en que se acepta el plural es para : ¿Qué hora/s es/son? Son las seis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto, de todas maneras, que suena un poco raro. Lo cual nos lleva a la segunda duda,&#xA;sobre la preposición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;La hora de salida es &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; las seis de la tarde&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De nuevo, ateniéndonos a la solo gramática, esto no es muy correcto, no hay que agregar la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; en este tipo de construcción. Se está confundiendo con la construcción &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Salimos a las seis de la tarde&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Pero el hablante tiende a hacerlo, probablemente para suavizar esa disonancia (plural aparente cuando se espera un complemento singular). Y mí, diga lo que dijere la RAE, me parece bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo relacionado (no totalmente equivalente). Si yo digo &amp;quot;El destino de esta donación es la sociedad de fomento&amp;quot;, no hay nada que objetar. Pero si el complemento es plural (aparente) como &amp;quot;los discapacitados&amp;quot;, dudamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El destino de esta donación es los discapacitados&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El destino de esta donación son los discapacitados&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El destino de esta donación es para los discapacitados&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna satisface. 1: choca el complemento plural con el verbo. 2: choca el verbo plural con el sujeto singular. 3: es gramaticalmente incorrecta, confunde complementos. Esta última opción es análoga a nuestra primera opción (agregar el 'a'), pero en este caso suena bastante peor; preferiríamos reformular la frase como&#xA;&amp;quot;El destino de esta donación es el conjunto de los discapacitados&amp;quot; (metemos la pluralidad en un singular). O &amp;quot;Esta donación está destinada a los discapacitados&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T15:57:55.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3136" CreationDate="2012-12-05T20:18:15.410" Score="4" ViewCount="5987" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta va al por qué de los nombres de los tiempos gramaticales. ¿Qué es lo que determina la perfección de un tiempo gramatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="981" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T14:16:57.807" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T14:16:57.807" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre un tiempo gramatical perfecto y uno imperfecto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3135" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-05T20:51:36.057" Score="10" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada de &quot;haber&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en lo &quot;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&quot; incluye este trozo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) &lt;strong&gt;haber de + infinitivo&lt;/strong&gt;. En el español general, esta perífrasis&#xA;  denota obligación, conveniencia o necesidad de que el sujeto realice&#xA;  la acción expresada por el verbo —o, si el infinitivo es pasivo, de&#xA;  que le suceda lo expresado por el verbo— y equivale a tener que,&#xA;  fórmula preferida en el habla corriente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;He de reconocer que al principio me incomodó la idea de encontrármelo durante la travesía&lt;/em&gt;» (Padilla Imposibilidad [Méx. 1994]); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Hubimos de esperar varios meses hasta conseguir recursos económicos&lt;/em&gt;» (Laín Descargo [Esp. 1976]);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;La imagen de la Virgen hubo de ser retirada&lt;/em&gt;» (Hora [Guat.] 14.7.97).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A veces expresa, simplemente, acción futura: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«¡No he de morir hasta enmendarlo!» (Cuzzani Cortés [Arg. 1988]); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«Ni siquiera la guerra habría de aliviar el temor y el respeto que imponía aquel valle a trasmano» (Benet Saúl [Esp. 1980]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tampoco en el caso de esta perífrasis es admisible en la lengua culta el uso de la forma habemos&#xA;  para la primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«Ahora los perdedores habemos de ahogar las penas en el vino y pensar en&#xA;    otras cosas» (RdgzMéndez Bodas [Esp. 1976]); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;debió decirse hemos de ahogar las penas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los propósitos de esta cuestión, consideremos solamente la acepción de futuridad. Me gustaría haceros dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Con qué frecuencia es &quot;haber de&quot; usado con esta acepción?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuáles son los matices semánticos de esta futuridad?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy un hablante nativo de portugués y la forma perifrásica &quot;haver de&quot; es muy corriente, principalmente en la expresión oral. También en el portugués, es raro ver en textos modernos &quot;haver de&quot; expresar primariamente necesidad (como &quot;tener que&quot;). Antes comporta una idea de porvenir, especialmente con una componente de deseo, promesa (generalmente vaga), órdenes (poco vigorosas, pues que apuntan para un futuro incierto), vaticinio, confianza o (en lo imperfecto) arrepentimiento o lamento (en &quot;havia de ter visitado a exposição enquanto esteve aberta&quot;, el significado de &quot;havia&quot; es semejante a &quot;debía&quot;). ¿Cuánto (si algo) de esta caracterización es aplicable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, apuntad los errores que encontraréis en esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1169" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T14:24:29.180" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T14:24:29.180" Title="&quot;Haber de&quot; y futuridad" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3134" CreationDate="2012-12-05T20:57:54.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las palabras &lt;em&gt;perfecto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; en los tiempos verbales indican el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspecto_gramatical&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aspecto gramatical&lt;/a&gt; del verbo, que sirve para indicar matices como el flujo temporal interno de la acción o si esta ha finalizado ya en el tiempo de referencia de la oración. Los tiempos con aspecto perfectivo ponen énfasis en que la acción ha finalizado y está bien delimitada en el tiempo, mientras que los de aspecto imperfectivo ponen énfasis en el transcurso temporal de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspecto_gramatical&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aspecto gramatical&lt;/a&gt;, en la Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;aspecto gramatical&lt;/strong&gt; o aspecto verbal, en lingüística, es una&#xA;  propiedad que poseen los verbos y las perífrasis verbales, para&#xA;  señalar si la acción que expresan ha concluido o no en el instante de&#xA;  referencia indicado en la oración, es decir, se refiere a los&#xA;  diferentes estados del desarrollo de la acción expresada por el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si posee un &lt;strong&gt;aspecto perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;aspecto perfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;, que señala la&#xA;  acción acabada (puntual, finita, completada) en el tiempo de que se&#xA;  trate, como el &lt;strong&gt;aspecto imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;aspecto imperfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;, que señala&#xA;  una acción inacabada (durativa, en curso de realización) en el tiempo&#xA;  externo de que se trate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia en inglés &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tiene una explicación más detallada&lt;/a&gt;. Traduzco libremente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En lingüística, el aspecto gramatical de un verbo es una categoría&#xA;  gramatical que define el flujo temporal (o falta del mismo) de una&#xA;  acción, suceso o estado, desde el punto de vista del hablante. Una&#xA;  distinción básica es en relación a si el hablante considera que la&#xA;  situación está delimitada y es unitaria, sin referencia a ningún flujo&#xA;  de tiempo durante la situación («Yo comí»), o sin referencia a ninguna&#xA;  delimitación temporal pero con referencia a la naturaleza del flujo&#xA;  del tiempo durante la situación («Yo comía», «Yo solía comer», «Yo&#xA;  estaba comiendo»). La visión unitaria, sin flujo temporal interno, se&#xA;  conoce como &lt;strong&gt;aspecto perfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que la visión no&#xA;  delimitada, con referencia al flujo temporal, se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;aspecto&#xA;  imperfectivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-12-05T21:10:10.753" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T21:10:10.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3189" CreationDate="2012-12-06T06:08:54.920" Score="5" ViewCount="48702" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, tanto &lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;igualmente&lt;/em&gt; puede ser adverbio. ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre los dos (con ese significado)? ¿Son sinónimos exactos, o se usan de maneras distintas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T15:12:06.350" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre igual (adverbio) e igualmente?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3138" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3157" CreationDate="2012-12-06T06:13:20.457" Score="6" ViewCount="1823" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el lenguaje hablado, ¿cómo se pronuncia las siglas RAE (Real Academia Española)? ¿Es con letras separadas, como si fuera una palabra unida, o algo más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T07:16:49.700" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia RAE?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3138" CreationDate="2012-12-06T07:13:01.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta respuesta no tiene referencias, es en base a mi experiencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre la he escuchado y pronunciado como si fuese una sola palabra: RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; como siglas, &quot;erre&quot; &quot;a&quot; &quot;e&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuchalo tu mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;soundcloud-embed&quot;&gt;&#xD;&#xA;            &lt;iframe src=&quot;https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/97474110?show_artwork=false&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;116&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; frameborder=&quot;no&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&#xD;&#xA;            &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="83" LastEditDate="2013-06-20T07:16:49.700" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T07:16:49.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3138" CreationDate="2012-12-06T14:46:28.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general, al menos así ha sido en mi experiencia, en español nunca se leen acrónimos con las letras sino como una sóla palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T14:46:28.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3137" CreationDate="2012-12-06T18:06:27.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual es un adjetivo y algunas veces puede ser usado como adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como Adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Igual' puede ser usado cuando queremos expresar 'equivalencia' (En Inglés '&lt;em&gt;equal&lt;/em&gt;').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las dos monedas son iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como Adverbio:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Igual' puede ser usado cuando queremos expresar 'De la misma manera'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque no es hermoso, igual lo adoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Igualmente' es siempre usado como un adverbio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;'Igualmente' puede ser usado cuando queremos expresar 'con igualdad' (En ingles equally)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro ladra en la madrugada igualmente que en la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastEditorUserId="1272" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T08:16:31.547" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T08:16:31.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3144" CreationDate="2012-12-07T01:48:22.890" Score="5" ViewCount="5259" Body="&lt;p&gt;En más de una ocasión he leído carteles que dicen algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Por favor,] &lt;strong&gt;cuide sus efectos personales&lt;/strong&gt; [, no nos responsabilizamos por pérdidas]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O algunas variaciones siempre usando la palabra &lt;strong&gt;efecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ikdW9.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Imagen de ejemplo&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he entendido tal afirmación como sinónimo de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[blah, bla] &lt;em&gt;cuide sus pertenencias&lt;/em&gt; [bla, bla].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al consultar la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/efecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;efecto&lt;/a&gt; en el diccionario de la RAE, no encuentro un significado de &lt;em&gt;pertenencia&lt;/em&gt; para dicha palabra, lo más cercano es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;4.&lt;/em&gt; m. Artículo de comercio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a mi manera de ver las cosas, no es suficiente. Por ejemplo, puedo llevar dentro de mis pertenencias una cartera hecha por mi mismo, o el suéter que me hizo mi tía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, buscándo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/efecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimos de efecto&lt;/a&gt; en WordReference, encuentro esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;enseres, mercadería, mercancía, muestras, productos, útiles, artículos, &lt;strong&gt;pertenencias&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis dudas concretas son: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿es correcto el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;pertenencia&lt;/em&gt; en este caso? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no lo es, ¿qué significa realmente la frase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿de donde proviene su uso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sería correcto usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;pertenencia&lt;/em&gt; en otros casos, por ejemplo: estoy vendiendo mis efectos? (la cual no suena natural para mi).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T02:18:10.773" Title="De donde proviene la frase &quot;cuide sus efectos personales&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3143" CreationDate="2012-12-07T02:11:38.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según lo indicado en el siguiente punto de la RAE sí es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/efecto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;efecto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9 . m. pl. Bienes, muebles, enseres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &amp;quot;pl&amp;quot; de plural es decir como en el caso de &amp;quot;efectos personales&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, como nativo nunca he oido que se emplee en otro caso con la misma definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T02:11:38.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3146" CreationDate="2012-12-07T03:52:51.217" Score="4" ViewCount="1014" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there are various words to express a small quality of something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a couple&lt;/strong&gt; (two of something)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a few&lt;/strong&gt; (a small number, maybe around 3-5)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a handful&lt;/strong&gt; (another vague expression for a small amount)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;several&lt;/strong&gt; (more than a few, but less than many)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What ways are there to express this concept in Spanish? For each word, how exactly is it used? In other words, about how many objects does it refer to, and does it generally mean a larger or smaller quantity than the other options?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T06:37:14.350" Title="Spanish words for couple, few, handful, several, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3145" CreationDate="2012-12-07T06:37:14.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;un par&lt;/strong&gt; (two of something)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;unos pocos&lt;/strong&gt; (a small number)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;un puñado&lt;/strong&gt; (same as a &lt;em&gt;handful&lt;/em&gt;, both literally and actually)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;several&lt;/em&gt;, I think the context might affect the translation a big deal. You might use, for example, &lt;strong&gt;varios&lt;/strong&gt;, which actually means just “more than one”, but is the right translation in many cases where &lt;em&gt;several&lt;/em&gt; is used in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for “more than a handful”, you could probably use something else: &lt;strong&gt;unos cuantos&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bastantes&lt;/strong&gt;, or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T06:37:14.350" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3137" CreationDate="2012-12-07T20:09:48.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que yo sepa, &lt;strong&gt;no hay diferencia&lt;/strong&gt; en su uso como adverbios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;solamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2012-12-07T23:03:24.183" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T23:03:24.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3149" CreationDate="2012-12-08T15:40:59.043" Score="9" ViewCount="11233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy en dia, en México, se dice 'antro' a un club/discoteca o simplemente un bar. ¿De dónde viene la palabra? ¿Cuándo se empezó a usar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-03-10T12:18:45.533" LastActivityDate="2020-03-10T12:18:45.533" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra 'antro'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3148" CreationDate="2012-12-08T17:04:24.133" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es/antro&quot;&gt;Viene&lt;/a&gt; del latín &lt;em&gt;antrus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del griego &lt;em&gt;ἄντρον&lt;/em&gt; caverna. Lo de usarse para indicar un sitio de vida nocturna es un mejicanismo por extensión del significado 2. &lt;em&gt;m. Local, establecimiento, vivienda, etc., de mal aspecto o reputación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastActivityDate="2012-12-08T17:04:24.133" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3151" CreationDate="2012-12-08T19:32:33.430" Score="8" ViewCount="2511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I bought a cake like snack in Costa Rica called Gato Guayaba.  I was trying to figure out what was in it, so I read the following ingredients list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ingredientes: Margarina, huevos, royal, azùcar, harina y guayaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xHhtS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Gato Guayaba label&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know margarine, eggs, sugar, flour, and guava, but what is royal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1182" LastEditorUserId="1182" LastEditDate="2012-12-08T22:44:03.883" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T20:05:49.487" Title="What is the ingredient &quot;royal&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-12-08T20:12:32.833" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most probably, it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baking_powder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;baking powder&lt;/a&gt; of the brand &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clabbergirl.com/Brands/Royal-Baking-Powder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Royal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2015-11-17T20:05:49.487" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T20:05:49.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3040" CreationDate="2012-12-08T22:14:28.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where did you find that &quot;Mr. Lucky becomes Latin&quot; title? It makes no sense. The only reference I know is, as @Ernesto Marrero says, Henry Mancini's soundtrack to the Mr. Lucky's series.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a version by Mancini called &quot;Mr. Lucky (goes Latin)&quot; and a good translation would be &quot;Mr. Lucky a lo latino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Mr Lucky al estilo latino&quot; that Ernesto proposes could be the translation of &quot;Mr. Lucky (Latin style)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1183" LastActivityDate="2012-12-08T22:14:28.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-12-08T22:28:52.070" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Chewie pointed out,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Most probably, it is baking powder of the brand Royal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The appropriate name is &quot;levadura en polvo&quot; in Spain or &quot;polvos de hornear&quot; in some South American countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;Royal&lt;/em&gt; is a generic name such as using &quot;Scotch tape&quot; instead of &quot;sticky tape&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/MXre33F.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;A box of Royal baking powder&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1183" LastEditorUserId="1183" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T18:12:20.327" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T18:12:20.327" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3159" CreationDate="2012-12-10T00:41:51.637" Score="5" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Será que los hispanoablantes nativos hacemos más uso de recursos literarios en chats, foros etc. que como se acostumbra en el idioma inglés? ¿A qué se deberá esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo al hacer una busqueda avanzada en &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&#xA;WordReference Forums&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero en español, buscando por la palabra &amp;quot;hola&amp;quot;, y ordenando por el mayor numero de respuestas, obtenido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=209392&amp;amp;highlight=hola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=209392&amp;amp;highlight=hola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego en inglés, buscando por la palabra &amp;quot;Hi&amp;quot;, y ordenando de la misma forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=87385&amp;amp;highlight=hi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=87385&amp;amp;highlight=hi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego de leer algunos comentarios, no puedo evitar tener un sentimiento generalizado, de que en español se usan mas fraces que no brindan informacion adicional dentro del contexto, sino que sirven más bien para &amp;quot;embellecer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-27T22:19:53.943" LastActivityDate="2020-12-27T22:19:53.943" Title="¿Se recurre a la retórica y otros recursos lingüísticos embellecedores con más frecuencia en español que en inglés?" Tags="&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3138" CreationDate="2012-12-10T10:04:59.313" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es lo que dice el DPD sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sigla&quot;&gt;la pronunciación de las siglas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Tipos de siglas según su lectura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Hay siglas que se leen tal como se escriben, las cuales reciben&#xA;  también el nombre de acrónimos (→ acrónimo): ONU, OTAN, láser, ovni.&#xA;  Muchas de estas siglas acaban incorporándose como sustantivos al&#xA;  léxico común. Cuando una sigla está compuesta solo por vocales, cada&#xA;  una de ellas se pronuncia de manera independiente y conserva su acento&#xA;  fonético: OEA (Organización de Estados Americanos) se pronuncia&#xA;  [ó-é-á].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Hay siglas cuya forma impronunciable obliga a leerlas con deletreo:&#xA;  FBI [éfe-bé-í], DDT [dé-dé-té], KGB [ká-jé-bé]. Integrando las vocales&#xA;  necesarias para su pronunciación, se crean a veces, a partir de estas&#xA;  siglas, nuevas palabras: elepé (de LP, sigla del ingl. long play&#xA;  ‘larga duración’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Hay siglas que se leen combinando ambos métodos: CD-ROM&#xA;  [se-de-rrón, ze-de-rrón] (sigla del ingl. Compact Disc Read-Only&#xA;  Memory ‘disco compacto de solo lectura’). También en este caso pueden&#xA;  generarse palabras a partir de la sigla: cederrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si se puede leer, se lee&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si no se puede leer o son todo vocales, se deletrea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a veces, se mezcla lectura con deletreo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T10:04:59.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="456" CreationDate="2012-12-10T14:06:25.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are thousands of dictionary lemmas with multiple spellings. By doing some crazy scripting, I've compiled a list of some 4000+. Many times, the distinguishing element is an accent, but most of the time it's a letter insertion, deletion or substitution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't post all of them here without cluttering everything up, but for the sake of completeness, I've compiled the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/static/multigrafias.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;whole list of dictionary lemmas with multiple spellings&lt;/a&gt; (self-promotion disclaimer: I'm the author of Dirae), admitted by the Diccionario de la Real Academia Española, sorted by frequency of use in the Spanish language (most common words at the top). The heuristics used to produce the list are a bit rough, so there may have slipped in several false positives, and there may be many false negatives missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a small relevant subset:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ablanedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ablanedo o ablanero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=achichincle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;achichincle, achichinque o achichintle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ademprio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ademprio o ademprío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aeromancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aeromancia o aeromancía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aerostato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aerostato o aeróstato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aer%C3%B3bic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aeróbic o aerobic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=afrodis%C3%ADaco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;afrodisíaco, ca o afrodisiaco, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=agar-agar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agar-agar o agaragar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=agrafia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agrafia o agrafía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aguaucle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguaucle o aguautle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aguazul&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguazul o aguazur&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alabastrita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alabastrita o alabastrites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alacaluf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alacaluf o alacalufe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alauda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alauda o alaude&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alaz%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alazán, na o alazano, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alcac%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcací o alcacil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aldeorrio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aldeorrio o aldeorro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alectomancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alectomancia o alectomancía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=alfoliero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alfoliero o alfolinero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aljarfa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aljarfa o aljarfe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=almarraja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almarraja o almarraza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=almoc%C3%A1rabe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almocárabe o almocarbe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=almogavar%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almogavaría o almogavería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=almoh%C3%A1ter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almoháter o almohatre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T11:10:53.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3155" CreationDate="2012-12-11T18:18:46.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad, los hablantes &lt;em&gt;nativos&lt;/em&gt; del inglés usan el lenguaje retórico con mayor frecuencia y más propiedad que la mayoría de los hablantes &lt;em&gt;nativos&lt;/em&gt; del castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo se reduce a la educación. En general, una persona nacida y educada en USA, el Reino Unido e Irlanda, Australia, Nueva Zelandia, Sur Africa y paises aledaños (los únicos que pueden ser llamados &lt;em&gt;hablantes nativos&lt;/em&gt;) reciben en comparación con los hablantes del castellano, una mejor formación en gramática y literatura de su propio idioma durante los ciclos de educación básica. Esto también se aplica a hablantes bilingües de nivel 4 y 5 (nivel 5 es alguien que habla un segundo idioma con el mismo conocimiento, habilidad y fluidez que un hablante nativo). Esto no quiere decir que en general los angloparlantes escriban o hablen su lengua mejor que nosotros los hispanohablantes. La mayoría falla en el intento, igual que nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos factores. Solo quiero mencionar un par:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, los hablantes nativos de la lengua inglesa tienden a &lt;strong&gt;leer mucho más&lt;/strong&gt; que los de lengua castellana, por tanto, su habilidad y comando del lenguaje es mayor simplemente por que se exponen más a formas literarias del lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segundo, los datos que ofreces no son indicativos de la realidad pues el inglés es la lengua franca de Internet y en un foro sobre la lengua inglesa encontrarás que la gran mayoría de quienes participan no son hablantes nativos. Cuando tu eres un hablante nativo o un bilingüe avanzado lo detectarás inmediatamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2012-12-20T02:30:12.050" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T02:30:12.050" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3148" CreationDate="2012-12-12T00:20:58.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la Real Academia Española incluye la etimología de todas sus entradas. Un buen truco a recordar para cualquier duda etimológica básica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/antro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/antro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. antrum y este del gr. ἄντρον).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España antro solo se utiliza para aquellos bares de mal aspecto y / o reputación. Normalmente se aplica a bares o restaurantes, no tanto a otro tipo de locales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T00:20:58.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3135" CreationDate="2012-12-12T00:26:26.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso de futuridad, es muy poco utilizada en el lenguaje oral. Suena bastante literario. En el resto de usos es más común en lenguaje oral, aunque no deja de ser algo formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T00:26:26.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3162" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-12T23:06:22.510" Score="13" ViewCount="4671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently started studying Spanish (Latin American) with Rosetta Stone. I think I'm doing trilled &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;'s right but I'm not sure if I'm doing single &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;'s right. Are they supposed to have a single trill, or no trill? Please help me learn how to pronounce a single &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1191" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-12-13T08:03:44.577" LastActivityDate="2014-07-26T10:34:32.280" Title="Help me pronounce single &quot;r&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-13T20:18:29.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré algunos videos en Youtube que explica los detalles de la pronunciación de la letra R, con ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz8tNXuX0nA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz8tNXuX0nA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYUMz2vY3c8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYUMz2vY3c8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T20:18:29.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="900" CreationDate="2012-12-13T23:22:52.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;from modern Chilean usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You are wrong.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1193" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T23:22:52.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3138" CreationDate="2012-12-16T04:06:39.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al decir verdad, yo no supe de la existencia de las siglas RAE hasta que me cambiê de país y necesitê un diccionario (gracias Google!). En mi país siempre se la nombró con su nombre completo: Real Academia Española :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="850" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T04:06:39.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-16T16:31:34.543" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think is very similar to the english 'r' but you have to put your tongue closer to the teeth. You can also try to understand this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_tap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_tap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1194" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-12-17T09:25:26.470" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T09:25:26.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3171" CreationDate="2012-12-17T14:47:44.057" Score="5" ViewCount="1873" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existen palabras de uso común que contengan las cinco diferentes vocales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T17:00:10.810" Title="¿Existen palabras de uso común que contengan las cinco diferentes vocales?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2012-12-17T14:55:16.593" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, existen. Por ejemplo: &lt;code&gt;murciélago&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;abuelito&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;arquitecto&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.solosequenosenada.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/palabras_con_todas_las_vocales.txt&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; hay una lista con más de 40.000 palabras pentavocálicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T14:55:16.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2012-12-17T15:24:54.377" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE recoge 1420 palabras con las cinco vocales. Son muchas menos que las que aporta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3170/106&quot;&gt;angus en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; porque aquí no se incluyen todas las conjugaciones, enclíticos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como preguntas por palabras de uso común, te pongo aquí las diez primeras por su frecuencia de uso en el español, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/lfrecuencias.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corpus CREA&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;consecuencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ayuntamiento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;funcionamiento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preocupación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estadounidense&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entusiasmo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;revolucionario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;documentación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;educativo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;universitario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T09:24:50.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-17T16:24:55.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience (4 years study of Castilian Spanish, 7 years of Latin Spanish conversations [mostly Colombian style]), for the Latin style Spanish at least, the single trill is what I use and everyone understands it well and I haven't had anyone correct me yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; similar to the English 'r' only in the constant sound the 'r' produces. The English 'r' starts with the lips together and pointing out while pulling them back and widening them, while a single trill is more like a single roll of the tongue from top to bottom while emitting a very quick English 'r' type of sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, while you don't mention it, I think it's worthwhile pointing out that a single 'r' at the beginning of a word is rolled like a double 'rr' (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_trill&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alveolar trill&lt;/a&gt;). However, I find that a single 'r' at the end of a word is like a whispering trill with a slight English 'r' sound. In study, they might make you have the 'r' at the end be just like a strong double 'rr', but in actual conversation with Latin people you will probably never hear it emphasized like that (at least I haven't yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1195" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T16:24:55.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3174" CreationDate="2012-12-17T21:36:27.857" Score="9" ViewCount="598" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quiero anidar pensamientos con paréntesis (tiendo a abusar de ellos sin querer (deformación profesional)), ¿es correcto en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T18:18:27.640" Title="¿Es correcto anidar paréntesis en una frase?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3173" CreationDate="2012-12-17T23:10:20.360" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene nada de malo, sin duda. Si vas a anidar algo dentro de una proposición que ya esté en paréntesis, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Par%C3%A9ntesis#Usos&quot;&gt;debes usar los corchetes&lt;/a&gt; [ ] o las rayas para evitar así los equívocos a los que la repetición de paréntesis puede inducir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si dentro de un paréntesis es necesario intercalar una nueva aclaración, esta aparecerá entre corchetes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Una de las telenovelas de mayor arraigo popular que produce Televisa lo es 'Cuna de lobos' (la que muchos consideran el mejor culebrón mexicano [producido por Carlos Olmos] de todos los tiempos), programa que en su momento paraliza y cautiva a una audiencia mexicana enorme»&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te miento; yo por mi parte optaría por no formular una oración tan ofuscada por la ortografía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1196" LastEditorUserId="1196" LastEditDate="2012-12-18T18:18:27.640" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T18:18:27.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-18T03:56:47.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest sound in American English is a soft d or t. Think about really enunciating a strong d or t and then do the opposite. In both sounds your tongue taps the roof of your mouth. Whereas the tongue touches quite close to your teeth for a t sound, try moving it back towards the middle of the roof of your mouth. Tap your tongue softly as you make the sound, touching with most of the front of your tongue, not just the tip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not too dissimilar to the soft d and t sounds in the following American English words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The tt in gotta or a lotta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The t in water&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The dd in muddy&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The d in modern  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try saying the following Spanish words with this in mind, keeping the r's (d's) soft:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Say cara like cahdah&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Say para like pahdah&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Say oro like ohdoh  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's always worked really well for me. Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2012-12-22T19:30:05.200" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T19:30:05.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3180" CreationDate="2012-12-18T14:12:10.110" Score="12" ViewCount="1949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber cómo se llama cuando los sonidos de las vocales escritas suenan siempre de la misma manera al pronunciarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez me topé con la definición, pero esta vez no tuve mucha suerte en Google, y creí conveniente hacer la pregunta acá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2012-12-18T15:25:56.323" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T17:11:30.507" Title="¿Cómo se llama la característica que tiene el español, y otros idiomas, por la que las vocales siempre se pronuncian de la misma manera?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3176" CreationDate="2012-12-18T15:38:10.350" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si hay otros términos para referirse al mismo hecho, pero yo lo he visto escrito como idioma u ortografía «&lt;strong&gt;transparentes&lt;/strong&gt;». Es decir, que posee un sistema ortográfico en el que existe un alto grado de correspondencia entre los grafemas (símbolos escritos) y los fonemas (sonidos pronunciados). Esto no se reduce a las vocales, sino que abarca también a las consonantes. El español, el ruso o el italiano están entre esos idiomas. El francés e inglés se consideran más «opacos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un gran artículo sobre el tema (lo siento, en inglés) titulado &lt;a href=&quot;http://lrc.salemstate.edu/aske/courses/readings/The_Transparency_of_Spanish_Orthography_By_Ian_Mackenzie.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Transparency of Spanish Orthography&lt;/a&gt;, del que traduzco una parte de la introducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A diferencia de sus homólogos inglés o francés, el sistema ortográfico&#xA;  del español está diseñado para expresar lo más transparentemente&#xA;  posible las relaciones sonido-símbolo. De hecho, la mayoría de los&#xA;  expertos institucionales del idioma español tratan a la ortografía&#xA;  como una rama de la fonología descriptiva. Por ejemplo, en su &lt;em&gt;Esbozo&#xA;  de una Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;, la Real Academia&#xA;  Española incluye un capítulo sobre la ortografía en la sección que&#xA;  trata sobre la fonología. El párrafo de introducción de ese capítulo&#xA;  contiene la siguiente afirmación reveladora: «En este [capítulo]...&#xA;  veremos... el sistema establecido por oposiciones [fonéticas]&#xA;  distintivas, esto es, especificamos un solo símbolo para cada fonema».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más info: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_depth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_depth&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_orthography&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_orthography&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T17:11:30.507" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T17:11:30.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3179" CreationDate="2012-12-18T16:18:01.943" Score="5" ViewCount="4978" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ciencias computacionales es común utilizar el término &quot;modularizar&quot;, para denotar algo que se divide en módulos (herencia del inglés &quot;modularize&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, mi procesador de textos (Word) no reconoce &quot;modularizar&quot; como una palabra válida. El resultado de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=modularizar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE para modularizar&lt;/a&gt; también sugiere que la palabra no existe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero luego tenemos el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=izar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-izar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-izar.&#xA;&#xA;(Del lat. -izāre).&#xA;&#xA;1. suf. Forma verbos que denotan una acción cuyo resultado implica el significado del &#xA;sustantivo o del adjetivo básicos, bien por reducción del complemento directo a cierto &#xA;estado, en los transitivos, como en carbonizar, esclavizar, impermeabilizar, bien por &#xA;la actitud del sujeto, en los intransitivos. Escrupulizar, simpatizar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto entonces suponer que el sufijo -izar da validez a &quot;modularizar&quot; y que por lo tanto es una palabra válida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien puedo escribir &lt;em&gt;dividir en módulos&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;modularizar&lt;/em&gt;, prefiero utilizar un solo término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe otra palabra para esta idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T14:31:47.257" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T14:31:47.257" Title="¿Existe la palabra &quot;modularizar&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3178" CreationDate="2012-12-18T17:26:15.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modularidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;se usa&lt;/a&gt; palabras &lt;code&gt;modularidad&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;modularización&lt;/code&gt;, aunque no se encuentran en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccinario de RAE&lt;/a&gt;. Por tanto me parece logico usar &lt;code&gt;modularizar&lt;/code&gt;. Se puede encontrar varios ejemplos con dicha palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sidar.org/recur/desdi/traduc/es/xhtml/modxhtml/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sidar.org/recur/desdi/traduc/es/xhtml/modxhtml/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fio.unicen.edu.ar/usuario/ariera/b6-0/Tutoriales/tut_Modularizacion.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fio.unicen.edu.ar/usuario/ariera/b6-0/Tutoriales/tut_Modularizacion.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sc.ehu.es/sfwseec/reec/reec12/reec1210.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sc.ehu.es/sfwseec/reec/reec12/reec1210.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay que confundir &lt;code&gt;modularización&lt;/code&gt; (y verbo &lt;code&gt;modularizar&lt;/code&gt;) con &lt;code&gt;modulación&lt;/code&gt; (y verbo &lt;code&gt;modular&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulaci%C3%B3n_%28telecomunicaci%C3%B3n%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Modulación&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a variacion de un parametro (amplitud o frequencia) de una onda y no tiene nada que ver con los módulos . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="111" LastEditDate="2013-04-22T10:07:21.413" LastActivityDate="2013-04-22T10:07:21.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3176" CreationDate="2012-12-18T17:35:05.380" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama lenguaje con &lt;strong&gt;ortografía fonológica&lt;/strong&gt; (English: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_orthography&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;phonemic orthography&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En una ortografía fonológica cada &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafema&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;grafema&lt;/a&gt; se corresponde con un&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonema&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fonema&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T17:35:05.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3178" CreationDate="2012-12-18T21:07:08.477" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programaci%C3%B3n_modular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programaci%C3%B3n_modular&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Programación modular es el término correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T21:07:08.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3137" CreationDate="2012-12-18T21:37:49.457" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual (funcionando como adverbio) y el adverbio igualmente. Tienen exactamente el mismo significado. Como nota curiosa, cuando se utiliza igual como adverbio siempre se escribe obligatoriamente que detrás. Ver: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lenguajealdia.blogspot.com.es/2008/02/igual-adjetivo-y-adverbio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lenguajealdia.blogspot.com.es/2008/02/igual-adjetivo-y-adverbio.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1102" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T21:37:49.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3185" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-19T07:27:39.800" Score="15" ViewCount="15893" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I threw a snowball (or dodgeball) at someone and it hit them, how would I say :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I got you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1200" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-30T19:40:15.593" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T16:36:29.563" Title="How do you say &quot;I got you!&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-12-19T07:40:17.847" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I think &lt;strong&gt;you wouldn’t&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the person looks back at you, you would probably just smile to let him/her know it’s just a game. Nothing else needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1095" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T07:40:17.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-12-19T08:37:13.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;[DISCLAIMER : I'm not a native speaker, so even though I've been living for 10 years in Spain, there sure are better translations.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Te he pillado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Pillado/a!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it's really kids-friendly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it might not have some different meaning in other Spanish-speaking countries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T08:37:13.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-12-19T09:03:31.477" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3187/1149&quot;&gt;Alexis says&lt;/a&gt;, a good translation to that could be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Te pillé!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but I don't really picture myself saying that when hitting someone with a snowball. More like when playing &quot;el pillar&quot; (the tag game), &quot;escondite&quot; (hide-and-seek) or the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you could say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Toma eso!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which roughly means &quot;Take that!&quot;, or perhaps &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Chúpate esa!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which could be translated to &quot;Eat that!&quot; or &quot;Bite the dust!&quot;. But these are arguably harsher things to say to a young girl :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T09:03:31.477" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3137" CreationDate="2012-12-19T11:34:27.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si consultamos el DRAE, podemos ver que si bien ambos pueden utilizarse como adverbios (&lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt; también puede ser adjetivo) el significado es distinto y por tanto su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KwnRYR3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;igualmente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. m. Con igualdad.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. m. También, asimismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=tKOfxXxw7DXX20BRavrG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;igual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (DLE 2001) es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. m. De la misma manera.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. m. Arg. y Ur. A pesar de todo, no obstante. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Aunque mañana llueva, igual salimos de paseo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. duda coloq. quizá. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Igual mañana nieva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos decir &lt;em&gt;Igual mañana nieva&lt;/em&gt; pero &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; podemos decir &lt;em&gt;Igualmente mañana nieva&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T08:00:18.283" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T08:00:18.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-12-19T14:46:28.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like many have said before, &quot;¡Te pillé!&quot; is the most formal translation; but it does sound quite off in many latin american countries (where the verb &lt;em&gt;pillar&lt;/em&gt; is not at all used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you could use a more broad: &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Te atiné!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; which is more akin to &lt;em&gt;I hit the mark&lt;/em&gt; but manages to be a more neutral translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T14:46:28.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-12-19T14:46:51.113" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am pretty sure that there will be differences depending on the country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico you would say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Te di!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; specifically to say if you hit someone with a snowball or when playing dodgeball.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just for the sake of completing the answer based on the other discussions. I believe, and this is my personal opinion since this is not a common phrase for Mexico, that &quot;te pillé&quot; is more accurate when you find someone as when playing hide and seek for which in my country you would say &quot;te encontré&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T13:43:15.013" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T13:43:15.013" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-19T18:29:47.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/spanish/frameset.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This is an absolutely fabulous site&lt;/a&gt; that not only explains the various elements of the mouth (articulatory anatomy) and how they contribute to speech, but also provides animations, audio and video.  It is available in English, German, and Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's a fun site to spend some time browsing but you will need Flash to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-12-19T20:58:30.333" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T20:58:30.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-12-19T20:27:21.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say &quot;pot of tea&quot; out loud. Gradually say it quicker and quicker, maintaining pronunciation as best as possible. You will notice that the 't' from 'pot' and sounds less and less like a 't' and more like the Spanish single 'r'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, as you say it faster and faster, it sounds more and more like the Spanish &quot;para ti&quot; (&quot;for you&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T20:27:21.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3196" CreationDate="2012-12-19T22:05:39.887" Score="7" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si alguien sabe cuál es la forma correcta de expresar algo que se encogerá:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;'Se me van encoger' o 'Se me van &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; encoger'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-12-20T09:30:35.797" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T13:53:47.953" Title="'Se me van encoger' o 'se me van a encoger'" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3197" CreationDate="2012-12-19T23:26:47.620" Score="18" ViewCount="115465" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi jefe en el trabajo es una mujer. ¿Cómo es la forma correcta de referirse a un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/jefe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jefe&lt;/a&gt; que es mujer?  ¿jefe o jefa? Algunos compañeros de trabajo le dicen jefa, yo le digo por su nombre sin embargo revisando en la RAE la definición de jefe viene lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jefe&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del fr. chef).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora por ejemplo en la definición de doctor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;doctor, ra.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. doctor, -ōris).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podemos apreciar en la definición de doctor viene indicado que tambien se puede usar como femenino (doctora) pero en el caso de jefe no viene. Tomando en cuenta esto, ¿es correcto usar el sustantivo femenino de jefe, es decir jefa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro caso igual es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/presidente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presidente&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;presidenta&quot; donde tampoco viene indicado la forma femenina. Por ejemplo en el caso de Brasil donde el presidente es una mujer ¿es correcto decir &quot;La presidenta de Brasil.&quot;?. ¿O en este tipo de sustantivos no es posible utilizar el femenino de ellos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T08:27:43.297" Title="¿Se debe decir jefe o jefa al referirse a una persona de sexo femenino?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3194" CreationDate="2012-12-20T02:42:25.010" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debería ser 'Se me van &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; encoger'.&#xA;Es la misma construcción que 'ir a xxx' para expresar algún evento en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1198" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T02:42:25.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3195" CreationDate="2012-12-20T02:52:52.433" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar cualquiera de los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero preferiría usar jefa, para evitar mal interpretaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sabes la sorpresa que uno tendría al ver que le dices &quot;jefe&quot; a alguien que es mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ultimo y solo como etiqueta, seria mejor que le llames por su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito: Solo una observación &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=jefa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;jefa&lt;/a&gt; sí esta en la RAE. Igualmente &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=presidenta&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;presidenta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T17:27:25.440" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T17:27:25.440" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-12-20T08:12:46.237" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another synonym for &quot;Royal&quot; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.muchogusto.com/index.php?page=guava-pie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Masa Real&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T08:12:46.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3118" CreationDate="2012-12-20T08:20:33.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fulano or Fulana De Tal&quot; is the legally accepted name for official documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T08:20:33.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3194" CreationDate="2012-12-20T12:14:07.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3194/se-me-van-encoger-o-se-me-van-a-encoger#3196&quot;&gt;bien dice A109201&lt;/a&gt;, la construcción correcta es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt; + infinitivo&lt;/em&gt;. En el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qF8kh8sgID6Ifqj7vG#4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tienes una descripción de esta perífrasis verbal&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt; + infinitivo. Perífrasis verbal que indica que la acción&#xA;  designada por el infinitivo se va a producir en un futuro más o menos&#xA;  inmediato: &lt;em&gt;«Vas a tener miles de problemas»&lt;/em&gt; (Gamboa &lt;em&gt;Páginas&lt;/em&gt; [Col.&#xA;  1998]); muy a menudo implica propósito o intención por parte del&#xA;  sujeto: &lt;em&gt;«Te voy a leer una carta de mi padre»&lt;/em&gt; (Jodorowsky &lt;em&gt;Pájaro&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [Chile 1992]); a veces se emplea con finalidad exhortativa: &lt;em&gt;«Para&#xA;  empezar, vas a sentarte como un niño bueno»&lt;/em&gt; (Vilalta &lt;em&gt;Nada&lt;/em&gt; [Méx.&#xA;  1975]); en ocasiones se emplea, especialmente en pasado, para indicar&#xA;  que lo expresado por el infinitivo es un hecho inesperado o&#xA;  inoportuno: &lt;em&gt;El asunto fue a salir por donde menos se esperaba&lt;/em&gt;. En&#xA;  ningún caso debe suprimirse, en el habla culta, la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;  (x) &lt;em&gt;«Pero ¿se lo vas plantear ya?»&lt;/em&gt; (FnGómez &lt;em&gt;Bicicletas&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1982]);&#xA;  (x) &lt;em&gt;Vamos hablar del asunto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T12:14:07.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3202" CreationDate="2012-12-20T13:36:30.993" Score="15" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always have problems concerning &lt;strong&gt;traer&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;llevar&lt;/strong&gt;. I think I understand the general meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevar means &quot;to take&quot;, such as when an object is being taken (generally by you) to a place other than where you are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traer means &quot;to bring&quot;, such as when an object is being transported to the place where you are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm confused how those rules apply when speaking with other persons. Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm talking to my friend Pablo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pablo is in place A, I'm in place B.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want Pablo to transport an apple from A to B.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Pablos point of view, I'd use &quot;puedes llevar la manzana?&quot;, because he takes the apple from A to B.&#xA;From my point of view, I'd use &quot;puedes traer la manzana?&quot;, because the apple is being transported to the place where I am. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, both options could be justified by applying the rules, but I assume only one is correct. Which one, and why is that? I guess the problem boils down to whether the speakers location or the listeners location is the influencing one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1203" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T09:41:44.277" Title="Traer and llevar - what is the reference point?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3201" CreationDate="2012-12-20T13:50:02.717" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Speaking for my particular linguistic variety (which is Spanish from Spain), the correct one would be &quot;¿Puedes &lt;strong&gt;traer&lt;/strong&gt; la manzana?&quot;, because &quot;traer&quot; always implies carrying something to the place where the speaker is, while &quot;llevar&quot; always implies carrying something to a &lt;em&gt;different place&lt;/em&gt; than where the speaker is. &lt;em&gt;You&lt;/em&gt; are the speaker, so it's &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; frame of reference which applies. This would be a normal conversation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Puedes traer la manzana?&lt;br&gt; —De acuerdo, llevaré la manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, Spanish &quot;traer&quot; is somewhat different from English &quot;to bring&quot;; the latter can be used from both frames of reference: the speaker's and the bringer's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2012-12-24T06:09:46.613" LastActivityDate="2012-12-24T06:09:46.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3195" CreationDate="2012-12-20T18:30:21.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si está reconocida en el RAE la debes utilizar. Para aquellas profesiones todavía no recogidas es discutible su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tradicionalmente muchas de estos términos se utilizaban sólo en masculino puesto que eran varones quienes las desempeñaban. Al aumentar la presencia de la mujer en estas profesiones surge la discusión y muchos plantean la necesidad de introducir la forma femenina de dichas profesiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, empieza la discusión al darse la situación de que en castellano, el genero de las palabras no tiene porqué coincidir con el genero del objeto designado. Por tanto, estrictamente hablando, no sería necesario crear dichas voces PERO por una cuestión de respeto y de igualdad no está demás el considerar su introducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es de más recordar que lo mismo sucede en sentido opuesto: suena mal decir &quot;azafato&quot; por el varón que realiza las funciones de asistente de vuelo. En este caso o bien se le designaría como azafata o, lo que finalmente se ha optado en España -en otros países sería aeromozo/aeromoza-, asistente de vuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T18:30:21.383" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3201" CreationDate="2012-12-20T19:10:01.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's related with &lt;code&gt;ir/venir&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;to go/to come&lt;/code&gt;). The person who goes, &lt;code&gt;lleva&lt;/code&gt;, and the one who comes, &lt;code&gt;trae&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T19:10:01.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3194" CreationDate="2012-12-23T22:53:32.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre debes colocar la letra &quot;a&quot;. Por ejemplo, si te refieres a reducir de tamaño: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me van a encoger las medias&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se me va a encoger la ropa en la secadora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Va&lt;/em&gt; se usa en singular, &lt;em&gt;van&lt;/em&gt; en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1207" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-01-08T21:06:02.963" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T21:06:02.963" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3206" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-24T05:05:33.743" Score="3" ViewCount="1563" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra mejor para &quot;Christmas carol&quot; es &lt;em&gt;villancicos&lt;/em&gt;, pero ¿hay una forma como verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en inglés se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We are going Christmas Caroling tonight at 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en español se debería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a caminar desde casa a casa y cantar villancicos esta noche a las 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto, pero habrá alguna manera una más concisa, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2012-12-27T08:55:40.337" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T17:03:07.623" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;Christmas caroling&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3206" CreationDate="2012-12-24T11:00:16.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, solemos decir que vamos a &quot;pedir el aguinaldo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que yo sepa no hay ningún verbo como con Christmas Caroling sucede en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho que se diga &quot;pedir el aguinaldo&quot; es porque se canta el siguiente villancico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame el aguinaldo,carita de rosa...&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  que no tienes cara de ser tan roñosa...&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Y si me lo das,o no me lo das...&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Gracias igualmente y feliz navidad...&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un villancico en el que, directamente, se pide el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguinaldo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aguinaldo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDITO:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos yo, en España, no conozco otra tradición de la de pedir el aguinaldo, no solo se canta ese villancico que he puesto arriba sino que se cantan más, se va puerta por puerta recitando diferentes villancicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso mismo al autor de la pregunta le recomiendo, que primero se espere a que haya algún usuario más que pueda dar una mejor explicación para su respuesta, ya que quizá pedir el aguinaldo, puede ser que no se adecue en el caso de otros países latinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="987" LastEditDate="2012-12-24T11:09:19.090" LastActivityDate="2012-12-24T11:09:19.090" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3206" CreationDate="2012-12-24T11:17:30.873" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se diría &quot;desde casa a casas&quot; sino &quot;de casa en casa&quot;. Así mismo sería más correcto decir &quot;Iremos&quot; en vez de &quot;Vamos a ir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a lo que se refiere propiamente a la expresión &quot;Christmas caroling&quot;, debo decir que, si bien no me consta tal tradición (de forma generalizada) en España, sí existe la que dice @Amedio de &quot;pedir el aguinaldo&quot; asociada a &quot;cantar villancicos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si le vas a explicar a un hispanohablante que simplemente vas a ir cantando villancicos de puerta en puerta, diría que la traducción correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A las 8 de la tarde, iremos de puerta en puerta cantando villancicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Xmas Caroling!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T17:03:07.623" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T17:03:07.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3257" CreationDate="2012-12-26T20:18:19.213" Score="6" ViewCount="2134" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las dos construcciones es más idiomática y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt; un objeto &lt;em&gt;consigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Llevar&lt;/em&gt; un objeto &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es simple, pero es importante los recursos que se den para sustentar cualquiera de los dos. Estoy muy interesado en la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:18:50.507" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:18:50.507" Title="&quot;Tener un objeto consigo&quot; vs &quot;Llevar un objeto encima&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3210" CreationDate="2012-12-27T02:19:10.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, lo correcto es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un objeto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por concordancia de género. Pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;una cosa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es más idiomático y es femenino (Die Sache, Das Ding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segundo, depende de la región en la que uno se encuentre. Tanto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;llevar una cosa consigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;llevar una cosa encima&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; son correctos e idiomáticos; pero la primera forma es más común en España y la segunda en América en mi experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastActivityDate="2012-12-27T02:19:10.610" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3210" CreationDate="2012-12-27T04:26:06.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El contexto es importante. Alguien puede llevar un objeto consigo, pero no necesariamente encima. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él lleva un amigo &lt;em&gt;consigo&lt;/em&gt; y una chaqueta &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encima&lt;/em&gt; denota ubicación; mientras que &lt;em&gt;consigo&lt;/em&gt;, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastEditorUserId="979" LastEditDate="2013-01-03T15:47:32.700" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T15:47:32.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-27T22:30:57.603" Score="11" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;La portada del libro &lt;em&gt;Guerra de Yugurta&lt;/em&gt; (ISBN 968366153X) tiene esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Biblioteca Sciptorvm Graecorvm et Romanorvm edita por segunda ocasión la &lt;em&gt;Guerra de Yugurta&lt;/em&gt;, los &lt;em&gt;Fragmentos de las historias&lt;/em&gt; y las &lt;em&gt;Cartas a César sobre el gobierno de la república&lt;/em&gt;, del temperamento Cayo Salustio Crispo, en versión hecha en español por Augustín Millares Carlo, quien &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; uno de los fundadores de esta colección hace ya más de cincuenta años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usa &quot;fuera&quot; en vez de &quot;fue&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-12T16:54:59.107" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T16:54:59.107" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo en &quot;quien fuera uno de los fundadores&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3213" CreationDate="2012-12-28T19:05:49.847" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso del subjuntivo con valor de indicativo es bastante común en el periodismo, aunque se considera incorrecto y la mayoría de los manuales de estilo lo desaconsejan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por último, el que más espacio dedica a la advertencia sobre ese mal&#xA;  uso es nuestro Manual de Español Urgente: &quot;No debe aparecer en los&#xA;  despachos de la agencia la forma cantara como equivalente de había&#xA;  cantado o de cantó. (&quot;La sesión, que comenzara a las cuatro de la&#xA;  tarde, se prolongó hasta la madrugada&quot;.) Se trata de una pedantería&#xA;  ajena al buen empleo del español moderno (o de un influjo gallego o&#xA;  asturiano). Cantara tuvo ese valor de pluscuamperfecto de indicativo,&#xA;  heredado del latín en la Edad Media, pero lo fue perdiendo, y&#xA;  adquiriendo el de imperfecto de subjuntivo hasta que confundió sus&#xA;  usos con los de cantase. Fueron los poetas románticos quines, para&#xA;  &quot;medievalizar&quot; su estilo, resucitaron el antiguo valor ya olvidado de&#xA;  cantara, y desde entonces se ha mantenido en la literatura. Pero debe&#xA;  estar ausente del lenguaje periodístico, donde ha penetrado por las&#xA;  citadas causas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20subjuntivo%20literario.htm&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20subjuntivo%20literario.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T19:05:49.847" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3216" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3217" CreationDate="2013-01-04T02:57:46.747" Score="5" ViewCount="764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have begun to learn Spanish and spent a good amount of time in Spain, but locals fail to be able to explain how to trill 'r's. I presume that it is because they learn from birth and therefore it is natural to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen this related question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1273/can-i-learn-to-roll-my-rs&quot;&gt;Can I learn to roll my R&amp;#39;s?&lt;/a&gt; and know that this is a common barrier when beginning to learn Spanish, but would like to know these further things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are their any required tongue or mouth movements that provoke trilling and where in the mouth should the tongue be placed to begin the action of trilling? (diagrams?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are their any good methods of learning and practising to trill?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What are the signs that I'm doing it wrong(important!)  or right?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1219" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-01-04T04:39:28.153" Title="How to defeat the barrier of trilling r" Tags="&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3216" CreationDate="2013-01-04T04:39:28.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to explain this from a point of view of a native speaker who has never taught Spanish, so this is just a shoddy explanation that will be deleted if any better answer arrives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that you should try putting the borders of your tongue on your palate, leaving some space between your tongue and your palate at the middle. It is like your tongue and your palate are the two sides of a closed seashell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you need to keep the outer half of your tongue relaxed, and the inner half less relaxed. Take some air and throw it slowly through your mouth and you should feel the tip of your tongue vibrating rapidly. You should be able to do this even without activating your vocal cords. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The borders of the inner half of your tongue should never get separated from your palate, so that the air will be forced to go through the tip of your tongue only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="292" LastActivityDate="2013-01-04T04:39:28.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3219" CreationDate="2013-01-07T08:45:18.280" Score="11" ViewCount="2901" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He oído la frase &amp;quot;media naranja&amp;quot; unas veces, y puedo entender el contexto, que significa una pareja o novia, por ejemplo. Pero quiero saber el origen de esa frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard the phrase &amp;quot;media naranja&amp;quot; some times, and I can understand the context, it means a girlfriend/boyofriend, for example. But I want to know the origin of this expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T11:44:45.603" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la frase &quot;media naranja&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3218" CreationDate="2013-01-07T10:04:52.803" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabiask.com/sabiasque/historia/origen-de-la-expresion-media-naranja.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un mito de la antigua Grecia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un extracto del enlace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contaba Aristófanes que, en un principio, la raza humana era casi perfecta. Los seres eran esféricos como naranjas; tenían dos caras opuestas sobre una misma cabeza, cuatro brazos y cuatro piernas que utilizaban para desplazarse rodando. &#xA;  [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Zeus los castigó partiéndolos por la mitad con el rayo; y mandó a Hermes que a cada uno le atara la carne sobrante en torno al ombligo. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Zeus, compadecido por la estirpe humana, ordenó a Hermes que les girase la cara hacia el mismo lado donde tenían el sexo: de este modo, cada vez que uno de estos seres encontrara a su otra mitad, de esa unión pudiera obtener placer y si además se trataba de un ser andrógino pudieran tener descendencia. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde entonces los seres humanos nos vemos condenados a buscar entre nuestros semejantes a nuestra media naranja con la que unirnos en abrazos que nos hagan más &quot;completos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T11:44:45.603" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T11:44:45.603" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3210" CreationDate="2013-01-07T13:05:33.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Donde yo vivo, se usan igualmente, solamente dependiendo de si es un contexto formal o informal. Por ejemplo, para decirle a tu jefe que llevas el móvil pero está en silencio, se diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo el móvil conmigo a todas partes, pero cuando trabajo lo tengo en silencio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que para decirle a un amigo que puede llamarte cuando quiera, porque llevas el móvil, diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre llevo el móvil encima, ¡puedes llamarme cuando quieras!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún así, se suele usar siempre &lt;em&gt;llevar encima&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo menos aquí en Cataluña cuando hablamos en español tendemos a usar &lt;em&gt;llevar encima&lt;/em&gt; porque en catalán no hay un equivalente común de &lt;em&gt;llevar conmigo&lt;/em&gt; (llevar encima sería &lt;em&gt;portar a sobre&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que llevar conmigo sería algo como &lt;em&gt;portar amb mi&lt;/em&gt; y esto no se suele usar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que es algo que depende tanto del contexto, de la formalidad que se requiera y del lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-01-08T21:07:29.433" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T21:07:29.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-08T11:02:13.663" Score="7" ViewCount="570" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish (Castellano) and want to expand my vocabulary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many vocabulary trainers out there. But some do not come with predefined words and others contain them all. I want to learn basic words first. But not only a few words for vacation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any site or software that contains only basic vocabulary to train or where different levels of knowledge can be chosen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to avoid wasting time learning words I never gonna need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="416" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T09:20:07.847" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T09:20:12.040" Title="How can I learn basic vocabulary?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T09:20:36.793" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3221" CreationDate="2013-01-08T11:25:31.683" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duolingo&lt;/strong&gt; is an excellent and free tool to learn Spanish:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://duolingo.com/&quot;&gt;http://duolingo.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also available as a free App for iPhone and iPod touch if you have any of those devices.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/app/duolingo-learn-spanish-french/id570060128?mt=8&quot;&gt;https://itunes.apple.com/app/duolingo-learn-spanish-french/id570060128?mt=8&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to your concern, it does help a lot as it involves lot of different types of activities and reinforcements, all revolving around the most used Spanish words and phrases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1224" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T11:25:31.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3255" CreationDate="2013-01-09T08:56:29.757" Score="8" ViewCount="8043" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una pregunta donde inquirimos sobre algo de lo que sospechamos saber la respuesta, cual sería la forma correcta de colocar el signo de interrogación final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿es este el tuyo: xxxxx? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿es este el tuyo? xxxxx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino más por la primera opción, pero no consigo encontrar la respuesta correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a question where we suspect to know the answer, where do I have to put the closing question mark:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿es este el tuyo: xxxxx? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿es este el tuyo? xxxxx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the first one is better, but I can't find the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastEditorUserId="1067" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T19:12:31.983" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T19:12:31.983" Title="Forma correcta de escribir una pregunta de la que sospechas la respuesta" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3210" CreationDate="2013-01-09T13:34:33.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevar un perro consigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tener un perro encima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pueden ser muy diferentes en dependencia del contexto y eso es más importante que cuán idiomáticas son... (son bastante parecidas, aunque llevar encima puede que sea más común, en fin, determina el contexto en un sentido más fino).&#xA;Las demas respuestas están bien, solo que por ahora no puedo hacer comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T16:39:08.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3223" CreationDate="2013-01-09T13:55:07.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Varias opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono. El tuyo es xxxx, yyyy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde yyyy puede ser reemplazado por ejemplo por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿no?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿no es cierto?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿verdad?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿no es verdad?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿es así?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-01-09T16:55:28.147" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T16:55:28.147" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2013-01-09T21:16:13.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cilantro is a different leaf than culantro. I'm in south America and we use culantro. Cilantro is harder to find here and culantro grows wild. Culantro has a stronger flavor but about the same taste as cilantro. They both look completely different. Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1230" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T21:16:13.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3221" CreationDate="2013-01-10T11:42:32.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the only way to acquire vocabulary is practice, practice and practice. Read stuff with a dictionary handy, this will give you the words that are actually used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One easy way is to read comics. There are lots of great ones in Spanish, think &quot;Mortadelo &amp;amp; Filemón&quot; and the likes... They definitely use every day words that you are going to need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is listening to songs while reading the lyrics along. It worked for me, but the downside is songs contain poetry constructions or vocabulary that may sound awkward in normal conversations or when written in prose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1231" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T11:42:32.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3126" CreationDate="2013-01-10T12:18:33.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque para otro uso quizá no te recomendaría lo mismo, si estás traduciendo -o haciendo- una página web o un programa de ordenador es importante no hacer nunca experimentos. Olvida eso de &lt;em&gt;&quot;desuscribirse&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una solución que no suele sonar mal es el lenguaje telegráfico: &quot;Cancelar Suscripción&quot; o, si el contexto lo deja claro, simplemente &quot;Cancelar&quot; o &quot;Darse de baja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El idioma Español es más &lt;em&gt;verboso&lt;/em&gt; (?) que el inglés y vas a tener alguno de esos problemas siempre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1231" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:33:23.253" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:33:23.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2013-01-10T16:41:59.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vení is also used in Nicaragua extensively, especially in the imperative form. They like to put the accent on the second syllable so it sounds like this, with approximate translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esperáme! (Wait for me!)&#xA;Paráte! (Stop it!)&#xA;Dejálo! (Leave him/it!)&#xA;Veníte! (Come here)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard this numerous times in both rural and urban areas. You can hear and see voseo being used everywhere, especially in advertisements. Nicaraguans swallow their S's however, so vos sounds more like vo.  Vos so loca = Vo so loca :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1232" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T16:41:59.417" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2013-01-10T21:11:42.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, &lt;code&gt;vení&lt;/code&gt; (or other imperative forms like that) are not used in Mexico, but &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; used in some countries in South America (Argentina and Uruguay, for example):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Vos, vení!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, the equivalent expresion is &lt;code&gt;ven&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;venga&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Tú, ven!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Usted, venga!&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;This is correct!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="880" LastEditorUserId="880" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T14:37:26.093" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T14:37:26.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2799" CreationDate="2013-01-10T22:21:52.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It was a common prase. La 'hora de los loros' is 'the crucial/hardest moment' .. &#xA;Ex: A la hora de los loros, el/ella no actua  At the crucial time, he/she doesn't act&#xA;    A la hora de los loros ..  At the hardest time, nobody signs the complaint&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1235" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T22:21:52.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2013-01-12T10:29:28.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they use 'ordenador' in Spain (personal experience).  I assumed that it related to 'putting in order', not just 'sort', as mentioned above.  It made sense to me in the sense that 'to ordenate' implies more that just sorting--it is ordering (along a continuum more or less) of something in a manner that makes sense, or follows a set of criteria.  Deep down inside, that's what computers do--regardless of the purpose of a piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1238" LastActivityDate="2013-01-12T10:29:28.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3246" CreationDate="2013-01-12T13:35:56.997" Score="6" ViewCount="902" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene la palabra 'alrededor' (o 'al rededor') origen árabe? ¿Sabéis otras palabras con el mismo origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1128" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T10:14:49.153" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T18:57:54.283" Title="¿Es verdad que la palabra 'alrededor' tiene origen árabe?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3235" CreationDate="2013-01-12T13:38:47.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alrededor es la comunión de &quot;al&quot; + &quot;derredor&quot; así que dudo que su origen sea árabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2013-01-12T13:38:47.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3237" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="37347" CreationDate="2013-01-12T15:05:12.570" Score="17" ViewCount="11331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/cejaspobladas/status/288469825301389313&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; a una persona utilizando la palabra &lt;em&gt;fama&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;carnicería&lt;/em&gt; (donde uno compra la carne):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Crea &lt;em&gt;fama&lt;/em&gt; y te sacarán fiada la carne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia está bien decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a la &lt;em&gt;fama&lt;/em&gt; a comprar churrasco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero está en desuso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba si en algún otro país se le conoce como sinónimo de carnicería y si además alguien sabe de dónde provino este uso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la RAE no muestra ningún indicio de que en algún otro país, ni siquiera Colombia, se le use como sinónimo de carnicería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos enlaces relevantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/18/TH_18_002_020_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;EL ESPAÑOL HABLADO EN COLOMBIA Y SU ATLAS LINGÜÍSTICO&lt;/a&gt; (pag 288) del Centro Virtual Cervantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una carnicería &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.portal-bajacalifornia.com/regional/dir/carnicerias.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;que se llama &quot;La Fama&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, en Tijuana. (Me llama la atención el nombre:  &quot;La Fama&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En Yahoo respuestas consultaron &lt;a href=&quot;http://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090927201242AA8G1Ar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿porque en Colombia le dicen fama a las carnicerías?&lt;/a&gt;, pero no hay respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T09:04:36.630" LastActivityDate="2021-01-11T11:26:15.807" Title="¿Dónde se usa &quot;fama&quot; como sinónimo de carnicería? ¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3249" CreationDate="2013-01-12T17:45:49.947" Score="3" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading a product description and I want to translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dosimeter may be used at atomic power engineering sites, physics laboratories, health care organizations as an electronic dosimeter for automated systems of personal dosimetry control ASPDC-21, and as an independent device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El dosímetro puede utilizarse en:  áreas ingenieriles con poder atómico, laboratorios de física, organizaciones de salud como un dosímetro electrónico para sistemas automatizados ASPDC-21 de control de dosimetría personal, y como un dispositivo independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in English you have the adjective and then the substantive, but in Spanish you should switch the order, so besides the meaning of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;atomic power engineering sites&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish, is it OK the order of the ideas when translated to Spanish? For example is it OK to translate the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;electronic dosimeter for automated systems of &lt;strong&gt;personal dosimetry control ASPDC-21&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dosímetro electrónico para sistemas automatizados &lt;strong&gt;ASPDC-21 de control de dosimetría personal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how they are switched.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T02:47:37.150" Title="Noun and adjective word order and meaning of &quot;atomic power engineering sites&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3240" CreationDate="2013-01-13T01:58:40.553" Score="6" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Important update:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am moving the problem of translating this document to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3241/researching-a-spanish-document-from-the-xv-century&quot;&gt;this other thread&lt;/a&gt;, which is the original thread that was asked in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;History SE site&lt;/a&gt; and has now been migrated to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Spanish Language and Usage SE&lt;/a&gt;. This thread can be safely closed. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Original question:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to translate the following text written in old Spanish to modern Spanish (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/6259/researching-a-spanish-document-from-the-xv-century#comment11674_6259&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; for more information on the nature of this document):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gSpB8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I have almost everything translated but there are three words that I still don't know what they mean (see them in bold):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por estas preguntas se examinan los testigos en la &lt;strong&gt;__provança__&lt;/strong&gt; que hacen Juan Núñez y Alonso Núñez Salgero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Primera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si conocen a los dichos Juan Núñez y a Alson Núñez Salgero, que el &lt;strong&gt;__dho__&lt;/strong&gt; Juan Núñez fuera de veinte y un años, mediano de cuerpo y una&#xA;  señal de quemadura en la cabeza. Y el dicho Alonso Núñez de diez y&#xA;  ocho años poco mas o menos, alto de cuerpo que le apunta el boco , de&#xA;  color rojo, y cuello negro.  Y si conocen a los &lt;strong&gt;__dhos__.&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;__Su__&lt;/strong&gt; Nuñez&#xA;  Salgero y Mayor de Vilches, su mujer, sus padres y conocen y&#xA;  conocieron, a Alóso&quot;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you happen to have read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/6259/researching-a-spanish-document-from-the-xv-century#comment11674_6259&quot;&gt;original thread&lt;/a&gt;, but do you think is the purpose of this document? What type of exam is this? I know it's hard without more information, but unfortunately this is all I have for the moment :/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="683" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-01-13T18:36:04.420" Title="Translating a text from the XV century to modern Spanish" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3239" CreationDate="2013-01-13T14:58:18.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The text seems to be a judicial/police &lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; (official investigation) about as I read in the original thread seems to be if they are of &lt;em&gt;pure blood&lt;/em&gt; (not from muslim or jew descents). Actually, that is what &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=dlDTXtRM2DXX2FxohzA8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;provança&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; seems to mean, which nowadays is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;probanza&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De probar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Averiguación o prueba que jurídicamente se hace de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Dho&lt;/em&gt;&quot; apparently is an abbreviation of &quot;dicho&quot; used by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?pid=S1668-81042001000100007&amp;amp;script=sci_arttext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;clerks/copyists at the time&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Previo a la consideración de la evolución de las abreviaturas en el&#xA;  español del Jujuy colonial, observaremos varias abreviaturas que se&#xA;  reiteran en dos o más testamentos con idéntico procedimiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     dicha = dha.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     dicho = dho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2013-01-13T14:58:18.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3155" CreationDate="2013-01-15T11:59:21.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que voy a decir podría ser polémico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi respuesta a tu pregunta es que sí, que existe en la literatura española y quizá también en la lengua hablada una tradición de exceso de retórica que no se percibe con la misma intensidad en la lengua inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es un problema inherente a la lengua, pero me parece innegable que la escritura castellana ha pecado históricamente de afectación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es esa misma afectación que, por nombrar a alguien, Santiago Ramón y Cajal observaba en sus colegas científicos españoles, cuando los comparaba con los de otros países europeos. La afición a las palabras huecas ha sido un gran pecado histórico de los hispanohablantes, por suerte con innumerables excepciones, desde luego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo todo esto porque participan en este foro muchas personas que no son nativas del idioma español y que al percibir la afectación de la que hablo podrían pensar que hay algo en nuestro idioma que lo inclina a la verbosidad, por comparación con la concisión del inglés. Creo que no es verdad, es solamente un problema de las personas, no de la lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2013-01-15T12:11:15.980" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T12:11:15.980" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2013-01-16T01:18:51.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando empecé a estudiar informática (hace 30 años) nos enseñaron en la universidad (es España) que se debía decir ordenador y no computador(a). La razón que nos dieron es que se había decidido utilizar las palabras del francés y no del inglés por ser éste más cercano (lengua latina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde entonces, se sigue utilizando casi exclusivamente ordenador (y no vale la pena discutir si un ordenador sólo sirve para ordenar al igual que es futil la discusión de si una computadora sólo sirve para realizar cómputos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión del francés no aplicaba sólo al tema del ordenador sino también al &quot;software&quot; que por aquel entonces querían que llamásemos &quot;logical&quot; (¿alguien recuerda haber utilizado / visto esta palabra alguna vez?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podéis apreciar no siempre tuvo éxito el tema de la proximidad de la lengua latina tanto como que no creo que nunca llegara a aparecer logical en el diccionario de la RAE (ni en ningún otro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2013-01-16T01:18:51.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3235" CreationDate="2013-01-16T11:42:31.900" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alrededor proviene de &lt;code&gt;al + rededor&lt;/code&gt; (contorno). En esto coinciden la RAE y el diccionario de María Moliner. Por tanto no, no tiene origen árabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí es cierto que muchas otras palabras de castellano que empiezan por &lt;code&gt;al-&lt;/code&gt; sí tienen procedencia árabe. Por ejemplo: alfombra, alcalde, alcoba, alcohol, alfiler, alforja... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otras parabras que no empiezan por &quot;al&quot; pero también con origen árabe serían: aceite, barrio, cenefa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar un listado en esta página de la Junta de Andalucía: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/ies_boabdil/departamentos/vocab-arabe.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/ies_boabdil/departamentos/vocab-arabe.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1245" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T18:57:54.283" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T18:57:54.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3247" PostTypeId="7" CreationDate="2013-01-17T00:40:38.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish linguistics, orthography or etymology &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dialect differences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usage, word choice, grammar, and pronunciation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Problems encountered by people learning Spanish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="83" LastEditDate="2013-01-17T00:40:38.410" LastActivityDate="2013-01-17T00:40:38.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3248" PostTypeId="7" CreationDate="2013-01-17T00:42:35.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Anything not directly related to the Spanish language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;How to improve my Spanish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Questions that are primarily opinion-based&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Questions with too many possible answers or that would require an extremely long answer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="83" LastEditDate="2013-01-17T00:42:35.227" LastActivityDate="2013-01-17T00:42:35.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2013-01-17T19:24:35.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La redacción original no es muy feliz. Aquí va un intento de traducción que no es literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The dosimeter may be used at atomic power engineering sites, physics laboratories, health care organizations as an electronic dosimeter for automated systems of personal dosimetry control ASPDC-21, and as an independent device.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt; &lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dosímetro puede utilizarse en plantas de energía atómica, en laboratorios de física, como  dosímetro electrónico para sistemas automatizados de control de dosimetría personal ASPDC-21 en organizaciones de salud y también como un dispositivo independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la verdad es que no parece redactado por un hispanohablante. Quizás alterando el orden y algunos términos resulte menos forzado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dosímetro puede utilizarse en organizaciones de salud como dosímetro electrónico en sistemas automatizados de control de dosimetría personal ASPDC-21, en centrales nucleares, en laboratorios de física y como dispositivo independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-01-18T02:47:37.150" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T02:47:37.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3251" CreationDate="2013-01-18T12:23:13.380" Score="9" ViewCount="6836" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer escribí la siguiente frase humorística:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay devaluación. Es solo una &lt;em&gt;sensación&lt;/em&gt; de que la moneda nacional es papel higiénico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(es una referencia a expresiones como &quot;es sólo una sensación de inseguridad&quot;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien señaló que esa construcción era un dequeísmo, y que debería eliminar el &quot;de&quot;. Pero mi impresión es que eso cambiaría el sentido de la frase, y que la misma es correcta tal como está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta esta apreciación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2013-01-20T12:00:54.887" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T00:41:59.603" Title="&quot;Sensación de que sucede algo&quot;, ¿es dequeísmo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3250" CreationDate="2013-01-18T12:52:56.497" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu frase es correcta, y la «corrección» que te sugieren es un error que tienen nombre: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;. Concretamente, mira el punto 1.c:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QUEÍSMO&lt;/strong&gt;. Es la supresión indebida de una preposición (generalmente &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;  delante de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, cuando la preposición viene exigida por&#xA;  alguna palabra del enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; No debe suprimirse la preposición en los casos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; Con sustantivos que llevan complementos preposicionales: &lt;em&gt;Iré con la&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  condición &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; vayáis a recogerme&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;Iré con la&lt;/em&gt; condición &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;vayáis a recogerme&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Tengo&lt;/em&gt; ganas &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; llueva&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;Tengo&lt;/em&gt; ganas &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;llueva&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Ardo en&lt;/em&gt; deseos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; vengas a verme&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;Ardo en&lt;/em&gt; deseos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;vengas a verme&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2013-01-18T12:58:42.490" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T12:58:42.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3250" CreationDate="2013-01-18T18:45:48.247" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu frase es correcta, pero es fácil confundirse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la &lt;strong&gt;sensación de que&lt;/strong&gt; estás mintiendo. (Correcto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siento que&lt;/strong&gt; estás mintiendo. (Correcto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parecen construcciones equivalentes, pero no lo son. En la segunda el verbo es transitivo, recae sobre lo que sigue (objeto directo, que es prácticamente exigido): &quot;Siento... siento algo. ¿Qué? Siento esto: ...&quot; (nótese que la pregunta que exige la frase incompleta recae sobre el objeto que falta). En la primera,  el verbo no es transitivo, lo que sigue es un complemento: &quot;Tengo una sensación. (¿Cuál?) Tengo la siguiente sensación: estás mintiendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como regla general: cuando puedo reemplazar toda la construcción por la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;),  como sucede en la segunda frase del ejemplo,  entonces debemos usar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;; caso contrario, hay que usar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T00:41:59.603" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T00:41:59.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-18T21:27:10.327" Score="8" ViewCount="15949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en México utilizamos la palabra codo como sinónimo de tacaño. ¿Cuál es su origen? ¿qué relación tiene con el codo (parte del cuerpo)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/codo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;codo&lt;/a&gt;, da.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De codo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Ec., El Salv., Guat., Hond. y Méx. tacaño (‖ miserable).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él es tan codo que prefiere irse caminando que tener que pagar camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T22:48:34.043" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del uso de la palabra &quot;codo&quot; como sinónimo de tacaño?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2013-01-18T23:06:24.250" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://que-significa.net/la-expresion/codo-cuando-eres-tacano/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta liga&lt;/a&gt; que menciona un dato interesante, aunque es probable que haya que tomarlo con un granito de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parafraseando dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando los ganaderos mexicanos regresaban de Estados Unidos después de&#xA;  vender el ganado para que los ladrones no les quitaran el dinero de la&#xA;  venta confeccionaron una bolsa que escondían al costado del tronco a&#xA;  la altura de las costillas. De esta forma cuando eran asaltados,&#xA;  apretaban los codos para que las monedas no hicieran ruido. Cuando los&#xA;  ladrones se dieron cuenta de la estrategia les decían &quot;afloja el&#xA;  codo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé qué tan cierto sea, pero suena plausible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T22:48:34.043" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T22:48:34.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3223" CreationDate="2013-01-19T00:52:33.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, el número forma parte de la pregunta, y se le daría una cierta entonación interrogativa a los números, a no ser que la pregunta sea retórica y el número es una auto respuesta, Así que podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿este es el tuyo: xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿es el tuyo este: xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿el tuyo es el xxxxx?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesitaré un número de teléfono, ¿el xxxxx es el tuyo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A diferencia de la forma interrogativa del inglés (&amp;quot;Is this ..?&amp;quot;) en español hay bastante libertad en la colocación del sujeto. La construcción puede ser la misma que una frase afirmativa, con el sujeto delante (&amp;quot;¿este es ...?&amp;quot; o totalmente pospuesto (&amp;quot;es ... este?&amp;quot;), aunque eso no significa que  &amp;quot;¿es este ... ?&amp;quot; sea incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-19T00:52:33.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2013-01-19T16:09:18.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina también se da la asociación del codo con la tacañería. Aunque no se usa mucho la palabra como adjetivo o sustantivo en ese sentido, más bien en expresiones como &quot;&lt;em&gt;tiene el codo de oro/de hierro/duro&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, o en ademanes (uno se roza o se señala el codo para expresar que la persona aludida es tacaña). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que tiene que ver con el hecho de que para meter las manos en el bolsillo (para sacar dinero) hace falta doblar los codos. Así, por oposición a la persona dadivosa que lleva las manos al bolsillos fácilmente, se sugiere irónicamente que el tacaño tendría algún problemita físico en el codo que le impide hacerlo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos también postulan una relación con la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;codicia&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, me parece menos probable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T00:40:34.500" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T00:40:34.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3210" CreationDate="2013-01-20T21:40:06.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se emplea bastante &quot;consigo mismo&quot; para evidenciar una acción que recae sobre el propio sujeto (&quot;Se enfadó consigo mismo.&quot;) pero el pronombre personal &quot;consigo&quot; se usa relativamente poco en relación con llevar objetos, quizás porque es idéntico al presente del verbo &quot;conseguir&quot; (aunque por el contexto esto sería improbable, esto explicaría que  &quot;conmigo&quot;, que no puede tener otro significado, se use bastante más). Pero depende sobre todo de lo implícito que quede el pronombre personal en la frase y el contexto. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si al pagar una cuenta en un bar le digo a mi amigo que &quot;&lt;em&gt;llevo la cartera&lt;/em&gt;&quot; queda implícito que la llevo conmigo, metida en algún bolsillo. Es una aclaración innecesaria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, si llamo por el móvil y digo que &quot;&lt;em&gt;estoy en las escaleras y traigo una lavadora&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no es evidente si acompaño a dos operarios que llevan el pesado trasto y hablo en sentido figurado (la traen los operarios, no yo), o si la llevo realmente yo sobre mis espaldas.  Añadir &quot;&lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en este caso es muy importe para que se capte el motivo de las llamada (¡que necesitas ayuda urgente!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, &quot;encima&quot; (de &quot;en&quot;+&quot;cima&quot; =&quot;sobre la montaña&quot;) es un adverbio de lugar, que está sobre algo o alguien, de modo  que lo que tienes &quot;encima&quot; es siempre algo que tienes &quot;contigo&quot;, pero lo contrario muchas veces no será cierto: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevo conmigo un abrigo porque lo llevo puesto encima (&lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; los hombros) y también llevo zapatos conmigo, pero  los llevo puestos debajo (no encima) en los pies. Y llevo a mi novia conmigo, pero tampoco la llevo encima. Pero mi jefe nunca está conmigo[1] y siempre lo tengo encima[2].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] en el sentido de &quot;&lt;em&gt;nunca está de acuerdo conmigo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[2] en el sentido de &quot;&lt;em&gt;siempre está vigilándome&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T13:35:37.483" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T13:35:37.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2013-01-21T22:19:22.967" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nuez china is pecan &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nuez de Castilla is walnut&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nuez de la India is cashew &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nuez moscada is nutmeg &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1257" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2014-08-24T19:21:00.673" LastActivityDate="2014-08-24T19:21:00.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3195" CreationDate="2013-01-22T04:32:58.170" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respecto a “&lt;em&gt;presidente&lt;/em&gt;” es el antiguo participo activo del verbo “&lt;em&gt;presidir&lt;/em&gt;”. con el sufijo “-&lt;em&gt;ente&lt;/em&gt;” (de entidad) que como “-&lt;em&gt;ante&lt;/em&gt;” o “-&lt;em&gt;iente&lt;/em&gt;” forma adjetivo verbales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros adjetivos verbales son &lt;em&gt;ayudante, agobiante, gobernante, veraneante, absorbente, dirigente, dependiente, crujiente, ...&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, &quot;&lt;em&gt;crujiente&lt;/em&gt; &quot; ¿es femenino o masculino? ¿Deberíamos decir &quot;&lt;em&gt;el pan es crujiente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; pero &quot;&lt;em&gt;las uvas pasas no son crujientas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto es que cuando estos adjetivos se sustantivan (&quot;&lt;em&gt;el protestante&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) en algunos casos se ha generado de forma natural una forma femenina ya plenamente aceptada por la RAE (&quot;&lt;em&gt;la dependienta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) aunque no siempre se usa de forma consistente (se sigue usando &quot;&lt;em&gt;la dependiente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en la mayoría de los casos no es así (¿o alguien dice &quot;&lt;em&gt;la estudianta adolescenta es una protestanta integranta del coro de la capilla ardienta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?). Por  mucho que algunas feministas vean influjos machistas en algunas palabras terminadas en &quot;-ente&quot;, en realidad son neutras, y se refieren tanto a &lt;em&gt;un ente&lt;/em&gt; como a &lt;em&gt;una entidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &quot;&lt;em&gt;jefa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es parecido, aunque no sea un adjetivo verbal, por cuanto es una feminización admitida por la RAE de &quot;&lt;em&gt;jefe&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que deriva del barbarismo  &quot;&lt;em&gt;chef&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (también admitido por la RAE) y éste a su vez del latín &quot;&lt;em&gt;caput&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (cabeza en el sentido de cabezilla o capitán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &quot;&lt;em&gt;jefe&lt;/em&gt;&quot; termina con la neutra &quot;&lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Y si vamos al origen, &quot;&lt;em&gt;jefa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no deriva de &quot;&lt;em&gt;chefa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Además, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Chef&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es hoy una palabra de uso corriente y a nadie se le ocurre feminizarla. Es más, tampoco nadie diría &quot;&lt;em&gt;el cabezo de familia&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ni &quot;&lt;em&gt;la cabeza de familia&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (si habla de un padre,  ni &quot;el cabezillo de los bandoleros&quot;. En cualquier caso son palabras que describen quién está al mando, no el sexo que tiene. Esto es más evidente cuando  emplea como adjetivo: la  &quot;&lt;em&gt;jefa de enfermeras&lt;/em&gt;&quot; se convierte en la &quot;&lt;em&gt;enfermera jefe&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, (no en la &quot;&lt;em&gt;enfermera jefa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, por más que se admita &quot;&lt;em&gt;la presidenta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;la jefa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y sea además la tendencia actual, lo más ortodoxo sería emplear &quot;&lt;em&gt;la presidente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;la jefe&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T04:32:58.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3262" CreationDate="2013-01-23T19:04:02.033" Score="6" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;In mathematics a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiver_%28mathematics%29&quot;&gt;quiver&lt;/a&gt; is  a multidigraph. It is a directed graph that allows multiple arrows and loops. The non-mathematical Wikipedia article on the &lt;em&gt;quiver&lt;/em&gt;, corresponds to the Spanish article on &lt;em&gt;carcaj&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aljaba&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is there a standard Spanish translation for the mathematical term?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-01-23T19:11:08.480" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T02:50:12.180" Title="How to translate &quot;quiver&quot;? (mathematics)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3261" CreationDate="2013-01-23T19:30:49.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a mathematician, but, according to what I read in the link you provided:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a quiver is a directed graph where loops and multiple arrows between two vertices are allowed, i.e. a &lt;strong&gt;multidigraph&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;multidigraph&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multigrafo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;multigrafo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T19:30:49.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2013-01-23T19:32:16.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al leat in Spain &quot;veni&quot; is only used when quoting at Julius  Caesar, as noted by imanol, but &quot;vení&quot; probably might be understand like &quot;venid&quot;. So &quot;¡vos, vení!!&quot; ~ &quot;¡vosotros, venid!&quot; ergo  mean &quot;¡tú,ven!&quot;. &quot;Vos&quot; is never used in modern spanish in Spain, but this is nothing compared to decrypt the modern andalusian &quot;venacapacá&quot; that mean &quot;ven acá para acá&quot; (&quot;come here, right here&quot;).    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T19:32:16.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3237" CreationDate="2013-01-24T13:35:57.707" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que puede ser un caso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marca_vulgarizada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulgarización de marca&lt;/a&gt; a partir del nombre de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lafama.cl/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;supermercados &quot;La Fama&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google veo que, además, hay muchos supermercados y establecimientos de venta de comida que se llaman &quot;Fama&quot; o &quot;La Fama&quot; en Colombia y otros países vecinos. No sé si esto es causa o efecto de la expresión en la OP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T14:17:27.477" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T14:17:27.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3266" CreationDate="2013-01-24T15:05:55.823" Score="8" ViewCount="1753" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm quite new to subjuntive and the conditional tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to write: If I had been rich, I would have bought a car.&#xA;Is this correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo hubiera sido rico, compraría un coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should you say it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo hubiera sido rico, habría comprado un coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct that you should use &quot;&lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? Since we know that I'm not rich, but I could be in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you use these tenses correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1264" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T16:32:25.410" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T17:50:03.563" Title="How to write &quot;if this happened, I would have done this&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3265" CreationDate="2013-01-24T15:35:20.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (yo/él/usted) hubiera sido rico, hubiera/habría comprado un carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that if you would have been rich at that time you would have bought the car. This can imply that the situation might have changed. For example you may no longer interested in buying the car. But if at that time the condition would have been true you would have done it. The English translation: &quot;If I had been rich, I would have bought a car.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (yo/él/usted) fuera rico, compraría un carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that if at this time you were rich (you are not rich), you would buy a car. You have the intention to do it only if the condition fulfill. The English translation: &quot;If I were rich, I would buy a car&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (yo/él/usted) fuera rico, hubiera/habría comprado un carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that you were not rich at that time and you are not rich now so you couldn't buy a car. The English translation: &quot;If I were rich, I would have bought a car.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the pronoun is optional and if it can be inferred from the context you usually omit it. Also you can replace the comma with &quot;entonces&quot; example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si (yo/él/usted) fuera rico entonces compraría un carro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that for conditional sentences &quot;si&quot; without accent must be used.  On the other hand &quot;sí&quot; with accent is used to affirm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check more on &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;si&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T17:50:03.563" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T17:50:03.563" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2013-01-24T17:38:38.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de &quot;camina con los codos, para no gastar la suela de los zapatos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busque &quot;camina con los codos&quot; en la red y encontrará muchos ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T17:38:38.370" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3277" CreationDate="2013-01-24T20:42:24.553" Score="4" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día escuché el término &quot;comida sin picor&quot; para referirse a &quot;comida no picante&quot;. En mi caso nunca antes había escuchado el término &quot;picor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué países se usa el término &quot;picor&quot;? ¿Qué tan común o formal es esa palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T17:22:48.070" Title="Comida: picante vs picor" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3268" CreationDate="2013-01-24T21:50:45.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No muy común, en mi experiencia (Argentina), pero tampoco muy desusado. En el ejemplo que traes, el paralelo sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comida &lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt; = Comida con &lt;strong&gt;picor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Comida &lt;strong&gt;sabrosa&lt;/strong&gt; = Comida con &lt;strong&gt;sabor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, la primera forma, con el adjetivo, es más llana y, en mi opinión, preferible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Picor&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es aquí un sustantivo que, a diferencia del &quot;sabor&quot; de mi ejemplo, es ambiguo, porque puede referirse tanto a una cualidad de la comida (ese algo que lo hace ser picante), como también a la &lt;strong&gt;sensación&lt;/strong&gt; que esa comida nos provoca. En este último sentido se puede asimilar a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;picazón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://belleza.uncomo.com/articulo/como-tratar-el-picor-de-la-piel-4907.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ej&lt;/a&gt;), aunque esta última se aplica sobre todo a sensaciones táctiles, más que gustativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para terminar de complicarla, hay que recordar que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; también se usa como sustantivo: la sustancia que se agrega a la comida para hacerla picante. Así que &lt;em&gt;&quot;una  comida con picante&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  es normalmente &lt;em&gt;&quot;una comida picante&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (pero estas dos expresiones no son sinónimas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T21:56:13.843" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T21:56:13.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2747" CreationDate="2013-01-24T22:03:47.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es el lugar ideal para que me corrijan. &#xA;Yo si veo una diferencia significativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extrañar siempre se refiere a algo que ya tuvistes. &#xA;Sin embargo se puede añorar un sueno, un objetivo, ...es un deseo &quot;intimo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será incorrecto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see a major difference: Extrañar allways bind with something you have had.&#xA;But añorar could also refer to something you just want to achieve. One can &quot;miss&quot; a dream, a goal, a desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T22:03:47.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2704" CreationDate="2013-01-24T22:16:16.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;ser casado&quot; and &quot;estar casado&quot; can be use without to refer who is the wife.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But only &quot;estar casado&quot; can be use to refer to the wife. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy casado (solteras, no me miren!). Él sí está casado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo estoy casado con María. Yo estuve casado con ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T22:16:16.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2013-01-24T22:32:17.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba no se dice nada de eso (sería &quot;sumamente raro&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añadimos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;, ¿si?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;, ¿está bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o incluso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;, ¡dale!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:30:15.463" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:30:15.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3268" CreationDate="2013-01-25T20:45:12.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia (Guatemala y Centro América), se usa las palabras &lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;con chile&lt;/strong&gt;.  Independientemente de si el origen del picante es chile o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comida con chile&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Comida picante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-01-26T17:22:48.070" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T17:22:48.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="150" CreationDate="2013-01-25T20:50:54.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Costa Rica, &lt;strong&gt;mae&lt;/strong&gt; is a &amp;quot;crutch&amp;quot; word used at the end of a lot of sentences.  Similar to the &lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt; used elsewhere in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué fue lo que dijiste, mae?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mae, yo sé, mae.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean &amp;quot;you&amp;quot;, but it's also used as an interjection, to &amp;quot;complete&amp;quot; a sentence.  Definitely slang, but used heavily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T20:50:54.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="431" CreationDate="2013-01-25T20:57:27.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchacha&lt;/em&gt; is a weird one in Guatemala at least, and I believe at least Honduras and El Salvador too.  It's usually used to describe a servant or maid of the household.  Not when addressing her (we addressed them by name), but when referring to them in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cuñada está buscando muchacha, pero cuesta encontrar estos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchacho&lt;/em&gt; is seldom used, if at all.  The equivalent would be something like &lt;em&gt;patojo&lt;/em&gt;.  Which I've never heard outside of Guatemala to be honest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also &lt;em&gt;nene/nena&lt;/em&gt;, usually when referring to smaller children, but also when talking with affection towards a person, mostly younger one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T14:35:02.733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T14:35:02.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3268" CreationDate="2013-01-26T00:42:45.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la frase es desafortunada en cualquier país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Picor, según el diccionario de la RAE es la &amp;quot;desazón que causa algo que pica&amp;quot; o el &amp;quot;escozor que resulta en el paladar por haber comido algo picante&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La comida no siente&lt;/strong&gt; desazón ni escozor. Lo siente el comensal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Comida picante&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;comida que pica&amp;quot; o  &amp;quot;comida que &lt;strong&gt;produce&lt;/strong&gt; picor&amp;quot;. Pero &amp;quot;comida con picor&amp;quot; sería &amp;quot;comida que siente picor&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás se vea más claro con algo diferente: Hay &amp;quot;mosquitos que pican&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;mosquitos que producen picor&amp;quot; o pero &amp;quot;mosquitos con picor&amp;quot; serían insectos con urticaria, que en lugar de buscar a sus víctimas se dedicarían a rascarse las antenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, en mi opinión no es comparable &amp;quot;comida con picor&amp;quot;  a &amp;quot;comida con sabor&amp;quot; . El sabor sí es una clara propiedad de la comida (la comida sí tiene sabor), lo mismo que hay mosquitos alados o &amp;quot;mosquitos con alas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T00:48:44.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2013-01-26T19:57:48.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way of getting to &quot;know&quot; something is to &quot;taste&quot; it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, one can get similar &quot;knowledge,&quot; by seeing, hearing, feeling, or smelling. But &quot;tasting&quot; is the arguably the most intimate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T19:57:48.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3279" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-27T01:44:47.317" Score="5" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_conjugation#Regular_-ar_verbs_.28amar.2C_.27to_love.27.29&quot;&gt;According to this Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;, it is possible to recognize the conjugation of a Spanish verb from its infinitive. Is it possible to determine the conjugation of a verb (such as &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;), given its infinitive? If so, how does the infinitive of a verb determine which conjugation it belongs to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T09:04:23.137" Title="How can I recognize the conjugation of a verb from its infinitive?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3279" CreationDate="2013-01-27T03:06:51.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's not possible to conjugate all verbes in all tenses based on their infinitives. In &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages&quot;&gt;Romance languages&lt;/a&gt; there are regular and irregular verbes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding regular verbes, there are a set of rules that apply and which cover all the scenarios of a verbe's conjugation. Generaly speaking, one can learn the set of rules and be able to conjugate any regular verbe. For instance take the regular verbe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/comer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (present tense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo                  como     &#xA;tú                  comes    &#xA;él/ella/Ud.         come     &#xA;nosotros            comemos  &#xA;ellos/ellas/Uds.    comen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conjugation rule clearly states that the root of the verbe is &lt;code&gt;com&lt;/code&gt;, and the endings of the verbes that belong to the same family are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;o&#xA;es&#xA;e&#xA;emos&#xA;en&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now take the all irregular verbe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/ir&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (present tense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo                  voy  &#xA;tú                  vas  &#xA;él/ella/Ud.         va   &#xA;nosotros            vamos    &#xA;ellos/ellas/Uds.    van&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly shows how much the root of the verbe changes compared to the infinitive. All you can do in the case of irregular verbes is memorize the conjugation on their different times (there might be another method but I don't know any).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1259" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T03:06:51.630" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4358" CreationDate="2013-01-27T17:32:20.567" Score="6" ViewCount="3489" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was studying Latin, I would learn the conjugation of each verb by memorizing its principal parts (for example, &quot;amo, amare, amavi, amatus&quot;). In Spanish, are there any principal parts of a verb that can be memorized in order to conjugate every form of a regular verb? According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090913165739AAS5zyM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Yahoo Answers post&lt;/a&gt; (which clearly isn't a reliable source), the principal parts of a Spanish verb correspond directly to those in Latin, but I'm not sure if this correct. Do Spanish verbs have principal parts that can be used to conjugate them, like Latin verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastEditorUserId="1270" LastEditDate="2013-01-28T17:05:01.983" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T01:59:49.010" Title="Do Spanish verbs have principal parts?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3388" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:12:08.283" Score="3" ViewCount="5051" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto la palabra &lt;em&gt;abatizar&lt;/em&gt; en periódicos de Nicaragua, pero no puedo encontrar la palabra ni en el diccionario de la RAE ni en WordReference.com. ¿Exactamente qué significa &lt;em&gt;abatizar&lt;/em&gt; y en cuales regiones se usa? Parece que tiene que ver con la fumigación de insectos, pero ¿cómo es diferente que &lt;em&gt;fumigar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-02-13T20:58:07.417" Title="¿Qué significa abatizar (visto en Nicaragua)?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3362" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:18:51.017" Score="13" ViewCount="5042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned that &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish means both &quot;alone&quot; (the simple fact of not having anyone else around) and &quot;lonely&quot; (feeling sad because of being alone). Is there any way of distinguishing between these two English meanings in Spanish? Or is the context in which &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; is used the only way to determine which of the two senses is intended?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T12:26:11.433" Title="Can Spanish distinguish between &quot;lonely&quot; and &quot;alone&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3281" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:32:37.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish regular verbs have -ar, -er or -ir endings. If you drop those endings, you get a &quot;principal&quot; part or &quot;stem&quot; that you can conjugate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these principal parts change the stem in certain conjugate forms. For instance, tener has ten-go and ten-emos in the first person forms, but the stem changes to tien-es, tien-e and tien-en in the second and third person forms (the second person plural is teneis, and retains its stem). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:32:37.120" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1575" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:41:00.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estar ansioso de and estar ansioso por can be similar insofar as they mean &quot;to be anxious regarding...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they could have different versions of &quot;regarding.&quot; &quot;Estar ansioso por ti&quot; means &quot;to be afraid FOR you&quot; (that something bad will happen to you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estar ansioso de ti&quot; could mean to be afraid OF you (that you will do something bad to me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:41:00.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2119" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:47:01.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gente is called a &quot;collective&quot; noun, for &quot;people,&quot; in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona(s), on the other hand, refer to INDIVIDUAL &quot;people.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:47:01.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1520" CreationDate="2013-01-27T23:53:16.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desafío&quot; is equivalent to the English word &quot;defy,&quot; which is to say that it is a challenge thrown down by another person. &quot;Reto&quot; has more of the connotation of &quot;obstacle,&quot; something you want to overcome, but maybe set by &quot;nature&quot; rather than another person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T23:53:16.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1745" CreationDate="2013-01-28T00:00:19.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un poco de&quot; is an &quot;adverb of quantity.&quot; E.g. &quot;Un poco de agua&quot; (a little bit of water).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un poco moreno&quot; (a little brown or dark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreno is an intangible quality that is NOT &quot;quantified,&quot; and therefore we omit the de. On the other hand, water is quantified, so we use the de.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T00:00:19.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1004" CreationDate="2013-01-28T00:07:42.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parar is the closest Spanish equivalent of to &quot;stop,&quot; (at least in the sense of stopping a car or bus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detener has the connotation of to &quot;detain,&quot; &quot;prevent,&quot; or &quot;halt&quot; and is a form of &quot;stopping.&quot; (I stopped him from going.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejar means to &quot;leave,&quot; &quot;cease&quot; or &quot;let go,&quot; and means &quot;stop&quot; in the sense of &quot;no longer.&quot; (I stopped doing that.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabar is to &quot;finish,&quot; or &quot;end.&quot; (I finished (stopped) eating.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1433" LastEditDate="2013-03-31T16:43:30.513" LastActivityDate="2013-03-31T16:43:30.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3221" CreationDate="2013-01-28T00:15:45.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One tool I use in learning foreign languages is the word list for Basic English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Basic_English_word_list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Basic_English_word_list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I learn the translations of these basic words in my target language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T00:15:45.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-28T01:47:59.670" Score="2" ViewCount="9582" Body="&lt;p&gt;English has several specific words for different types of sweet, baked products:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cake&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pastry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;torte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cobbler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish have the same level of detail for describing these sweets? What would be the best translation of each of the words above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T00:54:00.717" Title="Spanish words for cake, pie, pastry, etc" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-01-30T18:57:30.997" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3296" CreationDate="2013-01-28T01:56:06.847" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English (at least US English), it is common to use &quot;up&quot; and &quot;down&quot; when giving directions. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When are you coming down to visit us?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I went up to see him for the weekend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;up&quot; and &quot;down&quot; can refer to either north/south or higher/lower elevation. Are there equivalent terms in Spanish? What would be the most natural translation of sentences like these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T03:29:48.027" Title="Coming &quot;down&quot; or &quot;up&quot; (traveling from one place to another)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3295" CreationDate="2013-01-28T02:34:06.253" Score="6" ViewCount="5771" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found myself needing a word for &quot;snowflake&quot; and &quot;snowman&quot; while talking to family.  My nephew was holding a toy snowflake and snowman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most spanish-speaking countries live rather close to the equator, so any winter vocabulary would be hypothetical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there Mexican or Puerto Rican snow-related words?  Maybe it snows in some parts of South America in the winter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T05:30:14.737" Title="Spanish for &quot;snowflake&quot; and &quot;snowman&quot; in various regions?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3261" CreationDate="2013-01-28T02:50:12.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, a &lt;em&gt;quiver&lt;/em&gt; the container for the collection of arrows.  So the vocabulary must come from archery.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a list of Spanish archery terms &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lograrco.es/pdf/Diccionario.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.lograrco.es/pdf/Diccionario.pdf&lt;/a&gt; they suggest &lt;strong&gt;carcaj&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spanish experts on quivers are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.uni-bonn.de/people/labardin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Daniel Labardini Fragoso&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2930&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oscar Chacaltana&lt;/a&gt;.  I wonder what word they use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/17949100/carcaj.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/17949100/carcaj.gif&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/17949100/quiver.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/17949100/quiver.gif&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T02:50:12.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3293" CreationDate="2013-01-28T03:13:36.857" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;snowflake&quot; -&gt; &quot;Copo de nieve&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;snowman&quot;   -&gt; &quot;Muñeco de nieve&quot; (also, but usual only in some countries &quot;Hombre de nieve&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;flake&quot; usually translates as &quot;copo&quot;, but depending on the use could also be &quot;hojuela&quot; or &quot;lámina&quot; (as in tobacco flakes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-01-28T05:30:14.737" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T05:30:14.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2013-01-28T03:22:14.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si alguien vive en la montaña y va hacia un valle, es común (coloquialmente) decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cuándo vas a bajar a visitarnos?&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;exactamente lo mismo vale para &quot;subir&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRT the Notrth-South orientation, depends on the region, but yes, I've heard it many times (but more colloquial yet than the previous usage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the common use to add &quot;up&quot; or &quot;down&quot; to round up the sound of some verbs in English hasn't  a correlation in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-01-28T03:29:48.027" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T03:29:48.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-28T03:31:42.893" Score="2" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a computer programming event next week, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hack.decodedfashion.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Decoded Fashion&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  I had write (in Spanish) that I was going to this event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found two translations on Google translate: &lt;em&gt;descodificar&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;em&gt;descifrar&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My impression is both are correct, but what are the differences in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T08:04:56.817" Title="&quot;Decoded&quot; Fashion ?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3283" CreationDate="2013-01-28T09:53:45.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question was answered by belisarius, but what he last commented is a common issue, to solve it we earlier used the accent over the first &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; as explained below, but recently the &amp;quot;RAE&amp;quot; (Real Academia Española) decided to remove this rule, anyway most people keep on using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2.3: sólo/solo. The word &lt;code&gt;solo&lt;/code&gt; can be an adjetive: &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;No me gusta el café solo&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot;; &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Vive él solo en esa gran mansión&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot;; or an adverb: &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Solo nos llovió dos días&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot;; &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Contesta solo sí o no&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually as it's a &amp;quot;llana&amp;quot; word ended in vowel it shouldn't have accent but when it could be misinterpreted in a sentence as adverb or adjective, we'll use the accent in the adverb to avoid confusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Estaré solo un mes&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; (as it doesn't have accent it is interpreted as adjective: alone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Estaré sólo un mes&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; (as it has accent, it is interpreted as adverb: only)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=125355&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Translation from source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1271" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T12:26:11.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3291" CreationDate="2013-01-28T13:56:16.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   cake   --&amp;gt; bizcocho      &#xA;   pie    --&amp;gt; pastel    &#xA;   pastry --&amp;gt; pasta   &#xA;   tart   --&amp;gt; tarta    &#xA;   torte  --&amp;gt; torta&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know about cobbler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="373" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T13:56:16.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-28T16:49:11.830" Score="4" ViewCount="2779" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son las &lt;strong&gt;diferencias semánticas&lt;/strong&gt; entre &quot;se me olvidó&quot; y &quot;olvidé&quot;?&#xA;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me olvidó mi teléfono. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Olvidé mi teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que cuando se usa el reflexivo, esto indica menos responsabilidad de parte del sujeto que realiza la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me perdieron las llaves de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdí las llaves de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T01:40:57.297" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:40:57.297" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;se me olvidó&quot; y &quot;olvidé&quot;?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3302" CreationDate="2013-01-28T16:53:08.137" Score="7" ViewCount="1820" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently staying with a Mexican family, and during lunch, the children (ages 8 and 5) were being rather unruly.  The grandmother would command them:  &lt;em&gt;¡A comer!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never heard a command in this grammatical form.  What is the use of this form of a (psuedo?) command?  How commonly is this used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T14:50:01.940" Title="Grammar of &quot;¡A comer!&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3301" CreationDate="2013-01-28T17:01:17.687" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a shorten form of &quot;pongamonos &lt;strong&gt;a comer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb is &quot;poner&quot; in its imperative form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ponte a + &lt;strong&gt;infinitive&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nostros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pongamonos a + &lt;strong&gt;infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ustedes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ponganse a + &lt;strong&gt;infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡A trabajar! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ponte a trabajar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Pongamonos a trabajar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE defines this use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/poner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poner&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;41 . prnl. Comenzar a ejecutar una determinada acción. Ponerse A escribir, A estudiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically it means &quot;to begin doing something&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the shorten form depending on the context you can infer the pronoun. In your example because it was a family and most family eat together the pronoun was &quot;nosotros&quot; thus &quot;pongamonos a comer&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In its imperative form it is used to command. I don't know if it is used in all Spanish speaking countries but at least in Mexico is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T17:55:51.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3300" CreationDate="2013-01-28T21:12:33.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer estás buscando una diferencia semántica del tipo cognitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya mencionaste, en numerosas ocasiones los individuos usamos e interpretamos la diferencia como una cualidad que cae en la &quot;responsabilidad moral&quot; que una persona asume sobre la acción o el evento narrado; ya que la palabra &quot;se&quot;, es normalmente utilizada para hacer una construcción pre-nominal de tercera persona, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se saltó la barda. Se metió a la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, desde una perspectiva psicológica se vuelve reflexivo, precisamente porque reflexionar sobre las propias acciones requiere de un mecanismo cognitivo de &quot;exteriorización&quot; u observación hacia uno mismo desde una perspectiva de 3ra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te subiero leer teoría sobre las distintas capas de conciencia que construyen la identidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberte ayudado. Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T21:12:33.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-29T03:01:22.483" Score="2" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any software that I can use to find all forms of a Spanish verb, given one form of the verb? I know of an online tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://archives.nd.edu/words.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Whitaker's Words&lt;/a&gt; that does this for Latin verbs, but I haven't yet found an equivalent tool for Spanish verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T15:21:35.490" Title="Find all forms of a verb, given one form of the verb" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-07-28T11:00:08.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3304" CreationDate="2013-01-29T03:01:22.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There actually is one website that I know of that can do this - see here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/spanish_verb_conjugation/despedir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.123teachme.com/spanish_verb_conjugation/despedir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T03:01:22.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3297" CreationDate="2013-01-29T08:04:56.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Descodificar' means 'decode', 'descifrar' means 'decipher'. The same differences, if any, that apply to English apply to Spanish.&#xA;As this in an event name, I don't think you should translate it, but if you have to, the proper translation would be 'Moda Descodificada' (that, by the way, doesn't sounds very cool in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1273" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T08:04:56.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3304" CreationDate="2013-01-29T15:28:07.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onoma.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This website&lt;/a&gt; is an automatic conjugator for Spanish verbs. Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T15:28:07.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3291" CreationDate="2013-01-29T16:11:54.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with F.Tusell, although I would add that this words vary from one country to another. I've heard people from Argentina call &quot;torta&quot; to things that a Spaniard would consider &quot;empanada&quot; (something like a salted pie). To a Spaniard, &quot;torta&quot; is usually something sweet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T16:11:54.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3279" CreationDate="2013-01-29T16:20:29.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a model of the Spanish conjugation that explains that is possible to know if a verb is regular or irregular (and if it's irregular, how it must be conjugated) just by looking at its infinitive and following eight steps. If the infinitive meets any of the eight requirements (the verb ends in a particular ending, has a particular vowel or consonant in the stem, follows a rule of accentuation) it will be irregular. It's a model of conjugation based in logic rather than memory. I'm attaching a diagram that gives you an idea of how this system works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a book that explains the complete model (&quot;Aprende a conjugar el verbo en español&quot;/&quot;Learn to conjugate the Spanish Verb&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://molinodeideas.es/descargas/aprende_a_conjugar.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish preview in pdf here&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cL8Pa.png&quot; alt=&quot;How to know if a Spanish verb is irregular&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastEditorUserId="1275" LastEditDate="2013-01-30T09:04:23.137" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T09:04:23.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3301" CreationDate="2013-01-30T00:07:58.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is definitively a VERY common form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Ve) ¡A dormir!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Empecemos) ¡A correr! ¡Huyamos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(?) ¡A callar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ponte)¡A trabajar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel it is oft used to interrupt an activity in favor of what you command, immediatly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T14:50:01.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2013-01-30T01:19:21.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the information (numbers, words, sentences, ideas, formulas, small figures…) is organized more or less in columns and rows it is a tabla. But if it is organized in others forms, more generals, possible including lists, diagrams, etc. it will be a (re)cuadro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T01:19:21.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-30T17:40:24.233" Score="3" ViewCount="12123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there are different ways to translate &quot;later,&quot; depending on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;más tarde&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;después&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;luego&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entonces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en otra ocasión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And perhaps others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I decide which translation of &quot;later&quot; to use in different contexts? When is each appropriate and/or inappropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-01-31T01:45:01.687" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T00:52:27.137" Title="How to say &quot;later&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3315" CreationDate="2013-01-30T20:10:52.930" Score="7" ViewCount="10762" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué palabra es adecuada para describir a una persona que suda mucho?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T18:10:31.003" Title="¿Qué palabra se usa para describir a alguien que suda mucho?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3314" CreationDate="2013-01-30T20:44:56.080" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=sudoroso&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot;&gt;sudoroso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sudoroso, sa.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;1. adj.&lt;/em&gt; Que está sudando mucho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;2. adj.&lt;/em&gt; Muy propenso a sudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2013-01-30T20:44:56.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3281" CreationDate="2013-01-31T02:35:13.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, conjugations change depending on the category of the verb (AR, ER, IR verbs). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example for the present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Subject                       AM+AR     COM+ER    VIV+IR&#xA;I                             AMo       COMo      VIVo&#xA;You                           AMas      COMes     VIVes&#xA;He, She, It, You (formal)     AMa       COMe      VIVe&#xA;We                            AMamos    COMemos   VIVimos&#xA;You, They                     AMan      COMen     VIVen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are irregular verbs!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1279" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-02-03T00:54:24.153" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T00:54:24.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3313" CreationDate="2013-01-31T14:35:07.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me the most appropriated translation to &quot;later&quot; in general is &lt;strong&gt;más tarde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Después&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;after&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;luego&lt;/em&gt; can be translation for &quot;later&quot; in expressions as &quot;¡Hasta luego!&quot; (See you later!) or as Chewie pointed in sentences as &quot;Bajaré la basura luego.&quot;, &quot;Luego iré a tu casa&quot;. In last two examples if you use &quot;más tarde&quot; instead of &quot;luego&quot; it also makes perfect sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;then&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;en otra ocasión&lt;/em&gt; is like &quot;in other occasion/situation&quot; or &quot;in another moment&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So generally I would suggest you to translate &quot;later&quot; as &lt;strong&gt;más tarde&lt;/strong&gt;, but you can use &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt; in a context where &quot;later&quot; can be replaced by &quot;after&quot;, &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; when &quot;later&quot; has a meaning like &quot;then&quot;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastEditorUserId="1134" LastEditDate="2013-01-31T17:39:42.040" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T17:39:42.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3325" CreationDate="2013-01-31T14:41:48.380" Score="10" ViewCount="28753" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien no se da por vencido y sigue insistiendo a veces en España se dice &lt;em&gt;tienes más moral que el Alcoyano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alcoyano&lt;/em&gt; es el gentilicio de Alcoy (provincia de Alicante), pero ¿cúal es el origen de está expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T09:14:55.317" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;tener más moral que el Alcoyano&quot;" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2013-01-31T16:29:06.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se refiere al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Club_Deportivo_Alcoyano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;equipo de fútbol de Alcoy&lt;/a&gt;. No sé mucho de fútbol, pero parece que, a pesar de perder constantemente, el equipo siempre aparece en las quinielas, tiene la moral alta y está dispuesto a jugar otro partido contra un nuevo rival.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que ayude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1231" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2021-03-23T09:14:55.317" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T09:14:55.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3313" CreationDate="2013-01-31T16:31:05.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Later' has many literal translations that Flimzy already pointed in his question. I was refering to the use of 'later' as 'see you later' in English and in Spanish it's 'Hasta luego'. And about when to use each word in the question I'd say: 'después, (after some event), 'entonces, (at a certain time) and 'más tarde', 'luego' and 'en otra ocasión' refer to diferent times in the future, 'luego' being the closest one to the present, refering to some minutes, and 'en otra ocasión' refering to many days in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1280" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-02-03T00:52:27.137" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T00:52:27.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3313" CreationDate="2013-02-01T01:41:27.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These suggestions should be taken lightly (I don't think there's a definitive answer), but a rough guideline would be to consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;más tarde&lt;/strong&gt; - sometime later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt; - afterwards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luego&lt;/strong&gt; - later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt; - then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en otra ocasión&lt;/strong&gt; - some other time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In english, if asked &quot;Could you take the trash out?&quot;, it doesn't make much sense to just answer &quot;afterwards&quot;. In spanish it does, but it might give the impression that you're not interested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If used at the beginning of a sentence as a way to tie to the previous idea, they're pretty much interchangeable, except for &quot;en otra ocasión&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más tarde, se reunió con sus amigos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Después fueron a comer juntos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Luego fueron a tomar café.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Entonces decidieron ir al cine.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      En otra ocasión irían a jugar billar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the first 4 statements state an action that happened after the previous statement. The fifth statement refers to another event altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated back to English, we'd have something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sometime later, he gathered with some friends.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Afterwards, they had lunch together.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Later they went to have some coffee.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Then they decided to go to the movies.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Some other time they'd go play billiards.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-01T21:38:48.650" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T21:38:48.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2013-02-01T03:53:50.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; se usa mucho mas que &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; (al menos en los pueblos y ciudades). Me atrevo a decir que el uso de &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; se restringe a cuando &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; no es apropiado. Con esto afirmo además que no son iguales. Difícilmente diría &quot;Muévete hacia aquí!&quot; señalando a un lugar cerca de mí... diría &quot;hacia acá&quot; (pa'cá...). Noten que el sentido de direccion es lo que definitivamente las diferencia en la definición de la RAE que da @pferor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Cuba &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; is used much more than &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; (at least in towns and cities). I dare say that using &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; is restricted to when &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; is not appropriate, and so they're not quite identical. I would never say &quot;Muévete hacia aquí!&quot; pointing to a place close to me... instead I would say &quot;hacia acá&quot; (pa'cá...). Notice that the sense of direction is what definitely makes the difference in the definition of the RAE given by @pferor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:42:44.013" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:42:44.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3324" CreationDate="2013-02-01T04:14:14.163" Score="8" ViewCount="8722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer en un diario español la frase &quot;para más inri&quot;, y según el diccionario on-line que ofrecen, significa &quot;por si fuera poco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo nunca había leído ni escuchado tal frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta principal es: ¿es una frase usada y entendida solamente en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como extra, me permito consultarle a quienes la conozcan o la usen, cuál sería su origen más plausible, o aquél totalmente descrito y documentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've just read from a Spanish newspaper the phrase &quot;para más inri&quot;, whose meaning according to their on-line dictionary is something like &quot;if it wasn't enough&quot; (&quot;por si fuera poco&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I read such a phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main question is: is this a phrase used and understood only in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an extra for this question, I would like to know &amp;mdash;from those who use or know it&amp;mdash; what's its more probable or really known origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T18:34:01.260" Title="Origen y uso de la frase &quot;Para más inri&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3323" CreationDate="2013-02-01T09:46:48.117" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/inri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;INRI&lt;/a&gt; es un acrónimo que singifica &lt;em&gt;Iēsus Nazarēnus, Rēx Iūdaeōrum&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, &quot;Jesús de Nazaret, Rey de los Judíos&quot;. Según la tradición cristiana, tal y como aparece en la Biblia, la razón por la que Jesús fue crucificado era que se había erigido como rey de los judíos. Como parte de las burlas de los soldados, le pusieron una túnica morada (que implica estatus real), una corona de espinos e inscribieron en la cruz las susodichas siglas INRI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, la frase &quot;para más inri&quot; se utiliza como &quot;por si fuera poco&quot;, &quot;para mayor escarnio&quot;, &quot;para más ironía&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España la he usado y escuchado mucho. Desconozco su uso fuera de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T09:46:48.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2013-02-01T21:50:28.223" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se refiere al &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cdalcoyano.com/&quot;&gt;C. D. Alcoyano&lt;/a&gt;, equipo de fútbol de la ciudad española que indicas. Hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/20121031/deportes-futbol/abci-leyenda-moral-alcoyano-201210301643.html&quot;&gt;dos teorías sobre el origen&lt;/a&gt; de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera dice que en un partido de Copa, el árbitro, un minuto antes de tiempo, pitó el final del partido, y los del Alcoyano  se lo recriminaron porque creían que era posible remontar pese a que iban perdiendo por goleada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay quien dice que la leyenda se gestó en 1948 durante un partido de Copa cuando el conjunto de Alcoy caía goleado. Según esta tesis, el árbitro dio por finalizado el encuentro a falta de un minuto y los jugadores corrieron hacia él para pedirle que se disputaran los 60 segundos que restaban. Mantenían la moral y confiaban ciegamente en una remontada imposible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda teoría dice que en un partido de Liga iban perdiendo por goleada y todavía tenían moral y ánimo para seguir jugando porque pensaban que podrían remontar y ganar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otros se apuntan a la teoría de que la leyenda tiene su origen en un partido de Liga cuando el Alcoyano militaba en Tercera división. Perdía por 13-0 y sus futbolistas no paraban de darse ánimos en la creencia de que la victoria todavía era posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-04T12:26:11.653" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T12:26:11.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3330" CreationDate="2013-02-02T03:10:23.170" Score="11" ViewCount="17273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that both &amp;quot;volver&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;regresar&amp;quot; can mean &amp;quot;to return&amp;quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que regresar mañana...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que volver mañana...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between these two words?  If so, how do I choose which to us in which context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T13:23:23.467" Title="Difference between &quot;volver&quot; and &quot;regresar&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3326" CreationDate="2013-02-02T03:40:01.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference. But «volver» is less formal than «regresar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1285" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T03:40:01.013" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3326" CreationDate="2013-02-02T16:42:59.687" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For most cases, you should be able to use either interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, keep in mind you should say &quot;&lt;em&gt;tengo que volver a hacer el reporte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; instead of using &quot;&lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but only when you mean that you have to do it all over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mean you have to go back to a physical place, &quot;&lt;em&gt;tengo que regresar a la oficina a hacer el reporte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is just ok and the answer above still holds true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or like @AlfredoOsorio mentioned: &lt;em&gt;Tengo que regresar a la oficina para volver a hacer el reporte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T16:42:59.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3314" CreationDate="2013-02-03T04:25:34.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sudoroso/a&quot; es el único adjectivo correcto que se me ocurre, pero en mi experiencia (Argentina) la palabra es &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; poco usada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan suda (o transpira) mucho&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es mucho más común, y a mis oídos suena más natural, que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Fulano es sudoroso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T04:25:34.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3326" CreationDate="2013-02-03T17:41:56.950" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are rather interchangeable, with one key difference: The word &quot;volver&quot; can be used to mean &quot;to repeat&quot; or &quot;to ... again&quot; which is not a meaning &quot;regresar&quot; can take on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vuelvo a la casa a las 5./Regreso a la casa a las 5,&quot; basically mean the same thing.  However:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No me contestó la primera vez, pero cuando volví a llamar, sí&quot; is correct, but the same sentence using &quot;regresar&quot; is ungrammatical as far as I've heard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T17:41:56.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3332" CreationDate="2013-02-03T19:37:36.467" Score="9" ViewCount="7675" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasil#Demograf.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article in Spanish about Brazil&lt;/a&gt;, both terms, &lt;em&gt;brasileño&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt;, are used as gentilic for people born in Brazil. It also mentions that &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt; is used only on certain regions and as an adjective. So, the question is, under what circumstances is it acceptable to use &lt;em&gt;brasileño&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasil#Demograf.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo en español de Wikipedia acerca de Brasil&lt;/a&gt; ambos términos, &lt;em&gt;brasileño&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt;, son usados como gentilicio para personas nacidas es Brasil. También se menciona que &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt; es usado solamente en algunas regiones  y como un adjetivo. Así que la pregunta es: ¿bajo qué circunstancias es aceptable usar &lt;em&gt;brasileño&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quotation/Citación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El natural de Brasil se denomina brasileño o brasileña, aunque en el habla corriente de varios países hispanos limítrofes con Brasil, también se usa con carácter de sinónimo tanto brasilero como brasilera, así como también se usan estos dos términos en otros diferentes contextos, al utilizarlos por ejemplo como adjetivo o como sustantivo.267 Véase que en la formación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentilicio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gentilicios&lt;/a&gt; en idioma español, se usan ambas terminaciones -eño, -ero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1287" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T13:53:02.610" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T06:44:42.763" Title="Is it acceptable to say &quot;brasilero&quot; instead of &quot;brasileño&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3331" CreationDate="2013-02-03T20:06:12.373" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word for the citizen of Brasil in Portuguese is &lt;em&gt;brasileiro&lt;/em&gt;. I think because of the many similarities that Spanish and Portuguese language have, it was added to the Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your quotation says that the countries close to Brazil are the ones saying &lt;em&gt;brasilero&lt;/em&gt;, so that makes a lot of sense, because they are more in contact with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Brasileño&lt;/em&gt; has been always the word for citizens of Brazil in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1262" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T13:52:00.070" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T13:52:00.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3331" CreationDate="2013-02-04T00:31:47.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being from Argentina (next to Brasil) we use both without distinction. I can't assure you that's common outside South America (meaning the rest of Latin America and Spain), but I reckon Spanish speakers from all around will understand both without a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if you are writing for a newspaper or your PhD I'd suggest to use &lt;em&gt;brasileño&lt;/em&gt;, which is the former one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1289" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T13:51:15.803" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T13:51:15.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3331" CreationDate="2013-02-04T04:52:06.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España &quot;brasilero&quot; no se usa nunca, o al menos yo nunca lo he escuchado de boca de alguien nacido en este lado del charco. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más, creo que si a los españoles nos piden usar otra palabra en lugar de &quot;brasileño&quot;, seguro que a la mayoría se nos vendría a la mente de forma espontánea &quot;brasileiro&quot;,&quot;brazilian&quot;,  o incluso &quot;brésilien&quot; pero no &quot;brasilero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T04:52:06.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3326" CreationDate="2013-02-04T05:37:16.823" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedo usar &lt;code&gt;&quot;volver a Granada&quot;&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;&quot;regresar a Granada&quot;&lt;/code&gt; de forma indistinta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y puedo usar &lt;code&gt;&quot;volver a empezar&quot;&lt;/code&gt; pero no &lt;code&gt;&quot;regresar a empezar&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, aunque sí podría decir &lt;code&gt;&quot;regresar al principio&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si sales bien parado de un grave golpe en la cabeza has &lt;code&gt;&quot;vuelto a nacer&quot;&lt;/code&gt; pero nunca &lt;code&gt;&quot;regresas a nacer&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Si sales mal del accidente, a lo peor, coloquialmente hablando, &lt;code&gt;&quot;te vuelves tonto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; pero no &lt;code&gt;&quot;regresas tonto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; a menos que te hayas alejado al sufrir el accidente y entres a casa amnésico o dando tumbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Regresar&quot; es siempre sinónimo de &quot;volver&quot; en el sentido de llegar de nuevo al punto de partida, volver a entrar (&quot;ingresar&quot;) al lugar de donde se sale (de donde se &quot;egresa&quot; sin &quot;r&quot;). Como vemos la palabra deriva de &quot;egresar&quot;, es decir, de un desusado antónimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio &quot;volver&quot; tiene muchos significados y sólo en algunos casos se puede considerar el antónimo de salir, partir o egresar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T13:23:23.467" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T13:23:23.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1392" CreationDate="2013-02-04T12:49:18.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It’s interesting to notice that even though (at least in Spain) “middle-aged women seeking romantic relationships with younger men” are nowadays a relatively common species, there isn’t a specific word to name those ladies, maybe because the phenomenon is recent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s very strange that a slang word doesn’t exist yet, as it is a familiar character in novels, movies and television.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English “cougar” doesn’t exist as a common anglicism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sexually bold or agressive woman could be called a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tigresa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;leona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;loba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but she could be of any age.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for now we have to translate “cougar” as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;una mujer madura que persigue hombres jóvenes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T12:49:18.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3338" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3350" CreationDate="2013-02-04T16:20:51.320" Score="4" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do Mexicans refer to the wedding ceremony and the celebration following the wedding? I am attending a Mexican wedding and would like to refer to these events properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1292" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T20:42:25.063" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T20:44:56.823" Title="Names of wedding reception and ceremony in Mexico" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-04T16:43:04.853" Score="12" ViewCount="10391" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana estaba en un hotel con una amiga esperando a otros amigos para salir juntos.  Mi amiga dijo a la recepcionista: -&quot;Estamos esperando unos amigos. ¿Usted puede avisarnos cuando lleguen, por favor?&quot;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero nuestros amigos cancelaron, y después mi amiga dijo a la recepcionista: -&quot;Siempre no vienen.&quot;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt; Esto pasó en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-02-05T20:12:03.927" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T02:04:39.600" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;siempre sí&quot; y &quot;siempre no&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-04T19:13:59.540" Score="2" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it important for young children (4 or 5 years old) in a Spanish language immersion program to be exposed to more than one type of Spanish language accent? If the child only hears one accent for the first two years of learning Spanish, will that make it hard for the child to comprehend and/or adjust his/her own accent later when exposed to other accents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1293" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T22:50:12.803" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T22:50:12.803" Title="Early childhood Spanish language immersion accent exposure" Tags="&lt;bilingüismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-03-23T11:59:42.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3339" CreationDate="2013-02-04T20:33:25.540" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés eso podría entenderse como &quot;Actually, they are not coming&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siempre sí: Actually, yes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siempre no: Actually, no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Persona 1&lt;/em&gt;: ¿Desea otra bebida?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Persona 2&lt;/em&gt;: Si por favor... pensándolo bien, siempre no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto en el que tu amiga dijo eso, yo lo interpretaría como cambiar de opinión a último momento. De modo que otra forma en la que se podría decir lo mismo es: &quot;Al final no vienen&quot;. De modo que la recepcionista entendería que ya no tiene que avisarles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1287" LastEditorUserId="1287" LastEditDate="2013-02-04T20:52:47.980" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T20:52:47.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3340" CreationDate="2013-02-05T00:23:17.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be, but in spite of strong accent differences, Spanish people can understand perfectly accents from any part from Spain or from American countries. A child from Madrid understand without problem the Mexican &quot;Chapulin Colorado&quot; series, as well as any children program from the Andalusian TV &quot;Canal Sur&quot; with a strong &quot;seseo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem exist when the supposed &quot;Spanish&quot; is not really Spanish with a particular &quot;habla&quot;, but some kind of marginal urban jargon, a strong dialect of some isolated rural areas, or it is plenty of localisms, or when people speak quickly without vocalizing. And IMO all of this should be avoided in an immersion program. Using only words understandable in any Spanish country, the accent does not matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-02-05T19:12:06.360" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T19:12:06.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3340" CreationDate="2013-02-05T00:44:29.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think so.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think a firm grounding in one variety of Spanish is important.  I also think that the decision between European vs. Latin American Spanish is important very early on, as the differences are more pronounced and there's more of a dividing line there.  But at the end of the day, I think learning the fundamentals and &quot;standard&quot; pronunciation is most important, while a person who dedicates themselves to learning the language will pick up the proper (as in appropriate for where they live) regional color and dialect afterwards anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T00:44:29.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3339" CreationDate="2013-02-05T00:48:18.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very simple: Whenever you see these phrases, think of the English phrase, &quot;after all.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siempre no van a venir.&quot; = &quot;[I thought they were coming, but] they're not coming after all.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siempre sí va a venir.&quot; = &quot;[I thought she wasn't coming, but] she's coming after all.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It normally comes at the beginning of the sentences as opposed to &quot;after all&quot; which is appended to the end of a sentence, but the meaning is identical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T21:22:07.713" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T21:22:07.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3339" CreationDate="2013-02-05T00:59:38.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si realmente la amiga quería decir lo que dijo, la acción de &quot;no venir&quot; ocurre &quot;siempre&quot; y como dice belisarius, quería decir que &quot;Nunca vienen&quot;. Por el contexto de la historia puede ser este su verdadero significado, pero es una construcción inusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, otra posibilidad sería que simplemente se equivocó, y quería decir &quot;No siempre vienen&quot;, con el sentido de &quot;Algunas veces no vienen&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T00:59:38.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3348" CreationDate="2013-02-05T05:44:56.397" Score="2" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me sale naturalmente juntar ambas palabras.&#xA;¿Existe algun recurso literario que valide esta forma de expresion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me explico&quot; -&gt; &quot;Mesplico&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="308" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T14:21:59.963" Title="Recurso literario para convertir &quot;Me explico&quot; en &quot;Mesplico&quot;" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3339" CreationDate="2013-02-05T13:21:19.990" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un mejicanismo. De &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/obras/suma/r3/buscar.asp?idVocabulum=79&amp;amp;starts=S&amp;amp;word=siempre%20s%ED,%20siempre%20no&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En 1896, Ramos y Duarte (Diccionario de mejicanismos) escribía que la expresión siempre no era propia del Distrito Federal y daba el siguiente ejemplo: &quot;¿Va usted o no? —Siempre no voy&quot;. Y añadía: &quot;suprímase el siempre, y estará bien; porque siempre significa 'en todo o en cualquier tiempo'&quot;. Algunos años antes, en 1892, José Sánchez Samoano, en su libro Modismos, locuciones y términos mexicanos, escribió al respecto el siguiente verso: &quot;Allí [en México] es la palabra siempre / negación y afirmación; así dicen siempre sí / como dicen siempre no&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;          Efectivamente, en el español mexicano actual es frecuente que el adverbio siempre, acompañado de sí o no, equivalga semánticamente a 'al fin', 'de todos modos', 'definitivamente', 'resueltamente', 'en cualquier caso', según los diferentes contextos. Resultan así expresiones sumamente curiosas para quien sólo conoce los sentidos de siempre que registra la Academia. Vienen a ser así inanalizables expresiones tales como &quot;siempre no se murió el viejito&quot;, &quot;siempre sí fui a la fiesta&quot;, que cualquier mexicano dice y entiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-02-05T19:58:45.977" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T19:58:45.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2013-02-06T10:19:42.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que es más una elisión que una sinalefa, pero además se cambia la &quot;x&quot; por &quot;s&quot;. Como figura retórica, entrecomillada o en letra cursiva, para indicar que alguien pronuncia de esta forma &quot;me explico&quot;, cabe cualquier &quot;atentado lingüístico&quot;, pero en otro caso es inaceptable en un escrito formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro caso, podría extenderse este recurso a cualquier parte del texto, y al final nos ocurriría como al que imaginó hacer una &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://desdeelparedon.blogspot.com.es/2011/11/perez-reverte-sensilla-ortografia-para.html&quot;&gt;Sensilla ortografia para ke todo sea mas fasil&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: que lo escribes no se parezca en nada al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-02-06T14:20:10.033" LastActivityDate="2013-02-06T14:20:10.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3351" CreationDate="2013-02-06T15:41:39.763" Score="7" ViewCount="34388" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;primero plato&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;primer&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;primer numero&lt;/em&gt;?  ¿Cuál es la diferencia?  Estoy confundido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1294" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T16:15:53.887" LastActivityDate="2020-12-04T15:00:22.337" Title="¿Cuándo se utiliza «primer» y «primero»?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3338" CreationDate="2013-02-06T17:55:47.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can safely refer to those as &quot;Recepción&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banquete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Banquete&lt;/a&gt;&quot; for &quot;Wedding Reception&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceremonia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ceremonia&lt;/a&gt;&quot; for &quot;Wedding Ceremony&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, for the first part I'd use &quot;Recepción&quot;, it's more adequate in all cases, because the word &quot;Banquete&quot; can be awkward if the mentioned event is actually a small and humble one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1287" LastActivityDate="2013-02-06T17:55:47.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3349" CreationDate="2013-02-06T18:01:08.850" Score="13" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice primero en 'primero plato' ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se dice, &quot;primero plato&quot; (¿dónde lo has visto?), se dice &quot;primer plato&quot;. La regla es: el adjetivo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; toma la forma abreviada (apócope) &quot;&lt;strong&gt;primer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; cuando va delante de un sustantivo masculino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-02-06T18:01:08.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2013-02-07T04:58:11.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been searching for that too and what I found was this: &quot;Adhesivo para pegar azulejo mosaico&quot; o &quot;pega-azulejo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1296" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-07T07:44:58.087" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T07:44:58.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3355" CreationDate="2013-02-07T06:19:43.157" Score="3" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine in Mexico invited my roommate, LaPorte, and I to an event. I am unable to attend, but my roommate is. In my response, expressing how I wish I could come, I want to say something similar to this English phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm jealous that LaPorte gets to eat some of your amazing food!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first thought was to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy celoso que LaPorte va a disfrutar la comida rica que siempre cocinan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then I felt like celoso might be too strong of a word in this context so I thought maybe I should write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me esta dando envidia que LaPorte va a disfrutar la comida rica que siempre cocinan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help me better understand how to appropriately express jealousy in Spanish in this context and maybe in others as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1297" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-07T15:24:17.370" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T09:14:14.077" Title="Appropriate expressions of jealousy" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3349" CreationDate="2013-02-07T07:19:41.833" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una cosa importante es que hay que tomar en cuenta el género del sustantivo.  Como dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3351/106&quot;&gt;leonbloy&lt;/a&gt;, es usa &lt;strong&gt;primer&lt;/strong&gt; solo si es masculino.  En caso el sustantivo sea de género femenino, siempre se usa &lt;strong&gt;primera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T15:25:59.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3353" CreationDate="2013-02-07T07:24:30.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;With that context, the most appropriate one would be a variation of the third one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da envidia que LaPorte va a comer (o va a disfrutar) su excelente comida, y yo no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end, emphasizing that you won't be able to enjoy it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-07T15:24:41.300" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T15:24:41.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2013-02-07T07:33:54.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Guatemala, for some reason, the distinction is whether it's public or private education:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuela&lt;/strong&gt; is a public school.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colegio&lt;/strong&gt; is a private school.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Universidad&lt;/strong&gt; is a university, regardless of funding source.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, it could refer to elementary or high-school level.  We don't really have the concept of a &quot;middle school&quot;, except in American-style schools.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T07:33:54.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3360" CreationDate="2013-02-07T07:59:40.660" Score="3" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is somewhat computer related as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one installs the myspell package in Ubuntu, it would download files for Spanish Spanish, and files for e.g. Argentinian Spanish would be just symlinks to it. Which means that as far as the spellchecker is concerned, there's only one Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it's usable like that? If not, maybe you are aware of myspell dictionaries for different variants of Spanish and could provide a link?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now yes, it's about software, but it needs an answer from actual speakers, so I decided to post it here, not at Stack Overflow or Super User.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1298" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T22:56:03.637" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T23:41:26.017" Title="Myspell and different variants of Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3359" CreationDate="2013-02-07T23:57:23.100" Score="9" ViewCount="76770" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy alguien usó la palabra &lt;em&gt;pistear&lt;/em&gt; conmigo, en el contexto de una fiesta, o bebiendo.  No puedo encontrar una definición relevante.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/pistear&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; tiene dos definiciones regionales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. &lt;em&gt;El Salv.&lt;/em&gt; Pagar dinero a alguien a cambio de un favor o un servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. &lt;em&gt;Hond.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una persona: Ganar dinero. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguna parece relevante a mi conversación aquí en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;pistear&lt;/em&gt; en ese contexto?  Y ¿donde se usa esa palabra así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T10:08:47.577" Title="Definición de &quot;pistear&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3358" CreationDate="2013-02-08T00:51:21.597" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Significa beber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &quot;Diccionario de México&quot; de Juan Palomar de Miguel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pistear.&lt;/strong&gt; intr. fam. &lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; Ingerir bebidas alcohólicas (NO). // fam. &lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; Dormir la siesta o echar un sueñito (Chih.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque es un modismo original del Norte de México, se ha adoptado en casi toda la república.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera, la segunda acepción de &lt;strong&gt;pisto&lt;/strong&gt; aparece como &quot;bebida&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pisto&lt;/strong&gt; m. fam. &lt;em&gt;Mex.&lt;/em&gt; Trago de licor (NO).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastEditorUserId="1197" LastEditDate="2013-02-09T00:54:21.990" LastActivityDate="2013-02-09T00:54:21.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3357" CreationDate="2013-02-08T14:01:21.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as far as the spellchecker is concerned, there's only one Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sounds true to me. The differences among Spanish variants are relevant in vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation; but there are no differences in spelling, as far as I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true, however, that vocabulary and grammar differences could have some small influence on a speller, e.g.: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;sabés&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; would be acceptable in Spanish with &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;, while in other regions the speller should suggest instead &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sabes&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sabéis&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-08-16T23:41:26.017" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T23:41:26.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2013-02-08T14:21:59.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el habla común relajada pueden ser aceptables -o al menos tolerables- algunas pronunciaciones incorrectas  (&quot;explicar&quot;=&gt; &quot;esplicar&quot;, &quot;peleé&quot; =&gt; &quot;pelié&quot;,  &quot;reloj&quot; =&gt; &quot;reló&quot; ). Pero, incluso cuando uno puede permitirse hablar así, nunca escribirá así, a menos que sea por ignorancia, o como recurso literario (por ejemplo, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfierro.org/30.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Martín Fierro&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T14:21:59.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3283" CreationDate="2013-02-08T23:42:46.253" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Belisarius answered, the difference is communicated through the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy solo = I am alone        (infinitive is estar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me siento solo = I am lonely      (infinitive is sentirse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what it's worth: Verbs are king in Spanish and generally communicate much more meaning than English verbs. If you can dominate verbs and their nuances you're well on your way to being fluent in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T23:42:46.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3363" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3364" CreationDate="2013-02-09T07:56:08.930" Score="4" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate a phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Evaluation of surface contamination by beta radionuclides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Evaluación de contaminación en superficies provocada por radio&#xA;  nucleótidos  beta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know if this is the correct use of &lt;strong&gt;surface&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-09T19:40:16.670" LastActivityDate="2013-02-09T19:40:16.670" Title="How to translate &quot;surface contamination&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3363" CreationDate="2013-02-09T19:26:30.047" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Evaluación de la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; superficies por radioisótopos beta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Evaluación de la contaminación superficial por radioisótopos beta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-02-09T19:26:30.047" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3366" CreationDate="2013-02-09T22:26:03.467" Score="4" ViewCount="1046" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se acorta la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;II Guerra Mundial&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we shorten the phrase &quot;World War II&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could say &quot;&lt;em&gt;II Guerra Mundial&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;IIGM&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  Is that standard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It came up since I was writing about Alan Turing, decoding the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing#Hut_8_and_Naval_Enigma&quot;&gt;Enigma&lt;/a&gt; machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-10T00:51:16.740" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T17:15:23.117" Title="What is the abbreviation for World War II?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3365" CreationDate="2013-02-10T00:15:57.153" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read a lot of historical books, specifically WWI and WWII, both in English and Spanish.  There are no abbreviations in Spanish for them that I'm aware of.  You simply refer to them as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Primera Guerra Mundial&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T00:15:57.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3291" CreationDate="2013-02-10T00:19:29.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say that if it's sweet, you could use &quot;pastel&quot; for most cases, I'd use &quot;tarta&quot; for cakes or pies and depending the size, a pastry could be a &quot;pastel&quot; or &quot;pastelillo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;bizcocho&quot; is definitely for sponge cakes, and a cupcake is a &quot;magdalena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the pastry or pie is salty, like shepherd's pie or chicken pot pie, that would be &quot;empanada&quot; or if it's small, &quot;empanadilla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Torta&quot; doesn't sound familiar to me, it's probably the more localized term of all meaning that it would be probably different depending on the country and even the region. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1304" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T00:19:29.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3291" CreationDate="2013-02-10T00:54:00.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of Central and South American countries actually now use English terms.  These are the terms used in Guatemala, from personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- cake --&amp;gt; pastel&#xA;- pie  --&amp;gt; pie&#xA;- pastry --&amp;gt; pastelito, postre&#xA;- tart - torta&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have a very popular type of cake that I believe is specific to the region, called magdalena.  It's a sweet muffin-type baked bread kinda, in the shape of a cake, with a hole in the middle.  I don't think we have a term for cobbler, but maybe something like *dulce de manzana&quot;, for apple cobbler, would be appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T00:54:00.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2013-02-10T01:12:04.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another colloquial term used commonly is &lt;em&gt;nada que ver&lt;/em&gt;. See here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/900/whats-the-meaning-of-the-expression-nada-que-ver&quot;&gt;What&amp;#39;s the meaning of the expression &amp;quot;nada que ver&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T01:12:04.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3358" CreationDate="2013-02-10T01:17:59.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala &lt;strong&gt;pistear&lt;/strong&gt; indica dar dinero o algo de valor a cambio de un favor.  Usualmente utilizado en forma peyorativa, ya que usualmente implica corrupción de algún tipo.  Básicamente, dinero bajo la mesa para conseguir algo, usualmente no completamente legal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T18:30:05.167" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T18:30:05.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2013-02-10T20:06:43.180" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España también se utiliza &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ni de coña!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque puede resultar algo vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1306" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T20:06:43.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3376" CreationDate="2013-02-10T22:59:19.297" Score="4" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I translate &quot;audio signalling of each detected particle&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señalización de audio para cada particula detectada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señalamiento con audio para cada particula detectada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is it correct or is there a better translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T11:15:25.110" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T16:42:47.647" Title="Translation of &quot;audio signalling&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3374" CreationDate="2013-02-11T01:07:56.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go for the first option you present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señalización de audio para cada particula detectada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T01:07:56.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3374" CreationDate="2013-02-11T01:56:35.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first one looks right to me. An alternative could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señalización auditiva de cada partícula detectada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or also &quot;Señalización sonora&quot; - less literal but more natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T02:08:14.183" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T02:08:14.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3365" CreationDate="2013-02-11T08:35:48.263" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It’s not uncommon to abbreviate &quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial” as &lt;strong&gt;SGM&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2ª GM&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;2GM&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;IIGM&lt;/strong&gt; are also seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish speakers and authors are not so fond of acronyms as their English counterparts, so Spanish acronyms for World War II are not as readily understandable as WWII is in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call &lt;strong&gt;SGM&lt;/strong&gt; the standard abbreviation. Results in Google for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;SGM&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: 169000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;2GM&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: 109000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;IIGM&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: 69600&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Segunda Guerra Mundial&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;2ª GM&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: 13600&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academic papers in History magazines and journals always use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;SGM&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T17:15:23.117" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T17:15:23.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3384" CreationDate="2013-02-11T21:13:56.293" Score="8" ViewCount="48298" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia, si la hay, entre &quot;restaurante&quot; y &quot;restauran&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado la palabra &quot;restauran&quot; algunas veces, pero recientemente la vi en una señal también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZsMZC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Restauran colonial&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son sinónimos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-12T20:52:28.183" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T08:44:21.000" Title="¿Hay una diferencia entre &quot;restaurante&quot; y &quot;restauran&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3380" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-11T21:15:57.367" Score="4" ViewCount="4113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to take my vehicle to a mechanic to diagnose a problem with a rough idle.  How do I translate this term, &amp;quot;rough idle&amp;quot; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation of &amp;quot;Rough idle&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you ever been told your car’s engine &lt;strong&gt;idles rough&lt;/strong&gt;? Not exactly sure what that means? It’s likely you’ve experienced a &lt;strong&gt;rough idling&lt;/strong&gt; vehicle – which just means &lt;em&gt;the car feels rough and bouncy when the engine is running&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://takeit2thehouse.com/common-causes-of-a-rough-idling-engine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;COMMON CAUSES OF A ROUGH IDLING ENGINE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T14:17:22.347" Title="How can I translate/describe a &quot;rough idle&quot; to the mechanic?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3380" CreationDate="2013-02-11T23:32:25.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El coche vibra cuando está parado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2013-02-12T00:58:03.757" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T00:58:03.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3379" CreationDate="2013-02-11T23:35:46.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's misspelled. The right spelling for restaurant is &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=restaurant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;restaurante&lt;/em&gt;, *restaurant+ or &lt;em&gt;restorán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that &lt;em&gt;restauran&lt;/em&gt; is a misspelling of &lt;em&gt;restaurante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-19T08:44:21.000" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T08:44:21.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3379" CreationDate="2013-02-12T01:38:15.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;restauran&lt;/code&gt; derives from the verbe &quot;&lt;code&gt;restaurar&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/restaurar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to restore&lt;/a&gt;), and corresponds to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-espanol-verbo-restaurar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;third person in plural&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ellos / Ellas restauran.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I agree with Ares, it's misspelled. The word &quot;&lt;code&gt;restauran&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is not related at all with &lt;code&gt;[restaurante][3]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that most of the 'deformations' of some words in spanish are generated by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The way people is used to talk on a certain region or country.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The lack of vocabulary/education on the language (I don't mean to be discriminatory)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People tend to omit some syllables at the end of the words when they talk, thus it wont be surprinsing at all to hear &lt;code&gt;restauran&lt;/code&gt; from time to time, or even see it misspelled like in this case, when refering to a &lt;code&gt;restaurant&lt;/code&gt;. It happends all over latin america (on eastern Bolivia, for instance, people tend to omit the 's', or even change it for a 'j' when speaking, so it's very common to hear things like 'pue' or 'puej' insted of 'pues').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two words you ask about are not related and are probably just the result of what I mention (what I say is just based on my empirical experience).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1259" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T11:50:19.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3379" CreationDate="2013-02-12T01:46:44.453" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Restaurante&lt;/strong&gt;: Establecimiento público donde se sirven comidas y bebidas, mediante precio, para ser consumidas en el mismo local.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Restorán&lt;/strong&gt;: lo mismo, pero derivado del francés &quot;&lt;strong&gt;restaurant&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que más o menos bien pronunciado, suena parecido (&lt;em&gt;rɛstərənt&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Restauran&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Restaurant&lt;/em&gt; pero escrito como lo pronuncia un hispanoparlante que no sabe francés (&quot;&lt;em&gt;restaurán&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) ni se preocupa de poner tildes. En el caso de la imagen también podría ser que el pintor, viendo que &lt;em&gt;RESTAURAN&lt;/em&gt; ya ocupaba el 60% del muro y todavía debía escribir &lt;em&gt;COLONIAL&lt;/em&gt;, decidió suprimir la &lt;em&gt;T&lt;/em&gt; y encoger el resto por falta de espacio. Bien mirado es una opción lógica, ya que pocos la pronuncian. :-)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro contexto &quot;restauran&quot; también podría ser un correcto presente de la tercera persona del plural del verbo &lt;em&gt;restaurar&lt;/em&gt;, pero obviamente no en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-02-12T02:56:15.000" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T02:56:15.000" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3380" CreationDate="2013-02-12T02:12:41.367" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &quot;idle&quot; is often translated as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/ralent%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ralentí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Your car's condition could be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My car has a rough idle. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mi coche tiene un ralentí ruidoso.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Mi coche vibra cuando está al ralentí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T02:12:41.367" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3380" CreationDate="2013-02-12T09:53:45.097" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unas búsquedas en Google revelan que una expresión común es también «&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22ralent%C3%AD%20inestable%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ralentí inestable&lt;/a&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ralentí inestable: 30.300 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ralentí irregular: 5.100 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ralentí ruidoso: 72 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las búsquedas sobre «vibración» y «ralentí» también tienen muchos resultados, pero gran parte de ellos se refieren a vibraciones molestas de alta frecuencia del motor, las ventanas, la carrocería, etc. Me parece que Flimzy se refiere a que el contador de RPM del motor no se mantiene estable al ralentí, sino que oscila entre dos valores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T09:53:45.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="452" CreationDate="2013-02-12T17:39:41.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Buenas!&quot; is a common (morning or anytime) greeting in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1312" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T17:39:41.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3282" CreationDate="2013-02-13T19:33:22.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Abate es una marca comercial de un insecticida, específicamente un larvicida, utilizado para disminuir la población de mosquitos, en particular de los géneros que funcionan como vectores para enfermedades que afectan a humanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es utilizado en México de forma regular en las zonas infestadas con Dengue, donde se mezcla con agua y se rocía en aerosol en terrenos baldíos o áreas donde se pueden criar las larvas del mosquito; tal como menciona belisarius en su comentario, la palabra abatizar es una derivación verbal que trata de transmitir la idea de la aplicación del insecticida Abate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastEditorUserId="161" LastEditDate="2013-02-13T20:58:07.417" LastActivityDate="2013-02-13T20:58:07.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2013-02-14T06:19:00.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala, &lt;strong&gt;tuanis&lt;/strong&gt; se escucha bastante, principalmente entre niños y jóvenes.  Es una manera coloquial, no vulgar, de expresar que algo es de muy buena calidad, o que uno personalmente está muy bien.  Expresiones usadas en forma similar son &lt;strong&gt;virgo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;bien de a huevo&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque la última talvez si es considerada algo vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-14T06:19:00.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3390" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-14T16:18:46.613" Score="9" ViewCount="39688" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de &quot;jalar&quot; para cada uno de estos ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que esta televisión la compré apenas el año pasado, ya no jala. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ya no estés de ocioso, ¡ponte a jalar!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Persona A: ¿En dónde jalas? Persona B: En una empresa que se dedica a la manufactura de plasticos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Vas a ir a la fiesta? ¿jalas o te enclochas?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Revisé la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/jalar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jalar&lt;/a&gt; y les puedo decir que ninguno de los significados para estos ejemplos viene ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2020-07-29T15:31:49.747" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;jalar&quot; en México?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3390" CreationDate="2013-02-14T18:58:46.010" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México va muy relacionado con la cultura del campo, donde un animal de carga o un vehículo puede o no jalar un arado, de donde deriva dependiendo del contexto, para cada frase que mencionas: funcionar, trabajar (relacionado a la idea de trabajar jalando un arado), ir (en este caso, similar a la idea de manejar un automotor a transmisión manual, donde enclochar se refiere a aplicar el embrague, deteniendo de esta forma el avance del vehículo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2013-02-14T18:58:46.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3393" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3395" CreationDate="2013-02-17T04:31:21.317" Score="5" ViewCount="1704" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente no hay una traducción exacta del frase inglés &quot;college dropout&quot; ... la mejor que podria encontrar es &quot;estudiante que abandona la universidad antes de graduarse&quot;, cual me parece inelegante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un mejor frase idiomatica que puedo utilizar? O simplemente es que los del mundo español son mejores estudiantes que los que hablan inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently there's no exact translation of the English phrase &quot;college dropout&quot; ... the best I could find is &quot;estudiante que abandona la universidad antes de graduarse&quot;, which seems inelegant to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better idiomatic phrase I could use? Or is it simply that people in the Spanish-speaking world are better students than English speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1135" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T16:17:31.963" Title="Cómo decir &quot;college dropout&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3393" CreationDate="2013-02-17T04:49:39.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad, no creo que las personas que hablamos español seamos mejores estudiantes.  En mi experiencia, el término más usado es &quot;no se graduó de la universidad&quot;, o más coloquialmente &quot;no se graduó de la U&quot;.   A veces, se utiliza el término &quot;bachiller&quot;, para referirse a alguien que solo se graduó de secundaria, y no terminó una carrera universitaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que yo sepa, no existe un término específico en español que equivalga al &quot;college dropout&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I don't think that the Spanish-speaking world are better students.  In my experience, the term used mostly is &quot;no se graduó de la universidad&quot;, or more colloquially &quot;no se graduó de la U&quot;.  Sometimes, the term &quot;bachiller&quot; is used to refer to somebody who only graduated from high-school, and didn't get a college degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my knowledge, there is no specific term in Spanish that would be equivalent to &quot;college dropout&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-17T04:49:39.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3393" CreationDate="2013-02-17T07:20:37.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si es formal, pero recuerdo que en México a veces dicen &quot;desertor universitario&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/desertor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;). Tal vez puede usar frases como, &quot;Ella dejó la universidad&quot; o &quot;Él abandonó los estudios universitarios.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure how formal it is, but I remember people in Mexico saying, &quot;desertor universitario&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/desertor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;). Maybe you could use phrases like, &quot;Ella dejó la universidad&quot; or &quot;Él abandonó los estudios universitarios.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1297" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T08:38:27.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3073" CreationDate="2013-02-17T23:30:33.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La niñez es la primera edad. Un adulto es de la segunda edad. Y una vieja es de la tercera edad, es decir en la segunda niñez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T10:39:48.353" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T10:39:48.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12547" CreationDate="2013-02-18T00:23:10.323" Score="4" ViewCount="3975" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been struggling to find an accurate expression that translates to Spanish the word &quot;whatsoever&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-18T08:23:27.953" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T15:31:23.980" Title="How can you translate the word &quot;whatsoever&quot; to spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3398" CreationDate="2013-02-18T03:58:57.170" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on the context.  In many contexts, &lt;em&gt;whatsoever&lt;/em&gt; adds emphasis to &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&quot;I don't really care for any style of architecture whatsoever.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that context, I would use &quot;cualquiera&quot; or &quot;cualesquiera&quot; as translating both the &quot;any&quot; and the &quot;whatsoever&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2008/cualquier-cualquiera-cualesquiera/&quot;&gt;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2008/cualquier-cualquiera-cualesquiera/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you have to be careful.  In a lot of phrases, these two words carry an overtone of mediocrity.  That might not be what you are trying to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-02-18T03:58:57.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3400" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3401" CreationDate="2013-02-18T11:28:46.600" Score="13" ViewCount="959" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco he leído un libro donde se empleaba el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Al principio pensaba que era un error de ortografía, pero me resulta un poco extraño que se equivocaron en poner &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; y no separado &lt;em&gt;si no&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuándo se usa? ¿Cuándo debe utilizarse &lt;em&gt;si no&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1327" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:24:55.380" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:24:55.380" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;sino&quot; y cuándo &quot;si no&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3400" CreationDate="2013-02-18T11:58:39.117" Score="17" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Si no&quot; = if + negative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si no&lt;/strong&gt; coges el paraguas, te mojarás. &lt;sub&gt;If you don't take your umbrella with you, you'll get wet&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sino&lt;/a&gt;&quot;= similar to &quot;but&quot; (&quot;instead&quot; in a negative way; &quot;except&quot;, &quot;only&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No llegan mañana, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; el martes. &lt;sub&gt;They don't arrive tomorrow, but on Tuesday&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este &lt;a href=&quot;http://losfilologos.com/portal/index.php/linguistica/628-fundeu-bbva-como-diferenciar-si-no-y-sino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vídeo&lt;/a&gt; puede ser de ayuda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:19:15.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3398" CreationDate="2013-02-18T19:03:42.820" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Walter says, it depends on the context, and it's mostly an issue of emphasis.&#xA;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any information whatsoever...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si tienes &lt;strong&gt;cualquier tipo&lt;/strong&gt; de información...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si tienes alguna información, &lt;strong&gt;cualquiera que sea&lt;/strong&gt;,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His tactics had no consequences whatsoever.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Sus tácticas no tuvieron &lt;strong&gt;ningún tipo&lt;/strong&gt; de consecuencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He cannot be of any assistance whatsoever.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No puede ser de ayuda &lt;strong&gt;de ninguna manera&lt;/strong&gt;.  (o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de ningún modo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He entertained no worldly ambition whatsoever.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No abrigaba ambiciones mundanas de &lt;strong&gt;ninguna especie&lt;/strong&gt; (o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de ningún tipo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no justification whatsoever for that&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No hay &lt;strong&gt;ningún tipo&lt;/strong&gt; de justificación para eso.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No hay justificación &lt;strong&gt;alguna&lt;/strong&gt; para eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(last one added as per tchrist's comment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T15:31:23.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3390" CreationDate="2013-02-19T01:35:15.957" Score="9" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Ya no jala&quot; = &quot;Ya no funciona&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Ponte a jalar&quot; = &quot;Ponte a trabajar&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;En dónde jalas?&quot; = &quot;En dónde trabajas?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Jalas?&quot; = &quot;Vas?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T01:35:15.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3406" CreationDate="2013-02-19T03:09:05.660" Score="11" ViewCount="2119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently &quot;Voy perdiendo&quot; means &quot;I'm losing.&quot; But I thought the present participle was formed using estar. I am confused!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="839" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T11:13:15.400" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T20:34:52.513" Title="Why is &quot;voy&quot; used in &quot;voy perdiendo&quot; instead of &quot;estoy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3404" CreationDate="2013-02-19T06:28:47.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;voy perdiendo&quot; and &quot;estoy perdiendo&quot; would be understood as &quot;I'm losing&quot;.  However, from my experience, the first one is preferred, especially when whatever you're talking about is still not over, say a poker or Monopoly game.  &quot;Estoy perdiendo señal&quot; would be appropriate, for example, when you're losing cell signal.  It's not something you're actively working on (like a game), but it's just something you're losing, out of your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T06:28:47.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3404" CreationDate="2013-02-19T10:38:03.223" Score="21" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Versión original&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa que conteste en español. No estoy seguro de poder transmitir en inglés los matices de progresividad que voy a mencionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las construcciones “&lt;i&gt;ir&lt;/i&gt; + gerundio” y “&lt;i&gt;estar&lt;/i&gt; + gerundio” son perífrasis verbales donde &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; tienen función auxiliar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros posibles verbos auxiliares con idéntica construcción son: &lt;em&gt;andar, venir, seguir, llevar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estas construcciones, el gerundio imprime una idea de acción en transcurso, pero la connotación es distinta con cada verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso. &lt;em&gt;(Idea de acción en desarrollo en general)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anda&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso. &lt;em&gt;(Idea de acción reiterada)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;van&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo. &lt;em&gt;(Idea de progresión desde el presente)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;vienen&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo. &lt;em&gt;(Idea de progresión desde un punto del pasado)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sigue&lt;/strong&gt; comiendo a las dos. &lt;em&gt;(Idea de acción persistente)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lleva&lt;/strong&gt; dos años saliendo con Marta. &lt;em&gt;(Duración prolongada de una acción que comienza en el pasado)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salió&lt;/strong&gt; corriendo del colegio. &lt;em&gt;(Acción que se inicia de manera brusca y&#xA;  después continúa)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de “estoy perdiendo” y “voy perdiendo”, el significado de ambas posibilidades es el mismo y la diferencia, si existe, es muy pequeña. Si acaso, “voy perdiendo” incluye una connotación de progresividad desde el presente que sugiere que la acción va a continuar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Traducción libre / Loose translation&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for answering in Spanish.  I’m not sure that in English &#xA;I could convey the shades of progressiveness I’ll be mentioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The constructions “&lt;i&gt;ir&lt;/i&gt; + gerund” and “&lt;i&gt;estar&lt;/i&gt; + gerund” are&#xA;periphrastic phrases in which &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; act as auxiliaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other possible auxiliary verbs that share the same construction are:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;andar, venir, seguir, llevar&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these constructions, the gerund expresses an idea of progressive &#xA;action, but the connotation is different with each verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso. &lt;em&gt;(idea of unfolding action in general)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anda&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso. &lt;em&gt;(idea of repeated action)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;van&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo.  &lt;em&gt;(idea of progressive action&#xA;  starting in the present)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;vienen&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of progressive action that started in the past)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sigue&lt;/strong&gt; comiendo a las dos. &lt;em&gt;(idea of persistent action)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lleva&lt;/strong&gt; dos años saliendo con Marta. &lt;em&gt;(prolonged duration of an&#xA;  action that began in the past)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salió&lt;/strong&gt; corriendo del colegio. &lt;em&gt;(action that starts suddenly&#xA;  and then continues)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of “estoy perdiendo” and “voy perdiendo”, the meaning of both&#xA;possibilities is the same and the difference, if it exists, is slight.&#xA;If anything, “voy perdiendo” includes a connotation of progressiveness&#xA;beginning in the present that suggests that the action will continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Translator’s note&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These nuances can be tricky to convey in English; a word-for-word translation is almost always going to be too clumsy for practical use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes adding an adverb is enough; other times a different verb is needed, or a different sort of periphrastic verb.  The loose translations below are all meant to be idiomatic in casual, spoken English. In some cases I give more than one possibility because no one of them quite hits the nail the head.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For simplicity and consistency, I’ll use &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; for the implied third-person pronoun of Spanish, although of course &lt;em&gt;she&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;you (formal)&lt;/em&gt;, and sometimes even &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;, are all equally applicable, since in the general case and without further context, we cannot know whether the implied antecedent is &lt;em&gt;él, ella, ello,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elements in square brackets are implied, but probably wouldn’t be included in most translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He’s looking for an apartment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of unfolding action in general)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anda&lt;/strong&gt; buscando piso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He’s out looking for an apartment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He’s still looking for an apartment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He keeps looking for an apartment. (although &lt;em&gt;sigue&lt;/em&gt; is better for &lt;em&gt;keeps&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of repeated action)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;van&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prices are falling.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prices have begun falling.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prices have started to fall.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of progressive action&#xA;  starting in the present)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los precios &lt;strong&gt;vienen&lt;/strong&gt; cayendo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prices have been falling.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of progressive action that started in the past)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sigue&lt;/strong&gt; comiendo a las dos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He’s still eating [lunch] at 2 o’clock.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(idea of persistent action)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lleva&lt;/strong&gt; dos años saliendo con Marta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He’s been going out with Marta for two years.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(prolonged duration of an action that began in the past)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salió&lt;/strong&gt; corriendo del colegio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He took off running from [the [high]] school.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  All of a sudden, he left [the [high]] school at a run.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(action that starts suddenly and then continues)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, sometimes the sense of “&lt;i&gt;ir a&lt;/i&gt; + infinitive” may be better translated into a progressive construct in English, even though it wasn’t one in Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example and in particular, the initial “que voy a mencionar” here seems a better fit for “that I’ll be mentioning” instead of the more direct translation of “that I’m going to mention”. This demonstrates how the progressiveness aspect does not necessarily map one-to-one between the two languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T20:34:52.513" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T20:34:52.513" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2013-02-19T15:09:24.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión la he oido en México como &quot;A [nombre de persona] le gusta andar de pata de perro&quot; es decir &quot;A [nombre de persona] le gusta andar siempre afuera&quot;.  Con afuera me refiero a cualquier lado distinto al lugar de donde vive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-02-19T23:08:18.237" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T23:08:18.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3412" CreationDate="2013-02-19T18:31:03.417" Score="6" ViewCount="657" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's pretty common to find, in the net, people chatting, posting, and so on with (sometimes convenient, for shortness, but sometimes intentional) spelling mistakes:  &lt;code&gt;¿qué?&lt;/code&gt; is often written &lt;code&gt;ke?&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;xq&lt;/code&gt; instead of  &lt;code&gt;¿por qué?&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;awebo&lt;/code&gt; stands for &lt;code&gt;a huevo&lt;/code&gt;. Apparently because of this, the RAE has validated the word &quot;okupar&quot;, derived from the 'right'-spelled word &quot;ocupar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a question rather on the evolution of the Spanish language, I guess. &lt;em&gt;Can somebody explain the reason, given by RAE, to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/okupar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;accept&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;okupar&lt;/code&gt; as a new word?&lt;/em&gt; (Kindly notice that I'm not asking for a translation.) As for me, I don't see any reason to accept it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De ocupar, con k, letra que refleja una voluntad de transgresión de las normas ortográficas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, it is worth to notice that RAE doesn't include any meaning for &quot;ocupar&quot; that remotely resembles one of the commonly accepted meanings &quot;usar&quot; (to use). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-07-20T05:14:39.020" Title="&quot;okupar&quot; and &quot;ocupar&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2013-02-19T19:04:34.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my personal interpretation of the meaning that you transcribed on your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we read carefully it does say &quot;voluntad de transgresión&quot; which means &quot;a will to violate a rule&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I understand from that sentence is not that RAE is accepting the use of this spelling but only explaining why it is used like that or why sometimes it will be found spelled like that in some places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO you should always spell it with a &quot;c&quot; unless you are actually chatting and want to follow the online trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="693" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T19:04:34.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-20T01:44:34.770" Score="8" ViewCount="22165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not from Colombia but I have some Colombian colleagues. I wonder, &lt;strong&gt;what does &quot;parce&quot; means?&lt;/strong&gt; They use it quite like a word that can be substituted by &quot;compadre&quot;, or in English, &quot;dude&quot;, &quot;man&quot;, &quot;friend&quot;. But, what does it exactly mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry about my ignorance if this word is not &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; used in Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:15:11.443" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:16:04.257" Title="What does &quot;parce&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3410" CreationDate="2013-02-20T02:04:43.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=parce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; to the rescue!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parce is a colombian slang for nigga or friends..bro..etc. this is a&#xA;  only slang by YOUNG COLOMBIANS!! &quot;quivo parce como a estado...todo&#xA;  bien??&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you need to check its &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/aparcero#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etymology&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:16:04.257" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:16:04.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2013-02-20T10:06:30.070" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please note that the word &lt;em&gt;ocupar&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean the same in American Spanish (where it could be used as the word &quot;use&quot;) and Iberian Spanish, where it is used for &quot;take possesion&quot; or &quot;fill an space&quot;, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I don't think that the RAE accepting &lt;em&gt;okupar&lt;/em&gt; as a new word is a sign of rule transgression or orthographic rule violations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Okupar&lt;/em&gt; is a popular term used when someone trespasses other people's properties without their authorization, to live there (squatting). Given the recent house market bubble, a lot of people is doing that in empty houses and buildings. The use of  &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; just denotes a hint of rebellion in this context, and has been used in many urban subcultures like the punk music culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1336" LastEditorUserId="1336" LastEditDate="2013-02-20T10:16:42.290" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T10:16:42.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-20T11:56:30.973" Score="2" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;En teoría de computación se habla del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problema_de_satisfacibilidad_booleana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Problema de satisfacibilidad booleana&lt;/a&gt;. En inglés se llama “satisfiability problem”, y se trata de determinar si una fórmula lógica se puede o no &lt;em&gt;satisfacer&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n%3aProblema_de_satisfacibilidad_booleana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la discusión misma en Wikipedia indica&lt;/a&gt;, no es claro si se debe escribir &lt;code&gt;satisfacibilidad&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;satisfacTibilidad&lt;/code&gt; con T.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo un término técnico ninguna de las dos versiones aparece en la RAE, y buscando en Google Scholar la opinión al momento parece estar dividida entre &lt;a href=&quot;http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=satisfacibilidad&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;sciui=1&amp;amp;as_sdt=0,5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;satisfacibilidad&lt;/code&gt; (208 publicaciones)&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=satisfactibilidad&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;sciui=1&amp;amp;as_sdt=0,5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;satisfactibilidad&lt;/code&gt; (173 publicaciones)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna razón ortográfica o etimológica para preferir alguna de las dos versiones? En un sentido práctico, ¿cuál de las dos es más “correcta” y se debería de usar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización:&lt;/strong&gt; Aparentemente hay algunos pares de palabras similares donde la RAE acepta ambas ortografías con el mismo significado, como son el caso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conducible/conductible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reducible/reductible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irreducible/irreductible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general también parecen haber más palabras terminadas en -cible que en -ctible. ¿Podrá esto sugerir que ambas ortografías serían también aceptables?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="41" LastEditorUserId="41" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T17:14:10.933" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T17:14:10.933" Title="¿Se escribe &quot;satisfactibilidad&quot; o &quot;satisfacibilidad?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3413" CreationDate="2013-02-20T12:35:28.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considerando que la palabra &quot;satisfiability&quot; no está en el Merrian-Webster y que ni &quot;satisfacibilidad&quot; ni &quot;satisfacTibilidad&quot; están en la RAE, cómo vas a valorar cual es la correcta? Son términos técnicos basados (en mi opinión, y soy también un técnico) en la pereza típica de la ciencia de no usar la formulación correcta pero más larga y optar por una palabra inventada pero más corta. Por lo general estas palabras inventadas las usan cuatro gatos y suelen ser bastante feas, por lo que no acaban en el diccionario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría satisfactibilidad por el origen latín (satisfactĭo, -ōnis).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T12:35:28.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3413" CreationDate="2013-02-20T12:36:26.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, he escuchado ambos términos.  &lt;code&gt;Satisfacibilidad&lt;/code&gt; es utilizado en documentos y/o libros técnicos, pero no necesariamente implica que &lt;code&gt;satisfactibilidad&lt;/code&gt; esté incorrecto.  Similar a cómo en inglés las palabras &lt;code&gt;color&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;colour&lt;/code&gt; varían, dependiendo de si es Estados Unidos o Inglaterra.  Tengo idea que el primer término es el &quot;correcto&quot;, pero como indiqué, he escuchado ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T12:36:26.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3413" CreationDate="2013-02-20T12:37:48.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/factibilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;factibilidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (de &lt;strong&gt;factible&lt;/strong&gt;) sí existe, y que la palabra que nos ocupa tiene la misma raíz y formación (hacer-facer), yo diría que la palabra correcta es &lt;strong&gt;satisfactibilidad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T12:37:48.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3338" CreationDate="2013-02-20T16:53:10.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The wedding ceremony: &quot;la boda&quot;, &quot;el matrimonio&quot; or &quot;la ceremonia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The celebration following the wedding:  &quot;la fiesta&quot;, &quot;la recepcion&quot; or &quot;el banquete&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1338" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T11:19:10.903" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T11:19:10.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3404" CreationDate="2013-02-20T21:48:14.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a fairly quirky way of expressing a trend in English, namely &quot;I'm on my way to losing&quot;.  I don't hear this very often but when I do, it sugggests a trend or progression. WhenI hear &quot;voy perdiendo&quot; it carries the same suggestion for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T21:48:14.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3419" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3424" CreationDate="2013-02-20T23:28:05.557" Score="8" ViewCount="51139" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &quot;&lt;em&gt;ya te cargó el payaso&lt;/em&gt;&quot; expresa fracaso total, problemas que no pueden ser resueltos, etc. ¿Qué orígen tiene esta expresión? ¿Es lenguaje no ofensivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T18:00:17.583" Title="¿Qué origen tiene la expresión &quot;ya te cargó el payaso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3419" CreationDate="2013-02-21T00:18:41.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que proviene de &quot;ya te cargo la chingada&quot; pero como &quot;chingada&quot; es una grosería entonces se reemplaza por &quot;payaso&quot;, de esta forma no dices la grosería y se &quot;oye&quot; menos vulgar. Aun así no es un lenguaje apto para situaciones formales asi que en estos casos debes abstenerte de usarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T00:25:21.690" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T00:25:21.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="452" CreationDate="2013-02-21T10:44:34.923" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Los Angeles, USA. My neighbours are mostly older latina/chicana women, they greet me with &quot;buena&quot; all of the time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's definitely a shortened, informal greeting that replaces 'buenas tardes' and 'buenas noches'. That being said, in the morning, they do (always) use 'Buenos Dias'. I usually respond with &quot;buena&quot; as well. It doesn't seem to be disrespectful but, that being said, they all know that I am not of latino/chicano origin, so they may be letting me slide. They do, however, appreciate that I try.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to use '¿cómo está usted? as they're older, but I do forget sometimes (cómo estás). They don't seem to care, again, it's possibly (likely) because I'm not a native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do hear other neighbours (older and/or more friendly with them) just say &quot;¿cómo?&quot; but I don't ever do that (that's me just trying to show some respect/acknowledge that I'm not really good at Spanish/remind them that I'm not really that comfortable speaking Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1341" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T11:29:36.197" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T11:29:36.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1472" CreationDate="2013-02-21T13:13:03.220" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones redundantes como “al fin y al cabo” (“al fin y al fin”) se llaman en castellano &lt;strong&gt;dobletes sinonímicos&lt;/strong&gt; y son comunes en muchas lenguas. Son un recurso retórico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos de dobletes sinonímicos en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contante y sonante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corriente y moliente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contra viento y marea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin oficio ni beneficio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin ton ni son&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De modo y manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De golpe y porrazo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De rompe y rasga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de estas expresiones son de origen popular y buscan el efecto enfático de la repetición de la misma idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De origen popular es con toda probabilidad “al fin y al cabo” que es una expresión de uso corriente al menos desde el siglo XVI, según el CORDE (Corpus Diacrónico del Español).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que los dobletes sinonímicos tampoco son raros en inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bound and determined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ranting and raving&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cease and desist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Null and void&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fine and dandy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Well and good&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fair and just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo and behold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Free and clear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2013-02-21T13:28:00.670" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T13:28:00.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3419" CreationDate="2013-02-21T15:01:18.987" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabiduriadeescalera.com/?p=1642&quot;&gt;Este sitio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ofrece una explicación interesante, y menciona lo primero que se me vino a la mente, el payaso &lt;strong&gt;ESO&lt;/strong&gt; de Stephen King que es un personaje aterrador y ciertamente creo yo que coincide con las connotaciones negativas de la expresión, sin embargo aparentemente la frase es mas antigua que la película (o el libro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen un origen creíble y razonable de la expresión es la existencia del &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Payaso de Rodeo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El rodeo es un deporte altamente peligroso y en ciertos eventos el jinete puede salir bastante lastimado por caídas, pisotones/patadas de caballos o siendo corneado por los toros. Por todo esto se crearon los Payasos de Rodeo, para distraer al toro cuando el jinete se encuentra vulnerable y en los peores casos, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;cargar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; al jinete lesionado para llevarlo con los paramédicos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y pues no es lenguaje ofensivo exactamente (si lo sería decir &quot;ya te cargo la chingada&quot; por ejemplo), pero si es una frase algo informal, por lo que no es algo que sea apropiado usar en una conversación &quot;seria&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T15:01:18.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1384" CreationDate="2013-02-21T19:28:10.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sudamérica: Los países del sur de Panamá, no incluyendo México o los países de América Central.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latinoamérica: Los países en los que se habla español o portugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hispanoamérica: Los países de Latinoamérica menos Brasil. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T00:26:24.213" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T00:26:24.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3400" CreationDate="2013-02-21T20:12:49.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3401/1674&quot;&gt;@Zeravala's answer&lt;/a&gt; is good, but I'd add a few things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was learning Spanish, I decided that the best translation of &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; was most often &quot;but rather.&quot;  &lt;em&gt;No leí el libro de Bioy Casares sino el de Borges&lt;/em&gt;  translates to &quot;I didn't read Bioy Casares' book but rather Borges'.&quot;  Of course sometimes &quot;but&quot; works better, sometimes &quot;rather&quot; or &quot;instead&quot;, and sometimes something quite different works best, which brings me to my next point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sino&lt;/em&gt; can mean something along the lines of &quot;do anything but&quot; such as in &lt;em&gt;no puedo sino reír&lt;/em&gt; which you might translate as &quot;I can't do anything but laugh.&quot;  This second usage is far less common than the first, but as it will turn up from time to time, you should be prepared to recognize it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, to reiterate what @MikMik said, you should also be prepared to see what would properly be written as &lt;em&gt;si no&lt;/em&gt; squashed together.  Many people are sloppy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:19:50.960" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:19:50.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1964" CreationDate="2013-02-22T00:22:01.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate &quot;a través de&quot; as &quot;through,&quot; and &quot;por medio de&quot; as &quot;by means of,&quot; or &quot;using.&quot; The difference is rather slight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T00:22:01.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3404" CreationDate="2013-02-22T00:28:36.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perdiendo takes on the so-called &quot;present progressive&quot; (&quot;ing) tense. That's why &quot;voy&quot; is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation of &quot;Voy perdiendo&quot; is &quot;I am going to be losing.&quot; &quot;Estoy conveys the sense of &quot;being,&quot; but not of &quot;going.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T00:28:36.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3429" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-22T21:25:12.780" Score="5" ViewCount="2236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even my Mexican friends don't know how to say &quot;pie pan&quot; or &quot;pie tin&quot; in Spanish.  Google isn't much help, either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I effectively communicate about a pie pan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disposable, single-use pie pan, made of aluminum:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oJIbM.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Aluminum pie pan&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multi-use metal pie pan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zHAhV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Metal pie pan&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Glass pie pan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pc72l.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-02-26T23:06:20.047" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T16:45:14.663" Title="How do you describe a pie pan in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3429" CreationDate="2013-02-22T21:41:44.703" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first image that comes to my mind is the traditional apple pie dish, baked on top of an aluminum foil plate. It's a hard item to find in Spanish cuisine, but I would use &lt;em&gt;molde para tartas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;plato para tartas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1336" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T21:41:44.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2013-02-22T22:14:27.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En mi opinión&lt;/strong&gt;, es un nefasto y tremendo error de la RAE admitir palabras de nuevo cuño con «&lt;strong&gt;una voluntad de transgresión de las normas ortográficas&lt;/strong&gt;» a menos que su uso frecuente durante decenas de años lo hayan incorporado definitivamente al idioma, que no es el caso de las palabras relacionadas con el movimiento «okupa», que por ahora son únicamente nuevas palabras de moda debido a una fenómeno social relativamente nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema principal de aceptar alegremente transgresiones de las normas ortográficas con una larguísima tradición, es que nos quedamos sin normas ortográficas, y por tanto sin criterio objetivo para no incorporar  «tod@s», «xq», «awevo» o lo que apetezca en cada momento. Adiós idioma, adiós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero además, «okupar» es doblemente innecesaria porque no se trata de nueva palabra como «friki» sin un claro sinónimo en español, ni una abreviatura imaginativa. Resulta que es simplemente «ocupar», un verbo de toda la vida,  pero mal escrito, y que se puede usar en lugar de «okupar» sin que cambie un ápice el significado de la frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, como fonéticamente son indistinguibles, en el español hablado no existe tal palabra, de modo que lo único que se consigue es que una única palabra se pueda pueda escribir &lt;em&gt;correctamente&lt;/em&gt; de formas diferentes, pero sólo en determinados contextos. No cabe mayor inconsistencia para el idioma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así volvemos al &lt;em&gt;Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; donde el mismo verbo se escribía cada vez de una forma distinta, pero antes estaba naciendo un idioma y ahora nos empeñamos en su eutanasia aunque goce de buena salud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precisamente, el emblema original de la RAE original tenía la leyenda «&lt;strong&gt;Limpia, fija y da esplendor&lt;/strong&gt;», porque se creó con el propósito de «&lt;strong&gt;fijar las voces y vocablos de la lengua castellana en su mayor propiedad, elegancia y pureza&lt;/strong&gt;», y desde luego, la incorporación de «okupar» no ayuda a fijar las voces, ni a la pureza del idioma y menos aún a su elegancia. Al contrario, es un ataque en toda regla a los propios principios fundacionales de la RAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojalá esta ocurrencia de la actual RAE quede anulada en la práctica por las normas que ya fijaron sus antecesores y los propios hispanoparlantes, como ha ocurrido con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/01/09/cultura/1357735373.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el intento de quitarle la tilde a «sólo» y «ésto»&lt;/a&gt;.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T22:14:27.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2013-02-23T09:54:16.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi me parece que     &lt;code&gt;contrarevolucionariamente&lt;/code&gt; es mas larga(25 letras)  o  &lt;code&gt;anticontrarevolucinariamente&lt;/code&gt; que cuenta con 29 letras. También  &lt;code&gt;anticontrarevolucionariamentísimamente&lt;/code&gt;  (38 letras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se comportó antirevolucionariamentísimamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1345" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-14T16:57:48.733" LastActivityDate="2015-03-14T16:57:48.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3434" CreationDate="2013-02-23T14:44:10.680" Score="1" ViewCount="1085" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuales son el origen y significado de la primera parte de esa palabra, es decir, lo del 'me'? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la primera parte es una forma abreviada de meter, o la de otro verbo semejante, en ese caso no está claro cómo se ha desarrollado hasta su forma contemporánea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1291" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T10:31:02.903" LastActivityDate="2013-05-12T09:54:51.820" Title="¿De dónde proviene la palabra 'meacamas'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3433" CreationDate="2013-02-23T15:38:14.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Meacamas is a compound word: &lt;em&gt;Mea&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;Camas&lt;/em&gt;. It literally means &quot;Someone who pees on his/her bed&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mea = Third person of the present tense conjugation of the verb &lt;em&gt;Mear&lt;/em&gt; (To Pee)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Camas = Beds (plural of noun Cama -Bed-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, meacamas would literally mean &quot;Someone who pees on his/her bed&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compound words are usually formed by taking a verb in the third person singular and appending a plural noun. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lavavajillas&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Lava&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;Vajillas&lt;/em&gt; (Dishwasher)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rompecorazones&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Rompe&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;Corazones&lt;/em&gt; (Heartbreaker)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1336" LastActivityDate="2013-02-23T15:38:14.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3433" CreationDate="2013-02-23T15:38:28.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you stopped short! &quot;Mea&quot; from the verb &quot;mear&quot; , to urinate.&#xA;hence &quot;wet the bed&quot; based on the use of its leaves as a diuretic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastActivityDate="2013-02-23T15:38:28.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4086" CreationDate="2013-02-23T18:30:39.590" Score="13" ViewCount="157212" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;órale&quot; es usada frecuentemente en México en situaciones informales. ¿Cuál es su significado y origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T13:46:41.967" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T13:46:41.967" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de &quot;órale&quot; y su origen?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3436" CreationDate="2013-02-23T19:58:17.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Órale es un dicho que se puede usar como un saludo &amp;quot;Órale, ¿que pasó?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa entre amigos, para comunicar que uno está de acuerdo, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ya estas listo para irte?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Órale güey!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión viene de la palabra &amp;quot;ahora.&amp;quot; Se corta la palabra y se añade &amp;quot;le&amp;quot;. Otros ejemplos de este tipo de origen son &amp;quot;ándale” y “épale.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-03-31T22:00:24.650" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-24T20:39:29.260" Score="4" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Perú we say &quot;me falta esperar 10 minutos&quot;, in United States we do not say &quot;I am missing waiting 10 minutes&quot;. Why is &quot;falta/missing&quot; added in Peruvian Spanish? Or conversely, why in American English do we not say we lost our time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or am I translating that badly and the Spanish speaker is saying something more like &quot;I lost 10 minutes waiting for the bus&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1348" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-25T19:42:07.557" LastActivityDate="2013-05-25T19:42:07.557" Title="Why is &quot;missing&quot; added to waiting in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3442" CreationDate="2013-02-25T00:59:58.263" Score="2" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking about a conditional event which will happen in the future. But here, future form isn't used. Which of the below sentences is grammatically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whenever these bills have been paid, call me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whenever these bills are paid, call me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estas facturas están pagadas, llámame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estas facturas se pagan, llámame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1344" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-25T08:45:29.033" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T08:53:26.177" Title="How does it form a conditional event which will happen in the future?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3441" CreationDate="2013-02-25T08:53:26.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither of them is correct. For this construction you need the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo#Presente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subjunctive in its present form&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estas facturas &lt;strong&gt;estén&lt;/strong&gt; pagadas, llámame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estas facturas se &lt;strong&gt;paguen&lt;/strong&gt;, llámame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T08:53:26.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3443" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-25T10:04:53.820" Score="6" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy encantado con estas dos formas del lenguaje, pero ninguno de los materiales disponibles ha clarificado la diferencia entre las dos formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiese&lt;/strong&gt; sabido que iba a llover, me habría quedado en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; sabido que iba a llover, me habría quedado en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas simultáneas de todas las lenguas que conozco llevan diferencias, por lo menos en estilo, y tengo la intuición de que el castellano no haga ninguna excepción de las reglas universales, pero ¿cómo se distinguen las dos formas del subjuntivo salvo la antigüedad prevaleciente de las formas con el s?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:25:37.640" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:25:37.640" Title="¿Hay alguna diferencia importante entre los dos subjuntivos?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-12-26T23:30:00.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3443" CreationDate="2013-02-25T10:16:10.680" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El imperfecto de subjuntivo tiene dos conjugaciones posibles, pero las dos son válidas y equivalentes. Es decir, las dos significan exactamente lo mismo y pueden ser intercambiadas, no hay ninguna distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo, por tanto, los dos verbos significan lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí hubiera/hubiese sabido que iba a llover, me habría quedado en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes elegir cualquiera de las dos formas, la que más te guste ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T10:16:10.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3429" CreationDate="2013-02-25T15:10:46.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it depends a lot on the region, but what I've seen on Northern Mexico (more specifically Chihuahua) is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Base para Pay&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (and yes usually pie here is &quot;pay&quot;) or &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Corteza para Pay&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T15:10:46.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3438" CreationDate="2013-02-25T16:34:39.117" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this sense, &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be left.&quot; So &quot;me falta esperar 10 minutos&quot; would be translated &quot;I have 10 minutes &lt;strong&gt;left&lt;/strong&gt; to wait.&quot; If you were talking about losing time you'd use &lt;em&gt;perder&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T16:34:39.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3448" CreationDate="2013-02-25T23:32:10.297" Score="10" ViewCount="10608" Body="&lt;p&gt;A rough English translation for the French word &quot;voilà&quot; might be &quot;there it is.&quot; One of my former Spanish teachers (an American, not a native speaker), would use the word &quot;eso&quot; in this context, in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good translation? If not, what word would be? Or is there no good translation of &quot;voilà&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T15:14:11.957" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:14:11.957" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent for the French word &quot;voilà&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2013-02-26T00:53:19.057" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see a couple of words you can use: &quot;¡ahí está!&quot; or &quot;¡eso!&quot; (just like your teacher said).&#xA;I prefer the first one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1350" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-02-26T08:59:07.313" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T08:59:07.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2013-02-26T07:40:29.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or you can use Voila. Everybody knows that word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T07:40:29.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2013-02-26T09:59:42.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, it is usually said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya está! - Also can be used as &quot;This is it&quot; or &quot;That's all&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Eso es!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1344" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T09:59:42.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2013-02-26T21:29:47.690" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;He ahí&quot; suena un poco anticuado, pero es adecuado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He ahí la casa que te dije -&gt; Voilà la maison je l'ai dit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/he&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T21:29:47.690" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2013-03-01T05:02:54.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the phrase &quot;!ahí está!&quot; or &quot;¡ándale!&quot; is closer to voila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1356" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T08:52:03.547" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T08:52:03.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3404" CreationDate="2013-03-01T09:22:42.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both can be use in the same way while its happening something in that current moment.&#xA;It wont just happen with perdiendo, but with any other verb which its applying gerund, (ing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;voy saliendo, estoy saliendo (I am going out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;voy cayendo, estoy cayendo (I am falling).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;voy corriendo, estoy corriendo (I am running). etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even thought in this sense you can used them both in the same way, &quot;voy&quot;, in some cases can be used also for future actions which havent happend yet, (i would) which you cannot do with &quot;Estoy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras estas fuera de casa, yo voy viendo peliculas. (While you are outside home, i would be watching movies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me avisas cuando llegue, y me voy corriendo a tu casa. (let me know when you arrive, and i would go running to your house).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1359" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T09:22:42.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3374" CreationDate="2013-03-01T16:02:33.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &quot;la señal sonora de cada partícula detectada&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-01T16:42:47.647" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T16:42:47.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3457" CreationDate="2013-03-02T09:24:50.750" Score="2" ViewCount="17066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually use &quot;&lt;em&gt;me gustaría&lt;/em&gt;&quot; when asking for something or expressing myself towards something I would like to do. How about &quot;&lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;querría&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can both be used the same way and what are the differences between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría vivir en Hawaii. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1344" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:19:02.610" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:19:02.610" Title="Me gustaría / quisiera / querría" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3456" CreationDate="2013-03-02T10:24:46.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try to think of it in two ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaria vivir en Hawaii&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would see more as, the prospect/thought of living in Hawaii is pleasing to me.&#xA;Whereas something like &lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt; I would use in different contexts. I think of it like the past subjunctive tense of querer, meaning something that could be possible but perhaps in more of an active sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if I wanted to express the english for, 'I would have liked you to tell me how things were' &#xA;I probably wouldn't say &quot;&lt;em&gt;me hubiera gustado si me hubieras dicho como fueran las cosas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (plus it doesn't sound right) I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quisiera que me dijeras las cosas tal cual &#xA;  I wanted you to tell me things as they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It feels more active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in present tense I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que me digas las cosas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure there is much difference but I have always felt &lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt; to be more of an active word or question. &#xA;Also I rarely hear people say, &lt;em&gt;te gustaría ir al cine? o quisieras tomar un cafe?&lt;/em&gt; as we might say in English, &lt;em&gt;would you like this or that&lt;/em&gt;. Mostly people just ask &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿quieres?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and not whether or not it would &lt;em&gt;please&lt;/em&gt; you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si quisiera vivir en Francia, ¿vivirías conmigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If I wanted to live in France would you live with me?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps, and lets see what natives have to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T17:05:14.013" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T17:05:14.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3429" CreationDate="2013-03-02T15:37:46.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &lt;em&gt;pay&lt;/em&gt; doesn't exist.  &lt;em&gt;Tarta&lt;/em&gt; is a generic word used for everything that is a dessert that is round; specialized deserts exist, like &lt;em&gt;bizchoco&lt;/em&gt; which is a cake with a hole - like pound cake. Apple pie for example may be &lt;em&gt;tarta de manzana&lt;/em&gt;. Pie, like American pie, is not so common so there is not a specific word for it. &#xA;The pan may be called &lt;em&gt;molde para tartas&lt;/em&gt; because it basically means that you want to make a dessert in the shape of a pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1361" LastEditorUserId="278" LastEditDate="2013-03-04T16:45:14.663" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T16:45:14.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3475" CreationDate="2013-03-03T04:38:30.650" Score="6" ViewCount="6873" Body="&lt;p&gt;En clase hemos estado repasando el tiempo pluscuamperfecto. En todos los ejemplos que vimos, usaron el imperfecto del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. Cuando pregunté a mi profesor sobre el pretérito de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, nos dijo que nadie lo usa, y en caso de que alguien sí lo hiciera, parecería muy educado y quizás un poco pretencioso, lo que me hizo pensar que &lt;em&gt;sí hay&lt;/em&gt; veces en que alguien lo usaría. Entonces, ¿qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/learn_spanish/haber_as_a_helping_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un sitio web que dice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of the preterite of HABER has been eliminated from modern&#xA;Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El pretérito de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; ha sido eliminado del español moderno.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es verdad? ¿Hay veces en que alguien lo usaría?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que estoy hablando del uso de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; como un verbo auxiliar, no con otros usos tales como &amp;quot;hay mesas&amp;quot; (no sé cómo hablar de estos modos de verbos, lo siento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me di cuenta de que estaba tratando de hablar del tiempo &lt;em&gt;ante pretérito&lt;/em&gt;. Quiero saber si esto se usa en español hoy en día, si significa lo mismo como el pluscuamperfecto, y si hay algunas connotaciones asociadas, como por ejemplo parecer pretencioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="405" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T18:40:19.737" Title="¿Cómo se usa el antepretérito?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3459" CreationDate="2013-03-03T06:07:41.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que sea eliminado del español moderno. &quot;Que Hubo&quot; es un saludo informal y jergal. Una búsqueda por el internet me dio unos artículos que usan el pretérito de haber. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wradio.com.co/noticias/sociedad/el-primer-carro-que-hubo-en-colombia-rodo-en-medellin-la-ciudad-mas-innovadora-del-mundo/20130301/nota/1851391.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Artículo1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/mundo/ultimas_noticias/2013/03/130301_ultnot_venezuela_homicidios_ap.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Artículo2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=51Gn_HHlFjwC&amp;amp;pg=PT53&amp;amp;lpg=PT53&amp;amp;dq=que%20hube&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=DhTFy_N0ar&amp;amp;sig=Lnv3iL797Hw0AWjS5b5iiy0YQvg&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=4-YyUc6mBIqZiQK-qYGwDA&amp;amp;ved=0CH4Q6AEwCQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Libro1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=_xFZkaXZrjIC&amp;amp;pg=PA132&amp;amp;lpg=PA132&amp;amp;dq=que%20hube&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=0fpuIA-v8s&amp;amp;sig=opKXBIjwXPrHUN1Yps9f9g719_8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=4-YyUc6mBIqZiQK-qYGwDA&amp;amp;ved=0CGYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=que%20hube&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Libro de gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=_xFZkaXZrjIC&amp;amp;pg=PA132&amp;amp;lpg=PA132&amp;amp;dq=que%20hube&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=0fpuIA-v8s&amp;amp;sig=opKXBIjwXPrHUN1Yps9f9g719_8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=4-YyUc6mBIqZiQK-qYGwDA&amp;amp;ved=0CGYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=que%20hube&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;libro de gramática&lt;/a&gt; usa haber como un verbo auxiliar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto hube acabado de limpiar toda la casa, finalicé de cocinar el bizcocho preferido de mi hijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't believe the preterit has been eliminated from modern Spanish. &quot;Que Hubo&quot; is a greeting that is a little informal and slang. A quick internet search showed me many articles and books that use the preterit form of haber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1297" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T20:03:42.023" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T20:03:42.023" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3456" CreationDate="2013-03-03T08:00:23.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are a few minor differences between them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me gustaría&lt;/code&gt; is more of a long term wish, that can only be satisfied over time, maybe a few years.  Por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;Me gustaría ser doctor cuando sea grande&lt;/code&gt; would be an example of something a kid would say.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quisiera&lt;/code&gt; is more of an immediate wish.  You're expressing a desire, that you'd like to satisfy immediately or in the near future.  In this context &lt;code&gt;Quisiera ser doctor&lt;/code&gt; would be more like &quot;I wish I was a doctor&quot; (implying right now), instead of &quot;I want to become a doctor&quot; (in the future sometime).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Querría&lt;/code&gt; has a very similar meaning to &lt;code&gt;me gustaría&lt;/code&gt;, but is used much less often (at least in normal, colloquial spoken Spanish).  In my opinion, it sounds a bit too formal, but I think it's a matter of preference.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T08:00:23.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-03T17:56:08.670" Score="3" ViewCount="884" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does it mean? I've checked the literal meaning with Google:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dirty soul&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking for something more elegant, that shows its tone. Is it an idiom?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1365" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T20:35:55.570" LastActivityDate="2013-03-13T16:41:14.200" Title="What does &quot;alma sucia&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3462" CreationDate="2013-03-03T20:27:54.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never heard it before.  Maybe a regional/slang term for something else?  As far as I know, you're correct, &quot;dirty soul&quot; is the actual meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T20:34:05.743" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T20:34:05.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3462" CreationDate="2013-03-03T20:52:16.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &quot;cruel heart&quot; or &quot;evil&quot; basically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1366" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T20:52:16.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3462" CreationDate="2013-03-04T02:24:10.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never heard it before either, however depending on the context or the meaning you want I'd translate it as one of &lt;code&gt;corrupt|corrupted|black|dark|nasty|impure|horrible|wicked|vile|lewd+soul&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T02:24:10.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-04T16:29:53.753" Score="12" ViewCount="56356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was thinking maybe of &quot;&lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;chingon&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ; however I think those two sound too Mexican specific. Does anybody know a better and less region specific equivalent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2013-03-16T03:18:48.240" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T22:00:19.977" Title="How would you translate the word &quot;badass&quot; to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3468" CreationDate="2013-03-04T17:09:26.850" Score="7" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;While reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://sociedad.elpais.com/sociedad/2013/03/03/actualidad/1362326342_311871.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an article in El País&lt;/a&gt;, I saw this in the last sentence in the 4th paragraph (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“La Religión, según esos acuerdos, no puede ser considerada una &lt;em&gt;maría&lt;/em&gt;, y debe tener el mismo rango que otras asignaturas fundamentales”, declaró.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;maría&quot; mean here?  Is it the mother of Jesus (which, according to the RAE, should be capitalized)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1368" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-06T17:47:24.557" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T08:59:02.060" Title="What is the intended meaning of &quot;maría&quot; in this news article?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3467" CreationDate="2013-03-04T17:14:46.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context &quot;maría&quot; means a course subject that is very easy to pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is said mainly in Spain, if I'm not mistaken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="625" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T17:14:46.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-04T18:49:15.917" Score="4" ViewCount="757" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oración compleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ha sido en la última década cuando la importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha  crecido, sobre todo entre los jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy un poco inseguro de cuáles son las oraciones subordinadas (y cual es la oración principal) y qué función desempeñan las subordinadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He llegado a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ha sido en la última década &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Or. principal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cuando la importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido EDIT: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subord. adjetiva (antecedente=década)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sobre todo entre los jóvenes EDIT: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;topicalizador / elemento periférico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy muy inseguro. Cualquier ayuda es muy apreciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1369" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-03-05T13:16:26.910" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T22:11:32.507" Title="En esta oración compleja ¿cuáles son las oraciones subordinadas y qué función desempeñan?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3469" CreationDate="2013-03-05T01:57:50.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo identifico otras estructuras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sujeto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tácito, reemplazable por &quot;ello&quot;, &quot;aquel fenómeno&quot;, &quot;esa tendencia&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Predicado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ha sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Complemento circunstancial de tiempo, con una &lt;em&gt;oración subordinada circunstancial de tiempo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en la última década, cuando la importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Complemento circunstancial ¿de compañía?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sobre todo entre los jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre este complemento, no estoy por ahora totalmente seguro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca del verbo, corresponde a una acepción de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; que es usado con un significado de &lt;em&gt;ocurrir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;darse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;producirse&lt;/em&gt;, el que por ser &lt;em&gt;intransitivo&lt;/em&gt; carece de &lt;em&gt;complemento directo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-03-05T13:19:30.777" LastActivityDate="2013-03-05T13:19:30.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3467" CreationDate="2013-03-05T08:56:08.763" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;A “maría” in Spain is an easy-to-pass subject. The word “maría” in this sense is informal but widely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The origin of the expression is interesting. In Franco’s times, there were three compulsory subjects common to every University degree: Physical education, Religion and Politics. They were really easy to pass (you had to do almost nothing) and they were called “the three Marys”, in reference to the three evangelical Marys: Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene and Mary Salome (or some other three Marys depending on the source).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="747" LastEditDate="2013-03-07T08:59:02.060" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T08:59:02.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-03-05T13:15:45.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like &quot;fulano tiene mal carácter&quot; or &quot;fulano es agresivo&quot; or &quot;fulano tiene un carácter sanguíneo&quot; (this one  rarely used) are a few options.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They lack the slang color, but are standard (non-regional) Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2013-03-05T13:15:45.183" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3459" CreationDate="2013-03-07T18:19:25.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay cinco pasados en español y los cuatro están en uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito indefinido: hubo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito imperfecto: había&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasado perfecto: ha habido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito anterior: hubo habido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto: había habido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último, que supongo que es al que te refieres, se sule usar en en frases subordinadas o coordinadas en pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1374" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T20:02:59.477" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T20:02:59.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3459" CreationDate="2013-03-07T20:42:46.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tiempo pluscuamperfecto usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; como auxiliar para formarse.  Por ejemplo, la conjugación en primera persona del singular en pluscuamperfecto del verbo &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;había debido&lt;/em&gt;.  Por lo tanto, la conjugación en pluscuamperfecto del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; es la siguiente, con su equivalente en inglés:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;yo había habido     I have had&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;tú habías habido    Thou hadst had&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;él había habido    He had had&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;nosotros habíamos habido    We had had&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;vosotros habíais habido    You had had&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;ellos habían habido    They had had&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;El verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; ha ido perdiendo su significado de &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;, para especializarse como verbo auxiliar &lt;strong&gt;de otros verbos&lt;/strong&gt;.  Es por eso que las conjugaciones compuestas del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; ya no se usan, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice1.html#n35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE no las incluye&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T18:40:19.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3459" CreationDate="2013-03-08T12:17:35.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma “hubo + participio” (llamada pretérito anterior o antepretérito) sigue vigente en el español escrito en su &lt;strong&gt;registro culto&lt;/strong&gt; y se usa en literatura y en el buen periodismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La búsqueda con Google de “cuando hubo terminado” recupera 1.400.000 páginas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es verdad que el pretérito anterior se usa muy poco en el habla, pero se oye a veces, en un &lt;strong&gt;registro culto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es verdad que a las personas de bajo nivel cultural este pretérito anterior les puede parecer, más que pretencioso, raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí van dos ejemplos de uso que a un nativo le sonarían naturales y le pasarían inadvertidos incluso en el habla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Apenas hubo cerrado la puerta, cuando su hermana llamó de forma&#xA;  insistente.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Una vez que hube acabado todo lo que tenía que hacer, me dispuse a&#xA;  salir.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastActivityDate="2013-03-08T12:17:35.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1384" CreationDate="2013-03-08T16:41:55.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Cuban writer Guillermo CAbrera Infante, the way to call the countries in America that share the Spanish language should be Hispanoamerica or Iberoamerica if we want to include Brazil as culutrally is closed to Hispanoamerica. GCI always was pointing out that Latinamerica was a ridiculos name, promoted by France to justify the French intervention in Mexico, whith Maximilan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1378" LastActivityDate="2013-03-08T16:41:55.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-08T17:42:32.287" Score="17" ViewCount="71893" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pronunciación en el centro y el norte de España, como sabemos, pronuncia la &quot;ce&quot; y la &quot;zeta&quot; en forma diferente a la &quot;ese&quot; que es el único sonido que se utiliza para estas tres letras en hispanoamérica. ¿Cual es la causa?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1378" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T16:01:16.467" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T16:01:16.467" Title="¿Por qué la diferencia entre s y z/c solo se da en España?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2013-03-08T18:33:06.420" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según un cuento de mi vecino, lo cual más tarde confirmó mi novia(mexicana), tiene raíces en un rey que hablaba con ceceo. Le daba tanta pena por su impedimento y la gente le amaba tanto que la población se puso a imitarlo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rey Carlos algo creo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente dudo su veracidad pero dado que ese acento se encuentra mas común en Madrid y su alrededor siempre lo he considerado una explicación adecuada. (Madrid es donde se encuentra el palacio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni modo que no sea la verdad verdadera se me hace muy tierno :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T21:33:51.360" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T21:33:51.360" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2013-03-10T09:25:01.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede encontrar un &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/07/TH_07_123_123_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documento&lt;/a&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; que expone el origen del ceceo y lo remonta al s. XVI. En dicho &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/07/TH_07_123_123_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documento&lt;/a&gt; se apunta como causa la &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=WEIQMnLRdDXX2AcRurkF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;indulgencia&lt;/a&gt; de las familias a la hora de corregir a los hijos y de su penetración en apenas medio siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que la indulgencia es un fenómeno global, entendido como término opuesto a una zona geográfica determinada, es difícil entender porqué se propagó en Andalucía y no en otras zonas. Si bien, parece razonable que, cual mutación genética se tratara, se pueda dar en otras zonas pero por falta de un caldo de cultivo adecuado, no se propague o perdure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan extenso, y documentado artículo, no ahonda en las razonas últimas que crearon ese &lt;em&gt;caldo de cultivo&lt;/em&gt; pero bien podemos entenderlo como una confluencia de factores indeterminados en el espacio y en el tiempo y que se debiera analizar en términos de historia, demografía, política y sociedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T09:25:01.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3436" CreationDate="2013-03-10T10:31:20.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como mexicano solo me vienen a mente dos formas de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Como una expresion que se utiliza para exhortar, es decir para incitar a que alguien haga o deje de hacer alguna actividad. ¡órale apúrate!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Expresion utilizada para expresar sorprendimiento o al tener un momento de &quot;eureka&quot;. Ah órale ahora entiendo... órale esta padre el aparato... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el origen, tiendo a estar de acuerdo con la idea de que viene de acortar la palabra ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1384" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T10:31:20.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2013-03-10T19:33:50.680" Score="24" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ha aclarado JolSauron, en el centro y norte de España no hay ceceo, sino el dialecto castellano puro y duro, que pronuncia  /s/ o /θ/ según esté en el español escrito la &quot;s&quot; o la &quot;z&quot; (o la &quot;c&quot; cuando tiene sonido &quot;z&quot; en &quot;ce&quot; y&quot;ci&quot;), y que en España se ha considerado mucho tiempo, y de hecho se considera, el español &quot;culto&quot;, &quot;correcto&quot; u &quot;ortodoxo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ceceo es pronunciar las &quot;s&quot; como si fuera una &quot;z&quot;  de &quot;zapato&quot; tal como la pronunciaría un castellano, y es típico del dialecto andaluz, concretamente de ciertas zonas del suroeste de Andalucía, por ejemplo de Jerez de la Frontera, aunque dicen que hay también algunas poblaciones ceceantes en Hispanoamérica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, por el centro de Andalucía, sobre todo en Córdoba, y en  mayor o menor medida por el resto de Andalucía y sur de España,  lo que predomina es el seseo, que es justo lo contrario (la &quot;z&quot; castellana de &quot;zapato&quot; se pronuncia como &quot;s&quot;), lo mismo que sucede en el Nuevo Mundo (Nuevo sólo para los europeos que no vivían allí, obviamente). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, al margen de ciertos seseos locales por influencia de una segunda lengua (como el gallego y el  valenciano) el seseo y ceceo andaluz deriva de la diferente evolución que tuvieron en el norte y sur de España el sistema de sibilantes del español antiguo en torno al siglo XVI. Ambas variantes dialectales, al ser únicamente orales,  han acabado considerándose un castellano moderno &quot;mal pronunciado&quot; pero los andaluces siempre (desde a Reconquista cristiana, obviamente) han hablado español, nunca el actual castellano (conste que me resultaría indiferente usar &quot;castellano&quot; por &quot;español&quot; si no estuviera distinguiendo dialectos).    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las causas del seseo en América, solo hay que ver lo mucho que se parecen hablando un canario y un cubano, o un andaluz a un chileno, para intuirlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Canarias predomina el seseo porque los colonizadores españoles eran sobre todo andaluces, y en América pasó otro tanto, de modo que allí donde los andaluces no llevaron directamente su típico seseo, lo hicieron  los canarios (fundamentalmente por el Caribe).      &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2014-07-18T07:40:10.413" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T07:40:10.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3484" CreationDate="2013-03-10T19:35:14.613" Score="5" ViewCount="23970" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas las palabras esdrújulas llevan tilde. Había oido que las sobreesdrújulas también lo llevan, pero encontré &quot;exactamente&quot; y otros adverbios escritos sin acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es exactamente la regla de acentuación para sobreesdrújulas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T20:31:57.180" Title="Palabras sobreesdrújulas: ¿cuándo se escriben con tilde?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3482" CreationDate="2013-03-10T19:38:29.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro exactamente de la regla, pero se omite el tilde cuando se trata de palabras compuestas, como con prefijos o sufijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="850" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T19:38:29.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3482" CreationDate="2013-03-10T20:31:57.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las palabras sobresdrújulas como regla general llevan tilde  en la trasantepenúltima sílaba, sean compuestas o no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única excepción son adverbios creados a partir de un adjetivo sin tilde más el sufijo -&lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atrapa + me + lo --&gt; Atrápamelo --&gt; Lleva tilde porque contado por el final la sílaba tónica es la cuarta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Difícil + mente --&gt;  Difícilmente --&gt; Lleva tilde porque contado por el final la sílaba tónica es la cuarta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evidente + mente --&gt; Evidentemente --&gt; Excepción a la regla porque deriva de un adjetivo sin tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T20:31:57.180" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3469" CreationDate="2013-03-10T22:11:32.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo muy olvidado analizar gramaticalmente una oración, pero conceptualmente, si tuviera que decir lo mismo de una forma más directa, yo pondría: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido en la última década, sobre todo entre los jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O resumido como una lista numerada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;en la última década&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sobre todo entre los jóvenes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que en realidad no es más que dos oraciones con mismo el sujeto (la importación ...) y verbo (ha sido) pero diferente predicado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido en la última&#xA;  década.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importación de vocablos de ese idioma ha crecido sobre todo entre&#xA;  los jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El predicado principal es que ocurre (1) de forma general y dentro de este ocurre (2) de forma particular.  Además, se pone especial énfasis en (1) al recurrir al recurso de comenzar con la forma pasiva &quot;Ha sido (1) cuando ...&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que, en resumen, supongo que equivale a decir que (2) es un complemento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T22:11:32.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-03-11T01:09:42.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Huyendo de localismos y vulgarismos, creo que la palabra más apropiada, en español de toda la vida y de uso habitual es  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;energúmeno&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que significa originalmente «persona poseída del demonio», aunque no se usa ya para describir a personajes como la niña de &lt;em&gt;El Exorcista&lt;/em&gt;, que hoy día no abundan por las calles, sino simplemente a  alborotadores o gente que se pone furiosa sin venir a cuento (estos sí que abundan).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y digo que es un término &quot;de toda la vida&quot; porque viene del latín &lt;em&gt;energumĕnus&lt;/em&gt; que a su vez viene del griego ἐνεργούμενος (poseído). Curiosamente, «ser un cabrón» o estar «encabronado» en el fondo también significa eso: ser la representación de El Gran Cabrón en persona O  estar poseído por él, que no es otro que Satanás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si, como comenta Michael Wolf, &quot;badass&quot; puede tener también un significado positivo, tendría que ver ejemplos concretos para opinar mejor. Podría ser equivalente a usar &quot;cabrón&quot; o incluso &quot;hijo puta&quot; en ciertos contextos, pero una advertencia: son palabras  demasiado gruesas incluso para los españoles nativos hablando con gente de confianza. Si tu interlocutor interpreta mal el &quot;halago&quot; (y es muy posible) pensará que lo insultas gravemente y puede que acabes mal parado.  Es más seguro emplear en esos casos términos como &quot;fiera&quot;, &quot;lince&quot; o  &quot;máquina&quot; ...  Más que vulgar, quizás sea cursi decir algo como &quot;eres un lince&quot; en lugar de &quot;eres un cabrón&quot; en cierto contexto, pero siempre será más seguro... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-03-13T06:01:42.303" LastActivityDate="2013-03-13T06:01:42.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-03-11T23:30:03.963" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are looking for the phrase &amp;quot;de puta madre&amp;quot;. I lived in Spain for three years and this is how they say &amp;quot;badass&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dude, sick fucking jacket!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Tío, esta chaqueta es de puta madre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may be interested in these words at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/spanish/cool/sexual.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1388" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-03-13T19:16:29.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3490" CreationDate="2013-03-13T15:57:58.233" Score="2" ViewCount="1253" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ya me voy&quot; is sometimes heard often; for example at the end of the workday. What alternative phrases convey a similar meaning? &quot;Me marcho&quot; comes to mind, but it seems to connote walking in formation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realise this is an open-ended question that may or may not have a good, single answer. As such if this is a poor fit for this particular site I would agree with closing/deleting the question. In either case, thanks very much for your time and I look forward to any answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1354" LastActivityDate="2013-03-15T00:40:48.147" Title="Alternatives to &quot;ya me voy&quot;" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2013-03-13T16:23:38.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Me marcho» is perfectly fine and does not imply marching in formation. These are some other alternatives, albeit a bit colloquial: «Me largo», «Me piro».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastActivityDate="2013-03-13T16:23:38.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3462" CreationDate="2013-03-13T16:41:14.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It literally means &quot;Dirty Soul&quot;. It's not a common phrase in Spanish, more like an attempt to coin a badass sounding term (i.e. &quot;Thug Life&quot;, &quot;Bad Boy&quot;, &quot;Hell Raiser&quot;, etc). Never heard that phrase used in common life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastActivityDate="2013-03-13T16:41:14.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2013-03-14T19:56:10.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of ways comes to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy por irme (I'm about to go)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy saliendo (I'm walking out)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me estoy yendo (I'm leaving)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on what country you are, which expression is used most commonly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the verb &quot;Marchar&quot;, as MikMik said, it does not have the meaning of walking in formation when used in a reflexive way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1393" LastActivityDate="2013-03-14T19:56:10.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3438" CreationDate="2013-03-14T20:35:03.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;me falta esperar 10 minutos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is not customary from any particular country, it is standard spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You could also say &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me faltan 10 minutos de espera&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  or &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me quedan 10 minutos de espera&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Its literal meaning is &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;I have 10 minutes of waiting left&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which would be said more commonly by an english speaker as &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;I still have to wait 10 more minutes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;It's 10 minutes left for the arrival&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ==&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quedan/Faltan 10 minutos para la llegada&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1393" LastActivityDate="2013-03-14T20:35:03.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2013-03-15T00:40:48.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternativas más coloquiales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me largo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me abro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me las piro (me las piro, vampiro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si vas a irte y tienes mucha prisa: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Salgo pitando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me voy zumbando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me voy cagando leches (muy vulgar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya me he ido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si vas a abandonar un grupo por cansancio, o desagrado ante alguna situación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahí os quedáis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-03-15T00:40:48.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3506" CreationDate="2013-03-15T05:10:32.053" Score="14" ViewCount="34454" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído que hace años la RAE cambiaron las reglas para quitar las tildes de las palabras como &lt;em&gt;fué&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dió&lt;/em&gt;, etc. ¿Cuándo pasó eso? ¿Por qué hizo este cambio la RAE? ¿Cuáles fueron las palabras afectadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastEditorUserId="54" LastEditDate="2013-03-15T05:16:14.777" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T05:42:43.567" Title="¿Cuándo quitaron los acentos de las palabras como &quot;fué&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-15T05:27:57.670" Score="2" ViewCount="1805" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I've heard three ways of translating &quot;the reason [something happened]&quot; or &quot;the reason [for something]&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la razón para&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la razón de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la razón por la que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these three constructions, and when would you use each?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T08:46:48.147" Title="Differences between &quot;razón de,&quot; &quot;razón por la que,&quot; and &quot;razón para&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3498" CreationDate="2013-03-15T11:30:45.483" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say the differences are very subtle, and in most cases you could use any of the three options without much difference. But anyway:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La razón para&quot; generally would be used as &quot;the reason for&quot;, as in &quot;the reason to do something we have done in the past or are planning to do in the future&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La razón para ilegalizar las drogas es que son malas para la salud.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La razón de&quot; can be used in the same context as case no. 1, but also to explain the reason why some event happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La razón de que el edificio se cayera es que estaba mal construído.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La razón por la que&quot; can be used in the same context as cases 1 and 2, but is generally less used because it is longer. If you are using it like in case 1, the syntax is a bit different. You have to explain who's the one discussing the reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La razón por la que &lt;strong&gt;el gobierno&lt;/strong&gt; quiere ilegalizar las drogas es que son malas para la salud.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T08:46:48.147" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T08:46:48.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3497" CreationDate="2013-03-15T21:13:29.043" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien indicó &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3506/1674&quot;&gt;@angus en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, precisamente las palabras que se citan en la pregunta ya perdieron la tilde mucho antes de 2010: en las entonces &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bcn.cl/obtienearchivo?id=documentos/10221.1/44349/1/225847.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortografía&lt;/a&gt; de 1959 de la Real Academia Española, donde se indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los monosílabos verbales fue, fui, dio y vio, se escribirán sin tilde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se pregunta por «palabras como fué, dió,etc.», y allí es donde entra la duda, pues se puede entender que la pregunta se extiende más allá de esos cuatro tiempos verbales a otras muchas más palabras monosílabas que también han perdido el acento, y entonces &lt;strong&gt;ya no está tan claro&lt;/strong&gt; cuando se produce el cambio. Es verdad que en la misma obra de 1959 se estableció que si una palabra forma un diptongo de vocal tónica abierta (a, e, o) con una vocal átona cerrada (i, u) átona, o viceversa, se acentuará la abierta cuando lo dispongan las normas generales de acentuación, de modo que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, guión, Sion, no se acentúan gráficamente, por ser monosílabas, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pero&lt;/strong&gt; mientras que quitar la tilde de los cuatro monosílabos verbales creo que se aceptó sin mayores problemas (o quizás no, no tengo recuerdos claros de los 60), buena parte de la población no consideró que estas otras palabras tengan diptongos, sino hiatos, es decir, que fonéticamente no les parecían monosílabas, y en consecuencia, se siguió usando (mucho) «guión» o «Sión». Y tanto es así, que esta segunda «norma» del 59 quedó como &lt;s&gt;papel mojado&lt;/s&gt; recomendación incluso en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lya.fciencias.unam.mx/gfgf/ga20111/material/Ortografia.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española de 1999&lt;/a&gt;, donde &lt;strong&gt;se admitía guión, Sión, fié, huí, etc.&lt;/strong&gt; (pág. 27) y esto &lt;strong&gt;se mantuvo como opcional hasta 2010&lt;/strong&gt;, y ya veremos si acaba de calar como norma, o termina siendo nuevamente una recomendación. Solo (sólo) el tiempo lo dirá.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el «cuándo» sin duda empieza al menos en 1959, pero (y como @angus también señala) ni mucho menos termina ahí, y a esa parte me refería en mi respuesta original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta original&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo pasó eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El 17 de diciembre de 2010, en una sesión conjunta del pleno de la Real Academia Española (RAE) y de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE), se  presentó la  RAE la nueva edición de la Ortografía de la lengua española, que viene a sustituir a la anteriormente vigente, de 1999.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles fueron las palabras afectadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las palabras con diptongos o triptongos ortográficos&lt;/strong&gt;: guion, truhan, fie, liais, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con independencia de cuál sea su articulación real en palabras concretas, se consideran siempre diptongos a efectos ortográficos las combinaciones siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocal abierta (/a/, /e/, /o/) seguida o precedida de vocal cerrada átona (/i/, /u/): estabais, confiar, diario, afeitar, viento, pie, doy, guion, aunar, acuario, actuado, reunir, sueño, estadounidense, antiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos vocales cerradas distintas (/i/, /u/): triunfo, incluido, diurno, huir, viuda, ruido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mismo modo, se consideran siempre triptongos a efectos ortográficos las secuencias constituidas por una vocal abierta entre dos vocales cerradas átonas: confiáis, actuáis, puntuéis, guau.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como consecuencia de la aplicación de estas convenciones, un grupo limitado de &lt;strong&gt;palabras que tradicionalmente se habían escrito con tilde pasan a considerarse monosílabas a efectos de acentuación gráfica&lt;/strong&gt;, conforme a su pronunciación real en algunos hispanohablantes &lt;strong&gt;y a escribirse, por ello, sin tilde&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que &lt;strong&gt;los monosílabos no se acentúan gráficamente, salvo los que llevan tilde diacrítica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras afectadas por este cambio son formas verbales como crie, crio (pron. [krié], [krió]), criais, crieis y las de voseo crias, cria (pron. [kriás], [kriá]), de criar; fie, fio (pron. [fié], [fió]), fiais, fieis y las de voseo fias, fia (pron. [fiás], [fiá]), de fiar; flui, fluis (de fluir); frio (pron. [frió]), friais, de freír; frui, fruis (de fruir); guie, guio (pron. [gié], [gió]), guiais, guieis y las de voseo guias, guia (pron. [giás], [giá]), de guiar; hui, huis (de huir); lie, lio (pron. [lié], [lió]), liais, lieis y las de voseo lias, lia (pron. [liás], [liá]), de liar; pie, pio (pron. [pié], [pió]), piais, pieis y las de voseo pias, pia (pron. [piás], [piá]), de piar; rio (pron. [rió]), riais, de reír; sustantivos como guion, ion, muon, pion, prion, ruan y truhan; y ciertos nombres propios, como Ruan y Sion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué hizo este cambio la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respuesta políticamente correcta: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque para poder aplicar con propiedad las reglas de acentuación gráfica del español es necesario determinar previamente la división de las palabras en sílabas.  Y para dividir silábicamente las palabras que contienen secuencias de vocales es preciso saber si dichas vocales se articulan dentro de la misma sílaba, como diptongos o triptongos (vais, o.pioi.de), o en sílabas distintas, como hiatos (lí.ne.a, ta.o.ís.ta). Pero al no existir uniformidad entre los hispanohablantes en la manera de articular muchas secuencias vocálicas (unos hablantes pronuncian las vocales contiguas dentro de la misma sílaba y otros en sílabas distintas) se estableció ya en 1999 una serie de convenciones para fijar qué combinaciones vocálicas deben considerarse siempre diptongos o triptongos y cuáles siempre hiatos a la hora de aplicar las reglas de acentuación gráfica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La ortografía de 1999, prescribía ya la escritura sin tilde&lt;/strong&gt; de estas palabras pero admitía que los hablantes que las pronunciasen como bisílabas pudiesen seguir acentuándolas. En  2010 se suprime dicha opción porque quiebra el principio de unidad ortográfica, de modo que las palabras que pasan a considerarse monosílabas por contener este tipo de diptongos o triptongos ortográficos deben escribirse ahora &lt;strong&gt;obligatoriamente&lt;/strong&gt; sin tilde, con el fin de garantizar la unidad en la representación escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respuesta políticamente incorrecta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque tenían ganas de marear la perdiz, o para adaptarse a los tiempos modernos, porque hay muchos que no saben (o no quieren) poner tildes. O quizás porque la RAE quería contentar a la ASALE sin pensar en las consecuencias. Quién sabe ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Si alguien deduce de la respuesta anterior que no me gusta mucho la citada norma, se equivoca: No me gusta nada). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2018-09-28T09:27:24.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-28T09:27:24.607" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3502" CreationDate="2013-03-15T23:37:57.510" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A golpe de silbato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;literally means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;blow a whistle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is used to describe &lt;em&gt;fast actions&lt;/em&gt; and/or &lt;em&gt;decisions&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone explain more about it and when/how to use it correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1344" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T08:45:47.617" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T08:45:47.617" Title="How to use &quot;A golpe de silbato&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3501" CreationDate="2013-03-16T19:49:59.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;golpe de silbato&quot; is short and energic beep of a whistle. In many situations, this means that an order must be executed &lt;strong&gt;by many&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;immediately&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;without question&lt;/strong&gt; (Attack the enemy trench, start the race, giving a new stroke of the paddle, etc.). Possibly it is used the word &quot;golpe&quot; (coup) because a &quot;golpe de silbato&quot; has the same function as the &quot;golpe de tambor&quot; (drum beat) or even the &quot;golpe de látigo&quot; (whiplash) in galleys or similar situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, it is logic that a &quot;a golpe de silbato&quot; has become an expression to describe impulsive, abusive or authoritarian orders with an immediate impact. In a positive sense could be used to show that something  must be made fast and without excuses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El golpe de silbato es un pitido corto y enérgico. En muchas situaciones,  esto significa que una orden debe ejecutarse  por muchos, inmediatamente y sin rechistar (Atacar la trinchera del enemigo, comenzar la carrera, dar un nuevo golpe de remo, etc.). Posiblemente se emplee la palabra &quot;golpe&quot; porque tiene la misma función que el golpe del  tambor o incluso el golpe de látigo en galeras y situaciones similares.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por tanto,  se ha convertido en una expresión para describir  órdenes impulsivas, abusivas o autoritarias con repercusiones inmediatas. En un sentido positivo puede indicar la necesidad de hacer algo inmediatamente y sin excusas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-03-16T19:49:59.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2013-03-20T10:52:15.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you talking about the Spanish &quot;ere&quot; or the Spanish &quot;erre&quot;?  There are some English speakers who can imitate the &quot;ere&quot; passably well, but get all tongue tied when they try to pronounce an &quot;erre&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you listen to Irish singers, like Celtic Woman or Celtic Thunder, you'll find that Gaelic uses an &quot;R&quot; that is much like the Spanish &quot;ere&quot;.  So do most dialects of German or Italian. There are undoubtedly other languages that do this.  I even think I hear an occarional &quot;erre&quot; in Gaelic, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English speakers have a hard time with this sound in any of those languages, including Gaelic, or English with an Irish regional accent.  You have to move your tongue in a different way.  When you are three years old, learning to do this comes naturally.  By the time you are 23, it doesn't come naturally any more.  At age 13, when a lot of English speakers start learning Spanish,  the ability to mimic sounds without coaching is largely gone,  but may still be present in some people.  Many language teachers do not do this kind of coaching, and a few don't even pronounce &quot;erre&quot; correctly themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T14:47:20.647" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T14:47:20.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3512" CreationDate="2013-03-20T11:42:27.303" Score="6" ViewCount="579" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the origins of '&lt;strong&gt;moot point&lt;/strong&gt;', appear to have the opposite meaning, &#xA;I'm wondering does anybody have a &lt;em&gt;short&lt;/em&gt; phrase in Spanish for the modern meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;something irrelevant or not valid for discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1408" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T15:32:31.377" LastActivityDate="2013-03-25T17:20:02.873" Title="Equivalent phrase for the modern english 'Moot Point'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3497" CreationDate="2013-03-20T21:53:26.320" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la publicación &lt;em&gt;Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortografía: declaradas de aplicación preceptiva desde 1.º de enero de 1959&lt;/em&gt;, la RAE decretó que las palabras monosilábicas no deben llevar tilde, salvo tilde diacrítica en algunas de ellas. Con esta regla cayeron las tildes de &lt;em&gt;fué&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vió&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dió&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después, en la edición del 2010 de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, decretó que para las reglas de acentuación, los diptongos se deben considerar únicamente de manera ortográfica, y aquí perdieron la tilde varias palabras más, como lo explica Fran &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3500/13628&quot;&gt;en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;. En su explicación solo faltaba la primera parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T05:42:43.567" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T05:42:43.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3508" CreationDate="2013-03-21T01:01:21.673" Score="3" ViewCount="1250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was given the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quiénes os están haciendo las camas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and asked to put it into the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos……….…están haciendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using the &lt;em&gt;objeto indirecto&lt;/em&gt; (OI) and the &lt;em&gt;objeto directo&lt;/em&gt; (OD).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The OD is quite obviously &quot;las camas&quot;, so the pronoun would be &quot;las&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But I can't for the life of me work out what the OI is, is it &quot;os&quot; or is it &quot;ellos&quot;, i.e is the pronoun &quot;os&quot; or &quot;se&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, what the resulting sentence be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos os las están haciendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos se las están haciendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been bugging me for a while so I'd appreciate any answers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1409" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-04-02T21:38:20.343" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T21:38:20.343" Title="Objeto Indirecto" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3507" CreationDate="2013-03-21T06:06:36.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's start by explaining what the indirect object &lt;strong&gt;is not&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indirect object &lt;strong&gt;can't&lt;/strong&gt; be se/ellos, because whatever the IO is, it has to match the pronoun &quot;os&quot; used in the original question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I interpret this question as &quot;who is making your beds?&quot; We know the indirect object is &quot;you&quot;, which is inferred from the possessive pronoun&quot;your&quot;, just as you said. So now the question is which version of &quot;your&quot; do we use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the new sentence's indirect object has to match the pronoun in the original sentence, our only choice is &quot;os.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer therefore is (1) &quot;Ellos os las están haciendo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastEditorUserId="1303" LastEditDate="2013-03-24T01:27:45.460" LastActivityDate="2013-03-24T01:27:45.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3505" CreationDate="2013-03-21T06:08:38.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest I know of is &lt;strong&gt;no tiene que ver&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastActivityDate="2013-03-21T06:08:38.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3505" CreationDate="2013-03-21T11:14:13.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal decir que algo está &lt;strong&gt;fuera de lugar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2013-03-21T11:14:13.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3505" CreationDate="2013-03-21T19:21:49.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way to say it could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un argumento inválido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-03-25T16:32:46.597" LastActivityDate="2013-03-25T16:32:46.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3505" CreationDate="2013-03-22T00:15:00.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we also use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;eso no va al caso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ni al caso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/caso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ni ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. coloq. U. para indicar que algo no se toma o no debe ser tomado en consideración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T00:20:44.383" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3507" CreationDate="2013-03-25T13:23:00.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Quiénes os están haciendo las camas?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos las están haciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos nos las están haciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-03-25T13:23:00.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3505" CreationDate="2013-03-25T17:20:02.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, I'd simply choose &lt;strong&gt;irrelevante&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That -of course- means &lt;strong&gt;irrelevant&lt;/strong&gt;, which might not be exactly equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;moot point&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But, as a general translation, it seems to me more appropiate than other proposed expressions (that might be better in special cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-03-25T17:20:02.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2013-03-27T01:34:39.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor traducción es to &quot;muddle through&quot;.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Muddle through&lt;/strong&gt;, to achieve a certain degree of success but without much skill, polish, experience, or direction: None of us knew much about staging a variety show, so we just had to muddle through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastActivityDate="2013-03-27T01:34:39.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1696" CreationDate="2013-03-27T02:08:08.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Dominican Republic is widely used Bienes Raices/Real Estate.  Agencia Inmobiliaria for Broker Agency or Real Estate Agency. I'm not familiar with the term Bienes Inmuebles; though in the DR it is rather used Bienes Inmobiliarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1424" LastActivityDate="2013-03-27T02:08:08.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2013-03-27T04:36:57.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;anticonstitucionalmente = unconstitutionally (RAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;laparosalpingooforotomía = a surgical intervention (NO RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1425" LastActivityDate="2013-03-27T04:36:57.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-03-27T05:06:40.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;what about &quot;bravo&quot;? in possitive and negative way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=bravo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/?type=3&amp;amp;val=bravo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1425" LastActivityDate="2013-03-27T05:06:40.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2013-03-28T09:47:30.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes we forget the main goal of RAE is not &lt;em&gt;creating&lt;/em&gt; the language rules (in fact, it is not &lt;strong&gt;at all&lt;/strong&gt;), but adapting the rules to the actual and current way of use it. If there is a word like &lt;em&gt;okupar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;born more than 40 years ago,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;known by most part of Spanish-speakers,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;used only (or mainly) by Spanish-speakers,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;used by media, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;that adds a new meaning (I think we agree there are clear differences with &lt;em&gt;ocupar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then RAE's duty is accept it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of examples of that written above, just doing a &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/buscador/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;search on El Paìs&lt;/a&gt; throws 3656 results with the word &lt;em&gt;okupa&lt;/em&gt;. Most of them are before RAE's change and the word appears in inverted commas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it should be written with &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; if we want to give the word that meaning. If it was written this way before the rule, also now!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1427" LastActivityDate="2013-03-28T09:47:30.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2013-03-30T17:24:24.030" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perejil is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perejil = parsley (petroselinum crispum); looks the same as cilantro, but has a much milder, more neutral taste. (Parsley lacks the distinctive &quot;soapiness&quot; of cilantro that people seem to have such strong feelings about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cilantro = (Amer. English) cilantro/coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Looks like parsley but with a stronger, slightly soapy flavor. Older generations often call it coriander, as it's known in Britain. Younger generations in the U.S. often know it as an ingredient in Thai, Mexican, Latin American, Indian, Vietnamese, etc., cuisine and usually call the leaves &quot;cilantro,&quot; although the seeds and the ground spice derived from them are still usually called &quot;coriander&quot; in U.S. English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;culantro = (Eryngium foetidum), a different plant with different-shaped leaves. All three (parsley, cilantro/coriander, and culantro) are related to one another, and culantro's flavor is often described as a much stronger version of cilantro. In some dishes they can be interchangeable, but often they are not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their names, however, are somewhat idiosyncratic in Spanish, varying a lot from one region to another and sometimes going by different names entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1432" LastActivityDate="2013-03-30T17:24:24.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-31T12:19:09.613" Score="5" ViewCount="3370" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_espa%C3%B1ol_en_el_Per%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; que hay cinco variaciones del español hablado en el Perú, y que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_amaz%C3%B3nico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;español amazónico&lt;/a&gt; parece predominar en un área geográficamente más extensa que los otros dialectos. Supongo que hay también un idioma común y distintamente peruano, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tal modo de español peruano existe, ¿hay recursos educativos en la red para aprender a usarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T21:39:42.457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:30:34.867" Title="¿Cuáles son las distinciones más importantes del castellano amazónico del Perú?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3524" CreationDate="2013-04-01T23:20:40.160" Score="10" ViewCount="134168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, suelo encontrar los encabezados de las cartas como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                                                  Cierta ciudad, Cierto país, &#xA;                                                  30 de marzo de 2013&#xA; Dr. Juan López   &#xA; Presidente de la Asociación de XY  &#xA; Presente&#xA;&#xA; Estimado Dr. López, &#xA;&#xA; blah blah...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;presente&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Para qué se escribe?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Después del destinatario ¿qué signo de puntuación es el correcto? ¿dos puntos o coma? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Estimado Dr. López:&#xA;&#xA; El motivo de mi carta ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     Estimado Dr. López,&#xA;&#xA;     el motivo de mi carta ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-04-01T23:26:00.997" LastActivityDate="2020-07-24T15:55:25.020" Title="Significado de &quot;presente&quot; en una carta. ¿Se escribe dos puntos después del destinatario?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3522" CreationDate="2013-04-02T00:11:58.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En castellano se debe utilizar &quot;:&quot; en los encabezamientos, siendo el uso de &quot;,&quot; una costumbre anglosajona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE refiriéndose a su uso dice en [1]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.4. Se emplean tras las fórmulas de saludo en el encabezamiento de cartas y documentos. En este caso, la palabra que sigue a los dos&#xA;  puntos, y que inicia el cuerpo de la carta, se escribe con inicial&#xA;  mayúscula y en renglón aparte (→ mayúsculas, 3.3a): Muy señor mío: /&#xA;  Le agradeceré que en el plazo más breve posible... &lt;strong&gt;Es costumbre&#xA;  anglosajona, que debe evitarse en español, utilizar la coma en lugar&#xA;  de los dos puntos&lt;/strong&gt;: Querido amigo, / Te escribo esta carta para&#xA;  comunicarte...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a qué significa &quot;presente&quot; decir que no le encuentro ningún sentido. En encabezamientos de cartas formales se utiliza la forma &quot;por la presente...&quot; refiriéndose a que &quot;por medio de esta carta...&quot;. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por la presente me dirijo a ustedes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2a3yRXFBiD6rvDOMtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2a3yRXFBiD6rvDOMtq&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastEditorUserId="1146" LastEditDate="2013-04-02T00:17:47.730" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T00:17:47.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3522" CreationDate="2013-04-02T10:07:59.450" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debajo del nombre del destinatario va la dirección. Si la carta no se envía (se entrega en mano) se pone &quot;presente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dr. Juan López                                 Dr. Juan López&#xA;Presidente de la Asociación de XY     vs       Presidente de la Asociación de XY&#xA;Presente                                       Calle 109, 1234&#xA;                                               CIUDAD&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es (era) común poner “S / D”, que significa “su despacho”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día probablemente se ponga “presente” en cartas enviadas por correo por desconocimiento y “tradición” (repetir algo que se ha visto pero cuya función se desconoce).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras el &lt;strong&gt;vocativo&lt;/strong&gt;, que puede o no incluir el nombre del destinatario (ejemplo: “Estimado colega:”), se usan los dos puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2013-04-02T10:26:55.720" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T10:26:55.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="463" CreationDate="2013-04-03T03:12:52.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The explanation I received in Cuba is that when a turista is not fluent in Spanish and constantly uses their English/Spanish dictionary,  it so boring to them that it would be enough to kill a donkey.  Just my two cents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1436" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T03:12:52.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-04-04T04:24:13.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mean badass as a joke (as in the badass meme) you can use &quot;malote&quot;.&#xA;I don't know how to translate it for the other meaning though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1440" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T04:24:13.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-04T10:21:03.007" Score="4" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know what would be the right translation of the term &quot;news junkie&quot; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or a term which better fits as most used translation for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1441" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:02:58.987" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T18:43:13.360" Title="How to translate &quot;News Junkie&quot; to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2013-04-04T10:36:14.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the same construction as &lt;em&gt;drogadicto&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;drug addict&lt;/em&gt;) you could use the invented &lt;em&gt;noticiadicto&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;noticias&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;adicto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T10:36:14.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3532" CreationDate="2013-04-04T18:45:43.960" Score="13" ViewCount="38936" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently saw this billboard in León, Guanajuato, México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Phu4O.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Tecate billboard&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Sorry for the awkward placement of the light pole in the photo; I was driving when I snapped it.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sign is an advertisement for Tecate beer, and follows a pattern similar to other Tecate advertisements which also read &quot;Es fácil ser hombre&quot;, with some sort of clever or cute photo with a simple caption.  (The one I recall was a wire coat hanger as a TV antenna).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this one puzzles me.  What does a photo of a woman, and the caption &quot;Prima&quot; mean in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There must be some double-meaning with which I am unfamiliar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-23T16:20:21.390" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T05:38:10.800" Title="Does &quot;Prima&quot; have a double-meaning (in Mexico)?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3531" CreationDate="2013-04-04T21:56:29.023" Score="4" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's something in software or websites that is called a &amp;quot;how-to&amp;quot; section, it is like a frequently asked questions (faq) section but with a content closer to be a tutorial of how to do something in particular, or various things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, on the right of stack overflow when you create a question and click on the tags section to add your tags there's a frame with title &amp;quot;how to tag&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish to translate that short expression (how to, not how to tag :-)) in castellano, keeping if possible its convenient shortness (the context is that I'm myself adding a &amp;quot;how to&amp;quot; section to my website &lt;strong&gt;menu&lt;/strong&gt; and I need to translate it to castellano.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-07-04T15:05:45.150" LastActivityDate="2020-07-04T15:06:56.433" Title="How to translate the software specific expression &quot;how to&quot; in castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3530" CreationDate="2013-04-04T22:10:52.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The obvious translation would be &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Cómo + &amp;lt;infinitive&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, and a quick search at Amazon, for 'how to' books in Spanish shows this seems to be correct way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0764130285&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo Prepararse Para el GED&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/1567180280&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo Descubrir Sus Vidas Pasadas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.tldp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linux Documentation Project in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, refers to HOWTOs as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.tldp.org/htmls/comos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CÓMOs&lt;/a&gt;. Although, even in English, TLDP's use of 'HOWTO' is a bit special.  They use 'How to' as a noun, as in &amp;quot;The Networking HOWTO&amp;quot; or the &amp;quot;DVD HOWTO&amp;quot;.  But I suspect that may be what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-07-04T15:06:56.433" LastActivityDate="2020-07-04T15:06:56.433" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3529" CreationDate="2013-04-05T06:03:30.293" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, &quot;Prima&quot; means the same thing you're most likely thinking (female cousin), the deeper meaning comes from a Mexican (vulgar) saying that goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la Prima se le arrima&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;arrima&lt;/code&gt; in this particular case has sexual connotations (kind of bringing your genitals closer to her, so to speak).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paraphrasing some guy on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1947320&quot;&gt;Wordreference forums&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Situation: Jorge and Juan are at a coffee shop. Jorge greets a chick that's passing by, and Juan asks: &quot;Quien es ella?&quot;; these are 2 possible scenarios based on that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jorge states she's his cousin, and says: &quot;Tu prima bien buena, presentame a tu prima, porque a la prima se le arrima, ¿O no?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jorge states she's Jose's cousin (He's one of their friends), and then says: &quot;Esta buenisima, dile a Jose que me presente a su prima, porque a la prima se le arrima&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically as you can see the lady in the advertisement is quite attractive and following the premise that &lt;code&gt;Es fácil ser hombre&lt;/code&gt; it's easy for a guy to see a beautiful lady and want to do &quot;nasty&quot; things with her or something like that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-04-08T15:00:10.613" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T15:00:10.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3547" CreationDate="2013-04-05T15:42:39.537" Score="3" ViewCount="2618" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to express this idiomatic expression?  -- Stir the pot --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to say something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;she stirs the pot even more by inviting this person to her house.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would imagine I could get away with saying something like, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella complica la circumstancia más por invitar a esta persona a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that doesn't sit well with me as a good translation.  In English, &quot;stir the pot&quot; has a distinct meaning and a distinct way of expressing the complications such that I wouldn't even have to mention the situation at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-05T17:03:01.127" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T21:51:41.247" Title="Stir the pot, in American Spanish" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-04-05T15:52:32.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De poca madre is also a way to express this.  I want to say it is less vulgar than puta madre because it lacks the word puta.  But in my experience in Mexico, I have learned that the word madre itself can be used vulgarly.  So I am not sure which expression is more or less vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar de poca madre&#xA;Estar de puta madre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to avoid the use of puta, you can´t exactly throw it out and say.. Está de madre!&#xA;This is where you could simply say -- Está de poca la chaqueta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2013-04-05T15:52:32.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3533" CreationDate="2013-04-05T16:07:32.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, I have came to the conclusion after searching and searching and asking people I know that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Empeorar la situación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the closest I am going to get.  But for educations sake, feel free to provide more solutions.... If there is any way possible to avoid the word situación, I would greatly appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2013-04-05T16:07:32.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3533" CreationDate="2013-04-06T09:36:18.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México I use this expression: “Ella trata de amarrar navajas al invitarlo(la) a su casa”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in a higly friendly informal way I would say: “Ella le echa limón a la herida al invitarlo(la) a su casa”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastActivityDate="2013-04-06T09:36:18.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2013-04-06T14:35:27.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Noticiadicto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; doesn't exist in Spanish. To use an accepted expression in correct Spanish that conveys the meaning of &quot;&lt;em&gt;news junkie&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, would be better to use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;adicta/o a las noticias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1446" LastActivityDate="2013-04-06T14:35:27.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3540" CreationDate="2013-04-07T10:24:35.890" Score="3" ViewCount="1325" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my spanish text book there is a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tenéis que contestar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; las preguntas de la profesora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;contestar&quot; can be followed directly by objects, why should we use a preposition &quot;a&quot; before the object here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tenéis que contestar las preguntas de la profesora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1396" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T05:26:36.720" Title="Can I say &quot;contestar las preguntas&quot; instead of &quot;contestar a las preguntas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3539" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-08T05:23:02.347" Score="4" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;After looking at the Spanish Keyboard that comes in Windows I have come to notice that there are 5 Dead Keys on the Spanish Keyboard layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Name                Example &#xA;´ ACUTE ACCENT        más&#xA;¨ DIAERESIS           pingüino &#xA;` GRAVE ACCENT       &#xA;ˆ CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT &#xA;~ TILDE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do such dead keys exist on the keyboard layout?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What significance do they have in the language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1449" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T00:44:28.787" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T00:44:28.787" Title="Linguistic Use of Spanish Characters Keyboard Layout" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;&lt;keyboard&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3538" CreationDate="2013-04-08T05:26:36.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, both phrases are equally valid, though most people I know usually omit the &quot;a.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1433" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T05:26:36.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3539" CreationDate="2013-04-08T07:17:19.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;~ TILDE   año, niño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GRAVE ACCENT and CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT are used in Portuguese, I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T07:17:19.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3539" CreationDate="2013-04-08T11:48:04.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The acute accent is used to mark which is the stressed syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diaeresis is actually only used in the 'u' letter. It is used to note that it must be pronounced in contrary to the normal uses of the ‘gue’ and ‘gui’ in the Spanish language.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are no uses in Spanish (that I know, maybe some obscure reference) for the grave accent and the circumflex accent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say, the tilde is only used for the letter 'ñ' in spanish and no other letters uses it. I have sometimes seen it as a logial NOT in logic classes such as NOT A THEN B is represented as ~A --&gt; B instead of the symbol '¬'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1443" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T11:48:04.710" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3539" CreationDate="2013-04-08T14:56:22.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;^ is used in Math syntax for powers: 3^2=9, because of the difficulty of writing it on the computer with its traditional notation. It's an international unwritten law (or maybe written), so we also need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same with ~, it means an approximation in Maths. Also negation in logic syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish language there is no usage of `, but (I'm not sure about this) I think Catalan language does use it, and they use our same keyboard. It's also useful for writing in French or Italian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, although they aren't used on Spanish language, &lt;strike&gt;they aren't dead keys for us.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1427" LastEditorUserId="1427" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T14:41:42.687" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T14:41:42.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3178" CreationDate="2013-04-08T17:31:10.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;modularizar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no aparece en el diccionario de la RAE, pero no es ninguna barbaridad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;modular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es correcto, sólo que su significado no tiene absolutamente nada que ver, la barbaridad es confundirlo con &lt;em&gt;modularizar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;programación modular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es una expresión correcta, pero en ella el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;modular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es un adjetivo, no un verbo. Como se señaló arriba, el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-izar&lt;/em&gt; sirve precisamente para formar verbos a partir de adjetivos o sustantivos, por tanto se podrían usar (y se usan) los términos &quot;&lt;em&gt;modulizar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (a partir del sustantivo &quot;módulo&quot;) o &quot;&lt;em&gt;modularizar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (a partir del adjetivo &quot;modular&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1451" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T01:55:19.237" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T01:55:19.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3539" CreationDate="2013-04-08T20:03:12.820" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;grave;&lt;/code&gt; (grave accent) is there for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language#Writing_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Catalan&lt;/a&gt;. For this language, the &lt;code&gt;ç&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;·&lt;/code&gt; were also brought in (at least on the physical keyboards sold in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;^&lt;/code&gt; is likely to be used for completeness (this accent is quite common in Portuguese and French)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-04-12T15:06:29.057" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T15:06:29.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3539" CreationDate="2013-04-09T01:08:44.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tilde is occasionally used with the letter &quot;a&quot; in Portuguese.  e. g. sao paolo.&#xA;(sorry, I can't type it correctly, but there is a tilde on the first &quot;a&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T01:08:44.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3533" CreationDate="2013-04-09T09:54:45.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I didn't know that idiom in English, but from what I see, there are some expressions that can fit. They have slightly different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/le%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Echar leña al fuego&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: do or say something to worsen a situation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Echar sal en la herida&lt;/strong&gt;: do or say something that increases somebody's pain (physical or emotional)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/trapo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sacar los trapos sucios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: make public someone else's faults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revolver la mierda&lt;/strong&gt;: bring back an issue that is settled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T09:54:45.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-09T12:32:02.430" Score="3" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which, if either, of these are correct for &quot;Remind me to give it to you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuérdeme dártelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuérdeme que te lo dé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T19:07:47.257" LastActivityDate="2013-08-16T21:43:41.203" Title="Remind me to give it to you" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3550" CreationDate="2013-04-09T13:36:46.260" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have a question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quiénes van a ver a Luisa el domingo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can answer it someway like this, using object pronoun (I do not know if this is the right way to say that in English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los alumnos van a verla el domingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I want to put &quot;la&quot; in front of the verb phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los alumnos la van a ver &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; el domingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I say the &quot;a&quot; in bold here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1396" LastEditorUserId="1396" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T13:53:06.363" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T13:53:06.363" Title="When using object pronouns, should I say &quot;la van a ver a&quot; or &quot;la van a ver&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3549" CreationDate="2013-04-09T13:51:56.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're close, but &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, even though your &lt;code&gt;Los alumnos van a verla el domingo.&lt;/code&gt; is correct, in the second case you should say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los alumnos la van a ver &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; domingo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T13:51:56.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3548" CreationDate="2013-04-09T13:56:49.603" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are right, just changing &lt;em&gt;Recuérdeme&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;Recuérdame&lt;/em&gt;. The first one is third person, or &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, but in that case should be &lt;em&gt;dárselo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;que se lo dé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tildes&lt;/em&gt; are also missing ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuérdame dártelo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Recuérdame que te lo dé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have to say which one is more common, maybe I would say the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1427" LastEditorUserId="1427" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T14:02:10.680" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T14:02:10.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-09T14:26:07.790" Score="8" ViewCount="32976" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile, es muy frecuente oír el dicho popular &quot;Hoy canta Gardel&quot;, aludiendo al singular artista argentino Carlos Gardel. Particularmente se utiliza como forma de mencionar el día de pago o bien cuando se sabe que se recibirá dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al respecto, surgen diversas hipótesis sobre el origen de esta frase. Una de ellas, refiere el hecho de que cuando cantaba Gardel, éste le entregaba dinero a los más pobres. Otra hipótesis, indica que esta frase surge debido a los altos costos de las entradas a sus conciertos. Otra  hipótesis, hace mención al mercado del Abasto, en donde se encontraban las clases sociales de Buenos Aires, y al oír cantar a Gardel desaparecían las enemistades de clase y todos estaban felices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He leído varias notas en la web pero carecen de fundamentos sólidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta entonces la planteo, no para obtener más hipótesis (pues podría dar para mucho), sino mas bien si alguien conoce acaso antecedentes concretos que fundamenten alguna de éstas u otras hipótesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1453" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:41:05.273" Title="Etimología de la frase popular &quot;Hoy Canta Gardel&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2013-04-09T15:48:30.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although this alternative is not &quot;formal&quot; (as it is something you'd find in light-hearted books/movies/comics/comedy TV/etc), you could use &quot;pum&quot; (pronounced &quot;poom&quot; in Spanish), or even &quot;pow&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1454" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T17:06:04.393" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T17:06:04.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3554" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3566" CreationDate="2013-04-09T20:22:03.283" Score="3" ViewCount="39694" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard this phrase, and several similar around the word &quot;vago&quot;, but I don't really understand what it means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;vago&quot; seems to translate directly to &quot;vague&quot;... But what does this sort of expression actually mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To wander aimlessly, perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-04-09T23:06:10.510" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T08:00:18.407" Title="Meaning of &quot;andar de vago(a)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2013-04-09T21:23:40.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No equivalence, I'm afraid  (I play guitar, but not electric). It seems that the word is used among electric guitar players untranslated: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guitarristas.info/foros/donde-sale-twang/6753&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guitarristas.info/foros/donde-sale-twang/6753&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guitarrista.com/phpbbforum/viewtopic.php?f=111&amp;amp;t=79492&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guitarrista.com/phpbbforum/viewtopic.php?f=111&amp;amp;t=79492&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guitarraonline.com.ar/index.php?sec=articulos/pastillas&amp;amp;titulo=Articulos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guitarraonline.com.ar/index.php?sec=articulos/pastillas&amp;amp;titulo=Articulos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T21:23:40.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3533" CreationDate="2013-04-09T21:51:41.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puso las cosas peor invitando a esa persona a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella puso las cosas todavía peor al invitarlo a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella lo complicó todo mas ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se acabó de complicar invitándolo a casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T21:51:41.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3554" CreationDate="2013-04-09T22:03:21.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't heard 'andar de vaga' before but I have heard 'andar de vago'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I take it to mean someone who goes around without a real direction in life. Perhaps they live off of their family and maybe have a part time job but at 28 years old they should really have started a career and moved out by now. A waster. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it is meant to reference the phrase in a female manner? And therefore imply something else? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think of 'andar' like to 'go around' doing something, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me contaron ayer que desde que se fue su esposa anda de borracho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;They told me yesterday that since his wife left him he spends the whole time drunk.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And vago - Vagabundo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-10T20:24:11.060" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T20:24:11.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3560" CreationDate="2013-04-09T22:30:42.050" Score="7" ViewCount="11087" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to translate the english idea of 'making it up to someone'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you couldn't go to a birthday party or you broke a vase in your friends mums house and you say to them: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No, I'm really really really sorry. I'll make it up to you. I'll take you for icecream. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the verb &lt;strong&gt;reivindicarse&lt;/strong&gt; might be the closest but I was wondering if this is the most correct way to express it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nooo lo siento mucho, te juro que no quise perder tu cachorro me reivindicaré  &#xA;vamos, te llevo a la tienda de mascotas y te compro otro &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2013-04-10T09:23:14.700" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T05:11:13.260" Title="Colloquial translation of 'make it up' (to someone)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3554" CreationDate="2013-04-09T23:46:09.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yup, that's exactly what it means. &quot;Vago&quot; is short for &quot;vagabundo&quot; (the English equivalent would be &quot;vagabond&quot;), which quite literally means &quot;drifter&quot; or &quot;vagrant.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1433" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T23:46:09.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3558" CreationDate="2013-04-10T07:07:57.143" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on the context, you can use &lt;code&gt;reinvindicar&lt;/code&gt;or &lt;code&gt;compensar&lt;/code&gt;or &lt;code&gt;quedar a mano&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now then I think that &lt;strong&gt;reinvindicar&lt;/strong&gt; is more used in a redemption fashion. For instance if you broke the leg of someone in the heat of rage you would care of him for all those months for &lt;strong&gt;reinvindicación&lt;/strong&gt;. This can also be used to pay for your sins for instance make a good deed to &lt;strong&gt;reinvindicar&lt;/strong&gt; your sins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion &lt;strong&gt;compensar&lt;/strong&gt; is more to make up for an injustice,  say you made a deal with a friend about exchanging a bicycle for a motorcycle, so because you gave only a bicycle you should also give 100$ or something to &lt;strong&gt;compensar&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the one that adapts the most to &lt;strong&gt;make up to someone&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;code&gt;quedar a mano&lt;/code&gt;because this inherently means that you are &quot;even&quot;, if you lost the puppy of someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento mucho, no quise perder tu cachorro, te conseguiré otro y así quedamos a mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T07:07:57.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3561" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-10T17:19:08.320" Score="3" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to say &quot;My flight is at 10&quot;.  I can imagine several translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo esta a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo es a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo sale a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo vuelo a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are any of these close to being correct?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-10T20:25:02.313" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T23:08:55.943" Title="Proper way to express the time of a flight" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-04-10T18:09:08.670" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Except for the first one, all of them are correct. I'd omit the pronoun in the last one unless you were stressing that it's you who's travelling (as in &quot;yo vuelo a las 10, no sé a qué hora vuelas tú&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd go with &quot;Mi vuelo es a las 10&quot; in most situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T18:09:08.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-04-10T18:44:44.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;also consider using the verb &lt;strong&gt;despegar&lt;/strong&gt; (to take off). I hear this verb a lot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo / el avión despega a las 10 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T18:44:44.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3554" CreationDate="2013-04-10T19:38:15.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vago&quot; means &quot;tramp&quot;. But &quot;Andar de vago&quot; is equivalet to say &quot;being always outside your home&quot; (or whatever place you are supposed to stay). In my country (El Salvador) it is said mostly to those teenagers who always want to spend their time outside their home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastEditorUserId="1458" LastEditDate="2013-04-10T21:32:57.617" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T21:32:57.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3554" CreationDate="2013-04-11T18:50:41.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Andar de vago&quot; o &quot;andar de vaga&quot; (both are correct, but the first one is for the masculine gender and the second one for the feminine gender) means in Mexico &quot;being almost all the time out of the house&quot;. But this has also the implication of not doing anything beneficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mírate nada más, no haces nada... ¡¡¡eres un vago!!!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Look at you, you do nothing... you're a &quot;vago&quot;!!!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You think of a &quot;vago&quot; that he has no job or he doesn't study (if he's a teenager or in his early twenties) so basically he passes all his time in the street, just hanging around with friends and wasting his time. It's not really a &quot;vagabundo&quot; because this would translate actually like &quot;homeless&quot;, so &quot;vago&quot; is not strictly the same, though it could eventually be, by extension of the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vago&quot; in this case is related to the verb &quot;vagar&quot; which means &quot;to go around with no specific destination&quot;. The word &quot;vago&quot; can be translated indeed as &quot;vague&quot; as well, but not in this context. An example where this meaning is used can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No comprendí lo que me dijo... fue algo muy vago.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - I didn't understand what he said... it was too vague.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you use the term to express that what was said was not clear enough or not detailed enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1459" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T08:00:18.407" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T08:00:18.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3579" CreationDate="2013-04-12T09:42:27.727" Score="7" ViewCount="2392" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Medellín (Colombia) se dice mucho &quot;eso pasó ahorita&quot;, pero parecería ser que &quot;ahora&quot; o &quot;ahorita&quot; es más de futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos vienen ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos llegaron ahorita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No suena bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1461" LastEditorUserId="1433" LastEditDate="2013-04-13T01:24:18.560" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T21:38:22.723" Title="¿Es válido decir &quot;eso pasó ahorita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-04-12T09:43:43.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of these are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo es a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo sale a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't sound right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo vuelo a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi avión sale a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1461" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-07T22:07:39.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3567" CreationDate="2013-04-12T10:16:47.157" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;También escucho esto bien seguido. Ahorita no es una palabra ni concepto fácil de traducir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sí se usa parar referirse a eventos en el futuro inmediato también se usa para expresar sucesos en el pasado reciente. Para mí si oigo a alguien decir algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, lo vi ahorita en el Starbucks en Plaza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi mente pienso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí lo ví hace rato en el Starbucks en Plaza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviera que asignarle un periodo de tiempo diría que se refiere a hechos pasados dentro del presente dia y alrededor de dos o tres horas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al respecto a ahorita en el futuro nunca des por sentado que cuando alguien dice &lt;strong&gt;si ahorita lo hago&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir que eso va a pasar. Bien seguido se la usa para decir lo que seria el equivalente en ingles a &lt;strong&gt;in a bit&lt;/strong&gt;. La idea es que dices que lo vas a hacer pero no sabes exactamente cuando, ni como, y a veces ni porque. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sure Mum, I'l clean my room in a bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso cuando la usamos en referencia al futuro la usamos con el tiempo subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno ahorita que vayamos al mercado te compramos tus Micheladas (en ésta oración)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2013-04-12T17:51:54.497" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T17:51:54.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1325" CreationDate="2013-04-13T06:58:41.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Northern Mexico and &quot;pico de gallo&quot; translates to pico (pecked) de gallo (from a rooster) so in the culinary industry it is a relish but in Mexico it is a tradition (it's something that a rooster pecked).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1463" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-16T23:18:26.520" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T23:18:26.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3573" CreationDate="2013-04-13T07:59:31.397" Score="3" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish and want to post a picture of my new running shoes that I will be using in the Madrid marathon. Which is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuevos zapatos por España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuevos zapatos para España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, one means &quot;I have new shoes for me to use in Spain&quot; and the other indicates something like &quot;I have new shoes for the country of Spain to use&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which one implies &quot;I have new shoes for me to use in Spain&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1464" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T01:01:53.297" Title="nuevos zapatos por/para España?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3571" CreationDate="2013-04-13T23:49:17.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estos son los nuevos tenis que voy a usar para el maratón en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For running shoes you use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tenis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tenis&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tenis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Calzado de tipo deportivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-13T23:58:11.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3571" CreationDate="2013-04-14T00:18:45.797" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuevos zapatos por España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't really make sense. I mean someone that speaks Spanish would not understand what you mean. In that sentence when i read it, that &quot;por&quot; feels like &quot;for&quot; in the sentence &quot;for the cause&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although in some places people would understand &quot;tenis&quot; as Alfredo said. It is not really that used in many countries. I would say &quot;zapatillas&quot;, I think most people would understand that, at least in the countries I have been.&#xA;As I said I think it depends a lot of what country you come from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the picture you want to post, i would say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mis nuevas zapatillas para la maratón en España&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say too&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mis zapatatillas nuevas para correr el maratón en España&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer by Alfredo, is correct too. I think is a more formal way of saying what you want to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your original sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuevos zapatos para España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is good too, but just replace zapatos with &quot;tenis&quot; or &quot;zapatillas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastActivityDate="2013-04-14T00:18:45.797" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3558" CreationDate="2013-04-14T01:54:42.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the answer that Joze gave, but I think in the sentence you want to translate about the dog, is better to say &quot;te lo voy a compensar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No, I'm really really really sorry. I'll make it up to you. I'll take&#xA;  you for icecream.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nooo lo siento mucho, te juro que no quise perder tu cachorro me&#xA;  reivindicaré   vamos, te llevo a la tienda de mascotas y te compro&#xA;  otro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are meaning you want to compensate that person, for something you did or cause to them, the meaning is in what you feel (you are sorry), and what you want to make them feel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;quedar a mano&quot; in that context, would be wrong. Is like saying &quot;make it even&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that many people would be rather offended if you tell them that you lost their dog and you are going to get another so you are even. Can you really be even? There is emotial value to the lost dog that can never be replaced, you can never be even in such a situation, so it would not be correct to say &quot;quedar a mano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quedar a mano = make even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if it is a close friend, you could use that expression in a joking way, but not being serious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compesar = &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/resarcir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resarcir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compensar has the meaning of resarcir (doesn't apply only to injustice), it doesn't imply you can be even with that person, you are trying to be even, you are trying to make it better for the other person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you get in an accident they pay you, to compensate you, indemnify you, from your loses. But if you lost your leg, doesn't matter how much they pay, they are not even with you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-14T01:54:42.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3521" CreationDate="2013-04-14T21:11:48.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perú&lt;/a&gt; el idioma oficial es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;español&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;castellano&lt;/a&gt;, &#xA;con lo cual si sabes hablar este idioma ya sabes hablar el &quot;idioma peruano.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, en diferentes países de habla castellana vas a encontrar que la gente usa diferentes términos comúnmente, o se expresan ligeramente diferente. Incluso puedes llegar a encontrar que en varios países la misma palabra tiene diferente connotación o significado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todas estas diferencias, no son lo suficientemente grandes para considerarlas un idioma por derecho propio. Por lo que entiendo se le denomina dialecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos casos, sucede que estas variaciones en uso y significado, ni siquiera son válidas en el marco del idioma (oficialmente válidas). Suele pasar que el idioma se deforma en su uso, alguna regla difícil de recordar por lo que la gente la ignora (y tantas otras cosas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a tu pregunta, te puedo recomendar diferentes cosas, que van a depender de tu objetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres hablar como un nativo, vas a necesitar mucha práctica, y comunicarte con nativos. No bastará con leer páginas web y demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo que quieres es entender cómo habla la gente comúnmente, bueno por la forma en que escribiste ya vas bien encaminado. Te faltaría entender la jerga de la zona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También haz de tener en cuenta que sin importar el lugar o el idioma, diferentes grupos de personas hablan diferente. Por ejemplo si piensas en grupos de personas de diferentes edades, te darás cuenta que el uso del idioma puede variar enormemente. Creo que la gente más joven tiende a usar más vocablos tipo &quot;jerga&quot;, y la gente mayor tiende a usar el idioma de forma más formal (aunque no siempre es el caso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, puedes realizar búsquedas en Google para encontrar la jerga de la zona que te interesa, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://howtoperu.com/2010/11/13/peruvian-slang-words-and-phrases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Peruvian Slang&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Jerga_juvenil/Per%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jerga juvenil de Perú&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elbuscapersonas.com.pe/jergas/jergasperuanas6.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jerga Peruana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la pronunciación o tonada del lugar, podrías escuchar programas de radio, televisión o incluso webcasts de la zona que te interesa, de esa forma podrías llegar a obtener un mejor entendimiento de la forma en que pronuncian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas en un caso tan particular, en el que te interesa la forma en que las personas hablan el idioma en una forma específica, te recomendaría que encuentres gente de la zona con la que comunicarte. Quizás un buen punto de comienzo serían páginas de chat del Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que esto te sirva!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T02:08:45.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3552" CreationDate="2013-04-14T21:26:21.367" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu pregunta me dio mucha curiosidad. En Argentina nunca oí esa expresión, con lo cual me parecio mas interensate todavía.&#xA;Estuve buscando en internet y yo creo que este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8dbwCgBw38&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Video&lt;/a&gt; da la explicación mas convincente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el video el profesor Campusano comenta que es un gran fántico de Gardel y que conoce muchos de sus misterios. Por ende ha leído mucha bibliografía sobre su vida.&#xA;Menciona que si bien hay varias etimologías, la más recurrente en los libros se refiere a cuando Gardel no era tan famoso todavía y cantaba en un trio con guitarraba. Cuando él cantaba, la entrada a ver el número era mas costosa, de ahí se dice que cuando cantaba Gardel &quot;había más dinero&quot;. Campusano menciona que de ahí se paso a Chile, Cuando canta Gardel hay más dinero, es día de pago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces con frases como la que presentas es prácticamente imposible saber de donde vino, pues no es algo que se pueda identificar en específico de donde salio, dado que es algo que pasa y crece con el tiempo y el uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por lo que vi la persona en el video es un consultor en materias lingüísticas y su explicación parece bastante plausible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero te sirva!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastEditorUserId="1466" LastEditDate="2013-04-16T12:12:42.920" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T12:12:42.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-15T17:54:19.237" Score="5" ViewCount="1123" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tienes derecho a afearles que hayan incumplido todas sus promesas electorales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Identifico &quot;tienes&quot; como el núcleo del predicado (el verbo principal de la oración principal) y &quot;derecho&quot; como COD. Pero ya estoy atascado.. &quot;a afearles...&quot; ¿funcióna como complemento preposicional o COI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También no estoy seguro de donde comienza la oración subordinada, o si hay varias.&#xA;Al principio identifico &quot;que hayan incumplido todas sus promesas electorales&quot; como una oración subordinada sustantiva, pero ya no estoy seguro. ¿Y qué función desempeña?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier ayuda es muy apreciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1369" LastEditorUserId="1369" LastEditDate="2013-04-15T19:36:44.130" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T08:10:31.750" Title="En esta oración ¿cuáles son las funciones sintácticas?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3571" CreationDate="2013-04-15T20:37:59.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you post a picture:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis zapatos nuevos para España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will be OK and universal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T20:37:59.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3567" CreationDate="2013-04-15T21:05:11.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complicaciones con los tiempos aparte, yo pienso que el principal problema de &quot;&lt;code&gt;ahorita&lt;/code&gt;&quot; es que en diferentes paises &lt;strong&gt;se entiende de manera diferente&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que se intercambian las nociones de &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt; y de &lt;code&gt;ahorita&lt;/code&gt;. Si en Cuba (y me parece que en España y otros países) &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt; es ya, presente o futuro inmediato, &lt;code&gt;ahorita&lt;/code&gt; es un futuro (o pasado) ligeramente mas relajado: dentro de un ratico, o hace un ratico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero recuerdo haber creado pequeños problemas, cuando al decir &quot;&lt;code&gt;ahorita&lt;/code&gt; lo hago&quot;, me han mirado y preguntado: pero no lo ibas a hacer? A lo que he respondido: Si &lt;code&gt;ahorita&lt;/code&gt;. Con lo que he logrado desesperar a la persona, que ha entendido que estoy diciendo que lo estoy haciendo &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt;, en este mismo instante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo que no recuerdo el país del otro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="1228" LastEditDate="2013-04-15T21:12:39.867" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T21:12:39.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3521" CreationDate="2013-04-16T10:36:07.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perú tiene tres regiones:  costa, sierra, y selva.  Cada región tiene sus localismos, aunque algunos localismos se propagan por todo el país.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La amazonía peruana es de escasa población,a pesar de ocupar un área muy extensa.&#xA;La selva no fue conquistada por los incas, y por eso el quechua no se propagó allí como en la sierra.  Eso puede explicar la diferencia entre localismos selváticos y los de la sierra o la costa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:30:34.867" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:30:34.867" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3582" CreationDate="2013-04-16T13:10:12.907" Score="6" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Metro de Madrid, así como en otros lugares en España, aconsejan al usuario por megafonía que &quot;&lt;em&gt;Controle&lt;/em&gt; sus pertenencias en todo momento, por su seguridad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da la impresión de que &lt;em&gt;Controlar&lt;/em&gt;, en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;Vigilar&lt;/em&gt;, es una palabra más bien coloquial y que esta fuera de lugar en un contexto formal, como es el caso. Sin embargo, nunca he oido a nadie más expresar esta opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría alguien con cierto dominio aclarar si estoy en lo cierto o no? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1231" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T02:20:35.160" Title="'Controlar' en lenguaje formal" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3581" CreationDate="2013-04-17T02:20:35.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno cuando dices Controlar, no es solo Vigilar, porque vigilar es estar atento para que no pase nada. &#xA;El controlar sería verificar que tus pertenencias sigan siendo las mismas. Osea sabes que pertenencias tienes, y verificas que sigas teniendo las mismas &lt;strong&gt;sin cambios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vigilar sería ir mirando que nadie se acerque y te haga nada. Es una medida preventiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y controlar en este caso incluye Vigilar (medida preventiva), pero además es revisar que en un momento de distracción nada haya cambiado (que es una medida no para prevenir, pero de ser posible corregir, o hacer algo como denunciar el robo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo el control de inventario, es revisar que el inventario sea igual que lo que dicen los papeles (la lista de inventario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que esto te sirva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T02:20:35.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3577" CreationDate="2013-04-17T11:47:36.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la gramática más que olvidada, pero mirando un poco he encontrado el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_de_r%C3%A9gimen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;complemento de régimen verbal o suplemento&lt;/a&gt;. Creo que &quot;a afearles...&quot; entra en esa categoría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La preposición que lo introduce puede ser cualquiera, incluso &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. Se&#xA;  reconoce porque es conmutable o sustituible por dicha preposición más&#xA;  pronombre tónico:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuento &lt;em&gt;con Luisa&lt;/em&gt; = Cuento con ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me acuerdo &lt;em&gt;de Pedro&lt;/em&gt; = Me acuerdo de él.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El perro cuida &lt;em&gt;de la casa&lt;/em&gt; = El perro cuida de ella. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me acuerdo &lt;em&gt;de ese viaje&lt;/em&gt; = Me acuerdo de eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, podemos hacer:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tienes derecho a &lt;strong&gt;afearles [...]&lt;/strong&gt; = No tienes derecho a &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la oración subordinada, creo que tienes razón en que es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraci%C3%B3n_subordinada#Subordinaci.C3.B3n_sustantiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;oración subordinada sustantiva&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las proposiciones subordinadas sustantivas se dejan sustituir por un&#xA;  pronombre neutro: eso, esto etcétera, o por un infinitivo menos&#xA;  frecuentemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, en el caso que nos ocupa, podríamos sustituir &quot;que hayan incumplido [...]&quot; por &quot;eso&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] afearles &lt;strong&gt;que hayan incumplido [...]&lt;/strong&gt; = [...] afearles &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concretando un poco más, diría que es una oración subordinada sustantiva en función de objeto directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T11:47:36.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3586" CreationDate="2013-04-18T12:35:59.713" Score="8" ViewCount="60526" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde hace mucho tiempo he tenido esta duda, pero recientemente en esta pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3571/nuevos-zapatos-por-para-espana/3573#3573&quot;&gt;nuevos zapatos por/para Espa&amp;#241;a?&lt;/a&gt; me surgió nuevamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre creí que la palabra &quot;zapatilla&quot; era la más generalmente aceptada para decir calzado deportivo. Que fuera a donde fuera si dijera &quot;zapatillas&quot; la gente me iba a entender.&#xA;Pero como pueden ver en algunos comentarios del &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3571/nuevos-zapatos-por-para-espana/3573#3573&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt;, no es el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZTQHXFp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tenis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el DLE, pareciera encajar perfectamente con lo que pido (&lt;em&gt;3. m. pl. zapatillas de deporte&lt;/em&gt;), no es el caso. Porque no creo que las personas entiendan que uno se está refiriendo a &quot;calzado deportivo&quot; cuando dice &quot;tenis&quot; en la mayoría de los países (conozco varios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además quisiera una palabra oficial del idioma castellano, y no jerga, por ejemplo pareciera que en Uruguay le dicen &quot;champions&quot;, pero eso me suena que es la marca de calzado deportivo que se hizo famoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T06:35:34.457" LastActivityDate="2020-10-16T18:15:55.190" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra más generalmente aceptada para decir &quot;calzado deportivo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2013-04-18T12:50:56.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deportivas&lt;/em&gt; es probablemente la palabra más utilizada. Aunque supongo que dependerá de la demografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo he oido también &lt;em&gt;playeros&lt;/em&gt; en la misma forma que los típicos &lt;em&gt;tenis&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque no sé si eso es jerga o está admitido en todas las zonas hispanoparlantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente al calzado de futbol (y a veces otros deportes como baloncesto) lo llaman &lt;em&gt;botas&lt;/em&gt; (como en &quot;¡Las botas de futbol son muy caras!&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1443" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T12:50:56.030" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2013-04-18T13:00:44.853" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una pregunta difícil en mi opinión dado que varía bastante de país a país dependiendo de la cultura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en Estados Unidos he escuchado muchos hispanos decirle &quot;snickers&quot;, pero eso debe venir del inglés &lt;em&gt;Sneakers&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También depende del deporte, por ejemplo en el caso de Colombia, tenis es para casi todos los deportes excepto golf y fútbol donde se les llama &lt;em&gt;Guayos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, en mi opinión la palabra más adecuada para que se reconozca en la mayoría de países simplemente no existe. Para que todos te entiendan puedes decir simplemente &lt;strong&gt;zapatos deportivos&lt;/strong&gt;. Fin de la historia. Te aseguro que aunque en algunos países te mirarán raro, todos te entenderán y es la forma más correcta de &quot;alto español&quot; que puedes utilizar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no, puedes utilizar una de estas, pero teniendo en cuenta el país donde estás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;playeras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deportivos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;championes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;snickers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se dijo también, para que sea más claro se podría decir &lt;em&gt;zapatillas deportivas&lt;/em&gt;, dado que en varios países zapatillas no son exclusivamente para el deporte sino para otras actividades como el ballet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T06:37:30.477" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T06:37:30.477" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2013-04-18T20:30:43.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se ha utilizado siempre &quot;zapatillas de deporte&quot;, siendo la precisión importante, al menos en algún contexto, para diferenciarlos de las zapatillas para estar en casa. También se usaba  &quot;zapatillas deportivas&quot; que ha derivado en el simple adjetivo sustantivado de &quot;deportivas&quot;, forma abreviada, que aunque reconocida en el diccionario de la RAE, puede prestarse a alguna confusión (no deja de ser un adjetivo que se puede aplicar a otras cosas que no sean zapatillas) y parece más apropiada para un uso coloquial que para situaciones más formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, también se han usado en España muchos nombres comerciales como genéricos que se aplican a cualquier marca, pero yo huiría de esas expresiones como de la peste. Cambian muy deprisa en el tiempo y en el espacio. Hoy son la &quot;snikers&quot; por EEUU, las &quot;naic&quot; (Nike) por España, como ayer fueron las &quot;bambas&quot; (Wamba) o las &quot;gorila&quot; muchísimo antes (que siguen existiendo, pero sin la fama que tenían en los años 70) ¿Y mañana? Son palabras con fecha de caducidad que es mejor dejarlas en el congelador.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a las botas de fútbol, aunque es término no parece muy apropiado ya que no cubren la pierna, el uso es comprensible porque las zapatillas en general son calzados de comodidad, flexibles  (que es lo que necesitan la mayoría de los deportistas), y las botas es un calzado más duro, cuya función principal es la protección (que es lo que necesitan los futbolistas en particular) y ya de paso, romperle el menisco a la estrella del equipo rival con los enormes tacos de su suela, que no tienen otro tipo de zapatillas deportivas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T20:30:43.007" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2013-04-18T23:56:46.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE es correcto usar Tenis para referirse al calzado deportivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tenis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tenis.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ingl. lawn-tennis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Juego practicado por dos personas o dos parejas, que se lanzan alternativamente una pelota, utilizando raquetas, por encima de una&#xA;  red, con el propósito de que la otra parte no acierte a devolverla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Instalaciones de un club de tenis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m. pl. Calzado de tipo deportivo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T06:19:41.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3178" CreationDate="2013-04-19T00:21:56.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modular sí existe como te comentan, pero se usa como adjetivo cuando se hace referencia a componentes, si la usas como verbo se trata de regular la intensidad de algo por ejemplo una señal como las de radio AM = Amplitud Modulada ó FM = Frecuencia Modulada dónde para transmitir la información se tiene que modular la señal en amplitud o frecuencia, la acción de &lt;em&gt;descomponer algo en módulos ó segmentos es&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;segmentar&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T00:21:56.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-04-19T00:31:21.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo es a las 10 ó Mi vuelo sale a las 10 are correct if you are a passenger&#xA;Yo vuelo a las 10 is mostly used if you are a pilot (or superman) it implies that you can actually fly by yourself (with or without any device/vehicle), it is also correct but will sound strange if you are a passenger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T00:31:21.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3571" CreationDate="2013-04-19T01:01:53.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por&quot; means a cause or origin in your sentence and &quot;Para&quot; means an use or objective for something, since your shoes are &lt;strong&gt;for running = para correr&lt;/strong&gt;, then use: &lt;strong&gt;Mis nuevos zapatos para España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T01:01:53.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3592" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3593" CreationDate="2013-04-20T15:21:12.350" Score="4" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré unas preguntas cuando estuve haciendo los ejercicios sobre los valores de SE. ¿Podrían ayudarme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SE le trató muy bien. (Creí que es Verbo Pronominal por tratarse, pero la correcta es, ¿&quot;Marca de impersonal&quot;? ¿Por qué? Doesn´t it mean &quot;He treated him very well?&quot;)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este país no SE toma en serio la cultura. (Creí que es &quot;Marca de impersonal&quot;, pero la correcta es &quot;Marca de pasiva&quot;. Doesn´t it mean &quot;People don´t take culture in serious in this country?)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SE colocaron todos en fila. (Creí que es &quot;Marca de pasiva&quot;, pero la correcta es &quot;Verbo pronominal&quot;. Doesn´t it mean &quot;All is put in line&quot;?)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu amigo SE cree muy listo. (Creí que es &quot;Verbo pronominal&quot; por creerse, pero la correcta es &quot;Reflexivo Complemento Directo&quot;. Doesn´t it mean &quot;Your friend thinks himself being very clever&quot;.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por fin, SE durmió. (Creí que es &quot;Reflexivo Complemento Directo&quot; por dormirse, pero la correcta es &quot;Verbo pronominal&quot;. Doesn´t it mean &quot;Finally, he slept.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-25T19:58:26.630" LastActivityDate="2013-05-25T19:58:26.630" Title="Los valores de SE" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3592" CreationDate="2013-04-20T23:10:02.360" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1, &lt;strong&gt;SE le trató muy bien.&lt;/strong&gt; = They treated him very well&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Aqui, no es una persona especifica que le trata bien. Es 'la gente'. Algo desconocido.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&quot;¿Cómo estuvo su viaje?&quot; &quot;Se me trató muy bien.&quot; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&quot;Él se le trató bien&quot; does not exist!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Marca impersonal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2, &lt;strong&gt;En este país no SE toma en serio la cultura.&lt;/strong&gt; = In this country they do not take culture seriously&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Ahí no estoy muy segura:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Se puede decir: &quot;la cultura no está tomada en serio&quot;. Tomar en serio la cultura es lo importante, no el sujeto&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Marca pasiva&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Aúnque no veo porque no puede ser marca impersonal&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Marca impersonal??&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3, &lt;strong&gt;SE colocaron todos en fila.&lt;/strong&gt; = They get in line/ They put themselves in line&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;En esta situación ya se sabe de quien están hablando, p.ej. de los alumnos... sólo que no se repite el sujeto.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Son estos mismos alumnos que se colocan, asi que no es pasivo.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Viene de colocarse, lo que no se hace realmente a sí mismo es un movimiento.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Ahí no se puede formar una oración pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4, &lt;strong&gt;Tu amigo SE cree muy listo.&lt;/strong&gt; = Your friend thinks himself to be very clever&lt;br/&gt; &#xA;Se cree a sí mismo (himself), sí mismo es siempre reflexivo.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who he thinks is very clever, himself. so the himself must be direct object.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Reflexivo y Complemento Directo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5, &lt;strong&gt;Por fin, SE durmió.&lt;/strong&gt; Finally, he/she fell asleep.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Igual a frase 3, estan por ejemplo hablando del niño, y por fin, 'el niño se durmió'. Sin repetir sujeto por supuesto.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Viene de dormirse (entrar a dormir), dormir significa otra cosa, es ya estar durmiendo.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;--&gt; Verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;No se duerme a sí mismo, asique no puede ser reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="1363" LastEditDate="2013-04-21T09:07:25.553" LastActivityDate="2013-04-21T09:07:25.553" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-23T13:27:30.773" Score="3" ViewCount="32290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just begun learning Spanish, our professor was explaining about 'me' and 'te'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am totally confused about when you use 'me', 'te', 'os' and 'vos'. Is there some rule? Where do you use them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg: &quot;¿Cómo te llamas?&quot;, why can't &quot;¿Cómo tú llamas?&quot; be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1484" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-18T17:09:34.743" LastActivityDate="2019-05-18T17:09:34.743" Title="When are 'me', 'te', 'os' and 'vos' used?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3600" CreationDate="2013-04-23T16:34:34.883" Score="5" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre las oraciones siguientes?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me lo puedo probar?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Lo puedo probar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-04-23T21:40:01.290" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T21:51:27.013" Title="&quot;¿Me lo puedo probar?&quot; vs &quot;¿Lo puedo probar?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3597" CreationDate="2013-04-23T17:22:04.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, en la primera oración el &lt;code&gt;Me&lt;/code&gt; implica un sentido de pertenencia que indica que lo que se va a probar va a ser en uno mismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, podría referirse a un:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abrigo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sombrero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zapato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disfraz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cinturón, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que la segunda oración es menos directa, e implica que lo que se va a probar no va a ser directamente en uno mismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, podría referirse a un:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automóvil o algún otro vehículo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Taco o algún otro artículo comestible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smartphone, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-04-23T21:37:52.903" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T21:37:52.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2013-04-23T19:09:33.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose you were learning about 'verbos pronominales'&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, those verb end in se, eg. laver&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, llamar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, ir&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; etc. E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I wash myself = (Yo) me lavo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The verb is lavarse&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who/what is washing? I wash: yo lavo&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who/what am I washing? Myself/me: me&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You help me = (Tu) me ayudas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The verb is ayudarse&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who/what is helping? You help: tu ayudas&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who/what are you helping? Me: me&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I fall = (Yo) me caigo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The verb in this case is caerse, not caer. In English the verb is 'to fall', in Spanish it would be 'to fall myself'. Sounds strange, and don't border to much, you'll get used to it very soon.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who is falling? I fall: Yo caigo&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who am I falling? Myself: me... this sounds strange, but for sure I don't fall someone else ;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You are called Stanford = (Tu) te llamas Stanford&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The verb is &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt;, not llamar. Here literal translation to English becomes even more difficult. It would be something like 'to call/name yourself'.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The verb '&lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;' means to phone someone or to ask someone to come closer (which you can also translate by call, but it has another meaning). Saying &quot;¿Cómo tu llamas?&quot; could mean something like &quot;How do you make phone-calls?&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Who is calling: You call: Tú llamas&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;You are calling yourself: te&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule I recommend you is to check if the verb ends with -se. Then you know you have to use an extra personal pronoun (me, te, ...). &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;For sure, when English version contains something like: me, you (not as subject), us, myself, yourself... it is also translated by one of those little words (I made a small list your professor probably gave you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronoun as a subject (sujeto)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;yo: I&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;tú: you&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nosostros:  we&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;vosotros:   you &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The equivalent (in)direct objects or objetos (in)directos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;me: me  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;te: you&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nos:    us&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;os: you&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-18T17:07:41.647" LastActivityDate="2019-05-18T17:07:41.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3597" CreationDate="2013-04-23T21:51:27.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Formas equivalentes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Me lo puedo probar? = ¿Puedo probármelo?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Lo puedo probar? = ¿Puedo probarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (en cualquier forma) implica que el verbo &quot;probar&quot; está usado como &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Verbos%20pronominales%20comentados.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;probar&quot; -&gt; &quot;probarse&quot;). La forma pronominal suele tener un sentido similar a la forma común (a veces no tanto), pero con un énfasis adicional referido a la persona/objeto nombrada. En este caso, &quot;probar&quot; es un simple verbo transitivo que sólo requiere un objeto directo, mientras que &quot;probarse&quot;, además de eso, implica un objeto indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Yo] quiero probar esta comida.&lt;/code&gt;  (comida=objeto directo ; &quot;yo&quot; soy el sujeto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Yo] quiero probarme esta camisa.&lt;/code&gt;  (camisa=objeto directo ; &quot;yo&quot; soy el sujeto y también -a través del 'me'- el objecto indirecto: &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; quiero probar la camisa en &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; persona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T21:51:27.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2013-04-24T16:32:43.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Direct Answer to Your Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns. In the case of ¿Como te llamas?, you are using what is alternatively called a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/strong&gt; or a &lt;strong&gt;reflexive verb&lt;/strong&gt; and these require &lt;strong&gt;reflexive pronouns&lt;/strong&gt; such as &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;. At an elementary level you will use these verbs in two main contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actions where the person doing the action also receives the action: &quot;I wash myself&quot; is &lt;em&gt;(yo) me lavo&lt;/em&gt;. We may not always say it exactly like this in English, but it still makes intuitive sense. Many morning routing activities (because you do them to yourself) fall in this category: &quot;I brush my teeth&quot; is &lt;em&gt;(yo) me cepillo los dientes&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;I shave myself&quot; is &lt;em&gt;(yo) me afeito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Phrases like &lt;em&gt;¿Como te llamas?&lt;/em&gt; which don't make much sense right now. I honestly wouldn't worry too much about the grammar here, but rather focus on the pattern and respond &lt;em&gt;Me llamo Stanford&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We often focus too much on the mechanics of grammar. It's valuable to know when to focus on the grammar and when to use your intuition and forget about grammar. For now, I'd recommend focusing on the grammar for #1 above and not so much for #2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pronouns at an Elementary Level&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, and ustedes are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/PRONOUN1.HTM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;personal pronouns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; used in the subject of a sentence. In an elementary Spanish class, you will see these the most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, the pronoun is an object instead of a subject. &quot;Will you help me?&quot; can be asked in Spanish &quot;¿(Tu) me ayudas?&quot; In this case, the person asking the question is the object because he receives the action (help). Me is a &lt;strong&gt;direct object pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; along with &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/PRONOUN1.HTM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the best summary of Spanish pronouns&lt;/a&gt; is available from an old course at Indiana University - Purdue University Ft. Wayne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="159" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T16:32:43.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3606" CreationDate="2013-04-24T21:38:32.187" Score="2" ViewCount="2192" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that dejar means &quot;to let&quot; and permitir means &quot;to permit.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either of them can carry the meaning of &quot;to allow,&quot; which is to say that they can be used interchangeably as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;em&gt;deje&lt;/em&gt; que los ninos jueguen.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No &lt;em&gt;permita&lt;/em&gt; que los ninos jueguen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; and the subjunctive &lt;em&gt;jueguen&lt;/em&gt; are used to say, &quot;Don't let the children play.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there constructions in which dejar and permitir are used DIFFERENTLY, and cannot be interchanged?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="2757" LastEditDate="2014-04-04T16:55:11.983" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T16:55:11.983" Title="Differences in usage between &quot;dejar&quot; and &quot;permitir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3602" CreationDate="2013-04-24T22:42:09.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;yes, for instance, dejar de fumar. This is a totally different meaning, as you probably know already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it means &quot;to quit&quot;, not &quot;to allow&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T22:42:09.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3619" CreationDate="2013-04-24T22:45:19.707" Score="3" ViewCount="426" Body="&lt;p&gt;Still with software science translations.. Now I'm coming to you with this expression that have always bothered me: &quot;on the fly&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How the hood would you translate that &lt;em&gt;elegantly&lt;/em&gt; to spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It feels like &quot;sobre la marcha&quot; is way overkill, at least from a structure point of view. Also &quot;al toque&quot;, sounds maybe too coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: so the english sentence could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The value is returned from a new function executed on the fly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="831" LastEditDate="2013-04-26T21:39:20.200" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T21:39:20.200" Title="On the fly / sobre la marcha" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3604" CreationDate="2013-04-25T05:25:26.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would generally use &lt;em&gt;sobre la marcha&lt;/em&gt; and I don't see it as overkill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this phrase have to do with Scientific translations?  Maybe a few examples would help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T05:25:26.457" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3602" CreationDate="2013-04-25T09:00:40.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/dejar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dejar has lots of meanings&lt;/a&gt;: let, abandon, quit, lend, allow, release... As you can see in the definition, the third meaning is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tr. Consentir, permitir, no impedir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it means, literary &quot;permitir&quot;, in its sense of &quot;to not prevent&quot; or &quot;to allow&quot;. In this case, they're synonyms, and as such, fully interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, with other meanings, they are not interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All that said, I should add that, at least in Spain, &quot;permitir&quot; sounds more formal, and so &quot;dejar&quot; is more used in the everyday language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T09:00:40.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3604" CreationDate="2013-04-25T13:53:18.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al toque&quot; sounds to me like Latin America spanish... in Spain, al least in Madrid, we don't use that expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;On the fly&quot; can be translated in several forms, but &quot;sobre la marcha&quot; I think is the most accurate. Other forms can be &quot;al momento&quot;, &quot;instantáneo&quot; or &quot;conforme se vea&quot;. Depends from context, but I think &quot;sobre la marcha&quot; is the most elegant, formal and easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We will fix the errors on the fly. - Iremos corrigiendo los errores&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;sobre la marcha&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;conforme los veamos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The system enables 'on-the-fly' processing of queries. - El sistema&#xA;  permite el procesamiento &lt;em&gt;instantáneo&lt;/em&gt; de consultas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T13:53:18.653" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3604" CreationDate="2013-04-25T14:33:16.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Latin America and &quot;al toque&quot; doesn't mean exactly &quot;on the fly&quot;, the correct translation would be &quot;sobre la marcha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al toque&quot; it's more like a &quot;immediately after&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1493" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T14:33:16.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3610" CreationDate="2013-04-25T17:00:40.873" Score="7" ViewCount="10991" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero decir: &quot;Voy a la casa de mi abuela&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En Argentina siempre he escuchado: &quot;Voy a lo de mi abuela&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En Chile, parece que utilizan: &quot;Voy donde mi abuela&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué suelen decir en otros paises? ¿Usan una expresión diferente? ¿O siempre tienen que decir &quot;a la casa de&quot; o &quot;donde vive&quot;? ¿Puedo usar las dos formas en un texto un poco más formal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T23:14:20.857" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:31:43.717" Title="¿En qué zonas se usa &quot;A lo de mi abuela&quot; o &quot;Donde mi abuela&quot; para referirse a &quot;Voy a la casa de mi abuela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3609" CreationDate="2013-04-25T18:50:40.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se utiliza decir coloquialmente: &quot;Voy a casa de mi abuela&quot;, removiendo el artículo, o incluso simplemente &quot;Voy con mi abuela&quot;, infiriendo que la persona va a su casa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el uso que se busca es mucho más formal, se puede intercambiar el verbo: Me dirijo a la casa de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T18:50:40.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3602" CreationDate="2013-04-25T19:18:39.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First about the example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence has an euphony problem, a more correct way to write it would be: No &lt;em&gt;deje&lt;/em&gt; que sus niños jueguen.&#xA;The second one: No &lt;em&gt;permita&lt;/em&gt; que sus niños jueguen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the question:&#xA;The verb &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt; also means to let as you posted, but with the other sense of let, when you bring something and you are letting it there, which is not the case for permit, for example for the sentence &quot;let the book in the table&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CORRECT: Deja el libro en la mesa.&#xA;INCORRECT: Permita el libro en la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that meaning you cannot interchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T19:18:39.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3614" CreationDate="2013-04-25T22:17:59.560" Score="2" ViewCount="9192" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oido esta expresión en México. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jorge anda muy sacalepuntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es su signficado? ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T22:23:00.563" LastActivityDate="2018-08-19T03:19:10.807" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;sacalepuntas&quot; en México?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2013-04-25T22:44:28.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all let me tell you that asking isn't dumb, none of us born knowing it all, so don't worry about asking, in fact it's better than staying in doubt!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll work with your example so you get the point easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't say: &quot;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; llamas?&quot; because it's literally as if you said: &quot;What is &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; name?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead your teacher told you that the correct way is: &quot;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; llamas?&quot;, as when you say: &quot;What is &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; name?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases there is a tacit subject, when in Spanish you omit the pronoun, example:&#xA;Me gusta ir al cine, which means: I like to go to the movies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun isn't written, but you could: &quot;(A mi) Me gusta ir al cine.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for the 'os' and 'vos', those are forms particularly used in Spain and South America, in some countries like México they are &quot;deprecated&quot; or different, like US-English: Organization and UK-English: Organisation. You will find for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; Don't worry about that.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spain:&lt;/strong&gt; No os preocupéis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;México:&lt;/strong&gt; No se preocupe. No te preocupes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the three forms mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final note for the above example: &lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; is formal like &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; is informal like &lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-18T17:04:52.563" LastActivityDate="2019-05-18T17:04:52.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3612" CreationDate="2013-04-25T22:55:19.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sácalepuntas es un coloquialismo utilizado en dos formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando te refieres a que una persona anda un poco malhumorado, generalmente cualquier cosa le molesta, está irritado, y eso crea que lo que responda sea un poco rudo, por ejemplo:&#xA;Mi jefe llegó el día de hoy muy sácalepuntas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Caso contrario es cuando lo utilizan para nombrar a alguien que está feliz y posiblemente &quot;presumiendo&quot; un objeto material que acaba de adquirir, por ejemplo:&#xA;Mi compañero de trabajo anda muy sácalepunta con su auto nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para distinguir es necesario el contexto de donde se usa la palabra, pero básicamente son esos dos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo para complementar, el por qué para ambos casos tiene que ver con afilar la punta de un lápiz:&#xA;Para el 1, el que está de malas, el lápiz queda muy filoso, puntiagudo, por lo que pudiera &quot;picar&quot; o lastimar a alguien, que es lo que está haciendo la persona.&#xA;En el caso 2, si está presumiendo, es porque está estrenando algo, lo cual hace referencia a limpio y nuevo, tal como un lápiz recién afilado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastEditorUserId="1495" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T23:36:29.023" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T23:36:29.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2013-04-25T23:18:00.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just for clarifying, &lt;em&gt;adicto&lt;/em&gt; it's a formal way for medical and psycology usage, and that would be a News-addict&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not the case, Junkie it's like an slang, so if you want something more informal you could use: &lt;em&gt;Traumado por las noticias&lt;/em&gt;, at least in México, maybe in other countries the word &lt;em&gt;Traumado&lt;/em&gt; could be replaced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T23:18:00.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3609" CreationDate="2013-04-26T06:30:47.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España normalmente se usaría &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a casa de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como menciona Gabriel G. Ésta sería la forma más formal, en mi opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se está comentando a miembros de la familia o muy allegados se puede usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a casa de abuela &amp;lt;&amp;lt; (se usa &quot;abuela&quot; como si fuera un nombre propio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunas partes del sur de España (Andalucía) se suele usar una expresión apocopada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &quot;anca&quot; mi abuela. &amp;lt;&amp;lt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;Anca&lt;/em&gt;&quot; = &quot;&lt;em&gt;a casa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (se omite la preposición &quot;de&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T06:30:47.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3618" CreationDate="2013-04-26T08:43:41.770" Score="2" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;What’s the best Spanish translation for “Visit Google Maps for &lt;em&gt;[address]&lt;/em&gt;” or “Look up &lt;em&gt;[address]&lt;/em&gt; on Google Maps”? (Of course, &lt;em&gt;[address]&lt;/em&gt; is supposed to be replaced by any street address.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it helps, in French I’ve been told to use “Voyez &lt;em&gt;[address]&lt;/em&gt; sur Google Maps”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Google Translate, this would work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ver [address] en Google Maps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct or does it sound weird to a native Spanish speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="642" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T15:47:35.583" Title="Best Spanish translation for “Visit Google Maps for [address]”" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3617" CreationDate="2013-04-26T09:20:39.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ver [address] en Google Maps&quot; &gt; Sounds to me like &quot;Me: Tarzán, you Cheeta&quot; speak. Like an automatic translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Visita Google Maps para ver la [adress].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Mira&lt;/strike&gt; Busca la [adress] en Google Maps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why the use of definite article &quot;la&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Because &quot;street&quot; is feminine singular in spanish. Depends type of street (avenue, road, square) or place (town, village, gardens, etc.) we use one or another. Here's some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Street &gt; La calle &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avenue &gt; La avenida &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Road &gt; La carretera &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Square / Plaza &gt; La plaza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boulevard &gt; El Bulevar &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alley &gt; El callejón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gardens &gt; Los jardines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Thanks to DeStrangis for suggest &quot;Buscar&quot; instead of &quot;Ver&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2013-04-26T10:59:59.343" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T10:59:59.343" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3604" CreationDate="2013-04-26T10:24:24.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, I don’t like very much &lt;code&gt;sobre la marcha&lt;/code&gt;. I mean, not always, and in “&lt;em&gt;software science translations&lt;/em&gt;” almost never. I don’t feel it translate the whole idea exactly, with sometimes is: immediately and automatically, without user’s or external elements intervention. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many other possibilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My favorite is the simple direct translation: “&lt;code&gt;al vuelo&lt;/code&gt;”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s see what the RAE said about “vuelo”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;al ~, o a ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. Con prontitud.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cazarlas alguien al ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Entender o notar con prontitud las cosas que no se dicen claramente o que se hacen ocultamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;coger al ~ algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Lograrlo de paso o casualmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cogerlas alguien al ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. cazarlas al vuelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alzar el ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Echar a volar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Marcharse de repente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like this more than “&lt;code&gt;sobre la marcha&lt;/code&gt;”, with the bonus that many people will automatically translate it to &lt;code&gt;on the fly&lt;/code&gt; with the exact original meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the other possibilities are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“sobre la marcha” (of course),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inmediátamente,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;automáticamente, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dinámicamente (this is probably my second favorite). &lt;em&gt;The windows layout change on the fly.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;El diseno de la pantalla cambia dinámicamente.&lt;/strong&gt; (a sort of this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;simultáneamente  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s see some concrete examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/15744634/1458030&quot;&gt;I have a class which calculates it's property on-the-fly, for example:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una clase que calcula sus propiedades al vuelo. (dinámicamente, en tiempo real)(I’m not sure how to correctly translate &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;properties&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/12654826/1458030&quot;&gt;An example enlightens the kerning-on-the-fly functionality:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo aclara esta funcionalidad de posicionamiento al vuelo. (dinámico, instantaneo, sobre la marcha)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/16215990/1458030&quot;&gt;Encryption on the fly.&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;Cifrado al vuelo. Cifrado simultaneo, en tiempo real, dinámico, automático…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the fly translation. &#xA;Traduccion simultanuea. (al vuelo, instantanea, sobre la marcha)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish?query=on%20the%20fly&amp;amp;source=english&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;More examples are here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1228" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:35:00.820" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T10:38:39.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3622" CreationDate="2013-04-26T21:13:46.623" Score="1" ViewCount="20579" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la expresión  &quot;echar toda la carne al asador&quot;? Esta frase la he escuchado en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T12:28:01.637" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión &quot;echar toda la carne al asador&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3620" CreationDate="2013-04-26T22:16:28.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente es utilizada en México, se usa cuando una persona va a poner un esfuerzo mayor o bien posiblemente conlleve arriesgar algo con tal de lograr un objetivo, dando hasta lo último que pueda dar con tal de alcanzarlo. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a echarle toda la carne al asador con tal de que la muchacha me diga que sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, sería que sin importar mucho los impedimentos que pudieran existir, la persona hará su máximo esfuerzo para que le digan que sí, en el caso del ejemplo, posiblemente incluiría algo como llevar a cenar a la muchacha, comprarle un obsequio o en casos graves o extremos contratar un &quot;Mariachi&quot; o algo por el estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es intercambiable por &quot;Echarle los kilos&quot;. Y en ocasiones con un significado económico se intercambia por &quot;Echar la casa por la ventana&quot;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está echando la casa por la ventana con tal de que prospere su negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso pudiera intercambiarse por: Está echando toda la carne al asador... Sin embargo en este sentido es generalmente usado para hablar de una inversión económica con tal de lograr el objetivo, mientras que &quot;la carne al asador&quot; puede referirse a arriesgar o esforzarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T22:16:28.843" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1325" CreationDate="2013-04-26T23:22:45.207" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fighting Cocks are calmed by their handlers by placing the rooster's head in the mouth.  Darkness causes birds to immediately begin the sleep cycle.  It was explained to me (by a great Restaurant ower in Acuna, Mex.)that often as soon as the handler put the bird's head in his mouth he would often be pecked on the tongue.  The spices in the salsa gives the same feeling, hence &quot;pico de gallo&quot; is the beak of a fighting rooster biting your tongue!  Much better explanation..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1499" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T20:11:24.430" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T20:11:24.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-27T02:25:55.097" Score="5" ViewCount="3712" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that al is a combination of &lt;em&gt;a + el&lt;/em&gt; when used before a noun, however in what situations would you use it in front of a verb, for instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'Al llegar al tercer semaforo...'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1501" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T08:45:37.370" LastActivityDate="2013-05-17T03:24:59.490" Title="Why do you use &quot;al&quot; before a verb?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-04-27T04:07:14.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al&quot; is mostly used when you are going to use &quot;when&quot; (and some other times &quot;upon&quot;), and it should be used before a verb.&#xA;The verb &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be on the infinitive form (this means that it's not a personal form of the verb, and ends with &quot;-ar&quot;, &quot;-er&quot; or &quot;-ir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1502" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-04-27T18:32:00.713" LastActivityDate="2013-04-27T18:32:00.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-27T19:50:21.110" Score="2" ViewCount="1546" Body="&lt;p&gt;So after reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3592/los-valores-de-se/3593?noredirect=1#comment5937_3593&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; I came up with a really bad doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I was using quite often &quot;(no) se hace falta&quot; to say for instance, that &quot;it is (not) necessary to&quot;, but I've by then been corrected, to make me understand the correct form was &quot;(no) hace falta&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However now I'm confused. The passive form should allow the construction with &quot;se&quot; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please tell me why &quot;se hace falta&quot; is incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T10:41:18.070" Title="me/te/nos hace falta / passive form" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3627" CreationDate="2013-04-27T22:03:53.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que puede ser pasivo&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;En un pasivo será p.ej. &quot;se prepara la fiesta&quot; o &quot;la fiesta fue preparada&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Aqui será: &quot;se hace falta aqua&quot;, pero no es que &quot;agua fue hecho falta&quot; lo que es falso, debe ser, &quot;agua (directamente) hace falta&quot;. &lt;br/&gt;Breve, lo que hace falta es agua, y es el sujeto mismo de &quot;hacer falta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando nos hace falta p.ej. comprar comida, sera: &quot;hace falta comprar comida&quot; o &quot;nos hace falta comprar comida&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se hace falta&quot; suena mas para un caso cuando algo le hace falta 'a la gente', 'a la comunidad' o algo del estilo. Aunque ahí no estoy muy segura que es correcto &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Pienso en p.ej. &quot;se hacen falta donadores de sangre&quot;. Sería un &quot;se&quot; impersonal, pero usado como un objeto indirecto. Lo que no creo que existe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Es complicadito el &quot;hace falta&quot;... pero lo importante ahí es considerar que el &lt;em&gt;sujeto viene siempre después de la expresión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Capaz que la confusión surge en la equivalencia con &quot;se necesita&quot; (donde el sujeto sí viene adelante):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se necesita comida (&quot;se&quot; es sujeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hace falta comida (&quot;la comida&quot; es sujeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="1363" LastEditDate="2013-04-27T22:09:39.663" LastActivityDate="2013-04-27T22:09:39.663" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3629" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3632" CreationDate="2013-04-28T14:47:43.123" Score="7" ViewCount="835" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to speak the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The son of the sun is me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish? I thought about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hijo del sol &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at first, but Google Translation translates the sentence into &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hijo del sol &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the subject of this sentence is &quot;El hijo del sol&quot;, therefore &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; should be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is correct, and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1396" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:46:50.107" Title="&quot;El hijo del sol es yo&quot; or &quot;El hijo del sol soy yo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3629" CreationDate="2013-04-28T16:59:04.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El hijo del Sol soy yo... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Él) es&lt;/code&gt; =&lt;code&gt;he's&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;(Yo) soy&lt;/code&gt; = &lt;code&gt;I'm&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1508" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T14:46:50.107" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:46:50.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-04-28T17:01:12.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al llegar&quot; is the same as &quot;cuando llegues&quot;, which means &quot;when you reach&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1508" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T08:43:54.470" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T08:43:54.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3629" CreationDate="2013-04-28T17:04:03.073" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation is the one of Google Translate: El hijo del Sol soy yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, the problem here is the subject and direct complement, they are inverted, the subject is &quot;yo&quot; and the complement is &quot;el hijo del Sol&quot;, as you can see in: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Componentes_funcionales_de_las_oraciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Componentes funcionales de las oraciones&lt;/a&gt;, there are times when the complement is switched to the beginning of the sentence, for this case you could also say: Yo soy el hijo del Sol, or making a swap with &quot;lo&quot;: Yo lo soy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just for a last word, the word Sol is considered as a proper name when you are talking of the Sun like a star and not about the sunlight: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;As seen here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Convenci%C3%B3n_para_nombrar_nombres_propios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. So it has to be written with capital letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Greetings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-04-28T17:04:03.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3617" CreationDate="2013-04-28T20:16:11.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I am a native speaker and &lt;code&gt;Ver [address] en Google Maps&lt;/code&gt; doesn’t sound weird to me. Even though some native speakers may be really strict on this, they would understand the meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastEditorUserId="642" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T08:24:38.883" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T08:24:38.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-04-29T08:29:46.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, esta locución en un sustituto de la forma &amp;quot;cuando&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;en cuanto&amp;quot;, que, de forma popular, se sustituyen en España por &amp;quot;a la [ocasión de] que + verbo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;a lo que + verbo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando&lt;/em&gt; él llegó al tercer semáforo. = &lt;em&gt;A la que&lt;/em&gt; él llegó al tercer semáforo. = &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; llegar él al tercer semáforo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cuanto&lt;/em&gt; miré me di cuenta. = &lt;em&gt;A la que&lt;/em&gt; miré me di cuenta. = &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mirar me di cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe usarse siempre con infinitivo, o bien con un verbo pronominal si la frase lo lleva, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando&lt;/em&gt; me lo dijo me fui. &amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;A la que&lt;/em&gt; me lo dijo me fui. = &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; decírmelo me fui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustó &lt;em&gt;en cuanto&lt;/em&gt; me vi con él. = Me gustó &lt;em&gt;a la que&lt;/em&gt; me vi con él. = Me gustó &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; verme con él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cuanto&lt;/em&gt; lo miré me di cuenta. = &lt;em&gt;A la que&lt;/em&gt; lo miré me di cuenta. = &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mirarlo me dí cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uso de &amp;quot;al&amp;quot; en este contexto explicado en la RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg#7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg#7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T10:12:24.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3629" CreationDate="2013-04-29T15:37:28.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;el hijo del sol soy yo&quot;, but it's better: &quot;Soy el hijo del sol&quot;.&#xA;Why? Because &quot;es&quot; means &quot;is&quot; and &quot;soy&quot; means &quot;I'm&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1504" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T20:10:52.910" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T20:10:52.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3617" CreationDate="2013-04-29T15:47:35.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best spanish translation is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busca en Google Maps la [address].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1504" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T15:47:35.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3627" CreationDate="2013-04-29T18:50:23.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say &amp;quot;(no) hace falta&amp;quot; you are not using a passive form actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; you are talking about is an impersonal pronoun.&#xA;Please , have a look on this to see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;ved=0CDIQFjAA&amp;amp;url=http://www.uvm.edu/%7Eivaleria/SEimpersonal.ppt&amp;amp;ei=f-qAUcCiOsXesgb_t4DwCg&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNF0BrerlpgGkB-BUCTUqHOqu7wKTQ&amp;amp;sig2=Q0xmp7i37IUe5zsGvM87iw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the usage of &amp;quot;el se impersonal&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Se necesita tiempo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No se necesitan mas de dos carros&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Se planea construir un edificio&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another usage of &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; along with a verb. In this case &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is a personal pronoun than becomes &amp;quot;me&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;te&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;nos&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;os&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;) when the associated verb is conjugated. (Either in reflexive or reciprocal forms). E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ella se lava&amp;quot;. (Verb: &amp;quot;lavarse&amp;quot; used as reflexive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Nosotros nos necesitamos&amp;quot;. (Verb: &amp;quot;necesitarse&amp;quot; conjugated using the 1st person in plural, as reciprocal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Se faltaron el respeto&amp;quot;. (Verb: &amp;quot;faltarse&amp;quot; conjugated using 3rd person in plural, as reciprocal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &amp;quot;faltar&amp;quot;, it is a verb used as impersonal in &amp;quot;hace falta&amp;quot; but simply it does not require &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this may help. Adiosss!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T10:41:18.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3629" CreationDate="2013-04-30T15:52:37.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question shows up in the right moment for me, when I was just looking for a good opportunity to explain this topic in this community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The right sentence is &lt;em&gt;&quot;El hijo del Sol &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; yo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. The reason why this causes a lot of confusion in non-Spanish speakers resides on the fact that Spanish language has two different verbs (Ser/Estar) for what all other main European languages (such as English, French, German or Italian, just to mention some of them) have only one verb (&lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt; in English, &lt;strong&gt;être&lt;/strong&gt; in French, &lt;strong&gt;sein&lt;/strong&gt; in German and &lt;strong&gt;essere&lt;/strong&gt; in Italian).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, there is a distinction on when and how to use each of these two verbs even though it may translate into the same verb in your native language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all you have to understand the verb itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt;: Is used to express an intrinsic or acquired characteristic of yourself or the subject of your speech. It is something that is long lasting and that cannot change very easily or at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo soy Mexicano&lt;/em&gt; - I'm Mexican&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo soy moreno&lt;/em&gt; - I'm a brunet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luke, yo soy tu padre...&lt;/em&gt; - Luke, I am your father&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo soy ingeniero&lt;/em&gt; - I'm an Engineer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt;: Is used to express a state or temporary characteristic. The duration of this temporary characteristic can be tricky to explain but usually is of some few minutes, hours, days, weeks or months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy enfermo&lt;/em&gt; - I'm sick/ill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy estudiando Español&lt;/em&gt; - I'm studying Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy cansado&lt;/em&gt; - I'm tired&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy comiendo una manzana&lt;/em&gt; - I'm eating an apple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also used to express when you are at a specific location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy en Canadá&lt;/em&gt; - I'm in Canada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy en el hospital&lt;/em&gt; - I'm at the hospital&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy en mi casa&lt;/em&gt; - I'm at home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estoy en el carro&lt;/em&gt; - I'm in the car&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once that you understand this, you can avoid awkward moments when you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo soy (un) enfermo&lt;/em&gt; - I'm insane&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while you wanted to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;estoy&lt;/strong&gt; enfermo&lt;/em&gt; - I'm sick/ill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as an additional comment, depending on the context, style and actually what you are writing or saying, to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;El hijo del Sol soy yo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo soy el hijo del Sol&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, are equally correct but then, once again, it all depends on what message you are trying to convey. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo soy el hijo del Sol&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a statement, while &lt;em&gt;&quot;el hijo del Sol soy yo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; emphasizes the same statement giving it a more dramatical twist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1459" LastEditorUserId="1459" LastEditDate="2013-05-01T12:24:55.347" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T12:24:55.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3641" CreationDate="2013-04-30T16:39:49.317" Score="8" ViewCount="327910" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de la abreviatura &lt;strong&gt;&quot;VoBo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿en qué casos se puede utilizar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T13:30:19.680" Title="¿Qué significa la abreviatura &quot;VoBo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3640" CreationDate="2013-04-30T18:12:27.150" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa abreviatura quiere decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;visto bueno&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo general se escribe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;V.º B.º&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa para marcar algo como ya aprobado, o para dejar el espacio para que quien revise un texto, lo firme marcándolo como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T08:55:01.803" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T08:55:01.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3642" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3645" CreationDate="2013-04-30T20:34:24.117" Score="14" ViewCount="302236" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de escribir la siguiente palabra: &lt;em&gt;membresía&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;membrecía&lt;/em&gt;, según las normas de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=membrec%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas de la RAE (2005)&lt;/a&gt;, la forma correcta de escribir la palabra (en ese entonces) era &quot;membrecía&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;membrecía&lt;/strong&gt;. En muchos países americanos, ‘condición de miembro’ y ‘conjunto de miembros’: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Cumplir con los criterios para obtener la membrecía en la unión monetaria económica de Europa»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Excélsior&lt;/em&gt; [Méx.] 2.1.97); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«El éxito con que culminó la huelga [...] favoreció el aumento de la membrecía de esa federación»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Gordon Crisis&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1989]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque, debido al &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=IIUwJDU07D6XC2xEky&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, está muy extendida en el uso la forma &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yz4nk.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yz4nk.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;membresía&lt;/em&gt;, la grafía correcta es &lt;em&gt;membrecía&lt;/em&gt;, ya que el sufijo español para formar este tipo de derivados es &lt;em&gt;-cía&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;abogado, abogacía;&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;clero, clerecía&lt;/em&gt;); la terminación &lt;em&gt;-sía&lt;/em&gt; es propia de los sustantivos derivados de nombres o adjetivos que terminan en &lt;em&gt;-s: burguesía&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;burgués&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;feligresía&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;feligrés&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T10:29:31.480" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T14:38:35.513" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra correcta, &quot;membresía&quot; o &quot;membrecía&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2013-05-01T00:01:51.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Uruguay se dice &lt;em&gt;championes&lt;/em&gt; (plural) o &lt;em&gt;champion&lt;/em&gt; (singular) a cualquier tipo de zapatillas deportivas. Se les dice comúnmente así por todos los uruguayos. Cuando alguien dice &lt;em&gt;zapatillas&lt;/em&gt; se refiere en general a un tipo de calzado deportivo tipo &quot;nautico&quot;, o de mucama, más simple y básico.&#xA;En Argentina se le llama &lt;em&gt;zapatilla&lt;/em&gt; a todos los tipos de calzado deportivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1515" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T17:54:03.913" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T17:54:03.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3642" CreationDate="2013-05-01T00:34:52.057" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. Membresía es la palabra original. Membrecía no estuvo registrada hasta la edición 23 del diccionario RAE, sin embargo ahora figura como sinónimo de membresía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?type=3&amp;amp;val=membres%EDa&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=RAE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Membresía:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Ec., El Salv., Guat., Hond., Méx. y Pan.&lt;/em&gt; Condición de miembro de una entidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Cuba, Guat., Hond., Méx. y Pan.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de miembros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, se trata de un anglicismo y un americanismo, es decir, es una palabra que proviene del ingles y que solo se utiliza en el castellano de América latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el castellano de España no suele utilizarse, si se utiliza, sin embargo la construcción &amp;quot;Ser miembro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en América latina se utilizaría la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera cancelar mi membresía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en el castellano de España se utilizaría la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera dejar de ser miembro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas, pero cada una debe utilizarse en su contexto. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T15:34:37.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3646" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-01T23:33:01.163" Score="6" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few questions regarding the use of some verbs after time constructions like &quot;tan pronto como&quot; or &quot;en cuanto.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am saying....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los domingos por la mañana vemos televisión. Tan pronto como&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt; , prendemos el televisor para ver nuestro programa favorito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I need to fill the blank with &lt;em&gt;levantarse&lt;/em&gt;... would it be &lt;em&gt;nos levantamos&lt;/em&gt;? I am confused because the action happens every sunday but is not past tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos me dicen terco, pero yo siempre sigo luchando hasta que&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt; mis metas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I need to fill it with &lt;em&gt;lograr&lt;/em&gt; do I place &lt;em&gt;logro&lt;/em&gt; meaning &quot;until I achieve&quot; or the subjunctive? This also happens multiple times but it seems like the subjunctive could fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los veranos, Martin Y Felícita visitan a sus abuelos en México. Cuando ellos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt; en la casa de sus abuelos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to fill it with &lt;em&gt;llegar&lt;/em&gt;. It seems like the present is the way to go (&lt;em&gt;llegan&lt;/em&gt;) but it (again) happens multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which form do I fill the blanks with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1517" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T14:52:04.963" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T14:52:04.963" Title="Indicative and subjunctive after time constructions" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3646" CreationDate="2013-05-02T00:54:12.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tan pronto como NOS LEVANTAMOS, prendemos ... 'nosotros nos levantamos' may refer either the past or present, this case is the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 use the subjunctive, 'hasta que logre' mis metas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 use llegan, it refers to the present &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastEditorUserId="1510" LastEditDate="2013-05-02T06:49:41.340" LastActivityDate="2013-05-02T06:49:41.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3646" CreationDate="2013-05-02T01:38:59.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tan pronto como &lt;strong&gt;nos levantamos&lt;/strong&gt;, prendemos el televisor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's present tense, actually. And it's the same as in English (&quot;as soon as we get up, we turn on...&quot;), I think&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos me dicen terco, pero yo siempre sigo luchando hasta que &lt;strong&gt;logro&lt;/strong&gt; mis metas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's, again, present, your are not referring to an uncertain future event, but to a &quot;present&quot; certain event. Actually a series of events, but that series as a whole is in the present: it's not in the past nor in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be different if you'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo seguiré  luchando hasta que &lt;strong&gt;logre&lt;/strong&gt; mi meta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the event is in the future, and is uncertain: subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los veranos, Martin Y Felícita visitan a sus abuelos en México. Cuando ellos &lt;strong&gt;llegan&lt;/strong&gt; a la casa de sus abuelos.......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(it's &quot;llegan a&quot;, not &quot;llegan en&quot;). The same as the previous ones: present. It refers to a repeated series of events that occurs, as a whole, in the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-05-02T01:38:59.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3646" CreationDate="2013-05-02T10:30:40.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although there may be several options, you can just make the person and tense concordant with those of the previous verb, thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los domingos por la mañana &lt;strong&gt;vemos&lt;/strong&gt; televisión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is indicative present, first person plural. So we use indicative present, first person plural for &lt;em&gt;levantarse&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en cuanto &lt;strong&gt;nos levantamos&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo siempre &lt;strong&gt;sigo luchando&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is present, first person singular, so &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hasta que &lt;strong&gt;consigo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whis is also present, first person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Martin Y Felícita &lt;strong&gt;visitan&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;present, third person plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;llegan&lt;/strong&gt; a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again present, third person plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See? it's easy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1231" LastActivityDate="2013-05-02T10:30:40.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3653" CreationDate="2013-05-05T14:02:36.020" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Morillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia's Pablo Mordillo entry&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When Morillo ordered the execution of the Colombian scientist Francisco José de Caldas (known as El Sabio Caldas, &quot;Wise Caldas&quot;) and the people present at the place appealed for the life of the scientist, Morillo responded: &quot;Spain does not need wise people.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could he have been mis-quoted or misunderstood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English example: I once referred to a colleague by saying, &quot;On a good day, he is a &lt;strong&gt;wise man&lt;/strong&gt;, and on a bad day, he is a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;wise guy.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; In American English, a &quot;wise guy&quot; is a jokester or &quot;sabelotodo,&quot; the kind of person who enrages the teacher or other authorities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could Morillo have said the Spanish equivalent of &quot;Spain does not need &lt;strong&gt;wise guys&lt;/strong&gt; (e.g. revolutionaries), and have been misunderstood to mean, &quot;Spain does not need &lt;strong&gt;wise people&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T17:04:41.790" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:04:41.790" Title="Could General Pablo Morrillo have been misunderstood as saying &quot;Spain does not need wise people.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3652" CreationDate="2013-05-06T08:02:32.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think wikipedia has a proper translation in the article. Searching a bit more, in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Morillo#cite_note-15&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;references to that sentence&lt;/a&gt; in spanish Wikipedia, it seems that sentence might be misattributed from Antoine Lavoisier to Morillo, because there aren't any references in Spain to Morillo's sentence. If it was misunderstood we'll never know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, it seems both Morillo and/or Lavoisier said it with same intention: disrepute someone and be right. &quot;Republic/Spain doesn't need wise people [and that's all-no discussion-next issue]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion if Morillo wanted to say &quot;España no necesita listillos [(or &lt;em&gt;sabelotodos&lt;/em&gt;)]&quot; he could have said it that way. I can't explain it right in english, but I think the intention was something like &quot;Aquí no tenemos sabios ni puñetera falta que hace&quot; &amp;lt; parent's tone. Like a 'Big Balls' Morillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-05-14T16:09:34.587" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T16:09:34.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3656" CreationDate="2013-05-06T17:19:23.600" Score="6" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qué diferencias hay entre las oraciones siguientes :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Así que empezaron a comerse las paredes de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Así que empezaron a comer las paredes de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2013-05-06T17:26:01.993" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T15:38:38.360" Title="El uso de &quot;comerse&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3654" CreationDate="2013-05-06T23:30:33.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia es que la primera es la forma pronominal, y es la forma correcta, porque la acción de comer recaen sobre algo específico, es decir, sobre un objeto directo determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quitamos el objeto directo,  el pronominal se convierte en reflexivo, lo que resulta en un disparate &lt;strong&gt;porque necesariamente falta algo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así que empezaron a comerse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras la forma no pronominal puede ir sin objeto directo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así que empezaron a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O con un objeto indeterminado, pero no un objeto concreto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las termitas comen madera. (correcto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Las termitas &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; comen madera. (&lt;strong&gt;incorrecto&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Las termitas comen mesa. (incorrecto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Las termitas &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; comen la mesa. (&lt;strong&gt;correcto&lt;/strong&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T23:30:33.103" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3654" CreationDate="2013-05-07T02:05:00.763" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera es una expresión que significa que no les quedaba nada para comer o bien que tienen mucha hambre y no pueden esperar x tiempo. &#xA;Indica un estado de ansiedad o desesperación. Nadie come paredes, y con la forma reflexiva la frase no pretende decir que nadie se las coma, sino que los sujetos hacen &quot;locuras&quot;, acciones descabelladas .. llevados por el hambre o la situación desesperada. &#xA;El sentido de la frase es, según el contexto, &quot;estaban muy ansiosos o desesperados&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda frase, pese a ser correcta, no tiene uso posible (en español). Nadie come paredes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2013-05-07T02:05:00.763" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-05-07T16:24:29.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Partir&quot; is another word you should consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi vuelo parte a las 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1531" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-08T07:36:06.040" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T07:36:06.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3561" CreationDate="2013-05-09T23:08:55.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As spaniard, i can say i use all of them, except the second:&#xA;Mi vuelo está a las 10. Don' use this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Walter As a passenger is very ok to say: Vuelo a las 10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most commonly, it's said &quot;Mi vuelo es a las 10&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, mi vuelo es a las 10, y tengo que estar dos horas antes... :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1538" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T23:08:55.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3433" CreationDate="2013-05-12T09:54:51.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's worth noting that &lt;em&gt;mear&lt;/em&gt; is probably quite a bit more vulgar that &lt;em&gt;orinar&lt;/em&gt;. I'd translate it as &quot;to piss&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1543" LastActivityDate="2013-05-12T09:54:51.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-14T00:36:40.617" Score="2" ViewCount="964" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a Spanish project where we write a script for a commercial. First, we wrote it in English and now we have to translate to Spanish. So far, it's been okay, but I'm just not sure if I should put a definite article before a restaurant name. I'm basically going to say (in English), &quot;What do our chefs have to say about Gringos &amp;amp; Ponchos?&quot; Once again, I just need to know about the article. Thank you so much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1547" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T08:08:28.203" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T04:56:46.530" Title="Is it possible to use definite articles before proper nouns? If so, when?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-14T01:04:43.520" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you know when to use 'para' and when do you use 'por'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T01:04:43.520" Title="When do you use 'para' and when do you use 'por'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-05-14T11:53:28.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-05-14T02:21:09.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me badass only has a &quot;good&quot; connotation. &quot;He is a badass= He is a person worth admiring&quot;.&#xA;So, in Spanish a close equivalent could be &quot;cabrón&quot;, which is very context dependent. &quot;Chingón&quot;, as propossed above, could also be used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1549" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T02:21:09.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2013-05-14T06:38:09.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name of the restaurant is a proper name, and therefor, formally, it isn't written with an article. On the other hand, you might hear a lot of people using an article. Certainly when people get familiar with a certain place or when it is a place everybody knows, they will probably use an article (although this might also be geographically dependent). If there exist more Gringos &amp;amp; Ponchos, and you are saying: &quot;El Gringos &amp;amp; Ponchos de [ciudad], you have to use an article (but that's the same for English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule is the same for names of persons. But for the name of a river or some other name that only exists once, the article might get very stuck to the name. Although in Spanish, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Art%C3%ADculo%20ante%20nombres%20propios.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; you can find a quite complete explanation and many examples for the use of articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your commercial I would not use an article, as it is quite formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T04:56:46.530" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T04:56:46.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2013-05-14T15:20:28.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest &quot;problematico&quot; (accent on the a) or &quot;cabeza dura&quot; (hard headed) or &quot;difícil&quot;.  It really depends on the situation.  &quot;Cabrón&quot; or &quot;chingón&quot; are actually insults, which for obvious reasons, you would like to avoid until absolutely necessary and when ready for a confrontation.  Therefore, I would suggest avoiding such words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there is the other meaning -positive.  Sounds like you want a familiar or street tone.  If your intention is positive then use &quot;increible&quot; (accent on the second i) or even &quot;persistente&quot; or &quot;sumamente capaz&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;fuerte&quot; would apply to both situations. &quot;Tiene una personalidad fuerte&quot; or &quot;tiene un carácter fuerte&quot; basically hard headed.  And in a positive tone...&quot;siempre es fuerte en su posición&quot;...strong will.  How you say it and your mannerisms, play a critical role.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is not just what you say, but also how you say it; it can be a very physical language at times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1551" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T22:00:19.977" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T22:00:19.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3652" CreationDate="2013-05-14T16:29:40.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis dos centavos...having not read the article and going only by the nickname &quot;Sabio Caldas&quot;, he simply would have been saying that Spain didn't need Caldas who was known as a &quot;sabio&quot; or wise/smart person.  Saying that Spain dind't need &quot;wise guys&quot; would have been another good interpretation.  Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As part of our culture, when you want to insult someone known as &quot;wise&quot;, you go with something like &quot;listo&quot; or &quot;listillo&quot; (ever heard of &quot;pillo&quot; -thief, also rhymes with &quot;listillo&quot; and has a close meaning).  Listo actually means ready; but it is used to mean &quot;wise&quot; in both good and bad tones like smart-aleck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1551" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T16:29:40.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1625" CreationDate="2013-05-14T16:47:51.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya voy or ya va...as in English &quot;coming!&quot;  Like when mom/dad says &quot;let's go&quot; a proper reply to someone you are that familiar with, as in mom/dad, would be &quot;ya voy!&quot; or &quot;ya va!&quot;  The difference... &quot;ya voy&quot; &quot;I'm coming&quot;; &quot;ya va&quot; ... &quot;he/she/it is coming&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've also used &quot;ya va&quot; in the sense of &quot;here it comes&quot;.  When you know somebody is about to do something typical/expected... &quot;look, here it comes&quot;...&quot;mira (look), ya va (here it comes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example... Joe you're up on the batting cage, &quot;ya voy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Cadenza says, it is very generic Spanish.  We use it in Puerto Rico as well.  Check the uses of the verb at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es&lt;/a&gt; it is the official site for the Spanish language or the Spanish (language) Royal Academy (REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1551" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T16:47:51.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-14T21:35:31.697" Score="10" ViewCount="7355" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tips to quickly identify words in Spanish as 'male' or 'female'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a new learner and have trouble with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-05-23T12:16:55.387" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T05:51:27.100" Title="Identifying masculine and feminine words" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3670" CreationDate="2013-05-15T06:33:27.137" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few general rules. For example, nouns ending with the letter &quot;a&quot; are generally feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the long-term the best way to master this is two fold: &#xA;(1) memorize the article when you learn the definition, and &#xA;(2) read and listen to the language as much as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually the correct article will naturally sound &quot;right.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastEditorUserId="1303" LastEditDate="2013-05-16T20:23:35.110" LastActivityDate="2013-05-16T20:23:35.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3670" CreationDate="2013-05-15T07:57:20.897" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Trevor says, there's a general rule that states that nouns:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ending in &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; are feminine  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ending in &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt; are masculine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are exceptions, and as usual with languages, those exceptions often happen in very common words, e.g. &quot;mano&quot; which ends in &quot;o&quot; but is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you have words with different endings (in other vowels, in consonants...) and those can be either masculine or feminine. There's no rule for them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la leche / el coche&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el camión / la canción&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la ley / el buey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you have to be aware that there are words which are feminine but take a masculine article. Those are words that start with an stressed &quot;a&quot; sound (agua, águila, hacha, hambre, aula...) and the masculine article is used to avoid cacophony. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8Tu5qHMtQD63wEn6zW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Full explanation in Spanish in the Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These words, when used in singular, and introduced by an article, take the &quot;el&quot; article (or the indefinite article &quot;un&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el agua, el águila, un hacha, el aula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they are feminine and should be used as such in all the other cases (in plural or when the word before the noun is not an article):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;las aguas, unas águilas, mucha hambre, esta hacha, la bella águila&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many native speakers get this wrong and say things like &lt;strike&gt;mucho hambre&lt;/strike&gt;, &lt;strike&gt;este agua&lt;/strike&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it's not at all easy. As Trevor says in his answer, you'll have to learn them and they will end up sounding right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For completeness, there are also a few words which can be both masculine or feminine (they are called &lt;a href=&quot;http://elcastellano.elnortedecastilla.es/castellano/aula/nombres-ambiguos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombres ambiguos&lt;/a&gt;): azúcar, arte, enzima, mar, margen... In general, those can be used as either masculine or feminine, but in some cases, the masculine is used in some cases and the feminine in others. For example, mar is generally used as masculine, but people related with the sea (sailors, fishers, etc.) often use it as feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2013-05-17T09:42:27.603" LastActivityDate="2013-05-17T09:42:27.603" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2013-05-15T17:38:40.150" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience (Argentina), there is a correlation with both (related) meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/congratulate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;congratulate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give (someone) one's good wishes when something special or pleasant has happened to them. =&gt; &quot;Desear felicidades&quot; (also &quot;Felicitar&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Praise (someone) for a particular achievement. =&gt; &quot;Felicitar&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an exclamation, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is used more for the first meaning (= &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Te deseo felicidades&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;), while &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Felicitaciones!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is used more for the second (=&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Te felicito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their uses overlap, though, and vary with regions and ages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T18:08:52.560" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T18:08:52.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-05-15T19:58:59.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a contraction of the preposition &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and the definite article &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;, but a preposition in its own right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used before a verb in the infinitive (like in your example), the preposition &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; is used like the English preposition &lt;strong&gt;upon&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;on&lt;/strong&gt; in the same context. It could aternatively be translated by a phrase such as &lt;em&gt;at the time of&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is to say, it is used to introduce an something which occurs simultaneously with, or immediately after, the action described by the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to take your example,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Al llegar&lt;/strong&gt; al tercer semaforo...'&lt;/em&gt;  =  &lt;em&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Upon arriving&lt;/strong&gt; at the third traffic light...'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Meaning that when the subject arrives at the third traffic light, '...' will happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example might be&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;'perdió el equipaje &lt;strong&gt;al cambiarse&lt;/strong&gt; de tren'&lt;/em&gt;  =  &lt;em&gt;'he lost his luggage &lt;strong&gt;when he changed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;at the time of changing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;trains'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastActivityDate="2013-05-15T19:58:59.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-05-16T20:22:31.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest interpretation that works 99% of the time is &quot;upon + verb&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al cambiarse la ropa&quot; = Upon changing his/her clothes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al ir al baño&quot; = Upon going to the restroom...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al besar a la chica&quot; = Upon kissing the girl...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al most always be followed by the infinitive, but it works well in a surprising number of instances and can make your sentences quite flexible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastActivityDate="2013-05-16T20:22:31.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3624" CreationDate="2013-05-17T03:24:59.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can think that &quot;al llegar&quot; is a propositional phrase in which &quot;llegar&quot;, being an infinitive, is used as a name, because of the article &quot;el&quot;. The preposition &quot;a&quot; gives this construct an adverbial taste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we also use other prepositions: &#xA;- &quot;Con el batir de palmas, el actor salió de escena&quot;&#xA;- &quot;Entre el ir y venir, ya no sé ni dónde estoy&quot; &#xA;- &quot;Hasta el andar me quita el aliento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1557" LastActivityDate="2013-05-17T03:24:59.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2013-05-17T08:32:49.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think, in this case, you can ommit the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As MikMik says, it's common in Spain use the article when you mention a restaurant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer cené en el Fridays - Ayer cené en el [&lt;em&gt;restaurante&lt;/em&gt;] Fridays&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mention the restaurant as a space, colloquially you usually will hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que opinas del [&lt;em&gt;restaurante&lt;/em&gt;] Fridays?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you are mentioning the restaurant as a &lt;strong&gt;brand&lt;/strong&gt;, in formal context, Silke was right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuestionario de opinión: Que opinas de Fridays?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same with other commercial stores, bar and stuff:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Formal:&lt;/em&gt; Haga sus compras en Carrefour&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Colloquiall:&lt;/em&gt; Voy a comprar al Carrefour&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-17T08:32:49.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2013-05-17T15:14:38.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A lo que te truje Chencha&lt;/em&gt; es una expresión, probablemente muy antigua, difícil de determinar su origen, que en un principio es muy probable que se utilizara en el centro del país, pero en la actualidad es utilizada ya prácticamente en toda la República mexicana, incluso entre los inmigrantes mexicanos que se encuentran en los estados Unidos y otros países, gracias a los medios masivos de comunicación que la han echo muy popular a través de los años, al utilizarla en las revistas, comics, periódicos, en los argumentos de películas, programas de radio y television, actualmente con el Internet, etc., y significa &lt;em&gt;a lo que te traje Chencha&lt;/em&gt;, con la característica deformación del lenguaje de ciertos grupos de indígenas y grupos sociales del centro del país, se refiere a exigir a una persona que se ponga realizar de inmediato lo que se fue a hacer a un lugar determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1560" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-09-18T06:17:45.500" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T06:17:45.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2504" CreationDate="2013-05-18T19:31:45.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;2°&quot; es una abreviatura del ordinal &quot;segundo&quot;.  Es exactamente lo mismo que &quot;2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt;&quot; en Inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se verá también &quot;2ᵃ&quot; en lugar de &quot;segunda&quot; cuando lo que se describe es una sustantivo feminino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2° Plano   = Segundo Plano&#xA;2ᵃ Persona = Segunda Persona&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para los ordinales que terminan con 'r' en la forma masculina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1ʳ Plano    = Primer Plano&#xA;1ᵃ Persona  = Primera Persona&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastActivityDate="2013-05-18T19:31:45.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2119" CreationDate="2013-05-19T02:41:40.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo y espero no equivocarme, que la palabra &quot;gente&quot; siempre se ha referido a una multitud o a mas de una persona. Si yo digo, tu, (o en mi caso) vos sos una buena persona, sería, para mi modo de ver las cosas y mas que nada y MUY importante, lo que me enseñaron en la escuela, es mas que equivocado decirte que vos sos buena &quot;gente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1563" LastActivityDate="2013-05-19T02:41:40.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3682" CreationDate="2013-05-19T05:50:33.560" Score="7" ViewCount="1858" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned my Spanish in Spain, some years ago. Now I am visiting Uruguay and Argentina and coming across the usage of the pronoun &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, and its corresponding different formation of the second person singular forms of verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very few resources seem to explain the use of the voseo, and so I find myself somewhat unsure of how to conjugate verbs to go with it. What are the rules for forming the second person singular, specifically with the &lt;em&gt;rioplatense&lt;/em&gt; variant of the voseo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that in almost all cases one takes the root of the verb, replaces the final &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; by an &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, and shifts the emphasis to the last syllable; eg &lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt; =&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;hablás&lt;/strong&gt;. This seems to account in at least most cases for the fact that the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; form doesn't incorporate the changes to the root which the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form (and sometimes others) adopt; such as &lt;strong&gt;decís&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;dices&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I am unable to find this as a written rule anywhere, leading me to think that things may be more complicated. Furthermore there are obviously irregular verbs like &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; =&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;sos&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, can anyone point me to a guideline for how to form the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; form of verbs in &lt;em&gt;español rioplatense&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendí mi español en España, hace varias años. Ahora que estoy visitando Uruguay y Argentina, encuentro el uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; con su correspondiente conjugación diferente del verbo con el segundo persona del singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pocos recursos explican el uso del voseo, y por tanto me encuentro con unas dudas sobre como conjugar verbos para &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cuáles son las reglas para la formación de el segundo persona del singular, específicamente con el voseo &lt;em&gt;rioplatense&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que en casi todos los casos solamente se sustituye a la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; final con una &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, y se cambia el énfasis para la vocal final; ej &lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt; =&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;hablás&lt;/strong&gt;. Me parece que ese toma en cuenta, al menos en la mayoría de los casos, el hecho de que la forma correspondiente al &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; no incorpora los cambios a la raíz que afectan la forma del &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (ya veces otros formas), por ejemplo &lt;strong&gt;decís&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;dices&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, no puedo encontrar ninguna regla escrita, lo que me hace sospechar que el asunto es más complicado que eso. Además, obviamente, existen verbos irregulares, como &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; =&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;sos&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿alguien me puede explicar las reglas sobre la conjugación de los verbos para concordar con el pronombre &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; del español rioplatense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Perdóname por los errores en la traducción al español. Hace mucho tiempo que no hablé ni escribí español, y además estoy confundido por haber pasado los últimos seis meses en Brasil... :-/)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T17:07:39.527" Title="How is the second person singular formed with rioplatense &quot;vos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3681" CreationDate="2013-05-19T06:59:23.330" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learnt Spanish in Argentina so to me the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; conjugations come naturally (and they're actually easier IMO =P). But I think that you pretty much already undersand how to form the present indicative singular second person in Rioplatense Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you said, remove the final &lt;strong&gt;-r&lt;/strong&gt;, replace it with &lt;strong&gt;-s&lt;/strong&gt; and shift the stress to the last vowel. Make sure to ignore stem changes that happen with the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tú recuerdas&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;vos recordás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tú puedes&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;vos podés&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tú vienes&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;vos venís&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is pretty easy because you can ignore the irregular stem changes of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three words that are irregularly conjugated with &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; (where I learned Spanish). They are: &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. You don't really have to worry about &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; though because it isn't used much in the indicative (&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; + past participle) as the Argentinians tend to use simple past instead (where I stayed anyways).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;sos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;vas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've probably already noticed, but there is quite a bit of variation between how different countries use &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; (and even within the same country sometimes). Wikipedia calls the conjugations that countries like Argentina and Uruguay use, Standard Conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's quite a large Wikipedia page on the use of &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, but it's really not too difficult if you follow the couple of rules I mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another note is that in Argentina at least (maybe just in the north?) they tend to drop the final &lt;strong&gt;-s&lt;/strong&gt; in second person singular indicative conjugations (when speaking). But this varies quite a bit (eg. it's not really dropped on &lt;strong&gt;-ís&lt;/strong&gt; endings) and the Argentinians tend to drop the final &lt;strong&gt;-s&lt;/strong&gt; on lots of words, not just verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another awesome thing about Rioplatense Spanish is that you don't have to worry about the second person plural conjugations (at least in Argentina), you can just use the third person plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastEditorUserId="312" LastEditDate="2013-05-19T07:53:53.357" LastActivityDate="2013-05-19T07:53:53.357" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3684" CreationDate="2013-05-19T22:08:47.150" Score="3" ViewCount="426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say &quot;These baskets are made by hand&quot;. Is it correct to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esas cestas son hechas de mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1564" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-05-21T04:17:48.127" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T23:01:12.500" Title="Is &quot;Esas cestas son hechas de mano&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3683" CreationDate="2013-05-20T02:39:24.200" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Estas cestas son hechas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mano&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;&lt;em&gt;Estas cestas &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; hechas a mano&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would also be perfectly valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The masculine &quot;&lt;em&gt;Estos cestos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is also correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Canastas&lt;/em&gt; is not often used, at least in Spain, unless you are talking about basketball...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-05-21T12:48:37.603" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T12:48:37.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3689" CreationDate="2013-05-21T13:16:52.430" Score="5" ViewCount="3352" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence comes from an exercise in my Spanish text book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pueden los lectores llevarse los libros a casa si quieren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above sentence, there's a &quot;se&quot; after the verb &quot;llevar&quot;. But I think there's only one direct object, &quot;los libros&quot;, so the verb should just be &quot;llevar&quot;. So why we need the &quot;se&quot; here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1396" LastEditorDisplayName="user1572" LastEditDate="2013-05-24T01:08:48.757" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T21:49:28.267" Title="Why is there a &quot;se&quot; after the verb in &quot;llevarse los libros a casa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3690" CreationDate="2013-05-21T20:26:04.337" Score="6" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo el vicio de escribir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;supongo irás mañana&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;creo te queda bien ese color&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que es correcto decir &quot;supongo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; irás mañana&quot; y &quot;creo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; te queda bien ese color&quot;, pero no sé si omitiendo el &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; estoy incurriendo en un error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay una razón concreta para dejar el &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T21:11:43.990" Title="¿Es posible omitir &quot;que&quot; en &quot;supongo que irás&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3687" CreationDate="2013-05-21T20:32:09.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being reflexive is not an invariant characteristic: it's not preserved under translation. In this context, &lt;code&gt;to take&lt;/code&gt; (llevarse) is reflexive in Spanish. What &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; at the end of the verb means is &lt;code&gt;take (with them)&lt;/code&gt;, which in English might sound obvious, but in Spanish it's necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other instances of this phenomenon: the right translation of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This thing transforms as ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta cosa &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; transforma de la siguiente forma...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T20:32:09.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3688" CreationDate="2013-05-21T21:11:43.990" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cito del María Moliner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &quot;que&quot; conjunción completiva que introduce un complemento directo puede elidirse; especialmente con verbos de opinión o sentimiento [...] Pero se recomienda como más elegante la forma completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1572" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T21:11:43.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3683" CreationDate="2013-05-22T00:13:33.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hechas &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mano&quot; would mean something like &quot;handen&quot;, as &quot;hechas de madera&quot; would mean &quot;wooden&quot;. Usually, &quot;las cestas están hechas de mimbre&quot; (wicker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1574" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-05-22T15:29:37.940" LastActivityDate="2013-05-22T15:29:37.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3681" CreationDate="2013-05-22T00:28:03.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Kage, you've got it pretty much right. A few notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ustedes&quot; in Argentina may or may not be formal, depending totally on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To complicate things a bit, the informal imperative of &quot;ir&quot; is &quot;andá&quot;, but the formal way is &quot;Vaya&quot;, as in Iberic Spanish. E.g., to say &lt;code&gt;Go to the library&lt;/code&gt; you either use &lt;code&gt;Andá a la biblioteca&lt;/code&gt; (informal), or &lt;code&gt;Vaya [usted] a la biblioteca&lt;/code&gt; (formal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Caesarsgrunt You won't get in trouble using any style (rioplatense, mexicano, or español), it's more important to be consistent with the style than which one you pick. The only area where things get messier is with nouns for common things (durazno=melocotón, vereda=acera, cometa=barrilete=papalote, etc, etc, etc). Plus local jargons, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1574" LastActivityDate="2013-05-22T00:28:03.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3670" CreationDate="2013-05-22T15:53:26.410" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Marcial Prado's book &quot;Practical Spanish Grammar&quot; offers this mnemonic for determining noun gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nouns ending in L-O-N-E-R-S are generally masculine (97%).&#xA;Examples: un papel, un libro, un tren, un garaje, un color, un lunes&#xA;Some exceptions: una calle, una clase, una llave, una mano, una muerte, una noche, una suerte, una tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nouns ending in D-IÓN-Z-A are generally feminine (98%).&#xA;Examples: una pared, una lección, una luz, una nariz, una mesa&#xA;Some exceptions: un avión, un camión, un día, un lápiz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are not absolute rules, but they will be right a very high percentage of the time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that there are a group of nouns ending in -ma, which in many cases are masculine.&#xA;Examples: un problema, un tema, un programa, un dilema, un drama, un poema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there are no hard and fast rules.  These are pretty good, but you'll just have to memorize the exceptions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1334" LastActivityDate="2013-05-22T15:53:26.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3701" CreationDate="2013-05-22T23:08:35.250" Score="6" ViewCount="13620" Body="&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When writing a formal letter in English, I would normally end with something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I look forward to hearing from you [soon|as soon as possible|at your earliest convenience].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;BR/&gt;[name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the equivalent way to end a formal letter in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learnt Spanish I recall being taught something along the following lines, which I have always used, but I have never seen anyone else use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la espera [de respuesta|de su pronta respuesta] le[s] saluda atentamente,&lt;BR /&gt;[nombre]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, though this obviously does not carry the &amp;quot;I look forward to hearing from you&amp;quot; meaning, I have had a couple of letters from Argentinian businesses ending along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin otro motivo, saluda atentamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[nombre]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &amp;quot;sin otro motivo&amp;quot; mean in this context? Obviously the literal translation, &amp;quot;without any other motive&amp;quot; doesn't mean anything. Also, is it correct to leave out the &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;le saluda atentamente&amp;quot;, or has the writer made a mistake?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando escribo una carta formal en inglés, normalmente termino con algo parecido al siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I look forward to hearing from you [soon|as soon as possible|at your earliest convenience].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;BR/&gt;[name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué sería la manera equivalente en español para terminar una carta formal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuándo aprendí español, me acuerdo de aprender algo como lo siguiente, y lo uso mucho, pero nunca vi a un hablante nativo usarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la espera [de respuesta|de su pronta respuesta] le[s] saluda atentamente,&lt;BR /&gt;[nombre]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También - aunque claro que no lleva el significado de &amp;quot;I look forward to hearing from you&amp;quot; - he recibido varias cartas de compañías argentinas terminadas más o menos como :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin otro motivo, saluda atentamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[nombre]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto, ¿que significa &amp;quot;sin otro motivo&amp;quot;? La traducción literal, &amp;quot;without any other motive&amp;quot;, no significa nada en este contexto en inglés... También, ¿es correcto omitir la palabra &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; en el frase &amp;quot;le saluda atentamente&amp;quot;, o es un error por parte del escritor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T03:01:12.533" Title="Ending a formal letter / Terminar una carta formal" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3687" CreationDate="2013-05-23T11:00:50.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The analysys of the multiple uses of &quot;se&quot; (of which only a fraction are reflexive in nature) is &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/SE-Valores%20de%20la%20part%C3%ADcula%20se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quite a complex issue&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;llevarse los libros a casa&quot;, &quot;llevarse&quot; is a pronominal , NON-REFLEXIVE verb. The particle &quot;se&quot; fulfills an emphatic, not a reflexive function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1572" LastEditorDisplayName="user1572" LastEditDate="2013-05-23T21:20:43.177" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T21:20:43.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3699" CreationDate="2013-05-23T14:11:56.393" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I look forward to hearing from you [soon|as soon as possible|at your&#xA;  earliest convenience].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we are politely demanding an answer, we could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quedo a la espera de su respuesta [sus comentarios]&#xA;  Atentamente|Saludos cordiales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want to stress that we expect a quick response we can add  &lt;code&gt;a la brevedad&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tan pronto como le sea posible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la espera [de respuesta|de su pronta respuesta] le[s] saluda atentamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is also ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we are just inviting or welcoming further messages (but with no obligation) we could simply say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero tener noticias suyas pronto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin otro motivo, saluda atentamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;sin otro motivo&quot; (or &quot;sin otro asunto&quot;) means basically &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2195691&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Without any further matters to discuss...&quot;&lt;/a&gt; , but it sounds a trifle cold/mechanical/inelegant  to me, I would leave that out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is it correct to leave out the &quot;le&quot; in &quot;le saluda atentamente&quot;, or has the writer made a mistake?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a slight mistake. The correct way is &quot;le saluda atentamente&quot; (or also, preferable in Argentina and other places: &quot;lo saluda atentamente&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-30T03:01:12.533" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T03:01:12.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3703" CreationDate="2013-05-23T19:11:13.847" Score="1" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber cómo podría traducirse &lt;code&gt;Lístalo&lt;/code&gt;. He pensando en &lt;code&gt;List it&lt;/code&gt; y en &lt;code&gt;List this&lt;/code&gt; pero no estoy seguro de cuál es la correcta (si acaso alguna lo es).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1306" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T15:02:00.020" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T15:02:00.020" Title="List it or List this" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-10-12T22:38:09.157" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3702" CreationDate="2013-05-23T20:53:10.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues literalmente se traduce como &lt;strong&gt;list it&lt;/strong&gt;. Pero para el nombre de una aplicación también podría ser &lt;strong&gt;list this&lt;/strong&gt;; eso me parece más natural para un nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tenía un botón con el texto &quot;listalo&quot; no se podría traducir como &quot;list this&quot;; tendría que ser &quot;list it&quot;. O en el caso específico que describes, sería mejor &quot;list sentences&quot; para un botón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="1553" LastEditDate="2013-05-23T21:02:58.530" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T21:02:58.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3683" CreationDate="2013-05-23T23:01:12.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would definitely say &quot;Esas cestas &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; hechas a mano&quot;, instead of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. It sounds much more natural to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1578" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T23:01:12.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3706" CreationDate="2013-05-24T12:59:27.090" Score="-2" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the title says, I need a short form for the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Indicaciones sobre la protección de datos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It shouldn't be longer than 3-4 words. Does anybody have an idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1581" LastEditorDisplayName="user1135" LastEditDate="2013-05-24T22:31:10.247" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T21:40:16.297" Title="Short form for &quot;Indicaciones sobre la protección de datos&quot;" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3705" CreationDate="2013-05-24T14:03:56.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without more context, it's going to be hard, but you could try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Indicaciones sobre la privacidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Política de privacidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T14:03:56.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3705" CreationDate="2013-05-24T14:10:45.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Alexis that more context would help ... but if it's for something like a sub-heading in a document, you could just drop the &quot;Indicaciones sobre la&quot; and go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Protección de datos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also like Alexis' &quot;Política de privacidad&quot;, but &quot;privacy&quot; is a more general concept than &quot;data protection&quot;, so it might not be applicable to your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1135" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T14:10:45.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3708" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3709" CreationDate="2013-05-24T16:16:46.790" Score="6" ViewCount="1705" Body="&lt;h3&gt;How should &amp;quot;to have been told&amp;quot; be translated?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am often unsure how to translate the phrase &lt;strong&gt;to have been told&lt;/strong&gt; into Spanish. For example, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;I have been told that...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I normally translate that phrase to &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Se me ha dicho que...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but I am unsure if it is correct (or why it would be correct).&#xA;What is the correct way to translate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;¿Cómo se puede traducir al español &amp;quot;to have been told&amp;quot;?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces tengo dudas sobre la traducción al español del frase inglés &lt;strong&gt;to have been told&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;I have been told that...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Normalmente traduzco esta frase como &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Se me ha dicho que...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; pero no estoy seguro de que sea correcto (ni por qué lo sería). ¿Cuál es la manera correcta de traducirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T01:32:37.883" Title="How should &quot;to have been told&quot; be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3708" CreationDate="2013-05-24T16:30:32.327" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se me ha dicho que...&quot;, &quot;me han dicho que...&quot;, even the less accurate &quot;me dijeron que...&quot; (literally, &quot;they told me that&quot;) are all acceptable alternatives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO, &quot;Me han dicho que&quot; sounds better (except maybe in Argentina and particularly in Buenos Aires, where you'll hear &quot;me dijeron que...&quot; more often).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note, your usage of &quot;porque&quot; in &quot;ni porque lo sería&quot; is wrong. When used to ask (or to wonder why) you write &quot;por qué&quot;; only when used affirmatively you write &quot;porque&quot;. Examples in Argentine Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why do you ask?&lt;/em&gt; ¿Por qué preguntás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &lt;em&gt;I don't know why she did it.&lt;/em&gt; No sé por qué lo hizo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &lt;em&gt;Because she's a maniac.&lt;/em&gt; Porque es una maniática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1574" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T21:48:41.997" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T21:48:41.997" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3687" CreationDate="2013-05-25T11:47:31.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;llevarse&quot; denotes a different aspect of the action than &quot;llevar&quot;.  In this case, &quot;llevarse&quot; draws attention to where the books are coming from, probably a library.  &quot;llevar&quot; would draw attention to the place they are  being taken to, namely home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-05-25T11:47:31.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3620" CreationDate="2013-05-25T21:27:39.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina el significado es el mismo, dar todo lo que uno tiene para dar en determinado objetivo, dar todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1584" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-05-27T12:28:01.637" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T12:28:01.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3705" CreationDate="2013-05-26T00:31:02.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Protección de datos&quot; would be the closest way to summarize what you are trying to expose. It's brief and easy to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1569" LastActivityDate="2013-05-26T00:31:02.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-26T09:05:59.820" Score="7" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I speak Spanish daily now, but feel I'm not learning many new things any more (although there is still much for me to learn).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I will have some more time in the coming months, I was thinking of taking an official test, which will motivate me a lot to do exercises, learn lists of vocabulary, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the one hand, there is DELE (Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera), which is actually quite expensive, but it is internationally recognised. On the other hand I found some information about CELU (Certificate of Spanish: Language and Use), but that seems to be only recognized by Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I invest in such a test, I would like it to have some additional value when looking for a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are: Are there other options? Do they really have value when searching for a job (in case Spanish would be relevant for the job of course)? Any recommendations? (I live in Belgium and would prefer not to travel too far for the test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also afraid of facing problems with dialect as I'm used to Latin Spanish and not the Spanish of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-11-12T00:24:23.517" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T00:24:23.517" Title="Participating in a Spanish proficiency test?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;evaluación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-03-23T11:58:57.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3715" CreationDate="2013-05-27T08:45:10.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente no sé qué certificaciones internacionales existen para el español. Pero viendo que los DELE son los certificados que otorga el Instituto Cervantes (en nombre del Ministerio de Educación de España), presente en multitud de países, que se integran en el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas y que, en general, son reconocidos internacionalmente, yo optaría por uno de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al precio, no es barato, pero no veo que sea más caro que otros exámenes equivalentes. Por ejemplo, he mirado en Bruselas, y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.britishcouncil.org/brussels-exams-esol-dates-fees.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CPE de Cambridge University (nivel C2)&lt;/a&gt; es unos 30 € más caro que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://bruselas.cervantes.es/es/diplomas_espanol/precios_diplomas_espanol.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DELE C2&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T08:01:08.010" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T08:01:08.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3705" CreationDate="2013-05-27T21:40:16.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo proteger sus datos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do subtitling for a living, and finding ways of saying it all with the least amount of characters is a must in this trade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1586" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T21:40:16.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3687" CreationDate="2013-05-27T21:49:28.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It this case &quot;se&quot; is a reflexive form. It subtitutes for the person or persons actually carrying the books home. It would be similar to &quot;you carry the books home&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1586" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T21:49:28.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-28T05:46:20.073" Score="23" ViewCount="1463" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the historical origin of the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/persa.htm&quot;&gt;personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of the &lt;em&gt;personal a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;George sees Mary. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Jorge ve &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; María.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I see the waitress. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Veo &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la mesera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with the exact same sentence structure, the 'a' is omitted when referencing non-persons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;George sees the dog. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Jorge ve el perro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I see the table. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Veo la mesa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-15T12:19:38.887" LastActivityDate="2020-01-15T12:19:38.887" Title="What is the history of the &quot;personal a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;a-personal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3681" CreationDate="2013-05-28T08:13:10.337" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The voseo actually comes from the (formerly) polite version of addressing someone. It is originally formed with the second person plural. For some reason this 'polite' way has found its way into day to day speak in some parts of Latin America (this is actually very similar to English, where 'you'  used to be only second person plural, but came into use as a polite way of addressing somebody which stuck around and has since replaced the original 'thou'), whereas in Spain they kept the original second person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America the second person singular is thus formed as an 'eroded' second person plural, which took slightly different roots in different countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in Argentina (Rioplatense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos camináis -&gt; vos caminás   (the 'i' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos decís  -&gt; vos decís     (has stayed largely the same)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos tenéis -&gt; vos tenés     (again the 'i' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡caminad! -&gt; caminá      (the 'd' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos sois  -&gt; vos sos     (the 'i' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos camináis -&gt; vo (tu) caminái   (the 's' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos decís  -&gt; vo (tu) decí     (the 's' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos tenéis -&gt; vo (tu) tení     (the 'e' and the 's' have been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡caminad! -&gt; camina!      (the original second person singular is kept)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos sois  -&gt; vo (tu) soi     (the 's' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vos tendréis  -&gt; vo (tu) tendrí  (again the 's' has been dropped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further information about the voseo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/13/paper2478.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1587" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T08:13:10.337" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3708" CreationDate="2013-05-28T21:26:09.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Altough the literal translation for &quot;I have been told&quot; is &quot;se me ha dicho que&quot;, it's quite uncommon in regular conversation, at least in Mexico, because it is a very formal expression. It would be right if you use it to talk about orders, for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Por qué hiciste eso?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Why did you do that?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Se me ha dicho que lo haga.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Because I have been told so.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you just want to talk about gossip or something someone said it will be better if you traslate like: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me contaron que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me dijeron que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T01:32:37.883" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T01:32:37.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3723" CreationDate="2013-05-28T22:41:30.243" Score="3" ViewCount="10250" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra correcta para describir la &quot;acción de solicitar&quot;, según la RAE? ¿&quot;Solicitación&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2020-12-27T02:55:17.160" Title="Palabra correcta para describir la &quot;acción de solicitar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3722" CreationDate="2013-05-29T02:46:04.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/solicitaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;solicitación&lt;/em&gt; tiene como su único significado la &lt;em&gt;&quot;acción de solicitar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-05-29T02:46:04.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3722" CreationDate="2013-05-29T03:39:32.063" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente dependa del contexto, tanto regional como del texto mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Derivado del verbo solicitar es más utilizada (al menos en Chile):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/solicitud&quot;&gt;Solicitud&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/peticion&quot;&gt;Petición&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2013-05-29T03:39:32.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3722" CreationDate="2013-05-31T07:39:04.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque admitido por la RAE, no creo que en España se use nunca la palabra  «solicitación». Si la escuchara pensaría inmediatamente que el interlocutor no es español. Lo normal sería emplear «solicitud» o «petición», o algún sinónimo en determinados contextos administrativos o jurídicos («demanda», «apelación», «instancia», «reclamación», etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2016-05-22T09:46:27.633" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T09:46:27.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3719" CreationDate="2013-05-31T09:00:24.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habrá que remontarse al latín, porque en el español antiguo ya estaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enbió el rey don Alfonso &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Ruy Díaz mio Çid por las parias que le avían a dar los reyes de Córdova e de Sevilla cada año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE procede del latín &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;toward&lt;/em&gt;, en inglés), que es una preposición de acusativo que indica dirección (hacia, hasta,etc...), proximidad (junto a, en,...), finalidad (para,...)  o comparación (ante,según, ...) y que en todos esos significados puede traducirse a veces como &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; en español. La palabra latina procede del  protoindoeuropeo y está relacionado con el &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt; del inglés (de origen protogermámico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa indicación de orientación, como explica Trevor, en los complementos directos (CD) personificados evita la ambigüedad del español, donde no es obligatoria la presencia del sujeto delante del verbo, a diferencia de otros idiomas. De esta forma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jorge quiere María (ambiguo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría interpretarse como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jorge quiere a María (no ambiguo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Jorge quiere María  (no ambiguo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también esa orientación ejerce una restricción semántica de &lt;em&gt;especificidad&lt;/em&gt; y definición, que puede ser aplicable *&lt;em&gt;o no&lt;/em&gt; a personas u objetos más o menos personificados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conozco a un policía (persona específica: Pepe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito un policía (persona no específicada: Pepe, Juan, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en vez de policía ponemos un nombre propio (Pepe), el CD es necesariamente específico, y por tanto con &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de CD que son cosas comunes, como &amp;quot;una pared&amp;quot;, ciertamente puede omitirse la &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; porque no son única&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pintó la mesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la razón no es simplemente que el CD no sea personal. También ocurre que no hay un sentido de dirección o movimiento, ni es ambiguo. De tal forma sí se emplea en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saltó a la mesa  (alguien salta sobre la mesa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si se quita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saltó la mesa (&lt;em&gt;Poltergesist phenomenon&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T01:32:28.013" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2013-05-31T21:07:23.770" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend just used this phrase with me, which works, at least in some situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No veo la hora&lt;/strong&gt; en que termine la jornada laboral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-05-31T21:07:23.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3400" CreationDate="2013-05-31T22:04:04.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usando el mismo ejemplo antes citado supongamos que alguien dice &lt;em&gt;Mañana llegan del viaje&lt;/em&gt; pero la realidad es que llegan el martes, si yo quiero corregir y digo solamente &lt;em&gt;No llegan mañana&lt;/em&gt; entonces estaría diciendo que no llegan ni mañana ni nunca. Por esa razón es necesario decir &lt;em&gt;No llegan mañana pero sí llegan el martes&lt;/em&gt; y esto se abrevia como &lt;em&gt;No llegan mañana sino el martes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1598" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:20:40.143" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:20:40.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3737" CreationDate="2013-06-01T15:24:33.963" Score="4" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read a line the other day in Almudi.org that said &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi paisaje de siempre visto desde otra perspectiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the latter part means 'seen from another perspective'. I can't quite figure out what could be a good english equivalent of the former. My landscape of always? That doesn't make english sense. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1599" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T18:38:04.290" Title="Paisaje de siempre" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3736" CreationDate="2013-06-01T18:06:07.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My everyday landscape, seen from another perspective,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My usual landscape, seen from another perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="1363" LastEditDate="2013-06-01T18:38:04.290" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T18:38:04.290" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3719" CreationDate="2013-06-02T00:18:58.853" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The personal a can be confusing to English speakers because we are accustomed to &lt;strong&gt;sentence structure conveying meaning&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when I say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John picked up the brother&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's &amp;quot;obvious&amp;quot; that the brother is the direct object. We take it for granted in English but the reason we know this is because brother &lt;em&gt;comes after the verb&lt;/em&gt;. Reversing it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The brother picked up John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;changes the meaning of the sentence. Specifically, who is the direct object and who is the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish that same meaning is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; conveyed by sentence structure. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jorge &lt;strong&gt;ve&lt;/strong&gt; María -&amp;gt; ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María &lt;strong&gt;ve&lt;/strong&gt; Jorge. -&amp;gt; ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have no idea who saw who. While to English natives it appears we can understand the sentences, in reality the meaning is not there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where the personal a comes in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jorge ve &lt;strong&gt;a María&lt;/strong&gt; -&amp;gt; George sees Mary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A Jorge&lt;/strong&gt; ve María. -&amp;gt; Mary sees George.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we can tell who sees who. The personal a indicates who is the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The personal a is mostly used when the direct object is a person, but it can also be applied to things that can be personified, e.g. pets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juanita extraña a su perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example is with certain pronouns, e.g. alguien, nadie, quien, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no vi &lt;strong&gt;a nadie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quien pertenece la tele?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benefit of all this is that Spanish gives the speaker much more flexibility in constructing sentences. This is common throughout the language, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me quiero ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero irme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both mean &amp;quot;I want to leave&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T00:18:58.853" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3746" CreationDate="2013-06-02T22:41:49.317" Score="1" ViewCount="259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm re-reading &lt;em&gt;La Vida Inútil de Pito Pérez&lt;/em&gt;, this time making extra effort to understand the all the words and grammar, and I'm stumped in the second paragraph already, which is describing his clothing.  This is the sentence with which I am struggling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un viejo &quot;carrete&quot; de paja nimbaba de oro la cabeza de Pito Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding of the sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An old &quot;spool&quot; of straw circled (of gold) the head of Pito Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the placement of the prepositional phrase &lt;em&gt;de oro&lt;/em&gt;.  Is this grammatical? I suspect it is; how and why is it grammatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me it should be something more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un viejo &quot;carrete&quot; de paja oro nimbaba la cabeza de Pito Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help me understand this syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T04:35:08.033" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T11:49:16.250" Title="How is the placement of this prepositional phrase grammatical?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3740" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-02T23:10:38.980" Score="11" ViewCount="3291" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that both &lt;em&gt;Quizá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Acaso&lt;/em&gt; are translated to &quot;Perhaps&quot; or &quot;Maybe&quot; in English.  Is there any difference between these two words in Spanish, other than &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; being apparently more common? Or are they completely interchangable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T17:15:10.710" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T04:14:18.820" Title="Difference between &quot;acaso&quot; and &quot;quizá&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3743" CreationDate="2013-06-02T23:22:54.803" Score="5" ViewCount="3953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this sentence while reading, and the use of 'palabra' doesn't make sense to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y no es que quiera irme; palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it brings up connotations of the very slang usage of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=word&quot;&gt;word&lt;/a&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T19:06:10.603" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;palabra&quot; in this context?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3741" CreationDate="2013-06-03T08:02:52.203" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is the same meaning as in English, or at least as I understood from urbandictionary. It means something like &quot;I promise&quot; or &quot;I swear&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About its origin I would say it is a shortened form of &quot;palabra de honor&quot;. Cheking RAE for &quot;palabra de honor&quot; it redirects you to the fifth definition of &quot;palabra&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;. 5. f. Empeño que hace alguien de su fe y probidad en testimonio de lo que afirma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1427" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T19:06:10.603" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T19:06:10.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3741" CreationDate="2013-06-03T08:06:56.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's short for &quot;te doy mi palabra&quot;, meaning &quot;te lo prometo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/palabra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;see in RAE&lt;/a&gt; that palabra means &quot;promesa u oferta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T08:06:56.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-06-03T11:38:17.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot explain clearly the difference, but what I can state is that they are not completely interchangable. And there are many examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá llueva mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acaso llueva mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá lo necesite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acaso lo necesite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Vendrás a la fiesta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Quizás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Vendrás a la fiesta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Acaso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, all the previous sentences using 'acaso' sound completely wrong for me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is to translate both 'maybe' and 'perhaps' as: 'quizá', 'quizás' or even 'a lo mejor'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use 'acaso' very few times, only in sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso tengo yo la culpa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevaré un abrigo por si acaso hace frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-14T03:53:46.840" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T03:53:46.840" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3739" CreationDate="2013-06-03T11:49:16.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE, the verb &lt;code&gt;nimbar&lt;/code&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rodear de nimbo o aureola una figura o imagen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's to say, as pointed out in the comments, somthing like &lt;code&gt;&quot;to surround a figure with a halo&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your sentence &lt;code&gt;&quot;de oro&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is used to say that the halo is of golden colour. Namely, &lt;code&gt;&quot;de oro&quot;&lt;/code&gt; doesn't modify neither the &lt;code&gt;&quot;carrete&quot;&lt;/code&gt; nor the &lt;code&gt;&quot;paja&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, but the halo that is drawn arround Pito's head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your translation would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An old &quot;spool&quot; of straw encircled the head of Pito Pérez with a gold halo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T11:49:16.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-06-03T16:50:53.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Mexican and eventhough there are no differences for the use of both (quizá y acaso), &quot;quizá&quot; is more likely to be used in a regular conversation than &quot;acaso&quot;. I would only use &quot;acaso&quot; in  &quot;por si acaso&quot; but then it loses the regular translation  &quot;perhaps&quot; or &quot;maybe&quot; for &quot;just in case&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-14T03:55:13.343" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T03:55:13.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3755" CreationDate="2013-06-04T13:20:33.807" Score="11" ViewCount="2480" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating a text and have a doubt. It says: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please add a copy [of some specific papers] &lt;strong&gt;(if any)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could mix up the sentence and say: &quot;Si existen [...], añade una copia, por favor.&quot;&#xA;But it sounds strange, and anyway I want a translation with the parenthesis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say: &quot;(si hay)&quot;, but it sound to informal. Other options I think about are: &quot;(si algunos)&quot;, &quot;(si existen)&quot;. And Google Translate gives me the option: &quot;(en su caso)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are those examples I gave correct?&lt;/strong&gt; Are there better ways to translate it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T10:25:55.313" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T10:25:55.313" Title="How to translate &quot;if any&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3751" CreationDate="2013-06-04T14:02:55.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know the context, but maybe you could use &quot;si procede&quot; or &quot;cuando proceda&quot;, which translates to &quot;if applicable&quot;/&quot;if appropriate&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor, añade una copia de [los papeles], si procede.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T08:33:50.203" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T08:33:50.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3751" CreationDate="2013-06-04T14:11:19.910" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;em&gt;si los/las hay&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;si acaso existen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son los beneficios, si los hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son los beneficios, si acaso existen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I'm not sure these expression could be used in their respective singular forms (&lt;em&gt;si lo/la hay&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;si acaso existe&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T14:11:19.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3751" CreationDate="2013-06-04T16:50:38.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends of text's context as usual, but I'd say, you could translate this one as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si aplica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En caso de tenerlos (regards the documents)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-06-04T22:28:52.567" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T22:28:52.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3751" CreationDate="2013-06-04T17:42:55.463" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por favor añadir copia de [algun documento específico] (&lt;strong&gt;Si hubiera&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1262" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T17:42:55.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-06-04T19:31:13.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me 'acaso' is more paired with 'de casualidad', 'será', among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Acaso' is a word which means some kind of doubt but that I'd only use on interrogative questions like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Acaso quiere que también lave la ropa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Acaso ese hombre se atreverá a robarme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and perhaps using certain tone of alarm and concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, 'quizás' is a word as well used to mean some kind of doubt but more flexible, you can use it on affirmative and  negative sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás mañana vayamos al cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás la suegra no venga mañana, ¡qué bueno!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T08:02:05.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3751" CreationDate="2013-06-05T01:59:36.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There're already good answers, but I'll go with my own:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor añade, de haberlos, una copia de los documentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T03:01:06.813" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T03:01:06.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3762" CreationDate="2013-06-06T19:20:46.657" Score="5" ViewCount="1022" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba viendo la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3719/what-is-the-history-of-the-personal-a&quot;&gt;pregunta sobre el &quot;a&quot; personal&lt;/a&gt; y empecé a estudiar un poco el asunto. Me quedé con la duda, qué pasa con la &quot;a&quot; personal en caso de que se agregue a un objeto indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé en este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo les presento &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi novio a mis padres&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es mi novio al que presento a mis padres, entonces &quot;mi novio&quot; es el objeto directo, y es una persona. Entonces se usa el &quot;a&quot; personal.&#xA;&quot;mis padres&quot; es el objeto indirecto, lo que generalmente también va con &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mi duda es que siempre he escuchado esto (y también suena más claro y lógico):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo les presento mi novio a mis padres&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ocurre solamente en la lengua hablada que dejan la primera &quot;a&quot;? ¿O la &quot;a&quot; puede desaparecer cuando se agrega un objeto indirecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:57:49.713" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:57:49.713" Title="&quot;a&quot; personal en &quot;Yo les presento a mi novio a mis padres&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3758" CreationDate="2013-06-06T20:30:57.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo muy bien las reglas gramáticales para este ejemplo pero efectivamente suena bastante raro la primera frase. Puede ser en parte por que el tiempo en el que esta expresada es inadecuado (se indica que estas realizando la acción de presentar tu novio a tus papás mientras le dices a un tercer sujeto lo que estas haciendo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Les presentaré a mi novio a mis padres&amp;quot;  (padres conociendo novio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Le presentaré a mi novio a mis padres&amp;quot; (novio conociendo padres)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Le presentaré mi novio a mis padres&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Les presentaré mis padres a mi novio&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases anteriores suenan mucho mejor y se entienden más claramente.&#xA;En el caso de las dos últimas, el  &amp;quot;mi&amp;quot; que sigue al verbo hace que la frase tenga sentido aún sin el &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; ya que nos permite identificar facilmente quien será presentado a quien, sin embargo el &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; no puede siempre omitirse porque algunas frases perderían su sentido, especialmente aquellas frases donde no podemos identificar a un sujeto de otro (quien es el objeto directo y quién es el objeto indirecto) como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Le presentaré a Maria Juan&amp;quot;&#xA;&amp;quot;Le presentaré a Maria a Juan&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que es bastante específico este problema con el verbo que estas ejemplificando porque siempre se presenta &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-06T20:44:16.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-07T07:33:19.367" Score="2" ViewCount="438" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata, por ejemplo, de un paciente que saldrá del hopital donde fue curado de una enfermedad. El hospital ha sido recientemente abierto, y el paciente es satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, ¿cuáles son las combinaciones correctas y/o posibles? ¿Son posibles en castellano todas esas combinaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mañana el paciente, restablecido y satisfecho, saldrá del hospital recientemente inaugurado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente satisfecho saldrá del recientemente inaugurado hospital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, restablecido y satisfecho, saldrá del hospital recientemente inaugurado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente saldrá del recientemente establecido hospital satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente del hospital recientemente inaugurado saldrá de allí satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente del recientemente inaugurado hospital saldrá de allí mañana satisfecho. O ¿mañana saldrá de allí satisfecho?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El satisfecho paciente restablecido del (o ¿en el?) hospital recientemente inaugurado saldrá de allí.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mañana el paciente restablecido y satisfecho/(satisfecho y restablecido) del recientemente inaugurado hospital saldrá de allí, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya no sé cuales son las frases posibles, y cuales son erróneas. ¡Que me ayuden con la sintaxis, por favor!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una pregunta más: ¿no digan ´el paciente quitará el hospital´ en lugar de &quot;saldrá del hospital&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1291" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T04:24:42.750" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T04:24:42.750" Title="¿Cual es el orden apropiado para un substantivo con adjetivo y/o participio + &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3758" CreationDate="2013-06-07T09:12:21.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Según el DPD, en este caso puede omitirse la primera preposición &quot;a&quot;, salvo que vaya antes de un nombre propio&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d)&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando el complemento directo de persona precedido de preposición&#xA;  coincide en la oración con otro complemento que también la lleva (por&#xA;  ejemplo, un complemento indirecto), puede omitirse la que antecede al&#xA;  complemento directo, para evitar confusiones: &lt;em&gt;Presentó (a) su novio a&#xA;  sus padres&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si el complemento directo es un nombre propio, es&#xA;  forzoso el uso de la preposición: &lt;em&gt;Presentó a Juan a sus padres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T09:12:21.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3761" CreationDate="2013-06-07T09:36:11.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La opción 3 es la que mejor suena:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, curado y contento, saldrá del hospital recientemente establecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La opción 1 es válida tambien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente se pone el adjetivo después del nombre, de manera que, por regla general, debes preferir &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;paciente curado&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;curado paciente&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, excepto en canciones y textos poéticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro orden de cosas, un hospital no se &lt;em&gt;'establece'&lt;/em&gt; sino que &lt;em&gt;'abre'&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;'se inaugura'&lt;/em&gt;. Además, quizás &lt;em&gt;'contento'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;'curado'&lt;/em&gt; no sean las mejores palabras que puedas usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, restablecido y satisfecho, saldrá del hospital recientemente inaugurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sería algo formal, propio de una noticia en el periódico o del folleto publicitario del nuevo hospital, o, en un lenguaje menos formal, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablito, curado y contento, saldrá del hospital que han abierto hace poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, por último, &lt;em&gt;'quitar'&lt;/em&gt; en español significa eliminar o suprimir. No tiene ningún significado parecido al inglés &lt;em&gt;'To quit'&lt;/em&gt; o al francés &lt;em&gt;'Quitter'&lt;/em&gt;, como pareces sugerir. Sin embargo, sí se puede usar &lt;em&gt;'dejar'&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;'abandonar'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, ya restablecido, dejará el hospital mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede serte útil conocer la expresión técnica &lt;em&gt;'dar de alta'&lt;/em&gt; que se refiere al acto de que el médico declare que el paciente esta curado o, al menos ,que no es preciso que continúe en el hospital para su restablecimiento, pudiendo continuarlo en su casa o siguiendo una cierta medicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, ya restablecido, será dado de alta mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana darán de alta a Pablito del nuevo hospital&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te ayude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T09:52:20.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3766" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-07T12:09:37.483" Score="4" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;congestión &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; tráfico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;congestión &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; tráfico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-06-07T13:01:19.780" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T09:36:22.160" Title="What is the difference between &quot;congestión del tráfico&quot; and &quot;congestión de tráfico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3766" CreationDate="2013-06-07T12:29:34.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see any difference and I think both sentences are interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a slight difference, I'd say that the option 1 could be a bit more concrete than option 2, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay una gran congestión &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; tráfico en la autopista A1 en estos&#xA;  momentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las congestones &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; tráfico son un gran problema para los que&#xA;  trabajan en las grandes ciudades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I said, this difference is a bit forced and I think both sentences are used indistinctly... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: I'd personally go for the option 1.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-06-07T12:35:09.173" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T12:35:09.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3766" CreationDate="2013-06-07T14:30:34.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is which one is the object of the sentences, in the first one you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La congestión del tráfico&quot;, where &quot;traffic&quot; is the object and it is &quot;congested&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La congestión de tráfico&quot;, where &quot;the congested traffic&quot; is the object like in the answer of @MikO: &#xA;  &quot;Las congestiones de tráfico son un gran problema&quot; but I also believe they can be used indistinctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &quot;Traffic jam&quot; is more popular and less formal. If you meant this usage, a more adequate form in Spanish is &quot;Embotellamiento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1629" LastEditDate="2013-06-24T09:36:22.160" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T09:36:22.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3761" CreationDate="2013-06-07T15:18:19.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi todas las opciones son viables con las comas adecuadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana el paciente, restablecido y satisfecho, saldrá del hospital recientamente inaugurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente, satisfecho, saldrá del recientamente inaugurado hospital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paciente, restablecido y satisfecho, saldrá del hospital recientamente inaugurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente, saldrá del recientamente establecido hospital, satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente del hospital recientamente inaugurado, saldrá de allí satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El restablecido paciente, del recientamente inaugurado hospital, saldrá de allí satisfecho mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El satisfecho paciente, restablecido en el hospital recientamente inaugurado, saldrá de allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana el paciente, restablecido y satisfecho del recientamente inaugurado hospital, saldrá de allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T15:18:19.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3770" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3771" CreationDate="2013-06-07T17:38:45.367" Score="6" ViewCount="6749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between &quot;bailar&quot; and &quot;danzar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-22T06:16:56.477" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T07:31:36.570" Title="Word usage: difference between &quot;bailar&quot; and &quot;danzar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3770" CreationDate="2013-06-07T18:29:45.083" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning is the same but probably what changes is how it is applied. for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Vamos a ir a bailar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Ella va a a clase&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿De qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —De danza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We (Spanish speakers) usually use &quot;danza&quot; as the art, something with more structure and even more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;baile&quot; is way more informal and it is the one we use as a verb. We usually don't say &quot;Estoy danzando&quot;, we say &quot;Estoy bailando&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least here in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-22T06:18:46.650" LastActivityDate="2020-04-22T06:18:46.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3770" CreationDate="2013-06-07T22:28:17.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in most parts of Latinoamerica, &lt;strong&gt;danzar&lt;/strong&gt; is only for artistics purposes, for instance, people practicing &lt;strong&gt;classic dance&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile the verb &lt;strong&gt;bailar&lt;/strong&gt; is used for &lt;strong&gt;casual dance&lt;/strong&gt;, I mean whatever rhythm people are dancing (salsa, merengue, tango, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is perhaps a little different than English where you mostly use &lt;strong&gt;to dance&lt;/strong&gt; for everything related with this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are inviting a woman to dance in a party you better say: &lt;em&gt;¿quieres bailar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2020-04-22T05:23:46.150" LastActivityDate="2020-04-22T05:23:46.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="446" CreationDate="2013-06-08T11:48:06.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;At Spain, you'll hear people using different sounds for &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; if they grew on bilingual environments or families (talking Spanish and Catalan), since the Catalan language enforces the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that occurs exactly at Valencia, Cataluña and Balearic Islands. At those islands we also have a 'nice feature' (among others) where some people are unable to pronounce the 'ch' sound from Spanish words like &quot;chocolate&quot;, making it sound /xo/ like it sounds in the word &quot;shower&quot; in English :) This also comes from the different pronunciation of Catalan words containing ch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastActivityDate="2013-06-08T11:48:06.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3787" CreationDate="2013-06-08T16:47:17.887" Score="14" ViewCount="2143" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we can express the idea that something is not negative, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: What's in the box?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Oh, nothing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A: &lt;strong&gt;It's not nothing!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the double negative (&lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt;) conveys the idea that we are negating the &quot;noting&quot; said by person B.  In Spanish, though, double negatives don't work the same way.  A word-for-word translation would result in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: &lt;strong&gt;No es nada!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &quot;It is nothing&quot; not &quot;It is not nothing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same phenomenon is found in other contexts, as well, any time we would intentionally use a double negative to indicate a positive (as opposed to when a double-negative is unintentionally used, as is also often done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can one express the double-negative meaning that is present in the English original?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2020-03-22T12:40:05.640" Title="How does one say &quot;It's not nothing.&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2013-06-08T18:05:59.293" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @Alexis pointed out in his comment, the inflection is very important here. In fact, even your translation &lt;code&gt;&quot;No es nada&quot;&lt;/code&gt; could sound not too strange with the correct inflection...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I think I'd say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¿Cómo que nada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: No, algo hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: No, nada no es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-06-08T18:05:59.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3778" CreationDate="2013-06-10T01:25:57.403" Score="4" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;A native speaker in Colombia showed me a flower and told me it was called a &lt;em&gt;colegiala&lt;/em&gt;, but the only translation I can find is schoolgirl or female college student. Also, I haven't been able to find any reference to this type of flower online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone verify that &lt;em&gt;colegiala&lt;/em&gt; is also a flower?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1617" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:39:31.497" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T13:39:31.497" Title="Is &quot;colegiala&quot; a type of flower?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3777" CreationDate="2013-06-10T13:21:34.270" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems it's actually the name of a flower, although to be honest, this is the first time I heard about it (not that I'm particularly good at plants). It must be a local name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could find this link with a picture of the flower attached to it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infojardin.com/foro/showthread.php?t=299647&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.infojardin.com/foro/showthread.php?t=299647&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qOA6M.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Picture of the _Colegiala_ in case the link goes bad&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone could identify the plant and find its scientific name, we could perhaps contribute a myriad of other local names. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: A bit of further research gave me the names &lt;em&gt;Bignonia Rosea&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Fridericia chica&lt;/em&gt;, but as I said, I'm not exactly an authority in plants. Someone should verify that the plant above is actually the species mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2013-06-10T13:36:22.180" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T13:36:22.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-06-10T14:18:17.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá means &quot;maybe&quot; in the sense of uncertainty or doubt. One doesn't know whether something (good or bad) will happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Acaso&quot; has the connotation of &quot;in case of,&quot; and means &quot;maybe&quot; in the sense of &quot;risk;&quot; that is, there is a risk or chance that a (bad) thing will happen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T14:18:17.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3781" CreationDate="2013-06-10T15:13:55.273" Score="9" ViewCount="125947" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la expresión &quot;a poco&quot; usada en México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco sí?/¿A poco no? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco no has hecho la tarea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:43:16.693" LastActivityDate="2020-11-07T13:20:12.697" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;a poco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2013-06-10T15:34:38.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que comúnmente se utiliza para denotar sorpresa por un evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&quot;Saqué 10 en el examen de español&quot;  -&quot;¿A poco (sí)?, ¡Si ni siquiera estudiaste!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería el equivalente en México para el &quot;Shut up&quot; estadounidense cuando se utiliza como respuesta a una oración previamente dicha, como en el ejemplo anterior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cual sería el equivalente en otro idioma cuando se utiliza en una pregunta, como la de tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿A poco no has hecho la tarea?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ahí denota sorpresa, porque la tarea es muy larga y él aún no ha comenzado o porque generalmente es muy dedicado y por eso sorprende que aún no la haga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-02-17T16:31:13.783" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T16:31:13.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2013-06-10T16:11:56.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not all of what has been said previously, has been absolutely correct in terms of Tratar and Intentar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Probar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has a very clear difference and has been elucidated and made distinct very well. Probar is used for testing out, trying food, trying on clothes, for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tratar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is to try to do something, to attempt, have a go at, and also means to treat, as in the manner of behaviour you exhibit to a person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intentar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is to intend to, to mean to do something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a subtle difference, but with &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt;, to try to do something is to make the attempt (when used in the present tense), whereas with &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt;, it is to have the intention of doing it while used in the present tense, and not necessarily be engaged in actively doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Intentar&lt;/em&gt; in the present tense is more closely equivalent to &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; in the future tense (although there is a nuance and it is not entirely the same). For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I intend to go to the party&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;I will try to go to the party&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Intento ir a la fiesta&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Trataré de ir a la fiesta&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note Tratar requires the &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; after, Intentar does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How people actually use the verbs, however, is not necessarily reflective of their actual meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In simple terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Probar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = to test / try out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tratar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = to try (to do something) / to attempt / to treat (someone in a certain manner)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intentar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = to have the intent to / to mean to / to be going to be attempting to / to be expecting to be making the effort to do something with uncertainty as to the actual outcome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1619" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T20:58:12.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2013-06-10T19:54:57.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chupito in Spain and in Mexico are two VERY different meanings. I learned that word living in Spain and when I said it in Mexico on a resort they all started laughing. Turns out it's a sexual act there. In Cancun, Mexico they use the word &quot;caballito&quot; for a shot of alcohol. That was what I was told, but I'm sure the word shot would work just fine too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1620" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T19:54:57.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2013-06-10T20:16:02.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente se puede intercambiar por: &quot;en realidad&quot; o &quot;en verdad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T20:16:02.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3777" CreationDate="2013-06-10T21:38:06.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right, COLEGIALA is normally used to make reference to girl who's in Junior or High School(bachillerato), overall when she is wearing her uniform. I have to say it's a very formal way to say it. You could hear from someone to say: ALLÍ VA LA COLEGIALA CAMINANDO CON SUS LIBROS HACIA EL LICEO. It happens that in different LAT countries you can find the same plant but with a different name, usually this happens with flower-plants, so at the end, that name, colegiala, must be the popular name for that plant in Colombia, it's probable in other countries nearby, you could find the same plant but with a different local name! BTW the most common expression for COLEGIALA is: LA ESTUDIANTE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-12T14:10:54.880" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T14:10:54.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3670" CreationDate="2013-06-11T03:55:14.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, do not think about nouns as &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;female&lt;/em&gt;.  Nouns are either &lt;em&gt;masculine&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt;.  Most (but not all) nouns referring to male human beings and domestic animals are masculine, and most nouns referring to female human beings and domestic animals are feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the first rule: if the noun refers to a male domestic animal (&lt;em&gt;toro:&lt;/em&gt; bull), some male popular animal (&lt;em&gt;león:&lt;/em&gt; lion), or male human being (&lt;em&gt;papá:&lt;/em&gt; dad) the word is masculine.  Female counterparts (&lt;em&gt;vaca:&lt;/em&gt; cow, &lt;em&gt;leona:&lt;/em&gt; lioness, &lt;em&gt;mamá:&lt;/em&gt; mom) the word is feminine.  Exceptions are rare, and mostly slangy, such as &lt;em&gt;bombón&lt;/em&gt; (lollipop) used as slang for a beautiful woman (peach), is still a masculine word: &lt;em&gt;Ese bombón está muy bueno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the word has a declination ending in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;, then that declination is feminine and the other is masculine: &lt;em&gt;señor/señora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lobo/loba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;presidente/presidenta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;juez/jueza&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;modisto/modista&lt;/em&gt;.  However, sometimes the non-declined form (&lt;em&gt;presidente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;juez&lt;/em&gt;) can be both feminine and masculine.  This is particularly true with professions and titles that end in &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; or consonant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, other than human beings and some common animals, each noun is either masculine or feminine, with no relation to biological sex.  The general rules are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; are feminine.  Except:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-ista&lt;/em&gt; referring to a profession or ideological affiliation, which are both masculine and feminine: &lt;em&gt;un comunista/una comunista&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;un estilista/una estilista&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;un dadaista/una dadaista&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;strong&gt;except&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;un modisto/una modista&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nouns deriving from Greek ending in &lt;em&gt;-ma&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;poema&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;teorema&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;drama&lt;/em&gt;, etc. which are masculine.  Note that most of these words also exist in English, which may be a clue  (&lt;strong&gt;except&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;suma&lt;/em&gt;, which is feminine).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some particular exceptions such as &lt;em&gt;un día&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstract nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-sión&lt;/em&gt; are feminine. Non-abstract nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-ión&lt;/em&gt; are usually masculine (&lt;em&gt;camión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;avión&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-z&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; are feminine.  With several exceptions, such as &lt;em&gt;un lápiz&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;un alud&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el Talmud&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most other nouns are masculine, but beware the exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Proper nouns used as common nouns usually adopt the grammatical gender of the tacit accompanying common noun: &lt;em&gt;el Elba&lt;/em&gt; (for &lt;em&gt;el río Elba&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some nouns are gender ambiguous; that means that they can be masculine or feminine, according to dialect or stylistic preference.  Words such as &lt;em&gt;mar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;calor&lt;/em&gt; are masculine in most modern dialects (&lt;em&gt;el mar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el calor&lt;/em&gt;), however in some isolated conservative dialects (usually deemed uncultured), and in poetic language, they can adopt a feminine gender (&lt;em&gt;la mar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la calor&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some nouns have masculine and feminine variants with different meanings, such as &lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;la policía&lt;/em&gt; is the police force, and &lt;em&gt;el policía&lt;/em&gt; is a policeman. (however, a policewoman would be &lt;em&gt;la policía&lt;/em&gt; as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T05:51:27.100" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T05:51:27.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2013-06-11T11:11:36.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The former answer is correct, but I'll try to enter a litle bit more in detail as to why the confusion exists.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of nada requires in some some cases a double negation: &quot;No es nada&quot;, &quot;no me dijo nada&quot; etc. I cite DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuando [la palabra &quot;nada&quot;] va &lt;strong&gt;pospuesto&lt;/strong&gt; al verbo exige que este vaya en forma negativa, precedido del adverbio no, o, si no, que haya en la oración algún otro elemento negativo (jamás, nunca, nadie, etc.) [...] pero si va &lt;strong&gt;antepuesto&lt;/strong&gt; al verbo, este no debe ir en forma negativa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(what was already discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2715/no-verb-nada&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a double negative in English makes a sentence &quot;positive&quot; again. In Spanish, a double negation enforces the negation. Therefore one can say, the exact English double negation doesn't exist in Spanish. Solutions to express the same are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using &quot;nada&quot; before the verb (as it doesn't need the additional negation): &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No, nada no es&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make it immediately positive to avoid problems: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No, hay algo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the spoken form it's natural to me (and apparently people agree, looking at my comment) to say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No, no es nada&quot;(!)&lt;/strong&gt;. Although grammatically it is an error (somehow related to the meaning of &quot;nunca nadie&quot;?).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also using a different tone (which Alexis mentioned and which sounds natural to me) is grammatically wrong. Putting the emphasis on the word &quot;nada&quot; would make it sound as if it were empty, while the emphasis on &quot;no&quot; would (in the context of this conversation) negate the previous sentence and therefore mean that there is something or not nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/sentencestructure/a/double_negatives.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find an article on the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T21:06:30.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-11T11:17:14.353" Score="5" ViewCount="7913" Body="&lt;p&gt;La combinación &quot;Nunca nadie&quot; significa que &lt;em&gt;nunca hay alguien&lt;/em&gt;, al menos así lo usa la gente... Pero el significado gramatical será lo contrario, ¿verdad? ¿O hay alguna regla gramatical que dice que los dos se refuerzan en este caso (como el no...nadie)? Porque se podría entender, leyéndolo literalmente, como si en &lt;em&gt;ningún momento hay nadie&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿La RAE escribió algo de eso? Me sorprende que tan poca información hay sobre esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1363" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T13:42:32.123" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T01:17:45.163" Title="El significado de &quot;nunca nadie&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3788" CreationDate="2013-06-11T11:54:40.163" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no sé demasiado sobre reglas gramaticales, ya que no soy un ligüista ni nada parecido. Lo que puedo aportar es lo que sé sobre el uso normal del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como yo lo entiendo, en español las dobles negaciones no significan una afirmación, por lo tanto decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; hay &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos indicar cuándo es que no hay nadie en casa, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; hay &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; en casa &lt;em&gt;ahora mismo&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;por las mañanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si queremos indicar que el hecho de que no haya nadie en casa se produce continuamente, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; hay &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; en casa &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, en este último caso hay hasta 3 negaciones en la misma frase, pero no se anulan entre sí, sino que se refuerzan. La palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en este caso hace referencia a que el hecho es continuo en el tiempo, y como se trata de una frase negativa usamos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en lugar de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés se utiliza la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ever&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para indicar lo mismo, ya que en inglés no se puede utilizar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; poque en inglés las dobles negaciones sí indican afirmación...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nadie&lt;/strong&gt; ha podido abrir esa puerta. &lt;em&gt;=Nobody has been able to open that door.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En los últimos años &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; ha podido abrir esa puerta. &lt;em&gt;=In recent years nobody has been able to open that door.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Nunca nadie&lt;/strong&gt; ha podido abrir esa puerta. &lt;em&gt;=Nobody has ever been able to open that door.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae/gestores/gespub000018.nsf/%28voAnexos%29/arch8100821B76809110C12571B80038BA4A/%24File/CuestionesparaelFAQdeconsultas.htm#ap8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Algo de información&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;strong&gt;R.A.E.&lt;/strong&gt; al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-06-11T13:33:23.843" LastActivityDate="2013-06-11T13:33:23.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3791" CreationDate="2013-06-12T01:48:34.117" Score="7" ViewCount="9368" Body="&lt;p&gt;My friend and I were discussing 'carne mechada' - I've only ever heard the word in conversation and I thought it meant 'mixed' but according to our google searching it's a little more specific. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me how the term 'carne mechada' is really used, what does mechada mean in context and does it have any slang usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1626" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-06-12T08:27:10.750" LastActivityDate="2020-10-15T21:38:01.687" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;carne mechada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3790" CreationDate="2013-06-12T06:58:00.373" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it has any slang usage. It's a way, actually two, of preparing meat:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/mechar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mechar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to introduce fat in the meat prior to cooking it&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. So, &lt;em&gt;carne mechada&lt;/em&gt; would be meat cooked with fat inserted in it. But that's a very strict definition. I think other things are inserted, too, not just fat. So in that case it would be &quot;stuffed meat&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is also be carne &quot;en mechas&quot;, a way of preparing some beef cuts which, after cooking them, are shredded into &quot;threads&quot; of meat and served in different ways: with tomato sauce, in arepas, with rice... &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa_vieja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;See Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T14:07:41.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3790" CreationDate="2013-06-12T12:41:07.050" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You stuff things (normally fat, but also ham, nuts...) into &lt;em&gt;carne mechada&lt;/em&gt; with an &lt;em&gt;aguja de mechar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;barding needle&quot; or &lt;em&gt;lardoir&lt;/em&gt;) like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LZtEY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Completing &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3791/1149&quot;&gt;@MikMik's answer&lt;/a&gt;, I must say that in my part of the world (western Andalusia), the &lt;em&gt;carne mechada&lt;/em&gt; (usually pork loin) isn't normally stuffed nor shreded into threads, just cooked with certain seasonings and condiments, while still retaining the name &lt;em&gt;mechada&lt;/em&gt; (pronounced &lt;em&gt;mechá&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T12:41:07.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3793" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3794" CreationDate="2013-06-13T02:26:11.177" Score="2" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;English: He &quot;gives off&quot; a strange vibe.&#xA;Español: Él se &quot;desprende&quot; extraño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1628" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-06-13T08:29:03.720" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T04:35:55.690" Title="Can &quot;desprenderse&quot; be used to imply the English phrase &quot;to give off&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3793" CreationDate="2013-06-13T03:40:25.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is closer to &quot;give away&quot;&#xA;In your example, give off, could be translated to &quot;emana&quot; o &quot;genera&quot;&#xA;English: He gives off a strange vibe. Español: Él emana/genera una extraña influencia/sensación&#xA;(note: added a suggested translation for vibe, although it is slang, so could be localized and have many options for translation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could think that &quot;desprender&quot; is a more conscious act, like &quot;give away&quot; that you chose when to do, while &quot;give off&quot; can happen any time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desprender&quot; is a verb indicating something is getting separated from something else, so it is technically correct, but not close to what the English phrase meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T03:40:25.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3796" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-14T17:17:44.293" Score="9" ViewCount="38497" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was in the Dominican Republic, I heard men referred to as &lt;strong&gt;tigres&lt;/strong&gt;... I took it to mean that they were flirts, but I never really got a good definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain how calling a man a 'tigre' would translate into English? In Dominican slang or otherwise!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1626" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-17T07:39:41.447" LastActivityDate="2021-02-17T09:06:14.560" Title="What is the slang meaning of 'tigre' in Dominican Republic?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2013-06-14T18:35:05.250" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a Dominican slang &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thatsdominican.com/dominican-lingo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TIGUERE or Tigre (Tee-gur-eh): n. noun.,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Literal meaning “tiger”.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. A street corner hustler.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. A street smart character, smart-ass&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="734" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T21:19:04.197" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T21:19:04.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4348" CreationDate="2013-06-15T14:35:22.563" Score="2" ViewCount="3195" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé lo que dice el RAE sobre la palabra. Sobre los animales y sobre la chapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando alguien me dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Chepe, estabas engatillado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso ¿qué quiere decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión viene de Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T00:21:28.110" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T00:21:28.110" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;engatillado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3798" CreationDate="2013-06-18T00:04:45.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible que tenga que ver con estar presionado, relacionado al gatillo del arma, o que no se tiene otra opción ante algún problema.&#xA;¿Hay algún ejemplo con contexto disponible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T00:20:56.640" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T00:20:56.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3802" CreationDate="2013-06-18T04:34:57.373" Score="9" ViewCount="4804" Body="&lt;p&gt;In United States, a telephone conversation usually starts like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me: [Calls John]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John: Hello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me: Hi, John. It's Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is between 2 people that are familiar with each other, but not so familiar that they can identify each other by their voices. Hence, it is necessary to say who you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is the last sentence translated into Mexican Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es José.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy José.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me llamo José.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T09:08:08.577" Title="How do you introduce yourself on the phone?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;conversación-telefónica&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3800" CreationDate="2013-06-18T05:59:17.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Number 2 is a common way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more formal way would be: &lt;code&gt;Habla José&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-06-18T05:59:17.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3800" CreationDate="2013-06-18T06:59:00.730" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es José&quot; is grammatically wrong. It seems like a word-by-word translation from English. I don't know if it is used somewhere, but here in Spain it sounds completely wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me llamo José&quot; could be used when calling an unknown person. Like if you are a sales rep or something, and you want to introduce yourself: &quot;me llamo José y le llamo de la compañía X...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy José&quot; is perfectly fine, and I would say it's the common way in Spain. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learn-spanish-smart.com/polite-phone-spanish.html&quot;&gt;This site says that &quot;Habla José&quot; is the polite way in Mexico&lt;/a&gt;, as Efren said too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2013-06-18T06:59:00.730" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3577" CreationDate="2013-06-18T16:28:54.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Derecho a afearles&quot; es un Sintagma Nominal que funciona como Complemento Directo de &quot;tienes&quot;. &quot;A afearles&quot; es un Sintagma Preposicional complemento de &quot;derecho&quot;. &quot;Afearles&quot; es una sustantiva término de la preposición &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1643" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-06-19T08:10:31.750" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T08:10:31.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3827" CreationDate="2013-06-20T16:40:51.493" Score="3" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between &quot;&lt;strong&gt;estar inquieto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;estar preocupado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they referring to different degrees of worry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Could you please verify the differences in meaning between the sentences below?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Estás &lt;strong&gt;inquieto&lt;/strong&gt; por la mañana?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Estás &lt;strong&gt;preocupado&lt;/strong&gt; por la mañana?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2013-06-26T15:47:12.917" LastActivityDate="2013-06-26T22:12:41.947" Title="Word usage: &quot;estar inquieto&quot; y &quot;estar preocupado&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3800" CreationDate="2013-06-20T16:57:30.050" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you should greet the person picking up the phone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Good morning / afternoon / evening&quot; - which ever applies&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Buenos días / Buenas tardes / Buenas noches&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you tell them who you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My name is José&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es José&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then why you're calling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1650" LastEditorUserId="1629" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T09:08:08.577" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T09:08:08.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3805" CreationDate="2013-06-20T17:01:02.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes there is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being &quot;preocupado&quot; is being worried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being &quot;inquieto&quot; has more to do with being anxious due to worryness&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &quot;inquieto&quot; for someone who's always doing things, like a kid with a lot of energy. &quot;That kid is 'inquieto'&quot; &quot;Ese niño es inquieto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1650" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T17:01:02.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3805" CreationDate="2013-06-20T17:14:59.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a difference. In addition to what sanchy said, &lt;em&gt;inquieto&lt;/em&gt; can also mean curious. For example, to have an &lt;em&gt;inquietud&lt;/em&gt; means to have a desire about something therefore to want to make a move and not be quiet and to be &lt;em&gt;inquieto&lt;/em&gt; means to be in a state of desire to do something about what's in your mind or heart. In that sense is similar to &lt;em&gt;preocupado&lt;/em&gt; but you're not worried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1651" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-06-21T17:01:39.983" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T17:01:39.983" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2013-06-20T19:23:02.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I'd say it has a positve connotation. Calling someone 'tigre' is a friendly and casual way of praising someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine two friends randomly meeting on the street:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué pasa, tigre? ¿Qué haces tú por aquí?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and/or maybe cheering him up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine a soccer player that has spent the whole match sitting on the bench; now his coach picks him to play the last 10 minutes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡Vamos, tigre! ¡A por ellos!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1088" LastEditorUserId="8819" LastEditDate="2018-10-11T01:35:53.467" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T01:35:53.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3811" CreationDate="2013-06-21T09:00:25.260" Score="-1" ViewCount="2539" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a Spanish-language curriculum vitae, I came across the item &lt;em&gt;Natural de:&lt;/em&gt;, which I don't understand.  It is in the &quot;Personal Data&quot; section (&lt;em&gt;Datos personales&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1653" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-21T18:17:09.757" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T22:05:15.260" Title="Exact meaning of &quot;natural de&quot; in a curriculum vitae?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3810" CreationDate="2013-06-21T11:25:37.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Natural de... -Country-&quot; - Means he is native from such country/city/whatever&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Btw, it's not &quot;Dator&quot; but &quot;Datos&quot; - meaining Data or Information&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, &quot;Formación&quot; is related to the education or training he's had. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're welcome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1650" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T11:25:37.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3810" CreationDate="2013-06-21T21:02:32.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por favor, consulta como mínimo el diccionario de la RAE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/Natural&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/Natural&lt;/a&gt;) antes de preguntar aqui.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda acepción es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.2. adj. Nativo de un pueblo o nación. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T22:05:15.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3817" CreationDate="2013-06-22T17:43:16.633" Score="6" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Fénix — muy raro aún en inglés.  Cuando me presento a la gente en Suramérica, a menudo se malinterpreta mi nombre como &quot;Felix&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, me he acostumbrado presentarme así:  &quot;Soy Fénix, como el ave.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez lo hago, la otra persona ríe... pero entiende mi nombre correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué la gente ríe cuando me presento como, &quot;Fénix, como el ave&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-04T01:36:57.317" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T14:57:41.920" Title="¿Por qué la gente se ríe cuando me presento como &quot;Fénix, como el ave&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3788" CreationDate="2013-06-24T03:57:56.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al igual que @MikO, tampoco soy lingüista, pero te puedo decir que esa combinación de &quot;Nunca nadie&quot; al igual que &quot;No (*) nadie&quot; también sirve para reforzar lo que se dice y no anula el sentido. Es casi lo mismo que decir &quot;Nadie jamás ...&quot; ambas tienen connotación negativa, sin embargo solo se refuerzan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1660" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T03:57:56.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-24T04:02:19.727" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser por varios motivos dependiendo de la región en la que te encuentres, pero por lo general puede sonar un tanto homosexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1660" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T04:02:19.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2013-06-24T04:21:56.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived in the Dominican Republic for a couple of years and I heard it used in a few different instances (used both in negative and jokingly positive ways):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Troublemakers in the street (members of gangs, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prankster&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scoundrel&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bold or daring person (men mostly)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also occasionally used with women ('tigra'), but not as often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1661" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T21:27:28.353" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T21:27:28.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-24T05:39:36.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, puede sonar algo gracioso, el hecho de decir la frase en un estilo que tiene un tono teatral. Quizás probando una sutil diferencia, como &lt;code&gt;Mi nombre es Fénix, como el ave&lt;/code&gt;, o haciendo notar que ya sabes que no es común &lt;code&gt;Mi nombre es Fénix, sí, como el ave&lt;/code&gt;. De todos modos me parece bueno que como primera impresión la gente siempre sonría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T05:39:36.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-24T11:31:38.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La gente ríe porque simplemente le causa gracia. No es una ofensa, tomatelo con humor :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People laugh simply because they find it funny. It's not an offense, take it with humor :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1650" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-25T06:16:20.823" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T06:16:20.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-24T13:10:51.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;:D lol, me parece muy divertido! de solo imaginarme cuando te presentas pero te aconsejo no te sientas mal, ni lo tomes como ofensa.  Quizás sea un poco del humor &quot;sudamericano&quot; ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T13:10:51.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-25T08:32:12.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que el efecto cómico se debe a la significación de la palabra ´ave´, la cual no es ya la misma cosa que el latín &lt;em&gt;avis&lt;/em&gt;. Según un diccionario que tengo al alcance, ´ave´ es algo como ´poultry´, y ´bird´ es ´pájaro´ como en ´el pájaro que voló´ para un cantante peruano Lisandro Mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Porque no dice usted ´como un pájaro de fuego´, o ´como un nebí/neblí/halcón/tagarote/terzuelo/ulive´? Todas las palabras significan la misma cosa: el halcón, o 'the falcon/hauk/tiercel'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El /x/ castellano no es más dificil a articular que el mismo sonido en el escocés (por ejemplo, en la palabra ´licht´).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1291" LastEditDate="2013-06-25T08:42:49.333" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T08:42:49.333" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-25T11:47:18.587" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se ríen porque es gracioso. Si quieres evitarlo, otra manera de presentarte sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;mdash; Me llamo Fénix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;mdash; ¿Felix?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;mdash; No, Fé&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;ix. Con ene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-11-04T00:10:01.863" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T00:10:01.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2013-06-25T21:28:17.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi amigo me sugirió que tal vez la gente me malinterprete cuando digo &quot;como el ave&quot; — tal vez ella oiga &quot;como&quot; como la forma de &quot;comer&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hola!  Soy Fénix, yo como el ave!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user682" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T21:28:17.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3823" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3824" CreationDate="2013-06-26T03:47:31.657" Score="1" ViewCount="1057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen it in a few places now, most recently in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3722/palabra-correcta-para-describir-la-accion-de-solicitar#comment6067_3723&quot;&gt;this comment&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a mi también me suena mejor, pero la RAE no tiene &quot;acción de solicitar&quot; como un significado de &quot;solicitud&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I googled &lt;em&gt;suena&lt;/em&gt; and the results indicated that it was a conjugation of &lt;em&gt;sonar&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;to sound&lt;/em&gt;. I didn't think that made much sense in context (from what I can tell anyway; I could very well be wrong) and I'd seen a lot of people linking to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/Natural&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt; around here, so I decided to try that too. I didn't understand a lot of what it said (I'm still learning!) but I definitely got the &quot;conjugation of &lt;em&gt;sonar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, since it seems that is indeed what it means, can anyone please explain this phrase to me? If I understand correctly from context it should mean something like &quot;I think so too&quot;...  &lt;em&gt;A mi también&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to me as well&quot;, right? So is it all one compound phrase meaning &quot;I think this is right as well&quot;? Or what does it mean, and is the &lt;em&gt;sonar&lt;/em&gt; definition the correct one or does it also have another meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T23:23:26.757" Title="Meaning of &quot;me suena mejor&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3823" CreationDate="2013-06-26T04:19:50.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me suena mejor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;it sounds better to me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you found out for yourself, &lt;em&gt;suena&lt;/em&gt; is a conjugation of the verb &lt;em&gt;sonar&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;to sound&lt;/em&gt;. In fact &lt;em&gt;suena&lt;/em&gt; is the third-person singular, meaning &lt;em&gt;he/she/it sounds&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the rest of the phrase; the (first person) personal pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object of the sentence, so &lt;em&gt;it sounds better &lt;strong&gt;to me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you're right that &lt;em&gt;a mi también&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to me too/also&lt;/em&gt;. So the full phrase in that quote means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;it sounds better to me, too&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="1553" LastEditDate="2013-06-26T05:33:41.710" LastActivityDate="2013-06-26T05:33:41.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3841" CreationDate="2013-06-26T17:00:03.510" Score="18" ViewCount="60908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently went to Barcelona and found that the people there speak Catalan, not Spanish. Although some words seem to be common in both Spanish and Catalan, the accents appeared to be different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the major differences between Spanish and Catalan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1667" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-02T12:55:10.697" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T12:57:22.810" Title="Difference between Spanish and Catalan" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;catalán&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-02-26T16:05:31.550" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2013-06-26T18:56:04.553" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I won't go into details about the linguisitcs (experts in that domain will do a far better job), but just consider my own experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm French, and I've been living in Barcelona for 10 years. When I arrived here, I knew nothing about Catalan, but I had close to no problem understanding it when written, thanks to the knowledge of both languages (native in Fench and intermediate in Spanish). Some other latin friends of mine (Italian or Portuguese speakers) share more or less the same experience. It's harder for non-latin language speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, understanding Catalan when spoken is a totally different thing, and knowing back then French and Spanish was not of much help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've not been to any Catalan class, but after 10 years, you get pretty much used to it. I understand it without any issue, and I kind of manage to speak it (but I never found myself in a situation where it was a necessity).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, Catalan and Spanish are totally different languages, specially orally. However, they are close enough for a Spanish/French/Italian/Portuguese speaker to understand without much trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-06-27T07:49:07.360" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T07:49:07.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3805" CreationDate="2013-06-26T22:12:41.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's quite hard to verify the differences in meaning between the sentences above because &quot;estar inquieto/preocupado&quot; shouldn't be a constant in someone's life . But I'm gonna try to use two other sentences as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Estoy inquieto por el examen&quot;&#xA;&quot;Estoy preocupado por el examen&quot; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first one you are anxious about your test, it wasn't really hard/you now you knew the answers for most of the questions/etc. so you are not worried to fail, however you don't know for sure and you would like to now your grade as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second one, you are definitly worried. Either the test was really hard o your final note depens on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Inquieto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; however could mean more things like &quot;misbehaving&quot; as the others have answered&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastActivityDate="2013-06-26T22:12:41.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2013-06-27T02:37:02.600" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish. For us Spaniards, Catalan is understandable. The languages are different but pretty close. With a little imagination you can guess the meaning of most words. If you happen to know some French, that will definitely help too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problems may arise when it comes to understand native speakers, speaking full-speed, because the accent is very different. But if they speak slowly, you can easily understand them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1669" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T02:37:02.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3830" CreationDate="2013-06-27T03:14:15.993" Score="2" ViewCount="716" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to make it clear that I intend &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to mean &lt;code&gt;&quot;You, vacuum the bedroom&quot;&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;&quot;He vacuums the bedroom&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Adding &lt;code&gt;¡!&lt;/code&gt; around the sentence would certainly turn it into a command, but I am afraid that the exclamations denote anger. In English, exclamation marks around a command usually denote anger or anxiety. I wonder if it is the same in Spanish. I want it to be a casual instruction, not an anxious command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T09:54:08.233" Title="Does the exclamation mark denote anger when used with a command?" Tags="&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3829" CreationDate="2013-06-27T03:30:26.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on context, really. Exclamations do not necessarily denote anger, but it might indeed imply too much emphasis for a casual instruction. Some alternatives that remove the ambiguity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan, pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor, pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes pasar la aspiradora en el dormitorio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te encargo que pases la aspiradora en el dormitorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T03:30:26.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3835" CreationDate="2013-06-27T04:09:54.797" Score="3" ViewCount="1939" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of &lt;code&gt;burris&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE and Google are no help.  It seems to be a very slang term, and from context it relates to humor or sarcasm.  It may be a Mexican term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T17:56:19.667" Title="Definition of &quot;burris&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3832" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3834" CreationDate="2013-06-27T05:25:49.123" Score="0" ViewCount="1024" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, you can command yourself for encouragement. For example, when you're lifting weights in the gym, you can yell at yourself, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://instagram.com/p/a-oAXRIh-Q/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Focus!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Come on! Do it!&quot;. However, in Spanish, the first-person imperative is always left blank in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/enfocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugation tables&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-        enfoquemos&#xA;enfoca   enfocad&#xA;enfoque  enfoquen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do you encourage yourself in sporting competitions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T13:41:02.213" Title="How do you conjugate the first-person imperative?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2013-06-27T16:27:59.787" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3832" CreationDate="2013-06-27T07:54:44.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You just use the second-person imperative, since you actually are speaking to someone (and that someone happens to be you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example sentence would then be translated to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Céntrate! ¡Venga! ¡Hazlo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-06-27T13:41:02.213" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T13:41:02.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3832" CreationDate="2013-06-27T07:57:36.570" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no first person singular imperative, that's why it doesn't appear in conjugation tables. I would even bet there isn't one in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do you encourage yourself? By talking to yourself in the second person:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Céntrate! ¡Hazlo! ¡Corre!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T07:57:36.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2013-06-27T17:44:59.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's like a colloquial diminutive form of &lt;strong&gt;burro&lt;/strong&gt; used in Mexico. It is used primarily to doesn't sound too harsh and is mainly used by women. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;menso -&gt; mensis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tonto -&gt; tontis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;burro -&gt; burris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-06-27T17:56:19.667" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T17:56:19.667" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3829" CreationDate="2013-06-27T20:04:30.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio&quot;&lt;/code&gt; without the exclamation marks because it is an instruction, not an order. Usually, orders go with exclamation marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T10:42:40.040" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T10:42:40.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3788" CreationDate="2013-06-27T23:43:06.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca&lt;/strong&gt; es un adverbio de tiempo y significa &lt;strong&gt;en ningún tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; (jamás).&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nadie&lt;/strong&gt; es un pronombre indefinido y significa &lt;strong&gt;ninguna persona&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto la conjunción de los dos viene a decir que &lt;em&gt;ninguna persona y en ningún tiempo&lt;/em&gt;. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;nunca nadie ha ido a Marte&lt;/em&gt;. Si bien se han enviado sondas espaciales, no se han enviado personas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede decirse que hay una redundancia puesto que si decimos &lt;em&gt;nadie ha ido a marte&lt;/em&gt; se debe sobreentender que es en tiempo alguno. Pero no que una niegue a la otra dado que se refieren a tiempo (nunca) y a persona (nadie).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T23:43:06.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3839" CreationDate="2013-06-28T14:20:34.317" Score="2" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me podría explicar qué rol tiene el ‘si’ en la conversación a continuación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Tengo un hambre que me comería una vaca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Pero, por favor, &lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt; acabamos de desayunar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de contestar mi pregunta, si podéis corregir mis errores también, lo agradecería mucho! Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T23:46:28.093" Title="¿Alguien me podría explicar qué rol tiene el ‘si’ en la conversación a continuación?" Tags="&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3838" CreationDate="2013-06-28T15:02:08.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para expresar protesta o sorpresa por algo que ha dicho el interlocutor. Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL#17a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el punto 1.7.a del artículo sobre «si» del Diccionario Pahnhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; En oraciones exclamativas, para expresar protesta o sorpresa ante&#xA;  lo dicho por el interlocutor: &lt;em&gt;—Podías haberme avisado de que hoy venía&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;el inspector. —¡Pero si me acabo de enterar!; —Mi hija se casa este&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;verano. —¡Si es casi una niña!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, lo más parecido es el &lt;em&gt;but&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;But we just had breakfast!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;But I just found out!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;But she's almost a girl!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2013-06-28T23:46:28.093" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T23:46:28.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3823" CreationDate="2013-06-28T15:45:44.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may be useful to review a few items that seem to have tripped you up.  You have &lt;code&gt;sonar&lt;/code&gt; correct in that it means 'to sound'.  I believe your confusion surrounds the indirect object pronoun and the personal 'a' in 'a mi también'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/17&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; and may help clarify these elements for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EXAMPLE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me compró una rosa a mí. (He bought a rose for me.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EXPLANATION&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me compró - the verb in this segment is 'comprar' - to buy.  This is the 3rd person preterite (past).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'Me' is the first person singular indirect object pronoun as seen in this chart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            Singular                             Plural&#xA;1st person  me (to/for me)                       nos (to/for us)&#xA;2nd person  te (to/for you informal)             os (to/for you informal)&#xA;3rd person  le (to/for you formal, him, her, it) les (to/for them, you formal) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using the indirect object you can think of it as 'to' or 'for' something or someone.  In this case the 'Me compró...' can be read as 'He bought for me...'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase 'una rosa' is, as stated, 'a rose'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the 'a mí' is a clarifying phrase called the 'indirect object phrase'.  It is necessary because, without, it may not be clear to whom we are referring.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To illustrate imagine this slight change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le compró una rosa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referring to the chart you can see that we are now referring to the 3rd person singular, le, but is it obvious to whom we are referring?  In short, no.  Any of the following is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Le compró una rosa *a ella*.&#xA;Le compró una rosa *a Sarah*.&#xA;Le compró una rosa *a su madre*.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realize, then, that while it is not strictly required to include the indirect object phrases it is useful to clarify the sentence.  Also, when you do include it you must include the 'a' to be grammatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this clarifies these two points for you a bit and you understand better the original question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T15:45:44.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2013-06-28T16:04:03.640" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;Catalan is definitely a whole separate language, as in not a dialect of Spanish. It is significantly different. It sounds a bit of mix of Spanish, French and Italian, and in fact it's closer to the latter two than to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Wikipedia article for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Catalan&lt;/a&gt; has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language#Lexical_comparison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comparison of these languages&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Qg4x.png&quot; alt=&quot;Lexical comparison among Romance languages&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="890" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T18:27:37.033" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T18:27:37.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3844" CreationDate="2013-06-28T20:55:44.347" Score="3" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi amigo de España me escribió la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El código, con el que haces las prácticas, es tan fácil de leer que de escribir. &lt;strong&gt;Creía&lt;/strong&gt; que despues de pasar el exámen para entrar en el trabajo sería pan comido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando le pregunté por qué se utilizó 'creía', me respondió: es como 'I guess'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si eso es verdad, ¿Cuándo y en qué contextos se utiliza así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastActivityDate="2013-06-29T11:04:47.403" Title="¿Cuándo se utiliza 'creía' en el mismo sentido como 'supongo'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3842" CreationDate="2013-06-28T21:07:32.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sería en realidad un &lt;code&gt;&quot;I thought&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El código, con el que haces las prácticas, es tan fácil de leer que de escribir. Pensé que después de pasar el exámen para entrar en el trabajo sería pan comido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-06-28T21:16:39.270" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T21:16:39.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3842" CreationDate="2013-06-28T23:38:06.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que en esa frase, el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;creer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene el sentido de &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;suponer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;dar por sentado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho, creo que el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;suponer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; podría ser incluso más apropiado para este caso. Por lo tanto, pienso que traducirlo usando el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;guess&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es perfectamente válido, aunque debería ser en pasado (&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;guessed&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos fijamos en las definiciones del diccionario de la R.A.E., podemos ver que uno de los significados de &lt;code&gt;creer&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;suponer&lt;/code&gt; es muy similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/creer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Creer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Tener algo por verosímil o probable&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/suponer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Suponer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Dar por sentado y existente algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos en los que &lt;code&gt;creer&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;suponer&lt;/code&gt; son intercambiables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo/Supongo que vendrá a la fiesta de mañana.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Creía/Suponía que el trabajo estaría terminado hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos en los que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; son intercambiables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Crees en Jesucristo?&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No pude creerlo hasta que lo vi con mis propios ojos.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es tan ingenua que cree todo lo que le dicen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, hay un error en la frase anterior, que debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... es tan fácil de leer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de escribir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-06-29T11:04:47.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2013-06-29T05:08:26.077" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say Catalan is as different from Spanish as Galician is, but not as much as Basque, a language completely incomprehensible to Romance-language speakers due to having different roots. But I can understand why you may have been confused initially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastEditorUserId="1587" LastEditDate="2013-07-01T18:22:54.920" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T18:22:54.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="457" CreationDate="2013-06-30T01:04:04.910" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The noun 'bistec' (derived from, and meaning the same as, English 'beefsteak') has a plural that LOOKS regular in orthography: 'bisteces'. However, the pronunciation has an odd change. The singular ends in the /k/ sound which changes to the /s/ sound (or /th/ sound in Spain) in the plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1675" LastActivityDate="2013-06-30T01:04:04.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3848" CreationDate="2013-06-30T23:54:41.707" Score="3" ViewCount="598" Body="&lt;p&gt;When capitalizing, such as in a song title, which is the proper form of capitalization?  I have seen both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LLueve en Mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llueve en Mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T08:15:44.490" Title="Capitalization of 'LL'" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-12-24T09:56:29.273" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3847" CreationDate="2013-07-01T00:37:03.683" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You only capitalize the first L.  It's a common mistake to capitalize both.  The same applies with &quot;ch&quot;, which is capitalized &quot;Ch&quot;. Additionally, since 2010 &quot;elle&quot; and &quot;che&quot; are no longer considered letters in Spanish. I've been told that in the past the rule was different, which is why many people capitalize both.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2GTxUFfOGD6Ofbt6q3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2GTxUFfOGD6Ofbt6q3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T08:15:44.490" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T08:15:44.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3849" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3851" CreationDate="2013-07-01T03:26:32.150" Score="3" ViewCount="1173" Body="&lt;p&gt;To help improve my Spanish, I plan on watching a TV show I know really well in English with Spanish audio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have English subtitles that match the video really well and Spanish subtitles that have the correct timing, but the wording doesn't match up very well at all. The meaning is the same but the wordage is completely different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it more beneficial to use the English or Spanish subtitles if I have trouble following Spanish audio by itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1678" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T10:19:19.657" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T10:19:19.657" Title="Watch TV Show with English or lower quality Spanish Subtitles" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3850" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3852" CreationDate="2013-07-01T10:36:01.253" Score="5" ViewCount="15283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Utilizo &quot;se debe&quot; y &quot;se debería&quot; de forma cotidiana pero sigo sin entender la diferencia entre ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Se debe realizar los siguientes cambios ...&#xA;Se debería realizar los siguientes cambios ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se debe realizar este cambio hasta ...&#xA;No se debería realizar este cambio hasta ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo la sensación que es el equivalente de decir:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Should/Must&#xA;Should not/Must not&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no estoy seguro. ¿Alguien me puede explicar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1679" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T17:14:45.687" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T05:51:38.913" Title="Como utilizar mejor &quot;se debe/se debería&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3849" CreationDate="2013-07-01T10:50:22.553" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on you, but in my experience learning English, watching videos with English audio and Spanish subtitles is not very useful for me, because I always end up paying attention to the subtitles only and not to the audio, which is actually the most important part... I can only get the last few words of each sentence, once I finish reading the subtitles!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I definitely prefer English audio and English subtitles, even if the wording is not totally correct, which by the way happens almost always... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in the case that the subtitles are so different that they are completely unuseful, my suggestion would be to look for another TV show... there must be many with correct subtitles!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And lastly, if you are so determined to watch a concrete TV show, you can always try to look for better subtitles on the web, for example in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensubtitles.org/es&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;opensubtitles.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-07-01T12:54:36.483" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T12:54:36.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3850" CreationDate="2013-07-01T12:00:37.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando dices &quot;se debe&quot; estás diciendo que no hay otra opción, es casi una orden. Cuando dices &quot;se debería&quot; estás sugiriendo algo, dejándo tu opinión a consideración sobre lo que se debe hacer. Normalmente, &quot;se debería&quot; es más cortés, lo puedes usar cuando no quieres imponer tu opinión sino llegar a un consenso. Si estás hablando con tus jefes o alguien &quot;superior&quot; normalmente debes usar &quot;se debería&quot;, algunos podrían tomar a mal &quot;se debe&quot; en este contexto.&#xA;En una reunión con colegas también sería mejor visto usar &quot;se debería&quot;. Si estás dando instrucciones a otra persona, usa &quot;se debe&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T12:00:37.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3853" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3856" CreationDate="2013-07-01T21:21:13.880" Score="5" ViewCount="12258" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Spanish and was wondering when I need to use 'pero' in a sentence vs 'sino'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen both these words used in sentences and I am confused on when to use which.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-02T04:17:16.757" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T09:00:32.550" Title="Usage of pero vs sino" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3853" CreationDate="2013-07-02T03:16:39.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The word &quot;pero&quot; is used to expand or oppose a concept. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Puedes dormir tarde &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; el otro dia tendrás sueño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El puede venir &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; debe traer algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In case of word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sino&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, is used to oppose a concept to another previous negative.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For Example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No es que no quiera que venga &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sino&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que venga otro día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No lo hizo ella &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sino&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que lo hizo el.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Well, I hope this help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1681" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-02T04:16:48.943" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T04:16:48.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3853" CreationDate="2013-07-02T04:02:03.270" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a conjunction, and is used exactly the same as &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt;, except that it is used in cases of negation.  It can be thought to roughly translate to the English terms &lt;strong&gt;however&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;rather&lt;/strong&gt;, but is more specific than the English terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt;, there must be a negative word (such as &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;) preceding the conjunction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want to go to the movies, rather/however/but I want to go home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quiero ir al cine, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; quiero ir a mi casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The dog is not brown, but/however/rather black.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro no es marrón, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T13:10:59.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3853" CreationDate="2013-07-02T17:21:56.700" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The confusion for English speakers can arise because &quot;pero&quot; and &quot;sino&quot; both translate to &quot;but&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tiene una camisa, &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt; no es roja.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   He has a shirt, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; it's not red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No he venido a ser servido, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; a servir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I haven't come to be served, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; to serve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sino&quot; follows a negative assertion, to provide &lt;strong&gt;instead&lt;/strong&gt; the &quot;right&quot; (positive) alternative. (&quot;Not that, but this&quot; . &quot;No aquello, sino esto&quot;). &quot;Pero&quot; just joins two sentences that are sowewhat opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sino&quot; can often be translated as &lt;strong&gt;instead&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;rather&lt;/strong&gt; (where these words function as &quot;but&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sino&quot; is a more connected conjuntion: the words that follow complete the sentence, it's syntactically related and it's contruction depends on the opening. By contrast, &quot;Pero&quot; opens a new independent clause. See the above examples. Quick rule: only before a &quot;pero&quot; we can replace the comma by a semicolon or a period (&quot;Él tiene una camisa. Pero no es roja.&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/conjunctions/a/sino_pero.htm&quot;&gt;More info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-07-03T18:43:28.173" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T18:43:28.173" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3849" CreationDate="2013-07-02T18:18:43.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience (symmetric case, native Spanish speaker wishing to improve his English), and assumming a decent knowlodge of vocabulary and grammar (so that the main issue to exercise is listening), I slightly prefer to use subtitles not in the movie audio language but in &quot;my&quot; native language (Spanish in my case, English in yours), so that I mentally translate from english-audio to english-text using the spanish text as a hint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T18:18:43.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3904" CreationDate="2013-07-02T16:55:44.610" Score="1" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translations for the linguistic term &quot;WORD FORMS&quot; in Google Translate and PONS.EU into Spanish are more or less the same &quot;Formas de Palabras&quot;, but this translation doesn't seem to have the same sense that it has in English (See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_%28linguistics%29#Lexemes_and_word_forms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for an explanation and definition of this term).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1692" OwnerDisplayName="richardtk_1" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-02T22:56:44.597" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T10:48:19.003" Title="¿What is the proper translation for the linguistic term &quot;WORD FORMS&quot; into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3858" CreationDate="2013-07-02T23:00:14.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably the easiest way to answer a question like this, is simply to read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfolog%C3%ADa_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica#Lexemas_.28Morfemas_l.C3.A9xicos.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish version&lt;/a&gt; of the wiki page you linked in your question. Based on that, I believe the answer you seek is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfolog%C3%ADa_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica#Lexemas_.28Morfemas_l.C3.A9xicos.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Morfemas léxicos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T23:00:14.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-03T18:29:13.437" Score="3" ViewCount="2682" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which word is more commonly used to refer to 't-shirt', &lt;em&gt;remera&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;camiseta&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-04T20:53:32.307" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T23:50:34.133" Title="Preferred word for 'T-shirt'" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3860" CreationDate="2013-07-03T19:06:22.847" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Clothing (and meal) is quite region specific. In Argentina &quot;remera&quot; is widely preferred (&quot;camiseta&quot; is used only for underwear, or for sporting clothes that identify a team).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camiseta&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a list by country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T19:06:22.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-03T19:06:43.297" Score="3" ViewCount="6572" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish sentences, I have seen that most times an article is used before the noun. But sometimes an article is not used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am referring to articles such as el,la,los,las,un,una,unos,unas (those are all the articles I know)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When do we need to use an article before a noun and when is it not necessary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-03T19:24:39.483" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T17:26:06.920" Title="When should we use articles before nouns and when are articles not required?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3860" CreationDate="2013-07-03T19:21:35.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico (at least the regions where I have been), the preferred word for a T-shirt is &lt;em&gt;playera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T19:21:35.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3863" CreationDate="2013-07-03T19:48:24.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One case where Spanish differs from English is in the case of abstractions, like love, justice,or liberty.  These almost always require a definite article in Spanish:  el amor, la justicia, y la libertad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of an indefinite plural article (unos, unas) is often used where &quot;some&quot; might specify and indefinite quantity more than one in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots more specific rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T19:48:24.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3860" CreationDate="2013-07-03T21:22:55.423" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;, you should definitely use &lt;code&gt;camiseta&lt;/code&gt;, other options are very uncommon...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T21:22:55.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3863" CreationDate="2013-07-03T22:54:29.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe I have found the answer to this after going through several other lessons and some practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like it was an easy one. But Spanish experts please correct me if I am wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like it's quite similar to English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quantifiable Nouns&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;If a noun is something quantifiable, then we use the article in front of the noun.&#xA;Example: apples are quantifiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: It is similar to having 'a' or 'an' in front of a noun. We would say &lt;em&gt;an apple&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;In Spanish: We use the appropriate article in front of the noun (based on gender and plurality). We would say &lt;em&gt;una manzana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unquantifiable Nouns&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;If a noun is something unquantifiable, then we do not use the article in front of the noun.&#xA;Example: milk is not quantifiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: It is similar to using the noun without a or an in front of it. We would say &lt;em&gt;milk&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;In Spanish: An article will not be used before the noun. We would say &lt;em&gt;leche&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the exceptions would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With countries as mentioned in the link shared by @Flimzy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With abstractions as mentioned by @Walter Mitty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if there are other exceptions to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T22:54:29.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3870" CreationDate="2013-07-04T08:08:07.203" Score="4" ViewCount="4430" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is something I was told when I was in Spain that I now doubt and I'd like to ask for some precisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When someone tells us &quot;Thank you&quot;, we can say in English :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are welcome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in French :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Je vous en prie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I've heard in Spanish something that sounds like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No aideke [maybe like no ajdeké in phonetics)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it ring a bell ? Because I can't find this expression anywhere on the internet, so maybe I'm just wrong, that's why I ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1686" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-07-04T10:57:35.847" LastActivityDate="2020-07-27T02:32:31.203" Title="&quot;You are welcome&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2013-07-04T08:49:57.160" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's actually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay de qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It actually means the same as &lt;em&gt;You're welcome&lt;/em&gt;. You could also use &lt;em&gt;De nada&lt;/em&gt; for the same purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this similar question for some extra information about that topic: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1826/what-is-the-difference-between-de-nada-and-no-hay-de-que&quot;&gt;What is the difference between &amp;quot;De nada&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;No hay de qu&amp;#233;&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-07-04T13:42:06.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3863" CreationDate="2013-07-04T15:08:42.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right, most of the times an article is used before the noun with the exception of personal pronouns and a few more things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;La chica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;El país&quot;&lt;/em&gt; are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;La María&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;El México&quot;&lt;/em&gt; are definitely wrong; they even sound wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For personal pronouns you only use the proper noun: &lt;em&gt;&quot;María&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;México&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the noun is used in definite/indefinite sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Las&lt;/strong&gt; mujeres vanidosas&quot; (definite)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Hay mujeres vanidosas y mujeres descuidadas&quot; (indefinite)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When you refer to something specific/unspecific:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Dame &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; papel&quot; (you need a specific piece of paper)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Dame papel&quot; (unspecific, any paper will work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When you have a possessive determiner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Mi casa&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica_de_la_Lengua_Castellana:_1.05&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica_de_la_Lengua_Castellana:_1.05&lt;/a&gt; you can get MORE information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T09:25:46.423" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T09:25:46.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-07-04T17:11:55.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acaso is for defending yourself from something, because someone is blaming on you for something that you didn't do... for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-&quot;Debes pagar la ventana&quot; &#xA;- &quot;¿Acaso yo la rompí?&quot;&#xA;&#xA;- &quot;You must pay the window&quot;&#xA;- &quot;But I didn't break it&quot; or &quot;did I break it?&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And quizá is when you can't make a decision in a situation in which you don't know for sure what will happen or if you're guessing what could possibly happen.. for example..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(First meaning)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- ¿Irás a la fiesta?&#xA;- Quizá vaya.&#xA;&#xA;- Will you got to the party?&#xA;- Maybe I'll go.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Second meaning)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- ¿Y que te dirá?&#xA;- Quizá que quiere romper conmigo.&#xA;&#xA;- ¿And what will she say?&#xA;- Maybe she wants to break up with me.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use acaso when you're going to do something but then you think of something (that you are not prepared for) will happen, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   - Si acaso ella te dice algo acerca de la ventana, dile que mañana le llevas el dinero.&#xA;    - Maybe she says something about the window, tell her you'll pay her back tomorrow.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also when you are forecasting something and you take action against that ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Toma esta sombrilla por si acaso llueve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Take this umbrella in case it rains.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native spanish speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1689" LastEditorUserId="1589" LastEditDate="2013-07-06T04:50:38.513" LastActivityDate="2013-07-06T04:50:38.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-07-05T15:08:41.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;ACASO can mean &quot;in the event that&quot; as in &quot;por si acaso&quot;, indicating eventuality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso no lloran las flores?&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Is it not true (or is it not the case) that...?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases it is used in a subjunctive phrase, indicating possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QUIZÁ indicates &quot;doubt,&quot; &quot;possibility,&quot; or &quot;potentiality&quot; As in &quot;quizá llueva mañana&quot;, equivalent to &quot;tal vez&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also used as &quot;maybe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1693" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-14T03:52:53.483" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T03:52:53.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2013-07-05T18:38:10.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quizá&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;Denote the possibilty that happen&quot; and &lt;strong&gt;Acaso&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;unforeseen occurrence&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1696" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T18:38:10.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3908" CreationDate="2013-07-06T00:13:41.737" Score="6" ViewCount="6862" Body="&lt;p&gt;As we all know that Spanish is a &lt;em&gt;Phonetic Language&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. the way it's written is the way it's pronounced. I am just curious to know if there are any &lt;strong&gt;exceptions&lt;/strong&gt; to this phonetic rule. I mean, when we speak Spanish or certain words in Spanish like the name of any person, place etc, is there any case where that word is spoken a bit differently than the way it's spelled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1667" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-06T18:34:22.837" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T11:47:55.113" Title="Exception to the Phonetic Rule" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2013-07-06T19:54:45.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many foreign words that don't follow Spanish phonetic rules, even though they are heavily used in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only &quot;Spanish&quot; word I can think of off the top of my head that doesn't follow Spanish phonetics is a Mexican slang word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCey_%28vulgar%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Güey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it is spelled with a 'G', the g sound is not pronounced (depending on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/word/g%C3%BCey/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;region&lt;/a&gt;).  As written, the word should be pronounced as if it were spelled &lt;em&gt;Gway&lt;/em&gt; (in English), but in reality it is pronounced as the English word &lt;em&gt;way&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-10T06:32:36.340" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T06:32:36.340" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3881" CreationDate="2013-07-06T22:31:46.667" Score="1" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that in spanish, when people usually call each other by their names, they change the names according to their mood. For example, a person named Carlos can be referred to as Carlitos or Carlote by a person. Is it true that the way of pronouncing the name changes based on the person's mood? If so, is there any rule making these changes in the person's name depending on the mood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1667" LastActivityDate="2013-07-07T11:20:12.547" Title="Pronouncing a person's name according to our mood" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3829" CreationDate="2013-07-07T00:31:34.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio, por favor&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to make it clear that you are asking for something to be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer to make it conditional: &lt;code&gt;&quot;¿Podrías pasar la aspiradora en el dormitorio?&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. It is a quite polite way to ask for something and it is normally clear that it is a conditional, but you want it done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you used &lt;code&gt;&quot;¡Pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio!&quot;&lt;/code&gt; it could sound too imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is not to be said is &lt;code&gt;&quot;Tú, pasa la aspiradora en el dormitorio&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, because it shows too much anxiety and a relation of power in which you can  give orders to other people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user18936" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T09:54:08.233" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T09:54:08.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3879" CreationDate="2013-07-07T11:20:12.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is true. I think it also depends on who you are addressing and how much confident you are with each other, since those name-modifications are usually used between friends, relatives or someone you are familiar with.  For changing these names using some rules, you can refer to the  &quot;sufijos diminutivos&quot; diminutive suffixes(e.g. Carlitos) in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Diminutivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; and to the &quot;sufijos aumentativos&quot; or augmentative suffixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastActivityDate="2013-07-07T11:20:12.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3890" CreationDate="2013-07-07T23:07:32.803" Score="5" ViewCount="1082" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saw this on Facebook today... what does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g54jr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T13:32:09.060" Title="Meaning of &quot;Eres touch?&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2013-07-08T18:43:40.653" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;American English is famous for responding to thanks with an acknowledgment that something indeed was done: &quot;You're welcome&quot; (yes, I did you a favor, and I accept your thanks).  Virtually all other European language respond to thanks with a denial that anything significant was done: &quot;de nada,&quot; &quot;It was nothing,&quot; &quot;de rien,&quot; &quot;det var ingenting,&quot; etc. &quot;You're welcome&quot; is &quot;heard&quot; as an Americanism in British English.  And even Americans seem to be moving increasingly to the denial model:  &quot;no problem,&quot; &quot;no worries,&quot; etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1700" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T18:43:40.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3886" CreationDate="2013-07-08T18:59:19.883" Score="3" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído muchas veces en las grabaciones que ponen al tenerte en espera en una llamada telefónica como a un Call Center que dicen &quot;Por favor espere, &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; estamos atendiendo&quot;, creo que está equivocado (leísmo) y debería ser &quot;lo estamos atendiendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto &quot;le estamos atendiendo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según yo, por lo siguiente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; estamos atendiendo (a él).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La estamos atendiendo (a ella).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; estamos atendiendo (a usted).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1053" LastEditDate="2013-09-11T14:16:47.903" LastActivityDate="2013-09-11T14:16:47.903" Title="Le estamos atendiendo" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3884" CreationDate="2013-07-08T19:43:59.640" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como leí en la WikiLengua creo que entra dentro del leismo de cortesia. Copio un fragmento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También está aceptado el llamado «leísmo de cortesía», esto es, la utilización de le/les en sustitución de lo/la y los/las cuando se refiere a usted/ustedes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  ¿Quiere que le lleve hasta el restaurante? [«Leísmo de cortesía»] &#xA;  ¿Quiere que LO/LA lleve hasta el restaurante? [Uso CORRECTO] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He aquí algunos usos correctos (de uso frecuente en Hispanoamérica) que suelen sustituirse en España por el «leísmo de cortesía»: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Nuestra compañía LO/LA informa de que tiene un mensaje nuevo. [También es correcta la construcción le informa que...] &#xA;¿En qué puedo ayudarLO?  &#xA; LO atendió la señora Lucía Rodríguez. [En los billetes de compra] &#xA; Encantado de conocerLO. &#xA; Sin más, LOS saludamos atentamente... [En las cartas formales] &#xA; LO/LA felicito por el premio que ha obtenido. &#xA; LO/LA invitamos a nuestra fiesta, que tendrá lugar el día... &#xA; Señor Aguirre y señora Gómez, LOS obligamos a comparecer ante el tribunal. &#xA; Muchas gracias por entregar su currículo; ya LO/LA llamaremos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Referencia: WikiLengua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así se puede usar le/lo para sexo masculino, le/la para el femenino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto al comentario de &quot;Le ayudo&quot; me es común oír el uso de &quot;Le&quot; en vez de “Lo” (vivo en el norte de España). Segun la &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=le%C3%ADsmo&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otro grupo que ofrece confusión es el formado por verbos que han cambiado o están cambiando su régimen, esto es, que se construían habitualmente en el español medieval con pronombres de dativo, como en latín, y que hoy están pasando a construirse mayoritariamente con pronombres de acusativo, como es el caso de &lt;strong&gt;ayudar u obedecer&lt;/strong&gt;. Este proceso de cambio no se ha dado de manera uniforme en todas las áreas. Así, en las zonas no leístas del norte de España el régimen habitual es el dativo: «Vidal le ayudó. Y entre los dos lograron acercarlo al desmonte» (Aparicio Retratos [Esp. 1989]); en América está prácticamente generalizado el acusativo, sobre todo en los países del Cono Sur: «Natí lo ayudó a subir» (RBastos Hijo [Par. 1960]); Andalucía y Canarias son zonas de vacilación: «Lo ayudó a subir» (CBonald Noche [Esp. 1981]); «Ella le ayudó a recostarse en un sofá» (MñzMolina Invierno [Esp. 1987]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-07-09T10:08:28.957" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T10:08:28.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2013-07-08T19:46:45.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;DE NADA&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; used in Spanish and in Portuguese when you want to say &amp;quot;You are welcome&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Je vous en prie&amp;quot;. The pronunciation is similar to &amp;quot;the nah dah&amp;quot;, where the letter &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; sounds as in &amp;quot;zebra&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;barn&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;NO HAY DE QUÊ&amp;quot; sounds like &amp;quot;know aaai the QUE&amp;quot; , where &amp;quot;aaai&amp;quot; sounds like the letter &amp;quot;I&amp;quot; in the English alphabet and QUE like in QUEbec ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1702" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-07-27T02:32:31.203" LastActivityDate="2020-07-27T02:32:31.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2013-07-08T20:24:35.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complementing the answers related to &quot;No hay de qué&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Mexico it is also used as a courtesy reply.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also common as a response is &quot;¿De qué?&quot; (As in &quot;this favour is nothing&quot;, &quot;¿de qué?&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1480" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T20:24:35.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2013-07-09T03:57:10.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is much less formal to use &quot;de nada&quot; when responding to &quot;gracias&quot;. It is akin to saying the Americanism &quot;it's nothing&quot; or &quot;no worries&quot;. I would say if you're speaking face-to-face with someone, especially a peer, use &quot;de nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;[1] &quot;Gracias para me permita usar tu telefono&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;[2] &quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would reserve &quot;no hay de què&quot; for something that &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; was a big deal or out of your way-- like buying a gift or doing something that wasn't a favor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;[1] &quot;muchas gracias para el carro, padre, lo es perfecto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;[2] &quot;no hay de que, mi hijo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope this helps! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1703" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T03:57:10.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3882" CreationDate="2013-07-09T13:32:09.060" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's Spanglish for &quot;Are you (a) touch (device)?&quot; (like a touch screen). In other words &quot;Do you respond to tactile manipulation?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T13:32:09.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2013-07-09T16:03:22.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is extremely common in El Salvador. In fact, many people in El Salvador almost never pronounce terminal s except at the end of the second person preterite. Examples are &quot;do vece&quot;, &quot;entonce&quot;, &quot;ma o meno&quot;, but &quot;oistes&quot; and &quot;hablastes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1705" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T16:03:22.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3893" CreationDate="2013-07-09T21:34:05.393" Score="1" ViewCount="4980" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I describe something as &quot;sketchy&quot; in Spanish? In the sense of something questionable or unsavory, like dark alley ways or the wrong part of town.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't trust most of the people I meet at that bar, it's a really sketchy place. Someone even tried to sell me drugs in the bathroom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain I was told that the closest thing was &quot;perro y fluta&quot; referring to how the homeless have dogs and play flutes, but that didn't seem to translate back here in Texas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone confirm/deny or offer another translation that is more localized to Latin American Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1703" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T13:55:53.927" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:55:53.927" Title="&quot;Sketchy&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3892" CreationDate="2013-07-09T22:24:12.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Slang is difficult - Latin American slang in particular varies a lot from place to place. In Chile, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flaite&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is a tolerably good translation of at least one meaning of &quot;sketchy&quot;, but I'd be surprised if that word were well known in Texas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1135" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T22:24:12.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3909" CreationDate="2013-07-10T03:36:49.470" Score="4" ViewCount="7443" Body="&lt;p&gt;The carpet I am referring to is a large cloth that spans the entire room. It is not an area rug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gfT4S.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;carpet&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a Mexican contractor that is renovating my house. When referring to carpet, I always say to him &lt;code&gt;alfombra&lt;/code&gt;, but he always says back to me &lt;code&gt;carpeta&lt;/code&gt;. It sounds like a spinoff of the English equivalent. It is strange that Google translator says &lt;code&gt;carpeta&lt;/code&gt; is not carpet but rather a folder. Am I saying carpet wrong or is my contractor saying it wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-10T06:40:59.670" LastActivityDate="2019-06-21T21:10:20.840" Title="How do you say &quot;carpet&quot; in Mexican Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3899" CreationDate="2013-07-10T06:49:05.783" Score="1" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si pudieras vivir donde &lt;strong&gt;quieras/quieres&lt;/strong&gt;, donde vivirías?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si yo tuviera la casa que &lt;strong&gt;está/esté&lt;/strong&gt; en Madrid, viviría allí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si me hubieran regalado la casa que &lt;strong&gt;estuviera/estuvo&lt;/strong&gt; en Madrid, viviría allí. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es correcto usar subjuntivo o indicativo en las subordinaciones adjetivas? Hay unas reglas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1710" LastEditorUserId="1710" LastEditDate="2013-07-10T09:50:40.093" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T11:07:14.683" Title="Presente e imperfecto del subjuntivo en las subordinaciones adjetivas" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3892" CreationDate="2013-07-10T12:27:52.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I looked up the phrase &quot;a grandes rasgos&quot; on the web, and got &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/a+grandes+rasgos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not an exact match, but it's kinda the same idea.  &quot;Sketchy&quot;, to my ear, conveys the notion of insufficient detail, while &quot;a grandes rasgos&quot; does not.  Maybe this will lead to a correct answer, however.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:05:55.097" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T04:05:55.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3896" CreationDate="2013-07-10T12:34:46.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si pudieras vivir donde &lt;strong&gt;quisieras&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿donde lo harías?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the other sentences, it is not clear what you want to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si yo tuviera la casa que &lt;strong&gt;está/esté&lt;/strong&gt; en Madrid, viviría allí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si me hubieran regalado la casa que &lt;strong&gt;estuviera/estuvo&lt;/strong&gt; en Madrid, viviría allí. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference, you can check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.denverspanishhouse.com/lesson-plans/condicional-y-segunda-condicional-si-tuviera-m%C3%A1s-tiempo-estudiar%C3%AD-espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Segundo condicional&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2013-07-11T11:07:14.683" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T11:07:14.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3896" CreationDate="2013-07-10T14:27:11.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing that by the second and third sentences you want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I had the house that's in Madrid, I would live there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they had given me the house that was in Madrid, I would have lived there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you have a definite article I would say to use the indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Si yo tuviera la casa que está en Madrid, viviría allÍ&quot; (mejor: la casa en Madrid)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Si me hubieran regalado la casa que estaba en Madrid, habría vivido allí&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T14:27:11.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2013-07-10T15:56:20.050" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México you say &quot;alfombra&quot;. Greetings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1712" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-07-10T17:55:11.753" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T17:55:11.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2013-07-10T18:44:47.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the term &lt;code&gt;carpeta&lt;/code&gt; is used primarily in the U.S., and likely in northern regions of Mexico.  &lt;code&gt;Alfombra&lt;/code&gt; is the preferred term in most of Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T18:44:47.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3892" CreationDate="2013-07-10T19:57:27.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mention above it really depends on the place the phrase is used. For me and from what I'm trying to get of the info you gave, the word that seems more appropriate, at least in Mexico is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pintoresco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, since it refers to something cute but a little funny or even ironic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi a un indigente, con perros y tocando flautas. Fue muy pintoresco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T13:52:54.327" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:52:54.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3896" CreationDate="2013-07-11T09:45:51.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is a tricky verb for the example as I've said in the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with fedorqui on sentence #1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;pudieras&lt;/strong&gt; vivir donde &lt;strong&gt;quisieras&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿Dónde vivirías?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentences #2 and #3 your problem is that you are looking for concordance in the subordinate sentence (the one introduced by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;), and while you certainly cannot use any tense, there is no requirement for concordance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's rephrase sentence #2 without &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, which IMHO shows it more clearly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;vendieran&lt;/strong&gt; el coche, lo &lt;strong&gt;compraría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concordance is &lt;em&gt;vendieran&lt;/em&gt; (imperfect subjunctive)/&lt;em&gt;compraría&lt;/em&gt;(conditional indicative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;vendieran&lt;/strong&gt; el coche que &lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt; en Madrid, lo &lt;strong&gt;compraría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can replace &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/em&gt; for a number of tenses: &lt;em&gt;he visto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;había visto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veré&lt;/em&gt;... They all work, although they convey a slightly different meaning. Similarly you can replace the subordinate sentence by other complements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;vendieran&lt;/strong&gt; el coche de Madrid, lo &lt;strong&gt;compraría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;vendieran&lt;/strong&gt; el coche amarillo, lo &lt;strong&gt;compraría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can't resist to mention the name of the song by &lt;em&gt;Les Luthiers&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tzdgEr83AQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quien &lt;strong&gt;conociera&lt;/strong&gt; a María, &lt;strong&gt;amaría&lt;/strong&gt; a María&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same could be said about sentence #3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T09:52:20.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3858" CreationDate="2013-07-11T10:48:19.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In linguistics we normally call &lt;em&gt;lema&lt;/em&gt; the headword of a word (that is, the way we would find it in a dictionary: its form in singular/masculine/infinitive). All the inflections of a lemma (plurals, conjugated verbs, etc) are called &lt;em&gt;formas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So dog would be a &lt;strong&gt;lema&lt;/strong&gt;, and its &lt;strong&gt;formas&lt;/strong&gt; (word forms) would be &lt;em&gt;dog&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dogs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T10:48:19.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2013-07-11T19:54:53.967" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there exceptions to the (quite simple) Spanish phonetic rules?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless you count any of the following as exceptions (I wouldn't, but it's debatable):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Foreign names or words of foreign origin, that retain their original spelling but are pronounced differently: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sandwich&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (pronounced as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sángüich&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or even &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sánguche&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regional variations: the &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is pronounced differently in Spanish than in Argentina (&amp;quot;yeísmo&amp;quot;), same for the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; sound (&amp;quot;seseo/ceceo&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bad or casual pronunciations. Same as in English, in casual-fast speaking some words can be slightly contracted or deformed. For example, in many regions it's common to (almost) omit some final &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or make them like aspired sounds (sort of English &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) : eg, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;las cosas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; =&amp;gt; &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;la'cosas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;lah' cosas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;; in some regions of Argentina, the trilling &amp;quot;rr&amp;quot; is pronounced more like a &amp;quot;y&amp;quot;, etc. Some pronunciations, considered incorrect, are nevertheless very common: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;peleé&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (1st person, past tense of &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;pelear&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) is often pronounced as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;pelié&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Though we don't have the English digraph &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, we widely recognize it (as foreign) and we sometimes use it when we need to reproduce the (English) &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; sound at the end of some word (there are no such words in Spanish, but there are some onomatopoeias or foreign words). However, in Spanish compound words like &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;deshacer&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; we pronounce in the Spanish way: &amp;quot;des&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; has two pronunciations: the common one (&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;cs&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) and the rare one (&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;): the later is only used in a few words, notably &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/245/why-is-the-x-in-mexico-and-texas-pronunced-as-the-letter-j&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Initial &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ps&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (eg:  &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;psicología&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) is usually pronounced simply as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-07-06T03:09:22.087" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T03:09:22.087" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2013-07-12T02:16:55.373" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; usual word for &quot;carpet&quot; in Mexican Spanish is &lt;strong&gt;alfombra&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that if any Mexican Spanish speaker says &lt;em&gt;carpeta&lt;/em&gt; is beacause either he lives in the North border or he's been raised in a multicultural enviroment, in this case with American culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there are many &quot;words&quot; Mexican people from borders or people living in USA which they use in their daily life &lt;em&gt;adapting&lt;/em&gt; English words to Spanish and such words are actually &lt;strong&gt;wrong said&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parkear or parquear&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;To park the car&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Troca&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;em&gt;Pick up&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These would be typical examples,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1715" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-07-12T22:00:37.557" LastActivityDate="2013-07-12T22:00:37.557" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3911" CreationDate="2013-07-12T14:04:37.477" Score="5" ViewCount="718" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escribiéndole a un amigo que acaba de ser operado, y redacté la siguiente frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En poco tiempo se te debería ir el dolor.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, suelo expresarme de otra forma. Lo que quise escribir, en realidad, fue lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En poco tiempo debería &lt;em&gt;írsete&lt;/em&gt; el dolor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto correcto? Si no lo es, ¿cuál es la forma correcta de añadir los objetos correspondientes al verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T23:08:46.547" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T23:08:46.547" Title="&quot;Se te debería ir&quot; vs. &quot;Debería írsete&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3910" CreationDate="2013-07-12T14:16:49.910" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de colocación de clíticos permiten ambas formas. Las dos frases son correctas y perfectamente intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el punto 3.d del artículo sobre los pronombres personales átonos del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como hablante de España, debo decir también que las dos formas no solo son posibles según las reglas gramaticales, sino que ambas me resultan familiares y podría usarlas en cualquier momento (es decir, que para mí ninguna de las dos formas me &quot;suena mejor&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2013-07-15T07:40:47.950" LastActivityDate="2013-07-15T07:40:47.950" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3850" CreationDate="2013-07-12T15:56:39.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactamente, es el equivalente de decir: Should/Must Should not/Must not. &#xA;Cuando usas &quot;debe&quot; no necesariamente estás dando órdenes sólo implica que algo ha hacerce, es inmimente. En cambio &quot;debería&quot; es algo que &quot;idealemente&quot; tendría que suceder pero por varias razones no se ha hecho o no hay quien lo lleve a cabo. Así que las dos también se pueden usar en una secuencia, por ejemplo primero te das cuenta de que algo &quot;debería&quot; hacerse, ya que aparentemente es la mejor opción o posibilidad, luego cuando estás convencido &quot;debe&quot; hacerse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: en tu ejemplo dijiste &quot;Se debe realizar los siguientes cambios ... Se debería realizar los siguientes cambios ...&quot; la forma correcta de decirlo es &quot;Se DEBEN realizar los siguientes cambios ... Se DEBERÍAN realizar los siguientes cambios ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1716" LastEditorUserId="1716" LastEditDate="2015-03-17T02:24:41.407" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T02:24:41.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3914" CreationDate="2013-07-13T02:00:23.557" Score="3" ViewCount="2201" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son los significados de &quot;ay ay&quot; en México?, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Me compré un carro nuevo, mira.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Ay (sí), ay (sí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para este caso, generalmente usan esta imagen en las redes sociales:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mlg64.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ay ay&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo pero con otro uso es en la canción de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cielito_lindo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cielito lindo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ay, ay, ay, ay,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Canta y no llores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También otro es el que comenta @FrankComputer de la serie Power Rangers del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrzS_LEodRY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;robot Alpha 5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-07-15T14:56:45.530" LastActivityDate="2021-04-09T05:47:03.150" Title="Significados de &quot;ay ay&quot; en México" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3913" CreationDate="2013-07-13T07:38:32.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Used heavily in El Paso, Texas, USA and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, &quot;ay ay&quot; is the repetition of the Spanish word &quot;ay&quot; which is equivalent to the interjection &quot;oh&quot; of the English language. When &quot;ay&quot; is said twice, i.e. &quot;ay ay&quot;, it functions as an expression or acknowledgement of frustration, absurdity, disdain, and other &quot;negative&quot; feelings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Some Mexican dude: I'm going to run for president. &#xA;- Some Mexican chick: Ay ay.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=ay%20ay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Página web de referencia: Urban dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el ejemplo que propones se acerca a la segunda definición de la misma página web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Used in place of &quot;whatever&quot;, &quot;yeah right&quot;, &quot;no way&quot;, or &quot;nuh-uh&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-07-17T13:40:12.910" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T13:40:12.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3892" CreationDate="2013-07-13T18:21:35.803" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sketchy, as in &quot;questionable,&quot; is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sospechoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What a sketchy character  &lt;sub&gt;Vaya un tipo sospechoso&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other answers mentioned the term &quot;flaite.&quot; That's not going to be known anywhere else but Chile, and it also conveys a meaning of being of low upbringing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading your question again and some of the comments, I noticed you &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; talking about low class and dangerous places or characters. The correct term for that will depend on your assessment of the situation or character. You have a good range there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oscuro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sospechoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peligroso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;criminal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de dudosa reputación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1718" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T13:54:37.027" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:54:37.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3918" CreationDate="2013-07-15T14:11:11.910" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm just a beginner of Spanish. An exercise of my Spanish text book asks the readers to ask questions about the bold part in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo lo hacen &lt;strong&gt;muy rápido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo todo lo hacen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer gives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo hacen todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that the &quot;lo&quot; in the original sentence refers to &quot;todo&quot;, but why the &quot;lo&quot; is missing in the answer? I don't know when should we use assusatival pronouns to refer to the noun repeatedly. Is there a general rule? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1396" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:36:27.450" Title="What is the general rule to use accusatival pronouns to refer to nouns repeatedly?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3916" CreationDate="2013-07-15T15:25:56.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; hacen todo?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be as valid a question for &lt;em&gt;&quot;Todo lo hacen muy rápido&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as the one given. Word of native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your suggestion &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo todo lo hacen?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would not be in the correct order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T11:28:09.893" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T11:28:09.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3916" CreationDate="2013-07-16T12:06:33.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not easy for me (native speaker) to distill the general rule. But, as a matter of fact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo hacen todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo lo hacen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be correct constructions, though they would be slightly different questions. In the later, &quot;lo&quot;, of course alludes to the thing that is being done (&quot;todo&quot; - direct object -  you can try replacing it by &quot;el trabajo&quot;), which here is left tacit; hence, this would only make sense if the previous sentence or the context had mentioned that, eg: &quot;-Siempre hacen todo de la misma manera. -¿Cómo lo hacen?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your book/teacher is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo lo hacen todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be a redundant construction (see that it's a merge of the two above). Incorrect, but it might happen in casual speaking, perhaps for some emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Como todo lo hacen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be definitely wrong, that's never the order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T13:36:27.450" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:36:27.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3919" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-16T23:50:58.857" Score="4" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English,  it is necessary to capitalize 'I' no matter where it lies in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious to know if this rule applies to &lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="999" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T15:19:00.763" Title="Is capitalisation of 'Yo' not important?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3919" CreationDate="2013-07-17T01:16:46.337" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, the rule does not apply in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The capitalization is only required at the beginning of the sentence, as any other word (except for names, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write: &quot;No es mayor que yo&quot; (he is not older than I am).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastEditorUserId="176" LastEditDate="2013-07-17T15:19:00.763" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T15:19:00.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3924" CreationDate="2013-07-17T18:33:56.293" Score="2" ViewCount="1804" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero decir: estoy molesto, me duele la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:12:01.533" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:12:01.533" Title="¿Se puede utilizar 'molesto' en el sentido de enfermedad?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3921" CreationDate="2013-07-17T18:49:56.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, pero suena un poco raro tal y como lo planteas (nada erróneo, se te entendería perfectamente, pero yo lo diría distinto). «Molestia» tiene menor grado que «dolor». Yo diría que está entre «incomodidad» y «dolor». Así que, en lugar de decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy molesto, me duele la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para indicar un dolor leve de la cabeza, yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me duele la cabeza levemente/un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O quizás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una molestia en la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T18:49:56.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3921" CreationDate="2013-07-17T18:53:52.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que usualmente se dice es &quot;me siento mal&quot;. En tu caso sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal, me duele la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T18:53:52.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3921" CreationDate="2013-07-17T19:01:00.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando dices &quot;molesto&quot; es mas como una emocion, o sea, que algo paso que sientes medio enojado, de lo que yo he escuchado y visto, no se usa para decir que sientes enfermo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si te sientes enojado porque  te duele la cabeza, esta bien, esta correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1724" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-07-17T19:07:28.487" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T19:07:28.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3921" CreationDate="2013-07-17T19:54:41.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Retomando lo que  Alfredo y Chewie dijeron:&#xA;&quot;Molesto&quot; y &quot;molestia&quot; son diferentes palabras con diferentes significados. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno puede:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; molesto (enojado, enfadado) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt; una molestia (malestar, incomodidad)  o incluso &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; una molestia (cuando te vuelves un malestar para alguien)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que si te encuentras enfadado por el dolor, tu oración es adecuada. De otro modo sería mejor que te expresaras de manera diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T19:54:41.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3926" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-18T05:12:36.237" Score="0" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a phrase is contracted, does it change its undertone? That is, does it become more informal or more direct than its uncontracted version? For example, what are the differences between &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dáme un taco de cabeza&lt;/code&gt; VS &lt;code&gt;Me da un taco de cabeza&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero preguntarle&lt;/code&gt; VS &lt;code&gt;Le quiero preguntar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="1642" LastEditDate="2013-07-20T05:56:08.883" LastActivityDate="2013-07-20T05:56:08.883" Title="Does contracting a phrase change its undertone?" Tags="&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3926" CreationDate="2013-07-18T06:15:23.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case the contracted form &quot;Dámelo&quot; is an order or a command, and the uncontracted &quot;Me lo da?&quot; is a question, as you can recognize for the question mark.&#xA;&quot;Lo me da&quot; is in incorrect order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1723" LastActivityDate="2013-07-18T06:15:23.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3929" CreationDate="2013-07-18T06:30:59.870" Score="1" ViewCount="1961" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I noticed the name of Argentinian football club Boca Juniors is pronounced by Argentinians not as I would expect in Spanish but more &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6mB_Zib63E#t=030&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;close to English&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand, the reason for that is this name having English origin and that the word &quot;junior&quot; is absent in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The questions are:&#xA;- are the assumptions above correct?&#xA;- how does Spanish-speaking person without English knowledge know how to pronounce this word? Is it a convention or an exception?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering what would be the difference between pronouncing the words with origin in other language that speaker doesn't know and &quot;invented&quot; words like in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwocky&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwocky&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1722" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-22T23:20:18.457" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T12:53:44.483" Title="Pronunciation of Boca Juniors" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3928" CreationDate="2013-07-18T07:57:57.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a tricky question. If someone doesn't know another language, he/she can't know how to pronounce it well. That's obvious. However, in the case of Boca Juniors, I would say many people in Argentina learn how to say it way before knowing how it is written or how to write at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, in the more general case, I'm no expert but I think &lt;strong&gt;people just &amp;quot;do their best&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; to pronounce unknown words correctly. They will apply what they know and try to make the word sound &amp;quot;right&amp;quot; under that frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, back in the 50s or 60s, in Spain very few people spoke English, and so they used Spanish (or French) rules to pronounce English words and names. Thus, you would hear things like &amp;quot;Umpri Bogar&amp;quot; (Humphrey Bogart), &amp;quot;Yon Baine&amp;quot; (John Wayne), &amp;quot;Kirk Duglas&amp;quot; (Kirk Douglas)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays exposure to English is much bigger, and more people speak it, so now we more or less pronounce them well. So the son of Kirk Duglas is Maikel Daglas (the funny thing is we keep saying Kirk Duglas even though we &amp;quot;know&amp;quot; it's wrong).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, at least here in Spain, people don't take it too far. We can very easily say two English words, one with English pronunciation and the other with Spanish pronunciation, e.g. we pronounce White Label as &amp;quot;uait label&amp;quot; not &amp;quot;uait leibol&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;uite label&amp;quot;, and there are some names we haven't got right yet, like Tom Cruise, which &lt;em&gt;everybody&lt;/em&gt; here says &amp;quot;Tom Cruis&amp;quot; (actually, I think it's slowly changing and more people say it right).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, lo and behold, if someone says those English words with the proper accent and pronunciation, they can be regarded as &amp;quot;pedantic&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've seen in TV, it seems like in Mexico and other countries in Central and South America, people say English words better, probably because they are more exposed to English, in TV, cinema, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now that people more or less know how to pronounce English, when they find a foreign word, they (we) will, again, &amp;quot;do their best&amp;quot; to say it. So they will add English to their pronunciation toolbox, and say the word using that toolbox, often mixing things between languages. And now we say German, Russian, Dutch, or whatever language words and names with a mixture of rules of Spanish, English and any other languages we might know, plus whatever similar we might have heard on TV, films, etc., so now &amp;quot;H&amp;quot;s have sound when they shouldn't, &amp;quot;ei&amp;quot; is pronounced like Spanish &amp;quot;i&amp;quot;, instead of &amp;quot;ai&amp;quot; (like in German), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-08-11T12:53:44.483" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T12:53:44.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3928" CreationDate="2013-07-18T14:57:47.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My name is Jocelyn Jaen (Yoselin Jaen) no one so far has called me &quot;Jocelyn&quot; with the J sound. But they have called me, quite often, Yoselin Yaen asumming the other J is also pronounced as an spanish Y. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think we native spanish speakers just say the things that would have a weird sound to us as we imagine it sounds best. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example &quot;Boca Juniors&quot; is a word we all are familiar with, and we've heard it a lot of times. Maybe if you took it to a place who has never heard of the J sound used as a Y they'll give you the J pronunciation expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yessica&lt;/em&gt;&quot;(Jessica)&quot; because &quot;Gesica&quot; will sound incorrect. But we never say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yuana&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (Juana) or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yulieta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (Julieta) since it is not how we have heard those names before so we only try to get closer to what we already heard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastActivityDate="2013-07-18T14:57:47.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3928" CreationDate="2013-07-18T15:05:50.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Juniors&amp;quot; is readily recognized as a foreign word, and so the Spanish speaker, even if he doesn't know English, assumes that its pronunciation does not follow the Spanish spelling rules.  The de-facto pronunciation would be learned by ear, probably before even knowing the spelling (I remembered as a child, a word like &amp;quot;Hollywood&amp;quot; was heard and pronounced as &amp;quot;jóligud&amp;quot;, it took me some time, when I read the correct word, to recognize it). And it will usually be an approximation of the English pronunciation. In the case of &amp;quot;Boca Juniors&amp;quot;, as we lack the &amp;quot;j&amp;quot; sound, we pronounce it rather like &amp;quot;shuniors&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens often in football (soccer), which has English heritage and is very popular in Argentina, in names of teams (&amp;quot;River Plate&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;riberpléi&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newell%27s_Old_Boys&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Newell's Old Boys&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; =&amp;quot;niusolbois&amp;quot;), and other terms (&amp;quot;offside&amp;quot; ~ &amp;quot;orsay&amp;quot;). In a few cases (no rules, it just happened) the English pronunciation vanished (&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_Club_de_Avellaneda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Racing&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is pronounced as it were a Spanish word).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-06-23T09:46:27.793" LastActivityDate="2020-06-23T09:46:27.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3932" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-18T15:58:31.987" Score="4" ViewCount="882" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read that one should use &quot;ir a&quot; when time of completion is certain. If the time is uncertain, one should use the future tense. This choice is not so clear-cut when asking a question. Take for example, asking &quot;When are you coming?&quot;. You're expecting an exact time from the other party. But the other party may not know the exact time or whether he can come at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuándo vas a venir?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuándo vendrás?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which one do you use when one side wants a precise time while the other side cannot be guaranteed to provide an exact time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="1642" LastEditDate="2013-07-19T03:55:29.490" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:29:10.647" Title="&quot;Ir a&quot; versus future tense when asking a question" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3932" CreationDate="2013-07-18T16:49:39.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all it's spelled &quot;Cuándo&quot; and in reference to your question at least here, in Spain, both sentences mean exactly the same, we use both indifferently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1723" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T14:29:10.647" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:29:10.647" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3926" CreationDate="2013-07-18T21:55:12.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to confirm, &lt;code&gt;Dámelo&lt;/code&gt; is not a contraction and actually it is a grammatical structure that works as an order or like in the case of &lt;code&gt;Me lo dá?&lt;/code&gt; as a polite request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tone changes since the way you request is different and probably you will choose one of them depending on who you are addressing (&lt;code&gt;Dámelo&lt;/code&gt; is informal and direct, &lt;code&gt;me lo dá?&lt;/code&gt; is formal and polite). You may find this &lt;a href=&quot;http://jlu.wbtrain.com/sumtotal/language/DLI%20basic%20courses/Spanish/Basic%20Course/Repaso%20De%20Las%20Estructuras%20Gramaticales.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;review of Spanish grammatical structures&lt;/a&gt; useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, contractions are shortened versions of the written and spoken forms of a word or a group of words, and are created by omitting internal letters. The typical examples are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A + el = al&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De + el = del&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other examples which are not so common(as far as I know) in Latin America such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde + quiera = doquier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De + esto = desto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastActivityDate="2013-07-18T21:55:12.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3941" CreationDate="2013-07-19T04:05:49.040" Score="4" ViewCount="563" Body="&lt;p&gt;I went to a Mexican restaurant and this is how my conversation went:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt;: Quiero un vaso de agua de sandía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Camarera&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Chica o Grande?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt;: Chica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why did the waitress use &quot;chica&quot; instead of &quot;chico&quot;? Isn't she asking me how big of a cup I want? Cup is masculine, so I would presume that the adjective describing it should also be masculine. The waitress also used the same feminine &quot;chica&quot; with the next customer, so I doubt she botched up the word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, how do you decide on the gender of an adjective when its noun is implied?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-23T08:42:48.310" LastActivityDate="2013-07-23T08:42:48.310" Title="What is the gender of adjectives that describe implied nouns?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2013-07-19T04:17:06.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's always the same gender, she messed it up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being a native Spanish speaker with good orthography, I see that usually even the native speakers make silly mistakes (especially in verb conjugation), just let it pass through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Further explanation from the comments: &quot;Quiero un vaso de agua de sandía.&quot;,  Quiero un vaso de agua de sandía; el sujeto de la oración es Yo, pero es un sujeto tácito, donde tú tienes que inferir cuál pronombre es, y el resto es el predicado, el núcleo de predicado es el sustantivo &quot;vaso&quot; y &quot;de agua&quot; es simplemente un complemento (y comienza con &quot;de&quot;, que de por sí es una preposición). Así que la pregunta correcta es &quot;¿Chico o grande?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1727" LastEditorUserId="1727" LastEditDate="2013-07-21T18:44:03.640" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T18:44:03.640" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2013-07-19T05:50:32.473" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's not incorrect and actually you asked what you shuld have to. But people use to refer to &quot;vaso de agua&quot; as just &quot;agua&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;em&gt;¿Me da un agua de sandía? Chica, por favor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    (when a standard unit is understood: e.g. &lt;em&gt;vaso&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;jarra&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine the lot of times a waitress deal with the expression &lt;code&gt;vaso grande/chico de agua&lt;/code&gt;. It's totally correct, but just too long to be pronounced 10 times/hour. Waitress and costumers use the more confortable expression &quot;agua chica/grande&quot;, provided there is no missunderstanding whether we are referring to &lt;code&gt;jarra&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;vaso&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;: Quiero un vaso de agua de sandía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Camarera&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿(agua) chica o grande?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;: (agua) chica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if you didn't have asked that? A possible conversation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;: Quiero un agua grande de sandía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Camarera&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Jarra o vaso?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;: Vaso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Camarera&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿chico o grande?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;: Chico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-20T09:17:03.880" LastActivityDate="2013-07-20T09:17:03.880" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2013-07-19T15:26:38.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic connotation of Tigre is the English version of a 'bad boy', 'bad ass', 'wise guy' or 'shark'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T15:26:38.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3947" CreationDate="2013-07-19T17:11:30.307" Score="7" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my oppinion, both forms are correct, but if there is only correct meaning, which is which? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is called this phenomenon of having a verb, that is the inverse of itself? &#xA;That is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rento un departamento a mi tío.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tío me renta un departamento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;have the same meaning after inverting subject and indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T23:28:39.247" Title="&quot;Rento departamento&quot;: does it mean &quot;Pago&quot; or &quot;cobro por vivir ahí&quot; ? or both?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3945" CreationDate="2013-07-19T19:29:26.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt; we do not use the verb &lt;code&gt;rentar&lt;/code&gt;, but we use &lt;code&gt;alquilar&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;exactly the same meaning&lt;/strong&gt;. About the verb &lt;code&gt;alquilar&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/alquilar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;R.A.E. dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Alquilar:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dar a alguien algo&lt;/strong&gt;, especialmente una finca urbana, un animal o un mueble, para que use de ello por el tiempo que se determine y mediante&#xA;  el pago de la cantidad convenida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tomar de alguien algo&lt;/strong&gt; para este fin y con tal condición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it can clearly mean &lt;strong&gt;both&lt;/strong&gt;. And I think you can apply this to the verb &lt;code&gt;rentar&lt;/code&gt; in Latin America...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, and this is just a &lt;strong&gt;personal opinion&lt;/strong&gt;, if I heard &lt;code&gt;&quot;Alquilo apartamento&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, I would think firstly in someone offering a flat to rent. And if I wanted to say that I live in a rented flat I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo de alquiler.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tengo un apartamento alquilado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T19:29:26.207" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3945" CreationDate="2013-07-19T23:12:19.610" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This in Spanish is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Enantiosemia&quot;&gt;enantiosemia&lt;/a&gt; (from greek &quot;enantíos&quot; contrary and &quot;sema&quot; meaning) also called autoantónimo (from the English &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoantonym&quot;&gt;autoantonym&lt;/a&gt;). Both &quot;rentar&quot; and &quot;alquilar&quot; have this property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llama &lt;strong&gt;enantiosemia&lt;/strong&gt; a un tipo de polisemia en el que una palabra&#xA;  tiene dos sentidos opuestos. La oposición entre los significados puede&#xA;  ser de distintos tipos: complementariedad, antonimia graduable,&#xA;  antonimia por reversión o antonimia por conversión [explicar].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A las palabras con enantiosemia también se las llama autoantónimos (en&#xA;  alemán este fenómeno es llamado Gegensinn, y en inglés contronymy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-07-19T23:28:39.247" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T23:28:39.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3945" CreationDate="2013-07-19T23:22:44.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El fenómeno se llama &lt;em&gt;enantiosemia&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3945/rento-departamento-does-it-mean-pago-or-cobro-por-vivir-ahi-or-both/3947#3947&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; se dijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sinónimos que puedes usar son: alquilar, rentar y arrendar (viene de &quot;arriendo&quot;). En Chile es preferible usar el verbo arrendar por simplementer ser el verbo más usado, y es considerado incorrecto usar el resto por esnobismo/siutiquería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1727" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T23:22:44.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2013-07-20T05:14:39.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que la discusión alrededor de la pureza del lenguaje se vuelve demasiado compleja cuando se entra en la cuestión de la lengua y el habla. La distinción semántica que se hace solo por el uso de la &quot;k&quot; en lugar de la &quot;c&quot;, me parece meramente política. Realmente no veo la necesidad de crear un nuevo verbo que significa casi lo mismo; las palabras no obtienen su significado por sí mismas, sino en relación al contexto, de modo que si se está hablando de la ocupación ilegal de una propiedad, realmente puedo seguir usando la misma palabra. &#xA;También me preocupa que si la RAE ha optado la posición de aceptar todo cuanto es usado por el hablante, eventualmente estaremos escribiendo como hablamos. Ya en la antigua Roma se distinguía el lenguaje hablado del escrito, y siendo el español un derivado del latín, es normal que se encuentre esta misma distinción. &#xA;Las reglamentación de la lengua busca darle un orden y una estructuración determinada; el habla es tan libre como el individuo que la usa. Hay que tener mucho cuidado, pues si seguimos como vamos, os encontraremos con un español escrito sin pies ni cabeza. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1729" LastActivityDate="2013-07-20T05:14:39.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3951" CreationDate="2013-07-20T18:10:59.757" Score="4" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesa saber si existe un diccionario de español en línea, en donde se puedan buscar las palabras por las últimas y no por las primeras letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si uno desea buscar &lt;em&gt;caramba&lt;/em&gt;, uno teclea &quot;&lt;em&gt;ab...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y debe aparecer la lista de palabras que comienzan con &lt;em&gt;ab&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ábaco, abanico, etc.&lt;/em&gt; como sugerencias, de tal manera que uno obtenga todas las palabras (estándar) con un número deseado de letras finales comunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna referencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an online reverse Spanish dictionary: i.e. the input are the last letters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-07-22T04:39:55.633" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T08:08:37.267" Title="Diccionario inverso en línea / Online reverse dictionary" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3950" CreationDate="2013-07-21T02:03:07.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GoodRAE&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, para buscar palabras terminadas en 'osal', busca por &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/index.php?buscar=%2aosal&amp;amp;_pagi_pg=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;*osal&lt;/a&gt; y obtendrás &lt;em&gt;colosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;corrosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rosal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sosal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GoodRAE&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, to search for words ending with 'osal', do a search for &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/index.php?buscar=%2aosal&amp;amp;_pagi_pg=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;*osal&lt;/a&gt; and you'll get &lt;em&gt;colosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;corrosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fosal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rosal&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sosal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T02:03:07.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3950" CreationDate="2013-07-21T07:01:02.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el sitio hermano de alemán, pregunté algo &lt;a href=&quot;https://german.stackexchange.com/questions/7335/german-dictionary-with-reverse-words&quot;&gt;similar&lt;/a&gt;. En la respuesta se sugiere usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dict.leo.org/esde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dict.leo&lt;/a&gt;. Quizá para muchos, sería también útil aplicar misma búsqueda que sugiere @dusan, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://enes.dict.cc/?s=*endo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dict.cc&lt;/a&gt; pues la traducción al inglés (u otro idioma) aparece al dar click en la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:42:15.293" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T07:01:02.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2013-07-21T20:00:40.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Agua'&lt;/em&gt; is feminine by definition (as RAE explains in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/espanol-al-dia/el-agua-esta-agua-mucha-agua-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua, esta agua, mucha agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). The article &lt;em&gt;'el'&lt;/em&gt; is used to avoid stressing of two consecutive identical letters (note that this doesn't happen with all nouns that begin with &lt;em&gt;'a'&lt;/em&gt;). And yes, in this case all Spanish-speaking countries do change the article &lt;em&gt;'la'&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;'el'&lt;/em&gt; for the previous reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Agua'&lt;/em&gt; es femenino por definición (como la RAE explica en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/espanol-al-dia/el-agua-esta-agua-mucha-agua-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua, esta agua, mucha agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). El articulo &lt;em&gt;'el'&lt;/em&gt; es usado para prevenir el arrastre de la vocal (esto no ocurre con todos los sustantivos que inician con &lt;em&gt;'a'&lt;/em&gt;). Y sí, en este caso todos los países hablantes del español cambian el articulo &lt;em&gt;'la'&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;'el'&lt;/em&gt; por ese mismo motivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More info / Más información:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/grammar/a/genderreversal.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/cs/grammar/a/genderreversal.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-02-24T16:28:00.620" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T16:28:00.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3955" CreationDate="2013-07-21T23:17:04.403" Score="6" ViewCount="2391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; to translate &quot;remember&quot; and &quot;remind&quot;. Both came out to be &lt;code&gt;recordar&lt;/code&gt;. Why is there no distinction made? You can only &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt; something by yourself, but you have to &lt;em&gt;remind&lt;/em&gt; someone else of something. How can recordar represent two different actions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T20:21:06.587" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T20:21:06.587" Title="How do you distinguish between &quot;remember&quot; and &quot;remind&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3954" CreationDate="2013-07-22T04:35:02.893" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recordar&lt;/em&gt; (and incidentally &lt;em&gt;acordar&lt;/em&gt;) in Spanish works more like &lt;em&gt;recall&lt;/em&gt; in English, than like &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;remind&lt;/em&gt;.  In English, &lt;em&gt;recall&lt;/em&gt; can be used in both senses as &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt;, and context determines the meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't remember his name / I don't recall his name. &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;No recuerdo su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remind me of his name / Recall to me his name. &amp;rarr; &lt;em&gt;Recuérdeme su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, the words &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;recall&lt;/em&gt; are more about the act of pulling something from memory (similar to &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt;), than the act of communication (as in &lt;em&gt;remind&lt;/em&gt;).  In the case of recalling to someone, it's the &quot;to someone&quot; part that implies the communication, not the verb itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Remember&lt;/em&gt; in English &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; also work this way, although it's rather rare, archaic or used for artistic purposes.  Consider the traditional English ballad made famous by Simon &amp;amp; Garfunkel as &lt;em&gt;Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you going to Scarborough Fair?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Remember me to one who lives there&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She once was a true love of mine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T19:35:54.407" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T19:35:54.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3954" CreationDate="2013-07-22T13:38:59.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When Spanish people learn English we have the same problem, why do you use two verbs ? For us &lt;code&gt;recordar&lt;/code&gt; is used in both cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordar means  &lt;code&gt;Traer a la memoria algo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether you want to share it with someone or not is up to you, because before reminding somebody to do something, you have to remember it ;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T19:40:51.323" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T19:40:51.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2013-07-22T16:36:21.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Palabra del lenguaje propio de Nicaragua que surge en las carceles de Leon en tiempos del dictador Anastasio Somoza Debayle y que significa literalmente bueno...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1734" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T16:36:21.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3529" CreationDate="2013-07-22T17:36:57.713" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a lot of female cousins and your wife, girlfriend or date probably won't meet them all. So if you happen to be talking or spending a lot of time with a girl or even seeing someone else and your partner/date questions you about her it's a great excuse to say she is your cousin since she can't get mad that you are spending time with your &amp;quot;family&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&amp;quot;Y ¿quién es tu amiguita?&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;¿De quién es esa foto?&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;¿Con quién estabas hablando?&amp;quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&amp;quot;Es mi prima.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&amp;quot;Ah... ok.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why it also says &amp;quot;Es fácil ser hombre&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T17:10:45.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3965" CreationDate="2013-07-22T20:20:05.980" Score="9" ViewCount="3477" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece interesante que la palabra &lt;em&gt;ojo&lt;/em&gt; aparente la forma de dos ojos y una nariz en medio. ¿Es esto mera coincidencia o la palabra se creó intencionalmente de esta forma para que tuviera este aspecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="45" LastEditDate="2013-07-23T01:17:04.647" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T11:34:06.563" Title="¿Existe relación entre la palabra &quot;OJO&quot; y su apariencia?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3529" CreationDate="2013-07-23T08:08:28.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@darkajax answer gives probably the most accurate connotation, but I'd say that it's not the only one. &lt;code&gt;A la prima se le arrima&lt;/code&gt; is unarguably the topic they evoke with the word &lt;code&gt;prima&lt;/code&gt; in there, but &lt;code&gt;arrimar&lt;/code&gt; is not &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; an euphemism for &quot;bringing your genitals closer to her&quot;. It also means just &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;introduce me to your cousin, that's what you are expected to do with a cousin!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I don't consider it always as an offense. Of course in the Tecate poster, it's the vulgar connotation they refer to, but I complement darkajax's answer just to let people know that the phrase it's not always that vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1459" LastEditDate="2013-08-26T16:31:21.927" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T16:31:21.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-23T08:50:55.440" Score="8" ViewCount="9270" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos los que alguna vez hayan estado en México —y quizá en otros paises donde se practique el albur— saben que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1ZVdKVJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la definición que da el DRAE&lt;/a&gt; para la palabra &quot;albur&quot; es paupérrima:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Méx. y R. Dom. Juego de palabras de doble sentido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albur_(M%C3%A9xico)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; tampoco es totalmente satisfactorio. En particular, se &lt;em&gt;axiomatiza&lt;/em&gt; el albur de una manera rara, refiriéndose más a una competencia que a la práctica en la vida diaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien tiene una mejor definición para albur?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T14:15:50.213" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:15:50.213" Title="¿Cuál es la definición de albur? Could you define &quot;albur&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3962" CreationDate="2013-07-23T15:03:30.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El albur fino va más allá que el refrán popular, pues se apoya en la dualidad de la sexualidad recreada verbalmente con la picardía. Alburear es aprender a retorcer y exprimir el vocabulario para recrear el lado erótico del verbo, de manera concisa y contundente. En el barrio, alburear es un lenguaje escondido en las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te dejo el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chilango.com/ciudad/nota/2013/03/01/silabario-del-albur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; de donde saqué la info, la parte donde explica lo que es y cómo se hace es después del vídeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T14:11:41.147" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:11:41.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3884" CreationDate="2013-07-23T17:52:24.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se utiliza &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; para generalizar ya que &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; es masculino y &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; es femenino, al usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, no solamente le hablan de usted (cortesía), también generaliza para no encerrar a un género específico ya que muchas veces no saben si hablan con una mujer o un hombre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1739" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-07-24T08:58:44.507" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T08:58:44.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3959" CreationDate="2013-07-23T23:50:35.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como belisarius dijo antes: &quot;Problemente no. Viene del latín vulgar (oculus) y como en otras palabras la terminación &quot;culus&quot; derivó en &quot;jo&quot; (Por ejemplo veclus -&gt; viejo)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, algunas veces se dibuja sólamente porque queda un lindo efecto gráfico, nada que ver con el lenguaje en sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1727" LastActivityDate="2013-07-23T23:50:35.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3950" CreationDate="2013-07-24T04:02:46.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know of any on-line reverse spanish language dictionary.  However, I did publish &quot;A Reverse Dictionary of the Spanish Language&quot; in 1973.  It is available at most research libraries.  You can find all the answers to inquiries you might have in it. I did the work in 1966 because of a spanish linguistics course wherein I needed to know all the words that ended in a specific suffix and couldn't find an source for the information, so I built it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do have the data in digital format but have never made it available.&#xA;If you cannot locate a copy please let me know where you are and I will see if I can find one near you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1741" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-07-24T08:58:34.710" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T08:58:34.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3968" CreationDate="2013-07-24T16:22:02.833" Score="3" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a Mexican contractor to remodel my house, so it is quite common that I need to describe the sides of objects. I would like to speak with informal street-style Mexican with him because he once told me that I talk like a textbook. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NrVth.png&quot; alt=&quot;cube&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The left side&lt;/strong&gt;. Is it enough to say &lt;code&gt;la izquierda&lt;/code&gt; or must I say &lt;code&gt;el lado izquierdo&lt;/code&gt;? If I say it without &lt;code&gt;lado&lt;/code&gt;, should it be masculine or feminine?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The right side&lt;/strong&gt;. Ditto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The front&lt;/strong&gt;. Is it &lt;code&gt;el frente&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The back&lt;/strong&gt;. I've been using &lt;code&gt;el fondo&lt;/code&gt; for a long time, but recently discovered that &lt;code&gt;fondo&lt;/code&gt; can mean both back and bottom. Should I use a less ambiguous word? I know that &lt;code&gt;debajo&lt;/code&gt; is the adjective meaning below. Is it permissible to convert it to a noun be saying &lt;code&gt;el debajo&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The top&lt;/strong&gt;. Google Translate says &lt;code&gt;la parte superior&lt;/code&gt;. When translated verbatim back to English, it sounds like &quot;the superior part&quot;, which only a scientific article would say. Is that considered too formal? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The bottom&lt;/strong&gt;. Google Translate says &lt;code&gt;la parte inferior&lt;/code&gt;, which I feel is just as awkward as &lt;code&gt;superior&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T14:45:09.417" Title="How do you describe the directional parts of an object?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3967" CreationDate="2013-07-24T16:51:44.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The left side  &amp;lt;- a la izquierda o del lado izquierdo&#xA;The right side &amp;lt;- a la derecha o del lado derecho&#xA;The front      &amp;lt;- enfrente/ al frente&#xA;The back       &amp;lt;- atrás, el fondo(pensando en algo que se abre u observa al frente el fondo es la parte de atrás como un microondas.&#xA;The top        &amp;lt;- arriba&#xA;The bottom     &amp;lt;- abajo, el fondo (pensando en algo que se abre o se observa de arriba como un barril)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para el cubo quiero que el lado derecho e izquierdo sean verdes, al&#xA;  frente morado, atras negro, arriba rosa y abajo/el fondo no tiene caso&#xA;  pintarlo porque no se verá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T14:45:09.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T14:45:09.417" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-24T18:58:12.603" Score="21" ViewCount="36866" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde vienen las palabras para nombrar a los números?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En especial estoy interesado en el origen de las palabras 'once', 'doce', 'trece', 'catorce' y 'quince'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usamos un sistema numérico de base 10, ¿por qué estas palabras existen pero luego utilizamos las compuestas dieciséis (diez + seis), diecisiete (diez + siete), etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece muy curioso que en francés usen vocablos similares pero luego en 16 no digan dix-six sino seize. Es decir, es como si tuvieran una palabra más que nosotros en este sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1743" LastActivityDate="2020-05-18T06:23:11.017" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de los nombres de los números?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3976" CreationDate="2013-07-25T00:04:28.610" Score="9" ViewCount="2082" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra vez en el contexto IT, cuando uno pasa el cursor del ratón sobre un elemento de una página web por ejemplo, en inglés se dice &quot;hover&quot; y en francés &quot;survoler&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe el verbo &quot;sobrevolar&quot; en castellano que no me parece mal pero sí me resulta pesado al oido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué opinan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T14:42:55.117" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T14:42:55.117" Title="¿hover/survoler/sobrevolar? ¿cuál sería la mejor traducción?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2013-07-25T06:18:39.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra que buscas es &quot;sobreponer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1723" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T06:18:39.103" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3975" CreationDate="2013-07-25T07:52:58.933" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frecuentemente me toca escribir correos pidiendo a la gente que me haga algo más rápido. Estoy seguro que el verbo que debo usar es 'agilizar'. Pero es un verbo que me cuesta utilizar.&#xA;Alguien me puede explicar como decir las siguientes frases en Castellano utilizando 'agilizar' (o un verbo alternativo si lo hay)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Is there anything I can do to help speed things up?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;How can we get this done quickly?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;If we make this change will it speed things up?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por adelantado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1679" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-07-29T14:12:22.093" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T14:12:22.093" Title="Agilizar el tema" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2013-07-25T09:23:23.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En CSS que es donde más se usa según la definición de la w3schools de hover es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The :hover selector is used to select elements when you mouse over them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/sel_hover.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/sel_hover.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues es al pasar el ratón por encima de algo, y el verbo de encima es encimar, si vamos a la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;encimar.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;(De encima).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Poner en alto a alguien o algo. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Poner a alguien o algo sobre otra persona o cosa. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de otras definiciones la segunda cumple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T09:30:48.413" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T09:30:48.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3972" CreationDate="2013-07-25T09:25:57.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Hay algo que pueda hacer para agilizar / acelerar las cosas?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Cómo podemos conseguir que estos temas se terminen a la mayor brevedad?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Si realizamos este cambio, ¿se agilizarán / acelerarán las cosas?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, both &lt;code&gt;agilizar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;acelerar&lt;/code&gt; can be used. I agree with you that &lt;code&gt;agilizar&lt;/code&gt; sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T09:25:57.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3972" CreationDate="2013-07-25T09:29:39.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agilizar el tema&lt;/em&gt; es exacto, pero la vaguedad de &lt;em&gt;el tema&lt;/em&gt; le da un aire informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prueba con lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedo hacer algo para agilizar el proceso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como podríamos terminar esto rápidamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Haciendo este cambio aceleraríamos las cosas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T09:29:39.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2013-07-25T09:46:12.960" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;Pasar/deslizar el cursor/ratón por la imágen&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, con todas las palabras. Al menos es como yo lo he visto y como menos me chocaría. Y soy profesional de la informática por si eso ayuda algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al pasar el cursor del ratón sobre el icono, aparecerá un texto descriptivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evita el término &lt;em&gt;&quot;Sobrevolar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que quiere decir pasar físicamente, posiblemente en avión, por encima de algo. No es lo que quieres en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hover&quot;&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;volar sin desplazarse del sitio&lt;/em&gt; no tiene una traducción uno a uno al español. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hover&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es lo que hacen los helicópteros, o los colibríes al libar de una flor. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Levitar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; podría valer en algún caso, pero eso no vale para pájaros o helicópteros. Y mucho menos para el cursor en una pantalla de ordenador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estas traduciendo un programa o un texto técnico, mi recomendación es ir por el camino trillado, usar la jerga del sector y evitar la creatividad. Procura decir las cosas como las dicen otros. Por desgracia, la jerga informática es distinta en España e Hispanoamérica de manera que deberás tener en cuenta a qué mercado va dirigido el texto que estas escribiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi consejo es que averigües cómo resuelven el problema en traducciones de programas similares. Las grandes casas de software como Microsoft, Adobe o IBM suelen hacer excelentes traducciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T12:55:20.343" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T12:55:20.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3979" CreationDate="2013-07-25T12:40:53.193" Score="11" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;For many years I've been asking myself this single and simple question : why &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;subir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, that should logically come from the latin &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sub-ire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; that we can translate into &lt;strong&gt;go down&lt;/strong&gt; in English, does mean &lt;strong&gt;go up&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish!? What is then the real etymology of this word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde que estudié latín en la escuela hace 6 años, siempre me pregunté esta sencilla pregunta: ¿por qué &lt;strong&gt;subir&lt;/strong&gt;, que en mi opinión vendría de la palabra latina &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sub-ire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que quiere decir literalmente &lt;strong&gt;ir hacia abajo&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;bajar&lt;/strong&gt;), tiene el significado opuesto a la traducción literal y etimológica? ¿Cuál es entonces la verdadera etimología de esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1744" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T13:43:38.390" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:25:48.557" Title="What is the etymology of the word 'subir'? / ¿Cuál es la etimología de la palabra 'subir'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3969" CreationDate="2013-07-25T13:56:48.600" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muy buena pregunta. He estado buscando, insuficiente como para considerarlo un comentario pero suficiente como para discutirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE vemos cual es el origen de la adopción de diez signos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existen dos sistemas básicos para representar los números mediante signos: la «numeración arábiga», llamada así porque fue introducida en Occidente por los árabes, y la «numeración romana», heredada de los romanos. Además, los números pueden representarse mediante palabras, denominadas «numerales». En la numeración arábiga, cualquier número puede representarse mediante la combinación de solo diez signos, llamados cifras o dígitos: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; la numeración romana se basa en el empleo de siete letras del alfabeto latino, a las que corresponde un valor numérico fijo. Debido a su mayor simplicidad, la numeración arábiga sustituyó en la Edad Media al sistema romano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/?key=n%C3%BAmeros&quot;&gt;Fuente: RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para 'once', 'doce', 'trece', 'catorce' y 'quince' como bien menciona JoulSauron el once proviene de &quot;undecim&quot;, como podemos ver en la tabla de &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix%3aLatin_cardinal_numbers&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que pararan en el quince y en francés haya 16 es por razones históricas, como responde un usuario a una &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070525120408AANyxdx&quot;&gt;pregunta similar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Trataron de ponerle nombres propios a cada número: once, doce, trece, catorce, quince, pero a partir de entonces decidieron que no valía la pena darle un nombre a cada uno de ellos, así que surge la regla dieciséis, diecisiete.&#xA;Además eso pasó en todos los idiomas: eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, aquí eso pasó sólo hasta el doce y después surge la regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En francés: onze, douze, treize, quatorze, quinze, seize, dix-sept, dix-huit.&#xA;Aquí llegó hasta el dieciséis y luego la regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Italiano: undici, dodici, tredici, quattordici, quindici, sedici, diciassette y diciotto, también hasta el dieciséis y luego la regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En alemán solo el once y el doce: elf, zwölf, dreizehn, vierzehn. fünfzehn, sechzehn, siebzehn y achtzehn y luego la regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En portugués: onze, doze, treze, quatorze, quinze, dezesseis, dezessete y dezoito&#xA;hasta el quince igual que en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En griego: solo el once y el doce: ένδεκα, δώδεκα, δέκα τρία, δεκατέσσερα, δεκαπέντε, δέκα έξι, δεκαεπτά y δεκαοχτώ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver simplemente trataron de darle nombre a los números siguientes al diez y después aprendieron que era mejor una regla, pero ya se llamaban así y  así se quedaron.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**Añado en catalán, hasta el 16 y luego la regla: onze, dotze, tretze, catorze, quinze, setze, disset, divuit, dinou.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay un número tope al que todos se ciñeran porque muchos venían de la numeración romana sino de cómo cada zona adopto la nueva numeración poniéndoles nombres propios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del español los nombres se asemejan al latín hasta el 12:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latín -&gt; Español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unus -&gt; uno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;duo -&gt; dos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tres -&gt;tres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quattuor -&gt; cuatro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quinque -&gt; cinco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sex -&gt; seis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;septem -&gt; siete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;octo -&gt; ocho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;novem -&gt;nueve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;decem --&gt; diez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta el 15 se abrevian:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;undecim --&gt; (un+dece) -&gt; abreviado a once&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;duodecim --&gt; (duo+dece) -&gt; abreviado a doce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tredecim --&gt; (tres+dece) trece&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quattordecim --&gt; (quattor+dece) --&gt; catorce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quindecim --&gt;(quinque+dece) quince&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que los ordinales si que se asemejan: (decem) décimo, undécimo, duodécimo, y hasta el 19 cambian el decem/décimo a prefijo -&gt; decimoquinto, decimosexto, decimoséptimo, decimoctavo, decimonoveno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/N%C3%BAmero_ordinal&quot;&gt;Fuente:enciclopedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-07-29T22:08:59.810" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T22:08:59.810" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3977" CreationDate="2013-07-25T13:58:37.257" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como tu lo mencionas, subire esta compuesto por &lt;code&gt;sub&lt;/code&gt; (bajo/abajo) + &lt;code&gt;ire&lt;/code&gt; (ir/avanzar) y si es la etimología correcta, sin embargo lo estas viendo con el enfoque opuesto, es decir, &lt;code&gt;subire&lt;/code&gt; no significa &lt;code&gt;ir/avanzar hacia abajo&lt;/code&gt; sino lo contrario &lt;code&gt;ir/avanzar DESDE abajo&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;↑&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T14:25:48.557" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:25:48.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2013-07-25T14:22:57.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dijo deStrangis creo que la mejor traduccion es &lt;code&gt;pasar&lt;/code&gt;, pero otras que se me ocurren son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;desplazar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;colocar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;mover&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;situar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;mover&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;poner&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;posicionar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente lo que venga después de esa palabra es importante para completar el concepto (&lt;code&gt;sobre&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;encima&lt;/code&gt;). Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elige el menú Archivo y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;desplaza el ratón sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la opción Descargar como.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Coloque el mouse sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; cada icono para ver el nombre del programa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mueve el cursor sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; una imagen para ver el panel de desplazamiento del cursor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para ver un comentario después de insertarlo, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;sitúa el ratón encima&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; del indicador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basta con pulsar Mayús mientras &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;arrastras el puntero del ratón sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la forma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mueva el puntero del mouse sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la ventana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El texto que escriba aquí se mostrará en el área del gráfico cuando &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;ponga el puntero del ratón sobre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el área.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;posiciona el puntero del ratón encima&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de una de las entradas, se mostrará la ruta del documento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También pueden usarse por su cuenta &lt;code&gt;sobreponer&lt;/code&gt; (como mencionó gbestard) y &lt;code&gt;superponer&lt;/code&gt; (como menciono deStrangis)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T14:34:39.453" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:34:39.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2013-07-25T14:41:10.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides &lt;code&gt;alfombra&lt;/code&gt; it's not uncommon in northern Mexico (at least in Chihuahua) to use &lt;code&gt;tapete&lt;/code&gt; (while that mostly refers to &lt;code&gt;rug&lt;/code&gt; it's also a valid word for &lt;code&gt;carpet&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T14:41:10.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2013-07-26T13:51:02.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The language used by your contractor is not Spanish (be it Mexican Spanish or a dialect), but rather &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanglish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanglish&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact this is the very example used in &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/spanish/misc/newsid_5414000/5414864.stm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BBC article&lt;/a&gt; describing the phenomenon. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'Tienes que vacuumclinear la carpeta en la yarda porque tiene un&#xA;  damage'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-28T16:12:52.527" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T16:12:52.527" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-26T18:49:13.933" Score="6" ViewCount="1894" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leido la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/torito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;torito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con el siguiente significado, obtenido de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Méx. Pregunta capciosa de difícil respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología? ¿Tiene que ver con alguna fiesta taurina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T06:09:14.613" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;torito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3983" CreationDate="2013-07-26T20:14:52.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tiene entonces diferentes significados dependiendo del contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe una Película de la época de oro del cine mexicano que se llama “&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosotros_los_pobres&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nosotros los pobres&lt;/a&gt;” donde se abordan entre otras cosas los problemas de Pepe un carpintero a quién además todos apodan El toro. Este hombre pertenecía  a la clase social baja del  México de aquella época y va de infortunio en infortunio. En una escena después de perder a su hijo, quien sería &quot;el torito&quot;, grita la ahora popular palabra a causa del  afecto y la angustia de haber perdido a su único hijo. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dvdenlinea.com/cgi-bin/10mas.cgi?tipo=6&amp;amp;especifico=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Torito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta película fue muy popular en su época y aún en estos días se sigue manteniendo el “Torito” como una palabra que denota algún hecho difícil o alguna tribulación o pesar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro significado podría ser el que mencionas y podría efectivamente venir de la relación entre la cornada que puede provocar un toro y el &quot;daño&quot; que podría ocasionarte el no saber que contestar ante una pregunta dificil e importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo yo la he escuchado más en el primer contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-07-26T20:40:03.593" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T20:40:03.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2013-07-27T01:30:24.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el verbo más apropiado es &quot;estacionar&quot;.  No lleva el sentido de vuelo, pero si sugiere la falta de movimiento, que es lo esencial de &quot;hover&quot; en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo sobre helicópteros en Wikipedia se describe lo que llaman &quot;vuelo estacionario&quot;, o &quot;hovering&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si se estaciona el cursor sobre el botón, éste cambia de color.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2013-07-27T02:08:13.760" LastActivityDate="2013-07-27T02:08:13.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-27T05:25:52.703" Score="4" ViewCount="745" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tu lk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I received this text from a Nicaraguan. Can anyone tell me what it means? I checked with several online sources, however could not find any definition for this texting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1748" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:17:12.130" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:17:12.130" Title="What does &quot;tu lk&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1504" CreationDate="2013-07-27T21:17:00.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is used to denote excess or exaggeration. Here is how I would translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: El profesor de matemáticas nos encargó, el día de hoy, resolver cien problemas algebraicos para mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: ¡Ah se la bañó! Son muchos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: The math teacher gave us, just today, 100 algebra problems to solve by tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: Wow, he/she swamped you. That's a lot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: Olvidé que ayer era el cumpleaños de mi mamá.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: Te la bañaste. ¿Cómo se te pudo olvidar algo así?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: I forgot that yesterday was my Mom's birthday.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: You really blew it. How could you forget something like that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: Estabamos caminando a lado de la alberca y aventé a mi hermano a ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: Te bañaste. Qué malo eres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A: We were walking a long the edge of the pool and I shoved my brother in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B: You went to far. You're terrible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while there is not a single expression in English that covers all the ways that it is used in Mexico, you can translate it using any number of regional colloquial phrases that express excess. The logic of the phrase is like the English phrase of bathing your food with a sauce. Think of the action of submersing something in a tub of water, it was more than what was needed to clean it. Please note that in most of the other Spanish-speaking countries of the Americas, it is either not used or it only expresses negative excess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1749" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T22:53:45.350" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T22:53:45.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3989" CreationDate="2013-07-28T04:22:06.693" Score="4" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.organizartemagazine.com/como-organizarte-estudiando-y-trabajando-desde-casa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo organizarte estudiando y trabajando desde casa&lt;/a&gt; this sentence in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estudiar y trabajar al mismo tiempo siempre &lt;strong&gt;resulta&lt;/strong&gt; un gran desafío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which in English means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Studying and working at the same time always &lt;em&gt;result&lt;/em&gt; in a big challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the singular form of &quot;resultar&quot; used? There are 2 subjects, estudiar and trabajar&#xA;so shouldn't &quot;resultan&quot; be used? In the English edition, we don't use the singular form &quot;results.&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:57:33.747" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:28:30.947" Title="Subject-Verb agreement in &quot;Estudiar y trabajar resulta...&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3988" CreationDate="2013-07-28T11:56:49.817" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subject is &quot;Estudiar y trabajar al mismo tiempo&quot;, and this is a single action (although it might be composed of two independent actions), whence the verb is conjugated in singular. Both actions (estudiar, trabajar) are joined by &quot;al mismo tiempo&quot;. This last adverb tell us to consider the actions as a whole. That wouldn't be the case e.g. for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estudiar y trabajar &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; cosas que la generación actual no quiere hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the verb is in plural, because these actions are no longer joined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T11:56:49.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1504" CreationDate="2013-07-28T12:18:08.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you know the meaning now. But the origin turns out being, to me, an rhythmic euphemism to for the most common and vulgar expression &lt;em&gt;te la mamaste&lt;/em&gt;, which has the same meaning. &lt;em&gt;Te la mamaste&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;te la bañaste&lt;/em&gt; have the same syllable at the end, same rhythmic, same vowels. If you hear a twangy version of both expressions, you cannot tell which is which.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example illustrating this phenomenon would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Pepe, &lt;em&gt;no manches&lt;/em&gt;, otra vez llegaste borracho!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;no manches&quot; stands actually for a &quot;no mames&quot;, which I think you are familiar with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T12:18:08.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-28T12:26:14.803" Score="5" ViewCount="2632" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda respecto al uso de &quot;creerle&quot; o &quot;creerla&quot;. He escrito algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- Quiero pedirte disculpas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Recordando la noche anterior, a Martín le costó creerle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una persona que posiblemente tenga un dominio del idioma mucho mejor que el mío me ha sugerido cambiar &quot;creerle&quot; por &quot;creerla&quot;. Sin embargo me suena muy poco natural, aunque es posible que la causa sea que mi español nativo es latinoamericano y el suyo es de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es una de las dos formas claramente correcta, o es cuestión de preferencia o dialecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1751" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-07-30T08:22:39.410" LastActivityDate="2013-07-30T08:22:39.410" Title="&quot;Creerle&quot; vs &quot;Creerla&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3993" CreationDate="2013-07-28T17:40:00.870" Score="2" ViewCount="1232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know how to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I have had a great night with you&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1754" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-28T18:40:23.323" LastActivityDate="2013-07-31T09:57:22.220" Title="I have had a great night with you" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3992" CreationDate="2013-07-28T18:04:56.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an increasing degree of how good the night was, or how much you want to express it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La pasé bien contigo&lt;/em&gt; (maybe it's not necessary to refer to &quot;the night&quot;), or &lt;em&gt;la pasé bien contigo anoche&lt;/em&gt; (last night) or &lt;em&gt;la pasé bien contigo la otra noche&lt;/em&gt; (if it wasn't yesterday)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasé una muy buena noche contigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ayer estuviste excelente!&lt;/em&gt; (deviation from literal meaning, and a more sexual connotation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La noche que pasé contigo fue maravillosa,&lt;/em&gt; (may be a little formal) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-07-28T18:30:50.303" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T18:30:50.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3991" CreationDate="2013-07-28T18:23:12.853" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cuestión de laísmo, leísmo (que también hay mucho en España) y loísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimológicamente, sin duda el pronombre de acusativo femenino con función de complemento directo es &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; y el masculino es &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, mientras &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; es un pronombre de dativo (del latín &lt;em&gt;illi&lt;/em&gt;) que desempeña la función de complemento indirecto, independientemente del género del sustantivo al que se refiere el pronombre, aunque en  oraciones impersonales se ha usado el dativo como complemento directo (&amp;quot;Se le cree desaparecido&amp;quot;) desde los orígenes del castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás por ello, para complicar más las cosas, desde desde los primeros textos medievales castellanos se comenzó a emplear &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; también como acusativo masculino de persona y &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; para el acusativo masculino de cosa, aunque esto no caló mucho en Andalucía, y por tanto, tampoco se extendió mucho por América, donde el leísmo puede ser más  bien por influencia de otras lenguas y aplicado de formas menos aceptadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para terminar de enredarlo todo, no siempre está claro cuando un verbo requiere un pronombre como CD o CI. Los verbos llamados de «afección psíquica» como &lt;em&gt;afectar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;asustar&lt;/em&gt; y algunos otros admiten tanto el uso de los pronombres acusativos como dativos. En esto casos la elección depende de que el sujeto sea animado y el agente de la acción,en cuyo caso el complemento verbal suele considerarse directo y se  emplea el acusativo, o bien el si sujeto es inanimado o es una oración, que no puede ser agente directos de la acción, entonces el complemento se considera indirecto y se usan el dativo, aunque no siempre es así porque pueden intervenir otros factores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, si asimilamos &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; a un «verbo de percepción» o de «afección psíquica» donde la acción proviene de una persona (las cosas no piden disculpas), sería más adecuado el acusativo, pero no se sabe a quién se refiere el pronombre en el ejemplo. Por tanto;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cree a Juan debería ser &lt;em&gt;creerlo&lt;/em&gt;, pero también sería aceptable &lt;strong&gt;creerle&lt;/strong&gt; (y quizás considerada más culta en España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cree a María, debería ser &lt;em&gt;creerla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no está clara la premisa (que &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; e sea un verbo de afección psíquica como &lt;em&gt;asustar&lt;/em&gt;, ni de percepción como &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, ni que sea descabellado usar el dativo en este caso), sobre todo sí María impone mucho respeto, porque entonces entre en juego el generalizado y aceptado (según la RAE) «leísmo de cortesía». Consideren que dicen en la consulta de un médico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo dijo la doctora María, pero me cuesta creerle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo dijo mi amiga María, pero me cuesta creerla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos usarían siempre &lt;em&gt;creerla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;creerle&lt;/em&gt; en ambos casos, pero muy raramente emplearían ambas palabras al contrario, simplemente porque el consejo médico de una doctora (aunque no nos convenciera) generalmente merece mayor consideración que el consejo médico de la vecina del 4ºB. Pero  un criterio basado en la cortesía puede ser muy laxo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión: En mi opinión, ambos usos son aceptables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T18:23:12.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4000" CreationDate="2013-07-28T18:33:14.263" Score="4" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Repitiendo este proceso muchas veces, y determinando la proporción de éxitos para cada muestra, &lt;strong&gt;ilustra&lt;/strong&gt; la idea de la variabilidad de muestra a muestra en la proporción muestral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should &lt;strong&gt;ilustra&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ilustran&lt;/strong&gt; be used? We have &lt;em&gt;repitiendo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;determinando...&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;in a parenthetical expression but these two can both be the subjects.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:13:13.357" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:14:32.677" Title="Subject - Verb Agreement: Repitiendo..., y determinando, ilustra" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3991" CreationDate="2013-07-28T19:53:31.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como la duda es entre creerle o creerla supongo que estas refiriéndote a una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recordando la noche anterior, a Martín le costó creer (a María/a Juan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podría ser sobre algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recordando la noche anterior, a Martín le costo creer (la noticia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es otro caso de leísmo y ambas son aceptadas &quot;creerle/creerla&quot;, aunque me decanto por &quot;creerla/creerlo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es el leismo? El uso de las formas de complemento indirecto &lt;code&gt;le, les&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de las de complemento directo &lt;code&gt;lo, los&lt;/code&gt; (para el masculino o neutro) y &lt;code&gt;la, las&lt;/code&gt; (para el femenino), como en le mataron, les contrataron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creer es un verbo transitivo y &quot;a Maria / a Juan&quot; es el complemento directo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes una tabla en la RAE sobre el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pronombres personales átonos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde aparece:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;3ª pers.singular para el complemento directo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;masculino : lo ,también le(leísmo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;femenino : la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo la tabla y como ya menciona Fran si la acción recae a María será &lt;code&gt;creerla&lt;/code&gt; , en caso de ser Juan &lt;code&gt;creerlo&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;creerle&lt;/code&gt;(leísmo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;code&gt;Manual De La Nueva Gramática De La Lengua Española&lt;/code&gt; se puede ver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La valoración del leísmo está en función de las alternancias entre&#xA;  dativo y acusativo. En efecto, unos hablantes construyen ciertos verbos (notablemente,&#xA;  ayudar, creer, escuchar y obedecer, pero no solo estos) &lt;strong&gt;con objeto directo,&#xA;  mientras que otros lo hacen con objeto indirecto. Los primeros perciben como leístas&#xA;  expresiones como ayudarles o creerles, que resultan naturales para los segundos&lt;/strong&gt;. Las&#xA;  diferencias a las que dan lugar estos verbos, algunos de los cuales ya admitían dativo&#xA;  en latín, suelen estar sujetas a variación geográfica. Por ejemplo, en la mayor parte de&#xA;  los países americanos se construye &lt;strong&gt;creer&lt;/strong&gt; con complemento indirecto de persona&#xA;  (creer a María &gt; creerle), pero con complemento directo de cosa (creer una historia&#xA;  creerla): ¿O sea que tú le crees a la vieja? —le preguntó Paloma—. ¿Tú sí le crees?&#xA;  (Bayly, Días). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como no leísta hago uso del objeto directo. Como eres hispanohablante (ggambet) depende de la persona a quien envíes el mensaje le puede parecer más natural una forma u otra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, si me dieran a escoger haría uso del no leísmo que es mayoría en la península, de hecho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El leísmo es un rasgo característico de los dialectos del centro de la península Ibérica, a los que la Real Academia Española considera actualmente vulgares. El dictamen académico se ha moderado recientemente, y &lt;strong&gt;se considera aceptable&lt;/strong&gt; la forma leísta exclusivamente cuando el complemento directo de la acción es una persona de sexo masculino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El leísmo es una excepción, aceptado y usado sobretodo en el habla, pero en la escritura me ceñiría a la norma.&#xA;Si es masculino creerlo, si es femenino creerla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-07-28T20:00:25.190" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T20:00:25.190" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3999" CreationDate="2013-07-29T03:54:16.600" Score="10" ViewCount="26939" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the meaning of the phrase &quot;Me cae bien&quot;: &lt;em&gt;I like him/her&lt;/em&gt; (in a strictly platonic sense), or &lt;em&gt;He leaves a good impression&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But recently I have heard the phrase &lt;em&gt;Me cae gordo&lt;/em&gt; (in Mexico).  It's clearly a similar construction as the previous, but what does it mean? Where does the phrase come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T09:37:35.483" Title="Meaning of &quot;Me cae gordo&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3997" CreationDate="2013-07-29T05:00:25.410" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me cae gordo&lt;/code&gt; means exactly the opposite :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I truly dislike him/her. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I added the &lt;em&gt;truly&lt;/em&gt; to make emphasis.) As from where the expression comes, I have no clue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1738" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-07-29T08:18:00.677" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T08:18:00.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3997" CreationDate="2013-07-29T08:45:03.013" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;From DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JLSh4xE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gordo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caer gordo, da a alguien otra persona&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. loc. verb. coloq. Resultarle antipática, molesta o desagradable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T09:37:35.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3995" CreationDate="2013-07-29T11:33:42.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither &lt;code&gt;ilustra&lt;/code&gt; nor &lt;code&gt;ilustran&lt;/code&gt; should be used! You can't use them because in fact &lt;em&gt;repitiendo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;determinando&lt;/em&gt; cannot be the subject of the sentence. In Spanish, unlike in English, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Gerundio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gerunds cannot act as nouns&lt;/a&gt;, so they cannot be the subject...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The infinitive, however, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Infinitivo#Rasgos_comunes_con_los_sustantivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;can act as a noun&lt;/a&gt;, so you could change the verbs of the sentence to their infinitive form: &lt;code&gt;repetir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;determinar&lt;/code&gt;. And in this case, I'd go for &lt;code&gt;ilustra&lt;/code&gt;, since both &lt;code&gt;repetir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;determinar&lt;/code&gt; must be done together as a single process...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, if you want to keep the gerund forms, you need a subject for your sentence, so you have a couple of options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The best option in my opinion would be to use &lt;code&gt;se ilustra&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Pasiva%20refleja%20e%20impersonal%20refleja-NGLE.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But you could also use &lt;code&gt;ilustramos&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ilustran&lt;/code&gt;, depending on who is performing the actions, namely who is &lt;em&gt;repitiendo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;determinando&lt;/em&gt; (we or they)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T11:33:42.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3991" CreationDate="2013-07-29T14:05:17.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo creo = No crees algo que se dijo o fue mencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No le creo (a ella/a él /a usted) / No te creo (a ti) = No creo lo que dice una persona. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T14:05:17.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3995" CreationDate="2013-07-29T16:01:40.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is part of a problem you must solve, like a practice after learning something, it is Ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Repitiendo este proceso muchas veces, y determinando la proporción de éxitos para cada muestra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ilustra&lt;/strong&gt; la idea de la variabilidad de muestra a muestra en la proporción muestral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first part is telling you what you are going to do, you'll repeat the process you learn (that I asumme is a part of the text you didn't write) and after doing it, it indicates you need to write on your own words &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ilustrar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;- what variability from sample to sample,in the sample proportion, means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why use Ilustra? Why not Ilustrar?. It is because is an instruction so the verb is not longer in its infinitive form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Write the answer&quot;- &quot;Escribe la respuesta&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Explain the concept&quot; - &quot;Ilustra el concepto&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a book/test never says &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ilustrar concepto&quot;, &quot;Escribir respuesta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Editor's note: in other words, &lt;strong&gt;ilustra&lt;/strong&gt; is an &lt;strong&gt;imperative verb&lt;/strong&gt;, conjugated in the informal &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:14:32.677" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:14:32.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3997" CreationDate="2013-07-29T20:10:51.597" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I don't have a specific source to base my claims, I believe that the usage of &lt;code&gt;gordo&lt;/code&gt; is closely related to certain meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/pesado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pesado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (as one would expect a fat person to be heavy in weight):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pesado, da.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Molesto, enfadoso, impertinente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Duro, violento, insufrible, difícil de soportar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And actually a closely related phrase is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/caer_mal#Synonyms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;caer pesado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T20:10:51.597" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4005" CreationDate="2013-07-30T13:46:38.607" Score="8" ViewCount="3816" Body="&lt;p&gt;El día de hoy recibí este email de una persona de Bogotá, Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, la presenté es para solicitar  una cotización formal &#xA;  de una sillas tipo secretarial con brazos me gustaría por favor me&#xA;  regalaran  las mas económicas ya que es para una de nuestras obras&#xA;  agradezco su pronta respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se refiere con regalar? ¿tiene otra definición en Colombia? ¿acaso quiere que le regale las sillas? me parece ilógico &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-07-30T15:35:26.850" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:42.077" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;regalar&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4004" CreationDate="2013-07-30T13:51:55.627" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Regalar&quot; in Colombia sometimes has the meaning &quot;give&quot; or &quot;sell&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is common in a bar to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Me regala una copa de vino?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;me gustaría por favor me regalaran las mas económicas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then would mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I would like you to sell me the cheapest&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find the reference from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt;, a website with an explanation of certain words used in Bogotá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bogotalogo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Regalar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.bogotalogo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Regalar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraña expresión que acaso permite entrever el carácter mendicante y proclive a solicitar dádivas gratuitas de parte del colombiano, aunque la intención sea la de comprar. De cuño reciente, la expresión ‘regalar’ ha ido suplantando al más contundente y real ‘vender’, y se usa indistintamente en tal sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way there are some mistakes that I felt like checking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, la &lt;strike&gt;presenté&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt; es para solicitar  una cotización formal &#xA;  de una sillas tipo secretarial con brazos &lt;strong&gt;one stop, please&lt;/strong&gt; me gustaría por favor me&#xA;  regalaran  las &lt;strike&gt;mas&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt; económicas ya que es para una de nuestras obras &lt;strong&gt;and another dot&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  agradezco su pronta respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:58:42.077" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:42.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4006" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-30T18:16:56.737" Score="8" ViewCount="5396" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican spanish at least, I can think the following (I may be forgetting some):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Andar hasta la madre ~ Being really drunk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estar hasta la madre ~ Being really far | Being sick/tired of something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Valer/Importar madre ~ Being worthless | Not caring about something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ser a toda madre ~ Being cool/great&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ir a madre ~ Travel really fast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Darle (a alguien) en la madre | Partir (a alguien) la madre ~ Beating up someone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No tener madre ~ Being shameless&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ni madre(s) ~ Nothing | No way!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sepa la madre ~ Who knows?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Poca madre ~ Can be either something bad i.e. &lt;em&gt;que poca madre tienes&lt;/em&gt; is used to express disgust, or good i.e. &lt;em&gt;esa cosa esta de poca madre&lt;/em&gt;  is used to say something is good/great&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Madrecita/Madresota ~ something small/big&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it so, while some of these expressions may make sense if you're creative and think about how it can be related to a mother, some other are really seem to be unrelated to the actual concept of the word...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T03:17:05.500" Title="Why does &quot;madre&quot; have so many different meanings?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-31T03:52:15.813" Score="6" ViewCount="3166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been studying Spanish for many years and a few years ago I started working on an iOS language training app.  One of my goals was to build a verb conjugation engine from scratch, along with a trainer.  I've compiled many of the rules but now that I'm about to start I realize that I'm no longer familiar with the rules, and I'm not sure if what I have is complete.  Does a set of rules exist somewhere so that I can compare to what I already have acquired?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.h4labs.com/lang/es/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.h4labs.com/lang/es/index.html&lt;/a&gt; -- Second column under Verb Conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, I have categorized some of the present tense irregular verb groups here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.h4labs.com/lang/es/verb_tenses/present_tense_irregular_rules.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.h4labs.com/lang/es/verb_tenses/present_tense_irregular_rules.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1349" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-13T16:55:50.217" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T16:55:50.217" Title="Comprehensive irregular verb conjugation rules?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2013-07-31T08:35:18.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rules are well known as you already see in your link (those endings are correct), but they are only valid for the &lt;strong&gt;regular verbs&lt;/strong&gt;. This rules depend on the ending of the infinitive of the verb: -ar, -er and -ir. However, for the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Verbos_irregulares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;irregular verbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; you have to know the specific conjugation. There are verbs that are completely irregular like the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/spanish_verb_conjugation/ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt; (to go), other verbs however are just &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/contar#Conjugaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;irregular in one tense&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/o%C3%ADr#Conjugaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;few tenses&lt;/a&gt; and the rest of the conjugation is regular according to the rules of the ending of its infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T14:10:11.303" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T14:10:11.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3992" CreationDate="2013-07-31T09:57:22.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;I have had a great night with you&quot; suggests that the night is still going on or that you're at the end of the night (maybe parting ways with your friend). If you mean that you had a great night last night or some other night in the past, then it should be &quot;I had a great night with you&quot; (note that &quot;have&quot; is removed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you want the latter meaning, I'd say &quot;lo pasé muy bien contigo anoche.&quot; Frequently &quot;lo&quot; is used instead of &quot;la&quot; (see Jorge Campos's answer) to refer to the events of the night, in general, and not the night itself. If you want the meaning expressed in your original sentence, then I'd say &quot;lo he pasado muy bien contigo.&quot; This is more appropriate for the good-byes at the end of the night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2013-07-31T09:57:22.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-31T16:37:44.737" Score="2" ViewCount="1141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm just relying on memorization to conjure the gender of nouns. Perhaps if I understood etymologically why these genders came about, I would have an easier time remembering. There are three perplexities that I would like to demonstrate with some example words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original Formation.&lt;/strong&gt; What traits make an object masculine or feminine? &quot;El sonido&quot; does not have sexual organs. Sound is not even visible. So why did the creators of Spanish choose &quot;el sonido&quot; instead of &quot;la sonida&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Special Rules.&lt;/strong&gt; If it ends in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;, it is feminine. If it ends in most other letters, it is masculine. However, if it ends in &lt;em&gt;-dad&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt;, it is feminine. What's the rhyme or reason for adding &lt;em&gt;-dad&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt; rules? Why couldn't &quot;la ciudad&quot;  just be &quot;el ciudad&quot; for simplicity?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irregularities.&lt;/strong&gt; Why is &quot;idioma&quot; masculine and &quot;mano&quot; feminine? Language can be spoken by either gender and hands also belong to creatures of both genders. I have a feeling that there may be a cultural or historical reason why some nouns became irregular in gender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1642" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-08-01T00:03:07.903" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T12:15:41.603" Title="What is the significance of the gender of a noun in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ClosedDate="2013-08-02T21:30:39.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2013-07-31T16:59:01.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on context, you could also translate it as &quot;sospecho,&quot; as in &quot;I suspect.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2013-07-31T16:59:01.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4011" CreationDate="2013-07-31T18:54:39.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;May I adopt a pessimistic approach? Partial answer: it could be worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;creators of Spanish&lt;/em&gt; doesn't seem to be a valid expression: Spanish, as any &#xA;language, evolved — and evolves! Moreover, the fact that sex concides with gender should be rather seen as a happy coincidence. Some time ago, one said &lt;em&gt;la ingeniero&lt;/em&gt;, for women engineers. In German, for instance, that doesn't even happens: one has &lt;em&gt;das Mädchen&lt;/em&gt; (la niña), which in Spanish is gendered, but in German isn't: it's neutral. Same case for &lt;em&gt;das Kind&lt;/em&gt; (el niño). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(and 3.) Every language has exceptions (English has no &lt;em&gt;gender&lt;/em&gt; exceptions, because it doesn't have gender). One has to deal with it, and it shouldn't be hard: Spanish  possesses the next to simplest gender structure. Believe me, the rules of the endings are regular enough, so I'd just enjoy this feature (by the way I don't know if there is a gendered language so regular: French isn't, but perhaps Italian, Portuguese or Romanian are. In order to learn other langugages which have two genders, say Dutch, you have to learn which nouns are neutral (with &lt;em&gt;het&lt;/em&gt; article) and which have a gender (article &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;): all that without a far reaching rule, as the &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; ending-rule in Spanish !&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-08-01T22:20:32.353" LastActivityDate="2013-08-01T22:20:32.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-01T08:14:51.047" Score="15" ViewCount="78014" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy colombiano, y en Colombia se utiliza bastante &quot;estar sollado&quot;, lo que quiere decir que uno está más o menos relajado, más o menos feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo eso es un significado ambiguo y tácito, me he dado cuenta de que no conozco exactamente lo que significa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿qué significa exactamente? El DRAE no tiene una respuesta, dado que para ellos el sollado es una parte de un barco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me podría indicar el origen de esta expresión y lo que en realidad significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T23:37:32.557" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T15:36:03.250" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;sollado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2013-08-01T08:31:38.313" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para Colombia he encontrado este diccionario no oficial, pero que da una explicación que parece encajar con el significado que utilizas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bogotalogo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Sollado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.bogotalogo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Sollado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dícese de quien se halla sumido en un plácido sopor por causa del consumo de cierta sustancia estupefaciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, el diccionario de americanismos recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=ldT2RYE3cx0AzOhk9CJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sollado, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  adj. Co:C,N, Ve. juv. Referido a persona, que no está en su sano juicio o tiene un comportamiento extravagante. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ve. Referido a persona, que está bajo los efectos de la droga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  adj. Co. juv. Referido a cosa, muy buena y fuera de lo común. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T06:28:04.503" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T06:28:04.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2013-08-01T08:56:58.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always associated &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;&quot;you're welcome&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;no hay de que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;&quot;don't mention it&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;don't worry about it.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple phonetic spellings have popped up here, so I'll give my informal phonetic spelling from an English-speaker's perspective: &quot;no eye day kay&quot;. Obviously pronouncing it exactly like the English words there would be slightly off, but it gets the point across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="1759" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T18:27:48.733" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T18:27:48.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4011" CreationDate="2013-08-02T12:15:41.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I think you are mixing two different concepts. The English word &lt;em&gt;gender&lt;/em&gt; does not always translate as &lt;em&gt;género&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;género&lt;/em&gt; is a grammar category, while living organisms have &lt;em&gt;sexo&lt;/em&gt;. Nowadays you can read or hear the word &lt;em&gt;género&lt;/em&gt; used for the second meaning due to English influence, but it is incorrect. Sure, most words denoting male humans are masculine and those denoting female humans are feminine, but even here there are exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimology would not be of much use here. Gender is not always kept when a word evolves. Thus, the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;leche&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;milk&lt;/em&gt;) is feminine, while its Portuguese counterpart, &lt;em&gt;leite&lt;/em&gt;, which comes from the same Latin word, is masculine. And don't try to make out gender from &lt;em&gt;masculine&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt; characteristics in inanimate objects. It is not difficult to find synonyms with different gender, even for animals (&lt;em&gt;leopardo&lt;/em&gt; is masculine, while &lt;em&gt;pantera&lt;/em&gt; is feminine, and they are both the same animal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the best you can do is stick on word terminations to give you a hint on gender and learn the exceptions. This is unfortunate, if you want, but there is nothing much better to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T12:15:41.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4006" CreationDate="2013-08-02T14:19:32.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Madre,&quot; which means &quot;mother,&quot; is being used in these contexts as something of a &quot;swear word.&quot; The original &quot;oath,&quot; of course is &quot;mother-[loving].&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the other uses denote &quot;extreme&quot; behaviors: e.g.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;andar...la madre, drunkeness; &quot;no tener madre,&quot; (have no control), or shameless; &quot;ir a madre&quot; (ltierally, &quot;go to mother), that is, go fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T14:19:32.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4042" CreationDate="2013-08-02T18:47:37.443" Score="7" ViewCount="1262" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como el español tiene como antecesor al latín, y en latín uno tiene que declinar los sustantivos, tiene sentido preguntarse si, en el español, o un antecesor cercano (quizá español muy antiguo) hubo alguna vez en la que se declinó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Spanish evolved from Latin, and Latin has cases (Nominative, Acusative, Dative, Genitive, Ablative) did Spanish nouns change, sometime ago, with respect to cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-08-03T09:52:34.093" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T09:22:36.423" Title="Did Spanish have declensions? - ¿Alguna vez se declinó en español?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2506" CreationDate="2013-08-02T20:51:13.867" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain. It's &lt;strong&gt;Oé&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oé&lt;/em&gt; became from the Basque word &lt;em&gt;Hobé&lt;/em&gt; and started to be used by the famous player Arconada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://minchinela.com/blog/2009/01/24/%C2%BFde-donde-viene-el-cantico-de-oe-oe-oe/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿De donde viene el cántico de oé, oé, oé?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1982/04/26/pagina-21/32946597/pdf.html?search=%22Me%20siento%20feliz%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo que encontramos se hace referencia escrita a ello&lt;/a&gt;, donde por primera vez queda constancia de la existencia y la procedencia de la canción, lo explica en una entrevista el mítico Arconada: &lt;strong&gt;“campeones hobé, hobé” significa “campeones, los mejores, los mejores”, en euskera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los años, el “hobé, hobé” ha ido derivando al “oé, oé”, que se oye hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find here the relevant part of the linked article in the newspaper La Vanguardia from 26 april 1982:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dXwIq.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dXwIq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olé it's another thing used by the toreros world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1769" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T06:34:16.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2506" CreationDate="2013-08-03T11:44:53.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As essmussein and Javi said it's &lt;em&gt;Oé, oé&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Olé&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Ole&lt;/em&gt;, are not only used in the world of bullfighting, though, so much so that, in fact it can also be heard in a football match, though it is rare, and it is not chanted in the same way &lt;em&gt;Oé, oé&lt;/em&gt; is. Bare in mind that &lt;em&gt;Oé, oé&lt;/em&gt; is always sung to the same chant, and is not used outside that scope, nobody shouts a plain &lt;em&gt;Oé&lt;/em&gt; to cheer anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't know about its apparent etymology, as stated in that article; my guess is everyone here, at least maybe outside of the Basque country, thinks it comes from a relaxed version of Olé. Interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1771" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T11:44:53.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2820" CreationDate="2013-08-03T17:05:34.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apañado (silent &quot;d&quot; in Andalucia) describes someone who's very open and friendly.  A nice person, a kind person, a good person is &quot;Apañado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy gringo, pero pase dos años en Andalucia (Sevilla y Granada).  I'm American, but lived in Andalucia for a couple of years in the 1990s.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Andalucia &quot;andaluthia&quot;, they're proud of their special accent.  They use the Castillian &quot;th&quot; in the typical three cases: ci (like ciruela) ce (like cerveza) and z (like zebra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AND only in Andalucia they eat the ending of their words.  It's very artful and fun!  Ten cuidado turns into Ten Cuidao!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could be totally wrong.  But that's the way I learned it 20 years ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1772" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T14:21:47.123" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T14:21:47.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4032" CreationDate="2013-08-03T19:36:58.597" Score="6" ViewCount="4977" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;determinar&lt;/em&gt; en un contexto social, en Colombia y quizá en paises de Centroamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=determinar&amp;amp;lema=no&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario&lt;/a&gt; no dice nada al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no me determina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:35:53.460" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T08:13:36.533" Title="Significado de &quot;determinar&quot; en Colombia" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4028" CreationDate="2013-08-04T01:31:56.983" Score="3" ViewCount="671" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, gerunds can stand by themselves in phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generalizing From Samples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generalizing From Experiments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen standalone gerunds used as newspaper article titles. In Spanish, the use of gerunds is a lot stricter. So are phrases such as &quot;Generalizando desde muestras&quot; and &quot;Generalizando desde experimentos&quot; wrong? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T04:29:15.313" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T16:53:48.127" Title="Standalone Gerunds in Phrases" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4026" CreationDate="2013-08-04T07:16:48.667" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native Spanish speaker, but those two phrases sound wrong to me. A full sentence would provide more insight as to context. However, if you mean something, &quot;generalizing from experiments, we can say that most boys in Spain prefer soccer over baseball,&quot; then I would formulate it like this: &quot;la generalización extraida/deducida del experimento es que...&quot; or &quot;a partir de los resultados del experimento, se puede decir que...&quot; However, I might be making a wrong assumption about what you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to your question in general, these examples are using the gerund as a noun. Generally, in Spanish I've seen gerunds replaced by infinitive forms of verbs to express the same. Take the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En:  &lt;strong&gt;Eating&lt;/strong&gt; sweets before supper is not good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sp:  &lt;strong&gt;Comer&lt;/strong&gt; chuches antes de cenar no es bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="1759" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T16:53:48.127" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T16:53:48.127" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4026" CreationDate="2013-08-04T11:25:57.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @neizan said and as I explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3995/subject-verb-agreement-repitiendo-y-determinando-ilustra/4000#4000&quot;&gt;this other answer&lt;/a&gt;, gerunds cannot be used as nouns, so many times English gerunds are translated by infinitives in Spanish, mainly when the gerunds are the subject of the sentences, as in @neizan's example...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway we would need more context, but &lt;strong&gt;I wouldn't say your sentences are wrong&lt;/strong&gt;. You can find many examples of phrases with &lt;em&gt;standalone gerunds&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, the only requirement is that they cannot acts as the subject of the phrase (although in this case I'm not sure whether you can call it &lt;em&gt;standalone&lt;/em&gt;)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensándolo&lt;/strong&gt; bien, prefiero no hacerlo.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Repitiendo&lt;/strong&gt; el ejercicio muchas veces, conseguirás entenderlo.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Agitando&lt;/strong&gt; el recipiente se consigue mezclar bien el contenido.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Generalizando&lt;/strong&gt; los resultados obtenidos se pueden sacar conclusiones equivocadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these sentences are correct because the gerund form is not the subject...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: If you mean sentences like &lt;code&gt;&quot;Generalizando desde muestras&quot;&lt;/code&gt; as the title of an article, I'd say it's not common and most of the times you should probably use a noun (&lt;code&gt;&quot;La generalización&quot;&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet again, I wouldn't say it's wrong to use a gerund in sentences like that. For example, I can publish a photo of my birthday party and post as a comment &lt;code&gt;&quot;¡Celebrando mi cumpleaños!&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT 2&lt;/strong&gt;: I've just found 3 examples of articles written by &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_P%C3%A9rez-Reverte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arturo Pérez Reverte&lt;/a&gt; (a famous Spanish writer), published in his section within the national newspaper &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El País&lt;/a&gt; whose titles are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perezreverte.com/articulo/patentes-corso/752/recordando-krasny-bor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recordando&lt;/strong&gt; Krasny Bor&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perezreverte.com/articulo/patentes-corso/697/disfrazando-a-las-criaturas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disfrazando&lt;/strong&gt; a las criaturas&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perezreverte.com/articulo/patentes-corso/649/okupando-a-gongora/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Okupando&lt;/strong&gt; a Góngora&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And these are just examples I've found in 1 min...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-08-04T21:46:57.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4006" CreationDate="2013-08-04T15:48:22.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it has many different meanings because is a very old word, meaning Latin based and after that used in many other languages. Don't forget the sound &quot;ma&quot; is barely in every language and it means &quot;mother&quot; in most cases: madre (spa), mother (eng), mãe (por), ma (afrikaans), mutter (ger), mare (catalan), mère (fr), mam (Gales), moeder (Holand), and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand the use of the word in such expressions (Mexican Spanish) we should consider analyzing other factors such as the role of women in Mexican society.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Languages evolve constantly, and get &quot;updates&quot; according to social changes and customs. The word &quot;madre&quot; and its variations' been suffering changes since long time ago. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1289" LastActivityDate="2013-08-04T15:48:22.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2820" CreationDate="2013-08-04T16:19:08.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;And when we hear: &quot;alguien esta apañao/apañado&quot; means: &quot;that person has problems&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1774" LastActivityDate="2013-08-04T16:19:08.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4025" CreationDate="2013-08-05T08:32:03.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Determina&lt;/code&gt;en el caso de Colombia puede significar varias cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu ejemplo significa que Ella no le da órdenes al locutor. En el sentido en que determinar es definir algo de alguna manera. De definir algo, en ese sentido es una personalización &amp;quot;forzada&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Determinar se puede entender como una orden hacia un objeto o una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él determinó que el carro aún no estaba en buenas condiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él le determinó su orden del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En centroamérica no conozco mucho de los sentidos que se puedan entender. Si alguien puede mejorar la respuesta que no dude en hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T08:32:03.547" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4004" CreationDate="2013-08-05T21:47:02.377" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an expression used to ask for something. In Colombia I use it a lot when I want to ask for something, but I don't want to seem demanding. For example, if I want to ask someone to call me at 6 pm, but I'm not giving an order, I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regálame una llamada a las 6 pm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can change  the expression  and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor llámame a las 6 pm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a market I can say: &quot;Regálame una Coca Cola&quot;, but I am going to pay for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1606" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T21:38:08.627" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T21:38:08.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4025" CreationDate="2013-08-05T22:19:35.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso puntual que señalas: &quot;Ella no me determina&quot;, se refiere a que ella no se da cuenta que existo, no me habla, no me mira.&#xA;Es como decir: &quot;Ella me ignora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros contextos se aplicaría la respuesta anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1606" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T22:19:35.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4040" CreationDate="2013-08-06T03:40:46.473" Score="2" ViewCount="1465" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;to tend to&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I tend to&lt;/strong&gt; rant a little bit when I'm tired.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;She tends to&lt;/strong&gt; forget what she came into the room for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe I should just use 'a veces', 'siempre', etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="312" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T08:14:46.580" Title="How to say &quot;To tend to&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4037" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4038" CreationDate="2013-08-06T03:48:29.383" Score="3" ViewCount="2436" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundhog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;groundhog&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;marmot&lt;/a&gt; are not the same thing, the groundhog being a subcategory of marmot or distinct altogether, but in spanish there is but one word for the both: &quot;marmota&quot;. How can I distinguish between the two when writing in spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, hay dos animales con nombres diferentes (&quot;groundhog&quot;/&quot;marmot&quot;) que en español tienen la misma traducción: marmota. ¿Cómo puedo distinguir entre el &quot;groundhog&quot; y las otras marmotas cuando escribo en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1028" LastActivityDate="2015-03-29T18:25:01.930" Title="Marmot vs Groundhog" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4037" CreationDate="2013-08-06T04:33:23.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;By clicking on the Spanish translation of the Wikipedia page you provided for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundhog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Groundhog&lt;/a&gt;, we see that the Spanish translation is &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmota_monax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Marmota Monax&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Marmota Canadiense&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T04:52:18.507" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T04:52:18.507" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4036" CreationDate="2013-08-06T07:09:06.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common way to say &quot;to tend to&quot; do something is with the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=soler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soler&lt;/a&gt;. It would work with both of the examples you give. I'd also add that &quot;a veces&quot; and &quot;siempre&quot; have a slightly different meaning than &quot;soler,&quot; just as &quot;sometimes&quot; and &quot;always&quot; have a slightly different meaning than &quot;tend to.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T07:09:06.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4036" CreationDate="2013-08-06T08:14:46.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción literal con &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tender a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; se entiende perfectamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiendo a quejarme cuando estoy cansado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella tienda a olvidar para qué entró en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en estos ejemplos &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;soler&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; es mejor atendiendo a los pequeños matices del significado de &amp;quot;tender&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una tendencia aplicada a las personas generalmente implica cierta voluntad o inclinación a hacer algo (tendencia a comer, a llorar, a meterse en problemas, tendencia política, etc.) pero olvidar no es un acto voluntario, es algo que te ocurre sin más. Y normalmente tampoco querrías dar la impresión de que te quejas por gusto, sino que el algo que te ocurre involuntariamente porque estás cansado. Así, quedaría mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suelo quejarme cuando estoy cansado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella suele olvidar para qué entró en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si nos fijamos en los significados de soler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dicho de un hecho o de una cosa: Ser frecuente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dicho de un ser vivo: Tener costumbre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &amp;quot;soler&amp;quot; se interpreta por &amp;quot;frecuente&amp;quot; (o &amp;quot;a veces&amp;quot;) el mensaje será justo lo que posiblemente queríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia me quejo cuando estoy cansado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia ella  olvida para qué entró en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero  si se interpreta por por &amp;quot;tener costumbre de &amp;quot; o &amp;quot;acostumbrar a&amp;quot;, aunque correcto, vuelve a ser menos apropiado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acostumbro a quejarme cuando estoy cansado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella acostumbra a olvidar para qué entró en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque así no ponemos énfasis en el hecho (olvidar, quejarte a causa de) sino en la propensión (tendencia) del sujeto  &lt;em&gt;a hacer&lt;/em&gt; eso, lo que sugiere cierta voluntariedad. Aunque en cierto contexto, por ejemplo de crítica o censura, puede que &amp;quot;acostumbra&amp;quot; sea justo lo queremos decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T08:14:46.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3986" CreationDate="2013-08-06T09:33:36.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, eso no es español, ni dialecto nicaragüense, ni nada que se le parezca. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por desgracia, mucha gente, sobre todo los jóvenes, para &#xA;escribir con rapidez en su teléfono móvil suelen emplear abreviaturas fonéticas o acrónimos no convencionales, que a veces solo sus amiguetes entienden o pueden descifrar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y digo por desgracia, porque algunos ya han nacido con el móvil en la mano y sin control paterno, y están tan viciados por esta costumbre que llegan a considerar normal escribir así en cualquier contexto, ya sea un foro de Internet o el examen de literatura. Y cuando se ven forzados a escribir formalmente, pueden cometer faltas de ortografía tremebundas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, como dice belisarius, podría ser  &quot;tú estás loco&quot; pero vaya usted a saber. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una frase hecha para  para pedir que te den el mensaje de forma que lo puedas entender: &quot;Háblame en cristiano&quot;. Seguramente proviene de los tiempos de la Reconquista, cuando los cristianos con sus amalgamas de latín y lenguas romances se entendían mas o menos entre ellos, pero no con los musulmanes o judíos. No es una frase muy cortés, pero no habrá problema si hay cierto grado de confianza (excepto ante un español que te habla en catalán, vasco o gallego, porque posiblemente lo tomará como un insulto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T13:40:02.690" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T13:40:02.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4020" CreationDate="2013-08-06T11:42:32.537" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las declinaciones empezaron a perderse ya con el latín vulgar y en romance, pasando de cinco a tres, sobre todo por perdida de la «m» en acusativo y el cambio de la «u» final en «o» (o ambas cosas, por ejemplo, «amicus» acabará siendo «amigo»). Como esta simplificación acabaría por producir confusiones, fueron sustituidas por preposiciones, que expresaban con más claridad las funciones gramaticales del sustantivo, quedando reducidos a tres tipos: terminados en «a», en «o» y en «e» o consonante, y que en español se pueden considerar etimológicamente procedentes del acusativo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que el cambio no fue repentino ni uniforme en todos los sectores sociales. Junto al castellano primitivo del pueblo llano, considerado entonces vulgar («rusticus sermo») convivía un latín vulgar influido por las lenguas romances, que conservaba restos de la declinación, y el latín culto mantenido por el clero, algún noble y poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por decirlo de algún modo, seguimos declinando a nuestra manera con los pronombres de modo que los hay tónicos (nominativos-vocativos) como «él», y átonos dativos («le») o acusativos («lo»), así como ablativos («conmigo»). Supongo que a los posesivos («suyo») podrían considerarse genitivos, pero no he visto referencias de esto. Por la función original del latín, también se habla de complementos directos  o acusativos, complemento indirectos  o dativos y circunstanciales o ablativos, y el genitivo sería asimilable al complemento de nombre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T09:22:36.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T09:22:36.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4043" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4044" CreationDate="2013-08-06T17:05:28.810" Score="10" ViewCount="1570" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between, for example, &quot;el comer&quot; and just &quot;comer&quot; when used as a noun? The case I'm thinking of would use a gerund in English. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El comer&lt;/strong&gt; chuches antes de cenar no es bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comer&lt;/strong&gt; chuches antes de cenar no es bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs. the English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eating&lt;/strong&gt; sweets before supper isn't good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish examples, what difference in meaning, if any, is there when using the article &quot;el?&quot; This specific example is just for discussion, but I'd like the answer to address the use general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T18:26:10.747" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T18:26:10.747" Title="When to use the article &quot;el&quot; with infinitives in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4043" CreationDate="2013-08-06T18:03:45.943" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;http://fis.ucalgary.ca/AVal/505/AGUsosInfinitivo.html&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this website&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; you can see all the possible uses of infinitives in Spanish. It's written in Spanish, but it basically says that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In Spanish, &lt;strong&gt;infinitives can play the role of a substantive&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;While playing the role of a substantive, &lt;strong&gt;infinitives can act as the subject of a sentence&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;While acting as the subject of a sentence, &lt;strong&gt;infinitives may or may not be preceded by the article &quot;el&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if the infinitive is not playing the role of the subject, it must not be preceded by the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if the explanation on that site is absolutely &lt;em&gt;academic&lt;/em&gt;, but what I'm positive about is that &lt;strong&gt;there's no difference of meaning in your examples&lt;/strong&gt; and the same happens in other sentences where the infinitive is the subject of the sentence...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note, as said in the previous site, that there are some infinitives in Spanish that have been &lt;em&gt;converted&lt;/em&gt; into substantives, so that they can always be preceded by the article, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El saber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El poder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El amanecer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El anochecer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T19:36:20.723" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T19:36:20.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4043" CreationDate="2013-08-08T18:53:09.193" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to MikO's nice answer: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the example, both forms are correct, the second one (without article) is slightly more natural and frequent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When the infinitive is used as &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt;, but not as the &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt;, the article is always omitted: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Me gusta comer&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Further, even when the noun is used as subject, but it is placed &lt;em&gt;after the verb&lt;/em&gt;, the article is almost always omitted: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No es bueno comer chuches antes de cenar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the correct way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Considering the above, a non-native speaker would like to play it safe and adopt the rule of omitting the article always. However, be aware of the last part of MikO's answer: some words like &quot;&lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in a phrase like &lt;strong&gt;&quot;El saber no ocupa lugar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is not really a verb acting as a noun (the action of knowing, conceived as a thing) but a plain noun (a thing -the knowledge-, not the action), hence the article is mandatory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T18:53:09.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2820" CreationDate="2013-08-08T19:05:42.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, en mi experiencia. se usa algo más el verbo que el adjetivo. Sobre todo en la expresión: &quot;Fulano se las apañó bastante bien&quot; =&quot;He pulled through quite well&quot;. &quot;Veremos cómo &#xA;me las apaño&quot;=&quot;We'll see how I manage/get by&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T19:05:42.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-09T05:43:35.910" Score="3" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alentar&quot; and &quot;animar&quot; can both be used to mean &quot;encourage.&quot; Are there situations when one is more appropriate over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;I've seen &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1713/words-for-to-encourage-alentar-animar-fomentar&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, but it does not explain satisfactorily the distinction between these two words. The accepted answer there gives definitions (which don't help much) and one comment about usage that is, IMO, a bit vague. The two answers received here to date have given additional insight that is useful for clearly understanding the differences. With little more discussion, we non-native Spanish speakers can gain a clearer understanding of usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T00:46:55.787" Title="Difference between &quot;alentar&quot; and &quot;animar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4047" CreationDate="2013-08-09T17:26:11.737" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say the main difference, aside from the fact that &quot;&lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has a broader meaning than &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, is the register. You wouldn't say &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in a casual register or without a poetic meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also use a lot &quot;animar&quot; in a sense similar to &quot;cheer up.&quot;  For example, when someone is feeling down or depressed, you say &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Venga, anímate!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which you can translate as &quot;C'mon, cheer up!&quot;. As an example where &quot;&lt;em&gt;Alentar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could fit: in a report about people cheering for a football team, the reporter might say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Una multitud de personas alentaron a la selección española de fútbol en su debút.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which can be translated as &quot;A crowd of people cheered the spanish football team in its debut.&quot; In this context &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; may be translated as the Spanish idiom &quot;&lt;em&gt;dar aliento&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which literally means &quot;to give breath&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday while reading a medical report I realized that probably, the most common use of &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the adjetive &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentador&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: to express that the results of a forecast or a survey are encouraging, it's not unusual to hear the word on a politician speech or from a doctor. In fact, there isn't an equivalent to &quot;&lt;em&gt;alentador&lt;/em&gt;&quot; with the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;animar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (You might hear &quot;&lt;em&gt;Los resultados de su analítica son alentadores&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but you definitely won't hear that the results were &quot;&lt;em&gt;animadores&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1784" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2013-08-22T00:46:55.787" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T00:46:55.787" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-11T13:05:41.060" Score="7" ViewCount="1614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me quedé asombrado al leer el libro &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.ru/books?id=SrhI41rkmw8C&amp;amp;pg=PA11&amp;amp;lpg=PA11&amp;amp;dq=Buscando%20dentro%20del%20Caos&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=3BRh5nvuat&amp;amp;sig=dD1YE5Fj9Z0uzO4Hd_0_Ps0VG9I&amp;amp;hl=ru&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=0oYHUsjJEoOI4ATN9YDoAQ&amp;amp;ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Buscando%20dentro%20del%20Caos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Buscando dentro del Caos&lt;/a&gt; escrito por &lt;a href=&quot;http://grammata.co/author/27785/cesar-pellicer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;César Pellicer&lt;/a&gt;, particularmente desde sus frases abundantes en palabras totalmente misteriosas para mí. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caminar era mi premio de cada ocho días, mi padre me explicaba qué era&#xA;  cada cosa… el acueducto marcado con la presencia de esas columnas de&#xA;  concreto descomunales, gigantescas para mí, los &lt;strong&gt;hornos de tabique&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  los alfalfares de las haciendas cercanas, el cauce del río Churubusco&#xA;  que nunca entendí por qué le decían río a esa &lt;strong&gt;mirruña de caudal&lt;/strong&gt;, las&#xA;  arboledas que yo admiraba por su soledad y su mansedumbre, para&#xA;  rematar cada domingo de cada mes, de muchos años, en el viejo museo de&#xA;  Churubusco…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás mi español se ha deteriorado mucho después de años sin hablarlo, pero ¿qué son los &lt;em&gt;hornos de tabique&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se trata de sensaciones del calor en el pecho? O ¿habla el autor literalmente sobre algunas construcciones técnicas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ¿qué es &lt;em&gt;la mirruña de caudal&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Es un sonido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:42:46.527" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:45:58.573" Title="¿Qué son &quot;hornos de tabique&quot; y &quot;mirruña de caudal&quot; en el español de Colombia?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4049" CreationDate="2013-08-11T23:11:25.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario (RAE y Oxford) &quot;tabique&quot; significa &quot;ladrillo&quot;. En el contexto del párrafo, el padre le muestra al narrador las cosas. Entonces, &quot;los hornos de tabique&quot; son &quot;brick ovens&quot;. Pero el diccionario dice que es una palabra mexicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario Oxford &quot;mirruña&quot; significa &quot;tiny bit&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastActivityDate="2013-08-11T23:11:25.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4049" CreationDate="2013-08-12T03:45:25.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te sirve de consuelo, yo soy argentino, y también me cuesta entender esas expresiones, en parte debo adivinarlas. (De paso, la prosa de ese párrafo no me causa buena impresión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Horno&quot; es &quot;oven&quot;. En Argentina, &quot;tabique&quot; es una pared delgada, o división de ambientes (like cubicle partitions).  Aquí parece que quiere decir otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mirruña de caudal&quot;: &quot;caudal&quot; es la cantidad de agua que transporta un río (no estoy seguro de que en inglés exista esta palabra). A river that transport a great volume (&quot;caudal&quot;) of water is &quot;un río caudaloso&quot; o &quot;un río de gran caudal&quot;. Adivino (y el diccionario confirma) que &quot;mirruña&quot; es una manera local -probablemente coloquial- de decir &quot;a little bit&quot;, a ridiculously poor amount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T03:45:25.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4049" CreationDate="2013-08-12T20:08:12.253" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hornos de tabique&lt;/strong&gt;: No soy de Colombia pero si se refiere a lo mismo que en México es literalmente un horno hecho de tabiques o ladrillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de utilizarse en la panaderia tradicional latina son muy comunes en Italia y es donde tradicionalmente se cocinaban las pizzas. En la parte inferior/posterior del horno se coloca leña y en el frente el alimento a cocer, la piedra preserva de manera natural el calor por lo que son muy efectivos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yk6Ku.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mirruña&lt;/strong&gt;: lo utilizamos para decir que algo es muy pequeño. La &lt;em&gt;mirruña de caudal&lt;/em&gt; es porque el rio es en realidad ya muy escaso. Utilizando otro ejemplo si te pagan muy poco por tu trabajo puedes decir que &lt;em&gt;te pagan una mirruña.&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:45:58.573" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:45:58.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4054" CreationDate="2013-08-13T14:56:18.420" Score="6" ViewCount="593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've searched for how to translate &quot;billing rate&quot; and &quot;hourly billing rate&quot; into Spanish, but I'm not finding much. One I saw was &quot;tarifa de facturación.&quot; Is that good? Are there more or better options. Also, would it make sense to say &quot;tarifa de facturación por hora?&quot; It just seems so long. Something shorter would be great. Target country is Spain, but all comments are welcomed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T10:04:24.923" Title="How do you say &quot;billing rate&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4053" CreationDate="2013-08-13T15:04:37.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tarifas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tarificación&lt;/em&gt; are good candidates for a transaltion of &lt;em&gt;billing rate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;hourly billing rate&lt;/em&gt;, you could use &lt;em&gt;precio por hora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T15:04:37.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4053" CreationDate="2013-08-14T10:04:24.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though &lt;em&gt;tarifa&lt;/em&gt; is just the amount you charge for a service and can be a one-time payment, it strongly suggests periodicity, so &lt;em&gt;billing rate&lt;/em&gt; can usually be translated as just &lt;em&gt;tarifa&lt;/em&gt;. As for &lt;em&gt;hourly billing rate&lt;/em&gt;, I'd suggest &lt;em&gt;tarifa horaria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T10:04:24.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4047" CreationDate="2013-08-14T18:32:50.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alentar&quot; has more meaning when you are encouraging someone: &lt;em&gt;Me gusta alentar a mis estudiantes a ser mejores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Animar&quot; is when you are trying to improve the mood in a situation or make someone feel better: &lt;em&gt;¡Hay que animar la fiesta un poco, tío!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While both terms have a similar meaning, they're not interchangeable in some contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1795" LastEditorUserId="1759" LastEditDate="2013-08-15T14:31:40.803" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T14:31:40.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2013-08-15T08:50:07.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation depends of the meaning, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the intention of the sentence is that &quot;something is done by someone&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;La limpieza de la cocina es llevada a cabo por Juan&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use &quot;done&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;The kitchen cleaning is done by John&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Spanish synonymous are &quot;realzar&quot; or &quot;ejecutar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the meaning of the sentence is that &quot;something is concluded by someone&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Juan ha llevado a cabo la limpieza de la cocina&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use &quot;accomplish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;John accomplished the kitchen cleaning&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1797" LastEditorUserId="1797" LastEditDate="2013-08-15T11:17:23.307" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T11:17:23.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2013-08-15T12:38:50.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer the translation: &quot;to come to pass&quot;. The differentiation from other answers is that it doesn't imply automatically imply being completed by some*&lt;strong&gt;one*&lt;/strong&gt; or some*&lt;strong&gt;thing*&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The event merely needs to occur. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The destruction of Rome came to pass.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No one had to &quot;carry out&quot; the destruction. The destruction wasn't accomplished or completed by anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It simply occurred. The destruction came to pass:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Se llevó a cabo la destrucción de Roma.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1303" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T12:38:50.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4060" CreationDate="2013-08-15T13:34:36.720" Score="5" ViewCount="85610" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de la expresión &quot;mala copa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anoche en la fiesta, Juan andaba de mala copa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-08-15T14:01:30.837" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T00:31:44.700" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de la expresión &quot;mala copa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4059" CreationDate="2013-08-15T14:14:02.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=725596&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;malacopa / mala copa in Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se dice que una persona anda de mala copa cuando al emborracharse se pone agresivo o molesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T14:14:02.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4006" CreationDate="2013-08-15T18:17:50.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My impression is that it derives from Catholicism and the emphasis on Mother Mary or &quot;Madre de dios&quot;. For example: &quot;¡Madre mia!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1801" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T18:17:50.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4059" CreationDate="2013-08-15T21:18:29.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México la expresión &lt;strong&gt;mala copa&lt;/strong&gt; se usa con un significado parecido a &lt;strong&gt;mala onda&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir algo mal, indeseable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según yo solo se puede usar &lt;strong&gt;mala copa&lt;/strong&gt; en referencia a como se porta una persona mientras que 'mala onda' puede referirse a una ación o algo que ha pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando escucho mala copa pienso en una copa de vino que se ha echado a perder, es la idea de algo pudrido, amargado, que te deja con un sabor feo en la boca. Por ejemplo el mal comportamiento de alguien que te hace arrugar la cara. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T21:18:29.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3962" CreationDate="2013-08-16T15:57:54.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te voy a contar lo me pasó una vez en un intento de expresar lo que creo que sea la esencia de un albur. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace un año me tocó ser maestro de inglés en una preparatoria, algo que no pretendo repetir, pero que sin embargo no fue sin chiste. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un día en clase pasando entre los escritorios escuché un chamaco decir a otro &lt;em&gt;How do you say &quot;I want to see drops&quot; in spanish?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, queriendo ayudar, respondí la pregunta sin pensar, dije: Quiero ver gotas. Dicho rápido, quiero ver-gotas. (Verga = pene, vergota = un pene enorme). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda la clase se dobló de la risa y al final estuvo muy chistoso. Pero después cada vez que lo conté o que lo mencionó en la escuela siempre me decían &lt;strong&gt;Te alburearon&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un caso en que un sustantivo se usa como verbo, bastante común hoy en día, lo que me llevó a pensar que es un acto que haces a alguien, un juego en que participas. Sí como dice Newbie siempre tiene el sentido de algo sexual y erótico pero nada mas quería añadir que no es solamente una forma de jerga sino &lt;strong&gt;una competencia de jerga&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si buscas en Youtube &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=concurso%20de%20albur&amp;amp;oq=concurso%20de%20albur&amp;amp;gs_l=youtube.3...2993.7132.0.7256.23.16.1.1.1.3.527.2504.3-3j2j1.6.0...0.0...1ac.1.11.youtube.7xTJ15iYY74&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Concurso de Albur&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; te salen algunos videos en que hay varias personas &lt;em&gt;albureandose&lt;/em&gt;. Hasta hay un mini documental sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2mkj_gWiL-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La Reina del albure&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T14:28:56.170" LastActivityDate="2013-08-19T14:28:56.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3548" CreationDate="2013-08-16T15:58:02.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only the second one (&quot;Recuérdame que te lo dé&quot;) is a correct translation for &quot;Remind me to give it to you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, as in other languages like French, infinitives are used this way only if the subjects for both of the verbs are the same. Here, the one who reminds is not the one who gives, so an infinitive is not adequate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I changed also the person to accord, like machlas said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1805" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2013-08-16T21:43:41.203" LastActivityDate="2013-08-16T21:43:41.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="457" CreationDate="2013-08-20T19:03:33.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Plurals ain't easier in spanish. Adding to Javi's answer there are other caveats to look for, like the ones ended in &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;lápiz --&amp;gt; lápices&#xA;pez --&amp;gt; peces&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here the &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; get's changed into &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; then add &lt;code&gt;-es&lt;/code&gt;. Some others have no plurals form since the word is already plural, ex. &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt; has no &lt;code&gt;gentes&lt;/code&gt;, since &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt; is another plural of &lt;code&gt;persona&lt;/code&gt; appart &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the thing about imported words into spanish that pretty much don't have a rule to follow, and they change according to the pronunciation and/or previous rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-08-21T18:06:55.853" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T18:06:55.853" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-22T16:21:27.140" Score="6" ViewCount="8049" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of &amp;quot;que ni que?&amp;quot;  I heard it in Mexico while conversing with a friend, when I made the comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo hay una manera de saberlo, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the response was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso que ni que!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From context, I can tell the &lt;em&gt;general&lt;/em&gt; meaning, was one of agreement with my statement.  But what is the specific, literal, or historical meaning of the phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-04-02T20:22:17.767" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T20:22:17.767" Title="Meaning of &quot;que ni que&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4067" CreationDate="2013-08-22T18:35:03.110" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's indeed a common Mexican expression and you're right on its meaning, which is usually something close to &lt;code&gt;Definitivamente&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;No hay duda/Sin duda&lt;/code&gt;, basically agreeing with the previous person. Thinking about its origin, I say it is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso que (dijiste) ni (hay) que (decirlo)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T18:35:03.110" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2013-08-22T20:33:38.577" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Salir del paso es correrse del medio y dejar que circulen otras personas como por ejemplo cuando dicen: &quot;salí del paso chica&quot;, que quiere decir que se corra del lugar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1819" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-08-23T10:59:37.287" LastActivityDate="2013-08-23T10:59:37.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4071" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4072" CreationDate="2013-08-23T08:57:49.560" Score="3" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;Due to a question on another stackexchange site, I learned an interesting fact about the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The statement is that if you compare two things like &quot;A is better than B&quot; then both A and B are considered good. That is, in the following sentence both you and my friend are considered intelligent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amiga es más inteligente que tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provided this is true (which has been confirmed by a friend of mine who speaks Spanish as a native speaker but is not from Spain), in conclusion, however, this means that you cannot compare two things that are opposing. For instance, a dull person and a highly intelligent person are not comparable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's take another example with a very obvious answer. &lt;em&gt;Who is better in playing football? You or Messi?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Obvio que Messi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I understood, by comparing yourself with Messi you implicitly say: &lt;em&gt;I am a very good football player.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the likely case you're not playing in the Primera or Segunda División, I'm confident that this is not true; thus, you cannot compare yourself with Messi and, instead, you had to tell me that &lt;em&gt;you can't compare apples and oranges&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But again, the answer is to this question is actually obvious. &lt;em&gt;Messi is better than you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Is the initial statement entirely true in respect to the Spanish language or do you see the possibility to compare two opposing things though?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. If the answer to Q1 is that the statement is entirely true, then how do you compare two opposing things with regard to a) make clear they are opposing and therefore not comparable but b) also give the obvious answer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Addition&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on Gorpik's answer, I'd like to add some further notes why I am surprised about this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I cannot see why two things must be very similar to be comparable. I mean, it's obvious that you cannot answer the question &lt;em&gt;Who's better Messi or Kobe Bryant?&lt;/em&gt;, for the reason they play different games. But you can answer the question: &lt;em&gt;Who's better in playing football? Messi or Kobe Bryant?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In my opinion, it is not critical whether or not a question is meaningful or sensible in respect to being an answerable question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet another example. You go shopping with a friend and he/she tries two trousers that they like. You, however, think that one of those trousers looks terrible, while the other is really cool. If your friend asks you, which trousers you consider more beautiful (in the sense of which suits him/her more), what will your answer be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, it's not clear to me why two things must be equally fine to be comparable. Is respect to this, is there a lack of feature in the Spanish language or is the statement above not true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note, I do not speak Spanish at all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I actually want to tag this questions with &quot;comparación&quot; which does not exist yet (and I am not allowed to create yet).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2013-08-23T11:28:14.003" LastActivityDate="2013-08-23T11:28:14.003" Title="Comparing two opposing things" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4071" CreationDate="2013-08-23T11:05:21.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your initial statement is not entirely true, though it almost is. The sentence &lt;em&gt;Messi es mejor futbolista que yo&lt;/em&gt; is strictly true, but you would get funny looks if you said that. The reason is that the comparison implies that both terms are, well, comparable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This nearly answers your second question. Why would you need to compare two things when they are obviously beyond comparison? Anyway, in Spanish you could use a construct which has an English equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you a good football player?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Well, I am no Messi, but I can kick the ball.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Juegas bien al fútbol?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bueno, no soy Messi, pero sé darle al balón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are saying that you are good for an amateur player, but are far from being a star player.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-08-23T11:05:21.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4074" CreationDate="2013-08-23T17:16:56.050" Score="0" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is for a handout to parents of a special education class.  They speak no English, and the teacher speaks no Spanish. Thus general partial stock phrases are provided on the sheet and she translates only the activity needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English the sheet would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need to work on &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, would it work to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito trabajar en &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;_.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that it must be neutral and work for a variety of activities.  Is the way 'en' refer to an activity equivalent to the English 'on'?  Would another verb be better suited, such as 'practicar'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1822" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2013-08-24T04:16:08.723" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T04:56:47.193" Title="&quot;I need to work on...&quot; for a general sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4073" CreationDate="2013-08-25T12:33:34.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an answer from a Spaniard from Spain, which doesn't mean mine is better than the rest. However, I can tell from my experience that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you want to use the verb &quot;trabajar&quot; meaning &quot;to improve&quot; or &quot;to practice&quot; you can use it with &quot;en&quot;, &quot;sobre&quot; and &quot;con&quot;. For instance, &quot;necesito trabajar en ello&quot; = &quot;necesito trabajar sobre ello&quot; = &quot;necesito trabajar con ello&quot;. The word &quot;ello&quot; could be substituted by what I need to improve or practice. It's very common to get rid of all these propositions when the object is clearly identified. For instance, I would say &quot;necesito trabajar el temario para el próximo examen&quot; rather than &quot;necesito trabajar en/sobre/con el temario para el próximo examen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1823" LastEditorUserId="1823" LastEditDate="2013-08-25T12:40:10.860" LastActivityDate="2013-08-25T12:40:10.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4081" CreationDate="2013-08-25T13:18:09.050" Score="11" ViewCount="49457" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which would be the translation to Spanish of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a crush on your sister.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When speaking Spanish, everybody uses the English word and I'd like to know the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T13:08:11.347" Title="How to translate &quot;have a crush on somebody&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2013-08-25T16:43:25.570" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some phrases we use in Spain for &quot;crush&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy colado/coladito por tu hermana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy colgado por tu hermana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pillado por tu hermana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As these are colloquial, I'm guessing in other countries they use other expressions. Definitely, not everybody uses the English word, actually I would say just in few countries is used &quot;crush&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2013-08-25T16:43:25.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4073" CreationDate="2013-08-25T18:32:22.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll show a few examples containing phrases with similar meaning to &quot;I need to work on__&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;None of the examples directly translate the word &lt;strong&gt;work&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is implicit in some way. I boldfaced the cases:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo que mejorar&lt;/strong&gt; mis calificaciones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo que practicar más&lt;/strong&gt; mi español.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Necesito esforzarme más en&lt;/strong&gt; la dieta que estoy haciendo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Debo tomarme más en serio&lt;/strong&gt; las normas de etiqueta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Debo prestar más atención a&lt;/strong&gt; los reclamos de mi esposa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1824" LastEditorUserId="1824" LastEditDate="2013-08-27T04:56:47.193" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T04:56:47.193" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4082" CreationDate="2013-08-25T20:14:44.947" Score="4" ViewCount="533" Body="&lt;p&gt;Words like &quot;as&quot; have many definitions, so I'm having difficulty finding the Spanish word that would make sense in this sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Where are you going?&quot; John asked as Mary grabbed her keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I first tried to find a direct translation of &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt;, and got &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;. But that didn't sound quite right. So I tried &lt;em&gt;while&lt;/em&gt; and got &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; but I don't think that's quite right either; the two events don't happen exactly simultaneously. She starts to pick up the keys and that's when he asks; it probably takes less time for her to pick up the keys than for him to finish his question, so he's still talking when she's done. The same applies to &lt;em&gt;during&lt;/em&gt;, which I tried next (and got &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt;). Not quite right for similar reasons to &lt;em&gt;while&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm just not quite sure what Spanish word fits here. I have a feeling that there's perhaps an idiomatic construction for situations like these, since &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt; is such a versatile word in English; I understand why a direct translation might be unlikely. So, can anyone help me out here? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T12:57:25.823" Title="What's the correct Spanish word to mean &quot;as&quot; in this context" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4079" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4080" CreationDate="2013-08-25T21:03:26.933" Score="5" ViewCount="1658" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuando hablo sobre un par de auriculares en español, cuál es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los auriculares fueron caro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El auriculares fue caro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y también, es &lt;em&gt;auriculares&lt;/em&gt; la palabra correcta para esta cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MYBje.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T11:13:27.513" Title="¿&quot;Los auriculares&quot; o &quot;el auriculares&quot;?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4079" CreationDate="2013-08-26T01:15:27.047" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right way is &lt;code&gt;Los auriculares&lt;/code&gt; Because it is the plural form of the word, the singular form would be &lt;code&gt;el auricular&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;code&gt;auriculares&lt;/code&gt; is a valid word, but for me (I'm from Mexico) it feels more natural to say &lt;code&gt;(los) audifonos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something important to clarify is that seeing how &lt;code&gt;auriculares&lt;/code&gt; is a plural word, and since it could cause confusion, think of it as something similar to &lt;code&gt;pantalones&lt;/code&gt; (there's only one item, but it's the right word to use). I guess the easiest way to understand it is that each side of the item is an &lt;code&gt;auricular&lt;/code&gt;, so we could say you have an &lt;code&gt;auricular&lt;/code&gt; on each ear when you use your headset, and you're using/wearing &lt;code&gt;auriculares&lt;/code&gt; as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EXTRA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the sake of improving your Spanish, I have a few tips...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the right overall expression would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los auriculares (or audifonos if you want) fueron caros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the right word for expensive here is &lt;code&gt;caros&lt;/code&gt; (plural form) and not &lt;code&gt;caro&lt;/code&gt; (singular form) for the reason I explained before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally your questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuando hablando sobre un par de auriculares en español, cuál es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is the wrong way to ask. You could do it in the following ways instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuando hablamos sobre un par de auriculares en español, cuál es la expresion correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hablando sobre un par de auriculares en español, ¿Qué es lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And your other question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y también, es auriculares el palabra correcto por esa cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That one is also incorrect, &lt;code&gt;palabra&lt;/code&gt; is a feminine word, so instead of saying &lt;code&gt;el palabra&lt;/code&gt; you have to say &lt;code&gt;la palabra&lt;/code&gt;; the same is true for &lt;code&gt;correcto&lt;/code&gt; which should be &lt;code&gt;correcta&lt;/code&gt;. And &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; should be &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;. So your question should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y también, es auriculares la palabra correcta para esa cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd personally use &lt;code&gt;esta&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;esa&lt;/code&gt; as you were talking about that item just before...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-08-26T01:59:51.513" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T01:59:51.513" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2013-08-26T01:28:39.003" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of the word &lt;code&gt;crush&lt;/code&gt; in spanish sounds more like &lt;code&gt;spanglish&lt;/code&gt; to me, at least I've never heard of people using it that way...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JoulSauron is right to mention the colloquialism of those expressions, as neither of those are used in Mexico (they &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be understood in the right context, but I've never heard them being used here). However I'd use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy loco por tu hermana (or tu hermana me trae loco)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy enamorado de tu hermana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy interesado (romanticamente) en tu hermana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta (mucho) tu hermana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me atrae tu hermana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which may or may not be used in other places as well...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T01:28:39.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4078" CreationDate="2013-08-26T01:51:38.200" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mientras (que)&lt;/code&gt; sounds right for me, as the use of &lt;code&gt;as&lt;/code&gt; in your phrase makes me think Mary's grabbing her keys while John is asking. Also another translation that comes to my mind is &lt;code&gt;al momento/instante/tiempo que&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;en tanto que&lt;/code&gt; which would be more &quot;at the same time&quot; than &lt;code&gt;mientras&lt;/code&gt;. Also I think &lt;code&gt;durante&lt;/code&gt; would not make much sense here. Some translations I'd use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot; Pregunto John mientras (que) Mary tomaba sus llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot; Pregunto John al momento que Mary tomaba sus llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot; Pregunto John al instante que Mary tomaba sus llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot; Pregunto John al tiempo que Mary tomaba sus llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot; Pregunto John en tanto que Mary tomaba sus llaves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T01:51:38.200" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4078" CreationDate="2013-08-26T10:45:49.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4082/106&quot;&gt;@darkajax&lt;/a&gt; for the most part, and he gives several viable options for this specific context. I just wanted to add a common translation for &amp;quot;as&amp;quot; in other contexts: &amp;quot;a medida que&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As&lt;/strong&gt; her grandchildren grew taller, Grandma got shorter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A medida que&lt;/strong&gt; sus nietos crecían más altos, la abu se hacía más baja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A medida que&amp;quot; expresses a meaning similar to &amp;quot;mientras que&amp;quot;, but, as is the case with &amp;quot;as&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;while&amp;quot;, they're used in slightly different contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T12:57:25.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4078" CreationDate="2013-08-26T11:30:19.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, since John's action is a consequence of Mary's, I would vary the construction in Spanish slightly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿A dónde vas?&quot;, preguntó John cuando Mary cogió las llaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mientras&lt;/em&gt; can be a correct word, but it emphasises the simultaneous nature of both actions, not the consequential relation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that I have used &lt;em&gt;cogió&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;cogía&lt;/em&gt;. In this case, the verb tense is very important. If I use &lt;em&gt;cogía&lt;/em&gt;, I am once again emphasising the simultaneity and not the consequence. The way I write it, both actions happen more or less at the same time too, but it is clear that John's starts after Mary's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-08-26T12:57:01.317" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T12:57:01.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3962" CreationDate="2013-08-26T16:41:55.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visitando el link que Newbie publicó, encontré este otro artículo de la misma revista &lt;em&gt;Chilango&lt;/em&gt; que me parece define de una manera muy acertada lo que es el albur:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot; ¿Qué es el albur? &#xA;Es ese juego del lenguaje muy mexicano, también llamado doble sentido, en el que tanto emisor como receptor establecen un diálogo entre líneas, por lo general sexual, que se parece más a un juego de palabras en el que el vencedor tendrá la última palabra. Agárrense (ya me los alburee). &quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué es bueno? &#xA;Por si no lo sabes, el albur es una figura retórica harto original y creativa. Se compone por un parónimo, que son palabras que se oyen más o menos igual, pero significan distinto. Como recurso fonético, casi literario, es una joyita que no cualquiera puede emplear.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, en verdad es un juego que no termina hasta que hay un vencedor, lo cual puede ser muy avergonzante para el que resulte vencido. El albur va más allá del simple y llano doble sentido... es una esgrima del lenguaje que se puede convertir en una vergadera batalla de una gran envergadura, muy al estilo de los duelos de hip hop... jejeje y el que me la haya agarrado, que me busque la que rima con la jerga que comentan todos o los tres por aquí abajo, y ahí donde me la vean, me la paran y me le dan un beso... X^D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah pero eso sí, como bien lo dijo la Reina del Albur de Tepito: El buen albur no contiene ni una sola palabra altisonante... porque entonces ya no es albur sino guarrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo se lo encuentran picando el siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chilango.com/general/nota/2011/03/01/1-de-marzo-feliz-dia-del-albur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; con lo que yo se que les va a gustar mucho ya que entre en materia... y me diculpo por la albureada pero es sólo para mostrar el sentido (o doble sentido) de lo que el albur es... así que con el artículo les pido muchas veces disculpas. =^D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1459" LastEditorUserId="1459" LastEditDate="2013-08-26T16:52:11.080" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T16:52:11.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3436" CreationDate="2013-08-26T18:06:11.990" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, &quot;&lt;em&gt;órale&lt;/em&gt;&quot; proviene de la palabra &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;, pero más bien de su versión acortada &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt;, la cual no existe como palabra reconocida en el diccionario de la RAE por ser un modismo propiamente mexicano y que en realidad es una deformación de la ya mencionada &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante la década de los 40's y 50's del siglo XX, la palabra &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; era principalmente utilizada por las personas de estrato social bajo, y era utilizada como una interjección para denotar asombro o incredulidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ora.. ora... y a tí que mosca te picó? por qué estás tan agitado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún momento también se le agregó la terminación &lt;em&gt;-le&lt;/em&gt; con el mismo sentido, por lo cual la misma frase quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Órale... órale... y a tí qué mosca te picó? por qué estás tan agitado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la palabra &lt;em&gt;órale&lt;/em&gt; ya se utilizaba también cotidianamente como una manera de incitar a alguien a actuar, de la misma forma que &lt;em&gt;ándale&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como se puede escuchar en el seg. 8 (aprox.) de la entrada a la película &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPqLoFt6nNk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nosotros los pobres&lt;/a&gt;. Dado que no existían medios masivos de comunicación que hubiesen podido difundir tal uso anteriormente a la filmación de la película, es muy probable que el origen de la palabra se encuentre en algún momento a principios del siglo XX, ya que debió haber sido usada de manera corriente durantes muchos años o quizás décadas, de tal forma que haya podido capturarse en el mencionado filme y recordando que ni los diarios ni la radio hacían uso de ese tipo de vocablos, por ser considerados medios &lt;em&gt;educados&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo que es completamente seguro es que no proviene del verbo &lt;em&gt;orar&lt;/em&gt;, como lo ha sugerido Jorge Campos anteriormente. No obstante, es un caso muy atípico puesto que, en su modalidad de exhortación, es un imperativo que no proviene del mencionado verbo, sino más bien del adverbio &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;, recortado a &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; como ya lo había explicado anteriormente y que por lo tanto, es un imperativo de un verbo inexistente, al menos de manera formal documentada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente la variante &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; ya está en desuso y la palabra &lt;em&gt;órale&lt;/em&gt; puede usarse de tres formas diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como interjección de asombro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Óraleeee... está bien chido mamá... gracias!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como indicación de aprobación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Órale pues güey, así quedamos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como imperativo para exhortar a alguien a actuar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vete a dormir escuincle... óooraleeee!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desgraciadamente, mi explicación parte de mi propia experiencia como hispanohablante oriundo de la Ciudad de México y no cuento ni con la autoridad académica ni con el sustento documental que pueda avalar mi respuesta. (Soy ingeniero de profesión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D. Una variante más reciente de &lt;em&gt;órale&lt;/em&gt; (como interjección de asombro) es &lt;em&gt;uórale&lt;/em&gt;, la cual denota un tono más jocoso. Este uso se puede ver en la película &lt;em&gt;Buscando a Nemo&lt;/em&gt; con doblaje en español mexicano, justo en la escena donde Marlín y Dory son salvados por las tortugas marinas. =^D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1459" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T13:23:29.750" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:23:29.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-26T21:46:41.973" Score="5" ViewCount="6037" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the phrase &amp;quot;leading him/her on&amp;quot; indicates suggesting, by word or deed, a romantic (or sexual) interest that isn't really there.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought she liked me, but she was just &lt;strong&gt;leading me on&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She would like to spend time with him, but she doesn't want to &lt;strong&gt;lead him on&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to express this same concept in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-01-06T00:41:46.567" Title="&quot;Leading him/her on&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4087" CreationDate="2013-08-26T22:28:24.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ones I can think of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jugar (con alguien):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I thought she liked me, but she was just leading me on. =&gt; Creí gustarle a ella, pero estaba jugando conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dar falsas esperanzas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She would like to spend time with him, but she doesn't want to lead him on. =&gt; A ella le gustaría pasar tiempo con el, pero no quiere darle falsas esperanzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T22:28:24.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4087" CreationDate="2013-08-26T22:29:48.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensé que yo le gustaba, pero me estaba dando largas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ella le gustaría pasar más tiempo con él, pero no quiere darle falsas esperanzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: &quot;Dar largas&quot; es una expresión muy común, que quizás muchos no saben que su origen está en la tauromaquia. En la jerga taurina, ciertos movimientos amplios (largos) de la capota son &quot;las largas&quot; (&quot;las suertes largas&quot;, de ahí el femenino). Como esos movimientos buscan engañar al toro y evitar su embestida, no es difícil entender su significado en situaciones amorosas , o no tan amorosas (negocios, política, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2013-08-26T22:57:26.010" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T22:57:26.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4091" CreationDate="2013-08-27T04:04:21.557" Score="4" ViewCount="2476" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have: &lt;strong&gt;To simulate this situation, we assign 29 1s and 21 0s .&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;This means that we labeling 29 members 1s and 21 members 0s in an experiment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does Spanish handle plural numbers in its sentences 1s and 0s? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T12:44:52.217" Title="How does Spanish handle plurals of numbers?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4090" CreationDate="2013-08-27T06:32:36.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would say &lt;code&gt;ceros&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;unos&lt;/code&gt;. Numbers form plurals as any other word: adding &lt;code&gt;-s&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-es&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exceptions are the plurals of &lt;code&gt;dos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tres&lt;/code&gt;. In zones where the pronunciation of &lt;code&gt;c/z&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; is different, they say &lt;code&gt;doses&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;treses&lt;/code&gt;, but in the rest of the Spanish speaking world the plural of those numbers is just &lt;code&gt;dos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tres&lt;/code&gt; (so as not to confuse them with &lt;code&gt;doces&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;treces&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Seis&lt;/code&gt; is sometimes pluralized as &lt;code&gt;seises&lt;/code&gt;, sometimes left as is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Numbers in plural are written in words. If it's too cumbersome, you can prepend “números” and write them in figures, as in “123 números 0”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T06:32:36.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-27T07:32:13.843" Score="1" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read that in double object constructions like the following, the indirect object pronoun gets included when there is an indirect object noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan le dio un regalo a Martin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;John gave Martin a gift.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I've seen the following double object construction where there are no noun objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se lo dio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan gave it to him.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se lo dio a él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan gave it to him.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is this how you say &lt;em&gt;Juan gave it to Martin&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se lo dio a Martin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1053" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T12:39:34.150" Title="Double object construction" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4092" CreationDate="2013-08-27T07:43:10.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;Juan se lo dio a Martin&lt;/em&gt; is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan lo dio a Martin&lt;/em&gt; is correct too, but that misses the point of using the double object construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T07:43:10.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4092" CreationDate="2013-08-28T12:39:34.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;&lt;code&gt;Juan se lo dio a Martín&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. &lt;code&gt;Juan lo dio a Martín&lt;/code&gt; sounds strange. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T12:39:34.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4090" CreationDate="2013-08-28T12:44:52.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer of Angus is correct, I would only like to add that in written Spanish is not correct or usual to use numbers (as digits) but words. The correct translation for the sentence you wrote would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;This means that we labeling 29 members 1s and 21 members 0s in an experiment.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Eso indica que etiquetamos veintinueve miembros con unos y ventiún miembros con ceros en un experimento.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T12:44:52.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4104" CreationDate="2013-08-28T18:06:19.180" Score="2" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Que es de 1 año, 2 meses, 16 días, 1 minuto, y 15 segundas a partir de ahora.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that accurately translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;That is 1 year, 2 months, 16 days, 1 minute, and 15 seconds from now&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense if the &quot;from now&quot; indicates either past or future?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1838" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2013-08-28T20:54:37.697" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T03:44:29.047" Title="Past or future neutral time difference -- does my sentence make sense?" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1219" CreationDate="2013-08-28T18:12:48.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The previous answers are missing an important point. It is very common in Mexico to take an expression (often a vulgar one) and replace an offending word with a similar-sounding one. This is akin to americans that shout &quot;sugar!&quot; when the hammer their thumbs. Thus, for instance, &quot;caramba&quot; is a nonsense word that replaces &quot;carajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained by others, &quot;no manches&quot; can mean &quot;no way&quot; and &quot;don't behave like that&quot;. Both meanings correspond also to the expression &quot;no mames&quot;, but buy using the similar-sounding word &quot;manches&quot; the intention used to be to soften the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T18:12:48.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4103" CreationDate="2013-08-28T22:30:01.867" Score="4" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &quot;junta&quot; in Spanish means meeting. However, what does &quot;junta&quot; mean in the following sentence? Is it correctly used? This from a document I am translating into English. It may contain mistakes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dos tapas de toallas húmedo se pusieron en una bolsa plástica desechable, con una línea grapada a 1/3 del fondo de la bolsa para mantener la toallla de papel en su lugar y para proporcionar una &lt;strong&gt;junta&lt;/strong&gt; para mantener las semillas de rábano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T01:01:10.713" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T08:09:44.857" Title="What does &quot;junta&quot; mean in the following sentence?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4106" CreationDate="2013-08-28T23:30:07.543" Score="3" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we say &quot;degree of darkness.&quot; In a document, I stumbled on the phrase&#xA;&quot;cantidad de oscuridad,&quot; which means the &quot;amount of darkness.&quot; This becomes really awkward in English. Is this phrase correct or common in Spanish?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T12:37:29.337" Title="Is &quot;cantidad de oscuridad&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4105" CreationDate="2013-08-29T00:17:41.243" Score="3" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay tres datos extremos (uno en 20mm y dos en 21mm) en la tabla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;datos&quot; in the above sentence refers to are extreme data values. However, &#xA;doesn't &quot;datos&quot; refer to a group of data points? If we are referring to &#xA;specific data values, shouldn't &quot;valores&quot; be used?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T00:31:22.960" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T12:14:08.550" Title="Using &quot;datos&quot; to refer to specific points" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4100" CreationDate="2013-08-29T02:29:36.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;joint&quot; (as in &quot;union&quot; or &quot;junction&quot;), the place where two things join each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the 4th definition &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/junta&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1839" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T08:09:44.857" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T08:09:44.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4097" CreationDate="2013-08-29T03:44:29.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your original sentence in English is both ambiguous and unusual. The ambiguity lies in the word 'that'. Do you mean &quot;That (event) is...&quot;, or are you talking about an event &quot;... that is...&quot;?&#xA;Instead of your construction, I would rather say the event &quot;is ... in the future&quot; or at least &quot;... from today&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said this, it is difficult to find a correct translation. yours is pretty much word-by-word. instead, it makes more sense to find out the expressions actually used in Spanish. Two possibilities are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tendra efecto en 1 año, 2 meses, ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tendra lugar en 1 año, 2 meses, ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, it is 'segundos', not 'segundas'. Also, contrary to the standard usage in English, the last term of a comma-sparated list has no comma; thus, you end with &quot;...1 minuto y 15 segundos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T03:44:29.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4102" CreationDate="2013-08-29T03:47:30.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; have three data points, one at 20mm and two at 21mm, so the collective 'datos' seems valid. Even if it is not, 'datos' is commonly used, but I agree with you that 'valores' sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T04:56:46.733" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T04:56:46.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4101" CreationDate="2013-08-29T04:44:07.170" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a case where English and Spanish coincide and the expresions can be translated word-by-word. Your English example would be &quot;grado de oscuridad&quot; and it is perfectly understandable, if not common. The string of words you are asking about (I hesitate to call it a Spanish expression) sounds awful. So &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;, you are right to be suspicious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the whole point is that you do not measure darkness. You can talk about the quality of the darkness, and that is why &quot;degree&quot; works in both languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T10:16:12.720" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T10:16:12.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4102" CreationDate="2013-08-29T12:14:08.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Datos&lt;/code&gt; is just the plural of &lt;code&gt;dato&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;datum&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;data point&lt;/code&gt;), which means, as its English translations, a (given) piece of information. The English translation of &lt;code&gt;datos&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;data&lt;/code&gt;, but &lt;code&gt;data&lt;/code&gt; has more meanings than just being one of the plurals of &lt;code&gt;datum&lt;/code&gt; (the other is &lt;code&gt;datums&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, every time you talk about given data points or values, you can use the word &lt;code&gt;dato&lt;/code&gt;; and more than one of those are &lt;code&gt;datos&lt;/code&gt;. The word doesn't imply grouping, but doesn't exclude it either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I concur with Rodrigo in that &lt;code&gt;valores&lt;/code&gt; sounds better but &lt;code&gt;datos&lt;/code&gt; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T12:14:08.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4101" CreationDate="2013-08-29T12:37:29.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the expression &lt;code&gt;cantidad de luz&lt;/code&gt; is used to mean &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illuminance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;illuminance&lt;/a&gt;. I can understand &lt;code&gt;cantidad de oscuridad&lt;/code&gt; as the inverse: the less &lt;em&gt;amount of light&lt;/em&gt; (= the less illuminance), the more &lt;em&gt;amount of darkness&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression doesn't sound bad (this time I disagree with Rodrigo). It sounds natural, given common phrases as &lt;code&gt;más/menos oscuridad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mucha oscuridad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cuánta/tanta oscuridad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't work in architecture or any field where that expression could be used, so I can't definitely assert whether it is commonly used or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T12:37:29.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-29T17:12:41.790" Score="8" ViewCount="2272" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Que otras palabras coloridas existen para describir a alguien que ha quedado fuera de si por una sorpresa? A mi me gustan &lt;em&gt;patidifuso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;boquiabierto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T20:45:43.760" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T13:02:25.520" Title="Para describir alguien que está muy confundido" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2013-08-29T18:35:05.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy nativo, y por eso igual no te suena tan colorido como a mi, pero siempre me ha gustado &lt;em&gt;atontado&lt;/em&gt;, y la idea que conlleva que algo ha dejado a la persona K.O., casí groggy, y sin poder hablar, ni siquiera pensar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T18:35:05.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2013-08-29T18:51:56.103" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;estupefacto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; me parece bastante contundente y de uso general, aunque quizás no tan &quot;colorida&quot;. Igualmente correcta es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;atónito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más informales (quizás más coloridas) serían: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;turulato&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (no se usa mucho) y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;patitieso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (esta me suena algo más común que &quot;patidifuso&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T18:51:56.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-29T22:37:34.270" Score="7" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;From this text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Son esas diferencias lo suficientemente grandes para descartar la variación debido al azar como una posible explicacíon para la diferencia observada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the purpose of &quot;lo&quot; here? Can &lt;em&gt;son esas diferencias suficientemente grandes....&lt;/em&gt; be used?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-08-30T08:48:03.233" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T21:47:47.250" Title="Use of &quot;lo suficientemente&quot; + adjective" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4116" CreationDate="2013-08-30T04:56:34.740" Score="5" ViewCount="23711" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Estados Unidos veo muy frecuentemente traducciones que usan la horrorosa &lt;code&gt;halar&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;jalar&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;code&gt;hale aquí&lt;/code&gt;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es tan común que me imagino debe ser usado así en algún lugar. En caso afirmativo, ¿dónde? En caso negativo, ¿saben si hay una tendencia a aceptar esta variante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-08-30T11:42:20.597" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T14:30:58.430" Title="¿Se usa &quot;halar&quot; en vez de &quot;jalar&quot; en algún lugar?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4112" CreationDate="2013-08-30T06:49:31.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can &quot;Son esas diferencias suficientemente grandes...&quot; be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've seen/heard, I say either phrase, with or without &quot;lo&quot;, could be used without changing the meaning of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=167324&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; on WordReference, which discusses the same question and has varying responses (none of which seems to be definitive, and none of which makes major distinctions between the two). I'm not a native speaker, but I've asked around (as this is an interesting question), and most say there is no difference or, unconvincingly, that the &quot;lo&quot; gives the phrase a degree of emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if your question is for practical purposes, my conclusion is that you could use either formulation and be ok. If the question is purely academic, then wait for an answer from a Spanish grammarian. If your case is the latter, you might look at the very last answer (currently) on that WordReference thread. It attempts to explain the grammatical difference, though I'm unsure about its accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-08-30T09:23:38.583" LastActivityDate="2013-08-30T09:23:38.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2013-08-30T09:14:18.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario ofrecen también &quot;pasmado&quot;, a mí me gusta mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T12:56:09.470" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:56:09.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4113" CreationDate="2013-08-30T09:17:34.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;jalar&lt;/em&gt; deriva de &lt;em&gt;halar&lt;/em&gt;, que a su vez procede del francés &lt;em&gt;haler&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, no es que haya una tendencia a aceptar una variante, sino que es la palabra original. Otra cosa es que en según qué lugares sea más habitual una palabra u otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-08-30T09:17:34.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2013-08-30T20:40:30.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the paper book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0292706537&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish verbs made simple(r)&lt;/a&gt; the verbs, regular or irregular, are classified into 35 classes (some with sublasses). At the end of the book, there is a list of 4818 verbs, each assigned to such a class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="136" LastActivityDate="2013-08-30T20:40:30.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4119" CreationDate="2013-08-31T00:25:05.027" Score="2" ViewCount="379" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo he oído en una canción. No entiendo qué significa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastActivityDate="2013-08-31T23:08:22.460" Title="Qué sigifica la frase 'Dicen que solo se está de más'?" Tags="&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4118" CreationDate="2013-08-31T22:18:45.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;estar de más&lt;/code&gt; quiere decir que sobra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;algunas frases equivalentes, pero menos poéticas pueden ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dicen que solo se sobra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dicen que solo sobra uno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En que canción la escuchaste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2013-08-31T23:08:22.460" LastActivityDate="2013-08-31T23:08:22.460" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2013-08-31T22:21:35.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anonadado&lt;/strong&gt; también aplica, aunque tampoco es de uso común&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2013-09-02T16:22:56.227" LastActivityDate="2013-09-02T16:22:56.227" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2013-08-31T22:46:47.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con todos los sinónimos que se han dado. Algunos de ellos son muy buenos, aunque es cierto que son bastante formales y raramente usados en una conversación coloquial...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría añadir algunos ejemplos más vulgares y que son muy usados en lenguaje coloquial (al menos en España), aunque no estoy seguro que respondan al perfil de palabras &lt;em&gt;coloridas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mudo&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Cuando conocí el Estadio Azteca me quedé &lt;strong&gt;mudo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;flipado&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Me dieron la noticia y me quedé &lt;strong&gt;flipado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos otros términos vulgares que también he oído como sinónimos en ciertos contextos podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Se quedó &lt;strong&gt;pillado&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;tieso&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;helado&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;seco&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;tonto&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;parvo&lt;/strong&gt; con la sorpresa&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-09-02T03:15:54.043" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4122" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-01T01:09:56.863" Score="1" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some opinions on this sentence from a document I am translating to English and I am flagging any awkward sentences and phrases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto nos da evidencia convincente de un efecto tratamiento―mientras más horas de oscuridad, mayor el crecimiento de los vástagos, al menos para estos tres periodos de luz versus oscuridad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it just clumsy and too long. It's more like &quot;Spanglish.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you rewrite this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1750" LastEditDate="2013-09-02T22:54:49.727" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T22:05:24.630" Title="Translating a Bad Sentence in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2020-04-01T13:21:10.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-01T03:43:24.170" Score="6" ViewCount="2142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión común en México es &lt;code&gt;¡pido mano!&lt;/code&gt; que quiere decir &lt;code&gt;quiero ser el primero&lt;/code&gt;. De hecho, yo llegué a escuchar &lt;code&gt;cutimano&lt;/code&gt; e incluso &lt;code&gt;anticutimano&lt;/code&gt; para añadir énfasis.&#xA;¿De donde vienen estas tres expresiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-09-20T10:08:35.117" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T17:48:22.290" Title="Origen de &quot;mano&quot; para denotar primero" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-01T08:50:25.173" Score="3" ViewCount="619" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cual es la forma correcta para decir las frases &quot;darse de alta en Facebook&quot;, o &quot;darse de alta al grupo de discusión&quot;. ¿Hay alguna regla de uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1846" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T12:05:31.810" Title="¿&quot;Darse de alta a xxxx&quot; o &quot;Darse de alta en xxxxx&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4124" CreationDate="2013-09-01T11:59:40.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Darse de alta &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; un curso / un grupo / Facebook / la Seguridad Social ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; en este caso es erróneo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T11:59:40.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4124" CreationDate="2013-09-01T12:05:31.810" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Darse de alta&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;inscribirse&lt;/em&gt; y lleva la misma preposición: &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;. Sospecho que el uso de &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; se debe a una confusión con la palabra &lt;em&gt;suscribirse&lt;/em&gt;, con la que sí rige dicha proposición y que a veces también puede actuar como sinónimo de las anteriores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me he inscrito en el grupo de discusión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me he dado de alta en el grupo de discusión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me he suscrito al grupo de discusión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T12:05:31.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4122" CreationDate="2013-09-01T12:26:45.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's examine your sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto nos da evidencia convincente de un efecto tratamiento―mientras&#xA;  más horas de oscuridad, mayor el crecimiento de los vástagos, al menos&#xA;  para estos tres periodos de luz versus oscuridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Evidencia convincente&lt;/code&gt; sounds rather redundant, since something &lt;code&gt;evidente&lt;/code&gt; is indeed &lt;code&gt;convincente&lt;/code&gt; and even more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of the dash &lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt; as you're using it is very common in English, but it sounds strange in Spanish. You might use a colon &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; or just a comma &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mientras&lt;/code&gt; is not wrong, but I'd use it along with the verb &lt;code&gt;haya&lt;/code&gt;. Or better yet, I'd replace it with &lt;code&gt;cuantas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Luz versus oscuridad&lt;/code&gt; sounds horrible to me. In fact I'm not sure what do you mean with that... If your're trying to say that the light and the darkness are alternating, you might use &lt;code&gt;alternancia luz/oscuridad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, eventually, I'd probably translate your sentence like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto nos da &lt;strong&gt;evidencia&lt;/strong&gt; de un efecto tratamiento: &lt;strong&gt;cuantas&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  más horas de oscuridad, mayor &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; el crecimiento de los vástagos, al menos&#xA;  para estos tres periodos de &lt;strong&gt;alternancia luz/oscuridad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-09-01T14:43:54.000" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T14:43:54.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-01T12:56:04.507" Score="11" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess that the Internet is a very powerful catalyst in the evolution of languages. For example, I estimated, analyzing some of my emails and a considerable percentage of any kind of messages containing Spanish text, from the past year, comparing the occurrence of &lt;code&gt;?&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt;, that the opening question mark is used less than half as frequently as the closing question mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, of course is by no means an extensive study, but it motivates the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Is &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt; in danger of extinction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concretely, are there serious studies, with a broader sampling and a time-dependent plot showing presumably a trend for the use/disuse of &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt;  ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Publicity:&lt;/strong&gt; If &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;/em&gt; is going extinct, let's save it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T06:37:35.113" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T13:11:39.503" Title="Are there any studies regarding the future viability of the inverted question mark (¿)?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4128" CreationDate="2013-09-01T14:13:12.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot answer your question for sure because I cannot read the future, but I think your evidence is quite strong unfortunately. The reason for what you observed is obviously that many of the people writing to you may be using an English keyboard and it is oh-so-tiring to type a special symbol. It happens to me when answering questions in Spanish here. I type and then add all the accents and stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My English-speaking friends always marvel at the inverted question mark. They find it useful to have a visual marker of the beginning of a question (they are mostly mathematicians), so I think it is a symbol worth saving and perhaps even introducing into other less fortunate languages :) &lt;b&gt;¿Perhaps people who read this can experiment with using the inverted question mark in their English correspondence for a change?&lt;/b&gt; I always make it a point to accentuate my last name in English documents and to pronounce it correctly, so ¿why not do the same with a symbol that will enrich the language?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T14:13:12.323" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4134" CreationDate="2013-09-01T15:31:44.577" Score="6" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;hope&quot; and &quot;expect&quot; both translate as &lt;em&gt;esperar,&lt;/em&gt; how would you say something like &quot;It was better than I expected, but not as good as I had hoped&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="455" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T19:13:26.227" Title="Distinguishing between realistic and wishful expectations" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="385" CreationDate="2013-09-01T16:40:14.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The obvious explanation is that words cannot begin with 'rr'. In older encyclopedias you would search &lt;code&gt;chino&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;llama&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;Ch&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Ll&lt;/code&gt; chapters, but now they are listed in the &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;L&lt;/code&gt; chapters instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, &lt;code&gt;Ch&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Ll&lt;/code&gt; were considered letters and had their own chapters, but &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; couldn't have its own chapter and perhaps partly because of that it did not count as a letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T16:40:14.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2013-09-01T16:42:01.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratataratatarabuelo&lt;/code&gt; beats all other answers so far...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="1837" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T18:49:23.570" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T18:49:23.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4130" CreationDate="2013-09-01T19:43:50.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would nominalize either &quot;expect&quot; or &quot;hope&quot;; the former goes to &lt;em&gt;expectativa&lt;/em&gt;, the latter to &lt;em&gt;esperanza&lt;/em&gt; (context dependent). So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rebasó mis expectativas, pero no mis esperanzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or with some freedom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rebasó mis expectativas, pero fue menos de lo que deseaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue más de lo que esperaba, pero me decepcionó. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1884" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T19:13:26.227" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T19:13:26.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4130" CreationDate="2013-09-01T21:12:26.043" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's true that both &lt;code&gt;hope&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;expect&lt;/code&gt; can be translated as &lt;code&gt;esperar&lt;/code&gt;, but they can have also other translations...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most sentences you will only want to use one of the meanings, and it'll be quite clear which one you're meaning... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, as you want to use both meanings, you'd better use synonyms, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue mejor de lo que &lt;strong&gt;pensaba&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;suponía&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;preveía&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;figuraba&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;imaginaba&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no tan bien como  &lt;strong&gt;deseaba&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;quería&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;me gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;me hubiera gustado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;code&gt;hope&lt;/code&gt;, as you say, means a &lt;em&gt;wishful expectation&lt;/em&gt;, so you can most of the times translate it by &lt;code&gt;desear&lt;/code&gt; (=&lt;code&gt;wish&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2013-09-02T09:32:02.677" LastActivityDate="2013-09-02T09:32:02.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4128" CreationDate="2013-09-02T15:19:15.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think the inverted question and exclamation marks are in danger of extinction for the following reasons, among others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On chats, tweets and the like, often we start typing before we decide it's a question or at least before we know where the question starts. We know it by the end of the sentence when we finish, but can't be bothered to go back and insert it at the beginning. If you look closely at your data samples, my guess is you'll probably find other more serious spelling and grammar errors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some of us are using non-Spanish keyboards, and again, the informal nature of the text or email seems forgiving enough that omitting the opening mark is not a big problem.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On more formal texts, books, magazines and publications both on- and off-line the opening question and exclamation marks are alive and well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am not a linguist but I remember the letters &lt;em&gt;Ll&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Ch&lt;/em&gt;, which made sense as long as they represented different sounds, were split because they caused serious inconsistencies with computer sorting. I don't recall any such complaints about opening question marks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the considerations that come to my mind, but just as Rodrigo says, I may be wrong because my clairvoyance skills have always been very poor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-09-02T21:20:16.830" LastActivityDate="2013-09-02T21:20:16.830" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4113" CreationDate="2013-09-02T17:46:15.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunos países hispanohablantes se distingue el sonido de la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada (similar al inglés) del de la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; (más velar o uvular; como en inglés &lt;em&gt;loch&lt;/em&gt;).  Dado que son pocas las palabras que usan &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada en español (&lt;em&gt;halar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;harto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Helsinki&lt;/em&gt;) la distinción se pierde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término más correcto y original es &lt;em&gt;halar&lt;/em&gt;, pronunciado con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada, y si en tu acento propio no distingues la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada de la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, se pronuncia entonces como &lt;em&gt;jalar&lt;/em&gt;.  La escritura con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; es por lo tanto correcta aún cuando se pronuncia como &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-09-02T17:46:15.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2013-09-02T18:38:22.597" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some 15 years ago I was working on machine recognition of Spanish sentences, and I figured out several patterns of irregular verb conjugations, which I used to reduce the cases I had to test.  I do not have the documents so probably I will miss many of the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some irregularities are just phonetic assimilation and dissimilation such as &lt;em&gt;huir&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;huyendo&lt;/em&gt; (instead of literal regularity &lt;em&gt;huiendo&lt;/em&gt;).  Any verb following the same phonetic pattern will behave the same so this should not be regarded as an irregularity but just as a phonetic rule (the same as &lt;em&gt;c/qu&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;acercar&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;acerque&lt;/em&gt;).  My code recognized this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some irregularities have origin in archaic pronunciation rules.  The most common are the &lt;em&gt;e/ie&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;o/ue&lt;/em&gt; alternations such as &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;--&gt;&lt;em&gt;quiere&lt;/em&gt;.  Disregarding this alternation &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; is otherwise a completely regular verb, so in my system I stored with a different symbol (arbitrarily I used &lt;em&gt;ê&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;quêr-er&lt;/em&gt;) and then I used an algorithm to know if it should be &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt; (when the stress fell in &lt;em&gt;ê&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; (when the stress fell in other syllable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While not an orthographic-phonetic rule as &lt;em&gt;c/qu&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;z/c&lt;/em&gt; there are a few verbs that have a similar behavior, such as &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;.  The final &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; in the root (pronounced [t] in Spain or [s] in Latin-America) will change into &lt;em&gt;zc&lt;/em&gt; before rear vowels.  It is an irregularity as it affects both writing and pronunciation, but from a machine point of view it was handled just as an orthographic issue and then the conjugation was regular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next analysis were about verbs like &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; (well, after handling the &lt;em&gt;e/ie&lt;/em&gt; issue). They have an odd past tense. It is such as the simple indicative past tense (&lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido del indicativo&lt;/em&gt;) and some subjunctive tenses used another root (&lt;em&gt;tuv-&lt;/em&gt;) and the simple past had different conjugation theme: (&lt;em&gt;tuv-e, -iste, -o&lt;/em&gt;, compared with regular &lt;em&gt;am-é, -aste, -ó&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;com-í, -iste, -ió&lt;/em&gt;).  That theme is also present in &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, among others.  (Their subjunctives use the irregular root with the regular theme.) Note, however, that most verbs in this category have further irregularities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it leads me to &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt;. Verb &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; has a consistent irregularity when the declination has a rear vowel: the whole root changes from &lt;em&gt;cab-&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;quep-&lt;/em&gt;, so present indicative is &lt;em&gt;quepo, cabes, cabe, cabemos, cabéis, caben&lt;/em&gt;; and present subjunctive is &lt;em&gt;quepa, quepas, quepa, quepamos, quepáis, quepan&lt;/em&gt;.  Compared with &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;parezco, pareces, parece, parecemos, pareceis, parecen&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;parezca, parezcas, parezca, etc.&lt;/em&gt;  The same rule to know the &lt;em&gt;c/zc&lt;/em&gt; alternace will be used to alternate the whole root.  So, &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; has three roots: the regular &lt;em&gt;cab-&lt;/em&gt;, and the irregular &lt;em&gt;cup-&lt;/em&gt; (past tenses) and &lt;em&gt;quep-&lt;/em&gt; (present tenses before rear vowels).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there are the complete irregular verbs such as the monosyllabic (&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;) and other cases that would be handled with multiple roots, additional conjugation themes, and exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T14:15:17.877" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T14:15:17.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4128" CreationDate="2013-09-02T18:52:09.450" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use of &amp;quot;¿&amp;quot; in Spanish serves a specific purpose, which is to indicate the beginning of a question which otherwise would be ambiguous as to whether it were a question or a statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: ¿Existen estudios sobre este tema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Existen estudios sobre este tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You see, the exact same sequence of words can be used for the question and the answer. The &amp;quot;¿&amp;quot; is necessary to know how to interpret the sentence from the beginning. Therefore, even if the trend in informal communication is to omit it for whatever reason, I personally doubt that we'll see it being dropped from the language formally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, this ambiguity is not an issue, because there is less flexibility in word order. You start questions with an interrogative word like &amp;quot;how&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;what&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;when&amp;quot;, or with the word &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;. Also a question can be formulated by changing the word order to set it off as a question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: Are there studies on this subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: There are studies on this subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the word order may stay the same and be grammatically correct. In English the order of the words &amp;quot;there&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;are&amp;quot; makes one a question and one a statement, and you know it right off the bat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;An anonymous user edited my answer to mention the following (which should have just been left as a comment, not an edit):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Yes, but in English one can also ask:&#xA;There are studies on this subject? It usually indicates greater incredulity but it does serve as a question.&quot;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more informal language. Additionally, I'd wager that you'd come across this formulation in verbal communication more often than written. I'm not entirely certain if it is correct grammar technically, but I'm updating the answer because I agree that you will definitely &lt;em&gt;hear&lt;/em&gt; this type of forumulation of a question (whether correct or not). I also agree that this type of formulation indicates a greater degree of incredulity. In fact, expressing a high degree of incredulity may be its only purpose. You would not formulate a sincere question in this way. Therefore, I stand by my previous explanation, and believe my points were valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T13:11:39.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-02T21:18:17.853" Score="10" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common courtesy in the U.S. for runners, joggers, and cyclists to announce their presence to others, especially when approaching from behind, by shouting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Right!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Left!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This informs the other pedestrian or cyclist that they are about to be passed on their right or left, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never noticed this happening while riding in Mexico.  But even if it's not common, I would like to do the same, for my safety and the safety of those around me.  What's the proper way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could simply shout &lt;code&gt;¡Derecha!&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;¡Izquierda!&lt;/code&gt;, but would people know what I mean?  Do I need a more complete phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Le paso a su derecha!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a standard way to do this?  If not, what's they best way to convey my meaning in as short a phrase as possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T01:29:27.413" Title="What's the best way to inform a pedestrian or fellow cyclist that I'm about to pass them?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4140" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-03T00:19:13.790" Score="-2" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la siguiente oración de un texto que estoy traduciendo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él,como pudo, midío en diferentes días y a diferentes horas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuales son los problemas de esta oración? ¿Cómo puedo rehacerla? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following sentence from a document I am translating: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él,como pudo, midío en diferentes días y a diferentes horas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some problems in this sentence. How would you rewrite it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1319" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T15:17:26.737" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T15:17:26.737" Title="Find the Mistakes in This Sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-03T00:22:28.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least, here in Chile, we don't have a common way to warn someone, but you could certainly just shout loudly &quot;aaah&quot; or better yet, just scream &quot;¡cuidado!&quot; (careful) o &quot;¡disculpe!&quot; (excuse me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1727" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T01:00:13.200" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T01:00:13.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-03T03:27:39.667" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer assumes you are interested in dealing with Mexican pedestrians.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is not a culture of sharing the road and sidewalks with cyclists. Cars and buses will take advantage of your slow speed, while pedestrians will feel you are taking more than your share of sidewalk. Thus, simply put, a standard rule for what you ask has never evolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem remains to warn people when you &lt;b&gt;do&lt;/b&gt; risk it out there. &lt;code&gt;¡derecha!&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;¡izquierda!&lt;/code&gt; are misleading. ¿Do I move to the right, or is someone passing on the right? The first thing that came to my mind was &lt;code&gt;¡cuidado a la derecha/izquierda!&lt;/code&gt; It is as short as I can think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it may be better to use something more colorful and less concrete for maximum impact. ¿What about &lt;code&gt;¡paso! ¡paso! ¡paso! ¡paso!&lt;/code&gt; and let them figure out where are you coming from by the direction of the incoming voice? I think you would blend in better that way...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T03:27:39.667" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4140" CreationDate="2013-09-03T04:14:21.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;midío&lt;/em&gt; is wrong, it should be &lt;em&gt;midió&lt;/em&gt;. Also, it is not &lt;em&gt;oracíon&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;oración&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the only mistake I see. I am a native spanish speaker, and the sentence makes sense to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1778" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T04:14:21.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4140" CreationDate="2013-09-03T06:13:11.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Juan Sebastian states, modulo the bad spelling of &lt;em&gt;midío&lt;/em&gt;, which should be &lt;em&gt;midió&lt;/em&gt;, the sentence is correct. It means,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He measured, as he could, on different days, at different times.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T06:13:11.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4112" CreationDate="2013-09-03T21:47:47.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets go back and analyze the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son / esas diferencias / lo suficientemente grandes / para descartar la variación / debido al azar / como una posible explicacíon / para la diferencia observada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets reorder it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son / lo suficientemente grandes, / esas diferencias, / para descartar la variación / debido al azar / como una posible explicacíon / para la diferencia observada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son / esas diferencias, / para descartar la variación / debido al azar / como una posible explicacíon / para la diferencia observada, / lo suficientemente grandes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(I took liberties with the comma)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can reorder however you want, with and without the &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; and you will find that it is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; critical for the sentence to keep their meaning. So, in this peculiar is not. Now lets see how I can make that it becomes &lt;em&gt;critical&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Lo suficientemente grandes / son / esas diferencias / para descartar la variación / debido al azar / como una posible explicacíon / para la diferencia observada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Suficientemente grandes / son / esas diferencias / para descartar la variación / debido al azar / como una posible explicacíon / para la diferencia observada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I failed to make so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T21:47:47.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-03T23:01:35.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Rodrigo accurately said, that sharing culture does not apply to all people in México, probably if you are driving you could use: &quot;Comper&quot; (short-slang expression for &quot;con [su] permiso&quot;), another slang: &quot;Aguas, aguas, aguas&quot;, a little more appropriate: &quot;Cuidado&quot;; aggressive but effective: &quot;Muévete&quot; or &quot;Quítate&quot;, but use these last two with measure and for some emergency, people could get aggressive too, in fact, if you are polite people could also react wrong with some &quot;colorful folklore words&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, and just for completing the idea, not exactly about the question... that's if you are driving... but if you plan to walk or cycling, be careful, it could be VERY dangerous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1495" LastEditorUserId="852" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T14:20:36.933" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T14:20:36.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4151" CreationDate="2013-09-03T23:54:27.810" Score="2" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la siguiente oración: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay población real de medidas que puedan ser muestreadas.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La versión traducida debe ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is no actual population of measurements that can be sampled.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe la palabra &lt;em&gt;muestrear&lt;/em&gt;? Traté de investigar esta palabra y solamente&#xA;pude encontrar &lt;em&gt;muestreo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tomar muestra&lt;/em&gt; en los sitios de la lengua española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay población real de medidas que puedan ser muestreadas.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is no actual population of measurements that can be sampled.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;muestrear&lt;/em&gt; exist? I tried to search it and could only find &lt;em&gt;muestreo&lt;/em&gt; and &#xA;&lt;em&gt;tomar muestra&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish language sites. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1666" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T08:47:49.830" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T08:47:49.830" Title="Does the word &quot;muestrear&quot; exist?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4148" CreationDate="2013-09-04T01:08:33.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Oxford, the adjective &quot;muestreado&quot; exists, and means &quot;sampled.&quot; However there does not seem to be a corresponding verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado el adjetivo &quot;muestreado&quot; en el diccionario Oxford. La traducción en inglés sería &quot;sampled&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T01:08:33.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4153" CreationDate="2013-09-04T01:25:32.993" Score="5" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al sur de la Ciudad de Mexico he escuchado las palabras &lt;code&gt;ñube&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;ñudo&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;nube&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;nudo&lt;/code&gt;. Debido a otros modismos escuchados de la misma persona, tiendo a pensar que  las palabras citadas son arcaicas en lugar de ser simples distorsiones. Sin embargo no tengo evidencia concreta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T02:50:18.713" Title="¿Es ñube una forma antigua de nube?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4148" CreationDate="2013-09-04T01:54:39.183" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Claro que existe y precisamente con el significado que necesitas (relacionado con la estadística):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;muestrear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Aplicar la técnica de muestreo a un conjunto determinado de personas o cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace a la entrada en el DRAE, de donde tomé la definición: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/muestrear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/muestrear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T01:54:39.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4150" CreationDate="2013-09-04T02:50:18.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/%C3%B1udo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ñudo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece registrada en el DRAE (el enlace anterior lleva a la entrada correspondiente):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ñudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De nudo, con la ñ de añudar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. p. us. nudo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que es una variante de &quot;nudo&quot; pero, como deja ver la marca &lt;strong&gt;m. p. us.&lt;/strong&gt;, se trata de un nombre masculino poco usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &quot;ñube&quot; es utilizado en algunas regiones de Asturias por &quot;nube&quot;; trascribo lo que menciona el &lt;a href=&quot;http://mas.lne.es/diccionario/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Diccionario General de la Lengua Asturiana (DGLA)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nube, la.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nube [Lln. Rs. Pa. Cp. Ca (LBlanco). Ay. Ri. Tb. Sm. JH]. 2. Tormenta [Lln. Rs. Os. Cb. Ac. Llg. Sb. Ca. Ay. Tb. Sm. Pr. VCid]:&#xA;  Vieno la nube ya hubo que s’abilugar [Tb]. Chaparrón [Tb. Sm. Gr].&#xA;  Chaparrón de verano [Ay. Ar]. 3. Mancha en un ojo [Ac. VCid]. 4.&#xA;  Persona de mal humor [Pr].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Frases hechas y locuciones: Andar pelles ñubes ell mar ‘andar por las&#xA;  nubes el mar’ [JH]. //Cayer la nube ‘producirse una tormenta’ [Llg].&#xA;  //La yerba la nube ‘planta semejante al trébol, de hoja muy pequeña y&#xA;  con una manchita blanca en cada una, que se usa para curar las nubes&#xA;  de los ojos’ [Cv]. //Nubes de los güechos ‘nubes de los ojos’ [Sm].&#xA;  //Nube de pedriscu ‘tormenta de truenos y granizo’ [Lln]. //Nube seca&#xA;  ‘tormenta de truenos y rayos pero no de lluvia y pedrisco’ [Lln].&#xA;  //Peles nubes ‘muy caro’ [Sr]. //Tar de nube ‘estar de tormenta’ [Pa&#xA;  (ñube). Llg. Ll. Sl]. ‘amenazar tormenta’ [Pr]. //Una ñube nun güeyu&#xA;  ‘una catarata’ [Pa].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Documentación literaria: Cuando una ñuve tanta piedra allancia [DyE&#xA;  14]. De pardes ñuves velada [El Niño Enfermo 234]. Ansi ñuve de veranu&#xA;  / de goterines preñada [El Niño Enfermo 236]. Tente firme y fala reciu&#xA;  / que ya descargó la ñube [El Camberu 27].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ñube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v. nube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, &lt;em&gt;ñudo&lt;/em&gt;, aunque es un vocablo poco usado (de hecho, primera vez que lo escucho o leo) es un término castizo aceptado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;ñube&lt;/em&gt; (también, primera vez que lo escucho o leo), podría tratarse de una deformación dialectal propia de la región, ¿tal vez producto de influencia de inmigrantes asturianos? Por supuesto, esto último es tan solo una conjetura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T02:50:18.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1266" CreationDate="2013-09-04T14:07:52.400" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can search for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/?search_type=e&amp;amp;search_scope=&amp;amp;q=%22Del%20vasco%22&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;search_order=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;del vasco&quot;&lt;/a&gt; on Dirae, which produces 88 results (from the DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar la búsqueda &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/?search_type=e&amp;amp;search_scope=&amp;amp;q=%22Del%20vasco%22&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;search_order=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;del vasco&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en Dirae, que arroja 88 resultados (procedentes del DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=abertzale&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;abertzale&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=agur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;agur&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=agu%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aguín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aizcolari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aizcolari&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=amachinarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;amachinarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=amarreco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;amarreco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=amilamia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;amilamia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=anavia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;anavia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=angula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;angula&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aquelarre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aquelarre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=arangorri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arangorri&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=arnasca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arnasca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=arrabio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrabio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=astabat%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;astabatán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aurragado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aurragado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=aurresku&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aurresku&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=azcona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;azcona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=bacalao&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bacalao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=barrunte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;barrunte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=bat%C3%BAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;batúa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=boruca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;boruca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=burga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;burga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=carranca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;carranca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cartolas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cartolas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cencerro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cencerro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cenzaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cenzaya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chabola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chabola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chacol%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chacolí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=changurro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;changurro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chaparro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chaparro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chapela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chapela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=charro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;charro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chatarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chatarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chirula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chirula&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chistera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chistera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chistorra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chistorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=chueca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chueca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cinzaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cinzaya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cococha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cococha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=donostiarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;donostiarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=escarrio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;escarrio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=esgu%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;esguín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=etarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;etarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=euscalduna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;euscalduna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=euskera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;euskera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gabarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gabarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gamarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gamarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gambal%C3%BAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gambalúa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ganz%C3%BAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ganzúa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gardama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gardama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gardubera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gardubera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=guiri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ikastola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ikastola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ikurri%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ikurriña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=izquierdo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;izquierdo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=jorgu%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;jorguín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=last%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lastón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=las%C3%BAn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lasún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=laya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;laya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=lendakari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lendakari&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=lurte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lurte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=maqueto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;maqueto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=mochil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mochil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=mogote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mogote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=molso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;molso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=motil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;motil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=mozcorra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mozcorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=muga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;muga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=narra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;narra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=narria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;narria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=orzaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;orzaya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=pachar%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pacharán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=pelotari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pelotari&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=pitarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pitarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=sabaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabaya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=sagard%C3%BAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sagardúa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=sagarm%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sagarmín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=sinsorgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinsorgo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=talo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;talo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=tobera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tobera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zacuto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zacuto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zamarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zamarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zarandilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zarandilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zarrio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zarrio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zatico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zatico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zorcico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zorcico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=zurr%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;zurrón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=%C3%B3rdago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;órdago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T08:44:09.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4158" CreationDate="2013-09-05T22:41:57.533" Score="5" ViewCount="3028" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe la palabra &lt;em&gt;promedio&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo? EL sitio de DRAE dice que esta palabra&#xA;no está registrada. (Lo irónico es que Google Translate y mi otro diccionario de Español-Inglés la registran, pero como sustantivo.)  Encontré la frase &lt;em&gt;las diferencias promedio&lt;/em&gt; y no sé si es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the word &lt;em&gt;promedio&lt;/em&gt; exist as an adjective? The DRAE site says that this word is not registered in its records. (The strange thing is that Google Translate and my other Spanish-English dictionary can find it, but as a noun.) I stumbled on the phrase &lt;em&gt;las diferencias promedio&lt;/em&gt; and I am not sure if it can be used to describe diferencias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T23:56:54.983" Title="Uso de &quot;promedio&quot; como adjetivo" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4155" CreationDate="2013-09-06T00:05:47.673" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It exists, before &lt;em&gt;explaining&lt;/em&gt; my question I &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to say that DRAE is way of old fashioned about language customs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Promedio&lt;/em&gt; is supposed to be a noun, but it's got this adjective meaning just as in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Las diferencias promedio.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means something like &quot;the usual differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1715" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T00:05:47.673" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4155" CreationDate="2013-09-06T05:32:55.440" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Promedio&lt;/code&gt; es un sustantivo (si fuera adjetivo, debería concordar con el sustantivo que modifica). Su función en el ejemplo es de aposición especificativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sustantivo en &lt;em&gt;aposición &lt;strong&gt;especificativa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; dice algo del sustantivo que le precede, algo que no está implícito en él, y que por eso lo define y distingue de los demás: &lt;em&gt;el coche cama&lt;/em&gt; se distingue de otros coches que no tienen esta función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Aposiciones%20e%20incisos.htm&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Aposiciones%20e%20incisos.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T05:32:55.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4159" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-29T01:44:21.800" Score="5" ViewCount="44410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm generating a module which transforms numbers into reading in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a similar question and read the answer, so I know 0,25 is read like below&#xA;&quot;cero coma veinticinco&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, I got a tip about how the role of comma(,) and dot(.) is switched when writing a number, compared with English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are my questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I want to write &lt;em&gt;&quot;one thousand dot two&quot;&lt;/em&gt; by number in Spanish, do I have to write like &lt;code&gt;1.000,2&lt;/code&gt; in all case? Never &lt;code&gt;1,000.2&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secondly, Decimal part is read like reading an integer?&#xA;For example, &lt;code&gt;0,25&lt;/code&gt; needs to be read &lt;em&gt;&quot;cero coma veinticinco&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? And not &lt;em&gt;&quot;cero coma dos cinco&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&#xA;If so, how to read this? &lt;code&gt;3.1415926535&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;tres coma mil cuatrocientos quince millones novecientos veintiséis mil quinientos treinta y cinco&quot;&lt;/em&gt;???&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, if a number less than 0, how to read the &quot;minus&quot; character?&#xA;If I just put &lt;em&gt;&quot;menos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; before read a number part, is that right?&#xA;For example, &lt;code&gt;-0,25&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;menos cero coma veinticinco?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1634805" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-22T17:29:19.967" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T09:00:14.580" Title="How to read a decimal number in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4159" CreationDate="2013-08-29T02:27:53.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I'm not a Spanish grammar expert but hopefully this can help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unfortunately it depends on the country. Some countries use comma (,) and others dot (.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Spain, South America and parts of Central America, the comma and&#xA;  period are used the opposite of the way they are in American English.&#xA;  Thus 123,456,789.01 in English becomes 123.456.789,01 in most areas&#xA;  where Spanish is used. However, in Mexico, Puerto Rico and parts of&#xA;  Central America, the convention used in U.S. English is followed.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/writtenspanish/a/comma_2.htm&quot;&gt;Using the Comma in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I will never use the complete integer for long numbers like &lt;code&gt;3.1415926535&lt;/code&gt;. Instead I'll use &lt;em&gt;&quot;tres punto catorce quince noventa y dos sesenta y cinco treinta y cinco&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or even &lt;em&gt;&quot;tres punto uno cuatro uno cinco....&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You are right, &lt;code&gt;-0.25&lt;/code&gt; will be &quot;menos cero punto veinticinco&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="estebane97" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T02:27:53.570" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4159" CreationDate="2013-09-06T17:04:59.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By SI standard, regardless of country you should always write &lt;code&gt;1 000,2&lt;/code&gt;, that is, the thousands separator should be any kind of spacing character, and the decimal separator a comma. Some people use a dot and that's accepted, too. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=n%C3%BAmeros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's statement about this.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may use whichever way you prefer, in any case. I would pronounce π (3.1415926535...) as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tres coma catorce quince nueve dos seis cinco tres cinco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Decimales-c%C3%B3mo%20leerlos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; (with help of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asifunciona.com/ciencia/ke_notacion_cientifica/ke_notacion_cientifica_1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other one&lt;/a&gt;), you &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; pronounce π as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tres unidades, mil cuatrocientos quince millones novecientos veintiséis mil quinientos treinta y cinco billonésimas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this is far less practical than writing just the number and people will understand you if you just pronounce π as I quoted first. You may only need to &quot;pronounce&quot; as I quoted second in legal documents and other formal writings that require you to refrain from writing numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;amp; 3. Yes, that's how you pronounce it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="852" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T00:34:38.757" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T00:34:38.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4162" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4173" CreationDate="2013-09-06T17:11:25.107" Score="3" ViewCount="4137" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de utilizar este juego de verbos transitivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Espero que hagas como te ordeno&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Espero hagas como te ordeno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es sólo un ejemplo pero tengo la duda porque la segunda forma que he citado siempre me ha sonado incómoda e incorrecta, ¿cuál es la opinión de un experto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="852" LastEditorUserId="852" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T08:48:53.747" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T08:48:53.747" Title="¿&quot;Espero que hagas algo&quot; o &quot;espero hagas algo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4122" CreationDate="2013-09-06T18:24:37.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Versus es un termino aceptado en español &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/versus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/versus&lt;/a&gt; : &#xA;1. prep. Frente a, contra. Occidente versus Oriente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para reescribirlo necesitaria la version original en ingles pero te diria que partes como hispano hablante no entiendo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;un efecto tratamiento&quot; creo que aqui hablas de &quot;un tratamiento efectivo&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;mayor el crecimiento de los vástagos&quot;  queda mejor: &quot;mayor es el crecimiento de los vástagos&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;estos tres periodos de luz versus oscuridad.&quot; aqui es confuso no se a que te refieres con el versus si usas luz y oscuridad como alias o sobrenombres de otras entidades : seres de la luz y seres de la oscuridad podria ser pues el versus demuestra un antagonismo o enfrentamiento, si por otro lado te refieres a que son etapas de un ciclo que se compone de un periodo de luz y otro de oscuridad podria quedar mejor: periodos de luz y oscuridad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1856" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T18:24:37.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-06T18:28:04.673" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Perú we use: &quot;Permiso&quot; or &quot;Cuidado&quot;, maybe you can use a bell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1856" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T14:23:08.900" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T14:23:08.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4166" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-06T19:38:09.177" Score="2" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene sentido la frase &lt;em&gt;es sorprendentement genuino&lt;/em&gt; en la siguiente oración? La encontré en un texto sobre la educación estadísdica. No puedo enterderla en este contexto. ¿Puede darme esta oración traducida a inglés? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es sorprendentemente genuino a los estudiantes que los resúmenes de los datos (medias en este caso) puedan ir en una dirección en los datos agregados, pero puedan ir en dirección opuesta para cada subcategoría cuando son desagregados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T19:20:19.920" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;es sorprendentemente genuino&quot; en esta oración?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-06T19:38:14.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Costa Rica we would say &quot;¡voy!&quot; (for &quot;¡voy a pasar!&quot;) It's short and easily comprehensible I'd say. The direction you're coming from would in this case be inferred by the receptor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="852" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T19:38:14.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4166" CreationDate="2013-09-06T20:14:06.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido. Parece que fuera una mala traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1858" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T20:14:06.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4166" CreationDate="2013-09-06T20:40:36.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece una traducción directo del frase &quot;genuine surprise&quot; en Ingles.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was a genuine surprise to the students that the data (averages in this case) can go in one direction in aggregate, but can go in the opposite direction for each subcategory when separated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English I have seen this phrase often used for summaries of educational activity.  It gives extra emphases to the fact the students did not know it before.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1822" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T20:40:36.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4159" CreationDate="2013-09-06T20:53:47.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The decimal coma is the ISO standard and the prefered method in most Spanish speaking countries (notable exception Mexico, where the decimal dot is prefered), however the dot is very common everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In informal contexts, grouping decimals by two or even by three is common.  For example: 0,5; 0,25; 0,125; 0,0625; 0,03125 I would normally read as &lt;em&gt;cero coma cinco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cero coma veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cero coma ciento veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cero coma cero seis veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cero coma cero tres ciento veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;; however in formal (prescribistic) contexts you should never group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My reading of π (3,1415926535...) would normally be: &lt;em&gt;tres coma catorce quince noventa y dos sesenta y cinco treinta y cinco etcétera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T09:00:14.580" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T09:00:14.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4162" CreationDate="2013-09-06T21:05:29.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este contexto &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo transitivo cuyo objeto directo debe ser siempre un sintagma nominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero &lt;strong&gt;tu respuesta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; espero con la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero &lt;strong&gt;que me respondas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero &lt;strong&gt;recibir&lt;/strong&gt; tu respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto implica que si sigue una construcción verbal debe usarse el conector &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o el verbo debe ir en infinitivo, el cual es una forma nominal del verbo. (Esto último si el sujeto del verbo es el mismo sujeto que espera.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma con el verbo finito (conjugado) sin el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es común&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero &lt;strong&gt;me respondas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no sé si se trate de un anglicismo, pero en mi opinión es incorrecta y debe evitarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T21:05:29.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4166" CreationDate="2013-09-06T21:11:22.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con la respuesta de Meep, lo que nos lleva a buscar una mejor traducción al español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue una verdadera sorpresa para los estudiantes que los datos (en este caso los promedios) puedan ir en un sentido pero vayan en sentido opuesto para cada subcategoría cuando éstas se toman por separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T21:11:22.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4162" CreationDate="2013-09-06T22:58:43.467" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una forma muy poco usada pero válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;, artículo “que”, sección &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW#2_1_2&quot;&gt;2.1.2&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando la oración subordinada funciona como complemento directo de un verbo de «ruego» o «temor», se suprime a veces la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;: «&lt;em&gt;Le rogué me permitiera acompañarla hasta la entrada&lt;/em&gt;» (Cano &lt;em&gt;Abismo&lt;/em&gt; [Col. 1991]); «&lt;em&gt;Ya me temo no termine nunca&lt;/em&gt; [esta guerra]» (Umbral &lt;em&gt;Leyenda&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1991]); sucede también, aunque más raramente, con verbos de «opinión»: «&lt;em&gt;El comunicado&lt;/em&gt; [...] &lt;em&gt;eriza el cabello y supongo habrá espantado al ministro Belloch&lt;/em&gt;» (&lt;em&gt;Mundo&lt;/em&gt; [Esp.] 21.12.94). En todos estos casos, aunque no se censura la supresión de la conjunción, se considera preferible mantenerla: &lt;em&gt;Le rogué &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me permitiera, me temo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; no termine, supongo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; habrá espantado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta otra página, “&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Conjunci%C3%B3n%20que%20-%20omisi%C3%B3n.htm&quot;&gt;Omisión de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;”, se explaya un poco más y da más ejemplos. Copio la entradilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en las subordinadas sustantivas, casi siempre de objeto directo, se puede omitir. Esta omisión era frecuente en los textos antiguos y se atestigua hoy en el lenguaje epistolar, en el jurídico y en el administrativo, así como en otras variedades formales de la lengua escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2013-09-06T23:06:07.647" LastActivityDate="2013-09-06T23:06:07.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4184" CreationDate="2013-09-10T03:01:32.730" Score="10" ViewCount="2474" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando era niño me parecía muy divertido leer material escrito en España sobre personajes famosos (históricos o de ficción). Así, &lt;code&gt;George Washington&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Luke Skywalker&lt;/code&gt; se convertían en &lt;code&gt;Jorge Washington&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Lucas Trotacielos&lt;/code&gt;. Esto no ocurría tan a menudo con material escrito en México (excepto en algunos materiales escolares). Ahora, años más tarde, me parece una costumbre pretenciosa y un poco ridícula. Es como escribir en inglés sobre los famosos artistas &lt;code&gt;Savior Dali&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Paul Picasso&lt;/code&gt;. Así pues,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es realmente aceptable esta costumbre?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es común actualmente? ¿Dónde?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T10:04:57.390" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T10:04:57.390" Title="Traducción de nombres propios" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4175" CreationDate="2013-09-10T06:17:22.517" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ninguna regla oficial que dictamine si es 'aceptable' la 'costumbre' o no.&#xA;Es común, sí, particularmente en países dónde el esfuerzo por aprender inglés (o cualquier otro idioma en general) es pobre o inexistente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intentar traducir nombres es una tarea futil y sumamente ilógica dado que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La mayoría de los nombres, a nivel mundial, carecen de equivalentes en otros idiomas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los únicos equivalentes pertenecen/existen, en su mayoría, entre paises que comparten una religión, e inclusive entonces, suelen estar limitados a nombres que aparecen en textos religiosos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Propicia la actitud 'anti-subtítulos' o 'anti aprendizaje de lenguajes foráneos' y con ello, hace que las películas dobladas proliferen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saliendo de lo neutral, en lo personal me parece una costumbre pésima. No se logra gana, no se gana nada, la gran mayoría de las veces no se puede, es un síntoma de un mal mayor: la renuencia a aprender otros idiomas y no sorpresivamente, lo podemos ver todo el tiempo en las pésimas películas dobladas que plagan a latino-américa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma forma que una película doblada es una absoluta basura porque destruye todo el trabajo de un actor, traducir nombres le quita el 'sabor' o 'magia' particular al nombre y al personaje =/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="179" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T06:17:22.517" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-10T09:23:52.177" Score="7" ViewCount="1775" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read about the &quot;leísmo de cortesía&quot; i.e. the use of &quot;le&quot; and &quot;les&quot; as direct object pronouns when referring to a person or group you are addressing formally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of my learning resources never advocate using &quot;le&quot; or &quot;les&quot; as direct object pronouns. However, some (e.g. Michel Thomas) seem to teach &quot;leísmo de cortesía&quot;, at least in the singular (I'm not clear on whether the Michel Thomas courses employ &quot;leísmo de cortesía&quot; in the plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: take a speaker of peninsular Spanish who says &quot;puedo verlo&quot; for &quot;I can see him&quot; but &quot;puedo verle&quot; for &quot;I can see you (sir)&quot;. Would consistency require that such a speaker use &quot;puedo verles&quot; in preference to &quot;puedo verlos&quot; for &quot;I can see you (plural, formal)&quot;? Or are there speakers who employ &quot;leísmo de cortesía&quot; in the singular but not the plural? Is this viewed as acceptable, or would this seem inconsistent to a native speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1053" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-01-30T08:55:29.873" LastActivityDate="2020-01-30T08:57:24.460" Title="&quot;Leísmo de cortesía&quot; and consistency" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4177" CreationDate="2013-09-10T10:45:31.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a problem here. &quot;Puedo verle&quot; is formal and natural way of speaking, at least in peninsular Spanish (note: I'm from Madrid). &#xA;&quot;Puedo verlo&quot; is hardly ever used. Here in Spain we don't use it very often, even in very formal situations, in second person or third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same for &quot;puedo verlos&quot;, which means EXACTLY the same as &quot;puedo verles&quot;, but it is more often used in Spanish from America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trust me. Always use LE version for people. Be it formal or informal, second or third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-09-10T11:01:25.423" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T11:01:25.423" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4175" CreationDate="2013-09-10T10:47:39.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a tu pregunta, es común en ciertas situaciones y para el nombre de ciertas personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy normal, por ejemplo, para miembros de la realeza de los distintos países europeos con nombre cristiano. Así, hablamos de la reina Isabel de Inglaterra, o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxIQk1TpR2I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Carolina de Mónaco&lt;/a&gt; (disculpas por el enlace gamberro). He visto alguna revista del corazón referirse a Kate Middleton por su nombre antes de casada, y ahora como Catalina de Cambridge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que antiguamente era más habitual. Algunos nombres como Jorge Washington han quedado obsoletos, pero otros de figuras históricas como Tomás Moro o Erasmo de Rotterdam prevalecen hasta hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como alguien comenta, esto es habitual en otros idiomas también. Por ejemplo, salvo quizás en Italia, nadie conoce a Cristóbal Colón como Cristoforo Colombo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T10:47:39.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2013-09-10T11:08:47.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also we can use &quot;¡Cuidado!&quot;. At least in Spain. I use it frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T11:08:47.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4177" CreationDate="2013-09-10T16:28:35.253" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A summarized table from the RAE website shows what to use in each case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE: pronombres personales átonos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B9HUJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B9HUJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; is incorrect when it is a reference to people in third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see some examples on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WikiLengua&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Jorge le vieron en el aeropuerto. [Uso leísta permitido]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Jorge LO vieron en el aeropuerto. [Uso CORRECTO]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A María le vieron por la calle. [Uso leísta NO permitido]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A María LA vieron por la calle. [Uso CORRECTO]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Jorge y a María &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; vieron en la playa. [Uso leísta NO permitido]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Jorge y a María LOS vieron en la playa. [Uso CORRECTO]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like I discussed on a previous answer &amp;quot;Leismo&amp;quot; is an accepted exception (I tend not to use it but sometimes I use it), and if you come to Spain a lot of people use it (widely in the center), but 'lo' as well and most of people from South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leismo de cortesia is another accepted exception (another reference from WikiLengua):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También está aceptado el llamado «leísmo de cortesía», esto es, la utilización de le/les en sustitución de lo/la y los/las cuando se refiere a usted/ustedes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quiere que le lleve hasta el restaurante? [«Leísmo de cortesía»]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quiere que LO/LA lleve hasta el restaurante? [Uso CORRECTO]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here we come again with an exception...that is why most of the books, resources for non native speakers do not mention the use of 'le', Michael Thomas has decided to put it because if you go to Spain in many areas it is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is mentioned on many books because it is a real fact to be known.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were a foreigner I would use only &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I end up with a paragraph from &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_pronouns#The_use_of_le.2Fles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Direct-object le/les:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, the unstressed third-person object pronouns in Spanish are lo, la, los, las. This is the current position of the Real Academia Española. This is a reasonable generalisation given that it is true in over ninety percent of cases in over ninety of the Spanish-speaking world. However, it is helpful to take note of the various exceptions to this general rule whereby le/les rather than lo, la, los, las are used. Note however that this use is rather modern and often found only in part of Spain whereas the use of lo, la, los, las is considered more traditional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update, look at the first comment:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest I tought the third person in plural would be accepted only in case of &amp;quot;leismo de cortesia&amp;quot; but I run into this website &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/consultas.php?Tag=le%EDsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.elcastellano.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One question says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P: Uso correcto de la palabra saludándoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer from linguists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;R: Es adecuado en las zonas leístas cuando se usa como leísmo de cortesía: Me despido de ustedes, saludándoles cordialmente. De lo contrario, debe evitarse el leísmo de tercera persona plural: Pasó la tarde saludando a los presentes &amp;gt; Pasó la tarde saludándolos y no *Pasó la tarde saludándoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is better to use 'lo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-30T08:57:24.460" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4175" CreationDate="2013-09-11T11:48:58.317" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El nombre con el que designamos las cosas es parte del lenguaje y en las épocas anteriores a la globalización de los medios cada población se ponía de acuerdo en cómo nombrar territorios, países, eventos y personas foráneas que fueren de su interés.  Así es como funcionan los lenguajes y de ahí que reyes, embajadores y pensadores, santos y otros personajes históricos tuvieren distintos nombres en distintos idiomas.  La ortografía y la pronunciación también cambia dentro de un idioma y eso afecta también a los nombres propios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es así como &lt;em&gt;Πλάτων (Plátōn)&lt;/em&gt; es hoy conocido en español como &lt;strong&gt;Platón&lt;/strong&gt; y en inglés como &lt;strong&gt;Plato&lt;/strong&gt; (pronunciado &lt;em&gt;/pleitou/&lt;/em&gt;).  En los idiomas en los que los nombres propios declinan por caso (como el latín), los nombres extranjeros declinan también: (&lt;em&gt;Σωκράτης&lt;/em&gt; [Sócrates]: &lt;em&gt;Socrates&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Socratem&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Socratis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La moda de darle más relevancia al nombre en la lengua original es un producto de las comunicaciones modernas y la importancia dada a la identidad propia en un mundo globalizado.  Desde luego, somos parte de ese mundo globalizado y por ello nos suena absurdo hablar de Jorge Washington.  Hoy en día la traducción de nombres para personajes contemporáneos parece exclusiva para la realeza europea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la regla de oro: se traducen los nombres de la realeza europea (&lt;em&gt;Isabel de Inglaterra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Catalina de Cambridge&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Felipe de Bélgica&lt;/em&gt;) [nótese que Felipe es &lt;em&gt;Philippe&lt;/em&gt; en francés y &lt;em&gt;Filip&lt;/em&gt; en flamenco], los personajes históricos que han tenido relevancia en el mundo hispano (&lt;em&gt;Tomás Moro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Héctor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jesús&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Confucio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Vladimir Lenin&lt;/em&gt;), los países (&lt;em&gt;Costa de Marfil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Timor Oriental&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Sudán del Sur&lt;/em&gt;), ciudades y otros topónimos con nombres establecidos en la literatura hispana (&lt;em&gt;Ciudad del Cabo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Aquisgrán&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jerusalén&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Londres&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que la gran mayoría de términos contemporáneos usan la ortografía original o una romanización más o menos aceptada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-09-11T11:48:58.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4175" CreationDate="2013-09-11T12:37:59.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es realmente aceptable esta costumbre?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el pasado era más aceptable traducir los nombres de pila, ya que existía la idea de que no se trataba de nombres distintos sino de variantes del mismo nombre. Es lo más natural que a un Martín que recorra Europa, en Alemania lo llamen &lt;em&gt;Martin&lt;/em&gt; y en Italia &lt;em&gt;Martino&lt;/em&gt;. De la misma manera, se consideraba normal, cuando se escribía en castellano, llamar Tomás Edison a &lt;em&gt;Thomas Edison&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora que la globalización nos acostumbró a los nombres de pila extranjeros, ya no se considera que Martín y &lt;em&gt;Martin&lt;/em&gt;, o Tomás y &lt;em&gt;Thomas&lt;/em&gt; sean el mismo nombre. Sin embargo, los asentados quedan traducidos: León Tolstoy, Nicolás Maquiavelo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es común actualmente? ¿Dónde?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iba a decir que es común en la ficción, especialmente en los doblajes mexicanos (aunque mucho más en el pasado), y más especialmente en las obras para niños. Sin embargo, en mi opinión, ahí no se trata de traducir los nombres sino de traducir o adaptar las ideas o imágenes que conllevan. No es “TitoEsponja PantalonesCuadrados” sino “Bob Esponja”, no es “Lucas Caminacielo” sino “Trotacielos” (creo que tuve el mismo libro ilustrado ;) ), etc. Ese tipo de “traducción” me parece perfectamente aceptable. De otra manera, “Skywalker” o “Squarepants” se pierden; da lo mismo que se llamen Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-09-11T12:37:59.390" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4177" CreationDate="2013-09-11T13:06:33.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is used in both singular and plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I lack explicit references, though. I'll cite the DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX#4g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leísmo&lt;/em&gt; section 4g&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otro caso de leísmo generalizado en todo el mundo hispánico es el llamado «leísmo de cortesía». Se trata del uso de &lt;em&gt;le(s)&lt;/em&gt; en función de complemento directo cuando el referente es un interlocutor al que se trata de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... (note it includes the plural), and then I can only direct you to search specific phrases in Google that show the &lt;em&gt;leísmo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt; being used in the plural form (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22les+espero%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;les espero&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T14:49:01.127" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T14:49:01.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4189" CreationDate="2013-09-13T03:29:36.713" Score="5" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Espero que ésta pregunta sea suficientemente interesante para sobrevivir aquí aunque su sitio adecuado sería el inexistente StackExchange de uso del Catalán...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quien acepta trabajar en una empresa donde los obreros mantienen una huelga es llamado un &lt;code&gt;esquirol&lt;/code&gt;. Su uso es peyorativo; la palabra viene del Catalan, idioma en que quiere decir &lt;code&gt;ardilla&lt;/code&gt; y seguramente entro en uso al inicio del Siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, no veo nada particularmente despreciable en una ardilla que justifique este uso. Pero el otro dia tuve una idea. ¿Será posible que se adoptara la palabra &lt;code&gt;esquirol&lt;/code&gt; simplemente porque rima con &lt;code&gt;overol&lt;/code&gt;? Es una teoría bonita, pero agradeceré tanto si es confirmada como si es refutada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-11-27T02:28:14.720" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T06:34:43.863" Title="Origen de 'esquirol'" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;catalán&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4187" CreationDate="2013-09-13T07:21:44.580" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta la tienes en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esquirol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esquirol es una palabra catalana que significa 'ardilla'. Es también el sobrenombre de la localidad barcelonesa de Santa María de Corcó, es decir L´Esquirol, de donde procedería, según la versión de diversas fuentes respaldadas por el artículo correspondiente a la voz de la edición digital del Diccionario de la Real Academia Española, un numeroso contingente de obreros que, a finales del siglo XIX, ocupó el puesto de trabajo de los de Manlleu durante una huelga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta es también la versión del industrial manlleuense Rafael Puget, quien en sus memorias, reproducidas por Josep Pla en Un senyor de Barcelona (1945), remite el hecho a una de las primeras huelgas de Cataluña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras versiones sostienen, sin embargo, que el uso apodístico de esquirol es más antiguo, hunde sus raíces en el proceso de formación del más embrionario asociacionismo obrerista catalán y precede, incluso, a la figuración de la huelga como instrumento de lucha del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta versión está respaldada por documentos periodísticos que probarían que, ya en 1841, en la localidad barcelonesa de Igualada y en el contexto de los conflictos suscitados por la implantación de la Sociedad de Protección Mutua de Tejedores de Barcelona,3 se aplicaba el apodo esquirol a los tejedores no asociados, frente a los asociados apodados moros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se considera también esquirol a quien trabaja para poner en funcionamiento los servicios mínimos prescritos por la ley en algunos países. Esta persona actúa de acuerdo con lo acordado por la autoridad laboral gubernativa y los patronos, ya que casi nunca patronos y sindicatos convocantes de las huelgas acuerdan servicios mínimos con los que estén de acuerdo las dos partes. En los últimos años se le está llamado esquirol a aquellos que se esconden en el momento de reclamar algo y luego se benefician de los resultado positivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconocía su origen y eso que soy catalán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T07:52:22.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4193" CreationDate="2013-09-14T15:42:35.153" Score="4" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando la palabra o expresión que utilizaría un militar dirigiéndose a un grupo de soldados en formación, para indicarles que quedan &quot;libres&quot;, por ejemplo para irse a sus dormitorios. Creo que en inglés es &quot;dismissed&quot;, pero sé que palabra se usa en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1751" LastActivityDate="2013-09-14T16:31:55.800" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;dismissed&quot;, en el contexto de una formación de soldados?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4191" CreationDate="2013-09-14T16:00:46.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he estado en el ejército, pero en las series y películas se suele doblar como &quot;pueden retirarse&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.monografias.com/trabajos36/manual-orden-cerrado/manual-orden-cerrado2.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta lista&lt;/a&gt; con órdenes militares figura como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;retirar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2013-09-14T16:00:46.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4191" CreationDate="2013-09-14T16:31:55.800" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para un grupo de soldados en formación, creo que &quot;rompan filas&quot; es una buena opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2013-09-14T16:31:55.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2013-09-15T03:37:49.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;tuanis&quot; viene de las palabras inglesas &quot;too nice&quot;: &quot;demasiado bonito&quot;&#xA;y es usada para decir que algo es muy bueno, muy agradable o de muy buena calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy usada en Centro América, principalmente en Costa Rica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1879" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T12:21:21.120" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T12:21:21.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4197" CreationDate="2013-09-15T19:54:36.350" Score="4" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading an article that included the term: decdecirse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y que no termine de comprometer ni de obligar a desdecirse a ninguno de los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble understanding how the term is used. The dictionary says 'to be out of keeping with or unworthy of' -- but what is the common usage? Or is it commonly used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastEditorUserId="1466" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T03:22:28.880" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T04:52:13.613" Title="Use of 'desdecirse'" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4195" CreationDate="2013-09-16T01:57:09.990" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure where you got that definition from.&#xA;But if you check on the rae: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/desdecirse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desdecir&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;You can see the definitions in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the first definition is &quot;desmentir&quot;, which it is similar to deny. Basically someone denies something that was said or done, proving that it is not true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common meaning of &quot;desdecir&quot; is to retract. That is how most people use it. It has a negative connotation though. It means someone said something and afterwards backed on his words, but basically because they knew they were not telling the truth. Maybe you made a promise, or said something to get some benefit. But then when someone puts you on the spot, for example they want you do do what you promised, you retract yourself. You say &quot;I never said that&quot; or something like that. Or &quot;You misunderstood me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked on internet and it seems that you got your sentence from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/09/14/cultura/1379187380.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically the guy is saying things are developing into a critical point that will force both parties to &quot;desdecir&quot; themselves, basically tell the truth, to deny what they have said, to their people in this case. To retract themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can seen in his previous words&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;podamos retomar esa sana forma de no entendernos y de ir cada uno por su lado que tan ensayada tenemos y que consiste en decirles tú a los tuyos lo que quieren escuchar, yo a los míos otro tanto,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He is saying that each of them tells to their people what their people want to hear. Which it is not necessarily the truth. He is asking the other guy to give him something, or the situation will compromise them both and force them to deny, go back on their words: tell the truth about when they lied, tell what promises they made in vane and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps, tell me if you need any more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T01:57:09.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4195" CreationDate="2013-09-16T04:52:13.613" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;des-decir&lt;/code&gt; is basically to un-say something, and the particle -se is reflexive. So in short,&#xA;desdecirse is to take back what you have said, or to retract your own words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the dictionary definitions you give, the first is unintelligible and the second wrong: &lt;code&gt;desdecirse&lt;/code&gt; may imply not keeping your word, but it can also be used when you simply amend what you said for the sake of accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T04:52:13.613" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4199" CreationDate="2013-09-16T19:53:58.717" Score="3" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito una segunda opinión sobre la frase &lt;em&gt;en al frente&lt;/em&gt; en la siguiente oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La lección estadística empieza con los estudiantes escribiendo sus nombres en notas adhesivas y fijándolas en el tablero en al frente del salón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece ser un poco torpe. Usualmente se usa &lt;em&gt;en el frente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a second opinion on the phrase &lt;em&gt;en al frente&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La lección estadística empieza con los estudiantes escribiendo sus nombres en notas adhesivas y fijándolas en el tablero en al frente del salón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That phrase seems a little clumsy. Usually &lt;em&gt;en el frente&lt;/em&gt; is used instead.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1666" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T08:47:29.407" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T19:22:58.210" Title="Uso de &quot;en al frente&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4198" CreationDate="2013-09-16T20:30:45.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed it seems like a bad translation to me because &lt;code&gt;en al frente&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid expression, as you say &lt;code&gt;en el frente&lt;/code&gt; is valid, and I'd rather use &lt;code&gt;al frente&lt;/code&gt; or even &lt;code&gt;que esta al frente&lt;/code&gt;, so I like these options better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero al frente del salón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero en el frente del salón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero que está al frente del salón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero en la parte delantera del salón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also just FYI, as you mentioned it's important to note that considering the context of your phrase, the intended meaning for &lt;code&gt;salón&lt;/code&gt; here is &lt;code&gt;aula&lt;/code&gt; which &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=qsiFMH4znDXX2ZdcG3mc%7CJGwnBnDy0DXX2XkXtvdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to rae&lt;/a&gt; seems to be specifically a latin american use for the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T19:22:58.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4201" CreationDate="2013-09-16T22:47:37.960" Score="5" ViewCount="6393" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase &lt;em&gt;Puesto que&lt;/em&gt; en la siguiente oración? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puesto que los estudiantes han estado construyendo gráficas desde el preescolar, ellos rápidamente responden “¡hacer una gráfica!”&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the phrase &lt;em&gt;Puesto que&lt;/em&gt; mean in the following sentence? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puesto que los estudiantes han estado construyendo gráficas desde el preescolar, ellos rápidamente responden “¡hacer una gráfica!”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1666" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T08:47:38.627" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T08:47:38.627" Title="What does &quot;Puesto que...&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4200" CreationDate="2013-09-16T23:50:17.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;since&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Puesto&lt;/em&gt; is the past from &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;, which in this context may be taken as a synonim to &lt;em&gt;given&lt;/em&gt;. So &lt;em&gt;puesto que&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;given that&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T23:50:17.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4198" CreationDate="2013-09-17T11:55:39.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No solo la expresión &lt;em&gt;en al frente&lt;/em&gt; es incorrecta (las preposiciones &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; nunca van seguidas), sino que, sinceramente, no sé qué puede querer decir. Nunca he oído hablar de &lt;em&gt;el frente&lt;/em&gt; de un salón. Podría ser &lt;em&gt;el frontal&lt;/em&gt; de un salón, pero normalmente &lt;em&gt;el frontal&lt;/em&gt; se encuentra en el exterior (por ejemplo, en la fachada), no en el interior. Además, el lugar habitual para dar una lección no es un &lt;em&gt;salón&lt;/em&gt;, sino un &lt;em&gt;aula&lt;/em&gt;. Aun sin conocer el significado que se quiere dar a la frase, ofrezco algunas alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero que hay en el frontal del aula&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero que hay al fondo del aula&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fijándolas en el tablero que hay a la entrada del aula&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T11:55:39.227" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4203" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4204" CreationDate="2013-09-17T19:23:20.793" Score="7" ViewCount="9649" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa &lt;em&gt;la mayoría de las personas está&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;la mayoría de las personas están&lt;/em&gt; ?&#xA;Algunas veces se usan ambas versiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿cómo traduce la siguiente oración a inglés?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algunas veces es útil saber &quot;qué tan largos son la mayoría de nombres.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:25:42.717" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:28:50.893" Title="¿Se usa &quot;está&quot; o &quot;están&quot; con &quot;la mayoría de las personas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4203" CreationDate="2013-09-17T20:09:15.173" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque es preferida la concordancia con el verbo en plural, esta se puede establecer tanto en plural, como en singular dependiendo de qué se tome como parte central del sujeto. Si es el cuantificador singular, entonces se hace la concordancia en singular; si, por el contrario, se toma como parte central del sujeto el sustantivo en plural, entonces se hace la concordancia en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomemos como ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mayoría de los asistentes se retiró al caer la noche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mayoría de los asitentes se retiraron al caer la noche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso se ha tomado como parte central del sujeto &lt;em&gt;mayoría&lt;/em&gt; y, por tanto, se realiza la concordancia con el verbo en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo caso se ha tomado como parte central del sujeto &lt;em&gt;los asitentes&lt;/em&gt; y, por tanto, se realiza la concordancia con el verbo en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al respecto, en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;entrada sobre concordancia&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el Diccionario Panispánico de Dudas menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.8. Sujeto de cuantificador + de + sustantivo en plural. Los sustantivos cuantificadores son aquellos que, siendo singulares,&#xA;  designan una pluralidad de seres de cualquier clase; la clase se&#xA;  especifica mediante un complemento con de cuyo núcleo es, normalmente,&#xA;  un sustantivo en plural: la mitad de los animales, la mayoría de los&#xA;  profesores, una minoría de los presentes, el resto de los libros, el&#xA;  diez por ciento de los votantes, un grupo de alumnos, un montón de&#xA;  cosas, infinidad de amigos, multitud de problemas, etc. La mayor parte&#xA;  de estos cuantificadores admiten la concordancia con el verbo tanto en&#xA;  singular como en plural, dependiendo de si se juzga como núcleo del&#xA;  sujeto el cuantificador singular o el sustantivo en plural que&#xA;  especifica su referencia, siendo mayoritaria, en general, la&#xA;  concordancia en plural: «Hacia 1940 la mayoría de estos poetas había&#xA;  escrito lo mejor de su obra» (Paz Sombras [Méx. 1983]); «La mayoría de&#xA;  los visitantes habían salido» (Marías Corazón [Esp. 1992]); «Una&#xA;  veintena de personas ocupaba la sala» (Chavarría Rojo [Ur. 2002]);&#xA;  «Una veintena de curiosos observaban de lejos a un piquete» (PzReverte&#xA;  Maestro [Esp. 1988]); sin embargo, cuando el verbo lleva un atributo o&#xA;  un complemento predicativo, solo es normal la concordancia en plural:&#xA;  «La mayoría de estos asesinos son muy inteligentes» (Mendoza Satanás&#xA;  [Col. 2002]); «La inmensa mayoría de las casas permanecían vacías»&#xA;  (Savater Caronte [Esp. 1981]). Los sustantivos cuantificadores que se&#xA;  usan sin determinante (infinidad, cantidad, multitud) establecen la&#xA;  concordancia obligatoriamente en plural, pues, en realidad, forman con&#xA;  la preposición de una locución que determina al sustantivo plural, que&#xA;  es el verdadero núcleo del sujeto: «Infinidad de católicos&#xA;  desatendieron semejante orden pontificia» (Vidal Ocultismo [Esp.&#xA;  1995]); «Cantidad de organizaciones se dedican a [...] ayudar a&#xA;  personas que han sido víctimas de abuso sexual» (NHerald [EE. UU.]&#xA;  21.10.97).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Así pues solo en un caso es obligatoria la concordancia en plural: cuando el verbo lleva un atributo o un complemento predicativo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El el caso concreto de tu pregunta al final&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...algunas veces es útil saber qué tan largos son la mayoría de nombres.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la longitud en cuestión hace referencia directa a &lt;em&gt;los nombres&lt;/em&gt; (no al cuantificador &lt;em&gt;mayoría&lt;/em&gt;), así que debe hacerse la concordancia en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:28:50.893" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:28:50.893" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4209" CreationDate="2013-09-17T22:14:05.563" Score="4" ViewCount="3276" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase &lt;em&gt;hace que&lt;/em&gt; en la siguiente oración? Pienso que el &#xA;escritor de esta oración quería decir que la profesora manda a sus estudiantes &#xA;trabajar en grupos. Pero, me parece esta frase ser inusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La profesora hace que los estudiantes trabajen en grupos de cuatro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the phrase &lt;em&gt;hace que&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentence? I believe the writer&#xA;of this sentence meant that the teacher to ask her students to work in groups. &#xA;But I am a little suspicious of the phrase &lt;em&gt;hace que&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La profesora hace que los estudiantes trabajen en grupos de cuatro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T15:09:45.197" Title="What does &quot;hace que&quot; mean in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4205" CreationDate="2013-09-17T22:16:34.670" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means what you think it means (making the students to something), in English the phrase could be something along the lines of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The teacher makes the students work in groups of four.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it is valid Spanish, it actually sounds quite natural to me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T22:16:34.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4006" CreationDate="2013-09-18T03:17:05.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It helps to compare with the other (strong) word that has a myriad uses in Mexican Spanish: &lt;code&gt;chingar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The origin of that word is unclear, although it may come from Nahuatl (the Aztec language). What is important is that its basic meaning (from which all other uses stem) is &lt;code&gt;to rape&lt;/code&gt;. Thus, the standard insult in Mexico is &lt;code&gt;hijo de la chingada&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;son of the raped one&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;son of a whore&lt;/code&gt;, which is the more standard one in Spain and in other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico the shame comes from your mother being defiled rather than being a sex worker. A popular theory expounded by Octavio Paz in &quot;El Laberinto de la Soledad&quot; is that this is the historical result of most native women being forcibly taken by the conquistadores. In other words, the entire Mestizo race has this uncomfortable, shameful fact about its origins to deal with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this theory is overreaching. It cannot be falsified and is a bit simplistic. BUT it gives you an important insight into your question! &lt;code&gt;La Chingada&lt;/code&gt; is a prototypical entity in Mexican folklore; she is the abstract &quot;raped mother&quot;, which explains why the word &lt;code&gt;madre&lt;/code&gt; has so many negative connotations (have you realized that &lt;code&gt;padre&lt;/code&gt; in contrast is always a positive term?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What may be more difficult to explain is why some uses of &lt;code&gt;madre&lt;/code&gt; are positive, although I suspect this is simply because it is used sooo much that eventually it found use with those meanings out of sheer wordplay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T03:17:05.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-18T15:01:37.620" Score="6" ViewCount="6284" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún termino en contextos de negocios en español para referirse al término inglés &lt;strong&gt;&quot;elevator pitch&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T08:06:45.403" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T07:02:43.163" Title="¿Cómo se dice 'elevator pitch' en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4205" CreationDate="2013-09-18T15:09:45.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general construct  would be &lt;code&gt;&quot;hacer &amp;lt;algo&amp;gt;&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (transitive), which can mean &quot;do something&quot; (an action), &quot;accomplish something&quot; (a goal or result), &quot;make something happen&quot;. Compare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La profesora hace &lt;em&gt;su trabajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La profesora hace &lt;em&gt;que los alumnos trabajen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La profesora hace &lt;em&gt;trabajar a sus alumnos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all cases, the words in italics work as a replacement for &quot;algo&quot;, a direct object.&lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; is needed here to make a verbal phrase  (los alumnos trabajan) work as an object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;que&lt;/a&gt; :  Introduce una oración subordinada sustantiva con función&#xA;  de sujeto o complemento directo. Quiero que estudies. Recuerda que&#xA;  eres mortal. Es imposible que lo olvide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2/3 are similar, and the difference (both in meaning and grammar) is subtle. Analogous examples: &quot;Quiero que comas / Quiero comer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T15:09:45.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4208" CreationDate="2013-09-18T16:08:36.790" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues no conocía el término y parece que se las trae en español. He encontrado tres conversaciones en el foro de wordreference y la página de la wikipedia en español (que ni lo traduce):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=268841&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=268841&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2425265&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2425265&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2683748&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2683748&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me haría suponer que realmente no existe una traducción, a día de hoy, suficientemente uniforme, si no fuese porque en google hay casi 60 000 referencias a &quot;discurso del ascensor&quot;, es más, hasta algunas universidades lo usan (Universidad de Cádiz: &quot;Discurso del ascensor&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uca.es/emprendedores/portal.do?TR=C&amp;amp;IDR=78&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.uca.es/emprendedores/portal.do?TR=C&amp;amp;IDR=78&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1891" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2013-09-19T12:33:27.063" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T12:33:27.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-18T17:06:27.180" Score="3" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase &lt;em&gt;encajan igual&lt;/em&gt; en la siguiente oración? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada niño toma un número de cubos que encajan igual al número de letras en su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece ser un poco torpe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the phrase &lt;em&gt;encajan igual&lt;/em&gt; mean in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada niño toma un número de cubos que encajan igual al número de letras en su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like an awkward phrase to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T20:42:34.047" Title="What does &quot;encajan igual&quot; mean in the following context?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4211" CreationDate="2013-09-18T17:50:59.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Loosely translated, &quot;encajar&quot; means &quot;to match,&quot; and the phrase means that every child takes a number of cubes that &lt;strong&gt;matches&lt;/strong&gt; (equally) the number of letters in their name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T17:50:59.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4208" CreationDate="2013-09-18T17:59:43.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Elevator pitch&quot; is strictly an Americanism. It is not used in most forms of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To parse it, I &quot;translate&quot; it into the English (slang) word &quot;quickie,&quot; or the more polite &quot;quick speech.&quot; The Spanish translation of this is &lt;strong&gt;discurso breve&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2013-09-18T20:33:25.050" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T20:33:25.050" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4211" CreationDate="2013-09-18T18:15:55.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, esa frase &quot;huele&quot; a mala traducción. La idea es que el número de cubos que toma cada niño debe ser igual  al número de letras de su nombre. Quien tradujo la frase original (que seguramente estaba en inglés y utilizaba &lt;em&gt;match&lt;/em&gt;) hizo una pobre elección en la traducción de &lt;em&gt;match&lt;/em&gt; y optó por &lt;em&gt;encajar&lt;/em&gt;, oscureciendo el sentido original de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta el sentido que debe tener &lt;em&gt;match&lt;/em&gt; en la frase propuesta, una posible traducción más apropiada sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada niño toma tantos cubos como letras tenga su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o, en una versión más literal,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada niño toma una cantidad de cubos igual al número de letras de su nombre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="157" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T18:15:55.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-18T19:00:51.450" Score="5" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente oración, ¿debe tener &quot;¿?&quot; para la última parte? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y le pregunta a los niños, en su experiencia previa, que saben de ellos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si la siguiente versión es mejor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y le pregunta a los niños, en su experiencia previa, ¿qué saben de ellos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following sentence, should there be &quot;¿?&quot; around the last part?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y le pregunta a los niños, en su experiencia previa, que saben de ellos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the following version better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y le pregunta a los niños, en su experiencia previa, ¿qué saben de ellos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1750" LastEditDate="2013-09-18T19:15:05.270" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T12:51:18.607" Title="Use of ¿? in the Following Sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4215" CreationDate="2013-09-18T19:12:09.790" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propondría las siguientes variantes: como oración subordinada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y les pregunta a los niños, en su experiencia previa, &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; saben ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como cita textual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para empezar la lección, la profesora levanta una gran bolsa de corazones de caramelo y les pregunta a los niños: «En su experiencia previa, ¿qué saben ustedes de ellos?»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(O en España: &lt;em&gt;En vuestra experiencia previa, ¿qué sabeis vosotros de ellos?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la cláusula subordinada no van los símbolos de interrogación, pero se usa el pronombre interrogativo &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; (con acento explícito) en lugar del conector &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2015-04-22T12:51:18.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T12:51:18.607" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4203" CreationDate="2013-09-18T19:40:46.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso &quot;la mayoría de las personas está&quot;. La concordancia es con &quot;la mayoría&quot; y no con &quot;las personas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use está. The agreement is with &quot;la mayoría&quot; and not with &quot;las personas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T17:38:37.007" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T17:38:37.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-19T03:13:53.913" Score="3" ViewCount="19268" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer un currículum vítae de un venezolano que indica el siguente título académico: &quot;Magister Scientiarum en Ciencias&quot;.  ¿Qué es exactamente? ¿Cuál sería su equivalente en inglés?  Presumo que sería equivalente a un &quot;Master's Degree&quot;, pero no estoy seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T12:14:00.927" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T12:22:07.403" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;Magister Scientiarum en Ciencias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;&lt;lenguaje-académico&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2013-09-19T09:38:44.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be honest I had never heard &lt;em&gt;Magister Scientiarum&lt;/em&gt; in Spain, but I guess it is the equivalent to &lt;code&gt;Master of Science&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;MSc&lt;/code&gt; in English, at least is what it is called in UK...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Science&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSc article on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; for further info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T09:38:44.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2013-09-19T09:46:30.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doctorate in Sciences equivalent to Ph.D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1894" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T09:46:30.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2013-09-19T09:47:24.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Magister Scientiarum se abrevia como M. Sci. in &quot;X&quot; en tu caso M. Sci. in Science.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Science&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; para la abreviación y un ejemplo del mismo postgrado en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/postgraduate/qualification/f12.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open University de UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo tengo dudas con el uso de M. Sci. o M. Sc., parece que depende de los estudios, eso se explica &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paperin.org/education/msci/MSci_degree_explanation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, ya depende del &lt;em&gt;background&lt;/em&gt; académico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-09-19T12:04:21.873" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T12:04:21.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4227" CreationDate="2013-09-20T00:48:14.517" Score="2" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si es buena composición usar una expresión como &lt;em&gt;algunas veces&lt;/em&gt; en una frase pluscuamperfecto entre &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; y el verbo.  Por ejemplo, ¿es la frase &lt;em&gt;habían alguna vez leído&lt;/em&gt; corecta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if it's correct to place expressions like &lt;em&gt;algunas veces&lt;/em&gt; in between pluperfect tenses like &lt;em&gt;habían leído&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-09-20T18:04:41.353" Title="Placement of &quot;algunas veces&quot; in between pluperfect verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4226" CreationDate="2013-09-20T08:47:29.763" Score="5" ViewCount="15755" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que lo más correcto es decir &quot;a mi lado&quot;, pero en la región de donde vengo, es habitual decir &quot;al lado mío&quot;. Ahora vivo en el extranjero y mucha gente se extraña de la expresión y me dicen que está mal. Si bien nadie me ha podido dar una explicación de por qué puede estar mal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que en este foro hay bastante gente muy versada, quizá alguien me pueda ayudar a aclarar esta duda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P. D.: A veces también decimos &quot;al lado mía&quot;, eso sí reconozco que es raro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-11T14:24:29.787" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T19:44:54.863" Title="&quot;A mi lado&quot; o &quot;Al lado mío&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4225" CreationDate="2013-09-20T09:22:47.053" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/preguntas-frecuentes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las FAQ de la RAE lo mencionan&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase la parte de  &lt;em&gt;Detrás de mí, encima de mí, al lado mío&lt;/em&gt; del enlace anterior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copio un fragmento que será útil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para discernir si es o no correcta una expresión con posesivo, debemos fijarnos en la categoría de la palabra núcleo: si es un sustantivo, será correcta (puede decirse &lt;em&gt;al lado mío&lt;/em&gt;, pues &lt;em&gt;lado&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo); pero no será correcta si se trata de un adverbio (no puede decirse &lt;em&gt;cerca mío&lt;/em&gt;, pues &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; es un adverbio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para no equivocarse, resulta útil saber que si se puede usar el posesivo átono antepuesto, la construcción con el posesivo tónico pospuesto será también válida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy al lado de María &amp;gt; Estoy a su lado &amp;gt; Estoy al lado suyo (CORRECTO)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Giraban alrededor de ti &amp;gt; Giraban a tu alrededor &amp;gt; Giraban alrededor tuyo (CORRECTO)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy detrás de María &amp;gt; *Estoy en su detrás &amp;gt; *Estoy detrás suyo/suya (INCORRECTO).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vive cerca de ti &amp;gt; *Vive en tu cerca &amp;gt; *Vive cerca tuyo/tuya (INCORRECTO).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, es importante señalar que el posesivo pospuesto debe concordar en género con el sustantivo al que modifica; así pues, debe decirse &lt;em&gt;al lado suyo&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;*al lado suya&lt;/em&gt;), puesto que el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;lado&lt;/em&gt; es masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el primer enlace no funciona probad &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?q=Detr%C3%A1s%20de%20m%C3%AD,%20encima%20de%20m%C3%AD,%20al%20lado%20m%C3%ADo%20FAQ%20RAE&amp;amp;btnI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T19:44:54.863" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4224" CreationDate="2013-09-20T14:18:23.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Algunas veces&quot; es una locución adverbial, funciona como un &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt; (sinónimo: &quot;ocasionalmente&quot;). En general, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2345223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;regla&lt;/a&gt; es : el adverbio que modifica un &lt;strong&gt;tiempo verbal compuesto&lt;/strong&gt; (en este caso, pasado pluscuamperfecto) &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; debe colocarse entre el &quot;haber&quot; y el participio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta regla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incorrecto: Ellos &lt;strong&gt;habían algunas veces leído&lt;/strong&gt; las instrucciones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Correcto:   Ellos &lt;strong&gt;habían leído algunas veces&lt;/strong&gt; las instrucciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es verdad que, en la práctica, algunas violaciones de esta regla son frecuentes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Has acaso meditado las consecuencias de tu acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin tu ayuda, habría seguramente perdido la partida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando llegué, él había apenas empezado la tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas formas son tolerables, pero incorrectas - en todos los casos es preferible colocar el adverbio después (o antes)  del verbo compuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marxists.org/espanol/mariateg/1927/ene/10.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;texto&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Mari%C3%A1tegui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mariategui&lt;/a&gt; incluye no uno sino dos adverbios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdí una pierna y me quedé muy delicado. Habría &lt;strong&gt;seguramente ya&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  curado del todo con una existencia reposada.  Pero ni mi pobreza ni mi&#xA;  inquietud espiritual me lo consienten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferible: &quot;Habría curado ya del todo, seguramente, con una existencia reposada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un párrafo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laeditorialvirtual.com.ar/pages/Ortega_y_Gasset/Ortega_LaRebelionDeLasMasas01.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ortega y Gasset&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si Luzbel hubiera sido ruso, como Tolstoi, habría &lt;strong&gt;acaso&lt;/strong&gt; preferido este último estilo de rebeldía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferible: &quot;... habría preferido acaso... &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-09-20T18:04:41.353" LastActivityDate="2013-09-20T18:04:41.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4229" CreationDate="2013-09-20T15:34:12.600" Score="1" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I literally have to use this phrase daily however I am never certain of my translation. All of the other sources on the internet are inconclusive and I would like to clear this doubt up once and for all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English we often say 'X thing sets you apart from the crowd' or 'you set yourself apart with X', with the significance of something that distinguishes you from other and therefore makes you a better candidate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that I'm not sure how to translate this, should I say &lt;em&gt;te distingue&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;te distingues&lt;/em&gt;, usually I say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tu experiencia laboral te va a ayudar mucho en este caso porque te distingue de lo(s) demás / la muchedumbre&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con todo lo que hayas hecho en tu vida profesional te distingues mucho de los otros y esto te hará un mejor candidato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I'm also aware of &quot;destacarse&quot; and perhaps this would be a better translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te has destacado bastante desde que te graduaste y por esto tu aplicación será mas fuerte&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoping that someone can show me the best translation for this concept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastActivityDate="2013-09-20T16:22:07.740" Title="To set apart / it sets you apart / to set yourself apart" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4228" CreationDate="2013-09-20T16:22:07.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are quite correct IMO, the differences, if any, are very subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To complemente &quot;distinguir(se)&quot; I'd use &quot;los demás&quot;, &quot;los otros&quot; or &quot;el resto&quot; when there is a restricted set of competitors, or &quot;la mayoría&quot; o &quot;el común (de la gente)&quot; when speaking more globally. (I don't like &quot;la muchedumbre&quot; for this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;destacar&quot;, it's similar - though this word to me emphasizes more the quality of excellence and a little less the difference with respect with others, and hence leds more to be used alone. Again, this is subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other alternatives: &quot;sobresalir&quot; , &quot;descollar&quot;, &quot;tener/adquirir/dar ventaja&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-09-20T16:22:07.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4231" CreationDate="2013-09-21T08:07:59.173" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to find a poetic translation for this phrase to use in some writing and can't get it right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll be your Manolete, if you'll be my Lupe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1897" LastEditorUserId="1666" LastEditDate="2013-09-25T08:31:22.820" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T08:31:22.820" Title="Poetic translation for &quot;I'll be your Manolete, if you'll be my Lupe&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4230" CreationDate="2013-09-21T17:35:45.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can never go wrong with Miguel Hernandez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A dónde iré que no vaya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mi perdición a buscar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu destino es de la playa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y mi vocación del mar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word-by-word of your phrase is clunky: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo seré tu Manolete si tu eres mi Lupe&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; Instead, try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo haré de Manolete a tu Lupe.&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;  which is shorter and thus more effective. The figurative meaning is something like &quot;I will counter the character of Manolete to your playing the Lupe part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-21T17:35:45.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4234" CreationDate="2013-09-22T00:09:00.150" Score="3" ViewCount="559" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un texto tiene la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchos cuestionarios preguntan por una respuesta de “Si” o “No”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta oración siginifica que muchos cuestionarios tiene preguntas que se puede responder con un &quot;Sí&quot; o un &quot;No.&quot; Necesito una segunda opinión sobre el uso de &quot;preguntan.&quot; Me parecer la palabra &quot;pedir&quot; es mejor en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a second opinion on the use of &quot;preguntan&quot; in the above sentence. The sentence is saying that most questionnaires are asking for a &quot;Yes&quot; or &quot;No&quot; response. I think &quot;pedir&quot; seems more appropriate.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T19:30:19.193" Title="Uso de &quot;preguntan&quot; en esta oración" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4232" CreationDate="2013-09-22T00:36:27.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;muchos cuestionarios se contestan con opción de &quot;sí&quot; o &quot;no&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T00:36:27.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4232" CreationDate="2013-09-22T04:09:41.830" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your comment to Spreadsheet's answer shows that there is more to your question than you have told us. Initially I was thinking that your sentence just sounded &lt;em&gt;slightly&lt;/em&gt; incorrect; the kind of thing a native speaker may mistakenly use if not paying attention. Now that I know you issue is with translation, the sentence looks different. In fact, it looks very much like what one would get with a blind word-by-word translation &lt;strong&gt;from English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many questionnaires ask for a &amp;quot;Yes&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;No&amp;quot; answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos cuestionarios preguntan por una respuesta de “Si” o “No”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seen in this light I think now of your Spanish sentence as an instance of something I really dislike. The problem is that the verb &amp;quot;to ask&amp;quot; is being used differently in English and Spanish. The English sentence above uses the construction &lt;code&gt;to ask for&lt;/code&gt; which has no word-by-word equivalent in Spanish. &lt;em&gt;People: when you translate from English to Spanish pay attention to this detail so you are on the lookout for a correct substitute expression.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having located the real issue, I would go for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos cuestionarios piden una respuesta de “Si” o “No”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which replaces &lt;code&gt;ask for&lt;/code&gt; with the closest verb in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T04:09:41.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4232" CreationDate="2013-09-22T14:41:31.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preguntar por&lt;/em&gt; is not correct in that context. As you said, &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt; is more appropiate, as its sense is that of requiring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sense of &lt;em&gt;preguntar por&lt;/em&gt; is more that of manifesting interest in something/someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with Rodrigo: it looks like a word-by-word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T14:41:31.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4232" CreationDate="2013-09-22T19:30:19.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien pedir es una buena opción, yo pondría &quot;se contestan&quot;, de tal forma que la frase quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchos cuestionarios se contestan con un &quot;sí&quot; o con un &quot;no&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, note the &quot;i with acute&quot;. In spanish, you use &quot;si&quot; (without acute) like &quot;if&quot;. The &quot;yes&quot; in English is translated as &quot;sí&quot; (with acute) to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1900" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T19:30:19.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4237" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-23T14:31:03.413" Score="9" ViewCount="1128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lately, I've started noticing how some Spanish nouns are merely past-participles of verbs (with the addition of a &lt;em&gt;-ado/-ada&lt;/em&gt; suffix), and that those verbs are sometimes derived from other nouns by adding an agency prefix, like how &lt;em&gt;em-&lt;/em&gt; is added to &lt;em&gt;barca&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;boat&quot;) to make &lt;em&gt;embarcar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;get on a boat&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've noticed something odd with what happens to the genders when this happens in a few words, specifically: &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;emparedado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Empanada&lt;/em&gt; seems to come from &lt;em&gt;empanar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to wrap in bread&quot;), which must come from &lt;em&gt;pan&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;bread&quot;). And,  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Emparedado&lt;/em&gt; seems to come from &lt;em&gt;emparedar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to wall in&quot;), which must come from &lt;em&gt;pared&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;wall&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I find curious is that the gender changes during this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pan&lt;/em&gt; (male) gives rise to &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; (female); while...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pared&lt;/em&gt; (female) gives rise to &lt;em&gt;emparedado&lt;/em&gt; (male).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the gender doesn't always switch. For example: &lt;em&gt;papel&lt;/em&gt; (male) gives rise to &lt;em&gt;empapelado&lt;/em&gt; (male).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I was just wondering, are there any guidelines to whether the derived word becomes male or female? Does it depend, &lt;strong&gt;at all&lt;/strong&gt;, upon the word it is derived from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1901" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T14:24:31.447" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T14:24:31.447" Title="&quot;Empanada&quot;, &quot;Emparedado&quot;, and their genders" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4237" CreationDate="2013-09-23T15:13:04.067" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your derivations (&lt;code&gt;pan -&amp;gt; empanar -&amp;gt; empanada&lt;/code&gt; ; &lt;code&gt;pared -&amp;gt; emparedar -&amp;gt; emparedado&lt;/code&gt; ) are right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is nothing odd with the gender, though. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sequence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. pared (substantive; feminine ) &#xA;2. emparedar (verb ; no gender) &#xA;3. emparedado/a  (participle, works as an adjective; which can in turn be substantivized)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the original gender  (&lt;em&gt;la pared&lt;/em&gt;) is already lost when the verb (&lt;em&gt;emparedar&lt;/em&gt;) is formed. And then, when we use the verb (as participle) to make an adjetive, &lt;strong&gt;its gender has nothing to do with the gender of the remote substantive&lt;/strong&gt;, but must instead follow the usual concordance rule: it takes the gender from the substantive it modifies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we'd say &quot;sandwich emparedado&quot;, &quot;bocadillo emparedado&quot;, &quot;cadáver emparedado&quot;, but also &quot;tortilla emparedada&quot;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://leyendasdesevilla.blogspot.com.ar/2011/01/leyenda-de-la-mujer-emparedada.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mujer emparedada&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, when that adjetive works as a substantive (because the real substantive is tacitly assumed), the gender applies still to that same (tacit) substantive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el emparedado = el sandwich emparedado ( or &quot;el bocadillo emparedado&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;la empanada = la carne empanada&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above: &quot;sandwich/bodadillo&quot; is masculine, and so we say emparedado&quot;. &quot;carne&quot; is feminine, and so we say &quot;empanada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   justicia -&amp;gt; ajusticiar -&amp;gt; (hombre) ajusticiado / (mujer) ajusticiada&#xA;   malta -&amp;gt; maltear -&amp;gt; (leche) malteada / (café) malteado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-09-24T13:28:16.053" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T13:28:16.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4237" CreationDate="2013-09-23T15:14:42.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no guidelines because, in each case, the nouns refer to different things. Usually, a whole on one side and a constituent on the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;em&gt;emparedado&lt;/em&gt; is called so because it consists of some food put between two &lt;em&gt;paredes&lt;/em&gt; (two slices of bread, in fact); there is no reason why these two &lt;em&gt;paredes&lt;/em&gt; should have the same gender as the whole &lt;em&gt;emparedado&lt;/em&gt;. Same happens with the &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;pan&lt;/em&gt;, which is one of its constituents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The case with &lt;em&gt;empapelado&lt;/em&gt; is somewhat different because it refers directly to the &lt;em&gt;papel&lt;/em&gt; which is used for a special purpose. Nevertheless, the gender could have varied, same as we have words with different gender that refer to the same thing, even similar words (e.g. &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt; is masculine, &lt;em&gt;oquedad&lt;/em&gt; is feminine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only case where you can find an easy rule for the gender of derived nouns is when the suffix used gives you the gender. In this case it is not so and I'm afraid you just have to learn each case separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T14:06:42.497" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T14:06:42.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4241" CreationDate="2013-09-25T01:13:46.077" Score="2" ViewCount="2523" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesa saber como se llama al tiempo verbal en las frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien &lt;strong&gt;llega&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien &lt;strong&gt;corra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T17:19:21.557" Title="Cuando alguien tenga, llegue, corra, etc... ¿que tiempo verbal es?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4240" CreationDate="2013-09-25T01:41:34.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la primer frase para que sea el mismo tiempo, se diría &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien llegue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se nota la diferencia en que las frases 2 y 3 dejan la posibilidad de que no ocurra la acción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien tenga paciencia, puede sentarse a escribir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio la primera frase significa que se sabe que alguien alguna vez llegó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien llega, el sensor lo detecta y abre la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si cambiamos la primera frase, nos estaríamos refiriendo al caso de tiempo verbal Presente del Modo Subjuntivo, para todas las frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un sitio práctico para investigar los tiempos verbales:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esfacil.eu/es/verbos/conjugacion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Referencia del lenguaje Español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T01:41:34.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4259" CreationDate="2013-09-25T03:37:06.057" Score="12" ViewCount="3201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una gran colección de novelas juveniles ilustradas en formato de comic (Dickens, Dumas, Salgari, Twain, Verne, etc.) Tienen unos 40 años y el texto está escrito en Barcelona (creia que eran traducciones, pero ya no estoy seguro pues en la esquina de una viñeta el dibujante escribió &quot;Casa Mitjana&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo que es muy entretenido es leer los peculiares insultos que se dirigen los personajes en escenas de acción. He aquí una muestra (&lt;strong&gt;actualizada&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;atorrante&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;bellaco&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;berzotas&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;botarate&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;canalla&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;desdichado&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;gandul&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;granuja&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;infeliz&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;majadero&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;malandrín&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;mentecato&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;mequetrefe&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;merluzo&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;pelmazo&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;petimetre&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;rufián&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;sabandija&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;tontaina&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;truhán&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;villano&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;zoquete&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de estas palabras son comunes, pero la mayoria no las he visto en otros lados, a excepción quizá de Mortadelo y Filemón. Mi impresión es que los vocablos coloridos intentan sustituir a palabras más fuertes que no habrían sido permitidas en aquellos tiempos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tengo razón? ¿O eran realmente expresiones comunes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Se usan en otros países?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué otros insultos similares faltan en mi lista?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T17:51:29.347" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:51:29.347" Title="Insultos blandos pero coloridos" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;&lt;lenguage-despectivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4242" CreationDate="2013-09-25T08:30:25.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo, influido por ese vocabulario, pensaba que cuanto más atrás en el tiempo más se pecaba de inocente (hasta niveles cercanos a &lt;a href=&quot;http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/MedievalMorons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;en la edad media eran todos tontos&quot;&gt;este lugar común&lt;/a&gt;). Se me curó el prejuicio cuando leí &lt;em&gt;La Celestina&lt;/em&gt; y vi la profusión de &lt;em&gt;hideputas&lt;/em&gt; que gastaba Fernando de Rojas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta a tu primera pregunta probablemente sea que tienes razón, no sé si por censura del mero insulto o porque siendo literatura juvenil había que moderarse un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tu lista yo le añadiría &lt;em&gt;necio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;granuja&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;carcamal&lt;/em&gt;. Seguro que se me ocurre alguna otra más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T09:42:55.590" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T09:42:55.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4242" CreationDate="2013-09-25T12:58:19.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cada palabra hay que usarla en su contexto apropiado y, aunque normalmente se oigan por la calle expresiones más procaces, creo que todas las palabras que mencionas son parte del lenguaje corriente y se pueden usar perfectamente en casos en los que no procedan las expresiones escatológicas ni hacer mención a la familia o antepasados del aludido. Además son entendidas sin problema en la mayoría de los paises de habla hispana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más, aunque desde luego no me gustaría que nadie se refiriera a mi con una de esas palabras, algunas de ellas tienen más de calificativos que de insulto: &lt;em&gt;infeliz&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;desdichado&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la última pregunta, mis favoritas son &lt;em&gt;Majadero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Pelmazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T12:58:19.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2013-09-25T16:19:58.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Asi pues es incorrecto, decir &quot;me voy a comer&quot; sin decir que comes,pues no hay objeto  directo determinado, lo correcto es: &quot;VOY A COMER&quot; Se entiende la intecion pues nadie se come a si mismo, pero no por eso deja de ser incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1904" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T16:19:58.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2013-09-25T19:37:48.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are very few examples, but they exist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cooperativa /kopera'tiba/ (one &quot;o&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;zoología /solo'xia/ but zoólogo /so'ologo/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cortésmente /kortes'mente/ (stress is wrongly indicated in the spelling)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my dialect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;transporte /tran'porte/ = [tram'porte] (silent &quot;s&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fósforo /'foforo/ (silent &quot;s&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hámster /'xamster/ or /'xamter/, not /'amster/ (&quot;h&quot; sounds &quot;j&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1905" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T19:37:48.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-25T22:29:39.940" Score="2" ViewCount="2337" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;es posible bien sea&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en la siguiente oración?  Fue traduccida de inglés y opino que es una mala traducción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De estos datos, es posible bien sea probar la hipótesis que estar de pie no incrementa la frecuencia del pulso, en promedio, o estimar la&#xA;  diferencia en pulso medio entre aquellos de pie o aquellos sentados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;&lt;em&gt;es posible bien sea&lt;/em&gt;&quot; mean in the above sentence? This was translated from English and I think it is a bad translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T18:56:46.297" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:56:46.297" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;es posible bien sea&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4247" CreationDate="2013-09-26T06:03:02.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately the sentence is grammatically correct (except that it should say &lt;code&gt;aquellos de pie **y** aquellos sentados&lt;/code&gt;). I say this because it is extremely tangled; the English source must be just as ugly!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As belisarius commented, &lt;code&gt;bien sea&lt;/code&gt; is used here in the sense of &lt;code&gt;either&lt;/code&gt; It would be more natural to use &lt;code&gt;o bien&lt;/code&gt;. Let's untangle the mess. Depending on the data, one of two scenarios is valid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is possible to show that, in average, standing does not increase pulse rate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is possible to estimate the difference in pulse rate between standing and seating subjects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Notice that the Spanish sentence is well constructed in that it uses &quot;es posible&quot; &lt;em&gt;outside&lt;/em&gt; the disjunction.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of the problem with the sentence is that it is an empty statement. Obviously the pulse rates data will be the same for standing and seating subjects, or not. In one case we show it is invariant, in the other case we measure the discrepancy... D'oh!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an alternative way to say the same in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si los datos no muestran un mayor pulso promedio en individuos de pie, entonces permitirán estimar la diferencia entre el pulso promedio de sujetos sentados y de pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T06:03:02.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4247" CreationDate="2013-09-26T07:19:23.100" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase tiene algunos errores, entre ellos el uso de &lt;em&gt;bien sea&lt;/em&gt;; pero no porque no pueda utilizarse, sino porque debe repetirse. En español hay algunas conjunciones disyuntivas que se usan repetidas, delante de cada una de las opciones. Una de ellas es &lt;em&gt;bien... bien&lt;/em&gt;. Lo que no puede hacerse es utilizarse delante de una opción y luego utilizar otra distinta delante de la otra opción, como se hace aquí (&lt;em&gt;bien... o&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, lo correcto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De estos datos es posible, bien sea probar la hipótesis de que estar de&#xA;  pie no incrementa la frecuencia del pulso, en promedio, bien estimar la&#xA;  diferencia en pulso medio entre aquellos de pie y aquellos sentados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T07:19:23.100" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2013-09-26T16:48:02.437" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has a mostly phonetic reading (as opposed to writing*).  Most exceptions are in three categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reductions, assimilations and similar phonemic changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;archaic language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;foreign and indigenous words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first category we include hiatus reduced to diphthongs &lt;em&gt;toalla&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/tualla/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pelear&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/peliar/&lt;/code&gt;, elimination of geminated vowels: &lt;em&gt;cooperar&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/coperar/&lt;/code&gt;, addition or reduction of weak consonants: &lt;em&gt;huevo&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/güevo/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;güey&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/uey/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;partido&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/partío/&lt;/code&gt;, lambdization (and reverse lambdization) &lt;em&gt;el muerto&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/er muelto/&lt;/code&gt;.  Aspiration of syllable final &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tres tristes tigres&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/treh trihteh tigreh/&lt;/code&gt; or complete elimination: →&lt;code&gt;/tre trite tigre/&lt;/code&gt;. Most of these features depend on accent and dialect, however some are common in all (most) variants of Spanish, such as assimilation of syllable final &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; to the next consonant: &lt;em&gt;un burro&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/um burro/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/embiar/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main example of the second category is the aspirated &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;halar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;holgorio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;harto&lt;/em&gt;.  This aspirated &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; sounds like English &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; and, for some people there is a difference between this &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; (glotal approximant, as English &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt;) and &lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt; (velar approximant, as &lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt; in English &lt;em&gt;loch&lt;/em&gt;), however this distinction is lost for most speakers.  In Colombia and Central America both &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt; are glotal (as in English), in Spain, Argentina and Mexico both are velar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third category include the Mexican &lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; (from Nahuatl): &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/méjico/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Xalapa&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/jalapa/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Oaxaca&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/uajaca/&lt;/code&gt;, and all words from English, French, German, and many other origins which do not conform: &lt;em&gt;pijama&lt;/em&gt;(col)→&lt;code&gt;/piyama/&lt;/code&gt; (in Spain &lt;em&gt;pijamas&lt;/em&gt; is pronunced &lt;code&gt;/pijamas/&lt;/code&gt;), &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/maus/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mousse&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/mus/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pie&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/pay/&lt;/code&gt;.  Many common personal names in Latin America (I guess in Spain is less common) do have &lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt; that is pronounced as &lt;code&gt;/y/&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Jeaneth&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/yanet/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jennifer&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/yénifer/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jessica&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/yésica/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jackson&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/yacson/&lt;/code&gt;; even original names that do not exist in other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Special note on &lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;  While the canonical pronunciation of &lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; is as &lt;code&gt;/cs/&lt;/code&gt;, it is usually reduced in syllable final positions: &lt;em&gt;Mompox&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/mompós/&lt;/code&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/mompó/&lt;/code&gt;, and in the latin prefix &lt;em&gt;ex-&lt;/em&gt; (meaning out/outside) usually sounds more similar to &lt;code&gt;/gs/&lt;/code&gt;, particularly when followed by a vowel voiced consonant: &lt;em&gt;exagerar&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/egsajerar/&lt;/code&gt; [eɣzaxeɾar] (this does not apply when &lt;em&gt;ex-&lt;/em&gt; means ‘former’).  In some speeches (usually deemed as vulgar), the &lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; can also be reduced to &lt;code&gt;/ts/&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;em&gt;taxi&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/tatsi/&lt;/code&gt;.  And, of course, there are all those Mexican words in which &lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; sounds as &lt;code&gt;/j/&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;em&gt;xalapeños&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/jalapeños/&lt;/code&gt;. (But &lt;em&gt;Telmex&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/télmecs/&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Special note on &lt;strong&gt;w&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;  The letter &lt;strong&gt;w&lt;/strong&gt; is not a Spanish letter and no word of Spanish origin uses it, while canonically should be regarded as a &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; (and pronounced equal to &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;) the actual pronunciation should mimic the pronunciation in the original language: &lt;em&gt;Watt&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/bat/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sandwich&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/sánduich/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;wiskey&lt;/em&gt;→&lt;code&gt;/güisqui/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-09-27T02:36:25.390" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T02:36:25.390" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4240" CreationDate="2013-09-26T17:19:21.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tiempo verbal de las tres frases es el &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt;, pero varía el modo de las mismas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien llega&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es el presente del modo &lt;strong&gt;indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;.  Expresa una acción indicada o concreta, en este caso algo que sucede cada vez que alguna persona llega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien tenga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien corra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es el presente del modo &lt;strong&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;.  Expresa una acción probable o hipotética.  En este caso algo que sucedería cuando se cumpla una condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando oraciones completas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien llega, saluda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicación general de que cada vez que una persona llega, debe saludar (porque se ha hecho antes y se seguirá haciendo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien llegue, avise a los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hipótesis.  Nadie ha llegado o quienes han llegado no han avisado: se conmina a que la próxima persona en llegar (si la hay) avise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T17:19:21.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-26T22:10:51.597" Score="2" ViewCount="795" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se usa el prefijo &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; antes un verbo para denotar hacer el verbo otra vez más.(assign --&gt; reassign, randomize --&gt; rerandomize). ¿Puede añadir este prefijo antes los verbos? (asignar -&gt; reasignar, aleatorizar -&gt; realeatorizar)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; is usually added to verbs. Are the same done to Spanish verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T10:09:17.910" Title="Añadiendo &quot;re&quot; antes los verbos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4254" CreationDate="2013-09-26T22:41:34.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí y tiene básicamente el mismo significado. &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; es un prefijo productivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T22:41:34.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4257" CreationDate="2013-09-26T23:29:17.177" Score="2" ViewCount="1972" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase fue traducida de inglés y pienso que la frase &lt;em&gt;haciendo más fácil&lt;/em&gt; es un caso de anglicismo. ¿Es usada correctamente aquí? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las diferencias en el diseño emparejado tienen menos variabilidad que&#xA;  las medidas individuales en el diseño completamente aleatorizado,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;haciendo más fácil&lt;/strong&gt; detectar una diferencia en el pulso medio para los&#xA;  dos tratamientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta oración es de un texto sobre la estadística. Por eso, las palabras como &quot;tratamientos&quot;, &quot;diseño emparejado&quot; y &quot;diseño aleatorizado&quot; son usadas. El término &quot;diseño aleatorizado&quot; es diferente que &quot;diseño aleatorio&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the phrase &lt;em&gt;haciendo más fácil&lt;/em&gt; used correctly above? I believe it is badly translated from the English version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T08:42:29.737" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T08:42:29.737" Title="¿Es correcto el uso de &quot;haciendo que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4256" CreationDate="2013-09-27T08:08:05.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es totalmente correcto, de hecho es de las pocas partes de tu frase que suenan normal :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de las expresiones &lt;code&gt;hacer más fácil&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;hacer más difícil&lt;/code&gt; es perfectamente válido y, de hecho, es muy común. Es cierto que podrías usar los verbos &lt;code&gt;facilitar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;dificultar&lt;/code&gt;, pero no creo que una opción sea más correcta que la otra... Incluso podrías usar &lt;code&gt;haciendo que sea/resulte más fácil&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincido con el comentario de @CarlosEugenio en que lo que realmente suena raro en esa frase es lo de &lt;code&gt;diseño emparejado&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;diseño aleatorizado&lt;/code&gt;. De hecho, el vocablo &lt;code&gt;aleatorizado&lt;/code&gt; no está recogido en el diccionario, por lo que probablemente deberías usar &lt;code&gt;aleatorio&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco me suena bien el uso de &lt;code&gt;tratamientos&lt;/code&gt;, donde probablemente quedaría mejor usar algo como &lt;code&gt;modelos&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;metodologías&lt;/code&gt;, aunque sería necesario más contexto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, sinceramente tampoco entiendo qué quieres decir con &lt;code&gt;pulso medio&lt;/code&gt;, aunque, de nuevo, necesitaría más contexto... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T20:07:57.500" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T20:07:57.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4254" CreationDate="2013-09-27T10:09:17.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El prefijo &lt;strong&gt;re-&lt;/strong&gt; tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/re&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;varios significados&quot;&gt;varios significados&lt;/a&gt; en español; entre ellos, el de repetición, como en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T10:09:17.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4242" CreationDate="2013-09-27T15:29:59.260" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto que muchos textos literarios, obras teatrales, películas y hasta carteles publicitarios tenían que ser modificados debido a la censura existente en aquella época. Podemos encontrar en la red numerosa bibliografía al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A1n_Gubern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Román Gubern&lt;/a&gt;, en su libro &lt;em&gt;La censura: Función política y ordenamiento jurídico bajo el franquismo&lt;/em&gt; (cuyo texto completo se puede encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.es/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=3&amp;amp;ved=0CEUQFjAC&amp;amp;url=http://www.omegalfa.es/downloadfile.php?file=libros/la.censura.durante.el.franquismo.pdf&amp;amp;ei=kg1EUrnCEMO47AbE9YG4BQ&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNFb9Rvfn0G0T6Cds3fUR2mcgw3HXA&amp;amp;sig2=3M50gH4DRyXu-MXyF6xJGA&amp;amp;bvm=bv.53217764,d.ZG4&amp;amp;cad=rja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;), nos cuenta muchísimas anécdotas relativas a la censura. En relación a los insultos y &lt;em&gt;palabrotas&lt;/em&gt;, nos dice por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;En Soldado azul, de Ralph Nelson, la palabrota repetida a lo largo de&#xA;  toda la película por la actriz Candice Bergen es &lt;strong&gt;fuck!&lt;/strong&gt; (en inglés:&#xA;  ¡joder!), traducida en España como &lt;strong&gt;¡puñeta!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cesfelipesegundo.com/revista/Articulos2012/HelenaLuque.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este otro trabajo de investigación&lt;/a&gt; sobre la censura en la obra &lt;em&gt;Salomé&lt;/em&gt; de Oscar Wilde, se nos cuenta cómo los traductores utilizaban a menudo métodos para burlar a los censores. Por ejemplo, se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;El traductor opta por traducir «&lt;strong&gt;harlot&lt;/strong&gt;» por «&lt;strong&gt;hetaira&lt;/strong&gt;», es decir, elige&#xA;  una palabra más suave que la del original, pero que se refiere de&#xA;  cualquier manera a una prostituta. Así, era probable que este insulto&#xA;  pasara desapercibido a la censura, como así fue: por ser «hetaira» una&#xA;  manera de referirse a las prostitutas utilizada en la antigua Grecia,&#xA;  y por tanto, un poco rebuscada.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a tu lista de &lt;em&gt;insultos&lt;/em&gt;, se me ocurre que se podrían añadir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cateto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cateto&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/carcamal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;carcamal&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/meapilas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;meapilas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/papanatas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;papanatas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/z%C3%A1ngano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;zángano&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/zascandil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;zascandil&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/zopenco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;zopenco&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo siento porque probablemente no sea relevante, pero no puedo terminar este &lt;em&gt;post&lt;/em&gt; sin añadir que si hay un idioma en el que existen infinidad de este tipo de &lt;em&gt;insultos&lt;/em&gt; es mi lengua natal, el &lt;strong&gt;gallego&lt;/strong&gt;, donde podemos encontrar por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;argalleiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;baldreu&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;bandallo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;barallocas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;camándula&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;chafalleiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;choromicas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;esmorgante&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;falangueiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;fachendoso&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;farruco&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;farrapento&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lacazán&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lercha&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lambecús&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;langrán&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mexiricas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;milhomes&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;moinante&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pailán&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;paifoco&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;papamoscas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;papaxouvas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pillabán&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pimpín&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;porcallán&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;rosmón&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;trangalleiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;trapalleiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;terco&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;trouleiro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;túzaro&lt;/code&gt; y así hasta los 334 que se pueden encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ciberirmandade.org/sitio2009/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=1487:insulta-en-galego-334-formas-de-galeguizar-os-teus-insultos&amp;amp;catid=92:novas-dos-usuarios-e-usuarias&amp;amp;Itemid=130&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T20:10:18.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4123" CreationDate="2013-09-27T16:06:33.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adivino que proviene de los juegos de naipes en los que los jugadores se sientan en círculo, y el que empieza a jugar es quien está al costado de quien reparte las cartas... lo que se expresa diciendo que está &quot;a la mano&quot; (izquierda o derecha) del jugador que reparte. Así, &quot;estar a la mano (izquierda o derecha)&quot; pasó a expresarse &quot;ser mano&quot;, lo cual a su vez pasó a significar &quot;ser el primero en jugar&quot;, o más en general, &quot;mano = primero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T16:06:33.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-27T23:29:34.997" Score="3" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, a veces se dicen incrementos específicos como &lt;em&gt;hundreds&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;thousands&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Se puede hacer lo mismo en español? ¿Es la siguiente oración correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Noté que las cifras de la población están en miles, pero las tasas están en 100.000 .&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English we say &lt;em&gt;increments in hundreds&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;increments in thousands&lt;/em&gt;. How does Spanish handle it? Is the above sentence correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T19:57:04.620" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T19:57:04.620" Title="Incrementos numéricos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4265" CreationDate="2013-09-28T00:51:34.487" Score="5" ViewCount="1940" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;He&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Hay&lt;/em&gt;?  I always hear the phrase &lt;em&gt;Hay mucha información&lt;/em&gt; but I just saw the phrase &lt;em&gt;He aquí algunos gráficos....&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;? Por ejemplo, siempre oigo la frase &lt;em&gt;Hay mucha información&lt;/em&gt; y acabo de ver la frase &lt;em&gt;He aquí algunos gráficos...&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T04:29:12.677" Title="La diferencia entre &quot;He&quot; y &quot;Hay&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4262" CreationDate="2013-09-28T04:00:05.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually you use &quot;He&quot; for making emphasis on something (the thing you're referring to) or for highlighting a conclusion. It's not very common to use it on a daily basis, because it's generally used in contexts such as talks or speeches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hay&quot; on the other hand it's more used in informal conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hay mucha información&lt;/em&gt;&quot; refers to having lots of information in a more general context, but &quot;&lt;em&gt;He aquí algunos gráficos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means that you're exposing some topic and pointing to the graphs as a way of enforcing your argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usualmente se usa &quot;He&quot; para hacer énfasis en algo (la cosa a la que te refieres) o para resaltar una conclusión. No es muy común usarlo a diario porque generalmente se utiliza en contextos tales como charlas o discursos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hay&quot;, por otro lado, es más usado en conversaciones informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hay mucha información&lt;/em&gt;&quot; se refiere a tenere mucha información en un contexto más general, pero &quot;&lt;em&gt;He aquí algunos gráficos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; significa que estás exponiendo algún tema e indicando los gráficos como una forma de reforzar tu argumento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1913" LastEditorUserId="1913" LastEditDate="2013-09-28T04:07:08.663" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T04:07:08.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4261" CreationDate="2013-09-28T04:14:36.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la primera pregunta, sí, se puede, se llaman &quot;unidades&quot; y se utilizan precisamente como el ejemplo que das: &lt;em&gt;decenas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cientos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;miles&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;decenas de miles&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cientos de miles&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;millones&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;decenas de millones&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo anterior, la oración también está correcta y podrías escribir: &lt;em&gt;Noté que las cifras de la población están en miles pero las tasas están en cientos de miles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your first question, yes, you can, it's called &quot;units&quot; and they're used precisely like in your example: &lt;em&gt;tens&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hundreds&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;thousands&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tens of thousands&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hundreds of thousands&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;millions&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tens of millions&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, the sentence is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1913" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T04:14:36.733" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4262" CreationDate="2013-09-28T10:53:37.303" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera respuesta a tu pregunta sería que las dos son formas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/ESverbs.aspx?v=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presente de indicativo del verbo haber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;He&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; corresponde a la &lt;strong&gt;1ª persona del singular&lt;/strong&gt;, y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hay&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; corresponde a la forma &lt;strong&gt;impersonal de la 3ª persona de singular&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu pregunta estaría quizás mejor formulada si preguntases por la diferencia entre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;he aquí&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hay&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. La &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/he&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;R.A.E.&lt;/a&gt; viene a decir básicamente esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Se usa para señalar o mostrar a alguien o algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Estar realmente en alguna parte. Hallarse o existir real o figuradamente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que la diferencia en tus frases está en que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando dices &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hay mucha información&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; quieres decir que existe cierta información, pero esa información puede estar en unas bases de datos en internet, en unos libros de la biblioteca municipal o en los gráficos que tienes delante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En cambio, cuando dices &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;he aquí unos gráficos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; también quieres decir que existen ciertos gráficos, pero implica que vas a mostrar unos gráficos en este momento y que los tienes delante, ya sea en el siguiente párrafo de un artículo que estás escribiendo o en la pantalla del ordenador si estás realizando una presentación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T16:27:03.140" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4262" CreationDate="2013-09-28T12:09:49.560" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt; is used in the sense of &lt;code&gt;here is&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;hay&lt;/code&gt; is used in the sense of &lt;code&gt;there is&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T12:09:49.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-30T11:40:41.987" Score="0" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduciría la frase &quot;guardar como oro en paño&quot; a inglés? No quiero una traducción literal sino una expresión que captura las sensaciones de la frase original. Los hilos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1069593&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; dan algunas sugerencias pero no me parecen satisfactorias. Para un poco más de contexto, doy el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guardaba la carta como oro en paño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-21T23:28:51.343" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T23:28:51.343" Title="Traducir &quot;oro en paño&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-21T23:28:09.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3072" CreationDate="2013-09-30T14:32:31.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Po&quot; is a word that we use in different situations. I think comes from the transformation or mutation from the words &quot;pues&quot;. I have been in Brazil, Perú, Colombia, Uruguay , Paraguay, Dominican Republic and Bolivia; never heard &quot;po&quot; none of these countries (in the context or replacing &quot;pues&quot;). Different and multiple uses here in Chile can be found; in those you can hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Next to afirmattions and negations &quot;yes&quot; &quot;no&quot;: &quot;si po&quot; (like &quot;yup&quot;) , &quot;no po&quot; (like nope), &quot;ya po&quot; (like ok).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Next to many words like: &quot;bueno po&quot; (good for it), &quot;buena po&quot; (good for it), &quot;vamos po&quot; (mostly used like: &quot;lets go buddy(buddies&quot;), &quot;acá po&quot; (here we go).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Next to perhaps random words on phrases: &quot;mi polola me dijo que no, y yo le dije que ná que ver po&quot; (&quot;mi girlfriend says to me no, and so i replied i dont agree with you&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I cannot think now in a phrase that is not &quot;allowed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have thought a lot about meaning and origin about this word, best similar word for me in America (South and Central Amercas) is &quot;pues&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero se entienda po.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;i hope you understood&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="1920" LastEditDate="2018-11-15T18:21:46.027" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T18:21:46.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4262" CreationDate="2013-09-30T14:50:18.577" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haber&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is a very special and tricky word: it's main usage -first meaning- is as an auxiliar word to form compound verbs tenses, like &quot;have&quot; in English; but we are not concerned with that usage in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No difficulties with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; : it's the present indicative tense of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but in the impersonal form (see entry 8 ), meaning just &quot;&lt;strong&gt;there is&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;there are&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;he&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: normally this word is the present form of &quot;haber&quot; in the first meaning: &quot;yo he dormido bien = I have slept well&quot;. But &lt;strong&gt;&quot;he aquí&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a very special &lt;em&gt;ad hoc&lt;/em&gt; construct which has its &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=Vdqi7BIHdDXX2DkNVIMt%7CmOOAsiZWEDXX2LnvVQBK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;own entry&lt;/a&gt; in the dictionary, and which cannot be descomposed or converted to other tenses or persons. It's an slightly stilized and emphatic way of manifesting the immediante existence or ocurrence of something to someone, like, say: &quot;see here, there is...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T04:29:12.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3072" CreationDate="2013-09-30T18:29:49.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico you will often hear &quot;pos&quot;, as in &lt;code&gt;¡pos andale!&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pos si&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pos como no&lt;/code&gt;, which roughly stand for &lt;code&gt;c'mon!&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;of course&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;d'oh!, of course&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2013-09-30T18:29:49.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4276" CreationDate="2013-09-30T20:33:57.783" Score="6" ViewCount="1815" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;tienen que tener&quot; un caso de pleonasmo y anglicismo (have to have)? Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Éstas son las habilidades que los graduados &quot;tienen que tener&quot; para prosperar en el mundo moderno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esta frase apropiada para un texto gubernamental? ¿Cuál es una mejor alternativa?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;tienen que tener&quot; a case of pleonasm and bad English translation? Is this phrase appropriate for a government document? What is a better alternative? See above example.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1629" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T13:14:37.550" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T09:05:47.867" Title="&quot;tienen que tener&quot; como pleonasmo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4275" CreationDate="2013-09-30T21:26:56.980" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No lo considero un pleonasmo ni un anglicismo. Más bien creo que la situación es muy parecida en ambos idiomas: los dos sentidos de &quot;have&quot; (poseer) y &quot;have to&quot; (estar obligado a) son análogos a &quot;tener&quot; y &quot;tener que&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo preferiría decir, en lugar de &quot;tienen que tener&quot; , &quot;deben tener&quot; o &quot;tienen que poseer&quot; o &quot;están obligados a poseer&quot;, pero lo haría para evitar la repetición, la diferencia de significado es mínima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agregado: aportan en un comentario la alternativa &quot;han de tener&quot; que también es correcta (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;segunda acepción de haber&lt;/a&gt;) y usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&quot;Tener que&quot; es equivalente a &quot;deber&quot;? Aproximadamente, tal como &quot;have to&quot; es casi equivalente a &quot;must&quot;. &quot;Deber&quot; se usa más para expresar una obligación moral, y &quot;tener que&quot; una obligación física o coacción. Pero es un matiz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T15:00:12.207" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T15:00:12.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4270" CreationDate="2013-10-01T02:39:13.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;en ingles, puede usa la frase &quot;he saved the letter like it was made out of gold&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a relatively common saying in english as well. It means that the object is valued highly by the person.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1924" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T02:39:13.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2013-10-02T14:40:17.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tend to be skeptical about claims of &quot;language A has x times many more words than language B&quot;. Personally, I have been using Spanish and English literally every single day for the last 12 years and I still haven't encountered a situation in which I had to use English because Spanish didn't have a word for the concept I was trying to express (or vice versa). I can point to several friends and colleagues who would agree with this statement. This is not the kind of thing you'd expect if English really had so many more words than Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact is that looking at dictionary size is an &lt;strong&gt;extremely unrealiable&lt;/strong&gt; method of estimating vocabulary size for any given language. Dictionary size, if anything, is only correlated with the amount of money and effort that publishers and lexicographers were able/willing to pour into the project. Additionally, some publishers make different decisions about what to include in a dictionary. For example, Merriam-Webster (online version) includes a few thousand geographical and biographical entries, but DRAE (also online version) does not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative is to use a web crawler to compile a huge corpus of the language from online texts (see, for example, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://hpsg.fu-berlin.de/cow&quot;&gt;COW corpus project&lt;/a&gt;) and then have a lemmatizer go at it. This might give you a better estimate, but it is not perfect either. For one, your corpus size (and, given Zipf's law, the number of different words) is going to be limited by the internet presence of the language you are interested in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, I would very surprised if English and Spanish (or German, or French, or Chinese, or...) happened to have a significantly different number of words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1930" LastActivityDate="2013-10-02T14:40:17.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2868" CreationDate="2013-10-02T19:33:30.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy argentina y vivo en España. Les puedo contestar respondiendo a una lógica: Moto=Motito, Foto=Fotito, Mano=Manito. Por regla general se mantiene la -o del sustantivo original. No es correcto decir que los diminutivos no se utilizan, porque en todos los países se usan, por lo tanto pido que se tenga respeto al uso que se utiliza en cada lugar, pues las lenguas son vivas, y evolucionan. Por otro lado, siguiendo el hilo, &quot;Manita&quot; es una excepción a la regla, por el uso masivo al cual llegó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1932" LastActivityDate="2013-10-02T19:33:30.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2013-10-03T12:50:27.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guapa&lt;/strong&gt; (or guapo): Mostly used to say that somebody has a beautiful face. This is the most common word for such things.&#xA;It doesn't say anything about the rest of the body.&#xA;Some young people might also use it to refer to cool situations or things, but it's slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bonita&lt;/strong&gt; (or bonito, not commonly used for men): Used both for people and objects.  Beautiful. Sometimes it is better not to use this word with a woman because she might think you are treating her as an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hermosa&lt;/strong&gt; (hermoso): Beautiful face and body.  Many years ago it was used to say that somebody looked healthy, not thin, with good skin color. Still, nowadays, some people use it to mean a little bit fat. This difference in usage makes it a word that could be misunderstood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also very common to say  &quot;un día muy hermoso.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bella&lt;/strong&gt;: Beautiful face and/or body. Not very common in Spain, maybe more common in South America. It sounds old fashioned.&#xA;Bello is only used for objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linda&lt;/strong&gt;: Beautiful face and body.  It refers to a thin woman with graceful movements. More common in America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está buena&lt;/strong&gt;: Is the most common expression to say &quot;She has an attractive body.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preciosa&lt;/strong&gt;: Very beautiful. Both body and face (especially the face).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es un bombón&lt;/strong&gt;: Very good body, and beautiful face as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-03T00:49:40.077" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T00:49:40.077" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4284" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4289" CreationDate="2013-10-04T22:31:54.260" Score="4" ViewCount="1788" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that the words &quot;sí&quot; and &quot;sí mismo&quot; both refer to the subject of a verb (reflexively), but I don't know when to use one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que las palabras &quot;sí&quot; y &quot;sí mismo&quot; se refieren al sujeto del verbo, pero no sé cuál sería la distinción entre ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="611" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T01:36:52.747" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T01:44:49.817" Title="Usage of sí vs sí mismo" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4270" CreationDate="2013-10-05T08:39:09.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La referencia de &quot;guardar como oro en paño&quot; es sobre una lámina de oro para decorar esculturas  y demás obras de arte. Al ser tan delgadas como hojas de papel. Es muy fácil que se rompan, por lo que se transportaban envueltas en una especie de papel (actualmente se utiliza papel de seda) que al ser poco poroso, si se quedaba algun residuo de esas láminas podrían recuperarlo fácilmente. Y normalmente se agrupan en &quot;libritos&quot; para que tengan mayor peso y sean más resistentes para transportarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que la frase no se refiere al valor monetario de las cosas (en este caso de la carta) directamente. Si no, a lo frágil que puede ser, aunado al valor sentimental que puede tener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que animándome a hacer alguna &quot;traducción&quot; podría ser algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She kept the letter as if it were made of the most fragile glass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1502" LastActivityDate="2013-10-05T08:39:09.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4284" CreationDate="2013-10-05T18:02:52.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; is the third person (singular and plural) reflexive pronoun, when used after a preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo hice para mí (mismo). &lt;em&gt;I did it for myself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú lo hiciste para ti (mismo). &lt;em&gt;You did it for yourself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lo hizo para sí (mismo). &lt;em&gt;He did it for himself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella lo hizo para sí (misma). &lt;em&gt;Shi did it for herself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros lo hicimos para nosotros (mismos). &lt;em&gt;We did it for ourselves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros lo hicisteis para vosotros (mismos). &lt;em&gt;You did it for yourselves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos lo hicieron para sí (mismos). &lt;em&gt;They did it for themselves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;self&lt;/em&gt;) is used either for emphasis (usually to make an emphasis that the pronoun is reflexive) or to avoid confusion, particularly in the plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somos conscientes de nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;might either mean &lt;em&gt;“We are conscious of each other ”&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;“we are conscious of ourselves”&lt;/em&gt;, adding &lt;em&gt;mismos&lt;/em&gt; removes the ambiguity.  Most times, however, you can drop &lt;em&gt;mismo(s)&lt;/em&gt;, so &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; are usually interchangeable when no emphasis is intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T19:59:24.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1625" CreationDate="2013-10-05T19:16:05.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literal translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[He/she/it] is already going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;code&gt;ya&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;(already)&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;code&gt;va&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;(he/she/it goes)&lt;/em&gt;, however it would be more idiomatically in English as &lt;em&gt;“(he/she/it)'s already coming”&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar expression is &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ya voy&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;“I'm already coming”&lt;/em&gt; (or just &lt;em&gt;“coming!”&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two meaning shift has occurred.  The first is a meaning shift in the intention.  If you're asked to come to a place, your answer &lt;em&gt;“I'm already coming”&lt;/em&gt; has an implicit &lt;em&gt;“Wait for me!”&lt;/em&gt;.  This way, the phrases &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡ya voy!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and  &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡ya va!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; actually ended meaning just &lt;em&gt;“Wait!”&lt;/em&gt;, regardless if you already are moving towards the request or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the third person singular has become such a fixed phrase that it is used for any person or situation, including the first person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you request something to someone, &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡ya va!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; actually means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait! (wait an indefinite amount of time until I or someone else attend your request).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡ya va!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is understood this way in Venezuela, Spain, Colombia, Puerto Rico, etc.  The only people having problem seem to be the Mexicans, but this expression might be similar to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya merito!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T20:00:46.713" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T20:00:46.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4284" CreationDate="2013-10-05T20:24:06.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/s%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forma tónica del &lt;strong&gt;pronombre personal reflexivo&lt;/strong&gt; de tercera persona, que&#xA;en la oración desempeña la función de complemento con preposición.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ♦ Al unirse con la preposición &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;, forma la voz&#xA;&lt;em&gt;consigo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/pronouns/reflexiveprepositionalpronouns.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página web (en inglés)&lt;/a&gt; puedes encontrar información y ejemplos sobre los pronombres personales reflexivos en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa página se dice que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los pronombres personales reflexivos pueden ir seguidos del adjetivo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (o misma/mismos/mismas, dependiendo del género y el número del sujeto) con el fin de &lt;strong&gt;enfatizar el aspecto reflexivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, en principio &lt;strong&gt;podrías usar indistintamente &lt;code&gt;sí&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;sí mismo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. La única diferencia es que al añadir el adjetivo &lt;code&gt;mismo&lt;/code&gt; estás recalcando un poco más la reflexividad de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo -y esto ya es un poco una opinión personal- pienso que la mayoría de las frases suenan mejor con la forma &lt;code&gt;sí mismo&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hizo todo el trabajo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por sí misma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estaba hablando &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consigo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en su habitación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A partir de ahora tendrá que cuidar &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de sí mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Está hablando &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de sí misma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; constantemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, todas estas frases sonarían peor si omitiésemos el adjetivo &lt;code&gt;mismo&lt;/code&gt;. Por lo tanto, mi consejo personal es que uses siempre la forma &lt;code&gt;sí mismo&lt;/code&gt;, ya que es la que suena mejor en la gran mayoría de situaciones. Sin embargo esto no es para nada una regla establecida, sino una simple opinión personal...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-06T20:18:17.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-06T22:56:04.483" Score="4" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate the idiom &quot;sound off&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1947" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2013-10-13T21:09:29.593" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:15:11.827" Title="How do you translate the idiom &quot;sound off&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4290" CreationDate="2013-10-07T03:35:31.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/sound+off&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Phrasal Verb:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sound off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express one's views vigorously: &lt;em&gt;was always sounding off about higher taxes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To count cadence when marching in military formation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first meaning I would use: &lt;em&gt;”no dejar de hablar (de)”&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;”pontificar (sobre)”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no dejaba de hablar de los altos impuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se la pasaba pontificando sobre los altos impuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about the second meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-07T03:35:31.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4290" CreationDate="2013-10-07T09:42:00.237" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the suggestion in the other answer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hablar de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; may be a bit too broad to be considered the best translation for &lt;code&gt;sound off&lt;/code&gt;, although in some cases it might be the best choice...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it'd be better if you use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hablar sin tapujos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;hablar sin miedo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, or something like that, which suggests that you're expressing your opinion openly and without fear or hesitation...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=sound%20off&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference article&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;code&gt;sound off&lt;/code&gt;, they suggest also &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;despotricar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, for example in &lt;code&gt;They are always drinking in the pub and sounding off about politicians&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be also other translations, for example in &lt;code&gt;He was always sounding off about higher taxes&lt;/code&gt;, I think the best choice would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;quejarse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as suggested in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=956761&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference forum thread&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1731953&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this other thread&lt;/a&gt;, they suggest that sometimes it could be translated by &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;avisar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;advertir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T19:55:03.197" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T19:55:03.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4298" CreationDate="2013-10-07T22:00:48.190" Score="2" ViewCount="1407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching a television show* the other day during which the presenter made a habit of pronouncing the final 'r' of many infinitives with the 'sh' sound -- thus 'poner' became 'ponesh', and so on.  I can't remember any more at the moment, but it was 'ir' and 'ar' verbs as well -- I think 'sentir' became 'sentish' -- it was not every verb, perhaps 50%&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounded similar to my ears to the manner in which Argentinean Spanish converts 'll' and 'y' to 'sh' -- but here it was clearly the end of infinitives only (the presenter didn't convert 'll' and 'y' to 'sh')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is this common?  I asked some Spanish-speaking friends but they didn't know.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(* it was a VME Cocina show…)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastActivityDate="2020-10-31T21:42:32.597" Title="In what region/country do they pronounce the 'r' at end of Spanish infinitive as 'sh'?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4293" CreationDate="2013-10-08T19:17:59.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The countries which uses sounds that are alike to the one you are informing are Argentina and some parts of Spain. Those who claim to speak in the purest Spanish form actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1944" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T19:17:59.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4290" CreationDate="2013-10-08T19:21:51.130" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literal translation would be &lt;em&gt;al sonido de&lt;/em&gt; like when saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I woke up at the sound of the alarm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the idiom is more complicated to be translated to Spanish since one needs the whole sentence in order to be able to find the right translation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I fear the ones previously provided are good but, being an idiom you are asking about, the answer you seek might be different from the ones provided here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1944" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T06:15:11.827" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:15:11.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4290" CreationDate="2013-10-09T03:40:47.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hablar sin pelos en la lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T03:40:47.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4293" CreationDate="2013-10-09T11:56:33.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo el programa de cocina que mencionas online, aparentemente está hecho en los Estados Unidos y el cocinero dice mucho &quot;concha&quot; en vez de &quot;cáscara&quot; como se dice siempre en Argentina. En España tampoco se habla con el acento de ese cocinero (si es que al que te refieres se llama Hamlet). Sospecho que es de origen centro-americano (México, Nicaragua) o cerca del Caribe (Venezuela). Aunque el cocinero que vi en ese programa online no le escuché reemplazar la &quot;r&quot;. Más bien pronunciaba &quot;j&quot; en vez de &quot;s&quot; algunas veces, como suelen pronunciar en Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T11:56:33.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4293" CreationDate="2013-10-09T17:18:39.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve revisando videos de Paulina Abascal y Catalina Vélez, conductoras de programas de VME cocina.  Catalina es colombiana, de Pereira, y no presenta ninguna irregularidad en la pronunciación de sus infinitivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paulina sí.  Ella es &lt;strong&gt;mexicana&lt;/strong&gt;, del DF (la capital), y tiene un acento marcado que podemos escucharla en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGRx1BQSTZs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Video&lt;/a&gt;.  Se nota la pronuncación afectada en algunas &lt;code&gt;/r/&lt;/code&gt; finales de los infinitivos (y, efectivamente, no lo presenta en otras erres), sobre todo cuando pronuncia el infinitivo al final de oración.  Para mí el sonido no es exactamente una &lt;code&gt;/sh/&lt;/code&gt; inglesa (fricativa postalveolar sibilante sorda) sino más bien una fricativa retroflexa ligeramente vibrante y sonora.  También algunas &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; a final de oración presentan una ligera palatización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me parece una pronunciación habitual en México, no sé si sea común en algunos lugares de Ciudad de México o si se trata de una pronunciación particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD. Como lo decía en los comentarios la fricativa retroflexa es común en acentos andinos, sobre todo en zonas de influencia de quechua, tales como el altiplano peruano, la sierra ecuatoriana y el sur de Colombia.  Pero esta pronunciación es común en todas las &lt;code&gt;/rr/&lt;/code&gt;, no sólo en infinitivos al final de oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;in English (update)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was watching some videos for Paulina Abascal and Catalina Vélez, female presenters of VME Cocina.  Catalina is Colombian, from Pereira, and does not have any irregularity in the pronunciation of infinitives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paulina does.  She is &lt;strong&gt;Mexican&lt;/strong&gt;, from Mexico City, and she has a marked Mexican accent we can hear in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGRx1BQSTZs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This Video&lt;/a&gt;.  You can notice the affected pronunciation of some final &lt;code&gt;/r/&lt;/code&gt; in the infinitives (and, as asked, not in other positions of &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;), mainly when the infinitive falls at the end of a sentence.  For me the sound is not quite an English &lt;code&gt;/sh/&lt;/code&gt; (voiceless sibilant post-alveolar fricative) but rather a semi-voiced semi-vibrant retroflex fricative.  Also some &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; at the end of sentences has some palatalization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't recall this as normal pronunciation in Mexico.  I don't know if it is common in certain places in Mexico City or if it is a particular pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. As I told in the comments, the retroflex fricative is common in Andean accents, mainly on those with Quechua influence as in the Peruvian high-lands, the Ecuadorian sierra and southern Colombia.  But this pronunciation affects every &lt;code&gt;/rr/&lt;/code&gt; and not only sentence final infinitives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-10-11T16:31:08.940" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T16:31:08.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-13T02:21:30.060" Score="1" ViewCount="7917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned &quot;no mucho&quot; for not much, but when I went to Spain, I heard &quot;nada mucho&quot; in conversational Spanish.  Specifically in Granada, where many would say &quot;graNADA mucho&quot; to &quot;What's up&quot; questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &quot;no mucho&quot; means not much, but is putting &quot;nada&quot; in the front making it sound a bit different, just as we would say &quot;nothing much&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just wondering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1964" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T21:30:02.567" Title="To express nothing much (versus not much) can I say &quot;nada mucho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4301" CreationDate="2013-10-13T02:44:56.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;“nada mucho”&lt;/em&gt; does not sound grammatical Spanish for me, but I wouldn't be surprised if it has become jargon in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-10-13T02:44:56.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-14T22:11:25.777" Score="9" ViewCount="155175" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente he visto cada vez más extendido en Colombia el término &lt;em&gt;orto&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a las partes traseras de una persona.  Originalmente lo escuchaba sólo de argentinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre asumí que venía de la raíz etimológica &lt;em&gt;orto-&lt;/em&gt; de origen griego y que significa &lt;em&gt;correcto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;derecho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;recto&lt;/em&gt;; y que el término empezó a substituir, en la jerga porteña, al recto anatómico, a esa última parte del intestino grueso que termina en el ano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta esta etimología?  Además de Argentina y Colombia ¿dónde más es común este término con este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro que &lt;em&gt;orto&lt;/em&gt; sí es una palabra en español, derivada del latín &lt;em&gt;ortus&lt;/em&gt;, y significa el punto donde un astro &lt;em&gt;sale&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nace&lt;/em&gt;.  No parece, sin embargo, que esta sea la etimología de &lt;em&gt;orto&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &lt;em&gt;ano&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nalgas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T09:06:40.393" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T13:49:40.623" Title="Extensión y origen de &quot;orto&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4303" CreationDate="2013-10-15T02:02:31.547" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión (grosera) es muy usada actualmente en Argentina, aunque no hace mucho. El origen de estas &quot;malas palabras&quot; frecuentemente es incierto, y creo que este es el caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La asociación con &quot;recto&quot; me parece muy poco natural, estas palabras no suelen nacer por estos caminos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más probable (aunque nada conclusiva) me parece la otra explicación que encuentro en la red: en italiano &quot;orto&quot; significa &quot;huerto&quot; o &quot;jardín de flores&quot; (ten en cuenta que el italiano tiene mucha influencia, por vía de la inmigración, en el lunfardo de Buenos Aires). La asociación sería irónica, por la alusión al aroma de las flores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-10-15T02:02:31.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-15T13:14:45.080" Score="7" ViewCount="546" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using a &amp;quot;learn Spanish&amp;quot; app on my phone to refresh my memory and get some practice, and I have a question about what one of the lessons is teaching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a lesson on conjunctions, and it has several sentences using &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;. A few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero leche sino agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No camino sino corro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I understand what these sentences mean, but I'm confused regarding punctuation. If I were to write them in English myself, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not want milk; rather/instead I want water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not walk; rather/instead I run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The app displays the proper English translation once I've tried to input it, and it says the following is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not want milk, but rather water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not walk, but rather I run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, so aside from the &lt;em&gt;rather&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;but rather&lt;/em&gt; difference, I'm confused on the punctuation. I'm dubious of the comma in their English version (I think it needs the semicolon) but either way, there is some form of punctuation before &lt;em&gt;(but) rather&lt;/em&gt; in the English version, and none before &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; in the Spanish version. Is this correct? If so, can someone explain why? I actually got one of these constructions wrong on my first try, because I had trouble parsing the sentence with the lack of punctuation. So any insight into the matter would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T15:28:10.987" Title="Punctuation with &quot;sino&quot;" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4305" CreationDate="2013-10-15T14:09:44.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right in your suspicion. Compound sentences using adversative conjunctions need a comma between the simple sentences, as explained in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SwqUf6YOtD6TfcfDSC%7CV1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd#128&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;article for &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt; from the Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2.8.&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe coma delante de las conjunciones o locuciones conjuntivas que unen las oraciones incluidas en una oración compuesta, en los casos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante oraciones coordinadas adversativas introducidas por &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;&lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;Hazlo si quieres, pero luego no digas que no te lo&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;advertí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it should read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero leche, sino agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, there's a second mistake in your second example. It should have a &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; after &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=sino&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;source)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No camino, sino que corro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-15T14:14:53.383" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4305" CreationDate="2013-10-16T11:03:00.727" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;While my source is not as authoritative as the DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://asesoramientolinguistico.blogspot.com/2011/06/coma-antes-de-sino.html&quot;&gt;this blog&lt;/a&gt; explains a case that is not covered by Chewis's answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the term uses comma, sometimes not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With comma&lt;/strong&gt; when confronting a positive element to a negative one, or in &lt;em&gt;no sólo …, sino también&lt;/em&gt; clauses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quise decir eso, sino todo lo contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No solo toca la guitarra, sino también el piano y el violín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I did not mean that, but just the opposite.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Not only plays guitar, but also piano and violin.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Without comma&lt;/strong&gt; when meaning &lt;em&gt;except&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;but only&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No amo a nadie sino a Fernando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pido sino que escuchen lo que tengo para decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I do not love anyone but Fernando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I ask nothing but to be listened in what I have to say.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to your examples &lt;strong&gt;I would not&lt;/strong&gt; use the comma as it introduces an uneasy pause, even if they are contrasts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quiero leche sino agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No camino sino corro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would use a comma if I make the second part into a subordinate sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quiero leche, sino que prefiero agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No camino, sino que corro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contrast in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want milk but water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want milk, but rather water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T11:03:00.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3521" CreationDate="2013-10-16T14:54:44.137" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo los enlaces de Wikipedia y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_amaz%C3%B3nico#Referencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yendo a las referencias&lt;/a&gt; encontramos muy poca documentación del español amazónico, aunque bien parecen haber unos pocos estudios.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ethnologue.com/language/spq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Etnologue&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; le asigna un código propio al español amazónico y afirma que no es directamente inteligible con el registro normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el español de Iquitos (ciudad peruana en el Amazonas), Wikipedia ofrece otra fuente, esta vez un artículo en un blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://escuchalacalle.blogspot.com/2012/04/el-castellano-de-loreto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El castellano de Loreto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; el cual a su vez cita como fuente a &lt;em&gt;El español amazónico hablado en el Perú&lt;/em&gt; sin vínculos ni especificar si esto es un libro, un trabajo académico o qué tipo de obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los links en Wikipedia en inglés no son más dicientes: agregan un blog que ya no existe y una página en un libro sobre el español hablado que marca apenas una característica del habla de Loreto-Ucayali, no como tratado del español en esa área sino sobre el uso de esa expresión en diferentes dialectos del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay referencias específicas a las afirmaciones que se hacen en el artículo de Wikipedia lo que me lleva a pensar que es investigación original o, simplemente, mala práctica de redacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto me atrevería a decir que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, no hay recursos en la red para aprender a usarlo.  Sí debe haber recursos que describen, pero posiblemente se encuentran principalmente en las facultades de lingüística de las universidades peruanas, e imagino que son más orientados a &lt;strong&gt;describir&lt;/strong&gt; cómo se habla el español en la Amazonía peruana que a &lt;em&gt;enseñar a usarlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:29:33.377" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:29:33.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-16T23:57:24.963" Score="1" ViewCount="11064" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not very great at Spanish, and I was wondering this simple question: &quot;What is the difference between 'a mí' and 'yo'&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know they are sometimes used differently (&quot;a mí me gusta ...&quot; rather than &quot;a yo me gusta ...&quot;), and sometimes used interchangeably (&quot;a mí también&quot; or &quot;yo también&quot;). Correct me if I'm wrong here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched around and found a little bit of conflicting information, but mainly that &quot;mí&quot; means &quot;me&quot; and &quot;yo&quot; means &quot;I&quot;. Some websites have suggested they are used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused. Can you please help explain the differences to me in a simple and understandable way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1976" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T08:54:58.303" Title="&quot;a mí&quot; and &quot;yo&quot; differences?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4301" CreationDate="2013-10-17T01:36:08.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never heard that expression being used, however, there are some other expressions that sound more understandable for all Spanish speakers, for example, &quot;no mucho&quot; or &quot;casi nada&quot;(which literally means almost nothing).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T01:36:08.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4310" CreationDate="2013-10-17T02:27:14.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;“A mí” strictly speaking stands for “to me” or “as far as I am concerned”; whereas “yo” is a simple pronoun meaning “I”. Here are a few examples to illustrate this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué te gusta? A mí, me gusta el rojo. (What do you like? As for me, I like the red one.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, they are not used exactly interchangeably because “a mí” places a greater emphasis on the speaker especially when the context involves more subjects. In our example, for instance, there are others who like other colors but as far as I am concerned, I prefer red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T02:27:14.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4315" CreationDate="2013-10-17T02:33:57.867" Score="1" ViewCount="877" Body="&lt;p&gt;What’s the difference between “ático”, “desván”, and “entretecho”? As far as I have discovered, they all translate into the English word, “attic”. So, are they really just synonyms? Or are there any subtle differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if they are exactly the same thing, are there any regional preferences around their usage? What’s the preferred word in your country or region?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2019-01-20T20:59:40.453" Title="Ático vs. Desván vs. Entretecho?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4314" CreationDate="2013-10-17T04:39:46.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's look at the definitions from the RAE dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ático&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Último piso de un edificio, generalmente retranqueado y del que forma parte, a veces, una azotea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Arq.&lt;/em&gt; Último piso de un edificio, más bajo de techo que los inferiores, que se construye para encubrir el arranque de las techumbres y a veces por ornato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Arq.&lt;/em&gt; Cuerpo que se coloca por ornato sobre la cornisa de un edificio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desván&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Parte más alta de la casa, inmediatamente debajo del tejado, que suele destinarse a guardar objetos inútiles o en desuso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entretecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Bol., Chile, Col. y Nic.&lt;/em&gt; Desván, sobrado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zarzo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Col.&lt;/em&gt; desván.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to these definitions the &lt;em&gt;ático&lt;/em&gt; is the top floor and &lt;em&gt;desván&lt;/em&gt; the place to store things under between the roof and the ceiling, while &lt;em&gt;entretecho&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;zarzo&lt;/em&gt; are just synonyms to &lt;em&gt;desván&lt;/em&gt;.  For me they are mostly the same but if it is &lt;strong&gt;habitable&lt;/strong&gt; I would just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ático&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, while if it is mostly used &lt;strong&gt;for storage&lt;/strong&gt; I would use &lt;em&gt;zarzo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;desván&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T19:53:51.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4310" CreationDate="2013-10-17T05:26:33.083" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; are not interchangeable.  I would like to see the websites that claim that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;«mí»&lt;/em&gt; means “me” when preceded by a preposition (except &lt;em&gt;«con»&lt;/em&gt; which becomes ̣_«conmigo»_), so &lt;em&gt;«a mí»&lt;/em&gt; means “to me”.  When use as indirect object usually the first person will use the non-prepositional object pronoun &lt;em&gt;«me»&lt;/em&gt;.  Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dio la carta &lt;strong&gt;a María.&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; “John gave Mary the letter.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; dio la carta.»&lt;/em&gt; “John gave me the letter.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For emphasis some times this indirect &lt;em&gt;«me»&lt;/em&gt; is complemented by the prepositional phrase &lt;em&gt;«a mí»&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; dio &lt;strong&gt;a mí&lt;/strong&gt; la carta.»&lt;/em&gt; “John gave &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; the letter.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish when referring to people, the direct object usually take the form of an indirect object, adding preposition &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt;. this is know as &lt;em&gt;personal «a»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan recibe un pedido.»&lt;/em&gt; “John takes an order.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan recibe a María.»&lt;/em&gt; “John takes Mary.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan me recibe.»&lt;/em&gt; “John takes me.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Juan me recibe a mí.»&lt;/em&gt; “John takes &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;«a mí»&lt;/em&gt; is just an emphatic form of the first person pronoun in objects (direct or indirect objects).  While &lt;em&gt;«yo»&lt;/em&gt; is the (emphatic) first person pronoun in subjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Le dí la carta a María.»&lt;/em&gt; “I gave Mary the letter.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Yo se la dí.»&lt;/em&gt; “&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; gave it to her.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Recibo un pedido.»&lt;/em&gt; “I take and order.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Yo recibo un pedido.»&lt;/em&gt; “&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; take and order.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, where is your conflict:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«A mí me gusta el chocolate.»&lt;/em&gt; “&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; like chocolate.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Yo amo el chocolate.»&lt;/em&gt; “&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; love chocolate.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As well as the non-emphatic forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Me gusta el chocolate.»&lt;/em&gt; “I like chocolate.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Amo el chocolate.»&lt;/em&gt; “I love chocolate.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike &lt;em&gt;«amar»&lt;/em&gt;, which works as English “to love”, the verb &lt;em&gt;«gustar»&lt;/em&gt; is different.  While usually translates in sentences as “to like” it actually behaves more as “to please”: the subject is what is liked (what pleases), and the object is who likes (to whom it pleases).  So &lt;em&gt;«me»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«a mí me»&lt;/em&gt; is the object, while &lt;em&gt;«el chocolate»&lt;/em&gt; is the subject in &lt;em&gt;«A mí me gusta el chocolate.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Me gusta María.»&lt;/em&gt; “I like Mary.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;«María»&lt;/em&gt; takes no &lt;em&gt;personal «a»&lt;/em&gt;, because &lt;em&gt;«María»&lt;/em&gt; is the subject, not the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second confusion: interchangeability of &lt;em&gt;«A mí también»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«Yo también.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Ayer fuí al cine.»&lt;/em&gt; “Yesterday I went to the movies.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Yo también.»&lt;/em&gt; “So did I.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Juan me invitó.»&lt;/em&gt; “John invited me.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«A mí también.»&lt;/em&gt; “Me too.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Amo el cine.»&lt;/em&gt; “I love the movies.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Yo también.»&lt;/em&gt; “So do I.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«Me gustó la película.»&lt;/em&gt; “I liked the picture.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;«A mí también.»&lt;/em&gt; “Me too.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can notice, &lt;em&gt;«Yo también»&lt;/em&gt; is used when it should be a subject and &lt;em&gt;«A mí también»&lt;/em&gt; is used when it should be an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T08:54:58.303" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T08:54:58.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4319" CreationDate="2013-10-17T12:59:49.997" Score="0" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un documento en inglés, el &quot;Libro de orden de la iglesia&quot;, que ha sido traducido al español. Es necesario distinguir entre &quot;demission&quot; de un ministro y &quot;deposition&quot; de un ministro (&quot;demission&quot; es la renuncia del oficio, &quot;deposition&quot; es el traslado forzoso del oficio). El traductor usó el verbo &quot;destituir&quot; para ambas palabras en muchos casos, pero en algunos casos tradujo &quot;demission&quot; como &quot;demisión.&quot; ¿Es aceptable usar &quot;dimitir&quot; y &quot;dimisión&quot; para &quot;to demit&quot; y &quot;demission&quot;, y &quot;destituir&quot; y &quot;destitución&quot; para &quot;to depose&quot; y &quot;deposition&quot;? ¿Hay palabras que son mejores que éstas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1981" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T13:57:14.803" Title="Traducciónes distintas para &quot;demit/demission&quot; y &quot;depose/deposition&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4237" CreationDate="2013-10-17T13:25:54.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it could be, at least in some cases, the same that happens in Galician. There is a distinction between feminine and masculine forms of the same word: size. Feminine is usually bigger than masculine. So a &quot;cesta&quot; (basket) is bigger than a &quot;cesto&quot; (smaller basket); a &quot;bolsa&quot; (bag) is bigger than a &quot;bolso&quot; (hand bag); a &quot;cuba&quot; (tub) is bigger than a &quot;cubo&quot; (bucket).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it might have to do with the vowels used, since &quot;a&quot; is a more open vowel than &quot;o&quot;, but it's only speculation on my part :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found an article when this use of gender is explained (in spanish, sorry; go to the end of the article): &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T13:25:54.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4317" CreationDate="2013-10-17T13:57:14.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece lo más adecuado y del diccionario de la RAE tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/dimitir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dimitir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;dimittĕre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Renunciar, hacer dejación de algo, como un empleo, una comisión, etc. &lt;em&gt;U. m. c. intr.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/destituir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;destituir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;destituĕre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Separar a alguien del cargo que ejerce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tr. p. us.&lt;/em&gt; Privar a alguien de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente las definiciones &lt;em&gt;oficiales&lt;/em&gt; están de acuerdo con este uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T13:57:14.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4166" CreationDate="2013-10-17T19:20:19.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;sorprendentemente genuino&quot; es una pésima traducción qeu confunde adjetivo y adverbio, lo correcto era &quot;genuinamente sorprendente&quot; (truly surprising); aunque la repetición &quot;mente/mente&quot; suena algo dura, y el resto tampoco está bien traducido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas alternativas (de paso se trata de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpson%27s_paradox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;paradoja de Simpson&lt;/a&gt;, ¿no?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resulta muy sorprendente para  los&#xA;  estudiantes que un resumen de los datos (en este caso la media) pueda&#xA;  ir en un sentido si se toman los datos agrupados, pero van en sentido&#xA;  opuesto para cada subgrupo cuando se toman por separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Causa genuina sorpresa a los estudiantes &#xA;  que un resumen de los datos (en este caso la media) pueda&#xA;  ir en un sentido cuando se toman los datos agrupados, pero van en sentido&#xA;  opuesto para cada subgrupo cuando se toman por separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T19:20:19.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-17T23:45:37.863" Score="1" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For the curious, more information can be found in the following&#xA;    link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se aplica la palabra &quot;curious&quot; a un grupo de gente que es curiosa. Esto es usado con frecuencia en inglés. Pero, ¿se puede usar esto en español? Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para los curiosos, se puede encontrar más información en el siguiente sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For the curious, more information can be found in the following&#xA;    link. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and attribute that phrase &quot;For the curious...&quot; to a group of people.  Can we translate that as &quot;Para los curiosos...&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1750" LastEditorUserId="1750" LastEditDate="2013-10-17T23:51:30.107" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T00:34:29.897" Title="Los adjetivos aplicados a un grupo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4322" CreationDate="2013-10-18T00:34:29.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es correcto utilizar el adjetivo con el artículo para indicar un objeto o persona (singular) o un grupo de cosas o personas (plural) que tienen ese atributo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para los curiosos, se puede encontrar más información en el siguiente sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una frase perfectamente válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T00:34:29.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4325" CreationDate="2013-10-18T03:20:17.653" Score="3" ViewCount="4526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that the word venirse sometimes get used wrongly, so I was wonder what are some correct ways to use this word? I have listed a few example below which may or may not be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I want to become a lawyer when I am grown up&quot; is like &#xA;&quot;Quiero venirme a ser abogado cuando sea adulto&quot; or more simpy &quot;Quiero ser abagado cuando sea adulto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Day by day I become a little more disenchanted with the world&quot; is like &quot;Día despues de día me vengo ser mas desencatado con el mundo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Mad mother) &quot;No me hagan venir abajo para darles tancancitos!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are any of these phrases correct? I am mostly concerned with the ways of using venir and venirse, but please feel free to correct any other errors! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1983" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-10-21T10:40:24.533" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T12:48:42.587" Title="Venir vs. Venirse" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4324" CreationDate="2013-10-18T07:47:28.833" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I notice in your two first examples that you attempt to translate “to become” into &lt;em&gt;«venirse»&lt;/em&gt; which, right now, I cannot think on an example in which this is correct. English “to become” is better translated as &lt;em&gt;«volverse»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«llegar a ser»&lt;/em&gt;, simply by &lt;em&gt;«ser»&lt;/em&gt; when context is enough to show a process, or by a verbing of the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your two examples, it is better to say in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; abogado cuando sea grande.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Día a día &lt;strong&gt;me desencanto&lt;/strong&gt; un poco más con el mundo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A few notes: note &lt;em&gt;«cuando sea grande»&lt;/em&gt; or a more literal &lt;em&gt;«cuando crezca»&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;«cuando sea adulto»&lt;/em&gt;.  Your choice is not wrong, but for me &lt;em&gt;«grande»&lt;/em&gt; sounds more idiomatically correct than &lt;em&gt;«adulto»&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Additionnally, “day by day” translates just into &lt;em&gt;«día a día»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your third example, while a little odd, is correct: for example, if your mother is upstairs and you are making trouble downstairs, she would angrily yell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«¡No &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; hagan &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; abajo para darles un castigo!»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm not sure what &lt;em&gt;«tancancitos»&lt;/em&gt; means.  Google just point me to &lt;a href=&quot;http://3mr.me/venir-vs-venirse/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;another version of this question&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if she already came down, she would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«¡No &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; hagan &lt;strong&gt;venir&lt;/strong&gt; abajo (de nuevo) para darles un castigo!»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not actually an example of &lt;em&gt;«venirse»&lt;/em&gt; as can be noticed that the subject is (tacit) &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; (second person plural) while &lt;em&gt;«me»&lt;/em&gt; (first person singular) is the object.  This is not a reflexive construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Correct use:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«venir»&lt;/em&gt; can be used in most cases where English uses “to come” as non-phrasal verb indicating movement.  Note that phrasal verbs such as “to come back” usually have its own verb in Spanish (i.e. &lt;em&gt;«regresar»&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«venirse»&lt;/em&gt; can be used as complement to &lt;em&gt;«irse»&lt;/em&gt;, just as &lt;em&gt;«venir»&lt;/em&gt; is complement to &lt;em&gt;«ir»&lt;/em&gt; in some cases in which &lt;em&gt;«irse»&lt;/em&gt; would be preferred to &lt;em&gt;«ir»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Voy para la casa.»&lt;/em&gt; “I am (already) going home.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Me voy para la casa.»&lt;/em&gt; “I'm leaving (with the intention to go home).”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Vine a casa.»&lt;/em&gt; “I came home.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Me vine para la casa.»&lt;/em&gt; “I left (and came home).”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«venirse»&lt;/em&gt; (slang) ”to have an orgasm.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2013-12-03T12:48:42.587" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T12:48:42.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4349" CreationDate="2013-10-18T09:24:34.440" Score="4" ViewCount="1052" Body="&lt;p&gt;En varios idiomas hay una palabra especifica para un remolque o trailer de vivienda temporal para los trabajadores, cerca de construcción que muchas veces tambien se usan como caravana (en sitios que se llaman &lt;em&gt;Wagenburg&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Wagenplatz&lt;/em&gt; en alemán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras en otros idiomas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=Bauwagen&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bauwagen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (alemán)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=roulotte%20de%20chantier&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Roulotte de chantier&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (francés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=Maringotka&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maringotka&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (checo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=Bouwkeet&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bouwkeet&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (neerlandés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=Manskapsvagn&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manskapsvagn&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (sueco)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=Construction%20trailer&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Construction trailer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (ingles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si busco por una de esas palabras en google images se ve miles de remolques de este tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ibqvx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando lo por diccionario encontré&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=trailer&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trailer&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=remolque%20de%20trabajo&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remolque de trabajo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=de&amp;amp;q=remolque%20de%20construcci%C3%B3n&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remolque de construcción&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todas estas palabras, usando google images, me traen imágenes de todo tipos de remolques. Estoy buscando la palabra especifica en castellano para ese tipo de remolque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1988" LastEditorUserId="1988" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T13:49:14.217" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T13:49:14.217" Title="Bauwagen en español: Como es la palabra para un tipo de remolque o trailer de vivienda temporal" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4326" CreationDate="2013-10-18T13:46:40.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dudo que exista una palabra específica -y menos universal. En Argentina, al menos, se usa la expresión &quot;casilla rodante&quot; para lo que en USA llaman &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_trailer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;travel trailer&lt;/a&gt; o &quot;caravan&quot; : más uso para viajes de recreación que para asentamiento laborales o vivienda semi-estable. &#xA;Algunas variantes para estos usos específicos son &quot;&lt;strong&gt;casillas viales&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;casillas rurales&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, según el caso (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mde9.com.ar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ej&lt;/a&gt;); o &quot;trailer&quot; (en lugar de &quot;casilla&quot;), o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.patagonlatinamerica.com.ar/modulos-rurales.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;módulos habitacionales&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T13:46:40.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4326" CreationDate="2013-10-18T14:38:41.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México los nombres mas comunes que he oído para este tipo de viviendas son &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;casa móvil&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;casa rodante&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. En algunos lugares al norte de México y sur de los Estados Unidos he notado que usan la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;traila&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que a mi parecer es mas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=FSeA5UnGUDXX2flaAWz4#0_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espanglish&lt;/a&gt; que español, pero al buscar con esa palabra en google se pueden encontrar imágenes similares a las que muestras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T14:38:41.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4329" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4337" CreationDate="2013-10-18T20:38:52.013" Score="4" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es &lt;code&gt;gobierno de la denominación&lt;/code&gt; una traducción correcta para &lt;code&gt;Denominational polity&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Polity&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a la estructura de gobierno eclesiástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The General Synod shall have original authority over all matters pertaining to doctrine and &lt;strong&gt;denominational polity&lt;/strong&gt; as they relate to the theological seminaries of the Reformed Church&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1981" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T19:15:12.210" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T19:15:12.210" Title="Traducción de &quot;polity&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4332" CreationDate="2013-10-20T11:47:11.890" Score="5" ViewCount="17923" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como muchos saben, &lt;em&gt;chingar&lt;/em&gt;, en cierto contexto, significa &lt;em&gt;molestar&lt;/em&gt;. Por otro lado &lt;em&gt;quedito&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;quedo&lt;/em&gt; (con tiento, poco a poco). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;chingaquedito&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una persona que molesta de manera efectiva pero &quot;poco a poco&quot;, con discreción. O bien    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una persona que trata de molestar, pero no lo logra, porque sus intentos son tan &lt;em&gt;quedos&lt;/em&gt; que no causan efecto alguno. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:06:44.363" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T14:05:15.593" Title="Significado de &quot;chingaquedito&quot;" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4331" CreationDate="2013-10-21T01:48:22.337" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En base a experiencia propia, me parece que la expresión se refiere a un combinado de los dos significados que has sugerido. &lt;em&gt;chingaquedito&lt;/em&gt; es aquella persona que molesta poco a poco pero continuamente, a tal grado de que llega a molestar por la frecuencia mas no por la fuerza del hecho. &#xA;Otra manera de expresar este término es &quot;cuchillito de palo&quot;, del cual coloquialmente se dice que &lt;em&gt;&quot;no corta, pero cómo chinga&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, puesto que un cuchillo de tal material no consigue cortar como lo haría un cuchillo ordinario, pero sin embargo causa molestia por la insistencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T14:05:15.593" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T14:05:15.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4336" CreationDate="2013-10-21T03:50:47.347" Score="2" ViewCount="720" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across two translations: &lt;code&gt;acerca de&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;sobre&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is the most accurate translation for a construct such as “This book is about a cat” or “They are talking about you”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they both mean exactly the same thing, are there any preferences around using one over the other in your region?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1149" LastEditDate="2013-10-21T09:47:12.193" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T12:00:11.953" Title="How to translate “about”?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4334" CreationDate="2013-10-21T08:21:26.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;And you forgot that &lt;code&gt;acerca de&lt;/code&gt; can be reduced to just &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;. Here in Spain I think we would translate those sentences this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;This book is about a cat&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Este libro trata sobre un gato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;They are talking about you&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Están hablando de ti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But other variations are possible and would not be unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T08:21:26.540" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4334" CreationDate="2013-10-21T10:34:03.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;acerca de&lt;/code&gt; is more literally related to the English concept of &lt;code&gt;about&lt;/code&gt;, both convey the concept of &amp;quot;near or around&amp;quot;, in a figurative (and sometimes literal) sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sobre&lt;/code&gt; usually translates to the English word &lt;code&gt;on&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, as with many phrases and words, you must translate the concept more than the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book is &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; cats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He was running &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; to leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And each of these have multiple possible synonymous expressions in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book is &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt; [the topic of] cats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He was running &lt;em&gt;all over the place&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm &lt;em&gt;nearly ready&lt;/em&gt; to leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you see these translations follow more my second set of English phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro es &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; los gatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él estuvo corriendo &lt;em&gt;en todos lados&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;em&gt;a punto&lt;/em&gt; de salir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your specific example, &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; is the proper translation of the concept, and in English it's more like saying &amp;quot;on&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro es &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; la historia de America. (The book is on the history of America)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gato está &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; la mesa. (The cat is on the table)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No camines &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; el pasto! (Don't walk on the grass!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T12:00:11.953" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4329" CreationDate="2013-10-21T16:03:15.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde luego la traducción realizada por &lt;em&gt;vuestro traductor&lt;/em&gt; no parece muy acertada... La traducción que yo propongo para tu frase completa sería algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Sínodo General tendrá autoridad sobre todos los asuntos&#xA;  relacionados con la doctrina y el régimen de gobierno confesional, puesto que&#xA;  están relacionados con los seminarios teológicos de la Iglesia&#xA;  Reformada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=polity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;polity en WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, verás lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cf15V.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si buscas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=denominational&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;denominational en WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, verás lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ihhjc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la traducción propuesta, &lt;code&gt;política de la denominación&lt;/code&gt;, no sólo ni se acerca a la traducción correcta, sino que además carece completamente de sentido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción de &lt;strong&gt;polity&lt;/strong&gt; pienso que esta bastante clara...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la traducción de &lt;strong&gt;denominational&lt;/strong&gt;, verás que una de las traducciones es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;denominacional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que es una palabra que yo jamás habia oído, y que de hecho no esta recogida en el diccionario de la RAE. Yo supongo que se usa en América Latina, dónde quizás a veces existe cierta tendencia a &lt;em&gt;españolizar&lt;/em&gt; de una forma demasiado directa las palabras inglesas... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si buscas en el diccionario la última traducción, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/confesional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confesional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, encontrarás que significa &lt;code&gt;perteneciente o relativo a una confesión religiosa&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, visto lo visto, parece que la traducción más correcta de &lt;code&gt;denominational polity&lt;/code&gt; sería algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La estructura / forma / sistema de gobierno confesional / eclesiástico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual, por cierto, se asemeja mucho a la traducción que propusiste en tu pregunta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu otra pregunta en el comentario, creo que cuando se dice &lt;code&gt;as they relate to&lt;/code&gt;, se debería traducir por algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puesto que/Ya que están relacionados/hacen referencia/guardan relación con ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T19:20:45.670" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4338" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4339" CreationDate="2013-10-21T18:18:15.963" Score="6" ViewCount="4010" Body="&lt;p&gt;Empiecé a leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2013/10/18/eps/1382107992_999726.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta entrevista&lt;/a&gt; y encontré esa expressión, &quot;curtido a pie de calle&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;este gobernante de raza, &lt;em&gt;curtido a pie de calle&lt;/em&gt; y en la lucha sindical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa? Sé lo que significa &lt;em&gt;literalmente&lt;/em&gt; pero no entiendo el significado connotativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1996" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T09:24:13.367" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T09:24:13.367" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;curtido a pie de calle&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4338" CreationDate="2013-10-21T19:44:19.907" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/curtir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curtir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Acostumbrar a alguien a la vida dura y a sufrir adversidades&#xA;que puedan sobrellevarse con el paso del tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;estar curtido en&lt;/strong&gt; algo: &lt;em&gt;Estar acostumbrado a ello o diestro en hacerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/curtido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curtido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Coloquialmente, experimentado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;a pie de calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tiene un significado bastante literal, es decir, significa simplemente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;en la calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, pero con un poco más de énfasis, recalcando que es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;en la misma/propia calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;al nivel de la calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;... Puedes ver la traducción y varios hilos al respecto en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=a%20pie%20de%20calle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la frase &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;curtido a pie de calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en ese contexto básicamente se refiere a que el gobernante tiene &lt;strong&gt;una gran experiencia&lt;/strong&gt;, que ha adquirido a base de participar en &lt;strong&gt;protestas&lt;/strong&gt; de carácter social y &lt;strong&gt;manifestaciones&lt;/strong&gt; populares, las cuales por supuesto tienen lugar &lt;strong&gt;en las calles&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que el autor quiere reflejar que no se trata del típico personaje político que trabaja siempre encerrado en su oficina rodeado de papeleo y en contacto únicamente con otros miembros de la clase política. Para hablar de un político así, el autor probablemente hubiese escrito algo como: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;con una extensa carrera en los despachos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario, el autor usa la frase &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;curtido a pie de calle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para recalcar que se trata de una persona que ha tenido que seguir un camino difícil y que ha estado involucrado en los problemas sociales y en contacto con el pueblo en todo momento, luchando como un ciudadano más...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: Prestad atención a la puntualización que hace @MikMik en su comentario más abajo, que es muy interesante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T18:32:35.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4301" CreationDate="2013-10-21T21:30:02.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This expression is not proper spanish since &quot;nada&quot; means nothing and &quot;mucho&quot; means a lot. So it seems strange to place both terms in the same phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1997" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T21:30:02.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4344" CreationDate="2013-10-22T05:35:51.310" Score="9" ViewCount="16887" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the exact difference between these words? If I were to translate, for instance, “I am near the bank”, which one of the following would be the best way to go and why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy cerca del banco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy acerca del banco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy cercano al banco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just read this line on some website discussing &lt;strong&gt;cerca&lt;/strong&gt; vs. &lt;strong&gt;cercano&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tenemos una casa cercana al aeropuerto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would one be advised to use &lt;strong&gt;cercana a&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;cerca de&lt;/strong&gt; in this construct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T17:35:37.773" Title="Cerca vs. acerca vs. cercano" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="450" CreationDate="2013-10-22T06:35:41.773" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, &lt;em&gt;¿bueno?&lt;/em&gt; is used mostly in México and it doesn't originally represents a greeting or a &lt;em&gt;hello&lt;/em&gt;. Around 1880 the telephone first came to México but the service quality was very poor. When somebody tried to call to another person then the operator person would have to connect that call, as the system was very poor then the operator person had to do some &quot;test&quot; in order to check whether the call can be connected or not. So, in order to know that, the operator person would say &quot;¿Bueno?&quot;, which literally means &quot;good?&quot; and then wait for the answer, if it was &quot;Bueno&quot; then the call was successfully connected and the actual call proceeded.&#xA;Here is the source of this information, but it's in spanish&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mx.noticias.yahoo.com/blogs/blognoticias/por-qu%C3%A9-se-dice--bueno--230425941.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mx.noticias.yahoo.com/blogs/blognoticias/por-qu%C3%A9-se-dice--bueno--230425941.html&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T14:39:01.593" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:39:01.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4341" CreationDate="2013-10-22T07:20:31.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's correct, &quot;Cerca&quot; is an adverb which modifies the verb &quot;Estar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not wrong, but that word usage is declining.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's correct, &quot;Cercano&quot; is an adjective which define the subject &quot;Yo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1764" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T07:20:31.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4341" CreationDate="2013-10-22T11:45:38.267" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The current use in Spain is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;acerca de&lt;/em&gt; is never used with this meaning; its only use is meaning &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in an informal context, whenever you can choose between the adverb &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; and the adjective &lt;em&gt;cercano/a&lt;/em&gt;, use the first&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in a more formal context or in writing, you can use either &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cercano/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;Tenemos una casa cercana al aeropuerto&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;Tenemos una casa cerca del aeropuerto&lt;/em&gt;, though you might read the first variation in a newspaper, for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that sometimes you can only use the adjective. Some additional examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay un bar cerca&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;Hay un bar cercano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paco estaba en un bar cercano&lt;/em&gt;, but not &lt;em&gt;Paco estaba en un bar cerca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T11:45:38.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4338" CreationDate="2013-10-22T13:33:33.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece la típica expresión de lenguaje periodístico. Significa que ha adquirido mucha experiencia en algo no a través de la teoría sino mediante la práctica en la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T13:33:33.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2634" CreationDate="2013-10-22T16:55:30.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both assist and attend (English) come from Latin through French (Old French, Middle French) into English. English is a Germanic language, but English words are not necessarily derived from German or any Germanic language. The Norman conquest of Britain in 1066 and subsequent centuries of Norman French introduced many word items into English (along with syntax and morphology).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Germanic and Celtic languages and Latin (Vulgar Latin) had centuries of contact (speaking in terms of speakers in contact), and it is sometimes not immediately clear that &quot;Germanic&quot; or Celtic word items in Spanish are Germanic or Celtic, respectively, because they came into Spanish (Romance, Old Spanish) through the period of Roman occupation and bore Latin inflections. Germanic and Arabic contact produces toponyms in Spanish as well. &#xA;If you want to visualize Roman-Peninsular contact, it is portrayed in &lt;em&gt;The Gladiator&lt;/em&gt;, a a film set in Spain's Roman period, whose the protagonist is known as &quot;The Spaniard.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2000" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T16:55:30.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2013-10-23T02:20:21.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Magister Scientiarum&lt;/em&gt; es el término en latin referente a &lt;em&gt;Maestro en Ciencias&lt;/em&gt;. Supongo que el título completo de la persona del curriculum no lo has puesto completo ya que &quot;Magister Scientiarum en Ciencias&quot; debería ir seguido del campo específico en el que se ha graduado, por ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Magister Scientiarum en Ciencias Computacionales&quot; o &quot;Magister Scientiarum en Ciencias Políticas&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Estados Unidos se utiliza en muchas universidades el término &lt;em&gt;Magister Scientiarum&lt;/em&gt; directamente y es el equivalente directo de &quot;Master of Science&quot; lo cual concuerda con tu suposición inicial de que se trata de un &lt;em&gt;Master's Degree&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te dejo el link donde se explica este tema a detalle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master&amp;#39;s_degree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master's_degree&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-08T19:48:14.000" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T19:48:14.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3798" CreationDate="2013-10-23T02:41:19.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Engatillar también se refiere a una presa en la cual una de las piezas queda atrapada inmóvil. Estar engatillado quiere decir que te has quedado &lt;em&gt;atascado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atorado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atrapado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trabado&lt;/em&gt; (no literalmente). &#xA;Una variante con un significado más específico la puedes ver en la siguiente cita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él, un corredor de bolsa con seis años de experiencia encima, afirma&#xA;  que antes de empezar negociaciones más de un operador estaba&#xA;  &quot;engatillado&quot;, como se le dice en la jerga bursátil a quien se queda&#xA;  con las ganas de comprar o vender un activo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlace a la frase original:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcolombiano.com/BancoConocimiento/N/no_hubo_transaccion_de_acciones_en_bolsa/no_hubo_transaccion_de_acciones_en_bolsa.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.elcolombiano.com/BancoConocimiento/N/no_hubo_transaccion_de_acciones_en_bolsa/no_hubo_transaccion_de_acciones_en_bolsa.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T00:20:10.043" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T00:20:10.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4326" CreationDate="2013-10-23T06:24:25.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España usamos indistintamente &quot;Caravana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE&#xA;4. f. Vehículo acondicionado para cocinar y dormir en él, con motor propio o remolcado por un automóvil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito:&#xA;Quizás barracón o barraca también pueda aplicarse al tipo de remolque del que has puesto las imágenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1985" LastEditorUserId="1985" LastEditDate="2013-10-23T10:58:27.150" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T10:58:27.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3612" CreationDate="2013-10-23T09:35:57.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión es exclusivamente usada en México y la he escuchado muchas veces pero no en los contextos que menciona @Gabriel. &#xA;Sácalepunta tiene que ver, como bien se ha explicado, con un lápiz recien afilado con el sacapuntas; de dicho lápiz coloquialmente decimos que ha quedado &quot;picudo&quot;. Alguien picudo es aquel listo, inteligente, sagaz, valiente, astuto o apto para algo específico, por lo tanto no es que presuma un objeto sino que hace derroche de sus dotes(rozando la prepotencia) ante alguna situación particular. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplo 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yo podría vencer boxeando a esos 2 hombres juntos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;apoco muy sacalepuntas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;por supuesto que si.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplo 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Este examen lo apruebo incluso sin estudiar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;apoco muy sacalepuntas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;lo que pasa es que esta clase es muy fácil para mi.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T09:35:57.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4326" CreationDate="2013-10-23T12:12:04.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;He comprobado con la RAE y el Merriam-Webster y sólo caravana parece ser correcta, también es la que más uso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Bauwagen como tal es algo bastante alemán, en España se ven más usualmente contenedores acondicionados para albergar un almacén o una oficina o bien caravanas que se usan como oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Contruction Trailer no lo acepta el Merriam-Webster, imagino que es como si dijeras carvana de construcción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T12:12:04.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4354" CreationDate="2013-10-23T15:13:02.547" Score="5" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you say &lt;em&gt;Los avestruces&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Las avestruces&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I've seen both. Maybe both are accepted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In singular it is easier, and maybe it just extrapolates to the plural. In singular it's &lt;em&gt;El avestruz&lt;/em&gt;, in order to avoid two identical vocals together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2014-10-15T09:00:58.467" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T18:40:31.240" Title="What is the article for Avestruz?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4353" CreationDate="2013-10-23T15:44:17.913" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/avestruz&quot;&gt;masculine&lt;/a&gt;, so you would say &lt;em&gt;el avestruz&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;los avestruces&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The confusion might come from &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ave&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T15:44:17.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4341" CreationDate="2013-10-23T19:45:06.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concerning the use of &lt;strong&gt;cerca&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;cercano&lt;/strong&gt; I just wanted to add the following to the discussion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of my friends say, 'Somos muy cercanos', regardless of whether or not it is grammatically correct, it is the point I use from which to differentiate between the two words. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cerca &gt; Being close to something in distance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cercano &gt; The quality of being close to something, used in a more emotional or non literal sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Aunque somos dieciséis hermanos en mi familia, siempre hemos sido muy cercanos'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Mi casa queda cerca al metro, sin embargo hago una hora a la oficina'  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="21627" LastEditDate="2019-04-16T17:35:37.773" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T17:35:37.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4356" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-23T21:06:54.017" Score="0" ViewCount="1068" Body="&lt;p&gt;De la RAE, trillo significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Instrumento para trillar, que comúnmente consiste en un tablón con pedazos de pedernal o cuchillas de acero encajadas en una de sus caras. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Can. y Am. Senda formada comúnmente por el tránsito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa en la canción de Silvio Rodríguez &lt;em&gt;Requiem&lt;/em&gt; la palabra &quot;trillos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;(...) Ojalá nunca sepas cuanto amaba,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     descubrirte los trillos de la entrega,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     ni el secreto esplendor con que esperaba,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     tu reclamo de amor que ya no llega (...)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-10-24T05:40:47.820" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T05:40:47.820" Title="¿Qué significa en esta canción &quot;los trillos de la entrega&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2013-10-23T21:35:22.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente en España no se ha usado nunca. Por lo que leo en los enlaces, al menos en parte de Sudamérica es el equivalente a nuestro título de doctor. La expresión más cercana a esto son los «títulos de máster», que se han puesto de moda con el Plan Bolonia, aunque «máster» deriva en este caso del inglés y no directamente del latín, pero se emplea «máster en» y nunca  «magister en», ni siquiera lo que se debería usar en castellano,  que sería «maestría en».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, respecto al título citado, debería ser «&lt;em&gt;Magister Scientiarum&lt;/em&gt;» a secas o especificar a qué ciencia se refiere, como dice Jose María, porque  «Magister &lt;em&gt;scientiarum&lt;/em&gt; en ciencias» es una redundancia bastante evidente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería como decir «Sobresaliente &lt;em&gt;cum laude&lt;/em&gt; con alabanzas». ¿Verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especificando a qué ciencia se refiere ya es (más o menos) comprensible que el latinajo es sólo un título académico y lo que sigue en español es el tipo de estudios realizado, aunque quedaría mucho mejor con algunas palabras adicionales aclaratorias (algo como « Título de M. Sci. en ciencias políticas») o evitar totalmente la redundancia  usando «&lt;em&gt;Magister&lt;/em&gt; en ciencias políticas», aunque así quede menos pomposo. O ya empeñados en usar el latín, no quedarse a medias y poner  «&lt;em&gt;Magister in politica scientia&lt;/em&gt;» (esto ya es bastante pedante, y a lo peor ni es correcto, porque tengo muy olvidado el latín. Quedan avisados). &lt;code&gt;:)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2013-12-10T13:57:03.587" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T13:57:03.587" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3281" CreationDate="2013-10-24T01:37:33.390" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;All regular verbs are divided in three conjugations: 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; conjugation or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; verbs, 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; conjugation or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; verbs, and 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; conjugation or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; verbs. (Although 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; and 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; are almost identical).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three non-finite forms: the &lt;strong&gt;infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;, the &lt;strong&gt;past participle&lt;/strong&gt; and the &lt;strong&gt;gerund&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are four moods: &lt;strong&gt;indicative&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;imperative&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;conditional&lt;/strong&gt;.  The indicative have four simple tenses (&lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;past&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;future&lt;/strong&gt;) and four composite tenses (perfect, plusperfect, anterior and perfect future) althoug I will skip composite tenses as they are formed by conjugating auxiliary verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; with the past participle.  The subjunctive have three simple tenses: &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;past&lt;/strong&gt; (with two forms) and &lt;strong&gt;future&lt;/strong&gt;.  The imperative and the conditional have a unique simple tense each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's begin with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as an example of a regular 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; conjugation verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Infinitive: camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ar&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;Participle: camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ado&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;Gerund:     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ando&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Infinitive mood&#xA;Person           present     imperfect     past        future&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;o&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      camin&lt;b&gt;ab&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;é&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;       camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;é&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ab&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;aste&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;ás&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      camin&lt;b&gt;ab&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ó&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;        camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;á&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;áb&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;áis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ab&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;asteis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;éis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ab&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;aron&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;án&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Subjunctive mood&#xA;Person           present     past (-ara)  past (-ase)   future&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;as&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;as&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;as&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;ár&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  camin&lt;b&gt;ás&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  camin&lt;b&gt;ár&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;éis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;as&lt;i&gt;eis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;eis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;as&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    camin&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Person           Conditional    Imperative&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     (camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  (camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ad&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     camin&lt;b&gt;arí&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    (camin&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing we can notice is thar there are a few patterns.  There are two main unstressed conjugations: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-as&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-amos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ais&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-an&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which is common in the imperfect (after &lt;strong&gt;-àb-&lt;/strong&gt;), past subjunctive (after &lt;strong&gt;-àr-&lt;/strong&gt;) and conditional (after &lt;strong&gt;-arí-&lt;/strong&gt;); and the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-eis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-en&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which is common in the subjunctives past (after &lt;strong&gt;-às-&lt;/strong&gt;) and future (after &lt;strong&gt;-àr-&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one stressed them in the future: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-é&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-á&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-èmos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-éis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-án&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  The present subjunctive is almost identical to the unstressed &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-e-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; theme, except that first and second plurals are stressed, and the present indicative is similar to the unstressed  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-a-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; theme, except for stress in first and second plural and the first singular taking an ending in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more irregular pattern is found in the past (but if you go to Spain you can forget about this past (or indefinite preterit) as they use almost exclusively perfect preterit).  This past theme is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-é&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àmos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àsteis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  (I've been using the grave accent &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;`&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to mark an unmarked stress).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we take a second conjugation regular verb as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Infinitive: beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;er&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;Participle: beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ido&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;Gerund:     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;iendo&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Infinitive mood&#xA;Person           present   imperfect  past      future&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;o&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;í&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;       beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;é&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;iste&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;ás&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ió&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;á&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;imos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;éis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;isteis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;éis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;í&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ieron&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   beb&lt;b&gt;er&lt;i&gt;án&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Subjunctive mood&#xA;Person           present   past (-ara) past (-ase) future&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ies&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;ies&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;es&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;      beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ies&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   beb&lt;b&gt;iér&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  beb&lt;b&gt;iés&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  beb&lt;b&gt;iér&lt;i&gt;emos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;áis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   camin&lt;b&gt;ies&lt;i&gt;eis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;eis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;ies&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    beb&lt;b&gt;ier&lt;i&gt;en&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Person           Conditional    Imperative&#xA;s. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; yo        beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; tú        beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;as&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;s. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; él        beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;     (beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;p. 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; nosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;  (beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;amos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;p. 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; vosotros  beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;ais&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ed&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;p. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ellos     beb&lt;b&gt;erí&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;    (beb&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;an&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in all past and future tenses we have the same pattern than first conjugation except in the sub-root: past indicative uses &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-í-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àb-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and the past and future conjunctive using &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ièr-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;,  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-iès-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, instead of  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-àr-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-às-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  The conditional and future indicative are based on the infinitive and therefore use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-er-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ar-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference is that the present indicative and present subjunctive shift cases (but first singular person in the indicative keeps the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ending), and the simple past (indefinite preterit) has a complete different theme: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-í&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ìste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ió&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ìmos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ìsteis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ièron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third conjugation is very similar to the second so I will not write it down.  Future indicative and conditional use the &lt;strong&gt;_-ir-&lt;/strong&gt; infinitive, and the present indicative first and second person plural in the present indicative are respectively &lt;i&gt;viv&lt;b&gt;imos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;viv&lt;b&gt;ís&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, as opposed to &lt;i&gt;beb&lt;b&gt;emos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;beb&lt;b&gt;éis&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperative mood.  I marked in parenthesis the first person plural, and the third persons as they are just the present subjunctive, but they are important as the third person conjugation is used for the &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; second person &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;, and I completely ignored the &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; second person as used in several places in Latin America with different degrees of acceptance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second person singular imperative is just equivalent to the second person singular present indicative without the final &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (or equal to third person singular present indicative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second person plural imperative is equivalent to change the final &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the infinitive to a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can learn by heart all these cases, or you can learn the patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the tricky part: the irregular verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most common irregularities come from verbs inherited from Latin when they had an open &lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt; in the root.  That open root evolved into Spanish as just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in unstressed positions and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;iè&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;uè&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; respectively in stressed positions.  Otherwise they are regular verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a verb like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tender&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the root is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tend-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when unstressed and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tiènd&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when stressed.  Otherwise it is regular, so remember when the conjugation is stressed (as all conjugations with a subroot) or unstressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few verbs are almost regular, but have some consonant shift in the root.  For example &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;crecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, with the root &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;crec-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; having a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;/z/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sound) will shift the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;/z/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;/zc/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when followed by an open vowel.  This affect the first person singular in the present indicative &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;crezco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and the whole present subjunctive theme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other irregular verbs have phonetically induced changes, particularly when the root ends in a palatalized (or historically palatalized) consonant, such as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  Then all roots with a week diphthong &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; will lose it: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;plañendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common irregularity comes in the future indicative and conditional when the indicative vowel is lost: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;habrá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;,  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tendrá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (note consonant added),  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabrá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there are two root-changing paradigms.  The past tense changing root, and the present tense changing root.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The past tense changing root paradigm are some irregular verbs whose simple past tense, as well as the past and future subjunctive, has a different root.  Examples are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (which are too irregular), &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  The simple past tense (indicative) of these verbs are, respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ir/ser: yo fui, tu fuiste, él fue; nosotros fuimos, vosotros fuisteis, ellos fueron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estar: &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;e, &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;iste, &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;o; &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;imos, &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;isteis, &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;ieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;caber: &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;e, &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;iste, &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;o; &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;imos, &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;isteis, &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;ieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;poner: &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;e, &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;iste, &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;o; &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;imos, &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;isteis, &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;ieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tener: &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;e, &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;iste, &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;o; &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;imos, &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;isteis, &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;ieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are also the roots for the past and future subjunctives: &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estuviera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cupiera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pusiera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tuviera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The present tense changing root paradigm, affect the root in the present tense (indicative and subjunctive) whenever it follows an open vowel.  This is similar to the cases when there is a consonant shift (v.g. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;crecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;crezco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), but with a change that goes deeper than the final consonant in the root.  This is why I don't include &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; an &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as present tense changing root paradigm, as there is only a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-n-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;→**&lt;em&gt;-ng-&lt;/em&gt;** consonant shift.  But &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;caber: yo &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;o; que yo &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;a, &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;as, &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;a; &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;amos, &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;ais, &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;an.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;poner: yo po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;o; que yo po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;a, po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;as, po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;a; po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;amos, po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;ais, po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;an.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;crecer: yo cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;o; que yo cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;a, cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;as, cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;a; cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;amos, cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;ais, cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;an.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Summary&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each verb: all regular verbs and most irregular verbs, if you have the third person conjugation you will be able derive most other conjugations: as some tenses are derived from others, we don't need all ten combinations of mood-tense.  We need: all indicative forms and present subjunctive, plus the non-finite forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So regular verbs are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;caminar: caminado, caminando; camina, caminaba, caminó, caminará; camine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;beber: bebido, bebiendo; bebe, bebía, bebió, beberá; beba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vivir: vivido, viviendo; vive, vivía, vivió, vivira; viva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some slightly irregular verbs include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;volar: volado, volando; v&lt;b&gt;ue&lt;/b&gt;la, volaba, voló, volará; v&lt;b&gt;ue&lt;/b&gt;le.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tender: tendido, tendiendo; t&lt;b&gt;ie&lt;/b&gt;nde, tendía, tendió, tenderá; t&lt;b&gt;ie&lt;/b&gt;nda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;crecer: crecido, creciendo; crece, crecía, creció, crecerá; cre&lt;b&gt;zc&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;caer: caído, ca&lt;b&gt;y&lt;/b&gt;endo; cae, caía, ca&lt;b&gt;y&lt;/b&gt;ó, caerá; ca&lt;b&gt;ig&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some root changing verbs include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;poner: &lt;b&gt;puesto&lt;/b&gt;, poniendo; pone, ponía, &lt;b&gt;pus&lt;/b&gt;o, pon&lt;b&gt;dr&lt;/b&gt;á; po&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tener: tendido, teniendo; t&lt;b&gt;ie&lt;/b&gt;ne, tenía, &lt;b&gt;tuv&lt;/b&gt;o, ten&lt;b&gt;dr&lt;/b&gt;á; te&lt;b&gt;ng&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estar: estado, estando; está, estaba, &lt;b&gt;estuv&lt;/b&gt;o, estará; est&lt;b&gt;é&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;haber: habido, habiendo; ha, había, &lt;b&gt;hub&lt;/b&gt;o, habrá; &lt;b&gt;hay&lt;/b&gt;a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;saber: sabido, sabiendo; sabe, sabía, &lt;b&gt;sup&lt;/b&gt;o, sab&lt;b&gt;r&lt;/b&gt;á; &lt;b&gt;sep&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;caber: cabido, cabiendo; cabe, cabía, &lt;b&gt;cup&lt;/b&gt;o, cab&lt;b&gt;r&lt;/b&gt;á; &lt;b&gt;quep&lt;/b&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And complete irregular verbs (some of them with monosyllabic infinitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dar: dado, dando; da, daba, dio, dará; de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ser: sido, siendo; es, era, fue, será; sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ir: ido, yendo; va, iba, fue, irá; vaya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, knowing these forms you can get most of the forms for both regular an irregular verbs.  I hope this is what you mean by &lt;strong&gt;principal parts&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few verbs have a different forms for the participle when used as adjective and as verb in composite tenses (althogh sometimes the difference blurs) such as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;imprimir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;teñir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tinto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;teñido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  So from the Latin principal forms I rather prefer the third person singular paradigm, and I add a few more tenses to show main shifts in common irregularities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T01:37:33.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4356" CreationDate="2013-10-24T02:16:31.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo importante es analizar el contexto en que se usa la palabra. Originalmente el trillo como instrumento lo que hace es dejar un rastro, sendero, camino, pero obviamente ese significado no es literal en el contexto de la canción.&#xA;La estrofa describe un encuentro físico (con tono sexual) entre la persona quien canta y su amante(que se entiende que se están separando). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá nunca sepas cuanto amaba descubrirte los trillos de la entrega&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;los trillos de la entrega es el conjunto de caricias, el lenguaje, las formas, las miradas que conllevan a una entrega de amor(encuentro sexual). En otras palabras es el camino o rastro intangible compuesto por los elementos antes mencionados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De una forma mas coloquial y explícita podría entenderse de esa frase:&#xA;*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá nunca sepas cuánto amaba todos los detalles que precedían a que&#xA;  tu me reclames(exijas) que te hiciera el amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T02:16:31.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4353" CreationDate="2013-10-24T11:31:44.720" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to complement the good &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4353/what-its-the-article-for-avestruz/4354#4354&quot;&gt;@AlexisPigeon&lt;/a&gt; answer, I want to make it clear that it's not &lt;code&gt;el avestruz&lt;/code&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;in order to avoid two same vocals together&lt;/em&gt;&quot; -which is known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cacofon%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cacofonía&lt;/a&gt;- as you said in your question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That happens with some feminine nouns such as &lt;code&gt;el agua&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;el hacha&lt;/code&gt;, but in this case it's just because &lt;code&gt;avestruz&lt;/code&gt; is a masculine noun and that's all! If you see &lt;code&gt;las avestruces&lt;/code&gt;, it's just wrong...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T11:42:03.170" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4363" CreationDate="2013-10-24T13:52:14.273" Score="6" ViewCount="4340" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una pregunta sobre fonética en el castellano antiguo. Leyendo el Quijote se puede ver que &quot;hacer&quot; se escribía &quot;facer&quot; antiguamente, al igual que muchas otras &quot;h&quot; se escibían como &quot;f&quot;, esto mismo lo he podido leer en otros libros más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mucho agravio me habedes fecho en despedirme y reprocharme con el riguroso afincamiento de mandarme no parecer ante la vuestra fermosura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún momento se empezó a cambiar esa f por h, pero, fue un cambio solo de grafía o fue un cambio realemente fonético? Quiero decir, la gente decía &quot;facer&quot; o decía &quot;hacer&quot; y escribía facer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-10-24T18:13:36.813" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T13:52:48.420" Title="Fecho fermoso y otras f más" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4362" CreationDate="2013-10-24T14:32:02.773" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una pregunta muy interesante, aunque parece ser que no existe una respuesta clara al respecto... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te aconsejo leer este &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambio_fon%C3%A9tico_%C2%ABf_%E2%86%92_h%C2%BB_del_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;completo artículo en Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que trata exclusivamente sobre este tema, donde se explican las diversas teorías que exiten actualmente sobre las causas de este fenómeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según este artículo, una de las teorías más ampliamente aceptadas es la de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Men%C3%A9ndez_Pidal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ramón Menéndez Pidal&lt;/a&gt; que atribuye el fenómeno al &lt;strong&gt;substrato vasco-cántabro-ibérico&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;em&gt;los vascos y los cántabros (y&#xA;  presumiblemente también los íberos), cuyas lenguas carecían del sonido&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;/f/&lt;em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la iban sustituyendo por una aspiración en&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;/h/&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;que,&#xA;  acústicamente, era el sonido más cercano.&lt;/em&gt; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, parece que ser que existen numerosas objeciones a esta teoría, y las conclusiones de ese mismo artículo no son demasiado satisfactorias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Los investigadores&lt;/em&gt; [...] &lt;em&gt;trataron de explicar el cambio con&#xA;  una sola y sencilla causa, cuando, en ocasiones, un solo factor no es&#xA;  el único responsable de un cambio lingüístico, sino que el proceso&#xA;  puede ser más complejo.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [...]&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;En resumen, se puede decir que nadie ha analizado satisfactoriamente&#xA;  la complejidad del fenómeno&lt;/em&gt; [...] &lt;em&gt;aunque se han realizado recientemente y &#xA;  siguen realizando nuevas invesigaciones al respecto&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T10:17:47.223" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T10:17:47.223" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1557" CreationDate="2013-10-24T14:44:56.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would &quot;recast&quot; the English expression as &quot;cornered.&quot; The Spanish equivalent would then be &lt;strong&gt;arrinconado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T14:44:56.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4362" CreationDate="2013-10-24T18:12:19.043" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy estudioso del idioma, y el artículo citado de Wikipedia es bastante informativo. Pero, la sola experiencia de leer poesía española antigua (no mucho, siglo XVI) me ha mostrado que no fue solamente &quot;un cambio solo de grafía&quot;, sino que la antigua &quot;h&quot; (escrita como &quot;f&quot;) no era muda (que el sonido fuera el mismo que la &quot;f&quot; actual es otro asunto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, toma esta estrofa de &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/poesia/canticoe.htm&quot;&gt;San Juan de la Cruz&lt;/a&gt; (1542-1591), con la grafía actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mil gracias derramando,&#xA;pasó por estos sotos con presura,&#xA;y yéndolos mirando,&#xA;con sola su figura&#xA;vestidos los dejó de hermosura. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunas versiones modernas, el último verso lo escriben: &#xA;&lt;em&gt;vestidos los dejó de &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; hermosura&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;En realidad, el original es el anterior, pero con la pronunciación actual esta segunda versión &quot;corregida&quot; suena mejor (mide 11 sílabas), mientras que en el primero es muy fuerte la tendencia a la &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinalefa&quot;&gt;sinalefa&lt;/a&gt; (pronunciar &quot;de hermosura&quot; como &quot;dermosura&quot;) con lo cual&#xA;el verso mediría mal (10 sílabas). Este inconveniente desaparece si pronunciamos &quot;hermosura&quot; como &quot;fermosura&quot; (o alguna variante de &quot;h&quot; sonora).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos otros ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T18:12:19.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4353" CreationDate="2013-10-25T06:31:08.350" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;... in order to avoid two same vocals together.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're a bit wrong here about the rules to apply in order to avoid cacofonía. Even if avestruz were female, the proper way to write it would be &quot;la avestruz&quot;. In order to apply the &quot;cacofonía avoid rule&quot; (sorry for the expresion invention) you need two conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word must start with an &quot;a&quot; (or &quot;ha&quot; for the case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The accent must be in the &quot;a&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you have to say &quot;el hacha&quot; and &quot;el águila&quot;, but on the other hand you have to say &quot;la apertura&quot; (the accent is in the &quot;u&quot;) and &quot;la ambrosía&quot; (the accent is in the &quot;i&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2012" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T18:40:31.240" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T18:40:31.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2013-10-25T08:43:51.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como han mencionado antes, la RAE establece &lt;em&gt;salir del paso&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desembarazarse de cualquier manera de un asunto, compromiso,&#xA;  dificultad, apuro o trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la traducción al inglés dependerá de aquello que se trata de esquivar, librar, evitar. Te sugiero usar las siguientes frases acorde a la situación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;librarte de algo de cualquier manera:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;get something out of the way (get rid of something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Superar o conseguir terminar una situación dificil:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;get out of a tight spot (difficulty)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Superar o conseguir terminar un problema(sin especificar la dificultad):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;get out of trouble (problem)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase que me parece mas acertada acorde con la definición de la RAE es simplemente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;get it out of the way&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2013-10-25T08:43:51.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4371" CreationDate="2013-10-25T14:50:38.460" Score="2" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;While researching a little bit about Nicaragua for my Spanish class presentation, I became curious as to why there is no good explanation for the origins of the word “pinolero” Nicaraguans sometimes use to call themselves. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinolero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt;, as of this writing, doesn’t provide any references, and the version about 70s INDEVESA pick-up is highly doubtful (more than likely, it was the other way around).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The version about &lt;em&gt;pinol&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinole&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pinole&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) sounds more plausible, but again, there are no references, and search results are scant. For what it’s worth, those results are dominated by the certain Nicaraguan blend cigars that have on the label, evidently, couple Nicas grinding maize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1irmD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="748" LastEditorUserId="748" LastEditDate="2013-10-25T15:19:25.117" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T04:42:15.027" Title="What are the origins of the demonym “pinolero”? / Orígenes del término «pinolero»" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4370" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4372" CreationDate="2013-10-25T21:09:23.270" Score="6" ViewCount="12328" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAFu8zOpj8I&quot;&gt;este video&lt;/a&gt; de Capusotto, supongo que &quot;alta llanta&quot; es un término común en Argentina. ¿Qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:07:37.943" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T04:07:37.943" Title="Significado de &quot;alta llanta&quot; en Argentina" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4369" CreationDate="2013-10-26T04:42:15.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del Español de Nicaragua&lt;/em&gt; (Dictionary of Nicaraguan Spanish) published by the Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua, &lt;em&gt;pinolero&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective (also used as a noun) used to refer to Nicaraguans, &quot;por su hábito de beber pinol&quot; (because of their habit of drinking &lt;em&gt;pinol&lt;/em&gt;). The entry above explains that &lt;em&gt;pinol&lt;/em&gt; (a drink made from toasted, ground cornmeal) comes from the Náhuatl word &lt;em&gt;pinolli&lt;/em&gt;. It doesn't go into any more details on etymology, but I'd imagine a publication of the Nicaraguan Language Academy is about as authoritative a reference as you're going to get on the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="54" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T04:42:15.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4370" CreationDate="2013-10-26T09:24:44.127" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alta o alto se usa como sinónimo de buena calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llanta significa zapatilla (creo que en otros países les dicen &quot;tenis&quot;, sería calzado deportivo); ea significado de llanta se llega, creo, por metáfora con la llanta de un auto, que sería el &quot;calzado&quot;; la llanta (una parte de la rueda) a su vez representa en realidad la rueda (el todo), si no me equivoco por metonimia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión y otras similares (alto rancho como sinónimo de buena casa, alto guiso como comida suculenta, etc) son bastante jergales e incluso marginales. Y si bien se han hecho conocidas y se han extendido hacia una comprensión más general, difícilmente se usen sin efecto humorísitico o denostativo fuera de ámbitos más o menos marginales (como es el caso de este video). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T09:24:44.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4379" CreationDate="2013-10-28T19:03:46.627" Score="3" ViewCount="714" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where do you place an adjective (or noun adjunct in the following example) in Spanish if it is understood in the English to modify more than one noun in the sentence? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Members of the classis committees, commissions, or boards shall be members of a church.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the English version, the word &quot;classis&quot; applies to all three nouns--it means &quot;classis committees,&quot; &quot;classis commissions,&quot; and &quot;classis boards.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the meaning intact if the adjective is placed at the end of the list of three nouns, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Miembros de los comités, comisiones, y juntas del clasis deberán ser miembros de una iglesia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or would it be understood in that sentence to be referring only to &quot;juntas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1981" LastEditorUserId="1981" LastEditDate="2013-11-01T12:52:57.897" LastActivityDate="2013-11-01T12:52:57.897" Title="Adjectives that modify more than one noun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4389" CreationDate="2013-10-28T21:28:13.647" Score="2" ViewCount="3729" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamo Mary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the common way to say this in English is &amp;quot;My name is Mary&amp;quot;, but the literal translation is more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I call myself Mary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wonder, if we take this in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call me Ishmael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish can we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llame Ishmael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this have the same meaning (an order/command, using the third person, to call someone by a certain name?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following on this same thought, what about this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My name is Joseph, but call me Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we say this in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamo Joseph, pero me llame Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, to differentiate between the two slightly different meanings, would it make more sense to say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Joseph, pero me llame Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is acceptable, can we use the same idea for others as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His name is Reggie, but I call him Reg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se llame Reggie, pero se llamo Reg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And wouldn't this get confusing if we tried to make this an instruction instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His name is Reggie, but call him Reg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se llame Reggie, pero se llame Reg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your name is Morgan, but he calls you Johnny??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te llames Morgan, pero te llame Johnny??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or am I completely on the wrong track, and things like this are said another way entirely?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-30T02:31:50.200" Title="llamar with names" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3349" CreationDate="2013-10-29T02:09:22.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase ''primero plato'' suena a un anglofono que esta aprendiendo español. No es correcto. Lo correcto es &lt;code&gt;primer plato&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2019" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T13:25:17.537" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T13:25:17.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4376" CreationDate="2013-10-29T03:21:40.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Err, sorry to say but you're on the wrong track. I'll see if I can take an example and answer it and see if I can enlighten you as to why, but you've really come up with some brain twisters here (at least to someone like me; English is my second language and Spanish is my first so the first thing to keep in mind is that our linguistics function differently from a basic level).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Call me Ishmael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Spanish can we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llame Ishmael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nope. Actually, and I hope this doesn't confuse you, but this is supposed to be translated as &quot;Llámame Ishmael,&quot; or &quot;Puedes llamarme Ishmael.&quot; The example that you mention, &quot;Me llame Ishmael&quot; doesn't really make sense to me, probably because &quot;llame&quot; is an alternate translation to the infinitive form of the verb (calls). You wouldn't really say &quot;Calls me Ishmael,&quot; unless in the context of &quot;He calls me Ishmael.&quot; An example of using it that way is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No le contestaré aunque me llame mil veces!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That translates as &quot;I won't answer, even if he calls me a thousand times!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Joseph, pero me llame Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proper way to get this idea across and still use &quot;call&quot; as the verb would be &quot;Mi nombre es Joseph, pero puedes llamarme Joe.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the important thing to keep in mind here is that translations don't really work very well when going for a one-to-one translation ratio. What may sound like proper grammar to someone when translating may just confuse someone who speaks the language for which it was translated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really hope this helps, but if not, at least it doesn't confuse you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have enough points to comment yet, so I'm answering your comment from my post. What I understand is you want the imperative declaration for someone to call you a name or nickname. &quot;Call me Robert.&quot; Where we live we'd use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llámame Robert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this isn't recognized as proper Spanish by the Real Academia Española, those strict stooges hah! A way to get that message across that's bound to be recognized by the RAE (but uses more words) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que me llames Robert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That translate as &quot;You should (or must) call me Robert.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll give you a few alternatives based on your example in the comment with translations so you can pick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can call me Robert.&quot; &quot;Oh, but I want to call you Bob!&quot; &quot;No. Call me Robert.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Puedes llamarme Robert». ¡«Pero quiero llamarte Bob»! «No. Llámame Robert». - This is not acceptable by the Real Academia Española. Works fine at least in Puerto Rico though and the final sentence translates as &quot;No. Call me Robert,&quot; which is pretty much the original idea word for word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Puedes llamarme Robert». ¡«Pero quiero llamarte Bob»! «No. Vas a llamarme Robert». - The final sentence translates as &quot;No. You will call me Robert.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Puedes llamarme Robert». ¡«Pero quiero llamarte Bob»! «No. Quiero que me llames Robert». - The final sentence translates as &quot;No. I want you to call me Robert.&quot; This is probably the most imperative way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2020" LastEditorUserId="2020" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T14:54:49.267" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T14:54:49.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4375" CreationDate="2013-10-29T09:04:47.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation is almost correct. This works more or less as in English, with the obvious difference that adjective goes at the end, not at the beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I write &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; because you made two small mistakes unrelated with what you ask here. Correction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los miembros de los comités, comisiones o juntas del classis deberán&#xA;  ser miembros de una iglesia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T09:04:47.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4393" CreationDate="2013-10-29T12:13:07.927" Score="4" ViewCount="1133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what kind of word is &quot;me&quot; in the phrase &quot;me llevo este&quot; (meaning I'll take this one). Is it a reflexive verb? How can you tell?&#xA;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2021" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-26T11:21:31.063" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T23:01:35.050" Title="Use of &quot;me&quot; in the phrase &quot;me llevo este&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4390" CreationDate="2013-10-29T12:37:59.460" Score="4" ViewCount="7837" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1069/1821&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; points out, &lt;code&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Pretérito indefinido&lt;/code&gt; refer to the same tense. This is actually quite confusing to me, because this tense is used for actions in the past that happened at a particular (=definite) time while &lt;code&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/code&gt;, in contrast, is used when an action is not restricted to a specific time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer llovió. (Yesterday it rained.)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cuando era niño iba a la escuela. (When I was a child, I went to school.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, there's a particular time given (yesterday). It's definite when the action happened. In the latter sentence, however, there's just a vague time frame given (being a child) and that I used to go to school (=often, regularly) at that time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion's got solidified when I read &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbtenses/a/past_tenses_distinguished.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;. This article explains when you should use which past tense. And they say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to distinguish the two verb forms is to think of preterite as definite and the imperfect as indefinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this source actually confirms that &lt;code&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/code&gt; is considered definite and &lt;code&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/code&gt; is considered indefinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, why is &lt;code&gt;Pretérito indefinido&lt;/code&gt; referring to the definite past tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T09:06:19.213" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T09:08:35.907" Title="Why is the &quot;Pretérito perfecto simple&quot; also called &quot;Pretérito indefinido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4380" CreationDate="2013-10-29T12:50:42.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's reflexive. The verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/llevarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;llevarse&lt;/a&gt; (algo)&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to take (something)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All reflexive verbs end in &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;. If you don't recognize a verb as reflexive at first glance, you might ask yourself if it makes sense as a reflexive verb. &lt;em&gt;Llover&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to rain&lt;/em&gt;), for instance, wouldn't make sense in the reflexive form. However, some verbs change their meaning when being reflexive; though, the change is comprehensible (&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to go&lt;/em&gt;) -&gt; &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to go away&lt;/em&gt;), or &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to call&lt;/em&gt;) -&gt; &lt;em&gt;lamarse&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to be called&lt;/em&gt;)). If you unsure if a verb is reflexive, you can check a dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might also be a little more obvious when phrasing the sentence this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a llevarme este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is closer to the infinitive &lt;em&gt;llevarse&lt;/em&gt;, just instead of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; the first person reflexive form &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amendment:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Forgot to answer the actual question. &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; is a reflexive pronoun (pronombres reflexivos). The full list is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(yo) me (=myself)&#xA;(tú) te (=yourself(informal))&#xA;(él, ella, usted) se (=himself/herself/yourself(formal))&#xA;(nosotros, nosotras) nos (=ourselves)&#xA;(vosotros, vosotras) os (=yourselves)&#xA;(ellos, ellas, ustedes) se (=themselves, yourselves(formal))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reflexive pronouns&lt;/em&gt; are either &lt;em&gt;dative (indirect object) or accusative (direct object) personal pronoun&lt;/em&gt;. Thus, at first glance you may not be able to tell if a personal pronoun is reflexive or not. As &lt;em&gt;reflexive pronouns&lt;/em&gt; must match the person in the nominative case (the subject), you must check if the pronoun refers to subject. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) me llamo...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Yo) te llamo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, there's a match between subject and object. Thus, the sentence means &lt;em&gt;My name is&lt;/em&gt; or literally more closely ~ &lt;em&gt;I am called&lt;/em&gt;. The reflexive verb is &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the latter one, there's no match between subject and object. Thus, the sentence means &lt;em&gt;I'll call you&lt;/em&gt;. The verb is just &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T14:42:51.930" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T14:42:51.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4385" CreationDate="2013-10-29T13:57:37.027" Score="6" ViewCount="30968" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el gentilicio correcto para hacer referencia a las personas que viven en Alaska?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T13:41:03.417" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T13:41:03.417" Title="¿Cuál es el gentilicio de las personas de Alaska?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4387" CreationDate="2013-10-29T14:50:02.083" Score="6" ViewCount="6987" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across at least 2 words: &lt;strong&gt;pila&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;fregadero&lt;/strong&gt;. Do they really mean exactly the same thing or are there any subtle differences? Can they also be used for the &lt;em&gt;washbowl&lt;/em&gt; that is not in the kitchen? Are there any other words in Spanish for the &lt;em&gt;sink&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;washbowl&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;wash-basin&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2017-01-15T13:32:15.243" Title="Spanish for “sink”" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4383" CreationDate="2013-10-29T15:58:43.920" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE indica &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/alasque%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;alasqueño/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/alaske%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;alaskeño/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras propuestas como &lt;em&gt;alaskano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alaskiano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alaskense&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alascense&lt;/em&gt; se pueden encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://translationjournal.net/journal//30gentilicios.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, pero no son reconocidas por la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T16:03:55.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2013-10-29T16:00:53.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess this is very region dependent. I understand &quot;fregadero&quot; because of dubbings, but in my neck of the woods (Argentina) nobody ever says &quot;fregadero&quot;; here it's &quot;pileta de lavar&quot; (or just &quot;pileta&quot;); &quot;bacha&quot; is also used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="492" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T16:00:53.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2013-10-29T16:51:38.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are ok, it depends on where are located at your house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pila&lt;/strong&gt; is according to RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pieza grande de piedra o de otra materia, cóncava y profunda, donde cae o se echa el agua para varios usos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;strong&gt;fregadero&lt;/strong&gt; is a pila where to wash/clean. According to RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pila de fregar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain &lt;em&gt;fregadero&lt;/em&gt; can be outdoors at a terrace for example when you are speaking about the one you use to clean your clothers so you will hang the clothes out to dry, or the &lt;em&gt;fregadero&lt;/em&gt; inside the kitchen used to wash/clean your plates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pila&lt;/em&gt; is in the bathroom. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About washbowl is &lt;em&gt;palangana&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T18:32:27.050" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T18:32:27.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4404" CreationDate="2013-10-29T18:11:58.597" Score="4" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber una frase para responder cuando alguien te interrumpa, y solo quieres decir lo que quieres decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un amigo mío de Colombia sugirió la frase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;solo escúchame&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber otras frases posibles que no son tan obvias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He puesto un ejemplo a continuación para que lo entendáis mejor. Gracias de antemano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan: Lo tendré en cuenta. Escucha, ¿Me haces un favor? Es que María&#xA;  tiene ante sí el mismo destino grandioso que el elegido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel: Otra vez con esa mierda...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan: (just hear me out)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T16:18:15.937" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T16:18:15.937" Title="¿Cuál sería una equivalente de -just hear me out- en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4376" CreationDate="2013-10-29T18:31:14.463" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is one structure that many linguists use but is seldom referred by grammarians in either English or Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;the middle voice&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know the active voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;María vende pan.&lt;/em&gt; | Mary sells bread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El pan es vendido (por María).&lt;/em&gt; | Bread is sold (by Mary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The passive voice can have an explicit agent (“by Mary”) or a tacit agent: “Bread is sold (period).“  The middle voice can be thought of as a passive voice &lt;strong&gt;without&lt;/strong&gt; any explicit or tacit agent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El pan se vende.&lt;/em&gt; | Bread sells.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English the middle voice is very uncommon, few verbs admit middle voice and there is no grammatical mark from an active voice: “Mary sells” v/s “bread sells”.  OTOH, middle voice is common in Spanish and looks grammatically as reflexive.  Note that in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El pan se vende.&lt;/em&gt; | Bread sells. / Bread sells itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not bread the one making the sale, but what is sold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo me llamo Carlos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is more similar to a middle voice.  It does not mean that I call myself Carlos but rather that people call me Carlos, regardless of people actually calling me Carlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, an expression as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo me llamo por teléfono.&lt;/em&gt; | I call myself by phone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a really reflexive action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish language grammarians call &lt;em&gt;«llamarse»&lt;/em&gt; a pronominal verb, rather than a reflexive verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronominal verbs use a reflexive pronoun, but do not have a reflexive meaning.  Some times the pronominal verbs have a middle voice function, and sometimes it is a different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the phrasal verbs sometimes have a complete different meaning than the meaning of its parts: “to make up” is not the combination of “to make” and “up”, so it cannot be translated as &lt;em&gt;«hacer hacia arriba»&lt;/em&gt; or any similar expression in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo me llamo Carlos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;shall not be translated, and shall not be though as meaning “I call myself Carlos.”  It is translated as.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My name is Carlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me llamo José, pero dime Pepe.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different ways to convey the meaning you expect of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My name is Joseph, but call me Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me llamo Joseph.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Mi nombre es Joseph&lt;/em&gt;. / &lt;em&gt;Joseph dice la tarjeta/el pasaporte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero dime Joe.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Pero soy Joe para los amigos.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Pero llámame Joe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you want the contrast between &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me llamo Joseph, pero llámame Joe.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first construction is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[(tacit) nominal pronoun] + [pronominal verb _llamarse_ in indicative] + [the name]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Yo) me llamo Carlos.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;(Ella) se llama María.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;(Tú) te llamas Joseph.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second construction is (in imperative):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[transitive verb _llamar_ in imperative] + [enclitic pronoun of direct object] + [the name]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llámeme Carlitos.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Llamadla Marucha.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Llámate Pepe.&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note: &lt;em&gt;«Llama»/«llámame»&lt;/em&gt; is the imperative for &lt;em&gt;«usted»&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;«llamad/llamadla»&lt;/em&gt; is imperative for &lt;em&gt;«vosotros»&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want an imperative but rather an indicative sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se llama Joseph, pero lo llaman Joe.&lt;/em&gt; | His name is Joseph, but they call him Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the first is the pronominal verb &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt;, while the second one is the transitive verb &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most of these examples, I would rather use the verb &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; for the second part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might not make sense to you if you translate &lt;em&gt;«decir»&lt;/em&gt; as “to say”/“to tell”, but another meaning of &lt;em&gt;«decir»&lt;/em&gt; is “to call &lt;em&gt;smthg&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;smhw&lt;/em&gt;”, particularly when used with an enclitic pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo se le dice a donde se dobla el brazo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Codo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— How do you call where the arm bends?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Elbow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to say what you want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My name is Joseph, but call me Joe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me llamo Joseph, pero dime Joe.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-30T02:31:50.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4381" CreationDate="2013-10-29T19:22:50.353" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;“Indefinido” in this case is meant to be the translation of Greek “aoristos”, which means “undefined, unlimited, indeterminate”, and is a verbal tense in Ancient Greek. RAE chose it to highlight the contrast between that verbal tense and its compound counterpart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It wasn't a fortunate naming, and in 1973 they changed it to “pretérito perfecto simple”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything you wanted to know about “pretérito indefinido” and “aorist”: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro/ARCHIVO-Foro/Indefinido%20y%20aoristo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro/ARCHIVO-Foro/Indefinido%20y%20aoristo.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2020-05-05T14:18:08.423" LastActivityDate="2020-05-05T14:18:08.423" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4381" CreationDate="2013-10-29T20:25:05.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I learned grammar at school (ca. 1983) they used two different naming systems for the verbal tenses.  They were called &amp;quot;Spanish&amp;quot; (as from Spain) and &amp;quot;Andrés Bello&amp;quot; (in reference to the 19th century scholar who described it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the indicative mood, the tenses were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple tenses&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presente simple (S) = Presente (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;camino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito indefinido (S) = Pasado (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caminé&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito imperfecto (S) = Pretérito (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caminaba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Futuro imperfecto (S) = Futuro (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caminaré&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Composite tenses&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto (S) = Antepresente (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;he caminado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito anterior (S) = Antepasado (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hube caminado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto (S) = Antepretérito (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;había caminado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Futuro perfecto (S) = Antefuturo (AB): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habré caminado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the reference by Angus, the RAE made the change in 1973, however it had not permeated the Colombian school system by 1983.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that in some places, particularly in Spain, the (composite) perfect past &lt;em&gt;«he caminado»&lt;/em&gt; is used in most places I would use the simple (perfect) past &lt;em&gt;«caminé»&lt;/em&gt;.  There is very little semantic difference between both constructions, particularly when used in positive sentences with indefinite time frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caminé tres kilómetros.&lt;/em&gt; -- I walked two miles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He caminado tres kilómetros.&lt;/em&gt; -- I've walked two miles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(For me, when used with a definite time frame, the composite sentence sounds too European Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al medio día comí pasta.&lt;/em&gt; -- At noon, I ate pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al medio día he comido pasta.&lt;/em&gt; -- At noon, I've eaten pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in the negative, there is a significant difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me comí la ensalda.&lt;/em&gt; -- I didn't eat the salad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me he comido la ensalada.&lt;/em&gt; -- I haven't eaten the salad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple tense with the negative implies that the act of not eating salad is done: I stopped eating my lunch and I left the salad (and won't eat it later).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The composite, on the other hand, means that the act of eating the salad is not 'perfected' (negation of the perfect) yet.  I haven't finished eating my lunch and so far I have not eaten the salad but I may still do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In those three examples the imperfect has a completely different sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caminaba tres kilómetros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on context, it means that I used to walk a couple of miles or that during a time frame defined by me walking the two miles something else happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al medio día comía pasta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm beginning to tell a story and I set the scenario: It was noon and I was eating pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me comía la ensalada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also the setting for a story-telling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T09:08:35.907" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T09:08:35.907" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-29T20:45:49.470" Score="3" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;When constructing sentences I am not certain whether or not to use &quot;a&quot; prior to an infinitive.  Considering the infinitive itself means - to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;___&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a leer&quot; - I go to read &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero leer&quot; - I want to read&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El sabe leer&quot; - He knows how to read&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is every situation different? I am looking for an overall perspective on this issue/topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a similar post : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;◾When to add prepositions before an infinitive verb (por/para/a/de)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking more specifically for how to know when or not to use &quot;a&quot; when in English one would say &quot;to.&quot;  Example - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It is important to learn correctly&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how would that be translated - with or without &quot;a&quot; and, if time, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might it be better to translate &quot;Es importante que aprender correctamente&quot; with que?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, is it &quot;Es importante aprender...&quot; or &quot;Es importante a aprender ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each situation seems nuanced and maybe often requires other words such as &quot;para&quot;,  etc., or that often the English idea just needs to be restated/phrased in a &quot;Spanish way.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2023" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-10-30T09:46:46.767" LastActivityDate="2013-11-21T17:44:07.163" Title="Information or resources on the correct use of &quot;a&quot;/prepositions with infinitive verbs" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4380" CreationDate="2013-10-29T20:51:41.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some grammarians call &lt;em&gt;pronominal verbs&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;verbos pronominales&lt;/em&gt;) those verbs that use a reflexive pronoun but do not have a reflexive meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reflexive pronoun can appear in five basic cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;True reflexive verbs or reflexive actions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pedro &lt;strong&gt;se llamó&lt;/strong&gt; a la casa desde el celular.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; Pedro rang himself home from his mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reciprocal actions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan y María &lt;strong&gt;se llaman&lt;/strong&gt; todas las noches.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; Juan and María phone eachother every night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Middle voice (similar to passive voice but with no implicit agent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al aguacate &lt;strong&gt;se le llama&lt;/strong&gt; palta en el sur.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; They call avocado as palta in the South.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronominal, which just mean a shifted or different meaning than the non-pronominal verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;se llama&lt;/strong&gt; José.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; His name is José.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Impersonal, when no subject is explicit or implicit (tacit).  This uses exclusively the third person reflexive pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Inglaterra &lt;strong&gt;se llama&lt;/strong&gt; marcando 44.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; You ring to England by dialing 44.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example you give:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a llevarme este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is rather a case of pronominal verb.  The meaning of &lt;em&gt;«llevar»&lt;/em&gt; shifts from just carrying into taking (and carrying) &lt;em&gt;«llevarse»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example is not exact but it is similar to some phrasal verbs in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will take that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will take that in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the particle “in” has no meaning on its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-11-26T10:29:38.887" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T10:29:38.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4388" CreationDate="2013-10-29T21:11:23.847" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La opción que te propuso tu amigo es totalmente válida y podrías usarla con múltiples ligeras variaciones, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Tú escucha!, ¡Primero escucha!, ¡Escúchame!, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existen otras opciones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Atiende!, ¡Hazme caso!, ¡Espera!, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la que en mi opinión es la mejor opción, y la que yo usaría para traducir &lt;code&gt;hear out&lt;/code&gt; en este caso, sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Déjame terminar!&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;¡Déjame acabar!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, déjame indicarte que en el diálogo que escribiste, en la pregunta &lt;code&gt;¿Me haces un favor?&lt;/code&gt;, no deberías usar la &lt;code&gt;M&lt;/code&gt; mayúscula, ya que la pregunta viene precedida de una coma &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;. Recuerda que el símbolo de interrogación &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt; no provoca que la siguiente palabra se escriba con mayúscula...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T22:38:06.927" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T22:38:06.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4396" CreationDate="2013-10-29T21:31:30.693" Score="8" ViewCount="3219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just find utterly curious that &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=chulada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chulada&lt;/a&gt; has almost opposite meanings depending on the country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;chulada. (De chulo).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción indecorosa, propia de gente de mala educación o ruin condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Guat. y Méx. Belleza de las personas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to find out an evolution process for this word, but I haven't been succesful. Has somebody an idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T00:04:53.543" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T22:21:55.117" Title="How come &quot;chulada&quot; in Spain is almost an antonym from it's meaning in Guatemala and Mexico?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4395" CreationDate="2013-10-29T22:37:20.050" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to say that I'm really surprised about the first definition of &lt;code&gt;chulada&lt;/code&gt; you included, I had never heard it with that meaning... I may use &lt;code&gt;chulería&lt;/code&gt; with that sense...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously it should be correct because it's in the dicionary, but I'd only use the word &lt;code&gt;chulada&lt;/code&gt; with the meaning of the second definition in the dictionary -which you omitted-:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dicho o hecho gracioso con cierta soltura y desenfado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in this case, the meanings in Spain and in Guatemala and México seem to be much more similar, don't they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-10-30T09:48:20.773" LastActivityDate="2013-10-30T09:48:20.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4375" CreationDate="2013-10-31T05:22:12.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since it refers to religious matters, I'm understanding that &lt;em&gt;classis&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &lt;em&gt;claustro&lt;/em&gt; which refers to a person in a higher religious position amoung church, therefore, the correct translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miembros de los comités, comisiones, y juntas del claustro deberán ser miembros de una iglesia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2030" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-10-31T11:29:49.340" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T11:29:49.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2013-10-31T05:40:39.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guapo&lt;/strong&gt; is a word which, in some countries, when applied to men, means aggressive and prone to fighting, and is best avoided (for women, too).  This is particularly true in some regions.  For example, careful with calling a male &quot;guapo&quot; in Puerto Rico.  It could definitely cause a fight.  But you can safely use guapo in Spain because it doesn't carry this same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bella&lt;/strong&gt; is the highest compliment to any woman. It is like saying she's perfect and perceived by the receiver as if. We use hermosa to describe things like countries, so it's more often used nowadays for patriotic expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bonito&lt;/strong&gt; is not used to describe a person's appearance because it refers to a fish.  It also used to be some type of slang expression with pejorative symbolic meaning at some point in the 90's. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lindo&lt;/strong&gt; is mostly used, as someone said, for kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cool thing about Spanish?  It's like Italian in Italy, different by country (by Block in Italy). I'm speaking Puerto Rican Spanish, accepted as a variation of the language with its own dictionary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish language is amazing. If you are confused with lindo, hermoso, bello, guapo and bonito, try te amo, te quiero, te tengo cariño y te adoro and you'll love it. I love all of them, they express different kinds of love feelings related to different people in our lives. English does not offer this and Spanish does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2030" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T19:14:41.210" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T19:14:41.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4392" CreationDate="2013-10-31T12:52:07.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, the correct translation of &lt;em&gt;Voy a leer&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;I'm going to read&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, &lt;em&gt;Es importante que aprender correctamente&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect; you don't use &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; in that situation. The correct sentence is just &lt;em&gt;Es importante aprender correctamente&lt;/em&gt; or, better, &lt;em&gt;Es importante aprender bien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, to the main question. Movement verbs such as &lt;em&gt;to go&lt;/em&gt; are usually followed by the preposition &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; and the place you are moving towards:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to London.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kids went to school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the same happens in Spanish, but with the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not so in non-movement verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want a new car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the procedure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that, in English, the infinitive is formed with &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; + verb. So you would sometimes need to use &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; twice; first the preposition, and then as part of the infinitive. In this case, the second &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; is omitted, so you may not notice that it is also used because of the movement verb, not just the infinitive. In Spanish this does not happen, so the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; remains even when used with an infinitive. With movement verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a Londres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los niños han ido a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With non-movement verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero un coche nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conozco el procedimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él sabe leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T12:52:07.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4388" CreationDate="2013-10-31T19:58:19.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina diríamos solamente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escuchame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me parece mucho más natural. Aunque depende del lugar obviamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es muy común acompañar esto con gestos, indicándole a la otra persona que espere. Es decir por ejemplo abrir la mano y moverla ligeramente de forma horizontal, queriendo indicar un&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espera, Calmate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para que la otra persona se dedique a escuchar lo que tenés para decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="374" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T19:58:19.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4402" CreationDate="2013-10-31T20:25:49.900" Score="3" ViewCount="18972" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy redactando un documento de adiestramiento y me encuentro con una duda sobre el uso de esta palabra. La oración es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La idea es decirle a los integrantes qué se les va a presentar durante el día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que debo utilizar «decirle», pero Microsoft Word me lo marca como error y me sugiere utilizar «decirles».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2020" LastActivityDate="2020-09-27T02:10:16.430" Title="¿Debo utilizar «decirle» o «decirles»?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4401" CreationDate="2013-11-01T00:21:09.670" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Microsoft Word&lt;/em&gt; está en lo correcto.  El pronombre enclítico debe concordar aquí con el objeto indirecto (&quot;los integrantes&quot;) y por lo tanto va en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo mi tendencia sería también a usar el singular (pues me suena mejor y más natural) pero no lo haría en un documento serio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-01T00:21:09.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4326" CreationDate="2013-11-01T02:08:05.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde España tu puedes usar &quot;Caravana&quot;, o &quot;roulotte&quot; (femenino, la roulotte, ) y todo el mundo te entenderá. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2033" LastActivityDate="2013-11-01T02:08:05.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4388" CreationDate="2013-11-01T02:22:55.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solo escúchame&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la frase más usual completa es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;solo escúchame un momento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ya, pero escúchame&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oído en España...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2033" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-11-08T14:40:10.543" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T14:40:10.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4406" CreationDate="2013-11-01T22:19:14.973" Score="1" ViewCount="7735" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I remember from my basic Spanish class, my teacher used to use the phrase &lt;strong&gt;Claro que si&lt;/strong&gt; for the English phrase &lt;strong&gt;Of course&lt;/strong&gt;. But, most of the translators like Google translate and all show the following results: &lt;em&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Desde luego&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Claro está&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how actually do we say Of course in Spanish language(Spoken in Spain)? And, which one is actually the closest to Of course in literal meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1667" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-02T01:14:30.507" LastActivityDate="2013-11-10T05:28:50.970" Title="Spanish for &quot;Of course&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4405" CreationDate="2013-11-02T00:24:57.870" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to say &quot;of course&quot; in Spanish, just as there are in English.  &quot;Of course&quot; is an idiomatic expression, which means it cannot be translated literally ('de curso' doesn't really mean anything in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English (some are context-dependent):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Of course&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Absolutely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;D'uh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yeah&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Clearly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Without a doubt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Undoubtedly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It goes without saying&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sure / Surely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Naturally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish (again, some are context-dependent):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Claro que sí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Claro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Definitivamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Desde luego&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Claro está&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sin duda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Naturalmente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Seguro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-05T15:10:31.497" LastActivityDate="2013-11-05T15:10:31.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4407" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-11-03T19:57:34.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:53:25.807" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:53:25.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4408" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-11-03T19:57:34.573" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Argentina / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Argentina." OwnerUserId="1285" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:53:25.807" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:53:25.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2013-11-04T09:13:45.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds to me that 'good morning' is said more as a greeting and 'Good day' is more of a wishing good luck type of thing? maybe thats the difference as German and English (which has become from German and Spanish predominantley) are pretty formal , where latin america is far more relaxed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2039" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T09:13:45.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4413" CreationDate="2013-11-05T09:17:20.550" Score="3" ViewCount="5521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read three different words with seemingly no difference in meaning: &lt;strong&gt;panza&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;barriga&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;vientre&lt;/strong&gt;. Are there regional differences in usage? Or do they differ in degrees of formality? I am not referring to &lt;strong&gt;estómago&lt;/strong&gt; because it’s the external body part that I am talking about here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2013-11-05T14:46:35.340" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T18:10:25.827" Title="Spanish for “belly”" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4410" CreationDate="2013-11-05T11:04:16.583" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;em&gt;«vientre»&lt;/em&gt; as the anatomical description of the area (both interior and exterior and without consideration of size), similar to &lt;em&gt;«abdomen»&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;«barriga»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«panza»&lt;/em&gt; would be more used for a slightly rounded or greatly over-sized one from an external point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the official definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vientre.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;venter, -tris&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Anat.&lt;/em&gt; Cavidad del cuerpo de los animales vertebrados, en la que se contienen los órganos principales del aparato digestivo y del genitourinario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Anat.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de las vísceras contenidas en esta cavidad, especialmente después de extraídas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Anat.&lt;/em&gt; Región exterior del cuerpo, correspondiente al abdomen, que es anterior en el hombre e inferior en los demás vertebrados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Feto o preñado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; panza (‖ de las vasijas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Cavidad grande e interior de una cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;«vientre»&lt;/em&gt; does refer to the anatomical cavity (1.), the external anatomical region (3.), and the bowels in the abdomen (2.), although I have not seen much or would use this meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;barriga.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Quizá de &lt;em&gt;barrica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; vientre (‖ cavidad del cuerpo de los vertebrados).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Parte media abultada de una vasija, columna, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Comba que hace una pared.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; vientre (‖ conjunto de vísceras).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Región exterior del cuerpo humano correspondiente al abdomen, especialmente si es abultado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So meanings 2. and 3. of &lt;em&gt;«barriga»&lt;/em&gt; refer to a bulky part or a warp in some objects., while meanings 1. and 4. refer to anatomical &lt;em&gt;«vientre»&lt;/em&gt; (meanings 1. and 2. respectively).  Personally I would seldom use them in those anatomical contexts but mainly as in meaning 5.: “external region of the human body equivalent to abdomen, especially if bulky.” - the fact that is the fifth meaning might suggest a regional variation but I have probably heard it in rather this context than referring to the bowels or the anatomical cavity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;panza.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;pantex, -ĭcis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Barriga o vientre, especialmente el muy abultado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Parte convexa y más saliente de ciertas vasijas o de otras cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f. Zool.&lt;/em&gt; Primera de las cuatro cavidades en que se divide el estómago de los rumiantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;«panza»&lt;/em&gt; does mean the bulky &lt;em&gt;«barriga»&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;«vientre»&lt;/em&gt;, as well as the bulky part of other objects.  (and the cow's stomachs.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-05T11:04:16.583" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2211" CreationDate="2013-11-05T13:33:38.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por cierto&quot; normally means &quot;by the way&quot; but it's not always true, like in &quot;cuando algo es tomado por cierto...&quot; or &quot;por cierto objeto&quot;, if &quot;por cierto&quot; is used just &quot;por cierto&quot; and &quot;por cierto,&quot; means &quot;by the way&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2045" LastActivityDate="2013-11-05T13:33:38.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4410" CreationDate="2013-11-06T17:14:42.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vientre&quot; is the most formal or technical. It's also quite ample: it can be used for the external as for the internal (&quot;dolor de vientre&quot; = &quot;dolor de estómago&quot;) and also for the viscera. &quot;Ir de vientre&quot; is an euphemism (usual in medical conversation) for &quot;defecate&quot;. It can even mean &quot;womb&quot; (but this is an archaism, from the latin: the christian prayer &quot;Ave Maria&quot; reads &quot;Bendito el fruto de tu vientre&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Barriga&quot; is most informal-coloquial. It refers mainly to the visible exterior, specially when it's prominent (belly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Panza&quot; is similar to &quot;barriga&quot;, it's more used here (Argentina; I rarely say or hear &quot;barriga&quot;). In case of a stomach-ache, a kid would say &quot;Me duele la panza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: one might say &quot;Juan tiene panza&quot; as an equivalent &quot;Juan tiene mucha panza&quot; (John is fat - abdominally obese). One would never use &quot;vientre&quot; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some places (Spain, I believe) the word &quot;tripa&quot; is used instead of &quot;panza&quot;.  That sounds strange in Argentina, where &quot;tripa&quot; means basically &quot;viscera&quot; or &quot;intestine&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-11-07T12:01:15.813" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T12:01:15.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4416" CreationDate="2013-11-07T21:38:11.477" Score="2" ViewCount="10661" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para cuando&lt;/strong&gt; me di cuenta, ya era demasiado tarde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Cuando&lt;/strong&gt; me di cuenta, ya era demasiado tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna diferencia en el signficado de estas oraciones? ¿Es correcto el uso de &quot;para cuando&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas me parecen correctas, mas no sé exactamente cual es la diferencia. Quizá la razon por la que &quot;para cuando&quot; me parece correcta es por la frase en ingles &quot;by the time ...&quot; pero no quiere decir que lo sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2013-11-08T10:28:13.147" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T19:53:56.420" Title="&quot;para cuando&quot; vs &quot;cuando&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4415" CreationDate="2013-11-08T01:09:58.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas, en sintaxis pertenecen al grupo de oraciones subordinadas adverbiales de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración subordinada porque en ambas frases una oración depende de la otra, no son independientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El 'cuando' en ambas determina el tiempo del verbo. Ni antes ni después, justo en ese momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando me di cuenta...entonces era demasiado tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando me di cuenta...entonces era demasiado tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avempace.com/file_download/380/15-subordinadasadverbiales.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documento&lt;/a&gt;, copio una parte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las subordinadas temporales pueden tener distintas estructuras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introducidas por el adverbio relativo cuando (sin antecedente expreso): Nos&#xA;  (CCT) vemos cuando acabe el curso (CCT-PS Adv)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introducidas por otros nexos equivalentes que expresan tiempo: mientras, antes (de) que, después (de) que, en cuanto, apenas, al tiempo que, en tanto (que), no bien, a medida que, según, desde que…&#xA;  Ejs.: En cuanto termines, (CPrep-PS Adv T) ven aquí. Mientras esperamos, (CCT-PS Adv) tomemos una caña….&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Para' actúa como nexo en la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando vengas tú (CPrep-CCT) ya me habré ido yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para cuando no es incorrecta como demuestra en el libro &lt;em&gt;La puntuación al alcance de todos escrito por Myriam Bustos Arrati&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las oraciones subordinadas adverbiales de tiempo van encabezadas generalmente por alguno de los siguientes elementos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando(a veces, precedido de preposición: para cuando)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el primer ejemplo se podría decir &lt;em&gt;Para cuando quise darme cuenta, ya era demasiado tarde&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-11-08T01:18:57.363" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T01:18:57.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2013-11-08T05:48:35.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bonnieplants.com/products/herbs/culantro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bonnieplants.com/products/herbs/culantro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico we use this and in other parts of various islands. It is a wonderful woodsy herb and can EASILY take Cilantro's part... For 3 leaves in one stew it can easily replace a whole bunch of cilantro.Literally a whole bunch. Save yourself the cash and use the Culantro for a better flavor and fragrant delicious stew.I wish you good cooking !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2064" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T05:48:35.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2013-11-08T11:15:16.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia articles &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eryngium_foetidum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriandrum_sativum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroselinum_crispum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, there are three related species:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;en:&lt;/strong&gt; culantro, Mexican coriander and long coriander; &lt;strong&gt;es:&lt;/strong&gt; coriandro, cimarrón, culantro or recao), is originary from the tropical Americas (probably from Mexico), and has different common names including:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YBjEE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Eryngium foetidum&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;«samat»&lt;/em&gt; (Guatemala), &lt;em&gt;«cilantro de monte»&lt;/em&gt; (Venezuela), &lt;em&gt;«culantro de pata»&lt;/em&gt; (Honduras), &lt;em&gt;«culantro»&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;«chicoria»&lt;/em&gt; (Nicaragua, Panamá, Cuba), &lt;em&gt;«cilantro ancho»&lt;/em&gt; (República Dominicana), &lt;em&gt;«recao»&lt;/em&gt; (Puerto Rico), &lt;em&gt;«culantro mexicano»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«culantro habanero»&lt;/em&gt;, (México), &lt;em&gt;«culantro coyote»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«alcapate»&lt;/em&gt; (El Salvador), &lt;em&gt;«sacha culantro»&lt;/em&gt; (Perú), &lt;em&gt;«orégano de Cartagena»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«cilantro habanero»&lt;/em&gt; (España), &lt;em&gt;«culantro cimarrón»&lt;/em&gt; (Colombia), &lt;em&gt;«culantro coyote»&lt;/em&gt; (Costa Rica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't recognize the leave or the name, but that's probably because I am from Bogotá (relatively cold weather in the mountain) where the Old World coriander (see bellow) is more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coriandrum sativum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;en:&lt;/strong&gt; coriander, cilantro, Chinese parsley or dhania; &lt;strong&gt;es:&lt;/strong&gt; cilantro) is probably originary from the Mediterranean.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OUJ0o.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;While &lt;em&gt;«cilantro»&lt;/em&gt; is the most common name in all the Spanish speaking world, the name &lt;em&gt;«culantro»&lt;/em&gt; is also used in Perú and Honduras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the English name “coriander”, the Latin &lt;em&gt;coriandrum&lt;/em&gt; and the Spanish &lt;em&gt;«culantro»&lt;/em&gt; are cognates (word with a common etymology) (from Greek &lt;strong&gt;κορίαννον&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;koriannon&lt;/em&gt;).  Also the word &lt;em&gt;«cilantro»&lt;/em&gt; has the same etymology but has driven further away from the Latin word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third related herb is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Petroselinum crispum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;en:&lt;/strong&gt; parsley; &lt;strong&gt;es:&lt;/strong&gt; perejil) - however there seems to be less ambiguity in the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the three of them are from the same family &lt;em&gt;Apiaceae&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;Umbelliferae&lt;/em&gt;), this family also include carrots, celery, arracacha, anise, and dill among many other, and aparently the New World (&lt;em&gt;E. foetidum&lt;/em&gt;) and the Old World (&lt;em&gt;C. sativum&lt;/em&gt;) corianders are not to closely related taxonomically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your question: while there is some synonymy, they are not the same species: &lt;em&gt;«cilantro»&lt;/em&gt; is mostly used for Old World's &lt;em&gt;Coriandrum sativum&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;«culantro»&lt;/em&gt; is mostly used for New World's &lt;em&gt;Eryngium foedidum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes: there are regional differences and both words can refer to either of them in different countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T11:15:16.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2013-11-10T20:47:34.733" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No Problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was nothing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't mention it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry about it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All as very casual responses to &amp;quot;Thank you&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish I would use &amp;quot;de nada&amp;quot; in the same environment. With friends / family, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were entering a classy restaurant and held the door for someone who responded with &amp;quot;muchos Gracias&amp;quot; then I would reply &amp;quot;es un placer&amp;quot; (it's a pleasure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2079" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T11:11:26.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4424" CreationDate="2013-11-11T12:29:48.093" Score="5" ViewCount="7208" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I congratulate to somebody's name day in Spanish? What phrase is used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read about name days in Spain and it seems that name days are no longer celebrated in Spain. See the section &amp;quot;Spain and Hispanic America&amp;quot; in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_day#Spain_and_Hispanic_America&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article &amp;quot;Name day&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="714" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T17:58:08.933" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T17:58:08.933" Title="How to congratulate to somebody's name day?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4423" CreationDate="2013-11-11T12:43:46.483" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not entirely accurate. It is true that name days are no longer celebrated in some parts of Spain, but they remain popular in others, such as Andalusia. In some places they are considered even more important than birthdays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To congratulate, you have the general purpose &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; or the more specific &lt;em&gt;¡Feliz santo!&lt;/em&gt;. You would be fine with both options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T12:43:46.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4423" CreationDate="2013-11-12T18:54:36.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go for &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Feliz santo!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="329" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2013-11-13T13:20:47.943" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T13:20:47.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2013-11-13T01:13:21.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The fewer number of words in Spanish, however, doesn't mean that it&#xA;  can't be just as expressive as English; sometimes it is more so. One&#xA;  feature that Spanish has when compared to English is a flexible word&#xA;  order. Thus the distinction that is made in English between &quot;dark&#xA;  night&quot; and &quot;gloomy night&quot; might be made in Spanish by saying noche&#xA;  oscura and oscura noche, respectively. Spanish also has two verbs that&#xA;  are the rough equivalent of the English &quot;to be,&quot; and the choice of&#xA;  verb can change the meaning (as perceived by English speakers) of&#xA;  other words in the sentence. Thus estoy enferma (&quot;I am sick&quot;) is not&#xA;  the same as soy enferma (&quot;I am sickly&quot;). Spanish also has verb forms,&#xA;  including a much-used subjunctive mood, that can provide nuances of&#xA;  meaning sometimes absent in English. Finally, Spanish speakers&#xA;  frequently use suffixes to provide shades of meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishvocabulary/a/size_of_spanish.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishvocabulary/a/size_of_spanish.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2086" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T01:13:21.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4423" CreationDate="2013-11-13T07:40:57.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Feliz santo&quot;&#xA;Normalmente la felicitación por el santo tenía tanta importancia porque era habitual que cuando se bautizaba al bebé se le pusiera el nombre del santo como alguno de los &quot;middle name&quot;, así que solía coincidir con el cumpleaños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1985" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T07:40:57.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="38" CreationDate="2013-11-13T18:05:09.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ya&quot; means &quot;already,&quot; or &quot;entirely in the past&quot; in the sense of &quot;that's history.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Todavía&quot; refers to something that may have started in the past, but is continuing into the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T18:05:09.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4444" CreationDate="2013-11-14T15:10:14.463" Score="1" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;What phrase is used in Latin America for a daily status meeting among coworkers or team members in a business setting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1292" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T01:35:15.870" Title="Phrase used for daily status meeting?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2013-11-14T15:29:29.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is a somehow extended comment and complement rather than an answer (I've already upvoted Ashen's answer).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The number of total words in a dictionary or the number of total words for college or basic conversation is sometimes biased by the meaning of word.  Let's take one example out of many: “typewriter” v/s &lt;em&gt;«máquina de escribir»&lt;/em&gt;.  The English counterpart is a composed word, the union of the noun “type”, the verb “to write” and the suffix “-er” (something that writes using types), but becomes one word with its own dictionary entry.  The Spanish counterpart is also composed by three lexemes (content unit in language, including words, roots and adfixes), just that each lexeme is its own word and there is no individual entry in the dictionary for the concept.  A literal translation into English would be “machine for writing”.  Same concept, same number of lexemes, yet one dictionary entry more in one language than in the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, dictionary words are mostly roots: the non-declined form of a word.  So in a dictionary you will find the word “dog” but not the word “dogs”, and the word “(to) walk” but not the words “walks”, “walked”, “walking”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The number of word variants in Spanish is much higher than the number of word variants in English.  A regular verb in Spanish has over 50 conjugation forms compared to four different forms in English.  Number and gender declinations in adjectives and articles.  Gender declination in nouns sometimes adding extra meanings.  Pronominal verbs having a shifted meaning without adding a different word as dictionary entry, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aditionally English has more irregular plurals, that deserve a different dictionary entry than the singular counterpart, and even Spanish irregular verbs have many patterns that dictionary authors do not care to provide most irregular forms as dictionary entries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one difference in counting words is what do you define as a word (and how a language works its mapping between lexemes and words) and what you count as different words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other difference in dictionary length are dictionary authors.  The Spanish language has a very centralized and usually conservative body that regulates what goes into the official dictionary of the Spanish Language: &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua&lt;/em&gt; (RAE).  Independent dictionary authors and brands do not go too far from RAE's dictionary.  While RAE was the central Language Academy, until very recent years RAE was mostly a Spanish institution (Spanish as from Spain) while the Language Academies in other Spanish speaking countries were subordinated to the Royal Academy.  Very regional words from a certain region in Spani Spain would be more prone to get into the official dictionary (v.g. &lt;em&gt;«&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/altor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;altor&lt;/a&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;), than words with more extensive use in Latin America.  Before the ubiquitousness of the Internet era, the process for RAE to admit a new term, either coined in Spanish, borrowed from other language, or slang in any region of the Spanish speaking world, was a slow process, milestoned by editions of the printed work, and centralized in Spain.  The process has changed and currently many new words such as &lt;em&gt;«tuit»&lt;/em&gt; (tweet) have been accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dictionary authors in English have usually been more liberal in accepting new words, as they have a more descriptive than prescriptive approach.  They want the dictionary users to know what that obscure word found in that obscure text by a English speaking writer means, rather than to tell dictionary users which is the correct form and use of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how you count words (&lt;em&gt;«máquina de escribir»&lt;/em&gt; v/s “type-writ-er”) and how you count distinct words (&lt;em&gt;«caminar, camino, caminasa, caminando, caminase, caminó, caminara, caminará, caminado, etc.»&lt;/em&gt; v/s “walk, walks, walked, walking”) will make a difference in the number of word needed for college level or casual conversation.  An dictionary authorship and criteria will also add a difference in words counted as dictionary entries.  All of this without affecting general expressiveness in either language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-11-14T15:29:29.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-14T22:24:19.073" Score="1" ViewCount="1084" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an exercise I came across the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis colegas dan por supuesto que yo termino el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder about the expression &lt;em&gt;dan por supuesto&lt;/em&gt;. I learned that &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; is most frequently used as &lt;em&gt;to give&lt;/em&gt; but I know that it may have different senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would guess it just means &lt;em&gt;assume&lt;/em&gt; and thus could be replaced with &lt;em&gt;suponen&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis colegas suponen que yo termino el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that true? If yes, is the former sentence just a somewhat more formal way. What could be a proper translation? My guess would be &lt;em&gt;to proceed from the assumption&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If no, what does this expression mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T08:58:21.347" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;dar&quot; in &quot;dar por supuesto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4433" CreationDate="2013-11-14T23:38:16.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;«dar por supuesto»&lt;/em&gt; roughly translates as “to take as granted”.  Note that English “take out” or “take away” might have a similar meaning as &lt;em&gt;«dar»&lt;/em&gt;, and yes &lt;em&gt;«dar por supuesto»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«suponer»&lt;/em&gt; have a very similar meaning, with the subtle meaning shift you already guessed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other similar constructions with &lt;em&gt;«dar»&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar por hecho&lt;/em&gt; (assume it is a fact)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar por sentado&lt;/em&gt; (agree or assume an agreement was done)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar por muerto&lt;/em&gt; (believe somebody is dead, left behind somebody assuming he/she is dead)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar por perdido&lt;/em&gt; (stop searching something, assume it is lost)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably get the common theme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T08:58:21.347" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2013-11-15T18:01:52.927" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you say &lt;em&gt;¡qué envidia!&lt;/em&gt; (like you all would say &lt;em&gt;¡qué lastima!&lt;/em&gt;), or something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2097" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-19T02:32:00.890" LastActivityDate="2013-11-19T02:32:00.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2013-11-15T19:37:42.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always heard &quot;Ay (make your eyes big). ¡No me digassssss.&quot; (I put the extra s because women in México, especially, will drag out that sound, so I tend to copy that colloquial nature in order to seem more native. Heh heh. The &quot;s&quot; sounds to me - as a non-native - more like a &quot;z&quot; in México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ejemplos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Ay! No me digazzzz (como así en querido México) —or—&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¡De veras!&lt;/strong&gt; (Querido México)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;re: No me jodas&lt;/strong&gt;: I just spent an hour explaining to someone from Spain that I was told (I was told) that if you say &quot;No me jodes&quot; with an 'E' it softens the strength of the word joder... más suave. But my friend from Spain disagrees with that interpretation. Alas, I'm only learning through native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2097" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T05:32:02.887" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T05:32:02.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2013-11-16T15:13:09.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain Spanish, you can say &quot;¡Venga ya!&quot;, which I think suits the load of incredulity associated with &quot;No way!&quot;. It is a direct phrase, but not impolite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2099" LastActivityDate="2013-11-16T15:13:09.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4446" CreationDate="2013-11-16T17:41:21.380" Score="1" ViewCount="1525" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo La Casa de Bernarda Alba de Federico García Lorca. Encontré una frase que no era capaz de analizar: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es capaz de sentarse encima de tu corazón y ver cómo te mueres durante un año sin que &lt;strong&gt;se le cierre esa sonrisa fría&lt;/strong&gt; que lleva en su maldita cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la oración subordinada (en negrita) ¿Cuáles son las funciones sintácticas? ¿Es sujeto &quot;esa sonrisa fría&quot;? ¿es complemento indirecto el &quot;le&quot;? ¿Está construido en la misma forma que los verbos que se usan con complemento indirecto (gustar, encantar, interesar etc.)? ¿Qué función tiene el &quot;se&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede ser que el &quot;se&quot; es complemento indirecto, y el &quot;le&quot; complemento directo como en &quot;se le da&quot; (He gives him to her)? Parece muy extraño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verdad es que no entiendo. Cualquier ayuda es muy apreciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1369" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T03:42:26.217" Title="Pronombres personales y su función sintáctica" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4443" CreationDate="2013-11-17T01:05:23.500" Score="0" ViewCount="8014" Body="&lt;p&gt;Durante  mis 25 años de vida, pasados entre Cuba, Ecuador, y los Estados Unidos no he visto ni leído la palabra &quot;agazapado&quot; que hoy encontré en un libro. ¿Ésta es una palabra común en latinoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2075" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-18T14:32:02.570" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T14:32:56.607" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de agazapar?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-17T11:23:35.343" Score="0" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot find the translation of this song in English. It looks to be some sort of ballad with very deep &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quedeletras.com/letra-cancion-mientras-duermen-los-ninos-bajar-55728/disco-amaneciendo-en-ti/jose-luis-perales-mientras-duermen-los-ninos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lyrics&lt;/a&gt; but there are some elements of marching in the tone which doubts me. The what I can understand with Google Translate: there are parents and their children are sleeping. Then there are some sensual moments with happiness and pictoresque ideas to rain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analytical brainteasers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ideas behind the song: imaginary and context? Similar songs?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the mother is going away but no idea how? For example, is the mother dead and the guy speaking alone and trying to get comfort for speaking alone? Other thing?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or is the mother just going away like that and leaving everything behind? Can this be seen as a sociopolitical song or a liberation song&#xA;  breaking the status-quo of home mothers?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What does the imaginery of switching off light mean in the point &quot;turns off for me&quot;? Suicide or just feeling bad?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the song a ballad or a very sad song where something bad has happened such as death of mother (perhaps just social mother but still&#xA;  living?) or are they just happy that they have each other even though&#xA;  some social tensions? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or is all of this left open?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;P.s. I would like to have labels &lt;code&gt;translation&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;analysis&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lyrics&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;music&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;culture&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2100" LastEditorUserId="2100" LastEditDate="2013-11-18T18:57:09.980" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T18:57:09.980" Title="Analysis and Translation of the song &quot;Mientras duermen los niños&quot; by Jose Luis Perales" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-11-18T09:48:08.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4441" CreationDate="2013-11-17T12:47:45.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la rae hay la definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;agazapar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De gazapo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. coloq. p. us. Agarrar, coger o prender a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Esconderse, ocultarse, estar al acecho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. coloq. Agacharse, encogiendo el cuerpo contra la tierra, como lo hace el gazapo cuando quiere ocultarse de quienes le persiguen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso en latinoamérica se acerca a la segunda definición, en otra entrada de la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;agazapado &#xA;   ( de gazapo)&#xA;  1. adj. Costa Rica. hipócrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=agazapada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Referencia: RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona que aparenta ser comportada y dócil, que no parte ni un plato. Pero es todo lo contrario. Sinónimo de morronga, mosquita muerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Agazapado.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Referencia: asihablamos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2013-11-17T12:47:45.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4431" CreationDate="2013-11-18T01:35:15.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best answer seems to be &lt;em&gt;«reunión diaria de seguimiento»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Seguimiento»&lt;/em&gt; translates as “follow-up”, “monitoring” or “tracking”, while a more literal translation to “status” would be &lt;em&gt;«estado»&lt;/em&gt;, but I think &lt;em&gt;«seguimiento»&lt;/em&gt; is more appropriate than &lt;em&gt;«estado»&lt;/em&gt; for this context.  Otherwise it is a litteral translation of “daily status meeting.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If context is clear then it can be shortened to &lt;em&gt;«reunión diaria»&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;«reunión de seguimiento»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T01:35:15.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4442" CreationDate="2013-11-18T03:25:07.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't remember ever having heard this song before, and for what I can get your Google translation is way off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a romper&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  este silencio hoy,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  es hora de hablar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  los niños duermen ya.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me vas a contar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que está pasándote,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tus ojos no me miran&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's break this silent today.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is time to talk; the kids are already in bed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You are going to tell me what is happening to you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Your eyes are not longer looking at me as before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  antes de marcharte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  piénsalo otra vez,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me preguntarán&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por ti los niños  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today, before leaving, think it again,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;the kids will ask for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dirán:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿dónde se fue, papá?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y cada noche soñaran,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con ese cuento&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no han de escuchar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No debes irte, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will say to me: where she went, dad?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And every night they will dream&lt;br&gt;&#xA;with this story they shall not listen to.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You must not go, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y yo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que voy a hacer sin ti,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando se muera la tarde&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y se me apague el sol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si tu sillón, vacío ya estará.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esas flores que sembraste&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se marchitarán&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y nadie las cuidará&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mejor que tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And me, what am I do without you,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;when the afternoon fades and the sun turns off for me.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If your armchair already be empty.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;These flowers you planted will fade&lt;br&gt;&#xA;and nobody is going to take care of them better than you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T03:25:07.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4440" CreationDate="2013-11-18T03:42:26.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto que el sujeto de la oración subordinada es «esa sonrisa fría».  El pronombre «se» tiene una función reflexiva (aunque podría pensarse también como una voz media&lt;sup&gt;1.&lt;/sup&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa sonrisa fría se cierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la sonrisa también es el objeto directo (qué es lo que es cerrado) y el «le» es por lo tanto el complemento indirecto (a quién o para quien la sonrisa se cierra):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa sonrisa fría se le cierra (a él &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; a ella).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la oración subordinada completa incluye y contiene a otra oración subordinada.  El sujeto (y complemento directo) completo es: «esa sonrisa fría que lleva en su maldita cara.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. voz media: es una construcción en la cual el paciente de un verbo transitivo como «cerrar» se convierte en el sujeto.  En una oración semánticamente reflexiva «la sonrisa se cierra» la sonrisa sería tanto el agente (quien cierra) como el paciente (quien es cerrado).  En este caso la sonrisa es el paciente pero no hay cabida para un agente explícito o tácito.  Una voz media en contraste con la voz activa: «El sujeto cierra su sonrisa» o la voz pasiva: «La sonrisa es cerrada (por su sujeto)».&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T03:42:26.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4449" CreationDate="2013-11-18T04:00:55.883" Score="3" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cual sería una traducción de la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; con referencia a los sitios meta de la red de Stack Exchange? Yo puedo inferir por el mismo link que ponen ellos en su pagina de &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta-discussion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;about us&lt;/a&gt; que es refirido a &lt;em&gt;Meta discussion&lt;/em&gt;, como que el principal objetivo del sitio es discutir como funcionan los sitios hijos por decirlos de alguna manera. ¿Cómo se podria decir esto en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-18T09:45:56.057" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T13:55:53.967" Title="Traducción de &quot;meta&quot; referido a los sitios meta de Stack Exachange network" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4447" CreationDate="2013-11-18T09:43:20.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción es la misma, &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;, de la raíz griega &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=meta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;meta-&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'junto a', 'después de', 'entre' o 'con'.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Metacentro, metatórax&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T09:43:20.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4447" CreationDate="2013-11-18T13:55:53.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Meta&quot;, tal y como se utiliza en inglés, viene del griego &quot;meta&quot; como en &quot;metafísica&quot;, que era un libro de Aristóteles que no tenía nombre propio sino que se situaba &quot;al lado de&quot; su libro de Física. El sentido actual es lo que está al lado de algo, o que hace referencia a algo sin ser parte. Así, la metafísica no es física, los jugadores de rol hacen metajuego cuando utilizan conocimientos que sus personajes no tienen, y, en este caso particular, el sitio Meta de Stack Exchange es el sitio que está al lado de los demás sitios, como información adicional a ellos, y para discusión &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; los sitios, no &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo mejor es dejarlo como &quot;Meta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T13:55:53.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:02:48.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this idiom comes from the Aesop's fable The Fox and the Grapes &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fox_and_the_Grapes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fox_and_the_Grapes&lt;/a&gt;. Thus, the most exact (but not necessarily the best) translation would be &quot;uvas verdes&quot;, which refers to the same frustration feeling. Please note that it is not a spanish expression in common use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T14:02:48.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4441" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:08:48.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español de España el uso más común de Agazaparse (nótese el pronominal) es la segunda acepción del DRAE: Esconderse, ocultarse, estar al acecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-18T14:32:56.607" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T14:32:56.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4455" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:29:10.450" Score="3" ViewCount="14424" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería el siginifcado o qué debo entender sobre el prefijo &lt;strong&gt;para-&lt;/strong&gt; en palabras compuestas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Para&lt;/b&gt;médico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Para&lt;/b&gt;militar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2013-11-21T04:17:08.567" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T03:37:28.840" Title="Significado del prefijo &quot;para-&quot; en palabras compuestas" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4423" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:30:18.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should note that Name Day can be used only when someone's name is christian. In Spain there are a lot of non-christian names (celtic, basque, canary guanche, etc) and I suppost it happens the same in Latin America with indian names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, the correct expression would be 'Onomástica'. E.g. June 24th is the Name Day of King Juan Carlos I, widely celebrated among the Army (&quot;Onomástica de S.M. el Rey&quot;). But for congratulate somebody you would say &quot;Feliz Santo&quot; o &quot;Felicidades&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T14:30:18.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="213" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:33:44.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The complete sentence is &quot;En la boca llevarás sabor a mí&quot;, so it definitely is &quot;You will keep in your mouth a taste of me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T22:13:18.790" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T22:13:18.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4452" CreationDate="2013-11-18T14:36:19.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Para-' indica que algo no es, pero se parece a, otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un paramédico no es un médico, es un enfermero, que se parece a un médico. Esta palabra no se utiliza comúnmente en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un paramilitar no es un militar, pero se comporta de la misma manera y tiene una organización, entrenamiento y armamento similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una parafarmacia no es una farmacia, pero vende productos similares que también podemos encontrar en las verdaderas farmacias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T14:36:19.780" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4452" CreationDate="2013-11-18T15:27:21.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según la RAE&lt;/a&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del gr. παρα-).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. pref. Significa 'junto a', 'al margen de', 'contra'. Paracronismo, paráfrasis, paradoja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma información en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_(Prefijo)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T15:27:21.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2013-11-18T23:32:45.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding the use along the Tex/Mex border, that seems a bit of a stretch.  It's not meant to be used to impress a woman in a courting relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other reference above to &quot;Está de pelos&quot; is considered somewhat vulgar as well, as shouldn't be used in polite company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm married to a Mexican woman who is from just south of the US/Mexico border, however, the use of the idiom &quot;Qué padre!&quot; can be evidenced throughout Mexico in the larger cities such as Tijuana, Guadalajara, and D.F. (cities from which I also have many friends).  Simply translated, it does mean &quot;how cool,&quot; or &quot;how nice.&quot;  The word &quot;Qué&quot; being the modifier for &quot;how&quot; (i.e., &quot;very&quot;) and &quot;padre&quot; meaning &quot;cool&quot; or &quot;neat&quot; or &quot;nice.&quot;   Literally translated it would be &quot;How father&quot; or &quot;What father&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reference to the &quot;courting relationship&quot; example that one person provided above, a response of &quot;Qué padre!&quot; by a woman is the same as the woman saying in English, &quot;that sounds so neat/cool,&quot; not as a function to advance the relationship, but to provide a positive &quot;slang&quot; response that may be generally acceptable in mixed company instead of a simple &quot;Sí&quot; (&quot;Yes&quot;), or &quot;Qué bueno&quot; (&quot;How nice/good&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It interesting to note that the English idiom &quot;How cool!&quot; meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2109" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T23:32:45.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-19T03:13:22.073" Score="0" ViewCount="674" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando llegue mañana, hoy ya se habrá ido para siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About this sentence &lt;em&gt;cuando + subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habrá (future)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How can you translate this and when do you use this kind of structure? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can give me more examples it would be a big help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2105" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-19T09:44:17.757" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T21:20:07.730" Title="How do you translate &quot;cuando llegue mañana, hoy ya se habrá ido para siempre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4459" CreationDate="2013-11-19T03:38:14.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation for: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando llegue mañana, hoy ya se habrá ido para siempre.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; When tomorrow comes, today will be gone forever.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En mi opinión.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase se usa para hacer énfasis de que el tiempo no se detiene y en el futuro te podrás arrepentir de no haber hecho algo en el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase me recuerda un refrán muy popular en mi país Cuba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No dejes para mañana lo que puedas hacer hoy.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este link puedes leer esa frase &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.motivaciones.org/MOTIV004/ctosehoyvoyamarcarladiferencia.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.motivaciones.org/MOTIV004/ctosehoyvoyamarcarladiferencia.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IMO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phrase is used to make emphasis on that the time doesn't stop, and you will regret not having done something before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phrase remember me a saying that is very popular in my country Cuba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Don't leave for tomorrow what can be done today.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read the examples here:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poweroffreedom.ca/quotable-quotes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.poweroffreedom.ca/quotable-quotes/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2013-11-19T03:58:13.130" LastActivityDate="2013-11-19T03:58:13.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4459" CreationDate="2013-11-19T10:20:45.947" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando + subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; expresses that you are talking about a thing that is to come. It is standard when you want to use &lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; with a time in the future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When tomorrow comes. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cuando llegue el mañana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When she drinks this bottle, she will die. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cuando ella beba de esta botella, morirá.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will address this when we reach the meeting. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nos ocuparemos de eso cuando lleguemos a la reunión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In english you use &quot;when something happens, something else will happen&quot; and you put the future tense only in the main sentence, while in spanish we use subjuntive on the subordinate, which acts as a &lt;em&gt;Complemento Circunstancial de Tiempo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-Papi, ¿cuándo llegaremos? -Cuando lleguemos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This split example shows the simplest case: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llegaremos cuando lleguemos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; We will arrive when we arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-19T10:20:45.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4392" CreationDate="2013-11-21T17:22:50.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rule of thumb for learning any language with prepositions: learn the preposition along with the finite verb (the verb that conjugates: &lt;em&gt;«voy a»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«quiero»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«sabe»&lt;/em&gt;): don't translate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voy a&lt;/strong&gt; leer.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; I&lt;b&gt;'m going to&lt;/b&gt; read. (compare: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voy a&lt;/strong&gt; París.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; I&lt;b&gt;'m going to&lt;/b&gt; Paris.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero&lt;/strong&gt; leer.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; I &lt;b&gt;want&lt;/b&gt; to read. (compare: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero&lt;/strong&gt; agua.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; I &lt;b&gt;want&lt;/b&gt; water.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; leer.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; He &lt;b&gt;knows&lt;/b&gt; how to read. (compare: &lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; He &lt;b&gt;knows&lt;/b&gt; math.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same rule applies when the word or phrase preceding the preposition (or lack of) is not a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es importante&lt;/strong&gt; aprender correctamente.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; It &lt;strong&gt;is important&lt;/strong&gt; to learn correctly.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (compare &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es importante&lt;/strong&gt; la buena presentación.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;ndash; Good presentation &lt;strong&gt;is important&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in several sentences English and Spanish prepositions are directly translatable by their own, in many cases they are not. An the same is with Spanish and French, English and Italian, German and Swedish, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the use of English “to“ as either a preposition or an infinite marker, Gorpik already gave a good answer.  Just a note in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have a construction &lt;code&gt;smth (with no preposition)&lt;/code&gt; plus &lt;code&gt;verb&lt;/code&gt;, then &lt;code&gt;verb&lt;/code&gt; uses the infinitive (the form with “to”):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“I” + “to want” + “to drink” → “I want to drink.” &amp;ndash; &lt;em&gt;«Quiero tomar.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have a construction &lt;code&gt;smth with preposition&lt;/code&gt; plus &lt;code&gt;verb&lt;/code&gt;, then &lt;code&gt;verb&lt;/code&gt; uses the gerund (the “-ing” form).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“I” + “to live for” + “to party” → “I live for partying.” &amp;ndash; &lt;em&gt;«Vivo para rumbear.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except if &lt;code&gt;preposition&lt;/code&gt; is “to”, in which case the infinitive is used (the form with “to”) and the duplicated “to” is dropped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“I” + “to be going to” + “to read” → “I'm going to read” &amp;ndash; &lt;em&gt;«Voy a leer.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-11-21T17:44:07.163" LastActivityDate="2013-11-21T17:44:07.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4469" CreationDate="2013-11-22T19:42:54.340" Score="10" ViewCount="2637" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/134/when-should-i-use-the-word-yo-in-a-sentence-where-the-verb-conjugation-already#comment147_140&quot;&gt;this comment&lt;/a&gt;, the grammatical term &lt;em&gt;dativo ético&lt;/em&gt; is mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With comer, dativo ético is often used, quite rare to use comer without it (at least in Spain). For example, instead of &quot;Él comió una naranja&quot; &quot;Se comió una naranja&quot;. Don't ask why, it is just that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is this and when is it used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1658" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T06:53:57.037" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T06:53:57.037" Title="What is the &quot;dativo ético&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4467" CreationDate="2013-11-22T21:07:30.427" Score="3" ViewCount="8623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it &lt;strong&gt;mejilla&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;cachete&lt;/strong&gt;? Are there dialectical differences? If yes, what are they and which word is used in what context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-23T01:44:41.407" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T15:18:09.200" Title="What is the Spanish word for cheek?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4466" CreationDate="2013-11-22T21:29:14.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;em&gt;mejilla&lt;/em&gt; is the anatomic term for &lt;em&gt;cheek&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cachete&lt;/em&gt; is rather informal. &lt;em&gt;Cachete&lt;/em&gt; can also refer to a smack on the cheek as well as to the buttock. So, without context &lt;em&gt;cachete&lt;/em&gt; would be ambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The actual usage of the words differs between countries. When referring to the cheeks, I guess &lt;em&gt;mejilla&lt;/em&gt; is more common in Spain, while &lt;em&gt;cachete&lt;/em&gt; is more likely to be heard in countries in South- and Central America. I don't think there's a great difference between those countries when referring to a smack or to the buttock (i.e. they use &lt;em&gt;cachete&lt;/em&gt; with equal frequency).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastActivityDate="2013-11-22T21:29:14.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4464" CreationDate="2013-11-22T21:59:39.247" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/?key=dativo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dativo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caso de la declinación latina y de otras lenguas que en español equivale al objeto indirecto del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español existen tres tipos de Dativos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~ ético.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronombre no necesario para el sentido de la frase, que designa a la persona afectada por la acción o interesada por ella. «Los dativos éticos son incompatibles con los verbos transitivos cuyo objeto directo contenga un sustantivo que no lleve artículo ni ningún otro elemento modificador, lo que con frecuencia se atribuye a factores aspectuales, más concretamente al efecto del dativo ético sobre el modo de acción verbal. Observe que podemos decir Juan se sabe la lección, pero no diríamos *Juan se sabe geografía. Decimos, análogamente, me bebí la leche, pero no decimos *me bebí leche.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; come la verdura (dicho por la madre acerca del hijo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; le desmayó allí delante,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pero ... ¿qué &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ha hecho?! (cuando alguien hace algo que no debe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~ posesivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas lenguas, dativo que designa al poseedor en las oraciones nominales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; rompieron un brazo (le = su)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; robaron la cartera (le = su)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~ simpatético.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas lenguas, dativo que indica relación personal en oraciones nominales y que presenta un valor próximo al dativo posesivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; llores porque se me parte el corazón (por se parte mi corazón)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; salí al encuentro (al encuentro de él);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; notaba las manos temblonas (notaba sus manos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/c/COMPLEMENTO%20INDIRECTO.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplos de los tres tipos de Dativos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T16:23:22.287" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4464" CreationDate="2013-11-22T22:01:25.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English term is &lt;em&gt;ethic dative&lt;/em&gt;. It's a dative form which often appears in Latin but is very rare in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ethic dative is applied to pronouns and expresses a certain interest in a matter. You probably know the English expression &quot;Cry me a river&quot; which is a pretty good example. You use this saying to tell you don't care, so here it's rather disinterest than interest. The pronoun &quot;me&quot; is not solely a &quot;true&quot; dative (whom) but also put emphasis on the (dis)interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastActivityDate="2013-11-22T22:01:25.960" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4471" CreationDate="2013-11-23T15:02:29.873" Score="2" ViewCount="1417" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, I may ask, &quot;do you have tea?&quot; to a waiter or waitress. This &quot;you&quot; may be plural since asking, &quot;do you all (y'all) have tea?&quot; makes sense, but I guess it could also be singular (more along the lines of asking if the waiter has the ability to bring tea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, I can think of a few options, but don't know what's best:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tienes té?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene (usted) té?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene (el restaurante) té?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tienen té?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1658" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T09:39:13.443" Title="How to ask if a restaurant/store has something" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4470" CreationDate="2013-11-23T17:40:20.127" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The normal one is the last alternative. The implicit person is the second, plural : the people who own/work at the restaurant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Tienen (ustedes) té?   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, you could also use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;¿Tenéis té?&quot;) but that would be imply some informality-familiarity (analogous to &quot;tuteo&quot;  in the second singular person), so you'd probably better stick with the &quot;ustedes&quot; form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-11-25T02:23:36.753" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T02:23:36.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4472" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4477" CreationDate="2013-11-24T21:42:52.253" Score="4" ViewCount="701" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know hardly any Spanish, however I was wondering if there was &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; difference between the pronunciations of the spellings ⟨sci⟩ and ⟨si⟩, as in &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt;. I know that they could just be artifacts from Latin, but I feel as if there should be some subtle pronunciation difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2122" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T16:52:52.487" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T11:28:35.967" Title="⟨sci⟩ vs. ⟨si⟩: is the pronunciation different?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4113" CreationDate="2013-11-25T02:18:57.017" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España halar es correcto (pero poco usado) y jalar es simplemente incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T02:18:57.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4472" CreationDate="2013-11-25T02:22:48.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of difference. On 'piscina' you have three well differentiated syllables, that of 'pis', 'ci' and 'na', thus having differentiated terminal -s and starting z- sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is of very poor quality speakers to forget the terminal -s in front of the immediate starting z- and pronounce 'picina' or 'pisina'. It sounds horrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T08:29:08.337" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T08:29:08.337" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4472" CreationDate="2013-11-25T02:27:42.487" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In theory, it's different: the &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; in &lt;code&gt;piscina&lt;/code&gt; is part of the previous syllable (&lt;code&gt;pis-ci-na&lt;/code&gt;). In practice, the difference in pronunciation is almost nonexistent in regions with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (most Latin America), where &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; is pronounced the same as &amp;quot;c&amp;quot;. In these regions &lt;code&gt;piscina&lt;/code&gt; sounds very similar to &lt;code&gt;pisina&lt;/code&gt;, especially in informal conversation. Other examples: &lt;code&gt;ascenso&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;descendiente&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;In Spain, it would be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-07-06T11:28:35.967" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T11:28:35.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4480" CreationDate="2013-11-26T10:45:57.523" Score="1" ViewCount="10879" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo explicarías a un extranjero el significado de nuestra frase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que no puede ser no puede ser, y además es imposible&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T14:36:46.150" Title="Lo que no puede ser, no puede ser, y además es imposible" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4479" CreationDate="2013-11-26T11:34:53.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el último mensaje de &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1498775&amp;amp;langid=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este post parece estar la solución&lt;/a&gt; (y más arriba en portugués). Desconozco a quien atribuir la cita, si al torero o al sacerdote &lt;em&gt;Charles Maurice de Talleyrand&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase se atribuye al matador de toros Rafael Gómez Ortega &quot;El Gallo&quot; (1882-1960). En este pleonasmo quería rematar una redundancia: si una cosa no puede ser es que no puede ser, pero si existiera la más mínima posibilidad de que pudiera ser, en ese caso, sería imposible. [...] Actualmente se suele utilizar cuando algo es totalmente inviable.&#xA;  Según la guía &quot;Saber frases célebres&quot; de Sopena la frase exacta es: &quot;Lo que no pué ser, no pué ser, y además es imposible&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2013-11-29T14:36:46.150" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T14:36:46.150" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4380" CreationDate="2013-11-26T16:43:26.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;, when it indicates movement (this is, when it can be translated as &lt;em&gt;take&lt;/em&gt;, in addition to &lt;em&gt;carry&lt;/em&gt;), requires a place complement. If you say just &lt;em&gt;llevo este&lt;/em&gt;, I will wonder where are you taking it; so you say &lt;em&gt;me llevo este&lt;/em&gt; to make it clear that you take it with yourself, wherever you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the pronoun even when you specify a place: &lt;em&gt;me llevo este a casa&lt;/em&gt;. Here, the idea would be: I am going home and am taking this there with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first person you would almost always use the pronoun, but this is not so with other persons. For instance, you can say &lt;em&gt;lleva esto a casa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;llévate esto a casa&lt;/em&gt;, with slightly different meanings. In the first case, you are interested in the fact the this is taken home, but it does not really matter who takes it; in the second, you are interested in having specifically that person taking this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llévate el paraguas a casa&lt;/em&gt;. It is raining and I suggest you to take the umbrella home with you, so you don't get wet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lleva el paraguas a casa&lt;/em&gt;. This umbrella should be home, not here, so I want you to take it there; but I don't really think you will have any use for it right now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2013-11-26T23:01:35.050" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T23:01:35.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4395" CreationDate="2013-11-26T20:21:57.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard the word &quot;Chulo&quot; refering someone as a &quot;Pimp&quot;, so it could be used as a bad word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the word &quot;Chulada&quot; is always used to say something is really amazing or beautiful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="271" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T20:21:57.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4470" CreationDate="2013-11-27T02:58:13.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some Latin American countries you could even use &quot;¿hay té?&quot; which is more personal but accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1944" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-27T09:39:13.443" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T09:39:13.443" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4485" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4487" CreationDate="2013-11-27T03:04:35.803" Score="11" ViewCount="23428" Body="&lt;p&gt;En portugués brasileño &lt;em&gt;mais grande&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;más grande&lt;/em&gt;) es aparentemente un error garrafal, solo bajo ciertas circunstancias no lo es, pero nadie me da una respuesta del porque. Hasta ahora mi conclusión es que este &quot;error&quot; es resultado de un capricho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me apareció la duda si &lt;em&gt;más bueno&lt;/em&gt; en español es considerado un error, desde un punto de vista puramente lógico no lo es (según mi opinión). He revisado un poco pero no he encontrado alguna respuesta que no me deje dudas. ¿&lt;em&gt;Más bueno&lt;/em&gt; es totalmente correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="1939" LastEditDate="2013-11-27T20:26:04.590" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T19:45:45.543" Title="¿&quot;Más bueno&quot; es incorrecto, correcto bajo ciertas circunstancias o totalmente correcto pero poco usado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4466" CreationDate="2013-11-27T03:06:16.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cachete as buttocks is mostly seen in Central and South America; in the Caribbean and Spain, cachete can mean cheek or having something for free. Like, &quot;llevatelo de cachete&quot;, which means, for free. Take into account languages grow over time and become sort of territorial and dialects, that's where the differences come from. For example, in Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, due to the continuous contact with the US, there are many anglicisms that have been accepted. Like &quot;elevator&quot; is properly translated to Spanish as &quot;ascensor&quot;, while &quot;elevador&quot; is nowadays accepted and used in proper Spanish. Same with many other words. Then, Central and South America are so close to Portugal they sometimes get mixed words from Portuguese as well and beautifully keep many native words which have become part of their Spanish. All languages go through this. If we go to Italy, there's one proper Italian language known by all and one dialect every block different than the last block and so on. Is just human development I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1944" LastEditorDisplayName="user14163" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T15:18:09.200" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T15:18:09.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4485" CreationDate="2013-11-27T07:47:45.757" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=bueno&quot;&gt;El DPD dice lo siguiente:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.Existen dos formas para el comparativo de bueno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mejor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Procede del comparativo latino &lt;em&gt;melior&lt;/em&gt; y se usa en todos los&#xA;  significados de bueno antes referidos, aunque en los sentidos de&#xA;  ‘bondadoso’ y de ‘gustoso o apetecible’ se emplea con preferencia &lt;em&gt;más&#xA;  bueno&lt;/em&gt; (→ b):[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;más bueno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Se emplea con preferencia a &lt;em&gt;mejor&lt;/em&gt; para formar el&#xA;  comparativo de bueno en el sentido de ‘bondadoso’: «Nunca he conocido&#xA;  a nadie más bueno que él» (Valladares Esperanza [Cuba 1985]). También&#xA;  es correcto su empleo para formar el comparativo de bueno en el&#xA;  sentido de ‘gustoso o apetecible’: «Algunas personas piensan que,&#xA;  cocidos [los garbanzos] en la misma agua del remojo, salen más buenos»&#xA;  (Domingo Sabor [Esp. 1992]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, en general se debe usar &quot;mejor&quot;, salvo cuando se usa &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; con los significados de &quot;bondadoso&quot; o &quot;gustoso o apetecible&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T07:47:45.757" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2749" CreationDate="2013-11-27T21:14:14.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;code&gt;What's up&lt;/code&gt;. It's just like saying &lt;code&gt;Ya tu sabe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2136" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-27T23:23:37.090" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T23:23:37.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4459" CreationDate="2013-11-27T21:20:07.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando mañana llegue &quot;Simple present&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoy se habrá ido para siempre &quot;Perfect future&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translation would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When tomorrow comes, today will have gone forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2137" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T21:20:07.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4491" CreationDate="2013-11-27T22:20:45.923" Score="6" ViewCount="4799" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between a &lt;strong&gt;periódico&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;diario&lt;/strong&gt;? If both mean exactly the same thing, which one is preferred in regular colloquial usage in Mexico vs. other Spanish-speaking countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-11-27T23:29:03.307" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T13:59:04.367" Title="Spanish for “newspaper”" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4490" CreationDate="2013-11-28T06:13:31.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Periódico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in México. I live here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2138" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-11-29T09:23:34.383" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T09:23:34.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4490" CreationDate="2013-11-28T08:49:00.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Periódico&lt;/strong&gt; is the common word to say in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/peri%C3%B3dico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sinonyms&lt;/a&gt;, including &lt;strong&gt;diario&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;diario, boletín, gaceta, noticiero, rotativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mainly are the same, but &lt;strong&gt;Diario&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;Periódico&lt;/strong&gt; published daily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="2005" LastEditDate="2013-11-28T10:48:52.607" LastActivityDate="2013-11-28T10:48:52.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4490" CreationDate="2013-11-28T11:32:18.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diario&lt;/strong&gt; is the common word, by far, in Argentina. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Periódico&lt;/strong&gt; is understood here as a formal (or &quot;foreign&quot;) synonym. Everyone understands it, no one uses it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, &quot;diario&quot; is more restricted in meaning (&lt;em&gt;daily&lt;/em&gt; newspaper), but common usage does not respect that much anymore - one could even hear about a &quot;diario semanal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T13:59:04.367" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T13:59:04.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2013-11-29T00:27:01.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well they mean the same thing but there are several different circumstances in which each one is applied more often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agujero&lt;/em&gt; means hole but most of the times means a smaller hole than a &lt;em&gt;hoyo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Hueco&lt;/em&gt; could mean hole or hollow, but it isn't hard to figure it out with full context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that most of the time when the hole is in a vertical surface (such as a wall) we call it &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;agujero&lt;/em&gt; not &lt;em&gt;hoyo&lt;/em&gt;, and when the hole is in an horizontal surface, such as the floor we call it &lt;em&gt;hoyo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;agujero&lt;/em&gt; too but not &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2140" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2013-11-29T12:47:35.383" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T12:47:35.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-29T10:44:26.620" Score="10" ViewCount="5272" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi tierra es bastante normal, en el uso coloquial, encontrar invertido el uso de las palabras cariñosas y los insultos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mira, cariño, una cosa te voy a decir...&quot; -dicho a una persona con la que se está teniendo una discusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hola feo&quot; -dicho a un buen amigo como saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A ver, guapo, cómo te lo explico...&quot; -dicho a una persona con la que se habla, independientemente de su belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Y va la muy zorra de mi hermana y me regala el bolso que estuve buscando y no encontraba por ninguna parte&quot; -dicho con evidente cariño a la hermana respectiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ustedes saben si esta inversión es generalizada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T13:43:41.223" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T13:43:41.223" Title="Uso invertido de palabras cariñosas e insultos" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4496" CreationDate="2013-11-29T11:41:04.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muy muy común en Cataluña, y diría por toda España en general. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte pocas veces escuche mis amigos de Latinoamérica usar estas formas, pero de nunca haber ido allí no te puedo decir si es solo casualidad, o es que realmente no se usan allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T11:41:04.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4496" CreationDate="2013-11-29T17:03:59.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He observado con frecuencia este uso en Colombia, sobre todo el uso de palabras negativas (&lt;em&gt;feo&lt;/em&gt;) y groseras (&lt;em&gt;marica&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, güevón, gonorrea&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) como muestra de cariño o camaradería.  A veces, incluso, como simple muletilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Menos común, pero también existente es el uso de palabras apreciativas o cariñosas en un sentido desobligante o condescendiente.  También hay personas que usan palabras cariñosas como &lt;em&gt;mi amor&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a todo el mundo sin que exista una connotación positiva o negativa en ese trato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;marica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; conserva básicamente dos significados negativos: 1) forma peyorativa para referirse a los homosexuales, 2) persona de poco carácter (también peyorativo).  Generalmente estos significados usan una pronunciación &lt;em&gt;normal&lt;/em&gt; de la palabra (tres sílabas cortas fácilmente distinguibles).  Pero, adicional a este uso es común usarlo como forma común y neutral para referirse a amigos sin ninguna implicación sobre la orientación sexual o el carácter.  En este uso la «i» suele alargarse ligeramentre pero no estoy del todo seguro que siempre se haga.  También es usado mucho como muletilla, en cuyo caso las vocales átonas se reducen considerablemente «mric(a)», o como exclamación, en cuyo caso la «i» suele alargarse.  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;güevón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; también tiene una forma reducida para el uso como muletilla, más parecido a «guon» o «huon».&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gonorrea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, además del uso neutro como enfermedad de transmisión sexual, es muy usado como insulto.  Creo que este uso es originario de la zona de Antioquia y Medellín, pero ha pasado a un uso extendido en el país a partir de las películas y series sobre el narcotráfico y la cultura &lt;em&gt;traqueta&lt;/em&gt;.  E. igual que con otros insultos, también es usado entre amigos como fórmula de camaradería.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T17:03:59.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4500" CreationDate="2013-12-02T20:10:02.230" Score="0" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to have an app (that runs on the desktop, not a phone app - text would be too small) that would allow me to simultaneously have both the Spanish and the English versions of material displayed side-by-side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, I want to read Don Quixote that way; but actually, I would like to be able to load any pair of documents in that way. IOW, it'd be nice to be able to download the Spanish html and the English html (or text files) and load them up in this utility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The optimum would be if scrolling down in one of the panes simultaneously caused the other pane to scroll down with it, but would also allow independent scrolling for those cases where one or the other panes passages was longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOW, I guess a &quot;global&quot; scrolling action to scroll them together as well as an independent scrolling action for each of the two panes. Is there such a utility available?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T08:04:35.590" Title="Is there a software utility available that allows simultaneous reading of Spanish and English material?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-12-03T09:17:30.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4499" CreationDate="2013-12-03T08:04:35.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way I can think of is having two browser windows side by side with the same Spanish document in both, and then using Google translate on one of them.  They won't scroll together because only one window at a time can request from the OS to have &quot;focus&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T08:04:35.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4502" CreationDate="2013-12-03T21:18:21.217" Score="2" ViewCount="1045" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, pido perdón por mi español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya algunos días me &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;duela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cabeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya algunos días me &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;duele&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cabeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Si debemos usar &lt;code&gt;el modo subjuntivo&lt;/code&gt; en esta oración?&#xA;¿Si la parte &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ya algunos días&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; nos hace usarlo?&#xA;Y explique Ud. si es posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más vale si contesta Ud. en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2150" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T23:16:24.080" Title="¿Qué es un variante correcto de frase &quot;Ya algunos días me (doler) la cabeza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4501" CreationDate="2013-12-03T23:16:24.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas opciones son correctas, pero probablemente ninguna de las dos sea lo que usted quiere decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ya algunos días me duela la cabeza&quot; se utilizaría como complemento de otra oración, con &quot;Ya&quot; significando &quot;aunque&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Continuaré yendo a mi trabajo ya algunos días me duela la cabeza.&quot; -&gt; &quot;Continuaré yendo a mi trabajo aunque algunos días me duela la cabeza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ya algunos días me duele la cabeza&quot; puede tener significado tanto comparativo como de tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparativa: &quot;Ya algunos días me duele la cabeza como para que encima vengas tú con tus problemas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De tiempo: &quot;Ya algunos días me duele la cabeza de lo viejo que soy.&quot; -&gt; &quot;Ya soy tan viejo que algunos días me duele la cabeza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T23:16:24.080" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4503" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-04T02:49:51.277" Score="3" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw these sentences on a pamphlet recently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vida no es un deporte para expectadores. Es un juego que hay que jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I'd translate the sentence into English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Life is not a sport for spectators. It is a game that you have to play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in English, you can (and, in speech, likely &lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt;) remove the word &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; in the second sentence (leaving it to read &quot;It is a game you have to play.&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if this is permissible in the Spanish as well. Can I remove the first &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; in that sentence? Is this version acceptable, and if so, which is more likely to be said in casual conversation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vida no es un deporte para expectadores. Es un juego hay que jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastActivityDate="2013-12-08T19:25:18.420" Title="Can I remove the first &quot;que&quot; in &quot;un juego que hay que jugar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4503" CreationDate="2013-12-04T09:02:30.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short: you can not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In long: in english, 'that' may be understood even when not present. In spanish, it must be present as the introducing particle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that even changing it for a comma changes meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es un juego que hay que jugar&quot; -&gt; &quot;It is a game &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; one must play&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es un juego, hay que jugar&quot; -&gt; &quot;It is a game &lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt; one must play&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T09:02:30.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4526" CreationDate="2013-12-04T21:52:44.433" Score="8" ViewCount="10328" Body="&lt;p&gt;I consider myself a near-fluent Spanish speaker, having learned it primarly in Mexico. I have never heard the term &quot;Enhorabuena&quot; used there; of course, I realize that this doesn't mean that it &lt;strong&gt;isn't&lt;/strong&gt; used. Is it commonly used across the Spanish-speaking world, or is limited to certain countries? If I wanted to say &quot;Congratulations on buying this thing!&quot; or &quot;Congratulations on achieveing your goal!&quot; does it sound ok to use &quot;enhorabuena&quot; or is &quot;felicidades&quot; better, for a world-wide audience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1475" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T20:17:48.910" Title="Geographical distribution and use of &quot;Enhorabuena&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4506" CreationDate="2013-12-04T23:42:12.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Mexico, we use &quot;felicidades&quot; to congratulate someone for something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite almost anyone would understand if you say &quot;enhorabuena&quot;, it just sounds weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2156" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T23:42:12.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4485" CreationDate="2013-12-05T00:50:22.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo se usa en tres ocasiones, &#xA;&quot;Ese muchacho es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mas bueno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que aquel&quot;&#xA;&quot;Ese muchacho es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mas bondadoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que aquel&quot;&#xA;&quot;Ese plato es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mas apetecible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que el otro&quot;&#xA;Y porque? Simplemente porque decir :&#xA;&quot;Ese muchacho es mejor bueno que aquel&quot;&#xA;&quot;Ese muchacho es mejor bondadoso que aquel&quot;&#xA;y &quot;Ese plato es mejor apetecible que el otro&quot; son disparates. &#xA;O sea, para entender cuando usas bien una o la otra manera gramatical, mira a ver como se ve en ambas formas y si te parece un disparate como los anteriores, entonces usas mas y el adjetivo. Si no parece oírse como disparate, usa mejor. La definición de mejor es mas que. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1944" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T00:50:22.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4512" CreationDate="2013-12-05T05:50:05.837" Score="8" ViewCount="1929" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just learning Spanish. For the most part, I find that pronunciation is very consistent. However, I am having a little difficulty with the letter &quot;C.&quot; Most of the time it is pronounced like &quot;K&quot; in English, but there are exceptions. In the word &quot;Discipulos&quot; it appears to be silent; in &quot;Cierto&quot; it is pronounced like &quot;S&quot; in English. Are there rules for determining when C is silent, and when it is pronounced like &quot;S&quot; or do I just need to memorize these exceptions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T03:17:59.533" Title="C as K and S and silent (rules of thumb for pronunciation of C?)" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4506" CreationDate="2013-12-05T06:14:00.977" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Enhorabuena' is standard language usage in Spain. It is used mainly for personal achievements, while 'Felicidades' is more for something that has happened to you. So we use 'Enhorabuena' for a promotion, a degree, a marriage or a baby, while Felicidades for birthday, Christmas or winning the lotto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite this, 'Enhorabuena' is receding and 'Felicidades' is seeing its usage increase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T06:14:00.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4510" CreationDate="2013-12-05T06:28:31.980" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;C is never silent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'c' has three sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When combined with 'h' it creates the digraph 'ch' with the same sound as english 'chair' ('choza').&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When followed by 'a', 'o' or 'u' or by another consonant it has the 'k' sound ('casa', 'cobre', 'ósculo', 'actor').&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When followed by 'e' or 'i' it has the 'z' sound ('cereza', 'ciruela').&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your problem arises with this third sound. Spanish is divided in two big areas that we can call &quot;standard&quot; and &quot;seseante&quot; (Spanish word for 's-using'). In &quot;seseante&quot; zones (you are learning in one of them, and they are majority through Latin America) the 'z' sound has disappeared and both 'z' and 'ce'-'ci' are pronounced as 's'. So with &quot;discípulos&quot;: on a &quot;seseante&quot; zone you have an 's' followed by an 's' sound, and since there is no long 's' in Spanish you end up pronouncing just one 's'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Zone         Discípulos      Cereza     Casa    Choza    Acción&#xA;Standard     Dis-ZI-pu-los   ze-RE-za   CA-sa   CHO-za   ak-ZION&#xA;Seseante     Di-SI-pu-los    se-RE-sa   CA-sa   CHO-sa   ak-SION&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2013-12-05T19:30:02.187" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T19:30:02.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-05T13:29:51.777" Score="0" ViewCount="409" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a small paragraph on my daily routine in Spanish and was wondering if anyone could just check that it flows well and there are no grammatical or spelling errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas las mañanas me despierto a las ocho menos cuarto pero no me levanto hasta las ocho en punto. Primero desayuno cereales, luego me preparo para la universidad. Salgo de casa y voy a la universidad en autobús a las nueve en punto. Yo estudio hasta la una y media cuando como sopa en la café vegetariano. Luego voy la biblioteca y continuo estudio hasta tarde. Normalmente  termino de estudio y vuelvo a mi casa sobre a las nueve de la tarde, pero a veces voy a el supermercado antes mi casa. Después ceno y veo la tele un rato. Por pongo el despertador y acuesto sobre la media noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2160" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T13:40:03.200" Title="Grammar/ Spelling check for daily routine" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-12-05T14:16:15.000" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4513" CreationDate="2013-12-05T13:40:03.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas las mañanas me despierto a las ocho menos cuarto ADD COMMA HERE pero no me levanto hasta las ocho en punto. Primero desayuno cereales, luego me preparo para la universidad. Salgo de casa y voy a la universidad en autobús a las nueve en punto. Yo DELETE &quot;Yo&quot; AS IT IS IMPLICIT ON THE VERB estudio hasta la una y media cuando como CHANGE &quot;como&quot; BY &quot;tomo&quot; sopa en la café CHANGE &quot;la café&quot; BY &quot;la cafetería&quot; OR &quot;el café&quot; vegetariano CHANGE &quot;vegetariano&quot; TO &quot;vegetariana&quot; IF YOU CHOSEN &quot;la cafetería&quot;. Luego voy la biblioteca y continuo ADD ACCENT &quot;continúo&quot; estudio CHANGE &quot;estudio&quot; BY &quot;estudiando&quot; hasta tarde. Normalmente termino de estudio CHANGE &quot;estudio&quot; BY &quot;estudiar&quot; y vuelvo a mi casa sobre a las nueve de la tarde, pero a veces voy a el supermercado antes ADD &quot;de ir a&quot; mi casa. Después ceno y veo la tele un rato. Por pongo THIS MAKES NO SENSE, TRY &quot;Pongo&quot; el despertador y ADD &quot;me&quot; acuesto sobre la media noche CHANGE &quot;media noche&quot; BY &quot;medianoche&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T13:40:03.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="234" CreationDate="2013-12-05T21:47:07.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interrobang is non existent in spanish. Its usage is incorrect, as the symbols is not defined in the Ortografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting with one symbol and closing with the other is the only correct form. It is indiferent which one you use to open and which one to close (Ortografía, 3.4.9.2, b), page 393)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T21:47:07.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4517" CreationDate="2013-12-05T23:07:44.583" Score="3" ViewCount="8060" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a simple webpage, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edibottle.netau.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La ComeBotella&lt;/a&gt; that I'm using for a Spanish project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to translate the initial English version I debuted with, and I was wondering how to say &quot;about&quot; when talking about a page that has extra information. I tried searching around a little bit but none were the same situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I could use &quot;Sobre la ComeBotella&quot; but that would be too long. I could also use &quot;Información&quot; but it feels long too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a short and simple way to say &quot;about&quot; in this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1976" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T17:55:44.983" Title="How to say &quot;about&quot; as in about page" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4516" CreationDate="2013-12-05T23:16:30.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Acerca de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is common usage in the wild, without need for it to be the complete &quot;Acerca de La ComeBotella&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T23:16:30.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4516" CreationDate="2013-12-06T04:46:57.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the web is common the use of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/code&gt;La ComeBotella&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Quiénes somos? &lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;== Most common&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sobre Nosotros&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2013-12-10T17:55:44.983" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T17:55:44.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4521" CreationDate="2013-12-06T05:16:08.830" Score="3" ViewCount="7557" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis diccionarios me dan las siguientes variantes:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;así así&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sin pena ni gloria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;medianamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;así no más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tal cual (tal por cual)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de por ahí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de tres al cuatro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como el tiempo malo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que llueve o no llueve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de tamaño regular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué variantes son más preferidas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Hay otros sinónimos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Existen variantes que no se puedan encontrar en el diccionario (palabrotas o jerga)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He leído sus respuestas y parece que mis diccionarios me dan la traducción de &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot; incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que he pensado que puedo usar esa frase, por ejemplo como la respuesta a la pregunta: ¿Qué tal? - Ni fu ni fa (en el sentido que la vida no es buena ni mala). O que estoy ni de buen ni de mal humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora de sus respuestas sigue que no puedo usarla de esa manera. ¿Tengo razón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tengo, entonces, pueden Uds. escribir algunas situaciones (ejemplos) que pueden precisar lo que esa frase significa y cuándo se puede usar?.&#xA;No está claro para mi la utilización de esa frase. No logro imaginarme que esa frase es algo que está cerca de &quot;me da igual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado dos variantes más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni carne ni pescado    - exacto como en ruso;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entre el sí y el no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2150" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T08:54:51.157" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:06:36.850" Title="¿Cuáles son sinónimos de &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2013-12-06T05:26:23.617" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí te agrego algunos a tu lista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad esa frase &lt;code&gt;ni fu ni fa&lt;/code&gt; solo se la he escuchado a personas mayores o en películas antiguas y se usa para expresar generalmente &lt;code&gt;Ni esto ni lo otro&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me da lo mismo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ni más ni menos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me resbala&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ni frío ni calor&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por mi...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me da igual&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me vale un ...&amp;lt; Palabrota que te venga a la mente &gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me importa un ... &amp;lt; Palabrota que te venga a la mente &gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-7MNFpAsqI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hakuna Matata&lt;/a&gt; (Se tomó de la película animada 'Rey León', en mi país se usa mucho)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ni atrás ni adelante&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ni fue ni será&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D: A medida que vaya recordando voy agregando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cada país se puede encontrar una interpretación diferente. Yo soy de Cuba, pasé 2 años en Colombia, actualmente en Miami, USA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora estaba viendo vídeos y encontré este de Tego Calderon(Puerto Rico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8X-tg4mmGQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NI FU NIFA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa en el lenguaje chabacano para expresar &lt;code&gt;ni una cosa ni la otra&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes leer los comentarios para ver la interpretación de la gente de muchos países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T08:55:07.017" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T08:55:07.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2013-12-06T17:10:58.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sentido en el que más uso (y he escuchado en Colombia) «ni fu ni fa» es para expresar algo que se prometió y no se hizo por indecisión.  La mayoría de los sinónimos que veo expresan algo mediano o regular: &lt;em&gt;comme ci comme ça&lt;/em&gt; (esta expresión francesa puede incluirse en la lista, la he escuchado en español, a veces escrita como «comsí comsá»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicional a la respuesta de Emilio (que en gran parte extiende su interpretación), agrego aquí algunas respuestas con mi significado (algo no hecho por indecisión)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«ni chicha ni limonada» (usualmente «ni chicha ni limoná»)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«mucho tilín tilín y nada de paletas»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«con los crespos hechos»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Iré agregando si recuerdo otros.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T21:01:47.737" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:01:47.737" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2013-12-07T19:06:34.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas las de tu libro, en mi opinión, están mal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;así así&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sin pena ni gloria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;medianamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;así no más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tal cual (tal por cual)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de por ahí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de tres al cuatro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como el tiempo malo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que llueve o no llueve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de tamaño regular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas esas son frases, pero ninguna tiene el mismo significado de &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot;.  Ni fu ni fa quiere decir que no se hizo nada, o no pasó nada.  Quién sabe de donde venga esa frase tan rara, o por qué se hizo popular; pero si buscas otras frases con el mismo significado, yo recomiendo &quot;ni peras ni manzanas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que yo diría es: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pero no pasó nada, y ahí acabó&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T08:56:26.490" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T08:56:26.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4503" CreationDate="2013-12-08T19:25:18.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Life is not a sport for spectators. It is a game that has to be played.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, Life is not a sport; Then the second says that &amp;quot;it [life] has to be played&amp;quot;. The overall meaning of the sentence is, &amp;quot;Do not watch life, live it&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Es un juego que hay que jugar&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;It is a game that one must play&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Es un juego, hay que jugar&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;It is a game so one must play&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These translations do not work exactly. The word &amp;quot;one&amp;quot; is a bit awkward. The sentences describe &amp;quot;the game&amp;quot;, which is life, not that a person has to play the game, but there can be different interpretations of the entire meaning as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2175" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-08T19:25:18.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4490" CreationDate="2013-12-08T19:41:03.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always used the word &quot;periódico&quot; for newspaper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually in some cases it can be used as just simply &quot;paper&quot; (not as in plain regular paper that you write with).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;periódico vespertino&quot; is the &quot;evening paper&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Leí el periódico de punta a cabo&quot; which means &quot;[I] read the paper from cover to cover&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diario can mean &quot;every day&quot; (which I am certain is not what you mean), &quot;daily&quot;, or &quot;diary&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the conversation is about some text and I hear the word, &quot;diaro&quot;, I think of a &quot;diary&quot;. I personally do not use the diaro to describe a &quot;newspaper&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2175" LastActivityDate="2013-12-08T19:41:03.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4506" CreationDate="2013-12-08T21:22:19.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I have ever heard of &amp;quot;Enhorabuena&amp;quot;, but I did a little bit of research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish-only.com/2008/11/spanish-word-day-enhorabuena/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish-Only.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First all, there is a difference between the two. It’s a small difference, but there’s one. Second of all, you use felicidades when it’s someone’s birthday. Can you use enhorabuena as well? No! Don’t fall in the trap to use in this context. Also, when someone graduated or passed a test enhorabuena is used instead of felicidades. For the rest, you can use both words pretty much for the same things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Excerpt from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish-only.com/2008/11/spanish-word-day-enhorabuena/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish-Only.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish-only.com/2008/11/spanish-word-day-enhorabuena/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish-Only.com&lt;/a&gt; gave was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que darte la enhorabuena. (I must congratulate you.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Enhorabuena!(Congratulations!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dict_en_es/spanish/enhorabuena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yahoo! Education&lt;/a&gt; (Define)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1695/congratulations-felicidades-vs-felicitaciones&quot;&gt;Congratulations: felicidades vs. felicitaciones&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish.stackexchange.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish StackExchange&lt;/a&gt;. (Mentioned)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2175" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-08T21:22:19.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4527" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4531" CreationDate="2013-12-08T21:33:33.610" Score="0" ViewCount="9070" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know the elements of the periodic table in Spanish, because my parents do not know much about them. I want to be able to describe them a bit about the elements, but I have no background information about the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this website called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/language.php?language=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vanderkrogt.net&lt;/a&gt;, but it does not look reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I did recognize Oxygen with oxígeno.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2175" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T14:19:12.417" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T14:19:12.417" Title="The Elements of the Periodic Table in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2013-12-14T00:13:35.353" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4527" CreationDate="2013-12-09T02:11:38.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here you have all of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_qu%C3%ADmico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tbGOC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; (click to expand) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt;    →   hidrógeno (Hydrogen)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He&lt;/strong&gt;   →   helio (Helium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Li&lt;/strong&gt;   →   litio (Lithium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be&lt;/strong&gt;   →   berilio (Beryllium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;    →   boro (Boron)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;    →   carbono (Carbon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N&lt;/strong&gt;    →   nitrógeno (Nitrogen)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt;    →   oxígeno (Oxygen)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;    →   flúor (Fluorine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ne&lt;/strong&gt;  →   neón (Neon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Na&lt;/strong&gt;  →   sodio (Sodium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mg&lt;/strong&gt;  →   magnesio (Magnesium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;  →   aluminio (Aluminium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si&lt;/strong&gt;  →   silicio (Silicon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;   →   fósforo (Phosphorus)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;   →   azufre (Sulfur)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cl&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cloro (Chlorine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ar&lt;/strong&gt;  →   argón (Argon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K&lt;/strong&gt;   →   potasio (Potassium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ca&lt;/strong&gt;  →   calcio (Calcium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sc&lt;/strong&gt;  →   escandio (Scandium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ti&lt;/strong&gt;  →   titanio (Titanium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;   →   vanadio (Vanadium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cromo (Chromium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mn&lt;/strong&gt;  →   manganeso (Manganese)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fe&lt;/strong&gt;  →   hierro (Iron)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Co&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cobalto (Cobalt)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ni&lt;/strong&gt;  →   niquel (Nickel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cu&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cobre (Copper)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zn&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cinc (Zinc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ga&lt;/strong&gt;  →   galio (Gallium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ge&lt;/strong&gt;  →   germanio (Germanium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As&lt;/strong&gt;  →   arsénico (Arsenic)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt;  →   selenio (Selenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Br&lt;/strong&gt;  →   bromo (Bromine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   kriptón (Krypton)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   rubidio (Rubidium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   estroncio (Strontium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y&lt;/strong&gt;   →   ytrio (Yttrium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   circonio (Zirconium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   niobio (Niobium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mo&lt;/strong&gt;  →   molibdeno (Molybdenum)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tc&lt;/strong&gt;  →   tecnecio (Technetium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ru&lt;/strong&gt;  →   rutenio (Ruthenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rh&lt;/strong&gt;  →   rodio (Rhodium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pd&lt;/strong&gt;  →   paladio (Palladium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ag&lt;/strong&gt;  →   plata (Silver)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cd&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cadmio (Cadmium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In&lt;/strong&gt;  →   indio (Indium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sn&lt;/strong&gt;  →   estaño (Tin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   antimonio (Antimony)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt;  →   teluro (Tellurium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;   →   yodo (Iodine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xe&lt;/strong&gt;  →   xenón (Xenon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cs&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cesio (Caesium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ba&lt;/strong&gt;  →   bario (Barium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt;  →   lantano (Lanthanum)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ce&lt;/strong&gt;  →   cerio (Cerium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   praseodimio (Praseodymium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nd&lt;/strong&gt;  →   neodimio (Neodymium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pm&lt;/strong&gt;  →   prometio (Promethium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sm&lt;/strong&gt;  →   samario (Samarium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eu&lt;/strong&gt;  →   europio (Europium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gd&lt;/strong&gt;  →   gadolinio (Gadolinium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   terbio (Terbium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dy&lt;/strong&gt;  →   disprosio (Dysprosium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ho&lt;/strong&gt;  →   holmio (Holmium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Er&lt;/strong&gt;  →   erbio (Erbium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tm&lt;/strong&gt;  →   tulio (Thulium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   yterbio (Ytterbium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lu&lt;/strong&gt;  →   lutecio (Lutetium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hf&lt;/strong&gt;  →   hafnio (Hafnium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ta&lt;/strong&gt;  →   tántalo (Tantalum)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt;   →   wolframio &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15801/1674&quot;&gt;o tungsteno&lt;/a&gt; (Tungsten)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Re&lt;/strong&gt;  →   renio (Rhenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Os&lt;/strong&gt;  →   osmio (Osmium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ir&lt;/strong&gt;  →   iridio (Iridium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pt&lt;/strong&gt;  →   platino (Platinum)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Au&lt;/strong&gt;  →   oro (Gold)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hg&lt;/strong&gt;  →   mercurio (Mercury)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tl&lt;/strong&gt;  →   talio (Thallium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pb&lt;/strong&gt;  →   plomo (Lead)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bi&lt;/strong&gt;  →   bismuto (Bismuth)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Po&lt;/strong&gt;  →   polonio (Polonium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;At&lt;/strong&gt;  →   astato (Astatine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rn&lt;/strong&gt;  →   radón (Radon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fr&lt;/strong&gt;  →   francio (Francium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ra&lt;/strong&gt;  →   radio (Radium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ac&lt;/strong&gt;  →   actinio (Actinium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Th&lt;/strong&gt;  →   torio (Thorium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pa&lt;/strong&gt;  →   protactinio (Protactinium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt;   →   uranio (Uranium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Np&lt;/strong&gt;  →   neptunio (Neptunium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pu&lt;/strong&gt;  →   plutonio (Plutonium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Am&lt;/strong&gt;  →   americio (Americium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cm&lt;/strong&gt;  →   curio (Curium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bk&lt;/strong&gt;  →   berkelio (Berkelium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cf&lt;/strong&gt;  →   californio (Californium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt;  →   einsteinio (Einsteinium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fm&lt;/strong&gt; →   fermio (Fermium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Md&lt;/strong&gt; →   mendelevio (Mendelevium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; →   nobelio (Nobelium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lr&lt;/strong&gt; →   lawrencio (Lawrencium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rf&lt;/strong&gt; →   rutherfordio (Rutherfordium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Db&lt;/strong&gt; →   dubnio (Dubnium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sg&lt;/strong&gt; →   seaborgio (Seaborgium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bh&lt;/strong&gt; →   bohrio (Bohrium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hs&lt;/strong&gt; →   hassio (Hassium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mt&lt;/strong&gt; →   meitnerio (Meitnerium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ds&lt;/strong&gt; →   darmstadtio (Darmstadtium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rg&lt;/strong&gt; →   roentgenio (Roentgenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cn&lt;/strong&gt; →   copernicio (Copernicium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T14:01:56.500" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1285" CreationDate="2013-12-09T04:32:56.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Nicaragua we use the word &lt;em&gt;chepa&lt;/em&gt; as slang for someone who's always getting into other's business to get gossip.&#xA;&quot;No seás chepa, dejá de meterte en mis cosas.&quot;&#xA;&quot;Don't be a chepa, stop getting in my stuff.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2178" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T04:32:56.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1324" CreationDate="2013-12-09T20:25:01.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me break these into groups, because the English adjectives you list are not synonyms. Hopefully you'll get a sense from this that there isn't so much of a broad term for people and cultures that may share a culture and language, but ultimately are every bit as distinct as the USA, Australia, and South Africa are. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Chicano&quot; specifically refers to Mexican Americans, and has strong political associations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hispanic, Latin, Latino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These all ultimately refer to the Roman Empire, which expanded into the Iberian peninsula fairly early in its history. The Romans referred to the province as Hispania. Note that relating back to that peninsula can have political meaning, and does not necessarily imply a difference between Spain and Portugal as the historical colonial power that colonized an area. If someone wanted to be more explicit about an ethnic tie back to Europe, they may use &quot;criollo&quot; (same root as the English &quot;creole&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Spanish-speaking&quot; is probably most directly translated as &quot;hispanohablante,&quot; but that again doesn't necessarily mean &quot;que habla Español.&quot; Note also that in Spain, what you might think of as the Spanish language is generally referred to as &quot;castellano&quot; (Castilian Spanish), as there are many Spanish dialects—and again, these dialects are often tied to deep political and ethnic beliefs.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2181" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T20:25:01.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4516" CreationDate="2013-12-09T21:44:08.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also note that in most of Computational Software, &quot;About&quot; is translated as &quot;Acerca de...&quot; (Next to Help to show information about the software itself). I saw this by the first time in Windows 95. Now, all softwares translate in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T21:44:08.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4122" CreationDate="2013-12-09T22:05:24.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be careful, &quot;evidencia convincente&quot; is absolutely correct. Why? just because &quot;evidencia&quot; is the object or the action that is being observed. &quot;Convincente&quot; is acting qualifying that object. It is typically use in Laws. Let say that someone committed a crime, then a lawyer show to the court a video that expose the crime. In this case the &quot;evidencia&quot; is the video, but think carefully: do all the lawyers show &quot;true&quot; evidence to the court?, possibly but it is not sure. Not all &quot;evidencia&quot; is enough to probe something, but there is some &quot;evidencia&quot; that are enough by itself, well that evidence you can call it &quot;evidencia convincente&quot;. Just bacuse it has the property of being itself enough clear and self-explanatory to expose what is being it. In this way you can say &quot;La evidencia no es convincente, por tanto será desechado por esta corte.&quot; also you can say &quot;La evidencia es convincente para esta corte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT (add info):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;versus&quot; is often use in scientific context (i think this is the case). Also it is very use in scientific charts comparing two variables (in this case &quot;light&quot; and &quot;darkness&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T22:05:24.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4541" CreationDate="2013-12-10T09:55:12.383" Score="1" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between añadir and exagerar? In my dictionary añadir means to add and to exagerrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;exagera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez cuando estamos trabajando en un proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;añade&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez cuando estamos trabajando en un proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-12-10T14:11:21.777" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T16:08:05.023" Title="What is the difference between &quot;añadir&quot; and &quot;exagerar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4538" CreationDate="2013-12-10T11:47:51.600" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;What dictionary is that? “Añadir” doesn't mean to exaggerate, unless it's some obscure dialectal usage (in which case I doubt it would appear in a Spanish-English dictionary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Exagerar” means to exaggerate (to say something is bigger/better/etc than it actually is), and “añadir” just means to add something to something else, possibly making it bigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But your second sentence is strange. Written as is, it means there is a problem everybody knows about, including the reader, and every time we are working on a project he adds it (to the project--it's implied).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to say he makes the problem bigger (by adding something to it), then you should say “él añade &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; problema”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases you are missing one part: “él añade el problema (¿a qué?)”, “él añade (¿qué?) al problema”, therefore the sentences don't sound well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the word you are looking for is “&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/?key=aumentar&quot;&gt;aumentar&lt;/a&gt;” or “&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/?key=agrandar&quot;&gt;agrandar&lt;/a&gt;”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also the definition of “&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/?key=a%C3%B1adir&quot;&gt;añadir&lt;/a&gt;”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, “cada vez cuando” doesn't sound very well. It's better to say “cada vez que”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T11:47:51.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4538" CreationDate="2013-12-10T14:31:09.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use 'añadir' in a similar way to add in English, so you are including something in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example the problem is added in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'exagerar' means that something is been emphasised to be the principal subject, you do not need to add anything in the context because usually is on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example the problem the interlocutor wants the problem to be the principal subject of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2186" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T14:31:09.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4538" CreationDate="2013-12-10T15:48:37.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verb &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;añadir&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; is a ditransitive verb, which requires both a direct object (what you add) and an indirect object (what you add it to).  It also has a neutral connotation.  You add something to something.  Period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verb &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;exagerar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; is a transitive verb, which requires a direct object (what you enlarge).  It also has a non-neutral connotation: You enlarge something excessively (e.g. you exaggerate something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are neutral translations to enlarge, such as &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;agrandar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;aumentar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;, which are also transitive, requiring an object (what you enlarge).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the corrected phrases would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;exagera&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez que trabajamos en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;agranda&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez que trabajamos en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él le &lt;strong&gt;añade&lt;/strong&gt; complicaciones&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; al problema cada vez que trabajamos en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él le &lt;strong&gt;añade&lt;/strong&gt; problemas al proyecto cada vez que trabajamos en uno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;complicaciones&lt;/em&gt; might be changed for a more expressive word, with probable regional variants.  In Colombia and the Caribbean that be &lt;em&gt;«vainas»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, first, &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;añadir&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; requires a completely different construction than &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;exagerar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;.  It requires something to be added and something to add that to.  What you add might imply it is “too much“ or might not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the difference between &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;agrandar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;exagerar&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; is the same difference than between “to enlarge” and “to exaggerate”.  The first is neutral and the second implies excess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these particular examples, &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;exagerar&lt;/strong&gt; el problema»&lt;/em&gt; would mean that he complains about the problem by claiming that the problem is bigger than it is, or to make the problem bigger than it should be, while &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;agrandar&lt;/strong&gt; el problema»&lt;/em&gt; is to actually make the problem bigger than it was; or to find arguments to claim that the problem is bigger than it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thinking in the construction «cada vez cuando» I might find a possibility that it is not completely incorrect, but it would require a comma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;exagera&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez, cuando estamos trabajando en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;exagera&lt;/strong&gt; el problema cada vez que trabajamos en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the comma is still a little stylistic awkward but would be grammatically correct.  In this case &lt;em&gt;«cada vez»&lt;/em&gt; would mean somthing like &lt;em&gt;«cada vez que habla»&lt;/em&gt;, while “we working in a project” is the context.  I've heard and used that tacit &lt;em&gt;«que habla»&lt;/em&gt; but it is not a good style. A better rephrasing of that meaning would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se la pasa &lt;strong&gt;exagerando&lt;/strong&gt; el problema mientras estamos trabajando en un proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you know the original phrase and its meaning.  In English it would be the difference between.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He exaggerates the problem every time (he speaks), when we are working in a project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He exaggerates the problem every time that we are working in a project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rephrasing would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He keeps exaggerating the problem when we are working in a project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-10T16:08:05.023" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T16:08:05.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4544" CreationDate="2013-12-10T16:12:56.857" Score="0" ViewCount="959" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some examples of the use of  the Spanish verb  &quot;pensar&quot; , in propositions containing also other verbs  ,nouns or pronouns  ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2187" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T19:03:45.077" Title="how to use the Spanish word &quot;pensar&quot; , in propositions" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-01-18T13:59:57.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4542" CreationDate="2013-12-10T16:15:22.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso que no deberías ir&quot; (verb)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso en ti&quot; (pronoun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso en María&quot; (noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, 'pensar' is constructed with 'que' or 'en'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T16:15:22.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4542" CreationDate="2013-12-10T16:23:13.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso, luego existo.&lt;/em&gt; - I think, therefor I am.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marta piensa que su hijo es un genio.&lt;/em&gt; - Marta thinks his son is a genius.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raúl piensa comprarse una casa.&lt;/em&gt; - Raúl is thinking about buying a house.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Déjame pensar el problema.&lt;/em&gt; - Let me think about the problem.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No lo pienses tanto.&lt;/em&gt; - Don't think about it too much.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sandra piensa en su novio.&lt;/em&gt; - Sandra thinks in her boyfriend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Samples 1. and 6. are intransitive (&lt;em&gt;«en su novio»&lt;/em&gt; is not a direct object), while samples 2, 3., 4. and 5. are transitive with object being a subordinate proposition (&lt;em&gt;«que su hijo es un genio»&lt;/em&gt;), a verb (&lt;em&gt;«comprarse»&lt;/em&gt;), a noun (&lt;em&gt;«el problema»&lt;/em&gt;) and a pronoun (&lt;em&gt;«lo»&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T16:23:13.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4546" CreationDate="2013-12-10T18:47:30.283" Score="3" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Last week I saw my husband's aunt&quot; translated to &quot;La semana pasada vi &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; la tia de mi esposo&quot;. I always miss the little &quot;a&quot; when I see a sentence like this. Could someone help me summarize when it is needed? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2177" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T20:00:43.587" Title="When to use &quot;a&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4545" CreationDate="2013-12-10T19:49:44.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish when the direct object is a person and is not given by pronoun it always bare the article &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt;.  Always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La semana pasada vi &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la tía de mi esposo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La semana pasada la vi.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you repeat the pronoun for emphasis, then you also add &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La semana pasada la vi &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it is also required when the object is animate, particularly if it is determinate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi gato cazó &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; ratón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Mi gato cazó un ratón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct object will never use preposition &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt; for innanimated objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La semana pasada vi la casa de mis sueños.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La semana pasada la vi.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indirect object will always use the preposition &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt; or the dative form of the pronoun, regardless if it is personal, animate, innanimate, determinate or indeterminate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puse una estrella &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi árbol de navidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Le puse una estrella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can combine the dative pronoun with the explicit indirect object for emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le puse una estrella &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi árbol de navidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these example, if you prefere to use a pronoun for the direct object, it will use the accusative pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puse la estrella a mi árbol de navidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La puse a mi árbol de navidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if there are two third-person pronouns, the indirect object (dative) pronoun will be changed for the reflexive third-person pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se la puse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But back to the topic of the preposition &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt;.  If a verb has both direct and indirect object and the direct object is a person, both objects will have the preposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El padre entregó &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; su hija &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El padre entregó &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; su hija.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some times it might become a little ambiguous, as you can see; just in this case the rule of the personal direct object always having the preposition might be dropped:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El padre entregó su hija &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El padre entregó &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio su hija.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when using a personal name as direct object, the preposition &lt;em&gt;«a»&lt;/em&gt; cannot be dropped:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El padre entregó &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Sandra &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El padre entregó &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; novio &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Sandra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-10T20:00:43.587" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T20:00:43.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4550" CreationDate="2013-12-10T22:25:20.497" Score="1" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say ‘He turns out to be a good guy’ in Castilian Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resulté un buen hombre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T00:49:55.480" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T00:49:55.480" Title="How do you say ‘he turns out to be...’ in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1000" CreationDate="2013-12-10T23:38:49.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; can become, has the potential, to be a synonym of &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot;; when used as a preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; can be used as a synonym; it is context dependent and can have multiple meanings. It is true that &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; is a bit more precise, there is just one way of using it, only one meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of this ambiguity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;synonym of &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro habla sobre la historia de Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;The book talks about the history of France.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;locative preposition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejé el libro sobre la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I left the book over the table.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dominance, superiority&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy enojado por lo sucedido, pero sobre todo, por tu falta de respeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I am upset for what happened, but above all, for your lack of respect.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those examples are for &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; used as a preposition, so it can be used on three different forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preposition - see above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;noun - &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;envelope&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;composite element - &amp;quot;sobresaltar&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;suddenly scare&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why it is context dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2190" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T20:32:14.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4548" CreationDate="2013-12-11T03:34:26.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Resultó ser un buen hombre'&#xA;&lt;em&gt;He&lt;/em&gt; is implicit; It is part of the past tense for the verb &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;Also, we need the &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (to be)&#xA;Optionally, instead of &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;, we may say &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt; (person), since &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used to mean &quot;an adult man&quot;, but if the guy is let's say 20 years old or less,then &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt; is misleading.&#xA;so, 'Resultó ser una buena persona' works well for a man of any age. (Except for young kids)&#xA;Notice that &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt; does not have gender, it can be used for men as well as women.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastEditorUserId="2192" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T03:40:07.147" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T03:40:07.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4565" CreationDate="2013-12-11T05:09:49.737" Score="1" ViewCount="552" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say ‘I like to go out in such nice weather’ in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustaria salir en un tal buen tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T00:50:31.763" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T00:50:31.763" Title="How do I say ‘I like to go out in such nice weather’ in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4551" CreationDate="2013-12-11T05:46:55.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir en un clima tan bueno como este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir en un clima así de bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir con tan buen tiempo/clima&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2193" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T05:46:55.043" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4554" CreationDate="2013-12-11T06:01:25.273" Score="0" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say ‘Watching him eat makes me hungry’ in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo veo comer me tiene hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T00:47:11.187" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T18:57:02.267" Title="How do I say ‘Watching him eat makes me hungry’?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4553" CreationDate="2013-12-11T06:30:01.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verlo comer me da hambre&lt;/strong&gt; or &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Verlo comer me pone hambriento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one uses the noun 'famine/hunger' and the second one uses the adjective 'hungry'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2193" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T06:30:01.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4561" CreationDate="2013-12-11T09:53:23.313" Score="1" ViewCount="647" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say ‘What's it like living in Mexico’ in Castilian Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que es vivir en Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T08:22:44.890" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T08:22:44.890" Title="How do you say ‘What's it like living in Mexico?’ in Castilian Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4558" CreationDate="2013-12-11T09:59:06.997" Score="2" ViewCount="69847" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it oldfashioned to write Mejico instead of Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estoy viviendo en el estado de California, pero soy de Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estoy viviendo en el estado de California, pero soy de Mejico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T01:33:26.840" Title="Mejico or Mexico?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-12-11T11:01:32.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4557" CreationDate="2013-12-11T10:50:34.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally the spelling with &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish &lt;em&gt;(castellano antiguo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; spelling. In the Old Spanish you'd have for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Quixote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don Quixote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. This changed with establishment of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;, which published in 1754 published new edition of &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ortografia de la lengua castellana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which pretty much defined modern spelling. One of the changes was that the &lt;em&gt;/x/&lt;/em&gt; sound would be spelled with &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; would only represent &lt;em&gt;/ks/&lt;/em&gt; sound. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;, being a proper name is exception from the rule. In fact &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/M%C3%A9jico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the only spelling&lt;/a&gt; appearing in the official dictionary of Real Academia Española. Spelling &lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt; is still sometimes used in Spain, but it's never used elsewhere in Spanish speaking countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The names of places stayed with the old spelling for historical reason, this is true for Mexico, Oaxaca and Texas, however names like Xavier had to use the new spelling Javier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also changed names that start with big I (Iota) now Jota (J) like Iesus changed to Jesus&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T01:33:26.840" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4560" CreationDate="2013-12-11T11:00:39.160" Score="8" ViewCount="29097" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned Spanish in Mexico, where &quot;I miss you&quot; is &quot;Te extraño.&quot;  However, I've recently been traveling around Europe, and I learned the Spanish phrase for the same is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te echo de menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the origin and literal meaning of this phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T11:40:22.203" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T05:22:08.000" Title="Origin of &quot;Te echo de menos.&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4559" CreationDate="2013-12-11T11:13:36.430" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The origin is linked to the Portuguese way of saying I miss you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Achar menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Achar menos means 'feel the need of' or something similar because of the connotation of the expression 'to find someone less than before'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By extension, this expression was adapted to the Spanish language using the closest verb to replace achar: echar. Which should have been 'hallar' (find) instead. This is of course, a hypothesis, the use of 'echar de menos' has been mutated from the colonial times, where in some old writings the expression 'echar menos' can be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of echar menos is: 'Throw less' WTF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2193" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T11:20:14.557" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T11:20:14.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4556" CreationDate="2013-12-11T11:18:29.050" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way of saying it is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cómo&lt;/strong&gt; es vivir en México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you wrote can be translated as: &lt;em&gt;What is living in Mexico?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2193" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T18:27:50.923" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T18:27:50.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4559" CreationDate="2013-12-11T11:18:48.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/echar_de_menos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this resource&lt;/a&gt; (with some further links to some references such as RAE, which explains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression is of Portuguese origin &lt;em&gt;“achar menos”&lt;/em&gt; and is documented in Castilian Spanish since the 18th century as &lt;em&gt;«echar menos»&lt;/em&gt; (without the preposition) although currently it is almost always used with preposition &lt;em&gt;«echar de menos»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source also claims it has no logic in Spanish, so it is just a calc from Portuguese, but is common enough that it is part of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I certainly understand it (in Colombia), and use it although less frequently than &lt;em&gt;«extrañar»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P. S. I just saw Daniel's answer and he gives a better description of the etimology in Portuguese and how it was incorrectly adapted to Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T11:24:16.000" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T11:24:16.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4551" CreationDate="2013-12-11T11:50:54.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your attempt is a good first try, but it has several inaccuracies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaria salir en un tal buen tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;I would like&lt;/em&gt;.  The &lt;em&gt;-ia&lt;/em&gt; ending is used in the Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/conditional.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conditional tense&lt;/a&gt;.  But in your sentence, you simply want to say &amp;quot;I like&amp;quot;, so &lt;strong&gt;Me gusta&lt;/strong&gt; is what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;un .. tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't talk about &amp;quot;A weather&amp;quot; in Spanish (or in English, for that matter).  By including the word &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;, it makes it appear (at least to me), that you're talking about &lt;em&gt;a good time&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; can mean both &lt;em&gt;time&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;weather&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish).  So get rid of &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tal buen tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't believe I have ever confused &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt;, but it seems to be a common confusion.  But in your case, you definitely want &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;. You can read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=tal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=tan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, or feel free to ask another question to dig into the differences in more detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So after these adjustments, the correct translation for your phrase would be (changes highlighted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta&lt;strike&gt;ria&lt;/strike&gt; salir en &lt;strike&gt;un&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt; buen tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T11:50:54.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4553" CreationDate="2013-12-11T12:06:48.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Watching him eat makes me hungry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To properly translate this sentence requires some basic understanding of both English and Spanish.  The word &quot;watching&quot; looks like a verb here, which leads the Spanish beginner to try to conjugate it as a verb, but it's really not a verb.  It's a noun.  Consider a slight variation, which helps to illustrate this point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ice cream makes me hungry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, when we use a verb as a noun, as in &quot;watching&quot;, we use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerund&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gerund&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like &lt;em&gt;swimming&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, when we use a verb as a noun, we use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/infinitives/a/infinitive_noun.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;infinitive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta &lt;em&gt;nadar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We actually use the same construct in English as well, and if you mentally convert the gerund form of a verb-as-a-noun into the infinitive in English before translating, the translation into Spanish will be easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like &lt;em&gt;to swim&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So armed with this bit of knowledge, we can rule out the conjugation of &quot;ver&quot; in your first attempt.  This leaves us with the infinitive form, &lt;strong&gt;verlo&lt;/strong&gt; in place of &lt;strong&gt;lo veo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To make one hungry is an idiomatic expression in Spanish. It doesn't translate literally.  I don't know of any way to know this, except to learn it.  To make one hungry in Spanish is to &quot;give hunger&quot;, or &lt;strong&gt;dar hambre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that leaves us with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verlo&lt;/strong&gt; comer me &lt;strong&gt;da&lt;/strong&gt; hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To see him eat gives me hunger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T12:06:48.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4551" CreationDate="2013-12-11T12:22:28.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One different (and more common way in Spain IMHO) way to say it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir con tan buen tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir cuando hace un tiempo tan bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T12:22:28.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4567" CreationDate="2013-12-11T12:37:35.680" Score="3" ViewCount="951" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &lt;em&gt;&quot;On second thought&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensándolo bien, ¡no vamos al cine!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any alternative for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-03T20:16:56.523" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T20:16:56.523" Title="How do I say 'On second thought' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4566" CreationDate="2013-12-11T12:44:01.270" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;«pensándolo bien»&lt;/em&gt; is a very good translation and pretty common.  Also &lt;em&gt;«pensándolo mejor»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;reconsiderándolo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;por otro lado (sería mejor)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ahora que lo pienso&lt;/em&gt; (suggested by Alexis and SysDragon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;repensándolo&lt;/em&gt; (suggested by Diego Andrés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;si lo pienso (bien/mejor)&lt;/em&gt; (suggested by Diego Andrés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;al pensarlo mejor&lt;/em&gt; (suggested by vartec)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'll keep posting if I remember more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T16:02:43.067" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T16:02:43.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4566" CreationDate="2013-12-11T14:35:02.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pensándolo bien&lt;/code&gt;, the one that you gave, is the most common in my opinion, but you could also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensándolo mejor, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora que lo pienso, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mejor pensado, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some sentences that should be used with context, but can have similar meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que lo dices, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora que caigo, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T14:35:02.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4566" CreationDate="2013-12-11T15:08:16.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an informal use which is &lt;code&gt;dando una vuelta más&lt;/code&gt;, an even more informal &lt;code&gt;dando una vuelta de tuerca&lt;/code&gt;. Also you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si lo pienso mejor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora que lo pienso mejor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora que lo pienso bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensando mejor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repensándolo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desde otro punto de vista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensando nuevamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-03T20:14:08.323" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T20:14:08.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4559" CreationDate="2013-12-11T15:34:06.240" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me separate by parts to explain the meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt;: of course meaning &quot;to you&quot;, meaning that whatever comes -mainly an action from who speak- is &quot;operating&quot; over the person who goes the action -mainly You-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Echo&lt;/strong&gt;: not confuse with &quot;Hecho&quot; (also an action but meaning &quot;make&quot; comes from &quot;Hacer&quot;). &quot;Echo&quot; means that subject do an action mainly &quot;to throw&quot; something to somewhere or &quot;to give&quot; something to someone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de menos&lt;/strong&gt;: note that here we put it together (&quot;de&quot; and &quot;menos&quot;), meaning that there is a decrease on an action over something or someone (in this case what is decreasing is the meetings between them in this way what he/she is missing is the physical contact with she/he )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: note that when someone says &quot;Yo te hecho&quot; then he/she is expressing that he is doing the action but is another one who is involved in the action. Let say that &lt;em&gt;I am doing something&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;I am experiencing something&lt;/em&gt; that you are involved; what is this? well, I am feeling the sensation that we are far apart and the sensation that I have missing something, I have lost something that in the past I had, what I have lost? well, it could be the meetings we had, the talks we had, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example take the phrase &quot;Echo de menos a mi perro&quot; (I miss my dog; meaning that there is someone -my dog- that is less &quot;something&quot; compared to the past...maybe his dog has dead and he miss to give affect to his dog). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T09:36:27.087" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T09:36:27.087" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2013-12-12T05:25:02.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Salvadorian friends pronounce both as y as in &quot;yo&quot;, as did my Spanish teacher (from Spain).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Colombian food vendors pronounce both as &quot;zh or j&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In cuba i hear y for the most part for both but have heard &quot;j&quot; for y and in a sportscast I heard one guy pronounce it &quot;bee-ya clara&quot;  and the other guy &quot;bee-ja clara&quot; for Villa Clara, so i guess it depends on how their parents spoke. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2197" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T13:53:29.497" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:53:29.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4572" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4575" CreationDate="2013-12-12T08:56:21.467" Score="2" ViewCount="3927" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;ocurrir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suceder&lt;/code&gt;? Both mean &quot;to happen&quot;, but are they used in certain contexts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La fiesta &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ocurrió&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en la ciudad de Población.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La fiesta &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sucedió&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en la ciudad de Población.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:15:22.380" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T03:15:22.380" Title="Usage of &quot;ocurrir&quot; and &quot;suceder&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4654" CreationDate="2013-12-12T09:07:04.330" Score="2" ViewCount="1669" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &lt;em&gt;What happens if...&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que pasa, si vaya a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-13T19:48:29.450" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T12:08:19.297" Title="How do I say ‘what happens if...’ in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4573" CreationDate="2013-12-12T09:11:46.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué pasa si voy a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué ocurre si...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué sucede si...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note the accent mark and the opening question mark)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T09:11:46.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4572" CreationDate="2013-12-12T09:17:20.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct name of the verbs is &lt;code&gt;ocurrir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suceder&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has at least three verbs that can mean &amp;quot;to happen,&amp;quot; and all three of them — pasar, ocurrir and suceder — are fairly common. Although pasar is the most common and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, many times the three verbs are interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasar:&lt;/strong&gt; As indicated in the lesson on pasar, pasar has a variety of meanings, including &amp;quot;to pass&amp;quot; in various senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ocurrir:&lt;/strong&gt; Ocurrir is a cognate of the English &amp;quot;to occur&amp;quot; and has much the same meaning, although the synonym &amp;quot;to happen&amp;quot; is a more common translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suceder:&lt;/strong&gt; Suceder also is often used to mean &amp;quot;to happen.&amp;quot; Note that while suceder is related to the English verb &amp;quot;to succeed,&amp;quot; it never has the meaning of &amp;quot;to have success,&amp;quot; although it can mean &amp;quot;succeed&amp;quot; in the sense of &amp;quot;to take the place of&amp;quot; as in &amp;quot;suceder al trono,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;to succeed to the throne.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/translationsfromenglish/a/happen.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Information and examples&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others suggested, I wouldn't use any of those in your example, as parties are commonly &lt;em&gt;celebrated&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La fiesta &lt;strong&gt;se celebró&lt;/strong&gt; en la ciudad de Alicante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-16T13:06:25.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4572" CreationDate="2013-12-12T09:20:28.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With that usage, when they mean &lt;em&gt;to happen&lt;/em&gt;, they're pretty much synonyms. But they both have other meanings. For example, &lt;em&gt;ocurrir&lt;/em&gt;, in its pronominal form, can also mean &lt;em&gt;to come up with&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La idea se me ocurrió mientras me duchaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I came up with that idea while having a shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;suceder&lt;/em&gt; may also mean &lt;em&gt;succeed&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felipe III sucedió a Felipe II en el trono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felipe III succeeded Felipe II to the throne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, I wouldn't use either of those in the example you're suggesting, because parties don't just happen, they're celebrated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1149" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T09:20:28.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4577" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4580" CreationDate="2013-12-12T10:42:29.840" Score="1" ViewCount="489" Body="&lt;p&gt;When are &lt;code&gt;desde&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; used? &lt;code&gt;Desde&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; both mean &quot;from&quot;, but in what context are they used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estoy corriendo &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; la puerta al cuarto de mi nieto Paulo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De&lt;/strong&gt; Barcelona le escribe una carta a su novia Juana.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:12:33.970" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T03:12:33.970" Title="Usage of &quot;desde&quot; and &quot;de&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4573" CreationDate="2013-12-12T10:57:54.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer from SysDragon is correct, but most times you can think on using these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué sucedería si...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué ocurriría si...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;due to the fact that you are not talking about a certainty but about a possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T10:57:54.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4577" CreationDate="2013-12-12T11:49:26.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use 'desde' or 'de' when you're speaking about some point in space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estoy corriendo desde la puerta al cuarto de mi nieto Paulo.&#xA;Estoy corriendo de la puerta al cuarto de mi nieto Paulo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De Barcelone le escribe una carta a su novia Juana.&#xA;Desde Barcelone le escribe una carta a su novia Juana.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But remember that only you an use them that way when you're speaking about some point in space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T11:49:26.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4577" CreationDate="2013-12-12T12:46:42.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Desde' implies the start of an extent of time or space, and there is always an implied 'hasta' (to). So you can run from 10:00 to 10:15 (&quot;Correr desde las 10 hasta las 10:15&quot;) or, as in your example, &quot;hasta el cuarto de mi nieto Paulo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, 'De' does not imply a start but an origin. So your second example would not be correct, it would be again 'desde' since there is a space extent from Barcelona to the place where Juana is: &quot;Le escribe una carta a su novia Juana desde Barcelona&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T12:46:42.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4585" CreationDate="2013-12-12T16:01:36.793" Score="0" ViewCount="4511" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say 'It feels like' in Spanish? I'd like to say it in this context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's 4 in the afternoon over here, but it feels like 9 in the evening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-13T10:09:11.510" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T21:39:15.093" Title="How do I say 'It feels like' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4581" CreationDate="2013-12-12T16:04:38.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son las cuatro de la tarde aquí, pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;parece que&lt;/strong&gt; fueran&lt;/em&gt; las nueve de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T16:04:38.623" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-12T16:06:43.100" Score="0" ViewCount="527" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say ‘It looks to me’  in Spanish? I'd like to say it in this context: “It looks to me that I am going to Spain again.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-13T19:50:33.177" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T19:50:33.177" Title="How do I say ‘It looks to me’ in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-01-18T13:59:30.513" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4583" CreationDate="2013-12-12T16:19:39.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Me parece'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me parece que iré a España de nuevo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T16:19:39.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4581" CreationDate="2013-12-12T16:51:22.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another way to say is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pareciera que son las nueve de la noche, pero son solo las cuatro de la tarde.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T16:51:22.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4581" CreationDate="2013-12-12T18:47:44.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es como si fueran las nueve de la noche, pero son sólo las cuatro de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T18:47:44.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4593" CreationDate="2013-12-12T18:48:38.680" Score="25" ViewCount="148079" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most Spanish names are quite similar to the equivalent in English, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan → John&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pedro → Peter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maria → Mary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what's up with this one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Santiago → James&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the connection? How do the twain meet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other unusual Spanish/English name combinations like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T14:37:39.093" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T07:01:45.310" Title="Why is &quot;Santiago&quot; the equivalent of &quot;James&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4572" CreationDate="2013-12-12T18:54:47.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;La fiesta fue en la ciudad de Población&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explain on RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Suceder, acontecer, tener lugar. ¿Dónde fue la boda? El partido fue a las seis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/fue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fué&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T18:54:47.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4553" CreationDate="2013-12-12T18:57:02.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;De sólo verlo comer me da hambre&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More cryptic but academic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No bien lo veo comer, me da hambre&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T18:57:02.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4542" CreationDate="2013-12-12T19:03:45.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also as an adverb &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso como un niño&quot; (think as a child)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso como si estuviera borracho&quot; (think as if i were drunk&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso al revés&quot; (?)(meaning that you think different or totally oposed to someone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso cada vez más&quot; (?) (meaning that you think more over time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T19:03:45.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4506" CreationDate="2013-12-12T19:10:00.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In response to a geographical distribution, here in Chile it is absolutely not used. I have never said it nor heard it. It is very common in Spain. But if you use it in Chile, I think a certain percent of the population will understand you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always remember that Spanish varies from country to country, dictionary and main directives are in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;. Different meanings for different regions are indicated there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T21:43:05.677" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T21:43:05.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4588" CreationDate="2013-12-12T20:26:06.020" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the Wikipedia article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago_%28name%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Santiago (name)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santiago, (also San Iago, San Tiago, Santyago, Sant-Yago, San Thiago) is a Spanish name that derives from the Hebrew name Jacob (&lt;em&gt;Ya'akov&lt;/em&gt;) via &quot;Sant Iago,&quot; &quot;Sant Yago,&quot; &quot;Santo Iago,&quot; or &quot;Santo Yago,&quot; first used to denote Saint James the Great, the brother of John the Apostle. It was also the tradition that Saint James (Santiago) had travelled to the Iberian Peninsula during his life and was buried there. The name is also complicated in Spanish in that Jaime and Jacobo are modern&#xA;  versions of James. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another variant is Diego, as in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didacus_of_Alcal%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;San Diego&lt;/a&gt;, as a doublet or variation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2200" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-05T14:21:05.397" LastActivityDate="2018-08-05T14:21:05.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4573" CreationDate="2013-12-13T04:40:54.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that there are two kinds of conditional sentences in Spanish: the indicative conditional and the subjunctive conditional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasa si voy a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasaría si fuera a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is indicative.  You normally go to the beach with your parents or you are seriously considering about going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What happens if I go... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I go ..., then this happens: ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is subjunctive, and would mean an speculation.  You are just imagine an scenario, rather than planing to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What would happen if I went... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I went ..., then this would happen: ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the construction.  The indicative conditional will use indicative mood in both the condition (the subordinate sentence that begins with &lt;em&gt;«si»&lt;/em&gt;) and the consequent (the subordinate sentence that begins with tacit &lt;em&gt;«entonces»&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example using both present indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;pasa&lt;/strong&gt; si &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa con sin padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres, (entonces) me &lt;strong&gt;divierto&lt;/strong&gt; mucho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or using future indicative in the consequent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;pasará&lt;/strong&gt; si &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres, (entonces) me &lt;strong&gt;veré&lt;/strong&gt; con mis amigos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive conditional, uses a subjunctive mood in the condition &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; only the past subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;«fuera»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«fuese»&lt;/em&gt;) or future subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;«fuere»&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;never&lt;/strong&gt; the present subjunctive (as in &lt;em&gt;«vaya»&lt;/em&gt;), and it uses the conditional mood in the consequent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With past subjunctive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;pasaría&lt;/strong&gt; si &lt;strong&gt;fuese&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si &lt;strong&gt;fuese&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres, me &lt;strong&gt;insolaría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With future subjunctive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;pasaría&lt;/strong&gt; si &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; a la playa con mis padres, ellos no &lt;strong&gt;harían&lt;/strong&gt; sino molestarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing, the difference between the indicative conditional and the subjunctive conditional is that the indicative one is questioning about things you know, and the subjunctive is about what you speculate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Present indicative in both condition and consequent means that it is an habitual situation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Present indicative in condition and future indicative in consequent is about planning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Past subjunctive in condition, and conditional in consequent means simple speculation, probably leading to make a decision.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Future subjunctive in condition and conditional in consequent is just a mental exercise.  No plans involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, according to what you want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasa si voy a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt; - i.e. you are making a list of things that happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasará si voy a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt; - i.e. you are anticipating a possible outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasaría si fuera/fuese a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt; - i.e. you are analyzing pros and cons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasaría si fuere a la playa sin mis padres?&lt;/em&gt; - i.e. mental exercize, not actually planing to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(let's not complicate with composed tenses.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fell free to change &lt;em&gt;«pasar»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;«pasa»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«pasará»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«pasaría»&lt;/em&gt;) for &lt;em&gt;«suceder»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;«ocurrir»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T13:16:14.493" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T13:16:14.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4583" CreationDate="2013-12-13T05:30:02.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece, 'Me Parece que voy a ir a Espana otra vez'&#xA;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece, 'Parece que... '&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very popular way to say it is; 'creo'  As in 'Creo que voy a ir a Espana otra vez'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An extremely common and informal way is 'Para mi' As in 'Para mi que voy a ir a Espana otra vez'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T05:30:02.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4577" CreationDate="2013-12-13T06:06:39.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A key difference between 'de' and 'desde' is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'de' can be used as 'of' where 'desde' can't:  El ultimo dia de el mes' (The Last day of the month)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But many times 'de' is used as short for 'desde' :'Vinieron De el Norte' (They came From the North)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Desde' cannot be used instead of 'de' when denoting possession or belonging:&#xA;'La libertad de expresion' (The freedom of speech) But not 'La libertad desde expresion'&#xA;'El color de el cielo' (the color of the sky) But Not 'El color desde el cielo'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T06:06:39.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-13T06:27:56.850" Score="5" ViewCount="3387" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto decir 'Voy a Chicago' y 'Voy para Chicago'  (I'm going to Chicago)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so , how and when 'a' and 'para' are different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T16:55:50.200" Title="When to use 'a' and when to use 'para'?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4600" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-13T06:40:09.570" Score="4" ViewCount="1517" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that &lt;em&gt;indio&lt;/em&gt; is used in Spanish to mean Indian, indigene, and Hindu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are all three meanings correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T00:46:37.183" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T01:04:15.623" Title="Does &quot;indio&quot; mean Indian, indigene, and Hindu?" Tags="&lt;religión&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4600" CreationDate="2013-12-13T08:56:46.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &lt;em&gt;indio&lt;/em&gt; is often used as a polysemic word meaning Indian, indigene, or Hindu, in Spanish we have specific words for each of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hindu → hindú&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indian → indio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indigene → indígena&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, if using &lt;em&gt;indio&lt;/em&gt; to refer to one of the above three meanings one must ensure the context is unambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; using &lt;em&gt;indio&lt;/em&gt; for indigene sounds to me like some kind of insult. &lt;em&gt;Indio&lt;/em&gt; is used sometimes in a pejorative way, when referring to south-americans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-11T22:14:43.533" LastActivityDate="2020-02-11T22:14:43.533" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4599" CreationDate="2013-12-13T09:11:19.230" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; son preposiciones que pueden ser utilizadas de forma indistinta, cuando te refieres a un punto al que te dirijas como en tus ejemplos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy para Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; are prepositions that can be used without changing the meaning of your phrase, when you're talking about somewhere you are giong to, like in your samples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy para Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="987" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T09:11:19.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4581" CreationDate="2013-12-13T10:03:42.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish verb &lt;em&gt;to feel&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;.  However, context is important, as there are two distinct senses of &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt; → Speaks of &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; one feels&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;sentirse&lt;/em&gt; → Speaks of &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; one feels&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples in context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel the air. → Siento el aire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking of &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; one feels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel sad. → Me siento triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking of &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; one feels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in your specific context, there's a good possibility that &lt;em&gt;to feel&lt;/em&gt; isn't actually the right translation, although it depends on what you're trying to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best translation, as @Envite already suggested, is probably &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; which means &amp;quot;to seem like&amp;quot; (related to the English word &amp;quot;appearance&amp;quot;, if that helps you to remember).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son las 4 de la tarde por acá, pero &lt;strong&gt;parecen&lt;/strong&gt; las 9 de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's 4 in the afternoon over here, but it &lt;strong&gt;seems&lt;/strong&gt; like 9 in the evening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if your goal is to convey a more emotional sense, that is, it truly &lt;em&gt;feels&lt;/em&gt; like 9pm, on an emotional level, not simply due to viewing the position of the sun, etc, you could use the verb &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son las 4 de la tarde por acá, pero &lt;strong&gt;me siento&lt;/strong&gt; como si fueran las 9 de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's 4 in the afternoon over here, but &lt;strong&gt;I feel like&lt;/strong&gt; it's 9 in the evening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, you could probably use the other sense of &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;, and be understood, but it might seem a little bit odd and/or sloppy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son las 4 de la tarde por acá, pero &lt;strong&gt;se siente&lt;/strong&gt; como las 9 de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's 4 in the afternoon over here, but &lt;strong&gt;it feels&lt;/strong&gt; like 9 in the evening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T21:39:15.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4599" CreationDate="2013-12-13T10:27:46.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'a' is mostly used for a destination:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a Chicago&quot; (destination)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a la entrega de premios&quot; (the destination of the trip is the award dining itself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'para' is mostly used for a reason:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a Chicago para la entrega de premios&quot; (the destination of the trip is Chicago, as a whole, you may spend some days there, but the reason you are going to Chicago is the award dining)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="15240" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T16:55:50.200" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T16:55:50.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4599" CreationDate="2013-12-13T12:36:56.350" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usado con verbos de movimiento como «&lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;» y con lugares hay una diferencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Chicago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes asuntos que hacer en Chicago.  Chicago es el destino de un viaje que planeas hacer o estás haciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; Chicago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás en camino, en movimiento o a punto de partir.  El destino (final o inmediato) del itinerario es Chicago, pero Chicago es más un referente que un propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos sentidos son algo intercambiables y la preposición afecta más el sentido del verbo, en este caso «&lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;» entre un viajar como un propósito («ir a Chicago») o como un proceso («ir para Chicago»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using with movement verbs such as &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; and with places there is a difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have business in Chicago. Chicago is the destination of a trip you are planning to do or you are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; Chicago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are in motion or next to depart.  The (final or intermediate) destination is Chicago, but Chicago is rather a geographical reference than a purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These senses might be a little exchangeable and the preposition rathers affect the verb, in this case &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; from traveling as a purpose (&lt;em&gt;«ir a Chicago»&lt;/em&gt;) and as a process (&lt;em&gt;«ir para Chicago»&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T12:36:56.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4600" CreationDate="2013-12-13T14:48:07.517" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;indio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; referrs to someone from either the East Indies or the West Indies but contemporaneously usually refers to either an Indian national (someone from India or otherwise related to the Indian subcontinent) or someone ethnically related to the peoples who lived in the Americas before Columbus.  I don't know about other parts of the Spanish-speaking world, but at least in Colombia &lt;em&gt;&quot;indio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is also a pejorative for someone deemed to be less educated or from a lesser cultural level (regardless of ethnic background).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;indígena&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; would roughly translate in English to native, aboriginal or indigenous, so it could be applied to a Lapp (a Same) in Finland, an Australian aboriginal, or to an &lt;em&gt;indio&lt;/em&gt; from the Americas.  It could also be extended to a white blonde person German in Germany, although this meaning is rare.  Technically correct but rare.  In the Americas, many people say &lt;em&gt;&quot;indígena&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;&quot;indio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to avoid the other two meanings of &lt;em&gt;&quot;indio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (someone from India or the insult).  As with any other ethnically related word, some people adopt it with pride and some people will feel offended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;hindú&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; correctly applies to either someone from historical Hindustan or a follower of Hinduism.  By extension, and to avoid the use of &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;indio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (to avoid confusion with native Americans or the pejorative meaning) it is also applied to nationals of India.  Most educated people will agree that &lt;em&gt;&quot;hindú&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect when referring to just someone from India (unless related to Hindustan or Hinduism).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For avoiding confusion the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;hinduísta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; refers to a follower of Hinduism regardless of ethnic or national identity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another related word is &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;amerindio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; derived from &lt;em&gt;&quot;indio americano&quot;&lt;/em&gt; which refers to someone indigenous to the Americas, avoiding any confusion with &lt;em&gt;&quot;indio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (and being more precise than &lt;em&gt;&quot;indígena&quot;&lt;/em&gt;).  Also, while some people proudly adopt the exonym &lt;em&gt;&quot;amerindio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; others may take it offensively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;indio:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Indian national or related to India&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Native American&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[insult] an uncultured person&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;indígena:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indigenous, aboriginal, native&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[narrowly]: indigenous, aboriginal, or native of the Americas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hindú:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone related to Hindustan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Hindu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[by extension]: an Indian national&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-11T21:37:24.380" LastActivityDate="2020-02-11T21:37:24.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4608" CreationDate="2013-12-14T01:12:13.087" Score="0" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It made the hair on my neck stand up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish? I'd like to say it in this context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The horror film was so scary that it made hair in my neck stand up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2013-12-22T18:09:20.553" LastActivityDate="2013-12-22T18:09:20.553" Title="How do I say &quot;it made the hair on my neck stand up&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4607" CreationDate="2013-12-14T01:23:49.840" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La película de terror daba tanto miedo que &lt;em&gt;me puso los pelos de punta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-14T01:23:49.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-14T04:26:35.210" Score="4" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; estás allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; estás allí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you there &lt;strong&gt;yet&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be wrong to say 'Ya no' when trying to mean 'Not yet'. The translation of 'Not yet' is 'Todavia no'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, 'Ya no' is a very popular phrase used to say 'Not anymore'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the word 'Ya' means sometimes 'yet', sometimes 'already', and sometimes 'anymore'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T01:34:01.557" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T09:43:29.173" Title="Is the Spanish 'YA' equivalent to both 'already' and 'yet'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4609" CreationDate="2013-12-14T11:49:17.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are correct, it can mean 'yet', 'already' and 'anymore', depending on whether it goes with a positive, negative or interrogative particle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T01:36:42.547" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T01:36:42.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4612" CreationDate="2013-12-16T00:38:54.503" Score="0" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found dual language books very helpful in studying foreign languages, including Spanish. I've often wondered if the genre is also commonly found in the Spanish-language publishing world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this generic term, &quot;dual-language book&quot; exist in Spanish? If so what is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2047" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T12:27:25.013" Title="Is there a term for a &quot;dual-language&quot; book?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4611" CreationDate="2013-12-16T11:29:06.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term is, actually, &lt;code&gt;Bilingüe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T11:29:06.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4611" CreationDate="2013-12-16T12:27:25.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple y sencillamente &quot;bilingüe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2208" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T12:27:25.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4607" CreationDate="2013-12-16T12:47:12.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is some similar expressions in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poner los pelos de punta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poner la piel de gallina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the sentence you gave it will be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película de terror daba tanto miedo que me puso los pelos de punta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película era tan terrorífica que hizo que se me pusiera la piel de gallina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T12:47:12.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4617" CreationDate="2013-12-16T15:40:58.187" Score="4" ViewCount="79482" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;por eso&quot; y &quot;por ello&quot;?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existen casos en el que se puede usar uno y no el otro?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba lloviendo; por eso / por ello no pude ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-06T04:20:36.497" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T16:49:31.237" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;por eso&quot; y &quot;por ello&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4615" CreationDate="2013-12-16T16:10:45.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son equivalentes. &lt;code&gt;Por ello&lt;/code&gt; es más formal, y es más común oírlo en conferencias, por ejemplo, pero se pueden usar indistintamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tienes &lt;code&gt;Por esto&lt;/code&gt;, que es formal y se suele emplear al principio de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por esto, celebramos la convención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="2005" LastEditDate="2013-12-16T16:27:05.630" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T16:27:05.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4615" CreationDate="2013-12-16T16:55:53.727" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;También puedes utilizar &lt;code&gt;por aquello&lt;/code&gt; cuando te quieres referir a algo lejano en el tiempo al momento actual. Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por aquello (que ocurrió), me tuve que ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas son equivalentes (&lt;code&gt;por eso, por esto, por ello y por aquello&lt;/code&gt;) cuando quieres expresar la causa de una acción ocurrida. &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Por eso&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;por esto&lt;/code&gt; son muy similares y se pueden usar indistintamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sutil diferencia es el transcurso temporal de las acciones (&lt;code&gt;Por eso&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;por esto&lt;/code&gt;, cercanos en el tiempo; &lt;code&gt;por aquello&lt;/code&gt;, lejano en el tiempo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por ello&lt;/code&gt;, es más formal y no denota transcurso temporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T16:55:53.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4615" CreationDate="2013-12-16T19:58:07.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eso&quot; es un demostrativo que hace referencia a una cosa conocida a una distancia relativamente corta, mientras que &quot;ello&quot; es un pronombre que hace referencia a una cosa que ya has nombrado. En la mayoría de los casos vas a poder usarlos por igual, pero no son completamente intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-16T19:58:07.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4619" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4742" CreationDate="2013-12-17T04:40:04.563" Score="3" ViewCount="2507" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say 'I end up' in Spanish? I'd like to say it in this context :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wanted to get a cheaper hotel, but I ended up getting an expensive&#xA;  one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T12:22:24.520" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T01:45:21.763" Title="How do I say 'I end up' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4619" CreationDate="2013-12-17T05:49:13.943" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba buscando un hotel barato y (terminé/acabé) en uno más caro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quería un hotel barato y (terminé/acabé) en uno más caro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-01-11T01:45:21.763" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T01:45:21.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4621" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4622" CreationDate="2013-12-17T08:11:12.893" Score="3" ViewCount="879" Body="&lt;p&gt;When are &lt;em&gt;ándale&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;anda&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; used? Both mean 'Come on' but in what context are they used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, dime dinero para comprar un computador.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ándale&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, vamos a conducir a la playa mañana!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, veamos una peli!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T09:11:54.630" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T09:11:54.630" Title="Usage of 'ándale', 'vamos' and 'anda'" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4621" CreationDate="2013-12-17T08:16:23.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not only context-dependant but also location-dependant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ándale&quot; (or &quot;Ándele&quot; in a more formal way) is not common in all Spanish-speaking zones. I would say (I'm not an expert in those zones) that it is used mainly in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the other two, &quot;Anda&quot; in that imperative form is mostly used to move somebody to do something, while &quot;Vamos&quot; has that same usage and also the specific one of convince somebody to go to some place. They are mostly interchangeable, but there are subtle specificities that make one fit better (or slightly better) than the other in some sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T08:16:23.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4626" CreationDate="2013-12-17T09:38:19.117" Score="5" ViewCount="18551" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;¿qué haciendo?&quot; and &quot;¿qué estás haciendo?&quot; Do they mean 'How are you doing?'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué haciendo, loco?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué estás haciendo, loquillo?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:33:05.080" LastActivityDate="2019-11-12T20:50:58.640" Title="&quot;¿Qué haciendo?&quot; and &quot;¿qué estás haciendo?&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-17T10:04:40.130" Score="3" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish have a saying that basically means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To a person who is ready to understand or undertake something, any subtle signalling of it is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/nod-is-as-good-as-a-wink.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;phrase finder&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase is generally used when talking about illegal or sexually explicit behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate gives: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de un gesto tan bueno como un guiño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm guessing that doesn't have the same connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="357" LastEditorUserId="2213" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T10:15:13.670" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T11:31:34.253" Title="Equivalent for &quot;a nod's as good as a wink&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4627" CreationDate="2013-12-17T11:11:38.503" Score="2" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la oficina tenemos un jefe, y a una compañera le he dicho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él va a seguir siendo jefe tuyo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante lo que me ha surgido la duda, al ser &quot;jefe de ti&quot; ¿debería decirse &quot;jefe tuya&quot;?, ya que &quot;ti&quot; en este caso sería femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1764" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T05:34:32.840" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T05:34:32.840" Title="¿Cuál es la concordancia de género apropiada?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4623" CreationDate="2013-12-17T11:14:58.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué haciendo?&quot; could be some type of expression typical from South America, although I've never heard it before, it could be some derivative from &quot;Spanglish&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué estás haciendo?&quot; is the correct form in Spanish to ask &quot;What are you doing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T11:14:58.350" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4625" CreationDate="2013-12-17T11:20:10.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Quién es el jefe? --&gt; Él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuyo es un adjetivo posesivo que denota al sujeto de la oración, luego al ser Él el sujeto de la misma, el adjetivo debe aplicarse sobre éste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modo correcto es &quot;Él va a seguir siendo jefe tuyo&quot;, y si quieres evitar este tipo de problemas mejor &quot;Él va a seguir siendo tu jefe&quot;. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con una jefa: &quot;Ella va a seguir siendo jefa tuya&quot;, &quot;Ella va a seguir siendo tu jefa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo pasaría con otros adjetivos posesivos como mío/mía &quot;Ella va a seguir siendo jefa mía&quot; &quot;Él va a seguir siendo jefe mío&quot;, date cuenta que lo que importa es el sexo del sujeto, da igual cual sea mi sexo en las dos frases anteriores porque lo que denota el adjetivo es el sexo del sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="2214" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T12:48:39.087" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T12:48:39.087" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4624" CreationDate="2013-12-17T11:31:34.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several expressions that could fit into your description, not literally but close to it on meaning. However, none of this is mainly applicated to illegal or sexually explicit behaviour although they could definitively be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sobran las palabras&quot;, literally &quot;No words needed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A buen entendedor, pocas palabras bastan&quot;, this is a proverb, literally is something like &quot;Few words are needed to a good listener&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo no digo nada, que luego todo se sabe&quot;, this is also a proverb, it translates to something like &quot;I won't say anything, because otherwise everybody will know it&quot;, this is very... familiar, use it with caution, it could sound a bit redneck depending on your listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression you are asking for is very curious, because the standard way I'll communicate it would be just to wink an eye. :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T11:31:34.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4619" CreationDate="2013-12-17T11:31:51.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will be the most accurate one for your sentence, I think:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quería (coger) un hotel barato, pero acabé cogiendo uno mas caro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &quot;ended up&quot; can be traslated like &lt;code&gt;acabé&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;terminé&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &quot;To get&quot;, for an hotel, can be traslated into &lt;code&gt;coger&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hacer noche&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;encontrar&lt;/code&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in Latin American Spanish speaking countries the verb &lt;code&gt;coger&lt;/code&gt; has a totally different meaning, the traslation should obviously use a different one for this countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="2005" LastEditDate="2014-01-09T10:46:44.347" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T10:46:44.347" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4623" CreationDate="2013-12-17T12:27:31.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué haciendo?&quot; Is not a correct sentence in Spanish. It may be slang, but not proper Spanish. It lacks a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T12:27:31.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4623" CreationDate="2013-12-17T12:45:16.623" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have occasionally seen the phrase &lt;code&gt;¿Qué haciendo?&lt;/code&gt; in writing, in very informal contexts, such as Facebook or SMS messages.  I believe it is indeed a shortened form of &lt;code&gt;¿Qué estás haciendo?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't suggest using, ever. Even in these informal contexts....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless ur goal iz 2 mock the ppl who talk that way, or 2 B ironic. U will B h8ed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T13:08:06.033" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T13:08:06.033" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4623" CreationDate="2013-12-17T13:14:08.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to see the short answer, scroll down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer:&lt;/strong&gt; Spanish is a complex system, a complex language. It's spoken in lots of countries in about three continents. In every single country –what is even more, every region in every country– Spanish develops independently. To deem &lt;em&gt;idiotic&lt;/em&gt; (as other answer did) or erroneous an expression, implies that the person who produces that judgement has lived and understood every single kind of Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Examples:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you visit Colombia (not my country, btw.) you'll hear:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean? It doesn't have a verb either. But if you are intelligent you'll figure out soon that it's a nice greeting there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you go to Spain (and not only there), people say &lt;em&gt;pa'&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. Is that a mistake? No. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same line of thought:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué haciendo?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a translation you could find for &lt;em&gt;how you doing?&lt;/em&gt; (but that's definitely not it's origin). I dare to say that &lt;em&gt;¿Qué haciendo?&lt;/em&gt; is even &quot;less incorrect&quot; than &lt;em&gt;whatcha doin'?&lt;/em&gt; – even so, absolutely grammatically incorrect if you see it as part of formal writing standing for the meaning &quot;what are you doing?&quot;. But the phrase doesn't mean that: It's just slang and means &quot;Hi!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Condensed answer:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &quot;¿qué haciendo?&quot; and &quot;¿qué estás haciendo?&quot; is that the former means just &lt;em&gt;hi!&lt;/em&gt; ̣–at least in Mexico– while in the latter you actually expect an answer from your interlocutor (everywhere). The &lt;em&gt;loco&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;loquillo&lt;/em&gt; part actually I've heard it from Central America. It means just &quot;dude!, buddy!&quot;. All in all, the former means &quot;hi buddy!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, it's slang. Be tolerant; if you don't like it or you are not an expert, don't use it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, it has the same structure as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Dios rogando y con el mazo dando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not correct grammatically, but it's used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2019-11-12T20:50:58.640" LastActivityDate="2019-11-12T20:50:58.640" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4638" CreationDate="2013-12-17T17:43:21.760" Score="3" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish primarily by having a Spanish and English copy of the same book, and reading them simultaneously (literally (no pun intended) with one in each hand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gutenberg.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gutenberg.org&lt;/a&gt; has mostly English books, but a few Spanish, too. Does a list of which books gutenberg has in both english and spanish exist? The only one I know of as of now is Don Quixote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T04:38:20.557" Title="Does a list of which books gutenberg has in both english and spanish exist?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-12-19T11:03:30.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2013-12-17T17:57:23.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar &lt;strong&gt;Ni lo uno ni lo otro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P: Qué te parece la tesis?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  R: Mmmm....ni fu ni fa. (me dá lo mismo, no me interesa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P: Cómo estás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  R: Ni fu ni fa (más o menos, ni bien ni mal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T08:55:34.120" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T08:55:34.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4410" CreationDate="2013-12-17T18:10:25.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile we often refers as &quot;Guata&quot;; very informal and very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me duele la guata&quot; (referring to stomach ache).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Le pegó un combo en la guata&quot; (referring to a punch in the stomach).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T18:10:25.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4559" CreationDate="2013-12-17T21:07:14.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question has already been well answered by others, but I'd like to point out a conceptually related phrase and another way of saying I miss you.  Namely, &quot;me haces falta&quot;, which has the same sense of being less because someone is not with you as does &quot;echar de menos&quot;.  I find it beautiful in the sense of communicating that I am less because you are not here, or you leave me wanting.  I also find it expressive and elegant because of the way it puts the action on the person being missed, so instead of &quot;I miss you&quot; it is &quot;you make me wanting&quot;.  But I also find that it doesn't literally translate well to English on a word for word basis.  Some of the very best ways of saying things in Spanish are rich precisely because they don't translate directly to/from English and thus express nuances that are missing in English.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1334" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T21:07:14.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4633" CreationDate="2013-12-18T04:38:20.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Alchemist/El alquimista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Godfather /El Padrino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sophie's World/ El mundo de Sofía&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Les Misérables/Los Miserables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Davice Code/El código de Da Vinci&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Love in the Time of Cholera/El amor en tiempos de cólera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T04:38:20.557" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4621" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:19:22.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Envite is right we don't use &quot;ándale&quot; in Spain. In fact, if you say &quot;ándale&quot; it is because you are trying to speak like a Mexican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About &quot;Anda&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Even while it is an imperative form, we use it to kindly ask people to do something:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Dame dinero&quot; sounds less imperative if you add: &quot;Dame dinero, anda&quot;. (use the first one with a gun :P)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Déjame en paz&quot; -&gt; &quot;Déjame en paz, anda&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I think it is important to emphasize the &quot;kind&quot; side of the word, cause that's why we use it usually. In fact you can replace &quot;anda&quot; with &quot;por favor&quot; without breaking the meaning and sense of the phrase.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About &quot;Vamos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case the &quot;movement&quot; is much more clear than with &quot;anda&quot;. We use &quot;vamos&quot; when we want someone to do something or go somewhere (with or without us) now:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Vamos, que nos están esperando&quot; (you and me)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Vamos, apaga la tele y sal a jugar&quot; (just you)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;¡Vamos! ¡Termina de una vez!&quot; (just you)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can say &quot;vamos&quot; is a much more &quot;energetic&quot; word than &quot;anda&quot;. You can't replace &quot;vamos&quot; with &quot;por favor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1469" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T09:19:22.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4640" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:22:29.297" Score="2" ViewCount="8582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy en chat, una amiga me saludó con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola hola nariz de bola!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunté que quería decir, y solo me dijo que es un saludo agredable.  Pero todavía quiero saber que significa.  ¿Es una frase común? ¿Dónde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T15:12:53.717" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;nariz de bola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4650" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:28:02.503" Score="0" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there other alternatives to say &lt;em&gt;The only way to learn spanish is by speaking with native speakers&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La única manera de aprender castellano es hablar con hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2475" LastEditDate="2014-02-14T22:22:58.670" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T22:22:58.670" Title="La única manera de" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4641" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:34:45.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's the way I would translate it, the most common way probably. But you could also say:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para aprender castellano &lt;em&gt;no hay más remedio&lt;/em&gt; que hablar con&#xA;  hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1469" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T09:34:45.463" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4640" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:43:03.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión común en Mexico, en donde se le suele decir a los niños. Es un saludo cariñoso e informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, un buen símil sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola caracola!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T09:43:03.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4640" CreationDate="2013-12-18T14:48:04.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Hola hola nariz de bola!&quot; no tiene significado en si mismo más allá del que tiene &quot;Hola&quot;. Se utiliza para saludos cariñosos, especialmente a niños, debido a que rima, al igual que &quot;Hola caracola&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T14:48:04.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4640" CreationDate="2013-12-18T14:53:41.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una rima. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;em&gt;Hola&lt;/em&gt; nariz de &lt;em&gt;bola&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, esto es una nariz de bola, usada por los payasos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w0SmW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo da decir eso, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola caracola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;u&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola cara de bola!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único que quería hacer ella es rimar el saludo.  Lo único que puedes deducir es que tu amiga está de buen humor, pero no tiene significado más allá de eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T18:39:00.593" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T18:39:00.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4640" CreationDate="2013-12-18T16:05:06.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son palabras tontas que riman con lo que se dice, pero no significan, nada ademas de eso,&#xA;son para usarse con alguien de confianza o que conozcamos bien.&#xA;Aca les dejo algunas, que encontrado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;obvio microbio  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;neta camioneta  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chao pescao  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;k onda microonda  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tache guarache   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que pez mi acuaman  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;empates - cuates  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;corazón - calzón   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;borracho - gacho  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;noche - coche  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;piña - niña  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;luna - tuna   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;neta-patineta  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hola nariz de bola  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2200" LastEditorUserId="2200" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T16:20:04.470" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T16:20:04.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4651" CreationDate="2013-12-18T20:51:04.743" Score="2" ViewCount="588" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a checkbox captcha; in English the text is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I am not a spam bot&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper way to say this for the Spanish language translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should add I'm not necessarily looking for a word-for-word translation, but rather the proper phrase in Spanish that conveys this specific message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2222" LastEditorUserId="2222" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T21:40:33.883" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T11:01:43.933" Title="How to say &quot;I am not a spam bot&quot; for a captcha" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4641" CreationDate="2013-12-18T21:58:09.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La única forma de aprender español, es hablar con españoles&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;hablando&quot; is much common:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La única forma de aprender Español, es hablando con españoles&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not enough: &quot;españoles&quot; means people born in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La única forma de aprender español es hablando con hispanos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Closer, if you say &quot;Hispano&quot; you are referring intrinsically to &quot;native speakers&quot;. But i believe LatinAmericans does not tends to use &quot;Hispanos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La mejor forma de aprender español, es hablando con alguien que hable español&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not everyone who speak Spanish is a &quot;Native Speaker&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La mejor forma de aprender español, es con alguien cuya lengua materna sea el español&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better, but &quot;lengua materna&quot; could be very formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La mejor forma de aprender español, es con alguien que hable español de nacimiento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even better, this means that the speaker speak Spanish since born, so this means he/she is a Native Speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2013-12-21T02:35:50.053" LastActivityDate="2013-12-21T02:35:50.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4649" CreationDate="2013-12-18T22:03:15.027" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I have seen in most of sites here in Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy humano!&quot; (means you are human being so you are not a bot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No soy un robot&quot; (means that in particular you are not a bot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that Spanish doesn't have a word literally meaning &quot;Spam&quot; since this is a term originated in USA, anyway most people who use a computer will understand you if you say &quot;spam&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think is a very difficult one...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-19T11:01:43.933" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T11:01:43.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4649" CreationDate="2013-12-19T08:03:01.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally: &quot;No soy un robot de correo basura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most adequate translations would be those answered by @Diego Andrés Díaz Espinoza, particularly the second one &quot;No soy un robot&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T08:03:01.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4573" CreationDate="2013-12-20T12:08:19.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A shorter and popular version of this is &quot;¿Y si ...?&quot;, which is almost a drop-in replacement for &quot;What if ...?&quot;. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;What if I go to the beach without my parents?&quot; -&amp;gt; &quot;¿Y si voy a la playa sin mis padres?&quot;&#xA;&quot;What if there are no tickets left?&quot; -&amp;gt; &quot;¿Y si no quedan entradas?&quot;&#xA;&quot;What if the world ends today?&quot; -&amp;gt; &quot;¿Y si el mundo termina hoy?&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, all that @Carlos Eugenio Thompson said about the different conditional tenses in spanish applies, and it's great advice for &quot;fine tuning&quot; your &quot;What if&quot; sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T12:08:19.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4599" CreationDate="2013-12-20T12:11:16.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, you could use &quot;a&quot; if you can substitute with &quot;towards&quot; in the english version; and you could use &quot;para&quot; if you can substitute with &quot;to&quot; or &quot;for&quot;. This is very rough, but could help you in case of doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T12:11:16.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4658" CreationDate="2013-12-20T16:22:43.847" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translate.com gives me &quot;La película pelícano peligroso&quot; but then going the other direction with it gives me &quot;The film pelican dangerous!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should it be something like &quot;La película de los pelícanos peligrosos&quot; or...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T18:18:53.540" Title="How should &quot;The dangerous pelican film&quot; be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4657" CreationDate="2013-12-20T18:18:53.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What translate.com attempts to give you is the translation of “the &lt;em&gt;Dangerous Pelican&lt;/em&gt; film” (a movie titled “Dangerous Pelican”), which whit proper punctuation and capitalization would be &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;la película “Pelícano peligroso”&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a movie about dangerous pelicans (or in particular about some kind of dangerous pelican), a better translation is &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;la película de los pelícanos peligrosos&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;la película del pelícano peligroso&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;.  The plural is more common in Spanish although the singular is okay when refering to a whole species or group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T18:18:53.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4659" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4687" CreationDate="2013-12-21T08:44:36.597" Score="11" ViewCount="117393" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been... seeing this girl for about half a year.  We're not &lt;em&gt;officially&lt;/em&gt; together, but we're pretty playful and there's a lot of flirting.  We like each other..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She speaks fluent english but is a native spanish-speaker. Tonight she was pretty drunk and chatting with me on facebook, and right before going to bed she says (quote):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Her: Teqyeiiei:)&#xA;Her: Te quiero :+&#xA;Her: :)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ummm what does this &lt;em&gt;mean&lt;/em&gt;? I know it can kinda mean &quot;I love you,&quot; but given where we're currently at that really doesn't make sense in the way it would if said in English.  How should I take this?  :\&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2230" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T12:05:23.193" Title="What does it mean when a girl says &quot;te quiero&quot; in this context?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4659" CreationDate="2013-12-21T09:09:35.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I translate like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Her: Teqyeiiei:) ===&amp;gt; Drunk effect when texting&#xA;Her: Te quiero :+ ===&amp;gt; Te quiere y quiere hacértelo saber, &#xA;                       I like you...but is an incomplete translation&#xA;                       También se usa mucho cuando quieres despedirte &#xA;                       cariñosamente.&#xA;                       Also used a lot when you want to say goodbye affectionately&#xA;Her: :) ===&amp;gt; Happy face... means good night&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this phrase is in english we use &lt;code&gt;I love you&lt;/code&gt; for everything unlike spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recomend listen a Jose Jose's song &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9xCOX4Qcm8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amar y querer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish &lt;code&gt;querer&lt;/code&gt; does not mean the same as &lt;code&gt;amar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español &lt;code&gt;querer&lt;/code&gt; no significa lo mismo que &lt;code&gt;amar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your context I vote for this &lt;code&gt;used a lot when you want to say goodbye affectionately&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T22:37:31.510" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T22:37:31.510" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4659" CreationDate="2013-12-22T15:41:05.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In South America:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Te amo&quot; -&gt; &quot;I love you&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this in a serious relationship, or where you really felt in love. Also you can use it with family members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Te quiero&quot; -&gt; &quot;I love you&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not used in a serious context and is used as &quot;Te amo&quot; but with less intensity. You can use this for pretty close friends, girlfriend, family members, pets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2233" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2013-12-22T22:14:53.503" LastActivityDate="2013-12-22T22:14:53.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4663" CreationDate="2013-12-22T20:39:21.393" Score="10" ViewCount="1293" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find hundreds of sources where they say that the subject can be dropped if it doesn't add any additional information. As &quot;voy&quot; is the 1st person singular conjugation of &quot;ir&quot;, you know that the subject is &quot;yo&quot;. That sounds reasonable when coming from the English language, where conjugation is basically missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, but my mother-tongue is German and in German we do decline verbs as well. As &quot;gehe&quot; is the 1st person singular conjugation of &quot;gehen&quot;, the subject is &quot;ich&quot;. But in German you generally don't omit the subject.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And that's true for other languages, too. French, for instance. As &quot;vais&quot; is the 1st person singular conjugation of &quot;aller&quot;, the subject is &quot;je&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how come that Spanish language has developed in a different way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T20:02:02.343" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T20:02:02.343" Title="How come the subject is omitted in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4662" CreationDate="2013-12-22T20:50:48.410" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lovely question!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conjugation of a verb in Spanish has more info about the person: in German &lt;em&gt;sie, Sie&lt;/em&gt; und &lt;em&gt;wir&lt;/em&gt; are conjugated the same way, and here is the key: they &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; coincide. Also in the singular, the verb for some personal pronouns very often coincide (&lt;em&gt;ich muss&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;er muss&lt;/em&gt;). So you do need a personal pronoun in German. And well, in English, as you say, for obvious reasons you cannot drop it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for French, you do write different, but phonetically there is no distinction between &lt;em&gt;(tu) vas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;il va&lt;/em&gt; (unless you have some vowel right after). This holds not only for &lt;em&gt;aller&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, basically, my hypothesis is that since in Spanish from Spain in most of the verbs in various tenses the conjugation fully determines the person, there is no need to keep track of it. Then, although in some versions of Latinamerican Spanish &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; is used instead of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; and the former has the same conjugation of &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt;, dropping the pronoun was inherited. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You basically economize without loosing information. There is no information redundancy. (Nice feature, isn't it? [1]) To support the statement, there is (at least) another language which, to some extent, does the same: Russian. There conjugation is so irregular, that you might omit the pronoun. (Example: &lt;em&gt;знать&lt;/em&gt; in present is conjugated as &lt;em&gt;знаю, знаешь, знает, знаем, знаете, знают.&lt;/em&gt; The forms are all different)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you might want to keep the personal pronoun if you want to emphasize the person. Dropping the person would be like in Dutch choosing &lt;em&gt;je&lt;/em&gt; as a personal pronoun and saying the pronoun would be choosing &lt;em&gt;jij&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Late Edit&lt;/em&gt;: I just realized there is a name for those languages: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&quot;&gt;pro-drop&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] I think the German analogous of &quot;no information redundancy&quot; –although departing from verbs and I'm unsure if that was how it developed– would be that in the &lt;em&gt;schwache Deklination&lt;/em&gt; of adjectives you kind of drop lots of their endings, for the determinate article already has them: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ein netter Kumpel&lt;/em&gt; Vs. &lt;em&gt;der nette Kumpel&lt;/em&gt; (← you no longer need to write &lt;em&gt;netter&lt;/em&gt;, for &lt;em&gt;der&lt;/em&gt; is already saying that the noun is masculine, while &lt;em&gt;ein&lt;/em&gt; doesn't)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-27T08:29:51.080" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T08:29:51.080" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4664" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4670" CreationDate="2013-12-23T06:47:00.940" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there another alternative for 'get real'? I'd like to say it in this context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Eres mi nena?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: ¡Ni en tus sueños!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:09:59.507" Title="Ni en tus sueños" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4664" CreationDate="2013-12-23T09:24:17.003" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En caso de que la pregunta &quot;¿Eres mi nena?&quot; sea absurda, &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; puede contestar en efecto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ni en tus sueños!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativas aún aludiendo a &lt;em&gt;soñar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni soñando.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abre los ojos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni lo sueñes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Despierta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni en tu sueño más erótico (ligeramente agresivo). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativas sin aludir a &lt;em&gt;soñar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estás loco?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vuelve a la realidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya madura. (pinpointing the not so mature character of the question)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Por favor! (long &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ay no manches (&lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; eufemismo para &lt;em&gt;no mames&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual es suficientemente vulgar para merecerlo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ash/Ay, supéralo (&lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; teenage slang)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T09:24:17.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4667" CreationDate="2013-12-23T09:40:04.577" Score="0" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say 'December of last year' in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El diciembre del año pasado fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any alternatives for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2013-12-23T12:23:32.940" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T16:34:38.957" Title="El diciembre del año pasado" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4666" CreationDate="2013-12-23T09:53:56.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En diciembre del año pasado fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you could either, just drop &lt;em&gt;del año&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pasado diciembre fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or drop that and permute:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El diciembre pasado fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El último diciembre fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-23T09:59:50.387" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T09:59:50.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4666" CreationDate="2013-12-23T09:56:09.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En diciembre del año pasado fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El año pasado, en diciembre, fuimos a la playa a divertirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pasado mes de diciembre fuimos a la playa a divertirnos. &lt;em&gt;(just in case you are saying this the next year)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T16:34:38.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1954" CreationDate="2013-12-23T10:07:32.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You refer to a specific decade in Spanish like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nineteen-sixties (written 1960's):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los sesenta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La década de los sesenta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los años sesenta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Granted, referring to the first decade of a century is sometimes&#xA;  difficult this way. The nineteen-hundreds (1900's) is usually taken to&#xA;  mean 1900-1999 and not 1900-1909, but that's a separate question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no widely-used expression in Spanish to refer to the first decade of the century. &lt;code&gt;Años diez&lt;/code&gt; is not commonly used but you can use sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Primera década del siglo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comienzos de siglo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Principios de siglo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los primeros diez años del siglo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T10:07:32.230" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4664" CreationDate="2013-12-23T16:45:03.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternatives with &lt;em&gt;soñar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Sueñas!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatives without &lt;em&gt;soñar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Oh por favor, se realista!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pon los pies en la tierra!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ubicate chavo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ya estas peludo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Alucinas tú hombre!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Estas loco!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Tas loco!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ni madres!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Ni vergas!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extremely humilliant and aggressive(can lead to violence):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No sería tu nena ni aunque fueras el último hombre en el mundo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Prefiero que me parta un rayo a ser tu nena!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastEditorUserId="2242" LastEditDate="2014-01-03T03:29:44.533" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T03:29:44.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4662" CreationDate="2013-12-23T17:26:05.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know Latin also allow to drop the subject: v.g. &lt;em&gt;cogito ergo sum&lt;/em&gt; does not have an explicit subject &lt;em&gt;ego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question might be backwards: why other Latin-derived languages such as French require the subject?  In Italian, Catalan or Galician you can drop it.  In Portuguese you cannot (yet Portuguese and Galician are almost the same language.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Spanish has verbal declination by person, it reduces ambiguity compared to English, but that's only part of the answer.  Spanish just evolved that way while English had a different evolutive path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;French had added ambiguity in verb declinations given its phonetics, and this is partly solved by forcing the subject's pronoun, but some linguists actually see that French “subject pronouns” are really part of the declination.  Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Je vais au cinéma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Moi, Je vais au cinéma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy al cine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Yo voy al cine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The actual explicit subject in spoken French is &lt;em&gt;moi&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;je vais&lt;/em&gt; is the first person declination, although in writing it still behaves as &lt;em&gt;je&lt;/em&gt; being the subject and &lt;em&gt;vais&lt;/em&gt; being the declination. (and &lt;em&gt;moi&lt;/em&gt; being just an emphatic repetition.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phenomenon is replicated in some Francoitalic dialects such as Piedmontese, but it does not explain why Galician keeps the dropping of subjects, while Portuguese does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which leads to the actual answer: &lt;strong&gt;that's how each language is.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T17:26:05.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4673" CreationDate="2013-12-24T07:00:36.793" Score="3" ViewCount="550" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between marcharse and irse? Do they both mean ' to go' ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo me voy a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo me marcho a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:26:55.930" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T03:26:55.930" Title="Usage of &quot;marcharse&quot; and &quot;irse&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4672" CreationDate="2013-12-24T09:38:04.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, I think both phrases means the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The assumption is that &amp;quot;marcharse&amp;quot; indicates to go from some place, and &amp;quot;irse&amp;quot; to go to some place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy &lt;em&gt;(de aquí/ from here)&lt;/em&gt; a casa = Me marcho a casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy &lt;em&gt;(from my confortable bed and home)&lt;/em&gt; al trabajo = Me marcho al trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya te vas &lt;em&gt;(de aquí?)&lt;/em&gt; = Ya te marchas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-24T09:38:04.370" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4675" CreationDate="2013-12-24T16:55:00.100" Score="2" ViewCount="9927" Body="&lt;p&gt;When to use 'lo' and 'le'? Someone told me that 'le' is used in Spain and  'lo' is used in Latín America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a rule on when to use them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:52:50.777" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T14:19:17.877" Title="When to use &quot;lo&quot; and &quot;le&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4674" CreationDate="2013-12-24T17:21:07.413" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are talking about &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_directo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;objeto directo&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_indirecto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;objeto indirecto&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (&quot;complemento directo &amp;amp; complemento indirecto&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) Le di un regalo a Alberto / &lt;em&gt;I gave a present to Alberto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le di un regalo / &lt;em&gt;I gave him a present&lt;/em&gt; (you know who)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo se lo di / &lt;em&gt;I gave it to him&lt;/em&gt; (you know who and what you gave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella compró un coche / &lt;em&gt;She bought a car&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella lo compró / &lt;em&gt;She bought it&lt;/em&gt; (you know what)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella compró un coche a Juan / &lt;em&gt;She bought a car for Juan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella le compró un coche / &lt;em&gt;She bought him a car&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se lo compró / &lt;em&gt;She bought it for him&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastEditorUserId="2239" LastEditDate="2013-12-27T17:59:11.250" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T17:59:11.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-24T19:53:05.927" Score="1" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Boomeranging Telescopic Phrase Maze is a &quot;fluent&quot; set of words (where one word or phrase leads to the next) that begin and end with the same word. A relatively simple example is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*I write this in the year 671 * 3 Dog Nights in White Satin Soldier Field of Dreamboat Annie Oakley sunshine on my shoulders of giant reptile roof roof says Bowzerk fitting tang walla-walla Washingtons and what do you get ready or not here I*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poetry is very difficult to translate (well). Are Boomeranging Telescopic Phrase Mazes &quot;beyond the pale&quot; - impossible to translate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2013-12-26T19:28:50.657" LastActivityDate="2013-12-26T19:28:50.657" Title="Are Boomeranging Telescopic Phrase Mazes impossible to translate?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-12-27T08:27:02.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4684" CreationDate="2013-12-24T20:22:16.580" Score="3" ViewCount="5620" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me llama la atención la diferente ortografía para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/consejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;concejo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/consejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;consejo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Al parecer tienen la misma etimología latina en la palabra &lt;em&gt;consilium&lt;/em&gt;. Si esto no fuese cierto, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿la similitud es mera coincidencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tienen la misma etimología, entonces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿cómo y cuándo se bifurcaron?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T11:25:29.430" Title="¿De dónde viene la diferente ortografía para &quot;concejo&quot; y &quot;consejo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4674" CreationDate="2013-12-24T20:43:21.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is a bit general but you have a nice table on the RAE website that can help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=rae+pronombres+atonos&amp;amp;sourceid=opera&amp;amp;btnI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE:pronombres átonos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for the third person you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo masculino singular: &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;/(le(leísmo))   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo masculino plural: &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo femenino singular: &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo femenino plural: &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo o atributo neutro singular: &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento directo o atributo neutro plural: &lt;strong&gt;-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento indirecto singular: &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complemento indirecto plural: &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-20T14:19:17.877" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T14:19:17.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4685" CreationDate="2013-12-24T21:06:03.550" Score="5" ViewCount="23424" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una señora española exclamó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ay, ya estoy dando el coñazo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo lo que significa la palabra &lt;em&gt;coño&lt;/em&gt;, tanto literalmente como la interjección (y no creo que se refiera a la primera connotación). &lt;em&gt;Coñazo&lt;/em&gt;, por otro lado, parece ser un aumentativo de la misma. ¿Qué sigifica esa expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sea cual fuere su significado, ¿Cómo está ligada a la palabra original (&lt;em&gt;coño&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:08:49.650" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T04:08:49.650" Title="¿Qué significa “dar el coñazo”?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4679" CreationDate="2013-12-25T00:05:29.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Dar el coñazo' significa molestar, de forma insoportable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE hay una acepción de &lt;em&gt;coñazo&lt;/em&gt; que significa 'golpe fuerte' proveniente de Venezuela, pero no estoy seguro si de ahí se puede derivar su relación con &lt;em&gt;coño&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T00:05:29.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4793" CreationDate="2013-12-25T01:22:10.043" Score="2" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there other alternatives for 'dame un respiro'? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Dame un respiro, acabo de llegar del trabajo! ¡Dame tres horas para&#xA;  descansar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T12:07:26.163" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T16:22:24.430" Title="Alternatives for '¡dame un respiro!'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4681" CreationDate="2013-12-25T03:49:12.190" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Déjame en paz!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Déjame ya!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Déjame tranquilo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T03:49:12.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4681" CreationDate="2013-12-25T11:10:41.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡No me agobies!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phrase is very common in Spain, especially in informal speech, among younger people, between friends and in the family. It sounds more aggressive than merely &quot;dame un respiro&quot;. It might be frequent in other countries/regions, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2244" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T11:10:41.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4677" CreationDate="2013-12-25T11:25:29.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, ambas palabras no tienen el mismo origen etimológico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;consejo&quot; proviene del latín &quot;consilium&quot;, que originalmente significaba &quot;dictamen&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;concejo&quot; proviene del latín &quot;concilium&quot;, cuyo significado era &quot;asamblea&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De modo que su similitud se debe a la similitud de las palabras latinas de las que provienen ambos términos, y por tanto, en este caso, no surgió una &quot;doble grafía&quot; a partir de una misma palabra latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la palabra &quot;concilium&quot; sí derivó en dos términos: &quot;concejo&quot; y &quot;concilio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2244" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T11:25:29.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4679" CreationDate="2013-12-26T18:27:56.673" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Coño&quot; significa vulva y &quot;coñazo&quot; es simplemente el aumentativo de &quot;coño&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso en España de &quot;coñazo&quot; es coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar el coñazo&quot; es dar la lata o dar la tabarra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ser un coñazo&quot; es ser un pesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algo muy aburrido &quot;es un coñazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar el coñazo&quot; es malsonante, por supuesto, pero no es raro el uso cariñoso en un contexto familiar o de confianza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El abuelito &quot;nos da el coñazo&quot; con sus batallitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los niños son muy lindos, pero también son &quot;expertos en dar el&#xA;  coñazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de los abuelitos y los niños, &quot;dan típicamente el coñazo&quot; los vendedores de seguros, los gaiteros y los evangelizadores puerta a puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho peor es cuando &quot;te dan el coñazo&quot; los vecinos (con su música) o los moralistas (con sus sermones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertos contextos, por ejemplo en situaciones formales, &quot;dar el coñazo&quot; adquiere connotaciones muy negativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si le estás pidiendo algo a tu jefe y te suelta &quot;que no le des el&#xA;  coñazo&quot;, la cosa va mal, muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en una reunión de trabajo un colega te dice que &quot;no le des más el&#xA;  coñazo&quot; con tu idea o tu opinión, la expresión es ofensiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al origen de la palabra &quot;coñazo&quot; con el significado de &quot;algo tedioso&quot;: proviene según fuentes poco fiables de una película muda de 1920 del cineasta Armando Flores titulada &quot;El coñazo&quot;. Tal película, supuestamente estrenada en Barcelona en 1920 y adscrita a un género llamado porno fantástico, resultó ser tan tediosa que se convirtió en el paradigma de la pesadez. Este origen bien pudiera ser apócrifo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="747" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2014-01-05T01:11:31.260" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T01:11:31.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4681" CreationDate="2013-12-26T22:50:19.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Calmame un rato!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Calmala, calmala!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Dame chance un rato!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Deja descanso un rato!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them are from northern México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastActivityDate="2013-12-26T22:50:19.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4659" CreationDate="2013-12-27T08:57:25.687" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a spectrum of attraction and affection, which of course exists in both English and Spanish.  How one expresses their level of affection and attraction along the spectrum is a difficult thing to pin-point in any language, and often subject to interpretation, body language, and other clues.  But generally speaking, I think it's fairly safe to say that Spanish is a bit more precise than English in this regard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, the progression seems to be, in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I love you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me caes bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te quiero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te amo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So clearly, Spanish has a higher resolution in this regard, which makes translating difficult.  But it needn't make &lt;em&gt;understanding&lt;/em&gt; difficult.  We compensate for this weakness of the English language by adding a lot of extra context.  If we want to say &quot;Me caes bien&quot; in English, we do this by adding a lot of extra (and often clumsy) words, or by completely rephrasing, to get away from the ambiguous &quot;I like you&quot;, and a possible romantic mis-interpretation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like you, as a friend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are a great friend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are a great person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I enjoy spending time with you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we're more squarely in the &quot;romantic&quot; realm, a simple &quot;I like you&quot; is more common in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then somewhere between &quot;I like you&quot; and &quot;I love you&quot; is a big grey area in English, which is largely covered in Spanish with &quot;Te quiero.&quot; In English, the moral equivalent to &quot;Te quiero&quot; would be things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Love ya!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ILY.  (Acronym for &quot;I Love You&quot;, but very informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I love you. -- But in contexts, situations, or said with a tone which indicates a playful/less serious intention.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, &quot;I love you&quot;, complete with all the commitment issues between partners, or as you might say to your mother, is &quot;Te amo&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to note that in both languages, it's acceptable and common to use the &quot;lesser&quot; phrases even between people who are more familiar.  As an example, just because I love my mother, doesn't mean I couldn't tell my mother &quot;Love ya!&quot; as I'm walking out the door. And just because I might say &quot;Te amo&quot; to my wife doesn't mean I couldn't also say &quot;Te quiero&quot; or &quot;Me gustas mucho&quot;, when the situation called for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T08:57:25.687" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4727" CreationDate="2013-12-27T12:24:53.547" Score="3" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;While talking with somebody about traveling, he commented:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;But you Spanish speakers are used to express distances in hours, right?&quot;  &lt;em&gt;An Italian unknown.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was unaware of that. Let me formalize just a little. What he meant, is that to the question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan lejos está &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish spekers tend to reply in time units, instead of (kilo)meters.  But I must admit I unconsciously do say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mi casa está a media hora del centro. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; ciudad queda a 5 horas en autobús de &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; ciudad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(But of course nobody says &lt;em&gt;Mi país mide x horas en autobús.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that rule in general holds? (I mean, the first quote).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T17:08:41.877" Title="Has Spanish really a timelike fashion to express distances? Like &quot;A está a cinco horas de B&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4689" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4691" CreationDate="2013-12-27T13:07:46.007" Score="1" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my dictionary there is an entry belonging to &quot;ver&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vérselas y deseárselas para conseguir algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which should mean something like &quot;take a great effort to obtain sth.&quot;. I have seen a similar phrase containing vérselas before in a book and now I have to know. What is this &quot;las&quot; referring to? Is there an implicit omitted word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2252" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T13:35:23.973" Title="Dictionary entry &quot;Vérselas y deseárselas&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4688" CreationDate="2013-12-27T13:33:19.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that comes from our limited knowledge of dircerning distances in meters/kilometers. It is easier to say 5 minutes than how many KM. That is harder to say, i guess...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes. That´s very often used. But just when travelling from one site to another. Not saying sizes of things (size of a country, size of a house)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T13:33:19.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4689" CreationDate="2013-12-27T13:35:23.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. Indeed. Something hidden, could be anything. It is a cliche phrase, itself. &#xA;Nobody knows where it comes from, and we use it not very often because it is a quite old expresion, but it is commonly used in books and it's a nice way to express the difficulty of doing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T13:35:23.973" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4693" CreationDate="2013-12-27T23:22:19.253" Score="2" ViewCount="647" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es &quot;número de teléfono&quot; pero &quot;tarjeta telefónica&quot;. ¿Cómo puedo decidir qué forma es (más) &lt;em&gt;correcta&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;Número de &lt;strong&gt;teléfono&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but &quot;Tarjeta &lt;strong&gt;telefónica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. How can I tell which word is more appropriate. What actually is the difference between these words?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When searching the Internet, I only find much more examples, but no explanation when to use which one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T18:26:50.480" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T18:26:50.480" Title="Difference and usage on &quot;teléfono&quot; and &quot;telefónica&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4692" CreationDate="2013-12-28T00:24:29.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Teléfono&lt;/em&gt; is a noun. &lt;em&gt;Telefónico&lt;/em&gt; is its corresponding adjective. Since &lt;em&gt;tarjeta&lt;/em&gt; is feminine, you say &lt;em&gt;tarjeta telefónica&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;telephone card&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Número de teléfono&lt;/em&gt;, on the other hand, means just telephone number. But &lt;em&gt;numero telefónico&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly acceptable. So both are correct, if that was your question. Maybe the last option sounds slightly more formal. Anyway, when the context is clear you don't even need both words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedo tener tu número?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me das tu teléfono?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are both asking for a phone number.&#xA;In the last sentence, it's obvious that your interlocutor won't give you the phone itself, but his/her number. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T00:30:40.120" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T00:30:40.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4697" CreationDate="2013-12-28T00:36:01.977" Score="5" ViewCount="2116" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &quot;Silly me&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Yo tonto! ¡Olvidé mi móvil!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:21:09.953" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T01:23:18.550" Title="How do I say &quot;Silly me&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4710" CreationDate="2013-12-28T00:43:53.733" Score="0" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if pushar is also used in Spain and is it only used by teenagers ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T16:42:11.643" Title="Usage of pushar and empujar" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2013-12-28T00:49:33.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you mention &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt;, I guess you are looking for what people would say in Spain. An option would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡(Pero) qué tonto! Me he olvidado el móvil en el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo tonto&quot; is incorrect. The shortest option would be just &quot;tonto&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-12-04T18:04:30.777" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T18:04:30.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2013-12-28T00:52:32.480" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some common phrases in Spain are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué tonto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué tonto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué tonto soy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué tonto! Me dejé el móvil en casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T00:52:32.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4712" CreationDate="2013-12-28T02:28:55.567" Score="0" ViewCount="2949" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say 'It took me 4 hours to get to Hamburg' in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomó 4 horas volar a Hamburgo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-21T23:59:34.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-21T23:59:34.233" Title="How do I say 'It took me 4 hours to get to Hamburg' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-12-22T00:00:38.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4709" CreationDate="2013-12-28T02:34:11.780" Score="6" ViewCount="14304" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;empezar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;comenzar&lt;/code&gt;? Is one more formal than the other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-17T12:55:12.360" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T10:46:03.310" Title="Difference between &quot;empezar&quot; and &quot;comenzar&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-10-16T13:02:55.267" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4751" CreationDate="2013-12-28T02:56:54.420" Score="5" ViewCount="2048" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say ' my cellphone is about to die' in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Celular acaba de morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is acaba de the right expression? And is &quot;die&quot; translated literally or idiomatically in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2014-12-26T19:15:43.750" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T19:01:21.333" Title="How do I say ' my cellphone is about to die' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2013-12-28T03:30:03.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use them interchangeably, but if I had to distinguish I'd say that comenzar is normally a group or event, and empezar is normally a third person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, ?puedo comenzar? is perfectly acceptable so they really are pretty interchangeable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I speak Mexican Spanish as a caveat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2257" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T03:30:03.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2013-12-28T09:01:17.860" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely interchangeable as &lt;em&gt;Eric&lt;/em&gt; states in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4702/1674&quot;&gt;his answer&lt;/a&gt;. I agree. However, I'd add that &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; is a little more common than &lt;em&gt;comenzar.&lt;/em&gt; Actually &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=comenzar%2F(empezar%2Bcomenzar)%2Cempezar%2F(empezar%2Bcomenzar)&amp;amp;year_start=1950&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=1&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28comenzar%20/%20%28empezar%20%2B%20comenzar%29%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28empezar%20/%20%28empezar%20%2B%20comenzar%29%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngrams&lt;/a&gt; says in written Spanish, in the last 60 years, the frequency of use has been reversed. That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0LwRl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; is slightly more formal. But I have no other sources than native speaker's gut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T10:45:10.650" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T10:45:10.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2013-12-28T10:17:55.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se le acaba la pila al móvil. // Se acaba la pila de mi móvil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La batería del celular se está acabando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi celular/móvil le queda (muy) poca batería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use neither &lt;em&gt;mi celular acaba de morir&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;mi celular se está muriendo&lt;/em&gt;, although some people do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T10:17:55.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4740" CreationDate="2013-12-28T10:37:50.943" Score="1" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;La noche cae sobre la ciudad de Naga - can I also say ' La noche envuelva en la ciudad de Naga' ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English translation : Darkness falls upon Naga City.  Any alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:00:31.073" Title="La noche cae sobre la ciudad de Naga" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4705" CreationDate="2013-12-28T11:49:58.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both sound nice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La noche cae sobre la ciudad de Naga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is pefect. Just there is a little mistake in the second one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La noche envuelve la ciudad de Naga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you don't need the preposition, because &lt;em&gt;envolver&lt;/em&gt; is transitive. Also, your conjugation wasn't right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T11:49:58.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4699" CreationDate="2013-12-28T13:05:47.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You almost got it right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me tomó cuatro horas volar a Hamburgo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Amburgo&lt;/em&gt; is not Spanish, but Italian. I added an &lt;em&gt;H&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El vuelo a Hamburgo duró cuatro horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tardó cuatro horas el vuelo a Hamburgo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these sentences are somehow colorless, so you might want to add some color depending of your perspective. For instance, if you found the flight's duration was unnecessarily long you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de cuatro horas &lt;em&gt;apenas&lt;/em&gt; estaba en Hamburgo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The opposite would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuatro horas &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; estaba en Hamburgo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:14:09.830" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:14:09.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="987" CreationDate="2013-12-28T16:08:34.840" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The explanation is simple. SER is &quot;To be&quot; and when this verb is used we usually are talking about ourselves. The most used form of the phrase you are explaining is &quot;Soy el hijo de David&quot; in which you can see the I am very well specified. ESTAR (also &quot;To be&quot;) is mostly used as a verb of staying in, meaning, a continuous action and mostly used for others. Though &quot;Estoy Emparentado con...&quot; is a correct way of saying it, &quot;Soy Pariente de...&quot; is the most widely used. Might be related to the humans egocentric phenomenom and definetly states possession of the other in a way. Philosophically examining it. &#xA;   Now, we usually don't even use it that way either in spanish, we tend to say &quot;David es mi padre&quot; or &quot;Es mi padre&quot; because is more correct to mention the other before us which subconsciously shows humbleness.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T16:08:34.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2013-12-28T16:38:13.800" Score="-9" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Empezar&lt;/em&gt;, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4702/1674&quot;&gt;Eric explained&lt;/a&gt; is related to events. Like the beginning of history or the beginning of a work project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comenzar&lt;/em&gt; is more personalized towards a subject.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though they mean the same, we Spanish speakers tend to use each in those contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T10:46:03.310" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T10:46:03.310" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4695" CreationDate="2013-12-28T16:42:11.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are trying to say &quot;PUJAR&quot;. Pujar, from the verb &quot;Empuja&quot; meaning push in english, is used in Spanish when we are related to an expulsion of something out of a body, mostly our bodies. Therefore is commonly used for women giving birth and people who are expulsing a kidney stone for example. &quot;Empujar&quot; is used as to push something outside of our bodies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T16:42:11.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2013-12-28T16:57:11.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are definetly different, since one has long stems with short 3-4 pointed leafs at the end. Mostly used in Mexican and South American foods (Cilantro) and the other has also a long stem but the leaf is in it (Culantro or Reacao) and is mostly used in Caribbean foods. The latest has a stronger flavor and smell after cooked while the first has a stronger flavor and smell when uncooked. The images for each would be the ones provided by Carlos Esquenio Thompson. Americans are mostly used to Cilantro since it comes raw in Mexicans tacos and food cooked by them. While Culantro is most difficult to see in the States. I do used it in all my cooking and the strong smell was questioned by mexicans I used to rent from. The smell the same but again, one smells and tastes stronger when raw, the other when cooked. The Culantro taste, uncooked, is more like almost eating dirt while when cooked has a strong flavor. Meanwhile, cilantro can be eaten in both ways and taste delicious no matter if cooked or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T16:57:11.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4699" CreationDate="2013-12-28T17:17:21.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I don't see anywhere on your sentence that you were flying, but rather only talking about how long it took you to get there, whether you were flying, driving or whatever, I don't see why you should add &lt;code&gt;volar&lt;/code&gt; to your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more correct approach would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me tomó 4 horas llegar a Hamburgo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;code&gt;llegar&lt;/code&gt; simply states that you got there, instead of that you flew there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2261" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:17:21.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4688" CreationDate="2013-12-28T17:34:42.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing wrong with using time to express the length of a &lt;strong&gt;trip&lt;/strong&gt; in spanish, and when you think about it it does make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go from place A to place B you might want to know how long it'll take you to get there, instead of the exact distance there is between the 2 places. Having said that, if you do ask for the distance between 2 points, the answer will be in length, be it KMs in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This of course doesn't apply when talking about things that have nothing to do with traveling, like if someone asked how far was your computer at the office from the bathroom, you won't find yourself saying 1 or 2 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, expressing distances with time might be used, but it's not a rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2261" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:34:42.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-28T17:44:49.093" Score="1" ViewCount="1500" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/index.php?buscar=abertura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abertura&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/index.php?buscar=apertura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apertura&lt;/a&gt; parecen venir del mismo vocablo latino &lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt;. Tienen significados &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/apertura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diferentes&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que el proceso fue más o menos como sigue: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt; se obtiene de la aceptación directa del vocablo latino&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;abertura&lt;/em&gt;, en cambio, parece ser el resultado de convertir el verbo a español (&lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;), y luego nominalizar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo fue la bifurcación de ambos sustantivos? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo que me parece interesante, y que quizá pudiera ayudar a encontrar la respuesta, es la evolución de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=abertura%2F(abertura%2Bapertura)%2Capertura%2F(abertura%2Bapertura)&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=7&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28abertura%20/%20%28abertura%20%2B%20apertura%29%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28apertura%20/%20%28abertura%20%2B%20apertura%29%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambas palabras&lt;/a&gt; y la manera en que &lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt; domina sobre &lt;em&gt;abertura&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fu7N7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T01:06:44.980" Title="&quot;Apertura&quot; y &quot;abertura&quot;. Su uso y etimología" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4716" CreationDate="2013-12-28T20:22:59.987" Score="1" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay diferencias semánticas entre las frases siguientes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me sorprendería que mis padres dijeran que no.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me sorprendería si mis padres dijeran que no.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que al menos ambas sean correctos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2252" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T21:00:26.530" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T21:00:26.530" Title="Oración condicional con que y con si - hay una diferencia semántica?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4715" CreationDate="2013-12-28T20:59:43.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Ambas significan lo mismo. Y ambas frases son correctas. Otra opción, igualmente válida, es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me sorprendería que mis padres dijesen que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me sorprendería si mis padres dijesen que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T20:59:43.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4725" CreationDate="2013-12-29T00:56:20.857" Score="2" ViewCount="1779" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de descubrir &lt;strong&gt;Les Luthiers&lt;/strong&gt;, un grupo de comedia argentina.  En el prologo de su composicion &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/bYLWTxNgY6o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perdonala (0:47s)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, dicen lo siguiente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde dice de inspiración &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrebatada, como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; otros compositores románticos debe decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrebatada a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; otros compositores románticos...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo el chiste aqui.  ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre los dos usos de la palabra &quot;arrebatada&quot;?  ¿Dónde está la broma y por qué es chistoso?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T09:09:56.343" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T20:07:45.703" Title="Los dos usos de la palabra 'arrebatada'" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4718" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4723" CreationDate="2013-12-29T03:07:44.310" Score="6" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;De estas dos frases, ¿cuál es la correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Una de las más grandes profecías contenida en la Biblia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Una de las más grandes profecías contenidas en la Biblia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, ambas me parecen correctas dependiendo de a qué se refiera cada una, pero dudo que realmente ambas sean correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La 1 me parece correcta porque se habla de &amp;quot;una&amp;quot; y la 2 porque &amp;quot;dentro de las grandes profecias contenidas hay una&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T16:27:46.010" Title="Concordancia entre sujeto y verbo en una frase subordinada" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4726" CreationDate="2013-12-29T04:35:48.807" Score="3" ViewCount="1377" Body="&lt;p&gt;This words confuse me. When are &lt;code&gt;simple&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;sencilla&lt;/code&gt; used? They both mean &quot;simple&quot; but are they used in certain contexts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un casa sencilla/simple junto al río.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if i can use both in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:34:23.403" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T03:34:23.403" Title="The difference between &quot;simple&quot; and &quot;sencilla/o&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4717" CreationDate="2013-12-29T05:20:20.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspiración &lt;code&gt;arrebatada como&lt;/code&gt; otros compositores románticos. Ahí está comparando la obra del personaje con la calidad de los otros compositores románticos. La fe de errata dice &lt;code&gt;arrebatada a&lt;/code&gt; otros compositores románticos ahí esta diciendo que el personaje le robo,plagió, copió la obra a los otros compositores románticos. El chiste radica en el juego de palabras que se uso en la publicación original para vanagloriar al autor y en la fe de errata lo que hace es destruir al autor por decirlo de alguna manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T20:07:45.703" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T20:07:45.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4724" CreationDate="2013-12-29T08:35:22.627" Score="-2" ViewCount="811" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say 'I am too picky when it comes to food' in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="430" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T16:24:32.707" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T16:25:55.663" Title="&quot;I am too picky when it comes to food&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-12-29T21:14:50.553" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4717" CreationDate="2013-12-29T09:08:47.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inspiración arrebatada, como ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es un halago que consiste en poner la inspiración de Mastropiero al nivel de otros compositores románticos. En cambio, con la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; aparece un cambio radical &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inspiración arrebatada a &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significa que plagió (robó) las obras de dichos compositores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T09:08:47.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4718" CreationDate="2013-12-29T09:17:14.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante pregunta. Ambas son correctas, pero tienen diferente significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La primera&lt;/strong&gt; es correcta sólo si agregas las siguientes comas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una de las más grandes profecías, contenida en la Biblia, habla de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y dice que la profecía a la que te refieres, está contenida en la biblia. Pero la &lt;em&gt;grandeza&lt;/em&gt; está siendo comparada con todas las demás profecías (no sólo las que aparecen en la Biblia). El singular en &lt;em&gt;contenida&lt;/em&gt; enfatiza que sólo consideras que esa &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt;, tu sujeto, está contenida en la biblia. La frase 1 se entendería más o menos como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cierta profecía bíblica, una de las más grandes (¡de todas las religiones!), habla de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La segunda,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una de las más grandes profecías contenidas en la Biblia habla de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;constriñe todas las profecías, cuya grandeza está siendo comparada, a las de la Biblia. Excluye toda comparación que se salga de ese libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T13:20:46.747" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T13:20:46.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4721" CreationDate="2013-12-29T16:25:55.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd translate it as: &quot;Soy muy quisquilloso cuando se trata de comida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T16:25:55.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4717" CreationDate="2013-12-29T16:33:30.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El primer significado de &lt;code&gt;arrebatada&lt;/code&gt;, como adjetivo, significa &lt;code&gt;impetuosa&lt;/code&gt;. Y se utiliza para comparar su inspiración con la de los otros compositores románticos. El segundo significado se refiere a &lt;code&gt;arrebatada a&lt;/code&gt;, como verbo, que significa robado, plagiado, copiado o quitado a los otros compositores románticos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La broma radica en que el periódico se olvidó de la preposición &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; en &lt;code&gt;arrebatada a&lt;/code&gt; y por ello tuvo que publicar una fe de erratas, para corregir el error. Con la ausencia de esta preposición cambia totalmente el significado de la oración, y cambia lo que era un elogio por una descalificación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T18:22:54.537" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T18:22:54.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4719" CreationDate="2013-12-29T16:40:29.507" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are synonyms only when you're judging about &quot;complexity&quot; or &quot;dificulty&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most appropiate in this case would be &quot;casa sencilla&quot;, because probably you are refering to one of these meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=sencillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sencillo, lla.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 adj. Que carece de ostentación y adornos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4 adj. Dicho del estilo: Que carece de exornación y artificio, y expresa ingenua y naturalmente los conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;casa simple&quot; also applies in some contexts. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- ¿Tiene tu casa protección ante ataques nucleares?&#xA;- No, es una casa simple.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd say &quot;casa simple&quot; to specify it doesn't have complex features not expected in a &quot;normal&quot; house. But if your house is just &quot;not fancy&quot;, you say &quot;casa sencilla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T16:40:29.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4688" CreationDate="2013-12-29T17:08:41.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a very commom way to express distances but not used to measure things. If you assumme &lt;code&gt;average speed&lt;/code&gt; when doing the trip, physics says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;distance = time*speed&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in this case, &lt;code&gt;distance&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent to &lt;code&gt;time&lt;/code&gt;. If there is only one way to do the trip, you can expect &quot;a 3 horas de aquí&quot;, but if there are more possibilties, you can say &quot;a 1 hora en bus o 20 minutos en taxi por la autopista&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Myself, I don't remember expressing distances in real &quot;distance&quot; units in Spanish. My guess is when you have a complex topography, time is more appropiate to indicate the &quot;distance&quot; than the distance itself (cause you don't have constant speed and need to integrate over all the path). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if speed is constant, talking about distances actually is a good indicator of the distance. And that's my guess of explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T17:08:41.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4729" CreationDate="2013-12-29T21:53:07.947" Score="2" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la obra &lt;em&gt;Radio Tertulia&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;strong&gt;Les Luthiers&lt;/strong&gt;, los conductores de un programa de radio maltraducen el inglés al español con consequencias graciosas.   &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/MW9GxhBZVMQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;En una parte (3:02)&lt;/a&gt;, dicen lo siguiente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jorge Maronna:&lt;/strong&gt; And the manager said...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Daniel Rabinovich:&lt;/strong&gt; El manager tenía sed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Jorge Maronna:&lt;/strong&gt; Come on. Trust me!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, parece que los conductores se espantaron porque &quot;Come on. Trust me!&quot; es algo tan escandaloso que ni siquiera querían traducir.  La neta es que no entiendo dónde está el chiste en esto.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la risa de la audiencia, parece que hay algo que no entiendo en la interpretación de los sonidos de &quot;Come on. Trust me!&quot; de inglés al español.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué es lo que me escapa aquí? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Alguien me puede explicar el chiste?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Será un doble sentido? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿O será algo más?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T23:08:07.037" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T23:08:07.037" Title="Un doble-sentido en &quot;Radio Tertulia&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4728" CreationDate="2013-12-29T22:18:41.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El usuario &lt;code&gt;Jamespianista&lt;/code&gt; también lo pregunta. De la respuesta de &lt;code&gt;beto2768&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasa que en Argentina una forma vulgar de referirse al trasero o a las nalgas es &quot;traste&quot; De allí &quot;trust&quot; (pronunciado como &quot;trast&quot;) suena a &quot;traste&quot;, o sea, nalga, cola, trasero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busca antes en los comentarios del vídeo si alguien ha tenido la misma duda que tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T22:18:41.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4739" CreationDate="2013-12-30T00:54:36.413" Score="0" ViewCount="1926" Body="&lt;p&gt;El portugues y el castellano son lenguas hermanas porque se origen del latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T16:21:25.420" Title="How do I say ' sister languages' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4730" CreationDate="2013-12-30T07:41:28.077" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE dictionary says this about &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=byqNcMf7EDXX2NNLcBVl#lenguas_hermanas.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lenguas hermanas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~s hermanas.&#xA;  1. f. pl. Las que se derivan de una misma lengua madre; p. ej., el español y el italiano, que se derivan del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I think your translation is correct. But I think the last part of the sentence is not very correct. I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El portugués y el castellano son lenguas hermanas porque se originan en el latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El portugués y el castellano son lenguas hermanas porque se derivan del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, note the diacritic &quot;e&quot; in &quot;portugués&quot; ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T16:21:25.420" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4743" CreationDate="2013-12-30T12:07:03.250" Score="3" ViewCount="1850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber que es lo que hace a un chisme que sea &quot;de lavadero&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE da estas acepciones:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;chisme.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;(Quizá del lat. cimex, chinche).&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Noticia verdadera o falsa, o comentario con que generalmente se pretende indisponer a unas personas con otras o se murmura de alguna.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; m. coloq. Baratija o trasto pequeño.&#xA;~ de vecindad.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. coloq. El que versa sobre algo de poca importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que un chisme sea &quot;de lavadero&quot; cambia la acepción de la palabra chisme?&#xA;¿Es lo mismo un &quot;chisme de lavadero&quot; que un &quot;chisme de vecindad&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T19:55:34.293" Title="¿Cuando se puede decir que un chisme es un &quot;chisme de lavadero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4776" CreationDate="2013-12-30T18:41:38.953" Score="3" ViewCount="7074" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí en mis libros y en línea que las conjunciones &quot;como que&quot; y &quot;como si&quot; son usados con subjuntivo, por exemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella lo mira como si lo conociera.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el mismo libro encontré la frase siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El hacía como que no lo oía.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que esto es indicativo, ¿no? Buscar en google me ha confundido más. ¿Puedo usar ambos, modo subjuntivo y indicativo? ¿O tal vez algo se me escapó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2252" LastEditorUserId="2302" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T10:44:13.533" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T10:44:13.533" Title="¿&quot;Como que / si&quot; con subjuntivo o indicativo?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4735" CreationDate="2013-12-30T19:24:47.270" Score="0" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay chá, aún si pidió más&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was no more tea, but still he asked for another cup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any alternatives for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T16:29:42.873" Title="Usage of Aún si" Tags="&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4734" CreationDate="2013-12-30T19:58:08.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No había más té, pero aún así (él) pidió otra taza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2202" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T19:58:08.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4733" CreationDate="2013-12-30T20:01:03.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que cualquiera de los dos son válidos. Tampoco encuentro mucha diferencia en significado entre &quot;él hacía como que no lo oía&quot; y &quot;él hace como si no lo oyera&quot; más que el tiempo pasado y presente respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2202" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T20:01:03.053" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4789" CreationDate="2013-12-30T21:40:49.507" Score="1" ViewCount="583" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ojo, este cuarto es no lugar para charlar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This room is not a place for talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any alternatives for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2158" LastEditDate="2013-12-30T22:19:44.080" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T11:48:29.967" Title="How do you say 'mind you' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4737" CreationDate="2013-12-31T00:05:14.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct order of the words would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este cuarto no es un lugar para charlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the negative particle 'not' going before the verb 'is', and I think that's a proper way to write the sentence with the correction described above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2264" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T00:05:14.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4730" CreationDate="2013-12-31T01:36:36.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another sentence could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El portugués y el castellano son lenguas hermanas porque ambas provienen del latín&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T01:36:36.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4705" CreationDate="2013-12-31T01:57:04.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting, it would be ideal to know the context of the sentence, because &quot;Darkness&quot; could be translated to &quot;Oscuridad&quot;. It could be a reference to the relation between &quot;Oscuridad&quot; and &quot;noche&quot; and &quot;tinieblas&quot;. In literature &quot;Oscuridad&quot; has that meaning (sometimes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T01:57:04.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2013-12-31T01:59:24.273" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile is very common &quot;Mi celular está muriendo&quot; meaning that your cell phone is running out of battery. I know it is absolutely informal but widespread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T01:59:24.273" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4619" CreationDate="2013-12-31T02:07:57.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also you can say: &quot;Quería encontrar un hotel barato, pero al final terminé en uno caro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T02:07:57.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4732" CreationDate="2013-12-31T02:22:45.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es lo mismo. También se puede usar &quot;chisme de callejón&quot;. &#xA;Chisme de lavadero proviene de que en algunas &quot;vecindades&quot; (aplica también para &quot;callejones&quot; en otros países), se solía contar con un solo &quot;lavadero&quot; (lugar donde se lava la ropa, una fuente de agua con suficiente espacio para tal fin, sin ser una lavandería propiamente) para todos los habitantes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T02:22:45.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4745" CreationDate="2013-12-31T06:18:12.243" Score="0" ViewCount="833" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siento un dolor en mi espalda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T10:05:34.337" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T10:05:34.337" Title="How to say 'I feel pain in my back'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4744" CreationDate="2013-12-31T06:40:24.810" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You usually say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me duele la espalda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T06:40:24.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2013-12-31T16:19:55.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;An existing answer, sadly the accepted one, has stated that &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; is more widely used than &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; for things like &quot;a project&quot;. That just &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=comenzar+un+proyecto%2Cempezar+un+proyecto&amp;amp;year_start=1950&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ccomenzar%20un%20proyecto%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cempezar%20un%20proyecto%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;doesn't make sense&lt;/a&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aGXDS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My conclusion is not that some is used more than the other. The difference is not significant enough as for being considered as a definitive answer. That's my point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2013-12-31T16:26:09.487" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T16:26:09.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-31T17:05:31.497" Score="9" ViewCount="27683" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas tienen un significado parecido, ¿cuándo se debe usar una o la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/coste&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coste&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 . m. Gasto realizado para la obtención o adquisición de una cosa o de un servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/costo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;costo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 . m. Cantidad que se da o se paga por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T21:52:22.333" Title="¿Cuándo usar &quot;coste&quot; y cuándo &quot;costo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4756" CreationDate="2013-12-31T23:53:02.790" Score="0" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &quot;I shout into the heavens and weep&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He shouts into the heavens above and put a spell on my girlfriend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él grita en los cielos arribas y pone un hechizo en mi novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-01-05T18:40:31.910" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T18:40:31.910" Title="&quot;I shout into the heavens and weep&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4748" CreationDate="2014-01-01T07:08:55.537" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;coste&quot; is more spanish and &quot;costo&quot; (not refering drugs) is more latinoamerican.&#xA;Like Juan Luis Guerra says in his song &quot;el costo de la vida...&quot; refering to &quot;lo que cuesta la vida&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T07:08:55.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2014-01-01T07:12:16.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para completar las respuestas anteriores, en España se dice &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi móvil no tiene batería &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a mi móvil se le está acabando la batería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-01T16:10:03.910" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T16:10:03.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4734" CreationDate="2014-01-01T18:59:18.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also note that &quot;aún si&quot; is different from &quot;aún así&quot;. As an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Aún si entreno, puede que no gane el campeonato&quot;. (Even if i train i could not win the chanpionship).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T18:59:18.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4748" CreationDate="2014-01-01T22:12:42.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are synonyms, but you can expect &amp;quot;coste&amp;quot; to be used in a more &amp;quot;technical&amp;quot; environment, like when you're managing budgets for a project or an enterprise. I've read that in memos from the logistic department for example. As you can see from the definition, you use it mostly for thinks related to money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh the other hand, &amp;quot;costo&amp;quot; if the normal word in an informal context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los costes/costos de los nuevos equipos serán compensados por un&#xA;incremento en la eficiencia de producción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both statements sound good, but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El costo del éxito es el esfuerzo. (sounds good)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coste del éxito es el esfuerzo. (sounds bad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, people will understand both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="430" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T21:52:22.333" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4749" CreationDate="2014-01-02T04:57:25.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El gritó en el cielo y puso un hechizo sobre mi novia.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the only way that sentence make sense for me, I know the verb &lt;code&gt;shout&lt;/code&gt; is in present but in Spanish don't sound good to me the translation, he first shouted into the heavens above and after put a spell on your girlfriend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T04:57:25.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4714" CreationDate="2014-01-02T07:49:19.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, &lt;em&gt;abertura&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a un orificio, grieta o hueco en una superficie, mientras que &lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la accion de abrir algo. En algunos contextos &lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt; tiene un significado figurativo; por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Esta tarde se llevara a cabo la apertura de la tienda &quot;X&quot;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto se puede asemejar la apertura con inauguracion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;un ejemplo para abertura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Se filtraba el agua por medio de una abertura en el techo de la casa.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2014-01-03T01:06:44.980" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T01:06:44.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4749" CreationDate="2014-01-02T08:20:25.527" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España tenemos una expresión que es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puso el grito en el cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cual significa protestar por algo, quejarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El marisco que le sirvieron estaba caducado y cuando se dió cuenta puso el grito en el cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en este caso, y por el contexto, creo que la traducción adecuada sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él clamó a los cielos y hechizó a mi novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él gritó a los cielos y hechizó a mi novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, cuando se hace un llamamiento de &amp;quot;poder&amp;quot; hacia arriba, hacia fuerzas elementales (cielo, infierno, estrellas, el agua, el viento, el mar), se suele usar el plural, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clamó a &lt;strong&gt;los cielos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moises separó &lt;strong&gt;las aguas&lt;/strong&gt; del mar Rojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que callen &lt;strong&gt;los vientos&lt;/strong&gt; cuando yo hablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay excepciones a esto dependiendo del contexto, para lo cual es mejor suponer la traducción entera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le pido al cielo que nos dé salud este año (se refiere a Dios, no a &amp;quot;los cielos&amp;quot; como algo elemental).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T11:29:40.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4734" CreationDate="2014-01-02T16:29:42.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct expression is not &lt;em&gt;aún si&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;aun así&lt;/em&gt;. Notice that &lt;em&gt;aun&lt;/em&gt; has no tilde in this expression. You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=529832&amp;amp;langid=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;find&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://algomasquetraducir.com/2007/11/17/aun-asi-%C2%BFcon-o-sin-tilde/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;several&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2007/aun-con-tilde-y-aun-sin-tilde/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sources&lt;/a&gt; in the internet explaining the reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quedaba más té, pero aun así pidió otra taza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T16:29:42.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4679" CreationDate="2014-01-02T23:14:48.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela puede significar pegar un golpe. &quot;Te voy a dar tremendo coñazo si no me escuchas&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O &quot;Vamos a caernos a coñazo&quot; == &quot;Vamos a caernos a golpe&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T23:14:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4744" CreationDate="2014-01-03T03:33:24.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, many alternatives.        &quot;me duele la espalda&quot;       &quot;No aguanto la espalda&quot;        &quot;Tengo un dolor en la espalda&quot;   Me lastimé la espalda&quot; estoy dolido de la espalda&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T03:33:24.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4788" CreationDate="2014-01-03T06:31:20.053" Score="10" ViewCount="48756" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it an insult to call someone 'cabrón' in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Hola&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   B: ¡Hola, cabrón!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T15:41:46.570" LastActivityDate="2018-10-28T18:40:00.273" Title="Is it an insult to call someone 'cabrón'?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2014-01-03T07:46:03.380" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's your friend, there's nothing wrong because you are calling as a affectionate way, more or less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in Spain we have a famous corrupt treasurer called Luis Bárcenas, and in his party, the Popular Party, her colleagues calls him &quot;Luis, el Cabrón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in fact it is an insult. Also a very hard one. If you don't have a close relationship with the person you should avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-10-28T03:46:07.253" LastActivityDate="2018-10-28T03:46:07.253" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4970" CreationDate="2014-01-03T10:43:10.103" Score="12" ViewCount="344672" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pinche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pinche loco!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pinche!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pinche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pinche loco!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pinche!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T06:38:24.667" Title="What does the word &quot;pinche&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2014-01-03T14:26:04.870" Score="29" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kitchen boy&lt;/strong&gt;. The guys who clean up the Chef's mess and scrub the frying pans and carry stuff around. In this context it's still used in Spain. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, it's an all-purpose insult enhancer, which would be roughly equivalent to the use of &lt;em&gt;fucking&lt;/em&gt; in English. If Jay (Silent Bob's hetero life mate) spoke Spanish, he would say &lt;em&gt;pinche&lt;/em&gt; A LOT. &#xA;Pinche is strongly associated with cursing in Mexican Spanish and the very moment you use it gives you away as a Mexican national. So you pinches gringos take that into account if youre trying to pass for an Argentine or whatever. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, it's also used as an adjective to describe something as insignificant, lousy, miserable or worthless.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pinche gringo culero ve a chingar a tu reputisima madre! (Fucking&#xA;  gringo asshole go fuck your loosecunt cocksucking mother!) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu pinche hermana está bien pinche, wey. (Your fucking sister is so&#xA;  fucking ugly, dude!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the last example, the first &lt;em&gt;pinche&lt;/em&gt; means only &lt;em&gt;fucking&lt;/em&gt; while the second means &lt;strong&gt;fucking ugly&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2241" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T10:34:26.550" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T10:34:26.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4764" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-03T15:49:45.147" Score="5" ViewCount="379" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta duda surge de la conjugación diferente de la primera y tercera personas del plural en español, la cual no está presente algunos idiomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supóngase que estoy hablando con una persona de confianza y le digo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Los que somos hábiles para  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces se entiende que yo me considero &lt;em&gt;hábil&lt;/em&gt;. A veces, sin embargo, es deseable hablar de cierto grupo de gente sin hacerle saber al interlocutor si me estoy incluyendo en tal grupo o no; emitir un juicio neutro, independiente de la percepción que uno tenga de sí mismo. Sin embargo, si la tercera persona es usada, cierta gente tiende a percibir la afirmación como si el hablante se estuviera no sólo excluyendo del grupo, sino autocalificándose de lo contrario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt; Si uno dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Los que son hábiles para cocinar... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ciertos interlocutores tienen la impresión de que uno se está considerando &#xA;inhábil para cocinar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es algo inherente al idioma español o es un problema cultural?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Naturalmente hay una solución neutra para expresar eso. ¿Cómo evitar tal problema sin necesidad de formular frases complejas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T20:00:37.803" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T20:00:37.803" Title="Si quiero mantener un juicio neutro, ¿debo usar &quot;los que somos hábiles&quot; o &quot;los que son hábiles&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4764" CreationDate="2014-01-03T15:55:59.540" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá una solución elegante sea usar la segunda persona del singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si eres hábil para cocinar puedes trabajar en cualquier restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta manera implicamos directamente a nuestro interlocutor u oyente, del cual se supone no conocemos sus habilidades culinarias. Así el interlocutor (sepa de cocina o no) separa inconscientemente su &quot;yo&quot; de &quot;los demás&quot;, destacando como hábiles sólo aquellos que él considere como tal (de la misma forma que también se considera a sí mismo hábil o no). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto si bien no es neutro como tal,es una manera de forzar un jucio neutro al traspasar la responsabilidad de clasificar al interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra manera es usar directamente la forma neutra, tal como sugieres, que se me ocurre podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si se es hábil para cocinar se puede trabajar en cualquier restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si alguien es hábil cocinando puede trabajar en cualquier restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquiera de estos dos casos estamos usando una forma condicional para expresarlo, de tal manera que no queda implícito ningún sujeto específico en la frase. Estamos hablando simplemente de supuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre si es inherente al español o no, eso ya escapa de mi conocimiento, pero quizá otro usuario pueda aportar más luz al asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2014-01-03T19:15:41.507" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T19:15:41.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4767" CreationDate="2014-01-03T16:42:28.577" Score="4" ViewCount="2030" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llaman los poemas en los cuales cada palabra empieza con la misma letra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí un ejemplo de Francisco de Quevedo, llamado &lt;em&gt;Celebra a una dama poeta llamada Antonia&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes alegre andaba, agora apenas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;alcanzó alivio, ardiendo aprisionado;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;armas a Antandra aumento acobardado;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;aire abrazo, agua aprieto, aplico arenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-11-10T10:27:21.587" LastActivityDate="2020-11-10T10:27:21.587" Title="¿Cuál es el nombre de los poemas cuyas palabras, en su totalidad, empiezan con la misma letra?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4766" CreationDate="2014-01-03T17:05:51.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llaman tautogramas. Para más información, ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautograma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T17:05:51.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4769" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4770" CreationDate="2014-01-03T18:04:32.467" Score="3" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una pregunta reciente apareció el siguiente tautograma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes alegre andaba, agora apenas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  alcanzó alivio, ardiendo aprisionado;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  armas a Antandra aumento acobardado;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aire abrazo, agua aprieto, aplico arenas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     &lt;em&gt;Francisco de Quevedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo duda sobre dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿es &lt;em&gt;agora&lt;/em&gt; una antigua palabra para &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;? (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/agora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; dice que es judeoespañol. Pero me confunde porque también dice &quot;sustantivo&quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿qué significa &lt;em&gt;aplico arenas&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T19:59:15.300" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T19:59:15.300" Title="¿Qué significan &quot;agora&quot; y &quot;aplico arenas&quot; en este soneto de Quevedo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4769" CreationDate="2014-01-03T20:15:35.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien en mi comentario he dicho que podría ser totalmente al azar el uso de la palabra &amp;quot;aplicar&amp;quot; se me ha ocurrido un posible significado metafórico para este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos, tenemos &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;arenas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; los cuales se supone son todo &lt;strong&gt;formas elementales&lt;/strong&gt; (agua, aire, fuego y tierra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el elemento &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tierra&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; es algo ambiguo, normalmente se refiere al suelo, el sustrato, el barro, la roca. Y la arena es también una forma de la tierra (concretamente la forma no cultivable que buscamos muchos en agosto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de &amp;quot;aplicar&amp;quot;, en este caso parece que nos falta un complemento directo. &lt;strong&gt;Hace falta &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; a lo que aplicar la arena&lt;/strong&gt;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ehowenespanol.com/materiales-entrada-arena-info_367372/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[...] se debe aplicar arena fina entre los materiales[...]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apliqué algo de arena sobre la carta para secar la tinta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Éste último es un uso un tanto forzado. Normalmente diríamos &amp;quot;eché arena&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;derramé arena&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que Quevedo no nos dice sobré qué aplica la arena, pero la usa en plural, podemos suponer que la aplica sobre más arena. Es decir, echa &lt;strong&gt;arena sobre arena&lt;/strong&gt;, como cuando un niño hace un castillo de arena en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las construcciones hechas de, o sobre arena, se usan normalmente en parábolas o refranes para mostrar algo que es &lt;strong&gt;inútil de intentar&lt;/strong&gt;, que no es consistente o que es imposible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mis sueños se derrumban como castillos de arena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[...]un hombre insensato, que edificó su casa sobre arena. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mateo%207:24-27&amp;amp;version=RVR1960&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mateo 7:24-27&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabidurias.com/tags/arena/es/7126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otros ejemplos&lt;/a&gt; de refranes y dichos que usan la construcción o manejo de la arena como algo imposible, fútil o inconstante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo ello, mi teoría es que Quevedo intentaba expresar imposibles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aprieto agua&lt;/strong&gt;: Se puede intentar coger un chorro de agua con las manos, pero es inútil, poco menos que imposible, no se mantendrá en nuestras manos, si acaso unas pocas gotas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aire abrazo&lt;/strong&gt;: Se pueden cerrar los brazos en torno al viento pero no conseguimos llenar nuestro abrazo. Es otra sensación de futilidad, al igual que en el caso del agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aplico arena&lt;/strong&gt;: Fijándonos en los casos anteriores podríamos deducir que al manipular la arena, o aplicarla sobre más arena no conseguiríamos nada. Podemos intentarlo pero la arena se escurrirá una y otra vez provocando ese mismo sentimiento de inutilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1492" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T20:15:35.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4771" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4777" CreationDate="2014-01-04T02:28:04.493" Score="0" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que hacen las armas muy peligrosas es cuando se los niños utilizan por placer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What make guns very dangerous is when kids use them for fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T05:59:44.410" Title="What make guns dangerous" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-01-05T18:36:42.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4785" CreationDate="2014-01-04T09:21:18.350" Score="4" ViewCount="4015" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chingón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chinga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? Are they both bad words in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2014-01-06T16:18:23.183" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T11:27:02.317" Title="What do Chingón and Chinga mean?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4774" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-04T11:40:50.203" Score="4" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;To illustrate what I'm referring to, I'd like to give to examples in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;must not&lt;/em&gt; seems to be the opposite of &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt;, it has a different meaning. &lt;em&gt;Must go to school&lt;/em&gt;, for example, means I have to go to school, while &lt;em&gt;must not go to school&lt;/em&gt; indicates that I am not allowed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another similar negation which is not truly the opposite is &lt;em&gt;about to&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;not about to&lt;/em&gt;. When I say &lt;em&gt;I'm about to leave&lt;/em&gt; I am gonna do soon. But saying &lt;em&gt;I'm not about to&lt;/em&gt; means they I definitely won't do it. So, it's not quite the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone is not aware of these differences, he certainly will use them incorrectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: I wonder if there are similar examples in Spanish, which language learners will run into if they don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T18:53:47.913" Title="Are there any seemingly opposites (e.g. negation) in Spanish which, in fact, mean something different?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4773" CreationDate="2014-01-04T18:15:24.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chingón es un sustantivo, su significado es: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/ching%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/ching%C3%B3n&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Chinga puede ser un verbo o un adjetivo, su significado es: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/chinga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/chinga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas son malsonantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-01-04T18:15:24.843" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4733" CreationDate="2014-01-04T18:21:46.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto no es una respuesta definitiva. Pero considera los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella lo mira como si lo conociera. Correcto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella lo mira como que lo conociera. Incorrecto. (Entonces &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; son lo mismo)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Él hacía como que no lo oía. Correcto. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Él hacía como que no lo oyera. Incorrecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Él hacía como si no lo oyera. Correcto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que arruina la regla es que &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; no siempre son intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es bueno notar que &lt;em&gt;hacer como que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hacer como si&lt;/em&gt; son dos expresiones que significan &lt;em&gt;fingir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos puntos adicionales que pretendo pulir después:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 . De acuerdo a la información obtenida en el chat, la regla dice que &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt; induce &lt;code&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/code&gt;. Por otra parte, el verbo que sigue a &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; (aunque es equivalente a &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt;) no tiene por qué estar en &lt;code&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 . Ahora, ¿por qué es correcta también la siguiente frase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él hacía como si no lo oía. (Correcto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué la anterior suena extraño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-04T18:21:46.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4771" CreationDate="2014-01-05T05:59:44.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translation into spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que hace a las armas muy peligrosas es que los niños las utilicen&#xA;  para divertirse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que hacen las armas muy peligrosas es cuando se los niños utilizan&#xA;  por placer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has several mistakes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hacen&quot; should be &quot;hace&quot; because &quot;hace&quot; is refering to &quot;lo que&quot;, not&#xA;&quot;a las armas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;las armas&quot; is an indirect object, so we use &quot;a&quot; : &quot;a las armas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;cuando se los niños&quot; does not make any sense in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;utilizan&quot; is the verb and needs a direct object: &quot;las armas&quot;, but to&#xA;avoid repeating &quot;las armas&quot;, we use &quot;las&quot; like this: &quot;las utilizan&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;por placer&quot; is the translation of &quot;for pleasure&quot;. &quot;for fun&quot; is&#xA;commonly translated as &quot;por diversion&quot; / &quot;para divertise&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2289" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T05:59:44.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4749" CreationDate="2014-01-05T16:28:02.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para gritar en el cielo tienes que estar previamente EN (dentro de) el cielo, y lo que se adivina por la frase original es que quien grita está en la tierra, y grita desde allí al cielo (&lt;em&gt;heavens above&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que sería más bien: &quot;Gritó al cielo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si le quieres dar un poco de dramatismo, usa mejor &quot;Clamó a los cielos&quot; como sugiere @Arkana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, el (poco) contexto de la frase sugiere que la persona que clama a los cielos lo hace porque no tiene poder para hechizar a la muchacha, así que no me suena del todo bien la segunda parte &quot;y hechizó a mi novia&quot;. Quien &quot;hechizo a mi novia&quot; no fue la persona que clamó a los cielos, sino &quot;los cielos&quot; (o alguien que mora en los cielos), así que propongo esta traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clamó a los cielos y mi novia fue hechizada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí la forma pasiva sugiere dos eventos causales: primero alguien clama a los cielos, y en consecuencia, la novia es hechizada, pero no dice que la persona que clama y el ente que hechiza a la muchacha sean la misma persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en verdad son ambas la misma persona, entonces usa la forma activa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clamó a los cielos y hechizó a mi novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2289" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T16:28:02.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4737" CreationDate="2014-01-05T16:32:56.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My alternative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este cuarto no es lugar para charlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the most common form when someone wants to scold to a child, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2289" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T16:32:56.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-05T23:30:06.120" Score="6" ViewCount="7695" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a la letra de la canción de Laura Pausini, &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/jKlYf1oArQg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Víveme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Víveme sin miedo ahora, que sea una vida o una hora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo perfectamente la palabra &lt;strong&gt;Vivir&lt;/strong&gt;, pero me confundo con la frase &lt;em&gt;víveme&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="855" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T02:12:52.690" LastActivityDate="2020-08-21T00:43:18.480" Title="¿Qué significa 'Víveme'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2014-01-06T03:02:12.057" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de la canción sería como que la disfrute con intensidad, que esté junto a ella, que la ame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T03:02:12.057" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4782" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-06T21:00:27.490" Score="8" ViewCount="454" Body="&lt;p&gt;If one is interested in proper names in German, like &lt;em&gt;München&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Zürich&lt;/em&gt;, one easily knows the Spanish translation, and if not, one goes to Wikipedia and finds the translation. But what to do with unknown toponyms? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, suppose one is interested in, say, the name in Spanish of a smaller city, Göppingen. &quot;Luckily&quot; there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6ppingen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the page in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; but the &quot;translation&quot; is somehow rare: For if &lt;em&gt;Göttingen&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is said &lt;em&gt;Gotinga&lt;/em&gt;, why isn't &lt;em&gt;Göppingen&lt;/em&gt; translated as &lt;em&gt;Gopinga&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there a rule to hispanicize German names with umlaut?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there is, provide it. If not, I guess the best thing to do is to use the German word. How to correctly read the umlaut on vowels that don't exist in our phonetics? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the right thing to do, use an approximation or just pronounce it in German?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T06:42:49.000" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T06:42:49.000" Title="How to hispanicize (rather unknown) German toponyms with umlaut?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;&lt;palabras-extranjeras&gt;&lt;transliteración&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4782" CreationDate="2014-01-07T13:54:36.990" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-toponimos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resume en 6 partes la transcripción de topónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Topónimos con forma tradicional plenamente vigente en español, que, no obstante, aparecen con cierta frecuencia en los medios de comunicación con nombres o grafías propios de otras lenguas. Se prefiere la forma española, a no ser que haya caído en desuso o se haya producido un cambio de denominación: Amberes (no Antwerpen ni Anvers), Ciudad del Cabo (no Cape Town), Milán (no Milano) o Nueva York (no New York).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Topónimos que carecen de forma adaptada al español y se emplean tradicionalmente con la grafía propia de la lengua local o con la grafía correspondiente a una lengua puente. Se respetan estas grafías, incluso en lo concerniente a su acentuación, por tratarse de formas ya asentadas en el uso: Canterbury, Ottawa, Washington o Copenhague (del inglés Copenhagen, en danés København).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Topónimos cuya forma tradicional en español ha caído en desuso en favor de la forma local. Se da primacía a la forma local: Ankara (antes Angora), Bremen (antes Brema) o Maastricht (antes Mastrique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Topónimos con cambio de denominación oficial en favor de la forma local, pero que cuentan con una forma tradicional española plenamente vigente. Se prefiere la forma española: Calcuta (no Kolkata), Moldavia (no Moldova), Bombay (no Mumbai) o Esmirna (no Izmir). Solo en aquellos casos en que se ha producido un verdadero cambio de nombre (y no una mera reivindicación de las formas locales de este) se recomienda la nueva denominación, que debe sustituir a la anterior: Burkina Faso (antiguo Alto Volta) o Sri Lanka (antiguo Ceilán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Topónimos que se emplean a menudo con grafías que responden a la transliteración o representación en otras lenguas (normalmente el inglés o el francés) del nombre local, perteneciente este, por lo general, a lenguas que utilizan alfabetos no latinos o que carecen de escritura. Se propone la adaptación de esas formas al sistema gráfico del español de acuerdo con la pronunciación más generalizada entre los hispanohablantes: Zimbabue (no Zimbabwe), Punyab (no Punjab) o Buriatia (no Buryatia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de topónimos pertenecientes a lenguas que utilizan alfabetos no latinos, se recomienda la forma gráfica que resulta de aplicar las normas de transliteración de esos alfabetos al español y se reconocen, si las hay, otras grafías asentadas: Qatar o Iraq (también Irak). Las formas transcritas se acentúan gráficamente de acuerdo con las normas ortográficas del español: Shanghái, Taipéi. En cuanto a los topónimos que responden al estándar «pinyin», se prefiere, si la hay, la forma tradicional española: Pekín (no Beijing), Cantón (no Guangdong [provincia] ni Guangzhou [capital]) o Nankín (no Nanjing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas poblaciones parece que no se usarán en español y que hayan caído en desuso o de su desuso haya un cambio de denominación. En ingles se mantiene bajo el mismo nombre, no hay adaptación como el caso de Copenhagen, así en español también como dice Gorpik.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T00:11:47.250" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2014-01-08T08:01:28.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes y después de escuchar la canción aquí esta mi interpretación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Antes&lt;/strong&gt; vivir a través de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Después&lt;/strong&gt; vivir y disfrutar de diferentes experiencias (agradables) con una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante ver como la primera definición es más literal, mientras que la segunda parece ser más figurada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T08:01:28.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4773" CreationDate="2014-01-08T08:27:12.890" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingar&lt;/strong&gt; es el verbo. Usualmente significa molestar o fastidiar. Pero puede tener otros significados como fornicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingón o Chingona&lt;/strong&gt; es el adjetivo. Si es aplicado a una persona significa que la persona es muy hábil en lo que sea que estén hablando. Si es aplicado a un objeto significa que el objeto es de muy buena calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingo&lt;/strong&gt; sustantivo cuantitativo para expresar grandes cantidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chinga&lt;/strong&gt; puede tener dos significados, que a alguien le dieron una paliza o que algo fue exhaustivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingado o Chingada&lt;/strong&gt; puede ser un adjetivo y significar que algo esta dañado. O puede también ser un lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingadazo&lt;/strong&gt; sinónimo de golpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Ejemplos&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vete a chingar a tu madre.&lt;/em&gt; (Aquí ambos significados pueden estar correctos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero que vieja mas chingona.&lt;/em&gt; (Aplicado a persona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta cámara esta chingona.&lt;/em&gt; (Aplicado a objeto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta computadora cuesta un chingo&lt;/em&gt; (Esta computadora cuesta mucho)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chinga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hoy me lleve una chinga en el trabajo&lt;/em&gt; (El trabajo estuvo muy duro hoy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A mi hermano le pusieron una chinga por meterse con la novia de Juan&lt;/em&gt; (Le dieron una paliza a mi hermano por meterse con la novia de Juan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El carro esta chingado&lt;/em&gt; (El carro esta dañado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vete mucho a la chingada&lt;/em&gt; (Como un lugar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hijo de la chingada&lt;/em&gt; (Como madre en algunos casos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingadazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y entonces le metí un chingadazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver hay un chingo de situaciones donde dependiendo del contexto puede significar una u otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2014-01-11T08:56:33.033" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T08:56:33.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-08T09:33:57.490" Score="1" ViewCount="1660" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/hostia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hostia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene una connotación religiosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hoja redonda y delgada de pan ácimo, que se consagra en la misa y con la que se comulga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pregunta:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Es ofensivo mencionar, especialmente frente a los creyentes (normales, no radicales), la palabra &lt;em&gt;hostia&lt;/em&gt; en alguno de sus significados calificados por RAE como &quot;malsonantes&quot;? (los cuales son la mayoría, de hecho)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. malson. Golpe, trastazo, bofetada.&#xA;  mala ~.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. malson. Mala intención.&#xA;  a toda ~.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. vulg. malson. A toda velocidad.&#xA;  de la ~.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. vulg. malson. Muy grande o extraordinario. Se ha comprado un coche de la hostia.&#xA;  hostia, u hostias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interjs. vulgs. Denotan sorpresa, asombro, admiración, etc.&#xA;  la ~.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. vulg. malson. la leche.&#xA;  ser alguien o algo la ~.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. vulg. Ser extraordinario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T18:34:51.493" Title="¿Es ofensivo para los creyentes mencionar &quot;hostia&quot; como interjección?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4786" CreationDate="2014-01-08T09:46:49.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es ofensivo desde el punto de vista de los creyentes, es otro de los significados de la palabra, sin más. Aún así, sí es una palabra malsonante y puede resultar &quot;ofensiva&quot; en contextos formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T09:46:49.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2014-01-08T10:07:54.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it isn't exactly an insult in Mexico. It is just for a person with not a kind personality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cabron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj. Méx. Dicho de una persona: De mal carácter. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2302" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T11:37:33.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4737" CreationDate="2014-01-08T11:48:29.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé en el contexto que preguntas como lo usaría ya que no lo tienes puesto en la frase en inglés, pero yo &quot;Mind you&quot; lo traduciría como &quot;Te/Os importaría...&quot;. En este caso podría ser algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Os importaría guardar silencio, esta habitación no es lugar para&#xA;  charlar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T11:48:29.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4792" CreationDate="2014-01-08T11:59:52.677" Score="0" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chateé con mis amigos virtuales 3 horas y  o sea, 3 horas después fui de compras con mi esposa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's another alternative for ' o sea' ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2210" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T14:33:47.047" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T15:56:30.590" Title="&quot;O sea después&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4705" CreationDate="2014-01-08T12:00:31.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La oscuridad se cierne sobre la ciudad de Naga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso quedaría mejor oscuridad que noche puesto que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cerner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cerner&lt;/a&gt; se suele usar para causar más terror o sensación de amenaza por decirlo de algún modo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:00:31.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4790" CreationDate="2014-01-08T12:09:52.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that context, it is just a catchy phrase. You should omit it, it is kinda &quot;posh&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:09:52.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4681" CreationDate="2014-01-08T12:16:07.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Calma, dame un momento, acabo de llegar del trabajo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="461" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:16:07.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4795" CreationDate="2014-01-08T12:21:12.123" Score="1" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu has dejado algunas de tus discos compactos de los Prisoneros en tu coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You left some of your Los Prisoneros CDs in your car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo solía tener muchos Cds de los Doors, pero algunos de ellos he perdido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to have alot of the Doors, but some of them i have misplaced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot; some of &quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="2158" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T14:21:17.803" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T15:53:55.587" Title="El uso de &quot; algunas cosas&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4794" CreationDate="2014-01-08T14:39:02.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You left some of your Los Prisoneros CDs in your car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Se te quedaron en el carro algunos discos de Los Prisioneros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Dejaste en el carro algunos discos de Los Prisioneros. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- En el carro se te quedaron algunos discos de Los Prisioneros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I used to have a lot of the Doors, but some of them I have misplaced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo solía tener muchos discos de &lt;code&gt;Doors&lt;/code&gt;, pero he perdido algunos de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Note que por lo menos yo no tiendo a traducir los nombre de los discos&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T15:53:55.587" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T15:53:55.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4790" CreationDate="2014-01-08T15:56:30.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that case &quot;o sea&quot; is not relevant, it has no meaning. To go further I woudln't use it there, it sounds weird for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in other case you can use &quot;es decir&quot;, &quot;así que&quot; o &quot;por lo tanto&quot; instead of &quot;o sea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta noche viene uno más a cenar, o sea, al final somos 5. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta noche viene uno más a cenar, es decir, al final somos 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta noche viene uno más a cenar, por lo tanto, al final somos 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que eso sea posible, o sea que no voy a hacerte caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que eso sea posible, así que no voy a hacerte caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T15:56:30.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4797" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4806" CreationDate="2014-01-08T18:29:29.860" Score="4" ViewCount="2243" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between muy and tan? In what context are they used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ciudad de Naga no esta tan lejos desde aqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hija es tan/muy(?) bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-10T10:35:26.870" Title="Difference between &quot;muy&quot; and &quot;tan&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4786" CreationDate="2014-01-08T18:34:51.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El habla española está plagada de palabras o expresiones de origen religioso que se usan coloquialmente: &quot;¡la virgen!&quot;, hostia, copón, &quot;¡virgen santa!&quot;, o incluso &quot;¡me cago en Dios!&quot;  Sólo los extremadamente mojigatos lo toman como blasfemia. Decía Antonio Machado que un pueblo que no blasfema es porque no cree en Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, en lenguaje formal estas expresiones no encajan mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T18:34:51.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4797" CreationDate="2014-01-08T18:39:00.040" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Muy&quot; is superlative, like &quot;very&quot;. &quot;Tan&quot; is comparative, like &quot;as&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hija no es muy bonita =&gt; My daughter is not very pretty.  // It's an absolute valuation of her beauty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hija no es tan bonita =&gt; My daughter is not as pretty. // It's a comparison, a relative valuation: She is not as pretty as you said, or she is not as pretty as your daughter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastEditorUserId="136" LastEditDate="2014-01-09T08:38:16.727" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T08:38:16.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4774" CreationDate="2014-01-08T18:53:47.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always thought that spanish is a bit ambiguous in those kind of expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, &quot;No debes comértelo todo&quot; means that your obligation is not to eat everything instead of the lack of obligation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this other example is what you are looking for, but the use of &quot;nadie&quot; (&quot;nobody&quot;) is also complicated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No se lo cuentes a nadie.&quot; =&gt; &quot;Don't tell to anyone&quot;. // The double negation means actually a negation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nadie debe enterarse&quot; =&gt; &quot;Nobody must know&quot; // Single negation means negation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T18:53:47.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4839" CreationDate="2014-01-08T20:27:02.553" Score="3" ViewCount="31314" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;weón&quot; mean? Someone told me that &lt;em&gt;weon&lt;/em&gt; is used in Chile, but he was not sure what it meant. Could anyone from Chile tell me what this word means? Or is it offensive to call somebody &quot;weón&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-28T10:13:56.090" LastActivityDate="2020-03-28T10:13:56.090" Title="Is &quot;weón&quot; used in Chile and what does it mean?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-08T20:33:39.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think should be &lt;code&gt;Webón&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Wevón&lt;/code&gt; para referirse a &lt;code&gt;Huevón&lt;/code&gt;, quiere decir de huevos(testículos) grandes, se le dice así a los vagos o alguien que molesta mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los chilenos y los mexicanos además lo usan mucho para hablarse entre amigos, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es de tu vida &lt;code&gt;Wevón&lt;/code&gt;? =&gt; ¿Cómo estás bro/dude?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-25T20:23:49.537" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T20:23:49.537" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4810" CreationDate="2014-01-08T22:05:48.403" Score="3" ViewCount="11525" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;nano&quot; mean in Spain? Is it an offense to call somebody &quot;nano&quot;? Somebody in Spain called me &quot;nano&quot; and I don't know what it means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, nano, que tal todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:11:21.003" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T15:17:42.923" Title="What does &quot;nano&quot; mean in Spain?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4803" CreationDate="2014-01-08T22:15:49.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is usually used in Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) to, as you do in english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ey dude&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi broher&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a Spanish slang word. It is not an offense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I suggested you in the &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4790/o-sea-despues&quot;&gt;o sea&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; question, do not use it, it is kinda vulgar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2239" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T12:33:13.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-08T23:43:24.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could be use as an offense or to reffer a person or simply as an equivalent of &quot;dude&quot; or &quot;bro&quot;, it depends of the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2307" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T23:43:24.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4797" CreationDate="2014-01-09T00:08:10.020" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Flamma explained they are not quite the same thing. &lt;code&gt;Tan&lt;/code&gt; will usually involve some sort of comparison between, your daughter in this case, and something else, be it another person or thing, and actually even a hypothetic idea of beauty, if you said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi hija es tan bonita.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would be saying that &lt;code&gt;My daughter is so pretty&lt;/code&gt;. If it was a negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi hija no es tan bonita.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would mean &lt;code&gt;My daughter is not that pretty&lt;/code&gt; if you compared her against the idea of beauty itself, and &lt;code&gt;My daughter is not as pretty&lt;/code&gt; if you compared her to another tangible being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to &lt;code&gt;muy&lt;/code&gt; it will always mean &lt;code&gt;very&lt;/code&gt;, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi hija es muy/no es muy bonita.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would just mean &lt;code&gt;My daugther is very/is not very pretty&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I'm sure your daughter would be pretty, if you were to have one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2261" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T00:08:10.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4807" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4808" CreationDate="2014-01-09T02:54:25.913" Score="1" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;In formatting the Spanish version of Don Quixote, I find that many of the words in the copy I have &quot;run together&quot; (two or even three words without a space).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I can figure out where I should break up these words using translate.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the word &quot;vuestramerced&quot; has me and Translate.com stumped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or what does vuestra merced&quot; mean? Or &quot;vues tra merced&quot; or...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T12:53:11.807" Title="What is &quot;vuestramerced&quot; or into what component words should it be separated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4807" CreationDate="2014-01-09T08:18:04.047" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like in English, you can search for words in spanish (although without english translation) in the official spanish dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española (RAE) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/drae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and checkout if the word exist or is accepted nowadays. If you search for the word &lt;strong&gt;Vuestramerced&lt;/strong&gt; you won't find it; but, if you dissect the word and search for &lt;strong&gt;merced&lt;/strong&gt; you'll find something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5EP9u.png&quot; alt=&quot;meaning of merced&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So vuestra merced it was used (&amp;lt; XIX ) to refer to someone who didn't have any title to call after it, like military ranks, or court titles. It was a respectful way to say &quot;Sir&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today we use: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;usted&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1875" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T08:18:04.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-09T08:23:34.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we don't use &lt;code&gt;weon&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;webon&lt;/code&gt;, instead we use &lt;code&gt;wey&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Weon&lt;/code&gt; is the slang for huevon(as explained in previous answers) and it's used mainly in Chile but it's also used in other south american countries like Peru(as far as i know).In Mexico we use &lt;code&gt;huevon&lt;/code&gt; in specific cases to refer to someone who doesn't work or is just lazy, but as a regular expression we surely use &lt;code&gt;wey&lt;/code&gt;. We either use &lt;code&gt;wey&lt;/code&gt; to refer to someone in a non-offensive way(with friends just means &lt;code&gt;buddy&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;dude&lt;/code&gt;) as well as in some cases it can be taken as a despective word to express someone is stupid or a fool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T08:23:34.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4803" CreationDate="2014-01-09T08:36:21.373" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Nano' is a shortened form of 'Enano' ('dwarf'). 'Enano' itself is used in some areas to refer to children:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo está tu mujer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien, gracias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Y el enano? -&gt; ¿Y el niño? -&gt; ¿Y tu hijo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien, también.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Comunidad Valenciana, this shortened form 'nano' is more commonly used than 'enano' due to the influence of Catalan (the sister language of Spanish speaked in Andorra, Catalonia, Comunidad Valenciana and Baleares, which is named as Valencian there, albeit being the same language). Also, it has get commonly used to speak to (not about) people who are not children but you have confidence to speak to in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is clearly not formal, but I would not say it is clearly vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T08:36:21.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4807" CreationDate="2014-01-09T09:06:49.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought that &quot;your mercy&quot; could be used on English just as &quot;vuestra merced&quot;. If not, compare to expressions like &quot;your highness&quot;, or &quot;your grace&quot;. It's a polite form of referring the second person, but without naming directly or pointing with &quot;you&quot;. It was also a way to ask for favours indirectly, because I don't request something of you, but of your grace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T09:06:49.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4807" CreationDate="2014-01-09T11:11:45.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; was a courtesy treatment to address other people in the past. This was sometimes degraded into &lt;em&gt;vuesa merced&lt;/em&gt;, with the same meaning. Later, it evolved into &lt;em&gt;vusted&lt;/em&gt; and, finally, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, which is used nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the older courtesy treatment &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is sometimes used in Don Quixote too, but with a different meaning. Don Quixote addresses Sancho as &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; when he is angry at him. We can summarise the treatments used in the XVI century as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; is the courtesy treatment, used for people of the same or higher rank (Sancho always addresses Don Quixote as &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; or the equivalent &lt;em&gt;vuesa merced&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; is the familiar treatment, used for people of lower rank or sometimes of the same rank, if inside the family or among low rank people. Don Quixote almost always addresses Sancho as &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vos&lt;/em&gt; is used to express disdain (Don Quixote addresses evil doers as &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, and also Sancho when he is angry at him). It is also used sometimes in an affected way (Sancho addresses Dulcinea as &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;), reminiscent of times passed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T11:11:45.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4815" CreationDate="2014-01-09T20:25:25.383" Score="3" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando un podcast de la BBC acerca del auge en la economia industrial en Mexico y en una parte estaban haciendo entrevistas con dueños de los tianguis en el mercado Tepito. Para los que no conocen la Ciudad de Mexico esta zona es conocida por su alto nivel de crimen y lo que voy a llamar 'comercio informal'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esto, le preguntan a una dueña qué le parece el presidente actual Peña Nieto, y responde con una respuesta más o menos así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eeeeh, le faltan todavía tamaños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir 'le faltan tamaños' ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que le falta meterse en lo que hace? ¿Le faltan detalles? ¿Le falta agresividad en su política?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T23:21:49.553" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T23:21:49.553" Title="'Le faltan tamaños'" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4814" CreationDate="2014-01-10T01:34:45.320" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;code&gt;le faltan tamaños&lt;/code&gt; se utiliza mucho en la jerga política para indicar que a cierta persona &lt;code&gt;le faltan agallas&lt;/code&gt;, le falta valor, le falta coraje y en una forma mas coloquial(y vulgar) se dice que &lt;code&gt;le faltan tanates&lt;/code&gt;(testículos) para hacer algo en específico. En el caso que citas, se entiende que esa persona cree que a Enrique Peña Nieto le faltan agallas para enfrentarse a los comerciantes del barrio de Tepito tan afamado por sus altos índices de delincuencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un sentido mas general se entiende que una persona a la que le faltan tamaños es aquella que &lt;code&gt;no da la talla&lt;/code&gt; o no cumple con las expectativas para una función específica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-01-10T01:34:45.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4816" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-10T08:53:31.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la comida o la bebida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about food and the way that interact with language in Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T09:32:10.410" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T09:32:10.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4817" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-10T08:53:31.343" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la comida o la bebida. // Questions about food and the way that interact with language in Spanish speaking countries." OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T09:32:10.410" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T09:32:10.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2014-01-10T09:19:33.710" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &quot;estar puesto en algo&quot; indica &quot;tener mucho conocimiento de algo&quot;. Yo estoy puesto en informática. Así, &quot;estar más puesto que un calcetín&quot; es un juego de palabras entre dos acepciones de &quot;puesto&quot;, la de conocimientos y la de ser usado como prenda de vestir. Como el calcetín es una prenda que se utiliza mucho, el juego de palabras indica que el hablante tiene muchísimo conocimiento de la materia en cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-10T09:19:33.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1421" CreationDate="2014-01-10T14:49:48.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué ocurre?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué pasa?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-10T14:49:48.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4822" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-11T15:15:16.820" Score="-4" ViewCount="573" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm calling to follow up with you, to see how you are doing since your discharge home.&#xA;  My supervisor likes to reward our employees for a job well done, is there anyone in your opinion that stood out that you would like to thank or acknowledge?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2316" LastEditorUserId="2210" LastEditDate="2014-01-12T12:12:38.327" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T12:12:38.327" Title="post discharge from hospital call" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-01-12T12:13:13.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4822" CreationDate="2014-01-11T17:57:37.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy llamando para hacerle un seguimiento y ver como le está yendo después que fue dado de alta. Mi supervisor quiere estimular a nuestros trabajadores por el trabajo bien hecho. ¿Hay alguien en su opinión que debería ser reconocido?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; Questions asking for translations are off-topic unless prior research effort is clearly indicated; we're here to help you learn, not provide a bulk translation service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T17:57:37.190" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4773" CreationDate="2014-01-12T07:19:58.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Octavio Paz en su libro &lt;em&gt;El Laberinto de la Soledad&lt;/em&gt; hace un pequeño análisis de esta palabra y su signnificado, no sólo en México, sino no en otras partes de América Latina. Un fragmento de ese texto dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En México los significados de la palabra son innumerables. Es una voz mágica. Basta un cambio de tono, una inflexión apenas, para que el sentido varíe. Hay tantos matices como entonaciones: tantos significados como sentimientos. Se puede ser un chingón, un Gran Chingón (en los negocios, en la política, en el crimen, con las mujeres), un chingaquedito (silencioso, disimulado, urdiendo tramas en la sombra, avanzando cauto para dar el mazazo), un chingoncito. Pero la pluralidad de significaciones no impide que la idea de agresión en todos sus grados, desde el simple de incomodar, picar, zaherir, hasta el de violar, desgarrar y matar se presente siempre como significado último. El verbo denota violencia, salir de sí mismo y penetrar por la fuerza en otro. Y también, herir, rasgar, violar cuerpos, almas, objetos, destruir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lainsignia.org/2007/julio/cul_009.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;texto&lt;/a&gt; completo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2317" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-12T11:27:02.317" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T11:27:02.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4830" CreationDate="2014-01-13T04:05:23.173" Score="4" ViewCount="12073" Body="&lt;p&gt;I talked to someone from Mexico and when I was talking to him about my trip he said in reply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué suave&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asked my Mexican friends what it meant and they said it's like &quot;cool&quot; but they didn't know in what era it was used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone tell me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-04T21:38:11.780" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T11:31:19.200" Title="In what era was &quot;qué suave&quot; used?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-13T04:25:12.613" Score="5" ViewCount="29763" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a doctor was seeing a patient again and wanted to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nice to see you again!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would he say so in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2320" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T13:13:08.533" LastActivityDate="2016-08-28T19:48:42.790" Title="How to say &quot;Nice to see you again&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-29T06:51:42.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-01-13T08:04:43.537" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a somewhat formal context like that, the right expression would be &lt;em&gt;Me alegro de volver a verle&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T08:04:43.537" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4829" CreationDate="2014-01-13T08:09:06.263" Score="1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far only thing I can think of is &quot;Impulsado por gestos&quot;, but that doesn't feel quite right. Any other suggestions, maybe a different approach that would give the same meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2321" LastEditorUserId="2302" LastEditDate="2014-01-13T19:17:15.630" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T15:08:55.743" Title="Translation of &quot;gesture driven&quot; in mobile app context" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4828" CreationDate="2014-01-13T08:45:23.557" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe &quot;Controlado por gestos&quot; is a better translation. A driver does not impulse his truck, but controls it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T08:45:23.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4825" CreationDate="2014-01-13T16:25:09.067" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Native mexican, I can tell you from my personal experience that it was more common to use that expression on the 80's/90's than it is nowadays, as it sounds kinda outdated.  But it's much older than that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example there's the movie &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADjate_qu%C3%A9_suave&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Fíjate qué suave&quot;&lt;/a&gt; from 1947, featuring the comedian Manolín, which used &quot;Fíjate qué suave&quot; as his catchphrase even before before the movie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T16:25:09.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4831" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-14T03:33:01.577" Score="16" ViewCount="54609" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español es mi idioma nativo, pero siempre he tenido esta duda, por ejemplo, si yo le pregunto a alguien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes frío?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta persona podría contestar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, si tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, no tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No tienes frío?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las respuestas se vuelven más imprecisas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, no tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, sí tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, no tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, sí tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Afirmativo, sí tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negativo, sí tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Afirmativo, no tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negativo, no tengo frío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FULANITO: ¿Me prestas tu lápiz?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MENGANITO: No&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FULANITO: ¿No?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MENGANITO: Sí, no te lo presto. / Afirmativo, no te lo presto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es cual es la manera correcta de contestar, dado que las respuestas para una pregunta que comienza con un &quot;no&quot; parecen ser muy relativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-14T13:22:28.117" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T14:14:19.500" Title="¿Como se contestan preguntas que llevan un &quot;no&quot; al inicio?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4828" CreationDate="2014-01-14T04:03:08.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gestual &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/gestual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/gestual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manejo gestual (busca &quot;Google apuesta por el manejo gestual de la PC&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;control gestual &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xataka.com/tag/control-gestual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.xataka.com/tag/control-gestual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conducción gestual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;activado por gestos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a base de gestos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conducido por gestos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manejado por gestos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T04:27:31.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4831" CreationDate="2014-01-14T04:33:17.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la manera mas práctica sería responder de manera directa independientemente de que la pregunta se formule de forma negativa o no. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No tienes frío?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, si tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es en base a experiencia como hablante nativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T03:13:32.800" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T03:13:32.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4831" CreationDate="2014-01-14T07:44:21.270" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay contradicción lógica. El &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; en las preguntas ejemplificadas imprime simplemente una opinión sesgada en la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;̣– ¿No tienes frío? (← ¿Tienes frío? + cierta espectativa de que la respuesta sea &quot;sí, tengo frío&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  –  No. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta significa lo mismo que &quot;no, no tengo frío&quot;. En otros casos, generalmente, el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; puede ser sustituido por advervios como &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El último ejemplo necesita cierta interpretación para salvarlo de la &quot;inconsistencia lógica&quot;. La respuesta &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; a la primera pregunga aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FULANITO: ¿Me prestas tu lápiz?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MENGANITO: No&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  FULANITO: ¿No?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MENGANITO: Sí, no te lo presto. / Afirmativo, no te lo presto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es simplemente &lt;em&gt;no, no te lo presto&lt;/em&gt;. Después &quot;FULANITO&quot; pregunta &quot;¿no?&quot; sorprendido de la negación. &quot;MENGANITO&quot; responde hasta el final, &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; y este &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;sí estás oyendo bien: no te lo presto&lt;/em&gt;. En resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FULANITO: ¿Me prestas tu lápiz?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MENGANITO: No, no te lo presto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  FULANITO: ¿Hablas en serio?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MENGANITO: Sí (=hablo en serio), no te lo presto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así mismo, en las respuestas, todas significan lo que está después de la coma: no hay suma lógica de ningún tipo.  Sin embargo, no todas son correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sí, no tengo frío.  (Incorrecto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sí, sí tengo frío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No, no tengo frío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No, sí tengo frío.  (Incorrecto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Afirmativo, sí tengo frío.  (Inusual)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Negativo, sí tengo frío.  (Incorrecto, inusual)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Afirmativo, no tengo frío.  (Incorrecto, inusual)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Negativo, no tengo frío.   (Inusual)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Finalmente contestar con &lt;em&gt;afirmativo/negativo&lt;/em&gt; da un estilo policial o de radiocomunicación (¿quizá porque una sola sílaba en una transmisión no muy clara, puede tener consecuencias graves?). Yo no lo usaría más que para bromear. Es demasiado raro (formal). Si ha de ser usada una palabra larga, &lt;strong&gt;efectivamente&lt;/strong&gt; suena muy bien [1]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] Gracias a Arkana por la sugerencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-15T17:37:44.377" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T17:37:44.377" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4836" CreationDate="2014-01-14T13:41:17.353" Score="4" ViewCount="904" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know a woman in Spain which is much older than me, I respect her, however our relationship is very informal. Yes, sí la trato de usted, but otherwise our relationship is very informal and friendly - like my grandmother I could say. How should I start letter to her? I don't want to start (say her name is Carmen Jose -  false name): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Estimada Carmen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because it sounds very formal and reserved for our relationship (yes she is 80, but she is Spanish! Very friendly). I also don't want to start&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Querida Carmen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because if I look in the dictionary, this is what lovers use, too sweet, and I don't want anything close to that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So please, how should I start (and also end) the letter?&#xA;I only found these two phrases which seem to be the opposite extremes!!&lt;/strong&gt; I need something in between.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you write with your grandma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="226" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-01-16T09:34:29.397" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T09:34:29.397" Title="Neither official nor sweet salutation in letter" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4835" CreationDate="2014-01-14T14:37:08.127" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Querida Carmen&quot; is perfectly acceptable for non-love-related relations like the one you are describing. It's more like &quot;Dear Carmen&quot; than &quot;My beloved Carmen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not use exclamation marks (EDITED from wrong &quot;admiration marks&quot;) to emphasize the salutation. If you &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt; use them, please use both the opening and the closing ones. (¡Querida Carmen!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Letter ending depends strongly on the relation you have with Carmen. &quot;Muchos abrazos&quot; would be adequate for a real grandma, and &quot;Muchos abrazos y besos&quot; too. Do you kiss her like you would kiss your grandma? Do you hug her? If not, just &quot;Abrazos&quot; would do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can complete the ending with personalizations like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Muchos) Abrazos (y besos) de tu querido Tomas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Muchos) Abrazos (y besos) de tu Tomas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Muchos) Abrazos (y besos) de Tomas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you treat her like Usted, maybe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abrazos de Tomas, siempre su amigo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-01-14T17:52:01.303" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T17:52:01.303" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4828" CreationDate="2014-01-14T15:08:55.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will recomend: &quot;control gestual&quot; or &quot;manejo gestual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2327" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T15:08:55.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4803" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:08:43.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile is very very common call &quot;nano&quot; to people whose name is &quot;Fernando&quot;, &quot;Hernando&quot;, or any name composed by [*]nando. We say that &quot;a los Fernandos se les dice Nano&quot; (something like &quot;someone named Fernando would be called Nano&quot;. As common as informal. I don't know the country where it was heard, so answer this question just in case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:08:43.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:16:24.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You got it! Here in Chile we say more like &quot;güeón&quot; but you could read it in chats as &quot;weón&quot; &quot;wn&quot; (abbreviated) &quot;hueón&quot; &quot;hueon&quot; &quot;weon&quot;. Also there is something like &quot;apelativo&quot; which is &quot;aweonao&quot; &quot;aweonado&quot; &quot;agüeonado&quot;; most difficult one to translate. Note that in Chile we abused of this term, calling anything and using with every sentence as the situation could. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hola po weon cómo estay?&quot; (hey dude how are you?)&#xA;&quot;Qué pasa aweonao? (what's up dude?) --rude one&#xA;&quot;Mira el weón como cruza la calle...&quot; (look at that guy  how cross the street)&#xA;Look at this one, very rude and impolite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La wea que hizo el weon aweonao&quot; (what a crap did that stupid guy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:16:24.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:50:07.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Chile as an exchange student. This word appears in &lt;em&gt;every sentence&lt;/em&gt; from any young Chilean. No exaggeration. Probably it comes from huevón but here it's written as weón in &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; situation(SMS, Whatsapp, FB etc.) It's &lt;em&gt;totally different&lt;/em&gt; from its Mexican sense and it's &lt;em&gt;of utmost importance&lt;/em&gt; not to confuse the two. At the very least if a Chilean calls you &quot;weón&quot; don't get angry XD. You should probably even be happy because they treat you as a close friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;weón&quot; mostly means &quot;dude, bro&quot; in a casual and intimate sense. It's true it can also mean &quot;moron&quot;/&quot;stupid person&quot; but that usage is much much less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also one says &quot;wea&quot; which means &quot;cosa&quot;(thing). &quot;Qué wea&quot; means &quot;what?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:50:07.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-15T17:33:47.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most importantly: &lt;strong&gt;None of these words should be written with W&lt;/strong&gt;. It should be &quot;huevón&quot; (even if sometimes the v is not pronounced). As it has been explained, in Mexico it means lazy. &quot;Güey&quot; usually means stupid. Depending on the tone, none of these should be considered an insult (but they can be, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2334" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T17:33:47.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4848" CreationDate="2014-01-17T01:36:41.560" Score="1" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;My spanish textbook says that if you have a fever, you should take &quot;jarabe para la tos&quot;. It also recommends &quot;antibióticos&quot; as a remedy for &quot;la gripe&quot;. The glossary translates these phrases as &quot;cough syrup&quot;, &quot;antibiotics&quot;, and &quot;flu&quot; respectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While a language textbook isn't obligated to contain scientifically accurate advice, this is plain wrong. I talked to my teacher (grew up in the US but spoke only spanish at home), and she said she always took antibiotics for the flu. I also have some Filipino friends that believe antibiotics help the flu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these phrases used to mean both antibiotics and antiviral drugs? Is this a common misconception among spanish and spanish-influenced speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2343" LastEditorUserId="2343" LastEditDate="2014-01-18T07:20:22.503" LastActivityDate="2014-01-18T07:20:22.503" Title="Are the phrases &quot;jarabe para la tos&quot; or &quot;antibióticos&quot; colloquially used to mean other types of medicine?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-01-17T02:14:19.023" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meanings of &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt; in Chile&lt;/strong&gt; (apologies for poor grammar on english keyboard)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weón&lt;/em&gt; = dude, bro, man; &lt;em&gt;Cómo 'tai po weón?&lt;/em&gt;; [&lt;em&gt;How are you, man?&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weón&lt;/em&gt; = asshole, jerk; &lt;em&gt;Ese árbitro es un weón&lt;/em&gt;; [&lt;em&gt;That referee is a jerk&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weá&lt;/em&gt; = a thing; &lt;em&gt;Estamos al frente de la weá&lt;/em&gt;; [&lt;em&gt;We're in front of the thing&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puta la Weá&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;screw this shit&lt;/em&gt; [yes, this is rude to say]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Webiando&lt;/em&gt; = doing something, messing around; &lt;em&gt;Los chicos estan webiando al frente de la weá&lt;/em&gt;; [&lt;em&gt;The kids are doing something in front of that thing&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Webiar&lt;/em&gt; = to do something (usually annoying,) mess around; &lt;em&gt;Quítate de webiar, hijo!&lt;/em&gt; [&lt;em&gt;Son, stop being annoying!&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: My cousin describing the movie &quot;Gravity&quot; to me in Chilean Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt;, habían dos tipos, &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt;, la Sandra Bullock y ese &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt; George Clooney, cachai? Y los dos están allí, &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;webiando&lt;/em&gt; en el espacio, &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt;... Encontré esa &lt;em&gt;weá&lt;/em&gt; muy fome, &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt;, no me gustó la película...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2344" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T23:31:49.180" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T23:31:49.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4844" CreationDate="2014-01-17T02:29:52.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/antibiotics.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Antibiotics&lt;/a&gt; are actually contraindicated for a common flu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common translation for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Syrup&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Jarabe&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in my country Cuba we use &lt;code&gt;Jarabe&lt;/code&gt; as  regular rule to treat the flu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common say in my country is &quot;Toma un poco de miel con ron para ese catarro&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T03:45:29.920" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T03:45:29.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4844" CreationDate="2014-01-17T03:29:46.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes indeed they are specifically used to denote that: cough medicine and antibiotics.  No other mean.  Just that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T03:29:46.623" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4844" CreationDate="2014-01-17T07:13:15.220" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your book is right. The belief that antibiotics help cure viral infections is a common misunderstanding in many parts of the world, not just Spanish-speaking countries. It has nothing to do with the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T07:13:15.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4844" CreationDate="2014-01-17T07:31:34.373" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The glossary of your book is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la gripe &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt; the flu&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  antibiotics &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt; antibióticos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  jarabe &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt; syrup&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  jarabe para la tos  &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt;  cough syrup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;antivirales &lt;em&gt;is the translation of&lt;/em&gt; antiviral drugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the language part of the question. (Maybe if you take another book to learn another language you will find the same &quot;scientific inaccuracy&quot;, which not being proper of Spanish, would lead to an off-topic discussion here.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T07:54:42.660" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T07:54:42.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2014-01-17T09:13:10.643" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México, cabrón has different meanings. The first one from your example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Hola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡Hola, cabrón!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it's just used as &lt;code&gt;dude&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;man&lt;/code&gt; when it's used to refer to your friends, but it certainly sounds vulgar and you should avoid to use it in front of other people than your friends.&#xA;However it can also be used as an insult, example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ese cabrón no se quita del camino! (that jerk/asshole won't move out of the&#xA;  way!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also a third meaning, very common by the way, and it's used to refer to someone who is really good at something specific, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ese wey es muy cabrón jugando fútbol (that guy is so good at playing&#xA;  soccer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Mira cómo baila salsa ese chico(look how that guy dances salsa&#xA;  music)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Qué bien baila, está muy cabrón (he dances so good, he is really&#xA;  awesome at it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These 3 meanings are used in México and I know them from my experience as a native Mexican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T00:03:11.530" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T00:03:11.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2014-01-17T12:58:43.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se usan mucho &lt;code&gt;levantar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;chamullar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo porque &lt;code&gt;chamullar&lt;/code&gt; tiene varios otros matices, principalmente negativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-30T00:02:41.813" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T00:02:41.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-18T01:45:02.807" Score="9" ViewCount="110761" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído mucho este término en muchos foros de discusión en inglés, quisiera saber si saben cuál término en español podría ser un buen equivalente a este. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo, en los foros lo utilizan con su acepción de &quot;buscapleitos&quot;, &quot;provocador&quot;, &quot;atrevido&quot;, &quot;rudo&quot;, &quot;bravucón&quot; y también con la acepción de &quot;vanguardista&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T14:20:55.003" LastActivityDate="2020-06-13T11:34:15.177" Title="¿Cómo se traduciría el término &quot;edgy as fuck&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2014-01-18T02:03:53.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &quot;bravo como ninguno&quot;. There's no translation (that I know of) for &quot;as fuck&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1285" LastActivityDate="2014-01-18T02:03:53.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2014-01-18T11:10:25.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As fuck&lt;/strong&gt; se suele utilizar para enfatizar el adjetivo anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Awesome as fuck, cool as fuck, rich as fuck...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la jerga española diría que es &lt;em&gt;jodidamente bueno, jodidamente aburrido...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edgy&lt;/strong&gt; significa inquieto, tenso o nervioso. Su significado y sinónimos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/edgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Synonyms&lt;/em&gt;: aflutter, antsy, anxious, atwitter, dithery, edgy, goosey, het up, hinky [slang], hung up, ill at ease, insecure, jittery, jumpy, nervy, perturbed, queasy (also queazy), tense, troubled, uneasy, unquiet, upset, uptight, worried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &lt;strong&gt;edgy as fuck&lt;/strong&gt; lo utilizaría como &lt;em&gt;jodidamente inquietante, extraño, oscuro, nervioso&lt;/em&gt;; pero como lo inquietante a su vez provoca controversia, también puede ser que despierta curiosidad, ya sea por ser muy vanguardista o por ser provocador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T12:01:37.790" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:01:37.790" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4856" CreationDate="2014-01-18T13:36:44.130" Score="4" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;Color, generally, is ascribed with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. In the mental model I'm assembling as I learn Spanish, this seems to be because it is, generally, a durable characteristic. &lt;em&gt;El cielo es azul&lt;/em&gt; - the sky is blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct verb for a temporary color that reflects a state? For example, 'the sky is grey'. Is it &lt;em&gt;el cielo es gris&lt;/em&gt;, because it's a color, or &lt;em&gt;el cielo está gris&lt;/em&gt;, because the color is being used to describe a present state?  Or is that kind of construction not used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2356" LastEditorUserId="9086" LastEditDate="2020-01-08T16:12:06.157" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T16:12:06.157" Title="What is the correct verb for temporary/transient color?" Tags="&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4855" CreationDate="2014-01-18T13:45:49.650" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;When is a temporary state use &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cielo está gris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For durable state use &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cielo es azul&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excelent explanation related:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5617/why-do-we-say-que-hora-es-instead-of-que-hora-esta/5621#5621&quot;&gt;Why do we say &amp;quot;Qu&amp;#233; hora es&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;Qu&amp;#233; hora est&amp;#225;&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T01:10:17.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4858" CreationDate="2014-01-18T21:02:50.683" Score="4" ViewCount="1044" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify the context(s) that can affect which one to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3932/&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Ir a&amp;quot; versus future tense when asking a question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the previous thread suggests both will be the same, it seems to me there can be a difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel 'ir + a' suggests a situation where the future event is highly probable, or it is logically to happen. Such as when to day:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is very cloudy and getting dark. It is going to rain. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The meteorological agency said it was going to rain (because they had data and did calculation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas it seems to me the future tense suggests a possibility that it can/may happen but no solid basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A comet may/can crash into the earth within 500 years.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a desire to live abroad. I can be in other countries when I graduate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If these stand, then I suppose the difference can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo va a venir? suggests that there is a reason or an arrangement that a person should come and asking when they will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vendrá? suggests someone may come or may not come, but to ask when they may come if they do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-01-19T18:07:27.720" Title="¿Cuándo va a venir? and ¿Cuándo vendrá?" Tags="&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4857" CreationDate="2014-01-18T21:07:41.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes! It is. &#xA;I thought about this. Some people would normally use them the same way. But yes, &quot;cuándo va a venir...&quot; sounds more like: You already told he/she/it is coming... But i need more data about that. We are certain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The future tense is further... could be years, could not be...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diferent meaning when somebody asks, and the answer is : Vendrá.  Then, for sure, he/it/she will come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2014-01-18T21:07:41.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4857" CreationDate="2014-01-19T16:40:59.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vendŕa?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cuándo va a venir?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;even&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cuándo viene? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are, for IMHO, the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you use the first as an exclamation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¿Cuándo vendrá mi novia/novio?! (sight)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is another story. Of course, this last version denotes uncertainty. But in a context free text, they are the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Pronto nos visita la  &lt;em&gt;Orquesta de X&lt;/em&gt; en el &lt;em&gt;Teatro Y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  – ¿Cuándo viene? // ¿Cuándo va a venir? // ¿Cuándo vendrá? (unterchangably)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  – El viernes 13 de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-19T16:40:59.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4857" CreationDate="2014-01-19T18:07:27.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand, when you ask &quot;¿cuándo va a venir?&quot; you are assuming your interlocutor knows the answer. If you ask &quot;¿cuándo vendrá?&quot; you are asking your interlocutor to make a guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-01-19T18:07:27.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4863" CreationDate="2014-01-19T19:44:54.500" Score="5" ViewCount="42436" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En lo que cabe&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dentro de lo que cabe&lt;/em&gt; son locuciones que pueden ser reemplazadas por &lt;em&gt;esencialemnte&lt;/em&gt; y otros adverbios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– ¿Cómo está tu marido, después del accidente?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  –  Bien, dentro de lo que cabe. (= &quot;ignorando nimiedades, está bien&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el orígen de tales locuciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:29:37.880" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:29:37.880" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;en lo que cabe&quot; o &quot;dentro de lo que cabe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4861" CreationDate="2014-01-20T06:42:23.210" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dentro de lo que cabe&quot; viene de &quot;Dentro de lo que cabe esperar&quot;. A su vez, &quot;Lo que cabe esperar&quot; es el conjunto de posibles (o más bien esperables) resultados de una acción o de un hecho natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &quot;dentro de lo que cabe (esperar)&quot; implica que algo está entre los posibles resultados. Tu marido está bien, entre los posibles resultados (anímicos) del accidente. No es un bien absoluto, no está bien, sino que dentro del conjunto de posibles estados en los que podría estar, está en los mejores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T06:42:23.210" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4861" CreationDate="2014-01-20T21:29:44.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No parece necesario suponer que la frase completa haya requerido del verbo esperar. Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caber.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Del lat. capĕre, coger).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Tocarle a alguien o pertenecerle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y si conultamos &quot;tocar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tocar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(De la onomat. toc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Caer en suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dentro de lo que cabe == Dentro de lo que cae en suerte (lo que puede ser, las posibilidades)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T21:29:44.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4865" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4896" CreationDate="2014-01-21T07:22:27.233" Score="4" ViewCount="3532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a product company and some of our documents are translated from English to Spanish. I noticed that the translator had translated Latin abbreviations like 'i.e.' and 'e.g.' to Spanish as 'es decir' and 'ejemplo dado'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding was that they were Latin abbreviations and so they would be used in Spanish as in English as 'i.e' and 'e.g.'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I correct in assuming that these two abbreviations should not be translated and instead must be retained as-is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2363" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:21:06.043" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:21:06.043" Title="Latin Abbreviations in Spanish" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4865" CreationDate="2014-01-21T08:23:50.303" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though those are, indeed, Latin abbreviations, we don't use them in Spanish. I don't agree much with &lt;em&gt;ejemplo dado&lt;/em&gt;, anyway; in most cases I would use &lt;em&gt;por ejemplo&lt;/em&gt; or, if you want an abbreviation, &lt;em&gt;p. ej.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T08:49:19.113" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T08:49:19.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4867" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4868" CreationDate="2014-01-21T08:56:09.427" Score="2" ViewCount="792" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando le vea mañana, le diré que la palabra &quot;harto/a&quot; es también usada en Mejico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es por que es &lt;em&gt;vea&lt;/em&gt; no &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt;? Suena raro, si el &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt; se usa en este contexto sin embargo la frase es en el presente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T20:06:20.807" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T20:06:20.807" Title="¿Por qué &quot;vea&quot; y no &quot;veo&quot;? Subjuntivo - presente" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4867" CreationDate="2014-01-21T09:26:49.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando + presente&lt;/em&gt; sirve para describir algo habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando + subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; sirve para describir una posibilidad en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo, la única forma correcta es &lt;em&gt;Cuando le vea&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T09:52:04.367" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T09:52:04.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4867" CreationDate="2014-01-21T11:24:06.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Utilizamos el Subjuntivo cuando el verbo de la oración subordinada expresa una acción no realizada. En este caso esta pendiente decir a alguien que &quot;harto/a&quot; se usa en mejico. Así que la forma correcta es &quot;Cuando lo/le vea&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;Dada la gran extensión en el uso de los hablantes cultos de ciertas zonas de España de la forma le cuando el referente es un hombre, se admite, únicamente para el masculino singular, el uso de le en función de complemento directo de persona: ¿Has visto a Jorge? Sí, le vi ayer en el parque&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción en esta frase es usar el subjuntivo imperfecto con oraciones condicionales potenciales, aunque de esta manera se presenta el hecho como poco probable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Si lo viera mañana, le diría que la palabra &quot;harto/a&quot; es también utilizada en Mejico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una opción mas acorde es utilizar oraciones condicionales reales, que expresan hechos cuyo cumplimiento se ve probable en el pasado, en el presente o en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Si lo veo mañana, le dire que la palabra &quot;harto/a&quot; es también utilizada en Mejico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2364" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T11:24:06.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4681" CreationDate="2014-01-21T16:22:24.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;También podríamos usar las expresiones: &quot;Espérate un momento, por favor, acabo de llegar&quot;, o &quot;Enseguida voy, acabo de llegar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera pides un momento antes de empezar con la siguiente tarea, en la segunda das a entender que tu pausa será muy breve, y que empezarás en un instante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2366" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T16:22:24.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4679" CreationDate="2014-01-21T16:29:25.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para añadir información a de donde viene la expresión &quot;qué coñazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que yo tengo entendido, &quot;qué coñazo&quot; viene de una expresión de hace varios siglos, cuando la prostitución era uno de los trabajos más extendidos entre las mujeres. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una prostituta tenía el coño muy grande o prestado, por haber trabajado mucho ese día, o por lo que fuera, se decía que era &quot;un coñazo&quot;, con connotación negativa, al no poder ofrecer el placer buscado por el hombre que quisiera sus servicios; ya que en un coño grande, puede que no haya rozamiento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que no necesita más aclaración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2366" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T16:29:25.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4872" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-22T21:03:39.773" Score="7" ViewCount="66119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una idea de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3962/cual-es-la-definicion-de-albur-could-you-define-albur&quot;&gt;lo que es el albur&lt;/a&gt;, pero aún batallo mucho con saber si alguien me esta albureando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo darme cuenta si una persona me esta albureando? ¿Cuáles son las maneras más comunes de alburear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:31:11.447" Title="¿Cómo darme cuenta si alguien me esta albureando?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4917" CreationDate="2014-01-23T02:19:07.190" Score="8" ViewCount="47475" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos un diálogo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Lo siento. Cometo muchos errores cuando aprendo castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Shit happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &amp;quot;Shit happens&amp;quot; en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T15:50:13.523" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;Shit happens&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-01-23T02:41:44.693" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my country Cuba we said &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso pasa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;esas cosas pasan... gajes del oficio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso pasa gajes del oficio? Puede decirse &quot; Ese pasa&quot; o &quot; pasa&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debes usar &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esa&lt;/em&gt; Cuando te estás refiriendo a sustantivo con género femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese&lt;/em&gt; Cuando te estás refiriendo a sustantivo con género masculino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso&lt;/em&gt; es usado cuando te estás referiendo a una sentencia o una acción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esa&lt;/em&gt; is used when what you are referring to a noun with feminine gender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese&lt;/em&gt; is used when what you are referring to a noun with masculine gender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso&lt;/em&gt; is used when you are referring to a sentence or an action.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gajes del oficio&lt;/em&gt; is optional, is a way to said in my country but it's an addon to the phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T10:03:04.183" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T10:03:04.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-01-23T03:30:15.103" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Spain and many other places we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Así es la vida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T10:05:25.420" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T10:05:25.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-01-23T03:42:28.340" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede decirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esas cosas pasan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T03:42:28.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4895" CreationDate="2014-01-23T04:25:56.357" Score="3" ViewCount="1543" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que es el uso, si tu compras una guitarra y tu no vas a tocarla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the use of buying a guitar if you're not going to play it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la expresión &quot; que es el uso&quot; correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T17:12:43.793" Title="Como se dice &quot; what's the use&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T04:38:24.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;que es el uso&lt;/code&gt; No es para nada correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traducción de esa frase en sentido casi literal sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el valor de uso de comprar una guitarra si no la vas a usar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;code&gt;valor de uso&lt;/code&gt; me recuerda más a las clases de Economía política y no es muy común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la idea de comprar una guitarra si no la vas a usar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la intención ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el sentido ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si tú compras una guitarra y [tú] no vas a tocarla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El español no es como el inglés que siempre tienes que usar el pronombre, en el español este se omite en la segunda parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T16:56:29.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T04:51:15.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish I'd ask literally: Why would you buy a guitar if you're not going to play it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué comprarías una guitarra si no vas a tocarla (o utilizarla)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1289" LastEditorUserId="376" LastEditDate="2014-01-23T07:54:01.180" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T07:54:01.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:26:47.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;code&gt;qué es el uso&lt;/code&gt; no es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mas normal en Español sería utilizar algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De qué te sirve comprar una guitarra si no vas a tocarla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Para qué compras una guitarra si no piensas tocarla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="2005" LastEditDate="2014-01-23T10:44:40.510" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T10:44:40.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:42:44.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente a lo anteriormente respondido, también se puede traducir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es la utilidad de comprar una guitarra que no vas a usar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué utilidad tiene comprar una guitarra que no vas a usar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2364" LastEditorUserId="1492" LastEditDate="2014-01-23T17:08:20.017" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T17:08:20.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4883" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:48:24.493" Score="3" ViewCount="524" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I'm in Spanish 1, and I've heard that pronouns (Yo, tu, el, etc.) are embedded in conjugated verbs. I've noticed the use of a separate pronoun along with a conjugated verb, and it seems a little redundant. I think it's kind of a question of formality, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When are these example phrases correct?&#xA;What the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablamos español.&quot;&#xA;vs.&#xA;&quot;Nosotros hablamos español.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo tengo una torta.&quot;&#xA;vs.&#xA;&quot;Tengo una torta.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2375" LastEditorUserId="2375" LastEditDate="2014-01-27T08:21:39.983" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T15:40:08.160" Title="Using embedded pronouns inside verbs" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-18T01:58:43.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4882" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:50:39.503" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No difference at all.&#xA;That is one of the big differences between Spanish and English: We are able to remove those whenever we both know who/what we are talking about. If you said it in your first sentence or it is obvious from the context, we can remove it. &#xA;In English you ALWAYS have to use them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, using a pronoun all the time sounds like a person who just started studying Spanish. People who start with &quot;YO&quot; every phrase about them tend to make us think he/she is so selfish. Just remove them all the time, we use them just for starting phrases or when you have to say it to remark the idea. &#xA;So take care about it :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una torta...  (it is OBVIOUS, there is not another conjugation&#xA;  for YO).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you have to do a contrast. Another person is talking about what he has, then you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo tengo una torta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you are adding that. Anyway, it is still obvious. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T13:52:10.240" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T13:52:10.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4872" CreationDate="2014-01-23T09:03:27.437" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se necesita un buen dominio del idioma para darte cuenta que alguien te &quot;alburea&quot;, es decir usan figuras retoricas como el doble sentido (Dilogía), la ironia, juego de palabras etc. para decirte algo, soliendo tener una connotación sexual (pero nunca soez) el verdadero significado, el Calambur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de doble sentido, sin connotacion sexual, seria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imagina que alguien te dice: He reñido a un hostelero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y tu le contestas: ¿Por qué? ¿dónde? ¿cuándo? ¿cómo?.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona que te contesta, le dá la vuelta a tu pregunta y dice: Porque donde cuando como sirven mal, me desespero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de Albur:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que tengo la gripe aviar....¡¡¡Vieras qué tanto me moquea el pájaro!!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, con &quot;me moquea el pájaro&quot; tiene claras connotaciones sexuales. Aqui te estan albureando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿como darse cuenta? El tono jocoso en que se dice la frase debería darte una pista, luego buscar diferentes significados a la frase y ver que tengan sentido. Si el albur es muy complicado es posible que no le encuentres el doble sentido, se necesita práctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2364" LastEditorUserId="2364" LastEditDate="2014-01-23T11:40:37.847" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T11:40:37.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T11:22:25.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;“ What's the use” ===&gt; &quot;De qué sirve&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;What's the use of buying a guitar if you're not going to play it?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;becomes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿De qué sirve comprar una guitarra si no la vas a tocar?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2379" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T11:22:25.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-23T13:37:17.377" Score="4" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, la construcción &quot;as of&quot; es más o menos equivalente a &quot;desde&quot; o &quot;a partir de&quot;, pero los usos no coinciden exactamente. En particular, frases como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The website was down as of last Monday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suelen indicar que el suceso (&quot;the website was down&quot;) definitivamente ocurre a partir del momento especificado (&quot;last Monday&quot;), pero no descartan la posibilidad de que hubiera empezado antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe una frase equivalente, con esa propiedad, en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T15:30:38.717" Title="Existe un análogo de &quot;as of (yesterday)&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4882" CreationDate="2014-01-23T13:52:45.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we ignore the pronoun this is what we call &lt;code&gt;sujeto eliptico&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El verbo informa del número y la persona del sujeto, se omite cuando se sobrentiende: se trata del llamado sujeto elíptico. No es que no haya sujeto, sino que este se da por supuesto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But take care in some sentences like &lt;code&gt;Yo leía mucho&lt;/code&gt; , if we drop yo then &lt;code&gt;leía mucho&lt;/code&gt; can be used for the third person  &lt;code&gt;el/ella leía mucho&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On wikiLengua, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Sujeto#Sujeto_t.C3.A1cito.2C_el.C3.ADptico_u_omitido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sujeto elíptico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los tiempos en que la primera persona de singular es igual a la tercera deberá expresarse el sujeto, siempre que su omisión pueda originar duda. Así, en la oración venia muy fatigado, lo mismo puede entenderse yo que él, mientras no se exprese o venga sobrentendido por el contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So drop it when : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The receiver of the message knows who we are speaking about &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The context itself is clear enough &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You unknow who was or you want to hide it on purpose. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are speaking about recent news. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Saben que asesinaron al cantante ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Quienes ? Ellos? Ellas ? Ustedes ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what we call sujeto indeterminado, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Sujeto#Sujeto_indeterminado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikiLengua&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es aquel que no puede determinarse, ya que el hablante desconoce el sujeto o desea ocultarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-01-25T10:38:37.037" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T10:38:37.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4886" CreationDate="2014-01-23T14:54:57.283" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La página web estaba caída a día de ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La página web no estaba disponible a día de ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T14:54:57.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4886" CreationDate="2014-01-23T14:55:27.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... no después del lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;diría yo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T14:55:27.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4886" CreationDate="2014-01-23T15:30:38.717" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La página ya estaba caída el lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La página ya estaba caída por lo menos desde el lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T15:30:38.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4159" CreationDate="2014-01-23T16:28:18.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I want to write &quot;one thousand dot two&quot; by number in Spanish, do I have to write like 1.000,2 in all case? Never 1,000.2? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the country, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spain, you'll always see 1.000'2 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Mexico will be seen as 1,000.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Secondly, Decimal part is read like reading an integer? For example,&#xA;  0,25 needs to be read &quot;cero coma veinticinco&quot;? And not &quot;cero coma dos&#xA;  cinco&quot;? If so, how to read this? 3.1415926535 &quot;tres coma mil&#xA;  cuatrocientos quince millones novecientos veintiséis mil quinientos&#xA;  treinta y cinco&quot;???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if there's no rule for this, children are taught to group numbers in pair in those situations, so Pi would be read as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Tres coma catorce quince noventa y dos seseinta y cinco (...)&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finally, if a number less than 0, how to read the &quot;minus&quot; character? If I just put &quot;menos&quot; before read a number part, is that&#xA;  right? For example, -0,25 is &quot;menos cero coma veinticinco?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right, reading a negative number is always &lt;em&gt;&quot;Menos X&quot;&lt;/em&gt; where X is the number itself, ie &lt;em&gt;&quot;Menos cero coma veinticinco&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2379" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T16:28:18.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4159" CreationDate="2014-01-23T16:55:31.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE's &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt; has a good article on how to write and pronounce &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=n%C3%BAmeros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;numbers&lt;/a&gt;. In what regards your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To separate the integer and decimal parts you should use a comma, but a decimal dot is also admitted (section &lt;em&gt;2 c)&lt;/em&gt; in the article).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually, the appropriate character to separate groups of three digits is the &lt;em&gt;space&lt;/em&gt; (section &lt;em&gt;2 a)&lt;/em&gt;), with some exceptions (section &lt;em&gt;2 b)&lt;/em&gt;). Nevertheless, you will see a dot or a comma (the one not used for separating the decimal part) quite frequently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The article does not mention, unfortunately, how to pronounce the decimal part of a number. As a simple rule, I would recommend to pronounce the numbers one by one, unless there are less than three digits in the decimal part (e.g.: &lt;em&gt;3,25€&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;4,37%&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;9,364 kg&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;tres con veinticinco euros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuatro coma treinta y site por ciento&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nueve coma tres seis cuatro kilos&lt;/em&gt;, respectively; if you use a decimal dot, use &lt;em&gt;punto&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The - sign is always pronounced &lt;em&gt;menos&lt;/em&gt; at the beginning of a number, excepting when you are reading a temperature; in this case, you will usually say &lt;em&gt;bajo cero&lt;/em&gt; at the end (e.g.: &lt;em&gt;-4,7°C&lt;/em&gt; is read &lt;em&gt;cuatro coma siete grados bajo cero&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T16:55:31.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4877" CreationDate="2014-01-23T17:12:43.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;in Colombia it states for:&#xA;    Para qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in a highly hesitating mood. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T17:12:43.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4865" CreationDate="2014-01-23T18:10:38.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Latin abbreviations like &quot;e.g.&quot; (also v.g. with the same meaning) and &quot;i.e.&quot; are commonly used in &quot;standard&quot; (I mean, this is not snob or unusual) Spanish (specially written).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to translate a document/text from English to Spanish I wouldn't dare to replace them by their meaning. So my answer to your question (&quot;Am I correct...&quot;) is &quot;yes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of abbreviations (not only derived from Latin) from the &quot;Real Academa Española&quot; (as you can see both cases are in the list):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2012" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-02-01T07:04:33.730" LastActivityDate="2014-02-01T07:04:33.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4882" CreationDate="2014-01-23T19:53:04.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is called a pro-drop language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means you don't need to actually write the subject pronoun. After all, in Spanish verbs have different forms depending on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) voy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(tú) vas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(él / ella / usted) va&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(nosotros / nosotras) vamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(vosotros / vosotras) vais&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ellos / ellas / ustedes) van&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So writing the subject is redundant, unlike in English (where verb forms are usually the same for all persons except for 3rd singular) or French (where verb forms for singular and 3rd plural are usually written differently but sound the same). However, in Japanese verbs don't inflect with the subject, and it's also a pro-drop language. You just have to guess the subject from the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In pro-drop languages you sometimes may want to mark the subject to add emphasis or to make a contrast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo se fue a Málaga, pero &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; me quedé en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Él&lt;/strong&gt; dijo eso, no yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you do it too often your Spanish will sound unnatural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T19:53:04.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4872" CreationDate="2014-01-24T04:30:02.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé que tan usado sea el albur en otros paises, pero en México es usado a diario y yo diría que con mucha frecuencia. Es usado generalmente entre amigos o en general con gente de confianza en ánimo de camaradería y relajo. El objetivo principal del albur en México es hacer mofa o burla de una persona mediante el uso de palabras cotidianas pero que en un doble sentido están cargadas de connotaciones sexuales. Dada la naturaleza del albur, las posibilidades son tan variadas como extenso es el lenguaje castellano. &#xA;En mi opinión, no hay manera a ciencia cierta de saber cuando estás siendo albureado salvo ganando experiencia en dicho terreno. Sin embargo, existe un conjunto de palabras y/o frases recurrentes a la hora de alburear, por lo tanto es básico conocerlas para tener una idea un poco mas acertada para poder detectar cuando uno está siendo víctima del albur o incluso para tener mayor certeza y animarse así a responder el albur. Aquí enlisto dichas palabras/frases recurrentes en los albures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbos recurrentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentar, arrimar, meter, sacar, lamer, chupar, embarrar, picar, sumir,&#xA;  echar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Del miembro viríl:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Macana, garrote, pájaro, chile, pirata, cíclope, pelón, chorizo,&#xA;  longaniza, plátano, salchicha, verdura, negra, pistola, corneta, leño,&#xA;  ñonga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De orificios corporales:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Papaya, panocha, chango, chico, anís, anillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De sustancias expelidas por el cuerpo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blanco, leche, crema, café, cacahuate, calabaza, pedazo, pedestal,&#xA;  frijoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando este mini glosario, aquí algunos ejemplos de albures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-arrimar el chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-sacar leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-arrimar el chico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-sacar frijoles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas frases y palabras usadas para alburear expuestas aquí son específicamente aplicadas en México, no tengo idea realmente de su uso en este sentido en otros paises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T06:06:26.543" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T06:06:26.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4855" CreationDate="2014-01-24T13:51:38.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one common problem to english speakers when learning spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in english you use &quot;to be&quot; as the same verb for defining states, on spanish we use two different verbs, &quot;ser&quot; y &quot;estar&quot;, with &quot;ser&quot; as a verb wich implies a fixed or adquired state while &quot;estar&quot; implies some type of &quot;transitivity&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example.&#xA;On english you could say:&#xA;Peter &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; a software developer, he &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; working at Nokia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While on spanish this phrase would be:&#xA;Pedro &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; desarrollador de sofware, &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; trabajando para Nokia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, Peter's condition is to be (SER) a software developer, while it's current situation is again to be (but ESTAR on spanish) working at Nokia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T13:51:38.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-25T00:33:53.597" Score="5" ViewCount="1521" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece algo particularmente cubano, pero no estoy seguro, primero, si eso es cierto; segundo, si sólo en Cuba se dice el pronombre personal justo después de la palabra interrogativa. Esta pregunta pide una aclaración al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; te llamas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Dónde (es que) &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; vives? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T23:59:29.007" Title="¿En qué países se coloca el pronombre personal justo después de la &quot;palabra qu-&quot; en preguntas?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4901" CreationDate="2014-01-25T01:50:05.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ésta forma es usada principalmente en países de la órbita centroamericana y algunos países sudamericanos, pero en menor medida, como tú dices, es cierto que en Cuba se utiliza mucho y es una expresión menos común en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2390" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T01:50:05.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4903" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-25T04:25:35.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La República de Cuba es un país asentado en un archipiélago del mar de las Antillas, también conocido como mar Caribe. Su isla principal, conocida como Isla de Cuba, es la más grande de las Antillas Mayores y tiene origen orogénico. También forman parte del archipiélago la Isla de la Juventud y una multitud de cayos o pequeñas islas que rodean a las antes mencionadas, entre estos cayos destacan: Cayo Coco, Cayo Guillermo, Cayo Largo del Sur, Cayo Jutía, entre otros. Al norte se encuentran Estados Unidos y Bahamas, al oeste México, al sur las Islas Caimán y Jamaica y al sudeste la isla La Española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capital:     La Habana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idiomas oficiales:  Español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gentilicio: cubano, -a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forma de gobierno:  Régimen – Dictadura Estado socialista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presidente: Raúl Castro &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Superficie Total:   110.860 km²&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Superficie % agua:  despreciable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fronteras:  29 km&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Población total:    Puesto 71º&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Total:   11.242.628 (2009)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Densidad:    102,3 hab/km²&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Total (2009):    US$ 110.800 millones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moneda: Peso cubano (CUP)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Peso cubano convertible(CUC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Huso horario:   UTC –5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• en verano:   UTC –4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Código ISO: 192 / CUB / CU&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dominio Internet:   .cu&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefijo telefónico: +53&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T11:08:56.533" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T11:08:56.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4904" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-25T04:25:35.793" Score="0" Body="Regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Cuba / Regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Cuba." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T11:08:56.533" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T11:08:56.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4905" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4906" CreationDate="2014-01-25T22:01:27.937" Score="1" ViewCount="1107" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say in Spanish &quot;there's a fine line between&quot; something and something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in &quot;the difference is not clear-cut&quot; or &quot;it's not black &amp;amp; white&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It feels that something like &quot;no hay mucha diferencia entre&quot; doesn't capture the English idiom very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2014-01-25T23:18:41.220" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T11:47:19.530" Title="&quot;Fine line between&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-01-25T22:12:20.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay una sutil diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for &quot;the difference is not clear-cut&quot;. And indeed, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay mucha diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be wrong. You'd be saying that the difference is negligible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-25T22:18:07.403" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T22:18:07.403" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-01-25T22:54:16.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del X a Y hay solo un paso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;Del amor al odio hay solo un paso&lt;/em&gt; will be &lt;em&gt;There is a fine line between love and hate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Napolean said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is only one step from the sublime to the ridiculous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;In wikiquote is translated&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;em&gt;De lo sublime a lo ridículo no hay más que un paso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del X a Y hay solo un paso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del X a Y no hay más que un paso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both as idioms are the same, but for me the first is more used and I have heard it more often when you use two opposite words or in films.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-01-25T22:59:26.340" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T22:59:26.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4928" CreationDate="2014-01-26T00:57:55.913" Score="7" ViewCount="6085" Body="&lt;p&gt;En oraciones como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de que el partido finalizara, los hinchas dejaron el estadio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me pregunto: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué se utiliza el subjuntivo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es éste es un tipo especial del mismo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-01-26T20:39:11.257" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T06:18:31.957" Title="¿Por qué se utiliza el subjuntivo en oraciones del tipo: &quot;antes de que finalizara&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4912" CreationDate="2014-01-26T02:31:32.500" Score="3" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep coming across passages like this in the Spanish (original) version of Don Quixote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;desfiguraban, dio una gran voz, diciendo:&#xA;&#xA;. ¡Jesús! ¿Qué es lo que veo?&#xA;&#xA;Y con el sobresalto se le cayó la vela de las manos; y, &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(note the &quot;. &quot; after &quot;deciendo:&quot; and before &quot;¡Jesús!&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it really so that there should be a period there? I doubt it, but I want to make sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;grammar accent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T05:13:48.320" Title="Are leading periods really a part of written Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4909" CreationDate="2014-01-26T03:08:43.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not in the spanish grammar I know.  Maybe is an old spanish feature.  At present,  day, modern spanish do not use period inside a sentence,  we use only to finish a sentence.&#xA;You won't find this type of writing in any modern text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T03:08:43.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4909" CreationDate="2014-01-26T05:06:21.737" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;That dot/period &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; means the dialogue start, now days is more common the use of &lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt; dash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desfiguraban, dio una gran voz, diciendo: //narration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. ¡Jesús! ¿Qué es lo que veo? //dialogue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con el sobresalto se le cayó la vela de las manos; y, //narration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I know is used now days is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desfiguraban, dio una gran voz, diciendo: //narration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt; ¡Jesús! ¿Qué es lo que veo? //dialogue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con el sobresalto se le cayó la vela de las manos; y, //narration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T05:13:48.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4914" CreationDate="2014-01-26T21:50:30.290" Score="0" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es el &amp;quot;lo neutro&amp;quot;? ¿De qué manera funciona? ¿Cuáles son ejemplos del &amp;quot;lo neutro&amp;quot; en contexto? Mi maestro me dijo que debo buscar de qué manera funciona el &amp;quot;lo neutro&amp;quot; en contexto. Pienso que el &amp;quot;lo neutro&amp;quot; es el nombre de una construcción gramatical, pero no puedo encontrar de qué manera funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por su consideración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is &amp;quot;el lo neutro&amp;quot; or neuter &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;? How does it function? What are some examples of it in context? My teacher told me to determine how &amp;quot;el lo neutro&amp;quot; functions in context. I think that it is a grammatical construction, but I am not sure what &amp;quot;el lo neutro&amp;quot; refers to and could not find it online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-25T08:28:29.700" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T08:28:29.700" Title="¿De qué manera funciona el &quot;lo neutro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4913" CreationDate="2014-01-27T01:17:08.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe &amp;quot;el lo neutro&amp;quot; makes any sense... but I believe I know what you're referring to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish has various uses. The most obvious perhaps is as the &lt;em&gt;masculine direct object pronoun&lt;/em&gt;. e.g. *Tienes el diccionario?&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;Do you have the dictionairy?&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;No lo tengo&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;I don't have it.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the use of &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;neuter&lt;/em&gt; sense (that is, neither masculine nor feminine) is what I believe you're referring to. As far as I know, there are two similar situations in which it can/should be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;as a &lt;em&gt;subject pronoun&lt;/em&gt; to refer to an idea, concept, or generally something abstract. e.g. &amp;quot;Lo importante es que llegue en hora.&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;The important thing is that you arrive on time.&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;What is important is that you arrive on time.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;as a &lt;em&gt;direct object pronoun&lt;/em&gt;, in exactly the same way as above, except as an object pronoun in a clause. e.g. &amp;quot;¡No lo creo!&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;I don't believe it.&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apologies if you were not referring to this construct, but the above is my best guess. Hopefully that helps a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2394" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-25T08:21:03.297" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T08:21:03.297" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2014-01-27T06:04:06.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos/Vamonos&quot; es simplemente una invitación a hacer algo. Let's run. Corramos. Let's eat. Comamos. Let's sing.c Cantemos. En este caso vamos/vamonos pueden significar lo mismo. Sin embargo, dependiendo del contexto podría cambiar. Vamos! Podria signicar algos si como. Yeah you can get it! Como dándole ánimo a alguien y 'vamonos' definitivamente podria ser una invitación que significaría: salgamos de este lugar. En Mexico, España, Colombia y demás paises se debe usar así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2395" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T06:04:06.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4913" CreationDate="2014-01-27T06:50:37.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the existing answer, the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; particle –a neuter definite article–  serves as a &lt;em&gt;nominalization agent&lt;/em&gt; for adjectives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;adjective&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;+&lt;code&gt;adjective&lt;/code&gt; = &lt;code&gt;noun&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I wouldn't say that this construction holds only for abstract things. Actually the process of adding &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is abstraction itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can nominalize every adjective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lo rojo, lo inteligente, lo grosero, lo infantil, lo bello, lo inútil, lo grande, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T06:50:37.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-01-28T01:20:14.220" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Uruguay and Argentina and also Spain the more accurate translation of shit happens would be the expression: &quot;son cosas que pasan&quot; and most of the time the &quot;son&quot; word is omitted and you just say: &quot;cosas que pasan&quot; (although in Spain it's more common not to omit it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another similar expression to express this but that isn't as accurate (can have a slightly different meaning depending the context), is: &quot;son cosas de la vida&quot; (again, you can omit the &quot;son&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-11T13:16:55.777" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T13:16:55.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4921" CreationDate="2014-01-28T01:32:18.827" Score="4" ViewCount="17723" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es una ofensa llamar a alguien &quot;Gabacho&quot; en Mexico y en otros países donde el español se habla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:30:58.497" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T20:11:32.867" Title="Es una ofensa para llamarle a alguien &quot;Gabacho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4918" CreationDate="2014-01-28T07:38:32.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gabacho es un modo despectivo de denominar a los franceses en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tiene por qué tratarse directamente como un insulto, si bien su connotación es directamente despectiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T07:38:32.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4918" CreationDate="2014-01-28T08:51:22.423" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España, absolutamente &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Gabacho&lt;/em&gt; es el modo despectivo de referirse a un Francés, de igual forma que &lt;em&gt;Guiri&lt;/em&gt; alude a una persona del norte de Europa, &lt;em&gt;Moro&lt;/em&gt; a alguien del norte de África o &lt;em&gt;Sudaca&lt;/em&gt; a alguien de America Latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2379" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T08:51:22.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4918" CreationDate="2014-01-28T09:04:43.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desconozco sinceramente el origen del uso de este término en México, pero lo que te puedo decir es que lo usamos para referirnos a las personas de origen Estadounidense. No creo que sea puramente despectivo, mas bien depende del contexto con el que lo usas.De hecho es común escuchar en México que alguien se fué al &lt;code&gt;gabacho&lt;/code&gt; para indicar que esa persona se fué a Estados Unidos, en dicho caso el término &lt;code&gt;gabacho&lt;/code&gt; se usa para sustituir el propio nombre del país(Estados Unidos).&#xA; Según mi experiencia esta palabra es usada como sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;gringo&lt;/code&gt;. Remarco, este vocablo lo he escuchado(y utilizado muchas veces) en México(desconozco su significado y uso en otros paises).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T09:04:43.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4972" CreationDate="2014-01-28T09:59:06.610" Score="2" ViewCount="14687" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the vowels and consonants used in Spanish language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2125" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T03:31:47.413" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T10:39:56.310" Title="What vowels and consonants are used in the Spanish language?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4922" CreationDate="2014-01-28T11:31:18.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vowels: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a e i o u&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consonants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;b c d f g h j k l m n ñ p q r s t v w x y z&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2379" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T11:31:18.473" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4924" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4925" CreationDate="2014-01-28T13:40:51.883" Score="3" ViewCount="1409" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna forma especial de llamar al idioma español hablado en América Latina, para diferenciarlo del español hablado en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:22:14.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:23:37.657" Title="¿Cómo se puede llamar al español hablado en América Latina?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4924" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:06:58.133" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simplemente indicar el país. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;español venezolano&lt;/em&gt;. Cada dialecto, generalmente, no tiene un nombre especialmente definido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes leer mas información en: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_espa%C3%B1ol#Variedades_dialectales_del_espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Variedades dialectales del español&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comunmente en internet se le suele llamar &lt;em&gt;latino&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;español Latino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros casos se usa el nombre &lt;code&gt;Castellano&lt;/code&gt; para identificar el de España exclusivamente, pero existe &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_espa%C3%B1ol#Pol.C3.A9mica_en_torno_a_.C2.ABespa.C3.B1ol.C2.BB_o_.C2.ABcastellano.C2.BB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mucha polémica al respecto&lt;/a&gt; y su uso no es tan generalizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy por hoy, lo mejor es especificar directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:23:37.657" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:23:37.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4924" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:36:10.530" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Español latino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso, por ejemplo, si buscas en youtube series o películas dobladas en cierta página de videos, para diferenciar los tipos de español lo más frecuente es poner &quot;español latino&quot; o simplemente &quot;latino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T14:36:10.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4908" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:50:46.373" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras un poco de investigación gramática, mis descubrimientos fueron los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa el subjuntivo con &quot;antes de&quot; y &quot;después de&quot;, si se trata de diferentes sujetos (&quot;comimos antes de que lloviera&quot; vs. &quot;comí antes de salir&quot;). Una lista completa de usos &lt;a href=&quot;http://uni.canuelo.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/subjuntivo_formas_y_usos_nvo.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa porque al momento de la acción del presente (comer), el futuro (llover) aún es hipotético.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2400" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T14:50:46.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4872" CreationDate="2014-01-28T17:00:56.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que puedes aprender viendo el siguiente video donde &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rk8LvQsbeM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alburean a la bailarina española Raquel Ortega&lt;/a&gt;, jueza de Pequeños Gigantes, cuando vino a México. Te listo gran parte de ellos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor mandale un saludo a mi primo Elber Galarga: El verga larga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elma Canon: El macananon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alma Madero: Al mamadero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rosa Melgorro: Rosame el gorro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rosa Melano: Rosame el ano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Benito Camela: Ven y tocamela (la verga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raspado de anis: Raspado de ano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lomas Ajeo: lo masajeo (el pene)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Quieres a Carlos?: ¿Quieres sacarlos (los penes)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juancho Talarga: Juancho esta larga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Te gusto el queso plabas?: ¿Te gusto el (pene) que soplabas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saludos desde San Goloteas: zangoloteas (los pechos o los testiculos) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Te gustó el queso babas?: ¿Te gustó el (pene) que sobabas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elber Gonzalez: El vergon &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paty Lacabezona: Para ti la cabezona (la verga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paloma Maria: Lo mamaria (el pene)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rosa Celeste: Rosas el este&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Melpico: Me pico (la vagina o el ano)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá falten algunos mas porque inclusive como nativo puedes no entender a la primera el albur (doble sentido). Como te podras dar cuenta todos tienen connotación sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T17:24:07.667" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T17:24:07.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4931" CreationDate="2014-01-28T17:02:03.620" Score="7" ViewCount="5323" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do we use &quot;es&quot; for &quot;usted&quot; and &quot;eres&quot; for &quot;tú&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T08:45:25.020" Title="Why do we use different words for &quot;Usted es un niño&quot; and &quot;Tú eres un niño&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4930" CreationDate="2014-01-28T17:08:47.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usted is equivalent to you (2nd person) in English but it uses the third person form of the verbs (like he, she, it) in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;presente verbo es:&#xA;yo soy&#xA;tú eres&#xA;él es&#xA;nosotros somos&#xA;vosotros sois&#xA;ellos son&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usted must use 'es'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2186" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T17:08:47.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4930" CreationDate="2014-01-28T18:05:02.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tú&quot; and &quot;Usted&quot; are the second personal-pronoun. Both of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &quot;Tú&quot; for friends, siblings, people of our age, sometimes younger people than us, or someone that we have confidence with,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;Usted&quot; we refer to older people than you, professors, maybe your parents and older familiars, or someone you don't have that much confidence with. It shows some respect for the person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es&quot; and &quot;Eres&quot; are the conjugation of the verb &quot;Ser&quot; (&quot;To be&quot;). We use &quot;Es&quot; with &quot;Usted&quot; and &quot;Eres&quot; with &quot;Tú&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T18:05:02.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4936" CreationDate="2014-01-28T18:45:54.717" Score="6" ViewCount="13610" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país Cuba para referirnos al color marrón nosotros decimos &lt;em&gt;carmelita&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He notado que por ejemplo en Colombia y México nunca me entendieron cuando lo mencionaba y tenía que decir color &lt;strong&gt;café&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;marrón&lt;/strong&gt; para hacerme entender. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de &lt;em&gt;carmelita&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Es usado en otras regiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-21T15:48:55.300" LastActivityDate="2020-02-21T15:48:55.300" Title="¿Origen de &quot;carmelita&quot; como color?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;religión&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4953" CreationDate="2014-01-28T18:51:32.373" Score="6" ViewCount="2123" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I learned &lt;em&gt;aquí, allí, allá,&lt;/em&gt; but in Costa Rica it all seems to become &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;. Am I not remembering the Castellano correctly or does this differentiation not exist in Latin America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2405" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T12:51:21.403" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T15:19:38.087" Title="&quot;Aquí&quot; and &quot;acá&quot; regional differences" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;deixis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4934" CreationDate="2014-01-28T19:09:38.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Aquí&quot; and &quot;Acá&quot; have the same meaning. The same for &quot;Allí&quot; and &quot;Allá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &quot;Aquí/Acá&quot; when you're talking about a position near to you, or maybe your own position. In the other hand, &quot;Allí/Allá&quot; is for pointing a position far from you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí/Acá fue donde lo vi por última vez.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta silla de aquí/acá es de hace 5 años.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vamos a comer allá/allí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese de allá/allí es a quien buscas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T19:09:38.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4933" CreationDate="2014-01-28T19:52:52.090" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE está el color que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?w=carmelita&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carmelita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. (Por alus. al del hábito de los carmelitas). adj. Bol., Chile y Cuba. Se dice del color pardo, castaño claro o acanelado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves también se usa en Chile y Bolivia y el origen es el color del hábito que llevan la orden de las carmelitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarmente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/franciscano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;franciscano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; significa &amp;quot;Marrón semejante al del hábito de los franciscanos&amp;quot;, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappuccino#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;capuchino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solía significar un color en el siglo XVII, por el hábito de los capuchinos (y de allí el nombre del café, por su color parecido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-02-21T15:46:32.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2014-01-28T22:14:52.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría significar que otro individuo aproveche el tiempo, momento, oportunidad que está pasando con el individuo al que está refiriéndose en ese momento, ya que tal vez no se pueda repetir o no dure mucho. (Ej: María, víveme ahora que estoy aquí). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2410" LastEditorUserId="13136" LastEditDate="2019-09-17T06:34:52.217" LastActivityDate="2019-09-17T06:34:52.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4939" CreationDate="2014-01-28T23:27:58.687" Score="6" ViewCount="12720" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see them both being used to represent possession. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es suyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es tuyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these sentences the same? What is the difference between these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T21:44:59.570" Title="What is the difference between &quot;tuyo&quot; and &quot;suyo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4938" CreationDate="2014-01-28T23:31:12.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &quot;tuyo&quot; when we refer to the person as &quot;tú&quot;.&#xA;We use &quot;suyo&quot; when we refer to the person as &quot;usted&quot;.&#xA;We also use &quot;suyo&quot; when we refer to someone else's possessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T23:31:12.517" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4938" CreationDate="2014-01-29T00:25:39.087" Score="13" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es suyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can have four meanings depending upon who you're talking to or the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cat is yours (formal speaking, if you're using 'Usted' as the person) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cat is his &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cat is hers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cat is theirs &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es tuyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can only mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cat is yours&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastEditorUserId="2412" LastEditDate="2014-02-04T19:24:01.160" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T19:24:01.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4946" CreationDate="2014-01-29T00:52:17.977" Score="1" ViewCount="5409" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo estas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hábito&lt;/strong&gt; refiriéndose a comportamiento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hábito&lt;/strong&gt; refiriéndose a religioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habito&lt;/strong&gt; refiriéndose a habitar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;surgieron y su significado se diferenció.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T00:52:47.100" Title="Origen y diferenciación de Hábito (comportamiento), Hábito (religioso) y Habito (Habitar)" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4943" CreationDate="2014-01-29T02:19:21.380" Score="4" ViewCount="387" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you use &quot;alguna que otra cosa&quot; in context? What does this phrase mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastEditorUserId="2223" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T06:00:25.440" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T06:00:25.440" Title="How do you use &quot;alguna que otra cosa&quot; in context?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4942" CreationDate="2014-01-29T02:38:42.797" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo que comprar alguna que otra cosa&lt;/em&gt; = I have to buy some things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Veo alguna que otra película&lt;/em&gt; = I see the ocassional movie / I see a movie every once and a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2413" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T10:47:17.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4960" CreationDate="2014-01-29T02:49:45.687" Score="8" ViewCount="2929" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto se refiere a las &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/help/badges&quot;&gt;Medallas&lt;/a&gt; de StackOverflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nice Question =&gt; &lt;strong&gt;?????????????&lt;/strong&gt; | Question score of 10 or more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Question =&gt;  Buena pregunta | Question score of 25 or more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great Question =&gt; Gran pregunta | Question score of 100 or more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question score of &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt; or more =&gt; Pregunta con puntaje de &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt; o más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;code&gt;Nice Question&lt;/code&gt; cómo la traduciría y todavía pueda diferenciarla de las otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo todas estas opciones de google translator pero no me convence ninguna:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;agradable | amable | bonito | precioso | bien | bueno | lindo | muy |  Simpático | majo | bastante | guapo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T19:46:27.420" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T19:46:27.420" Title="Cuál sería la traducción de Nice, Great y Good Question?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4944" CreationDate="2014-01-29T08:41:25.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nice&lt;/code&gt; has in spanish the same translation as &lt;code&gt;Good&lt;/code&gt;, while the connotation is really different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;Buena pregunta&lt;/code&gt;, the adjective &lt;code&gt;Buena&lt;/code&gt; relies on the context to have one meaning or another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buena as Nice&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robert&lt;/strong&gt;: El otro día me encontré un cocodrilo en el baño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maria&lt;/strong&gt;: Qué hacía un cocodrilo en tu baño?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robert&lt;/strong&gt;: Buena pregunta. &amp;lt;&lt;em&gt;meaning Nice Question&lt;/em&gt;&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buena as Good&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robert&lt;/strong&gt;: He implementado las comunicaciones usando ActiveMQ&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maria&lt;/strong&gt;: Por qué ActiveMQ y no RabbitMQ o Fuse?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robert&lt;/strong&gt;: Buena pregunta. &amp;lt;&lt;em&gt;meaning Good Question&lt;/em&gt;&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2241" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T08:41:25.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4941" CreationDate="2014-01-29T11:17:42.440" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver en su entrada al wiktionary &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/habitus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/habitus#Latin&lt;/a&gt; vienen del verbo tener &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Están las 3 palabras que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esta la forma derivada &lt;em&gt;habitus&lt;/em&gt; (nombre) como definición de comportamiento, conducta (&lt;em&gt;physical or emotional condition, manner, behaviour&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;em&gt;Habitus&lt;/em&gt; es el resultado de &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt; y el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-tus&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habitare&lt;/em&gt; es el infinitivo presente activo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/habito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;habito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en la definición de donde resido, me alojo habitualmente. &lt;em&gt;Habito&lt;/em&gt; es el resultado de &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt; y el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De la vestimenta religiosa, se originó de &lt;em&gt;habitus&lt;/em&gt;(nombre) participio pasivo del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/habere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;habere&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Definición: Lo que uno tiene, manera de vestir, por eso en el caso que los monjes es su hábito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T13:54:57.490" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T13:54:57.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4944" CreationDate="2014-01-29T12:38:51.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would read it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice Question: Pregunta aceptable (or something like that)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Question: Buena preguna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great Question: Excelente pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translation is not exact, but in this case I think it would help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T12:38:51.650" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4930" CreationDate="2014-01-29T12:44:20.453" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is derived from the ancient expression &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;your mercy&lt;/em&gt;), which was used to politely/formally address other people several centuries ago. When you addressed someone as &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt;, you were not directly addressing them, but something else (&quot;their mercy&quot;); hence the use of the 3rd person that has been kept to our days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many other languages resort to using the plural in their courtesy treatments, such as French (&lt;em&gt;vous&lt;/em&gt;) or German (&lt;em&gt;Sie&lt;/em&gt;). Even English, though this is masked nowadays. Originally, &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; was the plural of &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt;; but it was used so often as a courtesy treatment that the singular form (&lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt;) was deprecated in regular use. This is the reason why, nowadays, English makes no difference between the singular and plural forms of the 2nd person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T08:45:25.020" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T08:45:25.020" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-01-29T17:29:26.137" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different ways to express the same salutation in spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué bueno verte (de nuevo)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué gusto verte (de nuevo)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Me alegro de verte (de nuevo)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Me alegro de (volver a) verte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T23:29:44.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4865" CreationDate="2014-01-29T17:33:17.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I simply use &lt;code&gt;por ej.&lt;/code&gt; as an abbreviation to &lt;code&gt;por ejemplo&lt;/code&gt; or sometimes just &lt;code&gt;ej.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T17:33:17.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-01-29T19:29:21.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Me alegro de verte de nuevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2417" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T13:14:03.020" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T13:14:03.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4934" CreationDate="2014-01-30T08:39:45.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; is not typically used. So you probably learned the Spanish from Spain where we use &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; as you said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the word &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; is very common in Latin America countries, and has the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T14:21:01.073" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T14:21:01.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4975" CreationDate="2014-01-30T09:54:20.937" Score="6" ViewCount="3682" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Orale, ese, qué pasa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es una ofensa le llamar a alguien &quot;ese&quot; ? En la película &quot; Sangre por Sangre&quot; acostumbran llamarse mutuamente &quot;ese&quot;. ¿Sería una ofensa llamar a alguien &quot;ese&quot;, si no fueras mexicano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-01T20:57:11.783" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T18:40:16.583" Title="¿Es una ofensa llamar a alguien &quot;ese&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4955" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-30T10:01:59.700" Score="3" ViewCount="1963" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is with regard to university studies. I can only find references saying it means 'university exam', but I was wondering if it meant 'final exam' or similar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T10:37:19.943" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T10:37:19.943" Title="What does 'examen de grado' mean?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;lenguaje-académico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-01-30T11:24:44.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según yo, depende de la situación. Por ejemplo, si estás conversando con alguien y dices &quot;&lt;em&gt;Es ese de ahí&quot;&lt;/em&gt; refiriendote a alguien que está a cierta distancia, no creo que se pueda tomar como ofensa, simplemente le estás indicando a esa persona. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También dependerá mucho del tono en mi opinión. Si dijieras la misma frase, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Es ese de ahí&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, pero con tono de desprecio, podría considerarse de mala manera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, si llegaras a utilizar la misma frase, y la persona a la que te refieres te llega a escuchar, él/ella podría llegar a ofenderse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dije, según mi opinión, todo dependería de la situación y del tono en que se diga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T11:24:44.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4955" CreationDate="2014-01-30T12:03:46.570" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading about the 'examen de grado' is more a exposition or final project, in Spain is called the 'proyecto final de carrera'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final examination are the annual exams for the different courses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation for that should be 'final year project'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2186" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T12:03:46.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4955" CreationDate="2014-01-30T13:42:50.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El examen de grado es el proyecto final de carrera. Como puedes ver en este ejemplo de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unav.edu/web/facultad-de-teologia/licenciatura/teologia-historica/examen-de-grado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Universidad de Navarra&lt;/a&gt; es cuando expones el proyecto desarrollado ante un jurado. En mi caso para el resumen en inglés puse: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bachelor Presentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como aún no estás graduado puedes también poner &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Undergraduate Presentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la documentación en vez de &lt;em&gt;Presentation&lt;/em&gt; pones &lt;em&gt;Thesis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A thesis or dissertation is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres ver más información sobre cada país te aconsejo mirar este apartado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis#Regional_and_degree-specific_practices_and_terminologies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis#Regional_and_degree-specific_practices_and_terminologies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque como puedes ver en el ejemplo de Canada y para las que son de habla inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;At English-speaking Canadian universities, writings presented in fulfillment of undergraduate coursework requirements are normally called papers, term papers or essays. A long paper presented for completion of a 4-year bachelor degree is sometimes called a major paper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T13:48:34.980" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T13:48:34.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4944" CreationDate="2014-01-30T15:26:25.280" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una pregunta difícil. Como ya se ha dicho, generalmente tanto &quot;nice&quot; como &quot;good&quot; se suelen traducir como &quot;buena&quot;. No todos los idiomas tienen los mismos matices para las calificaciones y no todos los niveles tienen un equivalente exacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;aceptable&quot; se queda bastante por debajo de &quot;nice&quot;, e incluso descalificaría a las respuestas que no llegaran al &quot;nice&quot;, que quedarían como &quot;inaceptables&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo propongo romper los esquemas y construir desde cero una escala propia en español. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice Question =&gt; Buena pregunta &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Question =&gt; Muy buena pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great Question =&gt; Gran pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se quiere evitar el uso del superlativo (muy buena), se puede usar otra escala:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice Question =&gt; Buena pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Question =&gt; Gran pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great Question =&gt; Excelente pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T15:26:25.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2014-01-30T15:55:37.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo &lt;strong&gt;vivir&lt;/strong&gt; en esa frase con el sentido de &lt;strong&gt;experimentar&lt;/strong&gt;.  Te pongo por ejemplo de este uso una frase que encontré en el diccionario de Wordreference: &quot;Yo vivo la música de una forma distinta.&quot; Es decir, experimento o siento la música de otra forma que los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=byZS22V%7CbycwmXJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepción del DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Sentir o experimentar la impresión producida por algún hecho o acaecimiento. &lt;em&gt;Hemos vivido momentos de inquietud. Todas sus alegrías y sus penas las vivimos nosotros.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaro que el español no es mi lengua materna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2421" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-17T15:34:48.243" LastActivityDate="2019-09-17T15:34:48.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="4962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-01-30T16:47:38.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Donde yo crecí, en Los Angeles, California, &quot;ese&quot; no tiene malas conotaciones entre amigos. Es equivalente a la palabra &quot;dude&quot; en inglés.  Nunca se usa para referirse a una persona de mayor estatus como la familia o un jefe.  Solo entre amigos se usa así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la gente no chicana la usan para referirse a la gente chicana o latina, se puede interpretar como insulto, dependiendo de la familiaridad entre el que la usa y a quien se refiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T18:38:28.160" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T18:38:28.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4966" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:23:18.753" Score="4" ViewCount="679" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se habla de &quot;Bump&quot; en el contexto de foros, por ejemplo, se asocia al hecho de hacer que una conversación pase a estar como recientemente modificada, y por ende, primera en el listado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué traducción sería la más apropiada en ese contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2422" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T18:44:01.367" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T18:44:01.367" Title="Cómo se traduce apropiadamente &quot;Bump a thread&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4963" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:23:18.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Opciones que considero posibles en este contexto pero que no me convencen mucho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sacudir conversación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agitar conversación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Golpear conversación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resaltar conversación (esta ya creo que pierde el significado real)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T17:23:18.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4955" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:38:08.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba usamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para un el examen de grado que sería el examen correspodiente a un curso de la universidad &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examen Final&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Trabajo de curso&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el último trabajo o examen de la carrera que lleva exposición ante un jurado usamos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tesis&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Trabajo de Diploma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el examen que evalua todos los conocimientos adquiridos durante la carrera que es para los que no tienen opción de hacer Tesis, se utiliza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prueba Estatal&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Examen Estatal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T03:59:26.070" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T03:59:26.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4963" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:50:26.253" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Revivir el tema o la discusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T17:50:26.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-01-30T18:04:05.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia referirse a una persona,  como &lt;strong&gt;ese&lt;/strong&gt; es peyorativo.  Se hace en un contexto agresivo,  y es claramente una demostracion de desprecio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T18:04:05.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2014-01-30T23:08:48.363" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Mexican and we never use &lt;code&gt;pinche&lt;/code&gt; as Kitchen boy, though some Mexicans would know it also means chef's helper. We always use it as an insult enhancer and can turn almost any curse word into a really rude one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pinche pendejo/pendeja = fucking asshole&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pinche puto/puta = fucking faggot/whore&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pinche culero = fucking asshole&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used alone as an adjective it just means something lousy, ugly, something that sucks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta fiesta esta bien pinche&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;This party is really lousy / This party really sucks&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T10:23:37.407" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T10:23:37.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4922" CreationDate="2014-01-31T02:35:35.870" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;All spoken languages have both &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vowels&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consonants&lt;/a&gt;.  Vowels and consonant are simply the two &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulatory_phonetics#The_two_classes_of_sounds&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;broadest classifications&lt;/a&gt; of vocal sounds.  A vowel is defined as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a sound in spoken language, pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a consonant as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The names &amp;quot;vowel&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;consonant&amp;quot; are also often used to describe the written letters which make the respective vowel and consonant sounds, but this often leads to confusion in cases where a single letter (or letter combination) may represent either a vowel or consonant sound when spoken. This is quite common in English, but also happens in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Common examples in English of a &amp;quot;vowel letter&amp;quot; actually representing a consonant are &lt;em&gt;Unicorn&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Uniform&lt;/em&gt;.  The letter &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; is also confusing in both languages, as it can represent either a vowel (as in &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish or &lt;em&gt;byte&lt;/em&gt; in English) or a consonant (as in &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, or &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt; in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In writing systems based on the Latin alphabet, the letters A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y are all used to represent vowels. However, not all of these letters represent vowels in all languages, or even consistently within one language (some of them, especially W and Y, are also used to represent approximants).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Generally speaking...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish, the following letters represent vowel sounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A, E, I, O, U, Y, &amp;amp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the following letters&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; represent consonant sounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B, C, Ch&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, Ll&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, M, N, Ñ, P, Q, R, Rr&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, S, T, V, X, Y, Z&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal#Vocales_escritas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;Historically, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch_(digraph)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ch&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ll#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ll&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/385/12&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; have been considered distinct letters in Spanish, but are more often considered separate letters in modern times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;More specifically...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are only &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/115&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;5 vowels&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish (English has 12):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spanish Vowel Sounds     English Example     Spanish Example&#xA;/a/ = &amp;quot;ah&amp;quot;               father, saw         papa, agua&#xA;/e/ = &amp;quot;eh&amp;quot;               met, bed            esperanza, bebe&#xA;/i/ = &amp;quot;ee&amp;quot;               bee, leaf           sí, chica&#xA;/o/ = &amp;quot;oh&amp;quot;               low, know           loco, bonito&#xA;/u/ = &amp;quot;oo&amp;quot;               sue, do             grupo, futuro&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is often said that Spanish has only 5 vowels, and they never vary; although this is generally true, it's not strictly true, especially if you consider diphthongs and regional differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Consonants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complete understanding of all consonants in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; is probably even more complex. Many consonants exist in both English and Spanish, although there are a few which are distinct to Spanish which may cause many English speakers problems, such as the trilled &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rocketlanguages.com/spanish/learn/spanish-consonants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Ñ&lt;/em&gt;, and the &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T03:41:14.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-02-01T03:16:47.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí la forma que usan &quot;&lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en esa película es más en referencia a la cultura de pandillas. Nosotros, entre amigos, cuando queríamos molestar a alguien le decíamos &lt;em&gt;¿qué pasa ese fecal?&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala es una ofensa llamar a alguien &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;, en esta ocasión se refiere a una tercera persona. Cuando dices, &lt;em&gt;¿cómo se llama &quot;ese&quot;?&lt;/em&gt;, la respuesta general es: &quot;esa es una persona, así que refiérase a él o ella con el subjetivo correcto&quot;. Se ve y escucha mal decir &quot;ese&quot; o &quot;esa&quot;. Es mejor decir como se llama él o ella.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2433" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T18:33:55.703" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T18:33:55.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4865" CreationDate="2014-02-01T03:37:51.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If eg. is a latin abrevation then we don't use them.  We would use spanish abrevation maybe?  for example we use ejemplo, ej. señor, sr. señorita, srita. posdata, ps. etc. etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2433" LastActivityDate="2014-02-01T03:37:51.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-02-01T19:28:58.247" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que depende del contexto. Si se enfatiza la palabra, suena ofensivo, sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2439" LastActivityDate="2014-02-01T19:28:58.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5020" CreationDate="2014-02-01T23:21:40.577" Score="1" ViewCount="1568" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why doesn't the above translate to &quot;Wine with wine&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T22:19:38.637" Title="How does &quot;Vino con vino&quot; translate to &quot;She came with wine&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4979" CreationDate="2014-02-02T00:10:59.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;Vino con vino&quot; the first &quot;Vino&quot; is for the conjugation of the verb &quot;Venir&quot; (&quot;To come&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-02-02T00:10:59.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4986" CreationDate="2014-02-02T01:02:42.083" Score="6" ViewCount="4539" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like this sentence can be formed without the &quot;De&quot; so what is it for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T23:10:51.967" Title="&quot;¿De qué color es la camisa?&quot; - What is &quot;De&quot; for?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4985" CreationDate="2014-02-02T02:36:03.140" Score="5" ViewCount="6098" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quieres ver la televisión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Chíngalo&lt;/strong&gt;! Vamos al cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería una ofensa decir &amp;quot;chíngalo&amp;quot; en donde se hable español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-22T08:48:08.670" Title="¿Es una grosería decir &quot;chíngalo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-02-02T02:59:41.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, pues no comento porque necesito más reputación, así que lo pongo como &amp;quot;respuesta&amp;quot;.&#xA;Esa pregunta se puede responder de dos maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; color azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera respuesta es sólo una manera abreviada de decir la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, as I can't comment because I need more reputation, I will put it as a &amp;quot;reply&amp;quot;. That question can be answered in two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; color azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first answer is only an abbreviated way to say the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T00:10:21.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4988" CreationDate="2014-02-02T03:05:49.873" Score="2" ViewCount="12276" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pensé que iba a volver a verte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos sabíamos que iba a fallar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iba a + infinitivo puede ser reemplazado por el condicional del infinitivo, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pensé que volvería a verte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos sabíamos que fallaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna referencia formal que se refiera a esta construcción de algún organismo lingüístico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T02:20:13.087" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T16:49:36.423" Title="iba a + infinitivo con valor de condicional" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4982" CreationDate="2014-02-02T08:16:05.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no me equivoco, quiso usted escribir &quot;chíngalo&quot; y no &quot;chingalo&quot;. En el contexto en que la usa aquí, parece ser una interjección usada para expresar una fuerte negativa a una proposición: &quot;¿Quieres ver la televisión? ¡No! Vamos al cine.&quot; Este uso sería más propio de México. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Puerto Rico, donde crecí y me eduqué, no usamos ni tenemos un significado para &quot;chingalo&quot;, que así sin tilde diacrítica sería palabra con acento grave o llano en la que la penúltima sílaba es la sílaba tónica. La que sí se usa en Puerto Rico es &quot;chíngalo&quot;, palabra esdrújula con acento diacrítico en la antepenúltima sílaba y generalmente se entendería en su sentido recto como una orden, &quot;penétralo&quot; (2da per. singular, presente, imperativo de &quot;penetrar&quot;), en el sentido sexual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Chíngalo&quot; se deriva del verbo &quot;chingar&quot;, que en Puerto Rico se usa casi exclusivamente en su acepción de &quot;sostener relaciones sexuales&quot;. En un sentido figurativo &quot;chíngalo&quot; puede usarse para significar hacerle daño a alguien o desquitarse con alguien, en cuyo caso sería sinónimo de &quot;fastídialo&quot;, &quot;jódelo&quot;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio en México se construyen muchas frases de muy variados sentidos partiendo de esta raíz verbal. En todo caso y hasta donde sé, aunque cualquier palabra derivada de &quot;chingar&quot; se considerará vulgar, no siempre se considerará ofensiva. Esto habrá de depender del contexto en el que se use la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2441" LastEditorUserId="2441" LastEditDate="2014-02-02T08:52:54.833" LastActivityDate="2014-02-02T08:52:54.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-02-02T23:14:34.240" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the complete answer is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La camisa es de color azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can not make it a word by word translation into English. This is simply how it is in Spanish: when you're talking about the color property of a thing it is always constructed as &quot;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;thing&amp;gt; is of &amp;lt;such&amp;gt; colour&lt;/code&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the answer is usually (but not always) shortened as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La camisa es azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which relates better to the English way &quot;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;thing&amp;gt; is &amp;lt;colour name&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing which the complete answer is, now we can figure out how the correct question is, which turns to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;code&gt;Which colour is &amp;lt;thing&amp;gt; of?&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T07:13:01.360" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T07:13:01.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4987" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-02T23:53:24.417" Score="2" ViewCount="1026" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy estudiando redes de computadoras y en el libro Head First Networking aparece un término que sí entiendo pero quisiera saber si existe algún equivalente en español para él, el término es &quot;discoverability&quot;, se podría traducir como 'descubribilidad' o 'encontrabilidad', pero estas no están en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poniendome a pensar me di cuenta que tal vez en el español pueda haber alguna regla que permita convertir verbos en sustantivos aunque no esten en el diccionario ni se usen cotidianamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T07:17:15.667" Title="Equivalente de &quot;discoverability&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4984" CreationDate="2014-02-02T23:57:40.713" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son dos maneras distintas de expresar el &quot;futuro en el pasado&quot;. Se corresponden con las dos formas de expresar el futuro simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos &lt;strong&gt;sabíamos&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;iba a fallar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es porque en el pasado decíamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;va a fallar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La perífrasis &quot;va a + infinitivo&quot; indica futuro, pero está conjugada en el presente. Para que indique &quot;futuro en el pasado&quot;, simplemente se conjuga el verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos &lt;strong&gt;sabíamos&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;fallaría&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es porque en el pasado decíamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;fallará&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para colocar &quot;fallará&quot; en el pasado usamos el condicional, porque es su función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;va a fallar&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;iba a fallar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;fallará&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;fallaría&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Descripción del condicional en el &lt;em&gt;Manual de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (extracto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.8.1a&lt;/strong&gt;  El condicional simple designa una situación posterior a otra pretérita, por lo que ha sido caracterizado como un “futuro del pasado” (pospretérito en el sistema de Andrés Bello). Es, pues, un tiempo relativo y presenta puntos de contacto tanto con el futuro como con el pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2014-02-02T23:57:40.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-02-03T00:11:29.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you really don't want the initial &quot;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, I guess you might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿ Qué color es el color de la camisa ?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that would mean you see the color but can't name it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T00:11:29.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4987" CreationDate="2014-02-03T00:37:19.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque Google no lo encuentra, intentaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;descubrible&lt;/em&gt;&quot; -&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;descubribilidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T07:17:15.667" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T07:17:15.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4987" CreationDate="2014-02-03T01:38:46.770" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas un término apropiado acorde a las definiciones de la RAE, lo mas cercano sería detectable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;detectable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que se puede detectar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;detectar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ingl. to detect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Descubrir la existencia de algo que no era patente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, derivando de estos términos podríamos traducir &lt;code&gt;discoverability&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;detectabilidad&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; aunque dicho término tampoco se encuentra en la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T01:38:46.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4954" CreationDate="2014-02-03T08:41:40.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el contexto de la película que mencionas, &quot;Sangre por sangre(blood in, blood out)&quot;, te puedo decir que es un término generado en la cultura chicana y mas específicamente en las pandillas mexicanas de California. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inicialmente se llamaba a alguien &lt;code&gt;Ese&lt;/code&gt; porque ésta es la pronunciación de la letra &quot;S&quot; que en éste particular uso se refería a los &lt;code&gt;Sureños&lt;/code&gt;, que son una pandilla Mexicana perteneciente a la pandilla 13(&lt;code&gt;Sur 13&lt;/code&gt;). De esta forma se hacía referencia a estos miembros de la pandilla y el término adquirió un significado similar al de &lt;code&gt;homie&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;homeboy&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;vato&lt;/code&gt;, etc, lo cual sirve para expresar camaradería entre amigos cercanos(inicialmente miembros de dicha pandilla). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente se usa de manera general por chicanos y mexicanos gangsters &quot;wannabe&quot; que viven en California. El uso de dicho término en México es casi nulo y lo utilizan con este significado sólo algunos jóvenes que se quieren expresar como &lt;code&gt;cholos&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;chicanos&lt;/code&gt;, ya sea porque han regresado a México después de haber vivido en Estados Unidos o bien porque quieren imitar el estilo de hablar de los pandilleros méxico-americanos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T18:40:16.583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T18:40:16.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4997" CreationDate="2014-02-03T12:28:28.973" Score="1" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify how to make the past form of &quot;El hombre se ha come por Godzilla&quot; (The man has been eaten by Godzilla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a practice, tried to make the past passive form of &quot;Godzilla ha comido el hombre&quot; (Godzilla has eaten the man/Godzilla ate the man) and made some sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre se hubo absorbido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre se había comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre hubo sido comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre había sido comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre fue comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate gave translations below, by which it seems to me that the sentences above can be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The man was eaten by Godzilla.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The man was eaten by Godzilla. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The man had been eaten by Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The man had been eaten by Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The man was eaten by Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However a latin friend of mine told me 1 and 3 are definitely wrong and it should be 5, but not sure of why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one(s) of the Spanish sentences above are actually correct and why 1 and 3 are wrong?&#xA;Is there any other way to describe it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Research done&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forums.tomisimo.org/showthread.php?t=15504&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forums.tomisimo.org/showthread.php?t=15504&lt;/a&gt; says 'hubo' means 'there was' and I doubt 'hubo' is only for 'there was' and cannot be past tense of he/ha/han, but not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T08:54:04.923" Title="Past passive form of &quot;Godzilla ha comido el hombre&quot;" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-02-03T12:44:23.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A translation of the previous answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bueno, pues no comento porque necesito más reputación, así que lo pongo como &quot;respuesta&quot;. Esa pregunta se puede responder de dos maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es de color azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera respuesta es sólo una manera abreviada de decir la segunda.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broadly...&#xA;&quot;Well, as I can't comment because I need more reputation, I will put it as a &quot;reply&quot;. [the same goes for me!] That question can be answered in two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa? - Es de color azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first answer is only an abbreviated way to say the second.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My way of understanding is that &quot;de&quot; is used in the question because the answer is selected from a list (the list of colours) - &quot;Of what colour is the shirt&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2399" LastEditorUserId="2399" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T12:59:48.557" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T12:59:48.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4993" CreationDate="2014-02-03T13:06:30.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literally translation for &quot;The man has been eaten by Godzilla&quot; is &quot;El hombre ha sido comido por Godzilla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really don't know why the conjugation is how it is, I mean, I can't explain it, but I can tell you that the translation of &quot;Has been&quot; is &quot;Ha sido&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I've been&quot; &gt; &quot;He sido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;You've been&quot; &gt; &quot;Has sido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;He/she/it has been&quot; &gt; &quot;Ha sido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;We've been&quot; &gt; &quot;Hemos sido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;They've been&quot; &gt; &quot;Han sido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T13:06:30.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4993" CreationDate="2014-02-04T07:27:18.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;The man has been eaten by Godzilla&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;El hombre ha sido comido por&#xA;Godzilla&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.El hombre se hubo absorbido por Godzilla.(incorrect) (the fixed sentence would be #3, &amp;quot;absorbido&amp;quot; is not a synonym of &amp;quot;comido&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.El hombre se había comido por Godzilla.(incorrect)(the fixed sentence is actually #4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.El hombre hubo sido comido por Godzilla.(correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.El hombre había sido comido por Godzilla.(correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.El hombre fue comido por Godzilla.(correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even thou &lt;code&gt;#3&lt;/code&gt; is correct, it just sounds strange and native Spanish speakers rarely use that type of conjugation. The reason why your friend suggested you to use &lt;code&gt;#5&lt;/code&gt; because from those choices is the one that sounds &amp;quot;more natural&amp;quot;, however, to me seems more natural to just use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Godzilla se comió al hombre&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Godzilla se ha comido al hombre&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have a little guide about this issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) he sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(tú) has sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(él) ha sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(él) hay sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(nosotros) hemos sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(vosotros) habéis sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(ellos) han sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) había sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(tú) habías sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(él) había sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(nosotros) habíamos sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(vosotros) habíais sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(ellos) habían sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) hube sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(tú) hubiste sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(él) hubo sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(nosotros) hubimos sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(vosotros) hubisteis sido&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(ellos) hubieron sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T03:17:01.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5000" CreationDate="2014-02-05T06:01:58.987" Score="1" ViewCount="1032" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference in using those tempos in reported speech apart from representing the future in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dijo que compraba el perro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dijo que compraría el perro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2191" LastEditorUserId="2191" LastEditDate="2014-02-05T13:47:14.190" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T02:19:09.893" Title="Preterito imperfecto and condicional in reported speech" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4998" CreationDate="2014-02-05T08:45:27.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First things first: &#xA;By &quot;pero&quot; you mean &quot;perro&quot; , am i right?. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Means he was doing that while talking. Sound to me like: Dijo que estaba comprando... (He/she said he was buying the dog). At the same moment of talking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Means that he/she would buy the dog in the future from the moment of the conversation, but... we still don't know if he really did it. It means like a &quot;promise&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, the first sentence is a little weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T08:45:27.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4998" CreationDate="2014-02-05T10:00:09.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish the first tends to be used when the speaker you are reffering is decided to do it, while the second one is conditioned and he/she won't do it due to something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe with the verb comprar in this example we cannot apply the general rule from &lt;em&gt;Presente&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Pretérito Imperfecto del indicativo&lt;/em&gt; except if we specify when because the verb itself only takes place for a short time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for a recurrent action we can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John te dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Canto/Compro muy bien (&lt;em&gt;I sing so well&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un día despues le dices a Maria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(John) Dijo que cantaba/compraba muy bien (&lt;em&gt;He said that He was good at singing/buying&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second option can match with the conditionals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John te dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compraría el coche, pero no tengo dinero or Compraría el coche si tuviera dinero (&lt;em&gt;I would buy the car but.../if I...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un día despues le dices a Maria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(John) Dijo que compraría el coche , pero no tenía dinero or (John) Dijo que compraría el coche si tuviera dinero (&lt;em&gt;He said he would buy the car but.../if he...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to make a better answer with more examples but the differences between English and Spanish about these report speech (estilos indirectos) and uses of present/past are a bit different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-02-12T13:55:51.557" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T13:55:51.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4998" CreationDate="2014-02-05T10:06:27.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is quite subtle. In the first case, you are pretty confident that the person will do as she said, while in the second case you are not so confident. The conditional always expresses a possibility and not a certainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María dijo que compraba el perro --&gt; María said that she was buying the dog and you have no reason to believe that she did not do as she said.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María dijo que compraría el perro --&gt; María said that she was buying the dog but, for whatever reason, you thing that she might not have done so.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T10:06:27.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4938" CreationDate="2014-02-05T17:43:55.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;code&gt;tuyo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suyo&lt;/code&gt; are possessive adjectives.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Translating respectively, to &lt;code&gt;yours&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;yours&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;his&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;hers&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;theirs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since they are adjectives they follow the same gender rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can also be used as nouns but only if the possessed object is already mentioned prior in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example.. in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My vehicle is better than yours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your cat is fatter than his.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your photograph is uglier than his.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi vehículo es mejor que lo suyo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu gato es mas gordo que lo suyo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu foto es mas fea que la suya.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe you can substitute the &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;s for &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;s&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T17:43:55.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2014-02-05T18:27:42.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi me parece... vivir a través alguien.  En este contexto, Pausini quiere que se le viva.&#xA;&quot;Live through me&quot; sería en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word vicarious comes to mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-19T03:18:04.680" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T03:18:04.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-05T19:01:47.900" Score="0" ViewCount="1445" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you change &quot;también&quot; to the negative?&#xA;How do you change positive words into negative words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2460" LastEditorUserId="1629" LastEditDate="2014-02-07T09:11:05.993" LastActivityDate="2014-02-07T09:11:05.993" Title="How do you change tambien to the negative?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-02-08T21:07:08.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5004" CreationDate="2014-02-05T19:04:10.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tampoco is the antonym..  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example usage would be &quot;Yo tampoco&quot;... Me neither.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as changing positive words to negative, we're gonna need more example &quot;positive&quot; words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-02-05T19:33:20.147" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T19:33:20.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5006" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5009" CreationDate="2014-02-05T19:36:51.990" Score="2" ViewCount="4361" Body="&lt;p&gt;El título ya lo dice todo. ¿&quot;Basta leerlo&quot; o &quot;Basta con leerlo&quot;? ¿O cualquiera de las dos formas es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;alcanza&quot; tengo la sensación de que cualquiera de las dos formas funciona, pero ¿quizás sin el &quot;con&quot; es más informal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1751" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T21:01:54.050" Title="&quot;Basta&quot; o &quot;Basta con&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5006" CreationDate="2014-02-05T20:34:32.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Basta leerlo&lt;/code&gt; puede funcionar pero ese 'con' se le da más enfasís.  Sin el 'con'.. suele ser entendido como 'Deja de leer' o 'No mas leas'.. mientras &lt;code&gt;Basta con leerlo&lt;/code&gt; significariía literalmente... &quot;Sólo lo que tienes que hacer es leerlo&quot;.. , &quot;Es mejor que lo leas&quot;... etcetera...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T20:34:32.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-02-05T20:55:10.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿De qué color es la camisa?&quot; literally translates into: &quot;OF what color is the shirt?&quot; That just happens to the Spanish construction. We don't need the &quot;of&quot; in English, but we do in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿De qué color es la camisa?&quot;  se traduce literalmente en: &quot;OF what color is the shirt?&quot; Ese es la construccion española. No necessitamos &quot;of&quot; en ingles, pero lo necesitamos en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T20:55:10.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5006" CreationDate="2014-02-05T20:56:17.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;basta con&quot; es levemente preferible, pero las dos formas son correctas. Hay una pequeña diferencia de matiz. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considera estas variantes; todas correctas y equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   1. Para aprobar el examen, basta estudiar.&#xA;   2. Para aprobar el examen, estudiar basta.&#xA;   3. Para aprobar el examen, estudiar es bastante.  [=es suficiente]&#xA;   4. [El solo acto de] estudiar basta para aprobar el examen.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas 3 y 4 suenan en este caso un poco forzadas, pero son equivalentes y sirven para destacar que, en todas ellas, sin el &quot;con&quot;, &quot;estudiar&quot; (usado como sustantivo, como &quot;el acto de estudiar&quot;) es el &lt;strong&gt;sujeto&lt;/strong&gt; de la oración, y el verbo &lt;strong&gt;bastar&lt;/strong&gt; es aquí &lt;strong&gt;personal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, si digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;5. Para aprobar el examen, basta con estudiar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estoy diciendo en esencia lo mismo, pero el verbo ahora tiene un matiz más &lt;strong&gt;impersonal&lt;/strong&gt;, el sujeto desaparece, y &quot;con estudiar&quot; funciona como un complemento circunstancial. Esta forma es, creo yo, preferible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=f8YD0URDlD6LRivIVz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario de dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-02-05T21:01:54.050" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T21:01:54.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4155" CreationDate="2014-02-05T23:56:54.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Promedio is a noun.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the confusion resides in that sometimes two nouns can be combined to express another meaning, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El documento base / The base document&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Documento&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;base&lt;/code&gt;, both are nouns, but together express the idea of an special document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T23:56:54.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5017" CreationDate="2014-02-06T05:29:15.870" Score="4" ViewCount="17560" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la palabra &quot;caray&quot;, es una ofensa decirle a alguien &quot;caray&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Caray! Que estas haciendo aqui?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:24:07.130" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T18:55:38.503" Title="¿Es una ofensa decir la palabra &quot;caray&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5012" CreationDate="2014-02-06T07:20:08.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Caray es una interjección de sorpresa. En España prácticamente no se utiliza, se considera anticuada y muy poco &quot;potente&quot;, coloquialmente se hace mucho más uso de &quot;joder&quot; como interjección de sorpresa, si bien esta última puede ser ofensiva o poco adecuada en según qué contextos mientras que Caray no será ofensivo prácticamente para nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T07:20:08.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5012" CreationDate="2014-02-06T12:20:53.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;caray&lt;/em&gt; es un eufemismo derivado de &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt;. En español tenemos unos cuantos, como &lt;em&gt;ondia&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;hostia&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;jobar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;jopé&lt;/em&gt; (derivados de &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt;)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos estos casos, el eufemismo se considera aceptable en casi cualquier situación, mientras que las exclamaciones originales se consideran malsonantes. Por supuesto, las malsonantes se usan mucho, pero hay ambientes o situaciones en las que resultan inapropiadas. En cambio, incluso un niño puede decir &lt;em&gt;caray&lt;/em&gt; y a nadie le va a sonar mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T12:20:53.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5012" CreationDate="2014-02-06T15:14:15.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia no es una ofensa.  Es una interjección.  Sin embargo poco se usa ya,  personalmente la usa mi padre.  Por otra parte en Colombia su uso fue muy prominente en Bogotá,  la capital de Colombia.  Fuera de Bogota no se usa o usaba.  De hecho el uso de esta palabra permite inferir que quien la usa es de Bogota o ha vivido en Bogota mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caray que sorpresa,  no esperaba esto!  Que agradable!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase como ejemplo de una situacion en que una persona recibe una invitación no esperada a almorzar,  por que ese dia cumple años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="2340" LastEditDate="2014-02-06T21:21:11.267" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T21:21:11.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5012" CreationDate="2014-02-06T15:30:17.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caray&lt;/em&gt; is already an euphemism (for &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt;, which out of it's interjection function, means &lt;em&gt;penis&lt;/em&gt;). Therefore, it doesn't sound bad. But that's precisely why sometimes it's not used and other interjections, like the already mentioned in other answers, are prefered over &lt;em&gt;caray&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T15:30:17.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5022" CreationDate="2014-02-07T02:21:41.200" Score="6" ViewCount="3316" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Debería usar &quot;que&quot; o &quot;de&quot; en los siguientes contextos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estos días estoy más cansado de/que lo normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últimamente, he trabajado más de/que lo normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que debería ser &quot;que&quot; porque es una comparación, pero no tengo respaldo gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastActivityDate="2014-02-08T18:07:55.003" Title="Más de lo normal / Más que lo normal" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4979" CreationDate="2014-02-08T17:39:51.917" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is an entire sentence, this is clearly a case of two different words that happen to be written the same. [Él/ella] vino [a verb] con vino [a noun]. Hence &lt;code&gt;&quot;She came with wine&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two more nice examples of the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: --¿Usted no nada nada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: -- Yo no traje traje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- You don't swim, do you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- I did not bring a swimsuit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nada&lt;/code&gt; (a verb): you swim&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nada&lt;/code&gt;: nothing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traje&lt;/code&gt; (a verb): I brought&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traje&lt;/code&gt; (a noun): a suit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Why does it sound like the conjugation for &quot;Yo&quot; instead of &quot;Él/Ella/Usted&quot;?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it is a past tense. The verb &quot;Venir&quot; is very irregular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Present &lt;code&gt;&quot;Yo vengo&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&quot;Él/Ella/Usted viene&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Past &lt;code&gt;&quot;Yo vine&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&quot;Él/Ella/Usted vino&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastEditorUserId="2475" LastEditDate="2014-02-08T20:49:46.517" LastActivityDate="2014-02-08T20:49:46.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5018" CreationDate="2014-02-08T17:55:05.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes toda la razón al estar comparando deberás de usar el pronombre qué, ya que implíctamente te señala a tí como el sustantivo (sujeto) que realiza una acción que es comparada con el resto de las personas, en cambio de solo es una preposición que se debe utilizar para otras ocasiones como denotar lugar, composición, tiempo, posesión, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-08T17:55:05.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5018" CreationDate="2014-02-08T18:07:55.003" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las comparaciones se usa &quot;que&quot;; sin embargo, lo usual es &quot;de lo normal&quot; y no &quot;que lo normal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se compara con &quot;lo normal&quot;, se usa &quot;de&quot; como caso excepcional. Toda comparación con lo normal, como &quot;más cansado de lo normal&quot; convierte el significado en &quot;especialmente cansado&quot;, lo que no ocurre en otras comparaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastActivityDate="2014-02-08T18:07:55.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4979" CreationDate="2014-02-08T18:10:03.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends of the context as most of the languages issues, a quote comes to my mind:&#xA;&quot;Al pan, pan; al vino, vino.&quot; (Bread to the bread, wine to the wine) and it means something like keep the things in its place. If you say &quot;vino con vino&quot;. I think it can be in some strange context like &quot;Ella mezcló leche con agua y vino con vino.&quot; (She mixed milk with water and wine with wine) assuming there where two kinds of wine, maybe, i know it sounds crazy, but it really depends of the context. In spanish we often don't use the pronouns, so again, it will depends of the context becaus &quot;vino&quot; (came) is used with both she and he. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;vino&quot; is the third person past of &quot;venir&quot; and for it yo should use: &#xA;yo vine, tú viniste, usted vino, él/ella vino &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you want to use it in a sexual way, as in English (She/He came) you can use it, but you will have to add the pronoun &quot;se&quot; like this &quot;Él/Ella se vino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-18T11:51:21.793" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T11:51:21.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-09T01:01:15.100" Score="3" ViewCount="542" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify when, in what kind of context 'hubo' is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Background&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stemmed from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4993&quot;&gt;Past passive form of &amp;quot;Godzilla ha comido el hombre&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Looks related to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3459&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se usa el antepret&amp;#233;rito?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Issue&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current understanding, 'haber + past participle' = perfect, indicating something has/had happened/completed and the state remains now/then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, mechanically applying 'haber -&gt; hubo' to the sentence (1) to create a past form as (2) looks not exactly correct as Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre ha sido comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hombre hubo sido comido por Godzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand to sound like &quot;Spanish&quot;, it should be below but this is for the sake of learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(El) Godzilla se ha comido al hombre. (El is required?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why this 'hubo + past particle' can be strange/unusual (or incorrect?) in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it because 'hubo' would be regarded as the past form of 'hay' indicating 'there was'? &lt;br&gt;&#xA;What makes the native Spanish speakers think 'strange'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And where/when 'hubo' should be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T16:22:50.250" Title="Usage of 'hubo'" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2014-02-09T01:25:12.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Uruguay &quot;setiembre&quot; is more used than &quot;septimbre&quot;. Even calendars and street names are written &quot;setiembre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2478" LastActivityDate="2014-02-09T01:25:12.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5024" CreationDate="2014-02-09T04:20:27.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Second one is wrong in Spanish. &quot;El&quot; is no required because Godzilla is a proper name (means there is only one Godzilla), but it should be used if you want to say &quot;The building is blue&quot;, as it's a common name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hubo&quot; (as passive voice) is rarely used in everyday Spanish, (is mostly used in literature) as you can use &quot;había&quot; or the simple past of the verb. &quot;El hombre &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; comido por Godzilla&quot; as you can see, I can just use the past of &quot;to be&quot;. &#xA; &quot;Hubo&quot; is used to represent something in the past, but with not effect on the present, that happened right before other action, like: &#xA; &quot;una vez que hubo terminado, me llamó&quot; (once he/she finished, called me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2479" LastEditorUserId="2479" LastEditDate="2014-02-11T16:22:50.250" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T16:22:50.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5040" CreationDate="2014-02-09T05:56:52.953" Score="6" ViewCount="798" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te voy a presentar a mi novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can one tell whether this should be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I am going to introduce you to my girlfriend'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I am going to introduce my girlfriend to you'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This example is taken from Duolingo, where they side with the first translation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2480" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-10T17:29:16.863" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T20:58:35.867" Title="How to handle the ambiguity of the verb &quot;presentar&quot;, when both objects (DO and IO) are present?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-09T07:17:49.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te&lt;/code&gt; is the Direct/Indirect Object Pronouns&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te =&amp;gt; you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right, the problem here is at least I use that phrase &lt;code&gt;Te voy a presentar a mi novia.&lt;/code&gt; indistinctly for both cases. It depend of the context. I note English is more precise than Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more precise to get &lt;code&gt;I am going to introduce you to my girlfriend&lt;/code&gt;  could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a presentarte ante mi novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this sound to me old fashioned&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to introduce you to my girlfriend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a presentarte a ti a mi novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to introduce my girlfriend to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a presentarte mi novia a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is overkilled, and at least for me is not very common&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T00:28:24.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4938" CreationDate="2014-02-09T18:03:57.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;tuyo&quot; and &quot;suyo&quot; are both possesive adjectives.&#xA;You use &quot;tuyo&quot; when you are speaking in 2nd person or directly to a person in front of you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For insance :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este coche es tuyo --------&gt;  This car is yours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &quot;suyo&quot; when you are speaking in third person or referring to a third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For insance :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este coche es suyo --------&gt;  This is her car / The car is hers &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2014-02-09T18:03:57.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2014-02-09T23:38:29.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; is accepted, but &lt;code&gt;Septiembre&lt;/code&gt; is far more popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1285" LastActivityDate="2014-02-09T23:38:29.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5024" CreationDate="2014-02-10T06:52:32.640" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 - &quot;El hombre hubo de ser comido por Godzilla&quot;. It is correct, but it suggest there exists some kind of doubt about what is being said. It's not the most usual way of saying something like that, &quot;El hombre debió haber sido comido por Godzilla&quot; works and it's used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 and 3- &quot;Hubo&quot; it's heavily used in my country Uruguay, and in Argentina, as indicating 'there was' and 'there were'. There is a common mistake here, than consists in using the non existent word &quot;hubieron&quot; in plural cases. So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hubo un accidente en la tarde de hoy.&quot;, and&#xA;&quot;Hubo varios accidentes en la tarde de hoy.&quot;. Same word for singular and plural cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2485" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T06:52:32.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-10T12:26:07.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no way to distinguish them in this case. Usually, whenever anyone uses that sentence, it may refer to: &lt;code&gt;I am going to introduce my girlfriend to you&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a way, both have a very similar meaning, so normally, when someone says it, they mean it as the second translation and everybody understands it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to use that sentence as the first translation, but in general nobody would do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:26:07.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-02-10T12:33:58.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encantado de volver a verte/verle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T13:13:28.050" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T13:13:28.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-02-10T12:38:35.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a fine line between = Hay una fina linea entre...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is not clear-cut = La diferencia no es clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not black &amp;amp; white = No es o blanco o negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:38:35.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-10T14:40:20.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Altough both sentences mean the same, as in English, in Spanish we have many ways to say the things we want to say. Both sentences have accurate translations and both are right to say the exactly same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;'I am going to introduce you to my girlfriend'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  is for &lt;code&gt;&quot;(Yo) Voy a presentarte a mi enamorada&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;'I am going to introduce my girlfriend to you'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is for &lt;code&gt;(Yo) te voy a presentar a mi enamorada.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in the first one you are saying that your girlfriend is the one that is going to know your friend, and in the second one you're saying that your friend is the one that is going to meet the girlfriend. As I said at the begining both mean the same but is just the form that you're saying it. Probably your girlfriend woul like to say that you're introducing the friend to her and not the other way, ha ha ha (at least mine would want that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I would like to say is that the word &lt;code&gt;novia&lt;/code&gt; actually means fiancèe or bride, not girlfriend, but it depends on the region, I know that in Argentina they usually says &lt;code&gt;novias&lt;/code&gt; when they're talking about girlfriends. But, for example, here in Perú we call for &lt;code&gt;enamorada&lt;/code&gt;, though it is not that accurate because it is not ascertainable that the girl you hang out with really loves you as the word suggest, but I think there's no translation for the word &lt;code&gt;girlfriend&lt;/code&gt;, I think the ancient Spanish, who invented the words where more &quot;love-believers&quot; than English ones, just saying...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-10T16:01:55.083" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T16:01:55.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-02-10T14:50:36.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay una delgada línea entre X y Y. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De X a Y solo hay un paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2014-08-21T09:03:03.550" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T09:03:03.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-02-10T14:51:52.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colombia,  actually there is a trend or a zeitgeist to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Me encantó verte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T12:42:59.277" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T12:42:59.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4982" CreationDate="2014-02-10T14:55:33.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chíngalo es una jerga mexicana y además es una mala palabra (grosería, lisura), sin embargo, es usada en ambientes bastante coloquiales de forma muy normal, así que es posible de utilizarla en esos ambientes. Debído a que el español se habla en muchas más regiones, es muy probable que si dices esa frase fuera de México no te entiendan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T14:55:33.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2014-02-10T15:08:17.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, it is also used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da gusto verte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T15:08:17.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-10T16:06:30.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a matter of identifying direct or indirect objects. It's a matter of the right choice of the preposition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te voy a presentar a mi novia&quot;  &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I am going to introduce my girlfriend to you&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to invert the person that is being introduced, you use either &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ante&lt;/em&gt; (as Emilo Gort stated in his answer, the latter could sound old-fashioned. I agree, but to me it just sounds formal). Thus,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te voy a presentar { &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ante&lt;/em&gt; } mi novia&quot;  &lt;em&gt;means&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I am going to introduce you to my girlfriend&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-10T17:17:22.757" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T17:17:22.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5042" CreationDate="2014-02-10T20:03:43.463" Score="0" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I can say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su madre busca a su hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to mean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your mother is looking for your sister.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;su&quot; can also be used to mean &quot;their&quot;, then what if I want to say &quot;Your mother is looking for &lt;em&gt;their&lt;/em&gt; sister&quot;? Because if &quot;su&quot; can be used for his/her/their/your (formal), then it leaves much ambiguity in this example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2491" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T05:13:09.037" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T05:13:09.037" Title="Clarficiation needed on &quot;su&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2014-02-10T20:26:20.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed Spanish has that ambiguity (it would be hard to find a language without ambiguities). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/su#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, it is as you say. If you want to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Your mother is looking for their sister&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you say it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu/su/vuestra madre busca a su hermana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You deduce from the context which &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; is meant in the sentence. If a risky misunderstood could arise use the (I'd say not so elegant) variant&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu/su/vuestra madre busca a la madre de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-10T22:31:07.137" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T22:31:07.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2014-02-10T21:03:55.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are saying &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;your mother&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; it will be very rare that you would use &quot;su madre&quot; because &quot;su&quot; is for the 2nd person &quot;Usted&quot;, and that puts the sentence in a very rare context, talking to someone with a lot of respect and talking about his/her mother, not saying it's impossible but it will be very rare. If you fall in ambiguity you can add what's necessary to remove that, but I think the context could help, maybe while you're talking to the person who's mother is looking for the sister of the other people, you could point or make some gesture that can help you, remember that the bodt language is also very useful, anyway it could be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your mother is looking for your sister.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tu madre busca a tu hermana.&#xA;Su madre busca a su hermana.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your mother is looking for their sister.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tu madre busca a su hermana.&#xA;Su madre busca a su hermana.&#xA;Vuestra madre busca a su hermana.(old-fashioned)&#xA;Tu madre busca a la hermana de ellos/ellas.&#xA;Su madre busca a la hermana de ellos/ellas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T21:03:55.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5044" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-11T03:27:14.767" Score="1" ViewCount="9133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un debate con mi novia.  Yo dije &quot;Los otros días, yo fui a una corrida de toros en La Arena Mexico.&quot;.  No sabiendo qué dia fue.  Ella dice que lo correcto es decir &quot;El otro día, yo fui a una corrida de toros en La Arena Mexico.&quot;  ¿Son ambos correctos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué contexto es correcto decir &quot;los otros días&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2492" LastEditorUserId="2379" LastEditDate="2014-02-11T11:44:46.353" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T14:51:00.220" Title="&quot;Los otros días&quot; o &quot;El otro día&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5053" CreationDate="2014-02-11T03:41:32.633" Score="0" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Benito Lynch's story &quot;El Potrillo Roano&quot; is, in English, &quot;The Sorrel Colt&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? Shouldn't it be &quot;The Roan Colt&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Roan and Sorrel are not the same, so...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;Roan&quot; a &quot;false friend&quot; between Spanish and English, or what's going on here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T21:16:19.743" Title="Why is &quot;Roano&quot; translated &quot;Sorrel&quot; in Lynch's story?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5046" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-11T05:44:43.297" Score="3" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &quot;these things have been studied&quot; would I use passive voice, as in &quot;se han estudiado?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2493" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T15:39:35.293" Title="Passive voice - have been studied?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-11T05:48:01.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK, in Spanish if you say that sentence, there is not way people can be completely sure about the action. In both case, both of them will be meeting each other, so really is not that important, but... if you want to make things more clear, then Spanish is a very open language. I would prefer to use something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...to introduce my girlfriend to you)&#xA;- Quiero que conozcas a mi novia &#xA;- Vamos para que conozcas a mi novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...to introduce you to my girlfriend)&#xA;- Quiero que mi novia te conozca&#xA;- Vamos para que mi novia te conozca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2479" LastEditorUserId="2348" LastEditDate="2014-02-12T20:58:35.867" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T20:58:35.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5046" CreationDate="2014-02-11T05:50:08.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas cosas han sido estudiadas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it's a plural form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2479" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T00:49:43.140" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T00:49:43.140" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5046" CreationDate="2014-02-11T07:05:10.270" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Han sido estudiadas&quot; is the true passive voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se han estudiado&quot; is reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T07:05:10.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5044" CreationDate="2014-02-11T07:09:58.727" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dices &quot;El otro día&quot; si te refieres a algo que ocurrió (una o varias veces) un único día pasado, y &quot;Los otros días&quot; si te refieres a algo que ocurrió en varios días pasados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuiste a una corrida, fue &quot;el otro día&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuiste a varias corridas en días distintos, fue &quot;los otros días&quot;. No hay discordancia de número porque fuiste a ver una corrida cada día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor ten en cuenta que &quot;el otro día&quot; es una frase común en España, mientras que &quot;los otros días&quot; es una frase rara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-02-11T14:51:00.220" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T14:51:00.220" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5044" CreationDate="2014-02-11T07:49:22.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, lo correcto es decir &lt;code&gt;el otro día&lt;/code&gt; siempre. No usamos nada parecido a &lt;code&gt;los otros días&lt;/code&gt;, a no ser que digas algo como: &lt;code&gt;Los primeros días fuimos a pasear, los otros días fuimos a correr&lt;/code&gt;. Pero tiene un significado más como de &lt;code&gt;el resto de los días&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T07:49:22.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5024" CreationDate="2014-02-11T09:12:50.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) When you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El hombre ha sido comido por Godzilla&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are following this structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(object) (verb &quot;ser&quot;) (participle of verb) (rest of complements)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;hubo sido comido&quot; is not right because you're using another structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(object) (past of &quot;haber&quot;) (participle of &quot;ser&quot;) (participle of verb) (rest of complements)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is not what you want: you want to use a passive voice, and for that you use the right tense of &quot;ser&quot;. In this case, perfect past, it's &quot;ha sido comido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As comparison, here in Galicia (northwestern Spain), by influence of Galician, we tend to use less composite forms like &quot;ha sido comido&quot;. You would probably hear this version instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El hombre fue comido por Godzilla&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is not quite exactly the same nuance, but is perfectly normal in common speech. Again, see that the structure &quot;ser&quot; + participle is maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) We don't use articles with names unless:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We're speaking of that name in a derogatory form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We're speaking of common names&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a quick example of the first point, look at these two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El otro día hablé con Pepe&#xA;El otro día hablé con el Pepe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you said this, just by adding &quot;el&quot;, the person you're talking to would understand that something's wrong with your appreciation of Pepe. That, or you and Pepe come from a little tiny village and he was known village-wide as &quot;el Pepe&quot;, which would then be more a nickname than a real name :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to the second point, if there were a whole species of monsters called &quot;godzilla&quot; (lower caps), then yes, we'd use &quot;the godzilla&quot; as we use any other animal: &quot;the rat&quot;, &quot;the dog&quot;, etc. As this isn't the case (thankfully), we drop the article and just say &quot;Godzilla&quot;, as we would with &quot;King Kong&quot; or the aforementioned &quot;Pepe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T09:12:50.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5045" CreationDate="2014-02-11T21:16:19.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same question was asked &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1959847&amp;amp;langid=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Surfing to other websites looks like horses have slight differences arround the world when it comes to describe an ethnic group, due to the dilutions and combinations of colours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All dictionaries translates &lt;em&gt;Alazan&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;Sorrel&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Roana/Ruano&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;Roan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.produccion-animal.com.ar/produccion_equinos/curso_equinos_I/18-Guia_PELAJES_2009.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Curso de Producción Equina I (3087) - Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ROSILLO (Roan). El rosillo es una mezcla de pelos blancos con pelos de un color sólido (generalmente mas de uno) y puede incluir el negro[...]Variedades: &lt;strong&gt;ROSILLO ALAZAN&lt;/strong&gt;: Alazán + Blanco. &lt;strong&gt;ROSILLO ZAINO&lt;/strong&gt;: Zaino + Blanco + Negro. En este pelaje suelen predominar en ciertas partes del cuerpo pelos blancos y negros, se les denomina &lt;strong&gt;rosillo moro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE &lt;strong&gt;alazán&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de un color: Más o menos rojo, o muy parecido al de la canela. Hay variedades de este color, como alazán pálido o lavado, claro, dorado o anaranjado, vinoso, tostado, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see the RAE definition contains many colors, inlcuding alazan palido which is included in the &lt;em&gt;Rosillo Alazan&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Rosillo Zaino/rosillo moro&lt;/em&gt;, the moro colour can look as brown. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look on many wikipedia entries you will see the the colour of tail+colour of body have different names around the world, I guess is difficult to establish an standard. Every country haves different breeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caballo_alazan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caballo_alazan&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you click on the English version (menu on the left side) it will redirect you to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_(coat)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_(coat)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A chestnut horse This copper-red shade is sometimes also called &quot;Sorrel&quot;.&#xA;  [...]Chestnut family colors[...]Red or &quot;strawberry&quot; roans have a chestnut base coat with the classic roan gene (one or two copies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roan_(horse)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roan_(horse)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Red roan, sometimes called &quot;Strawberry roan&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T21:16:19.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5055" CreationDate="2014-02-11T23:43:38.597" Score="0" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence says &quot;You play as him&quot; but all of the choices have the last word as &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt;. I believe &quot;Tú juegas como él&quot; to be the right choice, is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gl462.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-02-12T00:00:44.813" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T21:50:48.873" Title="Is it &quot;Tú juegas como el&quot; or &quot;Tú juegas como él&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-02-13T21:31:52.620" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5054" CreationDate="2014-02-11T23:49:11.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course the second one is the right way, &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; without the accent is an article and &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; with the accent is a pronoun, which in this case is the one that you should use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el =&amp;gt; article (the)&#xA;él =&amp;gt; 3rd person pronoun (he/him)&#xA;&#xA;tu =&amp;gt; posesive (yours) &#xA;tú =&amp;gt; 2nd person pronoun (you)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to construct the sentence you're asking for, you will need both words to be pronouns to make real sense, so that would be : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú juegas como él&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;code&gt;You play as him.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember &lt;code&gt;juegas&lt;/code&gt; is the right conjugation of the verb &lt;code&gt;jugar&lt;/code&gt; for the 2nd person present indicative, &lt;code&gt;juega&lt;/code&gt; is for the 3rd person and &lt;code&gt;juego&lt;/code&gt; is for the 1st. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T21:50:48.873" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T21:50:48.873" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5054" CreationDate="2014-02-12T00:48:06.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ooopsie, the app is wrong.&#xA;Tú juegas como él is the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T00:48:06.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2014-02-12T15:26:22.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no real ambiguity. You introduce people to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T15:26:22.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5058" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5059" CreationDate="2014-02-12T17:00:56.247" Score="0" ViewCount="393" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am considering creating an edition of Don Quixte that would alternate the original (Spanish) with English, paragraph-by-paragraph (a paragraph of Spanish, followed by its English translation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love Don Quixote, but I'm wondering if there are at least a few Spanish constructions used therein that are too archaic to be of much benefit to Spanish speakers learning English or, even more &quot;dangerous,&quot; English speakers learning Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any particular constructions used in the book that you would advise people not to learn today?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2014-04-27T00:09:07.140" LastActivityDate="2014-04-27T00:09:07.140" Title="Is the Spanish in Don Quixote too archaic to be useful for those learning Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-02-13T19:55:40.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5058" CreationDate="2014-02-12T17:24:45.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although most of the words are still used right now, some adjectives and expressions may be too old, the same would happen if someone would do the reverse, for English learning, by translating Shakespeare's books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T17:24:45.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5061" CreationDate="2014-02-12T19:20:59.367" Score="0" ViewCount="685" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que significa en español la expresion &quot;(le) duele el pecho&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &quot;Al devoto le duele el pecho cuando su corazon sale a acariciar el infinito&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se traduce al ingles esta expresion, sin que suene muy torpe o equivocada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2504" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:02:28.227" Title="Significado y traduccion de &quot;Dolor de pecho&quot;, o &quot;duele el pecho&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5060" CreationDate="2014-02-12T19:41:05.880" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que esa frase no tiene ningún significado entre líneas, aunque obviamente la oración completa es un &quot;sinsentido&quot; en la vida real porque un corazón no puede salirse del pecho, etc., la frase &lt;code&gt;le duele el pecho&lt;/code&gt; no me parece que necesite algún tipo de aclaración o traducción especial, si no, simplemente &quot;His chest hurts&quot; porque creo que en inglés y en español esa frase refleja melancolía. La oración completa si tiene una ligera variación, pero no creo que el significado del contexto se pierda  : &#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;The devotee's chest hurts when his heart goes out to caress the infinity.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T19:41:05.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-13T00:21:21.010" Score="2" ViewCount="23305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a basic understanding of subjunctive in Spanish, but I must admit it is one of my weaker points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, when using the words &amp;quot;quieres&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;quieras&amp;quot;, I often get corrected for using the wrong word--regardless of which one I use.  I think the most common phrases I get wrong with these two words are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres/as.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como quieres/as.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think subjunctive ever makes sense with &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;, so I believe in the former case, &lt;em&gt;Si quieres&lt;/em&gt; should always be right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the latter case, is the subjunctive form, &lt;em&gt;Como quieras&lt;/em&gt;, always correct, or does it depend on context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T16:39:47.130" Title="&quot;Quieres&quot; vs &quot;Quieras&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2014-02-13T00:57:46.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=687658&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; puedes ver una buena discusión sobre ese tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Si quieras ...?&lt;/code&gt; en mi opinión por sí sola no es correcta, en su lugar usaría &lt;code&gt;¿Si quisieras ...?&lt;/code&gt; para que tenga el mismo significado de &lt;code&gt;¿Si quieres ...?&lt;/code&gt; que se usa para preguntar por el deseo o ganas de alguien acerca de alguna acción. O &lt;code&gt;¿No sé si quieras ...?&lt;/code&gt; que tendría el mismo significado pero imprimiéndole un matiz de duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra frase que he escuchado es &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.bab.la/dictionary/spanish-english/ni-siquiera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ni siquiera  y siquiera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a &lt;code&gt;Como quieres/as&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo quieres ...? y Como quieras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen significados totalmente distintos, la primera es una pregunta directa, y la segunda es una afirmación de que la acción o lo que sea, se hará como tú deseas, &lt;code&gt;as you like&lt;/code&gt; sería la forma de decir esta última en Inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T04:56:30.987" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T04:56:30.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5065" CreationDate="2014-02-13T09:39:23.177" Score="5" ViewCount="1754" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=nswBSk5HRDXX2253EtHi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE.es&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;británico, ca&lt;/strong&gt;. (Del lat. Britannĭcus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la antigua Britania, sur de la Gran Bretaña.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;Natural del Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a este país de Europa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tal caso, ¿hay algún gentilicio para denominar a lo perteneciente o relativo &lt;em&gt;estrictamente&lt;/em&gt; a Gran Bretaña &lt;em&gt;y no&lt;/em&gt; a Irlanda del Norte?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:49:20.143" Title="Si británico se refiere a lo natural del Reino Unido, ¿cuál es el gentilicio para lo estrictamente de Gran Bretaña?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5064" CreationDate="2014-02-13T10:26:59.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si eres británico pero no eres de Irlanda del Norte, entonces eres inglés, galés o escocés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A causa del carácter de exclusión del gentilicio que buscas, y también de que el nombre de la isla coincide con una de las denominaciones usuales para todo el reino, no hay una sola palabra. Aparte de las tres posibilidades mencionadas más arriba, no encuentro otras que &quot;británico no irlandés&quot; o &quot;británico de la isla de Gran Bretaña&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastEditorUserId="2475" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T12:21:34.050" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T12:21:34.050" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5064" CreationDate="2014-02-13T13:48:51.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inglés: gentilicio propio de Inglaterra que, extensivamente, se usa&#xA;  también como gentilicio de Gran Bretaña (Inglaterra, Gales y Escocia)&#xA;  y del Reino Unido (Inglaterra, Gales, Escocia e Irlanda del Norte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T13:48:51.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5064" CreationDate="2014-02-13T14:47:45.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia no se hace distinción en el gentilicio a menos que se especifique,  &lt;strong&gt;británico&lt;/strong&gt; se usa para denominar a cualquier entidad, objeto, costumbre, persona, etc. del conjunto que conforma el Reino Unido.  Británico es todo hasta que se especifica su origen,  por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mr. Callum MacDonald es británico porque viene del Reino Unido.  ¡Ah!,&#xA;  pero es de Glasgow,  luego ¡es escocés!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T14:49:20.143" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:49:20.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2014-02-13T15:13:21.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si quieres...&lt;/code&gt; is the right way to say it. Always. Meaning &lt;code&gt;If you want...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si quieras...&lt;/code&gt; simply does not make sense (at least in Spain). It is true that it can be understood (as @EmilioGort mentions) like you think that the person who you are talking to probably does not want what you are asking. But this is some kind of interpretation. It could be something like &lt;code&gt;Maybe, if you want...&lt;/code&gt;, but again, it shouldn't be a valid sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Siquiera...&lt;/code&gt; is a different word that means 'even', but honestly, is barely used, not like &lt;code&gt;Ni siquiera...&lt;/code&gt;, which means 'not even', and is used a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo quieres...&lt;/code&gt; most of the times will be used in a question, where &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; would mean &lt;code&gt;how&lt;/code&gt; (and by the way it should be &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; with the acute diacritic mark in the first &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt;). An example: &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo quieres que salga de aquí?&lt;/code&gt;, meaning &lt;code&gt;How do you expect me to get out of here?&lt;/code&gt;(Note that the second verb is indeed in its subjunctive form).&#xA;There is a way to use this in a different case than the question. For example: &lt;code&gt;Como quieres salir, deberías ponerte un abrigo&lt;/code&gt;, which means &lt;code&gt;Since you want to go out, you should wear a coat&lt;/code&gt;. (Weird, but totally valid)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Como quieras...&lt;/code&gt; may be translated as &lt;code&gt;as you want&lt;/code&gt;. So in this case, &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; would mean &lt;code&gt;as&lt;/code&gt; not &lt;code&gt;how&lt;/code&gt;. (Of course) you could use it in a different way, like &lt;code&gt;Voy a comprarte este juguete, como quieras luego el otro, me enfadaré contigo&lt;/code&gt;, meaning, &lt;code&gt;I am going to buy this toy for you, if you want the other later, I will be mad at you&lt;/code&gt;. It is something more like a &quot;threat&quot; (But ok, maybe this is a bit complicated situation :P )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I say that something is not used or used in a way, in general, I mean in Spain. There are some things that are pretty generic, but some of them are from a specific region. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorUserId="2488" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T21:50:20.440" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T21:50:20.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5054" CreationDate="2014-02-13T15:24:13.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both, the first and the third answers, are correct (except for the &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; mistaken for &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; issue that you mention).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one &lt;code&gt;Tú juegas como él&lt;/code&gt; is correct. It means &lt;code&gt;You play like he plays&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;You play the same way he plays&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third answer &lt;code&gt;Tú juega como él&lt;/code&gt; is also correct because it is a mandatory sentence (imperative mood), meaning &lt;code&gt;You have to play like he does&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T15:24:13.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2014-02-13T15:55:28.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo quieres? =  How do you want it?&#xA;Como quieras = As you want&#xA;si quieres = If you want&#xA;si quieras = (doesn't exist)&#xA;siquiera = at least&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Don't forget that &lt;code&gt;cómo quieres&lt;/code&gt; always has accent, because it denotes a question, not necessary between question marks, but in a sentence too, without accent is just to express (affirmative) a particulary way , &lt;em&gt;&quot;do that as I told you&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;code&gt;hazlo como te dije&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quieras:&#xA;    2nd person singular - present subjunctive&#xA;&#xA;Quieres:&#xA;    2nd person singular - present indicative&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T19:46:26.507" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T19:46:26.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5064" CreationDate="2014-02-14T09:00:29.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reino Unido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nombre abreviado del Estado europeo formado por Escocia, Gales,&#xA;  Inglaterra e Irlanda del Norte, cuyo nombre oficial completo es Reino&#xA;  Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte: «Este boxeador había&#xA;  desafiado a los campeones de Francia, de Alemania y del Reino Unido»&#xA;  (Mendoza Ciudad [Esp. 1986]). Su gentilicio es británico, &lt;strong&gt;que&#xA;  también lo es del territorio específico de Gran Bretaña&lt;/strong&gt;: «Los&#xA;  laboristas del primer ministro británico, Tony Blair, subieron once&#xA;  puntos en relación con otra encuesta publicada hace una semana»&#xA;  (Nacional [Ven.] 2.10.00).»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Real Academia Española: Diccionario panhispánico de Dudas. Madrid: Santillana, 2005, págs. 318-319, 364, 567]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T14:49:09.850" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:49:09.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5094" CreationDate="2014-02-14T16:36:16.720" Score="6" ViewCount="9419" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de pluralizar los números escritos con dígitos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pagan los (días) 15 y 30 (de cada mes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber cómo pluralizar los números, para poder omitir las palabras en paréntesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:34:25.490" LastActivityDate="2020-11-17T14:10:30.813" Title="¿Cómo se forma el plural de números escritos con dígitos?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2014-02-14T16:42:55.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi criterio, son dos palabras que se refieren a estudios pero no se correlacionan, así &lt;code&gt;capacitación&lt;/code&gt; se refiere en un tema en específico y de corta duración, pero &lt;code&gt;formación&lt;/code&gt; sería de una carrera de pregrado o postgrado que conlleva uno o varios años la formación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2509" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-29T16:27:01.297" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T16:27:01.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5073" CreationDate="2014-02-14T17:11:55.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir eso sin necesidad de las palabras en los paréntesis y se entendería igual. Los números de por sí ya están pluralizados, el único número singular es el 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;cada&quot; no puede salir de ese contexto, no tendría sentido la construcción: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me pagan los 15 y 30 de cada mes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podrías reemplazarla por otras palabras quizás:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me pagan los 15 y 30 todos los meses.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-14T18:36:50.137" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T18:36:50.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4510" CreationDate="2014-02-14T17:12:54.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;c + vowel&lt;/code&gt; you can memorize the standard rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.   ca, co, cu = ka, ko, ku&#xA;&#xA;2.   ce, ci = ze, zi&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where z is pronounced like 'th' in 'think'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, depending on the zone you are, 'seseo' changes all cases of rule 2. into &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2.   ce, ci = se, si&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T17:12:54.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5073" CreationDate="2014-02-14T19:55:35.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pagan el 15 y el 30 de cada mes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los 15 y 30&quot; suena raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo mejor, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pagan el 15 y el 30 del mes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es incorrecto, pero personalmente no me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:25:15.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:25:15.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5073" CreationDate="2014-02-14T20:47:37.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usaría &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cobro por quincena&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto se sobrentiende que suele ser el 15 y 30 de cada mes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=quincena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quincena&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Paga que se recibe cada quince días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más información si es febrero o un mes de 31 días véase este articulo  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gerencie.com/si-el-mes-es-de-31-dias-como-se-paga-la-segunda-quincena.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.gerencie.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-02-14T20:53:01.977" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T20:53:01.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-14T20:56:04.897" Score="3" ViewCount="1028" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a silly example: To translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hear a cat and a horse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is what I was told was correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oigo a un gato y a un caballo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if &quot;a cat&quot; or &quot; a dog&quot; translates to &quot;un gato&quot; or &quot;un perro&quot;, then why is &quot;a un&quot; needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2491" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T16:15:06.577" Title="When to use &quot;a un&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5079" CreationDate="2014-02-14T21:47:55.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oigo un gato y un caballo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even if  I think is incorrect it's very common listen &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oigo a un gato y a un caballo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La preposición &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; se utiliza para expresar/The preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is used to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiempo/Time: Llámalo a las diez. (Call him at ten)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Causa/Reason: A petición del público; una nueva canción. (On request of the public; a new song)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precio/Price: Venderá el carro a diez mil bolívares. (He/She's selling the car at ten thousand bolivares)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Medio/Way: Ambos se fueron a pie. (They both went walking. afoot(?))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Distancia/Distance: De aquí a mi casa hay dos kilómetros. (From here to my house there are two kilometers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dirección: Ella irá a casa de Manuel. (She's going to the house of Manuel)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalidad/Finality: Vine a traer comida. (I came to bring food)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modo/Mode: Dejarás las cosas a medias. (You're going to leave the things half-done)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lugar/Place: Se movió a la derecha. (He/She moves to the right)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://exodoliterario.wordpress.com/2013/06/03/uso-correcto-de-la-preposicion-a/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/opinion/7373&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2476" LastEditDate="2014-02-14T22:46:38.617" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T22:46:38.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5083" CreationDate="2014-02-15T06:09:49.000" Score="6" ViewCount="4031" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Quiero ir a la casa de Juana a visitarla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: ¡Chale! Vamos para allá mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es una ofensa decir &quot;Chale&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T03:17:33.380" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T20:13:52.537" Title="¿Es una ofensa decir &quot;Chale&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5082" CreationDate="2014-02-15T08:02:24.730" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your example that interjection doesn't fit quite well. Let me explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concerning Mexico –the only country I've heard this word in, but the range of the usage is often spread by media– it isn't offensive at all. But the word itself doesn't sound very educated: never use it if you are trying to be formal. You could say it or hear it very often in the following situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You and your friends are leaving a pub. After paying the bill and giving, say 10% tip, comes the waiter and tells you he wants 15%. You say to your friends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Chale!, el pinche mesero quiere más propina. (The longer the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;chale&lt;/em&gt;, the more clearly you show your dissatisfaction or how surprised you are.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chale&lt;/em&gt; denotes certain unhappiness, or a will to complain in an unexpected situation, and it does so in a very informal way. Disappointment, in general. But it's far from being offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to your example: in order for &lt;em&gt;chale&lt;/em&gt; to fit there, &lt;em&gt;la casa de Juana&lt;/em&gt; should possess an additional meaning, like &amp;quot;casa de Juana&amp;quot; being the name of, say, a &lt;em&gt;pub&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;A's ex-girlfriend's place&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context 1.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A: Quiero ir a la &amp;quot;casa de Juana&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: ¡Chale! ¿Ya te quieres emborrachar otra vez? (Vamos para allá mañana.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context 2.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A: Quiero ir a la casa de Juana, a visitarla.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: ¡Chale! Pero ya sabes cómo te trata. (Ni modo, vamos para allá mañana.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T07:37:10.137" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5086" CreationDate="2014-02-15T23:01:33.083" Score="0" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;tiene dificultades con traducción, pero no soy una inglaterra y por eso la frase en inglés puede ser mal también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was pushed into getting past simple pleasures of life in order to catch up with the standards of maturity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que tiene es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me puso a pasar por delante les placeres sencillos de mi vida para ponerme al corriente de madurez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por ayudarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2511" LastActivityDate="2014-02-15T23:48:53.493" Title="Translation: I was pushed into getting past simple pleasures of life in order to catch up with the standards of maturity" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-06-06T17:42:18.777" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5085" CreationDate="2014-02-15T23:48:53.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish and English are both my first languages. After some thought, this is the most accurate translation I could think of:&#xA;Me vi obligado a dejar atrás los simples placeres de la vida con la finalidad de alcanzar las normas de la madurez.&#xA;Hope that works for you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2512" LastActivityDate="2014-02-15T23:48:53.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-16T04:10:52.660" Score="2" ViewCount="523" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenemos fecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means &quot;We do not have a date.&quot; The context of this may be when making an appointment with the dentist and you are saying you do not have an appointment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why is &quot;una&quot; avoided, as doesn't one say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenemos &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; fecha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2491" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T20:40:04.520" Title="When to use &quot;una&quot; and when to omit it" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-16T05:18:44.613" Score="2" ViewCount="1320" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I say &lt;code&gt;away from&lt;/code&gt; as in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There was a movement away from this trend &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &quot;de&quot; but it sounds like a movement of the trend rather than away from it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2493" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-03T20:10:52.150" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T21:44:55.590" Title="How to say &quot;away from&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5088" CreationDate="2014-02-16T11:12:57.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the sentence. In general, I would say that &lt;code&gt;away from&lt;/code&gt; could be translated as something like &lt;code&gt;alejarse&lt;/code&gt; (which is a verb), &lt;code&gt;alejamiento&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;estar lejos&lt;/code&gt;. So that sentence would be: &lt;code&gt;Hubo un alejamiento de esta tendencia&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Stay away from me!&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Aléjate de mí&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We are not away from home&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;No estamos lejos de casa&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-16T11:12:57.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5087" CreationDate="2014-02-16T11:33:47.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess this is one of these things where there is no grammatical rule. In this particular case, I understand that &lt;code&gt;fecha&lt;/code&gt; is something generic, so it would be like saying &lt;code&gt;We don't have (any) dates&lt;/code&gt;. So you don't need to add &lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt;, actually it sounds weird if you put it there. A different example could be: &lt;code&gt;No nos queda leche&lt;/code&gt;, which means &lt;code&gt;We are out of milk&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;We don't have (any) milk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar case (but slightly different), would be: &lt;code&gt;¡Ya tenemos casa!&lt;/code&gt;, which means &lt;code&gt;We have a flat now!&lt;/code&gt;. You don't have to add &lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt;or &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;. You are referring to &quot;your flat&quot;, &quot;the flat&quot;, the one that you wanted or needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-16T11:33:47.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5087" CreationDate="2014-02-16T15:48:25.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we tend to use the word &quot;a&quot; as an article a lot, just like Spanish uses &quot;the&quot; in the EL o LA forms. If this were to be written with Una, it wouldn't be completely wrong, rather just awkward since it's not as direct as possible. You really only need to use UN o UNA when referring to a quantity. In this case, the message was simple referring to one single thing, making it with out the Una quicker, more to the point and 'better' in terms of using it as a phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2014-02-16T15:48:25.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5073" CreationDate="2014-02-16T16:00:47.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia Española en su &lt;code&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/code&gt; desaconseja el uso de anadir una s minúscula, precedida o no de un apóstrofe, para indicar la forma plural (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UuHZoCavNzVmXAFg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;véase&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde un punto de vista lógico, la frase &lt;code&gt;Me pagan los quinces y treintas del mes&lt;/code&gt; es imprecisa porque en un mes solamente hay un día 15 y un día 30.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El visor de n-gramas de Google demuestra que la forma plural es infrecuente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+quince+de+cada+mes%2C+los+quinces+de+cada+mes%2C+los+quince+de+cada+mes&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cel%20quince%20de%20cada%20mes%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;véase&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El visor tambien confirma que a la hora de escribir una fecha la forma numérica es mucho mas común que la literal (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+quince+de+cada+mes%2Cel+15+de+cada+mes&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cel%20quince%20de%20cada%20mes%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cel%2015%20de%20cada%20mes%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;véase&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solamente las fechas que constituyen una nombre propio se escriben con todas sus letras: &lt;code&gt;el Movimiento Veintiséis de Octubre&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elpais.com/files/manual-de-estilo-de-el-pa%C3%ADs.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;véase&lt;/a&gt; la guía de estilo del Diario El País).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-02-17T10:27:11.437" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T10:27:11.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5073" CreationDate="2014-02-17T08:47:48.020" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente no se puede pluralizar un número escrito con dígitos porque, en ese caso, la cifra expresa el número en sí, que es único. El concepto del número 549 es único, no puede tener plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay casos en que sí podemos usar el nombre de un número en plural; pero en esos casos se debe escribir con letra porque, realmente, es el nombre de algo y, por tanto, una palabra, no un número. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saqué tres dieces en los exámenes finales (&lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt; es el nombre de la calificación)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesito dos cuatros para poner el número en la camiseta (&lt;em&gt;cuatro&lt;/em&gt; es el nombre de una pegatina con forma de número 4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, si encontraras un caso en que fuera correcto usar el plural de una cifra escrita con números, creo que sería de aplicación lo que dice el DPD sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=siglas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;plural de las siglas&quot;&gt;plural de las siglas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Aunque en la lengua oral tienden a tomar marca de plural ([oenejés] = ‘organizaciones no gubernamentales’), son invariables en la escritura: las ONG; por ello, cuando se quiere aludir a varios referentes es recomendable introducir la sigla con determinantes que indiquen pluralidad: &lt;em&gt;Representantes de algunas/varias/numerosas ONG se reunieron en Madrid&lt;/em&gt;. Debe evitarse el uso, copiado del inglés, de realizar el plural de las siglas añadiendo al final una s minúscula, precedida o no de apóstrofo: &lt;em&gt;CD’s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ONGs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T08:47:48.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5079" CreationDate="2014-02-17T12:20:25.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Explanation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is correct to translate &lt;code&gt;I hear a cat and a horse&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;Oigo un gato y un caballo&lt;/code&gt;. Yet, remember translating is not a bijective function (one-to-one correspondence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens here is that the word &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is indicating direction, this can be done to put emphasis on something, for example consider this conversation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- ¿Oíste eso?                    -- Did you hear that?&#xA;- Lo único que oigo es un gato.  -- The only thing I hear is a cat.&#xA;- Oigo un gato y a un caballo.   -- I hear a cat and a horse.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is much more common in Spanish, in particular it would be odd style in English to say &lt;code&gt;Heard to a horse&lt;/code&gt; (it would be either &lt;code&gt;Heard a horse&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thinklikeahorse.org/index-15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Listened to a horse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). Instead Spanish is a bit more liberal, consider: &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo entrenar a un perro?&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo entrenar un perro?&lt;/code&gt; both are acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/francesco/messages/peace/documents/papa-francesco_20131208_messaggio-xlvii-giornata-mondiale-pace-2014_en.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Realistic example 1&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The succession of economic crises should lead to a timely rethinking of our models of economic development and to a change in lifestyles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sucesión de crises economicas debe llevar a una pronta reformulación de nuestros modelos de desarrollo economico y a un cambio de estilos de vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice in English it says &lt;code&gt;... and to a change in lifestyles&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;... and a change in lifestyles&lt;/code&gt;. I have translated to &lt;code&gt;y a un&lt;/code&gt; to preserve this style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dvorkin.com/essays/hearing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Realistic example 2&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I got home, I stood in the driveway next to my car for a while, listening to the wind and to a dog barking far away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando llegé a casa, me detuve en la calzada junto a mi carro for un rato, escuchando el viento a un perro ladrando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice again in English it does not say &lt;code&gt;... and a barking dog&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.montgomerycollege.org/Departments/hpolscrv/VdeLaOliva.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Realistic example 3&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They were taken in columns to Convention hall, the McNulty Baseball Park, the Fairgrounds and to a flying field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fueron llevados en columnas para Salón de convenciones, el Parque de Béisbol McNulty, la feria y a un campo de vuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WNwv1L8sYD6hHZwATa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Realistic example 4&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vio a una mujer y a un hombre tocando flautas traversas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;xe saw a woman and a man playing transverse flutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 1: using &lt;code&gt;xe&lt;/code&gt; as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender-specific_pronoun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gender agnostic pronoun&lt;/a&gt; to denote the fact that the gender of the person - the one who sees in the given phrase - cannot be infered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 2: In English you will probably not specify the flute is a &lt;code&gt;transverse flute&lt;/code&gt; (side-blown flute). Yet in Spanish - at least in some regions - the world &lt;code&gt;flauta&lt;/code&gt; often refer to a fipple flute, more properly to a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recorder_%28musical_instrument%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;recorder&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (this is known as &lt;code&gt;flauta dulce&lt;/code&gt; - literally &lt;code&gt;sweet flute&lt;/code&gt;) because these are very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As counterexample consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Escuché un ruido               -- I heard a noise&#xA;x Escuché a un ruido             -- I heard/listened to a noise&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Although &lt;code&gt;Escucchar&lt;/code&gt; is usually &lt;code&gt;Listen&lt;/code&gt; it is common to use it for a sound that caught your attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2522" LastEditorUserId="2522" LastEditDate="2014-02-17T12:35:43.067" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T12:35:43.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5079" CreationDate="2014-02-17T16:15:06.577" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish it is mandatory to use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; before the Direct Object in most cases when it refers to a person or persons. You can find a full explanation in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=objecto%20directo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example would be covered by case 1.1.e in the link above if you were talking about people; but, of course, a cat and a horse are not such a thing. So the correct translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oí un gato y un caballo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you write &lt;em&gt;Oí a un gato y a un caballo&lt;/em&gt;, you are somehow assimilating them to people. At least, you are implying an affective affinity with them. Since this is not the case (you are talking about an unknown cat and horse), I would advise not to use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence. Compare this with the case when you heard, for instance, your aunt's cat. This is an animal you know and you can express this affective affinity using &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oí al gato de mi tía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T16:15:06.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5099" CreationDate="2014-02-17T21:17:39.777" Score="5" ViewCount="1636" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/5096/768&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vio a una mujer y a un hombre tocando flautas traversas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi impresión inicial fue que el plural en &lt;em&gt;flautas&lt;/em&gt; era incorrecto, siendo la versión correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vio a una mujer y a un hombre tocando flauta traversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué dice la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WNwv1L8sYD6hHZwATa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; que el plural es correcto? ¿O es un regionalismo argentino?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Acaso uno dice &quot;&lt;em&gt;mis hijos tocan pianos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;nosotros sabemos tocar guitarras&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, etc.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay flautas traversas/transversas en varias tesituras (desde flauta sopranino, hasta flauta doblecontrabajista). Esa es la única justificación que encontraría para un plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T16:41:47.030" Title="¿Se dice &quot;ellos tocan flautas&quot; o &quot;ellos tocan flauta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-17T22:02:33.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera conclusión que yo haría de las respuestas dadas hasta el momento es que &lt;code&gt;tocar flauta&lt;/code&gt; es una expresión regional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En España (@makeMonday) se dice solamente &lt;code&gt;tocar la flauta&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En Mexico (@José María) y en Argentina (@c.p.) se dan ambas formas: &lt;code&gt;tocar (la) flauta&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda conclusión que haría es que la expresión &lt;code&gt;tocar flautas&lt;/code&gt; también está en uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;@c.p. cita a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WNwv1L8sYD6hHZwATa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;y el visor de n-gramas de Google también &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tocar+flautas%2C+tocar+flauta&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctocar%20flautas%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20flauta%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;demuestra su uso&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;y luego empezaron á tocar flautas y tocaron el son de Hun-ahpu-mico.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (Las historias del origen de los indios de esta provincia de Guatemala -- Popol-vuh)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Son músicos de su propio genio, y como en varias partes de esta Historia consta, son muy aficionados a tocar flautas, que ellos se fabrican y otros muchos instrumentos;&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (Noticias musicales en los cronistas de la Venezuela de los siglos XVI-XVIII -- Mariantonia Palacio)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Salir al aire a tocar flautas es acercarse al mar, al olivar o, como hace el sujeto lírico de Junto al lago, al hermoso trigal&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (Antonio Colinas o la escritura como aventura circular -- Guy Merlín Nana Tadoun)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Era también costumbre entre ellos la de cantar en los funerales y tocar flautas.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (Diccionario de teología -- Bergier)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a la pregunta original de @c.p.: creo que esta lista del visor de n-gramas es especialmente esclarecedora y que justifica afirmar que la cita tomada de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WNwv1L8sYD6hHZwATa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; es simplemente un ejemplo de uso regional de la forma &lt;code&gt;tocar flautas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición anterior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El visor de n-gramas de Google muestra en este &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tocar+la+flauta%2Ctocar+las+flautas%2Ctocar+flauta%2Ctocar+flautas&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctocar%20la%20flauta%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20las%20flautas%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20flauta%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20flautas%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt; que la forma más frecuente es &lt;code&gt;tocar la flauta&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google también muestra que la forma &lt;code&gt;tocar flautas&lt;/code&gt; solo aparece &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22tocar+flautas%22&amp;amp;oq=%22tocar+flautas%22&amp;amp;aqs=chrome..69i57.7558j0j4&amp;amp;client=ubuntu-browser&amp;amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=%22tocar+flautas%22+site%3a.ar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;7 veces&lt;/a&gt; en páginas argentinas frente a unas &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22tocar+flautas%22+site%3A.ar&amp;amp;oq=%22tocar+flautas%22+site%3A.ar&amp;amp;aqs=chrome..69i57.2744j0j1&amp;amp;client=ubuntu-browser&amp;amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=%22tocar+la+flauta%22+site%3a.ar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;134000 ocurrencias&lt;/a&gt; de la forma &lt;code&gt;tocar la flauta&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-02-19T19:12:12.863" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T19:12:12.863" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5087" CreationDate="2014-02-17T22:56:19.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the word &quot;un/una&quot; are not usually used to say &quot;we don't have any ...&quot;. Actually if you add the &quot;un/una&quot; to the sentence, you should end the sentence with an adjective, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No tenemos una fecha disponible.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means &quot;We don't have any available date.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2525" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-25T12:51:15.463" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T12:51:15.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5110" CreationDate="2014-02-18T01:35:17.087" Score="3" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;There was once an incident as a kid where I was acting foolish somehow at the dinner table talking with my brother, who maybe didn't care that much anyways as to what I was doing. My grandfather, whose first language is Spanish, then went on to get a bit angry at me and said 'Do not molest your brother!', to which we both couldn't stop laughing at for a few minutes. Anyways, here I am now actually getting alright at my spanish, and I now realize he just took the spanish word for 'to bother/annoy/otherwise disturb' (molestar), and mistakenly used the word for something that was totally inappropriate in english usage (Generally to be 'molested' in english implies something that tends to send people to the psychologist, and to 'molest' someone is something that sends people to jail, at least in modern parlance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now, my question is this - Is there any words that sound similar enough between English and Spanish that have different connotations than what I might expect while blurting out, which I should avoid using while speaking Spanish, in case I end up saying something accidentally offensive or hilarious at my own expense? I'm sure a bunch of you here are native speakers that have some amusing stories that we can learn from, let's hear them!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2527" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T20:44:04.377" Title="Analogous-sounding spanish words from english to avoid using?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-02-19T09:01:58.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5102" CreationDate="2014-02-18T07:48:10.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @c.p. that this type of question is not appropriate for the QA-format, but since I don't have enough reputation to add a comment, here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T07:48:10.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-18T08:09:12.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay flautas traversas/transversas en varias tesituras (desde flauta&#xA;  sopranino, hasta flauta doblecontrabajista). Esa es la única&#xA;  justificación que encontraría para un plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me parece que ésta suposición tuya es de hecho la respuesta correcta. A mi parecer suena muy raro utilizar el plural de algún instrumento aún para referirse a dos sujetos tocando los mismos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única manera de interpretar ese plural para &quot;flauta&quot;, sería la variedad de las mismas, es decir, siguiendo con el mismo ejemplo, uno de los sujetos podría haber estado tocando la flauta trasversa sopranino y el otro sujeto la flauta traversa doblecontrabajista, por lo tanto sería muy ilógico hacer mención exacta de ambos nombres de dichas flautas para una oración que no requiere tanto detalle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos en México es inusual utilizar el plural para una oración como la del ejemplo. Suponiendo que el ejemplo hablase sólamente de flautas, sin entrar en detalle de su tipo, usariamos: &lt;code&gt;Vió a una mujer y a un hombre tocando (la) flauta.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T08:09:12.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-18T08:59:32.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi punto de vista &lt;code&gt;tocando flautas traversas&lt;/code&gt; está en plural porque cada uno está tocando su flauta traversa. Es algo raro (o no es normal), pero creo que es totalmente válido. En España al menos se suele decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan y María estaban tocando la guitarra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho así puede dar pie a una confusión. Parece que Juan y María están tocando la misma guitarra, pero por lo general se entiende que cada uno toca una diferente. Si ponemos ese ejemplo como la frase que preguntas, quedaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan y María estaban tocando (las) guitarras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como digo, me resulta una frase válida, a pesar de que suene muy extraña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: La frase que dices que te parece la correcta, creo que también lo es. Mi única pega a esa frase es que en España se añadiría el &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;, como en la primera frase que he puesto arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es mi punto de vista, porque creo que esta pregunta es más sobre eso que sobre una forma &quot;correcta&quot; de escribir ese caso específico ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorUserId="2488" LastEditDate="2014-02-18T10:59:48.457" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T10:59:48.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5102" CreationDate="2014-02-18T10:57:51.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer is yes: There are a lot of those words. They are called in spanish &quot;Falsos amigos&quot; (false friends).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You did not ask for a list, and the Question would have been inappropiate if you were done that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T10:57:51.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4979" CreationDate="2014-02-18T18:45:35.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Vino&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can mean two unrelated things. A substantive: wine. And a verb, third singular person, past tense of &quot;venir&quot; : (he/she/it) came.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just a case of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonym&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;homonyms&lt;/a&gt;. English (most languages, I guess) also have them. &#xA;Examples: &quot;I'll &lt;strong&gt;book&lt;/strong&gt; this &lt;strong&gt;book&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Can&lt;/strong&gt; you pass me that &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T22:19:38.637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T22:19:38.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5102" CreationDate="2014-02-18T20:37:56.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here we go. If I understand correctly your question, you will be happy with the 200+ entries you could find in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo%3aFalsos_amigos#cite_ref-6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia, False friends&lt;/a&gt; between Spanish and English. I think that's the objective part of the question that can be answered. Unfortunately, I don't know which of them you'd find funny, so is upto you to select them. Enjoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-18T20:44:04.377" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T20:44:04.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4113" CreationDate="2014-02-18T21:17:08.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo vi mucho durante mi tiempo en Nicaragua. Se ve &quot;hale aquí&quot; en las puertas de los centros comerciales, restaurantes, bancos, etcétera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1740" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T21:17:08.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5114" CreationDate="2014-02-19T01:56:48.963" Score="3" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces quiero decir algo como la siguinte oración en español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you want me to invite you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo traducirlo. He tratado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quieres invitarte?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me parece bien. También he tratado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quieres que te invito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que esto no es lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo digo mi oración original en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2539" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-02-19T03:55:57.057" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T09:41:43.830" Title="How do I use two objects?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5112" CreationDate="2014-02-19T02:28:51.557" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you want me to invite you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción literal sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres que te invite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero yo te recomendaría utilizar la siguiente expresión, que a mi parecer suena mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedo invitarte?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me permites invitarte? ó ¿Me permites que te invite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me dejas invitarte? ó ¿Me dejas que te invite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas 3 frases serían la traducción para &lt;code&gt;May I invite you?&lt;/code&gt; que desde mi punto de vista va mejor con tu propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T02:28:51.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5112" CreationDate="2014-02-19T09:41:43.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción sería más bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te gustaría que te invite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque, si he entendido bien el sentido de la frase en inglés, el objetivo de la frase parece darle a entender que podrías invitarle si él quisiera. En español solemos ser más directos, y más que preguntar por si quieres que te invite, se preguntaría directamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te gustaría venir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2542" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T09:41:43.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-19T15:05:39.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente no se dice de ninguna de las dos maneras. La manera correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vio a una mujer y a un hombre tocando &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; flauta travesera (o traversa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es exactamente el mismo caso que &quot;tocar el piano&quot; o &quot;tocar la guitarra&quot;. Nadie dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;mis hijos tocan pianos&quot; o &quot;mis hijos tocan piano&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;nosotros sabemos tocar guitarras&quot; o &quot;nosotros sabemos tocar guitarra&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis hijos tocan el piano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros sabemos tocar la guitarra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos se usa la expresión artículo + nombre (&quot;la flauta&quot;) para indicar que nos referimos al instrumento en general, no a un objeto en concreto. &quot;Mis hijos tocan guitarras&quot; significaría, en correcto castellano, que mis hijos están en contacto con objetos que llamamos &quot;guitarra&quot;, como si dijéramos &quot;Mis hijos tocan paredes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2544" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T15:05:39.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5258" CreationDate="2014-02-21T00:01:32.993" Score="1" ViewCount="644" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see a book by Alexandre Dumas named &quot;Amaury&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the English equivalent? Or is it simply the same (I'd never heard of it, if so).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is available here:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.booksshouldbefree.com/book/Amaury-by-Alexandre-Dumas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.booksshouldbefree.com/book/Amaury-by-Alexandre-Dumas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T20:05:47.327" Title="What is &quot;Amaury&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2014-02-21T00:42:24.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a person's name.&#xA;There is a famous singer called Amaury Perez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T00:42:24.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2014-02-21T01:51:22.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Amaury is just a person's name. According to a quick search on google its origin is German and French.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acording to &lt;a href=&quot;http://babynamesworld.parentsconnect.com/meaning_of_Amaury.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Babynamesworld&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combination of the german 'amal' meaning &quot;work, bravery&quot; plus 'rik' meaning &quot;power, ruler.&quot;&#xA;Brought to England by the Normans. This is a given name which evolved into a surname and in modern times, appears as both. This is the French form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amaury may also be from 'helm' meaning &quot;helmet&quot; and 'rik' meaning &quot;ruler.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The english equivalent is the same &lt;code&gt;Amaury&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T01:51:22.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-21T04:44:03.717" Score="8" ViewCount="17662" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde sé yo, todo el mundo hispanohablante llama al fruto &lt;em&gt;sandia&lt;/em&gt; (en ingles &quot;watermelon&quot;), menos en Venezuela donde se le llama &lt;em&gt;patilla&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero patilla tambien significa &quot;sideburn&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esta curiosidad regional?  No veo ninguna razón para conectar las dos palabras.  ¿Cómo se desarolló la &quot;patilla&quot; para denominar el fruto en Venezuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T23:04:04.623" LastActivityDate="2019-07-08T08:05:36.090" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del uso de &quot;patilla&quot; en vez de &quot;sandia&quot; en Venezuela?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5120" CreationDate="2014-02-21T11:08:31.950" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que a veces el origen de una palabra no lo sabemos ni los hablantes del idioma. No soy de Venezuela, pero he encontrado esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&#xA;  A veces se llamó &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &amp;#1587;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1606;&amp;#1618;&amp;#1583;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;a sindiyya&lt;/i&gt;, &amp;quot;melon del Sind&amp;quot;, de donde salió el español &lt;i&gt;sandía&lt;/i&gt;, como el catalán &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0125079&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;síndria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0144491&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;xíndria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; y el sardo &lt;a href=&quot;http://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ACndria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;sìndria&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero otras veces se llamaba &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &amp;#1607;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1606;&amp;#1618;&amp;#1583;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;a hindiyya&lt;/i&gt; &amp;quot;melón de la India&amp;quot;, o, incluso llegó a llamarse &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &amp;#1601;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1604;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1587;&amp;#1618;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1606;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;a falas&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;niyya&lt;/i&gt; &amp;quot;melón de Palestina&amp;quot;, pues se había cultivado antes en Palestina que en España. Otras veces, porque se distinguía como &amp;quot;verde&amp;quot; la sandía y &amp;quot;amarillo&amp;quot; el melón, se le llamó simplemente &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; &amp;quot;melón&amp;quot;, sin adjetivo alguno, como hacen actualmente en el árabe de Oriente, donde el significado de &amp;quot;sandía&amp;quot; (&lt;i&gt;Citrullus lanatus&lt;/i&gt; (Thunb.) Matsum. &amp;amp; Nakai) se ha adueñado completamente del fitónimo &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; y el melón tiene ahora que llamarse de otro modo, por ejemplo &amp;#1588;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1605;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1575;&amp;#1605; &lt;i&gt;&amp;#353;amm&amp;#257;m&lt;/i&gt; que literalmente era &amp;quot;oloroso&amp;quot;. De llamarla simplemente &amp;#1576;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1616;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;ba&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;&amp;#299;&amp;#7723;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ah&lt;/i&gt; salió el nombre en español &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=badea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;badea&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, arabismo muy depreciado (&amp;quot;sandía o melón de mala calidad&amp;quot;) y el &lt;b&gt;diminutivo &amp;#1576;&amp;#1615;&amp;#1591;&amp;#1617;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1610;&amp;#1618;&amp;#1582;&amp;#1614;&amp;#1577; &lt;i&gt;bu&amp;#7789;&amp;#7789;ay&amp;#7723;a&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/b&gt;dio también el español (depreciado) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=albudeca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;albudeca&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el portugués &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infopedia.pt/lingua-portuguesa/pateca?homografia=2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;pateca&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el francés &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/past%C3%A8que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;pastèque&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;b&gt;y el español antillano de Colombia, Venezuela, Puerto Rico y Dominicana &lt;i&gt;patilla&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/b&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=patilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE acepción 6&lt;/a&gt;).&#xA;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?sandi.a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?sandi.a&lt;/a&gt;, con los enlaces actualizados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-07-08T08:05:36.090" LastActivityDate="2019-07-08T08:05:36.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-21T15:20:57.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aqui hay dos conceptos distintos que se están mezclando, tanto en el post original como en casi todas las respuestas. Una cosa es &quot;tocar la flauta&quot;, va todo junto y se refiere a un tipo de actividad completo. Otra es &quot;tocar una flauta&quot;, se refiere a una acción puntual y aun instrumento concreto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase original, &lt;code&gt;'Vio a una mujer y a un hombre tocando flautas traversas.'&lt;/code&gt;, se refiere a unas personas que estaban tocando música con unas flautas concretas, las que tenían en las manos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase &lt;code&gt;'Juan toca la flauta'&lt;/code&gt;, hablamos de que Juan puede tocar cualquier flauta. Y en &lt;code&gt;'Juan y María tocan la flauta'&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a que están tocando música de flauta, los instrumentos en sí podrían ser cualquier flauta. Lo importante es que están realizando la actividad &quot;tocar la flauta&quot;, no que estén usando unas flautas (aunque al final sea lo mismo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia es muy sutil, lo sé, y en la mayoría de los casos irrelevante, pero explica por qué ambas formas son correctas (artículo+singular o indefinido elíptico+plural) y otras no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2333" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T15:20:57.387" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5088" CreationDate="2014-02-21T18:42:41.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hubo un movimiento apartado/alejado de esta tendencia&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this sentence in particular &quot;alejado&quot; and &quot;apartado&quot; (at least for me) mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2525" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T18:42:41.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="136" CreationDate="2014-02-21T22:31:28.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was surprised &lt;strong&gt;&quot;llegar a ser&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; didn't make into the conversation already. While all the other forms mentioned are very common, I've heard this one plenty of times, and I think it's a useful one to know. &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/usingparticularverbs/a/llegar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; mentions that &quot;llegar a ser&quot; &quot;...typically suggests a long or difficult period of change to become something&quot;, which in my personal experience sounds reasonable. Furthermore, the comments in that same article concerning the formulation llegar a + infinitive are interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T22:31:28.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5127" CreationDate="2014-02-22T01:26:56.560" Score="3" ViewCount="18191" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela significa tonto o una persona que esta como distraída. He escuchado que puede significar otras cosas. Que significa en otros países? O que usos tiene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T08:59:00.930" Title="¿Cual es el uso de &quot;bobo&quot; en ciertos países?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5125" CreationDate="2014-02-22T05:33:59.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bobo, ba.&#xA;(Del lat. balbus, balbuciente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. tonto (‖ falto de entendimiento o razón).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Extremada y neciamente candoroso. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Bien cumplido, no escaso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(Por la facilidad con que se deja atrapar). m. Pez de los ríos de Guatemala y México, de unos 60 cm de longitud y 12 de anchura, de piel negra y sin escamas, carne blanca y con pocas espinas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. En el teatro español primitivo, personaje cuya simpleza provocaba efectos cómicos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cuba. mona (‖ juego de naipes).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bobo de Coria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Personaje proverbial, símbolo de tontería y mentecatez.&#xA;~ de la yuca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Cuba. Persona tonta, mentecata.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a bobas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. ant. neciamente.&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;Soy cubano y generalmente se usa allá para decir tonto pero como un término mucho más suave, que es parecido al sentido que tu dices en tú pregunta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-02-28T03:52:08.333" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T03:52:08.333" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5125" CreationDate="2014-02-22T13:19:04.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un ave llamada pájaro &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1jaro_bobo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bobo&lt;/a&gt;. Algunos le llaman así al pingüino (lo cual yo evitaría: los pingüinos son inteligentes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T13:19:04.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2014-02-22T16:41:47.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta depende si son distintos tipos de flauta. O sea, si una flauta es de un tipo y otra de otro tipo. or ejemplo, podemos tener una guitarra normal y una eléctrica. En ese caso, se tocan las guitarras ya que atribuye el plural al instrumento. Para contestar la pregunta debemos saber si el instrumento tiene un plural (Son diferentes flautas) o es singular. Si fuese singular, (Hasta donde se, solo exita un tipo de flauta) entonces se diria ellos tocan la flauta. Pero si fuesen plural (i.e. distintos tipos de flauta) entonces ellos tocan las flautas. La forma correcta radican en la misma palabra e es independiente del resto de la oración. Me gradué de Literatura Comparada, o sea, de escribir propiamente y criticar lo escrito. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T16:41:47.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2014-02-22T16:52:18.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Quieras&quot; is a real word used mostly for future tense. Cuando quieras! (Whenever you want) is a common expresion in our language. &#xA;&quot;Quieres&quot; can be used in a question or sentence and works in the present and sometimes future tense form of the verb. &#xA;&quot;Quieres un poco?&quot;- Do you want some?- Question&#xA;&quot;No quieres ser parte del grupo&quot;.- &quot;You do not want to be part of the group.&quot;- Sentence present tense.&#xA;&quot;Es cierto que quieres ser parte del grupo?&quot;-Is it true you want to be part of the group. &#xA;It is though a constant that quieres might be involved in a present, past or future tense sentence and is actually dependent on the spoken of subject, the individual (him or her/ el o ella) and it's use is then also related to what el o ella feels. &#xA;&quot;No puedo creer que no quieras ser parte del grupo&quot;- I can't believe you do not want to be partt of the group.- Present tense as well. In this sentence, I would used and find more proper to use the word desear (to desire, to want) instead of quieras though quieras is still correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T16:52:18.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5012" CreationDate="2014-02-22T17:05:34.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Caray es como todos dicen, una interjección para la palabra carajo. Sin embargo, Carajo no significa pene como dicen en los comentarios. En los poemas españoles de los 1500, carajo era una palabra para referirse a la vulva o mas precisamente, a la vagina. &#xA;De otro lado, es poco usada, sin embargo, depende del estrato social de quien habla. Personas de alta estrata social aun la utilizan. &#xA;No se considera un improperio ya que, aunque derive de una connotación sexual, es usada en otro contexto, usualmente de sorpresa y en la mayoría de las ocasiones, de alegría. &#xA;Cabe señalar que el carajo es la parte mas alta del mastil de un barco, donde se subía un marinero a velar si había tierra o enemigos cerca. Por eso la frase &quot;Vete al carajo&quot; lleva una connotación negativa. El irse a ese lugar significaba irse solo a un lugar lejos. Aunque tenias personas cerca (En el barco) estabas separado de ellas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T17:05:34.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2014-02-22T17:10:37.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually, in a return, we would use &quot;Que alegria que regresaras!&quot; (It's a pleasure to have you back) or &quot;Gracias por regresar!&quot; (Thanks for comming back) but there's no language translation exact to Welcome Back! The exclamation point and welcome do refer to happiness about the event being expressed and because of this, I offered happy sentences that could be used in such situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T17:10:37.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3529" CreationDate="2014-02-22T17:12:54.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prima in proper spanish is a cousin. However, in colloquial terms or slang, prima can be a good friend one socializes with often. Like homegirl in english. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2260" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T05:38:10.800" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T05:38:10.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2014-02-22T21:44:26.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generalmente en paises de habla hispana no se tendría en cuenta el hecho de que el individuo ha regresado &quot;de nuevo&quot;. Si quien pregunta sigue insistiendo en la necesidad de traducir &quot;Welcome back&quot; literalmente, los comentarios anteriores son algunas buenas sugerencias. Sin embargo, este tipo de discrepancias son las que hacen especiales a los idiomas, pues cada uno de ellos percibe la realidad de maneras ligeramente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, people in Spanish-speaking countries wouldn't take into account the fact that the individual has &quot;come back again.&quot; If this thread's poster still wants to translate &quot;welcome back&quot; literary, the above comments are some possible suggestions. However, this kind of discrepancies make languages special, for every language perceives reality in slightly different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2556" LastEditorUserId="2556" LastEditDate="2014-02-22T21:49:46.363" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T21:49:46.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5136" CreationDate="2014-02-22T23:31:30.023" Score="6" ViewCount="19834" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una amiga de Monterrey, México a veces dice &amp;quot;Ah, es equis&amp;quot; para decir que no le apasiona cierta cosa.  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Te gustan los tacos que se venden en la esquina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; Meeh... son equis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de ese modismo? Y ¿Dónde se usa ese modismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-01-09T21:32:39.857" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del modismo &quot;es equis&quot; para decir que algo no es malo ni bueno, sino &quot;más o menos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5135" CreationDate="2014-02-22T23:39:24.190" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser equis&lt;/em&gt; tiene su origen en &lt;em&gt;ser x&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido algebraico: una incógnita, o algo que podría tomar cualquier valor, en otras palabras, &lt;em&gt;algo desconocido&lt;/em&gt;.  Es decir, &lt;em&gt;ser equis&lt;/em&gt; denota &lt;em&gt;ausencia de popularidad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mediocridad&lt;/em&gt;,  es lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;ser gris&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;no sobresalir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;no ser importante&lt;/em&gt;, o como @JoseMaria dice, &lt;em&gt;dos dos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dos tres&lt;/em&gt; (ni excelente ni malo). En el ejemplo, la respuesta de &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; denota indiferencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; No me importaría ir a comer esos tacos, pero no me muero de ganas de ir a comerlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado dicha expresión no se limita a ser adjetivo, sino que es también usada como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt; Madre a su hija mimada le dice&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;-(M')Hijita, ¿vas a salir con esa ropa a la calle?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;- Ay, equis mamá.&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. ¿a quién le importará?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;origen&lt;/strong&gt; puede verse también como une extrapolación a la cuarta acepción en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/equis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;equis.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Nombre de la letra x.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Nombre del signo de la incógnita en los cálculos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. (Por las figuras en forma de equis que recorren su espinazo). f. Col. Serpiente cuyo veneno es casi siempre mortal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;4. adj. Se dice de un número desconocido o indiferente. Necesito una cantidad equis, o equis pesetas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  estar alguien hecho una ~.&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Estar borracho y dar traspiés cruzando las piernas e imitando la forma de la equis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un vocablo usado, sobre todo por los jóvenes. No me imagino a mi abuelita ni a mis padres diciéndolo. Sobre su extensión, no sólo en el Norte, sino en todo México (al menos) y, según @EmilioGort, en Cali, Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T09:18:20.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5138" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5141" CreationDate="2014-02-23T21:32:34.520" Score="2" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask whether there are any differences in meaning between the following three phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar harto de algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar quemado de algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar agotado de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2563" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T02:25:58.907" Title="Estar harto/quemado/agotado de algo - differences (if any)" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2014-02-23T22:57:41.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sand as a verb is translated as &quot;lijar&quot; in Spanish, so it must be something like &quot;yeso grumoso&quot; or a kind of grout (&lt;em&gt;yeso&lt;/em&gt;) with a rough finish to it (?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2564" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:39:03.247" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:39:03.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5140" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-23T23:13:16.723" Score="4" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero un poco de contexto. En mi región, León (España), tenemos la expresión familiar &lt;code&gt;ser un baldurán&lt;/code&gt;. Un baldurán es una persona que no se preocupa de sus asuntos con la debida atención. Otra posible acepción de &quot;baldurán&quot; le da el significado de &quot;revoltoso&quot;, &quot;travieso&quot; o &quot;trasto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca he visto esta palabra escrita y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/baldur%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; tampoco la reconoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es doble:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se escribe: valdurán o baldurán?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En qué otras regiones se utiliza la palabra &lt;code&gt;baldurán&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN 2014-02-25&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puesto que ni &lt;code&gt;valdurán&lt;/code&gt; ni &lt;code&gt;baldurán&lt;/code&gt; aparecen en ninguno de los diccionarios o corpus que he consultado, voy a proponer que las respuestas sugieran una posible etimología para esta palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, aunque existen un gran número de topónimos escritos con &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt; (Valdepeñas, Valdefuentes, Valderas...), la etimología de muchos de ellos (&quot;Valle del&quot;) no es relevante. Por otra parte, sí que es posible encontrar en el diccionario de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/baldado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; palabras que empiezan con &lt;code&gt;bald~&lt;/code&gt; cuyo significado sería más próximo, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;baldado (Del part. de baldar).&#xA;1. adj. Cansado, fatigado.&#xA;2. adj. Pan. tuberculoso (‖ que padece tuberculosis). U. t. c. s.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro tipo de información que también ayudaría serían ejemplos de uso del sufijo &lt;code&gt;~urán&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN 2014-03-02&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He mejorado la definición de baldurán. La anterior definición no era completamente correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN 2014-03-03&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario solamente he encotrado otra palabra que termine en &lt;code&gt;~urán&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ardurán (Del ár. marroquí eddṛa, y este del ár. clás. ḏurah; cf. port. adora).&#xA;1. m. Variedad de la zahína de Berbería.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario etimológico, conocido como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_cr%C3%ADtico_etimol%C3%B3gico_castellano_e_hisp%C3%A1nico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Corominas&lt;/a&gt;, lista una acepción muy divertida. Habla de &quot;valura&quot;, &quot;baldura&quot; o &quot;balura&quot;, indistintamente: perteneciente a un valle muy remoto de Galicia donde había muchos curanderos. Dice el diccionario que los curanderos se esparcieron por las provincias vecinas y que hacían encantamientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T08:14:16.600" Title="¿Valdurán o baldurán?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5138" CreationDate="2014-02-24T02:25:58.907" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in my environment (Argentina):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar harto de algo &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar agotado de algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are similar, and in some cases can be interchangeable, but &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar harto &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is more akin to &quot;I'm fed up with&quot;, &quot;I cannot stand that anymore&quot;. While&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar agotado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is primarily equivalent to &quot;be very tired&quot;. This is more used when one is tired because of some work one have done, while one can &quot;estar harto&quot; of things that one must bear. Further, &quot;estar harto&quot; suggest disgust, while the second is more neutral, one can &quot;estar agotado&quot; from doing something pleasant (say gym).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;quemado&quot;, in my experience that's a more informal (almost slang) word, used for stressful  (not merely physical, nor anecdotical) situations, and it's used predominantly without a complement. &quot;Estoy quemado&quot; = &quot;I'm seriously worn out&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T02:25:58.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-24T14:51:10.883" Score="1" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me he preguntado por la razón por la que estos dos términos parecen coincidir, hasta el punto de que &quot;Me he tomado un vaso de manzanilla&quot; resulta completamente ambiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T19:56:51.117" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T19:56:51.117" Title="¿Cuál es la relación entre el vino de manzanilla y la infusión de manzanilla?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2014-02-24T15:13:05.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La etimología de la manzanilla es discutida. El correspondiente artículo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzanilla_%28vino%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; describe cuatro teorías. La etimología más aceptada afirma que el nombre de este vino se deriva de la similitud entre su fragancia y la planta aromática del mismo nombre. Las otras tres etimologías propuestas sugieren una relación con una localidad del mismo nombre en Huelva, con una clase de vid hoy desaparecida, o con el olor de la manzana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la ambigüedad: sí que es posible, pero el contexto suele hacer innecesaria la distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-02-24T20:52:51.647" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T20:52:51.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5147" CreationDate="2014-02-24T19:50:03.923" Score="3" ViewCount="1271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty new to Spanish, but I'm learning with Coffee Break Spanish/listening to TV/Radio/learning vocab via word of the day...pretty much anything I can get my hands on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, if I'm ordering a meal at a fast food restaurant and I want to use the phrase 'kid's meal' (or something similar), what words would I use? For example would a 'kid's sandwich' be 'un sandwich de niño'? Or 'un sandwich de los niños?'. How do you use it in a sentance? 'Quisiera ...'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2404" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T16:14:13.923" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;kid's meal&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5144" CreationDate="2014-02-24T19:58:16.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comida para niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces en el ejemplo, la expresión correcta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sándwich para niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emparedado/bocadillo para niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si quieres evitar el anglicismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-02-25T14:30:01.627" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T14:30:01.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5140" CreationDate="2014-02-24T22:50:06.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Perú y nunca en mi vida había escuchado esa palabra. Tengo entendido que las palabras que no son aceptadas por la RAE no tienen restricciones de escritura, puesto que se puede regir por las normas del español ya que no pertenece al idioma. Así que, hasta que aparezca oficialmente en el DRAE puedes escribirla como crees que se escriba y que suene igual a lo que pronuncias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T22:50:06.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5144" CreationDate="2014-02-25T06:24:38.870" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually, &lt;code&gt;kid's meal&lt;/code&gt; is translated as &lt;code&gt;menú infantil&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@c.p. answers are ok. In Spain, you should always say &lt;code&gt;sándwich&lt;/code&gt;, because &lt;code&gt;emparedado&lt;/code&gt; sounds a bit old-fashioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T06:24:38.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="316" CreationDate="2014-02-25T16:12:44.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find a lot of examples in the names of towns and villages in the South and East area of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the names starting with Al-, Ben- or Mas- have their origins in Araba, you can see an example in the region of Valencia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Valencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Valencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2186" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T16:12:44.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5144" CreationDate="2014-02-25T16:14:13.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just plain &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;menu infantil&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means a customized menu for kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T16:14:13.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5153" CreationDate="2014-02-26T03:57:08.887" Score="13" ViewCount="3176" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchas, muchas, muchas ocasiones he usado este término. Y lo he escuchado de muchas personas también, la pregunta no es si está bien dicho, sino porque siento que carece de lógica y que significa todo lo contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy programador y lo veo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Él&#xA;2. No [va a] # Niego que vaya a un sitio&#xA;3. Ningún [lado] # Niego un lugar&#xA;- Él NO(Ir) a NO(lugar)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si asumimos que Afirmación es &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;= 1&lt;/code&gt; y Negación es &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt;, entonces podríamos decir que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Él no va a ningún lado&#xA;  |0    |  0&#xA;  +-----+&#xA;  1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy afirmando una negación y luego negándola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dijera: Él no va a casa, solo estaría afirmando una negación &lt;code&gt;(no [va])&lt;/code&gt;, que es una negación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que esto se relaciona con la frase: &lt;code&gt;En ningún momento&lt;/code&gt;, al hacer algo en &lt;em&gt;ningún momento&lt;/em&gt; quiero decir que no hice nada*, pero si &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; hago algo en ningún momento&lt;/em&gt; significaría que hice algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Arriba escribí: &lt;em&gt;no hice nada&lt;/em&gt; que cae dentro del mismo ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2387" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:43:42.617" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:43:42.617" Title="¿Por qué cuando digo &quot;Él no va a ningún lado&quot; siento que está mal dicho?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;negación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5152" CreationDate="2014-02-26T04:27:24.630" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a lo que he leído en la información que provee la RAE, las reglas matemáticas no tienen validez a la hora de determinar el sentido (afirmativo o negativo) de un enunciado. La clave de tu duda es que lo estás tratando de validar desde el sentido matemático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/doble-negacion-no-vino-nadie-no-hice-nada-no-tengo-ninguna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Doble negación: no vino nadie, no hice nada, no tengo ninguna&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE especifica que la doble negación en un enunciado sirve sólo para reforzar la negación general del mismo, es decir, utilizar el adverbio &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; antes de otra negación sirve exclusivamente para enfatizar ésta última.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Siguiendo con el ejemplo que propones y acorde a las aclaraciones que provee la RAE, tenemos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él no va a ningún lado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es el equivalente directo de: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ningún lado va él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cito textualmente las aclaraciones de la RAE para la regla general de estos enunciados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La concurrencia de esas dos «negaciones» no anula el sentido negativo&#xA;  del enunciado, sino que lo refuerza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-02T19:31:36.800" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T19:31:36.800" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5157" CreationDate="2014-02-26T18:17:09.833" Score="3" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo este pronunciamiento del Ministro de Educación de Venezuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKW8nloZAqQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKW8nloZAqQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en el 00:18 el dice estas palabras &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no es que vamos a sacar la gente de la pobreza, pa' llevarla a la clase media pa' que después aspiren a ser &quot;escuálidos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segun el RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;escuálido, da.&#xA;(Del lat. squalĭdus).&#xA;1. adj. Flaco, macilento.&#xA;2. adj. Sucio, asqueroso.&#xA;3. adj. Zool. Se dice de los peces selacios que tienen el cuerpo fusiforme, hendiduras     branquiales a los lados, detrás de la cabeza, y cola robusta; p. ej., el cazón y la lija. U.   t. c. s.&#xA;4. m. pl. Zool. Suborden de estos peces.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiso decir con esa frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-02-26T19:22:01.147" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T19:22:01.147" Title="Duda sobre &quot;escuálido&quot; en el pronunciamiento de un Ministro" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2014-02-26T18:47:28.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de &lt;a href=&quot;http://cronicasvenezuela.com/2013/12/27/los-venezolanos-esculidos-o-camlidos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cronicasvenezuela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uno de los insultos más populares que divulgó, el ya habitante del más allá, Hugo Chávez, fue el de “escuálido”, que en una acepción significa flaco, macilento, asqueroso, pero en otra acepción constituye el orden de los peces escualos, grandes depredadores temidos hasta por el hombre. Rápidamente, en algunos mitines o marchas de la oposición muchos jóvenes lucieron franelas, con la imagen de un tiburón diciendo, “soy escuálido y qué”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en Twitter de la palabra y veras que la gran mayoría son gente de Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/search?q=escualidos&amp;amp;src=typd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://twitter.com/search?q=escualidos&amp;amp;src=typd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, una nueva definición en Venezuela usada en el ámbito político.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T18:47:28.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5159" CreationDate="2014-02-26T20:37:02.083" Score="7" ViewCount="914" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo un video de Nicolas Maduro presidente de Venezuela el dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Millones y millonas de Bolivar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrXQkPOvI7A&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrXQkPOvI7A&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;en 0:42&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir &lt;code&gt;millonas&lt;/code&gt; o es un modismo en Venezuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca antes había escuchado usar millonas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se que en este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trescientos mil habitantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trescientas mil personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la regla para asignar géneros a los números y si &lt;code&gt;millonas&lt;/code&gt; es en algún caso correcto ya que nunca la he escuchado antes y no me suena para nada correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T01:56:52.207" Title="Millones y Millonas" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5158" CreationDate="2014-02-27T03:00:51.880" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estimado, eso fue un error. Para este tipo de cantidades siempre es en masculino: millones, miles, cientos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas son millones de trabajadoras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas son miles de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas son cientos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2582" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T16:02:12.907" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T16:02:12.907" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5160" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-27T03:29:20.570" Score="4" ViewCount="7005" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo estos &lt;em&gt;alfileres&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=brass+fasteners&amp;amp;safe=active&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;es_sm=94&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=nbAOU6eeK4GwyQHM54GYCA&amp;amp;sqi=2&amp;amp;ved=0CAgQ_AUoAg&amp;amp;biw=1517&amp;amp;bih=725&amp;amp;dpr=0.9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más fotos&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qEqlP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;foto de &amp;quot;brass fastener&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, lo llamamos un &quot;brass fastener&quot;, &quot;brad&quot;, o &quot;split pin&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T17:22:43.110" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T20:54:35.460" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;brass fastener&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5160" CreationDate="2014-02-27T04:23:14.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al ser usados para papel, en general se puede pedir en una librería un &quot;Gancho de papel&quot; o &quot;Broche de papel&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina y otros países de latinoamérica se puede usar el anglicismo &quot;clip&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclarando que es un gancho de bronce, es posible que lo tengan, aunque está bastante en desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T04:23:14.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5160" CreationDate="2014-02-27T07:22:22.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Brass&lt;/code&gt; es una aleación de cobre y zinc que en español se conoce como latón. La traducción literal de su nombre al español sería &lt;code&gt;sujetador de latón&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haciendo una búsqueda en Internet con dicho término, me encontré con su definición, por lo tanto esto me confirma su validez o por lo menos su uso en activo. &#xA;Observa la definición que proponen en éste &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arqhys.com/arquitectura/sujetador-laton.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición que proponen en el enlace anterior es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un sujetador de latón o pasador, es un artículo de papelería utilizado&#xA;  para asegurar varias hojas de papel a la vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T11:14:44.497" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T11:14:44.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5160" CreationDate="2014-02-27T08:44:48.660" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los llaman &lt;strong&gt;encuadernadores&lt;/strong&gt;. Me acuerdo de que los usábamos en primaria en vez de grapadoras y demás para no hacernos daño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=encuadernador&amp;amp;origen=REDLE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, un encuadernador es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Pasador, pinza o chapita de metal que sirve para sujetar varios pliegos u hojas en forma de cuaderno&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2398" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T00:47:08.717" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T00:47:08.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5165" CreationDate="2014-02-27T22:43:26.833" Score="5" ViewCount="5668" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen dos formas para referirse a un jaguar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jaguar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yaguar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2014-02-27T22:53:02.543" LastActivityDate="2014-03-01T16:01:42.073" Title="¿Para referirse a un jaguar cuál palabra es la correcta jaguar o yaguar?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5164" CreationDate="2014-02-27T22:52:08.867" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el uso común es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/jaguar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jaguar&lt;/a&gt; la forma correcta es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/yaguar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yaguar&lt;/a&gt;. Informacion respecto a esto lo podemos encontrar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/CeballosFernandezdeCordoba_383_390_Reducido.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ceballos y Fernández de Córdoba, Luis. «Dos notas para el Diccionario académico». BRAE, XLVII, 1967, pp. 383-390&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JAGUAR&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto que deba preferirse jaguar a yaguar no estamos de acuerdo, si ha de darse preferencia a la corrección sobre la&#xA;  popularidad; jaguar es lo vulgar y de uso corriente, yaguar es lo&#xA;  correcto. En su magnífica obra sobre &quot;Mamíferos sudamericanos&quot; dice D.&#xA;  Angel Cabrera: &quot;muchas personas, sobre todo aquellas que quieren pasar&#xA;  por cultas, le llaman también jaguar; pero esta palabra escrita así&#xA;  con j inicial debe ser proscrita de la lengua castellana; no es en&#xA;  efecto sino la forma en que los autores franceses, ingleses y alemanes&#xA;  (en cuyos idiomas suena la j como y) han transcrito la voz americana&#xA;  yaguar o yaguara; pero en nuestra lengua, que la j tiene un sonido&#xA;  gutural fuerte, no hay por qué adoptar una grafía que desfigura&#xA;  totalmente la palabra verdadera&quot;. Aun aceptada ya jaguar por su&#xA;  extendido uso, procede referir a yaguar y señalar la incorrección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, nunca he oido que se diga yaguar así que si uno lo dice quiza la demás gente creera que uno es el que esta equivocado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T00:16:50.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5060" CreationDate="2014-02-28T03:13:03.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say something similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;The devoted has chest pain when his heart hangs to stroke the infinite&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---You can use or replace the word &quot;hangs&quot; with &quot;goes out&quot; or &quot;relieve&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;The devoted has chest pain when his heart is relieve to stroke the infinite&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&quot;The devoted has chest pain when his heart goes out to stroke the infinite&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1796" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T03:13:03.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5125" CreationDate="2014-02-28T07:31:44.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay tambien el reciente sentido &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgu%C3%A9s_bohemio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Burgués bohemio&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (bobó) que proviene del francés &quot;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Bo&lt;/b&gt;urgeois &lt;b&gt;bo&lt;/b&gt;hème&lt;/i&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T08:59:00.930" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T08:59:00.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5164" CreationDate="2014-02-28T16:02:36.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Crea lo que crea la gente, ambas son correctas &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=yaguar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=yaguar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2415" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T16:02:36.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5172" CreationDate="2014-02-28T17:11:40.370" Score="0" ViewCount="3199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know Spanish beyond maybe a half a dozen common words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I say these in a casual, unfamiliar tone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Did I get a package from UPS?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, that's all the Spanish I know.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate shows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Conseguí un paquete de UPS? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento, eso es todo el español que sé.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't particularly trust it, so I wanted to confirm. In particular, Google translates the first back to &quot;I got a UPS package?&quot; which is not the way I would phrase that in English. Also, I'm not sure if &quot;hablo&quot;, &quot;entiendo&quot;, or &quot;sé&quot; makes more sense in the second phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2591" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T23:37:22.160" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T23:37:22.160" Title="How do I say these phrases in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-03-03T20:28:55.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5171" CreationDate="2014-02-28T17:18:56.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the most casual way would be for &lt;code&gt;Did I get a package from UPS?&lt;/code&gt;like this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me llegó un paquete de UPS?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for this &lt;code&gt;Sorry, that's all the Spanish I know.&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo siento (o Disculpa) es todo el español que sé.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about making a conversation with another person you should use &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt;, because that means you don't know how to speak or understanding what you're listening, if  you're just talking, you should use &lt;em&gt;hablo&lt;/em&gt; and if you're listening or reading you should use &lt;em&gt;entiendo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T17:18:56.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5174" CreationDate="2014-02-28T18:53:01.347" Score="0" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translate.com gives me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mis libros son el agua, los de los grandes genios es el vino. Todo el mundo bebe agua.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“My books are water; those of the great geniuses is wine. Everybody drinks water.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems good to me, although such &quot;robots&quot; often give awkward translations. Does this seem alright?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T19:39:50.667" Title="Is this a proper (non-awkward) translation?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-03-02T17:23:39.817" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5173" CreationDate="2014-02-28T19:39:50.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some errors, the correct translation would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis libros son agua, aquellos de los grandes genios son vino. Todos (Todo el mundo) bebe/toma agua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it should not be translated as &quot;el agua&quot; since is &lt;code&gt;water&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;the water&lt;/code&gt; the same for &lt;code&gt;wine&lt;/code&gt; and instead of &quot;los de los&quot; because it doesn't sound that good you should use &lt;code&gt;aquellos&lt;/code&gt;. For &lt;code&gt;everybody&lt;/code&gt; you could use &quot;todo el mundo&quot; or just &quot;todos&quot; depends wich one you like more and the region and the same for &lt;code&gt;drinks&lt;/code&gt;, as an example here in Perú we use more &quot;tomar agua&quot; than &quot;beber agua&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T19:39:50.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5164" CreationDate="2014-03-01T08:02:00.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; ofrece una definición para &lt;em&gt;jaguar&lt;/em&gt;  (&quot;felino americano de hasta dos metros de longitud...&quot;), pero en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;yaguar&lt;/em&gt; simplemente indica &quot;Véase &lt;em&gt;jaguar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  De la misma manera, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; tiene una entrada para &lt;em&gt;jaguar&lt;/em&gt; que dice &quot;Esta voz de origen guaraní puede escribirse de dos formas: &lt;em&gt;jaguar&lt;/em&gt;, grafía mayoritaria en todo el ámbito hispánico [... ] y &lt;em&gt;yaguar&lt;/em&gt;, grafía usada esporádicamente en el área rioplatense&quot;. Al igual que el Diccionario de la RAE, el DPD también contiene una entrada independiente para &lt;em&gt;yaguar&lt;/em&gt;, que simplemente redirige a &lt;em&gt;jaguar&lt;/em&gt; sin ofrecer una definición. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2594" LastActivityDate="2014-03-01T08:02:00.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5164" CreationDate="2014-03-01T16:01:42.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De forma adicional a las respuestas previas, podemos aclarar al nivel de pronunciación que, si el animal tiene su nombre de los guaranís, y que hoy en día los guaranís hispanófonos están en Argentina, pues la i-griega no se pronuncia lo mismo que en España (ni, de hecho, en cualquier otro país) sino que se parece más a la jota francesa. &#xA;Hasta peor, en región tucumana (fuerte influencia aborígena) van a escuchar i-griegas bastardas, entre la fuerte r castellana y la jota francesa. Por ejemplo una palabra emblemática para mí de la región es la &quot;yungla&quot;. Se refiere a la vegetación local, no es equivalente de &quot;jungle&quot; en inglés pero se pronuncia casi como si fuera la palabra inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haber brindado algo interesante para ustedes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abrazo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastActivityDate="2014-03-01T16:01:42.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-02T13:55:04.300" Score="6" ViewCount="2458" Body="&lt;p&gt;About unaspirated voiceless consonant and voiced consonants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in &lt;em&gt;pa.pe.pi.po.pu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ba.be.bi.bo.bu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ta.te.ti.to.tu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;da.de.di.do.du&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ca.co.cu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ga.go.gu&lt;/em&gt;, their pronunciations are too much alike for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do Spanish native speakers if in a sentence hear an unknown word like these four words &lt;em&gt;dentro - dendro - tendro - tentro&lt;/em&gt;, would you recognize them and write them correctly? They sound the same for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, can anybody give me some advices about how to speak them correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2599" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T10:25:32.620" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T15:34:41.630" Title="Voiceless vs voiced stops / Plosivas sordas vs sonoras" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5177" CreationDate="2014-03-02T16:48:17.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all these three words: &lt;em&gt;dendro, tendro, tentro&lt;/em&gt; don't exist in the Spanish language. So if you here something like that, you must be hearing &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; that means &lt;code&gt;inside&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pa.pe.pi.po.pu&lt;/code&gt; for the sound of the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; is really like the English one, close your lips and blow the air, the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;POWER&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ba.be.bi.bo.bu&lt;/code&gt; this sound is the opposite of the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;, you have to close your lips but you have to aspire(?) the air, the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;BYE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ta.te.ti.to.tu&lt;/code&gt; this sound is made with the tongue and the palate and blowing the air, the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;TEA&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;da.de.di.do.du&lt;/code&gt; this sound is made with the tongue and the palate too, but just don't blow the air, is a lot like the sound &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; in English &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt;=*de* or &lt;em&gt;da&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;DICE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ca.que.qui.co.cu&lt;/code&gt; this sound is made in the deep palate and the tongue at middle height, blowing a little air. the same  as &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;, the word  &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;CAMERA&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ga.gue.gui.go.gu&lt;/code&gt; this sound is made in the deep palate and the tongue at middle height, but you have to aspire(?) the air. The word &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;GAIN&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a good example to know how to say it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good statr but I think that Spanish emphasize more the pronunciation of the consonants. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2014-03-02T16:48:17.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5177" CreationDate="2014-03-02T17:23:28.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my own experience, I would say that these misunderstandings never happen with Spanish words in a normal conversation. All of the pairs I could think of are so removed from each other in meaning and function that it's hard to imagine a situation where they could be mistaken:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;barco(ship) / parco(poor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cada(each) / cata(tasting)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paca(short name for Francisca) / vaca(cow)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pecado(sin) / pegado(glued)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedo(fart) / dedo(finger)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pera(pear) / vera(side)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;secar(to dry) / segar(to harvest)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The confusion, however, is possible with people's surnames. For example, a name such as &quot;Marcelino Patrón&quot; is sometimes mistaken for &quot;Marcelino Padrón&quot;. But, again, I would say it is difficult to find pairs of surnames affected by this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-02T21:36:29.310" LastActivityDate="2014-03-02T21:36:29.310" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5190" CreationDate="2014-03-02T19:19:33.050" Score="7" ViewCount="67831" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turns out that I am learning English and I have doubts about the verbal forms of that language, but seeing this I realized that I am not clear about those of Spanish either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how many and what are the verbal forms in Spanish and (if any) its equivalent in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que estoy aprendiendo inglés y tengo dudas con las formas verbales de ese idioma, pero viendo esto me di cuenta de que tampoco tengo claras las del español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cuántas y cuáles son las formas verbales que hay en el español y (si las hay) su equivalente en inglés? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2582" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T15:41:18.373" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T16:35:43.940" Title="How many verbal forms are there in Spanish? // ¿Cuántas formas verbales hay en español?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5177" CreationDate="2014-03-02T21:50:49.520" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;We don't normally mix up those sounds in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish 'p/b' pair is basically the same as in English. The only difference is that in English 'p' is a little more &quot;explosive&quot;. (BTW, recall that in Spanish there is no difference between 'v' and 'b', if an English pronounce an English 'v' we will interpret the same as a 'b')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the pair 't/d', again, it's similar to English.  But, again, English 't' is more explosive (we, Spanish, hear the English 't' in 'into' as a somewhat intermediate between our smoother Spanish 't' and the 'ch' sound). The Spanish 'd' sound is also smoother that the English, I'd say that it should be regarded as an intermediate between the normal English 'd' and the consonant in the word 'the', but (important!) always keeping the tongue behind the teeth.&#xA;That's why we, Spanish speakers listening to English, have trouble in distinguishing 'then' and 'den'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general pattern, as you see, is that Spanish consonants (t,d,p,b,c,g) tend to be smoother or weaker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T15:43:30.680" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T15:43:30.680" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5196" CreationDate="2014-03-03T03:21:04.347" Score="5" ViewCount="6867" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días pregunté sobre el caso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5158/millones-y-millonas&quot;&gt;Millonas&lt;/a&gt;. Sé que es un dísparate por decirlo del alguna manera. ¿Cómo lo sé? Por intuición, no sabría explicarlo mas que me suena a un dísparate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a esa pregunta sale que estas cantidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cientos, miles, millones &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre se escriben en masculino, con lo que estoy de acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en un comentario a esa misma respuesta se aclara que hay otro tipo de cantidades que se escriben en femenino como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;decena, docena, centésima&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces mi pregunta es &lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la regla que rige este comportamiento?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He tratado de buscar asociaciones que si los decimales(décima), que si las fracciones, pero docena se refiere a 12, como también se puede escuchar céntimo para referirse a una fracción de 100.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T14:57:23.357" Title="¿Cuál es la regla para asignar el género a cantidades numéricas?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5182" CreationDate="2014-03-03T12:14:34.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los números son elementos abstractos sin género, por tanto utilizan el género neutro. El género neutro en castellano, a menudo, coincide con el masculino (caso de millones, cientos, miles, etc...), pero hay casos en los que no es así (decena, docena, centésima, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay reglas para asignar género a las palabras, los conceptos abstractos pueden tener un género si se pueden asociar a un elemento que tenga género, en caso contrario tienen género neutro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:14:34.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5177" CreationDate="2014-03-03T12:42:37.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some languages, the difference between voiced/voiceless consonants is unimportant; they do, nevertheless, differentiate between aspired and non-aspired consonants. The main example for this is Chinese. I guess this is the case with your mother language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Native Spanish speakers usually have no problems telling a voiced (b, d, g) consonant from its corresponding voiceless (p, t, k). But, to us, pairs of aspired-non aspired consonants sound just the same. A native Spanish speaker will not be able to differentiate Chinese pairs such as x/sh, q/ch, j/zh and the like, while a native Chinese speaker has no difficulty with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for advice on how to pronounce these consonants correctly, it is difficult to do unless we know what is your mother language and how does its consonant system work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:42:37.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5182" CreationDate="2014-03-03T12:54:51.840" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existe ninguna regla en los casos referidos a grupos de unidades, como no la hay en la mayoría de los casos en lo que se refiere al género de las palabras. ¿Por qué, cuando hablamos del tamaño de una persona, &lt;em&gt;estatura&lt;/em&gt; es femenino y &lt;em&gt;peso&lt;/em&gt; es masculino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, sí existe esta regla en el caso de los sustantivos formados por sustantivación de adjetivos, eliminando el sustantivo original: esos son todos femeninos. El motivo es que, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;una centésima&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;una centésima parte&lt;/em&gt;; al ser &lt;em&gt;parte&lt;/em&gt; femenino, &lt;em&gt;centésima&lt;/em&gt; también lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto mismo sucede en otros casos. Por ejemplo: los colores son masculinos, independientemente de su terminación o del género de la palabra que los origina, porque la palabra &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt; es masculina. Así, &lt;em&gt;rosa&lt;/em&gt; es femenino si nos referimos a la flor, pero masculino si nos referimos al color porque &lt;em&gt;el rosa&lt;/em&gt; es una sustantivación procedente de &lt;em&gt;el color rosa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:54:51.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5180" CreationDate="2014-03-04T15:01:37.057" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí tienes la conjugación del verbo cantar tal como me la enseñaron en el colegio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Modo indicativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-o&#xA;cant-as&#xA;cant-a&#xA;cant-amos&#xA;cant-áis&#xA;cant-an&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-aba&#xA;cant-abas&#xA;cant-aba&#xA;cant-ábamos&#xA;cant-abais&#xA;cant-aban&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-é&#xA;cant-aste&#xA;cant-ó&#xA;cant-amos&#xA;cant-asteis&#xA;cant-aron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;he     cantado&#xA;has    cantado&#xA;ha     cantado&#xA;hemos  cantado&#xA;habéis cantado&#xA;han    cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;había    cantado&#xA;habías   cantado&#xA;había    cantado&#xA;habíamos cantado&#xA;habíais  cantado&#xA;habían   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hube      cantado&#xA;hubiste   cantado&#xA;hubo      cantado&#xA;hubimos   cantado&#xA;hubisteis cantado&#xA;hubieron  cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-aré&#xA;cant-arás&#xA;cant-ará&#xA;cant-aremos&#xA;cant-aréis&#xA;cant-arán&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;habré    cantado&#xA;habrás   cantado&#xA;habrá    cantado&#xA;habremos cantado&#xA;habréis  cantado&#xA;habrán   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-aría&#xA;cant-arías&#xA;cant-aría&#xA;cant-aríamos&#xA;cant-aríais&#xA;cant-arían&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;habría    cantado&#xA;habrías   cantado&#xA;habría    cantado&#xA;habríamos cantado&#xA;habríais  cantado&#xA;habrían   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Modo subjuntivo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-e&#xA;cant-es&#xA;cant-e&#xA;cant-emos&#xA;cant-éis&#xA;cant-en&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-ara    o cant-ase&#xA;cant-aras   o cant-ases&#xA;cant-ara    o cant-ase&#xA;cant-áramos o cant-ásemos&#xA;cant-arais  o cant-aseis&#xA;cant-aran   o cant-asen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-are&#xA;cant-ares&#xA;cant-are&#xA;cant-áremos&#xA;cant-areis&#xA;cant-aren&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;haya    cantado&#xA;hayas   cantado&#xA;haya    cantado&#xA;hayamos cantado&#xA;hayáis  cantado&#xA;hayan   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubiera    o hubiese    cantado&#xA;hubieras   o hubieses   cantado&#xA;hubiera    o hubiese    cantado&#xA;hubiéramos o hubiésemos cantado&#xA;hubierais  o hubieseis  cantado&#xA;hubieran   o hubiesen   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubiere    cantado&#xA;hubieres   cantado&#xA;hubiere    cantado&#xA;hubiéremos cantado&#xA;hubiereis  cantado&#xA;hubieren   cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Imperativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-a  (tú)&#xA;cant-e  (usted)&#xA;cant-ad (vosotros)&#xA;cant-en (ustedes)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-22T09:32:26.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5082" CreationDate="2014-03-04T17:35:45.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es una ofensa en absoluto, es muy informal, y denota falta de educación por parte del hablante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México casi nadie utiliza esa palabra, y si la usas puede que lleguen a burlarse de ti. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2575" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-03-04T18:08:24.130" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T18:08:24.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5060" CreationDate="2014-03-05T12:02:28.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many cases &quot;heartache&quot; is a better translation than &quot;chest pain&quot;. It depends on context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:02:28.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5182" CreationDate="2014-03-05T15:34:09.757" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una regla para asignar el género a los números en el RAE. El punto número 3 de ese artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Más Info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3- Los cardinales, cuando son sustantivos, son siempre masculinos: el tres, un millón. Cuando funcionan como adjetivos o como pronombres carecen de variación de género, a excepción de &lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;/strong&gt; y sus compuestos (→ uno, 2), que tienen formas específicas para el femenino: una, veintiuna, treinta y una, etc.; y de los correspondientes a las centenas, a partir de doscientos, cuyos femeninos adoptan la terminación -cientas (salvo quinientos, que tiene forma propia y cuyo femenino es quinientas): doscientas, trescientas, etc. El género del numeral lo determina el sustantivo al que se refiere: De las trescientas páginas que tiene el libro, me he leído cuarenta y una. En el caso de las centenas, el cardinal en función adjetiva debe concordar necesariamente en género con el sustantivo al que cuantifica, tanto si lo precede inmediatamente (doscientos kilos, trescientas toneladas) como si entre ellos se interpone otro elemento, por ejemplo, la palabra mil, si se trata de numerales complejos (doscientos mil kilos, trescientas mil toneladas). En lo que se refiere al cardinal uno y sus compuestos, la concordancia es obligada cuando el numeral precede inmediatamente al sustantivo: treinta y un kilos, veintiuna toneladas (no veintiún toneladas); pero si entre el numeral y el sustantivo femenino se interpone la palabra mil, la concordancia de género es opcional (→ uno, 2.2): veintiún mil toneladas o veintiuna mil toneladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi todos los puntos tratados ahí tienen casos especiales como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final del punto 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6- mientras que el plural miles es un sustantivo masculino sinónimo de millares (→ mil): miles de euros, muchos miles de personas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el punto 8 se puede encontrar este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8- Cuando el cardinal con valor ordinal se pospone a un sustantivo femenino, es posible la concordancia de género: la página doscientas, la habitación trescientas doce; pero suele ser más frecuente el uso en aposición del sustantivo masculino que corresponde al nombre del número: la página doscientos, la habitación trescientos doce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T14:57:23.357" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T14:57:23.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5203" CreationDate="2014-03-06T15:20:47.927" Score="7" ViewCount="3093" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vivo en Colombia y con cierta frecuencia escucho la pregunta &quot;¿Cómo me le va?&quot; pero nadie me puede explicar por qué usa &quot;me&quot; en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esta frase tiene aluna explicación gramatical?&#xA;¿Por qué no dicen &quot;¿Cómo te le va?&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T00:42:42.717" Title="¿Cuál es el análisis gramatical de &quot;¿Cómo me le va?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5201" CreationDate="2014-03-06T16:48:50.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la HISPANOTECA &gt; Gramática española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo me le va?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; es el complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; es un dativo ético&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Dativos%20superfluos.htm&quot;&gt;Este “dativo ético” pertenece a los llamados dativos superfluos.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;‘Dativo ético’, “especialmente expresivo y coloquial. Se emplea sobre todo con el pronombre de 1. persona”: Había ido el gato y se me lo ha comido; Vosotras no me salgáis de aquí.&#xA;  A Sánchez Márquez (1872) le debemos un nuevo intento serio de diferenciar el complemento indirecto (CI) del complemento de interés (Cin). Este último “indica el interés de la acción, es decir, no es el destinatario sin más (CI), sino el afectado por la acción”. Distingue varios tipos: “Distingue la persona (varias veces la cosa) a la que afecta de alguna manera la acción; de ordinario moralmente (antiguo ‘dativo ético’), perjudicada (‘dativo de daño’), beneficiada (‘dativo de provecho’), participante (‘dativo simpatético’), adscrita, emparentada, poseedora (‘dativo posesivo’), término o sentido del movimiento (‘dativo de fin o destino’). También indica el complemento objetivo de ciertos adjetivos, paralelo al complemento directo en verbos, y hasta señala el parecer de alguien en la acción (‘dativo iudicantis’) o fin de la misma (‘dativo de fin’).»&#xA;  [Gutiérrez Ordóñez, Salvador: “Los dativos”. En: Bosque, Ignacio / Demonte, Violeta (eds.): Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Madrid: Real Academia Española / Espasa Calpe. 1999, vol. 2, § 30.7.1.1]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/c%C3%B3mo%20me%20le%20va.htm&quot;&gt;Relacionado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-06T17:10:16.573" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T17:10:16.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5207" CreationDate="2014-03-07T16:07:16.643" Score="6" ViewCount="6316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escribiendo textos con fórmulas matemáticas a menudo te encuentras con este tipo de problemas con los símbolos matemáticos. Pongo unos cuantos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;... donde &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; son variables reales ...&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;... donde el valor es &lt;em&gt;α&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;ω&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, en este caso si ponemos los nombre de las letras en vez creo que no hay duda: &quot;donde el valor es alfa u omega.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;... donde &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; es un entero &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; es la constante imaginaria.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; predece a un símbolo cuyo nombre empieza con el sonido &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt; como por ejemplo integral, pero que también podrías leer de otra forma (por ejemplo &quot;la integral&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto como lo he escrito en los ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1167" LastEditorUserId="1167" LastEditDate="2014-03-07T21:09:18.667" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T21:52:37.063" Title="¿Cómo se escribe &quot;x y y&quot; ó &quot;x e y&quot;?, ¿“α o ω” ó “α u ω”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5206" CreationDate="2014-03-07T18:04:28.903" Score="4" ViewCount="11837" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo crecí en Venezuela y siempre usaba la palabra &lt;code&gt;Chamo&lt;/code&gt;. Pero no he escuchado en ningún otro país en donde usan la palabra.  Me pregunto si se usa en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T22:44:12.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-27T14:14:47.003" Title="¿Es &quot;chamo&quot; usado en otros países aparte de Venezuela?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5205" CreationDate="2014-03-07T18:27:47.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que básicamente se usa en ciertas partes colindantes de Venezuela y en Venezuela misma. Fuera de ahí, lo dudo, acá en México se usa haciendo mofa de las telenovelas de Venezuela que llegaron a transmitirse acá. Fuera de eso, tampoco he visto que se use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2621" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T18:27:47.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5204" CreationDate="2014-03-07T19:29:23.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta a tu pregunta es: si, el uso es correcto en los casos 1, 2 y 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso 4 mi elección personal sería escribir &amp;quot;y la [símbolo de integración]&amp;quot; y leer &amp;quot;y la integral&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE describe el uso de la conjunción &amp;quot;e&amp;quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, y el de la conjunción &amp;quot;u&amp;quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conjunción &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; se sustituye por &amp;quot;e&amp;quot; ante palabras que empiezan por &amp;quot;i&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;hi&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan e Ignacio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Padre e hijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excepción a esta regla son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;al principio de interrogación o admiración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y Ignacio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Y Isidoro también comprometido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ni cuando la palabra siguiente empieza por y o por la sílaba hie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocaña y Yepes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tigre y hiena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conjunción &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; se sustituye por &amp;quot;u&amp;quot; ante palabras que empiezan por &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; o por &amp;quot;ho&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;diez u once&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;belga u holandés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta sustitución de &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;, y de &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;u&amp;quot; es necesaria para evitar el hiato que se produciría. Por ejemplo, el caso &amp;quot;padre y hijo&amp;quot; sería muy difícil de pronunciar sin interrupción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los países que pronuncian la letra &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;ye&amp;quot; y no como &amp;quot;i griega&amp;quot; sería posible escribir &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; y pronunciar &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;ye&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T21:52:37.063" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5208" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5209" CreationDate="2014-03-07T21:32:48.767" Score="7" ViewCount="8095" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the equivalent personal name suffixes in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sr / Senior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jr / Junior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mr. John Doe, Sr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mr. John Doe, Jr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="459" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-08T10:47:20.977" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T15:09:47.167" Title="Name Suffixes &quot;Sr&quot; (Senior) and &quot;Jr&quot; (Junior) in Spanish" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5208" CreationDate="2014-03-07T22:04:37.173" Score="8" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;John Doe Padre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;John Doe Hijo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely won't use anything equivalent to Mr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes we use Don (man) or Doña (woman), but that is used to convey respect and only for people over 50 years old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don Juan Alvarez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doña Elvira Rodriguez de Alvarez (his wife)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan Alvarez hijo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T09:21:06.047" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T09:21:06.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5288" CreationDate="2014-03-08T11:08:41.413" Score="6" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ocasionalmente platico con gente que aprende español, la cual pregunta cómo hacer para averigüar si el objeto asociado a cierto verbo es directo o indirecto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé la respuesta porque, ante la duda (lo cual rara vez pasa), uno contesta unas preguntas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que ...?  → Objeto directo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿A quién, para quién, ...? → Objeto indirecto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero las respuestas a dichas preguntas sólo las sabe un hablante nato del español y no ayudarían realmente a alguien que lo aprende (pues, claro, dichas respuestas asumen que uno ya desarrolló su intuición lingüística)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En busca de un método que para todos pueda ser útil, lo que ahora digo es &quot;busca en el diccionario, y si el verbo es transitivo, éste acepta (necesita) un objeto directo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay otro método, uno más fácil?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-03-08T19:33:53.330" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T19:21:14.900" Title="¿Cómo explico a un hablante no nato, si a cierto verbo le corresponde un objeto directo o uno indirecto?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5211" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5212" CreationDate="2014-03-08T20:00:30.463" Score="14" ViewCount="4700" Body="&lt;p&gt;The anglicism &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm1zVv5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sexy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is accepted in Spanish, as you know (in the DLE it shows as &lt;em&gt;adj. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xl0uGvK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sexi&lt;/a&gt;. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it's an adjective, how is its plural supposed to be built?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;X persona&lt;/em&gt; tiene ojos sexy(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm slightly inclined to think that it remains invariant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T00:53:17.000" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T00:53:17.000" Title="How to pluralize &quot;sexy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5211" CreationDate="2014-03-09T05:08:03.590" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sexi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su plural es &lt;strong&gt;sexis&lt;/strong&gt; (→ plural, 1e): «Sus patrocinadores las instaron a utilizar en el uniforme de competición pantaloncitos más pequeños y sexis» (GmzBartlett Eva [Esp. 2002]).&#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  Plural 1e) &lt;strong&gt;Voces extranjeras terminadas en -y precedida de consonante.&lt;/strong&gt; Deben adaptarse gráficamente al español sustituyendo la -y por -i: dandi (del ingl. dandy); panti (del ingl. panty); ferri (del ingl. ferry). Su plural se forma, como el de las palabras españolas con esta terminación (→ a), añadiendo una -s: dandis, pantis, ferris. No son admisibles, por tanto, los plurales que conservan la -y del singular etimológico: dandys, pantys, ferrys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-05-30T22:18:06.640" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T22:18:06.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:01:50.510" Score="0" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;guiar&quot; and &quot;dirigir&quot;?  The translation from the English that I want is &quot;guide us in our studies.&quot;  Should I use guiar or dirigir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2632" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T20:30:09.050" Title="What is the difference between &quot;guiar&quot; and &quot;dirigir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-03-21T06:29:45.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5214" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:13:43.287" Score="3" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &quot;guardar&quot; and &quot;mantener&quot;?  The English I want to translate is &quot;Help us to keep a good sense of humor.&quot;  The verb to translate is &quot;keep&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2632" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:38:19.563" Title="What's the difference between &quot;guardar&quot; and &quot;mantener&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5214" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:19:26.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you see the definitions of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/guardar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guardar&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/mantener&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mantener&lt;/a&gt;. I think &lt;code&gt;mantener&lt;/code&gt; fits better with your translation acording to the point 3 of its definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conservar algo en su ser, darle vigor y permanencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My translate would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayúdanos a tener/matener un buen sentido del humor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T20:10:52.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:21:32.623" Score="0" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate the following prayer from English:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Dear Lord, I pray that the Holy Spirit be with all of us, guide us in our studies and give us perseverance, help us to have patience with each other and with ourselves, and help us to keep a good sense of humor through it all.  In Jesús’ name, Amen.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation I have so far is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Amado Señor, oro que el Espíritu Santo permanezca con todos nosotros, que nos guie en nuestros estudios, que nos de perseverancia, que nos ayude a tener paciencia el uno con el otro y con nosotros mismos, y que nos ayude a mantener el buen humor en todo momento. En el nombre de Jesús, Amen.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have any suggestions for improvements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2632" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T18:26:07.817" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T22:09:59.730" Title="Translating a prayer" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-03-12T21:02:28.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5217" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:30:53.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you did a good job, just a minor retouch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diacritic accent in &lt;strong&gt;guíe&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Amén&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Amado Señor, oro &lt;strong&gt;(para/por)&lt;/strong&gt; que el Espíritu Santo permanezca con todos nosotros, que nos &lt;strong&gt;guíe&lt;/strong&gt; en nuestros estudios, que nos de perseverancia, que nos ayude a tener paciencia el uno con el otro y con nosotros mismos, y que nos ayude a mantener el buen humor en todo momento. En el nombre de Jesús, &lt;strong&gt;Amén&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-12T22:09:59.730" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T22:09:59.730" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5214" CreationDate="2014-03-10T19:19:09.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guardar is keeping something safe, like keeping money in your locker. This would be used in the same context as &quot;store&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mantener is keeping something the way it is, like keeping your locker clean. This would be used in the same context as &quot;maintain&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context, &quot;keep&quot; is used like &quot;maintain&quot;, so a good translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayúdanos a mantener un buen sentido del humor.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastEditorUserId="2633" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T19:29:16.190" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T19:29:16.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5227" CreationDate="2014-03-10T19:43:12.330" Score="5" ViewCount="1145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo hoy estaba buscando &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/buen%C3%ADsimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buenísimo&lt;/a&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; y veo que la palabra no se encuentra, en su lugar veo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/bon%C3%ADsimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bonísimo, ma&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me dirijo al &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=buenisimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; y me encuentro que me redirige a la palabra bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) buenísimo. Superlativo regular, formado sobre el adjetivo español bueno + el sufijo superlativo -ísimo (→ -ísimo): «Conmigo siempre ha sido buenísimo» (Benedetti Primavera [Ur. 1982]); «Es una idea buenísima y original» (AMillán Guardapolvo [Esp. 1990]). Es hoy forma mucho más usada que bonísimo (→ b).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) bonísimo. Superlativo irregular, formado con la raíz del adjetivo latino bonus + el sufijo superlativo -ísimo: «A esta Basi la temo, es bonísima, pero se enrolla como una persiana» (MtnGaite Fragmentos [Esp. 1976]); «Ella me enseñó a hacer el cordero con patatas al horno, que es bonísimo» (Castro/Alcántara/Colón Cocina [R. Dom. 1996]). Esta forma está cayendo en desuso y hoy se prefiere buenísimo (→ a).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos yo nunca había escuchado &lt;code&gt;bonísimo&lt;/code&gt;, aunque ahi mismo aclaran que ya está en desuso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo es que se adopta en la Real Academia de la Lengua Española estos superlativos/verbos/adjetivos cualquier cosa que sea irregular?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T16:21:15.987" Title="¿Cómo se legalizan los superlativos irregulares?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5221" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5222" CreationDate="2014-03-10T20:08:34.397" Score="2" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title says it all, how do you say &quot;speak one's piece&quot;[1] in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] Speak your piece means &quot;state your opinion or view&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T20:52:30.133" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T20:52:30.133" Title="How to translate &quot;speak one's piece&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5221" CreationDate="2014-03-10T20:46:28.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a debate if the correct phrase is &quot;Speak one's piece&quot; or &quot;Speak one's peace&quot;. I have no intentions to go into details here, so I'm going to assume they are equivalent, or otherwise as explained &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnersdictionary.com/blog.php?action=ViewBlogArticle&amp;amp;ba_id=115&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0764137522&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Modismos Ingleses Para Hispanos/English Idioms For Spanish Speakers (2007)&lt;/a&gt;, it's actually &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.mx/books?id=LRVXSi97SOEC&amp;amp;pg=PA406&amp;amp;lpg=PA406&amp;amp;dq=speak%20one%27s%20piece%20spanish&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=WkKchHdBFH&amp;amp;sig=DP4sn-xa26-AiuWurfmIQJglQq4&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=1iEeU6XrBKW62gWHwYHYBw&amp;amp;ved=0CHQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=speak%20one%27s%20piece%20spanish&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quite straight forward&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decir todo lo que se tiene que decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example the book gives is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He spoke his piece. Dijo todo lo que quería decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It references someone's need to say something. I agree with the book, it would just translate to &quot;decir lo que se tiene que decir&quot; or &quot;decir lo que se quiere decir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T20:46:28.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2014-03-10T20:47:11.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an old question, but still relevant I think, and I just came across it today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of English as a prerequisite?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Most other answers here say you don't need to know English as a prerequisite. Although I'm sure it varies widely from university to university, at my university, UNED in Spain, they do expect you to have some level of English. &lt;a href=&quot;http://portal.uned.es/portal/page?_pageid=93,28740213&amp;amp;_dad=portal&amp;amp;_schema=PORTAL&amp;amp;idContenido=6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; it says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es deseable un nivel básico/intermedio del idioma inglés. Especialmente la comprensión lectora del inglés permitirá el manejo de la abundante bibliografía existente en esta lengua.  El alumno podrá encontrar algunas asignaturas con libros en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a couple classes where the textbook was in English. And on more than one occasion a professor gave additional material, or what have you, in English and the students were expected to be able to comprehend it. As a native English speaker, I had no problem with it, but there were others who complained about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;In my experience they do not teach you what the keywords mean, but rather how to use them. However, most are basic enough to look up in a dictionary and have a good understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;We weren't really taught anything in regard to this. I'd say most just used Spanish for variable names, classes, methods, and for comments. I used English variables, classes, and methods, but comments in Spanish (for school work). I did ask my professors on a couple of times, and they usually all said that the way I did it was fine and probably preferred, since you'll find English in the &quot;real world&quot; more often than programs written in Spanish. I just find it easier and more natural to use English for variables, classes, and methods because all the other keywords are English. Also you come across issues like pluralizing variables and other things that I can't remember right know where English seems a little more convenient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Not sure if you can get it in Spanish. However, my recommendation would be to use the English. Even if you're not comfortable in English at first, force yourself. A lot of the same words and phrases are reused in lots of different situations, and pretty soon you'll find it easier. Then you'll have the added benefit of access to all the tutorials and example in English, which is a pretty big deal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T20:47:11.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5221" CreationDate="2014-03-10T20:47:36.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very difficult to make a translation without any context or even a full sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's imagine the sentence in English was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He'd planned to &lt;strong&gt;speak his piece&lt;/strong&gt; at the next meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then a translation into Spanish could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Había planeado &lt;strong&gt;hablar sin reservas&lt;/strong&gt; en la próxima reunión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T20:47:36.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5213" CreationDate="2014-03-10T21:44:03.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, guide us in our studies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, guíenos en nuestros estudios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Guide&amp;quot; is translated into Spanish as &amp;quot;guiar&amp;quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=dirigir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Dirigir&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, however, has multiple meanings that translate into different words in English. Here's a few examples from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es muy independiente; no le gusta que nadie dirija su vida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;S/he's very independent; s/he wants nobody to run her/his life&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juan dirige una empresa de publicidad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John runs/manages an advertising company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un policía dirigía el tráfico en el cruce.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A policeman directed the traffic at the junction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T20:30:09.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5220" CreationDate="2014-03-11T01:32:29.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Bonísimo' es la forma tradicional, 'buenísimo' es un neologismo del siglo dieciocho que solo la sobrepaso a partir de los años sesenta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=bon%C3%ADsimo,buen%C3%ADsimo&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4;,bon%C3%ADsimo;,c0;,s0;;bon%C3%ADsimo;,c0;;Bon%C3%ADsimo;,c0;.t4;,buen%C3%ADsimo;,c0;,s0;;buen%C3%ADsimo;,c0;;Buen%C3%ADsimo;,c0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ngram&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T17:09:28.867" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T17:09:28.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5220" CreationDate="2014-03-11T08:41:44.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí está descrito el proceso → &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/como-se-hace-el-diccionario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/como-se-hace-el-diccionario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota relacionada: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/2043343/0/nuevo/diccionario/rae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/2043343/0/nuevo/diccionario/rae/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, tienen comisiones que proponen agregados, enmiendas o supresiones, y las academias americanas también proponen. Finalmente, deciden los “académicos de número” (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/la-institucion/los-academicos/academicos-de-numero/relacion-actual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este grupo&lt;/a&gt; de españoles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T08:41:44.677" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5217" CreationDate="2014-03-11T10:29:22.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &quot;oro&quot; is correct, I would say &quot;yo rezo para&quot; for the translation of &quot;...I pray ...&quot;. It sounds better for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2635" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T17:00:08.417" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T17:00:08.417" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5217" CreationDate="2014-03-11T11:39:31.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Oro que&quot; does not sound right. Better: &quot;oro para que&quot; or &quot;rezo para que&quot;. Less literal but more natural would be &quot;te suplico que&quot;, &quot;te pido que&quot; or &quot;te imploro que&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, in my experience (catholic) it's more usual that in that situation, where one prays as the voice of a group, the plural form is preferred: &quot;Te pedimos/te suplicamos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest (except for the missing accent noted by Emilio) is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T14:41:30.600" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T14:41:30.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5213" CreationDate="2014-03-11T14:48:12.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;dirigir&quot; refers to someone who give you specific directions. As an example, if I say &quot;El trabajo será dirigido por el señor Perez&quot;, it means that Mr. Perez will give specific instructions on how to do the work for the enterprise: first workers will clean their hands, then everyone have to check in at entrance, etc. &quot;Guiar&quot; is more like suggesting to someone. Example: &quot;el tutor los guiará durante el proceso&quot;. Refers to an advisor who will tell you wich books you &quot;would&quot; read, what exercise you would do to improve your performance. Take a look at the example that guys have written; every example of &quot;dirigir&quot; means someone give specific instructions (policeman is strict on gie instructions like: turn left, stop, etc), Juan manages an advertising company giving instructions to workes who have to do specific task, also who is very independent doesn´t want someone give her/him instructions on how to manage his life, but would accept some suggestions about it, because he/she could or couldn't accept it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T14:48:12.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5233" CreationDate="2014-03-11T16:14:16.430" Score="2" ViewCount="3063" Body="&lt;p&gt;The direct translation I found for &quot;batería&quot; is &quot;battery&quot; (makes sense), but in a list of musical instruments, what does it signify? Is it drums? Percussion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-11T16:45:19.700" LastActivityDate="2020-06-11T16:46:42.983" Title="What musical instrument is &quot;batería&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2014-03-11T16:18:59.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are right, it is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;(the) drums&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;set of drums&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a drum kit&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See examples at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/drums#examples_box&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/drums#examples_box&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2415" LastEditorUserId="2415" LastEditDate="2014-03-20T06:34:14.740" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T06:34:14.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5210" CreationDate="2014-03-11T16:32:09.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del idioma que es la gente con la que platicas y que aprende español, de esa manera puedes encontrar un símil en su lengua nativa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras veces es que simplemente se acostumbren al idioma practicándolo, escuchándolo y leyendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2621" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T16:32:09.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5213" CreationDate="2014-03-11T16:33:16.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dirigir&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. The spanish dictionary says (&lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=Dirigir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/definicion.php?palabra=Dirigir&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7 tr. Orientar, guiar, aconsejar a quien realiza un trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2415" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T16:33:16.523" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5243" CreationDate="2014-03-11T21:17:04.700" Score="11" ViewCount="3475" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;I want to party tonight&quot;?&#xA;Yo sé que se puede decir &quot;Quiero ir a una fiesta esta noche&quot;, pero estoy buscando un &lt;em&gt;verbo&lt;/em&gt; que tenga el mismo efecto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="2633" LastEditDate="2014-03-12T23:48:27.260" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T02:10:11.447" Title="¿Cuál es el verbo para &quot;party&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-11T21:28:27.757" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/festejar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Festejar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating your example, it would end up being something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Esta noche quiero festejar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &quot;Celebrar&quot;, which translates to &quot;Celebrate&quot;. It depends on the context. For this particular translation, I'd go with &quot;Festejar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that this answer is not aimed at a particular region, but instead, it's meant to be understood in any region, taking as reference the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, and taking into account that the question does not specify any location. As noted in the comments, it may be subject for misunderstandings in some places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T18:25:54.783" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-11T22:43:54.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia oirás &quot;rumbear&quot;, mientras que en México se usa &quot;reventarse&quot; y en España &quot;ir de fiesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T22:43:54.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5217" CreationDate="2014-03-11T23:51:27.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree, oro seems a little bit unnecessary, you could say&#xA;Amado Señor, que el Espíritu Santo permanezca con todos nosotros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the fact that you are praying for is determined by the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T23:51:27.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-12T03:26:48.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile se dice 'carretear', pero si quieres ser más neutro 'festejar' me parece mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2641" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T03:26:48.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-12T07:00:18.543" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otras posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir/Salir de fiesta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir/Salir de marcha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir/Salir de copas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir salir de juerga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir/Salir de parranda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en algunos contextos, simplemente &quot;salir&quot; es suficiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Por fin es viernes! ¡Esta noche salimos!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T12:02:29.907" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T12:02:29.907" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-12T08:21:49.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Parrandear&quot; es la traducción más correcta de &quot;party&quot; en el sentido de &quot;to go out and party&quot; o &quot;you party all day long&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Festejar&quot; significa lo mismo que &quot;celebrar&quot;, como &quot;to have a party&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2645" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T08:21:49.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-12T09:10:13.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es también posible decir &quot;Quiero irme de juerga&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2646" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T09:10:13.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-12T17:47:54.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra que tu buscas en mi tierra se dice de la siguiente manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PEDAAAAAAAAAAAAA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que significa irnos de juerga, irnos de peda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México sólo la gritas y todos te entenderán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que si festear es válido, también peda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2653" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T17:47:54.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5249" CreationDate="2014-03-12T22:33:56.573" Score="2" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translator says the sentence is this in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le lee un diario a ella = He reads her a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought it was &quot;You read her a book&quot; because it's unclear from the wording the gender of person who is reading the book and rather the person is being referred to by the word &quot;Usted&quot; implicitly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this right or has the translator made a mistake?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T17:01:36.560" Title="&quot;Le lee un diario a ella&quot; - Is the person who reads male or female?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2014-03-12T22:44:10.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the sentence you can't know who is reading, a male or a female.&#xA;'You read her a book' will translate as 'Le lees un diario a ella'&#xA;Le lee un diario a ella implies a third person&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T22:44:10.050" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2014-03-13T02:53:32.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation depends of the context. It coulb be:&#xA;-Usted le lee un diario a ella.&#xA;-Él le lee un diario a ella.&#xA;The meaning is the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2575" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T02:53:32.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2014-03-13T10:44:25.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence has more than one translation because the gender is not clear.&#xA;The translation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He reads her a journal&#xA;She reads her a journal &#xA;You read her a journal &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the gender is not clear it does not refer implicitly &quot;usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the translation of &quot;diario&quot; is journal not book. Book is a 'libro'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So except of the word 'diario', the tanslator was right, because he gave one possible translation of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2635" LastEditorUserId="2635" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T10:56:55.457" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T10:56:55.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2014-03-13T13:24:30.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Le lee un diario a ella&quot; is a phrase with an implicit subject. I think this is a figure that doesn't exist in english, where every phrase has to have it's subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish, however, it's possible to avoid writting the subject in phrases where the subject is obvious and well-known.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the subject should be &quot;Él&quot; or &quot;Ella&quot;, &quot;Él le lee un diario a ella/Ella le lee un diario&quot; (note that if we use &quot;Ella&quot; as subject we cannot use it as a complement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't need to use an explicit subject when both the speaker and the listener know who is the subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something similar happens with the use of pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we were telling this phrase to someone out of context we should use something similar to: &quot;Pedro le lee un diario a María&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the listener is in the context, he knows that Pedro is reading and María is listening, so the speaker doesn't need to use their names, he can use pronouns for both, and even totally avoid them: &quot;Le lee un libro&quot; will be a perfectly understandable phrase for someone aware of the context where it's said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="1309" LastEditDate="2014-03-24T17:01:36.560" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T17:01:36.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2014-03-13T20:14:17.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le lee un diario a ella = He reads her a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One cannot tell if &quot;Le&quot; is female or male due to the fact that is an indirect object.&#xA;therefore it could be Le (ella o el).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say &lt;code&gt;Ella le lee un diario a ella&lt;/code&gt;  or &lt;code&gt;El le lee un diario a ella&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2660" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T00:11:20.260" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T00:11:20.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5125" CreationDate="2014-03-13T20:30:31.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los dominicanos generalmente no decimos &lt;code&gt;bobo&lt;/code&gt; más bien &lt;code&gt;tonto&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;pendejo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pendejo&lt;/code&gt; puede ser ofensivo a veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo depende de la connotación que se le de y claro, de la confianza que tengas con la persona que hablas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2660" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T00:05:47.080" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T00:05:47.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2014-03-13T21:06:55.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Festejar,&#xA;pero los Colombianos dicen &quot;rumbear&quot;, o sea, irse de Rumba o de fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2660" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-03-19T09:23:02.480" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T09:23:02.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2014-03-13T21:39:35.803" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un nombre muy popular en América Latina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2660" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T21:39:35.803" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2014-03-13T22:38:15.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;you have nothing to thank me for&quot;. It's meant in an endearing way..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2662" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T17:24:54.463" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T17:24:54.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2014-03-14T00:31:29.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a French first name from old Gothic origin (&lt;strong&gt;Amalric&lt;/strong&gt;). It has many variations including &lt;strong&gt;Aymeric&lt;/strong&gt; (French), &lt;strong&gt;Amalrich&lt;/strong&gt; (German), &lt;strong&gt;Imre&lt;/strong&gt; (Hungarian), &lt;strong&gt;Emery&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Emerson&lt;/strong&gt; (English), &lt;strong&gt;Américo/Emérico&lt;/strong&gt; (Spanish) and  &lt;strong&gt;Amerigho/Amerigo&lt;/strong&gt; (Italian) from which the &lt;strong&gt;Americas&lt;/strong&gt; take their name (Americo Vespucci). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T00:31:29.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5261" CreationDate="2014-03-14T04:31:12.927" Score="7" ViewCount="1289" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve leyendo un artículo en inglés y me encontré con esta frase. Según he buscado, &lt;code&gt;real estate&lt;/code&gt; significa &lt;code&gt;bienes raíces&lt;/code&gt;, pero traduciendo esta frase de manera literal a &lt;code&gt;irse a bienes raíces&lt;/code&gt; no le encuentro sentido en español. ¿Alguien ha usado o sabe que significa esta expresión? Indico la oración en inglés (adaptada) donde lo encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some of them were even thinking that perhaps they should have gone into real estate instead of enduring another one of these reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2664" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T16:40:03.877" Title="¿Como se entiende &quot;go into real estate&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5259" CreationDate="2014-03-14T06:15:01.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo el &lt;code&gt;have gone into something&lt;/code&gt; como adentrarse en algo, como lo diríamos en Cuba es &lt;code&gt;entrar/meterse en el negocio de bienes raíces&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede variar depende del contexto, no creo o no conozco que haya una traducción literal para esa frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T16:40:03.877" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T16:40:03.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5259" CreationDate="2014-03-14T09:03:23.803" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En relación a esa frase en particular, estoy de acuerdo con @EmilioGort, me suena a &lt;code&gt;meterse en el negocio del sector inmobiliario/bienes raíces&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se necesitaría algo más de contexto, ya que la frase completa por sí no nos da un sentido completo, podría ser algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some of them were even thinking that perhaps they should have gone into real estate instead of enduring another one of these reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducción (aquí considero que review es una reunión de análisis, a las que, en algunos sitios, se les suele llamar con ese mismo nombre en español):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos de ellos habían incluso llegado a pensar que deberían haberse metido en el negocio del sector inmobiliario antes que aguantar otra de esas reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T09:03:23.803" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1666" CreationDate="2014-03-14T20:48:22.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though this is an old post i love chatting about the Spanish Bible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with your analysis that alot of Spanish Bibles are translated using old Spanish vernacular or just the modern Castilian Spanish of Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bible Translation has to be approched different than just normal translations because you have to take into account the copies of the original text to remain true to the Word of God. From what i have seen alot of modern Spanish translations have abandonded the true text for a much older Egyptian origin texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend the RV 1602 Purified even though it uses the older Spanish vernacular it remains true to the Textus Receptus line of manuscripts which is based on the Majority Text which is a Byzantine Text-Type which has its origins among the original autographs which are the largest number of manuscripts that agree with one another versus the Critial Text line of manuscripts that has its origin in Egypt known as the Alexandrian Text-Type. It also differs from the Byzantine Text-Type in about 3000 places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not found any Hispanic vernacular Bibles like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lockman.org/nblhinfo/nblhprin.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NBLH&lt;/a&gt; that are true to the Textus Receptus but use the Dead Sea Scrolls &amp;amp; Nestle Aland Novum Testamentum Graece. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working on a Spanish Bible translation that uses a Hispanic vernacular like ustedes son instead of vosotros sois and that is Textus Receptus based. If you want to help you can contact me at barry.b.smith AT gmail.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2666" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T20:48:22.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5264" CreationDate="2014-03-14T21:49:07.377" Score="5" ViewCount="13515" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused about when &quot;se&quot; should be used. I thought it would always go before a like here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se mejora a su coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I see here that it is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él observa a su hija&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, when is &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; used before the verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-03-15T01:47:27.453" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T21:25:09.840" Title="When is &quot;se&quot; used before a verb?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5263" CreationDate="2014-03-15T12:34:12.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Emilio's links are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will focus on the wide use of &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; as reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; can be translated as the third person pronoun, like the reflexive pronouns &lt;code&gt;himself, herself, itself, themselves&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él/Ella se mejora su coche --&gt; He/She improved his/her car&#xA;himself/herself&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡La mesa se mueve sola! ¡Es magia! --&gt; The table moves itself! It's&#xA;    magic!  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se alimentaron en el restaurante --&gt; They fed themselves at the&#xA;restaurant&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your first example you can drop the reflexive pronoun and everybody will understand you, it is just extra information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example you mention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él observa a su hija --&gt; He watches her daughter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are asking about &lt;em&gt;Él se observa a su hija&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; is indirect of the person who is doing the action (&lt;code&gt;Él&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se observa a su hija&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; He watches by himself to her daughter / He watches her daughter (by) himself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not English but it sounds a bit strange to add &lt;code&gt;himself&lt;/code&gt; here. In English I remember you can use &lt;code&gt;himself / by himself / for himself&lt;/code&gt; but here it is useless. You can apply the same thing to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I won't be wrong if I ask you to put in these sentences the pronoun &lt;em&gt;themselves&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las enfermeras están vigilando a los chicos --&gt; The nurses are watching the children.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las enfermeras se están vigilando a los chicos (not correct) --&gt;The&#xA;nurses themselves are watching the children (Watching includes the&#xA;nurses on the action, you do not need the pronoun)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las enfermeras están vigilando a los chicos por sí mismas --&gt; The&#xA;nurses are watching the children by themselves. (Correct... but they are nurses&#xA;everybody knows the children will be ok, they are capable of, do you really need it on both sentences? )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; has several uses, if you are learning Spanish in the future the other uses of &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; will become familiar to you but right now as a starting point I think it is enough to know its use as reflexive pronoun, it is quite usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other uses you can use this website &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/verbs/a/passive_se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se venden oro y plata&lt;/em&gt;, although translated literally would mean &quot;gold and silver sell themselves,&quot; can be understood to mean &quot;gold and silver are sold&quot; or even &quot;gold and silver for sale,&quot; neither of which specify who is doing the selling. &lt;em&gt;Se sirve desayuno&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;breakfast is served.&quot; And &lt;em&gt;se alquila&lt;/em&gt;, which might be seen as a sign on a building or object, means simply &quot;for rent.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I am learning English so this answer can contain errors when it comes about translations and different uses of pronouns in English examples&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T21:25:09.840" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T21:25:09.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5266" CreationDate="2014-03-15T12:40:55.303" Score="0" ViewCount="479" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me alegro de no estudiar: la mejor escuela es el teatro. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Literally?!:) &lt;em&gt;I am glad to not study: the best school is the theater.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; used in this example? Is &lt;em&gt;que (that)&lt;/em&gt; a reasonable alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T09:45:50.967" Title="'de' in Yo me alegro de no estudiar" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5265" CreationDate="2014-03-15T13:46:20.550" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions in both languages are not equal, it is a nightmare for Spanish people to learn English prepositions, and viceversa can happen the same ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;To&lt;/code&gt; can be translated as &lt;code&gt;a, de, hacia, ...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De&lt;/code&gt; can be translated to &lt;code&gt;from, of, to, by, ...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I give you the case &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which are the effects of not studying ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuales son los efectos de no estudiar ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see estudiar on his infinitive form is preceded by de and in English, gerund is preceded by of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A trick is mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/verbs/a/infinitive_prep.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One of the most common uses of infinitives is as the object of a preposition. When used in such a way, &lt;strong&gt;the infinitive is often the rough equivalent of the English gerund, that is, the &quot;-ing&quot; form of the verb, and can be translated in that way&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; would not be correct ¿&lt;em&gt;Me alegro que no estudiar&lt;/em&gt;?. If you put an example it would be better. &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; is used as &lt;code&gt;that/who/which&lt;/code&gt; when you use it as relative pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The person who/that found me was very kind --&gt; La persona que me encontró era muy amable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The students that study will pass the exam --&gt; Los estudiantes que estudien aprobaran el examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-03-24T09:45:50.967" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T09:45:50.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5269" CreationDate="2014-03-15T16:20:21.190" Score="1" ViewCount="1239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought that you were supposed to use the conjugated version of &lt;code&gt;comer&lt;/code&gt; when referring to the subject, but I see sentences formed like the first example. So what is the difference between both sentences? Which is the correct one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T20:45:42.293" Title="What is the difference between &quot;No puedo comer&quot; and &quot;No puedo como&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5270" CreationDate="2014-03-16T00:30:41.840" Score="6" ViewCount="3614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are two examples where &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; are meant to translate to &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Dónde tengo que dejar los documentos?&lt;/code&gt; = Where do I have to leave the documents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Es imposible de saber&lt;/code&gt; = It is impossible to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; mean &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; in these sentences. My question is what is the difference such that one must be used over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-03-16T01:04:49.807" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T13:52:36.090" Title="What is the difference between using &quot;de&quot; and &quot;que&quot; for the English word &quot;to&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5267" CreationDate="2014-03-16T18:30:15.623" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, the correct answer is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &quot;I can not eat&quot;. Then, &quot;No puedo como&quot; will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can't as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the main difference between these sentences is that &quot;&lt;code&gt;comer&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is a verb (to eat) and &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; is a comparison element. However, &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; belongs to the verb to eat as well. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No como carne = I don't eat meat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No como la misma carne como mi padre = I don't eat the same meat than my father&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, the first person of the verb &quot;&lt;code&gt;comer&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; (Yo como) but &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; is also a comparison element. Hope i helped you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2668" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T18:30:15.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5268" CreationDate="2014-03-16T18:59:48.957" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I need to say that's a really good question that Spanish learners ask often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well when you say in Spanish &lt;code&gt;¿Dónde tengo que dejar los documentos?&lt;/code&gt; you're actually asking a question: Where &lt;strong&gt;do I have&lt;/strong&gt; to leave the documents?. It's an obligation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas, &lt;strong&gt;es imposible de saber&lt;/strong&gt; it's an informative sentence, I mean, you're saying that &lt;strong&gt;It's&lt;/strong&gt; impossible to know, without any reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the main difference between &lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;De&lt;/code&gt; is they are used depending the verbs and the context of the sentence. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If say something that I have to do, let's say, my homeworks I'll say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo que hacer mis deberes (I have to do my homework)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I say something that's not an obligation; a normal sentence it will be, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las respuestas a mis deberes son imposibles de saber (It's impossible to know the answers to my homework)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; element is mostly used to say something you &lt;strong&gt;have to do&lt;/strong&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; element is used for informative sentences. Hope it helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2668" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-03-24T13:52:36.090" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T13:52:36.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5210" CreationDate="2014-03-17T07:43:18.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posibilidad es la de usar el mismo verbo en forma transitiva e intransitiva. Por ejemplo, con el verbo &quot;llevar&quot; puedes construir estas dos frases, donde &quot;Rosa&quot; en cada caso es objeto directo o indirecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Lleva a Rosa este libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Lleva a Rosa a la estación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la gente con la que hablas es de habla inglesa o conoce el inglés, una de las gracias de este ejemplo es que se podría traducir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Take Rosa this book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Take Rosa to the station.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el primer paso tiene que ser entender cómo en estas dos frases, la acción del verbo recae directamente sobre &quot;Rosa&quot; en el segundo caso (ergo &quot;Rosa&quot; es objeto directo), y cómo en el primero, a pesar de la similitud de la frase, la acción de &quot;llevar&quot; no recae directamente sobre &quot;Rosa&quot; (ergo objeto indirecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Busca a Pedro en el hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Busca a Pedro un hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El aprendiz debería comprender que en cada caso &quot;Pedro&quot; tiene una función muy distinta. En la primera la acción recae sobre &quot;Pedro&quot; (o dicho de otro modo, Pedro es el buscado), y en el segundo recae sobre el hotel (lo que buscamos es un hotel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que sea de utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2012" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T07:43:18.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-17T14:11:55.973" Score="1" ViewCount="1032" Body="&lt;p&gt;What if I cannot hear a tiny difference between similar Spanish sounds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I still go on studying Spanish if I cannot distinguish tiny differences between similar Spanish words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pino y vino&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;poca y boca&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cama y gama.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once asked a native speaker to speak those words slowly and clearly, but unfortunately I was unable to distinguish them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I continue to studying Spanish if I can't &lt;em&gt;speak&lt;/em&gt; them correctly？&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2672" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T14:28:35.917" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T02:45:53.913" Title="What if I cannot hear a tiny difference between similar Spanish sounds?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-28T21:05:44.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-03-17T14:47:14.240" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Spanish is difficult to see the difference between words like &lt;em&gt;sheet - shit , sheep - ship, leave - live, this - these, it - eat&lt;/em&gt;. Short i vs long e sounds equals most of the times, when I pronounce it I have to think about it and even that I still ask to myself If I am right, but I do not give up, it is something you have to deal when you learn a new language and the more you listen-practice the best would be for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/ sound is similar to your /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/ on s/&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/it, /&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;/ is softer than in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tricks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you put your hand in front of your mouth /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/ provokes air and /&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;/ no. Like in English /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/in vs /&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;/in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you put your hand in front of your mouth /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/ on&#xA;s/&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/it provokes less air than in /&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;/ut.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T14:47:14.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-03-17T17:12:02.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everyone has an accent or dialect, and some even have a speech impediment like a lisp.  There is no perfect way to pronounce a language.  As long as you can put together the right syllables in the right order (with the right intonation), you can be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be no different if you were an American traveling to small-town Ireland or Scotland or some Cockney dialect in England.  All regions slur their words into something that works and evolves for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, you should not be discouraged from learning Spanish simply because you cannot notice the subtle differences in similar sounding words.  Furthermore, the context of the speech should allow you to make the best guess as to what they are saying. For instance, &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Pongo la comida en mi boca&lt;/code&gt;.  If you hear the sentence and think for some odd reason that the speaker said &lt;code&gt;Pongo la comida en mi poca&lt;/code&gt;, then you need to practice your Spanish more and more.  Context is everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I come from a very redneck, mountainous, Appalachian area in the United States so I have heard A LOT of mispronunciations throughout my life, some of which I doubt any foreigner would catch onto.  For example, I often hear the old-timers around here say &lt;code&gt;Nary&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;Not even&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Ni siquiera&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=nary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.google.com/search?q=nary&lt;/a&gt; -- which could easily be confused for &lt;code&gt;Merry&lt;/code&gt;, something completely different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more regions you visit (Spanish speaking) and the more dialects you communicate to, the more you will recognize the subtleties and differences, like how Castillian Spanish in Spain makes a 'th' sound for the 'S' sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T03:51:53.600" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T03:51:53.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5263" CreationDate="2014-03-17T21:32:57.797" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Reflexivo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reflexivo significa que la misma persona que hace la acción la recibe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;suicidarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;especializarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;arrepentirse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;asombrarse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atreverse a&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;burlarse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;darse cuenta de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;empeñarse en&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enterarse de equivocarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;portarse bien / mal&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;resignarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quejarse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay otros que conocemos como reflexivos pero también pueden ser&#xA;  transitivos, es decir pasar su acción a otra cosa o persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cambiarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;vestirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lavarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cepillarse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me cambio todos los días y cambio mi dinero en el banco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aburrirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;alegrarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cansarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enojarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;divertirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;molestarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;preocuparse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;interesarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sorprenderse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;asustarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;entristecerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enfermarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hincharse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mejorarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;curarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pararse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sentarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;acostarse&lt;/code&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También están los que nos indican un consumo total de algo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tomarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;comerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;beberse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;devorarse&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reflexive verbs are, in my opinion, the easiest &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; to grasp.  Translated to English, a sentence with a reflexive verb will have the word &lt;code&gt;self&lt;/code&gt; in there somewhere, and if not, the sentence will indeed express some kind of emotion.  In English, we say that we want to &lt;code&gt;Take a bath/shower&lt;/code&gt; when in Spanish you would bathe or shower yourself... or someone else even.  &lt;code&gt;Quiero ducharme&lt;/code&gt; -- &lt;code&gt;I want to take a shower.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the bottom of the list above are some other reflexives that do not express emotion, but rather, consumption of some kind, whether it be yourself or something else, a consumption of ... all of it... as the quote says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nos indican un consumo total de algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We're eating all of the pizza / Nos comemos la pizza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;He drank the whole thing! / ¡Él se lo tomó!.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Recíproco.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Implica una acción y dos personas realizándola al mismo tiempo.( Ellos= se). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;amarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quererse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;llamarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;besarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;abrazarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;admirarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tocarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;odiarse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call this the opposite of a Reflexive verb.  These are personal verbs that involve another subject, as the definition suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Accidental.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se usa para expresar la realización de una acción de manera accidental&#xA;  o donde el sujeto no quiere asumir la responsabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Romperse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;perderse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;olvidarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;caerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quemarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;doblarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quebrarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;abrirse&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;descomponerse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish language, for some reason, they do not accept the blame.  You don't forget your wallet, your wallet forgets you.  It's strange, but it's true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Impersonal.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo usamos cuando no sabemos o no queremos o no importa quien hace la&#xA;  acción, sirve para expresar generalizaciones. Comúnmente aparece en la&#xA;  tercera persona singular con verbos intransitivos sin embargo también&#xA;  aparecen con algunos transitivos que se toman como “impersonales”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Intransitivo. Se vive bien en Querétaro &#xA;Transitivo. Se habla español en México.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will often hear this usage when you are asked how to say something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice ... potato... en español?`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using English as an example you can see the trend used in this form of SE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we use &quot;they&quot; or &quot;you&quot; a lot to explain instructions, or advertisements, or, mainly, just to generalize... in some cases, &quot;we&quot;... as in &lt;code&gt;We sell furniture&lt;/code&gt;... translated to &lt;code&gt;Se vende muebles&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other English examples -- in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We speak Spanish (like the signs outside of a business)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se habla español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You open it with a fork (instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se la abre con tenedor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They say the homework is hard (generalize)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se dice es dificil la tarea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You don't say it like that (instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No se lo dice así&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This impersonal &quot;se&quot; is a bit tricky to get used to.  I still use it incorrectly to this day, even after 15+ years of practice and education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Taken from my Advanced Spanish Manual, written by Veronica Martinez of ITESM Querétaro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-02-22T19:51:40.780" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T19:51:40.780" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1882" CreationDate="2014-03-18T02:31:29.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they do not precede the other consonant, form the plural with -es. And example is &quot;dócil&quot;; it becomes &quot;dóciles&quot;. However, words such as &quot;bufanda&quot; (scarf), end with a vowel. In this case, you can simply just add an &quot;s&quot; at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2674" LastEditorUserId="2633" LastEditDate="2014-03-20T22:03:03.707" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T22:03:03.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2014-03-18T06:15:58.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bateria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bateria&lt;/a&gt; means “drum kit” in Portuguese and Spanish.  The term is also used to refer to a group of people (drummers, for the most part) who play &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batucada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;batucada&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2675" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T06:15:58.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5268" CreationDate="2014-03-18T08:53:59.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's certainly a tricky question, and probably what's throwing you off is that &quot;de&quot; in your second example is attached to &quot;imposible&quot;. It is used as a connector between the adjective (imposible, difícil, fácil, rápido) and the verb (in infinitive tense) that it's affecting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in your first example, that &quot;que&quot; is a conjunction that links the main sentence (¿Dónde tengo XXXXX?) with the subordinate sentence (...que dejar los documentos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their purposes are completely different, and it's a coincidence (as far as I know) that the second &quot;de&quot; in english as to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't try and draw a relation between them because they're translated the same. If I knew more about english, I could probably tell why &quot;to&quot; is used in both, but don't let that coincidence make you think there is any relation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I could clarify this up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-03-23T22:59:13.950" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T22:59:13.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5267" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:08:59.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo comer is the direct translation of &quot;I cannot eat&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you conjugate the verb &quot;poder&quot; as &quot;puedo&quot; you are already conjugating the main syntactical verb in the predicate. In this case, &quot;comer&quot; is not the main verb in the sentence and must not be conjugated to match the subject &quot;yo&quot;. This particular construction is a &quot;perífrasis verbal&quot;, verbal periphrasis, where the first verb (&quot;poder&quot;) is an auxiliary verb which modifies the meaning of the second verb (&quot;comer&quot;), which has the real meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the verb with the meaning (comer) is not conjugated, whereas the auxiliary verb (poder) is the one conjugated in the sentence. This happens with all verbal periphrasis: &quot;Yo te pido salir&quot; (I ask you to exit), &quot; Te sugieren aparecer&quot; (They suggest you appear), etc, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you might be able to grasp why this is this way if you think of the verbe &quot;poder&quot; as &quot;to be able to&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no puedo comer = I am not able to eat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, in english you also use an infinitive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I could help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:08:59.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:18:33.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, &quot;batería&quot; refers to the drums, but it is also used to talk about &quot;the drummer&quot;, that is, the person playing the drums&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:18:33.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:26:35.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's going to be hard to keep learning until you can distinguish those sounds, but fortunately, it's a question of time. Keep at it, keep hearing clear samples of the words and soon you will be able to differentiate between them. It's the same for anyone trying to learn a language which uses uncommon (for them) sounds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So work on it and you will overcome it soon enough!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:26:35.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:52:17.110" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the best translation for Most Games Played in terms of video games?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2677" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T17:35:00.443" Title="Translating &quot;Most Games Played&quot; Accurately?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5282" CreationDate="2014-03-18T10:42:03.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most accurate translation for me would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Juegos más jugados&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Videojuegos más jugados&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="2210" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T22:09:42.957" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T22:09:42.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2014-03-18T12:46:34.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The direct translation I found for &quot;batería&quot; is &quot;battery&quot; (makes&#xA;  sense)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does it make sense?  Is it because batería sounds like &lt;code&gt;battery&lt;/code&gt;?  That wouldn't merit any sense; comparing it to the English sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes sense that &lt;code&gt;batería&lt;/code&gt; would mean drums because the verb &lt;code&gt;batir&lt;/code&gt; means... &lt;code&gt;to beat&lt;/code&gt;, which can also mean to &lt;code&gt;strike&lt;/code&gt;... as in to strike a match.    Batería literally would mean a striker (to an engine, to the drums, to a person, etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;batería : &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=OFRgrNsMWDXX2ykpUc7x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=OFRgrNsMWDXX2ykpUc7x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;batir : &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=94EX430WrDXX2NTXeynu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=94EX430WrDXX2NTXeynu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, ... now it makes sense that batería would mean battery, not because they sound similar but because they both stem from the same root latin word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have a baseball bat, but it is not the same as a vampire bat; a creature that doesn't beat anything... other than its wings maybe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-11T16:46:42.983" LastActivityDate="2020-06-11T16:46:42.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5282" CreationDate="2014-03-18T14:31:44.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mmmm tricky one because Spanish doesn't differentiate between &quot;Games&quot; (Juegos) and &quot;Play&quot; (Jugar) as you can see, it is the same for the verb (Jugar) and the pronoun (Juego), and in Spanish redundancy (use of similar words in a sentence) is not recommended (but allowed). In this way the sentence &quot;Juegos más jugados&quot; it is just a little not common but allowed. Another one could be &quot;Juegos más usados&quot;. As an example, it would be common hear &quot;Candy Crush es uno de los juegos más usados hoy en día&quot; (Candy Crush is on of the most played games nowadays&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1920" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T14:31:44.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5282" CreationDate="2014-03-18T15:24:34.570" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is a confusion here. Just in case, the translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Most Games Played&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;La mayoría de juegos/videojuegos jugados&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Most Played Games&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;Juegos/Videojuegos más jugados&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T15:24:34.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5282" CreationDate="2014-03-18T19:17:46.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could also refer to the number of times you have played a specific game: For example, in soccer, or football, you'd say &quot;he's played most of the games in the season&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Most games played -&gt; Más partidos jugados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it were a videogame or boardgame, then the word &quot;partida&quot; is used, and so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Most games played -&gt; Más partidas jugadas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is complementary to the other answers, but I think this last answer is the one you're looking for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Responding to the comment below. No, not really. Again, look at my example: &quot;He's played 15 games this season&quot;, talking about sports, doesn't mean 15 different games, but 15 different matches. So, in some contexts, game would be translated to partido/partida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-03-20T09:52:35.767" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T09:52:35.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5210" CreationDate="2014-03-18T19:21:14.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener cuidado con las preguntas &quot;a quién, para quién&quot; y ciertos verbos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede uno preguntar : ¿A quién le gusta el chocolate? --&gt; A mí -&gt; Me complemento indirecto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si se pregunta ¿Qué me gusta? --&gt; El chocolate --&gt; Chocolate: complemento directo, estaríamos cometiendo un error, ya que chocolate es el sujeto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente, cuidado con este método. Sustituir por pronombres o convertir la oración en pasiva son métodos más seguros para encontrar el complemento directo/indirecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Me acabo de dar cuenta de que pides un método. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Convertir la oración en pasiva SIEMPRE te proporciona el complemento directo, ya que este se convierte en el sujeto en la oración en forma pasiva. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo traigo un libro -&gt; Un libro es traído por mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T19:21:14.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5265" CreationDate="2014-03-18T19:31:54.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the case you mention, &quot;Alegrarse de&quot; it's one of the ways of using the verb. It would be the equivalent of &quot;Being happy about&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand, its akin to the phrasal verbs in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wouldn't be happy OF something, but you would be happy about, for, that, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, &quot;de&quot; is one of the most complicated prepositions to learn, as it is used in a loooot of cases. Check the list of uses (as preposition) listed by the Real Academia dictionary: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota posesión o pertenencia. La casa de mi padre. La paciencia de Job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para crear diversas locuciones adverbiales de modo. Almorzó de pie. Le dieron de puñaladas. Se viste de prestado. Lo conozco de vista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota de dónde es, viene o sale alguien o algo. La piedra es de Colmenar. Vengo de Aranjuez. No sale de casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota la materia de que está hecho algo. El vaso de plata. El vestido de seda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para señalar lo contenido en algo. Un vaso de agua. Un plato de asado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota asunto o materia. Este libro trata de la última guerra. Una clase de matemáticas. Hablaban de la boda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota la causa u origen de algo. Murió de viruelas. Fiebre del heno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para expresar la naturaleza, condición o cualidad de alguien o algo. Hombre de valor. Entrañas de fiera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para determinar o fijar con mayor viveza la aplicación de un nombre apelativo. El mes de noviembre. La ciudad de Sevilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. desde (‖ con idea de punto en el espacio o en el tiempo). De Madrid a Toledo. Abierto de nueve a una.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. precedida de sustantivo, adjetivo o adverbio, y seguida de infinitivo. Es hora de caminar. Harto de trabajar. Lejos de pensar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. seguida de infinitivo con valor condicional. De saberlo antes, habría venido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. precedida de un verbo para formar perífrasis verbales. Dejó de estudiar. Acaba de llegar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. con ciertos nombres para determinar el tiempo en que sucede algo. De madrugada. De mañana. De noche. De viejo. De niño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para reforzar un calificativo. El bueno de Pedro. El pícaro del mozo. La taimada de la patrona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. como nota de ilación. De esto se sigue. De aquello se infiere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. con valor partitivo. Dame un poco de agua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. Denota la rápida ejecución de algo. De UN trago se bebió la tisana. De UN salto se puso en la calle. Acabemos de UNA vez.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. entre distintas partes de la oración con expresiones de lástima, queja o amenaza. ¡Pobre de mi hermano! ¡Ay de los vencidos!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para la creación de locuciones prepositivas a partir de adverbios, nombres, etc. Antes de. Respecto de. Alrededor de. A diferencia de.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. también combinada con otras preposiciones. De a tres. De a bordo. De por sí. Por de pronto. Tras de sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. en ciertas construcciones con el agente de la pasiva. Acompañado de sus amigos. Dejado de la mano de Dios. Está abrumado de deudas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. U. para introducir el término de la comparación. He comido más de lo debido. Es peor de lo que pensaba. Ahora escribe más de veinte artículos al año.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. con (‖ con idea de medio, modo o instrumento para hacer algo). Lo hizo de intento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. para. Gorro de dormir. Ropa de deporte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. por. Lo hice de miedo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prep. ant. a2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry TOO much about it, you will be learning the use slowly :) The first THREE definitions given there cover most cases, in case you want to learn those first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T19:31:54.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2014-03-18T20:05:47.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title of this book in English is also Amaury.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cadytech.com/dumas/work.php?key=11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find two reviews of the book in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the first review, I can tell Amaury de Leoville is the main character in this book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second review, you can find a list of English translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amaury,&quot; New York, Harper, 1845, pp. 106. Tr. By E.P.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amaury,&quot; London, Methuen, 1904, sewed, pp. 132. Another edition, with coloured plates by Gordon Browne. 1904. Reprinted, same firm, 18mo., 1921, pp. 317. In the reprint the introduction is wrongly ascribed to &quot;R.S.G.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amaury,&quot; London, Collins Bros., pp. 319, 1930.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T20:05:47.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5293" CreationDate="2014-03-18T23:02:16.770" Score="6" ViewCount="10028" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a entender a la maestra. (We are going to understand the teacher)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember seeing in a similar sentence the word &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; being used instead of &lt;code&gt;a la&lt;/code&gt;. So are these two ways of referencing the person interchangeable? Or are there specific contexts in which one must be used over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T23:15:00.317" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T17:54:27.200" Title="What is the difference between &quot;al&quot; and &quot;a la&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5292" CreationDate="2014-03-18T23:32:22.770" Score="13" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a entender &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a la&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; maestra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;code&gt;a la maestra&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; is a definite article (femenino singular-&amp;gt;feminine singular) that you put before of a noun to indicate this noun is known to the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a entender &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; maestro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; is the contraction of &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; is a definite article (masculino singular-&amp;gt;masculine singular) that you put before of a noun to indicate this noun is known to the speaker.  Unlike in English, where contractions are optional (&lt;code&gt;will not&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;won't&lt;/code&gt; are grammatically interchangeable), the use of the contraction &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; is obligatory in Spanish (as is the contraction &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt;, which means &lt;code&gt;de el&lt;/code&gt;), except when the &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; is part of a proper noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vamos &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a El&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Salvador.  &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; Vamos &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Salvador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be sure not to confuse &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; (it) with &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; (him/he).  &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt; is never shortened:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vamos a verlo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are five definite articles in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Masculine singular -&amp;gt; el&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Masculine plural -&amp;gt; los&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feminine singular -&amp;gt; la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feminine plural -&amp;gt; las&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Neuter singular -&amp;gt; lo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/grammar/a/neuter.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Note&lt;/a&gt; that although in Spanish nouns are either masculine or feminine, it is possible to use the definite article &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; to construct a neuter form. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta lo francés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like French things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to edit if you see any errors in my attempt in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T15:00:17.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-19T09:10:39.143" Score="3" ViewCount="671" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Roberto Bolaño book &lt;em&gt;2666&lt;/em&gt; there is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.megustaleer.com.uy/libros/2666/MES-080357/fragmento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;excerpt&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sus reservas, su discreción rayana en una quimérica omertà de viejo nazi que &lt;strong&gt;huele al lobo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean? In Google I only found this search result: &quot;La abuela huele a lobo&quot;. I do not think that there is a literal meaning to it (e.g. that something smells of a wolf). What does it mean then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2683" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-21T19:22:59.040" LastActivityDate="2019-07-21T19:22:59.040" Title="What does &quot;huele al lobo&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado-en-contexto&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5294" CreationDate="2014-03-19T11:03:37.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I understand is that a person that &quot;huele al lobo&quot; knows that somebody is not a good person and is not going to be tricked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of Little Red Riding Hood. If she had &quot;oler al lobo&quot; when arrived to grandma's house she would have run away. I suppose the expression comes from that story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Reading it again I realized that it can have a more simple meaning. &quot;Lobo&quot; can be a metaphor to say danger (wolves are not friendly animals). So &quot;oler al lobo&quot; can mean to know a danger is coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T18:37:29.913" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:37:29.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5294" CreationDate="2014-03-19T15:36:49.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Equal expressions in English, would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Something smells fishy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Something smells wrong&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:36:49.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5214" CreationDate="2014-03-19T15:38:19.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another translation I would suggest uses the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/conservar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Conservar&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, according to its third definition in RAE's dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.tr. Continuar la práctica de costumbres, virtudes y cosas semejantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my suggestion is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayúdanos a conservar un buen sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;Closely related to the context of the sentence we are dealing with here, for example when you are already talking about keeping that good sense of humor in former paragraphs, then you should use de definite article, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayúdanos a conservar el buen sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:38:19.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5282" CreationDate="2014-03-20T17:35:00.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The straight translation, taking into account you're talking about videogames, would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más juegos jugados &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(meaning, someone played more games than anyone else, &quot;más&quot; here is not used in the comparative sense &quot;más que&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating it as &quot;La mayoría de los juegos jugados&quot;, as is proposed in another answer supposes that you're really trying to translate the sentence &quot;Most OF THE games played&quot;. That could be true in a casual setting. You would need to provide a bit more information on where you're finding this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T17:35:00.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5303" CreationDate="2014-03-20T21:21:04.897" Score="3" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo un correo orientado a negocios. Quiero decir &quot;Desafortunadamente, blah blah blah, porque bleh bleh bleh&quot;, con el objetivo de dar a conocer un hecho que no es beneficioso para la otra parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba si no existiría alguna frase que pudiera funcionar como alternativa, ya que encuentro ésta muy negativa. Simplemente, no es bueno para el negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias de antemano!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final del día decidí no usar palabra alguna para introducir la frase en cuestión, sino que use una frase positiva y luego simplemente expuse la parte negativa; algo como &quot;Blah blah blah, pero bleh bleh bleh&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastEditorUserId="2633" LastEditDate="2014-03-21T02:20:23.690" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T02:20:23.690" Title="Alternativas menos negativas a &quot;desafortunadamente&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5302" CreationDate="2014-03-20T22:43:59.393" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una opción que no suena tan negativa es introducir la &quot;noticia&quot; directamente con una frase, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No ha sido posible&lt;/strong&gt; blah blah blah, porque bleh bleh bleh.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Lamento comunicarles que&lt;/strong&gt; blah blah blah, porque bleh bleh bleh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello, dado que los sinónimos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/desafortunado&quot;&gt;desafortunado&lt;/a&gt; tienen todos, como es de esperarse, una connotación negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T22:43:59.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5294" CreationDate="2014-03-20T23:06:26.237" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to give a different interpretation from some of the other answers. For this, we need to look at a larger portion of the original text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[...] detalle que al Suavo no le pasó desapercibido y que más bien contribuyó a agudizar su timidez [...], sus reservas, su discreción rayana en una quimérica omertà de viejo nazi que huele al lobo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text above could be translated into English as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a detail that Suavo did not miss and that contributed to intensify his shyness, his natural reserve, his discretion bordering a chimeric omertà of an old nazi that smells a wolf&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/omert%C3%A0?q=omerta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;omertà&lt;/a&gt; is &quot;(amongst the Mafia) a code of silence about criminal activity and a refusal to give evidence to the police&quot; and &lt;strong&gt;smells a wolf&lt;/strong&gt; is used figuratively as in &quot;smells danger&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suavo felt he was being observed and reacted with the utmost discretion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oler al lobo&lt;/strong&gt; (smell a wolf) should not be confused with &lt;strong&gt;oler a lobo&lt;/strong&gt; (smell like a wolf).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-20T23:35:43.613" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T23:35:43.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5267" CreationDate="2014-03-21T20:45:42.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very easy. In English you say &quot;I could not go&quot; instead of &quot;I could not went&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just think in the same way in Spanish. The way infinitives are used here is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T20:45:42.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5307" CreationDate="2014-03-21T22:13:47.723" Score="0" ViewCount="576" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este gran libro es el resultado de años de trabajo duro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  = This great book is the result of years of hard work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;code&gt;trabajar&lt;/code&gt; being conjugated to the &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt; form? Is the sentence trying to say &quot;This great book is the result of years of &lt;strong&gt;my own&lt;/strong&gt; hard work&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-03-21T22:21:07.533" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T21:14:38.343" Title="Why is trabajar being conjugated here?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5306" CreationDate="2014-03-21T22:58:49.277" Score="10" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;trabajar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; being conjugated to the &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;yo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; form?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short answer is: no, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;trabajar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; is not being conjugated there. In fact, in &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;años de trabajo duro&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;trabajo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; a verb, it is a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few examples of use of &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;trabajo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; as a noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi equipo aprecia mi trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; (My team appreciates my work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;María está en el trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; (Mary is at work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El trabajo de oficina es aburrido&lt;/strong&gt; (Office work is boring)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look up the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=trabajo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;trabajo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; on wordreference.com, you'll find not only the uses listed above, but also the conjugation of the verb &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;trabajar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which is the cause of this misunderstanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;yo trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; (I work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Is the sentence trying to say &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;This great book is the result of years of my own hard work&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it doesn't. The translation in your question is perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este gran libro es el resultado de años de trabajo duro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This great book is the result of years of hard work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does say the book is the result of hard work, but it doesn't specify whose work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T15:20:21.577" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5308" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-22T08:48:02.357" Score="2" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like watching videos to learn and I used to watch a show from Spain but the Spanish in this video (&lt;a href=&quot;http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=VPGo3t5qTZ4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=VPGo3t5qTZ4&lt;/a&gt;) seems different somehow.  What kind is it? And, is this dialect particular to a country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="885" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T05:01:22.433" Title="What sort of Spanish are they speaking in this video?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5308" CreationDate="2014-03-22T10:30:08.687" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not a dialect. It is Spanish with mexican accent. It seems to be an episode of a Mexican TV show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastActivityDate="2014-03-22T10:30:08.687" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5311" CreationDate="2014-03-23T23:41:55.153" Score="1" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this sentence which makes sense except for the last word &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy aquí porque me ha enviado él.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I am here because he has sent me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; doing here? At first when I read it I thought it was saying &lt;code&gt;&quot;I am here because he has sent me him&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it there because it makes it clear that it is &quot;he&quot; who has sent for the speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T23:48:34.080" Title="What is &quot;él&quot; for in &quot;Estoy aquí porque me ha enviado él&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2014-03-23T23:48:34.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is in fact the &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;I am here because he has sent me.&lt;/code&gt;. It would also be correct to write &lt;code&gt;Estoy aquí porque él me ha enviado&lt;/code&gt;, spanish is specially flexible in the order of certain words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the context allows it (there is enough information preceeding), it might be omitted and written as &lt;code&gt;Estoy aquí porque me ha enviado&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your initial understanding of &lt;code&gt;I am here because he has sent me him&lt;/code&gt; would have been written as &lt;code&gt;Estoy aquí porque me ha enviado a él&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2700" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T23:48:34.080" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2506" CreationDate="2014-03-24T13:18:11.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Olé and Oé are two different expressions, Olé in Spain, Mexico and Latin America is mostly used in bullfighting when the matador does a good pass or series of passes with his cape. While Oé, Oé, Oé is mostly used in supporter chanting at football matches&#xA;- - - While Olé in Latin countries is also used in football matches when one team threads a series of passes and is dominating the opposing team. It is derogatory and demoralizaing for the rival team to be subjected to this chant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2701" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T13:18:11.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2014-03-25T18:22:56.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you can write it as hueón, huevón, güeón, güevón or weón, it doesn't matter (but we mostly use &quot;wn&quot; or &quot;weón&quot;). This is used in Chile and was propagated among other countries in South America due to the internet and social networks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Weón&#xA;1) dude, bro, man&#xA;2) a person, a man, an unknown&#xA;3) jerk, asshole, stupid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Weá&#xA;1) a thing in general&#xA;2) an annoying thing or situation, something that is unpleasant, crap, shit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(if you see, it is a &quot;normal&quot; or &quot;neutral&quot; way as a first meaning, so you don't need to be upset if someone tells you &quot;weón&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for example, if you heard &quot;oye weón, el otro día estaba en la estación de metro y un weón casi se mata, quería saltar a la weá donde pasan los metros... y un weón que estaba al lado mío, se reía en vez de preocuparse... fue desagradable la wea&quot;, it would be something like &quot;hey dude, the other day I was in the subway station and a man almost kills himself, he wanted to jump to the thing where the trains travel... and a jerk beside me was laughing instead of being worried... the situation was unpleasant&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2704" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T18:22:56.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5316" CreationDate="2014-03-26T08:27:36.717" Score="5" ViewCount="673" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El año pasado leí una noticia sobre la inclusión de una palabra al diccionario &lt;em&gt;Santillana&lt;/em&gt;. Se trata del término &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Inmessionante&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, el cual fue creado en un intento de definir la manera de jugar al futbol de Lionel Messi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La noticia completa la pueden leer en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20130208/fc-barcelona/inmessionante-adjetivo-messi-diccionario-santillana-pepsi_54365205070.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Mundo Deportivo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ningún sitio logré encontrar información que verifique la validez de dicha palabra ante la RAE, y me parece curioso que ésta misma se incluyó en el diccionario Santillana impulsado por una campaña de la empresa PEPSI (patrocinadora del futbolista en cuestión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pregunta:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al no estar incluido en el diccionario de la RAE, ¿tiene validez oficial dicho término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T10:41:37.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T10:41:37.643" Title="Validez del término &quot;Inmessionante&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2014-03-26T08:42:20.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa palabra se incluyó como parte de una campaña publicitaria. No tiene validez oficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio la RAE es la encargada de aceptar palabras y periódicamente agrega palabras de uso común o de nueva creación. Hay palabras o variaciones que se usan comunmente que no estan reconocidas pero sería difícil decir que son incorrectas debido a su uso común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso esta palabra no creo que se llegue a incluir porque no es de uso habitual, por lo tanto se puede considerar que no es válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T10:40:27.093" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T10:40:27.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2014-03-26T09:45:11.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Independientemente de que la RAE acepte una palabra u otra, ya que entre otras cosas muchas de las palabras o acepciones utilizadas por la gente de diferentes sitios pueden no estar reflejadas allí y tener una &quot;&lt;em&gt;validez&lt;/em&gt;&quot; allí donde se usa; ese &quot;&lt;em&gt;término&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es parte de una campaña publicitaria. Además, nadie (probablemente en ninguna parte del mundo) usa esa palabra, que al final las personas son las que &lt;em&gt;hacen&lt;/em&gt; que las palabras lo sean; por lo que se puede decir que no debería ser considerada una palabra como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T09:45:11.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3036" CreationDate="2014-03-26T10:41:53.263" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya ha contestado @bluish,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-filo&lt;/strong&gt; proviene del griego antiguo que expresa una &lt;em&gt;clase de amor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;inclinación hacia&lt;/em&gt; algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-mano&lt;/strong&gt; (también) proviene del griego antiguo, y expresa una &lt;em&gt;clase de locura&lt;/em&gt; hacia algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en línea con lo que comenta @leonbloy, las elecciones de los prefijos y sufijos no siempre siguen una regla fija. Un ejemplo sencillo sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;filosofía&lt;/strong&gt;, que significa &quot;amor a la sabiduría&quot; (filos  -&gt; amor, sofía -&gt; sabiduría)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bibliofilia&lt;/strong&gt;, que significa &quot;amor a los libros&quot; (biblio -&gt; libro, filia -&gt; amor)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, el orden es invertido aunque el sufijo, en un caso, y prefijo, en el otro, quieren dar el mismo significado a la palabra. Otro ejemplo de esta variedad en la interpretación de sufijos sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bibliofilia&lt;/strong&gt;, como comentaba antes (también valdría &lt;em&gt;cinéfilo&lt;/em&gt; como decías)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zoofilia&lt;/strong&gt;, que a pesar de que signifique &quot;amor a los animales&quot; (zoo -&gt; animales, filia -&gt; amor) tiene una connotación bastante diferente a la de la expresada por &lt;em&gt;bibliofilia&lt;/em&gt; en relación a los libros, la connotación de atracción sexual por animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo esto en cuenta, y a pesar de que en general el sujifo &lt;strong&gt;-mania&lt;/strong&gt; tenga la connotación de &lt;em&gt;locura insana&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;deseo descontrolado&lt;/em&gt; por algo, creo que en el caso de la melomanía (melo -&gt; canción) se ha querido expresar la &lt;em&gt;profunda pasión&lt;/em&gt; por la música, no queriendo tener una connotación negativa, sino todo lo contrario. En este sentido sí creo que cuando se acuñó el término, se le quiso dar ese sentido, buscando tal vez un sufijo que expresara algo más fuerte que &lt;em&gt;-filia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco por internet, encontré esta etimología, que a pesar de no encontrar fuentes que la verificaran, me parece que expresa un poco lo que entiendo de esa palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Etimología: del francés &lt;em&gt;mélomane&lt;/em&gt;, acuñado hacia 1781 por el dramaturgo y músico francés Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais a partir de &lt;em&gt;mélo-&lt;/em&gt;, del griego antiguo μελο-, forma combinatoria de μέλος (mélos), &quot;canción, tonada&quot;, de origen incierto; y &lt;em&gt;-mane&lt;/em&gt;, del griego antiguo -μανής (manés), forma adjetiva de μανία (manía), &quot;pasión, entusiasmo, locura&quot;, de μαίνομαι (maínomai), &quot;delirar&quot;, del protoindoeuropeo *mn̥yo-, en última instancia de *men-, &quot;pensar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, e intentando contestar a tu última pregunta, creo que el problema que comentas de esas palabras es la forma en que uno la entiende. &lt;em&gt;Fanático&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;melómano&lt;/em&gt; no tienen porque tener una connotación negativa, cuando te refieres a algo positivo, como la música. Yo no conozco otra palabra que defina el &quot;&lt;em&gt;amor a la música&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, como la buscas. En mi opinión, estas palabras son perfectamente válidas para ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T10:41:53.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5308" CreationDate="2014-03-27T05:01:22.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's Mexican Spanish. It's no more a dialect than Irish English or Swedish German.  If you want to know more, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; has excellent articles on regional variations of spanish. I'm particularly fond of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T05:01:22.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5321" CreationDate="2014-03-27T08:26:58.507" Score="3" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y es por eso que &lt;strong&gt;si vienen palos&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo seré el primero en dar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is from the lyrics of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamendo.com/en/track/404313/recuerdos-de-ceniza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a song&lt;/a&gt;. I do understand the meaning of the words but a literal translation doesn't make any sense (&amp;quot;... if sticks come ...&amp;quot;). Is this a metaphor or a figure of speech?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2710" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T08:42:19.630" Title="What does &quot;si vienen palos&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5320" CreationDate="2014-03-27T08:51:05.320" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is kind of an expression. It could be roughly translated to &quot;if there is going to be fighting, I will be the first to hit&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an expresion &lt;em&gt;Te voy a moler a palos&lt;/em&gt; that will translate to something like &quot;I will grind you to pieces&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palo&lt;/em&gt; it is literally a stick. In that sense the full sentence would be &quot;If people are coming with sticks to hit me, I would be the first to hit&quot;, but it does not have to be literally sticks, just an aggression either figurative or literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastEditorUserId="2688" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T08:57:53.053" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T08:57:53.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5294" CreationDate="2014-03-27T13:13:06.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view, clearly &quot;oler al lobo&quot; means to smell danger, as here the phrase tries to make a metaphor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the animal world the wolf is a big hunter, a dangerous predator whose smell is well known to any other inhabitant of the woods and mountains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;viejo nazi que huele al lobo&quot; gives a glimpse of an old predator who detects the danger of an enemy or a threat in the air.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-21T19:18:25.043" LastActivityDate="2019-07-21T19:18:25.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5335" CreationDate="2014-03-27T14:30:58.943" Score="4" ViewCount="551" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard only &quot;envaramiento&quot;, so people say in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy envarado por haber nadado ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia says it's said &lt;em&gt;agujetas&lt;/em&gt;, which I've never heard. Is there another non-medical term for muscle fever?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-03-28T10:06:56.090" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T10:06:56.090" Title="How do you say &quot;muscle fever&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5323" CreationDate="2014-03-27T14:34:25.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There might be regional terms for that, but I've never heard anyone say &quot;envaramiento&quot; or &quot;agujetas&quot;. A more regionally neutral way to say it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me duelen los músculos por haber nadado ayer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastEditorUserId="558" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T14:51:22.590" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T14:51:22.590" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5326" CreationDate="2014-03-27T16:01:45.213" Score="12" ViewCount="128417" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo he visto en alguna ocasión en literatura o alguna interpretación de español antiguo, pero no es muy común, supongo que de alguna forma su uso está obsoleto. Ahora las dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál verbo es el usado? ¿&quot;Haber&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puede conjugarse de otra forma? (¿&quot;Hele ahí&quot; quizás para 3ª persona?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se puede usar ese tipo de conjugación con otros verbos o solo aplica para este? Y si se puede, ¿cómo se llama este tipo de conjugación?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Su uso da alguna connotación extra a una oración aparte de &quot;me encuentro aquí&quot; o es solo para mostrar uso de español clásico?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2712" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T11:04:42.377" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T11:04:42.377" Title="Uso de &quot;heme aquí&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5325" CreationDate="2014-03-27T18:36:09.730" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=Vdqi7BIHdDXX2DkNVIMt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Segun RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unido a aquí, ahí y allí, o con los pronombres me, te, la, le, lo, las, los, se usa para señalar o mostrar a alguien o algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y segun &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/he#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikitionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unido a un pronombre personal clítico (&quot;me, te, le, nos, os, les&quot;) o a un adverbio de lugar (&quot;aquí, allí, ahí&quot;, etc.), señala la presencia o existencia de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos lo señalan como &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt;. Nunca he visto que se use como hele o algo así, aparentemente es válido (tanto como &lt;code&gt;hete&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hela&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;helo&lt;/code&gt;, etc). RAE también menciona que su origen es el árabe &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt; y no del latín &lt;code&gt;habere&lt;/code&gt; por lo que parece una situación especial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto discusiones al respecto (algunos ejemplos: &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=268050&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?p=3449519#post3449519&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=435522&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;), y me pareció relevante un comentario acerca de la definicion de &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt; en el Diccionario de Dudas, de Manuel Seco, 10ma. edición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;he.&lt;/strong&gt; La palabra he (en he aquí, he ahí) no es, como suelen decir las&#xA;  gramáticas y los diccionarios, ni imperativo del verbo haber ni&#xA;  adverbio demostrativo. Es un verbo defectivo e impersonal. Expresa la&#xA;  mera existencia de algo en un lugar, como el impersonal hay; pero se&#xA;  diferencia de este en que presenta siempre esa existencia «ante los&#xA;  ojos» del oyente. Es invariable: no tiene otra forma personal,&#xA;  temporal ni modal que esta. Lleva siempre dos acompañantes forzosos:&#xA;  1.°, el adverbio aquí o allí (en ocasiones, otro complemento adverbial de lugar: Henos ya EN CASA); 2.°, un complemento directo: He aquí el&#xA;  resultado; He aquí a tu madre; Heme aquí. Es palabra de uso&#xA;  principalmente literario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de su significado especifico, no parece tener algún otro significado extra , mas que denotar la presencia de algo o alguien específicamente frente a alguien mas (el oyente), y ciertamente da un toque de español literario/clásico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T18:36:09.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5323" CreationDate="2014-03-27T19:43:06.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, &lt;code&gt;agujetas&lt;/code&gt; is not so common, you must say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy entumido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2713" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T19:57:14.970" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T19:57:14.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5323" CreationDate="2014-03-27T19:55:12.967" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we say &quot;entumido&quot; (numb) or &quot;adolorido&quot; (in pain). I'm not sure where in Mexico they say the former, but in Guadalajara we say the latter. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estoy adolorido porque fui ayer al gimnasio.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T19:55:12.967" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-03-27T19:58:51.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;rudo&quot; or &quot;cabrón&quot; would be the best translation for someone who is badass. This word is not really easy to translate, in fact in Mexico we often say &quot;este hombre es bien badass&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T19:58:51.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2014-03-27T20:11:20.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Mexican telecommunications engineer, and here's how it went for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of English as a prerequisite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually not, but it's a &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; good idea to start with some cursory knowledge of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They usually do, but it depends entirely on how kind is the instructor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this depends on the instructor. Back in college some professors used variables in Spanish, and some used them in English. As long as your tongue choice is always consistent you should have no trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually only for basic stuff. In fact, a lot of Mexican engineering students struggle because all the documentations and manuals are in English only and they don't speak English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T20:11:20.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5082" CreationDate="2014-03-27T20:19:08.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Chale&amp;quot; en inglés puede más o menos traducirse como &amp;quot;gosh!&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;aw man!&amp;quot;, es una interjección que se exclama para expresar molestia por una situación. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chale, este camión ya no pasó.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Gosh, the bus didn't arrive at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chale, otra vez me toca lavar todo.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Aw man, once again I'm the one who washes everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como lo han dicho antes, es una expresión total y completamente informal, aunque no ofensiva ni vulgar. En Guadalajara la escucho más o menos con frecuencia, pero esa palabra se asocia más bien con el DF, donde con frecuencia se expresa como &amp;quot;¡chale manoooo!&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;mano&amp;quot; es contracción de &amp;quot;hermano&amp;quot;) con el tono característico del español de la capital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T23:48:56.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4982" CreationDate="2014-03-27T20:22:21.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Toda palabra derivada de &quot;chingar&quot; es inherentemente altisonante y por lo tanto no debe usarse en situaciones donde hay que expresarse de forma cortés y propia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T20:22:21.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5334" CreationDate="2014-03-27T22:05:36.540" Score="5" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;code&gt;nuestra&lt;/code&gt; feminine if we do not know the gender of the people the speaker is referring?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T19:09:39.730" Title="&quot;Ella es nuestra madre&quot; - Why is &quot;nuestra&quot; feminine?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5333" CreationDate="2014-03-27T22:09:25.313" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, I must confess, at first I thought the question wouldn't make sense, but it does and actually it's quite interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish adjectives, possessives pronouns, and so on are declined according to the noun they qualify. In this case, &lt;em&gt;nuestra&lt;/em&gt; is qualifying &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt;, which is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; feminine (unless..., no, always feminine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's compare with other languages, (e.g. English). In English your possessive pronouns &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; refer, if at all, to the gender of the object which possesses. Thus in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is Mary. &lt;strong&gt;Her&lt;/strong&gt; mother is beautiful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, for sake of generalization to plural, in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is Mary. &lt;strong&gt;Her&lt;/strong&gt; grandmothers were beautiful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the only reference to gender and number is on the object that possesses the &lt;em&gt;mother&lt;/em&gt; or the &lt;em&gt;grandmothers&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Mary&lt;/em&gt; in this case. This means, the possessive pronoun detects if the subject here is a &lt;em&gt;Mary&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;John Smith&lt;/em&gt; (which implies &lt;em&gt;her&lt;/em&gt; should be replaced &lt;em&gt;his&lt;/em&gt;) but it doesn't deliver information whatsoever about the object that the subject possesses (if it's a mother, or a father or two grandmothers or 1024 great-great-...-great-grandpa's, that doesn't affect the possessive pronoun.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Spanish is –as many other languages are– endowed with an additional gender and number slot: the noun that is &quot;possessed&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestra madre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;our mother&lt;/em&gt; but the gender information there refers to &lt;em&gt;mother&lt;/em&gt;, not to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T19:09:39.730" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T19:09:39.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5323" CreationDate="2014-03-27T23:35:58.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE &lt;strong&gt;agujetas&lt;/strong&gt; is correct, and it is a term I have heard several times the day after playing an intense football match, skiing,..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pl.  Molestias dolorosas que pueden sentirse en los músculos algún tiempo después de realizar un esfuerzo no habitual y reiterado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dolor muscular&lt;/strong&gt; is self explanatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The medical term would be &lt;strong&gt;mialgia&lt;/strong&gt;, and in English is &lt;strong&gt;myalgia&lt;/strong&gt;, origin on the greek words myos(muscle)+algos(pain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternatives:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agarrotar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;prnl. Dicho de un miembro: Quedarse rígido o inmóvil por efecto del frío o por otra causa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;musculo agarrotado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Engarrotar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho del frío: Causar entumecimiento de los miembros. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;musculo engarrotado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Envaramiento&lt;/em&gt; it is a new word for me but is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Envaramiento es la acción de envarar o envararse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;envarar.&#xA;   (De en- y vara).&#xA;  1. tr. Entorpecer, entumecer o impedir el movimiento de un miembro. U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entumecer/entumecido&lt;/em&gt; is repeated on these definitions so it is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion all these alternatives should be used when is painfull and makes it hard to move.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative could be &lt;em&gt;punzada&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tirón&lt;/em&gt; muscular, but it is usually used when the pain is strong and short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;. Dolor agudo, repentino y pasajero, pero que suele repetirse de tiempo en tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example: &lt;em&gt;Desde que tuve el accidente tengo unas punzadas en la espalda que no me dejan dormir.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About agujetas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact several Catalan speakers use it in catalan (&lt;em&gt;agulletes&lt;/em&gt;) but it is not correct, and this is due to the Spanish influence (&lt;em&gt;agujetas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-03-28T00:05:16.343" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T00:05:16.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-03-28T11:37:38.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The more slanglike translation that I can think is &quot;cabrón&quot; or &quot;hijo puta&quot; for persons and &quot;the puta madre&quot; for objects or situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although &quot;cabrón&quot; and &quot;hijo puta&quot; can be used on a positive way between close friends (mainly on the north of Spain) they usually have a very negative connotation, so handle with care this expressions and the tone you use with them, as you can get easily the opposite reaction to what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T11:37:38.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-03-28T12:00:48.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you mean it in its positive meaning I don't think there's any good translation for badass because all of them sounds totally lame (at least in Spain). There maybe are certain ways of translating it but it would depend extremely on the context and they would be localisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2723" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T12:00:48.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-03-29T02:05:34.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends in what country you would like the answer to, although there are many ways to speak Spanish, the correct format of a slang word such as &quot;badass&quot; will change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some countries you might say &quot;Genial!&quot; or &quot;Chévere&quot; (That is more South American) but these words are not actually bad word (or words people might find offensive). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other Spanish speaking countries might say &quot;De la fregada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2729" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-29T21:55:21.043" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T21:55:21.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-29T13:54:52.373" Score="4" ViewCount="1551" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose we are agreed that for most purposes, &quot;castellano&quot; and &quot;español&quot; refer to pretty much the same language (though perhaps some may disagree---see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/913/1674&quot;&gt;Is there a difference between &amp;quot;espa&amp;#241;ol&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;castellano&amp;quot;? // &amp;#191;Hay alguna diferencia entre &amp;quot;espa&amp;#241;ol&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;castellano&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From reading that other question, I gather that in Spain, &quot;castellano&quot; is today preferred. One answer there also suggests that &quot;Most places use español more but some places including Argentina and Uruguay use castellano more. Places that have a history of suffering under Spanish dominion also seem to prefer to avoid español.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in which countries is one clearly preferred to the other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2389" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T08:58:33.100" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T21:40:58.783" Title="Castellano vs español - Which countries prefer which?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5339" CreationDate="2014-03-29T16:03:19.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It turns out &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%A9mica_en_torno_a_espa%C3%B1ol_o_castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia has an article with a map&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%A9mica_en_torno_a_espa%C3%B1ol_o_castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/duW4Um.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Central America seems to prefer &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt; whereas South America mostly prefers &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt;. But I don't know how accurate that map is. If we look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Castellano-Espa%C3%B1ol.png#filehistory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the map's history&lt;/a&gt; we see that some countries changed from red to blue or vice versa with no sources given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2710" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T08:56:54.500" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T08:56:54.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5342" CreationDate="2014-03-29T18:47:50.273" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading the other day and came across this passage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En mi carrera me he planteado metas que siempre he alcanzado y &lt;strong&gt;ahora'gozo&lt;/strong&gt; de un éxito profesional extraordinario...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never seen a word like &lt;strong&gt;ahora'gozo&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.  What is this word, and more importantly, what is the function of the apostrophe? What rule governs its usage in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T19:07:18.723" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T19:07:18.723" Title="What rule governs this usage of the apostrophe in this case?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5341" CreationDate="2014-03-29T18:56:40.727" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I might be wrong (I'm only a beginner myself) but I think it is a typo and there should be a space instead. My attempt at translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In my career I have set goals for myself that I have always achieved and now I enjoy an extraordinary professional success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gozo seems to be a form of gozar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2710" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T18:56:40.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-29T19:11:46.870" Score="6" ViewCount="903" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found lots of information online about proper punctuation (after the quotation marks) when a dialogue tag is used. However, I cannot find any reference regarding if the quotation or dialogue line is a complete sentence without any tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a better way of punctuating that sentence (when translated into a Spanish dialogue)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The dog is blue&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The dog is blue.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2731" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T10:43:08.077" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:43:08.077" Title="How to punctuate quoted sentences?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5344" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-29T19:53:31.857" Score="3" ViewCount="1161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some refreshing on the differences between preterit and imperfect preterit tenses of the verb &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the following connotations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt; -- To know (or to taste)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabes&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; -- Present (I know, you know, he knows)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabré&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabrás&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabrá&lt;/strong&gt; -- Future (I will know, you will know, he will know)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what are the different connotations with the past tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabía&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabías&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sabía&lt;/strong&gt; -- imperfect preterit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;supe&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;supiste&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;supo&lt;/strong&gt; -- [simple] preterit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With many verbs, the preterit and imperfect translate roughly to &quot;I did X&quot; (a distinct, completed action) and &quot;I was doing X&quot; (an ongoing action), but in the case of a verb like &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, one cannot know something in the former sense of &quot;I knew it, then I finished knowing it&quot; (without severe medical trauma).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what do these past-tense forms of &lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt; mean?  What are the connotations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-03-30T18:00:44.057" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T01:04:27.790" Title="Simple preterit and imperfect preterit connotations of &quot;saber&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2014-03-29T20:52:34.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed my mothers family in El Salvador uses Vos excessively. My Salvadoran family here in the States uses vos and tu equally. I think tu might be a bit more formal. Whenever they're joking about they tend to use vos more. My Mexican family doesn't use vos at all. I once traveled from El Salvador to Mexico (I picked up the Salvadoran accent and dialect) and my Mexican family couldn't keep up with me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2732" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T20:52:34.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5348" CreationDate="2014-03-29T20:52:56.527" Score="6" ViewCount="962" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence translates to &lt;code&gt;The worse has already passed&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; used instead of &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;? When am I supposed to use one over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2403" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T22:19:02.897" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T21:05:18.510" Title="&quot;Lo peor ya ha pasado&quot; - Why is &quot;Lo&quot; used?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5344" CreationDate="2014-03-29T21:30:07.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Speaking from an intuitive point of view, the first one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sabía, sabías, sabía...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is roughly equivalent to the English 'I used to know', an example sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo sabía hablar español (I used to know how to speak Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you knew something but maybe forgot due to lack of practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supe, supiste, supo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means 'I knew', an example sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo supe la respuesta correcta (I knew the right answer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you can see, in the first case you could have known something but then forgotten it, and in the second case it implies that you knew something at the time when it was needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There might be other connotations but these are the two most obvious ones that spring to mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2728" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T21:30:07.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5346" CreationDate="2014-03-29T22:17:50.270" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whereas English has only one definite article, &lt;em&gt;&quot;the&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, Spanish has five definite articles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; used to define a masculine singular noun, e.g. &lt;em&gt;el toro&lt;/em&gt; (the bull)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; used to define a femine singular noun, e.g. &lt;em&gt;la vaca&lt;/em&gt; (the cow)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; used to define a masculine plural noun, e.g. &lt;em&gt;los toros&lt;/em&gt; (the bulls)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; used to define a feminine plural noun, e.g. &lt;em&gt;las vacas&lt;/em&gt; (the cows)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine you already knew the above. The interesting case is the fifth definite article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; used in combination with a masculine singular adjective, e.g. &lt;em&gt;lo bueno&lt;/em&gt; (the good thing / the good things)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike the first four definite articles listed above, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; does not define a gender, and for that reason we say it has a neuter gender. This is very interesting because nouns in Spanish are either feminine or masculine. There is no such a thing a neuter noun in Spanish. However, using &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is possible to construct noun phrases with an undefined/neuter gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's examine the sentence in your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo peor ha pasado (the worst is over)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject in this sentence is &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo peor&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. As explained above, &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a neuter definite article. This article is combined with the adjective &lt;em&gt;&quot;peor&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (worst) to construct the noun phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo peor&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which specifies no gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo peor ya ha pasado (the worst is already over)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we don't specify the gender, because we don't know it. We could mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La peor parte ya ha pasado (the worst part is already over)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or we could mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El peor peligro ya ha pasado (the worst danger is already over)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or we could mean something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, the construction &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lo + (masculine singular adjective)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is very handy, because it allows you to construct a noun phrase out of an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example it's not evident, but I think it's also important to point out, that &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; precedes an adjective in its masculine singular form. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo bueno es que lo malo pasa (the good thing is that bad things end)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we don't say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Lo buena es que lo mala pasa&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T22:24:38.957" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T22:24:38.957" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2014-03-29T23:15:48.337" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE (Real Academia Española), the period has to be placed outside the quotation mark, so the correct form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The dog is blue&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the reference about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;usage of punto&lt;/a&gt; (dot):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Combinación con otros signos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.1. &lt;strong&gt;El punto se escribirá siempre detrás de las comillas&lt;/strong&gt;, los paréntesis y las rayas de cierre: &lt;em&gt;Dijo: «Tú y yo hemos terminado».&#xA;  Tras estas palabras se marchó, dando un portazo. (Creo que estaba muy&#xA;  enfadada). En la calle la esperaba Emilio —un buen amigo—. Este, al&#xA;  verla llegar, sonrió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also the reference about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SSTAZ5sDyD6h59vijX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;usage of comillas&lt;/a&gt; (quotation marks):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Los signos de puntuación correspondientes al período en el que va&#xA;  inserto el texto entre comillas se colocan siempre después de las&#xA;  comillas de cierre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sus palabras fueron: «No lo haré»; pero al final nos ayudó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿De verdad ha dicho «hasta nunca»?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) El texto que va dentro de las comillas tiene una puntuación&#xA;  independiente y lleva sus propios signos ortográficos. Por eso, si el&#xA;  enunciado entre comillas es interrogativo o exclamativo, los signos de&#xA;  interrogación y exclamación se escriben dentro de las comillas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le preguntó al conserje: «¿Dónde están los baños, por favor?».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«¡Qué ganas tengo de que lleguen las vacaciones!», exclamó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta regla debe excluirse el punto, que se escribirá detrás de las&#xA;  comillas de cierre cuando el texto entrecomillado ocupe la parte final&#xA;  de un enunciado o de un texto (→ c).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Cuando lo que va entrecomillado constituye el final de un enunciado&#xA;  o de un texto, debe colocarse punto detrás de las comillas de cierre,&#xA;  incluso si delante de las comillas va un signo de cierre de&#xA;  interrogación o de exclamación, o puntos suspensivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«No está el horno para bollos». Con estas palabras zanjó la discusión y se marchó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«¿Dónde te crees que vas?». Esa pregunta lo detuvo en seco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Si pudiera decirle lo que pienso realmente...». A Pedro no le resultaba fácil hablar con sinceridad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el caso de que deba colocarse una llamada de nota que afecte a todo&#xA;  el texto entrecomillado, esta debe colocarse entre las comillas de&#xA;  cierre y el punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Rafael Lapesa señalaba que «es muy discutido el posible influjo de las&#xA;    lenguas indígenas en la pronunciación del español de América»&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Historia de la lengua española, p. 545.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la nota solo hace referencia a la última palabra del texto&#xA;  entrecomillado, la llamada debe colocarse delante de las comillas de&#xA;  cierre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rodolfo Lenz llegó a afirmar que el habla vulgar de Chile era  «principalmente español con sonidos araucanos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; El araucano o mapuche es la lengua que hablaban los naturales de la antigua región de Arauco, en la zona central de Chile.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T07:52:18.903" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T07:52:18.903" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-30T02:36:36.813" Score="5" ViewCount="2071" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué forma es correcta? y ¿qué regla se aplica en estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos hace sentirnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos hace sentir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hace sentirme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hace sentir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te hace sentirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te hace sentir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-03-30T17:36:32.253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T07:49:46.143" Title="Nos hace sentirnos o Nos hace sentir" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5344" CreationDate="2014-03-30T05:23:14.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No sabíamos que tú eras Superman&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We didn't know you were Superman&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence has no definite termination point.  How long did the subjects of the sentence not know this?  A decade, a year, a minute?  &lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; is a verb often conjugated in the imperfect in its usage.  It's difficult to compare/translate it to English, because in English, when we know the termination point, we &lt;code&gt;find out&lt;/code&gt;.  It's very close in meaning to the verb &lt;code&gt;aprender&lt;/code&gt; at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I did not know that school started at 9:00am today.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ) &lt;code&gt;Yo no sabía que hoy la escuela se comeinza a las 9.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B ) &lt;code&gt;Yo no supe que hoy la escuela se comienza a las 9.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence is like saying, &lt;code&gt;I wasn't aware&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;I had no clue&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;While B would mean that you did not &lt;code&gt;find out&lt;/code&gt;, as if you were frantically searching for the fact that school started at 9am that day.    If you were just starting your semester courses and did not make an effort to even learn what times they started, then you could get away with saying &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; because a person cannot continue to not know something (unless they have a mental disorder) after having found out.  You only need to touch a hot stove eye once to know that it will hurt you.  Otherwise, you would use A, and most of the time you are going to use A, because it is part of that group of verbs that includes &lt;code&gt;querrer&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;poder&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just remember that when you use the preterite tense, you are conveying an action performed once, in the past, at a specific time in space.  &lt;code&gt;Comí la comida&lt;/code&gt; doesn't just mean that I ate the food in the past, but rather that I ate it once.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me comí la comida&lt;/code&gt; would mean that I ate all of the food, once.  But that difference is not relevant.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-03-31T01:04:27.790" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T01:04:27.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5346" CreationDate="2014-03-30T05:33:03.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation in your question is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The worse has already passed&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be the translation if you used &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;So why does it sound funny? Because &lt;code&gt;El peor ...&lt;/code&gt; is incorrect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lo&lt;/code&gt; takes &lt;code&gt;peor&lt;/code&gt; and soaks it in as an adjective. while &lt;code&gt;El&lt;/code&gt; looks to &lt;code&gt;peor&lt;/code&gt; as an indicator to another noun.  &lt;code&gt;El peor equipo de la NBA&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-03-30T21:05:18.510" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T21:05:18.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5354" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-30T11:52:40.720" Score="2" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me out, I am not sure about this. Can you add diminutives to Spanish words where this is not traditionally done and create new words that most people would understand? e.g. take a random word - invitacíon. Could you say invitacíoncitas (or invitacíonitas, I think it sounds better, is the &quot;cita after an n&quot; rule strict?) to mean &quot;little invitations&quot;/pequeñas invitacíones? Do native Spanish speakers understand, and more importantly, appreciate &quot;invented&quot; words such as these? Please note that I am referring to an informal written context here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2734" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T20:45:08.470" Title="Creating new spanish words by adding dimunitives" Tags="&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5354" CreationDate="2014-03-30T13:17:50.013" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you would be understood. However, in most places it would be regarded as baby-speak or informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you need to bear in mind that the choice of suffix to construct a diminutive varies from region to region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Leon, north-west Spain, the suffices &quot;-in&quot; (dinerín) and &quot;-ina&quot; (galletina) are preferred, and often it's not even regarded as baby-speak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other regions such a Aragón, north-east Spain, the suffices &quot;-ico&quot; (dinerico) and &quot;-ica&quot; (galletica) are preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, in Spain the most neutral choice of suffices is &quot;-ito&quot; (dinerito) and &quot;-ita&quot; (galletita).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As pointed out by pHonda, another possibility are the suffices &quot;-illo&quot; (dinerillo) and &quot;-illa&quot; (galletilla). My impression is that these suffices are more common in the south of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-03-30T20:45:08.470" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T20:45:08.470" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5344" CreationDate="2014-03-30T14:35:05.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing to say is that there is no one-to-one correspondence between the &lt;a href=&quot;https://ell.stackexchange.com/tags/tense/info&quot;&gt;tense&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;https://ell.stackexchange.com/tags/aspect/info&quot;&gt;aspect&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_mood&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mood&lt;/a&gt; of Spanish and English verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas English has only one &lt;strong&gt;simple past&lt;/strong&gt;, Spanish has two: &lt;strong&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, one can translate both the &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; into &lt;em&gt;simple past&lt;/em&gt;. In many cases the context is enough to ensure no information is lost in the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when translating the English &lt;em&gt;simple past&lt;/em&gt; into Spanish, one has to decide which choice, &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;, is more appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The criterium for this choice is what it is called in grammar &lt;em&gt;the perfect aspect&lt;/em&gt; as I will explain next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both the &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; are past tenses, and hence, they describe actions that took place in the past. However, whereas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; (sabía, sabías, sabía...) has not perfect aspect,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/strong&gt; (supe, supiste, supo...) has perfect aspect and this means the action described by the verb not only took place in the past, but also happened before another event in the past. Hence, it is not appropriate to use &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; unless the context provides this additional reference in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OK, the explanation above is pretty abstract, let's borrow Zane's example to see how it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;did not know&lt;/strong&gt; that school started at 9:00am today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In principle, there would be two possible translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;sabía&lt;/strong&gt; que la escuela empezaba hoy a las 9:00 (pretérito imperfecto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without additional context, I believe the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; is the most appropriate translation. It simply states that, at some point in the past, you didn't know something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without additional context, the use of &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; sounds incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;supe&lt;/strong&gt; que la escuela empezaba hoy a las 9:00&lt;/strike&gt; (pretérito simple)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the sentence is completed with additional context defining another event in the past, then the use of &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt; becomes the most appropriate choice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;supe&lt;/strong&gt; que la escuela empezaba hoy a las 9:00 hasta que tú me lo dijiste (pretérito simple)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;&quot;tú me lo dijiste&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is also &lt;em&gt;pretérito simple&lt;/em&gt;, but explaining this choice of tense deserves another question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:55:12.353" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T14:35:05.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5359" CreationDate="2014-03-30T16:03:13.447" Score="4" ViewCount="1292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le tengo&lt;/strong&gt; miedo al fracaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means 'I am afraid of failure'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we use 'Le tengo' instead of 'yo tengo' or 'tengo'? Moreover, why are we using 'al' instead of 'de' for 'of'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-02-17T15:41:57.010" LastActivityDate="2020-02-23T16:35:16.513" Title="What does &quot;Le tengo&quot; mean in &quot;Le tengo miedo al fracaso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5350" CreationDate="2014-03-30T17:56:18.830" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Manual de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española, apartado 16.4.3a. Última frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se consideran también incorrectas las construcciones, propias de la lengua descuidada, en las que el mismo pronombre aparece a la vez como enclítico y como proclítico: *se debe respetarse cualquier opinión; *se lo tengo que decírselo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/hiperbaton/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fundeu.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, de las opciones que das a escoger, las correctas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos hace sentir / Me hace sentir / Te hace sentir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si añades el mismo pronombre proclítico como enclítico, o viceversa, es redundante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las reglas añado una parte del texto de la RAE acerca los &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=RAe%20pronombres%20personales%20atonos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronombres personales átonos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colocación de los clíticos con respecto al verbo.&lt;/strong&gt; La colocación del pronombre átono delante o detrás del verbo no es libre, sino que está sometida a ciertas reglas, que han ido variando con el tiempo. Estas son las normas por las que se rige hoy la colocación de los clíticos en el español general culto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Los clíticos se anteponen, en el uso corriente, a las formas simples de indicativo: Te lo advierto: me voy. En la lengua escrita, generalmente a principio de oración o después de pausa, aparecen a veces pospuestos: «Como si adivinara mi pensamiento, díjome al punto: “La verdad es desnuda”» (RBastos Vigilia [Par. 1992]); la expresión adquiere entonces un tono arcaizante, que solo está justificado si la intención es recrear el lenguaje de épocas pasadas. El uso pospuesto es asimismo un rasgo dialectal propio de determinadas zonas del noroeste de España: Voyme enseguida; Marchose hace rato. La posposición de los clíticos es imposible cuando el verbo va en forma negativa: *No díjomelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Los clíticos se anteponen también a las formas simples del subjuntivo, tanto a las independientes: Ojalá le concedan el premio; Quizá lo consiga; como a las que dependen de otro verbo (explícito o implícito): Espero que te lo pienses; Que te vaya bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Los clíticos se posponen a las formas de imperativo y a las del subjuntivo exhortativo afirmativo: Hazlo; Ponételo; Dígannoslo; Hágase la luz. Es vulgar anteponer los clíticos al subjuntivo exhortativo cuando este no depende de otro verbo: «¡Se callen, carajo, no es hora de conversa!» (FnGómez Viaje [Esp. 1985]); debe decirse cállense. Sin embargo, la anteposición es obligada cuando el subjuntivo va en forma negativa o depende de otro verbo (explícito o implícito): No lo hagan; Les ordeno que se callen; Que se vayan ahora mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) e) y f) en el enlace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T07:49:46.143" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5357" CreationDate="2014-03-30T19:39:54.097" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the first question,  it's not compulsory at all to use &lt;em&gt;&quot;Le tengo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;&quot;tengo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo tengo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. It's a matter of choice on the speaker. It is true than in Spanish the subject is usually omitted, but it's not compulsory to do so. I think this answers the first part of your question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is a pronoun referring to &lt;em&gt;miedo al fracaso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Le tengo&lt;/em&gt; instead of  &lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt; doesn't add any extra meaning to the sentence, and in fact that &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is reiterative and redundant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second part, &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; is the contracted form of &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt;. This one is however compulsory to use, except in the case of personal names (such as Sara, but including brands that use the word &lt;em&gt;El&lt;/em&gt; in their name, for example). This way, &lt;em&gt;a el fracaso&lt;/em&gt; is contracted to &lt;em&gt;al fracaso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2020-02-23T16:35:16.513" LastActivityDate="2020-02-23T16:35:16.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5363" CreationDate="2014-03-31T13:40:38.293" Score="3" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something with a little more of the poetic flavor of &amp;quot;turn of phrase&amp;quot; than, say, &amp;quot;forma de hablar&amp;quot; (manner of speaking / figure of speech) or &amp;quot;expresión&amp;quot;, that is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify, I'm thinking of this sense of the expression, which refers to an interesting or compelling phrasing, rather than the person behind it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;turn of phrase (plural turns of phrase)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(idiomatic) An expression which is worded in a distinctive way,&#xA;especially one which is particularly memorable or artful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The title is, as the author quickly admits, “a turn of phrase, not the&#xA;literal truth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21577348-gloomy-convincing-account-developed-worlds-problems-horror-story&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JAVIER SOLANA, the European Union's top foreign-policy honcho,&#xA;recently offered a neat turn of phrase to explain the importance that&#xA;Europeans attach to the past. Ponder the phrase “that's history”, and&#xA;what it implies on either side of the Atlantic, he suggested. When&#xA;Americans say something is “history”, they mean it is no longer&#xA;relevant. When Europeans say the same thing, “they usually mean the&#xA;opposite”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economist.com/node/9185774&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;President Barack Obama said that “cap and trade” was “just one way of&#xA;skinning the cat.” It is a common expression, used to imply that there&#xA;are plenty of ways of doing something. But a closer look at its&#xA;origins reveals it is a somewhat unsavoury turn of phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2013/10/idioms-and-political-speech&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T10:13:05.977" Title="Is there an expression for &quot;turn of phrase&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5350" CreationDate="2014-03-31T13:50:28.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te hace sentir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The possessive pronoun needn't appear twice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te hace sentirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be redundant (if it were grammatical in the first place). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A (roughly) analogous expression in English would be something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It makes you yourself feel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same holds for  the other examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2069" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T13:50:28.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5360" CreationDate="2014-03-31T15:44:49.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here a pair of suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Somebody has a nice turn of frase&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;alguien sabe expresarse (bien o bonito)&lt;/em&gt;; when the &lt;em&gt;turn of phrase&lt;/em&gt; bears a positive connotation, it could also be also &lt;em&gt;elocuencia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser elocuente&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it might be helpful &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vena poética&lt;/em&gt; (poetic vein).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T15:44:49.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5360" CreationDate="2014-03-31T16:41:58.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Expresión&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;frase&lt;/em&gt; is correct for these 3 examples, there is not an idiom or phrasal verb in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking on internet I have seen many examples but with an adjective before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a vivid turn of phrase &gt;&gt; una frase deslumbrante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a homely turn of phrase &gt;&gt; una frase coloquial / una expresión coloquial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/turn+of+phrase.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;linguee.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;she has a picturesque turn of phrase &gt;&gt; tiene una manera pintoresca de expresarse / usa expresiones pintorescas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/traducir/ingles-espanol/turn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;oxforddictionaies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your 3 examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a turn of phrase &gt;&gt; una expresión&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a neat turn of phrase &gt;&gt; una expresión coherente&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it is a somewhat unsavoury turn of phrase &gt;&gt; este comentario es un poco desafortunado / es un comentario feo / es una expresión un poco desafortunada / no es una expresión muy afortunada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the &lt;em&gt;turn of phrase&lt;/em&gt; is refering to a memorable idiom, it can be translated as &lt;em&gt;frases hechas&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;dicho&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;modismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a Spanish turn of phrases &gt;&gt; una frase hecha en español / un refrán español / un dicho español / un modismo español &lt;em&gt;(it depends of the phrase, all translations are not used for the same)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second meaning of turn of phrase &lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/a+turn+of+phrase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the ability to express yourself well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending if it is used on the favour of the speaker or not here are some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Labia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. Elocuencia y gracia para hablar y convencer a los demás:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;este político tiene mucha labia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/labia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Embaucar / Embaucador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tr. Engañar a alguien, aprovechándose de su inexperiencia o ingenuidad:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;con semejante labia es capaz de embaucar al más avispado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/embaucar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Savia &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona o elemento que comunica energía y vitalidad:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;su alegría es la savia de la casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/savia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deslumbrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asombrar, encantar, fascinar:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;me deslumbra con sus ocurrencias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/deslumbrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you would have to use other words in Spanish to say the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Her vocabulary and her turn of phrase &gt;&gt; su vocabulario y su fraseología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(About a book)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With these elements, and a very precise, rich and playful turn of phrase, very typical of young people &gt;&gt; Con estos elementos, y con un lenguaje preciso, rico y juguetón, muy propio de la gente joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/turn+of+phrase.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;linguee.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-04-01T10:13:05.977" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T10:13:05.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5366" CreationDate="2014-04-02T11:07:42.130" Score="0" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;While translating the phrase, “too big for him,” should we use &quot;por&quot; or &quot;para&quot;? In other words, which one of the below would be correct Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esa broca es demasiada pequeña &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; esta pared.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esa broca es demasiada pequeña &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; esta pared.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="2633" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T07:20:26.960" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T07:20:26.960" Title="Too big for him" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5365" CreationDate="2014-04-02T11:19:31.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es demasiado grande para él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the following does not have any meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es demasiado grande por él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your case, use the seconde phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa broca es &lt;strong&gt;demasiado&lt;/strong&gt; pequeña para esta pared&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="2488" LastEditDate="2014-04-02T16:08:44.933" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T16:08:44.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5368" CreationDate="2014-04-02T17:10:40.773" Score="0" ViewCount="1224" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many books I would like to read in spanish, such as George Jackson's &quot;Soledad Brother&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most efficient way for finding out if a particular book is available in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T23:18:01.367" Title="What is the best way to find out if a book is available in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5367" CreationDate="2014-04-02T18:20:57.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem of that kind of search is that, if you only know the English title, you'd need a super global database that actually &lt;em&gt;maps&lt;/em&gt; each book with all its titles in all languages, and I don't really think something like that exists (maybe I'm wrong!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try a large book database like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldcat.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;worldcat.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which allows you to filter by language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, searching for &lt;em&gt;Soledad Brother&lt;/em&gt; and filtering by &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt; gives you &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=soledad%20brother&amp;amp;dblist=638&amp;amp;fq=ln%3aspa&amp;amp;qt=facet_ln%3a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Note that the first result is what you're looking for, but you get this correct result because fortunately the Spanish title is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Soledad Brother: Cartas de Prisión&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching for example for &lt;em&gt;The Lord of the Rings&lt;/em&gt; and filtering by &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt; gives you &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=the%20lord%20of%20the%20rings&amp;amp;dblist=638&amp;amp;fq=ln%3aspa&amp;amp;qt=facet_ln%3a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. In this case the third result is the good one &lt;em&gt;&quot;El Señor de los Anillos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but you have to be aware that you're getting this result because whoever introduced that book into the DB added a line in the book details section saying: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Translation of: The Lord of the Rings.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, so that the DB can match that results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, it'll be a hard task, probably impossible for rare books, but you can give it a try. Otherwise just &lt;em&gt;google&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;Some book title + en español&lt;/em&gt; or something like that and good luck ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, as I said maybe I'm wrong and there is actually some site to perform that kind of queries...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2014-04-02T23:18:01.367" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T23:18:01.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5372" CreationDate="2014-04-02T19:44:40.937" Score="12" ViewCount="5882" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco oí un par de personas usar las palabras &lt;em&gt;página responsable&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a lo que en inglés se conoce como &quot;Responsive User Interface&quot; -o &lt;em&gt;responsive&lt;/em&gt; a secas-. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece que esta es una mala traducción de la palabra &quot;responsive&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Responsable&lt;/em&gt; (responsible) no tiene nada que ver con algo que se acomoda automáticamente de una manera óptima de acuerdo a la resolución de la pantalla del dispositivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En concreto: ¿cómo traducen ustedes la palabra &lt;code&gt;responsive&lt;/code&gt; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pensaría que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/responsivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;responsivo&lt;/a&gt; es más apropiado pero quisiera confirmar que es en efecto la traducción más usada en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T12:55:52.197" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;responsive&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2014-04-02T21:38:48.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Más que una palabra simple, se utilizaría &quot;que responde&quot; o &quot;que responde correcta/adecuadamente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T21:38:48.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2014-04-02T21:42:16.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I researched the origin of the word &quot;gringo&quot; when I was in graduate school after one of my professors offered the silly &quot;green-go&quot; myth as the explanation. The term has clearly been in use for centuries to describe non-Spanish people. The most widely accepted theory among etymologists was that the word was derived from &quot;griego,&quot; the Spanish word for Greek. According to the theory, the preponderance of Greek sailors in the Mediterranean meant that Greeks were the most common foreigners that were present in Spain in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance era. Over time, the word came to be applied to all people of non-Spanish origin, and was corrupted from &quot;griego&quot; to &quot;gringo.&quot; Since English and Dutch visitors became more common than Greeks in later centuries, the term had become associated more with northern Europeans by the time the Spanish colonized the Americas and brought the term over with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2745" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T21:42:16.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2014-04-02T23:04:23.710" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me basaría en la entrada de Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada inglesa para &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsive_web_design&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;resposive web design&lt;/a&gt; es traducida como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dise%C3%B1o_web_adaptable&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diseño web adaptable o adaptativo&lt;/a&gt; en su versión española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Interfaz de usuario &lt;strong&gt;adaptable&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;adaptativa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T14:04:35.750" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T14:04:35.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-03T07:04:11.457" Score="2" ViewCount="546" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the following dialogue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- &quot;Yo no se que hacer.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -- &quot;¡&lt;strong&gt;Sé&lt;/strong&gt; creativo y conseguirás lo que quieres!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do I use &quot;sé&quot; in this case? What is the rule to apply?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, the usage of &quot;ser&quot;+adjective is something permanent, something that a person always is, and &quot;estar&quot;+adjective something if temporal nature. In this sentence the meaning is to be creative at that particular moment to find a solution to some given problem, so why can't I say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;¡Está creativo!&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1950" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T07:50:15.763" Title="Sé creativo! Why is &quot;estar&quot; not used for this imperative?" Tags="&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5373" CreationDate="2014-04-03T08:54:06.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is not obvious but I'll try to explain it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say one person wants that the other change to a creative state, but implicitly wants that the change remains to modify the person's behavior. So the verb for a permanent state as you say is &quot;Ser&quot;, not &quot;Estar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, is that kind of things inherent to the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T08:54:06.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5373" CreationDate="2014-04-03T09:15:35.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, &lt;code&gt;Está&lt;/code&gt; is not the imperative form of &lt;code&gt;Estar&lt;/code&gt;. The sentence would be &lt;code&gt;¡Estate creativo!&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El imperativo de la segunda persona del singular solo se usa en forma pronominal (estate): Estate tranquilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE, &lt;code&gt;Estar&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6 intr. Hallarse en un determinado estado. Estar triste, rico, sordo, convencido, satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example (using the adjetive &lt;code&gt;creativo&lt;/code&gt;), the person is not creative at that moment, so you cannot say to &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; something if the person is not in that situation yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé creativo y conseguirás lo que quieres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The person is not creative yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estate creativo y conseguirás lo que quieres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you maintain a creative state you will get whatever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: Depending on the adjective you will use &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; to form the imperative in the sense you explain in your question. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé listo y vete a casa. &lt;em&gt;(Be inteligent and go home.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is not the same as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estate listo a las 18:00. &lt;em&gt;(Be ready at 18:00.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is the same situation as the sentence in your question (listo means smart/inteligent) whereas the second one has a different meaning (listo means ready/prepared). With &lt;code&gt;creativo&lt;/code&gt; the meaning of the adjective is not changing, but it does the situation, as I explained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some adjectives that cannot be used with &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Estate quieto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot say &lt;code&gt;Sé quieto&lt;/code&gt;, and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot say &lt;code&gt;Estate bueno&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="2216" LastEditDate="2014-04-04T07:50:15.763" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T07:50:15.763" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2014-04-03T12:00:07.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traducciones que he visto: Adaptable, adaptivo, reactivo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente la que he visto más a menudo es adaptivo, que curiosamente no está aceptada por la RAE y probablemente es una errónea traducción de adaptive, cuya traducción sería adaptativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T12:00:07.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5378" CreationDate="2014-04-03T12:07:51.230" Score="2" ViewCount="956" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could someone please advise which is the verb of choice in sentences that talk about what things are made of or look like? See the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bathroom is covered in tiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above sentence, which of the following would be the correct Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi baño &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; enchapado con azulejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi baño &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; enchapado con azulejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, see the sentence below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This shirt is made of silk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it take &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:38:55.403" Title="Ser vs estar in sentences about composition" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-25T06:49:20.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5377" CreationDate="2014-04-03T12:13:55.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It usually could depend on the use of other accompaining verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;My bathroom is covered in tiles&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi baño está cubierto con azulejos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it's &lt;strong&gt;covered&lt;/strong&gt;: está cubierto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;This shirt is made of silk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esta camisa está hecha de seda .&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esta camisa es de seda.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but never&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esta camisa es hecha de seda.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T12:13:55.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5380" CreationDate="2014-04-03T12:22:01.107" Score="2" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which one would be the preposition of choice when discussing the number of times something happened? Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I saw her for the third time.&#xA;She is visiting me for the first time.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T17:30:54.790" Title="Por vs para when discussing number of times" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5379" CreationDate="2014-04-03T12:35:32.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; in most of the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La he visto por tercera vez.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me visita por primera vez.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot think of any case where you would use &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; for a number of times type of sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T12:35:32.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5379" CreationDate="2014-04-03T16:07:02.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anytime you refer to time at all, you will use &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Escribí una caricatura para tres minutos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would suggest that you drew a cartoon FOR 3 minutes, not as in time, but rather, for, as in a gift.  In other words you would be drawing a cartoon as a favor to 3 Minutes, as if it were a person/business/entity/etcetera... named &quot;3 Minutes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T17:30:54.790" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T17:30:54.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5382" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5386" CreationDate="2014-04-03T18:50:29.810" Score="3" ViewCount="480" Body="&lt;p&gt;I put this in the google translate page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;the cat likes me&#xA;i like the cat&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get back the translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el gato me gusta&#xA;me gusta el gato&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which doesn't look right at all, and sure enough it gets translated back into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;i like the cat&#xA;i like the cat &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I say, &quot;The cat likes me&quot;? Is it wrong to use &lt;code&gt;gustar&lt;/code&gt; for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1215" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T06:43:34.357" Title="gustar: &quot;I like the cat&quot; vs &quot;The cat likes me&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5388" CreationDate="2014-04-03T18:57:00.263" Score="0" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say, “Something big is happening today.” Is the following translation the most appropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Algo grande va a pasar hoy.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same vein, is the following the correct translation for, “Something big fell to the floor.”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Algo grande cayó al suelo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are any regional differences, please elaborate that too, Mexican in particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T00:50:12.270" Title="“Something big” in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5382" CreationDate="2014-04-03T19:20:08.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le gusto al gato&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could be wrong though since Spanish isn’t my native language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T22:04:44.290" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T22:04:44.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5377" CreationDate="2014-04-03T20:49:05.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's also important to remember the difference between both ('ser'/'estar') in spanish, as 'ser' signals a property/attribute integral to a concept, while 'estar' signals a transitory state; unless you're using language in a special way (as in joking or in poetry), ideally the word you use reflects this relation between the noun and what you are saying about the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many spanish speakers (at least in many parts of Mexico) use as equivalent &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cocina &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; un desastre     &lt;em&gt;(the kitchen is a mess)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cocina &lt;strong&gt;esta hecha&lt;/strong&gt; un desastre    &lt;em&gt;(roughly, the kitchen was made a disaster)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're not equivalent, and nobody stresses the difference because communication purposes are usually satisfied, but they're definitely not the same expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T20:49:05.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5382" CreationDate="2014-04-03T21:22:50.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el gato me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I like the cat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me gusta el gato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I like the cat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translator is correct - both sentences mean the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct way to say &amp;quot;The cat likes me&amp;quot; would be this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le gusto al gato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al gato yo le gusto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, this would translate back into English as &amp;quot;I [am] liked by the cat&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;By the cat, I [am] liked [by it].&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: in the above sentence, the words in [brackets] are signified in Spanish by the word &amp;quot;le.&amp;quot; Also, you can omit the &amp;quot;Yo&amp;quot; from both statements and it will still be correct as the conjugation of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and the present &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; both imply the identity of the person being liked being the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;is correct&lt;/strong&gt;. You just have to be careful with how its used! Another (funny) example would be the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el gato sabe bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The cat is tasty.&lt;/em&gt; (lol!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;al gato le sabe bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It tastes good to the cat.&lt;/em&gt; (or more directly, &amp;quot;To the cat [it, in this case meaning whatever the cat is eating] tastes good.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps clear it up! I'm a native speaker and even I get confused by this at times!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2752" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T21:29:03.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2014-04-03T22:45:14.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &lt;code&gt;something big&lt;/code&gt; is perfectly translateable as &lt;code&gt;algo importante&lt;/code&gt;. However &lt;code&gt;algo grande&lt;/code&gt; is also a good way to say it. Then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Something big is happening today&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algo grande va a ocurrir hoy&#xA;Algo importante va a ocurrir hoy&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I remember this &lt;code&gt;something big&lt;/code&gt; in some other kind of sentences that try to give more importance to the first part of the sentence. Like adding &lt;code&gt;about to happen&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algo grande está a punto de ocurrir&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Something big is about to hapen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we literally translate &lt;code&gt;Something big fell to the floor&lt;/code&gt; then it should be (If it has another sense please tell):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algo grande cayó al suelo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2754" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T22:45:14.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2014-04-03T22:58:06.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I had to say the way that sentence would be said in Spain, I'd go for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hoy va a pasar algo grande&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that'd the usual ordering of the words. I can't say for how they would say in other spanish-speaking countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are other words that you could use depending on the tone you want to achieve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could go for &lt;code&gt;importante&lt;/code&gt;, if it's a serious thing, &lt;code&gt;gordo&lt;/code&gt;, which even though the word is usually informal, can be used for grave matters... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second sentence, the translation you proposed is correct. It's a much more straightforward sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-04-05T00:50:12.270" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T00:50:12.270" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5382" CreationDate="2014-04-04T02:49:23.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some correct choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Al gato le gusto yo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo le gusto al gato&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le gusto al gato (you can ommit the article &quot;Yo&quot; because there's no other article that can be                    used in this specific&#xA;  sentence)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T02:49:23.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5392" CreationDate="2014-04-04T03:09:41.343" Score="3" ViewCount="17420" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is clear that a literal translation yields &lt;em&gt;&quot;chocolate caliente,&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but is this the correct translation for hot chocolate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2756" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T05:02:15.983" Title="How do you say &quot;hot chocolate&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5391" CreationDate="2014-04-04T04:24:47.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your original translation is accurate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hot chocolate = chocolate caliente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T04:24:47.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5393" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5394" CreationDate="2014-04-04T05:24:29.360" Score="2" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; is the verb used when talking about one’s age. So the following translation makes perfect sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo treinta años.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;I am 30 years old.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what if I want to translate the following sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I am turning 30.&#xA;I just turned 30.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T05:27:24.977" Title="Turning a certain age in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5393" CreationDate="2014-04-04T05:27:24.977" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am turning 30.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Voy a cumplir treinta años.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I just turned 30.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Acabo de cumplir treinta años.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T05:27:24.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5396" CreationDate="2014-04-04T08:56:14.523" Score="3" ViewCount="1079" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I want to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The wine cellar should be dark and dry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following would be more appropriate and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La bodega debe &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; oscura y seca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La bodega debe &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; oscura y seca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:58:25.787" Title="Should I use &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; to translate &quot;The wine cellar should be dark and dry&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5395" CreationDate="2014-04-04T09:32:04.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, it should be the first one, but actually, it could be both depending on the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that wine cellars, in general, have to be &lt;code&gt;dark&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dry&lt;/code&gt;. So if you are talking about a general case it should be the first one. Let's put it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All wine cellars should be dark and dry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las bodegas deberían ser oscuras y secas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand, if this was not the case, and if you were talking about a specific moment for the &lt;code&gt;wine cellar&lt;/code&gt; (which in this case I do not think it would be often) it should be the seconde one. Let's change the example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My house should be clean for this weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi casa debería estar limpia para este fin de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because you are talking about a specific moment (in time) of the house. It is not how houses are &lt;em&gt;supposed&lt;/em&gt; to be, it is how they are in a certain period of time. If we change the example a bit again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My house has to be bright and white.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi casa tiene que ser luminosa y blanca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a state, not a specific moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: Note the gender of the adjectives in the examples, &lt;code&gt;bodega&lt;/code&gt; is femenine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to say that, thinking deeply about this, this is what you will find &lt;strong&gt;most&lt;/strong&gt; (like 90%) of times (for any example, not just this one). It is true that some people may use the second sentence as a translation for your question. I think that they would mean that &lt;code&gt;wine cellars&lt;/code&gt; have to be &lt;code&gt;dark&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dry&lt;/code&gt; as a moment in time, if you want to have good wine. But as I said, it should be the first one :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T09:42:02.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5395" CreationDate="2014-04-04T09:45:14.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think of &quot;ser&quot; as a inherent property of the subject, and &quot;estar&quot; as a temporal property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if somebody &quot;is handsome&quot; can be &quot;es guapo&quot; or &quot;está guapo&quot;, the first meaning he is a handsome person always and the second one that he looks handsome at that moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T09:45:14.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5399" CreationDate="2014-04-04T10:40:31.840" Score="2" ViewCount="936" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that all of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hay que&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tener que&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are the Spanish equivalent of “ought to” or “must” or “should&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I really need to know if there are any subtle differences in the sense they convey.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Also, are there any regional preferences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-11-19T08:19:40.017" LastActivityDate="2020-11-19T09:17:22.770" Title="Is there a difference among 'hay que', 'tener que', and 'deber'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5398" CreationDate="2014-04-04T10:49:18.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, those equivalences are not right, it &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Should&lt;/code&gt; is the equivalent of &lt;code&gt;debería&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Must&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent of &lt;code&gt;deber&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Have to&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent of &lt;code&gt;tener que/haber que&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ought to&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent of &lt;code&gt;tendría que&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the proper equivalences. I would not point any difference since I think they are quite similar in use. But I find that &lt;code&gt;ought to&lt;/code&gt; is tricky when translating. Anyway, in general those are used in the same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T10:49:18.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5400" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5402" CreationDate="2014-04-04T11:08:50.080" Score="2" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I am trying to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The young man found work after much (a lot of) struggle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is one of these the most appropriate way (somehow it doesn’t seem so to me, that’s why I ask)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El joven encontró trabajo después de muchas pruebas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El joven encontró trabajo después de mucha lucha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if I were to replace the “&lt;em&gt;…after much struggle&lt;/em&gt;” in the same sentence with “&lt;em&gt;…after a long time&lt;/em&gt;”, would it translate as “&lt;strong&gt;…después de mucho tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T16:18:42.010" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T16:18:42.010" Title="After much struggle" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5403" CreationDate="2014-04-04T11:48:23.703" Score="1" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one translate the phrase, “on screen” into Spanish? Is the below sentence an appropriate attempt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por pudor nunca besaría &lt;strong&gt;en la pantalla&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Out of modesty, she would never kiss &lt;strong&gt;on screen&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T20:03:31.920" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:53:26.120" Title="&quot;On screen” in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5400" CreationDate="2014-04-04T12:29:44.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El joven encontró trabajo después de muchas pruebas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es correcta pero parecería que has tenido que pasar pruebas (u exámenes) ya sean psicológicos, médicas, de aptitud, de actitud... o como en muchas entrevistas de trabajo pruebas de selección. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para traducir &lt;em&gt;struggle&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de lucha ante una adversidad me decantaría por tu segunda opción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El joven encontró trabajo después de mucha lucha.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O por esfuerzo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El joven encontró trabajo después de mucho esfuerzo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;After a long time / después de mucho tiempo&lt;/em&gt; es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T12:29:44.577" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5401" CreationDate="2014-04-04T12:40:25.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por pudor nunca besaría &lt;strong&gt;en pantalla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T20:02:04.690" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T20:02:04.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5406" CreationDate="2014-04-04T12:46:35.370" Score="0" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I was trying to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We had to cut short our vacation due to the storm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Spanish learning site gave the translation as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tuvimos que acortar las vacaciones debido a la tormenta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The “&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;” in this sentence really got me confused. Is it really appropriate? I was taught that it’s used only if the object is a person (e.g., &lt;strong&gt;Voy a ver a mi abuela&lt;/strong&gt;). Here, that is not the case as the storm is neither a person nor a personified noun. Would it be less appropriate or incorrect to say, “&lt;strong&gt;…debido la tormenta&lt;/strong&gt;.”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T16:17:44.187" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T16:17:44.187" Title="Usage of “a” with debido" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5395" CreationDate="2014-04-04T12:53:43.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers point out an ambiguity in your original sentence: &lt;em&gt;when&lt;/em&gt; should the cellar be dark and dry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd rephrase the original question as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The wine cellar should &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; be dark and dry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That translates cleanly to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La bodega &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; debe estar oscura y seca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I think it's a sentence you're more likely to actually hear when talking about wine cellars. Otherwise, if the original sentence belongs to a longer paragraph, I'd want to read the context to know how to better translate. Perhaps the text gives a general sense of the time. E.g., in instructions for building or cleaning a wine cellar, the &quot;always&quot; is implied. &#xA;Finally, though it might be fine to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La bodega debe ser seca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's not a sentence that I'd ever write, because &quot;dryness&quot; is not an inherent quality of a cellar, but something that you have to make an effort to obtain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T12:53:43.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5404" CreationDate="2014-04-04T12:54:13.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is appropiate.&#xA;This &quot;a&quot; would translate the english &quot;to&quot;.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Due to = debido a&lt;/strong&gt; .What follows &quot;a&quot; is the reason always.&#xA;Example: &quot;Debido &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; un corte de luz&quot; -&gt; Due &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; an electricity outage.&#xA;&quot;an electricity outage&quot; is the reason for the cut.&#xA;Try always to transform this kind of sentences into:&#xA;&quot;An electricity outage &lt;strong&gt;was the reason for&lt;/strong&gt; ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2758" LastEditorUserId="2758" LastEditDate="2014-04-05T09:12:46.840" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T09:12:46.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5409" CreationDate="2014-04-04T14:13:56.200" Score="3" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We must turn off the faucet and save water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above construction, which of the below is more appropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Debemos cerrar el grifo y ahorrar el agua.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Debemos cerrar el grifo y ahorramos el agua.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T16:17:18.130" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T16:17:18.130" Title="Two verbs in a single sentence" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1475" CreationDate="2014-04-04T14:26:35.343" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, this is not a commonly spoken word, but is found mostly in poetry and writing, perhaps especially used in folk and children tales. I would use &quot;&lt;em&gt;acá y acullá&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as the equivalent of &quot;&lt;em&gt;hither and yon&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, The RAE defines &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/acull%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acullá&lt;/a&gt;&quot; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. l. A la parte opuesta de quien habla. U. en contraposición a adverbios demostrativos de cercanía, como aquí o acá, y menos&#xA;  frecuentemente a los de lejanía, como allí o allá, de los que puede&#xA;  ser un intensivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;l(ocative?) adverb. To the opposite part of the speaker. Used opposite to adverbs that demonstrate closeness, such as &quot;aquí&quot; or &quot;acá&quot;, and less frequently to those of farness, such as &quot;allí&quot; or &quot;allá&quot;, of which it can be an intensifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T14:17:36.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5407" CreationDate="2014-04-04T15:55:46.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate the original sentence,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We must turn off the faucet and save water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as &quot;Debemos cerrar el grifo y ahorrar agua&quot;, but more likely, as @fedorqui comments, I would write &quot;Debemos cerrar el grifo para ahorrar agua&quot;, as &quot;ahorrar agua&quot; is the reason we must &quot;cerrar el grifo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-04T18:56:46.500" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T18:56:46.500" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5395" CreationDate="2014-04-04T15:59:44.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a good occasion to use the verb &quot;permanecer&quot;. Otherwise, in spanish, &quot;ser&quot; is used as a way to describe the long-run state, while &quot;estar&quot; is used for short-run, varying properties. Similarly we use &quot;estar&quot; when we describe what we now do (&quot;estoy pensando&quot;), while we use &quot;ser&quot; for inherent properties and actions of the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2763" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T15:59:44.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5413" CreationDate="2014-04-04T16:09:47.077" Score="10" ViewCount="4394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the expression, “&lt;em&gt;next year&lt;/em&gt;” translated as both “&lt;strong&gt;el año que viene&lt;/strong&gt;” and “&lt;strong&gt;el año próximo&lt;/strong&gt;.” Are there regional preferences? Which one is more natural and why? Which translation is particularly used in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-04T18:43:57.893" LastActivityDate="2020-02-19T16:51:33.080" Title="“Que viene” vs “próximo”" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5411" CreationDate="2014-04-04T17:50:42.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are both interchangeable.  Both will be understood to be the same thing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Everything depends on the speaker, and what he/she wishes to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying &lt;code&gt;el año que viene&lt;/code&gt; would suggest that the new year is approaching though.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That is the only difference.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;el año próximo&lt;/code&gt; is a very generic way to say &lt;code&gt;next year&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;año que viene&lt;/code&gt; would be more like &lt;code&gt;The upcoming year&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T17:50:42.570" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5411" CreationDate="2014-04-04T18:44:42.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, I think hear &lt;code&gt;el próximo año&lt;/code&gt; the most, followed by &lt;code&gt;el año siguiente&lt;/code&gt;.  I don't know if I've ever heard &lt;code&gt;el año que viene&lt;/code&gt;, but I would understand it if I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Mexico is a big place, and it may vary widely by region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T18:44:42.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5418" CreationDate="2014-04-04T18:55:50.957" Score="3" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahorremos agua&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Ahorremos el agua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manzanas son frutas&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;La manzana es una fruta&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Manzana es una fruta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the above sets would be more appropriate? Spanish articles have always baffled me. To my ears, the sentences without any articles (i.e., the first ones) sound correct but I really need some expert opinion from native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T00:58:13.520" Title="Article usage in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5414" CreationDate="2014-04-04T21:36:38.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the first set both are correct. Because water is uncountable. I can't find a counterexample for uncountable nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second set only the second one is correct. For countable nouns you need an article.&#xA;Another options would be (for plural): &lt;strong&gt;Las manzanas son frutas / Las manzanas son unas frutas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T21:36:38.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5416" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-05T00:46:11.277" Score="5" ViewCount="1994" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should the subjunctive be used after the verb &quot;asegurar que&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence I am trying to write is &quot;La policía no se aseguraron que el niño tuviera un arma autentico o que él fuera una amenaza.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the use of the subjunctive tense correct here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2768" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-04-09T04:36:25.533" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T04:36:25.533" Title="Subjunctive with &quot;asegurar&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2014-04-05T00:56:26.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is correct, the subjunctive is the correct verbal time that you need to use there, as both actions were ocurring in the past but at the same time or shortly after. Here, some uses of the &quot;preterito imperfecto de subjuntivo&quot; form are explained: &lt;a href=&quot;http://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-subjuntivo/preterito-imperfecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-subjuntivo/preterito-imperfecto&lt;/a&gt; (I think this one is the first one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is in spanish, but I think you should be able to understand it, given that you're studying the more complex conjugations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, let me rewrite the sentence for you, and correct a couple other mistakes which you might want to edit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La policía no se aseguró de que el niño tuviera un arma auténtica o de que (él) fuera una amenaza&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La policía&lt;/code&gt; is singular even though it can be used as a collective name. Also, &lt;code&gt;arma&lt;/code&gt;is feminine, so even if you would use the masculine undetermined article &lt;code&gt;un&lt;/code&gt; (because the first syllabe is tonic and starts with a- or ha-) you must match the gender for the adjective and write &lt;code&gt;auténtica&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T10:05:55.770" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T10:05:55.770" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5414" CreationDate="2014-04-05T00:58:13.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the second set of examples, only the second one is correct. Unless you're using &lt;code&gt;proper nouns&lt;/code&gt; (&amp;quot;nombres propios&amp;quot;), you need to use articles to construct your sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es una fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Manzana&lt;/code&gt; is not a proper noun, so it needs the article. If an apple were to be assigned a name, say, its name is Ana (yeah, as in &amp;quot;Ana la Manzana&amp;quot;), then you could get away without articles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ana es una fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about the first set of examples...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are both correct. The difference with the examples in the second set resides in the order of the sentence. For example, both of these are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevemos manzanas (Let's bring apples).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevemos &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; manzanas (Let's bring &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; apples).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They express similar but distinct ideas; the first one states that we should bring apples, but it doesn't specify &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; apples (maybe they still haven't bought any?). The second assumes both the speaker and the listener know of which apples they are referring to. In fact, if the listener doesn't know of which apples the speaking is talking about, the most natural response would be &amp;quot;¿Cuáles manzanas?&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;Which apples?&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with that in mind, let's accept the following examples, which might make it clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevemos manzanas para comer durante el viaje (Let's bring apples to eat during the trip).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevemos las manzanas &lt;em&gt;que nos dio Roberto&lt;/em&gt; para comer durante el viaje (Let's bring the apples &lt;em&gt;that Roberto gave us&lt;/em&gt; to eat during the trip).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to the first set of you examples, the first one, &amp;quot;Ahorremos agua&amp;quot;, is about saving water, in a very general context. Which water? Well, all of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second example, &amp;quot;Ahorremos el agua&amp;quot;, is about saving water too. Which water? It may be, for example, the water they currently have in a bottle while they're crossing the desert! Or, in a very general context, the water of the world (all of it), which would make it equivalent to the first example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T00:58:13.520" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-04-05T01:32:18.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you did not grow up hearing these sounds, your brain will need time to acclimate to them. Just keep on studying, and in any case, you can always still read and write in Spanish, which are valuable skills sought by many employers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2756" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T01:32:18.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5429" CreationDate="2014-04-05T04:17:44.887" Score="3" ViewCount="4898" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir &quot;No existe nadie&quot;? Por ejemplo: &quot;No existe nadie que haya aprobado el examen&quot;. ¿Lo correcto sería &quot;No existe alguien que haya aprobado el examen&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2720" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T04:02:18.663" Title="¿&quot;No existe nadie&quot; o &quot;no existe alguien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-05T08:19:44.387" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto sería decir &quot;No existe nadie que haya aprobado el examen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2595" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T08:19:44.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-05T09:17:18.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto decir &quot;No existe nadie&quot;. La doble negación en español es una forma de enfatizar lo que se intenta comunicar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2758" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T09:17:18.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-05T11:44:15.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas gramaticalmente, depende del contexto y el uso que quieras hacer de ellas una es más correcta que la otra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo “no existe nadie” o “no existe alguien” podrían usarse en preguntas indirectas. Con la diferencia entre ellas que la doble negación enfatiza lo comunicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2769" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T11:44:15.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-04-05T12:14:42.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can continue studying Spanish, but it is better if you spend time working in phonetic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can try to help you with your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cama y gama  -&gt;  the difference between /k/ (the letter &quot;c&quot; is represented as /k/) and /g/ is that with /g/ you have to produce the sound using your throat, with /k/ you have not to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pino y vino/boca -&gt; the difference between /p/ and /b/ (the sound of &quot;v&quot; is /b/) is the difference use of your lips. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to learn that is that web, is easy and simple: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/spanish/frameset.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/spanish/frameset.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2769" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T12:14:42.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5427" CreationDate="2014-04-05T14:41:29.750" Score="1" ViewCount="6999" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know it will take &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; and in the present tense it’s easy to just say, “&lt;strong&gt;Estoy enfermo.&lt;/strong&gt;” But how do I say it in the past tense? Which one of the below would be correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estuve enfermo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estaba enfermo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T21:07:53.317" Title="“I was sick&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5426" CreationDate="2014-04-05T15:11:49.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;both are valid sentences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estuve enfermo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be heard as polite excuse, ie. (At the office, explaining to colleagues about your sick leave), Estuve enfermo la semana pasada {I was sick the last week}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estaba enfermo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;something that you would say to friends, ie (with friends and family), estaba enfermo y ya estoy bien {I was sick, now I'm great}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2771" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T17:27:37.987" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T17:27:37.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5401" CreationDate="2014-04-05T15:18:20.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A literal translation of that phrase would depend of the context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's about a movie, the phrase would be changed to something more specific&#xA;Por pudor nunca besaría frente a las cámaras. Out of modesty, she would never kiss in front of the cameras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's about kissing your screen(tv, monitor)&#xA;Por pudor nunca besaría la pantalla. Out of modesty, she would never kiss the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2771" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T14:53:26.120" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:53:26.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-05T22:43:16.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No existe nadie.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, once you use a negative in a sentence, everything else must also be negative in that sentence. This is different from English, since it does not allow double negatives, while in Spanish, double negatives are required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2756" LastEditorUserId="2756" LastEditDate="2014-04-15T16:44:34.273" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T16:44:34.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5436" CreationDate="2014-04-06T07:31:05.370" Score="3" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I need to translate is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your threats are never going to frighten me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am still not sure of the most appropriate word-order in Spanish and have ended up with the below three attempts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca me van a asustar tus amenazas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tus amenazas me van a asustar nunca.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tus amenazas nunca me van a asustar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if all of them are correct grammatically, I would still like to know which of those constructs are most likely to be heard in a real-life conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2020-10-20T15:06:32.413" LastActivityDate="2020-10-20T15:06:32.413" Title="Word order in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5435" CreationDate="2014-04-06T07:38:20.560" Score="3" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should “todo tipo” be pluralized when translating the phrase, “all types of”? Consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I grow all types/kinds of vegetables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the below would be the correct translation and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cultivo todo tipo de verduras.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cultivo todos tipos de verduras.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T11:18:04.947" Title="Pluralization of “todo”" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5448" CreationDate="2014-04-06T07:48:52.217" Score="2" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the below translation while browsing through a Spanish learning website today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You left your umbrella at the restaurant.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused about the use of &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; in this sentence. Why is it there? Would it be less appropriate to just say the below?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Has dejado el paragua en el restaurante.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know some verbs can be and are used as reflexives but I am still unable to understand such usage with the verb, &lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt; in this context because the object is “&lt;em&gt;umbrella&lt;/em&gt;”. So even if a reflexive particle were necessary, shouldn’t one be using &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; (referring to &lt;strong&gt;paragua&lt;/strong&gt;) instead in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T18:26:41.260" Title="Reflexive “dejar”" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5433" CreationDate="2014-04-06T08:13:13.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante&quot; is not less correct, and it is the way that it is used in Mexico. There are differences in usage in different countries, but all countries will understand you either way you say it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it is always &quot;paraguas&quot;, that is the name of the object: &quot;un paraguas, dos paraguas&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T08:13:13.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5432" CreationDate="2014-04-06T08:20:20.273" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are both right (except that you must add &quot;los&quot; as seen below) depending on what you mean. It depends on whether you grow vegetables of any type you want, or you grow vegetables of every type possible (which are not the same thing):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cultivo de todo tipo de verdura. = &#xA;You grow what you feel like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cultivo todos &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; tipos de verdura. = You really grow all types/kinds of vegetables there are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T17:22:25.127" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T17:22:25.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5431" CreationDate="2014-04-06T08:30:39.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely to be heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Nunca me van a dar miedo tus amenazas. (&quot;frighten&quot; is a deeper kind of fear than &quot;scare&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Nunca me van a asustar tus amenazas. (A threat doesn't surprise-scare you, it frightens you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Tus amenazas nunca me van a dar miedo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Tus amenazas nunca me van a asustar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;109992) Tus amenazas me van a asustar nunca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T08:30:39.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5437" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5439" CreationDate="2014-04-06T11:07:46.000" Score="2" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let’s consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esta carta fue escrita por Juan.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it translates into English as, “&lt;em&gt;This letter was written by Juan.&lt;/em&gt;” But won’t it also translate as, “&lt;em&gt;This letter was written in behalf of Juan&lt;/em&gt;”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we differentiate between the two meanings in Spanish if both translate as &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T17:46:45.240" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T17:46:45.240" Title="Ambiguity with “por”" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5440" CreationDate="2014-04-06T11:11:44.520" Score="2" ViewCount="7079" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do we translate the below sentence into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meat is the only source of income for them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La carne es el único ingreso por ellos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La carne es el único ingreso para ellos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La carne es el único ingreso a ellos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La carne es el único ingreso de ellos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:05:06.877" Title="Por vs. para vs. a vs. de" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5437" CreationDate="2014-04-06T11:15:44.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand your confusion, but the ambiguity there is inherent to using the word &quot;por&quot;, which has multiple meanings. You would have to use the context to translate. Also, there would be at least another meaning, &lt;code&gt;This letter was written because of Juan&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I can say that it would be very rare to actually say that sentence with any but the first meaning &lt;code&gt;This letter was written by Juan&lt;/code&gt;. The speaker would try to avoid the ambiguity using different words or adding some explanation. Such as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Escribí la carta en nombre de Juan&lt;/code&gt; (on his behalf)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Escribí la carta por culpa de Juan&lt;/code&gt; (negative connotation) or &lt;code&gt;Escribí la carta gracias a Juan&lt;/code&gt; (positive connotation) -&gt; (Because of Juan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T10:01:45.200" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T10:01:45.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2014-04-06T11:23:06.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La carne es el único ingreso para ellos&lt;/code&gt; would be the correct one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, google translate would've given you the correct answer too. &lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; is usually a pretty direct translation of &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt;, although I'm sure you could find some exceptions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the answer below for a better translation, and maybe change whether this is the accepted answer: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La carne es la única fuente de ingresos para ellos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="2676" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T10:09:37.470" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T10:09:37.470" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5442" CreationDate="2014-04-06T16:05:58.790" Score="14" ViewCount="108323" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see on stores that they have a sign that says &lt;code&gt;Se habla español&lt;/code&gt;. From first glance I would think that it is saying &quot;It speaks Spanish&quot;. How is it unambiguous that it is saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;We&lt;/em&gt; speak Spanish&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that &quot;We speak Spanish&quot; would be &lt;code&gt;Hablamos español&lt;/code&gt;. Are these both acceptable translations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T15:01:25.023" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T17:29:34.883" Title="Why does &quot;Se habla español&quot; translate to &quot;We speak Spanish&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-04-06T18:45:50.720" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translations would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se habla Español &amp;lt;&gt; Spanish spoken (here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hablamos Español &amp;lt;&gt; We speak Spanish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these phrases are all valid, and almost interchangeable. The overall meaning is never in doubt. People typing up these signs don't normally care about the precision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &quot;It speaks Spanish&quot; is not translatable as &quot;Se habla Español&quot;, but as &quot;Eso habla Español&quot;. Perhaps they mean a robot, or a smartphone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="2757" LastEditDate="2014-04-10T18:28:14.630" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T18:28:14.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2014-04-06T19:04:00.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To make a more natural sentence in spanish, it would require you to change your phrase a little. &quot;Meat is the only source of income for them.&quot; this time a literal translation fits better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literal translation -&gt; &quot;La carne es la única fuente de ingreso para ellos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2771" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T19:04:00.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2014-04-06T19:20:10.683" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most natural sentence in Spanish would actually be &quot;La carne es su única fuente de ingreso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T19:20:10.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-07T02:12:54.007" Score="0" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Spanish learner who didn't grow up listening to the tiny difference between similar groups like ta te ti to tu y da de di do du,pa pe pi po pu and ba be bi bo bu. It is not easy for me to hear and to speak the differences, but after training I may be able to speak them correctly. However, I need to think carefully before speaking it and I find that speaking the 'd' pairs is a bit harder and need more tongue movement.  So my question is: how do people speak these words correctly when they speak Spanish fast, because there is no time to do the tongue movement with the right part of the mouth? Is it still important to speak these similar groups correctly when speaking Spanish fast, or is it hard to speak them accurately when they speak fast. I am not able to hear the differences between them at all when they speak fast!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2672" LastEditorUserId="2049" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T12:04:44.907" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T12:04:44.907" Title="How do native speakers speak the correct pairs of words when they speak fast?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-04-08T10:50:11.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5446" CreationDate="2014-04-07T05:31:06.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;D does take longer than the other sounds, which makes it more difficult to speak fast. People either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Slow down for the &quot;d&quot; sounds. Used when speaking properly is more important than speed, like politicians.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Practice speaking fast so that their mouths can move faster and faster each time, like entertainers or radio djs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Make a partial &quot;d&quot; sound as a compromise to speed, it won't sound perfect but people will understand you were speaking fast. Like somebody who was running to give urgent news to someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always hated 1 and 3, so I practiced a lot until I could do it with amazing speed. I always felt it was worth it afterwards. However, if you're still learning the language, just slow down for &quot;d&quot; sounds and focus on more important aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T05:31:06.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5433" CreationDate="2014-04-07T11:27:13.953" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain both are correct, at least where I live (Basque Country), but they have tiny differences. What I understand when I hear both sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;te&quot; means that the umbrella was yours, as in your sentence &quot;You left &lt;strong&gt;your&lt;/strong&gt; umbrella in the restaurant&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refers to one umbrella, not necessarily yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say that the umbrella was yours without using &quot;te&quot; you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has dejado tu paraguas en el restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here is more common the first form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T17:52:27.543" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T17:52:27.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5433" CreationDate="2014-04-07T11:54:40.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reflexive form of &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt; indicates that the act was unintentional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante&lt;/strong&gt;: you forgot it there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Has dejado el paraguas en el restaurante&lt;/strong&gt;: you left it there on purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T11:54:40.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5431" CreationDate="2014-04-07T17:44:26.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De las tres opciones la más común es la tercera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tus amenazas nunca me van a asustar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera opción también es común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca me van a asustar tus amenazas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La que menos se utilizaría y hasta se escucha raro es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tus amenazas me van a asustar nunca.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastEditorUserId="2706" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T17:54:54.173" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T17:54:54.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2014-04-07T18:09:44.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he usado y he visto que usan &lt;strong&gt;responsivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como muchas palabras en inglés, sobre todo en tecnología, vamos adaptando la nueva terminología y aunque como dice AlexBcn lo correcto sería diseño adaptable creo que que 'responsivo' acabará por quedarse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T18:09:44.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2014-04-07T20:32:30.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Policía&quot; is also used as a collective noun, so you should use a singular form for the subjunctive. Being a past tense, you should write it as &quot;aseguró&quot;. The complete phrase would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La policía no se aseguró &quot;de que&quot; el niño no tuviera &quot;un&quot; arma &quot;aunténtica&quot; o &quot;de que&quot; él fuera una amenaza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Arma&quot; is a female noun for weapon and that's the reason why &quot;auténtica&quot; is the correct form of the adjective in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2042" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2014-04-08T01:52:43.817" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T01:52:43.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5432" CreationDate="2014-04-08T13:20:45.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first sentence is correct. You shouldn't pluralize &quot;todo tipo&quot; in this sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to use something like your second sentence? Well, I could say &quot;Tengo una plantación con todos los tipos de tomate que existen en mi país&quot; (I own a plantation with all the types of tomato that exist in my country). &quot;Noé trajo al arca a todos los tipos de animales&quot; (Noah brought to the ark all the kinds of animals&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T13:20:45.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2014-04-09T03:07:33.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Peru, a walnut is known as a &lt;em&gt;Nuez de Nogal&lt;/em&gt; and a pecan is known as a &lt;em&gt;Pecana&lt;/em&gt;. Brazil nuts are &lt;em&gt;Castañas&lt;/em&gt;, peanuts which are originally from there are &lt;em&gt;Maní&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Maníes&lt;/em&gt;. So your recipe would call for &lt;em&gt;Nogales&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Pecanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2786" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T18:30:33.017" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T18:30:33.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2014-04-09T03:13:43.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate your phrase as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La carnes es su unico ingreso. Or: La carne es su unica fuente de ingresos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the other forms sound awkward to my ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2786" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T03:13:43.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2014-04-09T13:12:32.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As pointed in other replies, the good answer is &quot;para ellos&quot;. &quot;for&quot; is almost always equivalent to &quot;para&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as a rule of thumb, you can use these translations if you have any doubts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;para&quot; = &quot;for&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;por&quot; = &quot;by&quot; (&quot;Escrito por Cervantes&quot; = &quot;Written by Cervantes&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;a&quot; = &quot;to&quot; (&quot;Voy a Madrid&quot; = &quot;I'm going to Madrid&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;de&quot; = &quot;of&quot; (&quot;Hecho de polyester&quot; = &quot;Made of polyester&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of exceptions, of course. For example: &quot;de&quot; can also be used as &quot;from&quot;, when indicating origin. So, &quot;I am from Madrid&quot; would be &quot;Soy de Madrid&quot;. But the rules above are good general guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T13:12:32.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5459" CreationDate="2014-04-09T14:23:07.087" Score="2" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;How did &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; come to mean so differently in Spanish while they both come from the same source, i.e., Latin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-09T22:01:14.020" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T22:01:14.020" Title="Por and Para origins" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5457" CreationDate="2014-04-09T14:53:27.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;para&lt;/a&gt; proviene del antiguo &lt;code&gt;pora&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/por&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por&lt;/a&gt; del latin &lt;code&gt;pro&lt;/code&gt; influenciado por &lt;code&gt;per&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes apreciar sus orígenes son distintos, aunque &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; en una de sus definiciones puede usarse en lugar de &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt;: 8. prep. Por, o a fin de. Para acabar la pendencia, me llevé a uno de los que reñían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T14:53:27.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5457" CreationDate="2014-04-09T15:10:22.710" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been researching a bit because I found the question really interesting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;POR&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; comes from the latin &lt;em&gt;pro&lt;/em&gt; (meaning forward, move forward; like &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;pro&lt;/b&gt;babilidad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;pro&lt;/b&gt;genitor&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;pro&lt;/b&gt;greso&lt;/em&gt;) with the influence of &lt;em&gt;per-&lt;/em&gt; (meaning through, complete; like &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;per&lt;/b&gt;plejo&lt;/em&gt;). Both come from the same indoeuropean root &lt;em&gt;per&lt;/em&gt; from where a lot of greek prefixes come from (&lt;em&gt;para-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;peri-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pro-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;proto-&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;PARA&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some say that the preposition &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;, previously used as &lt;em&gt;pora&lt;/em&gt;, comes from latin &lt;em&gt;pro ad&lt;/em&gt; (forward to), but others say that it comes from &lt;em&gt;per ad&lt;/em&gt; (for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that the sources are not exactly the same. We can say that one is related to the other, but it is not the same word. This difference between &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; happens also in Portuguese (they use the same words &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;), I'm not sure but also in French I think (&lt;strong&gt;par&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;pour&lt;/strong&gt; [some French-speaker check this please]), but it's not like that in Italian (&lt;strong&gt;per&lt;/strong&gt;). I guess they lost that distinction somewhere, however other languages did not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T15:10:22.710" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5463" CreationDate="2014-04-10T04:26:41.287" Score="4" ViewCount="1265" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to use &quot;pasado perfecto de subjuntivo&quot; or &quot;pasado perfecto de indicativo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have three sentences with possible choices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choices: sido, tomado, pasado, cambiado, tratado, tenido, conocido, podido, progresado, hablado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como su hermano era la persona menos ecológica que Claribel &lt;strong&gt;__&lt;/strong&gt; en su vida, a ella le gustaba muchísimo que por fin él hubiera tomado la decisión de intentar respetar más el medio ambiente. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ahora que habían pasado unas semanas, quería ver cómo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;__&lt;/strong&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No creía que &lt;strong&gt;__&lt;/strong&gt; posible que hubiera cambiado todos sus hábitos. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 1, I tried to use &quot;hubiera sido&quot; and &quot;había sido&quot;, but both are wrong.&#xA;For 2, I tried to use &quot;hubiera progresado&quot; and &quot;hubiera cambiado&quot;.&#xA;For 3, I tried to use &quot;hubiera progresado&quot; and &quot;hubiera podido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2791" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T00:36:44.393" Title="Pasado perfecto de subjuntivo o indicativo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-04-10T05:56:01.210" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se Habla Español&quot; is the equivalent of &quot;Spanish Is Spoken.&quot; &#xA;(*edited to reflect roy.fourson's good explanation on the lack of direct translation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that it is spoken &lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt; is inferred, and therefore it is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; necessary to write &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Aquí&lt;/strong&gt; Se Habla Español.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A brief note on usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the USA, &quot;Se Habla Español&quot; (&quot;Spanish Is Spoken Here&quot;) is very commonly used.  It is most often used in written signs, but rarely in speech.  It is considered polite and appropriate for formal business use.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablamos Español&quot; (&quot;We Speak Spanish&quot;) is also used, and it is correct.  However, it is a slightly more informal way to say it than &quot;Se Habla Español,&quot; and therefore in more formal business settings like banking it is not used as often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T17:46:31.697" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T17:46:31.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5461" CreationDate="2014-04-10T06:11:20.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1=habia conocido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2=habia cambiado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3=hubiera sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T06:11:20.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5382" CreationDate="2014-04-10T06:38:14.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will second Eric Andres's point in using &quot;querer&quot; with living creatures instead of &quot;gustar.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in much of Latin America, using &quot;gustar&quot; with humans usually insinuates a physical/sexual attraction.  With animals, even though it's (generally) certain that you're not saying that you find the cat sexually attractive, it might sound slightly off.  Best to err on the side of certainty and use &quot;caer bien.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Caer bien [a alguien]&quot; is closer in line with the way we use &quot;like&quot; in English when referring to another person, and can be used with an individual animal.  Querer is a bit stronger, like a light version of &quot;love.&quot;  &lt;em&gt;(The &quot;Querer vs. Amar&quot; discussion is another great topic, but not directly on topic in this thread.)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this reason, &quot;el gato &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; cae bien&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; cae bien el gato&quot; would sound more natural than gustar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My background:  I'm a native English speaker married to a native Spanish speaker. I have been fluent for 13 years, a certified healthcare interpreter for 5 years, and came to Stack Exchange to continue refining the fine details and nuances  :)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="2790" LastEditDate="2014-04-10T06:43:34.357" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T06:43:34.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2014-04-10T07:08:25.273" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Sentir&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;perdonar&lt;/strong&gt;', '&lt;strong&gt;disculpar&lt;/strong&gt;', and even '&lt;strong&gt;dispensar&lt;/strong&gt;' are all used depending on the reason for your apology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo sentimos, este teléfono ha sido desconectado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo sentimos, la lluvia ha arruinado el paseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're just being polite, it is not really your fault and beyond your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discúlpame por haber llegado un poco tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos remodelando, disculpe las molestias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe, ¿sabe a qué hora empieza la fiesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the equivalent of 'excuse me'. You are responsible for the action, but it is a small or easily-justifiable matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdóname por no haber ido a nuestra cita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Perdón por pisarte la mano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are responsible for the action, and it is a big deal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words to keep in mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Dispensar'&lt;/em&gt; is used by old people in Mexico, it is the equivalent of &lt;em&gt;'disculpar'&lt;/em&gt; and it is disappearing but will remain in written works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Con permiso'&lt;/em&gt; is the active and physical version of 'excuse me'. It always involves physical movement, like when leaving/entering a room or reaching in front of someone to grab something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Pesar'&lt;/em&gt; is used when something weighs heavily on you and is much deeper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pesa mucho no haberte creído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, &lt;em&gt;'dar el pésame'&lt;/em&gt; is what you would say to someone who has lost someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi más sentido pésame por la pérdida de tu papá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-04T17:25:53.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5432" CreationDate="2014-04-10T11:08:50.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They both make sense to me even without adding &lt;em&gt;&quot;los&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Might be compared to saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;any way of doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;any ways of doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;cualquier manera de hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;cualesquiera maneras de hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now with &lt;em&gt;&quot;all&quot;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;all way of doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;all ways of doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;toda manera de hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;todas maneras de hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we think of all sentences in the same sense, they sound correct. To try to get closer to my point, we could separate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;all [way of doing it]&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;[all ways of] doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's some uneasiness for adding &lt;em&gt;&quot;las&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;todas – maneras de hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; but if we understood &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;all way of doing it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; we can understand the former in the same sense, like something that can be called like separate things or as a whole, since all ways are correct, there's no difference in naming one or many; sorry if my explanation is fuzzy, my english is not excellent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2793" LastEditorDisplayName="user2793" LastEditDate="2014-04-10T11:18:04.947" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T11:18:04.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2014-04-10T15:34:12.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what's the worst about being a boxer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;poking your nose with the gloves...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a native Spanish speaker, and this was a way that I could find in English to still have some sense and some humour on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never heard the &quot;last straw&quot; in a sentence, so I would give my opinion in that, since &quot;colmo&quot;, you are referring as something bad about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least we use &quot;colmo&quot; like that in México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2771" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T09:28:18.203" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T09:28:18.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-04-10T16:32:28.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doctor's and Adriano's answers are correct, but not exactly right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se habla español&quot; has no direct translation to English because the language differs from Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Spanish is spoken&quot; translates literally to &quot;El español es hablado&quot;, even though it's not a common phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can conjugate certain verbs without having a subject. For example, &quot;Llueve&quot; is literally translated to &quot;rains&quot;, but that's not a correct sentence in English, where you must say &quot;IT rains&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, &quot;Se habla español&quot; means that someone has the hability to speak Spanish (implicitly: in that store, hospital, etc), but doesn't specify a subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2795" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T16:32:28.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-11T07:25:38.380" Score="15" ViewCount="4876" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am referring to the sounds made by the letters ⟨z⟩  and the soft ⟨c⟩ the way they’re said in Spain, like in the Spanish words &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt;. (This is the unvoiced dental fricative sound heard at the start of the English words &lt;em&gt;thin, thaw, thank, thirty,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;thigh&lt;/em&gt;, so /θ/ using the International Phonetic Alphabet.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin America learned Spanish from Spain, so why does American Spanish not pronounce those consonants the same way they say them in Spain, having originally learned Spanish from people from Spain? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did Latin America somehow decide at some point to start pronouncing ⟨z⟩, ⟨c⟩, and ⟨s⟩ all the same way? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or did Spain begin speaking that way after Latin America was already speaking Spanish? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one changed how those sounds are said, Spain or America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T15:59:54.833" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:23:30.620" Title="Why does Latin America not “lisp” consonants, having learned its Spanish from Spain?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2014-04-11T10:04:06.667" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always thought that the language evolved differently in each country, depending on the languages spoken in Latin America before Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Kulturkunde-LA/El%20espa%C3%B1ol%20americano.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El español llevado a América por los conquistadores evolucionó de distinto modo según las regiones y las zones de influencia de las lenguas indígenas. Todo dependió también del nivel de cultura de cada región: así no se puede comparar la región de Río de la Plata, de escasa cultura, con las altas culturas de los mayas y de los aztecas en Mesoamérica o la de los incas en los Andes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="2216" LastEditDate="2014-04-30T06:49:49.083" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T06:49:49.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2014-04-11T11:08:46.790" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is related to the readjustment of the sibilant consonants that took place during the XVI and XVII century, giving the origin to the current consonantal system of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The [s] advanced its point of articulation towards the interdental fricative unvoiced sound (/θ/). Some dialects didn't change this sound (Andalucía, Canarias, America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or did Spain begin speaking that way after Latin America was already speaking Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is true :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseo#Origins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseo#Origins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T15:23:30.620" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:23:30.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2014-04-11T12:01:38.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debido a la expansión después de la reconquista (1492) hacia el sur por parte de Castilla, mientras que la Corona de Aragon lo hacia al mar Mediterráneo (conquista del Reino de Napoles en 1504) recuerdo el papel de los Andaluces en Sudamerica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se comenta en otra respuesta el seseo es un rasgo y presente en la comunidad Andaluza y Canaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una entrada en la wikipedia que debate la influencia del Andalucismo, véase &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiandalucismo_%28ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anti-andalucismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado la cita que encontré en esa entrada que defiende su influencia, el libro es de 1688:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los nativos de la tierra, mal disciplinados en la pureza del idioma español, lo pronuncian generalmente con aquellos resabios que siempre participan de la gente de las costas de Andalucía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.es/books?id=g0_aRutPEw8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Historia general de las conquistas del Nuevo Reino de Granada, libro III, cap. III&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que el Antiandalucismo defiende la influencia de las lenguas propias de Sudamérica como el Maya, Náhuatl, Guarani, Quechua,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:20:42.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5478" CreationDate="2014-04-11T20:05:15.943" Score="1" ViewCount="3604" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually greet my friends in many different ways, like &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hola, guapa / bonita / amiga / etc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes with really close friends I would also use &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hola, princesa!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in a more perky way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is it OK to use &lt;strong&gt;cariño&lt;/strong&gt; for non-family members, even if those people are very good and close friends to you? I'm not really sure how much affection is applied by this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="2788" LastEditDate="2014-04-11T20:40:45.243" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T15:41:41.360" Title="How acceptable is to use Cariño for non-relatives?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5474" CreationDate="2014-04-11T21:22:35.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends highly on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Country (e.g. in Chile it would be acceptable, in Argentina the word is not very much used in this sense)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Socioeconomic level (amongst high-middle class it would be acceptable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sexism awareness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'd ask directly if the use would be OK among your group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="2757" LastEditDate="2014-04-14T15:41:41.360" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T15:41:41.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5474" CreationDate="2014-04-11T23:29:50.147" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;it depends also on the context, for example in Spain between friends, or in a relaxed environment,  is OK and pretty common, but in a (formal) work environment it can be seen as a sexist comment, pretty much like your boss saying &quot;honey&quot; or &quot;princess&quot; to a girl in a meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1669" LastActivityDate="2014-04-11T23:29:50.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5474" CreationDate="2014-04-12T00:19:23.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico is not a word a man would use for anybody but a spouse or daughter, not even a son.&#xA;For women is different, they would use it way more often and also depends on the socioeconomic level (amongst high-middle class it would be acceptable) (copy &amp;amp; pasted from above)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T00:19:23.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5461" CreationDate="2014-04-12T00:36:44.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que no estaba entre tus opciones pero la 3) suena mucho mejor así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) No creía que &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; posible que hubiera cambiado todos sus hábitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T00:36:44.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5482" CreationDate="2014-04-12T01:02:43.300" Score="8" ViewCount="3114" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are a mouse in a cartoon, and you want to tell a cat &quot;I don't taste good!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's clear how to conjugate &quot;&lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; when used in the sense of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;to taste&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;   - in &lt;em&gt;third&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;second&lt;/em&gt; person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It tastes&lt;/strong&gt; good = &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sabe&lt;/strong&gt; bien&quot; (or &quot;Sabe rico&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You taste&lt;/strong&gt; good = &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sabes&lt;/strong&gt; rico&quot;,  etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what about &lt;em&gt;first person&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I taste&lt;/strong&gt; good = ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sé&lt;/strong&gt; bien&quot; --- the same way as all other senses of the word?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sepo&lt;/strong&gt; bien&quot; --- like the similar verb &quot;caber&quot;, which is conjugated &quot;quepo&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sabo&lt;/strong&gt; bien&quot; --- as if the first person present tense of saber were not irregular?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé seems like it would be the obvious correct choice, but it sounds odd to me, and also to native speakers to whom I've posed this question.  I'm very interested in opinions on the matter - both whether the other two might be correct, as well as which sounds better... or perhaps at least which sounds &lt;em&gt;less&lt;/em&gt; strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagínate que fueras un ratón en una caricatura, y quieres decirle a un gato que no tienes buen sabor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es fácil conjugar el verbo “saber” con el sentido de “tener sabor” en &lt;em&gt;segunda&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tercera&lt;/em&gt; persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Sabe&lt;/strong&gt; bien”  o  “Sabe a pollo”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Sabes&lt;/strong&gt; bien” o “Sabes a pollo”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como lo hacemos en &lt;em&gt;primera&lt;/em&gt; persona?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Sé bien&quot; --- como normalmente se hace con “saber”?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Sepo bien&quot; --- igual al verbo similar &quot;caber&quot; que se conjuga &quot;quepo&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Sabo bien&quot; --- como si el verbo no fuera irregular en primera persona?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que la respuesta debería ser clara, que “Sé” seria la forma correcta, pero suena extraño – no solo a mí sino  también a algunos hispanohablantes nativos.  Me interesa mucho escuchar sus opiniones en si posiblemente las otras opciones podrían ser correctos, y también cual opción les suena mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="2790" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T01:32:39.473" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T15:55:18.847" Title="&quot;Saber&quot; in the sense of &quot;to taste:&quot; how should it be conjugated in first person?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5480" CreationDate="2014-04-12T01:25:47.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right, the correct is the first one, it conjugates as &quot;saber=to know&quot;; though it sounds a little odd. Some alternatives for &lt;em&gt;&quot;I don't taste good&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;No tengo buen sabor&quot; &#xA;&#xA;&quot;No soy/estoy sabroso&quot; (o &quot;rico&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: in some places (as here, Argentina) the word &quot;saber&quot; with that meaning (&quot;taste&quot;) is less used than the above alternatives, in general. Also, coloquially, we use &quot;gusto&quot; as synonym of &quot;sabor&quot;: (&quot;No tiene buen gusto&quot;). But it could be confusing to use it here, with an animated /personal subject, because then it would be understood as the analogous in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;El agua tiene mal gusto&quot; = The water tastes bad.&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Mi hermano tiene mal gusto (para la música)&quot; = My brother has bad taste (for music).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T01:31:49.867" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T01:31:49.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5480" CreationDate="2014-04-12T01:31:40.603" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saber:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este verbo se conjuga del mismo modo en todas sus acepciones, de manera que, con el sentido de ‘tener sabor a alguna cosa’, la primera persona del presente de indicativo es sé (y no sepo); &lt;strong&gt;así pues, se dirá Sé a sal (‘tengo sabor salado’)&lt;/strong&gt; de igual forma que se dice Sé matemáticas (‘tengo conocimientos matemáticos’). Esta forma de primera persona del singular del presente de indicativo debe escribirse con tilde, para distinguirla del pronombre átono se&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=saber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE - DPD 1.ª edición, 2.ª tirada - Real Academia Española)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he oído &lt;em&gt;sabo&lt;/em&gt;, sin embargo &lt;em&gt;sepo&lt;/em&gt; sí aunque lo correcto es &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T15:55:18.847" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T15:55:18.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5483" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5494" CreationDate="2014-04-12T09:32:44.043" Score="2" ViewCount="999" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to say that my neighbor broke his leg this summer and couldn't walk for 3 months which tense should I use:  &lt;em&gt;preterito perfecto&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;preterito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I've come up with (&lt;em&gt;indefinido&lt;/em&gt; in the first part):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este verano mi vecino se rompió la pierna y no ha podido caminar por tres meses.  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;    Este verano mi vecino se rompió la pierna y no pudo caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;But those two also look OK to me, although I am not sure they can be used when talking about specific period of time (&lt;em&gt;perfecto&lt;/em&gt; in the first part):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este verano mi vecino se ha roto la pierna y no pudo caminar por tres meses.  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;    Este verano mi vecino se ha roto la pierna y no ha podido caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;And then, if the sentence starts with specific tense, does it have to be the same tense in the second part as well? Could you give me similar examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T22:37:24.147" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T22:37:24.147" Title="Pretérito Perfecto vs. Pretérito Indefinido - which one is correct" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-12T16:11:50.393" Score="1" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an extension of the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5268/what-is-the-difference-between-using-de-and-que-for-the-english-word-to&quot;&gt;What is the difference between using &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; for the English word &amp;quot;to&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the sentence &quot;You have one minute to choose&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes un minuto para elegir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking the information from the other question I would've assumed that &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; because it is an informative statement. I don't think &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; can be used because it's not an obligation (I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why is &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; being used? And can you flesh out the differences between &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-04-13T18:41:57.827" Title="When should one use &quot;para&quot; for the English word &quot;to&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5484" CreationDate="2014-04-12T18:00:33.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; in the sentence above, wouldn't it change the meaning to:  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You have one minute of choice&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't make much scene, but consider this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tienes un minuto de paz / You have one minute of peace&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; is used to denote purpose, destination or need, while &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; is used to indicate possession. &#xA;I think this difference can also be clearly seen in those two examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tengo una copa de vino / I have a cup of wine&#xA;Tengo una copa para vino / I have a cup for wine&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both have different meaning and one cannot be a substitute for the other.  &lt;br/&gt;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;As for &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; I can't really think of an example where it can be confused with &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;You may check this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/pronouns/a/que_relative_pronouns.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/pronouns/a/que_relative_pronouns.htm&lt;/a&gt; and try to memorize which preposition is used in what situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="2788" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T18:12:19.833" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T18:12:19.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5484" CreationDate="2014-04-12T22:31:49.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a peculiarity of the English language that you have 40 minutes &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; lunch, but 40 minutes &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; eat it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we use &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) always, that's all. &lt;em&gt;40 minutos para el almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;40 minutos para comerlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T22:31:49.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2799" CreationDate="2014-04-13T04:06:46.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A la hora de los loros&quot; is an idiom indeed and it doesn't translate literally, but there are several English equivalents, such as: &quot;when it comes down to it&quot;, &quot;when you boil it down&quot; &quot;when it comes to the crunch&quot;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2812" LastActivityDate="2014-04-13T04:06:46.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5488" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-13T06:09:41.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definición o explicación del significado de una palabra/frase/expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definition or explanation of the exact meaning of a word/phrase/idiom, often in the manner of a dictionary note.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:48:58.630" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:48:58.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5489" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-13T06:09:41.870" Score="0" Body="Definición o explicación del significado de una palabra/frase/expresión. // Definition or explanation of the exact meaning of a word/phrase/idiom. " OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:48:58.630" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:48:58.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5490" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-13T06:17:23.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verbs or pronouns, describing reflexive actions in which the subject and the direct object are the same thing/person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llamo X.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Se lava las manos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verbos o pronombres que describen acciones reflexivas en las que el sujeto y el objeto directo son la misma persona o cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llamo X.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Se lava las manos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T23:37:43.220" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T23:37:43.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5491" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-13T06:17:23.840" Score="0" Body="Verbs or pronouns describing reflexive actions (subject and direct object are the same).&#xD;&#xA;Verbos o pronombres que describen acciones reflexivas (el sujeto y el objeto directo son el mismo)." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:50.563" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:50.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5483" CreationDate="2014-04-13T08:55:39.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This one is correct if he broke it this summer and now (3 months later) he STILL can't walk: &lt;em&gt;Este verano mi vecino se rompió la pierna y no ha podido caminar por tres meses.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is correct if he broke it this summer, and he WAS not able to walk for three months (but now can): &lt;em&gt;Este verano mi vecino se rompió la pierna y no pudo caminar por tres meses&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is also correct if he broke it this summer and now (3 months later) he STILL can't walk: Este verano mi vecino se ha roto la pierna y no ha podido caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the sentence starts with a specific tense, the second part does not have to be in the same tense. That would severely limit the language. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi vecino se rompió la pierna, y nunca volverá a caminar.&#xA;No me gustó tu sopa, y nunca la comeré otra vez.&#xA;Nunca volvere a ser feliz, me divorcié ayer.&#xA;Siento que me estoy enfermando, no iré a la escuela mañana.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-13T08:55:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5483" CreationDate="2014-04-13T13:26:37.153" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, a disclaimer, the usage of &lt;em&gt;'pretérito perfecto'&lt;/em&gt; (se ha roto) and &lt;em&gt;'pretérito indefinido'&lt;/em&gt; (se rompió) varies with the region. Some regions in Spain (like Leon) and I believe most of Latin America prefer the use of 'pretérito indefinido' over 'pretérito perfecto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite having said that, here I will describe the common usage in Spain. Both 'pretérito indefinido' and 'pretérito perfecto' are used to describe events in the past. The main difference is that &lt;em&gt;'pretérito perfecto'&lt;/em&gt;, as the present perfect in English, is used to link an event from the past to now, the present. Let's see how this applies to the sentences in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A) Este verano mi vecino &lt;strong&gt;se rompió&lt;/strong&gt; la pierna y no &lt;strong&gt;ha podido&lt;/strong&gt; caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence A is correct. It basically states that your neighbour has been unable to walk since he fractured his leg three months ago until at least today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B) Este verano mi vecino &lt;strong&gt;se rompió&lt;/strong&gt; la pierna y &lt;strong&gt;no pudo&lt;/strong&gt; caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence B is also correct, but the meaning is slightly different. Your neighbour fractured his leg some time ago and he was unable to walk for three months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C) Este verano mi vecino &lt;strong&gt;se ha roto&lt;/strong&gt; la pierna y &lt;strong&gt;no pudo&lt;/strong&gt; caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence C is incorrect, or at least I would say it is a poor choice of tense. There are at least two jarring points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Este verano'&lt;/em&gt; clashes with &lt;em&gt;&quot;se ha roto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which is &lt;em&gt;'pretérito perfecto'&lt;/em&gt; and thus is linking an event in the past to the present.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the same reason, &lt;em&gt;&quot;se ha roto&quot;&lt;/em&gt; also clashes with &lt;em&gt;&quot;no pudo caminar por tres meses&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;D) Este verano mi vecino se ha roto la pierna y no ha podido caminar por tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, &lt;em&gt;&quot;Este verano&quot;&lt;/em&gt; clashes with the use of &lt;em&gt;'pretérito perfecto'&lt;/em&gt;, because &lt;em&gt;'pretérito perfecto'&lt;/em&gt; links to now, but it's hard to interpret &lt;em&gt;&quot;este verano&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-04-14T11:30:30.840" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T11:30:30.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5474" CreationDate="2014-04-14T14:11:48.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that it depends a lot on the country and even region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some places I have seen &quot;cariño&quot; used among close frinds, mostly women. Also I have it seen used to mark distance (a superior woman calling an inferior &quot;cariño&quot; as a sign of superiority like the one has over her children).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T14:11:48.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2014-04-15T11:34:10.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other alternative, stronger than just &quot;lo siento&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;lo lamento / lo lamento mucho / lo lamento muchsísimo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also more formal than &quot;lo siento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T11:34:10.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-15T11:36:39.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think in this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Existe ALGUIEN que haya aprobado el examen?&#xA;&#xA;No, no existe NADIE (que haya aprobado el examen)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use a positive sentence you can use &lt;strong&gt;alguien&lt;/strong&gt;, but when you are using a negative one you must use &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T11:36:39.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-15T16:15:52.873" Score="1" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of these sentences are correct when describing a period of time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viví en España 3 años y durante ese tiempo &lt;strong&gt;fui&lt;/strong&gt; a la escuela y comí&#xA;  con mis amigos en la terraza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viví en España 3 años y durante ese tiempo &lt;strong&gt;iba&lt;/strong&gt; a la escuela y&#xA;  comía con mis amigos en la terraza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the difference is that &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; is the reoccurring action so in the 2nd example above, during the 3 years I lived in Spain I went to school more than once and I ate with friends more than once. But I also know that when you are talking about a specific period of time you use the &lt;em&gt;pretérito&lt;/em&gt;, example 1 above. So in this case which would be the best to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2824" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:56:27.273" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:56:27.273" Title="Do we use pretérito or imperfecto for a recurring action in the past?" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5499" CreationDate="2014-04-15T18:19:04.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's start with the ending: you didn't eat exclusively with your friends on the terrace, so you use the imperfect. Eating is a short event repeated an unspecified number of times, so the past perfect sounds wrong to me, unless you really ate for three years with your friends, on the terrace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;ir a la escuela&quot; bit is more ambiguous, you could argue for the use both past tenses: you definitely don't go anymore to that school, and it's a specific period of time, but on the other hand, maybe you didn't go to school every day. Maybe you want to use the imperfect to give a sense of &quot;unfinished business&quot;, maybe not. It's not incorrect to use either tense in that part of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this said, I'd use the second sentence. It's more &quot;undefined&quot;, thanks to the use of the past imperfect, and that's what I'd use. Note that I'd do the opposite in English if I were to describe a 3 months' stay in London, where I studied English and occasionally ate with friends on the school's terrace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a pedantic aside, I have to say that, in any case, the sentence feels forced. Really, you lived in Spain for three years and what you can tell us about that is that you went to school and you ate with friends on the terrace? Which terrace, by the way? That &quot;la&quot; is very definite. It also gives an image of you eating there day after day, in summer, and winter, under the snow... The combination of interesting (school -&gt; learning Spanish language and culture, making friends) and trivial (eating on the terrace) is really jarring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="2757" LastEditDate="2014-04-15T20:50:34.437" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T20:50:34.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5501" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-15T19:16:40.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Serie ordenada de las distintas formas de un mismo verbo o comunes a un grupo de verbos de igual flexión, con las cuales se denotan sus diferentes modos, tiempos, números y personas. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AKYxxuC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different versions of the basic form of a verb, that describes and identifies the person, the gender or any aspect of the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:09.330" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5502" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-15T19:16:40.773" Score="0" Body="Variaciones de la forma de un verbo. // Variations of the basic form of a verb." OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:04:09.330" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:04:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2014-04-15T19:32:15.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yet even another more formal way could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pido disculpas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pido perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2726" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T08:27:41.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5499" CreationDate="2014-04-15T22:57:31.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you're telling it like a story, giving people details and a play-by-play, as if it were from a book, you would use the 2nd example.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T22:57:31.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5391" CreationDate="2014-04-16T13:50:42.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also say &quot;chocolate a la taza&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T13:50:42.010" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5433" CreationDate="2014-04-16T18:26:41.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, both phrases are grammatically equivalent, with subtle differences in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, for example, adding &quot;Te&quot; usually implies blaming the person for what happened (you left it there because you were too distracted, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T18:26:41.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-17T02:41:59.107" Score="0" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could correctly pronounce 'da' 'de' pairs of letters, as many native speakers told me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;just put the tip of your tongue between the upper and lower teeth and against the back of front teeth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After training, I could pronounce them. However, I find another problem that when I speak a whole sentence, I always bite my teeth when I pronounce 'd' in the sentence, &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; when I speak it quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is so unnatural to pronounce this sound. I don't believe native speakers have the same problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There should have some methods to speak 'd' when speaking fast, can anyone give me some tips/suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2835" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T09:33:17.807" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:33:17.807" Title="Why I always bite my tongue when speaking spanish 'd' in the sentence" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5508" CreationDate="2014-04-17T03:09:01.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's all about practice.  You would bite your tongue a lot if you were just now learning to chew your food.  It just takes practice.  In the meantime, you can try closing your teeth more so your tongue can't fit in there, putting your tongue behind your teeth. That way you can't bite it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2049" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T03:09:01.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-04-17T04:02:18.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. Sin embargo el uso es distinto. En el caso de, &quot;No existe nadie que haya aprobado el examen&quot; es una afirmación sobre un evento que ha ocurrido en repetidas ocasiones. Por ejemplo si estas en la universidad y tienes un profesor que nunca pone un puntaje perfecto puedes decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No existe nadie que haya aprobado el examen&lt;/strong&gt; con un puntaje perfecto&quot;. De esta manera estás asegurando que no hay nadie que lo haya hecho anteriormente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &quot;No existe alguien que haya aprobado el examen&quot; es más común verlo en forma de pregunta dado que implícitamente se espera saber quien es ese alguien que ha aprobado el examen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2836" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T04:02:18.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5512" CreationDate="2014-04-17T16:02:30.400" Score="4" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I expect that the Spanish used on &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Spanish-language Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; is standard Spanish, or are they just articles originally written in English that have been translated into Spanish via Google Translate or Bing translate, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOW, are they a good learning tool for somebody learning Spanish, or will they lead me down the garden path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T07:45:15.283" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T23:06:59.963" Title="Does the Spanish Wikipedia use correct Spanish?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5511" CreationDate="2014-04-17T16:29:55.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Spanish Wikipedia is well written. I have not found cases in which the article has translation problems or so. That Android article is cool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion they are not translated automatically (almost) never, at least I don't do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia will take you the right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2439" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T16:29:55.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5511" CreationDate="2014-04-17T17:01:03.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I know the articles are written by native speakers, they aren't the translation of other articles, if you check the articles are different across the different languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Wikipedia to see how to translate a specific terms, in my case in computer related topics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see in the references, many of them are in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T17:01:03.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5511" CreationDate="2014-04-17T18:01:25.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can acces on the tab &lt;strong&gt;View history&lt;/strong&gt; up in the corner &lt;strong&gt;Ver historial&lt;/strong&gt; to see changes that has been done since the first time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android&amp;amp;action=history&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android&amp;amp;action=history&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And on the tab &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n:Android&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discusión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; you can see users discussing about changes to apply to that article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the history you can compare two versions and looking the version between &#xA; 22:50 10 mar 2014 and  09:17 11 mar 2014 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see how someone used a very rare translator...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Honeycomb&lt;/em&gt; translated as &lt;em&gt;Perropollo acho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gingerbread&lt;/em&gt; translated as &lt;em&gt;Gingerperro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android&amp;amp;diff=73107869&amp;amp;oldid=73099948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android&amp;amp;diff=73107869&amp;amp;oldid=73099948&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is something normal, everyone can edit an article, native speakers try to edit when they see that kind of errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the times is not a translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T23:06:59.963" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T23:06:59.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2014-04-17T21:27:34.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always think of the difference in the two as being .... is it with you? or is it on you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traigo las llaves&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would translate to &lt;code&gt;I bring the keys&lt;/code&gt; while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Llevo las llaves&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would translate to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I bring the keys with me&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I have the keys on me&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I'm carrying the keys&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I'm wearing the keys&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That last translation says it all.  If you bring something as in &lt;code&gt;traer&lt;/code&gt; , you are not implying that you actually have the object on you.  It's no different than saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Llevo dos años estudiando&lt;/code&gt;.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates as Me, carrying/wearing two years, like dead weight, worth of studying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traigo dos años estudiando&lt;/code&gt; makes no sense whatsoever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I will agree with the others in their describing llevar as to take out, I will also point out that after you take the food out you will be bringing it &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; another place in the end.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T21:27:34.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5391" CreationDate="2014-04-18T05:02:15.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, a lot of people simply say &quot;chocolate&quot;, although it can be misinterpreted easily. If you say something like &quot;chocolate con pan&quot;, it's always interpreted as hot chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="893" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T05:02:15.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5522" CreationDate="2014-04-18T10:25:59.860" Score="2" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno presiona la tecla F5 (o manzana + R en un MAC), el navegador refresca la página. Mi pregunta es si existe un sustantivo para este verbo? Existe &quot;refresco&quot; pero suena muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés no sé tampoco, pero en Francés sería &quot;rafraîchissement de la page&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os suena algo parecido en Castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-04-18T12:57:16.530" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T01:26:54.150" Title="Sustantivo de &quot;refrescar&quot; as in &quot;rafraichissement&quot; in French" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5518" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-18T10:28:18.040" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-04-18T10:28:18.040" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T10:28:18.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5519" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-18T10:28:18.040" Score="0" Body="The IT tag is used to specify that the context of the post will be the Information Technology context, in which many words are special and do not always make sense in other contexts. &#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Using context tags helps target the most qualified audience." OwnerUserId="831" LastEditorUserId="831" LastEditDate="2014-04-18T10:31:07.677" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T10:31:07.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5517" CreationDate="2014-04-18T11:11:01.437" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el sustantivo más adecuado será :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recargo&lt;/strong&gt; de la página&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que tiene 260 hits&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; en Google seguido por&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;actualización&lt;/strong&gt; de la página&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que tiene 147 hits y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;refresco&lt;/strong&gt; de la página&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que se encuentra 59 veces.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sub&gt;Resultados más relevantes excluyendo entradas muy similares.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T01:26:54.150" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T01:26:54.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5523" CreationDate="2014-04-18T12:12:38.513" Score="4" ViewCount="10930" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se separan en sílabas las palabras que tienen la secuencia de consonantes &lt;code&gt;tl&lt;/code&gt; entre vocales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;atlas&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿&lt;code&gt;at-las&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;a-tlas&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;atleta&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿&lt;code&gt;at-le-ta&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;a-tle-ta&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decatlón&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿&lt;code&gt;de-cat-lón&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;de-ca-tlón&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T22:37:49.040" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T02:51:49.953" Title="División en sílabas de palabras con -tl- (atlas, atleta etc.)" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5517" CreationDate="2014-04-18T12:34:06.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque suene mal la palabra sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;refresco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;Refresco se utiliza coloquialmente en el ámbito de las tecnologías de la información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo ocurre en inglés, sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;refresh&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T12:34:06.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5521" CreationDate="2014-04-18T12:45:05.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/at-lan-ti-co-o-a-tlan-ti-co-12213/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fundéu&lt;/a&gt; (asesorada por la RAE) da una explicación de cómo hacerlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El grupo consonántico &lt;em&gt;-tl-&lt;/em&gt; plantea problemas, porque se pronuncia de forma diferente en distintas zonas hispanohablantes. Dice al respecto el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) La secuencia de consonantes tl tiende a pronunciarse en sílabas&#xA;  distintas en la mayor parte de la España peninsular y en Puerto Rico:&#xA;  at - las, at - le - ta; en el resto de Hispanoamérica —especialmente&#xA;  en México y en los territorios donde se emplean con cierta frecuencia&#xA;  voces de origen náhuatl, en las que este grupo es inseparable (&lt;em&gt;tla -&#xA;  co - te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cen - zon - tle&lt;/em&gt;)—, en Canarias y en algunas áreas españolas&#xA;  peninsulares, ambas consonantes se pronuncian dentro de la misma&#xA;  sílaba: &lt;em&gt;a - tlas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a - tle - ta&lt;/em&gt;. Teniendo en cuenta estas diferencias,&#xA;  el grupo &lt;em&gt;tl&lt;/em&gt; podrá separarse o no con guion de final de línea&#xA;  dependiendo de si las consonantes que lo componen se articulan en&#xA;  sílabas distintas o dentro de la misma sílaba: &lt;em&gt;at- / leta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atle- / ta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como señala José Martínez de Sousa en &lt;em&gt;Ortografía y ortotipografía del español actual&lt;/em&gt; (Gijón: Trea, 2008, pp. 122-123), para evitar que quien pronuncia la palabra que contiene &lt;em&gt;-tl-&lt;/em&gt; de una forma la encuentre en un texto partida de acuerdo con la otra pronunciación, lo más recomendable es escribir &lt;em&gt;-tl-&lt;/em&gt; sin separación con la letra anterior ni entre ellas: &lt;em&gt;Atlán-/ tico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atle-/ ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atlas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T02:51:49.953" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T02:51:49.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2014-04-18T16:16:28.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; is used more in conversation, such as when someone is telling you a story. The listener often peppers his responses with 'claro' and 'claro que sí', in order to express the listener's affirmation and understanding of the story.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;code&gt;por supuesto&lt;/code&gt; is used more in declaring something true or obvious, such as, &quot;you are of course the idiot in this situation,&quot; or &quot;this is of course the way of doing it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2840" LastEditorDisplayName="user18936" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T22:51:45.797" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T22:51:45.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-04-18T19:22:38.540" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always been told that it's the passive voice.&#xA;&quot;Spanish is spoken (here)&quot; Passive&#xA;&quot;We speak Spanish (here)&quot; Active&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2846" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T19:22:38.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5517" CreationDate="2014-04-18T23:13:57.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En orden de mejor a peor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El término usado es &lt;strong&gt;actualizar&lt;/strong&gt;. No será la traducción apropiada, pero &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; el término que buscas. (Puedes probar con una búsqueda en Google introduciendo &lt;code&gt;actualizar f5&lt;/code&gt; y la sugerencia inmediata al presionar la tecla de espacio es &lt;code&gt;actualizar f5 mac&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recargar la página&lt;/em&gt;, es un buena traducción tambień. (respuesta de &lt;em&gt;ces&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refrescar&lt;/em&gt; es la traducción directa. Se entiende.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pero si usas la forma nominal &lt;em&gt;refresco&lt;/em&gt; de la página, aunque es correcto, la gente tardaría un par de segundos pensando qué querría decir eso. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-04-18T23:27:43.093" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T23:27:43.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5521" CreationDate="2014-04-19T00:14:04.167" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;en México siempre es de la segunda manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a-tle-ta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-04-19T00:14:04.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5530" CreationDate="2014-04-19T20:39:15.013" Score="3" ViewCount="3022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Google to translate phrases in my iPad app; when I have a phrase that starts with a capital letter in English, Google translates the phrase but starts with a lower-case letter.  Is this linguistically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2851" LastEditorUserId="250" LastEditDate="2014-04-19T21:48:38.523" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T18:58:50.813" Title="Do all Spanish sentences start with a capital letter?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5529" CreationDate="2014-04-19T21:51:44.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every sentence in Spanish must start with a capital letter. See clause 3.1 &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=mayusculas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2014-04-19T21:51:44.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5529" CreationDate="2014-04-20T01:38:58.567" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Grammar says so, Spanish sentences must start with a capital letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2439" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T01:38:58.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5535" CreationDate="2014-04-20T14:28:02.017" Score="2" ViewCount="2107" Body="&lt;p&gt;What word/phrase can one use to indicate to someone that you are &lt;em&gt;en route&lt;/em&gt; to a meeting point/destination and will arrive within a few minutes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In english, I usually use &lt;em&gt;coming&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;earlier in the day, my friend and I arrange to meet at 10:00pm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I arrive at 9:57pm (a few minutes early)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I send him a text saying, &quot;&lt;em&gt;I'm here.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;Estoy aqui.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in english he would usually respond, &quot;&lt;em&gt;coming&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2498" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T06:44:46.620" Title="How do you say &quot;coming&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-20T14:41:30.443" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The common expression in Spain would is &amp;quot;Estoy llegando&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of this also would work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estoy a punto de llegar&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Casi he llegado&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Llego en 5 minutos&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahora llego&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the simplest one would be &amp;quot;Estoy llegando&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T14:41:30.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-20T15:59:58.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;También es posible &quot;Estoy de camino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T15:59:58.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2014-04-20T16:11:11.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traer&lt;/em&gt; means carrying something to the speaker's location. &lt;em&gt;Llevar&lt;/em&gt; means carrying something from the speaker's location to somewhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T16:11:11.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-21T03:39:50.070" Score="7" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a sentence contains two verbs with different &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_(grammar)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Agent (grammer)&quot;&gt;agents&lt;/a&gt; must they be separated by a conjunction (e.g. que)? Or, can the second verb be in the infinitive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in the following sentence the agent of the first verb is you and the agent of the second verb is me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you advise me to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen two translations for this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué me aconsejas hacer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué me aconsejas que haga?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first translation, hacer is in the infinitive; in the second, they are separated by a conjunction (que). I was taught the second form. I would misunderstand the first because it seems to me that the indirect object (me) always applies to the infinitive if there are two verbs. I'd think the first meant: &lt;em&gt;What do you advise to do to me?&lt;/em&gt;. But, in this sentence the indirect object (me) should apply to the conjugated verb (aconsejar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are both translations grammatically correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which sounds more natural to a native speaker?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the first is correct then&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how can I know to which verb the indirect object is applied?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when can the second verb be in the infinitive when there's multiple agents (general rule)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm more interested in understanding the general rule than this example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2536" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-09-29T14:32:45.140" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T12:37:09.087" Title="Multiple verbs with different agents" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5538" CreationDate="2014-04-21T05:00:48.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both translations are perfectly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, both sound very natural to me (I'm from Uruguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué aconsejas que yo haga?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué aconsejas hacer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué aconsejas que haga?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's natural to and applies to &quot;me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talking about &quot;the rule&quot;, when it says &quot;me + verbo conjugado&quot;, &quot;me&quot; is the indirect object of the &quot;verbo conjugado&quot;. The direct object is obtained from conjugation and context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;What do you advise to do to me?&quot; translates to &quot;¿Qué me aconsejás hacerme?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the second verb can always be in infinitive. I can think no cases in which it cannot be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2439" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T05:00:48.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5538" CreationDate="2014-04-21T10:14:42.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would even say ¿Qué me aconsejas?. Hacer is already understood as part of the sentence even though it doesn't appear!, btw, both sentences are correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2860" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T10:14:42.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-21T12:40:44.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems more efficient and quick to say, &lt;code&gt;Ya vengo&lt;/code&gt;. or &lt;code&gt;Vengo ya&lt;/code&gt;.. for en route.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ya voy&lt;/code&gt; works just as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even, &lt;code&gt;Estoy viniendo&lt;/code&gt;, but that is a bit too formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-02T01:41:27.310" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T01:41:27.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-21T15:28:26.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as there are countless correct responses in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On my way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be there soon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Okay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be there in a jiffy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there are also countless possible responses in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy llegando.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy en camino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy en ruta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tardaré.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Okay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T15:28:26.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5538" CreationDate="2014-04-21T15:56:44.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Mexico and for me the first translation is more natural. I think in your sentence the main verb is advise, the second verb is used as a complement of your sentence that is why this is used as infinitive (using it as a noun) but the use of a conjunction is also correct and for me is to make a clarification of what you want to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T15:56:44.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5546" CreationDate="2014-04-21T16:53:58.683" Score="6" ViewCount="2715" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this in Barron's Spanish-English dictionary and it piqued my interest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;moro, –a&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I. adj (musulmán) Muslim&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. m, f Muslim&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;ser un ~&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;inf&lt;/em&gt; to be chauvinistic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;¡hay ~s en la costa!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;fig&lt;/em&gt; watch out!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;¡no hay ~s en la costa!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;fig&lt;/em&gt; the coast is clear!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like a sure way to get into trouble in the wrong crowd. Do Spanish speakers use the &quot;¡(No) Hay moros en la costa!&quot; expression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2117" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T13:43:19.450" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T11:07:35.780" Title="Do Spanish speakers use the &quot;¡(No) Hay moros en la costa!&quot; expression?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5545" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:03:16.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary definition is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Muslim&amp;quot; is translated as &amp;quot;Musulmán&amp;quot;, which means somebody belonging to a specific religion. &amp;quot;Moro&amp;quot; means somebody belonging to a specific race: those who invaded Iberian Peninsule and its descendants, part of the current non-bereber population of Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &amp;quot;(No) haber moros en la costa&amp;quot; is in no way pejorative, and can be safely used both in positive and negative forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of the word &amp;quot;moro&amp;quot; by itself is not pejorative if used in a historic way (e.g. if you are talking about the Almohade empire, the so-called Spanish Reconquest period or the Taifas), but it most probably is if you are using it today in a way that refers to North Africans in Spain, without specifying (e.g. &amp;quot;I was in a shop and it was filled with moros&amp;quot;). The only safe use of the term today for people is to indicate ethnicity: &amp;quot;La población marroquí actual se compone de dos ramas principales: moros y bereberes&amp;quot;. Even this one could be received as pejorative by some, even while it is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-02-22T11:07:35.780" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T11:07:35.780" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5545" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:07:40.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is actually used but It is not used to offend anybody. Actually I didn't know the origin of this but it seems to have one related with invasions as &lt;a href=&quot;http://mariopiccone.blogspot.com/2007/09/el-origen-de-la-frase-no-hay-moros-en.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog says&lt;/a&gt; and also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Moros%20en%20la%20costa.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-24T15:21:56.583" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T15:21:56.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5306" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:21:30.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your sentence 'trabajo' is not the conjugation of 'trabajar'. This is actually a &lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastEditorUserId="931" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T21:14:38.343" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T21:14:38.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5306" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:54:54.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you were to replace &lt;code&gt;trabajo&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;trabajar&lt;/code&gt;, it would read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;This great book is the result of years of working hard.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though trabajar isn't conjugated intp the gerund, it will still translate to the English gerund equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El trabajar es dificil&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Working is hard&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as others have said, &lt;code&gt;trabajo&lt;/code&gt; is a noun, not the 1st person singular present tense conjugation.  There are a lot of verbs that use their YO forms as nouns and most all of them are action verbs (not auxiliary).  Examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Usar&lt;/code&gt; =&gt;  `Uso' =&gt; El uso (The use)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayudar&lt;/code&gt; =&gt;  `Ayudo' =&gt; El ayudo (The help)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Procesar&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; &lt;code&gt;Proceso&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; El proceso (The process)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T17:54:54.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-21T18:36:46.463" Score="12" ViewCount="52221" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine from Argentina keeps saying to me &quot;a la orden&quot; and I asked her what it meant and she couldn't explain it. What does it mean? I would guess it means &lt;code&gt;okay&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-01-17T02:44:54.010" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T04:02:23.147" Title="What does &quot;a la orden&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5521" CreationDate="2014-04-21T18:53:36.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar una buena explicación sobre la silabación en &lt;a href=&quot;http://elies.rediris.es/elies4/Fon2.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt;. En particular, sobre tu pregunta, esa página dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ataque complejo está formado por un grupo de &lt;em&gt;/obstruyente/&lt;/em&gt; +&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;/líquida/&lt;/em&gt;, la única combinación consonántica permitida en posición&#xA;  prenuclear en español. &lt;strong&gt;La frontera silábica se situará ante ambas&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;consonantes (a-brazo)&lt;/strong&gt;, y puede coincidir con la posición inicial de&#xA;  palabra (brazo). Están formados por &lt;em&gt;/p, k, b, g, f/&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;/r, l/&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;/d, t/&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  + &lt;em&gt;/r/&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No consideraremos como tales las combinaciones /tl/ y /dl/&lt;/strong&gt;. Aunque la pronunciación varíe, &lt;strong&gt;creemos que el hablante culto, en una&#xA;  dicción cuidada, tiende a marcar la frontera silábica entre los&#xA;  segmentos: atlántico /at.'lan.ti.ko/&lt;/strong&gt; (cf. Navarro Tomás, 1918: 98 y&#xA;  156). No obstante, se han de estudiar los americanismos procedentes&#xA;  del náhuatl con el grupo ortográfico &lt;em&gt;tl&lt;/em&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(cursivas y negritas agregadas por mí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando por &quot;tl&quot; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; encontré esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) La secuencia de consonantes tl tiende a pronunciarse en sílabas&#xA;  distintas en la mayor parte de la España peninsular y en Puerto Rico:&#xA;  at - las, at - le - ta; en el resto de Hispanoamérica —especialmente&#xA;  en México y en los territorios donde se emplean con cierta frecuencia&#xA;  voces de origen náhuatl, en las que este grupo es inseparable (tla -&#xA;  co - te, cen - zon - tle)—, en Canarias y en algunas áreas españolas&#xA;  peninsulares, ambas consonantes se pronuncian dentro de la misma&#xA;  sílaba: a - tlas, a - tle - ta. Teniendo en cuenta estas diferencias,&#xA;  el grupo tl podrá separarse o no con guion de final de línea&#xA;  dependiendo de si las consonantes que lo componen se articulan en&#xA;  sílabas distintas o dentro de la misma sílaba: at- / leta, atle- / ta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T18:53:36.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2014-04-21T19:04:40.607" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México means something like &quot;at your service&quot; or &quot;at your command&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T19:04:40.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5272" CreationDate="2014-04-22T02:45:53.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might be kinda silly, but try saying &quot;pbpbpbpb&quot; or &quot;cgcgcgcgc&quot; and your mouth will simply get the difference. You'll notice that &lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt; is for &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; what &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; is for &lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt; can't be hold, it just has a dry pronunciation. &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; can be hold because you're using your lips to hold some of the air coming out of your mouth.&#xA;The difference is more clear in &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;, that's pronounced on a spot of your palate that can't hold it any long, and &lt;strong&gt;G&lt;/strong&gt; is pronounced slightly closer to your throat, on a looser/wetter spot where you can hold the letter as long as you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2793" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T02:45:53.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3221" CreationDate="2014-04-22T03:55:07.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://ankisrs.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Anki&lt;/a&gt; to learn vocabulary and memorize idiomatic sentence structure with great success. Anki is a free &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaced_repetition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spaced repetition system&lt;/a&gt;. It comes in a desktop version and mobile versions. Once you download it you can get free &lt;a href=&quot;https://ankiweb.net/shared/decks/spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;decks&lt;/a&gt; of the most common words or useful sentences. I'm currenlty using this &lt;a href=&quot;https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/2813133810&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;deck&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW, plain ole memorization didn't work for me in the beginning. I used Michel Thomas to learn grammar first. Now, I'm finding Anki to be a perfect follow-up to his method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2536" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T03:55:07.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2014-04-22T09:31:01.257" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A la orden&quot; is a military phrase meaning &quot;At your command&quot;, used to express the willing to serve to an official.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, the phrase slipped into the non-military language with almost the same meaning: the willing to make something requested by somebody you care about: a boss, a client, a friend or a relative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T09:31:01.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5558" CreationDate="2014-04-22T13:21:29.220" Score="6" ViewCount="1506" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that my Spanish teacher sometimes does not pronunce the letter &quot;s&quot; in some syllables. For example, she says Ih-rael instead of Israel. Or she says &quot;mah&quot; instead of &quot;mas&quot;. The thing is, she does this occassionally and doesn't seem to be aware of that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made a small researched about it and found out that this is something called s-aspiration and it is common among native speakers. But I wonder when and where does the letter &quot;s&quot; may become aspirated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2866" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-03-18T01:08:42.430" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T15:41:26.993" Title="Is there a rule for s-aspiration?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5557" CreationDate="2014-04-22T13:36:44.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Letter 's' is commonly aspirated at the end of words, and it may be aspirated as well at the end of syllabes when the next letter is another consonant. But as you said, it is common on native speakers but depends strongly on the region. Canary Islands have a strong aspiration, Cadiz has an absolute mutening of 's' at the end of words, Zaragoza use a quite strong final 's' and no aspiration on syllabes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T13:36:44.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5557" CreationDate="2014-04-22T16:02:37.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually the S is aspirated at the end of a syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not unlike the glottal stop for Ts in British English.  i.e&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bri - ish,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T16:02:37.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5560" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5562" CreationDate="2014-04-22T16:15:27.883" Score="4" ViewCount="855" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching a Mexican video once, and I heard it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A co-worker of mine claims to know it's meaning, translating it to &quot;dent&quot;, but I'm not quite sure, and I can't find any reference online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original context was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dejaste la mano toda churida, peor de lo que estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't quite post the original video since it's been removed from Youtube, but I remember the person who said it had his hand hurt and was being examined, but it seemed as if the doctor left it worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2633" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T17:21:24.777" Title="What does &quot;churir&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5545" CreationDate="2014-04-22T16:19:04.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After over 700 years of war between the Muslims and the Catholics, it is not hard to understand the origin of this phrase.  I repeat, 700 years of war!  This is not including the Conquest wars after 1492 (The year in which the 700 year war ended and the Conquest began)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase is no more pejorative than calling a Muslim a Muslim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could easily &lt;strong&gt;relate&lt;/strong&gt; this phrase to &lt;code&gt;The Redcoats are coming!&lt;/code&gt;.  Although, most have never said nor heard &lt;code&gt;The Redcoats aren't coming&lt;/code&gt;, the phrase &lt;code&gt;The coast is clear&lt;/code&gt; suffices to say the least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-02-21T20:38:37.473" LastActivityDate="2021-02-21T20:38:37.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5560" CreationDate="2014-04-22T16:27:41.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;code&gt;to wrinkle&lt;/code&gt;.  The word applies mainly to skin (fruit skin, human skin, etcetera).. it could also be applied to clothing if you think of it as.. &lt;code&gt;fabric skin&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Land can also be &lt;code&gt;churido&lt;/code&gt;, but land can also be referred to as the earth's skin.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Various synonyms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Withered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dilapidated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aged (visually and physically)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deflated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sunken in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dented (as you already mentioned)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dejaste la mano toda churida, peor de lo que estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You left my hand completely wrinkled, worse than it was already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-04-22T17:21:24.777" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T17:21:24.777" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5563" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5574" CreationDate="2014-04-22T19:48:31.160" Score="2" ViewCount="4241" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba haciendo ejercicios para el examen DELE C1 y había una pregunta de hueco: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues bien, resulta que contemplar el mundo en tres dimensiones espaciales resulta que es &lt;code&gt;______&lt;/code&gt; o más importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay alternativas de &quot;tan&quot;, &quot;mucho&quot; y &quot;tanto&quot;. Yo elegí &quot;tan&quot; pero la respuesta correcta sale &quot;tanto&quot;. Por qué? Pensaba que &quot;tan&quot; se usa para adjetivos y &quot;tanto&quot; se usa para sustantivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T11:05:05.223" Title="&quot;TANTO o más importante&quot; vs &quot;TAN o más importante&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5563" CreationDate="2014-04-22T20:37:10.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el uso de &lt;code&gt;tanto&lt;/code&gt; en tu pregunta dada sería corecto.  Típicamente, se usa &lt;code&gt;tan&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;tanto&lt;/code&gt; en el caso de comparación.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;tan[to] importante como&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;tan[to] [pon adjectivo aquí] como&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;tan[to] importante que&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos estos ejemplos indica una comparación completa.  Pero tu pregunta dada no trata de comparación.  &lt;code&gt;Tanto o más importante&lt;/code&gt;.  Falta la otra parte de comparación... el uso de &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este uso precede un operativo &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;más&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Este uso de &lt;code&gt;tanto&lt;/code&gt; indica una cantidad intangible.  Una cantidad de importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=662183&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=662183&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T20:37:10.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5567" CreationDate="2014-04-23T13:35:46.417" Score="0" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was presented with the following sentence and am wondering if this is formed correctly.  I had learned that you should not mix tenses but in this case it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; using past (albeit &lt;strong&gt;preterite&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que &lt;strong&gt;hice&lt;/strong&gt; lo mejor que &lt;strong&gt;pudiera&lt;/strong&gt; hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was reading about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/105&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;past perfect subjunctive forms&lt;/a&gt; and am also wondering if it would make sense to form it as the following or are they effectively similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que lo hubiera hecho mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the subjunctive is warranted simply because &quot;no creo&quot; but I struggle with these sorts of constructions.  Am I nitpicking or is this slightly off?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T14:58:19.637" Title="Mixing tenses in subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5565" CreationDate="2014-04-23T14:58:19.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first sentence is not formed correctly. Note that the positive, indicative form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;strong&gt;hice&lt;/strong&gt; lo mejor que &lt;strong&gt;podía&lt;/strong&gt; hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you change it to negative form, what needs to be in subjunctive is the main verb of the proposition you now distrust, which in this case is &lt;strong&gt;hice&lt;/strong&gt;. You need to use the &lt;em&gt;present&lt;/em&gt; perfect subjunctive, which is &lt;strong&gt;haya hecho&lt;/strong&gt;. The subordinate should stay in indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; creo que &lt;strong&gt;haya hecho&lt;/strong&gt; lo mejor que &lt;strong&gt;podía&lt;/strong&gt; hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although, as your sentence is in first person, it's better to use the infinitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; creo &lt;strong&gt;haber hecho&lt;/strong&gt; lo mejor que &lt;strong&gt;podía&lt;/strong&gt; hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your second sentence, its main problem is that it conveys a meaning which is in some sense opposite to that of the first. Your first sentence means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't think I did the best I could.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't think I would have done it better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T14:58:19.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5586" CreationDate="2014-04-23T21:16:35.763" Score="2" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a previous &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5560/what-does-churir-mean&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt;, it was established that the word &quot;churir&quot; means &quot;to wrinkle.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Churros,&quot; refers to a certain &quot;wrinkled&quot; pastry. Given their resemblance, is the one word essentially a derivative of the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T16:28:41.777" Title="Is the resemblance between the words &quot;churir&quot; and &quot;churros&quot; more than coincidence?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-04-23T21:26:14.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se habla is a verb construction called &quot;reflexive&quot; verbs. It refers to what one does to &quot;oneself.&quot; For instance, &quot;vestirse&quot; (in the infinitive) is to dress oneself. So &quot;hablarse&quot; (infinitive) or &quot;se habla (conjugated) español&quot; means, one speaks to &lt;strong&gt;each other&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more idiomatic English translation is, &quot;we speak Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you could say &quot;Hablamos español,&quot; but that's not as idiomatic a translation as &quot;se habla español.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T17:46:57.527" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T17:46:57.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5511" CreationDate="2014-04-24T10:38:14.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automatic translations are frowned upon in Spanish Wikipedia as you may imagine. However, I find them to be more or less common, especially in articles with few editions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're easy to spot if they have obvious grammar errors, of course. But sometimes the choice of words and expressions may reveal that an article is (or was originally) an automatic translation. For example, if an article says that is some place &quot;el español es hablado&quot; (a direct translation of &quot;Spanish is spoken&quot;) where &quot;se habla español&quot; feels much more natural for Spanish speakers, chances are that it was in fact automatically translated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rule of thumb would be to choose articles on general topics or topics well-known by Spanish speakers, because they will likely have been edited and supervised by many different authors. You can also try to go for articles that are highly rated by the community in terms of quality (artículos buenos / artículos destacados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T10:38:14.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5563" CreationDate="2014-04-24T11:05:05.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt; se apocopa en &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; exclusivamente cuando va seguida inmediatamente por un adjetivo, sin importar lo que venga después en la frase. No es el caso del ejemplo, ya que se interpone la construcción &lt;em&gt;o más&lt;/em&gt;; por consiguiente, la respuesta correcta es &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt;. Obsérvese la diferencia entre estas dos formas de construir la misma frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues bien, resulta que contemplar el mundo en tres dimensiones&#xA;  espaciales es &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt; o más importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues bien, resulta que contemplar el mundo en tres dimensiones&#xA;  espaciales es &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; importante o más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(He quitado el segundo &lt;em&gt;resulta que&lt;/em&gt; porque me ha parecido evidente que uno de los dos sobra; podríamos haber quitado el primero y dejado el segundo sin cambiar el sentido de la frase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre algo parecido en otros casos de apócopes. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; se apocopa a &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; en condiciones similares a las de &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este coche es &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este coche es &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; más grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T11:05:05.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5626" CreationDate="2014-04-24T14:26:26.230" Score="0" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;Duolingo asks me to translate &quot;Yo presento a los estudiantes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I entered: &quot;I present to the students&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says I'm wrong, and that it should be: &quot;I present the students&quot; or &quot;I introduce the students&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But wouldn't that be, &quot;Yo presento los estudiantes&quot; (without the &quot;a&quot; which I thought usally translates as &quot;to&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-25T02:45:36.087" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T02:56:54.790" Title="Is this Duolingo answer correct?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5575" CreationDate="2014-04-24T14:39:39.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;I present to the students&quot; you are implying that you will show something to the students.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: I present to the students the new book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo presento a los estudiantes&quot; means that you are introducing each and everyone of the students.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with Duolingo on this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T14:39:39.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5575" CreationDate="2014-04-24T18:03:11.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, when the direct object is a specifically referenced person, it is preceded by the preposition &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; (called the &amp;quot;personal a&amp;quot;).  This word has no English translation but is important in Spanish.  You also use this when referring to a pet (I can only assume that Spanish recognizes the importance of pets in our lives).  Note that &amp;quot;specific&amp;quot; does not necessarily mean &lt;em&gt;named&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Examine the following examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo necesito médico.  &lt;em&gt;I need a doctor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo necesito al médico Gonzales.  &lt;em&gt;I need Dr Gonzales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo levanto la mano. &lt;em&gt;I raise my hand.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo levanto a la muchacha.  &lt;em&gt;I lift the girl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to use your entered sentence it would need to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les presento a los estudiantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you are using a prepositional phrase (a los estudiantes) to identify the indirect object (les).  Literally translated (excuse the terrible literal translation) it would be &amp;quot;I present to them (to the students)&amp;quot;.  Using indirect objects is entirely another topic of conversation so I will leave it at that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T18:03:11.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5483" CreationDate="2014-04-24T21:48:36.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verano mi vecino se rompió una pierna y no podía caminar durante tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2874" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T21:48:36.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5426" CreationDate="2014-04-25T12:27:20.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you want to say, but I would say that &lt;code&gt;estuve enfermo&lt;/code&gt; is the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estaba enfermo&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/code&gt;. That means that we don't know if the action has end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba enfermo cuando llamaron a la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After knoking the door you still felt sick and we do not know when you felt OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estuve enfermo&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/code&gt;. We know this action ended in some point in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer estuve enfermo, por eso no fui al cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday you felt sick and you didn't go to the cinema. Now you feel OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice1.html#n34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Conjugación&lt;/a&gt; del verbo &lt;code&gt;Estar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T12:27:20.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5426" CreationDate="2014-04-25T12:33:33.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anytime that time is declared in the statement, or question, preterite is to be used.  Otherwise, you will use the imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preterito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayer, estuve enfermo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentences communicates completely that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You became sick yesterday but you are not sick today...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayer, estuve enfermo mientras comía la cena anoche&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By adding a complementary action or clause (or whatever the linguistic term is for it) that uses the imperfect you communicate that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You got sick while eating dinner last night, but you are not sick now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayer, estuve enfermo mientras comí la cena anoche&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just for education's sake, if you make both of them preterite, then you communicate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You got sick as soon as you ate dinner last night&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can add &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; in front of &lt;code&gt;comí&lt;/code&gt; and change it to&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You got sick as soon as you at all of the dinner last night&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ayer, estaba enfermo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentences communicates that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you were sick yesterday and you may or may not still be sick today&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use this form, the reader expects more to the sentence.  i.e,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you were sick when you were cooking dinner,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you were sick while listening to the speech,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you were sick because you ate bad food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you were sick, and it was a Thursday, and your uncle Joe had called asking for money again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on, and so on, and so on ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-04-27T17:31:58.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5585" CreationDate="2014-04-25T13:15:07.483" Score="1" ViewCount="709" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Mi mundo adorado&lt;/em&gt; por Sonia Sotomayor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esencia, era &lt;em&gt;un bar&lt;/em&gt; para estudiantes graduados en el que se&#xA;  vendían los tragos más baratos de New Haven. Como vicepresidenta de&#xA;  operacíones, él me contrató para trabajar en la puerta, recibiendo los&#xA;  boletos y comprobando las identificaciones.Yo hubiese preferido&#xA;  trabajar en &lt;em&gt;la barra&lt;/em&gt;, que pagaba mejor, pero era muy buena en el&#xA;  área de seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the &lt;em&gt;bar&lt;/em&gt; first referred to in the masculine and then later in the feminine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2877" LastEditorUserId="2877" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T19:36:28.440" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T19:36:28.440" Title="el bar / la barra" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5583" CreationDate="2014-04-25T13:17:42.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My best guess is that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;el bar&lt;/code&gt; refers to the actual building, the establishment,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while &lt;code&gt;la barra&lt;/code&gt; refers to the actual bar, the big wooden table the customers hover over while they drink and order more drinks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T13:17:42.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5583" CreationDate="2014-04-25T13:18:06.897" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El bar&quot; is the business, the place from the door to the toilets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La barra&quot; is the desk where the waiter works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is a copy from the english &quot;bar&quot; with the meaning of &quot;pub&quot;. The second one is the translation of the english &quot;bar&quot; with the meaning of, well, a bar inside a pub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T13:18:06.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5568" CreationDate="2014-04-25T16:28:41.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The etymology of the word &quot;churro&quot; is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/churro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;onomatopoeia&lt;/a&gt; of the sound of frying dough, so no, it's not the least bit related to &quot;churir.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T16:28:41.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2014-04-26T09:21:19.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think &lt;code&gt;Se veo los ojos&lt;/code&gt; is grammatically correct, as few others pointed out. It should be either &lt;strong&gt;se ven&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;me veo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the eyes would be both the agent and receiver of the action. If you want to say &lt;code&gt;I see his eyes&lt;/code&gt; just use &lt;code&gt;Veo sus ojos&lt;/code&gt; (eyes are now only receiver of the action).  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Como se ven los ojos cuando una persona no puede dormir?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ¿Como se ven los ojos de un animal ciego?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ¿Por qué se ven los ojos rojos en las fotos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which translates roughly to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do the eyes of a person who cannot sleep look like?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  What do the eyes of a blind animal look like?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Why do the eyes appear red (are seen as red) on fotos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastActivityDate="2014-04-26T09:21:19.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2014-04-26T12:59:12.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se veo los ojos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is something so incorrect grammar-wise, that you would never say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;SE&lt;/code&gt; they way you have is incorrect.  You have used it as an indirect complement and not only that, you have used as a substitute for le/les in a time when you need not substitute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be more grammatically correct to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le veo los ojos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translating to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I see his/her eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-26T12:59:12.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5591" CreationDate="2014-04-26T14:58:10.467" Score="2" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had to take the duoLingo &quot;Determiners/1&quot; test about 42 times to get it right; there seems to be no rhyme or reason to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of where I stubbed my toe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;0)&quot;¿Quién bebe de esta taza?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried: Quien bebe de este taza?&#xA;Correct answer is: ¿Quién bebe de esta taza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it &quot;esta&quot; instead of &quot;este&quot; because &quot;taza&quot; is feminine, I wondered? But that doesn't seem to be the case, because for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Es[e,o] vaso es grande&#xA;I tried: &quot;Eso&quot;&#xA;but the correct answer is: &quot;Ese&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Esos pájaros no son negros&quot;&#xA;I tried: &quot;These birds are not black&quot;&#xA;Correct answer is: &quot;Those birds are not black&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I finally got through the test primarily from memorization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this (or that) the actual Montezuma's revenge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:18:14.187" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T13:29:16.530" Title="Can someone give me an easy (or at least grokkable) rule of thumb for how to tell the difference between &quot;this&quot; and &quot;that&quot; and &quot;these&quot; and &quot;those&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5590" CreationDate="2014-04-26T15:33:33.137" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You were right on the first one &lt;em&gt;Is it &quot;esta&quot; instead of &quot;este&quot; because &quot;taza&quot; is feminine&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;But &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; is not the feminine of &lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso&lt;/em&gt; is a pronoun not an article, you can't use it to describe the place of a something, &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;the&quot; something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Échale eso a la carne. (Put that on the meat.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; could  be something like : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Échale ese condimento a la carne. (Put that seasoner on the meat.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the thing is that &lt;em&gt;eses&lt;/em&gt; doesn't exist and you will have to use &lt;em&gt;esos&lt;/em&gt; for the plural form, so is something like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa - that (article feminine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ésa - that (pronoun feminine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esta - that (article feminine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ésta - that (pronoun feminine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esas - Those (article feminine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ésas - Those (pronoun feminine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estas - These (article feminine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Éstas - These (pronoun feminine plural)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese - that (article masculine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ése/Eso - that (pronoun masculine/neutral)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Este - this (article masculine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Éste/Esto - this (pronoun masculine/Neutral)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esos - those (article masculine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ésos - those (pronoun masculine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estos - these (article masculine plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Éstos - these (pronoun masculine plural)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:26:14.250" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T13:26:14.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2014-04-26T19:50:47.113" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Te&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; refers to an action that I'm doing on you. For example &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Te quiero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; would mean &lt;strong&gt;&quot;I love you&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Here &lt;strong&gt;&quot;quiero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is an instance of the verb &lt;strong&gt;&quot;love&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Te&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the action &lt;strong&gt;&quot;quiero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; that I'm applying on you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native spanish speaker but with very little knowledge about grammatical structures. However I hope this helps you understand a little more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2885" LastActivityDate="2014-04-26T19:50:47.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5593" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5595" CreationDate="2014-04-27T16:01:57.867" Score="1" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been reading Spanish Dilbert comics &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gocomics.com/espanol/dilbert-en-espanol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentences I don't understand, I've been typing and entering into translate.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the phrase: &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Has visto el sujetador de corbata que me dieron por 20 años de servicio?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, it translated: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Have you seen the bra tie I got for 20 years of service?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there really such a thing as a &quot;bra tie&quot;? Or does &quot;sujetador de corbata&quot; mean a &quot;clip-on tie&quot; or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T21:15:00.557" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T21:15:00.557" Title="What does &quot;sujetador de corbata&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5593" CreationDate="2014-04-27T16:20:27.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if &lt;code&gt;sujetador de corbata&lt;/code&gt; is the right term, but it might be since in each country it might be called different. I think it refers to a tie clip. In Spain it is usually called &lt;code&gt;pasador de corbata&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;clip de corbata&lt;/code&gt;. Also &lt;code&gt;alfiler de corbata&lt;/code&gt; might be used, although I am not sure if it might be a slightly different complement to hold the tie in place clipping it to the shirt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2688" LastActivityDate="2014-04-27T16:20:27.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5593" CreationDate="2014-04-27T19:44:50.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a &lt;em&gt;clip-on tie&lt;/em&gt;, but a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie_clip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tie clip&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Google images gives you a good clue in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;bra tie&lt;/em&gt; is a clear case of bad automatic word by word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2014-04-27T23:33:01.303" LastActivityDate="2014-04-27T23:33:01.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-28T12:41:30.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can use this too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Llegaré en breve&#xA;Voy de camino o estoy de camino&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends the country and zone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2889" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T12:41:30.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-29T06:35:38.863" Score="4" ViewCount="1087" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hace tu padre?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo trabaja tu hermana?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué es vendedora tu madre?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the appropriate word order but it turns out to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué es tu madre vendedora?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to make sense of this? How to remember it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2892" LastEditorUserId="119" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T15:17:53.477" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T15:17:53.477" Title="Word order of questions" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5597" CreationDate="2014-04-29T06:54:24.737" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both options are correct. And others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, since the words are properly modified (the verb is conjugated, and the names and adjectives are coordinated), there is some elasticity to order them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is usually done for stylistic purposes, but can be done also for meaning reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Por qué es vendedora tu madre?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one stresses the fact that she is a seller. Would roughly be &quot;She is a seller. Why?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Por qué es tu madre vendedora?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one stresses the fact that the asker talks about your mother. Would roughly be &quot;Let's talk about your mother. Why is she a seller?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Por qué tu madre es vendedora?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one follows the standard order of words in Spanish: subject &quot;tu madre&quot;, verb &quot;es&quot;, predicate &quot;vendedora&quot;; so it does not stress anything in particular. This one is the standard way of asking this question in most Spanish-speaking places. But note that there are regional differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T14:33:02.857" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T14:33:02.857" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5590" CreationDate="2014-04-29T19:41:20.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Este&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Esta&lt;/code&gt; are used, when referring to nearby object, depending on the gender of that object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien bebe de esta taza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can never be &lt;em&gt;&quot;esto&quot;&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;code&gt;taza&lt;/code&gt; is feminine (la taza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when you say &lt;em&gt;&quot;These birds are not black&quot;&lt;/em&gt; you are referring to birds that are near. But in your example you have to translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esos pájaros no son negros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which corresponds to birds, that are not that close - &lt;em&gt;&quot;those birds&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;With the second example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese vaso es grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ese&lt;/code&gt; is correct here, because vaso is masculine (el vaso). &lt;code&gt;Eso&lt;/code&gt; is neuter and is normally used when the object was already mentioned, or when the gender cannot be determined or when describing an action. Like here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo que llamar a mis padres. No olvides eso  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  I have to call my parents. Don't forget that.  &lt;br/&gt;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Has hecho un lío. No me gusta eso.  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  You have done a mess. I don't like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just try and remember that &lt;code&gt;este/esta/esto/estos/estas&lt;/code&gt; are used for close objects and &lt;code&gt;ese/eso/esa/esos/esas&lt;/code&gt; for distant ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:29:16.530" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T13:29:16.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-04-29T20:53:14.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I arrived at 05:56 pm = llegué a las 05:56 pm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I gonna school = estoy yendo a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm coming from school = estoy viniendo de la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora yo estoy en la escuela, en poco tiempo volveré en para mi casa. Ahora estoy a camino de mi casa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2897" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T20:53:14.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5426" CreationDate="2014-04-29T21:07:53.317" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was sick = estaba enfermo... estuve enfermo... los dos están correctos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2897" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T21:07:53.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2014-04-30T05:19:29.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are too many different regional words for that. Not any answer about a signle word will be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain: Chupito (for the shot itself), Vaso de chupito (for the shot glass), Trago (for a measure of liquour in another beverage)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mexico: Caballito/Shot&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Peru: Trago corto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Chile: Corto/Shot  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-04-30T13:58:23.587" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T13:58:23.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2014-04-30T12:53:54.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always heard of it being referred to as &lt;code&gt;un trago&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the verb &lt;code&gt;tragar&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;to swallow&lt;/code&gt; so it makes the most sense anyway.&#xA;Where I'm from, in the Appalachian Mountains, I constantly hear my elders refer to &lt;code&gt;a shot&lt;/code&gt; as   &lt;code&gt;a swallow&lt;/code&gt;... or rather, &lt;code&gt;a swall'r&lt;/code&gt; if you want to get dialectical about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T11:44:50.513" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T11:44:50.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5483" CreationDate="2014-05-01T13:07:45.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nico's explanation about the differences in usage of both tenses is correct.&#xA;The main difference between both is whether the action has continued until the present, or whether it was just an event that happened and finished in the past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also like to mention that, in your translation, it would be better to use &lt;em&gt;durante tres meses&lt;/em&gt;, at least in Castillian Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T13:07:45.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5614" CreationDate="2014-05-02T15:46:55.640" Score="4" ViewCount="2015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a good translation that doesn't sound too technical. I read the definition of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;síntesis&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and found the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;compendio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; which has a definition which seems to match &quot;overview&quot; well, but I am unsure how common this word is used in everyday speech. I am really looking for a word that a grade school student would know. Any ideas? Do any other words come to mind? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1983" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-03T19:40:29.157" LastActivityDate="2014-05-03T19:40:29.157" Title="What is a good translation for the &quot;overview&quot; other than &quot;síntesis&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2014-05-02T18:15:59.257" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends a lot on the context, but as you mention &lt;em&gt;síntesis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;compendio&lt;/em&gt;, a word that is commonly used and has similar meaning is &lt;strong&gt;resumen&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other expressions to have in mind: &lt;em&gt;panorama&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;introducción&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;introducción general&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plan de la charla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T18:15:59.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="854" CreationDate="2014-05-02T22:30:39.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;de nada is used after Thanks - its means you're welcome - similar to the English  'it was nothing'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por nada is For Nothing.  Gracias por nada. Thanks for Nothing! used rudely if someone didn't do anything for you. I would use it if someone takes up lots of your time and then doesn't follow through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2920" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T22:30:39.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5621" CreationDate="2014-05-02T23:44:28.463" Score="22" ViewCount="8359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; is used in certain contexts meaning a temporary state (like emotion). Isn't &quot;time&quot; always temporary in that it is constantly changing? If so, why don't we use &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T04:50:55.003" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T04:50:55.003" Title="Why do we say &quot;Qué hora es&quot; instead of &quot;Qué hora está&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5617" CreationDate="2014-05-03T01:47:26.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ser&lt;/code&gt; is always used for temporal clauses, phrases about the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's actually more accurate to ask &lt;code&gt;Que horas son&lt;/code&gt; (in plural form) instead, because you have an 11 out of 12 chance of it being grammatically correct.  &lt;code&gt;Que hora es&lt;/code&gt; carries a bit of hope with it I suppose you could say.  It would be like asking someone &lt;code&gt;It's not past 1 yet is it?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, ser goes with time always, because one point in time and space cannot continue, or else we could travel into the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It didn't &lt;code&gt;used to be&lt;/code&gt; 5 o'clock yesterday, it was 5 o'clock yesterday for a whole minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There very first rule of &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; on this page&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishobsessed.com/spanish-grammar/ser-vs-estar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanishobsessed.com/spanish-grammar/ser-vs-estar/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;says that Ser is used for time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T12:24:28.767" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T12:24:28.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5617" CreationDate="2014-05-03T02:16:38.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verbs ser and estar, one of the most complex things to explain, since in english estar = to be and ser = to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SER: to be, as in &quot;To be or not to be&quot;, to have an intrinsic quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: be a good boy/sé un buen chico. she is a good girl/es una chica buena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ESTAR: to be someplace, to feel some way, to have some relative/external quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: she is good looking/está buena. He is busy/está ocupado. He is in Europe. Está en Europa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the time of the day is an intrinsic property of the day, and not some state, place or external/relative property, then you ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And please, never, and I mean never, use ¿Qué horas son? or worst yet ¿Qué hora son? unless you want to sound like an uneducated/ignorant person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time of the day at any given infinitesimal instant is only one for the exact point where you are standing, so you ask for the time in singular, not in plural, no matter what time of the day it is, 10, 12 or 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only acceptable instance where you can use &quot;que horas son&quot; is when you are generalizing about a certain time period of the day and complaining/asking about people doing certain things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué horas son estas de llegar? Literally: What hours are these to arrive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2925" LastActivityDate="2014-05-03T02:16:38.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5617" CreationDate="2014-05-03T21:43:24.797" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer has grown enough to require an outline. Here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;¿Qué hora está?&quot;*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;a state&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;an attribute&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;¿Qué hora está?&quot;*&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel tempted, like others, to write that Spanish uses the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to ask the time, simply, because that's the standard usage. One could imagine, like you have, that the &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; verb should be used instead. Here, I'm going to propose an explanation based on the usage of verbs &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Sections 2 and 3, I've described the difference in usage between &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. The main idea in that description is that &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is used to talk about a state that has changed or that it is expected to change in the future. If you think of &lt;em&gt;&quot;time&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as being a clock, as in &lt;em&gt;&quot;What is the time displayed on the clock?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, then you could argue that the use of &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is more appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when we ask for the time, we are only interested in knowing what the time is. We are not interested in clarifying that we know that the answer is for a specific time. Doing so would feel redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we are simply saying we want to know the time. But if it were correct to ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué hora está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we would be saying not only that we want to know the time, but also that the answer is going to change in the future. Since we don't do these mental acrobatics, that's why we use the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I reckon &lt;em&gt;&quot;temporary&quot;&lt;/em&gt; isn't the best word to describe the usage of verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I would rephrase this rule of thumb as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is used to express &lt;strong&gt;a state&lt;/strong&gt; of someone or something. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eva está mala (Eva is sick)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El aceite ya está caliente (The oil is already hot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is used to express &lt;strong&gt;an attribute&lt;/strong&gt; of someone or something. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eva es mala (Eva is bad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas guindillas son muy picantes (These chilis are very hot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;3. &lt;em&gt;&quot;a state&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;an attribute&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the comments to this answer has made realise that distinguishing &lt;em&gt;&quot;state&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;attribute&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the context of this answer is as difficult as distinguising &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the section above, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;attribute&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is simply used to mean a quality of someone or a property of something. (Note that I'm being careful here and I'm avoiding to say whether this quality or property is permanent or not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;state&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a quality of someone or a property of something &lt;strong&gt;at a specific time&lt;/strong&gt;. Thus, when we choose to use the verb &lt;strong&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, we are making the point that we are talking about a state that has changed or that it would be expected to change in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;4. &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hora&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; explains that, in the educated general register, the question &lt;em&gt;&quot;what time is it?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is asked as &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué hora es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. In this form, &lt;em&gt;&quot;hora&quot;&lt;/em&gt; does not mean &lt;em&gt;&quot;hour&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;&quot;the time of the day&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This dictionary also explains that the form &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, although less recommendable, is also admissible. It is found in some American countries, specially in the popular register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common use of &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué horas son?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, cited in this dictionary, is to express disapproval. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué horas son estas de llegar a casa? (What time is this to come back home?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T08:09:00.260" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T08:09:00.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-05T01:32:19.993" Score="-3" ViewCount="551" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard from some people that once lived in Spanish-speaking countries that old people in those countries usually speak a &quot;d&quot; sound instead of clearly speaking &quot;t&quot; sound when they get old, and they can't usually distinguish these two sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find this could be explained using a basic theory. Just consider how this two sounds are pronounced:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_dental_stop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;t&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (voiceless dental)&lt;/a&gt; should use your tongue to touch the back of the front teeth,  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_dental_stop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;d&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (voiced dental)&lt;/a&gt; should use your throat to pronounce.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When people get older, their teeth fall out. How can they pronounce the &quot;t&quot; sound clearly and accurately?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I want to ask whether this is true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2835" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-05-05T12:51:28.937" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T12:51:28.937" Title="Is it true that old Spanish native speakers tend to pronounce &quot;d&quot; instead of &quot;t&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-05-06T10:28:08.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5624" CreationDate="2014-05-05T01:48:45.630" Score="11" ViewCount="4488" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se dice &quot;one billion&quot; para la cantidad 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; (1,000,000,000).  Pero en español, he oído la cantidad &quot;mil millones&quot; para la misma cantidad (hasta en los periódicos).  Casi nunca he oído la palabra &quot;billón&quot; para decir 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde en el mundo suele decir &quot;mil millones&quot; en vez de &quot;billón&quot; en español?  ¿Dónde se dice &quot;mil millones&quot;? ¿Cuánto significa un billón?  ¿Será un billón equivalente a un millón de millones (10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;)?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No hay un lugar donde se use &quot;un billón&quot; para 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T20:25:09.757" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T20:25:09.757" Title="Enumeración: Mil millón vs. Billón" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;números&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5623" CreationDate="2014-05-05T02:03:21.787" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=billon&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;billón.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz procedente del francés &lt;em&gt;billion&lt;/em&gt;, ‘un millón de millones (10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;)’. &lt;strong&gt;Es inaceptable su empleo en español con el sentido de ‘mil millones’, que es el que tiene la palabra &lt;em&gt;billion&lt;/em&gt; en el inglés americano.&lt;/strong&gt; Para este último sentido, debe emplearse la voz &lt;em&gt;millardo&lt;/em&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Je1pVeggzD66DxjYzt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;millardo&lt;/a&gt;), procedente también del francés, o la equivalencia española &lt;em&gt;mil millones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Cuba usamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;billón para 10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;mil millones para 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se usa de la misma manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;millón es 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mil millones&lt;/strong&gt; ó millardo es 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;billón (un millón de millones) es 10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;trillón (un millón de billones) es 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lo adelante no aparecen en el diccionario ya que no son de uso común estas palabras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cuatrillón (un millón de trillones) es 10&lt;sup&gt;24&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;quintillón (un millón de cuatrillones) es 10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sextillón (un millón de quintillones ) es 10&lt;sup&gt;36&lt;/sup&gt; → &lt;code&gt;1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;septillón (un millón de sextillón) es 10&lt;sup&gt;42&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;octillón (un millón de septillón) es 10&lt;sup&gt;48&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;nonillón (un millón de octillón) es 10&lt;sup&gt;54&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;decillón (un millón de nonillón) es 10&lt;sup&gt;60&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesante link aportado por @Nico en los comentarios (Español):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalas_num%C3%A9ricas_larga_y_corta#Comparaci%C3%B3n_entre_la_escala_larga_y_la_corta&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalas_numéricas_larga_y_corta#Comparación_entre_la_escala_larga_y_la_corta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T20:23:23.263" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5622" CreationDate="2014-05-05T04:23:39.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this falls more into the category of the region. I have traveled to 2/3 of the States in Mexico and yes they might be a difference between pronunciation in different words but everything seems to come down to the part of the region you visit. People for example from the State of Oaxaca Mexico  tend to pronounce some words with the different sounds of others, a great example is when I was asking for direction, many people pronounce the Words 'S' like an 'h' like &quot;eh que dije que fuera a la tienda&quot; instead of &quot;es que dije que fuera a la tienda&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another state that I also visited was Guerrero which is nice tourist place where people would say words like &quot;Pescado&quot; as &quot;Pescao&quot; or &quot;Pescaoh&quot;, regardless I would not consider this event occurring as you grow older but as a matter of where individual live and shared common words. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1796" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T04:23:39.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5575" CreationDate="2014-05-06T02:56:54.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a chilean native speaker and I disagree with Duolingo. That phrase can either mean &quot;I'm introducing the students (to someone)&quot; or &quot;I'm presenting (some information) to the students&quot;/&quot;I'm giving a presentation to the students&quot;. When I first read the phrase I immediately thought of &quot;I'm presenting to the students&quot;. Either answer should be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T02:56:54.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5508" CreationDate="2014-05-06T08:42:36.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my case (native speaker), when I pronounce the D, the tip of my tongue barely touches the upper-inner part of my front teeth, and the upper part of the tip rests on the very beginning of my palate. Maybe you are forcing the tongue placement a little too much. You shouldn't need to feel you're moving your tongue forward, just upward to make it touch the palate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="782" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T08:42:36.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5628" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-06T11:07:31.973" Score="2" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just trying to write a little piece about myself but sometimes struggle with conjugation. &#xA;Is the correct tense &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; when describing myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que soy una persona muy independiente, pero un poco desordenada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2160" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T16:37:44.710" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T16:37:44.710" Title="Conjugation and tenses" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5628" CreationDate="2014-05-06T12:00:39.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  &lt;code&gt;Ser&lt;/code&gt; in the present indicative tense is the appropriate one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using any other tense would describe yourself in the past, or the future, or in a hypothetical situation (like in a fairy tale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estoy muy hablador&lt;/code&gt; would mean something like, &lt;code&gt;I'm talking a lot&lt;/code&gt;... while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Soy muy hablador&lt;/code&gt; would mean, &lt;code&gt;I talk a lot&lt;/code&gt; or more colloquially, &lt;code&gt;I'm a talker&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T15:59:01.813" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T15:59:01.813" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2014-05-06T12:17:38.157" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an obvious one to me.  Though I have no sources to back it up,  I trust my theory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before the &quot;Nuevo Mundo&quot;, everyone spoke the King's Spanish, the Catholic Spanish, the Spanish that was forced into the culture and criticized to the extent of punishment.  After the discovery and voyage to the New World, the strict Spanish-speaking rules did not apply.  Only the Conquistador would have been able to enforce the King's Spanish, and honestly, I don't believe the conquistadors would have had enough time to be worried about the strict Spanish-speaking etiquette.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin American Spanish is just the bastard language child of the King's Spanish.&#xA;U.S American Spanglish is the bastard language child of Latin American Spanish.&#xA;The examples are endless, especially when you consider how many bordering countries there are in the world that speak different languages. (i.e, Belgium &amp;amp; France, German &amp;amp; Polish, Russian &amp;amp; Ukrainian)... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T15:18:26.743" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:18:26.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5628" CreationDate="2014-05-06T12:43:33.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you did it well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need past you can use (yo era) or (yo he sido) and with future can be (yo seré)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2889" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T12:43:33.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5632" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5633" CreationDate="2014-05-06T15:11:19.043" Score="1" ViewCount="2614" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard people pronounce the Chilean city &quot;Val puh RI zo&quot;, but now that I'm learning Spanish I realize that can't be right; it must be something like: &quot;bval par uh EE so&quot; no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;paraiso&quot; means paradise, but what is the &quot;val&quot; part? Does Valparaiso mean &quot;paradise valley&quot; or &quot;paradisaic valley&quot; or...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T15:35:26.003" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T07:00:56.033" Title="What is the literal meaning of Valparaíso?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5632" CreationDate="2014-05-06T15:37:32.887" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the correct pronunciation would be&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Bal - pa - ra - EE - so&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al fracasar en su misión de encontrar metales preciosos en la Terra&#xA;  Australis, Almagro volvió a Cuzco donde comenzó una lucha fratricida&#xA;  con Pizarro. En este conflicto, se destacó en el bando de Pizarro el&#xA;  capitán &lt;strong&gt;Pedro de Valdivia&lt;/strong&gt;, cuya presencia ayudó a la posterior&#xA;  victoria sobre Almagro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A petición propia, &lt;strong&gt;Pizarro le otorgó a Valdivia permiso para&#xA;  &quot;conquistar&quot; Chile.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Su primer acto oficial fue la fundación de&lt;/strong&gt; la&#xA;  ciudad de &lt;strong&gt;Santiago de la Nueva Extremadura&lt;/strong&gt; en 1541, &lt;strong&gt;siendo designado&#xA;  Valparaíso&lt;/strong&gt; como su puerto natural el 3 de septiembre de 1544.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Val&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Valparaíso&lt;/code&gt; refers to the founder, and captain, Pedro de Valdivia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information, in English&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdivia#Independence_and_growth_.281811.E2.80.931959.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdivia#Independence_and_growth_.281811.E2.80.931959.29&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, literally, it would mean Val's Paradise. or Valdivia's Paradise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T21:11:33.630" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T21:11:33.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5632" CreationDate="2014-05-06T22:33:00.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;how say ailnlv, Valparaíso was never officially founded. indigenous of the area was called &quot;Aliamapu&quot; that means scorched earth. But nobody knows the real origin of the word valparaiso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please, visit this city, it's very very beautiful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4pBnyYaCoc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4pBnyYaCoc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2765" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T22:33:00.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-05-07T03:52:05.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers are great. I just wanted to give a list of what came to my mind immediately, if I were to hear a friend or brother say it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In parentheses are how they &quot;feel&quot; to me if I were to hear them)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya casí llego&lt;/strong&gt;  (I'm &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; there - feeling of your imminent arrival) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya voy&lt;/strong&gt;  (I'm already on &lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt; way - feeling of you in motion in that direction)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya vengo&lt;/strong&gt;  (I'm coming - feeling of you coming this way)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya voy en camino&lt;/strong&gt;  (I'm already on &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; way there - feeling of you being in the &lt;em&gt;process&lt;/em&gt; of traveling, more so than &quot;ya voy&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; adds a sense of being already in progress, quick, very soon, or imminent.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are subtle differences, but by comparing them you can get a better sense for how to communicate what you want in the way you want it to be heard.  Be aware that for something like this, there are going to be some regional differences, as a few have mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Spanish: Mexican, Guadalajara area.  See profile for language background.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="2790" LastEditDate="2014-05-07T03:59:23.530" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T03:59:23.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5534" CreationDate="2014-05-07T06:44:46.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain's Spanish, the most usual would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy de camino&lt;/em&gt;. You can use this even if you forgot about the date and just left. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy llegando&lt;/em&gt;. Usually implies you are close to get there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, you could omit &lt;em&gt;Estoy&lt;/em&gt; in informal language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2939" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T06:44:46.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5640" CreationDate="2014-05-07T06:49:27.220" Score="12" ViewCount="23548" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really speak Spanish, but I do know a few words and phrases here and there, and enjoy furthering what little knowledge I have. So, today I saw, in a Swedish newspaper, a reference to plantains (we call them &quot;cooking bananas&quot; over here), as being called &lt;em&gt;plátanos&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seemed wrong to me, as from what little experience I have, &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt; is the banana (the sweet kind), and &lt;em&gt;banana&lt;/em&gt; refers to the plantain. That's what I found when visiting Spain a few years ago, and that is what my girlfriend, who learned Spanish from Chileans, told me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, am I right in guessing that this is all a big jumble, and that there is no right or wrong, in the global sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2940" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T07:35:19.737" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T07:35:19.737" Title="&quot;Plátano&quot; and &quot;banana&quot;, geographical differences?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5623" CreationDate="2014-05-07T06:55:10.217" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya han indicado, un billón es un millón de millones y no mil millones. Para &quot;mil millones&quot; existe la palabra &lt;em&gt;millardo&lt;/em&gt; pero en España se usa muy raramente (solo recuerdo haberla visto una vez en los medios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en ambientes técnicos y periodísticos es frecuente que se dé el error, al hacer una traducción literal del inglés, de hablar de billones en lugar de miles de millones (prueba a buscar &quot;siete billones de personas&quot; en Google). No obstante, son &lt;em&gt;errores&lt;/em&gt; y no un cambio de uso en el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces he visto en áreas donde abundan las malas traducciones y se lee (y escribe) &quot;a la defensiva&quot; las expresiones &quot;billones americanos&quot; o &quot;billones ingleses&quot; y &quot;billones españoles&quot; para deshacer la ambigüedad, pero tampoco creo que esté extendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2939" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T06:55:10.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2014-05-07T07:42:03.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usage of the words &quot;plátano&quot; and &quot;banana&quot; depends slightly on the zones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can think that the most used usage is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Plátano&quot; is the name for a fruit coming from &lt;em&gt;Musa&lt;/em&gt; genre plants, that can be eaten raw. Known as a source of potassium, uses to be sweet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Banana&quot; is the name for a fruit coming also from &lt;em&gt;Musa&lt;/em&gt; genre plants, that must be fried in order to be edible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Banano&quot; and &quot;Cambur&quot; are regional synonyms for &quot;Plátano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. Canary Islands banana (raw edible) is exported as &quot;Plátano de Canarias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However, in some places the names are inverted! Which means Platano has to be fried and Banano can be eaten raw.&lt;/strong&gt; cf. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_%C3%97_paradisiaca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_%C3%97_paradisiaca&lt;/a&gt; and the comment from @Joze below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T14:16:34.113" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T14:16:34.113" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5642" CreationDate="2014-05-07T10:44:09.170" Score="4" ViewCount="1489" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer estaba viendo el informativo y dijeron esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que nunca ha tenido Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá es que yo no lo uso de esa manera, pero la palabra &lt;code&gt;nunca&lt;/code&gt; en esa frase no me suena bien. Yo hubiera utilizado frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca ha habido un presidente mas impopular en Francia que Hollande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francia nunca ha tenido un presidente más impopular que Hollande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O simplemente quitando la palabra &lt;code&gt;nunca&lt;/code&gt;, aunque el significado es menos dramático que el del ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que ha tenido Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, que a mi no me suene bien no significa que sea gramaticalmente incorrecta. Mi pregunta es, ¿se puede utilizar la palabra &lt;code&gt;nunca&lt;/code&gt; como en el ejemplo de la primera frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T17:34:31.840" Title="Posición de la palabra nunca en una frase" Tags="&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5641" CreationDate="2014-05-07T11:44:26.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema con esta sentencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que nunca &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; tenido Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es el adverbio &lt;em&gt;&quot;nunca&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, sino el uso del presente perfecto del indicativo, cuando el subjuntivo es más adecuado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que Francia nunca &lt;strong&gt;haya&lt;/strong&gt; tenido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de subjuntivo es necesario en esta frase, porque &lt;em&gt;&quot;que Francia nunca haya tenido un presidente más impopular&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es un hecho hipotético.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T11:44:26.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5641" CreationDate="2014-05-07T16:29:07.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi también me suena rara la primera frase, pues &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; no es necesario. La siguiente expresa lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que Francia ha tenido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;u&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular de Francia de todos los tiempos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca antes había tenido Francia un presidente tan impopular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si realmente requieres usar &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T16:29:07.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5645" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5646" CreationDate="2014-05-08T20:28:34.647" Score="1" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.translate.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.translate.com/&lt;/a&gt;, the translation of &quot;superajustada&quot; in to English is  &quot;superajustada&quot; - that's helpful! (not!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives for &quot;ajustada&quot; adjusted, so...superadjusted? What does that mean/Que significa eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:39:51.823" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T07:39:51.823" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;superajustada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5645" CreationDate="2014-05-08T21:11:07.500" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Super&quot; is a prefix that means &quot;very&quot; and &quot;ajustada&quot; means tight in its feminine form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it means &quot;very tight&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T21:11:07.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5647" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-08T23:44:25.690" Score="1" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find myself in possession of two editions of Assimil's Spanish course with a third edition on it's way. Namely I have the 1957 edition of Spanish Without Toil, and the 1987 edition (actually recent printing) of Spanish with Ease. I also have ordered, but have not received, the new English base version of L'Espagnol directly from Assimil. The 1957 and 1987 editions are definitely different and I believe the as yet unreceived L'Espagnol is also a new different text. All three have an English base. I am tempted to do one lesson from each edition every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody tried to work with multiple editions of Assimil in parallel? If yes, was it helpful? I suspect that eventually my enthusiasm may wane a bit but I think I can keep this up for 5 months or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be helpful? Am I confusing myself? Will I hate the name Assimil by the time I am done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2949" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T23:44:25.690" Title="Anybody Use Multiple Editions of Assimil in Parallel?" Tags="&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-05-09T08:14:39.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3017" CreationDate="2014-05-08T23:54:14.053" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;cuando digo &quot;voy a cruzar el río&quot; también me refiero a un río en particular y no lleva mayúscula. Por lo tanto no me satisface la explicación. Cuando hablo del gobierno regional no veo ninguna razón para usar mayúscula. Más bien veo una tendencia de la gente a ponerle mayúscula a las palabras que considera importantes. por ejemplo: director, gerente, etc., no llevan mayúscula, ni tampoco educación, ni tampoco independencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2950" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T23:54:14.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-09T01:49:54.347" Score="5" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in more &quot;experienced&quot; customer service agent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2951" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T10:23:15.287" Title="How do you say &quot;senior agent&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5649" CreationDate="2014-05-09T02:50:00.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term I would use would be &quot;Gerente&quot; or &quot;Supervisor&quot; which falls into the the category of Senior Agent/ Supervisor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1796" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T02:50:00.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5649" CreationDate="2014-05-09T05:54:39.070" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term 'senior agent' in the meaning of 'seasoned agent', which is what you seem to want, is not directly translatable into spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain (this is old enough that it is also related to other spanish-speaking countries) has a learning system at work that makes people start as apprentices (&lt;em&gt;Aprendiz&lt;/em&gt;) and then jump to fully featured workers as second-class handworkers (&lt;em&gt;Oficial de segunda&lt;/em&gt;). These can, with experience, become first-class handworkers (&lt;em&gt;Oficial de primera&lt;/em&gt;) with the same workload and kind of work. It just happens that they get more salary, and also that &lt;strong&gt;in the absence of a team leader&lt;/strong&gt; they become the team's head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is that &lt;em&gt;Oficial de primera&lt;/em&gt; is mainly used in handworking professions (builder, labourer, carpenter) but not in places where we would use 'agent' in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the wild, I would use &lt;em&gt;experimentado&lt;/em&gt; (seasoned) or &lt;em&gt;superior&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T05:54:39.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5649" CreationDate="2014-05-09T07:20:51.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There may be regional differences, but at least in the South American job market it is common to directly use the terms &lt;em&gt;senior&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;semi senior&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;junior&lt;/em&gt; for office job titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your example you could say &lt;em&gt;Ejecutivo senior de atención al cliente&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Ejecutivo de atención al cliente senior&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T07:20:51.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5641" CreationDate="2014-05-09T09:51:14.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ahora estoy convencido de que mi anterior respuesta no es correcta, no puedo borrarla porque ya ha sido aceptada. Gorpik me ha hecho ver en los comentarios que el problema con la sentencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que nunca &lt;strong&gt;ha tenido&lt;/strong&gt; Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es debido al uso del pretérito perfecto &lt;em&gt;&quot;ha tenido&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Gorpik argumenta que el hablante está declarando un hecho, que Francia nunca ha tenido un presidente más impopular, y que por tanto el uso del pretérito perfecto está justificado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta nueva respuesta voy a proponer una tesis alternativa. El problema de esta sentencia no se explica solamente con la posición del complemento adverbial &lt;em&gt;&quot;nunca&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, sino también por la posición del sujeto &lt;em&gt;Francia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El español, como mucho otros idiomas, tiene preferencia por el orden &lt;em&gt;sujeto-verbo-predicado&lt;/em&gt;. Es posible re-escribir la sentencia original de manera que siga este orden y suene más natural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que &lt;strong&gt;Francia ha tenido nunca&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-05-09T19:37:21.453" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T19:37:21.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5649" CreationDate="2014-05-09T10:23:15.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we take some English terms and don't traslate them, maybe Senior agent just mean &quot;Agente senior&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in some companies, the ranges are &quot;Programador junior&quot; or &quot;Programador senior&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2889" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T10:23:15.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5645" CreationDate="2014-05-09T12:26:27.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término super ajustada en español es un adjetivo calificativo que modifica al sustantivo y se utiliza generalmente cuando una persona tiene poco dinero, es un término a la moda, en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T12:26:27.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5660" CreationDate="2014-05-10T11:48:43.483" Score="1" ViewCount="3690" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al usar el préterito perfecto compuesto (&lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo he conseguido&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), ¿es correcto poner &quot;e&quot; en vez de &quot;he&quot;? La frase sería &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; conseguido&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Temo que sea correcto. Al hablarse, supestamente el &quot;h&quot; está omitido, pero quisiera pedirles la regla gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2960" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-16T13:19:48.083" LastActivityDate="2020-01-16T13:19:48.083" Title="¿Es correcto escribir &quot;e&quot; en vez de &quot;he&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5656" CreationDate="2014-05-10T12:53:50.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es correcto poner &quot;e&quot; en vez de &quot;he&quot;. Ni con la primera persona del verbo, ni con ninguna otra.&#xA;La razón es que el pretérito perfecto se construye con el presente del verbo auxiliar &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (y el participio del verbo que denota la acción) y este, y todas sus conjugaciones, siempre deben ir con hache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="2210" LastEditDate="2014-05-11T12:46:15.250" LastActivityDate="2014-05-11T12:46:15.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5656" CreationDate="2014-05-10T14:59:41.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien explico lordDark , no es correcto ya que he viene del verbo haber. lo que puedo agregar que como mencionas en tu pregunta, la H en español es muda al hablarla lo que no implica que no tenga un significado gramatical , la letra E sola se utiliza comúnmente como conector entre 2 palabras y la segunda palabra empieza con la letra I por ejemplo : Comunico e invito a participar de un evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T14:59:41.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-10T16:55:43.817" Score="1" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my job, I sometimes have to make a list of requirements for Spanish-speaking clients. This list entails certain appointments. For the &lt;em&gt;&quot;employment assessment&quot;&lt;/em&gt; I also write the phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;when scheduled&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I translate &lt;em&gt;&quot;when scheduled&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? Would it be &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando se programa&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando se programe&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? Not sure if I should be using the subjunctive....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, my clients are applying for temporary assistance. I give them a list of requirements that they must fill in to complete the application. These are usually things they might have to hand in or appointments they might have attend. So, the list might look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RESIDENCIA - (declaración de propietario)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VERIFICACIÓN DE DESCAPACIDAD - (la forma de evaluación física llenada por su médico)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  CITA CON IMA - (14 de Mayo, 2014- para evaluación psicológica)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  EVALUACIÓN DE EMPLEO - (cuando se programe)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes, depending on the situation, it might be &lt;em&gt;&quot;si se programe&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I wrote it in the subjunctive and my supervisor wants me to change it to &lt;em&gt;&quot;se programa&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2963" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-05-11T06:35:47.510" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T21:14:11.637" Title="How do I write &quot;when scheduled&quot; for a future appointment?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5656" CreationDate="2014-05-10T17:21:28.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo primero es clarificar que en español la &lt;em&gt;&quot;h&quot;&lt;/em&gt; no se pronuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos casos es posible explicar que una palabra se escriba con &lt;em&gt;&quot;h&quot;&lt;/em&gt; por razones etimilógicas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el verbo &lt;em&gt;&quot;haber&quot;&lt;/em&gt; proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;&quot;habere&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el verbo &lt;em&gt;&quot;hacer&quot;&lt;/em&gt; proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;&quot;facere&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. La &lt;em&gt;&quot;f&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;&quot;facere&quot;&lt;/em&gt; desaparece de la pronunciación, pero la ortografía converva la &lt;em&gt;&quot;h&quot;&lt;/em&gt; como un vestigio de su origen.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el nombre &lt;em&gt;&quot;herejía&quot;&lt;/em&gt; proviene de griego &quot;hairesis&quot; (αἵρεσις).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativamente, es posible consultar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; y confirmar que la Academia solamente reconoce la ortografía &lt;em&gt;&quot;e&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en los siguientes casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sexta letra del abecedario español, y quinta del orden latino internacional, que representa un fonema vocálico medio y palatal.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Signo de la proposición universal negativa.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Símbolo del número trascendente 2,7183, que es la base de los logaritmos neperianos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunción copulativa que sus sustituye a *&quot;y&quot; ante palabras que empiezan por i o hi, para evitar el hiato. Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Juan e Ignacio&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Padre e hijo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T17:21:28.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5656" CreationDate="2014-05-10T17:54:49.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cabe que resaltar que hay que tener cuidado con este tipo de error. En países de habla hispana, el uso de las hache es algo que se adquiere con el alfabetismo básico. El equivocarse al no usar hache en el caso mencionado, y también con el verbo &quot;hacer&quot;, es &lt;strong&gt;uno de los errores ortográficos más graves que pueden cometerse&lt;/strong&gt; y la valoración del autor queda muy disminuida después de cometerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2919" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T17:54:49.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5641" CreationDate="2014-05-10T18:08:20.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que en este caso es una mala traducción de una noticia del inglés al español.&#xA;Puede ser que la frase original en inglés haya usado &lt;strong&gt;ever&lt;/strong&gt; cuya traducción directa al español es &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt; y el traductor no haya reparado en el contexto de la frase al utilizarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2919" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T18:08:20.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2014-05-10T19:51:16.773" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agronomist here from Costa Rica. We call &lt;strong&gt;plátano&lt;/strong&gt; to the fruit that you need to cook. The cooking is necessary because this fruit had starch, but when is mature some of that starch turns to sugar, so is still sweet, but &lt;em&gt;starchy&lt;/em&gt;, so you still can eat it raw. We call &lt;strong&gt;banano&lt;/strong&gt; the fruit you always eat raw, because all the starch is converted in sugar when matures. If you cook a &lt;strong&gt;banano&lt;/strong&gt; in hot water or fried you make a caramel mess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ecuador, Costa Rica and Colombia are the 3 world main exporters of the sweet raw fruit, and in the three countries is called &lt;strong&gt;banano&lt;/strong&gt;. Most of the production of &lt;strong&gt;plátano&lt;/strong&gt; is for the local market and rarely is exported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the french called &lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;banane dessert&lt;/strong&gt; and to &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;banane plantain&lt;/strong&gt;, called only &lt;strong&gt;plantain&lt;/strong&gt; in french speaking African countries (&lt;a href=&quot;http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banane_plantain&quot;&gt;http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banane_plantain&lt;/a&gt;).&#xA;In portuguese, the sweet is &lt;strong&gt;banana&lt;/strong&gt;, and the starchy is &lt;strong&gt;banana-pão&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;banana-da-terra&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana&quot;&gt;http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the correct designation is &lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt; the sweet, and &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt; the starchy in the tropical hispanic countries. México, España, Chile and other non-tropical hispanic countries only use the word &lt;strong&gt;plátano&lt;/strong&gt; for the &lt;em&gt;banano&lt;/em&gt; because usually they don't know the starchy variety, that isn't exported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2919" LastEditorUserId="2919" LastEditDate="2014-05-10T19:58:13.000" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T19:58:13.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5659" CreationDate="2014-05-10T23:07:49.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following corrections to the original translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RESIDENCIA - (declaración &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; propietario)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I've corrected a missing article. Although &lt;em&gt;&quot;propietario&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a more common word, perhaps &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=arrendador&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;arrendador&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is more accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VERIFICACIÓN DE &lt;strong&gt;DISCAPACIDAD&lt;/strong&gt; - (&lt;strong&gt;certificado médico de incapacidad física&lt;/strong&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've corrected the spelling of &lt;em&gt;&quot;discapacidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and used the usual wording for a &lt;em&gt;&quot;medical certificate of physical disability&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CITA CON IMA - (14 de Mayo, 2014 - para evaluación psicológica)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what &lt;em&gt;&quot;IMA&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is. Everything else looks good to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EVALUACIÓN DE EMPLEO - (cuando se programe)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;concertar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando se concierte&quot;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjuntive is the right translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To decide whether subjuntive or indicative follows &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, learners of Spanish are usually told that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;for &lt;strong&gt;future actions&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is followed by subjuntive:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los participantes recibirán un correo cuando se programe la reunion&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(The attendants will receive an email when the meeting is scheduled)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;for &lt;strong&gt;habitual actions&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is followed by indicative:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los participantes reciben un correo cuando se programa una reunion&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(The attendants receive an email when a meeting is scheduled)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;for &lt;strong&gt;past actions&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;cuando&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is followed by indicative:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los participantes recibieron un correo cuando se programó la reunion&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(The attendants received an email when the meeting was scheduled)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-05-12T09:27:47.087" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T09:27:47.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2014-05-11T06:43:43.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;cambur&quot; is used in Venezuela for the sweat banana which you can eat raw. &quot;Plátano&quot; is in Venezuela for frying and cooking, but in some other countries (México and some Central American countries) the expression &quot;Plátano macho&quot; is for the one you cannot eat raw and simply the word &quot;Plátano&quot; is for the one which is sweat and you eat it raw. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In El Salvador they call the sweat banana &quot;guineo&quot; and plátano is the one for cooking or frying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2958" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-01-05T12:11:52.990" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T12:11:52.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5673" CreationDate="2014-05-12T08:02:33.533" Score="2" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El golpeteo de la puerta paró cuando me levanté aproximadamente a las 10&#xA;  de la mañana para beber un vaso de agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I also use &lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt; in this context? What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parar&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="8446" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T19:32:35.933" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T19:32:35.933" Title="Difference between &quot;arrastrar&quot; and &quot;parar&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5671" CreationDate="2014-05-12T08:18:36.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Arrastrar&lt;/code&gt; is not a synonym of &lt;code&gt;parar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/arrastrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arrastrar&lt;/a&gt; = To drag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/parar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Parar&lt;/a&gt; = To stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for a synomym for parar in your sentence, I would suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El golpeteo de la puerta cesó...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El golpeteo de la puerta se detuvo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T11:25:41.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5674" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T11:12:54.630" Score="2" ViewCount="3888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda con el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;&quot;elecciones&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y el imperfecto de subjuntivo en un ejercicio. El ejercicio dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegraba de que __&lt;strong&gt;(haber)&lt;/strong&gt;__ nuevas elecciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto creo que sería &lt;em&gt;&quot;hubiese o hubiera&quot;&lt;/em&gt; porque &lt;em&gt;&quot;elecciones&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo con significado singular, no plural, pese a llevar la &lt;em&gt;&quot;s&quot;&lt;/em&gt; al final. Pero podría ser ¿&quot;hubiesen&quot; o &quot;hubieran&quot;?. No estoy segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-15T06:25:45.783" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T06:25:45.783" Title="Sustantivo &quot;elecciones&quot; y el verbo &quot;haber&quot; (¿conjugación singular o plural?)" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5645" CreationDate="2014-05-12T11:19:00.767" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se utiliza cuando se habla con alguien para referirse a una persona del género femenino que lleva la ropa muy apretada o pegada a la piel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T11:19:00.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5674" CreationDate="2014-05-12T11:20:44.013" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque se trate de un sustantivo con significado singular, se coordina (los que se conjugan son los verbos) en plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vamos a votar a las Elecciones Europeas del día 25.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me alegraba de que hubieran nuevas elecciones.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T11:20:44.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5674" CreationDate="2014-05-12T18:22:37.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sería correcto &lt;em&gt;hubieran&lt;/em&gt;, en caso de que se refirieran a ellos/ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegraba que hubieran tenido tanta suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, se refiere a un hecho impersonal, &lt;em&gt;haber elecciones&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que siempre va a ser &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;hubiese&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T18:22:37.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5680" CreationDate="2014-05-12T19:29:27.230" Score="15" ViewCount="89707" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando escribo títulos en español, lo hago normalmente usando las reglas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ox.ac.uk/public_affairs/services_and_resources/style_guide/capitalisation.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;de Oxford&lt;/a&gt;, pero algunas características solo se aplican al inglés. ¿Existe una guía para escribir títulos de artículos, publicaciones, etc. en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:52:08.843" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T17:59:47.027" Title="¿Existe una regla para el uso de mayúsculas en títulos?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2536" CreationDate="2014-05-12T20:19:38.503" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that la mar is used when people are actually on the sea, travelling across, on the water. This may explain why sailors tend to use la mar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2973" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T20:19:38.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5678" CreationDate="2014-05-12T20:41:44.127" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas de la Real Academia Española, en su artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se escriben con mayúscula la primera palabra del título de cualquier obra de creación (libros, películas, cuadros, esculturas, piezas musicales, programas de radio o televisión, etc.); el resto de las palabras que lo componen, salvo que se trate de nombres propios, deben escribirse con minúscula: &lt;em&gt;Últimas tardes con Teresa, La vida es sueño, La lección de anatomía, El galo moribundo, Las cuatro estaciones, Las mañanas de la radio, Informe semanal&lt;/em&gt;. En el caso de los títulos abreviados con que se conocen comúnmente determinados textos literarios, el artículo que los acompaña debe escribirse con minúscula: &lt;em&gt;el Quijote, el Lazarillo, la Celestina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho más fácil que en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2018-11-21T10:55:38.407" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T10:55:38.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5674" CreationDate="2014-05-13T15:38:00.127" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe una regla simple: si, al pasar la oración al presente de indicativo (tal vez debas modificarla ligeramente para ello), el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;, tienes un caso de &lt;em&gt;verbo haber impersonal&lt;/em&gt;. Y la construcción impersonal siempre va en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me alegraba de que hubiera(n) nuevas elecciones.&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Me alegro porque hay nuevas elecciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tenemos verbo haber impersonal y debe usarse en singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me alegraba de que hubiera nuevas elecciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me alegraba de que ellos hubiera(n) venido a la fiesta.&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Me alegro porque ellos han venido a la fiesta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;han&lt;/em&gt; y tenemos una construcción personal, que puede ir en singular o plural según el verbo. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me alegraba de que ellos hubieran venido a la fiesta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T15:38:00.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5684" CreationDate="2014-05-13T16:18:44.240" Score="7" ViewCount="11839" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llevo más o menos tres años hablando español, dos de los cuales viví en Mexico. Pero algo que sigo sin entender es por qué, si es que hay alguna razón, decimos &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece?&lt;/strong&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te ofrezco?&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te puedo ofrecer?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que escucho esta frase es en una situación en la que no cabe duda quién va a ofrecer algo. Se me hace muy raro que la oración no se dirija directamente a la persona. ¿Alguien me puede explicar por qué es así? ¿Hay más oraciones parecidas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T16:38:45.180" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T16:38:45.180" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;¿qué se te ofrece?&quot; y no &quot;¿qué te ofrezco?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5683" CreationDate="2014-05-13T19:16:19.363" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que depende del nivel de cortesía de la frase y del significado que le quieras dar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué se te ofrece?&quot; es el uso más habitual y no tiene las mismas connotaciones que las otras dos frases. Vendría a significar &quot;¿Qué quieres?&quot; y no necesariamente tienes tú que estar ofreciendo nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué te puedo ofrecer?&quot; es mucho más educado y en este caso si que estás poniendo a disposición del receptor tus recursos. Sí que estás ofreciendo algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, si bien &quot;¿Qué te ofrezco?&quot; está bien formulado y tiene significado, no se usa habitualmente. Vamos, yo jamás lo he escuchado en ningún contexto social.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te haya servido de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T19:16:19.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5674" CreationDate="2014-05-14T04:35:15.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que el verbo principal está en imperfecto (me alegraba), el verbo de la subordinada &#xA;&quot;haber&quot; (en su forma impersonal) debe llevar el auxiliar &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; en imperfecto de subjuntivo, o sea que queda &quot;me alegraba de que hubiera /hubiese habido elecciones&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2982" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T04:35:15.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5688" CreationDate="2014-05-14T05:26:33.213" Score="2" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Cien anos de soledad&lt;/em&gt;, there is this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentaron una gitana en un extremo de la aldea e instalaron el catalejo&#xA;  a la entrada de la carpa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which as far as I understand, means that a single gypsy woman sat down at the edge of the village and installed the telescope at the entrance to the gypsy camp. But if a single gypsy woman sat there, why is &quot;Sentaron&quot; and not &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/sentar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sento&lt;/a&gt;&quot; used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2983" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T22:04:25.230" Title="Why is the plural third person preterite indicative used here?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5687" CreationDate="2014-05-14T06:55:04.180" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En marzo volvieron los gitanos. Esta vez llevaban un catalejo y una&#xA;  lupa del tamaño de un tambor, que exhibieron como el último&#xA;  descubrimiento de los judíos de Ámsterdam. &lt;strong&gt;Sentaron una gitana en un&#xA;  extremo de la aldea e instalaron el catalejo a la entrada de la carpa.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  Mediante el pago de cinco reales, la gente se asomaba al catalejo y&#xA;  veía a la gitana al alcance de su mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is &lt;code&gt;sentaron&lt;/code&gt; and no &lt;code&gt;sentó&lt;/code&gt; because the writer is refering to the rest of the gypsies, not the woman. The other gypsies seated the woman in one side of the camp, while the telescope was put in the other side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los padres sentaron al niño en la silla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The parents took the child and made him sit down in a chair. The child is the person that sat down, but the parents ordered it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="2216" LastEditDate="2014-05-16T22:04:25.230" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T22:04:25.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5683" CreationDate="2014-05-14T11:31:59.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ofrece&lt;/em&gt; es en este caso la tercera persona del singular (usted/él/ella)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece (a él)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece (a ella)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece (a usted)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el uso de &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; como complemento indirecto se emplea para sustituir &lt;em&gt;a ti&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece (a ti)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es incorrecto, pero no tan formal como al usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se le ofrece (a usted)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se le ofrece (a él)? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué se le ofrece (a ella)? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué te puedo ofrecer? &#xA;  Esta basada en la construcción &lt;em&gt;poder+infinitivo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;perífrasis modal de posibilidad&lt;/em&gt;, informa de la actitud del hablante. Válida y formal. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo similar: &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué se te ocurre?&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre conocidos es normal &lt;em&gt;¿Qué se te ocurre (a ti)?&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te ocurre (a ti)?&lt;/em&gt; pero no le diremos &lt;em&gt;¿Qué se le ocurre (a usted)?&lt;/em&gt;, solo cuando manifiestas un gran respeto a la otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual pasa en &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te ofrezco (a ti)?&lt;/em&gt;, entre amigos sí lo diré. Se parece más a una sentencia exclamativa e interrogativa a la vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué te ocurre?&lt;/em&gt; contra &lt;em&gt;¡Qué le ocurre?&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues añadiría a tus ejemplos &lt;em&gt;¿Qué le ofrezco?&lt;/em&gt; como válida y formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T13:44:56.297" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T13:44:56.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5687" CreationDate="2014-05-14T14:53:22.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The analysis is as itziki explains. The problems you find with such analysis are rooted in the fact that –as you might already know– in Spanish you are able to omit the subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, notice that you don't need the previous sentences to find your conjugation logically consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya cerraron la tienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;em&gt;cerraron&lt;/em&gt;? Who closed? The answer is who cares. It's an impersonal form, quite similar to the passive voice, in which you don't really care who perform the action. And that impersonal form is the third person in plural – also available in English, actually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moral:&lt;/strong&gt; If you don't find that consistence with the subject, the subject was mentioned before (as in itziki's asnwer), or it doesn't matter who performs the action, like here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T14:53:22.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5641" CreationDate="2014-05-14T17:34:31.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es simplemente una elección de estilo para hacer énfasis en el &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt;. En este caso,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hollande es el presidente más impopular que &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt; ha tenido Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la posición del &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt; le da un énfasis especial a la oración, similar a si se la hubiera escrito de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NUNCA&lt;/strong&gt; hubo un presidente más impopular que Hollande&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dando una inflexión especial, acentuada, en la intención, convirtiendo a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;nunca&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en el eje central de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2954" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T17:34:31.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5683" CreationDate="2014-05-14T18:40:42.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es usado por los vendedores, comunmente. Ellos &lt;em&gt;ofrecen&lt;/em&gt; mercancía y preguntan qué, entre los productos que venden. Significa entonces &lt;em&gt;¿qué le vendo?&lt;/em&gt;, en tal contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué se te ofrece?&lt;/em&gt;, en otras palabras, significa &lt;em&gt;¿qué necesitas?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T18:40:42.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4510" CreationDate="2014-05-15T03:17:59.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would add something to @Envite answer (I can't comment):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish the sound it's more important than the way of writing (always respecting the orthografy). This means that if a word changes you have to update the way you write it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the 'z' before 'i' and 'e' it's &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; forbbiden, it turns into 'c', except for very few words for ethimological reasons (&quot;enzima&quot;, &quot;zinc&quot;,&quot;azimut&quot;,&quot;nazi&quot;,&quot;zigzag&quot;) and in &quot;zeta&quot; (because is it's own name).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is important in making plurals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;procaz&quot; --&gt; &quot;procaces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;audaz&quot; --&gt; &quot;audaces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;pez&quot; --&gt; &quot;peces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;maíz&quot; --&gt; &quot;maíces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vez&quot; --&gt; &quot;veces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;nuez&quot; --&gt; &quot;nueces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;arroz&quot; --&gt; &quot;arroces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;luz&quot; --&gt; &quot;luces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;tenaz&quot; --&gt; &quot;tenaces&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;matiz&quot; --&gt; &quot;matices&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And a lot more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with the &quot;conjugación&quot; of the verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;cazar&quot; -&gt; &quot;cace&quot; (1ª s.), &quot;cacemos&quot; (1ª p.)…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;cocer&quot; -&gt; &quot;cuezo&quot; (1ª s.), &quot;cueza&quot; (another tense), …&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;zurcir&quot; -&gt; &quot;zurzo&quot;…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;sacar&quot; -&gt; &quot;saque&quot; (1ª s.) and &quot;saquemos&quot; (1ª p.).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T03:17:59.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5695" CreationDate="2014-05-15T11:07:34.817" Score="0" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Conseguido cambiar la información de usuario&quot; correct translation for &quot;succesfully changed users information&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T19:18:04.457" Title="Is &quot;conseguido cambiar la información de usuario&quot; correct transaltion?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5694" CreationDate="2014-05-15T11:20:39.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Grammatically yes, but I would say something like «Información de usuario cambiada correctamente» or «Cambiados con éxito los datos del usuario»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T11:20:39.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5700" CreationDate="2014-05-15T16:47:22.000" Score="1" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the proper way of saying&#xA;&quot;The count of &quot;something&quot; can not be smaller than..&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;la cantidad de &quot;something&quot; no puede ser más pequeña que..&quot;&#xA; or is it &#xA;&quot; el recuento de &quot;something&quot; no puede ser inferior que..&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Edit---------------------------------- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase I am trying to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Min phone count can't be smaller than 0&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastEditorUserId="2991" LastEditDate="2014-05-15T17:34:17.797" LastActivityDate="2014-05-17T11:23:52.167" Title="Ways of saying &quot;The count can not be smaller than..&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5699" CreationDate="2014-05-15T17:21:48.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It truly depends on what are you counting and what do you want to express exactly. It may be &quot;la cantidad&quot;, &quot;el recuento&quot;, &quot;la cuenta&quot;... If you edit the Question or leave a comment with a more close approach, or even the exact phrase you are having doubts with, I would be able to improve the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, the most common case will be &quot;la cantidad&quot;. Both &quot;más pequeña&quot; and &quot;inferior&quot; may work correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T17:21:48.380" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5694" CreationDate="2014-05-15T18:19:14.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &quot;La información del usuario ha sido actualizada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T18:19:14.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5694" CreationDate="2014-05-15T19:18:04.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some better translations would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se ha podido cambiar la información de usuario&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se ha cambiado la información de usuario&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work as a computer technician in South America but, I am from the US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2996" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T19:18:04.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5699" CreationDate="2014-05-16T16:32:56.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to some latinamerican comunications companies, it would be best translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La cantidad de minutos {telefónicos/&lt;strong&gt;consumidos&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;ingresados&lt;/strong&gt;} {no puede ser menor que/ &lt;strong&gt;debe ser mayor que&lt;/strong&gt;} cero&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could easily be understood the same way for spain, however might need to differ. The bolded alternatives would be more of universal spanish translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2997" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T16:32:56.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5699" CreationDate="2014-05-16T19:11:04.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is the simplest way to say it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La cantidad mínima (de minutos) es...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, phone companies here announce just the number of minutes, and differentiate between &quot;controlled&quot; lines (only those minutes) and &quot;open&quot; lines (they charge per second after that minimum)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3002" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-05-17T11:23:52.167" LastActivityDate="2014-05-17T11:23:52.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1362" CreationDate="2014-05-17T18:18:11.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Cuban for me the correct answer is &lt;code&gt;Plato Hondo&lt;/code&gt; (deep plate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3005" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-18T02:20:52.677" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T02:20:52.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5708" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-17T20:15:58.857" Score="2" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;I love empanadas. As I was eating one today, I guessed that &quot;empanada&quot; must mean something like &quot;breaded&quot;. A quick web search made me feel inordinately proud of my guess. But I can't yet find a name for the thing that's been breaded. It must be a feminine, of course. &quot;Torta&quot; seems wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: This question may be a duplicate of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4237/empanada-emparedado-and-their-genders&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;. The suggestion there is that &quot;carne&quot; is the implied word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2041" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T15:27:07.670" Title="What is the implied noun in &quot;empanada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-05-17T22:20:50.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be very different pie depending on the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empanada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empanada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An empanada (Spanish pronunciation: [empaˈnaða]; also called pastel in&#xA;  Brazilian Portuguese and pate in Haitian Creole) is a stuffed bread or&#xA;  pastry baked or fried in many countries in Southern Europe, Latin&#xA;  America, the Southwestern United States, and parts of Southeast Asia.&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;The name comes from the Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish verb&#xA;  empanar, meaning to wrap or coat in bread.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Empanadas are made by folding dough or bread around stuffing, which&#xA;  usually consists of a variety of meat, cheese, huitlacoche, vegetables&#xA;  or fruits, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2014-05-17T22:27:41.280" LastActivityDate="2014-05-17T22:27:41.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5713" CreationDate="2014-05-18T11:28:23.713" Score="1" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that phrasing a statement like this in English is usually considered a bit impolite, I am just wondering how it is done in Spanish or if there is an equivalent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;How about you ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;How about you don't judge people&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;How about you wait until dinner time before eating...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3008" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-05-18T18:30:58.127" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T12:31:19.893" Title="How to make (impolite?) suggestions like &quot;How about you don't ...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5711" CreationDate="2014-05-18T15:54:22.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's the same in Spanish: &quot;¿Por qué no dejas de juzgar a la gente?&quot; or &quot;¿Qué tal si esperas a la cena para...&quot;. But it's all about the tone you use, I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T15:54:22.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5711" CreationDate="2014-05-18T18:41:21.513" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor fórmula para&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How about you (don't) &lt;code&gt;verb&lt;/code&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una de estas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. ¿Por qué no &lt;code&gt;verbo conjugado en indicativo&lt;/code&gt;... ?  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. ¿No has considerado &lt;code&gt;verbo en infinitivo&lt;/code&gt;... ?  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. ¿Te parecería &lt;code&gt;verbo en infinitivo&lt;/code&gt;... ? or ¿Te importaría &lt;code&gt;verbo en infinitivo&lt;/code&gt;?  &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué no te esperas a la hora de la cena para comer?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿No has considerado esperarte a la cena antes de comer?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Te parecería esperar a la cena antes de comer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes añadir un toque de amabilidad usando un &lt;em&gt;condicional:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podrías dejar de criticar/juzgar a la gente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un toque de rudeza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt; no te esperas a la hora de la cena para comer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;X=&lt;/code&gt; demonios, chingados, carajo, coño, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorDisplayName="user14382" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T12:31:19.893" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T12:31:19.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-18T22:49:03.823" Score="2" ViewCount="2662" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a hard time knowing when to use a reflexive pronoun before a verb.  I understand when they are used before reflexive verbs but I often see them in front of non reflexive verbs too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, here is a paragraph from a story I had to read for my Spanish homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tradición de día de los muertos tiene su origen en una celebración indígena.  Se celebra principalmente en Mexico y Estados Unidos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why do you have to put &quot;Se&quot; in front of celebra- &quot;Se celebra&quot;?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does this change the meaning compared to if you just wrote &quot;celebra&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example,&#xA;What is the difference in meaning between: Sí te puedes y sí puedes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3009" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-19T13:10:40.760" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T06:56:13.993" Title="What is the difference in meaning between: se celebra &amp; celebra?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5714" CreationDate="2014-05-19T02:53:47.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is necessary to show the correct use of '&lt;em&gt;celebra&lt;/em&gt;' in a passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;(se celebra = es celebrado/celebrada)&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; (it) is celebrated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se celebra principalmente en Mexico y Estados Unidos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is celebrated mainly in Mexico and USA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Without '&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;', '&lt;em&gt;celebra&lt;/em&gt;' turns into active voice = (&lt;em&gt;he/she/it&lt;/em&gt; celebrates)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A deeper explanation can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Real Academia Española, in Spanish)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3011" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-19T13:12:05.057" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T13:12:05.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5711" CreationDate="2014-05-19T06:48:29.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal si &lt;code&gt;oración en indicativo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also has an impolite and condescending tone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rough translation: &quot;How is it if you ...?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal si dejas de juzgar a los demás?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal si te esperas a la hora de cenar para comer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the option with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no &lt;code&gt;oración en indicativo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is perfectly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T01:13:52.213" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T01:13:52.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5714" CreationDate="2014-05-19T08:12:49.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactly, in this case &lt;strong&gt;Se celebra&lt;/strong&gt; would be in passive voice, what is called &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;. You could use &lt;strong&gt;celebra&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;celebran&lt;/strong&gt; if you have a subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Él) celebra su cumpleaños este viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you put some example for the case &lt;strong&gt;Sí te puedes&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sí puedes&lt;/strong&gt;?. I would say you need a comma: &lt;strong&gt;Sí, te puedes&lt;/strong&gt; + sentence, or &lt;strong&gt;sí, puedes&lt;/strong&gt;. Otherwise it is probably not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, te puedes ir a la hora que quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedo coger uno? Sí, puedes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T08:12:49.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5714" CreationDate="2014-05-19T12:24:26.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se celebra&lt;/code&gt; translates to &lt;code&gt;They celebrate&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;which is how we, English speakers, would say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &lt;code&gt;Aquí se celebra Navidad en Pascua&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Here, they celebrate Christmas on Easter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not &lt;code&gt;they&lt;/code&gt; as in 3rd person plural, but rather, &lt;code&gt;they&lt;/code&gt; as in the people here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we are giving instructions we tend to say things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You mix the milk in with the eggs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se mezcla el leche con los huevos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You soak the bread in the mixture&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se moja el pan en la mezcla&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You cook the bread&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se cocina el pan&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the best real world example to understand this passive &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo se dice 'something' en español?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates semantically as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How do you say 'something' in Spanish?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but literally as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How is 'something' said in Spanish?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cómo dice...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translates to something indicative&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How does he/she/it say ... ?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where there is a pronounced subject in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-19T18:13:33.237" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T18:13:33.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-05-19T12:36:53.310" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word for &lt;code&gt;breaded&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;empanizado&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;empanado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that the verbs &lt;code&gt;empanizar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;empanar&lt;/code&gt; each mean &lt;code&gt;to bread&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whoever mentioned the translation &lt;code&gt;breaded thing&lt;/code&gt; was the most accurate, because that's exactly what it is.  The em- preffix suggests that something is inside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Spanish and Latin American culture has two kinds of breads,  &lt;code&gt;de harina&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de masa&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;If the bread you are using to &lt;code&gt;empanar&lt;/code&gt; something is masa, then the verb goes from being &lt;code&gt;to bread&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;to cook/bake inside bread&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather, &lt;code&gt;to cook inside pastry&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But I can't yet find a name for the thing that's been breaded. It must&#xA;  be a feminine, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say that I know exactly what the subject of empanada is, but like you said, it is feminine, so it must either be &lt;code&gt;masa&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;harina&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;fruta&lt;/code&gt; that is the &quot;implied subject&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-06-04T19:46:00.597" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T19:46:00.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-05-19T13:48:03.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no implied noun, other than possibly the ambiguous &quot;one&quot; or &quot;thing,&quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Breaded one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Breaded thing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact same thing happens in English (and probably every other language) when we use an adjective form in the place of a noun to describe something by its primary characteristic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some obvious examples from Spanish, and their literal English translations, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enchiladas -- En-chillied ones/things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fritos -- Fried ones/things -- or &quot;fries&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helados -- Frozen ones/things -- Anything frozen (ice cream, popcicles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some obvious ones in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fries -- Anything fried (often French Fried potatoes, but not always)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sweets / Sweeties -- Anything sweet: candy, ice cream, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sugaries -- Anything sugary: candy, cookies, deserts, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-06-04T18:21:45.517" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T18:21:45.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5722" CreationDate="2014-05-19T16:43:18.750" Score="1" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;His laziness disgusts me.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me da asco su flojedad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if I wanted to add &amp;quot;to no end&amp;quot; to the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;His laziness disgusts me to no end.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T02:19:34.707" Title="Spanish for &quot;to no end&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5721" CreationDate="2014-05-19T16:48:26.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su flojera me da un asco infinito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T16:48:26.240" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5723" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-19T18:06:09.913" Score="1" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get really confused about this and am looking for some kind of trick.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It seems sometimes &quot;se&quot; means to do something to oneself and sometimes not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan se ducha&quot; (Juan showers himself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other times &quot;se&quot; doesn't mean to do something to oneself.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;se venden oro y plata&quot; (I know this means gold and silver are sold here but it really means- gold and silver sell themselves)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I distinguish?  How do I know when it's being used reflexively and when it's not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3009" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-05-20T10:14:03.123" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T10:14:03.123" Title="Usages of Se and Verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-05-20T20:25:20.350" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5723" CreationDate="2014-05-20T04:20:27.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the first case: subject (&lt;em&gt;Juan&lt;/em&gt;) conveys the action (&lt;em&gt;duchar&lt;/em&gt;), and the result of such action falls to Juan himself (hence the '&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second one: an action is performed (&lt;em&gt;vender&lt;/em&gt;) but there is no agent mentioned, and following the verb, there is a passive subject (two &lt;em&gt;objects&lt;/em&gt; in which the action is placed, &lt;em&gt;oro y plata&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First sentence is in active voice with a verb used in a 'reflexive form' (&lt;em&gt;forma refleja o pronominal&lt;/em&gt;), because action falls on same subject (a defined one) performing it. Verbs in these cases are preceded with a personal pronoun: &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; (if subject is first-person singular), &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; (2nd-person singular), &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (3rd-person, both singular and plural), &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; (1st-person plural), &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; (2nd-person plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[no pronominal]&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;duchar&lt;/em&gt; (to shower)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pedro ducha a su perro&lt;/em&gt; (Pedro showers his dog)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [pronominal]&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo me ducho&lt;/em&gt; (I shower myself)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me ducho&lt;/em&gt; (same as above, &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; indicates that &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; perform the action, thus, &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; may be omitted)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Juan se ducha&lt;/em&gt; (Juan showers himself)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Se ducha&lt;/em&gt; (Someone &lt;strong&gt;known&lt;/strong&gt; showers himself/herself/itself). It is not a good idea to omit the subject if he/she/it is known, unless he/she/it is very obvious in the conversation (i.e. as a short answer to the question &lt;em&gt;¿Qué hace Juan?&lt;/em&gt; - What does Juan do?&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ellos se duchan&lt;/em&gt; (They shower themselves)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Se duchan&lt;/em&gt; (A group of known entities shower themselves). Same case as &lt;em&gt;'se ducha'&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;duchan&lt;/em&gt; indicates a plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, to say in Spanish 'Gold and silver are sold' (a passive voice sentence), you could say it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Oro y plata son vendidos'&lt;/em&gt; (voz pasiva analítica o perifrástica) [not used, however gramatically correct]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the subject is a 'thing' (or 'things', like your case), or an unknown/undefined entity/entities, you will prefer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se venden oro y plata&lt;/em&gt; (voz pasiva sintética o refleja)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another examples of &lt;em&gt;voz pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se buscan actores para la película&lt;/em&gt; (Actors are wanted for the movie)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Se necesita carpintero&lt;/em&gt; ([A] carpenter is needed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, in Spanish, there are impersonal sentences (&lt;em&gt;oraciones impersonales&lt;/em&gt;), which I think they are worth to mention briefly here, whose construction is very similar to &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; sentences, except their verb is always expressed in 3rd-person singular, even if the subject is in plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se entrevistó a los candidatos para el puesto&lt;/em&gt; (Candidates were interviewed for the position)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all these cases, the word &lt;em&gt;'se'&lt;/em&gt; is merely an auxiliary word, it only shows passivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, if you can tell in a sentence who (or what) is performing the action, and that action falls on himself/herself/itself/themselves, &lt;em&gt;'se'&lt;/em&gt; is depicting a reflexive form, and the sentence is in active voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot tell who is performing the action (Who is selling gold and silver? Who interviewed the candidates? Who wants actors?), then &lt;em&gt;'se'&lt;/em&gt; is an auxiliary word indicating that your sentence is in passive voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3011" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T04:20:27.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5726" CreationDate="2014-05-20T04:26:21.520" Score="0" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do we translate these phrases into Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;for the day&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;for the weekend&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.? Here's the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The bank has already closed for the day.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The schools will shortly be closing for the weekend.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya está cerrado para el día.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I wrong? What would be the most appropriate way to say this in Latin American Spanish (particularly Mexican or Colombian)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T21:20:46.743" Title="&quot;For today&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5725" CreationDate="2014-05-20T04:36:14.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya está cerrado por el día.&lt;/strong&gt; (more accurate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya está cerrado por el día de hoy.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya está cerrado por hoy.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las escuelas pronto estarán cerrando por el fin de semana.&lt;/strong&gt; (more accurate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las escuelas pronto estarán cerrando por este fin de semana.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Chilean Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3011" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T04:36:14.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5723" CreationDate="2014-05-20T05:02:27.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What a common question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se celebra&lt;/code&gt; translates to &lt;code&gt;They celebrate&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;which is how we, English speakers, would say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &lt;code&gt;Aquí se celebra Navidad en Pascua&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Here, they celebrate Christmas on Easter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not &lt;code&gt;they&lt;/code&gt; as in 3rd person plural, but rather, &lt;code&gt;they&lt;/code&gt; as in the people here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we are giving instructions we tend to say things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You mix the milk in with the eggs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se mezcla el leche con los huevos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You soak the bread in the mixture&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se moja el pan en la mezcla&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You cook the bread&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se cocina el pan&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the best real world example to understand this passive &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo se dice 'something' en español?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates semantically as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How do you say 'something' in Spanish?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but literally as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How is 'something' said in Spanish?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cómo dice...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translates to something indicative&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;How does he/she/it say ... ?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where there is a pronounced subject in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5714/what-is-the-difference-in-meaning-between-se-celebra-celebra&quot;&gt;What is the difference in meaning between: se celebra &amp;amp; celebra?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T05:02:27.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-05-20T08:36:19.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case we are in front of a word that can work as a noun and as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;carne empanada --&amp;gt; Here empanada is an adjective of carne&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He hecho empanada, ¿de qué? empanada de carne --&amp;gt; Here empanada is a noun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually the genre of the word could confound people. If we use, for example &amp;quot;atún&amp;quot; with empanada we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;atún empanado --&amp;gt; again working as an adjective, it gets the genre of the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He hecho empanada, ¿de qué? empanada de atún --&amp;gt; Here is a noun, and it's genre stays the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because empanada can be a noun, but empanado not, it's always an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T18:22:55.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2863" CreationDate="2014-05-20T09:58:28.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;Fellow&quot; is also associated with this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3016" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T09:58:28.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5731" CreationDate="2014-05-20T20:22:30.327" Score="3" ViewCount="67196" Body="&lt;p&gt;No encuentro una regla para justificar la sospecha de que &lt;em&gt;dense&lt;/em&gt; (del verbo &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;) lleva acento. De acuerdo con las reglas de la acentuación de palabras graves no lo lleva, pero lo he visto un par de veces con acento. Entonces, ¿cómo se escribe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dénse un beso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dense un beso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En diccionarios no lo he visto conjugado como lo necesito (y no tendría por qué aparecer ahí de hecho). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T21:40:56.350" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T21:40:56.350" Title="¿&quot;Dense&quot; o &quot;Dénse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5730" CreationDate="2014-05-20T20:46:48.403" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es &lt;em&gt;dense&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lleva acento gráfico actualmente por ser grave terminada en vocal, y tampoco llevaba con las viejas reglas, ya que &lt;em&gt;den&lt;/em&gt; no lo lleva. En cambio &lt;em&gt;deles&lt;/em&gt; antes llevaba acento gráfico y ahora no. La entrada &lt;em&gt;TILDE&lt;/em&gt; del DPD, en la sección &lt;em&gt;4.3. Formas verbales con pronombres enclíticos&lt;/em&gt; dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A diferencia de lo establecido en normas ortográficas anteriores, a partir de la Ortografía académica de 1999 las formas verbales con enclíticos deben acentuarse gráficamente siguiendo las reglas de acentuación; así, formas como estate, suponlo, deles se escriben ahora sin tilde por ser palabras llanas terminadas en vocal o en -s, mientras que déselo, léela, fíjate llevan tilde por ser esdrújulas, y oídme, salíos, reírte, por contener un hiato de vocal cerrada tónica y vocal abierta átona. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T20:46:48.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5730" CreationDate="2014-05-20T22:56:41.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dense es la respuesta correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero...&#xA;Si estuvieras diciendo que dar algo a alguien, entonces llevaría un accento &lt;code&gt;dénselo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es porque sin el &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; en el fin de &lt;code&gt;dense&lt;/code&gt;, esa palabra obedece la regla que dice que el vocal penúltimo siempre lleva el estrés... si que ya no exista un accento en la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-20T23:36:01.047" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T23:36:01.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5735" CreationDate="2014-05-20T23:20:27.360" Score="4" ViewCount="3896" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensaba que eran los mismos pero parece que no es así, ya que encontré una alternativa en una comprensión de lectura para DELE C1, que tiene ambas palabras como opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este proceso solo puede remontarse hasta determinada época, _ _ _ _ después las palabras empezaron a cambiar tanto que es imposible definir qué está relacionado con qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) así que b) ya que c) como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La clave dice &amp;quot;ya que&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consulté el diccionario y me parece que &amp;quot;como&amp;quot; solamente se usa en el principio de una frase, mientras que &amp;quot;ya que&amp;quot; se usa en el principio de una frase &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; después de la coma. ¿Estoy en lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-11-15T03:22:02.510" LastActivityDate="2020-11-15T03:26:27.030" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;como&quot; y &quot;ya que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5721" CreationDate="2014-05-21T02:19:34.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't exactly a perfect translation for this because it is an expression, a very colloquial one at that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/69501/meaning-and-usage-of-to-no-end&quot;&gt;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/69501/meaning-and-usage-of-to-no-end&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're best choices for communicating the same expression would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su flojera me disgusta ...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interminablemente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incesantemente &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hasta la saciedad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hasta el hastío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hasta la madre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hasta siempre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sin parar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T02:19:34.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5733" CreationDate="2014-05-21T09:13:39.900" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es como dices, aunque no es habitual encontrar &amp;quot;Ya que&amp;quot; al principio de una frase, las dos  partículas se usan para especificar implicación, y la diferencia principal es donde se usan en la frase. Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que A implica B. Podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como A, B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B, ya que A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y, aunque es mucho menos habitual (y suena más forzado, menos natural y no lo recomiendo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que A, B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1494" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-11-15T03:26:27.030" LastActivityDate="2020-11-15T03:26:27.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5737" CreationDate="2014-05-21T14:24:42.053" Score="2" ViewCount="2861" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any Spanish equivalent of the phrase, &quot;the tables have turned,&quot; or that communicates a similar message? My Spanish-speaking friend tells me that the literal translation loses the connotation of causing a reversal in one's plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="752" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T18:19:26.817" Title="Spanish version of &quot;the tables have turned.&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5736" CreationDate="2014-05-21T15:51:11.080" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sentences are similar in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las tornas han cambiado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ha dado la vuelta a la tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ha dado un giro inesperado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a radical change has occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T15:51:11.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5736" CreationDate="2014-05-21T18:19:26.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some other options are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las cosas han cambiado / Las cosas cambiaron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las cosas se pusieron de cabeza / La cosa se ha puesto de cabeza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La situación ha cambiado / La situación cambió&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La situación se invirtió / La situación se ha invertido &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La situación se revirtió / La situación se ha revertido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La situación dio la vuelta / La situación ha dado la vuelta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le salio el tiro por la culata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T18:19:26.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5739" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-22T00:16:12.907" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo problemas con esta frase: &quot;Yo solo copio&quot;. Mis intentos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just copy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I only copy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I copy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma forma, con esta frase: &quot;Yo nunca leo nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I never read anything&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I never read&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I never read a thing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay contexto, son frases sueltas. Sería como una especie de característica de la persona (&lt;em&gt;Yo solo copio. Él bebe. Y ese otro nunca lee&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos, mis apuestas más seguras serían las primeras, pero tengo dudas. Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1306" LastEditorUserId="2636" LastEditDate="2014-05-22T10:29:20.240" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T10:29:20.240" Title="Not sure about this translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-05-22T08:36:32.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5739" CreationDate="2014-05-22T08:22:56.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción no es un tema que sea fácil. Para el primer caso, &lt;strong&gt;Yo sólo copio&lt;/strong&gt;, se necesitaría un poco más de contexto, puesto que hay una ligera diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la segunda frase, probablemente la primera opción sea la más correcta, tal vez &lt;em&gt;I never read a thing&lt;/em&gt; sea un poco coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T08:22:56.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5742" CreationDate="2014-05-22T15:17:19.223" Score="4" ViewCount="2777" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does &quot;verde&quot; remain the same whereas &quot;blanco&quot; becomes &quot;blanca&quot; and &quot;rojo&quot; becomes &quot;roja&quot; in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;La bandera italiana es verde, blanca y roja&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Green (&quot;verde&quot;) retains the same spelling, but white and red get &quot;feminized&quot; - why the inconsistency? What makes green different? (Why doesn't it become &quot;verda&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="442" LastEditDate="2020-05-08T23:32:17.950" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T06:07:32.667" Title="Why doesn't &quot;verde&quot; become &quot;verda&quot; when paired with a feminine noun?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5741" CreationDate="2014-05-22T15:39:14.997" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there are words adjectives that work as if they have neutral gender. They do not work as masculine nor feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact they are not neutral. There is no neutral gender in spanish. It happens that the word is &lt;strong&gt;invariable&lt;/strong&gt;: its form is the same in masculine and feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easy examples are &quot;verde&quot;, &quot;azul&quot;, &quot;naranja&quot;, &quot;común&quot;, &quot;inteligente&quot;, &quot;amable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-05-09T06:07:32.667" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T06:07:32.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5743" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5744" CreationDate="2014-05-22T15:49:06.740" Score="0" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He went past the red light&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the above sentence can be translated into Spanish as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasó la luz roja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better translation to this, one that the locals use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would one translate this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He went &quot;right&quot; past the red light and met with an accident&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please mention your nationality so that it's easier to understand what dialect of Spanish your translation uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-05-22T16:25:45.367" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T12:20:47.757" Title="&quot;Went right past&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5743" CreationDate="2014-05-22T19:20:41.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The local way to say it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se saltó el semáforo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence will be translated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se saltó el semáforo y tuvo un accidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3028" LastEditorUserId="3028" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T19:25:39.270" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T19:25:39.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-22T20:29:16.557" Score="5" ViewCount="7603" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it simply Spain is using Patatas and the rest of the world is using Papas?  What is the distinction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="425" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T19:39:04.113" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T12:36:56.630" Title="Correct usage : Papas versus Patatas" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-05-22T21:24:36.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in Spain they say &quot;patatas&quot; and where I come from (Mexico) we say &quot;papas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3029" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T09:05:42.037" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T09:05:42.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2014-05-23T05:41:43.367" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;CD: &quot;A Pedro&quot; (sujeto de pasiva)&#xA;Complemento predicativo: &quot;Un buen maestro&quot; (referido a CD, concuerdan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3030" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T09:06:24.237" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T09:06:24.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-23T06:59:27.760" Score="2" ViewCount="3985" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;background&quot; does not seem to have an equivalent in Spanish. What would be the translation of the following phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He has a background in computer science.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She has a background as a teacher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3031" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T14:05:10.203" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T14:05:10.203" Title="How to translate &quot;background&quot; into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-05-23T07:05:07.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Papas is also used in Andalucía, southern Spain, but seems to be more colloquial meaning exactly the same as patatas. &quot;Papas asadas&quot; is like baked potatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3031" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T07:05:07.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-23T07:25:36.540" Score="1" ViewCount="3874" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las tiendas virtuales frecuentemente se muestran listados de productos con información resumida. Luego pinchando en cierto producto se dirige a la pagina de la ficha del producto, donde se detalla la información. En inglés se puede llamar el listado &quot;overview&quot;. ¿Hay un término equivalente en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3031" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T06:39:40.373" Title="Traducir &quot;overview&quot; al español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5750" CreationDate="2014-05-23T08:01:51.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que el termino que buscas podría ser &quot;Vista general&quot;, así como &quot;Preview&quot; es &quot;Vista previa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3032" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T08:01:51.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5748" CreationDate="2014-05-23T08:05:58.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;to be experienced at (tener experiencia en)&quot; or &quot;to have a history (tener un historial)&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tiene experiencia en ciencias de la computación.&#xA;Ella tiene un historial como profesora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3032" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T08:05:58.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5748" CreationDate="2014-05-23T08:08:43.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that context, background means &quot;&lt;strong&gt;conocimientos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;experiencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.so &quot;&lt;em&gt;He has a background in computer science&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be translated to&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Tiene conocimientos de informática&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T08:08:43.947" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5748" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:47:26.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best word for this translation is &quot;Trasfondo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He has a background in computer science - &quot;Él tiene un trasfondo en informática.&quot;&#xA;&#xA;She has a background as a teacher - &quot;Ella tiene un trasfondo como profesora.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although options commented in other answers are also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T11:47:26.273" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5750" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:50:37.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español he visto ese tipo de fichas con las siguientes denominaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Detalle&quot; ó &quot;Ficha de detalle&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Resumen&quot; (no tiene mucho sentido si es una ficha con todos los datos, pero sí si muestra los principales)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Información&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="2214" LastEditDate="2014-05-26T06:39:40.373" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T06:39:40.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:54:51.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE both words are valid, just &quot;patatas&quot; is the mainly word used in Spain (except in Canary islands and parts of Andalucia) while many other countries use &quot;papas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/patata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/patata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/papa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/papa&lt;/a&gt; (second aception)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T12:36:56.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5767" CreationDate="2014-05-25T03:14:26.130" Score="2" ViewCount="4599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which one is the correct word to use in this situation, &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pedir &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; direcciones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    pedir &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; direcciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3036" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T13:42:33.137" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T13:42:33.137" Title="&quot;Pedir para&quot; or &quot;pedir por&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5758" CreationDate="2014-05-25T13:24:13.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way to ask for it would be &lt;code&gt;Pedir (Preguntar) por direcciones.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use preguntar rather than pedir.&#xA;When asking for something, always use por. Para should be used  for  reasons or for gifting something to someone, such as &quot;a present for you&quot; (un regalo para ti).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="3036" LastEditDate="2014-05-26T22:39:01.163" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T22:39:01.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5761" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5763" CreationDate="2014-05-26T00:28:28.973" Score="3" ViewCount="17902" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;it is what it is&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eso es&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eso sí que es&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume the first one is an abbreviation of the second. However, is it an acceptable abbreviation, or is it not something people say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3039" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-10-09T05:06:59.903" LastActivityDate="2019-10-09T07:51:55.363" Title="How do you say &quot;It is what it is&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5764" CreationDate="2014-05-26T08:36:52.623" Score="2" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you translate &lt;em&gt;deploy / deployment&lt;/em&gt; into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that these would be possible translations for &lt;em&gt;deploy&lt;/em&gt;, but maybe there is a better term?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poner en funcionamiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;será instalado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The new software will be deployed later this week.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   The application will be deployed to several servers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Our deployment plan consists of three steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3031" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-07-02T11:13:06.453" LastActivityDate="2019-07-02T11:17:38.550" Title="Translating &quot;deploy&quot; and &quot;deployment&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5761" CreationDate="2014-05-26T08:47:09.783" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Es lo que hay&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; might be the phrase you're looking for. It is often used to express resignation, sometimes ironically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3031" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-10-09T05:07:26.487" LastActivityDate="2019-10-09T05:07:26.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5762" CreationDate="2014-05-26T09:17:14.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best translation is &quot;desplegar&quot; or &quot;implementar&quot; if you are talking about a &quot;progressive&quot; set-up, but your translations also sound good to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T09:17:14.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5766" CreationDate="2014-05-26T13:41:02.697" Score="6" ViewCount="51410" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one please explain to me when should I use &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; in place of &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as my understanding goes &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes I see that &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt;, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3041" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T13:55:54.473" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T13:55:54.473" Title="What is the difference between &quot;es&quot; and &quot;está&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5765" CreationDate="2014-05-26T15:00:48.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two verbs representing English &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; are conjugated forms of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. Precisely, it's the third person singular. &lt;em&gt;Está&lt;/em&gt; is also the spelling for second person (tú) in imperative mood (cf &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=elbYf00qvVcRjg2FXzjo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference of these verbs is discussed a lot in every beginner book and in hundreds of tutorials on the Internet; for instance on &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/cs/verbs/a/servsestar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;about.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are also a lot of question on that topic on this site. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/search?q=ser%20estar&quot;&gt;Search for &quot;ser estar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; or browse through the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/c%c3%b3pula&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;c&amp;#243;pula&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;c&amp;#243;pula&lt;/a&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;em&gt;ésta&lt;/em&gt; (with the accent in the beginning) is also the spelling for the singular feminine demonstrative pronoun representing &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It just happens to be like that. But there's no confusion because the demonstrative pronoun represents a noun (or–when used as an adjective–it precedes a noun) and the conjugated verb form is part of the predicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As an adjective: Esta mujer está loca. &lt;sub&gt;This woman is crazy.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  As a demonstrative pronoun: Ésta está loca. &lt;sub&gt;This one is crazy.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T13:53:09.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5758" CreationDate="2014-05-26T15:56:50.187" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt;, it's better to use &lt;strong&gt;pedir una dirección&lt;/strong&gt;, but this is rarely used, &lt;strong&gt;preguntar por una dirección&lt;/strong&gt; would be more common .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first case could be used, for instance, if you want to ask for the address of somebody you know, to send a package. &lt;strong&gt;Preguntar por una dirección&lt;/strong&gt; would be used if you want to know where something is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T15:56:50.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5761" CreationDate="2014-05-26T18:07:19.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always heard it said as, &lt;code&gt;Así es&lt;/code&gt;.  Especially when asking elders advice about things... they'll say &lt;code&gt;Así es joven&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my opinion is the best translation for &lt;code&gt;That's just the way it is&lt;/code&gt; which I know is not the exact phrase you spoke about, but both our phrases have the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;It is what it is&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;That's just the way it is&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translating to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Así es&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T18:07:19.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5769" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5775" CreationDate="2014-05-26T23:45:03.147" Score="4" ViewCount="22993" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's been indicated to me that in French &quot;la chatte&quot; (feminine version of &quot;le chat&quot;, &lt;em&gt;the cat&lt;/em&gt;) is used as a vulgar term and its usage is somewhat delicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the same apply to &lt;em&gt;gata&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;gatita&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="839" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T20:42:33.687" Title="Is &quot;gata&quot; vulgar? What about &quot;gatita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T00:03:45.200" Score="3" ViewCount="6933" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to make sure the login button on a website is correct. I am of the opinion the following would be correct. I only speak basic Spanish. Which would be correct? Any other suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inicio de sesión / login&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3044" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T13:45:28.520" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T13:45:28.520" Title="What is &quot;login&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5770" CreationDate="2014-05-27T00:32:01.510" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can take a look at what some of the most popular sites are using for their Spanish versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iniciar sesión&lt;/strong&gt; (Google, Facebook, Twitter, El País, El Mundo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceder&lt;/strong&gt; (Wikipedia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ingresar&lt;/strong&gt; (Mercado Libre)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identificarse&lt;/strong&gt; (Amazon)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entrar&lt;/strong&gt; (La Caixa, Santander)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T00:32:01.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T06:57:07.130" Score="1" ViewCount="1400" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English   - &lt;strong&gt;All is Well&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espanol   - &lt;strong&gt;Todo es bien / Todo está bien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused with es and está. still I don't get a clear view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I referred &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1828/difference-between-esta-and-esta-or-este-and-este&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help to understand. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:52:44.567" Title="All is Well - Todo esta bien" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5772" CreationDate="2014-05-27T08:13:06.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All is Well also can traslate to &quot;Todo correcto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The traslation of To be in Spanish can be the verb &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; depending the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &quot;Ser&quot; refers to a person or a object and the verb &quot;estar&quot; refers to the state of things or persons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2889" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T08:13:06.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5770" CreationDate="2014-05-27T08:15:08.577" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Login, the spanish speakers who will read it will understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2889" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T08:15:08.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5769" CreationDate="2014-05-27T08:38:28.037" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gato&quot;, and its feminine form &quot;gata&quot;, are the normal way of referring to animals of the &lt;strong&gt;Felis silvestris catus&lt;/strong&gt; subspecies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gatita&quot; is a normal way of referring to one's female cat, or any other female cat to which one has sentimental attachment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the same words &quot;gata&quot; and &quot;gatita&quot; can be used to refer to a woman. This second usage is, at least, familiar, and may be deemed vulgar or offensive depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T08:38:28.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-05-27T09:10:44.893" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides the right answer from user77086, the present day usage is that &quot;&lt;em&gt;papa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;patata&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are synonyms.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Papa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the standard word in most of Latin America, Canary Islands and parts from Andalusia. In the rest of Spain the standard word is &quot;&lt;em&gt;patata&lt;/em&gt;&quot; . In some parts of Spain &quot;papa&quot; is used only for chips (&quot;&lt;em&gt;papas fritas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) while they use &quot;&lt;em&gt;patata&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for the potato as it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2014-11-14T00:51:15.783" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T00:51:15.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5772" CreationDate="2014-05-27T11:58:03.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way is &quot;Todo está bien.&quot; I don't remember the rule right, but I usually use &quot;es&quot; when i refer to a particular characteristic of the subject: The car is red (El carro es rojo), The car is big (El carro es grande).  In the case of &quot;está&quot;, I use it more to refer to a particular state or status of the subject: The car is wet (El carro está mojado), The car is far (El carro está lejos). I need to go back and review the official rule, it's been a while, but in general terms, I hope that helps a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3048" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T18:31:55.073" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T18:31:55.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5770" CreationDate="2014-05-27T12:16:37.080" Score="-5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say : Registro or registrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3048" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T12:16:37.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5743" CreationDate="2014-05-27T12:20:47.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;He went past the red light = Se pasó la luz roja / Se pasó el semáforo / Rebasó la luz roja / Rebasó el semáforo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3048" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T12:20:47.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T14:27:30.450" Score="1" ViewCount="907" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Wikipedia article on &quot;voseo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, it is my understanding that the only differences are:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replacement of 2nd singular with &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replacement of 2nd plural with 3rd plural in Indicative, Imperative and Subjunctive moods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that correct?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can you provide correct full conjugation of all forms e.g. for &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivir&lt;/em&gt; and some reflexive and irregular verbs like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo hablo     nosotros hablamos&#xA;vos hablás   ustedes hablan&#xA;él habla     ellos hablan&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2191" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T13:41:10.507" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T13:41:10.507" Title="What is the correct verb conjugation in &quot;voseo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-04-20T13:00:55.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18609" CreationDate="2014-05-27T17:58:55.033" Score="2" ViewCount="2306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am really curious to find out what specific features define the Spanish spoken in various parts of Mexico. Maybe not every single state but a more or less broad classification of Mexican dialects. I am looking for something similar to how American English is broadly classified into Southern, Yankee, Appalachian, Midwest, Valleyspeak, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T18:30:34.410" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T16:23:21.467" Title="Spanish dialects within Mexico" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5765" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:18:00.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;es&quot; (verbo ser) is pretty much forever, part of the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es ingeniero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;está&quot; (verbo estar) is temporary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan está en África.&#xA;El Cairo es en África.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of very few cases in which you have to decide which one to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es enfermo de SIDA.&#xA;Él está enfermo, con un resfriado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lex Luthor es un científico loco.&#xA;¡Cómo? ¿Estás loco?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La pared de la casa es roja.&#xA;Mi cara está roja de la vergüenza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jorge es calvo.&#xA;¿Viste a Jorge? Está casi completamente calvo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marte es un planeta muy frío.&#xA;El agua para cocinar ya está caliente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T08:26:09.187" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T08:26:09.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4913" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:32:29.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the gender is unknown, the movie title is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo bueno, lo malo y lo feo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo que no mata, engorda&quot;&#xA;(similar to: &quot;That which doesn't kill you, makes you stronger&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; is also used when the following word has no gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo interesante de este problema&quot;&#xA;&quot;Lo mejor del viaje a Europa...&quot;&#xA;&quot;Lo dicho, dicho esta&quot;&#xA;&quot;Yo estaba de lo mas entusiasmado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:32:29.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2536" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:36:46.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La mar&quot; is used mostly in poetry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:36:46.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5714" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:45:21.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the key: &quot;celebra&quot; cannot be alone. You need a subject who is doing the celebrating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rafael y Carolina celebran su aniversario de casados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When there is no subject (indefinite, or too many, such as a whole country), you use &quot;se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Este miercoles se celebra la Independencia de Venezuela&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:45:21.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5772" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:52:44.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing that is &quot;bien&quot; (the situation, the wind blowing your ship) at the time can also become &quot;mal&quot;, right? Since that &quot;bien&quot; is mutable, you must use &quot;esta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:52:44.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1828" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:59:08.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;está&quot; is the 3rd. person, singular of the verb &quot;estar&quot;. In English: &quot;is&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;esta&quot; is a pronoun, it translates to &quot;this&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta casa está inclinada.&#xA;Esta linea está torcida.&#xA;Esta mañana está muy bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3049" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T21:59:08.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5789" CreationDate="2014-05-27T23:23:04.017" Score="2" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that on my Ubuntu machine, there's a setting labeled &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mostrar el estado de la batería en la barra de menús&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with dropdown options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando esté presente la batería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando la batería esté cargandose o en uso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nunca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, why do these appear to be in the subjunctive? I'm studying Spanish at an intermediate student level in school, and from what I've been taught, I'd write these using indicative, similar to &quot;Cuando está presente la batería&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone shed some light on this? Is there a rule (in certain locales, perhaps) that selects for subjunctive for such phrases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1236" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T23:45:31.350" Title="Use of subjunctive in &quot;show battery state when...&quot; &quot;battery is present&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5788" CreationDate="2014-05-27T23:45:31.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive is used in this case because it is trying to express uncertainty. It is uncertain that the battery will be present in the future, so the subjunctive mood should be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is often used after the word &quot;cuando&quot; when talking about a possible future event. For example, &quot;Voy a ir de vacaciones, cuando &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; mas dinero.&quot; Indicative should be used after the word &quot;cuando&quot; when talking about an event that has already occurred or is occurring in the present, for example, &quot;No se cuando &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; la última vez que fui de vacaciones.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This explanation has a lot more examples:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbmoods/a/cuando-subjunctive.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbmoods/a/cuando-subjunctive.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3050" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T23:45:31.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="429" CreationDate="2014-05-28T00:23:30.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to Richard's answer, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/430/3051&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/430/3051&lt;/a&gt; (can't comment, i'm new):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, there are times when both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can be used to refer to locations (preference might depend on local variations), and some times &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; will be used always/most of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when talking about an address, you'll often see &quot;¿Dónde es [esta dirección]?&quot; or &quot;¿Donde queda?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When referring to something that will happen, like a party, using &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (in present or future tense) is the usual. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La fiesta &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; en mi casa.&quot; / &quot;La fiesta &lt;strong&gt;será&lt;/strong&gt; en mi casa.&quot; = &quot;The party will be at my place.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Dónde &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; el evento?&quot; = ¿Where is the event (taking place)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the difference between the two verbs, is as stated in the other answers, but like a comment (by hipietrail) implies, evolution of the languages render this a very arbitrary distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some detailed information:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3051" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T00:38:48.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4855" CreationDate="2014-05-28T00:47:58.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The particular question about colors is already answered correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say the sky is gray, you are pointing to a changing state, so it's &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. You can say &quot;El cielo es celeste&quot; (or &quot;azul&quot;), but with the meaning that blue is the (real) color of the sky. There's a little subtle difference. Most of the time you'll be talking about how the sky is &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you speak about things that don't change color, use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. &quot;Las rosas &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; rojas&quot;, &quot;El auto &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; verde&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the difference between both verbs, I wanted to add my two grain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated before, the &lt;em&gt;general&lt;/em&gt; rule to distinguish between both verbs is if you refer to something transient (&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, think &lt;em&gt;status&lt;/em&gt;) or permanent (&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then, this is subject to interpretation, plus some &quot;quirks&quot; that language evolution introduces over time. It's not as regular and logical as we (native Spanish speakers) tend to see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a nice article in Wikipedia (in English) I recommend you to read for the theoretical side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the practical side, I guess it's just study, practice, perseverance, and some help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3051" LastEditorUserId="3051" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T00:56:11.273" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T00:56:11.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5809" CreationDate="2014-05-28T05:04:20.850" Score="2" ViewCount="1414" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;How much is this MacBook?&quot; He asked the store clerk.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &quot;Two thousand dollars, sir!&quot; Said the store clerk with a smile.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Now, two thousand bucks is no small sum so Jim decided to buy himself an Acer instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt; in the last sentence above is not used in the sense of time so, to me, &lt;strong&gt;ahora&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't seem to be the right translation. How would we translate this &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt; into Spanish? I can't really explain the exact meaning of &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt; in this context; to me, it seems more like a filler, maybe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Please also state your country/region in your answer so I know if your translation has any regional nuance. Also, please do not quote RAE because I am not interested in knowing what the dictionary or literature says. I am keen on knowing how it's spoken in the streets. I want to know how YOU would say it in your conversations (which might not always be what the dictionary says).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T12:50:30.100" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T19:49:48.403" Title="Translation of &quot;ahora&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5781" CreationDate="2014-05-28T05:28:25.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of dialects in Mexico as you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.muturzikin.com/cartesamerique/1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but, according to your request you are looking for something more informal. So, based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lef.colmex.mx/Sociolinguistica/Cambio%20y%20variacion/La%20division%20dialectal%20del%20espanol%20mexicano.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, and based on my experience as well, I can tell you that there are 4 main classifications:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Norteño (North).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Central (Central).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Costeño (Veracruz, Tabasco, Oaxaca and Guerrero coasts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yucateco (Yucatán state).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T05:41:53.663" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T05:41:53.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6882" CreationDate="2014-05-28T06:14:56.477" Score="3" ViewCount="8128" Body="&lt;p&gt;What features make this dialect different from the ones spoken in the rest of Mexico? I am keen on understanding what makes a Norteño speaker stand out; i.e. pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, that would make a native speaker instantly recognize a Norteño speaker as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2020-01-23T14:47:36.907" Title="Salient features of the Norteño dialect of Mexican Spanish" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T06:29:15.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I would use &quot;ahora bien&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/ahora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition in RAE&lt;/a&gt;, but I find it (&quot;esto supuesto o sentado&quot;) quite obscure. I would say it translates to &quot;that said&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T06:29:15.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9914" CreationDate="2014-05-28T06:29:47.300" Score="1" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta que tomé la píldora no se me quitó el dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Until I took the pill, the pain did not go away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_spanish#Syntax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia article on Mexican Spanish&lt;/a&gt; says the &quot;no&quot; is often omitted in such constructs as the sentence inherently implies a negation. So, according to that article, a Mexican would just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta que tomé la píldora se me quitó el dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion is, won't the sentence also get interpreted as &quot;by the time I took the pill, the pain went away&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, how would a Mexican speaker say a sentence involving the phrase &quot;by the time&quot;? I am also curious to know if this omission of &quot;no&quot; is a common feature throughout Mexico or is it just a regional phenomenon. If regional, which parts is it common in? Is it considered &quot;uneducated&quot; speech in those parts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T00:04:24.983" Title="Translating &quot;by the time&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T09:01:25.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to, I would go with &quot;Así / Así pues&quot; . &lt;em&gt;BUT&lt;/em&gt; In my opinion, no native would use this or any other particle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They would just go with &quot;2000 pavos no son poco, así que Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2379" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T09:01:25.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6982" CreationDate="2014-05-28T09:23:02.123" Score="1" ViewCount="2013" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are process (ser) and status (estar) passive forms. I do not quite catch the difference in meaning and translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa es vendida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La casa fue vendida el mes pasado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La casa está vendida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La casa estuvo vendida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La casa estaba vendida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if the last sentences make sence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2191" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:36:13.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:36:13.103" Title="Ser and Estar differences in passive voice?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5798" CreationDate="2014-05-28T10:18:33.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa es vendida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be the standard passive voice in present tense. If there is no explicit agent, it is more common to use the passive reflex form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa se vende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's ok to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa es vendida por sus dueños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa fue vendida el mes pasado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard passive voice in past tense, totally ok. You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa se vendió el mes pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa está vendida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may happen during the process of selling a house: you see an ad for the house, call the real estate agent and they respond with this phrase, meaning that there is already a buyer for it. Note that this is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; passive voice, but a state of the house. Buying a house is usually a lengthy process. Once it's finished, it would be more appropriate to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa ya se vendió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa ya fue vendida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa estuvo vendida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be used when there was a buyer for the house, but the sale failed for some reason:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa estuvo vendida, pero el comprador tuvo un problema de salud y la operación no se concretó. Ahora está en venta nuevamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa estaba vendida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are telling something that happened when &lt;em&gt;La casa está vendida&lt;/em&gt; was true. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dijeron que la casa estaba vendida, pero pedí verla igual por si el comprador se arrepentía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa estaba vendida, pero hice una oferta superior y me la terminaron dando a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T10:18:33.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T11:54:56.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not Spanish at all (I'm English) but I think that the correct word to use in this context is &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt;, as the word &quot;now&quot; is an interjection which is being used to introduce the following statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, 2000 pavos no son poco, así que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=now&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. This isn't entirely based on looking up the word; I speak Spanish (Castellano). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pavos&lt;/em&gt; is a good translation for &quot;bucks&quot; in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A colloquial alternative to &quot;is no small sum&quot; could be &lt;em&gt;es una pasta&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;is a load of money&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, 2000 dólares es una pasta, así que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I would appreciate the perspective of a native speaker!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3053" LastEditorUserId="3053" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T14:30:09.537" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T14:30:09.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5802" CreationDate="2014-05-28T12:07:43.170" Score="2" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se llama la clase socioeconómica &quot;Middle Class&quot; en español? Yo sé que se puede decir &quot;clase media&quot; pero quiero saber si hay otra expresión que tiene el mismo significado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T12:15:57.930" Title="&quot;Middle Class&quot;en Español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5801" CreationDate="2014-05-28T12:15:57.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, &quot;clase media&quot; es el término apropiado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=HEJVGNxhRDXX2ROkENc8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=HEJVGNxhRDXX2ROkENc8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto social integrado por personas cuyos ingresos les permiten una vida desahogada en un mayor o menor grado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conozco términos equivalentes, pues este es el que se utiliza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T12:15:57.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5803" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-28T12:43:39.613" Score="0" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dictionary says both mean &quot;gate&quot;. I want to know if there is any finer difference between the two, especially regional ones. What's the word you use for gate in your regions? More specifically I would like to know what the Mexicans use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T14:57:16.680" Title="&quot;Verja&quot; vs &quot;cancela&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5805" CreationDate="2014-05-28T13:06:49.897" Score="6" ViewCount="10032" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which way of saying the Day of the Dead is correct: &quot;Día de Muertos&quot; or &quot;El Día de los Muertos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am making a display of pencil boxes for this holiday, and want to be correct in my verbiage. I have found it written both ways in a Google search, and am not sure what is correct. I had always heard it said as &quot;El Dia de los muertos,&quot; but recently, I have seen it  shortened to &quot;Dia de Muertos.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3054" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:25:57.380" LastActivityDate="2019-10-26T21:38:30.687" Title="&quot;Día de Muertos&quot; or &quot;El Día de los Muertos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5804" CreationDate="2014-05-28T13:11:05.470" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use both, but commonly in Spanish we say &quot;El Día de los Muertos&quot; if you want to use it in something like a post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3055" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-18T02:28:24.717" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T02:28:24.717" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5810" CreationDate="2014-05-28T13:55:22.773" Score="0" ViewCount="1830" Body="&lt;p&gt;i.e. the hemorrhoid cream lol. I'm trying to say: &quot;Has anyone seen my Preparation H?&quot; and so far I have: &quot;Alguien ha visto a mi Preparation H?&quot; . Would that make sense to someone in spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3056" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T15:10:35.893" Title="How to say &quot;Preparation H&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T13:56:54.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Paraguay (South America) and for me &#xA;&quot;Ahora, dos mil dolares no es una suma despreciable, así que ...&quot; sounds good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options are (at least for Paraguayan street slang):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bueno, dos mil dólares es mucha plata, y por eso...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como dos mil dólares es mucho dinero...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dos mil dólares es mucho dinero...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope it helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you may have noticed, here we don't normally use &quot;no es poco&quot; and instead use &quot;es mucho&quot; (it's the same meaning but not the exact words)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3057" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T13:56:54.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5780" CreationDate="2014-05-28T14:33:31.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;in the wikipedia (the same link you provided) is the actual conjugation for &quot;vos&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Conjugation_with_vos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Conjugation_with_vos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for Parguayan Spanish:&#xA;conjugations for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;hablar&quot;&#xA;    yo       hablo &#xA;    tu       hablas&#xA;    vos      hablás&#xA;    el       habla&#xA;    nosotros hablamos&#xA;    vosotros habláis&#xA;    ustedes  hablan&#xA;    ellos    hablan&#xA;&quot;comer&quot;&#xA;    yo       como&#xA;    tu       comes&#xA;    vos      comés&#xA;    el       come&#xA;    nosotros comemos&#xA;    vosotros coméis&#xA;    ellos    comen&#xA;&quot;vivir&quot;&#xA;    yo       vivo&#xA;    tu       vives&#xA;    vos      vivís&#xA;    el       vive&#xA;    nosotros vivimos&#xA;    vosotros vivís&#xA;    ellos    viven&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3057" LastEditorUserId="3057" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T15:14:05.687" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T15:14:05.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T14:40:02.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Sevilla, Spain and for me &quot;ahora&quot; or &quot;ahora bien&quot; sound also good. All of the words mentioned above would also sound good to almost any spanish speaker but as you say it is more a filler. You can remove it from the sentence without making it lose sense as @ArcDare says. In a narrative text you can find something like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, 2000 pavos no es &quot;calderilla&quot;, por lo que Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, 2000 pavos no es &quot;calderilla&quot;, por lo que Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, 2000 pavos no es &quot;calderilla&quot;, por lo que Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así / Así pues 2000 pavos no es &quot;calderilla&quot;, por lo que Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como 2000 pavos no son &quot;calderilla&quot; Jim decidió comprarse un Acer en su lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;all of these sentences sound good to me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: &quot;calderilla&quot; means a very small sum of money, normally your tiniest coins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you can refer to calderilla in singular and plural as a &quot;sum of money&quot; or as &quot;the count of your coins&quot; this use to happen with a word that holds itself as a total composed by various things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps and hope my english is at least &quot;readable&quot; jeje &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3059" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T14:40:02.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5806" CreationDate="2014-05-28T14:54:29.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about &quot;¿Alguien ha visto mi Preparado H?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that if you are talking about an unanimated object, not a living thing, you don't use the &quot;a&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1494" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T14:54:29.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5803" CreationDate="2014-05-28T14:57:16.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verja or Cancela use to refer to metallic structures made of tubes. have you googled images to see the difference? a verja is a metallic structure made of tubes that keep people outside a zone, it is also used as gate in some zones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A cancela is a door/gate usually side to side with a verja, cancela is more used to refer to a metallic gate but can also be used as verja, it will depend on who are you talking to and who is he/she from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think i'm right but i am no linguist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3059" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T14:57:16.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5806" CreationDate="2014-05-28T15:10:35.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a well-known commercial brand in Spain, Hemoal. But a wider translation would be just &quot;crema para las hemorroides&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T15:10:35.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-05-28T15:12:56.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I DON'T think &quot;Hasta que tomé la píldora se me quitó el dolor.&quot; sounds good even in mexican. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this would be correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuando tome la píldora se me quitó el dolor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al tomar la píldora se me quitó el dolor&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the time means &quot;in that concrete moment&quot; or &quot;from that moment on&quot;, so you can use any expression that means the same  as &quot;en ese momento&quot;, &quot;justo entonces/cuando&quot;, &quot;no antes&quot; , etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;en el momento que tome la píldora se me quitó el dolor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;justo cuando tome la píldora se me quito el dolor&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;cuando tome la píldora y no antes se me quitó el dolor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this can be a bit confussing, we have tons of ways to say the same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I'm not mexican but obviously there are similarities between our dialects that anyone  would agree&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3059" LastEditorUserId="3059" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T15:23:00.930" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T15:23:00.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-05-28T16:18:49.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico it is normal to hear both versions, from my own point of view both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hasta qué tomé la píldora se me quitó el dolor.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the one I would use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No lo vi hasta que llegué a casa&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T16:18:49.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5826" CreationDate="2014-05-28T17:18:34.390" Score="10" ViewCount="6905" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the differences among these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dormitorio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;recámara&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alcoba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;habitación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dictionary says they all mean &quot;bedroom&quot;; I suspect it's a regional/dialectical thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are these words used for in your country/region and which of these is the most common one for &quot;bedroom&quot; in your country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please do mention your country so I know which dialect we are talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T09:52:41.967" LastActivityDate="2020-10-28T09:20:05.600" Title="What is the difference among 'dormitorio', 'recámara', 'alcoba' and 'habitación'?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5817" CreationDate="2014-05-28T17:23:24.423" Score="1" ViewCount="6025" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would one say &quot;I'm done&quot; (in the sense of &quot;I am finished with whatever I was doing until now&quot; or &quot;I'm free now&quot;) in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T00:06:44.730" Title="Translate &quot;I'm done&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5816" CreationDate="2014-05-28T17:39:54.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say it in different ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Listo!&#xA;Ya terminé (de hacer lo que estaba haciendo)&#xA;Ya acabé  (de hacer lo que estaba haciendo)&#xA;No tengo nada que hacer ahora (I'm free now)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T17:39:54.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T17:46:43.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Chicago but have a Venezuelan wife and some experience with Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the English sentence, &quot;Now,&quot; is very close to &quot;Well,&quot;, which in my life has always been spoken in the vernacular Espanol as &quot;Bueno,&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare:&#xA;Now, two thousand bucks...&#xA;Well, two thousand bucks...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...The two words (now and well) are interchangeable. Even if you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you see, two thousand bucks...&#xA;Well you see, two thousand bucks...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...Now you understand? ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3060" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T17:46:43.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5819" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5824" CreationDate="2014-05-28T17:47:21.650" Score="1" ViewCount="1076" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary says both mean &quot;to burn&quot;. Obviously there must be some difference, subtle or otherwise. What are they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T20:31:44.597" Title="Spanish for &quot;burn&quot;: &quot;quemar&quot; vs &quot;prender&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5822" CreationDate="2014-05-28T18:02:41.353" Score="0" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preferiría un asiento de pasillo, si disponible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better translation, one a native speaker is most likely to say? I would love to know what the most commonly heard sentence would be (even if it's not &quot;grammatically&quot; correct but used in the streets), especially in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if instead of &quot;if available&quot; I had to say, &quot;if one is available&quot;? This sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'd like an aisle seat if one is available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T18:58:56.613" Title="&quot;I'd like an aisle seat if available&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5819" CreationDate="2014-05-28T18:54:47.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;quemar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;prender&lt;/strong&gt; for the verb &quot;to burn&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, prender is used to &quot;turn on&quot; something, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Prender la luz - To turn on the light&#xA;Prender el horno - To turn on the oven&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, you can use &lt;strong&gt;encender&lt;/strong&gt;; so you can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Encender la luz&#xA;Encender el horno&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T18:54:47.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5820" CreationDate="2014-05-28T18:58:56.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preferiría un asiento de pasillo si está disponible&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... if &lt;strong&gt;it is&lt;/strong&gt; available&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preferiría un asiento de pasillo si hay disponibles&#xA;Preferiría en el pasillo si hay asientos disponibles&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T18:58:56.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5792" CreationDate="2014-05-28T19:49:48.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;En este/ese momento&quot; can be an option but I should omit that word because the time &quot;now&quot; is inherit in the sentence context. I am from Spain and I should traduce it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dos mil dólares no son una pequeña suma (de dinero) por lo que en su lugar Jim decidió comprar un Acer.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3062" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T19:49:48.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5819" CreationDate="2014-05-28T20:14:12.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all note that &lt;strong&gt;burn&lt;/strong&gt; means different things in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catch fire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be consumed by fire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make something to burn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quemar&lt;/strong&gt; is just &lt;strong&gt;burn&lt;/strong&gt;, in with meaning 3. Meaning 2 will be &lt;strong&gt;quemarse&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;arder&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prender&lt;/strong&gt;, however, means to &lt;strong&gt;catch fire&lt;/strong&gt; (meaning 1), &lt;strong&gt;put in flame&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, the act of start burning. It is sometimes used redundantly: &lt;strong&gt;prender fuego&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La madera mojada no prende bien. - Wet wood doesn't catch fire easily.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La madera verde no arde bien. - Green wood doesn't burn easily.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is subtly different:  the former means that it is difficult to start a fire with wet wood; the latter means that wet wood does not give great flames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with the following phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Los pirómanos quieren prender fuego al mundo! - Pyromaniacs want to burn down the world.&#xA;&#xA;¡Los pirómanos quieren quemar el mundo! - Pyromaniacs want to burn down the world.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is practially the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;strong&gt;prender&lt;/strong&gt;, as is, without &lt;strong&gt;fuego&lt;/strong&gt; following may require some context, because this word has a lot of different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &lt;strong&gt;prender&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;turn on&lt;/strong&gt; an electrical device sounds regional, from America, I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2014-05-28T20:31:44.597" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T20:31:44.597" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5815" CreationDate="2014-05-28T20:23:26.883" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Northern Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the most common word is &lt;strong&gt;habitación&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Vete a tu habitación!&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Go to your bedroom!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in books and on TV, &lt;strong&gt;cuarto&lt;/strong&gt; is probably more often seen and heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Vete a tu cuarto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are used with a possesive, thus &lt;strong&gt;tu habitación&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tu cuarto&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;your bedroom&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;your room&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But without the possesive, they may refer to any room, so in these cases &lt;strong&gt;dormitorio&lt;/strong&gt; is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se vende una casa con 4 dormitorios.&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;House sold with 4 bedrooms.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alcoba&lt;/strong&gt; sounds archaic. It can be used for rhetoric, poetic turns of phrase, or humoristic effect, except when it refers metaphorically to a marriage (or some similar relationship status in which a bed is shared), particularly in the idiom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problemas de alcoba.&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Marriage issues.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recámara&lt;/strong&gt; is almost never used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-10-28T09:20:05.600" LastActivityDate="2020-10-28T09:20:05.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5815" CreationDate="2014-05-28T20:34:45.510" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico... all 4 words are used for bedroom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recámara&lt;/strong&gt; also means chamber (the part of a pistol)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alcoba&lt;/strong&gt; as @rodrigo says, is only used in books, novels and so on, although in some places (like hotels) you can find &lt;strong&gt;alcoba matrimonial&lt;/strong&gt;  referring to a wedding suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dormitorio&lt;/strong&gt; could be &quot;dorm&quot;, a place when you find lots of beds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habitación&lt;/strong&gt; could be any room, just a place surrounded by 4 walls&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuarto&lt;/strong&gt; also means bedroom but has other meanings like &quot;the fourth part of something&quot; (Un cuarto the kilo - 1/4 kilo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-30T00:30:08.430" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T00:30:08.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5834" CreationDate="2014-05-29T01:39:58.003" Score="6" ViewCount="1000" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extracto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lamochila.espectador.com/lamochila2.php?m=amp&amp;amp;nw=MTk5Mw==&quot;&gt;Desde el tronco de un ombú&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ora enseñando los blancos dientes o dilatando las narices ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now showing his white teeth and flaring nostrils ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;ora&quot; a shortened version of &quot;ahora&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, when is one used and not the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3068" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T02:04:39.687" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T09:01:02.157" Title="Usage of ora vs ahora" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5848" CreationDate="2014-05-29T06:51:05.300" Score="2" ViewCount="796" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider this translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would have jumped the rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hubiese saltado a la cuerda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, how would we translate the same sentence if I added &quot;if I had to&quot; to it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would have jumped the rope if I had to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T08:56:42.883" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T16:37:45.717" Title="Translating &quot;if I had to&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5831" CreationDate="2014-05-29T06:55:57.903" Score="0" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por fin, metí el hilo por el ojo de la aguja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finally, I threaded the needle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;ojo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de la aguja&lt;/strong&gt; is the Spanish for the eye (the little hole/loop at the base of a (sowing) needle through which the thread goes) here; but somehow I get a feeling that this is too long a phrase for colloquial use. What's the word used by native speakers for this? Please also mention your country so I understand if your translation has any regional application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Please DO NOT quote RAE or any dictionary as I am more interested in finding out what the people speak in real life instead of what the books say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T08:15:22.627" LastActivityDate="2014-05-31T01:48:03.460" Title="the eye of the needle in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5830" CreationDate="2014-05-29T07:35:01.167" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;To refer to the hole I don't think there is specific word, it's &lt;code&gt;el ojo de la aguja&lt;/code&gt;. However, to refer to the action of inserting the thread in the hole, &lt;code&gt;enhebrar&lt;/code&gt; is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;enhebrar.&#xA;  1. tr. Pasar la hebra por el ojo de la aguja o por el agujero de las cuentas, perlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para poder coser la costura primero tienes que enhebrar la aguja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T07:35:01.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5830" CreationDate="2014-05-29T07:36:30.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The equivalent to &quot;thread a needle&quot; is &quot;enhebrar&quot; or &quot;hilar&quot;, so: &quot;Por fin enhebré la aguja&quot;, or &quot;Por fin hilé la aguja&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T07:36:30.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5829" CreationDate="2014-05-29T08:52:37.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not answering the question you posed but it's what you want to know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hubiese saltado la cuerda si hubiese tenido que (hacerlo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The omission of the last verb is advanced. Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiese tenido que hacerlo, hubiese saltado la cuerda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T21:40:14.917" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T21:40:14.917" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5827" CreationDate="2014-05-29T09:01:02.157" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=HgPg5Hlv3DXX2fb6NKz5%7C8lruvIMx0DXX2KkimXi4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, the use of &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; with this meaning has its origin as a shortened form of &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ora.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Afér.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; conj. distrib. &lt;strong&gt;ahora.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tomando ora la espada, ora la pluma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it replaces &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; only with a specific meaning: when it's used as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2013/04/ejemplos-de-conjuncion-distributiva.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjunción distributiva&lt;/a&gt;. Note that this is a rather archaic use, so you'll probably find it only in old or literary writings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One problem that remains is that this type of conjunctions normally have to appear in pairs, but in this sentence there is only one &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt;. Where is the other one? Let's take a look at the complete sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ora enseñando los blancos dientes o dilatando las narices, ya enarcando el cuello o dando una corveta, compele a su grey y la lleva al trazo de gramilla; se para de súbito, arroja un pequeño gruñido felino, y se pone a pastar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the author is mixing &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;, which is another conjunción distributiva. It would have been more standard to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ora&lt;/strong&gt; enseñando [...], &lt;strong&gt;ora&lt;/strong&gt; enarcando [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; enseñando [...], &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; enarcando [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt; can be used in a similar fashion. Although not all dictionaries list this meaning, I found it in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/now&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merrian Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4:&lt;/strong&gt; SOMETIMES &lt;em&gt;now one and now another&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/now?q=now&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;now ——, now ——&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At one moment ——, at the next ——:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a wind whipped about the house, now this way, now that&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary: it is a shortened version of &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;, but only with a specific meaning, and it is nowadays almost never used except in poetry and literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as the other answer mentions, &lt;em&gt;ora&lt;/em&gt; can also be the present tense, third-person singular, of &lt;em&gt;orar&lt;/em&gt;. It's not the meaning it has in this sentence, but keep it in mind if you find this same word again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T09:01:02.157" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5836" CreationDate="2014-05-29T12:20:01.833" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estabas cantando en voz alta en la ducha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You were singing loudly in the shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct? I mean is this how a native speaker would translate the sentence in a regular/colloquial conversation? Please provide your country in the answer to help me/others understand if there's any dialectical variation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T22:31:31.443" Title="Translating &quot;loudly&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5835" CreationDate="2014-05-29T12:35:23.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I'm from Northern Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;loud&lt;/code&gt; in English usually means high volume. That is &lt;code&gt;alto&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish, (or sometimes &lt;code&gt;fuerte&lt;/code&gt;, particularly if it can be confused with high tone or pitch, which is also &lt;code&gt;alto&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the expression &lt;code&gt;en voz alta&lt;/code&gt; has a subtler meaning: it is not &lt;code&gt;loudly&lt;/code&gt;, but just using normal speak volume, I think it would be &lt;code&gt;aloud&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;out loud&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lee el periódico en voz alta. - Read the newspaper aloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estabas cantando en voz alta en la ducha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You were singing aloud in the shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You were singing loudly in the shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estabas cantando (muy) alto en la ducha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-30T00:30:33.027" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T00:30:33.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5840" CreationDate="2014-05-29T13:05:35.120" Score="1" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say the sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need a bigger one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito una más grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This obviously doesn't sound right to me. So, I would like to know how a native speaker would translate such sentences with an adjective (in comparative form, such as bigger, smaller, thinner, higher, etc.) with the word &quot;one&quot; after it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, what if I had to say &lt;strong&gt;another one&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;bigger one&lt;/strong&gt; here? Will it be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;una otra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T13:23:45.323" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T13:33:49.850" Title="Translate &quot;bigger/smaller one&quot; into Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5839" CreationDate="2014-05-29T13:16:30.310" Score="0" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;Will this sentence take the subjunctive? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Put the spade in the shed when you're done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pon la pala en el cobertizo cuando terminas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct or should I use &lt;strong&gt;termines&lt;/strong&gt; (subjunctive) instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar case would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Leave the spade in the shed before you leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:24:32.513" Title="Translate &quot;...when you're done&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5838" CreationDate="2014-05-29T13:25:46.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are done&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando termines&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use The subjunctive form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you leave&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de irte&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T13:25:46.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5837" CreationDate="2014-05-29T13:33:49.850" Score="7" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Necesito uno (una) más grande&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No cabe en la bolsa, necesito una más grande&#xA;El costal está lleno, necesito uno más grande&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Otro - otra&#xA;Ya no tengo pintura, necesito otro litro&#xA;Yo no tengo pintura, necesito otra lata&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T13:33:49.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5838" CreationDate="2014-05-29T14:33:48.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In agreement with Nicoli:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;before you leave&lt;/strong&gt; could be = &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;antes que te vayas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3072" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T14:33:48.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5838" CreationDate="2014-05-29T18:05:06.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando estés listo/a&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cuando hayas terminado&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cuando termines.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native Spanish speaker. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T18:05:06.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5838" CreationDate="2014-05-29T19:08:17.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree, the subjunctive should not be used.  While it may be true that the subjunctive mood usually follows &lt;code&gt;cuando&lt;/code&gt;... that is just usually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Put the spade in the shed when you're done.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;has the same mood as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Be ready when I get there.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pull the lever when the light turns on&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of these has an expectation, not a doubt.  To say &lt;code&gt;cuando termines&lt;/code&gt; would imply an infinite timeframe, we would not know whether or not the person would ever even finish whatsoever.  So if that is the context you are looking for, then you are correctly using the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, your sentence should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pon la pala en el cobertizo cuando terminas.`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in your last sentence there is no expectation, and there is no definite point in time suggested.  This is a subjunctive mood. and the correct usage is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;antes de que...vayas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/07/ejemplos-de-nexos-temporales.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/07/ejemplos-de-nexos-temporales.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T20:00:08.653" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T20:00:08.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5829" CreationDate="2014-05-29T20:32:04.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example is wrong to begin with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have jumped the rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hubiese saltado la cuerda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hubiese saltado la cuerda&lt;/code&gt; translats to &lt;code&gt;Had I jumped the rope&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have jumped the rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría saltado la cuerda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how I would say it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviera que saltarla, habría saltado la cuerda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviera que saltar la cuerda, la habría saltado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use haber, like in this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiese tenido que hacerlo, habría saltado la cuerda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I &lt;strong&gt;had had&lt;/strong&gt; to do it, I would have jumped the rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hubiese and Hubiera are the same thing, by the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to say, &lt;code&gt;I would have done it&lt;/code&gt;, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lo habría hecho&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you start writing conditional statements, with a cause, and reason.. you get sentences like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;If I had an apple, then I would eat it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si yo tuviera una manzana la comería&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It boils down to this guideline&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;If... something in the subjunctive.. then... something in the conditional.. &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Something in the conditional, then.. something subjunctive.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo habría saltado la cuerda si yo tuviera que hacerlo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T01:25:37.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5829" CreationDate="2014-05-29T20:59:13.710" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If I had to&lt;/em&gt; cook -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Si yo tuviera que&lt;/em&gt; cocinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si tuviera que cocinar&lt;/em&gt; is less accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T20:59:13.710" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5815" CreationDate="2014-05-29T20:59:27.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They may all have exactly the same meaning, they do not all have the same context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuarto&lt;/code&gt; - Quarters.  Living quarters.  It's a very ancient term in English, but it still lingers in the spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Recámara&lt;/code&gt;, to me, makes me think of a hotel room, or a room for rent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alcoba&lt;/code&gt;, I have never heard, but judging from the others' attempt to translate it, I find it to mean nothing more than a &lt;code&gt;room&lt;/code&gt;.  Not a bedroom in particular, but rather just a room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aula&lt;/code&gt; is something I know has classroom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Habituación&lt;/code&gt; sounds like a very proper, fancy way to refer to a bedroom; I can see why it would be used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dormitorio&lt;/code&gt; is exactly what you would think it is, a dormitory.  In English, the word &lt;code&gt;dormitory&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;domicile&lt;/code&gt; are very proper names for a bedroom.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So again, even though they all mean the same thing, they deserve their contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T20:59:27.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5815" CreationDate="2014-05-29T21:02:13.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile we say &lt;em&gt;pieza&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dormitorio&lt;/em&gt;. Almost never &lt;em&gt;habitación&lt;/em&gt;, and never, never &lt;em&gt;alcoba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuarto&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;recámara&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T21:02:13.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5835" CreationDate="2014-05-30T04:01:02.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the situation and how to addressed the Audience. I would personally use ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You were singing loudly in the shower.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-Tu estabas cantando en voz alta en la Regadera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;friendly approach slang &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Tu estabas cantando escandalosamente en la regadera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the part where you used Escandaloso/escandalosamente,Only when you are going to refer to an individual as lazy(I know people in the field that refer to them as loud as a niece way and supposedly professional)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;John is very loudly when it comes work&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;John es bien escandaloso cuando se requiere trabajar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this above example you wouldn't use High Voice but rather Escandaloso. I grew at a community where people had little education so individuals refer to others as loud when they really meant lazy . I grew at the outskirt of Michoacan Mexico.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1796" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T04:01:02.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5830" CreationDate="2014-05-31T01:48:03.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;em&gt;el ojo de la aguja&lt;/em&gt;. There's not a shorter translation.&#xA;I'm a native speaker from Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-05-31T01:48:03.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6859" CreationDate="2014-05-31T14:05:48.650" Score="2" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;If somebody said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta &lt;strong&gt;él, pero no&lt;/strong&gt; su grupo de amigos &lt;sub&gt;I like &lt;strong&gt;him, but&lt;/strong&gt; not his group of friends&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could it be heard as this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta &lt;strong&gt;el perro, no&lt;/strong&gt; su grupo de amigos &lt;sub&gt;I like &lt;strong&gt;the dog, not&lt;/strong&gt; his group of friends&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, why not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T10:25:39.190" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T10:25:39.190" Title="Could 'Me gusta *él, pero no*...' be heard as 'Me gusta *el perro, no*...'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5780" CreationDate="2014-05-31T15:01:08.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Tiempo Verbal&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-presente de indicativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pretérito imperfecto de indicativo o copretérito (voseo chileno)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pretérito perfecto simple o pretérito de indicativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-futuro de indicativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-presente de subjuntivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pretérito imperfecto o pretérito de subjuntivo (voseo chileno)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-condicional o pospretérito (voseo chileno)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-imperativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will not make full conjugation ¬¬ :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vos hablás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vos comés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vos vivís&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;voseo&amp;quot; is country dependent.&#xA;see &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=iOTUSehtID6mVONyGX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=iOTUSehtID6mVONyGX&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Argentina/Colombia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos hablaste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Honduras&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos hablastes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know the conjugation of vosotros (vos+otros), you know conjugate &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Español áurico&amp;quot; Golden age Spanish. Modern &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot; change &amp;quot;ái&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;éi&amp;quot; by &amp;quot;á&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;é&amp;quot; in most countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Vosotros&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros habláis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español Áurico&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos habláis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español Moderno Voseante&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos hablás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some interesting phenoms exist, but they are not for this question. :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T13:31:51.227" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5856" CreationDate="2014-05-31T15:14:33.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;no en español estandar, porque son fonemas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ɾ] raro; pero; bravo; tronco; amor; comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[r] raro; perro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no estoy seguro si en algunas zonas caribeñas puede acontecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastActivityDate="2014-05-31T15:14:33.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5856" CreationDate="2014-05-31T15:49:46.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es bastante improbable que se confundan. La pronunciación entre &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt; es bastante distinta, además de que la entonación cambia,se hace una pequeña pausa (representada por la coma). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y centrándose en el significado, también es bastante improbable hacer una frase hablando del grupo de amigos de un perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-05-31T15:49:46.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5856" CreationDate="2014-05-31T21:45:57.473" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be spoken on purpose to make it sound confusing, if you were telling a joke, for example. But in normal speaking, they sound quite different. There are two main differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Stress and rhythm. They will sound more or less:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/me-gús-ta-él/ /pe-ro-nó-su-grú-po-dea-mí-gos/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/me-gús-tael-pé-rro/ /nó-su-grú-po-dea-mí-gos/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how the stresses and the pauses are in different places. Also the article &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; is joined with the previous syllable, while the pronoun &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; is vocalized separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. The words &lt;code&gt;pero&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;perro&lt;/code&gt; sound quite different to a native speaker. The &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; can be difficult to realize for a foreigner, or for natives with speech disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is worth noting that in writing the confusion is avoided by three differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The comma is in a different place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The pronoun &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; does have an accent over the &lt;code&gt;é&lt;/code&gt; while the article &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; does not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T10:18:38.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6861" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-01T19:50:40.227" Score="6" ViewCount="11906" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference between &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ambos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;los dos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna diferencia entre &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ambos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;los dos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustan los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustan ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3084" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T15:34:55.297" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T15:37:25.820" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;ambos&quot; and &quot;los dos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6861" CreationDate="2014-06-01T20:08:49.957" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are almost the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los dos&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;the two&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like the two girls in the class&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Me gustan las dos chicas en la clase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ambos&lt;/strong&gt; on the other hand means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are only two girls in the class and I like both&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Hay sólo dos chicas en la clase y me gustan ambas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think &lt;strong&gt;ambos&lt;/strong&gt; is more inclusive than &lt;strong&gt;los dos&lt;/strong&gt;. While &lt;strong&gt;los dos&lt;/strong&gt; could in certain cases refer to two particular items among many, &lt;strong&gt;ambos&lt;/strong&gt; would refer to two items where only those two are available to choose from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when the word &lt;strong&gt;cualquier&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;any one&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) is being used in this context, a native speaker would prefer &lt;strong&gt;los dos&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;ambos&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Uso cualquiera de las dos&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Use any of the two&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Cualquier los ambos&lt;/strong&gt;, regardless of whether it's grammatically correct, sounds weird to native ears and never used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are many cases where &quot;both&quot; isn't the equivalent of &quot;two,&quot; usually when it is used for emphasis. There's no one set way to express the concept; you need to look at the sentence to determine the context and develop a translation in that way. Here are some examples; note that the translations given aren't the only ones possible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Learning is a partnership in which the both the teacher and the student play a dynamic role.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El aprendizaje es una asociacíon en el cual tanto el maestro como el estudiante juegan un papel dinámico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Here, &quot;both&quot; adds emphasis, indicating that the teacher as well as the student play a role.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We want to buy a house that is both big and cheap.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Queremos comprar una casa grande y además barata&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The use of &quot;both&quot; suggests that the two qualities don't go together and thus adds emphasis. Here, además, which usually means &quot;also,&quot; fulfills a similar function.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pablo and Raúl both have bruises that are being treated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pablo y Raúl tienen sendos hematomas que están siendo tratados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;Both&quot; is used here to clarify that that each of the victims, not just one of them, is bruised. Sendos is an always-plural adjective often translated as &quot;respective&quot; or &quot;his or her own&quot; and is used here to provide a similar meaning. Sendos or sendas can also refer to more than two.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There were errors on both sides of the conflict.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hubo errores de uno y otro lado en el conflicto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;Both&quot; is used to emphasize the existence of a contrast, which uno y otro also does.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. I would love to have some native speaker correct me if I am wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T15:37:25.820" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T15:37:25.820" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5829" CreationDate="2014-06-01T21:09:06.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct phrase is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría saltado la cuerda si hubiera tenido que hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct, but slightly clumsy. Some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiera tenido que saltar la cuerda, lo habría hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría saltado la cuerda en caso de haber tenido que hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría saltado la cuerda de ser necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría saltado la cuerda de haberme visto obligado a ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T01:15:21.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6861" CreationDate="2014-06-02T13:31:13.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ambas&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;las dos&lt;/strong&gt; are almost the same. As far as i know, it's use depends of the situation. you have to be quite familiar with the spanish language to know how to use it properly. It's kind of similar to the use of pronouns in french. Ambos is more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;based in my personal opinion. I'm from Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T13:31:13.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-02T23:07:56.337" Score="1" ViewCount="5872" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between using the future perfect to describe probability in the past and using the conditional perfect to describe probability in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex. Yo habré comido mucho. v. Yo habría comido mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how do you know whether to use the conditional perfect or the future perfect when you have a sentence and want to conjugate a verb to indicate probability in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T20:24:39.443" Title="Probability: Future Perfect v. Conditional Perfect" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-06-03T01:12:10.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from central México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would translate the sense of the sentences in question as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta que tomé la píldora no se me quitó el dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until I took the pill, the pain did not go away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta que tomé la píldora se me quitó el dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only when I took the pill did the pain go away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the English translations I have posted are a good equivalent to what is going on grammatically &amp;amp; in terms of sentence &amp;quot;feeling&amp;quot; in the Spanish sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T16:46:53.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6865" CreationDate="2014-06-03T01:33:39.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo habré comido = I will have eaten&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo habría comido = I would have eaten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't imagine a time when you would use the future perfect to describe probability in the past.  For instance, in English, this makes no sense whatsoever&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will have eaten yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nor does it make any sense in Spanish, nor will it ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[H]ow do you know whether to use the conditional perfect or the future&#xA;perfect when you have a sentence and want to conjugate a verb to&#xA;indicate probability in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you could explain more what you mean when you say &amp;quot;probability in the past&amp;quot;, it is possible that I just don't understand your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T01:39:01.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5761" CreationDate="2014-06-03T01:42:16.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;It is what it is&quot; is literally translated to &quot;Es lo que es&quot;.  Maybe there is a phrase in Spanish with similar meaning which is used in situations where the English phrase &quot;it is what it is&quot; is used, but I don't think it is very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T01:42:16.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-03T02:06:37.337" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some may think this question is a duplicate of this&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3775/how-does-one-say-its-not-nothing&quot;&gt;How does one say &amp;quot;It&amp;#39;s not nothing.&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I feel the question was not answered fully, or at least I didn't learn very much from the answers..  There are several instances in English when using a double negative makes sense, adds emphasis, makes a clear point.  Examples..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Although I read through the aforementioned question, I didn't &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; learn anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I simply rewrote a clause from above, yet now it has more meaning to it.  Reading the question in the link &lt;strong&gt;did teach&lt;/strong&gt; me that others have asked themselves this same question before.  But, because of my use of a double negative it gives off the idea that I didn't expect to learn anything; the idea that I barely learned anything at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: Did posting your question on stackexchange work?&#xA;  A: It didn't not work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am at a total loss now on how to translate that.   You can't just add &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt; all willy nilly, can you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: ¿Te sirvió poner tu pregunta en stackexchange?&#xA;  A: No no me sirvió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That makes no sense to me, above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me no sirvió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one makes more sense to me, but sounds really unnatural.  What is the correct way to communicate the irony in such sentences with double negatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T08:30:19.377" Title="Translating a legit double negative" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-06-05T15:18:35.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6870" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-03T05:01:39.650" Score="1" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos lo hacen de manera que no (haber) errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this haya and not hay? The main clause is in the indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T16:39:58.287" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T00:52:19.667" Title="Conjugation of verb in sentence adverbial clause and subjunctive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6869" CreationDate="2014-06-03T05:59:45.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possibility in this case is using &lt;strong&gt;para nada&lt;/strong&gt;, which would be like &lt;strong&gt;at all&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: ¿Te sirvió poner tu pregunta en stackexchange? &#xA;  A: No, no me sirvió para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that you should post more examples. In any case you cannot write two &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; in a sentence following each other. I do not want to say irony is untranslatable in this case, but I do not see any means of conveying the meaning without writing something else&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2636" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T05:59:45.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6870" CreationDate="2014-06-03T08:22:11.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I'm not an expert in grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my idea is that subjuntive in clauses introduced by &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; are used when the second verb denotes an action related to the subject of the first one, but the first person is not the actual subject. The usual cases are when the first verb denotes &lt;em&gt;emotion&lt;/em&gt;, but also &lt;em&gt;responsibility&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;intention&lt;/em&gt; or similar things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me alegro de que no haya errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intenta que no haya errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos lo hacen de manera que no haya errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que no hay errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjuntive will also be used when the first verb is impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante que no haya errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa que no haya errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is worth noting that similar phrases using &lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; will not usually have the subjuntive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa si no hay errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me enfadaré si hay errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T17:51:21.173" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6869" CreationDate="2014-06-03T08:22:26.993" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now I can think of three usual ways to express English &quot;double-negatives&quot; in the sense you mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrap the sentence inside another and negate that: &quot;No es cierto que no me haya servido&quot;, &quot;no se puede decir que no haya aprendido nada&quot;, etc... Or simply, &quot;No es que ...&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the expression &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/dejar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no dejar de&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: &quot;No dejó de servirme&quot;, &quot;no dejé de aprender algo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a way to express the first negation without using negative particles, and negate that: &quot;no me resultó inútil&quot;, &quot;no quedé sin aprender algo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example: &quot;Tiene sentido&quot; (&quot;makes sense&quot;) → &quot;No tiene sentido&quot; →&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No se puede decir que no tenga sentido&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No deja de tener sentido&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No carece de sentido&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T08:30:19.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6865" CreationDate="2014-06-03T16:23:29.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a case when you can use the future perfect to describe an estimation (more than a probability):&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Había muchísima comida. Habré comido unos diez bocadillos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (=&lt;em&gt;&quot;There was a lot of food. I must have eaten about ten sandwiches&quot;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The difference is, when using those tenses by referring to the past:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Future perfect can be used for estimating something that, albeit known that happened for sure as it is a lived experience, cannot be assessed accurately (like in above example).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Conditional perfect can be used a possibility of what could have happened if some conditions have had met. (e.g. &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Habría comido diez bocadillos si me hubiesen dejado&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;I would have eaten ten sandwiches if they had allowed me&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So, answering to your second question, use the future perfect when estimating something, and the conditional perfect when assessing a possibility. The difference is subtle, but as a rule of thumb think in the first case when the fact you are talking about has indeed happened, and in the second case when the fact you are taking about could have happened, or there is more incertainty in what you are saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T16:42:43.813" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:42:43.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2014-06-03T18:21:39.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native norteño speaker I can tell you there is not a single norteño &quot;dialect&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from the northeast part of México (Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila) and we speak different to Chihuahua speakers and northwest speakers(Sonora, Sinaloa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thing the common factor is that &lt;em&gt;sureños&lt;/em&gt; always ask if we are angry, I think our accent sounds aggressive to them. And by the words and some sounds you can identify the speaker origin. A typical example is the &quot;sh&quot; phoneme, northwest speakers pronounce shushi as chuchi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T18:21:39.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5856" CreationDate="2014-06-03T20:11:42.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;well, &quot;Perro&quot; is pronounced very diferent to &quot;pero&quot;, so is not going to be misunderstood if you say it well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;look, &#xA;this is how you pronounce &quot;perro&quot;(dog) &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.forvo.com/word/perro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.forvo.com/word/perro/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this is how you pronounce pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.forvo.com/word/pero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.forvo.com/word/pero/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;easy...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T20:11:42.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6881" CreationDate="2014-06-03T20:36:14.227" Score="0" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you give me some tips how I can start learning Spanish ?&#xA;A way where I don't have to drill vocabularies and grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learned languages at school I was always able to read and write, but the important things of a language: the speaking and understanding wasn't that well developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this time I want to learn Spanish in a way, that will develop the important skills of languages. And in an easy way, that isn't boring and makes fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to speak and understand (listening).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have some tips how I can start learning ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How were your experiences with learning foreign languages and how did it work best for you ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3092" LastEditorUserId="3092" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T16:48:08.033" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:48:08.033" Title="Learning Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-06-05T02:03:45.397" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6877" CreationDate="2014-06-03T22:25:22.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the things that I did when I was learning Spanish which was fun and helped a lot was to watch Spanish movies with English subtitles. It helped me to pick up common phrases and lots of vocabulary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second suggestion is to find some Spanish language meetups or groups in your area and go to them. There are different kinds- I found the best ones are where it is just a group where you are encouraged to speak Spanish with each other. There are other ones where you sit in a circle and take turns to speak, but I find those intimidating and unhelpful. Just like the movies, it helps pick up common phrases and vocabulary and is a great way to meet other people who are learning Spanish and native speakers too. www.meetup.com is a great resource for finding groups and meetups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3050" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T22:25:22.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5835" CreationDate="2014-06-03T22:31:31.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have also heard people use &lt;code&gt;recio&lt;/code&gt;to mean loudly. &lt;code&gt;Estabas cantando muy recio...&lt;/code&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1334" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T22:31:31.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2418" CreationDate="2014-06-04T07:10:40.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From personal experience, having been born in Tampa to a Cuban born mother, &quot;La Setima&quot; would be compared to how most people pronounce &quot;Jewelry&quot; as Jewlery.  Although I find most people pronounce it Jewlery, I would never think it proper to spell it that way in a city's street sigs.  I grew up mispronouncing many spanish words since English is my first language.  This doesn't mean that spelling something phonetically makes it correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, since I find that many people born in Tampa to parents born in Italy, Cuba or Spain speak a certain slang that is only found in Tampa, I think they should leave the sign as it is and who cares what the tourist think!  It's our home, not theirs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3096" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T07:10:40.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6877" CreationDate="2014-06-04T09:15:23.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Duolingo (web/Android/iOS). I'm learning French with it and I find it quite useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T09:15:23.247" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2014-06-04T10:37:36.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not from Mexico but living in el DF have had a lot of norteño friends, mostly from Monterrey. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People from the north tend to have a more rhythmic way of speaking that differs from the long drawn out syllables of the &lt;code&gt;chilango&lt;/code&gt; in el DF. &lt;code&gt;No maaaaanches weey&lt;/code&gt; súper Chilango. The northern accent can be a bit more lively and kind of 'chops' the words, commonly described as &lt;code&gt;cantadito&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;golpeado&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from this there is the slang and different verbs they use, some of them not real spanish and taken from english. They also insert more english words in their speech than chilangos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;code&gt;¿Que estás watcheando?&lt;/code&gt; - what are you watching. &lt;code&gt;Pistear&lt;/code&gt; - to get drunk. &lt;code&gt;Se fue a parkear la truka&lt;/code&gt; - He has gone to park the truck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in the north they tend to say &lt;code&gt;vato&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;compadre / compa&lt;/code&gt; for when we in the south may say &lt;code&gt;wey&lt;/code&gt;. And in some areas, more towards Durango and Sinaloa, they often say el or la before the name of someone. &lt;code&gt;Acabo de ver la Marioll hace rato y anda bien encabronada contigo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pinishi&lt;/code&gt; - pinche (Like Motilio mentioned, the 'tsh' sound is very prevalent)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;loqueron&lt;/code&gt; - loquera / borrachera &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pichar&lt;/code&gt; - invitar &lt;code&gt;vamos de parranda compa, si jalas?&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;va pero tu pichas, que yo invite la vez pasada&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;te la bañaste&lt;/code&gt; - te pasaste / te la mamaste (súper vulgar) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many more and I'll add them as I remember them :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good video of slang comparison, although its not his native accent I think he does it well. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IBSNVMQ7gc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IBSNVMQ7gc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This guy is norteño and this video is somewhat representative of mannerisms. Skip the first minute.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW18sMYXU4s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW18sMYXU4s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last one, check out this entry on Frikipedia, its a joke version of wikipedia maintained by Mexicans. &lt;a href=&quot;http://inciclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Norte%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://inciclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Norteño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as Motilio mentions, there is no single accent. If you want a good example of the accent try and find a film called &lt;code&gt;el infierno&lt;/code&gt;, its pretty famous. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T16:38:13.057" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:38:13.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6884" CreationDate="2014-06-04T15:12:24.553" Score="3" ViewCount="2241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write a software program that will &quot;Americanize&quot; the pronunciation of Spanish text (using Mexican pronunciation) so that it is easier for English speakers learning Spanish to be reminded of how to pronounce the words. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many letters (b, d, f, etc.) no changes are needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For others (vowels, for instance) the equivalent sound is consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in a couple of cases, the letter can be pronounced differently (c and g).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I have in mind (remember, Mexican pronunciation of Spanish is what I'm aiming for):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a = ah&#xA;c = ? (s or k)&#xA;e = a&#xA;g = ? (g or h)&#xA;h = [silent - nothing]&#xA;i = ee&#xA;j = h&#xA;ll = y&#xA;ñ = ny&#xA;u = oo&#xA;q = k&#xA;y = ee (if standalone, as in &quot; y &quot;)&#xA;z = s&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any rules I could build into the software that would enable me to know when &quot;c&quot; is to be pronounced as &quot;s&quot; and when as &quot;k&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similary, are there any rules I could build into the software that would enable me to know when &quot;g&quot; is to be pronounced as &quot;g&quot; and when as &quot;h&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some time later, I wrote a programming tip that incorporates some of this knowledge in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/782640/A-Snippet-that-Transforms-Spanish-text-into-Simple&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Snippet that Transforms Spanish Text into Simple American English Phonetics&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-08T19:31:44.657" LastActivityDate="2018-07-08T19:31:44.657" Title="Are there consistent rules for pronouncing &quot;c&quot; and &quot;g&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2014-06-04T16:52:59.697" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;G&lt;/code&gt; is followed by either an &lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;E&lt;/code&gt;, then the pronunciation changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ga - gah&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ge - heh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gi - hee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Go - goh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gu - goo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and.. c&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ca - Kah&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ce - Say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ci - See&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Co - Koh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cu - Koo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can present a problem when a new Spanish learner is trying to spell.. If you are looking to create the sounds &lt;code&gt;Gay&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Ghee&lt;/code&gt;, then you will need a &lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gue - Gay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gui - Ghee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The letter &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt; will require the use of &lt;code&gt;Qu&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que - Kay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qui - Kee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if you want to actually pronounce the &lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt;, then you need only put a dieresis as Emilio pointed out in the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Güe - Gooway&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Güi - Goowee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qüe - Kooway&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qüi - Koowee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, you have a table like this to use as a cheat sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; - Ca = Ca&#xA; - Que = Ke &#xA; - ( Ce = Se ) &amp;lt;-- same in English&#xA; - Qui = Ki&#xA; - ( Ci = Si ) &amp;lt;-- same in English&#xA; - Co = Co&#xA; - Cu = Cu&#xA;&#xA; - Ga&#xA; - Gay ( or Güe = Gway ) or ( Ge = Heh )&#xA; - Gui ( or Güi = Gwee ) or ( Gi = He  )&#xA; - Go&#xA; - Gu&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-07-29T14:29:55.817" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T14:29:55.817" CommentCount="21" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2014-06-04T17:21:06.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pronunciation rules in Spanish are very consistent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Letter “C” has three different sounds, depending which letter comes next. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before E and I, it sounds SSS, like in Celsius, Civil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before H, sounds like Chalk, Challenge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before anything else, like K.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, letter “G” has consistent rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before E and I, sounds like Him, Her.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before anything else, like Goat, Gun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3099" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T17:21:06.687" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-06-04T18:50:17.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no implied noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same as &quot;sandwich&quot; in english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I am going to buy a tuna sandwich&#xA;&#xA;Me voy a comprar una empanada de jamon y queso&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if a sandwich is &quot;anything between two slices of bread&quot; an empanada is &quot;anything wrapped in dough and baked or fried&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia states that empanadas descend from middle eastern samosas, but the oldest european empanadas, the galician ones, are pies, very much similar to the ones known in the anglo-saxon world&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastEditorUserId="2348" LastEditDate="2014-06-04T18:56:38.790" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T18:56:38.790" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-06-04T20:15:27.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an implied action: &lt;strong&gt;empanar&lt;/strong&gt;. It means, according to DRAE,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;empanar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Encerrar &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; en masa o pan para cocerlo en el horno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there you are. Indeed the implied noun is (drums)... &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. whatever fits inside the &lt;em&gt;bread&lt;/em&gt;. It could be meat. But there's no &lt;em&gt;fixed&lt;/em&gt; implied known. But the fact that the bread should be stuffed leads to the participle of &lt;em&gt;empanar&lt;/em&gt;, namely &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T21:54:15.657" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T21:54:15.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2418" CreationDate="2014-06-04T21:42:04.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct, but a little antiquated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for September: Septiembre - Setiembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T21:42:04.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6889" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6891" CreationDate="2014-06-05T02:25:10.493" Score="8" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; both being used to indicate recipients:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi amor es por ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este regalo es para ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what situations regarding recipients are por and para usually used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3036" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T08:59:57.990" Title="Por y Para for Recipients" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2014-06-05T03:16:49.833" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; will never be the equivalent to &lt;code&gt;From&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I made guacamole from avocados.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation isn't&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hice guacamole para aguacates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but rather&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hice guacamole por aguacates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por&lt;/code&gt; usually implies a statement of time and space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I drove through Atlanta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manejé por Atlanta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to use &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; instead, it would sound .. thus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I drove for Atlanta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As if &lt;em&gt;Atlanta&lt;/em&gt; were sponsoring the drive of the subject of that sentence.  It could be added onto and it could be mean, &lt;code&gt;towards&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manejé por Atlanta desde Londrés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I drove to Atlanta from London.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I drove from London to Atlanta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manejé desde Londrés por Atlanta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made a cake for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hice un pastel para tí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; carries a meaning of &lt;code&gt;in order to&lt;/code&gt;.... or &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; as in a recipient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cociné para comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; as in... the recipient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cociné para Rodrigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made a cake for Julie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hice un pastel para Julie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to mistake por for para in the above sentence would leave you saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cociné por Rodrigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cooked through Rodrigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you should be using it thus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cociné por las instrucciones de Rodrigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cooked by Rodrigo's instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T03:29:07.243" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2014-06-05T07:45:32.040" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, at least, &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; is never used to refer to recipients, it's always &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He hecho este pastel para ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi amor es para él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el dinero que tiene es para sus hijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; is used to refer to the reason you have to do something. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo hice por él, se lo merecía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Él&lt;/code&gt; is the reason you chose to do something, he deserved something and you did it. &lt;code&gt;Él&lt;/code&gt; is not the recipient of the action, is the reason for doing it. As you can notice, is not the same as if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo hice para él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the recipient of something you did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T07:45:32.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:00:08.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt; is a preposition that indicates the sense or utility of a thing or action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Él juega para divertirse (he plays for fun)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;la plancha sirve para alisar la ropa (the iron serves to smoothing clothes)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; is a preposition that precedes a cause of an action mentioned previously (verb).&lt;code&gt;&quot;lo hice por ti&quot;&lt;/code&gt; explains that the cause of an action is a determined known person. Based on personal experience. Any comment that improve this explanation would be very helpful. &lt;em&gt;&amp;lt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:00:08.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2418" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:50:00.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct, as a native Spanish speaker I can tell that I rarely see &quot;sétima&quot; written, but I think for such a picturesque place, this name makes it even more charming. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1319" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:50:00.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:51:30.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, it isn't &quot;yeso&quot;, but it could be Pegacort, which is the &quot;adhesivo para azulejos&quot; and it should be without sand &quot;sin arena&quot;, because Pegacort comes with or without sand. &quot;Pegacort sin arena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-06-06T08:17:41.710" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T08:17:41.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5838" CreationDate="2014-06-05T15:49:10.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;When you are done.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perfecto del subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando hayas terminado. (tu) &#xA;Cuando hayás terminado. (vos) &#xA;Cuando haya terminado. (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos que cavás, poné la pala en el galpón cuando hayás terminado, hoy no vamos a tener guardia y si la dejás afuera la pueden robar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente de subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando terminas (tu)&#xA;Cuando teminás (vos)&#xA;Cuando termina (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos que trabajás cavando, poné la pala en el galpón cuando terminás, la pueden robar si la dejás afuera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro simple de subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando termines. (tu)&#xA;Cuando terminés. (vos)&#xA;Cuando termine. (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a contratarte como cavador, poné la pala en el galpón cuando terminés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando hubieres terminado (tu/vos)&#xA;Cuando hubiere terminado (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos vení cavá aquí, poné la pala en el galpón cuando hubieres terminado, depués venís a verme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you leave&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de irte. &#xA;Antes de irse.&#xA;Antes que te vayas (tu)&#xA;Antes que te vayás (vos)&#xA;Antes que se vaya (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you leave us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes que nos dejes.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you leave the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de (tu/vos/usted...) dejar el trabajo &#xA;Antes que dejes el trabajo (tu) &#xA;Antes que dejés el trabajo (vos) &#xA;Antes que deje el trabajo (usted)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="1939" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T16:24:32.513" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:24:32.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2014-06-05T16:30:27.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An old word for what there is inside the bread is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/companaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;companaje&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/compango&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compango&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've never heard it in the wild, so it is likely that even a native will not understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:30:27.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6870" CreationDate="2014-06-05T17:14:42.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When exist a possibility you use the &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it is true or if you have the possibility implicit, you do not use the &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ellos lo hacen de manera que no haya errores, tienen un buen departamento de control de calidad.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ellos lo hiceron de manera que no haya errores, vamos a probarlo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ello lo hicieron de manera que no hay errores, estoy sano y salvo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last can be said in a better way, but works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T17:14:42.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6902" CreationDate="2014-06-05T17:42:06.140" Score="1" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I'm Spanish, I can't recall for a word that accurately translates &quot;lorekeeper&quot;, as the person who knows the wisdom and tradition of his people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2305" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T09:22:13.797" Title="Translation for Lorekeeper" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5628" CreationDate="2014-06-05T18:03:19.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are absolutely right. Spanish here has the same conventions as English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are describing yourself in English, you use the present tense as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I &lt;strong&gt;am&lt;/strong&gt; very hardworking&quot;, &quot;I &lt;strong&gt;am&lt;/strong&gt; somewhat shy&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you use the same present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Soy&lt;/strong&gt; muy trabajador&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Soy&lt;/strong&gt; algo tímido&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T18:03:19.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6899" CreationDate="2014-06-05T19:53:53.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sabio, erudito, docto, anciano del pueblo, sabio del pueblo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a direct translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;guardasabiduría&#xA;guardia de la sabiduría&#xA;guardián del conocimiento&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for a game or a novel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Grand Mayan Lorekeeper&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Gran Guardián de la Sabiduría Maya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Folclore&quot; es un extranjerismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;lorequiper&quot; puede ser el siguiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can use a traduction note, it's common in science fiction or fantasy novels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="1939" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T20:12:51.907" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T20:12:51.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6899" CreationDate="2014-06-06T09:22:13.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In celtic cultures, where the tradition is mainly oral, the bards (&quot;bardos&quot; in spanish) were the ones who maintained the ancient knowledges and passed it from one generation to another, mainly in the form of songs, or poems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, depending on the cultural heritage of your context (for example on the north of Spain), you could use the word &quot;bardo&quot; as a somewhat equivalent of lorekeeper. You can think that all bards are lorekeepers while not all lorekeepers are bards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you should take this with a grain of salt, as the use of the word &quot;bardo&quot; has evolved quite a lot with the past of time, and today is something perceived more like a minstrel than a lorekeeper, so... while the use of &quot;bardo&quot; would be ethimologically correct, maybe your audience don't understand it correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T09:22:13.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-07T07:29:25.120" Score="4" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Governor General Simon de Anda y Salazar and his defenders entered&#xA;  Manila to accept the &lt;strong&gt;turnover&lt;/strong&gt; of the city of Manila from the British&#xA;  forces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am translating this as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus protectores entraron a&#xA;  Manila para aceptar  el &lt;code&gt;movimiento&lt;/code&gt; de la ciudad de Manila de las&#xA;  fuerzas inglesas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the right translation for the word &lt;code&gt;turnover&lt;/code&gt;? My dictionary says &lt;code&gt;el movimiento&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;movimiento de personal&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T19:49:57.580" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T19:49:57.580" Title="How do you say “Turnover” in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-07T18:37:08.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Turnover lo he oído cuando hay una rotación o renovación del personal, ya sea de una empresa (employee turnover) u otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&amp;amp;article_id=697&amp;amp;issue_id=92005&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Police departments across the country are reporting increased rates of staff turnover. Many agencies are spending enormous amounts of resources on recruiting, selecting, and training new employees. At the same time, they are unable to make progress because they are losing experienced officers to other employers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case it is due to the British invasion on Manila and the resistance from natives with Simón de Anda. Enemy surrendered at 1874 according to Wikipedia an many other sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Guerra de Siete Años terminó con el Tratado de París (1763), firmado el 10 de febrero de 1763. En el momento de la firma del tratado, los firmantes no eran conscientes de que Manila había sido tomada por los británicos y, en consecuencia cayó bajo la disposición general de que todas las demás no se disponga lo contrario será devuelto a la corona española.14 &gt; Después Arzobispo Rojo falleció en enero de 1764, el ejército británico finalmente reconoció Simón de Anda y Salazar como el legítimo gobernador de Filipinas, enviándole una carta dirigida al la Real Audiencia y Capitanía General Gobernadora, tras lo cual Anda acordó un armisticio a condición de que las fuerzas británicas se retiraron de Manila en marzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your sentence or translation can be...if your sentence is &lt;a href=&quot;http://tumblr.malacanang.gov.ph/post/51775954581/today-in-history-in-1764-simon-de-anda-y-salazar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;that one&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TODAY IN HISTORY: In 1764, Simón de Anda y Salazar and his defenders enter Manila to accept the turnover of the City of Manila from the British forces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En 1764, Simón de Anda y Salazar junto a sus defensores/tropas entro (en Manila) como legitimo gobernador de Filipinas en la ciudad de Manila tal y como acordaron con las fuerzas británicas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this would be a good translation. The turnover makes sense here because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;From wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El 2 de noviembre de 1762, Dawsonne Drake de British East India Company asumió el cargo como gobernador británico de Manila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is a 'rotación/cambio/renovación del personal' in this case as 'Gobernador de Manila' to Simón de Anda in 1764 from Manuel Antonio Rojo del Río, and from Dawsonne Drake in the british side of Manila. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option can be &lt;em&gt;relevo&lt;/em&gt; de gobernador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocupaci%C3%B3n_brit%C3%A1nica_de_Manila&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-06-07T19:14:14.833" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T19:14:14.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-08T03:58:30.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus protectores entraron en Manila para aceptar de vuelta la ciudad de Manila por parte del dominio británico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay palabras que no tienen el mismo significado o connotación en Español cuando las traduces literalmente. Por lo menos yo, cuando trato de traducir algo, lo que hago es cojer la idea en ingles y reproducirla en Español, no las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-06-11T17:57:33.647" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T17:57:33.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6908" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-09T17:12:45.403" Score="1" ViewCount="589" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país (Uruguay) hay una propensión muy grande a cometer el error que ilustro en el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan me pidió que vaya a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando debería ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan me pidió que fuera a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo y oigo tan, tan a menudo este error, que empiezo a dudar que lo sea. ¿Podrían confirmarme si es un error o no, y darme alguna referencia al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T19:42:33.557" Title="Pretérito perfecto + subjuntivo presente" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6908" CreationDate="2014-06-09T18:18:34.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es un error? No sé. Por lo menos está reconocido por la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.1.1e&lt;/strong&gt; La tabla presentada en el §24.1.1a contiene cuatro tiempos del subjuntivo. En algunas variantes del español popular andino (y, en menor medida, del rioplatense) se neutralizan la primera y la tercera (con tiempos simples) y también la segunda y la cuarta (con tiempos compuestos). En estas variantes son comunes secuencias como &lt;em&gt;No llovió. Yo quería que llueva&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;... que lloviera&lt;/em&gt;), y también las correspondientes con tiempos compuestos: &lt;em&gt;Yo quería que haya llovido&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;... que hubiera llovido&lt;/em&gt;). Estos usos no han pasado a los registros formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas de la tabla 24.1.1a a las que se refiere son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;primera: presente (&lt;em&gt;No creo que Arturo &lt;strong&gt;venga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;segunda: pretérito perfecto compuesto (&lt;em&gt;No creo que Arturo &lt;strong&gt;haya venido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tercera: pretérito imperfecto (&lt;em&gt;No creo que Arturo {&lt;strong&gt;llegara&lt;/strong&gt; ~ &lt;strong&gt;llegase&lt;/strong&gt;}&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuarta: pretérito pluscuamperfecto (&lt;em&gt;No creo que Arturo {&lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; ~ &lt;strong&gt;hubiese&lt;/strong&gt;} &lt;strong&gt;llegado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T18:18:34.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6908" CreationDate="2014-06-09T18:45:14.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en mi ambiente (Argentina), la confusión entre tiempos presente y pasado del subjuntivo es común, y la forma incorrecta es tolerada en el habla informal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que pones de ejemplo, además, la ambigüedad es mayor, porque, estrictamente hablando, las dos son aceptables con significados levemente distintos (y según el contexto, uno puede o no querer distinguir esos significados). Se trata de que, mientras la acción del verbo principal está en el pasado (&quot;me pidió&quot;), la acción pedida (&quot;ir a su casa&quot;) puede referirse a un pasado finiquitado (con lo cual lo correcto sería &quot;que fuera&quot;), pero también puede ser un pedido vigente (en cuyo caso es correcto &quot;que vaya&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. &quot;Juan está internado en el hospital, nos pidió que lo &lt;strong&gt;visitemos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (el subjuntivo rige en el &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. &quot;Cuando Juan estuvo internado en el hospital, nos pidió que lo &lt;strong&gt;visitáramos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (en el &lt;strong&gt;pasado&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas son las versiones correctas, intercambiar los tiempos sería levemente incorrecto, pero aceptado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-06-09T19:42:33.557" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T19:42:33.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6913" CreationDate="2014-06-10T05:46:40.893" Score="1" ViewCount="823" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is the preferred way to translate &quot;used&quot; to in Spanish? Consider the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I used to eat ice-cream everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comía helado cada día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solía comer helado cada día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the more natural translation (particularly in Mexico)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I often visit her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the below sentences is the more natural translation (in Mexico) and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A menudo la visito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suelo visitarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T15:39:36.640" Title="Soler vs imperfect tense for &quot;used to&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6912" CreationDate="2014-06-10T06:55:50.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are asking for a Mexican usage of your sentences, here are some choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first sentence, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I used to eat ice-cream everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comía helado a diario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comía helado todos los dias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my point of view, &quot;soler&quot; is pretty formal word and we rarely use it in a common conversation in México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second sentence,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I often visit her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La visito seguido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;code&gt;a menudo&lt;/code&gt;, its not used in a common conversation, once again, it sounds too formal on a simple day to day conversation.&#xA;The use of &lt;code&gt;soler&lt;/code&gt; in this sentence doesn't sound common for me, since we usually use it to indicate past actions. I'm not sure if this usage its correct or not, but according to my experience when its used its generally to indicate past actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T06:55:50.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2014-06-10T11:03:33.357" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When C is followed by A, O or U,&lt;/strong&gt; the C is pronounced as [k], similar to English &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;key&lt;/em&gt; [ki].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: casa &lt;code&gt;[ˈkasa]&lt;/code&gt; (velar) or quiero &lt;code&gt;[ˈkjeɾo]&lt;/code&gt; (palatal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When C is followed by E or I,&lt;/strong&gt; the C is pronounced as [θ], similar to English &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; [θɪŋk].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: cebolla &lt;code&gt;[θeˈβoʎa]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When G is followed by A, O or U,&lt;/strong&gt; the G is pronounced as [ɣ]. In the beginning of a word or after N the G is pronounced as [g].&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; It's similar to English &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;guitar&lt;/em&gt; [ɡɪˈtɑr].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: pagar &lt;code&gt;[paˈɣar]&lt;/code&gt; or gafas &lt;code&gt;[ˈgafas]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When G is followed by E or I,&lt;/strong&gt; the G is pronounced as [x]. This is identical to the letter J. I don't know an English example but if you're familiar with German, it's similar to the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Bach&lt;/em&gt; [baχ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: general &lt;code&gt;[xeneˈɾal]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[χeneˈɾal]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If there's a U between G and E or I,&lt;/strong&gt; respectively, the pronunciation is [g]. The U is not pronounced. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: guerra &lt;code&gt;[ˈgera]&lt;/code&gt; or guitarra &lt;code&gt;[giˈtara]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the U should be pronounced as well,&lt;/strong&gt; it is written Ü. It does not affect the pronunciation of G further and the rules given above are applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: lingüística &lt;code&gt;[liŋˈgwistika]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, in some regions the pronunciation may differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/velar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Velar&lt;/a&gt;: formed with the back of the tongue touching or near the soft palate&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/palatal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Palatal&lt;/a&gt;: formed with some part of the tongue near or touching the hard palate posterior to the teethridge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Note that [ɣ] and [g] are &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;allophones&lt;/a&gt;. The differences is too little to be distinguishable and you can consider them to be phonemically the same. An Example in English would be the &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; sound in &lt;em&gt;hit&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tip&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;little&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T15:48:14.270" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T15:48:14.270" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-10T14:39:02.390" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word I would use is &quot;entregar,&quot; since it has the connotations of to &quot;hand in,&quot; or &quot;surrender.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not have the usual connotations of &quot;turnover,&quot; which might be rotacion or movimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus protectores entraron a&#xA;  Manila para aceptar la entrega de la cuidad por parte de las&#xA;  fuerzas inglesas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One can't &quot;move&quot; a city. But one can transfer the &quot;keys&quot; to the city, and thereby surrender (entregar) it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T02:12:39.443" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T02:12:39.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-10T15:32:37.080" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right translation on your context is &quot;pérdida&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El governador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus defensores entraron a Manila para aceptar la pérdida de la ciudad en pos de las fuerzas británicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4125" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T15:32:37.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6912" CreationDate="2014-06-10T15:39:36.640" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most natural translation is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comía helado cada día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4125" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T15:39:36.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-10T15:54:49.530" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, I think the right translation of &lt;em&gt;turnover&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;devolución&lt;/em&gt;. And I would add &lt;em&gt;por parte de&lt;/em&gt; to make the sentence clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus protectores entraron a&#xA;  Manila para aceptar la &lt;strong&gt;devolución&lt;/strong&gt; de la ciudad de Manila &lt;strong&gt;por parte de&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  las fuerzas inglesas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not too comfortable about the translation of &lt;em&gt;defenders&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence, but this goes out of the scope of the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T15:54:49.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6920" CreationDate="2014-06-10T16:38:32.803" Score="2" ViewCount="8436" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most accurate &quot;you all&quot; translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two &quot;yous&quot;. Singular and plural you. The latter is sometimes called &quot;you all&quot;, &quot;y'all&quot;, or &quot;youse guys&quot; in American English. What is the most accurate Spanish rendition of plural you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried three online translators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Translate.com gives me &quot;you all&quot; (untranslated =&gt; it throws up its hands, apparently)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google Translate gives me &quot;&lt;strong&gt;todos ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bing Translator gives me &quot;&lt;strong&gt;todos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, how does one differentiate in Spanish between a singular and plural you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You (Paco) gave me a black eye    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You (Paco, Rubén, and Raúl) gave me a black eye&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T21:46:22.140" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T21:53:36.343" Title="Singular and Plural &quot;You&quot; - how does one differentiate in Spanish between a singular and plural you?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6919" CreationDate="2014-06-10T17:11:00.787" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish from Spain, there is the informal plural you &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and the formal plural you &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latinamerican Spanish, as far as I can tell, lost the informal one, leaving only &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain-spanish informal would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Iréis vosotros al cine esta noche? &lt;sub&gt;Will you all (informal) go to the movies tonight?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain-spanish formal, Latinamerican formal/informal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Irán ustedes al cine esta noche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases the pronoun can be omitted as it can be derived from the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your friend Paco and the others...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You (Paco) gave me a black eye&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    --&gt; Me dejaste el ojo morado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You (Paco, Ruben, and Raul) gave me a black eye:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   --&gt; Me dejasteis el ojo morado (informal Spain)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    --&gt; Me dejaron el ojo morado (all the others)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T21:51:01.850" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T21:51:01.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6919" CreationDate="2014-06-10T17:14:30.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/subpro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;StudySpanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When referring to &amp;quot;you-all,&amp;quot; there are two choices in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ustedes / you-all formal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vosotros / you-all familiar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once again, the difference lies in the degree of formality conveyed by the speaker. However, the vosotros form is used primarily in Spain. Throughout Latin America, &amp;quot;ustedes&amp;quot; is generally used in both formal and informal situations to refer to &amp;quot;you-all.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking to a group of children (in Spain): vosotros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking to a group of children (in Latin America): ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking to a group of strangers  (in Spain): ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking to a group of strangers  (in Latin America): ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your examples  &lt;em&gt;You (Paco) gave me a black eye&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;You (Paco, Ruben, and Raul) gave me a black eye&lt;/em&gt;, we would distinghish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Singular subject ? Then use &lt;em&gt;tú/usted&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú me dejaste el ojo morado / Usted me dejó el ojo morado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plural subject? Then use &lt;em&gt;vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros me dejasteis el ojo morado / Ustedes me dejaron el ojo morado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T21:53:36.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6923" CreationDate="2014-06-10T19:52:58.710" Score="2" ViewCount="1909" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Da igual referirse a una persona de Reino Unido como inglés o británico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que Gran Bretaña es la mayor de las islas del archipiélago británico, e Inglaterra es una de las tres regiones de Gran Bretaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me entra la duda, por ejemplo si le decimos chino a un japonés o viceversa, podría resultar en ofender a la persona aunque se sepa que son dos países distintos. En mi país, Cuba, es común decirle china o chino a todas las personas con características asiáticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es el gentilicio correcto a usar para referirse a una persona de Reino Unido?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2636" LastEditDate="2014-06-11T13:46:29.407" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T01:08:47.170" Title="Inglés vs Británico" Tags="&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6922" CreationDate="2014-06-10T20:06:06.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, porque &lt;em&gt;británico&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a los que son de Gran Bretaña (Inglaterra, Gales, Escocia), e &lt;em&gt;inglés&lt;/em&gt; se refiere exclusivamente a los que son de Inglaterra. Gran Bretaña es la isla donde están aquellos países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y Reino Unido comprende a Irlanda del Norte y Gran Bretaña. El gentilicio es &lt;em&gt;británico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastEditorUserId="2636" LastEditDate="2014-06-11T15:09:26.683" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T15:09:26.683" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-10T20:47:23.863" Score="0" ViewCount="3600" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dictionary says both mean &lt;strong&gt;often&lt;/strong&gt;. Which one is a better way to say &lt;strong&gt;often&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish in day to day conversations? If there are regional variations, I would like to know what Mexicans prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T14:28:07.613" Title="&quot;A menudo&quot; vs &quot;frecuentemente&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6924" CreationDate="2014-06-10T22:35:19.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In northern Mexico we say &quot;seguido&quot;, it's not grammaticaly correct, but it's used in a day to day manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy seguido al cine =&gt; I often go to the movies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seguido me quedo tarde en el trabajo =&gt; I often stay late at work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Frecuentemente&quot; is more formal (and correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T20:56:19.273" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T20:56:19.273" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2014-06-11T00:21:04.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very simple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;K sounds [like cat] are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ca = Kah &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que = Keh (The U is silent)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qui = Kee (Silent U)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Co = Kow &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cu = Koo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;S sounds [like sun]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ce = Security &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ci = Seal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Th sounds [like thor] [ONLY in spain]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ce = Theh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ci = Thee&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;G [like garlic] sounds are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ga = Gah&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gue = Ghe (like Spaghetti)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gui = like GIMP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go = Goh &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gu = Goo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Güe = Here you do pronounce the U&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Güi = Here to like in Penguin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the letter Y is pronounced as J when followed by vowels for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yuca = Joo-kah&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cayo = kah-joh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and other cases as EE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carey = Kah-rey&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Someone said that G is pronounced as W, yes, but that's because sometimes spanish speakers hear diptong with U and GU as the same sound, we can hear the difference but when speaking we don't notice that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GÜEVO [incorrect spelling] and HUEVO [correct spelling] can be pronounced both WE and GÜE but the &quot;right&quot; one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-06-11T21:27:53.837" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T21:27:53.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6927" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6938" CreationDate="2014-06-11T06:16:45.787" Score="3" ViewCount="29551" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several questions on this site that deal with the correct pronunciation of &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; but despite sounding like a duplicate, this question addresses a slightly different issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read almost universally that &quot;ll&quot; is pronounced as the &quot;y&quot; of &quot;yellow&quot; in Mexico. However, I also read someone saying that at least in Guadalajara they use a mix of two pronunciations (the &quot;y&quot; of &quot;yellow&quot; as well as the &quot;j&quot; of &quot;jello&quot;). He goes on to say that words like &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;amarillo&lt;/strong&gt; are pronounced with the &quot;yellow&quot; sound whereas the place name &lt;strong&gt;Saltillo&lt;/strong&gt; is pronounced with the &quot;jello&quot; sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet another resource gives the &quot;jello&quot; sound as the prevalent pronunciation in DF. Now it clearly seems that both the sounds are used in varying degrees in different regions of Mexico and certain words are pronounced with one sound while others go with the other sound. I really want to know and understand how the Mexicans decide which sound to go with for a given word. Are there unstated phonetic rules that the locals (Mexicans) follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:25:53.017" Title="Pronunciation of &quot;ll&quot; in Mexico" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-11T21:15:57.970" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-11T10:29:11.633" Score="0" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to understand a fifteenth century text, and I've come across the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... las quales dichas syete ystorias nos obligamos de bazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas por de dentro e por de fuera e pintadas al olio sobre muy buen aparejo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the phrase 'de bazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas' though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know what the modern Spanish equivalent might be / can explain the meaning, either in Spanish or English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4129" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T10:56:16.590" Title="Understanding &quot;bazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6928" CreationDate="2014-06-11T15:03:30.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bazer&lt;/em&gt;? Are you sure it's not &lt;em&gt;Fazer&lt;/em&gt;?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Fazer&lt;/em&gt; = modern &lt;em&gt;Hacer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: &lt;em&gt;bazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;hacer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aparejadas&lt;/em&gt;: linked to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ennervadas&lt;/em&gt;: united (although I'm not 100% sure about this meaning, I didn't find a proper definition for &lt;em&gt;ennervadas&lt;/em&gt;, even in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T15:03:30.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6936" CreationDate="2014-06-11T15:27:20.533" Score="-2" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created a table with various simple sentences in English translated into Spanish by Translate.com/Google Translate and Bing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be interesting to note that they usually render the translations differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing any basic &quot;taco&quot; sentences? I will add them if I am. It can be seen here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jsfiddle.net/clayshannon/LU7qm/16/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jsfiddle.net/clayshannon/LU7qm/16/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T05:19:59.257" Title="What simple sentence types am I missing?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6928" CreationDate="2014-06-11T16:12:20.110" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;After some searching in old Google books, I came to the conclusion that &lt;em&gt;bazer&lt;/em&gt; is in fact a typical OCR error when scanning &lt;em&gt;hazer&lt;/em&gt;, which is an old form of &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;to do/to make&lt;/em&gt;. See for instance the following screenshot of a Google book where I searched for &lt;em&gt;bazer&lt;/em&gt; and all instances of &lt;em&gt;hazer&lt;/em&gt; are highlighted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z1V4i.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;gb&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the rest of the sentence it would be better if you could show us some more of the text before this passage, but it seems that seven paintings were very well painted over a very good support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T20:55:34.800" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T20:55:34.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6924" CreationDate="2014-06-11T16:44:48.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference in using &lt;strong&gt;a menudo&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;frecuentemente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Motilio is correct, &lt;strong&gt;a menudo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;frecuentemente&lt;/strong&gt; are not used in a day to day conversations. We use &lt;strong&gt;seguido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Deberíamos ir más seguido al cine&#xA;&#xA;María viene a visitarme seguido&#xA;(María viene a visitarme a menudo)&#xA;(María viene a visitarme frecuentemente)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T16:44:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-06-11T16:53:20.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Mexico City (DF) and I do not see any differences in pronunciation between &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot;. For instance, I do pronounce the same way &lt;strong&gt;amarillo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Saltillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Troya&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;olla&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;paella&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T16:53:20.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2014-06-11T21:03:25.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile, we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resfrío&lt;/em&gt; (common) or &lt;em&gt;Resfriado&lt;/em&gt; (less common): cold&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gripe&lt;/em&gt; (common) or &lt;em&gt;Influenza&lt;/em&gt; (less common, because &lt;em&gt;gripe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;influenza&lt;/em&gt; are actually different): flu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-12-29T18:47:54.060" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T18:47:54.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-06-11T21:37:19.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since we can't hear a difference [Unless you pay attention to it] it doesn't matter how you pronounce it, we mix both letters and pronunciations so you'll never find a pattern [Maybe ther's a pattern but i think that is complicated and we just don't think about it, linguistics stuff], even sometimes sounds as &quot;Mea&lt;b&gt;su&lt;/b&gt;re&quot;. But you just have to check that never sounds like &quot;you&quot; as a vowel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T21:37:19.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6930" CreationDate="2014-06-11T21:41:46.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could possibly add the Pretérito Anterior, even though it is rarely used nowadays, at least in spoken language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you like tacos so much?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2856" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T21:41:46.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2014-06-11T21:42:39.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well... I'm from Mexico but where I come frome we just say &quot;gripa&quot; for cold and &quot;gripa&quot; for flu [haha] but we say that it was a very bad &quot;gripa&quot; or &quot;gripa de perro&quot; (dog's flu) very commonly used. There are other words but those are used in the TV or other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T21:42:39.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-06-12T00:11:56.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a Mexican (American) Spanish teacher from the southern part of Mexico who would often pronounce &quot;ll&quot; like a &quot;j.&quot; For instance, the word &quot;brillo,&quot; was pronounced &quot;bri jo&quot; instead of &quot;bri yo.&quot; And she pronounced &quot;llamo&quot; as &quot;jamo.&quot; So apparently, that is an &quot;accent&quot; from that part of the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T00:11:56.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6939" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-12T02:03:18.237" Score="1" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;poder&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. But generally it would indicate the ability to do something rather than the permission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You cannot drink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo beber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above sentence could imply: 1) that the subject is unable to drink, and 2) that the subject is forbidden to drink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;strong&gt;poder&lt;/strong&gt; cover both the scenarios? Or is there a different word I should consider using to imply forbiddance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The doctor says you cannot (are forbidden to) drink either milk or juice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above sentence, would the following be the translation preferred by a native speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dice el doctor que no puedes tomar ni leche ni jugo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what would be the most natural way to convey the sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. If there are regional quirks, I'd prefer Mexico-centric answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T16:19:02.673" Title="Translation of &quot;can&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2014-06-12T07:19:05.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain you can use &lt;code&gt;poder&lt;/code&gt; for both cases, it's OK. But, if you want to specify that you cannot do something because is forbidden, you can use &lt;code&gt;no tienes permitido ...&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tienes prohibido ...&lt;/code&gt; clauses. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El doctor dice que no puedes beber ni zumo ni leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El doctor dice que no tienes permitido beber ni zumo ni leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El doctor dice que tienes prohibido beber zumo y leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T07:19:05.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2014-06-12T08:05:32.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addidion to itziki answer, to express the fact you are unable to do something not because it's forbidden but for some other reason, you might use &lt;em&gt;ser capaz&lt;/em&gt;, eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No soy capaz de beber leche por que me da nauseas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T08:05:32.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2014-06-12T10:07:04.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To wrap up the answers given by itzike and jlliagre, you can interpret the verbs as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedes beber leche = you cannot drink milk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tienes permitido beber leche = you are not allowed to drink milk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes prohibido beber leche = you are forbidden to drink milk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No eres capaz de beber leche = you are not able to drink milk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2013" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T10:21:32.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2014-06-12T15:47:14.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also the passive &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; method of saying, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;You can't do that.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a robar el banco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se lo permite!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating to &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;It's not allowed&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;You can not do that!&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T16:19:02.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6928" CreationDate="2014-06-13T05:46:48.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enervar: Debilitar, quitar las fuerzas. (Weaken, take strenght) [Google translate sorry if wrong]. From the latin enervare (weaken)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so the phrase 'de hazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas' would be translated as 'to make them [the stories] liked and weaken', if you add more text maybe we'll answer clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T05:46:48.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2014-06-13T06:14:16.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: What's in the box?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Oh, nothing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A: It's not nothing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué hay en la caja?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: Oh, nada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A: No, no es nada. or No es nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a possible translation but you have to say it with a specific intonation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No, no &lt;b&gt;es&lt;/b&gt; nada.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A longer pause after the comma and &quot;es&quot; sounds high, more acute and soft. But meaning is usually conveyed via facial expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-22T12:40:05.640" LastActivityDate="2020-03-22T12:40:05.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6928" CreationDate="2014-06-13T10:56:16.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &lt;em&gt;bazer&lt;/em&gt; was correctly explained by @rsanchez: it is, in fact, &lt;em&gt;hazer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aparejadas&lt;/em&gt; refers to the &lt;em&gt;aparejos&lt;/em&gt; in a building (&lt;em&gt;brickwork&lt;/em&gt;) or a ship (&lt;em&gt;riggings&lt;/em&gt;). And &lt;em&gt;ennervadas&lt;/em&gt; refers to the &lt;em&gt;nervaduras&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ribs&lt;/em&gt;) in a building. This is: the framework on which the building is based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Putting all together, when the writer promises to &lt;em&gt;hazer muy bien aparejadas y ennervadas&lt;/em&gt; his stories, he means that he will build them on a good foundation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T10:56:16.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6958" CreationDate="2014-06-13T11:05:05.670" Score="2" ViewCount="4132" Body="&lt;p&gt;While listening to a podcast from SpanishPod recently, I came across this section where they were discussing the Spanish for various computer-related terms and one of the hosts gave &lt;strong&gt;liga&lt;/strong&gt; as the Spanish for &lt;strong&gt;link&lt;/strong&gt;, the stuff that when clicked leads to a different web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elsewhere, I have also heard two other words for the same term: &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt;. Do all three really mean the exact same thing? I want to know if there's any, just any, difference among the three whatsoever. Any subtle difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if they are all really the same thing, which is the preferred word in which region? Which of the three is preferred in Mexico? What about other parts of the world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T21:01:31.657" Title="Spanish for &quot;link&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6948" CreationDate="2014-06-13T11:46:34.460" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original meaning of &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt;, IIUIC, is &lt;em&gt;each of the rings of a chain&lt;/em&gt;. That is Spanish is &lt;em&gt;eslabón&lt;/em&gt;. (cf. &lt;em&gt;The missing link&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;El eslabón perdido&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in English, &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt; is also used to mean &lt;em&gt;conection&lt;/em&gt; or even &lt;em&gt;relation&lt;/em&gt;. That in Spanish would be &lt;em&gt;conexión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;relación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Internet, &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt; is actually a short form of the original &lt;em&gt;hyperlink&lt;/em&gt; (remember that HTTP stands for &lt;em&gt;HyperText Transfer Protocol&lt;/em&gt;). That was usually translated as &lt;em&gt;hiper-enlace&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hiper-vínculo&lt;/em&gt; (with our without dashes). Then, when the English form shortened to &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt; the Spanish one did the same to &lt;em&gt;vínculo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a new meaning for an old word, I don't think that neither &lt;em&gt;vínculo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt; are better than the other. Personally, I prefer &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt;. It just sounds better to me (I'm from Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, about the other word you comment, &lt;em&gt;liga&lt;/em&gt;, I think it is used solely because it sounds similar to the English one, so would be it better avoided. &lt;em&gt;Ligar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;tie&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;bind&lt;/em&gt;, only somewhat similar to &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="544" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T21:01:31.657" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T21:01:31.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6948" CreationDate="2014-06-13T11:52:09.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Link, in the meaning you describe, is indistinctly translated in Spain and Mexico as &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;There are no nuances when using one or the other, so probably is a matter of habitude in using one or the other.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example, Microsoft uses &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; exclusively for their software localized in Spanish from Spain (es_es), and &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt;, depending of the package, when in Spanish from Mexico (es_mx). However, &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt; is as widely used as &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/Language/en-US/Search.aspx?sString=link&amp;amp;langID=es-es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T11:52:09.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6948" CreationDate="2014-06-13T12:25:27.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Chile, we say &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vínculo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T12:25:27.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7068" CreationDate="2014-06-13T15:14:48.003" Score="4" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've looked in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española dictionary&lt;/a&gt; and I can't find any information regarding why Spanish uses the preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; for cooking styles, and I've noticed French and Italian do it too. I know that the languages use the word, but I don't understand how in a broad sense outside of cuisine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;fajitas a la parilla&lt;/code&gt; (Spanish) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mojo al ajo&lt;/code&gt; (Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, many other romance languages do the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;escargots à la bourguignonne&lt;/code&gt; (French)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;spaghetti alla carbonara&lt;/code&gt; (Italian)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what sense is the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; being used here? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="499" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T16:04:16.860" Title="Why does Spanish use the preposition &quot;a&quot; for culinary styles?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6957" CreationDate="2014-06-13T16:00:27.113" Score="1" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I try to translate this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan send his daughter to his mother&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan envía a su hija a su madre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering the following facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;su hija&lt;/code&gt; is a personal direct object (DO)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;personal DO should have &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; before it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;su madre&lt;/code&gt; is an IO, hence &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; comes after it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, don't think my Spanish translation is right. Moreover, the sentence is ambiguous on which is DO or IO. What is the right translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4130" LastEditorUserId="4130" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T16:08:00.150" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T17:09:44.667" Title="How to deal with personal direct object and indirect object?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6953" CreationDate="2014-06-13T16:29:49.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; in these examples is used to talk about a style or way to do/prepare some food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a is also used to express the way to do other things. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;correr a lo loco&lt;/code&gt; means a crazy way to run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;vivir a lo grande&lt;/code&gt; means a good way to live&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;llover a cantaros&lt;/code&gt; is an expresion used when rains a lot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4141" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T16:29:49.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6953" CreationDate="2014-06-13T16:31:55.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; means here either &quot;cooked using&quot;, &quot;cooked with&quot; or &quot;cooked a specific way&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a la parilla&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; cooked using a grill&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;al ajo&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; cooked with garlic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;à la bourguignonne&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; cooked the burgundian way&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;alla carbonara&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; cooked the charcoal-burners way&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This usage is not specific to the cuisine domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean either &quot;with&quot; or &quot;a la manera de&quot;, &quot;a la moda de&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an excerpt of the &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; entry in the RAE dictionnary matching both of these meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;15. prep. &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt;. Quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;21. prep. &lt;strong&gt;según&lt;/strong&gt;. A fuero de Aragón. A lo que parece. A la moda.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T20:30:51.213" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T20:30:51.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6954" CreationDate="2014-06-13T17:09:44.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; before the DO is not mandatory, so you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan envía su hija a su madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE's &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, under its entry &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1. &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; + complemento directo.&lt;/a&gt; lists a detailed set of rules to establish when a DO must (uso forzoso), may (doble uso), or can't (no se usa) be preceded by &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. In this case it says that the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; before &lt;code&gt;su hija&lt;/code&gt; can be omitted to remove the ambiguity: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d) Cuando el complemento directo de persona precedido de preposición coincide en la oración con otro complemento que también la lleva (por ejemplo, un complemento indirecto), puede omitirse la que antecede al complemento directo, para evitar confusiones: &lt;em&gt;Presentó (A) SU NOVIO a sus padres&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si el complemento directo es un nombre propio, es forzoso el uso de la preposición: &lt;em&gt;Presentó A JUAN a sus padres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T17:09:44.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6948" CreationDate="2014-06-13T18:17:36.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México we can use &lt;strong&gt;vínculo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt; but it is more common to use &lt;strong&gt;liga&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The later is used in a day to day conversation, vínculo and enlace are more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way... &lt;strong&gt;ligar&lt;/strong&gt; as a verb is used here when referring to &lt;em&gt;flirting&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; ¿Cuál es la liga para comprar esa bolsa en ebay?&#xA;&#xA; Pásame la liga para entrar a tu sitio.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T18:17:36.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6948" CreationDate="2014-06-13T18:55:48.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The three words are exatly the same, but &lt;b&gt;enlace&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;vínculo&lt;/b&gt; are for the formal speech and text while &lt;b&gt;liga&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;link&lt;/b&gt; are the &quot;informal&quot; ones but ther's no problem for using both words in formal talking. Personally I've never said &lt;b&gt;liga&lt;/b&gt;, me and my environment use &lt;b&gt;link&lt;/b&gt;. I'm from México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That's the link.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el enlace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el vínculo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa es la liga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el link.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T18:55:48.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6953" CreationDate="2014-06-13T19:10:55.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means a way of doing something. As a style. Imagine that you have a friend, Charles, he once made something very crazy, so now in your friends language you say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I going to do that in Charles style. [Or some prase with that meaning]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have various translations but the one that we want is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo voy a hacer &lt;strong&gt;a la&lt;/strong&gt; Charles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T19:10:55.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5180" CreationDate="2014-06-13T19:55:56.343" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agrego las conjugaciones del Voseo (Hablar de Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Centroamérica (desde Chiapas México hasta partes Colombia) y pequeñas zonas en otros países hispanohablantes. Si la conjugación viene después de la diagonal es exclusivo de centroamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Modo indicativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-ás&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-abas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-aste&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;has cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;habías cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubiste cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-arás&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;habrás cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-arías&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;habrías cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Modo subjuntivo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-es/cant-és&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-aras o cant-ases&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-ares&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hayas cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubieras o hubieses cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubieres cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Imperativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Positivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cant-á&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Imperativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Negativo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;no cant-es/no cant-és&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Indicativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hubiste cantado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T19:55:56.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-06-13T20:42:37.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are very good explanations up there but I want to give you some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exactamente -&amp;gt; Esactamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excepto -&amp;gt; Esepto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cohete -&amp;gt; Cuete (Intresting word because NO ONE says cohete but cuete,&#xA;when speaking of fireworks unless you're the media, but EVERYONE, almost, writes COHETE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are words with H because they were written with F. The F became an English H but eventually disapeared as well but there are some places where this H has still a sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moho -&amp;gt; Mojo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retahíla -&amp;gt; Retajíla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hediondo -&amp;gt; Jediondo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hijo -&amp;gt; Jijo (This is very accepted in Mexico but only in this phrase:&#xA;&amp;quot;Jijo de la chingada&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Yucatan peninsula they have lots of Mayan words with X and are pronounced as SH:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uxmal -&amp;gt; Ushmal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xel-Ha -&amp;gt; Shel-Ha (English H)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or Nahuatl words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xola -&amp;gt; Shola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xochimilco -&amp;gt; Sochimilco (no SH)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xochitl -&amp;gt; Sochilt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or antique spellings that changed the prononciation but not the writing,&#xA;persons or places names mostly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México -&amp;gt; Méjico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xalapa -&amp;gt; Jalapa (both coexist)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xavier -&amp;gt; Javier (both coexist)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ximena -&amp;gt; Jimena (both coexist)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oaxaca -&amp;gt; Oajaca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Texas -&amp;gt; Tejas (yes, the American Texas, in the Spanish-speaking world&#xA;is pronounced Tejas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or very cult words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mnemotecnia -&amp;gt; Nemotecnia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Psicología -&amp;gt; Sicología&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words from other languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsunami -&amp;gt; Sunami&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it depends mostly on the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-08-11T11:47:55.113" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T11:47:55.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5804" CreationDate="2014-06-13T20:57:15.907" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from México and we use both but &quot;El día de los muertos&quot; sounds too poetic to me, and &quot;El día de muertos&quot; is the normal way. But it's almost the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-18T02:26:16.853" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T02:26:16.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5769" CreationDate="2014-06-13T21:06:11.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from México and &quot;gato&quot; and &quot;gata&quot; in reference to a person is very desrespectful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No soy tu gato. I am not your servant, worker, maid or something like that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gato&quot; y &quot;gata&quot; is used to talk about poor people. And &quot;Gata&quot; and &quot;Gatita&quot; are used as whore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In argentina is the same meaning for memenine and masculine form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T20:42:33.687" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T20:42:33.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6969" CreationDate="2014-06-13T21:20:37.917" Score="1" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just discussing this with a co-worker of mine. He wanted to use the word &quot;totales&quot; and I didn't think that was correct, so I immediately went to RAE to check but RAE didn't mention anything about it. Doing various searches we came up with very few uses of &quot;totales&quot; so he decided not to go with it, but is it really wrong to use that? It's for the sum of the rows in a table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2020" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T06:14:41.450" Title="Total vs. Totales" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5725" CreationDate="2014-06-13T21:20:46.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I have other translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya está cerrado por hoy.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El banco ya ha sido cerrado por el día.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las escuelas cerrarán pronto por el fin de semana.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las escuelas se cerrarán pronto por el fin de semana.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T21:20:46.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6972" CreationDate="2014-06-13T22:04:11.337" Score="-6" ViewCount="5344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a very good friend  (of Mexican heritage*) named Oscar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once in a while you come across a &quot;white&quot; Oscar (and there are many &quot;Oskars&quot; in Germany, I think), but it seems most common among Spanish speakers. Considering the fact that a very negative word (asqueroso) sounds similar, why would that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a similar thing in English, it's true (the word &quot;terrible&quot; and the name &quot;Terry&quot;); is it just a case like that - nobody thinks of &quot;asqueroso&quot; when they hear the name Oscar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but even his family calls him a coconut.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2020-10-11T13:36:19.343" Title="Why is Oscar a common Spanish name?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" ClosedDate="2014-08-14T20:47:55.360" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6967" CreationDate="2014-06-14T01:17:02.857" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Óscar doesn't sound like 'asqueroso' at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T01:17:02.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6965" CreationDate="2014-06-14T01:20:05.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Total:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El total de personas afectadas por la lluvia llega a 250.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Totales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los totales de las encuestas se sumaron y dieron como resultado un 40% de personas que prefiere una tablet a un portátil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total: singular.&#xA;Totales: plural (more than a &lt;em&gt;total&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T01:20:05.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6975" CreationDate="2014-06-14T03:55:12.487" Score="3" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;DELE is a Spanish language proficiency level certification offered by Spain. Is there any equivalent certification offered by Mexico? For example, in English there's the IELTS for British English and TOEFL for American English. Similarly DELE is for Spain's Spanish; what is the equivalent for Mexican Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2020-11-11T14:31:15.203" Title="Mexican Equivalent of DELE" Tags="&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-14T06:10:36.397" Score="0" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understand/clarify how to express inference/guess on an event that happened in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;Who built Stonehenge (and why)?&quot; in Spanish seems to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quien construirían Stonehenge?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quien habrán construido Stonehenge?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these correct? &#xA;Providing they are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the difference in using conditional and future perfect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there other ways to express the same?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&#xA;M&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Updated question based on the feedback)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose we were at the time when Schliemann had not found Troy (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy&lt;/a&gt;) yet, and wonder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We do not know the Trojan war was true, but if it was, where was Troy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to write/say it in Spanish? Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No conocemos que la guerra de Troya sea (o será?) la realidad. Pero si fuera (o es?), donde  estaría (o habrá estado) Troy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Subjuntivo or Futuro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Indicativo is to describe a fact/what actually happened. Back then, 'if Trojan war was true' was not verified. So I suppose Subjuntivo or Futuro is to use, but not sure of the difference. Could someone explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Future Perfect or Conditional or Subjuntivo Imperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not knowing if it did exist, asking &quot;Where was Troy&quot; is presenting a hypothetical question about the past. In such a case, which one is to use? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conditional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Future perfect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subjuntivo imperfecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conditional looks natural to me to associate with 'si'. I think Future Perfect can be used as it (in my understanding) is about 'possibility in the past'. Also as it is a 'supposition about the past', Subjutivo Imperfect may be OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone explain which one is to use or what is the indication by each tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance,&#xA;M&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="2354" LastEditDate="2014-06-15T02:51:35.190" LastActivityDate="2014-06-15T02:51:35.190" Title="Inference/guess about an event in the past" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6967" CreationDate="2014-06-14T08:49:01.203" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vowels in Spanish have a very distinct sound, maybe because there are only 5 of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for two words to sound similar they should have more or less the same vowels, particularly the tonic one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;em&gt;jade&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;jode&lt;/em&gt;, just one vowel of difference, but you cannot even make a play on words!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same with &lt;em&gt;Óscar/asco&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; can be played around but the &lt;em&gt;o/a&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a/o&lt;/em&gt; cannot. If you call him &lt;em&gt;Oscaroso&lt;/em&gt;, I'm afraid you'll have to explain the joke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion: a Spanish listener will never think of this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T08:49:01.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-06-14T14:50:24.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original spanish pronunciation of &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; is a palatalized &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt; (full tongue against the palate). This sound diverged through time and different areas.&#xA;In México you mean hear it as the &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; in yellow or like &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; in jello, whereas in most of Argentina and Uruguay you will hear it as &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/code&gt; in show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry much about the pronunciation. In general, spanish words are longer than say, English, and a difference in pronunciation of this particular sound will rarely cause confusion as long as you don't pronounce it as plain &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can pronounce &lt;code&gt;joo-via&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;yoo-via&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;shoo-via&lt;/code&gt;, or even &lt;code&gt;choo-via&lt;/code&gt;, and people will still understand you're talking about the rain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you refer to a stretcher buy saying &lt;code&gt;cah-mee-lah&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;cah-mee-(j/y/sh)ah&lt;/code&gt;, though, people will think you're talking about some woman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T18:25:53.017" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:25:53.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6971" CreationDate="2014-06-14T15:30:41.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question &quot;Who built Stonehenge?&quot; refers to something that is fixed in the past. If we stick to that fact, in spanish the same question would be &quot;¿Quién construyó Stonehenge?&quot; (singular) or &quot;¿Quiénes construyeron Stonehenge?&quot; (plural). Simple past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if you're debating about alternative outcomes of events that would have caused Stonehenge to not being built or built by someone else, then you'd phrase the question differently in English, and also in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;If aliens would had scorched the place where Stonehenge is now, would they had still built it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Si alienígenas hubiesen quemado el lugar donde está Stonehenge hoy, igual lo hubiesen construido?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question &quot;&lt;s&gt;Quien&lt;/s&gt;¿Quiénes construirían Stonehenge?&quot; would translate to English as &quot;Who would build Stonehenge?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;s&gt;Quien&lt;/s&gt;¿Quiénes habrán construido Stonehenge?&quot; is a conditional question in where you wonder who had managed to built it. knowing that Stonehenge is there, this question is equivalent to &quot;¿Quiénes construyeron Stonehenge?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you're talking about something that you don't know if it happened or not, then you definitely have to use the future perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;IPhones are expensive. Who would have bought one?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los IPhones son caros. ¿Quién habrá comprado uno?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my interpretation as a native speaker but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; as a linguist, so I would suggest you wait for a linguist to complement or discard this answer with a more formal explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T15:30:41.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6970" CreationDate="2014-06-14T17:22:15.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;DELE is offered by Instituto Cervantes which is the founder of SICELE together with many universities from America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/sicele.org/sicele/miembros-de-sicele/miembros-fundadores&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/sicele.org/sicele/miembros-de-sicele/miembros-fundadores&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/sicele.org/sicele/asociaciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/sicele.org/sicele/asociaciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am quite sure that DELE is not restricted to just Spaniards; many Mexican universities are on the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way in Nueva Delhi, Pune, Ahmedabad, Kolkata and Chennai there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://diplomas.cervantes.es/informacion/centros_examen_espanol.html?cod_pais=356&amp;amp;cod_ciudad=0&amp;amp;cod_centro=0&amp;amp;cod_convocatoria=0&amp;amp;cod_nivel=0&amp;amp;citrix_ns_id__cervantes_es_%2F_wat=TlNDX3d0X2R3ZF9f%3FBRRCfDRrXagsmh7zldlCvCRxlfwA%26&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;schools&lt;/a&gt; that offer DELE exams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Offtopic:&lt;/em&gt; I see that you tend to ask many questions related to the differences between the Spanish spoken in Mexico and the Spanish spoken in other countries. It is true that a teacher should know these differences, but as a student I recommend you learn just one, and when you become good at it, you should have no problems figuring out meanings in other countries. In my opinion, Spanish is more elaborated grammatically and orthographically than English, once this base has been learned the rest is phonetic. Imagine if I had to learn all English accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-11-11T14:31:15.203" LastActivityDate="2020-11-11T14:31:15.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6976" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6983" CreationDate="2014-06-14T20:34:34.917" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I say (in Mexican Spanish) that I did &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; say X, where X is information (rather than a command), does X take the subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding this question, Benjamin &amp;amp; Butt (5th ed.) seem to contradict themselves in section 16.7 with these two examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no he dicho que seas histérica.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I never said you were a hysteric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he dicho que venía.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I didn't say that I was coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4146" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T21:40:41.517" Title="Does denied reported speech take the subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6965" CreationDate="2014-06-15T08:53:03.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a single column in a table, its sum is a single number: &quot;total&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For multiple columns, a row of per-column sums involves multiple numbers: &quot;totales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastActivityDate="2014-06-15T08:53:03.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-06-15T09:24:23.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish may be one of most &quot;phonetic&quot; languages but if you look carefully, all words which are &quot;spoken differently than the way they are spelled&quot; just follow the Spanish set of rules of prounciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One-to-one letter to sound match rule is constantly broken and this makes a set of rules by itself. Think 'h', 'g', 'gu', 'qu', 'ch' et cetera. But once the rules are defined, I only know the &quot;México -&gt; Méjico&quot; case of exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2475" LastActivityDate="2014-06-15T09:24:23.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2664" CreationDate="2014-06-15T19:28:29.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use the indicative mood, you do not always express certainty:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iré si él va.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      I'll go if he goes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't remember when she will arrive.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      No recuerdo cuándo ella llegará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, the subjunctive mood does not always express uncertainty:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siento que estés enfermo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      I lament that you are ill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me acostaré cuando se ponga el sol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      I'll go to bed when the sun sets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Butt and Benjamin (section 16.2.7 below) fervently state that a 5 second, meaningful description of the uses of the subjunctive does not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.mx/books?id=YZq0AAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA244&amp;amp;lpg=PA244&amp;amp;dq=%22The+subjunctive+does+not+always+indicate+doubt+or+uncertainty%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Fmm7oQqNwv&amp;amp;sig=UuGdm2BUaJbiNl-yZxFe4DjESis&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=SvCdU4j3JK_O8QG004HgDg&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22The%20subjunctive%20does%20not%20always%20indicate%20doubt%20or%20uncertainty%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://books.google.com.mx/books?id=YZq0AAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA244&amp;amp;lpg=PA244&amp;amp;dq=%22The+subjunctive+does+not+always+indicate+doubt+or+uncertainty%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Fmm7oQqNwv&amp;amp;sig=UuGdm2BUaJbiNl-yZxFe4DjESis&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=SvCdU4j3JK_O8QG004HgDg&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22The%20subjunctive%20does%20not%20always%20indicate%20doubt%20or%20uncertainty%22&amp;amp;f=false&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't consider this brief answer to be the last word in The Great Subjunctive Debate.  But it is part of the truth, if not the whole truth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4146" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T10:13:46.507" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T10:13:46.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-06-15T20:11:50.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many (most?) people from at least the Madrid area pronounce a final 'd' as a 'z'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Madrid --&amp;gt; Madriz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usted --&amp;gt; Ustez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfermedad --&amp;gt; Enfermedaz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-15T20:11:50.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5798" CreationDate="2014-06-15T22:53:06.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nomenclatures differ, but, generally: The passive &lt;em&gt;voice&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;ser&quot; + participle.  The the passive &lt;em&gt;meaning&lt;/em&gt; is obtained using the passive voice, the passive &quot;se&quot;, the passive third-person plural, the passive &quot;tú&quot;, and by shifting the object to the head of the sentence.  But to avoid writing a book, I'll stick with &quot;ser&quot; + participle and &quot;estar&quot; + participle.  Generally, &quot;ser&quot; + participle describes an action, while &quot;estar&quot; + participle describes the state that results from the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La casa es vendida a menudo.&#xA;The house is sold a lot.  [habitual action]&#xA;&#xA;La casa fue vendida el mes pasado.&#xA;The house was sold last month.  [past action]&#xA;&#xA;¡La casa por fin está vendida!&#xA;The house is finally sold!  [It was on the market for months.]&#xA;&#xA;La casa estuvo vendida.&#xA;[This case is a bit odd and I'll pass over it.]&#xA;&#xA;La casa estaba vendida.&#xA;The house was sold.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the last example, I walked by the house yesterday and the &quot;FOR SALE&quot; sign had a &quot;SOLD!&quot; banner taped to it, indicating the new state of the house.  I have no idea when the sale happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice, by the way, that there is no &quot;estar&quot; passive meaning.  In the&#xA;above examples, &quot;estar&quot; functions in its usual way, and &quot;vendida&quot;&#xA;functions purely as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4146" LastEditorUserId="4146" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T02:31:53.117" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T02:31:53.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6976" CreationDate="2014-06-16T11:56:33.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can take the subjunctive in the past form...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no he dicho que fueras histérica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, your sentence sounds like this in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not said that you be hysterical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive in the sense that, the correct way to say this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not said that you should be hysterical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just because you are using a negative in the sentence does not mean you need subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, your sentence is not subjunctive..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you negate X, then you can used the &lt;strong&gt;imperative&lt;/strong&gt; (not subjunctive mood)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo he dicho que no seas histérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have said for you not to be hysterical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T17:53:14.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7018" CreationDate="2014-06-16T13:25:47.107" Score="2" ViewCount="1424" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a list of stem-changing verbs present in Spanish grammar books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;e -&amp;gt; ie: cerrar, comenzar, empezar, negar, quebrar&#xA;o -&amp;gt; ue: acordarse, acostarse, contar, constar, mostrar&#xA;u -&amp;gt; ue: jugar&#xA;e -&amp;gt; i:  corregir, despedir, elegir, medir&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conjugation examples can be found online e.g.: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/stemchanging.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/stemchanging.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;e -&amp;gt; ie: cerrar&#xA;&#xA;c[ie]rro    cerramos&#xA;c[ie]rras   cerráis&#xA;c[ie]rra    c[ie]rran&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found another stem-changing conjugation, which is not present in grammar books as a category:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;i -&amp;gt; ie: adquirir&#xA;&#xA;adqu[ie]ro   adquiremos&#xA;adqu[ie]res  adquiréis&#xA;adqu[ie]re   adqu[ie]ren&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why it is not referred in grammar books as a stem-changing category?&#xA;Is this an exception?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2191" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-11-17T19:21:25.640" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T19:21:25.640" Title="adquirir: Is there another stem-changing verb group? i -&gt; ie" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6976" CreationDate="2014-06-16T21:40:41.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I confess that the examples from Butt &amp;amp; Benjamin are somewhat&#xA;confusing.  Sorry about that.  Anyway, I asked my native Mexican&#xA;Spanish teacher the following question today in class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Insistí en que eras un &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; buen estudiante.  No insistí en&#xA;     que eras/fueras un &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; buen estudiante.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te dije que eras un &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; buen estudiante.  No te dije que&#xA;     eras/fueras un &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; buen estudiante.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Deberia usar &quot;eras&quot; o &quot;fueras&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His answer was a definite &quot;eras&quot;.  Based on this, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No dije que X&quot; takes the same mode as &quot;Dije que X&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No insistí en que X&quot; takes the same mode as &quot;Insistí en que X&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And, of course, this mode can be either indicative or subjunctive,&#xA;depending on whether X is declared or commanded.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4146" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T21:40:41.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6986" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6989" CreationDate="2014-06-17T09:02:35.090" Score="2" ViewCount="1546" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Back in the day wheat used to be 100 dollars a ton.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &quot;back in the day&quot; is just another way of saying something like &quot;once upon a time&quot; or &quot;back then&quot; or &quot;there was a time when&quot;. What would be the most natural to say it in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Off the Internet, I have noted the following alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En aquel entonces el trigo valía cien dólares por tonelada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ese entonces el trigo valía cien dólares por tonelada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por antaño el trigo valía cien dólares por tonelada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En tiempos pasados el trigo valía cien dólares por tonelada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the above is the most likely one to be used by a native (Mexican, in particular) speaker? Or, is there yet another translation which is more intuitive/colloquial than the above three?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5584" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T13:57:51.953" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:01:27.390" Title="Translate &quot;back in the day&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6986" CreationDate="2014-06-17T10:10:24.020" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe, in Spanish you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace tiempo el trigo valía cien dólares por tonelada&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Tiempo atrás, el trigo valía cien dólares la tonelada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;back in the day&quot; could be translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace tiempo [better]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo atrás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2495" LastEditorUserId="2495" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T11:10:22.370" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T11:10:22.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6988" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-17T11:56:52.547" Score="3" ViewCount="1810" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;His business acquired several computers over the last two years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to translate the phrase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;over the last two years&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in the above sentence? My best attempt would be &lt;strong&gt;el los últimos dos años&lt;/strong&gt;, but I am certain there's a better translation a native speaker would use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T13:31:47.097" Title="&quot;Over the last x years&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6986" CreationDate="2014-06-17T12:02:03.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't the &lt;em&gt;exact&lt;/em&gt; translation, but a good equivalent could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Érase una vez ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's usually used in the beginning of a fairy tale though, which is why most people will probably downvote this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to get literal in your translation, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante los antiguos tiempos ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is more equivalent to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the old days&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &lt;code&gt;Back in the day&lt;/code&gt; suggests something with an indefinite duration and a &lt;em&gt;slightly&lt;/em&gt; defined termination point.  Like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the day we used to play volleyball`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the day cell phones didn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the day our dogs walked themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the same as saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past, our dogs walked themselves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translation would use the imperfect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el pasado nuestros perros se paseaban a sí mismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:01:27.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6988" CreationDate="2014-06-17T12:07:45.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante los dos años pasados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which really translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;During the past two years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I believe that it's the closest you're going to get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T13:31:47.097" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T13:31:47.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6988" CreationDate="2014-06-17T12:14:08.583" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are looking for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;durante los últimos X años&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a lo largo de los últimos X años&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en los últimos X años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su negocio adquirió varios ordenadores durante los últimos dos años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T12:14:08.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6986" CreationDate="2014-06-17T12:42:18.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say &lt;em&gt;antiguamente&lt;/em&gt; too. I don't know which translation is more likely to be used by a Mexican, because I'm Chilean...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antiguamente, el trigo valía 100 dólares la tonelada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T12:42:18.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6996" CreationDate="2014-06-17T13:43:40.310" Score="2" ViewCount="7058" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one say &quot;no matter what&quot; in Spanish? In English it would be akin to saying &quot;at any cost&quot; or &quot;come what may&quot;. I saw &lt;strong&gt;pase lo que pase&lt;/strong&gt; somewhere. Is it accurate? Or is there a better way to say it in regular conversations without sounding bookish? If there are regional variations, I would love to know what the Mexicans use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to translate the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No matter what, don't miss the meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the following correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pase lo que pase, no vayas a faltar a la junta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T15:42:13.003" Title="&quot;No matter what&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6995" CreationDate="2014-06-17T13:54:35.400" Score="1" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried translating &quot;throughout the interview&quot; into Spanish and Google returned three translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A lo largo de la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A lo largo la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Largo la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo largo la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Largo de la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference? Which one of the above would be the most natural way to convey the meaning in regular conversations and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T14:41:25.317" Title="Throughout in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6994" CreationDate="2014-06-17T14:21:18.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only the first is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A lo largo de&lt;/strong&gt; la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Durante&lt;/strong&gt; la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4159" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T14:41:25.317" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T14:41:25.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6993" CreationDate="2014-06-17T15:11:02.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Chile, &lt;em&gt;no matter what&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;pase lo que pase&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;suceda lo que suceda&lt;/em&gt; (this one less common). I don't know what do Mexicans prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@itziki is right, but both options are OK:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pase lo que pase, no vayas a faltar a la junta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pase lo que pase, no faltes a la junta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one sounds prettier, though ^_^&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T15:11:02.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6999" CreationDate="2014-06-17T15:50:41.100" Score="4" ViewCount="3079" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &lt;em&gt;chupa de boda&lt;/em&gt; mean in context of Rafael Pombo El renacuajo paseador poem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hijo de rana, Rinrín renacuajo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salió esta mañana muy tieso y muy majo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con pantalón corto, corbata a la moda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sombrero encintado y &lt;em&gt;chupa de boda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4162" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T21:58:36.810" Title="What does “chupa de boda” mean?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6997" CreationDate="2014-06-17T16:37:15.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viewing &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ag99TX8dQk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this English translation&lt;/a&gt; on YouTube it sounds as if it means wedding jacket. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, looking it up in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=TKAFVtcEEDXX21GNJRC5|aS3aV8e6QDXX23JR48Qj|LdsNukF1DDXX2ik8tOYS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; we see that it also means: Chaqueta, chaquetilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4163" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T16:44:55.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6997" CreationDate="2014-06-17T16:43:42.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chupa&lt;/em&gt; is a familiar term (slang?) for jacket, particularly a leather jacket. It may also mean an old jacket-like garment (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.tfd.com/chupa&quot;&gt;see here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De boda&lt;/em&gt; is simply &lt;em&gt;wedding&lt;/em&gt;. It may be literal: a jacket to go to a wedding; or figurative: a very smart jacket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T16:43:42.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:58:38.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Uruguay se dice &lt;code&gt;cargar&lt;/code&gt;, o cargarse a alguien, también &lt;code&gt;ligar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;levantar&lt;/code&gt;, salir de ligue, de levante. No se usa para nada &lt;code&gt;flirtear&lt;/code&gt;, que es la palabra que me ocupa en este momento. Se entiende y se usa también coquetear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4167" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-30T00:01:10.583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T00:01:10.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6993" CreationDate="2014-06-18T06:06:16.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be better to know a little bit more about the English phrase you want to translate.  &quot;Pase lo que pase&quot; translates to &quot;no matter what (and an implied &lt;strong&gt;happens&lt;/strong&gt;)&quot;.  But the translation is dependent on the verb and the interrogative word (5 W's &amp;amp; H).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;who says it&lt;/strong&gt; = Lo diga quien lo diga...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;what you believe&lt;/strong&gt; = Creas lo que creas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;where they go&lt;/strong&gt; = Vayan donde vayan...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;when he goes&lt;/strong&gt; = Vaya cuando vaya...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;why he runs&lt;/strong&gt; = Corra por lo que corra...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;strong&gt;how she washes herself&lt;/strong&gt; = Se lavara como se lavara...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where(donde), when(cuando) and how(como) in Spanish generally translate &quot;no matter &lt;strong&gt;interrogative + verb&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;conditional verb + interrogative + conditional verb&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who (quien), what(que) and why(por que) being exceptions that throw a &quot;lo&quot; in the mix with a rule that I don't really understand (read: just because).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned Castillian Spanish (Spain) but I'd be willing to bet this goes all the way across the board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4169" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T06:06:16.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2014-06-18T11:14:04.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Mexico, and we always say &lt;em&gt;caballito&lt;/em&gt; to refer both to the glass itself and the amount of drink. I've never heard &lt;em&gt;shot&lt;/em&gt; used in Spanish, but then I'd only know about Mexico...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4170" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T11:14:04.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-18T11:17:08.533" Score="2" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I live in Mexico and yesterday I phoned Romania's Embassy asking for information on whether they can sell me books in Romanian (exceedingly rare here!) and how to study the university over there (I'm 17 and will finish high school in a couple months, but we're moving away and I need the info within two weeks), get a scholarship, etc. Now that I got over my natural shyness and spoke to them in my (terrible) Romanian, they were not rude like other times when they would even hang up on me. They still claimed not to know anything and that I should write an e-mail (which I have done and have received no reply) asking for a personal appointment with...TA-DAAAAA!!!...the Ambassador herself, Her Excellency (I think!?!?) doamna Ana Voicu. I wrote the e-mail in Spanish, using the most formal and polite language I've ever used, telling her that it's my dream to study in her country and that I would like the info because we're moving away, and requesting the appointment; I then sent it to her secretaries' e-mail address which is the Embassy's official address, but it was addressed directly to her.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do you think she will give me the appointment within the week, as the guy to whom I spoke told me? (I've learned through bitter experience that people don't always mean what they say!) How should I be dressed, speak, refer to her, etc.? (We will likely be speaking in Spanish.) I have a blue streak in my hair (no piercings or anything), should I hide it? Should I make an attempt to speak to her in my awful Romanian so she sees that this matters to me and that I'm working hard toward my goal? How should I word my request? It seems to me that speaking to her directly is unnecessary; she must be very busy (she's Romania's ambassador not only to Mexico but to practically &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; of Central America!) so surely her staff should know how and where I can get Romanian books, a scholarship, etc., but what can I do if none of them will tell me? And how should I refer to her--Your Excellency, or...?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My Romanian is awful (I've been studying online, unable to attend classes, for over a year; but I can understand it far more than I can speak it!), but since her staff completely changed their rude attitude (which they adopted when I spoke Spanish or English, with no provocation, I might add, since I was always very polite and friendly) when I made an attempt to speak to them in Romanian, perhaps she might also appreciate it...?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;Please help! If she says yes, Mrs. Voicu will be the &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; really important person I've ever spoken to...Please help!&lt;br&gt;Creo que mi duda se puede resumir en: ¿cómo le hablo a la Embajadora Plenipotenciaria de Rumania a todos los países de Centroamérica? &#xA;¡Gracias!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;P.D. Mi lengua materna es el español latino, pero hablo el inglés como nativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4170" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T06:43:00.850" Title="How to refer to an Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary in speech?/¿Cómo referirme a una Embajadora Plenipotenciaria al hablarle?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7003" CreationDate="2014-06-18T12:37:42.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tratamiento correcto para &lt;strong&gt;dirigirse&lt;/strong&gt; a un embajador es &lt;strong&gt;Sr. Embajador&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Sra. Embajadora&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En situaciones más formales que una audiencia personal (presentación de cartas credenciales, firma de tratados, etc.) se puede utilizar un tratamiento formal equivalente al de Ministro (al menos en España un embajador tiene el rango de Ministro Plenipotenciario de 1ª, 2ª o 3ª clase), es decir, &lt;strong&gt;Su Excelencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca, jamás tratar de tú/vos, a menos que te lo pida expresamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, para &lt;strong&gt;referirse&lt;/strong&gt; al embajador, se puede hablar de &lt;strong&gt;El Sr. Embajador&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;La Sra. Embajadora&lt;/strong&gt; en el tono menos formal, &lt;strong&gt;Su Excelencia el Embajador&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Su Excelencia la Embajadora&lt;/strong&gt;, en un tono intermedio, y &lt;strong&gt;El Excelentísimo Sr. Embajador &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;apellido&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;El Excelentísimo Sr. &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;apellido&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, Embajador de &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;país&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (y las correspondientes formas en femenino), en el escalón más formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siguiente ya no es parte de lo que corresponde en Spanish.SE.C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de tu imagen personal, simplemente que sea cuidada, pero en cualquier caso sé tú mismo/tú misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca del idioma, te recomendaría que saludaras y te presentaras en su idioma, como muestra de cortesía, y llevaras el resto de la conversación en un idioma que convenga a ambos, que viene a ser el español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T07:39:54.780" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T07:39:54.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7003" CreationDate="2014-06-18T15:23:38.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una vez, en una situación similar, me indicaron que debía dirigirme por escrito al embajador de España en Austria y quien me lo indicó (era personal de la embajada) especificó que la fórmula correcta para el tratamiento era &lt;strong&gt;Excelentísimo Señor Embajador, Representante Permanente&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la manera con la que un ciudadano español se dirige a un embajador de su propio país. Seguramente haya otra fórmula para la embajadora de Rumanía, y posíblemente les de un poco igual la manera como les escriba un ciudadano del país ante el que representa al suyo siempre y cuando sea un tratamiento correcto y respetuoso en el idioma local.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T15:23:38.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6930" CreationDate="2014-06-19T05:19:59.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I checked your table, and what I can find is BOTH, Google and Bing are giving you unnatural (and some times wrong) translations most of the time. However Google's translations seem to be much more accurate than Bing's ones. I speak spanish from Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4172" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T05:19:59.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7008" CreationDate="2014-06-19T10:24:02.030" Score="6" ViewCount="24580" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say &quot;what the hell&quot;, &quot;what the f***&quot;, or &quot;what the heck&quot; in Spanish and have come across the following translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué mierda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué demonios!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these is the most natural translation to convey what I am trying to say? Is there yet another translation what is used more than the above two? Please mention your country so that one can understand what region your response pertains to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-18T22:33:33.717" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T22:33:33.717" Title="&quot;What the hell&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7007" CreationDate="2014-06-19T11:40:29.790" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from the north of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most usual translations here for &quot;What the hell&quot; and derivatives could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué cojones?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué cojones!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué coño?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué coño!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué mierda?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué mierda!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué puta mierda?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué puta mierda!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually the expressions starting with &quot;Pero&quot; are used as an exclamation, while the expressions without it usually conforms questions, like in &quot;¿Qué cojones está pasando?&quot;, although it's not always the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-18T22:20:29.703" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T22:20:29.703" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-19T11:52:01.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best approach here will be: Cesión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus defensores entraron a Manila para aceptar la cesión de la ciudad en pos de las fuerzas británicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A turnover in any turn based game, like chess is the fact to pass the turn to your rival, this on spanish could be translated like &quot;ceder el turno&quot; wich in a more warlike context probably will sound better just as &quot;cesión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if the use of turnover in english in this context is something usual or merely a stylish resource from the author.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T11:52:01.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7007" CreationDate="2014-06-19T20:55:32.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué chingados!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué chingados!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué mierda!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué mierda!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué pedo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué pedo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué puta madre!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Pero qué puta madre!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &quot;&lt;em&gt;chingados&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is spelled and/or pronounced as &quot;&lt;em&gt;chingaos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-18T22:21:03.110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T22:21:03.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-19T21:07:58.383" Score="3" ViewCount="2711" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente estuve con una persona que estudia español, siendo este idioma una lengua extranjera para ella. Me dijo con toda seguridad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El español de Perú y Ecuador, por ejemplo, se conservaron más fieles al español de España, que el español de otros países latinoamericanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conce algún estudio serio que soporte esta afirmación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:15:49.087" LastActivityDate="2019-06-29T22:49:21.063" Title="¿Es el español de Perú y/o Ecuador realmente más cercano al europeo?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;perú&gt;&lt;ecuador&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7007" CreationDate="2014-06-19T21:31:36.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué mierda!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Pero qué mierda!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué carajo!   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="192" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T21:31:36.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7014" CreationDate="2014-06-20T14:10:22.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé cuál se acerca más al español de España, aunque hay que considerar que dentro de la misma España hay diferencias regionales. Por ejemplo, el español de Chile (mi país), precisamente el acento de la zona central, se parece mucho al de Andalucía, debido a que muchos conquistadores que llegaron a Chile eran andaluces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T14:10:22.570" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-20T22:40:04.113" Score="5" ViewCount="55253" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias palabras que he encontrado para referirse a un animal, pero no entiendo cuándo se usa cada una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se distinguen los significados de: &lt;strong&gt;puerco, cochi y cerdo&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pido respuestas que pertenezcan al español de México, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1013" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user17393" LastEditDate="2018-09-20T13:12:50.320" LastActivityDate="2018-12-01T16:52:45.757" Title="Palabras del animal: puerco, cochi, cerdo" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6984" CreationDate="2014-06-21T05:15:57.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three main groups of stem-changing verbs, as you note, they are &lt;strong&gt;o→ue&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;e→ie&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;e→i&lt;/strong&gt;, which are technically o→ue→&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;, e→ie→&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;, and e→i→&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These came from an evolution of the pronunciation of certain Latin vowel sounds when changing from being stressed and unstressed, and the effect is called &lt;em&gt;alternancia vocálica&lt;/em&gt;.  Verbs aren't the only thing that do it, incidentally, as evidenced in numbers (s&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;te/n&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;ve but s&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;tenta/n&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;venta), superlatives (f&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;rte but f&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;rtísimo), and a handful of other words (h&lt;strong&gt;ué&lt;/strong&gt;rfano but &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;rfonato). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three special verbs (or a few more by changing prefixes) that don't quite follow the standard changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cernir&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;adquirir&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Jugar&lt;/em&gt; is unique because the &lt;em&gt;-o-&lt;/em&gt; in its infinitive became a &lt;em&gt;-u-&lt;/em&gt; over time (compare to Galician &lt;em&gt;xogar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cernir&lt;/em&gt; is unique because, though ending in &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt;, the second stem-change does not take place: &lt;em&gt;cierno&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;cernió&lt;/em&gt; (expected but wrong: &lt;em&gt;cirnió&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;cierna&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;cernamos&lt;/em&gt; (expected but wrong: &lt;em&gt;cirnamos&lt;/em&gt;).  It could be formally described as a &lt;strong&gt;e→ie→e&lt;/strong&gt; verb along with &lt;em&gt;concernir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;discernir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adquirir&lt;/em&gt;, likewise, is just an exception without much rhyme or reason to it.  If I had to take an off-the-cuff guess, it's due to influence from &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;.  It's also the only one I can think of that does an &lt;strong&gt;i→ie→i&lt;/strong&gt; change (along with &lt;em&gt;inquirir&lt;/em&gt; that has the same root).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-21T12:26:49.003" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T12:26:49.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6870" CreationDate="2014-06-21T05:24:32.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive here would be the most common choice, because it's they are doing things &lt;em&gt;such that&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;with the intended goal of&lt;/em&gt; (there is no way to know that will be the actual result of their action).  Compare to &quot;lo hicieron para que no hubiese errores&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as Helmut points out, when what comes in the subordinate clause is not the goal, but rather the result, then indicative is the correct choice.  Compare to &quot;lo hicieron de una manera paricular, así que no hay errores&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T05:24:32.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4882" CreationDate="2014-06-21T05:47:55.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question here is a little bit off, I think.  Embedded pronouns are called mesoclitics, and aren't done in (modern) Spanish, but they are in Portuguese future/conditional conjugations.  For example, instead of Spanish &lt;em&gt;nos veremos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;te lo compraré&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;os lo darán&lt;/em&gt;, you get &lt;em&gt;ver-&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comprá-to-ei&lt;/em&gt; or (!) &lt;em&gt;dá-&lt;strong&gt;vo&lt;/strong&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;-ão&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the previous posters have said, the presence or not of the subject pronoun is entirely optional, but commonly used to emphasize a contrasting situation (where you might place particular stress on it in English: &quot;he doesn't study much, but &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; do&quot;) or to clarify an otherwise ambiguous situation.  Once clarified though, you needn't continue repeating:  &quot;Yo leía libros.  También miraba películas.&quot;  In the second sentence, the subject is implied from the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-07-29T15:40:08.160" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T15:40:08.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-06-21T12:24:27.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dialectally, there's a lot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common change you'll hear is &lt;em&gt;-bue-&lt;/em&gt; being pronounced as &lt;em&gt;-güe-&lt;/em&gt;.  Quite common in a lot of rural speeches across the Spanish speaking world.  Hence [agüelo] or [güenas] for &lt;em&gt;abuelo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;buenas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In central Spain, /s/ in front of /k/ will become /j/.  This is a bit different from the conventional aspirated syllable-final /s/ you'll find in other dialects primarily because the /j/ is the much stronger [χ], and all other /s/ is pronounced exactly as /s/.  Some of the most common words/phrases: ['eχ ke] for &lt;em&gt;es que&lt;/em&gt;, ['oχkar] for &lt;em&gt;Óscar&lt;/em&gt;, or [eɾ'oχki] for Eroski (a supermarket).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other regions with influence from American languages, Spanish can end up with a three-vowel system, where /e/ and /i/ are both pronounced as [i], and /o/ and /u/ are pronounced [u].  So a word like &lt;em&gt;independiente&lt;/em&gt; will end up closer to [indipin'djinti].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, due to influence from other languages, a handful of regions may distinguish &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;, pronouncing the latter as a libio-dental (as in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Cataluña, world-final &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; is realized as [t], hence [us'tet] for &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; or [ha'blat] for &lt;em&gt;hablad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In parts of the Carribean (Puerto Rico most especially), syllable final /r/ will often be realized as /l/, and /rr/ as /j/, hence the very name of Puerto Rico becomes ['puelto 'xico].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For non-dialectal differences, one of the most common will be in situations similar to the previously mentioned cohete.  There are two strong vowels next to each other, and in these cases, if the unstressed is an /o/, it will tend to be reduced to /u/ and diphthongize with the primary vowel.  Likewise /e/ will reduce to /i/.  &lt;em&gt;Toalla&lt;/em&gt; is virtually universally pronounced as ['twaʎa].  &lt;em&gt;Teatro&lt;/em&gt; might be pronounced as ['tjatɾo].  But, &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; stays [a'ora] because /a/ can't reduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Double vowels like in &lt;em&gt;creencia&lt;/em&gt; are either slightly lengthed [cr'eːnθja] or simple pronounced as a single [cr'enθja].  The Academia actually recommends rewriting certain words with a single vowel when compounding causes double letters because of this: &lt;em&gt;decimoctavo&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;decimooctavo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T12:24:27.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7023" CreationDate="2014-06-21T17:00:31.087" Score="1" ViewCount="1552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the following translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Era demasiado tarde.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What If I want to say the following in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;It was getting late.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will the following translation hold?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se hacía tarde.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T05:59:41.100" Title="&quot;It was too late&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7022" CreationDate="2014-06-21T19:00:33.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;-The first one is correct but I think &quot;Ya era demasiado tarde&quot; sounds better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-The second one is fine but I would prefer &quot;Se estaba haciendo tarde&quot; o &quot;Ya se estaba haciendo tarde&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-06-22T02:14:00.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T02:14:00.100" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7017" CreationDate="2014-06-21T19:38:35.253" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, «cerdo» es el nombre común más formal para designar a &lt;em&gt;Sus scrofa domestica&lt;/em&gt; en un ambiente formal. También se puede emplear sinónimos más coloquiales como puerco, cochino, marrano. guarro y gorrino, pero son más usados cuando la frase es despectiva hacia el animal, y sobre todo si es un insulto hacía una persona, aludiendo a su suciedad, grosería o ruindad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son todos casi perfectos sinónimos. El sentido exacto, cuando se usan como insulto, lo proporciona sólo el contexto o la frase, aunque su origen sí que es diverso.&#xA;«Puerco» debería ser el nombre común formal, ya que deriva del latín &lt;em&gt;porcus&lt;/em&gt; y a su vez del indoeuropeo, lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;pork&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Cerdo» hace alusión al pelo grueso y duro del animal (cerdas, del latín vulgar &lt;code&gt;cirra&lt;/code&gt; que significa «mechón«). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Guarro» y «gorrino» derivan de las onomatopeyas de lo gruñidos de los cerdos. &#xA;Si se refiere al animal, «gorrino» tiene realmente el significado de lechón (cerdo  joven), así como el cerdo macho adulto es un «verraco» (del latín &lt;em&gt;verres&lt;/em&gt;). Creo que «verraco» es también un insulto en Cuba, pero al menos en España se usa en personas en alusión a su fuerza, brutalidad u obsesión sexual, pero no por su falta de higiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Cochino» quizás es un diminutivo del francés &lt;em&gt;cochon&lt;/em&gt; o tal vez provenga del termino &lt;em&gt;chochini&lt;/em&gt; que usaban los mexicas para los cerdos porque hacían ruidos como los ronquidos. En cualquier caso, si tuvo un origen americano, desde hace muchos siglos forma parte del vocabulario usual en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marrano viene del árabe andalusí «maharram»  que significaba «cosa prohibida» y pasó al romance como insulto a los judíos conversos al cristianismo en apariencia, y cuya secreta religión les prohibía comer carne de cerdo. De ahí pasó a significar únicamente cerdo, incluso sin sentido peyorativo.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, hay que aclarar el término «cerdo», y sobre todo sus sinónimos coloquiales, son palabras casi tabú en escritos formales, donde se usa y abusa el adjetivo «porcino» para evitar usar un nombre que se suele usar como insulto. A veces hay que leer docenas de veces «ganado porcino» antes de que autor se atreva a nombrar a «los cerdos» por su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adenda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me olvidaba de «chancho» que comenta Emilio Gort, que es otro sinónimo común, no sólo de América, aunque ciertamente en España se usa muy poco, y no creo que sea muy común tampoco en México, aunque seguramente no es desconocida para la mayoría de los hispanohablantes. Su origen parece ser que era «sancho»  en la Mancha y Aragón (España), pero no hay acuerdo si el término tenía  relación directa con el nombre propio «Sancho», muy común en España durante la Edad Media por influencia Navarra. Puede que este «otro» significado de «sancho» tuviera que ver con la elección del nombre para el vulgar y tosco escudero de Don Quijote de la Mancha, en cuyo caso no sólo su apellido «Panza» tenía un sentido  humorístico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sinónimo que jamás he escuchado es «cuino» pero tampoco es una palabra exclusivamente americana, ya que proviene de Asturias (norte de España). Otro que tampoco escucho nunca, pero viene en el diccionario, es «gocho», pero por avatares de la historia, actualmente parece ser un gentilicio de los andinos venezolanos y relacionado con esto, también significa animal o persona al que le falta una oreja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T13:34:08.490" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T13:34:08.490" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6870" CreationDate="2014-06-22T00:52:19.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;idiomatic&quot; English translation is, &quot;They do it this way so there won't be errors.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a more accurate translation is, &quot;They do it this way so there &lt;em&gt;should not be&lt;/em&gt; errors&quot; (subjunctive). The Spanish form, &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt; conveys this sense, the English does not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T00:52:19.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-22T02:27:34.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Gobernador Simón de Anda y Salazar y sus protectores entraron a&#xA;  Manila para aceptar la entrega de la ciudad de Manila por parte de las&#xA;  fuerzas inglesas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T02:27:34.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2014-06-22T17:40:58.187" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently worked on an Asturian spell checker and Asturian's verbal system very closely resembles Spanish (rather obviously, both being Iberian Romance languages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both, the irregularity of a verb presents itself in only a handful of ways, that may overlap in some places:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;first person singular of the present indicative&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;same stem used in present subjunctive (exceptions: &lt;em&gt;saber/ser/ir/haber/estar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stem changing (&lt;em&gt;alternancia vocálica&lt;/em&gt;) in present indicative/subjunctive, and simple preterite, simple pluperfect indicative / imperfect subjunctive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;simple preterite&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irregulars use the “regular irregular” endings (&lt;em&gt;-e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;future indicative / conditional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I did was create these groups and work with them individually.  Here's how I laid them out for Asturian, visually (in reality, the first and second plural of present indicative should have a different color because they don't stem-change, but for the way I was processing things, they could be combined in my system)  &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GTe0w.png&quot; alt=&quot;Asturian verb conjugations&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step was to create a list of irregular verb types (mentioned above), and then process each of the colored groups individually based on those characteristics.  For example, the teal shaded boxes are the subjunctive stem which is affected by first person singular irregularities, or, in the absence thereof, by stem changes.  The logic then goes for the teal (stem1) and green (stem2) sections:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;given verb, tense, mood, person, number&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;if(tense == pres &amp;amp;&amp;amp; &#xA;      (mood == subj || (mood == ind &amp;amp;&amp;amp; person == first &amp;amp;&amp;amp; number == sing)&#xA;) {&#xA;    // teal colored boxes&#xA;    if(verb has irregularSubjStem) {&#xA;        // subjunctive isn't 'just' the so-called opposite ending&#xA;        if(verb has uniqueYoForm) return verb's irregularUniqueYoForm &#xA;                                         // ^^ that is, voy/soy/sé, etc&#xA;        stem1 = verb's irregularSubjStem;&#xA;               // pong/teng/conozc/quep/etc&#xA;        stem2 = verb's irregularSubjStem;&#xA;    }else{&#xA;      if(verb has stemChange) {&#xA;          stem1 = stem's firstStemChange &#xA;               // &quot;duerm&quot;, &quot;comienz&quot;, &quot;prefier&quot;&#xA;          if(verb is IR) {&#xA;              stem2 = stem's secondStemChange&#xA;                  // &quot;durm&quot;, &quot;prefir&quot;, &quot;sirv&quot; etc&#xA;          }else{&#xA;              stem2 = stem&#xA;          }&#xA;      }else{&#xA;          stem1 = stem&#xA;          stem2 = stem&#xA;      }        &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if(verb is AR) {&#xA;        vowel = e&#xA;    else{&#xA;        vowel = a&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if(mood == ind) return stem + &quot;o&quot;&#xA;                            // quep + o, pong + o, comienz + o, nad + o&#xA;&#xA;    // mood is now necessarily subj&#xA;    if(person == sing &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number ==  first) return stem1 + vowel&#xA;    if(person == sing &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number == second) return stem1 + vowel + &quot;s&quot;&#xA;    if(person == sing &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number ==  third) return stem1 + vowel&#xA;    if(person == pl   &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number ==  first) return stem2 + vowel + &quot;mos&quot;&#xA;    if(person == pl   &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number == second) return stem2 + vowel + &quot;´is&quot;&#xA;    if(person == pl   &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (number ==  third) return stem1 + vowel + &quot;n&quot;&#xA;                                            // ´ should be a combining acute (U+0301)&#xA;                                            // otherwise you get, e.g., &quot;ponga´is&quot; &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this code is not remotely optimized nor runnable — I actually was working the opposite way (conjugation → infinitive) for my spell checker so there may be some better ways for going infinitive → conjugation, but it'll work.  You could then have a much smaller file of truly irregular forms (present tense indicative &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, for instance).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you still need to come up with methods of looking up what verb is stem changing, what its change is, as well as a number of orthographic changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs that end in -&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ar (&lt;em&gt;-qu-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;ar (&lt;em&gt;-gu-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;gu&lt;/strong&gt;ar (&lt;em&gt;-gü-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;ar (&lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;qu&lt;/strong&gt;er (&lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;qu&lt;/strong&gt;ir (&lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;gu&lt;/strong&gt;er (&lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;gü&lt;/strong&gt;er (&lt;em&gt;-gu-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;gu&lt;/strong&gt;ir (&lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;gü&lt;/strong&gt;ir (&lt;em&gt;-gu-&lt;/em&gt;), -&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;er (&lt;em&gt;-z-&lt;/em&gt;), or -&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ir (&lt;em&gt;-z-&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conjugations resulting in an intervocalic &lt;strong&gt;-i-&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-y-&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conjugations resulting in diphthongized &lt;strong&gt;-i-&lt;/strong&gt; after &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; is elided)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs that form explicitly indicate presence/absence of hiatus between stem and ending in the present tense singular and third-person plural: &lt;em&gt;envío&lt;/em&gt; not *&lt;em&gt;envio&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;premia&lt;/em&gt; not *&lt;em&gt;premía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go into adding on object pronouns (for use in commands and, if you're adventurous, very formal Spanish everywhere else), you'll need to factor in the loss of &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; in reflexive plural for first and second person (&lt;em&gt;sentémonos&lt;/em&gt; not *&lt;em&gt;sentémosnos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fijaos&lt;/em&gt; not *&lt;em&gt;fijados&lt;/em&gt; as well as marking the accent where necessary.  Also, not all object pronouns can go with all verbs.  But to go that far, you'd need to also keep a list of the transivity and reflexivity of all verbs, a quite monumental undertaking that even I haven't done for Asturian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, some verbs have multiple conjugations.  Off the top of my head, &lt;em&gt;placer&lt;/em&gt; randomly has both &lt;em&gt;plació&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;placieron&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;plugo&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;pluguieron&lt;/em&gt; but doesn't have &lt;em&gt;plugue/pluguiste/pluguimos/pluguisteis&lt;/em&gt; as would be expected.  &lt;em&gt;yacer&lt;/em&gt; has three subjunctive stems: &lt;em&gt;yazc-, yazg-, yag-&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;erguir&lt;/em&gt; can be either an e→ie or e→i stem changing verb resulting in either &lt;em&gt;irgo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;yergo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other verbs are only valid in certain numbers/persons/tenses (called &quot;defective verbs&quot;)  The most common ones exist only in third person (and some only in third person singular) like weather words or &lt;em&gt;acaecer&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;acontecer&lt;/em&gt;.  Others like &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; can only be used imperfectly (so no preterite or future, etc), or some of the weird -irs like abolir that traditionally are considered to only exist where the conjugation begins with i (so vos/vosotros can &lt;em&gt;abolís&lt;/em&gt;, but tú/usted/ustedes can't *&lt;em&gt;aboles&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;abole&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;abolen&lt;/em&gt;.  yo can't *&lt;em&gt;abolo&lt;/em&gt;, but we can *&lt;em&gt;abolimos&lt;/em&gt;).  Some of these are changing and becoming accepted, so YMMV.  Some are super restricted.  &lt;em&gt;abarse&lt;/em&gt; only exists in the infintive and imperitive.  These are much tougher to deal with and anytime you search for a comprehensive list of defective verbs, you'll always get slightly different answers, but with the exception of &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; and weather words, they aren't verbs that the average Spanish learner will use often, or perhaps ever learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Needless to say, there's a lot to take into account for a perfect rendition of the Spanish conjugation system, but it shouldn't be remotely as hard to account for what 99.99% of Spanish learners will encounter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-27T14:38:48.393" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T14:38:48.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2014-06-22T19:19:19.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahí = there&#xA;Allí = yonder&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to think of the &lt;em&gt;aquí/acá&lt;/em&gt;—&lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;—&lt;em&gt;allí/allá&lt;/em&gt; difference as being the same as 1st / 2nd / 3rd person.  &lt;em&gt;Aquí/acá&lt;/em&gt; is near me, &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; is near you, and &lt;em&gt;allí/allá&lt;/em&gt; is near neither of us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;user983248 has a very good description of the five level distinction, although there is a sixth one, &lt;em&gt;acullá&lt;/em&gt;, which is even farther away than &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt;.  Of further note, &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; admit comparisons, whereas &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; do not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T19:19:19.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2276" CreationDate="2014-06-22T19:51:14.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per Laura's suggestion, here's a summarized version of what the RAE says for when it is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the object (indirect or direct) is a person pronoun (mí, ti, etc) and included anywhere in the sentence, you must include the pronoun with the verb (indirect or direct):  &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; *&lt;em&gt;castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the object (indirect or direct) comes before the verb (OSV or OVS sentences), you must include the pronoun with verb, animate or not: &lt;em&gt;A los problemas del mundo no les doy mucha importancia&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;A los problemas del mundo no doy mucha importancia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The exception to the above is when you are being intentionally emphatic or contrastive, for example &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ti&lt;/strong&gt; lo daré, &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no.  Here, saying &lt;em&gt;Te lo daré, a él no&lt;/em&gt; would sound very odd.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the indirect object comes after the verb and isn't a personal pronoun (so &lt;em&gt;a Juan&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a los estudiantes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;al problema&lt;/em&gt;), then it is almost always completely optional, if quite common especially in speech.  The handful of exceptions include gustar and similar verbs, which do require it, except when the indirect obejct is nadie/todos/etc, in which case it's once again optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T19:51:14.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-22T20:07:25.153" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of these answers answer the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronunciation of the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; in Spain will vary a little by region.  But, generally, the &lt;em&gt;ese castellana&lt;/em&gt; (not unique to Spain but very common, hence the name) is used whereby the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced apically, that is, the tip of the tongue is slightly raised obstructing the air (in IPA: [s̺] instead of [s]).  This causes the sound to be heard (to English-speakers, at least) as something far closer to the English &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; [ʃ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you go the South of Spain, the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, like in many parts of Latin America, will be aspirated, causing words like &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; to be pronounced /eh'ta/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Madrid and central Spain, /s/ before /k/ results in &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; [χ], but not in other situations.  Hence &lt;em&gt;Es que Óscar habla con unos sastres en Eroski&lt;/em&gt;: eχ ke 'oχkar aβ̞la kon unos̺ s̺as̺tres̺ en eroχki&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2020-09-05T02:52:10.187" LastActivityDate="2020-09-05T02:52:10.187" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6865" CreationDate="2014-06-22T20:24:39.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perfect means completed, that is already completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So present perfect is completed at some point prior to the present: &lt;em&gt;he comido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;he hablado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pluperfect is completed at some point prior to the past: &lt;em&gt;Ya había comido cuando llegó.  Ya había pensado antes de hablar.&lt;/em&gt;  Hence it's called the past of the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, future perfect is completed at some point prior to the future time frame.  You might well call it the past of the future.  &lt;em&gt;habré viajado a diez países antes de jubilar&lt;/em&gt; (future time frame: upon retirement, and prior to that, but posterior to now, ten countries will be visited).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conditional is, technically, the future of the past as evidenced by indirect speech: &lt;em&gt;Me dice que irá a Méjico&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;em&gt;Me dijo que iría a Méjico&lt;/em&gt; when put in past tense.  In Spanish, the conditional tense is even called the &lt;em&gt;pospretérito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So conditional perfect is, if you will, the past of the future of the past.  It happens before the future that is established within a past-tense timeframe.  (mind blown yet?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T20:24:39.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1475" CreationDate="2014-06-22T21:13:05.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has six demonstrative adverbs.  In order from nearest to farthest, they are &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;acullá&lt;/em&gt;.  English has just three: &lt;em&gt;here&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;there&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;yonder&lt;/em&gt;.  That's why it translated it as &lt;em&gt;yonder&lt;/em&gt;, as they are both the farthest from the speaker (incidentally, being from the [US] South, I use &lt;em&gt;yonder&lt;/em&gt; in regular speech and so while &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; sits on a grey area between my English &lt;em&gt;there/yonder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;acullá&lt;/em&gt; would always be &lt;em&gt;yonder&lt;/em&gt; for me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can't speak for other countries, but you will hear &lt;em&gt;acullá&lt;/em&gt; ocasionally in the north of Spain (Asturias, especially).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T01:29:40.597" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T01:29:40.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-23T00:21:36.033" Score="0" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mientras Marcos jugaba al baloncesto con sus companeros, sintió calor y se quitó la chaqueta&quot;, I wanna know if I can speak this sentence in such way like &quot;Mientras Marcos estuvo jugando al baloncesto con su -------&quot;  ?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;le dolía la cabeza&quot;: Why not say &quot;su cabeza dolía&quot;?  If I say &quot;su cabeza dolia&quot;, will the native Spanish speakers still understand?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;el chico tenia 37,5 grados&quot;.  How do you read the number in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4187" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T08:28:34.793" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T08:28:34.793" Title="Some questions about Spanish tenses and sentence structure" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-06-23T08:29:38.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7033" CreationDate="2014-06-23T01:02:40.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few questions here but I'll try to answer them individually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why can't it be &quot;estuvo jugando al baloncesto&quot; instead of &quot;estaba jugando&quot;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The preterite progressive exists, but it's not it's not used anywhere near as often as the imperfect or imperfect progressive.  It means that an event was on-going, but you want to really emphasize the completed nature of it.  Thereby, it is incompatible with &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; which means it cannot yet be completed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why can't doler be used intransitively?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish means to hurt, but the subject must necessarily be the agent of pain (that is, the thing causing the pain).  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;In English, this is how hurt works when used with a direct object.  In a sentence like &quot;John hurts James&quot;, John is causing the pain.  But if I say &quot;John hurts&quot;, suddenly, John isn't causing pain, he's feeling it!  Crazy English.  (this is common with verbs when they shift transivity).&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Thus in Spanish, if you say &quot;su cabeza dolía&quot;, you are indicating that his head is hurting... something.  But we don't know what.  There's nothing grammatically wrong with saying &quot;La cabeza le dolía&quot;, but the &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; let's us know who is receiving the pain.  With body parts in Spanish, it's also less common to use possessive adjectives, hence &quot;la cabeza&quot; instead of &quot;su&quot; (the indirect object implies it).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How do you pronounce decimals in Spanish?&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The most common way to pronounce 37,5 would be &lt;em&gt;treinta y siete &lt;strong&gt;coma&lt;/strong&gt; cinco&lt;/em&gt;, though I imagine in the countries where a period is used for decimals, they'd say &lt;em&gt;treinta y siete &lt;strong&gt;punto&lt;/strong&gt; cinco&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Because it's exactly a half, you also can say &lt;em&gt;treinta y siete &lt;strong&gt;y medio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;em&gt;treinta y siete &lt;strong&gt;y media&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; depending on whether the object being counted is masculine or feminine, so with temperature, you'd go with &lt;em&gt;medio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T07:20:58.437" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T07:20:58.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="313" CreationDate="2014-06-23T05:59:44.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some additional information not noted in other answers.  One of the reasons that it will feel more natural, in most cases, to attach the object is that in older Spanish, like modern day European Portuguese, object pronouns were not allowed at the beginning of utterances.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, you could not simply say &quot;Lo quiero hacer&quot; because you've started the sentence with &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;.  Your options would have been &lt;em&gt;Quiérolo hacer&lt;/em&gt; (incredibly stilted/archaic/hyperformal, or in the north of Spain like Asturias) or &lt;em&gt;Quiero hacerlo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if other words were present in front of the pronouns, then it was possible again.  This most especially happened with negative words.  &lt;em&gt;No lo quiero hacer&lt;/em&gt; should sound a bit more natural than &lt;em&gt;Lo quiero hacer&lt;/em&gt; (topicalization notwithstanding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, incidentally, why affirmative commands have postpositioned pronouns and negative commands have prepositioned ones.  The &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; acted as what the Portuguese call an &lt;em&gt;atrator&lt;/em&gt;, pulling the pronouns to the front of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T05:59:44.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="487" CreationDate="2014-06-23T06:29:59.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When used as subjunctive, there is no difference in meaning, except that as noted, the &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; forms can carry in some places a slightly elevated sound, and regional/personal/phonetic differences will also affect the choice.  (&lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; frankly just &lt;em&gt;sounds&lt;/em&gt; better on some verbs, on &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; on others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, do note that the &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; forms can also be used in the indicative, where they form the simple pluperfect: &lt;em&gt;Ya se levantara cuando recibió la llamada&lt;/em&gt;.   Thus it is possible —although very &lt;em&gt;rebuscado&lt;/em&gt; given how little &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; is used in the indicative— to have a sentence where &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; is the only unambiguously subjunctive form: &lt;em&gt;El estudiante hacía lo que la profesora indicara&lt;/em&gt; (does &lt;em&gt;indicara&lt;/em&gt; mean &lt;em&gt;había indicado&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;indicase&lt;/em&gt;?  Could be either.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T06:29:59.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-23T06:47:02.800" Score="0" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mientras Pepe jugaba a el baloncesto&quot;: el baloncesto has no life nor related to human beings, why put &quot;a&quot; in the sentence, why not say like &quot;mientras Pepe jUgaba el baloncesto&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fue primero a la farmacia&quot;. What's the function of &quot;a&quot;? Why not use &quot;en&quot; en la farmacia?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por qué faltaste a clase&quot; Why put &quot;a&quot; not &quot;el&quot; here?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4187" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T08:26:44.393" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T16:29:35.977" Title="What's the function of 'a' in the following sentences?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="935" CreationDate="2014-06-23T06:50:04.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exceptionally well typeset materials will use anen-dash to signal a brief break in dialog which is introduced with an m-dash.  I don't see it in a lot of publishers, but it works really well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Yo me llamo... –murmuró el niño– Emilio Sánchez Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either case, whereas in English style will vary as to whether you put a space or not on both sides of the dash (but you do the same on both sides), in Spanish, you can tell whether a dash is opening/closing by where the space is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;texto y más texto —y más texto… &lt;em&gt;&amp;lt;--opening&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;texto y más texto— y más texto… &lt;em&gt;&amp;lt;--closing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T06:50:04.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7037" CreationDate="2014-06-23T07:05:32.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The different &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;'s that you're asking about all have different reasons which shows just how versatile the preposition is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt; (not &lt;em&gt;jagar&lt;/em&gt;) takes the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.  That's just the way it is.  It's the same reason you &lt;em&gt;cuidar &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tener &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  It's not the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; that's used with animate direct objects, though.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; generally uses prepositions indicating movement or motion, hence &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; (go to).  While there's nothing strictly ungrammatically about &lt;em&gt;ir en&lt;/em&gt;, in the example you give, &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; would work better.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;faltar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; (algo)&lt;/em&gt; is an expression summed up in one of the DRAE's definitions: &quot;Dicho de una persona: No corresponder a lo que es, o no cumplir con lo que debe. &lt;em&gt;Faltó a la lealtad, a la nobleza&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T09:15:07.927" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T09:15:07.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7014" CreationDate="2014-06-23T07:17:06.340" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema con una pregunta como esa es que primero hay que definir lo que se quiere decir con «más cercano».  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Trátase de pronunciación?  ¿de gramática?  ¿de vocabulario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Trátase del registro vulgar? ¿culto? ¿campestre? ¿esmero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una vez establecida tal definición, hay que especificar lo que se entiende al hablar de «España».  ¿La España actual?  ¿La España de la que surgieron las múltiples variedades de castellano/español en el Nuevo Mundo, el África y el Asia?  Y si es la España actual pues sigue habiendo muchas distinciones entre zonas, algunas que han tenido más influencia que otras en uno u otro dialecto americano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T13:03:56.197" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T13:03:56.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7037" CreationDate="2014-06-23T12:13:02.627" Score="7" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unlike the English verb &lt;em&gt;to play&lt;/em&gt;, the Spanish verb &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt; is intransitive. Therefore, you need a preposition to introduce its complements. In this case, to introduce the game you are playing, you use the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. Why is it transitive in one language and intransitive in the other? Well, that's just the way each language has evolved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; can be the past indefinite of either the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;. This sentence can mean that he was the first person to arrive in the pharmacy (in this case, it would be the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;) or that he went to the pharmacy before going somewhere else (in this case, it would be the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;). As written in the example, the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; indicates the second case; the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; is a movement verb, so it uses the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; to indicate the destination of the movement. If you wanted to use the preposition &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;, you would probably write &lt;em&gt;Fue el primero en la farmacia&lt;/em&gt;, and in this case &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; would be the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (he was the first to arrive at the pharmacy).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is no way you can use &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence, since &lt;em&gt;clase&lt;/em&gt; is feminine. Anyway, the verb &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt; is intransitive too, so you need a preposition to introduce its complements. In this case, you are using the fourth meaning of the word in the DRAE (&lt;em&gt;no acudir a una cita u obligación&lt;/em&gt;), and the preposition used to introduce this appointment or obligation is &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account that different languages have different grammar rules. You just have to learn how each word works in each language you learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T12:13:02.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7042" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7048" CreationDate="2014-06-23T16:20:32.517" Score="2" ViewCount="427" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the word &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;descunchifle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-03-30T14:07:04.310" LastActivityDate="2020-03-30T14:07:04.310" Title="What does &quot;descunchifle&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7043" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7044" CreationDate="2014-06-23T22:44:42.627" Score="3" ViewCount="3251" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two friends who speak Spanish; in the case of one, he grew up in Mexico; in the case of the other, his parents spoke Spanish at home when he was young.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both say that &quot;parientes&quot; means &quot;parents&quot; whereas every book I've seen says it means &quot;relatives.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy to see how one could assume that &quot;parientes&quot; means &quot;parents&quot; but is it really so - maybe in certain regions of Mexico, for example, if nowhere else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T10:01:22.377" Title="Does &quot;parientes&quot; ever mean &quot;parents,&quot; or is it always &quot;relatives&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7043" CreationDate="2014-06-23T22:51:59.923" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parientes&lt;/em&gt; always means relatives, never parents. I'm not very sure why your friends said that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T10:01:22.377" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T10:01:22.377" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1475" CreationDate="2014-06-23T23:17:12.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a word only found in books and cartoons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vimeo.com/45091297#t=1090s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Her's an example in &quot;Alice in Wonderland&quot;:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oye ven, ¿Por dónde está la reina?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A veces por aquí y a veces por acá. Pero como yo soy gente importante siempre entro por acullá.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T08:36:50.830" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T08:36:50.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="315" CreationDate="2014-06-23T23:48:41.847" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The accepted answer isn't right.  If you have &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; as two different objects, they will &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; go in the same order.  You can only have &lt;em&gt;te me&lt;/em&gt;, and never &lt;em&gt;me te&lt;/em&gt;, likewise, you can never have &lt;em&gt;le me&lt;/em&gt;, even if &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object and &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider, for example, &amp;quot;te me acercas&amp;quot;.  &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; is the reflexive object, and &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect.  Now switch it from meaning &amp;quot;you are approaching me&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;I am approaching you&amp;quot;.  If you follow RID, you get &amp;quot;me te acerco&amp;quot; which is absolutely wrong.  It should be &lt;em&gt;te me acerco&lt;/em&gt; although because that sounds rather &lt;em&gt;rebuscado&lt;/em&gt;, you will normally just see &lt;em&gt;me acerco a ti&lt;/em&gt;, and as a result I've only really seen it in poetry or similarly exalted language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metafísico (Josefina Pla)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que te pienso te crezco y &lt;strong&gt;te me alejo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Te llevo más allá de mi última frontera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te sumo y potenciando tu horizonte neonato&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;agrando el imposible para mi sed viajera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus correct order, confirmed in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;DPD. pronombres personales átonos. 4.&quot;&gt;DPD. pronombres personales átonos. 4.&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;2.ª&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;1.ª&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;3.ª&lt;/strong&gt;, or more explicitly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;followed by&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;strong&gt;te/os&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;followed by&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;me/nos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;followed by&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;le/les/lo/la/los/las&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T23:59:13.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7043" CreationDate="2014-06-24T00:20:11.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In modern, spoken Spanish, for the most part, yes, &quot;parientes&quot; means &quot;relatives.&quot; However, it is worth noting that, according to the Real Academia Española, &quot;pariente&quot; can also mean, by definition number five:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. m. pl. ant. Los padres.&lt;/strong&gt;     i.e. &quot;parents&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, however, that the RAE points out that this is an outdated definition, and therefore is currently not used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T00:20:11.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7042" CreationDate="2014-06-24T00:41:12.510" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?w=desconchinflar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desconchinflar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. tr. Cuba, El Salv. y Méx. deteriorar (‖ estropear). U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Está &lt;strong&gt;desconchinflado&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; / It's broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desconchinfle&lt;/em&gt; sería el subjuntiivo en primera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-27T16:42:11.343" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4998" CreationDate="2014-06-24T02:19:09.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say, one (&lt;em&gt;compraría&lt;/em&gt;) is representing the future.  The other (&lt;em&gt;compraba&lt;/em&gt;) could be &lt;em&gt;either&lt;/em&gt; reporting an action in the imperfect past (concurrent with when &quot;dijo&quot; happens) or the present.  Reported speech has the following &quot;translations&quot; if you will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presente → pret. imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Estudio&lt;/em&gt; español»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;estudiaba&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pret. perfecto → pluscuamperfecto / antepretérito&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Estudié&lt;/em&gt; español»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;había estudiado / estudiara / hubo estudiado&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pret. imperfecto → pret. imperfecto / pluscuamperfecto prog.&lt;/strong&gt; (latter prevents simultaneous interpretation)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Estudiaba&lt;/em&gt; español»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;estudiaba&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;había estado estudiando&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pluscuamperfecto → pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Había estudiado&lt;/em&gt; español»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;había estudiado&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;futuro → condicional&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Estudiaré&lt;/em&gt; español»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;estudiaría&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condicional → condicional&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Estudiaría español&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dijo que &lt;em&gt;estudiaría&lt;/em&gt; español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are based on two rules if you want to figure out other ones.  Present shifts to imperfect, and imperfect stays in imperfect.  How do you get &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;em&gt;estudié&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;he estudiado&lt;/em&gt; are equivalents.  &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;presente&lt;/em&gt;, so it shifts to &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; resulting in &lt;em&gt;había estudiado&lt;/em&gt; from either &lt;em&gt;estudié&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;he estudiado&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Futuro&lt;/em&gt; can be either &lt;em&gt;estudiaré&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;voy a estudiar&lt;/em&gt;, the latter being &lt;em&gt;presente&lt;/em&gt; is recast as &lt;em&gt;iba a estudiar&lt;/em&gt; which is equivalent to the &lt;em&gt;condicional&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Condicional&lt;/em&gt; recasts into &lt;em&gt;condicional&lt;/em&gt; because it's really &lt;em&gt;iba a estudiar&lt;/em&gt; which, being imperfect, stays &lt;em&gt;iba a estudiar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably more detail than you needed, but should help to understand the why of the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T02:19:09.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4472" CreationDate="2014-06-24T05:08:56.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from México and the only thing I can say is that here and all the spanish speaking cuntries in América &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; sound the same so &lt;code&gt;&quot;piscina&quot;&lt;/code&gt; sounds as an &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;. Maybe, the only different thing is that maybe in slow speech could sound as a long &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T05:08:56.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7037" CreationDate="2014-06-24T05:34:03.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mientras Pepe jugaba a el baloncesto&quot; ¿What was Pepe playing? Al Baloncesto. &lt;code&gt;&quot;a el&quot;&lt;/code&gt; contracts to &lt;code&gt;&quot;al&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and you can remove it since &lt;code&gt;&quot;Baloncesto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is a proper noun. &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pepe jugaba el Baloncesto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; doesn't sounds bad for me but I think is more proper say &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pepe jugaba al baloncesto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&quot;Pepe jugaba Baloncesto&quot;&lt;/code&gt; I'd pick the last one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Fue primero a la farmacia&quot; ¿Where did he go first? A la farmacia [Not a proper noun &lt;code&gt;&quot;A la&quot;&lt;/code&gt; required]. ¿Where did he buy first? En la farmacia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Por qué faltaste a clase&quot; The only way of putting &lt;code&gt;&quot;el&quot;&lt;/code&gt; in there is talking about time. &quot;por qué faltaste el Jueves/otro día/mes de mayo/&quot;. Clase is not a proper noun so needs &lt;code&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/code&gt; but you can also say &lt;code&gt;&quot;a la clase&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T05:34:03.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6993" CreationDate="2014-06-24T15:42:13.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived in Paraguay for a couple years, and down there the common phase for &quot;No matter what&quot; was: &quot;Sí o sí&quot; (meaning directly, &quot;Yes or yes&quot;). This was used in sentences to demonstrate the imperativeness of an action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &quot;You need to go to the the meeting, no matter what.&quot; --&gt; &quot;Necesitas asistir a la reunión, sí o sí.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4190" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T15:42:13.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6922" CreationDate="2014-06-24T16:51:48.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el Diccionario de la Real Academia acepta &lt;em&gt;británico&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a los naturales del Reino Unido, también se podría acuñar el término &lt;em&gt;reinounidense&lt;/em&gt;, por analogía con &lt;em&gt;estadounidense&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, Arturo Pérez Reverte ha utilizado en varias ocasiones el término &lt;em&gt;perfidoalbionés&lt;/em&gt; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2594" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T16:51:48.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5659" CreationDate="2014-06-24T21:14:11.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the context you've given, there are some other translations that might work as well based on more specific context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are saying that an evaluation is to be scheduled, you can instead of use simply &lt;strong&gt;a programar&lt;/strong&gt; or as others have pointed out &lt;strong&gt;a concertar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things.  &lt;em&gt;forma&lt;/em&gt; is wrong, &lt;em&gt;formulario&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;modelo&lt;/em&gt; is generically better, but here I agree with Nico, it should be &lt;em&gt;certificado&lt;/em&gt;, but I've always seen just &lt;em&gt;certificado de discapacidad&lt;/em&gt; sans other words.  Instead of &lt;em&gt;discapacidad&lt;/em&gt; you can also use &lt;em&gt;minusvalía&lt;/em&gt; (although these days it's not considered as PC). Also, notice date formatting.  Either &lt;em&gt;14 mayo 2014&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;14 de mayo de 2014&lt;/em&gt; (all lowercase), or use numerals for the month: &lt;em&gt;14 VI 2014&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;14-6-2014&lt;/em&gt; or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to consider is the declaración del propietario.  That's fine if you just need the owner of the proper to certify where they're living.  If you're wanting a copy of a lease or evidence they own it which I suppose you are, I'd use that something like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RESIDENCIA - (contrato de arrendimiento/hipoteca o título inmobiliario)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VERIFICACIÓN DE DISCAPACIDAD - (certificado de discapacidad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CITA CON IMA - (14 mayo 2014 - para evaluación psicológica)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EVALUACIÓN DE EMPLEO - (a concertar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the other text you mention as &lt;em&gt;si se programa&lt;/em&gt; (I'm guessing in English &amp;quot;if/as necessary&amp;quot;) you can use &lt;em&gt;en su caso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T21:14:11.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7063" CreationDate="2014-06-24T21:46:36.343" Score="1" ViewCount="481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Twenty years ago, I learned the use of &quot;fud&quot; as a word for &quot;food&quot; in Mexican Spanish. In that context, it referred to a certain type of canned &quot;fud&quot; or perhaps in Spanish, &quot;fud de latas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;fud&quot; used as a word for food, or &quot;alimentos&quot; outside of northern Mexico? And would it refer to &quot;food&quot; generally, or only certain types of foods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2020-05-22T01:18:38.357" Title="Has &quot;fud&quot; made it into mainstream Spanish as a word for &quot;food?&quot;" Tags="&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7055" CreationDate="2014-06-24T22:39:34.647" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never heard it in Spain, not even in a passing manner,  so I'd say: No, at least not in Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T22:39:34.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2014-06-25T02:26:17.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can happen in normal speech too.  For many speakers of Spanish, the &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; will be pronounced as something better described as halfway between the English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;.  That's a rather inexact position, and you try to do it you'll notice sometimes it comes out as more of a &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; or more of a &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;.  Depending on phonetic context, stress, intonation, etc, the Spanish &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; may end up adopting pronunciations closer to the English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; or the English &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;.  Musicality becomes just another variable in the equation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I avoided IPA here to avoid possible confusion since English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; is [j] in IPA.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-08-16T16:07:31.673" LastActivityDate="2020-08-16T16:07:31.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2014-06-25T12:55:23.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can depend on who is doing the singing, and on regional accents, too.  In Argentina, the &quot;y&quot; sound is very close to the English &quot;j&quot;.  If a Mexican is singing an Argentine tango, sometimes he will drift in and out of imitating the Argentine accent.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same thing happened during the &quot;British invasion&quot;.  Some Brit pop singers who spoke with their own regional accent would try to sing as if they were Americans.  The imitation was usually very convincing, but occasionally, they would slip up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T12:55:23.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7037" CreationDate="2014-06-25T16:29:35.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mientras Pepe jugaba a el baloncesto&quot; , well I would never say &quot;a el baloncesto&quot; , but I suposse it is formal spanish from Spain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fue primero a la farmacia&quot;. Here 'a' means to . I guess it is the same in english , in english you say &quot; I went TO the pharmacy first &quot; not 'IN THE PHARMARCY&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por qué faltaste a clase&quot; , first of all clase is considered here as an 'event'. Faltar is the opposite of attending an event or going somewhere so just use the same structure , pay attention: No fui A la fiesta = falté A la fiesta , since that 'no fui' equals to 'falté' you use the same structure , so you use 'a'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user4197" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T16:29:35.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3281" CreationDate="2014-06-26T01:59:49.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To handle every single non-defective verb except for &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (they have tenses with unpredictably arbitrary conjugations), you could figure out all conjugations with the following principal parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;needed for determining &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1st person singular present indicative&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irregular &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; forms normally spill into subjunctive/imperative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stem changing verbs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3rd person singular present indicative&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stem-changing verbs (that have irregular yo forms)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Any conjugation of present subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs whose &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; doesn't end in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; can't be predicted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(basically just for &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; and arguably &lt;em&gt;dar/estar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3rd person plural simple preterite perfect indicative&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irregular preterite stems, spill into past/future subjunctive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in 3rd plural, captures &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; elision for &lt;em&gt;-cir&lt;/em&gt; verbs (&lt;em&gt;dijeron&lt;/em&gt; not *&lt;em&gt;dijieron&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Any conjugation of future indicative&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irregular future/conditional stems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2nd person singular imperative&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irregular commands (&lt;em&gt;pon&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;di&lt;/em&gt;, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for a few examples (all irregular in some way)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tuvieron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tendré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ten&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sepa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;supieron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jugar&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;juego&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;juega&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;juegue&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jugaron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jugaré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;juega&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decir&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;digo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dice&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dijeron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;di&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inducir&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;induzco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;induce&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;induzca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;indujeron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;induciré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;induce&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;hago&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hace&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hicieron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;freír&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fríe&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fría&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;frieron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;freiré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fríe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This even covers odd ball verbs like &lt;em&gt;cernir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;adquirir&lt;/em&gt; because you can see they stem-change in the present, but not the preterite (thus indicating a lack in subjunctive too).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most verbs, however, are not very irregular.  As noted above, if you're willing to memorize that &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; has the odd &lt;em&gt;sé/sabe/sepa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dar/estar&lt;/em&gt; just do vowel swap for subjunctive (rather than building off of the &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;), then you can entirely remove the present subjunctive conjugation.  Ditto for if you're willing to remember the handful of irregular &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; commands.  But then again, excepting stem changes, you're only ever looking at a dozen irregulars in each tense, so honestly, you're better off just learning them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to, though, I'd recommend just sticking with, for example with &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tuvieron&lt;/em&gt;.  Those are the forms whose irregularities will most heavily propogate in other conjugations, giving you nearly 95+% coverage and leaving you with just future and &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; commands to memorize separately which are quite painless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T01:59:49.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7055" CreationDate="2014-06-26T04:36:34.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nope. &lt;em&gt;I was born here&lt;/em&gt;, I've also lived in and traveled to many places all around México.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell you for sure I've never heard someone refer to food as &quot;fud&quot; in spanish. My guess about what &quot;fud de latas&quot; meant would be that it had something to do with this industrial brand of food products named &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FUD_%28brand%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FUD&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, it is very popular because the company spends heavily on TV advertising and the products are decent enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this answer cleared your doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T04:36:34.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7017" CreationDate="2014-06-26T05:17:26.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Fran es muy valiosa, pero me parece que lo que tu necesitas es saber cuando usar cual palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;strong&gt;español de México&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando hablas de comida, las palabras &quot;cochi&quot; y &quot;cochino&quot; casi no se usan porque son un poco más desagradables, &quot;puerco&quot; se usa a veces, pero es más común y aceptado usar &quot;cerdo&quot;, por ejemplo &quot;carne de cerdo&quot;, &quot;costilla de cerdo&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero tu pregunta fue sobre el animal; cuando te refieres al animal vivo, puedes usar cualquiera de esas tres palabras de manera intercambiable, en diferentes regiones se usa diferente palabra con más frecuencia, &quot;cochi&quot; es común en la región noroeste del país, es simplemente una abreviación de &quot;cochino&quot;, pero las palabras &quot;puerco&quot; y &quot;cerdo&quot; se entienden bien en todo México y son más usadas, &lt;strong&gt;no hay diferencia textual cuando te refieres al animal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Adicionalmente puedo asegurar, que en México es más común usar las palabras &quot;cerdo&quot; y &quot;puerco&quot; sin rodeos, contrario a lo que @Fran menciona en el 7&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; párrafo de su respuesta. El uso formal al estilo que Fran describió (&quot;ganado porcino&quot;) es usual siempre en documentación por supuesto. Pero cuando alguien se siente incómodo usando esas palabras, simplemente dirá &quot;cerdito&quot; o &quot;puerquito&quot;; &lt;strong&gt;en México, amenizar el discurso oral usando diminutivos es más común&lt;/strong&gt; que usar términos formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, cuando se usa como adjetivo calificativo para insultar a una persona (en estilo coloquial), sí existen diferencias subtextuales sutiles y otras no tan sutiles (dependiendo del contexto), pero esa no fue tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que eso aclare tu duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T13:37:12.020" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T13:37:12.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7022" CreationDate="2014-06-26T05:59:41.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Relevant to México:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you are just being descriptive and wanna keep it brief and sort of mysterious, your translations are great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to keep it casual &amp;amp; make it feel more natural:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Era muy tarde. (recently after the fact / narrating with a sense of affliction)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Fue muy tarde. (long after the fact / narrating with a sense of emotional distance)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se estaba haciendo tarde. (acknowledging a progressive state)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to express a stronger sense of irreversibility for the 1st one and a stronger sense of urgency for the 2nd one you can prefix the word &quot;ya&quot; and modify your verbs to be conjugated in present participle (&lt;em&gt;gerundio&lt;/em&gt;) just as Jaime suggested:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya era muy tarde. (recently after the fact)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ya fue muy tarde. (long after the fact, looking back)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya se estaba haciendo tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even pump it up changing &quot;muy tarde&quot;(too late) for &quot;demasiado tarde&quot;(way too late).&#xA;&quot;Demasiado&quot; is superlative to &quot;Muy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T05:59:41.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2014-06-26T06:28:36.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Relevant to México:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm surprised no one has considered:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un tequila derecho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(Which is served in a &quot;caballito&quot;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, as others pointed out caballito is the name of the glass but is casually used to refer to a shot(trago):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use cases:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Vamos por unos tragos&quot;(&quot;Let's go for some drinks&quot;.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Traigame una ronda de shots&quot;(&quot;Bring me a round of shots&quot;.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Al cantinero: &quot;Sirvame un trago&quot;(To the barman: &quot;Hit me&quot;.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nyqTx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;a mexican order of caballito shots, called bandera for the colors&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Image source: wikipedia / GDFL license&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T06:28:36.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7003" CreationDate="2014-06-26T06:43:00.850" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haven't you seen Cantinflas' movies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible your audition already happened, if not:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/40lbX.png&quot; alt=&quot;a meme of popular &amp;quot;keep calm&amp;quot; poster&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Keep calm and address her as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su Excelencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1272" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T06:43:00.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6953" CreationDate="2014-06-26T12:07:35.410" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, at least, you can see it in the definition for &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (from the DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;21. prep. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;según&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;A fuero de Aragón. A lo que parece. A la moda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly notice the last one there, &lt;em&gt;a la moda&lt;/em&gt;.  Generally with foods, you'll notice that that regional styles are always specified in the feminine.  Because when you say &lt;em&gt;callos a la madrileña&lt;/em&gt;, you're really saying &lt;em&gt;callos a la moda madrileña&lt;/em&gt;, that is, &lt;em&gt;callos preparados según la moda/forma/manera/cocina madrileña&lt;/em&gt;.  Perhaps historically it wasn't moda, but another feminine word.  It's probably mere happenstance that it wasn't &quot;al estilo madrileño&quot; resulting in masculine uses across the board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether other ones like &lt;em&gt;al vapor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;al horno&lt;/em&gt; came out of this is a good question I don't have a quick answer to, as they could fall under a number of different definitions in the DRAE (7, 8, and 10 especially).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thought too is that while &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; is normally used to use nouns as adjectives, if you use them with things like food, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; ends up meaning &lt;em&gt;made out of&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;coming from&lt;/em&gt;, it'd have very different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mejillones al vapor&lt;/em&gt; - steamed mussels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mejillones de vapor&lt;/em&gt; - mussels &lt;em&gt;made of&lt;/em&gt; steam&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or for a more differentiation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;callos a la madrileña&lt;/em&gt; - delicious tripe stew made in the Madrid style&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;callos de Madrid&lt;/em&gt; - tripe that came from Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;callos madrileños&lt;/em&gt; - tripe whose provenance is that of Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;callos por la madrileña&lt;/em&gt; - tripe made by a woman from Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; and other prepositions not working well, and &lt;em&gt;según&lt;/em&gt; probably a bit too formal-ish sounding, ended up with just &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T12:07:35.410" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3552" CreationDate="2014-06-26T12:14:00.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Domingo 20 de Abril de 2003&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gardel vuelve a cantar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señor editor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la sección cartas de la edición del 6 de abril se presenta una versión errónea sobre el origen de la expresión &quot;hoy canta Gardel&quot; o &quot;cantó Gardel&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase en realidad nace en Chile, en tiempo de las discorolas o wurlitzer públicos. Durante las fechas de pago de los trabajadores, que generalmente se realizaba los días viernes, todos íbamos a celebrar a los negocios de la época que tenían discorolas, donde seleccionábamos los discos que nos gustaban. Y entre esos, por supuesto, estaban los del gran Carlitos Gardel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la única verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ricardo Barraza V.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4205" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T12:14:00.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7043" CreationDate="2014-06-26T16:08:01.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite translation of 'parientes' to English is 'kin', as it has a slightly broader connotation than simply 'relatives.' But in any case, it certainly &lt;em&gt;includes&lt;/em&gt; parents.  Looking at the primary definition from RAE (emphasis added):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Respecto de una persona, se dice de cada uno de &lt;strong&gt;los ascendientes&lt;/strong&gt;, descendientes y colaterales de su misma familia, ya sea por consanguinidad o afinidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;los ascendientes&lt;/strong&gt; certainly includes parents (as well as grand parents, great-grand parents, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T16:08:01.883" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7073" CreationDate="2014-06-26T23:55:41.240" Score="0" ViewCount="3853" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that they both refer to noodles, but would they be different kinds of noodles? For instance, one might be long and thin, while the other might be flat and wide?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T04:22:20.250" Title="What's the difference between &quot;fideos&quot; and &quot;tallarines&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2014-06-27T00:30:17.867" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto me imagino que sea distinto depende de la región, te explico en Cuba como se conocen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los fideos son los que usamos para la sopa, son mucho más delgado que los espaguetis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FDJc1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los tallarines son de forma aplastada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9wVzx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y los espaguetis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l7oL4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos así es en Cuba como se conocen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T00:30:17.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6922" CreationDate="2014-06-27T01:03:16.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Inglatierra es una parte de la Gran Britanica, que incluye tambien, Galles, y Escocia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el  Reino Unido refiere a la gran Britanica y la Irlanda del norte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un inglés viene de la Inglatierra. Un británico viene de la gran Britanica or Irlanda del norte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un inglés es siempre un británico, pero muchos británicos no son ingleses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T01:08:47.170" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T01:08:47.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7078" CreationDate="2014-06-27T14:14:09.347" Score="12" ViewCount="55205" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that they both refer to &quot;beans.&quot; But there are several types of beans. For instance, there are round, &quot;starchy&quot; kidney type beans. And there are long, stringy &quot;green&quot; beans. Could &quot;frijoles&quot; refer to one type of beans and &quot;habichuelas&quot; the other type? How do you tell the difference between them, and maybe &quot;third&quot; types of beans?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-05-21T14:23:05.323" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T01:49:01.680" Title="What is the difference between frijoles and habichuelas?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2014-06-27T14:38:41.770" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Frijol&quot; is not a common word in Spain, where we use mostly &quot;judía&quot; (also &quot;haba&quot; or &quot;alubia&quot; depending on zones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the long, green pod (containing small beans):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aFlM1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aFlM1m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;&lt;strong&gt;judía&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (and its american synonym &quot;&lt;strong&gt;frijol&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) is the single bean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PZtwA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PZtwAm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a wide variety of both pods and beans, in size, shape and colour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T15:40:26.727" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:40:26.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2014-06-27T15:16:54.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, at least in my region, Andalucía, it's quite different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tallarines&quot; is a type of pasta long and flat, but we referred that only in the asiatic case. In other cases, we used the italian word &quot;tagliatelle&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;Fideos&quot; we understand the kind of pasta you use in a soup. Usually they are tiny and short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cubadebate.cu/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Fideos-AA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cubadebate.cu/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Fideos-AA.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the long and thing kind we use &quot;Espaguetis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to your question will depend on the region you want to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T15:16:54.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2014-06-27T15:53:39.360" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the great extension of territories where Spanish is spoken, there are for a single type of food, many ways to name it, according to the country (or region in a single one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also an opposite case: the same word refers, in two regions, to different varieties of the same food, or even to two different ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your specific question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frijol&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how in México is called many varietis of &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Phaseolus vulgaris&quot;&gt;Phaseolus vulgaris&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FTVUo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FTVUom.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Obtenido desde www.recetasgourmet.com.ar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as I've already said, this food is called with these different ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Chile (my own country), and Argentina: &lt;strong&gt;poroto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Perú: &lt;strong&gt;frejol&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;fréjol&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spain: &lt;strong&gt;judía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Venezuela: &lt;strong&gt;caraota negra&lt;/strong&gt; to the black variation of this food.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Puerto Rico: &lt;strong&gt;frijol&lt;/strong&gt; only to the black ones; &lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt; to all the other ones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habichuela&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to what I've found, in most places &lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt; is called the same Phaseoulus vulgaris, but when served green, inside its pod.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Chile it's called &lt;strong&gt;poroto verde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T15:43:21.343" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:43:21.343" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7079" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7083" CreationDate="2014-06-27T16:27:06.057" Score="2" ViewCount="4427" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;standard&quot; word I was taught is azul. But the nearest English equivalent is azure, which means &lt;em&gt;light&lt;/em&gt; (sky) blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, a reference to &quot;dark&quot; blue might be &quot;navy blue.&quot; I believe that there is a Spanish word, añil, that means &quot;dark blue.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So English makes a distinction between &quot;azure&quot; and &quot;navy blue.&quot; Does Spanish make a similar distinction using &quot;azul&quot; and &quot;añil&quot; or any other words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T10:43:32.580" Title="What are ways to say &quot;blue&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7079" CreationDate="2014-06-27T16:31:26.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, you could have three ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Azul&lt;/strong&gt;: is the blue color.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azul_marino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Azul marino&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Azul ultramar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: is a darker blue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_%28color%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Celeste&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: is a very light version of blue: &lt;em&gt;light-blue&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;sky-blue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguamarina_%28color%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calipso&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Aguamarina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: a light version of blue-green. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia, you can analyse a broader list of colors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo%3aColores#Azules_claros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lista de azules claros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo%3aColores#Azules_medianos_y_oscuros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Azules medianos y oscuros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I've never heard nor read about &lt;em&gt;añil&lt;/em&gt; until your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T16:39:13.200" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T16:39:13.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1324" CreationDate="2014-06-27T18:16:42.260" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A way to refer to a Spanish &lt;strong&gt;speaker&lt;/strong&gt; person is &quot;hispanohablante.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was a German saying that &quot;Whoever speaks German is German.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;hispanohablante&quot; gets around the tricky issues of &quot;descent&quot; or &quot;location.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T17:54:55.357" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T17:54:55.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7043" CreationDate="2014-06-28T00:18:13.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give you a simple answer, &quot;parientes&quot; always means &quot;relatives&quot;. Yes, your parents could be your relatives and all of that, but we (in México) never use it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4212" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T00:18:13.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7079" CreationDate="2014-06-28T10:43:32.580" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Color classification and labelling are subjects of endless debate, even between people that &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.xkcd.com/2010/05/03/color-survey-results/&quot;&gt;talk the same language&lt;/a&gt;, so when there is a translation, you can imagine the difficulties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that it makes no sense to try and match all the color expressions from one language to the other, because that match will be different for every bilingual person you ask, or for every pair of speakers you try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My idea for translation is that &lt;em&gt;basic abstract color terms&lt;/em&gt;, that is, words that refer only to a color, without any additional adjective, should be translated as is, if the word is available in the target language. That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;blue -&gt; azul&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;green -&gt; verde&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yellow -&gt; amarillo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;red -&gt; rojo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;white -&gt; blanco &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;black -&gt; negro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gray -&gt; gris&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;brown -&gt; marrón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no point in trying to add details to a word that has none in the original. Plain &quot;blue&quot; may mean a lighter or darker tone, depending on the person talking, their cultural background, and even their sex or their mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, colors that refer to a flower, a fruit or a dye should be translated to the equivalent item, if it is available:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;orange -&gt; naranja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pistacchio -&gt; pistacho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;violet -&gt; violeta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;indigo -&gt; añil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;purple -&gt; púrpura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives should be translated literally, if it makes sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;light blue -&gt; azul claro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dark blue -&gt; azul oscuro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;navy blue -&gt; azul marino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But note that &lt;em&gt;bright&lt;/em&gt; in English is much more used than &lt;em&gt;brillante&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. I would use &lt;em&gt;claro&lt;/em&gt; as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bright green -&gt; verde claro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some common colors should be translated with common sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;navy -&gt; azul marino (in Spanish you do not use just &quot;marino&quot; as a color).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pink -&gt; rosa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rosy brown -&gt; rosa palo (?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturally, there are times where this will look weird, because in one language the term is usual but in the other it is obscure, so translation discretion is advised:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;magenta -&gt; magenta? lila?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cyan -&gt; cian? celeste? cerúleo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, some color idioms are invented on the spot or impossible to translate, so you will have to use imagination there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your suggestion about &quot;azure&quot;, I find it unusual in English, and the tone is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azure_%28color%29&quot;&gt;no so unambiuous, anyway&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T10:43:32.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7090" CreationDate="2014-06-29T10:07:55.517" Score="2" ViewCount="461" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm referring to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0287467/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Almodóvar's picture&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And I've been wondering:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd person imperative of the verb &lt;code&gt;hablar&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;habla&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;hable&lt;/code&gt; is the 3rd person imperative form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is he using a 3rd person here. As if it's referring to &lt;code&gt;Ud.&lt;/code&gt;? But why?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T14:54:10.673" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T14:54:10.673" Title="&quot;Hable con ella&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7088" CreationDate="2014-06-29T10:14:47.007" Score="5" ViewCount="2149" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK, I know about the differences and I know a little bit about the situation in the Spanish-speaking world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing though is that &lt;strong&gt;I'm moving to Spain in a few months&lt;/strong&gt; (do not know the exact location yet) and I've been studying Spanish (by myself) for the past 2-3 months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, which pronunciation should I focus on then?  Ceceo, seseo, or &quot;distinción&quot; (that is, distinguishing s from z/c)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I use the &lt;code&gt;th&lt;/code&gt; 's' (as this seems to be the most &quot;standard&quot; variation being spoken), or should I learn to speak with &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; 's'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It's not a matter of preference. I just need to make sure I learn the most &quot;proper&quot; version of the language (as far as Spain goes) and sound as much as a native as possible, so that I can adjust better. (going to Spain and sounding like an... argentinian, because of a &quot;wrong&quot; decision, it's not something I'd like, by any means...)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, any suggestions/ideas are more than welcome! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T19:05:03.497" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T19:05:03.497" Title="Ceceo vs Seseo vs &quot;distinción&quot; - which school to follow?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7085" CreationDate="2014-06-29T11:54:39.413" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can not recommend you which one if you do not know the exact location. Should I learn the northern, southern or central British accent if I go to England? I guess the same can be applied to your country, Peloponnesian, Cretan, Northern ... Depending on the zone you can check out this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3477/por-qu%C3%A9-el-ceceo-solo-se-da-en-espa%C3%B1a&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if it were for me I will choose the &quot;standard&quot; Spanish, which is neither &lt;code&gt;ceceo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;seseo&lt;/code&gt; and should be the school to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispanico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;, work undertaken by the Royal Spanish Academy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es por ello la expresión culta formal la que constituye el &lt;strong&gt;español estándar&lt;/strong&gt;: la lengua que todos empleamos, o aspiramos a emplear, cuando sentimos la necesidad de expresarnos con corrección; &lt;strong&gt;la lengua que se enseña en las escuelas&lt;/strong&gt;; la que, con mayor o menor acierto, utilizamos al hablar en público o emplean los medios de comunicación; la lengua de los ensayos y de los libros científicos y técnicos. &lt;strong&gt;Es, en definitiva, la que configura la norma&lt;/strong&gt;, el código compartido que hace posible que hispanohablantes de muy distintas procedencias se entiendan sin dificultad y se reconozcan miembros de una misma comunidad lingüística.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this standard there are phonetic distinctions that are not considered in &lt;code&gt;ceceo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;seseo&lt;/code&gt;. because they ignore them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-06-29T12:09:39.563" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7085" CreationDate="2014-06-29T19:27:34.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is to go ahead and practice speaking &lt;em&gt;con distinción&lt;/em&gt; (that is, distinguishing &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;z/c&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not going to be as important to others understanding you. There are only a handful of real possibilities for confusion when you speak with &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; (I would not recommend to anyone learning with &lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt;), and it's not like Spaniards don't ever talk to people from &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; regions (which constitute the vast majority of the modern Spanish-speaking world). Most of the examples that people use are pretty &lt;em&gt;rebuscados&lt;/em&gt;, and are as common as confusions with &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (again, rare).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason it will be important, or better said useful, is it will help you understand the distinction better without having to think twice. A lot of Americans do get confused initially going over to Spain because &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; sounds like our &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; sounds like our &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; sounds like a Scotsman's &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; (that is [χ]). If you're mentally already thinking about those sounds, you'll have no problem at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-06-29T19:27:34.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7084" CreationDate="2014-06-29T19:36:10.417" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Trying to keep things very generic and spoiler free-ish). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The person that says &quot;Hable con ella&quot; is a caregiver hired by one of the characters. It's a professional relationship, and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is the proper treatment in such a context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T22:41:23.990" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T22:41:23.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7095" CreationDate="2014-06-30T00:25:11.480" Score="4" ViewCount="1290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm simultaneously reading &quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot; in English and Spanish (&quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came acorss this translation for &quot;film of dust&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;pelicula de polvo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this accurate? I know that &quot;film&quot; can mean &quot;movie&quot; in English, but is it also true of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T12:39:20.390" Title="Is the Spanish word for &quot;film&quot; really the same word as for &quot;movie&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7101" CreationDate="2014-06-30T00:27:14.047" Score="1" ViewCount="1924" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot; (&quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot;, the English &quot;piece of pie&quot; is translated as &quot;trozo de pastel.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that &quot;pastel&quot; is cake, not pie. Is there really no Spanish word dedicated to pie, so that the word for cake must be used as a substitute?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T07:18:36.807" Title="Is Pie an unknown dessert in Mexico/Spanish-speaking countries?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7096" CreationDate="2014-06-30T00:30:58.430" Score="4" ViewCount="403" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this sentence in &quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot; (Spanish translation of &quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los humorísticos y viejos ojos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have expected &quot;the old humorous old eyes&quot; to have been translated as &lt;code&gt;Los ojos viejos y humorísticos&lt;/code&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do the adjectives precede the noun in this case? Is there a rule for when this is acceptable/required to reverse the normal Spanish noun/adjective construct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T14:17:25.240" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T14:17:25.240" Title="Can adjectives be placed before nouns in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7092" CreationDate="2014-06-30T02:03:22.747" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word for Pie is pay pronounced pie. And if the translation of that idiom is different well that's because it's an idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T02:03:22.747" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7091" CreationDate="2014-06-30T03:45:07.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is. It means both movie and coating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vamos a ver una película - Let's watch a movie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T03:45:07.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7093" CreationDate="2014-06-30T04:03:37.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certain adjectives like the unstressed possessives must go in front (&lt;em&gt;mi, tu, su, etc&lt;/em&gt;). Quantity indicators also normally go in front (&lt;em&gt;mucho, poco&lt;/em&gt;) as well as numbers, both cardinal and ordinal, and the adjectives &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt;. You may occasionally find them after nouns but it's less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other adjectives, placement in front tends to shift meaning from mere description to making the adjective a bit more inherent/intrinsic/defining to the noun. For example, &lt;em&gt;el gato negro&lt;/em&gt; is a cat who happens to be black. &lt;em&gt;El negro gato&lt;/em&gt; is a cat whose principle and/or defining characteristic is its blackness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In poetry, placement will often be quite arbitrary to better fit the meter/rhyme. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T04:52:58.517" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T04:52:58.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7130" CreationDate="2014-06-30T04:24:45.650" Score="3" ViewCount="116866" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre que pienso en decir &quot;más o menos&quot; sólo pienso en &quot;more or less&quot; pero no estoy seguro de que sea la traducción correcta. Entonces ¿Cómo se dice en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T19:44:15.253" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;más o menos&quot; en inglés?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-07-05T14:50:28.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2014-06-30T04:50:31.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si, es significa &quot;more or less&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T04:50:31.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2014-06-30T04:51:45.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;More or less&quot; is perfectly acceptable and normal English. You'll also hear &quot;give or take,&quot; &quot;just about&quot; or &quot;plus or minus (a quantitifier)&quot; with quantities, or &quot;pretty much&quot; when speaking of things that are qualitatively similar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="2181" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T18:51:53.207" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:51:53.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7093" CreationDate="2014-06-30T07:09:45.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends on the function of the adjective. If it is qualifying the name (qualifier), then it must come after the name. E.g. &lt;em&gt;el coche blanco&lt;/em&gt; means that, of all the cars, you are talking about the white one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you are using the adjective to remark some characteristic (epithete), it can go after or before the noun. In your example, it is clear which eyes you are referring to without the need for adjectives; you are talking about the eyes of the turtle. You only use the adjectives to remark some of their properties which may be important or interesting for what you are saying about them. In this case, the adjectives can be used before the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, in Spanish is not so usual to put more than one adjective in front of a name. In this case, &lt;em&gt;Los viejos ojos humorísticos&lt;/em&gt; would sound more natural, in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T07:09:45.727" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7092" CreationDate="2014-06-30T07:18:36.807" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have two words: &lt;em&gt;pastel&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tarta&lt;/em&gt;. There is not an exact correspondence between the English words &lt;em&gt;pie&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cake&lt;/em&gt; and these two. For instance, an apple pie would be &lt;em&gt;tarta de manzana&lt;/em&gt;, but a meat pie would be &lt;em&gt;pastel de carne&lt;/em&gt;. So your translation might be correct or not depending on the kind of pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T07:18:36.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-30T10:49:01.243" Score="6" ViewCount="989" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &quot;Los mares del Sur&quot;, de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y otras veces, cuando se enamoraba de alguien concreto, de pronto&#xA;  tenía la sensación de que le estaba esperando en un punto exacto de la&#xA;  ciudad, generalmente en el puerto, y acudía allí con el reloj&#xA;  impaciente, convencido de que se cumpliría la cita telúrica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero según la rae, telúrico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la Tierra como planeta.&#xA;2. adj. Perteneciente o relativo al telurismo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y telurismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. m. Influencia del suelo de una comarca sobre sus habitantes.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significado tiene aquí telúrico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4221" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T10:47:09.200" Title="Significado de &quot;cita telúrica&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7102" CreationDate="2014-06-30T15:06:07.237" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me da la impresión que la RAE nos da una definición demasiado estrecha, pues la raiz latina Tellus viene a significar tanto &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_%28mythology%29&quot;&gt;la deidad de la Madre Tierra&lt;/a&gt; (y de ahí cabe generalizar al planeta tierra) como el nombre común 'suelo' o territorio (ver enlace anterior), al que hace referencia la segunda definición. Es este origen divino de Tellus el que nos permite utilizar el adjetivo telúrico como relativo a la tierra como entidad capaz de interactuar con las personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi impresión es que el autor utiliza el término '&lt;em&gt;cita telúrica&lt;/em&gt;', quizá con cierta dosis de licencia poética, para dar a entender que la cita es más con el lugar que con la otra persona, que, según leemos, no necesariamente va a acudir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T15:16:34.987" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T15:16:34.987" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7091" CreationDate="2014-06-30T16:01:37.667" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase which you are looking for, &quot;film of dust,&quot; can use both &quot;película&quot; AND &quot;capa,&quot; the latter being the better choice.  It refers to a light coating of dust on something (remember that &lt;em&gt;The Grapes of Wrath&lt;/em&gt; is set during the Dust Bowl).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, one rendering in Spanish of &quot;film of dust&quot; would be &quot;una capa de polvo.&quot;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Todo estaba cubierto por una ligera capa de polvo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to consider the context of the word/phrase, then cross-reference your rendition in the other language to be sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4223" LastEditorUserId="4223" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T22:18:04.920" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T22:18:04.920" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7091" CreationDate="2014-06-30T22:11:23.707" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I checked three online translating sites, and it seems babylon.com could be the most useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.translate.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.translate.com/&lt;/a&gt; says &quot;movie&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bing translator gives &quot;feminine film; movie; ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://translation.babylon.com/spanish/to-english/pelicula/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://translation.babylon.com/spanish/to-english/pelicula/&lt;/a&gt; says:&#xA;film, thin coating, thin layer; membrane; thin flexible material coated with light sensitive emulsion (Photography); motion picture, movie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T22:11:23.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="471" CreationDate="2014-06-30T22:30:37.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Texas I hear &quot;frasco&quot; mostly for this type of container.  &quot;Lata,&quot; to my knowledge, is always made of some type of metal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One can put almost anything inside a &quot;frasco.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4223" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T22:30:37.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7108" CreationDate="2014-07-01T16:45:13.183" Score="4" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when referring to a sentence written in French, I could say &quot;the French sentence&quot; or &quot;the sentence in French&quot;. English is not my first language, but I think those two variants can be used interchangeably. Does the same apply to Spanish, i.e. could I use both &quot;la frase francesa&quot; and &quot;la frase en francés&quot;, or is one better/more idiomatic than the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4229" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T20:08:09.297" Title="&quot;la frase francesa&quot; or &quot;la frase en francés&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7107" CreationDate="2014-07-01T17:19:55.033" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both can be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;em&gt;en francés&lt;/em&gt; is much better, mainly because when using the adjective form, it could be interpretted either as a phrase either rendered in the French language (&lt;em&gt;en la lengua francesa&lt;/em&gt;) or as a phrase with its origin in France (&lt;em&gt;del país francés&lt;/em&gt;) which may or may not be rendered in the French language:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la frase española&lt;/em&gt;: maybe in Spanish, maybe a Spanish saying&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la frase en español&lt;/em&gt;: definitely in Spanish (may or may not be from Spain)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la frase de España&lt;/em&gt;: definitely from Spain (may or may not be in Spanish)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T17:19:55.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-07-02T08:27:58.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it is true that the &quot;y&quot; and &quot;ll&quot; are pronounced as a palatalized English J, in practice the difference is small enough to make it irrelevant. For example, when I was a kid I used to live abroad and essentially grew up not speaking Spanish, so I tend to pronounce it as an English J. Pretty much the only relevant difference is how these letters are pronounced as a &quot;SH&quot; in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and this one is readily distinguishable and easy to spot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T08:27:58.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7102" CreationDate="2014-07-02T08:38:01.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se contestó en el Centro Virtual Cervantes, en el Foro del Español (pregunta 187291 de Luis Lop):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.187291. De una novela de Vázquez Montalbán: «Cita telúrica»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La dirección de este mensaje es:&#xA;  «&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187291&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187291&lt;/a&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Título: De una novela de Vázquez Montalbán: «Cita telúrica»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Autor: Luis Lop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fecha y hora: lunes, 30 de junio de 2014, 13:01 h&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &quot;Los mares del Sur&quot;, de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Y otras veces, cuando se enamoraba de alguien concreto, de pronto&#xA;  tenía la sensación de que le estaba esperando en un punto exacto de la&#xA;  ciudad, generalmente en el puerto, y acudía allí con el reloj&#xA;  impaciente, convencido de que se cumpliría la cita telúrica.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero según la rae, telúrico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la Tierra como planeta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al telurismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y telurismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Influencia del suelo de una comarca sobre sus habitantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué significado tiene aquí telúrico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;telúrico&quot; significa &quot;inexorable&quot;. &lt;em&gt;cf&lt;/em&gt;. respuestas de Noel Torres e Ignacio Frías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.187300. Re: De una novela de Vázquez Montalbán: «Cita telúrica»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La dirección de este mensaje es:&#xA;  «&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187300&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187300&lt;/a&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Título: Telúrico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Autor: Noel Torres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fecha y hora: lunes, 30 de junio de 2014, 16:24 h&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ocasiones, el adjetivo 'telúrico', sobre todo en literatura, se&#xA;  utiliza para dar a entender que algo tiene la fuerza o la&#xA;  inevitabilidad &quot;movimientos telúricos&quot;. Así, una cita telúrica sería&#xA;  una cita tan inevitable como el movimiento de los continentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.187314.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Re: De una novela de Vázquez Montalbán: «Cita telúrica»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La dirección de este mensaje es:&#xA;  «&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187314&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer1.asp?vId=187314&lt;/a&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Título: Buenos días, Noel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Autor: Ignacio Frías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fecha y hora: martes, 01 de julio de 2014, 10:03 h&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;inexorable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que no se puede evitar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saludos Ignacio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="2104" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T10:47:09.200" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T10:47:09.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7091" CreationDate="2014-07-02T08:44:41.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The spanish word '&lt;em&gt;película&lt;/em&gt;' means any thin coating or thin layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as in english a celluloid film is the transparent layer used to record a movie (in its original form), in spanish the word '&lt;em&gt;película&lt;/em&gt;' was used for &quot;movie&quot; by metonymy from &quot;film&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the original meaning &quot;film&quot; is in perfect usage, like in this '&lt;em&gt;película de polvo&lt;/em&gt;'. See also '&lt;em&gt;película de jabón&lt;/em&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T08:44:41.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7091" CreationDate="2014-07-02T18:06:52.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the word &quot;film&quot; may mean a thin layer covering a surface (such as &quot;a film or dust&quot;) or movie. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in Spanish, the word &quot;pelicula&quot; may mean a thin layer covering a surface (as in &quot;una película de polvo&quot;) or movie. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4234" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:06:52.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2014-07-02T18:17:09.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor traducción es &quot;more or less&quot;. La expresión se dice con frecuencia en Inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4234" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:17:09.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7115" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-02T20:12:33.590" Score="13" ViewCount="4565" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the main differences between Spanish and Ladino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I would be able to hear the difference in Ladino podcasts, but I don't. Both languages sound the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4234" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-18T09:50:55.530" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T11:58:49.887" Title="What is the difference between Spanish and Ladino?" Tags="&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7115" CreationDate="2014-07-02T21:06:58.130" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, Ladino is ancient Spanish, you can see antique pronunciations or archaic words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words written with J in Spanish were written with X some centuries ago for example &quot;Tixera&quot; &gt; &quot;Tijera&quot;, &quot;Alexandro&quot; &gt; &quot;Alejandro&quot;, &quot;Muxer&quot; &gt; &quot;Mujer&quot; and pronounced as SH, they still have that sound or the sound of the french J&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words written with H as &quot;Hoja&quot;, &quot;Hijo&quot;, &quot;Hacer&quot; they still have the antique pronunciation with F &quot;Foja&quot;, &quot;Fijo&quot;, &quot;Fazer&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Old words such as &quot;Cirguela&quot; for &quot;Ciruela&quot; or small differences between the Spanish word and the Ladino one like &quot;donde&quot; [Spanish] and &quot;onde&quot; [Ladino].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-06-15T10:55:15.393" LastActivityDate="2020-06-15T10:55:15.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7115" CreationDate="2014-07-03T07:15:39.553" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is the old Castilian language, a Romance one, related to Portuguese, Galician and Catalan, with influences from Arabic and French, and &lt;strong&gt;which has evolved naturally since&lt;/strong&gt;, spoken nowadays in Spain, Hispanic America (including South of USA), Equatorial Guinea and Philippines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ladino is the same old Castilian language, also romance, also related to Portuguese, Galician and Catalan, with the same influences from Arabic but less influence from French, &lt;strong&gt;which has not evolved since Ferdinand and Isabella expelled jews from Spain in 1492&lt;/strong&gt;, spoken nowadays by sephardi jews (they called Spain as Sefarad, hence the name they give to theirselves).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, the answer from Jaime Cruz Triana is correct in that Ladino is ancient Spanish, and the historic reason is that Jews expelled in 1492 retained their language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T22:43:40.753" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T22:43:40.753" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7119" CreationDate="2014-07-03T23:33:49.063" Score="0" ViewCount="3201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across the following translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cordero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;carnero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;oveja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am positive they cannot all be exactly the same thing. Can someone please help me understand the differences, however minor? And if at all they happen to be the same thing what's the usage preference in Mexican Spanish? Please mention your country/region in your answer to help understand if there's any regional nuance to your usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T00:19:55.917" Title="Spanish for &quot;goat&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-07-10T15:07:11.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7118" CreationDate="2014-07-04T00:19:55.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &quot;cabra&quot;, that's the most universal word for goat.&#xA;The other words are not goat exactly, such as &quot;oveja&quot; is sheep or &quot;cordero&quot; is baby sheep.&#xA;I'm from Argentina.&#xA;Hope this is helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4239" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T00:19:55.917" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7121" CreationDate="2014-07-04T01:17:07.223" Score="2" ViewCount="597" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Steinbeck's &quot;&lt;strong&gt;The Grapes of Wrath&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; one sentence says, &quot;&lt;em&gt;My woman's cousin was in McAlester an' they give him hell.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Las Uvas de le Ira&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) translation is: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;El primo de mi mujer estuvo alli y lo paso fatal.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds to me like the cat croaked. Isn't it saying, &quot;My woman's cousin was there and it proved fatal for him.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is &quot;paso fatal&quot; really a good translation for &quot;give [sic] him hell&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T11:42:00.437" Title="Is this translation saying the guy died?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2014-07-04T02:35:53.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends, I'm from Argentina and we don't use that expression, though it's correct. Personally I would go for a more  universal translation such as &quot;El primo de mi mujer estuvo en McAlester y lo trataron muy mal&quot;. I'm not sure about the context of the sentence, but the difference between what I wrote and the translation you found is that mine conveys the sense that this person had a terrible time because of the people there. The translation you found says that he had a terrible time, doesn't say why.&#xA;Hope this helps!&#xA;Edit: Forgot to say that &quot;lo pasó fatal&quot; translates to &quot;he had a terrible time&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4239" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T02:35:53.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7131" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:01:46.663" Score="4" ViewCount="1741" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's the name of a well-known movie from Colombia and also happens to be one of my biggest favorites. But I have always struggled to understand how it translates to &quot;María, Full of Grace&quot; in English. What purpose is that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;eres&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; serving there? Shouldn't it just be called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;María, Llena de Gracia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T20:12:43.053" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T14:57:15.087" Title="&quot;María Llena Eres de Gracia&quot; in English" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:04:29.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I have no idea what &quot;The cat croaked&quot; means haha[I have my theories]. Second, &quot;fatal&quot; in spanish it is not only related to death, here &quot;lo pasó fatal&quot; just means that &quot;he spent that time in a very terrible way&quot;. It's a good translation, it seems to me that it's from Spain. I agree with Eleyson that &quot;El primo de mi mujer estuvo en McAlester y lo trataron muy mal&quot; it's more accurate because specify &quot;who gave him hell&quot; and the other one don't but both sound good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-07-04T05:18:25.723" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T05:18:25.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7122" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:13:06.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually &quot;María llena eres de gracia&quot; it's a part of a prayer dedicated towards Mother Mary called &quot;Ave María&quot; or &quot;Hail Mary&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Dios te salve María&#xA;llena eres de gracia&#xA;el Señor es contigo;&#xA;bendita tú eres &#xA;entre todas las mujeres,&#xA;y bendito es el fruto &#xA;de tu vientre, Jesús. &#xA;Santa María, Madre de Dios,&#xA;ruega por nosotros pecadores,&#xA;ahora y en la hora&#xA;de nuestra muerte. &#xA;Amén&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for why the word &quot;eres&quot; is in that sentence, I'm inclined to say that is old Spanish, since this prayer is taken from the bible. It's a way of saying you are full of grace. If there is anyone who can confirm this that would be great.&#xA;Hope this helps somehow!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4239" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T13:38:10.807" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T13:38:10.807" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7122" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:13:08.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's The &quot;Hail Mary&quot;, which in Spanish goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios te salve, &lt;b&gt;María,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  llena eres de gracia&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el Señor es contigo (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a full explanation of why the Spanish prayer is worded like that (using &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), please see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/7122/mar%C3%ADa-llena-eres-de-gracia-in-english/7131#7131&quot;&gt;guifa's answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T14:57:15.087" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T14:57:15.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7128" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:33:29.180" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an example of such online libraries but in other languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://unitproj.library.ucla.edu/dlib/minasian/list_mss.cfm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manuscripts in Persian or Arabic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May you offer some places that I can find &lt;strong&gt;papers in Spanish ?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether online (free) or for sale? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2451" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T19:07:08.800" LastActivityDate="2018-07-02T19:12:21.607" Title="Library of old scanned manuscripts or handwritings in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;escritura-manuscrita&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:38:54.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Jaime as the translation would be a much closer reference to &quot;El primo de mi mujer estuvo en McAlester y lo trataron muy mal&quot; and I'd also say that the use of the word &quot;fatal&quot; may not always be linked to death, it can be linked to bad luck, misfortune or any general shock that may occur.  The statement in question &quot;Lo paso fatal&quot; would be best linked to a person &quot;El primo de mi mujer&quot; have a tough/bad/&quot;fatal&quot; spending of time in that place which may further be linked to a death but not in direct reference therefore you can never be too sure through the way in which the text is written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4241" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T05:38:54.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7126" CreationDate="2014-07-04T05:57:59.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pares.mcu.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PARES - Portal de Archivos Españoles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bne.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BNE - Biblioteca Nacional de España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Biblioteca Digital del Real Jardín Botánico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T19:12:21.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-02T19:12:21.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2014-07-04T20:50:40.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más o menos&lt;/em&gt; means at least two different things in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it is used as a synonym of &quot;aproximadamente&quot; (&quot;approximately&quot;), &quot;more or less&quot; is a fine English translation. For instance, &quot;está a más o menos cinco kilómetros de aquí&quot; can be translated as &quot;it's more or less five kilometers from here.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when it is used to mean &quot;no muy bien,&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;more or less&lt;/em&gt; is wrong.&lt;/strong&gt; Correct alternatives include &quot;not too good&quot; and &quot;so-so&quot;. Imagine someone asked you &quot;¿Cómo estás?&quot; If you weren't doing too well you could indeed say &quot;más o menos.&quot; But if someone asked &quot;How are you?&quot; you can't say &quot;more or less&quot; in idiomatic English: you can use one of alternatives mentioned above (there are plenty of other ways to say the same thing as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T19:44:15.253" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T19:44:15.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7122" CreationDate="2014-07-05T20:05:26.433" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because that's how the original prayer was translated to Spanish.  In English, the same prayer is translated &quot;Hail Mary, full of grace&quot;, hence the English translation matching the common English prayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longer answer&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(regarding the syntax)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern Spanish generally uses what's called a SVO structure (&lt;em&gt;subject-verb-object&lt;/em&gt;), and more specifically what could be called SVDI (&lt;em&gt;subject - verb - direct object - indirect object&lt;/em&gt;).  This is seen in sentences like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;(Juan) &lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;(dio) &lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;(los libros) &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;(a María)&quot;.  That said, Spanish does allow free ordering of those four elements.  The only restriction is that if the objects come in front of the verb, they must — with a handful of exceptions — also be included as an object pronoun (hence, the IOVD option &quot;A María los libros se los dio Juan&quot; obligates &lt;em&gt;se los&lt;/em&gt; in front of &lt;em&gt;dio&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other type of element that can move around freely (besides adverbs — out of the scope of this response) are predicative nominatives.  They function like (in)direct objects most of the time with a few small differences.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  The sentence you're asking about is &quot;llena eres de gracias&quot;.  &lt;em&gt;Llena&lt;/em&gt; represents a predicate nominative.  Summed up, we have PnV with implied S (tú).   We could respin that and get SVPn which is more common: &quot;Tú eres llena de gracia&quot;.  We could also do VSPn: &quot;Eres tú llena de gracia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some sentence structures are quite common.  OVS is of course the norm with gustar-type verbs.  SVO is common for declarative.  VOS is most common for interrogative.  Others are heard frequently, even if not the default.  Some of the rarer orders will normally be used when you want to give particular emphasis to one element or another, although it's difficult to explain the exact rules governing that and I'd recommend just going with what you see others use for contrast/emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longer answer&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(regarding the use of&lt;/em&gt; ser &lt;em&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While indeed at first glance it may seem like the verb should be &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, this is clear example of where you can't look at &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; as permanent and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; as temporary.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;  Also, it's important to remember that while some adjectives will almost always be used with one or the other, others can have drastic changes in meaning.  When in doubt, one thing I've found is you can often sneak in the word &quot;una persona&quot; / &quot;una mujer&quot; / un hombre&quot; before and the rationale for &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; will pop out pretty clearly (and also completely contraindicate &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María, tú eres &lt;em&gt;una mujer&lt;/em&gt; llena de gracia. (good)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*María, tú estás &lt;em&gt;una mujer&lt;/em&gt; llena de gracias. (bad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. One of the main differences is that its object pronoun is generally the neuter &quot;lo&quot;: ¿Es María llena de gracia?  Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es. (although, in reality, you'd rarely use the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; in this case).  Also, a predicative nominative generally doesn't ever appear with its object pronoun simultaneously.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. That's probably one of the worst ways, actually, to describe the difference between the two because of the proliferation of contraindications.  If any quick difference is to be used, I'd recommend going with the English cognates: state/estar, and essence/ser.  The nature of pizza (its essence) is that it's hot, while ice cream is cold.  Hence &quot;La pizza es caliente y el helado es frío&quot; when describing them generally.  But the state of something need not line up with its nature.  My slice of pizza may be hot or cold, and in describing that state, I'll use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T13:42:23.217" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T13:42:23.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7137" CreationDate="2014-07-06T04:00:34.877" Score="0" ViewCount="2268" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salida del Sol&quot; is sunrise - but doesn't that literally mean &quot;Exit of the Sun&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't sunrise &quot;Entrada del Sol&quot; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T22:02:06.370" Title="Why isn't sunrise &quot;Entrada del Sol&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7133" CreationDate="2014-07-06T04:39:44.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &quot;Salida&quot; mean &quot;Exit&quot; but &quot;Salida&quot; here is like &quot;The coming out&quot;, for example &quot;La salida es el viernes por la mañana&quot; it's &quot;The trip is on friday morning&quot; because in a trip we are going out somewhere. So, here the sun is coming out of where is hidden. In spanish we can say that the sun &quot;Sale en la mañana&quot; in the rise and &quot;se mete&quot; or &quot;se oculta en la noche&quot; in the sunset so it's like saying the sun comes out and the sun hides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T22:02:06.370" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T22:02:06.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7147" CreationDate="2014-07-07T02:04:20.030" Score="3" ViewCount="1697" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué:&#xA;¿Viste a Juan?&#xA;Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; vi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Le dijiste a Juan?&#xA;Sí, &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dije.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que Juan es el receptor del verbo en ambas oraciones, entonces no entiendo por qué en una se utiliza &quot;lo&quot; de complemento directo, y en la otra &quot;le&quot; de complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T09:36:23.127" Title="¿Por qué es &quot;lo vi&quot; pero &quot;le dije&quot;?" Tags="&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7133" CreationDate="2014-07-07T02:36:12.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because there are another words that can be used, and less used by people I copy two paragraphs from &lt;em&gt;Ministerio de Fomento&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fomento.es/MFOM/LANG_CASTELLANO/DIRECCIONES_GENERALES/INSTITUTO_GEOGRAFICO/Astronomia/publico/efemerides/orto.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orto (salida) del Sol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denominamos orto o salida del sol al instante que corresponde a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la aparición del borde superior del Sol en un horizonte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;(*) hipotético en que no se considera el relieve del horizonte real, ni obstáculos cercanos (casas, árboles), ni la presencia de nubes o niebla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fomento.es/MFOM/LANG_CASTELLANO/DIRECCIONES_GENERALES/INSTITUTO_GEOGRAFICO/Astronomia/publico/efemerides/ocaso.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ocaso (puesta) del Sol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denominamos ocaso o puesta del sol al instante que corresponde a la desaparición del borde superior del Sol en un horizonte hipotético en que no se considera el relieve del horizonte real, ni obstáculos cercanos (casas, árboles), ni la presencia de nubes o niebla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation you are doing is the first meaning of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/salir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Pasar de dentro a fuera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we consider &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; as the visible part and &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt; as the hidden part, but in this case we use the 5th meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Aparecer, manifestarse, descubrirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*)&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Sun appears on the horizon.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Sol aparece/sale por el horizonte &gt; Salida del Sol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T16:58:17.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7138" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-07-07T02:37:46.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Complemento Directo u Objeto Directo (C.D. u O.D.) es la parte de la oración que recibe de manera directa y en primer lugar la acción del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T10:19:20.313" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T10:19:20.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7139" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-07-07T02:37:46.740" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el complemento directo (u objecto directo)" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:20:17.250" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:20:17.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7140" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-07T03:51:27.300" Score="3" ViewCount="18058" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Arriba. abajo, al centro y adentro&quot; o &quot;pa dentro&quot; Tengo mucha curiosidad sobre esa forma de brindar. En México se usa en contextos muy reducidos vinculados con exceso alcohol o en forma de juego; en Argentina y Uruguay en cambio está más extendido y puede usarse en más situaciones como en familia y con amigos principalmente con vino la situación es parecida en España. Podrían decirme ¿en qué otros países se utiliza y cuál es el origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T07:53:22.240" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T13:12:39.077" Title="Arriba, Abajo al Centro pa Dentro" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2014-07-07T04:55:40.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trataré de explicar el porqué de cada oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Viste a Juan? Sí, lo vi. Aquí estamos viendo a Juan como el objeto directo. Entonces decimos &quot;lo&quot; porque estamos sustituyendo el nombre de Juan por un pronombre que si fuera femenino sería &quot;la&quot;. En España prefieren decir &quot;le&quot; para ambos géneros y aunque los académicos lo consideren incorrecto es la norma y se entiende perfectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Le dijiste a Juan? Sí, le dije. Aquí hay un objeto indirecto. ¿Qué le dijiste a Juan? Juan es el receptor del verbo y al haber un objeto indirecto tenemos que poner &quot;le&quot; para indicar que hay algo que afecta al objeto directo. Al decir&lt;b&gt;le&lt;/b&gt; algo a Juan, en él recae la acción del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para objeto indirecto es Lo/La y para el indirecto Le/Se dependiendo del caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T04:55:40.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7133" CreationDate="2014-07-07T05:24:20.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish the word &quot;salida&quot; means both &quot;exit&quot; (in general) and &quot;start&quot; (of a race, course or circuit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when the judge fires the gun and all the athletes start running 100m, it is &quot;la salida&quot; of the race. In a bicycle race, bikers go from &quot;la salida&quot; to &quot;la meta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think on it like the runners, or the sun, is going out from some place: out from the start line, or out from the horizon. This is how it was constructed in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T05:24:20.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7143" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-07T07:55:16.317" Score="5" ViewCount="2236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesa saber en que forma puedo traducir esta palabra porque sé que está &quot;Cohete&quot; muy formal además de &quot;Pirotecnia&quot; y &quot;Fuegos artificiales&quot; que son demasiado técnicas. Estoy interesado en saber todas las formas posibles para decirlo en español, las formas que usa la gente común y corriente, no lo que dicte la norma oficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T01:02:37.387" Title="Fireworks en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2014-07-07T08:19:45.477" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí, en España, usamos &quot;Fuegos artificiales&quot;, sin que suene especialmente técnico. En tono coloquial, si está claro el contexto, tambien se dice a veces &quot;los fuegos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos a ver los fuegos!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos a ver los fuegos artificiales!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;pirotecnia&quot; y derivados no se usa en el habla coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T08:19:45.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7140" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:25:49.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta fórmula popular es una parodia del hecho de santiguarse, igual que otros brindis populares (&lt;em&gt;proa, popa, babor y estribor, ¡rumbo a la bodega!&lt;/em&gt;). En cuanto a su extensión geográfica, creo que necesitaremos que diversos hablantes nativos nos digan si es popular en su país o no. Aquí, en España, es bastante conocida. Aparecía en la película &lt;em&gt;Two Much&lt;/em&gt;, donde era la favorita del personaje interpretado por Antonio Banderas, un español que vivía en Miami; pero ya era popular antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T09:25:49.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7140" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:31:14.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, es un dicho que conservado su popularidad a lo largo del tiempo en parte gracias a los tunos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La Tuna emplea dentro de una larga tradición, diversos &#xA;     brindis, algunos de los cuales utilizan elementos litúrgicos, &#xA;     o se basan en frases tomadas del canon de misa y que han sido &#xA;     heredados de las viejas formas goliárdicas, o de los clérigos &#xA;     vagantes, es decir, de los primeros escolares universitarios &#xA;     europeos de los siglos XII y XIII. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tunaceu.com/Cancionero/Brindis/Brindis.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tunaceu.com/Cancionero/Brindis/Brindis.htm&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas veces se utiliza se compara con el inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Over the lips, over the gums, look out stomach, here it comes.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T09:31:14.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:33:37.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Viste a Juan? Sí, lo vi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué viste? Vi a &lt;strong&gt;Juan&lt;/strong&gt;. Juan es Objeto Directo = lo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le dijiste a Juan? Sí, le dije.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué dijiste? Dije &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; (a Juan). No &quot;Dije a Juan&quot;. Juan es Objeto Indirecto = le.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T09:33:37.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:36:23.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La segunda conversación no está bien formada. El verbo &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; es transitivo y requiere objeto directo, que aquí no aparece. Tal como la copias, es un vulgarismo que puede querer decir dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se lo dijiste a Juan? Sí, se lo dije.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Avisaste a Juan? Sí, le avisé (o &lt;em&gt;Sí, lo avisé&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema puede estar en construcciones como la segunda; aquí, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; funciona como objeto directo. En general, para un objeto directo masculino se usa &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, pero en algunos lugares (principalmente España) también se usa &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; cuando se refiere a una persona. Es un caso de leísmo aceptado por la RAE, aunque no recomendado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, en la segunda conversación que nos muestras no es eso lo que ocurre. Simplemente, falta el objeto directo (y no debería ser así), por eso se te hace rara. Si lo añadimos, seguro que la ves natural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le dijiste a Juan que viniera? Sí, se lo dije.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T09:36:23.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2014-07-07T12:27:30.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es más común emplear la palabra &quot;petardo&quot; que en inglés es &lt;code&gt;firecracker&lt;/code&gt;, aceptada por la RAE, también usada en Francés y Catalán que se escriben casi igual &lt;code&gt;pétard&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;petard&lt;/code&gt; creado a partir del del verbo 'petar' ( estallar, ventosear).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el día a día y en uso familiar, especialmente en San Juan se suele usar petardo. No llamaría fuego artificial a un petardo como las piulas, truenos,etc... que no generan llamas sino explosiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la palabra &lt;code&gt;fireworks&lt;/code&gt;, si se trata de un evento sí que se suele utilizar fuegos artificiales porque se suelen lanzar varios cohetes que crean explosiones, llamas, chispas de colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T09:19:45.287" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T09:19:45.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2014-07-07T14:41:48.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción adecuada sería &quot;Fuegos artificiales&quot; tal como se comentaba, sin carácter técnico, es de lenguaje común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, no se puede usar &quot;petardos&quot; para traducir &quot;Fireworks&quot; porque son dos conceptos diferentes, en el primer caso nos referimos a artefactos 'de mano'  y en el segundo hablamos de artefactos que tienen la capacidad de auto propulsarse, y que en todo caso estallan en el aire produciendo siempre un efecto visual que no se puede atribuir con carácter general a un &quot;petardo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4252" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T14:41:48.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7154" CreationDate="2014-07-07T15:41:12.733" Score="3" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;The Grapes of Wrath,&quot; the estimate &quot;fifty-sixty&quot; is translated into Spanish (in &quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot;) as &quot;cincuenta y seis&quot; (56).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently the translator thought &quot;fifty-sixty&quot; was a typo (that what was meant was &quot;fifty-six&quot;). Is the rough estimate expressed thus in English unknown in Spanish? Is that why the translator made that assumption?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g., when English (American English?) speakers say something like this, it could be in the form: &quot;I see fifty-sixty cars go by here every day.&quot; and what they mean by that is, &quot;I see fifty to sixty cars go by here every day.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T17:39:27.267" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T23:00:55.810" Title="Is the &quot;low number estimate-to-high number estimate&quot; colloquialism/phraseology unknown in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2014-07-07T17:27:56.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México (Ciudad de México, antes D.F.) es más común escuchar &lt;code&gt;cuetes&lt;/code&gt; para decir &lt;code&gt;fuegos artificiales&lt;/code&gt;. Aunque en sí la palabra quiere decir un fuego artificial más chiquito la usan como término por todos. Ten cuidado no confundirla con &lt;code&gt;cuates&lt;/code&gt; que es como amigos o &lt;code&gt;compadres&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay un dicho que me gusta mucho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tiene cuetes en la cola&lt;/code&gt; - tiene hormigas en el culo - he has ants in his pants. (Se refiere a una persona inquieta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T21:29:02.947" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T21:29:02.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7152" CreationDate="2014-07-07T21:17:28.010" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will be translated as &quot;cincuenta a sesenta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The speaker can use the preposition (&quot;a&quot;) to express the range of a quantity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dash (&quot;Guión Ortográfico&quot;) between two words is used to create a compound word.&#xA;Example: físico-química = physicochemical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduction of your Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see fifty-sixty cars go by here everyday =&gt; Veo cincuenta a sesenta carros que pasan por aquí todos los días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T23:00:55.810" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T23:00:55.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7133" CreationDate="2014-07-08T16:54:20.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To &quot;salir&quot; is to &quot;go out.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used to described the movements of the sun, the analogy is that the sun is &quot;going out&quot; of the ground or earth, into the sky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just a matter of idiom: In English, we say that the sun is &quot;rising&quot; in the sky. In Spanish, we say the sun is &quot;going out,&quot; relative to the ground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T16:54:20.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2807" CreationDate="2014-07-08T20:58:35.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The common theme of &quot;bomba&quot; seems to be something that &quot;explodes,&quot; or &quot;sprays.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is certainly true of &quot;bomb.&quot; But it can also apply to a &quot;pump&quot; that &quot;sprays.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fire trucks and stations are the &quot;homes&quot; of these pumps that spray, and firemen are called &quot;bomberos&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This meaning  could be &lt;em&gt;figuratively&lt;/em&gt; true of &quot;news,&quot; or &quot;bubbles.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T17:02:53.193" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T17:02:53.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7159" CreationDate="2014-07-08T21:52:15.350" Score="6" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duolingo&quot;&gt;Duolingo&lt;/a&gt; read me this sentence aloud and asked me to transcribe it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No veo hombres sino mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I misunderstood what was said and typed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No beben hombres sino mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that that meant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Men do not drink, but women do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it mean that? Can &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; compare subjects, or only objects (&lt;em&gt;No quiero leche sino agua&lt;/em&gt;) and clauses (&lt;em&gt;No corro sino camino&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="510" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T13:48:53.003" Title="Can sino compare subjects?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7158" CreationDate="2014-07-09T03:17:19.887" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the DRAE's first example for the adverb &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, you have the subject being contrasted: &lt;em&gt;No lo hizo Juan, sino Pedro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only requirement is that the former element be negative, and the latter affirmative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No como, sino que bebo. (verb)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No comí yo, sino tú. (subj)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comí una cena no muy grande, sino bastante pequeña. (adj)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With clauses, remember that clauses really just act as placeholders for other elements (hence the different types are termed noun clauses — used where nouns go —, adjective clauses, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T13:48:53.003" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7084" CreationDate="2014-07-10T03:08:26.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dont forget the difference between Hable con ella and Hablé con ella, anyway the answer is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are talking to a friend you say Habla con ella, but when you talk to lets say to your daddy or boss then you must be polite and use the Hable because you reffer to your daddy like Ud and not like TU&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4259" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T03:08:26.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T16:31:46.737" Score="4" ViewCount="2600" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently went to Panama and we had 4 flat tires within 2 weeks. I'm still confused how to properly ask for a repair shop which fixes tires. Can you clarify?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer answers not only for Panama but also for middle/south America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la llanta - Tire in middle america?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la rueda - Tire everywhere else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el llantero - The guy/place who only fixes tires (valid everywhere?)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el taller (mecanico) - General repair shop?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Donde esta el proximo llantero?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Donde se puede reparar (zurcir?) las llantas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3109" LastEditorUserId="3109" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T14:33:30.660" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T01:43:29.137" Title="How to ask for a repair shop to fix a car tire?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-10T17:48:45.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba nosotros llamamos a ese lugar para arreglar las gomas o llantas cuando se pinchan o ponchan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ponchera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por lo general es entendido en todos lados, por lo menos en Colombia, Mexico y Miami me han entendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde queda/está la ponchera más cercana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hialeah.olx.com/vendo-ponchera-y-taller-de-mecanica-iid-198691856&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hialeah.olx.com/vendo-ponchera-y-taller-de-mecanica-iid-198691856&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T20:48:59.923" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T20:48:59.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8167" CreationDate="2014-07-10T17:58:38.470" Score="4" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot;/&quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot;, the name Joan Crawford appears in the original (English) text. In the Spanish translation, that has been rendered as &quot;fulana.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fulano = John Doe (some guy)&#xA;Fulana = Jane Doe (some woman)&#xA;Fulanito = some kid (boy)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming my understanding is correct, why is Joan Crawford reduced to a &quot;somebody&quot; here? Is it out of sensitivity/respect (the passage discusses her &quot;sleeping her way into the movies&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:58:09.133" Title="Why did the translator replace an actual name with a placeholder?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-10T22:08:16.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;em&gt;neumático&lt;/em&gt; personally (Spain Spanish) and along with &lt;em&gt;llanta&lt;/em&gt; those two are the most common words.  According to the Wiki article on &lt;em&gt;neumático&lt;/em&gt;, you'll also hear &lt;em&gt;cubierta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;goma&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;caucho&lt;/em&gt; in other countries, but it does point out that &lt;em&gt;llanta&lt;/em&gt; is the most common in Central America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Taller mecánico&lt;/em&gt; to me is pretty much exclusively automotive-type repair (again, Spain Spanish), but apart from adding in farm equipment repair (or similar), I can't imagine anyone in the Spanish-speaking world not understanding what you mean with by that, especially if you've already given the context of a busted tire.  Also, from looking on-line, it seems that &lt;em&gt;taller automotriz&lt;/em&gt; is used and even often in conjunction with the former as &lt;em&gt;taller de mecánica automatriz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reparar&lt;/em&gt; works just fine for tires and greatly prefered over &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt; and a quick search found not much evidence for using &lt;em&gt;zurcir&lt;/em&gt; (someone will doubtlessly point out in the comments if they've heard it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So some possible questions that'd be pretty universally understood (again someone will point out in comments if not) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dónde está (o &lt;em&gt;queda&lt;/em&gt;) el taller mecánico más cercano? (following Emilio Gort's format)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Dónde se puede reparar una llanta pinchada?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sabe(´s/s) dónde hay un taller mecánico?  Mi llanta está pinchada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure to add in &lt;em&gt;pinchada&lt;/em&gt; — that way even if &lt;em&gt;llanta&lt;/em&gt; is used for something else like the rims, you'll give more than sufficient context to be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T14:27:35.897" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T14:27:35.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2014-07-11T01:50:19.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en Argentina a los que se ven en el cielo tipo lluvia de luces que explotan se le dice &quot;fuego artificiales&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A los que solamente explotan en el piso se le dice &quot;petardos&quot;.&#xA;A los que son tipo palo que salen para arriba volando y explotan se le dice &quot;canita voladora&quot;. Todo esto también se lo considera &quot;cohete&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a tirar cohetes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5263" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T08:35:03.217" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T08:35:03.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8163" CreationDate="2014-07-11T09:34:29.420" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, as you can see in the Real Academia Española's dictionary, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=TWk4PeKt8DXX2O0vqaqX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;fulana&lt;/em&gt;&quot; also means prostitute&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This novel was published at the end of Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and just a year after the 1938 Press Law, that was adopted mainly to control the republican press. With this law a period of heavy state censorship began, and this could be the cause of a woman with &quot;loose morals&quot; appearing as &quot;fulana&quot; in the books published during this period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:58:09.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-11T17:18:33.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some places you said: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vulcanizadora&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde está la vulcanizadora?&#xA;Or&#xA;¿Dónde puedo reparar la llanta del auto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All people will understand the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5270" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T17:18:33.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8170" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8171" CreationDate="2014-07-11T22:37:02.203" Score="4" ViewCount="1862" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct translation of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Thanks for confirming&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por confirmar (futuro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por haber confirmado (pasado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5270" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T19:24:46.783" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T19:24:46.783" Title="How to say Thanks for confirming? &quot;Gracias por confirmar&quot; or &quot;Gracias por haber confirmado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8170" CreationDate="2014-07-11T23:20:16.037" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technically, yes, in the past it should be &lt;em&gt;gracias por &lt;strong&gt;haber confirmado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but that doesn't mean you won't hear &lt;em&gt;gracias por confirmar&lt;/em&gt; with high frequency with that meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For another example, you'll hear &lt;em&gt;gracias por venir&lt;/em&gt; all the time, even though, presumably, if they've already arrived at your house/party/event/place/shindig, you're thanking them for &lt;em&gt;having&lt;/em&gt; coming over (they're not on their way by the time you're thanking them).  Context normally makes that pretty clear, but when it doesn't, using the &lt;em&gt;infinitivo compuesto&lt;/em&gt; lets us clearly indicate a prior action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you feel the need to strictly distinguish and force a future interpretation, in your specific example (not necessarily applicable to all verbs) you might say &lt;em&gt;gracias por confirmar con antelación / de antemano&lt;/em&gt; or similar to avoid any confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T11:35:49.787" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T11:35:49.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8170" CreationDate="2014-07-12T00:11:26.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;Gracias por la confirmación&quot; When you refer to a letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-07-12T01:08:27.227" LastActivityDate="2014-07-12T01:08:27.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8184" CreationDate="2014-07-12T00:14:49.603" Score="1" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone asked me, &quot;que contiene el nombre Xxxx en ingles?&quot;.  I thought &quot;contener&quot; was pretty much the same as &quot;to contain&quot; in English, and online dictionaries seem to agree. Is there some other meaning, or us this some idiom I'm not familiar with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE&#xA;Sorry, there's not really any context. It was a question asked in the chat for a cell phone game.  If no one else knows more about this, maybe they just made a typo. It's an unusual name, so they probably meant to ask what it meant, but that doesn't seem to be what they typed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5271" LastEditorUserId="5271" LastEditDate="2014-07-12T01:31:19.627" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T11:47:45.733" Title="Does contener have a meaning I'm not familiar with?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-07-16T10:31:35.957" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8176" CreationDate="2014-07-12T05:25:47.877" Score="6" ViewCount="2336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see the words &lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;véanse&lt;/em&gt; somewhat frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand they are used like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;See page 5&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Véase página 5&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;See pages 5 and 6&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Véanse páginas 5 y 6&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming the pronouns are appended to the verb as one would with an imperative (for instance, &quot;llámame&quot;) but I don't get how the pronouns figure in here and why they are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also assuming the words used are in some way related to the words found in structures like &quot;se ve&quot; (&quot;is seen&quot;) and &quot;se vean&quot; (&quot;are seen&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What exactly is happening in the words &lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;véanse&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5272" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:57:12.457" Title="Exactly what type of a word is &quot;véase&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8174" CreationDate="2014-07-12T07:28:16.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you have here is the imperative of the  (pronominal)reflexive form of ver -&gt; verse. According to spanishdict.com, it's a form used (among other occasions) in texts :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5267" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T21:57:12.457" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:57:12.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8174" CreationDate="2014-07-12T07:47:57.480" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, a verb with &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; can be used as a more natural form of passive, called &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (reflexive passive?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the case here &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is a form of &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;verse&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, that is the &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; equivalent to &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ser visto&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the conjugation, it is the third person, singular of the present tense of subjunctive. As you probably know the present tense of subjunctive is used sometimes as imperative. In this case it works as a third person imperative (the real imperative only has the second person).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is a reflexed passive third person imperative of the verb &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it could be translated more literally as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;to be seen&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, but I don't think it work too well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, this kind of passive-imperative was somewhat common when giving instructions, particularly when they are written. &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Véase&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;nótese&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;obsérvese&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it is to avoid the direct imperative, that may be seen as impolite. But now it may be seen as old fashioned, and in modern writings it is repaced with the more informal plural first of the present of indicative. For example in cooking recipes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Córtese la carne... Caliéntese el agua...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cortamos la carne... Calentamos el agua...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this will not work with &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. You cannot say &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;vemos página 3&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:56:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8182" CreationDate="2014-07-12T14:32:18.973" Score="3" ViewCount="816" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does this construction mean and what are it's limits? Why isn't it Taqueria de la Michoacana? Is this a common way of naming things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5274" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T23:23:08.363" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T23:23:08.363" Title="Taqueria La Michoacana -- what's the significance?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-07-12T15:46:00.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The full name is &quot;La Michoacana&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance  , could be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ferretería &lt;strong&gt;Don Pepe&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Taqueria &lt;strong&gt;Los Hermanos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Neveria &lt;strong&gt;La Michoacana&lt;/strong&gt;  --&gt;  Famous in Mexico&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In México  is a common way for naming stores , in this case it´s named for the State of Michoacan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5275" LastActivityDate="2014-07-12T15:46:00.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2014-07-12T19:22:43.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;They gave him hell&quot; could mean that the treatment he got from the people there was cruel or harsh and far from respectful.  I agree that it's important to get those clueless people into the translation, but also to do it with a colloquialism, preferably something a bit of a rough edge. &quot;Lo trataron retemal&quot; or &quot;Se le amontaron líos&quot; might approach that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5273" LastActivityDate="2014-07-12T19:22:43.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-07-13T01:30:13.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is just the name of the taquería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The United Fruit Company is a company name.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Michoacana in this case is the name too. Since Spanish uses more articles than English, stores names have one most of the times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-07-13T19:16:32.793" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T19:16:32.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8174" CreationDate="2014-07-13T03:59:36.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is like saying, &quot;for more information go to page 5&quot; It is a neutral form found in books and written stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T03:59:36.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-07-13T08:28:49.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;More or less as MikeWats mentioned, stores are often named by store type (&lt;em&gt;zapatería&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cafetería&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;taquería&lt;/em&gt;, etc) and then given a juxtaposed name (that is, placed without a preposition).  It's common anywhere not just in Mexico but all over the Spanish-speaking world, although less so with newer more commercial/(inter)national places that go with a single brand name.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T08:28:49.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2014-07-13T11:42:00.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El primo de mi mujer estuvo alli y lo paso fatal. - My wife's cousin was there and had a terrible time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest Spanish equivalent for 'gave him hell' would be 'le hicieron la vida un infierno' or 'le hicieron la vida imposible'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T11:42:00.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8173" CreationDate="2014-07-13T11:47:45.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The R.A.E definition of 'contener' is, among others, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de una cosa: Llevar o encerrar dentro de sí a otra. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which roughly translates to: to have something inside something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if I had to make an educated guess, I'd say he's asking about some connotation or secret meaning the word has.  To be honest, it's not something you'd probably say here in Spain (don't know if it might be a normal expression in latin american countries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T11:47:45.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2807" CreationDate="2014-07-13T17:33:37.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking an ethimological dictionary, it seems the word 'bomba' comes from the French word 'bombe', which comes from the Italian 'bomba' and the original latin word, 'bombus' (which probably comes from the Greek 'bombos'  The original meaning was 'a deep and intense loud sound'.  So, that's the origin of the bomb meaning of the word.  The other meanings (pump, having fun, etc) probably have an onomatopoeic origin from indoeuropean and languages derived from it (for example, 'bumbeti' in Lituanian, 'bumba' in Scandinavian)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T17:33:37.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-14T18:59:25.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In northern Mexico (Specifically Chihuahua), the usual way to call tire repairing places is &lt;code&gt;desponchado&lt;/code&gt; (if you &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=desponchado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;look it up in google&lt;/a&gt;, most results you'll find are from Chihuahua), however &lt;code&gt;vulcanizadora&lt;/code&gt; would be understood as well (but it's not very used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T18:59:25.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="980" CreationDate="2014-07-14T19:44:26.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our Cuban family, prometida is never used, but would be understood.  It's tricky when writing to family about my kids boyfriends of girlfriends who are not engaged.  I often switch it to the English boyfriend/girlfriend for those who know some English.  The term we've coined amongst our family, is nonovio or nonovia for the boyfriend or girlfriend who is not a novia or novio --fiancee or fiance.  Wish it was a real term... maybe we can spread it worldwide!!&#xA;   I understand that prometido would explain engaged/promised...but it still does not help to explain that when persons have novias/novios...but they are NOT engaged, (And might never be if they just decide to live together as seems to be more and more the norm!), without a lengthy explanation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5285" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T19:44:26.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-07-14T23:14:25.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is not a phonetic language. A phonetic language is a language in which you can hear a word and spell it correctly and you can see a written word and pronounce it correctly. You cannot spell &quot;hablar&quot; correctly by hearing it, as the &quot;h&quot; is silent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T23:14:25.837" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-07-15T07:10:29.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;La Michoacana&quot; the article &quot;La&quot; is telling you that the place is bound to &quot;Michoacan&quot; state, being &quot;Michoacana&quot; treated like you would treat a nationality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's like &quot;The American Shop&quot;, you're saying that the shop is bound to America or has something to do with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5288" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T07:10:29.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-15T11:57:27.130" Score="5" ViewCount="3918" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why and how has the word llama(s) 3 meanings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(you) call&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;llama (the animal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;flame&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5290" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T23:43:50.530" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:37:00.433" Title="Many meanings of &quot;llamas&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8191" CreationDate="2014-07-15T12:32:16.200" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;As to why, quite simple: three different etymological origins have resulted in the same word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; comes from latin &lt;em&gt;clamare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The animal &lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; comes directly from a quechua word&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The flame &lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; comes from latin &lt;em&gt;flamma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin consonant groups &lt;em&gt;-cl-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-fl-&lt;/em&gt; and others (such as &lt;em&gt;-pl-&lt;/em&gt;) have frequently evolved into &lt;em&gt;-ll-&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, so these evolutions are quite normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for confusing, I don't think so. It is not easy to construct a sentence where a verb and a noun could be confused. The two nouns (the flame and the animal) might be confused, but their meanings are so different that, aside from jokes or especially constructed sentences, I don't think it is very likely to happen because the context would give away the real meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T19:47:57.233" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T19:47:57.233" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8202" CreationDate="2014-07-15T19:23:00.240" Score="7" ViewCount="3364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard from many Spanish-speakers now that when they talk about themselves, they use the phrase &quot;un servidor&quot; instead of &quot;yo&quot; or &quot;mi.&quot; I have always thought of the English equivalent of the phrase to be &quot;yours truly.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in English, &quot;yours truly&quot; seems to carry a lighthearted, maybe even humorous tone to it, while in Spanish &quot;un servidor&quot; seems much more serious, formal and dignified. Is &quot;yours truly&quot; an accurate translation? Where did the use of &quot;un servidor,&quot; a word seemingly rooted in referring to oneself as lowly or humble, come from? Am I correct in thinking that in Spanish this phrase is mostly used in formal contexts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: I've heard it used synonymously with &quot;su/tu servidor&quot;&#xA;__&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He oído de muchos hispanohablantes ya referirse a sí mismos por &quot;un servidor&quot; en vez de decir &quot;yo&quot; o &quot;mi&quot;. En todos los contextos era disertando discursos. Así que, es una practica solo en contextos formales? De donde se origina esta costumbre de rebajarse o humillarse con la frase &quot;un servidor&quot;? En inglés, el equivalente que yo suponía era &quot;yours truly&quot;, pero tiene una connotación mucho menos seria o formal (en mi opinión) que la frase en español. ¿Es así realmente? O ¿en qué contextos se usa? ¿Cuál es la etimología de tal frase?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: La he oído intercambiablemente con &quot;su/tu servidor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplos: &quot;¿De quién es este bolso?&quot;&#xA;          &quot;De tu servidor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T19:45:44.470" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T06:56:30.903" Title="Where did using &quot;un servidor&quot; to address yourself come from? / De donde se origina la costumbre de llamerse a sí mismo &quot;un servidor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-07-15T19:56:47.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be but it is just written another way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply put its a simple adjective followed by a proper noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd say the same in English as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record Store &quot;The Beetles&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something similar along those lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="146" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T19:56:47.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8193" CreationDate="2014-07-15T21:44:44.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un servidor&quot; meaning that person is here for help or assist you in whatever thing you need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example when you make a phone call and ask for Juan Perez, the other person says Soy yo un servidor, reference to What can I help you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando una persona se llama asimismo Un servidor, hacer referencia a que esta allí para ayudarlo en lo que necesite. Ya sea en un restaurante, o para ayudar con algún favor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5293" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T21:44:44.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8193" CreationDate="2014-07-15T22:40:42.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa referido al mismo que habla, en expresiones de humildad: &lt;em&gt;‘Aquí tiene &lt;strong&gt;un servidor&lt;/strong&gt; para cualquier cosa que se le ofrezca. Téngame por su humilde servidor’&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is used to refer the same that speaks, in terms of humility: &lt;em&gt;There is no equivalence in English.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;em&gt;Yours truly&lt;/em&gt; is the closest match but only in letters. Not like &lt;strong&gt;un servidor&lt;/strong&gt; which can be used in letters and conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-07-16T01:27:00.497" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T01:27:00.497" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4901" CreationDate="2014-07-16T01:16:33.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se limitaría solo en las preguntas sino en el habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/voces_hispanicas/cuba/la_habana.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes (CVC): Cuba &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plano gramatical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tuteo y sistema de tratamiento con ustedes para la segunda persona del plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tendencia al orden Sujeto-Verbo-Objeto, con anteposición del sujeto en interrogativas y ante infinitivos: ¿qué tú quieres?, ¿dónde tú vives?; sonreí al tú decirme eso; él lo hizo todo para yo poder descansar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tendencia a uso expreso de pronombre personal sujeto: ¿tú te quedas o tú te vas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y según la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=pronombres+personales+t%C3%B3nicos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronombres personales tónicos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas variedades del español, con especial incidencia en el habla caribeña, &lt;strong&gt;la -s final se aspira, se debilita o se pierde, de manera que la segunda persona del singular puede llegar a converger oralmente con las formas de primera y de tercera&lt;/strong&gt;, según los tiempos, lo que justifica la frecuencia con la que se hace explícito, en esas zonas, el sujeto tú: «¿Qué tú quieres más que eso?» (González Provisiones [Cuba 1975]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dice el párrafo anterior por la aspiración de la -s &lt;em&gt;Dónde vives?&lt;/em&gt; puede ser fácilmente oída como &lt;em&gt;Dónde vive?&lt;/em&gt; (tercera persona) de ahí que añadan el tú &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde tú vives?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos países de la cuenca se vieron influenciados por el español caribeño, como por ejemplo el español costeño de Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%B3n_Caribe_(Colombia)#Dialecto_y_lenguas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Español costeño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La aspiración de la /s/ antes de consonante y su pérdida al final de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_caribe%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Español caribeño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se habla en los territorios isleños de Cuba, la República Dominicana, Puerto Rico, y en territorios continentales de Colombia, Venezuela y Panamá.(*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Más en la zona costeña del territorio continental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más enlaces del CVC lo corroboran&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/voces_hispanicas/republicadominicana/santodomingo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Santo Domingo (República Dominicana)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/voces_hispanicas/puertorico/sanjuan.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;San Juan (Puerto Rico)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dicen los cantantes Pitbull o Notch: ya tu sabe! &lt;em&gt;Nota: Lo usan en la música aunque no se si tomarlo como ejemplo real de esta habla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T17:14:58.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8200" CreationDate="2014-07-16T04:48:01.687" Score="4" ViewCount="1221" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;wrench&quot; translated as &quot;English key&quot; (&quot;llave inglesa&quot;) in Spanish? What is English about it? I get the &quot;key&quot; part, because one can &quot;open&quot; things with it, but why English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-07-16T20:49:51.613" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T02:49:12.623" Title="Why is a wrench called an English Key (llave inglesa)?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8199" CreationDate="2014-07-16T05:10:20.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should be because was invented by an English/British, also in many countries it's known as &lt;code&gt;llave francesa&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rafaelestrella.es/2008/10/05/llave-francesa-o-llave-inglesa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://rafaelestrella.es/2008/10/05/llave-francesa-o-llave-inglesa/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read on wikipedia the article in both languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjustable_spanner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjustable_spanner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T02:49:12.623" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T02:49:12.623" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8193" CreationDate="2014-07-16T09:10:21.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé de donde viene esta expresión, pero posiblemente viene de la biblia.  Hay muchos casos, sobretodo en el antiguo testamento, donde alguien se refiere a si mismo como &quot;su siervo&quot;.  &quot;Su servidor&quot; puede ser una variante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Josué 5:14  Reina-Valera 1960 (RVR1960)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;14 El respondió: No; mas como Príncipe del ejército de Jehová he&#xA;  venido ahora. Entonces Josué, postrándose sobre su rostro en tierra,&#xA;  le adoró; y le dijo: ¿Qué dice mi Señor a su siervo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joshua 5:14  New International Version (NIV)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;14 “Neither,” he replied, “but as commander of the army of the Lord I&#xA;  have now come.” Then Joshua fell facedown to the ground in reverence,&#xA;  and asked him, “What message does my Lord have for his servant?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a parallel construct in English.  In the 19th century, it was common to end a letter with the tag line &quot;your humble &amp;amp; obedient servant&quot;, followed by the signature.  In the 20th century, this evolved into &quot;yours truly&quot;.  In the 21st century, it could evolve into something like &quot;YBFF&quot;.  Who knows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="4160" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T22:11:29.113" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T22:11:29.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8193" CreationDate="2014-07-16T10:20:38.060" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión procede, en efecto, de fórmulas corteses o formales. Por ejemplo, respondiendo a una pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Es usted Pedro Pérez?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Para servirle [o &lt;em&gt;Para servirle a usted&lt;/em&gt;; similar al inglés &lt;em&gt;at your service&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la antefirma de una carta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su seguro servidor [equivalente al inglés &lt;em&gt;yours truly&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &lt;em&gt;your humble servant&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, finalmente, al presentarse a una persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pedro Pérez, un servidor de usted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta última deriva la expresión abreviada &lt;em&gt;un servidor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la actualidad estas fórmulas se consideran muy afectadas, por lo que han pasado a usarse de forma irónica, al menos en España. Por lo general, la expresión &lt;em&gt;un servidor&lt;/em&gt; se usa tan solo coloquialmente, por lo que la traducción sugerida &lt;em&gt;yours truly&lt;/em&gt; me parece adecuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede utilizarse &lt;em&gt;un servidor&lt;/em&gt; o, simplemente, &lt;em&gt;servidor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Quién ha dejado aquí este vaso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Servidor [En lugar de, simplemente, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De otra forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Todo esto lo hizo un servidor [En inglés: &lt;em&gt;All this was done by yours truly&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T10:20:38.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4901" CreationDate="2014-07-16T23:59:29.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquella manera de hablar se utiliza en países centroamericanos. Aquí, en Chile, nadie habla de aquella manera, a menos que sea... centroamericano ^_^&#xA;Hace unos años, Canal 13 (un canal chileno) emitió una teleserie ambientada en Costa Rica, &lt;em&gt;Don Amor&lt;/em&gt; (una referencia a Don Omar), y, en ella, se nota mucho la diferencia entre el español chileno y el costarricense. A mí, como chilena, a veces me cuesta entender los acentos centroamericanos, además, allí se utiliza el &lt;em&gt;spanglish&lt;/em&gt;, debido a la cercanía con Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T23:59:29.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-17T00:03:31.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here, in Chile, we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde se arreglan neumáticos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde se arreglan ruedas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The place is called &lt;em&gt;taller de neumáticos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T00:03:31.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8208" CreationDate="2014-07-17T04:57:24.480" Score="1" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;The Grapes of Wrath&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;Las Uvas de la Ira&lt;/em&gt; the English text mentions a gopher hole; the Spanish translation says, &quot;la madriguera de una ardilla.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But isn't an ardilla a squirrel? Why no specific word for gopher? Are gophers unknown in Spain (I'm assuming the translator was from Spain, but if not: are there no gophers in Latin America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translate.com gives &lt;em&gt;gopher&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;ardilla de la tierra&lt;/em&gt;. So a gopher is a &lt;em&gt;squirrel of the earth&lt;/em&gt;? Actually, there already is a ground (as opposed to tree) squirrel. And a gopher ain't it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what's up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T13:58:55.403" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T13:58:55.403" Title="Are there no gophers in Spain?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8209" CreationDate="2014-07-17T05:00:28.223" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a &quot;lamp bug&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a &quot;butterfly of the light&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Steinbeck's &quot;The Grapes of Wrath,&quot; a &quot;lamp bug&quot; is mentioned. In the Spanish translation (&quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot;) it is called &quot;Una mariposa de la luz.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't there a more scientific name for it - what is this critter exactly? A moth?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T19:38:49.157" Title="A &quot;butterfly of the light&quot; is a &quot;lamp bug&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8206" CreationDate="2014-07-17T05:20:14.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The animal called in english as &quot;gopher&quot; is called in spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tuzas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;taltuzas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;ratas de abazones&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and read this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gophers are endemic to North and Central America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, there are no gophers in Spain, nor in most of latin America. This is why the translator chose a better known animal, the well known squirrel we all (besides Donald) love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T05:20:14.803" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8207" CreationDate="2014-07-17T05:33:48.140" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Mariposa de la luz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not a standard spanish phrase, but the language (any language) is short on words to define all kinds of insects, so you need to abide by the meaning, instead of the word-by-word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;lamp bug&quot; is a bug that is attracted by the light of a lamp. This can only happen during night, since during day that light is not important under the Sun, so Steinbeck is talking about a nightly insect. It is most probably that he is talking about moths, the best known insect that is attracted by human lights on the night. In this case the translation would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;polilla&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which is actually the term for nightly butterflies (and also for clothing moths) in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translator would have used &quot;&lt;em&gt;polilla&lt;/em&gt;&quot; directly if the author would have used &quot;moth&quot;, but since Steinbeck taken a detour, so did he. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T19:38:49.157" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T19:38:49.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8211" CreationDate="2014-07-17T10:19:52.797" Score="2" ViewCount="1657" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit confused about the differences in use of &lt;code&gt;diferente&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;otro&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;otra&lt;/code&gt;. For example, I want to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm a programmer like Javier, but I work for a different company.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; Would that be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy un programador como Javier, pero trabajo por una empresa diferente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy un programador como Javier, pero trabajo por una otra empresa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something else entirely? And why so? When is which word used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4160" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T10:44:14.877" Title="diferente vs. otro/otra" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8210" CreationDate="2014-07-17T10:37:52.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both ways are completely correct and can be used the same way to express what you meant in English. In other words: there are synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can understand it better with this translation into English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...pero trabajo para otra empresa&lt;/em&gt;  --&gt;  &lt;em&gt;but I work for &lt;strong&gt;another&lt;/strong&gt; company&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, be careful because you made a different mistake: As you can see above the correct wording would be:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &quot;&lt;em&gt;para otra&lt;/em&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;por una otra&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2005" LastEditorUserId="4160" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T10:44:14.877" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T10:44:14.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-17T15:00:33.430" Score="0" ViewCount="1815" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for words in Spanish that have common roots as that of English. Words like Father-Padre Mother-Madre etc. Is there any good resource on that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5299" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T22:10:58.613" Title="Words with common roots English and Spanish" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-07-18T08:23:10.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8215" CreationDate="2014-07-17T17:43:02.520" Score="0" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Are they similar or different?&quot; Can somebody help me with an example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5300" LastEditorDisplayName="user5300" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T17:51:54.590" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T04:31:51.383" Title="&quot;Pronunciation of European Spanish and Pronunciation of Spanish in Latin America&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-07-18T10:01:45.893" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8214" CreationDate="2014-07-17T19:17:49.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's almost like comparing apples and oranges. There are many different types of apples, and many different types of oranges. Generalizations can be made, but specific differences will be far easier to give you if you could specify a specific version (for example: Galician or Andalusian for European, Northern Mexico or Cuban for American).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary difference is the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; followed by &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; where in most (but not all) Spain it is realized as /θ/ and in America as /s/. Other letters such as &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; may have different pronunciations but they can generally be found on both sides of the Atlantic and not necessarily in cleanly overlapping areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in some regions, &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; can be reduced to a single vowel, ditto for &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;. I'm pretty sure that's exclusive to only some parts of American Spanish (because some indigenous languages have only three main vowels) but maybe it happens in African Spanish too due to Arabic also only having three vowels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T20:23:19.887" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T20:23:19.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8213" CreationDate="2014-07-17T19:27:19.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cognates&lt;/a&gt; with the same meaning&lt;/em&gt;, and, since both English and Spanish are Indo-European languages many words utimately share their etimology, even when they look different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See for example the numbers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One - Uno &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Two - Dos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Three - Tres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Four - Cuatro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Six - Seis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seven - Siete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eight - Ocho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nine - Nueve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ten - Diez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of them are obvious cognates, but some are difficult to recognize. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/five&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;five&quot; derives succesively from &quot;vif&quot;, &quot;fif&quot;, &quot;fīf&quot;, &quot;*fimf&quot;, from Proto-Indo-European &quot;*pénkʷe&quot;. While &quot;cinco&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cinco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;derives from&lt;/a&gt; Latin &quot;quinque&quot;, and that from the same Proto-Indo-European &quot;*pénkʷe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answering your question would require about half the dictionary. Maybe you'll prefer to rephase it as: &quot;Words in English of Latin origin, with a Spanish cognate with the same meaning&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Beware of the false cognates! My favourite is &quot;much&quot; and &quot;mucho&quot;: they are not related at all!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T19:27:19.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8213" CreationDate="2014-07-17T19:41:18.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cognates are words that mean the same and are spelled the same in 2 languages. The site &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishcognates.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spanishcognates.org&lt;/a&gt; has many cognates for English to Spanish, but probably not all, there are a LOT!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason that there are so many is because Spanish and English both have Latin and Greek roots. There is a list of English words derived from Latin words on Wikipedia called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_words_with_English_derivatives&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;List of Latin words with English derivatives&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;There is also a list of English words derived from Greek, called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_words_with_English_derivatives&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;List of Greek words with English derivatives&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;You will be able to see some similarities between all lists, which show the roots of the similarities between words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Greek to English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ἄβαξ abax    ἀβακ-   abac-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      reckoning-board, used for counting votes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      abacus, abaculus, abax&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English and Spanish cognate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;abacus - ábaco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the Spanish and English words for abacus both share a Greek root.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4233" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T22:10:58.613" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T22:10:58.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4415" CreationDate="2014-07-17T19:53:56.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina, &quot;para cuando&quot; sounds more colloquial. I should try to avoid it in very formal documents. However, as it was mention before, both options are gramatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5302" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T19:53:56.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8214" CreationDate="2014-07-18T04:31:51.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO, &lt;em&gt;Latin American Spanish&lt;/em&gt; doesn't exist, actually. There are a lot of differences between countries and within countries, including Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3073" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T04:31:51.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8229" CreationDate="2014-07-18T17:56:01.073" Score="4" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vi una composición de Les Luthiers en la obra &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/pLTdZtOQERo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hacen Muchas Gracias de Nada&lt;/a&gt; que se llama El Rey Enamorado (ve al segmento que comienza en el minuto 4:30).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mintuto 9:20 comienza una canción muy graciosa donde el serenatista canta una cosa y el músico la repite, conjugando las palabras apropiadamente con un fin humorístico. Al final de la canción, dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--Pareces fría, sujeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--Parece fría, su... su cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra implicita aquí? ¿A qué se refiere el &quot;su...&quot;? O sea, ¿cuál es el chiste aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="855" LastEditDate="2014-07-21T15:17:44.060" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T15:45:27.393" Title="El chiste implicito en &quot;Pareces fria, sujeta&quot;" Tags="&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8223" CreationDate="2014-07-18T18:12:15.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es que como el guitarrista esta repetiendo todo lo que el dice agregando el &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; y jeta significa cara, el dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sujeta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;su, (su cara==su jeta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T19:56:49.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-18T23:20:49.003" Score="3" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is this phrase &lt;em&gt;en explorar&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los primeros europeos &lt;strong&gt;en explorar&lt;/strong&gt; la región del actual Illinois fueron misioneros franceses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have thought you would say &lt;em&gt;que exploraron&lt;/em&gt;, if the intended meaning is &quot;The first europeans to explore...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction seems to be &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; + [infinitive]. Is this correct? Can you provide other examples where &quot;en&quot; is used in a similar way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5308" LastEditorUserId="5308" LastEditDate="2014-07-19T11:27:46.317" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T17:40:48.877" Title="Meaning of &quot;en + infinitive&quot; in &quot;en explorar&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8225" CreationDate="2014-07-19T00:19:53.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember that in Spanish, the infinitive form of a verb is used when the verb is used as a noun, where as in English, it is often used in the gerund form.  Thus, the sentence translates to English as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first Europeans &lt;strong&gt;in exploring&lt;/strong&gt; the current region of Illinois were French missionaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your suggestion of &lt;em&gt;que exploraron&lt;/em&gt; would be valid, too, but changes the nature of the phrase slightly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-07-19T00:27:42.693" LastActivityDate="2014-07-19T00:27:42.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8230" CreationDate="2014-07-21T04:33:27.103" Score="1" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;In comparing &quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot; and its translation &quot;Las Uvas de la Ira,&quot; I came across this interesting loose translation (talking about traveling through the desert):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;I'm going to take her at night.&quot;&#xA;&quot;Me too. She'll cut the living Jesus outa you.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translation/traduccion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Yo lo voy a pasar de noche.&quot;&#xA;&quot;Yo tambien. Pasar durante el dia es una locura.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why is &quot;&lt;em&gt;She'll cut the living Jesus outa you.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Going through her during the day is an act of insanity.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (or something similar)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was it considered blasphemous to speak of Jesus that way? Is that why the translator &quot;softened up&quot; the translation? Or just to make what was being said more understandable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-07-21T04:50:17.247" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T19:09:04.210" Title="Was referring to Jesus in this way considered blasphemy?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8223" CreationDate="2014-07-21T08:02:01.977" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The guitarist is trying to keep up with the other guy, he had to change anything he says, and sing it, but he has to say it in third person, since the idea is to get the woman to like the other guy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The guitarist has a really hard time with this conversion, and almost screws it up by using the wrong word combo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pareces fría, sujeta = you look cold woman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece fría, su...jeta = her face looks cold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &amp;quot;jeta&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;face&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;mouth&amp;quot; seems like a common word, but it's not. In most countries is an offensive way to refer to the mouth, since this word is also used to refer to the mouth of a pig.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="816" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T18:02:12.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8228" CreationDate="2014-07-21T10:28:14.120" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's not a matter of blasphemy, it's just that idiom is not direclty translatable to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T10:28:14.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8225" CreationDate="2014-07-21T17:40:48.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; preposition would translate to something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first Europeans to be involved in the exploration of.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T17:40:48.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-21T20:07:49.630" Score="2" ViewCount="2039" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these words for vegetables in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;legumbre,&#xA;vegetal,&#xA;verdura,&#xA;hortaliza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hortaliza= all vegetables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verdura= salad vegetables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Legumbre=  legume in English, so that's peas, lentils and beans. But  I've heard Spaniards refer to 'frutas y verduras' in the same way we say 'fruit and vegetables' in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vegetal=plant but I've seen 'bocadillo vegetal' on a menu , but  'plant sandwich' sounds  odd in English, so I wasn't sure if vegetal meant salad, or things like carrots!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5319" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T13:51:19.677" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T13:51:19.677" Title="Vegetables in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8232" CreationDate="2014-07-22T01:27:50.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is a bit open, and some things are not necessarily strict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usage of &lt;strong&gt;vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; as an &lt;em&gt;adjective&lt;/em&gt; in &quot;bocadillo vegetal&quot; implies vegetarian or vegan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veggie sandwich would be the appropriate English term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T01:27:50.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8161" CreationDate="2014-07-22T01:43:29.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems to be &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; regional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The place is called &lt;code&gt;gomería&lt;/code&gt; in Argentina, as the tires are sometimes referred to as &lt;code&gt;gomas&lt;/code&gt;, a term which, by the way, can also refer to a woman's breasts, so you can call them &lt;code&gt;neumáticos&lt;/code&gt; instead if you want (that is the more technical term, which you'd use to buy them online, for example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde hay una gomería?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be the easiest way to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T01:43:29.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-22T03:18:20.933" Score="3" ViewCount="682" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Question 1: &lt;em&gt;echado&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;echando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Observo al hombre echado en el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I think&lt;/em&gt; this sentence translates into English as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He observed the person lying on the ground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does the Spanish sentence uses &quot;echado&quot; instead of &quot;echando&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion this sentence should be as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Observo al hombre echando en el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question 2: &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que le toca a usted, la cara y no la ve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence we don't know the gender of the thing we are referring to, so we use &quot;lo&quot;, but in the last part of the sentence it says &quot;no la ve&quot;. I think the whole sentence should be &quot;¿qué es lo que le toca a usted, la cara y no lo ve?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5304" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T22:02:42.623" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T06:18:00.527" Title="&quot;echado&quot; vs &quot;echando&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-07-22T04:04:08.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume the sentence is &quot;Observo al &lt;strong&gt;hombre&lt;/strong&gt; echado en el suelo&quot;, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For starters, &quot;observo&quot; is really &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo observo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; so it's actually first person (which translates to &lt;em&gt;&quot;I observe&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice it's in present tense. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo observé&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is the correct translation of &lt;em&gt;&quot;I observed&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;em&gt;&quot;echado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a common word, and a synonym of &lt;em&gt;&quot;acostado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;&quot;tirado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.. both of which are translated like you said &lt;em&gt;&quot;lying on the ground&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. The person in the sentence is not performing the action, it is already lying on the ground, so &lt;em&gt;&quot;echado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is past tense. (&lt;em&gt;&quot;echando&quot;&lt;/em&gt; would imply that the person is in the process of laying down)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second sentence I think it's just talking figuratively about the &lt;em&gt;&quot;cara&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Think of it as if the first part was a question.. &quot;¿Que es lo que le toca a usted?&quot;.. and then the answer &quot;la cara, y no la ve&quot;. This is really my own interpretation of the sentence, I assume it's literature or something like that, right? The context of the sentence may provide another meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it's helpful and not too messy to undestand haha, sorry if it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5288" LastEditorUserId="5288" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T04:10:16.973" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T04:10:16.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6967" CreationDate="2014-07-22T04:08:54.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been pondering this question myself lately, and I have a theory to why Oscar is a common name in Spanish speaking countries. As a very young child I assumed my dad's name was somehow Spanish because his name Oscar. It turned out that he is actually Swedish, and Oscar or Oskar is an even more common name in Sweden and common throughout all Germanic countries. Anyways, I looked into this, and this is what I came up with...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the early 6th century Rome was invaded by Germanic tribes, one of the major tribes being the Goths (who some believe to originate from what is now Götaland of southern Sweden), at some point the Goths became two separate tribes Ostrogoths and Visigoths. The Ostrogoths staying to rule Italy and establishing the Ostrogothic Kingdom, and the Visigoths who went on to conquer Hispania (Spain and Portugal). The Visigoths remained the rulers, and because of this, many Germanic names were used. I believe this is why the name Oscar is continued to be used to this day as a Spanish name, but not really seeming like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(But really this is all just speculation, it could have just popped up as a name all on its own in Spain. I apologize for the uncertainty, but I can't find any sources directly stating the origin of the Spanish name Oscar. If someone actually knows feel free to correct me.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5321" LastEditorUserId="23615" LastEditDate="2020-10-11T13:36:19.343" LastActivityDate="2020-10-11T13:36:19.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8232" CreationDate="2014-07-22T07:19:29.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hortaliza= all vegetables.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agree :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Verdura= salad vegetables.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well... normally, we use verdura to talk about the green parts of the vegetables (stem and leaves).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Legumbre= legume in English, so that's peas, lentils and beans.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right. But... Sometimes you can hear the expression 'frutas y verduras' covering also legume because of the typical &quot;Frutas y verduras&quot; shops, that sell legume too. I know, it's a bit tricky :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;&lt;em&gt;vegetal&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is used -when talking about food- to indicate that it has no meat, as @Diego Mijelshon wrote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps a bit!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T07:19:29.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="315" CreationDate="2014-07-22T08:13:14.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It usually more useful to become familiar with the dominant patterns than going looking for &quot;rules&quot; that dont always exist.  In the case of pronouns, the most frequent patterns usually look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Indirect-Direct&lt;/strong&gt; (see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://onemonthspanish.com/course/lesson/20#drills&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Direct and Indirect Pronouns in the same construction&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When direct objects and indirect objects appear together, the direct object is usually one of the following four pronouns: &lt;em&gt;lo, la, los or las&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;me, te&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; forms rarely show up as direct pronouns in the same construction with indirect pronouns. Similarly, in English one might say “He gave it to us” but one would rarely use a phrase like “He gave us to it.” (even though grammatically correct).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the indirect pronouns &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; are followed by the direct object lo, la, los, las appears in the same construction, le/les must be converted to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;. Thus a phrase le doy el libro (I gave him the book), would become &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; lo doy (I gave him it) not &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; lo doy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The result of the previous two rules put together means that in 95% of cases where direct and indirect objects are used in the same construction, it will take the form of one of me/te/se/nos followed by one of lo/la/los/las&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se la pasé a él.&lt;/em&gt;  I handed it to him.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Nos lo llevó ayer.&lt;/em&gt; He took it for us yesterday.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Juan me lo dio. Juan gave it to me. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Reflexive-Direct&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this pattern, the reflexive pronoun essentially takes on the role of an indirect pronoun, and follows the same rules:  The reflexive (indirect) precedes the direct, and the direct form is nearly always one of &lt;strong&gt;lo/la/los/las&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put it on. &lt;em&gt;Me lo pongo.&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;This overcoat, will you take it? &lt;em&gt;Este abrigo, ¿te lo llevas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Reflexive-Indirect&lt;/strong&gt; (see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://onemonthspanish.com/course/lesson/25#drills&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reflexive and indirect pronouns in the same construction&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction presents a pattern that is almost non-existent in English. In English we would say: &quot;I broke the cup&quot;, but in Spanish one would say &lt;em&gt;Se me rompió la taza&lt;/em&gt;. &quot;The cup broke itself to (for, on) me.&quot;  The cup, which is the noun object in English, becomes the subject in Spanish (and governs the agreement of the verb). The verb appears in Spanish with a reflexive pronoun, which is always se, since only things--therefore 3rd person--can appear as subjects). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a relatively small handful of common reflexives that use this pattern: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;caerse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;casarse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;quedarse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;olvidarse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;parecerse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;romperse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;salirse &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you forget the pencils? &lt;em&gt;¿Se te olvidaron los lápices?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Did you leave anything in the house? &lt;em&gt;¿Se le quedó algo en la casa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I dropped a cup of coffee, and it broke. &lt;em&gt;Se me cayó una taza de café y se me rompió.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(A cup of coffee dropped itself to me and broke itself to me.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In summary, the Reflexive-Indirect pattern will virtually always consist of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; followed by an indirect pronoun.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&#xA;Rules of thumb like RID comes in handy if you are trying to work out an uncommon case for a test, but will hinder fluency if you rely on it for real-time speech.  If your goal is to be able to speak comfortably, you are better off focusing on learning the relatively small of common patterns so that you can quickly recognize and reproduce them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T08:13:14.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4175" CreationDate="2014-07-22T12:20:17.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy mismo ha aparecido en la página de la Fundéu un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/jorge-alejandro-luis-nombre-del-principe-de-cambridge/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; al respecto. Además de los miembros de casas reales, se hispanizan los nombres de los papas, aunque esto último es habitual en casi todos los idiomas del mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T12:20:17.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8232" CreationDate="2014-07-22T13:23:34.513" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;legumbre&lt;/strong&gt;: is actually a technical term: any member of the &quot;legumes&quot;. That includes peas, beans, etc. In Spanish it is not used for peanuts or soy, although they are still &quot;legumes&quot;, because the way they are eaten is different from the traditional &lt;em&gt;legumbres&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vegetal&lt;/strong&gt;: is again a technical term: anything from the &quot;plant&quot; kingdom. It is not used for clasification. However, it is sometimes used as an adjective to some prepared food that contains (not exclusively) more &quot;verduras&quot; or &quot;hortalizas&quot; than expected, such as &quot;bocadillo vegetal&quot;, &quot;tortilla vegetal&quot;, &quot;lasaña vegetal&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hortaliza&lt;/strong&gt;: any food coming from the &lt;em&gt;huerta&lt;/em&gt;, that is the &quot;kitchen garden&quot; or vegetable garden. That will include some fruits, such as tomatos or peppers, as well as roots, potatos, etc, but it will not include tree fruits. Some items will be included or not depending on the speaker: melons, pumpkins, berries...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verdura&lt;/strong&gt; (you didn't ask, but anyway): any &lt;em&gt;hortaliza_&lt;/em&gt; that is more or less green (&lt;em&gt;verde&lt;/em&gt;), that is a leaf. Some people may also include items of difficult classifications, but similar uses, such as coliflowers, asparagus, soy shoots, or even onions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fruta&lt;/strong&gt;: any fruit except if it is seen as a &lt;em&gt;hortaliza&lt;/em&gt;. Also some non-fruits that are consumed as if they were real fruits, such as strawberries or figs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T10:10:42.840" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T10:10:42.840" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-07-22T14:15:54.753" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Nobel prize Camilo José Cela once said: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela&quot;&gt;&quot;No es lo mismo estar dormido que estar durmiendo, como no es lo mismo estar jodido que estar jodiendo.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://archivos.editanet.org/7/01d5379ab9005a006/0000009b660467e10/&quot;&gt;anecdote&lt;/a&gt; surrounding this funny quote illustrates well how the usage of gerund (&quot;dormido&quot;, &quot;jodido&quot;) and past participle (&quot;durmiendo&quot;, &quot;dormido&quot;) don't always carry the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently Cela, as senator at the Spanish upper house, was reprimanded for falling asleep:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Senate President&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Sr Cela, you're asleep!&quot; (asleep = dormido)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Cela&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Not Sir, I'm not asleep; I'm only sleeping&quot; (sleeping = durmiendo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Senate President&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Isn't it the same?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Cela&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Of course, it isn't the same! Because it isn't the same to fall asleep than to be sleeping; as it isn't the same to be fucked than to be fucking&quot; (fucked = jodido, fucking = jodiendo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ~ing form and the past participle of the verb &quot;to lie&quot; are &quot;lying&quot; and &quot;lain&quot;. Note that &quot;to lie&quot; doesn't translate into Spanish as the reflexive verb &quot;echarse&quot;, but as &quot;estar echado&quot;. This is the reason why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I see a man lying on the ground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Veo un hombre echado en el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand why &quot;to lie on the ground&quot; translates as &quot;estar echado en el suelo&quot; and not &quot;echarse en el suelo&quot;, one needs to understand &lt;a href=&quot;http://flesl.net/Grammar/Grammar_Glossary/durative_verbs.php&quot;&gt;the difference between a &lt;strong&gt;punctual&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;durative&lt;/strong&gt; verb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Echarse en el suelo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a punctual verb, close in meaning to &quot;get on the floor&quot;, because it describes an action that takes place at a particular point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Estar echado en el suelo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &quot;lie on the ground&quot; are a durative verbs, because they describe an action that lasts a period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear, despite Camilo José Cela's claim and as stated by Emilio Gort in the comments, most Spanish speakers consider that &quot;estar dormido&quot; and &quot;estar durmiendo&quot; are virtually identical in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="294" LastEditorUserId="294" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T15:06:49.053" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T15:06:49.053" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-07-23T01:09:30.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two differences going on here.  One is the difference between a present participle, &quot;lying&quot;, and a past participle, &quot;echado&quot;.  You've noticed this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other is a subtle difference between the  relationship between the man and the verb.  A person takes the action of lying down.  The action of &quot;echarse&quot; (note the reflexive form) is an action, yes, but it's the consequence of the action that's being observed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that's part of the reason for the difference in the verb form.  The rest of the reason is that participles just don't work the same way in English and Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T01:09:30.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-07-23T04:28:56.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to add that ther's a difference between &quot;Observo&quot; and &quot;Observó&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Observo&lt;/strong&gt; is present in the first person form of &quot;To observe&quot; [Yo observo] being &quot;I observe&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Observó&lt;/strong&gt; is preterit in the third person form [Él/Ella observó] being &quot;He observed&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T04:28:56.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8247" CreationDate="2014-07-23T21:46:08.027" Score="1" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking an online class on &quot;scientific thought&quot; which has a transcription of the spoken video text, and the Spanish word &quot;you&quot; occurs in almost every lecture, even in one lecture four times (see below). Google translate simply translates it as &quot;you&quot; and online dictionaries and Google search for English and Spanish words so it always finds the English word &quot;you&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the Spanish word &quot;you&quot; mean in the following excerpts, or is this some kind of transcription error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En medicina se desarrolló la medicina Ayurveda que fue un poco más&#xA;  efectiva que la egipcia, de hecho, &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; operaban cataratas, una técnica&#xA;  que se exportó a China y a otras partes del mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You&lt;/strong&gt; que tenemos muy poca información de esta época, la historia&#xA;  necesariamente es parcial e incompleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Mesoamérica, la cultura, de la cual tenemos registros más antiguos,&#xA;  es la Olmeca. &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; tenían escritura, astronomía, calendarios, y&#xA;  matemáticas, las cuales incluían el numero cero y manejaban una base&#xA;  20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El desarrollo de la agricultura trajo la posibilidad de vivir en&#xA;  grandes ciudades, lo cual permitía que no todos los miembros de una&#xA;  población se dedicaran al mismo oficio, &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; sea estar cazando o&#xA;  recolectando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1464" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T21:54:01.840" Title="What does the Spanish word &quot;you&quot; mean in English?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8246" CreationDate="2014-07-23T21:54:01.840" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's supposed to be &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;. Just a transcription error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T21:54:01.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-07-23T22:51:57.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estar echado&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;echar&lt;/code&gt; mean different things, first meaning is &lt;code&gt;state&lt;/code&gt; and the second one is an &lt;code&gt;action&lt;/code&gt; which means i.e. &lt;code&gt;to throw&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;to toss&lt;/code&gt;, etc. It's impossible to confound them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estar echado&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;echarse&lt;/code&gt; can be confounded because the first one is a logical consequence of second one, so &lt;code&gt;Yo me echo&lt;/code&gt; (action) leads to &lt;code&gt;yo estoy echado&lt;/code&gt; (final state of that action).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope, you can understand better like this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T22:51:57.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8228" CreationDate="2014-07-24T19:09:04.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe, the translator really don't care about blasphemy, only that, in spanish a literal translation don´t make sense at all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1606" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T19:09:04.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7107" CreationDate="2014-07-24T20:08:09.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you believe RAE (Royal Academy), francesa as an adjective cannot mean French. Therefore &quot;Literatura francesa de Quebec&quot; would be a contradiction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that according to RAE you should say “la frase en francés”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever I read “la Wikipedia inglesa” (14,300 times in Google) I agree with RAE, because to me that sentence means “Wikipedia from England”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5339" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T20:08:09.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7014" CreationDate="2014-07-24T20:16:52.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El español de Perú y Ecuador, por ejemplo, se conservaron más fieles al español de España, que el español de otros países latinoamericanos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es muy discutible. Además el español de España evolucionó en 500 años, por lo que si es verdad que el español de Perú es similar al de España (por ejemplo, dicen &quot;hoy he comido&quot; en lugar de &quot;hoy comí&quot;) no se debe a que se haya conservado más fiel al original sino a que evolucionó más apegado a la metrópoli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5339" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T20:16:52.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8253" CreationDate="2014-07-25T00:32:12.087" Score="4" ViewCount="5608" Body="&lt;p&gt;En programas de television, y recientemente al interactuar con la gente en mi viaje a Mexico, vi que la expresión de &quot;echar aguas&quot; es muy popular, al parecer solo en la cultura mexicana. De donde se originó esta expresión que quiere decir &quot;avisar&quot; o algo similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si ves que vienen los dueños de la casa, me echas aguas. &lt;em&gt;Aguas! Aguas! Allí vienen!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastActivityDate="2014-07-26T03:29:07.437" Title="De donde se origina la expresion &quot;echar aguas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8252" CreationDate="2014-07-25T00:49:19.070" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los tiempos medievales y un poco más adelante, no habían desagües y la gente echaba el agua hacia una zanja en medio de la calle o los que vivían en altos la tiraban por la ventana o balcón, estos últimos antes de lanzar los desechos gritaban &lt;code&gt;¡Agua!&lt;/code&gt; para avisar  que iban a tirar desechos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí que para avisar a alguien se diga &lt;code&gt;¡echar aguas!&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;¡Aguas!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-07-25T16:59:03.213" LastActivityDate="2014-07-25T16:59:03.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-25T02:23:25.107" Score="8" ViewCount="6380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that Spanish &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; has two pronunciations: at the beginning of the word it is a hard &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;; between vowels, it is pronounced /ð/, much like &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; in English &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please look at this sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros nos reunimos para &lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt; la bienvenida a la profesora.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I say  /para ðar la/ or /para dar la/?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5304" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-14T03:24:42.453" LastActivityDate="2020-06-30T13:07:39.457" Title="How should I pronounce the Spanish consonant 'd'?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8254" CreationDate="2014-07-25T04:33:09.790" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a good question, and unfortunately the answer is, &amp;quot;it depends&amp;quot;.  The Spanish letter &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; has different pronunciations depending on where it comes in a word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Word-initially&lt;/strong&gt;, it will generally have a sound closer to the English &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;, although pronounced with the tongue behind the teeth, rather than upon the upper alveolar ridge (on the hard palate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intervocalically&lt;/strong&gt; (between vowels), the Spanish &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; is normally realized as /ð/, that is, the same sound you make when you say the word &lt;em&gt;rather&lt;/em&gt;.  In some dialects, it may be /Ø/ (elided/silent) if it comes before the last syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Word-finally&lt;/strong&gt;, the pronunciation will vary a bit more.  The four most common pronunciations are /d/ (like word-initial), /t/ (also with tongue behind teeth), /θ/ (as in &lt;strong&gt;th&lt;/strong&gt;istle), or /Ø/.  This is heavily dependent on dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you'd think the answer would be easy.  &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; has a word-initial &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;, so it should sound /d/.  However, in Spanish, many words will often be pronounced together as if they were a single word, especially in fast speech.  Prepositions, object pronouns, demonstratives, and articles are the most likely to be &amp;quot;joined&amp;quot; to a more significant word, generally a verb/noun/adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would normally have the following word groupings in speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(nosotros) (nos reunimos) (para dar) (la bienvenida) (a la profesora)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this significant?  Because each group is pronounced as if a single word, that is, as if it read &lt;em&gt;nosotros nosreunimos paradar labienvenida alaprofesora&lt;/em&gt;.  In this case, you can see that the &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; is now positioned between two vowels, and would thus be pronounced /ð/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, let's say you trail off after saying &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; because you were deciding between saying &lt;em&gt;dar la bienvenida&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;saludar&lt;/em&gt;.  Notice how the grouping changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(nosotros) (nos reunimos) (para...) (ehm...) (dar) (la bienvenida) (a la profesora)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; is back to its own word group, and will get the word-initial pronunciation of /d/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-06-29T20:51:49.260" LastActivityDate="2020-06-29T20:51:49.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2791" CreationDate="2014-07-25T08:19:48.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Common practice is to omit the accents on vowels in all caps situations (in scrolling signs) when space is at an absolute premium, even the Ü gets it elided sometimes (you'll see ARGUELLES and ARGÜELLES for in Madrid transit signage).  The Ñ normally gets rendered with the right vertical line slightly lowered to make space, or the entire N made smaller with a flat vertical bar for the tilde.  Ocassionally you might see !? instead of ¡¿ on some systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with Walter Mitty's comment that, region-depending, &lt;em&gt;ny&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nh&lt;/em&gt; are combinations you'll see to replace &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;.  Those closer to Portugal or Brazil will tend towards &lt;em&gt;nh&lt;/em&gt;, all others towards &lt;em&gt;ny&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, unfortunately, you've said you're stuck with lowercase.  While the text will be readable, it's going to look horribly, horribly unprofessional to not use accents and I can't discourage you enough from doing it.  I get that you're stuck with what you have, but if you're looking to make this work for multiple languages, I'd highly recommend investing in a system that can handle more characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-25T08:19:48.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8254" CreationDate="2014-07-26T03:24:41.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, we Spanish speakers are not aware that 'd' has different sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There might be different sounds (I'd say it depends on regions) but to me (Argentine) our 'd' is similar to English 'd', only that a little softer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can pronounce that way always and it won't never sound wrong. We &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt; stick the tongue between-out of the teeth (as in &amp;quot;this&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-06-30T13:07:39.457" LastActivityDate="2020-06-30T13:07:39.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8252" CreationDate="2014-07-26T03:29:07.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina no se usa la expresión de esa manera. Pero, con el mismo origen que comenta Emilio en la otra respuesta, se usa ocasionalmente la expresión &lt;code&gt;...sin decir &quot;agua va&quot;&lt;/code&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;...sin avisar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-07-26T03:29:07.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2014-07-26T10:34:32.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some questions to ask you.I have tried learning Spanish on some websites, by some language learning programs and I've noticed that:&#xA;-The single &quot;r&quot;sound: They taught me that it's only trilled when it's at the beginning of a word or after letters l,n,s  and it sounds like an English &quot;d&quot; in most of situations but I heard that it's also slightly trilled in the word &quot;comer&quot; or &quot;tarde&quot;.&#xA;-The &quot;v&quot; sound: it sounds like a &quot;b&quot; but I still hear some native speakers pronounce as an English &quot;v&quot; like the word &quot;bienvenidos&quot; or &quot;verdad&quot;.&#xA;- The &quot;d&quot;sound: it sounds like an English &quot;d&quot; but in the word &quot;nada&quot;, I find it &#xA;does not. But I do not hear the sound clearly so I can't repeat it.&#xA;I hope you will explain to me how it sounds soon. Or if i don't hear the sound of any of three letters above incorrectly, please tell me.&#xA;Thank you very much. Always hope for answers from native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5346" LastActivityDate="2014-07-26T10:34:32.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8260" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8261" CreationDate="2014-07-26T16:58:34.037" Score="2" ViewCount="26872" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo varios videos de Les Luthiers, he notado que la frase &quot;la calavera no chilla&quot; aparece varias veces en sus bromas.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede que sea una expresión argentina? ¿Qué significa y cuál es el origen de la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-10-13T22:35:19.247" LastActivityDate="2020-06-17T18:52:56.897" Title="Origen y significado de &quot;la calavera no chilla&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8260" CreationDate="2014-07-26T18:01:03.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Proverbios_argentinos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Proverbios argentinos: Wikiquote&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Calavera no chilla&quot; (la frase completa es &quot;Calavera no chilla y el piola [experimentado] se las banca [soporta]&quot;, en lunfardo &quot;calavera&quot; es el sujeto que practica juergas nocturnas y por esto en ocasiones hace peligrar su salud)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significaría: &lt;em&gt;Si ayer trasnochaste, no te quejes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lunfardo&lt;/em&gt; según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habla que originariamente empleaba, en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y sus alrededores, la gente de clase baja. Parte de sus vocablos y locuciones se introdujeron posteriormente en la lengua popular y se difundieron en el español de la Argentina y el Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-14T12:55:28.407" LastActivityDate="2019-10-14T12:55:28.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1137" CreationDate="2014-07-27T12:04:49.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;em&gt;camarada&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;camera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;room&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Comrades&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;em&gt;roommates&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you ever heard of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/communism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;communism&lt;/a&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes. In France, we say &lt;em&gt;camarade&lt;/em&gt; a lot. Of course, &lt;em&gt;camarade&lt;/em&gt; is the established name between communists, and between socialists too. &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/QAAMPPEjjPw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jean Ferrat has even made a beautiful song of it.&lt;/a&gt; But the word &lt;em&gt;camarade&lt;/em&gt; is also often used without political meaning. It is used to mean &lt;em&gt;friend&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;buddy&lt;/em&gt;. It is also used particularly at school. &lt;em&gt;Camarade de classe&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;classmate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2014-07-27T12:04:49.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-27T12:09:05.853" Score="5" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo siento, yo no hablo español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sadaic.org.ar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this organisation&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Sociedad Argentina de Autores y Compositores de Música&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why the acronym &lt;strong&gt;SADAIC&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;strong&gt;SADAYC&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="5351" LastEditDate="2017-11-05T21:10:16.683" LastActivityDate="2020-06-20T04:09:52.887" Title="Why &quot;SADAIC&quot; and not &quot;SADAYC&quot;?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1137" CreationDate="2014-07-27T18:37:05.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Camarada=Comrade, so &lt;code&gt;Camarada&lt;/code&gt; more than a friend is a &lt;code&gt;mate&lt;/code&gt; as Nicolas said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastActivityDate="2014-07-27T18:37:05.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8267" CreationDate="2014-07-28T18:46:03.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acronyms in Spanish should normally include just the primary words (excluding prepositions like &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;), for which we'd presume the acronym &lt;em&gt;SAACM&lt;/em&gt;.  Not the most pronunciable thing, the two options would be either spelling out the letters as /esja:θe:me/ which might just be heard read back as &lt;em&gt;SACM&lt;/em&gt;, or reading it out which is tough given the &lt;em&gt;-cm&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So by adding the &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-y-&lt;/em&gt;, you get something a bit more pronounceable, except for the &lt;em&gt;-m&lt;/em&gt;: SADAYCM: /sadaik/ + &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;.  Clearly they decided to just drop the M because it's a pain to say, so that gets them &lt;em&gt;SADAYC&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; is generally not allowed in the interior of a word unless between vowels (exceptions: soy/doy/voy with post-positioned object pronouns as in &lt;em&gt;voyme&lt;/em&gt;), so they probably decided that &lt;em&gt;SADAIC&lt;/em&gt; made more sense as its abbreviation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: as angus points out, the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; stays on its own syllable.  Looking around online, it's common for it to be written with only an initial cap, as &lt;em&gt;Sadaíc&lt;/em&gt;.  Based on that, I'd say the use of the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is simply because up until the most recent orthography of the language, a &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; couldn't have an accent and obligatorily would form a diphthong with the preceding syllable.  Technically, under the new orthography, they could use &lt;em&gt;Sadaýc&lt;/em&gt;, but since they're already using it with an &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, they're unlikely to change now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-07-30T14:04:12.223" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T14:04:12.223" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8272" CreationDate="2014-07-28T21:25:25.483" Score="7" ViewCount="3930" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this sentence &quot;Mi habitación es la número cinco.&quot; Why couldn't &quot;número&quot; be masculine as in &quot;el número cinco&quot;? Does it have something to do with the gender of &quot;habitación&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm asking this question because I'm sure I've heard &quot;número&quot; as a masculine noun before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considere esta frase &quot;Mi habitación es la número cinco.&quot; ¿Por qué no podría &quot;número&quot; ser masculino, como en &quot;el número cinco&quot;? ¿Tiene algo que ver con el género de la &quot;habitación&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy haciendo esta pregunta porque estoy seguro de que he oído &quot;número&quot; como un sustantivo masculino antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2014-07-31T22:07:02.817" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T22:07:02.817" Title="Is &quot;número&quot; masculine or feminine?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8271" CreationDate="2014-07-28T22:44:50.563" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed.  What's happening is there's an omited word(s).  For example, if I'm describing the room, I can use any of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es la grande.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es la del fondo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es la que tiene mi maleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Returning to your phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es la &lt;strong&gt;habitación&lt;/strong&gt; número cinco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;número X&lt;/em&gt; is itself a &quot;short&quot; hand for ordinal numbers (and also whenever labels include non-numbers, like 3B) in which you're really saying &lt;em&gt;con el/del número X&lt;/em&gt;, where it is more obvious why &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt; stays in the masculine as it's being used as an actual noun.  Effectively, &lt;em&gt;habitación número cinco&lt;/em&gt; es the same as &lt;em&gt;quinta habitación&lt;/em&gt;.  (Doesn't seem like much of a short hand until you get, say, &lt;em&gt;aula número 2579&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;dos milésima quingentésima septuagésima nona aula&lt;/em&gt; and you remember that ordinal numbers are a PITA after about 30. )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-07-29T11:46:38.073" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T11:46:38.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2014-07-28T23:35:06.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I watched a YouTube video that advised saying &quot;put it on&quot; quicker and quicker until accomplishing the ability to roll your /r/.  Could roll my /r/ in twenty minutes after months of failure prior.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5356" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T09:07:23.403" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T09:07:23.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8274" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8276" CreationDate="2014-07-29T02:53:21.607" Score="5" ViewCount="18867" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo es mas apropiado usar &quot;liberar&quot; o &quot;libertar&quot;? ¿Qué diferencias hay entre las dos? Connotan algo distinto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él los &lt;strong&gt;libertó&lt;/strong&gt; de la esclavitud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él los &lt;strong&gt;liberó&lt;/strong&gt; de la esclavitud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T09:04:17.570" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T09:04:17.570" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;libertar&quot;, y cuando &quot;liberar&quot;? ¿Qué diferencias hay entre las dos palabras?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2014-07-29T11:28:25.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;libertar. (De liberto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Poner en libertad&lt;/strong&gt; o soltar a quien está atado, preso o sujeto físicamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Librar a alguien de una atadura moral.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;liberar. (Del lat. liberāre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Eximir a alguien de una obligación. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que alguien o algo quede libre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desprender, producir, secretar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De las citas de la RAE queda claro que, con respecto a la esclavitud, el verbo correcto es &lt;strong&gt;libertar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T11:28:25.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2014-07-29T13:19:33.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas se pueden usar porque son sinónimos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/libertar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de sinónimos y antónimos © 2005 Espasa-Calpe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque liberar tiene un sentido más amplio que libertar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Libertar (de Liberto) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latin-dictionary.net/definition/25606/liberto-libertare-libertavi-libertatus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en Ingles&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. E:exempt &#xA;2. liberate&#xA;&#xA;Liberate: to give liberty to; make free.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Liberar (de Liberare) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latin-dictionary.net/definition/25600/libero-liberare-liberavi-liberatus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en Ingles&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. acquit, absolve &#xA;2. free &#xA;3. liberate, release &#xA;4. manumit&#xA;&#xA;Manumit:  to free from slavery, servitude, etc; emancipate.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo que propones ambas son correctas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos en la Biblia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuidado con el enlace es un PDF de 2100 páginas.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://media.ldscdn.org/pdf/lds-scriptures/holy-bible/holy-bible-spa.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Santa Biblia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Isaías capitulo 42: Isaías habla del Mesías — Jehová traerá Su ley y Su justicia, será una luz a las naciones y &lt;strong&gt;liberará a los presos&lt;/strong&gt; — Alabad a Jehová.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Isaías capitulo 45: Ciro &lt;strong&gt;liberará de Babilonia a los cautivos de Israel&lt;/strong&gt; — Venid a Jehová (Cristo) y sed salvos — Ante Él se doblará toda rodilla y jurará toda lengua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque el que en el Señor &lt;strong&gt;es llamado siendo esclavo, a liberto es del Señor&lt;/strong&gt;; asimismo, el que es llamado siendo libre, esclavo es de Cristo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Libertar es apropiado cuando al que liberas esta sujeto por una obligación moral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-07-29T21:42:00.517" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T21:42:00.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2014-07-29T15:11:49.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's everything presented in a table (/x/ may be realized as [χ], [x] or [h] depending on dialect, and /g/ may be [g] or [ɣ] depending on position).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;╭─────╥───────┬───────┬───────┬───────┬───────╮&#xA;│     ║   A   │   E   │   I   │   O   │   U   │&#xA;╞═════╬═══════╪═══════╪═══════╪═══════╪═══════╡&#xA;│ J   ║  xa   │  xe   │  xi   │  xo   │  xu   │&#xA;│ G   ║  ga   │  xe   │  xi   │  go   │  gu   │&#xA;│ GU  ║  gwa  │  ge   │  gi   │  gwo  │  gwu* │&#xA;│ GÜ  ║   —   │  gwe  │  gwi  │   —   │   —   │&#xA;│     ║       │       │       │       │       │&#xA;│ Z   ║ θa/sa │   —⁑  │   —⁑  │ θo/so │ θu/su │&#xA;│ C   ║  ka   │ θe/se │ θi/si │  ko   │  ku   │&#xA;│ QU  ║   —   │  ke   │  ki   │   —   │   —   │&#xA;└─────╨───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┘&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Hypothetical, I don't know any words in Spanish that have &lt;em&gt;-guu-&lt;/em&gt;, but there may be one or two out there.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;(⁑) Imported words maintaining their original orthography can use &lt;em&gt;ze&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zi&lt;/em&gt;, but pronouncing them as &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;ci&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how the E/I columns appear to be shifted down a row, with je/ji being completely redudant in modern Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T10:14:07.247" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T10:14:07.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8286" CreationDate="2014-07-29T15:36:20.603" Score="7" ViewCount="540" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;The Grapes of Wrath&quot; there's a scene where they're talking about toilets. When the water in the toilet is discussed, in the translation (&quot;Las Uvas de la Ira&quot;), the word is not translated (to &quot;agua&quot; as would be expected), but it remains &quot;water&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Lady come in las' week, an' she got in here 'fore the committee got to her, an' she had her ol' man's pants in the toilet,...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Una senora llego la semana pasada y entro aqui antes de que la visitara el comite y habia metido los pantalones de su marido en el water,...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it wasn't water:water after all, it's toilet:water, but still it seems an odd translation to me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-07-30T03:07:43.643" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T14:25:54.290" Title="Why would &quot;water&quot; not be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8280" CreationDate="2014-07-29T20:12:03.970" Score="5" ViewCount="1438" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always thought the Spanish pronoun &quot;su&quot; means &quot;his/hers&quot;, as in &lt;em&gt;su perro es grande&lt;/em&gt;. Recently though in my language studies, I've noticed &quot;su&quot; being used in the &quot;your&quot; context as in &lt;em&gt;por favor, deme su maleta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct or merely an aberration that shouldn't be followed? In my English mind, both sound good, but that has failed me many times already. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he pensado que el pronombre español &quot;su&quot; significa &quot;his/hers&quot;, como en &lt;em&gt;su perro es grande&lt;/em&gt;. Recientemente, en mis estudios de la lengua, me he dado cuenta de &quot;su&quot; que se utiliza en el contexto &quot;your&quot; como &lt;em&gt;por favor, deme su maleta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto correcto o simplemente una aberración que no se debe seguir? En mi mente inglesa ambas suenan bien, pero esta regla me ha fallado muchas veces. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-29T14:25:30.203" LastActivityDate="2017-10-29T14:25:30.203" Title="What is the usage of the pronoun &quot;su&quot;? Is it a correct translation from &quot;your&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8279" CreationDate="2014-07-29T21:37:36.823" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot; to address someone (here implicitly), you need to use the third person singular so the proper pronoun is &amp;quot;su&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, (dame) tu maleta. (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, (deme) su maleta. (formal, honorific)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1427/usted-and-its-usage&quot;&gt;usted and its usage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T22:25:06.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8271" CreationDate="2014-07-30T01:12:50.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because you are getting the gender out of Habitación (which is femenine) not from número&#xA;For instance using cuarto (room), which is masculine the same phrase would read&#xA;mi cuarto es el número cinco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T01:12:50.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8279" CreationDate="2014-07-30T02:49:19.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ah &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;. Perhaps the most polysemantic word in Spanish for us English speakers alongside &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; can mean, thanks to our lack of distinction in the second-person and our extra distinction in the third person, any of the following: &lt;em&gt;his, her, its, their, your,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;y'all's&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The apparent mixing of second and third persons is because the formal &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; functions grammatically as third person (compare to in English taking to a judge: &quot;Has Your Honor seen &lt;em&gt;his/her&lt;/em&gt; docket for the day?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's a risk of confusion, you might &lt;em&gt;de Vd.&lt;/em&gt; instead, but since you're hearing it in a formal command, the presumptive weight is on &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;==&lt;em&gt;Vd.&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T02:49:19.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8278" CreationDate="2014-07-30T05:16:44.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you point out in your update, it's actually the word &lt;em&gt;toilet&lt;/em&gt; that's being translated as &lt;em&gt;wáter&lt;/em&gt;.  Trust me when I say it doesn't sound weird to natives (unless they use &lt;em&gt;inodoro&lt;/em&gt; or some other term instead).  It's been fully incorporated into the language and so beyond perhaps connecting it to the British term &lt;em&gt;watercloset&lt;/em&gt;, I can promise you no native speaker is thinking &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; when they see &lt;em&gt;wáter/váter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T05:16:44.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8278" CreationDate="2014-07-30T10:14:58.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an odd translation, I grew up in Mexico and reside in the US and had never heard or read this word until now, tho as @guifa indicates if I where reading the book (in spanish) I would question it's meaning but wouldn't think of &quot;agua&quot;.&#xA;So my guess is the edition you are reading is meant for distribution in certain countries.&#xA;What I found is that &quot;Wáter&quot; meaning toilet is used in  Chile, Perú, Uruguay, Paraguay, some parts of Argentina and also in Spain where the alternative spelling is &quot;Váter&quot; but they also use &quot;Inodoro&quot; which i think would've been a more general translation. In Latin America you will also run into &quot;WC&quot; but it means the space (restroom)&#xA;And here are some variations if you ever need to find a toilet:&#xA;Sanitario, Escusado, Poceta, Servicio (Costa Rica, Honduras &amp;amp; Panama) &amp;amp; also &quot;Retrete&quot; (small place to retire to) :)&#xA;Cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5361" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T05:49:20.360" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T05:49:20.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8271" CreationDate="2014-07-30T11:38:03.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's an &lt;code&gt;Elipsis nominal&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;La número 5&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;La habitación número 5&lt;/strong&gt; and so that &lt;code&gt;habitación&lt;/code&gt; has feminin gender, it's said &lt;strong&gt;La número 5&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other types of &quot;Elipsis&quot; like &lt;code&gt;verbal&lt;/code&gt; i.e. &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Lo bueno si breve, dos veces bueno&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Lo bueno si es breve, es dos veces bueno.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;, &lt;code&gt;preposicional&lt;/code&gt; and &#xA;&lt;code&gt;oracional&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;A Pepe le gusta el helado, a Luis no.&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;A Pepe le gusta el helado, a Luis no le gusta el helado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T11:38:03.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8278" CreationDate="2014-07-30T11:57:37.580" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a derivation of the English term &quot;Water-closet&quot; which has been &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/v%C3%A1ter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incorporated into Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the correct accepted word is váter (so the correct translation would be váter), the common usage on the date the book was translated was water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T21:43:50.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8288" CreationDate="2014-07-30T15:22:12.937" Score="2" ViewCount="5354" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una amiga en México siempre me decía que andaba tan ocupada que el tiempo «se le había pasado de volada». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el significado implicado pero al realizar una búsqueda en Google (Al &lt;em&gt;Googlearlo&lt;/em&gt; jeje) no me sale ninguna página con esta frase ni con algo parecido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que existe el «el tiempo se me ha pasado volando» lo cual me parece tener todo sentido pero quería saber si esta frase si existe o si es nada más otro mexicanismo, o jugada de la lengua entre amigos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:44:17.953" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:44:17.953" Title="&quot;Se me ha pasado de volada&quot; - ¿Mal dicho?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8287" CreationDate="2014-07-30T16:34:38.810" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;De volada&quot; significa &quot;muy rápido&quot; si ella dice que el tiempo se le fue de volada significa que se le fue muy rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Vete por las tortillas de volada! [Vete por las tortillas, rápido]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es bastante normal en México. Se puede utilizar en todos los contextos, formales e informales, a menos claro que el asunto requiera extrema formalidad, pero no debería haber ningún problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T19:15:08.557" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T19:15:08.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8287" CreationDate="2014-07-30T18:22:10.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comentario adicional &quot;de volada&quot; también lo usamos en México como sinónimo de mujer que anda coqueteando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Adriana anda de volada con el hijo de don Toño&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T18:22:10.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8287" CreationDate="2014-07-31T04:46:38.807" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De voladas se usa como sinónimo de: mas o menos, algo, un poco. Denota cierta cantidad pero no en su totalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5364" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T04:46:38.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8278" CreationDate="2014-07-31T11:04:00.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It was translated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In much of the Spanish-speaking world, &quot;Water Closet&quot; (often abbreviated as 'W.C') is borrowed from English, and can mean the same as the American terms toilet (the actual porcelain fixture) or bathroom (the room which contains the porcelain fixture).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took this photo in a public restroom in Madrid, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kLF5D.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you saw was a translation from &quot;toilet&quot; to the short version of the Anglicanism &quot;water closet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-05-30T04:09:59.820" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T04:09:59.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8299" CreationDate="2014-07-31T19:46:58.593" Score="1" ViewCount="1176" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the/a correct way to say &quot;I have something to myself&quot;?  For example, I wanted to say &quot;I have the house to myself this weekend&quot;.  I said &quot;Tengo la casa a mi mismo&quot;.  That felt wrong, but I couldn't find another way to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="579" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-08-01T01:53:37.160" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T02:40:10.327" Title="Having something &quot;to myself&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8292" CreationDate="2014-07-31T20:06:18.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say: &quot;Tengo la casa para mí este fin de semana&quot;. If I'd like to emphasize the fact that it is to myself and nobody else: &quot;Tengo la casa para mí solo este fin de semana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That probably sounds a bit familiar. If you want to be more formal you could say &quot;Dispongo de la casa [para] este fin de semana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T20:06:18.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8292" CreationDate="2014-07-31T20:06:57.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la casa para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... if I understood the original intent right (would it be roughly the same as &quot;I have the house &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; me&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To emphasize that your are the only one to enjoy (or work on) the thing, you could say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la casa para mí solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say &quot;Tengo la casa para mí mismo&quot;, it sounds wrong; that would be right only when there the subject (or the agent) of the phrase is also the object. Eg: &quot;Me golpeé a mí mismo&quot; (I hit myself) &quot;El regalo lo compré para mí mismo&quot; (I bought the present to myself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T20:06:57.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8296" CreationDate="2014-07-31T20:56:34.840" Score="6" ViewCount="2152" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question is more out curiosity than anything else, but I was wondering if there is a reason that nouns like &quot;artista&quot;, &quot;testigo&quot;, and &quot;poeta&quot; are gender neutral, meaning the word ending doesn't change based on the gender like the word &quot;misionero/a&quot; does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To someone like me still learning Spanish, you would expect &quot;la artista&quot; and &quot;el artisto&quot;. Or &quot;el testigo&quot; and &quot;la testiga&quot;. Or &quot;la poeta&quot; and &quot;el poeto&quot;. But that's not the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought there might be a phonetic reason for this abnormality, but it doesn't appear to be that. Can anyone help me out? Is there a noticeable pattern that you can follow to find other nouns like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta es más por curiosidad que por otra cosa, pero me preguntaba si hay una razón por la que sustantivos como &quot;artista&quot;, &quot;testigo&quot;, y &quot;poeta&quot; son neutrales al género, es decir, la palabra final no cambia basado en el género como la palabra &quot;misionero/a&quot; hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para alguien como yo que todavía está aprendiendo español, que se puede esperar &quot;la artista&quot; y &quot;el artisto&quot;. O &quot;el testigo&quot; y &quot;la testiga&quot;. O &quot;la poeta&quot; y &quot;el poeto&quot;. Pero eso no es el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé que podría ser una razón fonética para esta anormalidad, pero no parece ser ese. ¿Alguien puede ayudarme? ¿Existe un patrón notable que usted puede seguir para encontrar otros sustantivos como este?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T12:49:49.393" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T20:05:23.223" Title="Origin of gender-neutral nouns such as &quot;la/el artista&quot;, &quot;la/el testigo&quot;, &quot;la/el poeta&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8295" CreationDate="2014-07-31T21:48:58.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They aren't actually gender neutral nouns in Spanish except adjectives that have been forced into nouns like &lt;em&gt;lo bueno&lt;/em&gt;.  Neuter gender would mean they'd use the article lo, or would always use a neuter adjective form (which is &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, it matches the masculine one). Of the Romance languages, only Asturian and Romanian have significant use for the neuter with nouns/adjectives.  What you're describing is actually a word being of the &quot;common gender&quot; (&lt;em&gt;género común&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reasons will be different depending on the word. Some came from words that had nothing to with jobs and people started using them for jobs, and so the &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; ending would sound weird (like with &lt;em&gt;piloto&lt;/em&gt;). Some are considered positions, like military ranks, and don't change (includes &lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt; probably).  Others have suffixes that naturally end in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;, and it's generally only words ending in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; in their base form that change their vowel. Still others came from the active participle forms &lt;em&gt;-ante, -(i)ente&lt;/em&gt; which don't change, although there is a tendency to start adapting some but not all of these (&lt;em&gt;presidenta&lt;/em&gt;, for instance) to have a separate feminine form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-01T04:02:58.407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T04:02:58.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8298" CreationDate="2014-07-31T21:58:45.437" Score="5" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen the Spanish preposition &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; used in various ways in my studies. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella pone la ropa en la cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She puts the clothes &lt;strong&gt;on&lt;/strong&gt; the bed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo gozo en mi corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have joy &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt; my heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gusano está en mi manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The worm is &lt;strong&gt;in/on&lt;/strong&gt; (?) my apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is the worm?! Because depending on the usage, I can still eat my apple. (If I wash it first.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; be used interchangeably for &amp;quot;in&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;on&amp;quot;? Are there any special rules about &amp;quot;en&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto la preposición &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; utilizada de diversas maneras en mis estudios. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella pone la ropa en la cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She puts the clothes &lt;strong&gt;on&lt;/strong&gt; the bed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo gozo en mi corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have joy &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt; my heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora considere esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gusano está en mi manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The worm is &lt;strong&gt;in/on&lt;/strong&gt; (?) my apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡¿Dónde está el gusano?! Porque dependiendo del uso, todavía puedo comer mi manzana. (Si la lavo primero.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; se puede utilizar indistintamente para &amp;quot;in&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;on&amp;quot;? ¿Hay unas reglas especiales sobre &amp;quot;en&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T23:49:56.447" Title="Should I eat my apple? Usage of the preposition &quot;en&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8297" CreationDate="2014-07-31T22:08:55.293" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; works just fine for most situations to say &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;. Sometimes though, you might say differing that's ambiguous or contrary to the &lt;em&gt;normal&lt;/em&gt; interpretation. For example, if I say something is &lt;em&gt;en la mesa&lt;/em&gt;, generally we're going to presume its on the table. But if I really mean to say inside the table (maybe, a hidden compartment, or special wiring, who knows), then I'll pretty much need to use a more specific word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To distinguish in these cases, use &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;encima de&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone else says &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; and you feel there's ambiguity, just ask for clarification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T22:08:55.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8292" CreationDate="2014-08-01T02:40:10.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You only use &quot;mí mismo&quot;, &quot;sí mismo&quot; and the like when the person is the main subject of the sentence, e.g: &quot;Se hace daño a sí mismo haciendo eso&quot; (he hurt himself doing that). For language economy we tend to omit it and only use it to add emphasis, because the rest of the sentence has to conform with the subject and so the target is already implied (although it is not redundant to add it, it's correct).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;Tengo la casa para mí mismo&quot; it will sound like &quot;I have the house for me myself&quot;, and is actually not a correct use as the main object in question is &quot;house&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can simply say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la casa para mí este fin de semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it will already imply that its &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; for you. You can also say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Tengo la casa &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; para mí este fin de semana&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and you will emphasize that you are alone, but it can also imply that you want it to remain that way, or are forbidden to bring anyone else in. Beware that if you say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Tengo la casa para mi solo este fin de semana&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means that you have the house &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; this weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easy way to find out if you should use &quot;* mismo&quot; is to ask &quot;who?&quot;. If the anwser is not he/she/it, then you should not use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fun fact: Spaniards have problems with the use of &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt;, and in english I would probably end up saying that I have the house all &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; myself :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T02:40:10.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1734" CreationDate="2014-08-01T03:38:29.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It whould be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que el gerente de marketing venga a verme cuanto antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation would include &quot;Haz&quot; like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haz&lt;/strong&gt; que el gerente de marketing venga a verme cuanto antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it lays the responsibility directly on her shoulders, and you actually don't care &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; does it, you just need it done. It's not wrong, but sounds weird and a native won't ever say it that way. If you want the one you are asking to do something to do it herself, you add the infamous &quot;I want YOU to do X&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que [tú/vos] hagas venir al gerente de marketing cuanto antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if you want to make it literal (and turn your request into a command, and sound passive-agressive):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que [tú/vos] &lt;strong&gt;personalmente&lt;/strong&gt; hagas venir al gerente de marketing cuanto antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to put it simple, in spanish if you want something done, you just command the universe for it to happen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que X haga Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say that to somebody, it is implied that you want her to ensure it happens. It she does it herself, or in a team, or someone else does it, you dont mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, we don't have an exact, perfect translation for &lt;em&gt;marketing&lt;/em&gt;, we use the English word, and the same goes for software and some other &quot;modern&quot; things, but if we where to translate it, it would probably be &quot;mercado&quot;. We cannot use a gerund as a substantive in spanish, nor can we create gerunds on substantives as easy as in English because they doesn't sound natural at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we deal with (regular) verbs, we add &lt;em&gt;ando&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;endo&lt;/em&gt; for the act, and &lt;em&gt;ción&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ento&lt;/em&gt;. Why two forms for each? The anwser is that it's inherited from the Latin language, in which it does make some sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the word &lt;em&gt;planning&lt;/em&gt; as used when someone is planning something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Planificando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is &lt;em&gt;planning&lt;/em&gt; as the abstract construct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Planificación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Naciendo/Nacer, Curando,Curación&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, to turn a substantive into &lt;em&gt;the abstract act of...&lt;/em&gt; as it if were a verb, you add &lt;em&gt;eo&lt;/em&gt; at the end, or _deo if it doesn't end in a consonant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Market/Marketing: Mercado/Mercadeo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this almost never has meaning for us, sounds weird and we do it very rarely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&quot;Cuanto antes&quot; is short for &quot;Cuanto antes sea posible&quot; (As soon as possible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T03:38:29.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1933" CreationDate="2014-08-01T04:15:53.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me encantaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I would love to&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sería un placer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;It would be a pleasure&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaría más que contento de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I would be more than happy to...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first and second are the most natural. The third is the most literal, but doesn't sound as good in Spanish as it does in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T04:15:53.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1684" CreationDate="2014-08-01T04:43:31.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Terminar&lt;/em&gt; are the go-for in this case, but if you want a more colourful alternative that is also understood by almost any Spanish speaker, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te viste mudándote a Kansas...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué te viste haciendo para cenar anoche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente me ví trabajando aquí, no estoy seguro cómo sucedió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Altough I wouldn't use it for the dinner case, as it's too flourish and sounds forced. This is something you would write in your biography, speaking about your past to a friend or when you don't quite know how you ended in a situation, e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y finalmente me ví en esa situación, no se cómo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;... and finally I saw myself in that situation, I don't know how.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; both can mean to have an orgasm, and it depends of the local spanish, but are relatively safe and are weak in comparison with other terms)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T04:43:31.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8297" CreationDate="2014-08-01T05:28:21.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say &lt;strong&gt;Ella pone la ropa en la cama&lt;/strong&gt; ever, but &lt;strong&gt;Ella pone la ropa sobre la cama&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say &lt;strong&gt;En la cama&lt;/strong&gt; is more typical if you say &lt;strong&gt;Ella esta en la cama&lt;/strong&gt;, so we understand she is under blankets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastEditorUserId="5336" LastEditDate="2014-08-01T16:14:04.037" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T16:14:04.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8297" CreationDate="2014-08-01T05:32:23.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/strong&gt; You can freely use &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; as translation for &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;. If you want to be specific, maybe because it's not where you would expect it to be, use &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; for the first case and &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt; for the second, as &lt;strong&gt;guifa&lt;/strong&gt; suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why we do that?  In other words, why do we allow for a certain amount of vagueness in our use of prepositions of place?  For the main rule of languages: &lt;strong&gt;economy&lt;/strong&gt;. In English there is no difference in effort to say either in or on, so you don't win anything by being less specific, but compare &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; and you'll see why we might find it easier to let the listener decide where to expect the object we're talking about. We can also use this ambiguity to build false expectations, create surprise, or play with words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less specific word choice with prepositions of place is also &lt;strong&gt;practical or convenient&lt;/strong&gt; in some contexts. Suppose you have a desk with a drawer, and you want someone to pick up a letter you wrote, but you don't remember if you left it on the desk or in its drawer. You can safely tell him:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traeme la carta, está en mi escritorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bring me the letter, it's in/on the desk.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the sentence will be correct either way. If he doesn't find it &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt; the desk, he'll know it must be &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; the desk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastEditorUserId="5372" LastEditDate="2019-05-09T23:49:56.447" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T23:49:56.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8235" CreationDate="2014-08-01T06:18:00.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nico explains the first question very well.&#xA;To anwser your second question, &lt;em&gt;la ve&lt;/em&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;la cara&lt;/em&gt;, as part of the supposition we're making about what could it be that is hitting us, and not to the unknown object itself. As &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; is feminine, the rest of the sentence has to match it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T06:18:00.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2014-08-01T06:29:29.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Libertar es el acto de transformar a alguien en &lt;strong&gt;liberto&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo que un libertador es alguien que liberta gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Liberar es el acto de dejar libre a alguien, y un liberador es alguien que libera gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un liberto es alguien que antes estaba preso y ha sido liberado, por lo que para libertar a alguien hay que liberarlo, y viceversa. Ambas palabras son por tanto en esencia sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T06:29:29.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8297" CreationDate="2014-08-01T08:11:22.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is actually a hard time when spanish speaking people is learning english. When to say &quot;on&quot; and when to say &quot;in&quot;? If I am &quot;&lt;em&gt;en la playa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; why should I be &quot;on the beach&quot;? If I say I am &quot;&lt;em&gt;sobre la playa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; it means I'm in an helicopter or plane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens because in english &quot;in&quot; and &quot;on&quot; are strictly delimited, to mean &quot;inside of&quot; and &quot;above&quot;, while in spanish &quot;&lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has the complete meaning of being &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; one place, whatever that implies being over it, inside it, or none of them. Spanish are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;en la playa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;en la casa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;en Trafalgar Square&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;en 2014&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T08:11:22.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8297" CreationDate="2014-08-01T11:42:14.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I started learning Spanish I also thought this one was a bit tricky, so I found a different way of thinking about it. In English we can often be quite lazy and people will still understand but not always this is the same in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of using the words &lt;code&gt;sobre&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dentro&lt;/code&gt; instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El gusano esta dentro de la manzana&lt;/code&gt; - The worm is inside the apple. This makes it pretty clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El gusano esta sobre la manzana&lt;/code&gt; - The worm is on (about the surface of) the apple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking I hardly ever hear anyone say that something in &lt;code&gt;en la mesa&lt;/code&gt; almost always they say &lt;code&gt;tal cosa esta sobre la mesa&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you probably wouldn't need to say &lt;code&gt;Tengo un dolor dentro del estomago&lt;/code&gt; because you don't need to be as specific. Here &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; will suffice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I see it, based on my experience...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sobre&lt;/code&gt; - about / on the surface of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;encima de&lt;/code&gt; - Also about the surface of but can refer to slightly above the surface or something that covers swathes of the surface &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; - In , On  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Adentro de&lt;/code&gt; - Towards the inside of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dentro de&lt;/code&gt; - Inside and Within (Like within the space of a time frame) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final note: If you say &lt;code&gt;hay un gusano en mi manzana&lt;/code&gt; everyone is going to understand that the worm is inside the apple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1340" LastEditorUserId="1340" LastEditDate="2014-08-01T12:45:17.823" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T12:45:17.823" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2014-08-01T19:42:58.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;libertar&quot; is not used. I can only think of the honorific title &quot;libertador&quot; (the one who gives freedom). In Peru it is only used for Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín (the Venezuelan and Argentine generals who fought the Wars of Independence). It is not even used for the Peruvian president who abolished slavery, Ramón Castilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3002" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T21:14:40.197" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T21:14:40.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8315" CreationDate="2014-08-01T21:36:58.370" Score="19" ViewCount="14931" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the origin of gender in Spanish words? (la mesa, el perro) I come from another language (English) that doesn't have gender for nouns, except maybe a few things like ships, planes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not complaining, just curious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen del género en las palabras en español? (la mesa, el perro) Yo vengo de otro idioma (Inglés) que no tiene género para los sustantivos, excepto tal vez algunas cosas como barcos, aviones, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me quejo, sólo es por curiosidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T05:28:55.090" LastActivityDate="2020-01-17T23:30:05.770" Title="Why do Spanish words have gender?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8314" CreationDate="2014-08-01T21:43:17.753" Score="6" ViewCount="6800" Body="&lt;p&gt;When are the object pronouns &lt;em&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt; replaced with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5380" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T04:13:58.290" LastActivityDate="2020-12-03T01:41:06.657" Title="When does one replace &quot;le/les&quot; with the pronoun &quot;se&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8311" CreationDate="2014-08-01T22:08:35.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is a Romance language derived from Latin (through Vulgar Latin) which had the gender distinction for all nouns. And thus the gender distinction rule persists in Spanish. I believe it helps in rearranging the order of sentences and constructing complex sentences without confusion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old English also had genders for inanimate objects but it has disappeared over time in modern English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5380" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T22:08:35.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8312" CreationDate="2014-08-02T01:52:38.730" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The indirect object pronouns &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; change to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; when preceding the direct object pronouns &lt;em&gt;lo, la, los&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I give it to him- &lt;em&gt;Se lo doy.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(can't be &lt;em&gt;Le lo doy&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She tells her mom the truth--She tells it to her.  &lt;em&gt;Se la dice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; is also used &quot;impersonally&quot; when it means &quot;one&quot; (in general).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One can buy milk here= &lt;em&gt;Se puede comprar leche aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5381" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T04:20:36.737" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T04:20:36.737" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8311" CreationDate="2014-08-02T02:03:49.440" Score="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gender is a grammatical feature that was present in Proto-Indo-European, that is, the common ancestor of a diverse group of languages including both English and Spanish, as well as Greek and Hindi.  The development of that is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~rnoyer/courses/51/PIENouns.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interesting read&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both Anglo-Saxon and Latin (the languages from which English and Spanish derive) had a three way gender distinction, masculine, feminine, and neuter.  Along the way, English lost it, now only making a minimal distinction in animacy.  You can see the process of gender loss by looking at Danish, another Germanic language, which depending on region has one, two, or three genders.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most languages derived from Latin lost use of the neuter gender except under highly specific situations.  It seems to me (don't quote me) that most neuter words switched to masculine in the development of Spanish.  Romanian has a neuter, but it means that nouns function as masculine in singular, and feminine in plural.  Asturian likewise has neuter, but primarily uses neuter for uncountable/mass nouns, though it does have its own ending.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatical gender is really just a special type of noun-classing, which is common in many other languages (if you think two or three genders are hard, try Zulu with &lt;strong&gt;fifteen&lt;/strong&gt; genders/classes!).  Looking at Bantu languages (of which Zulu is a member), one might be able to hazard guesses as to the origins of gender in PIE in terms of semantic categorization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're more curious about how a given new word in Spanish acquires its gender, that's a pretty complicated topic.  Most imported words are masculine, unless the language the word came from has M/F gender and then it tends to preserve that gender, but not always.  Sometimes, a word will be imported and obtain two different genders based on region (&lt;em&gt;el/la Internet&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el/la computador(a)&lt;/em&gt;), so there's no single rule.  Sometimes a word I might make up just &lt;em&gt;sounds&lt;/em&gt; like it should be one gender or another, but that's pretty subjective.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T15:39:59.197" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T15:39:59.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8312" CreationDate="2014-08-02T13:16:57.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @toni mentioned the use of le/les or se depends on the type of the Object Pronouns (direct vs. indirect &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/pronombres&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;pronombres&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;pronombres&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DO Pronouns: &lt;em&gt;me, te, &lt;strong&gt;lo/la&lt;/strong&gt;, nos, os, &lt;strong&gt;los/las&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IO Pronounce: &lt;em&gt;me, te, &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;, nos, os, &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When both are used in the same sentence, like here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella te los dan.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;em&gt;She gives them to you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;IO: te&lt;br /&gt;DO: los&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él me lo dice. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;em&gt;He tells it to me&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;IO: me&lt;br/&gt;DO: lo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;change the first pronoun to '&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;' if both start with an '&lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incorrect: No le lo tengo.&lt;br/&gt;Correct: No &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; tengo.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;em&gt;I don't have it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incorrect: Él le los muestra a ella.&lt;br/&gt;Correct: Él &lt;strong&gt;se los&lt;/strong&gt; muestra a ella.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;em&gt;He shows them to her.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such cases you should always try to avoid ambiguous meanings, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él se los muestra. &lt;em&gt;To whom???&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;a ella&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; can refer to Él, Ella or even Ellos or Ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional examples (mind I'm not native and can be wrong):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi gato está loco por su cola. Siempre &lt;strong&gt;se le&lt;/strong&gt; persigue!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;My cat is crazy about its tail. It always chases it!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;IO: le&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;DO: se&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Mi gato tiene un pelaje bueno. Los cazadores &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; persiguen para &lt;strong&gt;matarlo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;My cat has a nice fur. Hunters chase it to kill it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;DO: le&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;DO: matarlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T15:29:40.460" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8323" CreationDate="2014-08-03T07:37:16.200" Score="4" ViewCount="1079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard two expressions which at first I thought were kind of offensive, because of the specific words in them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha mierda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De puta madre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turns out both are actually nice things to say: &lt;em&gt;good luck&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fantastic&lt;/em&gt;. I know they are quite popular in Spain (or at least I think so), but what about the other hispanic countries? I don't really want to get in an awkward situation one day :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How socially acceptable is to use those within everyday conversations? Is it OK to use such expressions when talking with your family, with your friends, people at your age? And then in what situations are they totally NOT OK?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, can you give some other examples where such &amp;quot;bad&amp;quot; words actually imply good things? I wouldn't want to back off and shut down just because I didn't get the real meaning behind them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:46:26.490" Title="Bad words in good phrases - How socially acceptable are they?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-03T10:40:42.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using &quot;good&quot; and &quot;bad&quot; in two different ways here.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words you present are offensive to some people, regardless of whether or not the opinion conveyed is positive or negative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The degree to which listeners will be offended depends on the country, the social class, and whole lot of other factors.  Learning when to be &quot;socially correct&quot; and when not to worry about that is part of learning how to function within a given culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T10:40:42.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3410" CreationDate="2014-08-03T15:24:41.867" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://asale.org/obras-y-proyectos/diccionarios/diccionario-de-americanismos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=parce&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;«parce»&lt;/a&gt; es apócope de «parcero» en Colombia y Ecuador, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=parcero&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;«parcero, -a»&lt;/a&gt; es una forma de tratamiento usada entre jóvenes (amigo íntimo, compañero inseparable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2746" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T15:24:41.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-04T10:39:36.170" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are confused because you are mixing two completely unrelated concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The concept of &quot;bad words&quot; or vulgarities is a social concept, which varies greatly from region to region, and can often be influenced by local laws (i.e. certain English words cannot be said on broadcast television or radio in the US). This is true in any language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The concept of positive or negative statements.  This is a grammatical concept, and is also true in any language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These concepts can be mixed together, and this seems to be where you're confused.  It is possible to use &quot;bad words&quot; in the sense of #1, to make either positive or negative statements.  Whether it's socially acceptable or not depends entirely on the social norms as mentioned in #1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's socially unacceptable to say &quot;mierda&quot; in one context, then using the word &quot;mierda&quot; is unacceptable, regardless of whether it's making a positive or negative statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's socially acceptable to say &quot;mierda&quot;, then it is also socially acceptable to say &quot;mierda&quot; regardless of whether it is making a positive or negative statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me provide some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in a family setting, where saying &quot;Mierda!&quot; would be considered offensive, then you should not say &quot;Mucha mierda!&quot; either... because &quot;mierda&quot; is offensive to those around you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same thing happens in English (or any other language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is inappropriate to say &quot;fuck&quot; in front of your mother, then when she asks if you want dessert, you won't respond by saying &quot;Fuck yeah!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fuck yeah&quot; is obviously a &quot;positive&quot; statement, but you won't use that word in that context, because the positive or negative nature of the statement is &lt;em&gt;completely irrelevant&lt;/em&gt; to the appropriateness of that vocabulary in that context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-04T12:16:44.207" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T12:16:44.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-04T11:52:58.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have come across two different examples here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha mierda&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is slang for Theatre people. There is superstition among them that it is actually bad luck to wish &quot;Good luck&quot; to someone, which would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha suerte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in spanish. So, to avoid saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha suerte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; they have come to &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha mierda&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as a substitute, as it is, on first sight, exactly the opposite, so they try to avoid the Fate that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha mierda&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is common among actors, and uncommon, but not unheard, out of that world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other example, &quot;&lt;em&gt;de puta madre&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;very good&quot;, &quot;fantastic&quot;, &quot;brilliant&quot; or some other similar sentence, based on the context. It is usual in all but the most formal spoken situations, and in almost none of the written ones (except chatting), but in any case it is kind of vulgar, and there are plenty of substitutes that do not sound bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both sentences use offensive words, but both are coined phrases that do not carry the offensiveness of their nucleus word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T11:52:58.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8325" CreationDate="2014-08-04T14:51:47.887" Score="2" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is &quot;se&quot; used in sentences with passive voice? For eg: The book is being read by me, Pizza is being delivered by her etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5380" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T20:21:41.017" Title="How is &quot;se&quot; used in the context of passive voice?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8324" CreationDate="2014-08-04T15:06:06.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; cannot be used for a true passive, hence it's often called the fake passive for SSL students, because it's actually in active voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To take your sentences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The book is being read by me.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;active&lt;/strong&gt; Yo leo el libro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;passive&lt;/strong&gt; El libro es leído por mi.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“se passive”&lt;/strong&gt; Se lee el libro (*por mí)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“se passive” passive&lt;/strong&gt; El libro es leído por sí mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the issue is primarily in declaring agency. Because literally you are saying that &lt;em&gt;the book reads itself&lt;/em&gt;, the literal passive (re)construction would be &lt;em&gt;the book is read by itself&lt;/em&gt;, which excludes the possibility for other agents. Same with your pizza example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The pizza is being delivered by her.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;active&lt;/strong&gt; Ella está entregando la pizza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;passive&lt;/strong&gt; La pizza está siendo entregada por ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se passive&lt;/strong&gt; Se está entregando la pizza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add many other details to the last bit, but not who is delivering it because adding &lt;em&gt;por ella&lt;/em&gt; would, at best, be a slightly awkward way of saying she made the pizza that's being delivered, but not be interpreted as an indicator of agency. You have to leave it as a sort of anonymous passive (basically, English passive without the &quot;by&quot; prepositional phrase). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-04T20:21:41.017" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T20:21:41.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-04T18:55:29.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe I've used them, or heard them, before today.&#xA;I inquired my coworkers on them, and their answers essentially match the connotations other answers have given you, so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would add is that both are phrases you would only use with those close to you, and that the fact that they rely on 'bad words' doesn't change the nature of such words in even that more immediate context. You would do well to identify the context where they're used, and the specific purpose they serve there, before using them: I still find that some expressions I use/know change their meaning as close as 100 KMs from my city.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T18:55:29.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2014-08-04T21:00:53.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo, podemos resumir que tiene dos usos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿En serio?, ¿de/en verdad? Expresa incredulidad (really?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Ya tengo hambre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: -¿A poco? Pero si acabamos de comer...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Incredulidad en situaciones como &quot;no me digas que...&quot;, &quot;no puedo creer quer...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco no traes dinero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5390" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T13:27:20.713" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T13:27:20.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8329" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17279" CreationDate="2014-08-05T03:07:14.627" Score="5" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;The alphabet &quot;j&quot; is pronounced differently in the following major European languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish: justo &lt;code&gt;/ˈxusto/&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English:  just  &lt;code&gt;/d͡ʒʌst/&lt;/code&gt;    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;German: junge &lt;code&gt;/ˈjʊŋə/&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;French:  juste  &lt;code&gt;/ʒyst/&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is the sound so varied in these languages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5380" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T19:08:58.943" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T19:08:58.943" Title="Why is the sound of the alphabet &quot;j&quot; different in Spanish, English, German and French?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-01T08:03:53.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8329" CreationDate="2014-08-05T04:34:15.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would reverse the question.  How is it that such varied sounds came to be represented by the same letter?  It is the oral language that is the natural language.  The written language is added later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish,  the sound that is represented by the jota used to be represented by the equis.  Examples:  Mexico, Texas.  The change was part of a general revision of spelling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T04:34:15.300" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-05T09:08:12.947" Score="3" ViewCount="1824" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the same problem as most Asian Spanish learners with the Spanish single 'r' and 'l'. We usually mispronounce 'ala' as 'ara',  and bra, bla. bre.ble .... etc are difficult for me to speak them accurately. So how should I pronounce single 'r' and 'l' correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5304" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T13:23:57.393" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T01:25:06.790" Title="How should I pronounce Spanish single 'r' and 'l'?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8334" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-05T14:33:27.317" Score="3" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how to name different smells in Spanish. In English, for example, we have adjectives like smelly, fishy, sweet, disgusting, stinky, rotten,etc (actually mainly for bad smells). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do Spanish speakers, particularly those from Latin America do this for pleasant and unpleasant smells?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5395" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-08-06T20:08:44.867" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T20:08:44.867" Title="Which Spanish words are most commonly used to describe smells?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-08-05T15:12:44.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8334" CreationDate="2014-08-05T14:56:37.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, first of all, this could be an issue where you'll find quite a few differences among countries, or even regions inside a same country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words I know for what you are looking for are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pleasant smells:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Oloroso&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unpleasant smells:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Hediondo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Maloliente&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Apestoso&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T14:56:37.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-06T21:34:18.553" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know the words for cars, trucks, vans, pickups, and SUVs in regular Mexican usage. I know car is carro, but is that what a typical Mexican is most likely to use too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1292" LastEditorUserId="1292" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T03:14:09.960" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T03:14:09.960" Title="What words are typically used to refer to vehicles and deliniate between types of vehicles in Latin America" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-08-07T08:25:17.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-07T02:37:22.660" Score="4" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, whether a person is studying in kindergarten or college, they are typically simply referred to as a &lt;code&gt;student&lt;/code&gt;. Although we can say a phrase like &quot;grade school student&quot; or &quot;college student&quot; to be more specific, this isn't typically required in casual speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other languages, like French, even in casual speech there are different words for students in grade school (&lt;code&gt;élève&lt;/code&gt;) and university (&lt;code&gt;étudiant&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the word &lt;code&gt;estudiante&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish generally refer to a university/college student (like in French), or is it more general, like in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a distinction, what are the words or phrases used? Are there any variations between different countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5401" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T20:30:42.000" Title="What is the correct way to refer to students in high school and lower?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8339" CreationDate="2014-08-07T04:53:36.870" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estudiante&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alumno&lt;/em&gt; are both quite general and can refer to anyone from pre-K to doctoral candidates.  In Spain, you'll have the following (all said as &lt;em&gt;alumno/a&lt;/em&gt; — preferred term — or &lt;em&gt;estudiante&lt;/em&gt; followed by the indicated terms,)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de infantil&lt;/strong&gt; - pre-K to Kindergarten&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more specifically, &lt;em&gt;de X años&lt;/em&gt; where X is the age.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de primaria&lt;/strong&gt; - primary school&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;primero/segundo/etc de primaria&lt;/em&gt; (1º = 1st grade, 2º = 2nd, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de la ESO&lt;/strong&gt; - obligatory secondary school&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;primero/segundo/etc de la ESO&lt;/em&gt; (1º = 7th, 2º = 8th, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;del bachillerato&lt;/strong&gt; - (senior) high school&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;primero/segundo del bachillerato&lt;/em&gt; (1º = 11th, 2º = 12)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;universitario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; - generic university&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;licenciando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de grado&lt;/em&gt; - undergraduate student&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de posgrado&lt;/em&gt; - generic graduate student&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;del máster&lt;/em&gt; - master's student&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;doctorando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 3&lt;/sup&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de doctorado&lt;/em&gt; - doctoral student&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No doubt there is &lt;em&gt;substantial&lt;/em&gt; variation between countries, which I'm sure others will fill in for the systems they're familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; These terms can be used on their own as nouns instead of just as modifiers for &lt;em&gt;alumno/estudiante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; If you thought this sounds like it should be &lt;em&gt;licenciante&lt;/em&gt; instead, you're absolutely right!  Unfortunately, whoever came up with the term wasn't the brightest and no one thought to correct him/her.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; If you thought this sounds like it should be &lt;em&gt;doctorante&lt;/em&gt; instead, you're absolutely right!  Unfortunately, whoever came up with the term probably was the same one who came up with &lt;em&gt;licenciando&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T04:53:36.870" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8339" CreationDate="2014-08-07T08:34:53.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Educación] Infantil&lt;/em&gt; (3 years, not mandatory), &lt;em&gt;[E.] Preescolar&lt;/em&gt; (preschool, 4-5y, not mandatory): They may be referred as &lt;em&gt;alumnos&lt;/em&gt;, almost never as &lt;em&gt;estudiantes&lt;/em&gt;. You can use &lt;em&gt;de Infantil&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de Preescolar&lt;/em&gt; as specifiers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[E.] Primaria&lt;/em&gt; (6-11y): They are referred usually as &lt;em&gt;alumnos&lt;/em&gt;, but also &lt;em&gt;estudiantes&lt;/em&gt;. Again with a specifier &lt;em&gt;de Primaria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[E.] Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO)&lt;/em&gt; (12-15y): They are interchangeably referred as &lt;em&gt;alumnos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estudiantes&lt;/em&gt;, more commonly the second one. Again with a specifier &lt;em&gt;de Secundaria&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de ESO&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bachillerato&lt;/em&gt; (academic) or &lt;em&gt;Formación Profesional&lt;/em&gt; (professional training), (16-17y, not mandatory): again they are interchangeably referred as &lt;em&gt;alumnos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estudiantes&lt;/em&gt;, more commonly the second one. Specifier uses to be &lt;em&gt;de Bachillerato&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de Formación Profesional / de FP&lt;/em&gt; but also &lt;em&gt;de instituto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Universidad&lt;/em&gt;: This one is subdivided nowadays in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.1. &lt;em&gt;Grado&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Licenciatura&lt;/em&gt; does not exist anymore): as 4, with its own specifiers &lt;em&gt;de Grado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de Universidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.2. &lt;em&gt;Máster&lt;/em&gt;: as 5.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.3. &lt;em&gt;Doctorado&lt;/em&gt;: as 5.1, and also &lt;em&gt;doctorando&lt;/em&gt; without specifier.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T08:34:53.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8339" CreationDate="2014-08-07T15:01:36.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Educación &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educaci%C3%B3n_preescolar#Argentina&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;preescolar&lt;/a&gt; (up to 5 years - guardería + &quot;jardín de infantes&quot; = kinderganten). They can be called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;alumnos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but often simply are referred as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;niños / niñas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Educación primaria (6-11 years): &quot;&lt;strong&gt;alumnos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Educación secundaria (12-17 y) : &quot;&lt;strong&gt;estudiantes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;alumnos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Educación terciaria/univesitaria: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;estudiantes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;alumnos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;alumno&quot; vs &quot;estudiante&quot;:  they can be used more or less interchangeably, but &quot;alumno&quot; (pupil) is more used inside the teaching context, for example to oppose it to the  &quot;docente&quot; (teacher). Outside that context, &quot;estudiante&quot; is more used; for example, to tell which is your occupation or role in society. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T15:01:36.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8331" CreationDate="2014-08-07T15:40:43.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the basical thing is that, when you have your tongue up  to pronounce &quot;r&quot; you have to make it vibrate, and to pronounce the &quot;l&quot; you don't (you better push your tongue against your palate) .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T15:40:43.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-08T11:45:26.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add more info to your question. You can find that, in different places, and depending on the situation and to who are you talking, bad expressions could be pretty well received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, on the north of Spain it's not uncommon to hear friends referring themselves with expressions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Ven aquí, cabronazo&quot; -- Come here, bastard&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Serás hijoputa&quot; -- You, son of a bitch&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a surprising minimization of bad words and expressions that could be extremely insulting on other regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't recommend to use it if you're not sure about what your interlocutor is going to understand, as you can get involved in a very ankward situation. You can pay attention to the speak of the people around you and start using them when others did it before you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T11:45:26.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8347" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-08T14:54:14.167" Score="0" ViewCount="985" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe la conjugación del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; «habemos» para indicar la existencia de un conjunto de personas que cumplen ciertas características e incluyen a la persona que habla, algunos ejemplos de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habemos personas honestas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habemos personas a quienes no nos gusta el beisbol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reescritas de formas simples sería algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay personas honestas, incluyendome.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay personas a quienes no les gusta el beisbol, me incluyo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una traducción adecuada en inglés para esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5407" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-07T04:09:06.563" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T04:09:06.563" Title="¿Existe alguna traducción adecuada para &quot;Habemos&quot; en inglés?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-11T23:09:54.673" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8347" CreationDate="2014-08-08T15:00:26.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para tus frases con habemos, es díficil traducirlas a inglés ya que son incorrectas en español. Lo explican bien en &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://castellanoactual.com/uso-incorrecto-de-haber-habemos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://castellanoactual.com/uso-incorrecto-de-haber-habemos/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases que comienzan por &quot;hay&quot; son correctas y en inglés se usaría &quot;there is&quot; para el singular y &quot;there are&quot; para el plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5408" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T15:00:26.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8347" CreationDate="2014-08-08T15:06:42.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo un poco a la pregunta, el uso de &quot;habemos&quot; no está recomendado en los casos expuestos en la pregunta, su uso constituye un vulgarismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/habemos#sthash.OQgyN4xq.dpuf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Habemos&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usos incorrectos:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;En la lengua culta actual, la primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo del verbo haber es hemos, y no la arcaica habemos, cuyo uso en la formación de los tiempos compuestos de la conjugación es hoy un vulgarismo propio del habla popular que debe evitarse en el habla culta; así, no debe decirse Habemos visto a tu hermano, sino Hemos visto a tu hermano.&#xA;También debe evitarse en el habla culta el uso de habemos con el sentido de ‘somos o estamos’, puesto que el verbo haber, cuando se emplea para denotar la presencia o existencia de personas o cosas, es impersonal y, como tal, se usa solo en tercera persona del singular: Hay pocos solteros en el pueblo; Había tres personas en la habitación. Por lo tanto, si quien habla desea incluirse en la referencia, no debe emplear el verbo haber en primera persona del plural, como se hace a veces en el habla popular, recurriendo, para el presente de indicativo, a la forma habemos: Habemos pocos solteros en el pueblo, Habemos tres personas en la habitación; debe decirse Somos pocos solteros en el pueblo, Estamos tres personas en la habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uso correcto:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Solo es admisible hoy en la lengua culta el uso de la forma habemos como primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo de la expresión coloquial habérselas con una persona o cosa (‘enfrentarse a ella o tratar con ella a la fuerza’): Ya sabéis con quién nos las habemos; Nos las habemos con un asesino despiadado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T15:06:42.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8331" CreationDate="2014-08-09T01:25:06.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually depends on where the r is located in the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the beginning after «l», «n», «s» or prefix «sub-» is pronounced as /r/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other positions is pronounced as /ɾ/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;l is always pronounced as /l/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wikcionario:Referencia/ES/Pronunciaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this pronunciation page&lt;/a&gt; to listen some samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T01:25:06.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8353" CreationDate="2014-08-09T04:54:53.810" Score="2" ViewCount="3423" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it even a word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yfi6h14QjcI&amp;amp;t=3m43s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this song&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arrogando con sus besos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sus caricias y su cuerpo qué malvada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le diste la luna a una estrella&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y mira como te paga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te ha jugado una &lt;strong&gt;socieza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no merece tu perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5410" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:09:18.107" Title="What does 'socieza' mean?" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8352" CreationDate="2014-08-09T06:14:29.110" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, that's a bad transcription. The actual word being sung is &lt;em&gt;sucieza&lt;/em&gt;, which isn't proper Spanish also, but it's derived from &lt;em&gt;sucio [dirty]&lt;/em&gt;. So the line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te ha jugado una sucieza no merece tu perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be roughly translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She played you dirty, she doesn't deserve your forgiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T06:14:29.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8355" CreationDate="2014-08-09T12:59:58.880" Score="2" ViewCount="8825" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep hearing something like &quot;pali&quot; or &quot;bali&quot; in a speech which &lt;strong&gt;might&lt;/strong&gt; mean &quot;Ok&quot;, &quot;All right&quot; as I understand from the context. I didn't find that word in a dictionary. What can it be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5411" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:34:55.203" Title="&quot;Pali&quot; or &quot;Bali&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8354" CreationDate="2014-08-09T15:09:30.103" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is likely &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (literally &quot;it values&quot;/&quot;it is worth&quot;), a very common interjection indeed meaning &quot;OK&quot; / &quot;All right&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T08:34:55.203" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:34:55.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8357" CreationDate="2014-08-09T17:22:44.367" Score="2" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;La tercera casi seguro que no. Pero, ¿y la primera y la segunda? ¿Cuál es la correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, Google usa &quot;metaetiqueta&quot; en sus páginas de ayuda. &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/79812?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metaetiquetas&lt;/strong&gt; que Google entiende&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metatag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, aparece &quot;meta etiqueta&quot; (separado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas &lt;strong&gt;meta etiquetas&lt;/strong&gt; también se usan para especificar cierta información técnica...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la correcta y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5413" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T09:08:45.727" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:08:45.727" Title="¿Metaetiqueta, Meta etiqueta o meta-etiqueta?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8356" CreationDate="2014-08-09T19:27:22.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bajo la nueva ortografía, todos los prefijos se escriben soldados (sin espacio) a la palabra base excepto en dos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intercálase un guión entre el prefijo y la base si esa empieza con mayúscula.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sepárase con un espacio el prefijo de la base si esa es pluriverbal (dos o más palabras).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;etiqueta&lt;/em&gt; ni empieza con mayúscula, ni es pluriverbal, la forma correcta es &lt;strong&gt;metaetiqueta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T19:27:22.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8362" CreationDate="2014-08-10T22:32:42.373" Score="2" ViewCount="1028" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Spanish conjugations and using sites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://conjuguemos.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Conjugemos&lt;/a&gt;. I like these time-intensive conjugation drills since they drive conjugations into procedural memory: after a while in the exercise, I can conjugate the forms automatically without actively thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, these sites tend to be very limited in their range of verbs and likewise, they tend to ask for Spanish conjugations by referring to the mood/tense and person rather than the English version. To give an example from the site linked above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kQ00d.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, thinking about what is present perfect interrupts the &quot;flow&quot; in a very artificial way. I probably spend more time thinking about tenses then how to say something in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long story short, I was thinking about writing my own software for conjugation exercise. As such, I was looking for some downloadable database of Spanish–English conjugations. Ideally the data would contain a comprehensive list of common Spanish verbs, the full set of tenses and moods for all possible persons in both Spanish and English, be in an open format and have an open licence (if I come up with something better than what I've seen, I might open source the software or create an online version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best resource I've found so far is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ghidinelli.com/free-spanish-conjugated-verb-database&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CC-BY-SA licensed list of 600 conjugated Spanish verbs in CSV&lt;/a&gt;, with all the verb forms you'd care to think of. One slight hitch is that it only gives the English form of the verb in the first person for each form; e.g. &quot;I had abandoned&quot;. Likewise 600 verbs is not so much, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm wondering: are there other open sources of Spanish–English conjugations out there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also be generally interested in downloadable Spanish–English translations for vocabulary as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9262" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T07:51:36.383" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:51:40.650" Title="Download Spanish–English translations (esp. conjugations) as Open Data" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T07:51:45.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8360" CreationDate="2014-08-11T03:04:20.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;OmegaWiki&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Omegawiki is one of the largest databases you can find for free, which offers a multilingual dictionary in every language, with lexicological, terminological and thesaurus information provided  under a GNU Free Documentation License 1.2 and Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Dual-Licensing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download the data &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.omegawiki.org/Help:Downloading_the_data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T03:04:20.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8318" CreationDate="2014-08-11T06:12:39.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, but I don't think in the Americas, another phrase which is used a fair bit, with similar meaning to de puta madre is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;es la hostia&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which the Real Academia Española tranlates as muy grande o extraordinario, or simply hostia on its own which expresses surprise or admiration, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/hostia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;other meanings of hostia&lt;/a&gt;. As the original meaning is the wafer used during Catholic Mass, presumably, at some point this would have been considered somewhat blasphemous -- though I have no idea when these non-religious usages become common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few years ago, it was common to see T-shirts with &quot;de puta madre&quot; written on them, at least, where I live, Barcelona. However, Barcelona is probably one of the more liberal parts of the Spanish (these days Catalan predominates) speaking world, so echoing Walter's comments, these sorts of phrases will depend on social context. My experience of travelling round the Americas is that swearing is generally less common in everyday language than in Spain, though this is, naturally, a huge generalization based on my own observations, and I certainly heard some extremely colorful language, particularly in Mexico and Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T06:12:39.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8365" CreationDate="2014-08-11T08:08:04.573" Score="17" ViewCount="2227" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two forms of the imperfect subjunctve in use, for example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pudiera, pudieras, pudiera, pudiéramos, pudierais, pudieran&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pudiese, pudieses, pudiese, pudiésemos, pudieseis, pudiesen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that these have identical meaning (please correct if this assumption is wrong), but was there any difference historically in their origin and/or are one or other of the forms more or less commmon in different parts of the Spanish speaking world -- which may explain the historical origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T04:58:04.173" LastActivityDate="2019-10-08T10:30:26.883" Title="Difference between -iera and -iese ending of the imperfect subjunctive" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8364" CreationDate="2014-08-11T14:09:56.743" Score="19" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; forms descend from the Latin pluperfect subjunctive.  It is more common in some regions (like Spain), and has a higher frequency in writing than in speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; forms descend from the simple (or synthetic) pluperfect indicative such that where as now you might see a sentence like &lt;em&gt;No quería café porque ya &lt;strong&gt;había tomado&lt;/strong&gt; té&lt;/em&gt;, in the past, would have seen &lt;em&gt;No quería café porque ya &lt;strong&gt;tomara&lt;/strong&gt; té&lt;/em&gt;.  The evidence of this past is seen in other modern-day Romance languages (Portuguese: &lt;em&gt;não queria café porque já &lt;strong&gt;tomara&lt;/strong&gt; chá&lt;/em&gt;, Asturian: &lt;em&gt;nun quería café porque yá &lt;strong&gt;tomara&lt;/strong&gt; té&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most modern usage, there is no difference in the subjunctive, other than the &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; forms perhaps being perceived as of a slightly higher register.  It is not uncommon to hear people in a single phrase alternate forms: &lt;em&gt;El profesor dijo que el alumno &lt;strong&gt;comprase&lt;/strong&gt; el libro de la librería, &lt;strong&gt;leyera&lt;/strong&gt; el capítulo 2, &lt;strong&gt;hiciese&lt;/strong&gt; la tarea al final del capítulo, y &lt;strong&gt;se la entregara&lt;/strong&gt; al principio de la siguiente clase&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; forms in the indicative is highly inadvisable, although journalists do tend to use it every now and then and every now and then you might see it in an academic paper or poetry, and (IIRC) the only other rationale the RAE gives for using it is if you're from Galicia/Asturias where the indicative form still enjoys use thanks to influence from Galician/Asturian, I'll check my &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; later and update. That said, when you use &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; for the indicative, you may &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; alternate with &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;, because it has never had any indicative value.  Hence an expression like &lt;em&gt;quisiera un café&lt;/em&gt; (which is not actually subjunctive, it's &lt;em&gt;había querido un café&lt;/em&gt;) may not be recast as &lt;em&gt;quisiese un café&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En castellano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las desinencias &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; heredan las formas del pretérito pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo del latín.  Es más común en algunos países (como España) que otros, y es más frecuente en la escritura que en el habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las desinencias &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; vienen del pluscuamperfecto simple (o sintético) del indicativo.  En el pasado, frases como &lt;em&gt;No quería café porque ya había tomado té&lt;/em&gt; habrían sido como &lt;em&gt;No quería café porque ya tomara té&lt;/em&gt;.  La evidencia de este pasado se ve en otros idiomas neolatinos (portugués: &lt;em&gt;não queria café porque já tomara chá&lt;/em&gt;, asturiano: &lt;em&gt;nun quería café porque yá tomara té&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de los usos modernos, no hay diferencia alguna en el subjuntivo aparte de que tal vez se perciban las formas &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; como de un registro algo más culto.  Es bastante común escuchar una única oración que alterna entre ambas formas: &lt;em&gt;El profesor dijo que el alumno &lt;strong&gt;comprase&lt;/strong&gt; el libro de la librería, &lt;strong&gt;leyera&lt;/strong&gt; el capítulo 2, &lt;strong&gt;hiciese&lt;/strong&gt; la tarea al final del capítulo, y &lt;strong&gt;se la entregara&lt;/strong&gt; al principio de la siguiente clase&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es difícil aconsejar que alguien use las formas &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; en el indicativo aunque es cierto que los periodistas la emplean a veces y de vez en cuando algún artículo académico o poema la usará.  Si recuerdo bien, la única razón que da la RAE a favor de su uso es si eres de Galicia o Asturias donde esta forma todavía disfruta un uso popular gracias a influencia del gallego/asturiano.  No obstante, si usas &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; para el indicativo, es &lt;em&gt;imposible&lt;/em&gt; alternar con &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;, porque &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; nunca ha tenido ningún valor indicativo.  Por eso una expresión como &lt;em&gt;quisiera un café&lt;/em&gt; (que no es subjuntivo) no se puede reescribir como &lt;em&gt;quisiese un café&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-10-08T10:30:26.883" LastActivityDate="2019-10-08T10:30:26.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-12T15:25:42.210" Score="-1" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tierra es mi cuerpo. Agua mi sangre. Aire mi aliento. Fuego mi espiritu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tierra mi cuerpo. Agua mi sangre. Aire mi aliento. El fuego de mi espíritu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wich one is more correct as a tatoo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:27:32.130" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:27:32.130" Title="What is correct &quot;El fuego de mi espíritu&quot; or &quot;Fuego de mi espíritu&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-08-13T09:29:32.740" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8368" CreationDate="2014-08-12T16:16:40.050" Score="0" ViewCount="832" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber como podría decirse “We are in the beautiful Spain” en Español?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es possible decir “Estamos en España la linda”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5350" LastActivityDate="2014-08-16T02:24:37.900" Title="Como se dice &quot;The beautiful Spain&quot; en Español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8367" CreationDate="2014-08-12T16:20:29.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible decirlo, otras posibles traducciones serían: &quot;Estamos en la bella España&quot;, &quot;Estamos en la linda España&quot; o &quot;Estamos en la bonita España&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T16:20:29.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8366" CreationDate="2014-08-12T16:51:32.020" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera es la correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is better than the second because the last part in the second phrase: 'El fuego de mi espíritu' sounds weird in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for my english... spanish is my main language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5424" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T16:51:32.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4123" CreationDate="2014-08-12T17:48:22.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy la más chica de 7 hermanos y de ellos aprendí esto para ser el primero en algún juego o en algún evento familiar (lo aplicábamos para todo), y según sé es:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Mano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Cutimano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Anticutimano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Anticutimano Coronita de Dios&lt;/strong&gt; (y ahí sí no hay quien te gane)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5425" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T17:48:22.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2014-08-13T01:10:07.743" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that Vamonos is intransitive. In other words. Let's go, without specifying where.  Vamos is transitive and is followed by a location. Not so much &quot;let's go&quot; as much as &quot;we go&quot; .....to the movies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿(Nos) vamos al cine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Sí, vámonos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5428" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T13:14:04.050" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T13:14:04.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8375" CreationDate="2014-08-13T04:50:12.873" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am designing some variations on lottery cards, and I need one that means &quot;The Wanted&quot; (like an outlaw).  Would &quot;El Buscado&quot; be understood and sound correct to a Spanish speaker?  &quot;El Hombre Buscado&quot; seems like too many words because the lottery cards are all two word titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could go with &quot;El Forajido&quot; but it would be better if it really meant &quot;The Wanted.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5429" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T20:57:52.007" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T20:57:52.007" Title="Does &quot;El Buscado&quot; make sense as a lottery card?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-08-13T06:55:05.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Wanted&quot; phrase from Western movies is usually translated as &quot;Se busca&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &quot;Se busca&quot; work as a lottery card? It is a matter of taste, but I think it sounds quite nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the jackpot could be &quot;Wanted dead or alive&quot;, that is &quot;Se busca vivo o muerto&quot;. Too many words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T06:55:05.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8377" CreationDate="2014-08-13T13:24:02.693" Score="7" ViewCount="4483" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;No tengo sueño&quot; really both &quot;I have no dream&quot; and &quot;I am not tired&quot; (two completely different thoughts)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Duolingo, I supplied the first as the translation, and it was judged to be correct, but &quot;Another correct solution&quot; was the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My translation puts me in mind of an Anti-Martin Luther King, Jr. type of character, whereas the &quot;alternate rendering&quot; is more like something Keith Richards would say (back in the day, anyway)...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-08-16T02:21:09.317" Title="Does &quot;No tengo sueño&quot; really have these two quite different meanings?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-08-13T14:02:21.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se busca&quot; Sería la traducción correcta para &quot;wanted&quot; pero teniendo en cuenta que se trata de una lotería &quot;El buscado&quot; suena bien para mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T14:02:21.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8374" CreationDate="2014-08-13T14:09:04.247" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No tengo sueño&quot; does not sound like &quot;I have no dream&quot; (You know, the Anti-Martin Luther King that you say), whereas &quot;No tengo &lt;em&gt;sueños&lt;/em&gt;&quot; does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5433" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T14:09:04.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8374" CreationDate="2014-08-13T14:18:36.953" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll need to modify it slightly for it to be interpreted as a &lt;em&gt;dream&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;sleepiness&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to do this.  Like asdf says, you can throw &lt;em&gt;sueño&lt;/em&gt; in the plural, or you can add an article or similar in front of &lt;em&gt;sueño&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;No tengo &lt;em&gt;[ un | ningún ]&lt;/em&gt; sueño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works because when &lt;em&gt;sueño&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;sleepiness&lt;/em&gt;, it is uncountable and doesn't normally allow for non-singular forms or combining with most determiners.  &lt;em&gt;Sueño&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;dream&lt;/em&gt; is countable, however, allowing full use of determiners and number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T04:44:39.987" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T04:44:39.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8367" CreationDate="2014-08-13T16:27:37.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una opción que me parece un buen término medio entre formal y coloquial es &quot;Estamos en la &lt;strong&gt;preciosa&lt;/strong&gt; España&quot;. En España al menos se utiliza mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5435" LastEditorUserId="5435" LastEditDate="2014-08-13T16:35:01.237" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T16:35:01.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8374" CreationDate="2014-08-13T16:40:19.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo sueño only means, I'm not sleepy. If you want to speak about dreams, you can say &quot;No tengo sueños&quot; or &quot;Yo no sueño&quot;. this can be applied in the Anti-Martin Luther King and dreams during sleep context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5436" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T16:40:19.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2115" CreationDate="2014-08-13T19:05:45.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coche de carreras&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (me suena un poco informal) o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coche de competición&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Y por supuesto en América Latina se utilizaría &quot;carro&quot; o &quot;auto&quot; en lugar de &quot;coche&quot; en ambos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5435" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T19:05:45.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2115" CreationDate="2014-08-14T08:00:43.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;performance car&lt;/em&gt; no es un coche de carreras; usaríamos esa expresión (al menos, en España) para los coches fabricados exclusivamente para la competición, como los fórmula 1, lo que no es el caso. Para un &lt;em&gt;performance car&lt;/em&gt; usaríamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;deportivo&lt;/em&gt;, al menos en España (no &lt;em&gt;coche deportivo&lt;/em&gt;; simplemente, un &lt;em&gt;performance car&lt;/em&gt; sería &lt;em&gt;un deportivo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T10:58:31.450" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T10:58:31.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8382" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8383" CreationDate="2014-08-14T09:33:56.913" Score="4" ViewCount="4044" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una pregunta que aun mis amigos que hablan español como nativos no saben con seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es común decir &quot;A ver,&quot; por ejemplo, hoy me dijo una amiga:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ver si la ves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo es una forma de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3301/12&quot;&gt;A + infinitivo&lt;/a&gt; que quiere decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vas a ver si la ves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero después, mi amiga se corrigió hasta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haber si la ves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y eso me parece muy raro.  Y ella no está segura de cual forma es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece a mi que usar &quot;haber&quot; en una situación así solo es correcto si es una certeza como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3135/12&quot;&gt;esa pregunta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haber de verla...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya mi pregunta:  Hay alguna situación donde es correcto decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haber si ... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en otra forma, hay alguna situación donde los dos &quot;haber&quot; y &quot;a ver&quot; parecen, o pueden ser correctos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:52:24.703" Title="&quot;Haber&quot; vs &quot;A ver&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8382" CreationDate="2014-08-14T09:52:02.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar todos sus usos en el apartado consultas de la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/ver-haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/consultas/ver-haber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suenan igual pero deben distinguirse adecuadamente en la escritura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ver&lt;/em&gt;, antes de un condicional se especifica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Delante de una oración introducida por la conjunción si, expresa, bien expectación, curiosidad o interés, a veces en forma de reto; bien temor o sospecha; bien deseo o mandato:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡A ver si adivinas lo que estoy pensando!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A ver si te caes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A ver si eres más organizado de ahora en adelante. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (verbo) se usa como auxiliar del participio o del impersonal y como conjunto de bienes cuando es sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haber de&lt;/em&gt; cuando se trata de una obligación, como se describe en el enlace que pones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T10:02:41.113" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T10:02:41.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-14T12:40:52.040" Score="0" ViewCount="1230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo aprendí (en México) decir &quot;Tener tiempo.&quot;  Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo mucho tiempo sin ir al cine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cuanto tiempo tienes sin ir al cine?  (a menudo abreviado: &lt;em&gt;¿Cuanto tienes sin ir al cine?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya estoy visitando a España y a veces me &quot;corrigen&quot; con &quot;Llevar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llevo mucho tiempo sin ir al cine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cuanto tiempo llevas sin ir al cine?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta: Es una cosa regional, o de hecho aprendí mal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T13:22:55.167" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T10:44:20.677" Title="&quot;Tener tiempo&quot; vs &quot;Llevar tiempo&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-08-14T20:13:47.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas, soy de Argentina y dejame responderte amigo: &quot;Tengo mucho tiempo sin ir al cine&quot; no es del todo correcto, decir &quot;tengo mucho tiempo&quot; significa que dispones tiempo para hacer algo. Lo correcto sería decir &quot;llevo mucho tiempo sin ir al cine&quot; o &quot;hace mucho tiempo que no voy al cine&quot; de esa forma es clara la idea de que no has ido al cine hace mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos aquí en Argentina es así. &#xA;Saludos y espero que te haya servido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5446" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T20:13:47.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-08-14T22:05:52.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México es común decir &quot;Tengo mucho tiempo&quot; que significaría lo mismo que la otra, en el sentido de que &quot;'He acumulado' mucho tiempo sin ir al cine&quot; (Entonces o llevo (contando) o tengo (acumulado) mucho tiempo sin ir al cine). Pero sí, lo importante es descartar lo que pueda traer ambigüedades&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2793" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T22:05:52.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8390" CreationDate="2014-08-15T13:31:42.853" Score="2" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;To translate &quot;I was followed&quot; into Spanish, Duolingo considers both of these correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fui seguida.&#xA;Fui seguido.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are both correct? To my newby (or is it &quot;newbie&quot;?) eyes, the first doesn't seem to indicate the &quot;I&quot; portion of the sentence...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-08-15T19:30:11.240" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T19:30:11.240" Title="Why are both translations considered correct?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8388" CreationDate="2014-08-15T13:37:58.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Duolingo presumably isn't designed to know your gender. Guys will say &lt;em&gt;fui seguido&lt;/em&gt;, and gals &lt;em&gt;fui seguida&lt;/em&gt;. Both are perfectly correct, just depends on who the speaker is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T13:37:58.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8388" CreationDate="2014-08-15T14:20:04.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null-subject_language#Spanish_language&quot;&gt;The subject can be omitted in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, so both translations are perfectly correct. Most of the time, the subject will be guessed by the form under which the verb is conjugated. Moreover, in your example, the subject can be inferred without a doubt, since &lt;em&gt;fui&lt;/em&gt; is specific for the 1st person, singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the reason why two translations are offered, it's to account the possible genders of the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Female speakers will say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui seguida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Male speakers will say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui seguido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2014-08-15T14:27:33.240" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T14:27:33.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8352" CreationDate="2014-08-15T19:00:42.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already said, it's not proper Spanish. The proper noun derived from adjective &quot;sucio&quot; would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suciedad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Even then, one wouldn't say it like that. Perhaps &quot;Te ha jugado una &lt;strong&gt;vileza&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;Te ha jugado una &lt;strong&gt;mala pasada&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5435" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T19:00:42.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3338" CreationDate="2014-08-15T20:44:56.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they are Mexicans is probably that the mass will be in a catholic church, that's a &quot;misa&quot; [mass], and then the party will be just the party because &quot;boda&quot;[the wedding] envolves both mass and party but it's normal to call it &quot;la boda&quot; since a lot of people just go to the party &quot;la boda&quot; is accurate for the party, if the day after they make another party in the morning will be &quot;lavado de olla&quot; [Whashing pot] or &quot;recalentado&quot; [reheaded] depending on what part of Mexico they are. &quot;Recepción&quot; and &quot;Banquete&quot; are American concepts but since they live in the US I assume that it will be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T20:44:56.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-17T02:46:46.547" Score="3" ViewCount="11073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que una oración como &quot;Te fuiste&quot; significa &quot;(Tú) te fuiste (de una fiesta, etc)&quot; y &quot;Fuiste&quot; se utilizaría en oraciones como &quot;Fuiste a la casa de tu madre ayer&quot;. Pero con verbos como &quot;morir&quot;, ¿debería decir &quot;te moriste&quot; o &quot;moriste&quot;? Ejemplo: Dos almas se encuentran en el más allá y una le dice a la otra &quot;no me digas que moriste&quot; o ¿debería ser &quot;No me digas que te moriste&quot;?&#xA;En mi opinión no puedo decir &quot;te moriste&quot; porque morir no es una acción que se pueda ejecutar sobre sí mismo, pero sí puedo decir &quot;te mataste&quot; porque sí se puede ejercer la acción de matar sobre sí mismo.&#xA;Referencias a alguna regla que lidie con esto sería de mucha ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2262" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T10:46:15.947" Title="¿Te moriste o moriste?" Tags="&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8397" CreationDate="2014-08-17T03:54:14.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede decir de ambas maneras. En el ejemplo que das me suena mejor &quot;No me digas que te moriste&quot;. Aquí un extracto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=morir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;morir en el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;. Con el sentido normal de ‘dejar de vivir’, se usa tanto en forma pronominal como no pronominal, y puede llevar un complemento con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, que expresa la causa de la muerte: &lt;em&gt;«Mariana se murió DE una cosa difícil de precisar»&lt;/em&gt; (Aguilar Error [Méx. 1995]); &lt;em&gt;«Carlos murió el mes pasado»&lt;/em&gt; (Corrieri Fuera [Cuba 1978]); solo si la muerte es violenta y ha sido provocada por un agente externo, no admite el uso pronominal: &lt;em&gt;«Un muchacho de catorce años ha muerto en Pamplona, abatido también por la violencia etarra»&lt;/em&gt; (Abc [Esp.] 3.6.85).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T03:54:14.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8397" CreationDate="2014-08-17T10:46:15.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es un ejemplo de oración cuasi-refleja. No es realmente reflexiva porque, como dices, no es una acción ejercida sobre el propio agente, pero se usa igualmente la construcción reflexiva. Hay muchos ejemplos en español (caerse, sentarse, pasmarse...). El enlace que da rsanchez en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8397/te-moriste-o-moriste/8398#8398&quot; title=&quot;su respuesta&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; explica perfectamente el uso en este caso particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T10:46:15.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-17T12:20:21.740" Score="7" ViewCount="7484" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the Moors conquered Spain did Spaniards already speak Spanish? Or were they speaking a different language like Latin? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5458" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T08:09:23.500" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T08:04:22.903" Title="When the Moors conquered Spain did Spaniards already speak Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2014-08-17T14:37:57.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se le conoce como &quot;boquilla&quot; es el pega azulejo pero tiene que ser sin arena, (non sander)&#xA;Muy tarde mi respuesta, perdón! Espero aún te sirva!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5459" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T14:37:57.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2993" CreationDate="2014-08-17T15:27:41.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico the thing that people use for tiles is Pegazulejo, tile is &quot;azulejo&quot; so a raw translation of pegazulejo is &quot;glue-tiles&quot;, &quot;the thing that stick tiles&quot; and it needs no sand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T15:27:41.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2014-08-17T15:41:41.070" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There were a lot of languages, as right now but Spain wasn't as big as today, Moors came and the Spainiards absorbed a lot of words, culture, science and concepts [things that came to English trough Spanish and trough Arabic like chess, algebra or even tuna from Arabic attun, Spanish atún] and the Spanish didin't modify a lot, just added the new words. The Spanish of that time were different that today's Spanish, mostly in pronunciation but reading old texts it can be kind of comprehensible. This started in VIII century and they were expelled in XVII century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T12:36:17.200" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T12:36:17.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2014-08-17T20:43:32.467" Score="12" Body="&lt;h2&gt;They were speaking Latin&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In 711&lt;/strong&gt;, the Moors took over Hispania. While &lt;strong&gt;Vulgar Latin&lt;/strong&gt; was dominant, due to the influence of the Moors, it took on a different form, integrating Arabic and forms of a related dialect called Mozarabic. Arabic was the most influential language in the development of Spanish; it is estimated that approximately 3000-4000 words in today's Spanish are derived from Arabic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1492, Granada was defeated and the Moors were expelled from Spain. The dominance of the Castilian dialect continued to grow as the Catholic kingdoms took over most regions of Spain. Isabella and Ferdinand declared Castilian Spanish to be the official dialect. Soon thereafter appeared the Art of the Castilian Language, a work that helped shape and standardize the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-17T20:49:43.583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-17T20:49:43.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8408" CreationDate="2014-08-17T21:12:57.043" Score="4" ViewCount="2062" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've seen, the &lt;em&gt;-ita/-ito&lt;/em&gt; ending is used for describing little things, or as a better way of describing time periods, especially in businesses (like a waitress saying &lt;em&gt;La comida va a estar lista en 15 minutitos.&lt;/em&gt;) Here a some others I've personally heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;libro &amp;gt; librito (a small book)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;niña &amp;gt; niñita (a small girl)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ahora &amp;gt; ahorita (right now)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tiempo &amp;gt; tiempito (in a little time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: is this one of those blanket endings that can be applied to pretty much any noun with the effect of describing it as smaller? Or is it a regional dialect/slang? How do I properly apply this ending?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also heard this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chiquititita (very, very, very small)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto, la &lt;em&gt;-ita/-ito&lt;/em&gt; final se utiliza para describir las cosas pequeñas, o como una mejor forma de describir periodos de tiempo, especialmente en las empresas (como una camarera diciendo &lt;em&gt;La comida va a estar lista es 15 minutitos&lt;/em&gt;) Aquí hay algunos otros que he escuchado personalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;libro &amp;gt; librito (a small book)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;niña &amp;gt; niñita (a small girl)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ahora &amp;gt; ahorita (right now)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tiempo &amp;gt; tiempito (in a little time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta: ¿es este un sufijo universal que se puede aplicar a casi cualquier sustantivo con el efecto de describirlo como más pequeño? ¿O es un dialecto / argot regional? ¿Cómo puedo aplicar correctamente este sufijo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he oído esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chiquititita (very, very, very small)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T13:59:36.387" Title="The word ending &quot;-ita/-ito&quot; and its usage" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8405" CreationDate="2014-08-17T21:31:06.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is this one of those blanket endings that can be applied to pretty much any noun with the effect of describing it as smaller?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is usable on all nouns as far as I know. Spanish is pretty straightforward and consistent, apart from any Arabic influences.  I can't think of any nouns you couldn't use it on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;em&gt;-illo/illa.&lt;/em&gt;  They are pretty much interchangeable and anyone's preference on which one to use depends on what they grew up saying; it's a matter of dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-04T01:26:12.910" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T01:26:12.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8405" CreationDate="2014-08-17T21:57:44.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;No&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español los sufijos diminutivos marcan generalmente tamaño pequeño, juventud, cariño o desdén, pero no hay un estudio definitivo y las pautas obedecen en gran medida a los usos locales o particulares del hablante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;ahorita&lt;/em&gt;: uno de los casos más comunes es &lt;em&gt;&quot;ahorita&quot;&lt;/em&gt;; que usado especialmente en México para indicar urgencia, es usado internacionalmente para describir posteridad, falta de prisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-uc- es un sufijo asturiano y cántabro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-et- corriente en la parte oriental de España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ic- se usa mucho en Aragón, Navarra, País Valenciano castellanoparlante, Andalucía oriental, Albacete y Murcia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ill- especialmente común en Andalucía, y otros son -it-, el más usado; -ino, propio de Extremadura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ín, propio de León y Asturias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-06T13:59:36.387" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T13:59:36.387" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8405" CreationDate="2014-08-18T00:11:45.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt; ending, like most diminuitives, is productive.  As &lt;em&gt;syrux&lt;/em&gt; points out, other ones like &lt;em&gt;-uco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-eto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ino&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;-ín&lt;/em&gt; are used more commonly in certain areas and tend to be equally as productive (to his list can also be added &lt;em&gt;-iño&lt;/em&gt; from Galicia and &lt;em&gt;-ingo&lt;/em&gt; from the Andes).  When we say a suffix is productive, that means that, theoretically, it can be added to any word and the meaning would be more or less transparently understood by a native speaker.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, in the &lt;em&gt;Gramática 9.2g&lt;/em&gt; (pp. 634-5), the RAE notes that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some words reject appreciative suffixes.  The reasons can be categorical, phonetic (§ 9.5ñ, v), and also semantic.  Relational adjectives, which are studied in § 13.12, tend not to allow them (&lt;em&gt;aéreo, musical, presidencial, pulmonar&lt;/em&gt;).  As seen in § 9.2c, ordinal adjectives can join this group.  Normally, many nouns that denote characteristics, qualities, and physical or animate state (&lt;em&gt;alegría, altura, bondad, equilibrio&lt;/em&gt;, yet &lt;em&gt;dudita, muertecita, pasioncilla&lt;/em&gt; do exist), among other abstract notions, reject the diminuitives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how there is some wiggle room in the rejection.  Just because it won't normally be done, doesn't mean it would necessarily be misunderstood if heard.  Where you do need to be careful is working with the great variety of infixes (like &lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ec-&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;) that may need to be applied.  If you read through the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, you'll see the rules are hardly fixed (most people maintain stem-changing vowels, some revert them as necessary, for instance) and so two educated speakers may very well give you opposing views as to whether a given word can take a diminuitive, and if so, how you ought to form it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;, como la mayoría de los diminuitivos, es productivo hoy en día.  Como apunta &lt;em&gt;syrux&lt;/em&gt;, según la zona, uno u otro diminuitivo como &lt;em&gt;-uco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-eto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ino&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;-ín&lt;/em&gt; tendrá más o menos popularidad (podemos también reconocer &lt;em&gt;-iño&lt;/em&gt;, de Galicia, e &lt;em&gt;-ingo&lt;/em&gt; del español andino).  Al decir que un sufijo es productivo, quiérese decir que, teorícamente, se lo puedes añadir a cualquier palabra y el significado del resultado será entendido más o menos transparentemente por un hablante nativo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática 9.2g&lt;/em&gt; (pp. 634-5), la RAE reconoce que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunas palabras rechazan los sufijos apreciativos.  Las razones pueden ser categoriales, fonéticas (§ 9.5ñ, v) y también semánticas.  No los suelen admitir los adjetivos de relación (&lt;em&gt;aéreo, musical, presidencial, pulmonar&lt;/em&gt;), que se examina en el § 13.12.  Como se vio en el § 9.2c, los adjetivos ordinales puede asimilarse a este grupo. Normalmente rechazan los diminuitivos muchos sustantivos que denotan características, cualidades y estados físicos o anímicos (&lt;em&gt;alegría, altura, bondad, equilibrio&lt;/em&gt;, pero existen &lt;em&gt;dudita, muertecita, pasioncilla&lt;/em&gt;), entre otras nociones abstractas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate como el rechazo no es total.  El hecho de que normalmente no se adjuntará un sufijo a una palabra no significa que tal palabra sufijada será malentendida.   El cuidado que debes tener es por la gran variedad de infijos (como &lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ec-&lt;/em&gt; en el caso de &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;).  Si lees la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, verás que las reglas no son nada fijas (p.ej. la mayoría de las personas conservan el diptongo en palabras con alternancia vocálica, pero alguna gente restaura el monoptongo al añadir el sufijo); por eso puede que dos hablantes cultos te den respuestas contrarias de que si una palabra admite un diminuitivo y, en su caso, cómo se la debe formar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T02:36:45.443" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T02:36:45.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-18T02:22:52.380" Score="4" ViewCount="730" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know where I should put my tongue at last when speak words like 'fidel', 'mundial','al'' international'. the position of tip of my tongue should be on the upper teeth, or gum ridge  or between the upper teeth and lower teeth?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5304" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T08:08:39.257" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T08:08:39.257" Title="What's the position of the tongue when speaking 'l' at the end of a word?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8409" CreationDate="2014-08-18T03:03:53.263" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;The tongue tip should be pressed against the gum ridge and placed behind the upper front teeth like in the figure.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://usadultliteracy.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/lsound2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T03:59:19.300" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T03:59:19.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8405" CreationDate="2014-08-18T09:27:21.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expound a bit on the other answers, and address one specific part of the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or is it a regional dialect/slang?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammatical use of &lt;em&gt;-ita&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt; is universal, however the idiomatic use of certain words is anything but!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example mentioned in your question, &quot;ahorita&quot; is the normal way, in Mexico, to say &quot;Right now&quot; or &quot;In just a moment&quot; (or some times even &quot;never&quot;... depending on context).  But in Spain this word sounds strange where &quot;Ahora mismo&quot; is the understood way to say &quot;right now' or &quot;in just a moment.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo: Me traes un café, ¿por favor?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mesera: Ahorita. &lt;strong&gt;(México)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mesera: Ahora mismo. &lt;strong&gt;(España)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-08-20T11:09:06.393" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T11:09:06.393" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2432" CreationDate="2014-08-18T13:52:54.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina and Uruguay pronounce &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; both same as the English sound of &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;she, should, show&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. The Wikipedia link shows a map of yeismo, but it may confuse the reader because Mexico and Argentina pronounce them the opposite: Mexicans (and everyone else in Central and South America but Argentina and Uruguay) pronounce &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; the same way, for example &lt;em&gt;Yo=eeh-oh&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Llover=eeh-oh-vir&lt;/em&gt;. The video posted by joulSauron is perfect to grab the idea. You will be safe pronouncing either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5464" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2021-02-03T07:43:36.870" LastActivityDate="2021-02-03T07:43:36.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8414" CreationDate="2014-08-18T21:16:50.247" Score="1" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my bag of Pumpkin seeds (from Bulgaria, which I like a lot more than other pumpkin seeds, which are bigger and flatter), It has the English (not Bulgarian) description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pumpkin Seeds Roasted &amp;amp; Salted&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which is translated thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Semillas de Calabaza Tostadas &amp;amp; Saladas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would the &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; be retained? In English it makes sense, because that single character replaces three characters (&quot;and&quot;) but in the case of the Spanish it doesn't, as the word that the ampersand represents (&quot;y&quot;) is a single character. Wouldn't this be a preferable translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Semillas de Calabaza Tostadas y Saladas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T21:37:48.447" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T01:14:39.790" Title="Why is the ampersand retained in this translation?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8413" CreationDate="2014-08-18T22:12:55.863" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it'd be preferable as &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;.  Although &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/em&gt; is certainly permissible in Spanish (in fact, the DRAE surprisingly still recognizes the full word &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; as a valid Spanish conjunction, although labeling it as &lt;em&gt;desusado&lt;/em&gt;), when standing in for &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, it's rarely used since &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/em&gt; takes more time to type or write.  In older Spanish, you'd see it occasionally fill in for etcétera as &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;cetera&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;c.&lt;/em&gt; (the latter of which sees some use in English).  In modern day Spanish, it's mainly used commercial, mostly I think to give a foreign flair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only time I'd ever see it necessary might be if there'd be a situation where, for instance, you have two people's surnames names and you want to make it clear there are two people rather than just one person with the conjunction &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; in between his/her surnames.  But that'd be such a rare circumstance (maybe multi-author parenthetical citations?) for confusion I can't even think of one off the top of my head, and frankly commas work just as nicely haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-19T01:14:39.790" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T01:14:39.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-19T06:00:09.787" Score="1" ViewCount="2311" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comparing with Spanish 't', put the tip of tongue behind the upper teeth and press a bit to pronounce it, when it comes to 'd' sound, just put the tip of my tongue between the upper teeth and the lower teeth, I want to know if this method of pronouncing 'd' is right. Is there any other ways to pronounce the 'd' sound?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5304" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-08-19T09:13:24.500" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T09:33:58.223" Title="What's the position of my tongue when I speak Spanish 'd'?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-08-21T11:14:26.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8415" CreationDate="2014-08-19T08:50:35.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Depends where the &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; is located.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In front of the word or after a consonant:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is pronounced like you how pronounce it in English. Example: &lt;em&gt;day = día, agenda = emprenda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After a vowel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is pronounced like &lt;em&gt;&quot;th&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;&quot;the&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Example: &lt;em&gt;edulcorante, educación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;At the end of the word&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is pronounced like &lt;em&gt;&quot;th&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;&quot;the&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. But in many dialects it is very relaxed. Examples:  &lt;em&gt;Madrid, usted, verdad&lt;/em&gt;. -&lt;em&gt;But you can still find some people that pronounce the &quot;d&quot; at the end of the word as in Madrid&lt;/em&gt;-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ends in&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;-ado, -ido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is almost imperceptible. Examples: &lt;em&gt;cansado, comido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Important&lt;/strong&gt;: This answer must be analyzed in its entire form. The statements are not by any means independent of each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-19T16:25:27.240" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T16:25:27.240" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8415" CreationDate="2014-08-19T10:37:51.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the standard Spanish &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; is the same as the standard Spanish &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;, but with &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; being voiced, while &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt; is voiceless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, in both phonemes the tip of the tongue is pressed to the back of the upper teeth, but pointing slightly down. Maybe the part of the tongue just next to the tip is just[touching the alveolar ridge. It is actually a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denti-alveolar_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;denti-alveolar consonant&lt;/a&gt;. Sometimes the tongue does not actually touch the teeth, so the consontant is not totally oclusive (approximant consonant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you put the tongue between the upper and lower teeth you will get a sound more like &lt;code&gt;/z/&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;/d/&lt;/code&gt;. That is usual and somewhat accepted for a &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; at the end of a word, such as in &quot;Madrid&quot; or &quot;id&quot; (imperative of &quot;ir&quot;), but not for other places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In relaxed speech, particularly in intervocalic positions, the &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; sound is sometimes relaxed. This is done by keeping a gap between the tongue and the teeth (not lower the tongue) and preventing the stop of the air flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extreme cases the &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; may even disappear, such as in &quot;estoy cansa(d)o&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt; sound cannot be relaxed this way, maybe because it is voiceless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2014-08-20T09:33:58.223" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T09:33:58.223" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8415" CreationDate="2014-08-19T13:58:51.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The consonant D, in Spanish, is known as a dental consonant, because, well, your tongue presses against your teeth.  Not to be confused with Alveolar consonants which would be above your teeth slightly, touching the alveoli (the back of the gum holes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several other variations of that consonant within different dialects.  Some pronounce it as (th), some pronounce is as a J sound (known as a post-alveolar consonant).  The TH form is a labiodental consonant because the tongue touches both the teeth and the lips.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T13:58:51.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1327" CreationDate="2014-08-19T18:19:47.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The official name is &lt;strong&gt;Estados Unidos Mexicanos&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Mexican United States&lt;/strong&gt; and it is only used in government official documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;United States&lt;/em&gt; was added in part inspired by our northern neighbors, United States of America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In normal conversation we use only México. There are some efforts by some politicians to change the official name to just México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2706" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T18:19:47.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-08-21T00:22:00.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La variedad de español hablada en México tiene muchas particularidades que la hacen facil de reconocer, y este es un buen ejemplo. La forma original y la más extendida es &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;, y es muy probable que quien no sepa que aprendiste en México lo tome por un error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es porque en español, &lt;em&gt;tener tiempo&lt;/em&gt; generalmente apunta hacia el futuro, así si le preguntas a cualquiera si tiene tiempo, entenderá que le estás preguntando por el tiempo que aun no ha gastado, y no por el tiempo que ha invertido en algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es solo para &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; pero no para las unidades como día, mes, año, hora...&#xA;por ejemplo, cualquier hispanoparlante entenderá esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo muchos años de experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es así porque estas palabras son &lt;strong&gt;contables&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;incontable&lt;/strong&gt;. Uno puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo veinte &lt;strong&gt;años&lt;/strong&gt; de experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero la frase...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo veinte &lt;strong&gt;tiempos&lt;/strong&gt; de experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;carece de sentido, ya que &lt;em&gt;tiempos&lt;/em&gt; no aporta información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aun así, no porque una forma esté poco extendida tienes que dejar de usarla. Al contrario, le da color a tu forma de expresarte y demuestra el esfuerzo no solo por aprender la lengua, sino también por integrarse. Yo aprendí inglés en Australia y sigo respondiendo a &lt;em&gt;thanks&lt;/em&gt; con un &lt;em&gt;no worries&lt;/em&gt; ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edito:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Uno puede seguir &lt;em&gt;teniendo&lt;/em&gt; cosas incontables siempre que no las trate como unidades, usando palabras como &lt;em&gt;mucho, poco, bastante, algo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo mucho tiempo libre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bebe algo de agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede convertirlo a contable usando unidades de apoyo, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un montón de tiempo libre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bebe un litro de agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T10:44:20.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8430" CreationDate="2014-08-21T18:05:10.953" Score="6" ViewCount="456" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you use the imperative for the verb &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot;?&#xA;For example, commanding someone to like the food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like the food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that be something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gústete la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that sentence, you are commanding the food to be pleasing to you, which seems awkward in  a logical sense.&#xA;Because of that, is the imperative of gustar avoided? Is it  replaced with other phrases like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te tiene que gustar la comida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te necesita gustar la comida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4233" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:22:42.977" Title="Imperative with gustar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-08-21T19:14:45.907" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that gustar is an inverted verb, compared to English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the subject is &amp;quot;comida&amp;quot;, while &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; is the indirect complement, while in English, &amp;quot;I&amp;quot; is the subject and &amp;quot;food&amp;quot; is the complement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have to use the third person imperative, and that is constructed using the present of subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que te guste la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is useful both to express a desire or a command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your alternative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te tiene que gustar la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounds nice, but it can also mean &amp;quot;it is impossible/unlikely you do not like the food&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the other one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te necesita gustar la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds very weird, not for &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot;, but because &amp;quot;necesitar&amp;quot; is not used in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T22:05:42.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-08-21T19:32:01.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo tengo que decir que sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gústete la comida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está mal y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te tiene que gustar la comida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transmite correctamente el mensaje y por consiguiente es la mejor traducción. Es la que yo usaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te necesita gustar la comida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está mal porque ni siquiera es correcto gramaticalmente. No veo otra opción mas que la anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T19:32:01.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-08-21T19:39:43.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There's a fine line between/Hay una línea muy delgada entre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The difference is not clear-cut/La diferencia es mínima&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's not black &amp;amp; white/No es blanco y negro. Aque aquí yo usaría: No todo es blanco y negro/Nada es blanco y negro&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T19:39:43.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-08-21T20:20:25.700" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gustar&lt;/em&gt; can be used in the imperative, but will normally be understand as &lt;em&gt;to try / taste something&lt;/em&gt; (its transitive meaning is &lt;em&gt;experimentar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;percibir el sabor&lt;/em&gt;, etc).  For example, the Argentinian Alfonsina Storni once wrote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corre, camina, gira, sube y vuela: &lt;strong&gt;Gústalo&lt;/strong&gt; todo porque todo es bello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, because the literal meaning of intransitive &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; is more &lt;em&gt;to please / to be pleasing / to be attractive&lt;/em&gt;, commanding someone to &lt;em&gt;gústate&lt;/em&gt; is saying &lt;em&gt;be pleasing/attractive to yourself&lt;/em&gt;.  Technically grammatical, sure, but a bit narcissistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The better word to use if you want to use the imperative is going to be &lt;em&gt;disfrutar (de)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disfruta de&lt;/strong&gt; la comida.  Quiero que te guste (la comida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you really want to use &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, Rodrigo's solution of &lt;em&gt;que te guste&lt;/em&gt; is best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T20:20:25.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2014-08-22T05:33:04.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile if you say &quot;pinche&quot; it most likely means hair clip. It's a hair clip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pásame el pinche   &lt;sub&gt;Pass me the hair clip&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5485" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T16:00:18.773" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T16:00:18.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4905" CreationDate="2014-08-22T11:47:19.530" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de &quot;sutil diferencia&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de un tiempo Uno aprende la sutil diferencia Entre sostener&#xA;  una mano y encadenar el alma,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;según el internet, lo escribió Borges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T11:47:19.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8436" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-22T14:20:15.557" Score="1" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;el agua poco profunda&quot; and not &quot;profundo&quot;? Agua is masculine although it ends with an &quot;a&quot;. And from all what i've learnt so far it should be profundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5487" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T17:50:54.230" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T17:50:54.230" Title="Why is a feminine adjective used in &quot;El agua poco profunda&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-08-25T13:43:58.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8436" CreationDate="2014-08-22T14:53:43.610" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agua is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/agua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feminine&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key here is singular feminine nouns that starts with stressed 'a' or 'ha'. Examples: el alma viva, el arma peligrosa, el hambre canina, el habla clara, el hacha pesada, el águila altiva, el ala blanca. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the noun is feminine, and the adjective must be feminine although the article is masculine. And only when the article is immediately followed by the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better and deeper &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Art%C3%ADculo%20el%20y%20un%20ante%20sustantivos%20femeninos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explanation&lt;/a&gt; (Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T01:58:15.120" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2014-08-22T18:47:38.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Nicaragua it is used as a term to describe people as &amp;quot;cheap&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;stingy&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eres pinche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're cheap/stingy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In south Texas it's used the same way; also used to imply something as cheap or worthless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ese viejo es bien pinche&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;That man is really stingy&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ese pinche viejo no hace nada bien!&amp;quot; means that worthless man doesn't do anything well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5407" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T15:47:59.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8440" CreationDate="2014-08-22T19:17:20.923" Score="4" ViewCount="1216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently learning Spanish Grammar and hoping someone can help me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a sentence in my book which is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta jugar al fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juega al fútbol todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so I know you can't say 'a el'; this changes to 'al', so the second example makes sense - &lt;em&gt;juega&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What I cannot make sense of, is why in the first sentence 'al' follows jugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing something obvious?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5488" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2014-08-24T19:20:39.190" LastActivityDate="2014-08-24T19:20:39.190" Title="definite article - and the use of &quot;al&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8439" CreationDate="2014-08-22T21:27:33.437" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no real difference between your two phrases, both include the preposition &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and the article &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;, and for the same resasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; preposition, in Spanish (in English, too) there are verbs that are usually used with a given preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which preposition? you just have to memorize them. But note that when translating between English and Spanish those prepositions usually don't match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in English, &amp;quot;listen&amp;quot; is used with &amp;quot;to&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm listening &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; music.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spanish, &amp;quot;escuchar&amp;quot; uses no preposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy escuchando música.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example, &amp;quot;dream&amp;quot; is used with &amp;quot;of&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;about&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dream &lt;strong&gt;of&lt;/strong&gt; me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in Spanish, &amp;quot;soñar&amp;quot; is used with &amp;quot;con&amp;quot; (or sometimes &amp;quot;en&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sueña &lt;strong&gt;conmigo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, in Spanish, &amp;quot;jugar&amp;quot; is used with &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm playing football.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy jugando &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; article, it is just that in Spanish, sports, and other similar activities, are normally used with a definite article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta el ajedrez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a ver el fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé jugar al tenis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Except when the sport itself works as an adjective, then there is no article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una partida de damas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un jugador de baloncesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un balón de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T21:33:15.567" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8439" CreationDate="2014-08-22T21:43:31.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The article:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Definition:&lt;/strong&gt; It is a part of the sentence that is placed &lt;strong&gt;in front&lt;/strong&gt; of the noun to indicate gender, number or if the noun is identifiable to the listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Types:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definite article: It indicates that its noun is a particular one (or ones) identifiable to the listener. Examples:  &lt;em&gt;el, la, lo, los, las&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indefinite article:  It indicates that its noun is not a particular one (or ones) identifiable to the listener. Examples: &lt;em&gt;un, una, unos, unas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contracted article:&lt;/strong&gt; Is the union established between the article &quot;el&quot; and the prepositions &quot;a&quot; and &quot;del&quot;. Examples: &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; = &quot;a&quot; + &quot;el&quot;; &quot;del&quot; = &quot;de&quot; + &quot;el&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Neutral article: It is used when you refer to abstract nouns. Example: &lt;em&gt;lo, los&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;why in the first sentence 'al' follows jugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article &quot;al&quot; follows jugar because the articles are always placed in front of the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ok, so I know you can't say 'a el' this changes to al so the second example makes sense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article &quot;al&quot; as explained above, is the union of &lt;em&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;el&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, that is why it is incorrect to write &lt;em&gt;&quot;Me gusta jugar a el fútbol&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-22T22:13:31.553" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T22:13:31.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-22T23:14:25.303" Score="5" ViewCount="5027" Body="&lt;p&gt;The em-dash has a wide variety of diferent uses in English. My question is how would you punctuate the following sentences in Spanish. Would the em-dash still work? If not, with what other punctuation mark(s) would you replace it with. (I am only looking for a basic punctuation rule to help indicate: a sudden change of thought, tone, interrumption, and/or emphasis.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use of the em dash to show a sudden change of thought:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I was going to buy a—what did you say she wanted for her birthday?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mom needs to talk to you about—oh, please excuse me! I did not know you had company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I had a great day at the zoo—hey! Is that a jaguar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use of the em dash to show a change in tone or interruption:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The new managing director of sales—I think his name is John Barry?—will be meeting with our manager early next week.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“My brother told me that—” he began haltingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I’m not sure what to do now that—oh, I can’t even think about it right now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use of the em dash to show emphatic phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Money—it was all he ever thought about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time with family and friends—that was what Jan cared about now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have worked together on this project for over three years—and never once has the team complained about the long hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also makes me wonder, would the following sentences also be interpreted in the same manner, if I were to use an em-dash (i.e., would it still reflect the same writing style).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I found the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; (DPD) to be rather vague on this subject, although, it does briefly mention that the em-dash (raya) can be used to enclose clarifications and parenthetical remarks. It doesn't help when the few examples that are given only show the em-dash being used to set off nonrestrictive appositives (I think?). It then goes on to talk about its other uses in dialogue and narrative texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank You.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I know that the use of the em-dash as shown is usually reserved for informal writing; however, I would still like to know if there is a Spanish equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.really-learn-english.com/em-dash.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.really-learn-english.com/em-dash.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.writeexpress.com/dashes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.writeexpress.com/dashes.html&lt;/a&gt;                                                  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5483" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T20:49:46.700" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T20:50:12.547" Title="Use of em dash in Spanish" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8442" CreationDate="2014-08-22T23:59:58.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Uso por incisos:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Puntos suspensivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para dejar un enunciado incompleto y en suspenso:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Estuvo muy desagradable la… No quiero seguir hablando de ello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Raya:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para indicar aclaraciones o comentarios en un texto: Bueno ― me dijo apoyándose en la puerta―, si no te molesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se utiliza para delimitar una aclaración o inciso: &lt;em&gt;Leilany, mi amiga, acaba de conseguir su primer empleo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T20:50:12.547" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T20:50:12.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8442" CreationDate="2014-08-23T00:26:04.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second one is the same than in spanish. The first and the third one doesn't have an equivalent (Thanks to your question now I see why sometimes I read english stuff and I say &quot;Why there are only one em dash&quot;). It can also be used to link words, but most of the time words are linked by not putting a space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T00:26:04.913" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8436" CreationDate="2014-08-23T02:42:07.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agua has the thonic sylabe in the A, words starting like that became &quot;masculine&quot; but just in singular form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Agua, El águila, El aula, El arma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las aguas, las águilas, las aulas, las armas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's because it would sound &quot;lagua&quot;. That doesn't sound good. But sometime you will use &quot;la&quot; with those words but it's better if you use &quot;el&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T02:42:07.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2014-08-23T08:01:33.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's not &quot;Latin&quot;... That's a variant which belongs to the language group of so-called Romance Language(including French etc), clearly vulgar Latin mixed with local peculiarities, which differed a lot with the original/formal Latin in Roma. Also remember that Spain was dominated for a few hundred years by Visigoths(some kind of Germanic people) before the Moors.  I wonder whether they were mutually intelligible at all. If people were not speaking a Romance Language when the Moor came, then how could they be speaking one instead of an Arabic language after they were gone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways such an answer could have easily been found on Wikipedia etc. isn't it?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:22:54.487" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:22:54.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2014-08-23T08:18:22.687" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Guatemala it's mostly used as a way to thank and denote that the speaker is willing to help either by doing or facilitating something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guatemalan Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¡Felicidades por tu nuevo carro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: ¡A la orden!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Congratulations on your new car!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Thanks! Whenever you need it just let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guatemalan Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Este fin de semana me voy a mudar. ¿Me ayudas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: ¡A la orden!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: I'm moving out this weekend. Do you want to help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Of course! || Sure thing! || Definitely!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5491" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T20:29:35.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8451" CreationDate="2014-08-23T14:13:48.420" Score="7" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is this singular event spoken/written as if it were plural in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The statement &quot;&lt;em&gt;I think I am going to take a vacation this week&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Creo que me voy a tomar unas vacaciones esta semana.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think it would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Creo que me voy a tomar una vacacione esta semana.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as we're talking about &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; vacation (singular) here, not vacations (plural). What up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T15:31:26.120" Title="Why is this singular event spoken/written as if it were plural in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8450" CreationDate="2014-08-23T15:31:26.120" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The singular in Spanish would be &lt;strong&gt;vacación&lt;/strong&gt;, but it doesn't exist. It's one of those words that only exist in plural form, like &lt;strong&gt;gafas&lt;/strong&gt; (glasses) or &lt;strong&gt;tijeras&lt;/strong&gt; (scissors).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And scissors doesn't have a singular form in English either! Funny, isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; just checked this in the RAE. We &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; have the singular &lt;em&gt;tijeras&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T15:31:26.120" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8287" CreationDate="2014-08-23T22:28:16.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala se utiliza  en su lugar volando, confirmando el comentario de Gorpik.&#xA;Pero en un ambiente informal es bastante comun utilizar oraciones como los ejemplos abajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayudame a entrar la ropa. &lt;strong&gt;Pero picale!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayudame a entrar la ropa. &lt;strong&gt;Pero para ayer!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayudame a entrar la ropa. &lt;strong&gt;Pero saca chispa!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5491" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T22:28:16.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4113" CreationDate="2014-08-23T23:36:51.623" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México usamos &quot; JALAR &quot; siempre con jota y se pronuncia igual con jota como jamón.&#xA;La hache H siempre es mucha solo en combinación con la C como el nombre de la letra.&#xA;Me molesta mucho escuchar en la televisión programas doblados del inglés, donde dicen (h)alen o (h)ala esa cuerda. En vez de decir jalen o jala esa cuerda.&#xA;La Real Academia de Lengua Española, es una porquería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5493" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T23:36:51.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8456" CreationDate="2014-08-25T18:52:52.067" Score="3" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English one might say &quot;I have fallen for you&quot;. Could this be said in Spanish with caer, e.g. &quot;tu me has caido muy bien&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5503" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T00:49:58.450" Title="Can caer mean &quot;fall&quot; as in &quot;fall for&quot; someone (emotionally) like in English?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8455" CreationDate="2014-08-25T19:14:32.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, although the meaning of the sentence you have isn't terribly far off from what you want to say, either, so you would probably not get a correction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say that someone &lt;em&gt;te cae bien&lt;/em&gt;, you're saying that you find them affable, a good person, etc.  If they &lt;em&gt;te cae mal&lt;/em&gt;, that means you find them to not be very good natured.  (in general, &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt; is a much better translation of the English &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt; in the sense of &lt;em&gt;I like [someone]&lt;/em&gt;, as &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; has connotations of non-platonic interest when used with people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To fall for someone&lt;/em&gt;, in the sense of crushing on someone or being head-over-heels in love with them, the most common way is to use &lt;strong&gt;enamorarse&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Me he enamorado de ti&lt;/em&gt;, often with an intensifier like &lt;em&gt;perdidamente&lt;/em&gt; or more colloquially (in Spain, at least) &lt;em&gt;hasta las trancas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hasta los huesos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-29T00:49:58.450" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T00:49:58.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8442" CreationDate="2014-08-25T19:34:41.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short: the em-dash cannot be used in Spanish like any of those English examples, except perhaps 2(a). What you read in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; is correct: only &lt;strong&gt;parenthetical remarks&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;dialogues&lt;/strong&gt; are correct uses of the em-dash in Spanish. Spaniards actually have a bit of a hard time when learning those alternative uses in English precisely because of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the aforementioned examples, Spaniards would rather use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Ellipsis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Ellipsis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Semicolon or period&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5435" LastActivityDate="2014-08-25T19:34:41.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8460" CreationDate="2014-08-26T15:12:35.270" Score="3" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently writing an essay on the film Che, and I mention how it begins with the landing of Che and other revolutionaries in Cuba. However, I cannot find a proper translation of &quot;landing&quot; with respect to this context, only &lt;em&gt;aterrizaje&lt;/em&gt;, which is used for plane landings I believe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone give me a suitable translation for this word, or any alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5505" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T08:18:45.603" Title="How would the word &quot;landing&quot; be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8459" CreationDate="2014-08-26T15:15:43.653" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would simply use &quot;la llegada&quot;, if &quot;it begins with the landing of Che and other revolutionaries in Cuba&quot; is the actual sentence you want to translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T15:15:43.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8459" CreationDate="2014-08-26T20:42:23.233" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of that specific moment when you arrive to some place on a boat or yacht the word would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;desembarco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to refer to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cubahora.cu/historia/la-hazana-mas-heroica-de-la-historia&quot;&gt;Desembarco del Granma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Granma&lt;/strong&gt; is the name of the yacht in which Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Raúl Castro, and 79 of their supporters sailed from Mexico to Cuba in 1956 and incited the Cuban Revolution in 1959.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm Cuban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2014-08-26T21:10:53.733" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T21:10:53.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-26T21:41:51.877" Score="1" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the proper translation of the word &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/epicaricacy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Epicaricacy&lt;/a&gt;&quot;? Or is it one of those complex words that only have a meaning in the original language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the translations &quot;alegría maligna&quot;, &quot;satisfacción malévola &quot; and &quot;epicaricacía&quot;. The latter one is, of course, what one would think as the proper translation but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/search/node/epicaricac%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE does not identify it&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5507" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T21:47:08.267" Title="Proper translation of Epicaricacy?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8462" CreationDate="2014-08-26T23:17:41.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;It does not exist as a single word.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the proper translation of the word &quot;Epicaricacy&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two words that you mentioned (&quot;alegría maligna&quot;, &quot;satisfacción malévola&quot;) are the correct ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it one of those complex words that only have a meaning in the original language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. You can translate the word into Spanish without losing the original meaning, but not as a single word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find &quot;translations&quot; of the word in some websites, but they are not recognized by the Royal Spanish Academy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, a search in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Epicaricacia&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Ngram Viewer&lt;/a&gt; (book search engine) of &quot;epicaricacía&quot; returned &lt;strong&gt;0&lt;/strong&gt; results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-27T01:55:14.303" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T01:55:14.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8459" CreationDate="2014-08-26T23:41:10.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la llegada&lt;/strong&gt; would be the proper translation, since it's an essay, I would use a more formal approach and go with &lt;strong&gt;el arribo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5509" LastEditorUserId="5509" LastEditDate="2014-08-27T03:08:08.453" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T03:08:08.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8462" CreationDate="2014-08-27T01:38:48.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, I would say that somebody &quot;se alegra del mal ajeno&quot; but would never say &quot;alegría maligna&quot; nor &quot;satisfacción malévola&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one doesn't make sense to me (does not sound natural nor seems to have a proper meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sounds a little bit better (I would perfectly understand what you mean if you said that to me), but still I think is not what you would hear the most, for somebody who is happy about other people's misfortunes or bad luck. Probably is just a personal preference and bias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T01:38:48.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-08-27T02:20:01.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe is too late, but I would suggest &quot;El perseguido&quot;, like in &quot;perseguido por la justicia&quot;. You can also use it as a wordplay with &quot;perseguir el premio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T18:54:38.137" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T18:54:38.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8462" CreationDate="2014-08-27T02:22:47.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;epicaricacy&lt;/em&gt; is basically a supposed Greek-derived version of the German &lt;em&gt;schadenfreude&lt;/em&gt; which is the word we actually use in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The German term is likewise used in Spanish — imported as femenine — along with the pure Spanish word &lt;em&gt;regodeo&lt;/em&gt; from the verb &lt;em&gt;regodearse&lt;/em&gt;. Quoth the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regodearse&lt;/strong&gt; 3. prnl. coloq. Complacerse maliciosamente con un percance, apuro, etc., que le ocurre a otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-28T21:47:08.267" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T21:47:08.267" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2014-08-28T13:44:38.953" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Claro&quot;, in that context, is used as short of &quot;Claro que si&quot; (or even &quot;Claro que no&quot;, depending on what's clear/obvious that is going to be your answer). 'Its clear that my answer would be &quot;yes&quot;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from clarifying that, what you have already being told about both being synonyms and &quot;por supuesto&quot; being more formal is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, although I don't know if it is offtopic to this question, &quot;claro&quot; could be used as a question (&quot;Claro?&quot;, &quot;Queda claro?&quot;) to make sure that what you just said is &quot;crystal clear&quot; to the listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T13:44:38.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8474" CreationDate="2014-08-28T21:46:06.430" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to answer questions about &lt;a href=&quot;http://world-language-h.hs.tenafly.k12.nj.us/modules/locker/files/get_group_file.phtml?gid=2298417&amp;amp;fid=22295334&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt;. The last question to which I have to tell if it is True/False is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En general, la causa por la cual algunas madres son solteras es siempre muy similar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The paragraph that I found that may help is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Generalmente se cree que madre soltera es una mujer que tuvo un hijo fuera del matrimonio y no necesariamente esto es así. Ser madre soltera puede ser resultado de un divorcio, del fallecimiento del cónyuge o en el peor de los casos por una violación. En todos estos casos la mujer asume el compromiso de criar sola a sus hijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the question is true because in all of the situations the goal of the mother is to raise her kids. What do you think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5522" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T09:41:26.203" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T09:41:26.203" Title="How can I interpret the following paragraph regarding single moms?" Tags="&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8473" CreationDate="2014-08-29T00:31:30.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question asks to validate the reasons why single mothers exist, or in other words: Why (similarity of circumstances) does a woman become a single mom? Is it often for the same reasons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say the answer to the question is false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The paragraph states that even though the general belief (**) is that single moms exist because they procreate outside a marriage, the writer later explains that single moms exist because of a number of different reasons: a divorce, a decease of the spouse, or even worst, rape.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(**) I would presume that this is the Latin American way of thinking...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="690" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T13:54:50.563" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T13:54:50.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8473" CreationDate="2014-08-29T02:18:01.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would answer like &quot;false&quot;. The paragraph you gave lists some reasons why a woman could be a single mother. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the question wants to check if you realized that there is not a single cause (noticed the &quot;se cree que madre soltera es una mujer que tuvo un hijo fuera del matrimonio y no necesariamente esto es así&quot;), and understood the many and varied reasons listed right after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That all those women chose to carry on being a single parent (or had no option) has nothing to do with what caused them to be single mothers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So its false, because even if all of them carried on for the same reason (raising their kids best they could) the reason why they have to do it by themselves are many, according to the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T02:18:01.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8478" CreationDate="2014-08-29T15:29:01.910" Score="3" ViewCount="527" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi&lt;/em&gt; is usually used like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esta es mi casa.&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;This is my house.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, sometimes I've seen it used as a regular pronoun like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Él tiene más libros que mi.&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; He has more books than I.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; also be used as a pronoun or should &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; be used when referring to oneself as a pronoun in instances like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T19:47:08.363" Title="Can &quot;mi&quot; be used as a regular pronoun?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-08-29T15:37:07.133" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's wrong. It should say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Él tiene más libros que &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;mi&quot; as pronombre posesivo, as your first example, but to use it as a pronombre personal it needs the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mi amigo se alegra por mí&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First one is posesivo (my friend / el amigo mio). The second stands for the person who is talking (me / yo). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando digo mi nombre me refiero a mí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, notice that &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt;. That may be part of the confusion with the usage of this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T02:31:14.570" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T02:31:14.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-08-29T20:05:19.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really know where you have seen someone use 'mi' as a noun, but, as a native Spanish speaker, I can say that they're wrong using it that way.&#xA;'Mi' is the possessive pronoun. To expand on what Diego Alonso said, 'mí' is a personal pronoun. &#xA;As a general tip, translate it to English and see if it makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He has more books than *my*.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes as much sense in English as it does in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5452" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T20:05:19.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8339" CreationDate="2014-08-29T20:30:42.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I grew up in Costa Rica hearing alumnos and estudiantes interchangeably. In Peru (where my parents are from) they say alumnos for all students. I don't feel like there's a solid rule like there is in French.It varies by country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5530" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T20:30:42.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-08-29T21:22:46.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi&lt;/em&gt; is an &lt;em&gt;adjetivo posesivo&lt;/em&gt; (like tu, su, nuestro, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mí&lt;/em&gt;, notice the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diacritic&lt;/a&gt;, is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronombres_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pronombre personal preposicional&lt;/a&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta carta es para mí. &lt;em&gt;This letter has been sent to me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; is also a &lt;em&gt;pronombre personal&lt;/em&gt;, but it is a &lt;em&gt;pronombre personal no preposicional&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que yo puedo hacerlo. &lt;em&gt;I think I can do it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second example (&lt;em&gt;Él tiene más libros que mi.&lt;/em&gt;) is a common mistake in some Spanish-native speakers (I have noticed it on Peruvian people). As Diego has answered, the correct sentence is &lt;em&gt;Él tiene más libros que &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be valid if you add something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tiene más libros que mi hermano. &lt;em&gt;He has more books than my brother.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in this case, &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; is an &lt;em&gt;adjetivo posesivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5531" LastEditorUserId="5531" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T19:47:08.363" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T19:47:08.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-08-30T03:44:51.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another thing you may be hearing is in phrases where an object comes after &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le gustará más a ella que a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you do need &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; because it's &lt;em&gt;to me&lt;/em&gt;.  No doubt this is probably what you heard, but because in English we've had a tendency to shift &lt;em&gt;than&lt;/em&gt; to a prepositional status making &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; most common whether as subject or object in such constructions, your mind is probably trying to over generalize the use of &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; to places where you need a subject pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-08-30T17:59:20.187" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T17:59:20.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8459" CreationDate="2014-08-30T08:18:45.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are some different possible translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desembarco&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;when it refers to a boat or sea ship&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amerizaje&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;when it refers to any kind of ship&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arribo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in case it's not actually a ship or vehicle which has came&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1715" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T08:18:45.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8485" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8487" CreationDate="2014-08-30T22:59:06.593" Score="4" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Llamamos decisión o elección al acto elícito de la voluntad que tiene por objeto(...)»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of elícito in this sentence? From word reference dictionary I get no definition, so I've tried a Portuguese dictionary and I get adjective from verb «eliciar» which may mean to expel, to bring out, to atract, to evoke, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May I use these meanings? Which one is more suitable in this situation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T13:49:41.850" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T13:49:41.850" Title="Meaning of 'Elícito'" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8485" CreationDate="2014-08-31T00:01:18.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedo decirte que en mi vida, jamás había escuchado esa palabra google dice &quot;elícito: que es voluntario&quot; pero ni la RAE ni el DEM tienen esa palabra registrada. Creo que es posible que te refieras a &quot;ilícito&quot; que significa que es ilegal, que no sigue las leyes. Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T00:01:18.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8485" CreationDate="2014-08-31T00:03:52.303" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Initially I figured this was a mere misspelling for &lt;em&gt;ilícito&lt;/em&gt;.  That said, I pulled up &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eticaepolitica.net/corsodimorale/Fundamental06.pdf&quot;&gt;the document&lt;/a&gt; it seems you got this from, and I'm more inclined to say it an odd calque from English (or Latin, given that's ultimately where we got it from) to Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The OED defines &lt;em&gt;elicit (adj.)&lt;/em&gt; as “Of an act: Evolved immediately from an active power or quality; opposed to &lt;em&gt;imperate&lt;/em&gt;” and further clarifies that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ‘&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elicit acts&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;’ of the will are its internal acts (i.e. the volitions themselves); its ‘imperate acts’ are the external acts ‘commanded’ by it. In &lt;em&gt;Ethics&lt;/em&gt;, the ‘elicit acts’ of a particular virtue are those essentially implied in its definition; its ‘imperate acts’ are those which it may under peculiar circumstances require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigating further, it seems this line is from a book translated from the Italian, as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eticaepolitica.net/corsodimorale/FundIntroduccion.pdf&quot;&gt;its introduction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es la traducción, adaptada al público de lengua española y puesta al día, de la primera reimpresión de la tercera edición del mismo manual en lengua italiana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/elicitare/&quot;&gt;Italian dictionary&lt;/a&gt; shows that the definition for &lt;em&gt;elicitare (v.)&lt;/em&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tr. [dal lat. elicitare, frequent. di elicere «tirare fuori»] (io elìcito, ecc). – In psicologia, riferito a comportamenti o condotte, stimolarli, ottenerli mediante domande o altri stimolie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I tried to find an adjective form of it, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infopedia.pt/lingua-portuguesa/el%C3%ADcito;jsessionid=DOtLx+t6srMSM3dk4mahzw__&quot;&gt;Portuguese definition&lt;/a&gt; popped up in Google with a very specific phrasal form quite relevant to the use in the document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ato elícito: FILOSOFÍA (&lt;strong&gt;escolástica&lt;/strong&gt;) o que é proporio da vontade (querer, consentir)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (do latim &lt;em&gt;elicĭtu-&lt;/em&gt;, participio passado de &lt;em&gt;elicĕre&lt;/em&gt; «fazer sair; atrair*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its root actually matches better the one for the Italian &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/elicere/&quot;&gt;elicere&lt;/a&gt;, but I'm already pretty off topic now haha.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An elicit act, in philosophy then and as used in the document, is one done of one's own will, as contrasted with an imperate act (done of someone else's).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T00:03:52.303" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8485" CreationDate="2014-08-31T01:07:27.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&quot;de la voluntad&quot; in that sentence is redundant.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on Oxford Dictionary*:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Elícito adj. : Que es voluntario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a synonym of &lt;strong&gt;voluntario&lt;/strong&gt;: voluntary in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if we substitute &lt;strong&gt;elícito&lt;/strong&gt; for voluntario we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Llamamos decisión o elección al acto &lt;strong&gt;voluntario&lt;/strong&gt; de la voluntad que tiene por objeto(...)»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see this is &lt;strong&gt;redundant&lt;/strong&gt;, because voluntario is a derivative word of voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the correct way to write that sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Llamamos decisión o elección al acto elícito que tiene por objeto(...)»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*verified with philosophical concepts, that I did't mention to avoid an unnecessary long answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-08-31T01:58:00.923" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T01:58:00.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8490" CreationDate="2014-08-31T06:32:32.100" Score="2" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last night I was watching T.V.  and there was a TV commercial about a show named &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Stand Parados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;code&gt;Stand&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish could mean &quot;Parado/a/os/as&quot; as a noun eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;They are stand&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Están Parados&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so &lt;code&gt;Stand&lt;/code&gt; sounds like &lt;code&gt;Están&lt;/code&gt;, so I think that's the reason why the show uses &lt;code&gt;Stand&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Están&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what do you call this play on words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5264" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T03:13:02.320" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T08:30:16.740" Title="What do you call this play on words?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8489" CreationDate="2014-08-31T07:22:22.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;False cognate&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;False cognates are pairs of words in the same or &lt;strong&gt;different languages&lt;/strong&gt; that are similar in form and pronunciation but have different roots and meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional information: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making some research I discovered that Wikipedia has a wrong definition of False Cognate (my definition was never extracted from Wkipedia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My answer is only applicable if you compare the two words not the whole sentence (which is misspelled)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T19:32:05.497" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T19:32:05.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8489" CreationDate="2014-08-31T10:05:08.650" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pun&quot;&gt;Pun&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paronomasia&quot;&gt;paronomasia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (in your case, with false friends words)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pun, also called paronomasia, is a form of word play that suggests two or more meanings, by exploiting multiple meanings of words, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T10:05:08.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8492" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8494" CreationDate="2014-08-31T14:24:27.990" Score="16" ViewCount="19762" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la informática se utiliza mucho el término bootstrap (últimamente para referirse a Twitter bootstrap).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que la traducción más directa es la de &quot;lengüeta de zapatos&quot;, es decir, la tira (generalmente de cuero) que se sitúa en la parte posterior de un zapato y que, tirando de ella, se ayuda a situar el pie dentro del calzado. Se deduce de ello cierto sentido de &quot;herramienta autosuficiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, esto no encaja demasiado con el significado que puede tener un bootstrap informático, que yo entendería como &quot;conjunto de herramientas para conseguir un producto autosuficiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es, entonces: ¿existe alguna palabra (o conjunto de ellas) que encaje con esta definición? En tal caso, ¿es conveniente utilizarla en detrimento del anglicismo &lt;em&gt;bootstrap&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-10-26T09:28:38.210" LastActivityDate="2020-10-26T09:28:38.210" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;bootstrap&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2014-08-31T17:58:30.057" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La imagen/metáfora original es &quot;levantarse uno mismo del suelo tirando de las lengüetas de los zapatos&quot;. Dependiendo del contexto (y de los gustos personales) se puede traducir por &quot;arranque&quot; o conservar la expresión en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5466" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T17:58:30.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2014-08-31T19:47:21.130" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que esta es una de esas palabras que, al intentar traducirlas, crean más confusión de que la resuelven. Lo que yo haría es escribirla en inglés, en cursiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bootstrap&quot; como proceso de encendido de un sistema operativo, normalmente se abrevia &quot;boot&quot;, y esto se puede traducir, sin problemas de comprensión, con &quot;arranque&quot; o &quot;inicio&quot;. &quot;Reboot&quot; sería &quot;reinicio&quot; (&quot;rearranque&quot; suena un poquo raro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &quot;bootstrap&quot; en el sentido más genérico de conjunto de herramientas y procedimientos para que un entorno se construya a sí mismo, no creo que tenga una traducción clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si te refieres a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter_Bootstrap&quot;&gt;&quot;Twitter Bootstrap&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, es un producto comercial, así que no creo que deba intentar traducirse. ¡Sería como llamar a este sitio &quot;Intercambio de Pilas&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T19:47:21.130" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2014-08-31T21:04:04.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arranque autosuficiente&lt;/em&gt; o para abreviar &lt;em&gt;autoarranque&lt;/em&gt;. Es el término más conciso que se ajusta con la definición. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En entornos tecnológicos se presupone el conocimiento del término inglés, pero si se quiere ser estricto siempre es mejor no utilizar anglicismo. La conveniencia o no de la utilización la decide el hablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-08-31T21:04:04.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2014-09-01T13:48:30.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bootstrap&quot; tiene, por lo menos, tres significados en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obviamente, el primero es un &lt;strong&gt;correa de bota&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;boot strap&quot;), y refiere a un &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parte de una bota&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hoHLY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De este significado literal, es el modismo básico que habla del proceso de inicio de un proceso autosostenido que se que supone debe proceder sin entrada externa. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cita (inglés)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del modismo básico hay variaciones especificas para algunas aplicaciones, incluso &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(negocios)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;negocios&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;informática&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según las citaciones de Wikipedia arriba mencionadas, puedes ver que en todos contextos, menos el literal, la traducción de &quot;bootstrap&quot; o &quot;bootstrapping&quot; a español es &quot;bootstrap&quot; o &quot;bootstrapping&quot; respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T03:15:30.640" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T03:15:30.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2014-09-01T16:55:06.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista la capacitación es la adquisición de conocimientos técnicos y específicos que se puede realizar en un corto plazo a través de un curso o taller, y la formación es capacitación más entrenamiento, esto significa que conlleva un plazo mayor, más compromiso y mucho más acción con lo que estamos aprendiendo, para dar forma o transformar nuestro ser, adquirimos conocimientos o competencias más genéricas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puntualmente observo como principales diferencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el tiempo: menor en capacitación, mayor en formación. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el compromiso: es más profundo el compromiso en la formación ya que hay que estar dispuesto a aceptar una nueva forma. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la acción: simultaneidad entre conocer-hacer, pongo en práctica los conocimientos a través del entrenamiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5543" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditorDisplayName="user682" LastEditDate="2019-01-27T00:31:05.877" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T00:31:05.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8505" CreationDate="2014-09-01T19:14:40.680" Score="8" ViewCount="4914" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado varias veces a mis amigos colombianos diciendo &lt;code&gt;me vi la película&lt;/code&gt;. Pero cuando les pregunto por qué dicen así, no me pueden explicar el uso de reflexivo en éste caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo he escuchado el las frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nos vemos una película mañana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te viste &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; película ayer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T11:22:06.147" Title="¿Por qué dicen &quot;me vi la película&quot;?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8498" CreationDate="2014-09-01T20:00:31.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un uso de pronominal de &lt;code&gt;ver&lt;/code&gt;, es decir de &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunas partes del mundo se usan, de forma coloquial, las formas pronominales &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;leerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;escucharse&lt;/code&gt;, incluso &lt;code&gt;comerse&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;beberse&lt;/code&gt;, cuando la actividad en cuestión se hace por motivos personales (por gusto...) en lugar de para por obligación o función práctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer me vi todas las películas de Harry Potter. (Las vi por que quise)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Viste mi documental de animales? Sí, lo vi ayer. (Lo vi por obligación)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me comí 6 hamburguesas de una sentada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me leí el libro de un tirón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T23:47:53.783" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8502" CreationDate="2014-09-02T19:37:22.043" Score="2" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure how I would translate &quot;rating&quot; in reference to a product or service.  What I mean by this is a &quot;rating&quot; that would appear on a site like Amazon or Yelp that aggregated review scores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T14:25:10.483" Title="Translate &quot;Rating&quot; as in a rating on a site like on yelp or amazon" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8501" CreationDate="2014-09-02T19:45:35.440" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;valoración /valoraciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;calificación / calificaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;puntuación / puntuaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I just checked and for example ebay.es uses &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Valoraciones más recientes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Valoraciones detalladas como vendedor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amazon.es uses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;opiniones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think that their way of providing feedback and the kind of feedback provided are different, with more verbose comments for Amazon products and with ebay focusing more on seller/buyer grading each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-02T19:53:14.560" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T19:53:14.560" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8503" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-02T22:37:58.720" Score="3" ViewCount="1076" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración original es &lt;em&gt;Using more back-channel responses&lt;/em&gt;. He buscado en varios diccionarios pero no encuentro ninguna respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el texto completo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Research indicates that we can help children's narrative structure by intervening with specific strategies;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Asking open-ended questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ask context-eliciting questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Using more back-channel responses. Use phatic comments like Yeah?, Oh!, Really? Wow!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5548" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T20:19:02.463" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T20:47:13.040" Title="¿Cómo se dice en español «back-channel responses»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8498" CreationDate="2014-09-02T23:44:20.443" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como prometí en un comentario bajo la respuesta de &lt;strong&gt;rodrigo&lt;/strong&gt;, he aquí un análisis que se basa en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE.  Aunque puede parecerlo, no es un &lt;em&gt;dativo ético&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, sino un &lt;em&gt;dativo aspectual&lt;/em&gt; que también se puede llamar &lt;em&gt;dativo concordado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; una explicación impresionantemente buena, hela aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;35.7w&lt;/strong&gt; El dativo aspectual o concordado tiene valor enfático.  El último texto que se cita añade a la variante sin dativo (&lt;em&gt;Leímos toda la prensa&lt;/em&gt;) la mayor implicación del sujeto en la acción que se menciona.  Con el pronombre &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, la oración sugiere, en efecto, que la lectura de la que se habla se concluyó, pero también que implicaba algún esfuerzo, que comportaba cierto mérito por parte de los que la realizaron o que había algo de particular en el hecho de hacerla.  Otras veces se sugiere que la acción descrita excede o sobrepasa en algo a lo que se considera normal (&lt;em&gt;Se fumaba dos cajetillas diarias; Se gastó el salario semanal en una juerga&lt;/em&gt;):  Existen otras connotaciones similares, resultados igualmente expresivos del valor &lt;strong&gt;reflexivo&lt;/strong&gt; que caracteriza el dativo concordado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen: utilízase para o indicar el esfuerzo implicado o el exceso o (como veremos) la completitud de la acción.  Comparemos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esfuerzo implicado&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vi la película. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi ojo tuvo la ocasión de recibir la información visual de la película (y tal vez mi oído la aural)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me vi la película. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hice el esfuerzo para prestar atención al contenido de la película&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exceso de lo normal&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gasté el dinero en las entradas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pagué la cantidad de dinero necesaria para conseguir las entradas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gasté el dinero en las entradas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy un tipo frugal, normalmente prefiero bajarme las películas gratis, pero aquella noche salí con una mujer bonísima&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Totalidad o completitud&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comí las palomitas. &lt;sub&gt;Disfruté de unas palomitas en el cine&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me comí las palomitas. &lt;sub&gt;Disfruté de las palomitas tanto que no le dejé ni una a la mujer con que iba (por eso no hemos vuelto a salir de nuevo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última es interesante, porque alude a una limitación importante en el uso de este dativo.  Nótase en &lt;strong&gt;§ 35.7x&lt;/strong&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; que es obligatorio un complemento «delimitado o acotado» y que «favorecen … algunos marcadores adverbiales que denotan &lt;em&gt;completitud&lt;/em&gt;».  Veamos la distinción en los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Delimitado (definitivamente finito)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anoche me vi &lt;em&gt;[ la | esta | aquella | una ]&lt;/em&gt; película. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, solo había una única película)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anoche me vi &lt;em&gt;[ las | un par de | muchísimas ]&lt;/em&gt; películas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, había varias películas, de una cantidad fija, si no explícitamente definida)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anoche me vi películas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;/strong&gt;, no es una cantidad delimitada por ser general e indeterminada)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Completitud (acabándolo definitivamente)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las palomitas me las comí &lt;em&gt;[ todas | por completo ]&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, no me quedó ninguna)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las palomitas me las comí casi todas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, no pude con más)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las palomitas me las comí a medias. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;/strong&gt;, dejé muchas y por la poca cantidad, ni implica exceso ni esfuerzo ni totalidad de manera alguna)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para recalcar lo antemencionado, no se lo puede considerar como un dativo ético.  De hecho, es posible tener ambos dativos en una misma oración (modifico en ejemplo de la RAE para mantener el tema)&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; La mujer con que salí      SE       ME     comió   todas las palomitas.&#xA;[---------------------] [--------] [-----] [-----] [-------------------]&#xA;        sujeto              dat.     dat.   verbo      comp. directo&#xA;                         asp./conc. ético&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, aquí usamos &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; para marcar (con cierta redundancia) que la mujer comió la totalidad de las palomitas.  El &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; significa que yo «beneficié» de la acción&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como regla general, el dativo aspectual tiene que concordar con el sujeto usando el pronombre átono reflexivo, mientras el dativo ético prescinde de tal concordancia&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;. Esas reglas se explicitan en los &lt;strong&gt;§§ 35.7v&lt;/strong&gt; (aspectual) y &lt;strong&gt;35.7r&lt;/strong&gt; (ético).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  Lo menciono porque &lt;strong&gt;Emilio Gort&lt;/strong&gt; marcó como posiblemente relacionada la pregunta sobre «¿Cómo me le va? y luego parece haber habido confusión en los comentarios a la respuesta de Rodrigo&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2.  Volviendo de nuevo a los comentarios de &lt;strong&gt;Gorpik&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Aradnix&lt;/strong&gt; en la respuesta de &lt;strong&gt;rodrigo&lt;/strong&gt;, y tomando en cuenta la connotación de completitud y la distinción entre el dativo ético y aspectual, dejo como ejercicio al lector (y sin comentario adicional) el describir la diferencia entre «se la comió», «me la comió», y «se me la comió»&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3.  También, es posible su análisis como un dativo de posesión (con &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; indicando que las palomitas eran mías)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4.  O al menos, no relacionarse, ya que técnicamente &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; «concuerda» gramaticalmente con un sujeto en 3ª persona, pero siendo persona(s) ajena(s) del sujeto, no admiten la forma reflexiva &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; (sin descontar la forma indirecta &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; por combinación con un pronombre átono directo en 3ª persona).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T11:22:06.147" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T11:22:06.147" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8503" CreationDate="2014-09-03T00:26:57.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking around for papers on the topic in Spanish, I've seen that the term is taken directly from English.  That said, I did find it the underlying concept translated as &lt;strong&gt;canales alternos de comunicación&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://asegrabci2009.wordpress.com/2010/03/23/canales-alternos-de-comunicacinbackchannel-communication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to me to express the concept pretty well, but as is common when using coined terms from other languages that aren't fully adapted, you should probably mention note the term in the original and work from there.  A possible way would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yngve desarrolló la idea de &lt;em&gt;back-channel communication&lt;/em&gt; (canales alternos de comunicación).  Los canales alternos constituyen un medio por que el escuchante activo puede indicar al locutor con respuestas tanto verbales como físicas que entiende o que tiene prestada la atención.  Las respuestas en este tipo de comunicación … Una formulación típica de una respuesta en el canal alterno … etcétera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see how a professor in Argentina used the term in English in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/el_uso_de_herramientas_de_la_web_2_0_y__back_channel_communications__en_una_clase_de_lengua_extranjera_.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a pedagogical paper&lt;/a&gt;, but still used many terms in Spanish to refer to the distinct elements within the concept, for another example of how to work with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando más posibilidades, he encontrado en algunos artículos el término «turno de apoyo» (que constrasta con «turno de habla») para significar una instancia de comunicación «back-channel» (de apoyo) y de «front-channel» (de habla).  He aquí algunos: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nebrija.com/revista-linguistica/files/articulosPDF/articulo_5285fa27d8676.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1º&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/asele/pdf/18/18_0407.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;2º&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nebrija.com/revista-linguistica/files/articulosPDF/articulo_52947e01a919a.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;3º&lt;/a&gt; (parece que el término disfruta de un uso bastante amplio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T02:17:47.220" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T02:17:47.220" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8503" CreationDate="2014-09-03T00:36:40.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Turno de habla o Mecanismo de devolución de canal.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In most of the cases the term has not been translated, below are some rare translations.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://eprints.uanl.mx/1127/1/1020149208.PDF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; se traduce como &lt;strong&gt;turno de habla&lt;/strong&gt; (note el nombre del capítulo de donde se ha extraído el fragmento):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.5. Las interrupciones y el &lt;strong&gt;turno de habla&lt;/strong&gt; .................................47&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para Li-chiung Yang, (...) este tipo de retroalimentación (&lt;strong&gt;back&#xA;  channel&lt;/strong&gt; signals) &quot;often overlap with the main speaker's speech, but&#xA;  they are not interruptions as they do not interrupt the main speaker's&#xA;  flow&quot;. Por lo general estas respuestas mínimas son realizadas por un&#xA;  hablante durante el &lt;strong&gt;turno de habla&lt;/strong&gt; de otro hablante. Para poder&#xA;  considerar &lt;strong&gt;a las  emisiones de habla como turnos&lt;/strong&gt; deben de tener en&#xA;  cuenta además de un mensaje  referencial y fáctico las intenciones del&#xA;  hablante según los límites del mensaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mecd.gob.es/dctm/redele/Material-RedEle/Biblioteca/2004_BV_02/2004_BV_02_13Martin_Peris.pdf?documentId=0901e72b80e412c4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; artículo se menciona diferente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existen también otros &lt;strong&gt;mecanismos&lt;/strong&gt;, denominados “&lt;strong&gt;de devolución de canal&lt;/strong&gt;”&#xA;  (back-channel response) para cuando un participante no quiere tomar el&#xA;  turno, o simplemente quiere indicar que está prestando atención al&#xA;  mensaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=179555&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; foro también se habla sobre otro artículo diferente que menciona las palabras anteriores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este documento he encontrado la traducción de esa expresión como&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mecanismos de devolución de canal&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; (¿Eh?) Explican el gesto como una&#xA;  forma más o menos inconsciente de apoyar a otros por medio de&#xA;  comunicación casi no verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T02:32:42.287" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T02:32:42.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8509" CreationDate="2014-09-03T12:52:55.930" Score="2" ViewCount="550" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to say that &quot;I'd like to find a time to meet&quot; in spanish to a spanish coworker, but I'm unsure how I would translate this concept.  I think it would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quería &lt;strong&gt;to find some time&lt;/strong&gt; pudiese reunirse con mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T16:53:18.580" Title="&quot;I'd like to find a time to meet&quot; en Español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-09-03T14:02:28.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;first, one note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reunirse &lt;strong&gt;conmigo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I would go with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podemos acordar una fecha y hora para reunirnos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo podría reunirse conmigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Spanish speakers wouldn't be too formal when trying to arrange a meeting (but as usual, it would depend on you relationship with those coworkers, their positions, or who else is CCed in that email). Please, don't hesitate to write again if you think we can help polishing that email. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T16:53:18.580" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T16:53:18.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8513" CreationDate="2014-09-03T20:26:02.363" Score="0" ViewCount="862" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Had you realized that the house was dirty before your guests arrived?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &quot;era&quot; or &quot;fue&quot; be used in this case and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the weather were good, I would get out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &quot;era&quot; or &quot;hizo&quot; be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T11:27:02.330" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T11:27:02.330" Title="Verb tenses in Spanish: &quot;fue&quot; vs &quot;era&quot; usage" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8512" CreationDate="2014-09-03T21:26:11.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the differences between &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; are sometimes subtle and it requires a lot of practice to make proper use of both verbs. In this case the correct verb is not &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;. So the right tranalation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te diste cuenta de que la casa &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt; sucia antes de que llegaran los invitados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;? Because it is a verb which in this case has a &lt;em&gt;transitional hue&lt;/em&gt;. It is not that the house &lt;code&gt;sea&lt;/code&gt;(is) dirty (forever and never change it in time), it is that &lt;code&gt;lo está&lt;/code&gt; (it is) (at this time) and can be changed, ie cleaned to don't be dirty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example, the translation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el tiempo fuera(fuese) bueno, (yo) saldría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hiciera buen tiempo, saldría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, I think the difficulty is the tense. According to the Academy the tense is &lt;em&gt;Condicional simple o Pospretérito de indicativo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbal system of any Romance language (such as Spanish) is far more rich and complex than English, so I say that therein lies the difficulty. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tense involves a possibility, depending on a condition. The possibility that I would get out (&lt;code&gt;yo saldría&lt;/code&gt;), provided the weather was good (&lt;code&gt;si el tiempo fuera bueno&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the choice of the verb in this case is correct, be or do, what failed was the tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you understand? Or do I have to improve my explanation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="2636" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T17:53:44.887" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T17:53:44.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8515" CreationDate="2014-09-04T01:30:04.063" Score="1" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;can you please correct my mistakes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My parents made me clean my room before allowing me to go out with my friends.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres me obligan a limpiar mi habitación antes de permetirme salir con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We told our friends that we would arrive late so that they would not worry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos tarde para no preocuparles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;Tarde&quot; not &quot;tardes&quot;? doesn't the adjective have to agree with the plural noun amigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I originally translated sentence 2 with &quot;como que&quot; in place of &quot;para&quot; and wrote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos trade como que no se preocuparían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;como que&quot; wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T04:23:02.617" Title="Correction of Translations from English to Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-09-06T00:46:08.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8514" CreationDate="2014-09-04T01:58:56.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Revision&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My parents made me clean my room before allowing me to go out with my friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres me &lt;strong&gt;obligaron&lt;/strong&gt; a limpiar mi habitación antes de dejarme salir con mis amigos.&#xA;Remember that &lt;code&gt;made&lt;/code&gt; is simple past and the simple past of &lt;code&gt;obligar&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;obligaron&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We told our friends that we would arrive late so that they would not worry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos tarde &lt;strong&gt;para que no se preocuparan&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;Tarde&quot; not &quot;tardes&quot;? doesn't the adjective have to agree with the plural noun amigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is tarde because tarde in this case is an adverb, and adverbs lack of gender and number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;como que&quot; wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case what you have to translate is &lt;code&gt;so that&lt;/code&gt;. The translation of &lt;code&gt;so that&lt;/code&gt; in this case is &lt;code&gt;para que&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T02:06:35.803" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T02:06:35.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8514" CreationDate="2014-09-04T02:09:17.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Revision&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So so... almost correct. Let's go to check them one by one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My parents made me clean my room before allowing me to go out with my friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation is &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; correct. It sounds very formal and quite artificial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis padres me &lt;em&gt;obligaron&lt;/em&gt; a limpiar mi habitación antes de &lt;em&gt;permetirme&lt;/em&gt; salir con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, the verb &lt;em&gt;obligar&lt;/em&gt; is excesive. Sounds like a punishment. If that's the case it's alright, but if it isn't is better to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis padres me hicieron limpiar mi habitación (cuarto) antes de permitirme salir con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second verb in italics &lt;em&gt;permitir&lt;/em&gt; is correct, but sounds very formal in this case, like a sentence from a textbook of Spanish... Wait!!!. At least in my country, would be more natural to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis padres me hicieron limpiar mi cuarto antes de &lt;em&gt;dejarme&lt;/em&gt; salir con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Correction&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syrux is right. The correct tense in this case is &lt;code&gt;preterito perfecto simple&lt;/code&gt; because the action is ended. If you say &lt;em&gt;me hacen&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;me obligan&lt;/em&gt; then you mena that it happens everyday, all the time, not only once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is ok. But we can notice few things. The first, the tranaslation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos tarde para no &lt;em&gt;preocuparles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Souns well for someone in Spain. In Mexico and maybe other places in America, that word: &lt;em&gt;preocuparles&lt;/em&gt; sounds strange. Is leism, I know, but to us it sounds like missing an indirect object. We would say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos tarde para no &lt;em&gt;preocuparlos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le dijimos a nuestros amigos que llegaríamos tarde para &lt;em&gt;que no se preocuparan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;tarde&lt;/em&gt; is singular and not in plural is because it is not an adjective as you think, in this case is an adverb of time. So the use is correct in singular, always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About you last question or doubt, &lt;code&gt;como que&lt;/code&gt; isn't correct simply because is a literal translation of the English &lt;code&gt;so that&lt;/code&gt;. It's more like an idiom or a way to express the same idea that in Spanish is suitable the preposition &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="5486" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T04:23:02.617" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T04:23:02.617" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5201" CreationDate="2014-09-04T10:14:09.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia el uso del &quot;me&quot; en este caso específicamente se refiere a que la persona a quien va dirigida la pregunta tiene alguna familiaridad con su interlocutor de manera que el &quot;me&quot; hace referencia a una pertenencia en el sentido de que la persona está en su &quot;corazón&quot;. En los pueblos la gente es muy amable y feliz, de manera que todos son bienvenidos y los locales están felices de recibir a &quot;sus&quot; amigos. Por eso el &quot;me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5554" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-06T00:42:42.717" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T00:42:42.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8520" CreationDate="2014-09-04T20:31:41.227" Score="8" ViewCount="2156" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces he encontrado publicidades que usan la forma &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; como lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QcTKe.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que que estaría mejor usar la forma &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, porque es mas formal y profesional (en mi opinión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quizás no pienso correctamente? ¿Qué significa la forma &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T15:39:58.663" Title="¿Por qué se usa la forma &quot;tú&quot; en publicidades en vez de &quot;usted&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8521" CreationDate="2014-09-04T20:34:42.320" Score="4" ViewCount="4098" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm attempting to translate the idiom &quot;Reaching out to you&quot; to Spanish.  It's informal, but still used in a business sense such as &quot;I'm reaching out to you again about the message I sent you.&quot;  Is there a Spanish equivalent expression?  All I can think of is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contactando a ti&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which doesn't seem to be the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastEditorUserId="2986" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T20:55:31.930" LastActivityDate="2020-06-16T14:57:18.157" Title="Spanish translation of the idiom &quot;Reaching out to you&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8518" CreationDate="2014-09-04T20:46:52.687" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser para ofrecer cercanía con el publico al que se dirige. La forma &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; es mucho mas formal y desde luego implica respeto, pero eso no quiere decir que la forma &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; carezca de él. Creo que en este caso hay mucho contexto en el canal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo decirte, como nativo hispanohablante, que &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; puede tener connotaciones negativas. Cuando yo tenía alrededor de veintipocos años, si mis profesores de universidad se dirigían a mí &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; lo interpretaba como parte del ambiente serio de la clase o del profesor. Si alguien se dirigía a mí &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; en la calle al preguntarme la hora, me hacia sentir &lt;strong&gt;muy viejo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La publicidad puede querer apartarse de esas connotaciones de &lt;strong&gt;demasiado&lt;/strong&gt; serio, demasiado formal o &quot;envejecer&quot; al interlocutor. No necesariamente falta al respeto. Si ese cartel es de un zoo, el publicista lo querrá asociar con algo lúdico, no con algo serio y formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T15:38:13.917" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T15:38:13.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8519" CreationDate="2014-09-04T20:52:31.950" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te escribo para preguntarte por [...] / Le escribo para [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;note, a Spanish speaker would not say &lt;em&gt;contactando a ti&lt;/em&gt; but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;contactarte / contactarle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quería contactarte para preguntarte acerca del correo que te escribi hace poco [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-06T00:44:54.503" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T00:44:54.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8526" CreationDate="2014-09-04T22:37:48.173" Score="4" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got this in an email from a native Spanish speaker:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario creo debes proponer tu sobre como disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;literal&quot; English translation would be the (ungrammatical) following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As the majority holder, I believe you must propose about how to dispose of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused regarding &quot;sobre como disponer de esto.&quot; In English, it would be a case of &quot;redundant&quot; prepositions, &quot;about how.&quot; That is, in English, one would say, &quot;You must propose how to dispose of this. Is it proper Spanish to include &quot;sobre&quot; which would not be included in the English equivalent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T13:10:47.897" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:10:47.897" Title="&quot;Sloppiness&quot; by a native Spanish speaker? Is it redundant to say &quot;creo debes proponer tu sobre como disponer de esto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8522" CreationDate="2014-09-04T22:48:47.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Cómo is not a preposition&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario creo debes proponer tu sobre como disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have two errors here, that may influence the reader: change &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the redundancy is not present because &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; is not a preposition is an adverb, specifically an  interrogative adverb of mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3081" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-05T02:35:31.420" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T02:35:31.420" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8518" CreationDate="2014-09-04T23:23:47.383" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, el uso de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; es más formal, pero no necesariamente más profesional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En América, algunas regiones al menos, desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX si no es que desde antes, el uso de deícticos sociales para marcar respeto o cortesía, concretamente la forma &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; ha ido en retroceso en su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anteriormente era habitual que los hijos se dirigieran &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; a los padres. Ni qué decir con desconocidos o las figuras de autoridad: el cura, el maestro, etc. Ahora se considera excesivo y anticuado. Sin embargo, entre los ancianos y en zonas rurales suele usarse todavía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; ha servido para romper esa distancia, esa lejanía que las jerarquías sociales marcaban antaño. Se usa como símbolo de confianza, de amistad incluso. El cartel que mencionas, como dice Diego, pretende ser lúdico, no serio, yo agregaría que incluso amigable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, también es cierta esa connotación negativa que puede usarse con el pronombre &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, que puede usarse como ya dijo &lt;strong&gt;Diego&lt;/strong&gt;. En mi experiencia breve y reciente con una colombiana, usa el pronombre &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; cuando está molesta, para marcar distancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que como puedes ver, usar &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; no es necesariamente profesional, tiene muchos matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una última aclaración en cuanto a la nota de &lt;strong&gt;guifa&lt;/strong&gt;. En ciertas regiones de América, notoriamente en Argentina y Uruguay, pero también en regiones fronterizas de Paraguay y Bolivia con Argentina. De igual modo que en la región paisa de Colombia (departamentos de Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda y Quindío), y en Centroamérica, se usa el &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;. Se dice que incluso en el sureste de mi país (México) pero no lo he escuchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este fenómeno implica la sustitución del pronombre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; y el uso de formas verbales &lt;em&gt;átonas&lt;/em&gt;. Es bastante interesante el voseo, pero no me quiero entretener con él. En todo caso, en la Wikipedia hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; bastante extenso al respecto. Puedes leerlo si te interesa. El punto con todo esto es que si el cartel que muestras estuviese dirigido al publico argentino o uruguayo, entonces en vez de usar &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; se usaría el &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; con las mismas intenciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="5712" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T15:39:58.663" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T15:39:58.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8522" CreationDate="2014-09-05T11:51:41.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; is ungrammatical. The original sentence has at least four mistakes, in fact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Two missing accent marks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A missing comma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A superfluous &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also add the relative &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; to introduce the subordinate, though it is not strictly necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, the sentence should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que debes proponer tú cómo disponer de&#xA;  esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; is superfluous because the verb &lt;em&gt;proponer&lt;/em&gt; is transitive, so it requires a direct object which is never introduced by a preposition (excepting for the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in some cases when the object is a person, but this is not the case). In this sentence, the direct object is the subordinate &lt;em&gt;cómo disponer de esto&lt;/em&gt;, so it must not take a preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A different case would arise if we used a periphrasis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que debes hacer una propuesta tú sobre&#xA;  cómo disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the direct object for &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; (which is also transitive) is &lt;em&gt;una propuesta&lt;/em&gt;, and the proposal may deal about something (&lt;em&gt;sobre cómo disponer de esto&lt;/em&gt;). In this case, the Spanish grammar is not too different from the English one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-09-07T22:15:01.707" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T22:15:01.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3314" CreationDate="2014-09-05T14:54:39.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una cuestión de uno tener más vocabulario que su vecino, eso se nota en todos los países y todas las lenguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primeramente, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los caballos sudan (animales).    &#xA;Los hombres transpiran (ser humano).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, los caballos son muy sudorosos y los hombres pueden ser también muy transpiradores.  ¿No se dice que el que conspira es un conspirador? Entonces el que transpira es lógicamente un transpirador y no sudoroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: No soy de lengua castellana, pero portuguesa de Brasil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5559" LastEditorUserId="3081" LastEditDate="2014-09-06T00:39:51.750" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T00:39:51.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8501" CreationDate="2014-09-05T15:02:38.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ratings = Evaluaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir cuanto vale el producto, por ejemplo, de una a cinco estrellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The product is rated 4 stars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El producto esta' evaluado con quatro estrellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver EVALUAR, EVALUACION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hadoc.azc.uam.mx/evaluacion/queesevaluar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hadoc.azc.uam.mx/evaluacion/queesevaluar.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respuesta firmada por un brasileno con teclado francés ^^&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5559" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T15:02:38.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8518" CreationDate="2014-09-05T16:29:24.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker of English, my take on this is that, especially in advertising, the company wants to make a connection with the intended audience, and therefore will use either the formal or the informal to connect with either a older vs. younger, more hip/modern vs. traditional, or formal vs. familiar crowd.  In the case of the post above, the intention seems to be to make the reader feel part of the family, that we all must do it together or maybe even as far as implying that the future generations of manatee are as important as our own children.  If you look in any Spanish-language magazine with a lot of ads (not hard to find), you get a sense of this from the formal vs the informal commands used to sell the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5562" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T16:29:24.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8533" CreationDate="2014-09-07T02:54:39.080" Score="0" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some idioms that I can't memorize because the way the phrase is in Spanish is unlike the English word. I can't find a logical pattern in why the phrases in Spanish are the way they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you help me find some patterns about these words that I can't memorize. Help me find why I can't memorize these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a common reason that I can't remember these words? Can you spot some pattern among these words&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;por màs que&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;saber a&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;salir a luz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;dar par en par&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cómo es eso?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;por poco&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a lo largo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sí o sí&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T04:43:39.037" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T04:43:39.037" Title="I need help memorizing Spanish idioms: is there a pattern between the words that I miss?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-08T00:41:03.543" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8531" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-07T02:58:32.813" Score="1" ViewCount="35944" Body="&lt;p&gt;Era en un tebeo que estoy leyendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adición: el contexto: Una persona regresa con comida por solo una otra, y un otro personaje dice &quot;¡¿Qué hay sobre la comida que nosotros queríamos comer?!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5569" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-08T00:44:17.273" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T13:28:04.747" Title="Cuál es el significado de la palabra &quot;hay&quot; en &quot;qué hay sobre&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8531" CreationDate="2014-09-07T03:12:51.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ese &quot;hay&quot; es de &quot;haber&quot;. Es una forma de preguntar &quot;qué &lt;em&gt;existe&lt;/em&gt; sobre [algo]&quot; o &quot;qué &lt;em&gt;se sabe&lt;/em&gt; acerca de [algo]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que no hay mucha diferencia entre cómic y tebeo. Siempre pensé que &lt;em&gt;tebeo&lt;/em&gt; era la forma española de llamar al cómic. Había una publicación llamada TBO &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TBO_(comics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TBO_(comics)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que de ahí viene el nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T03:12:51.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8530" CreationDate="2014-09-07T03:30:55.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, as you've pointed out, many of these are idioms which by definition aren't intuitable by looking at the words that comprise them because they break patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, many of the things you've listed aren't really idioms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo es eso?&lt;/em&gt; is easily broken down and understood from its components (“How is that so?” or “How is that?” depending on whether &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; is the subject or object)    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; just takes the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; when used with verbs; English likewise has a number of verbs —sans predictable pattern— that require a preposition with verbs but not with nouns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sí o sí&lt;/em&gt; translates word-to-word to English: “yes or yes”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;par en par&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;two into two&lt;/em&gt; or 100%, so &lt;em&gt;de par en par&lt;/em&gt; means “completely”, “of 100%”, “at maximum”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since these expressions aren't really related, about all I can say is to work to memorize them and try to integrate them into your regular usage of the language and you'll eventually get them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T03:30:55.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8531" CreationDate="2014-09-07T07:46:43.767" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respecto a tu primer duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso en este caso del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; alude a la existencia o a la situación en la que se encuentra algo o alguien, en este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; sobre la comida que (nosotros) queríamos comer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo haber puede sustituirse con &lt;em&gt;pasa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sucede&lt;/em&gt; (que en vez de &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt; requeriría la preposición &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que quiere saber la persona que pregunta es la causa de la ausencia de dicha comida ¿que ha sucedido con la comida? ¿donde está o porque no está lista aun? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a lo del tebeo, se trata de un españolismo para referirse a una historieta o cómic, cuyo origen ya aclaró Diego. Fuera de España es raro escuchar que alguien diga tebeo y más raro aun que te entiendan, sobre todo si lo comentas con los chicos que gustan de esas lecturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T07:46:43.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8530" CreationDate="2014-09-07T17:29:59.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there is no pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid that is more or less the problem that non-native English speakers face with phrasal verbs. First, you need to memorize. After some time, your skill, experience and context of the sentence will allow you to understand the meaning of these idioms when you hear a new one for first time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When learning English we always came across with these list with phrasal verbs. They are always really long lists, and we get warned they are never complete, since new phrasal verbs come up every day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To a native Spanish speaker &quot;Echar de menos&quot; o &quot;Ponerse al día&quot; would make perfect sense, but they would have a hard time trying to explain you why those words together get that meaning, so I don't think you can extract patterns from these kind of idioms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T17:29:59.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-07T18:11:59.477" Score="3" ViewCount="9750" Body="&lt;p&gt;At a restaurant, it is customary for the waiter or waitress to say &lt;em&gt;buen provecho&lt;/em&gt;  to wish us good eating.  I considered it roughly the same as &lt;em&gt;bon apetit&lt;/em&gt; in French or English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I started getting weirded out when &lt;strong&gt;total strangers&lt;/strong&gt; would pass by me eating food and say &quot;¡buen provecho!&quot;.  It seemed totally inappropriate they should be talking to me about my food in this manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some time I observed &lt;em&gt;buen provecho&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is used way more frequently than &lt;em&gt;bon apetit&lt;/em&gt; - it is almost obligatory.  Even if I am texting my friend that I am going to each lunch, the response is &lt;em&gt;buen provecho&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it used so frequently?  Is there a shade of meaning that I am not catching?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't remember hearing this expression among my other Hispanic friends. Is this expression specific to Puerto Rico? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T08:20:26.320" LastActivityDate="2021-05-14T16:05:18.327" Title="Origen y uso de &quot;buen provecho&quot; en Puerto Rico - Local Use and Meaning" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-07T21:32:33.887" Score="4" ViewCount="2283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been teaching myself Spanish for a while now and am getting ok but I am confused by the use of el, la, los and las.  I know that they are used to give gender and number.  That's no problem.  What I have issue with is when they are used in a sentence that they seem out of place in.  A basic example would be &quot;me gusta LA cena&quot;.  To me this reads &quot;I like THE dinner&quot;, which is obviously not great in English.  Am I to take it that we use el, la etc when we are using the noun?  If this is that case then how do I know when the speaker is just using the noun and when they actually want the word &quot;The&quot;?  Is this just to be gleamed from the context? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5573" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-08T00:35:59.930" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T05:06:07.910" Title="Using El, La, Los and Las when it seems that they should not be used" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8538" CreationDate="2014-09-07T23:30:00.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in the case of &quot;Me gusta la cena&quot;, you've fallen into a common trap of thinking of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; as meaning &lt;em&gt;to like&lt;/em&gt;. In realty, it means &lt;em&gt;to be pleasing&lt;/em&gt;. That's why the verb is conjugated in the third-person singular &lt;em&gt;gusta&lt;/em&gt; rather than first-person singular &lt;em&gt;gusto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, for a number of reasons that I won't get into for fear of making things more confusing than less, a subject &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; have some sort of determiner attached to it. For &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt; that could be an article like &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;; a quantifier like &lt;em&gt;toda&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mucha&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;poca&lt;/em&gt; (normally in plural though); a demonstrative like &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;aquella&lt;/em&gt;; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we can omit this when we speak about things generally. Compare &quot;I like dinner&quot; (the meal) to &quot;I like &lt;em&gt;[ the | a | this | that | yon | some ]&lt;/em&gt; dinner&quot;. In Spanish you can too — but only when the noun is an object.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; As subject, the determiner is mandatory, and when the general sense is meant, you use the definite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare these two English sentences using a different gustar construction (very formal and literary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like dinner. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(in general)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta la cena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gusto de cenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like the dinner. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(this one here)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta la cena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gusto de la cena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how as an object (in this case, of a preposition), the articles more or less work as expected.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; But as a subject, the distinction isn't possible and both sentences are identical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Technically, passive sentences are an exception — the precise restriction is specific to the subjects of active voice sentences. The subject of a passive voice sentence is the object of the active voice, and as such it can have (but doesn't require having) the article omitted if and only if it would have been so omitted in the active voice formulation.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Even given this, in some cases you may still hear people use an article though it's not strictly needed.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T15:12:24.483" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T15:12:24.483" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8540" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-08T00:34:30.707" Score="7" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8539/12&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; mentions that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Spanish, for a number of reasons ... , a subject must have some sort of determiner attached to it. For cena that could be an article like una or la; a quantifier like toda, mucha, or poca (normally in plural though); a demonstrative like esta, esa or aquella; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would love to see those reasons enumerated and explained. When and why is a &quot;determiner&quot; necessary for every subject? And what is the grammatical name of this concept?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T23:23:00.380" Title="When and why is a &quot;determiner&quot; necessary for a subject?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8538" CreationDate="2014-09-08T13:46:12.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gavin,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also a beginner learner of Spanish, and I also have been mystified about the use of el, la, los and las.  I have come to the conclusion that they are no simple rules to determine when they need to be used, and when not; otherwise they would be in every beginners textbook, wouldn't they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have surmised, picking up morsels of information from various sources. This is my summary, so unlikely to be correct, but hopefully it will prompt more knowledgable responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;el, la, los and las are called definite articles.  The rules for use in Spanish are different to those in English. In Spanish they will be used more often than in English.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They are used in front of all abstract nouns and when the noun refers to something in general, rather than something in particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El inglés no es fácil.  (English is not easy).&#xA;Me gusta el pescado    ( I like fish)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They are not used when the noun is an uncountable noun  (uncountable noun?? It's enough to make one's head spin. A rule I find useful: if the words &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; could be inserted in English, then it's likely to be an uncountable noun):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay gente que no come carne  (There are (some) people who do not eat (any) meat)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesito leche y huevos para el postre  (I need milk and eggs for the desert)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Exactly as in English, they are used when we know something exists, or has already been mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los empleados de esta oficina trabajan muy poco  (The employees in this office work very little)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He comprado la leche y los huevos  (I have bought the milk and the eggs {which earlier you told me you needed})&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of exceptions. In no particular order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are not used after &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are not used with people's names, continents, countries and cities (there are exceptions to this exception).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before most titles when speaking about someone; but not if speaking directly to them. [This rule &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; mentioned in most beginners textbooks].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes they are not used after the proposition '&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;'; example:  No hablar en clase  (No talking in the class).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, this is my best effort. Hopefully it is, on balance, more useful than confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&#xA;PhilW&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T13:46:12.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-09-08T16:19:44.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a person who is Puertorican and who lived there for 20 years I can tell you, unless etiquette has changed greatly in the 23 years since I left, a number of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bon apetit&quot; was never used at ANY restaurant, even high-end ones in San Juan. &quot;Buen Provecho&quot; was always used, and almost, indeed, a phrase so &quot;natural&quot; to the customs of everyday language that it is said almost in the most spontaneous way, just as we say &quot;Thank you&quot; (well, those who do).&#xA;Indeed, &quot;bon apetit&quot; is almost a literal translation to &quot;Buen provecho&quot;, but simply as usage, not exactly word for word. That is inconsequential to the issue at hand, to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to roots and origin, I have no possible help there, never having been concerned with Etymologies. Your best source is to google &quot;Diccionario de Real Academia Espanola&quot; which must have its website and would offer you the entire context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of people passing by and telling you &quot;buen Provecho&quot; is something that I cannot recall ever hapenning to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is, one must be BLUNT, a CLASS issue I suppose, and Puertoricans are known, broadly speaking, to be rather &quot;informal&quot; in their approach to strangers. If you look American, then they probably would try even harder to establish contact, since &quot;we&quot; have &quot;worshipped&quot; Americans for more than a century (an exception being the Independence movement). With all respect to you, where you at a rather informal place like, say a &quot;diner-like&quot; restaurant? The higher you go in the socioeconomic strata the less you will see such spontaneity. This, in my experience, is something almost &quot;universal&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are &quot;weirded out&quot;, as you say, the advice wsould be to simply be polite and offer a &quot;distant&quot; smile. Perhaps a &quot;GRACIAS&quot;.&#xA;There is, to my knowledge, no &quot;shade of meaning&quot; as you point out rather &quot;mysteriously&quot;. Again, it is the equivalent, when it comes to everyday language, to a very common expression like &quot;thank you&quot;. No thought is given to it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to &quot;bon apetit&quot;, you are perhaps aware of how the french phrases that were so much a part of the English language (to basically denote class, sophistication)are dying slowly. Alas, the French are quite disturbed by it. There was a time when even in PR the highest levels of society (in many countries, indeed) people felt they NEEDED to speak at least some broken French. No more. In Manhattan, where I live, it is used less and less, and since there isn't a phrase to connote this, I see an &quot;enjoy!&quot; as the &quot;exit&quot; for the waiter. &quot;Bon apetit&quot;, again, is dying a slow death, and it is starting to sound a bit pretentious. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5575" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T08:34:06.750" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:34:06.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8540" CreationDate="2014-09-08T16:44:15.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí es donde la morfología entra en acción &lt;em&gt;morph&lt;/em&gt;(del griego forma) y &lt;em&gt;logía&lt;/em&gt; (ciencia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición de morfología por la RAE: Parte de la gramática que se ocupa de la estructura de las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues morfología de los determinantes sería correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determinante:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Se suele llamar determinante a una función sintáctica desempeñada por diversos tipos de partículas que acompañan en castellano al núcleo del sintagma nominal situándose delante de él para especificarlo. Existen fundamentalmente cuatro tipos: predeterminantes, actualizadores, cuantificadores e interrogativo-admirativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos determinantes pueden posponerse, pero entonces cabe llamarles más bien adjetivos determinativos: &amp;quot;El libro ese&amp;quot;. Los determinantes se utilizan para señalar el objeto al que se refieren y delimitar su significado. (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El determinante ayuda a precisar el significado del nombre, por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Coche(s) no arranca(n)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Coche&lt;/em&gt; no se sabe cual és.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi(Mis) coche(s) no arranca(n) (se especifican los del orador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese(Esos) coche(s) no arranca(n) (se especifica unos cercano al orador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquel(Aquellos) coche(s) no arranca(n) (unos lejano a orador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchos coches no arrancan (generaliza)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición anterior (*) y su clasificación pueden verse en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol/Morfolog%C3%ADa/Determinante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace de Wikibooks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas clases con ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Posesivos: mi, tu, su, mis, tus, sus, nuestro/a, vuestro/a, suyo/a, cuyo/a(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Numerales: un, dos, tres, cuatro...primero, segundo, tercero...mitad, octavo, diecisieteavo...doble, triple, terciodécuplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extensivos: demasiado, mucho, bastante, escasa, poco, ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interrogativos-exclamativos : qué, cuánto, cuánta, cuándo, cuál, cuáles, dónde, quién, quiénes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se quiere profundizar más ya se debería ir a la sintaxis que estudia su función dentro de la oración, pasando al sintagma determinante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T17:22:13.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-09-08T17:54:07.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A slice of the entire explanation in English. Is due to the invasion suffered on Spain by many centuries. In Arabic cultures is quite common to use it and I think they use it in other situations, after the reconquest the Catholic Monarchs tried to eradicate without success and so extended to America. It is globally used in any Spanish-spoken country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a la invasión que sufrió la península y permaneció durante la conquista de América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varios artículos pero me quedo con éste &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ellitoral.com/index.php/diarios/2008/10/13/informaciongeneral/INFO-01.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ellitoral.com/index.php/diarios/2008/10/13/informaciongeneral/INFO-01.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los reyes contra los eructos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien: ¿qué tiene que ver la costumbre de eructar de los chinos, y también de los japoneses, y en general, de los pueblos africanos, con el muy castizo &amp;quot;buen provecho&amp;quot; que la Conquista impuso en Latinoamérica como fórmula de cortesía?&#xA;Otra vez la historia: el &amp;quot;buen provecho&amp;quot; no hubiera llegado acá si entre los años 711 y 1492 los moros no hubieran invadido y sometido a España, imponiéndole sus costumbres, entre ellas el eructo y unos 4.000 vocablos, como almohada, algodón o azúcar.&#xA;[...]&#xA;Como se sabe, los Reyes Católicos terminaron echándolos y maldiciendo su religión, así que es probable que también se la agarraran contra el eructo y lo erradicaran de la mesa. Sin embargo, ha sobrevivido como resabio entre los hispanohablantes el &amp;quot;buen provecho&amp;quot;, que urge reemplazar por &amp;quot;buen apetito&amp;quot;, si lo que se busca es ser cortés y prevenir papelones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá no hace falta reemplazar buen apetito por buen provecho en familia o amigos, por cortesía parece que es mejor usar buen apetito (algún camarero que lo desmienta?), aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apetito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este articulo&lt;/a&gt; se llega a diferenciar su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T18:31:08.117" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8547" CreationDate="2014-09-08T18:34:58.657" Score="5" ViewCount="1278" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned I can do it in following ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, hablas tú inglés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, tú hablas inglés? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, habla usted inglés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, usted habla inglés? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, hablas inglés? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Disculpe, habla inglés?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Is there any difference what order &quot;habla&quot; and &quot;usted&quot; are in (1 vs 2 and 3 vs 4)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Is it more appropriate to include the pronoun usted/tú or can it be omitted (5/6 vs 1/2/3/4)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. Would it be appropriate to use informal tú if talking to someone younger than me (1/2/5 vs 3/4/6)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5529" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T02:59:25.887" Title="What's the most appropriate way to stop someone on the street and ask if they speak English?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8545" CreationDate="2014-09-08T18:57:14.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are addressing someone you don't know I would use &quot;usted&quot;, except if you are addressing to someone much younger than you or if depending on the context may seem inappropriate to be too serious or too formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, #3 is the one that sounds best (along with #5). Note that #1, #2 and #5 should be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Disculpa (o perdona), hablas inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and not &lt;em&gt;Disculpe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, #2 sounds a little bit rude to me, like if it had some tone of skepticism. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Disculpa, hablas inglés? / ¿Disculpe, habla usted inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-09T00:06:02.800" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T00:06:02.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8545" CreationDate="2014-09-08T19:32:26.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of sociolinguistic issues going on between &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Vd.&lt;/em&gt;  If someone is younger than you, you can &lt;em&gt;generally&lt;/em&gt; use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, but the details are best left to one of the questions on here more directly suited to it, but when in doubt, use &lt;em&gt;Vd.&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Omiting the pronoun can always (and, preferentially) be done with &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.  With &lt;em&gt;Vd.&lt;/em&gt; it is better to include since you haven't previously established whom the third-person conjugation refers to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to the order of the pronouns, there is actually a difference in meaning.  When you ask &lt;em&gt;¿Habla usted inglés?&lt;/em&gt;, you are genuinely curious as to whether they speak or not (it's a true interrogative statement).  When you ask &lt;em&gt;¿Usted habla inglés?&lt;/em&gt;, you're actually taking a declarative statement, and turning it into a question (cf. &quot;You speak English?&quot;), which makes is what makes it sound a bit rude, since it presupposed that they do and you're questioning that presupposition, or the exact opposite — that you're surprised that they do, and questioning it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T19:32:26.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8545" CreationDate="2014-09-09T01:36:24.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we don't need to emphasize or clarify the subject as in English or French, the conjugation tell us clearly. So, from your 6 choices in the first 4 you can avoid to say the pronoun. Guifa explais it very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about your options: The 1 and 2 are incorrect for me, in the way that don't sound natural. Not for a native speaker. And if you want to be not so formal and use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; then you should use in concordance &lt;em&gt;Disculpa&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;Disculpe&lt;/em&gt;. The same mistake is in the number 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 3 and 4 are in the same case. But for me, between 3 and 4, 3 sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitively the 5 is the best one. But you should write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpa, ¿hablas inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and when &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is a little bit difficult. In my case, if I talk with a young person or with someone younger than me I'll use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; the most of times. But if is someone older than me automatically I use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. That could be an empirical rule you can use. Perhaps I'm not so polite because I rarely use explicitly the pronoun &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; when I ask something to someone in the street. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A curious fact: in my country, or at least where I live, if you want to know if a native Spanish speaker speaks English just ask him/her in English, if he or she understand you and knows how to answer then you can know it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="5486" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T02:59:25.887" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T02:59:25.887" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2014-09-09T09:23:48.193" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The distinction between Latin and Spanish (or Catalan, Portuguese, French, Italian, etc.) is inherently somewhat arbitrary. These languages went through a series of stages, some of them poorly documented. Until very recently, most people would also have spoken a local variant that didn't evolve into a modern, standardized language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be said is that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latin mostly supplanted other unrelated or weakly related languages (including Basque, celtic languages, etc.) earlier and hasn't been displaced in Spain (or France or Portugal) to this day, even as some other populations (including Germanic or Arabic rulers) invaded these regions. So many people did speak a variant of Latin, however you want to call it (see also the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozarabic_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozarabic language&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The language(s) spoken at the time were still very different from modern languages but also already quite different from classical Latin. Customarily, what's called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/a&gt; is a state of the language that appeared several centuries later so, if anything, the language spoken in the 8th Century could still be called “Latin” but do realize it's all a gradual process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5577" LastEditorUserId="5577" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T04:08:21.143" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T04:08:21.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-09T13:24:03.600" Score="2" ViewCount="2044" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;Eso dice mucho de él&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;Eso dice muy poco de él&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, son diferentes en forma, pero ¿se utilizan para el mismo significado? ¿Son expresiones sinónimas o tienen matices distintos? Si los tienen, ¿cuales son estos matices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5581" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T23:19:16.947" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T23:19:16.947" Title="&quot;Decir mucho o muy poco de algo&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8550" CreationDate="2014-09-09T13:36:33.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No son sinonimas. Puede parecer que ambas expresan decepcion, desencanto o mala opinion  acerca de alguien, pero mientras que esto es casi siempre asi con la segunda forma, no siempre lo es con la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo Juan fue el unico que se quedo conmigo a limpiar despues de la fiesta. Eso dice mucho de él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eso dice mucho de él&quot; puede usarse tambien como &quot;Eso dice mucho a su favor&quot; y no solo como &quot;Eso nos da un moton de informacion acerca de lo ruin y miserable que es esa persona&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva: &quot;Eso dice mucho de él&quot; dice mucho, bueno o malo, sobre alguien. &quot;Eso dice muy poco de él&quot;, dice muy poco que sea bueno, luego casi todo es malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien se puede usar &quot;Dice bastante de ...&quot; para querer decir que un hecho dice los suficiente de algo o de alguien como para hacerte una idea (de su caracter, de si es bueno o malo, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-09T14:19:50.643" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T14:19:50.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8540" CreationDate="2014-09-09T21:42:17.900" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a working answer — there will be updates to it (I'll remove this when I think it's done).  Throughout this, I use the standard asterisk in front of a statement that is not grammatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1. What is a determiner?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;determiner&lt;/em&gt; is a word that goes with a noun let's us know which, if any, (out of all of those nouns in the whole of existance), we're referring to.  Traditional grammar doesn't consider it a part of speech unto itself but consisting of articles and certain specialized adjectives.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if we wish to speak of &lt;em&gt;apples&lt;/em&gt;, there are many ways to frame the reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;an&lt;/strong&gt; apple &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;one single apple, doesn't matter which&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; apples &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;more than one apple, doesn't matter which ones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; apple &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;one single apple in particular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; apples &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;more than one apple in particular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; apples &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;every single apple&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also what are known as determiner clauses, that can delimit and specify in similar ways to these single-word determiners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on which grammarian you ask, there either exists a special determiner called the &quot;zero-determiner&quot; or we simply say that nouns can exist sans determiner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ø apples &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;some amount from two to the entirety of apples in an imparticular, indefinite manner&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is this particular form that interests us here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2. The Zero Determiner (&lt;em&gt;sustantivos escuetos&lt;/em&gt; en español)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, pretty much any noun can be made &lt;em&gt;escueto&lt;/em&gt; to ascribe it generic qualities.  In fact, this generic sense is particular important when adjectifying nouns using &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;libro de papel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;libro de &lt;em&gt;[ un | el | mucho | poco ]&lt;/em&gt; papel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Papel&lt;/em&gt;, as a &lt;em&gt;sustantivo escueto&lt;/em&gt;, comes to represent a generic material from which the book is made.  Attach a determiner to it, and all of sudden, we're not talking generic paper (even if we say &lt;em&gt;un papel&lt;/em&gt;, we have defined it to be some particular type of paper, even if unspecified).  Even a quantifier like &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; is enough to through us out of something truly generic and start describing the book beyond its mere material.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used as the object of a verb, a &lt;em&gt;sustantivo escueto&lt;/em&gt; can convert the verb from a specific action to express the generic &lt;em&gt;concept&lt;/em&gt; of said action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jugaba con mis amigos &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;specific and defined friends of mine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jugaba con unos amigos &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;specific, yet undefined, friends of mine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jugaba con amigos &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;neither defined, nor specific, could be any number of any friends&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases, it may simply be we don't care about the specificity or definitiveness of the object.  If I say in English, &quot;I went out with friends last night&quot;, who those friends were is completely unimportant, but the idea that I went out with people with whom I have a platonic relationship &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt;.  That is what I mean here by the &lt;em&gt;concept&lt;/em&gt; of an action.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;3. Restrictions on forming &lt;em&gt;sustantivos escuetos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, an uncountable noun can be used sans determiner without problem: &lt;em&gt;compré [la] arena&lt;/em&gt;.  A countable noun generally needs to be put in the plural to go bare: *&lt;em&gt;compré libro&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;compré libros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lines here can be a bit fuzzy, as there are many nouns that have both countable and uncountable forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;4. Syntactical restrictions on using &lt;em&gt;sustantivos escuetos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, there are no restrictions on using &lt;em&gt;sustantivos escuetos&lt;/em&gt; when they are direct objects of a verb or objects of a preposition.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As indirect objects there is no particular grammatical restriction, but as &lt;strong&gt;§15.12o&lt;/strong&gt; of the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; notes, it's difficult because “tienden a designar individuos específicos.  Aún así, se usan a veces en la interpretación de tipo o prototipo”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in the subject position, as a general (but not definitive) rule, they are not allowed.  Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los niños compran los libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los niños compran libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Niños compran los libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Niños compran libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically, the third one there isn't ungrammatical.  It just doesn't mean remotely the same thing: &lt;em&gt;los libros&lt;/em&gt; are now the subject, somehow managing to purchase children(!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not, however, the source of the restriction (although it certainly doesn't hurt it!).   According to the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;§ 15.12a&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La posición más resistente a los grupos nominales escuetos es la de sujeto preverbal, como revela el marcado rechazo de oraciones como *&lt;em&gt;Turistas llegaron a la ciudad&lt;/em&gt;.  Esta incompatibilidad se debe a que tal posición está generalmente ocupada por segmentos que funcionan como tema o soporte de la predicación (&lt;strong&gt;§ 40.1d&lt;/strong&gt;) por lo que requieren alguna clase de determinación o cuantificación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;5. Exceptions to the subject-case rejection&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general exception to the rule is in passive voice sentences, where the subject (the direct objects from the active sentence) may be &lt;em&gt;escueto&lt;/em&gt; if it was in the active as an object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Libros fueron comprados por [los] niños&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a verb is conjugated reflexively, it will generally allow (but by no means oblige) an &lt;em&gt;escueto&lt;/em&gt; subject in part because the subject is now also the object which as we've mentioned, doesn't require it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another sort of general exception is in contrastive situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agua es lo que necesitamos (y no comida)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Agua es necesaria para vivir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary group of verbs that can accept &lt;em&gt;sustantivos escuetos&lt;/em&gt; as subjects are called inaccusative verbs.  These include verbs like &lt;em&gt;llegar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt; (for a more exhaustive description of these, go to &lt;strong&gt;§41.4&lt;/strong&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;).  These verbs tend to describe things as happening, rather than being specific actions with a particular agent, and they can only accept them posposited: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existen reglas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nacen animales. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Animales nacen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Corren niños&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;§15.12k&lt;/strong&gt;, you can see that when there is a location expressed in the sentence, you can have a posposited determinerless subject with some intransitive verbs (specifically the “pure intransitives”): &lt;em&gt;Allí bailan alumnos&lt;/em&gt; but not *&lt;em&gt;Alumnos bailan allí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;§15.12l&lt;/strong&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; states that it's possible to have a determiner-less subject under two conditions: postposited direct object and postposited subject when the direct object has been lexicalized with the verb, or with a thematic direct object (preposited direct object obligating the coappearance of a direct object pronoun).  But if you look at them closer, you'll see that I believe they've made a mistake — at least, depending on one's definition of determiner, which does vary from grammarian to grammarian:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se dan cita importantes especialistas &lt;em&gt;que pronunciarán una serie de conferencias&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchas de esas historias las han escrito compatriotas &lt;em&gt;vuestros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each case, while there is no preposited determiner, we have created specificity either via a determiner clause or just a postposited determiner (vuestros).  Get rid of the italic parts, and these sentences sound odd to me.  This is basically what they talk about in &lt;strong&gt;§15.12b,e&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, as long as you given the specifying information in some way —before or after the verb— that provides the same function as a determiner (that is, a determiner clause), you can probably omit the determiner in front of the noun.  Hence, while normally some of these phrases can be omited without affecting the grammaticality of a sentence, in these examples, they are mandatory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personas &lt;em&gt;de las familias extranjeras&lt;/em&gt; son más abiertas.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Personas son más abiertas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Libros de mi biblioteca son baratos.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Libros son baratos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;6. Moral of the story&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When in even the slightest amount of doubt, determine the subject!  All of the above exceptions are &lt;em&gt;perfectly grammatical&lt;/em&gt; using a determiner (though that may entail a &lt;em&gt;slight&lt;/em&gt; change in meaning).  On the other hand, removing the determiner when you can't sounds positively awful, and will painfully stick out in otherwise decent Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Some modern grammars, on the other hand, &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; consider it separate.  The &lt;em&gt;Cambridge Grammar of the English Language&lt;/em&gt; lists the &lt;em&gt;determinative&lt;/em&gt; as a separate word class (part of speech) — for it, &lt;em&gt;determiner&lt;/em&gt; is a function rather than a class, but this is a moot distinction for us.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Hence in English, aphorisms are so commonly determiner-less: &lt;em&gt;Water is wet&lt;/em&gt; (we don't care which water), &lt;em&gt;Girls have cooties&lt;/em&gt; (the number of girls and/or cuties, as well as their type and/or specific relation to me is unimportant)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. That is, the direct object is seen as part of a phrasal verb&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-09T23:23:00.380" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T23:23:00.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2536" CreationDate="2014-09-10T01:43:54.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ernest Hemingway says at his book The Old Man and the Sea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...he has given the sea the name 'la mar' as it is told in Spanish by them who love her...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5583" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T10:25:27.873" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T10:25:27.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-09-10T12:10:18.217" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, the expression is not specific of Puerto Rico. It is widely used in most (if not all) Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to why it is used so frequently, once again it is not specific of this expression. It is a cultural feature. In Spanish speaking countries it is more usual to greet strangers than in other countries. If I meet someone in the elevator, I will probably say &lt;em&gt;hola&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;buenas tardes&lt;/em&gt;, even if the other person is a total stranger. Same, if I pass by another person who is eating at a restaurant, I may say &lt;em&gt;buen provecho&lt;/em&gt;. Well, I will not do that, since I don't like disturbing people who are eating or otherwise engaged in any activity; but many people will feel the need to greet the stranger and that is the appropriate formula in that situation. You just answer &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; and go on with your meal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many people in Spanish speaking countries, not greeting strangers in these situations is a sign of bad manners. Don't do it if it does not come out naturally, but don't think they are meddling with your business. They are just being polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T12:10:18.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8501" CreationDate="2014-09-10T14:25:10.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rating is a common word at least in Argentina, we know what rating means, anyway the translation for this is Puntuación, or Evaluación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5588" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T14:25:10.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8560" CreationDate="2014-09-10T20:19:07.470" Score="7" ViewCount="17295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have encountered phrases like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La buena comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El buen hombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in none of these instances is it grammatically correct to substitute &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; even though it also means good and it is also an adjective (at least as I understand it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When and how do I use &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; as opposed to &lt;em&gt;buen/bueno/buena&lt;/em&gt; to describe something good?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T10:15:41.963" Title="Bien vs buen/bueno/buena to describe something good" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8556" CreationDate="2014-09-11T04:50:16.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt; can also describe nouns like adjectives do, it's use implies the epitome of good in whatever genre of context it is in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Que bueno! vs ¡Qué bien!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of the difference between That's good and F**k yeah, or This place is so great/perfect for us!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Bien is so stupendous that it affects both parties&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can hear it being used in place of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;very&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or even &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;very well&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien hecho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy bien trabajado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Escúchenme bien para sobrevivir!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA; - &#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can even also be used to describe 'bad'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Está bien malo eso.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine seeing a scene similiar to those in the Final Destination franchise, those can be described as Very BAD, or rather....  This is horrible!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/bien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T04:50:16.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8538" CreationDate="2014-09-11T05:06:07.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example sentence can be written two ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A MI ME GUSTA LA CENA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;LA CENA ME GUSTA A MI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both sentences, &lt;code&gt;CENA&lt;/code&gt; is the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T05:06:07.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8556" CreationDate="2014-09-11T10:15:41.963" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is quite simple: &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; is an adverb, while &lt;em&gt;bueno/a&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; when it stands alone (&lt;em&gt;esto está bien&lt;/em&gt;), when it modifies verbs, specially the participle (&lt;em&gt;esto está bien escrito&lt;/em&gt;) or as an intensifier, more or less equivalent with &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lo tenemos bien difícil&lt;/em&gt;, equivalent to &lt;em&gt;lo tenemos muy difícil&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;em&gt;bueno/a&lt;/em&gt; when it modifies a noun (&lt;em&gt;era un hombre bueno&lt;/em&gt;); if it goes before the noun in masculine singular, &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; becomes &lt;em&gt;buen&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;era un buen hombre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, both words are usable, but with different meanings. Unfortunately, the meaning can change between countries. &lt;em&gt;Está bueno&lt;/em&gt; in Spain usually means &lt;em&gt;it tastes good&lt;/em&gt;, while in some American countries means &lt;em&gt;it is good&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Está bien&lt;/em&gt; in Spain means &lt;em&gt;it is well done&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;he feels good&lt;/em&gt;, but in some American countries this meaning may change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T10:15:41.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8561" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8562" CreationDate="2014-09-11T17:07:05.547" Score="5" ViewCount="692" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct plural of single letters? I encountered three variants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;veinte &lt;strong&gt;a's&lt;/strong&gt;, una b, dieciséis &lt;strong&gt;c's&lt;/strong&gt;, trece &lt;strong&gt;d's&lt;/strong&gt;, treinta &lt;strong&gt;e's&lt;/strong&gt;,  dos &lt;strong&gt;f's&lt;/strong&gt;, ... (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.northwestern.edu/~mlerma/&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;dieciséis «&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;», una «b», quince «&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;», once «&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;», dieciocho «&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;», ... (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juegosdepalabras.com/palabra2.htm&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aes&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bes&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;des&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;efes&lt;/strong&gt;, ... (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2466329&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are all of these forms correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4229" LastActivityDate="2014-09-12T13:18:07.747" Title="Plural form of letters" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8561" CreationDate="2014-09-11T17:15:59.267" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll go with #3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las vocales forman su plural añadiendo -es: a/aes, e/es (también ees), i/íes, o/oes, u/úes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A las consonantes, en cambio solo se les añade -s: be/bes, ce/ces, de/des, efe/efes, ge/ges, hache/haches, jota/jotas, ka/kas, ele/eles, eme/emes, ene/enes, eñe/eñes, pe/pes, cu/cus (de la letra “q”), erre/erres, ese/eses, te/tes, uve/uves, uve doble/uves dobles (doble u/doble ues en cierto paises), equis/equis (permanece igual), i griega/íes griegas (alternativamente ye/yes en ciertos países), zeta/zetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://castellanoactual.com/el-plural-de-las-letras/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://castellanoactual.com/el-plural-de-las-letras/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is consistent with the RAE, which is &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; offical thing.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-12T13:18:07.747" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8561" CreationDate="2014-09-11T18:42:43.617" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to number #3 (which is the standard as Diego details), also acceptable would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;seis letras &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ocho letras &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una letra &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this construction, &lt;em&gt;letra(s)&lt;/em&gt; becomes the primary noun, and &lt;em&gt;a/m/x&lt;/em&gt; become juxtaposed nouns (and functions as an adjective) which obviates the need for pluralizing them since juxtaposed nouns are normally invariable in number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T18:42:43.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8568" CreationDate="2014-09-13T22:50:12.560" Score="4" ViewCount="7312" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for idiomatic expressions (particularly from Mexico and other parts of Latin America) to say things like &quot;Sorry for telling you about this at/on such short notice.&quot; ... that is, how do people generally say &quot;on short notice&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-09-16T15:33:29.667" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T15:33:29.667" Title="Best ways to say &quot;on short notice&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-09-13T23:14:10.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about, '... tan corto plazo' ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-09-13T23:14:10.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8567" CreationDate="2014-09-13T23:42:04.503" Score="2" ViewCount="1079" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;I thought you'd want to know about this.&quot; ... The best I could come up with was &quot;Pensé que querrás saber sobre esto.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T15:30:59.977" Title="How to say &quot;I thought you'd want to know about this&quot;" Tags="&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8566" CreationDate="2014-09-14T01:46:19.520" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it isn't correct. I find better to say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensé que querrías saber de esto. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensé que querrías saber sobre esto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pensé que querrías saber acerca de esto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The deference between &lt;em&gt;de esto, sobre esto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;acerca de esto&lt;/em&gt; is rather a matter of taste, mean the same, but some may seem more common than another. In my experience, the option 1 is the most common, and the 3 the most unusual and in some way a little formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-14T03:04:37.597" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T03:04:37.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-09-14T02:24:36.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with something like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento avisarte con &lt;strong&gt;tan poca antelación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento avisarte con &lt;strong&gt;tan poco tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento avisarte de esto &lt;strong&gt;con tan poco margen&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T12:00:25.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-09-14T06:54:41.043" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;con tan poco tiempo&quot; as Diego mentioned, or &quot;con tan poca noticia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5600" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T06:54:41.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-09-14T13:36:18.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Diego's answer, some related idiomatic expressions (at least in Argentina) are &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sobre la hora&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a último momento&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T13:36:18.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-09-15T00:22:04.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the correct (and literal) translation would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpa que te avise al respecto tan apresuradamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since you want to know variations more idiomatic of this kind of expression, in some places of Mexico, as where I live, would be better to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpa que no te avisara con (más) tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;On short notice&lt;/code&gt; (American english) or &lt;code&gt;at short notice&lt;/code&gt; (British English) could be simply &lt;code&gt;con tiempo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;con más tiempo&lt;/code&gt; in Mexico. I don't remember if there is a more idiomatic expression for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T00:22:04.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8575" CreationDate="2014-09-15T20:54:20.887" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;Transform your site&quot; en Español?  Pienso es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Convertirse su sito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no se si es correcto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastEditorUserId="2986" LastEditDate="2014-09-15T21:07:08.723" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T21:28:23.940" Title="Transform your site?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8573" CreationDate="2014-09-15T21:10:44.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to add some context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you are talking about a web site. In that case, this would work in most cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Transforme su sitio web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on context, if the trasformation is towards something &quot;newer&quot;, it could be better to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Renueve su sitio web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;renovar&quot; (renew, update) is a form of transformation and is supposed to be to a better state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excuse my English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T21:10:44.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8573" CreationDate="2014-09-15T21:28:23.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, sin contexto alguno es difícil dar la mejor traducción. Así, a simple vista pareciera un anuncio publicitario relacionado con sitios de Internet (también llamados sitios web). Y en efecto tu traducción no es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Convertirse &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es reflexivo, es decir la acción de convertir recae en el hablante, y ninguna persona creo, estaría interesada en convertirse en un sitio. La traducción más adecuada de este uso del verbo &lt;code&gt;convertir&lt;/code&gt; me parece que seria &lt;code&gt;become&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo adecuado en este caso sería irnos por la opción más obvia y literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Transforma tu sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Transforme su sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres que sea más formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T21:28:23.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8576" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8577" CreationDate="2014-09-16T00:00:10.803" Score="10" ViewCount="6403" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Spain the only country that uses &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;you all&lt;/em&gt; (informal) instead of &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;? (In the second-person perspective). Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain: &lt;em&gt;Vosotros sois inteligentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other (?): &lt;em&gt;Ustedes sois inteligentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All: &lt;em&gt;Ustedes son inteligentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct me if me (or my examples, most likely) are incorrect, but I want to know if what I learned is right :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5610" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T08:34:13.190" Title="Is Spain the only country that uses &quot;vosotros&quot; for &quot;you all&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;guinea-ecuatorial&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8576" CreationDate="2014-09-16T00:25:12.577" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is used in the majority of Spain, Equitorial Guinea, and Western Sahara and for &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; would take the conjugation you note.  The latter two have substantially smaller populations than Spain or any other Spanish-speaking country so they are often ignored in discussions on linguistic issues in Spanish (not to mention that in many if not most cases their Spanish-speakers are non-native).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some parts of Andalucía, you will hear &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; with a &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; conjugation, but that is not considered part of Standard Spanish and is best to be avoided by people not from that region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can still hear &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; used in parts of Latin America, but never as quotidian speech — it will always be in some sort of a heightened register (religious, poetic, ceremonial), and even then such uses of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; are rarer and rarer every day.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-16T01:13:16.890" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T01:13:16.890" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8566" CreationDate="2014-09-16T08:00:12.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that the speaker is about to tell the listener that thing he thinks he wants to know. In this case, the correct verb tense is the past perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if he is about to say a specific thing and not a series of things related to a single topic, we would omit the equivalent of &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt;. All together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He pensado que te gustaría saber esto. / He pensado que querrías saber&#xA;esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the speaker has just said the thing, this would be better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He pensado que te gustaría saberlo. / He pensado que querrías saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; is more appropriate if the news is unpleasant for the listener. Putting in context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paco ha conseguido el trabajo que gustaba. He pensado que te gustaría&#xA;saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He pensado que querrías saber esto: Pepe tuvo un accidente y está en&#xA;el hospital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T08:00:12.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8581" CreationDate="2014-09-16T11:19:03.683" Score="4" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen this on a website selling land:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;120 HECTAREAS DE &lt;strong&gt;LAVOR&lt;/strong&gt; 60 DE PASTOS Y RESTO DEHEZA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(It is possible this may be Andaluz - a word used locally in Andalusia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1736" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-05T10:19:14.693" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T18:05:31.550" Title="What does &quot;lavor&quot; mean when talking about land?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8580" CreationDate="2014-09-16T11:27:47.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without a doubt it is a misspelling of &lt;em&gt;labor&lt;/em&gt;.  Within this context, &lt;em&gt;labor&lt;/em&gt; is related to this definition from the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;labor&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Labranza, en especial la de las tierras que se siembran. &lt;em&gt;Apl.&lt;/em&gt; a las demás operaciones agrícolas, &lt;em&gt;u. m. en pl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, it's farmland/land for agriculture that's already been divided into &lt;em&gt;pasto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dehesa&lt;/em&gt; (note the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; is the correct spelling).  Of course, my understanding is that &lt;em&gt;pasto&lt;/em&gt; is a type of &lt;em&gt;dehesa&lt;/em&gt; so I'm not totally sure the distinction he's making but I'm not an agriculture guy either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-16T11:53:36.017" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T11:53:36.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8585" CreationDate="2014-09-16T22:51:58.950" Score="5" ViewCount="2122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Knowing that verbs imply the subject (unlike English), when is it necessary to be redundant and use the subject? I gathered that it is only used at the beginning of a conversation, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy alto (inteligente, moreno, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy alto (inteligente, moreno, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also applies to &amp;quot;tú eres&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;el(la) es&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;nosotros somos&amp;quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5610" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T01:57:27.813" Title="If soy and eres mean &quot;I am&quot; and &quot;you are&quot;, when should you use &quot;yo soy&quot; and &quot;tú eres&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-09-18T01:58:53.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2014-09-16T23:52:39.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good reference grammar will give you all the rules. I like &quot;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish: Fifth Edition&quot; (Butt and Benjamin, 2011). The way B&amp;amp;B define the conjugations, there are only 23 irregular verbs. For example, it will tell you that the imperfect subjunctive can be derived from the third-person-singular preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another source you might check out is &quot;Schaum's Outline of Spanish Grammar: Sixth Edition&quot; (Schmidt, 2014). I don't have it handy, but they usually try hard to make things simpler for students by pointing out useful patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5614" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T23:52:39.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8582" CreationDate="2014-09-17T07:35:23.457" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, we specify the subject for emphasis. Using your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy alto (inteligente, moreno, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, I am specifying one of my characteristics, which are the important part of the sentence. I don't need to specify the subject, since it is inferred from the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy alto (inteligente, moreno, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subtly different: once again, I am specifying a characteristic of mine, but I have put some emphasis on the subject, by mentioning it when it is unnecessary. By putting more importance on the subject, I am making it stand out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if we are about to meet for the first time and you ask me how will you recognise me among a group, I may answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy alto, moreno y llevo gafas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, I am implying that I will be the only one in that group that meets the description (if you see someone with these characteristics, that's me). If, on the other hand, I answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy alto, moreno y llevo gafas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am describing myself, hoping that this will help you, but I am not implying anything about other people in the group (maybe because I don't know who else will be there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this is a subtle difference. In case of doubt, you are generally better off by not mentioning the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T07:35:23.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2014-09-17T19:56:22.910" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though it is true that the structure of &lt;strong&gt;se habla&lt;/strong&gt; using &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; before the third person singular of the verb is seen in reflexive constructions, this is not the case in the example that is being discussed here. You wouldn't say &lt;strong&gt;El se habla castellano&lt;/strong&gt;.  You would say &lt;strong&gt;El habla castellano&lt;/strong&gt;. He speaks Spanish. The pronoun or particle &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; has many uses, one of which is with reflexive verbs. In the case where we see &lt;strong&gt;se habla castellano&lt;/strong&gt; This is not considered a reflexive structure but rather the passive voice. The best translation in English is &lt;strong&gt;Spanish is Spoken here&lt;/strong&gt;.  This use of &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; before the third person singular of the verb is very common in Spanish as is the passive voice in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some different uses of this structure are:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se levanta a las ocho. = He gets up at eight. (reflexive verb levantarse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ayudan.  = They help each other. (to express an action done to -each other-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entrega el correo cada día. = The mail is delivered daily. (passive voice)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se habla en el cine. =  One doesn't speak in the theater. (impersonal se)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se lo comió todo! = He ate it all up! (&quot;se&quot; used for emphasis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se dice? = How do you say? or How does one say? (passive voice or impersonal se)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5620" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T17:43:17.773" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T17:43:17.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2014-09-18T02:15:56.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo como nota, puede acortarse: &quot;¡A lo que te truje!&quot; y efectivamente, quiere decir que uno se limite a hacer lo que fue a hacer a un lugar determinado. Normalmente, a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5622" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T02:15:56.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2014-09-18T02:26:19.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;EN MÉXICO:&#xA;Más puesta/o que un calcetín: Estoy dispuesto/a, nada más falta que me digas, cuando quieras.&#xA;Y PARA NADA, no tiene ningún doble sentido o connotación sexual. No todo es albur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5622" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T02:26:19.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2014-09-18T02:49:11.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿¡a poco!?=¡no  me digas!, si no lo dices no me doy cuenta, irónico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿a poco?=¿en serio?, ¡no te creo!, ¿de veras / verdad?, ¿no me mientes?, incredulidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿a poco sí?=¿en serio sí? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿a poco no?=¿en serio no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=320712&amp;amp;langid=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=320712&amp;amp;langid=24&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿a poco sí / no...?=¿en serio sí / no...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5622" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T02:49:11.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-18T03:06:16.173" Score="0" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/gallery/steppedareachart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/gallery/steppedareachart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, Gráfico de área escalonada no suena muy bien...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you suggest for a translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="831" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T11:36:40.310" Title="Stepped Area Chart translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2826" CreationDate="2014-09-18T03:49:44.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay que ver la relación con &quot;puesta&quot;. Yo he oído y dicho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy puestísimo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no estoy seguro pero podría ser una contracción de dispuesto, no estoy seguro de si sea ese el origen pero el significado es el mismo. Si alguien esta &quot;puesto&quot; quiere decir que &lt;strong&gt;esta dispuesto a ayudarte&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces con &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy más puesta que un calcetín&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella hace referencia al hecho de que un calcetín está fijo y no se mueve, quiere decir que está bastante dispuesta a ayudarte con mucho gusto, si ella le agregó todo eso quiere decir que &lt;strong&gt;realmente tiene muchas ganas de ayudarte&lt;/strong&gt;, es de alguna manera un intensificador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como un juego buscando ideas que queden aunque algunas veces no combinan, y si quieres dar a entender la idea contraria sólo haces la comparación con algo que no es tan firme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T03:49:44.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2014-09-18T04:06:42.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase va dirigida a una actividad previamente planeada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te invito a un restaurante y ya nos sirvieron te voy a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que te truje Chencha!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que pusieron era que estaba estudiando, ¿qué es lo que se supone que debería estar haciendo? Estudiando, entonces, &lt;strong&gt;no significa: &amp;quot;pon atención&amp;quot;; significa: &amp;quot;haz lo que debes estar haciendo&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo, vamos a una fiesta y ya empezó la música y como no nos paramos a bailar yo te digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que te truje Chencha!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué fuimos a la fiesta? ¿a bailar no? Entonces bailemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase la tiene que decir la persona que planeó la actividad y se dice justo antes de comenzar como diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues vamos, empecemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos a lo que vamos y si no lo sabemos, el que planeó todo sigue estando en posición de decir esa frase, ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-A lo que te truje Chencha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Cómo venimos aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Sí, venimos a echar brinco [una forma coloquial de decir bailar]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es un modo de hablar rústico. &amp;quot;Truje&amp;quot; es un arcaísmo de &amp;quot;traje&amp;quot; conjugación de &amp;quot;traer&amp;quot; y Chencha es diminutivo de Crecencia o Inocencia, del mismo modo en que Pancho es diminutivo de Francisco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase escrita &amp;quot;correctamente&amp;quot; [Está entrecomillado porque a pesar de ser un modo de hablar considerado inculto, es una frase compuesta que &lt;strong&gt;todos&lt;/strong&gt; la usan igual] sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que te traje Crecencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-28T17:42:19.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1331" CreationDate="2014-09-18T09:27:31.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cheesy has another meaning in English appart from &quot;cursi&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inferior or cheap: &quot;de mal gusto&quot; / &quot;cutre&quot; (slang)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Of a smile: &quot;insincero&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, I've only seen it used as &quot;cutre&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definition/cheesy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/definition/cheesy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T09:27:31.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8592" CreationDate="2014-09-18T09:46:14.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google translates &quot;Area Chart&quot; as &quot;Gráfico de Áreas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just check &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/docs/answer/190721?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Soporte de Google &gt; Gráficos de áreas&lt;/a&gt; (spanish version) and &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/docs/answer/190721?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Support &gt; Area chart&lt;/a&gt; (english version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this reason I think the best option for &quot;Stepped Area Chart&quot; is &quot;Gráfico de Áreas Escalonadas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5586" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T09:46:14.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8592" CreationDate="2014-09-18T11:36:40.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gráfico/a de áreas escalonadas&quot; parece una buena traducción, pero es un término que no había aparecido nunca en Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que muestra el enlace de Sebas es ciertamente un gráfico de áreas (y no de líneas, puntos o barras), pero más concretamente es un gráfico escalonado (stepped chart) de áreas apiladas (stacked area).&#xA;En otros gráficos escalonados de áreas estas no son apiladas (las áreas se solapan). Si con &quot;stepped area chart&quot; nos estamos refiriéndonos tanto a gráficas apiladas (stacked) como a las no apiladas, entonces &quot;gráfico/a escalonado/a de áreas&quot; o &quot;gráfico/a de áreas escalonadas&quot; serían buenas traducciones, pero de lo contrario creo que habría que &quot;gráfica/o escalonada/o de áreas apiladas&quot; sería un nombre menos ambiguo. Aunque tampoco estos términos entrecomillados aparecen en Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T11:36:40.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="377" CreationDate="2014-09-18T17:29:37.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are forgetting &quot;Te me antojas&quot; which is a Mexican expression. When said like this, it is used with people you are craving/desiring; not objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5624" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T17:29:37.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1331" CreationDate="2014-09-18T20:49:55.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Hortera» is also a good match&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T20:49:55.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8602" CreationDate="2014-09-18T21:19:18.063" Score="3" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo se dice &quot;leader&quot; en el contexto de una empresa en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por Ejemplo, en ingles dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Apple is a leader in the smartphone market&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en español creo &lt;em&gt;líder&lt;/em&gt; solo es para persones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T23:52:50.623" Title="&quot;Leader&quot; en el contexto de una empresa" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8601" CreationDate="2014-09-18T22:21:39.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ningún problema , tienes otras dos definiciones en la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parte de la tercera definición: &lt;em&gt;indica que lo designado va en cabeza entre los de su clase&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apple es líder del mercado tecnológico&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esta postura filosófica lideró el pensamiento europeo durante medio siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segunda definición: &lt;em&gt;Persona o equipo que va a la cabeza de una competición deportiva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro equipo lidera en solitario el campeonato de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El futbolista lidera la lista de goleadores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la primera que es la que mencionas: &lt;em&gt;Persona a la que un grupo sigue, reconociéndola como jefe u orientadora.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él lidera a los ciclistas del pelotón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El capitán lideró el ejercito contra los invasores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él es el líder de la pandilla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-09-18T23:52:50.623" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T23:52:50.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8576" CreationDate="2014-09-19T00:18:02.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ustedes sois inteligentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is simply wrong; it pairs third-person &quot;Ustedes&quot; with second-person &quot;sois&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-09-19T00:18:02.293" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8606" CreationDate="2014-09-19T02:34:24.933" Score="4" ViewCount="16020" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente escuché estas dos palabras del español de Colombia y quisiera saber qué significan. Agradecería si también me pueden decir el origen de estas palabras, que no parecen provenir del español directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T08:10:18.563" LastActivityDate="2020-06-26T18:36:31.017" Title="¿Qué significan &quot;achichuca&quot; y &quot;achichay&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8604" CreationDate="2014-09-19T09:12:13.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando por internet en inglés, he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://raisingcolombiankids.blogspot.com.es/2009/02/language-of-pasto-achichuca-achichai.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; en inglés sobre el idioma de los jóvenes colombianos de Pasto, de la cual traduzco el párrafo relevante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos palabras que resultarán familiares y únicas de esta área [Pasto]: Achichuca y Achichai. Son interjecciones que como nos enseñó la &amp;quot;School House Rock&amp;quot; [?] expresan nerviosismo y emoción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ACHICHUCA se usa cuando te quemas o cuando algo está muy caliente. Por ejemplo: &amp;quot;ACHICHUCA, me quemé el dedo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ACHICHAI se usa cuando algo está muy frío. Por ejemplo, es una mañana gélida en Pasto, y podrías oír a alguien decir: &amp;quot;¡ACHICHAI!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale la pena comentar que &amp;quot;achichai&amp;quot; sí está en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/achachay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, pero con un significado algo diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;interjección para denotar aplauso o aprobación&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí viene la acepción de frío, pero para Ecuador, no Colombia. Y para complicarlo más, en Perú, siempre según la RAE, indica &lt;strong&gt;miedo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Achichuca&amp;quot; no viene en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto al origen, la RAE menciona que &amp;quot;achichai&amp;quot; proviene del quechua. Supongo que la otra también es de ese mismo origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T20:29:14.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2014-09-20T03:31:06.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whether a Spanish word is feminine or masculine often is a function of etymology. If a word came from Latin, and it was masculine in Latin, it became masculine in Spanish. If a source word was feminine in Latin, it became feminine in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is at least one exception, as I discuss below, for which I cannot find a ready explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La clase, la torre and la gente come from the feminine Latin words, classis, turris and gens. DRAE access 19 Sept 2014; Latdict access 19 Sept 2014. Hombre and pie come from the masculine Latin words homo and pie. DRAE; Latdict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equipaje comes from the Spanish verb equipar, which in turn is from the French verb équipar. DRAE. In French, the noun équipage is masculine. Collins English-French Dictionary access 19 Sept. 2014. Interestingly, equipage also is an archaic English word that entered the language in 1570. Online Etymology Dictionary access 19 Sept. 2014. A likely reason for equipaje to be masculine is that the -aje words entered Spanish from French in the 16th Century or earlier, and the source words were masculine in French at that time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, coraje comes from the Old French word corages. DRAE. It is difficult to find quickly a source that provides the gender of corages, but the modern French courage, as well as the modern words coratge (Catalan) and coraggio (Italian), are masculine. Collins Dictionaries access 19 Sept. 2014. It thus appears likely that these Romance words developed from Vulgar Latin languages in which classical Latin neuter nouns became masculine. &quot;Vulgar Latin,&quot; Reference.com access 19 Sept. 2014. In classical Latin, the related words cor and cordis were neuter gender. Latdict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sangre does not fit the pattern. It comes from the masculine Latin word sanguis. DRAE. In modern Catalan, French and Italian the words for blood are masculine. There is an online source that provides theories about why sangre became feminine in Spanish, but I have found that the source is unreliable. This is a good issue to research if you are interested in Etymology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5631" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T03:31:06.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8612" CreationDate="2014-09-20T16:04:34.947" Score="2" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say&#xA;'If he chats with me again, I will be more restrained.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si él charle conmigo de nuevo, seré distante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si él charle conmigo de nuevo, seria distante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si él charle conmigo de nuevo, fuere distante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si él charlare conmigo de nuevo, fuere distante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the combination here?&#xA;subjunctive + indicative or&#xA;subjunctive + conditional&#xA;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5632" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T17:50:57.427" Title="Future subjunctive vs future indicative vs conditional" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8633" CreationDate="2014-09-20T16:22:33.647" Score="1" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no puede usar &quot;es&quot; en vez de &quot;estar&quot; en esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta bolsa &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; rota. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user5482" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:37:32.840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T07:00:23.767" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;esta bolsa 'está' rota&quot; y no 'es'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-20T16:30:45.673" Score="1" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su obra y su personalidad le situaron pronto a la cabeza del grupo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you use the imperfect tense for the verb situar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T23:13:37.560" Title="Preterite vs Imperfect" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8608" CreationDate="2014-09-20T18:12:33.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use present indicative + future indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si charla conmigo de nuevo, seré distante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T18:12:33.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8608" CreationDate="2014-09-20T18:49:58.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use future subjunctive here (recall it's not used in anything but the most formal of documents), then the pattern is &lt;em&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;fut. subj.&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fut. ind.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. In your example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si él charlare conmigo de nuevo, seré distante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That usage is pretty much entirely extinct in Spanish, though it is preserved in Portuguese: &lt;em&gt;Se ele &lt;strong&gt;conversar&lt;/strong&gt; comigo de novo, &lt;strong&gt;serei&lt;/strong&gt; distante&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Future subjunctive, in the rare case that it's used in Modern Spanish, tends to be limited to relative clauses where it can be contrasted with present subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seré distante hacia el &lt;em&gt;que me &lt;strong&gt;intentare&lt;/strong&gt; conversar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(… to whomever tries to converse with me; it's possible that &lt;em&gt;no one&lt;/em&gt; will try)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seré distante hacia el &lt;em&gt;que me &lt;strong&gt;intente&lt;/strong&gt; conversar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(… to whomever tries to converse with me; &lt;em&gt;someone&lt;/em&gt; will try, I just don't know who)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-24T17:50:57.427" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T17:50:57.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8614" CreationDate="2014-09-20T20:02:56.930" Score="2" ViewCount="812" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned in my Spanish studies that there are rules that most Spanish words follow in terms of accentuation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, words fall into the categories of agudas, graves, and esdrújulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, aren't there exceptions to these rules? Additionally, how can you tell which type of word is which?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:20:27.497" Title="Learning how to place accent marks" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8613" CreationDate="2014-09-20T20:53:16.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few reasons why words get accents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The word does not follow natural stress.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The problem you'll find with this rule is that you either need to know a word's pronunciation to know how to accent it, or how the word's written to pronounce it. It's a bit of a catch 22.  But basically, when a word has irregular stress, it's accented.  The &lt;em&gt;regular&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;natural&lt;/em&gt; stress for words without written accents is the following:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words that end in a vowel, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; are stressed on the next-to-the-last (penultimate) syllable and are termed &lt;em&gt;graves&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;llanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All others are stressed on the last (ultimate) syllable and are termed &lt;em&gt;agudas&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Using that knowledge, you can work backwards if you know how a word is said. If it's stressed on the next-to-thenext-to-the-last (antepenultimate) or the previous (preantepenultimate?) then it always gets an accent because natural stress is never on those. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interrogative words&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;All interrogative (question) words are accented.  This is a limited list: &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuándo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuánto/a(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cúyo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt;.  When used as a relative pronoun, however, these words are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; accented: &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Dónde&lt;/strong&gt; está el perro?  El perro estará por &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; esté su dueño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disambiguation of words distinguished by prosodic stress&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;While you might think that &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;té&lt;/em&gt; are pronounced identically, the truth is they aren't: &lt;em&gt;té&lt;/em&gt; always receives a prosodic stress, whereas &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; will always join up with another word.  That is, whenever you say &lt;em&gt;el té&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;té&lt;/em&gt; will be given its own stress within the context of your sentence.  &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; will not.  &lt;em&gt;te lo dije&lt;/em&gt; might as well be written &lt;em&gt;telodije&lt;/em&gt; for how it's pronounced.  These words include &lt;em&gt;se/sé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de/dé&lt;/em&gt;, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prevention of hiatus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The Spanish system of diphthong and hiatus is very simple.  There are two types of vowels: strong (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;) and weak (&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;).  Whenever there are two strong vowels next to each other, each is pronounced in its own syllable (this is called hiatus).  When a strong and a weak combine, the weak vowel is instead realized as a semivocal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.  Sometimes, however, the weak vowel needs to be “upgraded” to a full vowel in its own syllable.  In this case, an accent is often needed to demonstrate its full vowel.  Hence both &lt;em&gt;secretaria&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;secretaría&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;em&gt;palabras llanas&lt;/em&gt;, but in one, the &lt;em&gt;ia&lt;/em&gt; form a single syllable, so the penultimate is the &lt;em&gt;ta&lt;/em&gt; syllable.  In the second, the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is separated from the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and this is represented with the accent which nicely also has the stress.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There is a slight limitation within the Spanish orthographic system in that, unless the upgraded weak vowel gets the stress, it's impossible to mark whether two vowels diphthongize or not.  Hence, even though &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; looks to be two syllables, the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is really a hidden “upgraded” vowel that exists on its own syllable.  But when you conjugate, it becomes possible to mark the hidden hiatus: &lt;em&gt;envío&lt;/em&gt; because the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; now gets the stress and can receive the written accent.  In other conjugations like &lt;em&gt;enviaba&lt;/em&gt;, the first &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; gets the full stress, so you just have to know that the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is separate.  In poetry, you can force the two-syllable pronunciation by adding a dieresis on the weak vowel: &lt;em&gt;agüa&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;á-gu-a&lt;/em&gt;, but this rare and mostly done on words that normally diphthongize.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Thankfully, if you know a word is pronounced with, for example, an &lt;em&gt;i-a&lt;/em&gt; ending, you can know the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; takes the accent.  With verbs, that's going to require a detailed enough answer to deserve its own question.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disambiguation of demonstratives and&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;strong&gt;(deprecated)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This rule is no longer in play after the 2010 Orthography.  But prior to that, a demonstrative noun would be distinguished from an adjective by placing a written accent on it.  Likewise, &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;, when meaning alone, went without an accent, while &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;solamente&lt;/em&gt; was given one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disambiguation of preterite&lt;/em&gt; ir/ser &lt;strong&gt;(deprecated)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It used to be that the preterite forms of these two were distinguished.  I can't even remeber off the top of my head which one got the accents.  Also, monosyllabic verbs forms used to get accents even though there was no difference in pronunciation.  That's thankfully stopped.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marking of the single-letter words&lt;/em&gt; a, o, &lt;em&gt;and abbreviation of&lt;/em&gt; allí &lt;strong&gt;(deprecated)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the olden days, for some crazy reason, the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and the coordinator &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; were both written &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; with an accent.  Then &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; only got it between numbers: &lt;em&gt;100 ó 200&lt;/em&gt;.  Now neither get an accent in circumstance.  Going further back, &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt; was an abbreviation for &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;, but now after years of disuse, &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt; is seen again in a handful of names like Comýn, Ýñigo, or Monteserýn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Knowing this you can work backwards.  If a word is said with the stress on the next-to-the-next-to-the-last (antepenultimate) syllable, that is, &lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt;, or the next-to-the-next-to-the-next-to-the-last (preantepenultimate) syllable, that is, &lt;em&gt;sobresdrújula&lt;/em&gt;, it necessarily must carry an accent, as natural stress never lands on the (pre)antepenultimate syllables.  If a word is &lt;em&gt;grave/llana&lt;/em&gt; (next-to-the-last or pentultimate syllable stressed), it will need an accent if it ends in anything other than a vowel, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.  If a word is &lt;em&gt;aguda&lt;/em&gt; (last or ultimate syllable stressed), then it will need an accent if it ends in a vowel, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2.  Some might prefer semiconsonant, depending on whether the weak vowel comes before or after.  It's mainly convention as the difference between the two is basically none.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T01:20:27.497" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:20:27.497" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8610" CreationDate="2014-09-20T23:13:37.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't like the &quot;trigger&quot; word schemes for making grammar choices. In this case, think of the promotion. It happened once. It's not an ongoing process, but a once-and-done action, or &quot;event&quot;. That makes preterite a perfect fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T23:13:37.560" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8621" CreationDate="2014-09-20T23:41:56.110" Score="3" ViewCount="612" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía a su lado el balón y le pegó una patada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; used instead of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence? Doesn't &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; refer to inanimate objects and &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is used for animate objects? I think &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; refers to the ball. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:51:18.350" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T22:05:36.300" Title="Indirect Object and neuter &quot;lo&quot; usage with inanimate objects" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8624" CreationDate="2014-09-20T23:52:46.200" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba allí Luisa y la observé sin que mi viera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Luisa is the indirect object. Why is she actually the direct object? I'm asking why she's the direct object because &quot;la&quot; signifies direct object, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:59:41.043" Title="Is &quot;Luisa&quot; in this sentence the indirect object or direct object?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8618" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8686" CreationDate="2014-09-21T00:33:55.377" Score="1" ViewCount="935" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su salud era delicada porque su corazón no latía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why use ser instead of estar? Isn't health a not so permanent state? Isn't health described with estar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorDisplayName="user5482" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T19:52:59.520" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T18:45:10.153" Title="Imperfect vs Preterite Usage of &quot;ser&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8619" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8622" CreationDate="2014-09-21T00:39:10.760" Score="2" ViewCount="1241" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando salimos de la estación, no había ningún taxi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why use the imperfect instead of preterite? can't the times there wasn't a taxi be counted? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:48:02.523" Title="Preterite vs imperfect with haber" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8609" CreationDate="2014-09-21T01:18:31.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Está&amp;quot; habla de un estado físico, &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; es más para cualidades de los objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La bolsa está fea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La bolsa es amarilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:18:31.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8616" CreationDate="2014-09-21T01:39:37.923" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Standard Spanish, there is generally no distinction made in animacy for the object pronouns&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; are used for direct objects, being &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; for masculine&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; for feminine.  &lt;em&gt;Le&lt;/em&gt; is used for indirect objects&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and represents the recipient of an action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is a bit tricky, because the verb doesn't correlate in transivity to English.  Let's try rewriting it with some different words but the same structure to make it clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía a su lado su novia y le dio un anillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was given (direct object)?  &lt;em&gt;un anillo&lt;/em&gt;. Whom was the ring given to?  The fiancée.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, in your sentence, what was given?&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;em&gt;una patada&lt;/em&gt;. Whom was the kick given to?  The ball.  The ball is thus an indirect object, and the only option in Standard Spanish for a singular, third-person, indirect object pronoun is &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  The reality on the ground is that virtually every region within every country has its own tendencies on how to use &lt;em&gt;lo, la, le, los, las, les&lt;/em&gt;.  Some of these &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; include animacy, others formality, and probably other things too.  Look up &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;loísmo&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; for more information.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2.  Can also be neuter or attributive in some circumstances.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3.  &lt;em&gt;Le&lt;/em&gt; is, however, accepted in Standard Spanish for masculine animate singular direct objects.  Plural use is not accepted, though quite common.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4.  Contextually, &lt;em&gt;pegar una patada&lt;/em&gt; effectively means &lt;em&gt;to give a kick&lt;/em&gt; here.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-20T22:05:36.300" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T22:05:36.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2014-09-21T01:48:02.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to explain this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Simple explanation: descriptions virtually always go in imperfect and stating that there are no taxis is describing what was going on.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;More in depth:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When one thing happens (leaving the station) while another thing is going on, there are only two valid tense groupings possible, you use imperfect for what &lt;em&gt;was going on&lt;/em&gt; (and indicator of imperfectiveness) and you use preterite for what &lt;em&gt;interrupted&lt;/em&gt; (only needs to happen once to interrupt).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;While it might not seem like &lt;em&gt;no había ningún taxi&lt;/em&gt; is an action per se, in this case it basically functions as such.  Descriptions are ongoing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So there are no taxis.  It's on-going, as there's a period of time during which there aren't taxis.  And during that period of time, y'all get out of the station.  Your arrival interrupts the (that is, occurs in the midst of) the lack of taxis.  So your arrival is preterite, the lack of taxis is imperfect.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:48:02.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8626" CreationDate="2014-09-21T01:54:00.067" Score="2" ViewCount="527" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entonces, decidimos llamar por teléfono a un amigo que, afortunadamente, estaba en casa, por lo que &lt;strong&gt;pudo&lt;/strong&gt; venir a recogernos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why use the preterite instead of imperfect? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't the ability to do something uncountable in terms of how much time you are capable of doing something? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorDisplayName="user5482" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T02:49:43.937" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T12:29:21.727" Title="Preterite vs Imperfect with Poder" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8617" CreationDate="2014-09-21T01:59:41.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Luisa is both subject (of your first clause) and, as you deduce, direct object (in the second clause).  To roughly gauge what the direct and indirect objects are, you can formulate a question with the subject and the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. ¿Qué observé yo? &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;direct object&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; . &lt;em&gt;o bien&lt;/em&gt; ¿Quién observé yo? &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;direct object&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; . ¿Para quién observé yo? &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;indirect object&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; . &lt;em&gt;o bien&lt;/em&gt; ¿Para qué (cosa) observé yo? &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;indirect object&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you can ask &quot;What or whom did I observe?&quot; or &quot;For what (thing) or for whom did I observe?&quot; (in other words, who benefited from my observations?).  &quot;she&quot; (or &quot;her) is the answer to the first question, so it's a direct object that we're dealing with, rather than an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T01:59:41.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8627" CreationDate="2014-09-21T02:35:19.963" Score="2" ViewCount="2266" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;desacomplejado&quot; en este contexto en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y emerge otro Canadá. Un país que mira menos a Europa y más a Asia. Un país donde la explosión del petróleo ha alterado los equilibrios económicos y el poder se ha desplazado a las provincias del Oeste, más cercanas culturalmente a Estados Unidos. Más &lt;strong&gt;desacomplejado&lt;/strong&gt; y menos atado al multilateralismo, seña de identidad de la política exterior canadiense en el siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pueden encontrar el texto completo en el siguiente enlace: &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/internacional/2014/09/20/actualidad/1411236740_706033.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elpais.com/internacional/2014/09/20/actualidad/1411236740_706033.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de haber leído los diccionarios, no he encontrado nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5636" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:45:06.010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:27:31.143" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;desacomplejado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8623" CreationDate="2014-09-21T02:44:35.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poder&lt;/em&gt; in the imperfect merely expresses the ability to do something.  It doesn't express whether it actually happened or not.  So if I say, &lt;em&gt;Ayer podía ir al cine&lt;/em&gt;, all you know is that I had the time off and the money to go to the movie.  Maybe I went, maybe I didn't — neither is implied.  In the negative, &lt;em&gt;Ayer no podía ir al cine&lt;/em&gt;, though, we know I didn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, in the preterite, &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; expresses a bit more.  If you say &lt;em&gt;Ayer pude ir al cine&lt;/em&gt;, you were able to &lt;em&gt;and you did&lt;/em&gt;.  In the negative, if you say &lt;em&gt;Ayer no pude ir al cine&lt;/em&gt;, you are indicating that you attempted to go, but failed to, and therefore &lt;em&gt;you did not&lt;/em&gt; go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T12:29:21.727" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T12:29:21.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8625" CreationDate="2014-09-21T03:37:20.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trátase en &lt;em&gt;desacomplejado&lt;/em&gt; de una palabra base con un afijo — en este caso un prefijo.  Los diccionarios no suelen incluir las palabras con afijos, ya que su significado debe ser fácil de determinar modificando el significado de la palabra base con el del afijo, a menos que su significado sea diferente del esperado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este case, tenemos la palabra base &lt;em&gt;acomplejado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acomplejado&lt;/strong&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt; Que padece complejos psíquicos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y el prefijo &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;des-&lt;/strong&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;pref.&lt;/em&gt; Denota negación o inversión del significado del simple. &lt;em&gt;Desconfiar, deshacer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, el significado sería la inversión («ya no...») del sufrimiento de tales trastornos, «Que ya no padece complejos psíquicos».  En inglés, que sepa, no hay ninguna palabra sencilla para referir a la idea, pero una traducción posible podría ser “Less complexes [insert the one you feel best, little-man syndrome, identity-crisis] and less attachment to multilateralism, signs of …”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. En el DRAE, no aparece ninguna acepción como «hecho más complejo» porque, como mencioné, es un significado transparente al que se puede llegar añadiendo el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ado&lt;/em&gt; al verbo &lt;em&gt;acomplejar&lt;/em&gt; que, en su caso, podría significar «hacer más complejo» pero no está registrado porque, otra vez, no hay problema en entenderlo por los componentes.  Las acepciones registradas no refieren a hacer complejo alguna cosa, sino de causar o inducir complejos, relacionado sí pero tampoco «esperado» (por eso está incluida como palabra aparte).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T04:07:11.100" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T04:07:11.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8646" CreationDate="2014-09-21T05:48:55.823" Score="7" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish class I have learnt that only the second person (s &amp;amp; pl) has distinct forms for the imperative, but the forms for all other persons are the same as for the subjunctive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pragmatically, that's all I need to know to express myself, but from a linguistic point of view, I'm interested to find out if the fact is that &lt;em&gt;there is no imperative&lt;/em&gt; for other persons, but that we use a subjunctive expressing a desire or demand (I know that this is the case in Latin, in which the sole exception is a future 3rd person imperative). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when I say &quot;&lt;em&gt;no hables&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, am I using an imperative (that just happens to look like a subjunctive) or a (jussive) subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2900" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T18:46:48.640" Title="imperative or subjunctive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8628" CreationDate="2014-09-21T06:41:02.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your example the tense in &lt;em&gt;no hables&lt;/em&gt; is present of subjunctive. You can easily check in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/drae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE site&lt;/a&gt; the meaning of the verb, but also pressing the button &lt;code&gt;conjugar&lt;/code&gt; all the model of the conjugation as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/hablar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in this case&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T06:41:02.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8635" CreationDate="2014-09-21T13:32:05.973" Score="2" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could someone tell me the correct translation of the following sentence structure in Spanish,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is important to do it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is necessary to do it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and can I use all three of the following &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante para hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante que lo haga(s)..(Subjunctive mode)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2237" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T16:13:55.297" Title="Translation of &quot;It is important to do it&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8638" CreationDate="2014-09-21T13:41:37.587" Score="3" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colón dijo: &quot;Aunque tenga que buscarlos en las cárceles, los encontraré.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the subjunctive for the verb tener used? Can't the indicative be used instead of the subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T02:05:22.793" Title="Use of subjunctive and presence of doubt" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8616" CreationDate="2014-09-21T15:34:35.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8621/1674&quot;&gt;answer from guifa&lt;/a&gt; is very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please notice that in several regions of Spain people uses this forms in the wrong way. It's a phenomena known as &quot;leísmo&quot; when they use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; form instead of &lt;em&gt;lo/la&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;laísmo&quot; when they use &lt;em&gt;lo/la&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it does not happen on South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:52:18.203" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:52:18.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8609" CreationDate="2014-09-21T15:39:37.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between ser/estar resides in the transitiveness of the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a man, and that is not going to change, so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un hombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sitting on my computer, but I can stand up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy sentado en mi ordenador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La bolsa está rota, pero antes estaba sana. &#xA;Es una bolsa, y siempre será una bolsa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read about transitive and intransitive states.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T07:00:23.767" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T07:00:23.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8630" CreationDate="2014-09-21T18:48:26.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first one is impersonal (It's important to do it) and the third one you are telling someone to do something (It's important that &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; do it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastEditorUserId="2828" LastEditDate="2014-09-22T16:13:55.297" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T16:13:55.297" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8631" CreationDate="2014-09-21T19:23:12.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not really a matter of 'doubt', but the dependent phrase expresses a hypothetical. You are not declaring that you are searching prisons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T19:23:12.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8631" CreationDate="2014-09-21T19:31:49.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque&lt;/em&gt; can be followed either by subjunctive &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; indicative, with a subtle difference in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque tengo que buscarlos en las cárceles, los encontraré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They are found in the jails, and although that may make things difficult, I shall find them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque tenga que buscarlos en las cárc5les, los encontraré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Whether or not I may need to search the jails, I shall find them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, if you use indicative, the clause is in fact true and integral to the non-aunque clause (and you could basically replace with &quot;a pesar de que&quot;, or &quot;in spite of&quot; in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use subjunctive, you are saying that it's less important, or perhaps even non necessarily the case.  You can replace this with &quot;Sea o no que...&quot; or in English &quot;even if&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5486" LastEditDate="2014-09-22T02:05:22.793" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T02:05:22.793" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8639" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-09-21T20:20:48.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guinea Ecuatorial es el país más grande en África que tiene el español como idioma oficial.  Esta etiqueta es apta para cualquier pregunta que se relacionare con el país — los vocablos locales, las diferencias gramaticales, u otras particularidades del idioma tal y como se lo habla en Guinea Ecuatorial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Equatorial Guinea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T15:00:47.097" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T15:00:47.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8640" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-09-21T20:20:48.227" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Guinea Ecuatorial / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Equatorial Guinea." OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T15:00:47.097" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T15:00:47.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8641" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-09-21T20:23:27.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:55:34.017" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:55:34.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8642" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-09-21T20:23:27.870" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en España // Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Spain." OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:55:34.017" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:55:34.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-22T02:43:19.243" Score="2" ViewCount="1985" Body="&lt;p&gt;So my girlfriend is Mexican and naturally speaks Spanish and so I see her get this message from a guy who she says is her best friend which reads &quot;aha te quiero :* :*&quot; I don't know Spanish very well but is this something I should be concerned about or is it cool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5643" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-24T01:25:23.230" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T01:25:23.230" Title="What does &quot;aha te quiero&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-09-28T22:17:46.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8643" CreationDate="2014-09-22T05:42:25.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The message &quot;aha te quiero&quot; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I love you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forget about the word 'aha', it's maybe some laugh misspelled similar to 'haha'. But 'te quiero' means 'I love you' in some affection way, not only in love way. You can love your friends, not only your girlfriend. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T05:42:25.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8618" CreationDate="2014-09-22T11:42:19.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this answer won't remove confusion completely but it may enclose most of it.&#xA;I'm focusing on the implications of the two tense forms with the use of &quot;ser&quot;, but I'm probably missing some important doubts about this subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito imperfecto (from www.rae.es):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiempo que indica una acción o un estado de cosas simultáneos a un instante anterior al momento en que se habla. En indicativo, amaba, temía, vivía; en subjuntivo, amara o amase, temiera o temiese, viviera o viviese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we use it, something was (in the past) happening during a (short) period, and we are probably interested on saying when was it happening or what else happened at the same time, and also why was it happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo corría por la playa... cada manaña.&#xA;Yo corría por la playa... cuando vi un náufrago en la orilla.&#xA;Yo corría por la playa... para hacer deporte.&#xA;Su salud era delicada... en aquellas fechas.&#xA;Su salud era delicada... cuando llegó el invierno.&#xA;Su salud era delicada... porque una neumonía le dejó secuelas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple (from www.rae.es):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiempo que denota una acción o un estado de cosas anteriores al momento en que se habla, sin vinculación con el presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we talk about something that happened (in the past), no enphasis on the duration of it but in that it happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo corrí por la playa... para socorrer al náufrago.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;ser&quot;, that usually refers to essence and more or less permanent or sustained during a long time, and the preterito perfecto simple, that is not reffering to things happening over time, we get a sort of mix that gets confused with the use of pretérito imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su salud fue delicada durante toda su vida.&#xA;Su salud fue delicada desde que pasó la neumonía.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases we may be talking about a deceased person (because his/her health was and it is no more) or just talking about an state (&quot;ser&quot;) in the past that is no more, as in the following two examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su salud fue delicada durante toda su vida, pero a partir del accidente todo se complicó.&#xA;Su salud fue delicada desde que pasó la neumonía, pero las secuelas ya han desaparecido.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this last two example we can say more or less the same with imperfecto (but I prefer &quot;fue&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su salud era delicada desde que nació, pero a partir del accidente todo se complicó.&#xA;Su salud era delicada desde que pasó la neumonía, pero las secuelas ya han desapareciendo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if that state we are talking about (the weakness of the health) is not going to be linked with another one in the past we should not use imperfecto, although it is not clear to me if it would be incorrect (at least it sounds weird to me). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su salud era delicada desde que pasó la neumonía y hasta que murió.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that you were going to say something else about the health, if you use &quot;fue&quot; it sound absolutly fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T11:42:19.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8628" CreationDate="2014-09-22T11:56:28.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it is supposed in the question, there is no imperative for third persons since you can not give orders to someone that you are not talking to directly (those others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in such cases you use the subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero que (ellos) hagan su trabajo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you express the wish, maybe to someone that may accomplish it for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The yell &quot;no hables!&quot; (or &quot;no habléis!&quot;) from a teacher would be interpreted as a command (it is), although it is not an imperative tense but subjunctive, equivalent to &quot;Quiero que no hables!&quot;. You can say the same with an imperative form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Calla!&#xA;Deja de hablar!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the order is aimed at others (third person):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero que se calle!&#xA;Dile que se calle!&#xA;Hazle callar!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last two examples are actually imperatives, but not directed to third person but to a second person that may accomplish/transmit the command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-09-22T12:52:02.900" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T12:52:02.900" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8618" CreationDate="2014-09-22T13:06:34.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperfect was used because the sentence does not represent a termination of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su salud fue delicada por dos días&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence, in preterite, gives a definite amount of time; two days... because of this we can use the preterite tense.  Since your example presented no aspect of time and space, the imperfect is appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tense requries a start, a time duration, and a definite end point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Comí pescado ayer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Comía pescado ayer.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the first sentence implies that I indeed ate yesterday, the tense of the sentence inherits the time from &lt;code&gt;ayer&lt;/code&gt;.  On the other hand, the second sentence is in the imperfect and does not need a time.  By using the imperfect, we have no idea how long I ate for, how many times I ate, and mainly, when I finished eating.  The sentence can also accept another clause describing what went on while you were eating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo comía pescado mientas ella cocinaba más.&#xA;Yo comí pescado por tres horas, ... y ella cocinaba más.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T18:45:10.153" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T18:45:10.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-22T14:30:12.803" Score="4" ViewCount="2657" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to figure out how to say &quot;a bottle of water&quot; and I've found that it is &lt;strong&gt;botella de agua&lt;/strong&gt;. But occasionally the dictionaries also have the word &lt;strong&gt;cantimplora&lt;/strong&gt;. So is that just a canteen or can it be used to reference the plastic bottles of water you buy at a gas station, as well? Is there a special word they use for them in Colombia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5457" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T09:52:40.003" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T09:52:40.003" Title="How can you say &quot;bottle of water&quot; in Spanish? Is &quot;botella de agua&quot; or &quot;cantimplora&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2014-09-22T14:35:30.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was studying Spanish in high school, our teacher taught us a great rule of thumb for determining word gender.  While it doesn't apply to every single word in the dictionary, it applies to a majority of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LONERS&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;DIÓNZA&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;masculine vs feminine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the word ends with a letter in those two words it takes the appropriate gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;L-O-N-E-R-S&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el sol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el oso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el falcón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el chocolate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el comedor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el paraguas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;D-IÓN-Z-A&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la verdad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la traducción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la estupidez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la cara&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T21:49:13.890" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T21:49:13.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8648" CreationDate="2014-09-22T14:43:51.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a simple Google Image search for &lt;code&gt;cantimplora&lt;/code&gt; I found this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=cantimplora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.google.com/search?q=cantimplora&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They all look like cantines to me, or rather... they look like water containers, not bottles.  For instance.. even though Nalgenes are literally a water bottle, they resemble a cantine.. some resemble a flask.  It is the shape and appearance of the bottle that determines the distinction of &lt;code&gt;botella&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;cantimplora&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T14:43:51.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8648" CreationDate="2014-09-22T15:30:10.487" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, at least, when you say &lt;code&gt;cantimplora&lt;/code&gt; you are refering to a canteen. If you say &lt;code&gt;botella de agua&lt;/code&gt;, you are talking about the plastic bottles you buy in the shops, wich are full of water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T15:30:10.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8643" CreationDate="2014-09-22T16:22:01.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;I love you&quot; but I'm almost sure he doesn't mean it the way you think. When we say it in the romantic way, it's usually &quot;Te amo&quot; what you are looking for, and even then it can be just an expression of affection from a friend (specially if she just helped him with something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have to take in account cultural differences. Latin people usually express our feelings in a way that other cultures may see as exaggerated, and there are also differences among countries. I'm Spanish, and over here, a &quot;te quiero&quot; it's nothing really that serious, specially after an &quot;haha&quot;, but wait until someone from mexico confirms it the same over there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T16:22:01.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8648" CreationDate="2014-09-22T20:06:42.367" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, &quot;cantimplora&quot; is always &quot;canteen&quot;. If you want to say &quot;a bottle of water&quot; as in the kind you buy at a convenience store, you would say &quot;botella de agua&quot; (as you indicated), or &quot;agua embotellada&quot; (bottled water).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5648" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T20:06:42.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8643" CreationDate="2014-09-22T22:16:05.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish &quot;Te amo&quot; is too strong, so if you want to say that you have good fellings on someone but not necesary love, you say &quot;querer&quot;. &quot;Te quiero&quot; means &quot;I like you&quot; most of the times. You can say it as &quot;I love you&quot; but the context makes clear wich one is the correct one. Here he's only saying &quot;lol luv u&quot; or something like that haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T22:16:05.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-23T07:40:11.247" Score="3" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do we convey this sense in Spanish? Consider the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He was only too happy to oblige.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do tell me...I'm only too curious to find out!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; is not relevant in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T21:02:21.250" Title="&quot;Only too happy&quot; and related constructs in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8659" CreationDate="2014-09-23T08:07:39.303" Score="6" ViewCount="2030" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easily, the Spanish for this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can one place some stress on the &quot;not knowing&quot; part of this sentence...maybe when one is a little annoyed while saying it? In English, one could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I just don't know!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to translate the sense of &quot;just&quot; in Spanish in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T15:24:36.370" Title="&quot;Just&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8658" CreationDate="2014-09-23T09:18:29.280" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I just don't know&lt;/em&gt; could be translated to this most of the times:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Simplemente no lo sé.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;em&gt;sencillamente&lt;/em&gt;, same as simplemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is more or less neutral, you can use it in many context, probably in all of them. But depending on the context (mostly the question that is being answered and the mood of the respondent) other forms could be more expressive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No lo sé, y ya está.&#xA;[Te he dicho] ¡que no lo sé!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of stress here, probably it means &lt;em&gt;stop asking me or I'll get angry&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="5584" LastEditDate="2014-09-24T10:54:22.620" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T10:54:22.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8657" CreationDate="2014-09-23T09:43:06.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct me any English speaker if I'm wrong about the meaning of &quot;only too (sth) to (do sth)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;only too&quot; can't be translated directly, it is like a &quot;quite&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translations would be these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estaba encantado de ayudar.&#xA;Dímelo... tengo demasiada curiosidad para averiguarlo!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last one has no sense to me, I'm not sure if I understand it.&#xA;Should that sentence be &lt;em&gt;Do tell me... I'm only too curious NOT to find out!&lt;/em&gt; the translation would be easy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dímelo... ¡me muero de curiosidad!&#xA;Dímelo... ¡necesito saberlo!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, on a more literal form, although a bit weird (but still correct) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dímelo... ¡tengo demasiada curiosidad como para que no me lo digas!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1377777&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1377777&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=138097&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=138097&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T09:43:06.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2014-09-23T10:04:39.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To roll the &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; (ARRR!) you need (as some have said) to pronounce like the &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;water&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;put it on&lt;/em&gt;, and make it continue. How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you put the tongue in the correct position, with the tip on the alveolar ridge, the rest of the tongue is closing any exit for the air. &#xA;If you then fix (anchor) the tongue in that position (tip included), when you try to exhale air through your mouth it can not get out.&#xA;To pronounce the &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; we let the tip of the tongue to be &lt;em&gt;softer&lt;/em&gt; than the rest of it so that the air comes out between the tongue tip and the alveolar ridge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies for the rolled &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, but with a bit more strength in the tip and with air blowing out continuously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need to quickly move the tongue back and forth the alveolar ridge to let the air out. You just keep the tongue and tip in the same position and strength (softer in the tip-to-ridge, stronger in the rest of the tongue) and keep the air pressure continuously. Then your tongue keeps flipping while the air passes between tip and ridge, just because of the air flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T11:20:08.987" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T11:20:08.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8658" CreationDate="2014-09-23T10:07:46.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; has no straightforward translation to Spanish. The correct translation depends on the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I would suggest &lt;em&gt;no tengo ni idea&lt;/em&gt;, at least in Spain. This expression begs the listener to stop asking. It can also convey annoyance, though not necessarily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T10:07:46.923" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8658" CreationDate="2014-09-23T11:27:22.807" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some other usual alternatives, to add to Lucas' answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  De verdad, no sé.&#xA;  ¡Te digo que no lo sé!&#xA;  No sé, y punto. (=y basta).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T11:27:22.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="854" CreationDate="2014-09-23T14:04:55.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I spent time in Chile and my understanding is that the two options mean the same thing in general, but &quot;de nada&quot; is more formal. Saying &quot;por nada&quot; implies that whatever the person is being thanked for doing or saying was so simple and easy it doesn't deserve a thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those thinking it means &quot;Thanks for nothing&quot;, remember that, in this context, &quot;por nada&quot; would be a response in conversation and not said by just one person.&#xA;Eva: &quot;¿Puedo usar tu lápiz?&quot;&#xA;Tomás: &quot;Claro, aquí está.&quot;&#xA;Eva: &quot;Gracias.&quot;&#xA;Tomás: &quot;Por nada.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5656" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T14:04:55.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8657" CreationDate="2014-09-23T15:14:15.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, the idiom &lt;em&gt;only too&lt;/em&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a matter of fact; extremely: &lt;em&gt;I am only too glad to go.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately; very: &lt;em&gt;It is only too likely to happen.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you are right, &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't convey this meaning. I would go with the use of adverbs like  &lt;strong&gt;muy, extremadamente, increiblemnente (algo)&lt;/strong&gt; and the like or expression similar to &lt;strong&gt;entusiamado de/por (algo), ansioso por/de, &lt;em&gt;supercontento&lt;/em&gt;, etc&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estaba &lt;strong&gt;entusiamando/ encantado/ contentisimo/&lt;/strong&gt; de ayudar (o ansioso de ser de utilidad). Se &lt;strong&gt;moria de ganas&lt;/strong&gt; por ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dimelo, me &lt;strong&gt;muero&lt;/strong&gt; de curiosidad/ tengo &lt;strong&gt;muchisimas&lt;/strong&gt; ganas de saberlo / &lt;strong&gt;no puedo aguantar&lt;/strong&gt; la curiosidad/ estoy &lt;strong&gt;ansioso&lt;/strong&gt; por saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T15:14:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8668" CreationDate="2014-09-23T16:56:31.487" Score="1" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am filling an application form, which is in Spanish. I am using Google Translate to fill the form but it is giving unhelpful translations for some phrases. Could someone please help me by translating these phrases to English? What should I write in these two fields in the form ? Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Centro del Máster &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Título del Máster &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5657" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-24T13:23:06.893" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T13:23:06.893" Title="What do &quot;Centro&quot; and &quot;Título&quot; mean when referring to a &quot;Máster&quot; degree in a submission form?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8666" CreationDate="2014-09-23T17:10:27.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Máster&quot; is &quot;master's degree&quot; so, &quot;Centro del Máster&quot; is where you get the master and &quot;Título el Máster&quot; is you master, what's your master degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T17:10:27.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8666" CreationDate="2014-09-23T17:10:35.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With &lt;em&gt;Centro&lt;/em&gt; they are referring to the &lt;strong&gt;place&lt;/strong&gt; (school/college) where you studied this &lt;em&gt;Máster&lt;/em&gt;, e.g. School of Blablabla, University of Thisandthat, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;em&gt;Título&lt;/em&gt; they are referring to the Degree itself, e.g. &quot;Máster in economics&quot; or &quot;Máster in Computer Science&quot; or the like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T17:10:35.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8657" CreationDate="2014-09-23T21:02:21.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;only too&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a rather curious English idiom. Of course, a word-by-word translation would be inappropriate, and there is no exact direct replacement. A general recipe in these cases would be: replace the English idiom by some approximate equivalent expression, and translate that. Then, we'd get most of the answers already posted, as well as some other ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[él] estaba completamente feliz de ser de ayuda (or: `totalmente`, `enteramente`)&#xA;&#xA;Dímelo. Tengo, de verdad, demasiada curiosidad por saberlo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T21:02:21.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8672" CreationDate="2014-09-23T22:26:21.963" Score="2" ViewCount="408" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been struggling lately in translating the English concept of &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt;. I am familiar with &lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt; but I was told only to use that to describe a physical action. Like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The man is working.&lt;/strong&gt; -- El hombre está trabajando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how do I translate these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is broken. (As in, &amp;quot;It doesn't work.&amp;quot;)&lt;/strong&gt; -- ???.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is not working. (As in, &amp;quot;I am having problems.&amp;quot;)&lt;/strong&gt; -- ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A working prototype.&lt;/strong&gt; -- ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What verb is appropriate to use, and why? Or are there idiomatic expressions that would fit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T00:12:20.657" Title="How to translate different English meanings of &quot;work&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8670" CreationDate="2014-09-23T22:33:06.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí están las opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is broken. (As in, &amp;quot;It doesn't work.&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está dañado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broken implies that it is broken so &amp;quot;dañado&amp;quot; can mean that is damagged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not working. (As in, &amp;quot;I am having problems.&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no está funcionando. This is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no está trabajando. This is not workig [an engine or something mechanical].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A working prototype:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un prototipo funcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T22:56:32.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8670" CreationDate="2014-09-23T22:58:13.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rewording it in English can give you clues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;ability-to-function&lt;/em&gt;, the verb &lt;em&gt;funcionar&lt;/em&gt; percolates to the mind's surface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El televisor ya no funciona.  No funciona mi coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another version of &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt; in English is, for instance, &lt;em&gt;this doesn't work for me&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;not appropriate&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;doesn't serve me well&lt;/em&gt;.  The latter one gives us the best verb in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;servir&lt;/em&gt;:  &lt;em&gt;algo me sirve bien&lt;/em&gt; (works for me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the &lt;em&gt;working model&lt;/em&gt; example falls under the meaning of &lt;em&gt;ability-to-function&lt;/em&gt; you can base its translation on that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;un prototipo que funciona, un prototipo funcional, un prototipo funcionante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter one is less common but with a number of uses in published works with that exact meaning.  The catch is that most of the words have some semantic overlap with other terms so different fields seem to prefer different terms (I also found &lt;em&gt;operacional / operativo&lt;/em&gt;, or simply &lt;em&gt;de trabajo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T22:58:13.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8670" CreationDate="2014-09-24T00:12:20.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The man is working. -- El hombre está trabajando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is broken. No funciona (meaning &quot;está averiado&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not working. -- Esto no está funcionando / esto no está dando resultado (as in &quot;este plan no está funcionando)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A working prototype. -- Un prototipo funcional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T00:12:20.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8658" CreationDate="2014-09-24T00:17:39.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sencillamente no lo sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplemente no lo sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tengo ni la más mínima idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tengo ni la más remota idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-09-26T15:24:36.370" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T15:24:36.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8678" CreationDate="2014-09-24T04:16:41.490" Score="3" ViewCount="542" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand &quot;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; translates into &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. However in the following contexts, that translation doesn't seem to work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How did you manage to hurt your back this bad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whoa! I didn't know you cooked that good!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T08:48:54.173" Title="&quot;This&quot; in Spanish in the context of &quot;this bad&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8675" CreationDate="2014-09-24T05:47:36.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably use tanto or tan as a good substitute                                             &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5664" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T05:47:36.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8679" CreationDate="2014-09-24T07:56:43.263" Score="1" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I ate today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can easily translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy comí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How much did you eat today?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the last sentence, there's a subtle hint of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;how much did you eat for today?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; Somewhat like, say, you are on a diet and must count your calories. So the doctor asks you about your intake: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;How much today?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;How much was it yesterday?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Can this context be translated with a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuanto comíste por hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if you need me to explain this better. Not sure if I am being able to convey the context clearly here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T23:39:59.440" Title="&quot;Today&quot; in the context of &quot;for today&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8675" CreationDate="2014-09-24T08:48:54.173" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can substitute it directly by &lt;em&gt;así de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bien/mal/rápido/etc.&lt;/em&gt;) when modifying a noun/adjective. When modifying a verb you can use &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt; (after the verb):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cómo lograste hacerte tanto daño en la espalda?&#xA;Cómo conseguiste lastimarte tanto la espalda?&#xA;Cómo hiciste para dejarte la espalda así de mal?&#xA;&#xA;¡Vaya! ¡No sabía que cocinabas así de bien!&#xA;¡Anda! ¡No sabía que cocinabas tan bien!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T08:48:54.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8677" CreationDate="2014-09-24T09:06:09.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por hoy&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;locución adverbial&lt;/em&gt; that means &quot;up to now&quot; or &quot;for the rest of the day&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ya está bien por hoy&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to &quot;Call it a day&quot; or &quot;this was enough for today&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Por) hoy ya he comido bastante&#xA;Ya he comido bastante (por) hoy&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases you plan not to eat anythin else for today. You can use either &quot;hoy&quot; and &quot;por hoy&quot; in both sentences, they mean the same and are equally correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuánto has comido hoy?&#xA;¿Cuánto has comido por hoy?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases he could eat more after answering the question. Although it seems both forms are correct in this case (I'm checking DRAE) and mean the same, I would never use the second form, it sounds antinatural to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T09:06:09.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8677" CreationDate="2014-09-24T16:24:17.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd use &quot;Cuánto comiste hoy?&quot; sounds natural and it's what we use here (Venezuela).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5670" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T16:24:17.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8677" CreationDate="2014-09-24T19:05:49.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuánto has comido?&#xA;Cuánto has comido hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If it's today then you dont say in past tense)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5672" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T19:05:49.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8685" CreationDate="2014-09-24T23:16:37.083" Score="1" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles de la siguientes oraciones son correctas? Todas tienen que ver con la palabra que sigue a &lt;em&gt;indignado&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cuáles son las permitidas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy indignado &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; haya cenizas ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy indignado &lt;strong&gt;conque&lt;/strong&gt; haya cenizas ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy indignado &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; haya cenizas ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy indignado &lt;strong&gt;por que&lt;/strong&gt; hay cenizas ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy indignado &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; hay cenizas ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se ve alguna diferencia en el significado de cada oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T20:47:08.047" Title="Indignado con/por/de" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8677" CreationDate="2014-09-24T23:39:59.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The context is everything in a word or phrase. If you want to use the phrase as you described it, then I would suggest, as the other two answers do, not to use &quot;por&quot; in it. Even when it is not incorrect, it is just not commonly used in a phrase like yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I must add that the original phrase is ambiguous, since when you say &quot;how much&quot;, anyone can answer in any way they prefer, since you are not setting a baseline of how much is &quot;a little&quot; or how much is &quot;a lot&quot;. Ambiguity aside, in a phrase like this, it is likely that you had a previous conversation about the intake of food. For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Your cholesterol levels are increasing, this is usually due to a high&#xA;  intake on saturated fat for most of my patients. Out of the list I&#xA;  provided you with food high in saturated fats, how much did you eat&#xA;  today?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a phrase like that one, I would use the following translation for your phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuánto comiste hoy? OR ¿Qué tanto comiste hoy?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both phrases express the same idea. You can also use the word &quot;has&quot; (from the verb &quot;haber&quot;), as suggested in one of the other answers. I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T23:39:59.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8682" CreationDate="2014-09-25T00:09:56.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La 1, 3 y 5 son correctas. La 5 me suena más natural. Las otras dos no son correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2: la palabra &lt;em&gt;conque&lt;/em&gt; tiene un sentido similar a &lt;em&gt;así que&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que no corresponde en este caso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4: para introducir una causa se usa la conjunción &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;. Ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta consulta&lt;/a&gt; en el sitio de la RAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma de expresar lo mismo sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me indigna que haya cenizas ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2014-09-25T20:47:08.047" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T20:47:08.047" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8618" CreationDate="2014-09-25T02:06:28.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question to ask for preterite vs imperfect in this case is did the action cease? Did the person's health stop being delicate? Because it didn't stop, era is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T02:06:28.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2014-09-25T06:31:46.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In castillian, &quot;sollado&quot; is used as an adjective or also a verb to remark that someone has cut all his/her hair to the point of having no hair. It is also related to the term &quot;sin cabeza” ( without head, beheaded). It actually means without head, but used commonly to say the person shaved is head. &quot;Olla&quot; is a receptacle kitchen tool to boil water, but used commonly in spain to refer to the head. So the &quot;s&quot; part is used as for &quot;without&quot;, &quot;cut off&quot;. Olla is the head and ado is the verb conjugation. &quot;Lo han sollado&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this word is not used on polite speaking or writing and you would have difficulty finding someone actually saying it on a city. This word would be more proper on rural areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5677" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T06:31:46.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8689" CreationDate="2014-09-25T15:09:53.663" Score="1" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I have my hands full but need to grab something else. In English, I would say &quot;here, take this&quot; or &quot;could you hold this&quot; or &quot;can you take this for a second&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could I say this in Spanish? To a friend? More politely, to a superior?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Darlo por favor?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;¿Podría ayudarme para tomar eso?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5658" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T19:31:40.957" Title="Ask/command someone to &quot;take this&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8688" CreationDate="2014-09-25T15:19:42.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not &lt;em&gt;darlo&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría &lt;strong&gt;sujetar&lt;/strong&gt; esto, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría &lt;strong&gt;cogerme&lt;/strong&gt; esto, por favor? (as long as you are not talking to Argentinians)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría &lt;strong&gt;sostenerme&lt;/strong&gt; esto, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría &lt;strong&gt;guardarme&lt;/strong&gt; esto un momento, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my advice is to use the verbs &lt;em&gt;sujetar, coger, sostener&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt; in that context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;darlo&lt;/em&gt; only to request it back:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podrías darmelo de vuelta, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and instead of &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; think of &lt;em&gt;coger o agarrar&lt;/em&gt; for &amp;quot;take&amp;quot; (Again, carefull with the double meaning of &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; in certain countries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T19:31:40.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8692" CreationDate="2014-09-25T17:08:43.827" Score="4" ViewCount="1919" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es despectivo decir &quot;individuo&quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estás hablando con ese individuo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T19:06:50.810" Title="¿Es despectivo el uso de la palabra &quot;individuo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8690" CreationDate="2014-09-25T17:45:19.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No siempre. Como indica la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=evJG6UwjYDXX2RG5pwPM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; su uso es coloquial, pero no siempre es despectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como muestra, un par de ejemplos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/individuo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo malo de las grandes urbes es que anulan al individuo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los miembros de esa especie se agrupan en pequeñas colectividades de unos diez o doce individuos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías incluso oír:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La policía busca a un individuo de raza blanca, de metro ochenta de altura...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en la televisión, y no tendría connotaciones despectivas. En tu ejemplo, es más bien &lt;em&gt;el tono&lt;/em&gt; del hablante lo que pone esa connotacion despectiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T19:05:38.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8690" CreationDate="2014-09-25T17:53:21.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usarlo de esa manera es un poco irónico. Se usa en un contexto relajado y entre amigos. Usualmente &quot;individuo&quot; se pronuncia haciendo énfasis en la palabra. Es despectivo, si el &quot;individuo&quot; es una persona que ambos conocen, aún cuando no se conozcan personalmente, y la historia entre el &quot;individuo&quot; y cualquiera de los participantes es negativa. Depende mucho del tono en el que la palabra es pronunciada. El problema con la palabra es que al ser muy formal añade un toque diferente al referirse a otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Están dos personas hablando, se despiden y una de ellas se acerca a otra, esta otra persona le dice:&#xA;  ¿Qué hacías hablando con ese individuo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto puede significar varias cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que la segunda persona está celosa del &quot;individuo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que el &quot;individuo&quot; puede tener una historia pasada, un ex, un pretendiente etcétera (Siguen siendo celos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que la persona que estaba habalndo con el individuo y el individuo no se caen bien o tienen problemas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues nada, él me habló y sólo lo saludé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te importa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues ya arreglamos todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas son posibles respuestas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T19:06:50.810" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T19:06:50.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8698" CreationDate="2014-09-25T18:13:27.137" Score="3" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create some number riddles in Spanish in a form like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am one more than twelve. What am I?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am three less than ten. What am I?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the right way to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy uno más que doce. ¿Qué soy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy tres menos que diez. ¿Qué soy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5649" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T00:34:24.613" Title="Number riddles in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8688" CreationDate="2014-09-25T19:04:35.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agárrame esto por favor. &lt;em&gt;Litteral translation for 'here take this'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agárrame esto tantito por favor. &lt;em&gt;Here, hold this for a second&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases you can say &amp;quot;porfa&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;por favor&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More polite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe, ¿podría agarrarme ésto por favor? &lt;em&gt;Talking to elder people&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, ¿podrías agarrarme ésto por favor? &lt;em&gt;Talking to people of your same age, or less than 40&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add &amp;quot;oye&amp;quot; in the beggining of these two &amp;quot;Oye disculpa&amp;quot;. And you can also say &amp;quot;porfa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other words than &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;sostener&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt; is the most common here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T19:04:35.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8696" CreationDate="2014-09-25T20:05:46.107" Score="4" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to tell someone that I've learned a lot from a set of videos and books: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Thanks a lot for your excellent books and videos. I have learned a lot from them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and so my attempted translation was: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchas gracias para tus libros y videos excelentes. He aprendido mucho de los.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? Can I end a sentence with &quot;de los&quot; like this to mean &quot;from them&quot;? For some reason, something about it seemed off ... if this is incorrect, what would be the best way to translate this type of sentence - i.e. &quot;&lt;em&gt;I have &lt;strong&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt; from them&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T19:33:14.663" Title="Is it OK to end a sentence with an object pronoun (e.g. &quot;He aprendido mucho de los&quot;)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8695" CreationDate="2014-09-25T20:25:25.113" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; is an article. The right pronoun in this case is &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt;. Otherwise it is a perfectly correct sentence, with a couple corrections:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; tus excelentes libros y videos. He aprendido mucho de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T20:25:25.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8695" CreationDate="2014-09-25T20:39:33.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can (you use the pronoun to refer to something that you have already named in the same sentence), &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; when you are saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... he aprendido mucho de &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are actually &lt;strong&gt;ending the sentence with an &lt;em&gt;articucle&lt;/em&gt;, not a pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;. That's why it sounds off. You are actually saying, &quot;I have learnt a lot form &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, not &quot;I have learnt a lot from &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of pronouns are &lt;strong&gt;este, aquel, unos, alguien&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;strong&gt;el, la, lo, los&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; are &lt;em&gt;articulos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/msanto1/lengua/1determi.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; if you want some more quick clues about &lt;em&gt;articulos and determinantes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T20:39:33.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8693" CreationDate="2014-09-26T00:34:24.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translations are correct, it may be more common to say &lt;code&gt;¿Quién soy?&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;¿Qué soy?&lt;/code&gt;, but it is more correct to say the latter phrase, since a number is a thing, and not a living being. It is obvious that a number would not speak, so it is fine to use which ever you feel more comfortable with, since using &lt;code&gt;¿Quién soy?&lt;/code&gt; would give more life to the number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quién&lt;/code&gt; usually refers to an animal, human or non-human. It is very similar to &lt;code&gt;Who&lt;/code&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Qué&lt;/code&gt; usually refers to an object, a thing. It is similar to &lt;code&gt;What&lt;/code&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T00:34:24.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8695" CreationDate="2014-09-26T19:28:07.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, se puede terminar una oración con un pronombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta te suena mal, porque el &lt;strong&gt;pronombre&lt;/strong&gt; (que no artículo) &lt;code&gt;los&lt;/code&gt; está en acusativo, y cuando se usa preposición, el pronombre de 3ª persona plural que debe usarse es &lt;code&gt;ellos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Les&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;los&lt;/code&gt; se usan siempre sin preposición, y cuando van tras el verbo se escriben junto a él. Sin embargo, ese tipo de construcción, salvo en imperativo, es anticuado y ya no se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendí mucho de &lt;strong&gt;ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos temas, aprénde&lt;b&gt;los&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendió&lt;b&gt;los&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;em&gt;(Anticuado; hoy se dice “Los aprendió”.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T19:33:14.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2014-09-26T19:47:28.927" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, cuando pronunciamos la letra &quot;z&quot; la pronunciamos como la letra &quot;s&quot;; sin embargo, la pronunciación &quot;sh&quot; no se da en toda Argentina &lt;em&gt;como algunos creen&lt;/em&gt;; esto solamente en Buenos Aires, Rosaro (provincia) de Santa Fe Argentina, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pronunciación &quot;sh&quot; se realiza juntando suavemente las dentaduras superior e inferior &lt;em&gt;como fuera a morder&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NOTA: Mi respuesta está basada en experiencias personales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5688" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T13:50:55.860" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:50:55.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2014-09-27T21:10:59.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Nicaraguan. A repocheta is a torilla filled with queso fresco and deep fried. All the beans and other stuff are just how they're served. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5692" LastActivityDate="2014-09-27T21:10:59.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8706" CreationDate="2014-09-28T01:38:58.740" Score="2" ViewCount="3131" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se compró una figura que estaba hecha de madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why can't &quot;era&quot; be used in place of &quot;estar&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T20:45:39.843" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T15:32:08.760" Title="Use of &quot;ser&quot; vs &quot;estar&quot; with past participle" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8714" CreationDate="2014-09-28T01:41:43.910" Score="2" ViewCount="2636" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not say &amp;quot;Es muy bien&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what context would you use &amp;quot;está muy bien&amp;quot;? What noun could you refer &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; to? Could you refer &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; to a person, place or thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you say the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él está muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su salud está muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T10:39:40.407" Title="&quot;Estar&quot; vs &quot;ser&quot; usage with &quot;muy bien&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8721" CreationDate="2014-09-28T01:54:43.500" Score="4" ViewCount="351" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trato de ayudarla +preposición+ no se deprima. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which form of &quot;because&quot; would you use to fill in the blank in the sentence to complete it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user5482" LastEditDate="2014-11-18T16:16:35.850" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T16:16:35.850" Title="Usage of porque, por qué, porqué, y por que" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-08-14T00:57:55.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8713" CreationDate="2014-09-28T01:56:02.607" Score="3" ViewCount="2066" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los grandes imperios han dominado la humanidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not can't gran replace grandes in the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T23:43:13.547" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T23:43:13.547" Title="Grande vs Gran usage" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8702" CreationDate="2014-09-28T01:58:20.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use ser/era, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se compró una figura que era de madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;implying a (permanent) quality of the object. You use estar + past participle to indicate the result of an action (in this case, the making process of the wood figurine). For more,you can check &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/169/est%C3%A1-hecho-de-why-not-es-hecho-de&quot;&gt;this other question&lt;/a&gt; about &quot;Estar hecho de&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T01:58:20.273" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8705" CreationDate="2014-09-28T02:04:16.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grande&lt;/em&gt; es un adjetivo calificativo equivalente a &amp;quot;Big&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Great&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa camisa es muy grande para ti. (big)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese músico es muy grande (es magnífico). (great, since you are praising. You are referring to the &amp;quot;size&amp;quot; of his talent. But you could use it for his physical size too...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gran&lt;/em&gt; es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocope&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apócope&lt;/a&gt; de grande y se usa en contextos relativos. Tiene la idea de &amp;quot;magnífico&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;estupendo&amp;quot;. &lt;em&gt;Gran&lt;/em&gt; se coloca antes del sustantivo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo que es, normalmente ira detrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un gran músico. (magnífico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gran (grandioso) imperio de Carlomagno...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T02:30:54.187" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8708" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8716" CreationDate="2014-09-28T02:17:46.963" Score="1" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pablo Neruda, nacido en Chile in 1904, estuvo en contacto directo con la naturaleza desde su infancia, sentimiento que quedó reflejado en su obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why can't quedaba be used in place of quedó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorDisplayName="user5482" LastEditDate="2014-09-28T22:00:06.333" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T22:00:06.333" Title="Preterite vs Imperfect of quedar" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8704" CreationDate="2014-09-28T02:22:29.263" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;check the RAE&lt;/a&gt; for a deep explanation of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; as two words and with the accents for questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué es eso así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto por qué Jorge está tan enfadado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in exclamation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué sitios más bonitos hemos pasado de camino aquí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; in a question is a misspelling. You need the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;, as a single word and without the accent to explain something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué llora el bebé?&#xA;Llora &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; tiene tiene hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porqué&lt;/em&gt;, is a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No comprendo el porqué de ese razonamiento. No comprendo el porqué (la razón) de eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por que&lt;/em&gt; is the use of the preposition and the relative pronoun &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, which is quite complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la razón por que llora el bebé = Esa es la razón por &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; que llora el bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, please, check the link I gave you. It is really good. If you have problems understating that in Spanish tell us and we can help with some translations of those rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T02:22:29.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8718" CreationDate="2014-09-28T02:24:28.100" Score="0" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el cuadro &lt;em&gt;Los fusilamientos del 3 de mayo&lt;/em&gt;, inspirado en los acontecimientos de 1808 durante la Guerra de Independencia, el arte de Goya alcanzó la máxima reflejado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo el significado de &quot;la máxima reflejado&quot;. Creo que es mejor usar expresividad en lugar de reflejado, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastEditorDisplayName="user14440" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T18:17:22.153" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T18:18:41.317" Title="&quot;Alcanzar máxima reflejado&quot; meaning" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-28T04:53:01.950" Score="3" ViewCount="966" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to say &quot;I ate two &lt;strong&gt;slices&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;cake&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should be used for &lt;strong&gt;slice&lt;/strong&gt;? Pedazo, trozo, rebanada, parte...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5693" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-10T01:15:45.027" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T17:35:19.680" Title="What is the best translation for &quot;Slice&quot; as in &quot;I ate two slices of cake.&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8705" CreationDate="2014-09-28T06:08:36.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque 'gran' es singular, y 'grandes' es plural, entonces si estas refiriendote a varios imperios debes usar el plural que es 'grandes', si te refirieras a un solo (only one) imperio si podrias y deberias usar gran en lugar de grandes de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el gran imperio ha dominado la humanidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en plural, tal cual tu lo escribiste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los grandes imperios han dominado la humanidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5694" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T06:08:36.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8703" CreationDate="2014-09-28T09:18:43.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use &lt;em&gt;estar bien/mal&lt;/em&gt; with people, things, places and situations that are good/bad and can change that state during time. You use &lt;em&gt;es bueno/malo&lt;/em&gt; for (usually) permanent qualities, as being a good person or a nice place to stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Está muy bien&lt;/em&gt; is most of the time &quot;S/he/it very well&quot;. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo está el coche? (preguntándole a tu mecánico)&#xA;Está muy bien. Le he cambiado el aceite y limpiado los filtros pero no tenía nada raro.&#xA;&#xA;¿Cómo está Luisa? Me dijo su madre que estaba muy estresada en el trabajo.&#xA;Eso fue al principio, ahora está muy bien.&#xA;&#xA;¿Cómo está la situación en el Consejo?&#xA;No muy bien, no alcanzan acuerdos y el tiempo se agota.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su salud está muy bien&lt;/em&gt; is correct, and you could say (and I'm more used to):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(él/ella) está  muy bien (de salud, económicamente, etc.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T09:18:43.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8711" CreationDate="2014-09-28T14:45:19.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me comí dos rebanadas de pastel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o tambien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comí dos pedazos de pastel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T14:45:19.350" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8708" CreationDate="2014-09-28T15:03:35.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;His books are already written so this nature feeling is past because it is already in his books &quot;quedó reflejado en su obra&quot;, and &quot;quedaba&quot; means that it was in his books while he was writing but just in that time, not anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T15:03:35.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8704" CreationDate="2014-09-28T19:02:30.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The quick rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;porque = because&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por qué = why&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not the full story, though; see Diego's answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T19:07:41.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8710" CreationDate="2014-09-28T19:45:31.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;la máxima reflejado&quot; no tiene sentido. Como dicen en los comentarios debe tratarse de un error de tipeo. Reemplazar la palabra &quot;reflejado&quot; por &quot;expresividad&quot; sí genera una oración correcta, pero habría que ver si efectivamente la afirmación contiene verdad (¿Goya realmente alcanzó la máxima expresividad en ese cuadro, y no en otro?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T18:18:41.317" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T18:18:41.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8703" CreationDate="2014-09-28T22:07:59.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es muy bien&quot; is incorrect in every context. @Lucas examples are good, they all use the verb &quot;estar&quot; (never &quot;ser&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T22:07:59.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8704" CreationDate="2014-09-28T23:17:57.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para rellenar la frase &quot;Trato de ayudarla _ no se deprima&quot; no se usa ninguna de las opciones (porque, por qué, etc). En cambio, se dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trato de ayudarla para que no se deprima&quot; (In english it might be &quot;I try to help her so she doesn't depress&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría usarse &quot;porque&quot; en esta otra frase: &quot;Trato de ayudarla porque está deprimida&quot; (&quot;I try to help her because she is depressed&quot;), pero significa otra cosa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T23:17:57.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8724" CreationDate="2014-09-29T01:05:47.423" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference among these words? Can you give me an example of when they are used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words that indicate start of action: &#xA;among: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;empezar a, ponerse a, y echarse a?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words that indicate duration of action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estar + gerundio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seguir + gerundio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llevar + gerundio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5482" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T02:04:07.447" Title="Definition and Usage of verbs that indicate start and duration of action" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8723" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-29T01:10:00.797" Score="1" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for recommendations on dictionaries suitable for English language learners (immigrants) in middle school. English-Spanish and Spanish-English dictionaries will be needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5699" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T03:25:07.963" Title="Recommendations for hard-copy dictionary for middle schoolers" Tags="&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-10-01T23:41:54.997" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8722" CreationDate="2014-09-29T02:04:07.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no big difference between &quot;empezar a, ponerse a, y echarse a&quot;. I find them similar to english &quot;start to&quot;. In Argentina &quot;echarse a&quot; is not as common as the other two, so I think the frequency of usage depends on localization. But, no matter where you are, you can say for example &quot;empezar a jugar&quot;, &quot;ponerse a jugar&quot;, &quot;echarse a jugar&quot; (the last one sounds odd to me, because echarse also means &quot;to lie down&quot;, which changes the meaning of the phrase). The verbs that come to my mind, can all work the same way with the 3 options: caminar, beber, andar, estudiar, pintar, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for estar, seguir and llevar, there is a little difference. The last one, &quot;Llevar + gerundio&quot; gives me the idea that the action has started long ago. For example, with the verb &quot;beber&quot;: estar bebiendo means that you're drinking, seguir bebiendo means that you started drinking before and you continue doing it, and llevar bebiendo might mean a longer drinking activity. I'd translate them to english as &quot;being drinking&quot;, &quot;keep on drinking&quot; and &quot;keep drinking [for long]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T02:04:07.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8723" CreationDate="2014-09-29T03:25:07.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When my wife came to Spain she got herself a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=Webster%27s+New+World+Pocket+Spanish+Dictionary.&amp;amp;oq=Webster%27s+New+World+Pocket+Spanish+Dictionary.&amp;amp;aqs=chrome..69i57j0.949j0j7&amp;amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;es_sm=119&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Webster's New World Pocket Spanish Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was affordable, small enough to be carried in a bag and complete. She is a teacher (worked as a teacher in USA and as an English teacher in Spain), so she new what she was looking for when she got hers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T03:25:07.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8729" CreationDate="2014-09-29T03:47:10.873" Score="3" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's written on this picture? How you would translate it? I can recognize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Rafael Pombo de Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez lo hice en hora y media …&#xA;  Clavdia [or Claudia]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for description of the drawing on Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rafael_Pombo_by_Guti%C3%A9rrez.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;File:Rafael Pombo by Gutiérrez.jpg&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kcDSW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T08:40:01.457" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T13:57:26.423" Title="Can anybody recognize and translate the phrase &quot;El Rafael Pombo de Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez lo hice en hora y media … Clavdia [or Claudia]”?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8726" CreationDate="2014-09-29T04:00:15.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Rafael Pombo de Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez lo hice en hora y media según Claudia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I made Rafael Pombo by Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez in one hour and a half according to Claudia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T04:00:15.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8726" CreationDate="2014-09-29T04:05:19.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“El Rafael Pombo de Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez lo hice en hora y media según Claudia 16-3-12&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The Rafael Pombo by Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez, I made it in an hour and a half according Claudia 3-16-14&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;El Rafael...&quot; is talking about the drawing, a drawing of Rafael.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...de Felipe Santiago...&quot; is the author. &quot;Made by...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...lo hice en hora y media según Claudia...&quot; is like saying &quot;Claudia says that I made it in an hour and a half&quot; but he's not sure about that. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;16-3-12&quot; is the date of the drawing March 16th, 2012.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T13:57:26.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T13:57:26.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8726" CreationDate="2014-09-29T04:05:38.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The picture says: &quot;El Rafael Pombo de Felipe Santiago Gutierrez lo hice en hora y media según Claudia&quot;. I'd translate as: &quot;I did the Rafael Pombo by Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez in an hour and a half according to Claudia&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Pombo&quot;&gt;Rafael Pombo&lt;/a&gt; is the model, Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez (a mexican painter from the XIX century) was the artist that draw the original and &quot;me&quot; is the one that made a copy in such a short time (in March 16, 2012).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T04:05:38.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8731" CreationDate="2014-09-29T17:16:54.810" Score="2" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading about the Day of the Dead festival in Mexico and learned that the yellow marigold flower is a central theme in its celebrations. And I also read that it's traditionally called by its Classical Nahuatl name, &lt;strong&gt;cempasúchitl&lt;/strong&gt;. But that sounds like such a difficult word to pronounce! I don't mind learning it but I am really curious to know if it's really the most commonly used name for this flower in Mexico or do they prefer the regular Spanish name, &lt;strong&gt;maravilla&lt;/strong&gt;? I just want to know which of the two words am I more likely to hear in Mexico out of the context of this festival, say at a flower shop. Also, some websites spell it as &lt;strong&gt;zempasúchitl&lt;/strong&gt;; which of the two is &quot;more correct&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-29T17:29:02.697" LastActivityDate="2020-06-01T01:58:15.457" Title="Cempasúchitl vs maravilla" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8730" CreationDate="2014-09-29T20:44:29.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This flower in Mexico is called &lt;strong&gt;Cempasúchil&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cempasúchitl&lt;/em&gt; is the nahuatl name. If there are other names, I've never heard them before, I didn't know that was called &lt;strong&gt;maravilla&lt;/strong&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words written with final &quot;tl&quot; have two options of pronunciation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;tl&lt;/strong&gt;: yes, hard to pronounce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;: just an l or lt, but in this case only for extremely common words, for example &quot;Xóchitl&quot; is a female name but I've never heard someone saying it as &quot;Sochitl&quot;[the X sounds S], I've allways heard and said &quot;Sóchil&quot; or &quot;Sóchilt&quot;[Names can be written sightly different from the pronunciation]. Remember, this is not a correct pronunciation, it appears in some words and is ok but if you see a word &quot;tl&quot; say it as it written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the &lt;strong&gt;Zempasúchitl&lt;/strong&gt;, is a misspelling, I found a couple of English sites that have that Z but it can be an archaism, old writing, all the antiques &quot;ze&quot; and &quot;zi&quot; now is &quot;ce&quot; and &quot;ci&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-06-01T01:58:15.457" LastActivityDate="2020-06-01T01:58:15.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8734" CreationDate="2014-09-30T01:58:41.313" Score="4" ViewCount="788" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenos, amigos.  Yo quiero comenzar a decir que mi Espanol es muy malo, pero estoy aprendiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, cuando hablas una palabra con dos piezas, como sabes donde poner el enfasis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dices &quot;BES-tia&quot; y no &quot;bes-TIA&quot;.  Por que?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra vez, lo siento por mi mal Espanol y gracias por la ayuda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2569" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T16:03:14.730" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T16:03:14.730" Title="Dónde poner énfasis" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8733" CreationDate="2014-09-30T02:33:53.860" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es fácil si ya sabes escribir la palabra que quieres decir. Hay tres reglas fáciles (síguelas en orden)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si hay tilde, acentúa la sílaba que lo alberga.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si acaba en &lt;em&gt;A, E, I, O, U, N&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;, acentúa la penúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acentúa la última sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, en palabras como &lt;em&gt;carmesí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;espíritu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llevándosemelo&lt;/em&gt;, el tilde te indica dónde poner el acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En palabras como &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cursi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;terminales&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;caminan&lt;/em&gt;, ves que no tienen tilde (por que no se sigue la primera regla), pero sí terminan con una de las letras &lt;em&gt;aeiouns&lt;/em&gt;. Así que, tienes Una, ESte, CURsi, termiNAles, y caMInan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, en palabras como &lt;em&gt;ajedrez&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;abad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;reloj&lt;/em&gt;, no hay tilde (no se sigue la primera) ni acaban en &lt;em&gt;aeiouns&lt;/em&gt; (tampoco la segunda). Así que hay que seguir la tercera, es decir la última sílaba: ajeDREZ, aBAD, reLOJ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;bestia&lt;/em&gt;, sería posible escribir (ojo: no son palabras verdaderas) &lt;em&gt;bestía&lt;/em&gt; (bes-TI-a) y &lt;em&gt;bestiá&lt;/em&gt; (bes-TIA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T02:59:48.933" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T02:59:48.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1099" CreationDate="2014-09-30T12:15:48.787" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/strong&gt; we use &lt;code&gt;Setiembre&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Septiembre&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5708" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T13:15:46.473" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T13:15:46.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="914" CreationDate="2014-09-30T16:11:51.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Doña&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is what I would use to convey such courtesy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Doña María, cómo estás hoy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-07-30T14:42:26.517" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T14:42:26.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8739" CreationDate="2014-09-30T20:39:20.083" Score="3" ViewCount="8596" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I'm walking and I want the attention of someone. What do I say/shout? I'm especially looking for situations where the person is a stranger, but I would like to be polite. In English, you would use &lt;em&gt;Sir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ma'am&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Miss&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some ways in Spanish? The ones I've heard are &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;señora&lt;/em&gt;. Are those appropriate words? Are there other better or different ones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T13:37:02.130" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T15:30:12.970" Title="What is the proper way to get someone's attention?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-09-30T20:42:03.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oiga&lt;/em&gt; is nice and pretty universal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T20:42:03.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-09-30T20:53:31.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For men I would use &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdone &lt;strong&gt;caballero&lt;/strong&gt;, me permite una pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe &lt;strong&gt;señor&lt;/strong&gt;, sabe donde esta esta calle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For women I would use &lt;em&gt;Señora&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Señorita&lt;/em&gt;. The first is used to married women, and the second for (younger) unmarried ones. Since yo can't tell, unless they are blatantly old I would go with &lt;em&gt;Señorita&lt;/em&gt; (middle aged women won't mind to be addressed like &lt;em&gt;Señorita&lt;/em&gt;, trust me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be informal (e.g., your work buddies or friends, in a relaxed environment) you could use &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;colega&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tío&lt;/strong&gt;, me acaba de decir el jefe que nos doblan el sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no te lo crees ni tú, &lt;strong&gt;colega&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go even more informal than that, you could use &lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dame un cigarro &lt;strong&gt;tronco&lt;/strong&gt;, que me he dejado el paquete en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt;, because that is Spanish for &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt; (And you don't say &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Excuse male, what's the time?&lt;/em&gt;, do you?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T02:13:52.573" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-09-30T22:15:07.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is for Mexico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking to an elder man you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oiga, señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señor, disculpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, pretty much the same but those are the options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an elder woman:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe, señora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oiga, señora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señora disculpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some one under fourties, but not a kid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chavo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oye chavo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you are elder than this person that could be a teen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oiga, disculpe joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchacho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Niño. (This sounds derogative but can works)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking to a friend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oye&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ey güey [Just very close friends and make sure your friend says that word, and just guy-guy or woman-woman, guy-woman most of the tomes is not ok]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varón can't be used in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T22:15:07.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8742" CreationDate="2014-10-01T00:46:46.033" Score="2" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;best way&quot; en inglés es informal. Es una frase para indicar algo con prudencia.  Creo que es eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en español, ¿cómo se dice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento por mi español, aún no sé mucho. ¡Estoy aprendiendo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2569" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2014-10-02T14:15:19.230" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T16:34:02.530" Title="¿Cómo se dice «best way»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8741" CreationDate="2014-10-01T00:58:47.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Best way&lt;/em&gt; podría traducirse como &lt;em&gt;la mejor manera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;la mejor forma&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is that the best way to do it? / Es esa la &lt;strong&gt;mejor manera&lt;/strong&gt; de hacerlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prudente&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;code&gt;Es la manera más prudente de hacerlo&lt;/code&gt; equivaldría a &lt;code&gt;Is the most sensible way to do it&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si puedes poner usos de &quot;best way&quot;, sería más fácil darte una respuesta en contexto para esos usos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, en lugar de &quot;lo creo que&quot; decimos &quot;es lo que creo&quot;. Está muy bien que intentes practicar español siempre que puedas. Bravo!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T00:58:47.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3380" CreationDate="2014-10-01T02:15:39.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ralenti&quot; is French, so no wonder the term is used in Spain where there is strong neighborly influence (even though Spaniards will deny it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico I would use &quot;neutral&quot;, and my guess is that this is quite generic. Automatic transmissions have &quot;Neutral&quot;, but it is used also for stick-shift: when the engine is not engaged, you say &quot;está en neutral&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest a descriptive approach when talking to your mechanic: &quot;el coche hace ruido cuando está en neutral&quot;. This sound better than a word-by-word translation like &quot;tiene una neutral ruidosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last point. In Spanish the stress in &quot;neutral&quot; is in the last syllable: &quot;neuTRAL&quot; as opposed to English &quot;NEUtral&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-20T03:02:32.383" LastActivityDate="2019-01-20T03:02:32.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8741" CreationDate="2014-10-01T14:57:24.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, this question: What is the best way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor manera de hacerlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor forma de hacerlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, you did some mistakes and remember that everyone has to start from the beginning with any thing. I'm still learning english!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;best way&quot; en inglés es informal. Es una frase para indicar algo con &#xA;  prudencia. Creo que es eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero en español, ¿cómo se dice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento por mi español, aún no sé mucho. ¡Estoy aprendiendo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I've just registered in this website, I couldn't write you a message directly, it's necessary to write on this way. Diego's answer was perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Daniel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5712" LastEditorUserId="5712" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T15:07:28.660" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T15:07:28.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8746" CreationDate="2014-10-01T17:15:40.277" Score="4" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it one word or two? What would be most appropriate grammar-wise? If there's a regional variance, how is it in Mexico or the rest of latin America? I have seen rainbow translated as both, even in sources such as Wikipedia!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T23:37:41.000" Title="Arco iris or arcoíris?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8745" CreationDate="2014-10-01T18:02:52.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think both are correct, and is easier to hear &lt;em&gt;arco iris&lt;/em&gt; (plural &lt;em&gt;arcos iris&lt;/em&gt;), but the accepted form is &lt;strong&gt;arcoíris&lt;/strong&gt; (plural &lt;em&gt;“los arcoíris”&lt;/em&gt;, not &amp;quot;arcoírises&amp;quot;), at least &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=arco%EDris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to the Real Academia de la Lengua&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing &lt;a href=&quot;http://castellanoactual.com/duda-resuelta-arcoiris-arco-iris-o-arcoiris/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some research&lt;/a&gt; I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas (2005) señala que, aunque suele usarse la forma “arco iris” (plural “arcos iris”), es preferible la grafía simple “arcoíris” (plural “los arcoíris”). Es una palabra  compuesta cuyo primer elemento “arco” se convierte en átono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra “arcoíris” se tilda en la í porque contiene un  hiato de vocal abierta (o) más vocal cerrada (í), y según las reglas de tildación del español, los hiatos con esta estructura siempre deben llevar tilde en la vocal cerrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T23:37:41.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8748" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8750" CreationDate="2014-10-02T03:21:23.830" Score="5" ViewCount="1413" Body="&lt;p&gt;All three seem to mean fog or mist. Is there any regional difference in usage? Or do they actually stand for slightly different things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:47.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T12:55:11.780" Title="What is the difference among &quot;niebla&quot;, &quot;neblina&quot; and &quot;bruma&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8749" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-02T03:23:02.280" Score="26" ViewCount="113928" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunos países hispanoparlantes la palabra &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; tiene connotaciones sexuales. La RAE indica &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?w=coger&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Realizar el acto sexual&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, pero el problema es que es una expresión malsonante, marcada fuertemente como palabra tabú y conviene evitarla (salvo que quieras ser grosero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que esto es así al menos en Argentina y México, pero no estoy seguro de otros países. Siempre que intento buscar referencias estas indican que &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; tiene este significado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/obras/suma/r3/buscar.asp?word2=agarrar,%20coger,%20tomar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;en casi todos los países americanos&quot;&lt;/a&gt; pero por lo que me han dicho colombianos y venelozanos esto no es así en sus países. Creo que en Cuba y Costa Rica tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que hay más de 20 países hispanohablantes, pero puede alguien confirmarme ¿&lt;strong&gt;en qué países la palabra &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; tiene connotaciones sexuales&lt;/strong&gt;? Me gustaría saber a qué atenerme cuando hable con personas de estos países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-03-10T11:34:39.243" LastActivityDate="2020-03-10T15:12:48.557" Title="¿En qué países la palabra &quot;coger&quot; tiene connotaciones sexuales?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sexualidad&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8748" CreationDate="2014-10-02T03:33:47.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that their difference is mainly &lt;strong&gt;visibility&lt;/strong&gt;. If you can see something (fairly well) it might be &lt;em&gt;neblina&lt;/em&gt;. If you can't see much is &lt;em&gt;niebla&lt;/em&gt;. I don't know if this &quot;threshold&quot; for visibility is subjective or not, but I'm positive that the &lt;em&gt;niebla&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;thicker&quot; than the &lt;em&gt;neblina&lt;/em&gt;, allowing you to see less. Most famous example I can think of is &quot;La niebla de Londres&quot; (is there a difference in English between &lt;em&gt;mist&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fog&lt;/em&gt;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, the &lt;em&gt;bruma&lt;/em&gt; is when those water drops that form the mist are over or near the sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there are any regional difference in usage, but they might depend on wether that place is close or not to the sea or ocean (using &lt;em&gt;bruma&lt;/em&gt; more often than the other, or instead of them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T03:33:47.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8748" CreationDate="2014-10-02T04:22:09.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it is the same in all Mexico but here we just say &quot;niebla&quot; or &quot;neblina&quot;, no difference at all, and no one says &quot;bruma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T19:02:22.887" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T19:02:22.887" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2014-10-02T04:25:20.997" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;México, aquí &quot;coger&quot; ya perdió el significado de &quot;sostener&quot; y fue sustituido por completo por &quot;agarrar&quot; y &quot;tomar&quot; principalmente. Ahora &quot;coger&quot; sólo significa tener relaciones sexuales, pero se entiende por completo si hablamos con personas de otro país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T04:25:20.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2014-10-02T10:27:32.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba no hay problema alguno. Así mi tiempo allí estuvo muy bien ya que uso la palabra cada dos por tres y no tenía por qué cambiar mi habla. Mi inquilino, que es argentino, me dijo que con ambos significados está corriente, pero igual es algo viejo él y lleva un tiempo fuera del país, así que la situación puede haber cambiado. Dudo que tenga connotaciones sexuales en el español africano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a confirmarlo con un colega peruano hoy pero creo que me dijo algo parecido, que usarlo con el significado no sexual no corre ningún riesgo de ser entendido como el sexual.  Bueno, no pude hablar con él, pero en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=67092&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este hilo&lt;/a&gt;, dicen que en el Perú no hay significado sexual.  En el mismo, dice que mantiene el significado no sexual en la R.D., el Panamá y la Colombia, y que según quien creas del hilo sigue o con ambos significados en Venezuela o solo el no sexual (confío más en que usarían ambos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: acabo de conocer a una panameña hoy mismo que es profesora de secundaria. Usó coger en la conversación igual que lo usaría yo (es decir, sin connotación sexual). Le pregunté si así es común y me dijo que allí no tiene el significado sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-10T00:58:40.710" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T00:58:40.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2014-10-02T13:42:55.243" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanophone&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, salen 25 países de habla hispana. Con lo que cada uno aporte, podemos actualizar esta lista, porque no sé si va a ser posible que una sola persona aporte una lista completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;País/territorio&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Sí&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Salvador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guatemala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Honduras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paraguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uruguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;No&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panamá&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;República Dominicana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sáhara Occidental&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Depende&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estados Unidos (influencias mexicanas, cubanas, dominicanas y puertorriqueñas. Ver comentarios de Guifa)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Sin datos aún&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filipinas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guinea Ecuatorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias a todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He usado &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=945172&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta referencia&lt;/a&gt; para Uruguay, Chile y Bolivia. El problema es que también cita Venezuela como &lt;code&gt;sí&lt;/code&gt;, cuando ya la teníamos como &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt;, así que no estoy seguro de cuánto fiarme de ella...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T02:29:52.547" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T02:29:52.547" CommentCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8759" CreationDate="2014-10-02T17:55:03.607" Score="7" ViewCount="51818" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las abreviación de palabras en plural se hace usando dos veces la misma letra, por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;EE.UU.&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;II.BB.&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;Ingresos Brutos&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué no se utiliza la misma regla para Buenos Aires?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="192" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-02T18:52:47.257" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T16:07:37.573" Title="¿Por qué Buenos Aires se abrevia Bs. As. o B.A. y no BB.AA. como debería ser?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8757" CreationDate="2014-10-02T18:07:06.460" Score="3" ViewCount="612" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hormiga&lt;/strong&gt; is the Spanish for &lt;em&gt;ant&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;hormigón&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;concrete&lt;/em&gt;. Now ants and concrete hardly seem to have anything in common between them. However, I read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.myetymology.com/spanish/hormig%C3%B3n.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;somewhere&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;strong&gt;hormigón&lt;/strong&gt; was derived from &lt;strong&gt;hormigo&lt;/strong&gt; which itself came from &lt;strong&gt;hormiga&lt;/strong&gt;. How is that possible? Is this the correct etymology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T18:48:29.383" Title="Hormiga and hormigón: How are they related?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8756" CreationDate="2014-10-02T18:48:29.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After checking that reference, I can tell you that I'm quite sure that &lt;strong&gt;hormiga&lt;/strong&gt; does come from &lt;strong&gt;formica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the roots of &lt;strong&gt;hormigón&lt;/strong&gt; are unclear. Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0CC0QFjAB&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fmaterconstrucc.revistas.csic.es%2Findex.php%2Fmaterconstrucc%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F961%2F1017&amp;amp;ei=xpstVM3rGdSryASV34GIAw&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNF2YA0Ws-kZc7-KBigafNMx91BWgg&amp;amp;sig2=Q4PiT5Tg5r11ebw2Q6MDcw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this document&lt;/a&gt; to learn more about some of the possibilities. Theories are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HORMIGÓN deriva de FORMICARE, contruir con tapial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sustitución de la F inicial por H y subsiguiente pérdida es un fenómeno primitivo debido a la influencia ibérica de los dialectos vecinos al vasco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otra hipótesis relaciona HORMIGÓN con HORMIGOS &quot;gachas&quot;, comida hecha con trigo o &#xA;maíz quebrantados o pan desmenuzado, cocidos con agua o leche  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormig%C3%B3n#Etimolog.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; says this about the etymology of hormigón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Hormigón» procede del término formicō (o formáceo), palabra latina que alude a la cualidad de «moldeable» o «dar forma». El término concreto, definido en el diccionario de la RAE como americanismo, también es originario del latín: procede de la palabra concretus, que significa «crecer unidos», o «unir». Concretus es una palabra compuesta en la su prefijo es com- (unión) y el participio pasado del verbo crĕscere (crecer). Su uso en idioma español se transmite por vía de la cultura anglosajona,2 como anglicismo (o calco semántico), siendo la voz inglesa original concrete. Etimológicamente concreto es sinónimo de concrecionado y concreción que es la unión de diversas partículas para formar una masa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T18:48:29.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8755" CreationDate="2014-10-03T00:29:38.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la Real Academia Española, las palabras en plural se pueden abreviar de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Si la abreviatura se obtuvo por truncamiento, se añade -s: págs.&#xA;  por páginas. Se exceptúa el plural de las abreviaturas cent. (centavo,&#xA;  centésimo) y cént. (céntimo), que es cts., y no cents. ni cénts. (no&#xA;  debe confundirse la abreviatura cent. con la palabra cent, cuyo plural&#xA;  sí es cents; → cent). En abreviaturas formadas por una sola letra, el&#xA;  plural se expresa duplicando esta: ss. por siguientes, EE. UU. por&#xA;  Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Si la abreviatura se obtuvo por contracción, se aplican las reglas&#xA;  generales de formación del plural y se añade -s o -es según sea la&#xA;  terminación (→ plural, 1): dptos. o deptos. por departamentos,&#xA;  admones. por administraciones. Como excepción, Ud. (usted) forma el&#xA;  plural en -s: Uds. (ustedes). El plural de las abreviaturas con letras&#xA;  voladas debe representarse con este mismo tipo de letras: n.&lt;sup&gt;os&lt;/sup&gt; por&#xA;  números.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Si la abreviatura corresponde a una forma verbal, para el plural se&#xA;  usa la misma forma que para el singular: cp. vale como abreviatura de&#xA;  compárese y de compárense; D. E. P. puede abreviar tanto Descanse en&#xA;  paz como Descansen en paz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de Buenos Aires siendo abreviada como Bs.As., parecería que la abreviatura se formó por truncamiento y se le agrego -s al final para denotar que es plural sin seguir la regla de abreviaturas en el momento de ser creada, y por convención no se ha cambiado a la forma que sería correcta. La RAE pone Bs.As. como una abreviatura convencional, por lo cual podemos asumir que al no ser formada con las reglas, es una excepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, no he visto que se use mucho B.A. como abreviatura de Buenos Aires, por lo menos no en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abreviaturas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lista de abreviaturas convencionales: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T16:07:37.573" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T16:07:37.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8755" CreationDate="2014-10-03T01:10:56.753" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias reglas aplicables cuando se hace una abreviación y están explicadas aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=abreviatura&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:Abreviatura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En abreviaturas formadas por una sola letra, el plural se expresa duplicando esta: ss. por siguientes, EE. UU. por Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenos Aires como nombre propio no es plural del singular &lt;em&gt;Buen Aire&lt;/em&gt;. Así pues se creo seguramente para diferenciarla y como excepción. No es el caso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EE. UU. (Estados Unidos) -&gt; Estado Unido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CC. OO. (Comisiones Obreras) -&gt; Comisión Obrera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JJ. OO. (Juegos Olímpicos) -&gt; Juego Olímpico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AA. PP. (Administraciones Públicas) -&gt; Administración Pública.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hipotético caso de que existiera UU. EE. podría ser Uniones Europeas (¿pero si solo hay una Europa ?), no tiene sentido. Sería Us. Es. si existiera una ciudad para diferenciarla de la ya existente U. E. como Unión Europea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T01:10:56.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-03T04:18:58.820" Score="5" ViewCount="2925" Body="&lt;p&gt;Varias veces, en publicidad radial o televisiva en Colombia, escucho que llaman a ese símbolo como &lt;em&gt;hashtag&lt;/em&gt;. Yo lo conozco como &lt;em&gt;numeral&lt;/em&gt;, pero estoy seguro que así no se le llama en otros países. ¿Qué nombres recibe el símbolo #?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T04:57:47.967" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T12:33:53.197" Title="Nombre del símbolo # en varios países" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8760" CreationDate="2014-10-03T04:21:28.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se llama signo de número, o simplemente número y gato. El primer nombre se dice generalmente a la hora de poner números de casas y cosas por el estilo y gato cuando se usa para otras cosas como marcar números de teléfono y claro el novedoso hashtag que solo se usa para... hashtags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T04:21:28.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8760" CreationDate="2014-10-03T04:56:36.757" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es &lt;em&gt;almohadilla&lt;/em&gt;, pero no se suele usar mucho ya que ya existe la abreviatura/símbolo &lt;em&gt;N.º&lt;/em&gt; (y sus variaciones &lt;em&gt;núm.&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;nro.&lt;/em&gt;) con el mismo significado.  De hecho, la primera vez que aparece en una obra de la RAE es con el DPD aunque ese indica que se utiliza en las Américas como equivalente a &lt;em&gt;N.º&lt;/em&gt;.  Ahora también sale en la edición más moderna del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt;, pero con una acepción exclusivamente relacionada con telecomunicaciones.  &lt;em&gt;Numeral&lt;/em&gt; está definido como &lt;em&gt;almohadilla&lt;/em&gt; con la indicación geográfica de la Argentina y el Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T04:56:36.757" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8764" CreationDate="2014-10-03T08:04:09.237" Score="3" ViewCount="1100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both seem to be words for a well or a shaft. Google Images shows similar pictures for both words. So I am confused if there really is any difference between them at all. Is it just a matter of regional preferences? What is the more commonly used word in Latin America (Mexico in particular)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:23:50.403" Title="&quot;aljibe&quot; vs &quot;pozo&quot;: what's the difference?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8763" CreationDate="2014-10-03T09:23:36.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An &lt;em&gt;aljibe&lt;/em&gt; is an underground tank in which water is stored. It is usually man-made and was mostly used to collect rainwater in the past or in areas without running water. In cities there were big &lt;em&gt;aljibes&lt;/em&gt; filled up with water from nearby rivers, which was useful for times of drought and sieges. Nowadays some country houses have &lt;em&gt;aljibes&lt;/em&gt; that are refilled with water from water tankers.&#xA;There are a few more less common meanings for &lt;em&gt;aljibe&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/aljibe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/aljibe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;pozo&lt;/em&gt;, when talking about water, is usually a (man-made) hole dug in the ground in order to look for water, so &lt;em&gt;pozos&lt;/em&gt; are not a form of storage, but rather sources of water. It can also just be a deep hole in the ground (a pit).&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Pozo&lt;/em&gt; has many more specific meanings: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/pozo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/pozo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T18:52:03.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8760" CreationDate="2014-10-03T12:33:53.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España lo he oído nombrar también como &quot;celdilla&quot; o &quot;cedilla&quot; (esta última, más que probablemente, se trata de una pronunciación incorrecta de la anterior).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T12:33:53.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8767" CreationDate="2014-10-03T13:16:17.607" Score="3" ViewCount="1568" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que traducir al inglés la palabra &quot;bastiniano&quot;, pero me está costando bastante entenderla! Os pido ayuda en comprender este tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí está un extracto del texto en el cual se encuentra la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me levanté de madrugada, fui para la casa de Carlos &#xA;  y llamé varias veces frente a la ventana de su cuarto, &#xA;  pero Carlos no respondió; evidentemente, no quería &#xA;  responder. Pero como yo ya estaba dispuesto a dejarlo &#xA;  todo, eché a caminar rumbo a Velasco; me pasé un día &#xA;  caminando hasta que llegué al pueblo. Pensé que allí &#xA;  me iba a encontrar con muchos rebeldes que me iban a &#xA;  aceptar con júbilo, pero en Velasco no había rebeldes ni &#xA;  tampoco soldados &lt;strong&gt;bastinianos&lt;/strong&gt;; había un pueblo que se &#xA;  moría de hambre, compuesto en su mayoría por mujeres. Yo solo tenía cuarenta y siete centavos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que ya tengo claro, es que estos soldados no son rebeldes. Entonces, me pregunto si son soldados del estado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que entendéis por esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La fuente del texto es &quot;Un rebelde con causa&quot; de Reinaldo Arenas. Se trata de Cuba.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5722" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T09:02:40.120" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T09:02:40.120" Title="Significado de &quot;bastiniano&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8766" CreationDate="2014-10-03T13:31:44.763" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;bastiniano&lt;/em&gt; se encuentra en algunos lugares como refiriéndose al régimen de Fulgencio Batista, el dictador que gobernó Cuba hasta la revolución de 1959. Los soldados bastinianos serían soldados leales a Batista. Probablemente provenga de un error de tipeo o confusión al escribir &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/batistiano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;batistiano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que sería la manera correcta de escribirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T14:05:10.497" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T14:05:10.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8766" CreationDate="2014-10-03T13:34:14.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el texto yo interpreto que en le pueblo de Velasco podia haber o bien soldados rebeldes o soldados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) de un pueblo, ciudad o region llamada Bastian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) leales a un individuo llamado Bastian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T13:34:14.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-10-03T15:30:12.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to catch the attention of some one the more commonly ways are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpá (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpame (nethier formal or informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdon (neither formal or informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discúlpeme (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpe (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdoneme (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if you want to reffer to their gender you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chico/a, ... (kids or teenagers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joven, ... (young people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señor/a, ... (adults)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also you can mix both like you do in English of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only two that doesn't sound so good if you mix are &lt;em&gt;Disculpá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Disculpame&lt;/em&gt;, but the others you can mix the way you want and the order doesn't matter (also, like in english).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, it's almost the same to say &lt;em&gt;Sir, Excuse me&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Excuse me, Sir&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;and in spanish it's also the same saying &lt;em&gt;Señor, Disculpe&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Disculpe Señor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T15:30:12.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8766" CreationDate="2014-10-03T15:35:36.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice @rsanchez en su respuesta, debe haber algun tipo de error de tipeo para referirse a &lt;strong&gt;batistianos&lt;/strong&gt; que eran los soldados o personas leales al gobierno de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fulgencio Batista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En internet he econtrado varias referencias y lo mismo lo usan sin traducir como traducido al ingles al referirse a los batistianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin traducir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/revolutionary-firing-squads-1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Batistianos executed in Santa Clara, Jan. 2, 1959&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista#mediaviewer/File:BatistaFireSquad.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Batista's soldiers executing a rebel by firing squad in 1956&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2102" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T15:35:36.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8772" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8773" CreationDate="2014-10-03T22:14:17.810" Score="4" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rata -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puerta -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;portón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;gata -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;gatón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt; ending change anything? Which word should I use and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considere lo siguente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rata -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puerta -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;portón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;gata -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;gatón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cambia el final &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt; algo? ¿Cuál palabra debo usar y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T22:41:49.273" Title="What does the ending &quot;-ón&quot; signify?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8772" CreationDate="2014-10-03T22:41:49.273" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;sub&gt;(a)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ending (along with &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ote&lt;/em&gt;) is what's called an &lt;strong&gt;augmentative&lt;/strong&gt;.  Essentially, it's a bigger or more intense version of the base word (and the opposite of a diminuitive like &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and similar).  Using &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;small cat&lt;/em&gt;: gatito, gatillo, gatín, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cat&lt;/em&gt;: gato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;big cat&lt;/em&gt;: gatón, gatazo, gatote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do the same with other words like &lt;em&gt;libro&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;librón, librote&lt;/em&gt; — big books), perro (&lt;em&gt;perrazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;perrote&lt;/em&gt; — big dogs) or even &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;señorón, señorote&lt;/em&gt; — very manly man).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty much any noun can &lt;em&gt;technically&lt;/em&gt; have it added, but it definitely sounds weirder on some words than diminuitive endings (for example: &lt;em&gt;piscinita&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;piscinón&lt;/em&gt;) and certain augmentatives may sound better on certain words.  When doing it, &lt;em&gt;in theory&lt;/em&gt; you should pay attention to stem-changing vowels like in &lt;em&gt;puerta/portón&lt;/em&gt;, but in practice these days that is not very well followed (hence you'll see both &lt;em&gt;puertazo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;portazo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like with the diminuitives, some versions have become lexicalized — that is, they have become words in their own right, often with their own specific, unpredictable, meaning (like &lt;em&gt;manzana&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;manzanilla&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;em&gt;Rata/ratón&lt;/em&gt; is one of these, as obviously as &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; is smaller than a &lt;em&gt;rata&lt;/em&gt;.  A &lt;em&gt;portón&lt;/em&gt;, when it's not merely a large door, has other particular uses such as being the main door to the house or the gate to let bulls out.  In these cases, you need to carefully distinguish the two versions and use the correct one as they won't necessarily be interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T22:41:49.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8777" CreationDate="2014-10-04T01:59:25.383" Score="4" ViewCount="1577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish for use in Mexico, and not Castilian (European Spanish). I frequently run into Spanish instruction books and other texts that I would like to purchase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, what are the best indicators, words, etc., that I can look for that will indicate the dialect orientation of a particular text?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked up some of the differences myself, &quot;vosotros,&quot; but am curious how those that know both key in on a text's dialect. I.e. other than &quot;vosotros&quot; what else is a good indicator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5729" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T19:08:28.797" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T19:14:23.697" Title="How to Quickly Determine if a Text is in Castilian or Latin-American Spanish" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4981" CreationDate="2014-10-04T02:59:39.217" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the other answers provide solid practical information, but I'm going to get into some of the nitty gritty of it :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &lt;em&gt;La camisa es azul&lt;/em&gt;, you have three parts: subject, copula verb, and predicate adjective.  Here's it and some others broken down:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El libro&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;suj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; parece&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;v.cop.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; interesante&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p.adj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sopa&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;suj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; está&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;v.cop.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; fría&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p.adj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La camisa&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;suj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; es&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;v.cop.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; azul&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p.adj.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, here's where it gets interesting (actually, probably more so in English).  What questions would you ask to get the answers of &lt;em&gt;interesante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fría&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;azul&lt;/em&gt;?  Being adjectives, you &lt;em&gt;cannot&lt;/em&gt; use &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; (which replaces nouns).  Your question word must be &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo parece el libro?  Parece interesante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo está la sopa?  Está fría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo es la camisa?  Es azul.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want to limit our answer field a bit, we can add in &lt;em&gt;de + categoría&lt;/em&gt; (which can be placed really anywhere in the question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo parece el libro &lt;em&gt;de calidad&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo está la sopa &lt;em&gt;de temperatura&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo es la camisa &lt;em&gt;de color&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to ask these questions, since the answer will inevitably be a type of these categories is to use this &lt;em&gt;de qué + categoría&lt;/em&gt; structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿De qué calidad parece el libro?  Parece &lt;em&gt;de (una) calidad interesante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿De qué temperatura está la sopa?  Está &lt;em&gt;de (una) temperatura fría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿De qué color es la camisa?  Es &lt;em&gt;de (un) color azul&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; with predicative nominatives (nouns) instead of adjectives, you basically say that the subject is a type of the predicate (or reverse, or literally equals), rather than carries the attribute of the predicate.  &lt;em&gt;La sopa es una comida&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;El libro es un texto escrito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;La camisa es una prenda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is hard to see with &lt;em&gt;La camisa es azul&lt;/em&gt; because azul is technically ambiguous, but always interpreted as adjectival.  Let's force the noun interpretation:  &lt;em&gt;La camisa es el azul&lt;/em&gt;.  Whoa, that sounds weird.  We can say &lt;em&gt;El azul es un color&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Un/el color es el azul&lt;/em&gt;, likewise we can say &lt;em&gt;Una/la camisa es una prenda&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Una/la prenda es una/la camisa&lt;/em&gt;.  But with ser, we can't mix and match because they aren't of the same conceptual category.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you ask &lt;em&gt;¿Qué color es la camisa?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; substitutes for a noun, which means the only interpretation is this weird &lt;em&gt;La camisa es el azul&lt;/em&gt; thing that makes no sense.  You can only ask &lt;em&gt;¿Qué color es ...?&lt;/em&gt; if what replaces the … is something identifiable as a color (such as &lt;em&gt;¿Qué color es esto?&lt;/em&gt; and I'm pointing at a solid bit of color somewhere).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better question might be why English doesn't let you say *What temperature &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the soup?* but does let you ask *What color &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the shirt?*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T02:59:39.217" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8775" CreationDate="2014-10-04T03:34:11.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First thing, there is not such thing as &lt;em&gt;Latin American Spanish&lt;/em&gt; as a single variety.  In fact, the quality you mention, &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is pretty much the only thing that is done in Spain and Africa that's not done anywhere in Latin America.  For instruction manuals, this will never be an issue, as they will either use impersonal infinitival commands, or they will use singular commands with tú/vos/Vd.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other potential exclusively-Spain grammatical indicator I can think of would be usage of synthetic pluperfect (&lt;em&gt;Yo ya &lt;strong&gt;limpiara&lt;/strong&gt; la casa cuando volvió mi esposa&lt;/em&gt;) or of postpositioned object pronouns in declarative sentences (&lt;em&gt;Voy&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; en seguida&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Envié&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; ayer&lt;/em&gt;).  But these are quite exclusive to the northwest of Spain and accordingly won't ever show up in anything modern destined to a wide audience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few vocabulary words that are particular to Spain, but even then, they aren't perfect.  Probably &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; would be your best bet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything else I can think of will identify something as being from &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; part of Latin America, but they don't apply at all to the entirety of the continent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In parts of Central America, based on hearing my friends from there talk, there is a strong preference for true passive voice (&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; + part.) over the fake passive (&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; + 3rd pers).  But at what level it becomes indicative, that's hard to say.  Many manuals are translated, and so tend to be heavier on true passive due to less-than-perfect translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, Uruguay, and a few other pocketed areas, you'll see the pronoun &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; used instead of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;.  In Argentina, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; has the same sociolinguistic status as &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; elsewhere, and will be used in an instruction manual.  This will sound as weird to a Mexican as &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (in other words, they'll understand, but they don't use it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocabulary wise, it's hard to pin down specific words that you might see in a more formal document like an instruction manual as many of the words that seem characteristic of parts of Latin American are used in &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; (if a small) part of Spain depending on migration patterns.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T03:34:11.723" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8775" CreationDate="2014-10-04T16:01:30.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Really good insight. From the many English teachers I have had, only one explained to me that &lt;em&gt;center&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;centre&lt;/em&gt; are the same word, none is misspelled, there is just regional variations (as with the meaning of &lt;em&gt;smart&lt;/em&gt;). He explained us to pay attention about what influences you have in the English you are studying, reading and hearing while learning English. Some of his advice was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for the editorial information of the books. It will tell you a lot. They usually include the address for the publisher, so you could get an idea about on which side of the pond that book was either translated or published.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are purchasing a novel in Spanish from a Spanish author, do some research about their nationality and where they have lived. Pick authors whose Spanish might be closest to the regional variation you want to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you try to learn from reading newspapers, articles, etc. pick those you are sure were written by Mexican Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When watching movies (DVDs), pay attention to see if subtitles/languages include any indications about variations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T16:01:30.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8779" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8780" CreationDate="2014-10-04T16:48:14.950" Score="4" ViewCount="320" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the use of interrogative pronouns in ordinary statements, not just questions. For example, from the book &quot;Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los Dursley se estremecían al pensar &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; dirían los vecinos si los Potter apareciesen por la acera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; (what?), I would expect to see &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; - without the accent (that/which/who/what). Why is the word qué chosen instead? Is it something to do with the presence of the subjunctive verb that makes it different or special?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any insights in this, for me, a very strange construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T19:35:59.457" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T19:35:59.457" Title="Why is there an interrogative pronoun in this sentence which is not a question?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8779" CreationDate="2014-10-04T17:19:50.393" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sentence is not a (blatant) question, but is a indirect interrogative sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Dursley se estremecían al pensar qué dirían los vecinos si los Potter apareciesen por la acera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is equivalent to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Dursley se estremecían al pensar (o pensando): ¿Qué dirán los vecinos si los Potter aparecen por la acera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is your question, and that is why that &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; has an accent. Is an indirect question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also different to something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Dursley se estremecían al pensar que los vecinos dirían &lt;em&gt;XYZ&lt;/em&gt; si los Potter apareciesen por la acera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T18:46:55.783" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T18:46:55.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4674" CreationDate="2014-10-05T21:58:11.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, there are rules, but it is important to distinguish between the rules that govern Standard Spanish (which should be used in formal communication) and informal or dialectal Spanish — which still have rules, just different from the standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In general&lt;/em&gt;, the following table explains when to use each of the object pronouns in third person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     +------+------+ &#xA;     | Dir. | Ind. |&#xA;+----+------+------+&#xA;| ♂  | lo   | le   |&#xA;| ♂♂ | los  | les  |&#xA;| ♀  | la   | le   |&#xA;| ♀♀ | las  | les  |&#xA;| ⚲  | lo   | le   |&#xA;+----+------+------+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are circumstances where this table might change slightly and some of the changes are actually considered, due to their very high level of use, acceptable in Standard Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;lo/la&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is found across the Spanish-speaking world for a number of different reasons.  It is considered non-standard except in the following two exceptions:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When replacing a masculine and animate &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When replacing &lt;em&gt;lo/la&lt;/em&gt; that comes from &lt;em&gt;Vd.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Though the RAE recognizes that this is very common (especially by those that use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;), its usage is considered non-standard save for one exception:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When &lt;em&gt;los/las&lt;/em&gt; stands for &lt;em&gt;Vds.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is always considered non-standard and not very common, but you do hear it once in a while. Mainly it's by people who speak Asturian/Leonese who use neuter &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; for uncountable nouns in their language, or some Andean speakers whose native languages don't distinguish number/gender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La/las&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is always considered non-standard and common primarily in central Spain. For these speakers, &lt;em&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt; is masculine only rather than ambiguous, and &lt;em&gt;la/las&lt;/em&gt; become the feminine indirect object pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T01:15:27.557" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T01:15:27.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8775" CreationDate="2014-10-06T02:05:36.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The vocabulary, that's the main difference between books written in spanish. If the book doesn't have dialogues it is hard to tell the origin, but as I said, the vocabulary tells a lot of information but you have to know where those words are used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain computer is &quot;Ordenador&quot; and in America is &quot;Computadora&quot; or &quot;Computador&quot; depending on the country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example, but you can't easy tell from what country is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was once reading a book, and when I was reaching the end, I said &quot;Jeez, this book is from Argentina&quot;, I had completly forgotten that, I realized it because the character said &quot;I was drinking mate&quot;, mate is a popular drink in Argentina in a similar way as tea in England. You have to learn a lot of vocabulary and the country culture to catch the differences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The speaking parts are easier to identify, a quick look to the internet can help you. But even like that it could be kinda hard for you as a non native Spanish speaker. But the more books you read [and from different countries], the easier it is for you to see differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T22:52:44.903" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T22:52:44.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4572" CreationDate="2014-10-06T20:46:26.883" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both sentences are wrong in Spanish. In Spanish nobody uses these verbs in that sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence it can be constructed as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La fiesta fue en...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La fiesta tuvo lugar en...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La fiesta se celebró en...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the only synonym of &quot;ocurrir&quot; and &quot;suceder&quot; used is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La fiesta aconteció en...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5738" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T20:46:26.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8785" CreationDate="2014-10-07T05:29:07.673" Score="1" ViewCount="3231" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que busco en un diccionario inglés-español un verbo (en inglés), el diccionario muestra generalmente la preposición que acompaña a ese verbo, a veces suelen ser dos o más preposiciones. Es obvio que dependiendo de la preposición, el significado cambia, más si hablamos de los famosos &lt;em&gt;phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt;. Esto se puede ver en el mismo diccionario inglés-español para el caso del español, pero no se ve si voy a un diccionario de solo español. Me explico con ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt;, ¿qué preposición usualmente le sigue? &lt;em&gt;De&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cómo lo sabe? Porque lo vio en un diccionario (inglés-español o español), porque lo ha escuchado una y otra vez o porque quizás sabe que la traducción de &lt;em&gt;to depend on&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;depender de&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongamos otro verbo, &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Qué preposición usualmente le sigue? Me inclino por &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso en el trabajo que no hice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay más preposiciones &lt;strong&gt;permitidas&lt;/strong&gt;? Sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensa &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; mí?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pienso &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; mi corazón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pienso &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt; mi cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles de todas las preposiciones son las permitidas, las que tienen sentido para el verbo &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;? Al parecer varias, cada una de ellas realiza, por supuesto, su función, cada una cambia el sentido de la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo al verbo &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Hay construcciones que no tengan &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Hay alguna regla que lo dicte? Con el verbo &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; uno puede encontrar que le siguen preposiciones como &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt;. Con &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, le siguen preposiciones como &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt;. Un verbo más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ríen &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ríen &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ríen &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ríen &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt; ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que algunas suenan bien. Por eso mi pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se sabe qué preposición debe acompañar a un verbo para que tenga sentido la oración en español? ¿Hay alguna regla con respecto a ello?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2014-10-09T09:38:02.210" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T07:58:57.723" Title="Verbos con sus respectivas preposiciones" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8784" CreationDate="2014-10-07T07:55:29.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Has probado el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Esencial de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;? En los ejemplos de uso suelen escribir con mayúsculas las preposiciones propias de cada verbo: &quot;Soñe CON ella&quot;, &quot;Pensé EN ella&quot;, &quot;Hablé DE ella&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente, no aparecen todas. Muchas preposiciones con su significado propio genérico se pueden usar con casi cualquier verbo: &quot;Soñé sin ti&quot;, &quot;Comí sin ti&quot;, &quot;Dormí sin ti&quot;, &quot;Hablé sin ti&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu problema me recuerda al chiste del perro que comía con el rabo... porque ningún perro come sin él :-D. Lo que quiero decir es que hay básicamente tres tipos de preposiciones que acompañan al verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perífrasis&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo &quot;Voy A comer&quot;. Similar a los &lt;em&gt;phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, el significado del verbo cambia total o parcialmente cuando se usa con esa preposición. Estas perífrasis siempre vienen en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_de_r%C3%A9gimen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suplemento&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;complemento de régimen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Son complementos del verbo que llevan una preposición (a veces varias) específica para cada verbo. Deberían estar documentadas en el &quot;Diccionario Esencial&quot;. Por ejemplo: &quot;Eso depende DEl tiempo&quot;, &quot;Confía EN mí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complemento circunstancial&lt;/strong&gt;. Complementos del verbo con significado arbitrario, que pueden acompañar a cualquier verbo para el que tenga sentido su significado. En estos complementos la preposición es específica del complemento, no del verbo. &quot;Canto EN la ducha&quot;, &quot;Pienso EN la ducha&quot;, &quot;Me peino EN la ducha&quot;. Estos usos no están documentados en cada verbo, pues la lista sería interminable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T15:51:16.837" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T15:51:16.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8786" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8790" CreationDate="2014-10-07T13:05:44.047" Score="-1" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Duolingo, the phrase &quot;The water is not deep&quot; should be translated &quot;El agua no es profunda.&quot; instead of what I guessed, &quot;El agua no es profundo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;agua&quot; is masculine (el), shouldn't the adjective indicate that by having an &quot;o&quot; ending (rather than the feminine &quot;a&quot; ending?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Duolingo is correct (they probably are), why this seeming anomaly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T03:48:24.697" Title="Shouldn't agua be profundo instead of profunda?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-08T12:47:42.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8788" CreationDate="2014-10-07T13:12:17.650" Score="3" ViewCount="3950" Body="&lt;p&gt;Duolingo accepts &amp;quot;the lights went out&amp;quot; as a translation of &amp;quot;se fue la luz&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But shouldn't it be &amp;quot;the light went out&amp;quot; (singular)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked what &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.translate.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.translate.com/&lt;/a&gt; would say about it. According to that site, the phrase &amp;quot;the light went out&amp;quot; corresponds to &amp;quot;se fue la luz&amp;quot;, but it translated the plural form, &amp;quot;the lights went out&amp;quot;  as &amp;quot;apagaron las luces&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect it to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The light went out = se fue la luz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lights went out = se fue las luces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logic and/or consistency seem to be missing in both places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:34:23.490" Title="Can &quot;la luz&quot; be plural (lights) as well as singular (light)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8787" CreationDate="2014-10-07T14:03:41.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luz&lt;/em&gt; has of course a plural. Mind that the verb tense is correct in &quot;&lt;em&gt;se fue las luces&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but you need to use &lt;em&gt;fueron&lt;/em&gt;, 3rd form of plural, instead on the 3rd form of singular &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se fue la luz (or la X), pero (ella) ya volverá. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third person singular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se fueron las luces (or las XXXs), pero (ellas) ya volverán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third person plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the reasons I think you might have seen that difference in &lt;em&gt;fueron&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;apagaron&lt;/em&gt; (apart from the fact that language translations are not a mathematical process) is that &lt;em&gt;la luz&lt;/em&gt; would address to a single source of light (that lamp on my desk or in my room, for example). &lt;em&gt;Las luces&lt;/em&gt; would address to several sources of light, like in an office, that might be less prone to go out but to be turned off instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, in all the street lamps went out at the same time you could say bot &lt;em&gt;se fue la luz&lt;/em&gt; (the source of powers is missing or out_ and &lt;em&gt;Se fueron las luces&lt;/em&gt; (the street lamps went out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T14:03:41.987" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8787" CreationDate="2014-10-07T14:04:10.183" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say, &lt;em&gt;Light went out&lt;/em&gt;, translated to spanish is &lt;em&gt;Se fue la luz&lt;/em&gt; and means there were a cut in the energy system, it is &lt;em&gt;se fue&lt;/em&gt; because there is no energy, in Spanish &lt;em&gt;luz&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;light&lt;/em&gt; means both electricity and light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lights went out&lt;/em&gt; literally translated is &lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;fueron&lt;/strong&gt; las luces&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fueron&lt;/em&gt; has to be plural too. This translation sounds a little bit weird in in Spanish -I imagine some lights running away-. The meanings of this is that the lights were turned off, so the translation has to be &quot;Se apagaron las luces&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can translate the first phrase as &lt;em&gt;Se apagó la luz&lt;/em&gt; if you want to mean that a lamp got turned off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T13:17:49.723" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:17:49.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-10-07T14:10:14.013" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agua is feminine: &lt;em&gt;Agu&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. But we use &lt;em&gt;El&lt;/em&gt; in singular words that start with &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt; and have the strong syllable first. Plural would be &lt;em&gt;Las aguas&lt;/em&gt;. This is done because &lt;em&gt;La agua&lt;/em&gt; is hard to pronounce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="5597" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T03:48:24.697" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T03:48:24.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8792" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-08T02:22:39.507" Score="1" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería una expresion equivalente en español de la expresión anglófona &lt;em&gt;difficult cookie to crumble&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5745" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T03:03:19.007" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:43:15.800" Title="Cómo decir la expresión «difficult cookie to crumble» en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8792" CreationDate="2014-10-08T03:02:55.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una mezcla de dos expresiones en inglés (ojo: es más frecuente con &lt;em&gt;tough&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;difficult&lt;/em&gt;), pero últimamente no es infrecuente escucharlas así combinadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La principal es &lt;em&gt;a tough nut to crack&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente sería &lt;em&gt;una nuez difícil de partir/sacar&lt;/em&gt;) cuyo equivalente en español es &lt;em&gt;un hueso duro de roer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco una frase para decir &lt;em&gt;a tough cookie&lt;/em&gt; pero significa una persona tenaz, determinada, decidida, resistente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que depende del contexto exacto (si es una persona o una situación, si se quiere connotaciones positivas o neutra-negativas), la traduciría en una de aquellas maneras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T03:02:55.193" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8795" CreationDate="2014-10-08T10:44:15.620" Score="8" ViewCount="7780" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según tengo entendido, la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=gu%C3%A1cala&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guácala&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se usa para expresar asco:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Guácala! Hallaron partículas de excremento en agua mineral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esa palabra? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="119" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T10:54:49.053" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T10:56:13.223" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de 'guácala'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8794" CreationDate="2014-10-08T12:55:58.090" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que viene de la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=guacal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;guacal&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia el contenido de los guacales después de su uso es agua sucia. Esta agua sucia solían algunas personas lanzarlas por las puertas hacia la calle… el pasante ocasional y sin mucha suerte podía recibir esa ‘guacalada’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia palabra es en sí bastante onomatopéyica, por lo que de &lt;em&gt;guacal&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;gualcada&lt;/em&gt; se pasó a &lt;em&gt;guácala&lt;/em&gt; como exclamación para expresar asco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T10:56:13.223" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T10:56:13.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8799" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-08T21:45:06.787" Score="7" ViewCount="54459" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles serían las traducciones para la expresión &lt;em&gt;Deal with it&lt;/em&gt;? También pregunto traducciones que sean coloquiales, propias de cada país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T23:32:08.633" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T11:45:44.883" Title="Traducción de &quot;Deal with it&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-08T23:35:17.550" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aguántate. Te aguantas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La que mejor creo que se adapta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vive con ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o también puedes probar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supéralo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(no en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;hazlo mejor&lt;/em&gt;, si no &lt;em&gt;sobreponte&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T15:43:11.207" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T15:43:11.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-09T07:42:28.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Más bien coloquial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apáñate  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apáñate con esto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T07:42:28.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-09T20:53:39.767" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas las respuestas (y está también) son similares, añado tres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos extraídas de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=deal%20with%20it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acéptalo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=apechuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apechuga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para casos como &lt;em&gt;If you don't like it deal with it&lt;/em&gt; sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ajo y agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;loc. col. Expr.&lt;/strong&gt; que se usa para indicar resignación:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;tengo que estudiar y no puedo salir, así que ajo y agua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Por apócope eufemística de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a jo&lt;/strong&gt;derse &lt;strong&gt;y agua&lt;/strong&gt;ntarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todas depende del contexto ya que también se podría usar &lt;em&gt;cargar con el muerto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pagar los platos rotos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T11:45:44.883" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T11:45:44.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-09T23:38:08.857" Score="4" ViewCount="1138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say that recurring events are on certain days.  Since its an event, should it be a phrase with &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;?  Or since the events fall on certain days, do I use &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5760" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T09:21:24.543" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T09:21:24.543" Title="Should I use 'ser' or 'estar' to talk about when an event takes place?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-10-10T00:15:46.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jueves &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; el día que cenábamos pizza cuando yo era pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los jueves &lt;strong&gt;eran&lt;/strong&gt; los días que cenábamos pizza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; to refer when a event takes place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El domingo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; el día de ir a misa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T00:15:46.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-10-10T10:08:58.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Events took place on a determinate moment, but as far as you know that this is inmutable, you should use &amp;quot;Ser&amp;quot;. You only can use &amp;quot;Estar&amp;quot; in certain cases when you know that the event is susceptible to change it's schedule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La reunión &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; programada para el viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La reunión &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; el viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both phrases are equally valid, however, the first one implies that it could be changed. On this cases you always need a second verb to help you: &amp;quot;está programada&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;está prevista&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;está marcada&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is applicable for recurring events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los partidos de fútbol sala &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; los jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los partidos de fútbol sala &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; puestos los jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one implies that it is susceptible to change. The first one does not. It could change anyway, but when you use &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; you are stating that, to your knowledge, this is something that is not going to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T10:08:58.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-10-10T13:53:38.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia it's not common to translate the &lt;em&gt;&quot;Shit happens&quot;&lt;/em&gt; expression literally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As complement to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4875/11102&quot;&gt;datelligence's answer&lt;/a&gt; you may notice that &lt;em&gt;Shit&lt;/em&gt; isn't used in the translated expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some adequate translations can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esas cosas pasan. / Esas cosas suceden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T15:56:10.630" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T15:56:10.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-10-10T23:48:30.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Uruguay también decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es lo que hay. ¡Valor!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T15:12:33.230" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T15:12:33.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2014-10-11T19:05:54.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Andalucía, si tienes pinta de extranjero y pides una manzanilla, te responden &quot;No tengo encendida la máquina de agua caliente&quot;. Yo siempre tengo que añadir: &quot;...pero sin cucharilla ni azúcar&quot; para que me entiendan. La ambigüedad, de hecho, es total. Salvo si estás en una carpa de la Feria, claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5770" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T19:05:54.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-10-11T21:45:01.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want that some events happen a certain day, you have to use the word &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; is only used to declare a particular state or a process(time, position, condition, etc). However you can also use a second verb after &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; that works as an adjective to be able to substitute the verb &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los partidos de fútbol sala son los jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los partidos de fútbol sala están puestos los jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; is remarking the verb (adjetivized) &amp;quot;puestos&amp;quot;, for that reason we can use it in spite of ser, but estar only indicates a state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-12T00:01:14.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-12T01:07:08.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya que la pregunta no nos da ningún contexto, propongo otra forma de traducir la frase cuando la frase en inglés tiene el sentido de «hay un problema, y quiero que tú seas la persona que lo resuelva».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arréglalo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corrígelo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resuélvelo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al que, si se quiere ser más despectivo, puédese hacer pronomial y reforzar con un pronombre tónico explícito: &lt;em&gt;¡resuélvetelo tú!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra versión tal vez más formal podría ser &lt;em&gt;encárgate de ello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-12T03:16:17.657" LastActivityDate="2014-10-12T03:16:17.657" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9815" CreationDate="2014-10-12T17:33:00.627" Score="3" ViewCount="990" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy corrigiendo un texto sobre una película, tratando de ayudar a un amigo que está aprendiendo español, y tengo una duda sobre el uso del pretérito perfecto e imperfecto. Cuantas más vueltas le doy, más dudo. Incluso a veces el presente me parece válido también...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me encantó la película porque &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fue/era/es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; muy divertida. [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La escena final &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fue/era/es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la más emocionante, ya que el protagonista [...].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En general me encantó y la recomendaría a los espectadores porque &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fue/era/es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; adecuada para toda la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo cada vez que lo leo me parece que la opción adecuada es diferente :) ¿Sabríais decirme cuál sería la mejor opción en cada caso? Y sobre todo, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;P.D: planteo la pregunta así en forma de &quot;ejercicio&quot;, pero más que las opciones correctas me interesa una explicación de por qué...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T09:35:55.403" Title="Duda pretérito perfecto e imperfecto" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9813" CreationDate="2014-10-12T20:40:34.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación tendría que ver con las secuencias de tiempo que es un tema complicadísimo de describir con reglas fijas pero intento aplicar las ideas a tus oraciones para que tengas la idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me encantó la película …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí nos orientamos en la primera cláusula en el tiempo pretérito y las cláusulas que dependen de ella tienen que flexionarse relativas a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la razón por la que me gustó la película se podría describir como algo coetáneo con mi disfruto de ella, usamos el pretérito imperfecto (que también tiene el nombre de «copretérito», es decir, que ocurre mientras pasa una acción pretérita).  Si la razón es por algo ocurrido &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; de cuando la vi, usamos el pluscuamperfecto (también conocido como el «antecopretérito», es decir, antes del momento en que pasa una acción pretérita).&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  Si la razón es por algo que va a pasar, usamos o el condición (también conocido como el «pospretérito») o la secuencia perifrástica &lt;em&gt;ir a …&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usa &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;, la próxima cláusula (la que explica la anterior) tiene que someterse a estas reglas y así podemos entender la secuencia de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me encantó la película porque …&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;había leído&lt;/em&gt; (en que se basaba) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un tiempo antes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;leyera&lt;/em&gt; el libro (en que se basaba) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un tiempo antes&lt;/strong&gt; (muy poco común)&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hube visto&lt;/em&gt; la primera (en la serie) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;justo antes&lt;/strong&gt; (poco común)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt; con mis amigos (en el cine) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;saldríamos&lt;/em&gt; (para helado) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;íbamos a salir&lt;/em&gt; (para helado) &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son posibles otras formas porque contradicen la lógica temporal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me encantó la película porque …&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt; mis actores favoritos &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Los tiene ahora pero no cuando lo viste?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ganará&lt;/em&gt; un Óscar &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imposible saberlo en el momento, ¿te lo dijo tu ser futuro o algo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en la primera oración, optaría por «era».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda oración, dependerá de si, en esta parte del texto, se usa el presente histórico o no.  Si no, rigen las normas, pues, normales.  Si sí se usa, debe ser &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; y el resto de los verbos (después del &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;) se rigen bajo normas parecidas a las que expliqué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la tercera, es más interesante porque tenemos tres cláusulas.  De la primera, «me encantó», no depende ninguna otra oración.  La segunda está en el condicional que en este contexto, siendo no intercambiable con su forma perifrástica «iba a recomendar», está situado más o menos en el presente.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;  Por eso, seguir con el presente sería más recomendable, aunque serían admitibles las otras formas.  (pero nota que si tuviésemos un verbo con una situación temporal más definida como «recomendaré», «recomiendo», «recomendé», etc., las opciones sería más limitidas según la opción)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberlo explicado más o menos bien.  Yo también a veces doy vueltas pensando en qué tiempo debe ir algún verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Puede ser admitible el pretérito anterior, también conocido el antepretérito, cuando las acciones se ven como una secuencia (normalmente cuando la acción anterior pasa justo antes de la acción posterior).  Es bastante desusado en la actualidad.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. La situación precisa tanto temporal como modal del condicional es algo bastante discutida en la gramática española.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-12T20:40:34.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9813" CreationDate="2014-10-13T09:35:55.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, puedes usar el presente en los tres casos tranquilamente, porque la película sigue existiendo y sigue teniendo las mismas características. En el tercer caso, de hecho, no puedes usar otra opción: si utilizaras el pretérito, la estarías recomendando (para que la vean en el futuro) usando cualidades del pasado. Esa mezcla de futuro (aunque sea implícito) y pasado no funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las dos primeras opciones sí puedes usar un pretérito, aunque son un tanto diferentes. Para el primer caso no es correcto el indefinido, pues darías a entender que ya no tiene esa cualidad (ser muy divertida), cosa que no tiene demasiado sentido. Pero sí el imperfecto: hablas de una cualidad que tenía la película mientras la veías, pero no cierras la posibilidad de que la siga teniendo (de hecho, es de esperar que así sea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, en el segundo caso puedes usar las tres opciones, aunque con significados ligeramente diferentes. Si usas el indefinido, hablas de una cualidad del pasado; pero esto puede tener sentido si hablas de una situación concreta. Es decir: fue la más emocionante para ti en ese momento, tal vez por circunstancias especiales; pero eso no significa que lo sea en general. Si no, estamos de nuevo en el primer caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encantó la película porque &lt;strong&gt;era/es&lt;/strong&gt; muy divertida. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La escena final &lt;strong&gt;fue/era/es&lt;/strong&gt; la más emocionante, ya que el protagonista [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general me encantó y la recomendaría a los espectadores porque &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; adecuada para toda la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T09:35:55.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9835" CreationDate="2014-10-13T11:25:33.907" Score="4" ViewCount="1752" Body="&lt;p&gt;Investigando un poco sobre el análisis automático de textos, me interesó mucho esta parte de &quot;análisis sentimental&quot; (sentimental analysis / opinion mining). Me gustaría profundizar algo más en el tema (en inglés hay mucho contenido, pero no tanto en español) y tengo algunas dudas que tal vez alguien podría aclararme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce alguna clasificación abierta/libre de palabras según su positividad o negatividad en español? En inglés encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/views/publication_details.php?id=6010&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AFINN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, ¿existe alguna propiedad de las palabras en la lengua española que determine estrictamente si una palabra es negativa o positiva? Sé que serían muy pocas, ya que dependiendo de la frase, una palabra de connotación negativa puede tener una connotación positiva; pero por ejemplo: &quot;maldad&quot;, &quot;infierno&quot;, &quot;aterrador&quot; podrían considerarse palabras estrictamente negativas. Sé que es un tema bastante subjetivo, pero me gustaría saber vuestras opiniones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T07:48:37.687" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:48:37.687" Title="¿Existe alguna clasificación de palabras para determinar si son positivas o negativas?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-10-13T11:37:05.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I've heard is the verb &quot;caer&quot;, but this may be local usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los partidos de fútbol caen los jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T11:37:05.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9819" CreationDate="2014-10-13T17:17:43.613" Score="1" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading a book, and it says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«La felicidad conlleva la intimidad con la belleza(...)»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On wordreference, conllevar means &lt;em&gt;«Implicar, traer como consecuencia, acarrear»&lt;/em&gt;, however if I substitute in the original sentence, any of the supposed meanings, then I think something is lost. I get the feeling that, in this sentence, conllevar is more like 'bring' or something similar, that may give a feeling simultaneity, instead of cause and effect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I wrong? Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T13:01:21.597" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T13:01:21.597" Title="Conllevar, its meaning in this sentence" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-10-13T17:35:06.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are in the right track. The problem is that that sentence has quite an abstract meaning. Just with that sentence (and no context) is difficult for me too (native Spanish speaker) to grab the meaning, implications, etc. since it doesn't make &lt;em&gt;that much sense&lt;/em&gt; by itself. I actually disagree on that statement. It almost looks like something that came out of one of those &lt;em&gt;fortune cookies&lt;/em&gt; that don't really tell you your fortune, just a random statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happiness implies intimacy with beauty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it makes sense to you or if it does in the context of that book?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could play with some synonyms of &lt;em&gt;conllevar&lt;/em&gt;, thought, to get&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La felicidad abarca la intimidad con la belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La felicidad supone la intimidad con la belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La felicidad trae la intimidad con la belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them would keep having that abstract meaning, so you should see what works given you context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Encontré la cita (o un uso similar) en un libro de &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=uhgQJnpDKnIC&amp;amp;pg=PA98&amp;amp;lpg=PA98&amp;amp;dq=La+felicidad+conlleva+la+intimidad+con+la+belleza&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Qx3R7FOJxL&amp;amp;sig=wC8Fwq_SVV220CogQl7UsI1zckU&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=fEY8VJG2NKOSsQTKyoC4DA&amp;amp;ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=La%20felicidad%20conlleva%20la%20intimidad%20con%20la%20belleza&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tomás de Aquino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que no explica bien porqué afirma que la felicidad implica o va de la mano con la intimidad con la belleza. Hago la misma lectura de la frase: Si has encontrado la felicidad, tienes &lt;em&gt;intimidad con la belleza&lt;/em&gt;. Ahora, lo que no entiendo es el sentido de esto último, y no creo que tenga nada que ver con el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;conllevar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T21:47:23.517" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9822" CreationDate="2014-10-13T17:51:48.860" Score="3" ViewCount="23836" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la forma más idiomática de expresar la siguienta frase inglesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will cc you on the email. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas palabras de la informática o los negocios donde se utilizan palabras inglesas directamente como &lt;em&gt;marketing&lt;/em&gt; o el propio &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;cc&lt;/em&gt; me suena muy raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T14:59:09.370" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T14:59:09.370" Title="¿Cómo puede decirse &quot;To cc someone on an email&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-13T18:09:23.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría el verbo &lt;em&gt;incluir&lt;/em&gt;, o si es necesario ser muy preciso, &lt;em&gt;incluir con copia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T18:09:23.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-13T18:27:06.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te copio en el mail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es bcc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te agrego en copia oculta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T12:37:29.513" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T12:37:29.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-13T20:10:43.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he usado &lt;em&gt;Te pongo en copia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Te pongo en Cc&lt;/em&gt;, y nunca alguna de las otras propuestas. Sin embargo, es muy casual y no se tendría que usar con clientes, proveedores, etc... pero más bien con compañeros de trabajo o amigos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T12:10:31.710" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T12:10:31.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-10-13T20:24:32.373" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that this sentence wouldnt have been used by a native Spanish speaker. It has probably been a traduction error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use the word conllevar in that sentence, it is necessary to avoid the word &quot;la&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser feliz conlleva intimidad con la belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now means exactly the same as implica alltough the sentence is still a bit extrange. The complete sentence would also include a verb that could be estar o tener, but in spanish can be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastEditorUserId="6770" LastEditDate="2014-10-13T20:33:34.843" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T20:33:34.843" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-13T21:37:45.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que yo &lt;em&gt;incluyo&lt;/em&gt; a la gente en mis emails o &lt;em&gt;les pongo en copia&lt;/em&gt;, pero siempre que uso esas frases, quiero decir que van recibir el email, no que específicamente vayan en la línea de CC. Sin embargo, al incluir a alguien el copia &lt;strong&gt;oculta&lt;/strong&gt; queda muy claro que ese destinatario va en &lt;em&gt;CCO&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un ambiente de negocios puede ser importante la distinción de porqué te llega el correo (si estás directamente involucrado en algo, o más bien sólo necesitas estar al tanto o supervisar). Dicho eso, muchas de las interfaces de email en nuestro idioma tienen todos los vocablos en castellano, menos ese &lt;em&gt;carbon copy&lt;/em&gt;, y esa función no es más que otro &lt;em&gt;añadir destinatario&lt;/em&gt; cuando pasas el puntero sobre ella, o si consultas la ayuda del sistema. Alguna vez que he querido enfatizar eso, he dicho que alguien &lt;em&gt;iba en cc&lt;/em&gt;, tirando de anglicanismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Lopez estaba &lt;strong&gt;copiado&lt;/strong&gt; en mi correo sobre lo de la impresora, porque con estas cosas &lt;strong&gt;incluyo en copia&lt;/strong&gt; a todo el equipo. Al jefe de proyecto &lt;strong&gt;le puse también en CC&lt;/strong&gt;, para que se entere del problema el día que revise sus emails y para quede constancia, pero al de departamento le &lt;strong&gt;puse en copia oculta&lt;/strong&gt;, para que vea lo que hay sin que se enteren los otros de que lo sabe, y que hagan lo que hacen siempre...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T21:37:45.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-13T22:52:21.563" Score="3" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this sentence in a speech, and I don't think it makes sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que menos me gusta es viajando por avión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is least pleasing to me is traveling by airplane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure &quot;lo&quot; is necessary...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6778" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T08:43:11.517" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:43:11.517" Title="Is this the proper way of using &quot;lo que&quot;? &quot;Lo que menos me gusta es viajando por avión&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2014-10-13T23:18:35.780" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is correct and necessary.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a stand-in for the thing that is pleasing to you.  Without it, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; doesn't get parsed as what we in English think of as &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt;, rather as &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; and the entire clause becomes the subject, rather than just the thing that pleases you.  In other words, without the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, your sentences starts of saying &lt;em&gt;That it is least pleasing to me is…&lt;/em&gt; (or in other words, &lt;em&gt;The fact that it is least pleasing to me is…&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do, by the way, need an infinitive instead of a gerund with your last bit: &lt;em&gt;...es viajar por avión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T23:18:35.780" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2014-10-14T00:18:16.980" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may think of &quot;lo&quot; as the literal English equivalent if &quot;it&quot;.  Think about how this sentence would appear in straight English translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It that least pleases me is ....&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, of course, is more colloquially expressed in English as &quot;&lt;em&gt;What&lt;/em&gt; least pleases me is...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T00:18:16.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2014-10-14T01:30:46.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want a direct translation  you would write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que menos me gusta es viajar en avión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice  how you do not use Spanish endings &quot;-ando&quot;, &quot;-endo&quot; because you are describing something you do not like to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However here &quot;lo&quot; is necessary. If you do not use &quot;lo&quot; you would need to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta viajar en avión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T08:41:48.750" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:41:48.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9831" CreationDate="2014-10-14T04:27:21.617" Score="4" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una pregunta ya contestada anteriormente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8311/why-do-spanish-words-have-gender&quot;&gt;Why do Spanish words have gender?&lt;/a&gt;, se decía que es muy subjetivo asignar un género a una palabra extranjera que se integra al español. Si en la lengua original la palabra es masculina, en español quizás mantenga ese género. Por eso mi pregunta puede tener una respuesta muy amplia: ¿Cuál sería el género adecuado para &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TARDIS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TARDIS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T22:36:55.007" Title="Género para &quot;The TARDIS&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-14T04:54:14.263" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto dice Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La TARDIS es el producto del avanzado conocimiento de los Señores del Tiempo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y antes dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Es una nave de ficción&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una &lt;strong&gt;nave&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;máquina&lt;/strong&gt; del tiempo, ambas palabras son femeninas, por lo cual TARDIS tiene que estar en femenino también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T04:54:14.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8711" CreationDate="2014-10-14T15:12:07.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go with &quot;trozos&quot; for a casual talk, or &quot;porciones&quot; for a formal situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T15:12:07.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8792" CreationDate="2014-10-14T15:14:43.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin buscar la traducción literal, yo diría que el espíritu de la frase hecha vendría a ser similar a la de &quot;duro de roer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T15:14:43.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-14T15:28:42.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;CC&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;carbon copy&quot; en inglés y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copia_de_carb%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con copia&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en español. No hace falta traducirlo si no se quiere porque las siglas coinciden. Por tanto, puedes decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo mando con copia para Álvaro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de BCC, &quot;blind carbon copy&quot;, yo uso &quot;con copia oculta&quot;, CCO si te atreves a usar las siglas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy escribo al inspector, con copia oculta para ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T12:38:28.203" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T12:38:28.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9816" CreationDate="2014-10-14T15:44:19.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los adjetivos, que informan de una cualidad del sustantivo, tienen &lt;strong&gt;grados&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Positivo: muestra una cualidad sin cuantificarla ni compararla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparativo: establece una relación (Superioridad, igualdad, inferioridad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Superlativo: intensifica al máximo la cualidad expresada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni sustantivos ni adjetivos poseen en nuestra lengua cualidad alguna que denote su &lt;em&gt;polaridad&lt;/em&gt; (carga afectiva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde yo sé, no hay tal clasificación como la que necesitas para los sustantivos, y menos &quot;&lt;em&gt;oficial&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (que involucre a la RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que si estás diseñando un programa que haga un &lt;em&gt;análisis sentimental&lt;/em&gt; quizá tendrás que construir tu propia base de conocimiento y asignar tú mismo pesos a las palabras (como creo que have AFINN). Yo no he sido capaz de encontrar un sistema que categorize a las palabras, pero sí he encontrado programas que hacen este análisis sentimental (minería de datos para Twitter, procesamiento de lenguaje natural, etc.). Estos programas o estudios construyen su sistema de clasificación ellos mismos (cogen por ejemplo el diccionario de Microsoft Word y asignan valencias ellos mismos, como en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://tecnolengua.uma.es/doc2/sepln2010_sentitexta.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo de Sentiex&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi todos los programas de procesamiento de lenguaje natural, tesis sobre el tema, etc. que he podido encontrar por la red suelen seguir este enfoque. &lt;a href=&quot;http://nlp.uned.es/~jcalbornoz/papers/PhD_Thesis_2011.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta tesis&lt;/a&gt; cita un léxico (&lt;em&gt;SentiSense&lt;/em&gt;) que ellos mismos desarrollaron previamente. Quizá puedas contactar con alguno de los departamentos o estudiantes realizando estos programas o estudios y conseguir que te dejen usas sus sistemas de clasificación. Dado que son estudiantes de investigación, quizá no sea difícil conseguir que te dejen hacer uso de ellas, mientras les cites apropiadamente en cualquier cosas que tú realices como los desarrolladores de tales trabajos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T15:44:19.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-14T16:30:34.907" Score="0" ViewCount="44126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know Real Madrid fans say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hala Madrid&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to support the Real Madrid team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do F.C. Barcelona supporters say? Is there any instantly recognizable and distinctive phrase or chant, either in Spanish or in Catalan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6781" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T16:11:30.197" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T16:19:52.580" Title="What would be the equivalent of &quot;Hala Madrid&quot; for the Barça team?" Tags="&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-10-15T15:14:06.577" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9836" CreationDate="2014-10-14T17:36:39.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Barcelona F.C. supporters would prefer to say it in &lt;em&gt;Catalan&lt;/em&gt; rather than Spanish. Their chant is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visca Barça or Visca el Barça (which means &lt;em&gt;Viva el Barça / Long live Barça&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;ç&amp;quot; is pronounced /S/  &lt;code&gt;Visca el Barsa&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is not really a good answer in Spanish for your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to support this or any other team in Spanish you could say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arriba el Barça&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viva el Barça&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T16:19:52.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9839" CreationDate="2014-10-14T18:06:26.867" Score="1" ViewCount="1644" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an example, if I wanted to say &quot;it's 5:00,&quot; I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this not the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Están las cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is used for permanent / inherent qualities, which the current time is not. The current time is temporary (because it's always changing), so the verb should be &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. Right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6782" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T14:48:53.743" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T14:48:53.743" Title="Why is &quot;ser&quot; and not &quot;estar&quot; used for expressing the current time?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-10-15T15:13:14.713" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9838" CreationDate="2014-10-14T18:24:00.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of those expressions that you should not try to translate from a language to another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not actually asking about the time, but about the &lt;em&gt;hour&lt;/em&gt;. That &lt;code&gt;What time is it?&lt;/code&gt; is sort of &lt;code&gt;Which is the hour?&lt;/code&gt; when asked in Spanish, so you are identifying one of the 24 moments in which we have divided the day. We are not identifying a property of time, but one segment of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same way we don't say &lt;code&gt;qué es tu nombre&lt;/code&gt; si no &lt;code&gt;cómo te llamas&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;what is your name&lt;/code&gt; we don't ask &lt;code&gt;what time is it?&lt;/code&gt; as you do in English but sort of &lt;code&gt;which is the hour?&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;which is that moment of the day?&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Era&lt;/strong&gt; por la mañana cuando me encontré con Pablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; a mediodía cuando el sol está mas alto y cuando oscurece es porque &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; de noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; de noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are picking between the segments in which we divided the day, not a property that happened to the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only time you would hear that the &lt;em&gt;tiempo está&lt;/em&gt; is to talk or ask about weather, not time, and for the reason you said (mutability).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T19:12:08.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9841" CreationDate="2014-10-14T20:22:40.567" Score="0" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does it mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Pero teneis tema q t kemas o no?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I received this message from a person that lives in Basque country, but I see there some Spanish words. I don't understand anyway...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6783" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:22:24.920" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:22:24.920" Title="Meaning of &quot;teneis tema q t kemas&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-15T15:10:40.027" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9840" CreationDate="2014-10-14T20:51:21.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it is text-messaging, so the spelling is unique (economy of characters). It would be saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero tenéis tema que te quemas, o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure that that slang &lt;em&gt;tema que te quemas&lt;/em&gt; uses that rhyme to sound catchy and, without any context, I would assume that there something going on among a group of friends, for example, that has everyone rattled or unsettled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could have &lt;em&gt;tema&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt; somebody if you where having an affair or an ongoing intimate relationship. With one group it could be a discussion or situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;em&gt;que te quemas&lt;/em&gt; could actually be translated literally like to stress that the situation is &lt;strong&gt;hot&lt;/strong&gt;, either because is interesting, because people are getting to each other throats or the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T20:51:21.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9836" CreationDate="2014-10-15T05:48:02.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another alternative, in catalan, and widely used is &lt;em&gt;Força Barça&lt;/em&gt;. The chant is pronounced as &quot;Forsa Barsa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-15T12:03:49.473" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T12:03:49.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9844" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T15:08:56.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones son combinaciones de palabras a las que la cultura popular asigna un significado coloquial que puede variar del que se podría entender haciendo una lectura de los componentes de la expresión de manera literal, interpretando los componentes de la expresión de manera independiente o en un contexto diferente. Son combinaciones lexicalizadas de palabras que no permiten variación morfológica para mantener su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones normalmente tienen una combinación morfológica definida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hablar por los codos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es pan comido. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A lo mejor. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ponerse las pilas. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ver las cosas de color de rosa. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estar como un sonajero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:48:40.013" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:48:40.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9845" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T15:08:56.937" Score="0" Body="Combinación de palabras cuyo significado es normalmente coloquial y no literal. El conjunto de palabras no admite variación y puede tener un significado distinto al que se podría interpretar por la simple lectura de sus componentes, interpretación literal, o en un contexto diferente. // For questions about expressions, combinations of words whose meanings may not be literal." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="21356" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T20:37:55.250" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T20:37:55.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-15T15:10:22.767" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se dice &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bancatelá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manejalo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4183" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T21:10:40.900" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T21:10:40.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9847" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T16:34:53.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vocabulario o expresiones relacionadas con los deportes o actividades deportivas, tales como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nombre de un juego o deporte (fútbol vs. balompié)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conceptos o expresiones de juego (tiro libre, fuera de juego, tiempo muerto, prórroga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Equipamiento deportivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lugares de juego (cancha, pista)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designaciones de jugadores (portero, bateador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elementos de juego o del deporte (balón vs. pelota, podio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser útil etiquetar también con &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/vocabulario-t%c3%a9cnico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;vocabulario-t&amp;#233;cnico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;vocabulario-t&amp;#233;cnico&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name of a sport or game&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Concepts or expressions used in a game (e.g. free throw)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sports equipment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Places where sports are played (e.g. field, court)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Positions (e.g. goalie, batter)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elements of a game, e.g. golf ball, golf club&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T09:32:38.567" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T09:32:38.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9848" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T16:34:53.813" Score="0" Body="Vocabulario o expresiones relacionadas con los deportes o actividades deportivas.&#xD;&#xA;Vocabulary or expressions related to sports." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T09:32:38.567" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T09:32:38.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9849" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T17:50:24.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conceptos relacionados con los números, sistemas de numeración o cardinales y sus conceptos relacionados (género, uso, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Género de los números (el uno, el dos, el primero, la segunda,...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cardinales (cómo se lee o pronuncia 100º, 500ª, cuál es el cardinal de 432,...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo se numeran ciertos elementos como reyes (Alfonso XII), siglos o años y cómo se pronuncian.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudas sobre si es más correctos escribir una cantidad con números o letras dependiendo del contexto y circunstancias (son las 5 y media, son las cinco y media...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formas correctas de escribir un número (1000000, 1.000.000, 1.00, puntos o comas?, fracciones decimales, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions related to numbers, numeration, cardinals or pronunciation of numbers.&#xA;- Gender of numbers&#xA;- Cardinals (100º, 500ª, etc.)&#xA;- Numeration of certain things (such as kings, popes, centuries, ...)&#xA;- questions about writing a number with numbers or letters in a specific context&#xA;- correct way of writing a number&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-26T18:54:26.497" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T18:54:26.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9850" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T17:50:24.357" Score="0" Body="Números, numeración, cardinales, etc.&#xD;&#xA;Numbers, numeration, cardinals, etc." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-27T13:27:33.747" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T13:27:33.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9851" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T17:55:47.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso de los adjetivos y sus propiedades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo formar comparativos o superlativos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Posición del adjetivo en una frase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Género del adjetivo o concordancia del adjetivo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tipos de adjetivos o funciones sintácticas de un adjetivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use of adjectives and their properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparatives and superlatives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Position of an adjective in a sentence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gender of adjectives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Types or functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T14:05:36.877" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T14:05:36.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9852" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T17:55:47.173" Score="0" Body="Uso de los adjetivos y su propiedades. //&#xD;&#xA;Use of adjectives and their properties." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T14:27:16.723" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T14:27:16.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9853" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T18:00:08.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Discusión del significado o distintos significados de una palabra, o de sus distintos significados en distintos conceptos. Vocabulario específico relacionado con algo (ej. partes de una barco, términos de marinería). Palabras que signifiquen o sean sinónimos de un término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discussion about the meaning (or different meanings) of a word, or different meanings in different contexts. Specific vocabulary related to something (e.g. parts of a boat, sailing terms). Words having the same meaning or being a synonym to a given term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:45:16.173" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:45:16.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9854" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T18:00:08.750" Score="0" Body="Significado de una palabra, discusión de su significado según el contexto o vocabulario específico sobre un tema. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Meaning of a word, discussion of its meaning according to context or specific vocabulary on a topic." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:45:16.173" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:45:16.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9855" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T18:26:46.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pronunciación es el modo en el que una palabra o idioma es hablado, o la manera en la que alguien articula una palabra. Las preguntas marcadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/pronunciaci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt; deben ser dudas sobre las normas de pronunciación, la pronunciación correcta de una palabra, consejos de pronunciación (posición de la lengua o labios para lograr un sonido) o sobre cómo se pronuncia una palabra escrita (ejemplos: Felipe VI, el 500º), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronunciation is the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word. Questions marked as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/pronunciaci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt; must be doubts about the pronunciation rules, best or correct pronunciation of a word, pronunciation advice (position of lips and/or tongue) or how a written word is read/pronounced, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/pronunciaci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;pronunciaci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/245/12637&quot;&gt;Why is the “X” in México and Texas pronunced as the letter “J”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3/12637&quot;&gt;How to pronounce the consonants “y” and “ll”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1273/12637&quot;&gt;Can I learn to roll my R's?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T17:49:21.407" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T17:49:21.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9856" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T18:26:46.383" Score="0" Body="Normas o consejos de pronunciación. // Rules or advice about pronunciation" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T10:38:31.393" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T10:38:31.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9857" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:03:00.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con los distintos dialectos o variantes del Español en distintas zonas geográficas (Europa, América Latina, Filipinas, etc.). Distintos significados de una palabra en los distintos dialectos o la forma más correcta de decir algo en una determinada zona geográfica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about variations of Spanish according to different dialects or geographic areas. Different meaning of the same word in different forms of Spanish. Best way to say something in a specific Spanish-speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-26T18:53:18.337" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T18:53:18.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9858" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:03:00.167" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con los distintos dialectos o variantes del Español en distintas zonas geográficas (Europa, América Latina, Filipinas, etc.)&#xD;&#xA;Questions about variations of Spanish according to different dialects or geographic areas" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-27T13:27:09.833" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T13:27:09.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9859" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:05:29.300" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T05:53:09.053" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T05:53:09.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9860" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:05:29.300" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con nombres propios para designar a personas, lugares, eventos, empresas o cosas con un nombre singular.​ Se escribe con mayúscula.  Si es genérico, usa [sustantivos]&#xD;&#xA;Questions about names used for an individual person, place, or organization, spelled with an initial capital letter.  If the question is more general, use [nouns]." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T05:53:09.053" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T05:53:09.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9861" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:11:58.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con tratamientos (forma &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; frente a &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;) o cómo decir algo de manera educada. Tratamientos de personas o títulos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions related to the best way to address someone (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, Señor/señora) or asking something politely. How to address people by their title (don, doña, señor, señorita...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-03T11:10:21.070" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T11:10:21.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9862" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:11:58.460" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con tratamientos (forma **usted**), cómo dirigirse a alguien adecuadamente (Señor o señora) o cómo decir algo de manera educada.&#xD;&#xA;Questions related to the best way to address someone (_tú_ vs. _usted_, Señor/señora) or asking something politely." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-27T13:27:17.183" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T13:27:17.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9863" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:14:48.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de variantes del Español en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about variations of Spanish in countries from Hispanic America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider using also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/diferencias-regionales&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;diferencias-regionales&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;diferencias-regionales&lt;/a&gt;, as well as specific country tags such as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/argentina&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;argentina&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;argentina&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/m%c3%a9xico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;m&amp;#233;xico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;m&amp;#233;xico&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-03-04T08:46:15.277" LastActivityDate="2021-03-04T08:46:15.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9864" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:14:48.523" Score="0" Body="Preguntas acerca de variantes del español en Hispanoamérica. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Questions about variations of Spanish in countries from Hispanic America." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-03-04T08:46:15.277" LastActivityDate="2021-03-04T08:46:15.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9865" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:18:24.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso de los sufijos, clasificación de los mismos, variaciones en el significado de una palabra de acuerdo a distintos sufijos, elección de un sufijo para lograr un cierto significado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T14:25:59.883" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T14:25:59.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9866" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:18:24.240" Score="0" Body="Uso de los sufijos en Español." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:25:26.600" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:25:26.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9867" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:23:05.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con la música, instrumentos musicales, composiciones musicales, etc. y vocabulario específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T13:08:25.813" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T13:08:25.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9868" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:23:05.713" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con la música, instrumentos musicales, composiciones musicales, etc. y vocabulario específico." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:25:29.413" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:25:29.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9869" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:26:46.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con la manera apropiada de escribir una carta en distintos contextos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formas de dirigirse al destinatario, dependiendo de si se le conoce personalmente o no&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dónde y cómo poner la fecha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dónde y cómo poner las direcciones de destinatario y remitente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo despedirse adecuadamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo firmar adecuadamente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo estructurar adecuadamente la carta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo escribir una postal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:25:10.657" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:25:10.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9870" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:26:46.553" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con la manera apropiada de escribir una carta en distintos contextos." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:26:00.547" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:26:00.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9871" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:37:32.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con la manera correcta de mantener una conversación telefónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo iniciar la conversación y cómo despedirse. Formas de saludar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cómo dirigirse al interlocutor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expresiones comunes al hablar por teléfono.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T13:09:07.517" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T13:09:07.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9872" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:37:32.530" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con la manera correcta de mantener una conversación telefónica." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:24:53.337" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:24:53.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9873" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:47:30.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con el autor &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jorge Luis Borges&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T13:09:00.647" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T13:09:00.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9874" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T19:47:30.973" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con el autor Jorge Luis Borges." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T07:55:46.653" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T07:55:46.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9875" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T20:07:23.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre gentilicios o demónimos para denotar la procedencia geográfica de las personas (países, capitales, ciudades, pueblos, barrios, regiones, etc.) o la pregunta inversa (ejemplo: de dónde son los &lt;em&gt;onubenses&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about demonyms or names for people belonging to certain demographics: &quot;British&quot; for someone from Great Britain, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T09:05:12.153" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T09:05:12.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9876" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T20:07:23.897" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con gentilicios o formas de llamar a los habitantes de una región. || Questions about demonyms or ways to refer to somewhere's inhabitants." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T09:05:12.153" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T09:05:12.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9877" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-15T21:31:52.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con la forma de hablar inglés en los Estados Unidos y la influencia de distintos dialectos españoles. Percepción del idioma español en Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in the United States.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T06:43:49.007" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T06:43:49.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9878" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-15T21:31:52.150" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Estados Unidos / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in the United States." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T06:43:49.007" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T06:43:49.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9882" CreationDate="2014-10-16T05:20:37.763" Score="7" ViewCount="712" Body="&lt;p&gt;While studying the etymology of the word, I found that it comes from &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gryphus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the Latin for &lt;em&gt;griffin&lt;/em&gt;. In fact &lt;em&gt;griffin&lt;/em&gt; also happens to be one meaning of &lt;strong&gt;grifo&lt;/strong&gt;. And as we all know, &lt;em&gt;griffin&lt;/em&gt; is a mythical beast with the body of a lion and the head of an eagle. &lt;em&gt;Griffin&lt;/em&gt; is also the name of a species of vultures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't understand then is how &lt;strong&gt;grifo&lt;/strong&gt; became the Spanish for a water faucet. It seems random but I am sure there's some logic behind it. Anyone got any idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T14:56:46.027" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T13:38:38.263" Title="How did &quot;grifo&quot; become the Spanish for &quot;faucet&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9880" CreationDate="2014-10-16T07:10:30.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term grifo is relatively new regarding faucets. It looks like it started to be called like this when faucet makers started to build them representing a griffin, in the 18th century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T07:10:30.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9880" CreationDate="2014-10-16T13:12:59.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most probable cause is that drains in antique buildings, especially churches had different forms of fantastic animals, people or normal animals, and here is where griffins appears. In Italian there is &lt;em&gt;rubinetto&lt;/em&gt; and French has &lt;em&gt;robinet&lt;/em&gt;. Both with faucet meaning because of the same origin, fonts had sheep sculptures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see this site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?grifo&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?grifo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T13:12:59.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3410" CreationDate="2014-10-16T15:13:22.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;parce&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt; pero que de igual manera, tiene sus mismas connotaciones; un equivalente válido en inglés puede ser la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/parce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;buddy&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A su vez, la palabra &lt;em&gt;parce&lt;/em&gt; es la abreviación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/parcero#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;parcero&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amigo o compañero con quien se tiene mucha confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As complement, the word nigga would be interpreted as reference to black people, that said, the word buddy is more adequate for avoid reference to color skin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T21:35:38.400" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T21:35:38.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8792" CreationDate="2014-10-16T15:43:15.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español usamos la expresion principalmente &lt;em&gt;Hueso duro de roer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:43:15.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8711" CreationDate="2014-10-16T16:52:19.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the shape of the cake. Seriously!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;rodaja&quot; is usually round in shape, like a wheel (&quot;rodaja&quot; is related to &quot;rueda&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;rebanada&quot; is literally a &quot;slice&quot;; i.e., similar to a &quot;rodaja&quot;, but not necessarily round, like a slice of bread.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;pedazo&quot; or &quot;trozo&quot; (they're basically synonyms) can be of any shape. It's just a part of something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;porción&quot; is similar to &quot;pedazo&quot; and &quot;trozo&quot;, but is usually meant to be a well-shaped portion of something. I.e., the kind of triangle-shaped portions that you cut from pizza or round cheeses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, you can't go wrong using &quot;pedazo&quot; or &quot;trozo&quot;. &quot;Pedazo&quot; is more formal, &quot;trozo&quot; is more common. And if you are bold enough, &quot;cacho&quot; is another synonym; a bit rude, but fun in the right moment. Definitely recommended to impress your acquaintances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T16:52:19.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8711" CreationDate="2014-10-16T17:35:19.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina the most natural traslation is: &quot;Comí dos porciones de torta.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main translation of &quot;slice&quot; is &quot;rebanada&quot; or &quot;rodaja&quot;, but that only applies for transversal cuts (bread). And when it's very thin (ham, bologna) we say &quot;feta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T17:35:19.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9887" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-16T18:14:59.547" Score="4" ViewCount="9708" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say &lt;em&gt;I have a crush on you/her/him/them&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; in its &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; forms) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="776" LastEditDate="2014-10-19T23:32:28.557" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T19:08:50.547" Title="How do you express attraction to someone (like a crush)" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-21T07:35:48.653" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2014-10-16T18:28:46.093" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If informal you could go with &lt;em&gt;estar por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy por ti / Estoy por él o por ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &lt;em&gt;estar loco por&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;chiflado&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;me gusta&lt;/em&gt; the same way you use &lt;em&gt;crazy for&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;like somebody&lt;/em&gt; in English. Other informal forms would be &lt;em&gt;estar colado por alguien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;em&gt;colado&lt;/em&gt; por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say that somebody &lt;em&gt;te pone&lt;/em&gt; if he or she makes you feel &lt;em&gt;aroused&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa chica &lt;em&gt;me pone&lt;/em&gt;. Es guapísima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or that you are &lt;em&gt;prendido de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy prendido de esa chica desde que la vi por primera vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way of saying it formally would be saying that you like somebody or you are in love with them or attracted to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy enamorado de ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me siento atraído por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T18:37:49.117" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8648" CreationDate="2014-10-16T20:51:05.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia is common say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Botella de agua&lt;/strong&gt;: When you want a plastic bottle that contains water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image results for: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.co/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;ion=1&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=botella%20de%20agua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;botella de agua.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is more related the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantimplora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cantimplora&lt;/a&gt; for reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cantimplora:&lt;/strong&gt;  drinking water bottle designed to be used by hikers, campers, soldiers and workers in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T23:41:42.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2014-10-17T12:56:05.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustas mucho &lt;em&gt;(informal you)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta mucho &lt;em&gt;(him / her / formal you)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; added at the end actually decreases the intensity of the feeling, making it weaker than &lt;em&gt;Me gustas&lt;/em&gt;, which you could translate into &lt;em&gt;I like you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T12:56:05.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-17T16:18:22.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se emplean estas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Aguántate!  &lt;em&gt;(es una muy buena opción para contextos informales).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tendrás que apañarte/Apáñate como puedas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se interpreta como un desafío:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A ver, ahora trata con él/ella&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Veamos, encáralo/a&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahora afróntalo/a&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-25T02:00:18.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4353" CreationDate="2014-10-17T16:20:45.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es LOS AVESTRUCES. Por influencia del género femenino ave (las aves) solemos cometer el error de decir las avestruces. Según el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas (2005),  avestruz es voz  masculina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la granja logramos apreciar a los majestuosos avestruces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:36:45.040" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:36:45.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2014-10-17T16:26:35.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se traduce como &lt;code&gt;Me gustas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal vez te sientas incómodo cuando invites a salir a la persona que te gusta. &#xA;  (You might feel awkward asking your crush for a first date.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta una compañera de escuela. &#xA;  (I have a crush on my classmate.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T19:08:50.547" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T19:08:50.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8741" CreationDate="2014-10-17T16:34:02.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;        &lt;p&gt;La mejor manera&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;      &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EJEMPLO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to resolve the issue remains diplomatic negotiations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;La mejor manera de resolver la cuestión siguen siendo las negociaciones&#xA;    diplomáticas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T16:34:02.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2014-10-17T17:40:59.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some expressions you can use may be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es así&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cosas que pasan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No queda otra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así se dice en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T15:12:15.837" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T15:12:15.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9897" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-18T03:09:32.157" Score="1" ViewCount="15087" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debido a la inclusión de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;papichulo&lt;/strong&gt; en el nuevo diccionario de la RAE, mi pregunta es muy sencilla: ¿Qué significados y usos tiene la palabra &lt;strong&gt;papichulo&lt;/strong&gt;? Sé que el diccionario recoge el significado (aún no está en línea la última versión), pero quiero saber sus usos en cada país (que pueden ser diferentes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T20:50:44.233" LastActivityDate="2019-08-24T14:20:39.797" Title="Usos de la palabra &quot;papichulo&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9901" CreationDate="2014-10-18T08:43:48.523" Score="2" ViewCount="2145" Body="&lt;p&gt;The questions comes from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/197029&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Duolingo discussion&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence in that discussion is &quot;¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tiene tu&lt;/strong&gt; bebé?&quot; and the accepted answer is &quot;How many months old is your baby?&quot; or &quot;How old is your baby?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My initial translation of the sentence is &quot;How many months do you have your baby?&quot;, and thought 'tiene' is describing the person I'm asking question to; then I realized that 'tiene' (&lt;em&gt;3rd person polite&lt;/em&gt; *) doesn't match 'tu', and understand my answer is not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the sentence is &quot;¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tienes tu&lt;/strong&gt; bebé?&quot; or &quot;¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tiene su&lt;/strong&gt; bebé?&quot;, can we translate it to &quot;How many months do you have your baby?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: * I meant '2nd person polite'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5568" LastEditorUserId="5568" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T06:26:29.683" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T06:26:29.683" Title="The meaning of &quot;¿Cuántos meses tienes tu bebé?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9898" CreationDate="2014-10-18T11:38:50.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, the subject to &quot;tiene&quot; is &quot;bebé&quot;. The &quot;tu/su&quot; is a posesive. Thus, the verb must be third person singular, even if it is my baby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation would be: &quot;How many months does your baby have?&quot;. Note the third person in &quot;does&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead you want to say &quot;For how long have you had your baby?&quot; The nearest phrase to the original Spanish would be &quot;Cuánto tiempo has tenido a tu bebé?&quot;. An awkward way to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2014-10-18T11:49:45.473" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T11:49:45.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-18T12:20:44.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my country (Northern Spanish) we say sometimes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acostúmbrate &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like also the slightly negative and very colloquial &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te aguantas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T15:46:39.810" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T15:46:39.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9898" CreationDate="2014-10-18T13:15:03.027" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem understanding the meaning of “¿Cuántos meses tienes tu bebé?” lies in the difference between &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt; which is a third person of singular and &lt;em&gt;tienes&lt;/em&gt; which is second person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses tienes tu bebé?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does not make sense. Odds are that the speaker really wanted to ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; tu bebé?” “¿Cuántos meses (o años) &lt;strong&gt;tiene él o ella&lt;/strong&gt;?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to enquire about the age, in months of the baby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos X &lt;strong&gt;tienes&lt;/strong&gt;?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;enquires the person you are talking to (&lt;strong&gt;tienes&lt;/strong&gt; is second person, so you are asking &amp;quot; blablabla ... &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; ...&amp;quot; not &amp;quot; blablabla... &lt;em&gt;him/her&lt;/em&gt;...&amp;quot;)  &lt;em&gt;how much of something&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses tienes para terminar la tesis?” / How long do you have to finish your thesis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you want to ask &lt;strong&gt;for how long&lt;/strong&gt; they had something, you need to make use of the &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; preposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; cuántos meses has tenido dolor en el pecho?” / &lt;strong&gt;For&lt;/strong&gt; how long have you had pain in your chest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So remember:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos años &lt;strong&gt;tienes&lt;/strong&gt; (tú)?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; él o ella?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tenemos&lt;/strong&gt; (nosotros) para terminar el proyecto?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tenéis&lt;/strong&gt; que esperar (vosotros) para saber el resultado?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“¿Cuántos meses &lt;strong&gt;tienen&lt;/strong&gt; tus gemelos (ellos)?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T13:15:03.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9902" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9906" CreationDate="2014-10-18T22:40:35.510" Score="1" ViewCount="2606" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a popular (and probably exclusively) guatemalan expression: &lt;em&gt;deplano&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de plano&lt;/em&gt;; meaning &lt;em&gt;probably&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;surely&lt;/em&gt;, analogue to &lt;em&gt;seguramente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example (provided for completion purposes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Dónde está Juan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Deplano se fue a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this might be a too colloquial or informal word to have its own official spelling, but I still wonder if there is a &quot;proper&quot; way to write it. My gut tells me it should be written as a single word, but it's easy to get orthography wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you know of other places where it's said, please comment!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T19:54:17.860" Title="How to properly write &quot;deplano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-18T23:35:54.620" Score="2" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a very useful word in German, Norwegian and other languages that's used to respond to negative questions in a way that the contrary of the question is expressed. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Hast du keinen Namen? (Don't you have a name?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Doch! (I do!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Guatemalan Spanish there is an equivalent, namely &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;, used in colloquial speech and normally frowned upon (regarded as incorrect by many, yay presctivism) when used in that sense, and I was wondering if other Spanish dialects feature such a word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En alemán existe una palabra muy útil que se utiliza para responder a preguntas negativas expresando el contrario de la oración. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Hast du keinen Namen? (¿No tienes nombre?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Doch! (¡Sí lo tengo!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español guatemalteco existe un equivalente: &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;, usada generalmente en lenguaje coloquial y vista mal por muchas personas (yay, prescriptivismo) cuando se utiliza en ese sentido. Me preguntaba si existe algún equivalente en otros dialectos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks/Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-10-19T14:46:46.183" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T13:54:21.963" Title="Equivalent of &quot;doch&quot; (German) or &quot;jo&quot; (Norwegian) in Spanish dialects" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9902" CreationDate="2014-10-19T00:21:37.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @David explains in his comment it is written &lt;em&gt;de plano&lt;/em&gt;.It is not written as a single word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;going straight to the point&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T00:21:37.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2014-10-19T00:38:31.100" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La historia de la palabra &lt;em&gt;papichulo&lt;/em&gt; se puede remontar a uno de los primeros temas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reguet%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reggaetón&lt;/a&gt;; el siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVsYckNXYqM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tema musical&lt;/a&gt; hace uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;papichulo&lt;/em&gt; (el cual adquirió una gran popularidad por aquellos tiempos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/entretenimiento/musica-y-libros/presentan-el-nuevo-diccionario-de-la-real-academia-espanola-rae/14694858&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;, el significado de &lt;em&gt;papichulo&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Papichulo:&lt;/strong&gt; En el lenguaje coloquial de México, Paraguay y Puerto Rico, papichulo es un &amp;quot;hombre que, por su atractivo físico, es objeto de deseo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso en Colombia no es diferente al trasmitido por el reggaetón, aunque no es muy frecuente escuchar esta palabra (pero no por ello olvidado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente, he escuchado otros términos para referirse a este tipo de hombres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Galán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Guapo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=pap%E1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Papacito&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/churro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Churro &lt;sub&gt;amer. col. Persona guapa o atractiva.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T20:36:03.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9902" CreationDate="2014-10-19T00:39:25.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an adverbial phrase written as two words.  It's somewhat recognized in the DRAE, via the judicial sense of &lt;em&gt;de plano&lt;/em&gt; meaning &quot;Que se adopta inmediatamente y sin trámites&quot; (&lt;em&gt;plano. de plano. 3.&lt;/em&gt;) which was likely picked up and used more colloquially, converting it from an adjective phrase to an adverbial along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T00:39:25.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2014-10-19T02:21:47.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México jamás he oído esa palabra como un todo. La &lt;strong&gt;frase&lt;/strong&gt; la recuerdo el reggaetón de hace años. &lt;em&gt;Papi chulo&lt;/em&gt; [Así con espacio] lo entiendo como &lt;em&gt;papi&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;tú hombre atractivo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt; significando hermoso pero de eso a que aparezca en el diccionario es una reverenda tontería. Hay palabras más relevantes, con más historia y que REALMENTE se usan que siguen en discusión sobre si deberían estar o no en los diccionarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T02:21:47.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2014-10-19T03:34:06.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;I have a crush on him/her&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llama la atención &lt;em&gt;[name here]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is kinda vague, the beginning, your fellings are not much clear, or you don have enough courage to accept it. Like the first thoughts. You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me atrae&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it can be understood as sexual atraccion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one, depending on what you're saying means that you like him/her or you just have a crush but again is &lt;em&gt;I have a crush on him/her&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta &lt;em&gt;[name here]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I have a crush on them&lt;/em&gt;, this is  unclear for me but it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llaman la atención&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me agradan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the formal and informal thing, I don't thing there's any. If you are saying that to someone you are not going to be &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; I mean, there are more informal forms of saying that but I think that It's better not to use them. They're not bad but I think that being informal on this has to be very special, an especific context, especific person, specific mutual history, you can realx and say what you want but, again, it is a special way of doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example, you know a girl, you have been like, &amp;quot;I like you...&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Me too&amp;quot; but only in thoughts. And then you finally have the courage and ou are very close, so you can say [This is an example, it can be very different depending the people]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya pa que nos andamos con rodeos, te gusto y me gustas, ¡andemos chingao!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanslation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's stop going around, you like me and I like you, ¡Let´s be a couple god damn it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, kinda hard to translate. I want to add that &amp;quot;Andar&amp;quot; is being girlfriend and boyfriend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira, Juan y María.&#xA;¿Andan?&#xA;Sí, hace dos días él se le declaró y ahora son novios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, &lt;em&gt;declararse&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;em&gt;Would you like to be my girlfriend?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T03:34:06.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9903" CreationDate="2014-10-19T14:43:26.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar &lt;em&gt;Claro que sí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿No vienes con nosotros?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Claro que sí, ¡vengo! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="776" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T14:43:26.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-19T16:44:10.973" Score="1" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay, so I have this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuando La Segunda Guerra Mundial había terminado...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this translates to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;When World War II had ended...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know the difference between these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;había terminado (had ended)&#xA;terminó (ended)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, should I be using &lt;code&gt;hubo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6778" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T17:15:02.683" Title="Difference between terminado and terminó" Tags="&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-21T23:24:28.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9910" CreationDate="2014-10-19T17:15:02.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TERMINADO&lt;/strong&gt; (EJEMPLOS - EXAMPLES)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. -No conecte la unidad al suministro de corriente sin haber TERMINADO de armarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. -Do not connect to power supply until assembly is COMPLETE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TERMINÓ&lt;/strong&gt; (EJEMPLOS - EXAMPLES)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. -Su mandato TERMINÓ en 1999 con infinitos escándalos de corrupción y una recesión económica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. -His mandate ENDED in 1999 amid a vast array of corruption scandals and an economic recession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T17:15:02.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-10-19T17:19:28.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;by the time&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; really means that the first event already happened when the second event took place. Using the OPs example: &quot;by the time we called the police she was driving away&quot; means &quot;cuando llamamos a la policía, ella ya se iba&quot;. Unfortunately, my translation does not use any idiomatic flavor, which I think is what the OP is really looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hasta al momento&lt;/strong&gt; que llegó la policia...&quot; means the same thing, please tell me, because to me it sounds like: &quot;Up until the moment the police arrived&quot; rather than &quot;by the time the police arrived&quot; which are quite different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T17:19:28.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-10-19T19:28:40.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It personally feels very natural to leave the &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; out. I'd probably use that version most of the time. Had I never read this question, I would've thought it was perfectly standard to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this could be a regional thing, but I would translate &lt;em&gt;by the time&lt;/em&gt; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentence would end up being&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando me tomé la píldora, ya se me había quitado el dolor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how I changed up the tense, otherwise it would sound weird, at least in my dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T19:28:40.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5796" CreationDate="2014-10-19T21:52:22.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE, en la América Central y el Méjico, &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; también tiene el significado de &lt;em&gt;no antes de&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto, cabe tal acepción porque sería como si dijésemos &lt;em&gt;No antes de que tomé la píldora, se me quitó el dolor&lt;/em&gt; (que bueno, así para mi suena mejor en reverso &lt;em&gt;se me quitó el dolor no antes de que tomé la píldora&lt;/em&gt; pero no cambia su sentido)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accrding to the DRAE, in Central American and Mexico, &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; also can mean &lt;em&gt;no antes de&lt;/em&gt; (no sooner than).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That definition actually works, since we'd effectively be saying &lt;em&gt;No antes de que tomé la píldora, se me quitó el dolor&lt;/em&gt; (No sooner than I had taken the pill, my pain went away).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T00:04:24.983" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T00:04:24.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4831" CreationDate="2014-10-21T06:15:06.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los primeros dos casos, al responder sólo SÍ o NO, son oraciones unimembres, donde el resto de los significados son tácitos (implícitos, no nombrados). Si yo pregunto &quot;¿Llueve?&quot; al responderme &quot;Sí&quot; significa &quot;Sí llueve&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que ante ciertos casos, esas respuestas son ambiguas? Un caso obvio sería que yo pregunte, &quot;¿Tu mascota es perro, o gato?&quot; y me respondan &quot;Sí&quot;. Puede ser tanto &quot;Sí es perro&quot;, &quot;Sí es gato&quot; e incluso &quot;Sí, es perro o gato, pero no sé cuál de los dos es?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, responder &quot;Sí&quot; a &quot;¿No tenés frío?&quot; puede significar &quot;Sí, no tengo frío&quot; o &quot;Sí tengo frío&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso una persona más &quot;digital&quot; se inclinaría hacia la segunda acepción (que estás respondiendo a toda la pregunta), y una persona más &quot;analógica&quot; por la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para saber qué es más común depende de la pregunta y no es algo que haya reglas fijas, sino más bien &quot;sentido común&quot; (aprender mediante la experiencia qué quiso decir el otro). Por eso, si bien tanto la pregunta, como cualquiera de las respuestas (&quot;sí&quot; o &quot;no) son correctas, son malas preguntas y malas respuestas (sin llegar a ser incorrectas) porque son ambiguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar de eso, hay formas de evitar esa ambigüedad. La primera es evitando la negación. La segunda (si se requiere preguntar en forma de negación), es &quot;Es cierto que no tenés frío.&quot; o, mejor aún, &quot;¿Es verdadero o es falso que no tenés frío?&quot; (y esperar una respuesta del tipo verdadero/falso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T06:15:06.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2014-10-21T22:25:00.170" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Countries like Spain don't use usted because when they broke free from a one-party (communist) government they wanted everyone to be the same so they referred to everyone as Tu because they felt if you used usted then that would mean someone is higher then someone else and they wanted everyone to be equal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6813" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T22:25:00.170" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9922" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9923" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" Score="0" Body="Los términos distinción, seseo y ceceo son usados para describir la oposición entre dialectos que distinguir las fonemas /θ/ y /s/, y las que exhiben una fusión de los dos sonidos (neutralización) en cualquiera /s/ (seseo) o [s̄],  una sibilante fricativa similar a /θ/ (ceceo)." OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T00:02:53.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:19:42.077" Score="1" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy cambiando muchos &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/tags&quot;&gt;tags&lt;/a&gt; de inglés a español, pero encontré uno (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/semantic-range&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;semantic-range&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;semantic-range&lt;/a&gt;) que no sé, y Wikipedia no tiene la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alcance semántico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no tengo confianza en Google para términos tetánicos así.  ¿Cómo se dice eso en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T02:52:33.537" Title="¿Cuál es la traducción de &quot;semantic range&quot; a español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9924" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:31:17.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No encuentro mucho pero aparentemente &quot;Semantic Range&quot; tiene el mismo significado que Polisemia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T00:31:17.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9924" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:31:28.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Paréceme que normalmente las formas usadas en castellano son &lt;strong&gt;gama semántica&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ámbito semántico&lt;/strong&gt; o, como indica Google, &lt;strong&gt;alcance semántico&lt;/strong&gt;, y menos frecuentemente &lt;strong&gt;rango semántico&lt;/strong&gt; (principalmente pero no exclusivamente en traducciones del inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=gama+sem%C3%A1ntica%2Crango+sem%C3%A1ntico%2C%C3%A1mbito+sem%C3%A1ntico%2Calcance+sem%C3%A1ntico&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cgama%20sem%C3%A1ntica%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Crango%20sem%C3%A1ntico%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%C3%A1mbito%20sem%C3%A1ntico%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Calcance%20sem%C3%A1ntico%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google N-Grams&lt;/a&gt;, en los 70, disfrutaban de una frecuencia de uso casi igual.  Hoy en día, es claramente preferido «ámbito semántico», seguido por «alcance semántico» y ese por «gama semántica».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que, a «hojear» (si se puede en Internet) los artículos que usan &lt;em&gt;ámbito semántico&lt;/em&gt; a mi parecer también refieren a las estructuras gramaticales en vez de solo las palabras en sí (es decir, su significado en contextos metafóricos, etc).  Puede que ello anule un poco los resultados de los N-Grams, dependiendo del contexto.  Gama semántica parece ser más el término por sí solo, y alcance semántico de uso entre los dos.  Tendría que leer algunos más profundamente para dar una respuesta más precisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T01:05:23.523" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T01:05:23.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9924" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:46:03.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Semantic Range&lt;/code&gt; se refiere al alcance de una palabra semanticamente.  Eso significa la cantidad de usos en que una palabra puede ser utilizado, con diferentes contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para explicarlo mejor:&#xA;Es una cantidad de 'sinónimos' de una palabra.  No necesariamente sólo sinónimos sino diferentes distintos contextos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ver a &lt;code&gt;pasar&lt;/code&gt;.. Tiene muchos alcances semánticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transmitir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;experimentar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;moverse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poder entrar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;terminarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tolerar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desaprovecharse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cesar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchísimas palabras más...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;pasar(se)&lt;/code&gt; lleva 10.  Su &lt;code&gt;alcance semántico&lt;/code&gt; es 10... hipotéticamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para contestarte, la traducción es &lt;code&gt;Alcance semántico&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bit.ly/1yWvXfL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aquí es mi fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T01:02:49.177" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T01:02:49.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4128" CreationDate="2014-10-22T00:59:14.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not believe it risks extinction whatsoever.  The &lt;code&gt;¿&lt;/code&gt; is a powerful tool in the Spanish language.  The character allows a reader to know exactly when a question is being initiated.  It prepares the reader, whereas, in English we tend to get lost within a sentence sometimes, whether it be a typo, curiosity about the validity of the grammar, spelling, rhetoric , etcetera.  We have many many distractions in the English language like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better question would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Why doesn't English utilize the `¿` or `¡`?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot seem to find any studies about the opening upside-down question mark going &quot;extinct&quot;.  Apparently though, from this source&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://parles.upf.edu/llocs/cr/casacd/intcs.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://parles.upf.edu/llocs/cr/casacd/intcs.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... the opening question mark can be omitted, but it will not make the phrase a question per se.  The remaining &lt;code&gt;?&lt;/code&gt; at the end would indicate irony, surprise, emphasis.  It also must be inside parenthesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A mi hijo le gustan los champiñones (?) inundados en chocolate (!)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rules of the Spanish language aren't going to change anytime soon as far as I believe.  Professionally published writings will most likely always continue to use the opening and closing question (or exclamation) marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T02:59:27.617" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T02:59:27.617" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9930" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-22T15:01:38.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Relativo al gusto, elegancia o distinción en la manera de hablar o de escribir o al carácter propio de un autor o hablantes de un zona geográfica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related to the taste, gracefulness or distinction in the speech or written language, or related to the character of an author or the speakers of an area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T13:48:26.723" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T13:48:26.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9931" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-22T15:01:38.197" Score="0" Body="Relativo al gusto, elegancia o distinción. Related to the taste, gracefulness or distinction." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T13:48:21.503" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T13:48:21.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4395" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:00:58.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to search the answer in the original word: &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt;. In Spain we have to basic meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) (adj.) cool, nice (thing),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) (adj. normally used as a noun) arrogant, conceited (person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the apparently opposite meanings of the word &lt;em&gt;chulada&lt;/em&gt; seem to have a reasonable origin, and it's another matter to find the origin of the meanings of &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, I would rather use &lt;em&gt;chulería&lt;/em&gt; than &lt;em&gt;chulada&lt;/em&gt; (for the &quot;bad&quot; meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos que buscar la respuesta en la palabra original: &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt;. En España tenemos dos significados básicos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)(adj.) guay, lindo (objeto),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)(adj. normalmente sustantivado) arrogante, prepotente (persona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, la aparente contradicción entre los significados de la palabra &lt;em&gt;chulada&lt;/em&gt; parece tener un origen razonable, y es otra cuestión encontrar el origen de los significados de &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, yo usaría &lt;em&gt;chulería&lt;/em&gt; antes que &lt;em&gt;chulada&lt;/em&gt; (para el significado &quot;malo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T22:21:55.117" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T22:21:55.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9941" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:11:46.120" Score="4" ViewCount="6932" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is more commonly used to say twenty-two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;veintidós&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know for numbers above 30 that the first example is always the case. I am also wondering about 16-19.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5610" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T15:24:21.223" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T15:24:21.223" Title="Veinte y * vs. Veinti*" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:25:35.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;veintidós&lt;/em&gt; (22) is correct, &lt;em&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/em&gt; is not.&#xA;It is written in a single word (always) from &lt;em&gt;dieciséis&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;veintinueve&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.donquijote.org/spanishlanguage/spanish-numbers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.donquijote.org/spanishlanguage/spanish-numbers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T22:25:35.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9935" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:34:17.803" Score="2" ViewCount="793" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would it be correct to say, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy es llueve, salvos afortunadamente, manana es hace sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when trying to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today is rainy, but &lt;strong&gt;thankfully&lt;/strong&gt; tomorrow is sunny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what would I say instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6818" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T16:31:47.017" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T20:37:37.007" Title="&quot;Thankfully&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9935" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:42:14.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy llueve, pero por suerte mañana estará soleado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Today is rainy:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Hoy está lloviendo / Hoy llueve&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;present tense.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;but thankfully:&lt;/em&gt; pero por suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomorrow is sunny:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;mañana estará soleado&lt;/strong&gt; (since &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; is in future tense, the predicate will be too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T23:13:23.390" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T23:13:23.390" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-22T22:46:53.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Veintidós&lt;/em&gt; is by far the most common as that matches the pronunciation of (as far as I know) every single Spanish-speaker.  It used to be acceptable to say &lt;em&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/em&gt; and you'll probably see it still once in a while, but as of the 2002 DPD, they are considered antiquated and recommended to be avoided though not strictly incorrect.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  It's curious to note that the 22nd DRAE defines &lt;em&gt;veintidós&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/em&gt;, but in accordance with the DPD's recommendations, the 23rd DRAE changes that to &lt;em&gt;veinte más dos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing &lt;em&gt;diez y seis&lt;/em&gt; in separate words is even more outdated because the &lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt; component is at this point completely destressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, numbers above 30 &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be written as a single word, just make sure you don't omit the &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;treintaicinco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sesentaisiete&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;noventaiún&lt;sub&gt;/uno/una&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  I would only recommend it if you're a native and actually pronounce the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;veinte&lt;/em&gt; and/or realize two separate fully stressed syllables as in &lt;em&gt;véinte y siéte&lt;/em&gt;.  These days, most everyone destresses the first syllable (&lt;em&gt;veinte y siéte&lt;/em&gt;) and raises the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;veinti ̮y siete&lt;/em&gt;), both of which are cause for merging into a single word.  If you do either, or if you are a non native, you should only ever consider using the single word.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T01:31:30.420" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T01:31:30.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9943" CreationDate="2014-10-22T23:31:44.543" Score="2" ViewCount="710" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today is cold and raining, but thankfully tomorrow is sunny and a little bit cloudy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be correct?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy es hace frio y llueve, pero por suerte mañana va a hace sol y un poco nublado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6818" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T15:16:19.997" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T08:07:30.980" Title="&quot;Today&quot; and &quot;Tomorrow&quot; with the weather" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9903" CreationDate="2014-10-22T23:52:50.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existe un equivalente en español para eso. Realmente, &lt;em&gt;doch&lt;/em&gt; es algo que tienen en alemán pero en español -yo te hablo de, al menos, español de España- no lo tenemos. (Omito tu apunte sobre el dialecto guatemalteco porque no lo conozco y además es algo muy localizado.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hacemos entonces? Es algo muy relativo y no sé si podríamos poner una norma. Veamos cómo nos las apañamos sin el &lt;em&gt;doch&lt;/em&gt; con algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No coges el ascensor? -No, subiré por escaleras, gracias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-Hace un día muy bonito, ¿no crees? -Sí, lástima que tenga faena en casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-Hace un día muy bonito, ¿no crees? -No, con este sol ¡hace un calor espantoso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-Tienes frío, ¿no es así? -No, tengo calor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-Tienes frío, ¿no? -Sí, ¿ponemos la calefacción?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No tienes frío? -No, para nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -No, qué va, ¡me encanta!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -Qué va, ¡me encanta!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -¡Qué dices! ¡Pero si es perfecto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -No, la verdad es que no mucho...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No quieres más? -¡Sí, sí! Ponme un poco más, por favor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No quieres más? -No, estoy lleno, gracias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No tendrías unas entradas para mi amigo? -Sí, me han sobrado dos, aquí tienes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No tienes más que esos ejemplares? -No, en la trastienda tengo más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No tienes más que esos ejemplares? -Sí, en la trastienda tengo más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No tienes más que esos ejemplares? -Pues no, esta semana es todo lo que hay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No me dijiste que no querías venir? -No, yo no dije tal cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, es muy relativo... Podríamos establecer una protonorma, que contaría con varias excepciones no regladas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caso (A). Preguntas del tipo: ¿No + verbo + complementos? Son equivalentes a: ¿Verbo + complementos?&#xA;Ejemplos:&#xA;-¿No coges el ascensor?&#xA;-¿No tienes frío?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excepción: &lt;em&gt;¿No tienes más que esos ejemplares?&lt;/em&gt; Una respuesta como: &lt;em&gt;No, en la trastienda tengo más.&lt;/em&gt; tiene cabida, aun siendo también posible: &lt;em&gt;[Pues] No, esta semana es todo lo que hay.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera respuesta niega la negación de la pregunta -o sea, negamos la totalidad de la pregunta-, mientras que la segunda respuesta niega la pregunta sin el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; -o sea, como si siquiera la norma. La primera respuesta podría venir acompañada de una pronunciación que reforzara el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;, marcando que negamos la pregunta en su totalidad. Pero ha de venir con una aclaración después: si respondiéramos sólo &lt;em&gt;No.&lt;/em&gt; estaríamos diciendo que en efecto no hay más ejemplares que los que se ven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caso (B). Preguntas del tipo: [Enunciado], ¿no? Equivalen a ¿no crees que [enunciado]? E iríamos al caso (A) para encontrar la regla a aplicar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&#xA;Hace frío, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De las preguntas 7 a 10:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -No, qué va, ¡me encanta!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -Qué va, ¡me encanta!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -¡Qué dices! ¡Pero si es perfecto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No te gusta mi regalo? -No, la verdad es que no mucho...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He puesto los ejemplos 7 y 8 para mostrar la equivalencia que hay entre &lt;em&gt;No, qué va&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Qué va&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual pone de manifiesto una excepción a la norma del caso (A). Con un &lt;em&gt;No, qué va&lt;/em&gt; negamos la totalidad de lo &quot;enunciado&quot; en la pregunta. Se dice con énfasis en la pronunciación. Viene a significar: &lt;em&gt;Te equivocas por completo en la suposición expresada implícitamente en tu pregunta: tu regalo me encanta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo 9 ilustra que &lt;em&gt;¡Qué dices!&lt;/em&gt; tiene el mismo significado que &lt;em&gt;Qué va&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo 10 sigue la norma del caso (A).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que, claro, preguntar con un &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; delante no es lo mismo que sin; al hacerlo expresamos implícitamente una suposición y se le da otro matiz a la pregunta y al diálogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo 11:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-¿No quieres más? -¡Sí, sí! Ponme un poco más, por favor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, en el ejemplo 11 la respuesta es &lt;em&gt;¡Sí, sí!&lt;/em&gt; Y no &lt;em&gt;¡Sí!&lt;/em&gt; porque el doble &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; enfatiza que estamos negando la presuposición de la pregunta. O sea, es como los ejemplos 7, 8 y 9. En el ejemplo 11 no tendría sentido responder un sólo &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;: si es que no queremos más, respondemos &lt;em&gt;No.&lt;/em&gt;, siquiendo la norma del caso (A). Si, al contrario de lo presupuesto, sí queremos más -nótese que he recalcado el sentido afirmativo-, entonces debemos remarcarlo, señalando que la presuposición es errónea y negamos la totalidad de la pregunta; esto responde a una excepción de la norma del caso (A).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta 11 es casi equivalente a esta otra: &lt;em&gt;-No quieres más, ¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt;, la cual puede responderse con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí, quiero más&lt;/em&gt;. Aclaramos necesariamente, tras el &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;, la respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No, no, gracias&lt;/em&gt;. Repetimos el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; para suavizarlo, que no quede tajante, dado que la presuposición en la pregunta es correcta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último ejemplo muestra lo relativo que es todo y que aún se pueden añadir más ejemplos, más casos y más excepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tema me resulta la mar de interesante. Da la casualidad de que esta cuestión ya la he hablado varias veces con un buen colega mío que ha estado varios años viviendo en Alemania. Él normalmente responde con un chistoso &lt;em&gt;jein&lt;/em&gt; -de &lt;em&gt;ja&lt;/em&gt;+&lt;em&gt;nein&lt;/em&gt;- a las preguntas de este tipo que nos llevan a un diálogo de besugos, lo cual se sigue de unas risas y de una discusión acerca de la respuesta más adecuada en español -o &lt;em&gt;correcta&lt;/em&gt; en nuestras pretensiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T13:54:21.963" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T13:54:21.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-23T00:19:10.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form is &lt;em&gt;veinti-&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (Royal Achademy of Spanish Language), RAE, publishes this and more things on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;its web page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A list of numbers, where your answer is&lt;/strong&gt;, is in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(numerales cardinales) &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which comes from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(numerales) &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8I7I4TmGLD6lWITzaL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8I7I4TmGLD6lWITzaL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All about numbers in spanish:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this information is in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; -&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; (Panhispanic dictionary of questions). Try to check it whenever you have a question, it's very useful. Also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt; will help you very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T13:56:13.263" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T13:56:13.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9938" CreationDate="2014-10-23T03:24:07.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy es un día frío y lluvioso pero por suerte mañana será (un día)&#xA;  soleado y un poco nublado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T03:24:07.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9938" CreationDate="2014-10-23T03:40:29.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very close :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Correct&quot;: Hoy hace frio y está lloviendo, pero por suerte mañana estará soleado y un poco nublado (I say correct in quotes because there are many ways to say such a sentence). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wouldn't use &quot;es hace&quot; because it's like &quot;is it's&quot;, &quot;hace frio&quot; alone literally means &quot;makes cold&quot; but it is used as &quot;it's cold&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose &quot;llueve&quot; isn't wrong here, &quot;Hoy llueve&quot; is like saying &quot;Today it rains&quot;, which is fine, but in order to match the whole &quot;it's cold&quot; structure I think it's a little more elegant to say &quot;está lloviendo&quot; which is &quot;it's raining&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually if you want to say &quot;it's sunny&quot; you can say &quot;está soleado&quot; so for &quot;it will be sunny&quot; just change the tense &quot;estará soleado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6822" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T03:40:29.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9938" CreationDate="2014-10-23T04:37:24.737" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy hace frío y llueve. Gracias a Dios  mañana va a hacer sol y algo nublado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que se puede decir de varias maneras. Aquí pongo lo que a mi me parece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6824" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T22:58:16.420" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T22:58:16.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9947" CreationDate="2014-10-23T13:26:41.207" Score="1" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/9938/12&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; got me thinking about phrases such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hace frio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Está lloviendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, these are phrased as &quot;It is cold&quot; or &quot;It is raining&quot;--&quot;It&quot; is the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the subject is &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4662/12&quot;&gt;often omitted&lt;/a&gt; when it's not necessary for clarity. But if I were to say these phrases with the literal subject, what would that subject be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T14:11:46.613" Title="What is the implied subject in these weather statements?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9946" CreationDate="2014-10-23T13:45:52.387" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those sentences are actually &lt;em&gt;impersonal sentences&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;There is no implied subject&lt;/strong&gt;. Impersonal sentences are those in which none of the elements of the sentence can be the subject, nor have or could be supposed an implicit subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of impersonal sentences would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esta biblioteca hay mucho ruido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay muchos pájaros en ese árbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course weather and some time references&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace calor. Hace frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está lloviendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es de noche. Es tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some types of impersonal sentences are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Those related to weather&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llover, tronar, relampaguear, escampar, granizar, nevar, atardecer, anochecer, amanecer... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sentences with &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; in any of its forms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Había mucha gente en la fiesta;&#xA;  Hay un ciervo en la carretera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer&lt;/strong&gt; + a time reference or weather reference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace frío; Hace sol;&#xA;  Hace veinte años que no te veo;&#xA;  Hizo mucho viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt; with a time reference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es tarde para eso; Es de día; Es de noche. Es viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T14:11:46.613" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T14:11:46.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:36:34.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a theory that is slightly mentioned in the answers (Andalucismo). I my opinion it's the simplest and much more logical than the others. It's also explained in the thread linked by Adam Brown. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the theory: in XVth century Spain, in the south (most Andalucía) people pronounced s, c and z as /s/. The people who wanted to go to America had to ship from Cadiz and they lived there for months until they could take the ship. By the time they left Cadiz, they all spoke like people from Cadiz, because this dialect is very easy to acquire. And the rest is pure logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a quote from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3481/6817&quot;&gt;¿Por qué la diferencia entre s y z/c solo se da en España?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las causas del seseo en América, solo hay que ver lo mucho&#xA;  que se parecen hablando un canario y un cubano, o un andaluz a un&#xA;  chileno, para intuirlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Canarias predomina el seseo porque los colonizadores españoles eran&#xA;  sobre todo andaluces, y en América pasó otro tanto, de modo que allí&#xA;  donde los andaluces no llevaron directamente su típico seseo, lo&#xA;  hicieron los canarios (fundamentalmente por el Caribe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T15:19:56.493" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:19:56.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9949" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:52:00.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso de pronombres (palabras cuyo referente no es fijo, sino determinado por el contexto u otros sustantivos ya usados en la frase). Los pronombres reemplazan nombres (sustantivos) ya mencionados. Ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;Esa&lt;/strong&gt; es vuestra, &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; nuestra es diferente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pronombres pueden ser personales, posesivos, demostrativo, indefinido, interrogativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use of pronouns (words that refer to another noun previously mentioned in the sentence or inferred from the context). Pronouns replace nouns already used in the sentence or implicit in the context. Example &lt;strong&gt;That&lt;/strong&gt; one is yours, &lt;strong&gt;mine&lt;/strong&gt; is different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns can be personal, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative or indefinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:53:47.197" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:53:47.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9950" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:52:00.730" Score="0" Body="Uso de pronombres (palabras cuyo referente no es fijo, sino determinado por el contexto u otros sustantivos ya usados en la frase). //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Use of pronouns (words that refer to another noun previously mentioned in the sentence or inferred from the context)." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:53:47.197" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:53:47.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2032" CreationDate="2014-10-23T15:01:18.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternativamente a &quot;gira ligeramente hacia la derecha&quot;, lo cual no lo he odído nunca en uso común, me inclino por lo que sugiere Laura: &quot;sigue hacia la derecha&quot;, con sus variantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continúa por la derecha;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;toma el camino de la derecha;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ve por la derecha;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desvíate [ligeramente] hacia la derecha;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Derecha intercambiable por izquierda.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego, lo de &quot;hacer una pequeña derecha&quot; me suena fatal y no recomiendo su uso para nada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no tiene sentido decir &quot;pequeña derecha&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tampoco tiene sentido decir &quot;hacer [una] derecha&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T15:01:18.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9935" CreationDate="2014-10-23T15:39:19.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll split the answer to explain a few things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) &quot;rainy&quot; is an adjective, but &quot;llueve&quot; is a form of the verb &quot;llover&quot;. To keep things simple, in Spanish we would say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;today (it is) raining&quot; = &quot;hoy llueve&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the future you'll learn how to turn &quot;llueve&quot; in it's adjective, &quot;lluvioso&quot;, and other ways to express those concepts, but for your exercise that's enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) &quot;salvo&quot; comes from the verb &quot;salvar&quot;, and shares it's root with the words &quot;salvation&quot; and &quot;save&quot;. We use it to add an exception to something (to &lt;em&gt;protect&lt;/em&gt; it from the previous affirmation) in the same way English use the word &quot;unless&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;tomorrow I'll go to school &lt;strong&gt;unless&lt;/strong&gt; it's raining&quot; = &quot;mañana iré a la escuela &lt;strong&gt;salvo que&lt;/strong&gt; esté lloviendo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what you want to express it's not an exception, it's an objection, so you use &quot;pero&quot;, the Spanish &quot;but&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;but thankfully&quot; = &quot;pero afortunadamente&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C) same as A, &quot;es&quot; it's the verb &quot;to be&quot;  used for adjectives, but &quot;hace&quot; is also a verb. You have plenty of options here too, but let's keep it simple...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;tomorrow it's sunny&quot; = &quot;mañana hará sol&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;hará&quot; is future for &quot;hace&quot;, id you think your teacher will complain, you can leave it in present and it will still be fairly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that gives you...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy llueve, pero mañana hará/hace sol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5372" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T11:51:19.000" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T11:51:19.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9955" CreationDate="2014-10-23T17:05:27.230" Score="1" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today (during a spanish lesson I was doing on my computer) I was presented with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero comprar &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; medicina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And its translation as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to buy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; medicine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The english translation is obviously a direct, literal translation of the spanish, and in this case fails in terms of english grammar.  In english I would &quot;Want to buy &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; medicine&quot; (and in thinking about it I always consider medicine in english to be plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I am only learning spanish, I don't know if the reason the english translation is so bad is because of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That is not what you would say in spanish&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The translation itself was wrong (possibly because &lt;code&gt;medicine&lt;/code&gt; is inherently plural, while &lt;code&gt;medicina&lt;/code&gt;is singular?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which of these possibilities is more likely?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-23T17:45:29.777" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T18:07:40.947" Title="I want to buy a medicine" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9954" CreationDate="2014-10-23T17:33:00.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;Quiero comprar una medicina&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish. Nothing necessarily wrong with that (so discard option 1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About option 2, you might be right, since you would say &amp;quot;I want to buy &lt;strong&gt;a book&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, and pluralize that with &amp;quot;I want to buy &lt;strong&gt;some books&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that you could be using that sentence when getting to the counter of the pharmacy and asking the pharmacist for a specific medicine or for help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comprar &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; medicina. &lt;em&gt;Fluidasa&lt;/em&gt;. Me la acaba de recetar mi medico para la tos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tint is that you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola, queria comprar &lt;strong&gt;unas&lt;/strong&gt; medicinas que el medico me ha dicho que necesito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comprar &lt;strong&gt;unos&lt;/strong&gt; libros que necesito para el curso que viene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Spanish speaker would favor &lt;strong&gt;unas&lt;/strong&gt; over &lt;strong&gt;algunas&lt;/strong&gt; in that context, in spite of &lt;code&gt;algunas/algunos&lt;/code&gt; being a possible translation for &lt;code&gt;some&lt;/code&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algunos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;unos&lt;/code&gt; are usually interchangeable, although there could be subtle differences for choosing one or another in a specific context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I wouldn't over think the translation the computer gave you. Maybe there are more accurate translations (is not a exact science, like math), but I would say that the translation the computer gave you is not necessarily wrong. Just, could be different, such as &lt;code&gt;I want to buy a (specific) medicine&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I remembered how it was for me when I was learning &lt;em&gt;countable&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;uncountable&lt;/em&gt; in English, so I googled if there any tips about that difference between &lt;em&gt;algunos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;unos&lt;/em&gt; and I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/translationsfromenglish/a/algunos-unos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;. I hope it will be relevant and helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T18:07:40.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4872" CreationDate="2014-10-23T22:17:34.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que prestar atención a los verbos cuando éstos impliquen el contacto con otra persona o cosa. Cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jugar, tocar, comer, saborear, meter, agarrar, tomar, beber, chupar, raspar, restregar, besar, lamer... etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son muchísimas formas en las que pueden darle la vuelta a cualquier comentario para alburearte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes que prestar mucha atención a las palabras por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Agárrame la ... [interrupción]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Agárrame ésta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría decir que esta es de las formas más comunes de alburear a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pásame la cosa esa... sin albur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ok, ok, yo me imaginaba otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Préstame tu anillo porfa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Oye, oye, ey cuidado, ese no lo presto que es sólo mío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿No quieres un raspado de anís?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Que pasó, yo no soy así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las palabras cualquier con casi puede significar sexo, genitales o cualquier otra cosa relacionada con ésto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T22:17:34.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4128" CreationDate="2014-10-24T01:04:13.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact, ¿ is too useful to be lost. And in formal language is still being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's useful because of three reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish the order of the words is free and it helps to avoid confusion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In long sentences it is very helpful. Otherwise, how can we detect a question if the words order of our language doesn't indicate it? I remark that, for example, in Catalan, the use of ¿ (and ¡) is allowed when the question has more than one line because of this reason.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My favourite use: it allows me to start the question (or exclamation) intonation wherever I want, avoiding ambiguity and with no need to use a grammatically wrong comma. Let's see some examples of that:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero ¿no quieres más?&lt;/em&gt;  It's quite different of: &lt;em&gt;¿Pero no quieres más?&lt;/em&gt; And a comma after this &lt;em&gt;Pero&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡María, ven!&lt;/em&gt; Is also different of: &lt;em&gt;María, ¡ven!&lt;/em&gt; (both correct).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Así que ¡mucho ánimo!&lt;/em&gt; (Incorrect comma in: &lt;em&gt;Así que, ¡mucho ánimo&lt;/em&gt;. This could be written (incorrectly): &lt;em&gt;Así que, mucho ánimo!&lt;/em&gt; just putting the comma because of the change of intonation, but totally incorrect.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T01:19:17.143" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T01:19:17.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9961" CreationDate="2014-10-24T07:10:18.017" Score="12" ViewCount="24589" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo he escuchado y leído mucho, sobre todo en entornos informáticos, pero me da la sensación de que es una mala traducción de &quot;decrease&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien podría confirmarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6831" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:20:15.683" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T07:59:31.150" Title="¿Existe &quot;decrementar&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9958" CreationDate="2014-10-24T07:26:15.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es una palabra considerada dentro del diccionario de la RAE, pero yo creo que se puede utilizar y es entendible, pese a ser argot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincido en que es una traducción literal de &quot;decrease&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un equivalente correcto podría ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/decrecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decrecer&lt;/a&gt;, que sí está reconocida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6832" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T07:26:15.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5160" CreationDate="2014-10-24T07:36:29.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=fastener#articleHead&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fastener&lt;/a&gt; tiene varias acepciones, pero para los objetos que describes, el término más cercano que yo usaría en España sería &quot;pasador de latón&quot;. Aun así, &quot;pasador&quot; tal cual debería de ser correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6832" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T07:36:29.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9958" CreationDate="2014-10-24T07:51:41.313" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pese a la creencia general, el DLE (antes DRAE) no es exhaustivo. En él no aparecen todas las palabras derivadas y, sobre todo, no aparece el vocabulario técnico o propio de un área específica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, sí aparece la palabra &lt;em&gt;decremento&lt;/em&gt; (sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;disminución&lt;/em&gt;), de la que podemos derivar &lt;em&gt;decrementar&lt;/em&gt; como verbo bien formado que, tal como dices, se utiliza frecuentemente en informática. Por tanto, podemos considerarlo una palabra correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICIÓN: Como bien dice @Mauricio Martínez en su respuestas, la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BzK2xkW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decrementar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece ya en las últimas ediciones del DLE como derivada de &lt;em&gt;decremento&lt;/em&gt; y sinónima de &lt;em&gt;disminuir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T07:59:31.150" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T07:59:31.150" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9938" CreationDate="2014-10-24T08:07:30.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation has a few shortcomings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the extra &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the infinitive &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; instead of the present &lt;em&gt;hace&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix an anomalous construction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy hace frio y llueve, pero por suerte mañana va a hacer sol con alguna nube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot write &lt;em&gt;va a hacer sol y un poco nublado&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;va a hacer nublado&lt;/em&gt; is not a correct construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Spain, the construction &lt;em&gt;estará soleado&lt;/em&gt; is unusual. We use &lt;em&gt;soleado&lt;/em&gt; as an adjective to modify a noun (&lt;em&gt;un día soleado&lt;/em&gt; is fine, for instance), but seldom as a predicative; we prefer the construction &lt;em&gt;hacer sol&lt;/em&gt;, as in your own translation. So an alternative is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy hace frío y llueve, pero por suerte mañana tendremos un día soleado con alguna nube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a subtle difference between &lt;em&gt;algunas nubes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alguna nube&lt;/em&gt;; the later indicates a less cloudy day than the former. Since the original reads &lt;em&gt;a little bit cloudy&lt;/em&gt;, I have preferred this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T08:07:30.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5160" CreationDate="2014-10-24T08:12:14.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero añadir que, aunque incorrectamente, en entornos de oficinas o estudios de arte en España también se les llama &quot;fastener&quot; sin ningún rubor, aunque lo correcto sea &quot;sujetador&quot; o &quot;pasador&quot;, tanto para este modelo simple que pones como para el doble:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gjzkq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;fastener&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.papelerialamayor.com/encuadernadores/878-caja-100-fastener-artes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.papelerialamayor.com/encuadernadores/878-caja-100-fastener-artes.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T22:46:55.750" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T22:46:55.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9958" CreationDate="2014-10-24T10:56:57.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Disminuir&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Menguar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Mermar&lt;/code&gt; parecen buenas aproximaciones para dicha palabra.&#xA;Ciertamente, la RAE no admite &lt;code&gt;Decrementar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1016" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T12:58:30.707" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T12:58:30.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9958" CreationDate="2014-10-24T13:14:59.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=decrementar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La RAE no admite decrementar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término anglosajón &lt;code&gt;increment&lt;/code&gt; (cause a discrete increase in a numerical quantity) se usa mucho en computación. Su opuesto &lt;code&gt;decrement&lt;/code&gt;, no tiene una traducción cercana al español. El problema es que &lt;code&gt;incrementar&lt;/code&gt; tampoco tiene antónimos cómodos en español. Los más cercanos serían &lt;code&gt;disminuir&lt;/code&gt; (si seguimos en el contexto de la computación) o &lt;code&gt;acortar&lt;/code&gt;, que parecen más relacionas con &lt;code&gt;aumentar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;alargar&lt;/code&gt;, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Decrementar&lt;/code&gt; es otro de esos términos tomados del inglés que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8492/5481&quot;&gt;no tienen una traducción cómoda en español&lt;/a&gt;. Cuando estás en un medio donde la mayoría de los términos están en inglés (bucles &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt;) o puedes nombrar tranquilamente su equivalente inglés y todavía hacer que tus colegas te entiendan (waterfall, agile, extreme programming), termina por salirte un &lt;code&gt;decrementar&lt;/code&gt; cuando hablas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T13:14:59.280" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-24T17:35:02.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acepta la realidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfréntalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acéptalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aguántalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-25T02:00:32.107" LastActivityDate="2014-10-25T02:00:32.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-25T21:50:33.753" Score="5" ViewCount="4973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have these two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Picasso &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; uno de los artistas mejores de siglo veinte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Picasso was one of the best artists of the 20th century)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pablo Picasso &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; un pintor y escultor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Pablo Picasso was a painter and sculptor)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if I need to use &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I know already:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era&lt;/em&gt; (imperfect):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk about people or things in the past&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no definite beginning or end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk about time and descriptions in past&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue&lt;/em&gt; (preterite):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;definite beginning or end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;actions taken by people or things in the past&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use &lt;code&gt;era&lt;/code&gt; because we still call him an artist today, and some may say be still is one of the best artists of the 20th century&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I was thinking about using &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; because he is dead and him being an artist and sculptor came to an end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6778" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:46:30.257" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:46:30.257" Title="Differences between &quot;era&quot; and &quot;fue&quot;" Tags="&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9935" CreationDate="2014-10-25T23:41:35.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=thankfully&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference on &lt;em&gt;thankfully&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;thankfully (with thanks, gratefully) &lt;strong&gt;agradecidamente&lt;/strong&gt; adv. &lt;em&gt;She smiled at us thankfully and said good-bye. Nos sonrió agradecidamente&#xA;  y se despidió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;thankfully (fortunately, luckily) &lt;strong&gt;afortunadamente&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;por suerte&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6800" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T11:50:53.027" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T11:50:53.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9975" CreationDate="2014-10-26T17:47:39.037" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo Los juegos del hambre en Inglés y en una parte del libro dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I flatten out on my belly and slide under a two-foot stretch&#xA;  that’s been loose for years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo lo que quiere decir en general,lo que no entiendo es lo que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I flatten out on my belly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien me pudiera indicar lo que significa sería de mucha ayuda, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5264" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T14:29:47.300" Title="Interpretaciòn de &quot;I flatten out on my belly&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-10-27T13:26:42.797" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9972" CreationDate="2014-10-26T20:44:35.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Flatten out my belly&lt;/code&gt; significa apretarse la barriga..&#xA;En este caso, significa hacerse caber.   Hacerse ser capaz de pasar por el tramo... para que no se atasque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT**&#xA;En inglés , &quot;flatten out my belly&quot; sí significa lo que ya he escrito, pero hay un otro &quot;sinónimo&quot; que te hará poder entender mejor el dicho &quot;flatten out my belly&quot;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Suck in your gut&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es la forma más comprensible y común.  Cómo el autor decidió usar la otra forma, &lt;code&gt;flatten out..&lt;/code&gt;, es obvio que quería expresar una acción atlética; una acción que indica el uso de los músculos del estómago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busca Google por 'suck in your gut'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lmgtfy.com/?q=suck+in+your+gut+espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lmgtfy.com/?q=suck+in+your+gut+espa%C3%B1ol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-10-27T14:29:47.300" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T14:29:47.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9972" CreationDate="2014-10-26T22:06:26.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España decimos &lt;em&gt;meter tripa&lt;/em&gt;, creo que se podría traducir así también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T22:06:26.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9984" CreationDate="2014-10-27T03:01:39.757" Score="3" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A friend asked me today if this phrase was a special construction or if it had a name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una misión que cumplir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction being &lt;code&gt;[noun] que [infinitive]&lt;/code&gt;. Now, I coudn't really tell him if it had a special name or if there was anything special about it. I thought about it for a second and figured it could be a simple &lt;code&gt;tener que&lt;/code&gt; contruction with a different word placement for stylistic purposes. Would that be accurate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un mi amigo me preguntó hoy si esta frase tenía una construcción especial o si tenía un nombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una misión que cumplir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción sería entonces &lt;code&gt;[sustantivo] que [infinitivo]&lt;/code&gt;. No supe decirle si la construcción tenía un nombre o algo de especial. Después de pensarlo por unos momentos y deduje que podría ser una construcción de &lt;code&gt;tener que&lt;/code&gt; con un posicionamiento de palabras distinto. ¿Sería eso acertado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible scenario (could it be about emphasizing something?)/otro escenario posible (tendrá que ver con darle énfasis a algo?):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿No quieres a comer, amiga?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¡No puedo! Tengo reportes que revisar, informes que imprimir y cartas que redactar. ¡Ahh, estrés!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T11:53:53.823" Title="Is &quot;cosas que [infinitive]&quot; a special construction?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9980" CreationDate="2014-10-27T10:46:21.923" Score="1" ViewCount="1168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wordreference gives &lt;strong&gt;abano&lt;/strong&gt; as the Spanish for a ceiling fan and &lt;strong&gt;ventilador&lt;/strong&gt; for table fan. However, when I looked up &lt;strong&gt;abano&lt;/strong&gt; in Google Image search (my favorite visual way of finding out the meanings of popular foreign words), no ceiling fans were returned. This has gotten me confused. I want to know from native speakers if &lt;strong&gt;abano&lt;/strong&gt; is a word they'd use in common speech or if it's just a bookish term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what word would you use for a ceiling fan in your country (please specify your country too) if not &lt;strong&gt;abano&lt;/strong&gt;. Incidentally, wordreference also gives &lt;strong&gt;abanico&lt;/strong&gt; for a hand-held fan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T13:43:04.590" Title="Spanish for ceiling fan" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9977" CreationDate="2014-10-27T10:51:53.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it is not an special construction, and that you can not analyse &lt;em&gt;cosas que &lt;/em&gt; without the verb before it (in this case &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following sentences are equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tengo reportes que revisar, (tengo) informes que imprimir y (tengo) cartas que redactar&#xA;Tengo que revisar reportes, (tengo que) imprimir informes y (tengo que) redactar cartas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess a correct translation to English could be this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I have log files to review, reports to print and letters to write up&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find specific references to &lt;em&gt;sustantivo + que + infinitivo&lt;/em&gt; without success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of &lt;em&gt;verbo + sustantivo + que + infinitivo&lt;/em&gt; I come up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Busco preguntas que responder&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, I guess &quot;preguntas que responder&quot; should be treated as the direct object of &quot;busco&quot;, so there must be a name for that compound in Spanish grammar, but I don't know it an I like to find that out, so lets wait for the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Check guifa's answer for the correct one with proper explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="5584" LastEditDate="2014-10-27T16:55:30.450" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T16:55:30.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9978" CreationDate="2014-10-27T11:04:51.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &lt;em&gt;abano&lt;/em&gt; is not any kind of ceiling fan but one very specific that I have never seen in real life, only in movies of past times: it is an apparatus with the shape of a peacock tail (abanico). In fact, I had never seen that word before now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English both kind of apparatus are referred to with the same word, &lt;em&gt;fan&lt;/em&gt;, but in Spanish we use different words for abanicos (with peacock's tail shape that moves back and forwards) and ventiladores (apparatus with blades that spin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain we call the regular ceiling fans just &lt;em&gt;ventiladores de techo&lt;/em&gt;. Based on results from Google, I think in América &lt;em&gt;abano&lt;/em&gt; is used for (spinning) &lt;em&gt;ventiladores de techo&lt;/em&gt; but I don't know how common is that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T11:04:51.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9977" CreationDate="2014-10-27T15:01:52.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would definitely call it a &quot;special construction&quot;.  Tener que, and Hay que, both use this form of &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; to indicate necessity.  There's no literal way to translate that I know of.  The fact that the verb &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt; is present suggests necessity, like I mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hay qué&lt;/code&gt; on the other hand uses an auxiliary verb, haber, to emphasize the necessity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hay que mirar esa película&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tienes que mirar esa película&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's safe to say that the &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; itself emphasizes requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algo de comer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algo que comer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They each mean the same thing: &lt;code&gt;Something to eat&lt;/code&gt;, but the second example with the &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; emphasizes a more necessary action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot remember for the life of me what this is called.  I've taken several advanced language and liguistics classes in college, but I suppose the knowledge just went away.  I even can remember writing 'perifrasis verbal' as one of my answers on a test, which was of course the right answer, but now I can't even remember what it is exactly.  I had a very clear understanding of it at one point in time, and now it's gone. :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps, because I have no sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T15:01:52.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-27T15:35:39.613" Score="12" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Picasso was one of the best artists of the 20th century&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Picasso &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; uno de los mejores artistas de siglo veinte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; is better because we are speaking of a &quot;definite&quot; past, we are stating a past &quot;concluded&quot; fact, from the point of view of the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pablo Picasso was a painter and sculptor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we have less context, hence the decision &quot;fue/era&quot; is ambiguous. If, say, that phrase is the beginning of a Wikipedia-like article, then the sense is roughly the same as before, hence &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; is the correct alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose instead that we are in the middle of a narrative. We are writing about the life of Max Jacob and we assume that the reader does not necessarily knows who Picasso was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In 1900 Max Jacob met Picasso in Paris. &lt;em&gt;Pablo Picasso was a painter and sculptor&lt;/em&gt; that had just come from Spain, and Max helped him with the French language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A correct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En 1900 Max Jacob conoció a Picasso en París. Pablo Picasso &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; un pintor y escultor que recién había llegado desde España, y Max lo ayudó con el idioma francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we must use &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; because we are speaking of past fact (the occupation of Picasso) but from the point of view of that same past (i.e., relative to that perspective, the event &quot;Picasso was a painter&quot; is a &quot;present continuous&quot; event, something that &quot;was happening&quot; and which was not concluded at that time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this is not specific to the &quot;ser/estar&quot; verb, but rather to the general indefinite/imperfect past tenses in Spanish; see eg &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbtenses/a/two_past_tenses.htm&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: &#xA;Regarding &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to use &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; because we still call him an artist today, and some may say be still is one of the best artists of the 20th century&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To emphasize that aspect, you would not use &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;: you would simply use the present (just as you wrote in English) &quot;Picasso es uno de los mejores artistas&quot;, or to be more precise and avoid confusion: &quot;Picasso es considerado uno de los mejores artistas&quot; (he is regarded as one of the best artists...) or &quot;Picasso está entre los mejores artistas&quot; (he is among the best artists...) In these later cases, it would be wrong to use the past tense, because the verb (to be) does not refer to Picasso's past life or ocuppation (who was he? what did he do?) but to his present position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T17:55:17.160" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T17:55:17.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9977" CreationDate="2014-10-27T16:25:46.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a &lt;strong&gt;passive relative infinitive clause&lt;/strong&gt;, using the RAE's terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's relative, as it's introduced by a relative &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (this also, in effect, makes it an adjectival clause).  It's passive, because noun that comes before it is the one that is to be acted upon by the verb (*misión is to be &lt;em&gt;cumplida&lt;/em&gt;, rather than to &lt;em&gt;cumplir&lt;/em&gt; something else).  It's infintival because, well, it uses the infinitive :-) You can read about this in the &lt;em&gt;Gramática 26.12&lt;/em&gt; where it lists some of the restrictions for its use (indefinite antecedent, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, you can switch out &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; in these cases as well (&lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; 26.6l), though that does change its interpretation to a nomininalized infinitive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not come from the &lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;haber que&lt;/em&gt; periphrases as evidenced by these two sentences that I think most people would agree are not identical in meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tengo que comer mucha comida &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(doctor says I'm underweight)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I've got —possession— food that ought to be eaten)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last's infinitive can have subject bestowed upon it.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  As written, it will normally be interpreted as &lt;em&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer&lt;sub&gt;(yo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but let's say I'm hosting a dinner party.  The subject is now more likely nosotros: &lt;em&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer&lt;sub&gt;(nosotros)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (that is: the food is here for all of us to eat).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  Contrary to popular belief, infinitives can in many situations have a subject, however because the infinitive does not conjugate and subjects are often implied, it's harder to notice.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Castellano&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se llama un &lt;strong&gt;infinitivo de cláusa subordinada con interpretación pasiva&lt;/strong&gt; según la terminología de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de una cláusa subordinada porque se introduce con el pronombre relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (por lo tanto, también tiene función adjetival).  Tiene interpretación pasiva porque el sustantivo que le antecede es el complemento directo del verbo (es decir, es que la misión &lt;em&gt;es (será) cumplida&lt;/em&gt;, en vez de que &lt;em&gt;cumple&lt;/em&gt; otra cosa).  Es infinitivo por razones obvias.  Puedes leer más de ello en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática 26.12&lt;/em&gt; que también pormenoriza algunas de las restricciones de uso (antecedente indefinidos, etcétera)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos casos, puedes cambiar el &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; por un &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; (Gramática 26.6l) pero en tal caso la interpretación sintáctica muda a un infinitivo nominal (o tal vez adjetival).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta construcción no viene de los peráfrasis &lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;haber que&lt;/em&gt;, que se evidencia con estas dos oraciones que, creo, la mayoría de los hablantes estarían de acuerdo que no son iguales en sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tengo que comer mucha comida &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;la médica me dice que soy demasiado flaco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;tengo —poseo— comida para la consumición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al infinitivo de la segunda se le puede conceder un sujeto.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  Tal y como está escrito, normalmente se lo interpretará como &lt;em&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer&lt;sub&gt;(yo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero digamos que el contexto es que doy una fiesta.  Ahora el sujeto probablemente es &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tengo mucha comida que comer&lt;sub&gt;(nosotros)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (es decir: la comida es para la consumición nuestra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  Hay muchos que piensan que el infinitivo no puede tener sujeto porque no flexiona, pero la verdad es que sí lo puede tener (tanto explícito como implícito), pero es más difícil notar precisamente porque no flexiona.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T11:53:53.823" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T11:53:53.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9985" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-27T21:12:28.177" Score="5" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today, someone told me that &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt; can be used to indicate possession, apparently because in early Spanish &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt; was used to mean &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt;. They gave the specific example of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hemos un bocadillo (We have a sandwich)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a valid construct? I was told that although 90% of &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;'s uses are as an auxiliary verb, its function as a verb to indicate a possessive is not entirely gone, and that erudite individuals can use &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt; in this way to sound intelligent or archaic, in a similar way to how contemporary English speakers use &lt;code&gt;thou&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also - In Spanish, the phrase 'haber de' can be used to indicate an obligation in a way that is similar to the construct 'tener que'. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He de trabajar mañana (I have to work tomorrow)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same individual also told that this is rare, archaic way of forming the future tense and that the endings for future tense verbs come from the endings of &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;'s present tense conjugations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He de ir a la playa.&#xA;Iré a la playa.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these two statements above really equivalent? Were they at any point in time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6853" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T18:17:38.147" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:17:38.147" Title="Antiquated uses of haber" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;haber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9985" CreationDate="2014-10-27T23:05:31.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; to express possession could certainly be used back in the day (where it had the imperative forms &lt;em&gt;habe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;habed&lt;/em&gt;), but it developed today into the virtually exclusively auxiliary (for perfects) and impersonal (for existential statements) verb we have today.  There are a few situations where you might use it in legal or other contexts where language has been stuck in formulaic constructions (such as &lt;em&gt;habida cuenta de&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;teniendo en cuenta el hecho de&lt;/em&gt;), but that's really about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;haber de [inf.]&lt;/em&gt; can be used to indicate obligation.  It's considered equivalent to &lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; as you mention, just that &lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; is more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haber de [inf.]&lt;/em&gt; for future is still seen in modern Spanish, though certainly no where near as common as simple future or the other periphrastic future of &lt;em&gt;ir a [inf.]&lt;/em&gt;.  This usage is no where near as common as &lt;em&gt;haber de&lt;/em&gt; for obligation, but you can absolutely use it as a way to indicate the future.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haber&lt;/em&gt; is actually where the future tense came from in Spanish, a combination of an infinitive and the verb haber.  So you'd have &lt;em&gt;nadar he&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;comer has&lt;/em&gt; which eventually were reduced to &lt;em&gt;nadaré&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comerás&lt;/em&gt; (for a time, you could even find the pronouns in between, as in &lt;em&gt;dar me has&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;darmeás&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;me darás&lt;sub&gt;/darasme&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that there are &lt;em&gt;other&lt;/em&gt; older uses that you'll see once in a while.  One of them is for denoting time, instead of using &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;.  So instead of &lt;em&gt;hace cinco años que...&lt;/em&gt;, you can say &lt;em&gt;cinco años ha que...&lt;/em&gt;.  There's also the construction &lt;em&gt;haberselas&lt;/em&gt; that allows the archaic conjugation of habermos: &lt;em&gt;Nos las habemos con esa gentuza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. However, they are not exactly equivalent.  Not that &lt;em&gt;iré&lt;/em&gt; is true future, whereas &lt;em&gt;he de ir&lt;/em&gt;, in its future interpretation, is still technically present tense.  In simple statements, this makes no difference, but can affect tense ordering in subordinate clauses.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T23:05:31.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9985" CreationDate="2014-10-27T23:13:41.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in early Spanish &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; was used to mean &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's right, and the evolution can be followed from the English analog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo he un caballo   = I have a horse&lt;/strong&gt;  (old Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo he un caballo comprado  = I have a bought horse&lt;/strong&gt;  (here &lt;em&gt;'comprado/bought'&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;is an &lt;em&gt;adjetive&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo he comprado un caballo  = I have bought a horse&lt;/strong&gt;  (this was&#xA;originally the same as above, but &amp;quot;comprado&amp;quot; evolved from&#xA;adjective to verb, in participle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference is that in English &amp;quot;have&amp;quot; retained the old meaning, as a plain verb (to posess) and it also gained the new meaning (auxiliary verb). While in Spanish the old use almost disappeared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is explained (in Spanish) &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today the old meaning (&amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;) is rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=5ra5cGATFDXX2hZam4lB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also - In Spanish, the phrase 'haber de' can be used to indicate an obligation in a way that is similar to the construct 'tener que'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, that's also right. It's a rather convoluted way of express some obligation, or purpose, or expectation - or simply: future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He de&lt;/strong&gt; trabajar mañana (I have to work tomorrow)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not extremely rare, but kind of special. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Has de&lt;/strong&gt; saber que... (&lt;em&gt;You should/must know/learn  that...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;he de&lt;/strong&gt; descansar hasta haber entendido... (&lt;em&gt;I won't rest until having understood...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la realidad, y &lt;strong&gt;hemos de&lt;/strong&gt; aceptarla (&lt;em&gt;That's reality, and we must accept it&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He de ir a la playa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Iré a la playa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these two statements above really equivalent? Were they at any point in time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in current usage, the second is the normal one, the first is a &amp;quot;stylized&amp;quot; way of saying the same, it could be used to emphasize obligation, or determination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T23:19:16.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2014-10-28T02:17:15.730" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely it is a mix of Spanish and Greek. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JesuCristo =&gt; Jesus + Cristo&#xA;Jesus (no explanation needed right?)&#xA;Cristo comes from greek Xristo, which was a way to refer to the kings of Israel, so at the end Jesucristo is some kind of &quot;Jesus, the king&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1479" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T02:17:15.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9990" CreationDate="2014-10-28T06:37:00.020" Score="1" ViewCount="863" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;strong&gt;latón&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;azófar&lt;/strong&gt;? Both are given by Google as the Spanish for brass. Is there any regional variation in usage? What's the preferred word in daily speech if at all they are exactly the same thing? What would be the word of preference in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T02:19:47.103" Title="Spanish for &quot;brass&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9989" CreationDate="2014-10-28T09:32:23.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, I've never heard &lt;em&gt;azófar&lt;/em&gt;, but DRAE says both have the same meaning, just different origins, both from Arabic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the Internet it seems &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt; is by far the most used: 1180k hits against 29k for &lt;em&gt;azófar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;latón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del ár. lāṭūn, y este del turco altɩn, oro).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Aleación de cobre y cinc, de color amarillo pálido y susceptible de gran brillo y pulimento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;azófar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del ár. hisp. aṣṣúfr, y este del ár. clás. ṣufr).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. latón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T01:08:09.407" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T01:08:09.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9989" CreationDate="2014-10-28T13:15:32.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latón&lt;/code&gt; is an alloy of copper and zinc. As in any alloy the proportion of the components can vary, giving many different metals with slightly different properties. These alloys would all be known as &lt;code&gt;latón&lt;/code&gt;, even if they are different metals used for different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick search in wikipedia explains that there are 3 main kinds of &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt;, according to the percentage of zinc used (First, second and third order), but potentially there are many others. For example, &lt;em&gt;similor&lt;/em&gt; designates an alloy with proportion 80/20 copper/Zinc, &lt;em&gt;metal del príncipe Alberto&lt;/em&gt; an allowy in porportion 84/16 and &lt;em&gt;crisocola&lt;/em&gt; an alloy that has 82 parts of copper, 6 of zinc and 6 of tin (according to wikipedia, but those numbers don't add well...). Those names would be then different forms to refer specific variations of &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt; has many different uses, from jewelry to soldering to make wires and coins, etc. Mostly depending on the proportion of zinc they have. The word &lt;code&gt;latón&lt;/code&gt; can sometimes be used to refer to something as &lt;em&gt;cheap metal&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Azófar&lt;/code&gt; is the same thing, an alloy of copper and zinc. &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?azo.far&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The word comes from arabic&lt;/a&gt;,  and means &lt;em&gt;copper&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both words mean the same and refer to the same metal. The just have different etymologies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same case as with the words &lt;code&gt;azogue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mercurio&lt;/code&gt; (think as using the words &lt;code&gt;quicksilver&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mercury&lt;/code&gt; to refer to them. Two words, same element), one comes from the vocabulary of the muslim scientists that once lived in Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T13:25:09.990" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T13:25:09.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2014-10-28T20:35:38.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; can be exactly translated to clear, so its used to point out something supposed to be obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/code&gt; is more complex, it does the same job but by a different approach.&#xA;The &quot;supuesto&quot; is something implicit in the content. Something that was indirectly pointed out, or, of what it consists or depends. How its &quot;supposed&quot;.  To translate it into english you could give this answer; Of course, its to be taken as a supposition. This is why we can also say: &lt;code&gt;se supone&lt;/code&gt;, witch means: its supposed. The word &lt;code&gt;supuesto&lt;/code&gt; literally means putted under, to refer to something (Concepts or ideas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6857" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T21:34:32.390" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T21:34:32.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-28T23:21:54.340" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas denotan una acción pasada. La diferencia entre perfecto e imperfecto no tiene que ver con una acción acabada o inacabada, al contrario de lo que dicen algunos. Es una cuestión &quot;topológica&quot; (me refiero a una rama de las matemáticas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a dar una explicación matemática que quizá no todos entiendan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Situémonos en la &lt;em&gt;recta&lt;/em&gt; del tiempo. El momento presente es un punto en ella. El pasado está a un lado y el futuro al otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era&lt;/em&gt; (imperfecto) es como un intervalo abierto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue&lt;/em&gt; (perfecto) es como un punto, que se enmarca dentro de un intervalo abierto (explícito o implícito en el contexto). Ese intervalo es un &lt;em&gt;entorno abierto&lt;/em&gt; del punto. Se corresponde con un período temporal (en el que se enmarca el hecho puntual del que hablamos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa esto? Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mientras conducía [intervalo abierto] me distraje [hecho puntual] y por eso atropellé [hecho puntual] al ciclista.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esa semana fue [hecho puntual] la más dura de todo el mes [el mes es el intervalo que nos enmarca la semana].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo de la respuesta anterior, &lt;em&gt;Pablo Picasso era un pintor y escultor que...&lt;/em&gt;, leonbloy mismo explica que el conexto implícito es que Picasso, como el punto de vista se sitúa en el momento en el que Max Jacob le conoció [hecho puntual], estaba vivo antes y después de ese hecho, es un &quot;entorno&quot; del punto. O sea, le conoció [punto] cuando Picasso era pintor y escultor [intervalo abierto, porque estaba vivo y ejercía de ello durante ese período de tiempo].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso la diferencia entre uno y otro la marca el contexto: depende de cómo situemos las cosas en el tiempo, usaremos un verbo u otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es similar a la contraposición &lt;em&gt;continuous&lt;/em&gt;-&lt;em&gt;simple&lt;/em&gt; en inglés. De la misma manera, normalmente usaremos el adverbio &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; con el pretérito imperfecto (es el entorno) y la locución adverbial &lt;em&gt;de repente&lt;/em&gt; con el pretérito perfecto (es el hecho puntual):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mientras conducía me distraje y atropellé al ciclista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conducía cuando, de repente, me distraje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah, y, en efecto, es &quot;Picasso fue...* porque se trata de un hecho puntual. En otro caso (&lt;em&gt;Picasso era...&lt;/em&gt;), estaríamos indicado que eso es el contexto (marco temporal) de un hecho puntual aún por mencionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si estás hablado del concepto de los considerados artistas acualmente, lo más correcto es: &lt;em&gt;Picasso es uno de los mejores artistas del siglo XX / que ha habido en el siglo XX.&lt;/em&gt; Pues aunque ya no es pintor, porque murió, sigue siendo considerado un artista. Para transmitir esta idea hay que usar &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;;  y &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; no encaja para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que podríamos decir: &lt;em&gt;Platón es el filósofo que instruyó a Aristóteles&lt;/em&gt;, igual de correcto que &lt;em&gt;Platón fue el filósofo que instruyó a Aristóteles&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso los dos son válidos, con ligeros matices de diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T23:55:46.860" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T23:55:46.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10000" CreationDate="2014-10-29T00:24:01.713" Score="2" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned from my teacher that indefinite articles (un, una) are used only before modified nouns, that is nouns followed by adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this apply to definite articles (el, la)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another situation is when you use &quot;llegar a ser&quot; in place of just ser. &#xA;This is when you don't have to use indefinite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T01:07:05.943" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T19:09:32.537" Title="When to use indefinite article?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9996" CreationDate="2014-10-29T02:08:16.170" Score="2" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;When conjugating preterite, it seems odd that the  -é/í  ending is used for the yo form while the -ó/ió is used for the él form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the present tense, -o is used for the yo form while -e is (for er/ir verbs) used in the él form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems as though these endings are switched in the preterite tense. Is there any good reason why this is (historically, or something else) or a deeper explanation, or is this just a quirk of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3080" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T02:05:44.227" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T16:50:50.093" Title="What is the origin of all the tenses in Spanish? -- e.g yo escribí" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9995" CreationDate="2014-10-29T03:02:29.750" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: Because Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish endings are derived from Latin endings.  In Latin, in most all tenses, the endings were the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-o/m  -mus&#xA;-s    -tis&#xA;-t    -nt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These would have preserved the vowel that came first with an infix for tense.  Hence for &lt;em&gt;amare&lt;/em&gt; you got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    pres.                          imp.&#xA;    -----                         -----&#xA;          o mus   amo  amus              m mus   amabam amabamus&#xA;AMA + Ø + s tis = amas atis   AMA + BA + s tis = amabas amabatis&#xA;          t nt    amat aman              t nt    amabat amabant&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word-final -m and -t were lost, the -atis became -ades for a while before eventually becoming -ais.  The -u- in -amus raised to an -o-.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This worked for almost all conjugations in active voice, except for the perfect aspect.  It had its own endings that were&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-i    -imus&#xA;-isti -istis&#xA;-it   -erunt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can probably see how these relate to the simple preterite endings in Spanish (note all other perfects in Spanish are formed with &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; leaving simple preterite as the only one retaining these endings).  They also effectively had an infix of -u/v-, such that, returning to the last verb, you get&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;          i    imus    amavi    amavimus&#xA;AMA + V + isti istis = amavisti amavistis&#xA;          it   erunt   amavit   amaverunt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that the &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; here is vocalic so that &lt;em&gt;amavit&lt;/em&gt; would have been basically &lt;em&gt;amáuit&lt;/em&gt;.  Recall the &lt;em&gt;-t&lt;/em&gt; got lost, and a standard transformation towards Spanish is &lt;em&gt;au&lt;/em&gt;-&gt;&lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; (like &lt;em&gt;aurum&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;oro&lt;/em&gt;).  This resulted in (roughly) amavit -&gt; amavi -&gt; amoi -&gt; amó.  For one reason or another, the &lt;em&gt;amavi&lt;/em&gt; overtime ended up as &lt;em&gt;amé&lt;/em&gt; (my guess would be &lt;em&gt;amavi&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;amai&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;amei&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;amé&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T03:02:29.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9998" CreationDate="2014-10-29T06:17:12.283" Score="3" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa el &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; en esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre didáctico, hizo [Melquíades] una sabia exposición sobre las virtudes diabólicas del cinabrio.  Úrsula no le hizo caso, sino que &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; llevó los niños a rezar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí pienso que este &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; refiere a los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero no es &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; solo se ultiza cuando  refiere a un objecto indirecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O es porque aquí tenemos una palabra &lt;code&gt;los&lt;/code&gt; antes el &lt;code&gt;niños&lt;/code&gt;, por eso usa &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por eso, la frase &lt;code&gt;sino que le llevó el niño a rezar&lt;/code&gt; es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O todas esas conjecturas son falsas, y es por otra razón? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6860" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T21:53:08.337" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T21:02:53.100" Title="El uso de «se» en «se llevó los niños a rezar»" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9997" CreationDate="2014-10-29T08:21:18.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mimosa.pntic.mec.es/ajuan3/lengua/usosdese.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Explicación exhaustiva del uso de &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Yo lo incluiría en en caso &lt;em&gt;dativo o intensificador del verbo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;A veces, el pronombre reflexivo sirve únicamente para intensificar el significado del verbo, en construcciones transitivas o intransitivas.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase original debería ser &quot;Ursula no le hizo caso, sino que se llevó &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; los niños a rezar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la frase alternativa, yo diría que es incorrecta, pero en cualquier caso &lt;em&gt;suena&lt;/em&gt; horrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5466" LastEditorUserId="5466" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T08:35:11.803" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T08:35:11.803" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9994" CreationDate="2014-10-29T09:16:41.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a language teacher nor a linguist but I think your teacher is wrong or you missunderstood something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; dog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; perro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perro&lt;/em&gt; is not a modified noun (appart from being indefinite) there but it is not a particular dog so we use indefinite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; (same than last week) dog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; perro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second situation you mention, I don't understand your question, sorry. But I can say that &lt;em&gt;llegar a ser&lt;/em&gt; (that is, &lt;strong&gt;become&lt;/strong&gt;) accepts both definite and indefinite direct objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've become &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; best lawyer of New York&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He llegado a ser &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; mejor abogado de Nueva York.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've become &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; good lawyer at New York.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He llegado a ser &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; buen abogado en Nueva York.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T09:16:41.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9994" CreationDate="2014-10-29T09:48:23.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;indefinite articles (un, una) are used only before modified nouns,&#xA;  that is nouns followed by adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that this is not true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A modified noun with &quot;una&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;una casa roja&#xA;(=a red house)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unmodified noun with &quot;una&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;una casa &#xA;(=a house)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both sentences are perfectly valid in Spanish. And, regarding modified and unmodified nouns, definite articles behave like indefinite ones, there is no difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A modified noun with &quot;la&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;la casa roja &#xA;(=the red house)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unmodified noun with &quot;la&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;la casa &#xA;(=the house)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T09:48:23.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10002" CreationDate="2014-10-29T10:26:28.640" Score="8" ViewCount="3612" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know spoon is &lt;strong&gt;cuchara&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. But I have also read that &lt;strong&gt;cuchara&lt;/strong&gt; is a vulgar slang term for vagina in countries like Venezuela, Guatemala, and El Salvador. My question is what's the word one should use for spoon in those countries so as not to sound vulgar or uneducated? Certainly &lt;strong&gt;cuchara&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't sound like a safe bet in a society where it can stand for a sex organ, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T18:13:32.863" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T18:13:32.863" Title="Spanish for &quot;spoon&quot; in Venezuela and Guatemala" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2014-10-29T11:01:12.280" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Feel free to say cuchara, the situation and the context will be enough for your interlocutor to understand if your're talking about a spoon... or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although is told that in Guatemala people replace this word with the diminutive &quot;cucharilla&quot; when speaking about spoons to avoid confusion, it's not true: in Guatemala people do say cuchara for a spoon, and cucharilla for a little spoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(check &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuchara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuchara&lt;/a&gt; and &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://paginadelosporque.blogspot.com.es/2012/10/por-que-en-venezuela-le-dicen.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://paginadelosporque.blogspot.com.es/2012/10/por-que-en-venezuela-le-dicen.html&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastEditorUserId="2800" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T15:07:51.273" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T15:07:51.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9997" CreationDate="2014-10-29T11:16:58.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, hay que recordar que &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; solo tiene interpretación indirecto si le sigue un pronombre átono directo.  No puede representar los niños, porque si &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; fuese reflexivo con referencia a ellos, el verbo tendría que acordarse con &lt;em&gt;los niños&lt;/em&gt;, pero está en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que necesitaría algo más de contexto para estar seguro pero...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; llevó &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; los niños a rezar&lt;/em&gt; significa más que les provocó a rezar, aunque la mayoría de los hablantes preferirían &lt;em&gt;los/las llevó a rezar&lt;/em&gt; para tal significado. (soy algo leísta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; tiene muchos usos transitivos, pero no carece de usos pronominales que obligan el uso de del pronombre reflexivo (&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; en tercera persona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo te llevo a un sitio&lt;sub&gt;* (Te dirijo o te conduzco al sitio aquel)*&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo te me llevo a un sitio&lt;sub&gt;* (Te quito de dónde estés y te llevo al sitio aquel en plan secuestro o para escaparte de algo)*&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, pone muchísimo énfasis en el acto de tomar la cosa en vez de entregarla o transportarla, tanto que este uso lo define la RAE como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quitar algo a alguien, en general con violencia, o furtivamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que la primera parte dice que no le hizo caso, se supone que ella recogió a los niños contra la voluntad del / la que representa «le» por lo que está en forma pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T11:22:43.487" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T11:22:43.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-29T11:24:00.680" Score="3" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;strong&gt;receta&lt;/strong&gt; and recipe descend from a common Latin source, &lt;strong&gt;receptus&lt;/strong&gt;. And &lt;strong&gt;receptus&lt;/strong&gt; is the past participle of &lt;strong&gt;recipiō&lt;/strong&gt;, which means to take or receive. This Latin word also evolved into receipt of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion is how did the word for receipt evolve to become recipe and &lt;strong&gt;receta&lt;/strong&gt;? There seems to be no bridge between them whatsoever!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T14:26:51.420" Title="Etymology of &quot;receta&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10004" CreationDate="2014-10-29T14:19:42.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both come from the latin &lt;code&gt;recepta&lt;/code&gt;, but apparently Spanish one evoluted differently. However, from what I see in the RAE &lt;code&gt;recepta&lt;/code&gt; is still accepted: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/recepta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/recepta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;recepta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. recepta, t. f. de -tus, recibido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Libro en que se llevaba la razón de las multas impuestas por el Consejo de Indias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. ant. Receta médica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I see in &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_hist%C3%B3rica_del_lat%C3%ADn#5._Rivus_non_r.C3.ADus.2C_s.C3.ADbilus_non_s.C3.ADfilus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Evolución histórica del latín#Rivus non ríus, síbilus non sífilus&lt;/a&gt; it was common from the &lt;code&gt;/p/&lt;/code&gt; to &quot;fall&quot;, so it might be the reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the etimology in Spanish and English in the following pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?receta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias.dechile.net - receta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;&lt;b&gt;receta&lt;/b&gt;&quot; viene del latín &lt;i&gt;recepta&lt;/i&gt; y&#xA;  significa &quot;nota escrita detallando un procedimiento&quot;. Sus componentes&#xA;  léxicos son: el prefijo re- (reiteración), &lt;i&gt;capere&lt;/i&gt; (capturar,&#xA;  agarrar, tomar), más el sufijo -to (que ha recibido la acción). Ver:&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;/latin/&quot;&gt;prefijos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/latin/?Sufijos&quot;&gt;sufijos&lt;/a&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;/latin/?Raices&quot;&gt;otras raíces latinas&lt;/a&gt;, receptor y recipiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/receipt?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dictionary.com - receipt&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;late 14c., &quot;act of receiving;&quot; also &quot;statement of ingredients in a&#xA;  potion or medicine;&quot; from Anglo-French or Old North French receite&#xA;  &quot;receipt, recipe, prescription&quot; (c.1300), altered (by influence of&#xA;  receit &quot;he receives,&quot; from Vulgar Latin *recipit) from Old French&#xA;  recete, from Latin recepta &quot;received,&quot; fem. past participle of&#xA;  recipere (see receive ). Meaning &quot;written acknowledgment of money or&#xA;  goods received&quot; is from c.1600.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a funny thing, in Catalan it is said just &lt;code&gt;recepta&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T14:26:51.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2014-10-29T14:49:36.093" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll add an answer since the current accepted answer doesn't reflect the situation in Guatemala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is very simple, too. In Guatemalan Spanish &lt;code&gt;cuchara&lt;/code&gt; is the word you use. Context will make it very clear, and, unless you're among close friends, no one is going to assume you're using the slang term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito una cuchara... Si no, no puedo comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's perfectly valid, no one will overthink it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cucharilla&lt;/code&gt; would mean a small spoon here, just like the other post pointed out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly I don't have any sources, but I've been living here for 20+ years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T14:49:36.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2014-10-29T19:57:10.120" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it is true that in Venezuela &quot;cuchara&quot; can be slang for vagina, it's a perfectly safe word to use. Everyone uses it and no one will think it's vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cucharilla&quot; is for small spoons like a teaspoon. &quot;Cuchara&quot; is for the bigger, soup spoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: Born, raised and living in Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6869" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T19:57:10.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9994" CreationDate="2014-10-30T01:34:05.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indefinite articles (un, una) are used &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; before modified nouns,&#xA;that is nouns followed by adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;False.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usage, as well as the difference in usage, of definite and indefinite articles has no dependency on whether or not the following word is a modified noun or a noun.  They're both the same thing, a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;'Modified Noun` is itself, a modified noun.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, it is a noun at the end of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definite articles, like &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; , are used to define a particular object or subject.  It conveys singularity, while the indefinite articles: &lt;code&gt;un&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt; suggest there are more than one of this subject/object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;These rules are exactly the same in English.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T01:39:27.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2014-10-30T01:57:17.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; is pretty passive, but the word itself suggests something to be clear and concrete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt;, to me, sounds like the equivalent of &lt;code&gt;Yeah sure&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Alright.&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Ok&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Gotcha&lt;/code&gt; and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/code&gt; translates to something synonymous with this awful sentence ...&lt;code&gt;It is supposed&lt;/code&gt;.  ... or better said, &lt;code&gt;Of course&lt;/code&gt;..  &amp;lt;- That phrase carries just as much respect with it as the Spanish &lt;em&gt;translation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T01:57:17.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9989" CreationDate="2014-10-30T02:19:47.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears to me, from a Google image search, that &lt;code&gt;azófar&lt;/code&gt; refers to something made with  brass and not entirely of brass, while latón seems to be just a pure untainted pile of raw brass, ready to be melted without having to remove other solids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?q=lat%C3%B3n&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/search?q=lat%C3%B3n&amp;amp;tbm=isch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?q=az%C3%B3far&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/search?q=az%C3%B3far&amp;amp;tbm=isch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?azo.far&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?azo.far&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T02:19:47.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9997" CreationDate="2014-10-30T05:54:34.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí esa parte y definitivamente le falta una &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa parte Melquíades rompe un frasco de bibloruro de mercurio, ella le reclama por el olor, Melquíades hace una explicación/juego como acostumbraba y es donde viene la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre didáctico, hizo [Melquíades] una sabia exposición sobre las virtudes diabólicas del cinabrio. Úrsula no le hizo caso, sino que se llevó los niños a rezar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entiende que por el mal olor ella no querría estar ahí, y mucho menos con los niños, entonces lo más apropiado sería &lt;em&gt;llevárselos&lt;/em&gt; a otro lugar. Decidió llevarlos a rezar que probablemente sería a la iglesia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se llevó &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; los niños a rezar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que no esté la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; porque muchas veces las &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt; se contraen al hablar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué vas a hacer hoy? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; desaparece quedando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué vas hacer hoy? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vas a hacer&lt;/em&gt; se contrae, hay dos &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt; juntas y éstas tienden a combinarse. Muchas personas jamás se enteran de que debería haber una &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; escrita ahí, sin embargo cuando se habla lentamente ahí si se pronuncia, es decir si yo quiero pronunciar cada palabra si aparece, o al menos debería porque es la combinación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir a + verbo en infinitivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy/vas/va/vais/vamos/van a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;comer&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;hablar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;caminar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;hacer&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;hablar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí se juntan bastante &lt;em&gt;llevó&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; , pero me parece que sí se escucha claramente la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. Es probable que se haya tratado de un error o quiso hacer el diálogo más acorde a la pronunciación real [aunque repito considero que si se escucha la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;se llevó &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; los niños a rezar &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el habla rápida la pronunciación quedaría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;se llevoá los niños a rezar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a tus preguntas. Cuando dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llevó los niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir que ella &lt;em&gt;llevó&lt;/em&gt; a los niños a algún lugar, se usa se porque los niños son pequeños entonces ellos son manejables y responden a la voluntad de la persona a cargo, por lo tanto ella &lt;em&gt;se los puede llevar&lt;/em&gt; como si de una cosa se tratase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sino que le llevó el niño a rezar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer no está mal y se entiende bien pero yo lo diría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sino que le llevó al niño para rezar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí Úrsula está llevando a los niños con una persona en especial, y los está llevando para que recen pero no tiene nada que ver con el significado del principio que es, llevar a los niños fuera a rezar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T21:02:53.100" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T21:02:53.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-10-30T12:12:45.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Venezuela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cálatela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te la calas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6871" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T12:12:45.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-31T00:08:08.290" Score="2" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say, in Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mystery wrapped in an enigma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un misterio envuelto en un enigma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;be correct grammar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6818" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T01:04:56.823" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T03:23:24.930" Title="Mystery wrapped in an enigma" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10014" CreationDate="2014-10-31T01:03:58.380" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is the way I would translate it too. Sounds &lt;strong&gt;perfectly correct&lt;/strong&gt; to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be OK too (to expand a little bit my answer):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un enigma que envuelve un misterio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un enigma que encierra un misterio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;un enigma dentro de un misterio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Although this is less close to your original sentence)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually in Spanish we say that mysteries and/or enigmas &lt;code&gt;envuelven&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;encierran&lt;/code&gt; something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un misterio (o enigma) envuelve la desaparición del avion en el triángulo de las Bermudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué misterios encierra la &lt;em&gt;Casa Encantada de la Montaña Tenebrosa&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T01:17:42.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10017" CreationDate="2014-10-31T01:07:49.053" Score="2" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is certain that you will find a secretary who can use a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first part &lt;code&gt;es cierto&lt;/code&gt; indicates that there is no use of subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part I have problem with is the part that says &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; can use a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should it be &lt;strong&gt;que pueda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es cierto que encontrarás a una secretaria que pueda usar una computadora. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;strong&gt;puede&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es cierto que encontrarás a una secretaria que puede usar una computadora. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) the subjunctive is used to show doubt but also to show impersonal expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this, I find the phrase, &lt;code&gt;es verdad&lt;/code&gt;, kinda hard to categorize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should it be indicative or subjunctive mood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-11-03T13:47:58.650" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T13:47:58.650" Title="The use of present subjunctive" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10016" CreationDate="2014-10-31T01:28:37.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whether a clause needs subjunctive or not depends exclusively on (for subordinates) the clause immediately superior to it in the sentence hierarchy, (for relatives/adjective clauses) the noun that it modifies, and (for noun clauses) the surety and subjectivity thereof.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;que encontrarás&lt;sub&gt;/encuentras/vas a encontrar&lt;/sub&gt; a un secretario&lt;/em&gt; is a noun clause which is described as &lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt;, therefore, it needs indicative, as we know it is certain and is not colored by emotion or value judgments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;que sepa usar un ordenador&lt;/em&gt; is a relative clause that modifies &lt;em&gt;un secretario&lt;/em&gt;.  We do not know who this secretary is as it's indefinite, therefore, it requires subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can generally safely ignore any part of a sentence other than the parent clause or head noun when determining whether you need subjunctive or indicative as mood doesn't cascade down the clause hierarchy. (this isn't to say that the rest of a sentence might not provide context you need to decide, just that grammatically speaking, they don't affect mood).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T21:30:22.040" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T21:30:22.040" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27439" CreationDate="2014-10-31T06:43:04.180" Score="5" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alipús&lt;/strong&gt; is the word for booze in Mexico but I don't understand where it comes from. To me it sounds like an Arabic loanword but that's just a wild guess. So far I haven't been able to find its etymology anywhere online. The only fact I've been able to dig out so far is that there's a brand of mezcal from Oaxaca that goes by the name, Mezcal Alipús San Andrés but that doesn't suffice. Could it be a Nahuatl loan borrowing? Also, is the word known anywhere outside of Mexico? If so, does it mean the same thing there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-11-01T04:42:19.073" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T21:47:34.117" Title="Etymology of alipús" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10020" CreationDate="2014-10-31T15:44:42.397" Score="1" ViewCount="853" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best informal imperative form for saying Be Quiet! or Hush! e.g. to a small child or pet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine said &lt;em&gt;¡Callado!&lt;/em&gt; would work, not sure about that or &lt;em&gt;¡Cállate!&lt;/em&gt; (which I guess means &quot;shut up&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T17:13:53.133" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T00:03:12.047" Title="imperative for Be Quiet / Hush" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10019" CreationDate="2014-10-31T15:58:13.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calla&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cállate&lt;/em&gt;, as well as &lt;em&gt;(estate) callado&lt;/em&gt; will work, meaning exactly &lt;em&gt;shut up&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;be quiet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;em&gt;silencio&lt;/em&gt;, and the shush &lt;em&gt;shhh&lt;/em&gt;. And maybe &lt;em&gt;chitón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of these will work for adult the same as for children. I don't know of any words specifically for children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="6880" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T22:04:04.550" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T22:04:04.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10019" CreationDate="2014-10-31T16:21:46.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you go for singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Calla. Cállate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as you suggested. If you go for plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Callaos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I would not consider that informal. I'm unsure if culturally is considered less rude than in English to tell somebody to &lt;em&gt;shut up&lt;/em&gt;. Also I think that many people use wrongly the imperative in Spanish (I mean, native Spanish Speakers), using the infinitive instead of imperative when referring to the plural (e.g. &lt;code&gt;vamos, comer&lt;/code&gt;, instead of &lt;code&gt;vamos, comed&lt;/code&gt;). I can confirm that your friend is wrong when suggesting &lt;code&gt;callado&lt;/code&gt;. That is the participle and not the imperative. Would only work if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estate callado, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the is &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; what is in the imperative form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, for a kid I would use the &lt;code&gt;Estate callado, por favor&lt;/code&gt; form (you want to teach them manners, after all). For a pet, I would probably go with just &lt;code&gt;chisst!!&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;calla&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T16:27:49.443" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T16:27:49.443" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-31T22:08:27.330" Score="3" ViewCount="14550" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si hay alguna diferencia en sentido o situaciones cuando se aplica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He recibido &quot;no te vayas a ir&quot; de mi amiga (de Colombia) pero no estoy seguro como hay que interpretar esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2150" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T22:06:16.333" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;no te vayas&quot; y &quot;no te vayas a ir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2014-11-01T00:57:28.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son básicamente iguales, sin embargo, &quot;No te vayas a ir&quot; denota a su vez una ubicación que no se menciona pero que debe sobreentenderse y parece expresar mayor urgencia o una orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &quot;No te vayas a ir&quot; (de ahí/de aquí)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &quot;Ya casi llego, no te vayas a ir&quot;=&quot;ya casi llego, no te vayas a ir de ahí&quot;&#xA; &quot;Aún no has terminado, no te vayas a ir&quot;=&quot;Aún no has terminado, no te vayas a ir de aquí&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1589" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T00:57:28.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2014-11-01T11:08:00.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si fuera a traducir &quot;don't even think about leaving&quot; en español, diría &quot;no te vayas a ir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T11:08:00.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10028" CreationDate="2014-11-01T19:00:36.830" Score="0" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Buenas, amigos!  Yo tengo una pregunta, yo escucho una canción, y algunas palabras son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te tengo que decir adios&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo?  Al decir &quot;I have to say goodbye&quot; en español, ¿por qué no dice &quot;yo tengo a decir adios&quot;?  Porque dice &quot;te&quot; antes de &quot;tengo&quot;?  ¿Y por qué dice &quot;que&quot; y no &quot;a&quot; antes de &quot;decir&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias, y lo siento por mi español, yo sé que no es bueno pero ¡¡estoy aprendiendo!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2569" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-01T20:21:26.927" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T05:39:28.997" Title="&quot;Te tengo que decir adiós&quot; o &quot;tengo a decir adiós&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-11-01T19:26:00.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence uses &quot;Te&quot; because it refers to someone, i.e: &quot;I have to say goodbye [to you]&quot;.&#xA;About why it uses &quot;que&quot; instead of &quot;a&quot;, with &quot;a&quot; the sentence won't have any meaning, in Spanish, &quot;have to&quot; is almost always translated to &quot;tener que&quot; (in this case &quot;tengo que&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4141" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T19:26:00.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-11-02T01:41:08.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though &quot;I have to say goodbye&quot; could be translated merely as &quot;Tengo que decir adiós&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; tengo que decir adiós&quot; is literally &quot;I have to say goodbye &lt;em&gt;to you&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; here is just a use of the dative case, that's why it's easier to understand it if you look at the sentence as &quot;I have to say goodbye &lt;em&gt;to you&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you can see now the noun which the goodbye is being addressed to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for why &lt;em&gt;tengo que&lt;/em&gt; is used is because &quot;have to&quot; implies obligation or necessity, which in Spanish needs the conjunction &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, just like in English it needs &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; in order to become a modal verb (often considered as such, not sure if it indeed is one or just simply the verb like in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="6886" LastEditDate="2014-11-02T05:39:28.997" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T05:39:28.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10065" CreationDate="2014-11-02T11:21:55.523" Score="8" ViewCount="2298" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Google, las palabras inglesas &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;security&amp;quot;, traducidas al castellano, ambas significan &amp;quot;seguridad&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;security&amp;quot; no significan exactamente lo mismo en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; es la característica intrínseca de un objeto de ser seguro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inglés:&lt;/strong&gt; The device was designed with safety in mind, so feel free to experiment with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Castellano:&lt;/strong&gt; El dispositivo ha sido diseñado para que se pueda usar de manera segura, así que puedes experimentar libremente con él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &amp;quot;security&amp;quot; denota que se ha establecido un proceso o conjunto de reglas que tienen que ser ejecutados para que algo sea seguro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inglés:&lt;/strong&gt; We follow a strict security code to minimize the risks associated to operating in a hostile environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Castellano:&lt;/strong&gt; Seguimos un estricto código de seguridad para minimizar los riesgos asociados a operar en un entorno hostil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi mala suerte, tengo que escribir un documento formal en castellano, en el cual necesito hacer explícita la distinción entre estas dos acepciones del término &amp;quot;seguridad&amp;quot;. ¿Existe algún par de palabras en castellano que me permita transmitir esta diferencia de significados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: Mi situación es similar a la de la FSF cuando define &amp;quot;free software&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;free as in speech&amp;quot;, no &amp;quot;free as in beer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Google, the English words &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;security&amp;quot; can be both translated to Spanish as &amp;quot;seguridad&amp;quot;. However, &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;security&amp;quot; do not quite mean the same thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This device is [intrinsically] &lt;em&gt;safe&lt;/em&gt; to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We must follow a strict &lt;em&gt;security&lt;/em&gt; code [that we had to set up because we operate in an unsafe environment].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am writing a formal document in Spanish in which I must precisely convey the difference between these two concepts. What Spanish words could I use as drop-in replacements for &amp;quot;safety&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;security&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: My situation is similar to that of the FSF when they define &amp;quot;free software&amp;quot; to be &amp;quot;free as in speech&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;free as in beer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T09:31:15.497" Title="Palabras en castellano análogas a &quot;safety&quot; y &quot;security&quot; en inglés" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10016" CreationDate="2014-11-02T11:49:09.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nope, still indicative because you are &lt;strong&gt;certain&lt;/strong&gt; that this person exists. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your sentance had been: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I doubt you will find a secretary who can use a computer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would have had to use the subjunctive...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dudo que encuentres un secretario que sepa usar un ordenador&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you &lt;strong&gt;doubt&lt;/strong&gt; you will find this person, so they don't necessarily exist. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6851" LastEditorUserId="6851" LastEditDate="2014-11-02T16:42:37.670" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T16:42:37.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2014-11-02T13:24:04.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No te vayas&quot; simply means &quot;Don't leave&quot;. It is a mere request for the other party in a conversation not to leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The analysis of &quot;No te vayas a ir&quot; is a little bit more complicated. In Spanish, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;lt;infinitive verb phrase&amp;gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; denotes that an action will be performed (or is intended to be performed) in some &quot;near future&quot;. In English, this is roughly analogous to the use of the present continuous. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; Esta noche &lt;strong&gt;vamos a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cenar afuera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; Tonight we &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;eating outside&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿&lt;strong&gt;No vas a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;salir a caminar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Aren't&lt;/strong&gt; you &lt;em&gt;going for a walk&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Timeline&#xA;&#xA;                present         near future (tonight)&#xA;-------------------|----------------------|-----------------------&#xA;               intend to             eat outside&#xA;                                    walk outside&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The notion of &quot;near future&quot; is not necessarily relative to the present. Rather, it is relative to the tense in which the verb &quot;ir&quot; is conjugated. In particular, if &quot;ir&quot; is used in the past tense, the action was intended to be performed not too long after some fixed moment in the past. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; Ella &lt;strong&gt;iba a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;regresar a su casa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; She &lt;strong&gt;was about to&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;go back home&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Timeline&#xA;&#xA;    fixed moment      immediately&#xA;    in the past       afterwards                 present&#xA;---------|-----------------|------------------------|-------------&#xA;     intend to        go back home&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish grammar has the awkward (and completely illogical) property that accusative and dative pronouns modifying an infinitive can be (and often are) &quot;upgraded&quot; to modify the &quot;parent&quot; modal verb instead. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; I want to hug her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; Quiero abrazar&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;. [Literal translation.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;La&lt;/em&gt; quiero abrazar. [Illogical, but idiomatic.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;ir a &amp;lt;X&amp;gt;&quot; construction defined above is no exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm leaving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; Voy a irme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; Me voy a ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now we can finally analyze our original phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt; Don't you (dare / intend to) leave!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; ¡No vayas a irte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; ¡No te vayas a ir!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="326" LastEditDate="2014-11-02T13:29:37.067" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T13:29:37.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2673" CreationDate="2014-11-02T16:46:37.107" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me estás haciendo dar hambre&quot; is the correct way. if you say &quot;Me das hambre&quot; she'll probably understand you want to eat her. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6889" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T16:46:37.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10035" CreationDate="2014-11-03T13:50:46.320" Score="5" ViewCount="3855" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. pene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción es conocida en Argentina, pero por lo que me dijeron, no es universal, ni siquiera en Sudamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe a qué países aplica y a cuáles no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T21:22:08.153" LastActivityDate="2020-02-02T01:38:49.973" Title="¿En qué países aplica la acepción anatómica de &quot;pito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10034" CreationDate="2014-11-03T18:05:54.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Países en los que &lt;strong&gt;pito&lt;/strong&gt; significa pene:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia (en desuso)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paraguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uruguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guatemala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Países en los que no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Salvador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Perú? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2020-02-02T01:38:49.973" LastActivityDate="2020-02-02T01:38:49.973" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-11-03T18:05:54.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10043" CreationDate="2014-11-03T22:28:30.503" Score="1" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;Present subjunctive or subjunctive in general is used to express doubt. Even though this has been explicitly stated on my textbook, there still came times when I found some example sentences of subjunctive confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pensamos que tú tengas razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que va a nevar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pensamos&lt;/em&gt;, to me, introduces a sense of certainty. Err...actually, I am not too sure, but these sentences are correct just that I don't understand why they are written this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it looks like, looks like nothing like a indicative sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterall, my question is &lt;strong&gt;why are written like such?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And what are a effective way to identify subjunctive sentences?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T22:01:21.390" Title="Use of subjunctive" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2014-11-03T22:43:25.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eso se debe haber popularizado con el reggaeton aquí en Perú no era muy conocido pero se extendió  a raíz de la música , se hizo una &lt;a href=&quot;http://catalogo-total.blogspot.com/2013/12/guia-de-moda-zapatos-de-primavera.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moda&lt;/a&gt; y tendencia . ya que actualmente se utiliza para describir tanto hombre como mujer atractiva físicamente . pero la mayor parte de las personas se lo dicen de una manera de decir atractivo pero de alguna manera divertida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6894" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-28T18:02:46.617" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T18:02:46.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10036" CreationDate="2014-11-03T23:36:44.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about subjunctive mood are rarely simple or quick. I found that better understanding the English subjunctive goes a long way to understanding the nuance presented by subjunctive mood in Spanish.&#xA;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_subjunctive&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I insist (that) he leave (not 'leaves') now.&#xA;We asked that it be (not 'was') done yesterday.&#xA;I braked in order that the car stay (not 'stays') on the road.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if you don't use subjunctive mood, the English sentences sound awkward, such as that spoken by a very young child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that in English, as in Spanish, the subjunctive is used when there's influence, or a hypothetical phrase, as in my examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T23:36:44.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10036" CreationDate="2014-11-04T00:44:39.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An effective way to identify a subjunctive sentence is via its conjugation.  Identifying &lt;em&gt;when&lt;/em&gt; you need to &lt;em&gt;use&lt;/em&gt; it is much more complex, at times obligatory, at others verboten, and of course with an occasion for it to be more or less optional based on intended meaning and a very complex topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples, the answers are straightforward and fall in the obligatorily indicative or subjunctive category.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, what is in question is probability.  Is what is contained in the subordinate (or dependent) clause guaranteed to be a part of reality (caveat: in the mind of the speaker in the superordinate clause?    Looking at your sentences we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No pensamos que tú [tener] razón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The question becomes whether &lt;em&gt;tú [tener] razón&lt;/em&gt; is 100% guaranteed a part of our (since nosotros) thoughts/reality.  Because we do &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; think it, it is certainly &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a part of our reality, and therefore, when subordinated, the clause goes in subjunctive.  &lt;em&gt;No pensamos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; introduce certainty: the certainty of it &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; being real, ergo subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parece que va a nevar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;While the translation &quot;it seems&quot; might imply doubt, by virtue of it seeming so, it forms a part of the reality.  Parece is impersonal, so we don't need to associate it with anyone in particular, it seems it, and therefore it forms a part of reality (&lt;em&gt;within the context of the superordinate clause&lt;/em&gt;).  So when looking at &lt;em&gt;[ir] a nevar&lt;/em&gt;, since it forms part of the reality, we use indicative.  If we had said &lt;em&gt;no parece&lt;/em&gt;, it would not be considered a part of reality, and would be subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T00:44:39.160" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3813" CreationDate="2014-11-04T17:07:04.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un nombre poco comun,  es mas frecuente Felix,  y es pmuy probable que la gente no sepa de la existencia del mito del ave Fenix.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T17:07:04.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2014-11-04T17:09:54.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia he oido que se usa en jerga callejera en Bogota,  para denotar a un proxeneta, tambien conocido como chulo o en ingles pimp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T17:09:54.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2014-11-06T00:00:20.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think there is an strict etimology for this. &quot;Alipus&quot; was just a very popular liquor trademark and therefore it is now used to refer to any type of alcoholic drink. It is something like the word aspirin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5711" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T00:00:20.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10019" CreationDate="2014-11-06T00:03:12.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more polite you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guarda silencio por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which would translate to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Keep quiet please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5711" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T00:03:12.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10059" CreationDate="2014-11-06T12:59:03.273" Score="2" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words translate as band, group, faction, or gang according to Wiktionary. Although the words do have a few other meanings as well but I am only interested in this context for now. So, in the context of group or faction, do &lt;strong&gt;banda&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;bando&lt;/strong&gt; have any difference in meaning or usage? Or is it just a matter of dialectical choice? What would be the preferred word in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T16:01:44.523" Title="Bando vs banda: What's the difference?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10056" CreationDate="2014-11-06T13:14:04.443" Score="5" ViewCount="3862" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary translates both as fight or struggle. Is there any subtle difference in usage or context, or is it just a matter of personal choice? Which of the two is preferred in Latin America (Mexico in particular), in case they have no lexical difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T15:48:24.013" LastActivityDate="2020-01-23T22:43:34.670" Title="&quot;Lucha&quot; vs &quot;Pelea&quot;: what's the difference?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10084" CreationDate="2014-11-06T14:15:48.297" Score="2" ViewCount="377" Body="&lt;p&gt;The football player Angel Di Maria has a tattoo that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nacer en El Perdriel fue y será lo mejor que me pasó en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CJnmY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CJnmY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To be &lt;em&gt;born in El Perdriel&lt;/em&gt; was and will be the best thing that has&#xA;  ever happened in my life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what if I want to say this in Spanish? : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To be &lt;em&gt;Omega Hanggara's brother&lt;/em&gt; was and will be the best thing that&#xA;  ever happened in my life&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6908" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T14:07:38.680" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T21:54:51.200" Title="How would you translate &quot;To be (something) was and will be the best thing that (something)&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10054" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-06T14:46:03.927" Score="2" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm reading this article on El País and I bumped into a phrase which sounds a little weird (even though I can guess the meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ver, con matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest thing that comes to mind is &quot;enough beating around the bush, let's get to the point&quot;. Or am I entirely missing the picture here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is this a regular phrase? &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Can one use it in real conversation?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;If anyone has any examples with it, I'd be greatful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T13:55:14.150" Title="&quot;Con matices&quot; meaning and usage" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10053" CreationDate="2014-11-06T14:49:51.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser el hermano de Omega Hanggara es y será lo mejor que me pasó en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account the use of acute a, and acute o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming that &quot;Omega Hanggara&quot; is a name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastEditorUserId="6886" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T04:44:05.367" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T04:44:05.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10052" CreationDate="2014-11-06T14:55:39.893" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &lt;code&gt;Lucha&lt;/code&gt; has a broader meaning, while &lt;code&gt;Pelea&lt;/code&gt; is a physical fight, a quarrel or discussion. For example you could use &lt;code&gt;Lucha&lt;/code&gt; like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lucha contra el cáncer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lucha contra los elementos, nieve, lluvia, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lucha consigo mismo, para superar sus tentaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lucha&lt;/code&gt; can imply a physical fight, but with a boarder sense or menaing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los aliados &lt;strong&gt;lucharon&lt;/strong&gt; contra los nazis en la segunda guerra mundial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could not substitute &lt;code&gt;lucha&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;pelea&lt;/code&gt; there, because is not a physical fight or a quarrel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos hombres se pelearon a puñetazos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se peleó con su jefe por el pago de las horas extras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(this means not physically, but verbally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos hermanos están &lt;strong&gt;peleados&lt;/strong&gt; y no se hablan. Se &lt;strong&gt;pelearon&lt;/strong&gt; hace mucho tiempo y todavía no han hecho las paces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T16:06:25.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10054" CreationDate="2014-11-06T14:55:50.997" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it is not what you think. Your phrase would say we are not going straight to what is the center of the question; when &quot;A ver, con matices&quot; is a way to say that what we are saying, is not exact and we have to observe differences between similar things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use that phrase when you want to warn the listener in not using whatever you are saying in a rigurous way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is common and used on conversations, when you want to talk about something but in a slightly different way it is used to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: im spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T14:55:50.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10051" CreationDate="2014-11-06T15:00:48.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Banda means a small group of people with common activities (mussical band or gangster band). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bando means a part in a conflict that is choosen (voluntarily or not) and is translated in english as &quot;faction&quot;. Using &quot;Banda&quot; as faction is weird at least in Spanier Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: im spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Warning! &#xA;Banda in spanish also means both sides of an stadium or delimited space. Also, it may mean a rubber band, like in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T15:00:48.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10051" CreationDate="2014-11-06T15:01:56.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Banda&lt;/code&gt; should be a smaller group. It has the meaning of a &lt;code&gt;gang&lt;/code&gt; or a &lt;code&gt;rock band&lt;/code&gt;. A &lt;code&gt;banda&lt;/code&gt; doesn't have many individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;bando&lt;/code&gt; has a broader meaning, like a faction in a war (e.g. &lt;code&gt;El bando aliado&lt;/code&gt; in World War II).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T15:01:56.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10054" CreationDate="2014-11-06T15:15:28.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Matices&lt;/code&gt; means nothing is neither white nor black for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Viene Pedro a la fiesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Me dio un &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot; con matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Que vendrá si termina a tiempo con otras cosas. Lo intentará, pero no se compromete porque otras cosas pueden interferir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you could say a smartphone is the best one &lt;code&gt;con matices&lt;/code&gt;, meaning that is the best one if you are going to use for this and that, but not that much for that other task, because it doesn't perform that well on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;code&gt;matiz&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;matices&lt;/code&gt; could be the rules by which you are judging something or someone. Is like saying &lt;code&gt;you have this **but** with or without that other thing in consideration&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish that words conveys the meaning of &lt;code&gt;nuance&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tint&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;shade&lt;/code&gt;... An aspect or variation in interpretation that could change the meaning of something, or a shade that makes things neither white nor black.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14346" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T13:55:14.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10052" CreationDate="2014-11-06T15:51:26.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lucha&lt;/code&gt; refers to a &lt;strong&gt;struggle&lt;/strong&gt; while &lt;code&gt;Pelea&lt;/code&gt; refers to literal fighting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even though &lt;code&gt;lucha&lt;/code&gt; also refers the acting of wrestling, wrestling itself is a struggle in itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T15:51:26.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10051" CreationDate="2014-11-06T15:52:38.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both have related meanings linked to a group of people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are talking about a music band a gang you use &lt;code&gt;banda&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una banda de rock. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a rock band.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una banda de ladrones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A thief gang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Banda sonora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soundtrack, related to music band.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In México you'll see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Banda de viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is a music band of northern Mexican music with air instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the topic is &lt;code&gt;bando&lt;/code&gt; the meaning goes to the faction meaning is easier because it has less meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La opinión pública se dividió en dos bandos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The public opinion was divided into two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both words have other meaning but they are etymologically apart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of these two words is basically the same in the entire Spanish speaking world but I found that &lt;code&gt;bando&lt;/code&gt; in Spain means also an edict, to publish a law or something official said by the government. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico when you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te gusta &lt;code&gt;la banda&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you like banda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're asking to a person if likes the music of banda —&lt;strong&gt;La música de banda&lt;/strong&gt;—. This is a Mexican music genre very popular among the northern states and now very spread all over the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La banda&lt;/code&gt; like this as a noun refers specifically to this genre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no me gusta la banda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, I don't like banda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-11-06T16:01:44.523" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T16:01:44.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10064" CreationDate="2014-11-06T19:57:12.400" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is the following: «Volverse derezoso es el modo de permitir el deterioro de la virtude.» I tried looking for the meaning, but I didn't find one. I think this is probably a typo, and they might want to say &quot;perezoso&quot;. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T03:23:56.800" Title="What is the meaning of derezoso? and in this context? or is it perezoso?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10063" CreationDate="2014-11-06T20:02:53.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might be a typo and be &lt;code&gt;perezoso&lt;/code&gt;, as you are suggesting. There's another typo with &lt;code&gt;virtude&lt;/code&gt; which should be &lt;code&gt;virtud&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked to see in ancient forms of Spanish if the word was pronounced or spelled like that, and I couldn't find anything, so I'm positive that is a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that now that is clarified that it is indeed &lt;em&gt;perezoso&lt;/em&gt;, it is clear that in that context it means that if you let yourself be lazy, you are going to allow your good qualities to go to waste (you would not take care of things because you are not focusing on them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="6886" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T03:23:56.800" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T03:23:56.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10029" CreationDate="2014-11-06T20:26:38.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if that would be of any help, but in ICAO (and, as far as I know, in other UN bodies) Spanish translators use &quot;seguridad operacional&quot;, whenever there's &quot;safety&quot; in the English document and simply &quot;seguridad&quot;, when it is &quot;security&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between the two being that safety (seguridad operacional) is understood as inherent or built-in quality of a well-designed object, say, aircraft, in the sense that it was designed to stand the operational stresses, severe weather conditions; that there is no chance a passenger would hit his/her temple against a salient part of a carry-on luggage shelf and drop dead. Meanwhile, security (seguridad) is understood as an ability to withstand malevolent infringements: terrorist attacks, unruly passengers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mind that the distinction is only made whenever the two terms appear in the same text and different translations are there to avoid confusion. In other instances, both may be &quot;seguridad&quot;, or, depending on a context, more fitting term may be found (like &quot;integridad&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6910" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T20:26:38.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10066" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-06T22:00:26.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de una palabra o de una expresión puede variar según se use suelta o dentro de un contexto especificado. Las preguntas marcadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/significado&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;significado&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt; deben tratar de dilucidar el significado de alguna palabra o frase que, por cualquier circunstancia, represente una dificultad para el lector u oyente de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of a word or expression may vary when used by itself as opposed to within a given context. Questions marked with the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/significado&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;significado&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt; tag may inquire about the meaning of such words or sentences that, for whichever reason, represent a difficulty for the listener or reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notable questions marked as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/significado&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;significado&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3436/12637&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de “órale” y su origen?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4015/12637&quot;&gt;¿Qué significa “sollado”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19415/12637&quot;&gt;¿Por qué “palmar” es morir?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:51:00.020" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:51:00.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10067" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-06T22:00:26.557" Score="0" Body="Significado de una palabra ya sea suelta o dentro de un contexto dado. //&#xD;&#xA;Meaning of a word within or without a given context." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:51:00.020" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:51:00.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10069" CreationDate="2014-11-07T02:51:58.097" Score="2" ViewCount="553" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dictionaries say both mean treaty or treatment except that &lt;strong&gt;tratado&lt;/strong&gt; also happens to be the past participle of &lt;strong&gt;tratar&lt;/strong&gt;. Other than &lt;strong&gt;tratado&lt;/strong&gt;'s meaning as the past participle of &lt;strong&gt;tratar&lt;/strong&gt;, that's the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add to the confusion, &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt; also means treatment. But then so does &lt;strong&gt;tratamiento&lt;/strong&gt;! How are &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tratamiento&lt;/strong&gt; different in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T03:51:30.037" Title="&quot;Tratado&quot; vs. &quot;trato&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10068" CreationDate="2014-11-07T03:37:42.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, to start with &lt;code&gt;tratado&lt;/code&gt; can have other meanings beyond the past participle of &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt;. It can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- An &lt;strong&gt;official&lt;/strong&gt; agreement (treaty, like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Treaty of Tordesillas&lt;/a&gt; o Tratado de Tordesillas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;tratado&lt;/strong&gt; de XXX le daba la mitad del imperio a un rey y la otra mitad a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;strong&gt;official&lt;/strong&gt; is the keyword there. It is the kind of agreement that you get when the parties involved might be kingdoms, empires, the pope, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- A book, discussion or work about a certain matter, generally long, extensive and deep (treatise)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Libro de YYY es el mejor &lt;strong&gt;tratado&lt;/strong&gt; sobre matemáticas escrito en el siglo XIII&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Trato&lt;/code&gt;, apart of the variations for &lt;code&gt;Tratar&lt;/code&gt; can mean also an agreement, but is more like a comercial or mundane agreement than the official agreement of &lt;code&gt;Tratado&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt; con mi socio. Él se encarga de las finanzas y yo del papeleo burocrático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could even have an &lt;em&gt;informal&lt;/em&gt; trato with somebody&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt; con mi padre. Si saco todo sobresalientes me dejará usar su coche los fines de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te propongo un &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt;, si tú barres el suelo yo friego los platos y hagos las camas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in Spanish we would favor &lt;strong&gt;acuerdo&lt;/strong&gt; for a legal agreement (for example between two companies) instead of &lt;strong&gt;trato&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the difference between &lt;code&gt;trato&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tratamiento&lt;/code&gt;, when referring about addressing to somebody, I think there is no big difference. Maybe just personal preferences to pick one word or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Deberías corregir la cabecera de ese email, el &lt;strong&gt;tratamiento&lt;/strong&gt; correcto para esa persona es debería ser &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;de tú&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: En serio? Yo siempre le trato &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;de tú&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; cuando le veo!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;code&gt;treatment&lt;/code&gt; could also mean &lt;em&gt;medical treatment&lt;/em&gt;, in which case is always &lt;code&gt;tratamiento&lt;/code&gt; and never &lt;code&gt;trato&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;tratamiento&lt;/strong&gt; para esta enfermedad consiste simplemente en una vacuna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T03:51:30.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10070" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10077" CreationDate="2014-11-07T04:40:12.160" Score="1" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;Online dictionaries translate both as jokes but I am sure they've got to have some differences in either meaning or usage. Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, although the difference between &lt;strong&gt;broma&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; has already been asked and covered elsewhere, I would like someone to put that in perspective here. Is the following order of severity good enough?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;chanza&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;broma&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;burla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even so, how do I decide whether a particular joke is &lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;chanza&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;broma&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;burla&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. To add to the confusion, I also just came across &lt;strong&gt;mofa&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;guasa&lt;/strong&gt;. That makes it a grand total of half a dozen words for jokes in Spanish!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T15:37:55.973" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T15:37:55.973" Title="Difference between &quot;chiste&quot; and &quot;chanza&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-07T05:51:00.480" Score="4" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;strong&gt;equipo&lt;/strong&gt; also means &lt;em&gt;equipment&lt;/em&gt; which is pretty straightforward. But how did the word come to mean &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;em&gt;Team&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;equipment&lt;/em&gt; seem to be two entirely different concepts with nothing in common between them!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T07:45:40.803" Title="Etymology of &quot;equipo&quot; as the Spanish for team" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10071" CreationDate="2014-11-07T08:33:31.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The explanation according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?equipo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;La palabra &lt;b&gt;equipo&lt;/b&gt; y sus varios derivados, que el castellano adoptó del francés '&lt;i&gt;equipe&lt;/i&gt;' [leer: ekip], tenían en la Edad Media una relación con las actividades marítimas. '&lt;i&gt;Équiper&lt;/i&gt;' era 'embarcar' y luego 'proveer una nave de todo lo necesario' antes de zarpar del puerto, ya que la voz procedía del germánico '&lt;i&gt;skip&lt;/i&gt;' (barco) (alemán: '&lt;i&gt;Schiff&lt;/i&gt;'; inglés: '&lt;i&gt;ship&lt;/i&gt;'), a través de una forma existente en zonas del norte de Francia.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: the identification of &quot;equipo&quot; with &quot;team&quot; happened in the French, the identification &quot;equipe&quot; = &quot;ship team&quot; being very natural, and thence to &quot;team&quot; in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5466" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-21T19:46:22.197" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T19:46:22.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10075" CreationDate="2014-11-07T11:21:40.040" Score="2" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to dictionaries, this word comes from the Ancient Greek word &lt;strong&gt;βρῶμα&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;brôma&lt;/em&gt;), which has the following meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a shipworm (Teredo navalis) that bores into wooden piers, ships, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;that which is eaten, food, meat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(dentistry) cavity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these translations have anything funny about them. How, then, did &lt;strong&gt;broma&lt;/strong&gt; come to mean joke in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T21:45:26.973" Title="Etymology of &quot;broma&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10070" CreationDate="2014-11-07T13:32:09.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would use &lt;code&gt;chiste&lt;/code&gt; for a joke, not a practical joke, which would be a &lt;code&gt;broma&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chiste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This guy walks into a bar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I told everyone that I lost the car keys and you should have seen their faces. I'm such a &lt;em&gt;joker&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;Broma&lt;/code&gt; doesn't necessarily make laugh on somebody. At least the connotation or inflection of the word implies so. A &lt;code&gt;broma&lt;/code&gt; intends to be fun, not fun on somebody or mock him or her as the word &lt;code&gt;burla&lt;/code&gt; implies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chanza&lt;/code&gt; is not widely use (at least in Spain. I don't know for sure if it is common in another dialects). &lt;code&gt;Chanza&lt;/code&gt; is also a joke, but can be turn into a joke on someone (you make fun on somebody), so then, it means something similar to &lt;code&gt;burla&lt;/code&gt; (mock somebody).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se chancearon de mi en la fiesta / Se burlaron de mi en la fiesta / Se rieron de mi en la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T14:53:13.757" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T14:53:13.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10073" CreationDate="2014-11-07T13:46:53.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You got the right source with definition #1. That shipworm eats into things (the ship hull). A &lt;code&gt;broma&lt;/code&gt; is played on someone and &lt;em&gt;eats&lt;/em&gt; that person a little bit (lets say that the &lt;strong&gt;annoyance&lt;/strong&gt; of the joke &lt;em&gt;eats&lt;/em&gt; him, or gets into him, like that worm that eats the wood).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The origin of the word is closer to mockery and deceit, thus implying that a &lt;code&gt;broma&lt;/code&gt; would annoy someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the word &lt;code&gt;abrumar&lt;/code&gt; has apparently the same etymology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abrumar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Agobiar con un peso grave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Producir tedio o hastío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Producir asombro o admiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with &lt;code&gt;abrumar&lt;/code&gt; you can be &lt;em&gt;overloaded&lt;/em&gt; by both positive and negative emotions. &lt;a href=&quot;http://laboratoriodeescritura.com/blog/es/2008/04/de-una-etimologia-subacuatica/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This reference&lt;/a&gt; explains the etymology, but basically, the same way that a ship would be &lt;em&gt;dragged&lt;/em&gt; or  by the perforations in the hull done by these shipworms (an encumbrance or impediment to sail), a person would be by emotions (something in you that becomes a &lt;em&gt;burden&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T21:45:26.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10088" CreationDate="2014-11-07T14:53:54.523" Score="3" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Translate.com, &quot;the pan&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;el sartén&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Duolingo, the object suffers from gender confusion and can be either &lt;em&gt;&quot;el sartén&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;la sartén&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would it have two different genders, and why would such a basic word be a source of contention between two significant language sites?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T12:44:13.620" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T12:44:13.620" Title="Why so much controversy over a little old word like &quot;sartén&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10070" CreationDate="2014-11-07T14:55:53.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Diego in certain things, however here are my 2 cents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chiste/Chanza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt; is merely a joke, generally intended to make somebody laugh rather than make fun of someone, but both uses can be covered by this term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;Les conté un chiste pero nadie lo encontró divertido.&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;I told them a joke, however nobody found it funny&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;Hice un chiste inocente acerca de los dientes torcidos esperando que mejorara el ánimo de Lauren, pero lo único que logré fue que se enojara.&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;I made an innocent joke about crooked teeth hoping to brighten up Lauren's mood, but all I accomplished was to make her angry.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same way, &lt;em&gt;chanza&lt;/em&gt; (though not commonly used in everyday speech—— except in Mexico, I think, where they have adopted it as synonym of &lt;em&gt;oportunidad&lt;/em&gt; thanks to the similarity with the English noun &lt;em&gt;chance&lt;/em&gt;) can be understood as a &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt; or as a witty remark; which leads me to think that the closest word in English for it depending on the context would be &lt;em&gt;witticism&lt;/em&gt;. I'd dare to say you should opt for &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;chanza&lt;/em&gt;, there's a common saying that uses both in certain countries and only one in others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;Entre chiste y chanza la verdad se asoma. &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;Many a true word is spoken in jest. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aditionally, &lt;em&gt;broma&lt;/em&gt; can also be replaced in the aforementioned saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre broma y broma la verdad se asoma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's also used in contexts where you literally play a prank on someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;Le jugué/hice una broma para su cumpleaños y me dijo que había sido muy original.   &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;I played a prank on him for his birthday and he told me that it had been a very original one. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like Diego said, &lt;em&gt;broma&lt;/em&gt; in this context is not meant to make fun of somebody but rather to make somebody laugh despite the circumstances. Then again, not everyone shares the same humour and somebody might not take it the right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Burla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is more specific. It has a slight negative connotation, since whenever you use it, you give away the impression that it is indeed your intention to make fun of someone/ridicule/mock someone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;Nos burlamos de sus gafas que hacían que su nariz se viera más grande. &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;We made fun/mocked him for his glasses since they made his nose look bigger. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, as for &lt;em&gt;mofa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;guasa&lt;/em&gt;, I can say I've rarely ever heard any of them. Perhaps I've heard &lt;em&gt;mofa&lt;/em&gt; in literature,but I can say this is the first time I see &lt;em&gt;guasa&lt;/em&gt;. Though the DRAE (Diccionario de la Real Academia) defines &lt;em&gt;mofa&lt;/em&gt; similar to &lt;em&gt;burla&lt;/em&gt;, that is, it might have a strong negative connotation in its usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="6886" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T15:08:16.520" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T15:08:16.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10076" CreationDate="2014-11-07T15:03:26.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=MBLAvOoXaDXX2UIEflMV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sartén is feminine&lt;/a&gt;, so it is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;la sartén&lt;/strong&gt; and never &quot;el sartén&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can confirm you that none of these words have two genders. I have never heard &quot;el sartén&quot;. I think that duolingo in this case is not to be trusted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T15:58:47.957" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T15:58:47.957" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10076" CreationDate="2014-11-07T15:04:09.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't have 'two different genders', the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sarten&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; states that its gender is feminine given that it comes from the latin &lt;em&gt;sartago&lt;/em&gt; which was feminine as well; however, it also states that in different parts of America and Spain, it's known as masculine, mainly because many words that end in &lt;em&gt;—én&lt;/em&gt; are masculine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andén, edén, almacén, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're still doubting which one you should use, I'd advise you to go with &lt;em&gt;la sartén&lt;/em&gt;. It doesn't really matter where you are, you'll be understood perfectly, people might be taken aback if they're used to &lt;em&gt;el sartén&lt;/em&gt; but it shouldn't represent a big deal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T15:04:09.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10076" CreationDate="2014-11-07T15:22:17.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is built in social use. In Chile we say &quot;el sartén&quot; and &quot;la sartén&quot; sounds weird but we understand and accept both uses, realizing that &quot;la&quot; is being used by a non-Chilean speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No one wonders why &quot;el monte&quot; (mount) is masculine and &quot;la montaña&quot; (mountain) is feminine. In objects, gender is a historical consequence of use, not the execution of rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2019-01-06T22:24:50.063" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T22:24:50.063" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10029" CreationDate="2014-11-07T15:37:42.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Safety: cuidado, atención, seguridad (en el sentido de &quot;tener precaución&quot;). Es una acción que realiza el agente para evitar el riesgo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security: seguridad (en el sentido de que &quot;existen las condiciones&quot;). Es un estado del contexto en el que el agente se expone al riesgo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan camina con cuidado, y usa zapatos de seguridad&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T15:37:42.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2014-11-07T16:36:13.240" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile sabemos que el resto del mundo usa &quot;coger&quot; con significado sexual, y podríamos usarlo, pero la palabra no ha asentado. Se puede entender con picardía en situaciones coloquiales y se puede elaborar textos chistosos al respecto, pero nadie diría (ni educada ni groseramente) &quot;vamos a coger&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me salgo del tema pero aprovecho de completar:&#xA;En Chile, en algunas épocas se ha dicho &quot;tirar&quot; (&quot;en esa época tirábamos&quot;) y cierto uso modificado de &quot;dar&quot; (&quot;estuvieron dándole&quot;, &quot;le dieron&quot;). El &quot;dar&quot; puede ser dativo (&quot;le dieron [a ella] toda la mañana&quot;) o recípoco (&quot;le dieron [ambos] toda la tarde&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la palabra preferida por décadas en Chile ha sido &quot;culiar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T16:36:13.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9995" CreationDate="2014-11-07T16:50:50.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;About the imperfect future tense (comeré, cantarás, viviremos):&#xA;Is formed with the infinitive and the verb &quot;habere&quot; (&quot;have&quot;) in latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amare habeo ----&gt; Amar he ------&gt; Amaré&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;I have to love&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently it is again preferring another circumlocution:&#xA;&quot;Amaré&quot; is rarely used (formal), and instead preferred &quot;Voy a amar&quot;, that it means &quot;I am going to love&quot;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T16:50:50.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10053" CreationDate="2014-11-07T16:58:11.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser el hermano de Omega Hanggara es y será lo mejor que &lt;strong&gt;me ha pasado&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because &quot;Es&quot; is in present tense and involves inconsistency with past tense &quot;pasó&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T16:58:11.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10086" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-07T21:04:50.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las conjunciones son palabras o conjuntos de palabras que enlazan otros sustantivos, o palabras. Ejemplos: &lt;em&gt;conque, sino, luego, sin embargo&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conjunctions are joiners. They can join words or sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:08:43.480" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:08:43.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10087" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-07T21:04:50.050" Score="0" Body="Preguntas acerca del uso de conjunciones. //&#xD;&#xA;Questions about the usage of conjunctions. " OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:08:43.480" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:08:43.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10076" CreationDate="2014-11-07T23:37:56.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sartén.&#xA;  (Del lat. sartāgo, -ĭnis).&#xA;  1. f. Recipiente de cocina, generalmente de metal, de forma circular, poco hondo y con mango largo, que sirve para guisar. &lt;strong&gt;En muchos lugares de América y España, u. c. m.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;u. c. m.: [usado como masculino]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is indeed feminine, but even when the RAE prefers this it also accepts that is masculine in some other areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In México you'll hear &lt;em&gt;el sartén&lt;/em&gt; but the TV always says things like &lt;em&gt;Did you know that you should say&lt;/em&gt; la sartén &lt;em&gt;instead of&lt;/em&gt; el sartén &lt;em&gt;because the RAE says so?&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important if you say &lt;em&gt;la o el&lt;/em&gt; but until you discover which is the best choice in the place you are staying, I think there's no going to be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-06T20:21:10.163" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T20:21:10.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-08T00:14:00.397" Score="5" ViewCount="12106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been learning Spanish for three months and, in order to train my hearing skill, I've recently started to watch a cooking channel on YouTube (in Spanish, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One phrase that I hear very often on this channel is &lt;code&gt;no te pases&lt;/code&gt;. The girl who runs the channel usually says it while eating the food she has just prepared. Often it is followed by &lt;code&gt;Mmm... Está muy rico!&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I already know the meaning of &quot;está rico&quot;, but what is the meaning of &quot;no te pases&quot; in this context? The literal translation just doesn't make any sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6918" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-08T01:02:14.743" LastActivityDate="2020-08-03T03:54:41.717" Title="What does &quot;no te pases&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10089" CreationDate="2014-11-08T00:50:13.803" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be translated as &lt;strong&gt;don't go too far&lt;/strong&gt;. It stands for &lt;em&gt;pasarse de la raya&lt;/em&gt; (the &lt;em&gt;raya&lt;/em&gt; would be that proverbial line that separates what is okay and sensible from what is not)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa tarta de chocolate está riquísima, pero &lt;strong&gt;no te pases&lt;/strong&gt; con ella, que engorda un montón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No te pases&lt;/strong&gt; con la pimienta, o va a estar demasiado picante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She could be saying it like &lt;code&gt;don't get too much&lt;/code&gt;, but I think that in that TV program is used more as a catchy and &amp;quot;trademark&amp;quot; phrase, more than a culinary/health advice about the dish that has just been prepared (specially if is followed by that &lt;code&gt;Está muy rico&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is similar in other contexts: &lt;em&gt;don't go too far/ don't get too much of something&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te pases con Luis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;Don't be too harsh on Luis&lt;/em&gt;, don't go too far lecturing him, or teasing him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te pases con la bebida, o te vas a emborrachar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would refer to alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T01:01:01.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-08T06:17:26.157" Score="2" ViewCount="2416" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that Mexico uses &lt;strong&gt;tlacuache&lt;/strong&gt;, but by action of the TV &lt;em&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/em&gt; is entering to Mexico, so I'm curious about the countries were the word is actually used. I'd like to know if there are countries where zarigüeya is not the prefered word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T23:00:32.377" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T23:00:32.377" Title="Usage of the word Zarigüeya" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-04-23T12:05:18.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10091" CreationDate="2014-11-08T12:28:07.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tlacuache&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;(Del náhuatl tlacuatzin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Méx. zarigüeya.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;(Del port. brasileño çarigueia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Mamífero marsupial de tamaño mediano o pequeño y aspecto que recuerda a la rata. Las extremidades tienen cinco dedos y las de atrás el pulgar oponible; la cola es prensil, lisa y desnuda. Es mamífero nocturno y omnívoro, que hace nido en los árboles y su preñez dura trece días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zarigüeya is used in any Spanish speaking country, it is a word borrowed from Portuguese-Brazilian language. So I dare to say that is not by the action of the TV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tlacuache has been maintained in Mexico because Náhuatl was used as lingua franca in some regions before Spanish appearance that borrowed this word. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1huatl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Náhuatl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is currently spoken by more than one million and a half only in Mexico where is an official language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T19:53:03.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10101" CreationDate="2014-11-08T13:47:16.713" Score="2" ViewCount="1381" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the dictionary, both words mean magic. But there's got to be some difference, even if it's subtle. Is one more to do with wizardry and the other with magic tricks? Or is it something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've noticed phrases like &lt;em&gt;black magic&lt;/em&gt; use &lt;strong&gt;magia&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. &lt;strong&gt;magia negra&lt;/strong&gt;. Would it be unusual to say &lt;strong&gt;mágico negro&lt;/strong&gt;? If so, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T15:36:58.297" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T15:36:58.297" Title="&quot;Magia&quot; vs &quot;Mágico&quot;: What's the difference?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10095" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T13:54:45.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about indirect object, which is the recipient of a transitive action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego dio el regalo &lt;strong&gt;a Pablo&lt;/strong&gt; (Pablo is Objeto &lt;em&gt;Indirecto&lt;/em&gt;)==&gt; Diego &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dio el regalo / Diego &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; lo dio (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; indicate the indirect object, referring to the beneficiary of the action. The gift is the &lt;em&gt;objeto directo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre objetos indirectos (también llamado complemento indirecto). Son aquellos que reciben la acción de un verbo transitivo, y no son siempre obligatorios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego dio el regalo &lt;strong&gt;a Pablo&lt;/strong&gt; (Pablo es objecto &lt;em&gt;indirecto&lt;/em&gt;)==&gt; Diego &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dio el regalo / Diego &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; lo dio (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; indican el objeto indirecto, el beneficiario de la acción. El regalo en este caso es el &lt;em&gt;objeto directo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:09.197" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:09.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10096" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T13:54:45.287" Score="0" Body="Questions about indirect object (those that receive the action of a transitive verb)&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre objetos indirectos (aquellos que reciben la acción de un verbo transitivo)" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:11.737" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:11.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10097" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T13:59:40.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Historia o evolución del lenguaje. Formas antiguas de ciertas palabras, evolución del lenguaje desde el latín o la influencia de ciertos hechos históricos (tales como el descubrimiento de América) y cómo han afectado al lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions about the history or evolution of the language: ancient or archaic forms of certain words, the evolution of the language from Latin, or the influence of certain historic events (such as the discovery of America) and their influence on the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:52:17.173" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:52:17.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10098" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T13:59:40.763" Score="0" Body="Historia o evolución del lenguaje. //&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;History or evolution of the language." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T13:52:17.173" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T13:52:17.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10099" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:07:16.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about how to use the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; or why is the verb tense chose in a phrase to describe a certain action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre el uso (cuándo usarlo o porqué se ha escogido ese tiempo verbal en una frase). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:21.290" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:21.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10100" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:07:16.480" Score="0" Body="Acciones pasadas con continuidad en el tiempo" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:44:14.063" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:44:14.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10094" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:08:09.853" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that today, for virtually all uses, &lt;em&gt;magia&lt;/em&gt; is used as the noun form and &lt;em&gt;mágico&lt;/em&gt; as the adjective form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mágica&lt;/em&gt; (note: feminine only) is also the &lt;em&gt;art&lt;/em&gt; of magic, and &lt;em&gt;mágico&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can be used to refer to a practitioner of magic, although more common is either &lt;em&gt;ilusionista&lt;/em&gt; (modern performers) or &lt;em&gt;mago&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (supernatural practitioners).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may vary some by region but I don't think so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T14:08:09.853" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10102" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:18:59.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about direct objects: uses, identify them in a sentence in Spanish, etc. Direct objects are nouns, pronouns or other phrases that denote the entity that receive the action of a transitive verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego lanza &lt;strong&gt;la pelota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de objetos directos: uso, identificarlos en una frase, etc. Los objetos directos pueden ser nombres, pronombre u otros morfemas y designan a la entidad que recibe la acción de un verbo transitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego lanza &lt;strong&gt;la pelota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:56:10.480" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:56:10.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10103" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:18:59.037" Score="0" Body="Questions about direct objects (the entity that receives the action of a transitive verb).&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre objetos directos (la entidad que recibe la acción de un verbo transitivo)." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T00:45:55.773" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T00:45:55.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10104" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:23:09.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about rules or uses of accents. How to write a word or how to pronounce a word. Also, questions about words that have different meanings with or without accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de las reglas gramaticales o usos de acentos. Cómo escribir o pronunciar una palabra. También preguntas acerca de palabras cuyo significado cambia si están acentuadas o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T02:16:01.933" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T02:16:01.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10105" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:23:09.997" Score="0" Body="Use of accents: where to put the sign in a written word or the stress in a spoken word.&#xD;&#xA;Uso de acentos: dónde poner el acento en una palabra escrita o el énfasis al pronunciarla. " OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T20:40:22.783" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T20:40:22.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10106" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:30:33.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about dates, hours and time-related expressions in general (how to express when something happened, stopped happening or will happen). This involves the uses of &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt;, prepositions such as &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; or uses or &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre fechas, horas y expresiones temporales en general (cuándo algo sucedió, dejó de suceder o sucederá). Usos relacionados con palabras como &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt;, preposiciones como &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; o usos de las palabras &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:47:58.487" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T09:47:58.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10107" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:30:33.593" Score="0" Body="Questions about dates, hours and time-related expressions in general (how to express when something happened, stopped happening or will happen). // Preguntas sobre fechas, horas y expresiones temporales en general (cuándo algo sucedió, dejó de suceder o sucederá)." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T10:17:14.753" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T10:17:14.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10108" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:36:38.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do not use this tag, since it is covered in the Meta question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://meta.spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2514/1674&quot;&gt;Resources for learning Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you feel the need to tag your question with the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/aprendizaje&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;aprendizaje&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;aprendizaje&lt;/a&gt; tag, it will be almost certainly closed as off-topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions about learning Spanish that have nothing to do with resources, you can go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Language Learning Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions related to learning the Spanish language (tips, learning materials, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best materials to learn a specific Spanish dialect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How Spanish is studied, taught or learned in different countries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suitability or a certain resource&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre el aprendizaje del Español (consejos, material, planes de estudios, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuáles son los mejores materiales para aprender un dialecto específico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como se estudia, enseña o aprende español en distintos países.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conveninecia de un cierto recurso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T15:23:34.260" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T15:23:34.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10109" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:36:38.103" Score="0" Body="DO NOT USE THIS TAG: questions related to learning the Spanish language (tips, learning materials and so on) are off-topic and will almost certainly be closed. Do check the Language Learning site instead." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T08:45:03.317" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T08:45:03.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10110" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:40:59.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la forma correcta de escribir una palabra. Forma correcta o más apropiada de una palabra. Preguntas sobre si una forma es correcta aunque no esté en el DRAE. Formas de escribir una palabra debido a diferencias regionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Albóndiga vs Almóndiga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about the correct way of spelling a word. Best way of spelling a word among different choices. Questions about if a word is correct even if it seems not to be in the DRAE or due to regional differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Albóndiga vs Almóndiga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T06:53:58.633" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T06:53:58.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10111" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:40:59.110" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la forma correcta de escribir una palabra o de indicar cómo pronunciarla.&#xD;&#xA;Questions about the correct way of spelling a word." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T13:28:25.433" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:28:25.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10112" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:46:41.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Canonical question / Pregunta canónica:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23617/resources-for-learning-spanish&quot;&gt;Resources for learning Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about resources to learn Spanish, that are not found in the canonical question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dictionaries or online dictionaries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Books&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DVDs, subtitles in DVDs, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical books in Spanish or access to technical vocabulary lists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre recursos para aprender Español, que no aparezcan en la pregunta canónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diccionarios y diccionarios online.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DVDs, subtítulos en DVDs, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Libros técnicos o acceso a vocabulario técnico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Etcétera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T15:51:57.037" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T15:51:57.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10113" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:46:41.910" Score="0" Body="Looking for resources about grammar, pronunciation, dictionaries, techical books...? Search the site for &quot;Resources for learning Spanish&quot; first! If you can't find what you need, post a new question with this tag. || ¿Buscando recursos sobre gramática, pronunciación, diccionarios, libros técnicos...? ¡Haz una búsqueda por &quot;Resources for learning Spanish&quot; primero! Si no encuentras lo que buscas, publica una nueva pregunta con este tag." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T15:57:15.037" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T15:57:15.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10114" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:53:30.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about the way to use a specific resource (concepts or gramatical structures) in a language in Spanish. Compare uses of concepts in two languages or finding a word in Spanish for a concept which has a well know word in another language (such as &lt;code&gt;Serendipity&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de cómo usar un recurso de otro idioma (conceptos o estructuras gramaticales) en Español. Comparar el uso de verbos (&lt;em&gt;To Be&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;ser and estar&lt;/em&gt;) o conceptos entre un idioma y el español (buscar una palabra en español que designe algo para lo que en otro idioma hay una palabra bien conocida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:29:34.920" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:29:34.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10115" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T14:53:30.123" Score="0" Body="Questions about the way to use a specific resource (concepts or gramatical structures) in a language in Spanish.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de cómo usar un recurso de otro idioma (conceptos o estructuras gramaticales) en Español." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:57:33.457" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:57:33.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10116" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T15:05:03.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about the use of the Imperative verb tense. When to use it, why is it used in a certain phrase or what is the correct form or a certain verb in imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca del uso del imperativo. Cuándo usarlo, porqué se ha escogido esa forma en una determinada frase o cuál es la forma correcta de un cierto verbo en imperativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:24.987" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:24.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10117" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T15:05:03.263" Score="0" Body="Questions about the use of the Imperative verb tense.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca del uso del imperativo." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T02:16:31.453" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T02:16:31.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10118" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T15:42:00.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about the use or reasons to use conditionals. Correct spelling of a ver in conditional form. Verb forms that suggest conditional and their differences (imperfect and &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de los condicionales y us uso. Forma correcta de un verbo en forma condicional. Tiempos verbales que forman condicionales y diferencias entre ellos (imperfecto y subjuntivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:16.987" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:16.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10119" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T15:42:00.923" Score="0" Body="Questions about the use or reasons to use conditionals. Correct spelling of a ver in conditional form.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de los condicionales y us uso. Forma correcta de un verbo en forma condicional." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T23:36:48.113" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T23:36:48.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10120" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:33:59.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about the best way to request something politely or how to address to somebody politely. How to use formal language and &lt;em&gt;usted and tú&lt;/em&gt; forms. Questions about is a phrase or word can be considered rude under certain circumstances or concerns about speaking without offending anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de pedir algo con educación o dirigiese a alguien educadamente. Cómo usar el lenguaje formal y las formas &lt;em&gt;tú y usted&lt;/em&gt;. Preguntas sobre si una palabra o frase puede considerarse maleducada o sobre si puede ofender a determinados grupos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T00:45:58.213" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T00:45:58.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10121" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:33:59.007" Score="0" Body="Questions about the best way to request something politely.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de pedir algo con educación." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T19:55:06.383" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:55:06.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10122" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:38:47.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about the letters that form the Spanish alphabet such as if capital letters have the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;, whats the plural of a letter, pronunciation, different regional variations for the names of letters, etc. For questions about lyrics, see tag &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/letras-de-canciones&quot;&gt;lyrics&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de las letras que forman el alfabeto español, tales como acentuación de mayúsculas, plurales de las letras, pronunciación, variaciones regionales para el nombre de las letras, etc. Para preguntas sobre letras de canciones, consultar el tag &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/letras-de-canciones&quot;&gt;letras-de-canciones&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T09:58:17.387" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:58:17.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10123" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:38:47.830" Score="0" Body="Questions about the letters that form the Spanish alphabet.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de las letras que forman el alfabeto español." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T09:57:17.677" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:57:17.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10124" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:44:12.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about diminutives. what is the diminutive of a given word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de diminutivos. Cuál es el diminutivo de una determinada palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T00:46:08.820" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T00:46:08.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10125" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:44:12.413" Score="0" Body="Questions about diminutives. what is the diminutive of a given word.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de diminutivos. Cuál es el diminutivo de una determinada palabra." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-09T23:38:15.747" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T23:38:15.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10126" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:45:16.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about future in verb tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca del futuro en tiempos verbales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T08:48:05.287" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T08:48:05.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10127" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:45:16.757" Score="0" Body="Questions about future in verb tenses.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca del futuro en tiempos verbales." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T08:48:05.287" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T08:48:05.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10128" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:49:36.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre el orden correcto o mejor opción para los componentes de una frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about the correct order or best possible order for the components of a phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etiquetas relacionadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/gram%c3%a1tica&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;gram&amp;#225;tica&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;gram&amp;#225;tica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selecci%c3%b3n-de-palabras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selecci&amp;#243;n-de-palabras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T06:51:58.173" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T06:51:58.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10129" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-08T19:49:36.593" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el orden correcto de los componentes de una frase.&#xD;&#xA;Questions about the correct order of the components of a phrase." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T06:51:58.173" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T06:51:58.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10094" CreationDate="2014-11-08T21:37:05.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Magia = Magic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mágico/Mágica = Magical&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't say &quot;This is black magical&quot; ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T21:37:05.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10091" CreationDate="2014-11-09T18:45:18.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It also depends of the region of México, for example here in Yucatán they call the zarigüeya &quot;zorro&quot; and that's just limited to some parts of the mexican south, in Veracruz we maintain the name and don't use the nahuatl depiction of since Veracruz is historically an olmec region, also Yucatán is a maya region so that's why they don't use traluache either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T18:45:18.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10089" CreationDate="2014-11-09T18:57:57.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend keeping out of mexican Youtube channels if you're still learning, we have a lot of slang over here and it's hard for someone that's still learning to understand it, words like &quot;güey&quot; for example can be and will be used in multiple context and situations and with different connotations, &quot;güey&quot; can be used as &quot;dude&quot; or as &quot;dumb&quot; or as a major insult depending of how it's said. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no te pases&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; if it's coming from a mexican channel it could mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;this is so good&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but of course talked in mexican slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can post the video so we can have some context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2014-11-09T18:57:57.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10135" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-10T03:22:01.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about word or phrases that might be offensive. Words that can be offensive due to regional differences. Questions about double meaning of a word that makes it rude or offensive. Vulgar language in general. Questions about if a word or phrase could be considered rude in a given context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre palabras o frases que pueden ser ofensivas. Palabras que pueden resultar ofensivas debido a diferencias regionales. Preguntas sobre dobles sentidos que pueden hacer que una palabra sea considerada grosera u ofensiva. Preguntas sobre lenguaje vulgar u obsceno en general. Preguntas sobre si una frase o palabra puede ser considerada vulgar u ofensiva en un cierto contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:06:24.497" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:06:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10136" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-10T03:22:01.823" Score="0" Body="Questions about word or phrases that might be offensive.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre palabras o frases que pueden ser ofensivas.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T03:19:43.963" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T03:19:43.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10139" CreationDate="2014-11-10T10:54:15.337" Score="5" ViewCount="627" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rato&lt;/strong&gt; means moment, while, or any short period of time in English and comes from the Latin word, &lt;em&gt;raptus&lt;/em&gt;. Now &lt;em&gt;raptus&lt;/em&gt; is a past participle of &lt;em&gt;rapio&lt;/em&gt; which translates as &quot;to snatch away or carry off.&quot; How did something so unrelated to time end up becoming the word for moment in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, what has &quot;to snatch&quot; got to do with moment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T14:33:25.313" Title="Etymology of &quot;rato&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4496" CreationDate="2014-11-10T13:44:55.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son dos fenómenos bastante interesantes, considerados universales antropológicos y que forman parte de lo que en general llamamos &quot;ironías&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eufemismo&lt;/strong&gt;: usar palabras inofensivas o expresiones para desorientar, evadir, o evitar hacernos conscientes de una realidad cruda y desagradable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disfemismo&lt;/strong&gt;:  es una palabra o expresión deliberadamente despectiva o insultante que se emplea en lugar de otra más neutral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Los copié de Wikipedia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir &quot;cariño&quot; a quién se está insultando intensifica el insulto. Es una ironía evidente: tanto el hablante como el oyente entienden que el sentido de la expresión es el contrario del significado de la palabra. Esta es una de las funciones de los eufemismos, aunque hay otras que no son necesariamente irónicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y decirle &quot;feo&quot; a tu amado novio es simplemente, como en la mayoría de los disfemismos, un uso humorístico del lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general los niños aprenden a reconocer e interpretar estas incoherencias semánticas bastante luego. Y aunque su uso aparece en todas las lenguas, hay algunas culturas (como la latina) que las usan en exceso, mientras que en otras aparecen sólo en contextos muy específicos y es preferible no arriesgarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T13:44:55.407" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10137" CreationDate="2014-11-10T14:32:52.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that beyond the &quot;to snatch&quot; concept (&lt;code&gt;tirón&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;arranque&lt;/code&gt;) it had a figurative meaning of &quot;an instant&quot;. Maybe because the original word meant a sudden and quick grasp, a violent action (as the words &lt;code&gt;tirón&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;arranque&lt;/code&gt; suggest). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that from there it came to be used as &quot;a period of time a little bit larger that an instant&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Rato, del latín 'Raptus': en su origen significaba ‘tirón, arranque’ y, figuradamente, ‘instante’, acepción esta última que viajó a América, al mismo tiempo que en España tomó el sentido de &quot;un espacio de tiempo algo mayor que el de un instante&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this explanation (in Spanish) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ideal.es/granada/20140517/mas-actualidad/sociedad/palabras-ahora-significan-justo-201405170013.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (actually it also explains the origin of &lt;code&gt;broma&lt;/code&gt;, in relation to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10073/5481&quot;&gt;this other question&lt;/a&gt; and other words whose original meaning has nothing or not much to do with the actual meaning. I think you might find that reference interesting, given your latest questions about etymologies. If you need further clarifications with the content of that site just tell me and I will edit the answer to enhance the explanation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T14:32:52.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10137" CreationDate="2014-11-10T14:33:25.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just my thought without a lot to back it up.  I think it comes from amount of time that it takes to snatch something.  For example, a purse snatching is something that happens very quickly, in a moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be similar to the phrase, &quot;in the blink of an eye&quot; that is used to describe something of a short duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6926" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T14:33:25.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10142" CreationDate="2014-11-10T17:08:13.030" Score="3" ViewCount="3053" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, &lt;em&gt;hay que&lt;/em&gt; means something like &quot;one should&quot; or &quot;one has to&quot; in English. However, with &lt;em&gt;no hay que&lt;/em&gt; I'm not so sure. Does it mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One shouldn't&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One doesn't have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference being that the first is more of an instruction &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; to do something, whereas the second means that it is simply not necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3053" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T18:56:13.210" Title="Translation of &quot;no hay que&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10141" CreationDate="2014-11-10T17:23:38.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;code&gt;One doesn't have to&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;you don't need to&lt;/code&gt; when is followed by the preposition &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;. It means &lt;code&gt;you should not&lt;/code&gt; when is not followed by it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay que ser un genio &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; entender las instrucciones de IKEA (No hace falta ser un genio para entenderlo)/ you don't need to be a genius to understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hace falta ser muy fuerte &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; doblarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;necesitas&lt;/strong&gt; agitarlo antes de usarlo (o &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; usarlo) pero podrías hacerlo si quisieras/ you don't need or have to shake it before using it, but you could do it if you wanted to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;deberías&lt;/strong&gt; agitarlo antes de usarlo (estropea el resultado)/ You shouldn't shake it before using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T18:56:13.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10143" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-10T20:35:06.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about vocabulary related to animals (names, sounds, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name of animals. Name of the animals in different countries. Plural form of the name of an animal or name of the group of animals (&lt;em&gt;jauría&lt;/em&gt; de perros, &lt;em&gt;bandada&lt;/em&gt; de aves,&lt;em&gt;banco&lt;/em&gt; de peces, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name of sounds made by animals (&lt;em&gt;ladrar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;maullar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vocabulary related to animals (actitud &lt;em&gt;bovina&lt;/em&gt;, ser un &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de vocabulario relacionado con animales (nombres, sonidos, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nombre de un animal. Nombre en distintos países. Plural del nombre o nombre de la unidad de animales (&lt;em&gt;jauría&lt;/em&gt; de perros, &lt;em&gt;bandada&lt;/em&gt; de aves,&lt;em&gt;banco&lt;/em&gt; de peces, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nombre de sonidos hechos por animales (&lt;em&gt;ladrar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;maullar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vocabulario relacionado con animales (actitud &lt;em&gt;bovina&lt;/em&gt;, ser un &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:06:33.730" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:06:33.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10144" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-10T20:35:06.160" Score="0" Body="Questions about vocabulary related to animals (names, sounds, name of the groups of animals etc.)&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas acerca de vocabulario relacionado con animales (nombres, sonidos, nombre del grupo de animales, etc.)" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:04:40.240" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:04:40.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10148" CreationDate="2014-11-10T21:31:25.877" Score="0" ViewCount="2317" Body="&lt;p&gt;The letter &quot;H&quot; is usually (always?) silent in Spanish. So why is the name &quot;Hector&quot; pronounced &quot;Heck-ter&quot; and not &quot;Eck-ter&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is &quot;Hector&quot; an anglicization of the spelling of a name which is really &quot;Jector&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T19:37:33.453" Title="Why is the &quot;H&quot; in Hector pronounced?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10149" CreationDate="2014-11-10T21:35:51.730" Score="1" ViewCount="2202" Body="&lt;p&gt;My name is Clay. A Mexican friend finds the name somewhat amusing: as if somebody were named &quot;Dirt,&quot; I guess. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He said my equivalent name in Mexico would be &quot;Barro.&quot; I find that &quot;Arcilla&quot; also means &quot;Clay&quot;, but the Mexican speakers of Spanish I know are unfamiliar with that word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it seldom-used? Archaic? Regional? Poetic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T00:01:38.503" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T01:55:47.703" Title="Is &quot;Arcilla&quot; for &quot;Clay&quot; used only in Spain (or only used outside of Mexico)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-10T21:45:38.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't tell you is &lt;code&gt;arcilla&lt;/code&gt; is used in every single  Spanish-speaking country or not. That might require compiling a list from various contributors (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10035/5481&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that is use is neither archaic nor poetic. In Spain is as used as &lt;code&gt;barro&lt;/code&gt;. The difference might be that barro is &lt;code&gt;mud&lt;/code&gt; too, while with &lt;code&gt;arcilla&lt;/code&gt; you always convey that is a material with a certain composition or characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it does't even matter if has been heated or not. You can describe a jar or sculpture as made of &lt;code&gt;barro&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;arcilla&lt;/code&gt;. People will understand you from the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T21:45:38.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10145" CreationDate="2014-11-10T21:56:20.017" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be a regional variation, but at least in Spain I always heard it like &quot;Eck-tor&quot; with the &quot;H&quot; being silent. I have actually heard some people pronouncing it as &quot;ejj-tor&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Héctor comes from the Greek (one of the heroes of the Illiad), and means &lt;em&gt;Steadfast&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T00:00:03.483" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T00:00:03.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-10T22:04:20.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest difference the use of both words in context, is better the use of word &lt;strong&gt;Arcilla&lt;/strong&gt; for refer the material used for jar or sculpture (as @Diego says), instead &lt;strong&gt;Barro&lt;/strong&gt; that it could be assumed for some meanings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El niño se resbaló en el &lt;em&gt;barro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te toques ese &lt;em&gt;barro&lt;/em&gt;! (reference to acne &quot;pimples&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2014-11-10T22:23:26.343" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T22:23:26.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1594" CreationDate="2014-11-10T22:15:05.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia, I use (and sometimes I heard) the following phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me repite su nombre por favor? (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also can be added the words &lt;em&gt;Disculpe/Disculpa&lt;/em&gt; and/or &lt;em&gt;Perdone/Perdona&lt;/em&gt; at the beginning of the phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T22:15:05.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10151" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T01:40:10.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about sense of humor and double meanings. Wordplays. Why something is considered funny. Explanations of jokes. Explanations about if a phrase intents to be funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre humor y dobles sentidos. Juegos de palabras. Porqué algo puede ser considerado gracioso. Explicaciones de chistes. Explicaciones sobre si una frase intenta ser graciosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:51.833" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:51.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10152" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T01:40:10.957" Score="0" Body="Questions about sense of humor and double meanings. Why something is considered funny.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre humor y dobles sentidos. Porqué algo puede ser considerado gracioso." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:08.563" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:08.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8223" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:26:17.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;code&gt;Jeta&lt;/code&gt; is kind of slang for a funny or ugly face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has visto la &lt;strong&gt;jeta&lt;/strong&gt; de ese tío? Vaya &lt;strong&gt;careto&lt;/strong&gt; más gracioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;strong&gt;tener jeta&lt;/strong&gt; can also mean, &quot;to have a nerve&quot;. The actual expression would be &lt;code&gt;ser un caradura&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tener la cara dura&lt;/code&gt;, and from that &lt;code&gt;cara&lt;/code&gt; the word &lt;code&gt;jeta&lt;/code&gt;can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has visto la &lt;strong&gt;jeta&lt;/strong&gt; de ese tío? Se acaba de colar en la fila!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, the first performer is addressing the queen as &lt;em&gt;de tú&lt;/em&gt; while the second, the guitarist, is addressing the queen as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, which leads to other misunderstandings (if I recall correctly, the first one is the king himself talking to his beloved, while the second is the poor guitarist that has to put into music the king's passionate words... So the king can address her as &lt;em&gt;de tú&lt;/em&gt; while the other musician can't, and that is made explicit at the beginning of the performance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The poem goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando (tú) &lt;strong&gt;miras&lt;/strong&gt; con desdén, (tú) &lt;strong&gt;pareces&lt;/strong&gt; fría, sujeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means &lt;code&gt;you look cold, restrained&lt;/code&gt;, and addresses the queen as &lt;em&gt;de tú&lt;/em&gt;. The second guitarist starts with: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando (usted) &lt;strong&gt;mira&lt;/strong&gt; con desdén, parece (usted) fría ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then he has to stop because the &lt;code&gt;sujeta&lt;/code&gt; could be understood as &lt;code&gt;su jeta&lt;/code&gt; (su &lt;em&gt;careto&lt;/em&gt;), and he could be telling the queen that &lt;em&gt;her funny face looks cold&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T15:45:27.393" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T15:45:27.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10154" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:48:35.693" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T02:48:35.693" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T02:48:35.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10155" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:48:35.693" Score="0" Body="Questions about scientific vocabulary or terms.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre vocabulario o términos científicos." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:21.473" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:21.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10156" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:53:55.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about Latin in the Spanish language (heritage, etymology...). Origin of the words in Latin, influence of Latin in the language or use of Latin expressions in Spanish (&lt;em&gt;vox populi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in albis&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de la influencia del latín en el español (origen de las palabras, etimología...). Preguntas sobre el uso de expresiones provenientes del Latín (&lt;em&gt;vox populi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in albis&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T07:35:18.407" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T07:35:18.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10157" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:53:55.620" Score="0" Body="Questions about influence of Latin in Spanish language (origin of words, expressions that come from Latin, etc).  &#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre la influencia del latín en el español (origen de las palabras, expresiones que provienen del latín, etc...) " OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T07:33:04.640" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T07:33:04.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10158" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:58:19.417" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T02:58:19.417" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T02:58:19.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10159" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:58:19.417" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre frases con sentido propio, diferente al que pueden expresar sus distintos componentes por separado.&#xD;&#xA;Questions about idiomatic phrases, sentences with their own meaning, different to the one that could be understood by reading its components separately." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:06:01.100" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:06:01.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10160" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:58:56.673" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T02:58:56.673" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T02:58:56.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10161" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T02:58:56.673" Score="0" Body="Questions about the Spanish alphabet&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre el alfabeto español." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:18.863" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:18.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10162" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:00:44.627" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T03:00:44.627" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T03:00:44.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10163" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:00:44.627" Score="0" Body="Questions about clothing: vocabulary, names of outfits or styles, etc.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre ropa: vocabulario, nombres de atuendos o estilos, etc." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:55.863" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:55.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10164" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:03:00.777" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T03:03:00.777" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T03:03:00.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10165" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:03:00.777" Score="0" Body="Questions about jargon or abbreviations used in new technologies: Internet, mobile, chats, etc.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre jerga o abreviaturas usadas en las nuevas tecnologías: Internet, teléfonos móviles, chats, etc.  " OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:04:35.800" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:04:35.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10166" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:03:58.570" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T03:03:58.570" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T03:03:58.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10167" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:03:58.570" Score="0" Body="Questions about technical vocabulary or concepts related to finance.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre vocabulario técnico o conceptos relacionados con las finanzas." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:29.743" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:29.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10168" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:05:38.160" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T03:05:38.160" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T03:05:38.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10169" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T03:05:38.160" Score="0" Body="Questions about the expressions or vocabulary used to guide somebody somewhere or give directions.&#xD;&#xA;Preguntas sobre expresiones o vocabulario usado para dar direcciones o guiar a alguien a algún sitio." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T17:05:35.313" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T17:05:35.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10173" CreationDate="2014-11-11T12:22:54.623" Score="3" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;DRAE doesn't say anything beyond that it comes from Latin. Wiktionary doesn't give even that. I even tried a bunch of other resources but nothing came out. Yes, I know it comes from Latin but I would love to see if anyone has anything more than that. I want to understand where the Latin &lt;em&gt;platica&lt;/em&gt; came from and what it meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T14:22:08.827" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T12:29:56.287" Title="Etymology of &quot;plática&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10172" CreationDate="2014-11-11T14:11:30.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that that latin form of &lt;em&gt;plática&lt;/em&gt; was not a name originally, but the feminine form of and adjetive, which meant &lt;em&gt;elemental&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;basic&lt;/em&gt;. It seems that it was used in expressions like &lt;em&gt;sermo platicus&lt;/em&gt;, which means basic or rudimentary conversation, and &lt;em&gt;disputatio platica&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;basic argument or discussion&lt;/em&gt;. Finally it turned into a name to define a chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?platicar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Relevant reference for the etymology of &lt;code&gt;platicar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T14:11:30.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10176" CreationDate="2014-11-11T14:20:13.083" Score="3" ViewCount="546" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking for the Spanish for blush and found &lt;strong&gt;sonrojo&lt;/strong&gt; along with the corresponding verb &lt;strong&gt;sonrojar&lt;/strong&gt;. I was happy with that until I tried using Google Translate which gave me &lt;strong&gt;rubor&lt;/strong&gt;. Dictionaries give both words as synonyms. I want to know if they're truly synonymous or just a matter of where you live? I'd be more inclined toward finding out the Latin American usage, although Iberian Spanish is also welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T14:26:07.917" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:51:35.697" Title="Difference between &quot;rubor&quot; and &quot;sonrojo&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10177" CreationDate="2014-11-11T14:32:31.310" Score="1" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both translate as burp or belch. Although each might have other connotations as well, I am only interested in the Spanish for a burp. What's the difference and if it's just dialectical, which one of the two is preferred in your country (I am more keen on Latin America or Mexico)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T14:24:32.163" LastActivityDate="2020-12-20T13:42:48.190" Title="Difference between &quot;regüeldo&quot; and &quot;eructo&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10174" CreationDate="2014-11-11T14:37:33.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both terms are complete synonyms. &lt;code&gt;Rubor&lt;/code&gt; may have some poetic connotations that sonrojar has not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rubor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online dictionaries&lt;/a&gt; would state that &lt;code&gt;rubor&lt;/code&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A response of body tissues to irritation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=rubor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE's Rubor&lt;/a&gt; is not the case, and is just a reddish coloration due to shame or embarrassment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me vas a hacer &lt;strong&gt;sonrojar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy a &lt;strong&gt;ruborizar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T16:09:46.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10175" CreationDate="2014-11-11T15:00:50.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;regüeldo&quot; is a kind of burp with odor, and is generally more disgusting. &#xA;Burp is translated as &quot;eructo&quot; wich is more common here in Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T15:00:50.743" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10197" CreationDate="2014-11-11T18:15:34.753" Score="20" ViewCount="33446" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué el español, a diferencia de otros lenguajes como el inglés, se escribe como se pronuncia (o se pronuncia como se escribe)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mis tiempos de estudiante, durante una clase de lengua salió esta pregunta y creo recordar que la respuesta es que en España convivieron durante mucho tiempo tres culturas, prácticamente representadas por sus tres religiones: cristianos, judíos y musulmanes. Por aquel entonces tanto el árabe como el hebreo tenían lenguaje escrito, pero no así el español. Debido a la necesidad de traducir de un idioma a otro se forzó la creación del lenguaje escrito para el español como una especie de &quot;anotaciones&quot; y por eso el español escrito es una representación fonética del hablado, y se puede decir que el español se escribe como se habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no sé seguro es si esto es cierto o no. No consigo encontrar ninguna referencia que lo avale. ¿Alguien sabe cuál es la razón de que el español tenga una &lt;strong&gt;mayor correspondencia entre símbolos escritos y fonemas&lt;/strong&gt; (prácticamente casi idéntica) que otros lenguajes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:45:21.210" LastActivityDate="2021-04-16T06:38:51.710" Title="¿Por qué el español se pronuncia como se escribe?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10179" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-11T19:20:30.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Construcción gramatical en la que el sujeto es el recipiente de la acción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El premio fue entregado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa fue vendida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habitualmente convierte un verbo transitivo en intransitivo, que tendrá un único argumento posible que es el agente que realiza la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatical construct in which the subject is acted upon, as opposed of doing or being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The prize was given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The house was sold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually it transforms a transitive verb into an intransitive one, with one agent that performs the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T01:34:03.160" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T01:34:03.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10180" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-11T19:20:30.350" Score="0" Body="Construcción gramatical que presenta al sujeto como paciente o pasivo.&#xD;&#xA;Gramatical construct in which the subject in acted upon." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T01:34:16.390" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T01:34:16.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10292" CreationDate="2014-11-11T21:21:42.460" Score="8" ViewCount="22066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen &lt;code&gt;MAE&lt;/code&gt; in Costa Rica used a bit and I was wondering if it is exclusive only to Costa Rica. And also, what is its general meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context is my girlfriend's brother told me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MAE&lt;/strong&gt; qué buen masaje&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I'm not sure what it means in this regard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6874" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T09:42:54.307" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T18:05:14.203" Title="What does &quot;mae&quot; mean? Is it only specific to Costa Rica?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10183" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-12T01:59:06.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas relacionadas con la poesía: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rimas: asonante/consonante. Porqué se dice que una palabra rima con la otra. Palabras que riman con otras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tipos de versos (eg. endecasílabos, sonetos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;autores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about poetry: rhymes, types of verses, authors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;types of rhymes. Words that thyme with others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;types of verses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authors &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T11:57:43.477" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:57:43.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10184" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-12T01:59:06.450" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con la poesía: rimas,tipos de versos, autores...&#xD;&#xA;Questions about poetry: rhymes, types of verses, authors..." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T11:58:51.987" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:58:51.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10185" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-12T02:50:34.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exclamaciones súbitas o repentinas que forman una frase en sí mismas. Sirven para mostrar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;dolor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ay! ¡Qué dolor!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sentimientos: asombro, admiración, alegría, deseo, desprecio, cansancio...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Madre mía! ¡Mola! ¡Hala! ¡Bravo! ¡Viva! ¡Bah! ¡Uf! ¡Ojalá! ¡Puagh!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;para saludar a alguien o llamar su atención&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Oye! ¡Eh! ¡Mira! ¡Socorro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ordenarle algo a alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Para! ¡Camina! ¡Salta! Calla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:20:04.400" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:20:04.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10186" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-12T02:50:34.423" Score="0" Body="Exclamaciones súbitas o repentinas (dolor, asombro) o para saludar a alguien u ordenarle algo. Forman una frase en sí mismas. Ejemplos: ¡Eh! ¡Para! ¡Ay! ¡Socorro! ¡Mira! ¡Corre!" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-01T09:46:50.300" LastActivityDate="2019-08-01T09:46:50.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10187" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-12T02:57:00.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre artículos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tipos (Determinados vs. indeterminados), género y/o número.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contracciones: &lt;em&gt;voy &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; bosque&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;voy &lt;strong&gt;a el&lt;/strong&gt; bosque&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vengo &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; bosque&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso con palabras que empiezan por &lt;code&gt;/a/&lt;/code&gt;: El águila - Las ágilas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about articles: number, type, gender, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:10:50.017" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:10:50.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10188" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-12T02:57:00.323" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre artículos (definidos e indefinidos): número, tipo, género, etc. // Questions about articles (definite and indefinite): number, type, gender, etc." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:10:50.017" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:10:50.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10189" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-12T03:11:21.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos irregulares son aquellos que presentan particularidades en su conjugación dependiendo del tiempo o modo en que sean conjugados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un verbo puede ser irregular por dos razones: porque experimenta cambios fonéticos en alguna de sus formas (poder/pudiendo; hacer/hará) o porque en ciertas conjugaciones el verbo toma raíces distintas (se da en los verbos &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; e &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;, ejemplos: ir/yendo; ser/fue).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T11:59:04.097" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:59:04.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10190" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-12T03:11:21.607" Score="0" Body="Questions about irregular verbs. Preguntas sobre verbos irregulares (tienen particularidades en algunas de sus conjugaciones). Ejemplos: Estar/estuve; andar/anduve; ir/yendo; poner/puesto,..." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T11:59:12.943" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:59:12.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10203" CreationDate="2014-11-12T03:45:12.733" Score="2" ViewCount="2517" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference in connotation between these three phrases? Are they all correct? I am trying to say &lt;code&gt;I want to talk to you.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero hablarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero hablar contigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero hablar con tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T13:52:57.730" Title="Hablar contigo vs Hablarte vs Hablar con tú" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10191" CreationDate="2014-11-12T04:00:35.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first two options are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero Hablarte&#xA;&#xA;Quiero Hablar contigo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third one is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6937" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T04:00:35.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10191" CreationDate="2014-11-12T06:01:28.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero hablarte&quot; is all good, it translates to I wanna speak to/with you.&#xA;&quot;Quiero hablar contigo&quot; is exactly the same as above but maybe you can say it's in a more expanded way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero hablar con tú&quot; it's plain wrong, &quot;contigo&quot; is the correct one in this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T06:01:28.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10174" CreationDate="2014-11-12T06:04:03.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They're not complete synonyms, since &quot;rubor&quot; also applies to this kind of makeup (since it looks like you're blushing).&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hJfpa.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;this one&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T06:04:03.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10145" CreationDate="2014-11-12T06:06:06.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about regional variations but at least I've never heard it like that, the H is always silent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T06:06:06.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-12T10:40:53.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta me ha rondado la cabeza casi desde que empecé a estudiar inglés y a romperme los cuernos con su pronunciación, para la que soy muy malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, el inglés tiene muchos sonidos vocálicos diferentes y aún más formas de representar esos sonidos de forma escrita, a menudo ambiguamente y sin una regla clara que permita diferenciar cada caso sin recurrir directamente a un diccionario con alfabeto fonético internacional. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;t&lt;strong&gt;ea&lt;/strong&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; [t&lt;strong&gt;iː&lt;/strong&gt;l]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;m&lt;strong&gt;ea&lt;/strong&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; [m&lt;strong&gt;iː&lt;/strong&gt;d]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;st&lt;strong&gt;ea&lt;/strong&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; [st&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;d]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy lingüista y no puedo argumentar lo siguiente, pero en una ocasión una profesora de inglés (de California) me dijo que el motivo de esto era que el inglés había incorporado (constantemente) muchas palabras de otros idiomas (incluyendo galés, escocés, danés...) sin alterar las formas de escritura y pronunciación originales. Otros idiomas, como el castellano, fueron más prolijos a la hora de adaptar y normalizar los extranjerismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:51:26.203" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-12T11:19:07.360" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El desarollo de la ortografía española se debe, en gran parte, a la influencia de la Real Academia Española.  Antes de la modernización de la ortografía, había mayor divergencia entre el idioma escrito y el idioma oral.  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortograf%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Historia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ver Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque Wikipedia asevera que la ortografía española no es fonética, sí es casi fonética en contraste con el inglés.  En el inglés, una palabra como &quot;caught&quot; mantiene el mismo deletreo de lo que tenía hace siglos, cuando la pronunciación parecía más como anglosajón.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El inglés nunca ha sufrido una modernización semejante al español, por varias razones.  Y la divergencia entre el idioma oral y escrito continúa evolucionando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T11:12:24.997" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T11:12:24.997" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-12T11:39:24.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta envuelve una afirmación que no es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El español no se pronuncia como se escribe más que otros idiomas. Lo que pasa es que nosotros, los hispanohablantes, estamos acostumbrados desde que aprendemos a leer a &quot;convertir&quot; tales dibujos en cuales sonidos. Pero esto es lo mismo que ocurre con los niños que aprenden como lengua materna el sueco o el japonés o cualquier otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué pasa con la &quot;letra&quot; &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se pronuncia una c seguida de una h?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y la &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos tres letras para el sonido inicial de la palabra &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt;: c, k y qu, y nótese esa &quot;qu&quot; que no es precisamente una q seguida de una u.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en Latinoamérica tenemos tres letras para el sonido inicial de &lt;em&gt;sopa&lt;/em&gt;: s, c y z, que no son para nada los mismos de Castilla. O sea, en Chile, en Perú y en México &quot;sopa&quot;, &quot;cena&quot; y &quot;zampa&quot; empiezan con el mismo sonido, pero se escriben com tres letras distintas. Mientras que en Madrid la primera suena distinto que las dos segundas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nadie pronuncia la primera sílaba de la palabra &lt;em&gt;infierno&lt;/em&gt; con el sonido &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;. Se acerca más a una &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;, aunque tampoco es exactamente ese sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se escribe &quot;abuelo&quot;, ¿cómo se pronuncia? ¿Es eso una &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; igual que la de &quot;barco&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando un angloparlante (que hace chasquear las letras T poniendo la lengua atrás de los dientes) escucha a un colombiano pronunciar la palabra &quot;tomate&quot; se pregunta, ¿por qué estos tipos no pronuncian tal como está escrito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que quiero llegar es a los siguiente: las personas que no hablamos y leemos inglés desde pequeños consideramos ridículo que ellos usen las letras &quot;through&quot; para escribir lo que se pronuncia &quot;zrú&quot;. Pero, al mismo tiempo, las personas que no hablan y escriben español desde niños también encuentran ridículo que escribamos &quot;chancho&quot; cuando queremos decir &quot;xañxo&quot;, con todas las dificultades que esto implica al aprender el español como segunda lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:57:28.370" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:57:28.370" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10174" CreationDate="2014-11-12T11:51:35.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El rubor es el tono enrojecido del rostro. Puede ser por salud, estado de ánimo o maquillaje. Viene del latín &quot;ruber&quot; (rojo), del que derivan otras palabras españolas como rúbrica, rubí, rubeola y rubio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sonrojo siempre es consecuencia de una vergüenza (o &quot;pena&quot;, como le dicen en algunas variedades, ¿creo que el antillano?). En cambio el rubor, pese a que generalmente es sinónimo de sonrojo, también se puede usar sin estar acompañado de la vergüenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &quot;el bebé está ruboroso&quot; es el que se ve saludable porque tiene las mejillas rosadas. No se podría decir &quot;el bebé está sonrojado&quot;, porque a esa edad los niños no demuestran esas emociones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T11:51:35.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4362" CreationDate="2014-11-12T12:13:58.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una versión probablemente incorrecta, pero graciosa, que nos argumentaba un profesor ¡de la universidad! como si fuera cierta: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El agua de la meseta castellana es muy rica en minerales, lo que trajo algunas consecuencias penosas como los cálculos renales y la caída de los dientes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La F no se podía pronunciar sin los dientes incisivos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí van otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;farina ----&gt; harina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;falcón ----&gt; halcón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fumo   ----&gt; humo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fierro ----&gt; hierro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fungo  ----&gt; hongo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;folga  ----&gt; huelga  (viene de &quot;fuelle&quot;, tiene que ver con soplar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fata ----&gt; hada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;foja ----&gt; hoja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;filio ----&gt; hijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;defensa ----&gt; dehesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T13:05:16.707" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T13:05:16.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10191" CreationDate="2014-11-12T13:03:34.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablar con tú&quot; is incorrect. Both &lt;code&gt;Quiero hablarte&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Quiero hablar contigo&lt;/code&gt; are correct, but there is a difference, due to the use of &quot;te&quot;. You could use &lt;code&gt;Quiero hablar contigo&lt;/code&gt; as it is, but you won't hear just &lt;code&gt;Quiero hablarte&lt;/code&gt;, you'll hear as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hablarte &lt;strong&gt;de algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; is a pronominal particle that you are adding to a pronominal verb, and thus it will need a direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T13:03:34.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10202" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-12T13:36:23.500" Score="3" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a Spanish 4 class, we had been told that the verb &lt;code&gt;textear&lt;/code&gt; (to text, i.e. on a cell phone) takes a direct object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo la texteé (I texted her)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I had asked the teacher regarding a situation that does take a direct object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le texteé mi dirección (I texted my address to her, or I texted her my address)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and he told me that it would indeed take an indirect object, leading him to rethink his first statement that it takes a direct object originally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which form should be used when no piece of information is being texted? &quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; texteé&quot; or &quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; texteé&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1236" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T14:27:57.493" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T19:24:54.340" Title="Direct or indirect object for textear?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10191" CreationDate="2014-11-12T13:47:41.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference in the three phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.) The first is more direct.  In English, the translation is of course, `I want to speak to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.) The second is a bit personal.  It suggests that you have a discreet reason to be talking to this person.  It is the equivalent of &lt;code&gt;I want to speak with you&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.) The third is not right, nor will it ever be.  Tú is a pronoun.  In English, without an context. the word &lt;code&gt;you&lt;/code&gt; is pretty ambiguous and would be difficult to explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You grind the salt like this - passive&#xA;I see you - direct object&#xA;I made you a cake - indirect object&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;    I made this cake for you&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence has a preposition, and, in Spanish, &lt;code&gt;Tí&lt;/code&gt; is the object of a preposition.  This isn't to say that &lt;code&gt;tí&lt;/code&gt; should follow every preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are exceptions of prepositions that exemplify the use of &lt;code&gt;mí/tí&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sin tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En tí/mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/pronouns.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/pronouns.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Con tí&lt;/code&gt; is pretty much never used, but it is 100% more correct than &lt;code&gt;Con tú&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Contigo&lt;/code&gt; is some kind of bastardized way of saying Con tí.  I do not know exactly why they even added -go to the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T13:52:57.730" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T13:52:57.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10202" CreationDate="2014-11-12T13:59:33.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you simply say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo la texteé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has no other object at all, it must be direct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le textée mi dirección a ella&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you dismantle this sentence you get&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo texteé mi dirección. -- This sentence contains the direct object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A ella (le texteé)  -- An this one the indrect, becase &lt;code&gt;Ella&lt;/code&gt; is not &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; the subject texted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/iodopro.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Direct Objects for the third person singular and plural are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Indirect Object for the above pronouns is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T13:59:33.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4362" CreationDate="2014-11-12T14:40:11.770" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;code&gt;fazer&lt;/code&gt; es medieval.  Derivado del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En portugués, aún se usa la F.  No sé porque, pero el portugués se considera latín &lt;strong&gt;vulgar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta fuente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/spport.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/spport.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el español castellano se desarrolló cerca de los que vivían en el país vasco. Esa lengua no tiene nada que hacer con latín ni ninguna lengua del mundo.  Esa lengua no lleva el fricativo &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; y por eso, los habitantes de Castilla empezaron a remover el sonido fricativo para comunicarse mejor con sus vecinos vascos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T13:52:48.420" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T13:52:48.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10145" CreationDate="2014-11-12T17:37:36.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're confusing this word pronunciation in english language with spanish where the &lt;em&gt;H&lt;/em&gt; has no sound at all.  There is no possibility of pronouncing Hector in spanish the same way as english. Always H is silent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T17:37:36.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10052" CreationDate="2014-11-12T17:41:12.373" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colombia: Lucha is referred as &lt;strong&gt;struggle&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pelea&lt;/em&gt; as engaging in a fight that should not only be physical but also legal, verbal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T17:41:12.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-12T17:46:29.487" Score="6" ViewCount="1257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si tenemos dos cosas que comparten un sustantivo y solo se diferencian por un adjetivo, es posible escribir el sustantivo en plural y los adjetivos en singular (ejemplos del DPD):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las razas negra y blanca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los sótanos primero y tercero (y quinto...etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me resulta nada extraño esto.  Pero el otro día, estuve escribiendo un correo hablando de algunos programas que tenemos y a quién están dirigidos.  Todo bien, hasta que llegué a lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;orientado a los alumnos gais, [ &lt;em&gt;lesbianos&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;lesbianas&lt;/em&gt; ] y transexuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por definición, las lesbianas son mujeres y por lo tanto solo existen &lt;em&gt;alumnas lesbianas&lt;/em&gt;, pero dada la concordancia normal, ya que se tiene &lt;em&gt;los alumnos&lt;/em&gt; encabezando la unidad sustantival me suena mucho mejor en masculino.  EL DPD no habla de tal construcción en su artículo en concordancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si por ejemplo hablásemos de algún tipo de pájaro cuyos machos fuesen de color rojo (solo) y cuyas hembras fuesen de color amarillo (solo), ¿cuál sería la forma mejor de referir a las amarillas en la siguiente frase (sin reduplicar ni el sustantivo ni artículo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los pájaros rojos y [ &lt;em&gt;amarillos&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;amarillas&lt;/em&gt; ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O si hablamos de alumnos con condiciones médicas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los alumnos parapléjicos, ciegos, [ &lt;em&gt;embarazados&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;embarazadas&lt;/em&gt; ], etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo os parece?  ¿Débese concordar en femenino o masculino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T03:17:53.090" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:24:02.677" Title="Concordancia de género en el plural con adjetivos disyunctivos" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10208" CreationDate="2014-11-12T18:28:29.140" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que debe concordar con el sustantivo, como lo hace el artículo. Digamos que el mirlo es el ave que describes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mirlos rojos y amarillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digamos que es un pez, y es la caballa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las caballas rojas y amarillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sepas que estás designado a un conjunto de la población con una determinada distinción de sexo, el adjetivo se refiere a &lt;strong&gt;la clase&lt;/strong&gt;. Ten en cuenta además que se suele usar el masculino para hacer referencia conjuntos formados por seres de ambos sexos. &lt;code&gt;Alumnos&lt;/code&gt; puede designar tanto a un colectivo mixto como formado exclusivamente por chicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quisieras referirte sólo a uno de los sexos de nuestras hipotéticas aves (rojos ellos; amarillas ellas) no dirías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mirlos amarillas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las águilas rojos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, el problema es que no puede concordar en masculino en todos los casos porque algunos de esos adjetivos (o sustantivos) no admiten forma en masculino (ni &lt;em&gt;embarazados&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;lesbianos&lt;/em&gt;, aunque hay parejas que cuando esperan un bebé dicen &amp;quot;estamos embarazados&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;ella está embarazada&amp;quot;. No sé hasta qué punto esto es correcto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que creo que debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un programa para alumnos gais, lesbianas y transexuales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un programa orientado a alumnos ciegos, parapléjicos, embarazadas, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la pega está en que el texto es ambiguo, y puede parecer que ofreces el programa a, por ejemplo, alumnos ciegos (sólo alumnos, no cualquier ciego) y cualquier embarazada (no exclusivamente a alumnas embarazadas) y no quieres repetir &lt;em&gt;alumnas lesbianas y alumnos transexuales&lt;/em&gt;), pero hay que tener en cuenta de nuevo que la forma masculina puede usarse para referirse a colectivos mixtos (a ciegos y ciegas, no sólo a ellos), por lo que todos esos adjetivos se refieren a colectivos mixtos, excepto &amp;quot;lesbianas&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;embarazadas&amp;quot; que por razones obvias no pueden serlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando lo he visto escrito en algún cartel, lo resuelven con la dichosa arroba (alumn@s gais, lesbianas o trans), que personalmente no me gusta nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que pasa igual con otros sustantivo o adjetivos que sólo puedan tener forma masculina, y si tienes esa conjunción de adjetivos tendrá que ir en masculino aunque el sustantivo y el artículo sean femeninos (si es que hay algún caso como este, porque no se me ocurre ninguno. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10223/5481&quot;&gt;Quizá patán?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T20:48:03.043" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4362" CreationDate="2014-11-12T20:16:36.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No está claro que pasó pero sí, antes se pronunciaban como efes y en algún momento se fueron haciendo suaves hasta confundirlas con la h aspirada y finalmente desapareció. Una forma sencilla de ver que sí se pronunciaban de esa manera es comparando las palabras con el portugués o el italiano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Español: Hijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Portugués: Filho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Italiano: Figlio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así como ese hay muchos otros ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T20:16:36.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10202" CreationDate="2014-11-13T01:46:06.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt; does not exist in Spanish, you will not find any entrance in RAE and in any dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;escribir un texto&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt;, both means the same but the first one includes the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le escribí (un texto , CD).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Le, CI) escribí (un texto, CD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escribí (un texto, CD) (a mi abuelo, CI)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never heard this word here in Spain, if it were a word like &lt;em&gt;chatear&lt;/em&gt; (finally accepted by RAE due to the huge influence of the English word chat in all the Spanish speaking countries), maybe we could assume the same here in &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt; but I do not think this would be the case. For me &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt; seems to be an Spanglish verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?type=3&amp;amp;val=textear&amp;amp;val_aux=&amp;amp;origen=REDRAE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/textear&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/textear&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TheFreeDictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/textear&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T02:10:46.780" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10208" CreationDate="2014-11-13T10:21:43.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si estoy en lo correcto, pero si un sustantivo se refiere a una categoría o grupo de elementos, entre los cuales encontramos elementos de género masculino y femenino, al referirme a alguno de esos elementos utilizaré el género de ese elemento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los alumnos parapléjicos, ciegos, embarazadas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego que me suena mal, pero de la otra forma también. Para evitar estas situaciones recurro a las mismas técnicas que las empleadas para el lenguaje política y gramáticamente correcto en temas de género:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los alumnos (quizás &quot;el alumnado&quot;) [afectados de | que sufran] paraplejia, ceguera, embarazo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todo esto es muy discutible. Los ejemplos que incluye Diego en su respuesta yo los dejaría tal cual, porque entiendo que un pájaro puede ser hembra o macho, al igual que un pez o una caballa. Yo no digo &quot;un caballo macho&quot;, pero tampoco digo &quot;un alumno embarazado&quot;.&#xA;De alguna forma encuentro casos en los que prefiero la concordancia con el género del elemento y otros en los que la prefiero con el de la categoría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="5584" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T20:13:22.473" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T20:13:22.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10172" CreationDate="2014-11-13T12:29:56.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I found no sources that confirm me, are just class notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;plática&lt;/em&gt; derived from &lt;em&gt;práctica&lt;/em&gt; in the Latin sense of &quot;practicus&quot;, (&quot;practical&quot;, &quot;active&quot;), which is related to the Greek &quot;praxis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the usual sense, &quot;práctica&quot; refers to something habitual exercise. But &quot;plática&quot; refers to what is ordinary, usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that sense, &lt;em&gt;platicar&lt;/em&gt; originally refers to talk about what would be ordinary, common, current.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T12:29:56.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10202" CreationDate="2014-11-13T14:36:46.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, any noun can be employed as if it were a verb.  Don't let the grammarians tell you otherwise.  Using the noun &quot;text&quot; as a verb is a case in point.  This usage was introduced into the language by young people.  Young people were the first to assimilate the smartphone into their culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the form of a word indicates the part of speech.  Hence &lt;em&gt;texto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt; are two different words.  (Of course, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;texto&lt;/em&gt; is a verb form that coincides with the noun form).  Any new word encounters some resistance by the folks who uphold the current standards.  That resistance is more formal in Spanish culture than in English culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, you're going to get plenty of answers that tell you not to employ such a verb until after it has been accepted by the RAE.  That's not how it happens in the real world.  The future always arrives too soon, and in the wrong order.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get back to your question,  the use of an indirect object for the recipient of a text message will depend on the speech patterns of the early adopters.  The chances are they will mimic the pattern established for some other verb that means &lt;em&gt;comunicar&lt;/em&gt; is some special context.  I chose the verb &lt;em&gt;telegrafiar&lt;/em&gt; for lack of a better alternative.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/telegrafiar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;See definition&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is any guide,  the target of the communication will take an indirect object.  However, you should read up on the link to laismo/leismo that Diego provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T19:24:54.340" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T19:24:54.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10145" CreationDate="2014-11-13T19:37:33.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree, the H should be silent.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there may be leeway in the pronunciation of the J sound like, &quot;Juan&quot; or &quot;Ciudad Juarez&quot;.  I have heard with a strong H sound, and sometimes hardly at all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6951" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T19:37:33.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-13T19:40:06.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that clay is called &lt;code&gt;arcilla&lt;/code&gt; in Argentina.  :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6951" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T19:40:06.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-11-13T20:20:55.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no distinction, but in Colombia, is more often use the word &lt;em&gt;papas&lt;/em&gt; instead &lt;em&gt;patatas&lt;/em&gt; for reference potatoes &quot;in any variations&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un paquete de papas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un bulto de papas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Papas a la francesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Papa criolla / Papa boyacense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Papa chorreada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T20:20:55.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10228" CreationDate="2014-11-13T20:33:25.213" Score="2" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one decline (if at all) the adjective &lt;em&gt;patán&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We all know there's inconsistencies in languages and I was thinking about this adjective. My intuition tells me it should be declined, but it sounds off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the proper way to decline it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es una patana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué patana es ella!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or rather:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es una patán.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué patán es ella!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some common adjectives that wouldn't get declined [either]? I can think of some, but they're mostly recent foreign additions to the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T20:32:45.570" Title="Declension of the word &quot;patán&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;declinación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10223" CreationDate="2014-11-13T20:39:54.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Patán&lt;/code&gt; is a masculine form, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=pat%E1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;according to the RAE&lt;/a&gt;. It is a noun that can be used as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article must agree with number and gender (so &lt;em&gt;una patán&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct form, &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/327219334017581057&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;according to this source&lt;/a&gt; would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es una patana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I can't tell you is up to which point you can use that adjective (or noun) to refer to a woman. Sounds to me that is like saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es un &lt;em&gt;machote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=machote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Machote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; stands, among other things, as a brave bold &lt;strong&gt;man&lt;/strong&gt;). You won't use &lt;em&gt;machota&lt;/em&gt;, and despite gender concordances people will understand that you are trying to allocate the connotations or attributes of that noun or adjective to that person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T20:32:45.570" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T20:32:45.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10238" CreationDate="2014-11-13T20:57:14.687" Score="3" ViewCount="4703" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wile studying grammar, I learned that the object pronoun could go in either of the places when the verb is being used as an infinitive. So, for &quot;I want to buy it,&quot; both of these sentences would be grammatically and semantically correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 1. Quiero comprarlo&#xA; 2. Lo quiero comprar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example would be the sentence, &quot;I'm preparing it&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 1. Estoy preparándolo&#xA; 2. Lo estoy preparando&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am sure there must be some kind of preference in regular day-to-day speech. Which one of the two variations is more likely to be heard in which country (particularly keen on Mexican Spanish)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:43:20.553" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:43:20.553" Title="&quot;Quiero comprarlo&quot; vs &quot;Lo quiero comprar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10223" CreationDate="2014-11-13T22:09:42.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;patán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De pata).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Aldea&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; rústi&lt;strong&gt;co&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Hombre&lt;/strong&gt; zafio y tosco. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This word can't be used on women, it is only for men. Using it with women it could sound as a joke, so saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Eres una patana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Eres una patán!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the same thing for me, since feminine form doesn't exist you can play with the word, but &lt;em&gt;patana&lt;/em&gt; has a stronger joking meaning. I've never hear it before in this way but I see no problem but this can't be used in formal environments, texts, etc. You can say it with friends or just as a joke, in chatting or even on literature to sound funny and closer to people, sometimes writers use &lt;em&gt;incorrect&lt;/em&gt; words this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T20:31:22.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10225" CreationDate="2014-11-13T23:16:56.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is basically the English equivalent of the difference between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am preparing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm preparing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, it's not the literal translation or the literal difference, but it has the same lack of prejudice. &lt;code&gt;I am&lt;/code&gt; is used for formal writing or conversation; it makes you sound a bit more educated, while &lt;code&gt;I'm&lt;/code&gt; is just a shortcut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A fallacy with this example is that, your Spanish examples have the same amount of syllables, while my English example loses one.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;It is easier to read (and write/type), &lt;code&gt;Lo estoy preparando&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; VS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;the easier to say phrase, &lt;code&gt;Estoy preparándolo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The fact that you have to add an accent adds to my point.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;♫ | It's easier to hear &lt;code&gt;Estoy preparándolo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every speaker of every language has their slip-ups in speech at one point.  Humans aren't perfect, so it's safe to assume that someone could easily be interpreted as saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo estoy preparando&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;Lo estoy preparando&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-11-15T00:37:52.090" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T00:37:52.090" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10223" CreationDate="2014-11-14T01:44:35.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acute nouns ending in -n and -s are adding a feminine -a, except for &quot;barón&quot; (fem: &quot;baronesa&quot;) and &quot;edecán&quot; and &quot;rehén&quot; (used for both genders).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To form the feminine of adjectives ending in -or, -ol, -ón, -án, -ín and -és, is added -a to each, except for &quot;cortés&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Eres una patana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-14T01:50:05.007" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T01:50:05.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5745" CreationDate="2014-11-14T02:25:42.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just that. &lt;em&gt;Patata&lt;/em&gt; is the word of Spain and &lt;em&gt;papa&lt;/em&gt; the word of América, Canarias and Andalucía. We all understand both words because TV shows, dubbings and recipes books, mix thosw words but they often use &lt;em&gt;patata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T02:25:42.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10225" CreationDate="2014-11-14T20:18:09.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a matter of emphasis only. The meaning is exactly the same but the emphasis is in a different element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, specifically me, want to buy something. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Quiero comprarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to buy that, specifically that. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lo quiero comprar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T20:18:09.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10208" CreationDate="2014-11-14T20:41:58.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te puedes saltar la concordancia con una pequeña perífrasis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;orientado a los alumnos &lt;strong&gt;que sean&lt;/strong&gt; gais, lesbianas y transexuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los alumnos &lt;strong&gt;que estén&lt;/strong&gt; parapléjicos, ciegos, embarazadas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos &amp;quot;los alumnos&amp;quot; queda en género neutro, con la forma del masculino, y los adjetivos se ponen también en neutro salvo que no lo admitan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T20:41:58.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10202" CreationDate="2014-11-14T22:13:46.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El estimado AlexBCN tells us that &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt; isn't in any dictionary. If it ever makes it into a dictionary lexicographers may come up with a different analysis, but for now I'll propose the following as a working definition: &lt;em&gt;enviar un mensaje de texto [que incluye ...]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part in brackets should be read in when textear takes a direct object. For example, &lt;em&gt;texteé la info&lt;/em&gt; could be read as &lt;em&gt;envié un mensaje que incluía la información&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A recipient of textear should be denoted using an indirect object: &lt;em&gt;le texteé&lt;/em&gt; can be taken to mean &lt;em&gt;le envié un mensaje de texto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With both direct and indirect objects: &lt;em&gt;le texteé la info&lt;/em&gt; can be taken to mean &lt;em&gt;le envié un mensaje de texto que incluía los datos&lt;/em&gt;.  You could also say &lt;em&gt;se la texteé&lt;/em&gt; if the antecedents are reasonably clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was an interesting question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Usual disclaimer: I'm not a native speaker but have lived in México DF for over ten years. This is what I've observed people speaking and writing. Maybe people do it differently elsewhere.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T22:13:46.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10223" CreationDate="2014-11-14T23:23:00.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually I can't comment but as a spanish I can tell, you can say &quot;machota&quot;, sounds weird even for me.Is more like a suburban word, but actually RAE have it.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=machota&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=machota&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;It's saying a woman its kind of tomboy/ not very &quot;femenine&quot; or you can even say it like &quot;you are very strong&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Qué machota eres!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I never recommend you to say patana, even if RAE say so:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/327219334017581057&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/327219334017581057&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6956" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T23:23:00.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-14T23:33:04.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain, and it's like Mauricio and Diego says. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arcilla is for the material for sculpture while barro it's more used for the dirt in the ground where children play with water, like Diego say: &quot;mud&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spain we don't said barro for pimples.&#xA;Pimples in spanish is &quot;granos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6956" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T23:33:04.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2014-11-15T00:20:58.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best answer is from Diego.&#xA;And actually I could say &quot;colado&quot; it's probably the best for &quot;crush&quot;, becouse you don't love actually, you only have this &quot;like&quot; feelings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nobody say it before,its another way to say it too in Spain.&#xA;like crush is somewhat..informal, isn´t it? This can be mean &quot;crush&quot; too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy colgado de él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The littleraly translation could be I'm hanging with him/her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You like that person, but you don't really know him/her so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these words look so informal.(colgado/colado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say if you  want to actually  say that to your actually crush, say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Me siento atraído por ti&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Estoy colgado por él/ Estoy colado por él&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be like more saying to your mates or friends that you like someone you don't know so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6956" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T00:20:58.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10225" CreationDate="2014-11-15T00:44:37.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy preparándolo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when I want to stress the fact that &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; am involved. The emphasis is in the implied subject &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, when I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo quiero comprar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo estoy preparando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am stressing the &amp;quot;it&amp;quot;. The &amp;quot;it&amp;quot; is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, I emphasize the first word (by increasing a little the volume of the voice, slowing down the velocity, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very similar to another answer I gave: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/313/how-do-i-know-whether-to-attach-a-direct-object-pronoun-to-the-infinitive/608%23608&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/313/how-do-i-know-whether-to-attach-a-direct-object-pronoun-to-the-infinitive/608#608&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T18:40:53.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10225" CreationDate="2014-11-15T02:25:14.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Back in the day, there was a difference, that is that you couldn't begin utterances with object pronouns. Thus &quot;lo quiero comprar&quot; would have been seen as vastly less formal (even agrammatical). That isn't the case today, and both are interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-16T23:31:08.860" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T23:31:08.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10243" CreationDate="2014-11-15T13:02:36.913" Score="2" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words mean &quot;to caress&quot; or &quot;to fondle&quot; according to the dictionaries. Is it really so? Are the exactly the same thing? If not, in what way does adding that &quot;a&quot; change the meaning? My question also pertains to several similar Spanish verbs that have a variant with the &quot;a&quot; prefix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T15:28:30.197" Title="Difference between &quot;cariciar&quot; and &quot;acariciar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10240" CreationDate="2014-11-15T14:11:24.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't thin that &lt;code&gt;cariciar&lt;/code&gt; exits as a verb. You have the name &lt;code&gt;caricia&lt;/code&gt; and the verb &lt;code&gt;acariciar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find &lt;code&gt;cariciar&lt;/code&gt; in the DRAE or RAE's Twiter and only &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cariciar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this reference for &lt;em&gt;cariciar&lt;/em&gt; online&lt;/a&gt;. I'm unsure up to which point the &lt;em&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/em&gt; could be trusted more than the RAE. Maybe we have &lt;code&gt;cariciar&lt;/code&gt; due to regional differences; Maybe is just misspelled somewhere. It seems that &lt;em&gt;cariciar&lt;/em&gt; is actually a verb in Portuguese. Maybe somebody made a mistake while editing the &lt;em&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acariciar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacer caricias. Tocar, rozar suavemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tratar a alguien con amor y ternura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caricia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demostración cariñosa que consiste en rozar suavemente con la mano el cuerpo de una persona, de un animal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the second part of your question, in Spanish we have for example &lt;code&gt;Rascar&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refregar o frotar fuertemente la piel con algo agudo o áspero, y por lo regular con las uñas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arañar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard people saying &amp;quot;arrascar&amp;quot; for this action although RAE doesn't contemplate it. I don't think that you can just add that &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or take it for these verbs. Maybe there is an exception, but as a rule of thumb, I would avoid &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;arrascar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;cariciar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, etc. Problably this is some sort of misunderstanding on the spoken language when you have an &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; in from of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a acariciar al perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounding like it was &amp;quot;Voy a &lt;em&gt;cariciar&lt;/em&gt; al perro&amp;quot;, and thinking that there is actually a &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;cariciar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T14:31:37.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10240" CreationDate="2014-11-15T15:28:30.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some Spanish verbs are formed by adding the prefix a- and a verbal ending to nouns or adjectives. The a- prefix derived from the Latin prepositions &lt;em&gt;ab&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;agent&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;source&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No precise rules on when to use the prefix, but usually is used when the verb formed means &quot;to do something for...&quot; or &quot;the result of acting with...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cabo = &quot;end&quot; ------&amp;gt; acabar = &quot;finish, get to the end&quot;&#xA;licor = &quot;alcoholic drink&quot; = ----&amp;gt; alicorar = &quot;get drunk&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I insist it is not a general rule, in most cases the word is historically formed and the prefix has lost meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;plazo - aplazar&#xA;compañía - acompañar&#xA;tormenta - atormentar&#xA;provecho - aprovechar&#xA;pareja - aparejar&#xA;manso - amansar&#xA;largo - alargar&#xA;seguro - asegurar&#xA;cierto - acertar&#xA;crédito - acreditar&#xA;grato - agradar&#xA;firme - afirmar&#xA;consejo - aconsejar&#xA;breve - abreviar&#xA;premura - apremiar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all these cases is wrong to omit the prefix (plazar, compañar, tormentar...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The consciousness of etymology is lost in words like &lt;em&gt;apagar, admirar, acostar, abrazar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;adorar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar situation occurs with the prefix en- (gancho - enganchar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T15:28:30.197" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10245" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10251" CreationDate="2014-11-16T04:34:02.213" Score="2" ViewCount="1595" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según este &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=porque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt;, la conjunción &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; debe ir separada de &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; cuando el verbo exija esa preposición. Como ejemplo pongo el verbo &lt;strong&gt;inclinarse por&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me inclino por que estés aquí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se inclinaba por que el azul fuese el color elegido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente no puedo hacer la distinción en cuanto al sentido si cambio &lt;strong&gt;por que&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt;. Sigo con los dos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me inclino porque estés aquí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se inclinaba porque el azul fuese el color elegido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto mis preguntas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es ambigua la distinción en estos ejemplos entre &lt;strong&gt;por que&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene sentido construir una frase que indique una causa (que deberá ser introducida por &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt;) después del verbo &lt;strong&gt;inclinarse por&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-16T17:12:28.427" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T13:07:27.680" Title="«Porque» después de «inclinarse por»" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10245" CreationDate="2014-11-16T05:16:54.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Ambiguo?  No, ni en la lengua oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que tomar en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; es la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; seguido por el pronombre relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.  En esta construcción, no es nada diferente que otras preposiciones seguidas por &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;a que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;con que&lt;/em&gt; …).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando dices &lt;em&gt;me inclino por [algo]&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de que normalmente ese &lt;em&gt;[algo]&lt;/em&gt; suele ser un sustantivo, si lo que queremos mostrar nuestra preferencia es una cláusula entera, lo ponemos encabezado con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [salir con vosotros].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [el bar en el centro].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [que salgamos al bar en el centro]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que es muy normal el uso de subjuntivo en la cláusula sustantival, ya que nuestra inclinación demuestra una preferencia, así obligando su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay dos de estas preposiciones que se han fusionado con el &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; para hacer un coordinador (o conjunción, según terminología).  &lt;em&gt;Porque&lt;/em&gt; es uno de estos, que significa &lt;em&gt;por causa o razón de que&lt;/em&gt; (y también &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;, aunque este ultimo queda casi en desuso).&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque&lt;/em&gt; coordina una segunda cláusula ordinal, por lo tanto, solo le sigue una cláusula con su verbo en indicativo (excepto cuando significa &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;, en tal caso, se usa obligatoriamente el subjuntivo).  Así que, con &lt;em&gt;inclinarse por&lt;/em&gt;, será evidente la diferencia por el modo del verbo en la cláusula siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay problema en usar &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; después de &lt;em&gt;inclinarse&lt;/em&gt;, pero a menos que primero pongas otro &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; con lo que estés prefiriendo, alguien lo entenderá en el sentido de posicionar el cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [mi preferencia]. &lt;sub&gt;(sentido mostrar preferencia)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [mi preferencia] porque [la razón es …]. &lt;sub&gt;(sentido mostrar preferencia)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino por [que algo sea] porque [la razón es …]. &lt;sub&gt;(sentido mostrar preferencia)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me inclino porque [la razón es …] &lt;sub&gt;(sentido movimiento físico)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. La otra preposición que quedó fusionado con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Conque&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;por lo tanto&lt;/em&gt;, pero al principio de oraciones puede indicar sorpresa.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-16T17:04:35.393" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T17:04:35.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10249" CreationDate="2014-11-16T06:39:12.217" Score="3" ViewCount="1357" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Dioniso] sigue rascándose una pantorrilla contra otra, desesperado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la pantorrilla es la parte de la pierna opuesta a la rodilla, la parte abultada. Entonces, ¿cómo es posible rascarse una a otra sin ser contorsionista?  Creo que no entiendo bien la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6962" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-16T17:07:42.377" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T17:07:42.377" Title="Rascarse una pantorrilla contra otra" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3148" CreationDate="2014-11-16T13:44:11.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi época (1978) se denominaba antro a los lugares de mala reputación, y de mala muerte, donde proliferaba la gente de lo peor, llámese ladrones, asesinos, prostitutas y se consumía heroína y drogas. En la actualidad los jovenes la empezaron a usar por el año 1998 cuando se referian despectivamente a alguna discoteca en la cual no los habian tratado con cordialidad, o se habian sobrepasado con copas y los tuvieron que echar de ahi. &#xA;De ahi viene la palabra antro para referirse a lugares elegantes o finos, ya sea karaoke bar, canta bar, discoteca. Y el termino cabaret se lo dejaron a los realmente antros, siendo que en mi epoca los cabaret (palabra proveniente de Francia) era un lugar donde se presentaban espectaculos musicales, bailables comicos etc, y en dode eran recibidos por un portero quine acomodaba los coches y los atendian meseros elegantemente vestidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6963" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-16T15:26:38.783" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T15:26:38.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10247" CreationDate="2014-11-16T14:31:09.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pantorrilla es la parte de detrás de la pierna, &lt;strong&gt;justo por debajo del hueco de la rodilla&lt;/strong&gt;. Es una forma coloquial de llamar un conjunto de músculos que engloba los &lt;em&gt;gemelos&lt;/em&gt; interno y externo (calf muscles) y el sóleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://www.primehealthchannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Calf-Muscles-300x195.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pantorrilla&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin ser un contorsionista, uno puede rascarse una pantorrilla contra la otra, incluso estando de pie. Hay que estar a la pata coja y pasar una pierna por detrás de la otra (aunque más bien frotas la parte de atrás de una pierna contra el lateral de otra, pero no tomes la expresión en el sentido más literal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T09:42:49.237" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T14:50:28.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10245" CreationDate="2014-11-16T16:11:08.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; es una preposición con muchísimas funciones. En este caso la estás usando como &amp;quot;a favor de&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; guardarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; que los guardemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;a favor de&lt;/strong&gt; que los guardemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo caso usamos un &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; para subordinar la oración &amp;quot;los guardemos&amp;quot;. Puede quedarte claro que son palabas separadas si haces una perífrasis como ésta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; la opción de &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; los guardemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; es una conjunción que indica que lo anterior es la consecuencia y lo posterior es la causa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; no alcanzo a ver desde esta posición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;pues&lt;/strong&gt; no alcanzo a ver desde esta posición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;a causa de que&lt;/strong&gt; no alcanzo a ver desde esta posición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No alcanzo a ver desde esta posición, &lt;strong&gt;por lo tanto&lt;/strong&gt;, me inclino. [inverso]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto al ejemplo de &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; que tú propones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; estés aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es una oración aceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puse más arriba, la conjunción &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; indica causa. El significado aquí entonces sería &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;la causa es que estés aquí; la consecuencia es que me inclino&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. No estoy seguro, pero no creo que sea esa la intención de la frase, me parece extraña. De hecho, como indicas, el significado comunicado no es una &lt;em&gt;causa&lt;/em&gt;, sino una &lt;em&gt;preferencia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;, al ser una conjunción, une dos elementos con un equivalente valor sintáctico. En este caso, tendrían que ser dos oraciones independientes, cada una con un verbo nuclear en modo indicativo. Fíjate en el segundo verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[incorrecto] Me inclino porque &lt;strong&gt;estés&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ correcto ] Me inclino porque &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda oración está correcta sintácticamente, pero no corresponde a lo que quieres comunicar. Si quieres usar una conjunción entre dos oraciones, ambas tienen que estar en el mismo modo (indicativo: &lt;em&gt;inclino-estás&lt;/em&gt;), porque ambas oraciones tienen la misma &amp;quot;importancia sintáctica&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, en la oración que tú propones, hay un verbo en indicativo (&lt;em&gt;inclino&lt;/em&gt;) y otro verbo en subjuntivo (&lt;em&gt;estés&lt;/em&gt;). Esto pasa cuando hay una oración principal (la del indicativo) y otra oración secundaria subordinada (la del subjuntivo) que sirve de &amp;quot;apoyo&amp;quot; a la principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración principal es &amp;quot;Me inclino por X&amp;quot;. Ese X se puede reemplazar por muchas cosas subordinadas, que sintácticamente funcionen como sustantivo, terminen el complemento encabezado por &amp;quot;por&amp;quot; y que indiquen la preferencia que quieres comunicar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino por &lt;strong&gt;María&lt;/strong&gt;. [un sustantivo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino por &lt;strong&gt;un helado de chocolate&lt;/strong&gt;. [una frase nominal]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino por &lt;strong&gt;trabajar este domingo&lt;/strong&gt;. [una subordinada sustantiva de infinitivo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino por &lt;strong&gt;que estés aquí&lt;/strong&gt;. [una subordinada sustantiva de completivo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo tuyo es esto último, entonces el verbo va en subjuntivo (porque es una subordinada) y la construcción va encabezada obligatoriamente por un &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; (o alguna otra palabra con esa función, hay otras). No es posible usar un subjuntivo sin encabezar la oración con un &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces &amp;quot;Me inclino porque estés aquí&amp;quot; es incorrecto porque no lleva ese &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T13:07:27.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10253" CreationDate="2014-11-16T16:36:24.847" Score="1" ViewCount="6854" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I came across a Facebook post about weekend titled &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buen Fin&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. I know &quot;happy weekend&quot; translates as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;buen fin de semana&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and I reckon &lt;strong&gt;buen fin&lt;/strong&gt; to be just an abbreviation. What I want to know from native speakers is, was this a one-off example that I came across or is it common for natives to abbreviate this phrase in real? &lt;strong&gt;Buen fin de semana&lt;/strong&gt; does sound like quite a mouthful to me so I think &lt;strong&gt;buen fin&lt;/strong&gt; would be a much easier way to wish someone a happy weekend. But I don't want to sound odd to native ears doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T16:02:03.403" Title="Buen fin de semana" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10252" CreationDate="2014-11-16T16:41:52.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper abbreviation for &lt;code&gt;Buen fin de semana&lt;/code&gt; in Spain is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buen &lt;strong&gt;finde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;code&gt;Buen Fin&lt;/code&gt; has other meanings there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero llevar este proyecto &lt;strong&gt;a buen fin&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is not used to refer to the weekend, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that in México &lt;code&gt;El Buen Fin&lt;/code&gt; is used to designate an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Buen_Fin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;special event&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Buen Fin (&lt;strong&gt;Literally the &quot;The Good End&quot; but implying &quot;The Good Weekend&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;) is an annual nationwide shopping event in Mexico, in existence since 2011 and taking place on the third weekend of November in Mexico, and the beginning of the Christmas shopping season.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Please, note the difference between the meaning of the expression and the &lt;em&gt;implied&lt;/em&gt; meaning for the specific event)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is a sales/shopping event, like Black Friday (friday after Thanksgiving in the States), that takes place in a weekend. Probably what you saw in Facebook was an ad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-17T14:20:08.720" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T14:20:08.720" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10252" CreationDate="2014-11-16T17:50:54.323" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, “Buen fin” is a totally common phrase, meaning something like “Have a nice weekend”. The literal translation would be “Que tengas un buen fin de semana”, but few people say that because it's too long (but it may be appropiate in a formal context).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that “fin” itself is also used with the meaning of “weekend”, such as “¿Qué vas a hacer este fin?” (“What will you do this weekend?”) and “¿Qué tal tu fin?” (“How was your weekend?”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Diego already pointed out, it's probable that what you saw actually was an ad for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elbuenfin.org/&quot;&gt;El Buen Fin&lt;/a&gt;, a Black-Friday-like event. The name of this event is such because people already say “buen fin”, and they want to convey that a nice weekend will be a shopping weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: I think the confusion with Diego is that he is from Spain and I'm from Mexico. It seems that it's a Mexican idiom rather than a generalized one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5754" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T17:50:54.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2014-11-16T19:35:14.407" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Catalan is probably more closely related to French than Spanish, also it sounds more a mix between Spanish and Portuguese. Grammatically, the structure is almost identical; even someone who only speaks Spanish will be able to understand Catalan if it is spoken slowly and clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6965" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T19:35:14.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10257" CreationDate="2014-11-16T21:58:34.260" Score="4" ViewCount="264" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay que tener presente aquí que el infinito de que se trata en las vías es un infinito metafísico(...) y no un infinito matemático(...) ni físico, en el que las causas son unívocas y explican, en todo caso, el &lt;strong&gt;fieri del efecto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen the expression 'fieri' sometimes counterposed to 'facto', like in the article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.publiboda.com/esencia/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La iglesia católica: La esencia del matrimonio&lt;/a&gt;. I've tried searching the Spanish dictionary but I got no hits. The Italian gave me meanings like 'proud' and others similar, but they don't seem to fit well in this sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:21:37.613" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:21:37.613" Title="In &quot;fieri del efecto&quot;, what does &quot;fieri&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;latinismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10256" CreationDate="2014-11-17T00:09:37.243" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;In fieri&lt;/code&gt;: Locución latina que se emplea para designar aquello que está por hacer. Procede del verbo &lt;em&gt;fio&lt;/em&gt; que significa &lt;em&gt;convertirse&lt;/em&gt;. Esta locución se emplea para expresar que algo está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en proceso, pendiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eumed.net/diccionario/jaor/GLOSARIO%20JURIDICO%20LATINO%20LETRA%20I.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Referencia de glosario jurídico (Letra i)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T00:09:37.243" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-11-17T00:09:37.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10261" CreationDate="2014-11-17T00:45:47.573" Score="5" ViewCount="5205" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference if both mean &quot;to understand&quot;? One source (spanish.about.com) says the &lt;strong&gt;comprender&lt;/strong&gt; implies a deeper understanding than &lt;strong&gt;entender&lt;/strong&gt; but that doesn't help much. Is there any thumb-rule around their usage? Any regionalism?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T17:48:42.917" Title="Difference between &quot;comprender&quot; and &quot;entender&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10258" CreationDate="2014-11-17T02:22:44.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that both words are &lt;strong&gt;complete synonyms&lt;/strong&gt;, when they refer to &lt;code&gt;to understand&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a proper rule of thumb, but I think I tend to use &lt;code&gt;comprender&lt;/code&gt; when you understand something by your own means or studies, and &lt;code&gt;enteder&lt;/code&gt; when you understand something because somebody explained something to you (meaning that there is some &lt;em&gt;transmission&lt;/em&gt; of knowledge), but this may not apply to other Spanish speakers. &lt;code&gt;Entender&lt;/code&gt; can also be used when there is some sort of understanding or communication between two entities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los dos jefes de proyecto se conocieron ese día y se &lt;strong&gt;entendieron&lt;/strong&gt; a la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that it didn't take long for the two project leaders to understand each other (understand motivations and goals or get to common ground or agreement). I would naturally favor &lt;code&gt;entender&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;comprender&lt;/code&gt; on this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;code&gt;entender&lt;/code&gt;can also be used for the wisdom or knowledge you have gained (I would say that &lt;code&gt;entender&lt;/code&gt; is a better synonym for &lt;code&gt;saber (to know about something)&lt;/code&gt; than &lt;code&gt;comprender&lt;/code&gt; is):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lleva muchos años trabajando en IBM y &lt;strong&gt;entiende&lt;/strong&gt; mucho de ordenadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T02:22:44.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10258" CreationDate="2014-11-17T12:39:39.417" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entender and comprender are generally synonymous, but of course have uses particular to each one (as mentioned, &lt;em&gt;entender&lt;/em&gt; can be an alternate for &lt;em&gt;to know&lt;/em&gt;, slang for &lt;em&gt;to be gay&lt;/em&gt;, or legally meaning &lt;em&gt;to affects&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to pertain to&lt;/em&gt;).  If a contrast must be made, however, it is that &lt;em&gt;entender&lt;/em&gt; is a bit more superficial understanding as compared with &lt;em&gt;comprender&lt;/em&gt;.  It's better to see with some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para multiplicar dos números, tienes que ... ¿me entiendes?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;—Sí, te entiendo. &lt;sub&gt;(I understand the words that you are saying, that is, I can convert them to English in my head)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para multiplicar dos números, tienes que ... ¿comprendes?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;—Sí, comprendo. &lt;sub&gt;(I understand the concept of multiplying, it all makes sense now, thanks for explaining it!)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi novia me ha dejado... ¿me entiendes?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;—Sí, te entiendo. &lt;sub&gt;(It means you're single, you've been played, you can't afford the apartment now, etc)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi novia me ha dejado... ¿me comprendes?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;—Sí, te comprendo. &lt;sub&gt;(I've been there man, I know what you're going through)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of the reason for this is evident if you look at the other meanings for comprender (from the &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comprender&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Abrazar, ceñir, rodear por todas partes algo.&#xA;  2. &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Contener, incluir en sí algo. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  4. &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Encontrar justificados o naturales los actos o sentimientos de otro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-17T12:46:16.103" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T12:46:16.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10252" CreationDate="2014-11-17T16:02:03.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Buen Fin&quot; is a short form of saying &quot;Buen fin de semana&quot;. But for extra reference, most recently, &quot;Buen Fin&quot; reefers to Mexican Marketer's attempt to create a &quot;Black Friday&quot; equivalent in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5355" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T16:02:03.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="480" CreationDate="2014-11-18T17:14:46.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Nicaragua. Let me explain you. There are two kinds of &lt;code&gt;repochetas&lt;/code&gt;, both of them are made up of fried tortilla (corn tortilla). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that one of them is first fried without folding, when it is fried you put on it crushed red beans on one side of the tortilla, then add cabbage salad mixed with tomatoes slices and vinegar, add sour cream and crushed cheese. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other one is made in this way, put crushed cheese on the tortilla, fold it on the half, as a semicircle, and then fry it. Serve it with cabbage salad mixed with tomatoes and vinegar on the &lt;code&gt;repocheta&lt;/code&gt;, if you want put sour cream and ketchup on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you could understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6974" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-18T17:54:40.873" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T17:54:40.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10265" CreationDate="2014-11-18T17:46:40.160" Score="5" ViewCount="2821" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo estos pares que, por su significado, no pueden estar juntos, pero que por un juego de palabras tienen algún sentido figurado o son humorísticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no puedo recordar (o nunca he sabido) su nombre. He pensado en ironía, paradoja, absurdo, pero sé que tiene que haber una palabra mejor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;urbanismo gitano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pobre rico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inteligencia militar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instante eterno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama este juego de palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:43:12.237" Title="&quot;Instante eterno&quot;, ¿cuál es la figura?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10264" CreationDate="2014-11-18T18:06:33.640" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el término que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;oxímoron&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El oxímoron (del griego ὀξύμωρον, oxymoron, en latín &lt;em&gt;contradictio in terminis&lt;/em&gt;), dentro de las figuras literarias en retórica, es una figura lógica que consiste en usar dos conceptos de significado opuesto en una sola expresión, que genera un tercer concepto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;em&gt;tercer concepto&lt;/em&gt; es metafórico, resultado del &quot;absurdo&quot; o imposible de la unión de los dos opuestos. A veces es humorístico y otras aumenta la fuerza expresiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clamoroso silencio (o silencio ensordecedor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instante eterno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hielo abrasador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Realidad virtual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entran dentro de esta categoría (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.retoricas.com/2009/06/4-ejemplos-de-oximoron.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ver más ejemplos de oxímoron&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que &quot;Inteligencia militar&quot; sea realmente un oxímoron, ni que las dos palabras juntas tengan significados opuestos o humorísticos, aunque le puedes dar esta última connotación, siempre en el contexto de que el ejército no puedo hacer nada bueno o inteligente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El oxímoron no tiene porqué ser sólo dos palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ángeles del infierno &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pequeño gran hombre &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ir a ningún sitio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sí pero no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;secreto a voces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lleno de vacíos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-18T20:19:08.557" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T20:19:08.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2252" CreationDate="2014-11-18T20:37:57.840" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lento pero seguro&lt;/code&gt; conveys a very similar meaning to &lt;code&gt;Slow and steady wins the race.&lt;/code&gt; because it is used to express that slowness is a good thing and gets you to your targets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- estas tardando mucho, ¿no?&#xA;- yo voy lento pero seguro&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is widely accepted and recognized (at least in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6975" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T20:37:57.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10268" CreationDate="2014-11-18T22:01:25.647" Score="2" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se le llama a una invitación cuando es obligatoria?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, mi jefe me envió una invitación a la fiesta de fin de año, pero luego manda un correo donde dice que la asistencia es obligatoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6976" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T08:50:37.387" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T15:04:14.810" Title="Invitacion forzosa" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;oxímoron&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10267" CreationDate="2014-11-18T22:22:48.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diría que no es una invitación, sino una &lt;strong&gt;convocatoria&lt;/strong&gt; dentro de la empresa. La empresa lo puede llamar de esta manera debido a la naturaleza del evento (una cena o una fiesta), pero si es de asistencia obligatoria no es una invitación sino una convocatoria o solicitud para un acto de empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Invitación forzosa&lt;/strong&gt; es en sí mismo casi un &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10265/5481&quot;&gt;oxímoron&lt;/a&gt;, pero la RAE acoge como primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;invitar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llamar a alguien para un convite o para asistir a algún acto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no dice nada acerca de la posibilidad de ignorar la llamada del recipiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como cuando ofreces a otra persona &quot;de voluntario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T15:04:14.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10269" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-18T22:36:15.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Figura poética que consiste en el uso de dos conceptos con significados opuestos, para obtener un tercer significado de sentido metafórico, humorístico de mayor fuerza expresiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clamoroso silencio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir a ningún sitio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instante eterno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secreto a voces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lleno de vacíos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí pero no&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An oxymoron uses two words with opposite meanings to get a third meaning, that is metaphorical, funny or more expressive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T21:33:47.107" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T21:33:47.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10270" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-18T22:36:15.873" Score="0" Body="Figura poética que consiste en el uso de dos conceptos con significados opuestos, para obtener un tercer significado de sentido metafórico, humorístico de mayor fuerza expresiva.&#xD;&#xA;An oxymoron uses two words with opposite meanings to get a third meaning, that is metaphorical, funny or more expressive.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T15:01:32.930" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T15:01:32.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10267" CreationDate="2014-11-19T00:22:55.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile a un llamado que no se puede rechazar le decimos &lt;strong&gt;citación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T00:22:55.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-19T10:08:45.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Barro&lt;/em&gt; really means &lt;em&gt;mud&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Arcilla&lt;/em&gt; is a more precise translation of &lt;em&gt;clay&lt;/em&gt;.  A lot of people don't carefully distinguish between clay and mud, in either language.  This is especially true in casual conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T10:08:45.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10281" CreationDate="2014-11-19T11:13:14.137" Score="1" ViewCount="792" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ask my friends to help to translate my web app to Spanish and when work had done I took one translate and put in on google translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is about GPS track (file with points from GPS logger). &#xA;&quot;Upload a track&quot; was translated as &quot;Descargar la pista&quot;, but google translated &quot;Descargar&quot; as &quot;download&quot; and I found on one forum that GPS tracking is something like &quot; rastrear/localizar/ubicar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, could you please help me with translation of &quot;Upload a track&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6984" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T01:06:20.423" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T01:06:20.423" Title="How to correctly translate &quot;Upload a track&quot; from English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10276" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10279" CreationDate="2014-11-19T12:04:58.000" Score="1" ViewCount="3924" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would sound an invitation to dinner in spanish? For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Would you like to have dinner with me next week?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe there is a specific phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6986" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T21:04:39.877" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T21:04:39.877" Title="How do you write an invitation to dinner in spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10275" CreationDate="2014-11-19T12:10:09.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally technical words are not translated. I would use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cargar un track&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In GPS terminology the meaning of &amp;quot;track&amp;quot; is very different from the current. Maybe you prefer its synonym &amp;quot;trace&amp;quot;. That way you could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cargar un rastro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cargar una huella&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally I do not know if it would be far from the meaning, but you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rastrear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T12:10:09.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10276" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:00:14.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you don't say anything about the context I'll give some options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría invitarte a cenar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te invito a cenar la próxima semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could be seeing this in an informal email, for example. If you want to go more informal (within the context of asking someone out on a date):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te gustaría cenar conmigo la próxima semana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres cenar conmigo la próxima semana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué te parecería cenar conmigo la próxima semana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Querrías cenar conmigo la próxima semana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te propongo cenar un día de la próxima semana / Te propongo una cena la próxima semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If is formal (like if your are inviting a client for a business dinner) you should used the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría invitarle a cenar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le invito a cenar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these ones are usually worded different, since you might be doing the invitation within a certain context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestra empresa tiene el placer de invitarle a cenar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestra empresa tiene el gusto de invitarle a cenar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T13:00:14.760" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10275" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:13:47.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there are easy and intuitive solutions for this translation. &lt;code&gt;Cargar&lt;/code&gt; might be the direct oposite of &lt;code&gt;descargar&lt;/code&gt;. To me it also might have some connotations, like if you were preparing something to be played.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &lt;em&gt;download&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &lt;code&gt;bajar&lt;/code&gt;, as opposed to &lt;code&gt;descargar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;bajas&lt;/strong&gt; la JDK de la página oficial de Oracle y te la instalas donde quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one option could be trying with &lt;code&gt;subir&lt;/code&gt; for upload, as the opposite term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subir track&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One note:&lt;/strong&gt; my Dropbox account, for example, on its web version  uses &lt;code&gt;cargar&lt;/code&gt; (actually &quot;&lt;em&gt;cargando...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) when is uploading the data to be shown (UI components and interface) and uses the term &lt;code&gt;subir&lt;/code&gt; for me to upload content to the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you could also use &lt;code&gt;importar&lt;/code&gt; as instead of &lt;em&gt;uploading&lt;/em&gt; it you were &lt;em&gt;importing&lt;/em&gt; it to the cloud. The problem is that export and import usually have different connotation in these kind of applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T13:44:54.540" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T13:44:54.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10275" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:47:08.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although it is true that not many technical words are translated, I think this is not the case.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Spanish from Spain, &lt;em&gt;track&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pista&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, for audio/video domains but also for other meanings (like &lt;em&gt;walk on a track&lt;/em&gt;), but as &lt;strong&gt;ruta&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;itinerario&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;trayecto&lt;/strong&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;GPS track&lt;/em&gt; meaning.&lt;br&gt;So I'd say  &lt;strong&gt;Subir una ruta&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Cargar una ruta&lt;/strong&gt; if, as it looks like by the context, you had to put that text on a button that for example, uploads a GPS track to a map. The other two words (itinerario or trayecto) are still valid and could be also used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T13:47:08.437" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10286" CreationDate="2014-11-20T09:22:25.270" Score="3" ViewCount="6421" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have a doubt. I was talking with a cousin and I said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces de pronto &lt;strong&gt;vengo&lt;/strong&gt; en enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And he said, isn't it &lt;code&gt;voy&lt;/code&gt; ? I thought about it and I think that both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I wrong? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T14:07:53.960" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T19:37:10.600" Title="Voy vs. Vengo, both correct?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T10:13:21.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are different verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vengo&lt;/em&gt; is for &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;voy&lt;/em&gt; is for &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vengo en enero&lt;/em&gt; sounds better to me like &quot;I'm coming in january&quot; while &quot;I'm going in january&quot; looks to be missing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T11:34:51.787" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T11:34:51.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T14:03:06.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There, you're omitting the subject in your sentence (in this case, I &quot;me&quot; (first person)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces de pronto &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;vengo&lt;/em&gt; en enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you review the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esfacil.eu/es/verbos/conjugacion/112-ir.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugación del verbo (ir)&lt;/a&gt;&quot; the most adequate conjugation of subject &quot;I (yo)&quot; for your sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces de pronto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;voy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T14:10:41.190" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T14:10:41.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T14:05:58.787" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vengo&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;coming from&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ir&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;going somewhere&lt;/strong&gt; or going to do something (including leaving the current place).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have used &lt;code&gt;voy&lt;/code&gt; too in that context. I live in USA now and my family in Spain. A phone conversation would be like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My father: Hijo, vas a &lt;strong&gt;venir&lt;/strong&gt; (aquí) a España por Navidades este año?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me: No. No &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; este año. Esta vez no puedo cogerme vacaciones, papá (No voy a &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I could make it there for Christmas, once there, I could then be saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vengo&lt;/strong&gt; desde USA con regalos para todos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And If I'm talking about leaving a place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; el viernes de vuelta a casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no me suben el sueldo me &lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt; de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I would be already there (in their location). I used &lt;code&gt;vengo&lt;/code&gt; for the meaning of coming (or coming back) from somewhere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vengo&lt;/strong&gt; del trabajo, por eso todavía llevo puesto traje y corbata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vengo&lt;/strong&gt; de ver a los abuelos. Os mandan recuerdos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you could be saying &amp;quot;Entonces de pronto &lt;strong&gt;vengo&lt;/strong&gt; en enero.&amp;quot; Think about this context: You are explaining the situation that got you there, and for some reason you are using &amp;quot;presente histórico&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me entero de que mi madre está muy enferma. Entonces, de pronto, cojo un avión y (me) &lt;strong&gt;vengo&lt;/strong&gt; aquí en enero para cuidarla. Pasan tres semanas y ella empieza a mejorar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I guess that that is not what you where trying to say, since is a very tricky use of the verb tenses, so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vengo&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;Venir&lt;/code&gt; (people come to where you are) for &lt;strong&gt;coming from&lt;/strong&gt;: I come from (there)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voy&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;Ir&lt;/code&gt; (to move to a different place from the starting point) for &lt;strong&gt;going&lt;/strong&gt;:  I'm going (there)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: (&lt;em&gt;kudos&lt;/em&gt; para dockeryz por señalar este uso) parece ser que en algunos países latinoamericanos es aceptable el uso informal de &amp;quot;vengo&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;voy&amp;quot; cuando la acción implica inmediatez (como una forma de extender el &amp;quot;ya vengo&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;ya mismo estoy de vuelta&amp;quot; similar a decir &amp;quot;enseguida estoy allí&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;enseguida estaré allí&amp;quot;). En cierto países latinoamericanos la expresión &amp;quot;me vengo&amp;quot; tiene además connotaciones sexuales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &amp;quot;Me vengo&amp;quot; es &lt;em&gt;slang&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;em&gt;eyacular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T19:37:10.600" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T16:29:06.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest difference for these two terms is to consider them as this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy: is like going, from a current place to another place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo: is like coming, from another place to a current place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;I'm going &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; your house&quot; and &quot;I'm coming &lt;strong&gt;from&lt;/strong&gt; Canada&quot;, would be, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Voy&lt;/strong&gt; a tu casa&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Vengo&lt;/strong&gt; de Canada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T16:29:06.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T16:52:08.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;La preposición utilizada&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It all depends upon the preposition used after the verb.  Although they have different contexts as far as their definition, they still mean relatively the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although, using the wrong verb will sound a bit strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo de &amp;lt;== Coming from&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo a &amp;lt;== Come to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo por &amp;lt;== Coming by ( as in &lt;code&gt;Come by airplane&lt;/code&gt; )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vengo con &amp;lt;== Come with&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ir de &amp;lt;== Go from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir a &amp;lt;== Go to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir por &amp;lt;== Go to/by ( as in .. pass by, or go by... e.g to go by plane, to go by the school )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir con &amp;lt;== Go with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Using your example&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm coming in January&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm going in January&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The verb &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; does have a distinct feature though.. it is reflexive.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voy en enero&lt;/code&gt; is very dry spoken and sounds a bit primitive. Instead, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces de pronto me voy en enero &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T17:08:42.870" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T17:08:42.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T17:44:39.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You couldn't use &quot;Vengo en Enero&quot; if you are referring to going to USA from Spain for example, while you are in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Voy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, because &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Vengo de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; means &lt;strong&gt;coming from&lt;/strong&gt; somewhere (while already here) and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Voy a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; means &lt;strong&gt;going to&lt;/strong&gt; somewhere (while being here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6995" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T17:44:39.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T18:27:07.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's (at least) one situation in which using &quot;Entonces de pronto vengo en Enero&quot; is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you're physically with your cousin at the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you will be elsewhere before January&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you will get back to the place you are with your cousin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, &quot;voy&quot; is incorrect, because you'd be coming back. The equivalent in English would be &quot;So, I might come visit you (again) in January.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common usage of the phrase: when you're going out, you might say to your wife &quot;Vengo a las 8&quot;, and it would have the same meaning as &quot;Vuelvo a las 8&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in general, if you can substitute &quot;Vuelvo&quot; in place of &quot;Vengo&quot;, the sentence would be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastEditorUserId="2757" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T19:14:53.597" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T19:14:53.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-20T18:47:04.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy means that I am going somewhere.&#xA;Vengo means that I am coming here.&#xA;I am going to New York in june (you are in Japan)&#xA;Voy a Nueva York en junio (you are in Japan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am coming to New York in june (you are in New York but planning to come back)&#xA;Vengo a Nueva York en junio (you are in New York but planning to come back)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6996" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T18:47:04.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10181" CreationDate="2014-11-20T22:47:20.560" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://costarica.com/travel/slang-idioms/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this reference&lt;/a&gt; it is slang for &lt;strong&gt;dude&lt;/strong&gt; or just to refer to somebody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mae can be used to mean &quot;dude&quot; between friends, or simply to refer to any man or woman (&quot;ese mae te está llamando&quot; = &quot;that guy is calling you&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=mae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mae&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is actually pronounced like the English word &quot;my&quot; (although the official language is Spanish, many Costa-Rican are bilingual, so I guess that there is a lot of &quot;Spanglish&quot; spoken there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the reference there are many other Costa-Rican slang terms that you might find interesting or useful when talking to your girlfriend's family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that it is not exclusive to Costa Rica, since there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/150/5481&quot;&gt;another question&lt;/a&gt; wondering about the usage of &lt;code&gt;mae&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;maje&lt;/code&gt; in Nicaragua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T18:05:14.203" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T18:05:14.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10295" CreationDate="2014-11-21T00:30:59.443" Score="2" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to news in slow Spanish today and came across the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Obama dijo que le había dado más de un año al Congreso para que&#xA;  actuara y nada había ocurrido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I understand what the sentence means in essence, I am confused about the part after &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt;. Shouldn't it take an infinitive (&lt;strong&gt;actuar&lt;/strong&gt;) since &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; translates as &quot;in order to&quot; in this context? In fact, I don't even know what actuara means exactly since I couldn't find it in any dictionary. I am only guessing it to have something to do with &lt;strong&gt;actuar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, does the &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; before &lt;strong&gt;había&lt;/strong&gt; serve any particular purpose here? Would the sentence be incorrect without it since both the objects are already given explicitly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T13:25:26.147" Title="Target word for &quot;para que&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7122" CreationDate="2014-11-21T02:00:22.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;María, llena eres de Gracia&lt;/em&gt; is not translated &lt;em&gt;Mary, full of Grace.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; means off course &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;you are&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you translate &lt;em&gt;Mary, full of Grace&lt;/em&gt; to spanish then you'll have &lt;em&gt;María, llena de Gracia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the real purpose of &lt;em&gt;eres&lt;/em&gt; is because it is a prayer, a phrase you are ACTUALLY saying to her, as you were &lt;strong&gt;talking to someone in front of you&lt;/strong&gt;. The correct way that prayer would be translated to english is &lt;em&gt;Mary, you are full of Grace&lt;/em&gt; (talking to her), because if you say &lt;em&gt;Mary, full of Grace&lt;/em&gt; it could be understood &lt;strong&gt;as you are referring to a third person not a second&lt;/strong&gt; as the real purpose of that phrase is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T13:39:36.593" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T13:39:36.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10293" CreationDate="2014-11-21T02:02:37.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a couple of questions here.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First with &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;.  Once you hit the &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, you have initiated a new clause and need a freshly conjugated verb.  If you take out the que, then by virtue of having a verb after a preposition, an infinitive is the only option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiaba para sacar notas buenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiaba para &lt;em&gt;que me diese&lt;/em&gt; mi profesor buenas notas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can eschew the clausal form if the subject of the verb (that comes after the preposition, &lt;em&gt;sacar&lt;/em&gt; in the previous example) is the same as the subject of the main clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiaba&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(yo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; para sacar&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(yo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; buenas notas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiaba&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(yo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; para que me diese&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(él)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; mi profesor buenas notas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your sentence, you can see there is a difference of subject, which normally causes the clausal form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obama dijo que le había&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Obama)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; dado más de un año al Congreso para que actuara&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(el Congreso)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is completely optional since the indirect object is explicitly stated (it's only obligatory if an explicitly stated indirect object is a personal pronoun like &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pluperfect &lt;em&gt;había dado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;había ocurrido&lt;/em&gt; is necessary because the year he gave happened prior to when he made the statement.  After &lt;em&gt;dijo que&lt;/em&gt;, the only verb forms generally allowed are pluperfect or antepreterite (happened before he said something), imperfect (happened simultaneously with when he said something), imperfect &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; or conditional (happened after he said something or is to happen).  In more colloquial Spanish, present tense or even future is allowable if it is current with the moment in which the reporting of what he said happens (confused yet?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T13:25:26.147" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T13:25:26.147" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-21T02:18:30.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este alfabeto está hecho para el latín, por eso hay que forzar las letras en otros idiomas donde a e  i o u no alcanzan. &lt;strong&gt;ESTA ES LA RAZÓN: Porque el español no se apartó mucho del latín original PARA EL CUAL ESTÁ HECHO EL ABC Dario.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the ABCD is the latin alphabet, and Spanish is so much similar to latin. But because in some part of history almost every western language was represented by ABCD letters, they had to make mixes that sounded barely similar in some cases, in Spanish there were only few adaptations at difference from English for example that has so many adaptations to be able to work with the Latin writting system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="7000" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T08:15:00.650" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T08:15:00.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10014" CreationDate="2014-11-21T03:23:24.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un misterio envuelto en enigma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (without &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;) sounds more proficient, unless you need to mean a sole enigma, (only one in number).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T03:23:24.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2014-11-21T04:28:21.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrégleselas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arréglatelas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arreglárselas con...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lidiar con...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coloquial del centro de Colombia:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...Usted verá qué hará con eso...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Muy coloquial:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...Eso sí... usté' verá...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-(Ver qué hacer con...) coloq.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-(Mirar qué hacer con...) coloq.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="7000" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T04:36:11.760" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T04:36:11.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8576" CreationDate="2014-11-21T05:18:48.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia we use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; but only when learning Spanish grammar in elementary, however we don't use it outside the notebook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="7000" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T08:34:13.190" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T08:34:13.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2014-11-21T07:42:32.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia use &lt;em&gt;tobogán&lt;/em&gt; for a big slide specially if it is like a tube and has curves (wet or dry). And &lt;em&gt;rodadero&lt;/em&gt; referring to a children's playground slide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-30T00:04:45.813" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T00:04:45.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10308" CreationDate="2014-11-21T14:56:52.583" Score="2" ViewCount="764" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chapter 3 of the book &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jw.org/download/?output=html&amp;amp;pub=lr&amp;amp;fileformat=EPUB%2CPDF%2CBRL%2CRTF%2CMOBI&amp;amp;alllangs=0&amp;amp;langwritten=S&amp;amp;txtCMSLang=E&amp;amp;isBible=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aprendamos del Gran Maestro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; I came across this sentence fragment: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Dios es el Creador de todo: el hizo los cielos y la Tierra, ...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;earth&quot; (&quot;Tierra&quot;) capitalized whereas &quot;the heavens&quot; are lowercase (&quot;cielos&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'm even more confurious (simultaneously confused and curious), because I read later in that same chapter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Biblia explica: &quot;Dios creo los cielos y la tierra&quot; (Genesis 1:1)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T15:14:06.857" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:11:28.967" Title="Why is &quot;Tierra&quot; capitalized but &quot;cielos&quot; is not?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10306" CreationDate="2014-11-21T15:08:38.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you would be capitalizing it if it was singular, because then you would be referring to &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; Cielo, as the specific (and unique of its kind) place where souls go, because you would be referring to the place by its name (proper noun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;cielos&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; in plural there has the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;seas&lt;/em&gt;, it means &amp;quot;all of them&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;the many of them&amp;quot;, but obviously there is only one Earth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creó los cielos, los mares y la Tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las almas van al Cielo, al Purgatorio o al Infierno. Las almas van al Paraíso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same difference as when you refer to the Sun as a star. You capitalize it because the name of the sun is &amp;quot;Sun&amp;quot;. You would be seeing it capitalize or not in different context (only when you refer to the Sun as a star).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomorrow the &lt;strong&gt;sun&lt;/strong&gt; will shine. Careful with &lt;strong&gt;sun&lt;/strong&gt;, wear lotion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Sun&lt;/strong&gt; is the largest object of the Solar system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same with &amp;quot;Tierra&amp;quot; (depends on if you are referring to it a planet or as land). Or even, more appropriate, the difference between &amp;quot;god&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;God&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;God is the god of Christianity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T15:54:11.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10306" CreationDate="2014-11-21T19:11:28.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In cases like this, sometimes it seems that certain words refer to things more important than others, but is explained by the simple use of capital letters in proper nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alá es el dios de los musulmanes y &lt;strong&gt;Dios&lt;/strong&gt; es el &lt;strong&gt;dios&lt;/strong&gt; de los cristianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lowercase &lt;em&gt;dios&lt;/em&gt; refers to some powerful spiritual being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uppercase &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt; refers to the name given to that spirit in our culture and language, the same way that your name is &lt;em&gt;Clay&lt;/em&gt; with a capital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tierra&lt;/strong&gt; is the name of our planet, the same way that &lt;em&gt;Venus&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish, lowercase &lt;em&gt;tierra&lt;/em&gt; means land, ground, soil and sometimes dust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los cielos&lt;/strong&gt; is an ancient and poetic way of referring to heaven. Churches give a historical and religious explanation for this plural use of the word, explaining that refers to several entities (states, times, places?). The Jewish tradition recognizes seven heavens, each with its name capitalized of course. Therefore orthographically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión surcó los &lt;strong&gt;cielos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nombre del primer &lt;strong&gt;cielo&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;Shamayim&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:11:28.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10312" CreationDate="2014-11-21T20:41:43.860" Score="0" ViewCount="489" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;inconsciente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; está bien escrita con la combinación &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sc&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (gracias al corrector ortográfico de LibreOffice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también sé que la palabra principal de la familia es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;conciencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, sin la &quot;s&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna regla al respecto?, ¿existe la &quot;consciencia&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T13:04:47.437" Title="s y c en &quot;inconsciente&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10309" CreationDate="2014-11-22T02:36:35.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://reglasespanol.about.com/od/palabras-dudosa-ortografia/a/Conciencia-Consciencia-Conciente-Consciente.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://reglasespanol.about.com/od/palabras-dudosa-ortografia/a/Conciencia-Consciencia-Conciente-Consciente.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are two different words with different meanings. I didn't know and I'm native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conciencia significa el sentido moral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le remordía la conciencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consciencia significa tener presente la realidad o tener presente un conocimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba consciente de su situación en la milicia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuperó la consciencia después de estar tres meses en estado de coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T03:07:36.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2877" CreationDate="2014-11-22T03:03:11.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Too long, it's just an idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Seas bienvenido una vez más&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7000" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T03:03:11.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10309" CreationDate="2014-11-22T10:30:55.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the meanings of &lt;em&gt;conciencia&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;consciencia&lt;/em&gt; are the same. Nevertheless, they come from the same latin word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conciencia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. conscientĭa, y este calco del gr. συνείδησις).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Propiedad del espíritu humano de reconocerse en sus atributos esenciales y en todas las modificaciones que en sí mismo experimenta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conocimiento interior del bien y del mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conocimiento reflexivo de las cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Actividad mental a la que solo puede tener acceso el propio sujeto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Psicol. Acto psíquico por el que un sujeto se percibe a sí mismo en el mundo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consciencia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. conscientĭa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. conciencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conocimiento inmediato que el sujeto tiene de sí mismo, de sus actos y reflexiones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Capacidad de los seres humanos de verse y reconocerse a sí mismos y de juzgar sobre esa visión y reconocimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker, I will use more often &lt;em&gt;conciencia&lt;/em&gt; for any of its meanings (especially when talking about the knowledge of what is good and evil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Asesino! ¡No tienes conciencia!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;consciencia&lt;/em&gt; mostly for the exact meaning of knowledge of own existence (for which I disagree with the arcaic and anthropocentric definition that gives as granted that no more animals have self-awareness) and at any place where I could use (with different grammar) the word &lt;em&gt;consciente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Soy consciente (tengo consciencia) de tu precaria situación, pero no puedo hacer nada.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that &lt;em&gt;conciente&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;inconciente&lt;/em&gt; do not exist, and the presence or absence of that s is only in the word &lt;em&gt;con(s)ciencia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-22T13:04:47.437" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T13:04:47.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2014-11-22T16:12:08.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; no hay una palabra para el coqueteo recíproco. Los mayores de 40 todavía decimos &quot;pinchar&quot;, &quot;ellos están pinchando&quot;, pero el uso está desprestigiado por anticuado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando una persona le coquetea a otra, la está &quot;joteando&quot; (los jotes son los buitres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T16:12:08.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10315" CreationDate="2014-11-22T16:32:55.783" Score="5" ViewCount="1190" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both wrist and toy are &quot;muñeca&quot; in Spanish. Is there a connection, or just a coincidence that they are both the same? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T20:19:39.423" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T20:19:39.423" Title="Is a &quot;wrist&quot; a &quot;toy&quot; (muñeca)?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10314" CreationDate="2014-11-22T17:19:17.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that the word &lt;code&gt;muñeca&lt;/code&gt; means not only &amp;quot;toy&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;wrist&amp;quot; but also defines a small mountain or a cloth rag. From &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=mu%F1eca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parte del cuerpo humano en donde se articula la mano con el antebrazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Figura de mujer que sirve de juguete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pieza pequeña de trapo que, atada con un hilo por las puntas, encierra algún ingrediente o una sustancia medicinal que no se debe mezclar con el líquido en que se cuece o empapa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hito (mojón).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to a handful of references I checked, the etymology of the word, to get to the meaning of &amp;quot;toy&amp;quot; in uncertain. This is just &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mu%C3%B1eca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;one example:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimología: incierta, indudablemente de origen no romance y emparentada con moño y muñón, quizás asimilable a la raíz del euskera muño, &amp;quot;monte&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other references say that clearly the word comes from latin, and it designated the protuberance in the land, from there it came to designate the &amp;quot;protuberance&amp;quot; in the body (joining hand and arm). Possibly from there came to designate a protuberance on a piece of cloth or rag when you are using it to filter something and from there to designate the piece of cloth that would make a toy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Other references&lt;/a&gt; say that the use of the word as a toy comes form around 1400, but they also mention the similarity of the word with &amp;quot;monnula&amp;quot;, a latin word that mean &amp;quot;friend&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;companion&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T14:14:20.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10314" CreationDate="2014-11-22T20:12:42.563" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Homonyms&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; are words that are both spelled and pronounced the same, but have different meanings. &quot;Muñeca&quot; is a word that have multiple meanings in the Spanish language, just like the word &quot;ball&quot; in English.  In Spanish, you also have to be aware of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;homophones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (word that sound the same, although spelled out differently).  For example, the words &quot;hecho&quot; and &quot;echo&quot; (the letter 'h' in Spanish is silent unless preceded by a 'c').  The former (hecho) means &quot;create&quot; or &quot;make&quot;, whereas the latter (echo) means &quot;deposit&quot;, &quot;put in&quot; or &quot;throw in&quot; as in putting trash in a thrash bin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T20:12:42.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2343" CreationDate="2014-11-22T20:26:44.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que hace difícil explicar regionalismos de la lengua Española es la expansión territorial del lenguaje a través del mundo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi experiencia viajando a varios países alrededor del mundo y haber interactuado con personas de mucho países de habla hispana, lo mejor es tratar de aprender las palabras de uso común de la lengua Española. En este caso, la palabra &quot;coquetear&quot; es quizás la más común sinónimo de &quot;flirtear&quot;.  Evitar malos entendidos es lo mejor que uno puede hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T21:14:40.567" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T21:14:40.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2014-11-22T20:34:12.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tobogán&quot; is officially in the Spanish dictionary with that meaning. However, I am not sure if it is commonly used in Spanish-speaking languages.  For example, in Puerto Rico (where I am from) we used the word &quot;chorrera&quot; which doesn't mean &quot;slide&quot; at all. But that is the word commonly accepted in that region.  I know in Spain, Mexico, and a few other Latin American countries they used this word correctly.  I also know that the overwhelming majority of Spanish-speaking people will understand if you use the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;resbaladilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;resbaladero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;; even in Puerto Rico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T20:34:12.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10314" CreationDate="2014-11-22T21:39:37.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muñeca del brazo (&quot;wrist&quot;):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dijo Diego en su post, deriva de &quot;muño&quot; palabra previa a la influencia latina en la península ibérica y que se relaciona con &quot;bulto&quot;, y de ahí con &quot;colina&quot;. De hecho, el frecuente apellido vasco-ibérico &quot;Muñoz&quot;, es un toponímico de &lt;em&gt;los que viven en la colina&lt;/em&gt;. La terminación -eca probablemente deriva de un sufijo diminutivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta hace poco &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt; era sólo el hueso saliente de la parte posterior de la unión entre la mano y el brazo (ese &quot;montecito&quot;), pero por sinécdoque pasó a referirse a la articulación completa, reemplazando al cultismo &quot;carpo&quot;. La palabra &quot;muñón&quot; deriva de muñeca. La palabra &quot;moño&quot; (&lt;em&gt;nudo de pelo&lt;/em&gt;) tiene origen itálico, no confundirla con el &quot;moño&quot; ibérico (&lt;em&gt;colina&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muñeca juguete (&quot;doll&quot;)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su origen es incierto y de hecho para el etimólogo Joan Corominas (que es como un héroe de los que estudian la historia del español), es una simple derivación del mismo &quot;bulto&quot; ibérico anterior. Sería un truncamiento de &quot;muñeca de trapo&quot; (o sea, &quot;bultito de trapo&quot;), del que se quitó la parte &quot;de trapo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay una teoría distinta, atribuida a Roque Barcia, que dice que la muñeca &lt;em&gt;juguete&lt;/em&gt; deriva de &quot;mona&quot;, ya sea desde el árabe &quot;maymún&quot; (el animal gracioso de cola larga), o desde el latín &quot;monnula&quot; (amiguita), o desde ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ambas palabras derivan de &quot;muño&quot;, estamos ante un caso de &lt;strong&gt;polisemia&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, de significados ligeramente distintos de una misma palabra que ha ido evolucionando hacia usos distintos. Si, en cambio, derivan de palabras distintas (&quot;muño&quot; y &quot;mona&quot;), estamos ante un caso de &lt;strong&gt;homonimia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T13:39:01.373" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T13:39:01.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2014-11-22T22:16:10.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile, a &lt;strong&gt;tobogán&lt;/strong&gt; is big, probably you have to pay to use it, while a &lt;strong&gt;resbalín&lt;/strong&gt; (also &lt;em&gt;resfalín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;refalín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rascapoto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;raspapoto&lt;/em&gt;) is small, probably find it in a public place or in the backyard of a kindergarten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T22:16:10.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2014-11-23T16:29:24.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los dos &amp;quot;saberes&amp;quot; (el del gusto y el de la sabiduría) tienen un pasado en común. El &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot; original es el del gusto. Derivó al segundo significado por una metáfora en latín que también aparece en otros idiomas. La palabra latina &amp;quot;sapere&amp;quot; parece provenir de la antiquísima raíz proto-indoeuropea *sap- (&amp;quot;tantear&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sapere&amp;quot; originalmente se refería a &amp;quot;percibir&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;oler&amp;quot;, tal como en expresiones españolas del tipo &amp;quot;esto me huele a trampa&amp;quot;. Pero su uso principal en latín vulgar era el que quedó en las palabras españolas &amp;quot;sabor&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sabroso&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;saborear&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;insípido&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;resabio&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;desabrido&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;sinsabores&amp;quot;, vale decir, relativo al sentido del gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por una metáfora conceptual extraña pero al parecer frecuente, el &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot; de &lt;em&gt;sentir el gusto&lt;/em&gt; se usó para referirse a asuntos más espirituales, del mismo modo que nosotros usamos los sentidos del sistema nervioso en expresiones como &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;esta diseñadora tiene muy buen &lt;strong&gt;gusto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;me &lt;strong&gt;gustó&lt;/strong&gt; mucho tu libro&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ellos se &lt;strong&gt;gustan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;díselo con &lt;strong&gt;tacto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;es un &lt;strong&gt;visionario&lt;/strong&gt; de los negocios&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces el &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot; paso a tener primero una connotación y después un significado relacionados con la capacidad intelectual de percepción, algo parecido al &amp;quot;sentido común&amp;quot;. De aquí vienen la otra familia de palabras españolas: &amp;quot;sabiduría&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sabio&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sabiondo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;saberes&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sabelotodo&amp;quot;. Además, por supuesto, está nuestra querida especie: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Homo sapiens&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un último asunto: ambos verbos se conjugan de igual forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú sabes leer muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú sabes a menta. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé hablar en alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé a sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T21:36:23.453" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10324" CreationDate="2014-11-23T16:54:59.803" Score="5" ViewCount="1059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of the following two options is the correct beginning of sentence in Spanish?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;30 años después...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;30 Años después...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-23T17:12:01.633" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T04:09:24.500" Title="What is the correct capitalization of sentences that start with numbers in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10181" CreationDate="2014-11-23T17:07:08.493" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Costa Rican myself, I can tell you that it actually isn't pronounced as &quot;my&quot;, it's similar, but you are missing the last &quot;e&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mae&lt;/em&gt; is used in all kinds of situations it can express anger:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mae, qué mierda.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Shit, dude.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that Costa Ricans can say that expression without actually talking to someone else, the &lt;em&gt;mae&lt;/em&gt; simply makes the statement more powerful, it's hard to explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence you presented, this guy is simply referring to you as &quot;dude&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dude, what a nice or good massage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have known a lot of people from other Spanish-speaking countries, and none of them used &lt;em&gt;mae&lt;/em&gt;, most of them had actually never heard of it. Even in Central America you are going to find pretty big differences in the way Spanish is spoken between neighboring countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7017" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T02:35:07.443" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T02:35:07.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10322" CreationDate="2014-11-23T17:11:48.037" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, note that in Spanish, as in English, is recommended not to start a sentence with a number (This is because digits are just a quantity but the word is the actual name of the number). The easiest way of following this rule would be writing the number with letters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Treinta años después...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or try to write the sentence in a different way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unos 30 años después...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de 30 años...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus said, you would not need to capitalize the word following the number since is not the beginning of the sentence (of course there are other rules that you'll have to abide: capitalize it if it is a proper name, etc.). So the answer, if you were forced to start your sentence with a number (for example in a short line similar to your example in a slide for a presentation or the like), would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;30 años después...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you have some slides for a presentation in which you are describing some achievements or fact of your company:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;20 años de experiencia en el sector&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;500 puestos de trabajo creados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T19:26:13.337" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10258" CreationDate="2014-11-23T17:40:21.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My translation follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comprender = to comprehend&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entender = to understand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T17:40:21.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10258" CreationDate="2014-11-23T17:48:42.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chilean Spanish there is a difference of formality. In colloquial use always use &quot;entender&quot;. In formal situations (dissertations, written texts, journalism ...) can be used both, but &quot;comprender&quot; is more marked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T17:48:42.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2014-11-23T20:04:47.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saber (al gusto) es un verbo intransitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saber (aprendizaje) es un verbo transitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T20:04:47.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10329" CreationDate="2014-11-23T21:11:15.973" Score="23" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recent &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/26/world/europe/26spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repeals of long-standing orthographic rules&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish have gotten me curious.  I know of the latest revision, dated 2010.  I know of the 1999 revision.  I have seen references to a 1959 set of revisions.  What about earlier revisions to the orthographic rules?  Where would I find out about them, and the changes they made?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/26/world/europe/26spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recientes derogaciones de reglas ortográficas largamente presentes en español&lt;/a&gt; me han producido curiosidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conozco las revisiones de 2010, las últimas. También las de 1999. Vi referencias a las de 1959. ¿Qué hay de las anteriores revisiones a las reglas ortográficas? ¿Dónde puedo encontrarlas, así como los cambios que introdujeron?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T15:40:40.727" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T07:50:40.553" Title="Revisions of Spanish orthography / ¿Qué revisiones ha tenido la ortografía española?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10328" CreationDate="2014-11-23T22:31:10.533" Score="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the first bit is knowing what the different editions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1741&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Ortografia_RAE_1741_reducida.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initial alphabet of 24 letters &lt;sub&gt;(ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ)&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;U and V considered variations of the same letter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;J called &lt;em&gt;i jota&lt;/em&gt;, Z called &lt;em&gt;zeta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;zeda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ç rejected as a letter, to be replaced by &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;W called &lt;em&gt;walima&lt;/em&gt; rejected as a letter, foreign words with it to be pronounced as &lt;em&gt;vv&lt;/em&gt; as vowel-consonant (that is, &lt;em&gt;uv&lt;/em&gt; /ub/)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Began use of &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; for /ks/ &lt;sub&gt;(but rejected /gs/)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rejection of the spelling &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; for /l/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rejection of double consonants (except for &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;cc&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;mm&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; when pronounced as such)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Absolute distinction of &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; /ɾ/ and &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; /r/, except for word-final (always &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; /r/)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Circumflex on vowel after &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; /ks/ or &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;reflexîona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chârácter&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; except when etymology dictates otherwise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;qu[aou]&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;qü[ei]&lt;/em&gt; is /ku̮/ &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;qu[ei]&lt;/em&gt; is /k/)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; when etymologically sensible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rejection of apostrophe for synalepha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description of Spanish numbers &lt;sub&gt;(as opposed to Roman or Arabic, seriously, these are mega awesome cool, look on pages 86-87, or pages 110-111 in the PDF)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initial accent rules:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No accents on monosyllabic words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accents always on words stressed on the antepenultimate syllable (&lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;O&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; stress penultimate.  Accent otherwise.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Exception: words ending in &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt; follow this rule when they are third-person plural forms of verbs&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Exception: Don't remove accents when pronouns added to verbs&#xA;Exception: Don't remove accents when making adverbs&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;U&lt;/em&gt; stress ultimate.  Accent otherwise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; stress ultimate.  No exceptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in consonants stress ultimate.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Exception: Surnames &lt;em&gt;-az&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt; stress penultimate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preposition &lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt; and conjunctions &lt;em&gt;é&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/em&gt; always accented.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comma has a space before it &lt;sub&gt;(not specified, but shown)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NB: There's a cool listing of handwriting and letter formation at the end on PDF pages 383-395 worth checking out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1754&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://bivaldi.gva.es/es/consulta/registro.cmd?id=6648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduction of &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¡&lt;/em&gt; punctuation marks &lt;sub&gt;(just to disambiguate, not required)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added letters CH &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt;, LL &lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt;, and Ñ &lt;em&gt;eñe&lt;/em&gt; to the alphabet &lt;sub&gt;(“oops we left them out before”, they said)&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;J also called &lt;em&gt;jota&lt;/em&gt;, U deemed &lt;em&gt;u vocal&lt;/em&gt;, V called &lt;em&gt;v consonante&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(U/V still considered one letter with two forms, though)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Removed the “erudite” spellings &lt;sub&gt;(their words in the 1803 intro, not mine)&lt;/sub&gt;, mainly &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ and &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt; but not completely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplification of &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; after &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and at beginning of words.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the handful of &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ words left, circumflex no longer needed on following vowel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;K is now explicitly for foreign words only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qua&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;qüe&lt;/em&gt; pronounce u, all others silent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accent rule modifications:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of accents on monosyllabic words that may not by diphthongized &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;dé, sé, etc.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accents also on preantepenultimate syllables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presumption of penultimate stress — only mark ultimate stress&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Exception: Words ending in DLNRXZ stress ultimate, except foreign words and names ending in -EZ&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Exception: The rules for S became a giant clusterf***&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1763&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=Wns--sK0UrgC&amp;amp;dq=1763%20Ortograf%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20lengua%20castellana&amp;amp;pg=PP17#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplification of accent rules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplification of &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ſs&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ſſ&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ß&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; is only &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and doesn't alternate with &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only Hebrew/Greek names to use &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standardization for spelling of toponyms and surnames.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cultismos with &lt;em&gt;hie-&lt;/em&gt; become -ge-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduced rules for Latin &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; to Spanish *h conversion&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; always if &lt;em&gt;-ue-&lt;/em&gt; comes next, or a vowel comes next, and especially between two vowels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; if it's been reduced to a &amp;quot;mayor suavidad&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hie&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ye&lt;/em&gt; depending on whether pronunciation has a semivowel or semiconsonant (see next rule)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; normally for semivowel, &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; as semiconsonant, etymology be damned &lt;sub&gt;(no unstressed i betwixt vowels)&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exception: use &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; for rising diphthongs except for &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; conjugations and &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exception: use &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; when capitalized&lt;sub&gt; (Probably to avoid confusion with lowercase &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/χe/ and /χi/ written &lt;em&gt;ge&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;gi&lt;/em&gt; except for certain names and when &lt;em&gt;-jo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-ja&lt;/em&gt; get suffixes attached&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Established rules on the use of &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Omit &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; if not pronunciation, but&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1770&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=HWgVAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA173#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The preferred spelling of /χ/ is &lt;em&gt;ja, ge, gi, jo, ju&lt;/em&gt;, unless there's an etymologic or overwhelming popular use to the contrary (Latin &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; becomes &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;, for instance)&lt;/sub&gt; and word finally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;in-/en-&lt;/em&gt; prefix on &lt;em&gt;m-&lt;/em&gt; words no longer becomes doubled &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;-mp-&lt;/em&gt; changed to &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; to match pronunciation (&lt;em&gt;redempción&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;redención&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First time &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; (“de corazón”) are considered separately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accent rules modified:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No accents on monosyllables, except for when two different ones vary by their separation to other words (te vs té), or for single vowel words (but not &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next-to-last syllable stressed when ending in vowel absent an accent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accent next-to-last syllable if it was a verb form with pronouns added&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consonant + two vowels treated as two syllables unless accent on the second vowel (&lt;em&gt;frio&lt;/em&gt; /fri.o/ vs. frió /frjo/)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accent all words 3+ syllables that end in &lt;em&gt;ee, ia, ie, ua, ue, uo&lt;/em&gt; depending on where stress falls, no accent means they are diphthongs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presume that words ending in &lt;em&gt;ae, ao, au, ea, eo, oa, oe, oo&lt;/em&gt; stress the first vowel, accent otherwise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words ending in &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; with final stress need no accents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All consonants stress final syllable, but still write accent for &lt;em&gt;-ás/-és/-ís&lt;/em&gt; in verbs (because you don't adjust accents for plural, so &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; normally is penultimate)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt; patronym still counts for penultimate syllable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use ... or ::: for clipped text.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1775&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1779&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=hZeol5B90wYC&amp;amp;pg=PA38#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Some of these changes may have occurred in the 1775 edition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quo /ko/ and &lt;em&gt;qüo&lt;/em&gt; /kwo/ now distinguished, but more often written with &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ words rewritten as &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; leaving just the most jarring ones (Biblical, mainly).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;fi-&lt;/em&gt; that changed variably to &lt;em&gt;hi-&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;y-&lt;/em&gt; is now always &lt;em&gt;hi-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1792&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=Hl7RaABmvOEC&amp;amp;dq=1792%20ortograf%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20lengua&amp;amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No significant changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1803-1806&lt;/strong&gt; (Diccionario de Autoridades y por conferencias)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of CH &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt; /tʃ/ and LL &lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt; /ʎ/ to the dictionary for sorting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complete simplification of &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ to &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complete removal of &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt; (always &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conversion of &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conversion of &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; /χ/ to &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Respelling based on actual pronunciation especially for now-silent letters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Distinction of &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; as consonant, &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; as vowel (“with exceptions” according to the 1820 prologue, see 1815)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1815&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=0A8lKPhEpXIC&amp;amp;lpg=PR10&amp;amp;ots=1ZikQvEq5N&amp;amp;dq=Ortograf%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20lengua%20castellana%201763&amp;amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirms and codifies the changes made in the DdA and the conferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;J called exclusively &lt;em&gt;jota&lt;/em&gt;, Z only &lt;em&gt;zeda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I now called &lt;em&gt;i vocal&lt;/em&gt; and Y is &lt;em&gt;y consonante&lt;/em&gt; (matching U/V)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The only time &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; is used as vowel is when words end in a diphthong or for the conjunction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words like &lt;em&gt;iglesia&lt;/em&gt; when capitalized no longer change &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirms and codifies the changes made in the DdA and the conferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of accent to break diphthong established (no longer assumed ever except for two-syllable words consisting of a single consonant and two vowels, in which case you accent the second vowel if it's monosyllabic and the first is a weak vowel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inverted question and exclamation marks now standard, but in series of questions, only one inverted before the first question, and a closing one for each question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Two styles of enclosing marks, () and []&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Splitting hyphen recognized as both - and =&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1820&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com/books?id=UicSAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=Ortograf%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20lengua%20castellana%201820&amp;amp;pg=PP9#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1870&lt;/strong&gt; Prontuario de ortografía de la lengua castellana en preguntas y respuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duplication of &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; in the interior of compound or prefixed words.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1952&lt;/strong&gt; Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortografía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1969&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1974&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1999&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alphabetic sorting of the letters &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; to be considered two separate letters rather than one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2010&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Written accents to be used exclusively for phonetics and not semantics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; removed from the alphabet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Single name for letters (B &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt;, I &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, V &lt;em&gt;uve&lt;/em&gt;, W &lt;em&gt;uve doble&lt;/em&gt;, Y &lt;em&gt;ye&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2012&lt;/strong&gt; Ortografía básica de la lengua española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest changes is evident from the spelling of the first to second editions — the &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt; digraphs were reduced to &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.  There were some other modifications made on accents on words (&lt;em&gt;ia&lt;/em&gt; used to always be with hiatus similar to modern Portuguese), a bit with &lt;em&gt;b/v&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-09-08T07:50:40.553" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T07:50:40.553" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10331" CreationDate="2014-11-23T23:22:14.103" Score="4" ViewCount="9191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así como he escuchado &lt;em&gt;veraniego&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;primaveral&lt;/em&gt;, ¿existen similares para otoño e invierno? El último me resulta más importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7018" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T15:00:20.950" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T15:00:20.950" Title="¿Adjetivo para el invierno?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10330" CreationDate="2014-11-23T23:28:47.867" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Otoñal&lt;/strong&gt; e &lt;strong&gt;invernal&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Para el verano también se usa &lt;strong&gt;estival&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición&lt;/strong&gt;: Encontré estos cultismos (palabras apegadas al origen etimológico, en este caso al latín):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el verano: estial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la primavera : vernal (qué curioso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el invierno: hibernal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son palabras del español que se pueden encontrar en escritos antiguos, están en desuso. Pero &quot;hibernal&quot; todavía existe en la terminología de los ecólogos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T19:59:10.947" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T19:59:10.947" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10330" CreationDate="2014-11-23T23:28:49.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La excepción es el verano, para el resto es &lt;em&gt;+al&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otoñal, invernal y primaveral, inclusive estival de estío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T23:28:49.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10146" CreationDate="2014-11-24T22:40:03.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Mexico, I know &lt;code&gt;clay&lt;/code&gt; can mean 'arcilla' so I guess it's because people speak different in different parts of the country, that might explain why they don't know (or don't find it common) the word 'arcilla'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7023" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-25T01:55:47.703" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T01:55:47.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10339" CreationDate="2014-11-24T23:08:20.687" Score="3" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this phrase in another SE question here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1891/whats-the-meaning-of-the-mexican-expression-se-te-va-el-avi%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;What's the meaning of the Mexican expression “se te va el avión”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I understand the idiomatic reference the phrase makes, I don't understand the grammar used. Literal meaning being &quot;&lt;em&gt;the flight/plane leaves you&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; shouldn't we be using &lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;? Also, what's the purpose of using two objects here? Shouldn't &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; alone be sufficient since it's already implied that it's the plane that's leaving?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T14:38:30.443" Title="Purpose of direct and indirect objects in &quot;se te va el avión&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10336" CreationDate="2014-11-24T23:23:00.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; has many functions and is unlikely to learn them. Native speakers simply use it without conscience, nobody knows what it means. Usually gets a pronoun instead of the third person, with sintactic function of object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presté un libro &lt;strong&gt;a María&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo presté. (se = &amp;quot;a María&amp;quot;, indirect object) (lo = &amp;quot;un libro&amp;quot;, direct object)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;quot;Se te va el avión&amp;quot; the word has no &amp;quot;meaning&amp;quot;, is not a third person, neither an object. Has a syntactic function called &amp;quot;inchoative&amp;quot; that indicates the beginning of the action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; va = the plane started &amp;quot;going&amp;quot; action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; pronoun in this case is like an indirect object, which is indicating that the affected by the action of the verb is the second person, the receiver of the message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; va = you're the one affected by the plane is leaving&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T00:28:05.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10336" CreationDate="2014-11-25T00:17:26.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;go away&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;leave&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;depart&lt;/em&gt; depending on context. So that &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is turning the &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; meaning into &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;, as you think it should be.&#xA;You could read the sentence of the question as &lt;em&gt;el avión se va sin ti&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;el avión te deja (atrás)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T00:17:26.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10336" CreationDate="2014-11-25T02:57:30.360" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding the two objects, I think is a case of &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Dativos%20superfluos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;dativo superfluo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, which some people think are not really indirect objects, but an &amp;quot;objeto of interés&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indica el interés de la acción, es decir, no es el destinatario sin más (Complemento Indirecto), sino el &lt;strong&gt;afectado por la acción&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones con &lt;strong&gt;se me&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;se te&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;se nos&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;se os&lt;/strong&gt; implican que el suceso queda fuera del control de la persona y que ésta se ve afectada por ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that the object is there not really to tell you &lt;em&gt;who suffers the action&lt;/em&gt;, but to stress &lt;strong&gt;who is affected by the action&lt;/strong&gt; instead. It seems that there are several different kinds of &lt;em&gt;dativos&lt;/em&gt; regarding not only who suffers the action but the action suffered (please, check the link for more exhaustive information).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in &lt;code&gt;Se te va el avión&lt;/code&gt; the event of the plane leaving affects the person addressed by this sentence. Compare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se va el avión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which has a meaning like &lt;code&gt;The plane is leaving&lt;/code&gt; with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; va el avión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Your&lt;/strong&gt; plane is leaving&amp;quot;, you better hurry up, because &lt;strong&gt;there are consequences for you. You are going to be directly affected by this event&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why we have two objects there that seem redundant, one is pointing &lt;em&gt;who suffers the consequences of the action&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the differences between &lt;code&gt;dejar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt;, think about this: &lt;code&gt;The plane is leaving, leaving you behind...&lt;/code&gt;. The first &lt;code&gt;leaving&lt;/code&gt; would be from &lt;code&gt;Ir&lt;/code&gt; since the plane goes from here to somewhere. &lt;code&gt;Dejar&lt;/code&gt;, when talking about traveling, has the connotation of &amp;quot;dejar atrás&amp;quot;. You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión deja Madrid (para dirigirse a Barcelona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión deja la pista y sube hacia al cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand your confusion, because the plane is actually &lt;em&gt;leaving behind&lt;/em&gt; the person you are addressing, but then you would be saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El avión &lt;strong&gt;te deja&lt;/strong&gt; en tierra (the plane leaves you behind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or to phrase it with the words of the example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A las 3:30 se cierran las puertas y si no estás dentro, &lt;strong&gt;se te deja&lt;/strong&gt; en tierra (you are left behind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you can see, with &lt;code&gt;dejar&lt;/code&gt; you will need a complement for that verb. Also is obvious that you suffered the consequences of the action, so there is no need of the &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;se te&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; construction to indicate it. In &lt;code&gt;El avión te deja en tierra&lt;/code&gt; you are de CD of the action done by the plane. If you use &lt;code&gt;The plane leaves&lt;/code&gt; you may (or may not) use the construction to indicate the consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T03:12:42.023" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10340" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10343" CreationDate="2014-11-25T05:20:13.480" Score="1" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I came across a song that went, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me cansé de que me tomes la cerveza&lt;/strong&gt;...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly does it mean? Is it &quot;I am tired of you drinking my beer&quot;? Are both &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;'s here what they call dativos superfluos? What purpose does the first &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; serve and how would the sentence mean any different without it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T21:31:11.413" Title="Dativo superfluo: Meaning of &quot;Me cansé de que me tomes la cerveza&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10342" CreationDate="2014-11-25T05:32:37.083" Score="5" ViewCount="1823" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;My head hurts&lt;/em&gt;&quot; translates as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me duele la cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and not &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mi cabeza duele&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; I was taught that possessive pronouns are redundant and hence dropped when speaking of body parts. Does this rule apply to any other possession or is it strictly on for body parts? If so, why? Also, how would one translate the same sentence if the subject is someone else? Let's say the sentence is &quot;&lt;em&gt;His leg hurts&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Would it be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Le duele la pierna&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? Or would it be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se duele la pierna&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? To make things even more complicated, what if a name is given, e.g., &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ronaldo's leg hurts&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? Without Ronaldo, I would assume leg (or whatever body part is in question) would be the subject. But with the name specified, there seem to be two subjects...that's so unnatural to English ears!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T07:20:09.513" Title="No possessive pronoun for body parts" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10341" CreationDate="2014-11-25T07:20:09.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;His leg hurts&lt;/em&gt; would be correctly translated as &quot;Le duele la pierna&quot;, literally, &quot;The leg hurts &lt;em&gt;him&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  In this respect, it functions exactly as in English, except that an object is obligatory, rather than optional.  If you wanted to say that Ronaldo's leg hurts, you would just specify him as the explicity indirect object: &quot;Le duele la pierna a Ronaldo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, when possessed things affect their owners, the ownership is very commonly shown via the indirect object.  This isn't exclusive to body parts: &quot;Se me averió el coche&quot; will be most commonly be interpreted as &quot;My car broke down on me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possessive pronouns &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be used in these structures, but normally only when the thing being owned is affecting someone else, quite uncommon with body parts such that at the moment, I can't think of any example that's not overly contrived.  But notice in the previous example, if I were driving &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; car, I would say &quot;Se me averió &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; coche&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T07:20:09.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10340" CreationDate="2014-11-25T07:37:26.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; is not synonymous with &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;, rather with &lt;em&gt;robar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;quitar&lt;/em&gt;.  That makes it a bit easier to understand in the context of the song (“La Guitarra” by Los auténticos decadantes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor que te afeites&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor que madures, mejor que labores&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Ya me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(reflexivo)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;strong&gt;cansé de que me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(indirecto)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;strong&gt;tomes la cerveza&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(porque no quieres comprártela tú)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te voy a dar con la guitarra en la cabeza  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor que te afeites&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor que madures, mejor que labores&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya me cansé de ser tu fuente de dinero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy a ponerte esa guitarra de sombrero  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T07:37:26.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10344" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25937" CreationDate="2014-11-25T13:30:46.553" Score="5" ViewCount="3985" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;mapuzungun&lt;/strong&gt; es el idioma de la etnia &lt;strong&gt;mapuche&lt;/strong&gt;, que es la principal base nativa del mestizaje en mi país Chile. La influencia del mapuzungun en el español es baja, en comparación con la que se dio en otras zonas latinoamericanas, pero algunas palabras se usan muchísimo y la mayoría de los chilenos se asombraría de saber que no son españolas sino mapuches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si alguna de estas palabras, que repito son muy frecuentes en Chile, la identifica alguno de ustedes, o si se sabe de algún préstamo del mapuzungun que haya pasado al español &quot;mundial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cahuín = chisme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;charcha = de mala calidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chape = trenza o moño en el pelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuncuna = oruga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;funar = arruinar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;guata = abdomen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;laucha = ratón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;piñén = suciedad corporal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pololo = novio, trabajo temporal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quiltro = perro mestizo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;trapicarse = atorarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias a quienes compartieron sus observaciones. Esperaba un montón de buenos ejemplos y poder incluir este post en la bibliografía de un informe estupendo, pero la única conclusión posible, a fin de cuentas, es que el mapuzungún no ha tenido ninguna influencia fuera de Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T13:45:21.873" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T12:55:20.107" Title="Palabras del mapuzungun en el español" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10348" CreationDate="2014-11-25T13:38:59.603" Score="3" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how one would say CDs, in Spanish.&#xA;I know that a single CD would be spelled in Spanish characters (i.e. &quot;ce de&quot;), however, how would several CDs be spelled in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5350" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T00:23:15.363" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T00:23:15.363" Title="How to say plural of abbreviations" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10350" CreationDate="2014-11-25T13:48:03.480" Score="3" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one say something like &quot;at the 5th of December&quot; in Spanish ?&#xA;Is it like telling the time (e.g. &quot;a las cinco del Diciembre&quot;) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5350" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T13:19:19.050" Title="How to say a specific day of the month" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10345" CreationDate="2014-11-25T14:03:20.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can either add on an &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt;, or just leave it as is with some other word marking its plural status.  I personally pluralize most of them, but it will depend on the degree of lexicalization of the initialism.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un CD&lt;sub&gt;(cedé)&lt;/sub&gt;, dos CD&lt;sub&gt;(cedé &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; cedés)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un DVD&lt;sub&gt;(deuvedé)&lt;/sub&gt;, dos DVD&lt;sub&gt;(deuvedé &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; deuvedés)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un ONG&lt;sub&gt;(oenegé)&lt;/sub&gt;, dos ONG&lt;sub&gt;(oenegé &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; oenegés)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una DS&lt;sub&gt;(dese)&lt;/sub&gt;, dos DS&lt;sub&gt;(dese &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; deses)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un M16&lt;sub&gt;(emedieciséis)&lt;/sub&gt;, dos M16&lt;sub&gt;(emedieciséis &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; emedieciseises)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T14:03:20.413" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10346" CreationDate="2014-11-25T14:26:03.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cinco de diciembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where in this case, you should &lt;em&gt;ommit&lt;/em&gt; the word &quot;the&quot; in the translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the result will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The 5th of December.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there, you'll get an adequate translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T13:19:19.050" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T13:19:19.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10346" CreationDate="2014-11-25T14:29:34.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can either say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cinco de diciembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El día cinco de diciembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;emphasizing the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it's the first day you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El primero de diciembre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El día primero del mes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T14:29:34.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4581" CreationDate="2014-11-25T14:36:51.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son las cuatro de la tarde, pero &lt;em&gt;se siente&lt;/em&gt; como si fueran las nueve de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T14:36:51.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10336" CreationDate="2014-11-25T14:38:30.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se te fue el avión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a plane. It is yours and you have it on your hand, but the plane flies away. Its gone &quot;se te fue&quot;. The plane is what you think, the ideas so when the plane flies away, flies with your ideas, the plane is your toughts and they're gone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T14:38:30.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10344" CreationDate="2014-11-25T16:41:57.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De todas las palabras de la lista quizás &quot;funar&quot; la veo un uso más extendido. Usada como adjetivo: &lt;strong&gt;funesto&lt;/strong&gt; es algo ruinoso, desastroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4125" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T16:41:57.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8784" CreationDate="2014-11-25T17:05:21.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la pregunta de cómo se sabe qué preposición pueden acompañar a un verbo en español, un recurso &lt;strong&gt;en papel&lt;/strong&gt; muy útil para resolver este tipo de preguntas se encuentra en el Diccionario de Uso de las Preposiciones Españolas, de Emili Slager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T17:05:21.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19232" CreationDate="2014-11-25T17:17:46.120" Score="0" ViewCount="4562" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Internet podemos encontrar ejemplos de uso de adjuntar (y adjunto) tanto con &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; como con &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agenciatributaria.es/AEAT.internet/Inicio_es_ES/La_Agencia_Tributaria/Campanas/Censos__NIF_y_domicilio_fiscal/Empresas_y_profesionales__Declaracion_censal__Modelos_036_y_037/Informacion/Declaracion_censal__Modelos_036_y_037/Documentacion_a_adjuntar/Documentacion_a_adjuntar.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Documentación a adjuntar &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la presentación de los modelos censales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada de &lt;em&gt;adjuntar&lt;/em&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Esencial&lt;/a&gt; no incluye ejemplos de uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada de &lt;em&gt;adjuntar&lt;/em&gt; en el DUPE de Emili Slager solo incluye usos con la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;: e.g. &quot;adjunto al documento&quot;, &quot;el adjunto al director&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto utilizar la preposición &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; con el verbo &lt;em&gt;adjuntar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco he encontrado respuesta a esta pregunta en los artículos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/?s=adjuntar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fundeu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T20:27:23.017" Title="¿Es correcto utilizar &quot;adjuntar en&quot; y &quot;adjunto en&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10355" CreationDate="2014-11-25T18:05:13.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que la definición de adjunto/a es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que va o está unido con otra cosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y esa &amp;quot;cosa&amp;quot; es el email, podríamos entender que la preposición correcta debería ser &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; (adjunto a). Al enviar algo por correo tradicional, si decimos &amp;quot;adjunto en el sobre&amp;quot; en realidad queremos decir &amp;quot;adjunto al documento que va en el sobre&amp;quot;. Si no, dependiera de otro documento estaríamos enviando algo, en lugar de adjuntarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que soy culpable del uso de vez en cuando de &amp;quot;adjunto en&amp;quot;, como si el adjunto fuera &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; del email. La confusión parece estar aquí servida por la pregunta: &amp;quot;qué es exactamente el email?&amp;quot; Cuando mando un correo electrónico con una foto, estoy adjuntando esa foto al &lt;em&gt;texto&lt;/em&gt; de mi correo y todo ello va en el correo electrónico, o lo estoy adjuntado directamente al correo en sí? Podríamos hacer la analogía con las cartas que recibimos en el correo tradicional. Una carta, que se compone de un sobre, en el que dentro viene... la carta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt; recoge tanto el sistema de transmisión como el mensaje transmitido, cabría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjunto al email (mensaje) en el email (sistema de transmisión) un documento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si damos por bueno que podemos decir &amp;quot;adjunto en el medio de transmisión&amp;quot; (y que se sobreentiende el documento principal al que los demás van adjuntos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjunto en el sobre las fotos (para describir dos fotos que van con el formulario de la petición)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjunto en el envío [otros documentos de menor importancia]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entiendo que podemos usar &lt;code&gt;adjunto en el email&lt;/code&gt;, pero deberíamos favorecer &lt;code&gt;adjunto al email&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T18:24:20.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10344" CreationDate="2014-11-25T19:34:24.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_chileno#Pr.C3.A9stamos_l.C3.A9xicos_de_origen_mapuche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta referencia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la vigesimosegunda edición del Diccionario de la lengua española (DRAE), se cuentan 302 términos de origen mapuche que abarcan distintos campos semánticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que no reconozco ninguno de los términos de tu lista (o de la de este primer enlace) como términos usados cotidianamente en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si existe una palabra en español procedente del mapuche que se use en todos los dialectos, pero de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_de_origen_mapuche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta otra lista exhaustiva de palabras en español de origen mapuche&lt;/a&gt; reconozco (que se usen en España en el sentido que muestra la etimología mapuche):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lapa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mango (quizá esta sea casi completamente universal, ya que se refiere a la fruta que probablemente sea originaria de esas regiones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-03T15:26:00.550" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T15:26:00.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10346" CreationDate="2014-11-25T22:25:27.663" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El cinco de diciembre&quot; &#xA;The month name in lowercase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T22:25:27.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-11-25T22:58:30.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se emplea &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La fiesta será el sábado&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &quot;El juego fue el viernes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T10:43:07.517" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T10:43:07.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10361" CreationDate="2014-11-26T00:16:08.740" Score="1" ViewCount="1792" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;prenda&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt; mean clothing. Although &lt;strong&gt;prenda&lt;/strong&gt; also means jewelry in Venezuela but in general contexts, it seems to be synonymous to &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt;. Or isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:12:57.297" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:13:31.547" Title="Are &quot;prenda&quot; and &quot;ropa&quot; the same?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10360" CreationDate="2014-11-26T00:40:57.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prenda&lt;/em&gt; is normally an article of clothing and thereby countable, whereas &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt; is clothing in general and not normally countable (unless you're talking about the various types of clothing, in which case it is).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me compré ropa ayer. (cuantidad desconocida)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me compré dos ropas ayer. (poco común)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me compré una prenda ayer. (una pieza)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me compré dos prendas ayer. (dos piezas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the general usage in Spain, however, there may very well be some regional differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T00:40:57.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10363" CreationDate="2014-11-26T02:53:41.817" Score="2" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;This word comes from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;trahō&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;to draw, plunder, drag, or trail&lt;/em&gt;. This is where we get &lt;strong&gt;traje&lt;/strong&gt;, the Spanish word for &lt;em&gt;suit&lt;/em&gt;, from. How did such an unrelated word, a verb no less, wind up being the word for an article of clothing in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T03:03:18.323" Title="Etymology of &quot;traje&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10362" CreationDate="2014-11-26T03:03:18.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?traje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This reference&lt;/a&gt; explains that the idea of a suit is &lt;em&gt;to draw&lt;/em&gt; attention. It also says that, even if ones of the meaning is &quot;to drag&quot; the idea is closer to &quot;to bring&quot; like in &quot;I brought this dress to be properly dressed for the event&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account that &lt;code&gt;traje&lt;/code&gt; no only describes the man suit (with jacket and trousers made form the same material) but also a way or code of dressing (uniform).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T03:03:18.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10345" CreationDate="2014-11-26T04:32:39.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que tiene que ver con la región. No es lo mismo en España que en México o Argentina. En Argentina, por ejemplo, nadie dice &quot;emedieciseises&quot;. Sería parecido a decir &quot;pieses&quot; o &quot;viruses&quot;. Nosotros decimos &lt;strong&gt;CDs (cedés)&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;DVD (devedés)&lt;/strong&gt;. El plural para M16 se lo ponemos en el contexto. Ejemplo: Juan compro varias &lt;strong&gt;M16(emedieciseis)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T04:32:39.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10372" CreationDate="2014-11-26T06:55:50.590" Score="5" ViewCount="8981" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference? The dictionary says both mean socks or stockings. If they really refer to the same thing, what's the regional usage for Mexico and Latin America in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T16:40:03.660" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T05:05:06.410" Title="&quot;Calzas&quot; vs. &quot;medias&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10366" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10368" CreationDate="2014-11-26T07:17:29.753" Score="2" ViewCount="3060" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary tells me both are underwear, &lt;strong&gt;calzón&lt;/strong&gt; for women and &lt;strong&gt;calzoncillos&lt;/strong&gt; for men. However, when I looked up the words on Google images (something I always do with new words to get a better idea of real-life meanings), I see a mix of underwear for both genders for either words. What gives? If it's a matter of regional preference, what are those preferences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T16:19:33.297" Title="&quot;Calzón&quot; vs. &quot;calzoncillos&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-26T08:05:10.610" Score="2" ViewCount="403" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking for ways to translate &quot;tracksuit&quot; or &quot;windbreaker&quot; and came across &lt;strong&gt;cortaviento&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;chándal&lt;/strong&gt;. Which one of the two is preferred in Mexican or Latin American spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T02:38:36.280" Title="Is &quot;chándal&quot; a commonly used term in Mexico and the rest of Latin America?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10366" CreationDate="2014-11-26T13:44:16.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain nobody favors the use of &lt;code&gt;calzón&lt;/code&gt; for feminine intimate wear. They are referred as &lt;code&gt;bragas&lt;/code&gt;, aways in plural even if it is just one piece of clothing. The word &lt;code&gt;braga&lt;/code&gt;, in singular, is a different piece of clothing: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=braga+bufanda&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1277&amp;amp;bih=600&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;tbo=u&amp;amp;source=univ&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=pNZ1VLbPHM7bsASPm4KgDg&amp;amp;ved=0CB0QsAQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a sort of scarf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To refer to men underwear people usually use &lt;code&gt;calzoncillos&lt;/code&gt;. I think that, on rare occasions, you could hear &quot;calzones&quot;, but not &lt;code&gt;calzón&lt;/code&gt; to refer to men's underwear. Younger people will also favor the use of &lt;code&gt;slip&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;gayumbos&lt;/code&gt;(for boxer type. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=gayumbos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;See and example&lt;/a&gt;) depending on their shape to designate men's underwear, besides 'calzoncillos`. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T15:31:28.190" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2014-11-26T15:27:09.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was hesitating about posting an answer because you are asking for the usage in Mexico specifically, and my Spanish is castilian, but in case it helps and until you get a better and more complete answer...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that 'calcetines' is what we use in a daily basis and 'calzas' would designate larger 'socks', like the ones soccer players (among others) may use for sports (calzas deportivas). The word also designates an old fashioned piece of clothing (something between socks and pants. &lt;a href=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Tizian_081.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check this &quot;calzas&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y9vLo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other one&lt;/a&gt; to get an idea of what it was).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems they can also be a woman piece of clothing (but in castilian Spanish the word used for them is the anglicism &lt;code&gt;leggings&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No idea about the use in Mexico, but I hope this helps until someones posts a more accurate answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T15:27:09.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10366" CreationDate="2014-11-26T16:09:17.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia, I only had referenced &lt;strong&gt;(calzón)&lt;/strong&gt; for female underpants that it covers intimate and buttocks areas, extending until the half of her stomach &lt;em&gt;is like a big calzoncillo&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;strong&gt;(calzoncillos)&lt;/strong&gt; are underpants for men that cover genital and buttocks areas, limiting to waist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T16:09:17.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10366" CreationDate="2014-11-26T16:19:33.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile &quot;calzón&quot; is for women and &quot;calzoncillo&quot; for men, as Wictionary says. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In recent times, it is there &quot;calzones/calzoncillos&quot; are used to refer to a type of outdated  clothing, unlike other more modern and specific types (tanga, bikini, pantaleta, boxer, slip, zunga).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, if a store offer &quot;calzones&quot; one would expect them to be for old ladies and little girls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as general concepts anyone understood that a &quot;pantaleta&quot; is a type of &quot;calzón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T16:19:33.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2014-11-26T17:26:25.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Colombia (Bogotá D.C) and I only know that &lt;strong&gt;calzas&lt;/strong&gt; are a short term for &lt;strong&gt;calzas dentales&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below, a example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene cita odontológica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si, vengo a que me pongan unas &lt;em&gt;calzas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching a little on internet, the word also be applicable to socks, however I only use the word &lt;strong&gt;medias&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T17:26:25.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2014-11-26T17:33:45.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile, &quot;medias&quot; has two meanings. The first is not important in this question, is the sport socks, used by both sexes. With a minimal difference are the same as &quot;calcetas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second &lt;strong&gt;&quot;medias&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; refers to a type of lingerie, only wear by women. Is a set of panties with legs and which must necessarily be closed on the feet. That is: a trouser with socks, all together, and with &quot;intimate&quot; features. It can be transparent or opaque. In other countries it said &quot;pantimedias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Calzas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are outer garment. Are similar to trousers made with thin and flexible material, and with open feet. Are also known as &quot;leggins&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In real life of a man, there is little difference between &lt;em&gt;medias&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;calzas&lt;/em&gt;, the main thing is that enclose a foot and others do not. If they are fully transparent, are &lt;em&gt;medias&lt;/em&gt;, and should take more clothes on (unfortunately). But it would be feasible to tell a lady, &quot;qué lindas tus calzas&quot; and she will answer you: &quot;Son medias&quot;. It would be nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-11-27T00:59:51.993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T00:59:51.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10379" CreationDate="2014-11-26T23:01:57.997" Score="2" ViewCount="3435" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;No supo explicar por qué no iría a la excursión el próximo fin de semana&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué usa la condicional en vez del futuro? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;No estoy segura, por eso le dije que tendrá unos 40 años.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué usa el futuro en vez de la condicional? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;No estoy segura, pero creo que tendrá unos 40 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué usa el futuro en vez de la condicional? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Imaginó que al año siguiente, conseguiría un premio en los campeonatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué usa la condicional en vez del futuro perfecto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eses frases no son míos. Son de Josefa Martin Garcia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorDisplayName="user6979" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T23:14:23.283" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T01:01:35.940" Title="Uso del tiempo del futuro vs la condicional" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10380" CreationDate="2014-11-26T23:44:26.533" Score="2" ViewCount="904" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;A la izquierda de la fotografía, hay _ montañas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este frase es de Josefa Martín García.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no inserta el artículo definido en el espacio? &#xA;Crea una generalización en esta frase, así que creo que debe usar el artículo definido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T22:14:49.827" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T22:14:49.827" Title="Uso del artículo definido" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10381" CreationDate="2014-11-27T00:07:51.557" Score="3" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Pablo Ruiz Picasso, nacido en Málaga en 1881, comenzó a pintar desde muy temprana edad, mostrando ya una habilidad extraordinaria. Después de trabajar en Barcelona, se trasladó a Paris a comienzos de siglo. Allí recibió la influencia de los pintores franceses del momento. Picasso &lt;strong&gt;reaccionaría&lt;/strong&gt; pronto antes aquellas influencias y &lt;strong&gt;empezaría&lt;/strong&gt; a crear sus primeras obras famosas, en lo que se &lt;strong&gt;conoció&lt;/strong&gt; como periodo azul y periodo rosa dentro de su carrera artística.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué usa la condicional en vez del pretérito? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese párrafo es de Josefa Martín García. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es el uso del pretérito correcto para el verbo conocer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user6979" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T15:03:06.703" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T15:03:06.703" Title="Tiempos verbales" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10376" CreationDate="2014-11-27T00:12:21.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto el condicional como el futuro refieren a acciones que acaecen posteriormente a algún tiempo.  Lo que les diferencia es el punto de referencia que usan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El futuro tiene como punto de referencia ahora mismo.  Es decir, si digo, &lt;em&gt;imagino que ella viajará a Corea&lt;/em&gt;, se entiende que en algún momento entre justo ahora y un tiempo indefinido posterior a ahora, ella va a viajar a Corea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El condicional tiene como su punto de referencia algún momento en el pasado.  Es decir, si digo &lt;em&gt;imaginé que ella viajaría a Corea&lt;/em&gt;, se entiende que en algún momento entre cuando lo imaginé y un tiempo indefinido posterior a &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt;, ella o hizo, está haciendo, o hará su viaje (porque el período de tiempo posterior al año pasado incluye los últimos meses pasados, ahora mismo, y los meses que vendrán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es posible decir &lt;em&gt;imagino que ella viajaría a Corea&lt;/em&gt; porque es imposible incluir un tiempo pasado.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  Si ya hiciese su viaje, habríamos dicho &lt;em&gt;imagino que ella ha viajado a Corea&lt;/em&gt; y no tendríamos por qué usar el futuro.  De igual forma, no tiene mucha lógica decir &lt;em&gt;imaginaba que ella viajará a Corea&lt;/em&gt;, porque seguramente en el momento en que lo imaginábamos, el tiempo entre entonces y el presente de ahora también quedaba incluido en el período del viaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu segunda oración para mí queda mal escrita, debió ser «No estoy segura, por eso le dije que tendría unos 40 años», pero es frecuente en el habla cotidiano cambiar los ejes temporales en el medio de una oración aunque se debe evitarlo en la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello puede ser por las razones que mencioné arriba, pero también hay otro uso común del futuro y condicional que algunos han llamado el modo potencial.  En este uso, el futuro y el condicional tienen significado del presente o del pasado, pero añadiendo la idea de probabilidad: ¿Dónde está mi perro? Estará afuera (probablemente está afuera). Más probablemente ejemplifican este uso, pero siguen regidos por los tiempos. &lt;em&gt;Le dije que tendría (que probablemente tenía)&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;creo que tendrá (que probablemente tiene)&lt;/em&gt;. Hay falta de concordancia temporal decir una frase como &lt;em&gt;Le dije que probablemente tiene&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Siempre que hablamos del valor indicativo del condicional que es una conjugación que varía tanto en modalidad como en temporalidad.  Sí se podría decir &lt;em&gt;imagino que ella viajaría a Corea&lt;/em&gt; si después se añadiese &lt;em&gt;si tuviese el dinero&lt;/em&gt;, pero en tal caso, el uso del condicional es perdiferente del que tratamos aquí.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-11-27T01:01:35.940" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T01:01:35.940" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10377" CreationDate="2014-11-27T00:39:11.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu pregunta no se refiere tanto al uso del artículo como al uso del verbo &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;, en este caso la palabra &amp;quot;hay&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una estructura fija muy frecuente, encabezada por alguna de estas formas verbales, según el tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;había, hubo, hay, habrá, va a haber&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que viene después del verbo es una frase nominal que funciona como complemento directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;strong&gt;cuatro hombres&lt;/strong&gt; en la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va a haber &lt;strong&gt;una reunión&lt;/strong&gt; el sábado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de esta estructura es: &lt;em&gt;el objeto mencionado existió, existe o existirá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes que nada, hay una regla, y hay que ser obedientes: &lt;em&gt;Si después de la palabra &amp;quot;hay&amp;quot; viene un artículo, éste debe ser indefinido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una reunión. [Correcto]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay la reunión. [Incorrecto]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora la explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los artículos definidos (el, la...) acompañan sustantivos que ya son conocidos por los hablantes. Si tú dices &amp;quot;la montaña&amp;quot;, te estás refiriendo a una montaña que tú y yo ya hemos identificado, una montaña distinta a todo el resto de las montañas, esa montaña, la montaña de la que estamos conversando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en las oraciones que comienzan con &amp;quot;hay&amp;quot; estamos haciendo una declaración de la existencia del sustantivo. Es decir, en esta oración estamos reconociendo por primera vez la existencia de ciertas montañas, para después seguir hablando de ellas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la izquierda de la fotografía hay &lt;strong&gt;unas&lt;/strong&gt; montañas. Son &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; montañas más bonitas que he visto en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera oración se presentan unas montañas, de las cuales no sabíamos nada (artículo indefinido). En la segunda oración hablamos específicamente de las montañas que ya identificamos en la oración anterior (artículo definido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T00:39:11.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10378" CreationDate="2014-11-27T00:53:24.107" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es difícil de explicar con qué lógica el idioma llegó a esto, pero sí, el modo condicional también sirve para hablar del &lt;strong&gt;tiempo futuro con respecto a un tiempo pasado, que a su vez es pasado con respecto a un tiempo futuro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Picasso &lt;strong&gt;reaccionaría&lt;/strong&gt; pronto ante aquellas influencias...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significa que la reacción de Picasso ocurrió después del presente de la narración (principios de siglo), pero antes del presente de la lectura (hoy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T00:53:24.107" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10377" CreationDate="2014-11-27T01:04:21.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; no admite sustantivos definidos por las razones que ha indicado Rodrigo.  Cabe notar que la misma restricción existe en inglés aunque es difícil notarla porque, a pesar de usar las mismas palabras, al cambiar de indefinido a definido, estas palabras tienen funciones diferentes, evidentes al traducir al español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are some mountains (&lt;em&gt;hay unas montañas&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are the mountains (&lt;em&gt;allí están las montañas&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T01:04:21.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:10:16.097" Score="0" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacia 1907, la muerte de Cézanne y las influencias del arte africano&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt; paso a un nuevo cambio en el pintor, su época negra, que &lt;strong&gt;daría&lt;/strong&gt; a una de sus más geniales&quot; creaciones: el cubismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas frases son de Josefa Martín García.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el tiempo verbal del primer verbo, &quot;dar&quot;, es el pretérito. ¿Es correcto?&#xA;¿El tiempo verbal del segundo verbo es el condicional porque &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10381/5481&quot;&gt;habla del &quot;tiempo futuro con respecto a un tiempo pasado&quot;&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T19:39:44.830" Title="Uso del tiempo condicional o el pretérito" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:22:57.100" Score="2" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Después del cubismo, Picasso volvió a una época clásica a partir de 1914. En esta nueva etapa, la principal temática &lt;strong&gt;sería&lt;/strong&gt; el desnudo femenino grandioso, pesado, alejado de la excesiva delgadez de sus anteriores arlequines. Picasso alternaría el cubismo con el clasicismo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este párrafo es de Josefa Martin Garcia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué usa el condicional (&lt;strong&gt;sería&lt;/strong&gt;) en vez del imperfecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-27T03:34:43.623" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T14:41:59.950" Title="Uso del tiempo verbales condicional y pretérito" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10385" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10388" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:28:43.060" Score="4" ViewCount="2039" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coge la bolsa por el asa pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7037" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T17:44:35.103" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T17:44:35.103" Title="Agreement of adjectives with nouns" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10367" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:38:36.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, we knew that &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ch%C3%A1ndal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; explained what a &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt; is in castilian Spanish, and gave a couple of synonyms for other countries that have been validated by some users in the comments (such as &lt;em&gt;buzo&lt;/em&gt; in Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a Mexican online clothing store and tried, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linio.com.mx/catalog/?q=chandal&amp;amp;baseUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linio.com.mx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;successfully&lt;/a&gt;, to find a &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt;. Interestingly, they use &lt;em&gt;chamarra&lt;/em&gt; to designate the upper part of the &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;chaqueta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;chaquetilla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it seems that in Mexico they use, or at least would understand &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt;. I tried to find the &lt;em&gt;pan/pants&lt;/em&gt; that the Wiktionary say is the Mexican word for &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linio.com.mx/catalog/?q=pants&amp;amp;baseUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linio.com.mx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;it seems to be&lt;/a&gt; another piece of sportwear, but just the lower part (&lt;em&gt;pantalones&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to be sure, I checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://listado.mercadolibre.com.mx/chandal-adidas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more than one Mexican online store&lt;/a&gt;, and there I could find a &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pants de chándal&lt;/em&gt; (no &quot;pantalones de chándal&quot; that would be said in Spain, for example) and &lt;em&gt;chamarras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say that &lt;em&gt;chándal&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used in Mexico (and Spain) but not in all the other countries (we know is &lt;em&gt;buzo&lt;/em&gt; in Chile thanks to Rodrigo and &lt;em&gt;cortavientos&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia thanks to Carlos Eugenio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T02:38:36.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10392" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:42:02.627" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además, como era tiempo de las lluvias y el viejo médico &lt;strong&gt;hubo&lt;/strong&gt; de hacer al efecto de un viaje de tres kilómetros, llegó con barro hasta las rodillas y su reuma se agravó considerablemente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es de Josefa Martin Garcia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué usa el pretérito en vez del imperfecto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T12:02:30.697" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T12:02:30.697" Title="Uso del pretérito y el imperfecto: ¿por qué se dice &quot;el viejo médico 'hubo' de hacer un viaje...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2014-11-27T02:45:48.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is incorrect. The adjective &lt;em&gt;pequeño&lt;/em&gt; must agree with the noun &lt;em&gt;asa&lt;/em&gt; which is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tricky part is that, since the word &lt;em&gt;asa&lt;/em&gt; starts with an stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; (/a/ tónica in Spanish), it won't use the feminine article &amp;quot;la,&amp;quot; but rather the masculine &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; to avoid &amp;quot;la asa,&amp;quot; which would sound awkward. You can see this happen with other feminine words that start with stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El águila&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El agua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El alma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El aula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even words that start with an &amp;quot;h&amp;quot; followed by stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hacha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you would not be doing this if the &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; were not stressed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La arena (stress is on the letter &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La actitud (stress is on the letter &amp;quot;u&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La agencia (stress is on the letter &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will still use this &amp;quot;feminized&amp;quot; form of the article &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; for declinations of words that start with stressed &amp;quot;a,&amp;quot; even if the declined word loses the stress on the &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; (/a/ átona in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El agüita (not &lt;em&gt;la agüita&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't be using it either word composed feminine words in which the first word starts with an stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; but the composed word has a non-stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La aguamarina (not &lt;em&gt;el aguamarina&lt;/em&gt;. Stress in in letter &amp;quot;i&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;asa&lt;/em&gt; has a stressed &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;, so the correct form would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coge la bolsa por el asa pequeñ&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T02:43:24.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10390" CreationDate="2014-11-27T03:00:56.800" Score="1" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;A los once años Miguel fue al campo, junto al padre y al hermano mayor. En los días más crudos del invierno &lt;strong&gt;aprovecharon&lt;/strong&gt; para acudir a la escuela, donde &lt;strong&gt;aprendieron&lt;/strong&gt; a leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this sentence mean?&#xA;Are my verbs correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7037" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:08:20.590" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:08:20.590" Title="Subject Verb Agreement and Verb Tense" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10389" CreationDate="2014-11-27T03:26:34.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks correct, but If you had said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A los once años Miguel fue al campo, junto al padre y al hermano mayor. En los días más crudos del invierno &lt;strong&gt;aprovechó&lt;/strong&gt; para acudir a la escuela, donde &lt;strong&gt;aprendió&lt;/strong&gt; a leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would have been correct too. The difference is that in your version more than one person takes advantage of the cold days of winter to go to school, since you are using plural. In my version only Miguel is taking advantage of this fact to go to school. So what is the inflection (or your intention) here? Who went to school, just the young Miguel or his brother too? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tenses are correct, and I just took advantage that the first sentence talks about &lt;em&gt;Miguel&lt;/em&gt;, who had to go to the field with his father and brother, to play with the number in the verb forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T03:26:34.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10383" CreationDate="2014-11-27T03:49:08.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría &amp;quot;dieron&amp;quot;, pero en el caso del primer verbo podrías usar también lo que se llama &amp;quot;presente histórico&amp;quot;. El presente histórico consiste en en hablar de acciones en el pasado usando el tiempo presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante la segunda guerra púnica Anibal cruza los alpes y desafía al Imperio Romano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer llega mi compañero de piso del trabajo, da un portazo y se mete en su habitación. Luego sale y empieza a quejarse de todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que puedes usar el presente en con el primer verbo y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacia 1907, la muerte de Cézanne y las influencias del arte africano &lt;strong&gt;dan&lt;/strong&gt; paso a un nuevo cambio en el pintor, su época negra, que daría a una de sus más geniales creaciones: el cubismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T03:49:08.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10387" CreationDate="2014-11-27T08:38:10.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque está hablando de algo que se produjo antes de la acción principal de la frase. Es decir, el médico, en el pasado, llegó con barro hasta las rodillas, porque antes que eso el médico &quot;hubo de hacer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T08:38:10.973" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10384" CreationDate="2014-11-27T08:41:59.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ese &quot;sería&quot; se refiere a algo que ocurrirá a partir de 1914, porque la narración se ha situado en ese punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="888" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T08:41:59.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10384" CreationDate="2014-11-27T09:40:27.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El condicional se usa en narraciones como esta para expresar un hecho que para nosotros está en el pasado (total o parcialmente), pero para el momento de la narración está en el futuro. Es decir: cuando Picasso volvió a la época clásica en 1914, esa etapa todavía no había comenzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este tipo de construcciones, el condicional se puede sustituir por la perífrasis &lt;em&gt;iba a + infinitivo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esta nueva etapa, la principal temática &lt;em&gt;iba a ser&lt;/em&gt; el desnudo femenino grandioso [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T09:40:27.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10396" CreationDate="2014-11-27T13:48:32.537" Score="1" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my spanish course I was presented with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;te va a encantar &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a translation of &lt;code&gt;You're going to like it&lt;/code&gt;.  But what confuses me is the combination of the pronoun &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; with the verb conjugation&lt;code&gt;va&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't the translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;te vas a encantar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T14:29:01.010" Title="You're going to like it" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10395" CreationDate="2014-11-27T14:26:15.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's for the same reason that it's &quot;te encanta&quot; and not &quot;te encantas&quot;. (remember, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; don't mean to like/love, they mean &lt;em&gt;to please&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;to enchant&lt;/em&gt;, that is, causing enjoyment &lt;em&gt;to/for&lt;/em&gt; someone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;te      encanta&#xA;you.IO  enchant.PRES.3RD.SING&#xA;&quot;It enchants you&quot;&#xA;&#xA;te      va a encantar&#xA;you.IO  enchant.FUT.3RD.SING&#xA;&quot;It is going to enchant you&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing grammatically wrong &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;te vas a encatar&lt;/em&gt;, but then you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;te      vas a encantar&#xA;you.RO  enchant.FUT.2ND.SING&#xA;&quot;You are going to enchant yourself&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a very different sentence, effectively meaning &lt;em&gt;you are going to love (non-amorously) yourself&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T14:26:15.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10395" CreationDate="2014-11-27T14:29:01.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your correction is right (in literal way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the expression &amp;quot;va a&amp;quot; is an auxiliary verb (&lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt;) marking the future tense. Then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;te va a encantar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vas a llegar tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;te encantará&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llegarás tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and that is also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T14:29:01.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10401" CreationDate="2014-11-27T14:50:25.010" Score="5" ViewCount="5784" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me acaban de corregir dos veces en un documento, y me pongo muy odioso cuando me critican la redacción. Yo siempre he dicho &amp;quot;mismo de&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo sistema &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que instalarlo en el mismo servidor &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; otro sistema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me insisten en que es así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo sistema &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que instalarlo en el mismo servidor &lt;strong&gt;que el&lt;/strong&gt; otro sistema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T12:48:21.553" Title="¿&quot;Mismo de&quot; o &quot;mismo que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10400" CreationDate="2014-11-27T15:46:24.227" Score="6" ViewCount="15113" Body="&lt;p&gt;On Duolingo, I translated &quot;&lt;em&gt;I throw this&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo tiro este&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but it was wrong; the correct translation was &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo tiro esto&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But doesn't whether it's &quot;&lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; depend on the gender of the noun being referred to? If so, why is masculine (&quot;esto&quot;) inferred or assumed, when the noun is unspecified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T00:05:58.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T01:40:37.330" Title="Este o Esto. Which one to use, when, where, why?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10399" CreationDate="2014-11-27T16:11:20.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;neuter&lt;/strong&gt; form of &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;, which is masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, neuter pronouns are used to refer to something that has just been mentioned or that is about to be said, and also to ask or talk about statements, ideas, and vague or unnamed things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decir eso es tanto como no decir nada.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca olvides esto: tu familia siempre te apoyará. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué es aquello que se ve detrás de las montañas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your question (&lt;em&gt;tiro esto&lt;/em&gt;), it replaces &lt;em&gt;esta cosa&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;this thing&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7043" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T16:11:20.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10398" CreationDate="2014-11-27T17:05:18.357" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mismo, ma.  (Del lat. vulg. *metipsĭmus, combinación del elemento&#xA;  enfático -met, que se añadía a los prons. pers., y un sup. de ipse, el&#xA;  mismo).&#xA;  1. adj. Idéntico, no otro. Este pobre es el mismo a quien ayer socorrí. Esa espada es la misma que sirvió a mi padre.&#xA;  2. adj. Exactamente igual. De la misma forma. Del mismo color.&#xA;  3. adj. U., por pleonasmo, añadido a los pronombres personales y a algunos adverbios para dar más energía a lo que se dice. Yo mismo lo&#xA;  haré. Ella misma se condena. Hoy mismo lo veré. Aquí mismo te espero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las dos formas son correctas, pero no se pueden usar indistintamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo soy el mismo de siempre.&quot;  &quot;Yo soy el mismo que siempre (he sido).&quot; (Ambas correctas.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tengo el mismo que tú.&quot;  &quot;Tengo el mismo de tú.&quot; (La segunda es incorrecta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, de acuerdo a cómo continúe la oración es cómo se debe elegir una u otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T00:43:25.083" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T00:43:25.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10398" CreationDate="2014-11-27T18:31:30.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=apcQb0FGPD6m7ysHSu&quot;&gt;RAE para &quot;mismo/a&quot;&lt;/a&gt; indican en el punto 4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando forma parte de &lt;strong&gt;estructuras comparativas&lt;/strong&gt;, con el sentido de ‘igual’, bien con valor nominal (‘la misma cosa’), bien con valor adverbial (‘de la misma manera’), el segundo término de comparación va introducido por la conjunción &lt;strong&gt;'que'&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que este es el uso que estás haciendo en los dos ejemplos de tu pregunta. Así que sí, para comparar (entre sistemas o servidores, etc.) hay que usar &lt;code&gt;mismo que&lt;/code&gt; y no &lt;code&gt;mismo de&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-28T02:43:50.830" LastActivityDate="2014-11-28T02:43:50.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T20:26:09.737" Score="0" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El abogado probó que su defendido sería/era/había sido/había estado inocente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es de Josefa Martin Garcia.&#xA;No entiendo por qué usa &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de &lt;strong&gt;sería&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede usar el pluscuamperfecto aquí? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:42:08.773" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:42:08.773" Title="¿Por qué escribimos &quot;El abogado probó que su defendido 'era' inocente&quot; y no 'sería'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T20:33:48.457" Score="1" ViewCount="713" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uso de los verbos en el tiempo pasado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Recios golpes &lt;strong&gt;sonar&lt;/strong&gt; en la puerta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es de Josefa Martin Garcia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué usa el pretérito en vez del imperfecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-28T02:25:08.703" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T09:35:30.497" Title="Uso del imperfecto y pretérito" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T20:44:06.233" Score="2" ViewCount="856" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado escuchando una canción del género &lt;em&gt;salsa&lt;/em&gt; titulada &quot;Bolobonchi&quot;. La canción fue compuesta e interpretada por Joe Arroyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿Qué significa o qué es &lt;em&gt;Bolobonchi&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been listen to a salsa song from a signer called Joe Arroyo, and the name of the song is &quot;Bolobonchi&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;Bolobuchi&quot; mean, or what is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7046" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T17:25:54.930" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T17:25:54.930" Title="What does &quot;Bolobonchi&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10407" CreationDate="2014-11-27T20:46:58.537" Score="3" ViewCount="17898" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El seto era demasiado alto _____ el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es de Josefa Martin Garcia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que debe insertar &quot;por eso&quot; en vez de &quot;así que&quot;. Por qué es mejor o correcto usar &lt;code&gt;así que&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T15:53:36.227" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T15:53:36.227" Title="Uso de &quot;así que&quot; y &quot;por eso&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10406" CreationDate="2014-11-27T21:27:31.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambos cumplen exactamente la misma función. Son un conector de tipo &amp;quot;consecutivo&amp;quot;, es decir, su función es encabezar una frase que indica la consecuencia de lo dicho anteriormente. Las siguientes oraciones son equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;así que&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;por eso&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;por lo tanto&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;en consecuencia&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;por ende&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usan con mucha más frecuencia &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt;, que son conectores con una función más general (de tipo &amp;quot;copulativo&amp;quot;, simplemente &amp;quot;pegan&amp;quot; frases y el receptor del mensaje adivina la relación). Así que en el habla coloquial vas a escuchar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El seto era demasiado alto, &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; el jardinero lo recortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate dónde va la coma (&lt;strong&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt;). Va antes del conector o encerrándolo, no después como en tu ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T21:27:31.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10403" CreationDate="2014-11-27T23:25:31.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido usar el pretérito pluscuamperfecto (había sido). Eso significaría que el abogado intentaba demostrar que su cliente &quot;había sido inocente pero ya no lo era&quot;? Uno, de cara a la justicia, o es inocente o no lo es. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tiempo verbal que tienes que usar, dado que ya estás usando &quot;el abogado &lt;strong&gt;probó&lt;/strong&gt;, es el pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El abogado probó que su defendido &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; inocente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &quot;inocente&quot; se usa &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; y no &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T02:26:34.837" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T02:26:34.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10410" CreationDate="2014-11-27T23:34:41.510" Score="1" ViewCount="1385" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;lápida&lt;/strong&gt; viene de &quot;piedra&quot; (esto debido a las historias en que se &lt;em&gt;lapida&lt;/em&gt; a las adúlteras, o sea, se las mata a piedrazos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me surgió esta duda: ¿cuál es la relación entre el &lt;strong&gt;cementerio&lt;/strong&gt; y el &lt;strong&gt;cemento&lt;/strong&gt;? (lingüísticamente hablando, por supuesto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me imaginaba que se relaciona con el material del que están hechas las lápidas, pero ahora entiendo, como dije arriba, que las lápidas no son de cemento sino de piedra...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy muy perdido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-11-28T14:40:15.377" Title="¿Cuál es la relación entre el cementerio y el cemento?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-11-28T13:51:57.827" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10409" CreationDate="2014-11-28T01:17:30.867" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?cementerio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario etimológico&lt;/a&gt; te resuelve esta duda: hay quien afirma que la palabra &lt;code&gt;cementerio&lt;/code&gt; viene de &lt;code&gt;cemento&lt;/code&gt;, pues es ahí donde &quot;cementan&quot; a los muertos, pero la afirmación no es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cemento&lt;/code&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;caementa&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;piedra quebrada&quot; (y esta a su vez de &lt;em&gt;caedere&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;cortar, separar&quot; y del sufijo &lt;em&gt;mento&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cementerio&lt;/code&gt; viene del griego &lt;em&gt;koimitirion&lt;/em&gt; y significa &quot;dormitorio&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-28T14:40:15.377" LastActivityDate="2014-11-28T14:40:15.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10404" CreationDate="2014-11-28T02:24:15.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar tanto el pretérito indefinido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recios golpes &lt;strong&gt;sonaron&lt;/strong&gt; en la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como el pretérito imperfecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recios golpes &lt;strong&gt;sonaban&lt;/strong&gt; en la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre uno y otro? Ambos son pretéritos (la acción está terminada). El primero, el pretérito indefinido, se utiliza para acciones ya concluidas o para una acción sucedida en mitad de otra acción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los golpes &lt;strong&gt;sonaron&lt;/strong&gt; y luego sólo se oyó silencio. -o-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los golpes &lt;strong&gt;sonaron&lt;/strong&gt; mientras yo veía la televisión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El segundo, el pretérito imperfecto, se utiliza para acciones pasadas y enfatiza el aspecto de &lt;strong&gt;repetición y continuidad&lt;/strong&gt; en el tiempo (en el ejemplo, imagina que los golpes sonaban y sonaban y sonaban... Vamos, que estuvieron sonando durante un cierto tiempo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente la autora de la frase haya elegido el pretérito indefinido sobre el imperfecto para reflejar algo del tipo &quot;los golpes sólo se oyeron una vez&quot; y no &quot;los golpes se estuvieron oyendo por cierto tiempo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9685" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T09:35:30.497" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T09:35:30.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-11-28T14:00:52.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy español. En España &quot;badass&quot; referido a alguien se diría &quot;cabronazo&quot;. No es lo mismo que &quot;cabrón&quot;. &quot;Cabrón&quot; se dice en sentido peyorativo a alguien malo, perverso, despreciable. &quot;Cabronazo&quot; se dice en sentido positivo, a alguien travieso, bromista, burlón. También que tiene &quot;mala baba&quot; o &quot;mala uva&quot;. Si bien la raíz es la misma, la terminación &quot;azo&quot; le cambia el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7055" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-29T21:56:44.867" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T21:56:44.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3466" CreationDate="2014-11-28T21:42:31.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my honest opinion, it's better to attribute the idea of a &quot;badass&quot; as a quality that a person possesses (i.e. adjective) rather than a kind of person (noun).  In this light, the most appropriate word would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;machin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (accent on the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;).  It's like &quot;macho&quot;, but to the extreme!  Also, since it happens to contain &quot;chin&quot; in it, it has almost the feel of the explicative &quot;chingar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastActivityDate="2014-11-28T21:42:31.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3436" CreationDate="2014-11-29T13:56:26.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente creo que viene de los dos orar u ahora, es depende como lo utilices al conjugarlo resulta identico, pero es como se utiliza en la frase completa..por ejemplo: tienes qu orarle a dios...yo porque? Orale tu,orale andale. Ora imperativo dd verbo orar. Ora tu que te traes, ahi viene de ahora. Los chicanos lo utilizan solo en imperativo de verbo orar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el sufijo &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; es la declinación para &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;, segunda persona del plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7058" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T00:46:15.497" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T00:46:15.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10399" CreationDate="2014-11-29T14:25:00.607" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, I can say we use esto and este interchangeably sometimes, however, if I were to translate &quot;I throw this&quot; I would say &quot;Tiro esto&quot;, and instead I would say &quot;Tiro este&quot; if the original sentence was &quot;I throw this one&quot;. As you can see, the main difference is how specific is the subject you're talking about, and that, depends on context alone, which duolingo sometimes lack, since it gives you sentences to translate back and forth devoid of context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found this:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/114274/este-vs-esto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/114274/este-vs-esto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7059" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T01:40:37.330" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T01:40:37.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2014-11-29T15:49:11.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estimo que la expresión &lt;code&gt;capacitación&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a un proceso de adquisición o transmisión de conocimientos por un período relativamente corto para un aprendizaje, actualización, comprensión o conocimiento en algo concreto para ejercer el trabajo que realizas o vas a realizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Formación&lt;/code&gt;, sea en América Latina y el Caribe como en Europa, se emplea para comprender un programa de estudio pre o posgrado que implica varios años y para el cual la persona que lo recibe está capacitada y apta para desarrollarlo con éxito si pone de sí compromiso, responsabilidad, tenacidad, paciencia y dedicación responsable y estable. No se forma a nadie en varios días, ni semanas. Se requiere de un tiempo mayor de un año y sistematicidad coherente con el objetivo planteado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7060" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-11-29T16:22:59.663" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T16:22:59.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10421" CreationDate="2014-11-30T00:46:37.820" Score="5" ViewCount="10204" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras voy calificando algunos escritos de mis alumnos, he notado que a pesar de lo que les digo en clase, escriben cosas como «Me ducho en la mañana» o «salgo en la noche», frases en las cuales usaría exclusivamente «por» para referirme al período del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los libros de texto, tanto como mi experiencia, confirman que el uso normal es «por».  No obstante, sí que he escuchado el uso de «en» de un colega de Ecuador que me lo ha dicho un par de veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es normal y corriente decir cosas como «Lo haré en la mañana» o «Vuelvo de clase en la tarde»?  Y si es regional, ¿cómo se escucha cada forma en las zonas que usan la otra palabra?  Es decir, ¿suena raro, normal, dialectal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:19:56.303" LastActivityDate="2020-06-05T15:03:15.173" Title="«Por la mañana» frente a «en la mañana»" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;ecuador&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-11-30T01:15:48.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si trato de analizarlo siempre he dicho &quot;en la mañana/tarde/noche&quot;. Comparándolo con &quot;por la mañana&quot; no sabría decirte diferencia alguna, suenan exactamente igual para mí. La única diferencia que encuentro es que &quot;por la mañana&quot; suena un poco a textos escritos para mí y también describe a algo que va a suceder durante la mañana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana por la mañana tengo que hacer muchas cosas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la otra forma es más específica a un momento en especial pero la diferencia es ínfima. Aún así lo más común en México sería &quot;en la mañana&quot; pero si alguien dijera &quot;por la mañana&quot; no habría nada de extraño.  Sé que he dicho &quot;por la mañana&quot; pero lo que siempre acostumbro a decir/escuchar es &quot;en la mañana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T01:15:48.247" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-11-30T01:54:37.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, &quot;por la mañana&quot; es la forma más común de decirlo.&#xA;La otra variante es &quot;durante la mañana&quot;. No es común escuchar que alguien diga &quot;en la mañana/tarde/noche&quot;. A mi entender, el uso de &quot;por&quot; y &quot;durante&quot; da alguna especie de continuidad de lo que se tenga que hacer. El uso de &quot;en&quot; me parecería más relacionado con algo puntual que ya ocurrió o va a ocurrir. Por ejemplo, en un programa de radio es común escuchar cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;En la mañana de hoy vamos a tener&quot; o &quot;en la mañana de hoy tuvimos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo una gran diferencia, quizás la frecuencia del uso es más regional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sugiere el comentario,&#xA;&quot;A la mañana&quot; también es común. Por ejemplo, &quot;Mañana a la mañana voy a salir a correr&quot; o &quot;cuando vas a lavar los platos? Hoy a la noche&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="7031" LastEditDate="2020-06-05T15:03:15.173" LastActivityDate="2020-06-05T15:03:15.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10454" CreationDate="2014-11-30T04:44:49.920" Score="8" ViewCount="22710" Body="&lt;p&gt;Four different words, same meaning. Both according to Wiktionary as well as Google Images. Which one's preferred in regular speech in Mexico? I don't want to know what official dictionaries or RAE say. I want to know what people say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T16:32:16.510" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T14:02:23.210" Title="&quot;Gafas&quot; vs &quot;anteojos&quot; vs &quot;lentes&quot; vs &quot;espejuelos&quot; in Mexican Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10436" CreationDate="2014-11-30T10:35:13.293" Score="2" ViewCount="1789" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both mean &lt;em&gt;zipper&lt;/em&gt; but which one is prevalent in regular speech? Is there any subtle difference between the words as in the type of zipper they refer to? I am particularly interested in Mexican usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:51:18.980" Title="Zipper: &quot;cierre&quot; vs &quot;cremallera&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10459" CreationDate="2014-11-30T12:37:25.070" Score="5" ViewCount="14012" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo me parece curioso que, por poner tres ejemplos de paises que quedan a los extremos de la región hispanohablante, en España se diga &lt;em&gt;¡vale!&lt;/em&gt;, en Argentina &lt;em&gt;¡dale!&lt;/em&gt; y en México &lt;em&gt;¡sale!&lt;/em&gt; (al menos en la connotación de asentimiento, las tres coinciden):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Voy a tomarte una cerveza del refrigerador&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: ¡Ah vale/sale/dale!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún origen concreto detrás de su forma parecida &lt;code&gt;*ale&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2021-05-02T07:11:01.337" Title="Sale, vale y dale ¿Hay algo detrás de su parecido?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10434" CreationDate="2014-11-30T13:20:10.963" Score="5" ViewCount="1800" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always knew that &lt;strong&gt;tengo ganas de&lt;/strong&gt; is the way you translate &quot;&lt;em&gt;feels like&lt;/em&gt;&quot; into Spanish. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo ganas de ir al cine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I feel like going to the movies&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But today, I came across the following sentence somewhere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué cuando tomas se antoja fumar?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why do you feel like smoking when you drink?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they exactly the same thing? If so, what's the preferred usage in regular speech? If there's any regional variance, what's the preference in Mexican Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T20:44:35.427" Title="&quot;Antojarse&quot; vs &quot;tener ganas de&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10428" CreationDate="2014-11-30T15:48:58.447" Score="5" ViewCount="3560" Body="&lt;p&gt;In German you say &quot;sich die Haare schneiden&quot;. You use the plural of hair in this case, on the other hand in English you say &quot;to cut hair&quot;, you use the singular. How is it handled in Spanish?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;cortar el pelo&quot;, &quot;cortar los pelos&quot;, or something really different? I really have a hard time with this. Any help is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7063" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T13:54:16.240" Title="Do I use &quot;pelo&quot; or &quot;pelos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10427" CreationDate="2014-11-30T15:54:11.327" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pelo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish exists as both a countable noun and an uncountable noun as it is in English (I'm not familiar with German, unfortunately).  That is, normally when used in the singular, it will be interpreted as a mass of hair, viewed collectively.  In the plural, and occasionally in the singular given proper context, each strand of hair is viewed distinctively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene pelo azul&lt;/em&gt;.  He has blue hair.  (all of it is blue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene unos pelos azules&lt;/em&gt;.  He has a few (strands of) blue hair.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene solo un pelo&lt;/em&gt;.  He has but one (strand of) hair.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T15:54:11.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10426" CreationDate="2014-11-30T18:08:37.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, no queda claro si lo que estás queriendo es traducir del inglés al español o del español al inglés. En particular no pensaría que la traducción directa de &quot;tener ganas de&quot; es &quot;feels like&quot;.&#xA;En mi opinión, feels like se relaciona mucho más con lo sensorial mientras que &quot;tener ganas de&quot; está en otro plano que lo relaciono más con el querer. Por eso pensaría que si pregunto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;¿Tienes ganas de ir al cine hoy?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Lo traduzco como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Do you want to go to the movies today?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manteniendo la forma en la que te expresaste, la traducción directa sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why do you feel like smoking when you drink?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué cuando tomas se te antoja fumar?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parecen equivalentes, aunque el &quot;antoja&quot; encierra cierta connotación negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2014-11-30T18:08:37.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10426" CreationDate="2014-11-30T23:19:15.110" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antojarse&lt;/code&gt; is of the olvidarse/perderse group of reflexive verbs where the subject is at fault.  The subject of the sentence is the desire.  It is an overwhelming, enveloping, or even possibly a far-fetched way to express a desire.  It is a desire that occurs, that affects, that comes over you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it's cold, you often feel like putting on a jacket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're sick, you crave something like an aspirin to help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're starving; famished, you feel like eating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antoja manejar mi carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antoja tocar la guitarra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antoja cocinar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antoja una cerveza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me antojan encurtidos metidos en helado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;gana&lt;/code&gt; is a desire, literally.  So it isn't any kind of idiom when you slap &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt; in front of it.  So translated, it is literally &lt;code&gt;I have desires to...&lt;/code&gt;.  It's a bit more personal, it's more long-lived, it's a personal goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to go to Disneyland! &lt;em&gt;--indicates a set goal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de hacer paracaídas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de ver esa película.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de bailar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de irme de aquí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately though, they are more or less interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T14:00:34.070" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T14:00:34.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10424" CreationDate="2014-12-01T00:18:05.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cierre is an easier, lazier way to refer to zipper.  It literally means close; a conjugation of to close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cremallera is actually a zipper, the mechanism use to join openings in fabrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T00:18:05.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10425" CreationDate="2014-12-01T01:07:17.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question has often plagued me as well.  I don't have a definitive answer for you, but I might be able to free-write my way into a helpful explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Sale, vale, and dale&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I have never used &lt;code&gt;Dale&lt;/code&gt; in this group of contextual words, I'll just assume it extends this idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, when we understand something, or we want to say yes without saying &lt;code&gt;yes&lt;/code&gt;.. or pretty much anything at all, we say &lt;code&gt;Uh-huh&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Mhmm&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Ahh&lt;/code&gt;.. Which are very similar to saying &lt;code&gt;Ok&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;right&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;yep&lt;/code&gt;, and so on.  They all emphasize an affirmation.  Often, such an affirmation is an indicator for the speaker to continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : I'm going to need 4 beers, 3 cups,....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Listener : Mmhmm (sale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : 2 straws.... .....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Listener : ... uh-huh (vale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : ....and 1 bottle of rum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Listener : Gotcha! (dale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words can also be used to question someone's understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : In order to shoot the gun, it needs to have a bullet.  Got it? (vale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : The bullet is the key to shooting guns.  Understand? (sale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaker : After the next traffic light, make a left, Ok? (dale)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the reason for using the verbs: valer, salir, and dar for the base of these words; I can only guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They most definitely have their regional usages, though I am unsure which ones are used where.  I am not a native speaker, and I have only ever been to Mexico; other than my own country.  While studying in Mexico, our teacher would often say &lt;code&gt;¿Sale vale?&lt;/code&gt; after one of her educational statements.  I questioned her about it one time, while she was explaining the use of &lt;code&gt;sale&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;vale&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;dale&lt;/code&gt;...  She answered saying that she wanted to be sure to use both to avoid any confusion...  essentially translating her &lt;code&gt;sale vale&lt;/code&gt; into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Got it? Good!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T01:14:44.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10424" CreationDate="2014-12-01T01:24:28.630" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain is much more common to hear &lt;code&gt;cremallera&lt;/code&gt;. You could use &lt;code&gt;cierre&lt;/code&gt; and people would still understand you, provided that there is enough context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me ha enganchado el cierre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, the definition of &lt;code&gt;cremallera&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el &lt;strong&gt;cierre&lt;/strong&gt; que se aplica a una abertura longitudinal cierre en prendas de vestir o bolsos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which implies that other pieces of clothing without a zipper can be said to have a &quot;cierre&quot;, which may consist in buttons, velcro or other things. Actually it seems that in some places, like Argentina, Perú and Uruguay the &lt;code&gt;cremallera&lt;/code&gt; is known as &lt;strong&gt;cierre relámpago&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremallera_%28indumentaria%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; the zipper is known as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cremallera&lt;/code&gt; in Spain and Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cierre&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;cierre relámpago&lt;/em&gt;) in Paraguay, Argentina, Ecuador, &lt;strong&gt;Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Perú, Venezuela and Uruguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Zíper&lt;/code&gt; or zipper in Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras Nicaragua, Panamá and Dominican Republic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T13:51:18.980" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:51:18.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10423" CreationDate="2014-12-01T01:56:42.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ray-ban.com/mexico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ray-Ban&lt;/a&gt; site for Mexico is using &lt;code&gt;gafas de sol&lt;/code&gt; for sunglasses, but &lt;code&gt;lentes&lt;/code&gt; for the lenses. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.costco.com.mx/view/category/mx_catalog/cos_3,cos_3.11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Costo México&lt;/a&gt; seems to be using &lt;code&gt;lentes&lt;/code&gt; for both seeing glasses and sunglasses. It seems Mexican Spanish favors &lt;code&gt;lentes&lt;/code&gt; but they understand both &lt;code&gt;gafas&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;lentes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want additional info about other speaking countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In his song &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Navaja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedro Navaja&lt;/a&gt; the Panamanian salsa singer &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Blades&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rubén Baldes&lt;/a&gt; sings that &lt;em&gt;Pedro Navaja&lt;/em&gt; uses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lentes oscuros pa' que no sepan que está mirando &lt;sub&gt; sunglasses so they don't know what he is looking at &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lentes&lt;/code&gt; is widely used and understood in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, where I'm from,  we use &lt;code&gt;gafas&lt;/code&gt; for seeing glasses, sunglasses and even googles and the like (gafas de bucear). If you are putting them in your face, they are called &lt;code&gt;gafas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=P67RForoCDXX2vsgss6f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lente&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (in singular) can be used for each one of the glasses that are part of an optic instrument, such a telescope. Although &lt;code&gt;lentes&lt;/code&gt; in plural, could be understood as a word used to refer to eyeglasses, spaniards don't use this word to refer to eyeglasses. &quot;lentillas&quot; is a way to designate contact lenses (lentes de contacto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lentes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;anteojos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;espejuelos&lt;/em&gt; sound archaic in the Castilian Spanish. Hearing the word makes me think of really old fashioned glasses. To add confusion, according to the DRAE the &quot;espejuelos&quot; can also be the lenses that are put in the &quot;anteojos&quot;, but can be understood as a synonym of anteojos too (as opposed to the gafas, which are &lt;em&gt;cristales&lt;/em&gt; put in a &lt;em&gt;montura&lt;/em&gt; (frame). It seems that &lt;em&gt;gafa&lt;/em&gt; (in singular) can also be understood as the piece used to hold the &lt;em&gt;anteojos&lt;/em&gt; to your ears).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T22:26:57.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10427" CreationDate="2014-12-01T02:49:42.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case you should use just &amp;quot;pelo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Im going to get my hair cut.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Me voy a cortar el pelo.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7068" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T02:49:42.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10443" CreationDate="2014-12-01T03:26:04.380" Score="1" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across a comment on Facebook that went like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mira te presumo mis dientes de marfil.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Google the sentence translates as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I think my teeth look like ivory.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I know &lt;strong&gt;presumir&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to presume&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;dientes&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;teeth&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;marfil&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;ivory&lt;/em&gt;, I am still having a hard time understanding the syntax. Why does the sentence start with &lt;strong&gt;mirar&lt;/strong&gt;? And shouldn't we have &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;? Another thing, what's the &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; there for when the sentence has nobody in the second person?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T12:34:20.763" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:04:38.583" Title="How does &quot;presumir&quot; work in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10446" CreationDate="2014-12-01T03:35:30.797" Score="8" ViewCount="33956" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard the following words in various contexts to refer to &lt;em&gt;breasts&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;seno&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;pecho&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;busto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mama&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;chichi&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;teta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to understand what the finer differences in nuances are among their usage while referring to breasts. They cannot all carry exactly the same connotation. I am not concerned about any other meaning any of them might carry; for example, &lt;strong&gt;pecho&lt;/strong&gt; also refers to a male chest but I am only bothered with its usage while referring to breasts. What is a native speaker most likely to use while referring to breasts in regular conversation, and in what context? How would you rank them in the order of formality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please mention your country in case there's any regional specificity to the usage you suggest. Latin American or Mexican usage are particularly welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-02-11T07:22:07.823" LastActivityDate="2020-02-11T07:22:07.823" Title="Spanish for &quot;breasts&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10441" CreationDate="2014-12-01T04:09:32.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mira te presumo mis dientes de marfil&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence translates to something along this lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And now, without further ado, I present to you my ivory teeth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey! Check out my ivory teeth!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of presumir in this sentence is used to express vanity...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Cuidar mucho su arreglo para parecer atractiva.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=hjrhXgxCHDXX2nXPJtbi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=hjrhXgxCHDXX2nXPJtbi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So really, it is like literally saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Look, I am showing off my ivory teeth to you&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T04:16:02.277" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10442" CreationDate="2014-12-01T04:40:11.557" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed they do all refer to the same thing, but you are right, they do all have different connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Seno - Cleavage&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The space between the breasts; The space between the chest and a woman's shirt.  &lt;code&gt;Seno&lt;/code&gt; refers to this area, and you might possibly bring it up when a woman grabs her wallet from inside her shirt; or change, a cellphone, tampons, whatever... it's like a pocket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pecho - Chest&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The area where the breasts are; the chest.  If I am looking at a woman's chest, I am pretty much staring at her boobs.  So use this one when you are referring to that general area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Busto - Bust&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Measurement.  Plain and simple.  It can also be used to describe a woman's boobs that are very big; so big that they stretch her shirt out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mama - Mammary&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never heard anyone use this.  Since I am not a native speaker though, I can only assume things.  The use of motherly words is often used to express vulgarity, so this could be a very vulgar use for the word.  Or, it is just short for mammary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chichi - Boobie&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard this used before, and it was at a party in Mexico.  The word was spoken by an English girl so there's no telling where she was influenced to use that word, but I heard it.  It was used in the same context as &lt;code&gt;boobies&lt;/code&gt; in English; to be cute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Teta - Tit&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, this word is usually thrown around misogynistically.  I have heard and understand the word &lt;code&gt;teta&lt;/code&gt; to be equal to our &lt;code&gt;tit&lt;/code&gt;.  It's sexual undertones make it an arousing word to use.  And on the other hand, cows have tits too.  Tits are where the milk comes from! :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each word is completely different from one another.  Being a non-native speaker, I can't exactly narrow down regional usage for you, but I can point out their differences like I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T04:40:11.557" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10447" CreationDate="2014-12-01T08:10:29.977" Score="6" ViewCount="7947" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both translate as &lt;em&gt;ring&lt;/em&gt;. Is there a difference in connotation? Or is it just a matter of dialect? To further confuse things, I have even heard &lt;strong&gt;anilla&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;aro&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:13:27.377" Title="Ring: &quot;anillo&quot; vs &quot;sortija&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2014-12-22T00:53:21.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10442" CreationDate="2014-12-01T08:49:12.540" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spain usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;pecho&lt;/strong&gt; can be considered an exact equivalent of the English &lt;em&gt;breast&lt;/em&gt;; you can use it uncountably (the front part of your thorax) or countably (women have two of them). It is a neutral word and can be used safely in any context. &lt;em&gt;To breastfeed&lt;/em&gt; also translates as &lt;strong&gt;dar el pecho&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Seno&lt;/strong&gt; can have several meanings. It can be your lap, a woman's womb (&lt;strong&gt;seno materno&lt;/strong&gt;), but also each breast of a woman; in this case, it is a somewhat prudish word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Busto&lt;/strong&gt; is used mainly to refer to the general area of the breasts in a woman. You could use this word, for instance, when you are talking about the breast size in a neutral way, such as in the fashion industry. This also refers to the bust of a statue, i.e. the portion including the head and the thorax; for example, &quot;El busto de Simon Bolivar.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mama&lt;/strong&gt; is used as a technical word in medicine or biology. &lt;em&gt;Breast cancer&lt;/em&gt; can be called &lt;strong&gt;cáncer de pecho&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;cáncer de mama&lt;/strong&gt;, for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chichi&lt;/strong&gt; would not mean &lt;em&gt;breast&lt;/em&gt; in Spain; in fact, it is a slang word for &lt;em&gt;vagina&lt;/em&gt;. Yes, this usage is very different from that in other Spanish speaking areas, where it does indeed mean &lt;em&gt;breast&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teta&lt;/strong&gt; can be used in a variety of contexts. It is the most usual word for a &lt;em&gt;breast&lt;/em&gt; in a colloquial environment and it is not necessarily derogatory. For instance, a breastfeeding infant can be called a &lt;strong&gt;niño de teta&lt;/strong&gt;. In other Spanish speaking countries it can be considered a vulgar word, but not so in Spain, though it is not usual in a formal context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T13:16:41.113" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T13:16:41.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10445" CreationDate="2014-12-01T09:16:24.497" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both, anillo and sortija are valid words for ring. However, sortija is commonly used for women's jewelry rings, and never for engagement rings. It has a &quot;cheap&quot; connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's summarize the answer with the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anillo: The most usual way to call any jewelry ring. It can also be used with different circular objects outside the scope of jewelry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aro: Can be used for jewelry rings, however is not usual. It's usual scope is to name circular objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anilla: Not used for jewelry rings. Usually refers to different tools of metal pieces with a circular form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sortija: Ring of cheap jewelry, used only for women worn rings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alianza: Wedding ring, for men and women, however is more usually used just for men wedding rings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anillo de compromiso: Engagement ring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="2214" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T09:33:59.153" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T09:33:59.153" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2014-12-01T12:15:42.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually one uses &quot;estar&quot;  to describe a non-permanent characteristic or something subject to changing its state. &quot;Ser&quot; is used to describe something permanent or an inherent characteristic of something. But in this case, &quot;estar muerto&quot;, you need to use the verb &quot;estar&quot; because &quot;estar muerto&quot; comes from the participle form of the verb &quot;morir = él ha muerto&quot; so almost any adjetive or characteristic that comes from the participle of a verb uses &quot;estar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, a window can be open or closed, it is not permanent. But you say &quot;la ventana ESTÁ abierta, la ventana ESTÁ cerrada&quot; because &quot;abierta/abierto&quot; is the participle of &quot;abrir&quot; as &quot;cerrada/cerrado&quot; is the participle of &quot;cerrar&quot;. If you use the verb &quot;ser&quot; with these participles then you are using the passive voice. So if you say &quot;él está muerto&quot;= he is dead; &quot;él es muerto&quot; would be something like &quot;he is being killed&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7074" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-10T08:22:38.840" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T08:22:38.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10441" CreationDate="2014-12-01T17:04:38.583" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mira te presumo mis dientes de marfil. is grammatically incorrect and makes no sense in Spanish.  It's either a typo and the person meant to write 'presento' or he doesn't know howo to use the verb 'presumir'  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A correct sentence using 'presumir de' would be: 'Presumo de dientes de marfil', which means 'I boast of having white-ivory teeth'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If he wanted to use the verb 'presento', as in 'Mira, te presento mis dientes de marfil' the sentence would mean 'Look, meet my white-ivory teeth'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:04:38.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2014-12-01T17:12:35.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's because you use &quot;ser&quot; + participle when it's passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The fire was put out by him.&#xA;  (El fuego fue apagado por él.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you use &quot;estar&quot; in other cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm very bored right now.&#xA;  (Ahora mismo estoy muy aburrido.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I side note, we never say &quot;es muerto&quot;. It's sounds unidiomatic and I don't even think it would make any sense when writing poetry either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T17:51:20.700" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:51:20.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8787" CreationDate="2014-12-01T17:22:00.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, but not usually when we want to refer to electic power. When I think of &quot;luces&quot; I think of the lights they put on stages at concerts or venues. &quot;Se fueron las luces&quot; gives me the feeling that the lights moved out of sight, while &quot;se apagaron las luces&quot; means they were turned off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that we also say &quot;se fue la luz&quot; when we want to say that there's a blackout or that the power in a building went out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:22:00.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10405" CreationDate="2014-12-01T17:49:08.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;code&gt;Bolobonchi&lt;/code&gt; no pertenece al idioma español. No sólo no se encuentra en el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, sino que no hay referencias a otros usos de esta palabra fuera de la canción de José Arroyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la canción, Arroyo usa tanto &lt;code&gt;Bolobonchi&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;Bonchi&lt;/code&gt; e incluso &quot;calle Abonchi&quot; para completar la rima. &quot;Bolobonchi&quot; es una palabra &lt;s&gt;inventada&lt;/s&gt; &lt;em&gt;traída de otro idioma&lt;/em&gt; para esta canción, una expresión pegadiza y desenfadada sin un significado real. Es comparable a otras expresiones en canciones sin ningún significado real como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/lasketchup/aserejspanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;aserejé&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (donde algunos creyeron escuchar un significado real, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.escepticospr.com/Archivos/asereje.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;a ser hereje&quot;&lt;/a&gt;) o &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metrolyrics.com/do-wah-diddy-diddy-lyrics-manfred-mann.html.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Do wah diddy, diddy, dum diddy do.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T21:26:39.260" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T21:26:39.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10423" CreationDate="2014-12-01T20:07:51.510" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In North México we say &quot;lentes&quot; for glasses, and &quot;lentes de sol / lentes oscuros&quot; for sunglasses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T15:01:48.650" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T15:01:48.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-01T21:34:47.587" Score="2" ViewCount="1384" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the right way to abbreviate a term in a semi-formal essay in spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literature that I'm citing specifies the term &lt;code&gt;TCO&lt;/code&gt; that means Total cost of ownership, so I want to write in spanish something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El costo total de propiedad (CTP o TCO del inglés Total cost of ownership)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I don't think that's the right way to write it. I have to follow APA style as closely as possible, but APA doesn't specify anything in this matter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help pointing me to the right direction is greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7048" LastEditorUserId="7048" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T22:33:51.990" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T13:25:30.440" Title="How to write abbreviations in spanish with a foreign explanation?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10455" CreationDate="2014-12-01T21:48:18.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coste_total_de_propiedad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTP&lt;/code&gt; for this concept&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can create the abbreviation you see fit, as long as you follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=abreviatura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the given rules&lt;/a&gt;. Among them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always end the abbreviation for a word (in which you eliminated either some letters or syllabus) with a period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abbreviations can't appear freely in the text. Title abbreviations appear before the name and you can't write a quantity in letter followed by the abbreviation for the concept (&lt;em&gt;like veinte mts.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The abbreviation must be effective, and eliminate at least two letters of each word either by getting rid of the last letters (never ending in a vowel) or of the middle ones, leaving the most representatives (dpto. for &quot;departamento&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other rules, about &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8759/5481&quot;&gt;pluralization&lt;/a&gt; and orthography that don't apply to your example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to these rules &lt;code&gt;C.T.P.&lt;/code&gt; should be a fine abbreviation for &lt;code&gt;Costo Total de la Propiedad&lt;/code&gt; (and not CTP, since an abbreviation need to end with the period). I want to remark that, as an example for those rules, you will find that something like &quot;coste, flete y seguro&quot; is abbreviated as &quot;c.f.s.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About including a foreign terms, if you can, avoid using two different terms in your essay (Spanish and English one). You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TCO del inglés &lt;em&gt;Total Cost of Ownership&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has admitted CD (and not C.D.) for compact disc. In this case is not an abbreviation, you are just using the initials to form an acronym (the initials of a foreign term are not changed when the term is &lt;em&gt;absorbed&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T13:25:30.440" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10427" CreationDate="2014-12-01T22:29:59.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My advice is that you should say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me voy a cortar el &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cabello.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/cabello&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cabello:&lt;/a&gt; Cada uno de los pelos que nacen en la cabeza de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/pelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pelo:&lt;/a&gt; Filamento cilíndrico, delgado,de naturaleza córnea, que nace y crece entre los poros de la piel de casi todos los mamíferos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;strong&gt;cabello&lt;/strong&gt; is the &lt;em&gt;set of individual cylindrical filaments that grows from the skin.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you consider say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me voy a / &lt;em&gt;cortar el pelo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be understood that you only cut a single &lt;em&gt;filament.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10428/5764&quot;&gt;Guifa's comment&lt;/a&gt; is aceptable too, but I want make a emphasis between these concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; In Colombia I often use too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/peluquear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Peluquear:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Cortar el pelo a alguien. &lt;em&gt;Ir a la peluquería para recibir un corte de cabello.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;(own definition).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej: Me voy a &lt;em&gt;peluquear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above sentence is a regional way of say too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me voy a cortar el cabello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T13:54:16.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10455" CreationDate="2014-12-01T23:13:58.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The DPD actually tackles this subject directly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SIGLA.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6.&lt;/strong&gt; Hispanización de las siglas. Siempre que sea posible, se hispanizarán las siglas: &lt;em&gt;OTAN&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;NATO&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;ONU&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;UNO&lt;/em&gt;. Solo en casos de difusión general de la sigla extranjera y dificultad para hispanizarla, o cuando se trate de nombres comerciales, se mantendrá la forma original: &lt;em&gt;Unesco&lt;/em&gt;, sigla de -United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization*; &lt;em&gt;CD-ROM&lt;/em&gt;, sigla de &lt;em&gt;Compact Disc Read-Only Memory&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;IBM&lt;/em&gt;, sigla de &lt;em&gt;International Business Machines&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco deben hispanizarse las siglas de realidades que se circunscriben a un país extranjero, sin correspondencia en el propio: &lt;em&gt;IRA&lt;/em&gt;, sigla de &lt;em&gt;Irish Republic Army&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;KGB&lt;/em&gt;, sigla de &lt;em&gt;Komitet Gosudárstvennoy Bezopásnosti&lt;/em&gt;. La primera vez que se emplea una sigla en un texto, y salvo que sea de difusión tan generalizada que se sepa fácilmente interpretable por la inmensa mayoría de los lectores, es conveniente poner a continuación, y entre paréntesis, el nombre completo al que reemplaza y, si es una sigla extranjera, su traducción o equivalencia: &lt;em&gt;DEA&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Drug Enforcement Administration&lt;/em&gt;, departamento estadounidense de lucha contra las drogas); o bien escribir primero la traducción o equivalencia, poniendo después la sigla entre paréntesis: &lt;em&gt;la Unión Nacional Africana de Zimbabue (ZANU)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also very commonly seen is the expression &quot;por sus siglas en [idioma]&quot;.  You could put the two of these together and say something like (since you intend to use the Spanish version more often) the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;… el coste total de propiedad (CTP, o por sus siglas en inglés, &lt;em&gt;TCO&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;total cost of ownership&lt;/em&gt;) …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason the Spanish term weren't a literal translation of the foreign term, you could (if you felt it necessary) add in a Spanish translation after the foreign term.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, however you do it, do note that nowadays, the recommendation in the DPD is to write acronyms and other initialisms without periods, unless the surrounding text is all caps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trabajo en la &lt;strong&gt;ONU&lt;/strong&gt; como embajador.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  TRABAJO EN LA &lt;strong&gt;O.N.U.&lt;/strong&gt; COMO EMBAJADOR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T23:13:58.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10425" CreationDate="2014-12-01T23:50:06.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo sensatos, se trata de una coincidencia...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si se me permite agregar una especulación bien forzada, podemos considerar que, a pesar de que &lt;em&gt;vale, sale&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dale&lt;/em&gt; tienen una función gramatical específica, en este caso se están usando como simples interjecciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vale&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sale&lt;/em&gt; no se usan como conjugaciones de valer y salir. &lt;em&gt;Dale&lt;/em&gt; no es el imperativo de dar más el pronombre le. Son apenas vocalizaciones que dan a entender que la comunicación ha estado funcionando satisfactoriamente, okey, claro, mmm, sí pue...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no son las únicas interjecciones terminadas en -le:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;órale, híjole, éjale, ¡sale y vale!, ándale&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez la terminación -le nos resulta &quot;cómoda&quot; para vocalizar, cuando no es necesario dar mensajes complejos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puede ser que necesitemos personalizar las exclamaciones agregando un pronombre de tercera, gramaticamente superfluo pero con algún valor connotativo, tal como hace la terminación &lt;em&gt;it!&lt;/em&gt; en los insultos de angloparlantes, que aluden a un &quot;ello&quot; desconocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-02T00:39:09.613" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T00:39:09.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10405" CreationDate="2014-12-02T01:38:23.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una  una &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jitanj%C3%A1fora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jitanjáfora&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se denomina jitanjáfora a un enunciado lingüístico constituido por&#xA;  palabras o expresiones que en su mayor parte son inventadas y carecen&#xA;  de significado en sí mismas. En una obra literaria, su función poética&#xA;  radica en sus valores fónicos, que pueden cobrar sentido en relación&#xA;  con el texto en su conjunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T12:36:13.187" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T12:36:13.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2014-12-02T07:27:03.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the North of Mexico we always say &quot;aquí&quot; even when we say &quot;ven aqui&quot; and we also use &quot;allá&quot; instead of &quot;allí&quot; but in the south of Mexico and most of south America &quot;acá&quot; is used. What is correct depends on where you are. By the way I'm in Monterrey very close to the US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7082" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:45:05.623" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:45:05.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2014-12-02T14:11:27.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the official name is &lt;code&gt;et&lt;/code&gt; but in the real world, at least in Mexico, this is a symbol very related to the English language. Since &lt;code&gt;et&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt; shortened the translation to Spanish is &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;, this makes that in spoken language is usual to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;i inglesa. (&quot;ee&quot; pronunciation for i)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally &lt;em&gt;English i&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find out that people doesn't understand you while saying &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; you can try this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T14:11:27.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2014-12-02T15:08:52.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain &lt;code&gt;fregadero&lt;/code&gt; is the one you have in your kitchen and you use to wash your dishes. Although &lt;code&gt;pila&lt;/code&gt; can be understood as a synonym of &lt;code&gt;fregadero&lt;/code&gt;, Spaniards would favor the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué quieres que haga con estos platos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Déjalos en la pila / Déjalos en el fregadero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pila&amp;quot; is a concave and deep piece of stone (or steel or other material) where you put water for different uses. You could find a &amp;quot;pila&amp;quot; in a church (known as &lt;em&gt;pila bautismal&lt;/em&gt;). Also, note that when you are asking somebody to &amp;quot;dejar los platos en la pila&amp;quot; it could also have the double meaning of &amp;quot;leave them in the &lt;strong&gt;stack&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, if you are putting plates on top of each other in order to be washed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spaniards tend to use the word &lt;code&gt;lavabo&lt;/code&gt; to refer to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavabo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sink in the bathroom&lt;/a&gt; (where you would wash your hands). You could also hear &amp;quot;la pila del baño&amp;quot;, to refer to &amp;quot;lavabo&amp;quot;, but again most people would favor &amp;quot;lavabo&amp;quot; over &amp;quot;pila&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;lavabo&amp;quot; is also how the bathroom can be know when it doesn't have a shower or bath (has just the sink and a toilet). Most bathrooms in Spain have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bid%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;bidé&lt;/code&gt; (to wash other things)&lt;/a&gt;. A &lt;em&gt;bidé&lt;/em&gt; could be understood as another &lt;em&gt;pila&lt;/em&gt;, but it receives that name (etymology from the French &lt;em&gt;bidet&lt;/em&gt;, the name of a breed of small horses).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T18:08:03.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2014-12-02T17:11:06.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was born and raised in Madrid (or &lt;em&gt;Madrí&lt;/em&gt; as we say it) so I fit in the OP example. I'll give you some areas to focus on if you want to pass for a Madrileño. These are the things that surprise me (in a good way) as a native when hearing a foreigner speaking Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They use only the 5 five pure vowel sounds (a e i o u). No mutating vowels like the do in English. For example, not pronouncing &quot;No creo que ...&quot; like &quot;Nou creou quei ...&quot;.&#xA;In other Spanish regions they have more vowel sounds (open vs closed, intermediate vowels)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Their Bs and Vs sound exactly the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They can pronounce properly our &quot;hard consonants&quot; i.e. strong R and J.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They use our 'S' sound. We don't do it with the tongue near the teeth like in English or even some parts of South America but a little bit more on the palate. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They can use the Z properly. In Madrid (native) people do not mix S/Z sounds but you will find people in Madrid from the south or other countries that use only S or only Z.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro tips (if you want to pass for Madrileño in the street):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They use the common intonation. I don't know how to describe it but when you compare the intonation with people from Galicia, La Mancha, Basque Country, Andalusia, etc. you'll see the differences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They leave out the d in some participles: &quot;Hoy estoy cansa(d)o&quot;, &quot;el coche esta aparca(d)o&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They mutate s to h/j when it appears before a k sound. The infamous &quot;ej que&quot; (I'm guilty of that one) ;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other regional variation you should try to identify and replicate similar quirks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-02T17:54:57.583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T17:54:57.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10403" CreationDate="2014-12-02T17:45:48.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí se puede usar, pero tiene significado diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero, &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Ser&lt;/code&gt; se utiliza cuando el sujeto se puede identificar con el atributo y puedes definir al sujeto por el atributo. Es una característica constante en la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre seré inglés y a mi se me puede identificar como inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; es una situación temporal a una característica temporal de la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy estoy cansado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy, y solamente hoy, estoy cansado y es posible que sea una persona que generalmente tiene mucha energía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, la característica es ser inocente. Si es algo temporal sería &quot;estaba considerado inocente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto los tiempos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pretérito imperfecto es usado refiriéndose a una acción pasada con relación a la otra acción. Se usa cuando la acción se produce simultáneamente a la acción pasada. Es decir, son acciones muy próximas en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfatizando este ejemplo yo pondría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; El abogado probó AYER que su defendido era inocente&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pluscuamperfecto se refiere a una acción muy anterior a la acción descrita en la frase. En tu ejemplo y cambiándolo radicalmente un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; El abogado probó que Napoleón había sido inocente en realidad&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso en esta frase el imperfecto tendría sentido, como ves, para usar el pluscuamperfecto cambias el significado de la frase, enfatizando un poco el tiempo pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7086" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-02T18:05:29.857" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T18:05:29.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2014-12-02T19:49:12.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case there are some other people asking this question, here are my two cents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the software packages that claim to help you learn Spanish come with a &quot;reading test&quot; feature that uses the microphone and scores your effort.  This is very useful, even if it's far from perfect.  And it won't tell you what you are doing right or wrong.  It just tells you whether or not you are improving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T19:49:12.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2014-12-02T20:16:25.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia we refer to a sink as &lt;strong&gt;lavaplatos&lt;/strong&gt;,  the place where dishes are washed,  instead of a device to wash dishes,  to which we refer as &lt;strong&gt;maquina lavaloza&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T20:16:25.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-12-03T02:57:33.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque en las frases de la pregunta no se nota la diferencia, las preposiciones &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; tienen un significado bien diferente cuando se refieren al tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a un momento puntual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a un tiempo aproximado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia se ve más clara en estas otras oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los problemas llegaron &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; Septiembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los problemas llegaron &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; Septiembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por Septiembre&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;más o menos en Septiembre&lt;/em&gt;, o cerca de esa fecha. En este caso también se usa la preposición &lt;strong&gt;hacia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T02:57:33.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10399" CreationDate="2014-12-03T03:23:32.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; (m.), &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; (f.), they play as adjectives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;éste&lt;/em&gt; (m.), &lt;em&gt;ésta&lt;/em&gt; (f.), &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt; (n.), they play as sustantives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples (well formed)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Yo como esta fruta. —¿Cuál fruta? —Ésta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Yo bebo este licor. —¿Cuál licor? —Éste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Me golpearon con una cosa. —¿Con qué? —Con esto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo tiro esta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, the phrase is incomplete, if you say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yo tiro ésta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; you are making reference to some feminine substantive which is implicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can use the neutral one, when you are talking about something without naming it. If you say &quot;&lt;em&gt;una cosa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (a thing), &quot;&lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (something), etc. or you never name it, you can use it, but you have to give some indications (like pointing the object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Hola, ¿qué te pasó? —Me golpeé la cabeza. —¿Con qué? —Con esto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand it better, you could use &lt;strong&gt;syntactic analysis&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;S:*Sujeto* (subject)&#xA;P: *Predicado* (predicate)&#xA;N: *Núcleo* (noun?)&#xA;OD: *Objeto directo* (direct object)&#xA;MD: *Modificador directo* (direct modifier)&#xA;&#xA;/¯S¯\ /¯¯¯¯¯¯P¯¯¯¯¯¯\&#xA;  Yo  como esta fruta.    &#xA;  N    V    MD    N&#xA;           \___OD___/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The previous phrase has no sens without &quot;&lt;em&gt;fruta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; needs to modify something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/¯S¯\ /¯¯¯¯¯¯P¯¯¯¯¯¯\&#xA;  Yo  como esta   ….    &#xA;  N    V    MD    N&#xA;           \___OD___/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, you can use &lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;sta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/¯S¯\ /¯¯¯P¯¯¯\&#xA;  Yo  como ésta.    &#xA;  N    V     N&#xA;           \OD/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &quot;&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (I mean whit this function) is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://wpdia.com.ar/Ey9,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;tilde diacrítica&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. As @guifa comment, it is falling into disuse in a few words (&quot;&lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;éste&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;ésta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;aquélla&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, etc.). The online dictionary of the Real Academia Española &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/%C3%A9ste&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;still recommends the use of it&lt;/a&gt;, but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Principales_novedades_de_la_Ortografia_de_la_lengua_espanola.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;New Orthography recommends avoid it&lt;/a&gt;. Still, I think it is a good way to showing the difference here, and to make clear that it not a typo (you don't forget to write the noun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anyway, &quot;yo tiro este&quot;  is ok&lt;/strong&gt; if you follow the new recommendation &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; you are in a context in which you know if the noun is feminine or masculine. I do not use Duolingo anymore, because they do not take note of their own mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T21:54:35.147" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2014-12-03T04:00:39.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina, same as @Rodrigo said about Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://articulo.mercadolibre.com.ar/MLA-531639073-medias-lisas-joma-hombre-futbol-hockey-rugby-nuevas-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Media&lt;/a&gt; (for men, women, or unisex)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specific for women kind of &quot;media&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://articulo.mercadolibre.com.ar/MLA-532590272-medias-grises-sin-costuras-de-nylon-100-dupont-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Media de nylon&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://articulo.mercadolibre.com.ar/MLA-527930377-coco-412-sexy-shaper-pantymedias-modeladora-t-3-negro-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pantimedia&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.24con.com/files/image/23/23359/4a09db1529a88.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calza&lt;/a&gt; for women, unless otherwise said: &lt;a href=&quot;http://articulo.mercadolibre.com.ar/MLA-531315849-calza-corta-joma-deportiva-slim-hombre-futbol-segunda-piel-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;calza deportiva para hombres&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T04:00:39.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2630" CreationDate="2014-12-03T04:01:43.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could go with &lt;code&gt;ser pesado&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;ser un incordio&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;ser un fastidio&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos mosquitos son un incordio (alternativamente, Estos mosquitos no paran de &lt;strong&gt;incordiar&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos mosquitos son un fastidio (estos mosquitos me están fastidiando).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fastidiar&lt;/code&gt; is closer to &lt;code&gt;tease&lt;/code&gt; in some contexts, but would work here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;You are annoying me&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Stop annoying me&lt;/code&gt; can be translated with &lt;code&gt;incordiar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;cabrear&lt;/code&gt; (this latter one is closer to &amp;quot;you are upsetting me&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;you are driving me mad&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deja de incordiarme / Deja de cabrearme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me estás incordiando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For something like &lt;code&gt;Becky's voice is so annoying&lt;/code&gt; you could use &lt;code&gt;molesto&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;cargante&lt;/code&gt; (this latter one is similar to &amp;quot;pesado&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué cargante eres con el temita, macho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué cargante es ese sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T04:01:43.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10476" CreationDate="2014-12-03T09:10:26.400" Score="11" ViewCount="9167" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today's word of the day on spanishdict.com is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/wordoftheday/2227/despacio&quot;&gt;despacio&lt;/a&gt;. There I found this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi hermano le fastidia cuando la gente que quiere manejar despacio conduce en el canal de velocidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I perfectly understand the sentence, not least because they provide a translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wonder why they don't use &lt;em&gt;conducir&lt;/em&gt; twice. I understand &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;to steer&lt;/em&gt; (when it comes to cars) and that use feels strange.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I found a statement on the Internet claiming that &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt; is Mexican colloquial for &lt;em&gt;to drive&lt;/em&gt;. That would suggest, in conclusion, that the sentence above wouldn't be considered idiomatic in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what's the difference between these two words (in regard to driving)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is the use of &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence above really more idiomatic than &lt;em&gt;conducir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-04T03:26:24.080" LastActivityDate="2021-04-24T12:48:48.297" Title="Difference between &quot;manejar&quot; and &quot;conducir&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10473" CreationDate="2014-12-03T11:59:34.253" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's quite a weird phrase to me simply because I'm from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manejar&lt;/em&gt; is only used in Latin American countries; &lt;em&gt;conducir&lt;/em&gt; is the only word for &lt;em&gt;drive&lt;/em&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this phrase must have been written by a person from South America because in Spain we use &lt;em&gt;carril&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;canal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can use &lt;em&gt;conducir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt; twice, but it sounds quite repetitive. If you don't want to use &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt;, a person from Spain would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi hermano le fastidia cuando la gente que quiere conducir despacio&#xA;lo hace en el carril rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you find this information useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T04:09:24.707" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T04:09:24.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10473" CreationDate="2014-12-03T12:19:18.563" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although they are &lt;em&gt;expressions&lt;/em&gt; of the same sense (observing regional differences that have been mentioned), you must remember that these are &lt;em&gt;words&lt;/em&gt; with different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manejar&lt;/strong&gt; involves taking action to get something. Originally, these actions were manual (&lt;em&gt;manos&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;hands&quot;), and the word relates to &lt;em&gt;manipular&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;manipulate&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;maniobrar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;maneuver&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conducir&lt;/strong&gt; involves carrying something in one direction. It derives from Latin &quot;ducere&quot; (to guide), and is related to &lt;em&gt;conducto&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;duct&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;behavior&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, strictly speaking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;manejas&lt;/strong&gt; el vehículo con las manos y los pies, para &lt;strong&gt;conducirlo&lt;/strong&gt; por la calle hacia el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ergo, you &lt;em&gt;maneuver&lt;/em&gt; the vehicle to &lt;em&gt;drive&lt;/em&gt; down the street to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-17T13:30:55.287" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T13:30:55.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10473" CreationDate="2014-12-03T14:03:28.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that statement would sound funny in Spain, where indeed the speaker would have used &lt;code&gt;conducir&lt;/code&gt; twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin American countries favor &amp;quot;manejar&amp;quot; (to handle or steer a vehicle, if you fancy it that way) instead of &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; but that doesn't mean that they don't know (or use) the word &lt;code&gt;conducir&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same way, some these countries you would probably hear more &amp;quot;manejar el &lt;strong&gt;carro&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;manejar el &lt;strong&gt;auto&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, that also gives you a hint of where the speaker is from but this doesn't hold true for all Latin American countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that the speaker could have used &lt;code&gt;manejar&lt;/code&gt; twice in your example, but to avoid repetition, he or she used &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; instead. What is interesting is that he/she used &amp;quot;manejar&amp;quot; for a person controlling the vehicle (fast/slow) and &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; for the action of the vehicle being controlled/positioned in a certain lane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that the source you cite is an online resource, and not everything on the Internet is completely accurate and reliable (without any intentions to misrepresent that site). I wouldn't be too surprised if it is not completely consistent. As you can see, what sounds completely normal to just one of the many Spanish speaking countries can be a little bit (or completely) off in others. Whoever wrote that example is maybe trying to &amp;quot;show off&amp;quot; a little bit and include more vocabulary (sacrificing consistency).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T04:13:08.813" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T04:13:08.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10473" CreationDate="2014-12-03T14:09:25.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between &amp;quot;manejar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; is subtle, and, in spite of Rodrigo's explanation, is totally blurred by de facto usage, which varies wildly from region to region. By the way, I'd translate both as &amp;quot;to drive&amp;quot; more than  &amp;quot;to steer.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, we understand, but rarely use, &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; for steering a vehicle. We'd prefer &amp;quot;manejar&amp;quot; for both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;manejar despacio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;manejar por el carril rápido / de alta velocidad&lt;/strong&gt; (instead of &amp;quot;en el canal de velocidad&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To avoid the repetition, we'd naturally say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... cuando la gente que quiere &lt;strong&gt;manejar&lt;/strong&gt; despacio &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; por el carril rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... cuando la gente que quiere &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; despacio &lt;strong&gt;maneja&lt;/strong&gt; por el carril rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some replacements: &amp;quot;va&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;elige ir&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;viajar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;marchar&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T04:16:23.380" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T04:16:23.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2014-12-03T19:33:04.747" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra latina &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;imbarricare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; significa &lt;strong&gt;&quot;poner barreras&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, o sea, obstaculizar, impedir. Está formada por la preposición &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;en&quot;), más el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;barra&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;barrera&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente evolucionó hacia la palabra jurídica &lt;em&gt;embargar&lt;/em&gt;, que originalmente significaba &quot;dificultar&quot;, y se refería a tomar precauciones para que un acusado no se escapara con lo robado, poniéndole guardias o dejando en custodia sus bienes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero siguiendo su propia historia, &lt;em&gt;embargo&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;con-barrera&quot; pasó al olvido y quedó sólo en la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sin embargo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que significa entonces literalmente &quot;sin con-barrera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era una forma culta de indicar que hay un obstáculo que puede ser sorteado, del mismo modo que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pese a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a pesar de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Todavía se usa bastante con ese significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llueve. &lt;strong&gt;Sin embargo&lt;/strong&gt; seguiremos adelante. [la lluvia es el obstáculo sorteado]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el paso del tiempo perdió ese requerimiento y hoy se usa como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, ya no necesita que el antecesor sea un obstáculo negativo. Lo que indica es que la frase anterior y la posterior son semánticamente positiva y negativa, o viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era la más bonita y sin embargo no ganó el concurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí &quot;ser bonita&quot; no es ningún obstáculo, a menos que se fuerce bastante la lógica. Simplemente ser bonita es &quot;bueno&quot; y perder es &quot;malo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otra historia, &lt;em&gt;imbarricare&lt;/em&gt; pasó al francés en la palabra &lt;em&gt;barricade&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;barricada&quot;, &quot;parapeto&quot;), que no tiene nada que ver con las &lt;em&gt;barricas&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;odres&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T19:33:04.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2014-12-03T20:20:27.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Silly&lt;/code&gt; can be translated as &lt;code&gt;tonto&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;bobo&lt;/code&gt;. Also, for your example you could use both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué &lt;strong&gt;tonto&lt;/strong&gt; estoy, me he olvidado el móvil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira que soy &lt;strong&gt;bobo&lt;/strong&gt;, me he dejado el teléfono en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T18:26:22.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10484" CreationDate="2014-12-03T23:25:28.047" Score="4" ViewCount="3368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo el siguiente artículo periodístico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2014/12/03/actualidad/1417637204_665433.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Un jurado de Nueva York exonera al policía del ‘caso Garner’&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando encontré la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...cuando otro gran jurado absolvió al agente Darren Wilson, que había &lt;strong&gt;matado&lt;/strong&gt; a tiros al adolescente negro Michael Brown...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;matado&lt;/strong&gt; es incorrecta, sin embargo, encuentro difícil argumentar del porqué es así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considero que en lugar de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;matado&lt;/strong&gt; se debería emplear alguna de las siguientes alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asesinado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ultimado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eliminado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Estas son sólo algunas palabras, pero puede que existan otras palabras mas acordes.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si es posible dejar a una lado el posible error del periodista (o la persona que haya redactado la noticia),&lt;/em&gt; mi pregunta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿La palabra &lt;em&gt;matado&lt;/em&gt; es correcta?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T12:51:42.147" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T12:51:42.147" Title="Uso de la palabra &quot;matado&quot; en artículo periodístico" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2014-12-03T23:50:45.583" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The 2 are NOT interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá is used for near situations that use verbs of motion &#xA;Example: Juan, ven acá (Juan, come here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí is used for other near situations.&#xA;Example: Puedes registrarte aquí (You can sign up here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For describing &quot;less near&quot; things, use allí.&#xA;Example: El hombre allí no habla ingles (The guy over there doesn't speak English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For describing things much farther, use allá.&#xA;Example: Yo vivo aquí en los Estados Unidos, pero mi hermana vive allá en Costa Rica (I live here in the states, but my sister lives over in Costa Rica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7097" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T23:50:45.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10482" CreationDate="2014-12-03T23:52:22.027" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matar&lt;/em&gt;  (bueno, su participio &lt;em&gt;matado&lt;/em&gt;) me parece la mejor opción.  &lt;em&gt;Asesinar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;eliminar&lt;/em&gt; conllevan sentidos de premeditación o intento, y por tanto culpabilidad (que legalmente según el jurado, no había).  &lt;em&gt;Matar&lt;/em&gt; como verbo es neutro, simplemente nos explica que, por una acción suya, está muerto alguien.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no he escuchado &lt;em&gt;ultimar&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto, pero según el DRAE, es americanismo y según el DAA, se usa en todo el continente excepto Colombia, Guatemala, Venezuela y las partes no orientales de Bolivia.  No obstante, &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; es un periódico español, y ya que el único verbo aceptable en España en este contexto es &lt;em&gt;matar&lt;/em&gt; (por carecer de otra palabra sencilla neutra en esa tierra), han usado &lt;em&gt;matado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-04T00:29:18.003" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T00:29:18.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2014-12-04T09:48:14.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Castellano&quot; or &quot;Castilian Spanish&quot; is also often used as a synonym for &quot;Spain's Spanish&quot;, to distinguish it from &quot;Latin American Spanish&quot;, especially when dubbing movies. See an example here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OC83NA5tAGE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Let It Go in 25 languages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7103" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T07:15:41.263" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:15:41.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10487" CreationDate="2014-12-04T10:09:16.493" Score="4" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend from El Salvador reckoned an old car (i.e. one that's been around the block) is called &lt;em&gt;una dama vivida&lt;/em&gt;, but I can't find any other reference to this. Does anyone know the slang for old car?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un amigo mío en El Salvador me dijo que la jerga para un carro viejo es &lt;em&gt;una dama vivida&lt;/em&gt; pero yo no encuentro una referencia. ¿Puedes confirmar o dame otras palabras/frases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T20:10:22.887" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T20:10:22.887" Title="Is &quot;una dama vivida&quot; a slang for &quot;old car&quot;? What alternative words does Spanish have for this?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;el-salvador&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-12-22T00:19:46.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10486" CreationDate="2014-12-04T12:09:22.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión desde luego no es universal. En España &lt;code&gt;Dama vivida&lt;/code&gt; no tiene un significado como el que describes (ni ningún otro. Un español ante esa expresión te preguntaría si te refieres a una mujer de edad que se la ha pasado de fiesta en fiesta o algo similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España (esto variará en otros países de habla hispana) el &lt;em&gt;slang&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;code&gt;coche&lt;/code&gt; (no decimos &lt;code&gt;carro&lt;/code&gt; ni &lt;code&gt;auto&lt;/code&gt;) es &lt;code&gt;buga&lt;/code&gt;, pero esta expresión no designa necesariamente a un automóvil viejo. Si es muy viejo (y en mal estado) se le puede llamar &lt;code&gt;tartana&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tíos, mirad mi nuevo &lt;em&gt;buga&lt;/em&gt;!! A que &lt;em&gt;mola&lt;/em&gt;!! (mostrando a los amigos un viejo coche de segunda mano)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues... la verdad es que es una &lt;em&gt;tartana&lt;/em&gt;. Es el coche que ya no usa tu abuela, verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto valen otras expresiones que valdrían para designar a otro tipo de maquinaria vieja, como &lt;em&gt;chatarra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cafetera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trasto&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es uno de esos coches antiguos pero en buen estado se les llama &amp;quot;coche antiguo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;reliquia&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2700784&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt; puedes encontrar algunas expresiones en otros lenguajes (posiblemente otros usuarios ayudarán a validar el uso de estas expresiones en sus países):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;una viejera&amp;quot; de carro, o una &amp;quot;carcacha&amp;quot; (Colombia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;cascacho&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;carrindanga&amp;quot; (Argentina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;cachila&amp;quot; (Chile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;carcocha&amp;quot; (Perú)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T12:27:15.480" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2014-12-04T14:27:59.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile no se hace la diferencia entre ambas palabras. En general se prefiere &quot;castellano&quot; a &quot;español&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La asignatura escolar se llamó &quot;Castellano&quot; desde la organización del sistema educacional en la década de 1940, hasta la reforma de 1990.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese momento se acogió la distinción expresada en las otras respuestas a esta pregunta, vale decir, que &lt;strong&gt;el castellano es la variedad peninsular castiza del español&lt;/strong&gt;, la que hace la diferencia entre s y z. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El debate fue bastante acalorado entre autoridades políticas y personajes del ámbito académico, incluso un poco ridículo. Como solución, y dándole un tono &quot;new age&quot; a la situación, se optó por denominar a la asignatura con el nombre más holístico de &quot;Lenguaje y Comunicación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T14:27:59.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2014-12-04T15:13:46.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that situation, I hear more often the form &lt;em&gt;atontado&lt;/em&gt; than &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;. Both meaning the same, but &lt;em&gt;atontado&lt;/em&gt; can only be used with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡(Es que) Estoy atontado! Me he dejado el móvil en el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1155" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T15:13:46.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10482" CreationDate="2014-12-04T15:38:31.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de guifa me parece correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es verdad que la palabra &quot;matado&quot; puede sonar un poco fuerte, en ese contexto. Porque &quot;matar&quot; pone el énfasis en una acción plenamente intencionada, con un fin deliberado. Pero, en este sentido, las alternativas que enumera la pregunta no son mejores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se desea dar una versión algo más neutral o benévola, podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... que había disparado al adolescente negro Michael Brown,&#xA;  ocasionándole la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia puede resultar más notable si se piensa en muertes claramente culposas: decir &quot;Juan mató a su amigo Pedro al escapársele accidentalmente un disparo de su escopeta de caza&quot;... es un poco fuerte. Más natural es decir &quot;provocó la muerte&quot; u &quot;ocasionó la muerte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T15:34:42.890" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T15:34:42.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-04T18:32:57.943" Score="2" ViewCount="1198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say the following in Spanish: &amp;quot;Apart from the bus and its inability to function...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following options and I'm not sure which is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la guagua y su incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; funcionar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la guagua y su incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; funcionar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la guagua y su incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; funcionar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'm using &amp;quot;guagua&amp;quot; because I'm writing a paper about a movie from Cuba, where they use &amp;quot;guagua&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;autobús.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7107" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T23:23:45.750" Title="&quot;para&quot; vs &quot;de&quot; vs &quot;a&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10492" CreationDate="2014-12-04T18:43:39.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; in this case. You want to express the ability (or inability) of an agent (the bus) to do an action, duty or fulfill its purpose (work/function/run) and &lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; is the preposition that is used to indicate the purpose of something (in this case &amp;quot;to work&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;function&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la guagua y su incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;para funcionar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples of the use of &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; to show purpose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta máquina sirve &lt;strong&gt;para hacer café&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;This machine is meant to make coffee&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He comprado este líquido &lt;strong&gt;para limpiar&lt;/strong&gt; los cristales &lt;sub&gt;I bought this liquid to clean the windows&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese mando a distancia no vale &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; la tele, es el del DVD (implies &amp;quot;para hacer funcionar/manipular la televisión&amp;quot;) &lt;sub&gt;This remote wont work to operate the TV, it is for the DVD player&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este trabajo me viene bien &lt;strong&gt;para conseguir&lt;/strong&gt; experiencia &lt;sub&gt;This job is good for me to get some experience&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan estudia para abogado (implies &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;para ser&lt;/strong&gt; abogado&amp;quot;) &lt;sub&gt;Juan studies to be a lawyer&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T19:08:18.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5088" CreationDate="2014-12-04T21:44:55.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Playing off of makeMonday's answer, I think &lt;code&gt;lejos de&lt;/code&gt; would work as well. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los lobos se cambiaron lejos del cochino. - The wolves moved away from the pig.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please keep in mind, though, that my knowledge of the Spanish language is not completely extensive, and a better word could work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7089" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T21:44:55.590" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10492" CreationDate="2014-12-04T23:23:45.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use either &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. If you do the Google search &lt;code&gt;incapacidad site:rae.es&lt;/code&gt; you'll find that both are used rather indistinctly in DRAE's own definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad del macho &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; fecundar (esterilidad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; escribir, debida a una lesión cerebral (agrafía)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Síndrome infantil caracterizado por la incapacidad congénita &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; establecer contacto verbal... (autismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; percibir los colores (acromatopsia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; escribir de un modo correcto los sonidos percibidos... (disgrafia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad parcial o total &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; comprender lo que se lee... (dislexia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Falta de solvencia, incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; pagar una deuda (insolvencia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incapacidad &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; engendrar o concebir (impotencia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens with &lt;em&gt;capacidad&lt;/em&gt;. Note that if instead of the noun you use the adjective &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=incapaz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;incapaz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, then in this case you can only use &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esta guagua es incapaz &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; funcionar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-12-04T23:23:45.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2630" CreationDate="2014-12-05T05:31:42.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina is very common to say 'insoportable'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los mosquitos son insoportables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7108" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2014-12-05T09:49:11.730" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T09:49:11.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10498" CreationDate="2014-12-05T22:57:55.647" Score="2" ViewCount="8242" Body="&lt;p&gt;In school we learned that you can use &quot;saber&quot; as well as &quot;poder&quot;. Although we learned the grammar rule concerning this, I'm really unsure about the right usage. I know that you use &quot;poder&quot; if you are not able to do something, e.g. you are hurt. But when do I use it in a positive context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when do I use &quot;saber&quot; in general? I learned to use it if something is learnable, is this right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rules I learned don't really help me to understand it clearly as you can see and they don't explain things exactly. Can someone explain it to me, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7063" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T14:28:15.587" Title="What is the difference between &quot;saber&quot; and &quot;poder&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10497" CreationDate="2014-12-06T00:12:45.803" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without knowing what rules non-native speakers are told, I would say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saber --&amp;gt; to know. to have the knowledge  (Realize that even if you know how to do something you may not have the capacity or authorization to do it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note: &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; can also mean &lt;em&gt;to taste like&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;esto sabe a fresa&amp;quot; but that is not the use we want to discuss).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poder --&amp;gt; to be able or have the capacity/authorization to do something (for obvious reasons most of the time this might imply that you have the knowledge on &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to do it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the confusion might come from the difference between having the knowledge on &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to do something (saber) and the &lt;em&gt;capacity&lt;/em&gt; to do it (poder).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &lt;code&gt;Poder&lt;/code&gt; in a positive context when you have the authority, capacity or power to do something. It can imply or not that you also have the knowledge to do it. &lt;code&gt;Poder&lt;/code&gt; can be used with the connotation of being able to do something (because I know how to do it and I'm authorized to do it) but &lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; usually only implies the knowledge. Since sometimes having the knowledge may be enough, &lt;code&gt;Poder&lt;/code&gt; might convey that you have the capacity which is in fact just the knowledge of how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;sabes&lt;/strong&gt; conducir, pero no &lt;strong&gt;puedes&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo si no tienes licencia &lt;sub&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;know&lt;/strong&gt; how to drive, but you &lt;strong&gt;can't/are not able or allowed to do it&lt;/strong&gt; if you don't have a driving license&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tienes permiso entonces &lt;strong&gt;puedes&lt;/strong&gt; conducir &lt;sub&gt; If you have a license then you can drive&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It implies not only that you have the knowledge to drive (you would not have a license if you didn't have the knowledge and passed your test), but that you have permission to do it (police won't fine you, because you are &lt;strong&gt;authorized&lt;/strong&gt; to drive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé&lt;/strong&gt; cómo darte permiso de administrador en el sistema, pero no &lt;strong&gt;puedo&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo sin la autorización del jefe &lt;sub&gt; I know how to grant you administrator permissions in the system, but I can't do it without the boss' authorization &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;puedo&lt;/strong&gt; autorizarte a ser administrador del sistema, pero es Juan quien &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; qué hay que cambiar para hacerlo &lt;sub&gt;I can authorize you to be a system administrator, but it's Juan who knows what needs to be changed to do it&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example the subject has capacity or authorization to do something, but not the knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;puedo&lt;/strong&gt; trepar por esa cuerda &lt;sub&gt;I can climb that rope&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know how to do it and I imply and stress that I also have the physical strength to do it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt; cómo funciona &lt;sub&gt;I know how it works&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tienes un minuto &lt;strong&gt;puedo&lt;/strong&gt; explicarte cómo funciona &lt;sub&gt;If you have a minute I can explain you how it works&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imply not only that I know how it works, but that I have the capacity or time to teach you that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt; explicarte cómo funciona &lt;sub&gt;I know how to explain you how it works &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;poder&lt;/code&gt; in this sentence and the previous. The latter says that you know how to explain something, while the former says you have the capacity to explain it. That is the inflection of the difference between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt; cocinar ese plato, pero no &lt;strong&gt;puedo&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo sin los ingredientes &lt;sub&gt; I know how to cook that plate, but I can't do it without the ingredients&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tricky thing with this one is that probably no one would call on you if you had used &lt;code&gt;puedo&lt;/code&gt; for the first one (&amp;quot;puedo preparar ese plato&amp;quot;). You imply that you indeed know how to and can prepare the plate, but you wouldn't be able to do it without the ingredients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T14:28:15.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5758" CreationDate="2014-12-06T01:34:35.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;pedir what&quot;: it's &quot;pedir&quot; + artículo determinado (el/la/los/las) / indeterminado (&quot;un/uno/unos/unas&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir la dirección &amp;lt;&gt; ask for the address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir la pizza &amp;lt;&gt; order the pizza (you already know which one)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pedir la mano &amp;lt;&gt; ask a girl for marriage, usually to her parents (traditional)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pedir una dirección &amp;lt;&gt; ask for one address&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir una pizza &amp;lt;&gt; order one pizza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir unas vacaciones &amp;lt;&gt; ask for holidays&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir un aumento [de sueldo] &amp;lt;&gt; ask for a [pay] rise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and para/por: &quot;pedir for what|for who&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir para comer &amp;lt;&gt; begging money in the street for food&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pedir por él &amp;lt;&gt; pray for him, usually in a church-related context&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This all is in Spanish from Spain, in other variants there might be variations in meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1669" LastEditorUserId="1669" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T01:39:53.660" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T01:39:53.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3349" CreationDate="2014-12-06T12:04:48.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa &lt;code&gt;primer&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;tercer&lt;/code&gt; cuando son sustantivos masculinos en singular pero el resto se dice normal. Ejemplo:&#xA;El primer plato&#xA;El segundo Plato&#xA;El tercer Plato&#xA;El Cuarto plato...y asi todos iguales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7112" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T13:16:50.260" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T13:16:50.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10445" CreationDate="2014-12-06T15:26:10.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain anillo is the common word for ring, both for men and women.  Alianza is the word for wedding band.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7113" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T15:26:10.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-06T16:50:05.860" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can best explain my question with an example.  I am eating a delicious beefsteak (el bistec) at a friend´s house. I want to express how good it is, so without saying ´beefsteak´ I say, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está muy bueno.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the beefsteak is also a type of food (la comida). I could have said, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está muy buena.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is either response acceptable, and can I, as the speaker freely choose which to say without a native listener looking at me strangely?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7113" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-06T17:36:47.157" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T01:03:48.113" Title="Choosing gender of adjectives or object pronouns" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10504" CreationDate="2014-12-06T17:42:02.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In regard to the context given by your example, it depends on what you or the other speakers where discussing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know that the pronouns are used to refer to something that has already been named, so what was named just before you answered? Is that pronoun going to stand for &lt;code&gt;la comida&lt;/code&gt; or for &lt;code&gt;el bistec&lt;/code&gt;? Depending on that you choose the gender of your pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Te gusta &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; comida/cena?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Está muy buen&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Te gusta &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; filete/bistec&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Está muy buen&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead of having something being named beforehand you were, for example, pointing at something, it would depend on that context to match the gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again in your example, you can't use feminine with &amp;quot;filete/bistec&amp;quot; just because is a type of food and &amp;quot;comida&amp;quot; is feminine. Your pronouns' or adjetives' genders must match the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T01:03:48.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10507" CreationDate="2014-12-06T23:19:26.683" Score="1" ViewCount="619" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my little Spanish learning experience, I have often read the sentence that uses the term &lt;code&gt;ir de compras&lt;/code&gt;. While I know the meaning of it (go to shopping), I have a trouble in getting the etymology of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does it uses the form used in second-person singular? For example, we use &lt;code&gt;dormir&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Leo un libro antes de dormir.&lt;/code&gt;, even if the verb is used after &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;. We don't write it as &lt;code&gt;Leo un libro antes de duermes.&lt;/code&gt;. But it is not the case in the &lt;code&gt;ir de compras&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why does it always use the second-person singular form? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T23:28:24.570" Title="What's the etymology of `ir de compras`?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10506" CreationDate="2014-12-06T23:28:24.570" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not the second person singular form of the verb &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt;, it's the plural form of the noun &lt;em&gt;compra&lt;/em&gt; (purchase), though that ultimately derives from the been &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt;. Many nouns in Spanish derive from present tense forms of verbs, but then follow noun gender and number rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T23:28:24.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10509" CreationDate="2014-12-06T23:57:49.803" Score="4" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré un modismo que me interesa (inventé un ejemplo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Nos debemos ir! La policía va a cerrar esta lugar a cal y canto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;We gotta get out of here! The police are going to lock this place down.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Podrían explicarme el significado de &amp;quot;cal&amp;quot; y su relación con el canto?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7114" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T13:44:12.903" Title="El significado idiomático de la cal" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10508" CreationDate="2014-12-07T00:19:00.520" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí no se habla de &quot;cantar&quot; en primera persona sino de un canto, que es un trozo de piedra y se refiere generalmente a la terminación de ésta: si es redonda o tallada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cerrado a cal y canto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una frase que viene de la españa antigua: cuando sellaban las puertas de una casa para que nadie entrara, las cerraban con piedras y una mezcla de cal; por eso cuando las &lt;strong&gt;cerraban a cal y canto&lt;/strong&gt; ya era imposible acceder a ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T00:43:06.487" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T00:43:06.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10508" CreationDate="2014-12-07T00:27:28.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;cal y canto&quot; o &quot;calicanto&quot; como bien dices es un modísmo.&#xA;Pero como tal, no puedes separar el significado y buscar la palabra &quot;cal&quot; separada de los otros componentes del modismo. (leer bien la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/modismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;modismo&lt;/a&gt; vía RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscaste la palabra &quot;cal&quot; (separada) en la RAE, te sale la definición del producto químico que se usa en construcción (de viviendas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y te explican ahí mismo el modismo que estás dando de ejemplo aquí.&#xA;No tiene relación &quot;cal&quot; con &quot;cantando&quot; (de cantar).&#xA;El &quot;canto&quot; no viene de cantar siempre. Hay varios significados para &quot;canto&quot;.&#xA;Lee &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/canto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canto(2)&lt;/a&gt; en la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7116" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T00:27:28.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10511" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-07T02:13:08.507" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say &quot;the story starts suddenly as if to represent an intentional eclipse...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El cuento empieza de repente como si fuera &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; representar&quot; &#xA;  or&#xA;  &quot;El cuento empieza de repente como si fuera representar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought it was the last one, but Google translate told me it was the first option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7107" LastEditorUserId="7107" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T02:21:42.140" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T19:41:04.823" Title="&quot;Como si fuera representar&quot; o &quot;como si fuera para representar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10511" CreationDate="2014-12-07T02:23:24.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the correct answer would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... empieza de repente como si fuera &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; representar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't actually say &quot;como si fuera representar&quot;, the way to say it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... empieza de repente como si fuera &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; representar un eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second one would mean something closer to the first one (like if it was to represent and eclipse). I think you could go with both prepositions, &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; and there would be no practical difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... empieza de repente como si &lt;strong&gt;representara&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjuntivo is a verb tense that can show &lt;em&gt;purpose&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;wish&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;uncertainty&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;doubt&lt;/em&gt;, among other things, so I think works well for this transaltion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T02:45:05.063" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T02:45:05.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10513" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10517" CreationDate="2014-12-07T09:11:11.363" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my dictionary, &lt;strong&gt;modestia&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;modesty&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;decencia&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;decency&lt;/em&gt;, whereas &lt;strong&gt;recato&lt;/strong&gt; can mean either. In what cases then would it be preferable to use &lt;strong&gt;recato&lt;/strong&gt; instead of either of the other two, more specific words in Spanish? Is there any regional usage preference? Just to be clear, this question is strictly in the context of modesty or decency. No other meaning is being referred to here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To further complicate things, I have also come across &lt;strong&gt;pudor&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;modesty&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;P.S. Please also provide the name of your country/region to help readers understand if there's any dialectical nuance to your usage.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T11:14:16.333" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T14:26:28.693" Title="&quot;Recato&quot; vs. &quot;modestia&quot; vs. &quot;decencia&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10403" CreationDate="2014-12-07T12:49:48.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El defendido es inocente y el abogado lo probó.  Es como si usaras el estilo indirecto.  El tiempo presente (es) se convierte en el tiempo pretérito imperfecto (era).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7113" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T12:49:48.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10518" CreationDate="2014-12-07T13:57:52.253" Score="3" ViewCount="1159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both mean &quot;laziness&quot; according to the dictionary. Is there any difference in usage? Regional preference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T23:27:01.573" Title="Laziness: &quot;Pereza&quot; vs &quot;flojera&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10513" CreationDate="2014-12-07T14:14:23.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding of the terms is that &lt;code&gt;recato&lt;/code&gt; means something that has much more to do with &lt;code&gt;decencia&lt;/code&gt; than to 'modestia`. I use them more or les this way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Modestia&lt;/code&gt; is indeed &lt;em&gt;modesty&lt;/em&gt;. I use to show the humility of somebody about skills or good deeds. It is not shyness and I consider it a good thing (not being eager to brag or show off), but of course other might think that humility might have to do more with somebody not daring to speak for himself or herself and saying that people who are modest are so because they are just shy or &lt;code&gt;pudorosos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Decencia' is also almost self-explanatory. Do what is considerer decent or appropriate (which might be up to the society to decide).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Recato&lt;/code&gt; would be to apply &quot;decency&quot; to your dress code or behavior. If I hear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vestía recatadamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine a woman who is trying not to show much of her body (almost as if she was dressing like my grandmother would had 70 years ago: skirt under the knees, not showing the neckline...). Maybe that could be where &lt;code&gt;pudor&lt;/code&gt; comes across too. I guess that you can apply &quot;recato&quot; to behavior too (&lt;code&gt;comportarse con recato&lt;/code&gt;) but the inflections is that is more about following social convention that about modesty, shyness or even &lt;code&gt;pudor&lt;/code&gt;. And that acceptance of the social rules is &quot;decency&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If somebody &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se comporta con recato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;might imply that he is not speaking out of time, doing anything inappropriate, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'm from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T14:26:28.693" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T14:26:28.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10516" CreationDate="2014-12-07T14:41:34.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &lt;code&gt;flojera&lt;/code&gt; mainly refers to a physical aspect (&quot;flojo&quot;= sin fuerza). I have always used &lt;code&gt;pereza&lt;/code&gt; for laziness and &lt;code&gt;flojera&lt;/code&gt; to a hindrance to physical work (maybe because you are feeling down the weather or something similar, you feel too weak or are exhausted). So to me &lt;code&gt;flojera&lt;/code&gt; means something closer to &quot;weakness&quot; or &quot;exhaustion&quot; than an unwillingness to do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T14:41:34.677" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10520" CreationDate="2014-12-07T17:37:52.080" Score="2" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en Español se puede decir, &quot;La pintura fue creada por Picasso&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, no sé si se puede decir lo mismo con la construcción pasiva con &quot;se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible decir, &quot;Se creó la pintura por Picasso&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T02:46:40.653" Title="Pregunta sobre la voz pasiva con &quot;se&quot;" Tags="&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10519" CreationDate="2014-12-07T17:43:54.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. El uso del &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; pasivo impide la posibilidad de incluir un agente ajeno como en la voz pasiva ya que, por usar la construcción pasiva, existe un agente: solo es que coincide con el objeto directo/reflexivo que a la vez es también el sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T02:46:40.653" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T02:46:40.653" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10523" CreationDate="2014-12-07T21:00:15.667" Score="2" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son ambas oraciones correctas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy cocinando arroz para &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; que le apetezca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy cocinando arroz para &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; que le apetezca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7113" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-07T22:11:13.473" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T22:11:13.473" Title="&quot;Para al que le apetezca&quot; o &quot;Para el que le apetezca&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10516" CreationDate="2014-12-07T21:03:18.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's also a regional preference. For example in Argentina nobody would say 'flojera', but we do know the meaning (it's very common to hear it in movies or series dubbed in México)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7119" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T21:03:18.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10521" CreationDate="2014-12-07T21:21:24.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second one is incorrect. Take into account that &quot;al&quot; is the shortened form of &quot;a el&quot;, so in the second one you are really saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy cocinando arroz para &lt;strong&gt;a el&lt;/strong&gt; que le apetezca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see using the two prepositions together &quot;para a&quot; has no sense. &lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; is used here to explain who you are cooking for, so it has no sense to add another preposition (which will have its own function) right after it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T21:21:24.053" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2014-12-08T08:57:33.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite example of this is: alcohol. The &quot;h&quot; is silent. The two &quot;o's&quot; are not pronounced. Not that I can perceive, anyway. So, &quot;al.col&quot; is how this word is pronounced not &quot;al.co.ol.&quot; [Periods used to show syllable breaks.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7120" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T08:57:33.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10533" CreationDate="2014-12-08T14:08:42.673" Score="5" ViewCount="26642" Body="&lt;p&gt;So a Mexican friend of mine told me that &quot;a huevo&quot; means something like &quot;of course&quot; in English, but is a vulgar way of saying it -- I guess because &quot;huevo&quot; means &quot;testicles&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm just wondering how this phrase even makes sense.  It seems like it means, &quot;to the balls&quot; or &quot;at the balls&quot; -- I don't see how that could mean &quot;of course&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this part of a longer phrase -- I know in English sometimes we reference a longer phrase that everyone knows, for instance saying just &quot;When in Rome&quot;, instead of the whole phrase &quot;when in Rome, do as the Romans do&quot;?  Or did my friend explain the meaning to me wrong -- Does it really mean something like &quot;of course&quot;?  And what is the etymology of the phrase &quot;a huevo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7123" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T01:01:55.063" LastActivityDate="2020-02-08T18:27:14.987" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;poner a huevo&quot; in Mexican Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10526" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T14:15:39.860" Score="4" ViewCount="3158" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have been learning German for two years.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned the following ways to translate this sentence and they seem to all mean the same thing despite differences in syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevo dos años aprendiendo alemán.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hace dos años que aprendo alemán.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He estado aprendiendo alemán por dos años.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there are any more ways to do this. So my question is, which of the above construct is most likely to be used by a native speaker in day-to-day conversation to convey this idea? Is the preference tied to the region or dialect? If so, in what ways?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would you translate the sentence if one is to add words like &quot;past&quot; or &quot;last&quot; to it? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have been learning German for the last two years.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;P.S. Please mention the flavor of Spanish your answer pertains to, e.g. Mexican, Argentinean, Latin American, Castilian, etc., if applicable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-12-08T17:45:03.573" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T13:19:46.087" Title="Translating &quot;have been doing something&quot; into everyday Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2014-12-08T14:38:43.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to some &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070118215016AA67WrF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;references&lt;/a&gt;, it does indeed has to do with testicles. It seems that the meaning of this expression in Mexico is &quot;por la fuerza&quot;. In Spanish, saying that someone has &quot;balls&quot; means that is brave, bold, or has courage (in English too, right?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://cuchipandapedia.blogspot.com/2008/09/poner-huevo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En México &lt;em&gt;poner a huevo&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;strong&gt;hacerlo a fuerzas&lt;/strong&gt; (p. ej. &quot;No tenía derecho de ver a los niños, pero se los llevó a huevo.&quot; &quot;Ya lo habían echado, pero se quedó a huevo.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this same reference conveys a different meaning for the expression in other Spanish speaking countries (In Spain means &lt;em&gt;facilitate&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;make really easy&lt;/em&gt;). Also, there are many other expressions related to &quot;huevo/huevos&quot; (e.g. costar un huevo, poner un huevo, manda huevos!, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-08T16:49:03.067" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T16:49:03.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10526" CreationDate="2014-12-08T14:57:53.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of your examples would be completely acceptable, as well as interchangeable.  It's almost equal to or less than the differences in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been studying German for two years&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For two years, I've been studying German.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two years worth of studying German.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example to add to your list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde hace dos años estudio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regionally, I have no answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is Spanish no matter which country you are in; you will be understood no matter which phrase you choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would you translate the sentence if one is to add words like &amp;quot;past&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;last&amp;quot; to it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples already imply the past; but I supposed you could add &lt;code&gt;desde&lt;/code&gt; to your sentence to emphasize the years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estudiado el alemán desde hace dos años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estudiado el alemán desde los dos años pasados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T14:57:53.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10511" CreationDate="2014-12-08T19:34:22.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way to say it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cuento empieza de repente como representando ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize that it will not translate through an online translator correctly, but online translators aren't the least bit reliable.  At the least, they can provide you with a start  research more, like with DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-12-08T19:41:04.823" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T19:41:04.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T21:53:50.817" Score="2" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mexico is a feast for the eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be grammatically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mexico es una festín para los ojos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7127" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T23:44:45.680" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T23:44:45.680" Title="Mexico is a feast for the eyes, correct grammar?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10530" CreationDate="2014-12-08T22:10:38.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=fest%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Festín&lt;/code&gt; is masculine&lt;/a&gt;, so you need an article that agrees with that gender (&lt;code&gt;un&lt;/code&gt; and not &lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México es &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; festín para los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, don't forget that in Spanish &amp;quot;Mexico&amp;quot; is an &lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt; word, and as such it needs the accented &lt;code&gt;é&lt;/code&gt; (which I know that is one of those really tricky characters on certain keyboards, but is best to get used to use a proper spelling. Pays off in the long run).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus said, although that sentence is technically correct (and translates that part of &amp;quot;for the eyes&amp;quot; of your original sentence) I would favor the use of &amp;quot;la vista&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;the sight&amp;quot;,  instead). Also (and this is completely me), I have a much stronger association of &lt;code&gt;festín&lt;/code&gt; with the second meaning provided in the link (&lt;em&gt;Banquete espléndido&lt;/em&gt;/Banquet) than with the first one (&lt;em&gt;Festejo&lt;/em&gt;/Festival), so I would have favored the use of the word &lt;code&gt;Fiesta&lt;/code&gt; instead of &amp;quot;Festín&amp;quot; (again, this might be just a personal preference due to regional differences in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México es una fiesta para la vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México es una fiesta para los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Fiesta&amp;quot; es feminine, so I used &amp;quot;una&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &amp;quot;fiesta&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;festín&amp;quot; you could also use &lt;code&gt;Regalo&lt;/code&gt;. Is is quite common when referring to senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese paisaje tan bello es un regalo para la vista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa fruta tan jugosa es un regalo para el paladar (o para &lt;em&gt;el gusto&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa experiencia es un regalo para los sentidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T22:16:36.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10526" CreationDate="2014-12-08T22:48:56.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native spanish speaker, and you have it mostly right. You can say (and I am going to try to be very natural here...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo dos años estudiando alemán&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo dos años de estar estudiando alemán&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hace dos años que empecé a estudiar alemán&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por dos años, he estado estudiando alemán&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otras muchas formas más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what didn't make a 'click' is that you are using the verb &lt;strong&gt;aprender&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;estudiar&lt;/strong&gt;. It is more natural in spanish to say that you are studying something, and learning would be the goal. So...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empecé a estudiar inglés desde que tenía ocho años, y todavía no he aprendido del todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-12-11T09:46:30.553" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T09:46:30.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2014-12-08T23:11:37.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are referring to a very colloquial, regional, and sometimes vulgar expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A huevos! (Sí)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A puro huevo! (A la fuerza u obligado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Huevos! (Mejor no!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar de a huevos! (Estar alguien bien en Guatemala, o mal en Cuba)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer algo a huevo (obligado o a la fuerza)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ser alguien de a huevo (ser valiente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahuevado (avergonzado, indolente, aburrido, depende dónde se diga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mexican friend was right, if you say, &lt;strong&gt;a huevos man&lt;/strong&gt;, it mean ... &lt;strong&gt;sí!&lt;/strong&gt; (of course!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I don't know the relationship between each form of usage to the testicles. You only have to know how and when to use it. That is why it is very colloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T23:11:37.317" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10516" CreationDate="2014-12-08T23:27:01.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perezoso&lt;/strong&gt; is very clear: negligente, tardo, lento, descuidado, flojo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flojo&lt;/strong&gt; is regional, and could be interpreted as lazy, with no firm convictions, or even gay in Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Huevón&lt;/strong&gt; another regional, and vulgar expression. could be interpreted as lazy or courageous, or an idiot (depends on the region), but referring to a lazy person, it is more graphical. &lt;em&gt;Este es un huevonazo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T23:27:01.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10536" CreationDate="2014-12-09T04:55:07.840" Score="1" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would one choose between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; while translating this syntax into Spanish? Here's an example sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Those homes had been demolished.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following would be a more appropriate way to say it in Spanish and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se habían sido demolidas aquellas casas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se habían estado demolidas aquellas casas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, would it be more natural to just skip &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; altogether and say something like this (although I understand it slightly alters the meaning to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;...were demolished&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;...had been demolished&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se demolieron aquellas casas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T05:03:47.160" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T18:44:39.443" Title="&quot;Has been&quot; + &lt;past participle&gt;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10535" CreationDate="2014-12-09T05:53:17.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither, actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no need for a reflexive pronoun if you're going to use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.  You could use the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; pasivo in place of the true pasive (that uses &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;), however.  The following to sentences are, absent any agent, roughly equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habían sido demolidas aquellas casas (… por alguien/algo). &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;The houses had been demolished (... by someone/something).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se habían demolido aquellas casas. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;The houses had gotten demolished.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the agent can only be added in the first.  If you use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, however, we are no longer talking about the &lt;em&gt;act&lt;/em&gt; of demolishing, rather the &lt;em&gt;result&lt;/em&gt; of their demolition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habían estado demolidas aquellas casas (desde …). &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;The houses had been demolished / in a demolished state (since …).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you can substitute &lt;em&gt;quedar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and it might make it a bit clearer what's being said: &lt;em&gt;había &lt;strong&gt;quedado/resultado&lt;/strong&gt; demolidas aquellas casas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se demolieron&lt;/em&gt; says that they got demolished, but doesn't allow you to specify who demolished them.  Also, it happens contemporaneously in a past time frame.  Since using the pluperfect has it happen before a given time frame, context will dictate whether you need to use one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ultimately, to decide which form to use, you need to think whether you want to focus on the action (use true passive or &lt;em&gt;se pasivo&lt;/em&gt;) or the result (use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;), whether you want it as part of the past narration (use preterite) or something that happens before the narration (use pluperfect or even antepreterite), and if you are focusing on the action, whether you wish to admit an agent (use true passive) or if that's not important (use &lt;em&gt;se pasivo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, Spanish speakers don't like stacking verbs as much as we do in English&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, and so prefer &lt;em&gt;se pasivo&lt;/em&gt; over true passive.  However, I have noticed my friends from Central America using true passive far more often than speakers elsewhere, but that could also potentially be due to influence from English as they're all native bilinguals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Compare &lt;em&gt;He couldn't've been going to see the movie&lt;/em&gt; which sounds quite natural in English to its translation &lt;em&gt;No podía haber estado yendo a ver la peli&lt;/em&gt; which sounds positively wretched, although perfectly grammatical.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T05:53:17.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10538" CreationDate="2014-12-09T14:05:04.867" Score="5" ViewCount="2719" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna traducción aceptada de este término francés/inglés al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sólo en su sentido médico, sino en el general, aplicado por ejemplo a bugs de software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:19:43.200" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:19:43.200" Title="Traducción de &quot;triage&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10537" CreationDate="2014-12-09T14:15:25.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que en español se usa el término &lt;code&gt;triaje&lt;/code&gt;, aunque no está recogido en el diccionario de la RAE (Aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=tri%E9is&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Triar&lt;/a&gt; sí, con el significado de &quot;Escoger, separar, entresacar&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el término se ha incorporado al vocabulario técnico &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/328785022809169921&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;del francés&lt;/a&gt; con el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clasificación de pacientes que establece el orden de atención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser un extranjerismo parece ser que también hay bastante confusión acerca de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.e-mergencia.com/foro/f153/triage-triaje-11647/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cómo escribirlo&lt;/a&gt;, pero en ese mismo enlace se explica sobre el término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término TRIAJE no ha sido de momento admitido por la Academia. Tampoco aparece en otros diccionarios de uso que hemos consultado. En realidad, por lo textos de la documentación encontrados, parace equivaler a SELECCIÓN o CLASIFICACIÓN. Hemos localizado su empleo en el ámbito hospitalario, haciendo referencia a la clasificación de los enfermos del servicio de urgencias, de forma que sean atendidos según la gravedad de su caso y con independencia del orden de llegada se establezcan los tiempos de espera razonables para cada uno de ellos. También se emplea en la clasificación industrial de residuos, donde se habla de ciertas instalaciones denominadas &quot;plantas de triaje&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;Las palabras españolas terminadas en -aje se escriben con jota&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En Wikipedia, por ejemplo, lo encontrarás escrito &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;triaje&quot;&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T16:36:25.980" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T16:36:25.980" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10540" CreationDate="2014-12-09T15:06:20.920" Score="5" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would one translate the following sentence into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I made some hot chocolate for the kids.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preparé chocolate caliente para los niños.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am unable to figure out something for the &quot;some&quot; there. I can't use &lt;strong&gt;poco&lt;/strong&gt; because that would mean &quot;a little&quot;. Can't even use &lt;strong&gt;unos&lt;/strong&gt; because...shouldn't &lt;strong&gt;unos&lt;/strong&gt; be used with countable nouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T19:40:45.267" Title="Spanish for &quot;some&quot; in this context" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-09T15:16:16.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He preparado &lt;strong&gt;algo de&lt;/strong&gt; chocolate caliente para los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the use like in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Queda &lt;strong&gt;algo de&lt;/strong&gt; queso, por si te quieres preparar un bocadillo &lt;sub&gt;There is still &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; cheese left, in case you want to prepare yourself a sandwich&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't necessarily need to mean &quot;a little&quot;, but could have that inflection, so is really similar to &quot;a little&quot; but without conveying scarcity that much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todavía queda algo de nieve en las calles &lt;sub&gt;There is still some snow in the streets&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T15:16:16.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-09T15:16:49.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literally translation will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preparé &lt;strong&gt;algo de(some)&lt;/strong&gt; chocolate caliente para los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read this link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/some&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/some&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;algo&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;some&lt;/code&gt; when referring to a quantity of a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;code&gt;un&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preparé &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; chocolate caliente para los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7132" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T15:16:49.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-09T15:29:21.197" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, you can use &lt;em&gt;algo de chocolate&lt;/em&gt; which would be the most natural sounding, but if you really want to use &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt;, you can using the same structure.  Note the difference in usages of poco as adjective or as noun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preparé poco chocolate caliente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(I made a rather meager and insufficient amount of hot chocolate)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preparé un poco de chocolate caliente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(I made some hot chocolate to whet everyone's appetite)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. If I recall correctly from talking with a friend, in Mexico they're known for using &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt; a bit differently than the rest of the Spanish-speaking world, but I can't remember the exact differences.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T15:29:21.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10537" CreationDate="2014-12-09T17:10:54.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;triage&lt;/em&gt; con frecuencia en francés, portugués, inglés y español, conservando algunos elementos (sobretodo sonoros) de su origen francesa. Por eso, hay confusión sobre su forma escrita.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE describe el buen uso de términos de cualquier origen. Por ejemplo: &quot;ordenador&quot; en España tiene el mismo significado que &quot;computador&quot; en las Américas. Por llamar &quot;ordenador&quot; de &quot;regionalismo&quot;, el diccionario de la RAE nos aconseja que esa palabra puede ser mal comprendida fuera de su contexto geográfico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese abordaje me parece útil: podemos usar palabras de orígen extranjera, pero el †érmino tiene que cumplir algunos requisitos básicos del buen uso: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la palabra tiene que ser fácilmente comprendida por tus lectores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el término no puede provocar confusión o llamar atención por ser una palabra de uso raro (a no ser que ese sea tu objetivo) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el uso debe conservar elementos esenciales del significado (p.e., &quot;triaje&quot; tiene que ver con un proceso que determina prioridad, no es sinónimo de &quot;escoger&quot;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7126" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T17:10:54.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-09T17:32:20.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need to use &amp;quot;some&amp;quot; in English or Spanish. In the English original, &amp;quot;some&amp;quot; is a bonus word. The sentence is semantically identical when it is omitted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made hot chocolate for the kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the same as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; hot chocolate for the kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No one would think that you made none or all of the hot chocolate if you omit the &amp;quot;some&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you can omit &amp;quot;some&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preparé chocolate para los niños&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the equivalent of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I made some hot chocolate for the kids&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't really need &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt; since the candy form of chocolate would be a &lt;em&gt;dulce&lt;/em&gt; of one kind or another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caution: when you use &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, it can have another meaning that does not appear to be intended here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &lt;em&gt;Había algo de nieve en la calle.&lt;/em&gt;, the term &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; suggests a final remnant of small quantity, a scant presence or hint. That's definitely not what I understood you meant by &amp;quot;I made some hot chocolate for the kids.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preparé algo de comida y fui a dormir&lt;/em&gt; would translate as &amp;quot;I made myself something to eat and went to sleep.&amp;quot; The &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; suggests that whatever you made, it wasn't substantial and that you were in a hurry to get to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7126" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T18:30:13.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10535" CreationDate="2014-12-09T18:44:39.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be helpful to give a little more context about what you're trying to say. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If asked how to translate &quot;&lt;em&gt;Those houses had been demolished&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, it seems fairly straightforward: &lt;em&gt;Aquellas casas habían sido demolidas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As has been pointed out, the English original has ambiguities around agency and the moment in time to which it refers. Do you want to retain those points of ambiguity in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule, I would always go for the simpler construction. I avoid complex tenses that put temporal brackets around actions unless that is what you intend and there is no other way to achieve that goal. It's grammatically possible, but it would require summersaults to use the past participle of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in that sentence without coming across as merely clumsy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7126" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T18:44:39.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-09T22:19:19.317" Score="3" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say &quot;it's obvious that he is familiar with their culture...&quot; I know conocer is to be familiar with, but would that work in this situation? I've also heard that &quot;saber de&quot; is another option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7107" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T18:01:27.313" Title="In this situation, would &quot;saber de&quot; or &quot;conocer&quot; be the better option?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10546" CreationDate="2014-12-09T22:41:11.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Conocer&lt;/code&gt; works best for you example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es obvio que él &lt;strong&gt;conoce&lt;/strong&gt; su cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; too, but is a little bit tricky here. You can say that somebody &quot;sabe de matemáticas&quot; or &quot;sabe de XXX&quot; to convey that they have a pretty good knowledge about the topic, but if you said &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él sabe de su cultura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would be saying &quot;He is aware of their culture&quot;. To make it work with &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; you need first to use an adverb (e.g. &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;), to change the meaning of the verb by &lt;em&gt;quantifying&lt;/em&gt; his degree of knowledge, so it stops implying that he knows something but that he knows a lot about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él sabe &lt;strong&gt;mucho&lt;/strong&gt; de su cultura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you could use the locution &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=1EEPAAwoODXX257zIGxj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;acerca de&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which is used to point to what is being discussed or explained. Even then might not be enough and you m&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él sabe &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; su cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T22:41:11.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10552" CreationDate="2014-12-10T00:47:14.770" Score="1" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una frase como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé qué habrá en el examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo será el examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué hay acentos en &amp;quot;que? y &amp;quot;como&amp;quot;? También, ¿cuándo se necesita un acento en los otros interrogativos cuando no hay una pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-10T02:21:05.380" Title="Pregunta sobre la acentuación y los interrogativos" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10546" CreationDate="2014-12-10T00:52:46.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Diego explains, between those two options &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; works better. But if you want a more precise translation and you don't mind being a little more verbose you can use &lt;em&gt;estar familiarizado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es obvio que él &lt;strong&gt;está familiarizado&lt;/strong&gt; con su cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-12-10T00:52:46.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10550" CreationDate="2014-12-10T01:14:43.680" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;que can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;without accent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;relative pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;: el libro que estás leyendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conjunction&lt;/strong&gt;: tienes que leer más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with accent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interrogative pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;: ¿Qué estás leyendo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;exlamation pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;: !Qué calor hace!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar rules folow &lt;strong&gt;que, quien, como, cuando, donde, y porque&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;por qué&lt;/strong&gt; gets separated for interrogations)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, &lt;em&gt;no sé qué va a salir en el examen&lt;/em&gt;, you are saying that you don't know the answer to a question, but qué is part of that question. It is an interrogative pronoun too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No sé quién va a venir para Navidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="7128" LastEditDate="2014-12-10T01:22:30.850" LastActivityDate="2014-12-10T01:22:30.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10556" CreationDate="2014-12-10T18:36:41.693" Score="9" ViewCount="1044" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why fruits seemingly have two genders? (or maybe being bi-gender would be a better way to put it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across this phrase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...frutas, verduras, cereales y frutos secos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;la fruta&quot; is pluralized &quot;frutas&quot; - that makes sense; but why is the plural &quot;dried fruits&quot; masculinized as &quot;frutos secos&quot;? Shouldn't it be &quot;frutas secas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T03:30:12.313" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:04:02.877" Title="Why do fruits seemingly have two genders?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10555" CreationDate="2014-12-10T19:33:13.343" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &quot;fruta&quot; to refer to some of the &lt;strong&gt;juicy&lt;/strong&gt; fruits of some trees, but &quot;fruto&quot; to refer to the product of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pera es el &lt;strong&gt;fruto&lt;/strong&gt; del peral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;fruto&quot; in another contexts like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este es el fruto de mi esfuerzo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruto_seco&quot;&gt;&quot;Frutos secos&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is used to define the product of some trees/plants that in their natural state don't have (much) water, like peanuts and the like. So &quot;frutas&quot; would be a subset of the &quot;frutos&quot; of different plants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Frutos secos&quot; is no plural for &quot;fruta&quot;. &quot;Frutas secas&quot; would convey fruits that have gone dry (rotten) not &lt;em&gt;frutas&lt;/em&gt; that have undergone some kind of process, like &quot;frutas escarchadas/confitadas&quot; (candied fruit) or &quot;frutas desecadas&quot; (like raisins or dates). As you can see in &quot;frutas escarchadas&quot; you keep the gender of the word &quot;fruta&quot; (they are made of what is considered to be fruit from a Spanish language point of view and hey keep the name).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-11T22:58:53.503" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T22:58:53.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10555" CreationDate="2014-12-11T01:43:27.210" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are referring to two different words: &lt;code&gt;fruta&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;fruto&lt;/code&gt; they are not masculine or feminine of each other, they are just, different words. Look them up in your dictionary. (a wierder example would be llanta and llanto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, referring to dried fruit, it is more natural to say &lt;code&gt;fruta seca&lt;/code&gt; than frutos secos. It means, dried fruit, like dried mango, dried berries, &lt;code&gt;pasas, ciruelas pasas, higos secos, dátiles, semillas&lt;/code&gt; etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of my favourite desserts is the Christmas Fruitcake, which requires a lot of ... &lt;code&gt;fruta seca&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Frutos secos&lt;/code&gt;, on the other hand, does not sound right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T01:43:27.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-11T02:01:38.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hice chocolate para los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, chocolate is not only the candy, but the hot beverage (hot is implied in this sense). You normally would not make the candy, you would buy it. But if you made the beverage, it is supposed to be a hot infusion of chocolate in water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;code&gt;preparar&lt;/code&gt; means more steps than just &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt;. It is the same as in English you said &lt;code&gt;I prepared some chocolate for the kids&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;I made...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relating to the &lt;code&gt;algo de&lt;/code&gt;, You would say &lt;code&gt;hice chocolate&lt;/code&gt;, an indeterminate, unmeasurable quantity of chocolate. If it is good English to say &lt;code&gt;I made some chocolate&lt;/code&gt;, it would be one of those nuances that differentiate both languages. That is maybe why in English I would say &lt;code&gt;I made chocolate&lt;/code&gt;, being a native Spanish speaker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T19:40:45.267" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T19:40:45.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10562" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10597" CreationDate="2014-12-11T10:49:11.843" Score="3" ViewCount="3690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've met this phrase several times:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Basta ya!&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which from what I found translates to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Enough is enough!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is there a more individual way of saying that you are done with doing something unpleasant or unwanted, even though you gave it a chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That's it! I'm done with you!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm fed up with all this!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I had just about enough!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2788" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T15:57:18.673" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T11:24:25.223" Title="How would you say &quot;I'm done with this!&quot; as in &quot;I had enough&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2014-12-11T12:11:41.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here you have some examples, but there are hundreds like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya tuve suficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paso de todo/esto/de ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No (lo) aguanto más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me rindo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo tolero más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy harto de todo esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta el moño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta la coronilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta las narices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta el cogote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta la madre (Mexican Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other adjectives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cansado/asqueado/hastiado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very rude:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que le den (a algo/a alguien) (+no tolero/aguanto más su...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta los...(órgano masculino del hombre o mujer) de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me cago en Dios / Me cago en todo lo que se menea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T22:08:51.690" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2014-12-11T12:36:55.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy hasta el perno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably local to Peru.  I've never heard it elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy harto de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm fed up with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2014-12-14T23:24:42.443" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T23:24:42.443" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2014-12-11T13:41:02.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are some examples that I mostly hear and use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya he tenido suficiente de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya es suficiente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Basta ya! &lt;em&gt;(or simply)&lt;/em&gt; ¡Basta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me rindo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya no puedo mas con &lt;em&gt;(whatever you're doing)&lt;/em&gt;, me rindo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one examples and adjetives provided by @AlexBcn in his answer are also valid (except the &lt;em&gt;very rude&lt;/em&gt; section).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T20:05:40.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10345" CreationDate="2014-12-11T17:58:13.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;CD´S in spanish is the same form like english&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the pronunciation is (CE-DES)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7145" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T17:58:13.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10539" CreationDate="2014-12-11T18:07:06.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;your translation is perfect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made some hot chocolate for the kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hice un poco de chocolate caliente para los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7145" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T18:07:06.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2014-12-12T06:33:48.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper way to indicate an intonation is using &quot;¿&quot;/&quot;¡&quot; at the begin of the sentence, and &quot;?&quot;/&quot;!&quot; at the finish of it. But nowdays, with Internet and other languages influence, this is missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7148" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T06:33:48.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10555" CreationDate="2014-12-12T13:07:47.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina we use both. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fruta&quot; and &quot;Fruto&quot; are two different words, as it was said above. Which isn't to say there aren't spanish words that have ambiguous gender either (see &quot;mar&quot; [sea] that can be used with both masculine [el mar] and feminine [la mar] articles, though the latter is of a more poetic use), but that doesn't apply on this particular case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Frutas secas&quot; and &quot;Frutos secos&quot; refer to different things, but can be interchangeable. It can cause some confusion, but people will understand you anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Frutas secas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; = &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.ar/search?q=fruta%20abrillantada&amp;amp;client=firefox-a&amp;amp;hs=zhR&amp;amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;amp;channel=sb&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=1OaKVKnSBcWoNu69gZAE&amp;amp;ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frutas abrillantadas/confitadas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, dried fruit. Can be used to refer to &quot;Frutos secos&quot; too. Here that's pretty common, actually, since we use &quot;Fruta abrillantada&quot; a lot more than &quot;Fruta seca&quot;. Not sure in other countries, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Frutos secos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.ar/search?q=fruta%20abrillantada&amp;amp;client=firefox-a&amp;amp;hs=zhR&amp;amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;amp;channel=sb&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=1OaKVKnSBcWoNu69gZAE&amp;amp;ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ#rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;amp;channel=sb&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=frutos%20secos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuts.&lt;/a&gt; You wouldn't use this one to refer to dried fruits, however. &quot;Frutos secos&quot; are always nuts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5721" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T13:07:47.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10526" CreationDate="2014-12-12T13:19:46.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina you can say &quot;Hace dos años que estoy aprendiendo/estudiando alemán&quot; or &quot;Empecé a aprender/estudiar alemán hace dos años&quot; and it's alright. Someone up there said that using &quot;aprendiendo&quot; is wrong but to me it sounds perfectly acceptable, and here it is widely used colloquially. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5721" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T13:19:46.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2014-12-12T13:43:44.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very (and I mean very) colloquial way would be &quot;Me tiene podrido/a&quot;, which is argentinian/uruguayan slang. It literally means that you're rotten but it refers to being incredibly fed up/done with someone/something. You can say it to people too (&quot;¡Me tenés podrido!&quot;) and it can also mean you're bored/tired of something (&quot;Me pudrí de estudiar, así que me voy al cine.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanna be very improper and rude you can also say &quot;Que se vaya a cagar/a la mierda.&quot; (Literally &quot;Go to shit&quot;, both as a verb and as a noun). You probably know these expressions can be used with people but you can also use them to refer to a situation you're done with (&quot;No hago más este ejercicio de matemática, que se vaya a la mierda.&quot;). Following the same idea, you can also say &quot;Lo mandé a la mierda&quot; as a way to express that you were tired/fed up with something/someone and so you stopped paying attention to it/doing it (&quot;La película era muy aburrida así que la mandé a la mierda.&quot;; &quot;Mi hermana me tenía cansado, así que la mandé a cagar.&quot;). &lt;em&gt;Remember all of these are very improper ways of talking, though.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for more proper examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me cansé de esto.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me harté.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No puedo más.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No doy más.&quot; (Argentinian/Uruguayan) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Ya no puedo.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me tiene cansado.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5721" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T13:43:44.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10574" CreationDate="2014-12-12T19:08:52.997" Score="2" ViewCount="1526" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar que se refiere a varias personas (tú y los demás), no he escuchado que se diga &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son tú y los demás.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; (o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sois&lt;/strong&gt; tú y los demás&quot;, atendiendo a diferencias regionales)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es eso correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo similar podría ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú tienes la culpa y los demás también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5531" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-12T19:19:24.890" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T02:18:04.697" Title="¿Es correcto el uso del verbo en &quot;Eres tú y los demás.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10573" CreationDate="2014-12-12T21:22:18.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu primer ejemplo, sería correcto el uso del verbo en segunda persona plural, siendo esta flexión o &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sois&lt;/em&gt; según región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es fácil verificarlo porque al cambiar la posición del verbo y sujeto no creo que quepa duda de la forma correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú y los demás &lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sois&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; guapos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sois&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Son&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; guapos tú y los demás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es así porque se contempla como un sujeto coordinado, es decir, el sujeto es un conjunto formado de ti y de los demás.  Se puede, en cualquier de las oraciones (las dos mías o la tuya) reemplazar &lt;em&gt;tú y los demás&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt; sin ningún cambio de sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu segundo ejemplo, sería correcto el uso del verbo en segunda persona singular, porque no se trata de un sujeto coordinado, sino de oraciones coordinadas, la segunda de la cual tiene un verbo elidido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú tienes la culpa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;…y…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;los demás también (&lt;em&gt;la tienen&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, reemplazar &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt; cambiaría el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T02:18:04.697" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T02:18:04.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1666" CreationDate="2014-12-13T00:38:44.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll find that &quot;Ustedes&quot;, as used in Spanish Bible translations, is mostly a Latin Spanish American form of address. In modern Spanish, as used in Spain, &quot;Vosotros&quot; is the norm, at least in Bibles (also in day to day spoken Spanish). There are some Bible versions which use the &quot;Ustedes&quot; form for Latin American versions and &quot;Vosotros&quot; in Spain (NIV and other versions cater for both forms according to the preferences of the readers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some Latin American countries they use &quot;vos&quot; as a singular form of address (which to Spanish people sounds archaic), but in Spain it is &quot;tú&quot;. &quot;Usted&quot; and &quot;ustedes&quot; is used in most Spanish countries but in Spain it is a more formal way of address. Spanish Bibles using Spanish for Spanish people usually use the &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;vosotros&quot; form.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check Bible versions in Spanish on the Bible Gateway website, which has both Latin American versions and versions for Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T20:16:51.450" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T20:16:51.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10577" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10590" CreationDate="2014-12-13T11:07:01.407" Score="2" ViewCount="405" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If in a diphthong consisting of a weak (i, u) and a strong (a, e, o) vowel the emphasis lies on the weak vowel, an accent is put on it and the diphthong is pronounced in two syllables. For example, we write 'todavía' because it is pronounced as 'to-da-&lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/em&gt;-a'. Are there any words with such a diphthong for which the weak vowel is accentuated and pronounced separately, but the emphasis lies on another syllable? In other words, if the weak vowel is accentuated in virtue of being pronounced separately, will it always be emphasized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en un diptongo consistente en una vocal cerrada (i, u) y una abierta (a, e, o) el énfasis está en la vocal cerrada, se pone un acento en él y el diptongo se pronuncia en dos sílabas. Por ejemplo, se escribe 'todavía' porque se lo pronuncia como 'to-da-&lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/em&gt;-a'. ¿Hay alguna palabra con así diptongo donde la vocal cerrada está acentuada y se pronuncia separadamente, pero el énfasis está en otra sílaba? En otras palabras, ¿si la vocal cerrada está acentuada para estar pronunciada separadamente, siempre se la enfatiza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T15:45:29.677" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T08:30:12.443" Title="Can an accented weak vowel in a diphthong ever not be emphasised?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10577" CreationDate="2014-12-13T13:14:50.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily. But in most of those cases, the pronunciation may vary from person to person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's most evident with certain verbs that require accents in the present tense like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; — /en.&lt;strong&gt;bi&lt;/strong&gt;'ar/ or /en'bjar/ &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;continuar&lt;/em&gt; — /kon.ti.&lt;strong&gt;nu&lt;/strong&gt;'ar/ or /kon.ti'war/ &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and on words where the vowels are in different morphemes like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;estadounidense&lt;/em&gt; — /es.ta.do.&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;.ni'den.se/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T15:43:42.827" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T15:43:42.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10579" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10584" CreationDate="2014-12-13T15:58:38.680" Score="8" ViewCount="859" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se puede utilizar el verbo 'do' como un verbo auxiliar para enfatizar una acción. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You aren't really getting good results at school. - But I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; study hard.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (No estás consiguiendo buenas notas en la escuela. - Pero estudio mucho.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't like listening music, but I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; play the trumpet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (No me gusta escuchar música, pero toco la trompeta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En estos ejemplos la acción no está enfatizado como me gustaría, en la versión española.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Cómo puedo expresar lo mismo en español, sin utilizar el incómodo palabra 'aunque' como en el siguiente ejemplo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta escuchar música, aunque toco la trompeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple utilizar 'pero' no expresa suficientemente lo que sigue, en mi opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English we can use 'do' as an auxiliary verb to emphasise an action. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You aren't really getting good results at school. - But I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; study hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't like listening music, but I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; play the trumpet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I express the same in Spanish, without using the cumbersome 'aunque' as in this example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta escuchar música, aunque toco la trompeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using only 'pero' doesn't emphasize enough what comes next, in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T09:36:21.193" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T09:36:21.193" Title="How to emphasize an action as in &quot;I don't ..., but I *do* ...&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-13T17:57:23.797" Score="6" ViewCount="850" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you tell somebody they are &quot;in the way&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like for example, too many people are in the kitchen and you want to tell somebody that they are &quot;in the way&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás en el camino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other ways to say this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T00:20:55.347" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T10:15:28.847" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;in the way&quot; para expresar que estás siendo bloqueado?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10579" CreationDate="2014-12-13T17:59:03.607" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agregar un simple &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; me parece la opción más obvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No obtengo las mejores calificaciones, aunque sí estudio bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta escuchar música, aunque sí toco el clarinete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también podría funcionar bien cuando se utiliza en inglés para negar una implicación de una acción en negativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿No comes nada?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   - No como mucho, pero &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; como (but I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; eat).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T17:59:03.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10583" CreationDate="2014-12-13T18:48:31.203" Score="5" ViewCount="990" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como se puede traducir 'see' al final de una frase, como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have just started learning Spanish, see.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Acabo de comenzar a aprender español, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can one translate 'see' at the end of a sentence, as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have just started learning Spanish, see.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T15:00:03.120" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T15:06:27.790" Title="How to translate 'see' at the end of a sentence?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10582" CreationDate="2014-12-13T21:41:23.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;see&quot; here is used to emphasize that the speaker wants to ensure that the message was understood by his audience.  In english, it really should be written as a question &quot;..., you see?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understanding it from this perspective, you can translate in a variety of ways.  I would recommend &quot;..., me entiendes?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T21:41:23.487" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10579" CreationDate="2014-12-13T22:49:53.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, la traducción gramaticalmente exacta para el uso de «do» como reafirmación positiva de un enunciado es «sí».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analicemos un poco la gramática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; like fish. ↔ &lt;em&gt;No&lt;/em&gt; me gusta el pescado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, para negar, se usa el verbo auxiliar &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; más el adverbio de negación &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;. En castellano es más simple: no necesitamos ningún verbo auxiliar para la negación, basta añadir el adverbio &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; delante del verbo y ya queda negada la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de aquí, para reafirmar en inglés se hace igual que la negación pero sin el &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;, y en castellano sencillamente tenemos que transformar el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es así porque tanto &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; son adverbios, como &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt;... Todo eso lo podemos poner delante del verbo sin problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; like fish. ↔ &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; me gusta el pescado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a lo de las calificaciones, &lt;em&gt;notas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;calificaciones&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos (&lt;em&gt;notas&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra muy genérica, más coloquial para este uso, y &lt;em&gt;calificaciones&lt;/em&gt; es específica). Puedes usar estas fórmulas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No estoy sacando muy buenas notas. (Con &lt;em&gt;notas&lt;/em&gt; se usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;sacar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No he obtenido buenas calificaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;las mejores calificaciones&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;buenas calificaciones&lt;/em&gt;. El primero es el mejor entre todos (&lt;em&gt;the best&lt;/em&gt;); el segundo es sencillamente bueno (&lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T22:58:14.297" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T22:58:14.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2014-12-13T22:54:04.657" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best way of conveying that someone &quot;is in the way&quot; and is preventing you to access something or go somewhere is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás en medio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other way could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me cierras el paso (o me estás cerrando el paso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T23:01:07.387" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T23:01:07.387" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2014-12-13T23:03:00.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más normal sería &quot;estás en medio&quot;, como ya te han respondido. En Chile también se puede usar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estás a la pasada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T21:54:19.523" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T21:54:19.523" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2014-12-13T23:10:28.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás en medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás en el medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estás en el camino&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;incorrecto&lt;/strong&gt; para este uso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que esto es algo muy idiomático, añado también posibles formas de pedir a alguien que deje de estar en medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;apartar(se)&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¿Puedes apartarte?&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Aparta, por favor.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Aparta de ahí.&lt;/em&gt; / ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;hacerse a un lado&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Hazte a un lado, por favor.&lt;/em&gt; / ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;quitar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¡Quita de ahí!&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Quítate de enmedio.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Quita.&lt;/em&gt; /...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quitar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;apartar&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos en este caso, pero usarás &lt;em&gt;quitar&lt;/em&gt; si eres maleducado o si estás enfadado. En caso contrario, usa las dos primeras fórmulas  (&lt;em&gt;apartar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacerse a un lado&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T23:10:28.157" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10577" CreationDate="2014-12-13T23:14:58.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish every word has &lt;strong&gt;only one&lt;/strong&gt; stressed vowel. Therefore, if the emphasis is on another vowel (away from diphthong) logically no vowel of the diphthong is accentuated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T23:23:13.840" LastActivityDate="2014-12-13T23:23:13.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10582" CreationDate="2014-12-13T23:21:58.893" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me sigues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me entiendes? / ¿entiendes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Comprendes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Vale?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T15:01:35.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10577" CreationDate="2014-12-13T23:51:34.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es un diptongo? Es la pronunciación conjunta de dos vocales en una sola sílaba. En español se dan siempre que estén adyacentes una vocal fuerte (a, e, o) y una vocal débil (i, u) o dos vocales débiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es un hiato? Es la pronunciación en sílabas separadas de dos vocales adyacentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siempre que hay un diptongo la vocal débil (o una de las dos) actúa como semiconsonante. Si este diptongo es la sílaba tónica, la vocal que se lleva el énfasis es la única que hace de vocal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;agua | a-gua | [ˈa.ɣwa]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo vemos cómo la vocal débil no actúa como vocal sino como semiconsonante. También es un ejemplo en que el diptongo está en una sílaba átona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;piano | pia-no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo la sílaba tónica es &lt;em&gt;pia-&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; actúa como semiconsonante y el énfasis recae en la única vocal a efectos de pronunciación: la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siempre que se encuentren gráficamente una vocal débil y una fuerte (no importa el orden), o dos débiles, se pronunciará un diptongo (y por consiguiente la vocal débil será una semiconsonante). Sólo no pasará así si la vocal débil está enfatizada, es decir: 1) actúa como vocal, y 2) forma parte de la sílaba tónica de la palabra. En ese caso es imposible que la vocal adyacente forme parte de la misma sílaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;día | dí-a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no hubiera tilde sobre la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; sería una palabra monosílaba, el énfasis recaería sobre la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; sólo sería una semiconsonante. Pero la partimos porque la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; tiene «el peso», la sílaba tónica es &lt;em&gt;dí-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T08:30:12.443" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T08:30:12.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10404" CreationDate="2014-12-14T18:49:18.670" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto no responde a tu pregunta pero considero que es una aclaración importante, porque creo que aún no tienes muy claros los tiempos verbales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Pretérito» e «imperfecto» no son incompatibles entre sí. Préterito=pasado y perfecto o imperfecto puede ser cualquier acción pasada o futura (presente es siempre imperfecto). (Perfecto alude a un hecho puntual; imperfecto es una acción cuyos principio y fin no son precisos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sonaban: pretérito imperfecto (de indicativo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sonaron: préterito perfecto simple (&quot; &quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Han sonado: pretérito perfecto compuesto (&quot; &quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2014-12-14T18:54:34.633" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T18:54:34.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="137" CreationDate="2014-12-14T19:47:02.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español marcamos las interrogaciones exclusivamente con la entonación. No tenemos marca sintáctica, como en inglés que tienen el auxiliar &lt;em&gt;do/did&lt;/em&gt; y cierta inversión del orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto para los hispanolectores es realmente útil el signo de apertura, pues nos permite captar la intención del emisor apenas comienza la oración, tal como lo hacen en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces en este caso la norma no es sólo otro &quot;abuso de poder&quot; de la RAE, sino que es una auténtica herramienta de buena redacción, que facilita y perfecciona la comunicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T19:47:02.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10577" CreationDate="2014-12-14T22:59:11.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No.&lt;/strong&gt; La tilde sólo se usa para señalar la sílaba acentuada. En las otras sílabas los hiatos no se diferencian ortográficamente de los diptongos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo típico: cliente (&lt;em&gt;cli-en-te&lt;/em&gt;) y diente (&lt;em&gt;dien-te&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T22:59:11.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10582" CreationDate="2014-12-14T23:49:42.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fíjate que acabo de comenzar a aprender español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabes qué? Acabo de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabes que acabo de ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Adivina qué? Acabo de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te voy a contar, acabo de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't like the use of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;me entiendes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or similar ones. Sounds like the English &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;you know what I mean&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It is a very common &quot;crutch&quot; but I find it kind of rude, like you are speaking with someone who is slow to understand. It sounds different when you really mean &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Do you understand?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; maybe because what you are explaining, or the way you have explained it so far, is hard to understand, &lt;em&gt;you know what I mean ?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then, all kinds of combinations, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quitaron las cordales, ¿te había contado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En estos canales hay lagartos, ¿sabías?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo tamaña picada en la espalda, fíjate !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fíjate&lt;/strong&gt; is a very common expression in Mexico. It conveys the idea of paying attention, or taking note of something. I think it would be the closest translation for your &lt;strong&gt;, see&lt;/strong&gt; in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the answer would not be complete without the reference to the phrase made popular by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lachilindrina.com/indexch.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La Chilindrina:&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Fíjate, fíjate, fíjate !&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T15:06:27.790" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T15:06:27.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2014-12-15T13:13:08.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the examples said here express how tired or fed up you are with something/someone, but aren't saying you are definitely going to stop doing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you explicitly want to say you're going to stop doing 'something', I would use any of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se acabó!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Hasta aquí he llegado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Hasta aquí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Se acabó&amp;quot; has almost the same meanings than 'I'm done' depending on the intonation, both: 'I've finished this task' and 'I'm fed up with this, I'm not doing it anymore'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7162" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T13:13:08.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1327" CreationDate="2014-12-15T16:49:35.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Royal Academy of the Spanish Languaje changed the spelling of words in 1754 when published the new edition of &quot;Ortografia de la lengua castellana&quot;, which pretty much defined modern spelling. One of the changes was that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;/h/&lt;/a&gt; sound would be spelled with j instead of x, while x would only represent the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;/x/&lt;/a&gt; sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many words that had an &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt; had to change to &lt;code&gt;J&lt;/code&gt;, like Xavier changed to Javier (both names are still in use today). However, some proper names and the names of places stayed the same, like Mexico, Oaxaca and Texas, sometimes the name Mexico is spelled Méjico in Spain, following the new rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also changed names that start with big I (Iota) now Jota (J) like Iesus changed to Jesus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This update to the languages happens in every language, even South Korea updated their languages's spelling in 2008, and now South Korea and North Korea have different spellings of some words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T13:56:09.670" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T13:56:09.670" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-12-15T16:49:35.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10600" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:03:48.890" Score="2" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the phrase &lt;strong&gt;«a caballo de»&lt;/strong&gt; being translated as «to be ahead of the game». I'm reading a book, and the sentence doesn't seem to relate to this meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La nada es un &quot;ens per accidens&quot; del ente finito, se encuentra como a caballo de él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book is «Metafisica» by EUNSA publisher, and the author are Tomas Alvira, Luis Clavell and Tomas Melendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T06:46:44.663" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T06:46:44.663" Title="Meaning of idiomatic phrase: «a caballo de»" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10599" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:31:06.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always heard that expression as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A caballo entre A y B&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the almost obvious meaning of being between A and B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahead of the game&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be better translated with other idioms like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir en cabeza (or Ir por delante de)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sacar un cuerpo (o varios) de ventaja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevar la delantera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;than &quot;A caballo de&quot;. That doesn't convey in Spanish &quot;to be ahead of&quot; by any means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since your reference is not using &quot;A caballo entre A and B&quot; but &quot;A caballo de&quot; my guess is that is trying to convey a really literal meaning of being &lt;strong&gt;&quot;on top of&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; something. the reference has such a metaphysical meaning that is actually difficult for me figure out if it makes sense for the &lt;em&gt;Nothing&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to be on top of&quot; the &lt;em&gt;Finite Being&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T18:51:11.720" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T18:51:11.720" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10601" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T20:33:25.870" Score="1" ViewCount="713" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fire (as in a forest fire)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fire (as in your fireplace at home)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fire (as in a light for a cigarette)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fire (as in a camp fire)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fireplace (the kind in your house)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thank you so much!  i love this website!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T21:37:56.363" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T01:15:29.690" Title="Diferentes maneras de denominar fuegos" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-12-16T02:02:48.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T20:43:14.393" Score="1" ViewCount="2361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get very confused when I see &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; in front of some verbs in Spanish or about when to put it in front of a verb when writing in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my understanding I think it is used when someone is trying to say &amp;quot;you&amp;quot; as in &amp;quot;you in general&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;they&amp;quot; as in they in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if I were to say they put pesticide on the vegetables but was not talking about anybody specifically as in they in general, would I say....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pone pesticida sobre las verduras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or do I have to use &amp;quot;pone&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;ellos&amp;quot; form because I said they....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ponen pesticida sobre las verduras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can somebody help me figure this out and what the difference in these two sentences are?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pone pesticida sobre las verduras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pone&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; pesticida sobre las verduras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T21:33:58.407" Title="Why &quot;se&quot; in front of some verbs?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10601" CreationDate="2014-12-15T20:51:06.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have &lt;code&gt;Fuego&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Lumbre&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Fogata&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Hoguera&lt;/code&gt;, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fogata&lt;/code&gt; is something that you can start in the forest, like a camp fire to roast marshmallows or burn weeds. Is not big.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hoguera&lt;/code&gt; is a big fire. Think of the bonfires of Saint John or burning a witch in a stake. A fire of that size is called &lt;code&gt;Hoguera&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fuego&lt;/code&gt; is the most common and generic word for the fire element. You can refer with that word to almost everything, from &lt;em&gt;El fuego de la chimenea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt; (The fire in the fireplace)&lt;/sub&gt;  to the fire that is devastating a forest (by the way, that would be called an &lt;em&gt;incendio&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Incendio forestal&lt;/em&gt;, if is in the forest and just &lt;em&gt;incendio&lt;/em&gt; if is a building. &lt;em&gt;Chimenea&lt;/em&gt; is Spanish for &lt;em&gt;fireplace&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lumbre&lt;/code&gt; is a smaller fire, used to cook or to heat the place in the old houses (the &lt;code&gt;lumbre&lt;/code&gt; used to heat the place would be considered smaller than the fire in a fireplace). With that word you can describe not only a household fire, but the material that use are using to burn (&quot;Tráeme algo de lumbre para el fuego, que se está apagando&quot;&lt;sub&gt; Bring me some lumber for the fire&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard some people use &lt;code&gt;lumbre&lt;/code&gt; when they ask you to light their cigarette (probably because the fire in a lighter or match is so small) but the most common word for that is &lt;code&gt;fuego&lt;/code&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdona, me das fuego? &lt;sub&gt;excuse me, could you light my cigarette?&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, sorted by size&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incendio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoguera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuego (en la chimenea) o fogata (en el campo) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=cGI7IWd46DXX2x4P153c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lumbre&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llama (for a lighter, matches or a candle. Kudos to @Paloma for this one [see comments])&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T01:15:29.690" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10601" CreationDate="2014-12-15T20:58:51.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Incendio forestal, o incendio en general es un fuego sin control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chimenea u hogar, el lugar donde se hace fuego para calentarse en la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fogón para cocinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fogata en el campamento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoguera para quemar o incinerar cosas o personas. En hogueras quemaban a las brujas y a los herejes en la Edad Media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuego, fósforos o encendedor para los cigarrillos. También lumbre, mecha y otras formas populares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T20:58:51.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10602" CreationDate="2014-12-15T21:00:18.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither &quot;you&quot; nor &quot;they&quot;. In this case &quot;se&quot; is an &lt;em&gt;indefinition&lt;/em&gt; marker. (I'm not sure of the translation of &lt;em&gt;indefinition&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used mainly in instructions. Means that the subject of the sentence is someone, anyone, either, not a defined person (&lt;em&gt;impersonal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; pone pesticida sobre las verduras = [someone] puts pesticide on vegetables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately (for you), the word &quot;se&quot; has several other uses, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passive subject with active verb (&lt;em&gt;reflexive passive&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La carne &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; cocina tres horas.  (La carne es cocinada tres horas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verb means a reciprocal action (&lt;em&gt;reciprocal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; mostraron las medallas. (Él le mostró a ella y ella le mostró a él)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verb means an action that falls on the subject (&lt;em&gt;reflexive&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; maquilla. (María se maquilla a sí misma)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indicates the beginning of an action (&lt;em&gt;inchoative&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; puso a llover (acaba de empezar a llover)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personal pronoun of the third person in the dative function&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; la presté (le presté una guitarra &lt;strong&gt;a Juan&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;Juan&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T21:24:06.320" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T21:24:06.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10602" CreationDate="2014-12-15T21:12:15.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is being used to form an impersonal statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se pone pesticida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who puts it ... unknown, it is impersonal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is put ... pesticida (singular, that is why pone is in singular)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se forman bolitas con la carne (like in a recipe for albóndigas=meatballs)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who makes the balls (unknown, it is impersonal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is formed, balls, plural, there you go, forman is plural.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se forman burbujas en el agua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se producen olas inmensas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This use of se to form impersonal phrases gets used a lot in business, when you are offering services:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se cose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se reparan llantas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se hacen pasteles por encargo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se venden cigarros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se vende ropa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se necesita empleado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se necesitan motoristas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; has also many other uses, though&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T22:02:46.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3126" CreationDate="2014-12-15T22:12:57.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otras posibles alternativas pueden ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cancelar&lt;/em&gt; suscripción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anular&lt;/em&gt; suscripción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T22:12:57.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10608" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T23:05:55.473" Score="4" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;My computer based Spanish course just served up a lesson where they translated &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; to mean &lt;code&gt;to turn&lt;/code&gt; when giving directions (and did so on multiple occasions).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This confused me as I understood &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; to mean &lt;code&gt;to cross&lt;/code&gt;, and expected &lt;code&gt;girar&lt;/code&gt; to be used for turning.  And two online dictionaries and my paper dictionary do not seem to mention any usage of &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; have anything to do with turning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet when I went to google, it translated both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;usted debe &lt;strong&gt;cruzar&lt;/strong&gt; a la derecha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;usted debe &lt;strong&gt;girar&lt;/strong&gt; a la derecha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as the same thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should &lt;strong&gt;turn&lt;/strong&gt; right&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing in the use of &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; overlapping &lt;code&gt;girar&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my language course continues to use &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;to turn&lt;/code&gt;.  The following is some dialog from the lesson I am doing now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) y luego vas a &lt;strong&gt;cruzar&lt;/strong&gt; a la derecha (...) En la calle treinta &lt;strong&gt;cruzas&lt;/strong&gt; a la derecha y caminas media cuadra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and their translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) And then you're going to turn right (...) In street Thirty you'll turn right and walk half a block.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did what I should have done and went to the website of my language course, where someone else has asked the exact same question.  There was a comment that indicated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;this verb seems to be only used to say &quot;to turn&quot; in some parts of&#xA;  Colombia, and in Venezuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone confirm this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T06:52:59.337" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T06:52:59.337" Title="Is it valid to use 'cruzar' to indicate turning? Shouldn't it be 'girar'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10608" CreationDate="2014-12-15T23:38:58.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá sea una fusión de: «En el siguiente cruce gire a la derecha». O una manera resumida de decir «cruzar situándose en el lado derecho».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos palabras (cruzar, girar) significan principalmente lo que has dicho. Yo no creo haber oído la expresión «cruzar a la derecha», pero, si realmente se usa, si no se trata de lo que te he dicho en el primer párrafo -algo entendible por el contexto-, creo que no te estás perdiendo nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T23:38:58.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10610" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10628" CreationDate="2014-12-16T03:02:53.003" Score="5" ViewCount="1043" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I pronounce subscripts and superscripts when read in Spanish mathematics?  For example, how should I say &quot;A&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&quot; and &quot;A&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4213" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T15:56:50.877" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T15:56:50.877" Title="How are subscripts and superscripts read in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10610" CreationDate="2014-12-16T03:24:25.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=4&amp;amp;sqi=2&amp;amp;ved=0CD0QFjAD&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rmm.cl%2Fusuarios%2Fcjara%2Fdoc%2F200802171451400.notacionmatematica.doc&amp;amp;ei=QqWPVPiSMsSqggSz_YKABQ&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNG31qgRLPPIq-Eh3GG37ygvzVBueg&amp;amp;sig2=TQ_HU4Hz8N1o0uel674T8Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guide for teachers&lt;/a&gt;, it says superscripts should be read as &lt;em&gt;elevado a X&lt;/em&gt;,   If the subscript is for bases, then you'd read it as &lt;em&gt;en base X&lt;/em&gt;, otherwise (for sets and series), it's read as &lt;em&gt;sub X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I just asked a friend who is a math professor from Argentina, though he's lived in the US for a while.  He confirmed the reading of &lt;em&gt;A&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;a sub uno&lt;/em&gt;.  But he said that &lt;em&gt;A&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; would be read as &lt;em&gt;a a la una&lt;/em&gt; such that for him something like &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;sup&gt;x-1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;ye a la equis menos uno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-16T15:53:10.740" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T15:53:10.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10612" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-16T11:49:44.607" Score="5" ViewCount="66399" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente me molesta ver preguntas escritas con la siguiente puntuación frecuente en correos electrónicos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y tú vas a ir????&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hoy noté que lo análogo con signos de admiración es posible: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;c) En obras literarias es posible escribir dos o tres signos de exclamación para indicar mayor énfasis en la entonación exclamativa: ¡¡¡Traidor!!!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lema.rae.es&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces ¿es posible un doble o triple signo de interrogación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-12-24T14:41:44.850" LastActivityDate="2019-12-24T14:41:44.850" Title="¿Se permite el triple signo de interrogación? Is &quot;???&quot; allowed?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10612" CreationDate="2014-12-16T14:05:33.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que las &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reglas que citas&lt;/a&gt; explican que se puede hacer con los signos de exclamación como una excepción o uso especial y no dice nada sobre los de interrogación debemos entender que, por lo menos de momento, &lt;strong&gt;ese tipo de uso no está recogido o permitido&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que se pueden poner varios signos de exclamación para dar más énfasis (estás realmente interesado en la respuesta a tu pregunta). Siempre puedes gritar más y más alto, pero no puedes &quot;preguntar más&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T14:05:33.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10612" CreationDate="2014-12-16T14:37:50.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que para hablar de lo que está &quot;correcto&quot; o &quot;permitido&quot; tú mismo ya pusiste la mejor referencia posible en el artículo de la RAE, donde aparecen claramente todas las posibilidades y obligaciones de estos signos de puntuación. Ahí no se menciona el uso de varios signos de interrogación y se aclara que en el caso de los de exclamación múltiple, es lenguaje literario. O sea, no se debe usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, la respuesta de Diego nos deja más que clara la lógica del asunto: no se puede multiplicar la intensidad de una pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no creo que haya ningún problema en usar cualquier recurso disponible para dar más expresividad al lenguaje informal. (Esto es una opinión). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si escribes un artículo periodístico, una circular para tu empresa, un informe, un blog, una respuesta para StackExchange, etc., es indispensable apegarse a todas las reglas posibles porque tus interlocutores son variados y necesitan un mensaje estandarizado, con toda la ayuda explícita posible para decodificar correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en la conversación familiar no creo que haya nada grave en &quot;saltarse&quot; reglas blandas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como en el lenguaje oral disponemos de juegos de entonación, modificaciones de las pausas y todos los gestos y ademanes del mundo, en el lenguaje escrito disponemos de tipografías, signos de puntuación e íconos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si para expresarme quiero usar flechitas, íconos tipográficos o MAYÚSCULAS, ¡¡¡bienvenidos sean!!!........ ;) , siempre y cuando el receptor sea la persona adecuada. (Por supuesto que no vamos a agregar aquí los errores, que son los que empobrecen la comunicación, como confusión de letras, mal vocabulario, desorden, ausencia de puntos, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, si en un correo electrónico te multiplican los signos de interrogación no es nada grave. Todo lo contrario: te dejan claro de una forma simple y expresiva que no es una pregunta cualquiera, sino que por algún contexto que ustedes dos manejan, es una pregunta más importante o compleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T14:37:50.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10612" CreationDate="2014-12-16T15:34:24.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recolectando la información de las otras respuestas creo que, como se esperaba, no debe estar permitida tal exageración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por si eso no fuese convincente, creo que hay un par de probables orígenes del múltiple signo de interrogación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enfatizar que se trata de una pregunta.&lt;/em&gt; ¿Puede ser que un solo signo pase inadvertido? El español tiene dos. Estoy seguro que si se agrega el primero (lo cual de hecho es la única forma correcta de preguntar) se disminuyen las probabilidades de que el lector (letrado o no) no lo perciba.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y tú vas a ir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Querer expresar sorpresa&lt;/em&gt;. Si no se hallasen los signos para expresar que uno está sorprendido y pregunta al mismo tiempo, la solución no es una repetición de los signos de pregunta, sino combinar estos con los de sorpresa usando &lt;strong&gt;¿¡ (texto) !?&lt;/strong&gt;, como en este ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Hoy es el entierro de mi amante. Ahí estará su esposa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿¡Y tú vas a ir!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apurar al interlocutor.&lt;/em&gt; Ésta quizá sea otra razón. Incluso es común algo así como &lt;code&gt;?!?!?!&lt;/code&gt;. Nuevamente los signos de interrogación son suficientes; quizá agregar el texto &quot;&lt;em&gt;es urgente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, mas tantos signos no son necesarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T14:35:27.637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T14:35:27.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10610" CreationDate="2014-12-16T16:34:27.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A subscript is almost always read &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;. As for superscripts, if it is a power, it is read &lt;em&gt;elevado a la&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;a la&lt;/em&gt;; but, if it is a real superscript (not the exponent of a power), it is read &lt;em&gt;super&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KMTo4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt; would read &lt;em&gt;a super i sub jota&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of this use can be found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/caidv/interedvisual/ftp/cmu_88_98.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;this document&quot;&gt;this document&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2014-12-17T09:02:44.577" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T09:02:44.577" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10618" CreationDate="2014-12-16T22:02:23.137" Score="2" ViewCount="3042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that I can never join two Preterite verbs with &lt;code&gt;Mientras&lt;/code&gt;, since it implies an ongoing action, but what can I do with &lt;code&gt;mientras&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it acceptable to have a Preterite and Imperfect verb joined by &lt;code&gt;Mientras&lt;/code&gt;? Also, are there any restrictions with &lt;code&gt;Cuando&lt;/code&gt; or can I join any past tense verbs with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8636" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T04:37:29.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T02:55:28.683" Title="What can I do with &quot;Mientras&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10617" CreationDate="2014-12-16T23:25:29.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Yes&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is perfectly acceptable to use mientras with both preterite and imperfect.&#xA;With &lt;code&gt;mientras&lt;/code&gt; you can have either two imperfect conjugations or one with a preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras me estaba duchando mi hermanito subió la temperatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo gané mucho dinero mientras tú echabas la hueva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo comí mientras tú bebías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros nos bajábamos del ascensor mientras ellas se subían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dinosaurios se ponían nerviosos mientras explotaba el sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lloraba mientras mi hermanito me quemaba &lt;em&gt;al subir la temperatura del agua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T00:24:18.280" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10608" CreationDate="2014-12-17T00:56:50.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are correct because I learned that &lt;code&gt;cruzar&lt;/code&gt; means to cross and &lt;code&gt;girar&lt;/code&gt; means to turn. I also checked on google translate and wrote &quot;You should cross right&quot; and it translated saying &quot;usted debe cruzar a la derecha&quot;. Then I wrote &quot;You should turn right&quot; and translated saying &quot;usted debe girar a la derecha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mapa me dio instrucciones y me dijo que girar a la izquierda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English is saying:The map gave me directions and told me to turn left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mapa me dio instrucciones y me dijo que cruzar la calle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English is saying: The map gave me directions and told me to cross the street&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-17T03:04:55.497" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T03:04:55.497" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10622" CreationDate="2014-12-17T01:23:09.173" Score="5" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a recent conversation with a native speaker from the Dominican Republic, she used the phrase &quot;llevarle su vida&quot;. In the context, I took this to mean &quot;live his/her life for him/her&quot; or be controlling over what the other person did. Is this a correct understanding of the phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7173" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T00:20:36.153" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T00:20:36.153" Title="What does &quot;llevarle su vida&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10620" CreationDate="2014-12-17T02:38:38.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess is is that she was trying to convey what you guessed in your comment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no quería llevarle la vida&lt;sub&gt; I didn't want to interfere in his life; I didn't want to cause him pain&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your hunch is probably right, since you have most of the context of that conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, the expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llevarte la vida / llevarte toda la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usually means &amp;quot;to take a long time&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contar todas las estrellas del cielo podría llevarte toda la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás pintando las paredes con ese pincel tan pequeño? Así va a llevarte toda la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprender bien takewondo te puede llevar la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juanito está contando los granos de arroz de ese paquete. Le va a llevar la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, note that this expression id different from &amp;quot;llevar una vida&amp;quot; &lt;sub&gt; To life a live (e.g to live a life of excess, llevar una vida de exceso) &lt;/sub&gt; or &amp;quot;llevársele su vida&amp;quot;&lt;sub&gt; Take his life &lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T02:58:00.247" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10620" CreationDate="2014-12-17T04:08:26.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is probably subject to some regional flavor variation, and I'm not very familiar with Dominican Spanish, but here's my guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Llevar&quot; is sometimes used as &lt;em&gt;drive&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;guide&lt;/em&gt;. In this context it could mean to make someone else's decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.e: I understand &quot;Yo no quería llevarle su vida&quot; approximately as &quot;I didn't want to make his/her choices&quot; or &quot;I didn't want to be responsible for where he/she took his life to&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; with this meaning, it's very usual. As in &lt;em&gt;&quot;llevar a alguien de la mano&quot;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;take someone by the hand&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3051" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T04:08:26.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10383" CreationDate="2014-12-17T05:01:00.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it should be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hacia 1907, la muerte de Cézanne y las influencias del arte africano DAN paso a un nuevo cambio en el pintor, su época negra, que DIÓ a una de sus más geniales creaciones: el cubismo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;however, the time that was written is crucial, the spanish in 1700-1800-1900 is really different from the spanish that we can see today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, and this is for Diego: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ayer llega mi compañero de piso del trabajo, da un portazo y se mete en su habitación. Luego sale y empieza a quejarse de todo.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is correct but almost 90% of the people instead of saying &quot;Ayer llega&quot; says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot; Ayer llegó mi compañero de piso del trabajo, dió un portazo y se metió en su habitación. Luego salió y empezó a quejarse de todo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7176" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:23:52.717" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:23:52.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10582" CreationDate="2014-12-17T05:14:01.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started learning Spanish, see. &#xA;See means &quot;ves&quot;, and u can use it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recién empecé a aprender español, ¿ves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't suggest using &quot;¿vale?&quot;, &quot;¿captas?&quot;, &quot;¿me sigues?&quot; because that's informal and it's used only by spanish people, so if you want to use spanish in south america you shouldn't use them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More formal is &quot;¿entiende usted?&quot;, you can use &quot;¿vale?&quot;, &quot;¿captas?&quot;, &quot;¿me sigues?&quot; only if you are talking to a friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7176" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T15:03:55.623" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T15:03:55.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10626" CreationDate="2014-12-17T11:14:28.653" Score="2" ViewCount="463" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following two spanish sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me estaba bañando&lt;/strong&gt; cuando sonó el teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras &lt;strong&gt;me bañaba&lt;/strong&gt;, sonó el teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use imperfect tense describing an action (Me estaba bañando, me bañaba)  when something else happened in Preterite tense (sonó el teléfono).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we also combine and write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras me estaba bañando, sonó el teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When do we use &lt;em&gt;Me estaba bañando&lt;/em&gt; and when &lt;em&gt;me bañaba&lt;/em&gt;? For me both seems equal phrases, meaning the action of washing myself (in the imperfect tense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7178" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T16:28:08.280" Title="Estar + gerundio, ¿qué significa?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-12-26T23:29:47.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10625" CreationDate="2014-12-17T13:26:58.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the example you give us, virtually no difference between &amp;quot;bañaba&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estaba bañando&amp;quot;. You can use them both in the same sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you want more accuracy or understand the difference, consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; (imperfect tense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indicates that an action happened several times in the past, regardless of their completion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras me bañaba sonó el teléfono. [I had not finished my bath when the phone rang]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi abuela me bañaba en un balde. [She bathed me more than once]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar + gerundio&lt;/strong&gt; (progressive tenses):&#xA;indicates that an action takes place over a period&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me estaba bañando cuando sonó el teléfono. [The call occurs during the course of the bath]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T13:26:58.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10625" CreationDate="2014-12-17T13:31:57.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba duchándome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me estaba duchando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above two sentences are exactly the same.  Each one expresses an ongoing action; in your case, in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me duchaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence however, is very indicative.  &lt;code&gt;I showered.&lt;/code&gt;  But did I shower everyday?  When was I showering? How long was I showering?  Did I shower everyday? Using the indicative leaves the sentence open to interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T13:42:33.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10610" CreationDate="2014-12-17T18:36:03.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparte de &lt;em&gt;súper&lt;/em&gt;, el superíndice también se puede leer como &lt;em&gt;supra&lt;/em&gt;: x&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; se leería como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;equis supra uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que notar que no estamos hablando de exponentes en una potencia ni de orden de una derivada. Eso se escribe como un superíndice pero, así como la función del superíndice es distinguir una variable de otra, el exponente y el orden de una derivada implican una operación sobre la variable, y por eso tienen una lectura relacionada con su función y no con su escritura (x elevado a 1; (primera) derivada de x; derivada 1-ésima de x...) y los superíndices leen como superíndices (&lt;em&gt;super&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;supra&lt;/em&gt;), no como exponentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado que, &lt;strong&gt;en la práctica&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque técnicamente se haya de leer &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;súper&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;supra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;muchas veces se omite esto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si por ejemplo tienes un vector x=(x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;), si no hay confusión con superíndices, las componentes se leen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;equis uno, equis dos, ..., equis ene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo sería para superíndices, si no hay uso simultáneo de subíndices y por tanto confusión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para matrices, donde las notaciones más usales son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A=(a&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;j&lt;/sup&gt;),&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A=(a&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt;),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en la práctica (nuevamente si no hay confusión) tranquilamente se lee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a i jota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay que remarcar que &lt;strong&gt;no todos los subíndices se leen como tal&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo, si X es un espacio topológico con la topología asociada τ&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt;, a τ&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; se la leerá como &lt;em&gt;la topología de equis&lt;/em&gt;. Otro ejemplo: la norma euclídea, normalmente escrita || · ||&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, donde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;||x||&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se lee como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;norma euclídea de equis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los casos de las potencias o, como el ejemplo que ofrece @guifa, del logaritmo, son algo diferentes del caso común, pues tienen un concepto matemático implícito, afectan con algún tipo de operación matemática a la variable sobre la que están. No son para distinguir, simplemente, un elemento de otro o hacer una enumeración de variables -eso lo hacen los subíndices y superíndices. Las derivadas, las potencias, los logaritmos, los límites...  Todo eso se corresponde con un concepto matemático determinado y se lee en correspondencia a ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La función logaritmo. Cuando no es el &lt;em&gt;neperiano&lt;/em&gt;, debemos indicar la base de esta manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;log&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;x se lee «logaritmo en base a de equis».&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  log&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;x se lee «logaritmo en base diez de equis».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los límites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lím&lt;sub&gt;x→a&lt;/sub&gt;f(x)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se lee&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «el límite cuando equis tiende a a de efe de equis».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2015-01-10T11:18:56.540" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T11:18:56.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10629" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10630" CreationDate="2014-12-18T01:12:47.610" Score="7" ViewCount="3801" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo nací en los años setenta y me casé en los noventa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis hijos nacieron en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y ahora estamos en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que no hay una respuesta única, pero ¿qué forma cómoda y correcta recomiendan para denominar las dos primeras décadas de un siglo? ¿En algún país se solucionó este vacío?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aprovecho de preguntar esto otro: ¿los ochenta o los &lt;em&gt;ochentas&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T14:10:44.830" Title="¿Cómo se llaman las primeras dos décadas del siglo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10629" CreationDate="2014-12-18T01:39:12.577" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues supongo que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;en la primera/segunda década del siglo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; respectivamente. A partir de ahí ya puedes usar construcciones como &quot;en los años veinte&quot; o &quot;en los (años) setenta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos el mismo problema para los años en las edades de las personas. Puedes decir que alguien tiene veintitantos o treinta y tantos años, pero no que tiene &lt;em&gt;&quot;diecitantos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (Ni siquiera en inglés &lt;em&gt;teenager&lt;/em&gt; recoge todo el rango de la década). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En español hasta el número dieciséis no empezamos a escribir con el mismo prefijo a los números comprendidos en una misma decena&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las décadas de que se compone un siglo, se expresan preferentemente utilizando los numerales cardinales que designan cada decena. Debido a la manera en la que formamos los &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot;&gt;cardinales numerales&lt;/a&gt; en español no podemos nombrar los números 1-9 y 10-19 con un prefijo común, a diferencia de la manera en que podemos con los veintitantos, treinta y tantos, etc. (aunque me he columpiado un poco al llamarlo &quot;prefijo&quot;, ya que los &lt;em&gt;dieci-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;veinti-&lt;/em&gt; se escriben con una sola palabra y el resto separado). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso en los numerales sólo tenemos términos para nombrar las decenas a partir de la segunda decena: veinte, treinta, cuarenta... Date cuenta que en tu ejemplo hay una elipsis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo nací en &lt;em&gt;(la década de)&lt;/em&gt; los años setenta y me casé en &lt;em&gt;(la década de )&lt;/em&gt; los &lt;em&gt;(años)&lt;/em&gt; noventa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y al no poder señalar la decena a la que corresponden esos años no podemos usar la construcción &quot;En (la década de) los (años) sesenta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder a tu segunda pregunta, lo correcto es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;los ochenta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y no &quot;los ochenta&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, ya que las décadas de que se compone un siglo se expresan utilizando los numerales cardinales que designan cada decena, siempre en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T02:30:24.337" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T02:30:24.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2014-12-18T03:49:27.620" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás en el camino is incorrect but You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;usted está en mi camino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means which is saying &quot;you are in my way&quot;. You could do another way like, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estás en mi manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which also means &quot;You are in my way&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T19:47:30.630" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T19:47:30.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10632" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10633" CreationDate="2014-12-18T11:16:28.653" Score="2" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a &quot;contextual&quot; translation I just found online a few minutes ago:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cariño, eres un poco empezando a preocuparnos un poco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Honey, you're kind of starting to worry us a little.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source of this translation is &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/poco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;contexto.reverso.net&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: Why are we using &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in this construct? While learning Spanish, I was taught that present participle in the context of continuous action always takes &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; because of the temporal nature of the said action. Why are we, then, making an exception here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T09:27:24.300" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T09:27:24.300" Title="&quot;Ser&quot; vs. &quot;estar&quot; with continuous actions, i.e. present participle" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales-progresivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10632" CreationDate="2014-12-18T11:19:18.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sentence is wrong, the correct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cariño, estás empezando a preocuparnos un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This fits what you were taught, which is right and proper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T09:26:37.003" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T09:26:37.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10636" CreationDate="2014-12-18T12:22:55.660" Score="2" ViewCount="3749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My cousin lent me his camera for two days.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following constructs would be more natural and why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. Mi primo me prestó su cámara &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; dos días.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. Mi primo me prestó su cámara &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; dos días.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T13:40:22.500" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T09:39:21.743" Title="&quot;Por&quot; vs. &quot;para&quot; in time expressions (duration)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10634" CreationDate="2014-12-18T12:58:17.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second one is incorrect. When talking about a time interval, &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; is used. &lt;code&gt;Para&lt;/code&gt; would be used for denoting, for example, a reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve en Barcelona &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; 3 días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve en Barcelona &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; visitar a mi primo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T13:38:58.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10634" CreationDate="2014-12-18T13:11:05.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is the correct answer.&#xA;You could substitute it for &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; in this context, and you use it to talk about periods of time. Since I'm from Spain, &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; sounds more natural in this case, but in some countries of Latin America they'd use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; more naturally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd use &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; to talk about the reason why the camera was lent to you. E.g. &lt;em&gt;me dejó la cámara para sacar fotos&lt;/em&gt; (he lent me his camera to take pictures).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't give you a particular rule to choose between &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, they are similar to &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt; in English, they have many different usages and rules, and you'll be able to choose better between them with practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; can also be used to talk about time, but instead of periods of time like &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, you use it for deadlines. E.g. &lt;em&gt;quiero el trabajo listo para el 3 de enero&lt;/em&gt; (I want the job done by the 3rd of January).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T13:11:05.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10638" CreationDate="2014-12-18T13:21:30.340" Score="7" ViewCount="1838" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would it be &lt;strong&gt;el fin de semana próxima&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;el fin de semana próximo&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;next weekend&lt;/em&gt;? And how would you say &lt;em&gt;last weekend&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T03:35:50.290" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T03:38:31.583" Title="Gender agreement with &quot;fin de semana&quot;" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10637" CreationDate="2014-12-18T13:29:14.260" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;em&gt;fin&lt;/em&gt; is a masculine noun and goes with &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;, adjectives that modify it go in masculine form, too. So it's &lt;em&gt;el fin de semana próximo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;el próximo fin de semana&lt;/em&gt; (this one sounds more natural to me, but the other form might be more natural in other regions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Last weekend&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;el fin de semana pasado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T03:38:31.583" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T03:38:31.583" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10639" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10640" CreationDate="2014-12-18T14:09:34.133" Score="1" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does &lt;code&gt;hasta&lt;/code&gt; translate in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acá viví hasta los veinte años.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following would be the appropriate way to read it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. I lived here for 20 years.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. I lived here until I was 20.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T14:26:00.407" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T18:18:57.693" Title="Usage of &quot;hasta&quot; in time phrases" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10639" CreationDate="2014-12-18T14:25:35.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second one. &lt;code&gt;Hasta&lt;/code&gt; is used to denote a period of time, but it conveys the meaning of &lt;code&gt;until&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hasta&lt;/code&gt; can have different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;until / till&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy a quedar en España hasta el final de las navidades &lt;sub&gt; I'm going to stay in Spain until the end of Christmas &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos quedamos hasta el final &lt;sub&gt;We stayed till the very end&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;up to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llené el vaso hasta arriba &lt;sub&gt; I filled the glass up to the top &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;down to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La temperatura cayó hasta los -10 grados &lt;sub&gt; Temperature drop down to -10 degrees &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se pasa hasta una hora viendo la tele &lt;sub&gt; Sometimes he spends up to one hour watching tv &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;as far as&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pájaros volaron hasta el horizonte &lt;sub&gt; The birds flew as far as the horizon &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta mi propio hermano cree que grito mucho &lt;sub&gt; Even my own brother thinks I yell too much &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta los niños saben eso &lt;sub&gt; Even toddlers know that&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;including&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Limpió (toda la casa) hasta el garaje &lt;sub&gt; He cleaned everything, including the garage &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T15:59:54.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10642" CreationDate="2014-12-18T14:47:27.983" Score="3" ViewCount="1068" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both translate as now. How does one decide which one to use in which context? My understanding is that &lt;strong&gt;ahora&lt;/strong&gt; is more like &quot;right now, at this moment&quot; whereas &lt;strong&gt;actualmente&lt;/strong&gt; has a broader sense such as &quot;during these times&quot; or &quot;nowadays.&quot; Is my understanding correct or even close? Consider the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'll home any time now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;She wanted to go out right now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The country is at war with its neighbor now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It will be four years now (since I last saw her).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Music is more ubiquitous now than it was a century ago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think we will use &lt;strong&gt;ahora&lt;/strong&gt; with 1 and 2 and &lt;strong&gt;actualmente&lt;/strong&gt; with the rest (3, 4, and 5). Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:18:13.060" Title="&quot;Actualmente&quot; vs. &quot;ahora&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10641" CreationDate="2014-12-18T15:21:41.557" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are completely right that &lt;code&gt;actualmente&lt;/code&gt; translates better as &quot;nowadays&quot; than &quot;now&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the examples I think that you are almost right but number four should use &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will be four years now (since I last saw her). Hará ahora cuatro años (&lt;em&gt;que no la&lt;/em&gt; veo o &lt;em&gt;desde la última vez que la vi&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First two should use &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt; and three and five are better suited for &lt;code&gt;actualmente&lt;/code&gt; but you could use &lt;code&gt;ahora&lt;/code&gt; too, and convey the same meaning. Take into account that both &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=actualmente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;actualmente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=MI3f10iCCDXX2voaUUYL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el tiempo presente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T15:21:41.557" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10641" CreationDate="2014-12-18T19:51:44.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me &lt;code&gt;actualmente&lt;/code&gt; fits better in &quot;nowadays&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your sentences keep in mind the use of &quot;por el momento&quot; or &quot;en este instante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll be/get home any time now. (Estaré en casa &lt;strong&gt;en instantes&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7188" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:18:13.060" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:18:13.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10634" CreationDate="2014-12-19T00:31:19.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm quoting here from &quot;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&quot; by John Butt and Carmen Benjamin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; are interchangeable in time expressions fixing the duration of some future need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; is used to translate the idea of 'for' a specified period of time in the future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They use some example sentences such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo queremos la habitación por/para unos días.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  Tenemos agua para tres días.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  Vamos a tener lluvía para rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the use of &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; in time phrases, they say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por&lt;/em&gt; means 'for' when referring to brief moments of time (seconds, minutes, etc.), when the speaker emphasizes the shortness of the period. The preposition may in some cases be omitted altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on this information, I think they both could be correct depending if the sentence is referring to a future in the past or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7173" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T00:31:19.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10647" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10654" CreationDate="2014-12-19T07:50:52.253" Score="1" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon the following sentence while browsing a Spanish translation website today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podríamos volver atrás y ver los dinosaurios.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;We could go back and see all the dinosaurs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question is, is it appropriate to use &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;volver&lt;/strong&gt; given the latter already means &quot;to return&quot; or &quot;to go back&quot;? In English, it would be incorrect grammar to say something like &quot;return back.&quot; Isn't it the same in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T14:48:59.853" Title="Using &quot;atrás&quot; with &quot;volver&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2014-12-19T08:30:29.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most natural way to say this in Spanish form Spain would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estorbas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estás estorbando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. The forms in other answers, similar to &lt;em&gt;estás en mi camino&lt;/em&gt;, sound a bit forced, like what a villain would say to the hero in a movie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastEditorUserId="7182" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T09:27:26.520" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T09:27:26.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10655" CreationDate="2014-12-19T08:32:29.063" Score="7" ViewCount="416" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would one translate &quot;at all&quot; in the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Let's hope she was cute, that is if at all she existed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Did you know her at all?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No, not at all!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the last one, &lt;strong&gt;claro&lt;/strong&gt; (as in, &lt;strong&gt;¡claro que no!&lt;/strong&gt;) comes to mind but I'd wait for someone to give a better, more natural translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T17:42:19.507" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T17:42:19.507" Title="&quot;At all&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10650" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10652" CreationDate="2014-12-19T10:10:46.973" Score="1" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;Picture this: A couple has a bad break up and both parties go their own separate ways. Years pass and one fine day, they run into each other. Memories come flooding and emotions go high. The girl, wanting to re-start their relationship, tells the guy, &quot;&lt;em&gt;I want to go back to where we were before.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would one say what the girl said, in Spanish? Is the following translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero continuar dónde estábamos antes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &lt;strong&gt;volver&lt;/strong&gt; suit this context better than &lt;strong&gt;continuar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more natural way to say the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for the long story but I had to give some context. Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T16:35:59.423" Title="Translating &quot;I want to go back to...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10647" CreationDate="2014-12-19T10:56:49.587" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems acceptable to me. It's not really redundant, because &quot;&lt;strong&gt;volver&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is a quite generic term that has little &lt;em&gt;spatial&lt;/em&gt; meaning -it can mean &quot;do something again&quot;, or &quot;go back&quot;- and even in the later case, &quot;back&quot; does not necessarily alludes to a direction in the current spatial frame. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if we are walking along some path in some exhibition, to simply say &lt;em&gt;&quot;Podríamos volver a ver los dinosaurios&quot;&lt;/em&gt; might allude to a place that is still in front of us: we are only meaning &quot;volver a ver&quot; = &quot;ver otra vez&quot; (as we did in a previous visit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding &lt;strong&gt;&quot;atrás&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; we are making clear that we mean to go back along the current path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:15:49.717" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:15:49.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10650" CreationDate="2014-12-19T11:06:45.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are acceptable, but have slightly different meanings (as in English). Some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero volver a donde estábamos ante&lt;/em&gt;s (slightly weird construction,&#xA;  but natural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero volver a donde estábamos entonces.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero continuar/retomar/recomenzar nuestra relación tal como era entonces.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all cases, &quot;quiero&quot; (I want) would probably be replaced by the more tentative &quot;quisiera&quot; (I'd wish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T13:39:29.130" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T13:39:29.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10649" CreationDate="2014-12-19T11:46:14.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear it only to emphasize something negative (like in 3.). In this case you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para nada [No, not at all = No, para nada]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en absoluto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de ninguna forma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en lo más mínimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other case I suppose you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por completo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;totalmente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T11:46:14.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10647" CreationDate="2014-12-19T11:56:04.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is known as &lt;strong&gt;pleonasmo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the circumstances it can be considered an erroneous and ugly redundancy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor bajen para abajo. (Please drop down)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know if the effect is maintained in English, but in Spanish it is redundant because the action (&amp;quot;bajar&amp;quot;) includes direction (&amp;quot;hacia abajo&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or it can be considered a stylistic resource to emphasize something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo vi con mis propios ojos. (I saw it with my own eyes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voló por los aires. (He flew through the air)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T14:48:59.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10649" CreationDate="2014-12-19T12:15:54.477" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first two are hard to translate literally, I'll try my best and also give you wordings that sound better to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Let's hope she was cute, that is if at all she existed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Literal:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esperemos que fuese guapa, eso si siquiera existió.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reworded:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[...] eso si existió realmente/de verdad. --- ([...] that's if she really existed).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Did you know her at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't think of any literal translation to this one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reworded: &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En serio la conocías? --- (Did you really know her?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Seguro que la conocías? --- (Are you sure you knew her?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No la conocías &lt;em&gt;en absoluto&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;para nada&lt;/em&gt;, ¿no/verdad? --- (You didn't know her at all, right?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No, not at all!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Literal:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No, en absoluto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No, para nada! (slightly informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No, qué va! (informal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡No, [pero] qué dices! (annoyed, &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; is optional)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T12:15:54.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10629" CreationDate="2014-12-19T14:51:25.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay problema, aunque sea menos común, llamar a los años en las primeras y segundas décadas de siglos como &lt;em&gt;los años cero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;los años diez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Constan usos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/audios/el-sotano/sotano-vivieron-murieron-decada-anos-cero-bandas-nacionales-primera-parte-06-01-10/661713/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabid/88/doc/1133754/language/en-US/Default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Colombia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=15&amp;amp;ved=0CDgQFjAEOAo&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Flatipicatango.com.ar%2Fla-tipica-lunatico-33-tango-en-los-anos-cero%2F&amp;amp;ei=eTiUVNjTLIiqggS86ILgCw&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNFeWAImFlvMIaZPgqdSQ4N7UrOdmA&amp;amp;sig2=OzR0UL2UMK51khML2bwBWA&amp;amp;bvm=bv.82001339,d.eXY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Argentina&lt;/a&gt; para &lt;em&gt;los años cero&lt;/em&gt; (salen muchos ejemplos en Google, solo los pongo como ejemplo de la extensión del uso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, una editorial de &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/diario/2011/01/09/eps/1294558017_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reconoce&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;los años diez&lt;/em&gt; pero no &lt;em&gt;los años cero&lt;/em&gt; (pero en su discusión, lo hace claro que se entendería el uso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;los años diez&lt;/em&gt; tiene menos uso según google, pero sin duda se usa para hablar de una época del cine español (que curiosamente va de 1910 a 1921).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que ya cuando estemos en los veinte o treinta, &lt;em&gt;los años cero&lt;/em&gt; sonará mejor ya que estaremos hablando de estos años más como una década entera, igual con &lt;em&gt;los años diez&lt;/em&gt; que todavía no hemos acabado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí no suena muy bien &lt;em&gt;en los cero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;en los diez&lt;/em&gt;, pero sería imposible ver si disfruta de algún uso popular o incluso periodístico, porque al buscar &lt;em&gt;los cero&lt;/em&gt;, aparece toda clase de página que tiene &lt;em&gt;los cero grados&lt;/em&gt; o parecido, peor aún con &lt;em&gt;los diez&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T14:51:25.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10659" CreationDate="2014-12-19T15:03:02.737" Score="2" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;My friend has been frantically looking for his keys for a long time and believes it's been stolen. Just when he's about to give up, I find it lying in his drawer and rush to tell him. What I want to tell him is, &quot;Look, I found your key! It was in your drawer all along (all this while)!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question is how do I translate the &quot;all along&quot; / &quot;all this while&quot; portion into Spanish? Is it natural to say &lt;strong&gt;la llave estaba en tu cajón todo este tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;? Somehow, it doesn't sound natural to me...maybe not even correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T15:37:18.080" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T19:16:54.920" Title="Translate &quot;all this while&quot; into Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10657" CreationDate="2014-12-19T19:04:31.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd find better to say &quot;la llave HA ESTADO en tu cajón todo el tiempo&quot;, or &quot;la llave ESTUVO en tu cajón todo el tiempo&quot;. That part (&quot;todo el tiempo&quot;) is correct indeed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7185" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T19:04:31.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10657" CreationDate="2014-12-19T19:07:08.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;all along&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;all the while&lt;/strong&gt; convey the meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;all the time or over a period of time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You got the translation correct with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estaba en tu cajón &lt;strong&gt;todo este tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por todo este tiempo/ todo el rato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the key is that &lt;strong&gt;todo este tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; means &amp;quot;all this time; the whole time&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To expand a little bit further this answer, I'll say that in some occasions it can mean &amp;quot;siempre/desde siempre&amp;quot;.&amp;quot; I'm going to do something I have wanted all along (or all along my life)&amp;quot; could be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer algo que que he querido (hacer) toda mi vida &lt;sub&gt; I'm going to do something I have wanted all along my life &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer algo que &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; he querido hacer &lt;sub&gt; I'm going to do something I have wanted all along &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer algo que llevo queriendo hacer &lt;strong&gt;desde siempre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a lo largo de/ todo a lo largo de/ por todo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to convey the more geographical/physical meaning of &amp;quot;all along&amp;quot; (&lt;strong&gt;alongside&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T19:16:54.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10661" CreationDate="2014-12-19T20:20:15.717" Score="1" ViewCount="12646" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que el pasado de &lt;em&gt;Hacer&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;Hizo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recibí un correo y cuando le doy a reenviar veo que la persona escribió &quot;hiso&quot; y el Word no me lo resalta como un error ortográfico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces porque Word piensa que esta bien escribir &quot;hiso&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6976" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T20:49:25.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T20:54:13.130" Title="Existe el término &quot;hiso&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10660" CreationDate="2014-12-19T20:43:09.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;hiso&quot; no está en el diccionario de la RAE. Aunque el diccionario no sea exhaustivo (no recoge todas las palabras que existen en el idioma), si es un término en español al no estar recogido en el diccionario y no debería estar tampoco en el diccionario de MS Word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema puede estar relacionado con MS Word o con tu cliente de email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T20:54:13.130" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T20:54:13.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10664" CreationDate="2014-12-19T22:36:34.120" Score="5" ViewCount="1637" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una clase de español hemos hablado del uso de &quot;por&quot; y &quot;para&quot;. De camino a casa esto me ha recordado de un eslogan de la compañía de vuelo Avianca que he visto: &quot;Es por ti.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro del significado de &quot;por&quot;. Si significaría &quot;it's for you&quot; habría sido &quot;es &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; ti&quot;. Dado la presencia de la palabra &quot;por&quot; pienso que significa &quot;it's thanks to you&quot; o &quot;it's because of you&quot; (&quot;es gracias a ti&quot;) o algo así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la mejor interpretación?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si es &quot;it's because of you&quot;, ¿sería muy diferente de decir &quot;es para ti&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Warw6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During a Spanish lesson we talked about the usage of &quot;por&quot; and &quot;para&quot;. On the way home this reminded me of a slogan of the flight company Avianca I once saw: &quot;Es por ti.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am unsure about the meaning of &quot;por&quot; here. If it would mean &quot;it's for you&quot; it would have been &quot;es &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; ti&quot;. So given the use of &quot;por&quot; I'm starting to think it means &quot;it's thanks to you&quot; or &quot;it's because of you&quot; or something. What would be the best interpretation?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If it is &quot;it's because of you&quot; would &quot;es para ti&quot; sound much different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T03:36:46.943" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T03:36:46.943" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;por&quot; en el eslogan &quot;Es por ti&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10662" CreationDate="2014-12-19T22:44:59.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Avianca, the airline, is giving the reason for all their efforts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is because of you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just remembered a song by Juanes: &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/-9l5t3MWss8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Es por tí&lt;/a&gt;... all a lover does because of the loved one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T03:35:12.847" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T03:35:12.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10662" CreationDate="2014-12-19T22:48:47.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &quot;es por ti&quot; is &quot;you are the cause of this&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es por ti que late mi corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but &quot;Es por ti&quot; could also convey &quot;es para ti&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es por ti que tenemos estos asientos tan cómodo, porque nos importas, porque lo mereces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it can also mean that you are cause and recipient (for being such a wonderful customer we are going to give you this awesome treatment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would translate as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es por ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and take advantage of this &quot;es para ti&quot; meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-20T02:25:23.223" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T02:25:23.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10634" CreationDate="2014-12-20T08:29:51.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use por. Por expresses how long something takes to happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentence would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;. Mi primo me prestó su cámara por dos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The preposition por shows the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Motion/place: Caminan por las calles. (They walk through the streets.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means/manner: Lo envío por correo aéreo. (I’m sending it by air-mail.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In exchange for/substitution: Voy a hacerlo por tí. (I’m going to do it for you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duration of an action: Trabajo por una hora. (I’m working for an hour.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indefinite time period: Duerme por la tarde. (He sleeps in the afternoon.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On behalf of: La firmo por Ud. (I am signing it on your behalf.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per: Me pagan por día. (They pay me per day.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The preposition para shows the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Destination/place: Salimos para Madrid. (We are leaving for Madrid.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Destination/person: Esto es para Ud. (This is for you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Purpose/goal: Nado para divertirme. (I swim to have fun.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use/function: Es un cepillo para el pelo. (It’s a hair brush.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparisons: Para su edad, lee bien. (For her age, she reads well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opinion: Para mí es demasiado crudo. (For me it’s too rare.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of por: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te doy 20 euros por el collar (I'll give you 20 euros for the necklace.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of para:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito la presentación para el viernes. (I need the presentation by/on Friday.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T15:08:03.283" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:08:03.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10669" CreationDate="2014-12-20T11:37:25.847" Score="3" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;My boss has asked me to prepare a report for him. And he needs to present it during a meeting with his superiors on Monday. But I can't turn it in ON Monday because that's when his meeting is and obviously he needs some time to review it for himself before finally presenting it. So he tells me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I need this report by Friday for (the meeting on) Monday.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I had to say this in Spanish, both &lt;em&gt;by&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; translate as &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; which makes the sentence sound like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Necesito este informe para el viernes para el lunes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more natural and less ambiguous way to say this? What would a native speaker do when they encounter a sentence with &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; being used in two different meanings within the same context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:34:24.077" Title="&quot;Para&quot; in two different contexts within a single sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10667" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10670" CreationDate="2014-12-20T11:47:17.817" Score="1" ViewCount="1455" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one decide the correct verb and tense while describing a time or natural condition in the past? Take, for instance, the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It was dark&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following would be the most appropriate/natural translation and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estaba oscuro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estuvo oscuro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Era oscuro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fue oscuro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is it should be &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; because it's a temporary situation and in the &lt;em&gt;preterite&lt;/em&gt; form since it's one particular instance being described here (as against &quot;It used to be dark&quot;). Am I correct here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will the verb and tense change in any way if we said, &quot;It was dark already,&quot; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And lastly, what happens if we change the sentence into a progressive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It was getting dark&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-20T14:16:40.217" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T14:16:40.217" Title="Preterite vs. imperfect and &quot;ser&quot; vs. &quot;estar&quot; to describe a natural condition in the past" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10667" CreationDate="2014-12-20T12:48:53.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually background information requires the imperfect, so in a sentence like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was dark when John Doe arrived at the door.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It needs to be the imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba oscura cuando fulano de tal llegó a la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to say, &quot;It was dark already&quot;, I'd just add &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; to the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya Estaba oscura cuando fulano de tal llegó a la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was getting dark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the pronominal form &lt;em&gt;oscurecerse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba oscureciéndose&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  Se oscurecía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7173" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T12:48:53.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10666" CreationDate="2014-12-20T13:52:44.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you understand the use of the &amp;quot;para&amp;quot; preposition,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indicar el lugar o tiempo a que se difiere o determina el ejecutar algo o finalizarlo (&amp;quot;para el viernes&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determinar el uso que conviene o puede darse a algo (&amp;quot;para [la reunión] del lunes&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll get to the point and suggest a possible solution. The preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; can sometimes be used instead of &amp;quot;para&amp;quot; to indicate intended use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ropa &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; abrigo --&amp;gt; Ropa &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; abrigarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mesilla &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; noche --&amp;gt; Mesilla &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; (usar durante) la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traje &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; boda --&amp;gt; Traje &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; ir a una boda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese es el cuchillo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; queso --&amp;gt; Ese es el cuchillo &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; cortar queso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could change the &amp;quot;para&amp;quot; used to express intended use (&amp;quot;para la reunión&amp;quot;) to &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito el informe &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; lunes para el viernes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have done that you could also omit the &amp;quot;para&amp;quot; that is used to indicate the time when you need the report (&amp;quot;para el viernes&amp;quot;) using a demonstrative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; viernes el informe del lunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; viernes el informe del lunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or an adjective (a comparative for the position of &amp;quot;viernes&amp;quot; in reference to &amp;quot;lunes&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesitaré el viernes &lt;em&gt;anterior&lt;/em&gt; el informe del lunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:34:24.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10667" CreationDate="2014-12-20T14:16:18.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Notice that in Spanish there is a verb form for the adjetive &amp;quot;oscuro&amp;quot;, which is &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=oscurecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;oscurecer&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; which, among others, has the meaning of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ir anocheciendo, faltar la luz y claridad desde que el Sol empieza a ocultarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could also use the [haber + participio] to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había oscurecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había llovido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the progressive action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba oscureciendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba lloviendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right about the use of &lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt; for a natural condition in the past. About using &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Estaba oscuro&amp;quot;) or &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Estuvo oscuro&amp;quot;) it all dependes on the continuity of the action (do you want to convey that it was dark only for some time? If not the most natural tense would be the &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T14:16:18.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10650" CreationDate="2014-12-20T16:35:59.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternative and more natural way in Spain:&#xA;Quiero volver donde lo dejamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T16:35:59.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10599" CreationDate="2014-12-20T16:43:24.987" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La nada es un &quot;ens per accidens&quot; del ente finito, se encuentra como a caballo de él&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de otra forma &quot;la nada está a caballo del infinito&quot;, está cabalgando el infinito&#xA;It's riding the infinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T16:43:24.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5294" CreationDate="2014-12-20T16:48:12.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español una frase popular es: &quot;Verle las orejas al lobo&quot; para expresar el reconocimiento de un peligro. Oler al lobo es exactamente lo mismo. Smell danger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T16:48:12.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10445" CreationDate="2014-12-20T17:13:27.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aro en España se suele utilizar para definir pendientes circulares y anilla para las latas (can ring)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:13:27.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10360" CreationDate="2014-12-20T17:20:14.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me compré una &lt;strong&gt;prenda&lt;/strong&gt; de &lt;strong&gt;ropa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prenda&lt;/em&gt; se podría aceptar como una unidad de medida para la &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la tienda, te preguntan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuantas &lt;strong&gt;prendas&lt;/strong&gt; se lleva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:13:31.547" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:13:31.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4699" CreationDate="2014-12-20T17:24:09.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me costó cuatro horas llegar a Hamburgo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:24:09.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2014-12-20T17:26:31.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain: Mi móvil está a punto de morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varias respuestas dan por hecho que se está quedando sin batería, cuando la pregunta original no lo indica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T17:26:31.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2062" CreationDate="2014-12-20T17:41:22.313" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;socarraet&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y se pronuncia igual que está escrita, la acentuación al pronunciarla iría en la sílaba final &quot;&lt;strong&gt;et&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&#xA;Otra forma de decirlo sería &lt;strong&gt;socarrat&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7195" LastEditorUserId="7195" LastEditDate="2014-12-25T17:38:29.340" LastActivityDate="2014-12-25T17:38:29.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-20T19:59:42.013" Score="3" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a sentence from &quot;La Forma de la Espada&quot;, by Borges:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces yo volví, derribé de un golpe al soldado, sacudí a Vincent Moon, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; insulté y &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; ordené que me siguiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I understand the theory of direct/indirect pronouns, but I don't understand the usage in this sentence. Why is Vincent Moon the direct object in &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; insulté&quot;, but then the indirect object in &quot;&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; ordené&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7197" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:23:12.710" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:23:12.710" Title="Why does &quot;'lo' insulté y 'le' ordené que me siguiera&quot; use direct object and indirect object pronouns?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10686" CreationDate="2014-12-20T20:42:45.097" Score="1" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;For those unfamiliar with indirect object pronouns, but instead use them as native speakers, they are basically &lt;strong&gt;me, te, le, nos, les&lt;/strong&gt;, each of which represent for me, for you, for him/her, for us, or for them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A example of sentences using IOP :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo saco a pasear al perro ( i walk my dog)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually from my textbook, and is the sentence in which the use of IOP conflicts with what I think is how IOP is supposed to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I think is correct as opposed to the previous example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo saco a pasear&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; al perro &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice it is pasearle, not pasear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="6876" LastEditDate="2014-12-20T22:47:56.227" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:35:23.153" Title="The necessity of indirect object pronouns" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10680" CreationDate="2014-12-20T20:47:58.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's because with the verb &lt;em&gt;ordenar&lt;/em&gt; the direct object is the given order, and the indirect object is the recipient of that order. With &lt;em&gt;insultar&lt;/em&gt; you have only a direct object, the one receiving the insult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T20:47:58.777" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10680" CreationDate="2014-12-20T21:17:22.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The direct complement can be sometimes preceded by the preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, like in the case of your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;insulté a Vicente = lo insulté&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens when the direct object is animate, like a person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi a tu hermano = lo vi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi tu carro = lo vi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check RAE's &quot;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&quot; &lt;em&gt;34.8 El complemento directo preposicional (I). Nombres y pronombres. Complementos de persona&lt;/em&gt; for a thorough explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T20:58:58.747" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T20:58:58.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10682" CreationDate="2014-12-20T21:30:06.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider your first sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo saco a pasear al perro (CD).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo saco a pasearlo (el perro) or Yo lo saco a pasear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider your second sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo saco a pasear al perro (CD) a mi vecino (CI)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo saco a pasearle (a mi vecino) el perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo saco a paseárlelo, where le is changed to se and becomes paseárselo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo se (CI) lo (CD) saco a pasear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T21:30:06.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10682" CreationDate="2014-12-21T00:10:27.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; gives good advice on this topic.  Basically, there is one exception to when you can't indirect object pronoun.  Here are the rules copied from another answer I gave a while back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the object (indirect or direct) is a person pronoun (mí, ti, etc) and included anywhere in the sentence, you must include the pronoun with the verb (indirect or direct):  &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; *&lt;em&gt;castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;DPD&lt;/em&gt; “pronombres personales átonos” 5.1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the object (indirect or direct) comes before the verb (OSV or OVS sentences), you must include the pronoun with verb, animate or not: &lt;em&gt;A los problemas del mundo no les doy mucha importancia&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; *&lt;em&gt;A los problemas del mundo no doy mucha importancia&lt;/em&gt;, except for emphatic statements (&lt;em&gt;ibid&lt;/em&gt;. 5.2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs of affection require the indirect object pronoun except for the so-called universal quantifiers (&lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;, etc). (&lt;em&gt;ibid&lt;/em&gt;. 5.2(a))&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you are being intentionally emphatic or contrastive, you cannot have the indirect object pronoun.  For example &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ti&lt;/strong&gt; lo daré, &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no.  Here, saying &lt;em&gt;Te lo daré, a él no&lt;/em&gt; would sound very odd. (&lt;em&gt;ibid&lt;/em&gt;. 5.2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the indirect object comes after the verb and isn't a personal pronoun (so &lt;em&gt;a Juan&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a los estudiantes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;al problema&lt;/em&gt;), then it is almost always completely optional, if quite common especially in speech.  The handful of exceptions include gustar and similar verbs, which do require it except when the indirect object is a universal quantifier like &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt;/etc. in which case it's once again optional (&lt;em&gt;ibid&lt;/em&gt;. 5.2(a)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this said, in your example, we're not looking at a indirect object but an direct object.  Normally, direct objects are bare/unmarked (like the subject), and indirect object pronouns are introduced with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.  However, some direct objects &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; introduced with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.  There are two situations this can happen in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The direct object is animate, that is, a person or an animal of roughly equal stature like pets (very common).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The direct object could be confused for the subject (very rare).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to use a direct object pronoun, you should use &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, although &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is allowed both formally (for masculine animate singular direct object pronouns) and in leísmo non-standard usage (general use of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; for direct object pronouns).   This is not a case, however, where the direct object allows for coappearance.  Hence, your &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; will only be interpreted as an indirect object pronoun, and we do don't know &lt;em&gt;for whom&lt;/em&gt; you're taking out the dog, or, we could interpret &lt;em&gt;el perro&lt;/em&gt; as for whom, but then we still don't know &lt;em&gt;who/what&lt;/em&gt; you took out out for a walk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T18:35:23.153" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:35:23.153" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10688" CreationDate="2014-12-21T13:19:08.857" Score="2" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El odio arrebató la vida a la mujer que amaba.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hatred took the life of a woman I cherished.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you translate the same sentence with the word &quot;woman&quot; taken out (albeit implied)? Look at the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hatred took the life of the one I cherished.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammar-wise, it seems to be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El odio arrebató la vida a la que que amaba.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But obviously, two &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;'s together neither seem appropriate, nor natural. How would a native speaker handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T19:59:46.233" Title="Two que's in a single sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10687" CreationDate="2014-12-21T14:12:01.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your observation is very clever, because it corresponds to what it should be if we applied the grammatical logic. However, no native speaker sane even imagine &quot;&lt;em&gt;la que que amaba&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Sounds strange and absurd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that the existence of pronouns is due to the linguistic economy. Prevents redundancy maintaining the topic in visible scope. But in that sense you have other possibilities. The best and most common is the &lt;strong&gt;ellipsis&lt;/strong&gt;, not repeating information if it is obvious. If &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; amaba&quot;, is obviously a woman and no need to say, even with a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El odio arrebató la vida a la que amaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you insist on using a pronoun, you can replace the second &quot;que&quot; for the omitted personal pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El odio arrebató la vida a la que &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; amaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T19:59:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T19:59:46.233" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-21T17:32:41.173" Score="3" ViewCount="7404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to translate the famous Nike tagline in the most natural Spanish possible. From what I have learned at SE and elsewhere, I have come up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo hazlo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am curious to see if there's another more natural alternative to words like &lt;strong&gt;sólo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;solamente&lt;/strong&gt; in such contexts. How would a native speaker render this thought?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T00:17:19.787" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T05:55:29.817" Title="&quot;Just do it&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10689" CreationDate="2014-12-21T19:06:48.253" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;code&gt;Simplemente hazlo&lt;/code&gt;, although depending on the context it would be better to say &lt;code&gt;hazlo de una vez&lt;/code&gt; (similar to &lt;code&gt;do it already&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2333" LastActivityDate="2014-12-21T19:06:48.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-22T00:42:34.113" Score="3" ViewCount="4826" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo estaba respondiendo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10637/12&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, quería decir que la forma correcta de hablar del fin de semana que viene es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el próximo fin de semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el fin de semana próximo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y eso, según &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/335/12&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; que dice que el adjetivo precede al sustantivo cuando describe un atributo del sustantivo, y sigue el sustantivo cuando funciona como modificador.  Así &quot;próximo&quot; parece como atributo.  Pero porque, entonces, &quot;pasado&quot; sigue como modificador?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considere los ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El próximo fin de semana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El fin de semana próximo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El siguiente fin de semana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El fin de semana siguiente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El fin de semana pasado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pasado fin de semana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El anterior fin de semana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El fin de semana anterior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi, 2 y 6 me parecen raros. Pero ¿es porque son incorrectos, o solo porque estoy acostumbrado a escuchar las otras formas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay una regla que gobierne cuál es (más) correcta en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T15:07:25.640" Title="La colocación del adjetivo en &quot;fin de semana&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10689" CreationDate="2014-12-22T01:41:29.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Just do it&quot; could also be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tan sólo hazlo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I don't know how well it would convey the meaning of such a famous tagline as Nike's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T01:41:29.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10697" CreationDate="2014-12-22T13:10:22.913" Score="1" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a question if this was the best way to describe the English sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rosquillas and Coffee in the morning is delicious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish would I use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for the description of the time of day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rosquillas y café por la mañana es delicioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this alright to use, or is there a better way to describe &lt;strong&gt;'in the morning'&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6874" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T02:41:29.937" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:10:42.950" Title="Use of &quot;Por&quot; for location of time of the day?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10694" CreationDate="2014-12-22T14:00:25.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain we say it like that, in Latin America they might say &lt;em&gt;en la mañana&lt;/em&gt;, which is also fine if you speak that variant of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One correction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rosquilla(s) y café por la mañana &lt;strong&gt;son deliciosos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the subject is plural (&lt;em&gt;rosquilla(s) y café&lt;/em&gt;, more than 1 element), the adjective has to be plural, too. In English sounds fine, because &lt;em&gt;rosquillas and coffee&lt;/em&gt; forms a unit and you can use &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt;, but Spanish doesn't work that way in this regard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, to sound more natural, I'd add some &lt;em&gt;determinants&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unas&lt;/strong&gt; rosquillas y &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; café por la mañana son deliciosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T15:10:42.950" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:10:42.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10698" CreationDate="2014-12-22T15:27:18.083" Score="3" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;em&gt;home&lt;/em&gt; translates as &lt;strong&gt;casa&lt;/strong&gt; or, in some contexts, &lt;strong&gt;hogar&lt;/strong&gt;. But both these terms refer to a more literal idea than I'd like to use at times. They both seem to refer to the actual house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's imagine I am on a grueling expedition in the middle of the Amazon rainforest and getting weary and edgy by the day. At some point, my tolerance gives in and I tell my friends in frustration, &quot;When will all this be over? I just wanna go home!&quot; Here, I am merely expressing my desire to return to my comfort zone more than the actual physical house that I live in. How do I express this in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T17:39:56.403" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T03:33:12.033" Title="&quot;Home&quot; in a non-literal sense" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10694" CreationDate="2014-12-22T15:46:49.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por&lt;/code&gt; is the preposition used to refer to a general part of the day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por la mañana, por la tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be used with other nouns that determine time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por Navidad. Por agosto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; can be used to form &lt;em&gt;locuciones temporales&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denota en qué lugar, &lt;strong&gt;tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; o modo se realiza lo expresado por el verbo a que se refiere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with the name of months: &lt;em&gt;En agosto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;names of seasons: &lt;em&gt;En primavera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with years: &lt;em&gt;En 1984&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;certain nouns: &lt;em&gt;Los Reyes Magos vienen en Navidad&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; can be used to refer to hours of the day &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a las diez de la mañana  (or de 10am a 7pm)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that most Spaniards would say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; la mañana&quot; and some Latin Americans accept &quot;&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la mañana&quot;. There are even some regionalisms that would accept the use of &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't think I have ever heard this with &quot;mañana&quot; (&quot;a la mañana&quot;) and means something closer to &quot;next evening&quot; than &quot;every evening&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be to user &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; to describe a time frame of the day by name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T15:46:49.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10696" CreationDate="2014-12-22T15:59:21.153" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;We actually use &lt;code&gt;casa&lt;/code&gt; to say something like what has been given in the example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero volver a casa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo bien que estaba yo en mi casa y me he tenido que venir al Amazonas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Casa&lt;/code&gt; is a pretty generic word in Spanish, and we used to refer not only to a house, but to where we live (no matter if house, apartment, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué bien se está en casa calentito cuando nieva fuera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vives todavía en casa de tus padres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain you would barely hear &lt;code&gt;Hogar&lt;/code&gt; to refer to the place that gives you shelter. Maybe in songs or literature, because the word has become old fashioned to refer to a house or building. Nevertheless &lt;code&gt;Hogar&lt;/code&gt; has a boarder meaning, and can refer to the place where an individual or groups inhabits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Amazonas es el &lt;strong&gt;hogar&lt;/strong&gt; de muchas especies de animales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevamos al gato callejero que encontramos a un hogar para animales &lt;sub&gt; We took the stray cat we found to a shelter for animals &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wouldn't be saying &amp;quot;quiero regresar al hogar&amp;quot; unless you where trying to sound poetic or where referring to an an abstract place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T16:34:39.110" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10692" CreationDate="2014-12-22T18:04:44.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que anteponer el adjetivo al sustantivo puede modificar el valor expresivo del adjetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sus azules ojos vs. sus ojos azules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;modificar el significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pobre señor vs. el señor pobre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(el calificativo prenominal ayuda a identificar la clase, mientras que los postnominales ayudan a determinar al individuo particular dentro de la clase)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o (prenominal) indicar una cualidad o atributo del nombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la verde hoja; la esbelta figura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero este no es el caso para adjetivos &lt;strong&gt;situacionales&lt;/strong&gt; del tipo de &lt;strong&gt;próximo, siguiente, anterior o posterior&lt;/strong&gt;, que denotan relaciones de secuenciación espacio-temporal entre entidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://palabrasparavioleta.weebly.com/uploads/9/6/4/6/9646574/en_torno_al_sustantivo_y_adjetivo_en_el_espa_ol_actual_aspectos_cognitivos_sem_ticos_morfo_sint_cticos_y_lexicogen_ticos_configuracion_e_interpretacion_de_los_adjetivos_.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta fuente&lt;/a&gt; los adjetivos &lt;strong&gt;circunstanciales&lt;/strong&gt; no cambian semánticamente en posición pre o post nominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los adjetivos postnominales son por lo general cualitativos [...] son siempre clasificadores y 'restringen' la denotación del nombre. Ahora bien, ciertos adjetivos temporo-deícticos como futuro, próximo, que desde un punto de vista semántico son una subparte de los circunstanciales, también pueden aparecer postnominalmente (&lt;em&gt;el anterior presidente&lt;/em&gt;, pero también &lt;em&gt;el presidente anterior&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Sin embargo, la alternancia en estas dos posiciones no tiene en este caso las mismas implicaciones de significado que en el caso de los adjetivos calificativos regulares&lt;/strong&gt;, puesto que la interpretación de los adjetivos temporales permanece constante con independencia de la posición que ocupen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, a diferencia de otros tipos de adjetivos, el valor semántico los adjetivos circunstanciales (o siguiente, anterior, próximo o pasado) no varía en posición prenominal o postnominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que este puede ser el caso también para otros adjetivos &lt;strong&gt;eventivos&lt;/strong&gt; (temporales, locativos y de manera)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El próximo año. / Mi antiguo jefe. / La última reunión. / El reciente atentado. / El remoto incidente. / El actual intendente. / La cercana casa. / El beso cortés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y adjetivos &lt;strong&gt;aspectuales&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las constantes idas y venidas. / Las periódicas revisiones. / El largo adiós. / La ocasional visita. / Las reiteradas entradas. / Las esporádicas crisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(estos ejemplos son de &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Adjetivo-clasificaci%C3%B3n.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ordinales son una excepción evidente. Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/6098/1/ELUA_19_05.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta fuente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;los adjetivos &lt;strong&gt;ordinales&lt;/strong&gt; del español tienen distintas propiedades semánticas y sintácticas en posición pre y postnominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el &lt;strong&gt;segundo&lt;/strong&gt; piso &lt;strong&gt;segundo&lt;/strong&gt; que visitamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;segundo&lt;/strong&gt; capítulo (que he leído) vs. el capítulo &lt;strong&gt;segundo&lt;/strong&gt; (del libro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El  &lt;strong&gt;primer&lt;/strong&gt; capítulo &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt; (que leo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece ser que &lt;code&gt;el próximo fin de semana&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;el fin de semana próximo&lt;/code&gt; tiene el mismo significado (se puede sustituir &amp;quot;próximo&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;siguiente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;anterior&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;posterior&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T20:47:19.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10608" CreationDate="2014-12-23T04:27:55.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que se refiere a girar cuando no vas a tener que pasar por encima de la carretera (no &quot;cruzas&quot; nada), es decir, vas por la acera de la derecha y giras a la derecha continuando por la misma acera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo si vas por la acera de la izquierda y quieres ir a la derecha debes cruzar la carretera, luego no sonaría mal decir &quot;cruza a la derecha&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T04:27:55.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10709" CreationDate="2014-12-23T12:35:30.420" Score="1" ViewCount="634" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I am trying to translate this time is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Whatever she promised you is a lie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest I can get is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cualquier cosa que prometí es mentira.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am not sure if it's the most appropriate translation. The fact that she promised &quot;something&quot; seems fairly certain although the uncertainty over what that something is, might make it a subjunctive case. I am not sure, just thinking aloud. If it were to be subjunctive, which one? I don't see any &lt;em&gt;subjunctive preterite&lt;/em&gt; in any of the grammar books I have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this sentence doesn't seem uncertain enough to make it subjunctive, let's take another context. I just came back from a blind date which I believe was a disaster. However, to my pleasant surprise, my date assured me it wasn't and said she wished to meet me again. As I tell my friends about this, they too assure me it must have gone well since she wants to meet me again. However, I am still insecure and tell them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I only wished she promised me that.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the act of promising sounds like subjunctive and the &quot;wished&quot; part implies that the tense would be preterite. How do we blend together subjunctive and preterite when there doesn't seem to be any such combination in grammar book conjugation tables?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T14:41:52.680" Title="Is this a subjunctive situation?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10703" CreationDate="2014-12-23T14:25:51.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the first case is a subjunctive situation, and the uncertainty is on the promise, introduced by &lt;em&gt;whatever&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the tense, your grammar books seem incomplete here. In this case you use the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/em&gt; of the subjunctive mood, which is formed by subjunctive present of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; + past participle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que sea que te haya prometido es mentira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second example is also subjunctive. You are expressing your wish that an event that's already finished happened in a different way. You use here the &lt;em&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt; of the subjunctive mood (imperfect subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; + past participle):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá me lo hubiera prometido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T14:34:23.243" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T14:34:23.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6927" CreationDate="2014-12-23T17:12:58.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the reason this is confusing is because Spanish speakers do not really distinguish the &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; sound of English. The &lt;code&gt;ll/y&lt;/code&gt; sound in Spanish isn't quite either, falling somewhere in between, which to English ears sometimes sounds like an English &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; and other times sounds like an English &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;. The sound tends toward the English &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; sound (though the tongue doesn't curl up/use the tip like the English &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; sound) when at the beginning of a phrase, after a pause, or after an &lt;code&gt;n/m&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T21:50:17.437" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T21:50:17.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10708" CreationDate="2014-12-23T17:23:35.397" Score="3" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta que estés parado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;requiere el subjuntivo del verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si cambiamos la oración así, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cosa que no me gusta es que estés parado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Todavía va a requerir el subjuntivo del verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7173" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T19:55:30.450" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T09:01:24.383" Title="Gustar en proposición adjetival. ¿Todavía requiere el subjuntivo?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10706" CreationDate="2014-12-23T19:51:33.340" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Requiérese el subjuntivo?  &lt;strong&gt;No.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Admítese el subjuntivo?    &lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doyte un ejemplo que creo que te lo hará claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La cosa de las mujeres que me gusta es que me inviten a salir con ellas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;(hablo de las mujeres en general; soy viejísimo, feísimo y paupérrimo y hay una escasa posibilidad de que me hablen)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La cosa de las mujeres que me gusta es que me invitan a salir con ellas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;(son mujeres que conozco y me suelen invitar a tomar copas con ellas)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la diferencia está en si hablamos de una situación o cosa ya existente o algo más general que solo quizás exista/acaezca.  En tu ejemplo, si la persona con que hablas está parada actualmente usaremos el indicativo.  Si hablas generalmente de que no te gusta cuandoquiera que esté parada (es decir, general e hipotéticamente), esté esa persona parada o no en la actualidad, usaremos el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2014-12-24T09:01:24.383" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T09:01:24.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10703" CreationDate="2014-12-23T22:56:52.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that the first one could use subjuntive, since there is uncertainty. You don't know &lt;em&gt;what did she promised&lt;/em&gt; or even &lt;em&gt;if she promised something at all&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier cosa que te prometiera es mentira &lt;sub&gt; (Inflection: I don't know if she did, but if she ever promised something to you, it was a lie) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que fuera que te prometió era mentira&lt;sub&gt; (Inflection: I know she promised you something. I don't know what was it, but it was a lie) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier cosa que te prometió es mentira&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then there is no subjuntive, and this would mean that you are sure that there was a promise and, regardless what this promise was, you are positive it was lie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence needs subjuntive, since you are expressing a wish (that your date had guaranteed a second date)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo desearía que me hubiese prometido una segunda cita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T14:41:52.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-25T03:41:32.133" Score="0" ViewCount="1594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that usually object pronouns go before the verb in Spanish. I also understand that present participle (-iendo), infinitive, and imperative are exceptions where the object is attached to the end of the verb as a suffix instead. What happens in the subjunctive case? Since imperative is also subjunctive, conjugation-wise, should we follow the same rule? Which of the following would be a better translation for &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Give the man a beer to swallow it&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Dale al hombre una cerveza para traguelo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Dale al hombre una cerveza para lo trague.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the object is a noun instead (e.g. &lt;strong&gt;pastilla&lt;/strong&gt;), will it take an &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; before it? i.e., will it be the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dale al hombre una cerveza para trague a la pastilla.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T03:18:58.530" Title="Object pronouns with the subjunctive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10712" CreationDate="2014-12-25T04:04:53.763" Score="10" ViewCount="34826" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across several Spanish sentences in various contexts where they put the opening bang (¡) or opening query (¿) in the middle of a sentence. Some examples below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando tropiece, ¿me ayudará a ponerme en pie?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En el caso de que no puedas ir con ellos, ¿quieres ir con nosotros?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pablo, ¿adónde vas?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sin embargo, ¡tengo frío!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero saber ¿cuándo es tu cumpleaños?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy cansado, ¿y tú?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it looks like the unspoken rule is to just identify the question or exclamation &quot;clause&quot; and bracket just that part instead of the whole sentence but I am not sure. Is that the rule? If so, are there any exceptions? How do I identify where to place such an &quot;in-sentence&quot; inverted query or inverted bang?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my assumption is correct, how would I punctuate the Spanish for &quot;Wow, are you serious?&quot; Like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Guau!¿Estás serio?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Guau! ¿Estás serio?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or some other way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1979" LastEditDate="2014-12-25T06:10:28.553" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T23:37:35.473" Title="Bangs/inverted exclamation marks (¡) and queries/inverted question marks (¿) within a sentence" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10711" CreationDate="2014-12-25T05:44:55.147" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not an unspoken rule, it's actually the set rule. Because Spanish declarative and interrogative phrases are otherwise indistinguishable, the inverted marks came to be used. But oftentimes, the entire sentence isn't actually interrogative or exclamatory. In English, those sentences —in common with embedded questions— can cause people to question (ha) whether they need a question mark or a period because neither seem to be a great fit. Spanish solves this problem by only enclosing the relevant parts in the marks, just like we only enclose what someone said with quotation marks on either side to avoid ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule of thumb to go by is ask yourself when the intonation changes to indicate a question/exclamation. Immediately before that word is where you'll use the inverted mark. If used mid-sentence it does not require a capital letter afterwards. When the intonation finishes, close it with a standard mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There should always be a space after any closing mark, so in your last example you need a space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2020-06-25T23:37:35.473" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T23:37:35.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10710" CreationDate="2014-12-25T07:30:42.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Enclisis (objects after the verb) is possible for personal forms of verbs only in ordinate (main) clauses. Non personal forms (infinitive, participles) obligate enclisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Proclisis (objects before the verb) is the norm in modern Spanish except for verbs in the imperative and exhortative subjunctive which most of the time functions as a pseudo-imperative (&lt;em&gt;nademos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, the verb is in a secondary clause and in a non-exhortative subjunctive mood so enclisis is not possible. This, proclisis is your only option: &lt;em&gt;para que lo trague&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-25T07:30:42.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2014-12-25T20:57:54.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that central america use both &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt;. In Guatemala they use &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; with friends and with girls they use &quot;tuteo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7215" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-26T14:11:36.927" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T14:11:36.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10696" CreationDate="2014-12-26T03:33:12.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Hogar is the Habitat&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say, &lt;code&gt;mi hogar&lt;/code&gt; you're pretty much saying something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My dwelling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to translate things verbatim, then using hogar would be the appropriate word for literal translation.  Literal translation as in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me gusta la flor&lt;/code&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;VS&lt;/strong&gt; -  &lt;code&gt;Me it pleases the flower&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mi casa es su casa&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The culture attached to the Spanish language has emulsified the word &lt;code&gt;hogar&lt;/code&gt; into &lt;code&gt;casa&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T03:33:12.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10625" CreationDate="2014-12-26T16:28:08.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, it is known as the &quot;present progressive,&quot; or &quot;ing&quot; tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation would be &quot;I was bathING.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T16:28:08.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10602" CreationDate="2014-12-26T16:32:51.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, in the infinitive form of the verb, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; comes at the end. Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hablarse; to speak of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when it is conjugated, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; precedes the verb: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se habla español aquí; one speaks Spanish here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="6804" LastEditDate="2014-12-26T21:33:58.407" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T21:33:58.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10721" CreationDate="2014-12-26T16:48:30.927" Score="1" ViewCount="1412" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally, the adjective follows the noun in Spanish, as in &quot;el coche rojo&quot; (not &quot;el rojo coche&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I came across this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Entonces siguió el camino lentamente hasta que llegaron a una posada, o pequeño hotel.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Entonces siguió el camino lentamente hasta que llegaron a una posada, o hotel pequeño.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could &quot;pequeño&quot; be in either position (before or after &quot;hotel&quot;)? Is it simply a matter of taste, or is there a guideline to go by as to when the adjective comes before the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T17:40:55.120" Title="When does the adjective come before the noun in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-12-26T23:28:56.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10720" CreationDate="2014-12-26T17:40:55.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes changing the order of an adjetive can change the way they modify the noun and/or become more expressive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llegaron a una posada, o hotel &lt;strong&gt;pequeño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the speaker explains that the hotel was small. With&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llegaron a una posada, o &lt;strong&gt;pequeño&lt;/strong&gt; hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the speaker emphasizes the the hotel was small.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have a special type of adjectives called &lt;em&gt;epítetos&lt;/em&gt;. These are adjetives that highlight an obvious characteristic of the noun (thus, being completely unnecessary). Some examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;white&lt;/strong&gt; snow / La &lt;strong&gt;blanca&lt;/strong&gt; nieve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;cold&lt;/strong&gt; ice / El &lt;strong&gt;frío&lt;/strong&gt; hielo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;roja&lt;/strong&gt; sangre, el &lt;strong&gt;cálido&lt;/strong&gt; sol, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can guess it is used for poetic value, since we already know that the snow is white, the ice cold, the blood red, etc. Also, the &lt;em&gt;epíteto&lt;/em&gt; doesn't need to go in front of the name, but usually it does, since this grants a more poetic value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In you example, &lt;strong&gt;pequeño&lt;/strong&gt; is not an &lt;em&gt;epíteto&lt;/em&gt; (since a hotel could be big or small), but the use of a pre-nominal adjetive serves the same function as the &lt;em&gt;epíteto&lt;/em&gt;, not your &lt;em&gt;pointing&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;declaring&lt;/em&gt; a quality of the noun, but &lt;strong&gt;stressing&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;emphasizing&lt;/strong&gt; that quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other exmaples of this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hotel pequeño / El pequeño hotel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su coche rápido/ Su rápido coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sus ojos azules / Sus azules ojos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T17:40:55.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10723" CreationDate="2014-12-26T18:37:12.970" Score="3" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing Duolingo Spanish. The other day, I had the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We are not doing it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To which I gave the answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No la hacemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was marked wrong, with the correct solution of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo hacemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admit I'm not real clear on the lo, le, la difference (which Duolingo never explains), even after looking at a couple explanations online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is la incorrect here (and why?), or is Duolingo (for rejecting it; they usually take most reasonable translations)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V2iQs.png&quot; alt=&quot;lo vs la&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7218" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:50:44.220" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:50:44.220" Title="Is &quot;No la hacemos&quot; a proper translation to &quot;We are not doing it&quot;? Should it be &quot;no lo hacemos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10722" CreationDate="2014-12-26T18:53:21.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La&lt;/em&gt; could work, if what you're doing is something feminine (like &lt;em&gt;la tarea&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/em&gt; is used when what you're doing is masculine (like &lt;em&gt;el trabajo&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If what you're doing has no gender because it's a verb or can't be reduced to some noun (like &lt;em&gt;ir de compras&lt;/em&gt;) you use the other &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;. It's neuter, even though it looks identical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case,  the neuter &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is the best/most common use, but masculine &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; or feminine &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; are both perfectly grammatical acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T18:53:21.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10749" CreationDate="2014-12-27T15:07:58.113" Score="2" ViewCount="431" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien traducir &lt;strong&gt;Train of thought&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;em&gt;Corriente de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que mucha gente usa &lt;em&gt;Tren de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Línea de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; pero siento que la primera es incorrecta porque &lt;em&gt;tren&lt;/em&gt; normalmente se usa con un sentido de secuencia o repetición (&lt;em&gt;En tren de bromas&lt;/em&gt;) y que en la segunda &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; respeta la idea de continuidad pero debilita la intención que, me parece, &lt;strong&gt;train&lt;/strong&gt; le confiere a la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7224" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:17:29.927" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T22:13:37.750" Title="&quot;Train of thought&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10728" CreationDate="2014-12-27T17:54:42.743" Score="1" ViewCount="357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I went past a T-Mobile store (Cell phone company for those that don't know)  and saw a sign out in front of the store that said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se hábla español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With an accent over the first &lt;code&gt;á&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My feeling is that this is a mistake, and both google and the spell checker in my browser seem to agree with me.  Is this a spelling mistake by a national company?  Or in spanish is putting an accent on a letter that would already have emphasis something that I shouldn't worry about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T18:57:39.903" Title="Mis-spelling? se hábla español" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10725" CreationDate="2014-12-27T18:23:02.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corriente de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; is right, normal and habitual. I've heard it many times. The concept is very similar to that used in a technique called &amp;quot;stream of consciousness&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;corriente de la conciencia&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;corriente&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; have the same sense of &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tren&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; as &lt;em&gt;sequence&lt;/em&gt;, and therefore there is not any problem with translating it as &lt;em&gt;tren de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt;, recognizing that in both cases is a metaphor. And I can also add, with the same meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;hilo&lt;/em&gt; de ideas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cadena&lt;/em&gt; de pensamientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T18:28:06.833" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10726" CreationDate="2014-12-27T18:32:23.210" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is absolutely a spelling mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't change pronunciation, though, so it won't impede understanding.  There are only a handful of words where throwing an accent on the natural stress changes their meaning, and even more rarely would those be confused given context (basically, only the interrogative words with their relative counterparts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T18:32:23.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10726" CreationDate="2014-12-27T18:41:00.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you might know, if the word is accented on the penultimate syllable and ends with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vowel&lt;/em&gt;, no diacritic. Then, &lt;strong&gt;habla&lt;/strong&gt; is right, &lt;strong&gt;hábla&lt;/strong&gt; is wrong. This is the case for most of the words of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words that do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; end with &lt;em&gt;n-s-vowel&lt;/em&gt; are usually stressed on the last syllable, nor diacritic. Then &lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt; is right, &lt;strong&gt;hablár&lt;/strong&gt; is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diacritic is used to signify that the word escapes usual, the two cases mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2014-12-27T18:57:39.903" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T18:57:39.903" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10732" CreationDate="2014-12-27T21:22:31.310" Score="2" ViewCount="7338" Body="&lt;p&gt;En otra pregunta hice una mala traducción al inglés. Quise referirme al acento gráfico (´) como &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;, pero la traducción correcta es &lt;em&gt;diacritic&lt;/em&gt;. Esto me confundió un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero entonces consultar acerca de los nombres &quot;estándar&quot; para referirse a la acentuación en español y si hay &lt;strong&gt;variedades regionales&lt;/strong&gt; al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; usamos los siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acento&lt;/strong&gt;: aumento de la intensidad del sonido en una sílaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tilde&lt;/strong&gt;: pequeña raya diagonal sobre una vocal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aguda&lt;/strong&gt;: palabra con acento en la última sílaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grave&lt;/strong&gt;: en la penúltima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esdrújula&lt;/strong&gt;: en la antepenúltima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acento &lt;strong&gt;dierético&lt;/strong&gt;: tilde que rompe diptóngos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acento &lt;strong&gt;diacrítico&lt;/strong&gt;: tilde que distingue homófonos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el habla corriente suele haber algún relajo en la distinción entre acento y tilde, pero nadie se confundiría realmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, a la rayita horizontal (-) le decimos &lt;strong&gt;guión&lt;/strong&gt;; a la coma flotante ('), &lt;strong&gt;apóstrofe&lt;/strong&gt;; y a los puntos de la u, &lt;strong&gt;cremillas&lt;/strong&gt;. Desconozco el nombre de la &lt;strong&gt;tilde de la eñe&lt;/strong&gt; (~).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pido disculpas porque no es una pregunta que involucre algún auténtico problema, pero me parece interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:17:01.510" Title="Nombre de los acentos y otras marcas ortográficas" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10730" CreationDate="2014-12-27T23:46:16.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una confusión acá que valdrá la pena aclarar antes de traducir los términos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tilde tiene la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepción&lt;/a&gt; según la RAE de ser lo que en inglés es un &lt;em&gt;diacritic&lt;/em&gt;, o sea, cualquier signo ortográfico que sirva para diferenciar dos letras. Todo esto está bien, pero nos topamos con lo que mencionás, y es que para muchos, una tilde es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_ortogr%C3%A1fico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el acento ortográfico&lt;/a&gt; en español. Así es como yo entendería el término y como es usado en mi dialecto (y al parecer en el tuyo también).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signo_diacr%C3%ADtico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diacrítico&lt;/a&gt; también tiene el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt; del término en inglés &lt;em&gt;diacritic&lt;/em&gt;. Cualquier signo ortográfico que le cambie el valor a una letra &quot;normal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo último que podría causar confusión es que la palabra &lt;code&gt;tilde&lt;/code&gt; también existe en inglés, y representa este símbolo: &lt;code&gt;~&lt;/code&gt;, a lo cual se le llama &lt;em&gt;virgulilla&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;tilde de la ñ&lt;/em&gt;) en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habiendo ya aclarado la posible confusión, aquí están los términos con sus traducciones y algunas notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acento (prosódico)&lt;/strong&gt;: llamado &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_%28linguistics%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stress&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tilde&lt;/strong&gt;: con la acepción de acento agudo en el contexto del español es llamada &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accent_mark&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;accent (mark)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; lo cual redirecciona a &lt;em&gt;diacritic&lt;/em&gt; en Wikipedia, siendo la otra posible acepción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(palabra) aguda&lt;/strong&gt;: estos serán términos más propios del campo de la lingüística &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barytone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;oxytone&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, mientras que casualmente se dirá simplemente &lt;em&gt;stressed on the last syllable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(palabra) grave&lt;/strong&gt;: al igual que la anterior (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paroxytone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;paroxytone&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(palabra) esdrújula&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proparoxytone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;proparoxytone&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guión&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hyphen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apóstrofo (o apóstrofe)&lt;/strong&gt;: apostrophe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diéresis (o cremillas)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dieresis (diaeresis)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T23:46:16.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10730" CreationDate="2014-12-28T00:45:49.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en &lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt; los nombres van así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sílaba tónica&lt;/strong&gt;: la sílaba que suena más fuerte en una palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sílaba átona&lt;/strong&gt;: las sílabas que no tienen valor tónico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acento&lt;/strong&gt;: marca que denota a la sílaba tónica o diferencia una palabra de otra. [En México no se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agudas&lt;/strong&gt;: palabras con la sílaba tónica al final.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Graves&lt;/strong&gt;: con la sílaba tónica en la penúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esdrújulas&lt;/strong&gt;: con la sílaba tónica en la antepenúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sobreesdrújulas&lt;/strong&gt;: con la sílaba tónica antes de la antepenúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre los demás signos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(-): &lt;strong&gt;Guión&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;guión medio&lt;/strong&gt; cuando se hace diferencia del guión bajo sobre todo a la hora de dar una dirección de correo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(_): &lt;strong&gt;Guión bajo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(/): &lt;strong&gt;Diagonal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(¨): &lt;strong&gt;Diéresis&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;): &lt;strong&gt;Comillas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;('): Las personas generalmente no conocen la palabra &lt;strong&gt;apóstrofe&lt;/strong&gt; y simplemente se dice &lt;strong&gt;comilla&lt;/strong&gt;, o se aclara &lt;strong&gt;una comilla&lt;/strong&gt;. Pero el nombre oficial es ese, &lt;em&gt;apóstrofe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en cuanto a la tilde de la Ñ se llama &lt;strong&gt;virgulilla&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no hay mucho problema en cuanto a no saberlo al ser una letra como un todo y no un signo aislado como sí es el caso del portugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T15:17:01.510" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:17:01.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10735" CreationDate="2014-12-28T01:52:54.177" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the book &quot;Smart Spanish for Tontos Americanos&quot; it gives this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I haven't been able to raise all the money for the project, but I'm not giving up&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...as the translation for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No he logrado conseguir suficiente dinero para el proyecto, pero me doy por vencido&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the English is correct, shouldn't there be a &quot;no&quot; there in the Spanish, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No he logrado conseguir suficiente dinero para el proyecto, pero me no doy por vencido&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No he logrado conseguir suficiente dinero para el proyecto, pero no me doy por vencido&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T21:45:26.643" Title="A &quot;no&quot; is needed here, no es cierto?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10734" CreationDate="2014-12-28T02:07:34.020" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the book's answer is wrong and the &lt;code&gt;me no doy por vencido&lt;/code&gt; is also wrong the right one is your second example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No he logrado conseguir suficiente dinero para el proyecto, pero &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; me doy por vencido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2014-12-28T02:07:34.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10739" CreationDate="2014-12-28T10:13:11.367" Score="3" ViewCount="674" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced two different sentences in my Rosetta Stone Spanish program. The sentences below seem to have the same meaning, but why does one use a definite article while the other doesn't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El hombre mayor tiene pelo blanco.&#xA;El hombre joven tiene el pelo azul.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see any reasons why the latter uses a definite article while the former doesn't. Is there any difference between the two (other than the color of the &lt;code&gt;pelo&lt;/code&gt; and the age of &lt;code&gt;hombre&lt;/code&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:13:26.533" Title="What's the difference between `tiene pelo azul` and `tiene el pelo azul`?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10737" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-28T14:10:33.387" Score="3" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, como en inglés y otras lenguas, hay ciertos verbos que se comportan como &lt;em&gt;raising predicates&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, permiten, y de hecho obligan a, que el sujeto de la cláusula que debe servirles como complemento «ascienda» desde ella y se convierta en su propio sujeto. Se trata, sobre todo, de los verbos &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;, cf. (1) y (2):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1a.&lt;/strong&gt; Los niños parece&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; [ __ estar divirtiéndose mucho] &lt;sub&gt;(con «ascenso» del sujeto: &lt;em&gt;gramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1b.&lt;/strong&gt; *Parece&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; [los niños estar divirtiéndose mucho] &lt;sub&gt;(sin «ascenso» del sujeto: &lt;em&gt;agramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2a.&lt;/strong&gt; Los ligues de Clara siempre resulta&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; [ __ ser casados y con niños] &lt;sub&gt;(con «ascenso»: &lt;em&gt;correcta&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2b.&lt;/strong&gt; *Resulta&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; [los ligues de Clara ser casados y con niños] &lt;sub&gt;(sin «ascenso»: &lt;em&gt;agramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al lado de esa construcción, en español, pero ya no en inglés (por el «efecto &lt;em&gt;that t&lt;/em&gt;»), tenemos otra en la que también participan los verbos &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;, pero junto a otros «predicados» (e.g., &lt;em&gt;ser [que...]&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, y algunos que ni siquiera son verbos, como &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seguro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;claro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;naturalmente&lt;/em&gt;). Se caracteriza por que la cláusula subordinada lleva un &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; y un verbo en forma personal (en indicativo o subjuntivo, según los casos), en vez de un infinitivo. Es una construcción que también permite, pero ya NO exige, que el sujeto de la subordinada «ascienda» hasta delante del verbo &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;, como ocurre en &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; (y ocurriría en ejemplos paralelos con &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;claro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seguro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;naturalmente&lt;/em&gt;, etc., que omito para abreviar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt; Los niños parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; [que __ est&lt;strong&gt;án&lt;/strong&gt; divirtiéndose mucho] &lt;sub&gt;(con «ascenso»: &lt;em&gt;gramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3b.&lt;/strong&gt; Parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; [que los niños est&lt;strong&gt;án&lt;/strong&gt; divirtiéndose mucho] &lt;sub&gt;(sin «ascenso»: &lt;em&gt;gramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3c.&lt;/strong&gt; *Los niños parec&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; [que __ est&lt;strong&gt;án&lt;/strong&gt; divirtiéndose mucho] &lt;sub&gt;(con «ascenso» a «sujeto»: &lt;em&gt;agramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;, etc. son básicamente predicados monádicos (&lt;em&gt;Parece/Resulta [que] X&lt;/em&gt;), los hechos de &lt;strong&gt;1.-3.&lt;/strong&gt; no deben sorprendernos. Los ejemplos &lt;strong&gt;1b.&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;2b.&lt;/strong&gt; son agramaticales porque esos infinitivos no pueden llevar sujetos pronunciables. En &lt;strong&gt;1a.&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;2a.&lt;/strong&gt; ese problema se ha eliminado haciendo que &lt;em&gt;los niños&lt;/em&gt; se convierta en sujeto de verbos en forma personal, que sí permiten sujetos explícitos, aunque para ello hay que asignar a &lt;em&gt;parecer/resultar&lt;/em&gt; una inflexión de plural que oculta el hecho de que su verdadero argumento (= LO que parece o resulta) es toda la cláusula de infinitivo, no &lt;em&gt;los niños&lt;/em&gt;. En &lt;strong&gt;3b.&lt;/strong&gt;, por el contrario, no ha sido necesario &lt;em&gt;manipular&lt;/em&gt; nada: la inflexión de &lt;em&gt;parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; indica que su sujeto sintáctico coincide con su sujeto nocional, la cláusula subordinada, mientras que la inflexión de plural de &lt;em&gt;est&lt;strong&gt;án&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; muestra que su propio sujeto es &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt;, de modo obvio en &lt;strong&gt;3b.&lt;/strong&gt; De hecho, &lt;strong&gt;3b.&lt;/strong&gt; es la versión «básica» de esa oración (i.e., aquella en la que cada cosa está «en su sitio» y concuerda con lo que le corresponde). Finalmente, digamos que &lt;strong&gt;3c.&lt;/strong&gt; es agramatical porque tiene dos verbos no coordinados con el mismo sujeto &lt;em&gt;los niños&lt;/em&gt; y a la vez contiene un sujeto de &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;, la subordinada, que no puede concordar con su predicado. Hay explicaciones más poderosas; &lt;strong&gt;3c.&lt;/strong&gt; infringe principios generales de Economía, Teoría del Caso, etc., pero presuponen una teoría lingüística que quizá no es apropiado presuponer aquí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la existencia de &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt; la que SÍ me resulta sorprendente: &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; aparece «desplazado» a una posición ante &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt;, pero ese «ascenso» es &lt;em&gt;opcional&lt;/em&gt;, puesto que &lt;strong&gt;3b.&lt;/strong&gt;, sin él, es gramatical. Hay que suponer, pues, que &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt; es una construcción &lt;em&gt;marcada&lt;/em&gt;, que se emplea cuando “los niños”, aparte de sujeto de “están divirtiéndose”, tiene alguna otra función que no podría desempeñar dentro de la subordinada. Pero ¿&lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; es esa “otra” función? La pregunta va inevitablemente ligada a otra: ¿&lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; es la &lt;em&gt;posición&lt;/em&gt; sintáctica de &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt;? No parece ser la de sujeto de *parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;, porque &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; puede concordar con él, debe concordar con &lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt;, y ya hemos dicho que el verdadero &lt;em&gt;sujeto&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; debe ser la subordinada, que &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; concuerda con él y además es su único argumento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si, tras &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt;, fueran necesarias una coma y una entonación semi-ascendente, podríamos decir que la construcción (3a) existe para que “Los niños” pueda actuar como «Tópico», como en (3d):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3d.&lt;/strong&gt; Los niños, parec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; [que __ están divirtiéndose mucho] (con ascenso a «Tópico»: &lt;em&gt;gramatical&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe justificar, pues, la existencia de &lt;strong&gt;3d.&lt;/strong&gt;, además de la versión «básica» &lt;strong&gt;3b&lt;/strong&gt;. Sin embargo, ni la coma ni la entonación semi-ascendente es necesaria en &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt;, la cual, sin embargo, es correcta.  No parece, pues, que &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt; sea un caso de Topicalización, y, obviamente, &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; tampoco es ahí un posible &lt;em&gt;foco&lt;/em&gt; (información nueva o considerada prominente); al contrario. Ya que, que yo sepa, aparte de Tópico y Foco (y sujeto, claro está), nadie ha propuesto otras posiciones estructurales que sea preciso rellenar en la periferia izquierda de la cláusula, y dado que, en español, una lengua «pro-drop», ni siquiera es necesario rellenar con algo audible la posición sintáctica de sujeto, no encuentro justificación al «ascenso» de &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;3a&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, PREGUNTO: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Para qué existe &lt;strong&gt;3a.&lt;/strong&gt;, aparentemente en contra del principio de «Economía», y qué posición ocupa, y qué función adicional desempeña en ella, el sujeto «desplazado» &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T04:33:14.643" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T08:36:18.023" Title="¿Qué posición ocupa y qué función tiene &quot;Los niños&quot; en &quot;Los niños parece que están divirtiéndose mucho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10736" CreationDate="2014-12-28T15:31:46.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming, to judge from your English glosses, that you discard possibly non-human referents that either sentence could be applicable to, your first example does not entail that ALL the old man's hair is white, or, indeed, even that he has white hair on his head; that old man might have white hair on his chest, for example, and the sentence would still count as true. Your second sentence, on the contrary, entails that the young man's hair is blue and specifically refers to ALL the hair on his head. The difference partly hinges on the fact that the definite article &quot;el&quot; behaves as a sort of universal quantifier (&quot;el pelo&quot; = &quot;all his hair&quot;), but also on that, by default, if you say something about a human being's hair without further context that may instruct the hearer to interpret your statement otherwise, (s)/he will automatically assume that you mean the hair that covers the referent's head, rather than his chest, arms or whatever: after all, it is on our heads that we normally have visible hair; the hair we may have elsewhere is normally hidden, or periodically removed, and seldom referred to in our descriptions of people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are also interested in the syntax of those two sentences, there is another difference, and one that corresponds with the semantics associated to each of them, but it does from a different angle from what has so far been explained. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syntactically, &quot;Tiene pelo blanco&quot; is a [Tacit third person subject] + [Verb + [Direct object]] structure, and &quot;pelo blanco&quot; is a single syntactic constituent, as proved by the fact that it can be exhaustively replaced with &quot;lo&quot;, as in &quot;Lo tiene&quot;. On the contrary, &quot;Tiene el pelo blanco&quot; is a [Tacit 3rd. person subject] + [Verb + [[Direct Object] &amp;amp; [Attribute of the Direct object]]] structure, and you can choose to shorten it by replacing with &quot;lo&quot; either the D.O. alone or the [D.O. + At-of-D.O.] constituent. In the first case, you get &quot;Lo tiene blanco&quot;; in the second, you, again, get &quot;Lo tiene&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated, that difference in syntax correlates with different semantic interpretations, and they differ in a respect not explained in the quick response I offered in my first paragraph. Semantically speaking, &quot;Tiene pelo blanco&quot; expresses a permanent property of the referent, with the peculiarities already explained above (i.e., he may have only some white hair and it need not be on his/her head, but elsewhere; again, cases in which that predicate is applicable to non-human subjects apparently do not interest you and are discarded here). As to &quot;Tiene el pelo blanco&quot;, it expresses a property that also holds permanently, but only relative to a certain (possibly long) stage of the life of the referent, usually old age (and, again, with the peculiarities already explained: it refers, by default, to the hair on the referent's head and to all of it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, to the extent that white, contrary to dark, blond, black, or red is not a 'normal' human hair colour (except for albino people or, for the rest of us, at a marginal stage in our life: old age), the interpretation of &quot;Tiene el pelo blanco&quot; also differs from that automatically triggered by &quot;Tiene el pelo rubio/moreno/negro&quot;, etc., the 'normal' colours of human hair. [Significantly, whereas we have adjectives like &quot;rubio&quot;, &quot;moreno&quot; or &quot;pelirrojo&quot; to describe the inherent and (relatively) permanent colour of 'normal' people's hair, as in &quot;Es rubio/moreno/pelirrojo&quot;, we do not have a parallel adjective &quot;blanco&quot; that can be used in sentences like &quot;Es blanco&quot; to refer to an individual's having white hair throughout all/most of his life; we do have &quot;albino&quot; - from Latin &quot;albus&quot; = &quot;white&quot;, but &quot;Es albino&quot; is applicable only to exceptional individuals with other unusual properties, apart from having silver-white hair, and we may ignore it here].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, whereas statements like &quot;Tiene el pelo rubio/oscuro/castaño/moreno/negro&quot; are interpreted as expressing an inherent and permanent quality of the referent, one that holds throughout most of his life (at least until old age changes that, if it does), &quot;Tiene el pelo blanco&quot; MAY be interpreted as expressing a non-inherent property, one usually holding only at the later stage of the referent's life as a result of a change affecting a previous state of affairs. Of course, &quot;tener el pelo blanco&quot; may still be a relatively permanent property (one may have it for decades!), nothing to do with pure 'stage' properties like &quot;Tiene el pelo verde/azul/rosa&quot;, which, if predicated of human beings, immediately suggest that they have been to the hairdresser's to get themselves a new look and may decide to dye their hair some other colour next week, but still, &quot;Tiene el pelo blanco&quot;, if predicated of a human being, MAY express that the referent used to have dark, blond, or red hair at a previous stage and no longer does, whereas &quot;Tiene pelo blanco&quot; has no such implications, may apply to just some hair, and not necessarily on the referent's head, and is also more likely to be predicated of 'hairy' non-human referents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T15:13:26.533" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:13:26.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10736" CreationDate="2014-12-28T16:26:39.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tiene pelo azul&lt;/code&gt; = his hair is blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tiene el pelo azul&lt;/code&gt; = it can mean the same, but it usually means his hair is &lt;em&gt;currently&lt;/em&gt; blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To explain it informally, you &quot;group&quot; the sentences in a different way: &lt;code&gt;tiene {pelo azul}&lt;/code&gt;: what he has is blue hair, i.e., hair whose quality is being blue; vs &lt;code&gt;{tiene el pelo} azul&lt;/code&gt;: how does he have his hair (now)? blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, as I said before, you can mean &quot;how does he have his hair &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;, but that's not usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2014-12-28T16:32:43.500" LastActivityDate="2014-12-28T16:32:43.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10740" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-28T19:35:48.983" Score="3" ViewCount="792" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy experimentando con unos flashcards de &lt;a href=&quot;http://ankisrs.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Anki&lt;/a&gt;, y encontré esa frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si los niños se &lt;strong&gt;entretuviesen&lt;/strong&gt; por unos minutos podría tomar una siesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la primera vez que he visto una conjugación así.  Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/entretuviesen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wiktionary.org&lt;/a&gt;, esa es la forma &lt;em&gt;tercera persona del plural del subjuntivo imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; del verbo &quot;entretener&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conjugation.org/cgi-bin/conj.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugacion.org&lt;/a&gt;, la forma &lt;em&gt;tercera personal del plural del subjuntivo imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; del verbo &quot;entretener&quot; es &lt;strong&gt;entretenieran&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unos amigos españoles dicen que las dos formas pueden ser correctas, pero quizás la primera forma es más común en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y wiktionary.com no dice nada de la segunda forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay otra diferencia entre las dos formas? ¿Es solo una cosa regional?  O quizás la segunda forma en realidad es incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-01-05T19:16:49.437" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T19:51:42.707" Title="Diferencia entre «entretuviesen» y «entretenieran»" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10740" CreationDate="2014-12-28T19:49:19.700" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que hay dos formas, pero solo una de las que tienes en tu pregunta se admite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entretener&lt;/em&gt; viene del prefijo &lt;em&gt;entre&lt;/em&gt; y la palabra base &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;. Por eso, tiene las mismas irregularidades que tiene su base: &lt;em&gt;entretén&lt;/em&gt; (del imp. &lt;em&gt;ten&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;entretengo&lt;/em&gt; (de pres. ind. &lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;entretendré&lt;/em&gt; (de fut. ind. &lt;em&gt;tendré&lt;/em&gt;), etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La flexión para la tercera persona plural del pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo de &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; es o &lt;em&gt;tuvieran&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tuviesen&lt;/em&gt; (recuerda que todos los verbos tienen mínimo dos formas intercambiables en este tiempo/modo). Por consiguiente las formas de &lt;em&gt;entretener&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;strong&gt;entretuvieran&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;entretuviesen&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único verbo en que puedo pensar que tiene flexiones regulares e irregulares en el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo es &lt;em&gt;placer&lt;/em&gt; (que en la tercera persona plural existen &lt;em&gt;placieran&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pluguieran&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;placiesen&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pluguiesen&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-01-03T01:31:26.150" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T01:31:26.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10742" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10743" CreationDate="2014-12-29T15:33:10.067" Score="3" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the following sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;advertimos que la forma accidental que configura al bronce como estatua o a la madera como silla es algo que &lt;strong&gt;inhiere&lt;/strong&gt; en ellas, que se encuentra en esa materia como en su sujecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the verb corresponding to &lt;code&gt;inhiere&lt;/code&gt; and its meaning in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2014-12-29T21:32:36.363" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:29:34.427" Title="Meaning of verb form 'es algo que *inhiere* en ellas'" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10742" CreationDate="2014-12-29T15:48:09.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/inherir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Inherir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=inherente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inherente&lt;/a&gt; a algo (Constituye una característica imprescindible e inevitable de algo; Que por su naturaleza está de tal manera unido a algo, que no se puede separar de ello)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sentence means that the &lt;em&gt;accidental form&lt;/em&gt; that turns bronze into a statue or wood into a chair is inherent in them. It is found both in that matter as in its subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-01-01T13:11:59.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10742" CreationDate="2014-12-29T15:49:49.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M03Jhd5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Intrínseco&lt;/a&gt; o que es íntimamente asociado a [algo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7227" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:29:34.427" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:29:34.427" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2014-12-30T07:57:18.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's like saying “C’mon hurry up and do what you came here to do.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from México and I’ve heard this phrase all my life. I think originally it says something with sexual connotations referring to a woman named &lt;em&gt;Chencha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2015-01-01T17:41:35.213" LastActivityDate="2015-01-01T17:41:35.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2014-12-30T14:21:42.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the correct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me está por morir el celular/cel/teléfono&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least here in Uruguay we use that expression a lot and means the same.&#xA;(You can use any of the 3 words I used to refer to the cellphone, depending the region, in Uruguay we use mostly these 3 but in Spain the use a lot &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt; or another could be &lt;em&gt;teléfono móvil&lt;/em&gt; but I don't know if that's used in some place).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I think you shouldn't take translatations that uses the &lt;em&gt;batería&lt;/em&gt; word specifically because depending the context, the same phrase could mean that the cellphone isn't working properly or it's very damaged or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;acaba de morir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is wrong because you say that when you cellphone just died, and not when it's about to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastEditorUserId="6804" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T16:47:32.703" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T16:47:32.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10725" CreationDate="2014-12-30T16:00:44.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como español, he relacionado &lt;em&gt;Tren de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; como un tren imaginario antes que relacionarlo con &quot;corriente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que considero &lt;em&gt;Corriente de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Línea de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt; mucho más aceptables que Tren de pensamiento, que creo que es desaconsejable, al menos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7189" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T16:00:44.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10722" CreationDate="2014-12-30T17:53:56.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We are not doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the question we have to understand the real meaning rather that just look word by word. I see it as a bunch of people and the speaker resisting to do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo hacemos. No la hacemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;We don't do that&quot;. Which is not quite the same message you want in the original sentence.&lt;em&gt;lo/la has been explained by @guifa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo haremos. No la haremos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;We won't do that&quot; or &quot;We are not doing it.&quot; Which is the closer meaning I get to the original sentence. //I know &quot;haremos&quot; implies future it is the closest to the original meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Spanish native.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5417" LastEditorUserId="5417" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T18:06:37.877" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T18:06:37.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10755" CreationDate="2014-12-30T22:59:40.963" Score="3" ViewCount="21538" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pork butt&quot; is a cut of meat from the upper part of the shoulder. It is also known as &quot;Boston butt&quot; in the US, or &quot;pork shoulder on the bone&quot; in the UK. It is the cut of meat traditionally used to make the (Mexican?) dish &lt;em&gt;carnitas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_butt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Boston butt&lt;/a&gt;, where it is actually marked as &quot;blade shoulder&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it is not easy to find it in normal supermarkets where I live, and I saw a suggestion online that I might find it more easily in Hispanic &lt;em&gt;bodegas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what would you call this cut of meat in Spanish?  (And most likely with a Mexican slant.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Además&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delicioso!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VlxfP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T13:48:59.883" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T05:24:12.970" Title="What do you call pork butt used to make &quot;carnitas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2014-12-30T23:10:46.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ni modo&lt;/code&gt; also means something like &quot;are you nuts?&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni modo que quieras que te dé un millón de dólares. &lt;sub&gt; Are you nuts? how am I going to give you a million dollars? &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7241" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T14:04:02.873" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T14:04:02.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10753" CreationDate="2014-12-31T00:34:55.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the term is &lt;code&gt;espaldilla&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;cabeza del lomo&lt;/code&gt;, but can also be known as &lt;code&gt;aguja&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8CpDx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8CpDx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;dos&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lasrecetasdelaabuela.com/cortes/cerdo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lasrecetasdelaabuela.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AQQIp.png&quot; alt=&quot;one&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.porkretail.org/filelibrary/Retail/HispNotebookChart2012lr.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this document&lt;/a&gt; interesting for more parts of the animal (it also translates the &lt;em&gt;shoulder butt&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;cabeza de lomo&lt;/strong&gt; ). Please, notice that there may be more than one way to cut the poor animal (when trying to find a proper diagram I noticed that the &lt;em&gt;cerdo ibérico&lt;/em&gt; is cut differently from regular pigs). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T00:52:44.023" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T00:52:44.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2014-12-31T14:59:06.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is not used &lt;strong&gt;Ni modo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good uses would be &lt;em&gt;No importa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;No pasa nada&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Da igual&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Es lo mismo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Lo mismo da&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7189" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T14:59:06.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2014-12-31T19:18:28.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Argentina, and I think it means &quot;&lt;em&gt;right away as you command it&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, meaning both willing to serve, and that the order it's executed as you finish the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's more clear with the phrase complete: «&lt;em&gt;Lo hago a la orden&lt;/em&gt;» (I do it as you command it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope my explanation was clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T19:18:28.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-12-31T19:22:41.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning is: &quot;Espero que (lo que vas a comer) te sea de buen provecho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many languages, when a sentence is uncomplete, it's usually a expression of (good) wish, like the salutions: (I whish you to have a) good day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what you say, &lt;strong&gt;it's not a language issue, but a cultural one&lt;/strong&gt;. In many countries, &lt;strong&gt;you should express a &quot;buen provecho&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; to someone eating when you see it, and mainly if you interrupt or enter a location when someome is eating. Partially, you are saying &quot;keep eating, I don't mean interrupt you&quot;, and partially that you desire that eating does not fell ill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastEditorUserId="2988" LastEditDate="2014-12-31T19:28:47.817" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T19:28:47.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="288" CreationDate="2015-01-03T00:36:08.380" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si tenés una sola oportunidad, usála. (Rioplatense Spanish)&#xA;Si teneis solo una oportunidad, aprovechadla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7258" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2015-01-26T15:32:02.973" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T15:32:02.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2015-01-03T11:38:45.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vení is only used by spanish speakers who speak with the vosotros. People typically from Nicaragua, Argentina, and Uruguay speak with that. Therefore, the word vení simply means the same thing as &quot;come&quot; or if we say venite means &quot;come here&quot;. It's the same as if other people say &quot;ven aquí&quot; or just &quot;ven&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7259" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T11:38:45.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10771" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10773" CreationDate="2015-01-03T22:36:51.077" Score="1" ViewCount="946" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just eating some tortilla chips and salsa when I asked myself, &quot;What is the difference between this salsa and something like &lt;code&gt;salsa de espagueti&lt;/code&gt;?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I have yet to hear or read an emphasis on the type of &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt; being made/used/eaten...  Whenever I search YouTube for &quot;how to make salsa&quot; or &quot;como hacer salsa&quot; or &quot;como hacer salsa italiana&quot;, I get that same sauce that I would normally refer to as &lt;code&gt;marinana sauce&lt;/code&gt;, in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;This is not a gastronomical question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not asking how to make the salsa.  That is irrelevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a correct way to distinguish between the &lt;code&gt;marinara sauce&lt;/code&gt; I referred to earlier and the salsa you would use as a tortilla chip dip?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tositos makes salsa dip, queso dip, all sorts of dips, but in Spanish it seems that are pretty much all considered &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears that,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;All that is saucy is salsa&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-01-05T16:52:51.137" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T16:52:51.137" Title="What is Salsa? Which Salsa is which?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10771" CreationDate="2015-01-03T23:40:41.493" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Salsa&lt;/code&gt; is the Spanish word for &lt;code&gt;sauce&lt;/code&gt;. The application method doesn't matter, so  &lt;code&gt;dips&lt;/code&gt; are also &lt;code&gt;salsas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, all dips and sauces are considered &lt;code&gt;salsas&lt;/code&gt; and you distinguish them by adding words, as in &lt;code&gt;salsa de queso&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;salsa blanca&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;salsa mayonesa&lt;/code&gt;, etc. Some don't even have &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt; in their names, as &lt;code&gt;alioli&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pesto&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;mostaza&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that company has a &quot;just &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt;&quot; dip. Well, it can be anything. If there is a particular sauce known just as &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt; in English, then probably that's it. I suspect it's some kind of sauce associated with Mexican food, such as &lt;code&gt;salsa roja&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;salsa verde&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_de_gallo&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pico de gallo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T23:40:41.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10771" CreationDate="2015-01-04T02:33:41.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Salsa&lt;/code&gt; can be understood as pretty much anything that you would put over food to make it more tasty, or any kind of juice involved in cooking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=rFcNRgh0CDXX2VfSo0D3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salsa&lt;/a&gt; explains that it is a composition of different edible substances used to season or dress the food. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember that when eating at my parents we would usually have a salad, and my father would ask &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vas a mojar en la salsa? &lt;sub&gt; Are you going to dip in the sauce? &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even if the salad technically had an &lt;em&gt;aliño &lt;sub&gt; (dressing)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; made of oil and vinegar instead of a sauce, but the word &lt;em&gt;salsa&lt;/em&gt; conveyed the message. A &lt;code&gt;salsa&lt;/code&gt; in pretty much anything that you could use to dip, that's why all those sauces Tostitos makes are considered &lt;em&gt;salsas&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to this board meaning, the word &lt;em&gt;salsa&lt;/em&gt; may be omitted when describing some dishes like in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espagueti con (salsa de) tomate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T02:33:41.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10774" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-04T02:42:36.157" Score="3" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not literally&lt;/strong&gt;, but etymologically/historically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might sound like a stupid question but the thought popped into my head and I was wondering if it had any merit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite verb forms for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; end in &lt;em&gt;-ste&lt;/em&gt; (e.g., &lt;em&gt;bebiste&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cantaste&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conociste&lt;/em&gt;), and I was curious if this suffix was related to the pronoun &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, because it almost appears like these verbs could be some type of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form with &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; appended (&lt;em&gt;bebis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cantas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conocis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5272" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T13:46:28.140" Title="Is the past tense -ste suffix (e.g., &quot;bebiste&quot;) related to the pronoun &quot;te&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2015-01-04T09:59:51.537" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cel casi no tiene pila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last three words mean &lt;em&gt;to die&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7262" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2015-01-05T00:45:39.980" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T00:45:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10780" CreationDate="2015-01-04T11:43:56.643" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Le quedan entradas?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;pronombre&quot; &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; is it used to express a formal way to ask somebody &quot;&lt;em&gt;do you have tickets left&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? For example the following question is the equivalent  non-formal way of the same question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Te quedan entradas?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7178" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T16:15:27.040" Title="¿Le quedan entradas?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10774" CreationDate="2015-01-04T14:23:28.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verbal ending already existed in Latin conjugation. This is the &lt;strong&gt;amo&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt;) indicative past perfect conjugation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;amav-i&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amav-isti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;amav-it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;amav-imus&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;amav-istis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;amav-erunt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second person &lt;strong&gt;amavisti&lt;/strong&gt; evolved &lt;strong&gt;amaste&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin the enclitic pronoun (suffixe) are not used. So there is no reason to think that this conjugation comes from the addition of the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T14:39:52.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10778" CreationDate="2015-01-04T16:15:27.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the RAE's entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=jDHGqjjQZD6QSpsMYp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is stated that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como pronombres de &lt;strong&gt;tercera persona gramatical&lt;/strong&gt; a usted y ustedes les corresponden las formas átonas lo(s), la(s) para el complemento directo y &lt;strong&gt;le(s)&lt;/strong&gt; para el indirecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;compare their example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ustedes &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; gusta ir a ese baile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with yours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(A usted) &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; quedan entradas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tricky thing is that &lt;code&gt;usted/ustedes&lt;/code&gt; is grammatically  considered a third person, even if it refers to a second person (also from the same reference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque su referente es siempre una &lt;strong&gt;segunda persona&lt;/strong&gt;, pues designa al interlocutor a quien se habla, gramaticalmente es un pronombre de &lt;strong&gt;tercera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why when you are not using the &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; form you use the pronoun of the second form &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T16:15:27.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2015-01-05T12:18:12.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Alberto es completamente correcta, no obstante también se te entiende, y son usadas las expresiones que te pongo a continuación y creo que son una traducción más literal de lo que enuncias arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi móvil va a morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi móvil está a punto de morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T12:18:12.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4701" CreationDate="2015-01-05T19:01:21.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;in Venezuela we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi celular esta apunto de morirse &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi celular se va a morir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1969" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T19:01:21.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10787" CreationDate="2015-01-05T19:51:49.967" Score="2" ViewCount="1504" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escribiendo una receta de cómo preparar la sopa, tratando de usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/86&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;las formas impersonales de los verbos&lt;/a&gt; (por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se necesita&lt;/strong&gt; calentar el agua&lt;/em&gt;). Cuando la mostré a mis amigos hispanohablantes me dijeron que esta versión suena raro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;em&gt;se puede&lt;/em&gt; colocar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y que hay que escribirla así (sin &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;em&gt;se puede&lt;/em&gt; colocar incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando uno cambia la frase, por ejemplo, usando la segunda persona del singular del verbo &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, aparece el objeto directo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;em&gt;puedes&lt;/em&gt; colocar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;em&gt;podemos&lt;/em&gt; colocar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la regla gramatical que corresponde a este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2015-01-06T16:34:43.387" LastActivityDate="2015-03-19T20:03:39.803" Title="¿Cuál es el análisis gramatical de la siguiente frase?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10785" CreationDate="2015-01-05T20:01:48.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu problema es el sujeto de la oración. en el segundo y tercer caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Tú) puedes colorcalo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Nosotros) podemos colocarlo....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sujeto es la persona y se usa el objeto directo &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; para identificar que lo que podemos colocar es el repollo.&#xA;Por el contrario en la primera oración el sujeto es el repollo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El repollo) se puede colocar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo tanto no es correcto usar el objeto directo &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7270" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-19T20:03:39.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10785" CreationDate="2015-01-05T20:02:19.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema con la primera frase no es que sobre el &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;, si no el uso redundante del pronombre &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, que puede ser entendido también como pronombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; puede colocar incluso antes de de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has eliminado el pronombre &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que se refiere al repollo, por el &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, que en este caso es un &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot; impersonal&lt;/em&gt; (el &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; se convierte en una partícula que esconde al agente de la acción: aquel que coloca el repollo). Pero &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; puede hacer también de pronombre y referir al complemento indirecto, y podría ir también tras el verbo, como va el &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; en los otros ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, puede colocar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; incluso antes de de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta de que en las dos últimas frases puedes cambiar el &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; de posición, ya que es un simple pronombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; puedes/podemos colocar incluso antes de de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; puede colocar incluso antes de de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y tendría el mismo valor que el &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y puede ir con el verbo &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; (No es obligatorio user &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;), aunque en este caso sea un &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot; impersonal&lt;/em&gt;, y no un pronombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso &amp;quot;obligatorio&amp;quot; de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; viene con la conjugación en segunda persona (puedes/podemos) ya que entonces no tiene cabida el uso de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot; impersonal&lt;/em&gt; o como pronombre, porque el repollo sería entonces el complemento directo, y usamos &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;le&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T20:32:03.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10793" CreationDate="2015-01-06T06:49:26.760" Score="4" ViewCount="10139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been looking for the word for a while. Teaching my spanish speaking father to use his smartphone, so I want to tell him what things are called in his language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When looking at dictionaries I only get the meanings of hitting and such (old meanings). How would you say &lt;strong&gt;swipe&lt;/strong&gt; in the context of something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Swipe left on the screen to dismiss&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7272" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-06T15:42:50.690" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T16:07:04.027" Title="How do you say &quot;swipe&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10789" CreationDate="2015-01-06T07:36:45.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what I would say to my mom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le das a la derecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le das a la izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que das quedaría algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dale a la izquierda (Pásale el dedo) para que se cancele/se borre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dismiss is &lt;em&gt;descartar&lt;/em&gt; but it is not a normal word on day-day speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T07:36:45.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10789" CreationDate="2015-01-06T11:46:18.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele traducir como &lt;code&gt;desplazar&lt;/code&gt; (el dedo, la pantalla o el elemento gráfico que sea) o &lt;code&gt;deslizar el dedo&lt;/code&gt;. “Desplace la pantalla hacia la izquierda”, “deslice el dedo hacia la izquierda”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se encuentra &lt;code&gt;desplazar&lt;/code&gt; como verbo intransitivo (“desplace hacia la izquierda”). En mi opinión es incorrecto, aunque se sobreentiende “el dedo”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T11:46:18.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10785" CreationDate="2015-01-06T14:29:07.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Diego es correcta. Añado que la ambigüedad del &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; en este caso implica que la primera frase no es incorrecta, aunque la segunda sea (marginalmente) preferible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que no es incorrecta se puede comprobar cambiando de lugar el &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, se puede &lt;strong&gt;colocarlo&lt;/strong&gt;  incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el repollo es demasiado duro, se &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; puede colocar incluso antes de las papas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es equivalente, y suena un poco menos rara. Porque la inmediatez del &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; deja más en claro que el &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; es impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T16:34:28.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10789" CreationDate="2015-01-06T15:58:44.623" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate as &lt;code&gt;deslizar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desliza&lt;/strong&gt; el dedo por la pantalla para descartar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deslice&lt;/strong&gt; el dedo hacia la izquierda para descartar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrastre&lt;/strong&gt; el dedo por la pantalla para descartar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Deslizar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt; convey well the meaning that you are moving your finger with a swift movement while touching the screen. I also see &amp;quot;swipe&amp;quot; in the context of a credit/debit card:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Swipe your card to pay / Swipe your card and follow the instructions on the screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in which case &amp;quot;swipe&amp;quot; should be translated only as &lt;code&gt;deslizar&lt;/code&gt;, but not &lt;code&gt;arrastrar&lt;/code&gt;. Maybe you could even use &lt;code&gt;pasar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pase&lt;/strong&gt; su tarjeta de débito/crédito y siga las instrucciones de la pantalla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I would favor &lt;code&gt;deslizar&lt;/code&gt;. For an action on a smartphone screen, I would also favor &lt;code&gt;deslizar&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;pasar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T16:07:04.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-06T23:46:33.623" Score="0" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know already several of these situations but I start seeing more in my textbook, so I think there is a chance there is a lot more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;can someone please give a fullest list possible of these situations&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I know include&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;when reflexive verbs are use like levantarse, cepillarse. For example, cepillarse el pelo, not su or mi pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example, I can't explain exactly why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se levanta temeroso de que se le caiga el techo en la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T13:41:00.213" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T23:02:44.707" Title="A list of situations where there is no need to specify the person with his, her or their and etc" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2015-01-07T02:19:58.373" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra TUANI proviene del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malesp%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alfabeto creado por el General Malespín&lt;/a&gt; durante la intervención de Estados Unidos en Nicaragua en 1912, en ese entonces el General Benjamin Zeledón le encomendó al Gral. Malespín que creara un alfabeto especial para poder enviar y recibir mensajes sin que los gringos pudieran descifrarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El alfabeto consistía en cambiar algunas letras por otras; por ejemplo con las vocales; A por E y la E por A, la I por O y la O por I, la letra U quedo igual, en cuanto a las consonantes, la B por T y la T por B, la C por S y la S por C, la M por P y la P por M, la F por G y la G por F.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera que la palabra TUANI es el resultado de la palabra BUENO es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;T U A N I = B U E N O&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Nicaragua existen otras palabras también usadas pero menos común como por ejemplo EPOFI que significa AMIGO, BRETEJI que es TRABAJO, HARPENI es HERMANO y PENEFUE que significa MANAGUA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7277" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-04-08T09:00:20.097" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T09:00:20.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-07T18:33:27.407" Score="0" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that there are many form of &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; in Español but can somebody give me the summary of that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4153" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T21:11:46.767" Title="Can sb explain me the uses of se in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11797" CreationDate="2015-01-08T03:26:11.777" Score="3" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about the best way to translate &quot;that will never work&quot; and similar phrases with a vague &quot;that&quot; as the subject (like &quot;that's not a good idea&quot; or &quot;that's the third time he said it&quot;). Should I just leave the subject off (&quot;no va a funcionar&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8282" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T21:32:04.593" Title="Translation of &quot;That will never work&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11796" CreationDate="2015-01-08T04:59:20.987" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;That will never work&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso nunca funcionará (&lt;em&gt;That will never work&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso nunca va a funcionar (&lt;em&gt;That is never going to work&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other sentences you listed can be similarly translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no es una buena idea (&lt;em&gt;That is not a good idea&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la tercera vez que él lo dijo (&lt;em&gt;That is the third time he said it&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can omit the &amp;quot;Eso&amp;quot; (that) as you have done and the sentence will still be correct, provided it is clear what &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; refers to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8283" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T21:32:04.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11801" CreationDate="2015-01-08T05:38:47.190" Score="1" ViewCount="3741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &lt;strong&gt;conmigo&lt;/strong&gt; is standard grammar, as prescribed by RAE. However, on a couple of occasions I've also seen people using &lt;strong&gt;con yo&lt;/strong&gt;. If that helps, I saw that in a Spanish language chatroom where a lot of colloquialism was being thrown around. My question is, is it just plain wrong colloquialism? Or is it possible that &lt;strong&gt;con yo&lt;/strong&gt; is actually the preferred version in some dialect of Spanish somewhere? If so, which dialect would that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:47:58.250" Title="&quot;Con yo&quot; instead of conmigo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11798" CreationDate="2015-01-08T07:03:08.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is just a way of joking around. It is &lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt; and people knows that but you say it to your friends to sound funny or closer and make emphasis in what you want to say. You can say it in relaxed moments, or whenever you want, but if the situation gets serious you may sound out of context by saying it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's common to say &lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt; things in these cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T14:47:58.250" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:47:58.250" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11798" CreationDate="2015-01-08T13:30:53.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;strong&gt;con yo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;AFAIK&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect, there's no use really in the Spanish language. However, I heard some expressions like this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A yo&lt;/em&gt; me gustaría viajar por el mundo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I would like to travel around the world.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;a yo&lt;/em&gt; is an informal and regional way of referring to the first person &lt;em&gt;I / me&lt;/em&gt; (I heard these kind of expressions from people from Boyacá Department).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;This must be considered an optional answer without having evidence of usage or history background.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2015-01-08T14:40:35.937" LastActivityDate="2015-01-08T14:40:35.937" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-01-08T13:30:53.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11798" CreationDate="2015-01-08T14:20:28.743" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;My vote is for &quot;plain wrong&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think is a colloquialism, nor that a Spanish dialect would admit it, much less as a &lt;em&gt;preferred&lt;/em&gt; version. It is just that some people, even native speakers, make some mistakes when speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My 5 year old nephew for example used to say &quot;more good&quot; and &quot;more bad&quot;, and the adults would teach the proper ways (&quot;better&quot; and &quot;worse&quot;). I have heard similar things from adults, and this may not mean that the are uneducated or illiterate. Sometimes we just don't realize it when we talk, or you kind of change your mind in mid-sentence, and you end up saying one of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same applied to Spaniards. I remember one of my teachers saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A quién no se le ha escapado alguna vez un &quot;haiga&quot; &lt;sub&gt; (wrong conjugation of &quot;Haber&quot; in presente subjuntivo &lt;em&gt;&quot;haiga&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &quot;haya&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard &quot;con yo&quot; (when should have been &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;), &quot;andé&quot; (when should have been &lt;em&gt;anduve&lt;/em&gt;), &quot;conducí&quot; (when should have been &lt;em&gt;conduje&lt;/em&gt;), etc. Probably I have said them too, without even realizing and without people correcting me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, either people in the chatroom were doing it on purpose to sound funny, or they were using poor Spanish. Honest mistake, I'm sure, but can't be considered a colloquialism and it goes too much against grammar rules to be considered the preferred or accepted form in a Spanish dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-01-08T14:20:28.743" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11795" CreationDate="2015-01-09T21:11:46.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un breve resumen de los usos de la partícula &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; cortesía de &lt;a href=&quot;http://mimosa.pntic.mec.es/ajuan3/lengua/usosdese.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Se sustituto de le/les. Función: Complemento Indirecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le di el libro / Se lo di. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Se reflexivo: Función: Complemento Directo/Indirecto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña se peina (a sí misma)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Se dativo o intensificador del verbo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comió tres platos. / &lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; comió tres platos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- Se recíproco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las niñas se peinan (la una a la otra)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5- Indicador de voz media &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se asuste usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6- Se pronominal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se arrepintió de lo que había hecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7- Se impersonal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este restaurante se come muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8- Se pasivo reflejo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se venden pisos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T21:11:46.767" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-01-09T21:11:46.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10740" CreationDate="2015-01-10T01:44:04.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Entetenieran&quot; esta totalmente incorrecto. Las únicas conjugaciones que se permiten en este caso son &quot;entretuvieran&quot; y &quot;entretuviesen&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Entretuvieran&quot; es la forma mas común de decirlo en latinoamérica, y &quot;entretuviesen&quot; lo dicen mucho en España. Pero como decidas usarlo, ambos casos están bien y no hay diferencia entre ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8293" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T19:51:42.707" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T19:51:42.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11807" CreationDate="2015-01-10T06:50:58.713" Score="2" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify the grammar and the translation of 'al' in the sentence below. It is from RTVE article &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20150108/tsj-catalan-ve-indicios-desobediencia-artur-mas-acatar-suspension-del-9n/1081205.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El TSJ catalán ve indicios de desobediencia en Artur Mas por no acatar la suspensión del 9N&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña (TSJC) aprecia indicios&#xA;  de que el presidente de la Generalitat, Artur Mas, pudo incurrir en un&#xA;  delito de desobediencia al no acatar la orden del Tribunal&#xA;  Constitucional (TC) que suspendía la consulta alternativa soberanista&#xA;  del 9N.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article is about (I think) the governor of Catalonia/Spain Artur Mas ignored a stop order and moved on to run a referendum for the independence of Catalonia, and the supreme court claims it is an offence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Related Topic&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2182/when-is-al-not-interchangeable-with-a-el/2184#2184&quot;&gt;When is “al” not interchangeable with “a el”?&lt;/a&gt; says 'al + infinitive' means 'on/upon … ing' in English, indicating the timing when something happens/ed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the article and the context, it seems not about 'timing'. I asked a Spanish friend and she suggested it would rather be &quot;because of&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The TSJC assesses the evidences that the Generalist Party leader Artur Mas could commit an offence of noncompliance because of not abiding by the order from TC that suspended the inquiry of 9N&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this understanding 'al = due to/because of' correct? &#xA;Is there any references addressing this usage of 'al'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate your help and suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-01-17T18:10:51.863" Title="How to translate 'al' in &quot;un delito de desobediencia al no acatar la orden&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11805" CreationDate="2015-01-10T11:07:10.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu traducción está bastante bien, se entiende, pero esta construcción gramatical -&quot;al&quot;+inf.- tiene un matiz bastante diferente al de una relación causal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quisiéramos expresar 100% causalidad, en lugar de &quot;al&quot; usaríamos &quot;por&quot;, que no siempre es intercambiable por &quot;al&quot;. (En cualquier caso, siempre se cambian matices.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Artur Mas pudo incurrir en un delito de desobediencia al no acatar la orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se entiende como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hecho de que Artur Mas no haya acatado la orden hace que [Artur Mas] haya podido incurrir en un delito [de no acatar la orden].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado causal es una consecuencia de la situación causa-efecto que produce la construcción &quot;al&quot;+infinitivo, pero en el sentido estricto no es equivalente a un &quot;por&quot;. De hecho no podemos intercambiarlo aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Artur Mas pudo incurrir en un delito de desobediencia por no acatar la orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no queda bien, no es fiel al significado original: el no acatar la orden es el delito, no la causa del delito. Habría que cambiar la frase para que fuera fiel al sentido original, por ejemplo (¡me lo invento!):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El TSJC penalizará a Artur Mas por no acatar la orden de suspender la consulta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Se sobreentiende que el no acatar la orden constituye un delito y en consecuencia debe ser penalizado.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="6817" LastEditDate="2015-01-10T11:12:19.357" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T11:12:19.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11805" CreationDate="2015-01-10T12:05:20.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's correct. “&lt;em&gt;Al&lt;/em&gt; + infinive” can have a temporal or causal meaning. With negated verbs, as in this case, the causal meaning is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española - Manual&lt;/em&gt; de la R.A.E. (Espasa):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;26.5.4a&lt;/strong&gt;     La partícula &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; en la pauta «&lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo» (&lt;em&gt;al leer el libro&lt;/em&gt;) procede de la&#xA;  primitiva unión de preposición y artículo. No obstante, hoy parece comportarse&#xA;  como conjunción en este contexto, ya que no introduce grupos nominales ni&#xA;  pronombres. Las construcciones formadas con «&lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo» pueden tener, según el&#xA;  contexto, sentido causal o temporal. Se prefiere la interpretación causal con verbos&#xA;  de estado (&lt;em&gt;Al ser el hermano mayor, se encargó de todo&lt;/em&gt;), con predicados negados (&lt;em&gt;Al&#xA;  no recibir noticias suyas, lo tuvo por muerto&lt;/em&gt;), o cuando el infinitivo aparece en su&#xA;  forma compuesta (&lt;em&gt;Al haberlo entendido así, ya no dijo nada&lt;/em&gt;). En cambio, los adverbios focales, como &lt;em&gt;exactamente&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;justo&lt;/em&gt;, favorecen el sentido temporal: &lt;em&gt;exactamente&#xA;  al sonar el reloj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;justo al cruzar la calle&lt;/em&gt;. Tal interpretación es la única posible en las&#xA;  variantes «&lt;em&gt;a(l) poco de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo» y «&lt;em&gt;nada más&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo», la segunda, característica del español europeo: &lt;em&gt;Salió para el hospital {a(l) poco de ~ nada más} recibir la&#xA;  noticia&lt;/em&gt;. Lo mismo sucede con &lt;em&gt;a { las dos horas ~ los tres días ~ el rato ~ el año} de llegar&#xA;  a la ciudad&lt;/em&gt; y construcciones afines. El infinitivo admite sujeto expreso en todos estos&#xA;  casos: &lt;em&gt;Al ser Julio el hermano mayor, ...&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Justo al cruzar Marta la calle, ...&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Al salir el&#xA;  sol, ...&lt;/em&gt;, de acuerdo con lo señalado en el § 26.4.2a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2015-01-10T12:13:23.337" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T12:13:23.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10794" CreationDate="2015-01-10T13:14:32.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what you're looking for. Maybe the problem is that you need an appropriate question so then you could easily find the answer in a book or on Internet. (I remember the great book &amp;quot;The hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy&amp;quot;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe I can help you anyway. I'll write in spanish because I express myself better in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a intentar reformular tu pregunta: ¿Preguntas en qué casos, cuando en inglés se usa un determinante posesivo en un sintagma nominal, en el contexto de una oración, en español no es necesario y normalmente no lo ponemos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es así, pondré ejemplos primero y luego expndré el análisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lavo los dientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I brush my teeth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me prestas tu bolígrafo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Can I borrow your pen?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Le ha robado la cartera!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He stole his wallet!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que podemos establecer un patrón sin necesidad de hacer una lista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso que tú conoces es el de los verbos reflexivos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, pero eso es un caso particular. Son el caso en que el sujeto y el complemento directo (CD) o indirecto (CI) coinciden (el sujeto ejerce la acción sobre sí mismo). El &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; en esos casos son el complemento directo o indirecto. Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me cepillo los dientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sujeto: yo. CD: los dientes. CI: me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me peino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sujeto: yo. CD: me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso general: En los ejemplos (1) y (3) elidimos los determinantes posesivos (&lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;his&lt;/em&gt;) porque el pronombre personal de CI que hay en cada oración nos indica que la acción recae en esa persona, y sobreentendemos que los dientes (ejemplo (1)) son de la persona a la que alude el pronombre (es el caso reflexivo), o que la cartera (ejemplo (3)) es de la persona a la que han robado (nuevamente nos lo indica el pronombre). Si viéramos escrito -cosa rara-:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le cepillo los dientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;querría decir que el sujeto estaría cepillando los dientes a la persona a la que alude el &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, probablemente un niño pequeño que no sabe hacerlo por sí mismo. Lo mismo con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(5)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Átate los cordones de los zapatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los zapatos son tuyos porque así nos lo indica el &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además en todos estos casos el objeto es algo muy personal: normalmente uno no va a cepillar los dientes a otro, no va a atar los cordones a otro y tampoco va a llevar encima la cartera de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo (2) indicamos el determinante posesivo &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;tu bolígrafo&lt;/em&gt; porque podría ser que le pidiéramos el bolígrafo de otra persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me prestas el bolígrafo de tu hermana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión: Depende de la relación con el objeto, entenderemos de quién es mediante el pronombre o necesitaremos añadir un posesivo. Si, como en los dientes, normalmente no se los cepillamos a otro, el pronombre nos lo dirá; si, como en el bolígrafo, puede ser de otra persona, lo especificamos mediante el posesivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que mi respuesta te ayude, no sé si era esto lo que buscabas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Ahora mismo no recuerdo con exactitud la definición de verbo relexivo, pero llamémoslos así ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, volviendo al ejemplo del bolígrafo, al decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha robado el bolígrafo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se sobreentendería que el bolígrafo es mío (o estaba en mi posesión enel momento del robo). Podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha robado mi bolígrafo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero eso sería sólo para enfatizar que el bolígrafo es mío. Si te roban el coche, lo más normal es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer me robaron el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ninguno de estos casos usaríamos la fórmula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer robaron mi coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es correcta pero inusual en lenguaje coloquial. En todos estos casos usamos el CI y, así, sobreendemos el posesivo y decimos &lt;em&gt;el coche&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;mi coche&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, en lenguaje formal (periódicos...) tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robaron el coche del presidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le robaron el coche al presidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que siempre que un ponombre personal nos indique de quién es el objeto no pondremos un determinante posesivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente cuestión será: ¿cuándo hay necesidad de poner un pronombre de CI para estos casos? Por el momento sólo puedo decir que con el uso uno lo va aprendiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6817" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T23:02:44.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11810" CreationDate="2015-01-10T14:40:57.533" Score="2" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across a quote that had a word italicized, followed by the parenthetical explanation that &quot;&lt;em&gt;the italics are ours&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (the italics are mine there). This is common. But it said (in Spanish), &quot;Los bastardillas son nuestras&quot; (the italics were theirs there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought the word for italics was &quot;cursiva&quot;; and the word &quot;bastarda&quot; means &quot;bastard&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: why was &quot;bastardilla&quot; use here instead of &quot;cursiva&quot; and, is there some connection between italics and bastards and, if so, what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T02:17:51.317" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T02:18:25.780" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Las bastardillas&quot; in this context?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;escritura-manuscrita&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11809" CreationDate="2015-01-10T15:42:00.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are almost synonyms. &lt;code&gt;Cursiva&lt;/code&gt; can also mean handwriting, while &lt;code&gt;bastardilla&lt;/code&gt; means just printed letters resembling handwriting (slanted to the right, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Letra bastardilla&lt;/code&gt; comes from &lt;code&gt;letra bastarda&lt;/code&gt;, which was how cursive handwriting was called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, everyday software has popularized &lt;code&gt;cursiva&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;itálica&lt;/code&gt; at the expense of &lt;code&gt;bastardilla&lt;/code&gt;, which remains as a somewhat obscure technical term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastardilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastardilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T02:18:25.780" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T02:18:25.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11812" CreationDate="2015-01-11T00:01:31.697" Score="2" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate &quot;How (much)&quot; when asking about non-numeric properties?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;How bright is that light?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;How hard was the exam?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8282" LastActivityDate="2015-01-11T07:24:21.367" Title="Translating &quot;How (much)&quot; in non-numeric situations" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11811" CreationDate="2015-01-11T00:31:21.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How bright is that light? =&amp;gt; ¿Cuán brillante es esa luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How hard was the exam? =&amp;gt; ¿Cuán difícil fue el examen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is a formal word and sometimes affected.&#xA;It will always be more normal to make a periphrasis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es muy brillante esa luz? ¿Cuánto brilla esa luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue muy difícil el examen? ¿Cómo estuvo el examen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-11T00:37:12.847" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11811" CreationDate="2015-01-11T07:24:21.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;cuán&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;qué tan&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan brillante es esa luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan difícil fue el examen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; + ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es de brillante esa luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo fue de difícil el examen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-11T07:24:21.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11805" CreationDate="2015-01-11T22:08:05.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing you need to take into account is that &quot;el&quot; plus infinitive in Spanish is often the same as a gerund used as a noun in English.  Thus,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el no acatar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;might be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;not complying with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seen in this light, &quot;al&quot; plus infinitive could be seen as &quot;a&quot; plus &quot;el&quot; plus infinitive, although Spanish grammar texts will generally not exlain it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;al no acatar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;on not complying with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-01-11T22:08:05.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11818" CreationDate="2015-01-12T10:44:13.800" Score="4" ViewCount="1030" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard that a combination of two (or more) of the same suffixes is possible (&lt;em&gt;chiquititita&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible two combine two different suffixes with the same meaning? Is the word &lt;em&gt;chiquitín&lt;/em&gt; produced this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about combining a diminutive and an augmentative suffix to produce a word? That won't make sense, or will it (maybe to express irony or something)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8297" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T14:58:30.810" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:10:19.207" Title="Combining diminutive/augmentative suffixes" Tags="&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11819" CreationDate="2015-01-12T10:58:21.990" Score="2" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like &quot;&lt;em&gt;-(c)ito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-(c)ita&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;-(c)illo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-(c)illa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are quite interchangeable (though the last ones are less common). What are the differences between them? What about other suffixes whithing the same groups(&lt;em&gt;-(c)ito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-(c)illo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-zuelo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-(c)ín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-(c)iño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;-ote&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;-aco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ajo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ote&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ucho&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which feature does each of them have? Or do they mostly depend on regional traditions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8297" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T15:57:14.763" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T18:25:41.110" Title="Suffixes interchangeability" Tags="&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11816" CreationDate="2015-01-12T15:19:29.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never heard 'chiqui&lt;strong&gt;ti&lt;/strong&gt;tita', although I have heard people using suffixes in the way you describe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The root of that word would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=6oYHjq7OBDXX2dHJ8lw3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chiquito/ta&lt;/a&gt;, so you could form 'chiquit&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt;' (no extra 'ti'). As you can see in the definition the word itself is the diminutive form of &lt;em&gt;chico&lt;/em&gt; (which can be understood also as an adjetive meaning &quot;small&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;chiquit&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you would be adding a diminutive to a word that already depicts something small or tiny, but you are not really adding two sets of diminutives to &quot;chico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use other suffixes to enhance the meaning of other suffix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pequeñitísimo (pequeño -&gt; pequeñ&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; pequeñit&lt;strong&gt;ísimo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, I have heard &quot;pequeñitito&quot;, which I guess is formed in the way you describe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pequeñitito (pequeño -&gt; pequeñ&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; pequeñit&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt; or pequeñit&lt;strong&gt;ico&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so I guess such combination may be possible, although not with all suffixes. Also probably this usage may be understood as colloquial and not as something that adheres to the &lt;em&gt;best practices&lt;/em&gt; of the grammar (favor &lt;code&gt;pequeñísimo&lt;/code&gt; over &quot;pequeñitísimo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the same same reason, using augmentative and diminutive suffixes for the same word may be possible in  colloquial Spanish. Just imagine that you see the baby of a friend of yours, and this baby (&lt;em&gt;chiquito&lt;/em&gt;) has grown a lot since the last time you saw him, and you want to convey that the &lt;em&gt;pequeñín&lt;/em&gt; is a &quot;big small kid&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué guapo está este chiquit&lt;strong&gt;ote&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if your friend had kittens (&lt;em&gt;gatitos&lt;/em&gt;) and one was much bigger than the rest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no es un gatito, es un gatit&lt;strong&gt;ote&lt;/strong&gt;!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this usage is completely colloquial, and the context may be carrying a lot of information that helps to think such words may be just fine to express the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T14:36:46.080" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T14:36:46.080" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11817" CreationDate="2015-01-12T15:54:57.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think some of them depend on regional variations (&lt;em&gt;-iño&lt;/em&gt; for example is something that you would hear in the north of Spain, influenced by Galician speakers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other suffixes may contain different inflections (-illo may contain an emotional inflection).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diner&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt; vs diner&lt;strong&gt;illo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hombrec&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt; vs hombre&lt;strong&gt;cillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also -illo may depict things that are smaller than -ito (cucharita vs. cucharilla) but there is not a definitive rule about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2011/02/ejemplos-sufijo-zuelo-zuela.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-zuelo&lt;/a&gt; may also contain emotional (pejorative) connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The differences and connotations between them may be so fuzzy that the context would give you more information than the suffix itself and is not possible to get a proper, definitive list of the variations of significance and connotations of each one of the suffixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-illo and -cillo may be less common due to regional differences. Some Spanish dialects may be less prone to use certain suffixes (making even more difficult to get a definitive list of the exact connotation of a diminutive or its divergence/variance from others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T15:58:07.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11821" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11824" CreationDate="2015-01-12T22:02:01.300" Score="1" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo mi trabajo de casa en que tengo que describir mis costumbres de la Navidad cuando era pequeña y tengo un problema con esta frase. He escrito: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un día de la Nochebuena los regalos eran debajo del árbol desde mañana y nunca no hemos podido resistirnos a abrirlos hasta la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es mi traducción correcta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8299" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T13:59:16.113" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T16:01:50.030" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;we couldn't resist opening them until the first star&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-12T22:12:38.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, está bastante bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el día de Nochebuena los regalos estaban debajo del árbol desde la mañana y nunca hemos podido resistir abrirlos hasta la primera estrella. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de la primera estrella no lo entiendo bien, supongo que quieres decir que por la noche ya los abríais.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8300" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T23:22:17.860" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T23:22:17.860" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-12T22:17:51.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nunca hemos podido resistir abrirlos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nunca nos hemos podido resistir a abrirlos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nunca pudimos resistir abrirlos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varias formas de decirlo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8300" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T23:21:40.217" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T23:21:40.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-12T23:19:25.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; día de Nochebuena los regalos &lt;strong&gt;estaban&lt;/strong&gt; debajo del árbol desde &lt;strong&gt;por la&lt;/strong&gt; mañana y nunca hemos podido resistirnos a abrirlos hasta la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; día de Nochebuena&quot; si no &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; día&quot;, salvo que quisieras señalar uno concreto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los regalos no &quot;eran&quot; sino &lt;strong&gt;&quot;estaban&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, porque te refieres a su colocación. Puedes usar también &quot;estarían&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lugar de &quot;desde mañana&quot; debe ser &quot;desde &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mañana&quot; o &quot;desde &lt;strong&gt;por la&lt;/strong&gt; mañana&quot;. &quot;desde mañana&quot; tiene el sentido de &quot;desde el día de mañana&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T12:08:04.710" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T12:08:04.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-13T12:02:48.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un día de la Nochebuena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ocurría todas las nochebuenas? &lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;En nochebuena&lt;/em&gt; &amp;nbsp; o &lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;En el día de nochebuena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los regalos eran debajo del árbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→ &lt;em&gt;los regalos &lt;strong&gt;estaban&lt;/strong&gt; debajo del árbol&lt;/em&gt;   &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; o &lt;br&gt;&#xA; → &lt;em&gt;los regalos &lt;strong&gt;estaban&lt;/strong&gt; bajo el árbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;desde mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→ &lt;em&gt;desde &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mañana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;code&gt;mañana&lt;/code&gt; (adverbio) = tomorrow/jutro, &lt;code&gt;la mañana&lt;/code&gt; (sustantivo) = the morning/ranek)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y nunca no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→ &lt;em&gt;y nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano, si ya hay un adverbio negativo delante del verbo, se omite el &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt;. “Nunca pudimos” but “no pudimos nunca”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hemos podido resistirnos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que está bien, si sucedía hace no mucho tiempo. Variantes: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;pudimos resistirnos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;podíamos resistirnos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a abrirlos hasta la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;→ &lt;em&gt;a abrirlos &lt;strong&gt;antes de&lt;/strong&gt; la primera estrella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usá &lt;code&gt;hasta&lt;/code&gt; si la acción o estado cubre todo el período/distancia: “abierto &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; las doce”, “caminé &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; la puerta”, “los regalos quedaban sin abrir &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; la primera estrella”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usá &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; si la acción ocurre en un punto determinado dentro del período/distancia: “cerré &lt;em&gt;antes de&lt;/em&gt; las doce”, “me caí &lt;em&gt;antes de&lt;/em&gt; [llegar a] la puerta”, “abrimos los regalos &lt;em&gt;antes de&lt;/em&gt; la primera estrella”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, se trata de una acción puntual (abrir los regalos) porque, por cercanía, la interpretación es &lt;code&gt;resistirse a {abrir los regalos antes de la primera estrella}&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar el sentido general de &lt;code&gt;resistir&lt;/code&gt; y decir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;no podíamos resistir hasta la primera estrella sin abrirlos&lt;/em&gt;  &amp;nbsp; o &lt;br&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;no podíamos resistir hasta la primera estrella para abrirlos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo junto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el día de nochebuena los regalos estaban debajo del árbol desde la mañana, y nunca podíamos resistirnos a abrirlos antes de la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el día de nochebuena los regalos estaban debajo del árbol desde la mañana, y nunca podíamos resistir hasta la primera estrella sin abrirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T12:09:07.090" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T12:09:07.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11816" CreationDate="2015-01-13T13:35:42.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have on ocasion heard it used conversationally in Mexico in words such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chiquitote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;used, for example to refer to a child that has grown a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is usable and understandable but I would not consider it correct spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T13:35:42.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-13T16:01:50.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin más contexto, no estoy seguro de lo que quieres transmitir exactamente, así que pongo varias alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Nochebuena los regalos están bajo el árbol desde la mañana pero no podemos  resistirnos a abrirlos hasta que salga la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El día de Nochebuena, los regalos ya están bajo el árbol al amanecer y nunca podemos esperar a abrirlos hasta que sale la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Nochebuena los regalos estaban bajo el árbol por la mañana y nunca podíamos  aguantar la tentación de abrirlos hasta que surgiera la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Nochebuena los regalos ya estaban bajo el árbol por la mañana pero no pudimos resistirnos a abrirlos al salir la primera estrella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es correcto «debajo del» pero la frase queda más fluida con  «bajo el».  Del mismo modo, puede simplificar «En el día de Nochebuena».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no te refieres a un día concreto, sino a lo que suele ocurrir (intemporal) puedes usar el presente. Si hablas la Nochebuena pasada, o de lo que solía ocurrir cuando eras niño (pero ya no ocurre), debes hablar en pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al hablar en pasado, es mejor emplear el indefinido «no pudimos»  o el imperfecto  «no podíamos» antes que el  «no hemos podido», a menos que sea un pasado inmediato (ayer) y/o con repercusión inmediata en el presente. La distinción parece sutil pero en un periódico del 3 de febrero de 1943 se  pondría leer «los alemanes no han podido escapar de Stalingrado» porque aún importa (y por eso &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; están en apuros), mientras en un libro de historia, según el contexto se escribiría «los alemanes no pudieron escapar de Stalingrado» o «los alemanes no podían escapar de Stalingrado»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se entiende «hasta la primera estrella»  porque parece que te refieres a la distancia en el espacio a la estrella más cercana (es como decir «hasta Alfa Centauri», a muchos miles de millones de km). No es evidente que indiques una distancia en el tiempo como sería el caso de  «hasta la noche». Si pones un verbo como &amp;quot;salir&amp;quot;, «surgir»,«brillar»,«lucir», etc., entonces desaparece la ambigüedad. Fíjate que siempre puedes cambiar «hasta que« por «cuando» con esos verbos, pero «cuando la primera estrella» no tiene sentido en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T16:01:50.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11816" CreationDate="2015-01-13T21:49:15.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico is very common to add extra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for diminutives. So your example &lt;em&gt;chiquititita&lt;/em&gt; is completely acceptable in everyday speech: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquitita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquititita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquitititita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; the same for augmentatives can be: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grande&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grandísimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grandisísimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grandisisísimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You can hear this a lot in &lt;em&gt;El chavo del ocho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquitín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is not the combination of different suffixes. &lt;strong&gt;-ín&lt;/strong&gt; is actually a suffix: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiquitín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pequeño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pequeñín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Usually with this suffix the word with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; gets a new meaning becoming a separate word but with a very related significance: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Botica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[old word for drugstore] &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Botiquín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[first aid kit]; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[Suitcase] &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maletín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[Briefcase]. In the opposite, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is an augmentative: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[ball] &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bala&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[bullet] &amp;lt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[pellet].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gatitote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is something people don't say in Mexico, by the comments apparently in other countries is normal but not here. Here we would say: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gatote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gatotote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gatototote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About combinating different suffixes, well, I think it depends a lot of the context but I think it is not very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T18:10:19.207" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:10:19.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11831" CreationDate="2015-01-13T22:22:57.650" Score="4" ViewCount="2764" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of those differences between English and Spanish. Although for the most part where is definite article is not used in English, it is probably not used in Spanish, due to my lack of reading, I get unsure sometimes as to whether I should use definite article. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like when I say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My sister does the homework for me. &#xA;  Mi hermana hace &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; tarea por mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-22T21:42:44.967" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T22:13:05.693" Title="When to use definite article? Like &quot;la&quot; and &quot;el&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11829" CreationDate="2015-01-13T23:43:40.623" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many uses for definite article so please &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/adjectives/a/intro_def_art.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read this link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most important rule is that you can use definite articles when referring to objects, people, and places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La comida de México es deliciosa. (Mexican food is delicious.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las películas de Almodóvar son interesantes. (Almodóvar´s movies are interesting.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T21:45:19.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11829" CreationDate="2015-01-14T02:25:13.297" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some situations in which you need to use the definite article include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The article precedes the noun, even if there is an adjetive in between.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El coche. La raqueta. El asombroso trapecista. El milagroso elixir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But never when it precedes the names of people or places&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can precede the name of people or places when (&lt;strong&gt;and only when&lt;/strong&gt;) it is used to qualify them, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La España de la edad media (but never &lt;em&gt;La España&lt;/em&gt;). El general López (but never &lt;em&gt;El López&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that some places have the article included in the name, such as &lt;em&gt;El Salvador&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;La Habana&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This includes &lt;em&gt;titles&lt;/em&gt; of people&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El rey. El Papa. La condesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and days of the week and languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El lunes. El martes. El español. El noruego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When referring to individuals of a group.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los niños tienen que ir al colegio. El delfín es un animal inteligente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When referring to abstract beings or entities, in a general meaning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La paciencia es una virtud. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This includes verbs used as subjects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El esperar tanto tiempo se hace pesado. El pasear es un hábito saludable (although this could be easily omitted)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T02:25:13.297" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11829" CreationDate="2015-01-14T03:03:22.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use a definite article (the), you are doing exactly what the article is described to do; DEFINE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I look at the chair / Miro la silla&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I look at a chair / Miro una silla&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence suggests that there is more than one chair, while the first sentence defines a particular chair.  Typically, when you use a definite article you will also use more adjectives to describe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T14:15:59.137" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T14:15:59.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2015-01-14T03:52:32.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Colombia &quot;vení&quot; is the normal conjugation of the verb &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; in the imperative form. It is not used all around the country, only in regions where &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; is normal, areas such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Antioquia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Viejo Caldas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Norte of Valle del Cauca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2393" LastEditorUserId="6804" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T20:13:11.410" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T20:13:11.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11829" CreationDate="2015-01-14T15:31:43.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;el comaBeware some cases where the article is necessary to change the meaning.. for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; la policía (the police - police department)&#xA; el policía (the policeman)&#xA; el guía (the guide)&#xA; la guía (the driver)&#xA; el cólera (the cholera)&#xA; la cólera (the anger)&#xA; el capital (the capital/money)&#xA; la capital (the capital/city)&#xA; el orden (things in order)&#xA; la orden (command/order)&#xA; el cura (priest)&#xA; la cura (therapy)&#xA; el coma (coma - medicine)&#xA; la coma (comma &quot;,&quot; punctuation mark)&#xA; el cometa (comet)&#xA; la cometa (kite)&#xA; el margen (edge)&#xA; la margen (bank of river)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7178" LastEditorUserId="7178" LastEditDate="2015-01-15T10:49:26.147" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T10:49:26.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T16:08:20.277" Score="6" ViewCount="5424" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si es correcto aplicar el genero femenino a un sustantivo como &quot;apóstol&quot; dejando la palabra como &quot;apóstola&quot; que se entendería es una mujer que actúa como &quot;apóstol&quot;. Es similar al caso de la palabra &quot;adolescente&quot;, que no es posible decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;adolescenta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Gracias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8304" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T19:29:56.570" LastActivityDate="2019-08-03T23:30:16.807" Title="Es correcto usar la palabra &quot;Apóstola&quot; para referirse a una mujer que es &quot;Apóstol&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11835" CreationDate="2015-01-14T16:29:39.927" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=xHnv3oJGnDXX2HjwhwSM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apóstol&lt;/a&gt; designa a evangelizadores/propagadores de doctrinas de ambos sexos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a las reglas de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Profesiones_en_g%C3%A9nero_femenino#Formaci.C3.B3n_del_femenino_en_profesiones.2C_cargos.2C_t.C3.ADtulos_o_actividades_humanas.5B2.5D&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;formación del femenino en profesiones, cargos, títulos o actividades humanas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sustantivos terminados en –l o –z funcionan para ambos géneros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto &lt;code&gt;apóstol&lt;/code&gt; como &amp;quot;profesión&amp;quot; funcionaría para ambos géneros. &amp;quot;Apóstola&amp;quot; sería incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: Aunque decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el/la cónsul, el/la corresponsal, el/la timonel, el/la capataz, el/la portavoz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el juez/la juez, el aprendiz/la aprendiz, el concejal/la concejal, el bedel/la bedel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;algunos han desarrollado formas en femenino terminadas en &amp;quot;–a&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la jueza, la aprendiza, la concejala, la bedela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La recomendación para estos casos es usar formas ya asentadas y de uso mayoritario. Gracias a @Gorpik por mencionar esta situación en los comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, me he dado una vuelta por la red a ver si podía encontrar algún ejemplo &amp;quot;oficial&amp;quot; para validar el uso de &amp;quot;apóstol&amp;quot; con un femenino, pero no hay muchos ejemplos de apóstoles mujer. Yo sólo he podido encontrar uno, y parece que incluso todavía se pone en duda si era hombre o mujer, debido a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120809152702AARW881&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;las traducciones del griego&lt;/a&gt; del evangelio de San Pablo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.feadulta.com/es/buscadoravanzado/item/1545-junia-ap%C3%B3stol-ilustre.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la apóstol Junia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T17:09:22.263" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11838" CreationDate="2015-01-14T20:37:43.637" Score="3" ViewCount="7731" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo un libro con la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pase revista a la situación en el contexto de su círculo de influencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que entiendo el sentido general de la frase: Que me pide que considere el contexto de mi círculo de influencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no entiendo el sentido exacto de «Pase revista».  Entiendo que «Pase» es la forma imperativa de la segunda persona del verbo «pasar».  Pero no estoy familiarizado con la palabra «revista» en ese contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de «Pase revista», literalmente, y si se aplica, figuradamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2015-01-15T16:36:44.120" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T22:35:04.027" Title="Significado de «Pase revista»" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2015-01-14T20:48:07.763" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=CswXznQuGDXX258dpyuk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Revista&lt;/a&gt; en este contexto de &quot;pasar revista&quot; tiene el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inspección&lt;/strong&gt; que un jefe hace de las personas o cosas sometidas a su autoridad o a su cuidado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un término militar para referirse a la verificación de las tropas en un acto o ceremonia militar (los soldados están en fila y la figura con autoridad comprueba que los uniformes estén limpios, que los soldados sepan mantener la formación o pose adecuada, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modismo transciende el ámbito militar (pasar revista a las tropas) y puede ser entendido a modo general como una comprobación, revisión o examen minucioso de algo, posiblemente incluyendo el &lt;em&gt;visto bueno&lt;/em&gt; final del revisor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T20:53:27.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11841" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11846" CreationDate="2015-01-16T09:28:25.323" Score="1" ViewCount="691" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/01/15/actualidad/1421341293_687131.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un artículo de El País (de España) sobre un partido de fútbol&lt;/a&gt; se lee la frase (completa para dar más contexto): &quot;El Madrid ya estaba fulminado y el Atlético, como ya casi es costumbre en los últimos años, en pantuflos en casa del vecino, con Torres entronizado en su vuelta al nido y Arda, su sustituto, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de nana con la pelota&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, tan despreciada por los suyos hasta entonces.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, nana significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Canto con que se arrulla a los niños&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Especie de saco pequeño, a veces con capucha, con una abertura anterior que se cierra generalmente con cremallera y que sirve de abrigo para niños de pecho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y varias cosas más en las Américas. Ninguna de las dos definiciones tiene sentido en este contexto (bueno, para mí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-16T14:22:45.170" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T20:41:54.850" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión “de nana con la pelota”?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11842" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-16T10:02:44.943" Score="3" ViewCount="69683" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente entiendo &lt;strong&gt;palabras altisonantes&lt;/strong&gt; como su significado irónico, es decir, significando &lt;strong&gt;groserías&lt;/strong&gt;. Pues &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/altisonante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;altisonante&lt;/a&gt; significa precisamente lo contrario &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Altisonante.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  Se dice, por lo común, del lenguaje o estilo en que se emplean con frecuencia o afectadamente voces de las más llenas y sonoras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Soy el único al que le parece que el significado real de esta palabra ha sido rebasado por su significado sarcástico? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 1. Aquí es claro el carácter irónico del adjetivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: El puto perro ya se orinó en la cocina.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: ¡Vaya, qué altisonante! (Criticando a &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 2. Pero aquí no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso de palabras altisonantes por parte de &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;-gente es común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2020-06-13T01:51:57.240" Title="¿Es &quot;palabra altisonante&quot; tomado como sinónimo de 'mal gusto' en algún lugar?" Tags="&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11844" CreationDate="2015-01-16T11:18:05.037" Score="3" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE defines &amp;quot;inquisitivo&amp;quot; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inquisitivo, va. (Del lat. inquisitīvus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la indagación o averiguación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. ant. Que inquiere y averigua con cuidado y diligencia las cosas o es inclinado a ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but doesn't specify the context in which it can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if it would be correct to say, for example, &amp;quot;El niño me miró inquisitivo cuando vio que escondía algo&amp;quot; or, due to the association with the Spanish Inquisition, the word has only a more &amp;quot;aggressive&amp;quot;/negative meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El secuestrador me miró inquisitivo. Él sabía que escondía algo y no me iba a dejar marchar sin descubrirlo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8311" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T06:01:21.307" Title="Does the word &quot;inquisitivo&quot; have a negative connotation?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11843" CreationDate="2015-01-16T11:37:52.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;inquisitivo&lt;/em&gt; has no negative connotations. The Inquisition was called that way because they inquired, true, but that did not change the meaning or use of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A related, though very different, word would be &lt;em&gt;inquisitorial&lt;/em&gt;; this one does indeed derive from &lt;em&gt;Inquisición&lt;/em&gt; and has a definite negative connotation. But &lt;em&gt;inquisitivo&lt;/em&gt; is a pretty neutral word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T11:37:52.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11842" CreationDate="2015-01-16T14:12:10.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es difícil encontrar una definición aceptada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=altisonantes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;altisonante&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparte de la que has incluido en la pregunta, pero por mi experiencia &quot;lenguaje altisonante&quot; o &quot;palabras altisonantes&quot; puede designar también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lenguaje vulgar o grosero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lenguaje pomposo o rimbombante (uso de palabras menos frecuentes o más sofisticadas o rebuscadas para sonar más culto, pero que tiene el efecto contrario de sonar pedante).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque yo (español de España) lo relaciono mucho más con el segundo que con el primero (lenguaje altisonante es para mi grandilocuente y pomposo, más que vulgar o barriobajero) es posible que otros dialectos del español favorezcan la acepción de &quot;vulgar o grosero&quot; sobre las otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-16T16:29:52.800" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T16:29:52.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11841" CreationDate="2015-01-16T14:30:15.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que entre los significados de &lt;code&gt;nana&lt;/code&gt; están los que has puesto en la pregunta, pero si miras la &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=nana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definición de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; verás que hay alguno más, entre ellos &quot;abuela&quot; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;niñera&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Están también &lt;em&gt;&quot;ama&quot;&lt;/em&gt; con la acepción de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mujer que cría una criatura ajena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso &quot;empleada del hogar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que las abuelas suelen ayudar mucho en el cuidado de los niños, e incluso puede estar entre las tareas de una empleada de hogar, esas cuatro acepciones tienen la connotación de &quot;alguien que cuidada un niño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy un especialista en fútbol, pero tras leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/01/15/actualidad/1421341293_687131.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el artículo&lt;/a&gt; creo que el significado es que &lt;em&gt;los rojiblancos&lt;/em&gt; parecían medio dormidos en el partido, la estrella principal (Torres) no estuvo a la altura de lo que se esperaba de él y el tal &lt;em&gt;Arda&lt;/em&gt; fue el que tuvo que hacer el esfuerzo. Por eso dicen que estaba como de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;niñera del balón&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, posiblemente custodiándolo, paseándolo de arriba a abajo en el campo, recuperándolo cuando el equipo lo perdía, etc (pero sin llegara hacer nada útil con él).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-16T20:41:54.850" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T20:41:54.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11852" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11854" CreationDate="2015-01-18T20:09:40.887" Score="5" ViewCount="656" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to tell my cat to get out of the way, I can say “scram!” or “scoot!” In Spanish, how can I tell my cat to go away quickly? Merriam-Webster’s Spanish dictionary says that scram=largarse, so would I say “te larga”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is “irse.” I found conflicting conjugations for that, so I don’t know whether it would be “te ve” or “te vete.” But “irse” seems to mean only, “go away,” and I want a brief command that means “go away quickly.” “Te ve rápidamente” is too verbose to say to a cat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, puedo decirle &lt;em&gt;“scram!”&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;“scoot!”&lt;/em&gt; a mi gato si quiero se vaya rápidamente. ¿En español, qué debo decir? Quizás ¡te larga! o «irse» → ¡te ve! o ¡te vete! (No puedo conjugar «irse».) Busco un mandato breve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8324" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-18T23:22:26.793" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:13:05.687" Title="Telling a pet to get out of the way" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11852" CreationDate="2015-01-18T21:37:28.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to use the imperative like this: &lt;strong&gt;¡Vete!&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;¡Lárgate!&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to say it is &lt;strong&gt;¡Fuera!&lt;/strong&gt;, which is a bit rougher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8325" LastActivityDate="2015-01-18T21:37:28.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11852" CreationDate="2015-01-18T23:40:13.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quieres conjugar un verbo (como &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt;) puedes consultarlo en la página de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE, la Real Academia (de la lengua) Española&lt;/a&gt;. Puedes usar el buscador para encontrar la palabra que deseas consultar en el diccionario, y si es un verbo, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Ir&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, puedes darle al botón de &quot;conjugar&quot; que se encuentra en la esquina superior izquierda para ver las conjugaciones de ese verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El imperativo de &quot;ir&quot; es &quot;ve&quot;, así que puedes ordenarle &quot;ve&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; a tu gato (no &quot;te ve&quot;, el pronombre tiene que ir después del verbo). Igual con &quot;lárga&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;!&quot; Este último es un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/a&gt; y requiere el pronombre en su conjugación, pero le podrías ordenar igualmente &quot;largo!&quot;, que es una forma de abreviar &quot;Largo de aquí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podrías decirle &quot;Quita!&quot;, como forma abreviada de &quot;Quita/quíta&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; de en medio&quot;. &quot;Desaparece&quot; o &quot;esfúmate&quot;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=esfumar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esfumar&lt;/a&gt;, con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;marcharse&lt;/em&gt; es otro verbo pronominal) también tienen la connotación que tratas de encontrar con &lt;em&gt;&quot;scram&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&quot;scoop&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T02:36:13.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2015-01-19T11:34:02.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi modo de ver, sollado derivó de la palabra &amp;quot;solle&amp;quot;. Entiendo que la primera denota cierto grado de locura (sin llegar a la insanidad mental). También es posible aplicarla a aquella persona que es demasiado extrovertida. Te &amp;quot;posteo&amp;quot; un artículo publicado en el periódico &amp;quot;El universal&amp;quot; de Cartagena, titulado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eluniversal.com.co/suplementos/dominical/evolucion-solle-134776&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Evolución solle&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que abordo este tema, explico qué era ser “solle” en Cartagena en los años setenta y ochenta. Se trata de un calificativo, con que la sociedad de entonces, nominó a los jóvenes aficionados a la “música americana”, es decir, toda la música rock, pop,  disco, Groove, funk, dance, entre muchos otros ritmos que siguieron como el tecno, el house y el electro house. “Solle” de sollado, de arrebatado en su forma de vestir, de bailar, de actuar la música que circulaba por la vieja emisora La Voz de la Victoria. No había banda FM en la radio, ni existían computadores, ni celulares, ni tabletas. No había internet y el mundo digital sólo aparecía en el cine de ciencia ficción, sugerido por un panel de foquitos parpadeantes, como en La Guerra de las Galaxias (1978).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me antoja curioso, darme cuenta de cómo los jóvenes de la época teníamos una visión optimista del futuro. Sentíamos muy distante el año 2000 y lo imaginábamos como una gran fiesta disco, donde todo el mundo lucía trajes espaciales brillantes. Y a ese referente corresponde la imagen del dúo francés Daft Punk y su éxito musical Get Lucky. Más curioso se me antoja ver cómo las generaciones actuales, para asumir el futuro, regresaron al pasado. Regresaron al disco y al Groove. Y, como resultado, a los ojos de los “solles cartageneros, se trata de una evolución. Una evolución “solle”. Tuvieron que recurrir a un artista genial, como lo es Nile Rodgers: músico negro nacido en Nueva York, en 1952. En picós de Cartagena sonaron los éxitos del negro Rodgers, cuando formaba parte del grupo Chic y tuvieron éxitos como Everybody dance, Le Freak y Good Times. Muy destacable esta última canción, porque es la base de la invención del hip – hop con la canción Rapper’s Delight del grupo Sugarhill Gang, una pieza muy picotera para entonces. Rodgers ha sigo productor de artistas como Diana Ross, con éxitos como Upside Down y I’m coming out. Produjo también para el inglés David Bowie, Let’s Dance; para Madonna, Like a Virgen; para Duran Duran, The Reflex, Notorious y The Wild Boys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pueden ver a Nile Rodgers vestido de traje entero blanco, tocando guitarra y cantando Le Freak en este video: &lt;a href=&quot;http://31.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_ma5xrf2MMO1rewq09o1_500.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://31.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_ma5xrf2MMO1rewq09o1_500.gif&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La autenticidad en la obra de este artista está en su virtuosismo con la guitarra de acompañamiento. Rodgers nos explica el devenir de su técnica musical, a lo largo de cuarenta años de producción, en el documental Random Acces Memories: The Collaborators, el cual, pueden ver aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da_Yp9BOCaI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da_Yp9BOCaI&lt;/a&gt;. Toda evolución implica adaptaciones a cambios que se dan en el entorno. Es claro que la moda “solle” corresponde a un sentimiento concreto que apareció en un momento dado en Cartagena, respecto a una generación. Una buena forma de establecer el arco evolutivo de la manifestación “solle” está en comparar las fiestas de entonces, con las de ahora. Fiestas “solle”, por supuesto, como las que hacía Ventura Julio en Manga, en el patio de su casa. Para la época, no había sillas rimax. Había puro banquillo. Un escenario donde la habilidad para el baile y la actuación de la ropa y la moda eran medulares para vivir la noche. Sábado por la noche. El rito festivo de hoy es otro, porque los tiempos cambian; sin embargo, obras musicales como la de Nile Gregory Rodgers son insuperables, inmortales; aunque la palabra “solle” suene extraña a la generación actual; aunque muchos de nosotros escondan las fotos de la época. Y aunque se burlen de uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8327" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T17:26:44.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11852" CreationDate="2015-01-19T17:50:12.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ándate, fuera, muévete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca &quot;vete&quot; o &quot;lárgate&quot;, se reconoce que el hablante no es chileno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás la forma más habitual en Chile sería &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡sale!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que es una incorrección, pero nadie diría la forma correcta &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡sal!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T17:50:12.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11852" CreationDate="2015-01-19T21:21:09.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia he escuchado la palabra &lt;em&gt;chite&lt;/em&gt; usada para ahuyentar mascotas (perros especialmente). Su significado según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.senalcolombia.tv/component/glossary/Diccionario-1/C/Chite-853/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabra usada para espantar a los perros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej: &amp;quot;¡Quítenme ese bicho que me muerde! ¡Chite perro!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T21:21:09.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11852" CreationDate="2015-01-20T00:47:04.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every time I hear Spanish speakers in Texas say get outta here in Spanish they say, &quot;¡Vete!&quot; It's just like saying, &quot;Git!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8331" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T00:47:04.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11861" CreationDate="2015-01-20T02:09:33.870" Score="3" ViewCount="16684" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between 'tuvo' and 'tenía'? Por ejemplo, &quot;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque tuvo que comprar leche.&quot; vs &quot;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque tenía que comprar leche.&quot; Which one is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8332" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-01-20T05:59:45.533" LastActivityDate="2021-05-11T09:40:57.973" Title="&quot;Tuvo&quot; vs &quot;tenía&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11860" CreationDate="2015-01-20T02:38:52.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct (although, if you are using &lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt;, why wouldn't you use te same for &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt;?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque &lt;strong&gt;tuvo&lt;/strong&gt; que comprar leche. (Pretérito perfecto simple)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque &lt;strong&gt;tenía&lt;/strong&gt; que comprar leche (Pretérito imperfecto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between both verb tenses is that  &lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt; (and all verb tenses with a &lt;em&gt;perfecto&lt;/em&gt; grammatical aspect) are used for well delimited actions (definite beginning and definite end, even if beginning or end are not clearly stated) finished in the past and the &lt;em&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; (and other verb tenses with the &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; grammatical aspect) emphasize the continuity of an action (or the action did not have a definite beginning or a definite end).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could see more clearly a difference this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque &lt;strong&gt;esa tarde&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tuvo&lt;/em&gt; que comprar leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This express a well defined action in the past. Just that evening she had to buy more milk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque &lt;strong&gt;cada tarde&lt;/strong&gt; tenía que comprar leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this last one &amp;quot;iba&amp;quot; could work better if you want to express a repeated action (every evening she used to go to the store, because every evening she had to buy milk). Both verb tenses would be in concordance. But you could also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mamá fue a la tienda porque &lt;strong&gt;esa tarde&lt;/strong&gt; tenía que comprar leche &lt;strong&gt;para hacer una tarta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This later example expresses an action that involves some continuity and without  well definite beginning or end (buying milk in order to bake a cake).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-04-29T11:15:22.557" LastActivityDate="2021-04-29T11:15:22.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11864" CreationDate="2015-01-20T08:37:21.740" Score="0" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write some Spanish poems for a girl that I fell in love with. My Spanish is very basic and I have some doubts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do Spaniards say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Una bandada de patos &#xA;&#xA;Ráfaga de viento&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6783" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T16:32:08.373" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T16:32:08.373" Title="Are «una bandada de patos» and «ráfaga de viento» common phrases in Spain?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11863" CreationDate="2015-01-20T10:43:28.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;em&gt;&quot;bandada de patos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&quot;ráfaga de viento&quot;&lt;/em&gt; son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Iris&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es masculino, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El iris de su ojo es de color verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-20T14:03:22.353" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T14:03:22.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2015-01-20T17:00:36.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colombia: at your service,  what can I do for you.  Used in the context of servicing someone,  in a restaurant, in a store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T17:00:36.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11867" CreationDate="2015-01-20T17:04:26.707" Score="1" ViewCount="8090" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will be traveling to Mexico next month, and I want to be able to tell people that I do not speak Spanish very well. I do speak some spanish, but only what I've been able to teach myself in the last year or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would saying &lt;code&gt;no hablo español muy bien&lt;/code&gt;, convey that I only speak a little Spanish? Or would there be a phrase that better illustrates that my Spanish is bad, without making them think that they cannot talk to me in Spanish at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8334" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T03:16:49.620" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T17:22:43.730" Title="Letting someone know I don't speak Spanish well" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11866" CreationDate="2015-01-20T17:23:00.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hablo español muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;conveys perfectly the message. You could also use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi español es todavía un poco limitado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to express that you still haven't mastered all the complexity of verb tenses in Spanish, are still building your vocabulary and maybe, since you are self-taught, your conversation skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T17:23:00.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10734" CreationDate="2015-01-20T21:45:26.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the correct translation is not so literal: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No he logrado conseguir suficiente dinero para el proyecto, pero no me &lt;strong&gt;daré&lt;/strong&gt; por vencido&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That was you have to reforce are talking about the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8315" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T21:45:26.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T00:42:17.807" Score="5" ViewCount="826" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Empezar con un fin en mente significa comenzar con una clara comprensión de su destino. &lt;strong&gt;Significa saber adónde se está yendo, de modo que se pueda comprender mejor dónde se está&lt;/strong&gt;, y dar siempre los pasos adecuados en la dirección correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la cita anterior veo las palabras «adónde» y «dónde» donde yo esperaría a ver «adonde» y «donde», porque no es interrogativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE menciona [dos contextos] en que «adónde» (con acento) se aplica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;donde.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adv. interrog. A qué lugar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ORTOGR. Escr. con acento. &lt;em&gt;¿Adónde vas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;de adónde.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Arg., Bol., Hond., Nic. y Ur. U. para indicar la imposibilidad de que se haga o se logre algo. &lt;em&gt;Pero de adónde alcanzarlo. Dicen que aumentarán los sueldos, ¡de adónde!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ad%C3%B3nde#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; menciona sólo el contexto interrogativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(interrogative) to where&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;b&gt;Adónde&lt;/b&gt; vas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;b&gt;Where&lt;/b&gt; are you going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ad%C3%B3nde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;español&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Indaga acerca del movimiento o dirección de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Los usos de «adónde» y «dónde» arriba son correctos, o es un error ortográfico?  Si es correcto, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-10T16:27:21.213" LastActivityDate="2020-06-10T16:27:21.213" Title="«Adónde» vs «Adonde»" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="854" CreationDate="2015-01-21T00:58:07.670" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por nada is more like saying &quot;no problem&quot; than &quot;your welcome&quot;, so its a less formal response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8339" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T02:33:16.477" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T02:33:16.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11869" CreationDate="2015-01-21T02:45:07.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pronombre &lt;strong&gt;dónde&lt;/strong&gt; no sólo se acentúa cuando es interrogativo. Hay otro caso especial que se da cuando es pronombre relativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente es una cita de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/tilde-en-que-cuales-quienes-como-cuan-cuantoaosas-cuando-donde-y-adonde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la sección de consultas lingüísticas de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;. Es un poco extensa pero bien aclaratoria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque los relativos, presenten o no antecedente expreso, son normalmente átonos y se escriben sin tilde, hay casos en que pueden pronunciarse tanto con acento prosódico como sin él. Esta doble posibilidad se da cuando los relativos introducen subordinadas relativas sin antecedente expreso, siempre que el antecedente implícito sea indefinido y tenga carácter inespecífico (una persona, alguien, algo, algún lugar, nadie, nada, etc.). Esto ocurre cuando la oración de relativo sin antecedente depende de verbos como haber, tener, buscar, encontrar, necesitar, etc., que admiten complementos indefinidos de carácter inespecífico. En estos casos es aceptable escribir el relativo tanto con tilde, reflejando la pronunciación tónica, como sin ella, representando la pronunciación átona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que no hay con &lt;strong&gt;qué/que&lt;/strong&gt; alimentar a tanta gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya ha encontrado &lt;strong&gt;quién/quien&lt;/strong&gt; le quiera y no necesita nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscó &lt;strong&gt;dónde/donde&lt;/strong&gt; sentarse, pero no había asientos libres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tenía &lt;strong&gt;cómo/como&lt;/strong&gt; defenderse de las acusaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo hay dos casos de subordinadas con antecedente implícito indefinido e inespecífico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...saber &lt;strong&gt;[el lugar]&lt;/strong&gt; adónde se está yendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... comprender &lt;strong&gt;[el lugar]&lt;/strong&gt; dónde se está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos el pronombre relativo donde-adonde es tónico (se carga la voz), y puede o no llevar acento gráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T02:53:33.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:08:03.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile decimos 'en la mañana'. La verdad es que nunca lo noté hasta ahora que estoy en el extranjero enseñando español y me dijeron que lo que yo decía estaba 'incorrecto'...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8342" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T12:08:03.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7140" CreationDate="2015-01-21T13:25:56.487" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen podria estar en la popular serie de tv, barrio sesamo, en la cual uno de sus personajes, Super Coco, utilizaba esta formula de arribaaa, abajooo... y los jovenes aqctuales rememoran ese momento haciendo con ello un homenaje a SuperCoco, para que veas Maricruz como eso eh azin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8344" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T13:25:56.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11869" CreationDate="2015-01-21T16:36:55.883" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Dónde&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;A dónde&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; van acentuados cuando son adverbios interrogativos o exclamativos (de lugar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nUJs7Er0gD6xFrVi7E&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dónde&lt;/a&gt; habré dejado las llaves? / Me pregunto dónde habré dejado las llaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adónde irá con tanta prisa? / Me pregunto adónde irá con tanta prisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No llevan el acento cuando son adverbios relativos que introducen frases subordinadas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las llaves estarán &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qMMxvDB32D697zToZQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;donde&lt;/a&gt; menos esperes encontrarlas. Fuimos al sitio donde estuviste ayer con Luis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hemos ido hoy adonde estuviste ayer con Luis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE también dice que no es correcto preceder &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wFbvYdpRYD6ESQMlOO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;adónde&amp;quot; de una preposición&lt;/a&gt; (ni tampoco &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=58u9nK1BDD6UJ1Q6SR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;adonde&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sin acento). El ejemplo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=nzaA4324eDXX2jPwc1Mn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;de adónde&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locuci%C3%B3n_adverbial&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;locución adverbial&lt;/a&gt; (preposición + sustantivo/adjetivo/&lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt; cuyo significado trasciende la suma de los componentes) que se da en algunos países de america latina y como tal, aunque va en contra de esa regla de no preceder &lt;em&gt;adónde&lt;/em&gt; de preposición, está aceptada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que los usos que propones en la pregunta son correctos. El problema es que Wiktionary parece no estar dando la imagen completa y la RAE parece tener más de una entrada para cada uno de esos adverbios (con o sin acentos) lo que puede añadir un poco de confusión. Espero que estas otras entradas ayuden a clarificar las diferencias entre los adverbios con o sin acento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nUJs7Er0gD6xFrVi7E&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dónde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qMMxvDB32D697zToZQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Donde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wFbvYdpRYD6ESQMlOO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adónde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=58u9nK1BDD6UJ1Q6SR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adonde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Adónde&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;adonde&amp;quot; tienen un significado ligeramente distinto entre ellos. El primero significa &amp;quot;a qué lugar&amp;quot; y el segundo tiene un significado un poco más amplio que expresa la dirección de un movimiento. &amp;quot;Dónde&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;donde&amp;quot; tienen prácticamente el mismo significado (indicar lugar), salvo que el primero es usado para preguntas y el segundo no (indica también lugar, pero introduciendo una frase subordinada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T16:46:27.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11875" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11877" CreationDate="2015-01-21T17:39:12.277" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;My girlfriend is from Mexico and I'm from the States. I have a very limited Spanish vocabulary, an I'm getting her a gift for our anniversary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be a lighter with the phrase &quot;Nuestro amor arde para siempre&quot; engraved on it. Yes, I am aware that this is corny ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to know if that phrase is both grammatically correct, and carries the same meaning as the English phrase, &quot;Our love burns forever&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8349" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T17:58:36.473" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T22:54:22.203" Title="Is &quot;Nuestro amor arde para siempre&quot; a proper sentence?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11875" CreationDate="2015-01-21T19:52:08.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Arde&amp;quot; is the absolutely right verb form for &amp;quot;burns&amp;quot; (and I assume that you want to stick with &amp;quot;burns&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;will burn&amp;quot; [&lt;em&gt;arderá&lt;/em&gt;] or other verb forms). Your sentence is grammatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would favor (and might be a personal preference) a translation like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro amor arde &lt;strong&gt;eternamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &amp;quot;para siempre&amp;quot; is OK. You could even go with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1865/5481&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;por siempre&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro amor arde para siempre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro amor arde &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; siempre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there's a regional preference in Mexico between &amp;quot;para siempre&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;por siempre&amp;quot;, but it wouldn't be a huge difference. Your proposal (&amp;quot;Nuestro amor arde &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; siempre&amp;quot;) is perfectly OK if you want to go with it. It would be a completely personal preference to judge the poetic value of &lt;em&gt;eternamente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;para siempre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por siempre&lt;/em&gt;. I just offered those you want other options to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T20:03:33.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11875" CreationDate="2015-01-21T22:54:22.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am spanish and I should use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nuestro amor arderá eternamente&quot; or &quot;Nuestro amor arderá para/por siempre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &quot;arde&quot; instead of &quot;arderá&quot; is really strange for me. It sounds really bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for my bad english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T22:54:22.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10322" CreationDate="2015-01-22T04:03:10.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way that I would do it is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Treinta años despúes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because you do not write numbers in Spanish sentences so you write it in letters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the number is written in letters,it has to be capitalized. Now you don't need to capitalize años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermano tene diecinueve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero dos libros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T04:09:24.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11885" CreationDate="2015-01-22T05:34:06.777" Score="4" ViewCount="779" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always have trouble figuring out what break is in Spanish for the sentence &quot;How was you winter break&quot;. I don't know if it break is vacaciones in this case. My guess is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como es tu invierno &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T20:55:08.547" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T02:59:44.120" Title="Translation of &quot;Break&quot; in the sentence &quot;How was your winter break&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-22T09:28:40.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We translate &quot;break&quot; (the time for resting during vacations) as &quot;vacaciones&quot;. The phrase whould be translated as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal fueron tus vacaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that we use &quot;vacaciones&quot; as a plural, cause is a sum of many days. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-01-22T12:21:53.690" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T12:21:53.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2015-01-22T14:46:36.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to other good answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Tonto de mí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the most close to the original, and correct, if slightly less colloquial than other alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A colloquial idiom is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Seré tonto...!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡... si seré tonto...!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example (you can google for more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Seré tonto, creí que hablabas en serio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pero si seré tonto, creí que hablabas en serio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Mira si seré tonto, que creí que hablabas en serio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T01:23:18.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11883" CreationDate="2015-01-22T14:51:54.923" Score="8" ViewCount="5519" Body="&lt;p&gt;Duolingo wanted me to choose between multiple options for the translation of &quot;&lt;em&gt;She is the president of that organization&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I chose &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ella es la presidente de esa organización&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but it was counted as wrong, because, they say, both that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ella es la presidenta de esa organización&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would &quot;&lt;em&gt;president&lt;/em&gt;&quot; be either &quot;&lt;em&gt;la presidente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;la presidenta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-01-22T16:49:06.313" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T17:52:54.147" Title="Why are both &quot;Presidente&quot; and &quot;Presidenta&quot; accepted as correct translations?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-01-22T15:08:28.090" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spite of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Profesiones_en_g%C3%A9nero_femenino#Formaci.C3.B3n_del_femenino_en_profesiones.2C_cargos.2C_t.C3.ADtulos_o_actividades_humanas.5B2.5D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rules to form the feminine form of some professions&lt;/a&gt; some of these nouns are developing their own feminine forms. Recommendation about their usage is to use only the accepted or established forms, although the RAE may not yet have caught up with all the forms that are currently accepted for the day-to-day spoken Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=presidenta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Presidenta&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; is actually accepted, as the feminine form of &amp;quot;presidente&amp;quot;. If you check the RAE entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=z3iNquF10DXX2QwRPV9x#0_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Presidente&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; you'll see that there is a &amp;quot;com&amp;quot; abbreviation before its description as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona que preside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you hover over it, it will display the abbreviation definition as &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;nombre común en cuanto al género&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. That means that &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;presidente&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; is both a masculine and a feminine form, and as such is going to accept articles of both genders (both &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; presidente&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; presidente&amp;quot; are OK).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why there are two posible ways to refer to a female president in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; presidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La president&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T06:50:42.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-01-22T16:13:13.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; (DPD) has two entries to explain this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The feminine of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=presidente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;presidente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The formation of the feminine in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;professions ending in -e&lt;/a&gt; (see 3c)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, the idea is that profession nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; can be considered as having ambiguous gender, but, in some cases, they have developed a femenine ending in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;. In those cases, the &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; form can also be generally used, so we have two usable feminine forms. The use of one or the other will depend on the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some special cases where the feminine has developed a special meaning of its own. The article mentions &lt;em&gt;gobernanta&lt;/em&gt;, but I can think of others, such as &lt;em&gt;asistenta&lt;/em&gt;. In those cases, you can use both the &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; forms for the feminine, but they will have different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And why all of this? Well, languages are developed by their speakers. And it happens that Spanish speakers have developed the language in this way. There is no general rule that can tell you which of these nouns will have a feminine form in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; and which ones will not, unfortunately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T16:13:13.143" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-22T17:51:28.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo fueron tus vacaciones de invierno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Break normally is translated as &quot;vacaciones&quot; into Spanish, which is more like &lt;em&gt;holidays&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a remark, we rarely say &quot;vacaciones de invierno&quot;, at least in Spain, we always say &lt;strong&gt;vacaciones de Navidad&lt;/strong&gt; (Christmas Holidays).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T14:57:25.013" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:57:25.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-22T22:12:28.327" Score="1" ViewCount="914" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo levanto la mano (no levantarse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me peino el pelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T01:52:51.353" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:48:41.767" Title="Yo necesito una explicación en cuanto al hecho de que, a veces, no se usan verbos como levantarse sin la forma de reflexivo" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11829" CreationDate="2015-01-22T22:13:05.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure I fully understood your question, but there is absolutely no difference in the definite / indefinite distinction between English and Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A policeman = Un policía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The policeman = El policía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T22:13:05.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11886" CreationDate="2015-01-22T23:16:20.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto hay verbos que siempre necesitan ir con un pronombre. Se llaman &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbos pronominales (o pronominados)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo pronominal es aquel que se conjuga con un pronombre átono en todas sus formas (me, te, se, os, le, lo, la, les, los, las, se, nos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay verbos &lt;strong&gt;estrictamente pronominales&lt;/strong&gt;, que son los que &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; necesitan este pronombre. &lt;em&gt;Peinar&lt;/em&gt; lo pudes usar sin un pronombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo peino a mi hijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay verbos como &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;caer&lt;/em&gt; en los que simplemente cambia un matiz al usar sus formas reflexivas. El pronombre reflexivo cambia el sentido del verbo, acentuar la acción o indicar que la acción afecta directamente al sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me caí y casi me mato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;em&gt;arrepentirse&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;fugarse&lt;/em&gt; por ejemplo siempre tiene que llevar el pronombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me arrepiento. Te arrepientes. Se arrepiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los presos se fugaron de la carcel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos suelen ser verbos en los que el beneficio de la acción recae siempre (o sólo puede recaer) sobre el sujeto que la realiza. Nadie puede &amp;quot;arrepentir&amp;quot; a otra persona. Nadie puede &amp;quot;fugarse&amp;quot; por otra persona. Nadie va a recibir el beneficio de la acción salvo la propia persona que la realiza. El sujeto y el agente, que pueden ser distintos, pero siempre ejercen sobre sí mismos una acción en su beneficio o en su provecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos verbos pronominales pueden no tener complemento directo como los intransitivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/v/VERBOS%20PRONOMINALES.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varios grupos de verbos pronominales&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reflexivos internos o pronominales: corresponden a verbos intransitivos (sin objeto directo) y cuya forma activa correspondiente tiene un sentido diferente (o no existe): levantarse, lanzarse, arrepentirse, espantarse, avergonzarse, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verbos reflexivos y recíprocos: el complemento del verbo, idéntico al sujeto de la oración activa, se sustituye por un pronombre reflexivo singular o plural (La niña peina a la niña --&amp;gt; la niña se peina; Cada niña peina a la otra niña--&amp;gt; las niñas se peinan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reflexivos indirectos o reflexivos de interés: presentan un complemento directo distinto del pronombre reflexivo (Cóme&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; (tú) este pastel [pastel es el CD])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pasiva refleja: construcción reflexiva con sentido pasivo (Se venden pisos. Se arreglan ordenadores)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay verbos que no pueden ir si el pronombre reflexivo, porque la acción recae en provecho del sujeto o agente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No todos los verbos necesitan el pronombre. A veces lo llevan y esto cambia el sentido del verbo. El que lo llevo o lo necesite, depende mucho del complemento directo y quien se beneficia de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota (de los comentarios):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me levanto la mano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dirías esto sólo si estás por ejemplo usando una de tus manos para levantarte la otra. Es &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; tiene el sentido de &amp;quot;a mi mismo&amp;quot;. Lo normal sería &amp;quot;yo levanto la mano&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;La mano&amp;quot; es quien recibe la acción. Con &amp;quot;yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; levanto la mano&amp;quot; tú serías el beneficiario de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo peino a X /// Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; peino (a mi mismo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acción puede recaer sobre distintos agentes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; arrepiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con este verbo la acción sólo puede recaer sobre la persona que realiza la acción. Puedo pedirte que te arrepientas pero el beneficiario de la acción vas a ser tu igualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:48:41.767" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11891" CreationDate="2015-01-23T08:56:48.350" Score="2" ViewCount="968" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on translating a script for a service desk, but I'm stumped at finding an equivalent for the ending phrase &quot;we look forward to assisting you&quot; in spanish. What would you advise to be a good translation that sounds natural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8356" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T04:44:50.963" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T04:44:50.963" Title="Translation of &quot;We look forward to assisting you&quot; in spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-01-26T06:52:24.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11890" CreationDate="2015-01-23T10:47:09.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;An acceptable translation could be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estamos a su disposición&amp;quot; (more natural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estamos para asistirle&amp;quot; (a bit more strict)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although a more strict translation would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Miramos para asistirle&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a usual phrase in Spanish, you could translate it to something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Miramos por su satisfacción&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it sound a bit weird on this subject. The use of &amp;quot;mirar por&amp;quot; could be translated in Spanish to &amp;quot;to take care of&amp;quot; so you could do a somewhat more or less accurate translation without losing much sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other phrases IMHO better suited for ending a service desk in Spanish could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estamos a su disposición para cualquier cosa que necesite&amp;quot; (At your service for anything)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No dude en contactar con nosotros para cualquier cosa que necesite&amp;quot; (Don't hesitate on contacting us if you need anything)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:55:29.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11890" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:02:07.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; the natural expressions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos para servirle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos a su servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also the first Bardo's suggestion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos a su disposición&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T15:02:07.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11896" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:15:11.493" Score="2" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a Spanish beginner course on Memrise and one flashcard asks for the translation of &quot;The wine is delicious&quot;. The suggested translation uses &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; expresses a permanent state while &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; describes a current situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it's clear to me that I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La comida está buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if I want to express that I like this very meal I'm eating. Tomorrow it might not be good, because it's not cooked well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure why you would ever say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El vino está delicioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not a wine connoisseur, but I dare say that a particular brand of wine is always delicious (to my taste). So, if I say &quot;This wine is delicious&quot; today, I'll say it tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what's the argument for using &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; over &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; in such a case (i.e. expressing that the wine tastes good)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T08:22:12.950" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T08:22:12.950" Title="Why would you ever say &quot;el vino está delicioso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:19:08.047" Score="6" ViewCount="2621" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to ask :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;May I teach English to John&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but don't want to use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Puedo enseñar Inglés Juan?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as it seems more of a statement (puedo = I can) unless the questioning tone is noted. I want to ask permission but can't find a proper use of permite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper way to politely ask for permission to do something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8357" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T19:39:04.200" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T10:57:48.237" Title="How do I ask &quot;may I&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11894" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:34:17.637" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The distinction &quot;may / can&quot; does not exist in Spanish. No problem, the translation is correct and sounds perfectly polite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedo enseñar inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other details that you should care:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lower case &lt;em&gt;inglés&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The question opens with a &lt;strong&gt;¿&lt;/strong&gt; sign.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Indirect object of the sentence, if human, goes with the preposition &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;enseñar a Juan&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chile we prefer to add a pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedo enseñar&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T15:34:17.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11893" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:38:39.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that your rationale about using &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; are perfectly OK for this context. Unfortunately, there are lot of exceptions to the rules and sometimes those can't really be explained by Spanish speakers beyond &amp;quot;We say it like way&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would actually say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Coca Cola &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; riquísima&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;referring to the brand, even if it is going to taste the same tomorrow and the day after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El té &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno para la salud. La Coca Cola &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy dulce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referring to its properties. Those properties are going to be the same tomorrow and the day after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wine can be tricky in this context. Are we referring to generic wine (all kinds of brands) or a specific one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El vino &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conveys more a property common to all wines. Doesn't matter if it is &lt;em&gt;Vega Sicilia's best year ever&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;El Tío de la Bota's cheapo wine&lt;/em&gt;. You would be expressing a property of &lt;em&gt;The Wine&lt;/em&gt; (like in the example of the tea and its benefits for health. All teas are good for health).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El vino &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can convey that the specific brand we chose for the meal is delicious. Even if the brand might state as it is always (permanent condition) I want to differentiate it form the boarder class of its kind. &lt;strong&gt;This one&lt;/strong&gt; is really good, as opposed as &amp;quot;It's delicious because it is wine, and all wines are delicious&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that this statement can be greatly discussed, since the difference and implications may be really subtle, but my guess is that the flashcard translation favors &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; over &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; to convey that a specific one, in a specific context, is good, as opposed to state that all of its kind are good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenía mis dudas cuando pediste la botella, pero el vino &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso. Excelente elección!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente XXX habría estado mejor, pero este otro &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; también delicioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oye, este vino que me has dado a probar &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso. Me gusta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T19:20:11.580" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11894" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:59:45.933" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the use of &amp;quot;may I&amp;quot; is translated into Spanish in a much more polite than Rodrigo has written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the one hand, the translation of &lt;strong&gt;May I?&lt;/strong&gt; into Spanish would be &lt;strong&gt;¿Me permite?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would translated your sentence in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permite enseñarle inglés a Juan? (if you are talking with one single person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permite&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; enseñarle inglés a Juan? (if you are talking with more than two people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be even more polite (Might I?) you could use the conditional tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permitiría enseñarle inglés a Juan? (if you are talking with one single person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permitiría&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; enseñarle inglés a Juan? (if you are talking with more than two people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that we are using the third person &lt;em&gt;(Usted, ustedes)&lt;/em&gt; to be respectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, if you want to use the verb &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; with the first person, you will be politer if you use the conditional tense because the present is quite neutral. So you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría enseñar inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is the it is better to use &amp;quot;Me permite&amp;quot; because the action goes to your interlocutor, so you are indicating that the decision is enterely his.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T10:57:48.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11894" CreationDate="2015-01-23T16:00:10.817" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Rodrigo´s answer states, there is no distinction of &amp;quot;may / can&amp;quot; and would be the context the one that gives the information about if you are saying that you can do something or if you are asking for permission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are though other forms to ask for permission or to inquire if doing something would bother anyone in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te importa/molesta + si + presenta (or &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te importa si dejo esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te importa que deje esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; could be changed for the third person pronoun &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; to use the &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot; form)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use importar or molestar in conditional form followed by pretérito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te importaría si dejase esto aquí? Te molestaría que dejase esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me permites + infinitivo (or &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permites dejar esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permites que deje esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Again, you could use the third form to be more formal: &amp;quot;Me permite que deje esto aquí?&amp;quot;. You could use permitir in conditional form followed by pretérito: &amp;quot;Me permitirías dejar esto aquí?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me das (o darías) permiso para + infinitivo (or &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjuntivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me das permiso para dejar esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me das permiso para que deje esto aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Again, the formal version: &amp;quot;Me &lt;strong&gt;da&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;daría&lt;/strong&gt;) permiso para ...&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you want to avoid the use or &amp;quot;poder&amp;quot; (although there is nothing wrong with it) you could try any of the above combinations. Some of them would sound very formal, even in their informal version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me da permiso para enseñar inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Le importaría si le enseño inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me permitiría enseñarle inglés a Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T23:24:19.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11893" CreationDate="2015-01-23T21:28:49.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically, I use &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; when I am using an adjective, a &lt;code&gt;property&lt;/code&gt; as another put it.  There are some adjectives though that are both adjectives and past participles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Mi tío está muerto&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To someone struggling with the understanding of ser vs estar, this can seem confusing to them as it would make a learner ask, &amp;quot;But won't he always be dead?  Wouldn't you use &lt;code&gt;es muerto&lt;/code&gt;?&amp;quot;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/793/why-is-estar-muerto-used-instead-of-ser-muerto&quot;&gt;Why is &amp;#39;estar muerto&amp;#39; used instead of &amp;#39;ser muerto&amp;#39;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the reason for &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is to express that he wasn't always dead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El té es caliente&lt;/code&gt; but when it gets cold.... &lt;code&gt;El té está frío&lt;/code&gt;  The state has changed and regardless of the fact that the tea will continue to be cold (unless heated up), its state/status still changed, and still can change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inheritance is the idea to think of with &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pelo del perro es blanco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pelo del perro fue coloreado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pelo del perro está azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add insult to injury, &lt;code&gt;El pelo del perro estuvo coloreado&lt;/code&gt;, expresses that situation more as a surprise rather than something as simple as The dog's hair was colored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not only was it colored, it happened to get colored, either by accident, purpose, negligence, etcetera.  It wasn't exactly planned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To compare it to English I would say that the difference is the same as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The dog's hair was colored  ( fue comparison )&#xA;&#xA;The dog's hair got colored  ( estuvo comparison )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To recap&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;La comida es buena &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Food is good.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;La comida está buena &amp;gt;&amp;gt; The food is good&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T00:07:08.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-24T01:41:52.820" Score="4" ViewCount="1882" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré este frase en un libro para estudiantes de español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprovecha gaviota que no hay otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción a inglés es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here is your chance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen del frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T12:52:01.760" Title="Origen y significado de «Aprovecha gaviota que no hay otra»" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11893" CreationDate="2015-01-24T10:17:40.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my intuitions (which follow from the rules of my own 'mental gramar and lexicon' of Spanish), the difference between the two (correct) sentences &lt;em&gt;El vino es delicioso&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;El vino está delicioso&lt;/em&gt; is the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; only if I am already familiar, or even very familiar, with that specific brand and vintage of wine but find it especially good-tasting in the situation in which I say so. Otherwise, I would say &lt;em&gt;El/Este vino &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, of course, there are all sorts of reasons why any brand of wine, even from the same vintage, may not taste equally well in different occasions, e.g., the cask and barrel where the content of a particular bottle has fermented and matured, the way the bottle has since been stored and handled, the state of the cork, the time lag between the opening of the bottle and the moment the wine is actually tasted, the temperature at which it is tasted, the kind - and way of preparation - of the food it accompanies in each occasion, .... and, of course, many other factors derived from the mental state of the consumer at speech time. All of them can induce &lt;strong&gt;changes of state&lt;/strong&gt; relative to whatever properties the wine may be said to have 'inherently' possessed at whatever point is arbitrarily chosen to define its 'essence' as being the sum of the properties P1, P2,... Pn, say the bottling point, the point at which the wine is considered in optimal condition for consumption, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, in &lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt; case, usage, or at least my own usage, can be said to conform to the traditional rule that &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is used to express inherent and permanent properties of entities or substances, whereas &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used to express ultimately transitory states in which entities or substances find themselves (although, of course, permanence and transitoriness are estimated  &lt;em&gt;modulo&lt;/em&gt; the time scale of the processes or situations involved in each case, which differs dramatically for cases such as &lt;em&gt;La cerveza está caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;La tienda está abierta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Juan está sin trabajo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Juan está deprimido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Juan está soltero&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Juan está muerto&lt;/em&gt;, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorDisplayName="user7211" LastEditDate="2015-01-24T10:32:19.487" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T10:32:19.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-24T14:48:58.557" Score="0" ViewCount="1581" Body="&lt;p&gt;I mean the reason &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; that part is different from English. I understand that it may be used as a marker for changing subject but I don't understand why it's required to the extent that removing it will be grammatically incorrect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2288" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T14:33:05.710" Title="Why is the &quot;que&quot; in &quot;pienso que&quot; obligatory?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-01-24T16:41:05.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will not be grammatically incorrect if you remove the &quot;que&quot;, but it will have a slightly different meaning. &quot;Pienso que&quot; translates to &quot;I think that&quot;, you could similarly say, for example, &quot;Pienso comerme ese pollo.&quot;, which translates to &quot;I think (of) eating that chicken.&quot;, in this case, the &quot;of&quot; is omitted in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8365" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T16:41:05.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-01-24T20:10:28.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not in all cases you have to put &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pienso + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;  is used to express an activity you want to do. For example, &lt;em&gt;Pienso ir a la playa este fin de semana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In another cases you have to put it, and in these cases you are expressing an opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pienso que + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;  For example, &lt;em&gt;Pienso que ir a la playa este fin de semana estaría bien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pienso que + sentece&lt;/strong&gt;   For example, &lt;em&gt;Pienso que la playa es fantástica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think that &lt;em&gt;pienso que&lt;/em&gt; is like phrasal verb in English. It's always like this, the same way to &lt;em&gt;creo que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;opino que&lt;/em&gt;, ... and other verbs that express opinion. If not, it will sound really weird to the interlocutor, like something is missing. You need this connector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's funny because in Spain, when imitating American Indian accent, we omit connectors like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T14:19:17.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11900" CreationDate="2015-01-25T00:00:27.210" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es simplemente una rima. Se suele decir &quot;no hay otra (oportunidad)&quot; o &quot;no te verás en otra (situación igual)&quot;. Y para que la frase quede graciosa y rime, llamas al interlocutor gaviota. Por cierto, rima en &lt;em&gt;asonante&lt;/em&gt;, solo las vocales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de frases son de la cultura popular de cada región y se suelen decir en lugar de una frase más plana y aburrida. Cuando usas una frase de este tipo en esta situación, das más razones para que esa persona aproveche su oportunidad, no es solo tu opinión, también lo dice el saber popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T00:00:27.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2015-01-25T04:35:05.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sollado al definirlo criollamente en américa, es estar con los huevos o testículos irritados o pelados con un dolor insoportable que no se aguanta cuando caminas y los escrotos se te rozan con el movimiento de las piernas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sucede mucho al ponerse ropas apretadas, como cuando te queda la marca roja hundida en la carne por culpa del calzoncillo apretado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También sucede la afección cuando guindan y rebenquean mucho los huevos en el órgano femenino de la mujer al momento del chiqui chiqui. Por eso mismo esa misma expresión y los mismo síntomas que el ejemplo anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También otro ejemplo cuando estás con una chica encima sentada, y te pones erecto por debajo de la ropa y de estar en esa fricción puede ocasionarse el efecto de estar sollado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se ha visto cuando las mujeres hacen ejercicios con licras muy pegados, el cuero de los labios de la vagina se irrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No crean que solamente da en casos de sexo. También los trabajadores de construcción han sufrido del problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, qué más puedo explicar si lo dije todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8368" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T15:36:03.250" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T15:36:03.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11909" CreationDate="2015-01-26T22:26:37.373" Score="3" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's used while speaking indians (mexicans?) in a book of M. V. Llosa. I am interested about origin and meaning of this phrase. Contextual it should mean something like &quot;my friend&quot;, but it's only my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T14:48:56.640" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:48:56.640" Title="Meaning of &quot;mi cabo&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11908" CreationDate="2015-01-27T00:26:02.437" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Cabo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is a rank of military hierarchy, equivalent to &quot;corporal&quot; in Anglo-Saxon culture. The use of the possessive &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; corresponds to a respectful manner, as in &quot;Oh, captain! &lt;strong&gt;My&lt;/strong&gt; captain!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T12:54:48.197" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T12:54:48.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2015-01-27T02:58:18.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That Spanish is a phonetic language is often accepted uncritically leading to difficulties along the path to building proficiency in the language. As others have indicated the aspect of a language being phonetic is a relative thing. Is Spanish absolutely phonetic? No. But it is phonetic relative to English and not phonetic relative to, say, Swahili. The ideal for a language being phonetic is that once the rules of pronunciation have been mapped you should be able to go from the spoken word to the written word, and vice versa, consistently. This does not always hold in Spanish for many reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, ideally you'd like this phonetic feature to be at the level of the alphabet but Spanish already runs into problems because in most dialects these letters have the same pronunciation: z,s, and in some contexts c, similarly v and b are usually pronounced identically (for the longest time I couldn't discern that the commonly used 'a ver' was its own expression, I thought it was a peculiar use of 'haber' that I was yet to learn). So the mapping from spoken to written broken. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mapping the other way breaks too from a purely alphabetical standpoint. The 'g' in 'gol' is pronounced differently from the 'g' in 'Argentina'. Similar cases are present with 'c'. However, Spanish is very consistent once the rules for these are established to the extent that once you know these rules there are not too many exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You run into more problems with regional pronunciation. As indicated above, the aspired 's' in Rioplatense Spanish causes the 's' to disappear completely when it's in the middle of consonants and it ends up sounding like an h. So in this dialect if someone says &quot;dos pesos&quot; you might be tempted to transcribe it as &quot;doh pesos&quot; based on the pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8375" LastEditorUserId="8375" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T03:03:30.057" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T03:03:30.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11894" CreationDate="2015-01-27T04:29:23.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way you could say it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me permite enseñar a Juan? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say another way in different words by saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Está bien si yo enseño Juan inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the second choice is a little more strict&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T14:34:19.503" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T14:34:19.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11914" CreationDate="2015-01-27T19:15:21.530" Score="1" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sulfur Hexafluoride is a gas mixture. I'm using Sulfur Hexafluoride at work and I need to translate some documents into Spanish. Can anyone help me? How do you say Sulfur Hexafluoride in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be &quot;Hexafluoruro de azufre&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, que alguien que me ayude. ¿Cómo se dice &quot;Sulfur Hexafluoride&quot; en Español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se dice &quot;Hexafluoruro de azufre&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8379" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T02:55:58.253" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T02:55:58.253" Title="Translation of Sulfur Hexafluoride in spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3530" CreationDate="2015-01-27T19:48:54.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since there is not an acceptable literal translation, I would opt for a similar concept, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instrucciones (instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guías (guides)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paso a Paso (step by step)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T19:48:54.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11912" CreationDate="2015-01-27T19:50:04.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexafluoruro_de_azufre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hexafluoruro de azufre&lt;/a&gt;. Is an inorganic gas known as greenhouse gas and voice modifier (the reverse effect of helium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A best way to technical translations: go to subject in Wikipedia and change language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T22:55:39.103" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T22:55:39.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-01-27T21:25:22.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people, even in high Academic areas around hispanic america, hate &quot;presidenta&quot; with passion, they believe La presidente is more politically correct.&#xA;But due to the fact that there's so many women president, the media has been using largely the term presidenta for over 15 years, there's really no point in using presidente anymore except for a few stubborn intellectual people.&#xA;I am a university professor and I use presidentA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8380" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T21:25:22.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-27T22:27:39.660" Score="2" ViewCount="1216" Body="&lt;p&gt;«verter» significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Derramar o vaciar líquidos, y también cosas menudas, como sal, harina, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y según &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/verter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/verter#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, se deriva de la palabra «vertere» de Latín.  Pero «vertere» &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/verto#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt; voltar, revertir, cambiar, etc.  Nada de líquidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de «verter»? Si de hecho se deriva de «vertere», ¿de cuál sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T03:37:59.190" Title="Etimología de «verter»" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11916" CreationDate="2015-01-28T02:34:08.557" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verter&lt;/strong&gt; deriva del latín &lt;strong&gt;vertere&lt;/strong&gt; que significa literalmente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar vuelta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. De ahí proviene una lista larga de palabras españolas de significados muy distintos. Como es normal en la historia de las palabras, se ha llegado a esos significados por metáforas y metonimias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación, en el primer punto, indico el origen de &lt;strong&gt;verter&lt;/strong&gt; para responder a tu pregunta. Después agrego otras palabras relacionadas que pueden parecerte interesantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verter: Por contigüidad de significados (causa y efecto), verter pasó a significar &quot;derramar&quot;, porque normalmente al &quot;dar vuelta&quot; un recipiente se derrama su contenido. De esta acepción deriva también la &quot;vertiente&quot; de agua.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Invertir: Formada con el prefijo &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;, significa literalmente &quot;girar hacia adentro&quot;. Pasó a significar &lt;em&gt;cambiar la dirección de algo en el sentido contrario&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí proviene también el concepto económico &quot;inversión&quot;, que implica (o implicaba originalmente) que los bienes &quot;vuelven&quot; a la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Versus: Es el participio pasado de vertere, algo así como &quot;dado vuelta&quot;. Su uso original en latín era para decir que &lt;em&gt;algo o alguien está orientado hacia...&lt;/em&gt; Este significado persiste en la palabra &quot;advertir&quot;, que significa &quot;enfrentar, dirigir la atención hacia...&quot;. La misma raíz está con un sentido negativo en &quot;adverso&quot; (&quot;confrontado&quot;), y por lo tanto en &quot;adversario&quot; y &quot;adversidad&quot;. Con el sentido de &quot;confrontación&quot; la palabra pasó al inglés, y de ahí a su uso actual universal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vértebras: los huesos de la columna que le permiten &quot;dar vuelta&quot;. De ahí deriva &quot;vertebrados&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vértigo: la sensación de que la cabeza te &quot;da vueltas&quot;. La palabra ya existía en latín, su relación con &lt;em&gt;vertere&lt;/em&gt; es anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que baste con eso, pero hay más: verso, universo, universidad, conversar, reverso, revés, controversia, aniversario, vértice, vertical, diverso, divertido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-01-28T03:37:59.190" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T03:37:59.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2015-01-28T15:28:17.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I´ve heard this word &lt;strong&gt;used by a Vietnamese interviewee&lt;/strong&gt; in exactly the same derogatory sense as it is often used -nay, usually used - in Spanish, irrespective of the Spanish-speaking country concerned.  Whether or not it is pushed as very offensive or just slightly offensive, the sense is the same as &quot;chink&quot; &quot;paki&quot; &quot;kraut&quot; &quot;commie&quot; etc; there is no way to remove all trace of offense from these words, no matter how you frame them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just putting it out there that the word gringo is also part of Vietnamese vocabulary, at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8388" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T15:28:17.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-28T17:06:47.323" Score="0" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this is not an unwanted question for this forum, but I don't know where else to ask it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to translate some early California history books, memoirs, letters, etc. written in Spanish into English. I am interested in material that has not yet been translated into English. Of particular interest would be the the early 1800s, but any and all of it interests me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know of a source where I could find such books/documents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T21:42:26.800" Title="Source for/availability of Spanish-language California History books?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-01-30T02:54:49.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11920" CreationDate="2015-01-28T21:42:26.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá encuentres algo en los archivos digitalizados disponibles en la página de la Biblioteca Nacional de España (Biblioteca Digital Hispánica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8395" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T21:42:26.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2015-01-28T22:08:39.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sollar. (Del lat. sufflāre). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. ant. Despedir aire con violencia por la boca. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. ant. Arrojar aire por medio de fuelles u otros artificios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que sea lo que haces cuando te entra un sopor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sopor. (Del lat. sopor, -ōris). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Adormecimiento, somnolencia. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Med. Modorra morbosa persistente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí estar sollado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rasparse la piel, figuradamente, es desollarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;desollar. (Del lat. vulg. *exfollāre, der. del lat. follis, fuelle, bolsa de cuero). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Quitar la piel del cuerpo o de alguno de sus miembros. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Causar a alguien grave daño en su persona, honra o hacienda. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8395" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T17:18:32.170" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T17:18:32.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11926" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-30T02:53:05.753" Score="2" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un libro de frases y traducciones entre español e inglés encontré esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Apresúrense que vamos tarde!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dice que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hurry, we're late!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayúdame a entender por qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apresúrense&lt;/strong&gt; entiendo es el imperativo de «apresurarse» (hurry yourself), y entiendo bien &lt;strong&gt;vamos tarde&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;we're going late&quot;).  Pero ¿por qué la palabra &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;?  ¿Cómo sirve en la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T14:17:22.693" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:17:22.693" Title="Gramática de la frase «¡Apresúrense que vamos tarde!»" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11926" CreationDate="2015-01-30T03:06:56.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los múltiples usos que puede tener la partícula &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; (pronombre en oraciones interrogativas, exclamativas o relativas, conjunción coordinante, etc.) está el introducir frases subordinadas. La oración subordinada depende de la oración principal y puede funcionar como objeto directo, sujeto, adjetivo o complemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Apresúrense &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; vamos tarde!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una conjunción que sirve no solo para unir ambas frases, o introducir una oración subordinada, sino para expresar &lt;strong&gt;causalidad&lt;/strong&gt; (causa-efecto) de una frente a otra. Podría quedar un poco más claro si lo cambiamos por &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Dense prisa porque vamos tarde!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración subordinada (vamos tarde) expresa la causa de lo denotado por la oración principal (Apresúrense / Dense prisa). El &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; es la partícula nexo que une ambas frases y explica el porqué de la primera oración en base a la segunda (subordinada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quites la tetera del fuego &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; todavía no está hirviendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías forzarlo como si fueran dos frases enunciativas y no usar el &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quites la tetera del fuego. [la tetera] Todavía no está hirviendo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si quieres expresar &lt;strong&gt;causalidad&lt;/strong&gt; (una cosa es consecuencia de otra; esta es la razón por la que quiero que hagas o no hagas esto o lo otro) necesitas la partícula &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; para introducir una frase subordinada (dependiente de la primera) que explique la relación, consecuencia, causa-efecto, motivo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quites la tetera del fuego (por)&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; todavía no está hirviendo (y quiero que hierva para prepararme un té).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T15:59:10.870" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T15:59:10.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11926" CreationDate="2015-01-30T03:28:51.020" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción no es buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hurry, we are late&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;debería ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apresúrense, vamos tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;que&quot; que vio tiene el mismo significado que el &quot;that&quot; en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hurry that we are late&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que sería una traducción más precisa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8405" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T21:34:12.317" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T21:34:12.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-01-30T06:59:35.030" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English you can say: I think [that] WE go to blablabla... You must use pronoun [WE] as subject but in Spanish it is not obligatory. So, to mark subject grammatically you must use que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1710" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T06:59:35.030" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11908" CreationDate="2015-01-30T07:20:23.657" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;military rank corporal or between corporal and sergeant (cabo primero). I guess you're reading &quot;La ciudad y los perros&quot;. I studied in that place... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8406" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T07:20:23.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-30T07:23:15.197" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How was your winter break = Como fueron tus vacaciones de invierno? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8406" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T07:23:15.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11933" CreationDate="2015-01-30T13:01:56.617" Score="3" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the phrase &quot;estar a la que salta&quot; in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scNAizqcDqk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt;. And I found some information &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1210196&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I could gather from the video it suggests the meaning is to be unstable or very nervous or maybe very annoyed. From the forum link it suggests that it means to never miss an opportunity or to be very touchy/sensitive (two quite different meanings).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you clarify the meanings and perhaps the contexts where this phrase is used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8408" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:32:35.047" Title="meanings of &quot;estar a la que salta&quot;" Tags="&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11932" CreationDate="2015-01-30T14:17:54.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estar a la que salta&quot; means something like &quot;being &lt;strong&gt;jumpy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but not only that. Somebody who &quot;está a la que salta&quot; probably is on the edge and nervous, and exhibits an irascible behavior, but that behavior is the real meaning of the expression and it can be used in other context without the person being upset or nervous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that I'm really nervous due to an important exam or job interview and anytime that someone says something to me I yell back to them in frustration or I &lt;strong&gt;overreact&lt;/strong&gt;. They could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego &lt;em&gt;está a la que salta&lt;/em&gt;. A nada que le dices responde a gritos &lt;sub&gt; Diego is so jumpy (or on edge). If you try to talk to him he'll yell back at you! &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another context: I'm frustrated, or upset, for whichever reason and I pay that on the people close to me. I reply angrily and bitterly to any of other people's comments. I criticize everything other people do, just because I'm upset and frustrated, &lt;strong&gt;not missing any chance to do so&lt;/strong&gt;. Any time an opportunity of doing so comes around (think of it as a bunny that jumps or &lt;em&gt;&quot;salta&quot;&lt;/em&gt; out of its rabbit hole) I'm going to shoot, I'm going to go for it. It would almost seem that I'm paying attention for these opportunities to show up to criticize, yell at others and discharge my frustration on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another context in which you could use it: I'm with a group of friends and almost every time somebody says something I'm able to get a double meaning of it, making some kind of sexual joke. They could also say &quot;estás a la que salta&quot; meaning &quot;&lt;strong&gt;You don't miss an opportunity&lt;/strong&gt; to make a joke&quot; or &quot;It would seem that you are paying attention to this chances to show up to make another joke. You don't miss any of them&quot;. I guess that in English they wouldn't say I'm being jumpy, but maybe too cocky or annoying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se puede decir nada. Estás a la que salta y le encuentras el doble sentido a todo &lt;sub&gt; We can't talk! You don't miss a chance to find the double meaning in everything we say.&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in a meeting at work and somebody criticizes all your ideas, maybe he is not upset or nervous, maybe he is just a jerk or an adversary, but he is &quot;a la que salta&quot;, eager to find a flaw in your ideas anytime you speak to make you look bad in front of the boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Paco estaba a la que salta en la reunión con cada una de mis ideas. Quería hacerme quedar mal delante del jefe porque competimos por un ascenso al mismo puesto. &lt;sub&gt; Paco didn't miss an opportunity to make each of my ideas look bad in the meeting. He wanted me to look bad in front of the boss because we are competing for a promotion. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not that the expression has two different meanings (like &quot;never miss an opportunity or to be very touchy/sensitive&quot; vs. &quot;being nervous or annoyed&quot;). It is as if I'm in a state in which I am nervous, annoyed, frustrated, etc. this leads me to behave in a certain way (jumpy, overcritical, overreacting, etc.) and not missing any opportunities to do so to others. It doesn't really mean &quot;being nervous or annoyed&quot; it means exhibiting this kind of behavior, &quot;never miss an opportunity&quot;, which can be used in a different context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T14:32:35.047" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:32:35.047" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12846" CreationDate="2015-01-30T17:50:49.000" Score="3" ViewCount="3031" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a Latin American (including US speakers from latin american backgrounds) Spanish translation of the phrase &quot;awesome&quot; or &quot;sweet&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For context, &lt;code&gt;sweet&lt;/code&gt; is generally used upon encountering good news where I'm from. A man opens up the mail, and it's a paycheck - sweet! A girl finds out she got an A on a test - sweet! It's what you use to welcome good news. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Awesome&lt;/code&gt; has a slightly more general connotation. If I saw an eagle fly over my head, I could say &quot;awesome!&quot; but it would be kind of weird to say &quot;sweet&quot;. In this case it's not good news it's just something cool or interesting. Moreover, &quot;awesome&quot; can generally be used for good news too, but it's slightly odder to do so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this clarification helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for regional criteria, perhaps the translations that extend most broadly across Latin America (and for the purposes of this question US residents with Latin American heritage and cultural backgrounds are included too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:50:01.853" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:50:01.853" Title="Awesome or Sweet" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11934" CreationDate="2015-01-30T18:08:06.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Awesome&lt;/strong&gt; is easy to translate. Being more formal and standardized, you can use something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fabuloso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Increíble&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espectacular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fantástico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sweet&lt;/strong&gt; instead is a problem because the word itself is a colloquial idiom. I can suggest you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué bien!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not really much difference with &lt;em&gt;awesome&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion it will depend on the regional variety of Spanish you use. I can tell you what is used in Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Bacán!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡La raja!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but probably prefer some North American way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T18:08:06.307" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11934" CreationDate="2015-01-30T18:08:31.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't kwon if is widely used in Latin America, but you could try with &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;mola&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; from the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=aNy4YagYnDXX22KHYxsg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;molar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. This is a colloquialism that could be used in both contexts provided since it not only carries the connotation of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gustar, resultar agradable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but also for something to be cool or fascinating. Lets say that in both situations (either receiving my paycheck or seeing an eagle) I would hit the &amp;quot;like&amp;quot; button (to use an analogy). Every time I do so I could say &amp;quot;mola&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could use other &amp;quot;synonyms&amp;quot; like &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=guay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (although this one might not be widely used either. Probably is uncommon in other provinces of Spain than Madrid)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué guay! He sacado un diez en el examen. Cómo mola!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué guay, el cheque de la paga. Ya sé en qué me lo voy a gastar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué guay, un águila. Cómo mola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T18:08:31.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2015-01-31T05:42:18.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Costa Rica, Gringo means a person from the United States.  It is used for white people, people of African descent, and even Mexican-Americans who speak Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8413" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T05:42:18.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11941" CreationDate="2015-01-31T11:54:12.840" Score="1" ViewCount="374" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the Spanish sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No podemos esperar más &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;have two translations into English ie. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we cannot wait any longer &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we cannot hope for more ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8414" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-01-31T16:00:04.700" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T17:57:13.423" Title="Does the sentence &quot;no podemos esperar más&quot; translate into English as &quot;we cannot wait any longer&quot; and &quot;We cannot hope for more&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11939" CreationDate="2015-01-31T13:12:09.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both translations are reasonable. Without any context the first one (we cannot wait any longer) is the best one, but the second one is possible too. For the second meaning 'No podemos esperar &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; más' would be clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1083" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T13:12:09.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11939" CreationDate="2015-01-31T16:05:16.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the verb &amp;quot;esperar&amp;quot; has the meanings of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for, wait &lt;sub&gt; (Esperar, aguardar) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos esperando a que pare de llover&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero a que llegue el autobús&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hope, trust &lt;sub&gt; (Tener esperanza, confiar) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que deje de llover pronto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que el autobús llegue pronto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede esperar nada bueno de ti. Siempre me decepcionas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T16:05:16.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11943" CreationDate="2015-01-31T20:02:58.363" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a spanish word for the english word 'teachings' (as an example: Catholic Teachings, etc). The dictionary I usually consult suggests the word 'enseñanzas', but somehow the word doesn't sound well, for me at least. Is there a better word? Instinctively, I was looking for 'ensinamientos' but this word doesn't seem to exist in the dictionary... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T02:33:27.707" Title="A better word for 'Teachings'" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11942" CreationDate="2015-01-31T20:31:10.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Enseñanzas&quot; could work.&#xA;&quot;ensinamientos&quot; doesn't exist.&#xA;You must be meaning &quot;enseñamientos&quot;.&#xA;Both could work, but I'd prefer the first one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8403" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T20:31:10.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11942" CreationDate="2015-02-01T02:33:27.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;enseñamiento&amp;quot; is a word completely unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would say something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Educación católica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instrucción católica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T02:33:27.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3860" CreationDate="2015-02-01T02:50:47.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; we wear &lt;code&gt;polera&lt;/code&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;Camiseta&lt;/em&gt; is underwear and &lt;em&gt;remera&lt;/em&gt; is not used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that in the dubbing of some films says &lt;code&gt;franela&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-02-01T23:50:34.133" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T23:50:34.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11947" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11998" CreationDate="2015-02-01T09:00:37.940" Score="2" ViewCount="2016" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clarify the grammar and the objective of &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in comerse/beberse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clarify which other verbs can take &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for the same objective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Related article&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3654/el-uso-de-comerse&quot;&gt;El uso de &amp;quot;comerse&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2890/cu%C3%A1l-es-la-diferencia-entre-comer-y-comerse&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es la diferencia entre comer y comerse?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It explains that if the object is specific, &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se + comer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used and &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is required. For example, the objects in the sentences below are specific and requires &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Godzilla se ha comido el hombre se llama Alan Targas Jr&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Alan se comío un plato de los mariscos de que él había pescado el propio.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks there is something called *&lt;code&gt;los verbos pronominales*&lt;/code&gt; but not sure exactly what they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Questions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it looks just because the object is specific does not mean the verb requires 'se'. Some verbs such as 'hacer' makes different meanings with &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Some verbs (seem) do not require 'se' in itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This confuses me and I would like to understand why &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used with some verbs and not with others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the idea or the grammar behind &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in comer-se.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of verbs can take &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; like comer to go with a specific object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, which ones below would require 'se' for the specific object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha andado el camino de la muerte en Bolivia. (He walked the death road in Bolivia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha hecho la casa en la que vive por él mismo. (He made his house by himself)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha conseguido el premio nobel de física en 2010. (He got the Novel prize of physics in 2010)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To indicate to see the previous chapter such as &amp;quot;See the article 25 in page 31&amp;quot;, it could be &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Véase el artículo en la página 31&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Is the &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; here same with &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in comers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Update&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learnt from a teacher below. My understanding now is that when a speaker has a quite specific situation/location/person/thing in mind, it manifests as 'se'. If it is a general statement, 'se' does not appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me lo pensaré (I do think about it) y lo pensaré (I think about it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a asegurarme de que Juan complete las tareas (I do make sure Juan finishes his tasks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me echo la siesta (I do have a nap) y echo la siesta (I take a nap)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 'se' is missing in a statement referring to a quite specific situation, such as 'Gozilla comío el hombre',  the Spanish natives appear to feel strange about the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T12:49:56.973" Title="Where else 'Se' in comerse will be used" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11968" CreationDate="2015-02-01T10:11:23.383" Score="2" ViewCount="789" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Objective&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify which one to use 'Futuro' or 'Subjuntivo' (or it does not matter) to say &quot;I do not believe/think it will rain tomorrow&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que lloverá mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que llueva mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my understanding, 'Futuro' to talk about the future possibility and 'subjunctive' to talk about the belief/understanding/opinion in negation. When a sentence has both, which one to use and are there implications that the talker intends?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T08:12:27.943" Title="Futuro or Subjuntivo to talk about a belief in a future event in a negative form" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11954" CreationDate="2015-02-01T14:58:25.183" Score="19" ViewCount="24059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Friends tell me there is a subtle difference between the two, and that &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; is a little stronger, a little more definitive a statement than &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both mean &quot;never&quot;—but are there any measurable differences? Places where you'd use one and not the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8420" LastEditorUserId="8420" LastEditDate="2015-02-02T09:21:44.390" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T09:21:44.390" Title="What is the difference, if any, between &quot;nunca&quot; and &quot;jamás&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11949" CreationDate="2015-02-01T15:23:04.263" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;jamas&quot; is a subtle slang synonym of &quot;nunca&quot;. I would say &quot;jamas&quot; is more emphatic as &quot;absolutely never&quot;. Look up the English translation for both words to see their definitions and in what contexts they're used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T15:23:04.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="450" CreationDate="2015-02-01T15:41:08.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Puerto Rico we frequently say &quot;Buenas&quot; (&quot;Greetings&quot;) when answering phones and greeting people. When we conclude a phone call call or visit, we frequently say &quot;Buen Día&quot;, as in &quot;Have a good day&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T15:41:08.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11948" CreationDate="2015-02-01T15:50:14.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your second example is the more common and correct way of saying it, although most of us would use &quot;llueve&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="807" LastEditDate="2015-02-01T16:01:36.073" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T16:01:36.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11949" CreationDate="2015-02-01T16:04:47.317" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have usually seen these two words used together, for emphasis. This is perhaps better understood as being similar to the way we say &quot;never ever&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5597" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T16:04:47.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11949" CreationDate="2015-02-01T17:56:37.190" Score="28" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Nunca Jamás!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to find &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; occurring in free variation within the same paragraph, even within the same sentence, with absolutely no difference in meaning intended. So while in many instances there is little to no difference between them, sometimes there can be.  In &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?jama.s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;their entry on the historical origin of &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, this Chilean website on Etymologies succinctly summarizes the principal difference this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jamás substitue, enfáticamente, a nunca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; is an emphatic version of &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; — now. The actual history of the word &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; is interesting, deriving from a Latin expression literally meaning &lt;em&gt;ya más&lt;/em&gt;. However, over the years it eventually changed its meaning to the very opposite of that — to meaning &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; — which is the prevailing situation in our day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you read medieval Spanish, be prepared to find &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; sometimes used in the sense of &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; instead of as &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;. See Llorens 1929, “La negación en español antiguo con referencias a otros idiomas” in &lt;em&gt;Revista de Filología Española&lt;/em&gt; for more on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the scholarly Chilean site is correct about &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; being more emphatic than &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, then it would make sense for &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; to occur with less frequency than &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, since emphasis is less common than not emphasizing something.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in fact, this is precisely what we find in Google Books: &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; is certainly the more common of the two, occurring about four times as often as &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; does &lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/PaXvok&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in Google Books’ Spanish corpus&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you click on the graph, it should take you to the original.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/PaXvok&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qkxc8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could of course be other reasons for the frequency disparity than that of emphasis. It is evidence, not proof. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another difference between the two can be found in certain fixed collocations where you must use one but not the other, or vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;em&gt;nunca jamás&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;siempre jamás&lt;/em&gt; are fixed forms with specific meanings, and if you swap &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt; in them, you break them. The opposite versions are virtually never seen &lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/nkuUbR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;per this Google N-gram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/nkuUbR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YIjuk.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ngram of nunca jamás and siempre jamás&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you click on the graph, it should take you to the original.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few scant instances of &lt;em&gt;jamás nunca&lt;/em&gt; to be found, but &lt;em&gt;nunca jamás&lt;/em&gt; is the normal formulation.  &lt;em&gt;Siempre nunca&lt;/em&gt; virtually never occurs, as you cannot turn &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; into a positive instead of a negative the way you can in &lt;em&gt;siempre jamás&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the paper &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/rfrm/article/download/rfrm9292110063a/12573&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;“Negación doble y negación simple en español moderno” published in issue 9 of &lt;em&gt;Revista de Filología Románica&lt;/em&gt; in 1992&lt;/a&gt;, Bergareche  on page 65 lists the negative adverbs &lt;em&gt;nunca, jamás&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;, where he observes that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca&lt;/em&gt;, que procede de una palabra negativa latina, NUNQUAM, constituye&#xA;  la negación de tiempo en español, el correlato negativo de &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jamás&lt;/em&gt;, de etimología positiva, IAM MAGIS, funciona de modo idéntico a&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; con la salvedad de que puede servir de refuerzo a ese mismo adverbio, e&#xA;  incluso también a &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;, en este caso con sentido positivo. Existe un uso&#xA;  sustantivo de &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt;, que no nos interesa aquí por razones ya expuestas anteriormente,&#xA;  en la expresión «jamás de los jamases».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In his examples, he makes no distinction between these two with regard to negatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider possible negative answers to questions like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Has probado el pulpo a la gallega?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Has leído a Nietzsche?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One could negatively answer those questions with such answers as: &lt;sup&gt;(this is not exhaustive)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, nunca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jamás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca jamás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some but not all speakers distinguish case 3 from case 4 in that the former means you hadn’t but weren’t ruling out doing so in the future, whereas the latter says you have no intention of ever doing so either. If that distinction matters, seek clarification, because not everyone will agree on the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 5 is stronger, reinforcing the “neverness”.  However, while it might mean “absolutely never”, it might also in the right context also mean “never again” or “never more”.  For example, if you’d tasted the pulpo but it didn’t agree with you, you might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí, lo probé una vez pero casi me mató. ¡Nunca jamás!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2015-02-02T08:25:43.523" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T08:25:43.523" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11939" CreationDate="2015-02-01T17:57:13.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we cannot wait any longer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No podemos esperar más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espera a que llegue mi amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It refers to time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we cannot hope for more ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No podemos esperar más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que llegue mi amigo. (Because something could have happened to&#xA;him, so you wish/hope him to arrive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It refers to have hope for something, or for someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8403" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T17:57:13.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11956" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11961" CreationDate="2015-02-01T22:47:54.867" Score="1" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;The quote is this one : «Dios es el Absoluto en el sentido literal de esta palabra, el que está absuelto o desligado radicalmente de las cosas.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, in this situation I don't think that 'absuelto' means absolved. What is the meaning of this word in this situation, then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5537" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T16:16:05.087" Title="&quot;Absuelto&quot; but not absolved" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11956" CreationDate="2015-02-01T23:29:18.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words, &amp;quot;absuelto&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;absoluto&amp;quot;, are historically related. Derived from the Latin verb &amp;quot;solvere&amp;quot; which means &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;separate the components, release&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. Thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Absuelto&lt;/strong&gt;: Which has been released from paying a fine or a payment. [&lt;em&gt;Absolved&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;: Something whole, which has not been divided into pieces or has parts. [&lt;em&gt;Absolute&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quote's writer knows this etymological relation and want to make an interesting comment, probably arcane, but it really is wrong or at least try to make believe that both words &amp;quot;deeply&amp;quot; mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, in Spanish that someone is &amp;quot;absoluto&amp;quot; not mean it is &amp;quot;absuelto&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T23:29:18.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11956" CreationDate="2015-02-01T23:59:16.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it actually does mean &lt;em&gt;absolved&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios es el Absoluto en el sentido literal de esta palabra, el que está &lt;strong&gt;absuelto&lt;/strong&gt; o desligado radicalmente de las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;God is the Absolute in the literal sense of the word, He who is &lt;strong&gt;absolved&lt;/strong&gt; and unbound from things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding it means that he is &lt;em&gt;absolved&lt;/em&gt; (has no obligation of any kind). Since there is no authority above Him (He is the Absolute), the connotation is also that He is not absolved by a higher authority (like the verb &lt;em&gt;absolver&lt;/em&gt; would imply) but rather that there where no obligations He has to respond to. So He hasn't really been freed of his obligations, rather, there were no obligations for Him and there was no one He had to respond to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He is &amp;quot;absuelto y desligado&amp;quot;: &lt;em&gt;absolved&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;unbound&lt;/em&gt; (from/to) the things (&lt;em&gt;the things&lt;/em&gt; meaning whatever they do in the context of this quote).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T00:13:47.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2015-02-02T00:19:30.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I go shopping to buy a dress and I start looking at shoes or other merchandise my husband will say &quot;A lo que te truje Chencha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You came to buy shoes, let's buy the shoes and go!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8426" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T22:27:55.970" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T22:27:55.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3530" CreationDate="2015-02-02T03:27:22.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=how-to&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=how-to&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;manual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instrucciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=how-to+manual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=how-to+manual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;guía práctica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según mi personal punto de vista:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tutoriales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2242" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T03:27:22.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11956" CreationDate="2015-02-02T09:09:18.167" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The author here is using the etymological sense of the words &lt;em&gt;absuelto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;absoluto&lt;/em&gt;; both derive from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;absolūtus&lt;/em&gt;. When he writes &lt;em&gt;absuelto o desligado radicalmente&lt;/em&gt;, he is not expressing two possibilities: he means that, etymologically, &lt;em&gt;absuelto&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;desligado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you just want to know what does &lt;em&gt;absuelto&lt;/em&gt; mean in this fragment, the author himself is telling you. If you want to translate it into English, you could actually use &lt;em&gt;absolved&lt;/em&gt;, since its etymological origin is the same. This reference to etymological meanings, especially for words derived from Latin or Greek, is not unusual in religious texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-02-02T16:16:05.087" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T16:16:05.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-02-02T10:55:50.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short, &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; at the end of a verb indicates that it's a reflexive verb, meaning a verb pertaining to an individual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, levantar means to lift/pull up, but levantarse (same word but reflexive) means to get up. In essence it's a reflexive version of lift, that could be viewed (for better understanding) as to lift (oneself) up, in this case referring to getting out of bed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; takes form after the person who is performing the action. Eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Levantarse, yo) =&gt; Yo &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; levanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Levantarse, tu) =&gt; Tu &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; levantas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T19:05:35.527" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T19:05:35.527" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3654" CreationDate="2015-02-02T15:38:38.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comerse no solo indica comer algo sino que indica comerlo todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T15:38:38.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11965" CreationDate="2015-02-03T19:29:23.840" Score="4" ViewCount="440" Body="&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/partsofspeech/a/que_vs_de_que.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spanish.about.com&lt;/a&gt; they explain that you would use &quot;que&quot; if you can replace the English &quot;that&quot; with &quot;which&quot; and it would still make sense. So, it's a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El plan que quiere es caro. (The plan that/which he wants is expensive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would use &quot;de que&quot; in any other case. It's then a conjunction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El plan de que los estudiantes participen en las actividades es caro. (The plan that/&lt;strike&gt;which&lt;/strike&gt; students participate in the activities is expensive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/61/1821&quot;&gt;another post on this site,&lt;/a&gt; the most upvoted answers says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You need to replace &quot;que&quot; and everything after it with &quot;eso&quot; (which means &quot;it&quot;), then you will easily see which one is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a couple of examples, however, where I was confused that they sometimes used &quot;que&quot; and sometimes &quot;de que&quot; although I can't see that the above rule would be applicable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I only have one example present right now, which is taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/wordoftheday/2198/la-culpa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spanishdict.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es culpa mía que estés enamorada de mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applying the first rule above, the proper translation into English would be &quot;that&quot; as a conjunction. Using &quot;which&quot; is just wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's not my fault that/&lt;strike&gt;which&lt;/strike&gt; you're in love with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to that first rule, &quot;de que&quot; would be correct and, hence, the example given were wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering the second rule, there's already an &quot;it&quot; in the sentence. Attaching another &quot;it&quot; would be just wrong anyway:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*No es culpa mía (de) eso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *It's not my fault (of) it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no es culpa mía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  It is not my fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if I applied that second rule rightly, the use of &quot;que&quot; were correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That raises the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which of the two rules cannot applied to this example? Which rule is 'incomplete', that is? (If I'm not mistaken, the first rules dismisses &quot;que&quot; as a conjunction altogether.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming that the &quot;less good rule&quot; is still generally true, how would you extend the rule to cover that case?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's correct in this very sentence anyway?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T08:59:04.620" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T08:59:04.620" Title="&quot;No es culpa mía (de) que ...&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;queísmo-dequeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11964" CreationDate="2015-02-03T19:54:16.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that your rules are good rules of thumb, but none could be declared an &amp;quot;ultimate&amp;quot; rule, since those are the &amp;quot;English&amp;quot; version for the Spanish &lt;em&gt;dequeísmo&lt;/em&gt; phenomenon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es culpa mía &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; estés enamorada de mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; is introducing a subordinate sentence with a subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es culpa mía que (&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;) estés enamorada de mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; is introducing one of these subordinate substantive sentences you don't use &amp;quot;de que&amp;quot;. The subject of a sentence is never preceded by a preposition. The second rule is incomplete. Is not enough that the &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; is a conjunction. It depends also on the sentence that is being introduced via the conjunction, or even the verb used in the first sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the correct version of that sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es culpa mía &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; estés enamorada de mi. (no preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best rules, of course are &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=vTr05If13D6tGOqCWV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the ones given by the language&lt;/a&gt;, since translating to another may not always do the trick. It doesn't just have to do with &amp;quot;that&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;with&amp;quot;. If you check the link you'll see that it has to do also with the verb (some &lt;em&gt;pronominal&lt;/em&gt; verbs would require the preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; in situations other verbs would not, such as &lt;em&gt;alegrarse&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;preocuparse&lt;/em&gt;. Other times it depends on a certain preposition that used with a given verb, such as &amp;quot;fijarse &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; que...&amp;quot; ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me alegro &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que estés bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que está bien (nunca Pienso &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; que está bien)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuida &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que mis plantas no se sequen (since you use the preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; with cuidar: Cuidar de un niño)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;RAE's rule of thumb&lt;/strong&gt; is actually different to the ones you provide (it is also available in the link, third point). They suggest to turn the sentence into a interrogative one. If the question needs to start with the preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; then you will use the &amp;quot;de que&amp;quot; construction instead of just &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué no es culpa mía? No es culpa mia que estés enamorada de mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would not ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De qué es culpa mía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De&lt;/strong&gt; qué se alegra? --&amp;gt; Se alegra &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que estés bien (you would never ask &amp;quot;qué se alegra&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué piensa? --&amp;gt; Piensa que ... (you would never ask &amp;quot;De qué piensa&amp;quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué plan quiere? (no &amp;quot;De qué plan quiere&amp;quot;) --&amp;gt;El plan que quiere es caro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T20:18:33.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11966" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11967" CreationDate="2015-02-04T02:58:11.043" Score="7" ViewCount="9530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always wondered what is the difference between 'coche' and 'carro'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done some googling on it but still can't understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain it and give me some examples please!! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:54:26.673" LastActivityDate="2019-04-13T12:37:28.817" Title="Difference between &quot;coche&quot; and &quot;carro&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11966" CreationDate="2015-02-04T03:11:03.077" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we favor &lt;code&gt;coche&lt;/code&gt; for a car, while a &lt;code&gt;carro&lt;/code&gt; is more like a four wheeled cart (similar to the word &lt;code&gt;carreta&lt;/code&gt;, which is a smaller, two wheeled cart), the one that would use horses or mules to pull it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oJUeJ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most Latin American countries the word &lt;code&gt;carro&lt;/code&gt; designates a car (automobile). It is just a regional difference. If &lt;code&gt;carro&lt;/code&gt; is used in Spain to designate an automobile the word is considered slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-04T03:16:11.410" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T03:16:11.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11948" CreationDate="2015-02-04T08:12:27.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first example (future) is definitely not correct. It will be correct if you truly know it won't rain: &quot;No lloverá mañana&quot;.&#xA;The second example is OK. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Futuro' and 'Subjuntivo' are types of different facets of the verbal construction:&#xA;'Futuro' indicates tense and 'Subjuntivo' indicates mode. &#xA;The future you are using is from the 'Indicativo' mode which deals with real word and certain events and thus it is not adequate for the &quot;possibility&quot; scenario you are trying to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can see a clarification of modes and tenses.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esfacil.eu/es/verbos/3-modos-y-tiempos-verbales-en-espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.esfacil.eu/es/verbos/3-modos-y-tiempos-verbales-en-espanol.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T08:12:27.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11970" CreationDate="2015-02-04T09:59:28.513" Score="3" ViewCount="10473" Body="&lt;p&gt;While browsing a few Spanish language forums today, I came across this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un amigo y yo estábamos comentando sobre una foto de nosotros en&#xA;  facebook - de hace tiempo... Otro amigo pensaba que quizás estábamos&#xA;  burlando de el... Es Mexicano y no quiero ofenderle.  ¿Puedo decirle -&#xA;  &quot;No te preocupes... solo es de vacilas!&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have always known &lt;strong&gt;vacilar&lt;/strong&gt; as Spanish for &quot;&lt;em&gt;to hesitate or waver&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; Now to even consider using &lt;strong&gt;vacilar&lt;/strong&gt; in the context mentioned above suggests it has some meaning I am not aware of. Does it? Does it mean &quot;&lt;em&gt;kidding&lt;/em&gt;&quot; by any chance? If so, how prevalent is the word in that sense? There are other words that mean &quot;&lt;em&gt;to kid&lt;/em&gt;&quot; more specifically...is &lt;strong&gt;vacilar&lt;/strong&gt; preferred over them when that's what one means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T12:44:27.460" LastActivityDate="2019-12-02T15:04:22.923" Title="Confused over &quot;vacilar&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11969" CreationDate="2015-02-04T10:37:01.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/vacilar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;vacilar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; also means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Engañar, tomar el pelo, burlarse o reírse de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in colloquial talking we would say &quot;vacilar&quot; to kind of cheat someone. I do not recall any other word with the same meaning (maybe &quot;engañar&quot;, but it has a bigger and more serious connotation), so this is probably the preferred one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are telling someone &quot;hey, yesterday I ran a marathon in 2.30 h!&quot; (a very, very good time). Then, the other can tell you &quot;Me estás vacilando, tú no estás tan en forma&quot; (you are teasing me, you are not that fit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T02:29:20.890" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11966" CreationDate="2015-02-04T12:42:17.250" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you come to &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;, you will notice that these words have very specific uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coche&lt;/strong&gt;: the one used for carry babies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carro&lt;/strong&gt;: which is used to buy in the supermarket (or Internet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both words can be used to refer to the train &lt;em&gt;wagons&lt;/em&gt;. None of them means &lt;em&gt;car&lt;/em&gt;, like in other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T12:42:17.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11969" CreationDate="2015-02-04T13:51:24.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that vacilar carries a connotation of being somehow &lt;em&gt;aggressively&lt;/em&gt; kidding someone, or making fun &lt;strong&gt;of&lt;/strong&gt;, more than &lt;strong&gt;with&lt;/strong&gt; them. I think that the meaning of &lt;code&gt;vacilar&lt;/code&gt; is closer to &lt;strong&gt;teasing&lt;/strong&gt; than to &lt;strong&gt;kidding&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, and this might be due to a regional variation, I would have said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No te preocupes... solo es de &lt;strong&gt;vacile&lt;/strong&gt;!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, you can &quot;&lt;em&gt;vacilar a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, someone &quot;&lt;em&gt;te vacila&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but you &quot;&lt;em&gt;estás de vacile&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (not &quot;&lt;em&gt;de vacilas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other ways of saying &quot;I'm kidding you&quot; could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te estoy tomando el pelo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy bromeando / Te estoy gastando una broma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy de &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=co%F1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these mean something closer to &quot;I'm joking / I'm kidding&quot; than &quot;I'm making fun of you / teasing you&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other ways to describe &quot;&lt;em&gt;vacilar a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tocar las narices / tocar los huevos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incordiar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, as you can see, have a more aggressive connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-18T02:31:21.220" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T02:31:21.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-04T18:31:26.340" Score="1" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that some of these forms are obsolete, but I would like to see examples for each one of them (how they were used before). Also point out which forms are used now instead of the old ones. Here are the examples that I've come up with so far. Maybe there are mistakes somewhere, corrections are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Indicativo.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Presente.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabaja hoy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabaja cada día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Imperfecto.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajaba cada día la semana pasada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El trabajaba cuando ella entró.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajó ayer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Futuro&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajará mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya ha trabajado hoy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se encontró con su amigo con quien había trabajado antes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dijo que el había trabajado cada día la semana pasada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubo trabajado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habrá trabajado con su amigo por el fin de semana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Presente&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella se alegra de que él trabaje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tiene un amigo que trabaje mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Imperfecto.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella le aconsejó que trabajara con su amigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si trabajara menos pudiera ser el hombre más feliz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabajase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Futuro&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trabajaré&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;haya trabajado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubiera trabajado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubiese trabajado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubiere trabajado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Condicional.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dijo que él trabajaría mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajaría con su amigo pero no tiene tiempo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tuvieras tiempo trabajarías con él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Condicional perfecto.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dijo que él habría trabajado con su amigo por el fin de semana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habría trabajado con su amigo por el fin de semana pero el amigo se había puesto enfermo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Imperativo.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Afirmativo.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabaja con su amigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Negativo.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No trabajes con él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8297" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T08:17:27.923" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T08:17:27.923" Title="Examples of use of each verb form" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-02-04T19:01:16.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Indicativo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito anterior.&#xA;      -hubo trabajado-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Someone has two tasks to do, but not time to complete them both. Lets say that he decides to work just two hours on each&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;hubo trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; por dos horas en la primera tarea, pasó a la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple.&#xA;      -trabajase-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le contraté para que &lt;strong&gt;trabajase&lt;/strong&gt; quitando las hierbas de mi jardín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Futuro.&#xA;      -trabajare-&#xA;(almost never used except in legal writings)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien no &lt;strong&gt;trabajare&lt;/strong&gt; satisfactoriamente será amonestado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current usage would be present subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien no &lt;strong&gt;trabaje&lt;/strong&gt; satisfactoriamente será amonestado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto.&#xA;      -haya trabajado-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le pagaré un 10% más a aquel que &lt;strong&gt;haya trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; barriendo el suelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto.&#xA;      -hubiese trabajado- -hubiera trabajado-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Al final del día) Si alguien &lt;strong&gt;hubiera/hubiese trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; hoy barriendo el suelo habría cobrado un 10% más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Futuro perfecto.&#xA;      -hubiere trabajado- &#xA;(almost never used except in legal writings)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Al comienzo del día) Al final del día de hoy, en caso de que alguien &lt;strong&gt;hubiere trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; barriendo el suelo, a esa persona se le pagará un 10% más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current usage would be Pretérito perfecto compuesto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al final del día de hoy, en caso de que alguien &lt;strong&gt;haya trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; barriendo el suelo, a esa persona se le pagará un 10% más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2015-02-04T23:07:07.733" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T23:07:07.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2015-02-05T03:04:56.337" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;De nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; purely means, &quot;you're welcome&quot;, but not literally. &lt;em&gt;&quot;No hay de qué&quot;&lt;/em&gt; more directly translates to, &quot;It's my pleasure.&quot; This is what I have gathered from just several years in learning Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8438" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T12:00:04.797" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T12:00:04.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2015-02-05T15:29:11.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I had a job in a restaurant we used to say: &quot;Estoy atrás&quot;, to indicate that we had to pass but they are in front of us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8440" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T16:46:03.483" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T16:46:03.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-02-05T21:00:23.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reflexive pronouns work with a reflexive verb to indicate that a person is performing the action toward or for him- or herself.The subject is performing the action on him- or herself, making the object of the verb, the same as the subject. Compare these two sentences in which one is reflexive and one is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wash myself. (Me lavo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wash the dog. (Lavo el perro.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, myself is the object of wash. In the second sentence, the dog is the object of wash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the object of the verb is the same person as the subject, you will need to use a reflexive pronoun that matches the subject of the verb in both number (singular, plural) and person (1st, 2nd, 3rd).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T21:00:23.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-02-05T21:23:34.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that there are two &lt;em&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfectos&lt;/em&gt;. The one you have is the compuesto form. There is also a simple form which is identical to the -ra form of the past imperfect subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T21:23:34.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-02-05T22:13:26.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;as all people say, this is a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/verbo_%20pronominal.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/a&gt;&quot; as (me, te, se, nos, os) and you need to think all that as a family... I will give you some examples... I hope this help you...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example this is the same action but performed by different people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esta mañana me puse calcetines &#xA;Esta mañana Maria me puso calcetines&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also the &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; can be used  as a suggestion.....  for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a obligation  (you must do this):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vea el artículo en la página 31 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as suggestion (you should do this.. but you can decide):  (in this case you can decide if you want more information or not... if you want then you should see the new article&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Véase el artículo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also you can add some aditional verb.. for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a obligation  (you must do this): for example your mom say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;usted debe levantarse  (as a order)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as suggestion (you should do this.. but you can decide): for example your mom say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;usted deberia levantarse &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a obligation  (you must do this): for example your doctor say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Usted no debe comer pizza antes de dormir (as a order)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as suggestion (you should do this.. but you can decide): for example your mom say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;usted no debería comerse esa pizza antes de dormir&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8443" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T22:13:26.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11986" CreationDate="2015-02-05T22:29:21.057" Score="1" ViewCount="629" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between 'guardar' and 'conservar'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both mean 'to keep' and 'to preserve'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:52:44.773" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T09:52:44.773" Title="Difference between &quot;guardar&quot; and &quot;conservar&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2015-02-06T00:07:02.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They both serve the same function and the difference is a matter of style/nuance. In English, you might say one of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you're welcome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;my pleasure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of course&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or any number of other variations. In Spanish you'll find the same is true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no hay de qué&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;faltaría más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2135" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T22:36:11.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11989" CreationDate="2015-02-06T01:19:13.367" Score="0" ViewCount="831" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;code&gt;cierto&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;verdad&lt;/code&gt;? I know that they both mean &quot;Correct&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T10:20:14.847" Title="Difference between Verdad and Cierto" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-02-06T15:53:27.707" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11982" CreationDate="2015-02-06T01:45:55.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, as a rule of thumb, people would use &lt;code&gt;guardar&lt;/code&gt; for objects, tangible things. &lt;code&gt;Conservar&lt;/code&gt; would be used for food or more abstract entities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He guardado mis calcetines en ese cajón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La comida se conserva mejor (se mantiene por más tiempo) si la guardas (metes/pones) en el frigorífico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todavía guarda la medalla que le dio su madre hace 30 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lleva trabajando aquí 30 años y todavía conserva la ilusión del primer día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be some exceptions to this rule of thumb, of course:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuéntamelo todo. No te guardes ningún secreto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este cuadro del Siglo X se conserva perfectamente. Posiblemente porque lo guardamos en uan bóveda aclimatada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in some contexts you could use one or the other indistinctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes que guardar fuerzas para el último tramo de la carrera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes que conservar tus fuerzas para usarlas en el último tramo de la carrera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guardo buenos recuerdos de aquel viaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conservo buenos recuerdos de aquel viaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T01:59:58.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2705" CreationDate="2015-02-06T10:12:39.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/verdad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Verdad&lt;/a&gt; is a noun, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cierto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cierto&lt;/a&gt; is an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, they can be used almost interchangeably. Just make sure the syntax is correct for the type of word you're using ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto // Es la verdad // Es verdad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que... // La verdad es que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto lo que dices // Es verdad lo que dices...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, some constructs will only appear one way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dime la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, &lt;code&gt;cierto&lt;/code&gt; is basically identical to &lt;code&gt;verdadero&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2135" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T10:12:39.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10580" CreationDate="2015-02-06T10:15:28.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other answers are quite good, I would add that you could simply say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás molestando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context should make it clear that you're creating difficulty by being in the way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2135" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T10:15:28.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11985" CreationDate="2015-02-06T10:20:14.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cierto&lt;/code&gt; is an adjective and one of its definitions according to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Known as true,...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;; so its meaning is &lt;em&gt;right&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Verdad&lt;/code&gt; is a noun and stands as &lt;em&gt;truth&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In day to day conversations, they are exchangeable as when you say &quot;es verdad&quot; you are actually telling &quot;it is true&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8446" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T10:20:14.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-02-06T11:14:42.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with all the answers about the 'se' particle and the reflexive use of verbs. This is the general usage/meaning of it. &#xA;But I'm afraid the particular case the OP is asking for is a very specific usage that only applies to 'comer' and 'beber' (probably there are more cases that I can't remember now). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can think of a truly reflexive use of 'comer': &quot;Juan se come las uñas&quot; (Juan eats his own nails) but the common use of 'se' + 'comer'/'beber' is to indicate a specific object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: &quot;Juan bebio vino&quot; --&gt; vino is used as an uncountable and generic object. The meaning of this sentence is to express that Juan drank wine instead of water, beer, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: &quot;Juan se bebio una botella de vino&quot; --&gt; Now you have a countable and specific object&quot;. This sentence have more weight on the quantity Juan drank which is very well defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the OP examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha andado el camino de la muerte en Bolivia. (He walked the death&#xA;road in Bolivia): Grammaticaly it is correct as it is. However, a more idiomatic way of saying it will be. &quot;Ha hecho el camino de la muerte en Bolivia&quot; (hacer may mean he walked the road or he actually built it, but it should be clear from the context)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha hecho la casa en la que vive por él mismo. (He made his house by himself): This is interesting. I will say: &quot;Se ha hecho la casa en la que vive&quot; in that sentence the reflexive 'se' implies he did it by himself and for himself.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él ha conseguido el premio nobel de física en 2010. (He got the Novel prize of physics in 2010). This one is perfectly fine as it is. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T11:14:42.717" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11982" CreationDate="2015-02-06T12:54:22.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my perspective as a user (I'm Chilean), when the action does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; involve maintaining something in good condition over time, then use only &amp;quot;guardar&amp;quot;. For example, if your child socks are lying on the floor you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hijo, por favor guarda tus calcetines. [Right]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hijo, por favor conserva tus calcetines. [Wrong]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if your intention is to keep something &amp;quot;fresh&amp;quot; over time (food, memories, machines) you need use &amp;quot;conservar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este líquido refrigerante te permite conservar mejor el motor. [Right]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este líquido refrigerante te permite guardar mejor el motor. [Wrong]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extrapolating, we can say that &lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt; is to save in space, and &lt;em&gt;conservar&lt;/em&gt; is to maintain over time. However, both words usually are synonymous when this distinction is not necessary, or considering that things which are conserved in time &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; saved in places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T13:48:27.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11982" CreationDate="2015-02-06T15:04:13.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my 2 year experience in Mexico, those two are never used in the same context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Guardar&quot; is used very frequently and it means &quot;To keep&quot; or &quot;To put away&quot; something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me puedes guardar esto por favor? (Hasta que regrese)&#xA;  Translation: Could you keep that for me please? (Until I come back)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Conservar,&quot; on the other hand, means to &quot;To keep/maintain something as is.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Queremos conservar eso así. (Una regla, una ley, un artículo, etc.)&#xA;  Translation: We want to keep that like it is. (A rule, a law, an article, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8450" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T15:33:37.343" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T15:33:37.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11994" CreationDate="2015-02-06T15:50:51.863" Score="2" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/advertir#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, una definición de «advertir» es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to notice something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/advertir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; no dice lo mismo, o por lo menos no en esos terminos.  ¿Se equivoca Wiktionary?  Sí no, me puede dar un ejemplo de como usar «advertir» en el sentido de «to notice something»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T17:06:21.467" Title="¿Es verdad que «advertir» puede significar «to notice something»?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11993" CreationDate="2015-02-06T16:06:21.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, puede tener también ese significado. La acepción de ‘poner algo en conocimiento de alguien’, es mucho más común que la otra, pero incluso en la explicación del link que incluyes en la pregunta se puede ver que uno de los significados es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijar en algo la atención, &lt;strong&gt;reparar, observar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede resultar un poco más claro en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=y4HMJ3r3wD6MrVMLgg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra entrada&lt;/a&gt;, que explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando significa ‘darse cuenta [de algo] o reparar [en algo]’, es transitivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, &lt;code&gt;advertir&lt;/code&gt; puede significar &amp;quot;darse cuenta de algo / to notice something&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/advirti%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta otra web&lt;/a&gt; proporciona un par de ejemplos muy ilustrativos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada más llegar, &lt;strong&gt;advirtieron&lt;/strong&gt; que no eran bien recibidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la imagen de la fotografía &lt;strong&gt;advertimos&lt;/strong&gt; una gran variedad de efectos cromáticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T17:06:21.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="82" CreationDate="2015-02-06T22:02:38.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The accepted translation (other than in financial situations: redicion de cuentas) seems to be responsabilidad. The difficulty is that, in English, accountability implies that you are responsible to an outside authority for making sure what you are doing is being done correctly or according to set requirements, or that it gets completed. To add this implication of the English word in Spanish (in translations if or where it may be considered necessary for clarity) we would have to say something like, &quot;responsabilidad ante alguien&quot;, or &quot;ante...&quot; (and maybe indicate who the agency or authority is). I would not say culpabilidad because being accountable does not imply guilt or that anything has been or is being done wrong and even if it is something bad, responsabilidad is still used, as in the example of &quot;liability insurance&quot;, which is translated as &quot;seguro de responsabilidad civil&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8452" LastEditorUserId="8452" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T22:08:43.937" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T22:08:43.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11997" CreationDate="2015-02-07T00:44:33.700" Score="2" ViewCount="2482" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considere estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque no estudie, haré el examen.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque no haya estudiado, haré el examen.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primera lengua es el inglés, pero ya sé mucho español, aunque todavía me falta entender bien los temas avanzados como estos. Yo pregunté a mi maestra (de español) y ella me explicó, pero no entendí bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando una explicación detallada de las diferencias entre las dos frases y, también en general, cómo usar las dos diferentes formaciones de subjuntivo con futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que es muy difícil explicar el subjuntivo, especialmente a alguien que habla inglés, porque no existe el subjuntivo en ese idioma. La respuesta podría ser en inglés o español, yo puedo leer bien los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T13:58:46.703" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia en el significado del presente y pretérito perfecto simple del subjuntivo en combinación con el futuro?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11996" CreationDate="2015-02-07T01:09:55.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, no está en cuestión el subjuntivo, sino el aspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando dices &lt;em&gt;haya estudiado&lt;/em&gt;, la interpretación es que cualquier estudio que hayas hecho habría ocurrido antes del momento de la oración. Es algo que escucharás, por ejemplo, cuando ya viene el examen pronto y se supone que no queda tiempo para estudiar más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que queda casi completamente en desuso el futuro del subjuntivo, &lt;em&gt;estudie&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos interpretaciones temporales — del presente y del futuro. En este caso, significa los estudios que quizás estés haciendo o los que podrás realizar en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás estarás ahora preguntando si hay alguna forma de representar el futuro perfecto (los estudios que realices antes del examen, sin respecto a ahora), ya que &lt;em&gt;estudie&lt;/em&gt; contempla el presente y el futuro en el español moderno. En este caso, a menos que quieras decir algo performal como &lt;em&gt;hubiere estudiado&lt;/em&gt;, tanto como &lt;em&gt;estudie&lt;/em&gt; es el sustituto moderno de &lt;em&gt;estudiare&lt;/em&gt;, lo es &lt;em&gt;haya estudiado&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;hubiere estudiado&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como podemos distinguir el uso, entonces, entre el &lt;em&gt;haya estudiado&lt;/em&gt; que representa solo los estudios de antes de ahora, y el &lt;em&gt;haya estudiado&lt;/em&gt; que representa todos los que vienen antes del examen? Desafortunadamente, la respuesta es un sencillo «contexto».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T01:09:55.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-02-07T02:41:33.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to quote from &quot;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&quot; by Butt and Benjamin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One optional function of the pronominal form of some transitive verbs is to emphasize the totality of an act of consuming, perceiving or knowing. Thus one says &lt;em&gt;como pizza&lt;/em&gt; (no quantity specified), but optionally--though usually--&lt;em&gt;me comí una pizza&lt;/em&gt;. The verb must have a direct object which must refer to a specific item or quantity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;em&gt;beberse&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comerse&lt;/em&gt; (and there are other verbs that can be used this way) the meaning is that the object was completely ate or drank up. That's why it requires a direct object with this meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as completely being able to understand all the uses of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, and by that I mean all pronominal verbs, it may take some time and study. The same book quoted above lists eight different constructions for pronominal verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reflexive - where the subject both does and receives the action of the verb&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  reciprocal - this is only with plural subjects, where the action is done to each other&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  intransitive - Se abrío la puerta.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  se de matización - This varies with the verb, but can indicate a subtle change of meaning from the non-pronominal form&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  total consumption - that's the example with beberse and comerse&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  passive se - Se contruyó el puente.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  special construction - Se arrestró a dos personas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  impersonal - En España se vive bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7173" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T02:41:33.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11999" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12002" CreationDate="2015-02-07T09:00:54.257" Score="2" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas leen nuestras cartas. =  They read our letters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why in the above sentence we cannot put &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuestros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuestras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the grammatical rule that makes it nuestras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly in the other sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestras gatas beben leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why cannot it be nuestros in both the sentences above and in what case nuestros apply?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T14:19:05.427" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T14:19:05.427" Title="Question on possesives" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11999" CreationDate="2015-02-07T10:58:55.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nuestras is &quot;femenine&quot; and Nuestros is &quot;masculine&quot;. So in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas leen nuestras cartas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cartas is femenine so should nuestras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestras gatas beben leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;gatas means female cats, but if you want male cats would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestros gatos beben leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that it changes the gender of the cats too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1929" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T10:58:55.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11999" CreationDate="2015-02-07T16:53:37.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; gatos blanc&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt;  (masculine, plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; gata blanc&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; (feminine, singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, gender agreement is not always need in the possessive and numbers, since usually no male / female distinction, &lt;strong&gt;except in nuestro/nuestra&lt;/strong&gt;, which does make the distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, possessive adjectives list is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi (mi gato, mi gata) [my]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis (mis gatos, mis gatas) [my]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu (tu gato, tu gata) [your (of @AaKASH)]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tus (tus gatos, tus gatas) [your (of @AaKASH)]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Su (su gato, su gata) [his, her, its, your (of @AaKASH and friends), their]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sus (sus gatos, sus gatas) [his, her, its, your (of @AaKASH and friends), their]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuestro (nuestro gato) [our]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuestra (nuestra gata) [our]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuestros (nuestros gatos) [our]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuestras (nuestras gatas) [our]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also considers that plural male (mis gatos, tus gatos, sus gatos, nuestros gatos) can be used to refer only to males or couples or groups of male and female cats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the male / female difference also exists in the second person (vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras). In Latin America this adjective does not exist and instead form &lt;em&gt;su  - sus&lt;/em&gt; is repeated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T16:53:37.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12006" CreationDate="2015-02-07T18:13:33.090" Score="2" ViewCount="1558" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the lyrics of &lt;a href=&quot;http://open.spotify.com/track/3edelsDfS4FW5vZp6J06Zc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a song&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y lo que más me gusta de ti&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   es como tú pronuncias mi nombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is correct here, &quot;como&quot; with or without accent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T02:04:58.693" Title="Doubt over using &quot;como&quot; or &quot;cómo&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12004" CreationDate="2015-02-07T23:31:52.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cómo&lt;/code&gt; (actually, not only &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;em&gt;qué, cuál/es, quién/es, cuán, cuánto/a/os/as, cuándo, dónde and adónde&lt;/em&gt;) has the accent when it is an interrogative or exclamative pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo dijo que se llama?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cómo ha subido la gasolina!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cómo has crecido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo vamos a llegar hasta allí sin coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They don't have the accent when they have a different function, which for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=s3kpSlOhuD6v706948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;como&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (without an accent) means to be used as an adverb. Since in the example it has the function of a modal adverb (has the meaning of &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;la manera en que&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; / &amp;quot;the way in which&amp;quot;) it doesn't need the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta como pronuncias mi nombre (Me gusta la manera en que pronuncias mi nombre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manera como canta Juan no me gusta. Suena como un gato aullando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta su acento. Suena como Antonio Banderas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/tilde-en-que-cuales-quienes-como-cuan-cuantoaosas-cuando-donde-y-adonde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=NRljHeeb2D6KmUqa9B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other&lt;/a&gt; if you want to compare more usages of &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T02:04:58.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-08T04:37:10.983" Score="2" ViewCount="1489" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un artículo de wikipedia venía esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo llama:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero para mí es más común decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le llama:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se está hablando de cómo se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; llama a un derivado de leche quemada en diferentes países (Dulce de leche, cajeta, arequipe etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, lo más natural es usar &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; y sé que existen diferencias de uso, lo noto sobre todo con libros impresos en España, creía que eran simples diferencias regionales sin gran trasfondo más que costumbre por usar uno u otro. Edité el artículo y puse &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;, después deshicieron mi corrección y agregaron un comentario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, es una cosa: &quot;lo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me deja pensando que el uso de &quot;le&quot; y &quot;lo&quot; tiene un significado específico, ¿podrían explicarme a que se refiere con que es una cosa y en qué países existe esta diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-10T23:46:00.850" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T23:46:00.850" Title="¿Uso de lo y le por país?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2015-02-08T05:16:40.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=llamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hoy se recomienda el uso de los pronombres &lt;em&gt;lo(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la(s)&lt;/em&gt;, pues el complemento que expresa la persona o cosa nombrada funciona como sujeto en la construcción pasiva: &lt;em&gt;La niña fue llamada Juana&lt;/em&gt;; a esto se añade que el complemento predicativo, que es el que expresa el nombre o calificativo aplicado, solo puede referirse gramaticalmente a un sujeto o a un complemento directo, nunca a un complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mismo artículo también reconocen que ambas formas se usaron y se siguen usando hoy en día:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya desde los orígenes el español vaciló entre usar en este caso las formas de dativo &lt;em&gt;le(s)&lt;/em&gt; o las de acusativo &lt;em&gt;lo(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l(a)s&lt;/em&gt;, vacilación que se ha mantenido hasta la época actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a quien te dijo &quot;es una cosa&quot;, se refiere a lo siguiente, descripto en la entrada sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a su extensión entre hablantes cultos y escritores de prestigio, se admite el uso de &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en función de complemento directo cuando el referente es una &#xA;  persona de sexo masculino &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El leísmo no se admite de ningún modo en la norma culta cuando el referente es inanimado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas maneras, como se ve en el primer artículo, esta regla no se aplica en el caso de este verbo en particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España a la papa &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; llaman patata&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es una frase considerada &quot;inculta&quot; por la RAE, aunque se prefiera la forma con &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T05:16:40.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-08T07:12:51.723" Score="1" ViewCount="26822" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came to know from the duolingo application that Que means what. And is an interrogative sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;What is the question?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates to Spanish as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuál es la pregunta?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Qué es la pregunta?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T22:41:01.143" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T22:41:01.143" Title="Difference between &quot;Que&quot; and &quot;cual&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-10T22:42:13.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12010" CreationDate="2015-02-08T12:28:44.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuál es la pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;You asking basically what's the question.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qué es la pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;In other cases could have sense, but not here.&#xA;For example: What is this?&#xA;Would be: Qué es esto? (&quot;Cuál es esto&quot; doesn't exist)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated in English would be as you say &quot;What is the question&quot; both, with the difference that the first has sense and the second doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8403" LastEditorUserId="8403" LastEditDate="2015-02-08T14:18:05.020" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T14:18:05.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12010" CreationDate="2015-02-08T13:43:22.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be hard to pick up on the nuances of this issue. &lt;strong&gt;Cuál&lt;/strong&gt; means 'Which' (as in &lt;em&gt;which one&lt;/em&gt;?), and is usually the right word to use when followed by 'to be', as in &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es la pregunta?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; is used when immediately followed by the noun, as in &lt;em&gt;¿Qué pregunta tienes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T13:43:22.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12010" CreationDate="2015-02-08T13:48:22.997" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué es la pregunta?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; does not make sense in Spanish. It can be understood as &quot;&lt;em&gt;what is the definition of the question?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but grammatically sounds bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I paste a graph showing the difference between &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt;. (I don't know the source, only found among my docs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YZHX5.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-08T14:01:24.927" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T14:01:24.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2015-02-08T14:46:34.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, el uso de &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; induce a muchas personas a confusión. Entre ellas, la que revirtió tu cambio en la Wikipedia. En este caso, el objeto directo es lo que venga después de los dos puntos; el pronombre en discordia es el objeto indirecto y, por tanto, solo puede ser &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, independientemente de su género o de si se refiere a persona o cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según cómo sea la frase completa, también podemos considerar que ese pronombre es redundante y eliminarlo por completo, o reescribirla para que este objeto indirecto pase a ser sujeto, con lo que puede quedar una oración más natural sin el pronombre. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;En los distintos países, este tipo de postre se llama:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T14:46:34.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2015-02-08T22:27:54.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tenía entendido que &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; es acusativo y &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; es dativo. La confusión me parece que viene del uso de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; para el objeto directo, lo cual confunde a mucha gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esperamos a tu hermano. -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lo esperamos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7269" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T22:27:54.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T01:47:28.253" Score="2" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was important to flatter my teachers if I wanted to get good grades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's difficult to translate because it is sorta like a double subjunctive sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue importante que yo adulara mis profesoras si yo quisiera una nota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about the if clause&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T20:00:57.983" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T15:25:10.943" Title="El imperfecto de subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12016" CreationDate="2015-02-09T02:40:27.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era importante adular a los profesores si querías buenas notas. &lt;sub&gt; It was important to flatter my teachers if you wanted to get good grades. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No need of subjunctive. You are just explaining how things were in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sería importante adular a los profesores si quisiera buenas notas. &lt;sub&gt; It &lt;strong&gt;would&lt;/strong&gt; be important to flatter my teachers if I wanted to get good grades. (Which is, I believe, 2nd conditional)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are using subjunctive here, in the sense of &quot;if I cared about getting good grades&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="8422" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T15:25:10.943" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T15:25:10.943" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2252" CreationDate="2015-02-09T05:49:22.447" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard it as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Despacio con calma gana la carrera. (Slow with calmness wins the race)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8465" LastEditorUserId="8465" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T19:03:37.400" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T19:03:37.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2252" CreationDate="2015-02-09T13:48:09.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; is very common the expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;despacito por las piedras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is an evolution of the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irse despacio por las piedras [go slowly through the stones]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but usually the verb is omitted and the diminutive &amp;quot;despacito&amp;quot; is used instead &amp;quot;despacio&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Me gusta mucho esa mina. [I like that girl]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡Qué bien! Pero despacito por las piedras... [Well, but take it slow]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T13:48:09.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12022" CreationDate="2015-02-09T16:55:45.637" Score="2" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that &quot;work&quot; is a lot more versatile than &quot;trabajar.&quot;  &lt;em&gt;Trabajar&lt;/em&gt; is used to describe physical actions, such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The man is working. -- El hombre está trabajando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what if I wanted to use work as a noun, such as saying &quot;I would like have a meeting to share our work with Juan&quot;, would it be appropriate to use &lt;em&gt;trabajo&lt;/em&gt; here, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reunión para hablar de nuestro trabajo con Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T17:10:35.563" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T17:10:35.563" Title="Discuss our Work with Juan?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12020" CreationDate="2015-02-09T17:06:55.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the meeting is for talk about &lt;strong&gt;Juan's job&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(work position or some stuff related to him)&lt;/em&gt; the translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustaría tener una reunión para compartir nuestro trabajo con Juan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence &lt;em&gt;IMO&lt;/em&gt;, the word &lt;em&gt;trabajo&lt;/em&gt; works as a noun here too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T17:06:55.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12020" CreationDate="2015-02-09T17:07:09.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you got it right. You can use &lt;code&gt;trabajo&lt;/code&gt; in the context of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría tener una reunión para hablar de nuestro &lt;strong&gt;trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; con Juan? &lt;sub&gt; I would like have a meeting to share our &lt;strong&gt;work&lt;/strong&gt; with Juan &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Trabajo&lt;/code&gt; is the action of doing some work, its result, or even the job itself. You can also use &amp;quot;empleo&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;job&amp;quot;, but at least in Spain people favor &lt;code&gt;trabajo&lt;/code&gt; to describe a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría tener una reunión para explicarle a Juan en qué consiste su nuevo &lt;strong&gt;trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; I would like have a meeting to explain Juan in what consists his new &lt;strong&gt;job&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Trabajar&lt;/code&gt; is a verb. You are right when you say it describes the action of doing work, but it doesn't need to be &lt;em&gt;physical&lt;/em&gt; work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente he encontrado un nuevo trabajo (empleo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este documento es mi trabajo de fin de carrera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuidar de un bebé es mucho trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te felicito. Has hecho un buen trabajo con este proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T17:07:09.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12030" CreationDate="2015-02-09T19:14:04.717" Score="10" ViewCount="1905" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of the game industry, engagement is the voluntary act of a person to participate in an experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I translate this word into Spanish? The Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engagement&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; page for engagement says that this word can be used in Spanish, but is it correct to use it in scientific research?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following translations don't mean the same as engagement to a game:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;compromiso&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;obligación&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;contrato&lt;/code&gt;: it's not an obligatory activity; it's an action that a person wants to perform.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;cita&lt;/code&gt;: it's not a relationship between two people; it's an activity between a person and a computer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Through a consistent and insightful approach to teaching, dynamic&#xA;  learning will be assured within this very important aspect of engaging&#xA;  the nursing student within the learning process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8467" LastEditorUserId="9685" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T13:39:16.513" LastActivityDate="2020-08-27T11:06:51.837" Title="How to translate engagement" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12023" CreationDate="2015-02-09T19:36:45.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have understood that &lt;strong&gt;enganchamiento&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;hook&lt;/em&gt;) is said, but these neologisms never have a very long life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my work environment &lt;strong&gt;involucramiento&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;involvement&lt;/em&gt;) is used, and it seems an acceptable translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T19:36:45.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T04:38:12.883" Score="2" ViewCount="2401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to express, &quot;I smoked some pork spare ribs this past weekend,&quot; in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried looking up smoking meats in the Spanish dictionary and often I get &lt;code&gt;fumar&lt;/code&gt; (to smoke), &lt;code&gt;asar&lt;/code&gt; (bbq), or &lt;code&gt;ahumar&lt;/code&gt;. Which of the aforementioned verbs are used in reference to smoking meat?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to say &quot;to smoke meat&quot;? Is there a correct verb that translates that more correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T22:34:37.280" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T01:20:06.853" Title="how does one translate &quot;smoking meat&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T06:02:47.377" Score="6" ViewCount="22047" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both verbs &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; both are translated as &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the rules that distinguish the use of one verb over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T04:47:57.637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T22:37:26.637" Title="What are the differences between &quot;tener&quot; and &quot;haber&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12026" CreationDate="2015-02-10T09:58:02.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haber&lt;/strong&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;to be in possession of&lt;/em&gt; is not really used anymore. However, &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;to be obliged to&lt;/em&gt; is equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan tiene que ir al médico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan ha de ir al médico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I would say that the second sentence is more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; is mainly used to conjugate other verbs, or meaning &lt;em&gt;to exist&lt;/em&gt; as explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article by the RAE.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T10:49:54.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12025" CreationDate="2015-02-10T10:05:12.390" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct word is &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=ahumar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ahumar&lt;/strong&gt; in its 3rd entry.&lt;/a&gt; For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un ahumador experimentado sabe cómo ahumar costillas de cerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:36:00.397" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T10:05:12.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12023" CreationDate="2015-02-10T10:08:46.270" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an added note, although &lt;strong&gt;involucrarse&lt;/strong&gt; is used, as was pointed out before, another option is &lt;strong&gt;implicarse&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El grado de implicación de las personas en los objetivos de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="9685" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T15:43:54.760" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T15:43:54.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-02-10T13:08:20.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Indicativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene un amigo que &lt;strong&gt;trabaja&lt;/strong&gt; mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trabajas&lt;/strong&gt; demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo &lt;strong&gt;trabajaba&lt;/strong&gt; en esa empresa, no había horario intensivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos conocimos cuando &lt;strong&gt;trabajábamos&lt;/strong&gt; en la panadería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trabajé&lt;/strong&gt; cada día la semana pasada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;trabajó&lt;/strong&gt; ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro simple&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana &lt;strong&gt;trabajaré&lt;/strong&gt; solo el sábado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trabajará&lt;/strong&gt; mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; demasiado este mes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Has trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; alguna vez con esta aplicación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella dijo que él &lt;strong&gt;había trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; cada día la semana pasada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pregunté si &lt;strong&gt;habías trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; con él y me mentiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito anterior (en desuso)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;hube trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente, me fui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently replaced by the &lt;strong&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/strong&gt; tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto &lt;strong&gt;trabajé&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente, me fui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tú te jubiles, yo &lt;strong&gt;habré trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; sólo diez años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contando el próximo sábado, &lt;strong&gt;habrá trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; todos los fines de semana de este mes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Presente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que ella &lt;strong&gt;trabaje&lt;/strong&gt; más horas dependerá del sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella se alegra de que él &lt;strong&gt;trabaje&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que &lt;strong&gt;hayas trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; de camarero no quiere decir que sepas servir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ojala &lt;strong&gt;haya trabajado&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenían pensado casarse en cuanto &lt;strong&gt;trabajasen&lt;/strong&gt; los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiese trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; más, le habrían subido el sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiésemos trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; mejor, habrían comprado mejor equipamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro simple (en desuso)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquellos que &lt;strong&gt;trabajaren&lt;/strong&gt; el fin de semana, serán premiados con días libres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quien &lt;strong&gt;trabajare&lt;/strong&gt; de menos, será castigado con la suspensión de empleo y sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently mostly used only in legal texts and replaced by the &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt; tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquellos que &lt;strong&gt;trabajen&lt;/strong&gt; el fin de semana, serán premiados con días libres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Futuro perfecto (en desuso)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los que &lt;strong&gt;hubieren trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; el fin de semana, serán premiados con días libres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el empleado &lt;strong&gt;hubiere trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses, el período de prueba habrá finalizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with the previous tense, it's mostly used only in legal texts and replaced by the &lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el empleado &lt;strong&gt;haya trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses, el período de prueba habrá finalizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Condicional&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional simple&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pedro &lt;strong&gt;trabajaría&lt;/strong&gt; más si le subiesen el sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con mejor equipamiento, &lt;strong&gt;trabajaríamos&lt;/strong&gt; mucho mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Condicional perfecto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si le hubiesen subido el sueldo, Pedro &lt;strong&gt;habría trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; mejor y no le hubiesen despedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habríamos trabajado&lt;/strong&gt; más si hubiésemos tenido mejor equipamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Imperativo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Afirmativo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trabajad&lt;/strong&gt; más y cobraréis más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Trabaja&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Negativo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No trabajéis&lt;/strong&gt; más, que no vais a cobrar más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;No trabajes&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T16:44:51.297" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-02-10T18:13:26.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12026" CreationDate="2015-02-10T14:06:06.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can translate &quot;tener&quot; as to have but I think translating &quot;haber&quot; the same way is far from being the best option. &#xA;&quot;Haber&quot; has quite a few usages and &quot;to have&quot; is the least common (the RAE list it as obsolete &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=5ra5cGATFDXX2hZam4lB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=5ra5cGATFDXX2hZam4lB&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main uses of &quot;haber&quot; are as an auxiliary verb for compound verbal constructions and the other is to indicate existence in impersonal sentences (without subject). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first usage may be translated as &quot;have&quot; but only auxiliary cases like &quot;See what you have done&quot; &quot;I have had my breakfast&quot;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second usage can be translated as &quot;there + to be&quot;: There are three dogs in that house --&gt; &quot;Hay tres perros en esa casa&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastEditorUserId="7085" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T15:02:50.440" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T15:02:50.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11996" CreationDate="2015-02-10T15:00:37.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are not satisfied with the traditional explanation, let me try to give one that is more visual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets define four moments in time : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;t0: when the sentence is said&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;t1: time the sentence is referring to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ts: study period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te: exam period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your first construction ('estudie') can mean the orders: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;t0-&gt;t1-&gt;ts-&gt;te or &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;t0-&gt;ts-&gt;t1-&gt;te&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second ('haya estudiado') can mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;t0-&gt;ts-&gt;t1-&gt;te or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ts-&gt;t0-&gt;t1-&gt;te&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that in one case both sentences are equivalent (when the sentence is said before the study period and refers to the moment between the study period and the exam) but if you want to convey any of the other meanings you must use the correct one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T15:00:37.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12037" CreationDate="2015-02-10T15:38:47.980" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English the plural of &lt;em&gt;duo&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;duos&lt;/em&gt;. However, I am not sure in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked in the DRAE that is the most famous dictionary in Spanish and I did not find the plural. Then, I am not sure if duos in Spanish is &lt;code&gt;dúo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;dúos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google and linguee.es translate &lt;em&gt;duos&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;dúos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I forgot to say that I believe that this is an important question because Wikipedia says &quot;Los Dúo is a studio album released by Juan Gabriel on February 10, 2015.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, it seems that the company of the famous Mexican singer Juan Gabriel made a big mistake using for plural &lt;code&gt;dúo&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;dúos.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8475" LastEditorUserId="8475" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T03:08:14.813" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T03:08:14.813" Title="How do you translate duos to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12035" CreationDate="2015-02-10T15:55:42.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The plural of &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/d%C3%BAo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dúo&lt;/a&gt; is dúos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un dúo de guitarras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varios dúos de guitarras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T15:55:42.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12035" CreationDate="2015-02-10T15:57:02.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That word has nothing special and its plural is formed using the common rules:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See these examples of usage (dúos):  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:D%C3%BAos_de_m%C3%BAsica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:D%C3%BAos_de_m%C3%BAsica&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.movistar.com.pe/internet/trios-y-duos/duos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.movistar.com.pe/internet/trios-y-duos/duos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastEditorUserId="7085" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T16:09:28.897" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T16:09:28.897" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4303" CreationDate="2015-02-10T16:13:01.023" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo coincido con que orto es sinónimo de recto, en la alusión anatómica a la última parte del intestino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Orto es un radical derivado del griego &lt;em&gt;orthos&lt;/em&gt;, que significa recto, derecho, estricto, canónico...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es común encontrarlo en palabras compuestas como ortofonista, ortodoxo, ortografía, ortodoncia, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy porteño (de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina) y allí orto se traduce literalmente como culo, es un término mundano y popular, que se refiere mas bien al ano que a las nalgas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo usamos en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me rompieron el orto&lt;/strong&gt;, por me cobraron muy caro &lt;em&gt;(fuimos a un restaurante y nos rompieron el orto, pagamos €500)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te voy a romper (o partir) el orto&lt;/strong&gt;, como amenaza física &lt;em&gt;(si volvés a mirar a mi novia te rompo el orto)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nos caímos de orto&lt;/strong&gt;, por nos sorprendimos &lt;em&gt;(nos dijo que está embarazada, y nos caímos de orto)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer algo como el orto&lt;/strong&gt; es hacer algo muy mal &lt;em&gt;(esta pared está pintada como el orto)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tener cara de orto&lt;/strong&gt;, es tener cara de enojado &lt;em&gt;(que te pasa que tenés esa cara de orto?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar como el orto&lt;/strong&gt;, es estar mal &lt;em&gt;(estoy como el orto, mi novia me dejó)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meter algo en el orto&lt;/strong&gt;, como amenaza &lt;em&gt;(si seguís tocando la guitarra te la voy a meter en el orto)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8477" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T16:54:06.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T18:16:36.837" Score="4" ViewCount="2887" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of conjugation is it when a verb ends in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;-ed&quot;, such as &quot;tened,&quot; &quot;ved,&quot; or &quot;coged&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it make the word mean/how is it used (in what context)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Just for the record, I've seen this tense while reading more literature works and was never something I was taught; I know there are also &quot;-ad&quot; endings for -ar verbs as well)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8478" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T18:59:40.130" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T19:55:02.007" Title="Verbs ending in &quot;-ed&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12039" CreationDate="2015-02-10T18:29:18.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the second person plural of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_mood&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;imperative mood&lt;/a&gt; for verbs of the second group (infinitive ending in &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It usually means an order, request, or suggestion, imparted to more than one person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you have official conjugation models for all groups, moods, and tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T18:29:18.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12039" CreationDate="2015-02-10T19:26:20.573" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conjugated words ending in -ed and -ad are the imperative form of verbs of you in the &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperativo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(tú) ten&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(usted) tenga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(nosotros) tengamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(vosotros) tened&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ustedes) tengan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(vos) tené&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is used only in Spain, in the Castilian dialect but it can be understood in all the Spanish speaking world. There are lots of books translated in Spain, and these translations go to many countries(at least in Mexico most translations come from Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tened esto - take this[you]  (Imperative for two or more people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coged esto- hold this[you]  (Imperative for two or more people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cantad esta canción - sing this song[you]  (Imperative for two or more people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T19:26:20.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12042" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T19:53:19.240" Score="2" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the equivalent to &quot;feature completeness&quot; in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading an excerpt of this book &quot;The agile samurai&quot;, which I've found navigating &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilewarrior.wordpress.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt;,&#xA;I've found this concept: &quot;feature completeness&quot;, which is related to &quot;scope&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how to translate it into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've come up so far is something like &quot;Completitud de las características&quot;, but it does not sounds good in Spanish. As this is related to the scope of the system, and it is in the context of determine what are we willing to give, my best approach was &quot;Alcance funcional&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8400" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T14:04:06.200" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T10:03:34.753" Title="What would be the equivalent to &quot;feature completeness&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12042" CreationDate="2015-02-10T21:19:54.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If by &quot;feature completeness&quot; you refer to the ability of a distributed work system to maintain a central version of the software which prevents cross locks among teams, you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;integridad funcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T21:19:54.100" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12045" CreationDate="2015-02-10T21:22:20.423" Score="3" ViewCount="6202" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish following the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.michelthomas.com/learn-spanish.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michel Thomas Method&lt;/a&gt;. It lists the following can be used for the verb &quot;Have&quot;: 'tengo', 'tengo que', 'tener', 'tenerlo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I know when to use the right word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, it's probably like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; = Have (e.g. Own)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo que&lt;/strong&gt; = Have to (e.g. Must)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tener&lt;/strong&gt; = to have (e.g. ? - How is this different from 'tengo'?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tenerlo&lt;/strong&gt; = to have it (again, how is this different from 'lo tengo'?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to remember it/understand it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-12-23T08:21:21.450" LastActivityDate="2019-12-23T08:40:51.773" Title="How to use 'tengo', 'tengo que', 'tener', 'tenerlo'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12044" CreationDate="2015-02-10T23:22:36.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo = I have (you could think of it as &amp;quot;I posses something&amp;quot; although the meaning is wider than that)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un tractor amarillo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que = I have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que ir al médico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que terminar este informe para las 5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both come from the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=48WFY8XXaDXX2R82DbOq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tener&lt;/a&gt; (and here &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=MzNJDzVaXVcRjF4tlkxT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the conjugations&lt;/a&gt;). Realize that even if &lt;em&gt;Have&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;Tengo&amp;quot; (and &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;tiene&amp;quot;) it can also mean &amp;quot;tenemos&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;tenéis&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tienen&amp;quot;. And that could change with the verb tense, so &amp;quot;have&amp;quot; has a broader meaning than just &amp;quot;tengo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;. I would stick to &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Have&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tener&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; tengo&amp;quot; are the same thing. You could favor one over the other for stylistic reasons in a given sentence, but the meaning is the same. The only difference between the two is the conjugation of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-23T08:40:51.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12025" CreationDate="2015-02-11T03:57:45.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es 'Carne ahumada', 'Yo ahumé carne ayer.' Conversationally, it is usually something you made: 'Hice una carne ahumada ayer.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carne asada is grilled or braised meat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carne fumada would imply you lit it on fire and inhaled the smoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T03:57:45.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2252" CreationDate="2015-02-11T08:31:48.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another mexican one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más vale paso que dure que trote que canse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loosely translated to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pace that lasts is better than a trot that tires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T08:31:48.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12051" CreationDate="2015-02-11T14:38:11.487" Score="5" ViewCount="41128" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have pet terms for mother and father. For example:&#xA;Mom, Dad, Mummy, Daddy, Mamma, Papa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, they have madre/padre. But do they have any pet terms as well?&#xA;Does it vary between Spanish speakers in Spain and Hispanic speakers in America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Ideally, I am looking for terms used by children primarily in America (USA). The most common ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T05:04:52.363" LastActivityDate="2020-11-27T01:13:21.457" Title="What are the pet terms for mother/father in US Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2015-02-11T14:42:50.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; we only use &lt;strong&gt;el computador&lt;/strong&gt;. No difference with &quot;la computadora&quot; or &quot;el ordenador&quot;, because in fact these words are not used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T17:01:09.783" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T17:01:09.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-11T14:53:19.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we use &amp;quot;madre&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;padre&amp;quot; when you refer to your parents (or somebody else's parents).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi padre le ha regalado a mi madre un collar por su cumpleaños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu padre está un poco loco Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El padre de Luis es muy estricto; la madre un poco menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We call then &amp;quot;papá&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mamá&amp;quot; when addressing directly to them or when talking about them with our siblings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Papá, ¿qué hay para cenar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mamá, papá quiere saber dónde has puesto sus revistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Talking to my brother or sister) Ayer papá y mamá me echaron la bronca por llegar tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &amp;quot;papi&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mami&amp;quot; (daddy, mamma/mammy), but they sound so cheesy that only small kids would use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that here in the States, where I live, people would say &amp;quot;My dad...&amp;quot;. In Spain we use &amp;quot;Mi padre...&amp;quot;. I think that some Latin American countries would use &amp;quot;Mi papá...&amp;quot; but in Spain saying &amp;quot;Mi papá...&amp;quot;, unless you are a toddler, sounds like if you were saying &amp;quot;My daddy...&amp;quot; in English (little cultural differences).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard many speakers from different Latin American countries use &amp;quot;papá&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mamá&amp;quot; to refer to their parents to others, but I'm not sure if this is due to an influence of being in an English speaking country where they constantly hear &amp;quot;My dad...&amp;quot; of if it is also to norm in their own countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &amp;quot;papaíto&amp;quot; and even &amp;quot;mamaíta&amp;quot;, but as with &amp;quot;papi&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mami&amp;quot; only small children (or cheesy young adults) would use these terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T21:38:16.553" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-11T14:55:37.617" Score="14" ViewCount="6908" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, a live fish is a &quot;pez&quot; whereas one cooked or otherwise ready for eating (dead) is a &quot;pescado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when exactly does this transformation take place - when the fish is caught, or when it dies? If a bear is standing in a river and catches a pez, does it become a pescado as soon as he's got it in his claws, or only after he kills it by biting it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T09:29:19.963" LastActivityDate="2020-08-10T04:02:04.013" Title="When does a &quot;pez&quot; become a &quot;pescado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12052" CreationDate="2015-02-11T15:03:07.937" Score="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &quot;pescado&quot; is the participle form of the verb &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=pescar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pescar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which means &quot;to fish&quot;, so I guess that once you &lt;em&gt;fish a fish&lt;/em&gt; it turns from &quot;pez&quot; to pescado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pescar:&lt;/strong&gt; Sacar o tratar de sacar del agua peces y otros animales útiles al hombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the difference is not that the creature is alive or cooked, it is that it has been &quot;harvested&quot; from the sea/river/lake/etc. by human hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could see a lot of dead fish on the sea shore and you would still refer to them as &quot;peces&quot;, not as &quot;pescados&quot;. Once a fish is cooked or ready to be eaten supposedly it has been fished first, so it is called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=o2SmrMhjQDXX2Sf9gXQQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pescado&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pescado&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Pez&lt;/em&gt; comestible &lt;em&gt;sacado del agua&lt;/em&gt; por cualquiera de los procedimientos de pesca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T13:02:06.817" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12052" CreationDate="2015-02-11T21:10:29.347" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although Diego's answer is correct according to the D.R.A.E., in real life things are a bit more complicated. First, because Spanish &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt; is primarily (or even exclusively) used as a 'mass noun' (&lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt;, on the contrary, is always a 'count noun'). As a consequence, you will hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He comprado pescado&lt;/em&gt; (= &lt;em&gt;I have bought [some] fish&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&lt;em&gt;He comprado &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; pescado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even though, obviously, the seabass or whatever you've bought is a fish that has been fished (and is dead, etc.). What's more, 'pescado' remains a 'mass noun' even when preceded by the definite &lt;strong&gt;or indefinite&lt;/strong&gt; article. Thus, at a restaurant, the &lt;em&gt;maitre&lt;/em&gt; might tell you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tenemos &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; pescado excelente&lt;/em&gt; (= &lt;em&gt;We have excellent fish&lt;/em&gt;, N.B. not &lt;em&gt;We have &lt;strong&gt;an&lt;/strong&gt; excellent fish&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les recomiendo &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; pescado&lt;/em&gt; (= &lt;em&gt;I recommend you &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; fish&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, of course, does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; mean that he is recommending the only one fish they have! In other words, it is not quite true that &lt;em&gt;a fish&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;un pez&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a fish that has been fished&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;un pescado&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, fish need &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; have been fished to qualify as &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt;. In the area of Northern Spain where I live I have often heard fishermen complain that it no longer pays to go to sea because there is ever less &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt; i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No merece la pena salir a la mar porque cada vez hay menos &lt;strong&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significantly, they do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; usually say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No merece la pena salir a la mar porque cada vez hay menos peces&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(although that sentence is grammatically correct, too), probably because there surely still are millions of fish, only that most are not worth fishing, perhaps because they are too small, or not edible, or edible but belonging to species not sufficiently appreciated by the consumers to be worth commercializing, or whatever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This suggests to me that Spanish &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt; is not really fish that has already been fished, even though that is the obvious meaning of the past participle of &lt;em&gt;pescar&lt;/em&gt;, but fish that is worth fishing, whether it has already been fished (and is on sale, or is cooked and about to be served, or is already on your plate, or in your stomach etc.) or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T09:27:47.780" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T09:27:47.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12042" CreationDate="2015-02-11T21:19:52.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me, and based on the context, it sounds like the progress of the tasks you have in an Agile-driven project. In this context, I would just call it &quot;avance&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to particularly refer to how complete are the features of a system, i.e. how much progress we've made regarding the implementation of features of a system, I would refer to that as &quot;completitud de las funcionalidades&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alcance funcional&quot;, or just &quot;alcance&quot; is how we usually translate &quot;scope&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words are a PITA to use in their Spanish equivalents, and we use the English counterpart most of the time. I have never heard anyone here saying &quot;burndown&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T21:19:52.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12059" CreationDate="2015-02-11T22:57:53.390" Score="-1" ViewCount="1627" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between casa and hogar. They both mean home, don't they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T16:09:53.720" Title="Difference between casa and hogar" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2015-02-12T15:37:57.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12057" CreationDate="2015-02-12T04:47:38.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  &quot;Casa&quot; is a house.  &quot;Hogar&quot; is a home.   The former is more generic, while the latter assumes more of a personal connection/affinity for the place one lives in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="855" LastEditDate="2015-02-12T16:09:53.720" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T16:09:53.720" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2015-02-12T17:09:07.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;escuchar&quot; is only used as meaning &quot;to hear&quot; when you say something like &quot;I can't hear you.&quot; It's more or less an acceptable misuse, or an exception to the correct way. It's hard to see someone using &quot;te escucho andar&quot; as in &quot;I hear you walking&quot; -- it would always be &quot;te oigo andar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8495" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T04:24:46.807" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:24:46.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12061" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12062" CreationDate="2015-02-12T18:55:04.483" Score="5" ViewCount="3647" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto del diseño gráfico, es común encontrar la palabra &lt;code&gt;render&lt;/code&gt;, e inclusive, en la wikipedia en español existe &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renderizaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una página&lt;/a&gt; que trata el tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún así, no existe una palabra oficial para referirse al proceso de &lt;code&gt;renderizado&lt;/code&gt;, se puede traducir como &lt;code&gt;generación de contenido multimedia&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;representación&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;interpretación&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la traducción &lt;code&gt;generación de contenido multimedia&lt;/code&gt; es la más correcta, existe alguna traducción (si es posible en una sola palabra) que se adecue mejor al termino en español en el contexto de creación de imágenes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es incorrecto utilizar la palabra &lt;code&gt;render&lt;/code&gt;, pues en español significa una cosa &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=fOWEp88t3DXX2tTSOMuy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;completamente distinta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8467" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-14T23:02:42.020" LastActivityDate="2019-10-05T16:29:21.803" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;rendering&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12061" CreationDate="2015-02-12T19:13:30.053" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Render&quot; y &quot;Renderizar&quot; (renderización, renderizado, etc...) parecen términos correctos en español. Por los links que aportas en la pregunta, parece que quienes se dedican al diseño 3D conocen y usan estos términos, y dado que no hay equivalentes cómodos en el español (representar, reproducir?) usan los anglosajones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto que &quot;renderizar&quot;  o &quot;renderización&quot; no tienen todavía entrada en el DRAE con los significados que entendemos, pero eso es sólo porque la RAE no se ha puesto al día todavía con el uso de estas palabras. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/renderizacion-2203/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Otras fuentes&lt;/a&gt; explican:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[&quot;render&quot;] refiere al proceso de generar una imagen, a veces puede equivaler a &lt;strong&gt;modelado&lt;/strong&gt;, pero en el sentido más habitual se suele adaptar como &lt;strong&gt;renderizado&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;renderización&lt;/strong&gt; (y el verbo es &lt;strong&gt;renderizar&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que intentar traducir el término como &lt;em&gt;modelado, representar o reproducir&lt;/em&gt; puede causar más confusión para los usuarios que ya están habituados al término anglosajón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2015-02-17T16:22:39.050" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T16:22:39.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-12T23:11:09.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just like @diego said you can use &lt;code&gt;madre&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;padre&lt;/code&gt; when referring to your parents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre es bonita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi padre es gordo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other ways could be &quot;mama&quot; and &quot;papa&quot;, &quot;pa&quot; and &quot;ma&quot;, and &quot;mamá&quot; and &quot;papá&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-13T02:26:09.600" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T02:26:09.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-12T23:21:57.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the most common terms in the US (although most of my experience is in Mexico) would be «mamá» and «papá», and some slight variations such as «mami» or «papi».  But every time I hear the latter I'm reminded of the part of the  Will Smith song &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwBS6QGsH_4&amp;amp;t=1m41s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Miami&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; where they say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ay, papi!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T23:21:57.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12042" CreationDate="2015-02-13T00:23:45.120" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;plenitud de rasgos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T00:23:45.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12016" CreationDate="2015-02-13T11:02:26.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About this particular case&lt;/strong&gt;, you can leave the second subjunctive out: &lt;code&gt;&quot;Era importante que adulara ... si quería ...&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive after &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt; is used only when the situation is unlikely, and in that case the &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt; part almost always starts the sentence. Also, you &quot;step back&quot; a tense, so, if you are talking about now, you use the imperfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si quisiera [now] buenas notas ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if you are talking about something that happened in the past (as in your case) you use the pluperfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiera querido [at that time] buenas notas ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as I said, you usually just use the indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In the general case&lt;/strong&gt;, when you have two or more subjunctives, you should think about each of them separately. It doesn't matter whether the other part of the sentence is in the indicative or subjunctive mood; they don't &quot;add up&quot; or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you want to say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para que me &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; buenas notas &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; importante que yo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;notara&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que él &lt;strong&gt;esperaba&lt;/strong&gt; que yo lo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adulase&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...you can make the decision about the mood of each verb without looking at the mood of the others. I.e., &lt;strong&gt;adular&lt;/strong&gt; would be in the subjunctive regardless of the mood of &lt;strong&gt;esperar&lt;/strong&gt;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T11:02:26.787" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12042" CreationDate="2015-02-13T12:22:42.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot seem to come up with a literal translation, so I thought of the best way to express the concept, and my choice would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Funcionalidad completada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this doesn't work as a noun (I have never heard the term completitud used in a real life scenario) but it expresses clearly that the features (=funcionalidad, which despite not being an exact translation conveys roughly the same concept when talking about software) are complete &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastEditorUserId="7094" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T10:03:34.753" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T10:03:34.753" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12042" CreationDate="2015-02-13T13:30:36.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd probably say it as 'funciones cumplidas' (as in 'met', 'fulfilled', 'completed', 'complied with', etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T13:30:36.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-14T02:09:42.393" Score="3" ViewCount="1449" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Objective&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understand the function of and reason to use subjunctive in cause-effect with &quot;hace que …&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Related Topics&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4205/what-does-hace-que-mean-in-this-sentence&quot;&gt;What does “hace que” mean in this sentence?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Examples&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La profesora hace que los estudiantes trabajen en grupos de cuatro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al avion se le rompe la máquina, lo que hace que el avión se caiga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La niña se sometió amigdalectomía para tratar la apena del sueño que hacía que tuviera dificultadas para respirar mientras dormía. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my understanding, indicative is used to talk about a fact, a completed action, or a general idea. However in cause-effect or make sth happen sentences, subjunctive is used. In the last example, it was the fact the child had a breathing problem but &quot;tuviera&quot; instead of &quot;tenía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to understand why subjunctive is required here. Is it because the effect is yet to happen until the cause is completed, and this time delay is signified by using subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate someone could shed light on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T12:20:07.863" Title="Why subjuntivo in Cause-Effect &quot;Hace que &lt;sujeto&gt; + &lt;subjuntivo&gt;&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12069" CreationDate="2015-02-14T05:37:23.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Subjunctive&lt;/a&gt; implies subjectivity, uncertainty or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;grammatical subordination&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. In a reason/result relationship where there is some sort of imperative implied, the result is subordinate to the reason (depends upon it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;em&gt;'La lluvia hace que use mi paraguas'&lt;/em&gt; includes an imperative relationship between the rain and my having to use an umbrella.  However, &lt;em&gt;'Uso mi paraguas cuando llueve'&lt;/em&gt; and even &lt;em&gt;'Uso mi paraguas porque llueve'&lt;/em&gt; do not. They simply link the two facts as a reason/result, but do not require the result. It's a subtle difference, to be sure. The grammatical subordination comes in the way the sentence is structured: Using my umbrella is the object of the imperative 'hacer que'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastEditorUserId="8462" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T14:19:13.177" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T14:19:13.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-14T22:22:10.093" Score="4" ViewCount="1558" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia article below, the double r is pronounced without the Alveolar trill in some parts of Spain. However after a lot of searching I haven´t been able to find any more info on this. Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The double-R phoneme is spelled &quot;rr&quot; between vowels and &quot;r&quot; word-initially or following &quot;l&quot;, &quot;n&quot;, or &quot;s&quot;. In most varieties it is pronounced as an alveolar trill, and that is considered the prestige pronunciation. Two notable variants occur, however, one sibilant and the other velar or uvular. The pronunciation of the phoneme as a voiced strident (or sibilant) apical fricative is common in New Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica; highland areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile; western and northern Argentina, and Paraguay.[10] Some linguists have attempted to explain the assibilated &quot;rr&quot; as a result of influence from Native American languages, and it is true that in the Andean regions mentioned an important part of the population is bilingual in Spanish and one or another indigenous language. Nonetheless, other researchers have pointed out that sibilant &quot;rr&quot; in the Americas may not be an autonomous innovation, but rather a pronunciation that originated in some northern Spanish dialects and then was exported to the Americas. Spanish dialects spoken in the Basque Country, Navarre, la Rioja, and northern Aragon (regions that contributed substantially to Spanish-American colonization) show the fricative or postalveolar variant for &quot;rr&quot; (especially for the word-initial &quot;rr&quot; sound, as in Roma or rey).&quot; From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#.22R.22_sounds&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#.22R.22_sounds&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I´ve been living in Bolivia for a while and have noticed that many people pronounce the double r as a zh sound like in the English word measure. Is this true as well for these parts of Northern Spain that the article talks about? Gracias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8504" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2015-02-22T18:26:06.063" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T04:04:15.930" Title="Variants to the rolled R in Spain?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-14T22:28:09.730" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do native speakers of Spanish do when for some reason or another, they cannot roll their r´s? I´ve seen that many speakers in South America make a zh sound like in the English word measure (I know that with most in South America it is a matter of dialect rather than speech problem, but I´ve met some who have the problem too). Is it the same for native speakers in Spain who can´t roll their rs/pronounce the alveolar trill correctly? Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8504" LastActivityDate="2015-02-14T22:28:09.730" Title="What do native Spanish speakers do if they cannot roll the r?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-16T19:19:09.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12069" CreationDate="2015-02-15T18:09:36.600" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a matter of time delay.  It has to do with the fact that the sentence is discussing the action that would be the effect, without making any assertion about whether that effect has happened, is happening, or will happen at a known time in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indicative is used to indicate that an action has happened, is happening, or will happen definitely in the future.  However, there are cases where English uses a present  indicative for a future event and Spanish uses a subjunctive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We will get on board when the train comes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not about an action in the present.  It's about a future action at an indefinite point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abordaremos cuando venga el tren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T18:09:36.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12077" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12079" CreationDate="2015-02-15T21:39:46.733" Score="3" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always had this doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these expressions is properly used and when to use each of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe haber sido un accidente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; haber sido un accidente (is this a mistake?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8508" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T22:48:08.317" Title="Which of these expressions is correct? &quot;Debe ser&quot; vs &quot;Debe de ser&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-18T19:56:30.917" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12077" CreationDate="2015-02-15T22:48:08.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your example both forms are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE about &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=deber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the uses of &lt;code&gt;deber&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deber + infinitive denotes an obligation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo cumplir con mi misión &lt;sub&gt; I must accomplish my mission &lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case (denoting an obligation) is an error to introduce the preposition &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;de&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; cumplir con mi misión (WRONG!!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deber &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; + infinitive is used to express a supposition, guess or probability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay luz en su casa. Deben de haber salido &lt;sub&gt; There is no light at their place. They must have gone out &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe de haber sido un accidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When expressing a supposition, you can use both &amp;quot;deber de + infinitive&amp;quot; or just &amp;quot;deber + infinitive&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marianita, su hija, debe tener unos veinte años &lt;sub&gt; Marianita, their daughter, must be twenty years old &lt;/sub&gt; (expresses a guess, not an obligation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you example denotes a supposition, both forms provided are OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T22:48:08.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12061" CreationDate="2015-02-16T16:36:36.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto del diseño gráfico &lt;code&gt;renderizar&lt;/code&gt; es producir el contenido utilizable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las computadoras el proceso de &lt;code&gt;renderizar&lt;/code&gt; es el de dibujar en la pantalla (o mas concretamente dicho producir contenido utilizable). Cada intervalo de tiempo el sistema operativo &lt;code&gt;renderiza&lt;/code&gt; (dibuja) contenido en la pantalla para nuestra visualización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La connotación de &lt;code&gt;interpretar&lt;/code&gt; no la he visto hasta ahora, sin embargo, dependiendo del contexto puede ser traducida como &lt;code&gt;generación de contenido multimedia&lt;/code&gt; como dices, &lt;code&gt;dibujar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;redibujar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8511" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T16:36:36.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12085" CreationDate="2015-02-16T22:59:24.110" Score="2" ViewCount="449" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Colombian dish of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arroz_atollado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arroz atollado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know what &quot;arroz&quot; means, but I haven't been able to find what the second part &quot;atollado&quot; is supposed to mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5646" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-17T00:32:56.700" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T01:42:06.973" Title="What does &quot;arroz atollado&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12082" CreationDate="2015-02-17T00:41:34.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://gastrolombia.jimdo.com/historias/platos-regionales/arroz-atollado/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this web about Colombian gastronomy&lt;/a&gt; you can learn the etymology of &lt;em&gt;atollado&lt;/em&gt; in this context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El arroz atollado debe su nombre a la receta de la Costa Pacifica que originalmente era elaborada con TOYO, un tiburón joven muy apreciado por los guapireños, que suelen comprarlo ahumado en los mercados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that originally the recipe used &quot;toyo&quot; (also spelled as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tollo_%28pescado%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tollo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) a kind of shark. From the name of this shark the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;atollado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; evolved (meaning &quot;with toyo&quot;). It seems that the current preparation has not that much in common with the original recipe (being more like &lt;em&gt;paella&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;arroz con pollo&lt;/em&gt;) but the name has persisted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, &lt;em&gt;arroz atollado&lt;/em&gt; means something like &lt;em&gt;arroz con tollo&lt;/em&gt; (rice with &lt;em&gt;toyo&lt;/em&gt;) or &quot;&lt;em&gt;sharked&lt;/em&gt; rice&quot;/ &quot;&lt;em&gt;Toyed&lt;/em&gt; rice&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-17T01:42:06.973" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T01:42:06.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-17T04:36:20.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The US spanish has variations. The main ones are Mexican Spanish, and Caribbean Spanish (Cuban, Dominican, Puerto Rican):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico there are some words to adress parents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mamá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;papás&lt;/em&gt; for both): These are the main words in every day speech in every place you are, even with your boss at job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ma&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pa&lt;/em&gt; (mom and dad): Normal pet term for adressing your parents&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jefa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;jefe&lt;/em&gt; (litteraly boss, &lt;em&gt;jefes&lt;/em&gt; for both): Another form, pretty common but not everyone uses this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mami&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;papi&lt;/em&gt; (mommy and daddy, &lt;em&gt;papis&lt;/em&gt; for both): Normal for toddlers and to add a childish touch to your speech. &amp;quot;Hijo de papi o mami&amp;quot; is for someone who depends a lot of his parents, or is rich.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Madre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; (Mother and father): These words sound too formal, it feels as if a character from a soup opera were talking. These are the formar words for thw written Spanish (you can say &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt; to your boss but you can't write that in a letter, it's necessary the word &amp;quot;madre&amp;quot;). These words are commonly used to adress kids, especially parents for their children, but always as &amp;quot;mi padre&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;mi madre&amp;quot;. And it's also used adress elder people &amp;quot;Dígame madre qué necesita.&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other countries as Republica Dominicana i've heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mai&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pai&lt;/em&gt; (mom and dad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on country of origin of people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T04:43:04.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12089" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12090" CreationDate="2015-02-18T08:09:44.820" Score="2" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;As 'tu' in Spanish means both &quot;his/her&quot; and &quot;your&quot;, the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es tu única hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can the sentence be translated both as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is your only sister.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is his only sister.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T14:50:11.400" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T14:50:11.400" Title="The use of &quot;tu&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12089" CreationDate="2015-02-18T09:45:11.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt; means two things in Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;of yours&lt;/strong&gt; or simply &lt;strong&gt;your&lt;/strong&gt;. In other words &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; is both, a personal pronoun (in the form of &lt;strong&gt;Tú&lt;/strong&gt;) as well as the possessive pronoun (in the form of &lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &quot;Ella es &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; unica hermana&quot; can only be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is &lt;strong&gt;your&lt;/strong&gt; only sister.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would like to say &quot;She is &lt;strong&gt;his&lt;/strong&gt; only sister&quot; you would need to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; unica hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would like to say &quot;She is &lt;strong&gt;her&lt;/strong&gt; only sister&quot; you would need to follow the example above since Spanish does not have a separate gender for the possessive pronouns of his or hers as it is done in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8520" LastEditorUserId="8520" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T14:06:20.270" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T14:06:20.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12094" CreationDate="2015-02-18T10:37:13.563" Score="6" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He appears &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are given below. Is it correct both to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él aparece &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la noche. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and/or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él aparece &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, what is the difference between the use of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T14:26:54.770" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T18:41:02.533" Title="The translation of 'at' in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12093" CreationDate="2015-02-18T10:48:49.307" Score="4" ViewCount="4697" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pollo ......... sobre la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the two options are &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the both are correct but duolingo app says it's &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt; adding more to my confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; is  not correct here? Moreover, I hope somebody would explain me the use of both words in detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T13:54:31.403" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T07:43:09.910" Title="The difference between the use of &quot;es&quot; and &quot;está&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12092" CreationDate="2015-02-18T13:03:37.517" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Related to the sentence you gave, only &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key concepts you must know for sure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is a sentence about the location of something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When dealing with the place something is, was or will be, the verb &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; must be used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your sentence can &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; be this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pollo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; sobre la mesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many differences between the verbs &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;. Nevertheless, you can start by taking these tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When dealing with properties that are not immutable, such as location, time, etc, you must use &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you use location prepositions to talk about places, such as &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;entre&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tras&lt;/strong&gt;, you cannot use the verb &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; en la estación de trenes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;strong&gt;estaré&lt;/strong&gt; fuera de mi oficina desde las tres de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When dealing with permanent features of someone or something, you must use &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cielo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When dealing with a feature that is not permanent, you should use &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; so as to emphasize that:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cielo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; negro por el humo del incendio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When dealing with dates, with the moment some event happened or will happen, you must use &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El concierto &lt;strong&gt;será&lt;/strong&gt; mañana en la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T16:07:41.640" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T16:07:41.640" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12091" CreationDate="2015-02-18T14:10:22.213" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think both forms could be understood as correct, but a Spanish speaker would actually favor the prepositions &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; noche. La Luna sale de noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; la noche. La Luna sale por la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is correct to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the preposition &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; + noun&lt;/a&gt; to designate parts of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a la mañana, a la tarde, a la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since the preposition &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; is used to indicate the time, place or way in which the action of the verb it goes with (in this case &lt;code&gt;aparecer&lt;/code&gt;) was performed. But, again, prepositions &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; work better for this example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T14:18:37.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12097" CreationDate="2015-02-18T15:22:01.847" Score="3" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quiero decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He knows a little Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué verbo necesito usar: 'saber' o 'conocer'?  Yo pienso que la frase es similar a &quot;él _____ un poco de español&quot;, pero no sé qué verbo necesito usar entre 'saber' y 'conocer'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, si es diferente, si quiero decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He knows all of Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Necesito usar el mismo verbo? ¿O es diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He knows a little Spanish &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which verb should I use: 'saber' or 'conocer'?  I assume that the phrase is something like &quot;él _____ un poco de español&quot;, but I’m not sure of which verb I should use between 'saber' and 'conocer'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if it is different, should I want to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He knows all of Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would I use the same verb or would it change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8335" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T15:37:07.293" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:22:39.707" Title="Si quiero decir “He knows a little Spanish” ¿qué verbo necesito usar: saber o conocer?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="207" CreationDate="2015-02-18T15:34:55.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm 35, and I have a friend who's 38. Both of us can't thrill the 'rr'. Everybody notices eventually, has never caused us any problems, never did anything about it. At this point, I don't know if there's anything I can do.&#xA;I particularly care about it because I'm learning German and Polish :)&#xA;By the way, this is in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where rioplatense-Spanish has (sometimes over-)thrilled 'rr'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T15:34:55.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12095" CreationDate="2015-02-18T15:35:11.970" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=BKBAlquJMDXX2SGhCSwU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;saber&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; when we want to convey knowledge or mastery of skills:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él sabe hablar español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él sabe un poco de español. Lo suficiente como para defenderse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi abuela sabe coser. Mi abuelo sabe jugar al mus muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi padre sabe todos los nombres de los ríos de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El profesor me preguntó y quedó contento porque yo me sabía la lección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &amp;quot;He knows all of Spanish&amp;quot;, if you are referring to a skill or knowledge, use &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were saying instead: &amp;quot;He knows all his neighbors in the village&amp;quot;, you would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=conocer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;conocer&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, (which conveys a meaning more like &amp;quot;be &lt;em&gt;familiar&lt;/em&gt; with&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él conoce a todos sus vecinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es un gran viajero y conoce toda España (conveying, &amp;quot;has been in a lot of places; He knows many cities and towns&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T15:40:12.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12092" CreationDate="2015-02-18T16:15:33.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a simple saying in Spanish that goes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No es lo mismo ser que estar&quot; not easily translated to english unless you add more information to the phrase. &quot;It is not the same to be (a person/animal/thing) than to be (in a place)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should learn that since it may help you identify where to use each one. &#xA;In Spanish we differentiate between being a person (ser) and being in a place (estar). Since the chicken is on the table, el pollo &quot;ESTÁ&quot; en la mesa. Another thing would be &quot;this chicken is bad&quot;, since here we are talking about the chicken (being not a person but an animal in this case) the sentence would be &quot;el pollo es malo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Diego's comment made me think &quot;the chicken is bad&quot; is an example that can lead to a missunderstanding unles there is more information in the phrase. The chicken is a bad chicken, it is dirty, breaks everything and the like, in this case &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el pollo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; malo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chicken is bad -rotten- and you can't eat it, in this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el pollo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; malo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit2: The missunderstanding is &lt;strong&gt;obviously&lt;/strong&gt; in english. In Sapnish there is no missunderstading, since &quot;el pollo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; malo&quot; is self explanatory while in English it is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5318" LastEditorUserId="5318" LastEditDate="2015-02-19T07:43:09.910" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T07:43:09.910" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12095" CreationDate="2015-02-18T21:53:08.433" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; connotes knowledge, &lt;code&gt;Conocer&lt;/code&gt; connotes acquaintance/familiarity. &#xA;You would use &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; when referring to familiarity of a person, place, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So use &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, however, that &lt;code&gt;conocimiento&lt;/code&gt; translates as knowledge &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él sabe un poco de español;tiene poco conocimiento del idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8524" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-19T02:19:41.333" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T02:19:41.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12091" CreationDate="2015-02-19T04:31:25.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is correct to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece a la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece en la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but could also say &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él aparece por la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because usually people say &lt;code&gt;por la noche&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;por la manana&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;por la tarde&lt;/code&gt;. People also say &lt;code&gt;de la noche&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T18:41:02.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12102" CreationDate="2015-02-19T13:29:10.377" Score="7" ViewCount="610" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm now using Rosetta Stone to learn Spanish, and today I found the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy viajando a Italia para visitar unas ruinas antiguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy viajando a &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; India para visitar este palacio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I wonder why the latter sentence adds &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; after &lt;code&gt;viajando&lt;/code&gt; and before &lt;code&gt;India&lt;/code&gt; while the former doesn't, despite the fact that both sentences are used in similar ways (i.e. take a country as an objective).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the difference between the two sentences and when to add &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; and when to not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-19T15:27:59.883" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T22:33:02.060" Title="Why to add &quot;la&quot; after &quot;viajar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12101" CreationDate="2015-02-19T14:26:57.677" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is that the names of some countries have the article included in Spanish. India is one of them. Some of these countries could optionally have the article in front of the name, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El) Afganistán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(La) Argentina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Las) Bahamas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy de viaje a (la) India&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; could be optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It wouldn't be the case for some other countries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a El Salvador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article is not only obligatory, is capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why you have the article in front of &lt;em&gt;India&lt;/em&gt; but not in front of &lt;em&gt;Italia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Art%C3%ADculo%20ante%20nombres%20propios.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check this link&lt;/a&gt; to see learn a little bit more about the usage of a definite article before the name of countries, rivers, mounts, etc. (See section &amp;quot;Uso del artículo ante topónimos o nombres de comarcas, ríos, montes, etc.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T17:30:10.377" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12104" CreationDate="2015-02-19T20:49:15.860" Score="3" ViewCount="11317" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las siguientes dos oraciones, ¿cuál es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy consciente &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la deuda es muy grande para mí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy consciente &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; la deuda es muy grande para mí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo en negrilla las palabras con las cuales tengo duda. Ambas suenan bien para mí, pero no estoy seguro de ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T08:57:43.817" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T08:57:43.817" Title="Consciente de que / consciente que" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;queísmo-dequeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12103" CreationDate="2015-02-19T22:06:03.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor opción en este caso es &quot;Soy consciente &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que la deuda es muy grande para mí&quot;, ¿por qué? Simplemente preguntate a tí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces la respuesta a una duda gramatical se puede resolver haciendose preguntas a uno mismo, en este caso deberías preguntarte &quot;¿De qué soy consciente?&quot; El mismo ejemplo se puede usar para una graaaaaan cantidad de problemas similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8529" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-20T19:57:09.790" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T19:57:09.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12106" CreationDate="2015-02-19T23:19:08.447" Score="6" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few words in Spanish have no specific gender. Generally (to my knowledge) these words refer to people, and the gender follows the gender of the person about whom is being spoken.  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dentista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comunista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;almacenista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guitarrista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a name or classification for such nouns?  For example, if asked on a test to identify the gender of a few words (don't worry, I'm not--this isn't homework!), how could I answer for these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neuter doesn't seem right--there is (mutable) gender present.  Is 'both' correct? Does dual-gender exist? What's the linguistic name for this concept if so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-20T00:45:12.640" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T00:12:46.197" Title="What is the gender classification of a word which can take either gender?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12105" CreationDate="2015-02-20T00:16:51.433" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's DPD&lt;/a&gt;, these are called &lt;em&gt;sustantivos comunes en cuanto al género&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a) Sustantivos comunes en cuanto al género.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Son los que, designando seres animados, tienen una sola forma, la misma para los dos géneros gramaticales. En cada enunciado concreto, el género del sustantivo, que se corresponde con el sexo del referente, lo señalan los determinantes y adjetivos con variación genérica: &lt;em&gt;el/la pianista; ese/esa psiquiatra; un buen/una buena profesional.&lt;/em&gt; Los sustantivos comunes se comportan, en este sentido, de forma análoga a los adjetivos de una sola terminación, como &lt;em&gt;feliz, dócil, confortable&lt;/em&gt;, etc., que se aplican, sin cambiar de forma, a sustantivos tanto masculinos como femeninos: &lt;em&gt;un padre/una madre feliz, un perro/una perra dócil, un sillón/una silla confortable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-20T00:45:45.810" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T00:45:45.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12071" CreationDate="2015-02-20T01:23:36.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's not. I live in Colombia and that way to pronounce is not common here, you can hear that on Peru and Bolivia, but i'm sure you won't hear it anywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8530" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T01:23:36.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12103" CreationDate="2015-02-20T02:19:06.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE responde a esa misma pregunta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/423797668750819329&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;su cuenta de Twiter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No debe elidirse la preposición DE en la expresión SER CONSCIENTE DE ALGO: «Soy consciente &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que tengo un reto»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tengas duda de si estás haciendo un uso indebido de la preposición &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;dequeísmo&lt;/em&gt;) sigue &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=vTr05If13D6tGOqCWV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta recomendación de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; y convierte la frase en una pregunta. Si la pregunta debe empezar con la preposición entonces tu frase debe llevarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué se preocupa? (Se preocupa &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué está seguro? (Está seguro &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué opina? (Opina que...);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntarías &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;De&lt;/strong&gt; qué soy consciente?&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Qué soy consciente?&amp;quot;. Hay verbos que tienen que llevar la preposición. El no usarla puede resultar en el fenómeno opuesto el &lt;em&gt;queísmo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T02:19:06.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12111" CreationDate="2015-02-20T17:47:55.683" Score="5" ViewCount="5971" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;grandfather&quot; is &quot;Abuelo&quot; in Spanish and that &quot;grandmother&quot; is &quot;Abuela&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard a youngster refer to his grandfather as &quot;Abue&quot; (OB-way); I guess this is something like &quot;gramps&quot; or &quot;grandpa.&quot; But in English we differentiate grandpa from grandma with &quot;gramps/gram-pa&quot; and &quot;gram/gram-ma.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the nickname for grandmother the same in Spanish as it is for grandfather (&quot;Abue&quot;)? If so, this is one of the rare occasions where English usage is more specific than Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:50:31.620" LastActivityDate="2021-01-12T03:39:40.693" Title="Is &quot;Abue&quot; both grandfather AND grandmother?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12110" CreationDate="2015-02-20T18:28:38.753" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is. I have actually never heard much &quot;abue&quot; (I have heard &quot;abu&quot; more often), but it works as a &quot;pet term&quot; for both &quot;Abuel&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;Abuel&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several &lt;em&gt;pet terms&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;abuelos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;abuelas&lt;/em&gt;. Among many others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abuelos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yayo, tata, abu, abue, nono, papito, papá + nombre del abuelo (eg. Papá Félix), agüelillo, agüelito, &quot;abelo&quot;, lito, bueli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abuelas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yaya, nana, nona, abue, güeli, abu, mamá + nombre de la abuela (eg. Mamá Consuelo), agüelilla, agüelita, &quot;abela&quot;, lita, bueli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be many other depending on cultural or regional differences or variations of Spanish dialects. There may be others, depending on what toddlers can pronounce or particularities of a family (like calling &lt;em&gt;&quot;abuela&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to one of the grandmas and &lt;em&gt;&quot;yaya&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to the other).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With some of these terms, without any context, you could not be sure about the gender of the mentioned person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-20T18:33:57.390" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T18:33:57.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12101" CreationDate="2015-02-20T22:33:02.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends a lot in the country you're writting. South American countries tend to have an article in the front of the name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Perú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Argentina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Ecuador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Brasil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some asian countries have an article as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La China&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Japón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La India&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's opcional in all cases but it's very common to hear them with the article specially with &amp;quot;El Perú&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;La India&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;La Argentina&amp;quot;. In the case of Peru it's written even in the constitution. &amp;quot;La China&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;el Japón&amp;quot; add a literary nuance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La India&lt;/em&gt; is probably the most popular of all, it's everywhere as the norm but, again, ther is no problem if you don't write it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T22:33:02.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12119" CreationDate="2015-02-21T07:39:24.383" Score="4" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine just showed me this Spanish proverb, which is some equivalent to English &quot;shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations&quot; (which means &lt;em&gt;wealth gained in one generation will be lost by the third&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-investor/globe-wealth/eroding-family-fortunes-how-the-cycle-can-be-broken/article33757468/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quien no lo tiene, lo hance; y quien lo tiene, lo deshance&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling I find this proverb in many pages on the internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet looking up &quot;hances&quot; and &quot;deshances&quot; directly or by guessing at their infinitive forms turns up nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these actual Spanish words? Why are they hard to look up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="75" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-11T16:06:23.090" LastActivityDate="2019-12-18T07:33:50.380" Title="What are these words &quot;hances&quot; and &quot;deshances&quot; in a proverb common on the Internet?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12118" CreationDate="2015-02-21T09:33:00.567" Score="1" ViewCount="591" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say you have the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por lo general, mis papás me decían que yo necesitaba estudiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that &lt;code&gt;necesitar&lt;/code&gt; should be in the imperfect as there is no definite time frame for the occurrence of the actions. Is this right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or alternatively is it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por lo general, mis papás me decían que yo necesito estudiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3080" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T12:23:58.260" Title="Preterite or Imperfect for a quote in the past" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12117" CreationDate="2015-02-21T12:23:58.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imperfect tense is the most appropriate way to say it. It connotes that they used to tell you that you needed to study, but that it is no longer the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your alternative example above, &lt;em&gt;necesito&lt;/em&gt; is actually first person present tense, not preterite. Preterite tense would be &lt;em&gt;necesité&lt;/em&gt;. (It would still not be the best way to express the idea that your parents used to tell you to study.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T12:23:58.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12116" CreationDate="2015-02-21T13:16:35.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Searching for it on the Internet turns up a few references to it, all of which seem to be quoting it from a common source. Here's &lt;a href=&quot;http://newbooksinbrief.com/2013/10/22/45-a-summary-of-david-and-goliath-underdogs-misfits-and-the-art-of-battling-giants-by-malcolm-gladwell/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;one example&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;In Spain it’s ‘Quien no lo tiene, lo hance; y quien lo tiene, lo deshance’ (‘he who doesn’t have it, does it, and he who has it, misuses it’)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also at least &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2641338&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;one instance of someone asking a similar question&lt;/a&gt; in which they write it as &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Quien no lo tiene, lo hace; y quien lo tiene, lo deshace&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on this, it seems reasonable to assume this is either an isolated local version of &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, or a widely quoted typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that is the case, then I'd say a more faithful translation into English would be &quot;He who doesn't have it, makes it. He who has it, destroys it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T13:16:35.273" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-21T21:33:44.550" Score="7" ViewCount="2055" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like I should know the answer to this by now, and/or that it should have been asked here, but I can't find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was recently looking at some example sentences (I think linked from another question here, which I also can't find now), which talked about different uses of 'pensar':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso ir a la playa → I'm thinking of going to the beach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That makes perfect sense to me, and that's how I would translate the sentence to English. But when translating from English to Spanish, my natural inclination is rather:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso en ir a la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This made me realize I don't know the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone enlighten me?  Are both correct? Do they have different meanings or connotations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T03:31:56.973" Title="What is the difference between «pensar en» and just «pensar»?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12120" CreationDate="2015-02-21T22:40:21.397" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to how I use the verb &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;, I can describe these two meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensar :&lt;/strong&gt; followed by another verb, gives the idea of intention of performing the action of that second verb. I am thinking about doing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso ir a la playa → I have the intention to go there. I mean it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensar en:&lt;/strong&gt; followed by another verb, means I am thinking about that action, like something philosophical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso en ir a la playa → I'm thinking about the action of going to a beach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensar en:&lt;/strong&gt; followed by a noun, means I am thinking about that person or thing. This is a meaning very close to the one above. In this meaning, the noun must be in its dative case, and you cannot use &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; without the preposition &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso en ti en este mismo momento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  * &lt;del&gt;Pienso ti en este mismo momento.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  * &lt;del&gt;Te pienso en este mismo momento.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-02-21T22:45:37.703" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T22:45:37.703" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12123" CreationDate="2015-02-22T11:28:39.360" Score="5" ViewCount="7006" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pret%C3%A9rito_anterior&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; sobre el pretérito anterior afirma que: &quot;El pretérito anterior ha caído en desuso en español, y ha sido reemplazado en todos los registros salvo el culto por otra forma verbal como el pretérito pluscuamperfecto, el pretérito perfecto simple o indefinido, o incluso el infinitivo.&quot; Un ejemplo de uso del mismo artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hubo terminado de hablar, se fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mis ojos anglosajones, no veo ninguna diferencia entre este y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando había terminado de hablar, se fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ambos se traduciría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When he had finished speaking, he went.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es verdad que casi nunca se ve/oye esta forma en el español de hoy en día, pero siguen enseñándola en las escuelas (en Barcelona, por lo menos) para esas pruebas de gramática que les dan tanta alegría a los niños, así que me interesaría saber si hay una diferencia sutil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-01T16:36:18.153" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T16:36:18.153" Title="La differencia entre el pretérito anterior y el pretérito pluscuamperfecto" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12122" CreationDate="2015-02-22T13:45:34.327" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente el pretérito anterior ha caído en desuso precisamente por su poca diferencia con el pluscuamperfecto. La diferencia puede ser difícil de explicar a un no nativo, especialmente a un anglosajón porque el verbo auxiliar &quot;haber&quot; se traduce como &quot;had&quot; en los dos casos... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pluscuamperfecto expresa un pasado anterior a otro pasado, mientras que el pret. anterior expresa un pasado &lt;strong&gt;inmediatamente anterior&lt;/strong&gt; a otro pasado. Esa inmediatez es una marca muy sutil, tal vez incluso subjetiva, y es posiblemente la única diferencia entre ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hubo terminado de hablar, se fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expresa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; hubo terminado de hablar, se fue. (inmediatez)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando había terminado de hablar, se fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no tiene esta connotación. Bien podría ser, &quot;había terminado de hablar, recogió sus cosas y se fue&quot;. No cabe cambiar ese &lt;em&gt;&quot;Cuando&quot;&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;&quot;En cuanto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y por lo tanto no tiene esa marca de &lt;strong&gt;inmediatez&lt;/strong&gt; (para mí, &quot;En cuanto &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; terminado&quot; suena mal, y favorecería &quot;En cuanto &lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt; terminado&quot; de forma incosciente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, entre estas dos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando hubo terminado, me llamó&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando había terminado, me llamó&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la segunda, varias cosas podían haber pasado desde que &quot;terminó&quot; hasta que me llamó. Podría reescribir la frase como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; había terminado, me llamó / Me llamó cuando &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; había terminado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No existe la connotación de inmediatez entre las dos acciones que hay en &quot;cuando hubo terminado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, de nuevo, esta connotación es muy sutil. Si estuviese más marcada no habría una razón para que el pretérito anterior caiga en desuso frente a otros tiempos verbales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-02-22T13:45:34.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12125" CreationDate="2015-02-22T19:54:55.190" Score="2" ViewCount="5998" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a el&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;code&gt;Al&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;A el&lt;/code&gt; are the same, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-03-02T21:25:57.510" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T12:46:42.433" Title="Difference between &quot;al&quot; and &quot;a el&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12124" CreationDate="2015-02-22T20:11:55.997" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al&lt;/em&gt; is the contraction of &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt;, the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (at/to) and the article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; (the):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale esto &lt;strong&gt;a-el&lt;/strong&gt; cartero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale esto &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; cartero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give this to the mailman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must always write &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;, never &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt;, unless you're talking of a proper noun that includes &lt;em&gt;El&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vamos a El Salvador.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's go to El Salvador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A él&lt;/em&gt; is the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and the personal pronoun &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; (him).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale esto a él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give this to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18467" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T12:46:42.433" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12126" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-22T22:10:06.363" Score="2" ViewCount="5448" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/verga#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; mentions that «verga» can be a vulgar term for an erect penis. It mentions this along with several other definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/verga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; mentions the vulgar term as the first definition, then lists half a dozen other definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Images (I won't provide a link), of course, only thinks the vulgar definition has any relevance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I take this as a clue never to use this word in polite company? Or are there contexts (aside from the technical context of naval navigation, etc) where it would be appropriate to use this word? If so, can you provide an example or two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify a little, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/verga#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; says verga can mean &quot;a long and thin stick, pole or rod&quot;.  Is this a benign usage, or is this a vulgar usage, in which the long and thin stick is being compared to an erect penis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:51:20.040" Title="Is «verga» a word I should avoid in polite company?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-22T23:58:19.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two answers regarding if and when you can use it: yes, if you are talking about an animal and navigation. No, if you refer to humans, as then it is straight vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edition: Here is a pair of examples of acceptable use, &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&amp;amp;lr=&amp;amp;id=nBWKJS3W_MAC&amp;amp;oi=fnd&amp;amp;pg=PR1&amp;amp;dq=verga%20caballo&amp;amp;ots=vp3eIDan22&amp;amp;sig=Y3Uys4EWJx0tA7HZrKKep0OKNQY#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=verga%20caballo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Manual del remontista ...&lt;/a&gt; page 11, the author's intended audience are interested in horses; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://ruc.udc.es/bitstream/2183/9335/1/CC-013_art_2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;navegacion en Egipto ...&lt;/a&gt; pg 39, where is making clear description of a ship. The same would apply to a formal conversation where the other people are into the same topic i.e. animal genitalia (for any reason) or navigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of no-no use have been provided in other answers, so I think that's pretty clear. As general rule however, you should avoid any other use besides those above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a native Castilian speaker from Peru.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7138" LastEditorUserId="7138" LastEditDate="2015-02-26T12:07:43.843" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T12:07:43.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-23T00:04:00.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aside from technical you shouldn't use &lt;code&gt;verga&lt;/code&gt; in formal situations, since is considered peyorative for some people depending on your location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a Venezuelan citizen, I can tell you that the word &lt;code&gt;verga&lt;/code&gt; its widely used by us but in an informal (and quite often an ofensive) way. It can connotate several things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An object or replacement for a word that you dont remember: &lt;code&gt;Agarrame esa verga que está allí&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As an exclamation of rage: &lt;em&gt;you hit yourself with the door, then yell&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;VERGA!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But remember, NEVER EVER in a formal context or you'll be considered an offensive person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8511" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T00:04:00.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-23T02:18:02.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I would avoid using &amp;quot;verga&amp;quot; if you are not sure if anybody could be offended. Better safe than sorry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the last part of your question, I think there is a context where it could be not that offensive. As stated in the link to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=verga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE entry for this word&lt;/a&gt;, it is (&lt;strong&gt;just&lt;/strong&gt;) a synonym for &amp;quot;pene&amp;quot;. Then, it is explained that is an &amp;quot;interjección vulgar en El Salvador y Venezuela&amp;quot;. Probably this list should include other countries, such as Mexico, where it seem that the word is also used as an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.falsoprofeta.org/2006/04/un-post-de-la-verga.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interjection&lt;/a&gt;. So it looks like we have some regional differences here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, we don't use the word for these kind of exclamations (we would favor other synonyms). So if you said &amp;quot;verga&amp;quot; it could be understood the same way as &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=falo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;falo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, a word that doesn't sound as &amp;quot;technical&amp;quot; as &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;pene&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, nor as childish as &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;pito&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; nor as rude as &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=q4q97hzPoDXX2TZNEhnX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;polla&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (for which the RAE, to the contrary of &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;verga&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, adds the indication that is &lt;em&gt;malsonante&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that this won't hold true for most Latin American countries, where the word is used in expressions like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vete a la verga &lt;sub&gt; Get the fuck out of here!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Está de la verga! &lt;sub&gt; This is very difficult!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking to Latin American is a context where colloquialism or rude language is not welcomed or accepted you should avoid the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T12:36:17.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12131" CreationDate="2015-02-23T12:39:27.887" Score="5" ViewCount="4967" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if you want to say a sentence such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is likely that he will continue to develop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do you use 'Es probable que' with the future tense 'continuará' or the present subjunctive, 'continúe', or is the future subjunctive still used 'continuare'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T15:07:34.637" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T22:20:42.820" Title="Es probable que + future tense" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12130" CreationDate="2015-02-23T12:58:00.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The succinct answer is: when you have the conjunction &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, splitting a whole phrase in tho parts, each one with its own verb, then the main one must be in the &lt;strong&gt;indicative mood&lt;/strong&gt;, and the second one in the &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive mood&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the sentence you gave:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is likely that he will continue to develop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es probable que él continúe desarrollándose (o desarrollando).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Going a little further:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a phrase like &lt;strong&gt;es probable que&lt;/strong&gt;, you have three main things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That is a phrase in the present tense, and as is the main one, must be in indicative.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since it has a &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; conjunction, what follows it must be in subjunctive mood.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since the main verb is in present tense, the subordinated phrase (that is the name of those sentences following a &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;) must be in the same present tense, but in the subjunctive mood.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for instance we may have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es probable que Miguel aparezca esta tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But: what happens when the main sentence is in &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;? Well, in this case the subordinated phrase must also be in imperfect tense, in the subjunctive mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era probable que Miguel apareciera esta tarde (ahora sabemos que no vendrá).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T13:06:21.420" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T13:06:21.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12132" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12133" CreationDate="2015-02-23T16:17:03.193" Score="3" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another sample sentence I came across:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le añadiremos aceite al motor cuando lo necesite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; refer to, and is it necessary?  &lt;strong&gt;aceite&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;el motor&lt;/strong&gt;? (Or something else I'm not seeing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T16:39:18.913" Title="What does &quot;le&quot; refer to in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12132" CreationDate="2015-02-23T16:33:14.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Añadiremos aceite al motor cuando lo necesite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;has the same meaning of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Nosotros) (le) añadiremos aceite al motor cuando &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; necesite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Añadir&lt;/code&gt; is transitive. &lt;code&gt;Aceite&lt;/code&gt; is the direct objet and &lt;code&gt;motor&lt;/code&gt; stands for the indirect. &lt;code&gt;Le&lt;/code&gt; is a pronoun referring to &lt;code&gt;el motor&lt;/code&gt;. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE rules for pronouns&lt;/a&gt; we use &quot;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as a pronoun referring to the indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you had been talking about the oil then you could have said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; añadiremos cuando el motor lo necesite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we use &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as a pronoun for the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that in the same sentence of your example you are using &quot;lo&quot; to refer to the oil, just because in that case the meaning is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El motor necesita aceite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;code&gt;aceite&lt;/code&gt; will be the direct complement (&quot;El motor &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; necesita&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T16:39:18.913" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T16:39:18.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12130" CreationDate="2015-02-23T18:17:35.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may hear people say future tense as such, but probably more likely due to influence from conditional (which exists in an odd modal space and can be used naturally there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Present subjunctive can stand in for &lt;em&gt;either&lt;/em&gt; present &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; future temporal references:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es probable que &lt;em&gt;llueva&lt;/em&gt; [ahora | luego]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you've started your sentence with a present tense references (&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;), if you want to refer to a more distint future, you should use the periphrastic future: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es probable que &lt;em&gt;vaya a llover&lt;/em&gt; [mañana]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to use a true future subjunctive, but that would require an initial future tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;será probable que &lt;em&gt;lloviere&lt;/em&gt; [después]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you would rarely, if ever, want to do that in that modern Spanish.  So in your example, you can absolute use quite simply the present subjunctive, or, if you really feel the need to emphasize the futuristic aspect, you can use the periphrastic future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es probable que él siga desarrollándose. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es probable que él vaya a seguir desarrollándose. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T22:20:42.820" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T22:20:42.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12138" CreationDate="2015-02-24T02:30:53.123" Score="2" ViewCount="302" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son los verbos que en el período medieval o áurico tenía formas fuertes (pretérito irregular al que corresponden las terminaciones &lt;em&gt;-e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -(i)eron&lt;/em&gt; en la modernidad)?  Por ejemplo, en el español moderno, tenemos &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; cuya forma pretérita indefinida de la primera persona singular es «anduve».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;medir&lt;/em&gt; también pertenecían a este grupo exclusivo (yo &lt;em&gt;conduve&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mise&lt;/em&gt;) pero ahora tienen flexión regular, pero no sabía si hay más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T15:42:40.297" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T15:42:40.297" Title="Pretéritos fuertes desusados" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12137" CreationDate="2015-02-24T02:52:28.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Claro, justo después de preguntar, encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-93032009000100003&amp;amp;script=sci_arttext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.  Modificando la información allí un poco, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ceñir&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;cinx-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;creer&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;crov-&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(sería &lt;em&gt;cruv-&lt;/em&gt; ahora)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fuir&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;fux-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prender&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;pris-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;responder&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;respus-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sov-&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(sería &lt;em&gt;suv-&lt;/em&gt; ahora)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reír&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ris-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vivir&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;visc-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;yacer&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;yog-&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(sería &lt;em&gt;yug-&lt;/em&gt; ahora)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T04:44:01.377" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T04:44:01.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-24T08:33:35.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just avoid using that word at all. Even in casual conversations it is vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T08:33:35.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-24T15:08:23.357" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should only use that word when you are trying to offend someone. Likely examples are in the same vein as calling someone shitface, you would say 'cara de verga' which is common in México, but as i said before is meant to insult, in méxico people use double meanings and as a joke you could call a real close friend, who gets that you are joking with that sentence, but only you can know who to call like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use it myself, even if people think im a little vulgar, sentences you could hear usually are: 'me vale verga' = &quot;I don't give a f***&quot; and those mentioned before, like vete a la... and Esta de la ... Is important to note you are not referring to a particular person when you use the word in the examples, in that way people will think of you as a vulgar person but dont get offended because you are not calling them verga, you are using the word against the environment or situations. Is like cursing in english or using the f word a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8553" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T15:29:59.647" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T15:29:59.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12148" CreationDate="2015-02-24T15:27:16.697" Score="6" ViewCount="1587" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-hit_wonder&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;one hit wonder&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un grupo o cantante que es famoso por una única canción muy exitosa, mientras que el resto de su discografía pasa prácticamente desapercibido. Algunos ejemplos serían &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany&amp;#39;s_(song)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Breakfast at Tiffany's&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; de Deep Blue Something, &quot;La Macarena&quot; de Los del Río, o incluso el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Af372EQLck&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;canon de Pachelbel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (parece ser que a pesar del éxito de Johann Pachelbel en su día hoy sólo se le conoce por el canon que lleva su nombre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;one hit wonder&lt;/em&gt; es traducido en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=one+hit+wonder&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estrella efímera de un único éxito resonante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-hit_wonder&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;maravilla de un solo éxito; artista que generalmente es conocido por un solo sencillo exitoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que la definición del término es más o menos restrictiva, dependiendo de si nos queremos referir a artistas que tienen una canción dentro de un determinado ranking (UK Singles Chart, Billboard Hot 100,...) o que son sólo conocidos por tener un único exitazo musical en toda su carrera, pero la acepción más popular es la de &quot;artista(s) famoso(s) por un &lt;em&gt;único&lt;/em&gt; exitazo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, hasta donde yo sé, nadie usa &quot;estrella efímera de un único éxito&quot; o &quot;maravilla de un solo éxito&quot; o &quot;artista sólo conocido un un único sencillo exitoso&quot;. Esos términos suenan un poco rebuscados o incluso pedantes, más explicativos que descriptivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuál puede ser un término sencillo y elegante en español para traducir &lt;em&gt;&quot;one hit wonder&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:21:54.177" Title="Traducción sencilla y elegante para &quot;one hit wonder&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-02-24T15:56:37.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece difícil. No consigo nada más breve que lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estrella de un solo éxito&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene ya algunas ocurrencias en Internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estrellas de un solo éxito: ¿cuál es tu one-hit wonder favorito?&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111118/estrellas-solo-exito-cual-tu-one-hit-wonder-favorito/476306.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111118/estrellas-solo-exito-cual-tu-one-hit-wonder-favorito/476306.shtml&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;20 'one hit wonders': estrellas de un solo éxito&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://elcomercio.pe/luces/musica/20-one-hit-wonders-estrellas-solo-exito-noticia-1751545&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elcomercio.pe/luces/musica/20-one-hit-wonders-estrellas-solo-exito-noticia-1751545&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] arreglaban, interpretaban y producían discos muy influyentes de música disco y R&amp;amp;B, tanto para artistas ya establecidos, como para estrellas de un sólo éxito, como [...]&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chic&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: me he tomado la libertad de corregir eso de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;maravilla&lt;/strong&gt; de un solo éxito&amp;quot; en la entrada de la Wikipedia de &amp;quot;One hit wonder&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;estrella&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; parece mucho más apropiado que &amp;quot;maravilla&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T16:02:13.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12144" CreationDate="2015-02-24T16:31:21.303" Score="4" ViewCount="65434" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el examen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ceneval.edu.mx/ceneval-web/content.do?page=1738&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ceneval EXANI-II&lt;/a&gt; que se aplica a los aspirantes para licenciatura viene esta pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos estudiado todo el temario, no _______ haciendo el examen&#xA;  extraordinario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A) estuviéramos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;B) estuviésemos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;C) estaríamos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;D) estaremos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la respuesta correcta y por qué? La A, B y C parecen correctas pero la única que corresponde a la misma conjugación que &quot;hubiéramos&quot; es &quot;estuviéramos&quot; la A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="85" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T16:36:56.790" LastActivityDate="2019-12-04T13:49:42.173" Title="¿Cuál es la respuesta correcta para &quot;Si hubiéramos estudiado todo el temario, no _______ haciendo el examen extraordinario&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12143" CreationDate="2015-02-24T16:40:08.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta correcta es la C. Se trata de un caso común de &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos/condicional-simple&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;condicional simple&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos estudiado &lt;em&gt;(en su momento)&lt;/em&gt; todo el temario, no estaríamos &lt;em&gt;(ahora)&lt;/em&gt; haciendo el examen extraordinario &lt;em&gt;(también conocido como examen de recuperación)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, como pista/truco para exámenes tipo test, la A y la B puedes descartarlas puesto que se trata en realidad de la misma respuesta (son las dos formas del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo del verbo estar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2019-12-04T13:49:42.173" LastActivityDate="2019-12-04T13:49:42.173" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12143" CreationDate="2015-02-24T16:54:14.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí la única que suena bien es la opción C:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos estudiado todo el temario, no &lt;strong&gt;estaríamos&lt;/strong&gt; haciendo el examen extraordinario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que este condicional explica una situación irreal en el pasado (un hecho que no se ha producido) y por tanto usa  el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo en la subordinada y el condicional o condicional perfecto de indicativo en la oración principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos estudiado todo el temario, habríamos aprobado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos aprobado todo, ahora estaríamos en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiéramos estudiado todo el temario, no habríamos tenido que hacer otro examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiésemos construido un bunker, ahora estaríamos a salvo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiésemos invertido en Google al comienzo de su carrera, ahora seríamos ricos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviésemos el otro libro sabríamos las respuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T18:01:46.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-02-24T21:25:30.300" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Flor de un día&quot; se utiliza habitualmente para referirse a éxitos efímeros que no se repiten, al menos en España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8483" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T21:25:30.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T00:14:38.550" Score="3" ViewCount="998" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always refer to The United States of America in Spanish as «&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; Estados Unidos&gt;&gt;.  But today I came across an article entitled &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.absolut-china.com/china-acusa-a-estados-unidos-de-rehuir-compromisos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;China acusa a Estados Unidos de rehuir compromisos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Notice the lack of definite article in the name of the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an acceptable or common practice? Is it perhaps because this is a headline, and headlines often omit certain words for brevity?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T02:44:57.260" Title="Name of the &quot;United States&quot;" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12149" CreationDate="2015-02-25T00:48:00.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is only based on my experience as a user language Spanish of Chile, I don't know if there rules on the matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For us the name of the country is &lt;strong&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/strong&gt;. Users don't have awareness that we are talking about &quot;a group of states that are united&quot;, in which case would feel the need of an article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A map translated into Spanish label the country as &quot;Estados Unidos&quot;, not as &quot;Los Estados Unidos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the normal mode is no article. And when we say &lt;strong&gt;los Estados Unidos&lt;/strong&gt;  is just a matter of style, as in &quot;&lt;em&gt;la China&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;el Japón&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T00:48:00.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-02-25T02:17:56.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, &quot;llamarada de petate&quot; se usa para lo mismo. El petate se consume rápidamente, entonces la llama que crea es de muy corta duración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8553" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T12:21:54.177" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:21:54.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12149" CreationDate="2015-02-25T02:44:57.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is an acceptable common practice. It hasn't been done for brevity in the headline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some names of countries &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; have the article (eg. &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; Salvador), while others can &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12102/5481&quot;&gt;have it or not&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(El) Afganistán; (La) Argentina; (Las) Bahamas; (La) India.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;Estados Unidos&quot; only &lt;em&gt;needs&lt;/em&gt; to have the &quot;los&quot; when we refer to the country as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Los&lt;/strong&gt; Estados Unidos de América&quot;. Otherwise is kind of optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, even if is &quot;Estado&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; Unido&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/el-alcazar-de-la-lengua-el-uso-del-articulo-en-los-nombres-de-paises-4464/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it is treated as a singular&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estados Unidos &lt;strong&gt;mantiene&lt;/strong&gt; su advertencia contra Irán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless you use the &quot;los&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Estados Unidos &lt;strong&gt;mantienen&lt;/strong&gt; su advertencia contra Irán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that we favor &quot;Estados Unidos&quot;, but is not unusual to see &quot;Los Estados Unidos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T02:44:57.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12166" CreationDate="2015-02-25T05:40:25.317" Score="4" ViewCount="39241" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;Como estas&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Como estás&lt;/code&gt; with an accent??? Does it mean something else???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T18:38:11.917" Title="What is the difference between &quot;Como estas&quot; and Como estás&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12153" CreationDate="2015-02-25T09:52:59.633" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I'd like to say that it'd be better if you write the whole sentences, just to get the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'll try to translate them both literally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como éstas =&gt; like these ones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex: Yo también tengo unas zapatillas como éstas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como éstas =&gt; eat these ones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex: Tú te comes esas patatas, yo me como éstas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás? =&gt; How are you? (You have to write the graphic accent&#xA;  since it's a question)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como estas =&gt; like these&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex: Tus pulseras son tan bonicas como estas diademas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2225" LastEditorUserId="2225" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T10:18:16.670" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T10:18:16.670" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12156" CreationDate="2015-02-25T12:39:06.983" Score="1" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say the following in sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your goal is to decided how related the two meanings of this word are&#xA;  to one another. Another way to think of this would be, how similar, on&#xA;  a scale of one to seven, in meaning are these two meanings to one&#xA;  another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su objetivo es determinar el grado de relación entre las dos&#xA;  definiciones. Otra manera de pensar de esto es, que vas a decidir en&#xA;  una escala de uno a siete, si lo que las definiciones significan son&#xA;  similar o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone fix this or make it so that the meaning of what I'm trying to say gets across easier.  Does this at all seem unclear? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8505" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T08:57:13.123" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T08:57:13.123" Title="How to translate a sentence about an experiment?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12155" CreationDate="2015-02-25T15:33:06.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Su objetivo es determinar el grado de relación entre las dos definiciones. Otra manera de pensar esto es &quot;en una escala del uno a siete&quot;, si las definiciones tienen un significado similar o no.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que la traducción no siempre se puede realizar literalmente, se requiere contextualizar el texto para obtener una mejor comprensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T15:38:37.563" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T15:38:37.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12155" CreationDate="2015-02-25T16:13:57.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su objetivo (or &quot;El objetivo&quot;) es determinar el grado de relación entre las dos definiciones. Una manera de pensar &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; esto es que &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; a decidir, en una escala de uno a siete, si lo que las definiciones significan son similar&lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use or preposition &quot;&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;de&quot; for &quot;think of this&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Su&lt;/strong&gt; objetivo&quot; say &quot;(usted) va a decidir&quot;. If you say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt; objetivo&quot; then use &quot;(tú) &lt;strong&gt;vas&lt;/strong&gt; a decidir&quot;. I would stick to the formal language for a form like this. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lo que las definiciones significan &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; similar&lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; concordance of number here. To improve it even further &quot;si los significados de las definiciones son similares&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T16:13:57.480" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-02-25T16:13:57.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3983" CreationDate="2015-02-25T19:50:03.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene que ver con la película. Un torito es una pregunta aparentemente sencilla pero de difícil respuesta, y generalmente se arroja con cierta malicia. Ya sea a manera de broma, o para &quot;bajarle los humos&quot; a una persona que se cree sabiondo y lo haces que falle en una pregunta aparentemente fácil. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un torito muuuuy obvio podría ser... por ejemplo, preguntarte por qué las Islas Canarias reciben ese nombre, la respuesta aparentemente simple (por un canario) es incorrecta, la respuesta acertada es muy clara y lógica (por los perros... o canes). La respuesta correcta no es tan difícil, pero difícilmente le acertarán ya que hay una aparente respuesta obvia a la vista por la que todos se irán, pero esta es incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa misma denominación se puede aplicar en cualquier cosa que tenga una respuesta aparentemente evidente, pero que sea errónea. En matemáticas también se usa esa expresión, cuando el profesor les pone a sus alumnos un problema cuya solución es aparentemente simple, pero resulta que se soluciona de una manera completamente diferente a como uno piensa a simple vista (Seguro te aplicaron eso varias veces cuando estudiaste álgebra o cálculo en la escuela).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8563" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T19:50:03.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4732" CreationDate="2015-02-25T19:55:34.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así es, viene de que anteriormente los lavaderos eran punto de reunión de las amas de casa, y mientras pasaban horas tallando la ropa platicaban entre ellas y se ponían al tanto de las actividades de los demás. Así pues, los lavaderos eran el sitio donde circulaban todo tipo de rumores. La expresión &quot;chismes de lavadero&quot; tiene una cierta connotación peyorativa y algo clasista, por ejemplo, si le quieres hablar mal de una persona, tu interlocutor te podría responder que &quot;no le interesan los chismes de lavadero&quot;. O lo puede usar para descalificar el rumor &quot;No creo que engañe a su esposo, de seguro no es más que un chisme de lavadero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8563" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T19:55:34.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5082" CreationDate="2015-02-25T20:07:50.220" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chale hacía referencia a un chino, anteriormente se les denominaba de esa manera a los orientales y, por añadidura a las cosas que venían de esa región. Anteriormente las importaciones chinas eran consideradas de muy mala calidad, y era común que se dañaran o descompusieran rápidamente. Por ejemplo cuando fallaba un televisor se decía que &quot;salió chale&quot; (resultó que era un televisor chino), con el tiempo el término &quot;chale&quot; dejó se asociarse a lo oriental, no obstante se convirtió en una interjección que denota cierto fastidio ante algún tipo de infortunio, como cuando se daña un aparato (Chale con esta porquería de teléfono), cuando no alcanzas a tomar el autobús (Chale, ya se me fue el autobús) o cuando recibes alguna noticia no agradable (&quot;Se enfermó de nuevo Juan&quot; &quot;Chale, ¿Y ahora de qué?&quot;), o nada más para quejarte (&quot;Chale, no deja de hacer calor&quot;).&#xA;He de anotar que la palabra ha perdido casi por completo su connotación peyorativa, no obstante es una palabra muuuy informal que se reserva a círculos sociales muy informales, ya que se considera que dicha expresión denota poca instrucción académica.&#xA;En el ejemplo que pones denotaría cierta inconformidad, es decir, B no tiene deseos de visitar a Juanita, pero lo hará no de buena voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8563" LastEditorUserId="8563" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T20:13:52.537" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T20:13:52.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4918" CreationDate="2015-02-25T20:11:32.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un término que heredamos de los españoles, ellos lo usan para referirse a los franceses, aquí en México se usó por analogía para referirse a un extranjero rubio, y con el tiempo ya por costumbre se denominó así a nuestros vecinos del Norte. No tiene connotación racista ni peyorativa, simplemente es una manera informal de referirse a ellos o a lo que viene del Norte (Por ejemplo una camioneta &quot;gabacha&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8563" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T20:11:32.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12162" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-26T02:03:11.687" Score="3" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am listening to &quot;Simply Audio&quot; CDs of books (read in Spanish). One of them is &quot;Goodbye, Mr. Chips&quot; which I would expect to be translated as &quot;Adios, Señor Chips&quot; but instead it is &quot;Adios, Mr. Chips&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the English &quot;Mr.&quot; retained/not translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-02-26T14:19:54.000" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T14:19:54.000" Title="Why is &quot;Mr.&quot; not translated to &quot;Señor&quot; in &quot;Goodbye, Mr. Chips&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12162" CreationDate="2015-02-26T11:44:21.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't a specific rule, but it is possible that the translators felt that the entire 'Mr. Chips' is an indivisible proper noun and therefore chose not to break it up and translate its parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T11:44:21.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12162" CreationDate="2015-02-26T12:33:10.387" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, it is not unusual to retain the original titles, if only to remark the nationality of the person to whom they apply. You can also find references to &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2012/02/06/actualidad/1328546572_289709.html&quot;&gt;Frau Merkel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2013/12/30/opinion/1388430791_382869.html&quot;&gt;Monsieur Hollande&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, even in original (not translated) texts. I am not saying that this is extremely usual, but it is not unusual. At least, for English, French or German titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, in this case we would not use the article. So, we could write &lt;em&gt;Las propuestas de la señora Merkel&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;Las propuestas de Frau Merkel&lt;/em&gt;. The latter construction remarks the fact that she is German.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T12:33:10.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12153" CreationDate="2015-02-26T18:18:53.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;C&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;mo estás is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;how&quot; + the informal conjugated form of estar; the unshortened phrase is ¿Cómo estás tú? Note the accent in &quot;cómo¨ which is placed due to this being a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;How are you?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;===========================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como estas is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;how/like&quot; + &quot;these&quot;   ... followed by a feminine plural object. (Likewise for example, como este would be &quot;how this&quot; followed by a masculine singular noun.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this would be part of a larger sentence typically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;===========================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, with the accent like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como éstas   &amp;lt;-------- &quot;how/like&quot; + &quot;these&quot;, same as above, except éstas with the accent is a pronoun and stands in for the object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2799" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T18:18:53.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12169" CreationDate="2015-02-27T01:29:37.980" Score="4" ViewCount="22438" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El maestro ......... lee un libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer to the above blank is 'nos' or 'les'. But it made me confused why 'los' also not was the correct choice. As I know both mean 'them' and both are the object pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be grateful if somebody would be able to explain me the exact differences between the &lt;code&gt;los&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;les&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:16:48.810" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:16:48.810" Title="The difference between the use of &quot;les&quot; and &quot;los&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;declinación&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12167" CreationDate="2015-02-27T02:25:16.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los&quot; can both mean &quot;them&quot; or &quot;the&quot;. For example: &quot;cuidado con los bandidos&quot; and &quot;la niñera nueva los cuida muy bien&quot; are both correct uses of &quot;los&quot;. However, in your example it wouldn't be right. Either &quot;nos&quot; or &quot;les&quot; would be correct, the first meaning he reads US a book, and the second meaning he reads THEM a book. &quot;Los&quot; would be an improper use in that case, but it's a very common mistake within mainland Spain and it's called &quot;loísmo&quot;. Wikipedia explains everything about it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loísmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8571" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T02:25:16.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12167" CreationDate="2015-02-27T02:25:44.017" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot;&gt;the usage of pronouns &lt;em&gt;lo(s), la(s), le(s)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; might be useful. Basically, &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; are pronouns used to refer to the direct complement in a sentence, while &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; is used to refer to a indirect complement&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets see the parts of the sentence in your example. Its clear that &quot;el maestro&quot; is the subject and &quot;lee&quot; is the verb. Then you could say that &quot;he reads &lt;em&gt;something to somebody&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. The &quot;something&quot; (what he reads) is the direct complement and the &quot;somebody&quot; (who is being read) is the indirect one. In case of doubt, the c.d. becomes the subject if you turn the sentence to passive voice (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;El libro&lt;/strong&gt; es leído por el maestro). And the indirect object usually is preceded by a prepositions like &quot;a&quot; or &quot;para&quot; in Spanish (&quot;Lee el libro &lt;strong&gt;a alguien&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you are looking for a pronoun that stands for &quot;us&quot;, or &quot;them&quot; or &quot;the students&quot;, but the important thing is that, syntactically, that pronoun stands for an &lt;strong&gt;indirect object&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then check the table in the link I provided at the beginning of the answer. The pronoun that we use for a indirect object is &lt;strong&gt;le/les&lt;/strong&gt;. Never &lt;em&gt;&quot;los&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El maestro &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; lee un libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is wrong, since is a case of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=brlwWceSGD6zzJ7sJ5&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;loismo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which is the improper use of the pronoun &quot;los&quot; for a direct complement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-02-27T02:44:30.500" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T02:44:30.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12167" CreationDate="2015-02-27T03:04:50.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El maestro los lee&quot; would mean that the teacher reads THEM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El maestro les lee&quot; means the teacher reads TO them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El maestro nos lee&quot; means the teacher reads to US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-09T21:01:21.907" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T21:01:21.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-02-27T03:14:46.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No need to use the word unless in technical situations.  A similar word is 'envergadura' which mostly means how wide, thick, or (in a metaphorical sense) important, something is.  But the other word is quite unnecessary in day-to-day life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(As for the rules: I'm quite sure that in this case, research can be based on personal experience...and is probably what is being asked...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8572" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T03:14:46.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10737" CreationDate="2015-02-27T03:36:46.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of my own experience: The sentence seems more of a composite of two sentences, the first one calling someone's attention to the kids, and the second one giving an opinion of what is being observed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, there is little reason to say anything like that.  It's unusual in a written context.  I'd say, don't get too technical with it.  That's not the best way to learn a language...in my &quot;humble&quot; opinion :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;===&#xA;Update:  Now that I read it again, it seems to imply some sort of doubt (note: My experience is as a native spaker and reader of the language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8572" LastEditorUserId="8572" LastEditDate="2015-02-28T22:46:33.203" LastActivityDate="2015-02-28T22:46:33.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12176" CreationDate="2015-02-27T08:27:44.347" Score="1" ViewCount="2093" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding the pretérito perfecto tense, here is what I can gather so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;We CAN use it...:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For recent actions, i.e. within a timeframe still incomplete i.e. today, this week etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Past actions that continue or repeat into the present, or continue to affect the present.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Often used with the adverb &quot;ya&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;We CANNOT use it...:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express actions which started in the past but are still in progress, e.g. I might use &quot;llevo tres años viviendo aqui&quot; instead of &quot;hace tres años que he vivido aquí&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express having just done something. Here you would use &quot;acabar de&quot; + infinitive. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I tried to express the fact that I lived in England for a year and I said &quot;vivía un año en Inglaterra&quot;. I was told by a Spanish friend that this was incorrect and I should have said &quot;he vivido un año en Inglaterra&quot; or &quot;viví un año en Inglaterra&quot;. I understand why the latter can be used (i.e. the pretérito indefinido) but I was surprised by the suggestion that I should use the pretérito perfecto as it was clear that I was living there several years ago, and to me &lt;b&gt;it had no connection with the present&lt;/b&gt;. So, was my friend correct in suggesting that I use the pretérito perfecto in this case? If so, it doesn't seem to be covered by the rules I state above, so what new rule do I need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8408" LastEditorUserId="8408" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T13:19:00.160" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T13:19:00.160" Title="Pretérito perfecto and when to use it" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12178" CreationDate="2015-02-27T09:00:27.713" Score="1" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning about past and perfect tenses, still it's quite hard to determine their meanings sometimes. Let's say I have these 3 sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He aprendido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aprendo hace 2 horas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aprendí hace 2 horas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, here is what I understand about them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;He aprendido&quot; means &quot;I have studied&quot; (as Present perfect in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Aprendo hace 2 horas&quot; means &quot;I've been studying for 2 hours&quot;, so I am still studying (Present perfect continuous)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Aprendí hace 2 horas&quot; means &quot;I studied 2 hours ago&quot; (Simple past in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they all true? Or are they interpreted differently in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8537" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-11-08T09:40:37.183" LastActivityDate="2019-11-08T09:40:37.183" Title="Are the simple past and perfect tense in Spanish used the same way as they are used in English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12174" CreationDate="2015-02-27T11:30:36.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the present perfect for actions recently finished. If you lived in England recently, your friend is right: you should say &lt;em&gt;He vivido un año en Inglaterra&lt;/em&gt;. It can also be used as part of a recent action, even if this is not so recent in itself. For instance, if you have not seen your friend for a long time and he asks you about your life since you last met, you may say: &lt;em&gt;He vivido un año en Inglaterra y luego otros cinco en Italia&lt;/em&gt;. You lived in England five years ago, but now you are talking about this as a part of your life that ends now, or very recently, so the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt; is the correct tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you lived there some time ago, you should say &lt;em&gt;Viví un año en Inglaterra&lt;/em&gt;, using the &lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;. But the use of the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Vivía un año en Inglaterra&lt;/em&gt;) is wrong in most cases. You can use it in some cases when you are not being precise about the past. For instance: &lt;em&gt;Pasé mi juventud en muchos países: igual vivía un año en Inglaterra que pasaba seis meses en Jamaica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally: one of your examples in your &lt;strong&gt;We CANNOT use it&lt;/strong&gt; section is wrong. &lt;em&gt;Hace tres años que vivo aquí&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly good, though it is not &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Hace tres años que he vivido aquí&lt;/em&gt; would, on the contrary, be an incorrect use of the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T11:30:36.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12175" CreationDate="2015-02-27T16:23:09.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you understood the usage of the tenses correctly, but you still have some trouble conjugating the right form. From your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aprendido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does mean &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;I have&lt;/strong&gt; studied&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aprendido a coser con mi abuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aprendido a hablar español en El Salvador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A correction for the Present perfect continuous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo estudiando dos horas / He estado estudiando dos horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That conveys the meaning of &amp;quot;I've been studying for 2 hours&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;I've been doing something for a period of time&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo estudiando inglés desde que era pequeño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo esperándote dos horas / He estado esperándote dos horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the Simple past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendí hace dos horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendí a montar en bicicleta cuando tenía ocho años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendí a hacer esto hace X tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T20:03:08.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12175" CreationDate="2015-02-27T20:17:19.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you haven't grasped the complete sense inside Spanish verbal tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/strong&gt; (a.k.a. &lt;em&gt;antepresente&lt;/em&gt;, or just &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He aprendido → I have learnt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phrase does not mean &quot;I have studied&quot;, because you can learn by other means besides studying. It expresses that you were learning, and in the moment you say this (present time) you have already done that process, so you can be sure it is done. Now you have the knowledge that you were learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not think this is the precise equivalent for English &lt;strong&gt;Present perfect&lt;/strong&gt; just because both are &lt;em&gt;built&lt;/em&gt; in a similar way. There are some differences, according to the Spanish-speaking region where you look at. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it is widely used in Spanish from Spain, to express a something about the past, with or without a link to the present. In many countries in South America in those cases is used the &quot;Pretérito imperfecto&quot; or the &quot;Pretérito indefinido&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in most of America, it is used to express something done and already finished in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempo presente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendo hace dos horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a present action, but just as you write it, sounds strange to me. I would write instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendo &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; hace dos horas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estoy aprendiendo desde hace dos horas. → I am learning since two hours ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both convey almost the same meaning in Spanish, as far as I know, because you give a time clause at the end, that stresses the fact that it is something that is being carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito indefinido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendí hace dos horas  → I learnt two hours ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means something completely finished in the past. In your example, this process ended two hours ago, and after that, no further improvement was made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;strong&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/strong&gt; must be used when you are talking about something happened in the past, but not very recently (because if it were too recently, the &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/strong&gt; should be used instead).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T20:17:19.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12180" CreationDate="2015-02-27T22:38:18.033" Score="2" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it proper to use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale actualmente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when comparing two exchange rates? For instance, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 USD Vale actualmente 0.89 EUR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with a meaning roughly equal to &quot;Is worth&quot;? Or is there a better translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8578" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-04T04:11:07.203" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T04:11:07.203" Title="Is &quot;Vale actualmente&quot; proper when comparing currencies?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;finanzas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12179" CreationDate="2015-02-27T23:13:34.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the same words in Spanish, and I'm sure it is widely used in many Spanish speaking regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options are &lt;em&gt;equivale actualmente a&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;corresponde actualmente a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 USD equivale actualmente a 0.89 EUR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 USD corresponde actualmente a 0.89 EUR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that with these two options, the preposition &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; must be used before the second value. This doesn't happen if you use &lt;strong&gt;vale...&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T23:13:34.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12183" CreationDate="2015-02-28T04:59:17.937" Score="1" ViewCount="402" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuimos al resturante y comimos pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was doing some exercise on past tense on Spanish language and this very first question made me confused that how this is a past tense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application on my mobile said the right answer was &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We went to the resturant and ate pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why cannot this be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We go the resturant and eat pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the way it has been constructed so that it has become a past tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="1639" LastEditDate="2015-02-28T09:41:42.060" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T23:12:14.357" Title="The distinction between past and present tense in the following sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12182" CreationDate="2015-02-28T15:49:24.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuimos&lt;/em&gt; is the past tense form of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; (to go). Present tense would be &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt;. Likewise, the present tense form of &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; (to eat) is &lt;em&gt;comemos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vamos&lt;/strong&gt; al restaurante y &lt;strong&gt;comemos&lt;/strong&gt; pasta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be present tense, first person, plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-02-28T15:49:24.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12185" CreationDate="2015-02-28T18:09:19.453" Score="1" ViewCount="431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not understand why in Spanish the following sentence makes sense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando Jaime cumpla 50 años, vamos a darle una fiesta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this does not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando Jaime  cumpliere 50 años, vamos a darle una fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we are referring to Jamie, don't we use the future tense of el/ella instead of the present tense of yo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8582" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-02T15:48:57.910" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T15:48:57.910" Title="Subjunctive Third-person singular" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12184" CreationDate="2015-02-28T19:30:02.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a somewhat advanced topic in Spanish, and a not so easy one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A brief explanation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cumpla&lt;/strong&gt; is the present tense of subjunctive mood of the verb &lt;em&gt;cumplir&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;both&lt;/strong&gt; the first and third persons singular. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=ItaXfmTPfVcRjyKa0c37&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check its conjugation with RAE.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you use the conjunction &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; to join both the main and the subordinated sentence, you are faced with two situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with &lt;em&gt;non real facts&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. facts that haven't actually or yet happened, you use the &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive mood&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You use it in the present of subjunctive for future hypothetical events.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vamos a&lt;/strong&gt; darle una fiesta &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; Jaime &lt;strong&gt;cumpla&lt;/strong&gt; 50 años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Le &lt;strong&gt;haremos&lt;/strong&gt; una fiesta &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; Jaime &lt;strong&gt;cumpla&lt;/strong&gt; 50 años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Iremos&lt;/strong&gt; al concierto de Iron Maiden &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;vuelvan&lt;/strong&gt; a Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You use it in preterite of subjunctive for past events that didn't happen, events you want to express that you expected to happen.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Íbamos a&lt;/strong&gt; darle una fiesta &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; Jaime &lt;strong&gt;cumpliese&lt;/strong&gt; 50 años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Queríamos&lt;/strong&gt; saludar a nuestros amigos &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;visitaran&lt;/strong&gt; nuestra ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You never use future of subjunctive in these cases in present day Spanish. @guifa gives good information about this fact in his own answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no sense using &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; for present situations, that is the reason for only past (using preterite of subjunctive) and future (using present of subjunctive).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with &lt;em&gt;real facts&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. facts that actually happened, you use the &lt;strong&gt;indicative mood&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This situation can only be used with past events (because you cannot speak about facts that actually happened in the future).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teníamos&lt;/strong&gt; la fiesta lista &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; Jaime &lt;strong&gt;llegó&lt;/strong&gt; a casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Recorrimos&lt;/strong&gt; todo el centro de la ciudad &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;visitamos&lt;/strong&gt; París.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, I've just written your examples in the &quot;canonical&quot; order: first the main sentence, then the subordinated one. This &lt;strong&gt;is not&lt;/strong&gt; the only right order, you can write it just as you did in your question. This is another advantage of having a subjunctive mood differentiated from the indicative: you can easily recognize the subordinated sentence from the main one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more syntactical summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides some marginal cases, we can summarize these examples with the following rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hypothetical facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For hypothetical future events:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: future of indicative (or &quot;proximal future&quot; of indicative, using &lt;strong&gt;ir a&lt;/strong&gt; with an infinitive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Subordinated sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: present of subjunctive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For hypothetical past events: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: imperfect (a.k.a. indefinite).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Subordinated sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: preterite of subjunctive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Real facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For past events, you can use both forms of preterite of indicative. Which one to use depends on the specific differences we have with these two forms.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: any form of preterite of indicative.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Subordinated sentence&lt;/strong&gt;: any form of preterite of indicative.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T13:00:52.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-01T01:04:37.903" Score="2" ViewCount="1286" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure out what &lt;code&gt;pesas un huevo&lt;/code&gt; means.  I know that &lt;code&gt;huevos&lt;/code&gt; sometimes translates to testicles, so is this sexual/vulgar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8584" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:52:13.010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:52:13.010" Title="What does &quot;pesas un huevo&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12186" CreationDate="2015-03-01T01:31:51.140" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Huevos besides testicles is also used as a intensifier. So the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pesas un huevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're heavy as hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it with lot of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me importa un huevo. [In don't give a shit]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me costó un huevo. [It was hard as shit]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caminé un huevo. [I walked a lot]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, it's vulgar, but pretty normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-01T21:47:34.113" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12184" CreationDate="2015-03-01T04:40:54.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, your second sentence &lt;em&gt;made&lt;/em&gt; sense, but it doesn't make sense.  &lt;sub&gt;(get? tense joke...)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old Spanish allowed the use of future subjunctive in this situation just like modern Portuguese and Galician do.  Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;tuviere&lt;/strong&gt; más dinero, comprarélo.  &lt;sub&gt;(castellano áurico)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quando &lt;strong&gt;tiver&lt;/strong&gt; mais dinheiro, comprá-lo-ei.  &lt;sub&gt;(português moderno)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cando &lt;strong&gt;tiver&lt;/strong&gt; mais diñeiro, compraréio.  &lt;sub&gt;(galego moderno)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But modern Spanish does not.  Instead, the present subjunctive is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; más dinero, lo compraré. &lt;sub&gt;(castellano moderno)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is technically permissible to use future subjunctive in modern Spanish, but no one actually uses it in spoken language, and only a very small number of people would use it regularly in writing.  It's really only used in legal texts where the small distinction made between present and future subjunctive is quite important (&lt;em&gt;el que mate al rey&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;el que matare al rey&lt;/em&gt; being the standard example given).  Also, in my experience, it's almost exclusively used alongside the simple future, rather than the periphrastic, so if you did want to use it, the better way would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando Jaime &lt;strong&gt;cumpliere&lt;/strong&gt; 50 años, le &lt;strong&gt;daremos&lt;/strong&gt; una fiesta. &lt;sub&gt;(castellano moderno requeteformal)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, this also has the additional implication that Jaime may or may not actually reach his 50th birthday.  If you use the present subjunctive, we take it as a given that he will indeed reach his 50th birthday.  (also, if we're being that incredible formal, we might as well also use an enclitic pronoun with &lt;em&gt;darémosle&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-02T00:42:06.247" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T00:42:06.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12186" CreationDate="2015-03-01T18:29:40.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, it's equivalent to &quot;pesas mucho&quot;. In English it would be &quot;You're very weighty&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8589" LastActivityDate="2015-03-01T18:29:40.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-03-02T17:04:02.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Avoid its use in Colombia,  is a very vulgar word and is often related to street slang specially in north coast of our country.  In large cities is not well seen as it denotes poor or street background,  lack of education,  intention to offense and in general defines a person as vulgar, not trustable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T17:04:02.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12155" CreationDate="2015-03-02T17:06:53.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your goal is to decided how related the two meanings of this word are to one another. Another way to think of this would be, how similar, on a scale of one to seven, in meaning are these two meanings to one another&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su objetivo es decidir que tan relacionados están los significados de esta palabra uno con otro.  Otra forma de pensar en esto seria,  que tan similares o parecidos en una escala de uno a siete,  son en significado, los significados uno comparado con el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-04T03:11:57.690" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T03:11:57.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12197" CreationDate="2015-03-03T05:20:43.430" Score="8" ViewCount="11691" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between 'Luego' and 'entonces'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know they both mean &quot;then&quot;. Do they mean other things as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:59:03.323" LastActivityDate="2020-03-01T19:30:49.350" Title="Difference between &quot;luego&quot; and &quot;entonces&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12196" CreationDate="2015-03-03T05:39:53.373" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Luego&lt;/strong&gt; is generally quite specific to time and in isolation might be most accurately translated as &lt;em&gt;later on&lt;/em&gt;. In some countries, it can also substitute for &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;luego de hacer algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entonces&lt;/strong&gt; has a bit more of a connotation of &lt;em&gt;and therefore&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;so (then)&lt;/em&gt; when used with that same future-oriented sense. It cannot have the meaning &lt;em&gt;after [something]&lt;/em&gt; as in the &lt;em&gt;luego de [algo]&lt;/em&gt; construction. It also can have a past-oriented meaning —that &lt;em&gt;luego&lt;/em&gt; lacks— meaning &lt;em&gt;back then&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T05:57:12.890" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T05:57:12.890" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12186" CreationDate="2015-03-03T11:53:08.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use that phrase here too, in Andalusia. And yes, it's translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're heavy as hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8598" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T11:53:08.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2015-03-03T16:15:51.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Dominican Republic we call it &quot;y comercial&quot; since in spanish &quot;y&quot; means &quot;and&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8601" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T16:15:51.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12186" CreationDate="2015-03-03T19:54:10.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the equivalent as your are weighty - same as &quot;pesas mucho&quot; o &quot;estas super pesado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8602" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T19:54:10.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2015-03-03T21:20:08.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La opción correcta es la del condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una cosa que puede ayudar es recordar que una cláusula ordinal nunca puede estar en modo subjuntivo.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Entonces, como plantilla tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si algo &lt;em&gt;hubiera/hubiese&lt;/em&gt; acaecido &lt;sub&gt;(cláusula subordinada)&lt;/sub&gt;, algo ______ acaecido &lt;sub&gt;(cláusula ordinal)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las únicas opciones son las que pertenecen al modo indicativo. Por lo tanto podemos descartar &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Ya que no funcionan temporalmente otras formas como &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;habrá&lt;/em&gt;, la única forma aceptable en el español estándar es &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(o, supongo, &lt;em&gt;iba a haber&lt;/em&gt; que es la forma perifrástica, pero suena fatal)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. A menos que sea exhortativa, que es un caso obvio en su lugar y hoy día se usa casi exclusivamente como mandato o precedido por &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Técnicamente &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt; puede estar en modo indicativo como un pluscuamperfecto simple, pero este tiempo es incompatible con nuestra oración hipotética.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-12T18:12:15.717" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T18:12:15.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12186" CreationDate="2015-03-03T22:04:06.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas expresiones sobre partes del cuerpo que se usan en el sentido de &quot;un precio muy alto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese coche cuesta un ojo de la cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese coche cuesta un riñón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese coche cuesta un huevo [en el sentido de un testículo].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;un huevo&quot;, al contrario que las demás, ha extendido su uso a otros contextos con el sentido general de &quot;mucho&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajas un huevo, pesas un huevo (trabajas mucho, pesas mucho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente, estas expresiones provengan de antiguos castigos o penas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese crimen te costará la cabeza, el cuello, un ojo de la cara [= como castigo te cortarán la cabeza, te cortarán el cuello, te sacarán un ojo de la cara].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8603" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T22:04:06.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12207" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-03T22:28:44.490" Score="0" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of the two &quot;la&quot; words following the 'que&quot; in the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podías decirle a uno de ellos que &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; siguieran pero no &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; podían ver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8604" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T22:37:35.760" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T23:02:16.090" Title="Translation of a sentence" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12207" CreationDate="2015-03-03T22:43:44.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, it means, &amp;quot;you could ask one of them to follow/track &lt;strong&gt;her&lt;/strong&gt;, but they couldn't see &lt;strong&gt;her&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, we are referring to &amp;quot;her&amp;quot; twice, so we have used the pronoun &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; twice for it in the original sentence. In your example there is a couple of subordinate sentences (introduced by those &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podías decirle a uno de ellos que &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; siguieran pero (ellos) no &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; podían ver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podías decirle a uno de ellos que &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; siguieran pero no  podían ver&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podías decirle a uno de ellos que siguieran &lt;strong&gt;a la mujer&lt;/strong&gt;  pero no  podían ver &lt;strong&gt;a la mujer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: in the last case, that &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; is an article instead of a pronoun. In the others &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; stands for &amp;quot;la mujer&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la chica&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la persona&amp;quot; or that who &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;they where asked to follow but they couldn't see&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T23:02:16.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-03T23:25:54.870" Score="1" ViewCount="1461" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m writing a card matching game and want to show the name of the item on the card and say the name of the item. In previous games where we ask the child to find a shape, we’ve left out the gendered article, e.g círculo azul, corazón negro. In this game, we aren’t using any adjectives, just the name of the item. It makes sense to me as a non-Spanish speaker to use them with animals, e.g. el oso, el pájaro. I’m not so sure about emoji, e.g.  : cara sonriente, ❤ : corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a preferred or standard way of handling gendered nouns in games like mine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8605" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T13:54:53.433" Title="Using gender for nouns in a game" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12209" CreationDate="2015-03-04T01:49:49.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter if you use adjectives or not in this game. The &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt; has a gender. The gender of the adjective just agrees with the gender of the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nouns in Spanish can have two genders, &lt;em&gt;masculine&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt;. From your examples, &lt;code&gt;corazón&lt;/code&gt; is masculine (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; corazón) and &lt;code&gt;cara&lt;/code&gt; is feminine (&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cara) (Note that &lt;code&gt;sonriente&lt;/code&gt; is an adjective that has the same form for both genders).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Masculine gender is not just used to refer to masculine individuals, but to refer to the class of the individuals. For example, if I say &quot;los alumnos&quot; I might be referring to both sexes, not just male students. If I say &quot;las alumnas&quot; I'm exclusively referring to females.&#xA;Realize also that there are nouns that are common for both genders (&quot;pianista&quot;, &quot;dentista&quot;). You could use any gender for these (&quot;el/la pianista&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, from your examples, you would use &quot;el oso&quot; or &quot;los osos&quot; to refer to bears. If you had a picture of &quot;mother bear&quot;, where it is evident that is a female you can use &quot;la osa&quot;, but otherwise masculine usually refers to the class. There are exceptions, of course (&quot;las abejas&quot;, &quot;las hormigas&quot;), and only few nouns are ambiguous about gender (&quot;el/la mar&quot;, &quot;el/la editorial&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I would say that there is no special way of handling the nouns, and it should not be difficult to tell which gender to use which for the description of the flashcard or which card to get given a description. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="4251" LastEditDate="2015-03-04T13:54:53.433" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T13:54:53.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12209" CreationDate="2015-03-04T04:24:29.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't clear if your game is completely focused on children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the case, then you could think about not giving the article, since some of those children won't know the grammatical gender of the noun yet. Including the article could lead to confusion, and to deter the player to select the right answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as a summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the aim is to identify just a name, don't use any articles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the aim is to identify both the name and its grammatical gender, you are obviously forced to use the article.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T04:24:29.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12229" CreationDate="2015-03-04T10:53:17.047" Score="6" ViewCount="36288" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarification on the differences among A la mañana / De la mañana / En la mañana / Por la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more of a memo of what I learned but I also appreciate any suggestions/feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'A la mañana' is about the timing (of an event)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'A la mañana siguiente, se fueron todos las personas. (On the next morning, all the people left)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'De la mañana' addresses a specific time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se comienza a las 11 de la mañana. (It starts at 11 in the morning)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'En la mañana' and 'Por la mañana' are more or less the same but 'en' may be more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Limpian las habitaciones por la mañana en los hoteles. (They clean rooms in hotels in the morning)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;References&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/10420&quot;&gt;«Por la mañana» frente a «en la mañana»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T05:13:36.760" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:17:03.527" Title="A la mañana / De la mañana / En la mañana / Por la mañana" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12215" CreationDate="2015-03-04T11:05:37.327" Score="5" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En dos ocasiones ha sido nominado al Oscar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En dos ocasiones fue nominado al Oscar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí la segunda oración es gramaticalmente correcta porque &quot;las dos ocasiones&quot; han terminado ya, pero si había &quot;en muchas ocasiones&quot;, el pretérito perfecto es más correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero mi amiga dice que la primera oración es la correcta. ¿Qué decís vosotros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8607" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-05T19:33:30.690" LastActivityDate="2015-03-07T13:44:05.643" Title="Qué debo utilizar en esta oración?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12214" CreationDate="2015-03-04T11:15:06.343" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Katherine Hepburn fue nominada al Oscar en doce ocasiones&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Katherine Hepburn ya murió, así que no puede ser nominada más veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hillary Swank ha sido nominada al Oscar en dos ocasiones&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hillary Swank está aún viva (long live Hillary!), por lo que aún puede ser nominada más veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves en los ejemplos, la clave aquí está en si aún puede producirse en más ocasiones o no. Si alguien ya no tiene opción de ser nominado otra vez, entonces es correcto decir &quot;fue nominada&quot;; si aún puede, di &quot;ha sido nominada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T11:15:06.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12214" CreationDate="2015-03-05T03:39:07.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre &amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;ha sido&amp;quot; es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; (pretérito perfecto simple): Expresa una acción pasada y terminada o concluída, alejada del presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Fue interesante su discurso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;ha sido&amp;quot; (pretérito perfecto compuesto): Expresa una acción pasada pero relacionada con el presente es decir algo que pasó hace muy poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Ha sido intensa la lluvia de esta madrugada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8612" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T13:11:37.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12213" CreationDate="2015-03-05T03:51:06.863" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all &quot;a la mañana&quot; does not exist if you heard it then it is wrong. &quot; A la mañana siguiente&quot; same thing it is wrong. Here is a good example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana ( tomorrow )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mañana siguiente ( next morning )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la mañana ( in the morning ) a las 11 de la mañana ( 11 AM )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la mañana is correct ( en la mañana is not ) means ( in the morning )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8612" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T03:51:06.863" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12214" CreationDate="2015-03-05T06:18:46.890" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre &quot;fue&quot; y &quot;ha sido&quot; siempre es relativa al periodo de tiempo al que te refieras. Por ejemplo, si nos referimos a este año será &quot;ha sido&quot;, porque este año no ha concluido. Si nos referimos al año pasado deberíamos decir &quot;fue&quot;, porque el año pasado sí ha concluido. Lo mismo para esta semana (ha hecho buen tiempo) o la semana pasada (hizo buen tiempo), ya que la semana pasada ya ha concluido y esta semana aún no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, en tu frase falta saber sobre qué periodo de tiempo estás hablando, eso es lo importante, no el número de veces que ha sido nominado. Si te refieres a que ha sido nominada en esta década, por ejemplo, será &quot;ha sido nominada&quot;, y si es en la década pasada &quot;fue nominada&quot;. Si te refieres a lo largo de su carrera, dependerá de si ésta entiendes que ha concluido o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8613" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T06:18:46.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10737" CreationDate="2015-03-05T13:25:06.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero que todo, en mi opinión la oración &lt;strong&gt;3a&lt;/strong&gt; es simplemente un equivalente a la &lt;strong&gt;3b&lt;/strong&gt;, con el sintagma &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; en otra posición. Este sintagma no es sujeto del verbo &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt;, pues &lt;strong&gt;no hay concordancia gramatical de número entre ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos un análisis muy simple de la oración &lt;strong&gt;3a&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los niños parece [que __ están divirtiéndose mucho] &#xA;\_______/ \____/         \___/&#xA; plural   singular       plural&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijándose solamente en el número, vemos que &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; (único sintagma nominal presente en la oración) no puede ser sujeto de la forma verbal &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt;, sino que de la forma verbal &lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; no es sujeto de la oración, ni menos es un &quot;sujeto desplazado&quot;. La oración &lt;strong&gt;3a&lt;/strong&gt; es equivalente a la &lt;strong&gt;3b&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Con esto, espero responder tu pregunta puntual. Más tarde espero hacer un análisis más profundo de la teoría con que introduces la pregunta, la gran mayoría de esos conceptos no los manejo aún, y no recuerdo haberlos visto en los muy breves estudios de sintaxis que he hecho.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T13:25:06.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12221" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12224" CreationDate="2015-03-05T19:53:13.423" Score="5" ViewCount="16822" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces, sobre todo —creo yo— en textos o discursos de carácter jurídico, está presente el adverbio &lt;em&gt;malamente&lt;/em&gt;, palabra que corresponde a la típica adverbialización de un adjetivo mediante el uso del sufijo &amp;quot;-mente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Malamente&lt;/strong&gt; puedes tú sugerir que el acusado haya estado en el lugar del crimen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cansancio sería la primera razón, era muy desmoralizante hacer giras &lt;strong&gt;malamente&lt;/strong&gt; organizadas que no compensaban el dinero que perdíamos por no ir a trabajar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos de su uso se pueden observar a través de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=spanish&amp;amp;query=malamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/malamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, es simplemente un adverbio de modo, sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión no suena muy bien, y casi siempre es reemplazable ya sea por &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de mala manera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;con mala intención&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe evidencia de que sea un uso aceptado y/o correcto en el lenguaje moderno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-07-03T14:55:20.713" Title="¿Es correcto el uso de &quot;malamente&quot; en vez de &quot;de mala manera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12222" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-03-05T20:16:17.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lingüística&lt;/a&gt; abarca y estudia todos los aspectos relacionados al lenguaje, teniéndose —entre otras— las siguientes subdisciplinas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lingüística general: la parte de la lingüística que estudia de manera teórica los métodos de investigación y los tópicos comunes de las leyes que rigen el lenguaje humano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lingüística aplicada: la parte que aplica los conocimientos de la lingüística a las necesidades de la sociedad, tal como la enseñanza de lenguas, el reconocimiento automático del habla, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lingüística evolutiva o diacrónica: la parte que estudia los cambios y transformaciones sufridos por una lengua a través del tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lingüística descriptiva o sincrónica: la parte que estudia el estado de una lengua en un momento determinado de su historia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tu pregunta no está inherentemente relacionada con la lingüística del idioma español, considera mejor generalizarla y preguntarla en nuestro sitio hermano: &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistics.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Linguistics.SE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;__&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Texto adaptado del original, consultable en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario General VOX de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linguistics&lt;/a&gt; studies all the topics related to the human language, having —among others— the following sub-fields &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;General linguistics: the field of linguistics that theoretically studies the research methods and the common topics of the laws that govern the human language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Applied linguistics: the field that applies the knowledge of linguistics to the needs of society, such as the teaching of a language, the automatic recognition of speech, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Evolutionary or diachronic linguistics: the field that studies the changes and transformations underwent by a language across time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Descriptive or synchronic linguistics: the field that studies the state of a language in a given moment of its history.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your question does not inherently relate to the linguistics of the Spanish language, consider generalizing it and asking it on our sister site, &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistics.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Linguistics.SE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;__&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2: Text adapted and translated from original entry for &lt;em&gt;Lingüística&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario General VOX de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T03:49:57.110" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T03:49:57.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12223" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-03-05T20:16:17.767" Score="0" Body="El estudio científico del lenguaje humano y las lenguas.&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;The scientific study of human language." OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T03:50:10.293" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T03:50:10.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12221" CreationDate="2015-03-05T20:20:34.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=35472&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este hilo&lt;/a&gt; del foro del Instituto Cervantes reproduce una consulta similar. Hay una aportación que enumera autores modernos que han usado el adverbio en sus obras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Martín Gaite, Carmen; Jodorowsky, Alejandro; Laín Entralgo, Pedro; Castilla del Pino, Carlos; Moix, Ana María; Arrabal, Fernando; Caballero Bonald, José Manuel; Marías, Javier; Chacón, Dulce; Fernán Gómez, Fernando; Leguineche, Manuel; Marsillach, Adolfo; Cela y Trulock, Camilo José; Grandes, Almudena; Molina Foix, Vicente; Bayly, Jaime; Sastre, Alfonso; Tusquets, Esther; Quiñones, Fernando; Cabrera Infante, Guillermo y Cortázar, Julio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el usuario no explica cómo ha compilado la lista, he decidido validar algunos y no puedo decir que falte a la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que entiendo que el uso es aceptado (si está en el DLE es porque ha sufrido la validación de los hispanohablantes de a pie y de la academia de la lengua) y es correcto usarlo como adverbio de modo (es así como aparece usado por autores de los que &amp;quot;nos podemos fiar&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y bajo el antifaz del arrojo, &lt;strong&gt;malamente&lt;/strong&gt; sujeto al rostro, se esforzaban los jóvenes por dominar su timidez, nunca por cultivarla. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://inabima.gob.do/descargas/bibliotecaFAIL/Autores%20Extranjeros/M/Martin%20Gaite,%20Carmen/Martin%20Gaite,%20Carmen%20-%20Usos%20amorosos%20de%20la%20posguerra%20espanola%20%281.1%29.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo de Martín Gaite&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] un viento desganado tiraba contra la ventana &lt;strong&gt;malamente&lt;/strong&gt; iluminada (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.literaberinto.com/Cortazar/rayuela10.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo de La Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] olvidaos de los amores que &lt;strong&gt;malamente&lt;/strong&gt; acabaron (&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/diario/1984/05/13/madrid/453295459_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo de Fernándo Fernán Gómez&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T22:38:31.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-05T23:56:21.410" Score="2" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm editing a Spanish translation of a consent form for work. The presented draft reads &quot;(noun) está llevando a cabo por ...&quot; to mean &quot;(noun) is being conducted by...&quot;. The phrase just feels clunky to me. Is there a more concise way to translate &quot;(noun) is being conducted by...&quot;? I initially proposed &quot;(noun) se lleva a cabo por ...&quot;, but I think I prefer a single verb like &quot;(noun) se conduce por...&quot; over a verb phrase. Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8618" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T12:51:41.450" Title="Searching for a more appropriate verb phrase than &quot;llevar a cabo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12225" CreationDate="2015-03-06T00:24:10.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;The study is being conducted by ...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conducir&lt;/em&gt; should be an acceptable form: &lt;em&gt;(La investigación, El estudio) se conduce por ...&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Realizar&lt;/em&gt; can also be appropriate: &lt;em&gt;(La investigación, El estudio) se realiza por ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastEditorUserId="8462" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T00:49:19.387" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T00:49:19.387" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12225" CreationDate="2015-03-06T01:36:10.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other possible verbs are &lt;em&gt;desarrollar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;efectuar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tarea está siendo desarrollada por los estudiantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tarea está siendo efectuada por los estudiantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it's not correct the way you are translating in your question example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(noun) is being conducted by...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not translate as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(noun) está llevando a cabo por ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(noun) está siendo llevado a cabo por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(noun) es llevado a cabo por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T11:39:59.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12225" CreationDate="2015-03-06T01:58:49.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=coordin%E1is&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;coordinar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estudio (o la investigación) &lt;strong&gt;ha sido coordinado&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can use &amp;quot;está coordinado&amp;quot;, if the verb tense fits the description better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=dirigir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;dirigir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (lead, manage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estudio ha sido &lt;strong&gt;dirigido&lt;/strong&gt; por ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two stress the lead role of the primary investigator who is managing the research. Probably the P.I. is just one of many researchers involved in this study, effort, etc. A translation with &amp;quot;llevar a cabo&amp;quot; might leave out many of other collaborators (which may get offended, since in academia is important to get proper citation and credit for your contribution). Compare these two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estudio ha sido llevado a cabo por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/5481/diego&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diego&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estudio ha sido llevado a cabo por &lt;em&gt;el equipo de investigación de Spanish.SE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could even use &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=lidero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'liderar'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el estudio ha sido &lt;strong&gt;liderado&lt;/strong&gt; por ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you can credit the primary investigator and his important head role without implying he or she (or his/her team) was the only entity involved in the research and avoiding others feeling &amp;quot;left out&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T02:28:39.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12213" CreationDate="2015-03-06T03:56:13.363" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I disagree somewhat with the other answer, I'll provide my own.  You are pretty much correct in your view of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en/por&lt;/em&gt; la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the probably the most common one you'll hear.  Despite there being a small semantical difference in meaning (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; meaning more like “at some point during”), regional usage seems to dictate usage far more than anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this when referring to specific times like &lt;em&gt;a las seis de la mañana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use it if you actually mean &lt;em&gt;of/from the morning&lt;/em&gt; in English: “Es una criatura de la mañana / de la noche”.  In many of those cases, you can replace with &lt;em&gt;matinal/nocturna&lt;/em&gt; or similar for other periods of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also omit the article (&lt;em&gt;de mañana&lt;/em&gt;) to change the meaning to something close to &quot;during the morning&quot; or &quot;come morning&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a la mañana&lt;/em&gt; will be a good bit less commonly used, though it has certainly been used in expressions like &lt;em&gt;A la mañana al monte, a la tarde a la fonte&lt;/em&gt; for centuries.  In this case, it might be best to think of &lt;em&gt;a la mañana&lt;/em&gt; as a substitute for &lt;em&gt;al amanecer&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;a la noche&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;anochecer&lt;/em&gt;, etc).  This usage survives today and seems to be picking up force, though what from, I'm not sure.  It is not exclusive to any country, in fact, uses of it can be found on both sides of the Atlantic and both sides of the equator and sometimes can also have the meaning of &lt;em&gt;by/come morning&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a la mañana&lt;/em&gt;, of course, can also be used in a more traditional sense if it ends up an indirect object such as in the title or if talking about things as if they were physical entities in the &lt;em&gt;towards&lt;/em&gt; sense of &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Excerpt from “Faut-il s'abétir?” (Vicente Gaos, 1919-1980)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Hacia dónde vamos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Vamos a la noche...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿De dónde venimos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —También de la noche...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T05:17:03.527" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:17:03.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10737" CreationDate="2015-03-06T11:30:12.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since my question has been here for some time and nobody seems to have much to say about it, I suppose it is time I disclosed what my own best current guess is. Needless to say, I may be dead wrong, but this is, more or less, what I suppose is going on here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence 3a. is, indeed, just a variant of 3d., and a case of 'topicalization', but one that does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; require the 'topic' to be detached from the main body of the clause because the latter does not have a subject in its canonical subject position, i.e., in the 'Specifier of Tense' (or whatever we call the functional head that licenses finite subject + predícate structures). Note that, in both 3a. and 3d., the subject of &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; is the postverbal subordinate clause &lt;em&gt;que __están divirtiéndose mucho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Information Structure requires clauses to have a 'topic' (as well as a 'comment' and, inside it, a 'focus'), when no non-subject is meant to play the 'topic' role and is shifted forward into the 'Specifier of Top' position in order to asume that function, whatever lands in the canonical subject position (= Specifier of T), in most cases the real subject, is also automatically interpreted as 'topic by default’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, when a &lt;strong&gt;non-subject&lt;/strong&gt; is meant to function as 'topic', it must be fronted/copied into the canonical ‘topic’ position (= Specifier of Top), and be detached, by comma/half-rising tone, from the rest of the ‘predication’, as happens in ‘normal’ cases of 'topicalisation' (e.g. in &lt;em&gt;De ese asunto, mi mujer no quiere hablar__, Un libro tan difícil como el de Chomsky, nuestros alumnos de Lingüística no pueden leerlo,&lt;/em&gt; etc.). However, when there is no non-subject meant to asume the 'topic' role, the subject of the clause must itself be interpreted as 'topic by default', as in &lt;em&gt;Los estudiantes de lenguas modernas [= subject and topic by default] quieren que la facultad ofrezca el chino y el árabe&lt;/em&gt;. That explains why many speakers nowadays &lt;strong&gt;incorrectly&lt;/strong&gt; detach the subject of the clause from the predicate, particularly if the subject is long. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarising so far: in the absence of a proper 'topic' in the (orthographically and phonetically detached) Specifier of Top, whatever can reach the Specifier of Tense is interpreted as 'topic by default’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens, then, if the real subject of the main clause cannot ascend into the Specifier of T because it must play an incompatible informational role, say, Focus, and remain at the end of the clause? [Observe that that is exactly the case in our ‘basic’ sentence 3b. &lt;em&gt;Parece que los niños están divirtiéndose mucho&lt;/em&gt;; cf. *Que los niños están divirtiéndose mucho parece]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in such circumstances, the Specifier of T will remain available for an NP/DP to ascend into it and asume the ‘default topic’ role, &lt;strong&gt;even if it cannot&lt;/strong&gt; thereby become the subject of the finite verb because, for both thematic and agreement-related reasons, the subject must be unique. In this case, the clause &lt;em&gt;Que los niños están divirtiéndose mucho&lt;/em&gt; is, thematically speaking, a perfectly possible subject argument of the epistemic verb &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; and agrees with it in person and number, but &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; is neither thematically possible (cf. *Los niños parecen) nor agreement-wise compatible (*Los niñoS [plural] &amp;lt;&gt; parecE [singular]). That explains why, even though the NP/DP &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; eventually lands in the Specifier of T, it cannot thereby become the subject of &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all that in place, we can now return to our 3d. and 3a. examples above. In 3d. the NP/DP &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; has been canonically ‘topicalised’ and occupies the detached Specifier of Top position, whereas Specifier of T (i.e., the canonical pre-verbal subject position) is apparently ‘empty’ (although, depending on which version of the Chomskian 'machinery' is adopted, it may have to be occupied by a silent ‘dummy’ that forms a third-person singular ‘chain’ with the postverbal clause, or agreement between &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; and its subject will not be accounted for; I leave that detail open). In the 3a. variant, on the contrary, the plural NP/DP subject of the subordinate clause, &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt;, has ascended from its own clause into the ‘empty’ Specifier of T of the main clause and thereby acquired the function of ‘default topic' of the latter (but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; that of subject of the latter). As Specifier of T, contrary to Specifier of Top, is not ‘detached’ from the ‘predicate’ (not in the standard language, anyway), no comma/half-rising intonation is needed between it and the verb (although, as stated, speakers often incorrectly insert one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we see in 3a. and 3d., in sum, is two alternative 'topicalisation' strategies: a) the ‘default’ strategy, available to subjects generally (provided nothing else is meant to play the topic role) and to non-subjects (although only in the special circumstances that concur here), and b) the ‘marked’ strategy, which is generally available to non-subjects independently of whether the canonical subject position (Specifier of T) is filled by a subject argument or by a phonetically null category (a silent ‘dummy’), in the case of verbs like &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If things are as I suspect, a) there is no redundancy, because both 'topicalisation' strategies are necessary (although in different circumstances), and b) 3a. constitutes no infraction against the general principle of Economy, because raising a non-subject 'topic' into the ‘default topic’ position an &lt;strong&gt;empty&lt;/strong&gt; Specifier of T provides is a ‘smaller’ (= computationally cheaper) displacement than raising it into the more distant Specifier of Top, but c) in that case, Specifier of T cannot contain even a 'dummy', the 'agreement' features of T must be non-locally satisfied by the clause itself), and, especially, d) &lt;strong&gt;it is 3d. that should not be possible,&lt;/strong&gt; to the extent that 3a. achieves the same effect more economically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the non-default topicalisation strategy should be possible only when the default one is not available because the Specifier of T is occupied by a proper argument, e.g., &lt;em&gt;todo el mundo&lt;/em&gt; in a sentence like &lt;em&gt;Los niños, &lt;strong&gt;todo el mundo&lt;/strong&gt; está de acuerdo en que __ están divirtiéndose mucho&lt;/em&gt;. In 3d., on the contrary, where the Specifier of T is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; occupied by an argument, &lt;em&gt;Los niños&lt;/em&gt; should &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; ascend as far as the Specifier of Top and the sentence should sound &lt;strong&gt;less&lt;/strong&gt; aceptable than 3a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what it may be worth, to me, it does, but, of course, my Spanish may well be idiosyncratic in this respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your patience (and all comments welcome!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorDisplayName="user7211" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T12:12:19.400" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T12:12:19.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12213" CreationDate="2015-03-06T19:34:08.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;En/por&lt;/em&gt; la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Almost everyone says &lt;code&gt;en/por la mañana&lt;/code&gt; because it means in the morning. There are other expressions such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la noche&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la tarde&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por la tarde&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por la noche&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;de la mañana&lt;/code&gt; is used for time for example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son las siete de la mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also mean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;during the morning &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;of the morning&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A la mañana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;a la mañana&lt;/code&gt; is not commonly used that much but I guess it could be used as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a morning &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in the morning&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T19:34:08.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12214" CreationDate="2015-03-07T13:44:05.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todo depende del marco temporal que el hablante tenga en mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos casos queda claro que estamos hablando de alguna acción finalizada por el contexto o por lógica pero muchas veces se escribe de una forma u otra según las costumbres locales o según las preferencias de quien habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en Valencia suele evitarse el uso del préterito perfecto simple por influencia de otra de las lenguas regionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2015-03-07T13:44:05.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12236" CreationDate="2015-03-07T17:55:31.453" Score="7" ViewCount="5220" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a bit confused with when to put 'lo' at the start of a phrase and when to hook it on to the verb. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why can't you do it that way? &lt;sub&gt;¿por qué no puede hacerlo así?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; is hooked onto the verb &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you do it? &lt;sub&gt;¿por qué no lo hace?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; is separate and occurs before the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the same with me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why can't you understand me? &lt;sub&gt;¿por qué no puede comprenderme?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you understand me? &lt;sub&gt;¿por qué no me comprende?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I thought it's hooked on for can/not but separate for do/not.&#xA;But then consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo tengo, no lo tengo, lo quiero, no lo quiero, no lo siento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These don't use &amp;quot;do/not&amp;quot;, but still separate the &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;. I guess you could say that the &amp;quot;do/not&amp;quot; is implied. But then what about &amp;quot;comprenderle&amp;quot; (to Understand you). Here the &amp;quot;do/not&amp;quot; would be implied, but it still hooks on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know when to hook on to the end and when to use at the start?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers given a really thoughtful, but they are a bit complicated for me to understand, especially with all the technical grammatical terms (I know, I'm dummy!). Isn't there a simple rule or rhyme or mnemonic to make it easier to remember?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-08-13T01:16:46.020" Title="Personal pronouns: When to hook at the end of verb and when to keep separate?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;&lt;subida-de-clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2015-03-07T18:11:20.680" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;They can go &amp;quot;hooked&amp;quot; to the verb when the verb is in &lt;strong&gt;imperative, infinitive or gerund&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿por qué no puede &lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt;lo así? / ¿por qué no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; puede hacer así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿por qué no están &lt;strong&gt;haciéndo&lt;/strong&gt;lo así? / ¿por qué no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; están haciendo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haz&lt;/strong&gt;lo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other verb tenses the pronouns can't go hooked. In &amp;quot;¿por qué no lo hace?&amp;quot; the verb tense is neither imperative, infinitive or gerund, and the &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; can't go hooked. We don't say &amp;quot;por qué no &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;hacelo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T01:54:28.720" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2015-03-07T18:12:10.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the verb contains an infinitive form (plain verb, not modified by conjugation), it is equally valid to place the direct object pronoun (me, lo) at the end of the infinitive verb, or before the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you do it? &lt;sub&gt;¿Puedes hacerlo? / ¿Lo puedes hacer?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when the verb is conjugated, the direct object pronoun is separated and put in front of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why don't you understand me? &lt;sub&gt;¿Por qué no me comprendes?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:47:17.987" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:47:17.987" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2015-03-08T18:17:40.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since unstressed clitic 'personal pronouns' (‘me/te/le/se/nos/os/los/las/les’) are ‘arguments’ and function as direct or indirect objects (DO, and IO, hereafter) of non-auxiliary verbs, their &lt;strong&gt;basic&lt;/strong&gt; position in Modern Spanish (an SVO language) is, like that of all DOs and IOs, &lt;strong&gt;post-verbal&lt;/strong&gt; (i.e., they are basically 'enclitic'). That is, indeed, where they must appear in two special cases: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case One:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The clitic personal pronouns must be post-verbal when a) they are complements of a  verb in an infinitival or present participial form (but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; if they are complements of an active or passive past participle, see below) and b) the infinitive or present participle occurs &lt;strong&gt;on its own&lt;/strong&gt; (i.e., not preceded by auxiliary verbs), as in e.g., ‘Decír&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt; [fue un error]’, ‘Diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt; [empeoras las cosas]’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such circumstances, it is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; possible to shift those ‘enclitics’ to preverbal position and turn them into 'proclitics' (hence, ‘*Se lo decir [fue un error]', '*Se lo diciendo [empeoras las cosas]' are ungrammatical). Neither is it possible to leave one of the enclitics after the verb and move the other one leftwards, as in '*Se decir&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; [fue un error]', '*Se diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; [empeoras las cosas]', '*Lo decir&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; [fue un error]', '*Lo diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; [empeoras las cosas]’. The relevant generalization is this: if a clitic complement of V 'moves leftwards', all must do, as an indivisible ‘block’, and preserving their original order. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the other non-finite forms of the verb, however, i.e., the past participles, the situation is more complicated and we must discuss them separately:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Active&lt;/strong&gt; past participles (e.g., ‘dicho’ in ‘he dicho’) simply &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; occur on their own; a verb in the active past participle form is necessarily preceded by some form of the auxiliary verb ‘haber’, and any enclitic complements that may initially belong to it must obligatorily be shifted leftwards. However, they are never turned into the past participle’s own proclitics (i.e., the result is never ‘*[haber] &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho’), which would break the rule that personal pronouns cannot be proclitic to non-finite forms of verbs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on whether the auxiliary ‘haber’ is itself in finite form or not, the result will be different. If ‘haber’ is the first auxiliary (and appears in finite form, say as ‘has’ in 'Tú has'), the original complements of the main verb (‘dicho’, in our example) will be shifted to the left of ‘has’ and turned into its proclitics. Thus, the ‘underlying’ form '*Tú has dicho&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;' must eventually surface as ‘Tú &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; has dicho’. However, if ‘haber’ is not itself the first auxiliary and does not occur in finite form, as in the underlying representation '*Tú debías haber dicho&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;', the clitic pronouns ‘se+lo’ must be jointly shifted leftwards into &lt;strong&gt;either&lt;/strong&gt; of two positions: a) by default, they must become enclitics of the infinitival form ‘haber’, as in ‘Tú debías habér&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho’; or, for some, but not all speakers, b) they can be shifted even further leftwards and turned into proclitics of the finite auxiliary ‘debías’, as in ‘Tú &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; debías haber dicho’. Option b), however, violates the principle of Economy (since option a) is available and more ‘economic’) and is considered ungrammatical or dubious by some speakers (e.g., me). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is not possible at all is to shift the clitics leftward ‘half-way’ and turn them into proclitics of the non-finite form 'haber', as in ‘*Tú debías &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; haber dicho’, which would violate the rule above that personal pronouns can never be pro-clitic to non-finite verb forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Passive past participles, on the contrary, like infinitives and active present participles, &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; occur on their own. However, when they do, they can take postverbal ‘passive’ subjects (cf. ‘Dicho &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt;’, not ‘*Esto dicho’) and postverbal  indirect objects (cf. ‘Dicho esto &lt;strong&gt;a un enfermo terminal’&lt;/strong&gt;), but, being ‘passive’, they cannot take either postverbal NP direct objects (cf. ‘*Dicho &lt;strong&gt;una mentira’&lt;/strong&gt;) or postverbal enclitic complements of any kind (cf. ‘*Dícho&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;', ‘*dícho&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;', ‘*dícho&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;’, etc.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, therefore, the only clitic complements of passive past participle verbs are IOs and must appear before a finite auxiliary, as in ‘&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; fue retirado el pasaporte’, or ‘&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; ha sido retirado el pasaporte’ (but not ‘*Fue retirado&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; el pasaporte’, ‘*Fue &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; retirado el pasaporte’, ‘*Fue&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; retirado el pasaporte’, ‘*Ha sido retirado&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; el pasaporte’, ‘*Ha sido &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; retirado el pasaporte’,‘*Ha sido&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; retirado el pasaporte’, ‘*Ha&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; sido retirado el pasaporte’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case Two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personal pronouns &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be postverbal  (i.e., ‘enclitic’) when a) they are DO or IO complements of verbs in the &lt;strong&gt;imperative&lt;/strong&gt; form, and b) the imperative verb is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; itself preceded by negation, as in e.g. ‘Dí&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’, ‘Decíd&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’, ‘Díga(n)&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’. If the imperative verb is preceded by negation, the enclitics must immediately be shifted forward as an indivisible block and turned into proclitics of the imperative verb, as in e.g. ‘No &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; diga/digáis/digan’ (but not ‘*No díga&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’, ‘*No digáis&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’, ‘*No dígan&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The postverbal occurrence of personal pronouns as enclitics after imperative verbs is, nevertheless, &lt;strong&gt;exceptional&lt;/strong&gt;, because imperatives are finite verbs, and when personal pronouns are complements of finite verbs in Modern Spanish they must generally occur &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the verb, as in e.g. ‘&lt;strong&gt;Se lo&lt;/strong&gt; dije’ (not ‘*Díje&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’), as explained below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ‘general rule’ with finite forms of the main verb (i.e., when it is inflected for mood, tense, person and number features),is that pronominal DOs or IOs must precede it,  as in ‘&lt;strong&gt;Se lo&lt;/strong&gt; dije’ (not ‘*Díje&lt;strong&gt;selo&lt;/strong&gt;’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That general rule, however, is &lt;strong&gt;unexpected&lt;/strong&gt; in an SVO language like Modern Spanish, where all complements, including DOs and IOs, must be post-verbal &lt;strong&gt;in all other cases&lt;/strong&gt;, as they indeed are when, instead of unstressed clitic pronouns, the DO or IO are expressed by full noun phrases. For example, in ‘Dije los &lt;strong&gt;precios a mis clientes’&lt;/strong&gt;, the DO and the IO must follow the finite verb (‘&lt;strong&gt;*Los precios a mis clientes&lt;/strong&gt; dije’ is, of course, ungrammatical).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preverbal occurrence of just unstressed clitic personal pronouns, but not full NPs, is almost certainly a remnant of an earlier stage of Spanish (and Indo-European, in general), in which the canonical word order was SOV, i.e., verb final, as it was in early Latin, Sanskrit, and still is in the subordínate clauses of Modern German. At such a stage, all DOs and IOs, including pronominal ones, preceded the finite verb, although, in some cases, when the DO or IO were pronominal, full NPs were added after the verb in order to clarify their referent. That is attested for early Indoeuropean dialects, and still occurs to some extent in Modern Spanish in sentences with so-called ‘redundant’ or ‘duplicated’  IO clitics, as in ‘&lt;strong&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; dije los precios &lt;strong&gt;a mis clientes’&lt;/strong&gt;, where the IO is expressed twice, in full form via the postverbal NP ‘a mis clientes’ and in ‘reduced form’ as the redundant pre-verbal proclitic ‘les’. The only change is that, once Spanish became an SVO language, the verb is no longer clause final and no comma is inserted to mark postverbal complements as detached ‘afterthoughts’ (i.e., as cases of ‘epiphrasis’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The occurrence of unstressed personal pronouns before finite verbs (and the exceptional SOV order that results only in such cases), however, must nowadays be considered as a ‘derived’ phenomenon, because we have evidence that most preverbal clitics have been ‘displaced’ from postverbal positions. In fact, that &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be so whenever the finite verb that immediately follows the personal pronouns is an auxiliary like ‘deber’, ‘poder’, ‘haber’ ‘estar’, etc., because such auxiliary verbs do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; take DO or IO complements at all. It follows that any DO or IO clitics that apparently accompany auxiliary verbs, be it as enclitics or as proclitics, must have been displaced from the vicinity of some following non-auxiliary verb in a non-finite form that can take such complements. That phenomenon, technically known as ‘clitic climbing’ is, of course very common, relatively complex, and extremely interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take typical cases like ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; han dicho todos los días’, ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; han estado diciendo todos los días’ ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; tienen que haber dicho todos los días’, ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; tienen que estar diciendo todos los días’, ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; tienen que haber estado diciendo todos los días’, etc., where only the main verb 'decir' can take DO and IO complements. &#xA;It follows from what has already been said that the clitics ‘te’ and ‘lo’ must initially appear after the verb ‘decir' whenever its inflectional form allows them to appear there, i.e., when it occurs in the infinitive or present participle form, but not when it is a past participle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence ‘Han estado diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’, ‘Tienen que estar diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’, ‘Tienen que haber estado diciéndo&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’ must be grammatical, and in fact simpler alternatives than ‘clitic climbing’ cases like ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; han estado diciendo todos los días’, etc., and so they are, whereas ‘*Han dicho&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’  and ‘*Tienen que haber dicho&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’ cannot be well-formed nor possible alternatives to ‘clitic climbing’ solutions like ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; han dicho todos los días’, etc. (and, indeed, they are not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An interesting fact about clitic placement in sentences containing auxiliaries, then, is that in some cases (when the verb is an infinitive or a present participle) the clitics can alternatively appear either ‘in situ’, following their verbal head, or ‘displaced’ to the position immediately preceding the finite auxiliary, whereas in others (when the verb is a past participle), the first, and ‘basic’ position is not available (understandably if the participle is passive, as explained above, but mysteriously if it is active, because active participles can generally take DO and IO complements provided they are not enclitic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that alternation by no means exhausts the clitic placement possibilities: when a sentence contains a sequence of auxiliary verbs preceding the main verb, as in ‘Tienen que estar diciéndotelo todos los días’, or ‘Tienen que haber estado diciéndotelo todos los días’, the rules above predict that the clitics ‘te’ ‘lo’ will &lt;strong&gt;also&lt;/strong&gt; be possible in certain &lt;strong&gt;intermediate&lt;/strong&gt; positions, but, crucially, not in others. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, according to the rule that unstressed personal pronouns can be enclitic to infinitives, ‘te’ and ‘lo’ may also cliticize onto the auxiliary infinitives ‘estar’ or ‘haber’, as in  ‘Tienen que habér&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho todos los días’,  ‘Tienen que habér&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; estado diciendo todos los días’, or ‘Tienen que estár&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’. On the contrary, the clitics &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; be attached to the past participle ‘estado’, and, indeed, ‘*Han estado&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Tienen que haber estado&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’ are as bad as ‘*Han dícho&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’ or ‘*Tienen que haber dícho&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; todos los días’. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, the rules above also prevent personal pronouns from becoming either enclitics to finite auxiliaries or proclitics to non-finite ones. As a consequence ‘*Hán&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho todos los días’, ‘*Hán&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; estado diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Están&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Tienen&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; que haber dicho todos los días’, ‘*Tienen&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; que estar diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Tienen&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; que haber estado diciendo todos los días’, etc. are all ill-formed for the former reason, whereas ‘*Han &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho todos los días’, ‘*Están &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Han &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; estado diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Han estado &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo’, ‘*Deben &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; estar diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Deben estar &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Deben haber &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho todos los días’, ‘*Deben haber estado &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; diciendo todos los días’, ‘*Deben haber &lt;strong&gt;te lo&lt;/strong&gt; estado diciendo todos los días’, etc., are all bad for the latter reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What precedes is a relatively comprehensive account of &lt;strong&gt;the facts&lt;/strong&gt;, but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; yet a real &lt;strong&gt;explanation&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt; the facts are the way they are. ‘Knowledge that’ is not nearly the same as ‘knowledge (of) why’, and some of the crucial facts from which all other facts above follow, and satisfactorily enough, unfortunately remain &lt;strong&gt;unexplained&lt;/strong&gt;. In particular, a) there is, as far as I know, no good explanation of why, in standard Modern Spanish, DO and IO clitics cannot attach themselves &lt;strong&gt;to the right&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;finite&lt;/strong&gt; verbs, as in ‘*Díjo&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt;’, whereas, significantly, in my own native dialect (Asturian, spoken in Northern Spain) that construction is the standard one and languages like German allow DOs to attach themselves as enclitics on the right side of finite verbs (cf. ‘Ich gab &lt;strong&gt;’s&lt;/strong&gt; meinem Vater’); b) there is, to my knowledge, no convincing explanation for the fact that ‘me, te, se, le, lo, les’, etc. should be unable to become &lt;strong&gt;proclitics of non-finite verbs&lt;/strong&gt;, since, again, in other languages, comparable unstressed clitics must precede infinitives and participles (e.g., again, German, where ‘Ich habe &lt;strong&gt;es ihm&lt;/strong&gt; gegeben’, ‘Kannst du &lt;strong&gt;es ihm&lt;/strong&gt; geben?’ are the standard constructions); c) whereas it is clear enough why &lt;strong&gt;passive&lt;/strong&gt; past participles reject enclitic DOs, as far as I know, no explanation has yet been offered for the fact that they should &lt;strong&gt;also&lt;/strong&gt; reject enclitic &lt;strong&gt;IOs&lt;/strong&gt;, or for why &lt;strong&gt;active&lt;/strong&gt; past participles should reject &lt;strong&gt;all enclitics&lt;/strong&gt;, be they DOs or IOs; and finally, d) we still need a cogent explanation for the intriguing fact that IO and DO clitics should be allowed to raise as far leftwards as they do in cases like ‘&lt;strong&gt;Te lo&lt;/strong&gt; tienen que haber dicho’, which is aceptable to some speakers in spite of the fact that there is a more 'economic' solution available, i.e., ‘Tienen que habér&lt;strong&gt;telo&lt;/strong&gt; dicho’; if natural languages are subject to a principle of Economy, clitics should never climb further than strictly necessary, and yet, in such cases they do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastEditorDisplayName="user7211" LastEditDate="2015-03-08T18:35:34.923" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T18:35:34.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12243" CreationDate="2015-03-08T21:06:56.937" Score="3" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been learning Spanish for 2 years now, and have consistently seen that the infinitive form of the verb can only exist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;* after a preposition, or&#xA;* after another verb.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me this has been a fundamental rule of grammar which has served me very well. So I am shocked to find this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me da miedo dejar solo al niño (I'm frightened to leave the child alone)   (*)         &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which breaks the rule because the infinitive follows a noun. I would expect to see a preposition between the noun and the verb, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me da miedo (de) ir al dentista  (I dread going to the dentist).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I note that similar structures have to follow the 'normal' rule.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tenían miedo de hablar  (they were afraid to speak) (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there something special about the verb dar in the 'gusta' form that allows the noun + infinitive; or is this a general rule that I have only now come across? So what is the correct grammar rule for the placement of infinitives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) source: Merriam-Webster dictionary : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/miedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/miedo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-08T22:20:24.743" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T22:20:24.743" Title="Is it correct that a noun can be followed by an infinitive?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12241" CreationDate="2015-03-08T21:48:12.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't give you an explanation but this is completely normal, it is not a variation, it's pure spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da miedo hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos da miedo hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les da miedo hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we change a little the sentence, we see the &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo miedo &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos miedo &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen miedo &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if we change the first ones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablar me da miedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablar nos da miedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablar les da miedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué te da miedo? - Me da miedo deja&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt; solo al niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué tienes miedo? - Tengo miedo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com.mx/trends/explore#q=me%20da%20miedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google trends show us that it's used in the entire spanish speaking world&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T21:48:12.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12241" CreationDate="2015-03-08T22:06:09.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem you have is that you have a list of uses of the infinitive, as it were just a recipe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important thing to note, about the infinitives, is that they are the &quot;nominal form&quot; of any action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when using the infinitive form of a given verb, you can tell things about that verb (about that action). For example, if the fact of leaving alone that child makes you scared, then the fact of &lt;em&gt;leaving him alone&lt;/em&gt; is the subject; the action is &lt;em&gt;make you scared&lt;/em&gt;; and the object receiving the action of that verb is just yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence that shocked you is not written in the canonical order. This is how you must read it to understand it better (then, you'll be able to use it in the order you like):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dejar solo al niño me da miedo.  (Leaving the child alone scares me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this usage of infinitive, sometimes an article is used with it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dejar solo al niño me da miedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can write it using another verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dejar solo al niño me asusta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple analysis may be this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dejar solo al niño      me asusta.&#xA;\________________/      \_______/&#xA;     subject            predicate&#xA;\___/ \__________/&#xA;noun  noun complement&#xA;                        \_/&#xA;                    direct obj.&#xA;                           \____/&#xA;                            verb&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-03-08T22:19:27.823" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T22:19:27.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12247" CreationDate="2015-03-09T00:28:05.730" Score="2" ViewCount="20641" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;De Nada&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;No es problema&lt;/code&gt;? They both mean &quot;no problem&quot;, or &quot;it was nothing&quot;, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-03-09T01:38:07.123" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T09:15:48.017" Title="Difference between &quot;De Nada&quot; and &quot;No problema&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12246" CreationDate="2015-03-09T00:39:11.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;De nada&quot;: It means like &quot;you're welcome&quot;. When someone makes you a favor or provide help,  you say him thanks (gracias), and then he responds with &quot;de nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No problema&quot;: It's quite similar, the difference is that &quot;No problema&quot; is usually used before someone makes the favor, or give help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De nada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias por ayudarme con mi tarea. -De nada, fue un placer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No problema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me puedes recoger del colegio a las 3:00. - Claro, no hay problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8626" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-09T01:31:48.443" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T01:31:48.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12246" CreationDate="2015-03-09T01:36:09.270" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;While &quot;De nada&quot; means &quot;you are welcome&quot;, &quot;No problema&quot; is not a correct sentence in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct way of using the second sentence would be: &quot;No hay problema&quot; or &quot;No es problema&quot; which literally translates into &quot;No problem&quot; and &quot;it's not a problem&quot; respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, the difference between using one or another was well explained in the answer provided by @Nicolas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T01:36:09.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2015-03-10T03:16:30.103" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rules themselves are quite complicated especially taking into account dialectal concerns in the north of Spain where due to influence from other languages like Asturian can affect regional speech (and isn't strictly considered incorrect modern Spanish, though it will certainly sound old fashioned to everyone else).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I can give two sets of rules for the student of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Place it in front (except...) — Covers 95-99% of uses&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... except when the verb is an &lt;strong&gt;affirmative command&lt;/strong&gt; or the verb &lt;strong&gt;functions as a noun&lt;/strong&gt; in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, this rule isn't absolutely perfect, but it will be grammatical almost always even if it might not reflect the most common usage. The few times it won't be grammatical, although it will sound odd, a Spanish speaker will have absolutely no trouble understanding what's being said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How is the verb conjugated? &lt;sub&gt;[insert flowchart]&lt;/sub&gt; — Covers 99-99.9% of uses&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finite (Personal)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Is it imperative?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it is imperative.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Is it affirmative?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it is affirmative.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Attach to verb.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;sub&gt;(cómpra&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it is negative.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Place before verb.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(no &lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; compres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it isn't imperative.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Is the verb part of a compound verb?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it is the auxiliary of a compound verb.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Is the other verb a (past) participle?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it is a (past) participle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Place before verb&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; has comprado)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it isn't a participle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Place before verb. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; estás comprando)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;attach to the other verb. &lt;sub&gt;(estás comprándo&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it stands alone.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Place before verb&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; compras)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Infinitive or gerund (present participle)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Does the verb function function as a subject, object, or complement?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it does.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;After the verb&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;([prep] comprár&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it is part of the main verb.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Is the main verb impersonal?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it is impersonal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Attach to the verb&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;sub&gt;(Se puede comprár&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;, hay que comprár&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, it is not impersonal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Attach to the verb.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;sub&gt;(tienes que comprár&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;, sigues comprándo&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;place in front of the main verb&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; tienes que comprar, &lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; sigues comprando)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Past) Participle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Where is the auxiliary verb?&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Directly in front&lt;/strong&gt; (virtually always)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Before the auxiliary verb&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;me lo&lt;/strong&gt; has comprado)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Before another participle in a parallel construction&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;incredibly&lt;/em&gt; rare)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;After the verb&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;sub&gt;(habías encontrado un regalo y comprádo&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other exceptions, absent dialectal concerns and actually defining the compound verb sequences and the verbs with impersonal uses, is series of compound verbs.  You could be integrate such series into the above, but SE doesn't allow me to nest items any further.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all verbs in the series have the same object pronouns, then you may place them in front of the primary verb to apply to all verbs in the series (&lt;em&gt;¿Esta manzana?  La voy a pelar, recortar y comer&lt;/em&gt; — This apple?  I'm going to peel, cut, and eat it).  For emphatic effect, you can repeat them (&lt;em&gt;¿Esta manzana?  Voy a pelarla, recortarla y comerla&lt;/em&gt; — This apple?  Imma peel it, cut it up, and eat it all up!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the verbs have discordant objects, that is, the different verbs don't all have &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; the same pronoun or set of pronouns, you need to specify the objects with each verb.  (&lt;em&gt;Voy a leérmelo y repetírtelo&lt;/em&gt;, notice the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is repeated because one has the indirect object &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; and the other &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-10T07:27:33.397" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T07:27:33.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2015-03-10T04:33:46.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They go hooked to the verb when is in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Infinitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Present Participle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿por qué no puede hacerlo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿por qué no puede comprenderme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿por qué no puede haciendo lo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy comprándotelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If our sentence involves an affirmative command, we must attached our pronouns to end of the verb. If negative, place before verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the verb is conjugated, then it can not be hooked together with the verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T04:33:46.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12253" CreationDate="2015-03-10T05:38:56.523" Score="3" ViewCount="26749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference between 'como' and 'cómo'? I'm confused. It's supposed to be two different words, right? Where do I draw the line?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I look up &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate?q=how&amp;amp;l=enes&amp;amp;in=ac_en&amp;amp;lf=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how&lt;/a&gt; it says that it's both 'como' and 'cómo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8630" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T10:25:31.807" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T10:31:02.300" Title="What is the difference between 'como' and 'cómo'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12251" CreationDate="2015-03-10T06:30:56.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(Yo) 'como' = I eat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'Cómo' = how&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The accent mark tells you whether it's referring to the verb 'comer' or the auxiliar 'how'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; en casa antes de ir al colegio &lt;sub&gt;I always eat at home before going to school&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cómo&lt;/strong&gt; estás? &lt;sub&gt;How are you?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T10:28:31.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12251" CreationDate="2015-03-10T07:48:24.980" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's actually a good bit more than two words, but it's easiest to think when to use the accent then when not to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; (no accent) can be used as a verb (from &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;), noun (dated word meaning a &lt;em&gt;trick&lt;/em&gt;), adverb, conjunction, or preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; (accent) can mean either the interrogative/relative pronoun &lt;em&gt;how?&lt;/em&gt; (¿Cómo estás?  No sé cómo lo haces.) or can be used to express incredulity where English uses &lt;em&gt;what?&lt;/em&gt; (¿Cómo?).  The moment you hear yourself giving a questioning intonation, you'll accent it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a well known phrase, &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo como?  Como como como.&lt;/em&gt; which uses three of these.  The first is the question &lt;em&gt;How?&lt;/em&gt;, the second, third, and fifth are the verb &lt;em&gt;I eat&lt;/em&gt;, and the fourth is &lt;em&gt;like/as&lt;/em&gt;.  So... &lt;em&gt;How do I eat?  I eat like I eat&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can extend it further adding in the incredulous &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; and get &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo cómo como?  Como como como.&lt;/em&gt; to mean &quot;What do you mean how do I eat?! I eat like I eat.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-14T04:55:42.890" LastActivityDate="2015-03-14T04:55:42.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2015-03-10T08:18:58.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the last tip is the best. Just put your tongue tip in back of your front teeth and blow out simultaneously saying an r-word. It will flutter your tongue and make the r roll quite easily. Then just practice saying words starting with r, ending in r and having different vowel variations with rs on either side. Or just drop your rs and say yaw from new yawk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8631" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-15T03:05:30.583" LastActivityDate="2019-06-15T03:05:30.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2015-03-10T08:51:48.103" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You only need to know: &lt;em&gt;aquí, ahí, allí.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...They are aquí, roughly the equivalent of &quot;here&quot;; ahí, roughly the equivalent of &quot;there&quot; when speaking of an object or action that is close to the person being spoken to; and allí, roughly the equivalent of &quot;there&quot; or &quot;over there&quot; when speaking of an object that is distant from both the speaker and the person being spoken to. Note also that ahí is sometimes used to refer to something emotionally close rather than simply physically close to the listener, so allí can suggest emotional as well as physical distance....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...Regional variations: In some parts of Latin America, you may hear acá, allá and acullá used instead of (or in addition to) aquí, allí and ahí. You may also find some subtle variations in how these terms are used in different regions....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For simplicity's sake, I would have no problems only using &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;. Every Spanish speaker in the world would know what I'm talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/adverbs/a/here_there.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/adverbs/a/here_there.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8632" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:45:57.673" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:45:57.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12258" CreationDate="2015-03-10T20:19:47.813" Score="1" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this phrase in a book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;..., y el soldado exclamó:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Ciertamente este hombre era Hijo de Dios.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't it be like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;..., y el soldado exclamó:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;¡Ciertamente este hombre era Hijo de Dios!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or are the exclamation marks taken for granted if it is explicitly stated that the person exclaimed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-23T21:47:06.303" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T21:47:06.303" Title="Should an exclamation be accompanied by exclamation marks?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12257" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12259" CreationDate="2015-03-10T20:33:02.780" Score="1" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should sentences using the Impersonal Construction with &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; be translated / read as commands? i.e. should &lt;code&gt;se nada en la piscina y el océano&lt;/code&gt; be translated/read as &quot;Swim in the pool and ocean&quot; or &quot;They swim in the pool and ocean?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8636" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T05:41:16.713" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T05:41:16.713" Title="Impersonal Construction with Se vs Commands?" Tags="&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12256" CreationDate="2015-03-10T20:40:56.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;An exclamation should definitely be accompanied by the exclamation marks, as you point out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Aparta de ahí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cuidado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Déjame en paz de una vez!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=exclamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exclamar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has a wider meaning than &amp;quot;yelling, shouting or talking loud&amp;quot;. One possible reason why there are no exclamation marks in the text there is because in that context &amp;quot;exclamó&amp;quot; is used as a synonym of &amp;quot;dijo&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;gritó&amp;quot;. Realize that &amp;quot;exclamar&amp;quot; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emitir palabras con fuerza o vehemencia para expresar la viveza de un afecto o para dar vigor y eficacia a lo que se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what the word &amp;quot;exclamar&amp;quot; in that context means not that the person is yelling or talking loud, but emphasizes the way something is said. So instead of a LOUD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Ciertamente este hombre era Hijo de Dios!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it was a quiet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;(Wow) Ciertamente este hombre era Hijo de Dios&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that conveys surprise and respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T20:40:56.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12257" CreationDate="2015-03-10T20:55:00.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, the impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; construction can be best translated as &lt;em&gt;one does something&lt;/em&gt; which, like in English, can be used as a sort of psuedo-imperative in the sense that you're emphasizing that one ought do something in some particular way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En mi casa, no se habla de política&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;One does not talk politics in my house&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, context will be important.  The sign a store door that says &lt;em&gt;Se habla español&lt;/em&gt; probably means more likely &quot;Spanish is spoken here&quot;, although one could equally envision a person in a store yelling at a non-Spanish speaker effectively telling them to speak Spanish by saying &lt;em&gt;Aquí se habla español&lt;/em&gt; (which contextually means more likely &quot;One ought to speak Spanish here [and not the other language]&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T20:55:00.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12257" CreationDate="2015-03-10T20:55:15.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The impersonal &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; can't be translated as a command, but I wouldn't have translated as you did in your example with a &quot;they&quot; (after all, is &lt;em&gt;impersonal&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They&lt;/strong&gt; swim in the pool and ocean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be &quot; &lt;strong&gt;Ellos&lt;/strong&gt; nadan en la piscina y en el océano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Swim in the pool and ocean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be read as a command or invitation: &quot;Nada en la piscina o en el océano, donde quieras&quot;; &quot;Nada en la piscina o en el océano, pero no en el río&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating the impersonal &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; could be tricky regarding the pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se hacen trajes; Se hacen arreglos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;We&lt;/strong&gt; make suits; &lt;strong&gt;We&lt;/strong&gt; fix clothing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se duerme de noche y se trabaja de día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be translated as &quot;You/We sleep at night and work at day&quot;, but definitely I wouldn't have used &quot;They&quot; to convey the generality of the &lt;em&gt;impersonal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T20:55:15.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12251" CreationDate="2015-03-10T22:23:46.147" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'(Yo) Como' = I eat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes from the verb 'comer'. It is the 'yo' form present tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'Cómo' = How &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes when people want to say &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, they can say 'Cómo'. One expression that has 'cómo' is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás? &lt;sub&gt;How are you?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T10:31:02.300" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T10:31:02.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12264" CreationDate="2015-03-10T22:38:33.193" Score="3" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not see any glue to get the meaning of this word connection. Nor when looking at google image search result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T23:44:48.750" Title="Translation of &quot;perros de charro&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-03-10T22:48:39.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perros de charros means gaudy dogs. Gaudy is Mexican cowboy/cowgirl. A gaudy dog is actually a &quot;Chiuhua&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gyu9w.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-03-16T23:44:48.750" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T23:44:48.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-03-11T00:35:39.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Perros &lt;strong&gt;de charro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are &lt;em&gt;funny looking dogs&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Charro&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a Mexican word to refer a horseman but it can have additional meanings like &quot;flashy&quot; and &quot;gaudy&quot; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=charro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;), and there are even some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Charro.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regional variations&lt;/a&gt; of the meaning the word depending on the country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Argentina seems to be a joint (marihuana cigarette) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Colombia seems to be a funny situation, or something boring and ugly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Dominican Republic is something ugly or low quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Guatemala and Puerto Rico seems to be something ridiculous. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the expression &quot;perros de charro&quot; may have a different meaning for different Spanish speakers. For some, it would be the dogs of a Mexican horseman / cowboy. For others, it would be dogs that look funny, ugly or ridiculous (like &quot;perros de risa&quot;, &quot;perros graciosos&quot; or &quot;perros raros&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the results in google images when searching for &quot;perros de charro&quot;, are dogs dressed like tiny &lt;em&gt;mariachis&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;charros&lt;/em&gt;, with &lt;em&gt;sombrero&lt;/em&gt; and everything, which I guess may combine most of the above definitions (something ridiculously funny, a dog dressed like a &lt;em&gt;charro&lt;/em&gt;), but if I had to stick to only one meaning I would choose &quot;funny because it is ridiculous&quot;. That is why &quot;perros the charro&quot; translates as &lt;strong&gt;funny looking dogs&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ew4xF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8FhZ5.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-11T13:18:09.817" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T13:18:09.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2015-03-11T05:02:23.517" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will never go wrong using either of these standard forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tu hermana me &lt;strong&gt;llamara&lt;/strong&gt;, te lo &lt;strong&gt;diría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tu hermana me &lt;strong&gt;llamase&lt;/strong&gt;, te lo &lt;strong&gt;diría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That pair are completely interchangeable: no meaning changes when you switch between &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;–se&lt;/em&gt; in the protasis (the “if” part).  However, there &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; other, rarer scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;–se&lt;/em&gt; forms are always imperfect subjunctives.  The &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; forms &lt;strong&gt;usually&lt;/strong&gt; are, but they also have several other non-subjunctive uses you should be aware of, one of which may be operative here.  One is common, one is not uncommon, and one is comparatively rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Conditionals using &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;–ía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the &lt;em&gt;‑ra&lt;/em&gt; forms are normally subjunctive, they actually &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; be conditional — and in some cases even the indicative past perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quisiera&lt;/strong&gt; un gran abrazo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me lo &lt;strong&gt;pudieras&lt;/strong&gt; explicar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debieras&lt;/strong&gt; decírselo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice those are in main clauses, not subordinate ones. They are polite conditionals, not subjunctives at all.  And they are perfectly common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What’s happening is that one &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; use an &lt;em&gt;‑ra&lt;/em&gt; form, especially with verbs like &lt;em&gt;haber, deber, poder&lt;/em&gt;, in place of the conditional. That does not mean that the second half has become subjunctive. It is still conditional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20de%20subjuntivo%20-%20formas%20-ra%20y%20-se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Con los verbos &lt;em&gt;querer, haber, deber, poder&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; es frecuente el empleo de la forma en &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; sustituyendo en el verbo principal a los condicionales simple (&lt;em&gt;–ría&lt;/em&gt;) y compuesto (&lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;...), así como al presente de indicativo sin cambio de significado.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens quiet often with those verbs.  Now, the &lt;em&gt;‑se&lt;/em&gt; forms are always, always subjunctives, so they can only occur in the protasis, never in the apodosis.  With the verbs listed above, you could actually have them in the apodosis if the protasis were in the past subjunctive.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Condicional%20-%20alternancias.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;See here&lt;/a&gt; for more examples of this.  These are examples from that page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si en el seno de algún pueblo católico &lt;strong&gt;cundiera&lt;/strong&gt; tan abominable vicio, se &lt;strong&gt;estremecieran&lt;/strong&gt; de horror aun las potestades del infierno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué tonto &lt;strong&gt;hubiera andado&lt;/strong&gt; yo, si &lt;strong&gt;hubiera escogido&lt;/strong&gt; en albricias los despojos de la primera aventura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la carretera &lt;strong&gt;estuviese&lt;/strong&gt; buena, &lt;strong&gt;debieras&lt;/strong&gt; llegar en dos horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That doesn’t necessarily mean that those are all advisable or equally acceptable to all speakers. But they certainly do occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is even an example there mixing them around a bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;pidieras&lt;/strong&gt; que lo &lt;strong&gt;hiciese&lt;/strong&gt;, yo lo &lt;strong&gt;haría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That one sounds just fine to me, and I rather like the &lt;em&gt;–ra/–se&lt;/em&gt; contrast the way it is used there. There you have both forms of imperfect subjunctive in the protasis, and the normal conditional in the apodosis.  It wouldn’t sound right to put an &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; form in that one’s apodosis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Indicative uses of &lt;em&gt;‑ra&lt;/em&gt; forms for pluperfect&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something that also happens but far more rarely is literary uses of the &lt;em&gt;–ra&lt;/em&gt; form instead of the past perfect. That does not mean that those become subjunctive.  It is a simple analytic tense, not a synthetic one with an auxiliary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes straight out of Latin. You're most apt to come across it either in the written language of literature or else in Castilian speakers from the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula under the influence of Asturian and Galician, two languages in which it is unremarkable to still use &lt;em&gt;‑ra&lt;/em&gt; forms as simple (not compound) past perfects in regular speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far example, the analytic past perfect &lt;em&gt;quedara&lt;/em&gt; would there substitute for the synthetic (compound) past perfect &lt;em&gt;había quedado&lt;/em&gt; with no change in meaning.  It is an indicative use, but it is of a literary register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don’t know that I’ve every heard it spoken spontaneously myself. But you do come upon it from time to time if you read literature, especially but not uniquely older literature of a certain register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T23:29:09.550" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12251" CreationDate="2015-03-11T10:27:49.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'Cómo': how. It is often used to make questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'Como': as, like, such as.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eres tan bueno como él &lt;sub&gt;You are as good as him.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como un gran monstruo &lt;sub&gt;It is like a big monster&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eres como un genio &lt;sub&gt;You are such as a genious&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8641" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T10:27:21.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-03-11T10:38:34.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In South America, this kind of dogs are called chihuahua/chihuahueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search them by using that name, you would find them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly &quot;charro&quot; will have diferent meanings but the nearliest meaning of &quot; perros de charro&quot; will be &quot;chihuahueño or chihuahua &quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8641" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T10:38:34.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="722" CreationDate="2015-03-11T10:46:29.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como hispano hablante, la siguiente opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si lo hubieran anotado, después no les habría costado tanto recordarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es sin duda la más usada y entendible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8641" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T17:35:10.750" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T17:35:10.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12270" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12272" CreationDate="2015-03-11T13:10:07.780" Score="2" ViewCount="4678" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance, If I wanted to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feel free to contact me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could I say the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor, contáctame cuando quieras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this capture the essence of the idiom, or do any preferable alternatives exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-03-11T13:23:07.297" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T12:35:45.590" Title="Equivalent of the idiom &quot;feel free (to do something)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12270" CreationDate="2015-03-11T13:18:59.280" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation is perfectly adequate in any case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siéntete libre de contactarte con nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is more usual to say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No dudes en contactarte con nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;No dudar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; literally means &lt;em&gt;don't hesitate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T12:35:45.590" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T12:35:45.590" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12270" CreationDate="2015-03-11T14:03:13.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12271/5481&quot;&gt;Rodrigo's answer&lt;/a&gt;, you could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede contactar con nosotros &lt;strong&gt;con total confianza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you want to go more informal, to use in the context of &amp;quot;feel free to grab a beer&amp;quot; you could use &lt;code&gt;Puedes [do whatever] cuando quieras&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;si quieres&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes venir a verme cuando quieras &lt;sub&gt; feel free to come to see me&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes contactarme cuando quieras &lt;sub&gt; feel free to contact me whenever&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes coger una cerveza si quieres &lt;sub&gt; feel free to grab a beer &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you want to go more colloquial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No te cortes&lt;/strong&gt; si quieres coger una cerveza&lt;sub&gt; feel free to grab a beer &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T14:08:35.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12275" CreationDate="2015-03-11T14:46:13.067" Score="5" ViewCount="1532" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance, If I wanted to express the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Globally, Spanish is an important &lt;strong&gt;language&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I use &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt;, or are they interchangeable within this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm aware of a distinction in Portuguese where the former (&quot;lingua&quot; rather than &quot;lengua&quot;) refers to all spoken languages whilst the latter is with reference to national languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does a difference of this sort exist in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastEditorUserId="8643" LastEditDate="2015-03-11T15:02:57.117" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T13:46:56.160" Title="Difference between lengua and idioma?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12273" CreationDate="2015-03-11T15:14:46.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that they are pretty much interchangeable. I think that &lt;code&gt;lengua&lt;/code&gt; refers to the language itself, while &lt;code&gt;idioma&lt;/code&gt; has the connotation of the language being used in a place (country, region) or by certain people (like a subset of the population, e.g. Catalonians), but this might be a fuzzy differene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El español es una &lt;strong&gt;lengua&lt;/strong&gt; importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounds better to me, but nothing wrong with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El español es un &lt;strong&gt;idioma&lt;/strong&gt; importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T15:14:46.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12273" CreationDate="2015-03-11T15:28:08.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE, &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;em&gt;Lengua de un pueblo o nación, o común a varios&lt;/em&gt;. So most &lt;em&gt;lenguas&lt;/em&gt; are also &lt;em&gt;idiomas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt; carries a stronger idea of structure and identity. So you would not use it in some fuzzy cases where you could not even put a name to a specific language. For instance, you may speak about the &lt;em&gt;lengua de los antiguos iberos&lt;/em&gt;, which is pretty much unknown nowadays, while &lt;em&gt;idioma de los antiguos iberos&lt;/em&gt; would sound weird. Or a language which is, in fact, a peculiar way of speaking, such as &lt;em&gt;lengua de germanías&lt;/em&gt; (a language used among criminals and outlaws).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another exception is the &lt;em&gt;lengua de signos&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sign language&lt;/em&gt;), which would not be &lt;em&gt;idioma de signos&lt;/em&gt;. But, aside from those, the words &lt;em&gt;lengua&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;idioma&lt;/em&gt; are basically interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T15:28:08.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12251" CreationDate="2015-03-11T19:07:24.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo como?  ¡Como como como! &lt;sub&gt;How do I eat?  I eat the way I eat!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first como (the one with the accent) is the word &quot;how&quot;, introducing a question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second como is &quot;I eat&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So is the third and fifth one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The fourth como is &quot;the way&quot;.  It is like the first one except that it's used in an indication, while the first one is used to introduce a question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard this as a sort of light hearted joke in SA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T10:29:38.603" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T10:29:38.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2015-03-11T20:21:45.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the person who said there is not just one dialect in northern Mexico. As in other countries, dialects tend to form a continuum of variants. For example, Baja California, where I lived, has its own form of Spanish, mostly resembling other forms of northwestern Spanish but with FAR more anglicisms than the northeast, for example. This is primarily due to Tijuana being within three hours' driving distance from 12 million Americans, much more than any other place in Mexico. Plus the region is rather remote from the rest of the country, with the next nearest Big City, Hermosillo, being ten hours driving time from Mexicali. In fact, Baja's nearest linguistic neighbor is southwestern U.S. Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me as a non-Mexican, the most noticeable difference is in the vocabulary. The Spanish I'm most familiar with is that of Tijuana, with has a number of factors that make it unique, mostly having to do with vocabulary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone mentioned the &quot;sh&quot; phoneme and that is very noticeable if you're paying attention, otherwise it might escape your notice as not all northerners use it, and it's not common at all in the northeast. Mexicans have told me it has its origins in Chihuahua. And some speakers are midway between Sh and Ch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to sum up: The big differences are the vocabulary and the &quot;Sh&quot; phoneme. The further west you go through the border states, the more pronounced these differences are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T20:21:45.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12273" CreationDate="2015-03-11T21:28:27.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lengua is more formal, as in e.g. La Real Academía de la Lengua Española. Also, lengua is used in specific expressions such as lengua materna, the biblical &quot;hablar en lenguas/don de lenguas&quot; and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the word lenguaje - meaning lingo or jargon - which has no precise synonym.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In everyday speech, you would seldom if ever use the word lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T21:28:27.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12182" CreationDate="2015-03-11T22:10:12.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is a bit like Latin in that verbs have fairly complex conjugations and there are several basic conjugations that follow standard rules which, as you fear, have to be memorized. There are three basic conjugations for regular verbs. And then there are oodles of irregular verbs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T22:10:12.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-03-11T22:36:32.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Baja California, I've often heard &quot;mi amá&quot; in the third person and &quot;má&quot; in the second. For father/dad I wasn't paying attention, or else I've forgotten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T22:36:32.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12039" CreationDate="2015-03-11T22:45:25.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The -ed and other Castilian second-person forms exist in the new world, but they are considered classical Spanish. The Bible, for example, preserves them even in the 1995 revision. They're also sometimes used when using a mock-formal tone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T22:45:25.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-03-11T23:01:33.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;that&quot; is implied and therefore does not have to explicitly appear. I think [that] you are correct. In Spanish it simply can't be omitted; &quot;que&quot; as a conjunction can never be implied. It must always be stated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T12:16:53.767" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T12:16:53.767" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-03-12T04:24:31.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is actually rather simple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you have words that &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; nouns, adjectives, or adverbs (say, &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;). You also have things that &lt;em&gt;act&lt;/em&gt; as nouns,  adjectives, or adverbs but are actually entire phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest of these are just known in Spanish as &lt;em&gt;locuciones&lt;/em&gt; or phrases, and are more idiomatic in structure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the recursive nature of language allows us to use entire clauses (replete with their own independent verbs, subjects, objects, and complements) to take the place of a standard noun, adjective, or adverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a simple phrase like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Mañana) viene el (gato) (negro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three words in parentheses can be described with a whole phrase. Hence we can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gato&lt;/strong&gt;: tiene cuatro patas y es pequeño y antipático&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;negro&lt;/strong&gt;: parece ébano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mañana&lt;/strong&gt;: cuando salga el sol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of mañana, notice that it's hard to express without including a relative pronoun. That's common for adverbial ones. Let's start by replacing mañana with that phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando salga el sol, viene el gato negro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's replace the &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt;. In switching to new clauses, Spanish requires some sort of relative pronoun. With adverbs, it's generally obvious (temporal phrase: cuando, locative: donde, etc). But for adjectives, there might not seem to be a good choice. The “default”, absent any other relative pronoun, is &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;. So we use that to signal the start of the new clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando salga el sol, viene el gato que parece ébano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish speaker knows this functions as an adjective because the &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; comes where an adjective would be expected and the subject matches (if the noun is being acted upon, more complex rules with prepositions come into play).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With nouns, the same logic applies. If you would expect a noun, and you see/hear &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; you know to wait for an entire clause before processing it all as a single noun. While the sentence is now rather unwieldy, we get&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando salga el sol, viene el que tiene cuatro pata y es pequeño y antipático que parece ébano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's say I want to discuss &lt;em&gt;the fact&lt;/em&gt; that the cat is black. Here, I need to use the phrase &lt;em&gt;parece ébano&lt;/em&gt; not as an adjective but as a noun. Here, we simply use the &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; all by itself without any demonstrative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que parece ébano es obvio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole phrase here is the subject. How did we determine the forms for the verb and adjective? Well, phrases used like this are consider to be &lt;em&gt;neuter&lt;/em&gt;. Neuter things are &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; singular even if combined with &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and will always be third person. So singular and third person leads us to &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;, and singular and neuter leads to &lt;em&gt;obvio&lt;/em&gt; (neuter forms of adjectives are identical in Spanish to masculine forms, except for demonstratives).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now... How does this apply to &lt;em&gt;pienso que&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What comes after pienso normally? A noun. (Pienso &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; being as basic as we can get).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But often we think things that are best described with their own entire clause. What is it that you think? You think (something doing something). That bit in English parentheses is a clause. English has a variety of ways to construct it depending on context and verb, but Spanish nicely has one single way — using a full clause that functions as a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you say &lt;em&gt;pienso algo&lt;/em&gt;, that algo can be replaced with our phrase, for example, the cat being black.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pienso algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;algo = el gato es negro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But remember, we said all clauses functioning as a noun/adjective/adverb need to have a relative pronoun. Lacking anything better, we use the default, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; to head the clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pienso &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; el gato es negro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we prove that we're using this as a noun? Let's formulate it as a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Piensas que el gato es negro?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— Sí, pienso eso.&#xA;— Sí, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; pienso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the demonstrative and the direct object (singular and neuter). Those can only replace nouns — or noun clauses, which is what we've used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Okay, technically, this &lt;em&gt;el que...&lt;/em&gt; is actually described as just another adjective clause. Meh. I think the point is made, nonetheless.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Battery dying on laptop, posting this before I lose it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-12T04:55:22.140" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T04:55:22.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2015-03-12T05:05:56.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your friend is correct. If he's Mexican, &quot;¡a huevo!&quot; means &quot;hell yeah!&quot; or &quot;fuck yeah&quot;. It depends on the context. If someone asks you do something you don't like or don't want to do, &quot;a huevo&quot; means &quot;whatever&quot; and of course you'd be using a different tone depending on how you're using it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8649" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-12T13:01:47.993" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T13:01:47.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2015-03-12T12:53:07.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the context of your targeted sentence, &quot;Nice to see you again&quot;.. I, as a native speaker of English, understand this to be subtle.  For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You look nice&quot;&#xA;----- vs -----&#xA;&quot;You look great&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=define%20nice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The definition of nice&lt;/a&gt; will explain that part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my immediate idea for a translation of &quot;nice to see you again&quot; would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Es]&lt;/em&gt; Bueno verte de nuevo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not great, it's not stupdenous, it's just good, it's nice, like the feeling of sleeping on a clean bed with clean sheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué bueno verte (de nuevo)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which was given by alonso.torres is about the best translation I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T12:53:07.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2015-03-12T13:04:09.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading everyone's descriptions, it seems to me that a good translation for &lt;code&gt;a huevo&lt;/code&gt; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're damned right ... [I did]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You bet your ass ... [I did]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting though that when used with &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; and is changed to feminine it means lazy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar de hueva == To be lazy, like very lazy, like don't get a shit lazy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least that's the way I understood it to be when my mexican friend explained it to me.  I gotta admit, it is easy to throw off us non-native speakers with words like &lt;code&gt;huevo&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T13:04:09.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12289" CreationDate="2015-03-12T13:16:37.997" Score="8" ViewCount="6580" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nevermind the fact that these two words are both irregularly feminine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was always taught in school that &lt;code&gt;llave&lt;/code&gt; is key, like the kind you use to open doors / crank a vehicle, etcetera.  Though when I learned one day that &lt;code&gt;llave&lt;/code&gt; can also refer to the faucet on your sink or bathtub, I was, to say the least, confused.  My first instinctive idea was to figure out the link between a door key and a water faucet, and it has continue to stump me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Clave&lt;/code&gt; on the other hand seems to be the more abstract way to say &lt;code&gt;key&lt;/code&gt;... the kind of key you would hear about in a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;key&lt;/strong&gt; to understanding English is to expect anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key to eating healthy is to eat mainly fresh vegetables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that &lt;code&gt;clave&lt;/code&gt; is also understood in the musical context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This guitar is in the key of C minor. (@steverrill)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He likes to touch the keys on the piano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize there could be regional differences with these words, but I am interested to see whether there is a deep, embedded meaning inside these words that allows their meanings to be used somewhat similarly.  Because even though most people used the word &lt;code&gt;contraseña&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt;, I also know that &lt;code&gt;clave&lt;/code&gt; is used sometimes instead.  And in my humble opinion, a password is pretty much the same as a key, well, more like a code, I suppose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T17:51:52.840" Title="La llave vs. la clave" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12288" CreationDate="2015-03-12T13:43:03.030" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot; in the context of a faucet may also be called &amp;quot;llave de paso&amp;quot; and is the one that lets the pipes feed the faucet or the whole house water stream:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NTWB1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;llave de paso&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also use &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot; for some tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llave_inglesa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;llave inglesa&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (Monkey wrench) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llave_Allen&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;llave allen&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. We also use &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;llave de judo&amp;quot;, a movement of the martial art discipline in which you immobilize your opponent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?llave&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etymology of &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; we learn that this word comes from latin &lt;em&gt;clavis&lt;/em&gt;, and then the word evolved from &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Cl&lt;/strong&gt;avis&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;ave&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra latina &lt;em&gt;clavis&lt;/em&gt; pasó originalmente al castellano con el sentido de “llave”. Siglos después, en el uso culto, la palabra &lt;em&gt;clavis&lt;/em&gt; se convirtió en “clave”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso explica que en el fondo una clave es una llave: es algo que sirve para abrir algo que está cerrado, ya sea una cerradura o un misterio oculto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(quoted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://wordpress.danieltubau.com/la-doble-etimologia-de-fritz-mauthner/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this reference&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that these words are interchangeable. I would favor &amp;quot;contraseña&amp;quot; over &amp;quot;clave&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;clave&amp;quot; has a broader and more abstract meaning to me that a &amp;quot;contraseña&amp;quot;) but I would never use &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot; in this context, unless I want to make an analogy like &amp;quot;they open a door to knowledge or to mysteries&amp;quot;. I use &amp;quot;llave&amp;quot; for physical things and &amp;quot;clave&amp;quot; for abstract ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T14:11:48.663" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-03-12T18:15:38.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;May I add, the word &quot;charro&quot; is originally from the Salamanca province in Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When somebody from there &quot;va de charro&quot; (goes [dressing] in charro way) he/she is wearing the traditional clothes from the region. In the case of the man is a mix of the &quot;Zorro&quot; suit with colorful waist and a bit strange hat. Such dress is probably the arcane origin of the Mexican expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I was born there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CdgpT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8651" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T18:15:38.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12288" CreationDate="2015-03-12T18:25:02.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Diego said, they both originate from the same latin word, so the meaning is naturally very close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general lines, you will talk about a &quot;llave&quot; when it is a &lt;strong&gt;physical&lt;/strong&gt; object (house key, water valve). I have heard some (old) Spanish people (my great-granma) even talking about &quot;llaves de luz&quot; (electric switch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is instead an &lt;strong&gt;abstract&lt;/strong&gt; concept, you will use &quot;clave&quot; (music key, clue, password, database key...). From the top of my head I cannot recall any usage of &quot;clave&quot; for a physical object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8651" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T18:25:02.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12288" CreationDate="2015-03-12T19:42:46.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several pairs of words derived from classical languages that coexist and have similar meanings, but differ in that one remains attached to the root form, and the other evolves according to the Spanish phonological preferences.The name in linguistics for this phenomenon is &lt;strong&gt;doblete&lt;/strong&gt; (in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know if it's a rule, but I think that the evolved form is closer to the everyday meaning (eg, familiar objects, like &amp;quot;las llaves del auto&amp;quot;), whereas the classic form is used in preference to refer to objects of disciplines or technologies, more abstract concepts (like &amp;quot;ideas clave&amp;quot;) and formal style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples besides clave / llave:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;flama / llama&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rótula / rodilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sigilo / sello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;macula / mancha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;forma / horma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;clamar / llamar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;foco / fuego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;causa / cosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;atónito / tonto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;frígido / frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;directo / derecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cómputo / cuenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aurícula / oreja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;folio / hoja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;íntegro / entero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find many other examples. The first word of the pair is closer to Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T20:45:07.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12288" CreationDate="2015-03-12T21:25:55.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Llave&lt;/code&gt; generally is the real object to open doors, etc. Except in some situations like others mentioned before: llave de judo, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Clave&lt;/code&gt; is like a password. It is not tangible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T17:51:52.840" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T17:51:52.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2015-03-13T03:08:38.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am of Mexican descent and have friends from Panama and Colombia that both understand &lt;em&gt;pinche&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;fucking.&quot; It is not just isolated to Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8655" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T03:08:38.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-03-13T03:15:32.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard and use &quot;amá&quot; and &quot;apá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8655" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T13:00:15.790" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T13:00:15.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11902" CreationDate="2015-03-13T12:25:10.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pienso que&lt;/code&gt; is an introduction to a subordinate clause, meaning that an actual full phrase s coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pienso que&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;los perros se los comen los gatos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That clause in bold can stand on it's own as a sentence, but in this case it is subordinated from a verb.  I think you would call this a subordinate verbal clause... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use prepositions you're not subordinating anything.  The use of &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; is generally a dead giveaway of a subordinate clause.  No matter what the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta que me das dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bebo alguna bebida que se llama &amp;quot;Negra muerte&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jefe siempre hace que todos hagan su propio trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que los cuellos de las jirafas son demasiados largos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T14:33:05.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2015-03-13T16:50:37.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A huevo&quot; It also means in a nice way of saying things &quot;I know I'm right&quot; or &quot;I'm f* right&quot; so the person thinks or believes that he or she is 100% correct of what they are saying. Like everything, not always true, correct or right. It all depends, and yes it is vulgar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8606" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T17:30:49.200" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:30:49.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-13T17:28:38.287" Score="-1" ViewCount="717" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read my Spanish/English Bible daily. I have found that it is very difficult to attempt literal English translations of Spanish.  An example of the types of sentences I &lt;strong&gt;do not&lt;/strong&gt; have trouble with would be this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dios, en el principio, creó los cielos y la tierra.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would translate this in English attempting a literal translation first:  &quot;God, in the beginning, (he) created (those, the) heavens and the land (earth).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;do have trouble&lt;/strong&gt; with these types of sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por ejemplo, nunca habría sabido yo lo que es codiciar si la ley no hubiera dicho: «No codicies.»&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read it this way: &quot;For example (not, nothing, no one)  (having, had) (known) I that which is codified if the law no had said, 'No code (codification, letter of the law)'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there I attempt to reform it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;For example, I would have not know what is in the law if the law did not say &quot;No law&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously I'm close but just having a hard time with how to interpret.  In English we don't think like this &quot;not having known I&quot;.  Do I need to read it as it is and learn how to think in Spanish to become fluent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8376" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T17:49:38.657" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:49:59.397" Title="What are some tips on translating Spanish when reading" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2019-07-03T07:46:14.147" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12300" CreationDate="2015-03-13T17:47:11.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the case you give, &quot;codicia&quot; means covetousness, and &quot;codicieis&quot; means &quot;you (plural) covet&quot;. Obviously related words, although one is a noun and the other a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a parallel Bible, that has English on one side and Spanish on the other. It has served me very, very well. In case of doubt, I just glance over to the other side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are going to have serious problems if you think that Spanish has the same rules as English, only with Spanish words.  There are many places where the constructions are just not the same.  To name just one example among thousands, a double negative doesn't mean the same thing in Spanish as it does in English.  It means nearly the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:47:11.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12300" CreationDate="2015-03-13T17:47:28.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely, you can't go with literal translations. Think that the very first thing that you may learn how to say in a different language are basic sentences like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cómo&lt;/strong&gt; te llamas? / &lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; is your name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as you probably already know in Spanish we don't say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; (what) is your name&quot; nor in English you ask &quot;&lt;strong&gt;How&lt;/strong&gt; are you named?&quot;. Think that there are even regional differences (Spanish spoken in Spain differs slightly from the one spoken in Mexico, as the British English differs form the one spoken in the U.S. or Australia). Never go literal, try to understand the message and rephrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably there is no single path to fluency, but I would advise lots of practice (study, read, dare to speak even if you make mistakes, put yourself out of the &quot;confort zone&quot;,...) and &quot;do as Romans do&quot;, meaning, when speaking, try to sound like what you hear from natives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that might be giving you trouble with that sentence is &quot;codicies&quot;, which is a conjugation of the verb &quot;codiciar&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=eb8b3rUYlDXX2YhOTl7Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Codiciar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; means wanting someone else's belongings (&lt;em&gt;Thou shall not covet&lt;/em&gt;). The verb conjugation is &lt;em&gt;subjuntive&lt;/em&gt;, which is a pain for those learning Spanish. So a more accurate translation would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For example, I would have not know what is in the law if the law did not say &quot;Don't covet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:47:28.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12300" CreationDate="2015-03-13T17:49:59.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To translate effectively, one must read the sentence(s), understand their underlying literal meaning... or rhetorical/abstract meanings... and then think of how to express that idea in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:49:59.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2015-03-15T07:26:23.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Tico (Costa Rica).  &lt;code&gt;Vos&lt;/code&gt; is used almost exclusively, although &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; is recognized and understood with no difficulty.  Also, when conjugating in the past tense the Costa Rican &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; incorrectly uses the &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; form.  For example, the correct conjugation for &quot;caminar&quot; should be &quot;Vos caminastes,&quot; but in Costa Rica it becomes &quot;Vos caminaste.&quot;  I cannot speak for other countries, because although I have a pretty good idea where &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; is predominantly used, I know little about the subtleties and regional differences (although I notice that hasn't stopped many people on this webpage from writing completely erroneous things as though they are fact).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8668" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-15T15:23:06.287" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T15:23:06.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12270" CreationDate="2015-03-15T10:46:15.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also, the literal translation works in some cases. Only in some cases, mainly informal ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Queremos que estés como en tu casa, siéntete libre de entrar y salir a cualquier hora. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We want you to feel as if you were at your own home, feel free to come and go at anytime. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6975" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T10:46:15.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2015-03-15T12:49:47.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain 'vos' is considered an archaic term from the medieval era and the American colonies.&#xA;Nowadays it's only heard in old poetry where we want to refer to show reverence or politeness to somebody.&#xA;As other users have said, in America is a different story.&#xA;Countries such as Argentina, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Uruguay, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica are predominantly 'vos' users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T12:49:47.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12273" CreationDate="2015-03-15T13:46:56.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lengua&lt;/strong&gt; sistema de comunicación verbal y casi siempre escrito, propio de una comunidad humana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede no darse coincidencia entre comunidad lingüística y comunidad político-social, es decir que el dominio geográfico de una lengua no coincida con la extensión territorial independiente de un poder político o Estado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España la lengua española es el idioma oficial del Estado pero las demás lenguas peninsulares, como el catalán, el euskera, el gallego, son también idiomas oficiales en sus respectivas comunidades autónomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una misma lengua puede pertenecer a varios países, como ocurre con el francés, el español o el inglés, mientras que otra lengua, como el catalán, puede hablarse en tres países y tener distinto estatus en cada uno de ellos: oficial en Andorra, cooficial en Cataluña, y sin reconocimiento expreso en Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa facultad humana de comunicarse, presenta manifestaciones diversas según los distintos grupos humanos que existen. Cada una de las manifestaciones es una lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Idioma:&lt;/strong&gt; Lengua, perfectamente desarrollada,  empleada en una comunidad, particularmente cuando constituye un estado o nación: Habla cuatro idiomas.&#xA;El término ‘idioma’ se emplea con mayor frecuencia al hablar de las lenguas extranjeras, como en el enunciado “Saber idiomas es muy importante”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que observar que un idioma es siempre una lengua, pero una lengua no siempre es un idioma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Idioma&lt;/strong&gt; también es el modo particular de hablar de algunos o en algunas ocasiones. En idioma de la corte. En idioma de palacio.&#xA;Si el concepto de idioma o lengua oficial proviene de causas culturales, políticas e históricas, el concepto de dialecto presenta consideraciones únicamente lingüísticas y culturales. Porque debe entenderse como dialecto cada una de las variedades regionales de una lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dialecto&lt;/strong&gt; es la forma particular en que una lengua es hablada en un determinado lugar o medio social.&#xA;Los dialectos son las variantes o modalidades regionales de una lengua. Tales variantes no afectan a la unidad del sistema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En consecuencia, todos los dialectos de una lengua ofrecerán en sincronía un único sistema lingüístico en su estructura pero manifestarán específicas preferencias en el funcionamiento de ese sistema común. Estas preferencias se situarán en los distintos niveles, léxico, morfosintáctico y fonológico, o únicamente en alguno de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día, en un mundo globalizado, el concepto comunidad es un tanto subjetivo y la consideración de idioma, lengua o dialecto muchas veces está politizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T13:46:56.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12288" CreationDate="2015-03-15T14:33:03.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;llave&lt;/strong&gt; sirve para abrir y cerrar, puede ser para una puerta, el paso de un líquido (un grifo), o en sentido figurado el corazón u otras cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clave&lt;/strong&gt; no tiene nada que ver, aunque en inglés se use la misma palabra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clave puede ser el conjunto de reglas y correspondencias que explican un código. Entiendo que en inglés pueden usar la misma palabra porque lo interpretan como &quot;abre un mensaje o canal de comunicación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clave también es &#xA;&quot;algo importante&quot;, &#xA;&quot;un instrumento musical&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Con el carácter o el tono de&quot;, &#xA;o &#xA;&quot;Signo que se pone al principio del pentagrama para determinar el nombre de las notas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T14:33:03.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-16T18:45:58.630" Score="4" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that in the Spanish translated bible the name of Jesus when putting it together with Christ has dropped the letter s to compound it one word. Why was this done? Also in other parts of the Spanish bible I notice that when its a stand alone name reference it is spelled correctly as we do in the English language. Please help as this is very important for me to know why this was done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(as asked on christianity.stackexchange.com)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8680" LastActivityDate="2020-06-07T15:19:19.847" Title="Why is the letter s dropped when refering to Jesus Christ in the Spanish language?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-12-20T09:37:54.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12312" CreationDate="2015-03-16T19:08:36.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you lose one of the sounds when forming new words by composition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sacacorchos (sacar + corchos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quitamanchas (quitar + manchas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;buenaventura (buena + aventura)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the &amp;quot;S&amp;quot; at the end of &amp;quot;Jesus&amp;quot; was progressively lost to ease the pronunciation of the composed word &amp;quot;Jesuscristo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &amp;quot;Jesús Cristo (Jesus the Messiah)&amp;quot; to  &amp;quot;Jesuscristo&amp;quot; to Jesucristo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T19:33:34.320" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12221" CreationDate="2015-03-16T19:22:45.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente uso y he oido usar &lt;code&gt;malamente&lt;/code&gt; de vez en cuando con el significado de con mucha dificultad/a duras penas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Castilla y Leon, España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8651" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T19:22:45.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12321" CreationDate="2015-03-16T23:50:01.107" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;Chiuahua&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Chiuahueño&lt;/code&gt;?? They both are/mean Chiuahua, the dog breed. Are there just other ways to say it??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-03-19T00:19:35.827" Title="Difference between &quot;Chiuahua&quot; and &quot;Chiuahueño&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12318" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-03-16T23:51:41.903" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-03-16T23:51:41.903" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T23:51:41.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12319" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-03-16T23:51:41.903" Score="0" Body="Difference between any nouns that mean the same thing." OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="7172" LastEditDate="2015-03-17T13:34:00.260" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T13:34:00.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12317" CreationDate="2015-03-17T02:04:55.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahue%C3%B1o_%28perro%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt; claims that the &lt;em&gt;chihuahua&lt;/em&gt; breed originated in Mexico. Elsewhere from Mexico the breed received the name of the state where this breed was found (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chiuahua&lt;/a&gt;, which means &quot;arid and dusty land&quot; in the language of the tarahumaras or rarámuris, a tribe native from Mexico) and it seems that in Mexico only the breed is also know as &quot;chihuahueño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That page doesn't have an English translation, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahua_(dog)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this other&lt;/a&gt; explains more or less the same origin for the breed (except for the name &lt;em&gt;chihuahueño&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that in Mexico only, &lt;em&gt;chihuahueño&lt;/em&gt; refers to the name of the breed (and probably they use &lt;em&gt;Chihuahua&lt;/em&gt; only to name the state). In Spain we use &lt;em&gt;&quot;chihuahua&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;&quot;chihuahueño&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I don't know if there are any other countries in latin america which may also favor &lt;em&gt;&quot;chihuahueño&quot;&lt;/em&gt; over &lt;em&gt;&quot;chihuahua&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to refer to the dog breed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-19T00:19:35.827" LastActivityDate="2015-03-19T00:19:35.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-17T05:48:44.590" Score="2" ViewCount="975" Body="&lt;p&gt;He notado que en España tienden a pronunciar las palabras francesas de forma más cercana al original, pero no es así en México donde se acostumbra pronunciar las &lt;em&gt;tes&lt;/em&gt; de palabras como &lt;em&gt;chalet&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ballet&lt;/em&gt;. Tengo curiosidad de saber que tan extendida está una u otra forma en los demás países hispanohablantes y cuál es la forma más usada ya sea escrita o hablada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T20:16:34.967" Title="¿Balé o Ballet - Chalé o Chalet?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12325" CreationDate="2015-03-17T18:52:40.100" Score="0" ViewCount="815" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you pronounce the consonants &quot;ll&quot;?? I want to say my name in Spanish but I keep saying &quot;ll&quot; like how Americans say in English.Then people say that I am wrong but don't tell me how to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T18:56:07.257" Title="Pronunciation on &quot;ll&quot; for in the sentence &quot;me llamo&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-03-23T20:15:49.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12324" CreationDate="2015-03-17T18:56:07.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You pronounce it as a &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; in English. So you would pronounce it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me yamo [your name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yamas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como te &lt;strong&gt;yamas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T18:56:07.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12327" CreationDate="2015-03-17T19:36:38.097" Score="1" ViewCount="3386" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is  the  difference between the preposition 'a' and 'de'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if they both  mean 'to/from'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:55:49.763" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T09:55:49.763" Title="Difference between preposition &quot;a&quot; and &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12326" CreationDate="2015-03-17T20:02:48.543" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both prepositions can have a lot of different uses, but basically &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; would be &quot;to&quot; and &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; would be &quot;from&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denota de dónde es, viene o sale alguien o algo. La piedra es de Colmenar &lt;sub&gt; The stone is &lt;strong&gt;from&lt;/strong&gt; Colmenar &lt;/sub&gt;. Vengo de Aranjuez &lt;sub&gt; I come from Aranjuez &lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Indica la dirección que lleva o el término a que se encamina alguien o algo. Voy a Roma, a palacio &lt;sub&gt; I'm going &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; Rome, to the palace &lt;/sub&gt;. Estos libros van dirigidos a tu padre &lt;sub&gt; These books are addressed to your father &lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is a &lt;strong&gt;huge&lt;/strong&gt; oversimplification of the many uses of both prepositions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T20:02:48.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2015-03-17T23:52:29.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de argentina y sí, se usa solo acá. Como dijieron anteriormente, se utiliza para intensificar algo (verbos y adjetivos, sobre todo)&#xA;Y no, no hay reglas concretas de gramatica porque no creo que se una palabra &quot;oficial&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te lo comiste a Juan? Sí, me lo re comí. &#xA;Messi es re buen jugador. &#xA;¡Anoche la cena estuvo re linda!&#xA;Ese pibe esta re bueno&#xA;Aquella montaña rusa es re divertida&#xA;Etc&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te haya servido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8685" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-18T01:20:52.507" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T01:20:52.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12322" CreationDate="2015-03-18T01:34:15.647" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lista con los 25 países de habla hispana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Belize&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bolivia         &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;: Siempre se escribe la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; final. La pronunciación depende del caso. En &lt;em&gt;chalet, ballet, cabaret y carnet&lt;/em&gt; depende del grado de formalidad adoptado; normalmente hay un leve bloqueo con la lengua que nunca llega a ser un chasquido. (La palabra &lt;em&gt;carnet&lt;/em&gt; es de uso diario en Chile). En el caso de &lt;em&gt;bidet&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;corset&lt;/em&gt; no se pronuncia la t final. En el caso de &lt;em&gt;toilet&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia como en francés, cerca de &quot;tualet&quot;. En palabras de otros orígenes, como &lt;em&gt;clóset, hábitat, test, tarot y debut&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia y escribe la t.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuba   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Salvador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;: Favorece el uso escrito de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idealista.com/news/inmobiliario/top-idealista/2013/04/29/612011-los-20-chalets-nuevos-mas-baratos-de-espana-tabla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;chalet&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://balletnacional.mcu.es/index.php/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;ballet&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. La pronunciación tiende a reflejar esta preferencia, pero puede haber variaciones en distintas regiones. Incluso, aunque la RAE sólo recoge &lt;em&gt;&quot;carné&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (y es lo que se suele ver escrito con mayor frecuencia) no es difícil encontrar también &lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.cordoba.gov.ar/portal/index.php/secretaria-de-transporte/subsecretaria-de-transito/carnet-de-conducir/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;carnet&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (carnet de conducir; carnet joven) y escuchar una pronunciación acorde. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filipinas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guinea Equatorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guatemala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Honduras &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México: Se escriben como en el francés &quot;Ballet&quot; y &quot;Chalet&quot; y se pronuncian tal como está escrito.     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panamá&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paraguay &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Republica Dominicana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sáhara occidental&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uruguay &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-03-18T11:52:43.573" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T11:52:43.573" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-03-18T01:34:15.647" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12317" CreationDate="2015-03-18T13:29:10.497" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having lived in Chihuahua, México for a time (20+ years ago), I observed the following...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chihuahua&lt;/code&gt; - the name of the state&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chihuahuense&lt;/code&gt; - a person from the state of Chihuahua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chihuahueño&lt;/code&gt; - the dog breed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;chihuahueño&lt;/em&gt; to refer to a person was always either a joke or an insult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, it's dangerous to assume that vocabulary used in one place can be generalized to all Spanish speakers. At least, several others from other parts of México with whom I worked used this vocabulary to make the distinction between the place, the person, and the perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T13:29:10.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12322" CreationDate="2015-03-19T09:41:46.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España antiguamente (hasta los años 80 y 90) la forma correcta era la acabada en &quot;t&quot; (carnet). Pero dado que la mayoría de la gente omitía ese sonido al hablar e incluso al escribir, en 2003 o 2004 la RAE lo cambió por la forma hispanizada, haciendo que la forma correcta sea sin la &quot;t&quot; y con el acento correspondiente (carné) y la forma con &quot;T&quot; pasó a ser obsoleta pero no incorrecta. Por ello aún se ve escrito en algunos lugares, ya sea porque sean textos anteriores al cambio o porque se deba a gente que no se siente cómoda o de acuerdo con el cambio e insiste en seguir usando la forma antigua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T20:16:34.967" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T20:16:34.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-19T14:14:41.220" Score="4" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oido la palabra &quot;reticulado&quot; en ambientes de ingeniería y matemáticas refiriéndose a elementos finitos.  Una vez escuché una investigación en donde utilizaron otra palabra, pero ya no me acuerdo cual fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuales son las formas correctas para decir &quot;mesh&quot; en el contexto de elementos finitos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-03-19T18:16:55.390" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T00:24:03.887" Title="Otras formas de decir &quot;mesh&quot;" Tags="&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12332" CreationDate="2015-03-19T15:53:44.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto en programas de gráfica 3D, &lt;strong&gt;mesh&lt;/strong&gt; se traduce normalmente como &lt;strong&gt;malla&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;polymesh&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;malla poligonal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;reticulado&lt;/strong&gt; que propones es una excelente traducción. Tal vez puedes considerar también &lt;strong&gt;tejido&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;red&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-03-19T15:53:44.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12339" CreationDate="2015-03-20T01:23:31.177" Score="2" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading the first Harry Potter book in Spanish and have noticed that Hagrid addresses Vernon Dursley in &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Le exijo que se vaya enseguida, señor! —dijo—. ¡Esto es allanamiento de morada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Bah, &lt;strong&gt;cierra&lt;/strong&gt; la boca, Dursley, grandísimo majadero —dijo el gigante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet on the next page it seems to be the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Deténgase! —ordenó—. ¡Deténgase ahora mismo, señor! ¡Le prohíbo que le diga nada al muchacho!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿No &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; lo &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; dicho? ¿No &lt;strong&gt;le ha&lt;/strong&gt; hablado sobre el contenido de la carta que Dumbledore le dejó? ¡Yo estaba allí! ¡Vi que Dumbledore la dejaba, Dursley! ¿Y &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; la &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; ocultado durante todos estos años?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then one more time in the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Él no irá —dijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Me gustaría ver a un gran muggle como &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; deteniéndolo a él —dijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I misunderstanding something? Why would someone switch from one form to another like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up the German translation (there are also two forms in German): it has the informal form (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;) in all these cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1496" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T20:03:35.563" Title="Does Hagrid randomly switch between &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;usted&quot; forms?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12337" CreationDate="2015-03-20T02:05:22.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, he seems to be switching forms. &quot;Cierra&quot; is definitely a second person form and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, in spite of being a second person form, uses the 3rd person form conjugation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the first time this character addresses Dursley he seems to be insulting him, the translator may have thought that no one talking like that to someone else would care to keep the manners, using &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, but Hagrid could have said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bah, &lt;strong&gt;cierre&lt;/strong&gt; la boca, Dursley, grandísimo majadero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And address Dursley &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; tell and him to shut up all at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely you are right and the chosen form should be consistent, but since he is using &quot;de tú&quot; only for that one time that he is talking more aggressively, doesn't seem to be a big deal in terms of coherence. He is not &quot;switching randomly&quot; nor continuously, he only seems to switch once and that one time is understandable that the more respectful &quot;usted&quot; is not kept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-20T02:27:14.793" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T02:27:14.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2015-03-20T02:23:39.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To have a crush on someone is way, way different than &lt;em&gt;me atrae, me gusta, me agrada&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;em&gt;Estar prendido de&lt;/em&gt; comes much closer to it. It's a form of &lt;em&gt;enamoramiento&lt;/em&gt; to be sure, but it's more and it's different; it's at once more intense and less reliable than being in love. Being in love is more likely to last than having a crush; and you can be in love without losing your head, whereas having a crush can be quite unrealistic. For example, kids have a crush on their teacher, eleven-year-old girls have a crush on Justin Bieber, I had a crush on Ingrid Bergman a few years ago, never mind that if she were still alive she would have beeen like 100 years old, etc. &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Although I'm not a native Spanish speaker, I think it's possible that nothing closer than &lt;em&gt;estar enamorado&lt;/em&gt; exists, unless &lt;em&gt;estar prendido&lt;/em&gt; qualifies, though I suspect that the latter is closer to &quot;being taken with&quot;. In a sufficiently clarifying context, it should be easy to discern whether an &lt;em&gt;enamorado&lt;/em&gt; has a crush on someone or is in love with them. If the object of their affection is unavailable to them, then there's no two ways about it, it's a crush. &lt;em&gt;Un corazonazo irracional, ilógico y poco razonable&lt;/em&gt; might be a good definition, but a real translation would of course have to be much more concise. &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;[minutes later]&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;The whole time I was writing the above, I was racking my brain, isn't there some Spanish word for this?  And, you guessed it, almost as soon as I hit the post button it came to me (and it even has an English cognate!). The word is &lt;em&gt;infatuación&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;From Wikipedia:&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Infatuación en algunos textos sobre Psicología alude específicamente a cierto estado emocional caracterizado por el dejarse llevar por una pasión irracional, especialmente por el amor adictivo. La infatuación ocurre normalmente al inicio de una relación amorosa. La misma está caracterizada por: urgencia, intensidad, deseo sexual y/o ansiedad, donde hay una extrema absorción del uno con el otro. Se le asocia comúnmente con la juventud y denota infantilismo. Este uso no es muy común y no figura en la edición de 2001 del diccionario de la Real Academia ni en el Diccionario del español actual de Seco, Andrés y Ramos (1999).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastEditorDisplayName="user8646" LastEditDate="2015-03-20T05:08:42.580" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T05:08:42.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9887" CreationDate="2015-03-20T17:16:20.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the kind of situation you want to make.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you want to tell this person you want to have a serious relationship you should use &lt;strong&gt;Quiero ser tu novio&lt;/strong&gt; in this case you are saying &lt;em&gt;I want to be your boyfriend&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to keep the thing easy and keep dating you should use &lt;strong&gt;Quisiera que siguiéramos saliendo, para conocernos más&lt;/strong&gt; in that case you are saying &lt;em&gt;I want to date you to keep knowing each other&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8701" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-20T18:01:51.753" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T18:01:51.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12346" CreationDate="2015-03-20T18:36:29.023" Score="7" ViewCount="21724" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between 'mirar' and 'ver'? I know they both mean 'to see' or 'to watch'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked online but can't find anything that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:59:52.293" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T09:37:35.700" Title="Difference between 'mirar' and 'ver'" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-20T19:08:22.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe these examples will help you understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira cuánto dinero tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Mira quien vino!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Mira&lt;/strong&gt; lo que encontré!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya he &lt;strong&gt;visto&lt;/strong&gt; tu trabajo y me parece bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer &lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt; a tu hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Has &lt;strong&gt;visto&lt;/strong&gt; la última película de Woody Allen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8699" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T16:16:50.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-20T20:03:22.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mirar es algo que hacemos con nuestro cuerpo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ver es algo que pasa en nuestra mente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirar solo es posible con cosas físicas, mientras que ver es algo que nos puede ocurrir tanto con lo físico como con lo inmaterial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede encontrar variación a lo largo y ancho del mundo hispano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8606" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T09:22:02.587" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T09:22:02.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-20T20:43:04.807" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just imagine that you were looking one of those &quot;spot the 7 differences&quot; pictures. You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Miré&lt;/strong&gt; las dos imágenes por mucho tiempo, pero no &lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt; las diferencias &lt;sub&gt; I &lt;strong&gt;looked&lt;/strong&gt; at both images for a long time, but I did not &lt;strong&gt;see&lt;/strong&gt; the differences &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mirar&lt;/code&gt; is &quot;to look&quot; and &lt;code&gt;ver&lt;/code&gt; is &quot;to see&quot;. Like the difference between &quot;oir&quot; and &quot;escuchar&quot; (or &quot;hearing&quot; and &quot;listening&quot;) we could say that the difference is in how much do we really perceive. You could be staring at something, without really seeing or processing some of the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes &lt;strong&gt;ver&lt;/strong&gt; la diferencia (can you see the difference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &quot;do you understand it? Do you understand what is the difference&quot;. While&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes mirar hacia aquí? (can you look here)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is just &quot;point you eyes into this direction&quot;. &lt;code&gt;Ver&lt;/code&gt; means you are perceiving more than &lt;code&gt;Mirar&lt;/code&gt;. Also, you can command someone to look in a certain direction, but you can't command them to see. You can only inquire if they see (perceive) something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T16:28:21.063" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T16:28:21.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2015-03-20T22:48:38.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So many variations depending on where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puerto Rico/Carribean you may hear ¨¿cómo tú estás?¨&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombia (and maybe other places, who knows?) you´ll hear ¨¿qué hay?¨ (literally ¨what is there?¨ and shortened to ¨qu´hay?¨) or ¨¿qué hubo/qu´hubo? (what was there?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Mexico it´s ¨¿Qué onda?¨ (what wave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could argue that these are closer to ¨what´s up?¨ but they´re close enough to ¨how´s it going?¨ in terms of their actual function and the responses they´ll get you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8703" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T22:48:38.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-20T22:57:31.833" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ver&quot; means &quot;to see,&quot; but &quot;mirar&quot; means &quot;to look at.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se mira para ver. &lt;sub&gt;One looks in order to see.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T10:00:13.217" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T10:00:13.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12351" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-21T08:51:12.470" Score="3" ViewCount="1743" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;antes de mí&lt;/em&gt; en el poema de Neruda? ¿Es algo propiamente chileno?¹&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siempre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de mí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no tengo celos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ven con un hombre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a la espalda,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ven con cien hombres en tu cabellera,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ven con mil hombres entre tu pecho y tus pies,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ven como un río&#xA;  lleno de ahogados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que encuentra el mar furioso,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la espuma eterna, el tiempo.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tráelos todos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  adonde yo te espero:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  siempre estaremos solos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  siempre estaremos tú y yo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  solos sobre la tierra&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para comenzar la vida.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pablo Neruda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] Siempre creía haber entendido el &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; como un adverbio verdaderamente temporal pero curiosamente leí la traducción al inglés donde aparece &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;facing&lt;/strong&gt; you, I'm not jealous&lt;/em&gt;. No digo que no sean consistentes los textos, sólo pregunto sobre la exactitud del carácter temporal de &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-21T14:08:21.350" LastActivityDate="2015-03-22T14:26:17.387" Title="&quot;Siempre&quot; Neruda" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2015-03-21T11:39:11.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una graduación, un ascenso en el trabajo, un premio ganado, cualquier victoria o logro, evoca el saludo “¡Felicitaciones!” (When you graduate, get a promotion, win an award, use &lt;em&gt;&quot;Felicitaciones&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, momentos trascendentes de la condición humana, del ciclo anual o los grandes pasajes vitales —el nacimiento de un hijo, un cumpleaños, una boda, Navidad y Año Nuevo— “¡Felicidades!” (When a baby is born, you get married, it's Christmas or New Year's eve you say &lt;em&gt;&quot;Felicidades&quot;&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;sub&gt;Trust me, I'm a Language(SP.Argentina) and EFL(English as a Foreign Language) teacher.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8705" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T13:20:39.563" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T13:20:39.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12351" CreationDate="2015-03-21T13:59:35.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que esa traducción al inglés es incorrecta. Leyendo el resto del poema entiendo que está diciendo que no está celoso de los hombres que estuvieron con ella antes que él. Esos son los hombres que ella lleva en la espalda, cabellera, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que sea una expresión chilena, simplemente en poesía se juega con el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/761560-i-am-not-jealous-of-what-came-before-me-come&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; hay otra traducción consistente con lo que digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I am not jealous&#xA;of what came before me.&#xA;&#xA;Come with a man&#xA;on your shoulders,&#xA;come with a hundred men in your hair,&#xA;come with a thousand men between your breasts and your feet,&#xA;come like a river&#xA;full of drowned men&#xA;which flows down to the wild sea,&#xA;to the eternal surf, to Time!&#xA;&#xA;Bring them all&#xA;to where I am waiting for you;&#xA;we shall always be alone,&#xA;we shall always be you and I&#xA;alone on earth,&#xA;to start our life!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-03-21T13:59:35.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12351" CreationDate="2015-03-21T14:25:42.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un chilenismo ni lenguaje poético. Simplemente significa que no me importa con cuántos otros hombres estuviste antes de conocerme a mí, o de estar conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy esperando que me atienda el doctor. &lt;strong&gt;Antes de mí&lt;/strong&gt; hay dos personas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Antes de&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a una &lt;strong&gt;posición&lt;/strong&gt; en una línea o una pila. Si bien se origina en el paso del tiempo, se puede aplicar a cualquier otro ámbito que metafóricamente se asimile a un tránsito con un delante y un atrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede estar antes en orden alfabético. Un elemento está antes que otro en la tabla periódica. El tres está antes que el cuatro. Temuco está antes que Valdivia según se viaja de norte a sur. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-03-21T14:25:42.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12351" CreationDate="2015-03-21T14:25:52.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Facing You&quot; sería &lt;code&gt;ante mí&lt;/code&gt;, que como dices no es lo mismo que &lt;code&gt;antes de mí&lt;/code&gt;. La traducción de este último sería &quot;before me&quot;, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de mí, había una mujer en este puesto &lt;sub&gt; Before me, there was a woman in this position &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://genius.com/Pablo-neruda-always-annotated/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta versión anotada del poema en inglés&lt;/a&gt; la traducción es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am not jealous of what came &lt;strong&gt;before me&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(que es por cierto la que siempre me ha aparecido al hacer una búsqueda en google de &quot;always pablo neruda&quot;. Quizá la versión que tú encontraste es la rara excepción con una traducción más &quot;&lt;em&gt;amateur&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que confunde &quot;antes&quot; y &quot;ante&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si haces click en los primeros versos aparece una especie de &lt;a href=&quot;http://genius.com/2927576/Pablo-neruda-always/I-am-not-jealous-of-what-came-before-me-come-with-a-man-on-your-shoulders-come-with-a-hundred-men-in-your-hair-come-with-a-thousand-men-between-your-breasts-and-your-feet-come-like-a-river-full-of-drowned-men-which-flows-down-to-the-wild-sea-to-the-eternal-surf-to-time-bring-them-all-to-where-i-am-waiting-for-you&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;explicación o anotaciones&lt;/a&gt; que confirma que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Neruda le explica a su &quot;amor&quot; que a él, no le importa las cosas que ella haya hecho &lt;em&gt;antes de que él estuviera con ella&lt;/em&gt;, él no puede estar celoso de algo que sucedió &lt;em&gt;antes de que él estuviera con ella&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dices ese &lt;code&gt;antes&lt;/code&gt; es un adverbio de caracter temporal. Mi suposición, como dije antes, es que quien hizo esa traducción que encontraste con &quot;facing you&quot; confundió &quot;antes de mí&quot; y &quot;ante (de) mí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-22T14:26:17.387" LastActivityDate="2015-03-22T14:26:17.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-22T00:59:21.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The broad differences are outlined above. One concrete example of the difference is that &quot;mirar&quot; is commonly used with &quot;televisión&quot; and &quot;ver&quot; goes with &quot;película&quot; (movie), in Colombia at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couldn´t tell you why, maybe a statement about the level of intellectual engagement films demand of the viewer... whoever coined that never watched any Adam Sandler movies, or challenging TV like &quot;Breaking Bad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8703" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T15:05:59.977" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T15:05:59.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11966" CreationDate="2015-03-23T03:22:48.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi sitio, el estado de California, la palabra &quot;carro&quot; tiene dos significados: coche y otro es carro de compras. Algunos dicen &quot;carrito&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-23T18:19:20.377" LastActivityDate="2015-03-23T18:19:20.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2015-03-24T05:23:03.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis amigos de Chile me dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo andas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo tay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estai?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-24T19:23:35.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12361" CreationDate="2015-03-24T16:27:17.677" Score="1" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the word &lt;code&gt;encato&lt;/code&gt; really mean? I have been looking for this word in several dictionaries but was unable to find anything so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excelente, me encato!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi hija le encato no se queria salir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8711" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-24T20:07:39.150" Title="Translation of “encato”" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12360" CreationDate="2015-03-24T16:48:17.720" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Encato&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not a word in Spanish. What makes sense for the context you are providing is that there is a typo and the word is &quot;enca&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;to&quot;, with an &quot;n&quot;. That would explain why you haven't been able to find it in the dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context you provided &lt;code&gt;encanto&lt;/code&gt; could be traduced as &quot;left me really &lt;strong&gt;pleased&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but the proper meaning would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;charmed&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Is as if you were saying &quot;I'm so pleased that is as if I was charmed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say that somebody &quot;es un encanto&quot; you are saying the he or she &quot;is a &lt;em&gt;doll&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Is some sort of flattery term. You convey that their good manners, or pampering or whatever (actually, their &lt;em&gt;charm&lt;/em&gt;) was charming you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi hija le encantó. No se quería salir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means, &quot;my daughter was so &lt;strong&gt;delighted&lt;/strong&gt; that she didn't want to leave&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy encantado de presentarle al Sr. Pérez &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means, &quot;I'm glad to introduce to you Mr. Pérez&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-24T20:07:39.150" LastActivityDate="2015-03-24T20:07:39.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12312" CreationDate="2015-03-25T21:09:36.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is another case where the Spanish language changes words to ease pronunciation.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;There are many examples.&#xA;We call &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this pastry&lt;/a&gt; &quot;medialunas&quot; in Argentina (&quot;half moons&quot;), instead of the more proper &quot;medias lunas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-06-07T15:19:19.847" LastActivityDate="2020-06-07T15:19:19.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2015-03-25T21:36:58.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also quiúbole, que pasó, qué me cuentas, cómo te ha ido, cómo has estado (though this one might be strictly U.S. and border Spanish, I'm not sure, as it's a direct translation of How ya been), qué dices (this one also has other meanings, e.g. Whatcha think?) ... and there's probably lots more that I don't know about. So many ways to say it, just like in English. Depends where you are located. My examples are from Mexico. All colloquial of course. Utterly formal would be Como está usted? Much depends on the register, as you can see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T21:36:58.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2015-03-25T21:44:00.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everyone's right, but also, in case it's of interest to anyone: &#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;In Tijuana, and perhaps other parts of the NW border of Mexico and perhaps elsewhere, you often hear &quot;Ayer te miré&quot; or &quot;Mañana te miro&quot;, both of which mean see, of course, and not look. This is a regionalism and I don't know if it exists elsewhere. It is NOT ported from any English-language expression like a lot of border Spanish is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8646" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T21:44:00.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12366" CreationDate="2015-03-26T09:36:51.647" Score="1" ViewCount="1117" Body="&lt;p&gt;He querido vs Quería ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that these are translated as &quot;I have wanted&quot; (although there's no such form in English) and &quot;I wanted&quot;. Past perfect and past simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my audio book they use mostly &quot;He querido&quot; in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any rule when you must use only one form? Which one is used more frequently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8722" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T11:37:26.680" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T15:27:43.680" Title="What is the difference between &quot;He querido&quot; and &quot;Quería&quot;?" Tags="&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12365" CreationDate="2015-03-26T11:03:38.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;He querido&quot; is more common when the action &quot;querer&quot; is close in time or is not finished. When using &quot;quería&quot; your listener will understand that it is an action completely finished (even a lot of time ago).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Yo siempre he querido ser más alto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(I've always wanted to be taller) not finished action  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana he querido llamarte pero no he podido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(This morning I wanted to phone you but I couldn't) close in time  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo de pequeño quería ser torero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(When I was young I wanted to be a bullfighter) finished action, far in time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also right using &quot;quería&quot; for close in time but completely finished actions  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería contestar todas las preguntas del examen pero no he tenido tiempo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(I wanted to answer every test's question but I had not time enough)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8723" LastEditorUserId="8723" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T11:22:14.390" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T11:22:14.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12365" CreationDate="2015-03-26T15:27:43.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Diego in the comments points out, &quot;I have loved&quot; actually makes perfect sense in English (and it's actually called the present perfect, the past perfect is &quot;I had loved&quot;).  Consider someone wanting to express their love for someone existing from the point in time they met that person until the present moment.  &quot;I love you since I met you&quot; makes no sense.  &quot;I loved you since I met you&quot; implies that we don't anymore (perhaps you are dead?).  The only possible answer is &quot;I have loved you since I met you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of things to consider without having more context in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the narrator is working in the present time frame, then present perfect will generally be used — it expresses actions that happened simply &lt;em&gt;before now&lt;/em&gt;.  If I say &quot;he viajado a Méjico&quot;, we know that before now, I went there, but without any indication of when, specifically, I went there.  Grammatically, you can set a lower bound by adding on &lt;em&gt;desde que cumplí cinco años&lt;/em&gt; or similar, but the upper bound must necessarily be in the present time frame. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the present time frame is, of course, still on going, there is a strong implication that the action, or other related ones, will happen again.  If I say, &quot;esta mañana he desayunado&quot;, while it's unlikely I'll eat breakfast again, I'm leaving it open for me doing more things in the morning (in other words, it's like saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;Thus far&lt;/em&gt; this morning, I've had breakfast&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the imperfect, there is a very strong (but not strictly guaranteed) impliction that the action has ended — if the narration is in the present time frame, that is.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the narration is in the past time frame, then &lt;em&gt;quería&lt;/em&gt; represents an ongoing action that parallels in the past time the meaning of present progressive or a habitual present in the present time frame &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T15:27:43.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12369" CreationDate="2015-03-28T13:10:57.433" Score="3" ViewCount="832" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la serie &quot;Los Serrano&quot; (de España) los personajes usan la palabra &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/joder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Traductor de google&lt;/a&gt; lo traduce como &lt;em&gt;fuck&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/joder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de RAE&lt;/a&gt; tiene muchas acepciones y no puedo entender si esta palabra es ofensiva o no. Dudo que esta palabra pueda usarse en ese serie, quizás yo oí mal. Entonces, qué dicen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8297" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T00:11:51.820" Title="¿Uso de &quot;joder&quot; en la serie &quot;Los Serrano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12368" CreationDate="2015-03-28T13:21:06.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del contexto, puede tener precisamente este significado sobre todo en España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero que conste que no es una palabra tan fuerte como &lt;em&gt;fuck&lt;/em&gt; en inglés. Para mí, tiene una intensidad algo más fuerte que &lt;em&gt;damn&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros contextos, por ejemplo en &lt;em&gt;mi coche está jodido&lt;/em&gt;, significa más bien &lt;em&gt;messed up&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;non-functioning&lt;/em&gt;; en tales casos, una traducción como &lt;em&gt;fucked (up)&lt;/em&gt; normalmente de debe considerar errónea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-03-28T14:25:08.527" LastActivityDate="2015-03-28T14:25:08.527" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12368" CreationDate="2015-03-28T15:50:14.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Dudo que esta palabra pueda usarse en ese serie&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta que la &quot;intensidad&quot; de la palabrota es un factor cultural (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12369/5481&quot;&gt;como explica guifa&lt;/a&gt;). Desde luego, es ofensiva y malsonante, y a evitar si no quieres ser tachado de usar un lenguaje soez. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las series y películas en España la usan como reflejo del lenguaje cotidiano. Lo mismo ocurriría con películas o series americanas con palabras como &quot;fuck&quot; o &quot;asshole&quot;. La diferencia es que probablemente en el cine puedas escuchar esas palabras sin censurar en los diálogos y en la televisión oirás un ¡¡beep!! cuando los protagonistas la pronuncian. En España por lo menos no hay censura de esas palabras, aunque existen franjas horarias en las que no puedes emitir cierto tipo de contenidos. Esa es una razón por la que puedes oír ese tipo de vocabulario en series españolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El factor cultural hace que esas palabras malsonantes sean tolerables en la televisión (probablemente mientras la serie o película con ese contenido no esté en horario infantil). No en vano en español se oyen a veces &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4798/5481&quot;&gt;interjecciones&lt;/a&gt; que podrían resultar realmente ofensivas para ciertos colectivos, y que serían impensables en otras culturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-03-28T15:50:14.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12071" CreationDate="2015-03-30T04:04:15.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This linguistic process is called &lt;em&gt;assibilation&lt;/em&gt;, and the sound you're referring to is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;voiced retroflex sibilant, phonetically transcribed as [ʐ]&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;As you mentioned, it might sound similar to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[ʒ] (the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;measure&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;, however, be sure not to confuse them. Take for instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; [ʒuβ̞ja],  &lt;em&gt;rubia&lt;/em&gt; [ʐuβ̞ja]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sello&lt;/em&gt; [seʒo], &lt;em&gt;cerro&lt;/em&gt; [seʐo]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; [ʒama], &lt;em&gt;rama&lt;/em&gt; [ʐama]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native Spanish speaker from Mexico. In most cases, people use either [r] or [ʐ], with [r] being vastly more typical I'd say. Some people use both, myself included. I can tell you though that I've never heard of anyone confusing [ʒ] with [r] or [ʐ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting links (in Spanish):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_note-r-13&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/spanish/spanish.html&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_andino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8738" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T04:04:15.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11947" CreationDate="2015-03-30T21:19:20.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the reflexive forms are used only when there's a direct object and you want to add some kind of emphasis. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me comí todo lo que me diste.&#xA;Me lo comí todo. &amp;lt;- More emphatic and informal, familiar&#xA;Me comí todo. &amp;lt;- More general, without emphasis, sounds literary&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, with beber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Te bebiste lo que había en esta botella?&#xA;¿Te lo bebiste? &amp;lt;- reproval, anger, surprise, also informal, precision&#xA;¿Lo bebiste? &amp;lt;- sounds kinder, this person worries about the situation&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;beber&quot; itself is not a familiar as &quot;tomar&quot;. Looking at the other responses there also seem to be a variety of reasons to use the reflexive form with other verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T21:19:20.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12376" CreationDate="2015-03-30T21:29:17.240" Score="3" ViewCount="2514" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;°Qué es la banda ancha?&#xA;°Cuidado!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've come across quite a few cases of the degree symbol (°) being used in cases where I would have expected inverted question and exclamation marks. Is this a stylistic choice? A case of bad/corrupted data? A workaround for older computer systems that don't support the &quot;¿&quot; and &quot;¡&quot; characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's broken, it should be fixed, but if this is a valid syntax then I will leave it alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8742" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T13:38:08.377" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T13:38:08.377" Title="Is it valid to use a degree symbol (°) in place of &quot;¿&quot; or &quot;¡&quot;? (e.g. °Cuidado!)" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12375" CreationDate="2015-03-30T21:47:29.383" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, the question and exclamation marks have no replacement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the first time in my life I see the sign º with that use (I'm native Spanish user). Apart from the meaning of &amp;quot;degrees&amp;quot;, the sign can be used to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;male gender: Vº means &amp;quot;vuestro&amp;quot;, Vª means &amp;quot;vuestra&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;position: 1º first, 2º second&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in this cases it is not strictly a degree sign but one superscript 'o'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surely, yours is a coding error or corrupt data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T21:53:25.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12381" CreationDate="2015-03-30T22:06:09.663" Score="1" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've encountered the following sentences in my Rosetta Stone Spanish program:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El teatro está a su derecha.&#xA;El café está a su izquierda.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the two sentences above, why do these use feminine nouns? Both &lt;code&gt;teatro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;café&lt;/code&gt; are masculine nouns, if it is related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the photos on the program seem to use the masculine to imply &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt;. So I don't know any reasons to use feminine nouns here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastEditorUserId="5747" LastEditDate="2015-03-30T23:29:46.557" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T12:09:30.663" Title="The reason of being feminine in `a su derecha`?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12377" CreationDate="2015-03-30T22:31:35.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nouns do not have to agree in gender.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The man is in the house.&#xA;  El hombre está en la casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El hombre&lt;/code&gt; is masculine and &lt;code&gt;la casa&lt;/code&gt; is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8737" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-03-31T02:37:53.540" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T02:37:53.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12182" CreationDate="2015-03-30T23:12:14.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;comimos&quot; and &quot;fuimos&quot; are past tense. There is a pattern you can follow to form the conjugations, but keep in mind that some verbs (many common ones) are irregular and will vary. This is the model for regular -ar, -er, -ir verbs in the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                    AR       ER/IR&#xA;yo                  -é       -í&#xA;tú                  -aste    -iste&#xA;él/ella/usted       -ó       -ió&#xA;nosotros            -amos    -imos&#xA;vosotros            -asteis  -isteis&#xA;ellos/ellas/ustedes -aron    -ieron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T23:12:14.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12377" CreationDate="2015-03-30T23:28:37.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We do not agree nouns in Spanish; apart from that, posesive adjectives (apart from nuestro and nuestra) do not agree in gender either, only in number. Whenever you want to express location, feminine is used with these words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voltee a la derecha.&#xA;No veo nada a mi izquierda.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is possible to say &quot;derecho&quot; as an adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tu brazo izquierdo está bien.&#xA;Encontrará el libro al lado derecho del estante.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastEditorUserId="7078" LastEditDate="2015-04-01T12:09:30.663" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T12:09:30.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12377" CreationDate="2015-03-30T23:41:34.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentences you provide, &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;derecha&lt;/em&gt; are nouns, and are not bound to &lt;em&gt;teatro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt;. Like in many languages, the same words can be used as adjectives, and when they are used in that way, they will agree in gender with the nouns they modify (e.g., &lt;em&gt;al lado derecho&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case, they are being used as nouns, specifically as objects of a preposition (to his/her/their &lt;em&gt;left&lt;/em&gt;, to his/her/their &lt;em&gt;right&lt;/em&gt;), and in Spanish, these particular nouns are feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T23:41:34.240" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12382" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12383" CreationDate="2015-03-31T23:47:35.840" Score="6" ViewCount="23621" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según lo que he leído &quot;había&quot; lleva tilde para romper el diptongo pero en caso de que la palabra no tuviese tilde, no se sobreentiende que si no lleva tilde en la &quot;a&quot; se prenunciara igual a que si tuviese tilde en la silaba &quot;bi&quot;?&#xA;Ya que si la silaba tónica fuera la ultima debería llevar tilde en la &quot;a&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6777" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-02T12:05:55.677" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T20:57:28.377" Title="¿Por qué &quot;había&quot; lleva tilde? ¿Acaso no se pronunciaría de la misma forma si no la tuviese?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12382" CreationDate="2015-03-31T23:55:40.937" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no llevara tilde deberíamos entender que la palabra tiene dos sílabas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ha - bia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como esta nueva palabra termina en vocal sin tilde, entonces es una palabra &lt;em&gt;grave&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;llana&lt;/em&gt;), acentuada en la penúltima sílaba. Habría que pronunciarla así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;][bia]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como en &amp;quot;rabia&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considera estas dos frases con ejemplos equivalentes. La negrita indica la sílaba acentuada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre es una mujer muy &lt;strong&gt;sa&lt;/strong&gt;bia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no sa&lt;strong&gt;bí&lt;/strong&gt;a la respuesta a su pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quitaramos la tilde del segundo ejemplo ambas palabras se escribirían igual, pero en realidad se pronuncian distinto y significan cosas distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T00:09:32.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12375" CreationDate="2015-04-01T01:12:07.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, I have never seen the degree sign used as a symbol either. However, I have often seen symbols, including the letter &quot;ñ&quot; being displayed incorrectly on some websites. &#xA;It may have something to do with GSM, ANSI and UNICODE.&#xA;In SMS (phone text messages), you have to use UNICODE to display the Spanish accented vowels and other symbols properly, if you use GSM it will turn to some weird symbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to just make a comment but I don't have enough reputation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6777" LastEditorUserId="6777" LastEditDate="2015-04-01T01:18:34.557" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T01:18:34.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2015-04-02T01:51:18.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its Spanish name is officially “&lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt;”, like the Latin word meaning “and”: “&lt;em&gt;En español no se recomienda usar el et pues la conjunción ‘y’ ya es lo suficiente breve y clara, y hasta más fácil de escribir&lt;/em&gt;” (The usage of the ampersand is not recommended in Spanish as the conjunction “&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;” is already brief &amp;amp; clear enough, and even easier to write.) &#xA;Regards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8753" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T01:51:18.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12386" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12387" CreationDate="2015-04-02T01:52:49.597" Score="3" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is usually figured out  by reading, but I don't really much in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; means to know a fact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sé las noticias de mis abuelos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Conocer&lt;/code&gt; mainly means to be familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example that is kinda ambiguous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David conoce a muchos músicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would usually put &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; based on this one: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David sabe del béisbol. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="6876" LastEditDate="2015-04-02T18:53:38.730" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T01:17:12.217" Title="Use of &quot;saber&quot; in this context" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12386" CreationDate="2015-04-02T02:05:54.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you posted in your question, we use &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; when we want to convey knowledge or mastery of skills and &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; to imply something more like &lt;em&gt;&quot;be familiar with&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;whether is knowledge or people&lt;/strong&gt;. Thus, we use &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt;, when you know people, but also when you have a decent understanding about something, which is a very similar meaning to &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify on your example about &quot;David conoce a muchos músicos.&quot; &lt;code&gt;Conoce&lt;/code&gt; is OK, since you are conveying that he knows a lot of people (musicians). You could have used &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; if you were saying something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; (mucho) de música &lt;sub&gt; David &lt;strong&gt;knows&lt;/strong&gt; (a lot) about music &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, use &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; when you want to say &quot;knows somebody&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;David is familiar with many (types of) musics&quot; you should go with &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt;, implying &quot;his lore about music includes these many different types of musics&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David &lt;strong&gt;conoce&lt;/strong&gt; muchos tipos de música. Conoce músicas étnicas de muchas culturas, música clásica y música moderna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;David knows (how to play ) many musics/songs&quot; you need to go with &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; (Davis has the knowledge to play these many different instruments or these many different rhythms or musics)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; tocar todos estos instrumentos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing how to play an instrument is &quot;saber tocar un instrumento&quot; in Spanish. Knowing about the existence of types of music and its intricacies is &quot;conocer esos tipos de música&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To explore more the differences between &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt;, you could see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10546/5481&quot;&gt;this related question (with its answers)&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12095/5481&quot;&gt;this other&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T02:29:28.597" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12386" CreationDate="2015-04-02T11:50:47.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must use &lt;strong&gt;conocer&lt;/strong&gt; when the meaning of &quot;knowing&quot; is closer to the notion of &lt;em&gt;being familiar or acquainted with something or someone&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And use &lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt; when the meaning of &quot;knowing&quot; is closer to the notion of &lt;em&gt;being able or have skills with something&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In using both words are sometimes confused for non-native speakers, but are quite different: &lt;strong&gt;conocer&lt;/strong&gt; relates with &lt;em&gt;recognition&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt; relates to the &lt;em&gt;wisdom&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, you can't &quot;saber a una persona&quot;. You only can &quot;saber&quot; knowledges as data, languages, techniques, science or similar matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-02T12:13:22.283" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T12:13:22.283" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12391" CreationDate="2015-04-02T19:53:03.613" Score="7" ViewCount="23448" Body="&lt;p&gt;En conversaciones coloquiales se oye con frecuencia la expresión &quot;comer la oreja&quot; a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es su significado exacto? Yo la entiendo en el castellano de España como &quot;intentar seducir a alguien&quot;, pues al fin y al cabo el acto de hablar a alguien muy cerca de la oreja suele tener esa finalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene alguna otra connotación en otros países de habla castellana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T13:23:50.400" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T10:46:55.717" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;comer la oreja&quot; a alguien?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2283" CreationDate="2015-04-02T20:04:31.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say it many ways like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo va?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hay? means more of what's up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T20:04:31.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2015-04-02T20:07:09.863" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado realmente no es &quot;intentar &lt;em&gt;seducir&lt;/em&gt; a alguien&quot;, sino &quot;&lt;strong&gt;convencer&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien de algo&quot; (aunque se puede argumentar que eso también puede ser considerado &lt;em&gt;seducir&lt;/em&gt; a alguien), hablándole con insistencia, con zalamerías, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de una posible interpretación casi literal (que tendría las connotaciones de &lt;em&gt;lamer&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;morder&lt;/em&gt; la oreja en un sentido &quot;íntimo&quot;) no parece tener diferentes significados en base a diferencias regionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T08:06:27.160" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T08:06:27.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2015-04-02T21:08:25.063" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo he oído más con el significado de &lt;em&gt;insistir majaderamente, tratando que el otro acepte por cansancio&lt;/em&gt;. Soy chileno y acá no se usa casi nunca, pero lo he escuchado en películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-02T21:24:34.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T21:24:34.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12396" CreationDate="2015-04-03T11:43:07.887" Score="1" ViewCount="648" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;To bell a cat&quot; is a phrase which means &quot;Doing an impossible task&quot;. I need to translate this phrase into Spanish to narrate a story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8761" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T03:20:25.577" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:20:25.577" Title="Is there a phrase in Spanish which is similar to 'to bell a cat'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12394" CreationDate="2015-04-03T14:12:13.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess that the rationale of the phrase is that a cat wouldn't let you put a bell on it. There is a similar expression in Spanish meaning something similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner una pica en Flandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;pica&lt;/code&gt; is a spear-like weapon. &lt;code&gt;Flandes&lt;/code&gt; is a designation for the Netherlands. The sentence conveys how difficult it was for Carlos V to get his soldiers to the Netherlands (&lt;a href=&quot;http://sobrecuriosidades.com/2009/05/14/lo-que-significa-poner-una-pica-en-flandes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;he didn't have good routes&lt;/a&gt;, neither by land or sea, since he was engaged in many wars with different countries). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PBzAB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Surrender_of_Breda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Rendición de Breda, por Diego Velázquez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T14:12:13.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12394" CreationDate="2015-04-03T15:15:54.743" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an almost literal version of that phrase in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;ponerle el cascabel al gato&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;to do something very risky, dangerous or very difficult&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T15:15:54.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12403" CreationDate="2015-04-03T16:05:50.080" Score="6" ViewCount="40276" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colquialmente se dice &quot;estar de rodríguez&quot; al hecho de que un hombre se quede en casa solo mientras su mujer [e hijos] están en otro lugar, normalmente de vacaciones. ¿Es totalmente válida esta explicación? ¿Tiene esta expresión alguna otra acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-la-expresion-estar-de-rodriguez/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿De dónde surge la expresión ‘estar de rodríguez’ cuando alguien se queda solo en casa?&lt;/a&gt; alguna explicación, pero podría ser interesante tener una explicación canónica (e histórica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿tiene alguna otra connotación en otros países de habla castellana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T19:34:07.657" Title="¿Qué quiere decir “estar de rodríguez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5441" CreationDate="2015-04-04T03:32:14.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablar&quot; comes old words that meant &quot;to speak&quot;, &quot;to converse&quot;, &quot;to tell a story&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One can &quot;vestirse&quot; (or dress) one's self, but the language of Spanish cannot speak itself.  Spanish is spoken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se habla &quot; is the phrase commonly used by businesses to express that a language is spoken there, but this is because the &quot;se&quot; is impersonal, I am very reluctant to agree that Hablar is reflexive here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is the passive voice, the language (Spanish) is being acted upon and it is not the actor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8764" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T03:32:14.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12412" CreationDate="2015-04-04T05:05:31.883" Score="3" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always learned that it is best to use the construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace tres años que corro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corro desde hace tres años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lentic catachresis&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo tres años corriendo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vengo corriendo desde hace tres años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a subtle difference in meaning with this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(since it is a direct translation in the preterite perfect progressive) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He estado corriendo desde hace 3 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Changed from &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;desde hace&lt;/em&gt; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it mean the exact same thing, but just not used as much? It seems to me they both describe a past event that continues in the present.  Does &lt;em&gt;desde hace&lt;/em&gt; work here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Jonathan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8748" LastEditorUserId="8748" LastEditDate="2015-04-04T20:54:12.270" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T00:44:30.197" Title="How to say &quot;I have been running for 3 years.&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12399" CreationDate="2015-04-04T07:25:11.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes que nada, dos alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo tres años corriendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vengo corriendo desde hace tres años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda puede acusar un cierto regionalismo rioplatense, no me doy bien cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;He estado corriendo desde tres años&quot; no está bien. A lo sumo podría ser &quot;He estado corriendo desde hace tres años&quot;: esta es una frase gramaticalmente correcta pero que se me antoja artificial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T07:25:11.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12399" CreationDate="2015-04-04T23:44:14.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the best one is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo tres años corriendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the more natural way to say it! However&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He estado corriendo desde hace tres años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is fine too, but it gives an idea of &quot;I will keep on running&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T23:44:14.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12399" CreationDate="2015-04-05T04:26:22.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends heavily on the context.  The first two options mentioned seem to me to be correct in a reasonable sense.  The rest of the choices seem to me a bit comical without a context (as if you were saying it WHILE you were running).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8572" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T04:26:22.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12397" CreationDate="2015-04-05T06:55:38.803" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;estar de rodríguez&lt;/em&gt; es totalmente válida. En efecto, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/rodr%C3%ADguez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, esta locución tiene una única acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rodríguez&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;(De Rodríguez, apellido)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hombre casado que se queda trabajando mientras su familia está fuera, normalmente de veraneo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología de esta expresión no es clara, puesto que está sujeta a debate. Existen fuentes que apuntan que esta locución nace de &lt;em&gt;El cálido verano del Sr. Rodríguez&lt;/em&gt;, una película dirigida por Pedro Lazaga. Sin embargo, otras (&lt;em&gt;cf&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://abcblogs.abc.es/proxima-estacion/public/post/viajar-estar-de-rodriguez-16571.asp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;ABC&quot;&gt;ABC&lt;/a&gt;, Fundéu) señalan que esta película fue posterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es difícil saber el origen de la expresión, &lt;strong&gt;pero con certeza no viene de esta película de 1965&lt;/strong&gt;, que probablemente se limitara a sacar partido comercial a una expresión ya usada. Prueba de ello es que podemos encontrar la expresión «estar de Rodríguez» (así escrita) en el libro publicado en 1964, titulado &lt;em&gt;Panorama español contemporáneo&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que no cabe descartar que se usara desde, como poco, principios de los años 60.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, por lo que he averiguado, esta expresión es utilizada casi exclusivamente en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8770" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T06:55:38.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5263" CreationDate="2015-04-05T19:21:36.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just wanted to add some additional examples to maybe help clear your confusion of when to use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; or when not to use, coming from a native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have already mentioned, the main use of &quot;se&quot; is reflexive. Compare/contrast the meaning of the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se da la vuelta.&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Él da la vuelta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella se mira en el espejo/la televisión/etc.&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Ella mira el espejo/la televisión/etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se avienta a la alberca.&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Él avienta la pelota.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more complicated example could be something that is inherently reflexive, like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se come la pizza.&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Él come la pizza.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I would argue that the fact these two statements express is the same, perhaps with only a slight change in emphasis. I hope these examples helped clear some of your confusion up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8738" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T19:21:36.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-05T19:46:13.387" Score="0" ViewCount="1232" Body="&lt;p&gt;what does the suffix &quot;-ida&quot; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia real gives this definition &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;suf. Forma sustantivos derivados de verbos de la segunda y tercera conjugación, que generalmente significan 'acción y efecto'. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would &lt;code&gt;subida&lt;/code&gt; mean? From &lt;code&gt;Subir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8771" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-06T02:28:23.480" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T18:21:27.477" Title="What does the suffix -ida mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12405" CreationDate="2015-04-05T22:27:55.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subida&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;ascent&quot;; loosely explained, given that &lt;em&gt;subir&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to go up&quot;, &lt;em&gt;subida&lt;/em&gt; would mean &quot;what you do when yo go up&quot; (&lt;em&gt;acción&lt;/em&gt;) or &quot;the result of you going up&quot; (&lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T22:27:55.807" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12405" CreationDate="2015-04-06T02:46:24.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The DRAE has an entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=IT55ZYqI0DXX26f5ZZBm%7Cigzqj987fDXX2nlD93H1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subida&lt;/a&gt;. It is basically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acción y efecto de subir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but can also mean other things, like the place where you start an ascension&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el camino de subida a la montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a color or smell, means to be &lt;em&gt;very intense&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se enfadó tanto que se puso de un rojo subido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works as an intensifier with other adjetives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese chico tiene el guapo muy subido &lt;sub&gt; (That guy has heard that he is handsome so many times that he is starting to act annoyingly) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese es un chiste subido de tono &lt;sub&gt; (That joke is not appropriate for some audiences) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T02:46:24.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12410" CreationDate="2015-04-06T11:54:40.653" Score="3" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;edit:&lt;/strong&gt; It seems I wrote my examples wrong. I wanted to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comermelo (I want to eat it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comerlo (I want to eat it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I sometimes see that indirect object pronouns are attached to infinitives when there seems to be no reason to do so.&#xA;For example compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quieres comermelo. &#xA;Quieres comerlo. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, these sentences mean the same (I want to eat it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, are there any semantic differences between these two? Or is this just an example of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic_doubling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;clitic doubling&quot;&gt;clitic doubling&lt;/a&gt; as in the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Le di un regalo a mi madre &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2866" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:43:30.980" Title="Redundant attachment of indirect object pronouns to infinitives" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12409" CreationDate="2015-04-06T14:15:09.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually the pronouns make important distinctions in the example you provided and are not redundant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means, &amp;quot;You want to eat&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres comer&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means &amp;quot;You want to eat &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, with &amp;quot;it&amp;quot; being that thing that has previously been named and the pronoun &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; stands for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres comer? Hay un yogur en la nevera &lt;sub&gt; Do you want to eat? There is a yogurt in the fridge &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un yogurt en la nevera. Quieres comer&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;?  &lt;sub&gt; There is a yogurt in the fridge. Do you want to eat &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he comprado un coche nuevo. Quieres probar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;sub&gt; I got a new car. Do you want to test-drive &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same for &amp;quot;comer-&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;-lo&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;comer-&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;-lo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un yogurt en la nevera. Quieres comér&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;lo   There is a yogurt in the fridge. Do &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; want to eat it? &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; is the reflexive pronoun for &amp;quot;you&amp;quot;. The reflexive pronoun indicates who is the beneficiary of the action. Reflexives can be tricky to master. You can say &amp;quot;comértelo&amp;quot; to express that you receive the benefit of eating the yogurt, but you wouldn't do so with &amp;quot;probarlo&amp;quot; for the car, but you could do so with &amp;quot;probár&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;lo with something like a suit or jeans&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres probar&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; esos pantalones vaqueros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt; to address the latest comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write/say something like &amp;quot;Quiero comér&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;lo&amp;quot;. Imagine that you are playing with your 4 year old nephew. He is in your lap, you are tickling him and then you say &amp;quot;Now I'm going to eat your ears! I want to eat them!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a comer&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; tus orejas. Me las quiero comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you stress that &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; are going to eat the ears&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a comer&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; las orejas. Te las quiero comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you stress that his ears are going to be eaten, by you. If it is difficult to understand, think of it with the verb &amp;quot;morder&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me muerdo las uñas / Tengo el hábito de morderme las uñas (You do the action to yourself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te muerdo la oreja (You do the action, somebody else receives the &amp;quot;benefit&amp;quot; of the action)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you change &amp;quot;la oreja&amp;quot; for a pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero comérmela / Quiero comértela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &amp;quot;Quiero comertelo&amp;quot; means that you are going to eat some body part of someone (because they will receive the action). You wouldn't say &amp;quot;quiero comértelo&amp;quot; for someone else's food, since even if the food belongs to them, they are not receiving the action of being eaten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T15:55:21.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12405" CreationDate="2015-04-06T18:21:27.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What the &lt;em&gt;Academia Real&lt;/em&gt; says by &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Forma sustantivos derivados de verbos de la segunda y tercera conjugación, que generalmente significan 'acción y efecto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is that you would use this suffix with verbs ending in -er and -ir (segunda y tercera conjugación) like &quot;com&lt;strong&gt;er&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;sub&lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (but not &quot;and&lt;strong&gt;ar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of the suffix conveys &quot;this is a result or action of doing verb XXX&quot;, but this implication can go beyond &quot;cause and effect&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subir --&gt; Subida (among other meanings &quot;ascensión, lugar donde comienza una ascensión...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Salir --&gt; Salida (Among other meanings, &quot;lugar por donde se sale&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beber --&gt; bebida (&quot;algo que se puede beber&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comer --&gt; Comida (&quot;algo que se puede comer&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Herir (hacer daño) --&gt; Herida (Daño recibido) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T18:21:27.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12399" CreationDate="2015-04-06T23:35:40.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two forms that you have work well with your edits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The different ways you can talk about how long something has been going on are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo [período] haciendo algo…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo [período] en hacer algo…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He estado haciendo algo por [período] &lt;sub&gt;(and I'll keep doing it)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He estado haciendo algo desde hace [período] &lt;sub&gt;(and I'll keep doing it)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hago algo desde hace [período] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es/son [período] ya que hago algo &lt;sub&gt;(strong emphasis on length)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy en hacer algo por [período] &lt;sub&gt;(but I'm not done yet)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[período] ha que hago algo &lt;sub&gt;(very formal)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo haciendo algo desde hace [período] &lt;sub&gt;(rioplatense)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That list is of course nonexhaustive.  There are probably many other ways that don't immediately come to my mind and all have some slight difference in meaning/usage, though effectively synonymous.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your thoughts on using &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt; (in one of your comments) probably comes from the &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; usage.  Portuguese uses this one as the normal construction (&lt;em&gt;Tres anos há que faço algo&lt;/em&gt;) but curiously Brazilian Portuguese, which generally avoids &lt;em&gt;haver&lt;/em&gt;, substitutes with &lt;em&gt;ter&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Tem três anos que faço algo&lt;/em&gt;).  Perhaps you heard a Portuñol expression that was &lt;em&gt;Tiene tres años que hago algo&lt;/em&gt; or similar, but it'd definitely not be considered Standard Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T23:35:40.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12399" CreationDate="2015-04-07T00:44:30.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llevo tres años corriendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Makes sense and more natural than the other ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He estado corriendo desde tres años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does not make sense but you could say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He estado corriendo durante tres años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T00:44:30.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12414" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-07T01:48:42.637" Score="1" ViewCount="829" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't seem to get when to use one vs another. Here are two similar sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trip was interesting - el viaje fue muy interesante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The questions were interesting - las preguntas eran interesantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I hear a lot of such sentences when &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; are used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand first word is &amp;quot;to go&amp;quot; and the second is &amp;quot;to be&amp;quot;, but I could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viaje &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; muy interesante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;las preguntas &lt;strong&gt;fueron&lt;/strong&gt; interesantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right? So, what's the difference? What would be the proper way to say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8722" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T03:16:03.283" Title="&quot;go&quot; vs &quot;be&quot; in past tense" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12414" CreationDate="2015-04-07T01:59:44.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (to go) in these cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is confusing, is that both verbs, &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, share the same conjugation —for all the persons— in the &quot;simple perfect preterite&quot;, also known as &quot;indefinite preterite&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, in the examples you gave, the &quot;&lt;em&gt;fueron&lt;/em&gt;&quot; form belongs only to &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the whole conjugation of these verbs in the following links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=k67kFKzFLVcRjCXsGnvz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=wzt64nUTTVcRjPE2d8HT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to be specific, the conjugation for this tense is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fui&#xA;fuiste&#xA;fue&#xA;fuimos&#xA;fuisteis / fueron&#xA;fueron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T02:06:20.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12414" CreationDate="2015-04-07T03:16:03.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm honestly not entirely sure what your actual confusion is here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; are completely different, and I can't think of any situation that they would be easily confused in beginning Spanish&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.  In your example, you have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El viaje fue interesante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the present tense form of this is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El viaje &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; interesante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (to be), not &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; (to go) nor &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; (the other to be).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question title (as opposed to the content of it), makes me think that you are more interested in the difference between &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, rather than &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      IR                 SER                 ESTAR&#xA;fui     fuimos     fui     fuimos     estuve     estuvimos&#xA;fuiste  fuistes    fuiste  fuistes    estuviste  estuvisteis&#xA;fue     fueron     fue     fueron     estuvo     estuvieron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's actually generally quite clear which one is meant.  Consider the many different present tense uses of ser: &lt;em&gt;soy alabameño&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;eres interesante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;es cierto&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  &lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; is followed by either a noun or an adjective.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, consider how &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; is used in the present: &lt;em&gt;voy al teatro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vas por la oficina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vamos hacia el centro&lt;/em&gt;.  It is almost always followed by a preposition indicating motion.  In the rare case that it appears to be followed by an adjective, it should most normally be interpreted as an adverb as in  &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo va? Va excelente&lt;sub&gt;(mente)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, for most sentences, the uses are so distinct it's simply not possible to have an incorrect interpretation.  Consider the above examples in present tense.  If we swap the verbs, we get horrendous sounding sentence that don't make much sense: *&lt;em&gt;voy alabameño&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;va cierto&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;eres por la oficina&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;somos al teatro&lt;/em&gt;.  You can generally use that as a guide to decide which interpretation you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;era/fue&lt;/em&gt; is a distinction not of verbs, but of aspect (preterite vs imperfect) and bested suited to a different question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. At best, perhaps something like &lt;em&gt;estoy de luto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;voy de luto&lt;/em&gt; could cause confusion for learners.  But that is because &lt;em&gt;de luto&lt;/em&gt; is a phrase that can function as much as an adjective as an adverb.  Other phrases can introduce similar difficulties if it's not immediately evident how they function in the sentence .&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. For learners of Spanish, I've found it's easier to simply say that &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; always has a noun after it.  Comparing &lt;em&gt;estoy feliz&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;soy feliz&lt;/em&gt;, estar can never have interposed noun: *&lt;em&gt;estoy una persona feliz&lt;/em&gt;.  For ser, that noun is implied, as &lt;em&gt;soy feliz&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;soy una persona feliz&lt;/em&gt; are identical in meaning.  Effectively, when used with ser, an adjective is necessarily nominalized.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. This is technically not an adjective, but rather, an unmarked adverb.  In Spanish it actually uses the neuter form of the adjective.  This is identical to the masculine in modern Spanish (except for demonstratives), but can be demonstrated by analogy in Asturian or cases in Spanish where otherwise femenine/plural would be needed but a masculine-singular-looking form is used: &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo vamos?  Vamos excelente.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;excelentes&lt;/em&gt;, which has a different meaning).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T03:16:03.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2015-04-07T12:21:58.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia and Ecuador and Peru and Venezuela we have always used &lt;code&gt;e comercial&lt;/code&gt; (pronunciation, &lt;code&gt;et comercial&lt;/code&gt; written). In Mexico, Cuba and the Dominican Republic I've seen them use &lt;code&gt;y comercial&lt;/code&gt; In Spain as @Hnavarro said they use &lt;code&gt;ampersand&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my humble opinion &lt;code&gt;e comercial&lt;/code&gt; is more adapted to the Spanish language. &lt;code&gt;Ampersand&lt;/code&gt; is more English and mostly used in engineering environments, not in everyday life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, I think &lt;code&gt;e comercial&lt;/code&gt; is a more globally recognized term seeing it in terms of how many countries widely use it in the Hispanic world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-07-11T17:23:39.510" LastActivityDate="2020-07-11T17:23:39.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-07T16:22:32.307" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the Spanish Translation for &quot;Swipe your badge to sign in&quot;&#xA;This is what I have got, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deslice su tarjeta de identificación para iniciar sesión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the above correct ? Much appreciate the help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8781" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-07T16:46:49.107" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T16:46:49.107" Title="How do I translate &quot;Swipe your badge to sign in&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-04-07T17:29:54.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12386" CreationDate="2015-04-07T20:26:38.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see there's been a lot of excellent debate on this matter. I would add, just to help, that the verb saber comes usually with another verb o with a phrase. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé leer. - I know how to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this first case, saber is related to an ability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que hoy lloverá. - I know that it'll rain today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this other case, saber is related to facts that you know. But, in both cases, saber is related to a dominated subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conocer is, on the other hand, a verb that should always be followed by an object (direct or indirect):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo conozco París. - I know Paris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo te conozco. I know you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as the rest of commenters have stated, conocer is sometimes a verb that denotes a general state of awareness or general knowledge. But, as we can see, when you KNOW (conocer) someone, or when you know Paris, it means that you genuinely know the person, or place, in a very profound way. This, evidently, will depend on the context. But I'd say that, in most cases, saber and conocer are only different in the way that they build their sentences - saber with phrases or verbs, conocer with objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8784" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T01:17:12.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-08T15:40:44.133" Score="1" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo se dice en español &quot;Women's Network&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como &lt;code&gt;Grupo de Mujeres&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;Red de Grupo de Mujeres&lt;/code&gt;, pero no suena del todo bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8789" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T04:46:39.627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T04:46:39.627" Title="Cómo se dice en español &quot;Women's Network&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-04-16T16:41:22.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12420" CreationDate="2015-04-08T16:12:57.760" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Red de Grupo&lt;/em&gt; de Mujeres&amp;quot; suena redundante. &amp;quot;Red de mujeres&amp;quot; es la mejor opción ya que una &lt;em&gt;red&lt;/em&gt; tiene connotaciones que un grupo, asociación, liga, comunidad, etc. no tienen. Puedes añadir adjetivos para describir el tipo de red:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Red &lt;strong&gt;profesional&lt;/strong&gt; de mujeres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Red profesional para mujeres directivas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Red &lt;strong&gt;social&lt;/strong&gt; de Madres en MiCiudad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Red &lt;strong&gt;española/chilena/salvadoreña&lt;/strong&gt; de mujeres &lt;em&gt;que tienen esto y lo otro en común&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T16:49:20.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10181" CreationDate="2015-04-08T20:03:37.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mae comes from shoe makers that would make apprentices hammer leather to soften it over a century ago.  Because it is practically useless, the apprentices and their bosses felt it was a punishment for learners; more like a practical joke for those coming through the ranks, or dumb ones (tontos in Spanish).  The term has since being linked with fools, eventually being accepted more of a way to call each other &quot;dudes&quot;.  Whether it is specific to Costa Rica, I do not know, but I know it does not come from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It relates to the verb &quot;majar&quot; or to press, as in &quot;Maje ese cuero&quot;. The word became a slang as it was transformed into &quot;mae&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?mae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?mae&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mae&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8792" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T02:39:46.390" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T02:39:46.390" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6924" CreationDate="2015-04-08T22:09:57.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;a menudo&quot; or &quot;con mucha frecuencia&quot; are used in Spain.  When I lived in Barcelona and Madrid  I never once heard &quot;seguido&quot; used in that way.  In fact, when someone from Mexico said it to me recently, I didn't know what they were talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8793" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T22:09:57.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2015-04-09T19:54:22.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo lamento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón is more used if you accidentally hurt or bump into a person. If you want you can add &lt;em&gt;muchísimo&lt;/em&gt; to make it sound like you mean it from your bottom of your heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T20:14:17.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12428" CreationDate="2015-04-10T05:42:37.103" Score="3" ViewCount="1332" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is best or correct way to translate &lt;code&gt;insurance deductible&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deducible de seguro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tiene de deducible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2365" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T13:23:18.877" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T11:57:46.783" Title="Translating &quot;insurance deductible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12427" CreationDate="2015-04-10T08:39:04.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia, the English article &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductible&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductible&lt;/a&gt; is linked to the Spanish one &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deducible&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deducible&lt;/a&gt;. So you can just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;deducible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;franquicia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did some research on &quot;deducible&quot; and &quot;franquicia&quot; in Spanish and it does match this meaning: the money you have to pay before the insurance starts covering any cost. You have an accident and for example, the first 600 euros of reparations are covered by you. The rest, by the insurance company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pacificoseguros.com/site/conociendodeseguros/Autos/-Qu%C3%A9-es-el-deducible-o-franquicia.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.pacificoseguros.com/site/conociendodeseguros/Autos/-Qu%C3%A9-es-el-deducible-o-franquicia.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es el monto mínimo o porcentaje de los gastos que se encuentran&#xA;  amparados por la póliza, que le corresponde pagar al asegurado por el&#xA;  derecho de atención del siniestro. Ambos términos significan lo mismo&#xA;  y suelen ser utilizados indistintamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T08:39:04.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12427" CreationDate="2015-04-10T13:11:47.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deducible de poliza de seguro o Deducible de seguro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Franquicia: Esta palabra no corresponde ya que tienen diferente significado. Esta se puede referir a: Yo soy el propietario de una Franquicia de Dollar General o Starbucks por ejemplo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.crecenegocios.com/definicion-de-franquicia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.crecenegocios.com/definicion-de-franquicia/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8606" LastEditorUserId="8606" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T13:43:51.540" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T13:43:51.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-04-10T20:41:00.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Judías o habichuelas se usa en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frijoles se usa en América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las judías verdes o habichuelas verdes son las vainas tiernas comestibles de la planta. En partes de Centroamérica, por el náhuatl ¨exotl¨, le decimos ejote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En partes de América pronuncian frijol, con el acento en la &quot;i&quot;, pero no sé por qué razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T01:11:15.803" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T01:11:15.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12446" CreationDate="2015-04-11T21:58:01.957" Score="8" ViewCount="8640" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en el diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/plano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Representación geográfica de la Tierra o parte de ella en una superficie plana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/plano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Plano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Representación esquemática, en dos dimensiones y a determinada escala, de un terreno, una población, una máquina, una construcción,&#xA;  etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y me asalta una duda: ¿cuál de las dos palabras se debe utilizar cuando nos referimos a la representación de una ciudad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi entender, usamos &quot;mapa de Argentina&quot; y &quot;plano de mi casa&quot;, pero para la ciudad no sé cuál es el correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T23:50:50.087" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;plano&quot; y cuándo &quot;mapa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12433" CreationDate="2015-04-11T22:51:56.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que me llame mucho la atención cualquiera de las dos palabras en dicho contexto.  Eso dicho, si tuviese que pensarlo mucho (y quizás demasiado, creando una diferencia inexistente)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hablásemos de algún documento que no se enfocara en ningún aspecto en particular o cuyo enfoque fuese geográfico/geológico y que fuese generalmente proporcional, creo que preferiría &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si tuviese algún enfoque en particular (las calles, el tránsito, etcétera) o si no fuese proporcional (es decir, esquemático), cuido que &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt; sería más conveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si alguien me diese un mapa de la Argentina que tuviera sobrepuesto sobre él las líneas ferrocarriles, probablemente diría «Plano de FF.CC. argentinos» en vez de «Mapa de la Argentina con sus FF.CC.».  Igualmente preferiría «Mapa de Madrid» si hubiese un poco de todo, frente a «Plano callejero de Madrid» si el enfoque principal fuera la disposición de calles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-04-12T14:46:51.740" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T14:46:51.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12433" CreationDate="2015-04-11T22:55:55.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A diferencia de lo que sugiere @guifa, en México el término &lt;code&gt;plano&lt;/code&gt; se escucha mucho mas formal que &lt;code&gt;mapa&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, podemos hablar de un &lt;code&gt;mapa turístico&lt;/code&gt; de la ciudad a algo que no presta demasiada atención a escalas y detalles técnicos. El otro ejemplo sería referirnos a un &lt;code&gt;plano topográfico&lt;/code&gt; de la ciudad, en donde los detalles técnicos son indispensables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1197" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T22:55:55.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3554" CreationDate="2015-04-12T12:55:23.850" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most of the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, «andar de vago» means “to hang around doing nothing”; “being lazy”... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T12:55:23.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12420" CreationDate="2015-04-12T13:00:52.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about a network in the ABC/CBS/NBC/MTV/HBO sense, it would be «El canal de la mujer».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T13:00:52.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12443" CreationDate="2015-04-12T15:42:50.707" Score="2" ViewCount="1024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm really new to the Spanish language and I'm trying to get a good understanding of these prepositions. I was taught that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De = of,from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde = since,from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then i found out that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a partir de = from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would i know which one to use if i needed to use 'from' in spanish???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8813" LastEditorUserId="8813" LastEditDate="2015-04-12T23:10:25.330" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:26:29.183" Title="Difference between de, desde, and a partir de (prepositions)" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-12T22:36:53.787" Score="2" ViewCount="5165" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps I am overlooking the obvious, but I cannot find an answer to this question: if the subjunctive is used to express uncertainty, why is every question in Spanish not in the subjunctive, as the uncertainty is inherent until the question is answered?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8822" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T11:34:04.477" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T11:34:04.477" Title="Subjunctive Mood in Questions" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12440" CreationDate="2015-04-12T23:14:35.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are new to Spanish, you shouldn't be troubling yourself to understand what you think to be anomalies.  Each of those words/phrases has it's own purpose in the language, it's not like you just pick one and use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, they all mean &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt;.  But even in English, there are different variations of &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Since, Starting at, Originating, Deriving, Materializing, Dematerializing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Desde&lt;/code&gt; is used to introduce, indicate and designate a starting point in your sentence, and always in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Desde el día que llegué aquí comía muchos legumbres.&#xA; Since the day I arrived here I ate a lot of vegetables.&#xA;&#xA; Mi padre me dió una cerveza cuándo era niño y desde entonces yo era alcohólico.&#xA; My dad gave me a beer when I was a child and since then I have been an alcoholic.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;A partir de&lt;/code&gt; does the same thing but it's more flexible.  This preposition allow you to set your starting point in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; A partir de la próxima semana empezaré a hacer ejercicio.&#xA; Starting next week I will start exercising.&#xA;&#xA; A partir de que llegue Pablo prepararé la cena.&#xA; As soon as Pablo arrives, I will prepare dinner.&#xA;&#xA; Se explotará una burbuja a partir de que se la toque.&#xA; A bubble will explode as soon as it is touched.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-04-17T13:26:29.183" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:26:29.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12442" CreationDate="2015-04-13T00:50:49.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is used in modern Spanish virtually exclusively in subordinate clauses.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  For this reason, the main clause of any question is in the indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, what you're thinking about &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; come into play with certain types of questions where subjunctive would not be allowed in the declarative counterpart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Crees que exista Dios?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— Sí, creo que existe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— No, no creo que exista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because at the moment of uttering, we don't yet know whether you believe it or not.  Now, compare this to a similar question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Crees que existe Dios?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that we're not asking if you do or do not believe in God, so much as questioning the whole statement and analogous to English's &quot;You believe in God?&quot; (compared to the first one that is the more canonical &quot;Do you believe in God?&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. In the Spanish of not that long ago, the subjunctive could be used much more freely on its own.  Nowadays, that use is almost entirely relegated to exhortative commands (&lt;em&gt;¡Coma Vd.!&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¡Comamos!&lt;/em&gt;) and all other uses are generally preceded with a &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;que sea fácil el exámen&lt;/em&gt; which emphasizes the subordinate structure, versus older &lt;em&gt;sea fácil el exámen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T00:50:49.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12440" CreationDate="2015-04-13T04:18:23.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De&lt;/em&gt; is a genetic preposition that occasionally needs clarification. If you're using it to mean &lt;em&gt;from&lt;/em&gt; (as in starting at), the clarifying preposition is &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt;. Curiously, whether you course &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt; will dictate which word you use for the end of range: &lt;em&gt;de X a Y&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;desde X hasta Y&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A partir de&lt;/em&gt; is often used with time or quantities, and is used to say &lt;em&gt;starting at&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;after/beyond&lt;/em&gt;). It usually is only used as establishing the lower limit on a range with no established upper range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T04:18:23.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12433" CreationDate="2015-04-13T12:16:18.013" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cierto lo que indican las otras resuestas a esta pregunta con respecto al &lt;em&gt;sentido&lt;/em&gt; de las palabras &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt; en el uso, considerando la función, la región lingüística y la formalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero quiero agregar una distinción con respecto al &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt; de las palabras, que probablemente no nos sirva mucho en el habla cotidiana, pero que sí hace una diferencia en términos técnicos y además explica por qué hay dos palabras en vez de una sola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo &lt;strong&gt;mapa&lt;/strong&gt;, por ser una superficie plana, representa una imagen deformada de un sector del planeta, al ser éste un volumen esférico. Esa deformación se realiza mediante una técnica geométrica que se llama &quot;proyección&quot;, que permite representar una superficie curva en otra plana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para un cartógrafo, un &lt;strong&gt;plano&lt;/strong&gt; es un tipo de representación de un área lo suficientemente pequeña como para que no sea necesaria una proyección. Con escalas grandes, como las del esquema de las calles de una ciudad, la deformación dada por la curvatura del planeta es imperceptible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces se puede usar &lt;em&gt;plano&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la representación esquemática de cualquier &quot;objeto&quot; del tamaño de una ciudad o menor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T21:30:16.030" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T21:30:16.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6924" CreationDate="2015-04-13T14:28:07.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in English, in Spanish they're a lot of adverbs that express frequency and when you're not speaking about always or never it will depend on the emphasis you want to give it rather than the meaning of the word itself, at least, that's how I think and what I usually hear from the people, and language is more trying to communicate to other people rather than following the exact rules that an organization says yo to follow. Though that organization changes the rules in function of how the most people speak, so... Anyway there are a lot of adverbs as I said before for the middle: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;frecuentemente&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You frequently attend to class. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;usualmente&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You usually attend to class. (The &quot;normal thing&quot; is you go to class)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;a menudo&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You frequently attend to class.  (I think this one feels like 'almost always' or with more frequency than &quot;frecuentemente&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;ocasionalmente&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You ocassionally attend to class. (most of times you don't go)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;a veces&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You sometimes attend to class. (Kind of &quot;half and half&quot; yo go and don't)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;algunas veces&lt;/strong&gt; asisten a clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You sometimes attend to class. (Kind of &quot;half and half&quot; yo go and don't)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T14:28:07.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12450" CreationDate="2015-04-13T16:19:22.467" Score="0" ViewCount="4042" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we say &quot;I swim&quot; and &quot;I practice &lt;em&gt;swimming&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;I am &lt;em&gt;swimming&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. I want to know how to say &quot;I practice swimming&quot; in Spanish. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/conjugating-the-spanish-verb-nadar-to-swim.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/conjugating-the-spanish-verb-nadar-to-swim.html&lt;/a&gt; this site has all the ways to say &quot;nadar&quot; (nada, nadar, nadamos, nadan, ect...) but they don't say the translation of &quot;swimming&quot;, the only show &quot;I swim&quot;. I think the right way to say this is &quot;Yo practico nadar&quot;. Is this correct? What is the correct conjugation of  verb in general when you add an &quot;-ing&quot; to the English equivalent? Is there some rule I can remember?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8825" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T17:12:12.050" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T13:06:52.767" Title="How to translate &quot;I practice swimming&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-04-13T16:38:48.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo practico natación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T17:01:54.263" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T17:01:54.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-04-13T17:04:10.200" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English you can use the &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form of the verbs to build a noun representing the action performed by that verb. This is only one of the many uses of &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &quot;swimming&quot; must be translated in Spanish as what it represents in your utterance, that is to say, &lt;em&gt;natación&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo practico natación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be very careful with literal translations, transforming the &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form in English to the Spanish &lt;em&gt;gerund&lt;/em&gt;, because in such a case you could end up with something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Yo practico nadando.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is not what you mean in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T17:04:10.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-04-13T19:59:21.110" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE : These are not practical translations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose you could say something like these examples, if you're just dead set on using the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nadar lo practico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Practico el nadar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Practico a nadar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Practicar&lt;/code&gt; is a transitive verb meaning it requires an object.  If it is ever used intransitively, then it is because the object was defined prior, the object is already in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you walked into a room full of people and said, &quot;¡A practiar!&quot;, you would of course be saying &quot;Let's practice!&quot;, but what if you were a stranger to this room?  By randomly walking into the room full of people you have no connection or relationship with and saying &quot;let's practice&quot;, you will have confused everyone because they are hanging on for that object.  &quot;WTF are we practicing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nadando&lt;/code&gt; is not an object.  Like everyone else has said, it is a gerund conjugation of nadar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to refer to something in the way your questioning about, the way we do in English with the gerunds, then you just take the infinitive form of the verb and slap a definite article in front of it; &lt;strong&gt;make it an object&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me gusta el nadar / I like swimming.&#xA;A veces practico el boxear / Sometimes I practice boxing.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though both of those objects have their own noun forms, &lt;code&gt;natación&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;boxeo&lt;/code&gt; respectively, they are still grammatically correct, as far as I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-04-17T13:27:31.083" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:27:31.083" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12452" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-13T20:15:54.037" Score="0" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't like reading and I got a lot of questions like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did search &quot;definite article&quot; but have yet found a article that address this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me give an example so those confused by my wording may know what I am talking about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El alma, &amp;amp; las almas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what is the reason for this though. It may be either that &quot;la alma&quot; sounds weird or that &quot;alma&quot; begins with a vowel.???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But yea, another example is words with specific endings, like &quot;-cion&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit. There are many more examples like the ending &quot;-dad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T12:18:53.013" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T14:12:49.877" Title="What are some exceptions for identifying masculine and feminine nouns?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12409" CreationDate="2015-04-13T20:33:36.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The indirect object pronouns used in your examples... &lt;code&gt;Comérmelo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Comértelo&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those pronouns, when used with comer, indicate eating all of something.  To eat it all up.  To lavish all of it.  To engorge it all, consume it all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you asked someone `¿Quieres comértelo?, you would literally be asking if that person wants to eat all of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T20:33:36.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-04-13T21:23:47.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use the very polysemic verb &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; (to do):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hago natación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility with &lt;code&gt;practicar&lt;/code&gt; is to add the corresponding definite article to &lt;code&gt;natación&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Practico la natación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not very sure of this, but I &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; that this form (with the article) is more typical of Spain as compared to Latin American varieties of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T21:23:47.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12460" CreationDate="2015-04-13T21:55:38.707" Score="0" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find it easiest to learn spanish through literal translations from Spanish to English, even though it doesn't always produce the greatest structure.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante no queda muy lejos de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would interpret this literally as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The restaurant [is] not located very far from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence still makes sense without the &quot;located&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The restaurant [is] not very far from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be in spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante no muy lejos de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this sound nonsensical or awkward in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the lack of a verb(even a linking verb) here would make it sound awkward in the same sense that &quot;The restaurant not very far from here&quot; is pretty awkward in the absence of a linking verb like &quot;is&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8828" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T10:08:52.640" Title="Omitting &quot;queda&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12457" CreationDate="2015-04-14T01:49:50.983" Score="0" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Formally, machine learning can be defined as the study of systems&#xA;  that can learn from data without being explicitly programmed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8830" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T20:17:02.517" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T21:17:45.927" Title="¿Cómo puedo traducir la siguiente oración, ya que no entiendo cómo se está utilizando el *without*?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-09-23T01:06:42.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12456" CreationDate="2015-04-14T03:04:38.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;without&lt;/code&gt; no tiene un significado especial en esa oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the study of systems that can learn from data &lt;strong&gt;without&lt;/strong&gt; being explicitly programmed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser traducido como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el estudio de sistemas que pueden aprender a partir de datos &lt;strong&gt;sin&lt;/strong&gt; haber sido explícitamente programados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que los tiempos verbales estén causando más confusión en la traducción que el &lt;code&gt;without&lt;/code&gt;. Es traducción no es única, y la oración podría ser traducida como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sistemas que pueden aprender a partir de datos sin &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; explícitamente programados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T21:17:45.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T21:17:45.927" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12455" CreationDate="2015-04-14T03:13:13.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, omitting the verb sounds awkward, even if the context is giving you enough information to understand the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even, by hearing something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante no muy lejos de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You couldn't be sure if it means &quot;queda lejos&quot; or &quot;es muy bueno&quot; or &quot;es de comida japonesa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that you can't or shouldn't go with a literal translation, but I think that is weird that the thing you want to omit is the verb, that is one of the key pieces of a sentence. You could say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(It) is not (located) very far from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And people would still understand you with little context, but if you omit the verb you are maiming the sentence in a way that it does not only not sound good, but makes it really difficult to grasp the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T03:13:13.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T09:20:59.013" Score="0" ViewCount="1906" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot;He is really good at playing soccer&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is it: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El es jugar el fútbol muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8832" LastEditorUserId="106" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T10:52:08.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T01:25:10.527" Title="How do you say &quot;He is really good at playing soccer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-04T21:56:34.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12455" CreationDate="2015-04-14T10:08:52.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another Spanish native speaker here. To use the verb &quot;quedar&quot;, in that context, can be replaced directly for &quot;estar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante no está muy lejos de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have doubts, use the verb &quot;estar&quot;, you can't be wrong there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El restaurante no muy lejos de aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sounds terrible, like a bad western translation. Of course, people WILL understand you, but there are grammar nazies everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8833" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T10:08:52.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12459" CreationDate="2015-04-14T10:11:30.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es realmente bueno jugando al fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8833" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T10:11:30.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12459" CreationDate="2015-04-14T11:44:36.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the exact translatation for that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él es realmente bueno jugando al soccer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to say that, we don't use soccer that much, we prefer to use &lt;strong&gt;Fútbol&lt;/strong&gt; (football) because in latin America and Spain we play more soccer than the sport you know for football in USA. Another way to say the same could be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Él es un jugador de fútbol realmente bueno.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(He is a really good soccer player.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T21:49:40.617" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T21:49:40.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12452" CreationDate="2015-04-14T13:54:56.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Feminine words that use masculine articles are explained thoroughly in paragraph two of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=el&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this articles&lt;/a&gt; from the DPD. It also explains the exceptions to the general rule (feminine nouns starting in a stressed &lt;em&gt;a-&lt;/em&gt; use the masculine article). But, in any case, words like &lt;em&gt;alma&lt;/em&gt; don't change their gender; &lt;em&gt;alma&lt;/em&gt; is feminine, even if it uses a masculine article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Juan rezó por el alma santa de su madre.&#xA;Juan rezó por la santa alma de su madre.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the rules to deduce the gender of a noun, there are some partial rules, but most of them have exceptions and, in any case, they don't cover all cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T13:54:56.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12452" CreationDate="2015-04-14T14:12:49.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use the masculine articles &quot;el&quot; and &quot;un&quot; before nouns that start with a stressed &quot;a&quot; sound (source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8Tu5qHMtQD63wEn6zW#21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;), independently of their true gender, which can be revealed by (1) changing the noun to plural or by (2) adding an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, ábaco is masculine, but hacha (which also starts with an &quot;a&quot; sound because the h is silent) is feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un ábaco, el ábaco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Unos ábacos, los ábacos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Un ábaco viej&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un hacha, el hacha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Unas hachas, las hachas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Un hacha afilad&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the initial &quot;a&quot; sound has to be stressed. Otherwise, you have to use feminine articles before feminine nouns, even in singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una amiga, la amiga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An exception to this rule is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=arte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;arte&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which is masculine in singular and feminine in plural. &quot;Un arte milenari&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but &quot;las bellas artes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A&quot;, &quot;hache&quot; and &quot;alfa&quot; are exceptions as well, but because they are feminine, start with a stressed &quot;a&quot; sound and use the usual feminine articles &quot;una&quot; and &quot;la&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T14:12:49.877" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12459" CreationDate="2015-04-14T14:20:23.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se le da bien/mal X&quot; is a construction in Spanish that means &quot;(s)he's good at X&quot;. (Note: Don't try to translate it literally.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in this case,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le da muy bien el fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T14:20:23.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12459" CreationDate="2015-04-14T16:21:14.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Who would use a high-brow adverb like 'realmente' in such a casual context? &quot;Realmente&quot; is a big word in Spain, and it is plausible that the suggestions given above are influenced by the overuse of the word &quot;really&quot; in English-speaking cultures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try, &quot;Es muy bueno jugando a fútbol&quot; or &quot;es muy buen jugador de fútbol.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even more natural: &quot;Juega de maravilla.&quot; Or, &quot;Da gusto verle jugar.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8834" LastEditorUserId="8834" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T22:00:10.650" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T22:00:10.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2015-04-14T22:01:06.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about other languages having the same verb with those two meanings (&quot;to know&quot; and &quot;to taste&quot;). But we might have a similar example with &quot;sentir&quot;, which means &quot;to feel&quot; and &quot;to smell&quot; in French and &quot;to feel&quot;, &quot;to hear&quot; and &quot;to regret&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, it might be easier to understand how a verb meaning &quot;to feel&quot; (as was the case with &quot;sentio&quot; in Latin) came to develop a more specific meaning of feeling through one of the five senses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T22:01:06.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12459" CreationDate="2015-04-15T01:25:10.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the &lt;em&gt;dársele bien&lt;/em&gt; structure that user3206227 gives, if the thing one is good at a verb, the structure &quot;X is really good at Y&lt;sub&gt;ing&lt;/sub&gt;&quot; can also be rendered quite naturally into Spanish as &quot;X Y&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; muy bien&quot; or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your example, you would have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él juega al fútbol muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T01:25:10.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12487" CreationDate="2015-04-15T05:18:11.493" Score="1" ViewCount="8143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does the first sentence use &quot;se&quot; and the second sentence use &quot;te&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that cómo roughly translates to &quot;how&quot; and &quot;se&quot;/&quot;te&quot; roughly mean you, so the first is roughly &quot;how you say&quot; and the second is roughly &quot;how you are called&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8838" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T13:41:19.590" Title="&quot;Cómo se dice&quot; vs &quot;cómo te llamas&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12471" CreationDate="2015-04-15T06:40:01.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first sentence means &lt;code&gt;How is it said&lt;/code&gt;; it's in a form of passive called &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can form this passive form by moving the direct object to the subject and adding &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[somebody] says Y this way&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Y is said this way&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[alguien] dice Y así&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Y se dice así&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence uses a &lt;em&gt;pronominal verb (verbo pronominal)&lt;/em&gt;. This is a verb form that has the reflexive pronoun &quot;built-in&quot;. That is, you are not performing &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; upon yourself, but using the variant &lt;em&gt;llamarse&lt;/em&gt;, which means &quot;to have such name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T06:40:01.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12474" CreationDate="2015-04-15T10:25:35.787" Score="1" ViewCount="308" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the adjectives&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;abnegado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desinteresado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;y altruista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter obviously is connected to altruism, the first to deny and the seconds ha interesting in it. But how are they used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8841" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T13:18:23.640" Title="&quot;abnegado&quot; vs &quot;desinteresado&quot; vs &quot;altruista&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12473" CreationDate="2015-04-15T11:02:54.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abnegación: Sacrificio que alguien hace de su voluntad, de sus afectos o de sus intereses, generalmente por motivos religiosos o por altruismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mainly religious related or against his own safety.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desinterés: Desapego y desprendimiento de todo provecho personal, próximo o remoto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not related to anything, just you are not interested in something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Altruismo: Diligencia en procurar el bien ajeno aun a costa del propio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, the most common one is &quot;desinterés&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8833" LastEditorUserId="8833" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T11:27:02.153" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T11:27:02.153" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12473" CreationDate="2015-04-15T12:51:48.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Interest&quot; in Spanish doesn't carry quite the same overtones as it does in English.  I'm going to call your attention to the dictionary definition of the English word &quot;disinterested&quot;  (not &quot;uninterested&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disinterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disinterested&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the principal meaning has to do with &quot;unbiased&quot; or &quot;free from personal gain&quot;.  The second meaning is more like &quot;uninterested&quot;, which is listed as a synonym.  Also, note the comment on the tangled history of &quot;disinterested&quot; and &quot;uninterested&quot;.  The words didn't always mean what they mean today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desinteresado&quot; correlates almost completely with the meaning of &quot;disinterested&quot; as &quot;unbiased&quot; or &quot;free from personal gain&quot;.  A Spanish speaker won't think you are saying &quot;uninterested&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T13:18:23.640" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T13:18:23.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12476" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-15T13:21:57.910" Score="1" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;So AFAIK monosyllabic words do not come with accentuation, except for they are used to distiguish them (que/qué). I came across some verses from the scriptures, that amazed me. In in the 1960 edition of the translation of Reina Valera e. g. Genesis 1:4 looks like so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y vio Dios que la luz era buena (Reina Valera 1960)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the 1909 edition, the same vers looks like so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y vió Dios que la luz era buena (Reina Valera 1909)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that a flaw in the edition I have or did anything change between 1909 and 1960?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8841" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T13:21:57.910" Title="Accentuation of monosyllabic words" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-04-15T15:16:44.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12482" CreationDate="2015-04-15T22:33:21.670" Score="3" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the definition I know of any reflexive is &lt;strong&gt;to do to oneself.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am not sure if this is only limited to passive voice:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se frotan las manos por Jóse.&#xA;    (The hands are rubbed by George)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, here is a sentence from a published textbook I am reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Frota su cuerpo con loción.(He rubbed his body with lotion)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think reflexive verbs also work here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él se frota el cuerpo con loción. [To avoid the confusion with passive voice (the body is rubbed with lotion), I added &quot;él&quot;.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am &lt;strong&gt;not even sure&lt;/strong&gt; whether the confusion will happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or to say &lt;strong&gt;he rub himself with lotion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se frota con loción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my teacher said &lt;strong&gt;I use reflexive only when something like &quot;en él&quot; is used.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se frota &lt;strong&gt;en él&lt;/strong&gt; con loción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;please, please, make as many correction of whatever I said as possible. Anything will help.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T09:57:10.333" Title="What exactly is reflexive verb?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1950" CreationDate="2015-04-15T23:29:54.040" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La clase zoológica de los mamíferos se divide en varias familias, que en lenguaje corriente se designan con palabras esdrújulas. Por ejemplo los bóvidos, cánidos, cérvidos, félidos y camélidos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los cerdos y jabalíes se agrupan en la familia de los &lt;strong&gt;suidos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra, en concordancia con el resto de las familias, se pronuncia como si tuviera tres sílabas y el acento se marca en la &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;. El problema es que por norma de la RAE la combinación de dos vocales cerradas siempre es diptongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traspasar la pronunciación de la palabra a su ortografía es imposible, porque &lt;strong&gt;súidos&lt;/strong&gt; con tilde es ilegal. No queda otra que escribirla sin tilde, de modo que quien la lea por primera vez va a pensar que se pronuncia como &lt;strong&gt;ruidos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T23:29:54.040" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12477" CreationDate="2015-04-15T23:53:50.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A reflexive verb is indicating that the object of the action matches the subject performs the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the following sentence illustrates the significance of reflexivity (although not a sentence you can actually use):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan frota loción en el cuerpo del mismo Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan frota loción en él mismo. (Your teacher's option)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syntactically the redundancy is solved using a pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; frota loción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the right sentence. It means that the subject is performing the action &lt;strong&gt;itself&lt;/strong&gt;. (Juan rub himself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T23:53:50.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12481" CreationDate="2015-04-16T05:33:43.107" Score="4" ViewCount="1251" Body="&lt;p&gt;When would one use &lt;code&gt;significado&lt;/code&gt; and when &lt;code&gt;significación&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the nuances of meaning of these two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8841" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T14:18:38.123" Title="&quot;significado&quot; vs. &quot;significación&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12480" CreationDate="2015-04-16T06:02:49.013" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is quite an advanced concept. In linguistics, &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt; is the word's meaning and &lt;em&gt;significación&lt;/em&gt; is the graphical representation of a concept, in other words, the word itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Significación&lt;/em&gt; can also refer to something's value: &lt;em&gt;Un lugar de gran significación histórica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-16T13:31:28.903" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T13:31:28.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12477" CreationDate="2015-04-16T09:57:10.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first example is wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se frotan las manos por José.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally, this might mean &lt;em&gt;They rub their hands because of José&lt;/em&gt;; quite absurd, probably, but this is the literal meaning of this sentence. In fact, this would mean &lt;em&gt;They have high expectations because of José&lt;/em&gt;. If you mean &lt;em&gt;The hands are rubbed by José&lt;/em&gt;, or better, &lt;em&gt;José rubs his hands&lt;/em&gt;, we would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José se frota las manos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a pure reflexive construction: José rubs himself (or, in this case, his own hands), so we can use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Passive-reflexive constructions, on the other hand, are also quite usual in Spanish. In fact, this is the most usual passive construction we use. For instance, you can say &lt;em&gt;The letter was sent on Monday&lt;/em&gt; in two different ways in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La carta fue enviada el lunes (&lt;em&gt;straight passive form&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La carta se envió el lunes (&lt;em&gt;passive-reflexive form&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The passive-reflexive form is much more usual than the other. But, as you can see, there is usually no room for confusion with the pure reflexive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking all this into account, the sentence &lt;em&gt;Se frota el cuerpo con loción&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly good in Spanish and there is no ambiguity in it. It means &lt;em&gt;He rubs his body with lotion&lt;/em&gt; and no other thing. &lt;em&gt;Se frota con loción&lt;/em&gt; would mean &lt;em&gt;He rubs himself with lotion&lt;/em&gt;; no need to add the pronoun &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, there is no ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T09:57:10.333" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12433" CreationDate="2015-04-16T12:25:04.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, un mapa hace referencia a información exclusivamente geográfica, mientras que un plano incluye información técnica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De este modo, un mapa de la ciudad incluiría su distribución de calles, edificios, singularidades geográficas... ¿líneas de autobús o metro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el momento en el que sobre esa representación pasan a mostrarse distribuciones de tendidos eléctricos, canalizaciones de agua, etc... pasaría a ser un plano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T12:25:04.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2015-04-16T12:58:17.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No son opuestos, pero casi:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calzón&lt;/strong&gt;: en algunas zonas es prenda &lt;strong&gt;interior&lt;/strong&gt; y en otras &lt;strong&gt;exterior&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;torta&lt;/strong&gt;: en Chile es un bizcocho &lt;strong&gt;dulce&lt;/strong&gt;. En otras zonas es una masa &lt;strong&gt;salada&lt;/strong&gt;, (lo que en Chile conocemos como &amp;quot;sánguche&amp;quot;). Esto lo deduzco del Chavo del Ocho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;colectivo&lt;/strong&gt;: en Argentina es un autobús. En Chile es un automóvil (un &lt;em&gt;taxi&lt;/em&gt;). Éste es el más forzado de los tres ejemplos, pero podríamos decir que el de Argentina es &lt;strong&gt;grande&lt;/strong&gt; y el de Chile es &lt;strong&gt;pequeño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T12:58:17.150" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-04-16T12:58:17.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12480" CreationDate="2015-04-16T13:41:28.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker, I have to say I barely use &lt;em&gt;significación&lt;/em&gt;. I always favor &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt; to convey &quot;the meaning&quot; of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Significación&quot; sounds to me like &quot;creating the sign or representation of something&quot;, although it seems that it can be also used as a synonym of &quot;significado&quot;. I googled &quot;significación&quot; up and I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/significacion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt;, which has an interesting description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un signo lingüístico es la unidad mínima de la oración que está formada por un significado y un significante. Ambos se encuentran unidos en forma inseparable a través de la significación. &lt;strong&gt;Puede decirse que el significado es un concepto&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que el significante es una imagen acústica: &lt;strong&gt;la significación es la entidad de dos caras interdependientes que crean este concepto con su imagen acústica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this means that when you hear or read &quot;dog&quot; (a word is the minimum linguistic sign in a sentence) you associate that written word or sound to an animal. &lt;em&gt;Significado&lt;/em&gt; would be what the word means. &lt;em&gt;Significación&lt;/em&gt; would be giving a representation as a word or sign to the &quot;dog entity&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T13:41:28.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12480" CreationDate="2015-04-16T14:18:38.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significado&lt;/strong&gt; is the &quot;meaning&quot;, &quot;sense&quot;, &quot;concept&quot; or &quot;notion&quot; that acquires a symbol or any object that can be interpreted. Is the mental concept that is &quot;transported&quot; in a word, a gesture, an action, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chile &lt;strong&gt;significación&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;importance&quot;, &quot;value&quot;, &quot;magnitude&quot;, probably influenced by the adjective &quot;significativo&quot;. I don't know if used in other countries with that sense. Ex:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El acercamiento de la oposición es un gesto de enorme &lt;strong&gt;significación&lt;/strong&gt; para el gobierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, in lingüistics, &quot;significación&quot; is the mental process of generation/understanding of signs by pairing a signifier with a meaning. Therefore the next sentence is correct, although its use is highly technical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;significación&lt;/strong&gt; es el proceso de generar signos asignando un &lt;strong&gt;significado&lt;/strong&gt; a un significante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T14:18:38.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12471" CreationDate="2015-04-16T14:32:51.757" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the question should be &quot;¿Cómo se dice? vs. ¿Cómo se llama?&quot;, because in &lt;code&gt;cómo te llamas&lt;/code&gt; you're using the second grammatical person and you're saying literally how are you called, but it can mean &lt;code&gt;what's your name&lt;/code&gt; so, both phrases in the third person would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cómo se dice -&amp;gt; How to say/How is it said/ How do you say...?&#xA;&#xA;Cómo se llama -&amp;gt; What is it called?/What's its name?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that, more importantantly than the literal translation, you should focus on what you want to express. In English we usually say &lt;code&gt;What's your name?&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;How are you called?&lt;/code&gt;, while in Spanish (at least in my country, Perú) we usually use the opposite literal translation &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo te llamas? (How are you called)&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;¿Cuál es tu nombre? (What's your name)&lt;/code&gt;. So, finally, the most common expressions are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo te llamas? -&amp;gt; When you're asking someone's name to that person.&#xA;¿Cómo se llama? -&amp;gt; When you're asking about someone or something's name to another person.&#xA;¿Cómo se dice? -&amp;gt; When you're asking how to say some expression or some word.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2019-07-23T13:41:19.590" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T13:41:19.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12492" CreationDate="2015-04-16T20:51:47.263" Score="4" ViewCount="445" Body="&lt;p&gt;With reading and writing aside, listening and speaking a language is what I am now focusing on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People are suggesting me to keep listening to soundtracks and maybe download some music. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think enriching my vocabulary should be prioritized, since you will not learn words by just listening. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I observed that even the grammar native speakers use in just everyday talking is still a lot more sophisticated that that we use in our class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T06:33:54.537" Title="How can I raise my Spanish listening skills from high school level to the level where you can understand everyday talks?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2015-04-20T18:46:50.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1279" CreationDate="2015-04-16T20:56:58.460" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuan&quot; may be an unusual word for American-Spanish talkers but in Spain is quite common, at least in the &quot;quantitative meaning&quot; in questions. Other uses are not very very frequent and, usually, &quot;cuan&quot; is substituted by other structures (not by other words).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuan has two meanings that depend on the context, one of them is almost lost in the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.- Cuan (in direct or indirect questions or in exclamations it should be written as &quot;cuán&quot;): Its meaning is &quot;how much&quot; or &quot;how many&quot; and it is a short form for &quot;cuanto&quot; (or &quot;cuánto&quot; in questions and exclamations). It is used when the word is just before an adjetive or and adverb (&quot;cuan largo es&quot;, &quot;cuan lejos vives&quot;) and never when you are making a comparison. It is very unusual to find it out of exclamations or interrogations but in old literature, and can be substituted by &quot;todo lo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&#xA;&quot;Corro cuan rápido puedo&quot;--&gt;&quot;Corro todo lo rápido que puedo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In exclamations, it is usually substituted by &quot;qué&quot; so you will not find it except in literature, especially in poetry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&#xA;¡Cuán bello es el amor!--&gt;¡Qué bello es el amor!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In questions, is more frequent, although is not the most frequently used form to ask the size of something.&#xA;In Spain, it is very common to use &quot;cómo de&quot;, and, in Latinoamérica, &quot;qué tan&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&#xA;¿Cuán largo es el vestido? --&gt; ¿Cómo de largo es el vestido?//¿Qué tan largo es el vestido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.- Its second meaning is equivalent to &quot;as&quot; and introduces the second part of a comparison (as...&lt;strong&gt;as&lt;/strong&gt;...). It is extremely rare, at least in Spain and in Mexico (I do not know other regions regionalisms), even in the literature. Almost always it is substituted by &quot;como&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&#xA;Tan alto cuan feo--&gt; Tan alto como feo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I have helped, although it has been quite a long time since you asked the question. I apologize for my English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuan: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XzArprp97D66gn05Kb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XzArprp97D66gn05Kb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuán: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qsi2cT7VVD6TqNJhJC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qsi2cT7VVD6TqNJhJC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8849" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T20:56:58.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12491" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T23:39:32.283" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something I learn in my highschool course: whenever a verb proceeds a person immediately, we have to separate them with a &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One day, I went ask my teacher which object pronoun do I replace &quot;a someone&quot; with. And she said direct object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today, something I read made me doubt about what she told me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la abeja le pica le va a salir una roncha. (If a bee stings you (Ud form), it will leave you a welt)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;actually I am not even sure if I translated it right.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T03:43:55.873" Title="Personal &quot;a&quot; expressed in object pronoun" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-04-17T02:17:01.260" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that studying (vocabulary, grammar, etc.) is always key. Sooner or later you will reach a level of proficiency enough to understand and be understood with a decent level of fluency. If you stop studying then your vocabulary will become &quot;stagnant&quot; since you'll stick to the words you know, use workarounds, etc. Basically, you'll &lt;em&gt;make do&lt;/em&gt; with what you got, and that might prevent you from moving further, to a higher levels of proficiency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that worked well for me was watching movies (using subtitles or not). I used to watch several times movies I loved. I paid attention not only to vocabulary, but to expressions, to how people pronounce words, etc. Sine I knew these movies well I could put more attention in &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; they where saying things (grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation) than in following or understanding the movie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to improve listening, I would favor movies over songs. Movies might reflect better how people really work. Songs can be tricky. Also, I would pick a &quot;flavor&quot; of Spanish and stick to it. Do you want your pronunciation to resemble that of the people from Spain, or Mexico, Argentina...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T02:17:01.260" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2015-04-17T08:35:46.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently there is this 46 characters word - not accepted by RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfadenobetaparahidroxifenilpropanoicotirosina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also thought that &quot;anticonstitucionalmente&quot; was the longest one accepted by RAE, but then I went across another one that does not use the &quot;-mente&quot; trick and also has 23 characters (already mentioned in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2080/1674&quot;&gt;Javi's answer&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Electroencefalografista (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/electroencefalografista&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link to RAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.solosequenosenada.com/2010/04/02/las-palabras-mas-largas-en-espanol/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuáles son las palabras más largas en español (y cuales son las falsas o inventadas)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T08:35:46.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2015-04-17T13:29:56.220" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another long long spanish word, well I don't know if it's a real word but,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parangaricutirimicuado (22 letters)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:29:56.220" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-04-17T13:44:45.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to listen to hispanic music, and still do, and I used to try and transcribe the lyrics by ear.  Since Spanish is written as it sounds, with a little practice, it's very easy.  I would look through my dictionary to find the words I heard, proofread them, translate them, and continue on until I could babble along with the song in unison.  I would mimic the dialects and overall the phonetics.  When I was younger I would listen to &quot;El Morro&quot;, the Weird Al Yankovich of hispanic music.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also, you HAVE to WANT to learn this!&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Motivation is the &lt;strong&gt;#1&lt;/strong&gt; factor in learning another language.  You can repeat Rosetta Stone sentences all day long, but without any satisfactory accomplishments or practical application you won't learn a thing.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://duolingo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Duolingo&lt;/a&gt; offers a much better alternative to Rosetta Stone in my humble opinion; it's also cheaper, free-er even!  It also allows you to communicate with native speakers of your targeted language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read a book, listen to music, read the tabloids/newspapers, postcards, whatever.  Take a resource and soak it up for all it's worth.  Wear the pages out, wear your dictionary out.  If you dictionary pages aren't struggling to stay inside and a part of the book, then you aren't practicing enough.  Obsess over every minuscule detail of your corpus resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:44:45.733" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12491" CreationDate="2015-04-17T13:52:04.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The personal &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is meant most of the time for emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentence lacks the emphasis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si una abeja le pica &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; le va a salir una roncha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:52:04.320" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2015-04-17T17:46:08.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just returned from the Dominican Republic this week - the small town of Guerra to be exact where they explained 'tigre' ('tiguere' is the animal there) and Tiguerona to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It definitely is used with a good connotation as well as a bad one.  Doesn't always have to be negative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A person who is wise and street smart and someone who will take advantage of the situation be that both GOOD or bad. A shark is probably a good English parallel (like a card shark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way the person is wise and smart... now whether the tigre or tiguerona uses his strengths for good or for bad is to be determined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I definitely watched them use tigre or tiguerona as a compliment as well!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8854" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T21:27:02.010" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T21:27:02.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12491" CreationDate="2015-04-18T03:43:55.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The confusion likely comes from three facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When used with redundant pronoun, indirect objects must necessarily be introduced with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; rejects redundant pronouns).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a direct object is a animate (that is, a person or otheranthropomorphized being), it must necessarily be precedeed with the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The direct object pronoun may be either &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (most common) or &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (animate male or usted, depending on region)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to say that a bee stung John, you'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una abeja picó a José.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes us think initially that &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; is a verb that takes indirect objects which would cause us to think we'd need &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.  There are two ways to prove that &lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt; is not an indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Una abeja picó &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; José.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *Una abeja picó &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; globo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither sentence works (and hence I've preceeded them with an asterisk, which means &quot;not grammatical&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, given that we know it's a direct object, you'd expect us be able to write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a José).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a María).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is in fact the most common way you would hear this in Spanish and probably what you're expecting after being told it's a direct object, but perhaps conflicting a bit with the fact that we've introduced José with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, which makes you think that &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; would be more acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But actually, in some regions, for people (like José), you can use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; as a masculine animate direct object and so the following would be acceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a José).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a María).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama José)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama María)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other regions in you can't do it for José as 3rd person, but you can do it for either José &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; María directly as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; (called the &lt;em&gt;leísmo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a José).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a María).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama José)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama María)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some regions even combine both types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a José).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a María).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama José)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una abeja &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; picó (a Vd. quien se llama María)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In no region can you use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; for anything that's not a person (or similar, like a pet), regardless of gender, number, or person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ultimately... in your example of &quot;si una abeja le pica…&quot;, depending on region, the &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; could ultimately be heard as ungrammatical, or as meaning &lt;em&gt;him/you sir&lt;/em&gt;, or as meaning &lt;em&gt;you sir/you ma'am&lt;/em&gt;, or as meaning &lt;em&gt;him/you sir/you ma'am&lt;/em&gt;.  Since you intend it to mean &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; works fine — so long as you're in a region that accepts the &lt;em&gt;leísmo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt;  (which is actually larger than the region that accepts the &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; for masculine animates, so most people will understand you fine in addition to it being accepted by the RAE as correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T03:43:55.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-04-18T06:33:05.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would argue that only &lt;em&gt;listening&lt;/em&gt; to songs is not enough. People might say to themselves that &quot;they're learning&quot; when they do such things, while actually your mind is more likely enjoying some entertainment than sharpening language skills with concentration. They can serve as an aide, but not the main means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One key practice that helped me massively was to find some podcast/video etc., and then read after them &lt;em&gt;every single day&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;paying attention to every single word, sentence and intonation&lt;/strong&gt;. If they have subtitles, you can just use the subtitles. If they don't, better, you'll &lt;strong&gt;write your own subtitle by &lt;em&gt;scrupulous dictation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, word by word. You can do it for just 30 minutes per day, but the key is persistence. The dictation process alone for a 20-minute video might very well take you a month, don't worry. It's worth every single minute. The key is not variety, but continuity. After you've practiced 5 to 10 videos/podcasts in the span of 3 to 6 months with concentration, you'll find you've almost unknowingly progressed massively in your Spanish skills, both listening and speaking!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I use this skill for every language I learn. It was definitely key to my SAT scores and English fluency as a non-native speaker. The same to my Spanish progress when I was doing an exchange in Chile :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T06:33:05.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12433" CreationDate="2015-04-18T23:50:50.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos desde un punto de vista ingenieril, un plano da información concreta y precisa sobre lo que representa. Un plano de una casa debe indicar las medidas, o si no las indica, al menos debe respetarlas. Si lo que tienes es un dibujo aproximado de cómo es la casa, entonces &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; es un plano. En este contexto, una muestra clara de por qué un mapa no es un plano son las carreteras: el trazado no es preciso, y desde luego la anchura que tienen en la imagen no se corresponde con la real. El mapa tiene una función diferente al plano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás no me he explicado del todo bien, pero creo que junto la respuesta de @Roflo se entederá lo que quiero decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8858" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T23:50:50.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12504" CreationDate="2015-04-19T00:21:58.893" Score="0" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikichicos/Ar%C3%A1cnidos/Escorpi%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El escorpión de Corteza de Arizona vive en los desiertos porque sus capas de grasa lo mantienen hidratado &lt;strong&gt;aunque&lt;/strong&gt; se esconde debajo de cobijos como rocas o hojarasca en pleno día.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the direct translation of &lt;code&gt;aunque&lt;/code&gt; here &quot;while&quot; or &quot;even while&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why was &lt;code&gt;aunque&lt;/code&gt; chosen instead of another preposition, such as &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;? It seems to clash with the &quot;The scorpion lives in deserts&quot; phrase. Is it common in Spanish to have sentences with this type of grammar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, what would be the best English translation for this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think it would be one where &quot;aunque&quot; is translated to &quot;even while&quot; but I don't find any listings of aunque meaning &quot;even while,&quot; though it can mean &quot;while.&quot; The only way for it to keep the meaning of &quot;aunque&quot; as &quot;although&quot; in English would be have &quot;although it hides under rocks&quot; separated by a comma or in parenthesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="501" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-22T15:03:33.223" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T15:03:33.223" Title="What would be the direct translation of &quot;aunque&quot; in this sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12332" CreationDate="2015-04-19T00:24:03.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mallado&lt;/em&gt; son las formas que yo he oído. &lt;em&gt;Reticulado&lt;/em&gt; está relacionada con &lt;em&gt;red&lt;/em&gt; (de hecho tienen el mismo lexema), aunque esta solo la he oído en referencia a la estructura atómica de los sólidos (cristales).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8858" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T00:24:03.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12502" CreationDate="2015-04-19T01:00:52.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Although&lt;/em&gt; is fine, that's the most direct and correct &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=although&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;translation&lt;/a&gt;; a comma would have been nice in the original sentence too, for it would have made the meaning clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T01:00:52.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-04-19T05:29:40.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is duolingo too easy for you? I find that app very helpful although I'm just a beginner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8859" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T05:29:40.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-04-19T06:33:54.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start with shows and songs for kids, then gradually move up from there. Just think about how most of us were raised. We didn't watch documentaries when we were young and then sesame street as adults. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8813" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T06:33:54.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12509" CreationDate="2015-04-19T12:41:08.243" Score="4" ViewCount="5888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he dado cuenta de un fenómeno curioso: tanto ser &quot;descarado&quot; como &quot;tener cara&quot;, &quot;tener cara dura&quot;, &quot;ser un caradura&quot; o &quot;tener mucha cara&quot; tiene mala connotación. ¿Acaso todo lo relacionado con la &quot;cara&quot; implica algo malo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos el diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/descarado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descarado&lt;/strong&gt;, da&lt;/a&gt;. (De descararse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que habla u obra con desvergüenza, sin pudor ni respeto humano. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/descararse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descararse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (De des- y cara).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Hablar u obrar con desvergüenza, descortés y atrevidamente o sin pudor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/caradura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caradura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Sinvergüenza, descarado. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cara&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. (Del lat. cara)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. desfachatez. &lt;em&gt;Fulano tiene mucha cara&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Se necesita cara para hacer eso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco y no encuentro una explicación para este fenómeno. ¿Existe o es sólo casualidad? Mi conocimiento se inscribe a la variedad de España. ¿Es así en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T17:41:08.600" Title="¿Por qué &quot;tener cara&quot; es malo? ¿Y por qué &quot;descarado&quot; significa lo mismo, siendo exactamente lo contrario?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12508" CreationDate="2015-04-20T00:58:48.247" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?descaro&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; la relación de &quot;cara&quot; y &quot;vergüenza&quot; es que cuando haces algo que es causa de vergüenza se te pone la cara roja. &lt;code&gt;Desfachatez&lt;/code&gt;, como indica la web, tiene un significado parecido, y está también formada por una palabra que alude a la cara o el aspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso las expresiones &lt;code&gt;ser un jeta&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;tener mucho morro&lt;/code&gt;, que también aluden a la cara, parecen &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-curioso-origen-etimologico-de-la-expresion-ser-un-jeta/&quot;&gt;tener origen&lt;/a&gt; basado en connotaciones despectivas asociadas a la cara de, en este caso, un animal por motivos culturales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la mayoría de esas expresiones vienen a significar &quot;si tuvieses decencia (vergüenza) se te pondría la cara roja con eso que has hecho&quot;. El que no parece arrepentido tiene entonces &quot;mucha cara&quot;, o &quot;no tiene cara&quot; o tiene &quot;la cara muy dura&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T01:11:55.530" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T01:11:55.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2015-04-20T17:31:45.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de los términos tecnológicos técnicos suelen mantenerese en su idioma original, en este caso en inglés ya que muchas veces son siglas, metáforas o expresiones que se deben a la idiosincrasia y cultura regional por lo que cuando es traducido no tiene mucho sentido y normalmente para casos como estos en los que el público es gente que conoce de esa terminología, lo mejor es mantener la palabra o el término en su idioma original. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T17:31:45.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12508" CreationDate="2015-04-20T17:32:45.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede decirse que todas estas expresiones se basan en que cierta persona puede hacer o decir tales cosas (mentiras, inmorales, insultivas, agraviantes, etc.) y no tener vergüenza, reparo, pudor o remordimiento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En forma figurada, una persona normal al decir una mentira, por ejemplo, se pondría colorado, tendría gestos incómodos o ticks nerviosos. Alguien con &lt;strong&gt;cara de piedra&lt;/strong&gt; puede hacerlo y no tener estos efectos. Piense en una piedra, que siempre se mantiene igual, inmutable. O &lt;strong&gt;tener mucha cara&lt;/strong&gt; siendo algo similar, a esa persona no le importa en lo más mínimo lo que otras persona piensen de él por lo que hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expresiones comunes de este tipo pueden ser &lt;strong&gt;&quot;¿Cómo le da la cara para hacer eso?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Después de lo que me hizo ahora viene a pedirme un favor el muy caradura&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Tiene la cara de piedra&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Descaradamente se me insinuó en frente de mi pareja&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T17:32:45.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12508" CreationDate="2015-04-20T17:41:08.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ser un &lt;code&gt;caradura&lt;/code&gt; significa no avergonzarte porque cuando uno está avergonzado, arrepentido, mintiendo, o hace algún mal a otra persona, lo normal es que no pueda mirar directamente a los ojos como cuando hablas normalmente, y si lo haces sin inmutarte, pues, tienes &lt;code&gt;la cara dura&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo origen para la palabra descarado, ¿Cómo puede ser que después de obrar de esa forma tan malévola aún te mire a los ojos, es un/una descarado/a? Porque, igual que en la otra expresión, cuando uno está avergonzado, arrepentido, mintiendo, o hace algún mal a otra persona, lo normal es que no pueda mirar directamente a los ojos y si has hecho algo malo y no te inmutas, debe ser porque no tienes cara, es decir, eres un &lt;code&gt;descarado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú también utilizamos las expresiones tiene &lt;code&gt;cara de palo&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;cara de jebe&lt;/code&gt; o si prefieres, es un &lt;code&gt;cara de palo&lt;/code&gt; o un &lt;code&gt;cara de jebe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T17:41:08.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2015-04-20T17:46:11.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo yo mismo un profesional informático, &lt;strong&gt;Bootstrap&lt;/strong&gt; no se traduce. Es el nombre propio de la herramienta y no necesita traducción, de la misma forma que &lt;em&gt;Chrome&lt;/em&gt; no se traduce a &lt;em&gt;Cromo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Firefox&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;Zorro de fuego&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Facebook&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;Caralibro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Windows&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;Ventanas&lt;/em&gt;, o el acrónimo &lt;em&gt;CSS&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;HEC&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Hoja de Estilo en Cascada&lt;/em&gt;), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usar cualquier tipo de traducción, por más acertada que sea, sólo puede generar confusión al querer comunicarse con un desarrollador de habla hispana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastEditorUserId="8866" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T17:57:22.227" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T17:57:22.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12515" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-20T23:57:51.643" Score="4" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading &quot;Vivir para contarla&quot; de Gabriel García Márquez, I have stumbled upon a strange expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he quedado &lt;em&gt;más solo que la mano izquierda&lt;/em&gt; en la ciudad desocupada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: what is the origin and actual sense of this expression? I could not find the exact phrase on the web, so it is unlikely to be an idiom. My guesses are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maybe there are other idioms from which this sentence have been derived?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if not, does the word &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; have any meaning of solitude or uniqueness?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;probably this is a reference to some work or expression well-known in Latin American culture?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8867" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T08:56:27.017" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T08:56:27.017" Title="What is the origin and actual sense of &quot;Más solo que la mano izquierda&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12515" CreationDate="2015-04-21T00:53:06.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite requesting confirmation in the comments, I think I have it figured out.  The RAE notes in its entry for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/izquierda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;izquierda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a reference to an expression &lt;em&gt;matrimonio de la mano izquierda&lt;/em&gt; in another entry which is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/matrimonio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matrimonio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;~ de la mano izquierda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. (Porque en la ceremonia nupcial el esposo daba a la esposa la mano izquierda). &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; El contraído entre un príncipe y una mujer de linaje inferior, o viceversa, en el cual cada cónyuge conservaba su condición anterior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what's known more commonly in English as a morganatic marriage (but also occasionally called a left-handed marriage as well).  Basically, a prince would marry, say, a commoner, and she would not rise to the state of being a princess and she would remain a commoner.   All of her children would likewise be commoners despite their noble lineage.  In other words, despite being accepted, she (and they) would still being completely left out of all things familial — rather alone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T00:53:06.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2015-04-21T09:21:19.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secuencia de arranque&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Secuencia de inicio&lt;/strong&gt;. No es &lt;em&gt;inventado&lt;/em&gt;, es lo que ponía en los libros de informática de cuando yo era joven, de lo cual hace lamentablemente bastante tiempo. Creo que es una traducción acertada, precisa y que aguanta bien el paso del tiempo, y no parece &lt;em&gt;raruna&lt;/em&gt; como suele pasar en otros casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T09:21:19.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12515" CreationDate="2015-04-21T12:22:03.210" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistavirtual.ucn.edu.co/index.php/RevistaUCN/article/view/112&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt; from the &lt;em&gt;Revista Virtual Universidad Católica del Norte&lt;/em&gt;, dedicated to the use of idioms in García Márquez's works, this is related to what the Bible says: that, on Judgment Day, God will put holy men by his right hand. Therefore, the left hand is the place for those who are abandoned by God for eternity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a usual idiom; it was made up by García Márquez, who was quite adept at doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T14:20:01.113" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:20:01.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12519" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-21T13:00:19.943" Score="4" ViewCount="1818" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The rice lacks salt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding I translated the above sentence into &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El arroz escaso de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it turned out to be incorrect as I was practicing the spanish grammar. The correct answer turned out to be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El arroz está escaso de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not get much sense either when I tried to translate this sentence to English as it would be something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The rice is lack of salt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would like to know what role does 'esta' plays in above sentence? And why the sentence would be incorrect without the use of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T13:59:11.893" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T03:09:20.730" Title="The use of &quot;está&quot; in the given sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-04-21T13:06:52.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo entreno natación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8870" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T13:06:52.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12519" CreationDate="2015-04-21T13:26:53.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you translate the original sentence as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El arroz escaso de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it lacks the verb. The verb is what tells you the action, and is one of the key components of a sentence. Imagine that I said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El niño hacia el columpio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without a verb you wouldn't know if I mean &quot;mira&quot; or &quot;corre&quot; or &quot;camina&quot;, etc. I think your confusion comes with the use of &quot;is&quot; and &quot;lack&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To improve the translation, it could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The rice lacks salt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The rice is needing some salt. / needs salt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The rice is bland.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &quot;is lack of salt&quot; makes no sense in English, but &quot;escaso&quot; is no verb, that is why you need a verb in &quot;El arroz escaso de sal&quot;. The tricky thing is that you &quot;forced&quot; an &quot;is&quot; in your translation into English, making a redundant &quot;is lack of&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T14:55:31.970" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:55:31.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12519" CreationDate="2015-04-21T14:06:02.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El arroz esta escaso de sal.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is wrong, &lt;code&gt;esta&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;this&lt;/code&gt; in female, the word for the verb to be is &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt;, also I think that a more accurate translate would be : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El arroz carece de sal.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my country (Perú) we usually say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Le falta sal al arroz.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El arroz está soso. (The rice is insipid.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the English word &lt;code&gt;insipid&lt;/code&gt; does not fit quite well, but &lt;code&gt;soso&lt;/code&gt; literally &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/soso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;means&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;&lt;code&gt;that hasn't salt or has a little salt.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;soso, sa.&#xA;&#xA;(Del lat. insulsus).&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;1. adj. Que no tiene sal, o tiene poca.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:06:02.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12515" CreationDate="2015-04-21T14:22:09.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, this is just a joke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given all the connotations that drags the poor left hand (it is clumsy and lazy), and considering cultural weight of the left side (bad luck, condemnation), it is easy to think that nobody loves it and not have friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my country Chile the phrase &amp;quot;Estár más solo que...&amp;quot; is widely used, with different endings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está más solo que Pinochet en el día del amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está más solo que el uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most used is absurd, but everyone understands:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está más solo que un dedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:22:09.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12519" CreationDate="2015-04-21T14:38:44.633" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem here is that &lt;code&gt;lacks&lt;/code&gt; is not an adjective, but a verb. And this verb does not translate directly into another verb in Spanish; you have to use a different construction. This is similar to the verb &lt;code&gt;to like&lt;/code&gt;, which does not translate directly into just a single verb in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the sea --&amp;gt; Me gusta el mar (not &lt;em&gt;Yo gusto el mar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, the verb &lt;code&gt;to lack&lt;/code&gt; can translate into &lt;code&gt;carecer&lt;/code&gt;. But this verb is not transitive in Spanish; it needs a complement introduced by the preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rice lacks salt --&amp;gt; El arroz carece de sal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, &lt;code&gt;carecer&lt;/code&gt; suggests &lt;code&gt;to lack completely&lt;/code&gt;; so, if you mean that the rice has some salt, but needs more (and I think this is the meaning here), you can use a few other expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al arroz le falta sal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El arroz está escaso de sal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El arroz tiene poca sal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, you cannot do a word-for-word translation. English and Spanish are different languages and use different constructions sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:38:44.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12526" CreationDate="2015-04-21T22:23:23.193" Score="4" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have encountered one problem in my Rosetta Stone program, which is expressed in the following image:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uNnhK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two images on the left use indicative present, while the two on the right both use subjunctive present to order something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do these two sets of examples use different mood, even though both want to express the same thing (I think)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if I want to order something, should I use indicative or subjunctive present? What makes one distinct from the the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:45:46.917" Title="When to use indicative present and when to use subjunctive present when you order to someone?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12525" CreationDate="2015-04-21T22:36:49.090" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, not indicative nor subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you give an order or a request, the verb is conjugated in the &lt;strong&gt;imperative&lt;/strong&gt;. The problem is that in the second person singular, the imperative has two forms depending on formality of the context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example in Latin American way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt;, por favor!: you're talking to someone familiarly, without differences of rank or age. For example with your wife, your friends or colleagues in a relaxed atmosphere. [&lt;strong&gt;Tú&lt;/strong&gt; debes parar]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Pare&lt;/strong&gt;, por favor!: you're talking to someone with greater distance, usually with different rank, age or unknown people. For example with your boss, your father in law, a salesman or colleagues in structured situations. [&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt; debe parar]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The limit of formality varies greatly from country to country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A clarification: the image apparently mean that the expression &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;please&lt;/em&gt;) is used only with the formal standard. This is wrong. It is a way of kindness, you can use either with &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T11:53:35.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-22T11:23:18.583" Score="4" ViewCount="892" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always wondered the existence, alone in Puerto Rico of all Spanish language countries, of the VELAR &quot;rr&quot; sound, similar to a common pronunciation seen in French (as in the word &quot;Paris&quot;). Sometimes it sounds like a deep guttural and sometimes it sounds as a throat-clearing. But it does not reproduce itself in any other country...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T20:17:02.307" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T20:17:02.307" Title="Origin of the velar &quot;rr&quot; sound in Puerto Rico" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12529" CreationDate="2015-04-22T16:59:42.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=2JonBgbu528C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;hl=es#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Español en Puerto Rico&lt;/a&gt; de Tomás Navarro Tomás (1948), existen varias hipótesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Influencia del francés a través de Haití. Pero es poco probable porque en República Dominicana, que tiene mayor contacto con Haití, no se da este fenómeno.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Influencia de lenguas africanas, considerando que en Río de Janeiro se da una rr similar y que hay abundancia de población negra tanto en Puerto Rico como en Brasil. Pero es poco probable porque la rr velar no se manifiesta especialmente ni de manera más clara en el elemento negro de la población.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acomodación del sonido castellano al medio indígena, bajo alguna influencia especial de la fonética boricua. Ésta hipótesis es la que le parece más plausible al autor, dado que la rr velar parece estar más arraigada en antiguos reductos de tradición local, especialmente jíbara.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T16:59:42.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1235" CreationDate="2015-04-22T23:47:23.600" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it is not correct.  At least not grammatically correct.  While it may be accepted in casual conversation, gustar is conjugated with either a singular or a plural ending.  The person is not doing the action, rather represents a single noun that has an effect on a person.  ie.  Juan a mí me gusta.  or  Tû a mí me gusta.   In this case, the subject pronoun 'you' is not doing the action, therefore the second person tense is not employed.  Rather, another item, a singular noun, which happens to be a person, is having an effect on a person.  It's comparable to saying that person makes me .... If you require more explanation, look in 501 verbs.  It's a great resource.  Thanks.&#xA;Buena suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8884" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T23:47:23.600" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1235" CreationDate="2015-04-23T02:10:57.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers have focused on using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; in the structure that it's normally taught in Spanish classes where *gustar takes an indirect object pronoun.  While the most &lt;em&gt;common&lt;/em&gt; use is absolutely either &lt;em&gt;gusta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;gustan&lt;/em&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://me%20gusta+te%20gusta+le%20gusta+les%20gusta+nos%20gusta+os%20gusta,me%20gustan+te%20gustan+le%20gustan+les%20gustan+nos%20gustan+os%20gustan,me%20gustas+le%20gustas+les%20gustas+nos%20gustas,me%20gust%C3%A1is,te%20gusto+le%20gusto+les%20gusto,le%20gustamos+les%20gustamos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Google N-Gram&lt;/a&gt;, I omitted valid forms that weren't found so I could fit it all in a single search), the other forms, as you can see, are certainly used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also another way to use &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; that mirrors the English construction a bit more closely (and is identical to modern Portuguese), although it will come off very formal in modern Spanish.  See the comparison:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I like pizza a lot.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Me gusta mucho la pizza. &lt;sub&gt;(standard)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Gusto&lt;/strong&gt; mucho &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; pizza. &lt;sub&gt;(alternate)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We like to read.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Nos gusta leer.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Gustamos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; leer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're into me.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Te gusto.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Gustas&lt;/strong&gt; de mí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use this structure, you use &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; with the same subject you would in the English statement, and follow it with the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.  The thing that is liked is the object of that preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; can be used to mean &lt;em&gt;like/wish/want/prefer&lt;/em&gt; and in this case it is actually a transitive verb, as in &lt;em&gt;¿Gusta Vd. un vino tinto?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(would you like a red wine?)&lt;/sub&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Haz como gustes&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(do as you will/wish)&lt;/sub&gt;.  This usage is very rare outside of, well, basically the two phrases (with minimal variation for subject/object) I gave ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T02:10:57.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12515" CreationDate="2015-04-23T05:51:50.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, anything positioned by left hand can be referenced by the word &lt;em&gt;siniestra&lt;/em&gt;, which also is an adjective to an evil event or person, very similar to English definition of &lt;em&gt;sinister&lt;/em&gt;. This From &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=siniestra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siniestro, tra. (Del lat. sinister, -tri).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una parte o de un sitio: Que está a la mano izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Avieso y malintencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Infeliz, funesto o aciago. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be possible that García Márquez was  making an indirect reference, a word game with the &lt;em&gt;siniestra&lt;/em&gt; word in the aforementioned phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The relation with izquierda-siniestra has fallen into disuse, being considered a cult word, used in supra-formal. It can see in idiom &lt;em&gt;A diestra y siniestra&lt;/em&gt;, referent to &lt;em&gt;Con la derecha y la izquierda&lt;/em&gt;, synonym of &lt;em&gt;Sin ton ni son&lt;/em&gt;; or &lt;em&gt;A la siniestra del padre&lt;/em&gt;, in a religious context, refers to the position occupied by the Holy Spirit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.los-poetas.com/e/cid.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantar del Mio Cid&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(2)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al salir de Vivar, tuvieron la corneja diestra,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y entrando en Burgos, tuviéronla siniestra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish medieval:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la exida de Bivar ovieron la corneja diestra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y entrando a Burgos ovieron la siniestra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this passage you can see relationship between a favorable prediction (birds flying to the right) while the birds flying on the left were considered a bad omen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't know any idiom directly derived from this phrase of García Márquez. But the phrase itself derive from a well-know idiom: &lt;strong&gt;Más solo que...&lt;/strong&gt;, a phrase terminating in an exaggeration, like &lt;em&gt;Más solo que loco malo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, the word &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; don't have, accord to RAE, any meaning with solitude or uniqueness.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see a union between the loneliness of sinister sites and left hand, using a synonym. I don't know the dialects in all the countries of Latin America, but in some (Chile, Argentina) I can ensure the uso de &lt;em&gt;Más solo que...&lt;/em&gt; idiom.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PD: By the way, consider that the left hand and the right hand are alone, separated by a body.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8889" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T20:54:35.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12537" CreationDate="2015-04-23T20:13:44.933" Score="3" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some examples of tabloid and broadsheet newspapers in Spain? And also does 'la prensa del corazón' refer to tabloid journalism or other forms of journalism? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:40:38.670" Title="How do you say tabloid and broadsheet journalism in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12536" CreationDate="2015-04-23T20:41:05.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La prensa del corazón&quot; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodismo_del_coraz%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;prensa rosa&quot;&lt;/a&gt; are those magazines that inform about the lives of famous or notorious people (gossip magazine and the likes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tabloid&quot; can be translated simply as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabloide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Tabloide&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which refers to sensationalist press. This has a boarder meaning than prensa rosa, because you can be sensationalist when talking about politics (which you wouldn't find in &lt;em&gt;prensa del corazón&lt;/em&gt;) but by definition &lt;em&gt;prensa rosa&lt;/em&gt; is sensationalist. Some &lt;em&gt;prensa rosa&lt;/em&gt; magazines are so popular that could not be fitted under the pejorative connotations of a tabloid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The regular &lt;em&gt;broadsheet newspapers&lt;/em&gt; are referenced in Spanish as &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%C3%B3dico_de_gran_formato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Periódico de gran formato&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we would refer to &lt;em&gt;periodismo de prensa rosa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;periodismo sensacionalista&lt;/em&gt; (o de prensa amarilla) and simply &lt;em&gt;periodismo&lt;/em&gt; for the &quot;traditional&quot; one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T20:41:05.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12536" CreationDate="2015-04-24T01:40:38.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I definitely have seen more frequently the term &lt;em&gt;prensa amarilla&lt;/em&gt;, literally &quot;yellow press&quot;, sometimes also adjectived &lt;em&gt;amarillista&lt;/em&gt; or &quot;yellowist&quot;. In a few cases I have also heard &lt;em&gt;prensa barata&lt;/em&gt; or &quot;cheap press&quot;, or the use of pejorative/obscene terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:40:38.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12525" CreationDate="2015-04-24T01:45:46.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The previous answer is correct, but it should also be noted that the expressed or implied USTED on the right-hand expressions &quot;¡MIRE!&quot; or &quot;¡PARE!&quot; and other similar ones, is conjugated in the THIRD person, not the second. The second plural/formal &quot;vosotros&quot; is quite used in Spain but nearly nonexistent in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:45:46.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="137" CreationDate="2015-04-24T02:21:57.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most usual theory about the origin of question marks, according to several sources, may have derived from an abbreviation of the latin &lt;em&gt;quaestio&lt;/em&gt;, shortened to &quot;Qo&quot; and then the curve of the Q adapted to a single character (much as the French/Latin &quot;et&quot; became &lt;em&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/em&gt;). However, the initial question mark is most likely an invention of the Real Academia Española for the reasons previously cited in other answers. The &quot;flipping&quot; of the initial sign was most likely done to distinguish its initial character. The origin of the exclamation point, according to an online article in the Smithsonian magazine website, is also Latin, a superimposed writing of the expression of joy &quot;io&quot; and again, the adaptation to Spanish was by a fiat of the RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T02:21:57.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-24T11:25:40.137" Score="2" ViewCount="4047" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy hace mucho calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that the translation for it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today is very hot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think that sentence is very complex and difficult to language learners like me. So can we simply write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy está mucho calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T12:52:42.497" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T00:21:49.127" Title="Translation of &quot;Hoy hace mucho calor&quot; in another way" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-24T11:55:40.443" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When learning a new language, you need to resist the urge to translate your language's idioms directly into the new language. Sometimes it's possible, but often it simply does not work. &lt;em&gt;Hace calor&lt;/em&gt; is how Spanish speakers describe the weather when it is hot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T11:55:40.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-24T12:16:05.797" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must use &lt;code&gt;hace calor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't micromanage a target language like that,.. &quot;..that's just too confusing, I'll say it this way&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Está&lt;/code&gt; would not improve your sentence nor would it be considered to mean the same thing.  In fact, it is &lt;strong&gt;grammatically incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy está mucho calor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Calor&lt;/code&gt; is a noun, which means heat.  So you would effectively be saying... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today is very heat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T12:16:05.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-24T12:26:57.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your direct translation is not completely accurate. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Today is very hot&lt;/em&gt;&quot; literally means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy está muy caluroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since a direct translation of &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hoy hace mucho calor&lt;/em&gt;&quot; should be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Today there is very much heat&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (obviously wrong), your attitude as a translator should be such that indicates by Kent Anderson in his answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T12:26:57.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-24T20:10:57.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hoy está mucho calor&amp;quot; is completely wrong. Alternatively you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está haciendo mucho calor. (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está siendo un día muy caluroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En estas dos frases, el gerundio hace innecesario especificar que se  refieren a «hoy», y por tanto se suele omitir.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy es un día muy caluroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is my preferred expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ozú, que caló!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is Andalusian dialect, but any Spanish-speaking knows what it mean&lt;code&gt;;)&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*)  &lt;em&gt;Note that  &amp;quot;mucha calor&amp;quot; is also correct. (you can use &amp;quot;la calor&amp;quot;  o &amp;quot;el calor&amp;quot;).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T20:10:57.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3398" CreationDate="2015-04-24T23:43:20.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right translation is EN LO ABSOLUTO.  That is, to give emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8901" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T23:43:20.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12565" CreationDate="2015-04-25T02:11:57.087" Score="13" ViewCount="62481" Body="&lt;p&gt;When do I use imperfect versus preterite for &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;? I heard there are special rules here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;estuve&lt;/strong&gt; en Nueva York yo vi la Estatua de la Libertad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;estaba&lt;/strong&gt; en Nueva York yo tomaba el metro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just doing what feels right but I could just as easily be making grammar up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T10:47:13.580" LastActivityDate="2021-05-14T11:02:37.990" Title="estuve vs estaba: When do I use imperfect versus preterite for &quot;estar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12557" CreationDate="2015-04-25T03:34:10.023" Score="4" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón for mis errors. Esto a principiante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leí el sitio web &quot;elpair.com,&quot; cuándo vi este titular &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/internacional/2015/04/24/actualidad/1429908816_833424.html?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=link&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;El exilio armenio clama contra Obama al recordar el genocidio&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que él significa &quot;The Armenian exile calls for Obama to remember the genocide&quot;, a cause de las traducción automático.  Sin embargo, no comprendo por qué la frase español no es &quot;El exilio armenio clama Obama recordar el genocidio&quot;. ¿Qué hacer la &quot;contra&quot; y &quot;al&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una respuesta que es en inglés esta posible, la prefiero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If a difference in meaning exists between the Spanish and English versions, then the English version is what I meant. I have most of my practise with reading news articles, so I am bad at writing Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was reading the website &quot;elpais.com&quot;, when I saw this headline: &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/internacional/2015/04/24/actualidad/1429908816_833424.html?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=link&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;El exilio armenio clama contra Obama al recordar el genocidio&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From looking at the automatic translations of it, I think it means &quot;The Armenian exile calls for Obama to remember the genocide&quot;. However, I don't understand why the Spanish sentence isn't &quot;El exilio armenio clama Obama recordar el genocidio&quot;. What does the &quot;contra&quot; and &quot;al&quot; do? I understand that &quot;al&quot; means &quot;a el&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the answer is long and it is possible answer in English, I prefer an English answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5636" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T18:18:54.057" Title="El uso de &quot;contra&quot; y &quot;al&quot; con &quot;clamar&quot;/The use of &quot;contra&quot; and &quot;al&quot; with &quot;clamar&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12548" CreationDate="2015-04-25T04:17:33.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preterite tense indicates a more precise point in time that is now clearly in the past. Past imperfect tense is used to &quot;set the stage,&quot; or establish a setting, or to describe something that happened over a longer period of time in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know that there are special rules just for &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; regarding when/how to use preterite vs. imperfect tense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T04:17:33.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-25T07:14:10.593" Score="7" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today when I was reading an article written in Spanish, I encountered the following sentense (source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espn.com.ar/news/story/_/id/2355703/cerca-un-cambio-por-josh-hamilton&quot;&gt;ESPN.com in Argentina&lt;/a&gt;, titled &lt;em&gt;Cerca un cambio por Josh Hamilton&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Angelinos le debe a Hamilton $83 millones por las tres temporadas finales de su contrato de cinco años y $125 millones que firmara luego de haber jugado para Texas de 2008 al 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this sentence translates into English something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Angels are obliged to pay $83M to Hamilton for the last three years of their 5 years, $125M contract, which was signed after him playing for the Rangers during 2008 to 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, why is &lt;em&gt;firmar&lt;/em&gt; formed to the past subjunctive here? I learned that the subjunctive mood should be used when the main clause does not express facts or include uncertainty or subjectivity. But the main clause here, &lt;em&gt;su contract de cinco años y $125 millones&lt;/em&gt;, is the fact, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know why &lt;em&gt;firmar&lt;/em&gt; is used with the past particle; the contract &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt; already concluded. Just want to know why it has to be in the subjunctive mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastEditorUserId="5747" LastEditDate="2015-04-25T08:02:25.527" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T13:40:41.580" Title="Why use subjunctive form of a verb in this context?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12551" CreationDate="2015-04-25T09:25:40.157" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a &lt;em&gt;stylistic form&lt;/em&gt; which replaces the pluperfect or perfect tenses. It appears mainly in adjectival clauses. It isn't common in normal conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una forma &lt;em&gt;estilística&lt;/em&gt; que reemplaza al pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo o al pretérito perfecto simple. Se usa mucho en Argentina; creo que poco en otros lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La excelente &lt;strong&gt;hispanoteca.eu&lt;/strong&gt; da una explicación muy completa: &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20de%20subjuntivo%20-%20formas%20-ra%20y%20-se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20de%20subjuntivo%20-%20formas%20-ra%20y%20-se.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma en –ra puede tener &lt;strong&gt;valor estilístico&lt;/strong&gt; en sustitución del pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo o del pretérito perfecto simple. Este empleo predomina en los textos literarios primitivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«A medida que va adquiriendo significación subjuntiva, esta forma es sustituida por “había” más participio, el cual, como tiempo compuesto, hacía más visible el carácter perfectivo de la acción. En el siglo XIV el número de casos del subjuntivo se equilibra con los del indicativo. Desde el siglo XV se convirtió en mera variante del pretérito perfecto simple o del imperfecto de indicativo, si bien predomina en general el empleo subjuntivo, hasta que llega a ser prácticamente esporádico su uso como tiempo del indicativo en el siglo XVII. Los escritores de fines del siglo XVIII y los románticos, por imitación de los textos antiguos y especialmente del Romancero, restauran el uso primitivo en muchos casos, sin que por ello se debilite el empleo subjuntivo fuertemente consolidado. Esta restauración literaria, ajena a la lengua hablada, persiste hasta nuestros días, especialmente en escritores gallegos, cuya lengua regional conserva vivo, como el portugués, el sentido latino de AMAVERAM.» [Urrutia, o. cit., 268]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este era el valor etimológico de esta forma se emplea hoy en día cada vez menos en la literatura creativa, pero se sigue empleando en redacciones de periódicos y emisoras de radio y televisión, donde se la considera más elegante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aparece normalmente en oraciones temporales y adjetivas sustituyendo al pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo y al pretérito perfecto simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:  &lt;em&gt;imperfecto de subjuntivo en –ra &gt; pluscuamperfecto de indicativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entró el la ciudad por el mismo lugar que lo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hiciera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el día anterior el legado del Papa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ha transcurrido un mes desde que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;visitara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Rusia el rey Juan Carlos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2015-04-27T13:50:02.733" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T13:50:02.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12549" CreationDate="2015-04-25T09:32:17.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A dictionary should help :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=clamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;WordReference&lt;/em&gt; shows&lt;/a&gt; (click on the &lt;em&gt;Collins&lt;/em&gt; tab), &lt;code&gt;clamar contra&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to protest against, cry out against&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;al&quot; + infinitive means &quot;when&quot;. &lt;code&gt;Al recordar&lt;/code&gt; is somewhat translatable as &lt;code&gt;when remembering&lt;/code&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2182/when-is-al-not-interchangeable-with-a-el/2184#2184&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T18:18:54.057" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12554" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12558" CreationDate="2015-04-25T13:39:16.353" Score="3" ViewCount="828" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best and most frequently used way to say 'value for money' in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T04:55:17.147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T04:55:17.147" Title="What is the best way to say 'value for money'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12556" CreationDate="2015-04-25T13:54:37.823" Score="2" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we use the 'you' form when explaining things and giving examples e.g. 'There are lots of things to see in London for example, YOU could visit the houses of parliament...etc' &#xA;In Spanish is the 'tú' form used in the same way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T21:07:23.943" Title="Use of 'tú' when giving examples" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12555" CreationDate="2015-04-25T14:43:42.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can perfectly say &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; in that case, but it would sound really weird. Instead we would use the impersonal pronoun &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, as it sounds a lot more natural. In your example, it would be, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hay muchas cosas que ver en Londres. Por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; puede (podría)&#xA;  visitar El Parlamento... etc&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule, we use &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; almost exclusively to (informally) address the person we are talking to, not as an impersonal pronoun. For the latter case we would use &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; instead. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'Como &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; puede ver en esta foto...' (As you can see on this&#xA;  picture...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this cleared up your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8903" LastEditorUserId="11275" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T18:20:31.683" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T18:20:31.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12549" CreationDate="2015-04-25T15:05:39.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=eZLI56YfUDXX2phjcSIC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Clamar&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; can either be transitive or intransitive, having slightly different meanings, and with each you would use different prepositions. Among these meanings would be: demand, clamor for, complain, call out and cry out (for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence you took as an example could thus have different meanings depending on how we use the prepositions (like &lt;code&gt;contra&lt;/code&gt;) or an article (like &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clama &lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt; Obama &lt;em&gt;al recordar el genocidio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the meaning conveys &amp;quot;cry out &lt;strong&gt;against Obama&lt;/strong&gt; when remembering the genocide&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use the article &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; instead of the preposition &lt;code&gt;contra&lt;/code&gt;, be aware that since the function of the particle changes we have to change the sententce a little bit. You would not say &amp;quot;El Obama &lt;sub&gt; The Obama &lt;/sub&gt;&amp;quot; (well, Ok, you actually can in certain situations). You would be saying something like &amp;quot;El presidente de Estados Unidos&amp;quot; and the sentence could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pueblo armenio clama &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; presidente de Estados Unidos &lt;em&gt;al recordar el genocidio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here the meaning would be more or less the same, they cry out for something to or against this person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pueblo armenio clama Obama al recodar el genocidio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning would change to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pueblo armenio clama &amp;quot;Obama&amp;quot; al recodar el genocidio &lt;sub&gt; The Armenians cry out /hail &amp;quot;Obama&amp;quot; when remembering the genocide &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can &amp;quot;clamar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;clamar &lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, meaning &lt;em&gt;call out&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cry out&lt;/em&gt;. If you just &amp;quot;clamar &lt;strong&gt;something&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; then you are yelling, demanding or calling for that something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, this two sentences change in meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Armenian exile calls for Obama &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; remember the genocide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Armenian exile calls for Obama &lt;strong&gt;when remembering&lt;/strong&gt; the genocide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; recodar el genocidio&amp;quot; is closer to &amp;quot;when remembering the genocide&amp;quot;. If I wanted to convey &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; remember the genocide&amp;quot; I would have favored&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El exilio armenio clama &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Obama (para) que recuerde el genocidio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conveying, &amp;quot;they were calling out this guy for him to remember the genocide&amp;quot;. I used &amp;quot;clamar a&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;clamar contra&amp;quot; because it wouldn't have the connotation of being upset with Obama (just trying to call his attention to remember something, not calling against him demanding justice for something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T15:05:39.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12554" CreationDate="2015-04-25T15:35:19.747" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you would say that something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene una buena (o mala) &lt;strong&gt;relación calidad-precio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T15:35:19.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12560" CreationDate="2015-04-25T17:10:54.380" Score="3" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an excerpt from some text I was reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por un error garrafal la llamamos piña. Su verdadero nombre lo olvidamos hace más de cinco siglos en la salvaje confusión que fue las conquista de América. Se llamaba &lt;em&gt;ananás&lt;/em&gt;, que en el lenguaje guarani y en su sitio de origen significa &quot;fruta exquisita&quot;. Para los pueblos precolombinos esta fragante fruta era parte de la vida diaria y del paisaje; la cultivaban cuidadosamente en hileras en sus jardines y heredades, conocían sus poderes medicinales, preparaban vino y chica con ella y acompañaban a los muertos en sus largos viajes a la eternidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My interest is in the last sentence after the semicolon. The subject of the verbs is the Pre-Columbian people: they cultivated pineapple, knew its powers and prepared drinks with it. So what about the final verb &lt;em&gt;acompañaban&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I gather that the people put pineapple into the tombs of the dead for the afterlife. Has the subject changed and is no longer in parallel with the rest of the construction? Pineapple is singular in the &quot;la&quot; and &quot;ella&quot; references yet the verb ending indicates a plural subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So do I read this as something like this?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The people supply the dead [with pineapple].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so the reference back to pineapple is now implicit and I do not see any senses of the verb &lt;em&gt;acompañar&lt;/em&gt; in my dictionary that fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4132" LastEditorUserId="4132" LastEditDate="2015-04-25T18:36:16.053" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T19:21:26.943" Title="Verbs in parallel construction or misunderstood verb meaning?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12559" CreationDate="2015-04-25T19:21:26.943" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me this is a pretty clear mistake (or at least a stylistic snafu).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's possible to say that maybe they mentally switched to thinking of &quot;las piñas/ananases&quot;, but it would be best as singular, &lt;em&gt;acompañaba&lt;/em&gt;, but even that stylistically that's not that great as it's a parallel structure that changes from los pueblos to la(s) fruta(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the other verbs were all in plural, it's easy to see how such a typo could come up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T19:21:26.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12548" CreationDate="2015-04-25T20:10:41.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the preterit tense to terminate the event; this event being... being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might ask yourself, &amp;quot;How can I terminate my being?&amp;quot;, but asking questions like that might send you to the insane asylum after awhile.  In English we don't think about how to terminate our being, because we have an equally, if not more, confusing verb to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To get&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A verb with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/get&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;8 different meanings&lt;/a&gt; that get even more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When did you get here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got here yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use it in the context of your example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I got to New York I took the subway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hopefully by reading these examples you can understand when to use &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in the preterit form.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve mojado cuando llovía ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got wet when it rained yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more proper translation, yet not common in use whatsoever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was moistened when it rained yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that sentence is an absolute translation, because &lt;code&gt;was&lt;/code&gt; is the past tense of &lt;code&gt;to be&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T20:16:22.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-25T20:14:35.000" Score="3" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had this Spanish translation question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you don't finish your homework you won't have dessert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was the answer provided: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no terminas tu tarea no tendrás postre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I interpret the original sentence to be conditional. Is that not correct? If not, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7197" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-26T02:11:10.343" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T02:24:32.877" Title="Conditional or Future for Tener" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12562" CreationDate="2015-04-26T02:24:32.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original English sentence is conditional, and the Spanish sentence provided as an answer is a conditional too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish sentence clearly conveys that something will only happen &lt;strong&gt;if&lt;/strong&gt; something else happens first. The same way that is almost that you have a conditional in English when you encounter the conjunction &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;, in Spanish you have a conditional when you encounter &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different types of conditionals in Spanish (like in English). One of these types depends on the probability of the condition to be met (sure to happen or unlikely to happen). If it is a &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; (likely to happen) condition you use indicative in the &quot;if/si&quot; sentence and future in the subordinate sentence which express what will happen &quot;if/si&quot; the conditions of the first sentence are met.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the section &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/condic.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;III Real vs. unreal conditions&lt;/a&gt; of the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A real condition is one which may actually come about or at least is viewed as a possibility; thus, in Spanish, the indicative is normally used both in the “if”clause and in the main part of the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si ella viene mañana, iremos al cine.       &lt;sub&gt; If she comes tomorrow [she may actually come], we will go to the movies. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si nieva mucho, podré esquiar.   &lt;sub&gt;If it snows a lot [it may really snow], I can ski.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T02:24:32.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12548" CreationDate="2015-04-26T06:03:03.327" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an informal comment, a set of examples to visualize the way that a native Spanish speaker thinks about the verb &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;. The rules may appear in common bibliography.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar is so different for us from Ser. Ser is the character of the things. Estar is the state of the things. In English, these two concepts are blended in the to/be verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve is used when you were in a place that references a single point in time or you are declaring a punctual action of being in a place in the past. Estaba is used when you want to talk about a context that is continuous in time, a determinant of the situation that you are talking about, determining 'where you were&quot;, or what you were doing. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estaba solo ayer en el examen&lt;/em&gt;: I was alone yesterday during the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estuve sólo en el examen&lt;/em&gt;: I was the only one in the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estuve con tu amiga&lt;/em&gt;: I was with the girl that is your friend. In some informal context this may mean that he kissed or had relations with your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estuve en casa todo el día&lt;/em&gt;: I was at home all the day.&#xA;In this sentence the speaker is stating the fact of being at home, regardless of the time interval, emphasizing the fact and not the circumstance (&lt;em&gt;la circunstancia&lt;/em&gt;). If you said &lt;em&gt;Yo estaba en casa,&lt;/em&gt; that would be translated as, &quot;I was staying at home.&quot;&#xA;The emphasis is now on the circumstance, and this sentence may be used as an excuse in an interrogation to justify that you were not in a place outside home during a specific interval of time. &#xA;But &quot;Yo estuve en casa&quot; may be used for the same purpose, but excusing yourself for a specific time and not an interval. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose that you were crying all day and go to a friend, you say hi and then say: I was crying all day. It is a correct way to start a Conversation, but in Spanish...You can say: Estuve llorando todo el día. And end your sentence - that works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you say: &lt;em&gt;Estaba llorando todo el día&lt;/em&gt;, it would be improper speech. This is because when you use the second way the listener will be waiting for you to complete the sentence because you are making more emphasis to the circumstance of having been in tears, than the fact of crying. Then you must close the idea and say why you mentioned that you were crying all day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8905" LastEditorUserId="11053" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T07:46:56.220" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T07:46:56.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12548" CreationDate="2015-04-26T20:59:34.910" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; for actions that used to happen, and &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt; for actions that happened in special conditions.&#xA;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estaba en Nueva York tomaba el metro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was [living] in New York, I took the subway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a present tense, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo cojo/tomo el metro [cada día, dos veces a la semana...]&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I take the subway [every day, twice a week...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;cojo&lt;/em&gt; in Spain, but be careful with its use in Hispanic America, since &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8754/1674&quot;&gt;in many countries &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; has sexual connotations&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estuve en Nueva York, vi la Estatua de la Libertad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I went/got to New York, I saw the Statue of Liberty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example, this time with rain. In a place where rains a lot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me aburría cuando llovía.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I got bored when it rained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the south of Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me aburrí cuando llovió el jueves.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I got bored when it rained last Thursday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8858" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-05-14T11:02:37.990" LastActivityDate="2021-05-14T11:02:37.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2847" CreationDate="2015-04-27T00:19:10.683" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;1º) El origen del &amp;amp; es un nexo formado por las formas antiguas de la e y de la t que tiene su origen en la &quot;escritura carolina&quot;, un tipo gráfico utilizado en Europa entre los siglos IX y XII y que, por tanto, se usó para la conjunción latina &quot;et&quot;. Será sustituido por el signo tironiano a partir del siglo XIII, aunque reaparecerá en el Renacimiento, por la imitación de la escritura carolina que hicieron los humanistas italianos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2º) El signo similar a un 7 que se utilizó en la Edad Media procede del sistema taquigráfico romano o signos tironianos y se utilizaba para la conjunción latina &quot;et&quot;. El uso del signo tironiano se generalizó en la época de la &quot;escritura gótica&quot;, es decir, en el siglo XIII y sustituyó a lo que los franceses llaman &lt;em&gt;peruette&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;amp;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3º) En los siglos XIII, XIV y XV se utiliza el signo tironiano con el valor de &quot;et&quot; en los textos latinos y con el valor de &quot;e&quot; en los textos romances (asturleonés, gallego y castellano). Cuando no se utiliza ningún signo, en los textos en romance se emplea la &quot;e&quot; con dicho valor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4º) La &quot;y&quot; como conjunción copulativa empieza a utilizarse a finales del siglo XV en la escritura castellana conocida como &quot;letra cortesana&quot;, que fue la grafía oficial de la cancillería de los Reyes Católicos, aunque la &quot;e&quot; (y su correspondiente signo de abreviación en las escrituras cortesana y procesal) estaba mucho más extendida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5º) A partir de este momento, convivirán las formas e, y, i, como conjunciones copulativas, si bien la &quot;i&quot; se utiliza sobre todo en los siglos XVII, XVIII y XIX. En el XVIII se funda la Real Academia de la Lengua y se inicia el proceso de regulación ortográfica del español que todavía no ha concluido. Para los orígenes gráficos de dicha conjunción deben ustedes consultar libros de Paleografía Española, como por ejemplo el &lt;em&gt;Tratado&lt;/em&gt; de Agustín Millares Carlo. No es del todo exacto lo que cuenta el comentarista anterior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8908" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-27T00:45:59.147" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T00:45:59.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12588" CreationDate="2015-04-27T03:50:13.753" Score="2" ViewCount="7932" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the Spanish I learn is of the Mexican slang variety but I'm not sure I quite understand this one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain the meaning/origin or contextual usage of &quot;Cueros de rana?&quot;&#xA;I am told that it is slang for &quot;money.&quot; I'm guessing it's like bucks.&#xA;Green skin as in &quot;frog skin.&quot; &quot;Plata.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8904" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:53:11.160" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:53:11.160" Title="Meaning of &quot;Cueros de rana.&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12578" CreationDate="2015-04-27T06:51:28.080" Score="4" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;When or where one uses &lt;code&gt;sétimo&lt;/code&gt; and when/where &lt;code&gt;séptimo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a geographical difference somehow? Is one of them colloquial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8841" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-27T14:53:34.863" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T09:03:50.427" Title="Difference between &quot;sétimo&quot; and &quot;séptimo&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-27T10:42:34.810" Score="0" ViewCount="3300" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use 'eres' for 'are' with you in Spanish. We use 'es' with usted for 'are'. If we have to use 'are' with boys, what would we use: &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;eres&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the appropriate tense for &quot;The boys.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8912" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T09:02:04.973" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:33:08.713" Title="Son, eres or es: which one to use with &quot;the boys&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12569" CreationDate="2015-04-27T12:11:28.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo soy &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu eres &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él es &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros somos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ustedes son&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos son&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which of these pronouns do you think fit &quot;the boys&quot; best? &#xA;As to the translation- any dictionary can help you with that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T12:11:28.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12576" CreationDate="2015-04-27T12:20:57.597" Score="3" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you pronounce &quot;los&quot; when conjugated? For example, in Ver&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; (e.g. see them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it like &quot;Los&quot; in &quot;lost&quot;? Or &lt;em&gt;Louhse&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there will probably be variation, but I am trying to avoid the wrong ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, does it change when it is not conjugated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T02:33:54.767" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T02:33:54.767" Title="how do you pronounce &quot;los&quot; when conjugated?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12569" CreationDate="2015-04-27T14:37:06.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form you use the conjugation of the third person, not the second, even if &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used as a polite version of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (thus, second person singular) and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;  as a polite version of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (thus, second person plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú eres / Vosotros sois [Second person]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El (o ella) es / Ellos Son [Third person]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted es / ustedes son [second person that used third person conjugation]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We do this when directly addressing someone, as a way of being polite, not when we describe certain collectives.&lt;/strong&gt; It doesn't matter if is &lt;em&gt;boys&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cars&lt;/em&gt;. What matters is if you want to be super-polite when addressing someone you are talking to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is unlikely that you would address a group of boys &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; but not impossible. For example if you were their teacher and wanted to be extremely formal you could address the as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with boys or kids or teenagers most likely you will use the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form, so use the second person of whichever verb you are using. If you are not addressing them directly you have no need for the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, being &lt;em&gt;boys&lt;/em&gt; a plural you are going to use third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese chico &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; solo. Esos chicos &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; jugando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T14:37:06.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12568" CreationDate="2015-04-27T14:52:47.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They address exactly the same ordinal number. &lt;code&gt;Sétimo&lt;/code&gt; has &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=kBvpnHQV6DXX2jYJWDDI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;its own entry in the RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, and states that is a synonym for &lt;code&gt;séptimo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Variations may depend on regionalisms (some people may find naturally easier to use one over the other, and would do this without even thinking about it), but there are no situations where using one instead of the other would be wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the entry on the RAE dictionary proves, it is OK to use &lt;code&gt;Sétimo&lt;/code&gt; in each situation where you would use &lt;code&gt;Séptimo&lt;/code&gt; and viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T14:52:47.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12575" CreationDate="2015-04-27T15:14:33.307" Score="5" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't find &lt;code&gt;comerla&lt;/code&gt; in the conjugation tables. Can a sympathetic person please shed some light on this for me? What's going on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found these sentences on 123teachme:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, póngame una piña 'durita', pues no voy a comerla inmediatamente.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Please, give me an unripe pineapple, since I'm not going to eat it soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo odiaba tanto la coliflor que me negaba a comerla.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I used to hate cauliflower so much that I refused to eat it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enrique viene a comer pizza al restaurante. Enrique viene a comerla al restaurante.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Enrique comes to eat pizza at the restaurant. Enrique comes to eat it at the restaurant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enrique viene a comer pizza al restaurante. Enrique viene a comerla al restaurante.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Enrique comes to eat pizza in the restaurant. Enrique comes to eat it in the restaurant&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8630" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:43:07.030" Title="Comerla not found in conjugation tables" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12574" CreationDate="2015-04-27T15:28:20.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The conjugation is just &lt;code&gt;comer&lt;/code&gt;, but it has attached the pronoun that identifies the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two sentneces have the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, póngame una piña 'durita', pues no voy a comer&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; inmediatamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, póngame una piña 'durita', pues no &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; voy a comer inmediatamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the pronouns can go immediately in front of the verb or immediately after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could check section 3 of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) to learn more about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T15:28:20.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12571" CreationDate="2015-04-27T15:39:18.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los isn't conjugated — it's enclitic. That's the term for when a pronoun is attached to the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing changes for pronunciation. For the vast majority of speakers, that will be /o/. The letter o in Standard Spanish always has the same pronunciation regardless of stress or position in a word. Every &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;los olorosos&lt;/em&gt; sounds the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now...the handful of exceptions that as a non-native speaker you should avoid unless trying to specifically mimic an accent from a particular region. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a few speakers in certain South American regions, via influence from other languages with a three-vowel system, that vowel will be /u/ (although those speakers generally pronounce all their /o/ as /u/). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others as may adjust word or phrase final -o vowels to be a bit closer to /u/ (or even a swcha-like vowel), and in that case, because the &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; is enclitic, may be affected when its proclitic (unattached) form would stay a pure /o/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T15:39:18.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12571" CreationDate="2015-04-27T15:41:18.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that sounds similar to the English word &lt;code&gt;loss&lt;/code&gt; (/lôs,läs/) as in &quot;avoiding &lt;em&gt;loss&lt;/em&gt; of time&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T15:41:18.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12568" CreationDate="2015-04-27T18:19:17.993" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because of the weak pronuntiation of the letter &lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;séptimo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;septiembre&lt;/code&gt;) are common mispronounced, so RAE chooses to accept and include this deformed words in the dictionary. Another examples are &lt;code&gt;octubre&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;otubre&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;obscuro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;oscuro&lt;/code&gt;. You can use both versions, however you should be consistent, if you are naming months, said &lt;code&gt;setiembre y otubre&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;septiembre y octubre&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a la débil pronunciación de la letra &lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;code&gt;séptimo&lt;/code&gt;, los usos y costumbres de &quot;comerse&quot; esa letra al pronunciarlo hacen que la palabra sea aceptada como sinónimo. Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;code&gt;septiembre&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;setiembre&lt;/code&gt;, incluso con &lt;code&gt;octubre&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;otubre&lt;/code&gt; o también &lt;code&gt;obscuro&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;oscuro&lt;/code&gt;. Sucede muy a menudo que la RAE acepte tales deformaciones y las incluya en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T18:19:17.993" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-27T23:52:28.140" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a production department where we create promo spots for movies in Spanish. My question is, if we are graphically showing phrases, such as &quot;Bravery Lives Here&quot; would it have to show as &quot;La Valentía Vive Aquí&quot; or &quot;Valentía Vive Aquí&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8918" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T01:30:42.223" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T12:54:34.930" Title="Graphic usage of 'el' and 'la' for television" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12580" CreationDate="2015-04-28T00:32:51.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not so much a matter of the graphical representation, or even of the phrasing.  In Spanish, abstract qualities, like love, justice, or bravery, are always accompanied by &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;.  It would sound funny without it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T01:31:26.660" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T01:31:26.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12580" CreationDate="2015-04-28T01:42:21.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use the definite article when you are referring to abstract beings or entities, in a general meaning (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/11829/5481&quot;&gt;See this related question&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La paciencia es una virtud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La valentía vive aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La libertad es una estado de la mente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El amor nunca muere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the definite article wouldn't matter for the graphical representation, but if you are showing a caption with the phrase or a voice reads them, it needs the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise it could be understood that you are not referring to an abstract entity (valentía, libertad o amor) but to a concrete one. So, with &amp;quot;Valentía vive aquí&amp;quot; I could understand that a girl called Valentía (concrete being) lives in that place, not that &lt;em&gt;(The) Bravery&lt;/em&gt; (or Freedom or Love)  as an abstract entity is found in a certain place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T01:42:21.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12585" CreationDate="2015-04-28T04:19:46.093" Score="2" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say you have the question &quot;Why  are you at my house?&quot; I'm not sure which preposition is appropriate here, as many of them translate to &quot;at&quot;. &#xA;&quot;¿Por qué estás tú en/a/de/... mi casa?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(On an unrelated note, does anyone know the Spanish equivalent for &quot;What on earth are...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T11:49:05.853" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T10:03:24.447" Title="Differing connotations of prepositions meaning &quot;at&quot; (en, de, a, etc...)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2015-04-28T04:44:19.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It definitely sounds mexican, I did a quick search and that's the definition, money. Apparently it's narco slang, and means dollars. It's not very spread in the entire population, so the use is very reduced. I think it's something you should avoid, it's not wrong but since is related to the narco culture, is better is you only know the word and maybe joke with your friends but just that. Maybe I am exaggerating but it's better not to use this kind of words, my opinion of course, there's people who joke around a lot with this stuff but they don't look quite good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dictionary says that it comes from the old brown paper money of the 70's but apparently the meaning changed with time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again maybe I am being too exaggerated so, you can decide using it or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T13:29:58.183" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T13:29:58.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12583" CreationDate="2015-04-28T07:53:29.943" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; when using &amp;quot;at&amp;quot; as inside a building.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estás en mi casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(the subject &amp;quot;tu&amp;quot; (you) is hidden in this phrase as it can be understood from context).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; implies direction,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me voy a casa -&amp;gt; I'm going home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; implies relation or posession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;salgo de casa -&amp;gt; I'm leaving home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la casa de mi padre -&amp;gt; my father's home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el gobierno de Inglaterra -&amp;gt; England's government&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the Spanish equivalent of &amp;quot;What on earth are...&amp;quot; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué diablos son...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(wich roughly translates as &amp;quot;Which kind of devils are...&amp;quot; :D)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T10:03:24.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12580" CreationDate="2015-04-28T12:54:34.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitively, you have to add articles to refer to abstract beings as subjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to previous answers, I'd like to add that a phrase like &quot;La Valentía vive aquí&quot; seems a bit odd, I'd go for a expression like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;El lugar donde vive la Valentía&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you change your subject from Valentía to aquí (&quot;El lugar&quot; --&gt; aquí) giving more emphasis to the place (channel, program, place where it happens) more than the abstract concept of Bravery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what are you trying to express, would be a better solution than a direct translation of an english sentence. Keep in mind that different languages have different ways to construct sentences and what sounds perfectly legit on one can sound odd on other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T12:54:34.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4588" CreationDate="2015-04-28T15:00:26.490" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe the question should be: Why is &quot;James&quot; the equivalent of &quot;Santiago&quot;?&#xA;&quot;James&quot; is derived from the Latin &quot;Iacomus&quot; (Latin does not have a &quot;J&quot;), which in turn is derived from the Hebrew &quot;Jacob&quot;.&#xA;The Spanish &quot;Iago&quot; is likewise derived from the Latin &quot;Iacomus&quot;.&#xA;Thus &quot;Saint James&quot; is the equivalent of &quot;Santiago&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8925" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T15:00:26.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2015-04-28T15:14:43.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.porrualabs.com/libro/GEN:116831/tumbaburro-de-la-picardia-mexicana/armando-jimenez-farias/7509991232757&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tumbaburro de la Picardia Mexicana&lt;/a&gt; (Jimenez, A. Editorial Diana, 1977), a book that compiles hundreds of Mexican slang expressions, &quot;cueros de rana&quot; would be...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...a 100 pesos banknote that had a brownish colour and went out of print in 1975&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CfbZk.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;The original &amp;quot;Cuero de rana&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incidentally, and according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.banxico.org.mx/divulgacion/billetes-y-monedas/6--historia-moneda-del-billet.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bank of Mexico&lt;/a&gt;, from 1925 and 1978 Mexican banknotes were printed by the  American Bank Note Company from New York, USA, before giving way to the Banknote Factory of  Bank Of Mexico. Perhaps that would explain why some Mexicans nowadays say &quot;cueros de rana&quot; when talking about 'US dollars'? ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, I never heard of that expression. I know money can be referred as &quot;varo&quot;, &quot;varos&quot;, &quot;morlaca&quot;, &quot;borrega&quot;, &quot;lana&quot;, &quot;feria&quot;, &quot;billete&quot;, &quot;pachocha&quot;, &quot;billullos&quot;, &quot;morlacos&quot;... I guess it depends the region we are talking about (Mexico is a big country).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8924" LastEditorUserId="8924" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T15:20:16.297" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T15:20:16.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12554" CreationDate="2015-04-28T15:30:38.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'El mejor valor por su dinero'. ('the best value for your money')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's so commonly used by Mexicans that is often abused by advertisers, marketers, and retailers all over Mexico to the point that it sounds cliched&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8924" LastEditorUserId="8924" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T15:35:39.497" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T15:35:39.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12591" CreationDate="2015-04-28T19:05:51.590" Score="4" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lamento que no haya más galletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there is only a &quot;helping&quot; verb, but none other. I thought there should be another verb, also. Help me understand this, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7197" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T01:49:23.017" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T16:11:22.677" Title="Is &quot;haber&quot; always a helping verb?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12590" CreationDate="2015-04-28T20:54:02.990" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; is not a helping verb, but rather an &lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/verbos_impersonales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;impersonal verb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see this from the fact that haber is not followed by a past participle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento que no haya más galletas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento que se hayan comido todas las galletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There, you have your verb, &lt;strong&gt;comer&lt;/strong&gt;, being &lt;em&gt;helped&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; is used impersonally, it expresses the existence of something, tangible or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que aprender para saber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos iguanas en el baño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había una fantasma en el closet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hubo sol ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Habrá comida gratis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T16:11:22.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2015-04-29T05:16:58.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very old expression, and probably nobody uses it nowadays. My understanding is that it means U.S. dollars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across this expression reading &quot;La familia burrón&quot;, an old Mexican comic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T10:52:48.960" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T10:52:48.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12597" CreationDate="2015-04-29T12:07:13.817" Score="7" ViewCount="1241" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tendría gracia que un payaso estuviera perdido en una iglesia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Danzó con la gracia de un cisne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does &lt;em&gt;gracia&lt;/em&gt; have such opposing meanings? Is there a historical context? Maybe because of its origin? Does this usage come from a special place and then became the standard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-13T08:07:22.630" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T08:19:42.603" Title="Tener gracia (funny) vs. Tener gracia (graceful)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12595" CreationDate="2015-04-29T13:10:43.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?gracia&quot;&gt;It seems&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;code&gt;gracia&lt;/code&gt; comes from latin &lt;em&gt;gratia&lt;/em&gt; and this one from &lt;em&gt;gratus&lt;/em&gt; which means &quot;agradable, agradecido&quot; (pleasant, grateful).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that those meanings are that opposed. We could find a common root for &quot;divertido/gracioso&quot; and  &quot;hermosura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;la gracia de una cisne&quot; it means &quot;with movements pleasant to see&quot; (hermosos, bellos, placenteros de ver, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In  &quot;Tendría gracia que ...&quot; means &quot;it would spark a pleasant feeling on me&quot; (agradable, placentero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The different meanings of &quot;gracia&quot; evolved from that &quot;agradable/placentero&quot; meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T13:10:43.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12611" CreationDate="2015-04-29T17:15:20.530" Score="0" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the grammar in the following verse correct? For example is Niña de Amerilla how you'd say &quot;girl in yellow&quot;, as in yellow clothing. I'm especially concerned about the second line, starting with Aleteo, which is supposed to say something like: &quot;Shabby coat flapping in the wind.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El Niño de Negro (The boy in black (i.e., black clothing) )&#xA;&#xA;Yo miro allá &#xA;y veo el niño de negro.&#xA;&#xA;Aleteo abrigo en mal &#xA;estado por el viento.&#xA;&#xA;Puse mi mano &#xA;hacia un vidrio.&#xA;&#xA;Y darse cuenta de que &#xA;el niño de negro es mi.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intended meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I look yonder and see the boy in black. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo miro (I look)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;allá (yonder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y veo (and I see)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el niño de negro. (the boy in black)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shabby coat flapping in the wind. (the most sketchy line)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aleteo(?) ('it' is flapping)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;abrigo en mal (shabby coat)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estado por el viento. ('it' is in the wind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put forth my hand and touch the glass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puse mi mano (I put forth my hand)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hacia un vidrio. (to the glass)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And realize the boy in black is me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y darse cuenta de que (and realize)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el niño de negro es mi. (the boy in black is me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="8920" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T20:02:53.320" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T07:58:31.230" Title="Is the grammar for this verse correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-05-04T21:48:29.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12602" CreationDate="2015-05-02T07:48:37.677" Score="7" ViewCount="101980" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep hearing this word &quot;ese&quot; (also spelled &quot;esé&quot; or &quot;ése&quot;) on TV used when parodying Spanish speakers. It's often used in a very funny way to indicate friend or homie but I can't tell what it means. Googling produced mixed results where some said it was a fake word used only in Hollywood, others claimed it just meant friend, and some claimed its like using the n-word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone clarify the meaning of ese (as used in this context) and explain if it is derogatory or not? If obviously don't want to use it if it is! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional info from comment&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen it in comedy sketches by Key and Peele. Key often talks in a mock Spanish speaking accent. I'm not sure what nationality or ethnicity it is supposed to represent, but the jokes are of a sort of parody-like nature in that he is skirting the line between funny and racist as comedians sometimes do. Example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/G4QrN8AK8hI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;East Side Locos Tagger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8294" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-07T17:44:34.730" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:02:22.630" Title="What does &quot;ese&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;&lt;lenguage-despectivo&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2015-05-02T10:20:40.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ese&lt;/code&gt; is a demonstrative adjective (&lt;code&gt;quiero ese libro&lt;/code&gt;, I want that book) or a demonstrative pronoun (&lt;code&gt;quiero ese&lt;/code&gt;, I want that one). As a pronoun, it's sometimes written with an accent on the stressed syllable: ése. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=ese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE, see the 1st meaning of ese, esa, eso&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ese&lt;/code&gt; can be used to refer to people, and it sometimes has a pejorative connotation (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=ese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE, see the 2nd meaning of ese, esa, eso&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No conozco al tipo ese.&lt;/code&gt; (I don't know that guy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ese es un imbécil.&lt;/code&gt; (That [guy] is a moron.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-02T10:20:40.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2015-05-02T11:10:37.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some contexts you also use &quot;eseeeeeee&quot;, with a phonetically longer ending &quot;e&quot;, just to express something similar to &quot;that's it dude&quot; or &quot;you rock!&quot;. &#xA;This is specially used in parodying comedian shows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2758" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T07:39:05.973" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T07:39:05.973" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2015-05-03T02:09:48.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the video you mentioned, and doing some googling, it turns out that &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; (which has the gramatically correct meanings mentioned in the other answers) is a Spanglish slang to refer to someone, generally the person you are talking to. There are no academic sources for that, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quora.com/Why-do-Latino-men-sometimes-call-each-other-ese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here's a very plausible explanation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In some places, &quot;ese&quot; (pronounced es-say) is just a slang way of&#xA;  refering to a guy. No different than &lt;em&gt;dude&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;. [...] In short,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; can be a neutral term for any average guy or it can be a statement&#xA;  of one's gang affiliation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-03T02:09:48.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12603" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12613" CreationDate="2015-05-03T20:29:27.027" Score="0" ViewCount="622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made several mistakes regarding prepositions in a Spanish text, and my teacher wrote this at the end:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un caso específico de preposiciones que faltan es cuando se trata de&#xA;  un objeto directo que es una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was also an exhortation to look it up in a grammar book. However I can't find it in my grammar book. Can anyone explain what this rule means? What is it that I need to know about prepositions in front of direct objects which happen to be persons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2117" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T15:20:15.870" Title="Preposition and direct objects which are persons" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2015-05-03T20:37:40.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you say: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Que onda, ese&quot;&lt;/em&gt; it's like &lt;em&gt;&quot;what's up, dude&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. You wouldn't use this expression to address any person of respect such as your boss, your dad, your dad-in-law, etc. In fact, the use of this expression will give the worst impression unless it's said to a close friend. This expression is usually frowned upon and it's considered rude when it's said out of the slums.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8951" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T13:02:22.630" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:02:22.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12603" CreationDate="2015-05-03T21:05:09.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you give us an example of a sentence where your teacher's suggestion applies? I'm spanish and I cannot figure out what your teacher means...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, now I see; when a person receives the &lt;strong&gt;benefit&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;damage&lt;/strong&gt; (beneficio o daño in spanish) of an &lt;strong&gt;action&lt;/strong&gt; (which is called the Indirect Object IC, or Dativ in German), a preposition is required, to indicate who is the target of the action. In your examples, &quot;las criaturas&quot; (the beings), &quot;todos&quot; (all) are the &quot;actors&quot; or the &quot;targets&quot; of the action. They could be human beings, animals or whichever target personified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cazador mató &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; pájaro de un sólo tiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that &quot;al&quot; is a contraction of the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; + the singular, masculine article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico explicó &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; su padre lo que había ocurrido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some verbs require only Direct Complement (DC). DC may be things-DC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él vio &lt;em&gt;la pared&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or persons-DC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él vio &lt;em&gt;a Laura&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies, as you can see. When a person is involved in a Direct Complement or Indirect Complement a preposition (&quot;a&quot; in case of DC, &quot;a&quot; or &quot;para&quot; in case of IC) is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo estas flores &lt;em&gt;para Ana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastEditorUserId="8772" LastEditDate="2015-05-03T23:42:07.057" LastActivityDate="2015-05-03T23:42:07.057" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12590" CreationDate="2015-05-03T23:56:48.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The previous one is not exactly the right answer, I'm afraid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lamento que no haya más galletas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;There's no more biscuits left, but I'd like there were :(&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;haya = verb &quot;haber&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;presente de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;. Meaning: to remain, to leave, to be. haber is the main verb here, because it doesn't act as an auxiliary verb, but as an &quot;action&quot; verb, with its own meaning. It's subjunctive because I'd like more biscuits, but actually there are not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lamento que se haya comido todas las galletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;I'm sad because all of the biscuits have been eaten&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;haya = verb &quot;haber&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; (haya /-s /-amos /-ais /-an + participio). That is: haya acts as auxiliary verb here. The main verb here is &quot;comido&quot;. The action happened in the past, that's why a past tense is used here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no impersonation, the thing is rather different: the first example is simple present, the second one is a composite past tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastEditorUserId="8772" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T17:29:43.773" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T17:29:43.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12608" CreationDate="2015-05-04T00:09:38.743" Score="2" ViewCount="1028" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás, compa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Todo de perlas y tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¡5 estrellas, gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber de dónde viene la expresión &quot;cinco estrellas &quot;. ¿Se usa mucho en el norte o el sur del país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T16:07:30.887" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T16:07:30.887" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;cinco estrellas&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12607" CreationDate="2015-05-04T01:29:44.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España la categoría de los hoteles se mide por el número de &quot;estrellas&quot;. Una o dos estrellas es un hostal. Un hotel de cinco estrellas es de mucho lujo. Este sistema de calificación se usa en muchas otras cosas (los restaurantes suelen usar en cambio &quot;cinco tenedores&quot;, pero la guía Michelín, una de las más prestigiosas en gastronomía, usa &lt;a href=&quot;http://elgranchef.imujer.com/6791/que-son-las-estrellas-michelin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;las estrellas&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, hay una conocida marca de cerveza, Mahou, que tiene una gama de cervezas denominada &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahou#Producci.C3.B3n_cervecera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cinco estrellas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Los anuncios de televisión hacían mucho énfasis en realzar el aspecto de &quot;cinco estrellas = máxima calidad&quot;. En dichos anuncios se producían conversaciones como las que describes en la pregunta, y con el tiempo esas conversaciones fueron copiadas por el ciudadano de a pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso &quot;cinco estrellas&quot; es sinónimo de &quot;sobresaliente&quot;, &quot;perfecto&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T01:33:00.737" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T01:33:00.737" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12610" CreationDate="2015-05-04T03:07:11.670" Score="3" ViewCount="1107" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el modismo mexicano se dice &amp;quot;5 estrellas&amp;quot;, pero en argentino es &amp;quot;10 puntos&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¡Hola, che! ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B:  ¡Joya, che, re bien! ¿Y vos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¡10 puntos, chamigo, ¡gracias totales!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber de dónde viene la expresión &amp;quot;10 puntos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-05-03T03:40:44.440" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;10 puntos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12609" CreationDate="2015-05-04T03:12:51.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;10 puntos es la calificación máxima en las escuelas. &#xA;Por lo tanto &quot;10 puntos&quot; significa excelente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela serían 20 puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8949" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T03:12:51.510" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12598" CreationDate="2015-05-04T07:58:31.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi humilde opinión (In my humble opinion)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miro a lo lejos         (I look yonder) &#xA;y veo al niño de negro. (and see the boy in black.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abrigo en mal estado  (Shabby coat) &quot;Lamentable abrigo&quot;&#xA;ondeando al viento.   (flapping in the wind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extendí mi mano        (I put forth my hand)&#xA;hacia el vidrio.       (and touch the glass.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me di cuenta que     (And realize)&#xA;el niño de negro soy yo. (the boy in black is me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8954" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T07:58:31.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12603" CreationDate="2015-05-04T15:20:15.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule, indirect objects &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be preceeded with either &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.  Also as a rule, direct objects (like subjects) are bare.  That means they can be quickly identified in sentences because they have no preposition introducing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Direct objects have two exceptions, though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the direct object is anthropomorphized (a person, or something we see as a person, e.g., a pet), then you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; place an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in front of it.  This is very common.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the direct object could be otherwised confused for the subject, then you &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;ought to&lt;/em&gt; place an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in front of it to make it clear it is not the subject: &lt;em&gt;Come el lobo el zorro&lt;/em&gt; could use an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; to let us know which animal was eaten.  &lt;em&gt;Comen los lobos el zorro&lt;/em&gt; does not, because there is no ambiguity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the first exception is what is getting at you.   Always, 100% of the time, if your direct object is a person (or pet), use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; for direct objects.  You can actually simplify this to, regardless the object, just use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; if it's a person (because indirect objects can also take &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  There is a difference between these two: &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; allows redudancy with object pronouns (&lt;em&gt;di algo a Juan&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;le di algo a Juan&lt;/em&gt;) and in fact &lt;em&gt;requires&lt;/em&gt; it when the explicit indirect object is a pronoun itself (like &lt;em&gt;mí, ti, él, ella, etc&lt;/em&gt;).  Quite differently, &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; categorically rejects the redudancy (only &lt;em&gt;di algo para Juan&lt;/em&gt;)  such that when &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; is seen with an indirect object pronoun (as in &lt;em&gt;le di algo para Juan&lt;/em&gt;), the indirect object pronoun indicates a third person, and the &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; clause is a sort of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obviative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;obviative&lt;/a&gt; — effectively, a fourth person.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T15:20:15.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12615" CreationDate="2015-05-04T18:23:41.607" Score="2" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, hay una palabra muy poco usada, que refiere a una persona que ama los idiomas:  Glossophile, o el amor de los idiomas es &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossophilia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Glossophilia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Español también tiene los sufijos &quot;-filo&quot; y &quot;-filia&quot;.  Pero no estoy seguro como traducir el prefijo &quot;Glosso&quot; del Griego &quot;γλώσσα&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mejor conjetura es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Glosófilo / Glosofilia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en el camino correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T20:42:04.207" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T16:17:19.693" Title="¿Cómo formar la palabra &quot;glossophile&quot; en Español?" Tags="&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12614" CreationDate="2015-05-04T19:10:51.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El camino o proceso para construir la palabra parece lógico. La raíz &quot;gloso&quot; significa &quot;lenguaje&quot; y tenemos palabras como &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=glosolalia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;glosolalia&quot;&lt;/a&gt; que es el don de hablar diferentes lenguas (que Jesús dio a los apóstoles), pero hay que destacar que la psicología usa la palabra como término completamente opuesto: el hablar un lenguaje inventado carente de significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos incluso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Glosofobia: Miedo a hablar (en público).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Xeno&lt;strong&gt;gloso&lt;/strong&gt;fobia: Miedo a lenguas extranjeras.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece que existe la palabra opuesta a la que buscas (Gloso + fobia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desgraciadamente, pese a tener palabras como &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=bibli%F3fila&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bibliófilo&lt;/a&gt; en el diccionario de la RAE no tenemos &quot;glosófilo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción parece correcta, y ya sabemos que el hecho de que algo no esté en el diccionario no significa que no exista. Además, al usar la raíz &quot;gloso&quot; no habría lugar a entender el sufijo &quot;filia&quot; como en &quot;parafilia&quot; (que designa un patrón de comportamiento sexual. Por ejemplo, la &quot;gerontofilia&quot; es el amor por las personas mayores: amor en el sentido de buscar pareja sexual de edad avanzada). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, creo que &quot;glosofilia&quot; o &quot;glosófilo&quot; serían consideradas palabras de &quot;nuevo cuño&quot;. Yo recomendaría que donde las uses pongas el significado a continuación, para mayor aclaración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T16:17:19.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12618" CreationDate="2015-05-05T10:27:00.933" Score="2" ViewCount="3698" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni siquiera puedo dormir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the translation for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I cannot even sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was wondering why cannot it be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No siquiera puedo dormir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does 'No' became 'Ni' in the above sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1639" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-05T11:36:14.243" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T17:42:51.517" Title="Why &quot;ni&quot; instead of &quot;no&quot; in the sentence &quot;Ni siquiera puedo dormir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-11T10:56:32.613" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12616" CreationDate="2015-05-05T12:37:05.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;strong&gt;Ni&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ni&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Neither&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ni siquiera / Nisiquiera&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;neither&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;not even&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of the difference with rough translation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me gustan los tacos sucios a mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is very straightforward... I don't like dirty tacos, but when you say this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni me gustan los tacos sucios a mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It implies that I don't like other things.  Ni functions as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://grammarist.com/grammar/conjunctions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;copulative conjunction&lt;/a&gt; meaning that it is used to aggregate, to add to the list of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi no me gustan los tacos sucios &lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt; la basura mojada &lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt; la carne perro &lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt; el perder de dinero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also somewhat of an equivalent of the English &lt;strong&gt;me neither&lt;/strong&gt;, although there is a word &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; that does mean that already, I'm trying to make a point here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi no me gustan los tacos sucios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni a mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English phrases such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ordered an expensive beer and I didn't even get to drink it. :*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be translated to this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordené una cerveza cara y ni pude tomarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not even George Washington liked dirty tacos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni siquiera a George Washington le gustaban los tacos sucios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more descriptive definitions &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=ni&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T17:42:51.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12616" CreationDate="2015-05-05T14:09:23.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neither&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;not even&lt;/strong&gt; aren't equal in spanish language.&#xA;Normally these mean &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I didn't even like these, neither those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we say &quot;ni siquiera me gustaron estos, tampoco esos.&quot;&#xA;If we want to use &lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/strong&gt;, we need to put&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I didn't even like these, not even those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &quot;ni siquiera me gustaron estos, ni siquiera esos.&quot;&#xA;However this sounds weird in spanish since we normally say the first sentence I put or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I didn't like these, not even those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is &quot;no me gustaron estos, ni siquiera esos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to differentiate &lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt; from &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; in spanish is when we use &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; before a &lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt;, this one comes immediately to state we don't want this stuff nor the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T14:09:23.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12623" CreationDate="2015-05-05T17:07:27.507" Score="2" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;&quot;There is a first for everything&quot;&lt;/em&gt; expresa un elemento de sorpresa, que algo ha pasado por primera vez y es un poco raro que haya pasado. Intenté expresar este concepto el otro día y solamente me salió un &lt;em&gt;&quot;es la primera vez que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que me parece muy lejos. Google Translate sugiere: &quot;hay una primera vez para todo&quot; que es bastante literal pero me suena muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T21:12:02.457" Title="¿Cómo traducir la frase &quot;There is a first for everything&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12620" CreationDate="2015-05-05T18:08:54.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre hay una primera vez para todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's as close as I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T18:08:54.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12620" CreationDate="2015-05-05T22:13:52.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La sentencia dada omite &quot;first time.&quot;&#xA;Si ponemos &quot;there's a first time for everything,&quot; la traducción literal es &quot;hay una primera vez para todo,&quot; que es lo que el traductor google nos sugiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ellos &quot;there's a first for everything&quot; tiene sentido porque comúnmente omiten muchas palabras, así como también nosotros tenemos nuestras formas de expresar sus dichos, ellos también las tienen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no te gusta, entonces podemos poner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para todo, hay una primera vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;esta última es la más usada (al menos donde yo vivo), pueden haber variaciones diferentes dependiendo del país de habla hispana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T22:13:52.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12636" CreationDate="2015-05-05T22:51:00.200" Score="2" ViewCount="11657" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo aquí una canción, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=81453&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Persiana Americana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que fue cantada por uno de los grupos más importantes de la música latina Soda Stereo.  Aquí está la letra de la rola :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo te prefiero&#xA;  fuera de foco&#xA;  inalcanzable&#xA;  Yo te prefiero&#xA;  irreversible&#xA;  casi intocable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es que significa la expresión &lt;em&gt;fuera de foco&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto? Es un modismo argentino o universal? ¡Gracias Totales!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T12:56:59.750" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T14:53:07.667" Title="El significado de la expresión &quot;fuera de foco&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12624" CreationDate="2015-05-06T00:45:48.517" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuera de foco&lt;/em&gt; es un término de óptica. Cuando un objeto está fuera de foco, su imagen se ve borrosa. Esto puede darse tanto en una fotografía como en la visión humana si por ejemplo se tiene un problema como la miopía. Este significado no es un modismo argentino sino que es común a todas las variantes del castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabiendo el significado original de la expresión, interpretarlo dentro del contexto de la canción ya no depende del idioma. Una posible interpretación es la literal. La canción habla de un hombre que espía a una mujer a través de una persiana. &lt;em&gt;Te prefiero fuera de foco, inalcanzable&lt;/em&gt; querría decir entonces que el hombre prefiere la visión borrosa de ella que obtiene a través de su persiana, antes que verla de más cerca y con la posibilidad de contacto físico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T13:06:39.347" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T13:06:39.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12627" CreationDate="2015-05-07T09:28:59.663" Score="2" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;If in English I would write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  team RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a proper translation in español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saludos cordiales,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  equipo RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should I use something with &quot;el personal de...&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8967" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T15:00:06.463" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T15:00:06.463" Title="Sign an email with &quot;team MyCompany&quot; in Spanish: equipo?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12626" CreationDate="2015-05-07T12:42:55.987" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could certainly use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;equipo RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it would sound to me like you are one of many teams in a competition (Hackathon or the like)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; equipo de RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it conveys &amp;quot;all the workers from RocketNutsCorp company&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if it fits the nature of &amp;quot;RocketNutsCorp&amp;quot; you could name the department&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El equipo legal de RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El equipo de soporte técnico de RocketNutsCorp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RocketNutsCorp, Equipo/Departamento de soporte técnico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FirtName LastName - Departamento de XXX&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T12:42:55.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12626" CreationDate="2015-05-07T19:22:23.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm agree with Diego, but in a regular business email it is not necessary to include the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saludos cordiales,&#xA;RocketNutsCorp&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be clean! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But If corp is not part of the name of RocketNuts, it could be translated like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saludos cordiales,&#xA;Corporación RocketNuts&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I would finally recommend this format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Saludos cordiales,&#xA;&#xA; (Title) (Full name) &#xA; (Email) &#xA; (Phone) &#xA; (An image of your company here)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Title could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sr. = Mr.&#xA;Sra. = Mrs.&#xA;Ing. = Engineer&#xA;Presidente ejecutivo = CEO&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T19:22:23.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12633" CreationDate="2015-05-08T07:44:14.530" Score="3" ViewCount="851" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am German, my family name is &lt;em&gt;Baute&lt;/em&gt;. This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://legacy.stoepel.net/de/MapGateway.aspx?name=Baute&amp;amp;target=DE&amp;amp;renderer=DE_DE&amp;amp;mode=abs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;very uncommon name in Germany&lt;/a&gt; -- I am directly related to most of the &quot;hits&quot; on that map -- and for quite some time I have been trying to find out where this name actually stems from, and if it might mean anything. Tracing back my family tree ended in 1729, without the name-bearing ancestors ever leaving Germany. Research in German and related languages did not give any satisfying result, which only increased my interest in finding out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, by some inspiration, I entered &quot;Baute&quot; into the English Wikipedia, and was surprised when I came up with several hits, including boxer &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Baute&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Victor Manuel Baute&lt;/a&gt;, musician &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Baute&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Carlos Baute&lt;/a&gt;, and politician &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulino_Rivero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paulino Rivero Baute&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not speak Spanish, not a word of it, so knowing there are &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; people from the Spanish-speaking world that share my family name didn't help me much, aside from bringing me here with my questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is &quot;Baute&quot; a genuinely Spanish name? Is it common, or uncommon, in the Spanish world?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it mean anything? If yes, what?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it doesn't mean anything in itself, what word(s) might it be derived from?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8981" LastEditorUserId="8981" LastEditDate="2019-03-01T14:18:56.777" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:02:01.543" Title="Origin and meaning of a name: &quot;Baute&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-08T09:08:36.387" Score="3" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why are the two forms of a verb for certain times and how to use them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance taking the word &lt;code&gt;echar&lt;/code&gt;, for &lt;code&gt;Pretérito Imperfecto Subjuntivo Activo&lt;/code&gt; my dicctionary gives&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pretérito Imperfecto Subjuntivo Activo&#xA;&#xA;yo echara, echase   | nosotros echáramos, echásemos &#xA;tú echaras, echases | vosotros echarais, echaseis &#xA;él echara, echase   | ellos echaran, echasen &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously there are two forms, e. g. in Sg. 1.P. &lt;code&gt;echara&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;echase&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any difference in meaning or usage? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is to be used preferably? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the answers to the above questions apply to all compounded times, which also allow two forms, which is supposedly linked to the auxiliar verb used in them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name of and rescources concerning this matter are desired, too. Here are the other times:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto Subjuntivo Activo&#xA;&#xA;yo hubiera (hubiese) echado   | nosotros hubiéramos (hubiésemos) echado &#xA;tú hubieras (hubieses) echado | vosotros hubierais (hubieseis) echado &#xA;él hubiera (hubiese) echado   | ellos hubieran (hubiesen) echado &#xA;&#xA;Pretérito Imperfecto Subjunctivo Pasivo&#xA;&#xA;yo fuera (fuese) echado   | nosotros fuéramos (fuésemos) echados &#xA;tú fueras (fueses) echado | vosotros fuerais (fueseis) echados &#xA;él fuera (fuese) echado   | ellos fueran (fuesen) echados &#xA;&#xA;Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto Subjuntivo Pasivo&#xA;&#xA;yo hubiera (hubiese) sido echado   | nosotros hubiéramos (hubiésemos) sido echados &#xA;tú hubieras (hubieses) sido echado | vosotros hubierais (hubieseis) sido echados &#xA;él hubiera (hubiese) sido echado   | ellos hubieran (hubiesen) sido echados &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8841" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:08:47.123" Title="Two forms of verb for same time (Pretérito Subjuntivo)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-05-08T16:26:47.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12631" CreationDate="2015-05-08T09:14:14.340" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Baute&amp;quot; does not have any meaning in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the origin, all references have Canary Islands very present, although some also suggest it comes from France.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many websites in which you can check the origin of surnames. I do not know how reliable their information is, but let's check a couple of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es-es.facebook.com/turismogenealogico/posts/10201193151813421&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es-es.facebook.com/turismogenealogico/posts/10201193151813421&lt;/a&gt; (the best one I found)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De origen guanche (indígena de Tenerife), derivado del topónimo Ibaute&#xA;(Ibabte), en la demarcación del menceyato (reino) de Anaga en la isla&#xA;de Tenerife. En la actualidad, se correspondería con el valle de S.&#xA;Andrés, en el municipio de Sta. Cruz de Tenerife.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From guanche origin (indigenous to Tenerife), derived from the place&#xA;name Ibaute (Ibabte) in the kingdom of Anaga, in Tenerife. Currently, it&#xA;corresponds to the San Andrés valley, in the municipality of Santa&#xA;Cruz de Tenerife.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.misapellidos.com/significado-de-Baute-27749.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.misapellidos.com/significado-de-Baute-27749.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I see there, the surname has a French origin. Then, some of them emigrated to the Canary Islands, by the coast of Western Sahara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since people in that region have spread around the world, mainly to South and Central America, it is not a surprise to find the surname in the people you mentioned. In fact, if you go through the wiki pages you will see that for example Carlos Baute has some ancestors from these islands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found a website in which you can see how frequent a surname is across the world:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.geneanet.org/apellidos/BAUTE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://es.geneanet.org/apellidos/BAUTE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The numbers are quite graphical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Region&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;#people&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;%&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Europe&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;4230&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;95.70%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;North America&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;160&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;3.62%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;South and Central America&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.57%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Asia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.07%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Africa&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;2&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.05%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By zooming in on Europe we can see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Region&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;#people&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;%&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;France&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;2557&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;60.45%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Belgium&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1515&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;35.82%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;97&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;2.29%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Spain&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;29&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.69%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Germany&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;22&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.52%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Switzerland&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.09%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.07%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Luxembourg&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.02%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Norway&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.02%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Czech Republic&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.02%&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you zoom in further on France you can see most of them being present in the south-east, Aquitaine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-30T13:02:01.543" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:02:01.543" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12270" CreationDate="2015-05-08T09:59:18.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just thinking about it I found another possible translation, more related to bussiness work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feel free to contact us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Consúltenos sin compromiso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be used to make emphasis about contacting a company doesn't tie you to buy any product or service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T09:59:18.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12632" CreationDate="2015-05-08T10:08:47.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This phenomenon only happens in the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;; the other verbal forms you mention are, in fact, variations of this (the &lt;em&gt;pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt; is formed using the &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; form of the auxiliary verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, after all).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Originally, only the &lt;code&gt;-se&lt;/code&gt; form had this value, while the &lt;code&gt;-ra&lt;/code&gt; form was the &lt;em&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo&lt;/em&gt; by itself. This is; in the XVI century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo echase -&amp;gt; pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo echara -&amp;gt; pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo, equivalent to nowadays &amp;quot;yo había echado&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happened that the &lt;em&gt;pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt; came to be used in conditional constructions as well as the subjunctive; and, given time, the &lt;code&gt;-ra&lt;/code&gt; form lost its original value and became equivalent to the &lt;code&gt;-se&lt;/code&gt; form, while the current form of &lt;em&gt;pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt; came into use. This is the reason why we have two forms nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For most practical reasons, both forms are equivalent; but, given their origins, some slight differences remain between them. Some of these slight differences are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;-ra&lt;/code&gt; form can sometimes be used instead of the conditional in negative constructions (&lt;em&gt;no quisiera tener que volver&lt;/em&gt;, equivalent to &lt;em&gt;no querría tener que volver&lt;/em&gt;), while the &lt;code&gt;-se&lt;/code&gt; form cannot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;-ra&lt;/code&gt; form is preferred when the subjunctive has no conditional or hypotetical meaning: I'd say &lt;em&gt;le dije que se fuera&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;le dije que se fuese&lt;/em&gt;, for instance, but I'd prefer &lt;em&gt;me gustaría que vinieses&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;me gustaría que vinieras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, both forms are generally interchangeable in modern Spanish. It is up to you to decide which one to use in most cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:08:47.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12624" CreationDate="2015-05-08T14:53:07.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno iba a un cine y la película se veía borrosa es porque estaba &quot;fuera de foco&quot;. En la canción de Persiana Americana de Soda Stereo es un símil o metáfora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8949" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T14:53:07.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-08T18:49:18.950" Score="6" ViewCount="6051" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a question about the phrase &quot;botella de agua&quot;. How does one make the distinction between a bottle filled with water and a bottle normally used for the purpose of carrying water?  For example, in English one might say, &quot;Each person should fill their water bottle before we leave.&quot; Or, &quot;Please pass me that bottle of water.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;water bottle&quot; may be filled or unfilled. A &quot;bottle of water&quot; would definitely be filled with water regardless of whether it's a water bottle or not. For example, a wine bottle filled with water could be called a &quot;bottle of water&quot; but not a &quot;water bottle&quot;. Likewise, one could call a filled-up &quot;water bottle&quot; a &quot;bottle of water&quot;, but one wouldn't say &quot;Please pass me that bottle of water.&quot; referring to an unfilled &quot;water bottle&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This distinction applies to other phrases too, especially when an object can contain something. For example, asking someone if they would like a &quot;tea cup&quot; is quite different than asking if they would like a &quot;cup of tea&quot;. But both would be called &quot;taza de té&quot; in Spanish?  Pencil box vs. Box of pencils.  Pig pen vs. Pen of pigs. Wood shed vs. Shed of wood or wooden shed. Etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8986" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T16:01:46.080" Title="Water Bottle vs. Bottle of Water" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12637" CreationDate="2015-05-08T19:53:21.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The complicated stuff here is in english, not in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say, for native english people, 'teacup' or 'cup of tea' are used depending of the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing here in spanish is very easy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me das un vaso de agua? (1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me das un agua vaso? or ¿Me das un vaso agua? (2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The particle &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; is the one we use for spanish, so there's nothing to be worried about if you say (1). Number (2) is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, often spanish speakers say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me das un vaso &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is also correct, but saying 'vaso de agua' is spanish is like a glass made of water, which is absurd and nobody's gonna misunderstand that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying 'vaso de agua' or 'vaso con agua' are often used and there's no problem with others like 'botella de agua' or 'botella con agua,' but remember it can't be 'botella agua' or 'agua botella.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T16:01:46.080" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T16:01:46.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12639" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12641" CreationDate="2015-05-08T19:53:33.337" Score="3" ViewCount="966" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo aquí la letra de la canción, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=81707&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Picnic en el 4b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que fue compuesta por el mismo grupo Soda Stereo. La letra de la rola va así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Picnic en el 4ºB &#xA;  Es una cuestión de voltaje &#xA;  Picnic en el 4ºB &#xA;  Ya me acostumbraste &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que significa la palabra &quot;picnic&quot; en este contexto? ¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T19:34:03.450" Title="El significado de la palabra &quot;picnic&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12637" CreationDate="2015-05-08T19:54:38.427" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How does one make the distinction between a bottle filled with water and a bottle normally used for the purpose of carrying water?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, a phrase like &lt;code&gt;trae la botella de agua&lt;/code&gt; can mean both bring the bottle of water or the water bottle, you can infer the meaning from the context.&#xA;However, if you want to be more specific, you can ask for &lt;code&gt;la botella con agua&lt;/code&gt; and there will be no doubt you are asking for the bottle of water. &lt;code&gt;La botella de vino con agua&lt;/code&gt; for example, is the wine bottle filled with water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This distinction applies to other phrases too, especially when an object can contain something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, same idea here. &lt;code&gt;Una taza de café&lt;/code&gt; can be both the empty cup of coffee or a nice cup filled with coffee, yet in this case you don't usually say &lt;code&gt;una taza con café&lt;/code&gt; nor &lt;code&gt;una taza llena de café&lt;/code&gt;, the only help here is to know the context of the situation, but you default thought should be they are asking or offering a cup of coffee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T19:54:38.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12639" CreationDate="2015-05-08T20:46:37.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no tiene un significado distinto en ese contexto. No es que la letra de la canción tenga sentido del todo (lo cual es normal en música y poesía) pero creo que el sentido es prácticamente literal: hacer un &lt;em&gt;picnic&lt;/em&gt;  no en el campo o en el parque, si no en el salón de mi piso, el apartamento 4ºB. También puede ser que donde dice &amp;quot;picnic&amp;quot; quiera referirse a una fiesta (usando la palabra &amp;quot;picnic&amp;quot; como una suerte de eufemismo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especialmente viendo el verso siguiente, creo que se trata de un picnic (ya sea un &amp;quot;picnic&amp;quot; como tal o una alusión a una fiesta) en un apartamento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Golpean la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por décima vez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que falta alguien por venir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando me suba esa cara de gaste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me baje el alcohol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre el alud podré asomar mi nariz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y salir a la calle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T20:46:37.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12637" CreationDate="2015-05-08T20:52:13.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, context makes things very clear.  When it doesn't, Spanish of course has ways to clarify, but it's generally not necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; can serve a variety of uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; meaning the material.  Oftentimes, you can use an adjective to substitute for this meaning, but not always.  When you can't, or the adjective itself brings in other ambiguities, you can use &lt;em&gt;hecho/a de&lt;/em&gt; to be very clear.  For example, &lt;em&gt;botella de plástico&lt;/em&gt; could be rewritten as either &lt;em&gt;botella plástica&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;botella hecha de plástico&lt;/em&gt;.  The adjective form sounds nicer, but if you want to say a glass bottle, you can't say *&lt;em&gt;botella vidrial&lt;/em&gt;, the only option is &lt;em&gt;botella de vidrio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; meaning the contained items.  In this case, you can use &lt;em&gt;lleno/a de&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;que tiene&lt;/em&gt;.  In your case, &lt;em&gt;la botella que tiene vino&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la botella llena de cerveza&lt;/em&gt;.  Other options may introduce other ambiguities, &lt;em&gt;la botella que lleva agua&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;la botella con el vino&lt;/em&gt; (it might not presently have water, or we might be talking about a bottle alongside some wine).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; meaning the origin of something.  The easiest substitute is &lt;em&gt;que viene de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; meaning the ownership of something.  The simple substitution is &lt;em&gt;que pertenece a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And finally,&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; that enables the use of a noun as an adjective.  There's no single way to represent the idea, and you will inevitably need to use a phrase to be crystal clear.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T20:52:13.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12728" CreationDate="2015-05-09T03:07:37.887" Score="6" ViewCount="6767" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una amiga mia siempre me dice la expresión &lt;code&gt;todo de perlas&lt;/code&gt; y a veces simplemente &lt;code&gt;de perlas&lt;/code&gt;. Me gustaría saber de donde viene esta expresión y si es universal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-06-12T09:14:30.730" LastActivityDate="2021-05-25T23:13:43.013" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;todo de perlas&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12574" CreationDate="2015-05-09T06:46:56.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use words like &quot;comerla&quot; all the time, but I never questioned why they are constructed like that. Seeing this quesition made me wander about that and I did a little reaserch. The topic can be quite complex, but the simple explanation is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words like comerla, correrlo, mancharse, contarnos, llegarme, are verbs accompanied by unstressed personal pronouns. The verbs in the examples are: comer, correr, tener, contar, llegar. And the pronouns are: la, lo, se, nos, me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the unstressed personal pronoun is called &quot;clítico&quot; (no translation available), and when the pronoun is before the verb (la como, lo corrí) they are calles also pronoun &quot;proclítico&quot;, and when they are attached to the end of the verb, then they are called pronoun &quot;enclítico&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this is the translation for the exam´le I gave at the begining of this text: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comerla = Eat it, la is for female gender so it refers to a thing or a person which is female. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correrlo = Can be understood like &quot;fire him&quot; as in a job or to &quot;play it&quot; as in a movie, even can be understood like &quot;run it&quot; as in a software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mancharse = stain him, her, it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contarnos= Tell us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llegarme = reach me, (va a llegarme un pedido can be translated as: I will get an order&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this help somebody. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link where I read some info about the subject: &lt;a href=&quot;http://fernando.liroz.es/s/clit.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://fernando.liroz.es/s/clit.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8976" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T06:46:56.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12645" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12714" CreationDate="2015-05-09T12:29:35.617" Score="1" ViewCount="6281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with Michel Thomas Method. It states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That is a very good idea.  = Eso es una buena idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I notice that there is no &quot;muy&quot; in the Spanish translation. Does this mean that you don't use &quot;very&quot; to emphasize a quality? When would you use &quot;muy&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-09T13:17:02.173" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:27:26.357" Title="How do you use very &quot;muy&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12645" CreationDate="2015-05-09T13:16:17.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=3HJJgRityDXX28wWdZkS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Muy&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; is an adverb. Thus, you use it to modify the quality of adjetives (among others) as you stated. It does stand for &amp;quot;very&amp;quot; and indeed it is used for emphasis, but as &amp;quot;very&amp;quot; in English you are not forced to use it every time. You could either say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es una buena idea &lt;sub&gt; That is a good idea &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es una &lt;strong&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; buena idea &lt;sub&gt; That is a &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; good idea &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, you are only emphasizing. Realize that if you were forced to use &amp;quot;muy&amp;quot; every time, it would lose its meaning, since it wouldn't indicate emphasis. It would be just a particle you are forced to use. As &amp;quot;very&amp;quot;, you only add &amp;quot;muy&amp;quot; when you want to stress the quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso está bien vs. Eso está &lt;strong&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese coche es rápido vs. Ese coche es &lt;strong&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T01:17:25.170" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12648" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12650" CreationDate="2015-05-09T16:31:29.707" Score="2" ViewCount="427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a credits scene in a Spanish video, and I want to say &quot;[someone] as [someone].&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Harrison Ford &lt;strong&gt;as&lt;/strong&gt; Han Solo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;except in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5646" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T05:59:10.593" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T05:59:10.593" Title="How to say &quot;[someone] as [someone]&quot; in movie credits?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12648" CreationDate="2015-05-09T16:39:36.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Harrison Ford&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Han Solo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6922" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T16:39:36.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12711" CreationDate="2015-05-10T14:08:23.903" Score="2" ViewCount="846" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard my friend say &quot;me matas con cuchillito de palo&quot; to his kid and I cannot figure out what it means. (I've googled it, and naturally google results are all over the map.) Usually the kid is acting up, but the way my friend says it does not sound like he's scolding or angry, only fed up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I interpret this? Sometimes I watch his kid for him. Is this appropriate for me to say? (Cute kid, but kind of a snot sometimes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8990" LastEditorUserId="8990" LastEditDate="2015-05-10T14:25:44.060" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T22:29:29.057" Title="What does my friend mean when he says this to his kid?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12653" CreationDate="2015-05-10T16:59:37.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the other answer is correct. In Spain that expression is also known, but not particularly used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A small wooden knife doesn't cut at all, but it keeps ripping. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your friend says that to his kid, it means that the kid is not behaving well and your friend is feeling like irritated since the kid is acting like a knife that doesn't cut but don't stop acting out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't sound rude and it has not any kind of bad connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8998" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T16:59:37.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-10T17:06:06.110" Score="-1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué aparatos tecnológicos  usas? This is a question I must answer for my work. I am only a secondary student, so low vocabulary is fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8999" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-11T00:46:00.590" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T00:46:00.590" Title="¿Qué aparatos tecnológicos usas?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-11T10:55:54.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12656" CreationDate="2015-05-10T17:18:00.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means that: what technology devices do you use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be interesting that you provide the answer you would give in English, so we can help you to say that in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente uso el ordenador para diferentes actividades, como por ejemplo, navegar por Internet o hacer presentaciones Power Point. También, uso mucho el teléfono móvil, ya que me permite estar en contacto con mis conocidos. Además, con el teléfono móvil puedo hacer fotos y compartirlas en las redes sociales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually use the computer for different activities, for instance, to surf the Internet or to make Power Point presentations. I also use a lot the cell phone, since it helps me stay in touch with my acquaintances. I can also use the cell phone to take pictures and share them on social networks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8998" LastEditorUserId="8998" LastEditDate="2015-05-10T17:41:37.697" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T17:41:37.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12660" CreationDate="2015-05-10T19:05:18.653" Score="2" ViewCount="1708" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been learning Spanish for about 4 months now and came across the first hurdle which I really can't overcome by myself. In my book (Gramática de uso del español, Luis Aragonés), one of the usages of indefinido says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa el pretérito indefinido de ser para valorar hechos o situaciones del pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La civilización maya fue muy pacifíca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dalí fue un gran pintor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, the following is written for imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa el pretérito imperfecto de ser para describir personas, cosas o lugares en pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era alto y moreno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand why 'Dalí fue un gran pintor.' is not a description. Is it because it is not a fact, but rather an opinion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in the exercise section, there are two sententces (answers from the key in parenthesis):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marconi (fue) un gran inventor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mayas (eran) grandes constructores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the very first example: 'La civilización maya &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; muy pacifíca.' (which is pretty much as saying 'Los mayas fueron pacifícos.', right?), yet the very last example is: 'Los mayas &lt;strong&gt;eran&lt;/strong&gt; grandes constructores.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What gives? Could anybody please clarify this for me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T15:40:55.953" Title="Problem with pretérito indefinido vs pretérito imperfecto and 'ser'" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12658" CreationDate="2015-05-10T19:40:53.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, you can actually use both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mayas eran grandes constructores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mayas fueron grandes constructores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both sentences have the same meaning. Since the fact of being great builders can be seen as a fact or as a quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a native Spanish speaker, and I can see no difference between the sentences I have quoted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in most of the sentences you cannot exchange these two tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El perro era feroz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that the dog was generally fierce. It's a general feature of the dog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El perro fue feroz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that the dog was fierce once (for a short period of time). It's not a general feature of the dog, but a particular one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8998" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T19:40:53.460" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12658" CreationDate="2015-05-10T21:12:35.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absent other context, both sentences are perfectly acceptable and virtually interchangeable.  However, they will change meaning substantially if you provide additional context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An imperfect sentence generally has two interpretations.  Either it represents something on going, or something habitual.  In either case, it is something that occurs simultaneously with something else, hence it's also called the copreterite.  If the other action is also imperfect, then the interpretation is that both actions were occurring simultaneously (or habitually) over the same period of time.  If the other action is in the preterite, then the preterit action is interpretted to have interrupted the imperfect one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintaba y dibujaba cuando era niño. (simultaneous habitual)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintaba mientras dibujaba aquel día. (simultaneous non-habitual)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintaba cuando decidió dibujar. (interruption)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effectively, using imperfect never advances the narrative timeline, such that other actions occur at during the base action.  Notice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintaba ayer.  (timeline is still in yesterday, absent other indications, a preterite action will be interpreted as ocurring yesterday)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, a preterite verb &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; advance the narrative timeline, such that other actions occur &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; the base preterite action.  This is why (non-habitual) sequences of actions are &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; in preterite, even with verbs that normally might sound odd in preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintó ayer.  (timeline is now past yesterday.  Absent other indications, a preterite action will be interpreted as occurring sometime &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; yesterday, e.g. today)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pintó un cuadro, dibujó algo para un cliente, y se fue a dormir.  Durmió tres horas antes de despertarse de nuevo.  (timeline advances after each verb: he paints, &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt; he draws, &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt; he goes to bed, &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt; he sleeps.  Timeline is now set to after he wakes up).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your example with the Maya, if I wanted to discuss things related to the fact that they were peaceful, I'd need to use the imperfect, because my statements are all based around that description's timeframe.  On the other hand, if we're concerned more with the fact that the civiliation was peaceful (and now is not, or no longer exists) and we will not discuss events during the peaceful time, preterite is the better choice.  In isolation, preterite sounds a bit better to my ears, but imperfect is absolutely acceptable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T21:12:35.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-11T03:07:58.687" Score="2" ViewCount="21398" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que hay muchos significados para la palabra en cada país&#xA;hispanohablante. ¿Qué significa la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=37302&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;flaca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en este contexto? :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Flaca no me claves&#xA;tus puñales&#xA;por la espalda&#xA;tan profundo&#xA;no me duelen&#xA;no me hacen mal&#xA;Lejos&#xA;en el centro&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta canción que fue compuesta por el cantante argentino Andres Calamaro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T18:54:29.207" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T23:49:44.507" Title="El significado de la palabra &quot;flaca&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12663" CreationDate="2015-05-11T08:45:13.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As ChangoLaton said, it is a term of endearment. However it is mostly used in Argentina (where Calamaro is from), in other parts of Latinamerica the opposite is sometimes used (mostly for males though); &quot;gordo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9007" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T08:45:13.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12568" CreationDate="2015-05-11T09:03:50.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Previous answers have cleared the matter good enough, but I can give some context on the use of both words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Colombia, ommiting the &quot;p&quot; in Septiembre and the &quot;c&quot; in Octubre will give a very bad impression. It is usually associated with uneducated people, even if it is a &quot;correct&quot; word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine this being the case in other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9007" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T09:03:50.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12663" CreationDate="2015-05-11T14:30:51.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Flaca&lt;/em&gt;, en ese contexto, es una forma coloquial y amistosa de referirse a una chica. Puede ser una amiga o una chica de la que no sabes el nombre. Normalmente se usa con connotación de piropo (Flaca = guapa, buena figura) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto es que se usa sobre todo en Argentina, pero el cantante catalán Pau Donés (del grupo Jarabe de Palo) se hizo famoso por un primer éxito titulado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=59473&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'La Flaca'&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto es que en la mayoría de los otros dialectos puede no tener las connotaciones que tiene en Argentina. En España no es tan común oír &quot;flaca&quot; para referirse a una chica (Nota, yo en ocasiones he visto usar &quot;gordita&quot; para referirse a una chica. A pesar que pueda ser usado de forma cariñosa este término tiene obvias connotaciones peyorativas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T14:30:51.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12663" CreationDate="2015-05-11T14:42:37.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este contexto (es decir, usada como vocativo en una canción escrita por un argentino), la palabra &lt;em&gt;flaca&lt;/em&gt; es, simplemente, un apelativo cariñoso. En Argentina se puede usar tanto para hombres (&lt;em&gt;flaco&lt;/em&gt;) como mujeres delgadas y tiene una connotación generalmente positiva, aunque no necesariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros países, en cambio, tiene connotaciones más negativas. En España, por ejemplo, si dices que una chica está &lt;em&gt;flaca&lt;/em&gt; quieres decir que está excesivamente delgada. En Argentina, podrías usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;reflaca&lt;/em&gt; para lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T14:42:37.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12574" CreationDate="2015-05-11T22:47:56.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verb + lo(la)&lt;/strong&gt; applies to: comerlo, saltarlo, bailarlo, alejarlo, pensarlo, quebrarlo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complex stuff is to put it in spanish, because in english we say &lt;strong&gt;eat it&lt;/strong&gt; and that's it, there's no difference between genres. However, the only way to differentiate this by identifying the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We know it's &quot;la piña&quot; and not &quot;el piña,&quot; so for the verb &quot;eat&quot; it follows that is &quot;comerla&quot; and not &quot;comerlo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hardest thing is to learn which &quot;la&quot; or &quot;lo&quot; attaches to the noun, once known this, it's not hard anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T22:47:56.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T01:28:59.347" Score="1" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿El director les quiere dar el guión a los actores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt;  or Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9011" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T02:13:14.887" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T05:09:19.873" Title="Pronouns direct and indirect" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12673" CreationDate="2015-05-12T02:07:28.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dar&lt;/code&gt; is a transitive verb (dar &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt;), and the C.D. here is &quot;el guión&quot; (because if put in passive voice the sentence would be &quot;El guión será dado a los actores por el director&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the pronoun in &quot;dárselo/s&quot; refer to &quot;el guión&quot;. Since it is singular the appropriate would be &quot;Sí,quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would &quot;darse&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; if we were talking about giving several scripts (&quot;guiones&quot;) to the actors. The concordance is with the direct object, not with the indirect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quiere el director dar &lt;strong&gt;el guión&lt;/strong&gt; al actor? Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quiere el director dar &lt;strong&gt;el guión&lt;/strong&gt; a los actores? Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quiere el director dar &lt;strong&gt;los guiones&lt;/strong&gt; al representante? Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T02:12:53.680" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T02:12:53.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12673" CreationDate="2015-05-12T05:09:19.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿El director les quiere dar &lt;strong&gt;el guión&lt;/strong&gt; a los actores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It only refers to a &lt;strong&gt;singular noun&lt;/strong&gt;, so the answer would be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, quiere dárse&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9003" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T05:09:19.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12663" CreationDate="2015-05-12T05:14:04.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este contexto, o sea la canción, &lt;strong&gt;flaca&lt;/strong&gt; vendría a significar &lt;strong&gt;ex-enamorada&lt;/strong&gt; o alguien por quien se sintió algo en su momento pero ahora no te presta atención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9003" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T05:14:04.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12678" CreationDate="2015-05-12T09:22:50.213" Score="1" ViewCount="498" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una serie argentina que vi en YouTube escuché la palabra &lt;em&gt;petiso&lt;/em&gt; usada para referirse a una persona de baja estatura. En un principio pensé que sería una palabra de argot, pero por curiosidad &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=lLo8Q58MiDXX2EsQkn7p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eencontré su significado en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si esta palabra tiene connotaciones negativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T09:27:31.830" Title="¿Tiene el adjetivo &quot;petiso&quot; una connotación negativa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12677" CreationDate="2015-05-12T12:02:30.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;, tiene connotación negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Chile (y, según tu ejemplo, también en Argentina) es una de esas palabras en las que la carga afectiva generalmente supera en relevancia al significado literal. Se las puede usar para molestar u ofender, pero también para expresar cariño en ciertos contextos. Podría ser equivalente a &lt;em&gt;enano&lt;/em&gt; en el caso de la estatura o &lt;em&gt;cerdo&lt;/em&gt; para alguien gordo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra viene del francés &lt;em&gt;petit&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;pequeño&quot;), pero originalmente se refería a un tipo de caballo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T12:08:34.647" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T12:08:34.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12756" CreationDate="2015-05-12T12:53:27.427" Score="9" ViewCount="3484" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he encontrado con el anglicismo &quot;babymoon&quot; y me ha surgido la duda: ¿Debo decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el babymoon&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la babymoon&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más en general, ¿cómo se determina el género de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranjerismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt;? Por ejemplo: ¿por qué decimos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el software&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y no &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la software&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la buchaca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y no &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el buchaca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalanismo_%28pr%C3%A9stamo%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;catalanismo&lt;/a&gt; - aquí tal vez porque &quot;butxaca&quot; es femenino en catalán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado un interesante artículo en la web de la Real Academia Española: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tratamiento de los extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, no menciona regla alguna sobre el género que debe usarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:31:33.277" LastActivityDate="2020-04-08T23:19:39.620" Title="¿Qué género tienen los extranjerismos?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12679" CreationDate="2015-05-12T13:32:30.047" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo de la terminación de la palabra, se le atribuye un género masculino, femenino, neutro o ambos géneros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;code&gt;DJ (Disk jockey)&lt;/code&gt; puede ser &lt;code&gt;el DJ&lt;/code&gt; así como &lt;code&gt;la DJ&lt;/code&gt;. En la misma línea de ejemplo &lt;code&gt;tester, developer, wedding planner&lt;/code&gt;, son profesiones de hombres y mujeres, y se les llama por igual a ambos con su respectivo artículo que los distinga: &lt;code&gt;La tester de la oficina se casa con el developer, y contrataron una wedding planner que es maravillosa&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien dices, al &lt;code&gt;software&lt;/code&gt; se le atribuye el género masculino por terminar en &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;. Ya que es algo abstracto, recurrimos al artículo que suena más natural. En casos que el extranjerismo se refiera a un objeto concreto, el artículo suele hacer referencia al nombre en español a pesar de que se use la palabra extranjera: &lt;code&gt;El (teléfono/móvil) smartphone, el (disco) CD, la (computadora) PC, la (red de interntet) web, el (sitio) website, la (reunión) daily meeting, la (tableta) tablet&lt;/code&gt;. Algunas veces esta regla no suena muy bien al oido, como ser &lt;code&gt;El cover (cubierta musical)&lt;/code&gt; debería ser &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; pero claramente &lt;strong&gt;la cover&lt;/strong&gt; no suena muy elegante. &lt;code&gt;La selfie&lt;/code&gt; en cambio, podría ser &lt;strong&gt;el selfie&lt;/strong&gt; pero nuevamente esa articulación tiene un sonido chocante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justamente por ser extranjerismos no hay reglas definidas, ya que estas palabras se suelen imponer por modas, algunas incluso se instalan en el hablar diario en cuestión de pocas semanas. &lt;em&gt;En pocas palabras, las reglas las imponen quienes utilizan estas palabras y luego se tornan aceptadas por usos y costumbres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T13:44:59.237" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T13:44:59.237" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12682" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:15:12.273" Score="2" ViewCount="2100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method. &#xA;It says the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To express the past, a Verb will end in either &lt;code&gt;-ado&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-ido&lt;/code&gt;. Before you use the past verb, you will use the appropriate prefix (e.g. &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;has&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;han&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;hemos&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. I have waited / he esperado &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In this &lt;code&gt;esperar&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;esperado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;was&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;were&lt;/code&gt; there are no prefixes, instead the verb ends in either -&lt;code&gt;aba&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-ía&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E.g. I was waiting / esperaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then it gives this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He did it everyday / Lo hacía todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't it be &lt;code&gt;ha hecho todos los días&lt;/code&gt;, as there is no &lt;code&gt;was&lt;/code&gt; in the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you generally know when to use &lt;code&gt;aba/ia&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ado/ido&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-13T12:55:56.573" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T15:25:28.007" Title="Past vs &quot;Was/Were&quot; for verbs in Spanish" Tags="&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12681" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:39:58.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At a normal, informal conversation, &lt;em&gt;He did it everyday&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;Él lo hacía todos los días&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent to &lt;code&gt;lo ha hecho todos los días&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, they are different conjugations, you may check it here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/EsVerbs.aspx?v=hacer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/EsVerbs.aspx?v=hacer&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Hacía&lt;/code&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;ha hecho&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a subtle difference, with &lt;code&gt;hacía&lt;/code&gt; there is no explicit duration, beginning or end of the action. On the other hand, &lt;code&gt;ha hecho&lt;/code&gt; is an action from the past which is extended to the present time. But again, in an informal, everyday talk you can use both expressions and they will mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T12:39:58.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12681" CreationDate="2015-05-13T13:34:56.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not familiar with the Michel Thomas Method, but I'm sure it wouldn't hurt you to read up on conjugations.  &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;has&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;han&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;hemos&lt;/code&gt; are not prefixes by any stretch of the imagination.  Each are the present indicative conjugation of the verb &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Haber&lt;/code&gt; is an (nearly always) auxiliary verb (helping verb).  This is the verb that allows us to create &lt;em&gt;perfect&lt;/em&gt; conjugations.  We use them in English a lot and sometimes you would wonder how we ourselves interpret their use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12590/is-haber-always-a-helping-verb/12591#12591&quot;&gt;Is &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; always a helping verb?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I &lt;strong&gt;had had&lt;/strong&gt; twelve dollars I would &lt;strong&gt;have&lt;/strong&gt; bought it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; tenido doce dólares lo &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; comprado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The first bolded conjugation is called Past Subjunctive while the second is called Conditional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way haber works (as an auxiliary verb) is this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(conjugated form of haber) + (past participle) = to have (past participle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He has eaten = Él ha comido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have finished = Hemos terminado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on which of the three kinds of verbs your verb is, you will either have -ado or -ido to express the &lt;strong&gt;past participle&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verbs that end with an &lt;code&gt;-ar&lt;/code&gt; generally switch to &lt;code&gt;-ado&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Verbs that end with an &lt;code&gt;-er&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-ir&lt;/code&gt; generally switch to &lt;code&gt;-ido&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for the other part of your question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;-Ar&lt;/code&gt; verbs have an &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt; past tense that ends with &lt;code&gt;-aba&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;-Er&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;-Ir&lt;/code&gt; verbs have an &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt; past tense that ends with &lt;code&gt;-ía&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T13:40:44.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12681" CreationDate="2015-05-13T15:25:28.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-aba/-ía&lt;/strong&gt; is for past verbs (not participle), but &lt;strong&gt;-ado/-ido&lt;/strong&gt; holds for past participle verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have waited&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ends in &lt;strong&gt;-ado&lt;/strong&gt; because you're using past participle. To use &lt;strong&gt;esperaba&lt;/strong&gt; we put&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I waited&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which also translates to &quot;yo esperé,&quot; it all depends of the context so won't know whether it is &quot;esperaba&quot; or &quot;esperé&quot; if you don't know what the context is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was waiting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is past continuous which means &lt;strong&gt;yo estaba esperando&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;yo estuve esperando&lt;/strong&gt;, but not &lt;strong&gt;yo fui esperando&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;yo era esperando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He did it everyday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that's &lt;strong&gt;lo hacía todos los días&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;lo hizo todos los días&lt;/strong&gt;, but there's no &lt;strong&gt;-ido&lt;/strong&gt; here because the past participle for &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; in spanish is &lt;strong&gt;hecho&lt;/strong&gt;. Hence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He has done it everyday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates to &lt;strong&gt;lo ha hecho todos los días&lt;/strong&gt;, which is in past participle and there's no &lt;strong&gt;-ido&lt;/strong&gt;, so this is a particular case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T15:25:28.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12685" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-13T21:14:58.597" Score="4" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;In American English we use the idiom &quot;only on days that end in 'y'&quot; to playfully dismiss accusations of over-indulgence. The typical joke is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[wife]: &quot;You spend too much time fishing!&quot;&#xA;[husband]: &quot;I only fish on days that end in 'y'!&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The juxtaposition of 'only' with &quot;days that end in 'y'&quot; (which is all of them in English) creates a humorous contrast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a similar idiom in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9021" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T15:14:52.313" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T10:39:50.213" Title="Idiomatic translation of &quot;only on days that end in 'y'&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-13T22:42:33.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's such thing in spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The joke in english language follows nicely because each week day ends in &quot;y.&quot;&#xA;However, in spanish language we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves y viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so the joke in this case could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;solo pesco en días que terminen en &quot;s.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't apply to &lt;strong&gt;sábado&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;domingo&lt;/strong&gt;, because of its terminations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T22:42:33.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-13T22:59:09.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para terminar &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12686/1674&quot;&gt;el chiste de Ustanak&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo pesco en días que terminen en s: lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes y feriados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(OK, la frase es muy larga y la verdad no creo que nadie se ría).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T10:39:50.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-14T02:44:19.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Irony is a very difficult thing to translate.  The irony in your example is in the fact that every day ends in 'y', in the English language that is.  To create a seamless true natural translation it's necessary to identify a commonality amongst all of the days or another entirely different scenario which has no association with time.  Spanish has a lot of Catholicism attached to it so it's very likely that a decent translation could be formed from something in that religious context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what happens every day in a Catholic lifestyle that is taken for granted?  And how can you keep the translation of such an event from being stereotypical? Anti-ethical?  Offensive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo pesco en los días que yo coma una tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used the subjunctive to make it as if eating one might be unlikely, which is unlikely in itself.  Tortillas are a daily thing from my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo me tomo cúando respiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The irony is that I breathe all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You really have to pick your poison when it comes to translating irony.  There is always that possibility of actually saying something that is indeed offensive, or embarrassing, or outright stupid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T18:19:01.013" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T18:19:01.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12689" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12691" CreationDate="2015-05-14T03:20:39.103" Score="5" ViewCount="108606" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Hola! ¿Qué más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Qué bacán, &lt;strong&gt;parcero&lt;/strong&gt;, gracielas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me dijo que llamar a alguien &lt;em&gt;parcero/a&lt;/em&gt; es un insulto en Colombia. ¿Por qué es así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:53.783" Title="¿Es la palabra &quot;parcero/a&quot; un insulto en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2015-05-14T03:49:26.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un insulto como tal, más bien es una manera informal de referirse a alguien (conocido o desconocido). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, parcero sería el equivalente del Inglés &lt;code&gt;homie&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T14:27:05.067" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T14:27:05.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-14T16:02:51.260" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propondría &quot;un día sí y otro también&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T16:02:51.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-14T16:41:21.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo parecido en México se usa:&#xA;&quot;Pesco los lunes que caen entre semana&quot;&#xA;Todos los lunes están entre semana&#xA;&quot;Pesco solo los sábados que caen en fin de semana&quot;&#xA;Todos los sábados están en fin de semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T16:41:21.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2015-05-14T17:12:03.767" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no es un insulto sino una forma cordial de referirse a un amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el interesante diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;Usos, desusos y abusos del español hablado en Bogotá&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parcero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amigo entrañable. La expresión se deriva del vocablo portugués&#xA;  parceiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, en efecto, mirando en el diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ptes/parceiro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference portugués-español&lt;/a&gt;, nos encontramos con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gran diccionario español-portugués português-espanhol © 2001&#xA;  Espasa-Calpe:&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;parceiro, a [paR'sejɾu, ɾa]   I adj igual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II m, ƒ &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;compañero m, -a ƒ. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(sócio) socio m, -a ƒ&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y usando información de primera mano proviniente del usuario colombiano &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/11102/dgaleano&quot;&gt;DGaleano&lt;/a&gt; que amablemente deja en los comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En realidad más que sinónimo del inglés &lt;em&gt;homie&lt;/em&gt; es más similar a &lt;strong&gt;bro&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;like in brother&lt;/em&gt;) que es más familiar. Parcero no es un insulto pero&#xA;  nunca debe usarse en situaciones formales o con personas con las que&#xA;  no se tenga cierta familiaridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, también hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/Colombia/comments/4w3jo8/es_la_palabra_parceroa_un_insulto_en_colombia/d64akb3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quien indica que&lt;/a&gt; viene del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://bogotalogo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Parchar&amp;amp;action=edit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;parchar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que quiere decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartir un determinado tiempo junto a uno o varios individuos.&#xA;  Existe el serio peligro de confundir el significado de tal término con&#xA;  el del antioqueñismo parcharse, equivalente al rumbearse bogotano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:58:53.783" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:53.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12797" CreationDate="2015-05-14T18:15:27.537" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how would you translate the field of study &lt;em&gt;Personal care service&lt;/em&gt; to spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a database I have, one variable is &lt;em&gt;Field or subject with highest qualification&lt;/em&gt; and one possible category is &lt;em&gt;Personal care service&lt;/em&gt;. I'd like to translate it to spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other subjects are: &lt;em&gt;Humanities&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Technical and engineering&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Medical/health services/nursing etc.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Law and legal services&lt;/em&gt;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is said that I should do previous work to translate it. The fact is that I'm Spanish and completely understand the meaning of the concept, but don't know how it's said. I don't know what else could I do to investigate since literal translation doesn't work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8963" LastEditorUserId="8963" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T15:37:44.660" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T10:01:06.630" Title="How to translate &quot;Personal care service&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12695" CreationDate="2015-05-14T19:51:17.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am thinking in two possibilities. Inside Formación Profesional (Vocational School) types you can find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imagen personal (hairdressing, skincare, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Servicios socioculturales y a la comunidad (social workers, care provider, guides...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also what are the other fields? Are there general or concrete?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7207" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T19:51:17.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12695" CreationDate="2015-05-14T21:55:28.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the context. If you are meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For elderly people: (servicio de) auxiliar de geriatría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For sick people: (servicio de) auxiliar de enfermería.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In general: (servicio de) asistencia personal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8998" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T21:55:28.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-05-14T22:02:21.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy está mucho calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is incorrect in Spanish, however the correct way of writing it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy está haciendo mucho calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in a sentence like this it is inferred that the weather is making the heat, not the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T00:21:49.127" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T00:21:49.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12637" CreationDate="2015-05-14T22:27:10.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican-Spanish we have different words for those:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bottle of water: (keep in mind that once the bottle runs out of water it is now called a bottle or a &amp;quot;Botella&amp;quot; in spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;botella de agua&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ekZU7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bottle normally used for the purpose of carrying water (or any other liquid):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Termo&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/euDjs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as you can see each word implies different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T22:27:10.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12704" CreationDate="2015-05-15T01:26:42.520" Score="2" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;code&gt;una buena casa&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;una casa bien&lt;/code&gt; preferred when you want to write &quot;good house&quot;? What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;buen&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9030" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T19:23:16.847" Title="Adjective in &quot;buena casa&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12701" CreationDate="2015-05-15T02:46:26.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Una buena casa&lt;/code&gt; would be what you would call a &lt;strong&gt;superb&lt;/strong&gt; house; it's not just a good house, but rather a fine house, an indescribably great house.  You can spot this extremity in the every day phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenos días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, put shortly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buen día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Casa bien&lt;/code&gt; is not correct unless you want to use an adverb, &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt;, meaning very thorough, or well executed, or ironically well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una casa bien poblada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quite populated house / A bit populated of a house / A full house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;casa buena&lt;/code&gt; is the correct use, but it's just that... correct.  It's not anything special of a sentence now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The house is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benevolence of the word &lt;code&gt;buen&lt;/code&gt; is hidden behind grammar.  Normally adjectives go after the noun, but when you put them in front, translations get interesting and fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sort of like how when you ask someone how the food you cooked was to them and they reply with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's fine / It's Ok. / Food is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bien&lt;/code&gt; is not &lt;code&gt;buen&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T02:46:26.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12701" CreationDate="2015-05-15T05:10:55.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Una buena casa&lt;/code&gt;can have also another meaning as a good brand or good store. It's not very common on young people but in senior people sometimes when a brand or a store is trusted the expression &lt;code&gt;una buena casa&lt;/code&gt; is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Philips es una buena casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Philips is perceived as a brand which products are reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Electrodomésticos Pepito es una buena casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appliances shop Pepito is perceived as a good store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T05:10:55.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12701" CreationDate="2015-05-15T05:29:41.170" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bueno&lt;/code&gt; is an adjective, while &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt; is an adverb. You wouldn't say &lt;code&gt;una casa bien&lt;/code&gt; since adverbs don't modify nouns, even in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Una casa buena&lt;/code&gt; describes a house as being nice. &lt;code&gt;Una buena casa&lt;/code&gt; describes a nice house, but the emphasis is on the fact that it is nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that colloquially you could say, &lt;code&gt;La casa está bien buena&lt;/code&gt; since the adverb can be applied to the adjective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T05:29:41.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12695" CreationDate="2015-05-15T11:59:03.617" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of articles over the internet translate this as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Servicios de Atención Personal&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(PCS, por sus siglas en inglés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker this seems to me like a good translation for the general field of study. If you try to find a translation for a more specific branch of studies you will be in trouble because those terms can change quite a lot across many spanish speaking countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9035" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T11:59:03.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12716" CreationDate="2015-05-15T21:56:28.260" Score="9" ViewCount="8737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algo que me ha molestado desde que empecé a aprender español. He notado que a veces los adjetivos pueden usarse como adverbios. El ejemplo más prominente de este fenómeno es el uso de “junto” en esta manera. Cuando decimos “trabajaremos juntos,” no hay un sustantivo que el adjetivo “juntos” modifica, pero aún concuerda con el sujeto implícito de “nosotros.” Así, es definitivamente un adjetivo, pero aquí es definitivamente usado como adverbio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarmente, en &lt;em&gt;El jorobado de Notre Dame&lt;/em&gt; (la película de Disney), uno de los personajes dice “Beata María, tú sabes que hombre recto soy, que &lt;strong&gt;orgulloso lucho&lt;/strong&gt; contra el mal&quot; (&quot;Beata Maria, you know that I am a righteous man, that I &lt;strong&gt;fight proudly&lt;/strong&gt; against evil&quot;). Me parece que debe ser &quot;orgullosamente lucho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien explicarme este uso de adjetivos como adverbios? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Si contesta esta pregunta e identifica un error, por favor, no dude en decirme &lt;em&gt;como un comentario&lt;/em&gt;.)&#xA; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T15:52:47.480" LastActivityDate="2020-07-28T09:48:56.393" Title="¿Se pueden usar adjetivos como adverbios?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12715" CreationDate="2015-05-15T22:13:51.610" Score="2" ViewCount="663" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya sé que el subjuntivo se puede usar en oraciones principales con “todavía” o “quizás,” o cuando el verbo principal es “poder,” “querer” o “deber.” ¿Pero se puede usar el subjuntivo optativo o yusivo en oraciones principales? Por ejemplo: “¡Viva España!” o “corra el juicio como las aguas.” En uso ordinario, ¿se usa el subjuntivo así, sin “que” antes de la cláusula, con un significado optativo o yusivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="5286" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T23:13:14.490" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T02:57:20.537" Title="¿Puede usarse el subjuntivo optativo o yusivo en oraciones principales?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12653" CreationDate="2015-05-15T22:29:29.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A wooden knife cant cut, so it means that it would take a long time to kill someone with a wooden knife.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means that this is a constant issue with her kid, and while it wont kill her it is certainly annoying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just imagine yourself getting killed by a wooden knife, while it wont kill you, it will be very annoying while someone tries to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or a more precise example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20 min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kid is &lt;em&gt;acting up&lt;/em&gt; 20  min later...calms down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this situation you might want to yell &quot;STOP!&quot; and you would be very annoyed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T22:29:29.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12710" CreationDate="2015-05-15T23:17:52.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente el uso corriente es en oraciones subjuntivas. Sin embargo, en&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elsubjuntivo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El subjuntivo en Español&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar una explicación más extensa y con más matiz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo expresa una actitud de la persona con respecto a alguien&#xA;  o algo. Por lo general, necesita de otro verbo que determina el&#xA;  significado de esa actitud. Se utiliza con frecuencia en oraciones&#xA;  subordinadas que empiezan con la palabra QUE, pero no todas las&#xA;  oraciones con QUE necesitan del subjuntivo. &lt;strong&gt;Se utiliza también en la&#xA;  forma imperativa (excepto con tú afirmativo).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar un listado de usos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elsubjuntivo.com/usos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Cuáles son los usos del subjuntivo?&lt;/a&gt; de la misma página.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T23:17:52.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12645" CreationDate="2015-05-15T23:38:25.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What Diego explains is correct. &quot;Muy&quot; is equivalent to the English adverb &quot;very&quot;--both modify adjectives or other adverbs (&quot;Ella corre muy lentamente&quot; = &quot;She runs very slowly&quot;; &quot;Ella es muy tonta&quot; = &quot;She is very stupid&quot;; &quot;una chica muy popular&quot; = &quot;a very popular girl&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's not an error in the course, as you commented. Notice that &quot;buena&quot; here precedes the noun that it modifies, which is &quot;idea.&quot; In Spanish, the adjective usually follows the noun that it modifies. However, to give special emphasis, and especially with certain adjectives like &quot;bueno,&quot; simply changing the word order in this way is enough to heighten the meaning of the adjective. Such a change in word order cannot be directly translated into English, so it is simply translated as &quot;very.&quot; Similarly, &quot;un día terrible&quot; and &quot;un terrible día&quot; both mean &quot;a terrible day,&quot; but the second one is more dramatic. Thus, adding &quot;muy&quot; to &quot;buena idea,&quot; when the word order already conveys some degree of emphasis, is not absolutely necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: You also might be interested in Kent Anderson's and dockeryz's answer to this recently asked question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12701/adjective-in-buena-casa&quot;&gt;Adjective in &amp;quot;buena casa&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T14:59:34.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12710" CreationDate="2015-05-15T23:57:05.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí y en castellano se llama el subjuntivo &lt;em&gt;exhortativo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día es menos común que antes porque se suele usar introducido con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;. En estos casos, hay una cláusula principal implícita, haciendo de la con el subjuntivo una cláusula subordinada. Pero no hay ninguna razón de no usarlo propiamente en la cláusula ordinal, solo que puede sonar un poco anticuado a menos que sea para usar como un imperativo con Vd./Vds./nosotros/nosotras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-16T02:57:20.537" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T02:57:20.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12709" CreationDate="2015-05-16T01:37:28.390" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay al menos tres casos en los que un adjetivo &quot;acompaña&quot; a un verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_predicativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;complemento predicativo subjetivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: El adjetivo actúa al mismo tiempo sobre el verbo y sobre un sustantivo con el que concuerda en género y número. Por ejemplo,  &lt;em&gt;María volvió cansada&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, &quot;cansada&quot; cumple la función gramatical de &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt;. (De este tipo son las oraciones que indicas: &lt;em&gt;Yo lucho orgulloso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;nosotros trabajaremos juntos&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo como &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atributo_%28gram%C3%A1tica%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;atributo o predicado nominal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: En estos casos el adjetivo muestra una cualidad del sustantivo por medio de un verbo &quot;copulativo&quot;, normalmente el verbo &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Sus ojos son hermosos&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, &quot;hermosos&quot; cumple la función gramatical de &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Adverbios%20adjetivales%20o%20cortos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adverbios adjetivales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Adjetivos que indican una cualidad, pero no del sustantivo sino de la acción. Entonces, al tratarse de palabras que modifican al verbo, son &lt;strong&gt;invariables&lt;/strong&gt; y se inmovilizan en la primera persona singular masculina. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Ellas corren rápido&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso &quot;rápido&quot; cumple la función gramatical de &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt;. En muchos casos se pueden formar quitando la terminación &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; a un adverbio de modo (&lt;em&gt;rápidamente&lt;/em&gt; pasa a &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt;). Pero hay casos en los que no se puede explicar de esa manera (p.ej. &lt;em&gt;cocina sabroso&lt;/em&gt; no deriva de &lt;em&gt;sabrosamente&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos estos casos son frecuentes. Los hablantes nativos no consideramos que se esté rompiendo una regla, al contrario, son procedimientos sintácticos disponibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T12:20:56.737" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T12:20:56.737" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12709" CreationDate="2015-05-16T01:39:56.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que casi contestas tú mismo a tu pregunta con este ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]  que orgulloso lucho contra el mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando dices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que debe ser &amp;quot;orgullosa&lt;strong&gt;mente&lt;/strong&gt; lucho.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien sabes los adverbios definen a adjetivos, verbos u otros adverbios y sí, &amp;quot;orgulloso&amp;quot; es adjetivo y &amp;quot;orgullosamente&amp;quot; es adverbio. Se pueden formar adverbios a partir de un adjetivo añadiendo el sufijo &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;. Cuando usamos dos adverbios terminados en &amp;quot;mente&amp;quot; seguidos sólo usamos el sufijo al final del último adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo explicó clara y eficazmente (no claramente y eficazmente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo terminó limpia y rápidamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendió rápida, cómoda y eficazmente a programar con ese libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas otras excepciones en que el adjetivo puede funcionar como adverbio, de manera similar a cómo hemos quitado el sufijo &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; en el ejemplo anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se marchó rápido de allí (Se marchó &lt;em&gt;rápidamente&lt;/em&gt; de allí)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lucho orgulloso contra el mal (Lucho de manera orgullosa / orgullosamente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajaremos juntos (trabajaremos &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt;junta&lt;strong&gt;mente&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último tenía un poco de truco, porque añade también un prefijo al formar el adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No siempre se puede usar el adjetivo como adverbio, y cuando se hace a veces conduce a confusión por la ambigüedad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preparó el coche rápido para su viaje&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere esto decir que preparó el coche &lt;em&gt;rápidamente&lt;/em&gt;? O que tenía varios coches (uno &amp;quot;lento&amp;quot; y otro &amp;quot;rápido&amp;quot;) y preparó el rápido para el viaje?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único ejemplo que me venía ahora a la cabeza es el de rápido/rápidamente. Si encuentro una lista de casos en los que el adjetivo puede funcionar como adverbio actualizaré este post. Pero básicamente, puede hacerse y se hace sobre todo para no recargar el uso de &amp;quot;mente&amp;quot; en la construcción de esos adverbios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T01:39:56.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-16T03:34:44.593" Score="0" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the saying CON VALOR mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am translating a title of a report and the client wants to emphasize corporate core values:&#xA;el título refiere a Valor económico, Valor de valores corporativos, Valor coraje, tiene varios significados, se hizo así adrede.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9040" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T01:27:48.150" Title="What does the saying CON VALOR mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12718" CreationDate="2015-05-16T04:48:25.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It literally means &quot;with value&quot; but the &quot;valores&quot; you're writing about aren't value of the monetary kind but values as in principles, like family values. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9041" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T04:48:25.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12724" CreationDate="2015-05-16T11:25:41.683" Score="7" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across &lt;strong&gt;fichero&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;archivo&lt;/strong&gt; although the latter seems more ubiquitous. Is there any difference in usage? Or is it just a matter of personal preference? Also, if &lt;strong&gt;archivo&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;file&lt;/em&gt;, what's the Spanish for the actual &lt;em&gt;archive&lt;/em&gt; folder as found in many email accounts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-07-26T08:32:38.093" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T08:32:38.093" Title="Spanish for &quot;file&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12721" CreationDate="2015-05-16T12:12:58.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;fichero&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;archivo&lt;/em&gt; are the most commonly used words for file. Sometimes &lt;em&gt;el dossier&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;el dosier&lt;/em&gt; is used (obviously from the same French word from which &quot;dossier&quot; in English came).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;archive&quot; folder would just be called, as far as I know, &lt;em&gt;el archivo (de correo electrónico)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T12:12:58.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12721" CreationDate="2015-05-16T13:08:01.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with many computing terms, &lt;em&gt;fichero&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;archivo&lt;/em&gt; competed against each other for dominance, and at this point it's pretty clear that &lt;em&gt;archivo&lt;/em&gt; will be the victor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In computing contexts, you should use &lt;em&gt;archivo&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;file&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For archives in the long term, out-of-the-way sense, &lt;em&gt;archivo&lt;/em&gt; (with its verb &lt;em&gt;archivar&lt;/em&gt;) are also used. There's not much confusion generated by the overlap of terms especially when you can use the verb form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other files (like police/academic/medical), in my experience, the most common term is &lt;em&gt;expediente&lt;/em&gt;. As &lt;em&gt;aprendedor&lt;/em&gt; notes, you can also hear &lt;em&gt;dossier&lt;/em&gt; (with double S per the DRAE), though that can also be used for a report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T13:08:01.607" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12721" CreationDate="2015-05-16T15:43:44.020" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fichero&lt;/strong&gt; is more common in Europe (Spain) while &lt;strong&gt;Archivo&lt;/strong&gt; is common in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you use &lt;strong&gt;Archivo&lt;/strong&gt;, based on these definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Archivo:&lt;/strong&gt; A group of well-organized documents managed by a person or enterprise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fichero:&lt;/strong&gt; Is a furniture to keep organized documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in IT, both have the same meaning which is a collection of information stored somewhere (devices, memory, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Spaniards use &lt;strong&gt;fichero&lt;/strong&gt; because in the past they stored their documents in cabinets but for Latin Americans it was not limited to cabinets. It's is also related to the way you organize your documents in a cabinet, binder or folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of &lt;strong&gt;archive folder&lt;/strong&gt; in emails it's a little bit different because for Latin America it is used as an adjective &lt;strong&gt;Archivado&lt;/strong&gt; (singular) o &lt;strong&gt;Archivados&lt;/strong&gt; (plural). This means to keep your files, documents or emails &lt;strong&gt;away from your current ones&lt;/strong&gt; for a later search. The same intention as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-26T03:46:38.163" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T03:46:38.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12740" CreationDate="2015-05-16T22:25:18.693" Score="0" ViewCount="4980" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¡Hola, amiwoo! Kiuvas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡De perlas! ¿Qué haciendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Viendo una peli y ¿tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¡A wi wi! Escuchando a Maná.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber en que parte de México se usa la expresión &lt;code&gt;a wi wi&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;y si es un modismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T11:21:26.420" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T18:47:02.797" Title="¿En qué parte de México se usa expresión &quot;a wi wi&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12730" CreationDate="2015-05-17T00:23:56.203" Score="1" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeseterday I was asked if I spoke enough Spanish to go to the cinema and watch a film in Spanish. What I wanted to say was 'I speak enough to be worth going', so I went for 'Hablo suficiente para valer la pena ir', but this didn't make very much sense to my Colombian friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain why it doesn't make sense to do say this, and what I should do instead?&#xA;I know I could rephrase it quite easily to 'Hablo suficiente, vale la pena ir' or something similar, but I wanted to use it in infinitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9024" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T21:52:25.553" Title="'Vale la pena' in infinitive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12643" CreationDate="2015-05-17T00:37:10.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que sé, esta expresión sí es universal come un modismo muy común. La expresión se deriva del sustantivo &quot;perla&quot;, que significa &quot;pearl&quot; en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona 1: ¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona 2: Todo de perlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, esta expresión significa que la situación está tan buena que todo que está ocurriendo es como perlas (porque las perlas son avocados con la riqueza y una situación cómoda). Similarmente, cuando se dice &quot;me viene de perlas&quot; significa &quot;it was a godsend&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T15:00:49.073" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T15:00:49.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12727" CreationDate="2015-05-17T03:21:16.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason you can't say what you did is because infinitives in the construction you gave usually have an implicit subject&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and for many speakers, you need subordinate it in order for it to make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;em&gt;aprendedor&lt;/em&gt; mentioned, you need to add on &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;suficiente&lt;/em&gt; to nominalize it.  But then we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo hablo lo suficiente para valer la pena ir.&#xA;       ^ explicit YO          ^ implicit YO&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because after the &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; there is nothing to clearly indicate a change of subject, the interpretation is that you speak enough in order to be worth the trouble.  As in, &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; are worth the trouble.  Then the &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; shows up and it seems to float needlessly.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;em&gt;Theroetically&lt;/em&gt; it could be an infinitival subject, but I can't think of a single Spanish speaker who would interpret it as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest fix is to go to the subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo hablo lo suficiente para que valga la pena ir.&#xA;       ^explicit YO          ^    ^            ^aha! We have our subject&#xA;                             |    |&#xA;                             |    still ambiguous (yo/él/ella/ello/Vd)&#xA;                             |&#xA;                             alerting potential change in subject&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you want to use the infinitive form of &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;, but because of the way that verb works and what you want to say, there's really no way you can use the infinitive and be easily understood unless you wanted to cheat by using periphrasis, but the same issues apply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo lo suficiente para que vaya a valer la pena ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Contrary to popular belief, infinitives don't have to be impersonal and &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; take subjects.  They are merely invariable in form (cf. Portuguese which in similar circumstances uses the personal infinitive that inflects only for person but not tense).  For example, &lt;em&gt;para beberla él, la bebida tiene que llevar alcohol&lt;/em&gt;.  Note that some speakers may consider this ungrammatical, but it is described in the RAE's Gramática.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2.  This is the same in English, though we construct these clauses differently.  Compare &lt;em&gt;I speak enough &lt;strong&gt;for it&lt;/strong&gt; to be worthwhile/worth it&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;I speak enough to be worthwhile/worth it&lt;/em&gt;.  When you tack on the extra &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, it's like in English saying &lt;em&gt;I speak enough to be worth it to go&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-17T03:40:47.920" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T03:40:47.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12727" CreationDate="2015-05-17T03:21:52.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a bit complicated to treat in infinitive because &lt;strong&gt;valer&lt;/strong&gt; is not used in this case with its infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, in spanish we say &lt;strong&gt;para que valga la pena&lt;/strong&gt;. So the way you could rephrase it, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo suficiente para que &lt;strong&gt;valga&lt;/strong&gt; la pena ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you can put &lt;strong&gt;lo suficientemente&lt;/strong&gt; but it's not strongly necessary since you are already talking about the subject, which is spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente para que &lt;strong&gt;valga&lt;/strong&gt; la pena ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will be perfectly understood by your friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-05-17T21:52:25.553" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T21:52:25.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12735" CreationDate="2015-05-17T12:06:19.457" Score="1" ViewCount="14945" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify the meanings of these expressions and the functions of 'ir'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Cómo te vas?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose this is the reflexive form 'irse' and it means &quot;how you leave&quot; or &quot;how you go&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Cómo te va?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard this is equivalent with &quot;Cómo te va la vida a ti&quot;, however not sure of the function of 'ir' here. It seems 'ir' has a meaning of 'cause an effect' such as &quot;What has the life done to you&quot;, but not sure. Checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; but there seems to be no such meaning explicitly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also when I was in hospital in Colombia, a doctor asked &quot;¿Cómo va?&quot; after a while when he gave me an injection. I suppose he asked &quot;How is the treatment working?&quot; or &quot;How did the medicine work?&quot;. Is it correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest what is the function of 'ir' here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Cómo se va?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it equivalent with '¿Cómo se va la vida a usted?', as well as '¿Cómo se va (para el estación)?' asking how to get to somewhere depending on the contexts? Can I say &quot;¿Dónde se va esta calle?&quot; to ask &quot;Where does this road lead to&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest what is the function of 'ir' here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T21:07:37.743" LastActivityDate="2020-09-14T03:52:05.593" Title="¿Cómo te vas?, ¿Cómo te va?, ¿Cómo se va?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12741" CreationDate="2015-05-17T12:27:58.743" Score="1" ViewCount="524" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Objective&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clarify the difference (if any) and usages of &quot;Pasar a ser&quot; and &quot;Convertirse en&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;X turned into Y&quot; or &quot;X is transformed into Y&quot;, such as &quot;Chucky becomes a murderous doll&quot;, do are they both correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chuckey pasa de ser un muñeca normal a ser un muñeca asesino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chuckey se convierte en un muñeca asesino de un muñeca normal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T04:09:42.047" Title="Pasar a ser / Convertirse en" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12733" CreationDate="2015-05-17T15:44:03.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference in the meaning. The only difference I can think of is user preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One might think that &lt;strong&gt;&quot;convertir&quot; (become/transform)&lt;/strong&gt; has a more negative connotation than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pasar a ser&quot; (turn into)&lt;/strong&gt; because one has an active form and the other has a passive form. It would mean that the one who &quot;actively&quot; transforms is worse that the one who is turned (by ...) into something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;pasar a ser&quot; (for short &quot;pasar a/de&quot; is more used to talk about impersonal phenomena when you want to specify the values.&#xA;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En verano, la temperatura promedio pasa de 15°C a 25°C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi cuenta de banco pasa de 400 dólares a 10000 dólares gracias al bono.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T15:44:03.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12732" CreationDate="2015-05-17T15:59:16.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo vas?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly the thing you say.&#xA;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A- Me voy a Colombia&#xA;B- ¿Cómo vas?&#xA;A- En avión&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo te va?/¿Cómo va?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're also on a good trend here. However, it's way more general. I would summarize its use as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1)&quot;How do you feel (about something that's happening NOW)?&quot;&#xA;2)&quot;How do you do?&quot; &quot;What's up?&quot; &quot;How is it hanging?&quot; &#xA;3)&quot;How are things going for you?&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why your doctor asked &quot;¿cómo va?&quot; and he didn't asked &quot;¿Crees que la inyección está surgiendo efecto?&quot;. It's shorter, friendlier, you name it.&#xA;For the second use you can use it as formal &quot;¿Cómo le va?&quot; (notice Ud. pronoun) or informal as you want. Since informal is very different you have to pick your &quot;Hello world&quot; choice as you do with english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that in English you don't have a &quot;subject&quot; responsible of the way you do. So, it's the same in Spanish. This might be a problem sometimes when the subject/object is not specified. Sometimes you have to ask &quot;Cómo va qué cosa?&quot; in order to know what the asker is referring to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se va?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not for the &lt;em&gt;Ud.&lt;/em&gt; pronoun. It's equivalent to &quot;How could I/we/anyone go there?&quot;&#xA;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A- Tengo que ir a Calle 5 y Avenida 3, ¿sabés cómo se va? (also &quot;sabes tú como ir?&quot;)&#xA;B- Si, tienes que tomar el bus X hasta Avenida 3 y Calle 4. Luego, caminar hasta calle 5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-25T02:49:58.980" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:49:58.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12727" CreationDate="2015-05-17T16:17:35.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would add &quot;como&quot; to the answers given for it to be more commonly used expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; para que &lt;strong&gt;valga&lt;/strong&gt; la pena ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find &quot;para que vaya a valer la pena ir&quot; too complicated for normal use, although is perfect grammar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, I would short the sentence even more if I were speaking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; para ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, just an advice, try to avoid infinitive constructions in subjuntive mode. We have another mode because we use it in such a way that infinitive verbs don't usually fit in there. They produce akward feelings in the receptor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T16:17:35.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12685" CreationDate="2015-05-17T16:30:47.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En argentina (desconozco otros lugares) se usa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...de lunes a lunes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not funny/ironic &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; and I don't know if it can solve your problem but if you want to even approach to be funny you have to be way shorter than the other examples. The dialogue would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A- Pescas todos los días&#xA;B- No...sólo de lunes a lunes.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T16:30:47.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12733" CreationDate="2015-05-17T21:50:51.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see no substantial difference.&#xA;The only stuff I'd add, are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chuky pasa de ser &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; muñeco normal a un muñeco asesino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chuky se convierte en un muñeco normal a un muñeco asesino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the following sentence exceeds this usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chuky pasa de ser un muñeco normal a &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; un muñeco asesino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no need to use &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; twice since you already mentioned before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-05-17T23:46:48.977" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T23:46:48.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12732" CreationDate="2015-05-17T22:09:11.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo va?&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo te va?&lt;/strong&gt; are very used in Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally there's not big difference between those. The first one is used for people who just are not used to communicating by using the proper pronoun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt;, it's commonly used for &amp;quot;progress,&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cómo te está yendo, cómo te ha ido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you have a continuous and past participle way to express to other person how is he/she doing with her/his stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;cómo se va&lt;/strong&gt;, this applies in very particular cases like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿cómo se va a su casa? (where refering to &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; stands for &amp;quot;ir.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como se le va la vida a esa persona (where &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; stands for &amp;quot;progress.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡cómo se te va a ocurrir! (where &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; stands for the &lt;strong&gt;idea&lt;/strong&gt; you're about to say and not like you were explicitly going somewhere.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:58:11.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12726" CreationDate="2015-05-17T23:45:09.080" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;a wi wi&lt;/code&gt; es una deformación de &lt;code&gt;a huevo&lt;/code&gt;, que si lo tradujeramos a algo formal sería: &lt;code&gt;por supuesto&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;claro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;obviamente&lt;/code&gt;, entre otros similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que se usa en un ámbito completamente informal y básicamente en situaciones donde existe camaradería. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo que mencionas, no veo mucho sentido al uso de dicha expresión, sin embargo, en conversaciones tan informales y con tanto coloquialismo es normal que se mezclen expresiones que carezcan efectivamente de significado, sin embargo, dichas expresiones no impiden que el mensaje sea entendible(por lo menos entre mexicanos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi entender, &lt;code&gt;a wi wi&lt;/code&gt;, es una expresión conocida en prácticamente todo México, sin llegar a ser muy común su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T23:45:09.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12733" CreationDate="2015-05-18T10:44:38.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;pasar a ser&quot; is used when you specify the previous and the new status (chuckey pasa de ser un muñeco normal a un muñeco asesino) while &quot;convertirse en&quot; is used when the initial status is implicit or unknown (Chuckey se convierte en un muñeco asesino, you may assume that it was a plain doll). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second phrase is not correct, but I can't tell you why, the correct phrase would be &quot;Chuckey se convierte en un muñeco asesino cuando era un muñeco normal&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T10:44:38.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12742" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12743" CreationDate="2015-05-18T13:11:27.200" Score="8" ViewCount="9318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering the following dialog, what does &lt;em&gt;pero de corazón&lt;/em&gt; mean here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Soy de España, claramente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;: Yo soy de España &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pero de corazón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm very new to Spanish so when I found all the words in the dictionary, I ended up with &quot;&lt;em&gt;but from heart&lt;/em&gt;&quot; so my first thought was &quot;&lt;em&gt;I'm from Spain too but from the heart of it&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. But now it seems doubtful to me that you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; like that in Spanish because I couldn't find any similar examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So on second thought, I think it should be something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;to tell you the truth&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because I found &quot;&lt;em&gt;de corazón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in the dictionary and it says &quot;&lt;em&gt;sincerely&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. But I'm just guessing from the context and I might be wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what does &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mean then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9047" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T23:53:13.543" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T23:53:13.543" Title="Meaning of &quot;pero de corazón&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2015-05-18T13:26:10.263" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;de corazón&lt;/em&gt; can be interpreted differently, depending on which definition of &lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt; you use.  Per the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corazón:&lt;/strong&gt; […] &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Ánimo, valor, temple.  &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Buena voluntad.  […] &lt;strong&gt;6.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Centro de algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;em&gt;sincerely&lt;/em&gt; sense, you're really using the 4th definition (effectively: “But in good faith / by my goodwill”).  Based on a google search of &lt;em&gt;pero de corazón&lt;/em&gt;, this is generally the more common one (~85-90%), but in the sense we've discussed, it's more the 6th definition, “but at my core” (lit. &lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;cor&lt;/em&gt; which likely gave us English &lt;em&gt;core&lt;/em&gt; via French &lt;em&gt;cœur&lt;/em&gt;) or the 3rd definition “but in my spirit/soul/fortitude/substance”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contextually, though, it doesn't really make sense to say “I'm from Spain, but no really and truly I am”.  In this case, it means that they aren't actually from Spain, but that they feel Spanish enough to declare themselves from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English we use the expression &lt;em&gt;[adj] at heart / in spirit&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;I'm old, but young at heart&lt;/em&gt;. In your sentence, we might say in English &lt;em&gt;I'm Spanish, in spirit, at least&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-18T21:51:40.423" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T21:51:40.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2015-05-18T13:55:13.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But by heart&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am Spanish, but by heart&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we typically tend to use &lt;strong&gt;at heart&lt;/strong&gt; to express this.  Just as guifa worded it &lt;code&gt;aren't actually from Spain&lt;/code&gt;, that's the basic meaning / motif of the irony.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; means but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mind you that &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; has not changed meaning whatsoever as you suggested.  &lt;code&gt;De corazón&lt;/code&gt; is just cultural phrase in the Spanish language that means endearing.  Sometimes children are referred to as someone's heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi nena es mi corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't literally mean that the infant is the literal heart, it just means that the child is very close to the speaker of said sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say that you just loved to go to Australia.  In fact, you love to go so much that you spend a majority of your life there; you are basically Australian, but not literally.  So you would be Australian at heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T13:55:13.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3419" CreationDate="2015-05-18T14:02:22.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace mucho años en los 1900's   en ciudad de México se comenzó una practica para cobrar deudas, y esta consistía que cuando una persona debía dinero y no cumplía sus pagos había una agencia de cobranza que se caracterizaba por ridiculizar al deudor con el fin de evidenciarlo públicamente que debía dinero.  Entre las acciones que realizaba era contratar a un payaso que te siguiera por todo un día en todas tus actividades, a la iglesia, al café, en el tren, en un restaurante, etc, siempre estaría esa persona disfrazada de payaso a tu lado y se identificaba que eras un deudor moroso.  Esta situación se hizo muy famosa hasta en periódicos aparecía importantes personalidades del México de los 1900's con un payaso a lado.  Fue donde mucha gente comenzó a decir &quot;Ya le pusieron payaso&quot; o &quot;Ya se lo cargo el payaso&quot; para evitar el uso de la mala palabra &quot;Chin....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9049" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T14:02:22.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2015-05-18T15:02:53.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't fully agree with guifa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy de España, pero de corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me it's more like you are making more emphasys like wanting others to know how trully do you feel Spanish. It's like telling others &quot;Hey, I am not saying this just to cause you a good impressión, I am telling it becuase I really think/feel that way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T15:02:53.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-18T16:53:30.497" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;code&gt;Lila estaba interesada PERO no mucho&lt;/code&gt;¿Qué conjunta &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt;?:&#xA;¿dos atributos de ESTABA? o ¿dos oraciones, pero una con elipsis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9050" LastEditorUserId="8935" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T12:54:36.547" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T12:54:36.547" Title="¿Qué coordina este PERO?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12753" CreationDate="2015-05-18T21:39:44.090" Score="1" ViewCount="1031" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Yo más guapa!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the following conversation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: - ¡Toma, te quiero!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: - ¡Yo más guapa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I googled the phrase and it seems to be some kind of slogan. I'm not sure though whether it is somehow connected to what is meant here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9047" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T02:54:16.650" Title="Meaning of &quot;Yo más guapa&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2015-05-18T22:27:59.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native spanish here. It means that he is from Spain and he's really proud of it, he loves his country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9051" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T22:27:59.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12749" CreationDate="2015-05-19T02:53:41.103" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are missing a comma there. The phrase should be: &lt;em&gt;yo más, guapa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;guapa&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;good looking&lt;/em&gt; and it's a common way to affectionately address a woman in Spain. So the conversation goes more or less like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: - ¡I love you!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B: - ¡I love you more, gorgeous!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T02:53:41.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12749" CreationDate="2015-05-19T02:54:16.650" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it may need a comma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Yo más guapa! &lt;sub&gt; Me more, cuttie &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not an slogan, but a colloquial way of telling someone that you want or deserve or need something more than the other person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A:- No llego a fin de mes. Necesito otros 500 euros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B:- Yo también, guapa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that context &lt;code&gt;guapa&lt;/code&gt; is not a colloquial way to refer to somebody, but means literally &quot;beautiful&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A:- ¡Te quiero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: - ¡Yo (a tí) más, guapa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T02:54:16.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12748" CreationDate="2015-05-19T03:09:55.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pero&lt;/code&gt; es una conjunción adversativa que, de acuerdo a la RAE, sirve para &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;contraponer a un concepto otro diverso o ampliativo del anterior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el pero no coordina dos oraciones o cláusulas, ni conjunta &quot;atributos&quot; de &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Contrapone&lt;/strong&gt; dos conceptos (que no son ni siquiera partículas gramaticales del mismo tipo). Ese &lt;code&gt;pero&lt;/code&gt; sirve para &lt;em&gt;matizar&lt;/em&gt; el grado de interés de Lila. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;code&gt;pero&lt;/code&gt; en cuestión es una conjunción. Compara el uso de distintas conjunciones para matizar el grado de interés de Lila:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lila estaba interesada, &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt; no (lo estaba) mucho, en ir a la fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lila estaba interesada, &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; mucho, en ir a la fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T12:53:58.877" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T12:53:58.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12679" CreationDate="2015-05-19T13:51:35.313" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contacté con la RAE a través de su espléndida sección &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/departamento-de-espanol-al-dia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Español al día&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y he aquí lo que respondieron. No cito textualmente, pues solamente se me autoriza a utilizar parte del contenido de su respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español, cuando se introduce un sustantivo extranjero de referente&#xA;  inanimado, para el que nuestra lengua no cuenta con una traducción&#xA;  adecuada y en cuya lengua de origen el género no se manifiesta a&#xA;  través de la morfología, la asignación del género se ve condicionada&#xA;  fundamentalmente por dos aspectos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Su adaptación a la fonología española, en particular, de sus segmentos finales. Según este criterio, grosso modo, tomarían el&#xA;  género femenino las voces terminadas en -a (como la lasaña, la&#xA;  secuoya); el masculino, las terminadas en -o (el risotto); mientras&#xA;  que, en el resto de los casos, como en los sustantivos terminados en&#xA;  -e o en consonante, la asignación de género fluctuaría.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La adscripción a una determinada clase léxica. Así, los géneros musicales suelen ser masculinos (jazz, blues, soul, reggae, etc.), al&#xA;  igual que los deportes o los licores. A veces la asginación genérica&#xA;  depende del hiperónimo que se sobreentienda; así el cabernet sauvignon&#xA;  es un vino, mientras que la cabernet sauvignon es una variedad de uva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No existe, sin embargo, ninguna regla fija o infalible a este respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el hecho de que si la lengua original del extranjerismo tiene noción de género, indican que el género en castellano puede chocar con el criterio que se basa en usar la forma en que termina la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente mencionan que, en ocasiones, el género puede venir dado del nombre elidido: «la Bauhaus» -donde se sobreentiende la escuela Bauhaus- o «el Bauhaus».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde aquí, animo a esta sección de la RAE a vincularse a este foro para seguir enriqueciendo el conocimiento del castellano y su correcto uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T14:59:50.617" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T14:59:50.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-05-19T17:10:09.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering why 'presidente' and 'presidenta' seem to be now widely accepted forms, would require more than just quoting RAE's present definition of these terms or their historical usage in certain parts of the Ibero-American territories. Furthermore it can't be concluded, because it is not always a norm, that a generic noun which accepts both genders via 'El' and 'La', can be transformed into a feminine noun. A simple proof that this conclusion is flawed would be: &lt;em&gt;El/La/un/una Amante&lt;/em&gt;, but not &lt;em&gt;La Amanta&lt;/em&gt;, which would be totally incorrect. Therefore, such statement couldn't be considered a proper answer to the OP's original question. We see then that stating a fact (quoting RAE), doesn't explain the reasons for its existence. Such understanding would require a deeper analysis of the social frame, historical background and contemporary challenges we, as a whole (individuals, organisations and governments), have been facing due to strong movements for equality of gender, feminism and the democratisation of culture (Internet has only accelerated this process). As other fellows here have stated, the term 'presidenta' may have been in usage for a long, long time in certain social groups and Spanish-speaking places, however, one swallow doesn't make summer for all. Something has changed dramatically over the last decades: there have been global sociological changes, mass media intervention and access to cultural exchange on a massive scale, like never before. It can't be denied this reality has sponsored a lot of inconsistency in the usage of the Spanish language, over the last decades and at such a pace, that many, who wouldn't even qualify as elderly people, have been forced to accept (accepting doesn't mean agreeing) something that was embedded as wrong in their formative years. This is a tough exercise that unfortunately has become more frequent as years go by. I therefore would like to contribute to the explanation bringing up some of that analysis, so the person who asked this question doesn't just receive the 'RAE-says-so type of answer'. That simply doesn't explain why 'presidenta' is accepted nowadays. &lt;strong&gt;Let's have a different take:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I grew up in Santiago de Chile and Great Britain. I am a native Spanish speaker. Never in my childhood I was taught that neutral substantives could be masculine or feminine as well. They were either neutral or not, but not both, since something can't exist in two places at the same time. These inconsistencies were not practiced by well spoken people in Chile, and that has changed. Did this change due to media pressing for it? It is a clear representation of how, in the society we live in now, it would appear then to be OK to change ones mind about something, based on what is popular and not in what is common sense or consistent, which suggests we may be facing an era of absence of solid foundations and immutable principles, in which we change our minds for utilitarian reasons. More on these inconsistencies and mind flip-flopping can be read on the article from the New York Times:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/magazine/the-mind-of-a-flip-flopper.html?_r=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'The Mind of a Flip-Flopper'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; by Maggie Koerth-Baker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term 'lideresa', for instance, I found it quite used and accepted during the time I lived in Mexico, but it was not something you could get away with in Chile without someone giving you an awkward look. We see then it may be appropriate, or not, depending on the cultural environment. We mustn't forget here that there has been, and there are, massive influences in the language spoken in some countries, coming from third countries. The perfect example here is Chile and Mexico/Spain. Many Chilean politicians were in exile in Mexico/Spain, got infused with Mexicanism/Spanish-isms and brought these back to Chile, naturally influencing the media and their social circle. You can read about this on the following source: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VMNtQJOvNLkC&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Exiliados, emigrados y retornados. Chilenos en América y Europa, 1973-2004'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, del escritor José del Pozo Artigas ISBN: 956-284-498-6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An even stronger influence takes place from the hand of the Mexican tv series which every day get to be watched by the average Chilean, the latter inevitably ending up transculturalised day after day. These are also Governmental decisions because, even when the Chilean administration choose not to, they could perfectly enforce the transmission of material mainly spoken or dubbed by Chilean-based artists, just like Spain enforces the broadcasting of most of the foreign films (even if these are of another Spanish speaking country) dubbed in Spanish, Iberic accent. As we see, political decisions have a lot to do with the way we end up transforming, manifesting and experiencing our language and culture all over the world. It is important to understand such decisions are not a collective work and as such, unfortunately, are taken only by a few. You can read further about the boom of the Mexican series in Chile in the following source from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.foro.univision.com/t5/Comunidad-de-Telenovelas/El-Boom-de-las-Telenovelas-Mexicanas-en-Chile-DA/td-p/211062995&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Univision&lt;/a&gt;. For further understanding of the degree in which individuals get influenced by TV language and in what degree these individuals integrate these influences in their own vocabulary, please refer to the following article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://html.rincondelvago.com/la-influencia-de-un-medio-de-comunicacion_la-television.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;'La influencia de un medio de comunicación: la televisión'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which lists further references on its footer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'presidente de Argentina' (as 2015), herself, said she wanted to be addressed as 'presidenta'. Some did not agree, others didn't accept it, nevertheless the majority of the media got used to using the feminine form 'presidenta'; readers got used to reading it. This illustrates the degree of power an administration has over the official and public usage of a language, in the end affecting us all. Just as rulers through history have even changed the religion of a country in order to achieve their own agendas. Please do not misunderstand my mentioning of this inevitable consequence, a political view! 'La presidente de Chile', Michele Bachelet, through permanent and official communications, overriding the neutral/generic term still figuring in the Chilean constitution, which refers to 'Presidente', establishes her persona as 'La Presidenta de la República', which can be verified at the following source: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chileatiende.cl/servicios/ver/AA001&amp;#39;.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Contacte con La Presidenta'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good example of the social engineering facilitated by educational overrides and changes are ministerial mandates. Keep in mind education of languages at school are directed by/through ministerial resolutions, a task of the government in place. You and I, learnt to use the language as a combination of social interaction and school studies and both are imprinted in us forever. If the Ministry of Education wants you to refer to the 'president' as 'presidenta', include changes in the curriculum, modernisms, even remove certain previously accepted and taught matters, etc., you'll learn so at school, because teachers must comply with the government's educational resolutions. You can read further on how the educational curricula get periodically updated at the following sources provided, for instance, on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacion.gob.ec/actualizacion-curricular/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ecuadorian Ministry of Education&lt;/a&gt; or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://portal.educacion.gov.ar/consejo/el-consejo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Argentinian Federal Council for Education&lt;/a&gt;. To read more about new social engineering against what has been accepted as natural and correct, you can read the paper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanidad.com/michelle-bachelet-un-icono-del-feminismo-radical-al-frente-de-chile.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Michelle Bachelet, un icono del feminismo radical, al frente de Chile'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by José Ángel Gutiérrez, 2014.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you disagree with this, it is perfectly fine, but don't make of your disagreement a motive to post false statements or try to deny the undeniable. I am just providing true facts and not making a personal remark about how language is or should be learned, neither am I saying individuals in a society don't have free will or a personal choice at exercising their preferred way to speak. Government's educational curricula for language teaching, normally and in democracy, should not prevent society from self-determination when it comes to the act and ways of expression, however they do influence and you have read why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confident that whilst, to some, this came as a long post, it will be appreciated by some others. The levels of seriousness, importance and complexity of the reasons behind this matter required similar levels of dedication in answering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9048" LastEditorUserId="9048" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T16:52:04.850" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T16:52:04.850" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12762" CreationDate="2015-05-19T18:25:47.023" Score="1" ViewCount="3454" Body="&lt;p&gt;In French, when we pay cash for a meal at the restaurant, we use the expression &quot;c'est complet&quot; (lit. está completo) to signify that the difference between the price of the meal and the amount left in cash is intended as a tip for the waiter/waitress. It's considered more graceful/polite than explicitly saying &quot;I don't need change.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any Spanish equivalent to this expression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9061" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T00:06:53.800" Title="How to say &quot;I don't need change&quot; politely when paying a bill" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T08:17:49.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12760" CreationDate="2015-05-19T18:33:00.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The change&quot; in Spanish is &lt;code&gt;El cambio&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;la vuelta&lt;/code&gt;. You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede quedarse el cambio / Quédese con la vuelta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No necesito el cambio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T18:33:00.357" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12760" CreationDate="2015-05-19T19:14:17.287" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they ask you if you want your change back:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quédese con el cambio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;keep the change&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, if you are handing the money, before they say anything:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así está bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;this is okay&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;its inferred that you give them more money, and they can keep it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the more common ways I have seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T00:06:53.800" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T00:06:53.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2015-05-20T08:49:21.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Means that the person was not born in Spain or have spanish citizenship but he feels spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the doubt is between these two phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo soy español de corazón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo soy español, PERO de corazón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is spanish, and he's proud of it.&#xA;The second one is not spanish, BUT in his mind (or in his heart) he feels like he is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T08:49:21.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12721" CreationDate="2015-05-20T09:39:38.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in the IT world and some people use &quot;archivo&quot; and some use &quot;fichero&quot;. We understand both terms are used for files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The folder to archive mails is called &quot;archivo&quot;, and the real life term used in Spain is &quot;archivo&quot; as well, &quot;fichero&quot; is almost never used besides computer related stuff. As Maximus Decimus says, &quot;fichero&quot; is a furniture, while &quot;archivo&quot; is a concept. I can't really talk about the other spanish speaking countries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T09:39:38.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12768" CreationDate="2015-05-20T10:28:38.817" Score="1" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el verbo más apropiado para usar con el sustantivo &amp;quot;reflejo&amp;quot; (en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=b9wBCSWBiDXX2fNO1msx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significado número 7 de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me &lt;em&gt;provoca&lt;/em&gt; el reflejo vomitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me &lt;em&gt;causa&lt;/em&gt; el reflejo vomitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me &lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; el reflejo vomitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T19:43:17.187" Title="¿Qué verbo se usa con la palabra &quot;reflejo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12767" CreationDate="2015-05-20T10:42:55.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haciendo una búsqueda en Google obtenemos los siguientes resultados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;provocar el reflejo&lt;/em&gt; da 52 400 resultados, de los que todos los primeros tienen el sentido buscado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;causar el reflejo&lt;/em&gt; da 14 100 resultados, en algunos de los cuales la palabra &lt;em&gt;reflejo&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;reflejo óptico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;llamar el reflejo&lt;/em&gt; (expresión que no había oído antes) da 26 400 resultados, pero el verbo &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; siempre tiene el sentido de &lt;em&gt;denominar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lo que se ha dado en llamar el reflejo condicionado&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto coincide con mi propia experiencia como hispanohablante en España: es más habitual el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;provocar&lt;/em&gt; en este caso, aunque &lt;em&gt;causar&lt;/em&gt; tampoco sería incorrecto. En cambio, &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; no se usa con este sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T10:42:55.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:10:16.230" Score="3" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard the verb &lt;code&gt;rotar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rotarlo&lt;/code&gt; in contexts where neither rotate nor turn nor roll seems to make sense. &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; possibly, but I do not understand spanish well enough. I believe they where talking about people and their possibly dangerous actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not find additional meanings for this verb on the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there another use of &lt;code&gt;rotar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;rotarlo&lt;/code&gt; is Latin America besides what suggests mechanical circular motion? like something abstract? Or did I mishear or misunderstood some similar sounding word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9066" LastEditorUserId="9066" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T11:19:17.543" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T14:43:45.863" Title="Additional meaning of the verb &quot;rotar&quot; in Latin America?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:16:01.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has to so with circular motion, but also applies to the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rota el cuaderno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rota la tapa de la botella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;debes rotarlo para que funcione.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, &lt;strong&gt;rotar&lt;/strong&gt; stands also in spanish for &lt;strong&gt;giro&lt;/strong&gt; (turn), so there's no exceptional way to use these verbs whenever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T11:16:01.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:43:59.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a colloquial context you can also listen to &lt;code&gt;rotar&lt;/code&gt; meaning &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;to wish&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, at least in Spanish from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me rota, lo mismo me pongo a tocar el piano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I wish, I may start playing the piano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, it comes from the Catalan &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0120153&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;rodar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;2. Donar la gana&quot; -&gt; &quot;Dar la gana&quot; -&gt; &quot;to wish&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T14:53:56.067" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T14:53:56.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-20T13:23:19.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;strong&gt;rotar&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; related to the movement which is regularly &lt;strong&gt;to roll around one axis&lt;/strong&gt;. For example &lt;strong&gt;rotate&lt;/strong&gt; an image clockwise or counterwise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to our Royal Spanish Academy dictionnary it also means&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;to burp&lt;/strong&gt; but it's not common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another sense for &lt;strong&gt;rotar&lt;/strong&gt; in Latin America. It also means to shift work places or to swap tires in the same car or another. It's like &lt;strong&gt;exchange&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1: &lt;strong&gt;Yo roto las llantas de mi auto.&lt;/strong&gt; (I swap the tires of my car) In this case could be that I change places of each tire in order to avoid wastage from just one side of the tire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;En nuestra compañía rotamos horarios&lt;/strong&gt; (In our company we shift turns) In this case could be used as a work shifts. I work 4 hours on the same task then I rest 4 hours while a co-worker replaces me on the same task. This is also used in mining when people works 15 days and rest 15 days with their families. They have a &lt;strong&gt;rotation&lt;/strong&gt; schedule. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of &lt;strong&gt;rotarlo&lt;/strong&gt; according to your context could be &lt;strong&gt;change its(something) position or replace it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it would be useful if you can add the whole context for your word in order to give more suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T13:23:19.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3793" CreationDate="2015-05-20T16:29:38.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interestingly enough, in Honduras, Central America desprenderse is used to describe the action of a bag of garbage emitting a foul odour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1628" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T16:29:38.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-20T16:38:59.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Perú we use it colloquial to express the desire for sharing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rota el vaso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pass the glass (among a group of people using the&#xA;  same glass)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T16:38:59.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12767" CreationDate="2015-05-20T16:43:40.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo diría de la siguiente forma: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto me genera el reflejo vomitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;genera el reflejo&quot; tiene  1,460,000 resultados donde están incluidos los otros significados de la palabra, sin embargo, creo que una palabra polisémica puede utilizar el mismo verbo y el significado tomado dependerá más del contexto que del verbo que se uttilice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2476" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T16:43:40.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-20T20:06:40.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After hearing it in several conversations I figured out that it must mean &quot;beat&quot; or &quot;defeat&quot;, hence it was &quot;derrotar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9069" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T20:06:40.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12779" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12785" CreationDate="2015-05-21T00:25:35.897" Score="3" ViewCount="5964" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde hace algunos años se ha vuelto muy frecuente en Chile la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;se viene...&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, con el significado de &amp;quot;ya viene&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;se acerca&amp;quot;, sobre todo en publicidad y en el periodismo deportivo. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya se viene la Copa América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana se viene una lluvia de ofertas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos preguntas: ¿es un chilenismo o se usa también en otros países?, y ¿es gramaticalmente correcto usar el pronombre &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; en estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí personalmente me disgusta un poco al oído, pero no he podido verificar que esté bien o mal dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:43:35.740" Title="Uso del pronombre &quot;se&quot; en &quot;Se viene la Copa América&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12779" CreationDate="2015-05-21T02:02:04.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no es un chilenismo. Se puede encontrar en distintos medios de distintos países &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.emprendedores.es/gestion/noticias/marta-izquierdo-ig-markets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;se viene notando&quot;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/se+viene+diciendo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Esto &lt;strong&gt;se viene diciendo&lt;/strong&gt; desde hace varios años&quot;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/se+viene+haciendo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Esto se ha hecho así porque es como &lt;strong&gt;se viene haciendo&lt;/strong&gt; ya desde hace unos años&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese uso de &quot;Se viene la Copa América&quot; me parece que es como un intento de uso del &quot;se&quot; impersonal, pero creo que suena mal precisamente porque es innecesario o forzado el uso de una oración impersonal en ese caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llega la Copa América&lt;/em&gt;. (O &lt;em&gt;Viene la Copa América&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen el mismo significado que &quot;Se viene la Copa América&quot;, y no fuerzan el uso impersonal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque una oración impersonal se construye con el &quot;se&quot; + verbo en tercera persona del singular, este uso no casa con el &quot;se&quot; impersonal. Mientras que &quot;se viene haciendo&quot; o &quot;se viene notando&quot; son oraciones que carecen de sujeto gramatical, &quot;Se viene la Copa América&quot; o &quot;Se viene una lluvia de ofertas&quot; claramente tienen un sujeto gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, creo que ese uso particular es incorrecto, y debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya viene (o llega) la Copa América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana viene una lluvia de ofertas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:43:35.740" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:43:35.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12779" CreationDate="2015-05-21T02:49:14.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio, a mí no me suena raro, y sin duda no es un mero chilenismo.  Al buscar cosas como «me vengo al» o «nos venimos a la» en Google,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; es evidente que tras el mundo hispanohablante, abundan (bueno, existen) ejemplos del uso pronominal de &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;, sobre todo en Cataluña (pero allí, por influencia del catalán, se usa &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; mucho para significar &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;).  En los demás casos, tiene un significado de &lt;em&gt;llegar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE recoge dos acepciones pronominales en su &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;venir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;5.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;intr.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una persona: Llegar a conformarse, transigir o avenirse. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;27.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;prnl.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de algunas cosas: Perfeccionarse o constituirse en el estado que deben tener por medio de la fermentación. &lt;em&gt;Venirse el pan. Venirse el vino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la vigesimaséptima puede demostrar bien lo que se indica en la quinta (y otras, aunque esas no estén marcadas con uso pronominal). No es meramente llegar al estado final, sino que connota un poco el logro que era llegar.  Quizás intente yo enlazar esas demasiado (estoy en pleno modo poético hoy), pero en fin, creo que el significado es no solo &lt;em&gt;llegar&lt;/em&gt; (que sería &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; por sí solo), mas &lt;em&gt;llegar tras dificultad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;llegar en perfección&lt;/em&gt;.  No parece tan raro ello al considerar el efecto intensificador que pueden tener los pronombres reflexivos, como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;comerse (algo)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  El artículo es importante para evitar casos de promoción de pronombres átonos de otros verbos, como sería en el caso de &lt;em&gt;Me vengo a bañar&lt;/em&gt; (el &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; en este caso es propio del verbo &lt;em&gt;bañar&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;, pues es equivalente de &lt;em&gt;vengo con el propósito de bañarme&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:41:23.270" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:41:23.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12718" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:25:54.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;con valor means &quot;with values&quot;. That value can be economical or humanistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T11:25:54.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12779" CreationDate="2015-05-21T12:58:13.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un chilenismo, pero sí es usado en Chile de manera frecuente también para referirnos a las personas que no tuteamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; va a caer. (Cuando no tuteamos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; vas a caer. (En donde &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; va suprimido y reemplazado por &lt;strong&gt;&quot;te&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; porque podemos tutear al individuo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es muy usado para hacer referencia a una cosa o persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lastimó. (Referencia a la persona.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; quebró. (Referencia a un objeto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el uso del &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en escribir o decir &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se viene la Copa América&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, tiene como función referirse a la Copa América (enfatizando lo que viene), pero &lt;strong&gt;viene la Copa América&lt;/strong&gt; posee la misma entrega de información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso acá en Chile es muy común escuchar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se nos&lt;/strong&gt; viene la Copa América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En donde &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; enfatiza demasiado lo que se viene, en este caso, la Copa América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:36:25.833" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:36:25.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12779" CreationDate="2015-05-21T14:37:58.657" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es un chilenismo o se usa también en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen un fuerte uso popular en Argentina y Uruguay, y es utilizada también en Perú, México, Chile, etc. Esto indica que no es un chilenismo, sino una expresión que ha sido aceptada en el habla del pueblo latinomericano y utilizada principalmente cuando se quiere causar sensación, advertir o llamar la atención. Incluso artistas han ocupado este término tan popular, como el argentino Bersuit Vergarabat en su tema de 1998 llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/489288-tema-premonitorio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se Viene&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es gramaticalmente correcto usar el pronombre &quot;se&quot; en estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende de dónde estés hablando. &lt;em&gt;Donde fueres haz lo que vieres&lt;/em&gt;, dice el refrán. Para algunos, 'se viene...' podría ser nada más que un vulgarismo o un error gramatical. En España podrás comprobar que no es una expresión usada popularmente, y podría calificarse como incorrecta. En Hispanoamérica es aceptada, y por ende, no incorrecta para la mayoría. Podrás encontrar una infinidad de fuentes en Hispanoamérica en donde se utiliza la forma 'se viene...' pero no te será facil encontrarlas en España. Esto, &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;, es un indicativo de que sea una expresión correcta o no, dependiendo del grupo cultural y el contexto en el que te encuentres. Podría decirse que por su uso se la termina aceptando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Hispanoamérica, al revisar el contexto en el que se utiliza la expresión 'se viene...', se detecta que la intencionalidad está fuertemente ligada a un proceso que finalmente 'se deja o dejará caer o estallará' como una cosa/evento/circunstancia (que se acerca, que se aproxima). Esto guarda cierta relación, pero no con la misma utilidad y finalidad, con la dada en la fermentación de alimentos como la masa del pan o el vino, o incluso en el ámbito sexual/fisiológico, como se la entiende en España (dependiendo del contexto) cuando se dice 'se vino' o 'se viene'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrás verificar que la utilidad está comúnmente ligada a cosas/eventos/circunstancias que 'se dejarán caer' en las siguientes fuentes mediáticas (algunas de ellas son periódicos tradicionales):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clarin.com/deportes/tenis/Djokovic-Cilic-puede-venirse-explosiva_0_1340866104.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urgente24.com/225988-tormenta-en-el-bayern-y-se-viene-la-especialidad-espanola-la-contra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina 2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laqueseviene.com.ar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pantallazo.com.uy/auc.aspx?270143,756,0,,0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uruguay 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elobservador.com.uy/noticia/304952/se-viene-rugby-de-lujo-en-el-charrua/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uruguay 2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcomercio.pe/mundo/latinoamerica/venezuela-cabello-dice-que-se-viene-ataque-militar-eeuu-noticia-1796426&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perú&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://mtonline.cl/2015/04/se-viene-monomarca-de-motos-para-mujeres-en-chile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chile&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reconciliacioncolombia.com/historias/detalle/775/se-viene-el-festival-de-cine-de-los-derechos-humanos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Colombia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://actualidad.rt.com/opinion/salbuchi/view/47782-Latinoam%C3%A9rica-se-viene-una-%E2%80%9Cprimavera-arabe%E2%80%9D-para-aca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rusia&lt;/a&gt;. En este último caso se podría decir que hay gran probabilidad de que el artículo para &lt;em&gt;Russia Today&lt;/em&gt; haya sido escrito por un/una americano/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no así &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nationalgeographic.es/noticias/ciencia/espacio/gran-tormenta-solar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt;, en donde, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;National Geographic&lt;/em&gt; prefiere el uso de 'una tormenta llega a...' y no de 'se viene una tormenta'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podemos concluir que la forma &lt;strong&gt;'se viene...'&lt;/strong&gt; será correcta en el ámbito americano pero no en toda Iberoamérica. Por ende, no es seguro/recomendable utilizarla sabiendo que nos dirigimos, de manera universal, a la audiencia hispanoparlante. Aquí habría que preferir expresiones tales como 'se acerca...', 'viene...' o 'llega...'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9048" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:34:06.593" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:34:06.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-05-21T17:01:48.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to go beyond this specific question for presidente. &#xA;In spanish, &lt;code&gt;ente&lt;/code&gt; is a noun by itself, wich means &lt;strong&gt;entity&lt;/strong&gt;. The definition of both are obviously the same, &lt;em&gt;something that exists, real or in essence&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish, &lt;code&gt;ente&lt;/code&gt; is used to personify a verb, almost like a suffix (&lt;code&gt;ente&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ante&lt;/code&gt;): &lt;code&gt;Presidir&lt;/code&gt; (verb, to preside), so the person who presides is the &lt;code&gt;Presidente&lt;/code&gt;. Some other examples, &lt;code&gt;cantar&lt;/code&gt; (verb, sing) and &lt;code&gt;cantante&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cortar&lt;/code&gt; (verb, to cut) and &lt;code&gt;cortante&lt;/code&gt; (something with the ability to cut), &lt;code&gt;migrar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;migrante&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;representar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;representante&lt;/code&gt;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always this words are neutral, they aren't masculine nor feminine because they are refering to a person, and a person can be man or woman: &lt;code&gt;quien preside es presidente&lt;/code&gt; (the one who presides is the president).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now because of political reasons, &lt;code&gt;presidenta&lt;/code&gt; is accepted, but I don't think people would say &lt;code&gt;la cantanta&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;la inmigranta&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;una puerta muy resistenta&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T17:01:48.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-05-21T17:52:54.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, when it comes to languages, the answer to the question &amp;quot;Why?&amp;quot; is often quite simply &lt;em&gt;because&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, etymologically speaking, the nouns ending in &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt; are derived from the old active participle&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and that participle — and its modern adjective form — is invariable with respect to gender (but not number), by which we would expect the feminine form of every single &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt; noun to likewise be &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But language changes.  We generally say that a language &lt;em&gt;innovates&lt;/em&gt; when it comes up with a new way to distinguish two previously-conflated concepts.  Sometimes that innovation is universal across a language (every verb in Spanish forms the future with &lt;em&gt;infinitive + haber&lt;sub&gt;PRES.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) and sometimes it isn't (not every verb accepts the emphatic passive).  Sometimes the change occurs in one place, but not others (in English, the noun &lt;em&gt;lightning&lt;/em&gt;, derived from an irregular present participle of the verb &lt;em&gt;lighten&lt;/em&gt;, has developed into a verb unto itself to refer to the metereological events — but almost exclusively in the US and Canada.  Elsewhere, to say “it lightninged earlier” would sound quite odd indeed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a verb, &lt;em&gt;presidir&lt;/em&gt; need not bother with gender distinctions.  As an active participle, &lt;em&gt;presid&lt;sub&gt;(i)&lt;/sub&gt;ente&lt;/em&gt; need not bother with gender distinctions.  As an adjective, it is at least possible, but being generally accompanied by a noun, isn't hugely necessary.  But as a noun, it's quite possible that it could be used in contexts where there is no accompanying gender information, especially since it's a title, for example, &lt;em&gt;Amable Gómez Pérez, presidente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some point, someone decided that it would be relevant to include the gender information within the noun and innovated the form &lt;em&gt;presidenta&lt;/em&gt;.  We can find &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=NEJRAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA2-PA171-IA1&amp;amp;dq=%22presidenta%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=1fhbVe3CGsHusQXpm4HgCw&amp;amp;ved=0CFkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22presidenta%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;examples in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; dating back to 1589, and for it to be used by such a learned person, it would undoubtedly have been in popular use for some time before then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, it wouldn't be surprising if the change happened before Spanish branched off from Romance given the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Président, &lt;strong&gt;-ente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  Personne qui préside une compagnie, une assemblée, un tribunal, une cour, etc. pour diriger ses travaux et assurer l'ordre de ses délibérations. (Dictionaire de l'Académie Française)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;President &lt;strong&gt;presidenta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Persona que presideix (Diccionari de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presidente, &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, el/&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  Persona que dirixe una xunta, un gobiernu, una corporación. (Diccionariu de l'Academia de la Llingua Asturiana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presidente (femenino: &lt;strong&gt;presidenta&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;.  Persoa que preside un acto, un tribunal, unha asociación, unha empresa, o goberno dun país etc. (Diccionario da Real Academia Galega)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Portuguese femenine form, &lt;em&gt;presidenta&lt;/em&gt; is further recognized by the Academia Brasileira de Letras in its Dicionario Ortográfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say that it's wrong just because &lt;em&gt;amanta&lt;/em&gt; doesn't exist is being disingenous.  We have &lt;em&gt;infante&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;infanta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gigante&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;giganta&lt;/em&gt;, among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I said, some words didn't fully undergo the process, leaving some speakers with &lt;em&gt;presidente&lt;/em&gt; as the only form, and others having &lt;em&gt;presidenta&lt;/em&gt; is the standard feminine.  Hence, &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; are consider acceptable translations, just as translating &lt;em&gt;relampagueó&lt;/em&gt; could be &lt;em&gt;it lightened&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;it lightninged&lt;/em&gt;, depending on which English speaker you ask, and despite someone likely to complain regardless which you choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  To form the participle in modern day Spanish, use the endings &lt;em&gt;-ante&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; verbs), and &lt;em&gt;-iente&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-er/-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs).  If the verb is a stem changing &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verb, you'll need to do the second stem change, hence &lt;em&gt;durmiente&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;.  This form can only be used as an adjective in modern Spanish, and is roughly equivalent to English's &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form used as an adjective, that is to say.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2.  Also, to further the (then-)necessary distinction, for many titles, the feminine form meant the &lt;em&gt;wife of&lt;/em&gt;.  So &lt;em&gt;médica&lt;/em&gt; meant &lt;em&gt;wife of the doctor&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;infanta&lt;/em&gt; was &lt;em&gt;wife of the (non-crown) prince&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T17:52:54.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T17:58:55.863" Score="2" ViewCount="880" Body="&lt;p&gt;My wife told me that in Persian/Farsi, there are different words for &quot;uncle&quot;, &quot;aunt&quot;, &quot;grandfather&quot; and &quot;grandmother&quot; that indicate which side of the family they are from (father's brother, or mother's brother? etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything like that in Spanish? I think not (there's just &quot;tio&quot;, &quot;tia&quot;, &quot;abuelo&quot; and &quot;abuela&quot;), but would be happy to be proven wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently there is no common way to do this; how about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abuelopa&lt;/strong&gt; (father's father)&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Abueloma&lt;/strong&gt; (mother's father)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abuelapa&lt;/strong&gt; (father's mother)&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Abuelama&lt;/strong&gt; (mother's mother)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiopa&lt;/strong&gt; (father's brother)&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Tioma&lt;/strong&gt; (mother's brother)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiapa&lt;/strong&gt; (father's sister)&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Tiama&lt;/strong&gt; (mother's sister)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T05:11:42.250" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T05:11:42.250" Title="Is there a way to differentiate between uncles, aunts, grandparents?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12788" CreationDate="2015-05-21T18:16:26.013" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say &lt;code&gt;tío paterno&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tío materno&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is exactly what we do in English.. My paternal grandfather's name is James.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T18:16:26.013" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12701" CreationDate="2015-05-21T19:23:16.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the other answers but I would like to add something else: &quot;Bien&quot; can be used as an adjective in a few occasions (at least in Spain). It means &quot;affluent&quot; or &quot;high social position&quot;, or even &quot;snob&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;una casa bien&quot; means a wealthy home (not a house in this case). You can use it also to refer to people, &quot;niña bien&quot;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful when using it, though. It is mostly used as a despective concept, because it implies to be a bit &quot;snobbish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T19:23:16.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12767" CreationDate="2015-05-21T19:43:17.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que hayas captado bien el 7º significado de reflejo... Un reflejo es una reacción simple e instantánea, como el apartarse bruscamente cuando tocas algo que quema. Por esa razón, no están explicitados los distintos tipos de reflejos. Un &lt;em&gt;reflejo vomitivo&lt;/em&gt; es una construcción que no existe (al menos en España y en el ámbito normal, no sé si se usará en el ámbito médico). Opino que es más adecuado decir simplemente &lt;em&gt;vómito&lt;/em&gt; o, si acaso, &lt;em&gt;reacción de vómito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, para referirse a un reflejo, o un &lt;em&gt;acto reflejo&lt;/em&gt;, tal como apartarse al quemarse, lo más adecuado sería &lt;em&gt;generar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;provocar&lt;/em&gt;, aunque también &lt;em&gt;causar&lt;/em&gt; puede utilizarse. Respecto a &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;, nunca lo había oído, pero no descarto que se use en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T19:43:17.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12788" CreationDate="2015-05-21T20:44:36.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The common way would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tío paterno &lt;code&gt;(father's brother)&lt;/code&gt;, tío materno &lt;code&gt;(mother's brother)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tía paterna &lt;code&gt;(father's sister)&lt;/code&gt;, tía materna &lt;code&gt;(mother's sister)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abuelo paterno &lt;code&gt;(father's father)&lt;/code&gt;, abuelo materno &lt;code&gt;(mother's father)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abuela paterna &lt;code&gt;(father's mother)&lt;/code&gt;, abuela materna &lt;code&gt;(mother's mother)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be a bit more formal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tío por parte de mi padre &lt;code&gt;(father's brother)&lt;/code&gt;, tío por parte de mi madre &lt;code&gt;(mother's brother)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tía por parte de mi padre &lt;code&gt;(father's sister)&lt;/code&gt;, tía por parte de mi madre &lt;code&gt;(mother's sister)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abuelo por parte de mi padre &lt;code&gt;(father's father)&lt;/code&gt;, abuelo por parte de mi madre &lt;code&gt;(mother's father)&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abuela por parte de mi padre &lt;code&gt;(father's mother)&lt;/code&gt;, abuela por parte de mi madre &lt;code&gt;(mother's mother)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="7125" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T15:47:58.010" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T15:47:58.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12795" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12796" CreationDate="2015-05-22T00:47:29.780" Score="2" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the best translation for the aforementioned phrase in English? I have asked friends and they have trouble explaining the correct English translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9075" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T08:07:06.183" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T08:07:24.737" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;¿Quién se anima?&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12795" CreationDate="2015-05-22T02:25:39.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Who's up for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Who's in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any takers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T08:07:24.737" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T08:07:24.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12695" CreationDate="2015-05-22T10:01:06.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I finally came up with the translation &lt;strong&gt;Servicios Sociales&lt;/strong&gt;. I post here as an answer to let people give his point of view about this translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8963" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T10:01:06.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12828" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:33:09.280" Score="2" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando una manera de decir &quot;cheeky smile&quot;. En mi clase he usado la frase &quot;sonrisa descarada&quot; pero no se si hay alguna manera mejor de decirlo. En termino de dialectos, vivo en los Estados Unidos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also found &quot;sonrisa fresca&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T03:17:23.507" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:17:23.507" Title="Cómo decir &quot;Cheeky smile&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12798" CreationDate="2015-05-22T15:57:56.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi &lt;code&gt;cheeky&lt;/code&gt; significa mal intención.  Una &lt;code&gt;mala sonrisa&lt;/code&gt;.. una &lt;code&gt;sonrisa traviesa&lt;/code&gt;... una &lt;code&gt;sonrisa malvada&lt;/code&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T15:57:56.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12804" CreationDate="2015-05-22T21:59:33.400" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos programas españoles que he visto, a menudo se dice &quot;No tienes &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;No tiene &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; ir.&quot; He aprendido que las palabras &quot;por qué&quot;, &quot;dónde&quot;, etc. se usan para preguntas, pero me parece que en estas frases se usan para decir &quot;You don't have a reason&quot; y &quot;He doesn't have a place to go.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo funciona este empleo de &quot;por qué&quot; y &quot;dónde&quot;? ¿Siquiera lo estoy oyendo correctamente? :) Como oí esas frases en vez de verlas escritas, me gustaría saber si la ortografía tiene sentido. También querría saber si hay otros casos comunes en los cuales se usan los pronombres interrogativos así, y qué significados tienen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que me entiendan. ¡Gracias por su ayuda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9084" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T23:17:05.550" Title="Question word used as a noun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12801" CreationDate="2015-05-22T22:41:53.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por qué&lt;/em&gt;: usamos tilde y separamos ambas palabras cuando deseamos formular preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué viniste? ¿Por qué lo hiciste?, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque&lt;/em&gt;: es el que responde al por qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿por qué viniste? &lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt;: porque tengo ganas de verte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿por qué lo hiciste? &lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt;: porque estaba aburrido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt;: para tratar de especificar el lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Dónde&lt;/em&gt; estamos? ¿En &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; me debo sentar? ¿A &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; le llevaban?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt;: usado una vez especificado el lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La calle &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt; nací; La tierra por &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt; pisa; Las figuras pueden superponerse, de &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt; se deduce su igualdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si decimos &lt;em&gt;no tienes porque&lt;/em&gt;, estamos explicando lo que ya se preguntó. Escribiendo &lt;em&gt;no tienes por qué&lt;/em&gt; es lo que se conoce como &lt;em&gt;you don't have why to...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no tiene dónde ir&lt;/em&gt; va con tilde pues no se ha especificado el lugar. (No porque lleve un &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; implica la necesidad de la tilde, en realidad también podríamos tener &lt;em&gt;¿tiene dónde ir?&lt;/em&gt; y también se ve que el lugar no está especificado en la pregunta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T22:41:53.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12801" CreationDate="2015-05-22T22:47:22.453" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay 4 diferentes palabras:&#xA;Porqué / porque / por qué / por que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pueden sonar igual, pero cada una tiene un significado y uso diferente.&#xA;Aqui te dejo el link de la real academia española:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="7125" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T22:57:00.813" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T22:57:00.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12801" CreationDate="2015-05-22T23:17:05.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende un poco. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los interrogativos son pronombres (&lt;em&gt;qué, quién&lt;sub&gt;es&lt;/sub&gt;, cuál, cuánto&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), adjetivos (&lt;em&gt;cúyo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, hoy antiguo) y adverbios (&lt;em&gt;dónde y cuándo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que reemplazan algo desconocido o no revelado y son siempre tónicos: por eso se los tilda siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien dice algo como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tiene dónde ir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te preocupes, tengo dónde alojarme.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varias formas de entenderlo gramáticalmente, pero siempre se entiende igual.  Puede ser una elipsis, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;No tiene dónde &lt;sub&gt;(puede)&lt;/sub&gt; ir&lt;/em&gt;, o puede ser un infinitivo con sujeto implicado como &lt;em&gt;Tengo dónde alojarme&lt;sub&gt;1ST.SING.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces forman parte de cláusulas bastante largas, así que no pienses que solo aparecen al final de una frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi entrenadora me dijo qué era lo que necesitaba hacer para llegar a los JJ.OO.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota también la diferencia entre varias posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi entrenadora mi dijo qué hacía algo mejor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;My coach told me &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; I was doing something better&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi entrenadora mi dijo que hacía algo mejor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;My coach told me &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; I was doing something better&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi entrenadora mi dijo que hiciese&lt;sub&gt;/ra&lt;/sub&gt; algo mejor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;My coach told me &lt;strong&gt;to do&lt;/strong&gt; something better&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estas cláusulas, no se suele usar el modo subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu ejemplo con &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; es más complicado porque se puede entenderlo de dos formas que no son posibles de distinguir en el habla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tienes &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(pronombre interrogativo con preposición)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tienes &lt;em&gt;porqué&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(sustantivo masculino)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer ejemplo (con espacio) se sobreentiende una elipsis de algo.  &lt;em&gt;No tienes por qué [llamarme|hacerlo|entregarlas]&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero en el segundo (sin espacio), hay un sustantivo que equivale «razón», es decir, &lt;em&gt;No tienes una razón [por la que…]&lt;/em&gt;.  La verdad es que no cambia la interpretación así que puedes entender como quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Personalmente, considero que &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuándo&lt;/em&gt; puede considerarse pronombres cuando, por ejemplo, se les entiende como &lt;em&gt;qué lugar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;qué tiempo&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;a/de/en qué lugar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;a/durante/para/por qué tiempo/hora&lt;/em&gt;, pero estoy divagando...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T23:17:05.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12798" CreationDate="2015-05-23T09:35:32.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cheeky&lt;/code&gt; puede ser traducido como ser traducido como &quot;insolente&quot;, &quot;caradura&quot;, &quot;descarado&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cheeky smile&lt;/code&gt; puede traducirse de muchas maneras distintas dependiendo del contexto, para favorecer una traducción (palabra) sobre otra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu propuesta de &quot;sonrisa descarada&quot; me parece acertada. &quot;Sonrisa fresca&quot; un poco menos. Si bien &quot;fresco&quot; es sinónimo de insolente o caradura &quot;sonrisa fresca&quot; tiene un poco menos de connotación en ese sentido, ya que &quot;fresco&quot; también es sinónimo de &quot;limpio&quot; o &quot;nuevo&quot; (&quot;Sonrisa fresca&quot; es algo que podrías oír en un anuncio de pasta de dientes, con la connotación de &quot;limpio&quot; y &quot;agradable&quot;, más que &quot;descarado&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T09:35:32.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12816" CreationDate="2015-05-23T09:50:55.797" Score="1" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Objective&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Confirm the difference between 'Algunas' and 'unas' which both mean &quot;some&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please confirm if my understanding is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Algunas manzanas&quot; is about the apples known to the speakers. For example if I am in a fruit shop and ask &quot;Give me some apples&quot;, it is talking about the apples in front of me and the shop owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Unas manzanas&quot; is about apples in general. For example if I am at home and ask someone to go and buy apples in a supermarket, I would use &quot;unos manzanas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Update&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/algunos-vs-unos.1207763/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;algunos vs. unos&lt;/a&gt; in Wordreference and RAE, 'Alguno' seems to emphasise 'NO ninguno'. Probably stressing that it is not none but there are some about something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if someone asks &quot;Do you think no one objects?&quot; and I think there should be some who will oppose, then I would be using 'alguno'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="2354" LastEditDate="2015-05-24T12:41:52.013" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T00:35:24.197" Title="Algunas manzanas / Unas manzanas" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12810" CreationDate="2015-05-23T15:25:59.667" Score="4" ViewCount="2040" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the original English edition of &lt;em&gt;Treasure Island&lt;/em&gt; (Robert Louis Stevenson, 1883) this passage appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;At last in strode the captain, slammed the door behind him, without&#xA;  looking to the right or left, and marched straight across the room to&#xA;  where his &lt;strong&gt;breakfast&lt;/strong&gt; awaited him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation &lt;em&gt;La isla del tesoro&lt;/em&gt; (Manuel Caballero, 1886) renders it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por último entró el Capitán, empujó la puerta tras de sí, sin ver á&#xA;  izquierda ni á derecha, y marchó directamente, á través del cuarto,&#xA;  hacia donde le esperaba su &lt;strong&gt;almuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would 'breakfast' be translated as &quot;almuerzo&quot; (lunch) instead of &quot;desayuno&quot;? Is this a mistake, or is there some logical explanation for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T22:36:37.450" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T02:24:33.443" Title="Why would &quot;breakfast&quot; be translated as &quot;almuerzo,&quot; which means &quot;lunch&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12812" CreationDate="2015-05-23T15:47:01.107" Score="3" ViewCount="2632" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Treasure Island&quot;, there is this passage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;This is nothing,&quot; he said as soon as he had closed the door. &quot;I have&#xA;  drawn blood enough to keep him quiet awhile; he should lie for a week&#xA;  where he is--that is the best thing for him and you; but another&#xA;  stroke would settle him.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--Eso no es nada, dijo en cuanto hubo cerrado tras de sí la puerta. Le he sacado sangre suficiente para poderlo mantener bien por bastante&#xA;  tiempo. Debe quedarse por una semana en cama: eso es lo menos malo&#xA;  para él y para Vds.; pero un nuevo ataque le traerá la muerte&#xA;  inevitablemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that Spanish allows double negatives (which is a &quot;no-no&quot; (no pun intended) in English), but this still seems to be saying, &quot;that is not nothing&quot; (in other words, it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; something). Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T13:38:22.410" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T14:51:51.580" Title="Does &quot;Eso no es nada&quot; mean &quot;That is nothing&quot; or does it mean &quot;That is not nothing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12808" CreationDate="2015-05-23T15:57:44.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The names and times of the meals vary pretty substantially, making a true one-to-one (or even panhispanic) correspondence impossible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, for instance, you may have &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; around 8:00a, followed by &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; around 11:00a, followed by &lt;em&gt;comida&lt;/em&gt; at 2:00p, with &lt;em&gt;merienda&lt;/em&gt; around 6:00p, and &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt; around 9:00p.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other countries, these will vary in number, size, time, and content of the meals, and of course, given that your translation is from 1886, we'd also need to take into account historical uses of these words.  The RAE actually notes that &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; can basically take place anytime until early afternoon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Comida que se toma por la mañana.  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Comida del mediodía o primeras horas de la tarde. […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is somewhat differenced with &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt;, which is defined as the very first thing you eat in the morning — which may or may not be an actual meal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desayuno&lt;/strong&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; Alimento ligero que se toma por la mañana antes que ningún otro […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-23T16:12:43.610" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T16:12:43.610" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12824" CreationDate="2015-05-23T16:02:35.230" Score="4" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Treasure Island&quot; this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;I have a son of my own,&quot; said he, &quot;as like you as two blocks, and he's all the pride of my 'art.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo tengo un hijo de tu edad, añadió, que se te parece como un motón á otro, y te aseguro que ya es él el orgullo de mi arte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...but shouldn't it be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo tengo un hijo de tu edad, añadió, que se te parece como un motón á otro, y te aseguro que ya es él el orgullo de mi corazon.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOW, &quot;'art&quot; is the phonetic way of writing the British pronunciation of &quot;heart&quot; rather than being the word &quot;art&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ben Jonson wrote a poem in which he calls his son his &quot;best piece of poetry.&quot; So there would be some basis for somebody calling his son 'the pride of my art' but you wouldn't expect such poetic speech from a buccaneer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-05-24T13:48:30.367" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T03:41:35.870" Title="Is this a mistranslation due to misunderstanding the British accent and English contractions?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12809" CreationDate="2015-05-23T16:03:13.360" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish &lt;em&gt;Esto no es nada&lt;/em&gt; is used to downplay a situation or an action. &#xA;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is nothing, I have fought in World War II.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in the text it means that the blood drawing is nothing compared to what follows next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7207" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T13:22:03.300" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T13:22:03.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12809" CreationDate="2015-05-23T16:12:26.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A negative adverb or indefinite pronoun or adjective after the verb like &lt;em&gt;nada, nunca, nadie, ningún&lt;sub&gt;/o/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; obligates a negative verb.  These words can themselves negate the verb, in which case no double negative is necessary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;nada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nada&lt;/strong&gt; es.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; lo hace &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca&lt;/strong&gt; lo hace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just saying &quot;Es nada&quot; only works in the noun sense (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;sub&gt;/el&lt;/sub&gt; nada&lt;/em&gt;: nothingness) like &lt;em&gt;El espacio es nada&lt;/em&gt; and probably won't come up too terrible often (saying &lt;em&gt;el espacio no es nada&lt;/em&gt; would be denying its existence, rather than stating its existence to be absence of anything).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T16:12:26.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12830" CreationDate="2015-05-23T16:30:39.857" Score="-3" ViewCount="320" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish, as most know (and probably all who are reading this), is spoken in many countries, but the cultures of the speakers differ widely, especially between Spain and Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to know is whether there is a hat/sombrero that represents Spanish speakers in a general sense. e.g., a &quot;Mexican hat&quot; would represent Mexico well, which is the country most in the U.S. associate the Spanish language with. Whereas an item of headgear that cries out, &quot;Spain!&quot; is the bullfighter's cap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Representing Spanish speakers with one may &quot;disenfranchise&quot; others - IOW, Mexicans may not feel much connection with a toreador's headgear, and Spaniards may feel the same (negative) way about a Mexican sombrero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: Is there a &quot;global&quot; sort of piece of headwear that Spanish-speaking people in general might identify with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T15:00:18.310" Title="Which style of hat represents the Spanish language the best?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-06-02T11:22:46.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12814" CreationDate="2015-05-23T17:37:07.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really think that there is something like this, because those kind of hats you are speaking of, are very typical according to the culture and not the language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But It's an interesting question! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it would be the same if we want to differentiate English from Britain, USA, Canada, Australia, etc. Is there a hat to represent English speakers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="8972" LastEditDate="2015-05-24T00:25:42.143" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T00:25:42.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12806" CreationDate="2015-05-23T18:18:51.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact, &lt;strong&gt;algunos&lt;/strong&gt;(masculine plural) / &lt;strong&gt;algunas&lt;/strong&gt;(femenine plural) are indefinite so that means that your talking about apples in general. And it would be related to &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some&lt;/strong&gt; apples are red. &lt;strong&gt;Some&lt;/strong&gt; apples are green.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Algunas&lt;/strong&gt; manzanas son rojas. &lt;strong&gt;Algunas&lt;/strong&gt; manzanas son verdes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;unos&lt;/strong&gt;(masculine plural)/ &lt;strong&gt;unas&lt;/strong&gt;(femenine plural) is more specific to the apples you are talking about. In this case you have to use &lt;strong&gt;some of&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some of&lt;/strong&gt; these 50 apples are red.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Algunas&lt;/strong&gt; manzanas de éstas 50, son rojas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But careful, in case of &lt;strong&gt;uno/una&lt;/strong&gt; (singular) is also used as the indefinite article &lt;strong&gt;a/an&lt;/strong&gt; in English .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;strong&gt;an&lt;/strong&gt; apple in my bag.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hay &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; manzana en mi bolsa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to eat &lt;strong&gt;an&lt;/strong&gt; apple right now!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Quiero comer &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; manzana en este momento!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But careful again, &lt;strong&gt;uno/una&lt;/strong&gt; is also in Spanish an expression of quantity. Used to count things and in this case is equal to &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One&lt;/strong&gt; apple, two apples, three apples.....&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Una&lt;/strong&gt; manzana, dos manzanas, tres manzanas....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, Apples in spanish are related to the femenine sense, so you must use &lt;strong&gt;una/unas/algunas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Correct**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una manzana, unas manzanas, algunas manzanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Incorrect**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno manzana, unos manzans, algunos manzanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UDPATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alguno/alguna&lt;/strong&gt; (singular) is still indefinite but in contrast to &lt;strong&gt;ninguno&lt;/strong&gt; (none) as you found on Internet. It depends on the context because &lt;strong&gt;alguno/alguna&lt;/strong&gt; is used as an indefinite pronoun also. In this case you should use &lt;strong&gt;someone/somebody/anyone&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that you are talking to someone else and you are about to go hiking in a group. And you want to know if someone came...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Someone&lt;/strong&gt; came?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿&lt;strong&gt;Alguno&lt;/strong&gt; ha venido?   --&amp;gt; Careful, this is more common in Spain.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿&lt;strong&gt;Alguien&lt;/strong&gt; vino?  --&amp;gt; This has the same meaning. Used in Spain but it's more common in Latin America also. It's more natural for Latin Americans to say like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alguien&lt;/strong&gt; is an indefinite pronoun. Used exclusively for people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;alguno/alguna&lt;/strong&gt; for your apples but it's still indefinite (but not as a pronoun). But in this case you wil use &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; commonly for questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; apple on the table?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hay &lt;strong&gt;alguna&lt;/strong&gt; manzana sobre la mesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in order to know if there is at least one!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T00:35:24.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12806" CreationDate="2015-05-23T19:53:43.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I am not a native Spanish speaker, I have never noticed a rhyme or reason to choosing &lt;code&gt;algunas&lt;/code&gt; versus &lt;code&gt;unas&lt;/code&gt;, other than it may be that &lt;code&gt;algunas&lt;/code&gt; seems a tiny bit less broad than &lt;code&gt;unas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T19:53:43.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12809" CreationDate="2015-05-23T20:54:22.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you have to put the negative word &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the verb. If you don't, then you must put &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; before it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; lo vio&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; lo vio nadie&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nada&lt;/strong&gt; hizo&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; hizo nada&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T14:51:51.580" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T14:51:51.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12811" CreationDate="2015-05-23T20:55:49.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that seems to be the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T20:55:49.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12814" CreationDate="2015-05-23T21:10:11.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think so – You would most probably identify hats with countries, not languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T21:10:11.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12821" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12823" CreationDate="2015-05-24T05:23:58.577" Score="0" ViewCount="1293" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo a nadie con &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; practicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt; be used here or &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;? Guides online that explain the difference are a little hard for me to understand. Which is grammatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9092" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T20:01:11.967" Title="Would 'quién' be used here or 'quien'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12821" CreationDate="2015-05-24T05:55:04.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must use &quot;quien&quot; when you have to refer about a person. Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es quien bailó toda la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must use &quot;quién&quot; when is a question (direct or indirect). Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé quién comió mi comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is  a indirect question (here is where it gets a little confusing, something that you can do is convert the sentence to a direct question):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién se comió mi comida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;code&gt;no tengo nadie con quién practicar&lt;/code&gt; is a indirect question: ¿Quién practicará conmigo?  you have to use &quot;Quién&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9093" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-05-24T18:14:10.107" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T18:14:10.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12821" CreationDate="2015-05-24T07:32:18.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; because it is working as a relative pronoun that modifies &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;.  Notice you can use other structures that modify nadie and it still makes sense: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no tengo a nadie… &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interesante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que me hable en chino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de Argelia.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to turn it into a question, you'd get &lt;em&gt;¿Tengo a alguien con quien hablar?&lt;/em&gt; which is a yes/no question.  Therefore, the &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; is demonstratably not an interrogative pronoun — it's still modifying &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You only use &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt; when it's being used as an interrogative.  To do that in your sentence, you'd need to say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo con quién practicar  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...whose associated question would &lt;em&gt;¿Quién tengo con que &lt;sub&gt;(puedo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; hablar?  Notice how it is clearly functioning here as an interrogative word, and not a relative pronoun.  Otherwise, leaving it as &lt;em&gt;No tengo a nadie con quién practicar&lt;/em&gt; is literally saying &quot;I don't have anyone (along) with—who was that again?— to practice,&quot; which is a rather odd sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T20:01:11.967" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T20:01:11.967" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12811" CreationDate="2015-05-24T16:02:45.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Native Spanish speaker, and from my own perspective, the phrase should be written as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Yo tengo un hijo de tu edad, añadió, que se te parece un montón, y te aseguro que él, es el orgullo de mi corazón.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Motón&lt;/strong&gt; is misspelled. Should be &quot;montón&quot; which is a colloquial expression for &quot;a lot&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corazón&lt;/strong&gt; needs accent in the last 'o'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original English phrase however uses the expression &quot;like two blocks&quot;.&#xA;Which could be translated to the following metaphor usual saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;como dos gotas de agua&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Like two drops of water&quot; that is, which is a more used expression when comparing 2 entities which both look a lot the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;de tu edad&quot; is really not present in the original English phrase.&#xA;which should be &quot;from your age&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could also translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo tengo un hijo propio, añadió, que luce como tú, como dos gotas de agua; y él es el orgullo de mi corazón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I believe should be the most accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="9094" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T03:41:35.870" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T03:41:35.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12826" CreationDate="2015-05-25T00:58:31.457" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently heard a native speaker say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te hubieras ido antes.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was confused because it seems to be describing an event that occurred in the past, so it would be a completed action, so I assumed it would be in the indicative. My question is why was the subjunctive used here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-05-25T13:51:54.973" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T01:03:15.630" Title="Subjunctive with antes" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12825" CreationDate="2015-05-25T01:33:27.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is in Spanish a subjective tense known as the &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto del Subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; because it is not objective, but used in a hypothetical situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be used with the Past Perfect Subjetive or with the Conditional Perfect in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e.g.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you, I would have gone before.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si yo fuera tu, yo me hubiera ido antes. or also..&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si fuera tu, ya me hubiera ido. (abbr)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conversation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person 1: I've been waiting for her for 3 hours.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Person 2: For three hours? You are crazy man! &lt;strong&gt;You should have gone before.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona 1: He estado esperando por ella por 3 horas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Persona 2: ¿Por tres horas? ¡Estás loco! &lt;strong&gt;Te hubieras ido antes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a hypothetical situation because, in fact, the first person stayed there for 3 hours, while the second person is giving advice based on something that has already happened in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T11:24:50.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12825" CreationDate="2015-05-25T12:46:38.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These expressions are very used in Spanish language.&#xA;Of course, this could've been written as &lt;em&gt;te hubieses ido antes&lt;/em&gt;, which means the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as for Maximus examples, there are other ways to express the Past Perfect Subjunctive or Conditional Perfect Sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you: si yo &lt;em&gt;fuese&lt;/em&gt; tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have gone: me &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt; ido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the same stands for &lt;em&gt;you should have gone&lt;/em&gt;, which is &lt;em&gt;deberías haberte ido&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;If we want to say &lt;em&gt;te hubieras ido antes&lt;/em&gt;, we put &lt;em&gt;you would've gone before.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T01:03:15.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12798" CreationDate="2015-05-25T14:46:00.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción más acertada sería ‘sonrisa pícara’ o ‘sonrisa traviesa’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilizar ‘sonrisa descarada’ es bastante acertado también, aunque creo que tendría una connotación ligeramente negativa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;También se puede usar ‘sonrisa insolente’, teniendo esta expresión una connotación más negativa aún que la palabra ‘descarada’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9100" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T14:46:00.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12814" CreationDate="2015-05-25T15:00:18.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be aware that the bullfighter's cap (whose name is &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;montera&lt;/a&gt;) is representative of bullfighting &lt;em&gt;activity&lt;/em&gt; but not the country itself. You can find bullfighting activity in other countries, even in some regions of Spain &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauromaquia_en_Catalu%C3%B1a#Abolici.C3.B3n_de_las_corridas_de_toros_en_Catalu.C3.B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bullfighting is no longer allowed&lt;/a&gt;. Think about you will found lots of spanish people offended if you associate them with bullfighters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As typicals hat in Spain you can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;boina&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sombrero_cordob%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sombrero cordobés&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parpusa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;parpusa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T15:00:18.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2015-05-25T15:26:08.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto realmente depende del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo acá en Chile, &lt;em&gt;ni fu ni fa&lt;/em&gt; implica a expresar algo que no es ni una cosa ni la otra, entonces sinónimos de esta expresión pueden ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no corta ni pincha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni chicha ni limonada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende bastante del contexto en donde se aplican estos dichos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T15:26:08.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12825" CreationDate="2015-05-25T15:28:34.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get a feeling of the tense, think either &quot;desire&quot; or &quot;defeat&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the thing is desired, we express our longing with the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had wings, I would fly: Si tuviese alas, volaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the situation is in the past, it often speaks about lost opportunity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If only I had known... : Si tan sólo lo hubiera sabido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a tricky verbal form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9103" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-25T16:00:06.793" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T16:00:06.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12835" CreationDate="2015-05-25T22:39:10.917" Score="0" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;code&gt;ponerse&lt;/code&gt; can sometimes be used as the equivalent for the English phrase &lt;code&gt;to become&lt;/code&gt; in the sense of &lt;code&gt;I became angry&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;me puse enojado&lt;/code&gt; but can it be used in the sense of &lt;code&gt;I want to to become a [name of career]&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;quiero ponerse un [nombre de carrera]&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8896" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T00:06:49.607" Title="When is ponerse valid to use as the equivalent of the English word &quot;to become&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12834" CreationDate="2015-05-25T23:27:35.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's closer to think of it as equivalent to &quot;getting&quot; rather than &quot;becoming&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say &quot;Me pongo triste/contento&quot;, meaning &quot;I get sad/happy&quot;. All uses I can think of it right now are related to emotional state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but can it be used in the sense of I want to to become a [name of career]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, you'd never say &quot;Me quiero poner médico&quot; with that meaning, which translates in some possible context as &quot;I want to get medic/medical&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also another use for the verb, I hope it's not too confusing to mention it too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;Me pongo en eso&quot;, meaning you are going to work on something (as in &quot;I get to it&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being not a linguist but just a speaker, I can't give much more precision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3051" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T23:27:35.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12834" CreationDate="2015-05-26T00:06:49.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner&lt;/em&gt; is pretty complex to use. We normally use it when using &lt;em&gt;get&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I want to become...&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as &lt;em&gt;quiero llegar a ser...&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;quiero convertirme...&lt;/em&gt; but the use of &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; it's just wrong as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I want to become a Lawyer&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;quiero ponerme un abogado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's like saying &lt;em&gt;I want to put a Lawyer myself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's good to express emotions or adding adjectives to oneself like &lt;em&gt;I become smart&lt;/em&gt; (me pongo inteligente), &lt;em&gt;I became disgusting&lt;/em&gt; (me puse desagradable), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T00:06:49.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12838" CreationDate="2015-05-26T00:17:35.710" Score="2" ViewCount="5522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking it is &quot;deliciosísimo/a,&quot; but when I check it on online translators, it comes up as nothing. I would just like confirmation that this is wrong (or right), and what the correct absolute superlative of &quot;delicioso&quot; is. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9105" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T11:44:40.010" Title="What is the absolute superlative of &quot;delicioso?&quot;" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12837" CreationDate="2015-05-26T00:31:45.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To briefly answer your predicament:&lt;/strong&gt; it would not be grammatically wrong since you can say &lt;em&gt;muy delicioso&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;deliciosísimo&lt;/em&gt;, but 'delicioso' is already expressing the maximum degree of the property to which it refers, without the need to add prefixes or suffixes. As such, it is in itself already an elative, a superlative of something that is very good and tasty. If something is already a superlative then technically that is where it stops. In other words, if 'delicioso' equals ‘muy sabroso’ or 'muy rico', the combination 'muy delicioso' or 'deliciosísimo' is redundant and 'poco delicioso’ would be contradictory. However, among morphologically anomalous adjectives, you will find the form &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deliciosísimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; as absolute superlative in casual conversation/writing, usually in an humoristic or ironic tone, exagerations or emphatic answers (below is explained in detail by RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible also to detect such use in old books such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In '&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/demadridnapoles00alar#page/336/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De Madrid a Nápoles&lt;/a&gt;' &lt;em&gt;de Pedro Antonio de Alarcón&lt;/em&gt; (Madrid, 1878), pág. 337, it reads &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Las diez leguas que separan á Ferrara de Bolonia son &lt;strong&gt;deliciosísimas.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/la/1080073447/1080073447_MA.PDF#page=78&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Semana de Las Señoritas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (Méjico, 1851) pág. 150. 'Una Tertulia en Casa de Rossini' de &lt;em&gt;Stephen de La Madeleine&lt;/em&gt;, it reads: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Rossini... Rossini que á sus anchuras se recrea en su &lt;strong&gt;deliciosísimo&lt;/strong&gt; far niento entre las flores de su querida villa.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los superlativos absolutos y los adverbios de grado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Fuente: RAE – NGLE 2009, § 13.3 y NGLE-Manual 2010, § 13.2.3]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los adjetivos elativos léxicos rechazan el sufijo –ísimo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; No obstante, al lado de adjetivos anómalos morfológicamente como &lt;em&gt;extraordinarísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;descomunalísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enormísimo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;insignificantísimo&lt;/em&gt;, se registran formas como &lt;em&gt;excelentísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deliciosísimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;preciosísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tremendísimo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;perversísimo&lt;/em&gt;, entre otros similares. Cuando se usan en la lengua coloquial, se percibe a veces en estas expresiones cierto sentido irónico o humorístico que no siempre se detecta en los textos antiguos o modernos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ha educado su corazón y su mente con arte maravillosísimo igual al de los santos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los superlativos absolutos formados con los sufijos - ísimo / -ísima, -érrimo / -érrima y os prefijos de grado extremo (re-, requete-, super-, hiper-, mega- o ultra-) se comportan también como adjetivos de grado extremo y tienden a rechazar los adverbios de grado porque esa combinación daría lugar a expresiones redundantes o contradictorias. Así excelente equivale, aproximadamente, a ‘muy bueno’, mientras que &lt;em&gt;muy excelente&lt;/em&gt; es redundante y &lt;em&gt;poco excelente&lt;/em&gt;, contradictorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son frecuentes en el habla coloquial, aunque no son exclusivos de ella, los adjetivos o participios en uso adjetivo, que sin ser elativos, no suelen ser tampoco graduables. Se refieren a propiedades o estados que los hablantes suelen conceptuar como absolutos: solterísimo, casadísimo, muertísimo, rechazadísimo. La búsqueda del efecto cómico o irónico en los derivados en –ísimo a partir de bases léxicas que no admiten gradación es un rasgo característico de la lengua literaria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El director, casadísimo; sus dos asistentes igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba muerto, bien muerto, muertísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usan los adjetivos en –ísimo en las respuestas enfáticas:&#xA;–¿Es secreto? –Secretísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asimismo, los derivados en –ísimo a partir de adjetivos ordinales (no graduables): primerísimo, ultísimo, y los formados a partir de bases nominales: campeonísimo, generalísimo o hermanísimo, cuñadísimo.&#xA;Los sufijos afectivos puede expresar cuantificación de grado. El adjetivo pequeñito posee sentido afectivo, como otros muchos diminutivos, lo que no impide que signifique ‘muy pequeño’.&#xA;Los adjetivos comparativos no admiten adverbios de grado, pero sí aceptan diminutivos restringidos:&#xA;con lo mejorcito,&#xA;ya estás mayorcito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9048" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T11:44:40.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12853" CreationDate="2015-05-26T00:54:44.023" Score="2" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I'm using the imperative mood, does the subject come before of after the verb? I ask because in &quot;Viva Las Vegas&quot; the subject comes after- if this is indeed the common form of imperatives, why is the usual SV ordering abandoned?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user9106" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T02:52:57.143" Title="Placement of Subject with Imperatives" Tags="&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12839" CreationDate="2015-05-26T03:27:29.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;strong&gt;«¡Viva Las vegas!»&lt;/strong&gt; is among cases of imperative structures which express good fortune, applause or enthusiastic homage to something or someone. For this to happen, the 3rd person of the present subjunctive of the verb 'vivir' must be followed by a noun. As such it can't be said is just a common form of imperatives. Other examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«¡vivan los novios!», «¡Vivan las Cortes de Cádiz, viva la desamortización!»&lt;/strong&gt; or simply &lt;strong&gt;«¡viva!».&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://Diccionario%20panhisp%C3%A1nico%20de%20dudas%20%C2%A92005&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas ©2005&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9048" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T03:27:29.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12808" CreationDate="2015-05-26T03:51:24.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just my 2 cents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking of Mexico, at least in my specific region; both words &quot;almuerzo&quot; and &quot;desayuno&quot; &lt;strong&gt;are equally used&lt;/strong&gt; to make reference to the first meal of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have seen is that &quot;almuerzo&quot; is frequently used by our elder people; while younger generations rather use &quot;desayuno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember my grandfather used to say &quot;Ya vamos a almorzar&quot;, and it sounded hell of funny to me...given that I grew up with &quot;desayuno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just a cultural preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T03:51:24.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12769" CreationDate="2015-05-26T04:01:08.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Speaking of Mexico, the word &lt;strong&gt;rotar&lt;/strong&gt; can also be used when players in a Volleyball team switch positions during the match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other expressions listed here are not very common, but might come out in a creative, alcohol-driven night...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="9094" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T14:43:45.863" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T14:43:45.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12839" CreationDate="2015-05-26T04:10:41.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't take my word for this, but I believe in cases like this it's not necessary imperative, but subjunctive and might be translated something like &quot;May Las Vegas live!&quot; I say this because I've heard things like, and forgive the vulgarity, &quot;¡Que te folle un pez!&quot; translated as &quot;May you be fucked by a fish!&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T04:10:41.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11934" CreationDate="2015-05-26T04:59:38.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, there are many slang words that are so commonly used, that fit on both contexts you explain - awesome or sweet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most fitting word in my perspective is &lt;strong&gt;ahuevo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just thought about myself in the example situations you described when using those words and I totally felt to say &quot;ahuevo&quot; in both of them...(and I strongly believe that would be the same way for most mexicans to react).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a very funny word - it's like to say &quot;a-&lt;strong&gt;egg&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; - &quot;a-&lt;strong&gt;huevo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though it's slang, it's SO COMMONLY used in all mexican society levels...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I got a salary rise...awesome!&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Me dieron un aumento...ahuevo!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hey look at that hot chick!! Awesome!&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Hey chécate a esa chica!! Ahuevo!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another very fitting slang word would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chingón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's like to say &quot;Fuckin' awesome&quot;.&#xA;You use it like &quot;Qué chingón!&quot; or just &quot;Chingón&quot;, or when referring to a noun you gotta pay attention to the gender, as it can be &quot;chingona&quot; or &quot;chingón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Your new Guitar is awesome!&quot;.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Tu nueva guitarra está chingona!&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hey bro, I got a salary rise! Awesome!&quot;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Güey, me subieron el sueldo!! Chingón!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chingón is definitely a good option for all those situations where &quot;sweet&quot; can be applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Padre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, like &quot;Father&quot;. LOL.&#xA;You use it like &quot;Qué padre!&quot; or &quot;Bien Padre&quot; or &quot;Padrísimo(a)&quot; - like if you said &quot;What a Father!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hey look at that Tiger...! Awesome!&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Mira el Tigre! Qué padre!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use it like &quot;Qué chido!&quot; or &quot;Chidísimo(a)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hey I got A on my test...! Sweet...!&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Hey saqué A en mi examen...! Chido!!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course people use a lot of other different expressions, such as: &quot;Excellent&quot;, &quot;Great&quot;, &quot;Perfect&quot;, &quot;Fantastic&quot;, &quot;Cool&quot;, &quot;Good&quot;...but I'm 35 so far and have never ever stopped listening to those!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the current kids, teens and younger adults seem to use them even more than ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T04:59:38.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12126" CreationDate="2015-05-26T05:25:40.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Mexican, born and raised...and the use and acceptance of that word varies according to the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it is very informal, and should be avoided if you are with complete strangers. And you need to know how to use it in order to avoid offensive situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People in Northern, and West-coast regions are very used to that word.&#xA;The word can be used to address A LOT of different situations - not only sexual.&#xA;Possible uses are for example to say &quot;awesome&quot;, &quot;cool&quot;...it can be used to insult someone...it can be used to say that something is terrible...&#xA;It's very cultural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A la verga...el calor está cabrón!&lt;/strong&gt; (Fuck man...today is hotter than ever!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vete a la verga la cerveza está chingona!&lt;/strong&gt; (Hell man, this beer rocks!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tú pintaste eso? Está vergas!&lt;/strong&gt; (You painted that shit man? It rocks!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vete a la verga!&lt;/strong&gt; (Go to hell! - Go fuck yourself!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chúpame la verga!&lt;/strong&gt; (Suck my cock!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No...esa película vale verga&lt;/strong&gt; (Nah dude, that movie ain't worth seeing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me siento de la verga...&lt;/strong&gt; (Dude I feel really bad) - Speaking of health or feelings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me fue de la verga en el examen&lt;/strong&gt; (I think I did so bad in my test...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="9094" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T15:29:10.993" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T15:29:10.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12851" CreationDate="2015-05-26T09:24:51.700" Score="0" ViewCount="6775" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct form of &quot;Vídeo tutorial&quot; or &quot;videotutorial&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It refers to a video to teach other people about something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1554" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T14:12:45.003" LastActivityDate="2020-07-20T20:07:07.283" Title="&quot;Vídeo tutorial&quot; or &quot;videotutorial&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12848" CreationDate="2015-05-26T09:56:25.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vídeo tutorial, as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/videotutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;videotutorial&lt;/a&gt; is not registered in the RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T09:56:25.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12848" CreationDate="2015-05-26T14:12:07.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas se usan de igual manera en la red, y el término parece ser todavía demasiado moderno como para estar formalmente recogido en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si seguimos el ejemplo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=videojuego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;videojuego&lt;/a&gt;, que sí está recogido y en esa forma (no &quot;video juego&quot;, escrito separado) el término correcto sería &lt;strong&gt;videotutorial&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, no le veo problema a &quot;video tutorial&quot; ya que define perfectamente que se trata de un video con calidad de tutorial (es decir, que video es nombre, tutorial funciona como calificativo de ese nombre y la unidad completa tiene sentido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T14:12:07.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12848" CreationDate="2015-05-26T14:39:01.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The prefix &lt;em&gt;video-&lt;/em&gt; is recognized by the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;video-&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;elem. compos. U.&lt;/em&gt; para formar palabras referentes a la televisión. Videocinta, videofrecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the RAE includes a compositional element, it does so to obviate the need to include every single potential combination, most especially for transparent uses of the term (that is, where the meaning is plainly evident from the parts of the word).  That said, in the dictionary itself, we have &lt;em&gt;videojuegos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;videoclubes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;videodiscos&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true that the usage is common in both forms (with and without spaces), but I imagine any Spanish-speaker, even upon seeing the two word form, instinctively pronounces it as a single word&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; which gives greater weight to &lt;em&gt;videotutorial&lt;/em&gt; being the most accurate rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, the only way to have them really exist as two words is to use &lt;em&gt;tutorial de vídeo&lt;sub&gt;/video&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (cf. &lt;em&gt;juego de vídeo&lt;sub&gt;/video&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), which has been used, but is by far the least common way to refer to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. With very few exceptions (mainly adverbs formed with &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;), every word in Spanish has at most one stressed syllable.  When a word lacks a stressed syllable (like the object pronouns), they get “absorbed” into the the next word.  Given the existence of both &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt;, this is even easier to prove: both Latin Americans and Spaniards who say either word immediately in front of &lt;em&gt;tutorial&lt;/em&gt; use the same stress pattern: /bi.de.o.tu.to&lt;strong&gt;'rial&lt;/strong&gt;/  If we were to hear bi&lt;strong&gt;'de&lt;/strong&gt;o.tu.to&lt;strong&gt;'rial&lt;/strong&gt; from Latin Americans, a stronger argument could be made for the two word version.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T14:39:01.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12798" CreationDate="2015-05-26T18:45:22.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agrego otras traducciones que servirían en Chile, no estoy seguro de que valgan en USA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sonrisa &lt;strong&gt;picarona&lt;/strong&gt; (es positiva, implica complicidad en alguna maldad infantil o un doble sentido sexual).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sonrisa &lt;strong&gt;socarrona&lt;/strong&gt; (es negativa, por ejemplo cuando hay desprecio o ironía malintencionada).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T18:45:22.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12839" CreationDate="2015-05-26T20:28:16.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technically, phrases such as &lt;em&gt;Viva Guatemala&lt;/em&gt; are not imperative, but subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, they are the &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo exhortativo (u optativo)&lt;/em&gt;.  Technically there's nothing preventing them from having the subject in front, but there are two reasons that may cause the more common VOS/VSO from SOV/SVO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In modern times they are used almost as if (and to some, simply as) imperatives thanks largely to uses with &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; 42.4f) , and the true imperative has a strong VOS/VSO order, even rejecting pre-verbal complements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is more common these days to explicitly subordinate these sentences with an implied principal clause by using an initial &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.  Subordinate clauses tend to prefer (but don't require) VOS/VSO ordering unless the subject is contrastive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T05:29:06.897" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T05:29:06.897" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12848" CreationDate="2015-05-26T21:45:31.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking &amp;quot;Video tutorial&amp;quot; is in English (or at least it is reversing the normal order of words). The right expressions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Videotutorial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tutorial en video&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is too purist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T21:45:31.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3793" CreationDate="2015-05-27T04:35:55.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now, speaking of Mexico, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;desprender&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; can be used in the following contexts, along with some of the already listed here, such emanate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Let go&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When somebody is truly attached to some other person (perhaps in such an emotional attachment state) - the word &lt;strong&gt;desprender&lt;/strong&gt; comes to mean such as &lt;strong&gt;letting go&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You should let go that relationship man...no good for you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Deberías desprenderte de esa relación...no es buena para tí&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. To remove&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a most figurative meaning, commonly used in a very specific situation...it tells to &lt;strong&gt;remove&lt;/strong&gt; some &lt;em&gt;part&lt;/em&gt; that has been attached into another &lt;em&gt;part&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;but either accidentally or likely &quot;unwanted&quot;...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I went through that yard and I got all covered by insects...I gotta get them off me!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Pasé por ese baldío y me llené de insectos...necesito desprenderlos de mí!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Hey dude, come back...we forgot the camera...!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Really? dude, the guy already tore my ticket...!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Hey! regresa...olvidamos la cámara...!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;En serio? pero el encargado ya desprendió mi boleto...!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T04:35:55.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12860" CreationDate="2015-05-27T08:53:03.893" Score="3" ViewCount="5434" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí hace poco la expresión &quot;alivio de luto&quot; en un libro. La lógica me indica que se trata de un luto aligerado tras la primera época posterior a la muerte de un ser querido. ¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿varía la expresión según la zona?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haciendo un poco de búsqueda encuentro en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=L4o73ORy3DXX2g84x9HI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alivio&lt;/strong&gt; (de aliviar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Atenuación de las señales externas de duelo una vez transcurrido el tiempo de luto riguroso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que &quot;alivio de luto&quot; y &quot;alivio&quot; a secas podrían ser lo mismo. Seguí buscando y encontré en Wordreference &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/alivio-de-luto.331969/#post-1978821&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alguien que comenta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, mi abuela guardaba medio luto permanente. El luto completo&#xA;  consistía en traer la cara tapada con un velo negro y toda la ropa&#xA;  negra. Después se quitaba el velo y mantenía la ropa negra (que sería&#xA;  como tres cuartas partes de luto, ja) y después se &quot;permitía&quot; usar&#xA;  gris, azul marino o café oscuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es toda esta información correcta o estoy dejándome algo en el tintero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T22:20:18.197" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;alivio de luto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12857" CreationDate="2015-05-27T10:47:58.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, y es &quot;medio luto&quot; (mezzo, en italiano).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.protocolo.org/social/urbanidad/el_luto_en_sociedad_parte_primera.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El luto en sociedad. Parte primera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ofrecen una tabla explicativa de la duración del tipo de luto según la proximidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Viudo             1 año de luto       3 meses de medio luto&#xA;Padres              1 año de luto       3 meses de medio luto&#xA;Suegros             9 meses de luto     2 meses de medio luto&#xA;Hermanos y cuñados  6 meses de luto     1 mes de medio luto&#xA;Tíos                3 meses de luto     1 mes de medio luto&#xA;Primos              1 mes de luto (a voluntad)  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a continuación describen cómo se estila vestirse en ellas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante las seis primera semanas de un luto riguroso, las señoras llevarán traje de cachemir negro con alto biés de crespón, sombrero de crespón y velo a la cara. Después este último se sustituye por el gran velo flotante a la espalda, y en los últimos meses solo velo de tul. Los guantes son de Suecia, negros, los zapatos mates, los pañuelos con jaretón y cifras negros, y las sombrillas, paraguas, manguitos, portamonedas y tarjeteros, negros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El medio luto se lleva en lanilla o seda, según la estación; los colores son gris, violeta, blanco y negro, malva, pensamiento, heliotropo y lila. Se admite ya el sombrero con plumas, pájaros y flores. Los diamantes y las perolas se permiten en las orejas desde las seis semanas del luto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T06:35:29.107" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T06:35:29.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12863" CreationDate="2015-05-27T12:52:46.777" Score="1" ViewCount="2094" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/05/26/actualidad/1432649737_519618.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo sobre el ciclista español&lt;/a&gt;, Alberto Contador, en el Giro de Italia, El País utilizó la frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Contador ha empezado a peinarse con la raya a la derecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco en el internet, encontré un artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lenguajecorporal.org/teoria-raya-cabello/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lenguage corporal&lt;/a&gt; que sugiere que las personas que tengan el cabello con la raya a la izquierda son vistas como más sinceras y exitosas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer Contador tuvo un pinchazo, que le costó por lo menos 30 segundos, pero después, no sólo atrapó, sino pasó, el hombre que era segunda en la carrera y en una de las subidas más brutales conocidas en el ciclismo. Así que, supongo que raya a la izquierda no puede significar lo contrario de exitoso o fiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adivinando, voy con poco convencional o atrevido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T15:51:52.927" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T23:33:12.947" Title="¿Qué quiere decir “peinarse con la raya a la derecha”?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12857" CreationDate="2015-05-27T13:16:58.513" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;alivio de luto&lt;/strong&gt; es un luto &quot;liviano&quot;. Se refiere más que nada a los colores de vestimenta que usan los deudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante el luto riguroso se viste de negro, se evita la vida social y el ocio. En el pasado este periodo podía durar algunos meses o años, dependiendo del parentesco y la importancia del fallecido. Hace poco, cuando murió mi abuelo, mi madre hizo luto dos días. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de este periodo &lt;em&gt;se aliviana el luto&lt;/em&gt;, o sea se vuelve a la vida normal pero con ropa de color oscuro (azul, gris, café) o, como en el caso de mi madre, se lleva un prendedor o lazo negro a la vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente esto es casi materia de la antropología, pero en un pasado reciente -mediados del siglo XX- existía un protocolo y duraciones claras al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, &lt;strong&gt;luto&lt;/strong&gt; deriva del latín &lt;em&gt;luctus&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;aflicción&quot;), de donde también derivan &lt;em&gt;luctuoso&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;triste&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;lúgubre&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;oscuro&quot;, &quot;melancólico&quot;).&#xA;Mientras que &lt;strong&gt;alivio&lt;/strong&gt; deriva del latín &lt;em&gt;levare&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;levantar&quot;), del cual derivan &lt;em&gt;leve&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;elevar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;relieve&lt;/em&gt; y muchas más. &lt;em&gt;Aliviar&lt;/em&gt; significa etimológicamente &quot;mover hacia arriba&quot;, y por lo tanto en un juego conceptual, implica &quot;quitar peso&quot; para que algo pueda subir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T13:16:58.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12862" CreationDate="2015-05-27T13:50:15.883" Score="3" ViewCount="21111" Body="&lt;p&gt;Digamos que quiero preguntarle a alguien si fui yo quién lo despertó o si ya estaba despierto, ¿cuál es la manera correcta de hacerlo?, se me ocurren las siguientes posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto?, O te desperté...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto o te desperté?.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto? ¿o te desperté?.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto? o, ¿te desperté?.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que es la primera, aunque no estoy seguro. ¿Alguna ayuda?, ¡Muchas gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2019-03-24T17:31:46.673" Title="¿Cómo se realiza una pregunta con una conjunción disyuntiva?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12861" CreationDate="2015-05-27T14:07:05.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De hecho, menos la primera todas son correctas. El equivalente en inglés sería así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto? O te desperté...     &lt;em&gt;Were you awake? Or did I awake you...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it is no not correct because you're not asking, you're assuming it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto o te desperté? &lt;em&gt;Were you awake or did I awake you?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is fine. One question with a conjunction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto? ¿O te desperté? &lt;em&gt;Were you awake? Or did I awake&#xA;you?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fine also, there are two different questions, both of them are ok&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Estabas despierto? O, ¿te desperté? &lt;em&gt;Were you awake? Or, did I awake you?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same, two questions, in this case, the conjunction is outside the question but it is equally correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro detalle a tener en cuenta, detras del interrogante &quot;?&quot; no se pone punto (ni coma tampoco). El interrogante cuenta como un punto, por lo tanto después siempre debes poner mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T10:26:14.870" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T10:26:14.870" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12859" CreationDate="2015-05-27T14:26:59.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es ninguna expresión, al menos no en España. En todo caso, en el artículo que comentas el periodista empieza hablando sobre los lados izquierdo y derecho del cerebro y sus simbologías (derecho -&gt; racional, izquierdo -&gt; empático), por lo que luego hace el comentario sobre la raya del cabello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es algo propio del idioma español, podría estar en cualquier lengua y tener el mismo sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T14:26:59.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2279" CreationDate="2015-05-27T16:36:30.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hablando de México, curiosamente, estar &lt;strong&gt;&quot;al pedo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir estar &quot;muy bien&quot;, estar en un estado &quot;excelente&quot;...o bien, se usa para calificar alguna situación en donde has salido de una manera muy favorable o conveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Eh güey, te entregaron la mercancía que estabas esperando?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Sí! y además, me entregaron otro lote que estaba pendiente - al puro pedo!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&quot;Sí...al pedo!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Y tú? cómo has estado?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo ando al pedo...chingón.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T16:36:30.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12859" CreationDate="2015-05-27T23:33:12.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que, como las fotos del vínculo de lenguaje corporal que colocaste, es la forma de peinarse. Sin embargo en el artículo del ciclista es algo metafórico, haciendo referencia exclusivamente al párrafo anterior.  De hecho, si buscas fotos de David Brailsford verás que está rapado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T23:33:12.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17554" CreationDate="2015-05-27T23:47:50.500" Score="12" ViewCount="24944" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escribiendo la frase &quot;nombre, apellido e e-mail&quot; cuando me surgió la duda: ¿debo escribir &lt;strong&gt;&quot;e e-mail&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;y e-mail&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &quot;e&quot; de &quot;e-mail&quot; suena como &quot;i&quot; (&lt;em&gt;i meil&lt;/em&gt;), pero se escribe con &quot;e&quot;. ¿A cuál de las dos le tengo que prestar atención?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que soy de Argentina, y acostumbramos (al menos en el grupo en el que me estoy comunicando) a incluir términos en inglés al hablar, con una pronunciación que &lt;em&gt;pretende&lt;/em&gt; ser la del inglés. En particular, el término &lt;em&gt;e-mail&lt;/em&gt; es pronunciado por todos como &lt;em&gt;imeil&lt;/em&gt;, y jamás como &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt;, como ocurre en algunas otras regiones/contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8556" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T22:20:36.883" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T00:46:53.130" Title="¿Qué opción es correcta: &quot;y e-mail&quot; o &quot;e e-mail&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2015-05-28T00:16:41.180" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si el contexto de la frase contiene varias acepciones en otro/s idioma/s y se sobreentiende que el lector pronunciará dichas acepciones en su forma original sería correcto utilizar 'e', pero lo más común es &quot;españolizar&quot; los extranjerismos al pronunciar, y por tanto utilizar 'y' ya que pronunciaríamos &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;imeil&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E-mail&lt;/em&gt; es una abreviatura de Electronic Mail (Address), que en español viene siendo (Dirección de) &lt;em&gt;Correo Electrónico&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que una abreviatura muy común suele ser &lt;em&gt;correo-e&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T16:44:18.610" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T16:44:18.610" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12861" CreationDate="2015-05-28T00:40:46.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto para lo que preguntas es la segunda (¿Esto o esto?).  Sin el punto final que agregaste, desde luego.  Esa es una sola pregunta completa con la disyunciòn que buscas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el tercer caso &quot;¿Esto?  ¿o esto?&quot;, el hecho de usar dos preguntas implica retractarse &lt;strong&gt;un poco&lt;/strong&gt; de la primera;  es decir, se  asume que la respuesta a la primera pregunta puede ser más negativa que positiva y por eso la segunda iniciada con &quot;o&quot;. Aunque también podría tener otro impacto, como por ejemplo, mayor cortesía o consideración, al no imponer una visión.  De hecho, en este caso particular de &quot;¿Estabas despierto? ¿o te desperté?&quot;, yo interpretaría la segunda pregunta como una disculpa de haberme despertado en el caso posible de haberlo hecho. ---- Por cierto,  no pondría la conjunción &quot;o&quot; con mayúscula, para darle tratamiento del mismo enunciado. De hecho, a diferencia del inglés,  en español es muy raro iniciar enunciado con una conjunción, en caso de requerir una pausa tan larga como para no querer usar coma,  optaría por puntos suspensivos. Un caso en el que iniciaría un enunciado con una conjunción sería: (después de cambiar el tema)  &quot;¿Y qué me querías decir?&quot; (o bien,  &quot;Y... ¿qué me querías decir?&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el cuarto caso,  no usamos coma después de &quot;o&quot; a menos de que vayamos a poner una idea parentética. Por ejemplo: Te gusta esa chica o, como decía el tío, &quot;la muchacha&quot;.&#xA;Luego, no usaríamos la conjunción fuera del signo de interrogación a menos de que en verdad sea otra pregunta: &quot;Hay muchas interrogantes: ¿siempre fue así? , ¿evolucionó?, ¿es una nueva raza? y/o ¿proviene de una alteración genética?&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;De esta manera&lt;/strong&gt;, admito que este podría aplicarse como el segundo caso y ser dos preguntas, pero con otro impacto. Al separar la conjunción de la pregunta, das cabida a un espacio o silencio,  y de hecho lo representaste  erróneamente con una coma. Así, &quot;¿Estabas despierto?  o ¿te desperté?&quot; simula una pausa después de la &quot;o&quot; y de hecho, hace que la &quot;o&quot; sea una afirmación que rechaza totalmente y casi sin lugar a duda la primera pregunta y presenta una nueva interrogante, que puede interpretarse de diversas maneras; a mí se me ocurre como una idea inesperada, quizás podría expresarla con las palabras: &quot;¿será a caso?&quot;. En este caso descarta completamente la idea de que estaba despierto, y podría imaginar que la segunda pregunta significa: &quot;Ups, no me digas que te de desperté.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T00:40:46.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12839" CreationDate="2015-05-28T02:52:57.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have been told this is not an imperative sentence.&#xA;But, let's talk about imperative. There are still cases on which you can state the subject of the command if you want. These require a plural imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Váyanse ustedes dos a comprar las tortillas!  (emphasis on you both) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cómprense los dos un dulce!  (one piece each) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Corran todos los niños! (just the boys,  but emphasis on ruuuuun) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Lavemos tú y yo los platos! (since no one else is doing it) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can still use an apposition&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Váyanse,  ustedes dos,  a comprar las tortillas! (this would mean there are more than two children, so you are choosing) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Singular form requires apposition: Maria, ven.&#xA;You may not require it always, for starters any vocative: &#xA;Oye abuelo, //&#xA;Oigan niñas, //&#xA;¡Sal tío, te estamos esperando! // &#xA;¡Váyase abuelo!, no lo detengo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As for the order,&lt;/strong&gt; you can use SVO with &quot;Todos&quot;&#xA;&quot;¡Todos corran por sus vidas!&quot; (emphasis on who)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you MUST use it with &quot;Nadie&quot;&#xA; &quot;¡Nadie me siga!&quot; (no one, absolutely no one) alternatively you can leave it at the end,  but you must add &quot;No&quot;: &quot;No me siga nadie&quot; (I do not want to be followed) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to why this natural VOS order (¡vamos + al cine + tío!) order, I can just  say there must be some psychological factors in place that would require to be analyzed,  if they have not been analyzed yet. But I would guess it is the importance on what is to be done, rather than who is to be doing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for Viva sentences,  I always think of them as prayers or wishes. (May) God save the Queen!  May Las Vegas live. They are not commands or imperative sentences,  so they should not be compared. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T02:52:57.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2015-05-28T03:14:55.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras no olvides &quot;e-mail&quot; en cursivas, como debe ser, no se verá tan feo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nombre, apellido e &lt;em&gt;e-mail&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se ve mas bonito: &#xA;Tu nombre, tu apellido y tu &lt;em&gt;e-mail&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T03:14:55.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12871" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-28T04:01:25.383" Score="0" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translations I looked up in google are incomplete or make no sense. Anyone care to provide a better translation for this awesome song?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional : I guess it refers to Pinochet when it says &quot;snake&quot;. Or does this stand for something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9117" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T06:41:37.330" Title="1977 better lyrics" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-28T11:11:59.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12733" CreationDate="2015-05-28T04:09:42.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;JesusS is wrong.  &quot;El señor pasó a ser veterinario.&quot; we don't know what he was before. &#xA;I have no issue with using &quot;ser&quot; twice. I like it. Oor don't use it at all: Chuky pasa de muñeco normal a muñeco asesino.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a degree in changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance,  Transformó implies a deeper change, in something so strong that you can feel you can grasp it.  So it is normally a change in shape.  If you say Chuky se transformó , I picture his face changing into a murderous one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Convirtió is like transformó, but less strong. So Chukey acquire the attitudes of a killer. He was mean,  and perhaps his face changed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasó a ser just implies that he played the role. For instance, Chuckey killed by accident,  and know he is called a killer. It is true that this meaning can be used for &quot;convertir&quot;. But still convertir can go beyond in most cases; some sort inner change. Once more,  this is no the case of &quot;pasar a ser&quot;. Actually, in example above,  paso a ser veterinario,  implies he has no studies on medicine or animals, he just somehow manage to get enough knowledge. However,  convirtió implies a process, perhaps no schooling,  but he went trough something. &#xA;Finnaly, pasar a ser is also very unexpected, almost magical. You can say: La oruga se convirtió en mariposa,  but you cannot say pasó a ser mariposa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Chuky pasa a ser&quot; describes better the change,  since it was magical,  and it was not a process,  but a change from one scene to the other. &#xA;&quot;Chuky de convierte&quot; means that there are real, complex and interesting thing going in this change. You can even get to think that it took half movie for this change to take place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no negative connotation in convertirse. Go ask the butterflies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T04:09:42.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12569" CreationDate="2015-05-28T04:22:26.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Son&lt;/strong&gt; (They) the boys are mean. = (Ellos) los niños son malos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be &lt;strong&gt;Somos&lt;/strong&gt;. We, the boys, are better = Nosotros, los niños, somos mejores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;AM&lt;/em&gt;   =  SOY&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You, we, you, they - &lt;em&gt;ARE&lt;/em&gt; = ERES, SOMOS, SON, SON&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He, she, it -  &lt;em&gt;IS&lt;/em&gt;  = ES &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T04:33:08.713" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:33:08.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2015-05-28T05:28:37.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;lt might come from Latin, perhaps because all the declensions but two are Iesu (nominative Iesus, and accusative Iesum), v.g. Jesu Christi. This might have lead to a hyphenated use in Spanish as Jesu-Christo. The RAE erased the h. And, I don't know when or how, it got merged. &#xA;(Still,  I realize it's just a theory. Somehow I managed to be sure,  so I checked and I'm editing this. I apologize.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Christ means Messiah, not king.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can absolutely say/translate it as &lt;strong&gt;Cristo Jesús&lt;/strong&gt;. It is perfectly fine, and perhaps more appropriate than Jesucristo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot say Jesús Cristo, even if it's right, because it is not commonplace at all. But I would agree and advocate for writing &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Jesu-Christo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as it was before,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastEditorUserId="9113" LastEditDate="2015-05-28T09:23:20.387" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T09:23:20.387" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-05-28T05:28:37.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12871" CreationDate="2015-05-28T06:26:30.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When she said &quot;el año de la serpiente&quot; it was meant the year of the snake, like in the chinese horoscope, following the reference to the Mercury planet (as in a zodiac chart).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating a song lyrics is often a hard task, and with this singer it is very hard to hear ever if spanish is my main language.&#xA;Just in case you are very interested in translating this song, and as I see most sites contains unaccurate lyrics, I will provide you the spanish lyrics as I hear it from the song; if you try it yourself (and show us), I could help you later with the tricky parts (there are a lot of tricky parts in this lyrics).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mil novecientos setenta y hhh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y hhh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y hhh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta  hhh...&#xA;&#xA;Nací un día de Junio del año 77&#xA;Planeta Mercurio y el año de la serpiente&#xA;Sino patente tatuado ya en mi frente&#xA;Que en el vientre de mi madre marcaba el paso siguiente&#xA;Nacer, llorar, sin anestesia en la camilla&#xA;Mi padre solo dijo es Ana María&#xA;Sí, sería el primer llanto que me probaría&#xA;Quemando las heridas y dándome la batería&#xA;Solía ser entonces como un libro abierto&#xA;Pero leí la letra pequeña del texto&#xA;Como un arquitecto construyendo cada efecto&#xA;Correcto, incorrecto, se aprende todo al respecto&#xA;Saber que algunas personas quieren el daño&#xA;Subir peldaño toma tiempo, toma año&#xA;Con mi peluche mirando lo cotidiano&#xA;Dibujos transformaban el invierno en gran verano&#xA;Papá me regaló bajo mi insistencia&#xA;Un juego que trataba de compartir la solvencia&#xA;Pero en la patio me hicieron la competencia&#xA;Fue cuando sentí mi primera impotencia&#xA;&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y siete, &#xA;no me diga no, que no lo presiente, &#xA;todo lo que cambia lo hará diferente&#xA;En el año que nace la serpient(e) shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y siete, &#xA;no me diga no, que no lo presiente, &#xA;todo lo que cambia lo hará diferente&#xA;En el año que nace la serpient(e) shh...&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Mi adolescencia fue una etapa bizarra&#xA;El cuerpo es batería y la cabeza guitarra&#xA;La orquesta narra una tonada quebrada&#xA;Para la mirada de una niña que solo talla espada&#xA;Hormona disparada, sobrepobladas&#xA;Y formación que cambian en temporadas, caminas encrucijada&#xA;Cada cual en su morada preparaba la carnada&#xA;La sagrada diablada de mirada encabronada&#xA;Mi fila la verdad nunca buscó su silla&#xA;Mi búsqueda fue mero proceso de pura pila&#xA;Pupila de poeta que marcó nuestra saliva&#xA;En la cordillera que miraba la salida&#xA;La parada militar de paso monótono,&#xA;colores polícromos, los uniformes de poco tono&#xA;De tono mi cuestionamiento, la voz hizo no, no&#xA;Mi primera rima que sonó y me enroló&#xA;Mi búsqueda no fue para mí cosa de escenario&#xA;Fue algo necesario y que marcaba ya mi fallo&#xA;Así que tú hablas más de lo necesario&#xA;Fue cuando entendí que todos quieren ser corsario&#xA;&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y shh...&#xA;&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y siete, &#xA;no me diga no, que no lo presiente, &#xA;todo lo que cambia lo hará diferente&#xA;En el año que nace la serpient(e) shh...&#xA;Mil novecientos setenta y siete, &#xA;no me diga no, que no lo presiente, &#xA;todo lo que cambia lo hará diferente&#xA;En el año que nace la serpient(e) shh...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-05-28T06:41:37.330" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T06:41:37.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2015-05-28T10:47:28.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;Cristo Jesús&quot; does occur in several places in the Bible.  For example, in Efesios 2:10.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Efesios+2%3A10&amp;amp;version=RVR1960&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Efesios+2%3A10&amp;amp;version=RVR1960&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this follows the word order chosen in the original Greek.  The English translations do the same thing.  Paul sometimes uses one word order, sometimes the other.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to why &quot;Jesús Cristo&quot; becomes &quot;Jesucristo&quot;, I concur with the repsonders who theorize that it rolls off the tongue easier, and that's why it evolved that way.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T10:47:28.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12883" CreationDate="2015-05-28T16:07:31.357" Score="5" ViewCount="648" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know one can use a utility to copy special symbols (such as Windows' &lt;em&gt;Character Map&lt;/em&gt; to find and copy &quot;ñ&quot;), and one can also use the numeric keypad and enter &quot;Alt+0241&quot; etc., but is there a non-PITA (Pain In The Ankle) way to enter the various Spanish-specific characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g., is there a way to set up &quot;hotkeys&quot; that map to those characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T00:49:41.370" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T00:49:41.370" Title="Is there a non-PITA way to type accented Spanish characters with an English keyboard?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;&lt;keyboard&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12879" CreationDate="2015-05-28T17:45:01.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alt+0241 is the most reliable way to type the ñ. In Microsoft word you can type Ctrl + ~, release then type n. However that only works in Microsoft word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9121" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T17:45:01.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12879" CreationDate="2015-05-28T18:12:36.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to your Regional and Language Settings in Control Panel.. change keyboard language to US-International.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once it is set to International.. all quotes (') and double quote (&quot;) will require that you either hit a space afterwards or a vowel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To create punctuation marks (¿) and (¡), simply hold Alt and press the appropriate key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance.. to create an upside-down question mark.. hold Alt and hit the question mark button.. no Shift required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For dieresis, type a double quote &quot;, and then the vowel to create things like Ëüï...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tutorial should help you out&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/accents/typing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.studyspanish.com/accents/typing.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T08:15:06.550" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T08:15:06.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12879" CreationDate="2015-05-28T18:18:06.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use the International Keyboard Layout for the U.S.A.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/306560&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to set it for Windows 7, Vista or XP&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;USA Standard layout&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PERdn.png&quot; alt=&quot;USA standard keyboard layout&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;USA International layout&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ydsfT.png&quot; alt=&quot;USA International keyboard layout&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you could set the spanish-spain layout or the spanish-latin-america layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish-Spain layout&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IbNjZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Spanish-Spain keyboard layout&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish-Latin-America layout&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PQkX7.png&quot; alt=&quot;Spanish-Latin-America keyboard layout&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T18:18:06.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-29T01:00:11.980" Score="1" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;&lt;em&gt;Treasure Island&lt;/em&gt;&quot; there is this original (English) text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mr. Dance stood there, as he said, &quot;like a fish out of water,&quot; and all he could do was to dispatch a man to B---- to warn the cutter. &quot;And that,&quot; said he,&#xA;&quot;is just about as good as nothing. They've got off clean, and there's&#xA;an end. Only,&quot; he added, &quot;I'm glad I trod on Master Pew's corns,&quot; for by&#xA;this time he had heard my story.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation of that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Inspector se quedó allí, según su propia expresión &quot;como pez fuera del&#xA;agua&quot; y todo lo más que pudo hacer fué enviar un hombre á Brístol para&#xA;prevenir el arribo posible de la falúa aquella, lo cual era lo mismo que&#xA;nada, en su opinión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not only is the translation somewhat &quot;loose&quot; in general, but why would &quot;B----&quot; be translated as &quot;Bristol&quot;? Even if it's obvious from the text or context that Bristol is meant, shouldn't the original deliberate opacity be retained?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now why the placename is obfuscated in the original, I don't know, but isn't it a bit presumptuous for the translator to make himself into a co-author?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T20:55:52.690" Title="Why would a translation add specifics to an original left purposely vague?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12879" CreationDate="2015-05-29T11:31:57.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To some extent, this is a matter of personal preference.  Here is my preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed a second keyboard in Windows, even though I only have one physical keyboard.  The exact method changes with the windows version, but it involves Control Panel, Language, and Input.  The two software keyboards I ended up with are English (USA) which is the default in my location, and Español (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the installation, I took the option that lets me have a hot key for alternating between the two keyboards.  The default hot key is (left)Alt+Shift. &#xA;I have a little indicator on the taskbar that says ENG or ESP.  Whenever I want to type Spanish,  I switch to the Spanish keyboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a &quot;cheat sheet&quot; that takes the place of a key layout diagram, to tell me where the unusual keys are.  This includes accent, enye, and the upside down question mark and exclamation mark and a few other keys.  It's only a matter of a few minutes to make such a cheat sheet, and you are better off making your own, using a keyboard you have installed. I have a hard copy of the cheat sheet near the keyboard.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, just for illustration purposes, is my cheat sheet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esto es el teclado español.&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;1a fila:        ° ! ” # $ % &amp;amp; / ( ) = ? ¡&#xA;                | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ’ ¿&#xA;&#xA;2a fila:        Q W E R T Y U I O P ¨ * ]&#xA;                q w e r t y u i o p ´ + }&#xA;&#xA;3a fila:        A S D E F G H J K L Ñ [&#xA;                a s d e f g h j k l ñ {&#xA;&#xA;4a fila:        Z X C V B N M ; : _&#xA;                z x c v b n m , . -&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Arrobas  (@):  Ctrl+Alt+Q&#xA;El acento es tecla muerta.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only reason the comments are in Spanish is my own preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been doing things this way at least as far back as Windows XP.  It works for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2015-05-30T10:47:29.173" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T10:47:29.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12884" CreationDate="2015-05-29T20:55:52.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it's just that in Spanish such a way of writing the name of a place is very uncommon and, since it can be inferred that the place named is Bristol, it just would be more natural to write it. The translations I found over the internet and in Google Books seem to rely on the one found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/La_isla_del_tesoro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikisource&lt;/a&gt;, which writes &quot;Bristol&quot; too. I think it's more to be wondered why the author chose to write &quot;B----&quot;, because there's no apparent reason in the narrative to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T20:55:52.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12887" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-29T23:27:02.110" Score="2" ViewCount="4159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of curiosity, I put the word &quot;Braille&quot; into Google Translate, and it said the Spanish version was... 'el braille'.  But when I try to read that, the phonetics are incredibly awkward for a Spanish word.  Is this the correct Spanish word for the dot-based language for the blind?  If so, how is it pronounced? Bra-i-ll-e just looks like &quot;that can't possibly be right&quot; to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="455" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T21:54:35.460" Title="How do you say &quot;Braille&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12887" CreationDate="2015-05-30T00:17:29.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Braille is the name of a (French) person, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Braille&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Louis Braille&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;As with most foreign words, you could use the original (French) pronunciation &lt;em&gt;/brall/&lt;/em&gt; or make it as if it were a native Spanish word &lt;em&gt;/bráiye/&lt;/em&gt;. What may look awkward to you makes me laugh: is it more appropriate the English pronunciation &lt;em&gt;/bréil/&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-24T21:54:35.460" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T21:54:35.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12887" CreationDate="2015-05-30T01:29:42.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three ways that you can pronounce it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/brái.le/ (DUE María Moliner)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/brái.lle/ (Fundéu BBVA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/brái.ye/ (Fundéu BBVA, for yeístas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I normally use the first, but Fundéu BBVA argues that the word has been sufficiently lexicalized in Spanish that its pronunciation should match its spelling.  Most videos on YouTube from all countries follow María Moliner's pronunciation, but the Fundéu BBVA's is also used in some, but not all, videos from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also heard /brái.li/ as another pronunciation, but it's far less common.  In any case, all of these pronunciations are quite easily handled by the Spanish phonetic system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-05-30T01:58:04.610" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T01:58:04.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12890" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-30T07:31:41.977" Score="15" ViewCount="55762" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've learnt that the v sound in Spanish is pronounced as a &quot;b&quot;, however why are some words such as &quot;por favor&quot; and &quot;Revolucion&quot; pronounced as a &quot;v&quot;? Also, is this type of pronunciation Spanish (spoken in Spain)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9130" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:48:01.233" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:48:01.233" Title="Why is the 'b' and 'v' pronunciation inconsistent?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12890" CreationDate="2015-05-30T11:41:07.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many Spanish speakers it is possible to find the differentiation between 'V' and 'B' very well marked, regardless of their country of origin, although there are some countries in which the inconsistency you refer to is more frecuently found. It is very beautiful and makes a lot of sense when you can hear these subtleties in the spoken language. I have identified it is easier to understand when they are present. In my experience, regardless of what books may say, I found it is pretty much the same in every Spanish speaking country I have been to, which suggests the ability to execute these sounds is highly linked to the speaker or a group of people, even regions or social groups, and their foundations at speaking and understanding the Spanish language, more than being linked to a specific country. This is why you will always find the inconsistencies you refer to in your question. It is part of our human nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not because a definition in a dictionary renders a sound a one-way universal axiom, it means such is true and actually happens for the whole of the spoken Spanish. A mere definition can't wipe out reality. It has been said previously in this forum  (source &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/446/historical-pronunciation-of-letters-b-and-v&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) and in other online sources, that they learnt to make a distinction when pronouncing b and v, and that is very much alive. The fact is that there are many groups of people in Spain and America speaking with a labio-dental V and they can't be labeled as not speaking correctly because somewhere it says that THE rule is to make no distinction between both sounds (B and V). There are historical and sociological reasons for pronouncing the V labio-dental (sort of vibration if that is easier to understand. Listen &lt;a href=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) and it even comes sometimes as a natural sound which endures in time and pervades social groups. The later has been indeed documented in the following study made in Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/347/34723240007.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PRODUCCIÓN DE /v/ COMO ALÓFONO DE /b/ EN NIÑOS PRE ALFABETIZADOS DE LA PROVINCIA DE CONCEPCIÓN (CHILE)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;by Vergara Fernández, Viviana, Boletín de Lingüística, vol. XXIII, núm. 35-36, enero-diciembre, 2011, pp. 123-142 &lt;strong&gt;Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas, Venezuela&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also we have an exploration into the existence of the labio-dental sound in certain regions in Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sadowsky.cl/files/Sadowsky_2010_v-labiodental_EFE.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;THE VOICED LABIODENTAL ALLOPHONE [v] OF THE PHONEME /b/ IN THE SPANISH OF CONCEPCIÓN (CHILE): AN EXPLORATORY STUDY&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;by Scott Sadowsky, Estudios de Fonética Experimental, ISSN 1575-5533, XIX, 2010, pp. 231-261 - &lt;strong&gt;Laboratorio de Fonética. Universidad de Concepción, Chile&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is an exciting and very well documented research showing why in the Spanish dialect in Chile, the sounding labio-dental fricative [v] is exercised, which entertains, in turn, the exercise in differentiating between B and V in parts of Chile. In page #10 it gives references of this differentiation being taught formally in certain educational backgrounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.edu/420312/Incidencia_de_la_lectura_en_la_producci%C3%B3n_de_al%C3%B3fonos_de_b_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Incidencia de la alfabetización en la producción de los alófonos de /b/&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;em&gt;Viviana Vergara Fernández, &lt;strong&gt;Universidad de Concepción, Chile - 2010&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This singularity in the pronunciation of the Spanish language in Chile (although the labiodental V is to be found in other regions of America) has been registered  to come also as a natural event unaffected by the educational process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;The voiced labiodental fricative [v] has traditionally been rejected as a natural allophone of /b/ in Spanish in general, as well as in Chilean Spanish, although its existence has been admitted in cases of extra-linguistic influence, and recent research has included it in the phonetic inventory. This paper seeks to contribute by providing new data on the production of allophones of /b/, including [v]. To achieve this purpose, audio and video recordings of the speech of 19 pre-literate and literate native speakers of Spanish from Concepción, Chile, were analyzed. The results show that for all speakers, [v] is not just a natural allophone of /b/, it is the most common one&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the existence of [v] is not affected by the literacy process.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Abstract, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4420974&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A study of the careful speech of&#xA;  pre-literate and literate speakers&lt;/a&gt;, by Viviana Vergara Fernández:&#xA;  Laboratorio de Fonética, Facultad de Humanidades y Arte, Universidad de Concepción&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9048" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T00:16:47.187" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12890" CreationDate="2015-05-30T14:24:06.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The confusion of &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; is a phenomenon that occurs not only in Spanish but in most of the Romance languages and even in classical Latin. It's called &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betacismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;betacismo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betacism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;betacism&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although sometimes you try to teach children that there are difference in pronunciation, is that just a sign of exaggeration and sometimes pedantic oratory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in practice the words &lt;em&gt;baca&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vaca&lt;/em&gt; are pronounced exactly the same, spelling difference is due just to historical reasons, and their proper orthographic use is exclusively memoristic. So there is the confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T18:33:12.373" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T18:33:12.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12890" CreationDate="2015-05-30T15:22:54.437" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=v&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; of the Real Academia Española de la Lengua,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no difference in the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish: both&#xA;represent nowadays the bilabial voiced sound /b/. Spanish Orthography&#xA;has mantained both letters, which represented different sounds in&#xA;Latin, for reasons of tradition [...] The pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; as&#xA;labio-dental has never existed in Spanish, and only happens&#xA;occasionally in Valencian and Majorcan speakers, and in some from&#xA;Southern Catalonia, when they speak Spanish, because of the influence&#xA;of their regional languages, and in some places of America by&#xA;influence of Amerindian languages. In every other case, it's a mistake&#xA;some people make because of an excess of scrupulousness, based in&#xA;recommendations from the past, for even if the Academia had recognised&#xA;in its &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1726-1739) that &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;We Spaniards don't&#xA;differentiate between the pronunciation of both letters&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, several&#xA;editions of the Academia's &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; in the 18th, 19th&#xA;and 20th centuries described, and even recomended, the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; as&#xA;labio-dental, believing it convenient at the time to differentiate it&#xA;from &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; as many of the great European languages, including French&#xA;and English, that were then so influential, did ; but since the 1911&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, the Academia ceased to explicitly recommend this&#xA;differentiation. In short, the correct pronunciation of the letter v&#xA;in Spanish is identical to that of b, so there's no oral difference in&#xA;our language between words such as &lt;em&gt;baca&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vaca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bello&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vello&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;&lt;em&gt;acerbo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;acervo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recognise I just learnt this, as I usually differentiate both sounds when speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T10:48:07.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12896" CreationDate="2015-05-30T15:49:37.173" Score="3" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English &quot;Treasure Island&quot; contains this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In a few cases, to be sure, the name of a place would be added,&#xA;  as &quot;Offe Caraccas,&quot; or a mere entry of latitude and longitude, as &quot;62o&#xA;  17' 20&quot;, 19o 2' 40&quot;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En algunos lugares, para mayor seguridad, se añadía el nombre de algún lugar como &quot;Á la altura de Caracas,&quot; ó bien una mera cita geográfica de latitud y&#xA;      longitud como, 53° 17' 20&quot; y 19° 2' 40&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why in tarnation would '62o 17' 20&quot;' become '53° 17' 20&quot;'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T10:59:31.170" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T10:59:31.170" Title="Is there any reason to translate coordinates?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12894" CreationDate="2015-05-30T17:35:55.017" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Longitude was set using a multitude of prime meridians before the international adoption of the Greenwich meridian, which Spain adopted in 1901 after a century and a half using the Cádiz meridian (according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://fabian.balearweb.net/post/76746&quot;&gt;this Spanish source&lt;/a&gt;). I suppose the translator took that point as a longitude and attempted to set it to another meridian (if he wanted to set it to the Cádiz meridian he failed, as it was &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=YhoPAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PR15&amp;amp;lpg=PR15&amp;amp;dq=cadiz%20meridian&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=T8hN0s_EnC&amp;amp;sig=FHxDipZABuhmYhTAhAuwHYLAKEY&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=OPFpVZTlKsyhNu_zgKAK&amp;amp;ved=0CEMQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=cadiz%20meridian&amp;amp;f=false&quot;&gt;6 degrees west of Greenwich&lt;/a&gt;). Other than that, it could have been a writing or typesetting error, a badly-printed English copy with unclear characters in that particular passage, or a conjunction of all those factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T17:35:55.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12898" CreationDate="2015-05-30T18:33:03.163" Score="1" ViewCount="1733" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the &lt;em&gt;Michel Thomas' Method&lt;/em&gt;. It lists the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We will go see it. / Vamos a ir a verlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     We will go / Iremos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     We will go see it. / Iremos a verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first example, why is &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; used? Thought &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;to go&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;vamos a&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;we will go&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So by using them both, isn't that saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We will go go and see it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone explain why both &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;vamos&lt;/strong&gt; are used in the same sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2020-05-07T05:21:23.503" LastActivityDate="2020-05-07T05:21:23.503" Title="'ir' and 'vamos' in one sentence" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12897" CreationDate="2015-05-30T19:01:58.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; plays triple duty, being used to construct the periphrastic future, to indicate motion, and occasionally to construct &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; commands.  Only two of these three are mutually exclusive, so we get two potential interpretations with &lt;em&gt;vamos a ir a ver&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; can either set up the future or, thanks to being specifically the form &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; (a shortened form of &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;), it can also substitute as a command, equivalent to English's “let’s…”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either case, the second &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; expresses the actual action which is to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be think that since both &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;s are followed by &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; that they are both expressing future and that your main verb is &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, but just because something is &lt;em&gt;ir a [verbo]&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean it's a periphrastic future construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a tomar el metro para poder llegar al cine para ver la película&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a tomar el metro para ir al cine para ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a ir en metro al cine para ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a ir al cine a ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a ir a ver la película&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iremos a ver &lt;em&gt;(future sense)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Vayamos a ver &lt;em&gt;(command sense)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; is really a &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; in disguise showing purpose, but not necessarily temporality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T00:28:00.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12902" CreationDate="2015-05-30T20:53:23.883" Score="1" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run in Spanish is now, I believe, &quot;Ron&quot;; however, in older publications (such as &quot;Treasure Island&quot;) the English word &quot;Rum&quot; is translated as &quot;Rom&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did &quot;Rom&quot; change to &quot;Ron&quot; because &quot;Rom&quot; was too easily confused with Vatican City and its environs, or what happened?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T00:04:21.370" Title="When did Rum change from &quot;Rom&quot; to &quot;Ron&quot; and why?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12897" CreationDate="2015-05-30T23:31:31.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;we will go see it&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &lt;em&gt;iremos a verlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vamos a ir a verlo&lt;/em&gt; is translated as the following forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;let's go see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we're going to go see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; are different.&#xA;To use &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; we usually use &lt;em&gt;let's go...&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;we're going...&lt;/em&gt; depending of how we want to express ourselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T23:31:31.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12890" CreationDate="2015-05-30T23:42:34.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the question is why do the sounds /V/ (sonoro, bilabial, &lt;strong&gt;fricativo&lt;/strong&gt;, as &quot;Victor&quot;) and /B/ (sonoro, bilabial, &lt;strong&gt;oclusivo&lt;/strong&gt;, as &quot;Bumblebee&quot;) get used, when their written representations ('V' and 'B') are  supposed to be interchangeable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The /V/ sound is used between two vowel sounds (not the spelling, the actual phonetic sounds), while the /B/ sound is used after a consonant sound, to start an utterance (or after a pronounced pause), or when being emphasized for some reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/V/ - &lt;code&gt;revolución&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;que le vaya bien&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lávame&lt;/code&gt; (and seen on dirty windows in Chihuahua: &lt;code&gt;lábame&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/B/ - &lt;code&gt;Vamos al cine&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Beisból&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastEditorUserId="8462" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T00:03:06.240" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T00:03:06.240" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12899" CreationDate="2015-05-31T00:04:21.370" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rum&lt;/em&gt; is the shortened version of the English &lt;em&gt;rumbuillon&lt;/em&gt; and it came in Spanish as &lt;em&gt;ron&lt;/em&gt; (easier to pronounce in Spanish). The &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=lR5JaGBj-nQC&amp;amp;pg=PA770#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1817 edition of the Dictionary of the Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; includes &lt;em&gt;ron&lt;/em&gt; and I found no mention anywhere of &lt;em&gt;rom&lt;/em&gt;, so it's probably just a typo. Does it appear only once or all around the book? Bear in mind you're reading a very old translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T00:04:21.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-31T07:52:23.927" Score="0" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the function of 'se' in &quot;Se tardó el tren por el mal clima&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The statement itself may be wrong, but if it is correct, which one is the function of 'se'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passive (The tren was delayed by the bad weather)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reflexive (Like 'se rompió el tren')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T11:40:28.630" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T22:17:12.757" Title="'Se' in 'Se tardó el tren por el mal clima'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12904" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12914" CreationDate="2015-05-31T08:08:50.803" Score="1" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard 'Hasta dentro' should always be in a negative context. Hence example 2 is incorrect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: This is to clarify why 'Negative' context is expected to come with 'haste dentro', not to clarify in what context/situation it can be used (and what is indicated) in another question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay tren hasta dentro de dos horas. (There is no train for two hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay trenes hasta dentro de dos horas siguientes. (There are trains for the next two hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/hasta+dentro+de.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linguee.com&lt;/a&gt; for examples and it looks they are used with 'no'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any specific reason why it should be in a negative sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="2354" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T22:59:30.167" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T10:42:12.887" Title="'Hasta dentro de &lt;tiempo&gt;' is always in negative sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12905" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12906" CreationDate="2015-05-31T08:31:10.777" Score="1" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What situation/context does it indicate 'Hasta dentro'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La reunión no comienza hasta dentro de 3 horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the same with &quot;&lt;em&gt;La reunión no comienza por tres horas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and 'hasta dentro' just means 'duration from now'? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there some specific implication/situation indicated, such as it emphasizes the fact that 'the meeting will not happen' exists consistently for certainty?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T17:02:11.190" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T17:02:11.190" Title="Implications of 'Hasta dentro'" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12905" CreationDate="2015-05-31T09:28:18.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dentro here has to be seen as a whole with &quot;de&quot;. From &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/dentro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dentro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;~ de.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. U. para indicar el término de un período de tiempo visto desde la perspectiva del presente. Dentro de dos meses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that it takes a period of time based on the current moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the closes translation to your sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The meeting will start in three hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The meeting will start in three hours from now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, and regarding the possible implication/situation indicated, you can hear such way of saying times when there is an intention to emphatise the fact that it is not starting yet. So you could find yourself asking a bus driver &quot;is the bus leaving now?&quot; and he would respond &quot;no, no sale hasta dentro de una hora&quot;, meaning &quot;keep calm, this is not happening yet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T09:28:18.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12909" CreationDate="2015-05-31T12:55:24.180" Score="2" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am translating an application from English to Spanish. One of the English buttons in the app is &lt;kbd&gt;go&lt;/kbd&gt;, which sends the user from my app to Uber to call an Uber car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the common Spanish text for a &lt;kbd&gt;go&lt;/kbd&gt; button? Is &lt;kbd&gt;ir&lt;/kbd&gt; a good choice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9134" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T13:58:29.630" Title="What should be the text in a &quot;Go&quot; button in a Spanish application?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12903" CreationDate="2015-05-31T13:55:50.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is wrong. &lt;code&gt;Tardar&lt;/code&gt; is not a reflexive verb (is not even transitive). If you were using passive you would be saying something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tren &lt;strong&gt;fue retrasado&lt;/strong&gt; / Fue cancelado, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Actually is difficult to use passive with &lt;code&gt;tardar&lt;/code&gt;, you need to use &lt;code&gt;retrasar&lt;/code&gt; instead)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T13:55:50.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12907" CreationDate="2015-05-31T13:58:29.630" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; is a perfect choice, since you are actually sending the user from one place/page to another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T13:58:29.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12903" CreationDate="2015-05-31T15:35:58.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se tardó el tren por el mal clima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el tren se tardó por el mal clima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; works as a reflexive. If you want to skip it, then write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el tren tardó por el mal clima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However saying &lt;em&gt;tardó el tren por el mal clima&lt;/em&gt; may be portrayed as a question: &lt;em&gt;¿tardó el tren por el mal clima?&lt;/em&gt; To avoid that, we use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to put it in affirmative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T15:35:58.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12903" CreationDate="2015-05-31T17:12:03.750" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;PLEASE, PLEASE!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;se&quot; doesn't work there... ever&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is a very common mistake in lower level common dialogue &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el tren tardó por el mal clima&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;clima mal, even if forcedly correct, sounds like a hammer in your ears&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by the way, sorry for my English, but is only my 4th language... hope to help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9136" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T17:12:03.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12905" CreationDate="2015-05-31T17:36:55.367" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &quot;HASTA&quot; is a huge problem in Central América, where their proclivity is not only grammatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a negative assertion you can say: no sale hasta dentro de dos horas.&#xA;Meaning: is not leaving until two hours from now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since Central American is so wrongly diffuse in USA, many people hear: sale hasta dentro de dos horas...&#xA;Meaning: is leaving during two more hours&#xA;but they mean: doesn't leave until two more hours...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a stubborn mistake used by (unfortunately) everybody in Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua. Everybody, professionals, teachers, professors, bricklayers, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line,  &quot;HASTA DENTRO&quot; is plainly &lt;strong&gt;UNTIL&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I am a volunteer in the poorest villages of C.A. since four years now, sleeping on the ground with the locals... then, don't try to talk about discrimination and arrogance on my part please... better yet, if you are from HN, ESal, GUA or NIC, just try to understand the difference between -try to explain- and -try to understand-... or at least -try to HEAR-. Sorry and thank you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9136" LastEditorUserId="9136" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T17:49:43.687" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T17:49:43.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12904" CreationDate="2015-05-31T23:31:59.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't really need to make a negative sentence. &quot;Vamos a tener que esperar hasta dentro de dos horas&quot; (we'll have to wait for two hours) is a valid sentence, for example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9138" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T23:31:59.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12904" CreationDate="2015-06-01T10:49:59.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hasta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. Indica el término de tiempo, lugar, acciones, cantidades, etc.:&#xA;  hasta hoy no sabía nada; ven hasta aquí;&#xA;  puedes gastar hasta 5.000 ptas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition &quot;hasta&quot; marks an end point. In this case, when used with &quot;dentro de...&quot; you are establishing a time end point. &quot;Hasta dentro de...&quot; literally translates for &quot;until &lt;em&gt;specific time&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, your example 2 is correct with a minor fix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay trenes hasta dentro de dos horas (There are trains for the next two hours / until two hours from now)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;hasta dentro&quot; is used as a way to specify the time left until an event occurs. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta dentro de dos horas (Until two hours from now): This expression is used as &quot;Until we see each other again&quot; with a specific time instead: &quot;Until we see each other in two hours&quot;.´&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in order to answer your question, the expression &quot;hasta dentro...&quot; doesn't imply a negative expression or question. You can use it whenever you want to establish a specific time for an event to occur, wheter in a positive or negative way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9098" LastEditorUserId="9098" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T10:55:01.733" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T10:55:01.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12887" CreationDate="2015-06-01T15:28:11.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Latin America it is more common to pronounce it like &lt;strong&gt;brɑile&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;at-&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;at-&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;rm-s&lt;strong&gt;ee&lt;/strong&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;eg-b&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;d) [Put the stress intonation on the &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; of arm] You can write the word &lt;strong&gt;brɑile&lt;/strong&gt; in Google Translator from  Spanish to English and click on the speaker button from Spanish side to hear the sound. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T15:28:11.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12887" CreationDate="2015-06-01T15:55:53.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I heard both /brái.le/ and /brái.lle/, with a majority of /brái.lle/ . Everybody will understand both of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T15:55:53.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2015-06-01T18:36:10.740" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it into 'Pet Peeve'. It makes more sense to me that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9145" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T18:36:10.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12920" CreationDate="2015-06-01T19:36:59.573" Score="4" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a software developer, I've always wondered whether it was universal to use noreply@something.com for every language when sending emails to denote that an email reply would get no response, or whether different languages would need a different response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9146" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T15:00:36.703" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T15:00:36.703" Title="What would be the Spanish equivalent of noreply@emailaddress.com?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12918" CreationDate="2015-06-01T19:43:51.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;noresponder@emailadress.com&quot; is commonly used, but I don't see any problem in leaving the address as it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9138" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T19:43:51.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12918" CreationDate="2015-06-01T20:14:19.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can keep using &lt;strong&gt;noreply&lt;/strong&gt; because it will be understandable for everyone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is still a minority of people who are not too attached to technology and they won't realize or understand that (at least in Latin America people who is old and work with computers everyday) .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you are building an application that supports i18n (internationalization) and i10n (localization) concepts, this is not important.&#xA;Nevertheless, you can use as user9138 said &lt;strong&gt;noresponder@emailaddress.com&lt;/strong&gt; Also you can use &lt;strong&gt;no-responder&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mensaje-automatico&lt;/strong&gt;. There is no standard in that, even in English, in my humble opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a best practice, it is strongly recommended to use an email address that is relevant to the content that you are going to send. &lt;strong&gt;services&lt;/strong&gt;@emailaddress.com, &lt;strong&gt;helpdesk&lt;/strong&gt;@emailaddress.com, &lt;strong&gt;support&lt;/strong&gt;@emailaddress.com, &lt;strong&gt;sales&lt;/strong&gt;@emailaddress.com, etc. This is very important not only for Marketing, because some ISPs filters could manage your emails as a spam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is to include, in a visible part of your notification, a disclaimer stating that your email is not intended to be answered. This text can be localized/translated in many languages and the user will be more concerned about content and the intention of your email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T20:14:19.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12922" CreationDate="2015-06-02T09:37:49.120" Score="2" ViewCount="2235" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando estuve en Colombia, escuchaba mucho las frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy hace buen clima en Bogotá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace buen clima para Caracas este viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usar la palabra clima para hablar acerca del estado atmosférico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T10:36:39.737" Title="&quot;Tiempo&quot; vs &quot;clima&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12921" CreationDate="2015-06-02T10:19:46.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tiempo se refiere al estado puntual de la atmósfera, en un momento y lugar determinados.&#xA;El clima se refiere a la sucesión periódica de tipos de estado atmosférico, para un lugar determinado y a lo largo del tiempo (sucesivos momentos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos lugares geográficos con climas diferentes pueden tener en un momento dado iguales estados atmosféricos. Por ejemplo:&#xA;Hoy hace un día lluvioso tanto en Caracas como en Mérida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, las expresiones populares que conforman las particularidades del idioma evolucionan a lo largo del tiempo de forma distinta en diferentes lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo afirmar rotundamente que sea así, pero encuentro muchos sitios web colombianos que utilizan indistintamente ambos términos para referirse a una predicción meteorológica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T10:19:46.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12904" CreationDate="2015-06-02T10:42:12.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Answer:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentences (1) and (2) have different meanings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not mandatory the use of negative with &quot;hasta dentro&quot;, however, you should use it in sentence (1), if you want to mean that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will explain you the difference between both sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No hay tren hasta dentro de dos horas. (There is no train for two hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation:&lt;/strong&gt; In the following 2 hours, there will not be any train. (After that, there will be some trains)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hay trenes hasta dentro de dos horas siguientes. (There are trains for the next two hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not particularly correct. I would say better: &quot;Hay trenes hasta dentro de dos horas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation&lt;/strong&gt;: There will be trains for the next two hours. (After that, there will not be any train)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Another example:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis amigos no vuelven hasta dentro de una semana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis amigos vuelven hasta dentro de una semana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the same case, in the first sentence we are saying that the friends will be back in a week time. Nevertheless, in the second sentence, we are saying that my friends will be back in a week, as latest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need to use the negative with &quot;hasta dentro&quot; as if it was a structure to be memorized. However, depending on the meaning you want to give to the sentence you should use it or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have seen that negative must be used when the event will happen right after the period of time stated in the sentence. Not using the negative, only indicates that the limit time is the stated in the sentence and that the event may happen before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8998" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T10:42:12.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12927" CreationDate="2015-06-03T01:43:44.240" Score="0" ViewCount="1182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just cannot figure out when's the correct time to use IOP when writing sentences in subjunctive mood/tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I say my parents demand me to read three books a day.(sounds kinda weirdo, better with &quot;want&quot;, but whatever) I can say &lt;strong&gt;mi Padres (me) exige que lea tres libros cada días.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I AM NOT SURE IF I SHOULD USE INDIRECT OR DIRECT. I LEARNED FROM A POST THAT SOMETIMES IN SPAIN INDIRECT IS ALSO ACCEPTABLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T03:57:13.370" Title="When to use indirect object pronoun in subjunctive mood?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12926" CreationDate="2015-06-03T03:57:13.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of things that need to be corrected before answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You example sentence ought to be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis padres (me) exigen que lea tres libros cada día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reality is, it's virtually always optional from a grammatical standpoint.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  It's &lt;em&gt;useful&lt;/em&gt; when there could be confusion in the subordinate clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis padres exigen que lean tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Are they demanding this of y'all (formal)?  Or of some other group of people?  Or even of themselves?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis padres exigen que lea tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Are they demanding this of me?  Or someone else?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to clarify.  You can either explicitly put the subject in the subordinate clause, or you can use an indirect object pronoun (this will always be an indirect object pronoun, because the subordinate clause &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the direct object, it's just a noun clause rather than a pronoun):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis padres &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; exigen que lea tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Using indirect object: They're demanding, just thankfully it's not me.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; exigen que lea tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Using indirect object: They're demanding of me!&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres exigen que &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; lea tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Using explicit subject: They're demanding of her.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis padres exigen que &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; lea tres libros cada día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Using explicit subject: They're demanding of me!&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  The only time that you would have to use the indirect object pronoun is if person A is telling person B to have person C do something.  Like, say, I dunno, my boss's boss tells him to tell me to do something: «La jefa le exigió (al otro jefe) que haga yo algo».  But even then, if you make the indirect object explicit, the indirect object pronoun becomes optional again: «La jefa exigió al otro jefe que haga yo algo» is perfectly fine.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T03:57:13.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-03T20:42:47.273" Score="0" ViewCount="670" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito aprender como hacer un analisis sintactico de una oración, se hacerlo para frases cortas y sencillas, pero esta, está muy complicada para mi, podrian ayudarme por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que exista ningún adolescente que no se sienta un guerrero desnudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3046" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T00:45:04.933" Title="¿Puede alguien ayudarme a analizar sintacticamente esta oración, y explicarme rapidamente?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13091" CreationDate="2015-06-03T21:26:34.593" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am making an end-of-year certificate for my Spanish teacher, and just need a quick confirmation that this is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una profesora increíble con mucho entusiasmo y tiene mucho amor por&#xA;  sus alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9156" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T20:14:44.243" Title="Trying to make a certificate for my Spanish teacher" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12948" CreationDate="2015-06-03T22:00:13.007" Score="2" ViewCount="8122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una expresión en castellano que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Liarse / echarse la manta a la cabeza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, se refiere a animarse a hacer algo de un modo algo irreflexivo, del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan siempre quiso ver mundo, así que finalmente se lió la manta a la&#xA;  cabeza, dejó el trabajo y se dispone a enrolarse en un crucero que da&#xA;  la vuelta al mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me surgen varias dudas al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es &quot;liarse&quot; o &quot;echarse&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa en otros países además de España?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T15:30:13.133" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T14:15:35.837" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;liarse la manta a la cabeza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12903" CreationDate="2015-06-03T22:17:12.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with this &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is the way the verb &lt;em&gt;tardar&lt;/em&gt; is used. In Spain the verb &lt;em&gt;tardar&lt;/em&gt; is intransitive, so here we would say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se retrasó el tren por el mal clima&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but there are other countries where &lt;em&gt;tardar&lt;/em&gt; is used like &lt;em&gt;retrasar&lt;/em&gt; (reflexively).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your question depends mostly of the country where you are speaking. I can tell for Spain, I don't know for sure about other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T22:17:12.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12936" CreationDate="2015-06-04T00:01:13.513" Score="4" ViewCount="1344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo si tu quieres tomar tiempo con tu enamorad@ o con tu familia. En inglés, nosotros lo llamamos &quot;Quality time&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes pueden describir cual es la mejor traducción (o algo diferente)? (En ingles u español)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo de cualidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo de calidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9157" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T21:55:50.387" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:15:21.673" Title="How would you translate &quot;Quality time&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12933" CreationDate="2015-06-04T00:27:09.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción correcta es &quot;&lt;em&gt;Tiempo de Calidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;tiempo de cualidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no existe en español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco existe una expresión concreta, pero se podría traducir como &quot;&lt;em&gt;Un rato agradable&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sea de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9158" LastEditorUserId="9158" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T00:37:05.970" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T00:37:05.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12933" CreationDate="2015-06-04T01:41:12.743" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión correcta es &quot;Tiempo de &lt;strong&gt;calidad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;code&gt;Cualidad&lt;/code&gt; define una propiedad &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los metales tienen la &lt;strong&gt;cualidad&lt;/strong&gt; de conducir la electricidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;code&gt;calidad&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a la excelencia de dichas propiedades&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese material es de buena &lt;strong&gt;calidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;code&gt;quality time&lt;/code&gt; expresa la excelencia del tiempo pasado junto a alguien o haciendo algo, el término correcto es &lt;code&gt;calidad&lt;/code&gt; y no &lt;code&gt;cualidad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T01:41:12.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12933" CreationDate="2015-06-04T11:56:46.073" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión que más oigo para ese significado es &quot;buenos momentos&quot; (o &quot;buenos ratos&quot;). En bastante menor medida encuentro a veces la expresión &quot;momentos de calidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy rara vez escucho decir en español &quot;tiempo de calidad&quot;, y la mayoría de las veces es un texto escrito que ha sido traducido del inglés, o en el contexto de una charla sobre el argumento de una película o un libro originalmente en inglés. También es cada vez más frecuente en los ambientes influenciados por la cultura estadounidense, como algunas zonas de latinoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se ve esta expresión (tiempo de calidad), generalmente suele ser para reforzar la idea de comparación &quot;calidad&quot; contra &quot;cantidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los contextos en que se habla de recuerdos, la mayoría de las veces se emplea el término &quot;momentos&quot;, y algo menos el término &quot;ratos&quot;, reemplazando casi por completo al término &quot;tiempo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sólo quedan los &lt;strong&gt;buenos momentos&lt;/strong&gt;, aquellos que por más tiempo que pase, jamás se olvidan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T12:03:52.640" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T12:03:52.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12928" CreationDate="2015-06-04T13:30:52.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que exista ningún adolescente que no se sienta un guerrero desnudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No = &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo = &lt;strong&gt;nucleo del predicado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que exista ningún adolescente = &lt;strong&gt;una clausula subornidada sustantiva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;exista (verbo), ningún (adverbio), adolescente (sujeto subordinado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que no se sienta un guerrero desnudo = &lt;strong&gt;una clausula subordinada adjectival&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T00:45:04.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2015-06-05T03:18:40.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I was taught in school (in Puerto Rico) is that Español Castellano (Castilian Spanish) is the Spanish spoken in Latin America. If memory serves me well, the Queen of Spain (Isabella of Castile) reigned during Columbus days and that Kingdom dominated in the Iberian peninsula centuries before and after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also used to distinguish between other forms of Spanish (dialects) spoken in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T03:18:40.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12933" CreationDate="2015-06-05T03:25:55.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cualidad&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish means an attribute. &lt;code&gt;Calidad&lt;/code&gt; means quality. Since in English the word quality has both meanings, you have to put in in context. When you use the word quality to mean attribute, use &quot;cualidad.&quot; Otherwise, use &quot;calidad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T03:15:21.673" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:15:21.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3195" CreationDate="2015-06-05T03:30:35.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, la forma masculina se puede usar en un tono neutral.  Por ejemplo, &quot;Mi jefe en el trabajo es una mujer.&quot; Es más correcto que &quot;Mi jefa en el trabajo es una mujer&quot;; ya que con el uso de la palabra &quot;jefa&quot;, se infiere que es una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7013" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T03:30:35.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12930" CreationDate="2015-06-05T08:35:58.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la propia definición del Diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;manta1.&#xA;  (De manto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;liarse alguien la ~ a la cabeza.&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Tomar una decisión precipitada o actuar de modo irreflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas de las frases hechas o refranes españoles vienen heredadas de siglos atrás, así que no descartaría en absoluto que la referencia al Cid Campeador fuera el origen de la expresión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, sí que se trata de una decisión irreflexiva, no tanto por irresponsable, sino por precipitada, sin tiempo para reflexionar sobre sus consecuencias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9098" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T08:35:58.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:03:51.753" Score="1" ViewCount="2949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;House of Fruit&quot; (or &quot;Fruithouse&quot;) - a restaurant/business near Hollister, California - called &quot;Casa de Fruta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it not &quot;Casa de la Fruta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a rule of thumb so that one can know when &quot;del&quot; or &quot;de la&quot; should be used, and when &quot;de&quot; is good enough/preferred?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T21:56:04.400" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T21:56:04.400" Title="Why is &quot;of&quot; sometimes &quot;de&quot; and sometimes &quot;del&quot; or &quot;de la&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12950" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:26:35.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Casa de Fruta&lt;/em&gt; seems a bit ugly to me; I think it should be &lt;em&gt;Casa de la Fruta&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;The meaning of &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; here does not express ownership, but material.&#xA;¿De quién es la casa? La casa es de la fruta.&#xA;Who owns the house? The fruit owns the house.&#xA;¿De qué está hecha la casa? La casa está hecha de fruta.&#xA;What's the house made of? The house is made of fruit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we use &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; without any article, it may mean the material that the house is made of (fruit).&#xA;For example, the chocolate house in &quot;Hansel and Gretel&quot; fairy tale.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;La casa &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; chocolate&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;¿De qué está hecha la casa? La casa está hecha de chocolate.&#xA;What's the house made of? The house is made of chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to use &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;de la&lt;/em&gt; as ownership? When you refer to any subject that is not a person.&#xA;El collar &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; perro está hecho de cuero.&#xA;The dog's collar is made of leather.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to use &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; (without article)? When you refer to any subject that is a person.&#xA;El coche de Manolo es verde.&#xA;Manolo's car is green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you could use a poetry license, using an object or an animal like if it were a person; that's named &lt;em&gt;Personificación&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Prosopopeya&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;That could be the case, if Fruta is acting like a person, so able to be the owner of the house. But I think this is not such a case, as you wrote FruitHouse, instead of Fruit's House.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Last times we can see things like Casa de Fruta, or Casa de Vinos, without article, but I guess it's a flawed translation from english trends. We have a lot of example where traditionally we use it with article, like La casa del pueblo, La casa del inmigrante, La casa del libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T15:43:34.773" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T15:43:34.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12950" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:32:17.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del&lt;/code&gt; is the contration between &lt;code&gt;De + El&lt;/code&gt; (note this is &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; article it, and not &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; pronoun he). &lt;code&gt;Voy a casa de el doctor&lt;/code&gt; is wrong, you say &lt;code&gt;Voy a casa del doctor&lt;/code&gt; instead. There is no contraction for &lt;code&gt;De + La&lt;/code&gt; however (&lt;code&gt;Voy a casa de la doctora&lt;/code&gt; is ok). Keep in mind this rule don't apply if the article &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; is part of a name: &lt;code&gt;Traje este sombrero de El Paso&lt;/code&gt; is the correct way and not &lt;code&gt;Traje este sombrero del Paso&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sidenote, this also happens with &lt;code&gt;A + El&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;Voy a el consultorio&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Voy al consultorio&lt;/code&gt;) and not with 'A + La' (&lt;code&gt;Voy a la pileta&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to your question, it's not wrong to translate to &lt;strong&gt;Casa de Fruta&lt;/strong&gt; nor &lt;strong&gt;Casa de la Fruta&lt;/strong&gt;, but the first one is in this case nicer, and also is the common way to translate this shop names. It's like &lt;strong&gt;Tea House&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;Casa de Té&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Wine House&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;Casa de Vino(s)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases, the second translation would be the more common ones, like &lt;strong&gt;House of Terror&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;Casa del Terror&lt;/strong&gt;. This applies for names when &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; is being used as an adjetive, there is no rule, it's just which one sounds nicer. But when you are talking about things (using possesive articles), the correct way is always &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt;, for example &lt;code&gt;Las joyas del rey&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastEditorUserId="8866" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T17:19:19.707" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T17:19:19.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12955" CreationDate="2015-06-05T23:24:22.840" Score="3" ViewCount="379" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I want to say &quot;as of today, I have not heard from him&quot;. As of today would be &quot;desde hoy&quot;, but how would I translate &quot;heard from him&quot;. It's a bit of a &quot;modismo&quot; or idiomatic expression I feel like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T12:02:53.617" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:19:06.030" Title="Como decir &quot;have (o have not) heard from him&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12957" CreationDate="2015-06-05T23:29:25.223" Score="2" ViewCount="707" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I want to say &quot;On a typical day I read for a while, and then I go to bed.&quot; &#xA;Would the best way to see this be: &quot;En un día típico, yo leo un rato y después me acuesto&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, I'm interested in the translation for &quot;for a while&quot; in Spanish. Is it &lt;code&gt;por un rato&lt;/code&gt; or just &lt;code&gt;un rato&lt;/code&gt;? If it is not &lt;code&gt;un rato&lt;/code&gt;, is there any case where just using &lt;code&gt;un rato&lt;/code&gt; is acceptable? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-06T01:43:24.270" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T14:05:32.613" Title="Como decir &quot;for a while&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12953" CreationDate="2015-06-06T00:31:07.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;As of today&quot; could be sometimes translated as &quot;desde hoy&quot;, but most times it should be &quot;hasta hoy&quot; or better &quot;hasta ahora&quot; or &quot;hasta el momento&quot;, meaning from last times until today or until the present moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Heard from him&quot; literally is &quot;oído desde él&quot;, but it should be translated as &quot;sabido de él&quot;, meaning &quot;recibido noticias sobre él&quot; (get news about or from him).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;strong&gt;the whole phrase &quot;As of today, I have not heard from him&quot; could be translated as &quot;Hasta ahora no he sabido nada de él&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mary, how is going your divorce?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As of today, I have not heard from him; he has not asked for the divorce documents, he has not sent me the money for the childs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mary, ¿cómo va tu divorcio?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hasta ahora no he sabido nada de él, no ha preguntado por los papeles del divorcio, ni ha enviado dinero para (la manutención de) los niños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In positive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last week I have heard from him: he has sent me the divorce documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He tenido noticias de él en la última semana: me ha enviado los papeles del divorcio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T00:31:07.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12954" CreationDate="2015-06-06T01:49:36.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un día típico, yo leo un rato y después me acuesto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un día típico, yo leo &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; un rato y después me acuesto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son válidas, aunque ciertamente algunos hablantes favorecerán una sobre la otra. Tanto &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;durante&lt;/code&gt; sirven para expresar la duración cuando una acción se prolonga en el tiempo, así que incluso podrías decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un día típico, yo leo &lt;strong&gt;durante&lt;/strong&gt; un rato y después me acuesto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para explicar que esta  acción se prolonga en el tiempo. Sin embargo, puedes omitir tanto &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;durante&lt;/code&gt; (que es la primera opción) y se te entenderá perfectamente. Nadie pensará que lo que lees es &quot;un rato&quot;, sino que entenderán que  la acción de leer se prolonga por un breve espacio de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T01:49:36.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12954" CreationDate="2015-06-06T01:52:36.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;En un día típico, (yo) leo un rato, y después, me acuesto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is very accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &quot;for a while&quot; can be written as &quot;durante un rato,&quot; or &quot;por un rato,&quot; but normally, one would say &quot;un rato.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, one may write the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;on a typical day, I read for two hours,&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as either of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;en un día típico, (yo) leo dos horas,&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;en un día típico, (yo) leo durante dos horas,&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;en un día típico, (yo) leo por dos horas.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9089" LastEditDate="2015-06-07T14:05:32.613" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T14:05:32.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-07T15:00:54.513" Score="3" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uds quieren saber mi país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;concur&lt;/code&gt; is substituted for &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; in this sentence, the meaning switch from knowing exactly what the country is to things about the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conozco los servicios que ofrece aquella oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; is used instead, then &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; know what &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; what service they offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PS&lt;/strong&gt; THE EXAMPLES ARE WHAT ARE SAID TO BE CORRECT BY MY TEACHER.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:27:39.223" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:27:39.223" Title="Can there be situations where both &quot;saber&quot; and &quot;conocer&quot; can be used?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12958" CreationDate="2015-06-07T16:08:18.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; are not always perfectly interchangeable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; is used when we want to convey knowledge or mastery of skills. &lt;code&gt;Conocer&lt;/code&gt; conveys a meaning more like &quot;be familiar with&quot; or &quot;to know&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First example is incorrect. It needs a preposition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uds. quieren saber &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mi país. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which conveys, &quot;you want to gather information about my country&quot;, rather than &quot;you want to know my country&quot; (like, visit for the first time), which would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uds. quieren conocer mi país. &lt;sub&gt; (you want to visit the country, or learn about it) &lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second example, you could use either &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; and meaning would not change much. &lt;code&gt;Saber&lt;/code&gt; would imply that you know the services, but &lt;code&gt;conocer&lt;/code&gt; would convey that you have a deeper understanding of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T16:08:18.147" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12962" CreationDate="2015-06-07T19:44:34.827" Score="2" ViewCount="2922" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is this passage in &quot;Treasure Island&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All was clear to probation. The CACHE had been found and rifled; the&#xA;seven hundred thousand pounds were gone!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is translated thus in &quot;La Isla del Tesoro&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquello era claro como la luz del día. El escondite había sido descubierto y explotado. ¡Las setecientas mil libras habían desaparecido!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you see &lt;em&gt;&quot;seven hundred pounds&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (which is a description of how much the treasure equated to in British currency, and not much how much the booty weighed) is translated as &lt;em&gt;&quot;setecientas mil libras&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;pounds&quot; (unit of weight) has a connection with &quot;lb&quot; etc., but does the word for the British currency really equate to the same Spanish word as for the unit of weight?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or was the translator confused by the word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T21:40:51.120" Title="Is &quot;libras&quot; really the correct translation for &quot;pounds&quot; (when meaning British currency)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12961" CreationDate="2015-06-07T21:40:51.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is most definitely the correct translation.  Ironically, &lt;code&gt;peso&lt;/code&gt; is also used as a name for a currency, and it carries this same motif of weight that your question has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Libra is not only used to express British pounds, but rather, American pounds (lbs).. as weight.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 libra = 16 onzas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T21:40:51.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12968" CreationDate="2015-06-08T02:17:57.703" Score="4" ViewCount="980" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;Nueva York,&quot; ¿por qué es el adjetivo &quot;nuevo&quot; declinado al género femenino? Pensaba que el masculino era el género predeterminado. Entonces por qué es el género femenino usado? Similarmente, en &quot;Nueva Jersey,&quot; &quot;nueva&quot; es femenino. ¿Se relaciona la razón a la palabra &quot;nuevo&quot; o al sustantivo modificado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-08T14:13:51.133" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T14:13:51.133" Title="¿Por qué se usa el género femenino en estos casos?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12971" CreationDate="2015-06-08T06:30:33.077" Score="8" ViewCount="712" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most difficult part of my learning Spanish, is to get to grips with the various forms of pronouns, and now the posessive adjectives mi, tu, and su. I'm asking myself, how one would translate    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whose tea is it?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Is it your tea, his tea, or her tea?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best I can do is using google translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De quién es el té?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Es el té, el té o el té?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8630" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-10T11:41:51.733" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:29:40.953" Title="Whose tea is it?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12965" CreationDate="2015-06-08T06:55:23.993" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whose tea is it?&#xA;  Is it your tea, his tea, or her tea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish (literal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De quién es el té?&#xA;  ¿Es tu té, su té, o su té?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternate (natural) to make it clear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De quién es el té? ¿Es tuyo, de él, o de ella?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the possessive adjectives (&quot;/&quot; separates gender, &quot;,&quot; separates number):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;my -&gt; mi, mis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your -&gt; tu, tus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;his/her/its -&gt; su, sus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;our -&gt; nuestro/nuestra, nuestros/nuestras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your -&gt; vuestro/vuestra, vuestros/vuestras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;their -&gt; su, sus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:29:40.953" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:29:40.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12963" CreationDate="2015-06-08T09:53:00.590" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;York es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; ciudad, por tanto debe ir en femenino. Piensa como si fuera &quot;Nueva ciudad de York&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T09:53:00.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12963" CreationDate="2015-06-08T12:19:24.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el género del adjetivo solamente depende en tipo de lugar del nombre modificado. Por ejemplo, &quot;Nueva Jersey&quot; sí es &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; estado, pero &quot;Jersey&quot; por sí solo es &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; isla. Así, no es importante el estatus de &quot;Nueva Jersey&quot; porque el género del adjetivo depende en el nombre, no la frase. Similarmente, &quot;York&quot; es &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; ciudad. Y es &quot;Nuevo Hampshire&quot; porque &quot;Hampshire&quot; es &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; condado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="5286" LastEditDate="2015-06-08T12:25:48.743" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T12:25:48.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12963" CreationDate="2015-06-08T12:25:31.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ninguna razón. Si el topónimo es una palabra castellana o de género determinado, el adjetivo suele adecuarse a ella. Por ejemplo “Nuevo Laredo”, “Nuevo México”, o “Nueva Granada”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando se trata de topónimos extranjeros, es simplemente al azar. Por ejemplo, tenemos “Nuevo Brunswick” en “Nueva Jersey”, pero no hay razón para que no sea al revés, excepto que las formas actuales están fijadas por el uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T12:25:31.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12958" CreationDate="2015-06-08T19:49:16.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although they are usually words that can not be replaced each other, I think that in the following examples are equivalent sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera conocer tu nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber tu nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya conoces las reglas del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabes las reglas del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conozco algunos datos que te pueden interesar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé algunos datos que te pueden interesar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él sabe los precios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él conoce los precios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel any difference as a user of the language, but I can not specifically recognize it. In the first instance I think the words are interchangeable when informed &amp;quot;abstract data&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T19:49:16.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12965" CreationDate="2015-06-08T20:14:29.273" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to be really old fashioned, you can ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cúyo&lt;/strong&gt; té es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;cúyo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is an interrogative that needs to agree with the possessed item and is directly equivalent to English &lt;em&gt;whose?&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in modern day Spanish, that is not used (and so you shouldn't either, unless you're a native speaker, in which case you should to bring it back to life ;-) ), and instead you use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;De quién&lt;sub&gt;(es)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es el té?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The plural form is used when you expect a plural answer, similar to English's &lt;em&gt;whose&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;who all’s&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When making general statements of possession, you will most often use the unstressed possessive adjectives in front of the possessed noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mi&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;my&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;our&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tu&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;your&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(inf.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vuestro&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;y'all's&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(inf.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;his, her, its, your&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(frml.)&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;their&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;y'all's&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(frml.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;em&gt;su&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has many different potential meanings, it's common to clarify by using &lt;em&gt;[def. art.] [noun] de [pron.]&lt;/em&gt;  For example, instead of saying &lt;em&gt;su perro&lt;/em&gt; when we mean it to belong to a guy, we can say &lt;em&gt;el perro de él&lt;/em&gt;.  Or instead of &lt;em&gt;sus libros&lt;/em&gt; when referring to a group of girls, we can say &lt;em&gt;los libros de ellas&lt;/em&gt;.  While &lt;em&gt;vastly&lt;/em&gt; less common, you can do this same structure with first and second person pronouns.  While  &lt;em&gt;vos/nosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;/vosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; don't require any special work, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; takes the special form &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; takes the special form &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;mi libro&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;el libro de mí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tu camiseta&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;la camiseta de ti&lt;/em&gt;).  In most situations, you'll need to add on &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for it to be considered grammatical (&lt;em&gt;el libro de mí &lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), and the &lt;em&gt;de nosotros&lt;/em&gt; is generally only heard in the Americas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the stressed possessive adjectives, which also allow for indefiniteness (the unstressed ones shown above act on their noun as if a definite article were there and in fact in old Spanish it was common).  These stressed ones go after the verb and will agree in gender and number and can be nominalized (in which case they correspond to the English possessive pronouns that end in &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mío&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;my/mine&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;our/ours&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tuyo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;you/yours&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(inf.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vuestro&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;y'all's&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;suyo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;his, her/hers, its, you/yours&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(frml.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;, their/theirs, y'alls&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(frml.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are quite common when answering questions regarding possession (but notice, sometimes clarification is needed using the &lt;em&gt;de [pron.]&lt;/em&gt; format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De quién es el libro?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Es &lt;strong&gt;mío&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De quiénes son las manzanas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Pues, son &lt;strong&gt;suyas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Eh?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Digo, &lt;strong&gt;de esas niñas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-06-09T05:38:53.953" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T05:38:53.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12958" CreationDate="2015-06-09T15:08:05.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When used with nouns, the distinction is actually deceptively simple.  With &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, we refer to concrete data &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; something.  In essence, we refer to the &lt;em&gt;attributes&lt;/em&gt; of some thing.  Let's say we want to talk about a book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sé el título &lt;sub&gt;(del libro)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sé el lugar de publicación &lt;sub&gt;(del libro)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sé la editorial &lt;sub&gt;(del libro)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sé el tema &lt;sub&gt;(del libro)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sé el color &lt;sub&gt;(del libro)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these attributes fit nicely in questions in the format &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el&lt;sub&gt;/la&lt;/sub&gt; ______ del libro?&lt;/em&gt;.  But in this same context, we can't say &lt;em&gt;sé el libro&lt;/em&gt;.  The book isn't an attribute of something else&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we want to refer to the thing itself, rather than the &lt;em&gt;individual&lt;/em&gt; facts/data about it, we use &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; which instead of fitting a question like &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el&lt;sub&gt;/la&lt;/sub&gt; ______ de ______?&lt;/em&gt; instead answers &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo es _____&lt;/em&gt;?  This then expresses knowledge of &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the attributes of the thing simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example of how this plays out in some of the cases where their usage seems to overlap:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Sabes&lt;/strong&gt; el precio de las manzanas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here, the thing in question are the apples, and we want to know if you know a literal fact about them — their price.  The answer would be a single datum, like $2/kg.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Conoces&lt;/strong&gt; el precio de las manzanas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here we want to know if you know &lt;em&gt;cómo es el precio&lt;/em&gt;.  While that could indeed include the current price, it also includes things like its normal variation, whether that price is higher or lower than normal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Sabes&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(el nombre de)&lt;/sub&gt; la capital de Canadá?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Topic: Canada.  Just give me the answer. &lt;em&gt;Sí, sé &lt;sub&gt;(el nombre de)&lt;/sub&gt; la capital.&lt;/em&gt;  Notice the possibility for an implied &lt;em&gt;el nombre de&lt;/em&gt;, though its not strictly required.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Conoces&lt;/strong&gt; la capital de Canadá?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Topic: Ottawa.  Are you familiar with the city of Ottawa?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is why with people you almost always use &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; (besides its &lt;em&gt;to meet&lt;/em&gt; meaning) with people — people are inevitably asking if you know the person &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; their corresponding attributes.  Rarely is the person himself an attribute of something else, but it's not impossible and then we switch to &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¿Sabes el presidente de Guatemala? Es el Gen. Pérez Molino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.  Note that I refer to &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; context.  The book maybe indeed be an attribute of something else in a different context, for example, the first book published by an author (in which case it becomes an attribute of the author).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:31:19.853" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:31:19.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3790" CreationDate="2015-06-09T17:58:40.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Carne mechada is &quot;pulled meat&quot;...generally it is pork shoulder meat slowly cooked and then &quot;mechada&quot; (pulled) with a fork...like the  pulled pork you put in a bun.&#xA;Mechas is slang for hair threads....when your hair is too long you don't have hair anymore...you have &quot;mechas&quot;....&#xA;From the same origin of the word:  a woman goes to the hair dresser to get her &quot;mechas&quot; done...in this case it means the shines in the hair slightly more clear than their natural clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9182" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T17:58:40.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T12:49:21.200" Score="3" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entre 50 y 60 ml&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Entre 50 ml y 60 ml&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen the former more than the latter in written and spoken Spanish, but I wanted to be sure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couldn't find anything on the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9183" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T14:22:25.793" Title="Use of units of measurement" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T13:14:06.017" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;In William Strunk's Elements of Style, it is recommended that commas shouldn't be used after coordinating conjunctions that are followed by parenthetical elements: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Red Sox were leading the league at the end of May, but of course,&#xA;  they always do well in the spring. (no comma after &lt;em&gt;but&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this recommendation holds for Spanish? For example, is the following sentence incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Universidad Católica fue puntero toda la liga, pero, por supuesto, salieron segundos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9183" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T08:53:43.147" Title="Use of comma between subject and verb" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12976" CreationDate="2015-06-10T14:22:25.793" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para evitar la repetición de sonidos similares, es preferible usar &lt;code&gt;50 y 60 ml&lt;/code&gt;. Es lo mismo que hacemos con el sufijo &lt;code&gt;mente&lt;/code&gt; cuando usamos varios adverbios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo explicó clara y rápidamente &lt;sub&gt; (y no, &quot;lo explicó &lt;strong&gt;claramente&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;rápidamente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, si la conjunción es disyuntiva &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner 1 ó 2 cucharadas de azúcar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se sigue la misma regla, y se solía acentuar la &quot;o&quot;, para que quede claro que es &quot;1 ó 2  = una &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; dos&quot; y no parezca &quot;1o2 = 102 = ciento dos&quot;. Ahora parece ser que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/la-conjuncion-o-siempre-sin-tilde-incluso-entre-cifras&quot;&gt;puede dejarse sin acentuar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T14:22:25.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12982" CreationDate="2015-06-10T20:22:35.680" Score="0" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Tortilla Flat,&quot; Steinbeck writes of towns he was familiar with, including Monterey, Carmel, Salinas, and Watsonville. These are translated in the Spanish edition as Monterrey (two &quot;R&quot;s), Carmel, Salinas, and Watsonville.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;Monterey&quot; changed? There is a Monterry, Mexico, and this seems like it could be confusing (which &quot;Monterrey&quot; do you mean?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it for historical reasons? My guess is that when Monterey (California) was the capital of Alta California (when controlled by Mexico), it was spelled &quot;Monterrey.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect consistency in the translation of place names. If &quot;Monterey&quot; is translated as &quot;Monterrey,&quot; why isn't &quot;Watsonville&quot; translated as &quot;Aldea de Watson&quot;? Ironically, the title of the book comes across unaltered: &quot;Tortilla Flat&quot; is entitled &quot;Tortilla Flat&quot; in the Spanish edition, too (not &quot;Tortilla Plano&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, translating &quot;Monterey&quot; as &quot;Monterrey&quot; almost seems tantamount to a Dutchman translating &quot;New York&quot; as &quot;New Amsterdam.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is not a patriotic/jingoistic reaction on my part; I agree with U.S. Grant that the war with Mexico (so conveniently occurring on the heels of the discovery of gold in California) was shameful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T21:12:21.787" Title="Why would a placename be changed in translation?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12980" CreationDate="2015-06-10T20:56:27.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;To me, translating 'Monterey' as 'Monterrey' almost seems tantamount to a Dutchman translating 'New York' as 'New Amsterdam.'&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;New York&quot; will be perfectly translated as &quot;Nueva York&quot; when translating the text to Spanish. &quot;London&quot; would have been translated as &quot;Londres&quot; and the list goes on. Thus, the Spanish version of the novel will use the Spanish name for the city of Monterey, which may &quot;Monterrey&quot; with two r's (even if there is already a &quot;Monterry&quot;. Very similar names for places, or even the same name for different places is not uncommon).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I don't think that &quot;Monte&lt;strong&gt;rr&lt;/strong&gt;ey&quot; is forced for historical reasons. I think that &quot;Monterrey&quot; is the Spanish name for the same city or the translator is unaware of it if &quot;Monterey&quot; is actually the oficial name of the city in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T20:56:27.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12980" CreationDate="2015-06-10T21:12:21.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on a lot of factors, mainly dictated by history. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the name of states: Florida is still often translated as &lt;em&gt;La Florida&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;tierra florida&lt;/em&gt;, IIRC). But Montana, which comes from Spanish &lt;em&gt;Montaña&lt;/em&gt; is both spelled and pronounced &lt;em&gt;Montana&lt;/em&gt; in modern Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most cities that end in &lt;em&gt;-b(o)urg(h)&lt;/em&gt; will be &lt;em&gt;-burgo&lt;/em&gt;, and most cities with European counterparts that have specialized names will retain them, and sometimes not (most of my Spanish speaking friends refer to Athens, Georgia, as if it were spelled &lt;em&gt;acens, yorya&lt;/em&gt;, but refer to the Greek city as &lt;em&gt;Atenas&lt;/em&gt; and the country Georgia as if spelled &lt;em&gt;jeorjia&lt;/em&gt; (following normal rules).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other times there are multiple terms in use and the translator must consider his audience, trends in usage, etc, to decide. Albuquerque, New Mexico, could be translated as any of the following with justification: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albuquerque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albuquerque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albuquerque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albuquerque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albu&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;querque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albu&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;querque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albu&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;querque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Albu&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;querque, Nuev&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Mé&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For native Spanish speakers from old New Mexican families, the &lt;em&gt;-r-&lt;/em&gt; is normal in pronunciation (and also matches the original city in Extremadura). For English speakers and some younger or immigrant (like from Mexico) speakers, the name won't have the &lt;em&gt;-r-&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For historical books, the &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; is needed because it modifies the elided &lt;em&gt;provincia&lt;/em&gt; (that is, it was the &lt;em&gt;new province&lt;/em&gt; [of Mexico]). Because it was so often elided, speakers reanalyzed it as modifying the toponym directly and Mexico is considered masculine for that, hence modern &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; comes down to preference, both are considered correct, though the DPD strongly prefers &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; better reminds the etymology (and former sound, it was said like &lt;em&gt;meshico&lt;/em&gt;) and the &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; matches modern orthography better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translator gets 8 choices in this case. With &lt;em&gt;Monterrey&lt;/em&gt;, they only have two, but they will undoubtedly apply some of the same reasoning to decide which one is best given what their audience expects and what the original author may have intended given context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T21:12:21.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12985" CreationDate="2015-06-11T03:11:26.783" Score="7" ViewCount="26543" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me hace que refieren a la misma cosa, pero algunos me dicen que son distintas.  Formalmente, ¿hay alguna diferencia?  ¿O depende de la región?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T08:13:54.547" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T06:09:04.583" Title="¿Hay diferencia entre &quot;caldo&quot; y &quot;sopa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12984" CreationDate="2015-06-11T04:28:18.960" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;El caldo es lo que obtienes al hervir algún alimento, comúnmente pollo, verduras, etc; la sopa tiene por lo general al caldo como ingrediente, y en su forma más básica es sólo un caldo con algún agregado, generalmente pan, sémola o fideos, aunque pueden ser mucho más complejas. También hay algunos platos a los que se llama caldos aunque estrictamente hablando sean sopas, como el español &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldo_gallego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caldo gallego&lt;/a&gt; y el chileno &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldillo_de_congrio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caldillo de congrio&lt;/a&gt;.  Las definiciones relevantes del DRAE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/caldo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caldo&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/sopa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sopa&lt;/a&gt; dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sopa:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Plato compuesto de rebanadas de pan, fécula, arroz, fideos u otras pastas, y el caldo de la olla u otro análogo en que se han&#xA;  cocido.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caldo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   1. m. Líquido que resulta de cocer o aderezar algunos alimentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, el DRAE no es un manual de cocina pero básicamente dice lo correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T04:28:18.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T05:36:17.317" Score="0" ViewCount="7214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apple choose &quot;El Capitan&quot; as OS X 10.11 name, it's a spanish word, what does it mean? And something about its etymology might help too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9187" LastEditorUserId="9187" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T03:05:17.243" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T21:52:04.807" Title="What is &quot;El Capitan&quot; meaning in English? And how this word developed along the history?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12977" CreationDate="2015-06-11T08:53:43.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, there are two rules to combine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always write a comma before an adversative conjunction (such as &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All constructions meaning &lt;em&gt;of course&lt;/em&gt; (such as &lt;em&gt;por supuesto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;naturalmente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desde luego&lt;/em&gt;...) must be surrounded by commas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You put these two norms together and get the correct punctuation, which is the one you write in your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Universidad Católica fue puntero toda la liga, pero, por supuesto,&#xA;  salieron segundos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a concordance error in this sentence, but that's a different thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ommitting the commas can lead to a different meaning in some sentences using these elements. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es, naturalmente, un carnívoro, pero puede subsistir con una&#xA;  dieta omnívora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means: &lt;em&gt;The cat is, of course, a carnivore, but it can subsist on an omnivorous diet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato es naturalmente un carnívoro, pero puede subsistir con una&#xA;  dieta omnívora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means: &lt;em&gt;The cat is a carnivore by nature, but it can subsist on an omnivorous diet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T08:53:43.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12986" CreationDate="2015-06-11T10:40:10.023" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Capitan&quot;&gt;&quot;El Capitan&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a rock formation in Yosemite national park. Since the previous OS X version is Yosemite I guess it is related to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T18:20:04.830" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T18:20:04.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T13:50:51.323" Score="2" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these three sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si considerases que alguno &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si considerases que alguno &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si considerases que alguno &lt;strong&gt;fuese&lt;/strong&gt; útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traditionally, the future subjunctive is replaced by the present or past subjunctive; for example, &quot;consideraras&quot; (present subjunctive) is used instead of &quot;considerares&quot; (rarely used) in these three sentences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, my question is about the second verb in these sentences. Should it be also a subjunctive? Why? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9183" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T21:32:44.830" Title="Use of future subjunctive" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12993" CreationDate="2015-06-11T14:12:23.790" Score="3" ViewCount="1036" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to a Spanish-language radio station on my commute this morning, and in giving a phone number, the &quot;disc jockey&quot; said &quot;tres veintitres&quot; for &quot;323&quot;. Why? &quot;tres dos tres&quot; is shorter. Is it just because it &quot;sounds better&quot; or what's the reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T17:45:12.633" Title="Why are telephone numbers sometimes verbally expanded?" Tags="&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12992" CreationDate="2015-06-11T14:24:33.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's quite usual, to group digits arbitrarly when pronouncing phone numbers. And in this case, I find it natural, I'd probably pronounce it in that way: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tres veintitrés&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; sounds to me more neat and clear than &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tres dos tres&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. True, the later is shorter, but it also can be slightly more confusing (in particular, &quot;dos&quot; sometimes -perhaps not here- can be confused with &quot;doce&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T14:24:33.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12992" CreationDate="2015-06-11T15:28:39.070" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the case of years: &quot;1978&quot; for you is &lt;em&gt;nineteen seventy eight&lt;/em&gt;, which for me in Chile is &lt;em&gt;mil nueve setenta y ocho&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;thousand and nine and seventy eight &quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why none of us says &lt;em&gt;one-nine-seven-eight&lt;/em&gt; (the shortest) or &lt;em&gt;one thousand nine hundred and seventy eight&lt;/em&gt; (the proper)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to group units into manageable pieces by both memory as phonics. &lt;em&gt;Tres-dos-tres&lt;/em&gt; involves memorizing 3 units. &lt;em&gt;Tres-veintitrés&lt;/em&gt; involves memorizing 2. The time loss talking is minimal compared to the memory won (one-third).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a feature of the Spanish language but of cognition in general (&quot;chunking&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T21:15:14.270" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:15:14.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12996" CreationDate="2015-06-11T18:33:25.350" Score="1" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedo decir que &lt;code&gt;armar una lío&lt;/code&gt; es una expresión completamente informal o no? Por ejemplo, si voy a contestar un correo de manera formal, ¿es apropiado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8797" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T19:13:48.987" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T19:13:48.987" Title="&quot;Armar un lío&quot;, es muy casual o apropriado para contenido formal?" Tags="&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12995" CreationDate="2015-06-11T19:12:17.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de ser una expresión bastante coloquial e informal, no es tan inapropiada en el lenguaje formal como para no poder usarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres mantener un tono muy serio en el correo sustitúyela por otra expresión (como &lt;em&gt;causar problemas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aumentar la dificultad&lt;/em&gt;), pero no necesariamente por incluirla va a causar mala impresión. Dentro de las expresiones coloquiales con este significado, esta es muy aceptable (no es grosera ni &quot;barriobajera&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T19:12:17.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12718" CreationDate="2015-06-11T21:56:53.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/con&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Con&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/valor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Valor&lt;/a&gt;&quot; has many different meaning depending of the context. In fact, the word &quot;Valor&quot; has 11 different meanings, and the word &quot;con&quot; has six different meanings. However, the ones that applies here are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Principle. E.g. &quot;Con valores familiares como esos, tu puedes...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valor/Bravery/Courage. E.g. &quot;Con valor podremos enfrentar al enemigo...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monetary. E.g. &quot;Con el valor de ese equipo, podriamos comprar...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mathematics. E.g &quot;Con valor equitativo al de la 'y' &quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a more complete answer, I suggest to consult the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy. &lt;em&gt;&quot;The Real Academia Española (English: Royal Spanish Academy), generally abbreviated as RAE, is the official royal institution responsible for overseeing the Spanish language...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2836" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:56:53.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12929" CreationDate="2015-06-11T22:04:23.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una profesora increíble, con mucho entusiasmo y amor por sus alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you need to use a &quot;,&quot; before the &quot;and&quot;. However, in Spanish is not necessary.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2836" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T22:04:23.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T22:09:46.730" Score="3" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un equipo en la Liga Mexicana de Béisbol llamado Los Diablos Rojos &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su nombre, ¿por qué no se emplea &quot;de&quot; sino &quot;del&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T16:32:55.117" Title="Los Diablos Rojos del México -- ¿por qué &quot;del&quot;?" Tags="&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1883" CreationDate="2015-06-11T22:34:53.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Lo que&amp;quot; indeed means &amp;quot;what&amp;quot;, not in the interrogative sense, but in the sense of &amp;quot;that which...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que importa es... / What matters is...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me molesta es que ... / What bothers me is that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Oíste lo que dijo? / Did you hear what s/he said?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz lo que quieras. / Do whatever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pase lo que pase  /  Whatever happens ... happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9193" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T11:40:42.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12999" CreationDate="2015-06-11T22:47:02.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ciertos contextos literarios se usa un artículo precediendo a un nombre propio para realzar una posibilidad entre varias, en un momento determinado en el tiempo o relacionado con algún rasgo que sea distintivo. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Nilo más salvaje.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La España que todos queremos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La Rusia zarista.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El México colonial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos casos, un nombre propio incluye nombres comunes, como en Los Estados Unidos de América, donde &quot;estados&quot; sería un nombre común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en los países de latinoamérica se ha desarrollado el español de diversas formas, dándose el caso de que en algunos de esos países se estila el artículo como parte del nombre del país. Por ejemplo, en Argentina no es inusual que se refieran a su país como &quot;La Argentina&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de ese equipo deportivo, el nombre original &quot;Los rojos del México&quot; empleaba esta forma de referencia a &quot;El México&quot;, aunque no estoy seguro de que hoy en día sea algo común en ese país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T22:47:02.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="521" CreationDate="2015-06-11T22:54:42.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is my understanding that &quot;todo&quot; requires the neuter pronoun &quot;lo&quot; when &quot;todo&quot; is not further modified/explained. For example, you could say &quot;Juan lo sabe todo&quot; but not &quot;Juan sabe todo.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you can say &quot;Juan sabe todo sobre la jardinería&quot; because &quot;todo&quot; is not left on its own, but is further modified or narrowed to &quot;everything about&quot; a certain subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, &quot;Juan lo come todo&quot; or &quot;Juan come de todo&quot;, but not &quot;Juan come todo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9193" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T04:40:02.377" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T04:40:02.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12992" CreationDate="2015-06-12T01:42:33.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with the answer accepted, although for some specific cases might be right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all he is asking about a telephone number. We must remeber that each country, and even in some cases, different states, have different phone numbers convention, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_conventions_for_writing_telephone_numbers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case the radio was Spanish (from Spain), our convention is to say the numbers in Madrid 91 (province prefix) XXX - XX - XX &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For my home's telephone number is say, something like ninety one, one two three, zero five, twenty two. In the previous one I changed a little. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, a famous radio called Los Cuarenta Principales (40), play with their name and number, since their number is 91 X 39 40 40.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9195" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T01:42:33.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12999" CreationDate="2015-06-12T11:49:49.700" Score="-2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Liga &lt;strong&gt;Mexicana&lt;/strong&gt; de Béisbol llamado Los Diablos Rojos del México&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La liga es mexicana, pues ya sabemos que los juegos pasan en el país México.  Y en México existe una ciudad epónima.  El Distrito Federal de México / Distrito. Federal. (D.F)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la mayoría de la gente mexicana se refieren a esa ciudad como &lt;code&gt;México&lt;/code&gt;.  Tambien es común oír &lt;code&gt;D.F&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer nos fuimos al D.F&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre nació en el México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro capital se ubica en el Distrito Federal de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T13:05:29.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12999" CreationDate="2015-06-12T16:32:55.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe otro equipo que se llama &lt;strong&gt;Rojos del Ejido&lt;/strong&gt;, nombre que se debe a que son el equipo de béisbol que pertenece al &lt;strong&gt;Club Polideportivo Ejido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de esta pobre evidencia, pero considerando además &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.milb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20150330&amp;amp;content_id=115553142&amp;amp;fext=.jsp&amp;amp;vkey=news_l125&amp;amp;sid=l125&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; que habla del ingreso del &lt;strong&gt;Club México&lt;/strong&gt; a la Liga Mexicana hace 75 años, podemos suponer que el origen del nombre está en que los &lt;strong&gt;Diablos Rojos&lt;/strong&gt; son el equipo de beisbol &lt;strong&gt;del Club México&lt;/strong&gt;. No serían del &lt;em&gt;país&lt;/em&gt; México (que no lleva artículo &quot;el&quot;) sino del &lt;em&gt;club&lt;/em&gt; México (que sí lleva artículo). Y por sinécdoque o por el simple paso del tiempo se perdió la palabra &lt;strong&gt;club&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi respuesta es sólo una suposición. Soy chileno y no tengo ninguna referencia acerca de los clubes deportivos mexicanos y mucho menos del béisbol. Pero sirve como hipótesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T16:32:55.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13024" CreationDate="2015-06-12T17:10:56.483" Score="0" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my concise dictionaries listed an intransitive form for the verb &quot;casar&quot; so I went to spanishcentral.com for some example sentences. I think it cleared up my question about the intransitive usage but I noticed that the same example appears under &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/casarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;transitive and reflexive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los casó el cura del pueblo. (&lt;em&gt;They were married by the village&#xA;  priest.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expected a reflexive more like this (which I made up myself and might be wrong):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos casamos en un lugar muy especial y hermoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you say theirs is a perfectly good example and I'm just missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4132" LastEditorUserId="4132" LastEditDate="2015-06-13T17:48:04.707" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T16:31:05.203" Title="Is this a bad example sentence for the reflexive casarse?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12992" CreationDate="2015-06-12T17:45:12.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Radio is an entirely auditory experience. I would suggest the purpose is primarily  to give a boring telephone in a way that sounds more interesting and much more memorable. I think it is accomplished here by changing the rhythm and emphasizing the accent on &lt;code&gt;tres&lt;/code&gt;. Besides that I think the economy of saving one syllable is made up by not having the extra space between the three words (numerals) individually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4132" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T17:45:12.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13011" CreationDate="2015-06-12T21:14:35.713" Score="2" ViewCount="774" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard the 'n' in &quot;Me llaman Carlos&quot; voiced as [ŋ] (the &quot;ng&quot; sound in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it ever correct to voice it as &quot;Me ʝaman kaɾlos&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under what circumstances is 'n' voiced as [ŋ] versus [n]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T21:32:22.453" Title="pronunciation of final n as [ŋ]" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13010" CreationDate="2015-06-12T21:27:21.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a normal feature of Spanish (and indeed many other languages) called &lt;em&gt;assimilation&lt;/em&gt;. More specifically, in this instance, it's called &lt;em&gt;anticipatory coarticulation&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the normally alveolar voiced nasal /n/ immediately precedes a velar (for Spanish you have /k/, /g/, and /x/), the articulatory position of the /n/ is pushed back in preparation for the velar sound, thus being realized as the allophone [ŋ] instead of the &quot;default&quot; [n]. This makes the sound of the two letters closer, and easier to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's perfectly correct and indeed expected, such that &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; doing it will sound a bit off and overenunciated. But don't think about it, your mouth/tongue will generally take care of it automatically when speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Also there are some dialects that word/phrase finally do this naturally to all /n/, if I remember correctly, but I can't recall which at the moment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T21:32:22.453" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T21:32:22.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13015" CreationDate="2015-06-12T22:31:46.407" Score="8" ViewCount="2758" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi amigo Bert, who grew up in Mexico, told me last night that he's never understood why the expression &quot;cada ocho dias&quot; (every 8 days) means once a week. My theory is that if you &quot;count both ends&quot; (such as Friday == 1, Saturday == 2, etc.) the next week (Friday in this case) is #8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I on the right track, or have I gone off the rails?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:50:51.613" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T09:50:51.613" Title="Why does &quot;every eight days&quot; mean once a week?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13014" CreationDate="2015-06-12T23:03:43.963" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you include &quot;Today&quot;, and refer to the same day next week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;strong&gt;today is Monday&lt;/strong&gt; then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Today:1&#xA;Tuesday:2&#xA;Wednesday:3&#xA;Thursday:4&#xA;Friday:5&#xA;Saturday:6&#xA;Sunday:7&#xA;Monday:8&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very common in Spanish, and also interchangeable for 7 days. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone will know you meant next week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mathematically speaking it would be 7 days, since from today to next week same day there is only 168hr = 7days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T23:03:43.963" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13007" CreationDate="2015-06-12T23:49:50.300" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;the verb &quot;casar&quot; you can use as transitive or intransitive; it depend the context.&#xA;In the first form (intransitive) the meaning is: get married (husband or wife). Él (husband) y yo (wife) nos casamos.&#xA;In the second form (transitive) the meaning is: approve a wedding (priest or judge). Él (judge) nos casó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the next website &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/casar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/casar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9203" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T23:49:50.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12991" CreationDate="2015-06-13T00:35:25.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In daily speech, the three forms are equal; but, strictly speaking, they are different semantically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The sentence conveys that you, &lt;em&gt;in this moment&lt;/em&gt;, suppose the thing is useful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The sentence conveys that you suppose that the thing &lt;em&gt;will become&lt;/em&gt; useful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The sentence conveys that you suppose that the thing &lt;em&gt;has been&lt;/em&gt; useful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: If you have a car with a broken tire, &quot;tú consideraras que el neumático &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; útil.&quot;&#xA;On the other hand, if you don't have a car, but are thinking of buying one, &quot;tú consideraras que el neumático &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; útil.&quot; Finally, if you had a car with a broken tire, &quot;tú consideraras que el neumático &lt;strong&gt;fuese&lt;/strong&gt; útil (in that past day).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;consideraras&quot; in the first option, however, &quot;consideras&quot; (tense present indicative) would be more commonly used.&#xA;You can visit the following website for more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conjugacion.es/del/verbo/considerar.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.conjugacion.es/del/verbo/considerar.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9203" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T18:43:01.137" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T18:43:01.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13007" CreationDate="2015-06-13T08:00:40.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ESPAÑOL (see english at the end):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un mismo verbo puede tener diferentes propiedades según el modo de empleo, e incluso puede tener diferentes significados dependiendo del uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del verbo &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/casar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; es siempre transitivo excepto en su forma reflexiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu primer ejemplo &quot;Los casó el cura del pueblo&quot; el verbo &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; actúa como &lt;strong&gt;transitivo&lt;/strong&gt;, porque el cura realiza la acción de casar sobre algo o alguien (una pareja de personas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo ejemplo &quot;Nos casamos en un lugar muy especial y hermoso&quot; el verbo &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; actúa como &lt;strong&gt;intransitivo reflexivo recíproco&lt;/strong&gt;. El mismo uso se encuentra en otros verbos como &lt;em&gt;separarse&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pelearse&lt;/em&gt;: Dos personas se casan/separan/pelean entre sí, y la acción no puede llevarse a cabo sin uno de los participantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, este verbo es un ejemplo bastante inusual, y no es el que yo escogería para usar como ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te sugiero que eches un vistazo a estos ejemplos de verbos reflexivos en la web de Lingolía:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/verbos-reflexivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/verbos-reflexivos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ENGLISH:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same verb can have different properties depending on the method of use, and may even have different meanings depending on the usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; verb and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/casar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to the Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; is always transitive except in its reflexive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your first example &quot;Los casó el cura del pueblo&quot;, the &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; verb acts as &lt;strong&gt;transitive&lt;/strong&gt;, because the priest performs the action of marrying on something or someone (a couple of people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example &quot;Nos casamos en un lugar muy especial y hermoso&quot;, the &lt;em&gt;casar&lt;/em&gt; verb acts as &lt;strong&gt;intransitive reflexive reciprocal&lt;/strong&gt;. Same usage can be found for verbs like &lt;em&gt;separarse&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pelearse&lt;/em&gt;: Two people get married / separated / they fight each other, and the action can not be carried out without one of the participants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this verb is an unusual example, and is not what I would choose to use as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to take a look at these examples of reflexive verbs in the Lingolía web:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/verbos-reflexivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/verbos-reflexivos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T08:08:22.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13021" CreationDate="2015-06-13T16:21:13.980" Score="0" ViewCount="1067" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of verbs are used, for the different ways a dog walks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in the case of a &lt;strong&gt;horse&lt;/strong&gt;, it could be &lt;strong&gt;trotar&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;galopar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What possibilities exist for a dog?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7234" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:21:24.920" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:21:24.920" Title="What verb is used for the way that dogs walk?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13020" CreationDate="2015-06-13T18:10:45.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no specific verb, you can go either with &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt;, even &lt;em&gt;correr&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;trotar&lt;/em&gt; if it is running&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T18:10:45.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13020" CreationDate="2015-06-13T23:42:46.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, for dogs there is not an specific word, you can just use &quot;caminar&quot; that applies to horses too, &quot;galopar&quot; it's just a specific style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T18:08:09.763" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T18:08:09.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13007" CreationDate="2015-06-15T16:31:05.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The web you link has a mistake. As you correctly noticed, the examples for the reflexive use are wrong. It looks like somebody just cut and pasted the examples for the transitive use instead of inserting the right ones. Your made-up example is a good one indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Casar&lt;/em&gt; is a funny verb because, strictly speaking, it should always be reciprocal. Two people marry each other; the priest (or the judge, or whoever) just acts as an officiant. But use of the verb has changed through the years. Now we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transitive use (the examples from the web are good)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reciprocal use (as I wrote, your made-up example is excellent)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reflexive use (&lt;em&gt;Me casé en un lugar muy especial y hermoso&lt;/em&gt;, for instance)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intransitive use (&lt;em&gt;Casé con la hija del médico del pueblo&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The non-reflexive intransitive use can be found in some older texts and is still in use in some places, such as Galicia. But, apart from this, it is quite unusual and is generally replaced by the reflexive (&lt;em&gt;Me casé con la hija del médico del pueblo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T16:31:05.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2015-06-15T21:21:49.190" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is old, but it doesn't hurt to help:&#xA;I am a native Spanish speaker and I've been fiddling with the language a little bit to find that the best translations would be &quot;absurd&quot; or, taking the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;combler&lt;/em&gt;&quot; from the French language (that means filling, height or &quot;colmo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, as everyday people use French words in the English language it'd be ok to use it, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the end, it'd look like such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What's the &lt;em&gt;comble&lt;/em&gt; of a gardener? To have a daughter named Daisy and the other one Petunia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9215" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-16T01:00:29.173" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T01:00:29.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2015-06-16T13:32:01.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we bring Portuguese into the mix it might shed some light into this whole question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Thank you!&quot; = &quot;Obrigado(a)!&quot; &gt; which literally means I am obliged or I now am obligated to repay your favor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You are welcome!&quot; = &quot;De nada&quot; &gt; I'm basically saying to that person who thanked me that it didn't cost me anything (effort or otherwise) so he/she doesn't owe me anything.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9218" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T15:50:28.823" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T15:50:28.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13031" CreationDate="2015-06-16T14:50:53.920" Score="11" ViewCount="7310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Green beans are, in Spanish, &quot;judías verdes&quot; - why? What is the connection? Were Jewish people known for eating a lot of green beans, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KrPbGm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KrPbGm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T21:39:39.077" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T21:39:39.077" Title="Why are green beans called &quot;green Jews&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13030" CreationDate="2015-06-16T15:14:10.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Green beans weren't brought to Europe until after the discovery of the Americas, so it's doubtful it was named that because of the Jews. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MZoCnHr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE gives the etymology&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;perhaps&quot; from judío, but doesn't claim to be definitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As pure speculation, recall some of the phonetic changes that occurred in various words Spanish: x (pronounced line English sh) went to j, interior o went to u, f went to an aspirated h went to silent or possibly to j, the d/l/r showed some variability...  Thus a word like &quot;hada&quot; is, believe it or not, cognate with &quot;fairy&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if judía didn't come from judío, it may have come from some earlier word like xodío, xurío, forío, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, of course, there may have been another bean like plant called judía (for whichever reason that may be) that in turn gave its name to the American one.  That is, based on my rather cursory research, the most probable reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T21:36:22.570" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T21:36:22.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13030" CreationDate="2015-06-16T15:25:22.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, it is probable that derived from Jewish. Are other plants whose name derives from its geographical origin or some people who supposedly eats, as &lt;strong&gt;mandarina&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Citrus reticulata&lt;/em&gt;) [&quot;an official of the imperial China&quot;]. In Chile we eat a type of lettuce which we call &lt;strong&gt;española&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;Spanish&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are probably other examples of similar words in other countries and languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-16T20:40:38.017" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T20:40:38.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12026" CreationDate="2015-06-16T16:14:10.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Tener&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;To have&lt;/code&gt; something.  To possess something, a feeling, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos gatos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo tres dólares en mi mano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos miedo de tí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Haber&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;To have&lt;/code&gt; existence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be obliged to do something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;To have&lt;/code&gt; had done something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos camas en el cuarto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya lo he visto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que hacer ejercicios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is mainly used in its auxiliary form to create a &amp;quot;perfect&amp;quot; tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya comí / I already ate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya he comido / I have already eaten&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T22:59:26.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-16T18:54:18.080" Score="4" ViewCount="1424" Body="&lt;p&gt;I already anticipate that part of my problem is that I'm trying to literally translate, which I know I shouldn't (but...). I'm confused:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juan sabe nadar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read that this means &quot;Juan knows how to swim.&quot;&#xA;My confusion is this: how does the spanish listener/speaker understand the implied &lt;em&gt;how to&lt;/em&gt; portion of this sentence? In my beginning Spanish brain, I read this sentence as &quot;Juan knows swim.&quot;&#xA;If &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;knows&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;nadar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to swim&lt;/em&gt;, in what way is the &lt;em&gt;how to&lt;/em&gt; part implied? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I'm overthinking this, but it's a true stumbling block when I try to form cogent sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9222" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-06-17T03:41:38.200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T08:03:12.627" Title="Using “cómo” with verbs after “saber”" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13034" CreationDate="2015-06-16T19:10:37.557" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;They know it in the same way that in English the need to do something is implied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;John knows to swim &lt;sub&gt;(when he falls overboard)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a default interpretation that implies that he &quot;has to&quot;, and any deviation requires other wording. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, using a verb as the object of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; expresses an ability, not a knowledge per se:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan sabe nadar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;John is capable of swimming&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is basically the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; except that &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; implies some mental mechanics at work in doing the activity, whereas &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; lacks that implication.  Accordingly, inanimate nouns are rarely the subject of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; (except when it means &lt;em&gt;to taste [like]&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to express that he knows the mechanics/progresses by which something is done, that is, deviating from the standard interpretation, you'll need to specify with extra words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan sabe cómo nadar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;John knows how to swim (but may or may not be capable of swimming himself)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammar of the last one is actually rather complicated if you try to analyze it too far, but it's quite easy to use in practice so don't shy away from it.  Also in practice, you'll rarely be misunderstood if you include the &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt;, as generally in conversation, if someone knows how to do something, there's a strong implication that they are capable of doing it too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T02:34:21.037" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T02:34:21.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13030" CreationDate="2015-06-17T14:17:51.760" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As native Spanish speakers we often consider &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; (member of the Jewish religious community) and &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; (bean, not only green beans) as simply homonymous words. However, Google has taken me to &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?judi.a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this interesting article&lt;/a&gt; that seems to believe that there is indeed a connection between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, it disputes a previously assumed ethimologic origin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Academia la trajo siempre sin etimología hasta la edición de 1956, en la que le atribuyó esta: &quot;del ár. &lt;em&gt;ŷudiyāˀ&lt;/em&gt;, alubia&quot;. Pero la palabra &lt;em&gt;ŷudiyāˀ&lt;/em&gt;, que en el sistema de transcripción que usaban entonces y que todavía muchos arabistas españoles se resisten a abandonar equivale a جُدْيَاء &lt;em&gt;ǧudyāˀ&lt;/em&gt;, es una palabra absolutamente inexistente en los diccionarios de la lengua árabe, tanto los árabe-árabe como los árabe-lenguas europeas. Así que vaya usted a saber quién se la inventó y cómo y por qué lo hizo, pero lo que es seguro es que alguien se la tuvo que inventar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later, it goes on to suggest a possible connection between the words &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; (Jew) and &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; (bean):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en Oriente se llamaba &lt;em&gt;baqla yahūdiyya&lt;/em&gt; literalmente &quot;verdura judía&quot;, a las cerrajas, &lt;em&gt;Sonchus oleraceus L.&lt;/em&gt;, por la costumbre de comerlas como hierbas amargas (מָרוֹר &lt;em&gt;mārōr&lt;/em&gt;) en la primera noche de la Pascua judía; en al-Andalus este nombre de &lt;em&gt;baqla yahūdiyya&lt;/em&gt; se le daba al gringuelé, &lt;em&gt;Corchorus olitorius L.&lt;/em&gt;, porque formaba parte de las costumbres culinarias de los oriundos del Levante del Mediterráneo. Había también una &lt;em&gt;šawka yahūdiyya&lt;/em&gt; lit. &quot;cardo judío&quot;, fitónimo del eringio o cardo corredor, &lt;em&gt;Eryngium campestre L.&lt;/em&gt;, cuya raíz dulce se comía. También al bedelio, Commiphora mukul (Hook.) Engl. [= Balsamodendron mukul Hook.], como se daba en Palestina, se le llamaba &lt;em&gt;muql al-yahūd&lt;/em&gt; &quot;bedelio de los judíos&quot; (aunque otros preferían llamarlo &lt;em&gt;muql ˁarabī&lt;/em&gt; &quot;bedelio árabe&quot;). Y a la amapola macho &lt;em&gt;Papaver argemone L.&lt;/em&gt; se le llamaba &lt;em&gt;ḫašḫāš yahūdī&lt;/em&gt; &quot;adormidera judía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues podría haber sido un caso como estos, en los que se haya quedado&#xA;  &quot;judía&quot; porque se le llamase &quot;hab(ichuel)a judía&quot;, o &quot;alubia judía&quot;.&#xA;  En español hay más casos de fitónimos que indican procedencia&#xA;  geográfica o atribución a algún pueblo remoto como el arabismo &quot;sandía&quot;&#xA;  (del Sind) o el arabolatino &quot;albérchigo&quot; (de Persia) y en latín también&#xA;  se decía &quot;punica&quot; (cartaginesa) a la granada o &quot;medica&quot; (kurda) a la&#xA;  alfalfa, y el español &quot;betónica&quot; viene de &lt;em&gt;vettonica&lt;/em&gt; atribuido a los&#xA;  vetones de la antigua Celtiberia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No encuentro en español la expresión de &quot;habichuela judía&quot; o &quot;alubia&#xA;  judía&quot;, pero en catalán de Mallorca sí que la hay, y, además, para&#xA;  denominar a una de aquellas especies precolombinas de al-Andalus que&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=fesol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Alcover trae como segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;fesol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while the origin of the word &lt;em&gt;Judía&lt;/em&gt; is actually unknown, there does seem to be a possible connection between these vegetables and the Jews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T17:31:29.613" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T17:31:29.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4933" CreationDate="2015-06-18T06:12:04.647" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace años también me sorprendí de que &quot;carmelita&quot; fuera una denominación &quot;local&quot;. Ya sabía que venía del hábito usado por las hermanas de la orden Carmelitas descalzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora me encuentro en Haifa, Israel, frente al monte Carmel. En su cima se encuentra la iglesia y el monasterio de Stella Maris, origen de las Carmelitas (&quot;La Orden de los Hermanos de Nuestra Señora del Monte Carmelo&quot; o Carmelitas). Así que ahí está el origen ancestral de la palabra: el monte Carmel que domina la ciudad de Haifa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9228" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T14:48:31.463" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T14:48:31.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13034" CreationDate="2015-06-18T08:03:12.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though it's not a literal translation I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan sabe nadar = Juan can swim&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan sabe cómo nadar = Juan knows how to swim&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter implies more of a theoretical knowledge of the way something is done, the latter a practical one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T08:03:12.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13042" CreationDate="2015-06-18T15:20:30.907" Score="7" ViewCount="15118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cual es la diferencia entre &quot;claro&quot; y &quot;claro que sí&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they like &quot;yeah&quot; and &quot;yes, indeed!&quot; or &quot;sure&quot; and &quot;you bet!&quot;? - IOW, is the longer one more emphatic, or are they simply synonymous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is any difference between them based more on &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; they are said (inflection/emphasis) than the words themselves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T15:27:30.050" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T06:45:38.507" Title="What is the difference between &quot;claro&quot; and &quot;claro que sí&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13043" CreationDate="2015-06-18T15:25:57.460" Score="2" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some friends of mine live on Rota (an island off Guam). I might tease them that &quot;La Isla Rota&quot; means &quot;Broken Island.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, fuera de broma, what would be the proper (no pun intended) way to refer to their domicile in Spanish: La Isla &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; Rota? I assume so, because &quot;Treasure Island&quot; is &quot;La Isla del Tesoro&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T08:08:14.093" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T08:08:14.093" Title="What is the proper way to refer to an island?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13040" CreationDate="2015-06-18T18:40:43.173" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; has the same meaning as &lt;code&gt;Por supuesto&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; can mean either &lt;code&gt;Claro que sí&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Claro que no&lt;/code&gt;, so the is no difference between &lt;code&gt;claro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;claro que sí&lt;/code&gt;, expect that one is shorthand for the other. None is more emphatic than the other, because with &lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; you are assuming that the listener know through the context if you mean &quot;que sí&quot; or &quot;que no&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt;, as a question (&lt;code&gt;Claro?&lt;/code&gt;) could be shorthand for &lt;code&gt;Te queda claro?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt; as an exclamation can mean &quot;Now I understand (Ahora está claro --&gt; fácil de entender)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T20:33:49.423" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T20:33:49.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13041" CreationDate="2015-06-18T20:03:12.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Rota&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;la isla de Rota&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;isla de Rota&lt;/code&gt; are ok, even &lt;code&gt;isla Rota&lt;/code&gt;. If the place is renown you could omit &lt;code&gt;isla&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. Madagascar, Mallorca, Gran Canaria, Galápagos). Sometimes it sounds nicer to compound the name adding &lt;code&gt;isla&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;islas&lt;/code&gt;) but again, unless the name of the place includes the word &lt;code&gt;isla&lt;/code&gt; (e.g. Isla de Margarita, Isla de Pascua) then you can omit it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T20:03:12.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2015-06-19T04:03:25.243" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción que se le ha dado en los distintos grupos de Desarrollo Web en Facebook, Google+, Twitter, etc, es la de Interfaz de Usuario Adaptable  (aunque adaptivo no es correcto, el significado se entiende). Voto por &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Adaptable&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T14:04:47.313" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T14:04:47.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13040" CreationDate="2015-06-19T04:23:57.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone says &lt;code&gt;claro&lt;/code&gt;, it may not be clear weather is &lt;code&gt;claro que si&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;claro que no&lt;/code&gt;. &#xA;For example:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- ¿Crees que debo comprar estos zapatos?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;+ &lt;code&gt;Claro&lt;/code&gt;! (Implied)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very different from:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;+ &lt;code&gt;Claro que no&lt;/code&gt;, no son tu talla.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;+ &lt;code&gt;Claro que si&lt;/code&gt;, son perfectos para ti! (Clear Statements)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T04:23:57.863" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13050" CreationDate="2015-06-19T20:42:25.023" Score="2" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda con esta tarea de mi hijo. La oración es muy simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está oscureciendo temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que puede ser una oración impersonal sin sujeto, como en &quot;&lt;em&gt;Llueve fuerte&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, pero semánticamente &quot;siento&quot; que el que oscurece es el &lt;em&gt;día&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se analiza este tipo de oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T01:33:22.593" Title="Sujeto de la oración &quot;Está oscureciendo temprano&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13049" CreationDate="2015-06-19T21:28:46.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, en principio, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=oscurecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;oscurecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; está registrado en el DRAE tanto como transitivo (cuando el sujeto hace otra cosa más oscura), pronominal (cuando el sujeto se convierte más oscuro) e impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuese que el día estuviera poniéndose más oscuro, tendría que ser pronominal: El día está oscureciéndose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que no es pronominal, la interpretación impersonal es la más razonable a menos que interpretemos toda la frase con sujeto &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; objeto omitidos (muy improbable, opino yo), queriendo decir que el día en general oscurece otras cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T01:33:22.593" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-19T21:28:46.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13052" CreationDate="2015-06-20T08:58:26.410" Score="1" ViewCount="21579" Body="&lt;p&gt;When My boss asks &quot;Como estas? I reply :&#xA;&quot;Estoy muy muy  feliz&quot; Does it make sense in spanish? Or What is a better/polite way to say &quot;I am fine&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T05:32:26.883" Title="Polite way to say &quot;I am fine&quot; in spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13051" CreationDate="2015-06-20T09:28:05.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy muy, muy feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is fine if you are talking with a close friend and want to share your great vital situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to share something more polite in a random conversation with somebody not being that close, you better use other expressions such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Muy] bien, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy bien, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that these kind of questions are normally meant to be used as a salutation, normally people don't expect but a polite reply asking for them. So you normally add a &lt;code&gt;¿Y tú/usted?&lt;/code&gt; after it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funny addendum: In Argentina you can also hear a response like: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ciudadredonda.org/articulo/bien-o-te-cuento&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;escoge: ¿bien o te cuento?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, meaning: I am saying I am fine based on the fact you are just asking this for courtesy; but if you really care, I can tell you :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-06-20T09:34:09.097" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T09:34:09.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13057" CreationDate="2015-06-20T14:13:30.580" Score="2" ViewCount="718" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I presented to my teacher a sentence I wrote for my homework:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es el solo uno en nuestra clase a que gusta el helado. (John is the only one in our class who likes ice cream.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my teacher said it is supposed to be;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es el solo uno en nuestra clase que le gusta el helado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this doesn't make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T03:00:03.690" Title="How to use &quot;gustar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13056" CreationDate="2015-06-20T17:52:22.613" Score="1" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have encountered the following two sentences in Rosetta Stone Spanish course:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pasajeros de la clase turista comen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pasajeros de primera clase comen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that if you mention &lt;em&gt;economy class&lt;/em&gt;, you express it as &lt;code&gt;la clase turista&lt;/code&gt;, but on first class, you express it as &lt;code&gt;primera clase&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why does the latter case not use an article?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why does the latter case use an adjective before the &lt;em&gt;class&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I distinguish the other cases such as &lt;em&gt;business class&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;premium economy&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NOTE: Please answer the question in English.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T19:44:40.467" Title="Why &quot;la clase turista&quot; and &quot;primera clase&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13055" CreationDate="2015-06-20T19:44:40.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adjectives that describe number, such as &quot;primera&quot;, always come before the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Business class is referred to as &quot;clase ejecutiva.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, it is common to say &quot;pasajeros de clase turista&quot; without the article. I don't know why the lesson placed it on one and not the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually we omit the article in Spanish after the preposition &quot;de&quot;, especially when the preposition is creating a description of a noun. In the sentences you provided, the phrases &quot;clase turista&quot; and &quot;primera clase&quot; describe the passengers. The first sentence, in my opinion, would be better without the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T19:44:40.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13053" CreationDate="2015-06-20T19:57:11.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &quot;gustar&quot; is Spanish means &quot;to be pleasing.&quot; We use the form &quot;gustarse&quot;, which means to be pleasing to someone. There is no verb which literally means &quot;to like&quot; in Spanish. Instead of saying &quot;he likes&quot;, we say &quot;to him it is pleasing&quot;, or &quot;(a él) le gusta.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when we are saying &quot;John is the only one in our class who likes ice cream&quot; we would say &quot;Juan es el único en nuestra clase a quien le gusta el helado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*In Spanish, &quot;solo uno&quot; makes no sense. Instead, you should say &quot;el único&quot; or &quot;la única&quot;.&#xA;It is also proper to say &quot;a quien&quot; or &quot;al que&quot; instead of &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T19:57:11.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2015-06-20T20:16:39.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Catalan, to me, is like an Italianized form of French. It shares many similarities with Spanish, likely due to its development on the Iberian Peninsula, but it is more similar to French. It is most similar to a language called &quot;Occitan.&quot; It is not to difficult to pick up Catalan if you understand Spanish, and it is a good intermediate if you know Spanish and plan on learning French one day but find it too different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you study Old Spanish, you will find even more similarity between Catalan and Spanish, in terms of both vocabulary and pronunciation. For example, &quot;son&quot; in Cataln is &quot;fill&quot; and &quot;hijo&quot; in modern Spanish, but &quot;fijo&quot; in Old Spanish. &#xA;&quot;To leave&quot; in Catalan is &quot;deixar (pronounced &quot;day-shar)&quot; and &quot;dejar (pronounced de-char)&quot; in Modern Spanish, but &quot;dexar (pronounced de-shar)&quot; in Old Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T20:16:39.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13060" CreationDate="2015-06-20T20:32:57.150" Score="-1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is full of contradictions that it's hard to know which is really correct without being a native speaker and having spoken it for long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just take negation for example. I know in Spanish negative and affirmative statements are never mixed. But no, there are exceptions to that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we follow the convention here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María no necesita nada.(Maria doesn't need anything (nothing).)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would think it is correct to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ningunas vacaciones a Alaska no son completas sin una excursión a Mt. Kinley.(no vacation is (not) complete without a trip to Mt.Kinley.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When in fact it's not correct as it is supposed to be &quot;... son...&quot; instead of &quot;...no son...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6876" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T20:45:16.353" Title="Exceptions of forming negative statements" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-06-22T09:55:40.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2015-06-20T20:45:16.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, we only use double negatives when the negative word comes after the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;When saying &quot;nobody knows&quot;, we would say &quot;No sabe nadie&quot; or &quot;Nadie sabe&quot;, but not &quot;Nadie no sabe.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T20:45:16.353" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13061" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-21T05:43:23.707" Score="2" ViewCount="2214" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;I have been waiting for you forever&quot; ? &#xA;I'm having trouble translating &quot;I have been&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9249" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T02:39:44.093" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T15:54:38.363" Title="How do you say I have been waiting for you forever in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13061" CreationDate="2015-06-21T09:15:51.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, you will use the verb &quot;haber&quot; to mean &quot;to have&quot;, combined the the past participle of a verb.&#xA;To say &quot;To be waiting&quot;, we can say &quot;Estar esperando.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;I have been waiting&quot; is &quot;He estado esperando.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T09:15:51.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13061" CreationDate="2015-06-21T14:11:20.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Either &quot;He estado esperándote&quot; or &quot;Te he estado esperando&quot; and then something like &quot;toda mi vida&quot;, &quot;todo este tiempo&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9250" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T14:11:20.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13061" CreationDate="2015-06-21T15:13:09.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While using &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; together works perfectly well for translating English's progressive/continuous perfects, there's a more natural way to render them in Spanish using &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have been waiting all my life.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;He estado esperando toda mi vida.&lt;/em&gt; (less natural).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Llevo toda la vida esperando.&lt;/em&gt; (more natural)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T15:13:09.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13070" CreationDate="2015-06-21T21:04:37.257" Score="4" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Este dinero se lo dio a a Dill, ....&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...from the translation of &quot;To Kill a Mockingbird&quot; (&quot;Matar a un ruisenor&quot;) contains a redundant &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what is the reason for the doubled &quot;a&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T15:28:49.987" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T15:28:49.987" Title="Does this sentence contain a redundant &quot;a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13069" CreationDate="2015-06-21T21:15:30.093" Score="0" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[...] asalto con violencia y de usar un lenguaje soez e inmoral en presencia de &lt;strong&gt;la la&lt;/strong&gt; señora.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...from the translation of &quot;To Kill a Mockingbird&quot; (&quot;Matar a un ruiseñor&quot;) contains a redundant &quot;la&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what is the reason for the doubled &quot;la&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T14:30:42.663" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T14:30:42.663" Title="Does this sentence contain a redundant &quot;la&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-22T07:44:56.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13068" CreationDate="2015-06-21T21:20:51.103" Score="2" ViewCount="853" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why are window shutters called &quot;persianas&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If window shutters originated in Persia/Iran, I can find no evidence of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T22:35:47.600" Title="Why are window shutters &quot;persianas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13067" CreationDate="2015-06-21T22:35:47.600" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra persiana, proviene del francés &lt;em&gt;persienne&lt;/em&gt;. En el siglo XVIII, en Francia se puso de moda, entre otros muchos artículos orientales, una celosía de tablillas que podían enrollarse para regular la entrada de luz a las viviendas; se situaba entre la ventana y la contraventana o postigo. El artículo era algo nuevo, y necesitaba de un nombre; los comerciantes decidieron llamarlo según su procedencia (de Persia). Cuando llegó a España, en lugar de utilizar el término &lt;em&gt;persa&lt;/em&gt; que equivale a procedente de Persia, se castellanizó como &lt;em&gt;persiana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Persiana&lt;/em&gt; (roller blind) comes from the French word &lt;em&gt;persienne&lt;/em&gt;. In the XVIII century, in France it became fashionable, among many other oriental items, a lattice of slats that could be rolled up to regulate the entry of light to homes; It was placed between the window and the shutters. The article was something new, and needed a name; traders decided to name it by its source (from Persia). When it arrived to Spain, instead of using the equivalent term &lt;em&gt;persa&lt;/em&gt; (de Persia), it was converted to spanish as &lt;em&gt;persiana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T22:35:47.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13066" CreationDate="2015-06-21T23:05:53.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a mistake with the second &quot;la&quot;. There is another error. The last word is &quot;senoras&quot; in plural and without the &quot;ñ&quot;. Should be &quot;señora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9251" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T23:05:53.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13065" CreationDate="2015-06-22T02:48:51.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, that's an error. It should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este dinero se lo dio &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Dill, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9252" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T14:27:54.290" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T14:27:54.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13053" CreationDate="2015-06-22T03:00:03.690" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm spanish and the correction of your teacher doesn't make any sense to me neither. It should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es el único de nuestra clase al que le gusta el helado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in case you want me to correct your original answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es el ÚNICO en nuestra clase AL que LE gusta el helado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the uppercase words are the words I changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9252" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T03:00:03.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3988" CreationDate="2015-06-22T06:52:15.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, what's happening here is a bit different than what c.p. says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two things that must be considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does one count infinitives?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given 1., which verb form should be used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question in 1. is actually something rarely brought up in Spanish classes and not commonly recognized even by natives.  All nouns in Spanish are either masculine or femenine, and these two genders can also exist as plural or singular.  But, everything else (nominal relative clauses and infinitives) are neuter, and neuter only exists in the singular.  What this means is that no matter how many neuter items you build up in a sequence, they are still treated as if singular (exception: if they the neuter things are being contrasted or differentiated, then they are treated as plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we know that &lt;em&gt;estudiar y trabajar&lt;/em&gt; ought to be treated as singular and arrive at 2., that is, which verb form should we use?  When using copulas or quasicopulas in Spanish, occasionally you'll end up with the subject and the predicative nominative disagreeing in either number or person.  When this happens with persons (&lt;em&gt;el profesor &lt;strong&gt;¿&lt;sup&gt;es&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;soy&lt;/sub&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt; yo&lt;/em&gt;), if a pronoun is used, the verb necessarily agrees with the pronoun, which generally means the 1st or 2nd person.  If, however, the number is different and there are no personal pronouns (as in the case you cite, or, for example, &lt;em&gt;La primera causa [de algo] &lt;strong&gt;¿&lt;sup&gt;es&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;son&lt;/sub&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt; problemas [de algún tipo]&lt;/em&gt;), the verb will go in the plural, with some exception (a common exception being if the singular item is an uncountable noun, or if the plural item is a noun that doesn't exist in the singular).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, going back to the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estudiar y trabajar al mismo tiempo siempre &lt;strong&gt;resulta&lt;/strong&gt; un gran desafío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We know that this must be singular because &lt;em&gt;estudiar y trabajar&lt;/em&gt; collectively are singular and so verbs would agree in the singular with them.  But &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt; is a quasi-copula in Spanish and so we need to look at the predicate nominative which is also singular, so there is no question — the verb must be singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we go to the sentence that c.p. provides:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estudiar y trabajar &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; cosas que la generación actual no quiere hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that now we have the singular subject &lt;em&gt;estudiar y trabajar&lt;/em&gt;, but with a plural predicate nominative &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt;.  As we've noted, when there's a number disconnect, the norm is to agree with the plural (&lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be wanting some evidence of this.  To begin with, the ASALE/RAE has a description of it in their entry for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=ser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (2.1.1.b-c) and on &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=concordancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;concordancia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (4.1.c).  But here's a simple way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiar es fácil &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajar es fácil &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiar y trabajar es algo fácil &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiar y trabajar es fácil &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiar y trabajar son cosas fáciles &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;?*&lt;/sup&gt;Estudiar y trabajar son fáciles &lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(mal)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudiar y trabajar son iguales de fácil &lt;sub&gt;(bien)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask the average Spanish speaker, the next-to-the-last sentence will sound very odd, if not downright wrong.  All the other sentences will sound perfect fine and unremarkable (the last one illustrates the contrasted situation allowing plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T12:33:54.893" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T12:33:54.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13204" CreationDate="2015-06-22T07:28:29.557" Score="21" ViewCount="3520" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en la RAE el origen etimológico de las palabras &lt;code&gt;quirúrgico&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;cirugía&lt;/code&gt; y veo que son el mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/quir%C3%BArgico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quirúrgico, ca.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. chirurgĭcus, y este del gr. χειρουργικός).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cirug%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cirugía.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. chirurgĭa, y este del gr. χειρουργία).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿por qué en un caso usamos el sonido &lt;code&gt;&quot;k&quot;&lt;/code&gt; y en otro el sonido &lt;code&gt;&quot;c&quot;&lt;/code&gt;? Es decir, ¿por qué no tenemos &lt;code&gt;&quot;cirúrgico&quot;&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;&quot;cirugía&quot;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&quot;quirúrgico&quot;&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;&quot;quirugía&quot;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T23:29:34.583" Title="¿Por qué &quot;cirugía&quot; y &quot;quirúrgico&quot;, teniendo la misma raíz, se pronuncian diferente?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13073" CreationDate="2015-06-22T08:33:05.517" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de las palabras procedentes del griego χειρ (mano) el sonido se traduce habitualmente como &lt;em&gt;kir&lt;/em&gt;; así es con las palabras quirófano, quiromancia, quiropráctica, quiróptero...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la palabra cirujano se produce una excepción, probablemente debido a que la palabra fue originalmente introducida en un ambiente popular (a diferencia del ambiente culto); en este caso, se palatalizó el sonido como &lt;em&gt;cir&lt;/em&gt;, a semejanza de algunas palabras derivadas del latín como las derivadas de círculo, del latín &lt;em&gt;circulus&lt;/em&gt;, diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;circus&lt;/em&gt; (cerco), y este del griego antiguo &lt;em&gt;κίρκος&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T08:33:05.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13076" CreationDate="2015-06-22T11:35:30.660" Score="3" ViewCount="14057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just sent the following whats app message to my girlfriend in Guatemala city : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Mi amor! Te amo mucho.  Tú eres el amor de mi vida.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense in Spanish? Or is this the proper way to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; My love! I love you so much. You are the love of my life. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T14:26:42.850" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T19:29:01.570" Title="A proper way to say &quot;You are the love of my life&quot; in spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13075" CreationDate="2015-06-22T11:45:09.840" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain, so the language may differ a bit, but &quot;te amo&quot; is pretty much a superlative form itself. You can say &quot;te quiero muchísimo&quot;, but I think &quot;te amo&quot; has the same meaning, &quot;te amo mucho&quot; doesn't make much sense to me. About the second phrase, omit the &quot;tu&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Mi amor! Te amo. Eres el amor de mi vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Mi amor! Te quiero muchísimo. Eres el amor de mi vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But overall is understandable and correct, she will notice how much you love her :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T13:40:33.467" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T13:40:33.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13075" CreationDate="2015-06-22T19:05:50.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eres el amor de mi vida&quot; is the literal translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T19:05:50.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13081" CreationDate="2015-06-22T19:14:51.317" Score="5" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify my translation of 2 related statistical terms into Spanish, for presentation to an audience in Peru. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, the largest list of &quot;Mathematics and Statistics&quot; Spanish-English translations I found did not have these listed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The terms are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discriminant Coordinants&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latent Variables&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, these are defined as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://datamining.togaware.com/survivor/Discriminant_Coordinates0.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Discriminate Coordinates&lt;/a&gt; --  a plot of the primary differences between clusters (in Discriminate Analysis, which is a subset of Cluster Analysis), and which, being based on latent variables and eigenvalues, is similar to Principal Components Analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_variable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Latent Variable&lt;/a&gt; -- variables that are not directly observed but are rather inferred (through a mathematical model) from other variables that are observed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My best-guess translation for these are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coordenadas Discriminantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Variable Latente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9254" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T21:32:54.040" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T21:32:54.040" Title="&quot;Discriminant Coordinates&quot; and &quot;Latent Variables&quot; -- translations for a Peruvian audience" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13075" CreationDate="2015-06-22T19:29:01.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That makes sense. In spanish, &quot;muchísimo&quot; and &quot;mucho&quot; depends on how excited you are, being the first one the most excited expression.}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have texted something like... but anyways you're right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amor, ¡Te amo muchísimo! ¡Eres el amor de mi vida!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9256" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T19:29:01.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13078" CreationDate="2015-06-22T19:42:16.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;About the second term, I'm sure it is &lt;em&gt;Variable latente&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;You can check it in both english ans spanish versions on wikipedia:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_variable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Latent variable&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_latente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Variable Latente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the first term, I guess it is &lt;em&gt;Variables Discriminantes&lt;/em&gt; (if these are the same as &quot;predictor variables&quot; in english), based in Latent Variables (Variables Latentes) and Eigenvalues (Autovectores o Valores Propios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T19:42:16.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13078" CreationDate="2015-06-22T19:42:48.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the link to wikipedia you provided and switching language to Spanish, it seems that &lt;code&gt;Latent Variable&lt;/code&gt; is indeed translated as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_latente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Variable latente&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Coordenadas Discriminantes&quot; seems to be a proper translation for &lt;code&gt;Discriminate Coordinates&lt;/code&gt;. Maybe there is no term in Spanish to refer to the kind of plot you link on your question, but that translation will be suitable for your audience, since they will have a good knowledge of the domain (data mining, computer science, maths, etc.) and will probably be familiar with the original term in English too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T19:51:27.687" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T19:51:27.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13083" CreationDate="2015-06-22T22:29:56.017" Score="-2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hyperloop is a conceptual high-speed transportation system put forward by Elon Musk. A recent article begins with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como en su día fueron los dirigibles o incluso los aviones&lt;/strong&gt;, Hyperloop empieza a ser conocido como el medio de transporte del futuro.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a good translation for the first part of this sentence? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9257" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T23:57:35.167" Title="How would you translate &quot;Como en su día fueron...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-06-23T04:02:59.340" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13082" CreationDate="2015-06-22T23:52:11.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish, this is my suggestion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Like on its day were the blimps or even the airplanes&lt;/strong&gt;, Hyperloop starts to be known as the future's mode of transport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you asked for the translation of just the first part, but just in case I also translated the rest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9252" LastEditorUserId="9252" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T23:57:35.167" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T23:57:35.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13086" CreationDate="2015-06-23T09:58:16.493" Score="8" ViewCount="3639" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he visto esta palabra en el libro de Borges, pero no estoy seguro qué significa. &lt;code&gt;Alta noche&lt;/code&gt; ¿es noche con luna llena o es medianoche o es una noche en la que no se puede ver nada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6860" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:43:45.253" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T07:43:45.253" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;alta noche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13085" CreationDate="2015-06-23T10:22:12.027" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alta noche&lt;/strong&gt; es un equivalente a &lt;strong&gt;Altas horas de la noche&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España usamos las expresiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiesta duró hasta &lt;strong&gt;altas horas de la noche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiesta duró hasta &lt;strong&gt;alta noche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para referirnos a &lt;strong&gt;muy tarde&lt;/strong&gt; (temporalmente hablando). Así pues, en el caso de la noche, estaríamos hablando de las 23:00 o las 24:00 (las 11 o las 12 de la noche).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa misma expresión también se usa para la madrugada. Así pues, si decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiesta duró hasta &lt;strong&gt;altas horas de la madrugada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaremos diciendo que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiesta duró hasta las 06:00 o las 07:00 (las 6 o las 7 de la madrugada)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, en España dividimos el día en aproximadamente las siguientes partes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;madrugada: de la medianoche (24:00) al amanecer(06:00-07:00)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mañana: del amanecer (06:00-07:00) al mediodía (12:00)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tarde: del mediodía (12:00) al atardecer (18:00-19:00)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;noche: del atardecer (18:00-19:00) a la medianoche (24:00)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9252" LastEditorUserId="9252" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T10:32:58.680" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T10:32:58.680" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13085" CreationDate="2015-06-23T15:47:36.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el español moderno de Argentina, el adjetivo &quot;alta&quot; es utilizado por un sector social para denotar énfasis positivo. En ese sentido, &quot;alta noche&quot; podría ser interpretado como &quot;una gran noche&quot;. En el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eh, amigo, alta yantas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un individuo le festeja a otro sus zapatillas (&quot;yantas&quot; es equivalente a &quot;zapatillas&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9261" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:22:59.937" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:22:59.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T18:17:18.953" Score="4" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent Spanish idiom to the effect of something being &quot;either a trickle or a torrent&quot;? My (feeble) attempt to translate it to Spanish would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle, siempre es o [un goteo|un chorrito] o [un torrente|una inundación].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... but if there were something more idiomatic/recognisable to a native speaker, that would be even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9262" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T12:48:29.987" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent for &quot;a trickle or a torrent&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13089" CreationDate="2015-06-23T19:54:45.700" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer could be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle, siempre es muy poco o bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9267" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T20:49:00.353" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T20:49:00.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12929" CreationDate="2015-06-23T20:14:44.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have said...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una profesora increíble con mucho entusiasmo, tiene mucho amor por sus alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una profesora increíble con mucho entusiasmo y amor por sus alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Saludos! :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9256" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T20:14:44.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13085" CreationDate="2015-06-23T20:43:25.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Borges usa esa expresión por lo menos dos veces. Una es en el poema &quot;La Rosa&quot;, donde dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la del negro jardín de la &lt;strong&gt;alta noche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en el relato &quot;Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius&quot;, donde dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bioy Casares había cenado conmigo esa noche y nos demoró una vasta&#xA;  polémica sobre la ejecución de una novela en primera persona, cuyo&#xA;  narrador omitiera o desfigurara los hechos e incurriera en diversas&#xA;  contradicciones, que permitieran a unos pocos lectores -a muy pocos&#xA;  lectores- la adivinación de una realidad atroz o banal. Desde el fondo&#xA;  remoto del corredor, el espejo nos acechaba. Descubrimos (en la &lt;strong&gt;alta&#xA;  noche&lt;/strong&gt; ese descubrimiento es inevitable) que los espejos tienen algo&#xA;  monstruoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos hay un contexto de nocturnidad (&quot;negro jardín&quot; en el primer caso, la polémica de sobremesa luego de la cena &quot;esa noche&quot;) que remite a horas avanzadas de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto de las tres opciones de la pregunta. No sería ninguna: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;noche con luna llena: no, porque la expresión no tiene relación con&#xA;la presencia o no de la luna, y eventualmente se referiría al caso de&#xA;luna nueva pues habría mayor oscuridad &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;noche mediante: no conozco esa&#xA;expresión; si fuese medianoche, no necesariamente porque pasada la&#xA;medianoche también sería considerable alta noche (mientras falten&#xA;varias horas para la madrugada) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una noche en la que no se puede ver&#xA;nada: podría ser, pero para ese caso se suele utilizar más la&#xA;expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;noche cerrada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T20:43:25.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T21:56:43.810" Score="2" ViewCount="2316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos formas más comunes de puntuación para los números.  Como en inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1,000.00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como en muchas partes de Europa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.000,00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que las dos formas existen en español. Ya tengo un blog en español, y quiero saber cuál forma es la más &quot;universal&quot; o la más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el momento, la mayoría de mis lectores están en, o son de México y Centroamérica, pero el tema de mi blog es relevante para todos los países, entonces quiero usar la forma más usada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T15:38:02.070" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T20:18:28.340" Title="¿Cuál es la puntuación más común para los números?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;números&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13093" CreationDate="2015-06-23T22:17:56.397" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La segunda forma, creo, es la más común por ser la forma tradicional, pero en el área que mencionas, es la primera por influencia anglosajona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esta razón (de existir dos formas), la RAE recomienda la forma científica con espacios (finos, a ser posible) entre miles, y punto o coma (con preferencia por punto) después de las unidades como &lt;code&gt;1 234 567.89&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda, puedes usar cualquier de las formas y la gente te entenderán en los pocos casos ambiguos si siempre la usas, pero te dejo con lo que dice la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UGJUpDmIUKYymib,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que se hizo con la forma de separar los grupos de tres cifras en la parte entera de los números, los organismos internacionales de normalización han intentado establecer un uso general común para marcar la separación entre la parte entera y la parte decimal, inclinándose por dar preferencia a la coma en todos los documentos de difusión internacional.  Así lo establecer la ISO en su norma ISO 31-0, al igual que la Conferencia General de Pesos y Medidas […] No obstante, este último organismo decidió admitir ambos signos en su vigesimosegunda reunión […] reconociendo que la recomendación puede entrar en conflicto con la costumbre asentada en la lenguas o países que usan para ello el punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito hispánico, el uso de cada uno de estos signos se distribuye geográficamente casi a partes iguales: la coma se emplea en la Argentina, Chile, Colombia, el Ecuador, España, el Paraguay, el Perú y el Uruguay; mientras que se usa el punto en México, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Puerto Rico, la República Dominicana y Venezuela, así como entre los hispanohablantes estadounidenses; hay también países, como Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba y El Salvador, donde se utilizan ambos.  Con el fin de promover un proceso tendente hacia la unificación, &lt;strong&gt;se recomienda el uso del punto como signo separador de los decimales.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que haya errado en preferir el punto, dejando que la influencia anglófona crezca, pero ¿qué se le puede hacer?  Ah...seguir usando la coma ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T20:18:28.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13095" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T23:16:49.117" Score="4" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;Icing refers to a creamy, sugary topping used on cakes, cupcakes, to fill twinkies, etc.  It's typically made from butter or shortening and sugar, and often food coloring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a word in Spanish to convey the same thing, which will be as widely understood as possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I switch from the English page for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icing_(food)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;icing&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaseado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, I get &lt;strong&gt;glaseado&lt;/strong&gt; (glased), which isn't exactly what I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words that come to mind are &lt;strong&gt;merengues&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;turrón&lt;/strong&gt;, but neither one seems to be quite on target, either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of icing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HjbtF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N3ApP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:24:44.180" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:24:44.180" Title="What is a generic word to refer to &quot;icing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13095" CreationDate="2015-06-23T23:48:19.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid the there is no single term to convey &lt;code&gt;icing&lt;/code&gt;. Actually if it is filling something (like &lt;em&gt;twinkies&lt;/em&gt;) is called &lt;code&gt;relleno&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Merengue&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;turrón&lt;/em&gt; won't apply here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to go with &lt;code&gt;glaseado&lt;/code&gt;, which seems to be the best option, you could make do with &quot;baño&quot; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.directoalpaladar.com/postres/coberturas-sencillas-y-rapidas-para-tartas-y-pasteles&quot;&gt;&quot;cobertura&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;de chocolate, vainilla&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T23:48:19.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13121" CreationDate="2015-06-24T00:34:10.257" Score="3" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ser [muy] mariachi&quot; means, according to &quot;Smart Spanish for Tontos Americanos&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=Apwu_oW3770C&amp;amp;pg=PT218&amp;amp;lpg=PT218&amp;amp;dq=ser+mariachi+Smart+Spanish&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=SdCHDrSN2q&amp;amp;sig=lgnXfJYRYGt7PIAw3fUyHJfCWns&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=Z_6JVfbVHMH7-AGZko3ICA&amp;amp;ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=ser%20mariachi%20Smart%20Spanish&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;To be a wimp.&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? Is Mariachi music considered like &quot;elevator music&quot; or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T03:55:41.740" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:43:17.037" Title="(Why) are mariachis considered wimpy (or are they (not))?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13101" CreationDate="2015-06-24T00:56:24.897" Score="3" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my Spanish/English dictionary, &quot;tesoro&quot; is both the word for &quot;treasure&quot; (I knew that) and &quot;thesaurus&quot; (I didn't know that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how would you say, &quot;A thesaurus is a treasure&quot;? If you said &quot;Un tesoro es un tesoro&quot; would people know you meant that, or would it possibly be confused with the opposite (&quot;A treasure is a thesaurus&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T12:57:30.940" Title="Un tesoro es un tesoro?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13095" CreationDate="2015-06-24T01:01:06.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we say simply &lt;strong&gt;crema&lt;/strong&gt; for any creamy coverage or filler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T01:01:06.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13098" CreationDate="2015-06-24T01:02:08.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that Spanish for &quot;Thesaurus&quot; is &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesauro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Tesauro&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, so the proper translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;tesauro&lt;/em&gt; es un tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia, says that the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Proviene del latín thesaurus (‘tesoro’), y este a su vez del griego clásico thesauros (θησαυρός, ‘almacén’, ‘tesorería’)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the way to refer to this kind of dictionary of synonyms and antonyms is &lt;em&gt;tesauro&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;tesoro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T12:57:30.940" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T12:57:30.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13098" CreationDate="2015-06-24T09:20:11.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tesoro&lt;/em&gt; is a generic name some authors give to their dictionaries (of any kind). For instance, Covarrubias's &lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la Lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt; is a traditional (with definitions) dictionary. &lt;em&gt;Tesoro&lt;/em&gt; isn't necessarily a specific kind of dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What in English is called “thesaurus”, in Spanish is called &lt;em&gt;diccionario de sinónimos (y antónimos)&lt;/em&gt;. All specialized dictionaries are generally named in the same way (&lt;em&gt;diccionario de ...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, the term &lt;em&gt;tesauro&lt;/em&gt; is being popularized as a translation of “thesaurus”, but it isn't common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I would translate the saying thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un diccionario de sinónimos es un tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Tesoro” es un nombre genérico que algunos autores dan a sus diccionarios, del tipo que sean, como el &lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la Lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt; de Covarrubias, un diccionario tradicional (de definiciones). No es la denominación de un tipo de diccionario específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que en inglés se llama &lt;em&gt;thesaurus&lt;/em&gt; en castellano se llama “diccionario de sinónimos (y antónimos)”. Por lo general, de la misma manera (“diccionario de ...”) se llaman todos los diccionarios especializados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los últimos tiempos algunos traducen &lt;em&gt;thesaurus&lt;/em&gt; como “tesauro”, pero no es lo más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, la frase quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un diccionario de sinónimos es un tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T11:57:29.033" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T11:57:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13093" CreationDate="2015-06-24T09:22:39.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es la segunda forma. Aunque las dos son válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.000,00&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T09:22:39.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13106" CreationDate="2015-06-24T09:45:03.820" Score="1" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm totally confused between where to use the perfect and the perfect subjunctive when talking about the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g &lt;em&gt;they bought&lt;/em&gt; in the past...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So would this be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;habían comprado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish Dict describes present perfect / past perfect as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The present perfect describes an action that happened in the past and continues or repeats into the present or an action that happened in the recent past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this would be true. But the perfect subjunctive also fits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is used to describe an action that happened in the past and continues or repeats into the present or an action that &quot;has&quot; happened in the recent past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... it's the same. I can't figure out the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;habían comprado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hubieran comprado&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context: trying to translate &lt;em&gt;they bought a house ten years ago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;habían comprado una casa hace diez anos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9274" LastEditorUserId="9274" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T13:57:28.700" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T15:39:22.530" Title="Perfect or Perfect subjunctive for comprar?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13093" CreationDate="2015-06-24T10:32:17.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambos son correctos. Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;\2. Ortografía de los números escritos con cifras. Para escribir correctamente los números expresados en cifras, debe tenerse en cuenta&#xA;  lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Al escribir números de más de cuatro cifras, se agruparán estas&#xA;  de tres en tres, empezando por la derecha, y separando los grupos por&#xA;  espacios en blanco: &lt;em&gt;8 327 451&lt;/em&gt; (y no por puntos o comas, como,&#xA;  dependiendo de las zonas, se hacía hasta ahora: 8.327.451; 8,327,451).&#xA;  Los números de cuatro cifras se escriben sin espacios de separación:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;2458&lt;/em&gt; (no 2 458). En ningún caso deben repartirse en líneas diferentes las cifras que componen un número: 8 327 / 451.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) &lt;strong&gt;Para separar la parte entera de la decimal debe usarse la coma&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  según establece la normativa internacional: &lt;em&gt;El valor de π es 3,1416&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;No obstante, también se admite el uso anglosajón del punto&lt;/strong&gt;, extendido en algunos países americanos: &lt;em&gt;El valor de π es 3.1416&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ambos son correctos y tal vez sea más indicado usar el punto por el perfil de tus lectores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T10:32:17.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13103" CreationDate="2015-06-24T10:34:01.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subjuntive form is used to manifest an intention to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubieran comprado manzanas ayer, entonces no tendría que salir&#xA;  ahora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is similar to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If they had bought apples yesterday then he wouldn't need to go out&#xA;  now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicative is used to talk about the action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habían comprado manzanas, pero no suficientes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They had bought apples, but not enough&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2593" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T14:26:43.053" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T14:26:43.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13103" CreationDate="2015-06-24T10:49:43.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;code&gt;they bought&lt;/code&gt; (in the past) isn't (in my opinion) a perfect form. So, &lt;code&gt;they bought&lt;/code&gt; could be translated as &lt;code&gt;ellos compraron&lt;/code&gt;. Only in the case of the perfect form, like &lt;code&gt;they had bought&lt;/code&gt; would be correct to translate as &lt;code&gt;ellos habían comprado&lt;/code&gt;. On the following I write some usage examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday my parents went to the supermarket, they bought a kilo of apples. &lt;strong&gt;Ayer mis padres fueron al supermercado, (ellos) compraron un quilo de manzanas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They already had bought the apples when they realized that they actually don't like them. &lt;strong&gt;Ya habían comprado las manzanas cuando se dieron cuenta de que en realidad a ellos no les gusta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9252" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T10:49:43.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13109" CreationDate="2015-06-24T11:41:45.430" Score="1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the main difference between South American Spanish and Spanish ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9275" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T11:52:05.950" Title="Difference between Mexican Spanish and Spanish?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-24T12:22:52.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13117" CreationDate="2015-06-24T11:47:51.903" Score="1" ViewCount="2931" Body="&lt;p&gt;What're the differences between those both constructions?&#xA;If yesterday I had lost my dog and was looking him should I say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer estaba buscando mi perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer buscaba mi perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And generally, when should I use estar + gerundio, and when past tenses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastActivityDate="2019-05-22T14:08:40.257" Title="estar + gerundio vs imperfecto" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13107" CreationDate="2015-06-24T11:52:05.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las principales diferencias están en el uso de algunos verbos y de algunas palabras. Por ejemplo coger, tortitas, ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la siguientes páginas hay más información.&#xA;En la primera página la información hace referencia a la cultura, uso de verbos... en la segunda a la pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://desmadreando.com/2014/05/06/diferencias-culturales/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://desmadreando.com/2014/05/06/diferencias-culturales/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lalenguaespanolaenelmundo.blogspot.com.es/2012/03/las-diferencias-entre-el-espanol-de.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lalenguaespanolaenelmundo.blogspot.com.es/2012/03/las-diferencias-entre-el-espanol-de.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T11:52:05.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13119" CreationDate="2015-06-24T12:11:28.427" Score="1" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how to use past tenses with verbs like 'ser', 'estar', 'tener' 'vivir'.&#xA;Specifically, I can say 'Pensaba en ti' and 'Pense en ti'. They're equivalent of english 'I was thinking about you' and 'I thought about you'. The problem is, they mean the same (I think), so I am never sure which form is better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can say 'Estaba en Espana' and 'Estuve en Espana' what again mean the same. Which form should I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can say 'Tenia un perro' and 'Tuve un perro'. Both mean I don't own the dog now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at the verb 'cocinar'. &#xA;If I say 'Cocinaba una sopa' and 'Cocine una sopa' they don't mean the same. The second tense means the action is done, but first informs us that the subject started some action, but we don't know whether he had done this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with 'specifically' verbs there's no divison like above in logical context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you understand my problem and will explain me this, especially in my native language verbs like tener, estar, etc. don't have indefinido(past simple tense), only imperfecto(past continous), so it may be the reason of my question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="9276" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T16:24:32.723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T03:19:37.343" Title="Using past tenses with specific verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13103" CreationDate="2015-06-24T15:39:22.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;habían comprado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; it's a past perfect tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hubieran comprado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; it's a conditional perfect tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hubieran&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to express a result we wanted instead of the real result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hubieran comprado una casa hace 10 años / They would've bought a house 10 years ago. (So, they bought it, but it wasn't what they wanted.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;habían&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habían comprado una casa hace 10 años / They had bought a house 10 years ago. (They bought it, no matter what the result was.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T15:39:22.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-24T15:49:08.570" Score="6" ViewCount="982" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm listing four things, three of which are female, would I say &lt;em&gt;muchas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene muchos playas, montañas, tiendas y &lt;strong&gt;restaurantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;strong&gt;restaurantes&lt;/strong&gt; is male then do I start the sentence with &lt;strong&gt;muchos&lt;/strong&gt; even though it's followed by the feminine &lt;strong&gt;playa&lt;/strong&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9274" LastEditorUserId="9274" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T15:58:48.120" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T01:33:27.137" Title="Listing mixed male and female nouns. Muchos or muchas?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13112" CreationDate="2015-06-24T16:10:20.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would sound better if you had &lt;code&gt;restaurantes&lt;/code&gt; at the beginning of the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene muchos restaurantes, playas, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mixed masculine and feminine nouns would evaluate to the masculine, so your sentence is correct, it just sounds odd to have the feminine noun first with a masculine adjective.  It might sound a bit better if you said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene muchas playas, montañas, tiendas y muchos restaurantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T16:10:20.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13112" CreationDate="2015-06-24T16:15:16.647" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you start with a female one, you start with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; If you start with a male one, you start with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example we have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; playas, montañas, tiendas y restaurantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;restaurante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a male word, it doesn't change the sense of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can do an inversion like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; restaurantes, playas, montañas, y tiendas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since there are more females than males, it's better to put first the ones in more quantity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more complex result is to have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muchas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; playas, restaurantes, montañas y tiendas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have female, male, female and female. However since the first word was used with its correct genre, the sense of the sentence doesn't change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T01:33:27.137" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T01:33:27.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13108" CreationDate="2015-06-24T16:19:17.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both would be translated to the same sentence in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking for my dog yesterday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but, in order to explain what &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is doing to the sentence, ... you have to remove the &lt;strong&gt;status&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;looking for&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo buscaba a mi perro ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked for my dog yesterday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;there is still a continuity&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba buscando a mi perro ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking for my dog yesterday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;code&gt;estaba buscando&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;buscaba&lt;/code&gt; are in the imperfect tense, meaning there is no termination of the event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar means to be in a current, specific, and particular state of time or place.  So to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba buscando a ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means, &lt;code&gt;I was in a state of searching&lt;/code&gt;.. not &lt;code&gt;I searched&lt;/code&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba buscando a mi perro todo el día de ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was in a state of searching for my dog all day yesterday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo buscaba a mi perro todo el día de ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched for my dog all day yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-22T14:08:40.257" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13120" CreationDate="2015-06-24T16:24:19.093" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure which tense to use for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The event happens in August. But it happens &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; August, not just in the coming August.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[En Agosto] hay &lt;strong&gt;baile&lt;/strong&gt; en los calles y &lt;strong&gt;escenifican&lt;/strong&gt; la batalla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;([In August] they dance in the streets and re-enact the battle)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escenificar&lt;/strong&gt;  is &lt;em&gt;to stage&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bailar&lt;/strong&gt;  is &lt;em&gt;to dance&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the translations above correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9274" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:31:59.870" Title="Verb tense for an event that will happen, and happens every year" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13110" CreationDate="2015-06-24T17:08:17.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Estar&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba en España ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was in Spain yesterday, for an undetermined amount of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuve en España ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got to Spain yesterday.  I arrived in Spain yesterday.  I was in Spain yesterday at one point in time and then I was not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una vez que estuve en España me fuí a cenar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I was in Spain I went out to eat. /  As soon as I was in Spain...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Tener&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía un perro ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a dog yesterday, and it is unclear from the sentence whether I ever didn't have the dog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuve un perro ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got a dog yesterday.  I obtained this dog, end of sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ir&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iba al gimnasio ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was going to the gym yesterday.  From the sentence, you will never know whether  I arrived there or not.  All you know from this sentence is that I was on my way to the gym.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuí al gimnasio ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually went to the gym.  It's not defined whether or not I went inside the gym or even worked out.  I simply went TO the gym yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T03:19:37.343" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T03:19:37.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13118" CreationDate="2015-06-24T17:17:48.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would use &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; (passive) to express this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Agosto se baila en las calles y se escenifica la batalla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In August they dance in the streets and re-enact the battle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it can also be translated to this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In August you dance in the streets and re-enact the battle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In August you dance in the streets and the battle is re-enacted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:31:59.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13097" CreationDate="2015-06-24T17:43:17.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being called a mariachi is like being called a clown for the way they dress mainly, not for the music. In countries like Argentina (I'm from here, don't really know about other countries) mariachi music is considered as a joke and funny. To sum up, &quot;Ser [muy] mariachi&quot; would be a friendly (not offensive) kind of insult (insult is not the word, I don't know how to express myself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9280" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:43:17.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13110" CreationDate="2015-06-25T02:22:36.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you use indefinido (~simple past) when you are referring to a single action in the sentence. You usually use imperfecto (~ past continuous) when there is another (secondary) action in the sentence.&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pensé en tí la semana pasada&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; I thought about you last week&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pensaba en tí mientras estaba de viaje&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; I thought about you while I was on travel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estuve en España dos veces&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;I was in Spain twice&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estaba en España cuando llamaste&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;I was in Spain when you called me&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tuve un perro cuando era niño&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;I had a dog when I was a child&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tenía un perro cuando vivía allí&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;I had a dog when I lived there&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9282" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T02:51:01.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="836" CreationDate="2015-06-25T03:59:06.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Who is the third who walks always beside you?&quot; (T.S. Eliot, &lt;em&gt;The Waste Land&lt;/em&gt;, line 359).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The redoubtable and relentlessly ingenious Luigi Barzini's answer is the most precise, vivid, and memorable:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The very form of address, the third person singular, is also a Spanish left-over.  It is a conventional way of talking not to a man but to his aura, so to speak, to a shadowy person, &lt;em&gt;la sua signoria&lt;/em&gt;, his lordship.  &lt;em&gt;Signoria&lt;/em&gt; being feminine requires all adjectives and pronouns in the feminine gender, even in the case of males, thus engendering suspicions and confusions in foreigners.  '&lt;em&gt;Come sta lei&lt;/em&gt;?' for instance, usually rendered as &quot;How are you?', literally means 'How is she?' or &quot;How does this other and invisible person fare?'.&quot;  (Luigi Barzini, &lt;em&gt;The Italians&lt;/em&gt;, New York:  Atheneum 1964, 322). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2019-06-30T11:54:47.260" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T11:54:47.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13051" CreationDate="2015-06-25T05:32:26.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estoy muy muy feliz&quot; does make sense. But I don't think that is the answer you want to tell to your boss. &#xA;I am going to be concise with this answer: Think about when someone asks you &quot;How are you?&quot; you rarely say &quot;I'am happy.&quot; People usually reply &quot;I'm fine, thank you&quot; or &quot;I am good/great&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you reply &quot;Estoy muy feliz&quot; is not wrong. It depends on the context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9127" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T05:32:26.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13127" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13129" CreationDate="2015-06-25T08:27:44.090" Score="0" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't find English explanation of this Spanish word, so please if you can help me? Its about electronics. Thank you very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user9286" LastEditorUserId="2102" LastEditDate="2015-06-27T03:01:44.013" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T03:01:44.013" Title="What does &quot;solapable&quot; means?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-06-25T23:45:56.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13127" CreationDate="2015-06-25T12:09:22.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something &quot;solapable&quot; is something you can place over another thing and easily remove it, it's not very used and quite hard to explain, could you provide an example please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9280" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T12:09:22.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13127" CreationDate="2015-06-25T12:10:58.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means it &lt;strong&gt;overlaps&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;solapar&lt;/code&gt; = &lt;strong&gt;overlap&lt;/strong&gt;). A website for example, may have overlap menus (&lt;code&gt;Un menú solapable, o que se solapa&lt;/code&gt;), and some roofs use an overlap technique (&lt;code&gt;El techo está formado por tejas solapadas&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastEditorUserId="8866" LastEditDate="2015-06-26T12:28:09.667" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T12:28:09.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-25T14:45:39.090" Score="2" ViewCount="399" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the radio this morning, where free legal advice was being given to callers, a caller was perhaps being viewed as overly polite by saying hi and good morning to the host and co-hosts, and the host said, &quot;Hola Hola&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was she stuttering, being emphatic, or is this doubling of &quot;Hola&quot; a way of saying, &quot;Yeah, yeah, get on with it&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Her tone of voice made me think that she was basically telling the caller, &quot;enough with the niceties, let's go!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2019-08-26T20:19:10.573" Title="Does saying &quot;Hola Hola&quot; imply impatience?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2015-06-25T15:13:01.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina tenemos varias acepciones para esta frase, existe una muy coloquial que va así:  &quot;Chúpala!&quot; o la del famoso Diego Maradona &quot;La tenés adentro&quot; (el comentario de terceros que participarán eventualmente de una escena de estas dirían: &quot; Te re educó &quot; o &quot;Te la re aplicó, manéjala&quot;). Otra muy corta sería &quot;Tomá gato&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9287" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T16:38:59.180" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T16:38:59.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13130" CreationDate="2015-06-25T16:52:22.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could be perceived as over polite by saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola. Buenos días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since it is a little bit redundant, but your listener but be also nitpicking to address you as such...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;hola hola&quot; is redundant, you can't rush someone with a &quot;hi&quot;, so won't be perceived as a sign of impatience. As @Zukki points out, would be perceived as overenthusiastic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have ever watched The Simpsons show, Krusty the Klown always greets the audience with an overenthusiastic &quot;Hola hola!!&quot; (&quot;Hey, Hey, Kids!&quot; in the original version). He is not being impatient nor rushing anyone, simply is calling for their attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-08-26T20:19:10.573" LastActivityDate="2019-08-26T20:19:10.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13130" CreationDate="2015-06-26T07:28:53.003" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi me recuerda a Bugs Bunny de los &quot;Looney Tones&quot;, que decía &quot;Hola, hola amigos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realmente no simboliza impaciencia. Es una redundancia sin ningún significado, al menos en España. No estoy seguro en Latinoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-26T11:57:28.407" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T11:57:28.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13089" CreationDate="2015-06-26T07:46:51.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Trickle&lt;/code&gt; podría entenderse como &lt;code&gt;poca cantidad&lt;/code&gt;, y &lt;code&gt;torrent&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;abundancia&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu frase quedaría en español nativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle, siempre es poco o mucho. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para enfatizar podrías decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle, siempre es muy poco o muchísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es correcto decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muy mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T07:46:51.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12991" CreationDate="2015-06-26T08:41:02.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.Si considerases que alguno es útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La usarías en presente. Por ejemplo, si quieres comprar un libro que necesitas para hoy, y estas en la librería dirías: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si crees que es útil podríamos comprarlo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Si considerases que alguno fuere útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta realmente yo no la daría por correcta, además de que es una forma verbal que nunca o mejor dicho casi nunca se usa. Excepto abogados, jueces ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuere&lt;/strong&gt; es futuro simple del subjuntivo y suele usarse para realizar afirmaciones hipotéticas, inciertas o los deseos. El uso del subjuntivo no se usa y menos el futuro del subjuntivo, que se usa actualmente solo en el ámbito legal (para abogados, jueces ...). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sea lo que fuere (aunque normalmente se diría, «Sea lo que sea»). &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo, esta vez con el verbo &lt;strong&gt;insultar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quien insultare ... (se diría, «Quien insulte»)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Si considerases que alguno fuese útil, podríamos comprarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Esta es Pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo, y como la anterior no se usa mucho.&#xA;  Además no es una forma única: en realidad se podría decir &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;fuese&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque no en todos los casos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa en oraciones condicionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo con el verbo &lt;strong&gt;amar&lt;/strong&gt; cuya forma en pretérito imperfecto sería &lt;strong&gt;amara/amase&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo la amara, o amase intentaría conseguirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo amara, o amaría el dinero, si eso me diera la felicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta ultima forma se usa principalmente en frases asertivas o condicionales. el problema es que en español hay varias tipos de condicionales, te aconsejo que no uses estas formas si tu nivel de español no es alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si necesitas una explicación de los distintos tipos de condicionales haz una pregunta en relación a eso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T21:32:44.830" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T21:32:44.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13130" CreationDate="2015-06-26T11:52:07.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it's used with question tune (¿Hola, hola?) to try to attract the attention of anyone who's distracted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A single ¿Hola? is also used to this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T11:52:07.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13061" CreationDate="2015-06-26T12:03:25.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's important to note here that such a phrase could have two different meanings, and that subtle changes in the way it's expressed can bring to misleading or confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're trying to express that you've found your beloved one whose you were waiting for you should use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te he estado esperando toda la vida.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're trying to use exaggeration to express that you were waiting for a long period for anyone to arrive, you better use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Llevo esperando por tí toda la vida.&#xA;Llevo esperándote toda la vida.&#xA;Llevo esperándote una eternidad.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a strict point of view, both expressions are valid for the two meanings, however the one with &quot;Llevo&quot; could sound less sweet than the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T15:54:38.363" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T15:54:38.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13089" CreationDate="2015-06-26T12:35:33.857" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the phrase &lt;strong&gt;todo o nada&lt;/strong&gt;. It is not a literal translation, means &quot;all or nothing&quot;, but is a common idiom that can be interpreted as &quot;never average, always extreme&quot;. Your example would say so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle, siempre es &quot;todo o nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T12:35:33.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13089" CreationDate="2015-06-26T12:48:29.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally think the best compromise without it being too complicated would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hablo español con la gente en la calle hablo o muy poco o un montón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the form &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;o xxx o yyy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, this is to denote two options, one of them always happens. If we simply say &lt;em&gt;siempre es poco o mucho&lt;/em&gt; it isn't as clear and leaves some room to interpretation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T12:48:29.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2015-06-27T09:37:39.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es sin -s. Me imagino que te refieres al pretérito perfecto simple.&#xA;Por ejemplo el verbo &lt;strong&gt;jugar&lt;/strong&gt; sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(yo) jugué&#xA;(tú) jugaste&#xA;(él) jugó&#xA;(nosotros) jugamos&#xA;(vosotros) jugasteis&#xA;(ellos) jugaron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres conjugar verbos te aconsejo la siguiente pagina: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-espanol.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La página se puede poner en inglés, alemán, italiano, francés....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T09:37:39.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13142" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13143" CreationDate="2015-06-27T15:50:20.017" Score="1" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen various versions but not sure what would be an acceptable polite phrase. In Mexico a bartender told me it's &quot;ME DAS un mojito, por favor&quot;, in Barcelona a waitress told me I can just say &quot;QUIERO un vino, por favor&quot;. Both seem a little too demanding and not polite translated to English so I'm not sure I should be using them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9293" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T13:37:20.290" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T13:37:20.290" Title="How to correctly ask a bartender for a drink in Madrid?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13142" CreationDate="2015-06-27T16:26:59.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are, of course, many ways to ask for a drink, and most of them will have the same basic result: You receiving a drink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you imply, some are more polite than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bartender has already asked you &quot;¿Qué te gustaría tomar?&quot; (or similar), you can politely respond pretty much as you suggested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero un vino, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to approach the bartender/server, then you may want to be a bit more polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpa / Perdona. ¿Me traes un vino, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or as my wife (who lived in Madrid for 10 years) says would be far more common:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdona. ¿Me traes un vinito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diminuitive on 'vino' adds some 'kid gloves' to the statement, making it a bit more polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She also points out that in Madrid it's uncommon to use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; except when addressing your superior (in age or position), so wait staff would generally not be addressed with &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="6804" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T22:55:31.120" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T22:55:31.120" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13145" CreationDate="2015-06-27T16:46:24.200" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been listening to some Spanish audio files which, at the end of each chapter, go back over the chapter in a form of summary. The reader always says something that sounds like, &quot;Vijemonos&quot; (Bvee HAY muh nos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be something like &quot;let's see&quot; based on the context, but that is &quot;veamos&quot; right? In fact, in the English version, it's &quot;Now let's look at&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anybody wants to hear what I'm talking about, send me an email, and I'll send you an audio file; it's 3,540 KB (9 minutes). The word in question is in the last minute or probably less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If interested, email me at b clay shannon (one word) at att dot net&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively (I'll be away from my computer for most of the day today), you can download chapter 37 from the &quot;audio&quot; link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jw.org/en/publications/books/?contentLanguageFilter=es&amp;amp;pubFilter=lr&amp;amp;sortBy=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T18:05:36.767" Title="What word could I be hearing here?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13144" CreationDate="2015-06-27T18:05:36.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fijémonos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comes from the verb &lt;code&gt;fijarse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It like saying,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let's now focus on ... [something else]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T18:05:36.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1662" CreationDate="2015-06-28T17:43:02.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dominar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;domino&lt;/code&gt; works really well. When I was living in the Dominican Republic that's the word they used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9297" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T23:03:52.510" LastActivityDate="2015-06-28T23:03:52.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13148" CreationDate="2015-06-28T17:51:39.990" Score="1" ViewCount="3058" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishdict.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;English to spanish translater&lt;/a&gt; to convert the following sentence into Spanish : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I am going to go to Guatemala.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translater Response :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Voy a ir a Guatemala.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense in spanish? Or is there any other way to say &quot;I am going to go to&quot; in spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T18:32:29.113" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T19:22:02.437" Title="How do I say &quot;I am going to go to&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-06-28T18:29:51.250" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Makes perfect sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We often use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;voy a ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to add emphasis.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; also makes sense.&#xA;So either way it's correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T19:07:25.223" LastActivityDate="2015-06-28T19:07:25.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13150" CreationDate="2015-06-29T02:57:27.477" Score="4" ViewCount="1168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Spanish, so I listen to a lot of Spanish music. One of the songs that I have is called &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se te olvidó quererme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't seem to figure out what it means. Google translate translates it as &quot;you forgot to love me,&quot; but I just don't understand this construction. Is it impersonal? If so why would this be impersonal if it's simply saying you forgot to love me? Is it more along the lines of &quot;Loving me was forgotten by you?&quot; I've been wondering about this for a long time, thanks for any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T14:40:44.130" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T18:12:54.520" Title="Meaning of &quot;Se te olvidó quererme&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13149" CreationDate="2015-06-29T04:31:57.627" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;You forgot to love me&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, it isn't impersonal, rather reflexive (the subject is &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; is the transitive (takes a direct object) word for to forget, and &lt;em&gt;olvidarse (de)&lt;/em&gt; is the equivalent intransitive. By the mere conjugation we don't know which, but by context we can tell that it is &lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; in middle voice (often called the &quot;pasiva refleja&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; is an indirect object, but specifically is called the &quot;dativo (simpat)ético&quot; and tells us who is being affected by or involved in an action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because English's middle voice is much more limited (&lt;em&gt;the bread slices well&lt;/em&gt; is an example, where active is &lt;em&gt;I slice the bread&lt;/em&gt; and passive is &lt;em&gt;the bread is sliced (by me)&lt;/em&gt;), it's hard to give a literal translation that makes sense, but it would be &quot;Loving me forgot (and you're strongly involved/affected)&quot;. A semi literal one might be &quot;Loving me got/went forgotten no thanks to you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T14:19:39.707" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T14:19:39.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-29T15:59:02.697" Score="4" ViewCount="10283" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct response when someone says to you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saludos a todos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9307" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T17:15:47.923" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T14:33:53.073" Title="How do you respond to &quot;saludos a todos&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13152" CreationDate="2015-06-29T17:11:22.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can reply with the usual forms &lt;code&gt;hola&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;buenos días&lt;/code&gt;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the speaker seems to be trying to reach a broad audience, you don't need to go with anything special, like &quot;saludos a ti también&quot; or another &quot;saludos a todos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine yourself in a room with other people, when some else joins the group and says &lt;code&gt;saludos a todos&lt;/code&gt; (like a teacher who enters the classroom or someone who joins a meeting late). You just need to say &quot;hi&quot; to him or her. You may have already said &quot;hi&quot; to the other people in the room, or maybe you don't even need to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T18:34:50.740" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T18:34:50.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13152" CreationDate="2015-06-29T19:21:55.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we always reply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En su nombre...  (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En tu nombre...  (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which roughly means &quot;I will greet all in your name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T22:03:06.437" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T22:03:06.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13149" CreationDate="2015-06-30T04:51:55.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doing some research I found this thread which seemed useful:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/olvidar-olvidarse.102050/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/olvidar-olvidarse.102050/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does seem like the phrase in question is in a specific &quot;voice&quot;, more passive than saying &quot;Olvidaste quererme&quot;, which also translates to &quot;You forgot to love me.&quot; From info in the link I gave, it would seem that there's an air of forgiveness being communicated, versus condemnation at being forgotten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not a native Spanish speaker but I'm currently taking classes in Chile. I'll ask my teacher this week and update this answer if I don't forget!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8809" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T04:51:55.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2015-06-30T05:00:42.257" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about &quot;Te pegué!&quot; (I hit you!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8809" LastEditorUserId="8809" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T16:36:29.563" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T16:36:29.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13142" CreationDate="2015-06-30T13:53:50.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The polite (and I think most common) way is &quot;¿Me pone X, por favor?&quot; being X &quot;un vino&quot;, &quot;una coca-cola&quot;, &quot;una tapa de jamón&quot;. As Flimzy said, if you have to approach the bartender, add &quot;Perdone&quot; before&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T13:53:50.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13160" CreationDate="2015-06-30T16:24:52.657" Score="5" ViewCount="1084" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there's a technical difference between the words &lt;em&gt;speed&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;velocity&lt;/em&gt; that appears when you study introductory physics: velocity is &quot;vector,&quot; meaning it has both a magnitude and a direction, while speed is &quot;scalar,&quot; meaning it only has a magnitude.  Thus, if I simply want to communicate how fast someone is going, I'd say &quot;his speed is 30 meters/second.&quot;  If I want to communicate direction as well, I'd say &quot;her velocity is 30 meters/second toward the North.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this distinction maintained in Spanish as well, with the words &lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt; (speed) and &lt;em&gt;velocidad&lt;/em&gt; (velocity), or some other pair of words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-05-29T07:30:40.020" LastActivityDate="2020-05-29T07:31:58.020" Title="Do &quot;rapidez&quot; and &quot;velocidad&quot; have similar technical meanings as &quot;speed&quot; and &quot;velocity&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13158" CreationDate="2015-06-30T16:31:00.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite they are both different things, being one a vector and the other one a scalar, you get to find a lot of people saying &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;velocidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly they are both different, but spanish speakers normally work with those having not much distinction on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T16:31:00.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13158" CreationDate="2015-06-30T16:35:59.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.educaplus.org/movi/2_5velocidad.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;yes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that's a very restricted technical (and not very important) usage. In common usage, both terms are approximately equivalent. Also, &quot;rapidez&quot; is often used to mean &quot;high velocity&quot; or &quot;high rate&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2015-06-30T16:41:31.097" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T16:41:31.097" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13149" CreationDate="2015-06-30T18:12:54.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;More literally, the translation would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To love you was forgotten to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a common culture in the Spanish language to lay blame on what was forgotten, instead of what you would think it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T18:12:54.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13162" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-01T02:28:25.013" Score="1" ViewCount="1066" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I introduce myself using Spanish language? Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llamo Marco. Mi nombre es Marco. Mi apellido es Cruz. Tengo 22 años. Soy filipino. Soy de Filipinas. Soy de Cebú. Hablo filipino, inglés, español. Nací el 15 de septiembre 1997.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything wrong? Any suggestions for improvement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9312" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:31:29.367" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T13:52:11.633" Title="How to introduce myself to my teacher?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13162" CreationDate="2015-07-01T03:09:26.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me llamo Marco Cruz, tengo 22 años. Soy de Cebú, Filipinas. Además hablo inglés y español. Nací el 17 de septiembre de 1997.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T13:52:11.633" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T13:52:11.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13166" CreationDate="2015-07-01T13:10:39.067" Score="4" ViewCount="1691" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta parece ser positiva, pero me pregunto si hay una regla que lo justifique (o prohiba). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a oraciones del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡primera parte; segunda parte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si eso expresa la idea que quiero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡primera parte!; ¡segunda parte! (probablemente erróneo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta, sin embargo, no es correcta, dado que después de los signos de admiración no pueden aparecer puntos, y no sé si punto y coma sea correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T13:31:34.823" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:31:03.357" Title="¿Puede un punto y coma estar entre dos signos de admiración?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13164" CreationDate="2015-07-01T14:32:41.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desconozco las reglas al respecto, pero me parece que debes considerar que los signos de exclamación son esencialmente &lt;strong&gt;prosódicos&lt;/strong&gt;, y por lo tanto cabe preguntarse si es posible mantener la entonación enfática entre pausas largas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces creo que es semánticamente correcto englobar en un solo grupo de énfasis varias &quot;secciones&quot;, como en tu ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡primera parte; segunda parte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero me parece &quot;poco pronunciable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T14:39:29.680" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T14:39:29.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13164" CreationDate="2015-07-01T14:42:11.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo recordar de mis años de bachillerato que el punto y coma se usaba para separar elementos de enumeración o frases sintácticamente independientes pero que están relacionadas semánticamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diego es de España; Alejandro de Chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diego estudia informática en la Politécnica; Juan derecho en la Autónoma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que ese punto y coma escrito es una pausa que puede ser indistinguible al hablar de una coma o un punto y seguido es fácil preguntarse si se puede o debe mantener el énfasis de la exclamación teniendo esa pausa ahí, pero no hay ninguna razón por la que no puedas hacerlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada puerta se pintará de un color: la primera, roja; la segunda, verde; la tercera, amarilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser exclamado (cual orden en el ejército) como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Cada puerta se pintará de un color: la primera, roja; la segunda, verde; la tercera, amarilla!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T14:48:21.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13162" CreationDate="2015-07-01T14:47:17.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamo Marco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;following then with &lt;code&gt;mi nombre es Marco&lt;/code&gt; is redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Marco. Mi apellido es Cruz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Marco Cruz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people are going to understand what is your first name and last name. You don't need to clarify like that every time you introduce yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy filipino. Soy de Filipinas. Soy de Cebú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could go with something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy filipino, de Cebú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy de Cebú, Filipinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for a enumeration, like in many other languages, you use commas to separate all elements except for the last, which needs some sort of conjunction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablo filipino, inglés &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T12:50:47.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13158" CreationDate="2015-07-01T16:04:43.820" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are not the same thing.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Velocidad&lt;/code&gt; is a vector quantity, (it has a direction).&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Rapidez&lt;/code&gt; is a scalar quantity.&#xA;So &lt;code&gt;velocidad&lt;/code&gt; might be more like &lt;em&gt;velocity&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rapidez&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;em&gt;speed&lt;/em&gt;. They can't be replaced between them neither in Spanish or English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9314" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T16:51:31.433" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T16:51:31.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2015-07-01T22:22:59.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Mexican I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ándele!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tómala!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T22:22:59.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2015-07-02T07:17:58.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as alternative to what the OP asked, another meaning for &quot;I got you&quot; is &quot;I understand you&quot;. So you can say &quot;Te entiendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T07:17:58.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13172" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-02T13:07:17.950" Score="2" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to say &quot;Casa de los Perros&quot;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1 .- House of Dogs&#xA;2 .- House of the Dogs.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.plusesmas.com/genealogia/fotos_antiguas/sudamerica/mexico/guanajuato/imagen/88_25318.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a link&lt;/a&gt; to the page with a photo of Casa de los Perros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8606" LastEditorUserId="8606" LastEditDate="2015-07-02T21:33:27.197" LastActivityDate="2015-08-01T22:17:02.697" Title="The correct translation for &quot; Casa de los Perros&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13172" CreationDate="2015-07-02T13:43:52.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that the places receives than name for two sculptures of dogs that were brought from New York and placed on the upper part of the house (terrace). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to keep the meaning of the place the proper translation seems to be &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_Mexico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;(The) House of &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; Dogs&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, as can be seen in that wikipedia entry (I checked what &quot;Casa de los Perros&quot; was and after learning it is a location in Jalisco, Mexico I just googled &quot;House dogs jalisco mexico&quot;. That was the first result).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-02T19:57:53.667" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T19:57:53.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2015-07-02T17:12:51.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends about the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer to an explanation:&#xA;I got you! = &#xA;Formal way: Lo entiendo, entendido, te he entendido.&#xA;Spanish slang: te pillo, te cojo (DO NOT use this last one in LATAM!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you save somebody that is about to hit the floor:&#xA;I got you! = Te tengo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9317" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T17:12:51.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13180" CreationDate="2015-07-02T20:11:23.113" Score="3" ViewCount="2324" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;caballo&quot; means &quot;horse&quot; and a &quot;caballero&quot; is a gentleman, is the origin of the word that the &quot;lords&quot; rode (whereas the common rabble walked)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T02:47:06.380" Title="Is a gentleman a &quot;cowboy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13175" CreationDate="2015-07-02T21:26:13.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually it does. In the medieval era it was common for nobles (including knights) had access to the best education available, which meant they had better manners than commoners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9320" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T21:26:13.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13178" CreationDate="2015-07-02T22:11:04.033" Score="11" ViewCount="41556" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that &lt;strong&gt;Me llamo&lt;/strong&gt; is like, &lt;code&gt;I am [name]&lt;/code&gt; but so is &lt;strong&gt;nombre&lt;/strong&gt;. So which one would be used and in what scenario? Are they both acceptable? Is one more formal than the other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9321" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T18:50:02.980" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T21:22:11.713" Title="Me llamo vs. Mi Nombre" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13177" CreationDate="2015-07-03T01:13:52.573" Score="24" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me llamo&lt;/code&gt; literally translates to &lt;code&gt;I call myself&lt;/code&gt;, whereas &lt;code&gt;Mi nombre es&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;My name is&lt;/code&gt;, but the two mean essentially the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both phrases are acceptable. To some &lt;code&gt;Mi nombre es&lt;/code&gt; can sound a bit more formal than &lt;code&gt;me llamo&lt;/code&gt;. If you wanted to be more casual, you could simply say &lt;code&gt;Soy ...&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are having a conversation with someone you would (most likely) use &lt;code&gt;Me llamo&lt;/code&gt;. But if you were, say, leaving a voicemail to someone who doesn't know you, you may want to use &lt;code&gt;mi nombre es&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;code&gt;mi nombre es&lt;/code&gt; can sound serious and slightly uptight. As someone commented on SpanishDict, if someone were to introduce himself with &lt;code&gt;Mi nombre es&lt;/code&gt; in a bar, one might expect him to continue with &quot;Bond, James Bond&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8806" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T01:45:13.647" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T01:45:13.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2741" CreationDate="2015-07-03T01:15:53.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All-in-one&lt;/em&gt; se puede traducir de diversas formas dependiendo del contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo en uno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[Chico/a, objeto...] para todo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multipropósito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multifunción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en el contexto de tu frase, yo escogería &quot;multidisciplinar&quot;, significando que dispone de aptitudes para resolver problemas relacionados con diferentes ramas del conocimiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Averías de componentes [físicos] (&lt;em&gt;hardware&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instalación/actualización de programas (&lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuración (&lt;em&gt;setup&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conexiones y cableado (&lt;em&gt;connections and wiring&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Troubleshooter&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;solucionador&quot;. Puede omitirse &quot;de problemas&quot;, al entenderse implícito: una solución siempre corresponde a un problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto la traducción que creo más acertada para tu frase es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un técnico informático actúa como un solucionador multidisciplinar en&#xA;  asuntos de ordenadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que en latinoamérica suelen emplear el término &quot;computadoras&quot;, en lugar de &quot;ordenadores&quot;; es correcto y se entiende de ambas formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T01:15:53.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13175" CreationDate="2015-07-03T01:22:15.597" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;cowboy&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;vaquero&lt;/code&gt;, the one that leads the cattle. &lt;code&gt;Caballero&lt;/code&gt; has nowadays the meaning of &quot;gentleman&quot;, and the word comes from &quot;horse&quot; but actually not the horses used to ride (&lt;em&gt;equus –i&lt;/em&gt;), but the ones used for the hard work (&lt;em&gt;caballus –i&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caballero&lt;/strong&gt;, del latín &lt;strong&gt;caballarĭus&lt;/strong&gt;, es una persona que va a caballo o que cabalga. Dado que, en la antigüedad, la persona que montaba a caballo pertenecía a una cierta clase social, el concepto adquirió diversas connotaciones y significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/caballero/&quot;&gt;source: Definicion.de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caballus&lt;/strong&gt; venía a su vez del griego kaballes –ou, con el significado igualmente de &lt;strong&gt;caballo de trabajo&lt;/strong&gt;. El guerrero era un hombre noble que había servido como paje y escudero. La palabra Knight (caballero en inglés) deriva de la palabra anglosajona &lt;em&gt;Cnight&lt;/em&gt;, que significa sirviente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caballero#Etimolog.C3.ADa&quot;&gt;source: wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is on the first quote, that explains how the word acquired, by association, certain connotations and thus its actual meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T01:22:15.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2015-07-03T01:55:03.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una palabra que define perfectamente la acción de situar el cursor sobre algo: &lt;strong&gt;Apuntar&lt;/strong&gt;. Con esta sencilla palabra se entiende que el cursor debe ser movido justo encima de ese algo, y quedarse quieto (algún tiempo) en esa posición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T01:55:03.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13175" CreationDate="2015-07-03T02:47:06.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the historical context you're missing is that &quot;caballero&quot; is similar in spirit to the french &quot;chevalier&quot; which implies horse as well (cheval in french) but really means knight. So you can think of caballero as gentleman in a modern context, but historically refers to knights.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9316" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T02:47:06.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13185" CreationDate="2015-07-03T15:03:32.610" Score="3" ViewCount="20441" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Como se debe decir &quot;hacer nada&quot; o &quot;no hacer nada&quot;? Yo como nativo, lo he oido siempre como &quot;no hacer nada&quot;, solo que me entro la duda si en realidad es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2021-05-15T00:12:36.393" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;hacer nada&quot; o &quot;no hacer nada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13184" CreationDate="2015-07-03T15:05:31.020" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice &quot;no hacer nada&quot;. En inglés es &quot;to do nothing&quot;. Esto lo explica la RAE donde se indica que en español hay casos donde se usa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/doble-negacion-no-vino-nadie-no-hice-nada-no-tengo-ninguna&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la doble negación&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español existe un esquema particular de negación, que permite&#xA;  combinar el adverbio no con la presencia de otros elementos que tienen&#xA;  también sentido negativo. Los adverbios nunca, jamás, tampoco, los&#xA;  indefinidos nadie, nada, ninguno, la locución en la/mi/tu/su vida y&#xA;  los grupos que contienen la palabra ni aparecen siempre en oraciones&#xA;  de sentido negativo. Si estos elementos van antepuestos al verbo, este&#xA;  no va acompañado del adverbio de negación no: Nunca voy al teatro; Él&#xA;  tampoco está de acuerdo; Jamás lo haré; Nadie lo sabe; Nada de lo que&#xA;  dice tiene sentido; Ninguno de ellos es actor; En su vida lo&#xA;  conseguirá; Ni su padre lo perdonaría. Pero si van pospuestos al&#xA;  verbo, este debe ir necesariamente precedido del adverbio no: No voy&#xA;  nunca al teatro; Él no está de acuerdo tampoco; No lo haré jamás; No&#xA;  lo sabe nadie; No tiene sentido nada de lo que dice; No es actor&#xA;  ninguno de ellos; No lo conseguirá en su vida; No lo perdonaría ni su&#xA;  padre. La concurrencia de esas dos «negaciones» no anula el sentido&#xA;  negativo del enunciado, sino que lo refuerza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/doble-negacion-no-vino-nadie-no-hice-nada-no-tengo-ninguna&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T22:10:49.947" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T22:10:49.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13187" CreationDate="2015-07-03T16:21:57.237" Score="0" ViewCount="1045" Body="&lt;p&gt;In listening to Spanish radio lately, I really love some of the music played, such as &quot;El Amor de su Vida&quot; (easy enough to understand), and &quot;Te Metiste&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what does the title mean? And the name of the band?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te Metiste&lt;/em&gt; - google translate says, &quot;you got&quot; ... ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plebes del Rancho&lt;/em&gt; - google translate fails ignominiously/in epic proportions. Is it something like &quot;ranchhands&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T17:23:37.110" Title="What is this song title and band name?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13186" CreationDate="2015-07-03T17:16:34.660" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Te metiste&quot; means &quot;you got into&quot;, as getting into trouble, or getting into some place. As a slang it could also mean that you inserted something into your body (food, drink, drugs...). Figuratively it could also mean many different things: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te metiste en problemas&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;You got into trouble&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te metiste en el bar&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;You entered the bar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te metiste un filete&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;You ate a steak&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this particular case, &quot;Te metiste&quot; means &quot;You entered&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te metiste completamente en mi vida&lt;/em&gt; → &quot;You entered completely in my life&quot;. Notice that in other contexts, &quot;meterse en la vida de alguien&quot; would mean &quot;to meddle in the life of someone&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;em&gt;Plebes del Rancho&lt;/em&gt; means, in mexican (because it's a mexican band, in other countries it would have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Plebe.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;slightly different meaning&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Ranch boys&lt;/em&gt;, with &quot;plebe&quot; meaning that, boy, or cubbish/disrepectful boy. Its root is the same as &quot;plebs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastEditorUserId="9073" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T17:23:37.110" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T17:23:37.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13152" CreationDate="2015-07-03T21:46:06.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually you use &quot;Saludos a todos&quot; if you say &quot;good bye&quot; to somebody and want to send greetings to his acquaintances or relatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If somebody says to you &quot;Saludos a todos&quot;, you can simply reply with &quot;gracias&quot;. Another more formal reply would be &quot;gracias, serán dados&quot;, meaning that you comprise to give the greetings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9324" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T22:15:06.340" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T22:15:06.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13152" CreationDate="2015-07-04T04:45:49.323" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we say &quot;Hola&quot; or &quot;Buenas&quot; which means &lt;code&gt;Hello&lt;/code&gt; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9318" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-04T14:33:53.073" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T14:33:53.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-07-04T04:51:39.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a ir a Guatemala o Me voy a ir a Guatemala, both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9318" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T04:51:39.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13194" CreationDate="2015-07-04T11:09:43.763" Score="3" ViewCount="11397" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;chau&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do they both mean &amp;quot;goodbye&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am going now, see you tomorrow, ¡adiós!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am going now, see you tomorrow, ¡chau!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-30T06:46:21.933" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T06:46:21.933" Title="Difference between &quot;adiós&quot; and &quot;chau&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13192" CreationDate="2015-07-04T11:30:50.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They mean the same. &lt;em&gt;Chao&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;chau&lt;/em&gt;) is a bit more informal. It comes from the Italian &lt;em&gt;ciao&lt;/em&gt;, which also means &quot;goodbye&quot; (in Italian).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastEditorUserId="9073" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T17:39:51.693" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T17:39:51.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13192" CreationDate="2015-07-04T19:19:25.873" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traditionally, &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; is used for someone leaving for an extended period of time or with no expectation of seeing them again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chau&lt;/em&gt; is informal, and would virtually always imply you'd be expecting to see them again relatively soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're leaving work and going to meet up with coworkers later for drinks, &lt;em&gt;chau&lt;/em&gt; is better than &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt;. If you're going abroad and won't see your parents for a year or two, &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; is better. If you go to a store and the worker there didn't expect to see you ever again, they'll probably use &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt;, but if it's a corner store and they know, you're more likely to hear &lt;em&gt;chau&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern usage may vary some, and different countries may treat them slightly differently (and certainly there dozens more with similar but not exactly the same connotations), but the distinction ought to hold up pretty panhispanicly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T19:19:25.873" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-07-04T19:22:02.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;em&gt;Me iré a Guatemala&lt;/em&gt;, which is the future form of &lt;em&gt;to go&lt;/em&gt; if you want to avoid the double &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; (just like English switching &lt;em&gt;going to go&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;will go&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T19:22:02.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13197" CreationDate="2015-07-04T19:51:57.670" Score="3" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning with duolingo.com and had to translate &lt;code&gt;I am her husband&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought the correct translation is &lt;code&gt;Soy le marido&lt;/code&gt;, but duolingo says &lt;code&gt;Soy su marido&lt;/code&gt; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is correct? The sentence &lt;code&gt;Le doy las flores a ella&lt;/code&gt; is fine, isn't it? So &lt;code&gt;Soy le marido a ella&lt;/code&gt; is incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I use these pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="8806" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T03:44:13.097" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T03:44:13.097" Title="¿Cómo traducir 'I am her husband'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13196" CreationDate="2015-07-04T20:42:12.380" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Duolinguo is right: the correct way to translate it is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;soy su marido&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; is a personal pronoun, whereas &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; is an possessive adjective. Since you want to show the &quot;possession&quot;, you have to use &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if we weren't using the pronoun, we would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; doy las flores -&gt; Doy las flores &lt;strong&gt;a ella&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; marido -&gt; Soy marido &lt;strong&gt;de ella&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that in each case, &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; have a different meaning. The fact that in English both are used as &lt;code&gt;her&lt;/code&gt; does not imply that they are also used like this in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-07-04T21:37:56.917" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T21:37:56.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13199" CreationDate="2015-07-04T20:47:00.623" Score="13" ViewCount="2383" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Off topic&quot;&lt;/code&gt; es un término que se usa regularmente hoy en día, preferentemente en temas informáticos pero cada vez más en temas más generales. Sin embargo, no deja de ser un anglicismo al que creo que debería corresponderle algún término equivalente en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sugieren? Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off_topic&quot;&gt;el artículo de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; no encuentro ninguna, pero en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=off%20topic&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; veo &lt;code&gt;&quot;que no viene al caso&quot;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&quot;sin relación al tema&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T06:25:41.157" Title="&quot;off topic&quot; en castellano" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-07-04T22:11:20.187" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propongo la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuera de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=%C3%A1mbito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ámbito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funcionaría bien en un contexto como este foro, donde puedes cerrar una pregunta porque está &lt;code&gt;fuera de(l) ámbito&lt;/code&gt; del sitio. Es una expresión un poco más corta ya sencilla que &quot;No viene al caso&quot; o &quot;Sin relación con el tema&quot; o incluso &quot;está fuera de lugar&quot; (una de las propuestas en el enlace a &lt;em&gt;Wordreference&lt;/em&gt; que aporta la pregunta, y que puede tener otras connotaciones distintas a &lt;em&gt;off topic&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T22:18:12.097" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13211" CreationDate="2015-07-06T02:40:23.267" Score="5" ViewCount="1372" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un restaurante anoche quería preguntar al mesero &lt;code&gt;How big is __&lt;/code&gt;, pero no sabía la manera de decirlo. Mi amigo español no sabía tampoco, pero dijo que se puede decir &lt;code&gt;Cuán grande&lt;/code&gt; (formal), &lt;code&gt;Cómo de grande&lt;/code&gt; (incorrecto) o &lt;code&gt;Qué tamaño tiene...&lt;/code&gt; ¿Cuál de ellos debería usar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También quisiera una construcción más general para &lt;code&gt;How [adjective] is ...&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;How interesting was the lecture?&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;How bad can it be?&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias! Otros consejos bienvenidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9084" LastEditorUserId="8806" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T14:34:36.997" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T15:08:50.243" Title="How + adjective construction" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2054" CreationDate="2015-07-06T05:00:26.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most appropriate adjective is &lt;em&gt;&quot;estremecedora&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, because it meets all the characteristics of the adjective &quot;haunting&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning of &quot;estremecedora&quot;: to remove (something like a tremor) something inside someone deeply. In this context &lt;em&gt;&quot;melodía estremecedora&quot;&lt;/em&gt; gives way to be something beautiful, something enthralling and somber / sad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To explain the differences in the three adjectives you mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Evocador&lt;/em&gt;: That evokes a thing of the past or remembering to another by their relation or resemblance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inquietante&lt;/em&gt;: lack of tranquility, discomfort (to be uncomfortable with something or someone).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;inolvidable&lt;/em&gt;: something that is impossible to forget. (I think the latter has nothing to do with what you want, really)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T14:34:00.553" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T14:34:00.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-07-06T05:22:02.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Off topic&quot; en español está relacionado con algo que, dentro de un tema determinado, la nueva idea presentada no tiene relación. Esto puede ser de forma permanente o temporal, pero es una idea aparte de lo que principalmente se habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión más certera puede escribirse o expresarse de manera oral como &quot;punto aparte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: Se habla de un tema determinado y para mencionar algo ocurrido, o algo visto, o cualquier cosa se dice &lt;code&gt;&quot;punto aparte, el otro día vi un auto...&quot;&lt;/code&gt; y se sigue con la nueva idea, dejando la posibilidad de, posteriormente, retomar la idea anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto depende netamente del contexto. Este es un contexto oral, en el escrito también se puede ocupar el mismo término de modo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T09:13:58.467" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T09:13:58.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-07-06T10:45:19.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Wikipedia en español, hay un artículo &quot;trol&quot; en lo que se refiere al internet.  En ese artículo, se usa la frase &quot;fuera de tema&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trol_(Internet)&quot;&gt;Ver entrada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa frase es un enlace a otro artículo, pero si se hace click, se llega a un artículo en español que sólo usa la palabra &quot;off'topic&quot;.  Interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T10:51:44.313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T10:51:44.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13073" CreationDate="2015-07-06T15:23:57.443" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un proceso de cambio fonológico que se llama &lt;strong&gt;lenición&lt;/strong&gt;, que consiste en que dadas algunas circunstancias las consonantes fuertes se debilitan. (Por ejemplo, en mi país Chile es muy frecuente que se relaje la [ch] y se diga &lt;em&gt;anoshe escushé una sharla&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante la formación del español ocurrió la lenición de algunas consonantes. La más habitual consiste en que las consonantes sordas se sonorizaron, como en la palabra &lt;em&gt;apoteka&lt;/em&gt; que derivó al español &lt;em&gt;bodega&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hubo otras formas de lenición. En el caso de esta pregunta, la [k] dejó de ser oclusiva (o sea dejó de interrumpir violentamente el paso del aire en el paladar) y se convirtió en fricativa (o sea, se empezó a dejar pasar el aire &amp;quot;raspando&amp;quot;, probablemente con un sonido cercano a las actuales [j], [g] o [ch]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un proceso posterior (s. XVI y XVII) varias de esas fricativas se convirtieron en sibilantes, nuestras actuales [c] y [s]. De ese modo, algunas palabras que originalmente se pronunciaban con [k] llegaron a pronunciarse con [c] o [s] y en Latinoamérica sólo con [s]. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;latín &lt;strong&gt;caelum&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;gt; cielo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;griego &lt;strong&gt;kenós&lt;/strong&gt; + phobos &amp;gt; cenofóbia (temor a los lugares vacíos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;latín &lt;strong&gt;centum&lt;/strong&gt; (se pronuncia kentum) &amp;gt; cien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llegados a este punto ya sabemos cómo el latín &lt;strong&gt;khirurgia&lt;/strong&gt; (se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;kirúrgia&lt;/em&gt;) evolucionó a &lt;strong&gt;cirugía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, ocurre que es muy normal que convivan en el léxico distintas formas de la misma palabra, que evolucionan a distinto ritmo. Una forma se pronuncia tratando de respetar la palabra original, por ejemplo cuando se trata de conceptos técnicos o científicos, o cuando forman parte de lenguajes ritualizados. Y la otra forma evoluciona normalmente, por ejemplo cuando es más cercana al habla doméstica. Aunque en realidad la preferencia de una u otra finalmente se debe a los caprichos de la comunidad lingüística.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, a partir de la misma palabra &lt;em&gt;apoteka&lt;/em&gt; derivaron las palabras &lt;em&gt;botica&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bodega&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es lo que ocurre con &lt;strong&gt;quirúrgico&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;cirujano&lt;/strong&gt;. Ambas formas derivan de la misma raíz, pero la primera se mantiene más apegada al latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Por cierto, la palabra griega original es &lt;em&gt;jeirourgeia&lt;/em&gt;, se pronuncia más o menos &lt;em&gt;chirurgia&lt;/em&gt; y significa &amp;quot;trabajo manual&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T15:53:00.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13207" CreationDate="2015-07-06T21:07:24.720" Score="1" ViewCount="1172" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This past year in Spanish class my teacher taught that (conjugated) verbs cannot follow the prepositions &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;después de&lt;/code&gt;, but infinitives can instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: Before he left, Santiago picked up the earrings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great! But problems may arise when there are multiple potential subjects in a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes de su novia Maria y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: Before he left, Santiago picked up his girlfriend's earrings and gave them to her. &lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt; Before &lt;em&gt;she&lt;/em&gt; left, Santiago picked up his girlfriend's earrings and gave them to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to distinguish who is leaving, I want use &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; as a conjunction so that I can rewrite the above sentence as so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de Maria salió&lt;/code&gt;, Santiago recogió los aretes de ella y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: Before Maria left, Santiago picked up her earrings and gave them to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; (and &lt;code&gt;después de&lt;/code&gt;) be used as conjunctions?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, Jacob&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El año pasado en la clase de español, mi maestra me enseñó que verbos (conjugados) no pueden seguir las preposiciones &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;después de&lt;/code&gt;, pero los infinitivos pueden en vez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significado: Antes de la salida de Santiago, él recogió los aretes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Bien! Pero hay problemas cuando unas personas serían el sujeto de la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes de su novia Maria y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significado: Antes de la salida de Santiago, él recogió los aretes de su novia y los dio a ella. &lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt; Antes de la salida de &lt;em&gt;Maria&lt;/em&gt;, Santiago recogió los aretes de ella y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para distinguir quien sale, quiero usar &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; como una conjunción para que puedo reescribir la oración anterior como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de Maria salió&lt;/code&gt;, Santiago recogió los aretes de ella y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significado: Antes de la salida de Maria, Santiago recogió los aretes de ella y los dio a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se usa &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt; (y &lt;code&gt;después de&lt;/code&gt;) como conjunciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias, Jacobo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8806" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T21:58:24.497" Title="&quot;antes de&quot; and &quot;después de&quot; as conjunctions" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13073" CreationDate="2015-07-06T21:16:33.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para poder entender estas diferentes pronunciaciones, que son muy normales en el español, debemos comprender que hay vocales débiles y vocales fuertes. Las débiles son: &quot;i&quot; , &quot;u&quot;. Las vocales fuertes: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;e&quot;, &quot;o&quot;. Con las vocales fuertes el sonido de la letra &quot;c&quot; suena como &quot;k&quot;, en cambio, con las vocales débiles el sonido &quot;k&quot; no se mantiene y se traslada a un sonido fricativo como el de &quot;c&quot;. Entonces, entendiendo esto, se puede saber que en la palabra &quot;cirugía&quot; la pronunciación va a ser fricativa. Ahora, por qué no es &quot;cirúrgico&quot;. Gramaticalmente para poder igualar el sonido &quot;k&quot; en las vocales débiles se utiliza &quot;qu&quot; (&quot;quirúrgico&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es algo que pasa con todas las palabras que tengan una sílaba &quot;ca&quot;, &quot;ce&quot;, &quot;ci&quot;, &quot;co&quot;, &quot;cu&quot;. Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Pla&lt;strong&gt;ce&lt;/strong&gt;ntero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pa&lt;strong&gt;ci&lt;/strong&gt;en&lt;strong&gt;ci&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vo&lt;strong&gt;caci&lt;/strong&gt;ón&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Si en estas palabras quisiera cambiarse el sonido de las vocales débiles por uno como el de &quot;k&quot; tendrían que escribirse así: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Pla&lt;strong&gt;quen&lt;/strong&gt;tero&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, perdiendo absolutamente su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que entender también que los cambios en la lengua española (mayoritariamente en América Latina), sobre todo en el área fonológica, han echo que las palabras vayan tomando otras pronunciaciones, por ende, independiente si provienen de la misma raíz, el hablante a través del tiempo busca la comodidad y la economía al hablar, claramente sin perder la función comunicativa principal que es la comprensión de lo que se dice para una comunicación clara y fluida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español (hablando desde Chile en este caso), estas dos palabras cumplen con ser sinónimas, que se pueden usar en variados contextos, ambas reemplazables una de la otra, pero dentro de un contexto que sea adecuado y no pierdan las mismas características.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T23:29:34.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T23:29:34.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13205" CreationDate="2015-07-06T21:35:23.870" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Easiest way is to simply explicitly state the subject of the infinitive as the default interpretation in phrases is always going to be the subject of the main clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de salir María, Santiago recogió...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's my experience that many people (including native speakers!) don't recognize you can do this, though the RAE goes into a good bit of discussion on it in their &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;. This is analogous to the personal infinitive in Portuguese that is only visible with plural subjects and second person singular and often optional (when it's clear who the subject already is)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de Maria sair, Santiago já recolheu...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antes de sair&lt;strong&gt;mos&lt;/strong&gt; (nós), Santiago já recolheu...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the way your teacher will probably want you to do it (and certainly the more elegant way if the phrase gets even moderately complex) is to use a noun phrase. Remember we need a noun, or something that functions as a noun, after prepositions. To do that, insert a &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; signally a new clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de &lt;strong&gt;que...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can have full use of subjects, objects, etc, as in any other sentence. In speech, a pause will signal the end of the clause, and in writing we use a comma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de que ... , Ignacio recogió...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've left the ellipses in for a reason. When using certain phrases like &lt;em&gt;antes de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;después de&lt;/em&gt;, we often need the subjunctive. In this case, we do, so we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de que &lt;strong&gt;saliese&lt;sub&gt;/saliera&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; María, Ignacio recogió...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T21:35:23.870" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13205" CreationDate="2015-07-06T21:58:24.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ordenemos la oración en la que tienes dificultades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes de su novia y se los dio a ella.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería más apropiado decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot; Antes de salir, Santiago recogió los aretes de su novia y se los dio&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;&quot;a ella&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es una reiteración innecesaria porque se entiende que se los pasó a su novia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, en esta oración el sujeto &quot;Santiago&quot; es quien hace la acción de &lt;em&gt;&quot;recoger los aretes y dárselos a su novia&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. En esta oración se está diciendo que quien va a salir es Santiago y no su novia. También se dice que es Santiago el sujeto quien hace la acción  de recoger y entregar los aretes y &lt;em&gt;&quot;su novia&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es el complemento indirecto, o sea, en quien recae la acción principal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se quiere decir que es María quien sale, se debería cambiar la acción principal. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Antes de salir, María recibió los aretes que recogió su novio Santiago&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Si se cambia el orden de los sujetos, cambia el sentido, o sea, en esta nueva oración se entiende que es María quién sale y no Santiago. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema con estas oraciones es que tienen información inferida, o sea, dependiendo del orden de los sujetos en la oración es en quién recaen las acciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T21:58:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13164" CreationDate="2015-07-06T22:00:10.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más común sería separar los enunciados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Primera parte!&#xA;  ¡Segunda parte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque normalmente se termina una idea y comienza la otra, es decir, primera parte en exclamación es poco común que se exclame junto con segunda parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9341" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T04:31:03.357" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:31:03.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13200" CreationDate="2015-07-06T23:53:41.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Qué tan [adj]&lt;/code&gt; funciona para muchos adjetivos. Grande, pequeño, caliente, frío, cerca, lejos... Todo lo que se pueda cuantificar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T23:53:41.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13200" CreationDate="2015-07-07T02:19:27.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como @guifa ya mencionó, las opciones ya propuestas por tu amigo español son precisamente lo que yo sugeriría. Cuando tu amigo dijo que era algo &quot;incorrecto&quot; se refería seguramente a que no pertenece al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registro_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;registro&lt;/a&gt; formal del idioma en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces las personas mezclan algo que en realidad no es permitido por la gramática del idioma, y algo que simplemente es informal. Es importante hacer notar que esto último es completamente correcto y seguramente lo encontrarás en muchos textos a pesar de no ser formal, por lo que es importante aprenderlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las alternativas entonces son (todos estos seguidos del adjetivo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;: Pertenece al registro formal, poco a poco cae en desuso (análogo a e.g. &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt;: Pertenece al registro informal, una formulación hasta cierto punto regional debido a su falta de uso en España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt;: Pertenece al registro informal, también regional ya que no es usada fuera de España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es importante hacer nota de que estos podrían cambiar de registro conforme evolucione el idioma. En mi dialecto particular, &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt; es tan aceptado en contextos formales como &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué tan alto eras cuando eras niño?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cuán grande era tu primer apartamento?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cómo de vieja es esta leche?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6804" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T11:46:38.847" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T11:46:38.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13200" CreationDate="2015-07-07T15:08:50.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of constructing it in a manner parallel to English, I'd probably express it using a different verb. Depending on the context, the verb chosen could vary. For example, &quot;How big is...&quot; could be &quot;Cuánto mide...&quot;. In the context of a restaurant, and if you're talking about how big a portion of food is for a given plate, I might say &quot;Es mucha comida para una persona...&quot; or &quot;Son porciones grandes...&quot;. Also, as others have touched on, in my non-native ear it sounds fine to say &quot;Cómo es de grande...&quot; or &quot;Cómo es de tamaño...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T15:08:50.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13222" CreationDate="2015-07-07T15:17:57.387" Score="2" ViewCount="1528" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado a mi perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando a mi perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do both mean the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T17:24:34.697" Title="Differences between preterito perfecto and preterito perfecto + estar +gerundio" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1728" CreationDate="2015-07-07T15:49:19.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a little addition to the existing good answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that both &lt;code&gt;allá&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;acá&lt;/code&gt; both originally were used in a similar way to the English &lt;code&gt;thither&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;hither&lt;/code&gt; respectively (i.e. &lt;code&gt;to there&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;to here&lt;/code&gt;), but this is not longer strictly required in modern Spanish grammar, as in modern English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, &lt;code&gt;allá&lt;/code&gt; is typically used to mean &lt;code&gt;over there&lt;/code&gt;, with a sense of remoteness beyond that of &lt;code&gt;allí&lt;/code&gt;. It should be noted however that &lt;code&gt;acá&lt;/code&gt; is used rather more rarely, and when it is, it still tends to retain its original meaning of &lt;code&gt;hither&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2394" LastEditorUserId="2394" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T22:58:06.207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T22:58:06.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13216" CreationDate="2015-07-07T16:34:21.020" Score="4" ViewCount="1000" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with Michel Thomas Method. It says the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I don’t know him. = No lo conozco.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand this? I thought &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;. Shouldn't it be &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;? If not, then when do you use &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; to mean &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:43:22.630" Title="No lo conozco - Why does the lo mean 'he'?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13215" CreationDate="2015-07-07T16:45:39.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt; is the direct object.  And the masculine direct object is lo.  Although, you could still get away with saying &lt;code&gt;No le conozco&lt;/code&gt;, it would mean more like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't know him know him.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He isn't known to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in, I don't know how he is as a person... ,I haven't gotten to know him.&#xA;Whereas, &lt;code&gt;no lo conozco&lt;/code&gt; is straightforward don't know who he is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cortesía&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned by guifa, &lt;code&gt;LE&lt;/code&gt; in that context can also express courtesy.  While &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; can, as you mentioned in your OP big_smile, refer to &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;.. and if you're trying to be formal, you definitely don't want to refer to someone as &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T12:20:02.643" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T12:20:02.643" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13213" CreationDate="2015-07-07T17:54:04.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar + gerundio changes nothing having to do with the perfect tense.  If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy jugando fútbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; playing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He estado jugando fútbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a perfect tense, the verb proceeding the conjugated &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt; is always in the past participle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you have been playing..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T17:54:04.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13221" CreationDate="2015-07-07T20:43:58.530" Score="5" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; El ratón se mató. (Preterit passive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; El ratón estuvo matado. (Estar + past participle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two sentences above translate to the same in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mouse was killed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I sense there is a difference. The first one seems to say that the mouse was killed &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;by&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; something, whereas it seems the second one gives an &lt;strong&gt;'update'&lt;/strong&gt; on the liveliness of the mouse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the difference in meaning between these two constructions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any rules for the usage of these two constructions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there situations when one construction is preferable over the other?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, Jacob&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; El ratón se mató. (Pretérito pasivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; El ratón estuvo matado. (Estar + participio pasado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las oraciones arribas traducen al inglés como lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mouse was killed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, noto que hay una diferencia. La primera parece decir que el ratón murió &lt;strong&gt;a causa de alguien&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que la segunda parece decir el estado actual del ratón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es cierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;. ¿Qué es la diferencia entre estos construcciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;. ¿Hay reglas para usar las dos construcciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;. ¿Hay veces o situaciones cuando uno construcción es preferido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias, Jacobo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8806" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T17:53:51.433" Title="Preterit Passive vs. Estar + Past Participle" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13219" CreationDate="2015-07-07T20:50:33.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mouse was killed / El ratón se mató / &lt;strong&gt;MEJOR: Se mató el ratón&lt;/strong&gt; (@Rodrigo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second one isn't passive, it's more like an effect, result, consequence...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;UPDATE: this can also express that the rat is no longer killed, it's just got killed and then... who knows.  Estar creates a state or status in time&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mouse got killed / El ratón estuvo matado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ya que festejaron mucho anoche el ratón estuvo matado por accidente.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ratón fue matado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's more realism to the use of ser.  To say &lt;code&gt;fue matado&lt;/code&gt; makes the action more emphatic, more emotional, more concrete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I came into the world, I was born.... I didn't get borned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuí nacido / was born&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve nacido / got &lt;em&gt;borned&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T21:47:10.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13219" CreationDate="2015-07-07T20:58:26.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is actually that you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first one seems to say that the mouse was killed by something,&#xA;  whereas it seems the second one gives an 'update' on the liveliness of&#xA;  the mouse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you must make several corrections to your translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;El ratón se mató&lt;/em&gt;&quot; seems you were saying that the subject of the action is the mouse, and therefore it killed itself. To put it correctly you must put the mouse in second position, object, as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se mató al ratón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second translation, you must use the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; with the participle, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ratón fue matado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both sentences can be used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T21:07:41.340" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T21:07:41.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13213" CreationDate="2015-07-07T22:25:47.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español hay más tiempos verbales que en inglés, a veces con diferencias sutiles.&#xA;Usando tu ejemplo, trataré de explicar las diferencias entre 4 posibles acciones en pasado afirmativo, excluyendo aquellas construcciones más difíciles de entender (por ejemplo el subjuntivo o el condicional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1)- Busqué a mi perro. I looked for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(2)- He buscado a mi perro. I've looked for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(3)- Estuve buscando a mi perro. I was looking for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(4)- He estado buscando a mi perro. I have been looking for my dog.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todas estas cuatro construcciones se establece una acción pasada y que ha finalizado.&#xA;En (1) se afirma sobre una acción del pasado, sin especificar más. En (2) se afirma sobre una acción del pasado, e implícitamente se supone que dicho pasado es reciente. En (3) se afirma sobre un estado (lo que estuve haciendo), e implícitamente se supone que se refiere a un momento relacionado con el contexto (dependiendo de la frase anterior). En (4) se afirma sobre un estado (lo que he estado haciendo), e implícitamente se supone que se refiere a un momento reciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish there are more tenses than in english, sometimes with subtle differences.&#xA;Using your example, I will try to explain the differences between 4 possible affirmative past actions, excluding those constructions harder to understand (eg the subjunctive or conditional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1)- Busqué a mi perro. I looked for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(2)- He buscado a mi perro. I've looked for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(3)- Estuve buscando a mi perro. I was looking for my dog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(4)- He estado buscando a mi perro. I have been looking for my dog.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all these four constructs a past action is set and finished.&#xA;In (1) it states on an action of the past, without elaborating. In (2) is predicated upon an action of the past, and implicitly assumes that the past is recent. In (3) it states on a state (what I was doing), and implicitly assumes that refers to a moment related to the context (depending on the previous sentence). In (4) it states on a state (what I've been doing), and implicitly assumes that refers to a recent time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T22:25:47.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13213" CreationDate="2015-07-08T16:05:23.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a case of &lt;strong&gt;present perfect simple and present perfect continuous.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use the present perfect continuous to emphasise the duration of an action which started in the past. For finished actions we use the present perfect simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I've been looking for my dog.&lt;/strong&gt; (I still look for him now.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I've looked for my dog.&lt;/strong&gt; (I don't necessarily look for my dog any longer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Present perfect simple or present perfect continuous?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use the present perfect simple, not continuous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;if the action is finished and complete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I've written a letter.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;if we want to say how often an action has happened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;She's broken her leg three times.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary &lt;strong&gt;he buscado a mi perro&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;he estado buscando a mi perro&lt;/strong&gt; don't mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T17:24:34.697" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T17:24:34.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13219" CreationDate="2015-07-08T16:14:37.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The mouse was killed&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;The mouse got killed&lt;/strong&gt; translates to &lt;strong&gt;El ratón fue asesinado.&lt;/strong&gt; (We use &lt;strong&gt;asesinado&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;matado,&lt;/strong&gt; since in spanish we don't use the latter.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &lt;strong&gt;el ratón se mató,&lt;/strong&gt; we say &lt;strong&gt;the mouse killed itself.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T16:14:37.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-07-09T03:55:48.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo mas cercano que conozco en mi idioma que signifique lo que en inglés significa &lt;code&gt;off topic&lt;/code&gt; es la expresión: &quot;hablando de todo como los locos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es una traducción, no es un equivalente, solo contiene el espíritu de la idea. Off Topic: hablando de todo como los locos. Expresa la misma intención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9358" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-09T13:00:02.463" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T13:00:02.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13229" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13230" CreationDate="2015-07-09T15:12:50.190" Score="3" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras leía un texto sobre Rayuela, la novela de Julio Cortázar, llegué a este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QA5c7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la línea 6, pienso que debería ser &lt;code&gt;ido&lt;/code&gt; y no &lt;code&gt;hido&lt;/code&gt;, como sugiere el texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Added: Solo para aclarar, si alguien tiene curiosidad, aunque se que lo que agregaré es tal vez totalmente irrelevante al tema principal que es el error ortográfico, pero igual diré, digo que en ese texto se están refiriendo a Lionel Hampton. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T02:05:24.930" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T02:05:24.930" Title="Is this a typo, or a correct usage of this word?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13229" CreationDate="2015-07-09T15:54:06.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a typo, it should be 'ido.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T15:54:06.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13232" CreationDate="2015-07-09T17:32:10.257" Score="8" ViewCount="27927" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama (si es que tiene un nombre) el sonido, grito o aullido de guerra que vemos en las películas que los indios nativos americanos hacen cuando van a entrar en combate (o están muy enojados o excitados)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como una especie de aullido, pero se colocan la palma de la mano enfrente de la boca de manera intermitente y muy rápida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé describirlo mejor. Quizá por eso no estoy teniendo mucho éxito con mis resultados de búsqueda por Internet. Alguien sabe si ese sonido (o la acción de producir ese sonido) tiene un nombre especifico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: los indios hacen muchos otros sonidos con las manos y la boca, como imitar sonidos de animales para mandarse señales, pero mi pregunta es específicamente por el nombre del &quot;aullido de guerra&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T17:07:32.163" LastActivityDate="2019-11-18T21:27:46.210" Title="¿Qué nombre recibe este sonido (o la acción de producirlo)?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13231" CreationDate="2015-07-09T19:30:56.750" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Francamente no creo que exista una palabra para decir eso. Pero te puedo dar alguna sugerencia, aunque probablemente ya pensaste en algo como esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero que nada, el grito original de los indígenas norteamericanos se hacía con la garganta. Era admirable porque sonaba fuerte e intimidante a pesar de su tremenda dificultad. Los golpecitos con la mano en la boca son solo un recurso del &amp;quot;hombre blanco&amp;quot; para imitar el sonido (que los directores de películas de vaqueros se compraron).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra propia para un grito de guerra es &lt;strong&gt;alarido&lt;/strong&gt;. No existe un verbo afín: la palabra &lt;em&gt;alardear&lt;/em&gt; evolucionó hacia otro lado y no está clara su relación etimológica. Pero se puede decir &lt;strong&gt;dar alaridos&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;ulular&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;strong&gt;ulular&lt;/strong&gt; es de origen latino y significa según la RAE &amp;quot;dar gritos o alaridos&amp;quot;. Los búhos ululan. Puedes escuchar en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezaBqCf0hv0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este video&lt;/a&gt; algunos gritos de búhos con reminicencias al &lt;em&gt;indian yelling&lt;/em&gt; (si se me permite hacer la analogía, aunque en realidad es bastante subjetivo). También se dice que el viento ulula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La interjección española &lt;strong&gt;olé&lt;/strong&gt;, un auténtico grito de guerra, probablemente deriva de &lt;strong&gt;ulular&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T19:35:56.863" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13234" CreationDate="2015-07-09T22:53:09.990" Score="4" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the many meanings of &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;in exchange for&lt;/code&gt;. Ex.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré una bufanda por diez dólares. &lt;sub&gt;I bought a scarf in exchange for ten dollars.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a Spanish question, &lt;code&gt;por qué&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;why&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué compraste la bufanda? &lt;sub&gt;Why did you buy the scarf?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After asking why someone bought the scarf, one might ask for how much/ in exchange for what did the person buy it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To form this question, &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; are combined to create &lt;code&gt;por qué&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;for how much&lt;/em&gt;-part of the question. But of course this part is exactly the same as &lt;code&gt;por qué&lt;/code&gt; which asks &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can one ask &lt;em&gt;For how much did you buy the scarf?&lt;/em&gt; without asking &lt;em&gt;Why did you buy the scarf?&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8806" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T01:55:38.493" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T17:04:47.970" Title="Asking 'in exchange for what' vs. asking 'why'" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13233" CreationDate="2015-07-10T00:24:23.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you have it is technically perfectly grammatically fine, although as you know, the overwhelming interpretation is going to be why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we're talking a countable thing for which we expect a numerical answer (as we almost &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; are with money), your best bet is to use the question word &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por cuánto compraste ... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you're expecting a bartering-style answer, you could add in a generic noun that would break the &lt;em&gt;Why?&lt;/em&gt; possibility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cosa compraste ... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I don't think I've really ever heard this and I imagine it would still sound a bit odd to the modern ear. Alternatively, you could finish with the question rather than start with it and stress/intonation/flow will indicate whether we mean &lt;em&gt;because&lt;/em&gt; (analogous to a &lt;em&gt;why?&lt;/em&gt; question) or &lt;em&gt;for/in exchange for&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compraste la bufanda por... ¿qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Por un gorro de lana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (versus)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Compraste la bufanda porque...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Pues porque tenía frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T00:24:23.453" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13236" CreationDate="2015-07-10T02:57:56.960" Score="7" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces cuando leo textos(Usualmente traducciones de novelas de otros idiomas)  encuentro la siguiente conjugación de verbos. Tomemos como ejemplo los verbos esparcir y parecer y la conjugación que no es usual, por lo menos en mi caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esparcir --&gt; esparciose&#xA;Parecer --&gt; parecioles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta sería: ¿cuando es correcto usar esa conjugación?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="9350" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T03:03:07.447" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:05:05.820" Title="Doubt over conjugation of verbs" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13235" CreationDate="2015-07-10T03:55:10.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las conjugaciones son completamente normales.  Los verbos en sí que tienes en tus ejemplos son &lt;em&gt;esparció&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pareció&lt;/em&gt; (ambos en el pretérito perfecto simple del indicativo en tercera persona singular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que aquí, los objetos átonos van en posposición (llamado «enclisis»), adjuntos al verbo.  Antes de la reforma de ortografía de 1999, estas palabras habrían sido escritas &lt;em&gt;esparcióse&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;parecióles&lt;/em&gt;, pero ya que dicha reforma intentó deshacerse de las tildes superfluas, se las quitó en casos como estos porque al añadir &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-les&lt;/em&gt; (por terminar en vocal, ene o ese) el acento natural recae en la penúltima sílaba, la cual es la que queremos acentuar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En casos de una palabra llana, puede ser necesario tildar.  Con dos objetos, guardárase siempre :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compro&lt;/strong&gt;: lo compro &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; cómprolo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compro&lt;/strong&gt;: me lo compro &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; cómpromelo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compró&lt;/strong&gt;: lo compró &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; comprolo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compró&lt;/strong&gt;: se lo compró &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; compróselo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día no es muy frecuente la enclisis con verbos personales (excepto en el imperativo afirmativo), no obstante, es una construcción plenamente válida.  Es más probable que lo veas si se cumple uno (o varios) de los siguientes casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dialecto regional por influencia de las lenguas gallega y asturiana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Después de una pausa (y más si es el principio de una oración)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imperativo afirmativo (incluyendo exhortativo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Registro muy formal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lenguaje arcaico o áurico (o con toque arcaizante o dorante)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recházase la enclisis en los siguientes casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dentro de una cláusula subordinada (&lt;em&gt;que se compró...&lt;/em&gt; y nunca &lt;em&gt;que comprose...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negación (&lt;em&gt;no lo compro&lt;/em&gt; y nunca &lt;em&gt;no cómprolo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta también que en el caso de enclisis, prodúcense algunos cambios en las formas.  Si el verbo termina en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; y se le añade el pronombre &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, se quita una de las eses aunque puede que ambas figuren en la pronunciación: &lt;em&gt;Tú cómpraselo a ellos&lt;/em&gt;.  Si el verbo va en primera persona plural (terminando en &lt;em&gt;-amos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-imos&lt;/em&gt;) y el primer pronombre que se le añade es &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;, o si es el subjuntivo exhortativo reflexivo en primera persona plural, quítase la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;comprámooslo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comprémonoslo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la enclisis yo la suelo usar, &lt;strong&gt;no les puedo recomendar a hablantes no nativos que la usen&lt;/strong&gt;, en principio porque casi nadie la usa, porque las condiciones de su uso son, como podías ver, algo complicado, y porque su uso connota varias cosas al texto/habla que a lo mejor no querrían.  En mi caso, como asturfalante y aurisecularista, a nadie le sorprenderá que la use yo jaja, pero mi caso es algo especial jaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T13:05:05.820" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:05:05.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13240" CreationDate="2015-07-10T09:04:31.417" Score="3" ViewCount="2833" Body="&lt;p&gt;En verbos como ir o estar, para tomar como ejemplo, podemos conjugarlos de la siguiente manera: (no recuerdo el nombre del tiempo verbal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuese o fuera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuviera o estuviese&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las dos formas es la correcta? O, digamos, ¿cuál es la regla que se usa para decidir entre una forma o la otra? O, ¿el uso del uno o del otro depende del dialecto del español que se este usando? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T10:26:45.040" Title="Forma correcta de usar una conjugación verbal" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13241" CreationDate="2015-07-10T09:44:57.137" Score="5" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been reading &quot;The Sound and the Fury&quot; by William Faulkner, and it happens that I also have a Spanish translation of this novel. The title in Spanish is &quot;El ruido  y la furia.&quot; Here is a fragment and its Spanish translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Come on.&quot; Luster said. &quot;We done looked there. They ain't no more&#xA;   coming right now. Let's go down to the branch and find that quarter&#xA;   before them niggers finds it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos.&quot; Dijo Luster. &quot;Ya hemos mirado por ahí. Ya no van a volver.&#xA;  Vamos al arroyo a buscar los veinticinco centavos antes de que los&#xA;  encuentren los negros.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a correct translation? It seems to me as if the translation is cleaning the grammar, and consequently it loses its meaning, perhaps, or the intention of the writer. As we can see, the way Luster, a character in the novel, talks is in Vernacular Southern English, which is a dialect of English. How can you translate texts in these situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9376" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T00:48:33.160" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T00:48:33.160" Title="How to understand the following translation?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13238" CreationDate="2015-07-10T10:26:45.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos son perfectamente correctas, de cualquier modo que las uses o las combines. El tiempo es el &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito imperfecto de Subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si habrá algún dialecto en el que una de las formas predomine sobre la otra o se use de otra manera. En el español de España, son virtualmente idénticas y puedes usarlas de manera indiferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T10:26:45.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13239" CreationDate="2015-07-10T10:56:42.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translating is an art, not a science. When encountering dialectal variations, a translator needs to make decisions based on many different factors: authorial intent, the author's perceived/intended audience, the purpose of the translation, the context in the original work, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, it's easier to just translate to a standard version of the language and include a translator's note that certain characters speak with certain dialects in the original. This is more important in critical/academic translations and less important in translations aimed for a wider audience who might not be as concerned about such details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the same issue with poetry: you often need to just translate the meaning, and then tell the reader the original had a particular rhyme scheme. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case (and being a native speaker of SAE — the dialect in Faulkner's works), I can't think of any appropriate &quot;equivalent&quot; dialect in Spanish, so, IMO (and obviously in this translator's) the better option was to just translate to standard Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T10:56:42.953" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13243" CreationDate="2015-07-10T12:01:15.233" Score="3" ViewCount="1393" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces cuando queremos agregar una frase en el medio de una oración, ya sea para aclarar algo o para introducir algo, como estoy haciendo ahora mismo con esta oración, se usa la coma o el paréntesis. Existe alguna regla que diga cuando usar coma y cuando usar paréntesis? O, no existe regla alguna? Por ejemplo, veamos un fragmento de una oración(la oración en realidad es tres paginas de largo): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MxOVP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo podemos interpretar el uso de las comas en el fragmento? En ciertos pasajes del texto, ¿es posible sustituir el uso de las comas por paréntesis? ¿Es posible, en este caso, también haber podido usar el uso de &quot;-&quot; (como en: texto- ##### - continuación del texto)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T12:25:44.660" Title="Usos de la coma y el paréntesis" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13242" CreationDate="2015-07-10T12:25:44.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de paréntesis en lugar de comas implica un mayor grado de aislamiento del enunciado que encierran con respecto al texto en que se inserta, y permite el uso en su interior de signos de puntuación propios (incluyendo comas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes consultar más sobre esto &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XFiqsCjr2D68AoepU2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T12:25:44.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13247" CreationDate="2015-07-10T12:48:25.853" Score="9" ViewCount="3372" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado algunas veces a personas conjugar los siguientes verbos de la siguiente manera (entre paréntesis la forma correcta): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Morir → morido (muerto) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volver → volvido (vuelto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resolver → resolvido (resuelto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otros verbos más que en el momento no tengo a  mano. ¿Usar esa conjugación se considera un error gravísimo? Yo he escuchado frecuentemente esta conjugación en algunos lugares de Perú, y también me han hecho saber que se puede escuchar en ciertos lugares de Ecuador y Bolivia, los países andinos. ¿Es posible hablar en este caso de un dialecto y, por consiguiente, se podría tolerar esa  conjugación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una pregunta aparte, que también de alguna manera tiene que ver con el asunto, ¿alguien tiene datos de la génesis de esa conjugación? Es decir, ¿en qué circunstancia apareció esta manera de hablar? Y, para terminar, ¿el uso de esta conjugación es también común en otros países de Latinoamérica o en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-04-27T07:47:53.987" LastActivityDate="2020-04-27T07:47:53.987" Title="Ciertas conjugaciones verbales no convencionales" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13244" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:05:19.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esas formas son incorrectas, ni siquiera están en la RAE.&#xA;Así que hay que usarlas como corresponde.&#xA;De hecho suena bastante mal decir &lt;strong&gt;devolvido&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de &lt;strong&gt;devuelto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:05:19.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13244" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:05:28.900" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo aprendí inglés británico, con lo cual usaba &lt;em&gt;learnt&lt;/em&gt; como participio de &quot;learn&quot;. Ahora vivo en Estados Unidos y esa gente favorece el uso de &lt;em&gt;learned&lt;/em&gt;, como si fuera regular en lugar de regular. Sin embargo, creo que no hay dialectos del español que favorezcan esas conjugaciones, conjugando el verbo irregular como regular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto que suele haber bastante confusión en general con el uso de algunas formas como &quot;impreso vs. imprimido&quot;, &quot;frito vs. freído&quot; y similares. Yo no he oído muchos &quot;moridos&quot; ni &quot;volvidos&quot;, pero sí bastantes &quot;conducí&quot; (en lugar de &lt;em&gt;conduje&lt;/em&gt;), por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A todos se nos puede escapar algunas veces estas meteduras de pata, pero no son formas correctas en ningún dialecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T13:37:02.347" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:37:02.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13244" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:13:46.830" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo hay, actualmente, tres casos de participios que se admiten en su forma regular e irregular: Imprimido/Impreso, Freído/Frito, Proveído/Provisto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/dobles-participios-imprimidoimpreso-freidofrito-proveidoprovisto&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el origen de las conjugaciones irregulares, puedes leer un artículo interesante que estudia el origen de las irregularidades en los verbos del idioma español:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RFRM/article/viewFile/RFRM9696110061A/12069&quot;&gt;El concepto de verbo irregular en la gramática&#xA;del siglo de oro&lt;/a&gt;, por Francisco Javier Satorre Grau.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T13:29:27.050" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:29:27.050" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:18:29.720" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi caso, yo usualmente uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuera de contexto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Lo que tratas de decir está fuera de contexto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:18:29.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13253" CreationDate="2015-07-10T16:35:29.580" Score="1" ViewCount="324" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que tengo que añadir a veces una &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; entre el verbo y el complemento. ¿Cuándo tengo que añadir la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Ella llama a Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Español no es mi idioma nativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9379" LastEditorUserId="9379" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T17:58:02.550" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T17:58:02.550" Title="¿Cuándo decir ''[verbo] a [complemento]''?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8775" CreationDate="2015-07-10T16:47:46.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For written spanish is really hard to determine, even for a native speaker like me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some regional variants are easier to identify than others. For example, the spanish from Argentina is specially notorious because of its peculiar verbal forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For all the other cases, there's no quick way. You'll need to read until some regional word of phrase appears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2416" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T16:47:46.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13250" CreationDate="2015-07-10T17:15:59.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has de añadir &quot;a&quot; tras el verbo cuando le sigue un complemento directo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Para saber si estamos ante un complemento directo, prueba a preguntar de la siguiente forma:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Ella llama a Juan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿A quién llama ella?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;He comprado un libro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué he comprado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como regla general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando sigue un nombre propio: &lt;em&gt;Ella llama a Juan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando sigue un nombre común o colectivo relacionado con personas, con artículo determinado o pronombre demostrativo o posesivo: &lt;em&gt;Ella llama a sus hijos. Ella llama a esas personas. ¡Llama a ese! Ella llama a las compañeras de clase. Ella ha llamado a su equipo para que vengan pronto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No has de añadir &quot;a&quot; cuando sigue un nombre común o colectivo relacionado con personas con artículo indeterminado o pronombre demostrativo o posesivo, o un nombre relacionado con cosas: &lt;em&gt;Regalé mis libros. Quiero un coche. Crucé el Mediterráneo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes consultar más detalles en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to add &quot;a&quot; after the verb when it is followed by a direct object.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To find out if this is a direct object, try asking as follows:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Ella llama a Juan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿A quién llama ella?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;He comprado un libro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué he comprado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it is followed by a proper name: &lt;em&gt;Ella llama a Juan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it is followed by a common or collective name regarding people with a definite article or demonstrative or possessive pronoun: &lt;em&gt;Ella llama a sus hijos. Ella llama a esas personas. ¡Llama a ese! Ella llama a las compañeras de clase. Ella ha llamado a su equipo para que vengan pronto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must not add &quot;a&quot; when follows a common or collective name related to people with indefinite article or demonstrative or possessive pronoun, or a name related to things: &lt;em&gt;Regalé mis libros. Quiero un coche. Crucé el Mediterráneo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check more details in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T17:27:40.847" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T17:27:40.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13254" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13255" CreationDate="2015-07-11T03:34:01.597" Score="3" ViewCount="1121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm english and I'm starting to learn Spanish on my own. My boss is fluent in Spanish and she sometimes says to me in the morning, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Buenas días, que tan?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something similar along those lines. She said the appropriate response is good or fine or however you're feeling. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched a lot but I cannot find anything talking about &lt;code&gt;que tan&lt;/code&gt;. It just translates to &lt;code&gt;how&lt;/code&gt; in Google Translate. Is it some sort of slang (for &quot;how are you&quot;)? Or is it just a shortening of the phrase? What is the reasoning behind this saying?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9381" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:55:03.647" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T06:27:55.443" Title="Is &quot;Que tan?&quot; slang for &quot;How are you?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13254" CreationDate="2015-07-11T03:40:19.033" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct term is: &lt;strong&gt;¿qué tal?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This a very used term when you already said something: hola, ¿qué tal?; buenas tardes, ¿qué tal? etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T03:40:19.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13258" CreationDate="2015-07-11T07:26:40.587" Score="3" ViewCount="3314" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am watching a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iF0ukO8HiMs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;You tube video&lt;/a&gt;&#xA; of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Factor%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Factoria&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The title of the video song is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey Otro en mi vida &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that the meaning of the title in English is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is another person in my life. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that is confusing me is the word &quot;Otro&quot; in the song title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &quot;Otro&quot; mean &quot;Another person/thing&quot; or only &quot;Another&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do the following sentences make sense in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey otro chica en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey otro persona en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorDisplayName="user14163" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T17:52:09.397" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T17:52:09.397" Title="How to use the word &quot;Otro&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13257" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13259" CreationDate="2015-07-11T09:16:15.103" Score="3" ViewCount="1493" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para explicar mejor mi pregunta, en el lenguaje oral y escrito existen ciertas palabras, como por ejemplo &quot;haiga&quot;, que no son aceptadas por ser vulgares, en este caso, la palabra que doy como ejemplo, es bárbaramente vulgar. Existen otras palabras que se usan en sustitución, malamente o a veces por descuido, de la palabra que se debería usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, hay palabras, que siendo consideradas vulgares en algún tiempo pasado, pasan a formar parte del lenguaje y viceversa, como la palabra que doy como ejemplo en el párrafo anterior, ya que, por lo que he escuchado, la palabra &quot;haiga&quot; tuvo un uso valida siglos atrás en sustitución de la palabra &quot;haya&quot;, del verbo haber, la que hoy se usa, aunque hoy esa palabra &quot;haiga&quot; es un sustantivo y su origen data, de acuerdo a lo que he leído, de principios del siglo pasado, cuando durante el Boom del Caucho en el Perú los dueños de las empresas, obviamente millonarios, que extraían caucho en la selva decían &quot;Lo que 'haiga'&quot;, de forma despótica, cuando se les consultaba por la marca de carro que deseaban, y es por esa razón que &quot;haiga&quot; se usa para nombrar a una persona que teniendo mucha riqueza material tiene un habla prácticamente de analfabeto, pero volviendo al presente, el uso de esa palabra es muy usado, la he escuchado a mucha gente decirlo, inclusive gente famosa y hasta presidentes, como por ejemplo el señor Alejandro Toledo, ex presidente de Perú, cuando, siendo presidente, en una entrevista se le escapo esa palabrita y fue duramente criticado. ¿Es posible que el uso de estas palabras, en la función que estas palabras están siendo usadas, incorrectamente, pasen a formar parte de nuestro lenguaje en el futuro? ¿Cuál es el proceso formal por la que una palabra que se usa incorrectamente tiene que pasar para que esto ocurra, que sea aceptada como palabra correcta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="9350" LastEditDate="2015-07-11T11:16:39.957" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T00:54:23.077" Title="¿Cuál es el proceso por el que una palabra debe pasar para que su uso sea aceptado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13256" CreationDate="2015-07-11T10:08:26.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; otro en mi vida&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hey&lt;/strong&gt; otro en mi vida.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there is a rule that helps us determine the gender of words. Is that words ending in &lt;strong&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are feminine, and words ending in &lt;strong&gt;&quot;o&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you speak of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;otro&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; you're talking about a man (in this case), but it is always masculine form.&#xA;when you speak of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;otra&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, you're talking about a woman and in this case, is also determined to be only women, thanks to the terminanción of the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the same examples that you mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hay otro chica en mi vida&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hay otr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; chica en mi vida&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hay otro persona en mi vida&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hay otr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; persona en mi vida&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the two sentences talking about someone in a feminine way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the title song is talking about an &quot;otro&quot; is about a man. The complete sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hay otro hombre/chico en mi vida.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as in the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;otro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is already determined the gender of the subject of who is speaking, it is not necessary to mention the &lt;em&gt;&quot;hombre/chico&quot;&lt;/em&gt; because it is understood, it would be an unnecessary repetition in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="9334" LastEditDate="2015-07-11T10:53:51.423" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T10:53:51.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13257" CreationDate="2015-07-11T10:43:05.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entendiendo que te refieres a &quot;ser aceptada&quot; por la Real Academia Española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El conjunto de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/la-institucion/los-academicos&quot;&gt;académicos&lt;/a&gt; se reúne regularmente en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/la-institucion/organizacion/pleno-y-comisiones&quot;&gt;Plenos&lt;/a&gt;, para poner en común las propuestas de las diferentes comisiones, y tomar decisiones sobre ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El proceso de actualización de un diccionario se centra en las siguientes tareas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La adición de nuevos artículos o acepciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La supresión de artículos o acepciones ya existentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La enmienda total o parcial de los artículos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a incluir (adición) palabras usadas por el pueblo, y que tradicionalmente se consideraban incorrectas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las comisiones académicas elaboran las propuestas de adición,&#xA;  supresión o enmienda que posteriormente examinará el Pleno para&#xA;  decidir sobre su aprobación. El Instituto de Lexicografía prepara los&#xA;  materiales que se discuten en comisión y documenta las propuestas. Una&#xA;  vez estudiadas por las comisiones y el Pleno, las propuestas pasan a&#xA;  consulta de las academias americanas que propondrán sus observaciones&#xA;  para que la modificación pueda ser aprobada definitivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más detalles, consulta este artículo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/como-se-hace-el-diccionario&quot;&gt;Cómo se actualiza el diccionario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T10:43:05.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13257" CreationDate="2015-07-11T10:52:55.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el español existen los fenómenos fonéticos, estos son sustituciones, sustracciones o adhesiones de sonidos a las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;T&quot;oalla - to&lt;strong&gt;ba&lt;/strong&gt;lla.&quot; &quot;Zanahoria - zana&lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt;ria.&quot; &quot;Aguja - a&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;uja&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, tomándolo desde el punto de vista de la historia del lenguaje, podemos ver que a medida que se van construyendo sociedades, nos vamos encontrando con una mayor necesidad de comunicarnos, es por esto que no podemos dejar de lado algo sumamente importante, que en nuestra actualidad, lo tenemos inmerso en nuestra forma de hablar: &lt;em&gt;&quot;la economía y la comodidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Actualmente, para comunicarnos buscamos economizar el tiempo que nos demoramos en hablar o escribir, simplificando o acortando las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;&quot;información - inf. (se dice &quot;info&quot; cuando se expresa oralmente)&quot; &quot;etcétera - etc.&quot; &quot;departamento - dtpo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sin perder el significado de lo que se está diciendo. La comodidad al hablar, nos lleva a, que en el momento de pronunciar todas las palabras que construyen las oraciones, algunas de las letras sean suprimidas, remarcadas, se le agregue complementos directo o indirectos a las oraciones, produciendo una repetición innecesaria (no incorrecta). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro punto que debemos comprender es que toda lengua va evolucionando a medida que van cambiando las generaciones, se agregan nuevos conceptos, se eliminan otros, por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Botica - farmacia&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;setiembre - septiembre.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (En Chile por lo menos) etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las pronunciaciones también se van moldeando según el contexto sociocultural, socioeconómico en el que se va desarrollando la persona. La forma de hablar y expresarse de una persona de estrato social alto no es la misma que la de uno bajo (conste, no estoy discriminando), ya que sus contextos sociales son diferentes y son absolutamente determinantes al momento de aprende a hablar, escribir, pronunciar, etc. Es por esto que una forma de pronunciar una palabra se puede catalogar de &quot;correcta&quot; o &quot;incorrecta&quot; porque socialmente es aceptado así y no de otra forma, independiente de lo que puedan decir los diccionarios, estos solo nos ayudan a mantener un margen de &quot;orden&quot; en la lengua española. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como el latín vulgar se fue masificando y moldeando según la mezcla con las lenguas de los pueblos conquistados, podemos ver actualmente que la lengua española va sufriendo transformaciones. En América Latina no hablamos como la lengua nativa de España y en ambos lugares se habla español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que desde que la Reina Isabel de Castillas declaró el castellano como lengua dominante, construyendo así una gramática para esto, a lo largo de los años han habido reformas que van amoldándose a los nuevos hablantes. Esto dentro de un proceso que puede tardar años. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos a la R.A.E quien nos determina cómo deben escribirse y pronunciarse las palabras, y dentro de ese margen van surgiendo los cambios fonéticos mayoritariamente, como lo mencionaba anteriormente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T00:54:23.077" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T00:54:23.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-11T17:18:27.887" Score="5" ViewCount="504" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having trouble coming up with a clear way of expressing &quot;private tutor&quot; (American English) in a letter to a school district in Spanish.  Suggestions?  (I don't want there to be any confusion as to whether I'm talking about a tutor or a legal guardian.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo expresar el concepto de &lt;em&gt;private tutor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;private tutoring&lt;/em&gt; en español, en una carta dirigida a la escuela?  La idea: es una persona que da clases particulares para regularización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Profesor particular -- sounds promising.  I'm not sure how to get from here to &quot;tutoring.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T12:34:49.600" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T12:34:49.600" Title="translation of &quot;private tutor&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13256" CreationDate="2015-07-11T17:36:34.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we talk about romantic relationships, sometimes we decide to use general and ambiguous words. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;strong&gt;otro&lt;/strong&gt; en su vida. [There is &lt;em&gt;another&lt;/em&gt; in her life]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case &quot;&lt;em&gt;another&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;&lt;em&gt;a man with whom she has a second relationship, probably a lover or a substitute&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que con María tenemos &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt;. [I think we have &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; with Mary]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &quot;&lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;&lt;em&gt;a romantic relationship&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre nosotros no hay &lt;strong&gt;nada&lt;/strong&gt;. [Between us there is &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &quot;&lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;&lt;em&gt;no type of love relationship&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por fin Andrea &lt;strong&gt;está con alguien&lt;/strong&gt;. [Andrea is finally &lt;em&gt;with someone&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here &quot;&lt;em&gt;is with someone&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means &quot;&lt;em&gt;having an affair with a man&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know if these examples show some kind of universal phenomenon, or is only in Spanish. But I think that being ambiguous in our language we are trying to give the message an &quot;atmosphere&quot; of privacy, confidentiality and discretion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answering your question, &quot;hay otro en mi vida&quot; can mean &quot;I have a lover&quot; or &quot;I'll change you by another guy/girl.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-07-11T18:02:12.127" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T18:02:12.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13262" CreationDate="2015-07-11T17:44:50.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we say &lt;strong&gt;profesor particular&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T17:44:50.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13262" CreationDate="2015-07-11T18:10:43.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation is &quot;tutor privado&quot;, but you can use &quot;tutor particular&quot;, &quot;profesor particular&quot;, or &quot;maestro particular&quot;, if you want to refer to a legal guardian most common use is &quot;tutor legal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9387" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T18:10:43.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13262" CreationDate="2015-07-12T01:08:04.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I would say &quot;profesor particular&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2015-07-12T01:08:04.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13219" CreationDate="2015-07-13T04:38:06.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of bad answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The mouse was killed&quot; is used to say that someone (human) or something (a cat, a falling rock... unlucky) killed the mouse.&#xA;El ratón fue asesinado, mataron al ratón, [noun or subject] mató al ratón, are valid sentences depending of what or who killed the mouse. However, 'asesinado' is commonly used referring to people, saying 'el ratón fue asesinado' is same as 'the mouse was murdered' what doesn't make sense (at least for me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About 'el ratón fue matado': it cannot be used that way because 'matado' needs to be preceded by some form of the verb 'to have' (Haber). So, the mouse has been killed (han matado al ratón, ha matado al ratón) will be the correct way for the second part of your question. Note that I used 'al' instead of 'a el'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... I suggest to add a subject or noun to the sentences &quot;the mouse was killed&quot; and &quot;the mouse has been killed&quot; and decide the best options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9393" LastEditorUserId="9394" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T17:53:51.433" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T17:53:51.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13262" CreationDate="2015-07-13T04:58:46.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tutor(a) particular&lt;/code&gt; is an option but it is not the most used way, I'll prefer &lt;code&gt;profesor (a) / maestro (maestra) particular&lt;/code&gt; but you need to check for a specific region/ country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T19:19:16.197" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T19:19:16.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13239" CreationDate="2015-07-13T05:22:34.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have in mind that they are not book translations, they are called adaptations so it happens with any book, written in any language. Things as simple as quarter, are adapted to &quot;25 centavos&quot; because we are not used to say &quot;un cuarto&quot; and in some regions we don't have cents any more, from long time ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T05:22:34.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-13T08:38:13.370" Score="7" ViewCount="4831" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;síguenos&quot; does not appear in most of the major online English-Spanish dictionaries that I use such as Spanishdict.com. I only found one entry about it in a texting dictionary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word looks like a conjugation of the verb &quot;seguir&quot; but it doesn't appear to be so officially! Even Wiktionary.org does not have this word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When googling it I only can find it used in the context of Facebook and Twitter in posts requesting that people &quot;follow us&quot;. When I type &quot;follow us&quot; in English using google translate &quot;síguenos&quot; is the Spanish output. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am very confused. Is &quot;síguenos&quot; a slang or a made up word? Where does the word &quot;síguenos&quot; come from? Finally, are there other Spanish words like this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9397" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:56:35.207" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T13:47:04.647" Title="Is &quot;síguenos&quot; a real Spanish word?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13274" CreationDate="2015-07-13T16:51:59.147" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Síguenos&lt;/em&gt; is a standard Spanish word. The verb &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt; means “to follow.” Sigue is the affirmative &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; command (second-person singular informal imperative) of seguir. &lt;em&gt;Nos&lt;/em&gt; is a direct object pronoun that means “us.” With affirmative commands, pronouns are compounded with the imperative verb (that is, with the command). Therefore, &lt;em&gt;síguenos&lt;/em&gt; means “follow us!” This appears frequently in social media contexts—for example, an advertisement for a business might say “&lt;em&gt;¡Síguenos en Facebook, Instagram y Twitter!&lt;/em&gt;” (“Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter!”)—which is probably why you could find it in a texting dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why the accent with &lt;em&gt;síguenos&lt;/em&gt;? Well, because &lt;em&gt;sigue&lt;/em&gt; ends in a vowel, the accent lies on the second-to-last syllable, which is the same as the first syllable in this case. However, the rule is that if the word ends in a vowel, n, or s, the stress falls on the second-to-last syllable. Because &lt;em&gt;siguenos&lt;/em&gt; (notice the lack of an accent) ends in an s, the stress would fall on the syllable &lt;em&gt;gue&lt;/em&gt;. This, however, is incorrect, because whenever pronouns are compounded (as enclitics) with commands, participles, or infinitives, the stress must remain where it was originally without any attached pronoun. Therefore, the accent mark over the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;síguenos&lt;/em&gt; indicates that the stress should not be on the second-to-last syllable, but rather on the first syllable, where the stress was originally before the pronoun became attached to the command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, the accent is added to keep the stress on the first syllable of &lt;em&gt;siguenos&lt;/em&gt; after the pronoun is compounded with &lt;em&gt;sigue&lt;/em&gt;, because otherwise the accent would fall on &lt;em&gt;gue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend that you read about accent rules with pronouns and commands in Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cliffsnotes.com/foreign-languages/spanish/spanish-ii/the-imperative/using-pronouns-with-commands&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T16:51:59.147" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13276" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13284" CreationDate="2015-07-13T18:00:14.907" Score="3" ViewCount="9015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the phrase &lt;em&gt;ir a uno&lt;/em&gt; used in a number of contexts.  I found on Twitter this image below. I am not sure what the expression means.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puerto Rico, ¡yo voy a ti!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally &lt;strong&gt;I go to you&lt;/strong&gt; what does that mean? It's so simple, and I have been studying Spanish a number of years, yet I can't translate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3ghll.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T06:22:56.513" LastActivityDate="2020-09-25T11:56:33.057" Title="What is the meaning of the idiom &quot;yo voy a ti&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13274" CreationDate="2015-07-13T18:07:24.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure!  The verb is &lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; which is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/dopro1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;direct object&lt;/a&gt; pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo te sigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am following you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El me sigue&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He is following me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/seguir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is an irregular verb: &lt;em&gt;sigo, sigues, sigue, seguimos, seguís, siguen&lt;/em&gt;.  The imperative is &lt;em&gt;sigue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;síguenos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Follow us!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds like Facebook.  &quot;Follow our page!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T18:07:24.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13282" CreationDate="2015-07-13T22:00:30.677" Score="5" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy pensando en la palabra &quot;ofidiofilia&quot;, que, de acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://conceptodefinicion.de/filia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la definición de &lt;em&gt;filia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, es el amor o atracción por las serpientes. Al buscar esta palabra en el DRAE, me aparece que la palabra no existe. ¿Existen palabras que no están registradas en el DRAE? Y si ese es el caso, ¿cuál es el diccionario mas completo que existe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T13:45:45.680" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T13:45:45.680" Title="Confusión sobre ciertas palabras que no están en el DRAE" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13276" CreationDate="2015-07-13T22:39:12.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, there is some ambiguity in the phrase. As @Diego says. The way it is may mean several things but the nearest ones are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I bet to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I support you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm with you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I'm going to you&lt;/code&gt; is some approach and can be taken in consideration but it will be a bad use of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T01:38:39.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13289" CreationDate="2015-07-14T00:18:30.810" Score="2" ViewCount="844" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find the right word to use for a stripe in Jiu Jitsu; as you go up the levels you receive 4 stripes per belt colour. Would I use 'rayas'...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9403" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T19:37:03.453" Title="What do you call a martial arts belt 'stripe' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13280" CreationDate="2015-07-14T01:28:43.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Raya&lt;/code&gt; seems to be appropriate for this context, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el segundo nivel el cinturón es blanco con una raya naranja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was surprises first time I was told that there are more levels beyond a black belt. I think in karate they are called &lt;em&gt;dans&lt;/em&gt;. Probably other disciplines have their own names as well as their own color schemes for belts, but AFAIK, there is no specific term to describe these stripes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just google for some info and found the following table, which again uses &lt;strong&gt;rayas&lt;/strong&gt; (example for the 7th Kyu) to convey &lt;em&gt;stripes&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eo1sQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, take notice that the above is appropriate to describe the belt to some one, like me, who has no idea what it looks like. People who are already &quot;in the business&quot; and know what the belts looks like often refer to them as &quot;blanco, blanco-amarillo (no mention to the stripe), blanco-rojo, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-14T01:35:17.950" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T01:35:17.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13278" CreationDate="2015-07-14T01:33:05.667" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Claro, existen muchísimas palabras que no están registradas.  Además, es importante reconocer que el hecho de no figurar registradas no significa en ningún caso que dichas palabras no sean válidas y aceptables en registros formales.  En textos técnicos (tanto literarios o científicos), puede ser necesario la creación de palabras neólogas, usando elementos de otras palabras ya reconocidas o fácilmente entendibles por otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, aunque el participio activo ya no existe como tal, el sufijo sigue siendo productivo.  Por lo tanto, solo hace falta poner en el diccionario una entrada como la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracto del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;-nte&lt;/strong&gt;. 1. suf. Forma adjetivos verbales, llamados tradicionalmente participios activos. Toma la forma -ante cuando el verbo base es de la primera conjugación, -ente o -iente, si es de la segunda o tercera. Significa 'que ejecuta la acción expresada por la base'. &lt;em&gt;Agobiante, veraneante, absorbente, dirigente, dependiente, crujiente&lt;/em&gt;. Muchos de estos adjetivos suelen sustantivarse, y algunos se han lexicalizado como sustantivos y han generado, a veces, una forma femenina en -nta. &lt;em&gt;Dirigente, dependiente, dependienta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí, el usuario del diccionario puede encontrar una palabra como &lt;em&gt;nadante&lt;/em&gt;, que, a pesar de usarse quizás solo poquísimas veces en la historia de la lengua es una palabra plenamente entendible y válida, no por buscar &lt;em&gt;nadante&lt;/em&gt; sino el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt; y viendo que se forma a base de un verbo, también la entrada &lt;em&gt;nadar&lt;/em&gt;.  Y entonces tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; nadar   -     ar     +      a     +     nte    =  nadante&#xA;-------     --------     --------     --------     --------&#xA;moverse      sufijo       vocal       que hace     que está&#xA;en agua     del inf.     temática     el verbo     nadando&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces un &lt;em&gt;gato nadante&lt;/em&gt; es un gato que se encuentra nadando.  Ya que hay varios miles de verbos en el castellano, sería imposible incluir todos estos adjetivos en uno o dos tomos.  Entonces, el diccionario suele registrar solo las que se han lexicalizado como palabras no adjetivales o cuando, por un cambio semántico, no es posible determinar el significado usando la fórmula de arriba.  Lo mismo pasa con otros sufijos como &lt;em&gt;-dor&lt;/em&gt; («el que hace el verbo») e &lt;em&gt;-ísimo&lt;/em&gt; (superlativo sintético del adjetivo), o, la verdad, todas las flexiones de los verbos y las regulares de los otros tipos de palabras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &lt;em&gt;-filia&lt;/em&gt; es más interesante porque se forma a base no de palabras castellanas, sino a base de palabras griegas o latines.  Por eso, el diccionario prefiere no definirlo como sufijo sino como «elemento composicional»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracto del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;-filia.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Del gr. φιλία, amistad).&lt;/em&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;elem. compos.&lt;/em&gt; Significa 'afición o simpatía'. &lt;em&gt;Bibliofilia, anglofilia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras suelen ser de uso culto y los usuarios de ellos igualmente suelen estar familiarizados con las palabras base griegas. Pero algunas de las palabras base han pasado a uso cotidiano y, por lo tanto, la RAE lo ha visto prudente incluirlas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracto del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;biblio-.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Del gr. βιβλιο-).&lt;/em&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;elem. compos.&lt;/em&gt; Significa 'libro'. &lt;em&gt;Bibliófilo, biblioteca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con palabras base griegas o latines menos comunes, principalmentes creadas únicamente para un texto u otro bastante especializado y que carecen de uso general, un diccionario del castellano no sería un recurso ideal en donde incluirlas  En su vez, tenemos diccionarios griego-castellano y latín-castellano y podemos consultarlos para entender una u otra palabra base antes de juntar su significado con el del sufijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, a veces es posible encontrar restos o pistas de esta palabras bases en otras palabras castellanas (o castellanizadas) como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;ofidiofilia&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracto del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;ofidio.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Del gr. ὀφίδιον, dim. de ὄφις, serpiente).&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  1. &lt;em&gt;adj. Zool.&lt;/em&gt; Se dice de los reptiles que carecen de extremidades, con boca dilatable y cuerpo largo y estrecho revestido de epidermis escamosa que mudan todos los años. Algunos son venenosos; p. ej., la víbora. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás debe tener al final otra anotación que diga «U. t. c. e.&lt;sub&gt;(lemento)&lt;/sub&gt; c.&lt;sub&gt;(omposicional)&lt;/sub&gt;*, pero el usuario del diccionario incluso en este caso puede entender la palabra.  Y si no estuviese esa entrada, en un diccionario griego-castellano seguramente encontraríamos algo que diga «ὀφίδιον: serpiente pequeño» o parecido.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres saber, por ejemplo, como decir «afición o simpatía de las montañas», podemos ir al revés, y buscar la palabra &lt;em&gt;montaña&lt;/em&gt; en un diccionario castellano-griego, tomar el resultado &lt;em&gt;όρος&lt;/em&gt; (oros) y formar una palabra como &lt;em&gt;orosfilia&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;orofilia&lt;/em&gt; o parecido según nos suene mejor en la pronunciación (los lusofalantes, que conste, usan dicha palabra compuesta sin la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; —&lt;em&gt;orofilia&lt;/em&gt;—  en contextos senderistas y alpinistas).  Podrías usarlo en un texto sobre senderistas, y sería perfectamente aceptable, aunque no habría ninguna razón por la que el DRAE (o cualquier otro diccionario) recoja la palabra en páginas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T00:24:55.427" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T00:24:55.427" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13276" CreationDate="2015-07-14T08:27:40.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ir&quot; es un verbo que significa &quot;moverse de un lugar hacia otro&quot;, e implica que el movimiento se produce hacia un lugar apartado del que se mueve (el actor) y del que indica la acción (el hablante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Venir&quot; es un verbo con un significado parecido a &quot;ir&quot;, pero que implica que el movimiento se produce hacia el lugar donde se encuentra el que indica la acción (el hablante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el destino que se indica para esta acción es una persona (o varias), significa que el propósito de la acción es conseguir &lt;strong&gt;estar juntos&lt;/strong&gt; (el/los actor/es, con el/los destinatario/s); este &quot;estar juntos&quot; puede significar simplemente permanecer en un lugar (estado físico), aunque lo más habitual es que se refiera a compartir unas intenciones o un sentimiento (estado psíquico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así podemos encontrar en varias obras literarias y canciones las expresiones &lt;code&gt;ven a mí&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;voy a ti&lt;/code&gt;, expresando (en un sentido poético o figurado) la intención de &lt;strong&gt;permanecer juntos&lt;/strong&gt; en un lugar físico o emocional con la intención de apoyar uno al otro o apoyarse mutuamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, en la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puerto Rico, yo voy a ti!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el significado es como en &lt;strong&gt;yo voy a estar contigo&lt;/strong&gt; (para apoyarte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Ir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (To go) is a verb meaning &quot;to move from one place to another,&quot; and implies that the movement occurs to a secluded place from who moves (the actor) and from who indicates the action (the speaker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Venir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (To come) is a verb with a resemblance to &quot;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; meaning, but it implies that the movement occurs to the place where the speaker is (who is indicating the action).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the destination indicated for this action is a person (or several), it means that the purpose of the action is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar juntos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (to be together, the performer/s with the recipient/s); this &quot;being together&quot; can mean simply stay in one place (physical state), although it is common to refer to share some intentions or feeling (psychological state).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus we can find in several literary works and songs the expressions &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;ven a mí&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;voy a ti&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, expressing (in a poetic way or figuratively) intend to &lt;strong&gt;stay together&lt;/strong&gt; on a physical or emotional place with intent to one support the other, or both to support each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puerto Rico, yo voy a ti!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the meaning is like in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;yo voy a estar contigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (to support you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-07-17T06:46:24.480" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T06:46:24.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13286" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13287" CreationDate="2015-07-14T15:09:06.220" Score="3" ViewCount="401" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;The Luck of Roaring Camp&quot; by Bret Harte, the translator translated &quot;The Kid&quot; (one of the things the miners called a baby, in addition to &quot;Stumpy's Boy&quot; and &quot;d---d little cuss&quot;) as &quot;el corderito.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I realize that a &quot;kid&quot; is a baby goat, and so I understand why the translator would say &quot;corderito,&quot; but I wonder if he was in actuality confused by the moniker and didn't know that it meant &quot;young whippersnapper&quot; or some such, rather than &quot;little goat.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better translation for &quot;The Kid&quot; (when used in this sense)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T03:00:30.517" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T03:00:30.517" Title="What is a more sensible way to translate &quot;The Kid&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13286" CreationDate="2015-07-14T15:34:22.867" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whereas you want to translate a word with a marked connotative tone, do not use saying &amp;quot;El Niño&amp;quot; which is very neutral in the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead you could use any of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Chico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Nene&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Chavo (México)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Chaval (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Pibe (Argentina)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chile we prefer &amp;quot;El Cabro Chico&amp;quot;, but is a local idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T15:34:22.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13286" CreationDate="2015-07-14T19:11:04.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To convey the pejorative connotations of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/whippersnapper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;young whippersnapper&quot;&lt;/a&gt; to &quot;the kid&quot; as a moniker I would go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=ni%F1ato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Niñato&lt;/a&gt;: Dicho de un joven: Sin experiencia /Petulante y presuntuoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It addresses someone young (who is possibly rude or a spoiled brat) as unexperienced but yet overconfident and annoying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other synonyms for &quot;kid&quot; (apart from the more mainstream &quot;niño&quot;, &quot;chaval&quot;, &quot;muchacho&quot;, etc.) may include &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=churumbel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;churumbel&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;crío&quot; or &quot;peque&quot;, but none of this have the connotations of &quot;&lt;em&gt;whippersnapper&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-14T20:43:27.713" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T20:43:27.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13280" CreationDate="2015-07-14T19:37:03.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have practiced martial arts in the past, and where I come from, the word that I am familiar with  is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Punta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El estudiante es cinta naranja &lt;strong&gt;punta&lt;/strong&gt; verde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in other contexts, stripe might be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;franja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and as Diego mentioned, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;raya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T19:37:03.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13297" CreationDate="2015-07-14T22:59:13.833" Score="12" ViewCount="2009" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm watching &lt;em&gt;La pelea de mi vida&lt;/em&gt;, an Argentinean film, and in it the characters are dropping their esses all over the place. &lt;em&gt;E'ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;e'tuve&lt;/em&gt;, even stuff like &lt;em&gt;E' muy e'traño&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;E'to tene'&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The film is about a boxer and his milieu. What I want to know: Is this a class marker or is it pervasive in Argentina? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*NB By &quot;class marker&quot; I mean is it used as part of an accent denoting a certain societal level. For example, in the U.S. it is common for members of the working class in some areas to say &quot;dese&quot; for &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;dem&quot; for &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8420" LastEditorUserId="8420" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T13:54:53.233" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T00:48:04.110" Title="Is the dropped /s/ in Argentina a class marker?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13290" CreationDate="2015-07-14T23:19:59.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common, and it doesn't happen only in Argentina, it happens in most, if not all,  the countries, by regions. In Colombia, for example, everyone in the coast regions. It comes from the roots of that people, from the ancestors. Also the accent is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T23:19:59.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13290" CreationDate="2015-07-15T01:38:25.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does not denote social class and is not pervasive in Argentina. Is just the accent of certain characters on that movie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.speakinglatino.com/how-to-conjugate-the-vos-form/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;other sources&lt;/a&gt; (e.g. different Argentinean movies or shows or even read what Argentineans post on the Internet) you may notice that Argentineans tend to use &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; instead for addressing people &amp;quot;de tú&amp;quot;. Thus, you may hear from Argentineans&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos &lt;em&gt;tenés&lt;/em&gt; que venir a mi fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vos &lt;em&gt;querés&lt;/em&gt; volverme loco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos las bolas por el piso de tantísima corrupción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you'll be hearing the &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;esses&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; the way you are expecting to hear them. The lesson here is that if you are speaking Spanish to Argentineans you don't need to do anything fancy to your &lt;em&gt;esses&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T01:38:25.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13286" CreationDate="2015-07-15T04:46:41.233" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El Chico&quot;&#xA;That is the best translation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9415" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T04:46:41.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-15T04:56:30.530" Score="3" ViewCount="424" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to say the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;In two years I think I will work in a lab&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been playing around with my spanish book and I've come up with the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En dos años creo voy a trabajo en un laboratorio.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure this is the correct usage of ir a syntax. My thinking that this is correct is because voy a means &quot;going to&quot; and then work in a lab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never been here before and I'm just picking up the language, so thanks for any and all feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the context of the entire paragraph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Universidad, mi especialización es la química. Me gusta la&#xA;  química porque es interesante. Las clases son difíciles, pero la tarea&#xA;  es fácil. En dos años creo voy a trabajo en un laboratorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9416" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2015-07-19T17:57:55.160" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T17:57:55.160" Title="Phrasing the future... In 5 years I think I will" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13294" CreationDate="2015-07-15T07:58:33.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct construction would be &quot;voy a trabajar&quot; (tú vas a trabajar, ella va a trabajar, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The periphrastic future is &quot;Ir a&quot; + infinitive. The only one you needed to conjugate was the &quot;ir&quot;, the infinitive is left invariable for all persons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;creer&quot; needs a &quot;que&quot; when a clause follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, &quot;creo que voy a trabajar en un laboratorio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: user1676874 makes a fair point, I took for granted this was the construction you wanted to use but forgot about warning you about the levels of certainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T09:06:18.547" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T09:06:18.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13294" CreationDate="2015-07-15T08:33:23.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While you are correct when you say &lt;code&gt;voy&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;going to&lt;/code&gt;, it's odd to translate it like that when there is no actual &lt;code&gt;going to&lt;/code&gt; in your original sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better approach would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En dos años creo que trabajaré en un laboratorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that in English you use &lt;code&gt;will&lt;/code&gt; to change a verb to its future tense, so in this case it should also change in your Spanish translation, hence changing &lt;code&gt;trabajar&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;trabajaré&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;voy a&lt;/code&gt; of course, doesn't require this step as it happens with &lt;code&gt;going to&lt;/code&gt; in English as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2261" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T08:33:23.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13290" CreationDate="2015-07-15T12:53:28.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't completely agree with Diego. I'm from Argentina and yes, there is a lot of people dropping the esses from all social classes (I even had an economics professor doing that, every single day she would say something like &lt;code&gt;tre empresa ingresan sei mil peso a la semana&lt;/code&gt;). However, this is extremely more frequent now from teens and young adults of the lower classes, at the point it became a prejudice and a stereotype.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastEditorUserId="8866" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T13:14:54.257" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T13:14:54.257" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13299" CreationDate="2015-07-15T15:41:11.987" Score="0" ViewCount="1864" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;sympa&quot; just an abbreviation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=sympatico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;sympatico&quot;&lt;/a&gt;? Or is there another connotation to it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard it addressed directly to me, but also small kids and babies described with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly does &quot;sympa&quot; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks I only heard the word from a Spanish speaker and have not asked where she got it from. So it being of french origin can make sense especially since the definition seems to match exactly. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9419" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:59:22.663" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:59:22.663" Title="What does &quot;You are sympa&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13298" CreationDate="2015-07-15T17:50:02.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reference you provided does not state that &quot;sympa&quot; is by any means a word in Spanish. That &lt;em&gt;sympatico&lt;/em&gt; may be an English slang, probably originated from the Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=simpatico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;simpático&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Although it could very well be originated from the French &lt;a href=&quot;http://french.about.com/od/vocabulary/g/sympa.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sympathique&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), but that does not mean that &quot;sympa&quot; has a real meaning in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I have heard &quot;simpa&quot; (sounds the same; different spelling) in Spanish, it's almost always &quot;hacer un simpa&quot;, meaning &quot;(Nos vamos) &lt;strong&gt;sin pa&lt;/strong&gt;gar de este sitio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El camarero tarda mucho con la cuenta. Deberíamos hacer un &lt;em&gt;simpa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese restaurante era tan malo que nos entraron ganas de hacer un &lt;em&gt;simpa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="6886" LastEditDate="2015-07-18T19:32:37.783" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T19:32:37.783" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13300" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13301" CreationDate="2015-07-15T23:53:28.503" Score="4" ViewCount="1037" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama la transformación de &lt;em&gt;ojo&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;oji-&lt;/em&gt;? Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;ojiabierto&lt;/em&gt;. O bien &lt;em&gt;ali-&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;aliabierto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2019-07-22T17:51:21.147" LastActivityDate="2019-07-22T17:51:21.147" Title="¿Cómo se le llama al afijo &quot;oji-&quot; en, por ejemplo, &quot;ojiabierto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13300" CreationDate="2015-07-16T01:23:27.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Oji&quot; en &lt;em&gt;ojiabierto&lt;/em&gt; no es realmente un prefijo. Un prefijo es un morfema que se añade a una raíz para formar una palabra diferente (el prefijo cambia el significado de la palabra):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ex&lt;/strong&gt;marido, &lt;strong&gt;vice&lt;/strong&gt;presidente, &lt;strong&gt;pre&lt;/strong&gt;pago, &lt;strong&gt;anti&lt;/strong&gt;social&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ojiabierto&quot; es una palabra compuesta (como &quot;rojiblanco&quot;, &quot;sacacorchos&quot;, etc.). Las palabras compuestas se pueden formar de varias maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivo + Sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; compraventa&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivo + Adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; pelirrojo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo + Sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; bajorrelieve&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbo + Sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; sacacorchos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo + Adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; rojiblanco&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adverbio + Adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; malhumorado&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbo + Verbo:&lt;/strong&gt; tejemaneje&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronombre + Verbo:&lt;/strong&gt; quienquiera&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &quot;oji&quot; en &quot;ojiabierto&quot; es una sustantivo que es la primera parte de la palabra compuesta &quot;ojo - abierto&quot;. Igual con &quot;aliabierto&quot;  (abierto de alas). &quot;Ali&quot; es un sustantivo. Técnicamente son la primera palabra de una palabra compuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, puede que el término que estés buscando sea &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;afijo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, que es un tipo de prefijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-17T10:53:18.310" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T10:53:18.310" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2015-07-16T01:46:36.560" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We just learned this in class. Our teacher explained that for dative case--when &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt; is being given &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;--the &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt; must precede the &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your sentence works fine without the &lt;code&gt;&quot;le&quot;&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel dio a &lt;strong&gt;su novia&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;un anillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you moved &lt;code&gt;&quot;un anillo&quot;&lt;/code&gt; before &lt;code&gt;&quot;a su novia&quot;&lt;/code&gt; in that sentence, &lt;code&gt;&quot;le&quot;&lt;/code&gt; would be needed to keep the &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt; before the &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dio &lt;em&gt;un anillo&lt;/em&gt; a su novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our teacher said this was a grammar rule. Unfortunately she didn't explain the etymology, which I'd love to hear if someone can explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8809" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T01:46:36.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2104" CreationDate="2015-07-16T02:26:03.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;The Action of Giving explained.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy to say that to &lt;strong&gt;give&lt;/strong&gt; something is &amp;quot;dative&amp;quot; when the definition of a dative case is when something is &lt;strong&gt;given&lt;/strong&gt;, but looking at other dative verbs might help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustar / to please&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regalar / to gift&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decir / to say&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apoyar / to aid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ayudar / to help&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuidar / to care&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of those verbs represents something that can be given to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you do give something to someone, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/PERSONAL.HTM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;personal a&lt;/a&gt; needs to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me gustan los burritos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veronica me regaló un burrito a mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los madres se cuidan a los niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les dije a mis amigos que les acuesten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El maestro le apoyó al alumno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Emphasis is the key here.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T02:33:59.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13305" CreationDate="2015-07-16T12:18:23.893" Score="0" ViewCount="2543" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando leo, a veces, encuentro la palabra &quot;ora&quot;. No es difícil inferir que esta palabra se usa como &quot;ahora&quot;. ¿Por qué se usa esta palabra? O, mejor dicho, ¿cuándo es apropiado o no usar esta palabra?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T12:24:26.110" Title="Significado de la palabra &quot;ora&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-07-18T11:10:56.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13304" CreationDate="2015-07-16T12:24:26.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele usar duplicada para indicar alternancia: &lt;em&gt;ora lloraba, ora reía&lt;/em&gt; (de manera similar a «bien... bien» o «ya... ya»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es raro usarlo fuera del lenguaje poético o arcaico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T12:24:26.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13300" CreationDate="2015-07-16T12:57:05.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; se llama “vocal de enlace” y creo que no hay un verbo específico que denote formar un compuesto que la lleve. Esto es lo que la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la R.A.E. dice sobre estos compuestos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.2.1f&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Los segmentos de un compuesto aparecen a veces unidos por un elemento de ENLACE. Se usa la vocal &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; en los compuestos coordinativos formados con las pau­tas N&lt;i&gt;-i-&lt;/i&gt;N (&lt;em&gt;ajiaceite&lt;/em&gt;), V&lt;i&gt;-i-&lt;/i&gt;V (&lt;em&gt;subibaja&lt;/em&gt;) y A&lt;i&gt;-i-&lt;/i&gt;A (&lt;em&gt;agridulce&lt;/em&gt;), pero también en algunos su­bordinativos, como N&lt;i&gt;-i-&lt;/i&gt;-V (&lt;em&gt;perniquebrar&lt;/em&gt;). En los compuestos formados por elementos grecolatinos, el elemento de enlace suele ser &lt;em&gt;-o-&lt;/em&gt; para los términos de origen griego (&lt;em&gt;cartógrafo, dermatólogo&lt;/em&gt;) e &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; para los de origen latino (&lt;em&gt;apicultor, fratricida&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T12:57:05.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13290" CreationDate="2015-07-16T14:44:18.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Between the extremes: pronouncing the 's' fully (sibilant sound) and omitting it entirely (which sometimes is done intentionally as tribal jargon), there is an intermediate case: an almost suppressed 's', a slightly aspirated sound (sort of English 'h'). This is very common in some regions of Argentina (more towards the center), and now is prevalent in Buenos Aires also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few examples for listening, from a recent political debate in Buenos Aires:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tm4wripHw7o&amp;amp;t=9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;00:10&lt;/a&gt; &quot;... ya e&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;tán lo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; tre&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; candidato&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; con mayor chance...&quot;  (all aspirated)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tm4wripHw7o&amp;amp;t=75&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1:34&lt;/a&gt; &quot;...buena&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; noche&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; a lo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; tre&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;...&quot; (first aspirated, last one sibilant)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tm4wripHw7o&amp;amp;feature=youtu.be&amp;amp;t=2088&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;34:39&lt;/a&gt; &quot;... con eso calculamo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; llegar a un millón y medio de persona&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; beneficiada&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (idem)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern suggests that the full 's' is prefered for more emphatical words, especially at the end of a phrase. A typical case, I think, is the greeting &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buenas noches.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (or &quot;Buenas tardes.&quot; or &quot;Buenos días.&quot;) : in my experience (Buenos Aires), the last 's' is often pronounced, but the first one is almost always aspirated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T00:48:04.110" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T00:48:04.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13310" CreationDate="2015-07-16T19:11:38.030" Score="4" ViewCount="6904" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras leía una obra, que me abstendré de mencionar, se menciona la siguiente frase al hacer referencia a otras frases de otras obras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía la mano fría como la de una serpiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice que esta frase es un &lt;em&gt;lapsus cálami&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente &lt;em&gt;lapsus cálami&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que podemos inferir, hace referencia a un exabrupto. ¿Cuál es el origen de esta frase? ¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;cálami&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T19:51:36.527" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T19:51:36.527" Title="Significado de &quot;lapsus cálami&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13308" CreationDate="2015-07-16T19:47:40.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lapsus cálami&quot; es una expresión proveniente del latín (como &lt;em&gt;vice versa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;in albis&lt;/em&gt; por ejemplo) que todavía se usa en español y otros idiomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lapsus cálami&quot; se refiere a un error involuntario al escribir. La expresión &quot;hermana&quot; sería &quot;lapsus linguae&quot; que es una error al hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para clarificar tu ejemplo, se menciona la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía la mano fría como la de una serpiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero por supuesto las serpientes no tienen manos (ni pies). Ese es el &quot;lapsus&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T19:47:40.330" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13308" CreationDate="2015-07-16T19:50:24.767" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lapsus cálami&lt;/em&gt; es una locución latina que literalmente significa &quot;error de pluma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gramaticalmente, está formada con el nominativo de &lt;em&gt;lapsus&lt;/em&gt;, -us (error) y el genitivo de &lt;em&gt;calamus&lt;/em&gt;, -i (pluma).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Real Academia Española &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/lapsus+calami&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo describe&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;Error mecánico que se comete al escribir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de errores durante la composición de un texto literario; generalmente se producen durante la reordenación de las frases, cuando se agregan o modifican algunas partes que modifican el sentido original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T19:50:24.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13318" CreationDate="2015-07-17T14:18:58.243" Score="5" ViewCount="6469" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo debo usar “el que” y &quot;el cual&quot; (y “la que,” &quot;la cual,&quot; etcétera) y cuándo debo usar “que”? Por ejemplo, ¿debo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia al hombre con que estaba yo hablando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia al hombre con el que estaba yo hablando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia al hombre con el cual estaba yo hablando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son todas estas oraciones correctas o no? ¿Cuáles son incorrectas y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferiría que se escriban las respuestas en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Clarificación&lt;/em&gt;: Yo entiendo la diferencia entre los pronombres interogativos  &quot;qué&quot; y &quot;cuál&quot;, que es completamente irrelevante a esta pregunta; yo estoy hablando de los pronombres relativos. Simplemente no sé cuándo debo añadir el artículo definido antes del pronombre relativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastEditorUserId="5286" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T15:26:36.073" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T08:09:59.843" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre “el que,&quot; &quot;el cual&quot; y “que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2015-07-17T19:14:35.500" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el español como lengua respeta bastante el principio fonético en comparación con otras lenguas en especial indoeuropeas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La afirmación de que la ortografía del español es principalmente fonográfica (o fonética) es tan extendida como errónea. Una ortografía fonográfica tiende a respetar el principio fonémico según el cual el conjunto de fonemas de una lengua y el conjunto de letras con las que ésta se escribe deben corresponderse biunívocamente, es decir, para cada letra debe haber un solo fonema y para cada fonema debe haber una sola letra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortograf%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Regularidad_e_irregularidad_ortogr.C3.A1fica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de este fenómeno es que en sus primeros años de uso, cuando el idioma castellano convivía con otras lenguas en la península ibérica (como vascuence, portugués, catalán, etc.), el lenguaje fue evolucionando sin una grafía impresa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alfonso X fue el primero en intentar dotar de un código gráfico al idioma. El criterio que se adoptó para elaborar esta grafía fue &lt;strong&gt;fonológico&lt;/strong&gt; (reflejando las propiedades fonológicas del habla de la época). Este enfoque fonológico fue seguido por &lt;em&gt;Elio Antonio de Nebrija&lt;/em&gt; en su publicación de la &lt;em&gt;Reglas de orthographia&lt;/em&gt;, que ya aparte de criterios fonológicos incluía criterios etimológicos para la representación gráfica de ciertas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortograf%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Per.C3.ADodo_alfons.C3.AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1713 fue fundada la Real Academia Española, para &quot;fijar, de acuerdo con el ideal sistemático de la época, la pureza de la lengua&quot;. El ideal de la época, debido al &lt;em&gt;afrancesamiento&lt;/em&gt; de las instituciones culturales tras el acceso al trono de Felipe de Anjou como Felipe V promovió &quot;la etimología y la pronunciación histórica&quot; frente al principio fonetista para representar el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortograf%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#La_fundaci.C3.B3n_de_la_Academia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso la elaboración de la grafía escrita del lenguaje ha evolucionado de intentar un enfoque fonético a uno más orientado el sentido etimológico e histórico, otorgando al español una menor &lt;em&gt;profundidad ortográfica&lt;/em&gt; (mayor correspondencia entre el lenguaje escrito y el hablado) que otras lenguas &quot;hermanas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:47:58.783" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:47:58.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13316" CreationDate="2015-07-17T19:32:45.077" Score="4" ViewCount="19925" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una página de Facebook, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/LaGenteAndaDiciendo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La  gente anda diciendo&lt;/a&gt;, se divulgan frases divertidas o interesantes que se escuchan por la calle. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/LaGenteAndaDiciendo/photos/a.449354605109142.105530.446303612080908/993697310674866/?type=1&amp;amp;theater&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Una de esas frases&lt;/a&gt; me capturó la atención:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son dos polos opuestos. Él tiene una paja para la vida y ella quiere cambiar el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se pueda adivinar por lo contexto, ¿qué exactamente quiere decir &quot;tener una paja para la vida&quot;? ¿Es una jerga? Si lo es, ¿es exclusivamente argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9428" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T21:11:09.147" LastActivityDate="2020-09-30T04:22:55.670" Title="Significado de &quot;tener una paja para la vida&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13315" CreationDate="2015-07-17T19:45:56.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tener paja&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Tener%20paja.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tener desgano, no tener ganas de hacer nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que la frase del ejemplo significa &quot;Él no tiene ganas de nada y ella quiere cambiar el mundo (lo que implica un montón de trabajo)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión argentina, aunque quizá sea entendida y usada en otros países de América latina (no así en España, donde se usaría un equivalente como &quot;Ha nacido cansado&quot; o similar, para expresar que alguien nunca tiene ganas de nada). Desde luego es jerga o lenguaje coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar la expresión &quot;tener paja&quot; en otros contextos (por lo menos en España, no sé si esto es así en otros países latinoamericanos) para expresar que tiene &quot;algo que sobra o carente de valor&quot;. Es la simplificación de la expresión &quot;Mucha paja y poco trigo&quot;. Por ejemplo, puedes decir que un autor rellena su libro con mucha paja (el libro tiene &lt;em&gt;mucha paja&lt;/em&gt;) para expresar que mete muchas cosas que no aportan demasiado con el simple fin de &quot;engordar&quot; el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otra expresión similar que es &quot;tener una paja &lt;strong&gt;mental&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que no implica tener cansancio o vaguedad, sino un lío o desorden &quot;mental&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T19:54:50.470" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T19:54:50.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-17T20:16:57.840" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am struggling to understand the grammar behind the sentence &quot;Sé el primero al que le gusta esto&quot;, and in particular that construction &quot;el primero al que&quot;. I understand &quot;que&quot; to here mean &quot;that&quot; or &quot;who&quot;, and the &quot;a&quot; is simply the personal &quot;a&quot;, but I cannot see past a literal translation of &quot;the first the who&quot;. Why is it not simply &quot;Sé el primero &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; que le gusta esto&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9429" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:51:25.893" Title="Why are there two definite articles in &quot;el primero al que...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13312" CreationDate="2015-07-17T20:47:01.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think is easier to start explaining with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia al hombre con el cual estaba yo hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably already know that &quot;al&quot; is equivalent to &quot;a el&quot;. You could have said (although it sounds worse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia &lt;strong&gt;a el&lt;/strong&gt; hombre con el cual estaba yo hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would have never said &quot;Él odia a hombre&quot;, but &quot;Él odia a &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; hombre&quot;, because you need the &lt;strong&gt;definite article&lt;/strong&gt; before the noun. &lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;cual&lt;/code&gt; are relative pronouns here, so they stand for &quot;the man you were talking to&quot; and thus you need the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él odia al hombre con que estaba yo hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sound a little bit off, and I would suggest using &lt;code&gt;quien&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/81&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; may be useful to clarify between the pronouns &lt;code&gt;que/quien&lt;/code&gt; and the form &lt;code&gt;el que/el cual&lt;/code&gt; (and in in English). You basically use the definite article to distinguish between multiple possible antecedents. It can't be appreciated that well in your example, where is almost the same using the article or not, but in the link there are other examples where the difference is more clear, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los plátanos, &lt;strong&gt;los que&lt;/strong&gt; son maduros, son deliciosos. (The plantains, which are ripe, are delicious.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It you took the article (&quot;Los plátanos, que son maduros, son deliciosos&quot;) you would be implying that all plantains are ripe, instead of differentiating a group among them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T21:01:18.150" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T21:01:18.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13317" CreationDate="2015-07-17T20:57:38.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be just &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;. The &quot;short&quot; prepositions — a, de, con — allow for the omission (or perhaps better said, elision) of the article. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason the article is needed is because all prepositions in Spanish must have a noun or something acting as a noun following them. Proposition standing, common in English, is verboten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; clause you see is actually an adjective clause, though. To nounify adjectives, in other words, to say a thing that is that adjective, we place an article in front.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T20:57:38.700" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13317" CreationDate="2015-07-18T06:58:51.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most usual relative pronoun for people is &quot;que&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Sé el primero que hace clic.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as we are using the pronoun in the I.O. (because &quot;gustar&quot; asks for it), we find ourselves with a preposition.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a preposition, the presence (as opposed to the absence) of an article depends on several things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explanatory clause, mandatory: &lt;em&gt;Mi marido, al que le gusta eso, dice...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restrictive clause, depends: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non person: different rules, depending on whether it's a, de, con, en , por; whether it's affirmative or emphatic... Not our case here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Person, mandatory. &lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt;- Our case.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD, &quot;que&quot;, 1.2.2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:51:25.893" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:51:25.893" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13233" CreationDate="2015-07-18T16:44:29.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually the use of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por qué, porque, por que and porqué&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has its rules and it's not that easy for some people (when writing it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por qué&lt;/strong&gt; is used to ask for the reason why (why someone bought the scarf), so the following is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Por qué compraste la bufanda? -&amp;gt; Why did you buy the scarf?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To ask for how much you should use &lt;code&gt;cuánto&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;por cuánto&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Por cuánto compraste la bufanda? -&amp;gt; For how much did you buy the scarf?&#xA;¿Cuánto te (le) costó la bufanda? -&amp;gt; How much did the scarf cost?&#xA;¿Cuánto te (le) costó? -&amp;gt; How much was it? or How much did it cost? (After asking why)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;code&gt;in exchange for what did the person buy it&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;in exchange for what&lt;/code&gt; is replaced by &lt;code&gt;a cambio de qué&lt;/code&gt; in most cases. some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;in exchange of what did you gave her your pen? &#xA;(¿A cambio de qué le diste tu lapicero?) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;in exchange of nothing, or in exchange of her eraser.&#xA;a cambio de nada, a cambio de su borrador.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;in exchange for what&lt;/em&gt; can be replaced by &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; to ask the reason why too but in those cases I think you use to use why instead of &lt;em&gt;in exchange for what&lt;/em&gt;, and so: &lt;em&gt;¿por qué le diste tu lapicero?&lt;/em&gt; is valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To form this question, por and qué are combined to create por qué, the for how much-part of the question. But of course this part is exactly the same as por qué which asks why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be conclusve about your specific question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So how can one ask For how much did you buy the scarf? without asking&#xA;  Why did you buy the scarf?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cuánto te valió la bufanda?&#xA;¿Cuánto te costó la bufanda?&#xA;¿Por cuánto compraste la bufanda?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;em&gt;valer, costar&lt;/em&gt; mean the same in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Editions: English grammar.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastEditorUserId="9394" LastEditDate="2015-07-18T17:04:47.970" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T17:04:47.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13327" CreationDate="2015-07-18T20:33:12.620" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I'm trying to translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I got the blues for yesterday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My intuition tells me that the closest translation to Spanish would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuve los Blues de ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? Or is there a better way to translate such phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-19T17:51:16.613" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T17:51:16.613" Title="How can you translate &quot;blues for yesterday&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13324" CreationDate="2015-07-18T22:34:58.153" Score="2" ViewCount="477" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;-Ear&quot; is a suffix that productively forms verbs, as &quot;tutear&quot; from &quot;tú&quot; or &quot;zapatear&quot; from &quot;zapato.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: when is this suffix used over just plain &quot;-ar&quot; and vice versa? For instance, &quot;abanicar&quot; is formed from &quot;abanico&quot; and &quot;viajar&quot; from &quot;viaje.&quot; So why are the words not &quot;guerrar&quot; instead of &quot;guerrear&quot; or &quot;telefonar&quot; instead of &quot;telefonear&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5286" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T23:29:55.700" Title="Use of verb-forming suffix &quot;-ear&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13323" CreationDate="2015-07-18T23:29:55.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se emplea el sufijo &quot;&lt;em&gt;ear&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en la formación de un infinitivo para expresar la repetición de una acción o su reiteración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el caso para los ejemplos que propones:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Zapatear: Dar golpes (más de uno) en el suelo con los pies calzados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tutear: Hablar a alguien empleando el pronombre de segunda persona. Con su uso se borran todos los tratamientos de cortesía y de respeto (no es una cuestión puntual, sino reiterativa).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando este sufijo &quot;&lt;em&gt;ear&lt;/em&gt;&quot; se amplía a &quot;&lt;em&gt;otear&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, aparte de repetición o reiteración, el significado de la acción adquiere un matiz peyorativo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pisotear: Pisar repetidamente, maltratando o ajando algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Fregotear: Fregar deprisa y mal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, y en caso de duda, puedes pensar en la palabra que representa la acción (o acto de), y si termina en &quot;eo&quot; casi siempre corresponderá con un infinitivo que acabe en &quot;ear&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zapateo -&gt; zapatear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tuteo -&gt; tutear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pisoteo -&gt; pisotear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Fregoteo -&gt; fregotear  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más información, visita este enlace:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/biblioteca_fraseologica/n1_cantera/gramatica_02.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes: Cuestiones Gramaticales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The suffix &quot;&lt;em&gt;ear&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is used in the formation of an infinitive to express the repetition (more than one time) of an action or its reiteration (multiple times).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the case for the examples you propose:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Zapatear&lt;/em&gt;: Beating (more than once) on the floor with shod feet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Tutear&lt;/em&gt;: Talk to someone using the second person pronoun. With its use, all treatments of courtesy and respect are cleared (it isn't a point issue, but repetitive).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this suffix &quot;&lt;em&gt;ear&lt;/em&gt;&quot; expands to &quot;&lt;em&gt;otear&lt;/em&gt;&quot; besides repetition or reiteration, the meaning of the action takes on a pejorative connotation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Pisotear&lt;/em&gt;: Depress repeatedly, abusing or rumpling something.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Fregotear&lt;/em&gt;: Wash up quickly and badly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, and when in doubt, you can think of the word representing the action (or act), and if it ends in &quot;&lt;em&gt;eo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; almost always correspond to an infinitive that ends in &quot;&lt;em&gt;ear&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zapateo -&gt; zapatear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Tuteo -&gt; tutear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Pisoteo -&gt; pisotear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Fregoteo -&gt; fregotear&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, visit this link:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/biblioteca_fraseologica/n1_cantera/gramatica_02.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virtual Center Cervantes: Grammar Questions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T23:29:55.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13328" CreationDate="2015-07-19T00:37:58.373" Score="0" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;&lt;em&gt;The Outcasts of Poker Flat&lt;/em&gt;&quot; by Bret Harte, it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...on the morning of the twenty-third of November, ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation (&quot;Los Desterrados de Poker Flat&quot;) has it thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...en la mañana del dia 22 de noviembre...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this right? Is the 23rd considered the 22nd among Spanish speakers, or is this a mis-translation/typo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T11:21:21.697" Title="Why is the 23rd translated as the 22nd day of the month?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13331" CreationDate="2015-07-19T00:47:24.283" Score="6" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que &quot;mediodía&quot; significa &quot;noon&quot; y &quot;dawn&quot; debe ser &quot;amanecer,&quot; pero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;&lt;em&gt;The Outcasts of Poker Flat / Los Desterrados de Poker Flat&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (por Bret Harte) the original English has this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...waited for the &lt;strong&gt;dawn&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas the Spanish translation puts it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...esperó la luz del &lt;strong&gt;mediodía&lt;/strong&gt;,...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would dawn be translated &quot;mediodía&quot; instead of &quot;amanecer&quot; here? It makes no sense, at any rate - the protagonist has been sleeping; it would naturally be the dawn he awaits, not noon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any possible sensible reason why &quot;dawn&quot; would be translated &quot;mediodía&quot; here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T02:32:03.880" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T20:20:45.530" Title="Why is &quot;Dawn&quot; translated &quot;Mediodía&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13322" CreationDate="2015-07-19T11:05:46.010" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not a literal translation but the closest attempt to put it into Spanish that I can think of would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo nostalgia del ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;el ayer&lt;/code&gt; refers to the past times in general as that is the purpose of the original English lyrics of the song you are trying to translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T11:05:46.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13325" CreationDate="2015-07-19T11:21:21.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; to be a typo. The 22nd was Friday, both in English and Spanish; and that would not match well with feeling &quot;a Sabbath lull in the air&quot; that morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T11:21:21.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13298" CreationDate="2015-07-19T12:58:43.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proof it's not the spanish word you are refering to, is that you have spelled it with a &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;, and not a &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sympa&quot; is a french word, used in &quot;tu es sympa!&quot; or &quot;c'est sympa!&quot;. It's more friendly and casual than &quot;sympathique&quot; that has a more formal meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="872" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T12:58:43.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13317" CreationDate="2015-07-19T16:19:24.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;relative pronoun&lt;/em&gt; (equivalent to the English word &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In normal use you must put it together after the other word which makes the syntactic relation. (This is not entirely true, but it avoids complicating the explanation). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;televisor que&lt;/strong&gt; compramos está defectuoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammatical analysis is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Main clause: &lt;em&gt;El televisor está defectuoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subordinate clause: &lt;em&gt;que compramos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subordinate clause can be expanded to &lt;em&gt;el televisor compramos&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;we buy a TV&amp;quot;), where the pronoun &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; replaces &amp;quot;televisor&amp;quot;. That is the function of relative pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot separate &lt;em&gt;televisor&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider your hypothetical sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé el &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt; a &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta esto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the preposition &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; is &amp;quot;sandwiched&amp;quot; between &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution is to use a slightly more complex pronoun. It seems as if we only add an article, but it is actually considered &lt;em&gt;another type&lt;/em&gt; of relative pronoun, that agrees in gender and number with what it's related to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el que, la que, los que, las que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this pronoun we can do more complicated things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El que&lt;/strong&gt; llegue primero ganará. [At the beginning of sentence]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé la primera a &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta esto. [Preceded by a preposition]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé el primero a &lt;strong&gt;el que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...but in this last case we merge &lt;strong&gt;a + el&lt;/strong&gt; into one word &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé el primero &lt;strong&gt;al que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When referring to humans you can also use the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt;, which works identically, but only agrees in number (not gender):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé el primero a &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sean los primeros a &lt;strong&gt;quienes&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:49:42.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13326" CreationDate="2015-07-19T17:55:33.177" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, &lt;code&gt;dawn&lt;/code&gt; should be translated as &amp;quot;amanecer&amp;quot; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=albas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;alba&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... esperó al amanecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... esperó a las primeras luces del alba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing that you &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13325/5481&quot;&gt;already found&lt;/a&gt; a really blatant example of bad translation in the version of that book you are working with, it should not be surprising this is another oner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T17:55:33.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13336" CreationDate="2015-07-19T19:30:35.800" Score="0" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras escuchaba la hermosa canción &lt;em&gt;texas blues&lt;/em&gt; de Mance Lipscomb, me preguntaron, un amigo, como sería la traducción al español del siguiente fragmento de la canción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I ain't got no money, my shoes had done worn thin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuál sería la traducción exacta al español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="9350" LastEditDate="2015-07-19T19:36:45.780" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T06:16:28.260" Title="How do you translate the following phrase?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-07-20T13:49:55.473" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13332" CreationDate="2015-07-19T20:22:53.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I ain't got no money&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se traduciría por &quot;no tengo dinero&quot;. Curioso que de una doble negación (que no se permite en inglés) pasemos a una sola negación en español (aunque también se podría decir &quot;no tengo ningún dinero&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;my shoes had done worn thin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría traducirse como &quot;mis zapatos se han desgastado&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=J7PJ5bqAFDXX2PcGsYnH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Desgastar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; es el verbo español para &quot;worn out&quot;. &quot;Worn thin&quot; simplemente expresa que la suela se ha ido volviendo cada vez más fina. Una traducción más adecuada, que tenga en cuenta ese &quot;had done&quot; podría ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis zapatos habían terminado de desgastarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T20:22:53.723" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2015-07-19T21:36:20.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a purely linguistic point of view &lt;strong&gt;CI-lantro and CU-lantro are exactly the same thing = &lt;em&gt;Coriandrum sativum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, known in Spain since Roman times, way before the discovery of the Americas. That word variation comes from geographical and provincial dialectal differences in good old Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That other totally unrelated tropical herb with a similar yet stronger fragrance, and which grows wild in many parts of the tropics and subtropics, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;, is neither cilantro nor culantro&lt;/strong&gt;. It has never existed in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;non tropical&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Spain, and today it still does not. But for lack of a proper international word, since it was not known before the discovery of the new world, and therefore had NO NAME in Spanish, people in different parts of the New World use different words to refer to it according to its smell, use and physical appearance. For &lt;em&gt;Coriandrum sativum&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ONLY&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, cilantro and culantro are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;BOTH CORRECT!!!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. For &lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;, any local denomination goes (including your own personal one...). &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is known as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;recao, Mexican cilantro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.. in many places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9438" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T08:22:15.803" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T08:22:15.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10405" CreationDate="2015-07-20T03:08:13.450" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This word indeed is not a Spanish word. Although made popular by Joe Arroyo in Colombia in the early 80's, this song is not originally by him. The original song dates from the mid 70's and is by an Aruban artist named Robert Jeandor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original song is in Papiamento which is the native language in the islands of Aruba, Curacao and Bonaire. The lyrics were adapted by Arroyo to Spanish but the word &quot;Bolobonchi&quot; could not be adapted to Spanish since there is nothing equivalent in the Spanish vocabulary. &quot;Bolobonchi&quot; literally means a &quot;goose egg&quot; (that one gets by bumping one's head). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The song is also not a &lt;em&gt;Salsa&lt;/em&gt; but a &lt;em&gt;Tumba&lt;/em&gt;, which is an African rhythm used during the Carnival season in the ABC Islands. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is a soundcloud link to a more recent rendition by the original artist in the original language. &lt;div class=&quot;soundcloud-embed&quot;&gt;&#xD;&#xA;            &lt;iframe src=&quot;https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/130190460?show_artwork=false&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;116&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; frameborder=&quot;no&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&#xD;&#xA;            &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9439" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T13:07:57.730" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:07:57.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13332" CreationDate="2015-07-20T06:16:28.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo aclarar que la canción dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/WZDgWESeZWs?t=57s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I didn't have no money&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en lugar de &lt;code&gt;I ain't got no money&lt;/code&gt;, si te das cuenta, la canción habla en todo momento de tiempo pasado.&#xA;Por otro lado, yo no intentaría hacer una traducción literal, sino una equivalencia de significados, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No tenía dinero, mis zapatos estaban muy gastados... &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T06:16:28.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2015-07-20T10:45:37.630" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw a translation to &quot;el colmo of...&quot; long time ago.  But you must have deep knowledge of the language.  The &quot;combler&quot; is the closest you got and it is a good one.  In fact, it is the one, but as the next entry says, &quot;you cannot just borrow words and fit them into another language.&quot;  The rest of the answers are not even close. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9440" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T10:45:37.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2015-07-20T13:43:29.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although this word has translation in Spanish, I think this word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Irony&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be used for what you are trying to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the irony of a boxer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;colmo&quot; is one of the many word that does not have a direct translation in English, and this is why you need to find a word close to the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked the definition of irony on Google, and here is what I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The expression of one's meaning by using language that normally&#xA;  signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading the last part of the definition, I thin that this word fits what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T13:43:29.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13344" CreationDate="2015-07-20T16:29:58.173" Score="5" ViewCount="721" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing an email where I'd like to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I &lt;strong&gt;suggest&lt;/strong&gt; we meet at the same time and place, only change the day to Friday.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb offered by translation software is &lt;strong&gt;sugerir&lt;/strong&gt;. In the definition for sugerir, &lt;strong&gt;proponer&lt;/strong&gt; (to propose) comes up as a synonym. So 2 questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) For my example above, which would be most appropriate for a casual email or conversation? The below was offered by translation software:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Sugiero que nos encontremos al mismo tiempo y lugar, sólo cambiar el día al viernes.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) In general, are &lt;strong&gt;sugerir&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;proponer&lt;/strong&gt; used like their English counterparts? Is one more commonly used than the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8809" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T01:09:45.777" Title="&quot;To suggest/To propose&quot; something in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13343" CreationDate="2015-07-20T17:16:55.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL - English (follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sugerir&quot;/&quot;proponer&quot; y &quot;sugerencia&quot;/&quot;propuesta&quot;, como en inglés &quot;&lt;em&gt;to suggest&lt;/em&gt;&quot;/&quot;&lt;em&gt;to propose&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;suggestion&lt;/em&gt;&quot;/&quot;&lt;em&gt;proposal&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, pueden emplearse del mismo modo en ciertos casos, aunque son sutilmente diferentes. Pueden equivaler a &quot;recomendar&quot; y &quot;recomendación, como en inglés &quot;&lt;em&gt;to recommend&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;recommendation&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu pregunta, puedes usar ambas formas indistintamente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sugiero&lt;/strong&gt; que nos encontremos en el mismo lugar y hora, cambiando únicamente el día al viernes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Propongo&lt;/strong&gt; que nos encontremos en el mismo lugar y hora, cambiando únicamente el día al viernes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, &quot;sugerir&quot; significa lo mismo que &quot;proponer&quot;, aunque también puede significar &quot;evocar&quot; (traer algo a la memoria) o &quot;dejar entrever&quot; (como en los tejidos transparentes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Proponer&quot; o &quot;hacer una propuesta&quot; suele implicar un mayor detalle que sugerir. Cuando se sugiere algo se espera que sean considerados los pros y contras para tomar una decisión, aunque no es condición indispensable que dichas consideraciones vayan incluidas en la sugerencia. Cuando se hace una propuesta, normalmente se incluye un análisis previo de los pros y los contras, de las repercusiones, de las posibles alternativas, del coste o el ahorro (cuando proceda)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13343/to-suggest-to-propose-something-in-spanish/13344?noredirect=1#comment16072_13344&quot;&gt;comenta Sergio Velásquez&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;proponer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; también es usado en el contexto de una proposición [matrimonial], directamente o insinuada, aunque entonces no estamos hablando de una &quot;propuesta&quot; sino una &quot;proposición&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me propuso matrimonio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se me propuso [en matrimonio].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Sugerir&lt;/em&gt;&quot;/&quot;&lt;em&gt;proponer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;sugerencia&lt;/em&gt;&quot;/&quot;&lt;em&gt;propuesta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as in English &quot;to suggest&quot;/&quot;to propose&quot; and &quot;suggestion&quot;/&quot;proposal&quot;, can be used the same way in certain cases, but are subtly different. They may equal to &quot;&lt;em&gt;recomendar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;recommendación&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as in English &quot;to recommend&quot; and &quot;recommendation&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of your question, you can use both forms interchangeably:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sugiero&lt;/strong&gt; que nos encontremos en el mismo lugar y hora, cambiando únicamente el día al viernes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Propongo&lt;/strong&gt; que nos encontremos en el mismo lugar y hora, cambiando únicamente el día al viernes.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &quot;&lt;em&gt;sugerir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means the same as &quot;&lt;em&gt;proponer&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, although it can also mean &quot;&lt;em&gt;evocar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (to evoke, to bring something to mind) or &quot;dejar entrever&quot; (hinting, as in transparent fabrics).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Proponer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer una propuesta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; usually implies greater detail than &quot;&lt;em&gt;sugerir&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. When something is suggested it is expected to be considered the pros and cons for making a decision, although it is not necessarily provided that such considerations will be included in the suggestion. When a proposal is made, usually it is included a preliminary analysis of the pros and cons, the impact of possible alternatives, cost or cost savings (if applicable)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13343/to-suggest-to-propose-something-in-spanish/13344?noredirect=1#comment16072_13344&quot;&gt;Sergio Velásquez commented&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;proponer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is also used in the context of a marriage proposal (&lt;em&gt;proposición&lt;/em&gt; [matrimonial]), directly or hinting, although then we are not talking about a &quot;&lt;em&gt;propuesta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but a &quot;&lt;em&gt;proposición&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me propuso matrimonio&lt;/em&gt;. He proposed me to marry.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Se me propuso [en matrimonio]&lt;/em&gt;. I was proposed [marriage] by him.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T01:09:45.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13346" CreationDate="2015-07-20T22:03:26.203" Score="3" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Cristina Henriquez' novel &quot;&lt;em&gt;El Libro de Los Americanos Desconocidos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (very interesting so far, by the way) there is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Que qué tal ha ido?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this double &quot;que&quot; redundant? Is it simply indicating that the speaker stuttered, or...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;google translate gives me for this, &quot;they did it go?&quot; - obviously not very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T22:30:57.113" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T22:30:57.113" Title="Is this a stutter?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13345" CreationDate="2015-07-20T22:24:04.163" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL - English follows&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser una frase correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona 1 - ¿Qué tal me ha ido?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Persona 2- ¿Que qué tal te ha ido? Te ha ido mal, porque no lo intentaste lo suficiente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una forma abreviada de preguntar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Persona 2 - ¿En serio? ¿Me estás preguntando que &quot;qué tal te ha ido&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be a correct sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person 1 - &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal me ha ido?&lt;/em&gt; (How did it go for me?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Person 2- &lt;em&gt;¿Que qué tal te ha ido? Te ha ido mal, porque no lo intentaste lo suficiente.&lt;/em&gt; (How did it go for you? It went bad, because you did not tried hard enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is an abbreviated form of asking:&#xA;Person 2 - Really? Are you asking me that &quot;how did it go for you&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T22:24:04.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13348" CreationDate="2015-07-20T22:25:36.670" Score="6" ViewCount="2229" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Cristina Henriquez' novel &quot;El Libro de Los Americanos Desconocidos&quot;, the American food item known as &quot;hot dogs&quot; is translated as &quot;perritos calientes&quot; (literally &quot;hot dogs&quot; or &quot;dogs hot&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? After all, &quot;hot dogs&quot; makes no sense, as they are not made from dog meat any more than hamburgers are made from pig meat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In German, &quot;hot dogs&quot; are called &quot;Würstchen&quot; (little sausage), which makes more sense. Have Spanish speakers really just transliterated our nonsensical word for &quot;wieners&quot;/&quot;frankfurters&quot; to &quot;perritos calientes&quot;, or is this a faulty translation, perhaps because the Spanish-speaking world doesn't indulge in such gourmet items?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, speaking of German/American food, my guess is that &quot;Hamburgers&quot; are called that because they originated in Hamburg, and &quot;Frankfurters&quot; are called that because they originated in &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; German city (not Kentucky).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T15:01:28.137" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T15:01:28.137" Title="Are &quot;hot dogs&quot; (the food) really &quot;perritos calientes&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13347" CreationDate="2015-07-20T22:59:41.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que en muchas partes se les llama &quot;perritos calientes&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No sabía del origen del nombre, pero en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perrito_caliente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; leo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen del término hot dog se debe, supuestamente, al humorista&#xA;  gráfico Tad Dorgan (1877-1929), que escribía y hacía tiras de dibujos&#xA;  en el New York Evening Journal. Dorgan asistía a un partido de béisbol&#xA;  en el estadio de Polo Grounds en 1901 de los New York Giants. Él oyó&#xA;  como Harry Stevens vendía las salchichas diciendo: &quot;&lt;em&gt;They're red hot!&#xA;  Get your dachshund sausages while they're red hot!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; («Están al rojo&#xA;  vivo, adquiera sus &lt;em&gt;dachshund&lt;/em&gt; (perro salchicha) mientras están al rojo&#xA;  vivo»). Finalmente esta analogía inspiró a Tad Dorgan a representarlo&#xA;  así en sus tiras cómicas: un &quot;&lt;em&gt;dachshund&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en un pan&quot;, lo que dio la&#xA;  idea de &lt;em&gt;hot dog&lt;/em&gt; (perro caliente). Sin embargo, algunos investigadores&#xA;  discrepan de esta historia y exponen diferentes argumentos acerca de&#xA;  su veracidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma fuente, nombres: Perro caliente, jocho, maño, panchito (Bolivia), pancho(Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero nunca he oído en España otra cosa que &quot;perrito caliente&quot; o &quot;salchicha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that in many places they are called &quot;&lt;em&gt;perritos calientes&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I did not know the origin of the name, but in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perrito_caliente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; I read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The origin of the term hot dog comes from, supposedly, the cartoonist&#xA;  Tad Dorgan (1877-1929), who wrote and made drawings strips in the New&#xA;  York Evening Journal. Dorgan attended a baseball game at the Polo&#xA;  Grounds stadium in 1901 from the New York Giants. He heard Harry&#xA;  Stevens sold sausages saying, &quot;They're red hot Get your &lt;em&gt;dachshund&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  sausages while they're red hot!&quot; Finally this analogy inspired Tad&#xA;  Dorgan to represent this way in their comic strips. A &quot;dachshund&quot; on a&#xA;  roll, which gave the idea of hot dog. However, some researchers&#xA;  disagree with this history and expose different arguments about its&#xA;  veracity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the same source, names: &lt;em&gt;Perro caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jocho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;maño&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;panchito&lt;/em&gt; (Bolivia), &lt;em&gt;pancho&lt;/em&gt; (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I never heard in Spain anything but &quot;&lt;em&gt;perrito caliente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or just &quot;&lt;em&gt;salchicha&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZprAY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;A Tad Dorgan&amp;#39;s comic strip&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T22:59:41.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13350" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13351" CreationDate="2015-07-22T03:01:31.473" Score="5" ViewCount="9995" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer leía un cómic de Batman, escrito y dibujado por Snyder y Capullo y me encontré con que en una de las viñetas decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;... It's the g-censored!-n Batman&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el &amp;quot;censored!&amp;quot; ya añadido por el editor. Me llamó la atención que ya saliese como &amp;quot;censurado&amp;quot;. Ya hubo otras muchas historias que pusieron de moda el &amp;quot;goddamn Batman&amp;quot; o donde se hacía uso (no censurado) de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ceiyg.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ASBAR goddamn Batman&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; All Star Batman and Robin de Frank Miller&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &lt;code&gt;goddamn&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;god damn&lt;/code&gt; puede traducirse como &lt;code&gt;maldito&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;condenado&lt;/code&gt;. Sin embargo, en otras traducciones de historias de Batman donde se usa &lt;em&gt;Goddamn&lt;/em&gt; (por ejemplo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dkreturns.blogspot.com/2012/04/hiyo-god-damn-silver.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dark Knight Returns de Frank Miller&lt;/a&gt;, donde se hace un uso casi exagerado de la &lt;em&gt;palabrita&lt;/em&gt;) &amp;quot;goddamn&amp;quot; se traduce de maneras menos consistentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;God damn running dog... -&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;Maldito&lt;/strong&gt; perro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OWW god damn it-- -&amp;gt; OWW &lt;strong&gt;me cago en la leche&lt;/strong&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goddamn fascist son of bitches... -&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;Me cago en&lt;/strong&gt; esos fascistas hijos de puta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hiyo Goddamn silver  -&amp;gt; Hiyo el &lt;strong&gt;jodido&lt;/strong&gt; Silver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas traducciones son de la versión &lt;em&gt;Absolute&lt;/em&gt; de la novela gráfica de Planeta deAgostini (no especifica traductor), que creo que tampoco son consistentes con otras traducciones al español que he visto para la misma novela gráfica en otras versiones (formatos). De hecho esta version traduce &amp;quot;screw up&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;joderla&amp;quot; en vez de &amp;quot;fastidiarla&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;pifiarla&amp;quot;, por lo que creo que el traductor de esta versión decidió darle un enfoque más adulto en la traducción. Aun así, &lt;code&gt;god damn&lt;/code&gt; no se traduce de una manera consistente. Me sorprende no ver más &amp;quot;maldito&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;jodido&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;me cago en&amp;quot;, pero tampoco tengo una medida para juzgar cómo de &amp;quot;fuerte&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;god damn&amp;quot; comparado con otros exabruptos (¿ligero, medio o fuerte?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor traducción para &lt;code&gt;goddamn&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T10:33:52.877" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor traducción para &quot;Goddamn&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13350" CreationDate="2015-07-22T03:22:10.053" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, &lt;code&gt;maldito&lt;/code&gt; es la mejor traducción.&#xA;En los ejemplos que mencionas, se puede sustituir &lt;code&gt;god damn&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;maldito&lt;/code&gt; y es entendible para todos los hispanohablantes. Por otro lado, términos como &lt;code&gt;me cago en la leche&lt;/code&gt; y en general &lt;code&gt;me cago en&lt;/code&gt;, son muy propios de España (según mi entender).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, los ejemplos que mencionas podrían ser traducidos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;God damn running dog... -&gt; Maldito perro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OWW god damn it-- -&gt; OWW maldita sea--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Goddamn fascist son of bitches... -&gt; Malditos fascistas hijos&#xA;  de puta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hiyo Goddamn silver -&gt; Hiyo maldito Silver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T03:22:10.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13350" CreationDate="2015-07-22T06:40:27.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como para casi todo, no creo que exista &quot;la mejor&quot; traducción para goddamn y que ésta sea invariable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que en casi todos los ejemplos cabía la posibilidad de usar &quot;maldito&quot; o &quot;condenado&quot; pero, si he entendido bien, se encontraban todos en el mismo cómic por lo que el traductor puede haber optado por no repetirse (cosa a la que el castellano, no sé el inglés, es muy sensible estilísticamente), o simplemente ha tratado de acercarse al lector adaptándose a su lenguaje (en registro coloquial oigo poco &quot;maldita sea&quot;, en cambio cagarse en la leche está a la orden del día).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado una traducción popularísima en España: puto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puto perro...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;OWW [me cago en] la puta--&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Putos fascistas hijos de puta...&lt;/em&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, como &lt;em&gt;goddamn&lt;/em&gt;, puede tener connotaciones positivas: &quot;eres el puto amo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es ésta positividad (como apunte curioso) la que tiene tan mala traducción en &quot;Hiyo goddamn Silver&quot;. No creo que la elección del traductor sea la más acertada, pero tampoco encuentro ninguna satisfactoria. Se está jugando con &quot;Hiyo Silver&quot; (arre, Silver) pero con un exabrupto intercalado a la manera de &quot;Abso-fucking-lutely&quot;. Es un juego en el que el ritmo tiene un papel muy importante, y con &quot;maldito&quot; o &quot;jodido&quot; lo rompemos del todo. Quizás &quot;puto&quot; encajaría mejor por ser bisílabo (hiyo, puto Silver), pero habría que ver el contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También habría que ver si la misma traducción se usa en otros países donde no hay connotación positiva que valga para &quot;puto&quot;, en cuyo caso quedaría descartada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-07-22T10:33:52.877" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T10:33:52.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13356" CreationDate="2015-07-22T14:33:44.250" Score="1" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way of saying/writing &amp;quot;Even though they say that …&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aunque dicen que …&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Aunque digan que …&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the second option is the only correct translation, please explain why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is based on lyrics from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=835102&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=835102&lt;/a&gt;.  I know, they use a lot of slang and the text may not be grammatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, one of verses is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque digan que soy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really don't know why they wrote this in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-07T05:04:41.427" LastActivityDate="2020-12-07T05:04:41.427" Title="Should I use subjunctive after 'aunque'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13354" CreationDate="2015-07-22T15:35:38.167" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the lyrics the people might or might not be saying that he is a gangster. Using subjunctive keeps the uncertainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they had chosen the indicative, they would be stating that the people are actually saying that already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, in both cases, although people say so, &quot;I thank God for being where I am&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T15:35:38.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13354" CreationDate="2015-07-22T16:32:22.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree completely with guillem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can think of this in the same way as when we say in English, &quot;even though they may/might say I'm a bandit wherever I go&quot;. Just stating in generally that he realizes that people possibly think of him in this way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This just allows for the uncertainty that guillem referred to. Just furthering his point even more, if you used &quot;dicen&quot;, it would mean that wherever he goes, everyone actually explicitly says that he is a bandit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps and wasn't too redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9453" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T16:32:22.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13354" CreationDate="2015-07-22T19:55:51.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general way to understand it is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aunque + ind.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&quot;In spite of the fact that...&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aunque + subj.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Regardless whether or not...&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such that &lt;em&gt;aunque digan&lt;/em&gt; means that they may say something, they may not, but in any case (insert the rest of the sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque dicen&lt;/em&gt; says that they are indeed saying something, and even so (insert the rest of the sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T19:55:51.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2015-07-22T23:21:52.190" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are different languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since both come from Latin, they are Romance languages that share words and forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To expand on this, there is a very representative table of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_similarity#Indo-European_languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lexical similarity among Indo-European languages in Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;lang&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt; Catalan&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;French&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;German&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Italian&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Portuguese&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Romanian&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Romansh&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Russian&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Sardinian&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Catalan&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.87&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.73&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.76&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;English&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.27&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.60&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.24&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;French&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.27&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.29&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.89&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.80&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;German&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.60&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.29&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Italian&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.87&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.89&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.77&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.82&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Portuguese&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.89&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Romanian&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.73&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.77&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.71&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Romansh&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.76&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Russian&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.24&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Sardinian&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.80&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.76&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Spanish&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.75&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.82&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.89&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.71&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.74&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;0.76&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, Catalan is slightly closer to Italian than to Spanish and Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, I find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.velabas.com/writing/language/how-catalan-different-from-spanish/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article from Velabas&lt;/a&gt; quite interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They’re both romance languages. They share vocabularies, grammatical&#xA;structures, some expressions, etc. If you’re unfamiliar with language&#xA;families, then read this Wikipedia article about it. (...) All Romance&#xA;Language share similarities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also mentions its principal phonetic differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Written Spanish is wholly phonetic while Catalan is not. English, for example is not phonetic. Why? Bekuz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalan shares the ‘L’ of Portuguese.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Final consonants are often silent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish, there is no ‘z’ sound, but in Catalan there is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalan uses consonant clusters where Spanish does not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalan employs linkage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalan has stress-marked vowels that change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, related to the vocabulary, it states that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most words that exist in one romance language are recognizable in&#xA;another. There are always exceptions, and as we’ve seen, languages&#xA;within a single family tend to be more similar to one or two rather&#xA;than to all the others equally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-17T12:57:22.810" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T12:57:22.810" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13361" CreationDate="2015-07-22T23:46:46.777" Score="1" ViewCount="4058" Body="&lt;p&gt;He observado que cuando la énfasis de una palabra no se encuentra en la sílaba antes de la ultima, se pone un tilde. En la palabra &quot;español&quot; no debería ser &quot;españól&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un amigo mío opina que hay una regla que cuando hay una ñ en la palabra, cambia la parte en que aparece la énfasis. Yo no creo que haya una regla así porque la palabra araña no tiene el mismo problema. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si saben por qué es así, pueden explicarlo y avisar de otras palabras similares? Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9460" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T01:03:00.830" Title="Por qué la palabra &quot;español&quot; no tiene acento/tilde sobre la o?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-07-23T12:47:47.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13360" CreationDate="2015-07-23T00:14:00.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La regla es que —aparte de las tildes diacríticas que distinguen dos palabras, una átona y otra tónica como &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;té&lt;/em&gt;— se tildan las palabras cuando el acento verdadero no recae en la misma sílaba en que recae el acento «natural».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El acento natural se define como tal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la última letra es A, E, I, O, U, N o S&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la &lt;strong&gt;penúltima&lt;/strong&gt; sílaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En caso contrario &lt;sub&gt;(es decir, la última letra es B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, Ñ, P, Q, R, T, V, W, X, Y o Z)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la &lt;strong&gt;última&lt;/strong&gt; sílaba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la palabra «español», al pronunciarla sabemos que el acento verdadero recae en la última sílaba.   Ya que no termina en una vocal, N o S, sabemos que el acento natural recae también en la última sílaba.  Por lo tanto, no hace falta tildar.  La &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; solo formaría parte de la decisión de tildar o no si la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; si ubicase al final de la palabra y no hay (que sepa yo) ninguna palabra en la lengua que termine así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Póngote unos ejemplos con acento verdadero en negrita y acento natural en cursiva.  Hay que tildar las palabras si no coincide la sílaba en negrita con la en cursiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mate&lt;strong&gt;má&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;cas  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;re&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;loj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;xa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;men&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e&lt;strong&gt;xá&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;nes  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;fran&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fran&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ces&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T01:03:00.830" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T01:03:00.830" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13363" CreationDate="2015-07-23T06:52:08.423" Score="1" ViewCount="928" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente encontrar oraciones de este tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;al final del día( ) Juan se despide de su mamá con un beso ( ) en la mejilla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer paréntesis, usualmente no se usa la coma, pero es obvio que hay una pausa al leer esa parte de la oración. En el segundo ( ), puede o no puede haber una pausa al leer aunque el significado no cambio entre la pausa y la no pausa. En estos casos, ¿podríamos decir que la coma es opcional o, simplemente, es un error colocar comas en esas circunstancias? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T07:38:54.610" Title="Sobre el uso de la coma opcional" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-07-23T13:54:43.027" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13362" CreationDate="2015-07-23T07:38:54.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay unas normas en la RAE, pero también aparece en su definición: &lt;em&gt;&quot;No siempre su presencia responde a la necesidad de realizar una pausa en la lectura y, viceversa, existen en la lectura pausas breves que no deben marcarse gráficamente mediante comas. Aunque en algunos casos el usar la coma en un determinado lugar del enunciado puede depender del gusto o de la intención de quien escribe, existen comas de presencia obligatoria en un escrito para que este pueda ser correctamente leído e interpretado.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ponerse en la primera, y en la segunda si quieres destacar que es en la mejilla, quizás el día anterior no se despidió igual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=COMA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE: coma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para usos incorrectos de la coma fijate al final del enlace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T07:38:54.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13366" CreationDate="2015-07-23T14:37:11.793" Score="2" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading &quot;Los Indios&quot; by Antonio Batres Jáuregui; the book begins with a section marked &quot;ADVERTENCIA&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A translation of this word appears to be &quot;Warning&quot; or &quot;Caveat&quot;, but I reckon there's probably a more accurate translation to convey the meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The section is short, and is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El carácter severo de la historia me ha obligado, al escribir este&#xA;libro, á procurar que las noticias que contiene, vayan apoyadas por&#xA;la autoridad de escritores notables, que he leído con detenimiento,&#xA;y que cito á cada paso, no por hacer alarde vano de erudición, sino&#xA;para justificar las aseveraciones que modestamente presento al&#xA;público, aunque con la plena confianza de haber tenido á la vista, al&#xA;formularlas, una gran parte de las obras que arrojan luz sobre los&#xA;tiempos pasados de la raza indígena de América.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what would be a better translation for &quot;Advertencia&quot; here than &quot;Caveat&quot; or &quot;Warning&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:17:09.717" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T22:33:27.370" Title="How should &quot;Advertencia&quot; be translated as a section appearing at the start of a book?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13367" CreationDate="2015-07-23T15:11:39.640" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference in banking terms between &quot;cuentas&quot; and &quot;cuentas claras&quot;? The latter seems to be a service for which the bank charges a fee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4165" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T16:45:40.097" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T20:43:52.797" Title="Banking terminology: &quot;cuentas&quot; vs &quot;cuentas claras&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13364" CreationDate="2015-07-23T16:33:54.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try &lt;code&gt;Foreword&lt;/code&gt;. I would have favored &quot;Note from the author&quot;, but as you say in the comments you want something less verbose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, the only example I can think of it right now is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.es/ANATEMA-NOVA-Neal-Stephenson/dp/8466641130&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Anathem, from Neal Stephenson&lt;/a&gt;, where he has a note for the reader and states that if the reader likes &quot;hard&quot; science fiction they can skip the note, and if not, there is something he wants to clarify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I would have maintained &quot;warning&quot;, because the author could have very well said &quot;Nota al lector&quot;, &quot;prefacio&quot;, &quot;preámbulo&quot; or similar. If he wanted that statement to be an &lt;em&gt;advertencia&lt;/em&gt; it should be kept as a &quot;warning&quot; for the English version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T16:46:47.613" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T16:46:47.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13365" CreationDate="2015-07-23T16:41:42.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuentas&lt;/code&gt; would be any kind of bank account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuentas claras&lt;/code&gt; must be a specific product from a certain bank. &quot;Cuentas claras&quot; is nothing like a &quot;Cuenta de ahorro (Savings account)&quot; o &quot;Cuenta corriente (Checking account)&quot;, which are the main kinds of accounts for any bank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the bank ING Direct has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ingdirect.es/cuenta-naranja/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Cuenta Naranja&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which is nothing but the name they have given to a (savings) account with specifics conditions. They are the only bank that has &quot;cuentas naranja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition the expression &quot;tener las cuentas claras&quot; just means that the numbers are easy to understand (they are &quot;crystal clear&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T20:43:52.797" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T20:43:52.797" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T15:28:20.133" Score="4" ViewCount="1126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started learning Spanish and in my reference book I saw a conversation that went like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo un poco cansado ¿y ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think that you had to say: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; poco cansado&amp;quot;, and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;estoy&lt;/strong&gt; muy bien&amp;quot;. Is there something here I've missed? Don't you need a verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9471" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T12:04:16.163" Title="using 'yo' instead of 'estoy'" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2015-07-24T16:16:17.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, in Spanish you only use the subject when (at least) one of these happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a change of subject.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is an emphasis on the subject (i.e. it is that person, and not anyone else).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example it looks like you have a combination of both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T16:16:17.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2015-07-24T16:23:26.027" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL - (English follows)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo, como el sujeto, puede ser omitido en ciertas situaciones, sobre todo al responder a otra frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás [tú]? - &lt;em&gt;How are you?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;[Yo] [estoy] un poco cansado. ¿Y ustedes? - &lt;em&gt;[I] [am] a bit sleepy. ¿And you (plural)?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb, like the subject, may be omitted in certain situations, especially when responding to another sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estás [tú]?&lt;/em&gt; - How are you?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;[Yo] [estoy] un poco cansado. ¿Y ustedes?&lt;/em&gt; - [I] [am] a bit sleepy. ¿And you (plural)?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9112" LastEditorUserId="9112" LastEditDate="2015-07-24T19:56:23.277" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T19:56:23.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13372" CreationDate="2015-07-24T17:24:11.117" Score="3" ViewCount="5990" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm enamored with a musical group called &lt;em&gt;Ariel Camacho y Los Plebes del Rancho&lt;/em&gt;. My take on the name was that &quot;Los Plebes del Rancho&quot; was literally &quot;the plebians of the ranch&quot; and thus they were ranch-hands (cowboys) or some such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, google translate translates &quot;Los Plebes&quot; as &quot;the plebs&quot;, translate.com provides &quot;the plebes&quot;, and a bilingual friend of mine  thinks &quot;los plebes&quot; are &quot;young guys.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which is it - what persona are they conveying with the name &quot;Los Plebes del Rancho&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2019-09-02T06:07:52.023" Title="What is &quot;Los Plebes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13371" CreationDate="2015-07-24T17:40:44.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a colloquial way to say &lt;em&gt;niños&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. &quot;boys&quot;) in Mexico, &lt;strike&gt;Colombia&lt;/strike&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curious that the word is officially feminine in gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T14:16:29.300" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T14:16:29.300" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T21:21:35.190" Score="7" ViewCount="906" Body="&lt;p&gt;After living in Andalucia, Spain, for a number of years I realised my use of &quot;hais&quot; for the second person informal plural (&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;) of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; instead of &quot;habeis&quot; is incorrect. I don't know where I picked it up. Googling shows me that it is used in some isolated areas of Spain. Is it used in Latin America? Is it used only by country bumpkins or is it recognized as acceptable slang?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9476" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T21:10:14.003" LastActivityDate="2020-01-04T16:32:36.330" Title="How widespread is the use of &quot;hais&quot; instead of the correct &quot;habeis&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13373" CreationDate="2015-07-24T21:34:27.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have lived in Sevilla (capital of Andalusia) for almost 28 years and I think I have never heard * &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;, which is obviously incorrect and anyone with some basic education will stigmatize as vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some poorly educated people do say * &lt;em&gt;habemos&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;hemos&lt;/em&gt;. But I don't think people say * &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T21:34:27.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13373" CreationDate="2015-07-25T03:59:40.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not standard Spanish and I've likewise never heard it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, many regions of Spain spoke (and/or speak) languages other than Castilian and, as a result, their Castilian can be sometimes strongly influenced by those.  Note their conjugations of &lt;em&gt;haber/haver&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         Language |    Conjugation    |  Note&#xA;------------------+-------------------+--------------- --- -- -  -   - &#xA;         Asturian |       vós habéis  |&#xA;        Aragonese |  busatros ez      |&#xA;Catalan/Valencian | vosaltres heu     | also, less commonly, “haveu”&#xA;         Galician |       vós havedes |&#xA;          Leonese | vosoutros heis    | possibly “hais” in modern times&#xA;        Mirandese |       vós heis    |&#xA;       Portuguese |       vós havéis  | also, less commonly, “heis”&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Sources (for less common languages): &lt;a href=&quot;http://mirandes.no.sapo.pt/co/co3.html#amostraverbirr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mirandese&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/bookshttps://books.google.com/books?id=cgpZjYdf97YC&amp;amp;pg=PA84&amp;amp;lpg=PA84&amp;amp;dq=verbos%20lleones&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=LTw2m5KQ-b&amp;amp;sig=SPpyQobcTw8AYIykk8dYRC5fzNQ&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CDMQ6AEwB2oVChMIg72euK31xgIVBKA-Ch3A9w3l#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=verbos%20lleones&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Leonese&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unizar.es/unibersida/aragones/page38.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aragonese&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it is certainly possible that you've heard it if the person is from León, Aragón, a Catalonian/Valencian-speaking region, or along the Portuguese border, who is not used to &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; being regular for &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;.  The E/A vowels can alternate a good bit from Castilian, especially with Leonese and Aragonese (and my Leonese source is from a century ago) so it's not inconceivable that a vowel swap could have changed &lt;em&gt;heis&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;, or it developed as regularized irregular form based on &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;han&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) -&gt; &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt seriously the average Spanish speaker would hear &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt; as being &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;. Most likely, they'd probably hear it as a mispronunciation of &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt;. If they did recognize it for whatever reason, though, their view of it will probably vary greatly by how they were familiarized with it, whether they speak one of the languages in question, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, I can't imagine it being used or recognized at all in &lt;em&gt;tuteante&lt;/em&gt; (except as a mispronunciation of &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt;). I believe the &lt;em&gt;voseante&lt;/em&gt; regions generally have &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;habés&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;habé(i)&lt;/em&gt;, so I doubt &lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt; would be used or really understood by any of them, either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, don't use it, because even if people recognize it (unlikely), you won't be able to necessarily predict how they'll interpret it sociolinguistically.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-04T16:29:46.097" LastActivityDate="2020-01-04T16:29:46.097" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13384" CreationDate="2015-07-25T14:49:42.190" Score="3" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la evolución de los idiomas a veces uno se escinde en dos o en más. Históricamente vemos el latín que evolucionó hasta los actuales castellano, portugués, italiano...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También observamos que en países que eran uno y se acabaran escindiendo, una lengua común dio paso a distintas denominaciones que, a la larga, pueden acabar siendo idiomas distintos al tener academias de la lengua propias. Me viene a la cabeza el caso de la antigua Yugoslavia con el serbio-croata que ahora a dado paso al serbio, croata, montenegrino y así hasta sumar un idioma por nuevo país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería, pues, posible que a la larga el castellano pudiera derivar en distintos idiomas con distintas reglas? Entiendo que actualmente no ocurre por el gran peso que tiene la Real Academia de la Lengua. Pero, ¿qué podría pasar para que esta coexistencia de dialectos bajo un mismo paraguas lingüístico diera lugar a una escisión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T19:01:26.140" Title="¿Puede escindirse el castellano en el futuro?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-07-28T11:08:48.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2015-07-25T15:05:36.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Spain and often hear this sort of statement. It's similar to the English,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How are you?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me? Tired&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You hear things like, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Que quieres tomar?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo una caña&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9482" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T17:25:43.663" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T17:25:43.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13422" CreationDate="2015-07-25T18:51:13.070" Score="3" ViewCount="5612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando una mujer está embarazada se dice que &quot;sale de cuentas&quot; en una fecha determinada para referirse a la fecha en que se calcula que nacerá el bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto: ¿de dónde sale esta expresión? ¿Es solamente una reducción de algo así como &quot;salir de las cuentas del nacimiento&quot; o tiene un origen más rico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/cuenta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;salir de ~&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;de ~s&lt;/strong&gt; una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Haber cumplido el período de gestación sin dar a luz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T12:33:49.687" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;salir de cuentas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13376" CreationDate="2015-07-26T06:35:21.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El lenguaje es absolutamente social. Tienes razón al mencionar que la Real Academia Española tiene un gran peso, el determinar qué es lo que llegase a pasar para que de esta lengua surja una nueva, o nuevos dialectos escindiéndose la lengua por completo, es a mi punto de vista, algo subjetivo y que merece un estudio profundo y prolongado planteándose varias posturas. Por lo menos esta sería la mía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la pregunta &quot;qué podría pasar&quot;, consideraría que ver las referencias históricas sería un buen punto de comienzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que el Latín es una lengua que se masificó considerablemente, para que pudieran surgir nuevas lenguas fue necesario que el idioma conquistador (el latín) se impusiera por el conquistado y se mezclaran sus lenguas. En ningún lugar donde llegó el latín se mantuvo el idioma íntegramente, dado que fue el latín vulgar el que se esparció y quienes lo llevaban a cuestas eran soldados, no había un preocupación de proporcionar una &quot;educación&quot; sobre el nuevo idioma que los pueblos conquistados debían adoptar. Esta era una forma poderosa de dominio por sobre el otro y una forma poderosa e influyente de crear nuevas lenguas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a la actualidad, si bien las conquistas no son como antaños, podemos ver que sí se mantiene un rasgo muy importante; la mezcla de lenguas. Vemos en Miami que muchos latinos residentes, personas que aprenden el inglés y que hablan el español, para formar una oración utilizan ambos idiomas, cumpliendo favorablemente, en su contexto, con la comprensión y comunicación; factores principales del lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El punto que quiero abordar es que frente a un contexto, una fenómeno social de mezclas de lenguas sí podría provocar nuevos dialectos con nuevas reglas, donde tendría que verse el progreso a través de los años y ser aceptados socialmente como formas y reglas que cumplan con la comunicación. También debemos considerar que para que esto suceda, un grupo considerable de personas vayan transformando el español y siendo aceptados como una nueva lengua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi punto de vista, el español puede escindirse en la manera que cierto grupo de personas considere que el transformarlo y construir nuevas reglas vaya a cumplir con el objetivo de comunicarse de una forma más eficaz, que se acomode a estos &quot;nuevos hablantes&quot; y se formalicen estas nuevas reglas como un nuevo idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes que pase a ser escrito, debe ser hablado (a mi opinión) y aceptado socialmente para considerar y forjar una evolución del idioma o crear uno nuevo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastEditorUserId="9334" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T19:01:26.140" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T19:01:26.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13380" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-26T18:08:33.200" Score="5" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;I grew up in Costa Rica, so I can understand Spanish just fine. And yet, there is something I never quite got about the language. Here is an example of such thing in action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MZwIB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MZwIB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si abandonás este espacio, recogé tus pertenencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you leave this area, take your belongings with you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... It's the accents. As far as I am concerned, the use of accents in this &lt;em&gt;and many other signs&lt;/em&gt; is completely unnecessary. The message could have been very well &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si abandonas este espacio, recoge tus pertenencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbs &lt;em&gt;abandonas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;recoge&lt;/em&gt; don't have accents. They don't &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ever since I was a child I simply assumed that this was a &lt;em&gt;style&lt;/em&gt; used for announcements/commercials/signs: a technique used for &lt;strong&gt;messages that are meant for the masses&lt;/strong&gt; simply because they sound more appealing (for some reason).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, such assumption has worked for me: almost every time I see some sort of banner or announcement, they put accents on their verbs. Curiously, I have a feeling that government-issued messages don't use this, so I'm guessing that it is not even a formal thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="836" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T14:23:54.950" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:24:24.357" Title="Why do several commercials/announcements put accents on their verbs?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13380" CreationDate="2015-07-26T18:57:28.237" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those tittles are there to mark the Argentinian (and around) pronunciation, where 2nd person singular is actually pronounced like that. You can even check here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=OwNFUpkBeVcRjf05c4tK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=OwNFUpkBeVcRjf05c4tK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess &quot;official&quot; banners follow the standard Spanish (i.e. everywhere except for Argentina) pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T18:57:28.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13380" CreationDate="2015-07-26T20:21:04.663" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that in English, the word tittle refers to the dot above an i or j.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The accents are there because the verb isn't conjugated for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;), rather &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;.  While most people think of Argentina and Uruguay as the main places to hear it, it's actually used pretty extensively across Latin America, but it it's not considered generally part of the prestige register. Its conjugations vary a bit depending on country, though the most common (=Argentinean) imperative forms are -á (-ar), -é (-er), and -í (-ir) with no irregulars except for &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; which is defective and replaced with &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually find any sign with conjugated verbs to feel less formal. Personally, I would've written the sign &quot;Recoger sus pertenencias al abandonar el espacio&quot; (and that's what I'd expect for a government sign, because omitting the conjugation makes it a bit more neutral in whom it's directed to). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially, though, if a sign is conjugated in 2nd person informal, it's just designed to be a bit friendlier of a reminder (the infinitive version would sound a bit more demanding/harsh, IMO).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T13:24:24.357" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:24:24.357" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13376" CreationDate="2015-07-26T22:36:53.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Puede?  Absolutamente.  De hecho ya ha pasado hasta cierto punto (desde el castellano áurico tenemos el ladino, y más recientemente tenemos los criollos como chavacano o pelenquero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero que pase de nuevo en el futuro, lo dudo sinceramente.  La oportunidad ya nos ha pasado por dos razones: aumento en intercomunicación y mejoras en sistemas educativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay diferencias dialectales hoy en día?  Sí.  Pero las diferencias suelen dimuinuirse con la intercomunicación.  Y si salen diferencias, con un estándar para comunicación internacional, es menos probable que estas diferencias engendren otras diferencias más ajenas al estándar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aunque históricamente algunos países, por razones de guerra, dinero, etcétera, no han tenido los mejores sistemas educativos, todo va mejorándose y creo que ahora todos los países hispanohablantes tienen sistemas educativos universales (aunque quizás no en práctica). Las diferencias dialectales suelen estar más marcadas en el habla de los con menos formación educativa.  No lo digo en absoluto como algo malo, pero es evidente cuánto más alto el nivel educativo se tiene, cuánto más culto se habla.  Y el habla (o escritura) culta casi se define por carecer de rasgos dialectales; el español estándar simplemente no es algo que alguien hable nativamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que hay cada día más intercomunicación y mejores sistemas educativos, la posibilidad de que un país o región hispanohablante vaya diferenciando su lengua tanto que llegue a ser otra me parece bastante improbable.  La lengua evolucionará, pero con todos los países juntos.  Pero bueno, siempre es posible que en algún momento futuro, no sé, que la comunidad de Murcia se ponga de Corea de Norte y bloquee toda la comunicación extranjera y en cien años cuando podamos comunicarnos con ellos, haya una diferencia suficiente grande que lo que se hablare allí (que bueno, lo que hablan allí ya es bastante raro jajajaja) lo podremos denominar otro idioma.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T22:36:53.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-27T01:52:37.620" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;If someone puts the phrase &quot;Alimentarse del viento&quot; as their status on a social site, what does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9486" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T15:16:16.187" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T05:14:10.660" Title="What does &quot;alimentarse del viento&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13385" CreationDate="2015-07-27T11:56:09.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often use it this way when traveling or going out for quite a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We'll need something to eat. No one lives from wind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wind doesn't feed anybody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the guy on the social site doesn't have a job or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9489" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T12:34:20.840" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T12:34:20.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1871" CreationDate="2015-07-27T14:14:27.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish people understand &quot;versus&quot; as an english word, with the meaning of &quot;against&quot;, not with the latin meaning of &quot;towards&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T14:14:27.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13364" CreationDate="2015-07-27T22:33:27.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a short statement like this, I favor &quot;Author's Note,&quot; i.e. a short piece of information which the author considers useful to readers before  reading the book. It is a neutral term, whereas &quot;Warning&quot; or &quot;Caveat&quot; could be interpreted as negative, and I'm assuming no author wants to warn readers away. The Spanish &quot;advertencia&quot; is often used in the same way as the English word &quot;warning,&quot; for example, &quot;Advertencia: Alto Voltaje.&quot; It can also mean simply an advisory note. RAE lists one of the definitions of &quot;advertencia&quot; as &quot;Escrito, por lo común breve, con que en una obra o en una publicación cualquiera se advierte algo al lector.&quot; In addition to &quot;warn,&quot; the verb &quot;advertir&quot; can mean to draw attention to something, which is what the author of &quot;Los Indios&quot; is doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If an author has information to share which goes beyond a brief statement, then a longer piece--a preface--would be appropriate. A preface could include information about the origin and scope of the book, the author's methodology, etc. An introductory piece written by someone other than the author is called a foreword. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9492" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T22:33:27.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3393" CreationDate="2015-07-28T12:28:15.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile se utiliza el termino &lt;em&gt;Egresado&lt;/em&gt;, para decir que terminó sus estudios universitarios pero que no se graduó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9497" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T12:53:39.060" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T12:53:39.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3393" CreationDate="2015-07-28T15:50:41.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como en México es menos común ir a la universidad, por lo general cuando se dice en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él no se graduó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se infiere que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;no se graduó de la universidad / no terminó sus estudios / nunca empezó la universidad.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o también &lt;code&gt;&quot;No terminó/acabó la universidad&quot;&lt;/code&gt; puede acercarse mas a tu definición de &quot;estudiante que abandona la universidad antes de graduarse&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T16:17:31.963" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T16:17:31.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2015-07-28T18:08:17.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish language you can omit the verb in these constructions simply because it allows for faster, less &quot;redundant&quot; exchanges. It's not unlike English: &#xA;--&quot;Hey, how are you doing?&quot;&#xA;--&quot;Good; how about you?&quot;&#xA;--&quot;Alright.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T18:08:17.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13373" CreationDate="2015-07-28T18:14:12.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is it used in Latin America?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nope.&#xA;In most of Latin America, the common form would be &quot;han&quot; to go with &quot;ustedes&quot; for the informal second person plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-04T16:32:36.330" LastActivityDate="2020-01-04T16:32:36.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13354" CreationDate="2015-07-28T18:29:12.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque &lt;b&gt;digan&lt;/b&gt; que soy un bandolero&lt;/em&gt; - Even if they said it [that I am bandit]...&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque &lt;b&gt;dicen&lt;/b&gt; que soy un bandolero&lt;/em&gt;- Although they say it [that I am a bandit]...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T18:29:12.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13371" CreationDate="2015-07-28T18:54:49.030" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is worth mentioning that &lt;em&gt;&quot;Plebe&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is an abbreviation of the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;Plebeyos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; referring to a class of ancient Rome, which did not come from large families that founded Rome. It's like saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;the people&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (La Plebe), sometimes used in a derogatory manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9334" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T18:54:49.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13398" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-28T20:39:16.177" Score="1" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una forma del verbo que termina en &lt;em&gt;-ndo&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;caminando&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;durmiendo&lt;/em&gt;.  Yo pienso que esta forma se llama el &quot;participio progresivo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo como se usa &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; con el progresivo, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy pensando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hace poco me encontré una forma semejante con &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy cambiando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su contexto, confío (o solo imagino) que la de arriba esta formada bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Como difieren los sentidos de &lt;em&gt;ir _ando&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar _ando&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1013" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-07-29T01:25:48.747" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T01:25:48.747" Title="¿Como difieren &quot;ir _ando&quot; y &quot;estar _ando&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13398" CreationDate="2015-07-28T20:54:36.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa forma se llama &quot;gerundio&quot;. En español solo existe un participio, el de pasado (el participio de presente solo tiene restos fosilizados del latín; puedes leer más &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.delcastellano.com/2010/07/29/participio-de-presente-activo-espanol-amante-amado/&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma con &quot;ir&quot; es una perífrasis verbal que puede significar varias cosas, dependiendo del contexto (deberías haber dado algún contexto). En general, puede ser una acción progresiva que se repite en el tiempo, o que toma mucho tiempo para realizarse (es decir, se extiende en el tiempo una sola acción).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, &quot;ir andando&quot; puede ser simplemente que esa persona va caminando, es decir, &quot;andando&quot; simplemente indica el modo en el que esa persona va al lugar de destino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T20:54:36.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13407" CreationDate="2015-07-30T14:45:50.723" Score="1" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;Listening to a Spanish radio station this morning, they were counting up the top 10 songs. With at least several of them, they would say, &quot;de la fila&quot; such as: &quot;...Numero cinco, de la fila&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate says this means &quot;row&quot;. I was thinking, by the context, it corresponded to &quot;with a bullet&quot; or &quot;moving up this week&quot; something like that. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T20:47:46.987" Title="What does &quot;de la fila&quot; mean in this context?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13414" CreationDate="2015-07-30T14:47:41.107" Score="1" ViewCount="3088" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a popular song now entitled &quot;Malditas Ganas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to google translate, this is &quot;damn win&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That can't be quite right. What is the singer really trying to convey with that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T06:19:26.440" Title="What does &quot;malditas ganas&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13413" CreationDate="2015-07-30T14:48:09.467" Score="5" ViewCount="10681" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición que da la RAE de &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt; la relaciona con el juego del billar, y coloquialmente la define como &lt;em&gt;carambola&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8rrbhUM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chiripa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. En el juego de billar, suerte favorable que se gana por casualidad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. coloq. carambola (‖ casualidad favorable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen podría ser &lt;strong&gt;serendipia&lt;/strong&gt; pero es incierto. Por tanto, ¿de dónde viene la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9495" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-19T10:44:38.727" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T07:24:37.177" Title="¿De dónde proviene la palabra &quot;chiripa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13404" CreationDate="2015-07-30T15:05:55.767" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &lt;em&gt;de la fila&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;of the list&quot; (i.e. the top 10), although the normal thing would have been &lt;em&gt;de la lista&lt;/em&gt;, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T15:05:55.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13405" CreationDate="2015-07-30T15:16:27.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;tener ganas&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be in the mood&quot;, so &lt;em&gt;malditas ganas&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ganas&lt;/em&gt; is always plural) in that song can mean something like &quot;I hate that I'm in the mood&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T15:16:27.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13406" CreationDate="2015-07-30T15:23:22.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la florida explicación dada por &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=IXmOgLvJ2-gC&amp;amp;pg=PA16#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El folk-lore andaluz: órgano de la sociedad de este nombre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de 1883:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chispa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;chiripon&lt;/em&gt;, palabras originalmente hebráicas, de la&#xA;  raíz &lt;em&gt;scharaph=arder, quemar&lt;/em&gt;; naturaleza(&lt;em&gt;schin&lt;/em&gt;) que realiza&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;resch&lt;/em&gt;) á pedir de boca(&lt;em&gt;phi&lt;/em&gt;) lo que necesita; son voces usadas por&#xA;  el vulgo andaluz para indicar [...] lo poco que á veces hace que nos&#xA;  venga una suerte ó una desgracia [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, no encontré otra fuente que explique cómo pasó a significar sólo &quot;buena suerte&quot; ni cómo se empezó a asociar con el billar, ni ninguna otra que corrobore lo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T15:23:22.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13406" CreationDate="2015-07-30T18:04:23.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://amarantaserendip.blogspot.com/2012/10/el-termino-enespanol-chiripa-tiene-su.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta referencia&lt;/a&gt;, el origen etimológico es &lt;em&gt;serendipia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término en español &quot;chiripa&quot; tiene su origen etimológico precisamente en la palabra &quot;Serendipia&quot;, es decir en la isla de Ceilán, en alusión al cuento persa, donde los problemas se solucionaban por &quot;serendipia&quot;, o sea por &quot;chiripa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en referencia al nombre de la isla de Ceilán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?serendipitoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; también relaciona &lt;em&gt;serendipia&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt;, y se explica el origen de la primera a través de la historia &quot;Las tres princesas de Serendip&quot; de Horace Walpole, y explica que Serendip es el nombre de Ceilán, la actual Sri Lanka.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://365palabras.blogspot.com/2014/06/chiripa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Esta otra referencia&lt;/a&gt; también menta &lt;em&gt;serendipia&lt;/em&gt; como posible origen de &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt;, aunque no hace referencia a la isla de Celián (o Serendip). Eso sí, incluye una referencia a un uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiripa&lt;/em&gt; en una obra del siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...Cogí el cuchillo y lo clavé en la mesa en el mismo sitio que tenía la mano puesta, siendo tal su fortuna, que entre dedo y dedo pasó el cuchillo sin hacer daño. El estudiante que solo por &lt;strong&gt;chiripa&lt;/strong&gt; no se vio manco me cogió de los cavezones, y tirándome al suelo, me sacudió tantas patadas, que me dejó medio muerto...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T18:04:23.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13405" CreationDate="2015-07-30T18:32:08.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course it could mean different things depending on the context. &lt;code&gt;Maldito/a&lt;/code&gt; is one of those swearing words that could stress something as either positive or negative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The robots from Google (translator) are tranlating &quot;ganas&quot; as 2nd person present simple of &quot;ganar&quot; (to win): tú ganas. But that &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=ioDjGq5G9DXX2Xk2BKM9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ganas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; actually means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deseo, apetito, voluntad de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it means something like &lt;em&gt;need for X, craving for X, attitude, willingness or interest to do X, feeling like doing X&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the song is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=2204182&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Malditas Ganas&lt;/a&gt; from some &quot;El Komander&quot; guy, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no se me quitan estas &lt;strong&gt;ganas malditas&lt;/strong&gt; de tomar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means something like &quot;damn &lt;strong&gt;need&lt;/strong&gt; to drink&quot;. Idem for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no se me quitan estas &lt;strong&gt;ganas horribles&lt;/strong&gt; de llamarte &lt;sub&gt; this horrible need to call you &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is actually not that far from &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no se me quitan estas &lt;strong&gt;ganas benditas&lt;/strong&gt; de abrazarte &lt;sub&gt; this blessed need to hug you &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ganas&quot; is either craving, need, want...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo ganas de ir al cine = Me apetece ir an cine = I want to go to the cinema = I fancy to go to the cinema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, in the song&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me dan ganas de acercarme &lt;sub&gt; I want to get closer &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so &quot;malditas ganas&quot; is the &lt;em&gt;damn need&lt;/em&gt; to do X, Y or Z &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T18:41:18.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13416" CreationDate="2015-07-30T20:07:34.763" Score="4" ViewCount="26783" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la siguiente expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Vete a freír espárragos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que es una versión suavizada de &lt;em&gt;¡vete al diablo!&lt;/em&gt; pero su origen no lo conozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T09:53:59.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:55:04.633" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;¡Vete a freír espárragos!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13415" CreationDate="2015-07-30T21:20:26.587" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Interesante pregunta! Tampoco yo sabía el origen de esta expresión, así que buscándola encontré un blog la mar de interesante con una explicación bastante convincente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://columnazero.com/origen-de-la-expresion-vete-freir-esparragos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Columna Zero - origen de la expresión vete a freír espárragos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase vete a freír espárragos data del Siglo XIX, y se usaba con la&#xA;  misma intención que actualmente. A sabiendas que el espárrago se cuece&#xA;  en el primer hervor, la expresión hace referencia a la intención de&#xA;  querer tener a alguien ocupado el mayor tiempo posible, y para ello y&#xA;  evitar su molesta compañía, se le mandaba a freír espárragos. Por&#xA;  aquel entonces también se decía “anda a esparragar”. Existe también la&#xA;  teoría de que por aquella época los espárragos fritos no tenían&#xA;  ninguna consideración culinaria, y por ende, realizar dicha tarea no&#xA;  tenía ningún sentido más que perder el tiempo. Mandar a freír&#xA;  espárragos con el intención de perder, al mandado, de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con esa intención de echar a una persona de un lugar o apartarla del&#xA;  trato con desaire, tras sus comentarios, inconclusiones o&#xA;  impertinencias también se usan otras expresiones como “vete hacer&#xA;  gárgaras”, “vete a freír churros”, “vete al carajo” o “vete a paseo”.&#xA;  En Latinoamérica también se usa el dicho “vete a pelar/freír monos”.&#xA;  Si bien es una expresión coloquial en términos informales con un trato&#xA;  de desconsideración, suele usarse en entornos cercanos, aunque también&#xA;  en desairadas discusiones como forma de concluirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El imprescindible blog 1de3 también tiene una entrada al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2006/07/08/mandar-a-freir-esparragos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mandar a uno a freír espárragos u otras cosas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son frases utilizadas para echar a una persona de un lugar o apartarla&#xA;  del trato con desaire; cuando, hartos del fastidio que representa su&#xA;  presencia o sus comentarios, nos deshacemos del indeseable de manera&#xA;  desabrida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vete a freír espárragos es una frase documentada ya en el siglo XIX en&#xA;  el que se decía anda a freír espárragos o anda a esparragar; esto es,&#xA;  a coger espárragos. La expresión procede en última instancia del&#xA;  proverbio latino Citius quam asparagi coquantur, ‘en lo que tardan en&#xA;  cocer los espárragos’ en latín, y que hace referencia a un tiempo&#xA;  brevísimo, ya que el espárrago debe ser retirado del fuego al primer&#xA;  hervor. Entonces, si lo que se pretende es mantener ocupado el mayor&#xA;  tiempo posible al individuo molesto, o se le manda a recogerlos o a&#xA;  freírlos, en una confusión significativa enviando a freír algo que se&#xA;  ha de hervir, en la línea de algo inútil como la del que asó la&#xA;  manteca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Recomiendo leer el artículo entero por ser muy completo e interesante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, con &lt;em&gt;vete a freír espárragos&lt;/em&gt; se quiere decir o bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Vete a [hacer algo que lleva mucho tiempo], para así no verte en un buen rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Vete a [hacer algo inútil], para así no verte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T09:55:04.633" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:55:04.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13418" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13419" CreationDate="2015-07-31T03:44:30.927" Score="3" ViewCount="714" Body="&lt;p&gt;Along the same vein as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/737/how-to-avoid-the-lexical-redundancy-in-the-literal-spanish-translation-of-to-as&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, how would you say &quot;The question asks...?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;What does the question ask?&quot; or &quot;The question asks that you divide X by Y&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2265" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T19:21:41.520" Title="How would you say &quot;The question asks&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13418" CreationDate="2015-07-31T04:55:01.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how we'd normally say in Colombia, I wouldn't be able to tell for sure that it applies to other countries as well, but it works for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the question ask? = ¿Qué te pide la pregunta? ¿Qué tienes que hacer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question asks that you divide X by Y = La pregunta dice que debes dividir X entre Y / La pregunta te pide que dividas X entre Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T04:55:01.897" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12879" CreationDate="2015-07-31T06:54:12.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option rather than switching to a Spanish keyboard layout, is using the &quot;English International with dead keys&quot; layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specifics vary between operating systems and even versions but importantly it does not move things around - so the legends on your keyboard still match. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On some systems pressing Right Alt + key gives you that key with an accent, e.g. Alt + e for é, or Alt + n for ñ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a Mac it's slightly different, and depends on version as well - snow leopard at least is Left Alt + e then the character you want for an accent, so Alt + e, a for á, Alt + n, n to get ñ etc. Mac does this 'out of the box' however you can set up a Spanish keyboard as well. I think Lion and onwards it is Right Alt instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is great for occasional to moderate use, however if you want to be able to type fast - the Spanish layout is still better.  I bought myself a cheap Spanish key board on eBay, but you can get stickers too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5682" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T02:46:36.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T02:46:36.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-07-31T12:33:49.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El periodo de gestación humano es de nueve meses, pero eso no significa que sea un determinado número de días exacto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente, el día exacto de la fecundación tampoco tiene por qué ser conocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hace que sea muy difícil determinar el día exacto en que se producirá el alumbramiento, y tiempo atrás esto era aún más complicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien &quot;salía de cuentas&quot; era porque alcanzaba o había superado la fecha estimada para el alumbramiento por la matrona / médico que le atendía, lo que significaba que a partir de ese momento el parto debería ser inminente y podría producirse en cualquier momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T12:33:49.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7043" CreationDate="2015-07-31T17:05:49.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been told this many times. It is generally that the person knows well what &quot;pariente&quot; means but does not realize the exact meaning of the English word &quot;parent&quot;. I have heard various people from Mexico refer to their relatives, in general in terms such as &quot;my parents&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9518" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T17:05:49.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13425" CreationDate="2015-07-31T23:25:09.860" Score="3" ViewCount="3164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo lo siguiente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2015/07/31/catalunya/1438356891_248450.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un artículo de Josep Ramoneda&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante las dos décadas anteriores a la crisis de 2008, &lt;strong&gt;la creencia&#xA;  en que no había límites&lt;/strong&gt;, en que todo era posible, &lt;strong&gt;hizo estragos&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  y coronó como nuevo dios a los inefables mercados de los que emana no&#xA;  sólo la obligación política si no también la normatividad moral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me lleva a mirar en la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GwTCO0S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estrago&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;estragar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Daño hecho en guerra, como una matanza de gente, o la destrucción de la campaña, del país o del ejército.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Ruina, daño, asolamiento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;causar, o hacer, estragos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. Provocar una fuerte atracción o una gran admiración entre un grupo de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GwRZHel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estragar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. vulg. *stragāre, asolar, devastar).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. viciar (‖ corromper física o moralmente). U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Causar estrago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me surge la duda: ¿en qué casos se usa &quot;hacer/causar estragos&quot;? Siempre pensé que se refería a algo malo, del tipo &quot;el huracán hizo estragos en las costas&quot;, pero al parecer también tiene cierto punto de admiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T10:49:41.420" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T10:49:41.420" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;hacer estragos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13424" CreationDate="2015-08-01T05:53:53.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente el sentido admirativo se apoye en que aquello que hace estragos suele ser algo de gran alcance, imparable, contra lo que es inútil resistirse: &lt;em&gt;Su película hizo estragos entre los adolescentes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con «arrasar» ocurre más o menos lo mismo: &lt;em&gt;Los Beatles arrasaron en los años sesenta&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso creo que es más fácil hacer la distinción porque pierde la transitividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-08-01T05:53:53.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13427" CreationDate="2015-08-01T12:43:46.197" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The bag&quot; can be either &quot;el bolso&quot; or &quot;la bolsa&quot; - is one preferred, or more common, than the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it that one is used in some circumstances, and the other in others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2015-08-01T16:16:24.540" Title="Which bag is preferred in which situations?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13426" CreationDate="2015-08-01T14:07:55.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;English &lt;em&gt;purse&lt;/em&gt;, Spanish &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt;, and French &lt;em&gt;bourse&lt;/em&gt; all derive from Latin &lt;em&gt;bursa&lt;/em&gt;. Just as there are many kinds of bag or sack, so too are there many kinds of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/bolsa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bolsa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/bolso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bolso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part, &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; indicates a larger thing, such as the large shopping bags you take groceries home in, whereas &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt; indicates a smaller handbag, pocketbook, or purse — or the smaller plastic bags at the supermarket.  A &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; can also be a bourse or stock exchange, while a &lt;em&gt;bolsillo&lt;/em&gt; is normally the pocket of a garment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In certain regions all this can be switched around.  For example, in Mexico a &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; is the pocket of your trousers where you stick change or your billfold or any other pocket on your clothing, whereas normally this is a &lt;em&gt;bolsillo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bolsa&lt;/em&gt; is also a more general word used for various sorts of sacks and expressions, including medical terms.  &lt;em&gt;Tener algo como en la bursa&lt;/em&gt; is to have something in the bag, to have it all sewn up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-08-01T16:16:24.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13429" CreationDate="2015-08-01T17:02:22.450" Score="3" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn spanish by watching &quot;Juego de Tronos&quot; (&quot;Game of Thrones&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frequently, people say what sounds like &quot;mi lord&quot; or &quot;mi lady&quot;, but the subtitles usually show &quot;señor(a)&quot;. To a native Spanish speaker, do &quot;lord&quot; and &quot;lady&quot; sound English or just archaic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, is it similar to hearing &quot;señor&quot; in an otherwise English sentence, or is it more similar to hearing &quot;lord&quot; or perhaps &quot;caesar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9506" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-01T18:08:45.080" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T13:43:43.850" Title="lords and ladies" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13428" CreationDate="2015-08-01T18:01:43.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't follow &quot;Juego de Tronos&quot;, so I don't know much about it. However, checking &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juego_de_tronos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its page in Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; I see references to Lady Catelyn Stark, Lady Lysa Arryn, Lord Eddard, Lord Jon Arryn, etc. So it looks like this is the way the translators decided to keep for the Spanish version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, note that both &lt;code&gt;lord&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;lady&lt;/code&gt; are accepted words in Spanish by the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NcHQvjE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lord&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ingl. lord).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Título de honor que se da en Inglaterra a los individuos de la primera nobleza. También llevan anejo este tratamiento algunos altos&#xA;  cargos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MnTAKM1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lady&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Voz ingl.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Título de honor que se da en Inglaterra a las señoras de la nobleza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are also asking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to a native spanish speaker, do &quot;lord&quot; and &quot;lady&quot; sound english or&#xA;  just archaic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to say. To me, &quot;lord&quot; and &quot;lady&quot; sound like (old fashioned?) titles of nobility and I don't see them as equivalent to &quot;señor/a&quot;. Maybe I would consider &quot;sir&quot; as a translation of &quot;señor&quot;. However, since Game of Trones is -apparently- based on Mid-ages time, it must make sense to use such words there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-30T13:43:43.850" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T13:43:43.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13430" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13431" CreationDate="2015-08-01T18:46:58.690" Score="2" ViewCount="1016" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cocinerosargentinos.com/recetas/3/2238/Guisos/Guiso-carrero-tradicional.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this recipe for Guiso Argentino&lt;/a&gt; and came across the following line in the list of ingredients:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomate perita 1 lata&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate gives me &quot;adept&quot; or &quot;proficient&quot; for &quot;perita&quot; and I know that &quot;pera&quot; means &quot;pear&quot;, but none of these translations make sense.  In this context, what is the meaning of &quot;tomate perita&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9501" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T15:47:10.400" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:47:10.400" Title="Translation of &quot;tomate perita&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13430" CreationDate="2015-08-01T19:34:38.410" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tomate perita&quot; is one variety of tomato that takes its name after its shape resembling a pear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found some references in &lt;a href=&quot;https://elhuerto20.wordpress.com/2011/09/02/tomates-de-pera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elhuerto20&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gastronomiaycia.com/2009/06/25/tomate-pera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gastronomía y cía&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De marzo a julio aproximadamente, en tierras de climas cálidos se&#xA;  recolecta el tomate pera, fruto híbrido de la tomatera que recibe este&#xA;  nombre debido a su característica forma alargada y oblonga. De las&#xA;  diferentes variedades que se cultivan de tomates pera, quizá el más&#xA;  valorado es el conocido como Roma, al que le sigue el Rio Grande, cuyo&#xA;  cultivo está más destinado a la productividad. Pero hay muchas otras&#xA;  variedades, muy similares en aspecto, otras no tanto, incluso hay&#xA;  tomates cherry pera y menos común, al menos en nuestra zona, es el&#xA;  tomate pera amarillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the article of Wikipedia of Tomato there is the section &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomato#Varieties&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Varieties&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pear tomatoes are pear-shaped, and are based upon the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marzano_tomato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;San Marzano&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  types for a richer gourmet paste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find one image here, taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frutaselporton.es/apps/wa1/Hortalizas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frutaselporton&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sJ9AM.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sJ9AMm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T15:44:09.837" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:44:09.837" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="914" CreationDate="2015-08-02T01:21:08.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ms.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpanishDict (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ms&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/a&gt;, the formal English title &quot;Ms.&quot; still translates to &quot;Señora&quot;, as in (as quoted from their entry), &quot;Ms. Sinclair is not at home&quot; translating to &quot;La señora Sinclair no está en casa.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9496" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T01:21:08.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13439" CreationDate="2015-08-02T06:46:38.987" Score="3" ViewCount="14808" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I use the word &quot;Hot&quot; as &quot;Beautiful/attractive&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is a hot girl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking on using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella esta una bonita chica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es tan caliente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do the above sentences make sense in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T09:57:33.467" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T13:36:46.263" Title="Using the word &quot;hot&quot; as &quot;beautiful/attractive&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-02T08:02:14.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, &lt;em&gt;estar caliente&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be horny&quot;, so careful. In Spain we say &lt;em&gt;estar bueno&lt;/em&gt; (which is different from &lt;em&gt;ser bueno&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to be good&quot;). The adjective &lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt; is not normally used for people, only for animals or objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that most of the times, the adjective goes after the noun. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="9465" LastEditDate="2015-08-02T15:53:36.137" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T15:53:36.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13428" CreationDate="2015-08-02T15:14:34.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite that Game of Thrones is timeless, that kind of language is certainly in medieval style.&#xA;In that case, I would use &lt;strong&gt;don / doña&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you will not translate the names, it sounds unusual to say this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Doña Catelyn y Don Eddard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is preferable to keep lady/lord.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it would be right to say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Doña Catalina y Don Eduardo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-08-02T15:22:30.860" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T15:22:30.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13418" CreationDate="2015-08-02T19:21:41.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does the question ask? = ¿Qué pide la pregunta?&lt;/strong&gt; (Here we use &lt;strong&gt;ask&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;pedir,&lt;/strong&gt; since sometimes we introduce it to say &lt;strong&gt;pregunta.&lt;/strong&gt; — e.g. &lt;strong&gt;don't ask = no preguntes.&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it's not that simple as it looks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;The question ask that you divide X by Y = La pregunta pide que &lt;strong&gt;dividas&lt;/strong&gt; X por Y.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's uses the subjunctive, not terribly complex but it's often translated as shown before. Now, as a side note, we don't make any distinction by saying — &lt;em&gt;La pregunta pide que dividas X por Y / X entre Y&lt;/em&gt; —&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish language we often omit the pronouns, we don't say them everytime we speak. In light of this, we can rephrase the sentence as — &lt;em&gt;La pregunta pide que&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;em&gt;dividas&lt;/em&gt; (...) —&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T19:21:41.520" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-02T19:24:27.077" Score="4" ViewCount="1057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't seem to figure out the grammar for this sentence. I've tried looking online at learning resources but still can't figure it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the rest of the verse, it's from a song.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que yo sin ti Y tú sin mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dime quién puede ser feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9526" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T00:47:07.193" Title="Why do I have to put &quot;que&quot; in the sentence &quot;es que yo sin ti.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13437" CreationDate="2015-08-02T19:49:10.973" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't have to use '&lt;em&gt;es que&lt;/em&gt;'. That's just slang or crutch words, typically spelled as '&lt;em&gt;esque&lt;/em&gt;' and not supported by the RAE, Royal Academy of Spanish Language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'&lt;em&gt;Es que&lt;/em&gt;' usually means '&lt;em&gt;because&lt;/em&gt;', or more appropriately '&lt;em&gt;it's because&lt;/em&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have enough context, but I believe that phrase has more of a poetic or lyrical meaning. Something like '&lt;em&gt;because I ...can't live/die... without you&lt;/em&gt;', or '&lt;em&gt;because I, without you, ...can't live/die&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9525" LastEditorUserId="9525" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T00:47:07.193" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T00:47:07.193" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-02T20:05:09.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella esta una bonita chica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do the above sentences make sense in spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above phrase doesn't make sense because it's a literal translation of the verb &lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt;. One of the main differences between English and Spanish, and one of the most common mistakes English speakers make when learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella es tan Caliente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I agree with @Paco in that '&lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;' can mean horny in many places. But, you can use '&lt;em&gt;bonita&lt;/em&gt;' or '&lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt;' when referring to people too. It is specially common when referring to babies or girls, for example. It relates with an attractive cuteness, as opposed to sexy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when meaning hot, you can use the word '&lt;em&gt;sexy&lt;/em&gt;'. One of many &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicism#Anglicisms_in_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;anglicisms&lt;/a&gt; Spanish language uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9525" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T20:05:09.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-03T01:09:27.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that a better translation of &lt;code&gt;hot&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;sensual&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Hot&lt;/code&gt; refers to sexual attractiveness and not simply to beauty (in the traditional way).&#xA;So for &lt;code&gt;She is hot&lt;/code&gt;, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ella es (muy) sensual&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Beautiful&lt;/code&gt; is translated as &lt;code&gt;Hermosa/o&lt;/code&gt;. Traditionally &lt;code&gt;Bonito/a&lt;/code&gt; is not as attractive/graced as &lt;code&gt;Beautiful/Hermosa&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bonito/a&lt;/code&gt; is a very good translation for &lt;code&gt;Pretty&lt;/code&gt;. When you say &lt;code&gt;pretty&lt;/code&gt;, you refer to certain cuteness/attractiveness that does not necessarily match perfectly with the traditional &lt;code&gt;beautiful&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Beautiful&lt;/code&gt; refers more to the correction/perfection of the features. Of course, someone &lt;code&gt;Beautiful&lt;/code&gt; can also be considered &lt;code&gt;Hot&lt;/code&gt;, but when you use one word or the other you are highlighting different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if when you say &lt;code&gt;hot&lt;/code&gt; you want to highlight that the person you are talking about has, lets say &quot;big curves&quot;, you can use &quot;voluptuosa&quot;, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una mujer (muy)voluptuosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I want to clarify that words such as &lt;code&gt;Beautiful/Hermosa&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Pretty/Bonita&lt;/code&gt;, are usually used interchangeably. I mean, when you call your girlfriend &lt;code&gt;Pretty/Bonita&lt;/code&gt;, is not as you are thinking &quot;&lt;em&gt;you are just pretty not beautiful&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1466" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T01:09:27.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13437" CreationDate="2015-08-03T06:25:13.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh I know this song haha. 'que' simply means 'that' or 'because'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it would be translated:&#xA;It's &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; me without you...&#xA;or &#xA;It's &lt;strong&gt;because&lt;/strong&gt; me without you...and you without me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'that' or 'because' in both English and Spanish implies that he is explaining/rationalizing his thoughts. It makes it more conversational. He asks the person he is singing to &quot;tell me who can be happy......because of the aforementioned&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;without the 'que' it translates as such:&#xA;It's me without you...you without me...&#xA;but this is simply stating a fact, there is no argument about whether they are together or not. You can even say that the use of 'que' can begin the sentence with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;It's just that&lt;/strong&gt;...me without you, you without me.&quot; (of course without the 'just')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps. I used to live in latin America, and I'll go against most people by voicing that I believe Reggaeton is a great way to learn conversational, young Spanish...so keep it up. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9527" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T06:25:13.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2593" CreationDate="2015-08-03T11:20:50.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is well explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://letscastilian.com/dont-be-so-possessive/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No possessive with body parts. Normally, Spanish will not use possessives when body parts are involved . . . Spanish makes use of a “dative” pronoun (&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; in the example above), and the noun (i.e. the body part) is premodified by the definite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T11:20:50.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-03T13:45:38.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, the phrase &amp;quot;She is a hot girl&amp;quot; can be translated in different ways depending of the area. Where I come from (Puerto Rico), this is the formal way we use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ella es muy bonita / hermosa / preciosa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking with friends, for example, you may hear these other variations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ella está bien buena!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ella está bien dura!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or using a simile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ella está mas dura que las tablas de multiplicar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please note that using the last three phrases (especially the last two) may be considered pejorative for some people.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T13:36:46.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13447" CreationDate="2015-08-03T15:07:22.800" Score="2" ViewCount="808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo los titulares de periódicos de distintos países de habla hispana, observo que en algunos se utilizan los artículos, mientras que en otros no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Diario&lt;/a&gt; - España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los&lt;/strong&gt; nuevos gobiernos de candidaturas municipalistas se alejan de los&#xA;  actos religiosos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clarin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clarín&lt;/a&gt; - Argentina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; AFA tiene sus propias elecciones primarias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elespectador.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Espectador&lt;/a&gt; - Colombia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especialistas prevén contracción de 1,80% e inflación de 9,25% en&#xA;  Brasil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna regla general al respecto? Busco y no encuentro nada específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-08-08T06:57:28.130" Title="Uso del artículo en los titulares de los periódicos" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-03T15:09:43.777" Score="12" ViewCount="4303" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm developing a few web applications at the moment, and they have a global database of translations behind them, so that they can be used well across various languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Spanish is still fairly beginner, and I'm wondering what the best way would be to translate the word 'Dashboard'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's used in a lot of places, i.e. &quot;Users Dashboard&quot;, &quot;Jobs Dashboard&quot; etc etc, all of which are sort of a 'home page' for that section of the site. They provide an overview of the section, and have small sections of information about the different sections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've translated it to &lt;strong&gt;salpicadero&lt;/strong&gt;, but as far as I know that is fairly definitively &quot;the dashboard of a car/plane etc, instrument panel&quot;. This makes sense but doesn't really fit with the context of the application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any alternative suggestions I could use? Any advice or feedback would be greatly appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9531" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T21:08:28.923" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T01:13:43.257" Title="How would you translate &quot;Dashboard&quot; from a web application point of view?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-03T15:14:43.787" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Panel&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Panel de control&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  which is translated as something like &quot;screen&quot; or &quot;panel&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tablero&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which is translated as something like &quot;board&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that even &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dashboard&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; itself can be used, since people are getting more and more used to English names even in Spanish interfaces (for example, &quot;log in&quot; is quite commonly used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T15:21:30.867" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T15:21:30.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13444" CreationDate="2015-08-03T16:01:45.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que &lt;em&gt;generalmente&lt;/em&gt; he visto en España es que se considera (no sé si correcta o incorrectamente) que la omisión del artículo es influencia anglosajona y debe evitarse (al igual que Las Mayúsculas Innecesarias). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catedras.fsoc.uba.ar/moledo/apuntes.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Por lo que veo aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://perio.unlp.edu.ar/grafica1/htmls/apuntescatedra/apunte_titulacion.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;y aquí&lt;/a&gt;, y en línea con tu ejemplo, en Argentina también ocurre: «No omitir artículos ni proposiciones».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mariapinto.es/alfamedia/prensa/informativos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Esta empresa&lt;/a&gt;, sin embargo, me lleva la contraria, por lo que quizás dependa más del libro de estilo de cada editorial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/el-alcazar-de-la-lengua-el-uso-del-articulo-en-los-nombres-de-paises-4464/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;admite&lt;/a&gt; que ocurre y parece que no se opone: «El estilo periodístico tiende a suprimir el artículo al inicio de un título».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un último vínculo a la Fundéu, que &lt;s&gt;en una lectura diagonal&lt;/s&gt; no aclara nada sobre el uso del artículo, pero que es muy interesante por profundizar en otros aspectos de la redacción de titulares, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/como-escribir-buenos-titulares/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T16:11:52.863" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T16:11:52.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-04T00:11:46.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation should be &lt;strong&gt;Tablero de comandos&lt;/strong&gt; but nobody uses this term in the real life. I prefer to use &lt;strong&gt;Consola&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="192" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T00:11:46.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-04T00:38:46.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that for web environment, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;panel de información&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; suits better according to this definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A customizable landing page for a business application or workspace&#xA;  that uses Web Parts to display selected information. It can provide a&#xA;  comprehensive look at the information inside the application or&#xA;  workspace by consolidating lists, libraries, text, images and other&#xA;  data into a dynamic, customizable information portal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a software developer, I have used this term when translating into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.interglot.es/diccionario/en/es/traducir/dashboard&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.interglot.es/diccionario/en/es/traducir/dashboard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T00:38:46.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-04T04:11:48.140" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned by @fedorqui, as a native Spanish speaker, &lt;strong&gt;dashboard&lt;/strong&gt; is well understood in software development. The full range of options would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panel de control&lt;/strong&gt; which is translated as something like &amp;quot;screen&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;panel&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dashboard&lt;/strong&gt; (although I like to use spanish words)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consola&lt;/strong&gt; is more suited to something like Bash in Linux, or the device that controls the information (but more in a physical aspect). &amp;quot;The machine that controls the PET SCAN is a &lt;strong&gt;consola&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tablero&lt;/strong&gt; is more related to games and has nothing to do with the meaning of dashboard in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;salpicadero&lt;/strong&gt; is completely incorrect, since it's used for &amp;quot;the dashboard of a car/plane etc, instrument panel&amp;quot;, but not the instruments themselves, it's the part that contains them. You normally place the GPS on the &lt;strong&gt;salpicadero.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Thanks @Lambie for showing &lt;strong&gt;tablero&lt;/strong&gt; is, indeed, accepted by DLE RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/drae2001/tablero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.rae.es/drae2001/tablero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9195" LastEditorUserId="9195" LastEditDate="2021-03-23T01:13:43.257" LastActivityDate="2021-03-23T01:13:43.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-04T10:52:41.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dashboard&quot; alone could be translated as &quot;Inicio&quot; in a mobile application context. For &quot;Users dashboard&quot; or &quot;Jobs dashboard&quot; I think the best translation is to delete the word. Spanish users will understand &quot;Usuarios&quot; or &quot;Empleos&quot; section as the main one. Maybe &quot;Inicio usuarios&quot; or &quot;Inicio empleos&quot;, but is gramatically wrong and may sound weird. LinkedIn app has &quot;Empleos&quot; section in its sliding menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im not into web development but I think it will be very similar to mobile development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T10:52:41.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13452" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-04T14:07:23.427" Score="2" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was corrected by a friend when I told her that I think about her a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no. Diga &lt;code&gt;Pienso EN ti&lt;/code&gt;, no &lt;code&gt;DE&lt;/code&gt; ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How many other phrases make use of the word &lt;code&gt;&quot;en&quot;&lt;/code&gt; like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9534" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T14:27:32.123" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T16:17:42.403" Title="What phrases use the word &quot;en&quot; like in the sentence, &quot;Pienso en ti mucho.&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-08-04T17:00:55.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13452" CreationDate="2015-08-04T16:09:28.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En particular, la cuestión no es con &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; sino con el verbo que le precede, en este caso &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;pienso&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; pero podría ser &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;creo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;confío&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;encuentro&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;, entre otros. Digo esto porque cuando estos verbos se usan para referirse a una persona van acompañados de &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; mientras que cuando se usan para referirse a una idea (o en una construcción más compleja) se utiliza &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; o alguna otra palabra. Algunos ejemplos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensas &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; mi trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O simplemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensas &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mi trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué piensas &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; mi trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A su vez, la palabra &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; puede usarse para significar &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;adentro&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cayó &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la piscina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay cosas a las que no les cabe este uso como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la ciencia pero no ciegamente como otros creen &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la religión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de por qué es así (o en cuántos casos ocurre) no la tengo pero ocurre en todos los idiomas que ciertos verbos requieren que se use alguna palabra específica. No creo que haya una explicación formal de por que esto ocurre así, pienso que está relacionado con el uso de las expresiones.&#xA;Sin ir muy lejos, en inglés se evidencia mucho este fenómeno en los multi-part verbs que cambian significativamente dependiendo de la palabra que acompañe al verbo central y según cual sea el verbo central.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;break in,break into, break through, break up, break down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;get in, get up, get out, get into, get down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos tienen distinto significado y no siempre es muy claro de dónde viene, se utiliza el verbo y la preposición o adverbio de manera muy específica según el significado que quiera darse a la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T16:17:42.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13455" CreationDate="2015-08-04T21:34:47.937" Score="5" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/17038/what-is-a-rollback&quot;&gt;&quot;rollback&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Stack Exchange is an action to get a post back to a certain revision in its history.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It even has the badge &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/help/badges/4/cleanup&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cleanup&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for those doing it for the first time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering: how can this be translated to Spanish? Checking in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=rollback&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; I see some suggestions like &quot;reducción&quot;, &quot;retirada&quot; or &quot;revocación&quot;, but neither of them sound very well to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T21:47:25.123" Title="&quot;Rollback&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13454" CreationDate="2015-08-04T21:55:09.437" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest to &quot;&lt;em&gt;do a rollback&lt;/em&gt;&quot; the verb &lt;strong&gt;restaurar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for substantive &lt;em&gt;rollback&lt;/em&gt; none word sounds good to me. &lt;em&gt;Restauración, reposición, restablecimiento...&lt;/em&gt; not seem usual to talk about records, operating systems or databases. Maybe a phrase: &lt;strong&gt;vuelta atrás&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T22:14:51.557" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T22:14:51.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13454" CreationDate="2015-08-05T00:08:09.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use the word &quot;Rebobinar&quot; (&lt;em&gt;Rewind&lt;/em&gt;), &quot;Restaurar&quot; (&lt;em&gt;To restore&lt;/em&gt;), or maybe &quot;Retroceder&quot; (&lt;em&gt;To go back&lt;/em&gt;). As a substantives, there are &lt;em&gt;Rebobinado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Restauración&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Retroceso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9073" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T00:08:09.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13454" CreationDate="2015-08-05T05:27:41.010" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;revertir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T05:27:41.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13454" CreationDate="2015-08-05T05:28:17.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the post is changed to the previous version the correct word would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;revertir&lt;/strong&gt;: Come back to a previous version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reversionar&lt;/strong&gt;: (Not in the sense of remake), but to change the version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recuperar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9195" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T05:28:17.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13461" CreationDate="2015-08-05T13:14:51.990" Score="2" ViewCount="837" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé a santo de qué ha venido hace poco a mi memoria el recuerdo de la serie &lt;em&gt;Perfect Strangers&lt;/em&gt; (titulada &lt;em&gt;Primos Lejanos&lt;/em&gt; en España). Aún recuerdo como de pequeño, al ver los títulos de crédito, me desconcertaba el &quot;América or Burst&quot; que se lee en la caja con las pertenencias de Balki Bartokomous cuando deja la isla de Mypos camino de América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo ir al diccionario hasta encontrar &quot;Burst&quot; (explotar, estallar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(of a container) break suddenly and violently apart, spilling the contents, typically as a result of an impact or internal pressure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y preguntarme, &quot;América o &lt;em&gt;explortar&lt;/em&gt;? Significa eso algo así como &quot;Mandar a América o tirar por el camino si no se puede&quot;? &quot;A América o deshacerse de esto?&quot; &quot;A América o a la basura&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuál sería una traducción acertada para &quot;América or Burst&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DcKz2.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DcKz2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Balki&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T04:13:07.183" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T04:13:07.183" Title="Traducción: &quot;America or burst&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13460" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:12:59.727" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión es usualmente &quot;&lt;em&gt;loquesea&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/or+bust&quot;&gt;or bust&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, significa &quot;&lt;em&gt;loquesea&lt;/em&gt; o morir en el intento&quot;, y se popularizó aparentemente durante la &lt;a href=&quot;http://mentalfloss.com/article/60989/why-do-hitchhikers-say-destinationor-bust&quot;&gt;Fiebre del Oro&lt;/a&gt;. No he visto la serie que mencionas, pero ha de ser un juego de palabras que hace referencia a la (según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balki_Bartokomous&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;) ignorancia que el personaje tiene sobre la cultura estadounidense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T14:12:59.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-05T17:56:44.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no straightforward translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW, the Spanish translation of Wordpress uses &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Escritorio&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd prefer slightly &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Panel&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (as suggested in other answers), perhaps better &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Panel principal&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T17:56:44.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13454" CreationDate="2015-08-05T21:47:25.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Volver a una versión anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T21:47:25.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13424" CreationDate="2015-08-06T19:58:30.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Causar estragos&lt;/code&gt; se suele usar con dos significados muy opuestos, el sentido más literal implica grandes daños, destrozos, consecuencias de alguna catástrofe (natural o humana), etc. Por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;la tormenta de piedra ha causado estragos en la zona rural rompiendo autos, vidrios y destrozando las plantaciones&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, se puede usar para resaltar que algo tuvo un éxito rotundo, como podría ser &lt;code&gt;el delantero causó estragos en la defensa contraria y marcó los tres goles en la victoria de su equipo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso en particular &lt;code&gt;la creencia en que no había límites, en que todo era posible, hizo estragos&lt;/code&gt; da a pensar que utiliza la connotación negativa de la frase, refiriendo tal vez a que estos hechos rompieron de forma total el paradigma que estaba establecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8866" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T19:58:30.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13469" CreationDate="2015-08-07T16:46:04.837" Score="4" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish beginner here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one of my LinkedIn groups, a Spanish-speaking gentleman asked if there were any places you could learn to code in Spanish. I answered him &quot;Codecademy tiene un sitio web en español&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that the correct syntax or should I have used the Ellos/Ellas/Usd. form &quot;tienen&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9550" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T01:22:09.873" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T01:22:09.873" Title="Plurality of organizations" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13467" CreationDate="2015-08-07T18:09:51.317" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This could fall into the case of singular nouns that refer to plural (collective) things. Concordance rules can get tricky here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=concordancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; (4.7)&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los &lt;strong&gt;sustantivos colectivos&lt;/strong&gt; son aquellos que, en singular, designan un&#xA;  conjunto de seres pertenecientes a una misma clase (gente, clero,&#xA;  familia, rebaño, hayedo, cubertería, etc.) ... Cuando uno de estos sustantivos funciona como &lt;strong&gt;sujeto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;el verbo debe ir en singular&lt;/strong&gt;, así como los pronombres o adjetivos a él referidos: &lt;em&gt;«El rebaño se aleja definitivamente»&lt;/em&gt; [...]   La concordancia en plural es admisible cuando se pasa de una oración a otra, pues en ese caso al segundo verbo le corresponde, en realidad, un sujeto plural tácito: &lt;em&gt;«La gente se acercaba y en cuanto veían la escena chillaban»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, I'd strongly prefer the singular form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Codeacademy tiene un sitio web en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because we are mainly alluding to the organization as an abstract thing, not so much to the people who are part of it. I'd only use the plural form in other constructions, say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los [autores/responsables] de Codeacademy tienen un sitio web en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T18:09:51.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13444" CreationDate="2015-08-08T06:57:28.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Guillem es más general que la mía, pero creo que esto también puede ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los ejemplos que diste, el artículo cumple diversas funciones: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-(ejemplo 1) &quot;Los&quot; sugiere que el título se refiere a los gobiernos de &lt;em&gt;todas&lt;/em&gt; las candidaturas municipalistas, y no sólo a los de algunas de ellas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-(ejemplo 2) &quot;La&quot; hace referencia a la (única) AFA (Asociación de Fútbol Argentino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-(ejemplo 3) La omisión del artículo en este caso sirve para no especificar quiénes son los especialistas a los que el título se refiere. Si dijera &quot;Los especialistas prevén...&quot;, esto implicaría que son todos los especialistas del mundo, o &quot;Los especialistas de la bolsa colombiana..&quot;, o quien corresponda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la omisión del artículo permite dar información menos precisa que, como dice Guillem, probablemente debería tratar de evitarse en los titulares de prensa.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9553" LastActivityDate="2015-08-08T06:57:28.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13472" CreationDate="2015-08-08T11:53:01.510" Score="8" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always have difficulties to translate the English word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;embedding&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that RAE has the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=Q2UrxqADmDXX2EwDzunc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Embeber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dicho de un cuerpo sólido: Absorber a otro líquido. La esponja embebe el agua.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Empapar, llenar de un líquido algo poroso o esponjoso. Embebieron una esponja en vinagre.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dicho de una cosa: Contener, encerrar dentro de sí a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dicho de una cosa inmaterial: Incorporar, incluir dentro de sí a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;encajar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; could match in case of &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encaje_(matem%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Mathematical concept&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any standard translation for this word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T01:06:22.997" Title="&quot;Embedding&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13471" CreationDate="2015-08-08T13:51:17.553" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that in computer science, the Spanish language is using &lt;em&gt;embebido&lt;/em&gt; (embeber) as an anglicism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_embebido&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un sistema &lt;strong&gt;embebido&lt;/strong&gt; (anglicismo de embedded) o &lt;strong&gt;empotrado&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;integrado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;incrustado&lt;/strong&gt;) es un sistema de computación diseñado para realizar una o algunas pocas funciones dedicadas,1 2 frecuentemente en un sistema de computación en tiempo real. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that &lt;em&gt;embebido, empotrado, integrado or incrustado&lt;/em&gt; could be used for &lt;em&gt;embedded&lt;/em&gt;, but the standard translation (in computer science) is &lt;code&gt;embebido&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you point to a different accepted translation for maths, (&lt;code&gt;encajar&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;embeber&lt;/code&gt;) it seems that there is no standard or single translation for this word across different domains (maths, computer science, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-08T14:41:39.957" LastActivityDate="2015-08-08T14:41:39.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2015-08-08T19:54:17.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una referencia en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://ec.aciprensa.com/wiki/Origen_del_Nombre_de_Jesucristo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Católica Online&lt;/a&gt; que menciona al libro &lt;em&gt;&quot;Origin of the Name of Jesus Christ&quot;, Maas, Anthony. The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374x.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374x.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta referencia incide en el hecho de que &quot;Jesús&quot; era un nombre común en la época y que &quot;Cristo&quot; era una denominación, por lo que &quot;Jesucristo&quot; es resultado de su uso conjunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra Jesus es la forma latina del griego Iesous, que a su vez es&#xA;  la transliteración del hebreo Jeshua, o Joshua, o también Jehoshua,&#xA;  que significa “Yahveh es salvación”. (...) El nombre griego está&#xA;  relacionado con el verbo &lt;em&gt;iasthai&lt;/em&gt;, sanar; (...) Si bien en el tiempo&#xA;  de Cristo el nombre Jesús parece haber sido bastante común le fue&#xA;  impuesto a Nuestro Señor por orden expresa de Dios (Lc. 1,31; Mt.&#xA;  1,21), como señal de que el Niño estaba destinado a “salvar a su&#xA;  pueblo de sus pecados.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;Christ&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Christos&lt;/em&gt;, equivalente griego para la palabra&#xA;  hebrea &lt;em&gt;Messias&lt;/em&gt;, significa “ungido”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo luego de la Resurrección el título se convirtió gradualmente en nombre propio, y la expresión &lt;em&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Cristo Jesús&lt;/em&gt; se&#xA;  convirtió en una sola designación.&lt;/strong&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso del artículo definido antes de la palabra &lt;em&gt;Cristo&lt;/em&gt; y su gradual&#xA;  desarrollo hacia un nombre propio muestra que los cristianos&#xA;  identificaban al portador de ese nombre con el Mesías prometido de los&#xA;  judíos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La caída de la &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; forma parte del proceso histórico de la evolución de las palabras a través de su uso. Sin embargo, no puedo encontrar una regla general que la explique con mayor detalle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-08T20:18:09.860" LastActivityDate="2015-08-08T20:18:09.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13471" CreationDate="2015-08-08T21:53:31.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como han dicho recientemente, embebido se usa, aunque a los hispano-hablantes, nos suena una palabra forzada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que si usamos mucho es el término &lt;code&gt;integrado&lt;/code&gt;, que significaría como los engranajes se integran para formar una maquinaria perfecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sistema está integrado por una arquitectura compleja, compuesta por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9556" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-09T01:06:22.997" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T01:06:22.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-08T22:37:28.647" Score="6" ViewCount="828" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de mis amigas suele decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo le creo a mis amigos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero para mi tendría más sentido si &quot;amigos&quot; y el pronombre personal fueran en plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo les creo a mis amigos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto suena mal a mi amiga, pero puedo encontrar ambas formas en ejemplos para ilustrar puntos gramaticales de español. ¿Por qué puede ser? ¿Sólo es una diferencia regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ella le escribe a sus padres una carta.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ella les escribe a sus padres una carta.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2252" LastEditorUserId="2252" LastEditDate="2015-08-08T23:14:02.343" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T00:02:24.837" Title="Le/les creo a mis amigos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13475" CreationDate="2015-08-09T00:02:24.837" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ninguna ambigüedad en el asunto: siempre &lt;strong&gt;debe existir concordancia&lt;/strong&gt; de número (y de género en otros casos) entre el pronombre y el referente. Por lo tanto sólo estos casos son correctos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; dice a &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; dice a &lt;strong&gt;ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier otro caso es incorrecto, aunque su uso sea habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lee el item &lt;strong&gt;6.a&lt;/strong&gt; de lo referente a &lt;strong&gt;pronombres personales átonos&lt;/strong&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF#6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T00:02:24.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13577" CreationDate="2015-08-09T07:41:56.390" Score="3" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace ya unos años que las compañías de cosmética vienen anunciando la ausencia de productos dañinos o sospechosos en sus fórmulas. Uno de ellos es una serie de productos generalmente sintéticos con un anillo fenílico llamados &lt;em&gt;parabens&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay cierta disparidad entre las etiquetas de cada marca acerca de cómo escribir dicha palabra en español, y cuál es su plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parabeno, plural parabenos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parabén, plural parabenos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parabén, plural parabenes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;probablemente otras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo mi propia teoría al respecto, la cual no expresaré si no me la pedís para no influir en las respuestas. Pero me gustaría contar con fuentes de autoridad acerca de cuál es la opción correcta o si éstas no existen (o no hay consenso entre ellas) y debemos aceptar el uso más frecuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-08-09T07:47:16.667" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T06:03:01.633" Title="¿Parabén o parabeno?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4679" CreationDate="2015-08-09T10:13:38.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad, la expresión &quot;dar el coñazo&quot; no tiene relación alguna con los genitales femeninos. La filóloga Héloïse Guerrier investigó sobre el origen de varias expresiones vulgares o coloquiales del español, y descubrió que la palabra &quot;coñazo&quot; viene del latín &quot;conatus&quot; (esfuerzo), y tiene que ver con la persistencia empleada para conseguir algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9561" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T10:13:38.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2015-08-09T10:49:41.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that in those examples there's a comma missing. It's called elliptic comma (I guess, as it's &quot;coma elíptica&quot;) in Spanish.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/05/ejemplos-de-coma-eliptica.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/05/ejemplos-de-coma-eliptica.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you hear it spoken, there's a short pause, sort of equivalent to the one indicated by the question mark in English as @Andy said &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9553" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T10:49:41.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13483" CreationDate="2015-08-09T11:31:26.657" Score="3" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method. It says that in Spanish, the gender is often not specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no lo compra - he/she is not buying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;puede mandárselo - can you send it to him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then says you can specify gender and gives the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él no lo compra - He is not buying it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;puede mandárselo a él? - can you send it to him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no se lo dijo a él? - Why didn’t you tell it to him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él quiere que se lo mande. - He wants me to send it to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am bit confused? Sometimes the gender is specified at the start, other times at the end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know where to position it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-09T17:14:01.067" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T21:08:26.553" Title="Where do you specify gender in a sentence?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13480" CreationDate="2015-08-09T14:25:27.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are mistaking &quot;gender&quot; for &quot;subject&quot;, or I did not get your questions. The subject isn't normally specified because you can know the person/number from the verb endings; you only specify it when you need to emphasize the subject, or there is a contrast with the previous subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T14:25:27.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="536" CreationDate="2015-08-09T18:26:02.193" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Latin &lt;strong&gt;Iesus&lt;/strong&gt; is an irregular form of the 4th declension. (The Latin declensions are like verb conjugations in Spanish, but applied to nouns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iesus&lt;/strong&gt; is in the singular &lt;em&gt;nominative&lt;/em&gt; case: the &amp;quot;name&amp;quot; of the word (as seek it in the dictionary) and the form it takes when is grammatical nucleus of subject. &lt;strong&gt;Iesum&lt;/strong&gt; is in singular &lt;em&gt;acusative&lt;/em&gt; (like direct complement). And &lt;strong&gt;Iesu&lt;/strong&gt; is the form that takes all another cases (&lt;em&gt;dative, genitive&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ablative&lt;/em&gt; singular and plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the formation of the Spanish language until the mid-20th century &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; Spanish speakers say the Latin name of Jesus Christ weekly in a ceremony: Mass. Consider the following passages of Mass in Latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grátia Dómini nostri &lt;strong&gt;Iesu Christi&lt;/strong&gt;, et cáritas Dei, et communicátio Sancti Spíritus sit cum ómnibus vobis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...exspectántes beátam spem et advéntum Salvatóris nostri &lt;strong&gt;Iesu Christi&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dómine &lt;strong&gt;Iesu Christe&lt;/strong&gt;, qui dixísti Apóstolis tuis...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the simplified version of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rosarychurch.net/spanish/latin_y_espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Roman Missal of St. Pius V&lt;/a&gt; in 1570 I count 3 mentions of &lt;em&gt;Iesu&lt;/em&gt; and none of &lt;em&gt;Iesus&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Iesum&lt;/em&gt;. In a full version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collationes.org/de-ministerium-sacerdotale/subsidia-liturgica/item/678-folleto-para-seguir-la-celebraci%C3%B3n-de-la-santa-misa-en-lat%C3%ADn-con-traducci%C3%B3n-a-varios-idiomas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;modern Latin Mass&lt;/a&gt; I count 10 mentions of &lt;em&gt;Iesu&lt;/em&gt;, 5 &lt;em&gt;Iesum&lt;/em&gt; and none of &lt;em&gt;Iesus&lt;/em&gt;. (It's an approach, the text changes daily).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consequently, we can say that there is not really a loss of -s sound &lt;em&gt;in the Spanish word &amp;quot;Jesús&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. What we have is a Latin cultism that led to the synthesis of two words in one. &lt;strong&gt;Iesu Christi&lt;/strong&gt; became &lt;strong&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until the eighteenth century remains the original orthographic form with two words separated by a space, by example this Spanish book titles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=pln5QQrAr9IC&amp;amp;dq=politica%20real%20y%20sagrada&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP11#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Politica real y sagrada discurrida por vida de &lt;strong&gt;Iesu Christo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Juan Vela, 1675)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=D6Cduor1hG8C&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vida de &lt;strong&gt;Jesu Christo&lt;/strong&gt;, nuestro señor, hombre, maestro y redentor&lt;/a&gt; (Fernando de Valverde, 1687)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the late eighteenth century there is evidence that the words are coming together in one compound word. A hyphen shows the first step of this join:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=qeLAS8kIhmEC&amp;amp;lpg=PA198&amp;amp;ots=wh2sB7ukiq&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sermones de los Mysterios de N. Señor &lt;strong&gt;Iesu-Christo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Louis Bourdaloue, traducción de Miguel del Castillo, 1778)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=PBeB8RbPdqcC&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PR5#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Infancia de &lt;strong&gt;Jesu-Christo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Gaspar Fernández Ávila, 1791)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1790, an edition of a book prefers to use the hyphen, and 27 years later, the new edition of 1817 already uses the modern form (and has even lost the H):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=9EfhC4HJu5UC&amp;amp;lpg=PA446&amp;amp;ots=sBRLCA-XF9&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Conocimiento de &lt;strong&gt;Jesu-Christo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (trad. Francisco Antonio Alemán, 1790)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=WEKpk7WWC1kC&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP9#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Conocimiento de &lt;strong&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (trad. Francisco Antonio Alemán, 1817)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we could say that the current Spanish form &lt;em&gt;Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt; is used since circa 1800. A good evidence of this transition is found in this book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=2Dkobdcg2QEC&amp;amp;lpg=PA383&amp;amp;ots=S2Sy_sspYC&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP7#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tratado de la Iglesia de Jesuchristo&lt;/a&gt; (Felix de Amat, 1802)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in which among the hundreds of references to Jesuchristo, appear hidden 3 times &lt;em&gt;Jesu-Christo&lt;/em&gt; with an hyphen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-07-28T21:00:32.260" LastActivityDate="2020-07-28T21:00:32.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13480" CreationDate="2015-08-09T21:08:26.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, your examples are not grammatically identical. Questions and non-question sentences will have a diferent order because that's how it works in every language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, you're being confused by the gender AND the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish it is possible to omit the subject of the sentences just as you point out in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo compra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is correct and it doesn't matter if He/She (in this case it coud also be You). The subject is missing and we don't know who's buying it. These are &quot;Oraciones unimembres&quot; (one-member sentences).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other examples, you use questions that also have indirect object built in them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no se lo dijo &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt;? - Why didn’t you tell it &lt;strong&gt;to him&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read carefully you will notice that it's an indirect object (just as in english) and the question sentence does not have a subject. Who didn't tell? In the spanish clause it's not given and it doesn't matter or you have to get it from context. In the english version you assumed that it was &quot;you&quot; who didn't but it's not a really accurate translation. The &quot;a él&quot; in the question is working as indirect object because the action was done &quot;to him&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T21:08:26.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13485" CreationDate="2015-08-10T12:16:50.073" Score="1" ViewCount="12140" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estuvo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both mean &lt;code&gt;was&lt;/code&gt; (past).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know in the present, Spanish makes a difference between &lt;code&gt;ser = to be&lt;/code&gt; (permanent) and &lt;code&gt;estar = to be&lt;/code&gt; (temporary). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; comes from &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;estuvo&lt;/code&gt; comes from &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estuvo&lt;/code&gt; referring to something that happened in a specific moment of the past.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to refer to something that happened regularly in the past, you would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;era&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;estaba&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite knowing this, I don't fully understand the difference between &lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estuvo&lt;/code&gt;? When would you use one and not the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T18:36:38.100" Title="What's the difference between fue and estuvo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13484" CreationDate="2015-08-10T13:49:34.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to refer to something that happened regularly in the past, you would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; for ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estaba&lt;/strong&gt; for estar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, I don't think that you would use one over the other in order &lt;em&gt;to refer to something that happened regularly in the past&lt;/em&gt;. You use one over the other regarding the nature of the event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you say &amp;quot;estar enfadado&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;ser enfadado&amp;quot;. Thus, to describe that someone was &amp;quot;regularly upset in the past&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi abuelo &lt;strong&gt;estaba&lt;/strong&gt; siempre enfadado. Mi abuelo estaba siempre fumando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hotel estaba siempre lleno en verano, porque era cuando todo el mundo tenía vacaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the contrary, you say that someone &amp;quot;es amable&amp;quot; not &amp;quot;está amable&amp;quot;, so to convey that someone &amp;quot;was regularly kind (when you saw him/her)&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi abuelo &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; siempre muy amable cada vez que íbamos a visitarle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cristina era elegida &amp;quot;reina del baile&amp;quot; todos los veranos (You say someone &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; rey/reina del baile, not that someone &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt; reina del baile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think that you had a great idea considering that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; comes from &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estuvo&lt;/strong&gt; comes from &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That could be a good rule of thumb to tell between using one or the other. If you were going to say the same thing but using a present simple tense, would you use &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;? Then pick &lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt;. Would you use &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;? the pick &lt;code&gt;estaba&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:05:32.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13487" CreationDate="2015-08-10T17:21:34.203" Score="4" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary lists three possible translations for &quot;binoculars&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8v324.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8v324.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gemelos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;binoculares&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prismáticos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate prefers &lt;em&gt;binoculares&lt;/em&gt;, but also offers &lt;em&gt;prismáticos&lt;/em&gt; as an alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the most universally preferred translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T12:52:51.343" Title="Best translation of &quot;binoculars&quot;: gemelos, binoculares, or prismáticos" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13486" CreationDate="2015-08-10T19:30:23.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My two cents: I favor &lt;code&gt;prismáticos&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Castillian&lt;/em&gt; Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me &lt;code&gt;gemelos&lt;/code&gt;, although can be used in this context is a word that makes me think of other things, like &lt;em&gt;cufflinks&lt;/em&gt; (or twins). Also, I think that &lt;code&gt;gemelos&lt;/code&gt; are a smaller set of binoculars (the ones you would see rich people have at their balconies at the opera house in the movies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Binoculares&lt;/code&gt; is perfectly fine, but would be my second choice after &lt;code&gt;prismáticos&lt;/code&gt;. I don't have a rationale for this, and may change among countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question I used google trends for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/trends/explore#q=binoculares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;binoculares&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/trends/explore#q=prismaticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;prismáticos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the latter seems to be used almost exclusively in Spain (plus Argentina, Chile and Mexico), so &lt;strong&gt;I guess &lt;code&gt;binoculares&lt;/code&gt; is more widely accepted&lt;/strong&gt;, if we are to listen to Google trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would compare it too with &quot;gemelos&quot;, but as you know that is also Spanish for &quot;twins&quot;, &quot;cufflinks&quot; and some muscles in your legs (calves), so Google trends would not help here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T19:30:23.320" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13486" CreationDate="2015-08-10T19:33:33.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Binoculares&quot; is the most universally preferred translation. In other countries, it's also known as &quot;Largavistas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9569" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T19:33:33.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13486" CreationDate="2015-08-10T21:12:13.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Binoculares&lt;/code&gt; is used pretty widely, I've read &lt;code&gt;prismáticos&lt;/code&gt; in literature from Spain and Argentina, but binoculares is probably more widely understood. As for &lt;code&gt;gemelos&lt;/code&gt;, I've never encountered it in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9570" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T12:52:51.343" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T12:52:51.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13491" CreationDate="2015-08-11T03:44:11.337" Score="2" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this sentence from a book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy tenemos mucho estrés; es mejor tener calma que &lt;em&gt;desesperar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't it &lt;em&gt;desesperar&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? I think it should be -nos because I have also seen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No debemos &lt;em&gt;desesperar&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a subtle difference between [inf.] in &quot;deber de [inf.]&quot; and &quot;es mejor [inf.] que [inf.]&quot; that I do not know about, or is the book just wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8837" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T04:12:37.737" Title="Infinitive of an -se verb" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13490" CreationDate="2015-08-11T04:12:37.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es mejor tener calma que preocuparse&quot; is a general statement. The subject, preocuparse, is impersonal (not referring to any surviving person) and if we used &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; instead, we'd be specifying someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there's nothing wrong doing that. You can absolutely say &lt;em&gt;es mejor tener calma que preocuparnos&lt;/em&gt;, but there you have a personal infinitive with a matching reflexive pronoun. Note that this structure may sound agrammatical to some Spanish speakers, but it is accepted. The most common –and universal— way to specify a subject is to use a subordinate clause: &lt;em&gt;es mejor que tengamos calma que que nos preocupemos&lt;/em&gt; (the double &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is not a typo — one is for the comparison, the other is the relative pronoun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare that to &lt;em&gt;no debemos preocuparnos&lt;/em&gt;. The infinitive there necessarily refers to us, it cannot be impersonal, and therefore must use &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;. Consider too the proclitic form: &lt;em&gt;no nos debemos preocupar&lt;/em&gt;, clearly, using &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; there doesn't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T04:12:37.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2015-08-11T14:42:26.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Costa Rica, and there we call it 4 things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plátano -  does not taste good raw, must be cooked&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banano - Long thinner - Fruity eat it raw&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana - little FAT ones - fruity eat them raw&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them fall into the guineos category, thus we can call them &lt;em&gt;guineos&lt;/em&gt; as well, and ALL of them can be fried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T16:03:12.160" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T16:03:12.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13494" CreationDate="2015-08-11T22:31:23.560" Score="4" ViewCount="1117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this on a programming website:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo lo demás se ejecuta en las dos partes, cliente y servidor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't it be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los demás se ejecuta en las dos partes, cliente y servidor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T08:01:21.887" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T08:01:21.887" Title="&quot;Todo lo demás&quot; o &quot;Todos los demás&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13493" CreationDate="2015-08-11T22:53:50.670" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;todo =/= todos, for your given context since &quot;ejecuta&quot; is singular, using todo makes more sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One is not the plural of the other.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Todo lo demás se ejecuta en las dos partes, cliente y servidor.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Everything&lt;/strong&gt; else is executed in both parts, client and server&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Todos los demás se ejecuta en las dos partes, cliente y servidor.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Everyone&lt;/strong&gt; else is executed in both parts, client and server&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in your case you should use &lt;strong&gt;todo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="7125" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T23:02:18.557" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T23:02:18.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13493" CreationDate="2015-08-11T22:59:57.967" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todo lo demás&lt;/em&gt; refers to an (often abstract) uncountable &quot;rest of&quot;. You'd use this if you're talking about something like, say, work, that doesn't normally go in plural in this context, out of you're talking about portions of some single whole (like a single operation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos los demás&lt;/em&gt; (which would need a plural verb &lt;em&gt;se ejecutan&lt;/em&gt;) refers to some concrete countable &quot;rest of&quot;. So if we're talking about threads, individual processes, operations, you'd use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quick way to check what you'd say in English with &quot;the rest of ____&quot;. If it's single, you'll use singular in Spanish; likewise, plural in English, plural in Spanish.  (There are a handful of terms that have different degrees of countability for which this wouldn't work, but they are a negligible amount).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T22:59:57.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-12T01:21:36.007" Score="3" ViewCount="1049" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber qué significa la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pedo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, utilizada por Bersuit Vergarabat en la canción &quot;Espíritu de Esta Selva&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un PEDO salvador, nacido en Latinoamerica,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don Leopardo corazón, espiritu en esta selva...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9576" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T09:02:13.880" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:06:35.773" Title="Tengo un PEDO salvador" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13498" CreationDate="2015-08-12T01:49:51.780" Score="5" ViewCount="14317" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay diferencia entre esas expresiones?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Según el diccionario, ambas quieren decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;hurry up!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y son principalmente mexicanas, pero ¿puede la primera significar otras cosas? ¿O no? Estoy un poco confundido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se pone el objeto indirecto 'le' especialmente en en la cosa menos formal, ándale?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9316" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T00:27:40.783" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T00:47:52.203" Title="Uso de ándale y ándele" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13497" CreationDate="2015-08-12T02:15:23.643" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ándale&lt;/code&gt; se le puede decir a una persona con la que tienes confianza, mientras que &lt;code&gt;Ándele&lt;/code&gt;, hacia una persona con la que aún no tienes mucha confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digamos que la segunda va en un tono más formal, pero utilizar la expresión mexicana &lt;strong&gt;ándale&lt;/strong&gt;, en ninguno de los casos me parece algo formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de estos casos podría ser: escríbeme/escríbame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9569" LastEditorUserId="9569" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T02:21:44.873" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T02:21:44.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13579" CreationDate="2015-08-12T12:24:02.303" Score="5" ViewCount="2533" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It states that in Spanish, &lt;code&gt;&quot;Had&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;&quot;había&quot;&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lo había comprado. / I had bought it.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using &lt;code&gt;&quot;if&quot;&lt;/code&gt;,  &lt;code&gt;&quot;Had&quot;&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;&quot;hubiera&quot;&lt;/code&gt; as this expresses an element of doubt in the word &lt;code&gt;&quot;had&quot;&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si lo hubiera sabido, lo habría hecho./ If I had known it, I would have done it.&#xA;&#xA;si hubiera estado allí anoche / if I had been there last night&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later on, it gives this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si tuviera el tiempo lo haría. / If I had the time, I would do it.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused: Why is there no &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt; in this last example? I assume &lt;code&gt;tener (have)&lt;/code&gt; has been modified into &lt;code&gt;tuviera&lt;/code&gt; to express doubt, but why isn't &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt; used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T21:47:41.413" Title="How do you use &quot;si&quot; and &quot;hubiera&quot; (&quot;If&quot; and &quot;had&quot;)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-08-12T13:28:17.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;had&lt;/strong&gt; becomes &lt;strong&gt;hubiera/hubiese/tuviera/tuviese&lt;/strong&gt; when dealing with conditional sentences.&#xA;In this case, to form the Third Conditional, we use &lt;em&gt;if + past perfect&lt;/em&gt; where the past perfect is not translated as &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; for the word &lt;em&gt;had&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;hubiera/hubiese/tuviera/tuviese.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that &lt;em&gt;have = haber/tener&lt;/em&gt;. The examples uses &lt;em&gt;tuviera&lt;/em&gt; because there's first person talking there. — &lt;em&gt;Si (yo) tuviera&lt;/em&gt; (...) —&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we say — &lt;em&gt;Si hubiera el tiempo, lo haría —&lt;/em&gt;, it makes sense but it's not 100% for clear what we're talking about. That expression is used but not often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same if we put — &lt;em&gt;Si yo hubiera el tiempo, lo haría&lt;/em&gt; —, it's wrong because its lack of coherence, hence we put &lt;em&gt;had = tuviera&lt;/em&gt; to make it clear. — &lt;em&gt;Si yo tuviera el tiempo, lo haría.&lt;/em&gt; —&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T13:28:17.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13496" CreationDate="2015-08-12T14:33:56.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several different meanings for &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=pedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, among them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ventosidad (fart/toot)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;borrachera (drunkenness) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fiesta (gathering for fun) This one seems to be used almost exclusively in El Salvador and Mexico, according to the RAE's entry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=33648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the lyrics of this song&lt;/a&gt; are a little bit weird and nonsense, there is no possible way of telling for sure which meaning the author intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't get me wrong. There are fabulous artist who have written poetry or lyrics in this same fashion. First that comes to my mind could be Federico García Lorca with writings such as &lt;em&gt;Poeta en Nueva York&lt;/em&gt;. Context is useless to establish any sense in these words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This said, if I have to say that &lt;em&gt;borrachera&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fiesta&lt;/em&gt; provide a much better poetic meaning than &lt;em&gt;ventosidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T18:28:22.047" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T18:28:22.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-08-12T16:58:13.453" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need &quot;hubiera&quot; because you don't need an auxiliary verb. To have time--in Spanish--idiomatically uses &quot;tener&quot; because in a way you do &lt;em&gt;possess&lt;/em&gt; time. So what you do is put tener in the imperfect subjunctive, just as you put haber in the imperfect subjunctive in the other sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9316" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T16:58:13.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14" CreationDate="2015-08-12T20:58:56.617" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH -Spanish follows&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the RAE on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Porqué / porque / por qué / por que&lt;/a&gt; for a deep explanation of this. There are several combinations (&lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; as one or two words and then &lt;em&gt;que/qué&lt;/em&gt; with or without the accent)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- You use &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; as two words and with the accents for &lt;strong&gt;questions&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué es eso así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto por qué Jorge está tan enfadado&lt;sub&gt;(talking to oneself)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in exclamation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Por qué sitios más bonitos hemos pasado de camino aquí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; in a question is a misspelling. You need the accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- You use &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;, as a single word and without the accent &lt;strong&gt;to explain something&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué llora el bebé?&#xA;Llora &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; tiene tiene hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- &lt;em&gt;Porqué&lt;/em&gt;, is a noun. We could actually understand is as a &lt;em&gt;pronoun&lt;/em&gt; which stands for &amp;quot;the reason or the rationale behind this or that&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No comprendo el porqué de ese razonamiento. No comprendo el porqué (la razón) de eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- &lt;em&gt;Por que&lt;/em&gt; (two words, no accent) is the use of the preposition &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and the relative pronoun &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, which is quite complex (not only for this specific use, but for many others). Basically that &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is introducing a second sentence, subordinate to the firs one. Along with the use of the preposition &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; the second sentence is explaining the &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; or the first sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la razón por que llora el bebé = Esa es la razón por &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; que llora el bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a note apart, see that you could use this construction with other prepositions, like &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le he dado un biberón al bebé &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; coma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; here also helps introducing the subordinate sentence that explains the first sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, please, check the link I gave you. It is really good. If you have problems understating that in Spanish tell us and we can help with some translations of those rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESPAÑOL&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprueba en la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Porqué / porque / por qué / por que&lt;/a&gt; para una explicación más extensa. Hay varias combinaciones (&lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; una o dos palabras y también &lt;em&gt;que/qué&lt;/em&gt; con o sin acento)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Se utiliza &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; formado por dos palabras y tilde para &lt;strong&gt;preguntas&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué es eso así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto por qué Jorge está tan enfadado&lt;sub&gt;(hablando hacia uno mismo)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en exclamaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Por qué sitios más bonitos hemos pasado de camino aquí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilizar &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; en una pregunta es un error ortográfico. Es necesario poner la tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Se utiliza &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; con una única palabra y sin tilde &lt;strong&gt;para explicar algo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué llora el bebé?&#xA;Llora &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; tiene tiene hambre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- &lt;em&gt;Porqué&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo. Podríamos entenderlo como un &lt;em&gt;pronombre&lt;/em&gt; que significa &amp;quot;la razón o la razón que hay detrás de esto o aquello&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No comprendo el porqué de ese razonamiento. No comprendo el porqué (la razón) de eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- &lt;em&gt;Por que&lt;/em&gt; (dos palabras, sin acento) es el uso de la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; y el pronombre relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, que es bastante complejo (no solo para este uso específico, tiene muchos otros). Básicamente &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; introduce una segunda frase subordinada de la primera.  A través del uso de la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; la segunda frase explica el porqué de la primera frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la razón por que llora el bebé = Esa es la razón por &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; que llora el bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota aparte, también podemos utilizar esta construcción con otras preposiciones como &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le he dado un biberón al bebé &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; coma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; aquí también ayuda a introducir una subordinada que explica la primera frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, por favor, comprueba el enlace que te he dejado. Es realmente bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T09:51:59.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-12T21:17:57.053" Score="3" ViewCount="725" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the Spanish word &quot;Varones&quot; only refer to men or can it include women in its definition as well? From my understanding it only means males/men. But I want to make sure about this. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9577" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T07:34:55.650" Title="Does &quot;Varones&quot; only refer to men?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13504" CreationDate="2015-08-12T21:31:11.803" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is correct. &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; refers exclusively to males when used to refer to humans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T21:31:11.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13504" CreationDate="2015-08-13T07:22:06.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; is, indeed, a male human. Currently, this word is only used to emphasize the sex of the person we are talking about, so it would translate to &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt; in English on most situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;, on the contrary, can be used for a male human or in a generic sense, much as the word &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; is used in English, for the human species or unspecified people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre habita la Tierra desde hace un millón de años (&lt;em&gt;generic; it includes men and women&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre es el más longevo de los mamíferos (&lt;em&gt;generic; it refers to the species, regardless of sex&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deseo la paz entre todos los hombres (&lt;em&gt;generic, once again&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T07:34:55.650" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13511" CreationDate="2015-08-13T21:04:19.873" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De todas formas, es importante apuntar que el objeto de Session no es&#xA;  compartido entre distintos usuarios, ni siquiera entre distintas&#xA;  pestañas del navegador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... and, in my mind, I'm translating it to myself thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In any case, it's important to note that the purpose of Session is not&#xA;  to differentiate between users, not even between different &quot;pestañas&quot;&#xA;  of the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;pestañas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? What's that, I say to myself. I feed it to google translate, and get, &quot;eyelashes.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was zum Teufel ist hier los?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could it be &quot;instance&quot;? I guess that kind of makes sense - after all, you blink your eyelash[es] in an instant...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-14T18:46:31.740" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T18:46:31.740" Title="Do Browsers have eyelashes?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13510" CreationDate="2015-08-13T21:42:28.303" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pestaña&quot; in this context refers to the &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tabs&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; of the Internet browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing to do with the eyes, but with Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see more info in Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesta%C3%B1a_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot;&gt;Pestaña (informática)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T21:42:28.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13496" CreationDate="2015-08-13T23:58:52.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's fine the using of this word as fart, drunkenness, etc. But also  it's using as a slang word for a &lt;em&gt;serious trouble&lt;/em&gt; or in a sense of &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;coolness&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; expresion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of using the PEDO word are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un PEDO en mi trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;I have a serious problem at work.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el PEDO me cayó a mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;All the troubles felt down on me.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi compañero de cuarto es muy buen PEDO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;My roomie is so cool.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and there you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9588" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T23:58:52.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13510" CreationDate="2015-08-14T01:24:44.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complement &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/13511/5481&quot;&gt;fedorqui´s answer (&lt;em&gt;pestañas are tabs&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;pestañas&lt;/em&gt; could not be translated as &lt;strong&gt;instances&lt;/strong&gt; as you propose in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the operating system, I could have more that one instance of the same browser active at any time. I don't think that Mac/OS X allows this, but in Windows for example you could have more than one window running Firefox or Chrome. Each one of these windows would be an instance and each one could have its own tabs. Bottom line, &lt;code&gt;instance&lt;/code&gt; has a complete different meaning as what is intended by &lt;em&gt;tab/pestaña&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T01:24:44.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2015-08-14T06:56:29.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;buenos días&quot; is said during daylight and &quot;buenas noches&quot; is said after dusk. In this case, apart from wishing a &quot;good whole day&quot;, it refers to the fact that it's day and not night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2385" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T06:56:29.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13510" CreationDate="2015-08-14T16:03:39.257" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El nombre de &lt;em&gt;pestañas&lt;/em&gt; en los interfaces gráficos de usuario (y, por tanto, del navegador) viene de la similitud en aspecto y funcion con las pestañas que permiten seleccionar y abrir las carpetas en los archivadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.es/Leitz-19863035-Alpha-Carpetas-colgantes/dp/B000KJRCMA&quot;&gt;Carpetas colgantes con pestaña lateral&lt;/a&gt; (de la tienda Amazon, este enlace puede quedar obsoleto pronto, pero sin duda se puede buscar en google &quot;Carpetas con pestaña&quot; obteniendo un resultado análogo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este nombre viene de la acepción número 4 de la siguiente definición en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae/&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pestaña. (De or. inc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Cada uno de los pelos que hay en los bordes de los párpados, para defensa de los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Adorno estrecho que se pone al canto de las telas o vestidos, de fleco, encaje o cosa semejante, que sobresale algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Orilla o extremidad del lienzo, que dejan las costureras para que no se vayan los hilos en la costura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Parte saliente y estrecha en el borde de alguna cosa; como en la llanta de una rueda de locomotora, en la orilla de un papel o una&#xA;  plancha de metal, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. pl. Bot. Pelos rígidos que están colocados en el borde de una superficie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, en el caso de una traducción de textos técnicos, recomiendo huir de &lt;em&gt;innovaciones&lt;/em&gt; por originales y creativas que puedan ser y atenerse estrictamente a los términos usados comunmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2015-08-14T16:08:55.310" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T16:08:55.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13532" CreationDate="2015-08-14T17:01:59.347" Score="13" ViewCount="4169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy un estudiante de español en los Estados Unidos de America. En mi clase, mi maestra enseñó que los españoles usan la palabra &amp;quot;vosotros&amp;quot; para situaciones informales, pero los latinoamericanos solamente usan &amp;quot;ustedes&amp;quot;. ¿Por qué los españoles pero no los latinoamericanos usan la palabra &amp;quot;vosotros&amp;quot;? ¿Cuál es la razón histórica de esta diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota muy importante&lt;/strong&gt;: Mi lengua nativa es el inglés (y la lengua de mis padres, pero sé poco). Yo escribo mi pregunta en español para practicar español. Yo prefiero una respuesta en inglés porque yo solamente completo un año de español. Pero aceptaré con gusto la respuesta en español si usa palabras sencillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9594" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T09:42:26.887" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T09:42:26.887" Title="¿Por qué los españoles usan la palabra &quot;vosotros&quot; pero los latinoamericanos no?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13516" CreationDate="2015-08-14T18:12:54.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is the historical form, from Latin &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; 'you (plural)'. Note the composition &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;otros&lt;/em&gt;, analogous to &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;otros&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;. Also note that in other peninsular languages it is like this: Catalan &lt;em&gt;nosaltres&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;altres&lt;/em&gt; being just the Catalonian form = &lt;em&gt;otros&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;nosaltres&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T18:12:54.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13519" CreationDate="2015-08-14T20:32:19.023" Score="2" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las funciones de retorno de los métodos Meteor siempre tienen dos&#xA;  argumentos, error y result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;funciones de retorno&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; best translated as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;return functions&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&quot;callback functions&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-14T21:23:25.560" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T20:10:46.783" Title="Is &quot;funciones de retorno&quot; best translated as &quot;return functions&quot; or &quot;callback functions&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13518" CreationDate="2015-08-14T22:25:59.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If related to computer programming &quot;callback functions&quot; works best in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9600" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T22:25:59.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13522" CreationDate="2015-08-14T23:04:03.547" Score="2" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si todo va bien, el array debe estar vacío y su longitud debe ser 0.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which is translated as this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;If all goes well, the array must be empty and its length must be 0.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since parallels of latitude are horizontal, and meridians of longitude are vertical, it seems to that &quot;length&quot; corresponds more to latitude than longitude, at least in this sense. e.g., the string (group of characters) &quot;platypus&quot; has a length of eight, and stretches horizontally, from &quot;p&quot; to &quot;s&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there some historical or etymological reason why a vertical dimension (longitude) is a word for something which seems logically to be horizontal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific with the sentence given, I envision an array as being laid out like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p, l, a, t, y, p, u, s&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...not like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;p&#xA;l&#xA;a&#xA;t&#xA;y&#xA;p&#xA;u&#xA;s&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right to be confused, or viewing this askew?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2015-08-16T03:27:42.280" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T04:37:55.073" Title="Am I the only who thinks &quot;longitud&quot; is a weird word for &quot;length&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-15T00:15:21.710" Score="0" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;For expressing an intention for the future (I am going to...) of course we use the construction: ir (conjugated) + a + infinitive.&#xA;I have seen and used the present and imperfect tenses for this purpose--&#xA;Voy a comprar...&#xA;Ibas a comprar... etc.&#xA;Today a teacher told me that one could also use the simple future of ir in the &quot;ir a&quot; construction, eg.  iré a comprar...  This seemed completely weird to me and redundant; I asked her: Why wouldn't I just say Compraré...?&#xA;So my question is: Which tenses of &quot;ír&quot; are permissible in the &quot;ir + a + infinitive&quot; construction?  Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9595" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T05:47:08.213" Title="Which tenses of &quot;ír&quot; are permissible in the &quot;ir a infinitive&quot; construction?" Tags="&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13520" CreationDate="2015-08-15T02:44:08.820" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Longitude&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;latitude&lt;/em&gt; come both from Latin, respectively &lt;em&gt;longus&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;long&quot;, and &lt;em&gt;latus&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;wide&quot;. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/longitude&quot;&gt;Oxford UK and International English Online Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; says that &lt;em&gt;longitude&lt;/em&gt; comes from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Late Middle English (also denoting length and tallness).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, sometime in history, it had the same meaning as in Spanish. As can be seen, length can also mean a vertical measure, such as tallness or height.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T02:44:08.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13521" CreationDate="2015-08-15T05:47:08.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;em&gt;ir a [inf]&lt;/em&gt; construction in any tense (iba/fui/iré a nadar), mood (que vaya/fuera/fuese/fuere a nadar) or even aspect (ha ido / está yendo a nadar), although some are certainly vastly more common than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While using it in the indicative future might seem redundant, it can express an ordering of future events, effectively like the difference between simple preterite and pluperfect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, just because you have &lt;em&gt;ir a [inf]&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean you're indicating an future action. Especially in some forms (future, preterite) and always for others (imperative/exhortative subjunctive), it's not the periphrastic future construction, but rather plain &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; with a prepositional phrase indicating purpose or intent (notice how &lt;em&gt;Vete/andate/idos/váya(n)se &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; nadar&lt;/em&gt; works). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T05:47:08.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13520" CreationDate="2015-08-15T06:14:55.050" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] why a vertical dimension (longitude) is a word for something&#xA;  which seems logically to be horizontal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But longitude &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; a horizontal dimension. Its meridians are drawn vertically, but the dimension they measure is horizontal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, the «longitud» of an array does not refer to its eastwards or westwards deviation from an origin, but to whether the array is «largo» or «corto». And the quality of «largo» is not &lt;em&gt;*larguitud&lt;/em&gt;, we resort to a different latin root (from «largus» to «longus»). We could use «largueza» but we don't. Why? Because of things, as often happens with languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: «longitud» means both longitude and length, and we are using it in the length sense, as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-08-15T06:19:59.557" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T06:19:59.557" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19122" CreationDate="2015-08-15T12:28:31.073" Score="4" ViewCount="47338" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si se puede decir &lt;code&gt;&quot;hacer una siesta&quot;&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;&quot;echar una siesta&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, en el castellano de España, asumo que &quot;echar una siesta&quot; es lo correcto por algo tan poco científico como que es lo que suena bien y el resto no tanto. Incluso el verbo lo indica en una de sus acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=NC56LCsY9DXX23RefXXq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;echar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;25&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Junto con algunos nombres, tiene la significación de los verbos que se forman de ellos o la de otros equivalentes. Echar&#xA;  maldiciones, maldecir; echar suertes, sortear; echar un cigarro,&#xA;  fumarlo; echar un sueño, dormir; echar la siesta, sestear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, leyendo el debate en Wordreference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/hacer-tomar-dormir-echar-se-la-siesta.1194862/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer / tomar / dormir / echar(se) la siesta&lt;/a&gt; veo que alguien menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Argentina, más que nada en el campo, algunas personas dicen:&#xA;  &quot;Fulano se hizo una siesta de dos horas&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que me surge la duda: ¿en qué lugares se usa &quot;echar&quot; y en cuáles &quot;hacer&quot;? ¿Es una expresión &quot;idiomática&quot; u obedece a alguna otra razón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2021-02-03T23:02:36.130" Title="¿&quot;Echar una siesta&quot; o &quot;hacer una siesta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2015-08-15T13:09:24.947" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, &quot;hacer una siesta&quot; es la expresión mas común que existe en Cataluña para referirse a &quot;echar la siesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no me equivoco, corresponde a un vínculo idiomático fuerte, ya que en catalán muchas de las expresiones que tenemos en castellano las construyen con el verbo &quot;hacer&quot;. Por ello, castellanizan la construcción catalana, habiéndose convertido en expresiones de uso común en el castellano de Cataluña. Por ejemplo, en vez de decir &quot;dar un beso&quot; dicen &quot;hacer besos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que sé, Cataluña es de los sitios de la península ibérica que más utilizan &quot;hacer&quot; en vez de &quot;echar&quot;, cosa que en el resto de la península no ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las variaciones en Hispanoamérica, si no me equivoco, Argentina y sus países vecinos lo construyen de la misma manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9598" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T13:56:24.147" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T13:56:24.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2015-08-15T14:47:15.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente haya variaciones importantes incluso dentro de cada país, así que no puedo hablar por toda Argentina. En Buenos Aires uno diría &quot;dormir la siesta&quot;. &#xA;&quot;Echarse una siesta&quot; también es posible, pero suena muy informal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Hacer una siesta&quot; no lo escuché nunca. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9553" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-08-15T17:06:06.230" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T17:06:06.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2015-08-15T16:10:48.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some parts of Lima and provinces in Peru, I have heard people say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos se me ha templado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he templado de María&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9605" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T13:32:17.673" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T13:32:17.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13530" CreationDate="2015-08-15T19:34:00.083" Score="7" ViewCount="7596" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya sé que esta pregunta es un poco general, así que voy a tratar de especificar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digamos que un pariente de un amigo murió. ¿Cuáles son algunas palabras/frases que yo podría usar? ¿O que escribiría en una carta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo pensar en algunos ejemplos en inglés, pero me cuesta traducirlos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sorry for your loss&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sympathy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Condolences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:52:36.113" Title="¿Cómo expresar &quot;sympathy&quot; o &quot;condolence&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13529" CreationDate="2015-08-15T19:44:41.127" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión más frecuente es &lt;code&gt;dar el pésame&lt;/code&gt;, para expresar esta acción de comunicarle a alguien que lamentas el fallecimiento de su pariente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me acerqué a Luis en el funeral para &lt;strong&gt;darle el pésame&lt;/strong&gt; por la muerte de su abuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luis, mi más sentido &lt;strong&gt;pésame&lt;/strong&gt; por la muerte de tu abuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se suele decir &lt;code&gt;te acompaño en el sentimiento&lt;/code&gt; o incluso &lt;code&gt;mis condolencias&lt;/code&gt;. Resumiendo, podrías usar o escribir en una carta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi más sentido &lt;strong&gt;pésame&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te acompaño en el sentimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis &lt;strong&gt;condolencias&lt;/strong&gt; por [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar también una traducción casi directa de los que propones en la pregunta (mis condolencias / Lamento tu pérdida) pero no usamos &lt;code&gt;sympathy&lt;/code&gt; (compasión, afinidad, solidaridad, simpatía) en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:51:50.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13518" CreationDate="2015-08-15T20:10:46.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un proyecto en github para traducir el libro &lt;em&gt;Discover Meteor&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DiscoverMeteor/DiscoverMeteor_Es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Discover Meteor ES&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Los colaboradores de este proyecto parecen haber optado por usar &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DiscoverMeteor/DiscoverMeteor_Es/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;amp;q=retorno&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;`función de retorno'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hemos colocado nuestra llamada de enrutamiento &lt;code&gt;Router.go()&lt;/code&gt; dentro de la &lt;strong&gt;función de retorno&lt;/strong&gt; de la llamada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las funciones de retorno de los métodos Meteor siempre tienen dos argumentos, &lt;code&gt;error&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que ese es el ejemplo que encontraste para la pregunta. &amp;quot;A callback function&amp;quot; debe traducirse como &lt;em&gt;función de retorno&lt;/em&gt;. Estos objetos son una función, que usamos como parámetro en la llamada otra función, con el sentido de &amp;quot;cuando se ejecute la primera función va a llamar a esta otra (la &lt;em&gt;callback function&lt;/em&gt;) que indico en este parámetro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;return functions&amp;quot;, aunque no se usa en programación (en todo caso se diría &lt;em&gt;function return&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a aquello que va  devolver una función) indicaría algo diferente. &amp;quot;return&amp;quot; es algo que devuelve la función, mientras que &amp;quot;callback&amp;quot; expresa &amp;quot;invocado al ejecutarse la función&amp;quot;. Esa &lt;em&gt;callback function&lt;/em&gt; podría hacer algo, sin necesariamente devolver un valor útil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-15T20:10:46.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13516" CreationDate="2015-08-16T00:06:09.623" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very interesting question @Cicero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to remark that the gradual extinction of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; started in western Spain, more specifically in cities like Cádiz, Huelva and Seville, all of them close to the western coast which has been an extremely important marketing route for centuries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, the Latin American Spanish is heavily influenced by these language variations (and many other variations like a similar pronunciation of the the letters &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might still ask yourself: &lt;strong&gt;Why &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is almost totally extinct in most of the Latin American countries?&lt;/strong&gt; You might believe that it is used occasionally, in some situations but I can tell you for sure that, at least in México (25 years living here) that I have only heard latinos use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; like 3 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;probably&lt;/strong&gt; because of the cultural differences of each country, specially these key differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Latin American culture is highly hierarchical&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can notice this on business settings, when talking to a group of people with a perceived higher rank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias a todos &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt; por asistir a esta junta. - &lt;em&gt;Many thanks to &lt;strong&gt;you all&lt;/strong&gt; for assisting to the meeting.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latinos way of speaking is very indirect, formal and non-confrontational&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can notice this on situations like accidentally bumping your shoulder with another pedestrian on a crowded street:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ohh perdone &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;, no lo ví! - &lt;em&gt;Ohh sorry [&lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;]. I didn't see you!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or when challenging a point of view:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me estás diciendo que estoy equivocado? [La contraparte responde] No para nada! Solo busco lo mejor para todos &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;. - &lt;em&gt;Are you telling me that I'm wrong? [The counterpart answers] No way! I just expect the best for &lt;strong&gt;you all&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ustedes&lt;/em&gt; in turn is an abbreviation of &quot;vuestra merced&quot; which means &quot;your mercy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vosotros&lt;/em&gt; comes from &quot;vos&quot; + &quot;otros&quot;, almost literally &quot;you all, the others&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read the full story at the article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lllf.uam.es/coser/publicaciones/victor/1_es.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;EL USO DE USTEDES POR VOSOTROS&#xA;EN ANDALUCÍA OCCIDENTAL&lt;/a&gt; from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, it is quite a long essay but it explains this phenomenon very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9604" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T00:06:09.623" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13231" CreationDate="2015-08-16T05:36:24.977" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término más preciso para los gritos de guerra de los  indígenas norteamericanos a los que te refieres / acción de producirlos sería en todo caso: &lt;b&gt;&quot;japapeo&quot; / &quot;japapear&quot;&lt;/b&gt;. Enlazo algunos ejemplos de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;[...] cuya imagen fantasmagórica aún resonaba con sus &lt;b&gt;japapeos&lt;/b&gt;(grito de guerra india) en el imaginario criollo/mestizo [...]&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rebelion.org/hemeroteca/cultura/mamani250802.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rebelion.org/hemeroteca/cultura/mamani250802.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;[...] los devotos se visten de cuñas, chiriguanos, matacos y negras sanqueras, los cuales recorren las calles del pueblo causando ruido con sus &lt;b&gt;“japapeos”&lt;/b&gt; o gritos de guerra. [...]&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://periodicolaregion.wordpress.com/category/cultura/page/8/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://periodicolaregion.wordpress.com/category/cultura/page/8/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;[...] La gritería y el atronante &lt;b&gt;japapeo&lt;/b&gt; languidecían; la derrota no debía tardar en pronunciarse.  [...]&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://archive.org/stream/detarijaalaasun00quijgoog/detarijaalaasun00quijgoog_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://archive.org/stream/detarijaalaasun00quijgoog/detarijaalaasun00quijgoog_djvu.txt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastEditorUserId="705" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T00:36:14.210" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T00:36:14.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2015-08-16T07:45:37.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda alguna, a excepción al parecer de casos como el que comenta fedorqui de Cataluña (curioso, no se lo he escuchado nunca a ningún amigo ni familiar catalán, aunque supongo que si lo dices será porque lógicamente lo has escuchado), en el resto de España se usa la fórmula &lt;b&gt;&quot;Echar una siesta&quot;&lt;/b&gt; o &lt;b&gt;&quot;echarse la siesta&quot;&lt;/b&gt; mientras que &quot;hacer una siesta&quot; no lo he escuchado jamás en mi vida, a nadie, en ningún contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T07:45:37.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13539" CreationDate="2015-08-17T06:50:47.937" Score="3" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never seen an explanation for the Spanish word &quot;He&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He&lt;/strong&gt; prometido guardar Tus palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please explain this to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9526" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T13:02:53.457" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:32:44.690" Title="Grammatical explanation of &quot;He&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13537" CreationDate="2015-08-17T07:28:58.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's exactly the same as &quot;Have&quot; in english. &quot;He&quot; is a verbal tense of the verb &quot;haber&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In your example, in english, &quot;I &lt;b&gt;have&lt;/b&gt; promised...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is the doubt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you are missing the subject, the person; in spanish you can skip it because it's implied in the verbal tense itself (Yo he, Tu has, Él ha, etc.), but it would be also correct to say &quot;Yo &lt;b&gt;he&lt;/b&gt; prometido guardar&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastEditorUserId="705" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T23:35:18.503" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T23:35:18.503" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13537" CreationDate="2015-08-17T13:02:28.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're thinking that &quot;&lt;em&gt;He&lt;/em&gt;&quot; acts as the subject, aren't you? Well, it's not. It's the verb (In fact &quot;&lt;em&gt;He prometido&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the verb)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can apply an pronoun ellipsis when it acts as the subject.&#xA;For example, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo escribo una carta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escribo una carta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example (&lt;em&gt;He prometido&lt;/em&gt;) you're using a compound tense of the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;Prometer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (which is formed with the auxiliary tense of verb &quot;Haber&quot; + the past participle of verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;Prometer&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can also apply the pronoun ellipsis rule if you want (which is very common to do it):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo he escrito una carta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He escrito una carta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9616" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T10:32:44.690" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:32:44.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13529" CreationDate="2015-08-17T22:26:49.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otras opciones para expresar tus condolencias (literalmente &quot;condolences&quot;), tanto por escrito u oralmente serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Siento mucho tu pérdida&quot; (la misma oración que tu expresaste &quot;I'm sorry for your loss&quot;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decir o escribir simplemente &quot;Lo siento mucho&quot; (+ &quot;Te mando mi afecto&quot;, + &quot;Te mando un abrazo&quot;, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te mando mi pésame&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1480" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T22:26:49.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13543" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13550" CreationDate="2015-08-18T11:14:20.480" Score="4" ViewCount="1116" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say in imperative form that someone should jump on one leg?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Da &lt;strong&gt;brincos en&lt;/strong&gt; una pierna &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Da &lt;strong&gt;brincos de&lt;/strong&gt; una pierna &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Da &lt;strong&gt;saltos en&lt;/strong&gt; una pierna &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it totally different? How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1988" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T19:17:47.070" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:11:59.430" Title="How do you say in castellano/Spanish &quot;Jump on one leg&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13543" CreationDate="2015-08-18T13:15:16.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Jumping on one leg&quot;, (or &quot;hopping on one leg) at least in Castilian Spanish would be &lt;code&gt;Saltar a la pata coja&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=pata&quot;&gt;Pata&lt;/a&gt; would refer to the leg of an animal or object, like a chair. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=EXk7nSHRRDXX218zrRFA&quot;&gt;Cojo/ja&lt;/a&gt; is someone or something with a missing leg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los niños estaban jugando a este juego de &lt;strong&gt;saltar a la pata coja&lt;/strong&gt; hasta el cuadro con la piedra, recogerla y regresar. &lt;sub&gt; The kids were playing this game of stepping on one feet to the place the stone is, collects it and coming back. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T13:15:16.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13543" CreationDate="2015-08-18T15:47:47.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Brincar y saltar son sinónimos, así que &lt;em&gt;saltar con una pierna&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;brincar con una pierna&lt;/em&gt; son correctos, también le puedes indicar a alguien que de &lt;em&gt;brincos con una pierna&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de saltos con una pierna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9581" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:11:59.430" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:11:59.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13549" CreationDate="2015-08-18T16:49:55.257" Score="12" ViewCount="3470" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de abreviación hasta donde sabía indican que una palabra en plural se abrevia con Doble Inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recursos Humanos: RRHH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estados Unidos: EEUU&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/706/spanish-abbreviation-for-the-united-states-of-america/708#708&quot;&gt;Spanish abbreviation for the United States of America&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en varios medios periodísticos, al menos en sus ediciones electrónicas, cada vez observo más que hablan de EEUU como &quot;EU&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de abreviación han sido oficialmente relajadas ó ¿es simplemente una desgraciada moda en los medios debido a la ignorancia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CNN: &lt;a href=&quot;http://mexico.cnn.com/mundo/2015/08/14/la-bandera-de-eu-vuelve-a-ondear-desde-el-malecon-de-la-habana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La bandera de EU vuelve a ondear en su embajada en La Habana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Milenio: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.milenio.com/internacional/vigilancia_internet_eu-dominio_publico-dominio_privado_internet_0_575342528.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EU extiende su vigilancia en internet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Universal: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/periodismo-de-datos/2015/07/26/descubre-eu-red-de-empresas-de-el-chapo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Descubre EU red de empresas de &quot;El Chapo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Economista: &lt;a href=&quot;http://eleconomista.com.mx/industrias/2015/08/09/inversion-movil-mexico-va-zaga-eu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En inversión móvil, México va a la zaga de EU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alto Nivel: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.altonivel.com.mx/55935-recuperacion-endeble-de-eu-un-riesgo-para-mexico.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recuperación endeble de EU, un riesgo para México&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9620" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T12:31:45.903" LastActivityDate="2019-05-26T15:17:23.510" Title="EEUU vs EU: ¿Han cambiado las reglas de abreviación en los medios periodísticos?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13543" CreationDate="2015-08-18T17:20:54.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you read the question, it says &lt;code&gt;imperative form&lt;/code&gt;. So I think it should be &lt;code&gt;Salta en una pierna&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Brinca en una pierna&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9621" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T17:20:54.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13546" CreationDate="2015-08-18T18:04:58.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si será influencia de «US», que omite el «America».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no sé si se han dado cuenta de que muchos vamos a traducirlo mentalmente como &quot;European Union&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde yo sé, los Estados Unidos siguen abreviándose como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/ee-uu-eua-usa-us/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EE. UU. o EUA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T18:04:58.030" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13546" CreationDate="2015-08-18T22:34:48.047" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas relativas a las abreviaturas no han cambiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iba a responder en la línea en que apunta @guifa, asumiendo que quizás te estabas confundiendo con la UE, pero no, veo que &lt;b&gt;efectivamente se refieren a EE.UU.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única respuesta y explicación es que los medios de comunicación, &lt;b&gt;los &quot;mass media&quot;, cada vez cuidan menos el lenguaje, y no sólo en EE.UU.&lt;/b&gt;, al menos en España pasa lo mismo desde hace años y cada vez es peor (no sé decirte si es dejadez o que como cada vez cobran menos, les importa poco cometer ese tipo de errores).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;La RAE tampoco ayuda mucho cambiando ciertas reglas&lt;/b&gt;, como cuando aceptó &quot;cocreta&quot; como &quot;Forma coloquial&quot; de decir croqueta, ya que &lt;b&gt;el mensaje que se lanza es &quot;Tú dilo como quieras, que si sois muchos los que lo decís/escribís mal, lo terminaremos cambiando&quot;.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: Dentro de algunos años, algunos leerán tu pregunta y puede que no la entiendan ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;En cualquier caso, bien apuntado y bien por poner los enlaces, se agradece&lt;/b&gt;, a ver si alguno de los redactores de esos titulares, casualmente, ve algún día tu post y aprende a escribir, que para eso les pagan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T07:17:50.970" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T07:17:50.970" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13543" CreationDate="2015-08-19T01:15:38.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody read the part of the question that says &quot;imperative form&quot;? I am from Madrid and in an &quot;imperative from&quot;, I would say depending on how many people the message is sent to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only one person: &quot;Tú&quot; (any of the next options is fine):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a)  Salta sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a1) Da saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Salta con una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b1) Da saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Salta a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c1) Da saltos a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only one person: &quot;Usted&quot; (This is the polite/very respectful way of &quot;Tú&quot;. For example we use &quot;Usted&quot; when talking to an old person or one of your customers in your job). The three previous options would be now:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Salte sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a1) De saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Salte con una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b1) De saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Salte a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c1) De saltos a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than one person: &quot;Vosotros&quot; (The plural of &quot;Tú&quot;. See the &quot;d&quot;):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Salta&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a1) Da&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Salta&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; con una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b2) Da&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; saltos con una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Salta&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c2) Da&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; saltos a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than one person: &quot;Ustedes&quot; (The plural of &quot;Usted&quot;. See the &quot;n&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Salte&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a1) De&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Salte&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; con una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b1) De&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; saltos sobre una (sola) pierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Salte&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c1) De&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; saltos a la pata coja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some notes about the previous sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;solo&quot; is optional but i would include it to emphasise that it is &quot;one&quot; leg. You can use before or after &quot;pierna&quot; (In the previous sentences I included before, but after is ok too: for example, &quot;Salta sobre una pierna sola&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use the verb &quot;Saltar&quot; or &quot;Dar saltos&quot;. The meaning is the same. A synonym of &quot;Saltar&quot; is &quot;Brincar&quot; (or &quot;Dar brincos&quot;) I have not included these options to avoid making this post longer, however the conjugation is the same than in the case of &quot;saltar&quot; [If you want, I can write them all]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As Héctor E said before, I would not use &quot;en&quot; for linking the verb &quot;saltar&quot; to the number of legs you are using to jump. For me, the correct prepositions in this case are &quot;sobre&quot; or &quot;con&quot; [Saltar sobre una pierna | Saltar con una pierna |Saltar sobre las dos piernas |Saltar con las dos piernas-]. I do not know if it is ok in any other country (different from Spain), but for me it sounds, at least, estrange. A different point here is the use of &quot;en&quot; if you are saying &lt;strong&gt;where&lt;/strong&gt; you are jumping on (for example &quot;Saltar con una sola pierna en la calle&quot; or &quot;Saltar en el campo con las dos piernas&quot;. The place where you are jumping on is the street -or the countryside-)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As somebody told you before &quot;Saltar a la pata coja&quot; is an informal way of saying &quot;jumping on one leg&quot;. The context where you would hear it more often is in chidren plays.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9631" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T20:11:26.427" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T20:11:26.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13552" CreationDate="2015-08-19T05:41:24.697" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I translate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After classes were over at X College, I went to Japan with my family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de las clases habían terminado en X College, fui a Japan con&#xA;  mi familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9629" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:39:05.303" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T22:43:25.917" Title="Translation of &quot;After classes were over at X College, I went to Japan with my family&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13551" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:24:18.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; las clases en X College &lt;strong&gt;terminaron&lt;/strong&gt;, fui a Japón con mi&#xA;  familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bit old-fashioned/literary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de que terminaron las clases en X College , fui a Japón con mi familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="9394" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T22:43:25.917" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T22:43:25.917" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13556" CreationDate="2015-08-19T08:45:34.600" Score="6" ViewCount="4181" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra en castellano -preferentemente aceptada por la RAE- que sea una traducción del concepto &lt;strong&gt;remake&lt;/strong&gt;? Esto es, &lt;em&gt;hacer algo otra vez en el contexto de una película o libro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me vienen a la cabeza las opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nueva versión (no es una sola palabra)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reversionaje (¿?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me acaban de convencer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T12:23:11.480" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T20:14:42.463" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;remake&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;artes-visuales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13553" CreationDate="2015-08-19T09:04:35.943" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se acostumbra decir &lt;strong&gt;refrito&lt;/strong&gt; cuando hablamos de películas. También se puede usar &lt;em&gt;remake&lt;/em&gt;, no tiene nada de malo. Y en cuanto a lo de una palabra, en español es bastante común que un concepto tenga varias palabras y no necesariamente una, así que &lt;strong&gt;nueva versión&lt;/strong&gt; tampoco está mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T20:14:42.463" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T20:14:42.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13553" CreationDate="2015-08-19T09:13:04.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Refrito&lt;/strong&gt; es usado sobre todo para obras dramáticas y escritas. &lt;s&gt;También se podría aplicar a las películas&lt;/s&gt;, pero pienso que su uso es puramente ibérico o mexicano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pienso que en Latinoamérica la palabra sea reconocida con ese significado, es más probable que se tome el sentido literal, como papas fritas que son refritas o algo por el estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente la reconozcan en Argentina, pero puedo decir que refrito no se dice en &lt;em&gt;Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panamá y Perú.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que la palabra más segura para asegurar una comprensión más universal sería &lt;strong&gt;rehacer&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;code&gt;¡Rehicieron la película de Metrópolis!&lt;/code&gt; por ejemplo. &lt;strong&gt;Nueva versión&lt;/strong&gt; también es mejor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T09:44:43.107" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T09:44:43.107" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13553" CreationDate="2015-08-19T09:38:05.073" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para estas cosas suelo tirar mucho de Fundéu, dado que son más ágiles reaccionando que la RAE (sin intención de queja, por supuesto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/remake/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Su recomendación&lt;/a&gt; es que «&lt;strong&gt;nueva versión&lt;/strong&gt;» o «&lt;strong&gt;adaptación&lt;/strong&gt;» son más adecuados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a «refrito», el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/refrito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; es más claro en su 23ª edición que en la anterior: &lt;em&gt;Obra, especialmente literaria, rehecha, recompuesta o refundida a partir de otras.&lt;/em&gt; Veo esta definición (y de hecho corrobora el uso que personalmente siempre había visto hasta el momento) bastante alejada del concepto habitual de &lt;em&gt;remake&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T12:22:47.730" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T12:22:47.730" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13553" CreationDate="2015-08-19T14:23:04.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de la música se usa bastante &lt;em&gt;reversión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina simplemente usamos &lt;em&gt;remake&lt;/em&gt; para las películas, porque tenemos bastante la costumbre de usar palabras extranjeras para hablar, pero estimo que &lt;em&gt;reversión&lt;/em&gt; podría ser una alternativa &quot;más correcta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concepto de &lt;em&gt;refrito&lt;/em&gt; definitivamente &lt;strong&gt;no es común&lt;/strong&gt; acá - está más importado de centroamérica, creo. Si no fuera por Los Simpsons, creo que jamás habría escuchado &quot;refrito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coloquialmente, si no es &lt;em&gt;remake&lt;/em&gt;, lo más probable es que digamos &lt;em&gt;salió una nueva versión de Batman&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;rehicieron Batman&lt;/em&gt; sin mucha aclaración más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;adaptación&lt;/em&gt;, entiendo que la usamos más para cuando se pasa de un formato a otro (por ejemplo, cuando hacen una película basada en un libro o en una obra de teatro) que para una nueva versión de la misma obra en el mismo medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8556" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T14:23:04.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13445" CreationDate="2015-08-19T19:23:52.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some applications it would be &lt;strong&gt;Cuadro de mandos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;strong&gt;Resumen&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Resumen general&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Resumen genérico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2210" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T19:23:52.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13560" CreationDate="2015-08-19T19:28:36.553" Score="2" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;My grammar books don't seem to provide an answer to the question of if it's correct to use subjunctive to describe hypothetical or not-yet-existent objects or ideas.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis libros de gramática no se parecen decir si es correcto usar el subjuntivo para describir cosas o ideas hipoteticas o aún no existentes.  Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sugiero que hagas una herramienta que &lt;strong&gt;pueda/puede&lt;/strong&gt; resolver el problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or/O&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sugiero que desarrolles una vista en la cual los usarios &lt;strong&gt;puedan/pueden&lt;/strong&gt; ver sus datos personales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is subjunctive used in situations like these?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa el subjuntivo en situaciones como estas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="9309" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T20:07:53.993" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T20:07:53.993" Title="Should the subjunctive be used when describing a hypothetical object or idea?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13559" CreationDate="2015-08-19T20:02:31.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, puedes usar el subjuntivo en esos casos, tanto presente como pretérito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sugiero que hagas una herramienta que &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; resolver el problema (o que &lt;em&gt;resuelva&lt;/em&gt; el problema).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos vendría bien tener una herramienta que &lt;strong&gt;pudiese&lt;/strong&gt; resolver el problema (o &lt;em&gt;resolviese&lt;/em&gt; el problema).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo se usa para expresar probabilidad y duda. Date cuenta de que lo que quieres describir es una situación hipotética en la que existe o se ha realizado una cierta idea u objeto, y quieres reflejar la posibilidad de que esa idea/objeto/etc. tenga ciertas propiedades, así puedes usar el subjuntivo para reflejar ese matiz de probabilidad y duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T20:02:31.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13561" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13562" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:01:18.567" Score="4" ViewCount="2229" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando la traducción de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hopefully&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=hopefully&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en WordReference&lt;/a&gt; veo que se menciona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con suerte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con optimismo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto: ¿podría también traducirse como &lt;strong&gt;&quot;ojalá&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? Según la RAE, esta es su definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=zsgSoYxJsDXX2NPhNZFk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojalá&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ár. hisp. law šá lláh, si Dios quiere).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. Denota vivo deseo de que suceda algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T11:19:42.667" Title="¿Puede &quot;hopefully&quot; traducirse como &quot;ojalá&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13561" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:12:54.060" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutamente. Como absolutivo, &lt;em&gt;hopefully&lt;/em&gt; en inglés significa, efectivamente, &lt;em&gt;I hope that...&lt;/em&gt; (espero que), aunque quizás un pelín más impersonal (como &lt;em&gt;se espera que&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojalá&lt;/em&gt; efectivamente significa lo mismo, y yo de hecho lo uso en, que sepa, todas las situaciones en que usaría &lt;em&gt;hopefully&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T14:12:54.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-20T15:27:18.310" Score="2" ViewCount="809" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just on Amazon, I can see:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1604334916&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Conejo De Pana&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/958041839X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Conejo De Felpa&lt;/a&gt;, and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/8424133374&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Conejo De Terciopelo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/8424133587&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;additional&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0613065093&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;links&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, these are different translations, as even the titles are translated differently.   I am considering purchasing one as a gift, but I don't know enough to tell the difference between these and am wondering if anybody has insight into the accuracy of the translation (or other differences that I should be aware of).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With some stories/books there is an authoritative translation and some lower-quality imitators, and those &quot;in the know&quot; know which one is the best.  If that's true with this story, which one is the authoritative translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Thanks much to Diego's answer commenting on which title might be the most accurate translation.  If anyone has information about the accuracy (etc.?) of the text of these book translations beyond the title, that would be helpful as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9643" LastEditorUserId="9643" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T18:19:57.023" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T07:35:41.207" Title="Which translation of &quot;The Velveteen Rabbit&quot; is most accurate?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13563" CreationDate="2015-08-20T15:37:27.280" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the appropriate translation for &lt;code&gt;Velveteen&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Pana&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velveteen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Velveteen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Velveteen (or velveret) is a cloth made in imitation of velvet. Normally cotton, the term is sometimes applied to a mixture of silk and cotton. Some velveteens are a kind of fustian, having &lt;strong&gt;a rib of velvet pile alternating with a plain depression&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pana,1 corderoy,nota 1 corduroynota 2 o cotelénota 3 es un tejido grueso, de tacto áspero, semejante al terciopelo, liso o compuesto por fibras entrecruzadas que cuando están en paralelo forman el &lt;strong&gt;distintivo motivo con acanaladuras (bastones) verticales&lt;/strong&gt; de pequeño tamaño, pero también pueden ser un poco más gruesos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Felpa&lt;/code&gt; seems to be &lt;code&gt;Terrycloth&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;Terciopelo&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Velvet&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T15:37:27.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13561" CreationDate="2015-08-20T17:42:17.773" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojalá&lt;/em&gt; me suena a un poco más expresión de deseo, aunque no necesariamente me implica la existencia de &lt;em&gt;algún sustento&lt;/em&gt; que me haga creer que algo pueda efectivamente ocurrir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hopefully&lt;/em&gt; sí me da la idea de que hay motivos para creer que pueda ocurrir el evento, aunque está un poco supeditado a la suerte o aleatoriedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general no me animo a traducir &lt;em&gt;hopefully&lt;/em&gt; como algo más que &lt;em&gt;con un poquito de suerte&lt;/em&gt;, aunque, también es cierto: no tengo muchos más fundamentos que mi opinión como hispanoparlante nativo :) (de Argentina, si eso hiciera diferencias)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8556" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T17:42:17.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13563" CreationDate="2015-08-21T07:35:41.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of them are literal translations, but in spanish you don't use any of them to refer to that kind of toys; the correct translation would be &lt;b&gt;&quot;Conejo de peluche&quot;&lt;/b&gt; (&quot;felpa&quot; is a synonyom of it, but nobody says &quot;Conejo de felpa&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(definition from Google):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PELUCHE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nombre, masculino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.&#xA;Tela, generalmente de seda, lana o alguna fibra sintética, parecida al terciopelo pero de pelo más largo y aspecto más brillante; se utiliza sobre todo para forrar prendas de invierno y confeccionar muñecos.&#xA;&quot;un perrito de peluche; se pasaba el día en el café, con la cabeza apoyada en el respaldo de peluche, mirando para los dorados del techo&quot;&#xA;sinónimos:  felpa&#xA;2.&#xA;Muñeco hecho de peluche, que suele tener forma de animal.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Anyway, maybe all of those terms refer to the same kind of toy; they are probably literal translations of &quot;peluche&quot; and don't really mean a difference in the product they are selling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T07:35:41.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13568" CreationDate="2015-08-21T13:02:04.927" Score="4" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gusta mucho la frase idiomática inglesa &quot;as is&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/as-is&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;as is&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;in the state that something is in at the present time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Will you wait till it's finished or take it home as is?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparece con frecuencia en sitios como mensajes de los programas informáticos con frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disclaimer. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED &lt;strong&gt;&quot;AS IS&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; AND ANY EXPRESSED OR&#xA;  IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me estaba preguntando: ¿cuál sería la mejor manera de decirlo en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren opciones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tal y como es/viene&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tal cual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no sé si estoy perdiendo algo en la traducción. ¿Hay algún nativo inglés que pueda dar su opinión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T19:11:07.337" Title="¿Cómo traducir la expresión idiomática inglesa &quot;as is&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13567" CreationDate="2015-08-21T13:14:03.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para tu primer ejemplo, yo usualmente uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tal y como está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es básicamente lo que tienes en tu primera opción. Para tu segundo ejemplo, yo usaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sin garantía &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sin garantía alguna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ya que ese es el contexto en el que se usa &quot;as is&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T13:14:03.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-21T14:33:37.807" Score="1" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's fairly straightforward to translate prose and nonfictional prose (e.g newspapers, novels, nonfiction and notes), but poetry is another beast altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been listening to a song, La Bala, by Ana Tijoux, for a few weeks now trying to interpret the minuscule details hidden in the poetry that is &lt;a href=&quot;http://genius.com/Ana-tijoux-la-bala-lyrics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this song&lt;/a&gt;.  My goal is to not only be able to translate this song, but rather to understand the underlying meanings and messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first line of this song is what intrigued me.  And especially the rhythm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pistola lo miraba fijamente bajo el manto brillo cromo de su veneno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to translate this like any other sentence, I could come up with three possibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The pistol stared below the shiny chrome cloak of it's venom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or interpret a hidden subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He stared at the pistol below the shiny chrome cloak of his venom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or instead of &lt;code&gt;stare&lt;/code&gt;, maybe &lt;code&gt;aim&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The pistol was aimed below ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, I cannot make literal sense out of the sentence.  When I read it, in Spanish, I interpret the general idea that the pistol is something bad and... venomous.  If someone were to ask me to tell them what it means in English, I would not know where to begin.  This is poetry and it is not meant to be translated, I understand that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The entire song is filled with nuances, but of all of the lines in it, the first one leaves me grasping for more meaning.  More than just, ... the venomous pistol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of shiny chrome cloak?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T17:30:15.353" Title="Manto brillo cromo" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13561" CreationDate="2015-08-21T15:24:39.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Ojalá que sí [u otro algo].&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literalmente significa &lt;code&gt;hopefully&lt;/code&gt;.  Español lleva una cultura religiosa mientras el ingles no se la lleva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojalá es una palabra árabe también, que se refiere a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Alá&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras tanto, &lt;code&gt;ojalá&lt;/code&gt; sigue siendo traducido por &lt;code&gt;hopefully&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-22T11:19:42.667" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T11:19:42.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13569" CreationDate="2015-08-21T17:30:15.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not that complicated but it needs metaphoric reasoning in order to understand. Your traduction is too literal and it's not very convenient for this case (also &quot;lo miraba&quot; means &quot;staring at&quot; not &quot;he stared&quot;). Almost none of the words are used in a literal/plausible way. So let's unravel the mystery:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pistola lo miraba fijamente bajo el manto brillo cromo de su veneno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; If a gun is &quot;staring at you&quot; it means that you're being aimed with a gun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; When something is &quot;bajo el manto&quot; (of another thing) it means that it is &quot;under x circunstance/paradigm&quot; (in which whatever this thing has to do). Since the thing is a pistol &quot;el manto brillo cromo&quot; would refer to the material (a shiny chromed metal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;de su veneno&quot; is an eufemism to indicate that it is life threatening (as any pistol is when it's being aimed at you). Also, it gives more sense to the &quot;manto&quot; expresion because this &quot;cloak&quot; would be covering the poison (the actual bullet that will kill you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, the grammar is not 100% correct. Take into account that this is poetry and ritmic and aesthetic overtakes the grammatic rules. One should never say &quot;bajo el manto brillo cromo de su veneno&quot; in a normal sentence. You have 3 nouns together (manto, brillo y cromo) and it's not the way we speak. One should say &quot;...bajo el brilloso y cromado manto de su veneno&quot; or something like that where manto is the only noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T17:30:15.353" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13574" CreationDate="2015-08-21T19:23:06.657" Score="2" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;En informática, los snippets son pedazos de código rehusable (funciones, métodos, etc). ¿Cuál sería su significado en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9652" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T19:40:55.827" Title="¿Cómo se traduciría al español la palabra &quot;snippet&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13573" CreationDate="2015-08-21T19:40:55.827" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor traducción que se me ocurre es &lt;code&gt;fragmento&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo, en un tutorial encontrarías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Analicemos el siguiente &lt;strong&gt;fragmento&lt;/strong&gt; (de código)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pedazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trozo&lt;/em&gt; y similares me parece que no encajan tan bien como &lt;em&gt;fragmento&lt;/em&gt;. El problema es que, a menos que conozcas el contexto, &lt;code&gt;fragmento&lt;/code&gt; no evoca &quot;código&quot; o &quot;programa&quot; de la misma manera que snippet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto &lt;em&gt;snippet&lt;/em&gt; podría quedar como otro anglicismo más, y conservar el significado mejor que &lt;code&gt;fragmento&lt;/code&gt;, pero si tuviese que escoger una palabra, yo escogería &lt;code&gt;fragmento&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T19:40:55.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-21T21:10:08.623" Score="4" ViewCount="44260" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber qué significa la frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me mama´s morra/ me mamas morra &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es algo feo o es una expresión en sentido positivo? Creo que este tipo de frases  se usa solo en America Latina-México. ¿Alguien que me lo podría explicar con un ejemplo en español de España o en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9653" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T21:13:39.380" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T05:38:57.260" Title="¿Qué significa la frase &quot;me mamas morra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13575" CreationDate="2015-08-21T23:38:41.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es algo despectivo, o sea, algo feo como tu dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Morra&lt;/em&gt; es una interjección para llamar a la gata, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=tRVqwTfjgDXX2CFhcIKV%7CkjP92uimFDXX2bTfcXz0%7C7A4ic71RpDXX2Uoz08l9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;según la RAE&lt;/a&gt; (Real Academia Española)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, te esta diciendo que le &lt;em&gt;chupes el pene&lt;/em&gt;, podría decírtelo en otras palabras pero no me parecen apropiadas, supongo que puedes hacerte una idea ;)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9273" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-22T00:11:08.620" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T00:11:08.620" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13477" CreationDate="2015-08-22T06:03:01.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista de la nomenclatura química, lo más &lt;strike&gt;correcto&lt;/strike&gt; preciso sería llamarlos &lt;strong&gt;parahidroxibenzoatos&lt;/strong&gt;, y de hecho se puede encontrar que hay quien los denomina así.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando se trata de un nombre general para un grupo de compuestos químicos en la práctica no hay mucha nomenclatura que valga, ya que además  destacar la estructura  química común, que se puede describir de varias formas, además deber ser simple, pegadizo y pronunciable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según se mire la fórmula general de los parabenos, se pueden ver un fenol (= hidroxibenceno) y un grupo variable con un enlace éster (benzoatos), o podemos  ver simplemente dos radicales opuestos (en posición «&lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;»: en un lado el &lt;code&gt;-OH&lt;/code&gt; y en el otro el &lt;code&gt;-CO-OR&lt;/code&gt;) en un anillo de &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt;nce&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;.Por ello tampoco falta quien les llama &lt;strong&gt;parabencenos&lt;/strong&gt;, si bien es un término mucho más general (ya que cabe cualquier tipo de radicales, con tal de que estén en posición «&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;»). Pero es más simple y puede que  «parabenos» en parte derive, o simplemetne haya tenido más aceptació,n porque es también una contracción de «&lt;strong&gt;parabe&lt;/strong&gt;nce&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a «parabén», como comentaba Sergio es evidente que deriva del inglés «paraben» que también encaja como contracción de «&lt;strong&gt;parabenzene&lt;/strong&gt;». Por tanto, en mi opinión no deberia usarse (ni en singular, ni en plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T06:03:01.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-08-22T16:10:37.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll try to write my comments as an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I would say that your assumption is correct, &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt; goes into &lt;code&gt;tuviera&lt;/code&gt;. And that's it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a personal remark, I don't know if this method is helping you but I don't think direct translation is a good idea when learning languages. In particular, subjunctive tenses are kind of dificult to translate directly so you're going to have a rough time with it. I would look for subjunctive tenses in spanish, they are constructed according to rules, it's not random.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I mean is that you have to use &lt;code&gt;tuviera&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt; because you're trying to say &quot;another thing&quot; so you do not need &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt; as auxiliar verb. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &quot;tener&quot; A LOT of things (hunger, anger, dissapointment, etc). It does not have to be a real object but yes, if you have/would have a real object then you tienes/tendría o tuviera. Since &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt; is working as the auxiliar verb (just as have is used for present perfect as auxiliar verb) it is needed for some verbs that use &quot;hubiera&quot;. Since &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt; is not one of the verbs that need auxiliar, you can use &lt;code&gt;tuviera&lt;/code&gt; (and this is what I mean when I said &quot;you are trying to say another thing&quot;) &lt;code&gt;Hubiera&lt;/code&gt; works for subjunctive as auxiliar conjugation of &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;, but you also have &lt;code&gt;haya&lt;/code&gt; and so on check &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, keep in mind that subjunctive mode is one of the last things that native people learn during elementary school and it is seldom used correctly because of its difficulty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T16:10:37.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2015-08-22T17:29:03.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll share my case. My mother was born in a Basque-only family, and forced to learn Spanish at school. Every time she used a Basque word she was punished. Most mistakes were in usual words as &quot;agur&quot; or &quot;aita&quot; or &quot;ama&quot; (dad and mom in basque).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several years after, she can't bear hearing Spansih words &quot;papa&quot; or &quot;mama&quot;  (again, dad and mom). I learnt both languages at home, but for me there are several &quot;taboo&quot; words that I must say in Basque, even when I speak any other language. However I don't have any trouble if anyone use those words speaking with me, simply my local Spanish taste don't use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9655" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T12:49:27.487" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T12:49:27.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-23T02:55:55.723" Score="3" ViewCount="494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of the following is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno &lt;strong&gt;aumenta&lt;/strong&gt; los impuestos el próximo año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno &lt;strong&gt;aumente&lt;/strong&gt; los impuestos el próximo año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible that the president announces that the government will raise taxes next year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Yeah, I know you probably wouldn't phrase it like this in actual speech, but it's just an example to illustrate the concept. Also ignore the fact that there's no subjunctive in the English sentence because it's used for volition only, not uncertainty, unless you want to sound archaic.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you have a verb &amp;quot;aumentar&amp;quot; embedded in the subjunctive &amp;quot;anunciar.&amp;quot; Is there one correct answer, or does it depend on whether the speaker of the sentence knows whether the government will raise taxes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9659" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T11:35:20.080" Title="Subordinate clauses inside a subjunctive verb" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13581" CreationDate="2015-08-23T03:45:40.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, I should point out that the structure of your example sentence is an independent clause (&lt;em&gt;es posible…&lt;/em&gt;) containing a noun clause (&lt;em&gt;que el presidente anuncia…&lt;/em&gt;) which in turn contains its own noun clause (&lt;em&gt;que el gobierno…&lt;/em&gt;).  You don't have a relative clause, although the answer is the same regardless:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mood of each subordinate clause in Spanish &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; affected by its immediate superordinate clause. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you strip away the all other clauses, and convert the superordinate clause to an independent clause and the answer generally becomes much clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El presidente anuncia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que el gobierno &lt;sup&gt;aumenta&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;aumente&lt;/sub&gt; los impuestos el próximo año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;anunciar&lt;/em&gt; doesn't cause subjunctive,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; so we need to use indicative in the subordinate clause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. the superordinate clause's verb switches to indicative as there is now nothing to cause it subjunctive&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. in the affirmative, anyways.  If it were &quot;no anuncia&quot;, it would&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T03:45:40.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13581" CreationDate="2015-08-23T11:35:20.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of them would be a correct translation of &lt;i&gt;&quot;It is possible that the president announces that the government will raise taxes next year.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone has pointed, the correct translation would be &lt;i&gt;&quot;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno aumentará los impuestos el próximo año.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, regarding to the two options you offer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno aumenta los impuestos el próximo año.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is correct (grammatically) and would be translated as: &lt;i&gt;&quot;It is possible that the president announces that the government is raising taxes next year.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&quot;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno aumente los impuestos el próximo año.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; would be incomplete since you are using the subjunctive form &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&quot;aumente&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; to express uncertainty, so you need to complete it somehow to justify that uncertainty, for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&quot;Es posible que el presidente anuncie que el gobierno &lt;b&gt;aumente&lt;/b&gt; los impuestos el próximo año &lt;b&gt;SI la economía no mejora&lt;/b&gt; .&quot;&lt;/i&gt; == &lt;i&gt;&quot;It is possible that the president announces that the government will raise taxes next year IF ecconomy doesn't get better.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise it would be nonsense to use the subjunctive on &quot;aumente&quot; in this case. It would sound in spanish like it may sound to you in english if I say: &lt;b&gt;&quot;Ok, I'll go if.&quot; and I finish that way the phrase. You would read it and think &quot;IF... WHAT??&quot; :)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that clarifies it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T11:35:20.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13567" CreationDate="2015-08-23T20:16:14.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general, «&lt;em&gt;tal cual&lt;/em&gt;» lo traduce perfectamente. Pero para el contexto específico de licencias de software, puede que tenga alguna connotación técnica que sólo conocen los abogados californianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T15:59:39.290" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T15:59:39.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-08-24T00:32:22.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your a Caribean hispanic from Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico we say &lt;code&gt;habichuelas&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;Frijoles&lt;/code&gt; is used more by individuals from South America, just like cake Caribean hispanics say &quot;bizcocho&quot;, they use &quot;pastel&quot; which means a different food for us.  Also &quot;bizcocho&quot; in some South American countries can mean a vulgar way of saying a women has a hairy vagina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9664" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T03:36:10.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T03:36:10.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13589" CreationDate="2015-08-24T05:04:46.277" Score="2" ViewCount="1285" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you hold this for me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as I hand someone a book, say, which of the following is acceptable? And which is better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Me puedes sostener &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Me &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; puedes sostener?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forget about the fact that this might not be the best way to translate to Spanish. I'm mostly asking about whether the common use of demonstrative pronouns as objects in English (this/that) is better translated as a direct object pronoun (lo/la) in Spanish? I simply don't hear many people use eso/esa as objects with the frequency it's used in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9667" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T12:41:38.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T12:41:38.417" Title="Using lo/la instead of eso/esa (object vs. demonstrative pronouns)" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13588" CreationDate="2015-08-24T06:57:35.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Both of your options are correct and perfectly acceptable&lt;/b&gt;. You should translate demonstrative pronouns as they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(D.P.) Can you hold this for me? =&amp;gt; ¿Me puedes sostener esto?&#xA;(D.P.) Can you hold that for me? =&amp;gt; ¿Me puedes sostener eso?&#xA;(D.O.) Can you hold it for me? =&amp;gt; ¿Me lo puedes sostener?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;In short&lt;/b&gt;: There's no need to change demonstrative pronouns to direct object pronoun when you translate them to spanish. Any of these expressions are absolutly common in spanish and the meaning is the same as in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T06:57:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13592" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13594" CreationDate="2015-08-24T17:21:58.643" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to translate a report into Spanish from Turkish. In Turkey, Istanbul, we have districts in cities, see here for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mine&lt;/a&gt;. In this question, let's call the district's name as Şişli (so you can give a precise answer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the stamps of the report, I have several problems. I enumerate it so you can answer easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) First of all, I know the &quot;Ministry of Health of Turkey&quot; translates as &quot;Ministerio de Sanidad de Turquía&quot;. (Is it correct?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) What is the translation of &quot;health authority of the Şişli district&quot; in Spanish? Everything I've come up with can not be found in the Google so I suspect they are used. &lt;strong&gt;Here &quot;authority&quot; means the following: It is not a hospital, or a medical centre of sort. It is the unit that organises and manages health related things in the district and consists of officials.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) I also need the translation of head of this unit. Head of health authority of the district? I've also come up with some ideas but I am not sure they correspond to something meaningful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9674" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T17:40:03.567" Title="Translation of a &quot;district health authority&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13592" CreationDate="2015-08-24T17:38:15.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ministry of Health of Turkey&quot; translates as &quot;Ministerio de Sanidad de Turquía&quot;. (Is it correct?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like a pretty reasonable translation. There is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.msssi.gob.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ministerio de Sanidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Health authority of the Şişli district&quot; could be simply translated as &lt;code&gt;autoridades&lt;/code&gt; or described with a direct translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las autoridades sanitarias del distrito de  Şişli&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Head of health authority&quot; could be translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;jefe&lt;/strong&gt; de las autoridades sanitarias&quot;. It could also be translated as &quot;&lt;code&gt;primer mandatario&lt;/code&gt; de las autoridades sanitarias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T17:38:15.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13592" CreationDate="2015-08-24T17:40:03.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) Yes, &lt;b&gt;&quot;Ministerio de Sanidad de Turquía&quot;&lt;/b&gt; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) That depends on how a country is subdivided; in Spain we have &quot;Comunidades Autónomas&quot; and into them, &quot;Provincias&quot; (and finally &quot;cities&quot;, obviously). A generic term to refer to the competent organism of health on all of those cases would be &lt;b&gt;&quot;Delegación de Sanidad&quot;&lt;/b&gt;, which means the authority in charge of health on that area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) That would be translated, in the same way, as &lt;b&gt;&quot;Delegado de Sanidad&quot;&lt;/b&gt; of each area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T17:40:03.567" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13575" CreationDate="2015-08-25T07:28:52.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, esta es una expresión usada sobre todo en Monterrey (México), donde el verbo &lt;code&gt;mamar&lt;/code&gt; tiene significados coloquiales muy distintos al significado oficial que da la RAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por partes, &lt;code&gt;morra&lt;/code&gt; es una forma de llamar a cualquier mujer de forma coloquial y se utiliza en un ambiente exclusivamente informal, por ejemplo entre amigos para referirse a terceros(morro, morra), sin llegar a ser despectivo, al igual que en otros lugares del país se utiliza &lt;code&gt;chavo&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;chava&lt;/code&gt;(chico/chica). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los usos mas populares que conozco de Monterrey para este tipo de frases son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se mamó: que hizo alguna cosa muy bien,  o que la hizo muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es sinónimo de otra frase popular, &lt;code&gt;te la bañaste&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases y sus usos antes mencionados son muy comunes en el norte de México y originarios de Monterrey. En cualquier otro lugar del país quizá no lo entenderían en una conversación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularmente la frase que mencionas en tu ejemplo no tiene mucho sentido sin el contexto adecuado. De acuerdo a mi experiencia con estas frases, te están dando a entender que no le agradas a quien te lo está diciendo. Un equivalente del coloquio Español sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me rayas tía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="1978" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T09:47:08.573" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T09:47:08.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13601" CreationDate="2015-08-25T19:10:35.087" Score="5" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace uno o dos años que estudio el español, pero aún tengo dificultades con los pretéritos indefinido e imperfecto. Mi lengua nativa es el inglés, así que definitivamente tiene algo que ver con eso. Hoy hice unos ejercicios que encontré en la página web de alguna escuela e intenté hacerlos. He aquí tres fragmentos de los ejercicios (las palabras en negrita son las que tuve que escribir):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; bibliotecario y &lt;strong&gt;trabajaba&lt;/strong&gt; en la universidad. En&#xA;  la biblioteca de la universidad, &lt;strong&gt;hablaron&lt;/strong&gt; por primera vez. Pero el&#xA;  encuentro en la biblioteca no &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; casual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El encuentro en el bar no &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; una coincidencia. La chica&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;esperaba&lt;/strong&gt; allí al chico mientras &lt;strong&gt;leía&lt;/strong&gt; mensajes en los sobres de azúcar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero, por la noche, cuando el chico &lt;strong&gt;cruzaba&lt;/strong&gt; una calle, la chica lo&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;atropelló&lt;/strong&gt; con su bicicleta. ¡Eso sí &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; una casualidad!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que explican a menudo en toda parte que el pretérito imperfecto se usa para descripciones, ¿por qué no son correctos los &quot;era&quot; en cursiva? No narra ningún evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9685" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T22:34:35.980" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T22:34:35.980" Title="¿Por qué &quot;fue&quot; y no &quot;era&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13602" CreationDate="2015-08-25T20:51:52.553" Score="4" ViewCount="2381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veo en la RAE que &quot;hacera&quot; / &quot;facera&quot; y &quot;acera&quot; son distintas maneras de escribir lo que generalmente damos a conocer como &quot;acera&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=5ZEBvNCSODXX2xsCpgJx%7CBTNsdmJnEDXX2HcDrRvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;facero, ra.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. *faciarĭus, de facĭes, cara).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. p. us. acera (‖ fila de casas a cada lado de una calle).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=Wxy0COOldDXX2JkjQT3T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacera.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De facera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. acera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=TVgatn8uuDXX2M0ztxAd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acera.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De hacera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Orilla de la calle o de otra vía pública, generalmente enlosada, sita junto al paramento de las casas, y particularmente destinada para&#xA;  el tránsito de la gente que va a pie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conocía el hecho de que &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hacera&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; fuera aceptado, pero esta consulta a la RAE revela que la situación es aún más paradójica de lo que creía: la palabra que más se usa y escribe, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;acera&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; parece ser la última en la evolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces mi pregunta es: ¿cómo se explica la evolución de esta palabra &lt;code&gt;facera -&amp;gt; hacera -&amp;gt; acera&lt;/code&gt;? Si bien la migración &lt;code&gt;facera -&amp;gt; hacera&lt;/code&gt; puedo entenderla en base al uso, ¿qué explicación tiene que se promueva una escritura diferente (sin la &lt;strong&gt;&quot;h&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;) para un mismo sonido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T14:18:34.117" Title="¿Por qué escribimos &quot;acera&quot; si el original era &quot;facera&quot; que luego devino &quot;hacera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13599" CreationDate="2015-08-25T22:01:06.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; es el pretérito perfecto simple (o pretérito indefinido).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; es el pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre pretérito perfecto simple y pretérito imperfecto es complicada. Sin embargo, puede resumirse en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pretérito &lt;strong&gt;perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; simple se usa cuando nos referimos a una &lt;strong&gt;acción puntual&lt;/strong&gt; en el pasado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pretérito &lt;strong&gt;imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; se usa cuando nos referimos a una &lt;strong&gt;acción habitual&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analicemos el primer caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; bibliotecario y &lt;strong&gt;trabajaba&lt;/strong&gt; en la universidad. En&#xA;  la biblioteca de la universidad, &lt;strong&gt;hablaron&lt;/strong&gt; por primera vez. Pero el&#xA;  encuentro en la biblioteca no &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; casual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El chico trabajaba como bibliotecario -&gt; algo habitual -&gt; pretérito imperfecto -&gt; &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un día determinado el chico y alguien más tuvieron una conversación -&gt; algo puntual -&gt; pretérito perfecto simple -&gt; &lt;em&gt;hablaron&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí alguna lectura interesante para ver más ejemplos al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cuadernoscervantes.com/ele_52_preterito.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El pretérito y el imperfecto en la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.multikultura.org.uk/spanish/grammar/gram_index.php?c=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gramática - El pretérito simple y el pretérito imperfecto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T22:06:42.093" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T22:06:42.093" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13600" CreationDate="2015-08-25T23:24:42.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué explicación tiene que se &lt;strong&gt;promueva&lt;/strong&gt; una escritura diferente (sin la&#xA;&amp;quot;h&amp;quot;) para un mismo sonido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que hay un error al decir que se &lt;em&gt;promueve&lt;/em&gt; una escritura diferente. En este caso simplemente la RAE &lt;em&gt;acepta&lt;/em&gt; un uso contra el cual &amp;quot;ya no se puede competir&amp;quot;, porque está tan difundido que puede considerarse una norma, aunque en su origen haya sido una falta de ortografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay montones de casos similares. Algunos son tan antiguos que no sabemos que &amp;quot;están mal escritos&amp;quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Árbol (del latín ARBOR, cambio de R por L)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buitre (del latín VULTUR, cambio de V por B)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abogado (del latín ADVOCATUM, cambio de V por B)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabra (del latín PARABOLA, se dieron vuelta las letras R y L)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros casos en los que se usa la palabra &amp;quot;correcta&amp;quot; según su etimología y una versión &amp;quot;incorrecta&amp;quot;, como en &lt;em&gt;rugido&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ruido&lt;/em&gt;, en un fenómeno muy común llamado &lt;em&gt;doblete&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se agregan sonidos que antes no existían, y la RAE termina aceptándolos, como el caso famoso de las palabras &lt;em&gt;entonces, mientras y quizás&lt;/em&gt;, que hace poco terminan con -s. Y al reves, se aceptan palabras a las que se les ha quitado un sonido, como la antigua &lt;em&gt;augmento&lt;/em&gt; (que ahora es &lt;em&gt;aumento&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;trasporte y traspirar&lt;/em&gt;, que son perfectamente aceptadas por la RAE aunque no tengan la N de la raíz trans-.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con respecto a la H perdida en &lt;em&gt;acera&lt;/em&gt;, lo mismo ocurrió con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traer (del latín TRAHERE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ora (la conjunción derivada de &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alonso (no está en la RAE obviamente por ser un nombre, pero no existe el correcto &lt;em&gt;Alhonso&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arpa (del germánico HARPA, coexisten ambas formas con y sin h- en la RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Armonía (del latín HARMONIA, también coexisten en la RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se da el caso inverso en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta (del latín AD ISTA, al cual le inventamos una h- inexistente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son todos casos en los que errores ortográficos repetidos históricamente se terminan aceptando como norma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T23:24:42.777" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13603" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T12:17:26.127" Score="3" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;La siguiente frase expresa que era algo habitual antes de la última noche, la que fue hace unas noches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace unas noches dormía bajo un puente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que esto expresa que hace unas noches durmió bajo un puente una sola noche:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace unas noches dormí bajo un puente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entiendo la diferencia correctamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9685" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T13:20:41.097" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T14:59:56.433" Title="Hace unas noches dormía/dormí bajo un puente" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13607" CreationDate="2015-08-26T18:18:19.060" Score="2" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to make questions about calendar. I will show the calendar of January and ask those questions in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I ask these questions in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1: Today is Jan. 15. What date was last Monday?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Q2: Today is Jan. 15. What date is next Monday?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Q3: How many Mondays are there?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Q4: How man days are there in January?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Q5: What day of week is Jan. 15?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Q6: What date is second Monday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I translated like this. however, I am not sure it is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1: Hoy es el 15 de enero. ¿Qué día es el próximo lunes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q2: Hoy es el 15 de enero. ¿Qué día fue el lunes pasado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q3: ¿Cuántas lunes hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q4: ¿Cuántos días hay en enero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q5: ¿Que dia es 15 de enero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q6: ¿En qué fecha es el primavera lunes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9690" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T16:16:37.520" Title="How to translate dates to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13567" CreationDate="2015-08-26T19:11:07.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Latinoamerica se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A como está. (se refiere a las condiciones o características actuales)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A como está y sin futuros reclamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según condiciones actuales. (igual que el primero)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A como se encuentra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTA:&lt;/strong&gt; Todas las anteriores se entiende que no hay garantía o reclamos para el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9692" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T19:11:07.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13608" CreationDate="2015-08-26T21:44:26.750" Score="7" ViewCount="34498" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra inglesa &lt;strong&gt;&quot;feedback&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; se usa muy extensamente en castellano para diferentes conceptos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mecanismo por el cual un sistema se alimenta de sí mismo (algo circular).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proceso de obtención de respuestas sobre un tema con el que se pretende mejorarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción automática de la primera acepción, la más técnica, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=kBvuozPukDXX2YZ12Jul&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;realimentación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Electr. Retorno de parte de la salida de un circuito o sistema a su propia entrada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿cuál sería una traducción adecuada de la palabra en el segundo contexto? &quot;Realimentación&quot; también suena pertinente, pero parece demasiado técnica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, una frase inglesa del tipo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please provide me with some feedback on this topic so that we can&#xA;  improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sonaría algo forzada con &quot;realimentación&quot;, si bien otras opciones como &quot;opiniones&quot;, &quot;pensamientos&quot;, me gustan pero me parece que son parcialmente correctas por no tener esa connotación de &quot;circularidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T22:20:32.197" Title="¿&quot;Feedback&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13604" CreationDate="2015-08-26T22:01:00.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translations are almost all OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q1: Today is Jan. 15. What date was last Monday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q2: Hoy es el 15 de enero. ¿Qué día fue el lunes pasado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q2: Today is Jan. 15. What date is next Monday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q1: Hoy es el 15 de enero. ¿Qué día es el próximo lunes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your translations were correct, but it looks like you swapped them. Notice how I moved them to their proper places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q3: How many Mondays are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q3: ¿Cuántas lunes hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lunes&quot; as a day is masculine, so you have to say &quot;cuánt&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;s&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q4: How many days are there in January?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q4: ¿Cuántos días hay en enero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q5: What day of week is Jan. 15?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q5: ¿Que dia es 15 de enero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make it more complete I would say, &quot;¿Qué día de la semana es el 15 de enero?&quot; or &quot;¿Qué día de semana es el 15 de enero?&quot;. Note the diacritics on both &quot;día&quot; and &quot;qué&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q6: What date is second Monday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q6: ¿En qué fecha es el primer lunes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You seem to be on the right track here but by accident you wrote &quot;primer&quot; instead of &quot;segundo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T16:16:37.520" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T16:16:37.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13606" CreationDate="2015-08-26T23:41:52.607" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no hay una palabra en español que recoja a la vez ambos conceptos de la manera que ocurre en inglés. Para el segundo contexto yo usaría &lt;code&gt;comentarios&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;críticas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;observaciones&lt;/code&gt; e incluso &lt;code&gt;opiniones&lt;/code&gt;, y debe ser el contexto el que le de esa connotación de &lt;em&gt;&quot;retroalimentación&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (Tus comentarios/críticas/observaciones/opiniones sobre mi X me ayudan a valorarlo, y posiblemente mejorarlo). También puedes usar &lt;code&gt;valoración&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que de todas opciones, &lt;code&gt;crítica&lt;/code&gt; es la que mejor conserva el aspecto de &lt;em&gt;&quot;circularidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que buscas, ya que los comentarios/opiniones/observaciones pueden ser positivos, negativos o incluso neutros, pero la &lt;em&gt;crítica&lt;/em&gt; tiene la connotación de que es algo a lo que debes volver a prestar atención y posiblemente corregir. Por otro lado, por la misma razón &lt;code&gt;criticas&lt;/code&gt; parece invitar a obtener sólo &quot;negative feedback&quot; cuando el &quot;positive feedback&quot; puede aportar información muy valiosa también. &lt;code&gt;Valoración&lt;/code&gt; no anda demasiado lejos tampoco, así que yo creo que me decidiría por esta última.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor, dame tu valoración sobre este tema para que podamos mejorarlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Please provide me with some feedback on this topic so that we can improve.&#xA;  .&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T11:33:20.493" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T11:33:20.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-27T00:37:48.353" Score="3" ViewCount="1451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo que que de pequeño mi madre me preguntaba &lt;code&gt;¿Vas a querer patatas fritas?&lt;/code&gt; y yo a veces me llevaba una desilusión, porque respondía que sí, pero quería patatas fritas &lt;em&gt;de las otras&lt;/em&gt;. A veces me preguntaba, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Las quieres &lt;strong&gt;de bolsa&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con eso me daba a entender que eran de &quot;las industriales&quot;. Vamos, también las podrías comprar en la churrería, pero no eran las típicas que hacías en casa. Los americanos distinguen entre &lt;em&gt;french fries&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;chips&lt;/em&gt;. Para los británicos &lt;em&gt;chips&lt;/em&gt; son lo que los americanos llaman &lt;em&gt;french fries&lt;/em&gt; y las otras son &lt;em&gt;crisp&lt;/em&gt;. Parece ser que los australianos les llaman &lt;em&gt;chips&lt;/em&gt; a las dos, de la misma manera que nosotros, que no tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GU2lS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;forma de distinguirlas&lt;/a&gt;, ¿o sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se pueden distinguir en español ambos tipos de patatas fritas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T08:19:53.950" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T04:04:08.153" Title="¿Se pueden distinguir las patatas fritas en español?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2015-08-27T04:11:29.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give a full answer, we must define what type of conjugation we're doing.  You've said second person singular, but there are three (!) different pronouns that can refer to singular things in the second person: tú, usted, and the oft forgotten vos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the intended pronoun/person is &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, then we use the third-person singular conjugation and there's no question there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the intended pronoun/person is &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, then there is categorically no &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;.  The only endings for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; in the preterite are &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-iste&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However&lt;/strong&gt;, if the intended pronoun/person is &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, things get more complicated.  The verbal forms for &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; never coallesced into a single panhispanic conjugation (actually, more technically, they split off from a single one, but that's a bit beside the point).  As a result, the standard conjugations for &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; vary by region and register, and what is correct in one circumstance is wrong in another.  The following are forms that are standard in one or more regions according to the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática Española&lt;/em&gt; (ASALE/RAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt;: hablasteis, hablastes, hablaste, hablates, hablate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comer&lt;/strong&gt;: comisteis, comistes, comiste, comites, comite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vivir&lt;/strong&gt;: vivisteis, vivistes, visiste, vivites, vivite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The forms that end in &lt;em&gt;-steis&lt;/em&gt; are exclusive to the &lt;em&gt;vos reverencial&lt;/em&gt;.  The forms that end in &lt;em&gt;-ste&lt;/em&gt; are generally just &lt;em&gt;tuteante&lt;/em&gt; forms that have fallen into the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; paradigm, although in some cases they are in fact derived from the &lt;em&gt;-steis&lt;/em&gt; form, both monophthongizing and losing the &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you just hear someone say something like &lt;em&gt;¿Ya comistes hoy?&lt;/em&gt;, they may be completely wrong, but if they are a &lt;em&gt;voseante&lt;/em&gt; speaker, then depending on their particular &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; paradigm, they may be perfectly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T13:10:27.757" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T13:10:27.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13606" CreationDate="2015-08-27T04:21:40.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu caso yo iría más a &lt;strong&gt;comentarios&lt;/strong&gt;, valoraciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te ha gustado nuestra aplicación? Mándanos tus &lt;strong&gt;comentarios&lt;/strong&gt; sobre cómo la mejorarías. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me recuerda a un profesor que tuve que siempre decía al final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Algún comentario, duda o sugerencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que viene a colación de esta pregunta, he leído un &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elpais.com/defensor-del-lector/2013/11/anglicismos-y-traducciones.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artículo en El pais&lt;/a&gt;, donde se menciona esta frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¨... y para “feedback” existen en español palabras como valoración, evaluación, etc.¨ &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9195" LastEditorUserId="9195" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T04:12:33.223" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T04:12:33.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13613" CreationDate="2015-08-27T15:25:08.160" Score="2" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usa &lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt; en este párrafo? ¿Se podría haber usado &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; o no? Si sí, ¿cuál sería la diferencia? Si no, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si bien las enfermedades infecciosas eran causa común de muerte en la Edad Media, &lt;strong&gt;hubo&lt;/strong&gt; una que marcó récords. Se trataba de la llamada peste negra, que se estima provocó la muerte de entre un tercio y la mitad de los habitantes de Europa durante el medievo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo la diferencia teórica entre los pretéritos indefinido e imperfecto, pero no puedo explicarme cómo funciona la diferencia en este contexto. Lo que me parece muy extraño, según mi entendimiento del asunto, es que siguen hablando de esa enfermedad infecciosa después de haber usado &lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt;. Quizá haya alguien que me pueda explicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9685" LastEditorUserId="9685" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T15:39:07.767" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T15:55:00.250" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;hubo&quot; en este párrafo?" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13612" CreationDate="2015-08-27T15:55:00.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habla el texto de enfermedades que surgían con frecuencia, es decir, habitualmente.  Y después, habla de una sola que surgió (una vez) dentro de unas cuantas que iban surgiendo.  Efectivamente, es una acción que interrumpe otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T15:55:00.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13616" CreationDate="2015-08-27T19:08:34.413" Score="2" ViewCount="874" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is the correct spelling when referring to this food in the singular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9698" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T16:27:53.017" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:17:25.270" Title="Is &quot;tamal&quot; or &quot;tamale&quot; correct when referring to this food in the singular?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13615" CreationDate="2015-08-27T19:22:28.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español se usa &lt;code&gt;tamal&lt;/code&gt;. En el diccionario de la Real Academia Española encontramos &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=tamal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tamal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Especie de empanada de masa de harina de maíz [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lío, embrollo, pastel, intriga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamale&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Tamale&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; es simplemente la voz inglesa para &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;tamal&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. El plural de &lt;code&gt;tamal&lt;/code&gt; es &lt;code&gt;tamales&lt;/code&gt;, por lo que en plural coinciden ambas palabras en español e inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T19:22:28.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13609" CreationDate="2015-08-28T03:54:22.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que no conozco otra forma de nombrarlas, aunque aquí en Sonora nadie le dice &lt;em&gt;papas fritas&lt;/em&gt; a las que vienen en bolsa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente son &lt;em&gt;las papitas&lt;/em&gt; (las de bolsa) o &lt;em&gt;papas&lt;/em&gt; y las &lt;em&gt;papas fritas&lt;/em&gt; son las french fries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9700" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T13:10:54.490" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T13:10:54.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-28T04:36:11.410" Score="3" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;What title should I use for myself if I am unmarried or divorced?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English I use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ms.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, to distinguish that I am not Mrs. (married) nor am I young and never married (Miss).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T10:35:10.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T10:35:10.607" Title="What title should I use for myself if I am unmarried - divorced?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13619" CreationDate="2015-08-28T08:30:07.757" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Señora» &lt;em&gt;(Mrs.)&lt;/em&gt; is nowadays used quite freely when respectfully addressing someone, regardless of the marital status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/senora-o-senorita-373/&quot;&gt;The Fundéu states&lt;/a&gt; that, in commercial and profesional correspondence, the title «señorita» &lt;em&gt;(Miss)&lt;/em&gt; is avoided, but it is still quite rooted in retail and education (even for married women).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually there are still people who will correct you to «señorita» if they are unmarried and you call them «señora», but my perception is that the distinction is falling into disuse, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T08:30:07.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13622" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13652" CreationDate="2015-08-28T10:21:02.410" Score="7" ViewCount="26886" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Tenemos en español alguna palabra que exprese un estado de tristeza y alegría simultáneas? Por ejemplo: un padre en la boda de su hija siente tristeza porque su hija se va, pero también alegría por su nuevo estado. O una estudiante que acaba sus estudios siente a la vez alegría por haberlo logrado y tristeza por dejar las aulas y compañeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me proponía la palabra &lt;em&gt;saudade&lt;/em&gt; que, aunque de origen portugués, está incorporada a nuestra lengua; pero no me acaba de convencer. ¿Alguien tiene otra propuesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T14:01:24.063" Title="Triste y alegre a la vez" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13622" CreationDate="2015-08-28T13:10:15.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi la que más se me acerca es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nostalgia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Según el diccionario de la RAE es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nostalgia: Pena de verse ausente de la patria o de los deudos o amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dices tú, una estudiante que acaba sus estudios siente a la vez alegría por haberlo logrado y tristeza por dejar las aulas y compañeros. ¿En ese caso sentiría nostalgia?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque buscando en foros encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070129141409AAbZvLP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En idioma español quien mas se acerca es el gallego cuando dice &quot;&lt;em&gt;morriña&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero puedo estar equivocado, corregidme si lo estoy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1929" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T13:10:15.247" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13626" CreationDate="2015-08-28T13:19:33.030" Score="6" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to translate &lt;code&gt;That's the one that I eat the chicken with'&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;What I currently have is &lt;code&gt;Esa es la con la que como el pollo&lt;/code&gt;, which doesn't sound right to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I start with the first half of the sentence: &lt;code&gt;That's the sauce that I eat&lt;/code&gt;. I translate this as &lt;code&gt;Esa es la salsa que como&lt;/code&gt; /&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then suppose that we already know that I'm talking about a sauce. I would say in English &lt;code&gt;That's the one (that) I eat&lt;/code&gt;, which I translate to Spanish as &lt;code&gt;Esa es la que como&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the stranded preposition. Take the sentence &lt;code&gt;That's the sauce that I eat the chicken with&lt;/code&gt;. My translation for this is &lt;code&gt;Esa es la salsa con la que como el pollo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then comes the problem. When I want to do both of these processes; ie. refer to the sauce from a previous sentence without saying the noun 'salsa' explicitly, and move in the stranded preposition, I get my sentence from above&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es la con la que como el pollo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the &lt;code&gt;la con la que&lt;/code&gt; doesn't feel right to me. Can anyone help me translate this properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if anyone could tell me what role that chunk is playing in the sentence that would be great too? It's like when we use 'quien' as a relative pronoun, but there's no pronoun so I was a bit stuck for what to call it. Maybe it's a 'relative prepositional phrase' or something...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9024" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T18:35:27.050" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T18:35:27.050" Title="Using article twice when joining two clauses" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13627" CreationDate="2015-08-28T13:24:45.220" Score="5" ViewCount="1842" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que esta pregunta es más sobre español que sobre el cristianismo, así que la hago aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, ya sabemos que por lo general &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13516/9309&quot;&gt;no se usa &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; en Latinoamérica&lt;/a&gt;.  Pero las biblias más populares en Latinoamérica son, sin duda, versiones de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reina-Valera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reina Valera&lt;/a&gt;, particularmente la de 1960, la cual &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romanos+12%3A1&amp;amp;version=RVR1960&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usa &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que hay algunas versiones modernas que usan &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;, pero no son populares. ¿Por qué? Me parece raro que la mayoría de los cristianos latinoamericanos usen una biblia que contiene formas que nunca dirían.  ¿Por qué no han cambiado a una traducción que use &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe this question is more related to Spanish than Christianity, so I'll ask it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, we know that &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is generally not used in Latin America.  But, the most popular bibles in Latin America are easily versions of the Reina Valera, particularly the 1960 version, which uses &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that there are several modern versions that use &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;, but they aren't popular.  Why not?  It seems strange to me that the majority of Latin American Christians use a bible that contains word forms that they would never speak.  Why have they not changed to a translation that uses &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T02:22:08.470" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;vosotros&quot; en biblias latinoamericanas?" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13624" CreationDate="2015-08-28T14:30:23.117" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have several constructions that can translate your sentence, &lt;em&gt;That's the one that I eat the chicken with&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es con esa que me como el pollo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esa es con la que me como el pollo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es con esa con la que me como el pollo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esa es con la que me como el pollo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the most grammatically correct is the first one, but I'd say the other three constructions are more usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T14:30:23.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13625" CreationDate="2015-08-28T16:42:02.230" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In part, tradition. It's what people are used to hearing. To a large extent, consider the situation with English. Many people still use the KJV — it very nicely maintains distinction between singular and plural in the second person that are lost in modern translations and is still readily readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; use can provide a level of distinction, though different. For example, when Jesus broke bread with his disciples, if we hear &quot;Tomad y comed&quot;, we infer a closeness (versus the distant &lt;em&gt;tomen y coman&lt;/em&gt;) that would be lost in using only &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My church uses readings from an &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; only bible, though the liturgy itself maintains &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, so this is mainly conjecture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-01-27T21:46:05.560" LastActivityDate="2020-01-27T21:46:05.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13629" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:04:03.947" Score="2" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't seem to find an obvious choice by browsing product literature, which is my usual tactic. This is the concept I want a Spanish word for: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunnage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunnage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9704" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T06:46:56.180" Title="What is the proper translation for 'Dunnage', from English" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13629" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:17:35.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia itself has a link to the spanish translation: &quot;Embalaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T19:17:35.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13629" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:17:37.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish for &lt;code&gt;dunnage&lt;/code&gt; seems to be &lt;code&gt;embalaje&lt;/code&gt;. Both &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embalaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=dunnage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; seems to translate it as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the context provided&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;inexpensive or waste material used to load and secure cargo during transportation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;embalaje&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;envoltorio&lt;/code&gt; would work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;recipiente o envoltura que contiene productos de manera temporal principalmente para agrupar unidades de un producto pensando en su manipulación, transporte y almacenaje&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could even be &lt;code&gt;relleno&lt;/code&gt; if you are referring to the padding that sometimes is added to protect cargo (the &lt;em&gt;foam&lt;/em&gt; that sometimes we call &quot;corchopan&quot; in Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T19:26:56.140" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T19:26:56.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13622" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:19:20.563" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría &quot;tener un sentimiento agridulce&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T19:19:20.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13629" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:29:29.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede traducir como &lt;code&gt;material de relleno&lt;/code&gt; o, en el caso de cargas, también &lt;code&gt;material de aseguramiento&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T19:29:29.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13609" CreationDate="2015-08-29T04:04:08.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosa pregunta y habría que agregar una etiqueta para indicar que depende de la región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda mi vida he estado acostumbrado a &quot;un paquete de papas/papitas&quot; para hacer referencia a las industriales. Que pueden venir en tajadas (chip) o en fosforito (palitos muy delgados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las caseras simplemente son papitas fritas, que pueden ser: a la francesa ( cortes largos y gruesos), tajada (chip) o fosforito. Hay otras papas que son pequeñas, papas criollas, que se fríen/ cocinan y se comen enteras (papitas criollas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a como referirse para comprar papas crudas, es por unidad de peso (2 kilos de papa, una libra de papa criolla, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: de Antioquia, Colombia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9394" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T04:04:08.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13629" CreationDate="2015-08-29T06:46:56.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are probably at the top of the taxonomic tree, why not name it with the common function?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the sub branches refer to material used to just fill the spaces, maybe «relleno» can fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Protección», «acolchado» or «amortiguación» if the case is to avoid damage or even (specially the latter two) movement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the taxon is very broad and there are branches of everything, just «embalaje» should do, if there are no separate taxons dedicated to packaging in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T06:46:56.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17230" CreationDate="2015-08-29T11:36:40.697" Score="8" ViewCount="15939" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España con frecuencia se dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;se te va la olla&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;se te va la pinza&quot;&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que estás actuando de un modo algo irracional. Para mí, también tiene un componente divertido, por lo que es más suave que decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;estás loco&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sansuavizante.es/de-donde-viene-se-te-va-la-pinza/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿De dónde viene “se te va la pinza”?&lt;/a&gt; dice que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y hasta la Real Academia de la Lengua Española (RAE) me dio otra&#xA;  visión de su origen: “no hemos encontrado ninguna explicación relativa&#xA;  a una anécdota concreta para esta expresión, propia del español&#xA;  peninsular moderno y perteneciente al registro coloquial e informal.&#xA;  Puede entenderse como metafórica, en el sentido de que las pinzas&#xA;  sirven para hacer las conexiones necesarias para que algo funcione, de&#xA;  modo que al irse la pinza se pierde la conexión y el sujeto hace&#xA;  locuras o se comporta de forma anómala”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta incertidumbre respecto al origen de la expresión &quot;irse la pinza&quot; me hace preguntar: ¿se conoce alguna otra explicación histórica de esta expresión? ¿es realmente el origen de &quot;irse la olla&quot; el que menciona el artículo arriba mencionado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además: se usa en España, pero ¿también en Latinoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T11:11:41.097" LastActivityDate="2020-02-10T23:17:42.437" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;irse la olla&quot; o &quot;irse la pinza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-08-29T16:22:01.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Puerto Rico tanto a las habichuelas como a los frijoles tambien le decimos &lt;code&gt;Granos&lt;/code&gt;. Generalmente le decimos &lt;code&gt;frijoles&lt;/code&gt; solo a las negras. Al resto, &lt;code&gt;habichuelas&lt;/code&gt;. A las verdes en su vaina le decimos &lt;code&gt;tiernas&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9709" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T18:40:13.957" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T18:40:13.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8775" CreationDate="2015-08-29T19:14:23.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the book uses the verb &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt;, then it's very likely in European Spanish (unless the texts are of, ahem, a rather specific nature).&#xA;American Spanish would use &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9711" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T19:14:23.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13642" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13644" CreationDate="2015-08-30T00:16:31.667" Score="5" ViewCount="13165" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si vas por la calle de una gran ciudad, normalmente de noche, siempre encuentras a algún joven que te da unas cartulinas pequeñas con información de discotecas, bares, etc. donde pasar un rato. A veces, la tarjeta incluso contiene algún descuento o promoción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A eso le llamamos con la palabra inglesa &lt;strong&gt;&quot;flyer&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto: ¿existe alguna palabra castellano que lo traduzca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia menciona &lt;em&gt;&quot;volante&quot;&lt;/em&gt; pero es algo que nunca oí en este contexto (suena a algo médico). También pensé en &lt;em&gt;&quot;panfleto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, pero el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=nWczYpACpDXX2uiZlXul&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE me dice que&lt;/a&gt; esto se refiere a &lt;em&gt;&quot;Libelo difamatorio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;Opúsculo de carácter agresivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2019-10-02T00:52:45.227" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;flyer&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2015-08-30T02:38:54.310" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina la traducción más general de &lt;em&gt;flyer&lt;/em&gt; es, efectivamente, &lt;em&gt;volante&lt;/em&gt;. El término se usa tanto para propaganda política como comercial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en general, un volante es de papel, no de cartulina. Los materiales que describes invitando a discotecas se llaman simplemente &lt;em&gt;tarjetas&lt;/em&gt;, y quienes las reparten &lt;em&gt;tarjeteros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-08-30T02:38:54.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2015-08-30T06:55:40.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya he insinuado en el comentario a la pregunta, ninguna traducción me satisface. No porque me suenen mal, sino porque a veces para traducir hay que pensar en el efecto que producimos sobre el interlocutor. Si hablamos de &lt;em&gt;flyers&lt;/em&gt; de discoteca, cualquier otra palabra que no sea esa va a generar más miradas raras que verdadera comunicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho eso, he aquí la postura de la Fundéu, que básicamente se puede resumir en «depende»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[C]on toda propiedad se puede traducir con el español «volante», sin&#xA;  que pierda nada de su esencia. En algunos países le llaman «suelto» a&#xA;  esa página que antes en propaganda se conoció como «mariposa». En&#xA;  algunos casos es más que un simple volante y se convierte en un&#xA;  «folleto», que es la traducción para la voz del francés que se citó en&#xA;  el segundo párrafo de esta sección. En algunos casos se puede utilizar&#xA;  la palabra «prospecto» para expresar mejor el concepto. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/de-palabra-en-palabra-suquet-3739/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«[O]ctavilla» o «folleto», mejor que «flyer»  (o «panfleto» si tiene&#xA;  sentido difamatorio). (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/fundeu/status/74449880743022592&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T15:33:15.333" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T15:33:15.333" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13645" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13647" CreationDate="2015-08-30T15:09:27.260" Score="6" ViewCount="8759" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my reading, I've run across several forms of &amp;quot;se trata de&amp;quot;, and dictionaries haven't been much help. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;eran todos hombres libres y &lt;strong&gt;se trataba de&lt;/strong&gt; un feudo feliz y prospero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;si &lt;strong&gt;se trata de&lt;/strong&gt; una cuestión de reconquistar las tres islas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aquello sucedía porque había olvidado por un momento que &lt;strong&gt;se trataba de&lt;/strong&gt; un juego de ajedrez y pensaba en una auténtica batalla y hacía que el caballo actuara como sin duda él lo haría de estar en su lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one might mean something like &amp;quot;enjoyed&amp;quot;, and the second &amp;quot;pertains to&amp;quot;. The third one escapes me entirely. Is there a simple meaning that encompasses all the ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2041" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T21:39:51.373" Title="What does &quot;se trata de&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13646" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-30T15:24:59.767" Score="4" ViewCount="2340" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando una palabra o grupo de palabras que describa la sensación que uno tiene cuando está al borde de una aventura (léase tirarse en paracaídas o internarse intrépidamente en la selva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apreciaría evitar &quot;adrenalina&quot; ya que la he usado varias veces en el texto y no quiero repetirla. Tampoco me parece que sea la palabra más adecuada. Uno no &quot;siente la adrenalina aumentando&quot;, la adrenalina es una hormona no un sentimiento, preferiría palabras que tengan que ver con sentimientos. Busco algo que amalgame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;emoción/misterio/aventura/curiosidad/incertidumbre&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T15:54:03.130" LastActivityDate="2018-10-09T05:55:33.300" Title="¿Cómo describir una &quot;sensación de aventura&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2015-08-30T16:46:09.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No veo discordancia entre las tres oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se trata de&quot; es usado para decir algo así como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Las condiciones eran tales que _______&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo ejemplo se le agrega un condicional adelante (&quot;si...&quot;). De este modo, &quot;si se dieran las condiciones __________&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general diría que se usa para dar contexto sobre algo. &lt;strong&gt;¿De qué se trata esto? can go into ¿What is this about/How does this work/What are the conditions for this to be like ___?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, una obra &quot;se trata de&quot; un amor entre dos jóvenes de familias enemistadas (Romeo y Julieta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-08-30T16:46:09.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-30T18:28:48.847" Score="2" ViewCount="804" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how do people say &quot;lay on one side&quot; in Spanish. I need it as an imperative to use at gym or something(not while you're sleeping).&#xA;I searched &quot;tumbarse a un lado&quot; but couldn't find any specific result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9716" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-30T18:38:40.513" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T11:00:37.140" Title="How to say &quot;lay on one side&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13648" CreationDate="2015-08-30T18:38:23.413" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use different approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tumbarse de lado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tumbarse del lado derecho / izquierdo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acostarse de lado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acostarse del lado derecho / izquierdo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;acostarse&quot; has the connotation of laying for a long time, you can also use the verb &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=PhO77IXJkDXX2vNfy4MN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recostar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;Acostarse durante un breve período de tiempo&lt;/em&gt; - laying for a short period which is more related to what you would do in a gym.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an imperative it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Túmbate (tú) / túmbese (usted) / tumbaos (vosotros) ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acuéstate / acuéstese / acostaos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recuéstate / recuéstese / recostaos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T11:00:37.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13646" CreationDate="2015-08-30T19:35:45.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si amalgama todas, pero todas ellas provocan &lt;em&gt;anticipación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://kliquers.org/tutores/plutchik/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;teoría de Plutchik&lt;/a&gt;, es una emoción de las ocho primarias y es la que nos compele a explorar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T08:05:42.280" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T08:05:42.280" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2015-08-30T23:16:00.620" Score="-2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Attempt / Try / Strive&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When &lt;code&gt;tratar&lt;/code&gt; is used with the preposition &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; it means, more or less, to try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not just to try, but rather to strive for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are taking a course in school, then the teacher will be striving to teach the students.  The teacher is all about the teaching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When an artist is working on a painting and someone asks him:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are you making?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are you doing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are you &lt;em&gt;trying&lt;/em&gt; to do?&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does it mean?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask an author what they're working about you might ask him something like, &amp;quot;What is it going to be about?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What follows after the &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; can be a verb or a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When a noun is used then it would translate to something like 'it's about ...'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De&lt;/strong&gt; qué tratas / What are you trying to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trato &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; hacer mi tarea. / I'm trying to do my homework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro trata &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; contaminación / The book is about pollution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was talking to someone in Mexico once about an essay that I was working on.  She then asked me &lt;code&gt;¿De qué tratas?&lt;/code&gt;  She was asking me what I was writing about and what I was striving for at the same time in only three words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿De qué tratas?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-30T23:33:56.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13622" CreationDate="2015-08-31T02:09:49.383" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, como bien han mencionado ya antes(Envite), &lt;code&gt;&quot;tener un sentimiento agridulce&quot;&lt;/code&gt; me parece la frase mas acertada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me gustaría añadir que, si bien dicha frase se puede utilizar para acciones en tiempo presente, existe una palabra que define muy bien ese doble sentimiento en tiempo pasado: &lt;code&gt;melancolía&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lamenteesmaravillosa.com/melancolia-la-felicidad-de-estar-triste/&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; puedes encontrar una explicación más amplia para definir la melancolía. Del enlace anterior, cito textualmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dice Víctor Hugo que “la melancolía es la felicidad de estar triste”.&#xA;  Lo cierto es que cuando nos sentimos melancólicos nuestro estado de&#xA;  ánimo suele asociarse a la tristeza, aunque lo que estamos  recordando&#xA;  sean buenos momentos del pasado. La melancolía sin memoria no es&#xA;  posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T02:09:49.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13654" CreationDate="2015-08-31T02:50:27.470" Score="4" ViewCount="1064" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am trying to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mathematics is a very interesting subject&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of these would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Matemáticas son muy interesantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Matemáticas es muy interesante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Matemática es muy interesante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found conflicting answers online as to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3080" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T21:24:01.657" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T21:24:01.657" Title="Matemáticas o Matemática" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13653" CreationDate="2015-08-31T03:18:59.853" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE, you can use either &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=matem%C3%A1tica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Matemática&lt;/a&gt; or Matemáticas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use your sentence in Spanish as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las Matemáticas son muy interesantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T03:18:59.853" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13653" CreationDate="2015-08-31T08:57:14.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/13654/1674&quot;&gt;dice Jose María&lt;/a&gt;, ambas opciones son válidas. Sin embargo, el propio Diccionario de la RAE explicita que la forma plural es más usada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/matem%C3%A1tica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matemática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. mathematĭca, y este del gr. τὰ μαθηματικά, der. de μάθημα,&#xA;  conocimiento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ciencia deductiva que estudia las propiedades de los entes abstractos, como números, figuras geométricas o símbolos, y sus&#xA;  relaciones. &lt;strong&gt;U. m. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es, &quot;utilizado más en plural con el mismo significado que en singular&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia incide en este hecho en la sección de Etimología de su &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1ticas#Etimolog.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo &quot;Matemáticas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma más usada es el plural matemáticas, que tiene el mismo&#xA;  significado que el singular y viene de la forma latina &lt;em&gt;mathematica&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Cicerón), basada en el plural en griego &lt;em&gt;τα μαθηματικά&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ta&#xA;  mathēmatiká&lt;/em&gt;), usada por Aristóteles y que significa, a grandes&#xA;  rasgos, «todas las cosas matemáticas»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto las frases que sugieres, en todas ellas debes añadir el artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las&lt;/em&gt; Matemáticas ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T13:11:09.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15152" CreationDate="2015-08-31T13:28:49.287" Score="7" ViewCount="2815" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual que &quot;antro&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3148/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es el origen de la palabra &amp;#39;antro&amp;#39;?&lt;/a&gt;), &quot;garito&quot; se utiliza mucho para definir un lugar de ocio, normalmente bar, de no muy buena fama pero con buen ambiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por curiosidad he mirado en el DRAE su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=cL0fgOmrnDXX2yPBe8aa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De garita).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Casa clandestina donde juegan los tahúres o fulleros.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ganancia que se saca de la casa del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Establecimiento de diversión, especialmente el de mala fama.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. germ. casa (‖ edificio para habitar).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la sorpresa me ha venido al ver que procede de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=DdhGnUxR2DXX2NM1EmQR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;garita&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Torre pequeña de fábrica o de madera fuerte, con ventanillas largas y estrechas, que se coloca en los puntos salientes de las&#xA;  fortificaciones para abrigo y defensa de los centinelas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que me surge la duda: ¿cómo evolucionó &quot;garita&quot; hasta &quot;garito&quot; para significar algo supuestamente tan diferente? ¿Se entendería que las garitas se convirtieron en lugar de ocio, pecado y diversión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T10:12:20.373" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;garito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13658" CreationDate="2015-08-31T15:30:37.443" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it's &quot;proceso de fabricación por unidad&quot;, but I don't know if this it's correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to translate the paper's title this is what I guess: &quot;Una representación del conocimiento para el proceso de fabricación por unidad&quot;&#xA;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00170-014-5864-x#page-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9581" LastEditorUserId="9581" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T15:41:00.413" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T16:53:06.893" Title="How can I translate &quot;Unit Manufacturing Processes&quot; to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13657" CreationDate="2015-08-31T15:46:30.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title you want to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A knowledge representation for unit manufacturing processes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manufacturing&lt;/strong&gt; can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fabricación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;producción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manufactura (the supposedly more direct translation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, &lt;strong&gt;unit processes&lt;/strong&gt; would sound good as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;procesos unitarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en/por unidades&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So all together I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Representación del conocimiento de los procesos de fabricación por&#xA;  unidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T15:46:30.107" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13657" CreationDate="2015-08-31T16:53:06.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading the paper i found that the correct translation would be something like: &quot;Representación del conocimiento de los procesos de producción unitarios&quot; or &quot;Representación del conocimiento de los procesos unitarios de producción&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the paper: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The manufacturing process of a mechanical product usually consists&#xA;  of a series of sequenced individual operations. Each operation is&#xA;  known as a unit manufacturing process, such as casting, turning, and&#xA;  surface treatment. For brevity, in this paper they are referred to as&#xA;  unit processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9581" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T16:53:06.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13661" CreationDate="2015-09-01T13:55:37.803" Score="2" ViewCount="1479" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sé las principales diferencias entre &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;tuyo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;mío&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esto es tu perro&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Este perro es tuyo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no soy seguro del uso de éstos pronombres en siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tu/Tuya proposición es muy interesante&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que correcta es la primera opción, pero la segunda también suena bien a mi.&#xA;Estaría agradecido por vuestra ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T13:59:30.167" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T14:09:17.323" Title="Tu proposición vs. tuya proposición" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13660" CreationDate="2015-09-01T14:09:17.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas las proposiciones recibidas, hemos elegido &lt;strong&gt;la tuya&lt;/strong&gt;, porque era la mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; De todas las proposiciones recibidas, hemos elegido &lt;strong&gt;tu proposición&lt;/strong&gt;, porque era la mejor. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso &lt;strong&gt;tuya&lt;/strong&gt; sustituye a &amp;quot;proposición&amp;quot;. Este pronombre debe concordar en género con aquello a lo que sustituye y por eso decimos &amp;quot;tuya&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;tuyo&amp;quot; (si estuviésemos hablando de un coche diríamos &amp;quot;el &lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt; es el mejor&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tu&lt;/strong&gt; proposición era la mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este segundo caso no usamos un pronombre. &amp;quot;Tu&amp;quot; no se está refiriendo a &amp;quot;proposición&amp;quot;, se está refiriendo a que tú lo tienes. En este caso lo que tienes es un &lt;em&gt;posesivo&lt;/em&gt; (mi, tu, su,...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T14:09:17.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13663" CreationDate="2015-09-01T15:31:47.803" Score="5" ViewCount="17109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me pareció chocante el hecho que la RAE introdujera &quot;güisqui&quot; en su diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=iBUwI7UXXDXX2oqN8Mzx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güisqui&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ingl. whisky, y este del gaélico uisce beatha, agua de vida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Licor alcohólico que se obtiene del grano de algunas plantas, destilando un compuesto amiláceo en estado de fermentación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que a su vez es enlazado desde la también aceptada &quot;whisky&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=TDlsr5QGIDXX2GC8Q91C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;whisky&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. güisqui.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué patrón se siguió en este caso? ¿Por qué por ejemplo no aceptaron &quot;football&quot; y simplemente existe &quot;futbol&quot; / &quot;fútbol&quot;? ¿Subyace alguna norma para estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T01:38:12.073" Title="¿Por qué tenemos &quot;whisky&quot; y &quot;güisqui&quot; en el DRAE pero en otros casos no?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13662" CreationDate="2015-09-02T01:38:12.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante. Después de leer el apartado del DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot;&gt;tratamiento de los extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt;, podría resumir que, la palabra &lt;code&gt;whisky&lt;/code&gt; ha sido incorporada al diccionario con su grafía original ya que en Español no existe un equivalente que la sustituya completamente. Se añade además &lt;code&gt;güisqui&lt;/code&gt; como sugerencia de grafía adaptada al Español, mientras la pronunciación es la misma que la de la palabra original. En el caso de la palabra &lt;code&gt;football&lt;/code&gt;, existe en Español, por uso extendido y popularidad, la palabra &lt;code&gt;fútbol&lt;/code&gt;, que sustituye a la original completamente, por lo tanto el extranjerismo original no es incluido en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T01:38:12.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2015-09-02T12:05:02.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a difference between &quot;tratar&quot; and &quot;tratarse&quot;. &quot;tratarse&quot; means &quot;be&quot;, more or less. In English it would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eran todos hombres libres y se trataba de un feudo feliz y prospero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There were all free men and it was a happy and prosper land. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si se trata de una cuestión de reconquistar las tres islas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's a question of retaking the three islands&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;había olvidado por un momento que se trataba de un juego de ajedrez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;he had forgotten for a moment that it was a chess game.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9731" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T12:14:40.727" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T12:14:40.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13665" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13666" CreationDate="2015-09-02T13:29:24.643" Score="2" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you translate &lt;code&gt;PEOPLE - PLACE - TIME&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish but in a business context? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that PEOPLE = GENTE, PLACE = LUGAR/ESPACIO, TIME = TIEMPO. However, I want synonyms for this in a business context to write it in a business document for Latin American people. I am looking for something catchy and impacting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T12:49:35.547" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T12:49:35.547" Title="Translation for &quot;People - Place - Time&quot; for a slogan in a business context" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13665" CreationDate="2015-09-02T13:43:14.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would favor &lt;code&gt;asistentes&lt;/code&gt; or even &lt;code&gt;audiencia&lt;/code&gt; over &quot;gente&quot; for &lt;code&gt;people&lt;/code&gt;. Without more context is difficult to give you a better word, since it's impossible to know for sure what you really want to convey. If you are going to use it as a slogan &lt;code&gt;personas&lt;/code&gt; should convey more than &lt;code&gt;gente&lt;/code&gt; that you are trying to create meaningful links with people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;place&lt;/code&gt; I would rather use &lt;code&gt;lugar&lt;/code&gt;, which sound pretty generic and neutral rather than &lt;code&gt;espacio&lt;/code&gt;. You could say that barely anything is a &lt;code&gt;lugar&lt;/code&gt; but you won't describe everything as a &lt;code&gt;espacio&lt;/code&gt;. A room in a building or even some place outdoors can be considered &lt;code&gt;lugar&lt;/code&gt;, but I would be less prone describe them as &lt;code&gt;espacios&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;time&lt;/code&gt; don't use &lt;code&gt;tiempo&lt;/code&gt;. Could be the most accurate translation, but you would be better off using &quot;fecha/hora&quot;. I understand that this is more like &quot;date&quot;, but if you want to tell people when something is going to happen don't use &lt;code&gt;tiempo&lt;/code&gt;. Use &lt;code&gt;duración&lt;/code&gt; if you are referring to the length in time of the event and &quot;fecha/hora&lt;code&gt;for the date-time.&lt;/code&gt;Tiempo` used just like that, does not recall &quot;when something is going to happen&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T14:00:12.713" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T14:00:12.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2015-09-02T13:46:03.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se trata de&lt;/em&gt; means 'is about' or 'it's about' depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se trata de historias de terror (it's about horror stories)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se trata de un hombre feliz (it's about a happy man)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9732" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T13:50:07.173" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T13:50:07.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13603" CreationDate="2015-09-02T14:00:55.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto, en el contexto descrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la palabra '&lt;strong&gt;dormía&lt;/strong&gt;' es la conjugacion del verbo dormir en &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; y es comunmente usado para referenciar la acción del verbo dormir  que se hacia repetitivamente en el pasado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;dormí&lt;/strong&gt; es la conjugacion del verbo dormir en &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simpl&lt;/em&gt;e y es comunmente utilizada para referenciar un solo evento del verbo dormir que se realizo en el pasado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9732" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T14:00:55.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13669" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13674" CreationDate="2015-09-02T14:45:01.817" Score="5" ViewCount="26640" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me gustó la canción de Mano Negra &quot;Bala perdida&quot; de su fantástico disco &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_Babylon&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Casa Babylon&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ella, se oye en algún momento una frase que siempre me generó curiosidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien a hierro mata a hierro termina...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googleando esta frase me encuentro que probablemente proviene de la canción &lt;a href=&quot;http://genius.com/Ruben-blades-pedro-navaja-lyrics/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Pedro Navaja&quot; de Rubén Blades&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda más extensiva me lleva a encontrar referencias a otra expresión similar &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, que &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=59343&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Centro Virtual Cervantes describe&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Significado: Por lo general, uno recibe o experimenta el mismo daño&#xA;  que hizo a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, sigue pareciéndome una expresión rara en todos los casos, de formación extraña y difícil de interpretar. ¿A qué frase original puede referirse que con el tiempo se ha ido &lt;em&gt;acortando&lt;/em&gt; hasta llegar a la forma actual? ¿Qué simboliza &quot;hierro&quot; en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-02-14T23:15:19.407" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere / termina&quot;?" Tags="&lt;refranes&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13671" CreationDate="2015-09-02T14:52:07.687" Score="4" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title &lt;em&gt;Windows 10 para Tontos&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit harsh to me. Is there a different, more polite way to say &lt;em&gt;Windows 10 for Dummies&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título &lt;em&gt;Windows 10 para Tontos&lt;/em&gt; me suena un poco áspero. ¿Existe otra forma (más educada, más suave) de decir &lt;em&gt;Windows 10 for Dummies&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9734" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T11:46:17.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T11:46:17.103" Title="How to translate &quot;for dummies&quot; to something more polite than &quot;para tontos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13670" CreationDate="2015-09-02T14:54:34.323" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &quot;tontos&quot; is not a word you would tell to somebody you want to sell a book :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;para principiantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;code&gt;principiante&lt;/code&gt;is a word you can find in the DRAE meaning &quot;beginner&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=xQFoxz3lqDXX2Cd4gLgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;principiante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ant. part. act. de principiar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que principia. U. m. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que empieza a estudiar, aprender o ejercer un oficio, arte, facultad o profesión. U. m. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this collection of books has been published in Spanish with the &quot;para dummies&quot; text in their title. See the article in Wikipedia about them: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_dummies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Para dummies&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the &lt;em&gt;tontos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;idiotas&lt;/em&gt; debate is vivid in comments. Nice! To add to the debate, I recall reading some books &lt;strong&gt;para torpes&lt;/strong&gt;, that had a funny approach together with images by the famous cartoonist &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forges&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Antonio Fraguas, &lt;em&gt;Forges&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. You can see the collection in: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librosparatorpes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Libros para torpes&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;em&gt;torpes&lt;/em&gt; has a funny connotation as somebody who is not very skilled, even though he/she tries hard. In the early days of Internet, these kind of books were very successful as they would explain the basic concepts in a very easy way, so people could catch up the brand new technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T08:43:03.433" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13670" CreationDate="2015-09-02T14:54:52.920" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;These books are actually translated as &lt;code&gt;XXX para dummies&lt;/code&gt;. For example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0470523999&quot;&gt;Windows Para Dummies&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right to suspect that calling someone &lt;code&gt;tonto&lt;/code&gt; is not a good marketing strategy, even if is for a book targeted to people with basic or inexitent understanding on a topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T14:54:52.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2015-09-02T17:26:13.313" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de la expresión «quien a X mata, a X muere» es mencionado en el siguiente pasaje bíblico &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026:52&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mt 26:52&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero uno de los que estaban con Jesús, extendiendo la mano, sacó su espada, e hiriendo a un siervo del sumo sacerdote, le quitó la oreja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entonces Jesús le dijo:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Vuelve tu espada a su lugar; porque todos los que tomen espada, a espada perecerán.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras traducciones se hizo uso de la &lt;s&gt;metáfora&lt;/s&gt; sinécdoque del hierro que bien explica @Diego. Al seleccionar el enlace puedes ir usando el selector al lado de «search» para ver diferentes traducciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El original griego usa μάχαιράν, que es, efectivamente, una espada corta o daga, usada para apuñalar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T10:40:08.707" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2015-09-02T17:34:28.803" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este refrán viene del latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qui gladio &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ferio#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ferit&lt;/a&gt; gladio &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pereo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perit&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien con espada hiere, por espada muere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El que con una espada gana su vida, también con la misma arma la pierde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;gladio&lt;/em&gt; es en el caso ablativo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gladius#Inflection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gladius&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: quiere decir &lt;em&gt;con espada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-16T06:33:03.793" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T06:33:03.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T00:47:41.837" Score="4" ViewCount="405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently translating the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/help/whats-beta&quot;&gt;What does &quot;beta&quot; mean?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; page in response to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2442/12&quot;&gt;this meta question&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;improvements to my translation are encouraged!&lt;/em&gt;), and came across the following phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What’s the “elevator pitch” for our site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best, most idiomatic way to translate the concept of a short, one-sentence description of something?  For the moment, I simply used Google Translate's literal suggestion of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el &quot;discurso del ascensor&quot; para nuestro sitio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not convinced that Google understands the real meaning here, or that this is a proper translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T02:39:11.510" Title="Idiomatic translation of &quot;elevator pitch&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-09-03T15:51:23.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13676" CreationDate="2015-09-03T01:06:40.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Discurso&lt;/code&gt; refers more to a speech rather than a presentation. An &lt;code&gt;elevator pitch&lt;/code&gt; doesn't necessarily has to be a one-sentence description, as long as it stays short(up to 2 minutes for example), it works. &#xA;I believe that, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;presentación de ascensor/elevador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be better than &lt;code&gt;discurso del ascensor&lt;/code&gt;, since what you are aiming for with it is to present/offer something to a potential customer in business talking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T01:06:40.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13676" CreationDate="2015-09-03T02:11:07.300" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Idioms have a strong cultural background so they should not be literally translated. Instead, the translator should use a similar idiom in Spanish, but also could be considered an adage or proverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the context is a business setting where one find a pretty busy VIP, so you have less than two minutes to catch the VIP attention. One alternative could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de forma breve y directa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complete phrase could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma breve y directa, ¿cuál sería la razón de ser de nuestro sitio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9624" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T02:28:14.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13676" CreationDate="2015-09-03T02:16:27.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't like &quot;discurso del ascensor&quot; either, but it is actually what it is used (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.infoempleo.com/blog/2013/08/26/elevator-pitch/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;one example&lt;/a&gt;).  I bet that the anglicism &quot;elevator pitch&quot; is used more often, instead of the translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no expression to convey the same in Spanish, meaning &quot;really brief and to-the-point description of something, like if you met important in the elevator and you had only the 30 seconds it takes to get to their floor to shell your product or idea&quot;, so a direct translation is forced (&lt;code&gt;discurso del ascensor&lt;/code&gt;) or the anglicism &lt;code&gt;elevator pitch&lt;/code&gt; is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T02:39:11.510" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T02:39:11.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T13:24:38.193" Score="15" ViewCount="19749" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día, resolviendo con los compañeros de trabajo una serie de problemas, me vino a la cabeza la expresión &lt;code&gt;Thinking out of the box&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thinking_outside_the_box&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;thinking outside the box&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). Esta expresión viene a significar que debes pensar de una manera distinta, no convencional para resolver un problema. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me di cuenta de que esta es una de esas expresiones que estoy tan acostumbrado a oirlas en inglés que no sé (si es que lo hay) un equivalente en español. No sé si se fuerza una traducción directa tipo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensar &quot;fuera de la caja&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o si se usan otros modismos tipo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensar de &quot;manera &lt;strong&gt;rompedora&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (o &lt;em&gt;novedosa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;creativa&lt;/em&gt;,...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre se pueden buscar otras palabras para definirlo, como &quot;nueva perspectiva&quot;, &quot;pensamiento creativo&quot;, &quot;pensamiento innovador&quot;, etc. pero que no recogen del todo bien el significado de la expresión (podríamos usar esos términos para cosas que no fuesen necesariamente &quot;out of the box&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si la expresión en sí tiene equivalente en español, ya sea bien otro modismo o la traducción directa. Un paseo por google y ciertos sitios &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/think+out+of+the+box.html&quot;&gt;no ha arrojado demasiada luz&lt;/a&gt; sobre el tema. Sé que existen términos como &lt;code&gt;pensamiento lateral&lt;/code&gt;, pero este es por supuesto la traducción directa de &lt;code&gt;lateral thinking&lt;/code&gt; (y supongo que es lo mismo para &lt;code&gt;pensamiento expansivo&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un equivalente (traducción literal o modismo) para &lt;code&gt;thinking out of the box&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T13:30:37.260" LastActivityDate="2019-10-11T16:55:47.913" Title="¿Cuál es una traducción apropiada para &quot;Thinking out of the box&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13682" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:07:46.820" Score="5" ViewCount="5378" Body="&lt;p&gt;De golpe me vino a la cabeza la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;compuesto y sin novia&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (con todas sus posibles combinaciones de &quot;compuesto/a&quot;, &quot;novio/a&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;Abecedario de dichos y frases hechas&quot; de Guillermo Suazo Pascual (consultado vía Google Books) lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se emplea para señalar que no se ha logrado lo que se deseaba después&#xA;  de muchos preparativos, porque algo ha fallado en el último momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver, se aplica a las mujeres porque eran las más&#xA;  abandonadas en el altar, aunque se utiliza referida a situaciones en&#xA;  la que los implicados son hombres o mujeres indistintamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado es claro: estar preparado para algo para que en el último momento falle y uno se quede sin nada. Ahora, me pregunto: ¿a qué se refiere &quot;compuesto&quot; exactamente? La RAE menciona muestra diferentes acepciones para dicha palabra...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=fI2tR6J3xDXX2xbjCXW9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compuesto, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del part. irreg. de componer; lat. composĭtus, part. de componĕre,&#xA;  componer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Mesurado, circunspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Bot. Se dice de las plantas angiospermas, dicotiledóneas, hierbas, arbustos y algunos árboles, que se distinguen por sus hojas&#xA;  simples o sencillas, y por sus flores reunidas en cabezuelas sobre un&#xA;  receptáculo común; p. ej., la dalia, la pataca, el ajenjo, el alazor,&#xA;  la alcachofa y el cardo. U. t. c. s. f.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Gram. Dicho de un vocablo: Formado por composición de dos o más voces simples; p. ej., cortaplumas, vaivén.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Agregado de varias cosas que componen un todo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Quím. cuerpo compuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. pl. Bot. Familia de las plantas compuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguno de ellas para mí tiene relación con &quot;preparado&quot; o un significado similar al que la expresión sugiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:16:00.913" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;compuesto&quot; en la expresión &quot;compuesto y sin novia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13681" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:15:24.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me quedo con la acepción número 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m. Agregado de varias cosas que componen un todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino a alguien &lt;strong&gt;plantado en el altar&lt;/strong&gt;. Tiene ahí a todos los invitados, al cura, el padrino, los anillos, el traje de boda, el catering está preparado para después de la ceremonia... pero a pesar de tener todo eso falla (o falta) lo fundamental (la novia) y es imposible seguir adelante. Por tanto &quot;no se ha logrado lo que se deseaba después de muchos preparativos, porque algo ha fallado en el último momento.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Compuesto&quot; se referiría a todos esos preparativos que son necesarios (componen el &quot;todo&quot; de la boda) y lo de la &quot;novia&quot; es obvio. Sin novia, no hay boda, auqnue tengas todo lo demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:15:24.847" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13684" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:57:43.120" Score="4" ViewCount="49851" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve componiendo algunos poemas. Sin embargo, cuando intento completar el siguiente poema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su _________ de mujer,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inquietó todo mi ser,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto, que no pude creer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo fácil que es en el amor caer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro difícil seleccionar una de las siguientes palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Olor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aroma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fragancia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando una explicación sobre ¿cuál es la palabra más adecuada para referirse a un olor o fragancia agradable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nota: las respuestas no tienen porqué estar limitadas a la composición de poemas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-05-20T19:40:39.097" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra más adecuada para referirse a un olor o fragancia agradable?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13683" CreationDate="2015-09-03T15:06:09.170" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo descartaría &lt;code&gt;olor&lt;/code&gt;, porque este puede ser tanto bueno como malo. &lt;code&gt;Aroma&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;fragancia&lt;/code&gt; tienen ambas por el contrario connotaciones sólo positivas de acuerdo al DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=rIxPEzMduDXX2sEdCflQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aroma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perfume, olor muy agradable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=fragancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fragancia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Olor suave y delicioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la definición de &lt;code&gt;aroma&lt;/code&gt; encontramos &lt;strong&gt;perfume&lt;/strong&gt; que también cualifica bastante bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;perfume&lt;/strong&gt; de mujer,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;queda bastante bien, pero tiene cierta connotación de &quot;artificial&quot;. Es decir, ella se ha puesto perfume (colonia), en lugar de &quot;ella huele bien de manera natural&quot;. Para esta última yo usaría &lt;em&gt;fragancia&lt;/em&gt; porque me parece más evocativa que &lt;em&gt;aroma&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría usar también &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=2nI88P2ybDXX2ayYIKxj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Extracto líquido concentrado de una sustancia generalmente aromática.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Perfume líquido con gran concentración de la sustancia o sustancias aromáticas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no recuerdo mal &quot;Esencia de mujer&quot; era el título (por lo menos español) de una película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T15:06:09.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14688" CreationDate="2015-09-03T11:45:19.977" Score="5" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many varieties of English: American English, Canadian English, Australian English, Hiberno-English, Scottish English, etc, etc. With these varieties contrasting in terms of dialects, spelling, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary (wee/small, ye/yous/you, amn’t/ain't, trunk/boot), idioms etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how diverse the various varieties of Spanish are, with differences in English varieties used as a benchmark. For example, would Spanish in the Basque Country differ from Spanish in Andalusia to the same extent as Hiberno-English would differ from Cockney English? or are the differences greater or fewer. Would someone from Spain struggle to understand someone from Costa Rica?, in the same way that an American might struggle to understand a Glaswegian. Which two dialects are most similar: Castilian, Argentinian or Mexican?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a dialect in Spain which is more similar to those spoken in Latin America? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Latin America have an upperclass Spanish dialect more similar to that spoken in Madrid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What broad dialect families would you divide Spanish into? If so, is it very similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not speak Spanish, so don't go into the nitty gritty in your answer as I'm only trying to get a general picture. I am also only interested in spoken Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12128" OwnerDisplayName="Baz" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T20:07:16.070" Title="How diverse is Spanish" Tags="&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2015-09-03T16:29:04.290" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi caso yo usaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensar más allá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hay que &lt;strong&gt;pensar más allá&lt;/strong&gt; del problema que tenemos de frente!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T16:50:27.453" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T16:50:27.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14689" CreationDate="2015-09-04T10:51:39.830" Score="3" ViewCount="4154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a good translation to the phrase &quot;Pay your respects&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't been able to figure out one that really conveys the meaning. These are the ones I currently came up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mostrar tu respeto &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Guardar respeto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't like about them is that they imply passiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="617" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T07:49:03.660" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T10:43:32.337" Title="&quot;Pay your respects&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13685" CreationDate="2015-09-04T11:09:17.917" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish varies a lot.  Definitely moreso than any of the main English dialects, although perhaps Indian English vs other Englishes might show the level to which people's native dialects can differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there also exists what is known as Standard Spanish.  It's a sort of neutral Spanish that — as its name suggests — standardizes certain aspects of grammar, and to a lesser extent vocabulary, that differ across the Spanish-speaking world.  Virtually anyone with a decent high school education can almost effortlessly swap between their native dialect and the Standard one.  Few, if any, natively speak Standard Spanish (not even in places like Salamanca or Valladolid, traditionally said to have the &quot;purest&quot; Spanish, thanks to their strong &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The differences in grammar are pretty evident: syntax can vary (subject position in questions), tense/aspect usage (present perfect especially), possession marking, placement of object pronouns, irregularities of verbs (trajo vs trujo, haya vs haiga), pronouns themselves (tú vs vos, vosotros vs ustedes, que/quien), and levels of formality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronunciation differs mainly in the consonants (s/z, ll/y, rr, -d), but there are some dialects that have reduced the vowel system from a system of five to a system of three (aiu).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocabulary differences are most evident in food, pleasantries, and technology, although the latter one (thankfully) seems to be neutralizing bit by bit.  Most Spanish-speakers actually find it quite interesting figuring out the different terms used for random things when meeting people from other counrties, and for some of the words that can cause genuine confusion or offense, moderately educated speakers tend to already be aware of the differences (similar to English: most of us know that &lt;em&gt;bloody&lt;/em&gt; is vulgar in British English but not American, or that &lt;em&gt;rooting&lt;/em&gt; is something you do for your team in American English but something you do to a person in Australian/Kiwi).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T11:09:17.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14687" CreationDate="2015-09-04T12:14:52.797" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always seen it translated as «presentar los respetos (de alguien a alguien)»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Realizar manifestaciones de cortesía a alguien. &lt;em&gt;Presenté mis respetos a su esposa&lt;/em&gt;. —&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/respetos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, I add, can be used ironically: «vamos a presentar nuestros respetos al nuevo alumno (knuckles cracking)» or in a more metaphorical way: «fueron al bar a presentar sus respetos a la cerveza que les esperaba». Even in the plain sense of paying a visit: «después de presentar nuestros respetos al museo, continuamos con la visita a la ciudad». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T09:19:50.647" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T09:19:50.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14687" CreationDate="2015-09-04T13:11:59.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what guillem mentioned, if I am correct, this phrase is also used when someone dies, and you want to say something to the person who lost the loved one. In this case, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar el pésame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definiton of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=p%C3%A9same&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pésame&lt;/a&gt; on RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expresión con que se hace saber a alguien el sentimiento que se tiene&#xA;  de su pena o aflicción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T13:11:59.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14692" CreationDate="2015-09-04T13:21:19.700" Score="1" ViewCount="657" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a un texto en inglés, tal como se muestra a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; 150,000,000 $ in sales.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería saber, las personas que hablan completamente español, ¿Cómo entenderían esta oración traducida al español para una publicidad de una revista?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; $ 150 000 000 en ingresos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir más de 150 millones en ingresos. ¿Cuál sería la mejor manera de transformar esta oración comercial y hacerla más entendible para hispano-hablantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál preferirían dentro de las siguientes opciones como un texto para una publicidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opción A: &lt;strong&gt;&gt; $ 150 000 000 en ingresos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Opción B: &lt;strong&gt;+ $ 150 000 000 en ingresos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Opción C: &lt;strong&gt;MÁS de $ 150 000 000 en ingresos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El símbolo &quot;&gt;&quot; en color rojo y en grande les llama la atención? o pasaría desapercibido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería genial tener un consenso entre los hispano-hablantes de diferentes culturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo opto por la opción C y utilizar millones como muchos ya me han sugerido. Estoy tratando de convencer a un infografista que no habla español, que es lo más atractivo para los hispanos en leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T18:41:22.603" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T18:41:22.603" Title="¿Cómo interpretar mejor símbolos matemáticos y cifras en textos publicitarios?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14691" CreationDate="2015-09-04T13:27:49.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es difícil responder de una forma genérica porque cada persona lo leerá de acuerdo con su formación y preferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, para mí una expresión del tipo &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; $150&lt;/code&gt; tiene sentido, así como &lt;code&gt;+ $150&lt;/code&gt; (aunque menos). Pero si se lo enseñas a mi abuela, seguramente le sonará a chino porque no está demasiado familiarizada con las expresiones del tipo matemático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por eso que debes ver cuál es el contexto en el que lo utilizarás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, si tal contexto no es conocido o quieres asegurarte que sea entenedido por todo el mundo, sin duda deberías ir por la expresión que no utiliza símbolos. Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Opción C: MÁS de $ 150 000 000 en ingresos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado: escribir &lt;code&gt;$ 150 000 000&lt;/code&gt; suena algo raro. Si son 150 millones, escribe &lt;code&gt;150.000.000&lt;/code&gt; o directamente &lt;code&gt;150 millones&lt;/code&gt;. No es común escribir espacios entre los bloques de los miles y puede prestarse a confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, está bien decirlo. A mí no me lo parecía, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/14691/interpretaci%C3%B3n-de-un-texto#comment16669_14692&quot;&gt;guillem comenta&lt;/a&gt; que sí dando la siempre fiable fuente de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/miles-6498/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Al escribir números de más de cuatro cifras, se agruparán estas de&#xA;  tres en tres, empezando por la derecha, y separando los grupos por&#xA;  espacios en blanco: 8 327 451 (y no por puntos o comas, como,&#xA;  dependiendo de las zonas, se hacía hasta ahora: *8.327.451;&#xA;  *8,327,451). Los números de cuatro cifras se escriben sin espacios de separación: 2458 (no *2 458). En ningún caso deben repartirse en&#xA;  líneas diferentes las cifras que componen un número: *8 327 / 451.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T13:34:29.120" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14691" CreationDate="2015-09-04T13:29:46.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que mi respuesta entra dentro del ámbito de la opinión personal, pero creo que el «más» es lo que mejor se entiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto al símbolo de divisa, en España es habitual ponerlo detrás de las cantidades, como las unidades de medida: 150 000 000 $. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/uso-de-los-simbolos-de-divisa-13368/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El ponerlo delante no es incorrecto&lt;/a&gt;, y supongo que dependerá más bien de la región y del público objetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T13:29:46.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14696" CreationDate="2015-09-04T20:44:27.927" Score="4" ViewCount="2625" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés usamos la palabra &quot;play&quot; para significar la acción de ver una película o de escuchar música. La usamos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you &lt;strong&gt;play&lt;/strong&gt; the movie?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What song is &lt;strong&gt;playing&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunté un amigo latino y me dijo que no hay una palabra así en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me pregunta cuál sería la mejor manera para decir esto en español? ¿Quizás hay una palabra que mi amigo no había escuchado que se puede usar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T00:11:25.357" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T03:35:36.477" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;play&quot; en el contexto de música o un DVD?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14695" CreationDate="2015-09-04T21:06:32.080" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las palabras que entiendo se usan en lugar &lt;code&gt;to play&lt;/code&gt; son &lt;code&gt;reproducir&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tocar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;poner&lt;/code&gt; y se usa una u otra según se trate de audio o video y la preferencia o estilo del hablante o según la ocasión. En algunos casos se usan composiciones de &lt;code&gt;play&lt;/code&gt; con &lt;code&gt;dar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;poner&lt;/code&gt;, por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;dale play&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ponle play&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedes reproducir la película?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedes poner la película?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedes ponerle play a la película?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &amp;quot;tocar&amp;quot; no se usa para video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué canción reproducen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué canción tocan?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué canción está puesta?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso no se usa una composición con &lt;code&gt;play&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9624" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T21:06:32.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14695" CreationDate="2015-09-04T21:09:33.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español utilizaríamos el verbo &amp;quot;poner&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedes poner esa peli?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué canción está puesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9318" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T22:02:37.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14695" CreationDate="2015-09-04T21:10:26.653" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español no hay solo una palabra para &quot;play&quot;, depende del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.- Can you play the movie?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedes reproducir/ poner la pelicula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.- What song is playing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué canción está sonando? ¿Qué canción están tocando? ¿Qué canción está puesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10752" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T22:00:51.973" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T22:00:51.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13670" CreationDate="2015-09-05T03:03:34.930" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías también usar &quot;novatos&quot;, por ejemplo: &quot; Windows para novatos&quot;. He visto varias veces referirse a los libros dummy de esa forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendiz, persona que aprende un oficio.&#xA;Inexperto o bisoño, no es muy común su uso para este contexto, no en Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10752" LastActivityDate="2015-09-05T03:03:34.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14707" CreationDate="2015-09-05T10:22:56.540" Score="5" ViewCount="30287" Body="&lt;p&gt;La ciudad belga de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brujas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brujas&lt;/a&gt; se llama &lt;em&gt;Brugge&lt;/em&gt; en flamenco. En la Wikipedia leemos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su nombre proviene del noruego antiguo &quot;Bryggia&quot; (puentes, muelles,&#xA;  atracaderos). Es interesante destacar que en el idioma&#xA;  flamenco/neerlandés «Brug» significa «puente», y que esta ciudad&#xA;  ostenta como nombre el plural de esta palabra debido a la gran&#xA;  cantidad de puentes que en ella existen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que me pregunto: ¿por qué se eligió llamarla &quot;Brujas&quot; en castellano en lugar de &quot;Puentes&quot; que sería la traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo me sugieren los nombres de los siguientes lugares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Islandia. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia#Etimolog.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Viene de&lt;/a&gt; &quot;tierra de hielo&quot; y en inglés se llama de hecho &lt;em&gt;Iceland&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué no la llamamos algo así como &lt;em&gt;Hielolandia&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groenlandia. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groenlandia#Etimolog.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Viene de&lt;/a&gt; &quot;tierra (o país) verde&quot; y en inglés se llama Greenland. ¿Por qué no la llamamos &lt;em&gt;Verdelandia&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, ¿cuál es el proceso por el que se traduce un nombre de localidad -ie, pasar a decir &quot;Brujas&quot; en lugar del original &quot;Brugge&quot;- y cuál es la metodología utilizada para adaptarlo a nuestra lengua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-05-26T11:58:12.707" Title="¿Por qué Brujas se llama así y no &quot;Puentes&quot; si viene de Brugge que quiere decir &quot;puente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14700" CreationDate="2015-09-05T22:42:20.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iceland viene de una palabra islandés que quiere decir &quot;isla&quot;.  No tiene nada que ver con hielo.  Esto es según el diccionario Merriam Webster.  La entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/iceland&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Iceland&lt;/a&gt; tiene unos botones donde se puede escuchar la palabra en inglés, en danés, y en islandés.  Se puede notar que la palabra en islandés se escribe igual que la palabra en inglés &quot;island&quot;, salvo que la ese in inglés es muda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy de acuerdo con la tradición que dice que viene del noruego, y quiere decir tierra de hielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me hace que en la mayoría de los casos, el nombre de un sitio en otro idioma viene del sonido y no del significado.  Algo semejante debe ser la explicación de la conección entre &quot;Bruges&quot; y &quot;Brujas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2015-09-06T04:14:09.130" LastActivityDate="2015-09-06T04:14:09.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14708" CreationDate="2015-09-07T05:33:09.073" Score="4" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es un equivalente para &quot;it follows&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caso de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since x is greater than 2, it follows that x is greater than 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado que x es mayor que 2, ____ x es mayor que 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10766" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T08:02:55.730" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T11:36:06.380" Title="¿Cuál es un equivalente para &quot;it follows&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14705" CreationDate="2015-09-07T06:27:20.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; es mayor que 2, &lt;code&gt;entonces&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;tenemos que&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; es mayor que 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; es mayor que 2, por lo tanto &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; es mayor que 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías incluso omitir un sustituto de &lt;code&gt;it follows&lt;/code&gt;, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado que x es mayor que 2, x es mayor que 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T06:27:20.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14700" CreationDate="2015-09-07T07:25:30.593" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;El proceso de adaptación de un nombre no es único y depende mucho de la época en que se ha hecho. Sobre todo, ten en cuenta que los exónimos se generan con el uso, no se siguen reglas ni hay una persona que los imponga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brujas está en Flandes, que era una posesión de la corona española en los siglos XVI y XVII; por tanto, esa adaptación se realizó en aquella época, igual que la de muchas otras ciudades flamencas como Lieja o Amberes. En esa época, lo normal era que el nombre original se convirtiera en algo parecido, pero fácil de pronunciar para un castellanoparlante. Si había una palabra parecida en español, era fácil que se asimilara. De ahí &lt;em&gt;Brugge&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Brujas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro nombre geográfico que en español se asimiló a una palabra existente con sonido similar en lugar de a la traducción del original es el &lt;em&gt;Canal de la Mancha&lt;/em&gt; (del francés &lt;em&gt;Canal de la Manche&lt;/em&gt;, canal de la Manga). La Mancha es una comarca española que, desde luego, no tiene nada que ver con el canal, pero el nombre se asimiló.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una asimilación curiosa es la de la capital de Rusia, cuyo nombre ruso es &lt;em&gt;Moskvá&lt;/em&gt;, igual al del río que la atraviesa. En castellano, el nombre de la ciudad es &lt;em&gt;Moscú&lt;/em&gt;, formado al escribir con la ortografía española el francés &lt;em&gt;Moscou&lt;/em&gt;; sin embargo, el del río es &lt;em&gt;Moscova&lt;/em&gt;, convirtiendo el nombre original ruso en algo fácilmente pronunciable para un hispanohablante. ¿Por qué el mismo nombre ha dado en español dos distintos? Porque se han asimilado en momentos distintos y por personas distintas. No hay reglas fijas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T07:25:30.593" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14705" CreationDate="2015-09-07T08:05:05.327" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Matemáticas usamos mucho la palabra &lt;code&gt;luego&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;x es mayor que 2, &lt;strong&gt;luego&lt;/strong&gt; x es mayor que 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que he eliminado la primera parte de &quot;dado que&quot;, pues no es usada con demasiada frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, queda una frase sintética y concisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=40pwijFHEDXX2zwZF1ps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luego&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. ilat. Por consiguiente, por lo tanto. &lt;em&gt;Pienso, luego existo. ¿Luego era fundado mi temor?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T08:05:05.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14705" CreationDate="2015-09-07T08:54:11.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas respuestas son correctas, para generalizar se aceptan todas las conjunciones de consecuencia, en varios libros de matemáticas se usa tanto &lt;em&gt;luego&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por lo que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo que implica que&lt;/em&gt;,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2010/10/ejemplos-de-conjuncion-consecutiva.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2010/10/ejemplos-de-conjuncion-consecutiva.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T08:54:11.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14705" CreationDate="2015-09-07T11:36:06.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En lógica proposicional se aceptan diferentes fórmulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para introducir la premisa &lt;em&gt;(since)&lt;/em&gt;: «puesto que», «dado que», «porque», «ya que»...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para introducir la conclusión &lt;em&gt;(it follows)&lt;/em&gt;: «luego», «por lo tanto», «por ende»...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducir literalmente &lt;em&gt;it follows&lt;/em&gt; por «se sigue» es aceptable, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iesseneca.net/iesseneca/IMG/pdf/tema_7_logica.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;según veo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T11:36:06.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14712" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14714" CreationDate="2015-09-07T11:37:52.060" Score="2" ViewCount="3265" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí en Wikipedia una referencia a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autofoto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;autofoto&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, me parece un término algo &quot;feo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una alternativa en español para la palabra &lt;code&gt;selfie&lt;/code&gt; u otra forma de decirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T15:01:29.677" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T12:13:18.733" Title="¿Cómo decir &quot;selfie&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14712" CreationDate="2015-09-07T13:19:08.140" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE en un tuit &lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/440776281131872256&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;#RAEConsultas&lt;/a&gt; la palabra correcta es autofoto.&#xA;Como alternativa se menciona autoretrato. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el mundo usa &lt;em&gt;selfie&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;selfi&lt;/em&gt; así que a ver qué nos depara el futuro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extracto de una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20141016/54417975191/nuevo-diccionario-rae-blaugrana-birra.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrevista de La Vanguardia a Pedro Álvarez de Miranda&lt;/a&gt;, académico director de la 23.ª edición del DRAE. Octubre del 2014&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y supongo que también es pronto para introducir ‘selfie’.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es aún más pronto. En un coloquio un señor muy enfadado con la&#xA;  palabra ‘selfie’ me decía que teníamos que adoptar la palabra&#xA;  ‘autofoto’. Pues muy bien, a ver quién es el que consigue que autofoto&#xA;  sea la que triunfe. Ni la Academia ni nadie puede gobernar los usos&#xA;  léxicos de 400 y pico millones de personas. Y ‘selfie’ no ha habido&#xA;  tiempo ni de considerarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T13:22:42.663" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T13:22:42.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13603" CreationDate="2015-09-07T14:59:56.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto, pero en la primera frase es recomendable incluir la preposición &quot;hasta&quot; para facilitar su comprensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si deseas expresar que era habitual dormir en la calle, pero no se hacía siempre; es necesario que lo indiques explícitamente, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta hace unas noches solía dormir bajo un puente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T14:59:56.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13656" CreationDate="2015-09-07T16:27:39.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Garita, es una torrecilla con troneras que defiende a los centinelas de guardia en las fortificaciones o delante de cualquier edificio vigilado. La palabra viene del francés 'guárite', forma actual de 'garite' que procedía del provenzal 'garida'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10772" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T16:27:39.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14721" CreationDate="2015-09-07T17:27:15.927" Score="3" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder what is the formal translation of &quot;Same as original&quot; in Spanish, mostly used for confirming a photocopy of a document is the same with the original one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(that is to use in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T18:12:03.963" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T19:58:24.843" Title="Translation of &quot;same as original&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-07T17:38:19.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#auto/es/same%20as%20original&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translation&lt;/a&gt; of the expression &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;same as original&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;igual que el original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X documento es &lt;em&gt;igual que el original&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, another expressions that I've heard are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copia original&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copia radicada &lt;em&gt;(o notariada)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which indicates that the copy is valid for formal procedures and also for  authenticating the veracity &lt;em&gt;of the copy&lt;/em&gt;. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X documento es una &lt;em&gt;copia original&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe traer una &lt;em&gt;copia notariada&lt;/em&gt; de X documento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T19:58:24.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-07T17:44:09.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are doing photocopies of an official document, you sometimes need some kind of verification to show that it is indeed a copy of the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this, you can make the photocopy in an administration office and ask for a &quot;copia compulsada&quot;, &quot;copia cotejada&quot; or just &quot;compulsa&quot; (&quot;cotejo&quot; and &quot;compulsa&quot; is almost the same), which will be a normal photocopy with an official stamp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=2eImZzdR9DXX27DwqyTz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;compulsa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Der. Copia de un documento cotejada con su original.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding what to write to verify that it is a valid copy, people normally add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stamp of the administration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;date&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;name and signature of the person doing the copy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes (see for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ua.es/es/presentacion/gerencia/compulsas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this document&lt;/a&gt; from Universidad de Alicante) this word is added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cotejo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T18:05:45.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1735" CreationDate="2015-09-07T17:52:19.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta también la fórmula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con la mayor brevedad [posible]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la mayor brevedad [posible]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas son equivalentes, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/a-la-mayor-brevedad-4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;comenta Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T17:52:19.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-07T17:59:10.767" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exact phrase used will vary in different countries, but normally it is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es copia fiel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es copia fiel y exacta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;del original&lt;/em&gt; may be added at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T17:59:10.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14727" CreationDate="2015-09-08T00:34:34.700" Score="2" ViewCount="6463" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy completando la primera semana de mi segundo año de español en mi escuela. Tengo una maestra nueva y ella es de España (es su primer año en los Estados Unidos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi primer año de español mi maestra nos enseñó que la palabra &quot;homework&quot; en español es &quot;tarea,&quot; pero mi maestra actual enseña que la palabra &quot;homework&quot; en español es &quot;deberes&quot; no &quot;tarea&quot; y &quot;tarea&quot; en inglés es &quot;sheet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, para el traductor de Google &quot;tarea&quot; y &quot;deberes&quot; son sinónimos y en inglés es &quot;homework&quot;, por lo que estoy muy confundido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre las palabras &quot;deberes&quot; y &quot;tarea&quot;? ¿Tiene razón mi maestra actual, o es el traductor Google o qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota: Prefiero un repuesta en inglés porque solamente he estudiado español durante un año.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9594" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T22:34:09.337" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T22:34:09.337" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre las palabras &quot;deberes&quot; y &quot;tarea&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14726" CreationDate="2015-09-08T00:44:29.297" Score="3" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi maestra en mi primera semana de mi segundo año de español nos enseñó que &lt;em&gt;abrid&lt;/em&gt; es equivalente a &lt;em&gt;abran&lt;/em&gt;, y que la diferencia es regional (yo no recuerdo los regiones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en mi primer año de español solamente aprendí &lt;em&gt;abran&lt;/em&gt; en presente (aprendí presente, pretérito, presente progresivo, imperativo y algunas conjugaciones irregulares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué es &lt;em&gt;abrid&lt;/em&gt; correcto?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué regiones usan &lt;em&gt;abrid&lt;/em&gt; y cuáles &lt;em&gt;abran&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es la razón de la diferencia?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: prefiero un repuesta en inglés porque completé solamente un año de español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9594" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T09:54:20.950" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T13:54:47.477" Title="Confusión con la conjugación &quot;abrid&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-08T01:08:11.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país,  Venezuela, le decimos tarea al &quot;homework&quot;. En otros países, le dicen deberes. En general las palabras son sinónimos de homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trabajo escolar (denominado, según el país o las circunstancias, como tarea o deberes) es el trabajo que se asigna a los estudiantes por sus profesores, y que se indica que debe completarse, en su caso, fuera del aula y de la jornada escolar, en el entorno doméstico, con o sin ayuda de la familia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10752" LastEditorUserId="10752" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T01:18:49.867" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T01:18:49.867" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-08T01:15:56.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain they use &lt;code&gt;los deberes&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;tarea&lt;/code&gt; and that explains why your current teacher told you so. Both terms are correct and they are synonyms as google prompted you, however, I would say that &lt;code&gt;tarea&lt;/code&gt; is more widely accepted and understood(at least in Latin América) while &lt;code&gt;deberes&lt;/code&gt; is only used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T01:15:56.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14723" CreationDate="2015-09-08T01:52:41.003" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Abran!&lt;/em&gt; is acceptable in all parts of the Spanish speaking world where it means &lt;em&gt;open!&lt;/em&gt; as a command directed to &lt;em&gt;y'all&lt;/em&gt; (as opposed to &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abrid&lt;/em&gt; likewise means &lt;em&gt;open!&lt;/em&gt; and is directed to &lt;em&gt;y'all&lt;/em&gt;, but in the regions that use it, it is used as an informal &lt;em&gt;y'all&lt;/em&gt; (with &lt;em&gt;abran&lt;/em&gt; in turn being formal).  It is used in Spain and Equitorial Guinea; American Spanish does not use it.  In American Spanish, &lt;em&gt;abran&lt;/em&gt; is neither formal nor informal, it's just the universal plural command.  Here are the commands for different subjects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; subject  command  subject  formality     region&#xA;-----------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;      tú  abre     you      informal      all&#xA;     vos  abrí     you      informal      AR/UY/PY (and other regions)&#xA;   usted  abra     you      formal        all&#xA;nosotros  abramos  we       unspecified   all&#xA;vosotros  abrid    y'all    informal      ES/GQ&#xA; ustedes  abran    y'all    formal        ES/GQ&#xA; ustedes  abran    y'all    unspecified   all but ES/GQ&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T13:54:47.477" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T13:54:47.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-08T02:47:42.140" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Real Academia Española (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) [Royal Spanish Academy]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=XN3ZjqlbEDXX2tXTXf1C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tarea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del ár. ṭaríḥa, y este de la raíz del ár. clás. {ṭrḥ}, echar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Obra o trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Trabajo que debe hacerse en tiempo limitado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=iYwm4d4aXDXX2oyE3aFP%7CcMpuUTV5XDXX2IGHD4Lj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ejercicio que, como complemento de lo aprendido en clase, se encarga, para hacerlo fuera de ella, al alumno de los primeros grados&#xA;  de enseñanza. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would tell you that in Latin America, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;homework&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tarea&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Everything that is assigned by a teacher in the school or institution. I travelled for many countries in Latin America and everyone does the same translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Deber&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is equals to &quot;duty&quot; or &quot;must&quot;. It's an obligation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Chore&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is equals to &quot;tarea del hogar&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Task&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is also &quot;tarea&quot; but it's more like an activity. Something that it's need to be done in order to fulfill a work. Imagine a process of credit card delivery. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to follow these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You do a submission for a credit card in a financial institution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then the submission will be evaluated by someone else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then the submission will be approved by another person&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once approved, they will give you credit card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of credit card delivery is composed by 4 steps or tasks. These steps must be done in a period of time and assigned to someone. If one of these steps are not done, the process will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's probably that in Spain they use &quot;deber&quot; as a homework. But in Latin America is &quot;tarea&quot; for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some countries like Cuba (Caribe) they tend to say also &quot;deber&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PS:&lt;/strong&gt; Look something interesting on the RAE definition. &lt;strong&gt;Deber&lt;/strong&gt; comes from Latin &quot;debere&quot;, but &lt;strong&gt;tarea&lt;/strong&gt; comes from the Arabic word &lt;strong&gt;taríha&lt;/strong&gt;. Remember, in the past (711 AD) Arabs warriors invaded Spain for many years and they influenced the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As many others have said, it's true when you try to use &lt;strong&gt;deber&lt;/strong&gt; as a meaning for &quot;homework&quot;, some people use &lt;strong&gt;deberes&lt;/strong&gt; (in plural). However, this implies that you have many things to do. And in singular it would sound a little weird &quot;Tengo un deber que hacer&quot;, in that case could be translated like &quot;I have a duty&quot;. If you analyse both terms carefully by their definition according to the RAE, they are synonyms. Furthermore, I remark that in Latin America is very common the use of &lt;strong&gt;tarea&lt;/strong&gt;. And as others have already confirmed, in Spain they use &lt;strong&gt;deberes&lt;/strong&gt; (And according to Gorpik in some regions of Spain, they use also tarea). When I wrote this answer for your question, I didn't mention that the use of one or another is incorrect. Let me clarify that both are valid. There's no wrong answer, but I tried to give you the real definition according to the RAE, which is very important to us no matter where you are from. If you live in America, you should know now what translation fit well to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T06:18:09.547" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14729" CreationDate="2015-09-08T10:59:47.840" Score="8" ViewCount="4770" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia utilizamos expresiones del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para pagar la casa sacaron dinero de debajo de las piedras&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Al decir que había tarta, salió gente de debajo de las piedras&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &quot;debajo de las piedras&quot; se refiere a &quot;de por todo&quot;, buscando exhaustivamente o desde todos lados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me pregunto: ¿de dónde viene esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T08:16:30.007" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;debajo de las piedras&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14728" CreationDate="2015-09-08T11:52:00.720" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En en inglés: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnersdictionary.com/qa/idiom-to-leave-no-stone-unturned&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Leave no stone unturned&lt;/a&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;Is an idiom that means to do everything possible to find something or to solve a problem&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión estaba en la  página de traducciones &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/cinema_film_tv_drama/803073-turn_every_stone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.proz.com&lt;/a&gt;. Buscando encuentro un libro que narra el suceso que pudo dar origen a la frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dating from the mid-1500s in English, to leave no stone unturned [...] It is popularly said to derive from the tale of an ancient king of&#xA;  Samos named Polycrates, who helped the Greeks to defeat Xerxes and his&#xA;  Persian Empire in battle in 479 BC. On realizing that the battle was&#xA;  lost, one of Xerxes' generals, Mandonius, buried a hoard of treasure&#xA;  on the battlefield, which Polycrates was determined to retrieve. He&#xA;  purchased the field and began digging, but after several weeks had&#xA;  still found nothing. In desperation, he turned to the Oracle at&#xA;  Delphi, who advised him simply to 'turn every stone' - the more&#xA;  systematic approach eventually proved successful and Polycrates&#xA;  unearthed the general's treasure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extraido del libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.nl/books?id=rfqzBAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=The+Origins+of+English+in+Ten+Phrases&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CCoQ6AEwAGoVChMIl4zw9O_pxwIVJy3bCh0gcwDM#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=no%20stone%20unturned&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jedburg Justic and Kentish Fire: The Origins of English in TEN PHRASES and EXPRESSIONS by Paul Anthony Jones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto en ingléscomo otras lenguas adaptaron la frase del latín &lt;em&gt;Omnem movere lapidem&lt;/em&gt; y esta del griego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T13:31:02.957" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T13:31:02.957" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2015-09-09T01:15:32.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La historia es complicada, y hay muchos factores en juego. Pero el factor principal es este: en España (también en Italia) la escritura alcanzó un nivel de difusión masivo relativamente tarde; así, al momento de establecerse una ortografía estandar, la pronunciación también estaba bastante fijada, y luego no ocurrieron cambios importantes. En Inglaterra, por el contrario, la ortografía (que en un principio sí era &quot;fonética&quot;) se estandarizó más temprano, antes de que la lengua hablada experimentara cambios importantes en la pronunciación, especialmente con las &lt;strong&gt;vocales&lt;/strong&gt; (el &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;great vowel shift&lt;/a&gt;&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/637/&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; hay una pregunta similar sobre el idioma italiano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:49:56.903" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:49:56.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14733" CreationDate="2015-09-09T09:19:48.180" Score="7" ViewCount="478" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://tecnologia.elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/09/04/actualidad/1441375167_988480.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia expulsa a cientos de editores por cobrar a empresas&lt;/a&gt; cuando me encontré con el fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Es habitual que los editores detecten y eliminen artículos que&#xA;  incumplen las normas de la enciclopedia y que sirven para dar&#xA;  relevancia a entidades y personas que —en comparación con la mayoría&#xA;  de los demás textos— no las merecen, pero resulta extraordinario que&#xA;  el portal dé la orden de un despido masivo de &lt;strong&gt;perfiles&lt;/strong&gt; por&#xA;  considerarlos &lt;strong&gt;títeres de calcetín o sockpuppets&lt;/strong&gt; (cuentas creadas&#xA;  específicamente para publicar artículos saltándose las normas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me pregunto: ¿cuán frecuente es el término &quot;sockpuppet&quot; en castellano y cuán reconocido es su traducción literal &quot;títere de calcetín&quot;? ¿Existe alguna preferencia al respecto o alguna traducción alternativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además: ¿llamamos &quot;títere de calcetín&quot; a la imagen siguiente? Es decir, no al término usado en internet, sino al calcetín usado como jugueto. En castellano nunca oí tal palabra, si bien es cierto que tampoco vi muchos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YPv1N.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YPv1Nm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T13:39:05.497" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T13:39:27.383" Title="&quot;Sockpuppet&quot; en castellano" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14732" CreationDate="2015-09-09T09:59:07.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La segunda acepción que nos da el DRAE para la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/t%C3%ADtere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;títere&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;em&gt;persona que se deja manejar por otra&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque el DRAE no da más explicaciones en este sentido, en la práctica extendemos este significado a otros entes distintos de las personas, yuxtaponiendo la palabra. Así, un &lt;em&gt;gobierno títere&lt;/em&gt; es aquel que actúa en un país bajo las órdenes de una potencia extranjera. Por tanto, en mi opinión, la expresión correcta en español para el concepto que maneja Wikipedia es &lt;em&gt;cuenta títere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al significado principal de la palabra &lt;em&gt;sockpuppet&lt;/em&gt;, no conozco ninguna palabra específica en castellano. Creo haber leído la traducción literal &lt;em&gt;títere de calcetín&lt;/em&gt; en algún libro de manualidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T09:59:07.867" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14732" CreationDate="2015-09-09T19:33:18.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shari_Lewis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Shari Lewis en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a Lambchop como un &quot;muñeco&quot;.  No sé si este uso es común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OW8pr.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OW8pr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Lamb Chop (puppet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T08:38:16.647" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T08:38:16.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14738" CreationDate="2015-09-10T08:56:28.303" Score="6" ViewCount="27122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí con mucha atención la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/626/1674&quot;&gt;Internet Chat laughter in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; y sus interesantes respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/628/1674&quot;&gt;una de ellas&lt;/a&gt; se menciona una que uso con frecuencia en internet: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;juas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguien metió la pata, te sorprendes y te hace un poquito de gracia:&#xA;  Juas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿alguien conoce el origen de este tipo de risa internetil? En alguna ocasión he oído en la vida real a alguien decir &quot;juas juas&quot; como sonido parecido a &quot;jaja&quot; pero más jocoso. ¿Sería ese su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2019-07-11T00:44:02.403" Title="¿De dónde viene &quot;juas&quot; como risa en internet?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14737" CreationDate="2015-09-10T09:27:49.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando quieres expresar risa puedes usar la repetición de infinidad de interjecciones como: &lt;em&gt;ja,je,ji,jo,ju&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las muchas combinaciones que puedes usar es &lt;em&gt;jua&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=ja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ja.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;interj. U.&lt;/code&gt; para indicar la risa, la burla o la incredulidad. &lt;code&gt;U. m. repetida.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juas&lt;/em&gt; es la abreviación de varios &lt;em&gt;jua&lt;/em&gt;. Algo que solemos hacer en español en vez de acrónimos como &lt;em&gt;LOL&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso se puede usar individualmente como en tu ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te hace un poquito de gracia: &lt;em&gt;Juas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;al contrario que &lt;em&gt;jua&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;je&lt;/em&gt; que para aclarar mejor el sentido se usan repetidamente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;jua jua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;je je je&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9582" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T10:04:21.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5046" CreationDate="2015-09-10T14:55:33.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish allows to utilize two different types of passive sentences, so it would have been possible to make both of the next translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas cosas han sido estudiadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se han estudiado esas cosas. (pasiva refleja)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first option is normally chosen when the subject is important (&lt;em&gt;estas cosas&lt;/em&gt;), while the second is used when is not, and is what happens what is stressed in your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T15:39:35.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14728" CreationDate="2015-09-11T01:34:22.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra hablada y escrita es relativamente nueva. El español es un hijo del idioma castellano (lengua romance que llegó a las Américas debido a las famosas conquistas), que a la vez es hijo latín (el cual tiene aproximadamente más de 2800 años de existencia y tuvo orígen junto a la cultura de Grecia), y así sucesivamente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;debajo de las piedras&lt;/em&gt;, ha tenido varios significados en diversos pasajes Bíblicos (Evangelio Apócrifo de Santo Tomás: &lt;em&gt;...levanta una piedra y me encontrarás&lt;/em&gt;), los cuales, en su mayoría, provienen del arameo. No es tan importante saber de dónde viene, pero lo es conocer su significado, el cual depende mucho del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí podría significar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para pagar la casa sacaron dinero de debajo de las piedras&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;(de donde no se imaginaron que había)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al decir que había tarta, salió gente de debajo de las piedras&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;(de dónde nunca se imaginó que vendrían)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero te haya sido de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-11T08:16:30.007" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T08:16:30.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14917" CreationDate="2015-09-11T11:03:32.363" Score="6" ViewCount="14854" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en España se dice &lt;em&gt;¡qué pasada!&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a algo excepcionalmente bueno e incluso sorprendente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan corrió la maratón en menos de tres horas, ¡qué pasada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La atracción es muy emocionante, ¡qué pasada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miro en la RAE&#xA;la definición de &lt;em&gt;pasada&lt;/em&gt; y no encuentro nada que encaje bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=w3ewXKQMEDXX2B35332w%7CydPIscAM1DXX2s282U4Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pasado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del part. de pasar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Cuba. Dicho de una persona: Muy inteligente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Cuba. Dicho de una cosa: De buena calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Cuba. Dicho de una mujer: Atractiva y de formas exuberantes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Tiempo que pasó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cosas que sucedieron en él.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Militar que ha desertado de un ejército y sirve en el enemigo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. C. Rica. Plátano desecado al sol.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. pl. Ascendientes o antepasados.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción de pasar de una parte a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de planchar ligeramente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de dar un último repaso o retoque a un trabajo cualquiera.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. paso geométrico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Renta suficiente para mantenerse y pasar la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Partida de juego.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Sitio por donde se pasa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Puntada larga que se da en la ropa al bordarla o zurcirla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Mal comportamiento de una persona con otra. Una mala pasada&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien ve cómo encaja &lt;em&gt;pasada&lt;/em&gt; en alguna de estas definiciones? Si no, ¿alguien puede dar alguna explicación a esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2019-06-15T17:26:00.063" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;¡qué pasada!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-11T19:12:35.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Maximus Decimus says, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;tarea&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;deberes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mean &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;homework&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; depending on the region where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;According to the REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA (RAE):&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=XN3ZjqlbEDXX2tXTXf1C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tarea&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;(Del ár. ṭaríḥa, y este de la raíz del ár. clás. {ṭrḥ}, echar).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Obra o trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Trabajo que debe hacerse en tiempo limitado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Afán, penalidad o cuidado causado por un trabajo continuo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cuba y Ven. deber (‖ ejercicio que se encarga al alumno).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=cMpuUTV5XDXX2IGHD4Lj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Aquello a que está obligado el hombre por los preceptos religiosos o por las leyes naturales o positivas. El deber del cristiano, del hombre, del ciudadano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. deuda (‖ obligación de pagar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ejercicio que, como complemento de lo aprendido en clase, se encarga, para hacerlo fuera de ella, al alumno de los primeros grados de enseñanza. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;And according to the ACADEMIA MEXICANA DE LA LENGUA (AML):&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;tarea&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;s.f. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Actividad, trabajo: A Guillermo le gusta hacer sus tareas lo antes posible. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Trabajo escolar: Juan puede salir a jugar cuando termina su tarea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;deber.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v.tr. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tener la obligación de hacer algo: Debes hacer la tarea. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tener una deuda: Pedro me debe mucho dinero. || s.m. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Aquello que se está obligado a hacer: El deber de los padres es cuidar a sus hijos. □ Cuando es verbo se conjuga como tejer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that the RAE definition says that in Cuba and in Venezuela it is used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;tarea&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;homework&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, it is the same for Mexico and I would say that many other countries from Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both words are correct and you should use them both depending on where you are in order to the people can understand what you say. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tarea&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Cuba, Mexico or Venezuela (for sure) and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;deberes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (more common in plural) in Spain. This is similar for British or American English for instance. Also, Google is right too but it fails in saying where (which location) is the translated word used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9662" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T01:01:57.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-12T17:56:35.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia &lt;strong&gt;deberes&lt;/strong&gt; means your obligations within a wide scope, starting from your obligations as a citizen,  and then it drills down to your legal obligations in a contractual relationship.  In english the eaxct t word that defines &lt;strong&gt;deberes&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;duties&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;strong&gt;Tareas&lt;/strong&gt; means exactly tasks,  things to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T17:56:35.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20924" CreationDate="2015-09-12T20:53:05.380" Score="5" ViewCount="12596" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España llamamos a las furgonetas de la policía &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lecheras&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Alguien sabe por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9582" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T08:43:01.980" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T02:34:39.690" Title="¿Por qué las furgonetas de la policía se llaman &quot;lecheras&quot; en España?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14750" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14752" CreationDate="2015-09-12T21:02:50.500" Score="8" ViewCount="15117" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España llamamos &lt;em&gt;madera&lt;/em&gt; al cuerpo de policía y &lt;em&gt;maderos&lt;/em&gt; a los individuos que la integran. ¿Alguien conoce el origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9582" LastEditorUserId="19389" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T15:55:41.910" LastActivityDate="2020-04-16T17:46:22.160" Title="¿Por qué a la policía en España se le llama &quot;madera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2015-09-12T23:07:14.047" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque &lt;code&gt;leche&lt;/code&gt; es una manera coloquial de decir &lt;code&gt;torta&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;porrazo&lt;/code&gt;. Del DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=p2P1b1drnDXX2PuZ6B1Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Leche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. Trastazo, porrazo. &lt;em&gt;Se dio una leche con el coche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. bofetada (‖ golpe con la mano abierta). &lt;em&gt;Si no te estás quieto te daré una leche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La policía se presentaría en un evento, como en una manifestación, disturbios, protestas, etc. con estas furgonetas y se dedicaría a &quot;dar leches&quot;. Por tanto, al vehículo en el que viajan los que &lt;em&gt;dan leches&lt;/em&gt; se le dice coloquialmente &quot;&lt;em&gt;lechera&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: Soy consciente de que esta es una versión muy sesgada de ciertos hechos. No digo que sea cierta ni que la comparta. Simplemente, este término es jerga, y como tal tiene origen por u unos particular y coloquial que se ha extendido con el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T23:39:59.733" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14750" CreationDate="2015-09-12T23:15:58.703" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se les dice &lt;code&gt;maderos&lt;/code&gt; (o se dice que la policía es la &lt;em&gt;madera&lt;/em&gt;) por el color marrón de ciertos uniformes pre-1986. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se opta por un cambio radical en los colores con respecto al tradicional gris de la Policía Armada, &lt;strong&gt;ahora el uniforme es marrón, por ello se empezará a conocer despectivamente a la Policía Nacional como &quot;los maderos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque el término como tal ya se usaba mucho antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Uniformes_del_Cuerpo_de_Polic%C3%ADa_Nacional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página de wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; puedes ver distintos uniformes y esquemas. En 1986 se pasó &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Uniformes_del_Cuerpo_de_Polic%C3%ADa_Nacional#Del_marr.C3.B3n_al_azul&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del marrón al azul&lt;/a&gt;, y por eso quizá también has oído llamar a la policía &lt;code&gt;pitufos&lt;/code&gt; (debido al color azul del uniforme. A los niños se les dice a veces &quot;pitufos&quot; también, pero a estos es por su tamaño).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de marrón y azul, creo que el único otro color que han tenido estos uniformes es el gris, y entonces se les llamaba simplemente &quot;los grises&quot;. Otros cuerpos, como la guardia civil, tienen sus propios esquemas de colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De el color marrón (madera) de esos uniformes deriva el coloquialismo &lt;em&gt;madera&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la policía como cuerpo y &lt;em&gt;maderos&lt;/em&gt; a sus integrantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2020-04-16T17:46:22.160" LastActivityDate="2020-04-16T17:46:22.160" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-09-13T20:38:42.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I know (since I am &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt;, been living there all my &lt;em&gt;life&lt;/em&gt;), all the above are used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unanimously&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. But mostly they are used like the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;following&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Judías Verdes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: String beans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Judías Blancas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Butter Beans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Judías Rojas&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: kidney beans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Judías Mungo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Moong beans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope my answer serves you well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10807" LastEditorUserId="10807" LastEditDate="2015-09-13T20:44:24.750" LastActivityDate="2015-09-13T20:44:24.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14755" CreationDate="2015-09-13T22:29:40.447" Score="3" ViewCount="1473" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta viene de un comentario que @fedorqui dejó &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/14695/c%C3%B3mo-se-dice-play-en-el-contexto-de-m%C3%BAsica-o-una-dvd#comment16766_14695&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; acerca del uso del artículo con la palabra &lt;em&gt;DVD&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el español no es mi primer idioma, para mí no hay mucha diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;la DVD&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el DVD&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, me preguntaba si hay una regla que pueda seguir para decidir el artículo correcto con palabras como &lt;em&gt;DVD&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;CD&lt;/em&gt;, o nombres de organizaciones así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T12:43:42.307" Title="Uso de artículos con abreviaturas como DVD, CD o nombres de organizaciones" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14754" CreationDate="2015-09-13T22:45:32.780" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, la hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que expandir la abreviatura (y, si es necesario, traducir el resultado) y entonces decidir cuál es la palabra base e ir con el género y número de esa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DVD &amp;gt; digital versatile disc &amp;gt; disco versátil digital &amp;gt; disco (masculino y singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NASA &amp;gt; National Aeronautics and Space Administration &amp;gt; Administración Nacional de Aeronáutica y Espacio &amp;gt; administración (femenino y singular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces tenemos &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; DVD pero &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; NASA. Si hay que hacer una abreviatura plural, no se cambia nada excepto las palabras que la modifican, aunque sea común pluralizar las abreviaturas en el habla. Los DVD (plural, &lt;em&gt;deuvedé&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;deuvedés&lt;/em&gt;) o el DVD (singular, solo &lt;em&gt;deuvedé&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T01:48:34.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14757" CreationDate="2015-09-14T00:17:48.833" Score="2" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's &quot;Espana Cani,&quot; and Ana Cani, the Mexican-American singer on the Lawrence Welk show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate gives me &quot;gypsy.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somehow, that seems too literal, because it seems like a &quot;diminuitive.&quot; But it might refer to a dark skinned person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a diminuitive, and what does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T01:43:17.110" Title="What is meant by the (apparent) diminuitive &quot;cani?&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14756" CreationDate="2015-09-14T01:26:58.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cani&lt;/code&gt;, as it is, sounds to me as a diminutive of &lt;code&gt;canijo&lt;/code&gt;, but is also a urban tribe (refers to people from the suburbs, violent and without much education. Is more or less what some people address by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=cani&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;white trash&quot;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cañí&lt;/code&gt;, with the '&lt;strong&gt;ñ&lt;/strong&gt;' is indeed an adjetive, that means both &quot;gypsy&quot; and &quot;typical or folklorical&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La España &lt;strong&gt;cañí&lt;/strong&gt; is a set phrase that refers to folkloric Spain and is sometimes used derogatorily. It must be distinguished from &lt;strong&gt;cani&lt;/strong&gt;, a violent urban tribe of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C3%B1%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;code&gt;cañí&lt;/code&gt; can used refer to gypsies, but I have never heard it to actually call somebody &quot;gypsy&quot; if they are not (Also, probably we favor &lt;code&gt;gitano&lt;/code&gt; to designate the race, although could be be referred as &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=cal%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;calé&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as well. They call the non-gypsy people &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=payos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;payos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T01:43:17.110" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14759" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14761" CreationDate="2015-09-14T11:37:36.953" Score="2" ViewCount="2594" Body="&lt;p&gt;!Hola! I'm going to make a wedding speech for the groom next week in Spain. I will give the speech in English, but I'd like to end it with the Spanish quote (bride is Spanish). Any suggestion on the one sentence wedding toast in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I've asked reddit for help, but I only got the inappropriate ones (some quite funny though)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10811" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T17:55:15.697" Title="How can I make a wedding toast in Spanish (1 sentence)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14754" CreationDate="2015-09-14T12:59:25.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se mencionó en la respuesta anterior, no es universal. pero mi recomendación es que en la abreviación que sea, la expandas , como bien dijo nuestro colega, y busques el sustantivo en la frase, eso te dará el género, y su correspondiente artículo.&#xA;Por ejemplo , en DVD : disco es el sustantivo y en el caso de NASA: el sustantivo es administración&#xA;NBA: asociación es el sustantivo (la NBA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión se torna más complicada en situaciones donde está implícito el contexto , por ejemplo : El US. Open y ¿por qué no la US. Open?.&#xA;Bueno simplemente porque US. Open &lt;strong&gt;hace referencia&lt;/strong&gt; a un torneo y el sustantivo es el que nos dá el genero , y torneo es masculino, por lo tanto se dice El US Open.&#xA;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T12:59:25.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14759" CreationDate="2015-09-14T13:01:56.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best sentence you can use is &lt;em&gt;¡Vivan los novios!&lt;/em&gt; It is short, easy and very, very usual in a wedding, so everybody will understand it even if your pronunciation is not so good. You cannot go wrong with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T13:01:56.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14765" CreationDate="2015-09-14T13:25:42.097" Score="1" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente no se me ocurre qué palabra usar para diferenciar ambos conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Diseñador Gráfico&quot; es como el título de quien lo hace.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Diseño Gráfico&quot; es como el sustantivo, lo que hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se aplica a otras cosas, por ejemplo &quot;Desarrollador de Sistemas&quot; vs &quot;Desarrollo de Sistemas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que quiero es explicarle a una persona que no tiene que poner &quot;Diseño gráfico&quot; en el &quot;cargo / puesto&quot; de la persona, si no &quot;Diseñador gráfico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el nombre que se le da a cada concepto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6995" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T11:02:21.180" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T11:06:17.100" Title="¿Qué palabra(s) usar para indicar la diferencia entre &quot;Diseño Gráfico&quot; y &quot;Diseñador Gráfico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14764" CreationDate="2015-09-14T15:17:14.277" Score="2" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre las expresiones &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella pudo verme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella pudo haberme visto&#xA;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T19:07:22.683" Title="Diferencia en significado usando modales" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14763" CreationDate="2015-09-14T19:07:22.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;ella pudo verme&lt;/em&gt; puede tener dos significados distintos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Existía la posibilidad de que me hubiera visto, pero no sé si lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ella fue capaz de verme.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la frase &lt;em&gt;ella pudo haberme visto&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existía la posibilidad de que me hubiera visto, pero no lo llegó a hacer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T19:07:22.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14762" CreationDate="2015-09-14T19:25:34.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si hablas del punto de vista laboral:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DuJB8dy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diseñador&lt;/a&gt; gráfico&lt;/strong&gt; es el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cargo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;título&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; del puesto a ocupar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DuKP0H9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diseño&lt;/a&gt; gráfico&lt;/strong&gt; es la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;profesión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;especialización&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T11:06:17.100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T11:06:17.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-14T21:54:08.523" Score="0" ViewCount="1101" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien tiene una explicación lógica, no subjetiva, a que según la RAE no quepa duda de que Dios exista y sea un ser supremo, mientras que los objetos o seres extraterrestres (podemos estar hablando de bacterias, no necesariamente de organismos más desarrollados) existan sólo &quot;supuestamente&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si mañanana cae un meteorito con bacterias fosilizadas y decimos que son bacterias extraterrestes, según la RAE, ¿Sólo lo serán &quot;supuestamente&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/dios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/dios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;dios. =&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. deus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;1. m. Ser supremo que en las religiones monoteístas es considerado hacedor del universo.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ORTOGR. Escr. con may. inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Deidad a que dan o han dado culto las diversas religiones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/extraterrestre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/extraterrestre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;extraterrestre. =&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que pertenece al espacio exterior de la Tierra o procede de él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;2. adj. Dicho de un objeto o de un ser: Supuestamente venido desde el espacio exterior a la Tierra. U. t. c. s.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho desde el mayor de los respetos a cualquier creencia: En la existencia de otras formas de vida extraterrestes (insisto en que hablo de bacterias, no voy más lejos), parece lógico creer dado que somos el ejemplo viviente de que es posible que se dé, y la probabilidad apunta a que entre trillones o cuatrillones de planetas similares, alguna otra forma de vida habrá evolucionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio de la existencia de ese &quot;ser supremo&quot;, no tenemos ninguna prueba (no digo que no exista). Entonces, ¿Qué sentido tiene que la RAE ponga en duda lo segundo y asuma sin lugar a dudas que Dios existe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;EDIT:&lt;/b&gt; Para evitar entrar a discutir si la RAE asume o no la existencia de Dios, incluyo la definición que da de &quot;espíritu&quot; (que hasta donde yo sé, no hemos demostrado que existan, pero aquí no hay ningún &quot;supuestamente&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/esp%C3%ADritu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/esp%C3%ADritu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;espíritu. =&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Del lat. spirĭtus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ser inmaterial y dotado de razón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Alma racional.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Don sobrenatural y gracia particular &lt;b&gt;que Dios suele dar a algunas criaturas.&lt;/b&gt; Espíritu de profecía.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="705" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T14:09:23.693" Title="RAE: Dios existe pero los seres extraterrestres no. ¿?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ClosedDate="2015-09-16T14:11:14.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14767" CreationDate="2015-09-14T22:15:44.347" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es simplemente que estás intentando entender algo que no está en las definiciones.  Vamos a mirar las dos con cuidado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dios&lt;/strong&gt;: aquí, la primera acepción es la que se escribe con mayúscula, es decir, no &lt;em&gt;dios&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt;.  Lo define como &lt;em&gt;ser supremo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hacedor del universo&lt;/em&gt;, pero hay que tener cuidado.  Dice que así es la definición con respecto a las religiones monoteístas (es decir, no se usaría con respecto a religiones no monoteístas) y además dice «es considerado» (implícitamente por los fieles de dichas religiones), sin entrar en la veracidad o no de la creencia.  La segunda también tiene lenguaje parecido, indicando que es un ser &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; algún sistema de creencias, sin dictar su existencia verdadera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;extraterrestre&lt;/strong&gt;: planteas duda sobre la segunda, habiendo saltado la primera que contiene una definición muy concreta y literal.  Si algo viene de fuera de la Tierra, es, por definición, &lt;em&gt;extraterrestre&lt;/em&gt;.  La segunda acepción no es muy diferente de la primera, excepto que reconoce que hay usos menos literales o cuestionablemente literal aparte de las obviamente figurativas.  Y, ya que todavía no hemos encontrado ningún ser extraterrestre, queda como algo supuesto, teorizado, literario, pero no pertenece a nuestro conocimiento científico actual.  Por tanto, queda como un unicornio que se define como un ser fabuloso, o un agujero negro, con una definición científica pero reconociendo que es «según la teoría de la relatividad» (nada diferente de la definición de Dios) porque no hay ninguna palabra final sobre los agujeros negros.  Puedes comparar la definición del agujero negro con la del agujero de ozono, que se define como «Región de la atmósfera en la que se produce una disminución de la concentración de ozono, más pronunciada en la Antártida» sin tener que especificar un marco teórico o teológico porque forma parte del conocimiento científico actual y es algo bien observado y probado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T07:31:46.970" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T07:31:46.970" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-09-15T00:18:35.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia &lt;strong&gt;frijol&lt;/strong&gt; is used when referring to dried red kidney beans,  while &lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt; refers to the green version of beans.  &lt;strong&gt;Frijol&lt;/strong&gt; is the raw material for &lt;strong&gt;feijoada&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bandeja paisa&lt;/strong&gt; and other custom - Americanized versions of Spain's &lt;strong&gt;favada&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;strong&gt;Frijoles are soaked&lt;/strong&gt; then slowly cooked with pork and served with rice, plantain, more pork, and whatever is related to local preferences.&#xA;On the other hand, &lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt; is not really tasty.  It doesn't belong to a specific dish,  instead it is used in &lt;strong&gt;mom's&lt;/strong&gt; cuisine as a versatile, cheap and convenient ingredient to make stews with meat or poultry.  We are not fans of &lt;strong&gt;habichuelas&lt;/strong&gt;.  They are like grandma's food when you're in the dog house.  Instead we love &lt;strong&gt;frijoles&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T01:04:05.227" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T01:04:05.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2015-09-15T01:04:36.093" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De Nada&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;you're welcome&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;No hay de qué&lt;/code&gt; can mean, &lt;code&gt;don't mention it&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;it was nothing&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;think nothing of it&lt;/code&gt;, pretty much a more elaborate form of thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10819" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T11:59:32.700" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T11:59:32.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T05:12:47.687" Score="2" ViewCount="1096" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note: I am &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; asking about about &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;, /s/ vs /θ/, or how &quot;ce/ci/z&quot; is pronounced in Spain vs Latin America. This question is about the letter &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; and the sound /s/, as in &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;er, e&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;pañol, e&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;, and of course &quot;ce/ci/z&quot; in dialects that lack &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1/how-is-the-letter-s-or-the-s-sound-pronounced-in-spain&quot;&gt;already asked this question&lt;/a&gt;, but none of the answers there (including the accepted one) actually answer it - instead they talk about /s/ vs /θ/. My question is &lt;strong&gt;how is /s/ pronounced in Spain&lt;/strong&gt; that's different from how it's pronounced in other Spanish-speaking areas, and different from how it's pronounced in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read that the Iberian Spanish &quot;s&quot; is pronounced &quot;halfway between the english &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; (/s/) and the english &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; /ʃ/&quot;, and also that it's &quot;retracted&quot; (/s̺/), or that it's &quot;shorter&quot; than the English /s/ - but none of those explanations are very helpful, nor is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative#Retracted_alveolar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt; on retracted alveolar fricatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me describe as precisely as possible how I pronounce /s/ and /ʃ/ (I'm a native speaker of British English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;/s/:&lt;/strong&gt; My tongue is spread wide; the edges of my tongue are  &lt;strong&gt;below&lt;/strong&gt; my molars. My tongue is mostly flat and is forward in my mouth; the tip is slightly below and behind my top teeth, and air escapes through a gap a couple of millimetres wide between my tongue and my incisors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;/ʃ/:&lt;/strong&gt; My tongue is much narrower and taller - it's narrower than my top teeth all the way to the back. The tip is maybe a centimetre behind my top teeth, and my tongue points slightly upwards before curling down again at the tip. Air escapes across and down the tip of my tongue behind my top gums.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone give me a similarly precise description for the Iberian Spanish /s̺/? And is the Latin American /s/ exactly the same as the English /s/ I've described above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10822" LastEditorUserId="10822" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T14:43:57.937" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:46:29.867" Title="How exactly is the letter &quot;s&quot; pronounced in Spain when NOT lisped?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;fonética&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-09-29T12:23:22.917" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2015-09-15T14:31:38.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Magister Scientiarum es Master of Science. En mi diploma recibido en Rusia se me otorga el grado científico de Magister Texnicheskix Nauk, que traducido es Master o Magister of Science in Engineering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10825" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T16:14:40.477" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T16:14:40.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T16:04:05.423" Score="2" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas dos formas es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos el próximo lunes &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; tendremos una interesante entrevista con la directora de educación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos el próximo lunes &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; tendremos una interesante entrevista con la directora de educación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10827" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:11:32.727" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:11:32.727" Title="¿Debo usar &quot;nos vemos el lunes donde tendremos...&quot; o &quot;nos vemos el lunes cuando tendremos...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14775" CreationDate="2015-09-15T16:23:41.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Donde&lt;/code&gt; es un adverbio de &lt;strong&gt;lugar&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que &lt;code&gt;cuando&lt;/code&gt; es un adverbio de &lt;code&gt;tiempo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Cuando&lt;/code&gt; puede ser usado también como conjunción temporal, por lo que dado tu ejemplo puede ser correcto usar el &lt;code&gt;cuando&lt;/code&gt; (forzando el significado de &quot;y entonces&quot;), aunque no es del todo placentero al oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería del todo correcto decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos el próximo lunes CUANDO &lt;strong&gt;tengamos&lt;/strong&gt; la entrevista con la directora de educación. &lt;sub&gt; Nos veremos porque temos la entrevista&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No deberías usar el &lt;code&gt;donde&lt;/code&gt;, ya que no te estás refiriendo a un lugar geográfico, sino a un lugar &quot;temporal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T16:33:12.037" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T16:33:12.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14744" CreationDate="2015-09-18T03:38:19.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish language, in general, there are expressions that are copied from other languages like English (ex: &lt;strong&gt;you don't say!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡no me digas!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) and there are some that are original and never had been copied from a foreign language, for this expression the latter is the case, let's look into that more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a first tip, I am sure that you are going to think that the Spanish people are twisted (&lt;em&gt;we eat green beans with beer as a side serving for lunch&lt;/em&gt;), but &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡que pasada!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is complimentary and derogatory and yes at the same time (&lt;em&gt;according to its context!&lt;/em&gt;) ;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Here's a complimentary example:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por fin encontré tu página web. !Qué pasada! ¡Eres un genio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I found your website at last, (WOW), you are a genius!.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Here's a derogatory example:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasada! me han cobrado cinco mil pavos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What a rip off! they've charged me 5,000 euros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10807" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T09:53:34.590" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T09:53:34.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14779" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14780" CreationDate="2015-09-18T13:22:38.410" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la necesidad de preparar un instructivo para un taller informático, más conocido como &lt;strong&gt;workshop&lt;/strong&gt; y quiero saber qué &lt;strong&gt;tiempo y modo verbal&lt;/strong&gt; utilizar para trasmitir las ideas a fines al taller. &#xA;En un workshop se busca dado un objetivo, lograrlo durante la duración del taller. &#xA;Ejemplo: &quot;Configuración y primeros pasos en Matlab&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastEditorUserId="2953" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T14:01:36.533" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:36:50.357" Title="Lenguaje apropiado para un taller informático" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14779" CreationDate="2015-09-18T15:40:02.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que es un taller, yo usaría el estilo blog o tutorial. No estás haciendo una presentación, sino involucrando a los participantes, así que dejaría de lado estilos más asociados a academia (investigación). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es además una poderosa razón para usar primera persona del plural. Usando &quot;(Nostros) hacemos, escribimos, &lt;em&gt;clickamos&lt;/em&gt;, vemos, etc.&quot; consigues una cercanía con el público que no consigues con la primera persona del singular o con segunda persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca del tiempo verbal, presente de indicativo funciona bien en estos casos. Vemos ejemplos en recetas de libros de cocina, tutoriales paso a paso, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T15:40:02.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14781" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-18T15:59:16.320" Score="6" ViewCount="3952" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días, platicando con unos compañeros, se llegó a la discusión de si la frase &quot;&lt;code&gt;donde mismo&lt;/code&gt;&quot; es correcta o no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se encuentran dos amigos después de no verse durante un año. Al platicar el primer amigo le pregunta al segundo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Y donde vives ahora?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que el segundo amigo responde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Donde mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haciendo referencia a su hogar que es conocido previamente por el primer amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿es correcta la frase &quot;&lt;code&gt;donde mismo&lt;/code&gt;&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="931" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T23:12:04.787" Title="¿La frase &quot;donde mismo&quot;, es correcta?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14779" CreationDate="2015-09-18T17:20:19.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En todo lo referente a programación, sobre todo si es el comienzo, la experiencia previa en el campo aunque sea con otros lenguajes tiene mucho que ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, dado que hay un objetivo a cumplir y normalmente está bien ajustado al tiempo, no suele haber mucho lugar para extenderse, andarse por las ramas o confundir ni siquiera un poco a los participantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más que el tiempo verbal, que simplemente debería ser una primera persona plural del indicativo(tono amable y agradable, ante todo!!), me centraría en el flujo del curso y en los puntos en los que más conflicto pueda surgir para solucionarlos rápidamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10778" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T17:20:19.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14781" CreationDate="2015-09-18T17:59:27.123" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Era la primera vez que veía esa expresión, &lt;del&gt;definitivamente&lt;/del&gt; diría que en el español peninsular no existe: solemos decir «donde siempre», entre otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo una búsqueda en internet lo revela bastante popular (185.000 resultados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese uso se recoge por escrito como mínimo desde 1969: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Puede parecer un disparate gramatical decir: vivo donde mismo. &#xA;Pero es que el uso da vida a muchas locuciones que toman carta &#xA;de ciudadanía y las impone. En vez de decir: vivo allí mismo &#xA;donde ya me viste uno dice, con mayor brevedad y llaneza: &#xA;vivo donde mismo. Y todos entienden.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Muñoz, Diego. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=EuhLTTPs5B8C&quot;&gt;Lenguaje vivo: consultorio del idioma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tajamar-editores.cl/autor/199&quot;&gt;el autor de &lt;em&gt;Lenguaje vivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; reconozca su uso, no he podido encontrar instituciones que lo avalen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T18:10:26.127" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T18:10:26.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14781" CreationDate="2015-09-18T23:12:04.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay otros casos en los que &lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/strong&gt; también se usa después de adverbio o frase adverbial, al menos en mi experiencia en Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora mismo&lt;/strong&gt; te lo devuelvo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está &lt;strong&gt;ahí mismo&lt;/strong&gt;, junto a la radio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo pusieron &lt;strong&gt;al lado mismo&lt;/strong&gt; de mi casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cráter está &lt;strong&gt;debajo mismo&lt;/strong&gt; del parque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te espero &lt;strong&gt;acá mismo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hazlo &lt;strong&gt;así mismo&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;hazlo del mismo modo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces no veo el problema en usarlo después del adverbio relativo &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;). El asunto es que después de un relativo debería venir una oración subordinada, pero me imagino que el significado de &amp;quot;mismo&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;idéntico&lt;/em&gt;) nos permite hacer una elipsis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntémonos en el lugar en que ya nos juntamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntémonos donde ya nos juntamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntémonos donde mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T23:12:04.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4370" CreationDate="2015-09-19T00:26:25.983" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alta yanta&lt;/code&gt; es decir como &lt;code&gt;alta gora&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;remera&lt;/code&gt;, etc... Como que buena remera. Pero en este caso no te esta hablando de la parte de la rueda. Es como una forma de decir de algunas personas. Es como &lt;code&gt;alta garca&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10850" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T20:05:39.483" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T20:05:39.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-19T03:32:50.200" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what &amp;quot;abrir clave&amp;quot; in a company means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pymeseguros.com/se-prev%C3%A9-un-gran-desarrollo-del-seguro-de-alquiler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Se prevé un gran desarrollo del seguro de Alquiler &lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Me sorprende que se diga que quieren canales profesionales y luego &lt;em&gt;abran clave&lt;/em&gt; a una inmobiliaria.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pero si alguien legalmente quiere &lt;em&gt;abrir clave&lt;/em&gt; y cumple las condiciones, la compañía no se lo impide.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rankia.com/foros/seguros/temas/275264-conseguir-claves-companias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Conseguir claves en compañías &lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Re: Conseguir claves en compañías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y yo añadiría, aparte de conseguir la autorización y &lt;em&gt;abrir claves&lt;/em&gt; [...] tiene alguna formación en materia de seguros?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10851" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-31T21:50:46.437" LastActivityDate="2020-12-31T21:50:46.437" Title="Translation of an employee/agent &quot;abrir clave&quot; in an insurance or real estate company?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14786" CreationDate="2015-09-19T15:20:59.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nunca había escuchado &lt;strong&gt;abrir llave&lt;/strong&gt;, posiblemente haga referencia a conseguir la habilitación o licencia para iniciar o abrir una compañía de seguros.&#xA;Saludos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T15:20:59.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14786" CreationDate="2015-09-19T20:42:47.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en este contexto &lt;code&gt;clave&lt;/code&gt; tiene el significado de &quot;autorización, licencia o contrato de un agente dentro de una compañía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rankia.com/foros/seguros/temas/275264-conseguir-claves-companias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el segundo link que enlazas&lt;/a&gt; uno de los usuarios del foro (que parece especialmente profesional en el ramo) dice con respecto a &lt;code&gt;conseguir claves en compañías (Pelayo Liberty, Aviva, etc...)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con respecto a las claves, las generalistas,se matan por &lt;strong&gt;abrir un nuevo &quot;punto de venta&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;; si uno es realmente honesto e independiente ya no les hace tanta gracia pero con la crisis actual todo vale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rankia.com/foros/seguros/temas/1436658-trabajar-como-corredor-seguros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Otro hilo del mismo foro&lt;/a&gt; dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También tienes que tener en cuenta la capacidad de producción que tienes ya que &lt;strong&gt;las compañías quieren hacer rentables sus claves&lt;/strong&gt; y si tienes poca cartera en cada compañía, no serás nadie en ninguna y pasaran olímpicamente de ti, llegando incluso a rechazarte asegurar riesgo que a otros le permiten asegurar sin ningún problema o a &lt;strong&gt;anularte la clave&lt;/strong&gt; pasando los clientes a &lt;strong&gt;clave directa de sucursal&lt;/strong&gt; o a otro agente de la zona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y finalmente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rankia.com/foros/seguros/temas/1022355-puede-tener-codigo-colaboracion-compania-correduria-vez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este otro&lt;/a&gt; respecto a &lt;code&gt;se puede tener código de agente en una compañía y a la vez colaborar también con una correduría asesorando para los dos sitios&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para más aclaración también se prohibe la actividad conjunta de varios agentes de seguros de tal forma que se simule el ejercicio como agente vinculado o como correduría, algo muy castizo en algunos ejemplares que &lt;strong&gt;tienen claves a nombre del cónyuge, de los hijos, de la suegra y del perro para aparentar ser corredores&lt;/strong&gt; sin serlo con el grave perjuicio que pueden causar a su clientela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por tanto parece ser que las &lt;code&gt;claves&lt;/code&gt; identifican a agentes dentro de compañías.&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;Conseguir clave&quot; en una compañía sería que te aceptasen como agente. la &lt;em&gt;jerga&lt;/em&gt; sería &quot;abrir clave&quot;. Por eso (como vemos en el primer ejemplo) &quot;abrir clave&quot; para estas compañías es &quot;abrir un nuevo &lt;em&gt;punto de venta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que es este nuevo corredor de seguros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo ejemplo vemos que se llama &lt;code&gt;clave&lt;/code&gt; al agente (o a la autorización del agente para representarlas). &quot;Las empresas quieren hacer rentables sus claves&quot;, es decir, que el agente se haga rentable a través de vender muchos seguros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente en el tercero, donde se dice que &quot;tienen claves a nombre de otros&quot;, parece ser que dice que algunos de estos agentes simulan tener a otros agentes o clientes (claves) en sus empresas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T20:42:47.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-20T09:42:47.617" Score="10" ViewCount="1370" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today, as I was expanding my vocabulary, I've come across the verb &quot;andar&quot;. I looked it up and I noticed that it has several meanings. One is &quot;to walk&quot;. I thought of &quot;caminar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &quot;caminar&quot; and &quot;andar&quot; be used interchangeably, or is there any rule which determines when to use &quot;andar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7063" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T23:57:45.697" Title="Are &quot;caminar&quot; and &quot;andar&quot; interchangeable?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2119" CreationDate="2015-09-20T20:18:47.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not so sure that any of these examples are crystal clear, so let me give it a try: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona/s= An individual or several individuals of the human race. Example: Hablé con una persona de la organización (I spoke with A PERSON from the organización).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gente= a set of &quot;personas&quot; forming a group. Example: Hablé con la gente de la organización (I spoke with THE PEOPLE from the organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persona/s are individual people, or several people, but in principle you could count them up. So saying &quot;me gusta las personas aqui&quot; (I like the people here) is wrong. If you like a person &quot;here,&quot; then you could for example say &quot;me gusta una persona se llama Beatriz (I like a person named Beatriz. That's not wrong, but it sounds stilted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gente are a group of people. You couldn't literally count them up yourself. You could say &quot;me gusta la gente aqui&quot; (I like the people here). Not one person but everybody collectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10855" LastActivityDate="2015-09-20T20:18:47.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14789" CreationDate="2015-09-20T20:23:46.110" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caminar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; is used mostly for the physical act of walking and not much else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo camino a mi trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella camina a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some exceptions, of course, but probably not worth mentioning here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Andar can also mean &lt;em&gt;to walk&lt;/em&gt; and in that sense is nearly interchangeable with &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt;, although &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; is probably used more commonly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo ando a mi trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella anda a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as shown &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/andar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=andar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; also has many other meanings. I'll just list a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo ando en bicicleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Porqué anda con una cara triste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coche no anda bien, porque tiene una llanta desinflada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find many more examples in the links I provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To summarize,&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caminar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;is mostly used to mean &amp;quot;to walk&amp;quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andar,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;although it can also mean &amp;quot;to walk&amp;quot;, is used more for other meanings such as &amp;quot;to go&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to travel&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to function&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to act&amp;quot;, and more.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-20T20:23:46.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14803" CreationDate="2015-09-21T11:59:48.023" Score="0" ViewCount="7763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't speak Spanish, but I noticed that Colombian Spanish (as in the TV series &quot;Narcos&quot;) and Mexican Spanish sound very different (like Japanese and Chinese). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt that I notice any subtle differences in vocabulary subconsciously, but it's as if Mexican is more &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tonal&lt;/a&gt; (like Chinese). Is that possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia does mention tonality in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mexican Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, but suggests that only some Mexicans should have it, which seems contrary to my personal experience though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10861" LastEditorUserId="10861" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T01:59:21.943" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T01:59:21.943" Title="Why does Colombian sound so different from Mexican?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14794" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:15:08.333" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same reason British, American and Australian English (among others) sounds different. People from different regions tend to develop their own accent, and with time maybe their own dialect or &quot;version&quot; of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish from the south of Spain (Andalusia) sounds different from the Spanish from the &quot;center&quot; regions, such as Madrid or Valladolid, which sound different from the Spanish spoken in other regions (Galicia, Vasque Country, Catalonia, etc.). The same can be said about the English spoken in Boston, Texas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The vocabulary in each country tends to be &quot;consistent&quot; (migration would of course &quot;import&quot; some off the &quot;oddities&quot; of a dialect into another). In each country there might be a different dialect. I would use &quot;conducir&quot; in Castilian Spanish, where someone from other latin american countries would say &quot;manejar&quot;. Again, the same way that British and American would differ in words such as &quot;center/centre&quot; or &quot;lift/elevator&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombian and Mexican may sound very different, but if you were exposed to other dialects (like Argentinian, which I don't think is depicted in the show) you would notice that is even more different (differing not only in how it sounds or by using as slightly different vocabulary, but using sometimes different grammar too, like the use of &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T14:37:34.327" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T14:37:34.327" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5545" CreationDate="2015-09-21T17:44:04.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This statement is not intended to be offensive, it is sort of a slang for &quot;is the coast clear?&quot; Its background portrays to the history of Spain regaining their territories from the Moors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10863" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T18:14:06.747" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T18:14:06.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2015-09-21T20:59:23.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Preface: After roughly 5 years of anguish, asperity, tribulation, wail, and woe; no resource helped my continual failure to pronounce [r] (the IPA symbol for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trill_consonant#Phonemic_trills0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alveolar trill&lt;/a&gt;). But today, I ail no more! Hallelujah!&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An hour ago before writing this post, I fortuitously encountered this &lt;a href=&quot;http://qr.ae/RoH1Ik&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quora answer&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/Clarissa-Lohr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clarissa Lohr&lt;/a&gt; that successfully guided me to pronounce [br]. Though I have yet to perfect [r] itself, I now need only to learn to drop the [b] in [br], to pronounce [r].  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I emend it slightly to ameliorate readability, and to correct the IPA symbols used. For me, step 4 happened to be my first time and precise instant of pronouncing [r], to my eternal joy! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I learned it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. I would endlessly repeat the word [bəˈda].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The first sound should be labial, but it can be a voiced [b] or a voiceless, but very unaspirated [p], as you prefer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The second sound should be short, unstressed and possibly easy to produce. I prefer Schwa (the vowel in &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;bout) since it's the least marked vowel for me, but if your native language doesn't have this sound, you may replace it by another vowel. [The IPA represents this sound, schwa, with [ə]] What matters is that this vowel comes naturally to you, and that you can pronounce it effortlessly.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The third sound should be a [d]&lt;br&gt;&#xA; and the last sound should be a low vowel, i.e. [a] or something similar. This vowel should be stressed and you can lengthen it a bit if you like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Then I would gradually shorten the first vowel, the Schwa. I tried to make it as short as I could. This took quite a while, so don't be impatient. I used to repeat the word for weeks, every time I was having a shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. Finally I had shortened the vowel into non-existence. I was actually saying [bda]. The word had become monosyllabic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. At this point the [d] automatically changed into [ɾ̼]: the alveolar flap.&#xA;Then I somehow tried to hold the [ɾ̼] instead of immediately lowering my tongue to produce the [a]. It worked and the sound changed to [r].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5. Once I had mastered this I varied the phonological context for [r]. Non-coronal adjacent consonants are easier, so I first tried [kr]. [tr], [sr] etc. are a little trickier, and until this day I can't say [ʃr]. I also tried preconsonantal [r]. This was a little harder but finally I could say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T21:06:34.460" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T21:06:34.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14799" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14800" CreationDate="2015-09-22T02:25:29.110" Score="4" ViewCount="1680" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuchando &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cmtv.com.ar/discos_letras/letra.php?bnid=56&amp;amp;tmid=383&amp;amp;tema=NOS_VOLVEREMOS_A_VER&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos volveremos a ver&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Andrés Calamaro, una frase me resulta curiosa: &quot;A pesar de ser bonito, nunca dormí en el palito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado por foros de internet el significado de dicha expresión, sin éxito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En algunos foros mencionan que la frase hace alusión a que, a pesar de ser atractivo, nunca tuvo relaciones homosexuales, digamos, tomando &quot;el palito&quot; como alusión al miembro viril.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En otros foros he leido que &quot;el palito&quot; es un coloquialismo usado para referirse a la prisión, pero aún así, no encuentro mucho sentido dado el contexto de la frase completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si es una expresión argentina o si se trata de algo que se inventó Calamaro en esta canción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T14:42:43.137" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T14:42:43.137" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de la expresión &quot;A pesar de ser bonito, nunca dormí en el palito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14799" CreationDate="2015-09-22T03:50:25.313" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La letra no es de Calamaro sino de Jorge Larrosa, autor del libro &lt;em&gt;Postales tumberas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Tumbero&lt;/em&gt; significa relativo a la cárcel. La letra de la canción tiene temática &lt;em&gt;tumbera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;palito&lt;/em&gt; es un sector de la cárcel donde duermen los que no son admitidos en el pabellón por los otros presos, como se describe en el siguiente párrafo, que es parte de una descripción de la cárcel de Villa Devoto, en Buenos Aires:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada pabellón o cuadro es un rectángulo que mide 35 por 7 u 8 metros de ancho, a ambos lados tiene grandes ventanas, muchas de ellas sin vidrios, con filas de camas en cada lado, quedando un pasillo en el medio donde se colocan las mesas, utensillos, alimentos, formándose lo que se conoce como “ranchada”. Durante la noche este pasillo queda cubierto de colchones y cobertores por el hacinamiento existente. En la mitad del pabellón hay una especie de jaula donde se encuentra el celador y luego de esta reja se ubica el comedor (“&lt;strong&gt;el palito&lt;/strong&gt;”) con una gran mesa y al costado de ésta otras “ranchadas” donde viven quienes no pueden ingresar al pabellón porque trabajan o porque son “mal vistos” y sometidos a golpizas.-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T03:50:25.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14794" CreationDate="2015-09-22T16:30:53.463" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;They sound different, simply put, because Spanish is an evolving language. To address why could be difficult because there are many factors: isolation, exposure to other languages, development of local colloquialisms, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several accents of both Colombian Spanish and Mexican Spanish, all with their own distinguishing characteristics (differences in intonation, pronunciation of phonemes, even the diminishing or deletion of some phonemes altogether) and to pinpoint direct causes is a bit tricky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once read that many of the differences in the accents of Latin America come from even which part of Spain the immigrants who migrated during the Colonial Era to each respective area came from (ie. some from Galicia, some from Sevilla, etc.) however I'm not sure as to what extent that influenced the two larger dialects in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another factor is contact with local languages; both colonists in Colombia and Mexico came into contact with different native tribes and civilizations and those interactions gave way to different loanwords to each dialect, and perhaps even had an effect on the local accent. It is said that the s dropping phenomenon that occurs in many coastal dialects, including in Colombia, is a result of the influence of indigenous languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isolation, however, is probably the biggest factor. Leave different communities separated by much distance with little contact for several hundred years and the dialects tend to diverge. The thing about language is that it changes to stay relevant to the population speaking it, and there are many socio-political factors that play into that. Now are they still very similar? Yes but there are definitely some notable differences, which you have noted by listening to Colombian dialects and comparing them to the more familiar Mexican dialects you have heard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now as far as tonality, I wouldn't say Mexican Spanish is tonal at all. Sure there are some interesting intonations in some dialects, but the concept of tonality (such as the one that exists in Chinese) implies that the tone of words has some effect on the meaning of the speech. In Mandarin, there are 4 distinguished tones that are attached to every syllable, such that a word will change meaning simply by changing the tone that you say it in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would agree that some Mexican dialects have some interesting intonation when compared to other dialects, but this is a characteristic of the dialect and doesn't actually have any effect on the speech. Compare the differences in some British dialects of English and American English; you will notice some degree of similarity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you are interested in hearing a more sing-song-y dialect of Colombian Spanish, look up the Paisa accent. You will notice an even greater emphasis on intonation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10869" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T16:30:53.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14779" CreationDate="2015-09-22T17:36:50.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo, personalmente utilizaría el tiempo presente y la primera persona del plural cuando haya que indicar paso por paso lo que los alumnos tienen que hacer en sus ordenadores. &#xA;Cuando hables de la programación en sí, creo que el impersonal es el modo más correcto, al fin y al cabo te refieres a lo que &quot;se hace&quot; en programación y no lo que &quot;hacemos&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10871" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:36:50.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14771" CreationDate="2015-09-22T17:46:29.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish, and I pronounce the letter 's' by putting the the sides of my tongue below the molars and the tip right behind my front upper teeth (without actually touching them), so all gaps are closed except for that one, and air can just escape from there. &#xA;I hope that made sense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10871" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:46:29.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14807" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14808" CreationDate="2015-09-23T09:04:51.727" Score="4" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try to translate following dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hablas inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, pero probé aprender lo/le/la&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which form is correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T09:47:30.847" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T09:47:30.847" Title="What's the gender of the languages?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14807" CreationDate="2015-09-23T12:08:36.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The languages in Spanish are masculine and the suffix -lo is masculine too. Therefore the correct translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, pero probé aprenderlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10878" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T12:08:36.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14816" CreationDate="2015-09-23T21:11:32.413" Score="6" ViewCount="938" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy programando una aplicación móvil y en cierta parte debemos señalar que un empleado se retiro anticipadamente, es decir, se fue del trabajo antes de lo que indicaba su turno. El problema es su longitud que ocupa mucho espacio en las vistas de la aplicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que no conocemos una palabra que describa esta situación (como &quot;Atraso&quot; en caso de que llegue más tarde de lo que indica su turno) ni se nos ha ocurrido una frase más corta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna palabra que se considere adecuada o alguna frase sinónima más corta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10885" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:19:52.523" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:19:52.523" Title="¿Palabra adecuada para referirse a un retiro anticipado?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-23T22:56:54.693" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión podrías usar el término 'salida anticipada'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10872" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T22:56:54.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-23T23:04:56.110" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría el verbo desecharse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deseche&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Desecha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T23:04:56.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-24T00:59:48.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo pondría &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Se retira&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Me parece que queda implícito que el retiro es anticipado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T00:59:48.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14722" CreationDate="2015-09-24T01:42:43.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;tarea&quot; además de la escuela, puede usarse en más ámbitos. Por ejemplo las tareas del hogar con las que suelen referirse a las que hacen las amas de casa... o las tareas de bricolaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Deberes&quot; puede emplearse para recalcar que es algo que debe hacerse... pero normalmente se usa en el ambito escolar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me expreso muy bien en ingles, lo siento... podría contestar en inglés pero me quedaría con la duda de si me he expresado correctamente... o no he hecho otra cosa aparte de confundirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien domina el inglés y me entiende... agradeceria que dejase un subcomentario a mi comentario en el cual traduce mi mensaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8928" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T01:42:43.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-24T02:52:50.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizaría &lt;strong&gt;salida temprana&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque sólo sea 2 caracteres más corta que tu frase original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T02:52:50.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-24T08:28:54.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se retiró antes? &#xA;Podrías jugar un poco con la frase o la oración para hacerla más corta. En vez de &lt;em&gt;anticipadamente&lt;/em&gt; puedes utilizar &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;. Además si el contexto indica que fue antes de la hora de su turno, se entenderá bien. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10890" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T08:28:54.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-24T13:22:25.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al leer &lt;code&gt;retiro anticipado&lt;/code&gt; he pensado que el empleado se &lt;strong&gt;jubilaba&lt;/strong&gt; anticipadamente. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=VJKQUBfgTDXX222oCvtc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Retiro&lt;/code&gt; en español&lt;/a&gt; tiene más connotación de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recogimiento, apartamiento y abstracción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o de alcanzar la edad (o condición) de jubilación que de salida del trabajo. Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=uZQp72IicDXX2X36HOaf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retirado&lt;/a&gt; es alguien que &quot;alcanza la situación de retiro&quot;. Esto es, deja de trabajar (no por el día, sino por razón de edad o similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera opción que a mi se me ocurre sería &lt;code&gt;incompleto&lt;/code&gt;, pero esto tampoco funciona del todo bien, porque el turno puede quedar incompleto también si el trabajador entra tarde o se toma más tiempo del necesario para almorzar o se ausenta durante el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda opción sería usar &lt;code&gt;inacabado&lt;/code&gt;. Tampoco me parece ideal, pero dado que quieres economizar en espacio/caracteres y estás usando &lt;code&gt;atraso&lt;/code&gt; para &quot;llega tarde&quot; creo que sería razonable usar &lt;code&gt;inacabado&lt;/code&gt; para indicar &quot;sale temprano: deja el turno &lt;em&gt;inacabado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ser que el turno no quede &lt;em&gt;incompleto&lt;/em&gt; si por ejemplo el trabajador entra una hora antes y se marcha una hora antes también (no sé cómo de flexible es la aplicación o la lógica de negocio). Una tercera opción podría ser usar un simple antónimo de &quot;atraso&quot; como es &quot;adelanto&quot;. Puede significar &quot;adelanto en la hora de salida&quot;, pero no sé si esto interfiere con otros casos de la aplicación, como que el empleado entre antes. Eso ya sería consideración tuya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, mis propuestas serían (no necesariamente en orden de mejor a peor):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;incompleto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inacabado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adelanto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T13:31:25.737" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14794" CreationDate="2015-09-24T15:07:09.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is like Darwinian language evolution.  Language tones and vocabulary is very localized.  Even within Colombia there are huge regional variations.  All due to geography.  People in north caribbean coast speak really different from people in Antioquia (where the real Pablo Escobar was born), and from Bogota., and from Cali, and from Pasto.  Colombia is a rich country in terms of ethnicities, geography and so on, food, language (all colombians speak spanish but tone and vocabulary vary a lot), anthropometry,  you'll find blond people, brown people with grey eyes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T15:07:09.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14819" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-24T23:19:00.983" Score="4" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no problem pronouncing the letter &lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt; correctly in Spanish except when it's followed by the letter &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt; .  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in the words &lt;code&gt;podría&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Madrid&lt;/code&gt;.  It's a challenge for my whole vocal system.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any websites to help with the more challenging aspect of getting the spanish accent correct?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part when I speak people don't think Spanish is my second language but it's this one thing I am really struggling with.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for websites!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T07:39:33.450" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T09:22:49.893" Title="Pronouncing words with the letter &quot;d&quot; followed by the letter &quot;r&quot; - Podría" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14789" CreationDate="2015-09-24T23:57:45.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I understand it, in Spanish spoken in the central pacific part of Mexico and in Los Angeles, caminar is used to express &quot;to walk:, andar is used to express &quot;go around walking&quot; or &quot;to walk around&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T23:57:45.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-25T07:32:12.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que no es muy usado pero es adecuado para tu situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;retiro precoz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un poco más corto que &lt;em&gt;retiro anticipado&lt;/em&gt; pero no por mucho. Nosé si sea adecuado a tu situación. Pero pienso que sí deja en claro la idea de que el empleado se retiró antes de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que no hay muchos sinónimos de &lt;code&gt;anticipar&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T07:32:12.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14819" CreationDate="2015-09-25T09:22:49.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When /d/ is followed by /r/, most times /d/ is pronounced [ð], i.e. as the 'th' in &quot;mother&quot;. Would this be easier for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T09:22:49.893" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14826" CreationDate="2015-09-25T15:14:17.610" Score="4" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was translating a certificate from a crematorium but I got stuck at the last paragraph. It says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... entregamos las prótesis no consumidas en la incineración a un &lt;strong&gt;gestor de residuos&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do understand the most of it but I have no idea how I should translate &lt;code&gt;a un gestor de residuos&lt;/code&gt; into English. What is the English equivalent? Anyone can help me please? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10896" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T16:04:13.197" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T17:01:53.617" Title="&quot;...a un gestor de residuos&quot;??? What is it in English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14825" CreationDate="2015-09-25T16:08:10.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gestión de residuos&lt;/code&gt; podría ser &lt;code&gt;waste management&lt;/code&gt; o incluso &lt;code&gt;Hazardous Waste Management&lt;/code&gt; si son peligrosos para el medio ambiente o la salud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado el contexto, ignoro si &quot;manager&quot; (waste manager) sería la mejor traducción, y debería ser un &quot;(Hazardous) Waste agent/factory/plant/...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the best translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We give any prothesis not consumed in the incineration/cremation to a waste management facility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T17:01:53.617" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T17:01:53.617" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-26T19:15:30.573" Score="4" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La norma no escrita en las relaciones con las minorías parlamentarias de CiU ha permitido tradicionalmente durante los últimos veinte años que la Generalitat distribuyera estratégicamente a sus agentes delegados en las comisiones de control económico. &lt;strong&gt;El pacto se ha hecho efectivo siempre y con independencia de que el Gobierno surgido de las urnas necesitase o no los votos del grupo catalán para imponer una mayoría estable&lt;/strong&gt; en el Congreso de los Diputados. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was reading this paragraph in El Confidencial online, and what I don't know is what the second sentence means (with this &quot;surgir .. necesitase o no&quot; syntax). Could you help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10903" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T13:10:37.317" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T13:10:37.317" Title="Hacer algo necesitase o no" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14831" CreationDate="2015-09-27T00:38:02.283" Score="7" ViewCount="588" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que puedo traducir algunos pronombres reflexivos, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo quiero hacer por mí mismo. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(mí mismo -&amp;gt; myself)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él no podía hacerlo por sí mismo. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(sí mismo -&amp;gt; himself, herself, itself)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero cómo traduciría pronombres como estos que son plurales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ourselves -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;nos mismo??&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;themselves -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;sí mismos??&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;yourselves -&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;sí mismos??&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si pudieran usar los pronombres en algunas frases como ejemplos sería perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T01:48:20.563" Title="Como traducir pronombres reflexivos (&quot;myself&quot;, &quot;yourself&quot;, &quot;ourselves&quot;, etc.)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14828" CreationDate="2015-09-27T01:40:24.080" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es importante tener en cuenta que &lt;strong&gt;a veces&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando se usa en español la palabra &lt;strong&gt;mismo(s)&lt;/strong&gt; tras un pronombre, es en general cuando en inglés se usó la preposición &lt;strong&gt;by&lt;/strong&gt; antes del pronombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción de esos pronombres es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ourselves&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nosotros mismos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When we find &lt;strong&gt;ourselves&lt;/strong&gt; with a large shop&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuando &lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; encontramos con una gran tienda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We had to carry our equipment and supplies &lt;strong&gt;by ourselves&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tuvimos que cargar nuestro equipo y los suministros &lt;strong&gt;por nosotros mismos&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;themselves&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sí mismos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Standardisation and harmonisation do not add value &lt;strong&gt;by themselves&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La normalización y la armonización no añaden valor &lt;strong&gt;por sí mismas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will of course be up to the groups to organize &lt;strong&gt;themselves&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por supuesto que los propios grupos deberán organizarse a &lt;strong&gt;sí mismos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yourselves&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ustedes mismos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do not try to diagnose postpartum depression &lt;strong&gt;by yourselves&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No trate de diagnosticar &lt;strong&gt;por ustedes mismos&lt;/strong&gt; la depresión postparto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do not be afraid to ask &lt;strong&gt;yourselves&lt;/strong&gt; these questions!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡No tengan miedo de hacerse estas preguntas a &lt;strong&gt;ustedes mismos&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Ejemplos tomados de www.linguee.com&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T01:48:20.563" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T01:48:20.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14827" CreationDate="2015-09-27T01:53:03.770" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... surgido de las urnas ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means that that government was &lt;strong&gt;elected&lt;/strong&gt;, but focusing in the fact that it was elected by vote (hence the word &lt;strong&gt;urnas&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, that phrase is just a complement of the noun &lt;strong&gt;government&lt;/strong&gt;. Bearing that in mind, you can just see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... de que el Gobierno (el que surgió de las urnas) necesitase o no los votos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That can be reduced even further:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... de que el Gobierno necesitase o no los votos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, the phrase: &lt;strong&gt;necesitase o no&lt;/strong&gt;, means &quot;whether it needs that or not&quot;, that is to say, in both cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T04:48:46.263" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T04:48:46.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4303" CreationDate="2015-09-27T02:53:16.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se refiere a las nalgas porque los hombres dicen de las mujeres y las mujeres de los hombres: &quot;Qué lindo orto...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez se usa más en Uruguay. Es una palabra grosera, pero también se considera graciosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10904" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T13:07:34.963" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T13:07:34.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14836" CreationDate="2015-09-27T18:10:45.273" Score="3" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3We7p78XTo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;canción interesante&lt;/a&gt; de Enrique Iglesias. Sin embargo no puedo entender lo que el autor quiere decir en un estribillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Venga nos fuimos de fiesta de noche y de día&#xA;Fusión internacional baila que trae alegría&#xA;Venga que siga la fiesta de noche y de día&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que sé que significa el último renglón: &lt;code&gt;Come on, cause the party continues at night and during the day&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el principio significa: &lt;code&gt;Come on, we were at the party night and day&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero probablemente no tengo razón. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Estaría agradecido por vuestra ayuda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="2826" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T18:26:18.640" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T03:31:21.263" Title="What does &quot;Venga nos fuimos de fiesta&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14835" CreationDate="2015-09-27T18:15:25.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first part means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yeah, we were at party night and day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just as you said, and the second part means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Come on, let's continue the party night and day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T18:15:25.473" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14835" CreationDate="2015-09-28T03:31:21.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might cause confusion, but in the context and the usage, the first phrase doesn't refers to a completed past action, but a continuous one that started in the past and is still occurring: The guy went on party and is still in there. ;)&#xA;The last part means something to what @Jaime said: &quot;Come on, let's keep partying all night and day&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's a party boy. :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10908" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T03:31:21.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-28T13:11:32.040" Score="7" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am converting from English to Spanish in an electrical program.  It appears that the following abbreviations are the same in Spanish.  Am I correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voltage = V&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ampere = A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hertz = Hz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kilo-volt-ampere - kVa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kilowatt - kW&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kilovolt-Ampere Reactive - kVar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kilopascals - kPa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10909" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T13:14:38.520" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T15:09:10.387" Title="Electrical conversions" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14838" CreationDate="2015-09-28T13:23:50.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If capital letters matter then kVa should be kVA and kVar should be kVAr. The rest seem correct to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5318" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T13:23:50.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14838" CreationDate="2015-09-28T15:09:10.387" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be precise, those are not abbreviations, but symbols. That's the reason why they don't end with a dot. And the symbols for all physical magnitudes are international.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As YoMismo says, you have &lt;code&gt;kVA&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;kVAr&lt;/code&gt; wrong; but, other than that, everything is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T15:09:10.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14841" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14842" CreationDate="2015-09-28T22:35:58.103" Score="5" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a good English translation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.caappr.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Colegio de Arquitectos y Arquitectos Paisajistas de Puerto Rico&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I simply said &quot;College of Architects&quot; until my friend notified me that &lt;em&gt;Colegio de Abogados&lt;/em&gt; translates as &lt;strong&gt;Bar Association&lt;/strong&gt; (though Google translate gives &lt;strong&gt;Law School&lt;/strong&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we are referring to a &lt;em&gt;professional association&lt;/em&gt; of architects and I did not have a good answer for her.  College of Architects sounded fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T14:17:43.873" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T14:17:43.873" Title="English for &quot;Colegio de Arquitectos&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14841" CreationDate="2015-09-29T02:52:09.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subject of the Spanish word &lt;code&gt;Colegio&lt;/code&gt; is very interesting, due to the very known fact that its uses are spread along a very wide range of topics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is interesting not only in Spanish. Even when dealing with an association of professionals with the same title, when in Spanish almost always is used the word &lt;code&gt;Colegio&lt;/code&gt;, in English we found ourselves with many options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Architects, I got this &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=college+of+architects%2Cassociation+of+architects%2Cinstitute+of+architects%2Carchitect%27s+association&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ccollege%20of%20architects%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cassociation%20of%20architects%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cinstitute%20of%20architects%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Carchitect%20%27s%20association%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Z6ir.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Z6ir.png&quot; alt=&quot;GoogleNgram&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this graph, it is clear that &quot;Association of Architects&quot; has been more used than &quot;College of Architects&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to what I found searching in Google, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Association of Architects&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is indeed the most used form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T02:58:09.220" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T02:58:09.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14809" CreationDate="2015-09-29T11:21:12.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llego tarde, y sé que la pregunta se ha dado ya por contestada, pero quisiera aportar alguna opción más. Si no se usa, espero que por lo menos sirva para que a alguien se le ocurra algo más adecuado que cualquier opción que incluya «retiro», puesto que personalmente me parece que se presta muchísimo a confusión (por «jubilación»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;John Smith: Se ausenta. 15:04&lt;br&gt;&#xA;John Smith: Abandono. 15:04&lt;br&gt;&#xA;John Smith: Dejación. 15:04&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las dos últimas tienen connotación negativa. «Ausente», «ausencia» o «absentismo» me hacen pensar en que el trabajador no llegó a presentarse a su puesto, por lo que he preferido usar la forma pronominal que además de estar más abierta a interpretarse como una partida, es más neutra de connotaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T11:21:12.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T12:28:11.047" Score="9" ViewCount="10584" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se utiliza bastante en España la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;dar la brasa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; cuando alguien molesta hablando profusamente sobre un tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan siempre está dando la brasa con el fútbol, parece que no sepa&#xA;  hablar de otro tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando pero no encuentro ningún origen conocido para esta expresión. ¿Alguien lo sabe? Además, ¿se usa también en otras regiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T21:27:49.843" LastActivityDate="2019-05-21T17:37:42.353" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;dar la brasa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11866" CreationDate="2015-09-29T17:22:43.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always say 'Hablo muy poquito Espanol&quot; to let people know I speak very little Spanish and they seem to understand perfectly. If you can speak a fair amount you can change 'poquito' to 'poco'. Good luck! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10916" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T17:22:43.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14846" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T21:19:02.123" Score="4" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viajé alguna vez con Iberia y la sobrecargo dijo al final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Gracias por viajar con Iberia. &lt;strong&gt;Confiamos&lt;/strong&gt; haberle ofrecido un buen servicio&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá me maravilla que la traducción que después ella pronunció en inglés del texto en negritas haya sido: &lt;strong&gt;we trust&lt;/strong&gt;. Normalmente alguien que ofrece un servicio diría &lt;em&gt;esperamos haber ofrecido&lt;/em&gt; o algo así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué acepción de &lt;em&gt;confiar&lt;/em&gt; es esta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T23:36:35.307" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;confiamos haberle ofrecido un buen servicio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14846" CreationDate="2015-09-29T21:33:31.080" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dadas estas dos posibles frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Confiamos haberle ofrecido un buen servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esperamos haberle ofrecido un buen servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda da más claramente la idea de seguridad de parte de quien la dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar confiado de algo &amp;lt;==&amp;gt; Tener la confianza en ese algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto último, es mucho más &amp;quot;fuerte&amp;quot; que el simple &lt;strong&gt;esperar&lt;/strong&gt; que algo sea como se supone que debiera haber sido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/confiar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Esperar con firmeza y seguridad. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T21:33:31.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14849" CreationDate="2015-09-29T22:08:00.990" Score="5" ViewCount="23028" Body="&lt;p&gt;He aprendido palabras como &lt;code&gt;donde&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cuando&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;como&lt;/code&gt; que se escribe sin acento en algunos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se escribe esas palabras (y otras más) con acento cuando están usadas en una pregunta y algunos otros tipos de frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando viene la noche, está oscuro afuera. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(sin acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vas a tu casa? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(con acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como era tarde, traté de dormir. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(sin acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo le va, amigo? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(con acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde el va, yo no quiero ir. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(sin acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde pasa el carro? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(con acento)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se escribe preguntas así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se lee diferente la pregunta sin acento, o tal vez esas palabras tienen otro significado en una pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:53:02.167" Title="¿Qué propósito tiene el acento en una pregunta? (dónde, qué, cuándo, etc.)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14848" CreationDate="2015-09-29T22:34:07.597" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modifica la pronunciación de las palabras dentro de una oración.  Bajo la nueva ortografía (2010), las únicas palabras que existen en dos variantes con o sin tilde, aunque con la misma sílaba acentuada, son las palabras que existen en una forma no acentuada (átona) y una acentuada (tónica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las variantes sin tilde son las que no llevan el acento prosódico.  Estas, siendo átonas, se adjuntan a otras palabras sí acentuadas durante la pronunciación y no existen independiente de las otras.  Por ejemplo, si digo, «te lo diré», la pronunciación es como si fuera una palabra entera «telodiré».  Pero digo «tráeme un té», la pronunciación sale «tráeme unté» (los artículos también carecen de acento prosódico y se juntan con el adjetivo o sustantivo que les sigue).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, podemos verlo, que se pronuncian como tales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuandoviéne lanóche, está oscúro afuéra &lt;sub&gt;(sin tilde, &lt;em&gt;cuandoviene&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia más como una palabra que como dos)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuándo vás atucása&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comoéra tárde, traté dedormír&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cómo levá, amígo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dondél va, yo noquiéro ír.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dónde pása elcárro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como has adivinado, las palabras son diferentes.  Cuando es una palabra tónica (con tilde), es una interrogativa que reemplaza un lugar desconocido, si no, es un relativo que inicia una cláusula nueva describiendo un sitio conocido.  Las formas sin tilde nunca se acentúan en el habla normal, las formas con tilde siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T02:13:08.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14848" CreationDate="2015-09-30T01:17:31.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando haces preguntas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;qué, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cómo, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;quién,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cuándo,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;dónde, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;por qué, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;para qué,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;llevan tilde para denotar que son preguntas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cómo te llamas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué haces?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cuándo nos vamos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún cuando las preguntas sean implícitas,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No se cuándo vamos a ir a comprar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Investiga cómo se llama.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T01:17:31.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14844" CreationDate="2015-09-30T08:29:04.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tampoco he conseguido averiguar el origen de esa expresión. Sin embargo, encontré una referencia sobre el uso de la misma en una novela escrita en 1998: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... tío, ese bardeo te lo regalé yo, y un regalo no se regala,&#xA;  protestó Mónica. Anda, amor, no des la BRASA &quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;   (Beatriz y los cuerpos celestes, pág. 200).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada esta referencia y la escasa información acerca del origen de dicha expresión, se me ocurre que este coloquialismo pudiera ser relativamente reciente (incluso puede que por la misma razón no se ha incluido en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/brasa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de esta expresión, te aseguro que por lo menos en México no la utilizamos (quizá tampoco en nigún otro país de Latinoamérica) y estoy casi seguro que sólo se utiliza en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T09:43:53.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14857" CreationDate="2015-09-30T11:01:27.747" Score="12" ViewCount="30512" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=l6CJzmr9ZDXX2pXnH11Y%7CPDmfcXgODDXX21o6nnfxhi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;huida&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no lleva tilde. Si &quot;caída&quot; la lleva, ¿por qué esta no si al fin y al cabo suenan igual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos si analizo bien la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra se separa en sílabas como sigue: &lt;code&gt;/hu-i-da/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dado que /ui/ es diptongo, para convertirlo en hiato debemos añadir la tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como posible explicación, leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acentuaci%C3%B3n_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol#Diptongos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Acentuación del idioma español - diptongos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En algunas palabras, estas combinaciones vocálicas a veces se&#xA;  pronuncian incorrectamente como hiatos (por ejemplo «fluir», a veces&#xA;  se pronuncia como hiato /flu-ir/), pero a efectos de acentuación&#xA;  gráfica son siempre diptongos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que mi hipótesis es: ¿será que se pronuncia &lt;code&gt;/hui-da/&lt;/code&gt; y no &lt;code&gt;/hu-i-da/&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T13:29:06.080" Title="¿Por qué la palabra &quot;huida&quot; no lleva tilde?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14859" CreationDate="2015-09-30T12:20:27.790" Score="3" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started learning Spanish a few weeks ago and there is something that puzzles me. I'm a fluent English and French speaker (French being my native tongue) and I don't understand why some sentences seemingly need to contain &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;al&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per example, I've seen this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo al niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él ayuda a su hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand why the &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; is needed there. In both English and French, it does not make sense to have it there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see the boy. / Je vois le garçon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He helps his brother. / Il aide son frère.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned that &amp;quot;al&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;to the&amp;quot; more or less, and that just doesn't make sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see to the boy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason/pattern for those or is it arbitrary, or even optional? Why wouldn't I say this instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él ayuda su hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10923" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T21:22:22.173" Title="&quot;ver&quot;, &quot;ayudar&quot;, etc. and &quot;a el (al)&quot; vs &quot;el&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14855" CreationDate="2015-09-30T12:29:26.517" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para efectos de acentuación gráfica (es decir, en cuestiones de escribir o no una tilde), se considera la combinación &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; siempre diptongo independiente de la realización verdadera sea esa /wi/ /uj/ o /u.i/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es porque si tildamos la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; en una palabra como &lt;em&gt;huida&lt;/em&gt;, todavía tenemos un diptongo (&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; débil con &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; ahora fuerte).  En una palabra como &lt;em&gt;caída&lt;/em&gt;, la tilde rompe el diptongo porque ahora tenemos una &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (siempre fuerte) y una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; hecha fuerte con la tilde.  Dos vocales fuertes forman hiato y se pronuncian en sílabas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente hay que memorizar la silabificación de estas palabras.  No solo ocurre, de hecho, con palabras con &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt;.  Si tenemos una combinación diptongada en que no recae el acento de la palabra, es imposible saber por la escritura si es diptongo verdadero (normal) o un llamado hiato excepcional, hecho más complicado por diferencias dialectales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pronuncio la palabra &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; en tres sílabas con hiato excepcional /em.bi'ar/ como es característica de la pronunciación peninsular.  Pero en partes de Latinoamérica es fácil encontrar con diptongo /em'bjar/.  No es posible marcar con tilde porque el acento tiene que recaer en la última sílaba, tildando la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; para hacer hiato pondría el acento en el interior de la palabra: /em'bi.ar/ que no tiene sentido en la mayoría de las formas pero sí en algunas formas del presente y del imperativo.  Lo mismo ocurre en palabras como &lt;em&gt;evaluar&lt;/em&gt;, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T23:57:26.303" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T23:57:26.303" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14856" CreationDate="2015-09-30T12:37:42.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule is quite simple.  If your direct object is a person or is person-(e.g. a pet), you must preface the direct object with the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (called the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt;).  Spanish has much more fluid word order than English or French, so in translated &quot;John sees Mary&quot;, without the prepositions we'd end up with all of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan ve María&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan María ve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ve Juan María&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ve María Juan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María Juan ve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María ve Juan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At which point, you have no idea who saw whom.  The addition of the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; is optional (but effectively never used except in cases of extreme ambiguity) for all direct objects, but required for people.  This probably is because people are more likely to be subjects than objects, and if they are objects, the other subject is often also a person.  Notice how much clearer these are with the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan ve a María&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan a María ve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ve Juan a María&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ve a María Juan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A María Juan ve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A María ve Juan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In normal circumstances, you'll probably only hear the first, third, or fourth, of these in actual speech, but the other three are valid (and more importantly, clearly understood thanks to the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T12:37:42.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T15:53:28.967" Score="2" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aprendí el español con una profesora madrileña, pero vivo en las Américas y mis amigos hispanohablantes son todos de Sudamérica así que ahora mi español es una mezcla de español de España y otros dialectos de México o Argentina. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando recursos en internet que aclaren las mayores diferencias entre esos dialectos para mejorar mi español idiomático y finalmente poder expresarme de manera consistente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Más específicamente:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo más importante es la conjugación de verbos (vos &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; tu &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; usted, están &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; estáis etc) y vocabulario (coche &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; carro, pastel &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; postre &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; torta, estación &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; temporada, etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me interesa más el español de México y Perú.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please feel free to correct my terrible Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10926" LastEditorDisplayName="user10926" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T17:18:10.953" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T17:18:10.953" Title="Recursos que comparen el español de España y el sudamericano" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2015-10-01T08:46:58.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14863" CreationDate="2015-09-30T18:21:31.123" Score="2" ViewCount="3052" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of these forms is correct, better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en lo mismo lugar en que vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en lo mismo lugar donde vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or maybe both are fine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T14:11:06.230" LastActivityDate="2020-10-28T23:16:40.957" Title="¿Cuál de esas frases es correcta? (&quot;en que&quot; vs. &quot;donde&quot;)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14862" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14866" CreationDate="2015-09-30T19:52:20.697" Score="4" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre las siguientes expresiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   — para que lo &lt;strong&gt;usara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T17:51:23.327" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T17:51:23.327" Title="Subjuntivo imperfecto (use/usara)" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-09-30T20:06:18.827" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the correction of &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;, both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; mismo lugar &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; mismo lugar &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are correct. So, both are fine and there is actually no &quot;better&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T20:06:18.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-09-30T20:07:26.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only difference is the preposition used.  The difference is very literal, even if translated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I live in the same place in which I lived a year ago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I live in the same place where I lived a year ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;With the exception of &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; (which should be &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;), they're both correct.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="9309" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T23:40:17.297" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T23:40:17.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-09-30T20:23:09.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither of your example sentences sounds right, but the second one with the change from &lt;code&gt;en que&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;donde&lt;/code&gt; definitely sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also change &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; and remove &lt;code&gt;mismo&lt;/code&gt; because it's redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't always do this, but think about the English translation for this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I live in the same place where I lived a year ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo vivo en el mismo lugar donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I live in the place where I lived a year ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo vivo en el lugar donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could even further simplify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I live where I lived a year ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo vivo donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(EDIT)&lt;/strong&gt; And &lt;em&gt;even&lt;/em&gt; further by eliminating &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt; (suggested by Martin Argerami and Kray12321):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I live where I lived a year ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vivo donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T13:47:39.937" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14862" CreationDate="2015-09-30T20:25:28.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obviamente la diferencia en esos ejemplos es el tiempo verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt; de subjuntivo, mientras que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] para que lo &lt;strong&gt;usara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es &lt;strong&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; (luego, tiempo pasado). Digamos que alguien te pregunta por el coche que le has prestado a un amigo que lo necesita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Sí, le dejé el coche] para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tiempo presente nos dice que tu amigo todavía dispone del coche y piensa usarlo en el futuro cercano. En cambio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Sí, le dejé el coche] para que lo &lt;strong&gt;usara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indica que la acción de tu amigo de usar el coche pertenece al pasado. Quizá te lo ha devuelto o no, pero ese tiempo verbal indica que &lt;strong&gt;el el pasado&lt;/strong&gt; tu le dejaste el coche, para que él hiciera uso de él. Compara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, le dejé el coche para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;, así que puede tenerlo el tiempo que quiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, le dejé el coche para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;. Ya me lo devolverá cuando termine de necesitarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, le dejé el coche para que lo &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;. Así que si le ves conduciéndolo, no es que lo haya robado. Se lo he prestado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, le dejé el coche (hace un mes) para que lo &lt;strong&gt;usara&lt;/strong&gt; (quizá por un día o dos) y todavía no me lo ha devuelto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T20:25:28.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14867" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14870" CreationDate="2015-10-01T00:10:18.830" Score="5" ViewCount="31282" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dar papaya&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aerocolombia.com/2011/09/24/dar-papaya-o-no-dar-papaya/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar innecesariamente la oportunidad para que suceda algo, exponerse, arriesgarse, ponerse en peligro, ser descuidado, ser imprudente, ser inocente, dar todas las facilidades para que suceda algo, dar demasiada ventaja a alguien...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, es una expresión netamente colombiana y muy popular, así que tengo curiosidad de saber lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si en otros países es utilizada con el mismo significado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si en otros países es utilizada, pero tiene un significado diferente. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si hay expresiones propias de cada país que signifiquen lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;dar papaya&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T08:31:26.953" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T13:42:32.077" Title="Sobre la expresión &quot;dar papaya&quot; en otros países" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14869" CreationDate="2015-10-01T00:52:35.543" Score="1" ViewCount="5543" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just met someone who lives in Mexico, and he said &quot;I am Rafael Hernandez or Rafael Hernandez Rivera, but not Rafael Rivera.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do middle / last names work in Mexican culture?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10932" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T01:07:05.667" Title="How do middle names and last names work in Mexico culture?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-02T03:33:50.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14868" CreationDate="2015-10-01T01:07:05.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following your example, the full name is divided as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael - First name (given name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hernández - First surname (inherited from first surname of his father)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rivera - Second surname (inherited from first surname of his mother)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of a middle name, it would go in between the first name and the first surname as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael (middle name) Hernández Rivera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T01:07:05.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14867" CreationDate="2015-10-01T01:31:03.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no había escuchado nunca la expresión, pero comprobando &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=papaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Papaya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dar ~ a alguien.&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Col&lt;/strong&gt;. Darle oportunidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que el DRAE indica que es una expresión coloquial propia de Colombia..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si hay un recurso con una lista de expresiones que signifiquen lo mismo que &quot;dar oportunidad&quot;. Probablemente variará con el país. A mi ahora mismo me viene a la cabeza para España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poner a huevo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poner en bandeja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T14:22:37.867" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T14:22:37.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-10-01T03:05:27.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go even further with the further simplification, and eliminate &quot;yo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd use &quot;yo&quot; only if I wanted to emphasize it in some way.  E.g., perhaps someone just told me that they live in a different place (now) than where they lived a year ago.  If I want to emphasize MY different experience, I might say  &quot;Yo&quot; vivo donde vivía hace un año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10933" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T18:02:25.553" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T18:02:25.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14872" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-01T04:32:58.680" Score="6" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero verte&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;te quiero ver&lt;/code&gt; both mean the same thing and are both grammatically and syntactically correct. Other similar pairs that come to mind are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voy a llamarle&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;le voy a llamar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Puedes decirme&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;me puedes decir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;me están llamando&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;están llamandome&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand these are just two ways of saying the same thing but am still curious to know if one is still preferred over the other in real-life conversations. Is there any regional bias between the two? If regionalism does play a role, I would like to know which of the two syntaxes would a Latin American speaker typically use in regular street conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T22:11:05.570" Title="Object pronoun placement preferences" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14794" CreationDate="2015-10-01T08:45:44.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lol I feel I have to make a clarification here regarding Chinese and Japanese, lest readers be misled by the question and thus bear false understandings of these two languages. Comparing Japanese and Chinese in this case is quite ridiculous. The difference between Mexican and Colombian Spanish is much less than the difference between the Mandarin Chinese in Sichuan province(southwest China) and that in Liaoning province(northeast China), which in most cases are not really mutually intelligible. Hell, Japanese and Chinese don't even belong to the same language family. It's even at times classified as belonging to an independent language family. Japanese just borrowed a lot of Chinese characters and some words. Maybe a somewhat appropriate analogy of their relation would be Euskara(Basque language) and Spanish, though the differences might be a bit smaller. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now regarding your question, of course it's ridiculous to suggest that Mexican Spanish would be a &quot;tonal&quot; language. They're both just Spanish. Do you have any concept of the notion of &quot;dialect&quot;? I'm not sure which country do you come from, but in a big country such as China or the US, the same language varies wildly across regions to the degree of sometimes mutually unintelligible. Such a phenomenon even happens in a much smaller place such as Germany or the UK. As of how the dialects developed, as the existing answers already pointed out, geographical isolation and different cultural exchanges/experiences over the years are powerful enough to drastically let a language develop differently. There have been more than 400 years since the colonialists arrived in the new world, so such a development is not surprising at all. Even Taiwan, which has only been separated from mainland China for 60 years, has developed a drastically different variant of Mandarin Chinese, in a large part due to the interaction with the aboriginal population.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good example for Spanish would be Chilean Spanish: Chile is a relatively isolated country both geographically and historically, thus their Spanish is very unique, so unique to the extent that many other Spanish-speakers can't understand them when they talk full-speed among themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: I'm a Chinese who has lived in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="2046" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T08:53:15.513" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T08:53:15.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14875" CreationDate="2015-10-01T10:26:52.100" Score="3" ViewCount="1505" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito del fútbol (y supongo que en otros deportes) se usa con frecuencia la expresión &quot;tirar al muñeco&quot;. Esta se refiere al acto de disparar el balón a portería sin enfocar, sino más bien golpeando al portero, con el consiguiente fallo de la oportunidad de gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, es típico leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.defensacentral.com/intranet/pizarraampliada-64592&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cosas como&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no puede ser que Bale falle delante del portero solo cuando la puedes&#xA;  picar o regatear al portero pero no &lt;em&gt;tirar al muñeco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto: ¿de dónde viene esta expresión? ¿se usa también en América Latina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T20:02:20.283" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T11:33:44.133" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión “tirar al muñeco”?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14874" CreationDate="2015-10-01T11:45:25.080" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión viene de las casetas de feria en las que se lanzaban bolas de trapo y el participante se llevaba los premios que derribaba con ellas. Un premio habitual era un muñeco de trapo o peluche y, claro, para llevárselo había que &lt;em&gt;tirar al muñeco&lt;/em&gt; la bola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito de fútbol la expresión es despectiva: el jugador ha tirado el balón como si estuviera en las ferias, a darle al muñeco (el portero), en lugar de como se debe hacer en un partido para marcar gol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T11:45:25.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-10-01T14:20:46.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en &lt;strong&gt;EL&lt;/strong&gt; mismo lugar + en que vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en &lt;strong&gt;EL&lt;/strong&gt; mismo lugar donde vivía hace un año&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are correct, but you have to use &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; since is a &quot;male sustantive&quot;, most of all used for the ones ending in &lt;code&gt;L, -O, -N, -E, -R, -S;&lt;/code&gt; (in this case, lugaR)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="822" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T22:02:26.110" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T22:02:26.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14881" CreationDate="2015-10-01T22:02:33.580" Score="4" ViewCount="3821" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to improve my pronunciation of words beginning with &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;pleno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;práctica&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;.  I have been taught that I should put my hand in front of my mouth when I say these words, and if I feel any air when I say the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;, I am not pronouncing the word correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I still feel air.  Not nearly as much as when I say English words like &lt;em&gt;plenty&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;practice&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;parent&lt;/em&gt;, but definitely some. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do native speakers of Spanish aspirate this consonant?  Do they feel any air when saying words beginning with &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero mejorar mi pronuncación de palabras empezando con la &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;pleno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;práctica&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;. Me ha sido enseñado que debo poner mi mano en frente de mi boca cuando digo estas palabras, y si siento un soplo cuando digo la &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;, no estoy pronunciando la palabra corectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, todavía siento un soplo.  No tanto como cuando digo palabras inglesas como &lt;em&gt;plenty&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;practice&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;parent&lt;/em&gt;, pero sin duda un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre hispanohablantes nativos, aspiran este consonante?  Sienten un soplo cuando dicen palabras empezando con &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T09:38:53.367" Title="Is the /p/ sound aspirated in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14872" CreationDate="2015-10-01T22:11:05.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to be careful tough, some verbs can change the meaning of the sentence. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La princesa ordenó cantarle &amp;lt;-&gt; La princesa le ordenó cantar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one means that the princess gave someone the order to sing to her especifically. The second one means that the princess gave someone the order to sing, but says nothing about the target of that singing. Dificult question you have there :) the answer would be: some verbs can have that exchange and be just a matter of regional bias, some others really change their meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10940" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T22:11:05.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14879" CreationDate="2015-10-02T00:43:22.557" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You WILL feel the air while pronouncing &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; no matter how you do it and that's perfectly alright. It's not because &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; is aspirated; it's because &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;plosive&lt;/code&gt; or an &lt;code&gt;oral occlusive&lt;/code&gt;. That's the linguistic jargon for consonants that are produced by obstructing the vocal tract, blocking the flow of wind inside the mouth. Another example is &lt;em&gt;/b/&lt;/em&gt;. The air you feel upon pronouncing &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; is not due to &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; itself but the vowel that comes after it (it's very difficult to pronounce a consonant strictly without a vowel; most often you would append a &lt;code&gt;schwa&lt;/code&gt; to it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really wish to pronounce the unaspirated &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt;, just make sure you don't sense any hint of &lt;em&gt;/h/&lt;/em&gt; while uttering &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt;. Aspirated consonants are nothing but their unaspirated counterparts suffixed with an &lt;em&gt;/h/&lt;/em&gt;. To feel the difference between aspirated and unaspirated forms of the same consonant, try pronouncing the words &lt;code&gt;ways&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lāz&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;code&gt;beige&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bāzh&lt;/em&gt;). The second syllable in &lt;code&gt;ways&lt;/code&gt; is the unaspirated version of the second syllable in &lt;code&gt;beige&lt;/code&gt;. Try pronouncing the two words and you'll sense a distinct &lt;em&gt;/h/&lt;/em&gt; while pronouncing &lt;code&gt;beige&lt;/code&gt;. Just make sure you avoid that distinct &lt;em&gt;/h/&lt;/em&gt; while pronouncing your &lt;em&gt;/p/&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T00:43:22.557" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14885" CreationDate="2015-10-02T02:45:16.087" Score="11" ViewCount="7170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that &quot;Let's go&quot; in Spanish is &lt;code&gt;vámonos&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; depending on the context.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I have also learned from grammar books that all the &quot;let's...&quot; constructs translate into Spanish using the 1st person plural subjunctive conjugation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's how we get &lt;code&gt;platiquemos&lt;/code&gt; (from &lt;code&gt;platicar&lt;/code&gt;) for &quot;let's talk&quot; and &lt;code&gt;andemos&lt;/code&gt; (from &lt;code&gt;andar&lt;/code&gt;) for &quot;let's walk.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By that analogy, shouldn't &quot;let's go&quot; translate into &lt;code&gt;vayamos&lt;/code&gt;? Even the first person plural imperative of &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;vayamos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we use &lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T12:56:02.263" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T04:05:10.187" Title="&quot;Let's go&quot; in Spanish: vayamos vs vamos vs vámonos" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14888" CreationDate="2015-10-02T03:17:15.370" Score="5" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethical datives&lt;/strong&gt; are clitics (or, object pronouns) that go along with a verb to indicate the person getting affected by the action involved. For example in English, we say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm gonna buy me some shoes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cry me a river.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they are merely a colloquial option in English. On the other hand, Spanish almost mandates it in most contexts. My question is how does one identify scenarios where ethical datives must be used and where they shouldn't? For example, &lt;strong&gt;comer&lt;/strong&gt; takes it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me comí una enchilada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy al banco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any rule of thumb or any guidelines to follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: In case there's any regional angle to the usage of &lt;strong&gt;dátivos éticos&lt;/strong&gt;, I would be more keen on exploring the Latin American usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T10:49:23.570" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T10:58:39.743" Title="When to use &quot;ethical datives&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2015-10-02T03:33:43.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;PECANS: never heard of it as Nuez China, but it could be a regionalism.&#xA;A friend that has a bakery orders them in Mexico as Nuez Pecana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WALNUTS: Nuez de Castilla, but I've always referred to them as just &quot;nuez&quot; I just learned that in Peru is called Nuez de Nogal, makes sense since in Mexico we have a dish called Chiles en Nogada, The Nogada is made with walnuts! Makes Perfect Sense!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUTMEG: Nuez Moscada, in Mexico is really hard to find in it's natural shape, often found in powder in the spice aisle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CASHEWS: Nuez de la India&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ALMONDS: Almendras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CHESTNUTS: Castañas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HAZELNUT: Avellanas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PISTACHIOS: Pistachos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PEANUTS: Cacahuates/Maníes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MACADAMIAS: Nuez de Macadamia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PINE NUTS: Piñones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BRAZILIAN NUT: (Brace yourself) I knew them as &quot;Talón de negro&quot; which literally means &quot;Black man's heel&quot;. Obviously it is very politically incorrect, so I'm guessing we just take the literal translation &quot;Nuez de Brasil&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10942" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T07:54:31.347" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T07:54:31.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14882" CreationDate="2015-10-02T05:22:09.097" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker, and I have never realized this strange anomaly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found a possible explanation for this difference in the conjugation of the Spanish verb &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt;, given by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qF8kh8sgID6Ifqj7vG&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (boldened text by my own):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La forma vamos es hoy la primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;: «Laureano y yo nos vamos al jardín» (Gallego Adelaida [Esp. 1990]); &lt;strong&gt;pero en el español medieval y clásico era, alternando con vayamos, forma de primera persona del plural del presente de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;: «Si vos queréys que vamos juntos, pongámoslo, luego, por obra» (Daza Antojos [Esp. 1623]). &lt;strong&gt;Como resto de su antiguo valor de subjuntivo, la forma vamos se emplea, con más frecuencia que vayamos, con finalidad exhortativa&lt;/strong&gt;: «Vamos, Johnny, vamos a casa que es tarde» (Cortázar Reunión [Arg. 1983]); la forma de subjuntivo vayamos, con este sentido, ha quedado casi relegada a la lengua literaria: «Vayámonos de aquí» (Amestoy Durango [Esp. 1989]). Lo que no debe hacerse en ningún caso es emplear hoy la forma vamos, en lugar de vayamos, en contextos que exigen subjuntivo y sin que exista, en el enunciado, intención exhortativa: «Tenemos una excelente relación [...]. Pero no es que vamos juntos para el cine» (Universal [Ven.] 3.9.96); debió decirse no es que vayamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; was in medieval Spanish another form for first person plural of present of subjunctive.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;that is to say: both &lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;vayamos&lt;/code&gt; were used in that case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; was also used (as well as today) as first person plural of present of indicative.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nowadays, the only &quot;vestige&quot; of that old use for &lt;code&gt;vamos&lt;/code&gt; is the fact that it is also used as imperative plural for the first person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T05:22:09.097" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14883" CreationDate="2015-10-02T08:03:25.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general rule that you can use is to switch the possessive article in English for an object pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I cut &lt;strong&gt;my&lt;/strong&gt; hair. ( &lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; corto el pelo )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the example you used, both &lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy al banco&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;Me voy al banco&quot;&lt;/em&gt; are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10943" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T08:11:28.980" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T08:11:28.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14890" CreationDate="2015-10-02T09:57:25.580" Score="13" ViewCount="43125" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;cierto&quot; tiene distintos significados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=VREkTc42hDXX2Bo3Bqdc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cierto, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del lat. certus).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Conocido como verdadero, seguro, indubitable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. U. precediendo inmediatamente al sustantivo en sentido indeterminado. Cierto lugar. Cierta noche.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Dicho de un perro: Que da señas ciertas de la caza, y que con seguridad la levanta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. adj. Sabedor, seguro de la verdad de algún hecho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. adj. ant. certero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. adj. germ. fullero.&#xA;  ¶ MORF. sup. irreg. certísimo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. adv. afirm. ciertamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante vemos en la sección de expresiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por cierto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Ciertamente, a la verdad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. adv. A propósito, viniendo al caso de lo que se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esta es la que me interesa: ¿cuál es el origen de decir &quot;por cierto&quot; para añadir algo? Por ejemplo en estos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos esta tarde. Por cierto, acuérdate de traer el libro que te&#xA;  dejé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo está tu hija? Por cierto, mi hermana me dio recuerdos para ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-05-22T19:19:44.777" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;por cierto&quot; para indicar añadidura?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14883" CreationDate="2015-10-02T10:43:49.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethical%20dative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definition of ETHICAL DATIVE&#xA;:  a colloquial use of the dative of a pronoun for a person to whom it imputes a vague concern with the matter in question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has something similar but not for first person, which explains the OP's confusion as he only came up with first person examples. As said in the examples, the phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comí una enchilada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me comí una enchilada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are equivalent and the use of &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; in the second has no special meaning of concern or involvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ponte el abrigo, no te vayas a quedar frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ponte el abrigo, no te &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; vayas a quedar frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; does convey involvement (i.e. I would be emotionally affected if you are cold). The concern does not necessarily have to be the speaker's, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que tu hijo se ponga el abrigo, no se vaya a quedar frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que tu hijo se ponga el abrigo, no se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; vaya a quedar frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This form of &lt;em&gt;indirect object&lt;/em&gt;, which is how dative is called in Spanish, can be used anytime you want to express concern or involvement of either the speaker or a third person in the outcome of an action that doesn't directly affect them. If the action does affect them, the emphasis is lost as it becomes simply a &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/verbos-reflexivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reflexive verb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T10:58:39.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14874" CreationDate="2015-10-02T11:33:44.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin descartar que la opción que propone Gorpik sea la buena, yo siempre he oído que dicha expresión deriva de los &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=futbolin&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CAgQ_AUoAmoVChMIxuznidijyAIVBrkUCh0q5Q5C&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=922&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;futbolines&lt;/a&gt; y, por extensión, se traslada al fútbol con connotación peyorativa, ya que indica que el jugador que &quot;tira al muñeco&quot; es más un jugador de futbolín que de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T11:33:44.133" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14887" CreationDate="2015-10-02T12:59:57.940" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según recuerdo, viene de &lt;strong&gt;por acierto&lt;/strong&gt;. No he encontrado fuentes que lo confirmen, pero esta respuesta te puede servir de base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;acierto&lt;/em&gt; tiene la misma raíz de &lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;certeza&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cerciorar&lt;/em&gt; (significa algo así como &quot;dar en el blanco&quot;), pero también derivó hace tiempo a &quot;casualidad&quot; o &quot;coincidencia&quot;. En mi caso en Chile no uso ni he escuchado esa acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos esta tarde. Por cierto, acuérdate de traer el libro que te dejé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la expresión &lt;em&gt;por cierto&lt;/em&gt; significaría &quot;por casualidad nuestra conversación  me hizo recordar que me debes un libro&quot;. O &quot;qué acierto estar hablando de esto, porque ahora recuerdo que me debes un libro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T12:59:57.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14891" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-02T16:39:29.913" Score="9" ViewCount="3612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es recurrente escuchar en series o películas estadounidenses que han sido dobladas al español latino el &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/C1agfkCxifs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siguiente acento&lt;/a&gt; (desconozco si en doblaje de España lo usen también).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es algo nuevo, porque tengo recuerdos incluso de niño haber escuchado en series como &lt;code&gt;Los Dukes de Hazzard&lt;/code&gt; una voz en off que hablaba con ese acento, o como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpL4SQv4-4Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en estas caricaturas&lt;/a&gt; que aportan en los comentarios. Sin embargo no recuerdo alguna vez haber escuchado a alguien que &lt;strong&gt;efectivamente&lt;/strong&gt; hable con tal acento, al menos en Chile (país donde vivo) no conozco ninguna zona que la gente hable así y podría decir lo mismo de países aledaños como Argentina, Perú, Bolivia o incluso mas al norte como Ecuador o Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, sin ninguna base de peso que las sustente, estas son mis suposiciones de donde proviene el acento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Existen zonas rurales en México donde la gente hable así, después de todo en los inicios de las series dobladas con acento latino neutro, México fue responsable del doblaje de gran parte de éstas, sin embargo el ejemplo del video es doblado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.doblaje.wikia.com/wiki/Duck_Dynasty&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Colombia y Venezuela&lt;/a&gt;, por tanto como ya ha quedado en el inconsciente colectivo que hablan así, se ha mantenido independiente de donde se doble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los estadounidenses campesinos que hablen español terminan hablando con ese acento, aunque tampoco nunca he escuchado un estadounidenses que hable Español con dicho acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es un acento inexistente que fue creado al tratar de adaptar el acento campesino estadounidense a como sonaría si se hablase en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces ¿alguien conoce de dónde proviene este acento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2712" LastEditorUserId="2712" LastEditDate="2020-10-12T03:24:55.010" LastActivityDate="2020-10-12T03:24:55.010" Title="¿De dónde proviene el acento usado en los doblajes de la voz de campesinos estadounidenses?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15131" CreationDate="2015-10-03T01:35:33.830" Score="8" ViewCount="8466" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned that in many parts of Mexico this is a commonly used expression meaning &lt;code&gt;to go to sleep&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me voy a echar un coyotito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no echas un coyotito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this expression recognized outside of Mexico (or everywhere in Mexico)? Also, I am curious to learn its origin. Literally it translates into &lt;code&gt;to throw a little coyote&lt;/code&gt; which doesn't seem to have anything to do with sleeping whatever way I look at it. What's the backstory here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T09:21:33.330" LastActivityDate="2021-01-13T01:14:48.297" Title="Origin of the expression &quot;echarse un coyotito&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14861" CreationDate="2015-10-03T14:16:28.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use any of those, aside from the fact stated in previous answers where &quot;lo&quot; should be &quot;el&quot; they are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sigo viviendo en el mismo sitio del año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sigo viviendo donde el año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But depending on the question maybe another answers would fit better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Donde estas viviendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el mismo sitio del año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sigo en el mismo sitio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde el año pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5318" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T14:16:28.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-03T21:28:27.293" Score="5" ViewCount="1190" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just speaking with my Peruvian girlfriend, who told me that no one ever uses &lt;em&gt;señorcito&lt;/em&gt; but rather &lt;em&gt;señorito&lt;/em&gt;. But we use &lt;em&gt;amorcito&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;amorito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both words end with a stressed &lt;em&gt;-or&lt;/em&gt; and have two syllables. Yet the diminutive form of each has a different suffix. Can someone explain why this is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10955" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-10-04T02:44:10.983" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T02:44:10.983" Title="Why do we use señorito over señorcito, but amorcito over amorito?" Tags="&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14895" CreationDate="2015-10-04T01:52:46.787" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why we say &lt;code&gt;amorcito&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;amorito&lt;/code&gt; when we say for example &quot;cas&lt;strong&gt;ita&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as diminutive for &lt;code&gt;casa&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La formación de diminutivos con el &lt;strong&gt;sufijo -ita&lt;/strong&gt; se hace añadiendo dicha terminación a la base de la palabra, como en el caso de casa, cuya base es cas- y se forma casita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El sufijo -cita (así como -ecita) es una variación de -ita, cuyo uso se debe más a la preferencia de los hablantes que a normas gramaticales establecidas&lt;/strong&gt;, y normalmente forma los diminutivos a partir de la palabra entera y no solo de la base: a la palabra &lt;code&gt;clase&lt;/code&gt; se le añade el sufijo -cita, y forma &lt;code&gt;clasecita&lt;/code&gt;, pero no &quot;&lt;em&gt;clascita&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También hay palabras que, en función de la variedad dialectal que se hable, pueden tomar diferentes formas del diminutivo, como en el caso de &lt;code&gt;mano&lt;/code&gt;, que puede decirse manito, manita, manecita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/diminutivos-2951/&quot;&gt;Source: Fundeu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;señorito&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can be tricky. It could seem that both &lt;em&gt;Señor&lt;strong&gt;ito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Señor&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; are diminutives of &lt;code&gt;señor&lt;/code&gt; (like a small &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;). That is true to some extent, but the thing is that the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=Yw4KagvmtDXX2fDr4V3m&quot;&gt;&quot;señorito&quot;&lt;/a&gt; conveys that is not small not in size (even when they already are so) but the &lt;em&gt;little lord&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=Yw4KagvmtDXX2fDr4V3m&quot;&gt;&quot;Señorito&quot;&lt;/a&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hijo de un señor o de persona de representación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check some of the other meanings on the dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amo, con respecto a los criado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joven acomodado y ocioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; the diminutive conveys &quot;small&quot; in size, but in &lt;em&gt;señorito&lt;/em&gt; the word carries the meaning of &quot;the small kid/son of the lord&quot; (&lt;em&gt;el hijo del señor&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T01:52:46.787" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13606" CreationDate="2015-10-04T03:33:24.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disclaimer:  Dado que no aprobaron mi edición del otro comentario por ser demasiado larga y otras miasmas y a pesar de que no estoy de acuerdo con agregar respuestas a posts viejos que ya tienen respuesta aprobada voy a incluir mi respuesta (Me costó tiempo escribirla)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo más cercano sería &lt;strong&gt;Retroalimentación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &lt;strong&gt;Retroalimentación&lt;/strong&gt; no es aceptada por la RAE, es altamente utilizada en ámbitos técnicos y académicos (desde la ingeniería y sistemas hasta las ciencias exactas y naturales). La palabra más cercana es Realimentación, aceptada por la RAE, y ofrecida como sinónimo en varios sitios. El prefijo &quot;re&quot; me deja bastante que desear ya que la idea que se quiere comunicar es que el sistema es alimentado nuevamente &quot;desde atrás&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sistema más simple de feedback loop (negativo) sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A produce B y B inhibe A. De esta forma el feedback se establece desde &quot;atrás hacia adelante&quot; y por eso &quot;retro&quot; cobra sentido como en cualquier proceso retrógrado. Cuando uno realimenta un sistema, no queda claro desde donde lo hace o si la fuente de alimentación es externa o inherente al sistema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/retroalimentacion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://definicion.de/retroalimentacion/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante la propuesta de usar &quot;feedback&quot; directamente, se sostienen las mismas críticas. &quot;Feedback no es una palabra aceptada&quot;. Pienso que entra en el criterio colectivo de los hablantes. Si todos estamos de acuerdo con que &quot;feedback&quot; o &quot;retroalimentación&quot; son palabras que significan lo que significan y sirven para comunicarnos, luego sería bueno usarlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, dado que feedback no siempre se usa como retroalimentación positiva/negativa, las propuestas en relación a  &lt;strong&gt;&quot;devolución, comentario, crítica, etc&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; son más que válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T03:33:24.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-05T00:11:54.697" Score="6" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I already know basic forms of this word (of, from, etc.), but I keep seeing it used in places that I don't understand. For example, I sometimes see &quot;antes de que&quot;, or just &quot;de que&quot;. Why does &quot;de&quot; need to be in there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also see it used with some verbs, and not with others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know the other uses of this word besides the standard definition.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10960" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T20:17:33.207" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T20:17:33.207" Title="What are the more complex meanings of &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14899" CreationDate="2015-10-05T01:53:51.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer is strictly in the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; context. Of course, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; can have a whole bunch of other meanings depending on the context, as just like the English &quot;of&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; happens to be a part of dozens of idiomatic expressions. If you're curious of exploring those idiomatic expressions, any online dictionary should come in handy. I find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanishdict&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; quite organized and easy to look up. If you're particularly curious about the difference between &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;, read on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This post comes from here, I think it explains it in a comprehensive way. This is what it says:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/partsofspeech/a/que_vs_de_que.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spanish.about.com/od/partsofspeech/a/que_vs_de_que.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;See the following two pairs of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El plan &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; quiere es caro.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The plan &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; he wants is expensive.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El plan &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; los estudiantes participen en las actividades es caro.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The plan &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; students participate in the activities is&#xA;  expensive.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Structurally, both sentences follow this pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;: subject of sentence (&quot;the plan&quot;) + dependent clause beginning with &quot;that&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;: subject of sentence (&quot;el plan&quot;) + dependent clause beginning with &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The grammatical difference between those may not be obvious, but in&#xA;  the first one, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; translates &quot;that&quot; as a relative pronoun, while&#xA;  in the second &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; translates &quot;that&quot; as a conjunction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Although &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; can be used as a subordinate or subordinating&#xA;  conjunction when it follows a verb, &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; normally is used as a&#xA;  subordinating conjunction following a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So how can you tell if you're translating a sentence of this pattern&#xA;  to Spanish if &quot;that&quot; should be translated as &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;?&#xA;  Almost always, if you can change &quot;that&quot; to &quot;which&quot; and the sentence&#xA;  still makes sense, &quot;that&quot; is being used as a relative pronoun and you&#xA;  should use &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otherwise, use &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt;. See how in the following sentences either&#xA;  &quot;which&quot; or &quot;that&quot; makes sense in English (although &quot;that&quot; is preferred&#xA;  by many grammarians):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es una nación &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; busca independencia.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;It is a country &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;which&lt;/strong&gt; is seeking independence.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay factores de riesgo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; se puedan identificar para la diabetes tipo 1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;There are no risk factors &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;which&lt;/strong&gt; can&#xA;  be identified for Type 1 diabetes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La garantía &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; brinda General Motors es aplicable a todos los vehículos nuevos marca Chevrolet.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The guarantee &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;which&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  General Motors offers is applicable to all new Chevrolet-brand&#xA;  vehicles.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And here are some examples of &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; being used as a conjunction.&#xA;  Note how the &quot;that&quot; of the English translations can't be replaced by&#xA;  &quot;which&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El calcio reduce el riesgo &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; el bebé nazca con problemas de peso.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Calcium reduces the risk &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the baby is born with&#xA;  weight problems.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay señales de alarma &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; un niño está siendo abusado.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;There are warning signs &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; a child is being abused.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay ninguna garantía &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; esta estrategia pueda funcionar.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;There is no guarantee &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; this strategy can work.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ecuador admite posibilidad &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; jefes de las Farc estén en su territorio.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ecuador is admitting the possibility &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; FARC&#xA;  leaders are in its territory.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La compañía quiere convencernos &lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt; su producto es ideal para los jugadores empedernidos.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The company wants to convince us&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; its product is idea for hard-core gamers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T08:21:28.647" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T08:21:28.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14807" CreationDate="2015-10-05T09:40:30.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El alemán, el francés, el inglés, el italiano, el ruso, el danés, el latín, el griego...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque una lengua es formalmente femenina, sus denominaciones, en la práctica, son masculinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T09:40:30.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14744" CreationDate="2015-10-05T09:57:08.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasada! significa &quot;¡Qué exageración!&quot;, &quot;¡Qué poca finura!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;G&lt;strong&gt;anaron el partido de baloncesto contra los azules, por 220 puntos a&#xA;  11 ¡qué pasada!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algunos chistes duros de humor muy negro no son buenos, son una mala&#xA;  pasada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="10964" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T06:43:42.240" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T06:43:42.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14712" CreationDate="2015-10-05T10:19:02.707" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las lenguas latinas son por desgracia menos flexibles que el Inglés a la hora de acuñar neologismos. En Francia solían decir &quot;ce week end&quot; para decir &quot;este fin de semana&quot; porque &quot;fin de la semaine&quot; es trivialmente y obviamente demasiado largo.    Ocurrió algo bonito en España cuando se popularizó el término &quot;finde&quot; (fin de, todo junto) para decir lo mismo y aún más corto que &quot;week end&quot;. Si tuviéramos más inspiraciones de esta índole; con buen gusto e inteligencia, rescataríamos al Español de la postración relativa, en cuanto a la capacidad de creación de palabras nuevas, en que se encuentra. Para ello hay que utilizar a la vez la audacia y el sentido del equilibrio. Yo crearía la siguiente palabra &quot;yomism&quot; para decir &quot;selfie&quot;. La palabra &quot;yomism&quot; suena bien, es corta, y expresa bien, explícitamente, lo que quiere significar; con audacia, pero con equilibrio. La palabra iría muy bien para sustituir a &quot;selfie&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T10:19:02.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13685" CreationDate="2015-10-05T13:10:33.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo, que soy del Norte de España, cada vez que he ido a Andalucía, en el Sur, me he sorprendido con términos de cosas, de comida por ejemplo, de tapas o de pescado, que yo nunca había oído decir en Bilbao, en Santander, en Burgos  o en San Sebastián.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T13:10:33.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15066" CreationDate="2015-10-05T13:12:40.763" Score="7" ViewCount="19280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en Colombia (y supongo que en otros países) se oye &lt;strong&gt;&quot;chévere&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; para decir que algo es bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué chévere, mañana es viernes y podremos rumbear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE ya lo recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=yoObiVH8wDXX2nBgsDjT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chévere&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ant., Ec., Hond., Méx., Pan. y Perú. Primoroso, gracioso, bonito, elegante, agradable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Á. Caribe, Bol., El Salv. y Hond. Estupendo, buenísimo, excelente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Col., Cuba, Pan., Perú, R. Dom. y Ven. Benévolo, indulgente. Un profesor chévere. Un examen chévere.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. fest. P. Rico y Ven. petimetre.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. m. Ven. magníficamente (‖ muy bien).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto: ¿cuál es el origen de esta palabra? Tiene un sonido francés, pero hasta la fecha no pude encontrar referencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2019-09-30T01:51:55.367" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;chévere&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13670" CreationDate="2015-10-05T13:14:18.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Torpe es una equivalencia más o menos aceptable, pienso yo; puesto que no tiene un sentido muy despectivo y de eso se trata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería &lt;em&gt;Windows 10 para Torpes&lt;/em&gt; en mi opinión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T11:34:50.150" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T11:34:50.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14712" CreationDate="2015-10-05T13:22:23.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu se ha ocupado un par de veces de esta palabra: primero para sugerir &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/autofoto-alternativa-en-espanol-a-selfie/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;autofoto&lt;/a&gt; y luego, como alternativa, la castellanización &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/selfi-adaptacion-al-espanol-de-selfie/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selfi&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos precedentes en español para adaptaciones de este tipo; una de las más conocidas es la del inglés &lt;em&gt;football&lt;/em&gt;, que ha dado en español tanto la traducción (&lt;em&gt;balompié&lt;/em&gt;) como la adaptación ortográfica &lt;em&gt;fútbol&lt;/em&gt;, que ha acabado siendo la más utilizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro del ámbito futbolístico, también ocurrió lo mismo con el &lt;em&gt;offside&lt;/em&gt;, que tuvo traducción (&lt;em&gt;fuera de juego&lt;/em&gt;) como adaptación ortográfica (&lt;em&gt;orsay&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;orsai&lt;/em&gt;); en este caso, sin embargo, ha sido la traducción la que ha acabado siendo más utliizada en algunos países como España (si bien creo que en otros, como Argentina, es más habitual &lt;em&gt;orsai&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda esta discusión viene a decir que el uso es el que acaba llevando por un camino u otro, pero en este caso tenemos las dos posibilidades, de momento. Por cierto: yo he usado &lt;em&gt;autofoto&lt;/em&gt; muchas veces, antes de que se pusiera de moda este tipo de autorretrato, así que no me parece una palabra fea :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T13:22:23.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14910" CreationDate="2015-10-05T17:58:17.427" Score="7" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Repasando una serie de documentos y tutoriales me vino la pregunta de cómo traducir al español &lt;code&gt;sorted&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;ordered&lt;/code&gt; para mantener la diferencia que ambos conceptos tienen en inglés. Aparte de &lt;code&gt;ordenado&lt;/code&gt; no me venía ninguna otra palabra, y desde luego nada que matice la diferencia entre los dos conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sé que mucha gente ha llegado a este Stack a través de StackOverflow, me permitiré poner un ejemplo de programación (que es como me vino la duda). En cualquier caso, no creo que sea difícil de entender para aquellos no versados en programación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lenguaje de programación Java tiene un framework llamado &lt;em&gt;Collections&lt;/em&gt; con diversas estructuras de datos que pueden ser útiles: Listas, Conjuntos, Diccionarios, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A List is an &lt;strong&gt;ordered&lt;/strong&gt; Collection (sometimes called a sequence)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/collections/interfaces/list.html&quot;&gt;Source: The List Interface&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significa que la lista es una estructura ordenada. Si yo meto los números 35, 24 y 66 por ese orden, 35 es el primer elemento, 24 es el segundo y 66 el tercero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero además, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A SortedSet is a Set that maintains its elements in ascending order, &lt;strong&gt;sorted&lt;/strong&gt; according to the elements' natural ordering or according to a Comparator provided at SortedSet creation time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/collections/interfaces/sorted-set.html&quot;&gt;Source: The SortedSet Interface&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que esta estructura también tiene un orden. El matiz es que la estructura me ordena los elementos según los inserto. Si inserto los mismos que he puesto antes en la lista, 24 sería el primer elemento, por se el más bajo, y 66 el último, por ser el más alto (24 &amp;lt; 35 &amp;lt; 66).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual, también hay un orden, pero es distinto a lo que se entiende por orden en la lista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He mirado algunos tutoriales en español, a ver si encontraba cómo se suele traducir esta diferencia entre &lt;code&gt;ordered&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;sorted&lt;/code&gt;. Me vienen a la cabeza ciertos sinónimos para &quot;ordenar&quot; como catalogar, clasificar, organizar... Quizá diría que en una SortedSet los elementos están clasificados, pero nunca organizados o catalogados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una traducción para &lt;em&gt;ordered - sorted&lt;/em&gt; que conserve este matiz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T21:37:31.600" Title="Traducción: Sorted vs. Ordered: Ordenado - Catalogado?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14909" CreationDate="2015-10-05T23:06:34.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, me parece un poco difícil encontrar algo ideal ya que en inglés esas dos palabras tienen efectivamente el mismo significado sobre todo en un contexto unidimensional como es un listado..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, veamos las definiciones pertinentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ordered, &lt;em&gt;v.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (OED)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.a.&lt;/strong&gt; To place in order, give order to; to arrange in a particular order; to arrange methodically or suitably.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.b.&lt;/strong&gt; To class; to rank. &lt;em&gt;Obs. rare.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sort, &lt;em&gt;v.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (OED)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;II.9.a.&lt;/strong&gt;  To arrange (things, etc.) according to kind or quality, or after some settled order or system; to separate and put into different sorts or classes; to classify; to assort&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;II.10.a.&lt;/strong&gt; To place in a class or sort; to give a place to; to classify&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;II.12.a.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;refl.&lt;/em&gt; To form sets or groups by some process of combination or separation&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;II.16.a.&lt;/strong&gt; To arrange or put in order; to put to rights in some respect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, son iguales.  Tal vez &lt;em&gt;sort&lt;/em&gt; implique un poco más de atención a la categorización de las entidades.  A primera lectura, viénenme a la cabeza algunas palabras para &lt;em&gt;order&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ordenar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Colocar de acuerdo con un plan o de modo conveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;colocar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Poner a alguien o algo en su debido lugar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;secuenciar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE) &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Establecer una secuencia (‖ serie o sucesión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y los para &lt;em&gt;sort&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;categorizar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Organizar o clasificar por categorías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;clasificar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Ordenar o disponer por clases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;organizar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Poner algo en orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;disponer&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Colocar, poner algo en orden y situación conveniente. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arreglar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Reducir o sujetar a regla; ajustar, conformar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Componer, ordenar, concertar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;relacionar&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Establecer relación entre personas, cosas, ideas o hechos. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Hacer una lista de nombres o cosas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sortear&lt;/strong&gt; (DA - ASALE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;I. 1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr. EU.&lt;/em&gt; Clasificar o poner &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; en orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi todas tienen las mismas definiciones (y a las traducciones para &lt;em&gt;sort&lt;/em&gt; podríamos añadir también palabras parecidas como &lt;em&gt;agrupar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;apiñar&lt;/em&gt;, incluso &lt;em&gt;discriminar&lt;/em&gt;).  En muchos casos en inglés la elección de una u otra van por antojo del hablante, aunque como nativo, por lo general, diría que &lt;em&gt;order&lt;/em&gt; es más bien de cosas homogéneas, y algo linear, mientras &lt;em&gt;sort&lt;/em&gt; se suena más a organizar cosas heterogéneas y normalmente en grupos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, creo que si quisésemos mantener la distinción al máximo, podríamos decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ordenar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;clasificar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  Pero ya que hay más de un poco de traslapo dentro del entorno informático, yo opinaría que las mejores serían o &lt;strong&gt;secuenciar&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;order&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sort&lt;/em&gt;), que mantendría el traslapo a la vez de encajar más con los usos informáticos (&lt;em&gt;secuenciar&lt;/em&gt; da énfasis en la estructura serial sin señalar una ordenación, mientras &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt; suena más a una disposición bien pensada, aunque quizás tales connotaciones no sean panhispánicas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero imagino que cualquier traducción de este tipo sería un poco &lt;em&gt;too late to the party&lt;/em&gt;: seguramente los informáticos ya tienen sus traducciones sean adecuadas o no (ojalá no hubiesen repetido la estupidez de Microsoft con &lt;em&gt;font=fuente&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T03:13:58.433" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T03:13:58.433" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14913" CreationDate="2015-10-06T01:15:56.407" Score="3" ViewCount="2359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just received a message from a Venezuelan acquaintance on Facebook. It goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola cariño, donde andas que no te he visto en dias...se te kiere mi&#xA;  loco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand this is an extremely casual piece of text and that the spellings are not accurate. The correct version is (I think):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola cariño, ¿dónde andas que no te he visto en días? Se te quiere mi&#xA;  loco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am struggling hard to understand the grammar behind it. I know &lt;code&gt;te quiero&lt;/code&gt; translates into &lt;code&gt;I like you&lt;/code&gt; but what does the extra &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; imply here? And is it common to use &lt;code&gt;andar&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in colloquial speech? If so, is it limited to Venezuela or common all over the Spanish-speaking world? And, more importantly, is it just colloquial or actually standard usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T12:37:10.333" LastActivityDate="2020-05-27T19:38:36.177" Title="Meaning and grammar of &quot;se te quiere mi loco&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14912" CreationDate="2015-10-06T01:48:17.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, those expressions are very casual. For &quot;se te quiere mi loco&quot;, if you look for equivalents in English I think the closest translation to this frase would be: &lt;em&gt;&quot;I love you dude&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; = impersonal/pasivo, &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; = pronombre de complemento directo, &lt;strong&gt;quiere&lt;/strong&gt; = verbo en singular, &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; = pronombre posesivo, &lt;strong&gt;loco&lt;/strong&gt; = adjetivo sustantivado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this link you'll find some uses and exceptions of &quot;se&quot; in Spanish :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.appstate.edu/~fountainca/1050/unidad2/losusosdese.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.appstate.edu/~fountainca/1050/unidad2/losusosdese.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the &quot;loco&quot; part is kinda interesting. We tend to use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/05/ejemplos-de-adjetivos-sustantivados.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adjetivos sustantivados&lt;/a&gt;&quot; a lot, so if you want to understand it a little better here I added the link (only in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to answer your question about &quot;andar&quot;, it's a global scope thing. It's used almost everywhere but mostly in colloquial speech. The only way you'd see &quot;andar&quot; in formal expressions is in the cases related to movement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I could help a little. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10968" LastEditorUserId="14261" LastEditDate="2020-05-27T19:38:36.177" LastActivityDate="2020-05-27T19:38:36.177" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14919" CreationDate="2015-10-06T07:32:09.387" Score="3" ViewCount="16924" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se utiliza el término &quot;chilango&quot; para referirse a las personas originarias del Distrito Federal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de la palabra &quot;chilango&quot;? ¿De dónde se origina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9075" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T16:34:40.643" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T16:34:40.643" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;chilango&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14915" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14916" CreationDate="2015-10-06T09:19:09.137" Score="5" ViewCount="34233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa con frecuencia la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar caña&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; para cualquiera de estos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7E5tpxx#4TAkbHA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar caña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Provocar o recriminar a alguien.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Aumentar la velocidad o la intensidad de algo. &lt;em&gt;Da más caña al coche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Pegar, golpear, vapulear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, yo estoy familiarizado con algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[En una carrera atlética]&lt;/em&gt; Dale caña, que ya estás llegando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[En un combate de boxeo]&lt;/em&gt; Dale caña, que está casi KO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que me sobreviene es: ¿qué origen tiene esta expresión? Ninguna de las 19 acepciones que el DLE menciona para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=V4kLM5TIbDXX2pDaIqEQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene nada que ver, por lo que claramente es un modismo con algún tipo de historia que no encuentro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T07:01:04.167" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;dar caña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14915" CreationDate="2015-10-06T09:31:42.277" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de esta expresión procede del movimiento de la caña (para incrementar la velocidad) que hay en las barcas en la parte posterior y se usa a modo de timón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ASQJ6.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ASQJ6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De modo que cuando das caña estás forzando algo para que vaya más deprisa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Venga venga, que vas muy despacio. ¡Dale caña!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Dale caña, que no tiene ni idea.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca la he oído, o al menos en España no se utiliza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T09:34:59.867" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T09:34:59.867" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14744" CreationDate="2015-10-06T10:09:59.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué pasada!&lt;/em&gt; viene de las expresiones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pasarse de la raya&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pasarse del límite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viene a decir que algo se sale de la media, del límite establecido. En España se usa en sentido positivo, en otros países como Mexico lo asocian en sentido negativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es una pasada (se pasó de la raya, está mal lo que hizo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T16:03:57.057" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T16:03:57.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14844" CreationDate="2015-10-06T10:39:31.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunos pueblos de España, existe una fiesta llamada &quot;los fuegos de San Juan&quot;. En la cual se enciende un gran fuego para después solo dejar las brasas, entonces los pueblerinos pasan descalzos por encima de ella, a veces llevando a alguien a hombros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LxOJb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LxOJb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cómo consiguen pasarlas sin sufrir heridas es un misterio, pero referiendose a la expresión creo que viene de que la gente daba mucho el coñazo para que alguien se metiera en las brasas, por ahí debe estar el origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso además explicaría porque esa expresión solo se da en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T09:27:51.917" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T09:27:51.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14914" CreationDate="2015-10-06T11:10:38.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/chilango&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; recoge el significado actual de “chilango” como un adjetivo coloquial que hace referencia a una persona natural del Distrito Federal, México, así como a cualquier cosa relativa o perteneciente a esa ciudad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, dado que el origen de ésta palabra es &lt;em&gt;oscuro&lt;/em&gt;, en gran parte por ser (aparentemente) muy antiguo (posiblemente original de la época prehispánica en México), existen varias teorías encaminadas a explicar el origen de la misma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí una breve descripción de las explicaciones que he encontrado en una búsqueda por internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;…según el ensayista mexicano Gabriel Zaid, proviene del vocablo maya&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;xilaan&lt;/em&gt;, que significa ‘de pelo revuelto’, ‘desgreñado’ o ‘encrespado’.&#xA;  Según esta teoría, la palabra era usual entre los veracruzanos para&#xA;  hacer referencia a los naturales de Ciudad de México.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;…tiene su voz náhuatl &lt;em&gt;chilan-co&lt;/em&gt;, que traduciría ‘de piel colorada’, en&#xA;  alusión al color de piel de los indígenas aztecas, enrojecida debido&#xA;  al frío de la altiplanicie.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;…se dio en llamar así a los presos que eran llevados a la cárcel de&#xA;  San Juan de Ulúa, sita en Veracruz, durante las épocas posteriores a&#xA;  la Independencia. Y es que los mismos iban atados en grupo de una&#xA;  forma similar a la que se ataban los chiles que se vendían y que se&#xA;  presentan en manojos, a los que se les llamada chilangas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;…tiene su origen en los vendedores de chile que en el pasado vendían&#xA;  en el mercado y que utilizaban una forma de hablar que parecía que&#xA;  cantaban.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que aunque el uso de ésta palabra es considerado, en general, despectivo, también se ha convertido en un rasgo de identidad para los capitalinos, que más allá de sentirse despreciados por el término, les enorgullece, por lo menos desde mi punto de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo añadiría que ser &lt;em&gt;chilango&lt;/em&gt; no es solamente nacer en el D. F., sino que hay que vivir ahí y adoptar su forma de vida para ser considerado como tal, ya que  yo que he nacido ahí no me considero &lt;em&gt;chilango&lt;/em&gt; dado que emigré apenas siendo un crío. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí las fuentes más relevantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.significados.com/chilango/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.significados.com/chilango/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/chilango/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://definicion.de/chilango/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilango&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilango&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:25:28.583" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T04:07:58.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-06T11:47:14.350" Score="1" ViewCount="718" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching an episode of &quot;Fear the Walking Dead&quot; when one of the actors playing a Spanish resident of Los Angelos said &quot;Ten Cuido&quot; instead of &quot;Ten Cuidado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this Spanish slang or is it made-up or pretend Spanish that was made up by that actor?  I watch Spanish television all the time and can comprehend most movies on HBO Latino except for uncommon words like &quot;lujuria&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10972" LastEditorUserId="10972" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T14:01:36.783" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:12:53.203" Title="¿Se puede decir &quot;Ten cuido&quot; en lugar de &quot;Ten Cuidado&quot;? ¿Es este el argot español o española regional?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14920" CreationDate="2015-10-06T14:44:54.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess, is that it was a mistake. I don't know if you just heard it like that or you also saw it on the subtitles, but I'm pretty sure is not the correct form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never heard anything like &quot;ten cuido&quot;. I would bet that the actor playing the Spanish L.A. resident did not learn his line well. Or maybe he/she just said it really fast, and sounded more like &quot;ten cuido&quot; instead of the proper &quot;ten cuidado&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's always the remote possibility that it is actually slang for a certain urban tribe in a certain area, but if I had to bet my money I would bet it was just a mistake, not that they were intentionally using some obscure slang term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T14:44:54.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14920" CreationDate="2015-10-06T17:31:53.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native Spanish speaker and I can assure you that there's no such thing as &quot;Ten cuido&quot;: The correct form is &quot;ten cuidado&quot; if you want to say &quot;(you) take care&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;cuido&quot; is the conjugation for the first person of the singular (&quot;yo&quot;/I) present for the verb &quot;cuidar&quot; (care), whereas the word &quot;cuidado&quot; refers to the second person of the plural (&quot;ustedes&quot;/you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10973" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T17:37:46.627" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T17:37:46.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14926" CreationDate="2015-10-06T17:52:30.247" Score="5" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use this word in IT to query some paged services. As they return a collection of objects, we can tell the service two different parameters to read all the pages. These are &lt;code&gt;limit&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;offset&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you translate &lt;code&gt;offset&lt;/code&gt; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course &lt;code&gt;limit&lt;/code&gt; is translated as &lt;code&gt;límite&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate says it is &lt;code&gt;compensar&lt;/code&gt; but we don't think that it's correct at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Used in a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacé un pedido al servicio con un limite de 100 y un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;offset&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de 50.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9285" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T18:25:41.787" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T10:22:58.437" Title="How do you say &quot;offset&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14925" CreationDate="2015-10-06T18:22:18.490" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posible traducción puede ser &lt;strong&gt;desplazamiento&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al fin y al cabo, realizas una búsqueda en un intervalo, con un límite y empezando desde otro punto; esto es, &lt;em&gt;desplazas&lt;/em&gt; el origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde el momento que se desplaza el origen una cantidad determinada de elementos, desplazamiento cubre ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offset_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot;&gt;artículo de la Wikipedia en castellano sobre offset&lt;/a&gt; menciona esto también, indicando que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En informática, un offset dentro de un array u otra estructura de&#xA;  datos es un &lt;strong&gt;entero que indica la distancia (desplazamiento) desde el&#xA;  inicio del objeto hasta un punto o elemento dado&lt;/strong&gt;, presumiblemente&#xA;  dentro del mismo objeto. El concepto de distancia es solamente válido&#xA;  si todos los elementos del objeto son del mismo tamaño (típicamente&#xA;  dados en bytes o palabras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T18:22:18.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14938" CreationDate="2015-10-07T03:38:22.410" Score="0" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;On Memrise.com, there is a course titled &lt;em&gt;Spanish Nouns for Young Kids&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Level 1 of the course lists the following word/definition pairs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la corbata     (tie)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la gorbata     (the tie)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does one word mean &quot;tie&quot; and the other mean &quot;the tie&quot;? Also, why is that I've visited two different online Spanish dictionaries, and neither has an entry for &quot;gorbata&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T10:36:13.747" Title="&quot;la corbata&quot; vs &quot;la gorbata&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14930" CreationDate="2015-10-07T07:18:49.963" Score="5" ViewCount="891" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the following sentence in my textbook:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo espero &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know doesn't it mean something like &quot;Him I wait for him&quot;? Why is &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt; necessary? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10974" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T13:26:29.453" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:00:02.393" Title="Using a él in a sentence with lo" Tags="&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14929" CreationDate="2015-10-07T09:44:04.407" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not necessary. You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo espero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But its not clear. What &amp;quot;Lo&amp;quot; means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it a persorn?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it an object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te ha llegado el correo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, todavía lo espero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it an action?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Vas a aprobar este examen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo espero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T09:44:04.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14932" CreationDate="2015-10-07T13:29:30.927" Score="4" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/politica/Podemos-da-rotas-negociaciones-IU_0_438507187.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Podemos da por rotas las negociaciones con IU tras la primera reunión oficial&lt;/a&gt; me sonó algo raro la forma en que la entradilla está escrita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sendas delegaciones de ambos partidos&lt;/strong&gt; se han reunido este martes en la&#xA;  sede de Podemos y han constatado sus diferencias insalvables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, las delegaciones de A y de B se han reunido entre ellas: la delegación de A con la delegación de B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me doy cuenta que &quot;sendos&quot; es necesario, porque de lo contrario la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las delegaciones de ambos partidos se han reunido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tendría la interpretación de que cada delegación se ha reunido internamente, no la delegación A con la delegación B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la expresión no deja de sonarme forzada. ¿Es correcta? ¿Se podría escribir de alguna otra forma manteniendo el significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como referencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=OABWMMWa5DXX2YWRFFd6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sendos, das&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. singŭlos, acus. de -li).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. pl. Uno o una para cada cual de dos o más personas o cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=jFMWLK71YDXX2yaXxo6T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ambos, bas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. ambo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. pl. El uno y el otro; los dos. U. t. c. pron. person. pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:09:00.903" Title="¿Se puede usar &quot;sendos&quot; y &quot;ambos&quot; en la misma frase sin sonar reiterativo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14931" CreationDate="2015-10-07T14:09:00.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sendas es vocabulario formal y poco común. Incluso algunos nativos no conocen bien su significado, por lo que no se nota tanto la reiteración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, la frase podría rescribirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sendas delegaciones de los dos partidos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las delegaciones de ambos partidos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues la frase siguiente elimina toda ambigüedad (&quot;se reunieron en la sede de Podemos...&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:09:00.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2015-10-07T14:33:39.720" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are writing about this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some guys hitting another one, while others are looking at it. You see it from far away and shout:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Animales!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &quot;beasts&quot;, for doing what they are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you add an accent to the word and write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡An&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;males!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &quot;encourage them&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact same little word will mean something completely different just because of an accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could think on many other examples with &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=uGYuxFyWrDXX2CkgOFx6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fábrica&lt;/a&gt; / fabrica (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=PfOm54wD8DXX2btrkrh4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fabricar&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=yB4dZFMawDXX2bD019Y3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;máquina&lt;/a&gt; / maquina (maquinar), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:33:39.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14939" CreationDate="2015-10-07T17:41:40.340" Score="2" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visto en Facebook:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada que compartes esta imagen...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto este uso de la palabra &quot;Cada&quot;, sin la palabra &quot;vez&quot; a continuación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1552" LastEditorUserId="1552" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T10:51:01.843" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T10:51:01.843" Title="Uso de &quot;Cada&quot; sin nada detrás" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14935" CreationDate="2015-10-07T17:54:02.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no es correcto. Comprueba los usos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=w9DN5SNTqDXX2x3yywiE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;cada&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en la web de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cada&lt;/code&gt; suele funcionar como adjetivo, por lo que necesita algo a lo que adjetivar y en esa frase no lo hay. Lo más probable es que sea un error y haya una palabra perdida. Lo que tendría sentido, como bien adivinas, sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada &lt;strong&gt;vez&lt;/strong&gt; que compartes esta imagen...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T23:03:08.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14928" CreationDate="2015-10-07T21:08:10.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La corbata = The Tie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corbata = Tie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gorbata&quot; doesn't exist. It may be just an error in the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-08T10:36:13.747" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T10:36:13.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14935" CreationDate="2015-10-07T23:44:27.920" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, se puede, pero ha caído en gran desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=JB7RFgYeBEkC&amp;amp;pg=PA9&amp;amp;dq=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CDwQ6AEwBGoVChMIw_ikmsGxyAIVx5iACh05QQ0X#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este artículo&lt;/a&gt; que menciona el origen del uso — no es simplemente &lt;em&gt;cada vez que&lt;/em&gt; sin la palabra &lt;em&gt;vez&lt;/em&gt;, la forma &lt;em&gt;cada vez que&lt;/em&gt; vino después.  También es notado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=Zt2HOq1OG7kC&amp;amp;pg=PA1438&amp;amp;dq=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CDkQ6AEwBGoVChMIr4-4h8KxyAIVCqGACh3YlABO#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro libro de gramática&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La locución registra &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=AVOWlKtiNMIC&amp;amp;pg=PA48&amp;amp;dq=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CF8Q6AEwCWoVChMIw_ikmsGxyAIVx5iACh05QQ0X#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;usos académicos&lt;/a&gt; en 2000 y se evidencia en contextos más informales &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=8wLnCQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT46&amp;amp;dq=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CEgQ6AEwBmoVChMIr4-4h8KxyAIVCqGACh3YlABO#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22cada%20que%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en 2015&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Google N-Grams, podemos ver que es el principio del siglo XVIII cuando &lt;em&gt;cada vez que&lt;/em&gt; empezó a usarse con muchísimas más frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Xrab.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Xrab.png&quot; alt=&quot;Graph showing increasing use of cada_vez_que and decreasing use of cada_que&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, la forma sigue registrada en el DRAE, incluso en la 23.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; edición, por lo que podemos asegurarnos de que no se considera tan en desuso que se lo deba censurar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cada&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;~ que&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/em&gt; Siempre que, o &lt;strong&gt;cada&lt;/strong&gt; vez que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sobre el tema, dice la RAE lo siguiente en su &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; (§15.7h):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La omisión del sustantivo puede darse también en grupos nominales encabezados por otros determinantes y cuantificadores, como en &lt;em&gt;Ahora, cuéntame una de piratas&lt;/em&gt; (Fuentes, &lt;em&gt;Región&lt;/em&gt;), donde se sobrentiende &lt;em&gt;historia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;película&lt;/em&gt;. En el español preclásico era frecuente omitir el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;vez&lt;/em&gt; entre el distributivo &lt;em&gt;cada&lt;/em&gt; y la oración de relativo que lo sigue, como en &lt;em&gt;Cada que vuestro nombre yo le estó deziendo, / otéame e sospira e está comediendo&lt;/em&gt; (Arcipreste Hita, &lt;em&gt;Buen Amor&lt;/em&gt;).  Este uso se perdió en el español europeo, pero pervive en el español coloquial mexicano, así como en parte de las áreas centroamericana, caribeña y andina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada que&lt;/em&gt; nos encontrábamos, le hablaba de ti a la señorita Hortensia (Prada Oropeza, &lt;em&gt;Hora&lt;/em&gt;); Desde hace dos años tomamos café &lt;em&gt;cada que&lt;/em&gt; viene al puerto (Aguilar Camín, &lt;em&gt;Golfo&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Cada que&lt;/em&gt; veo esta nave pienso que Dios existe (María, &lt;em&gt;Fábrica&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta información se repite en §19.9d (donde dice que sería una omisión de &lt;em&gt;vez&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ocasión&lt;/em&gt;, aunque el primer artículo enlazado dice que no es meramente una omisión, sino una construcción propia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T09:15:55.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14928" CreationDate="2015-10-08T09:44:12.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tie for me could mean 2 things... A neck tie (&lt;strong&gt;corbata&lt;/strong&gt;) or just a regular rope tie (&lt;strong&gt;nudo&lt;/strong&gt;). &#xA;Gorbata is not a Spanish word and this website must got it wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5364" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T09:44:12.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14929" CreationDate="2015-10-08T10:01:54.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; (him), you refer to a person. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que diga &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt;. (What HE says)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dile &lt;strong&gt;a él&lt;/strong&gt;. (Tell HIM)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; is a definite article used before a noun if it is masculine such as &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; if it is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El carro. &lt;strong&gt;The car&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La guitarra. &lt;strong&gt;The guitar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5364" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T10:08:26.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14925" CreationDate="2015-10-08T10:22:58.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use in that numerical context as your example this could be translated to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Margen de error&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; Meaning you need to order 100 as limit with an offset of 50. As if your valid range is 50 (-50) to 150 (+50)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5364" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T10:22:58.437" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14945" CreationDate="2015-10-08T12:23:19.253" Score="4" ViewCount="5940" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/14919/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de Jose Maria&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14914/1674&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la historia de la palabra “chilango”?&lt;/a&gt; cuando me fijé en la parte de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo añadiría que ser chilango no es solamente nacer en el &lt;strong&gt;D.F.&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  sino que hay que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendió este &lt;code&gt;D.F.&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de simplemente &lt;code&gt;DF&lt;/code&gt;. En busca de un esclarecimiento, entré en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.df.gob.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web del Distrito Federal&lt;/a&gt; pero no pude encontrar una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿decimos &quot;D.F.&quot; o &quot;DF&quot;? ¿Hay alguna regla al respecto o depende de cada localidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:39:31.373" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:39:31.373" Title="¿Cómo se abrevia Distrito Federal al mencionar México?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14944" CreationDate="2015-10-08T15:01:56.117" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, cuando se forma una &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=abreviatura&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abreviatura&lt;/a&gt; usando las iniciales de las palabras que forman una fórmula o expresión, éstas deben ir seguidas de punto, y tras un punto siempre se debe dejar un espacio. Por tanto, la abreviatura correcta para Distrito Federal es &lt;em&gt;D. F.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como confirmación, esta abreviatura aparece en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista de abreviaturas más frecuentes&lt;/a&gt; incluida como apéndice del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día, de todos modos, es bastante habitual pronunciar &lt;em&gt;de efe&lt;/em&gt;, con lo cual se ha convertido la antigua abreviatura en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sigla&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sigla&lt;/a&gt;. En ese caso, lo correcto es escribir todo junto &lt;em&gt;DF&lt;/em&gt;, sin puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, y según la norma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;Distrito Federal&lt;/em&gt;, se debe escribir &lt;em&gt;D. F.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;De Efe&lt;/em&gt;, se debe escribir &lt;em&gt;DF&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;D.F.&lt;/em&gt;, sin espacios, es incorrecto en cualquier caso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-10-08T15:06:20.910" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T15:06:20.910" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14920" CreationDate="2015-10-08T17:24:43.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a note: lujuria is not an uncommon word (at least not in Spain). Regarding the &quot;spanish&quot; actor... he surely is not spanish, I've seen a lot of movies where an english actor speaking spanish says some nonsense like T2's &quot;no problemo&quot;. It doesn't matter in his case since he is not acting as an spanish character, but I've seen movies where english actors pretend to be spanish, and that clearly stands out like in this case. &quot;Ten cuido&quot; is completely wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5318" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T17:24:43.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-08T21:36:28.397" Score="4" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a novel. One of the characters is a U. S. born teenage boy (living in Texas) whose mother is Mexican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following words would be more suitable for the boy to address his mom according to the context explained above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mamá&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the people who suggested me of using &lt;em&gt;Ma&lt;/em&gt; say &lt;em&gt;Mamá&lt;/em&gt; is all wrong and viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10986" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T05:25:59.933" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T05:25:59.933" Title="How would a US-teenage boy address his mom?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14948" CreationDate="2015-10-09T06:30:38.043" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;em&gt;&quot;mamá&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly acceptable and the most common (I would say). However, &lt;em&gt;&quot;amá&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;ma&quot;&lt;/em&gt; are very common among Mexicans as well, so nothing wrong with them either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to choose one of them, I would use &lt;em&gt;&quot;mamá&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T06:30:38.043" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2015-10-09T07:35:14.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definamos una &quot;isografía&quot; (1) como dos palabras o grupo de palabras o parte de palabras que se escriben igual, salvo por algún acento, pero cuyo significado es distinto y a veces incluso opuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el español es una lengua  muy viva y muy rica en palabras, lo cierto es que también nos faltan algunas. Aquí van unos ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como = comme, en francés = like, en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cómo = comment, en francés = how, en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que = que, en francés = that, en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;qué = quel/quelle, qu´est-ce-que,  en francés = what , en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si = si, en francés = if, en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sí = oui, en francés = yes , en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se = on, en francés = we , en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sé = je sais, en francés = i know, en inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos más ejemplos y en todos los casos, tanto en el inglés, como en el francés existen en esas dos bellas lenguas dos palabras distintas pero una sola en español, distinguibles sólo por llevar acento o no llevarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1): Puede ser un neologismo, pero no me importa. Hay que saber crear neologismos si estos son lógicos, fundamentados y a la vez equilibrados y que no desentonen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T07:35:14.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14952" CreationDate="2015-10-09T12:58:14.787" Score="4" ViewCount="790" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia oigo la palabra &lt;code&gt;overwhelming&lt;/code&gt;. Me suena potente e intento incorporarla a mi vocabulario en inglés. Sin embargo, cuando busco sus &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=overwhelming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;posibles traducciones&lt;/a&gt; me encuentro con unas cuantas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;( too powerful )&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;arrollador/a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;apabullante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;aplastante, avasallante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;avasallador/a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;( irresistible )&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;irresistible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;( feeling )&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;acuciante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;incontenible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;abrumador/a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como algunas de ellas me parecen contradictorias entre sí, me pregunto: ¿cuál es la forma más correcta de traducir esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T20:08:00.850" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor manera de traducir &quot;overwhelming&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14951" CreationDate="2015-10-09T13:13:05.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente, no hay &quot;mejor manera&quot; de traducir &lt;code&gt;overwhelming&lt;/code&gt;. Es decir, no hay una relación uno-a-uno entre el inglés y el español y la mejor traducción (&quot;mejor&quot; en el sentido de que mantiene o expresa mejor el significado, y en la medida de lo posible embellece estilísticamente) depende mucho del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, a la lista que aportas en la pregunta podría añadir &lt;code&gt;agobiado&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;code&gt;agobiante&lt;/code&gt;), si se usa para describir al sujeto que está bajo presión. Podría usar &lt;code&gt;apabullante&lt;/code&gt;, pero &lt;code&gt;agobiado&lt;/code&gt; suena mejor para mi (en lo que por supuesto es una &lt;strong&gt;opción personal&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario si quisiera decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I felt the &lt;em&gt;overwhelming&lt;/em&gt; feeling to do XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;favorecería &lt;code&gt;irresistible&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;agobiador/a&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentí el &lt;em&gt;irresistible&lt;/em&gt; deseo de hacer XYZ (tomarme un helado, por ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bajo otro contexto, sí favorecería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;agobiante&lt;/em&gt; sensación de XYZ (de la carga de trabajo, por ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras posibilidades podría incluir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sobrecogedor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insoportable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desbordante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;incontenible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;contundente (The evidence was overwhelming)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;extraordinario (The view was overwhelming)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por supuesto escoger una sobre otra podría depender del contexto y de la forma en la que quieras expresar el significado original o matizar el sentimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T13:13:05.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14948" CreationDate="2015-10-09T13:29:52.383" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is really interesting to me. You are not saying anything about the father (if there is one) and that factor could influence too how the boy speaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know Mexican culture well enough to be sure what the boy would say if both parents were Mexican, but it is interesting to me how people in the States say &quot;My dad/mom ...&quot;. Never &quot;My father/mother ...&quot;. They seem to distinguish between someone who is a father and someone who is a dad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (at least Spain) you would address them directly as &quot;papá/mamá&quot; but talk about them as &quot;Mi padre/madre ...&quot;. Only kids would use the &quot;Mi papá/mamá...&quot; form to talk about them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bet is that the mother would teach this kid to call her &quot;mamá&quot;. In his environment outside his home this kid would be hearing other kids using &quot;my dad / my mom&quot;, which he would associate with &quot;papá and mamá&quot;. For all these reasons I am pretty sure that this boy would use the form &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mamá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; to address directly to his mother when talking to her (and he would probably use &quot;mi mamá&quot; to refer to her to other people). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T13:29:52.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14955" CreationDate="2015-10-09T13:35:27.490" Score="2" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La calle era discreta &lt;strong&gt;a pesar de que&lt;/strong&gt; las tantas ventanas de su nombre &lt;strong&gt;hicieran&lt;/strong&gt; pensar en demasiados ojos detrás de los visillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T15:02:50.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T15:02:50.387" Title="¿Cómo explicar el uso del subjuntivo en esta frase?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14954" CreationDate="2015-10-09T14:30:28.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo cuesta de entender a los no nativos. Por experiencia con mi mujer, cuando se les explica en clase se les dice que &lt;code&gt;The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is a mood&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usases el indicativo estarías indicando que es más o menos objetivo que muchas las ventanas de esa calle hacen pensar en ojos que te observan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La calle es discreta a pesar de que las tantas ventanas de su nombre &lt;strong&gt;hacen&lt;/strong&gt; pensar en demasiados ojos detrás de los visillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como tenemos ese &quot;hacer pensar&quot; y el sentirse observado es más una sensación que un hecho, se usa el subjuntivo;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La calle es discreta a pesar de que las tantas ventanas de su nombre &lt;strong&gt;hagan&lt;/strong&gt; pensar en demasiados ojos detrás de los visillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede no haber nadie detrás de las ventanas, o puede haber mucha gente. No importa. Es cómo tú te sientes (observado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T14:30:28.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14956" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14957" CreationDate="2015-10-10T09:49:52.493" Score="4" ViewCount="52701" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco pregunté &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14855/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; la palabra &amp;quot;huida&amp;quot; no lleva tilde?&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/4182/guifa&quot;&gt;guifa&lt;/a&gt; dio una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/14857/1674&quot;&gt;fantástica explicación&lt;/a&gt; al respecto: &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; es siempre diptongo, independientemente de si una de las dos vocales se acentúa. Por tanto, la palabra &lt;em&gt;huida&lt;/em&gt; es llana terminada en vocal, luego no lleva tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora me ha sobrevenido otra cuestión parecida, pero no igual: ¿lleva la palabra &quot;cuidate&quot; tilde? Si es así, ¿dónde? ¿Y cómo se pronuncia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí mi hipótesis: debería llevar tilde en la &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;cuídate&lt;/strong&gt;), pues es esdrújula (la tónica es la antepenúltima sílaba). Sin embargo, yo particularmente pronuncio la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; más fuerte que la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, lo que me hace dudar si la tilde debe ser en una vocal o la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo saberlo? ¿Tenemos alguna manera de saberlo si no es memorizando? guifa comentaba que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Simplemente hay que memorizar la silabificación de estas palabras. No&#xA;  solo ocurre, de hecho, con palabras con ui. Si tenemos una combinación&#xA;  diptongada en que no recae el acento de la palabra, es imposible saber&#xA;  por la escritura si es diptongo verdadero (normal) o un llamado hiato&#xA;  excepcional, hecho más complicado por diferencias dialectales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T20:43:22.610" Title="¿Es correcto escribir &quot;cuídate&quot;? ¿dónde se debe poner la tilde? ¿y el acento?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14956" CreationDate="2015-10-10T10:12:28.917" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es también «por convención»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este diptongo no lleva tilde, salvo&#xA;   cuando se trata de palabras agudas (acabadas en vocal, &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;  o esdrújulas; en este caso, el diptongo &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt;  lleva acento en la &lt;em&gt;-i&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-uí&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;benjuí, cuídate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Fuente: Departamento de español urgente de la agencia EFE: &#xA;  Diccionario de español urgente. &#xA;  Madrid: Ediciones S.M., 2000, p. 161.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vía &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Diptongo%20ui%20-%20iu.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hispanoteca&lt;/a&gt;, en la que aclaran:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La combinación de la vocal cerrada &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; con la vocal cerrada &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; se considerarán siempre diptongos a efectos de acentuación gráfica, aunque se pueden pronunciar como hiatos o como diptongos. Para la acentuación seguirán las normas generales y en caso de llevar tilde, ésta se pondrá sobre la segunda vocal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que se ha decidido optar por esa norma aunque pueda no ajustarse a la pronunciación del acento en según que dialectos, precisamente por existir esa disparidad de pronunciaciones consideradas variaciones y no incorrecciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-10-10T16:25:40.923" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T16:25:40.923" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14960" CreationDate="2015-10-10T19:12:48.297" Score="3" ViewCount="2666" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suponga que tengo planes a visitar una familia. Mi papá me pregunta a quién voy a visitar. ¿Cómo le contesto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés contestaríamos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to visit &lt;strong&gt;the Smiths&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Browns&lt;/strong&gt; are very nice neighbors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know &lt;strong&gt;the Coopers&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay una manera de expresar lo mismo en español? Lo que pensé era algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los Garcias&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(¿Y si esto es correcto, cómo lo haría para un nombre como &amp;quot;Rodriguez&amp;quot;? ¿Los Rodriguezes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La familia Garcia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:55:52.003" Title="¿Cómo se expresa nombres de familias?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14959" CreationDate="2015-10-10T19:26:24.657" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;voy a visitar a los García&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;voy a visitar a los Rodríguez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es incorrecto decir &quot;garcias&quot; o rodrígueces&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8949" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-10-10T19:43:43.867" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T19:43:43.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14962" CreationDate="2015-10-10T21:36:51.300" Score="2" ViewCount="1336" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito hablar sobre el baile, y parece que voy a usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;pareja&lt;/em&gt; mucho: puede significar tanto la dama como el caballero como los dos juntos, si entiendo bien.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la uso para referirse al caballero, ¿puedo decir &quot;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; pareja de baile&quot;?  ¿O todavía lleva &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece extraño decir &quot;Miguel es &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; pareja de baile de María&quot;, pero español no es mi lengua nativa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to speak about dancing, and it looks like I'm going to use the word &lt;em&gt;pareja&lt;/em&gt; a lot, since it refer to the lady, the gentleman, and the couple, if I am understanding correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use &lt;em&gt;pareja&lt;/em&gt; to refer to the gentleman, can I say &quot;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; pareja de baile&quot;? Or do I still use &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems strange to me to say &quot;Miguel es &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; pareja de baile de María&quot; but I'm not a native Spanish speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:02:25.080" Title="¿Se dice &quot;el pareja de baile&quot; para referirse al caballero?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14961" CreationDate="2015-10-10T22:08:16.483" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pareja&lt;/em&gt; as a noun is always feminine, regardless whom it refers to, and should use the article &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is called an &lt;em&gt;epicene&lt;/em&gt; noun and may refer to anything of either gender despite having a single constant gender. Other epicene nouns include words like &lt;em&gt;víctima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;miembro&lt;/em&gt;. That said, the DPD recognizes that in Colombia, a masculine form &lt;em&gt;parejo&lt;/em&gt; has developed, but it will sound very odd to speakers of most dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used as an adjective, however, it varies in number and gender (&lt;em&gt;parejo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) and means &lt;em&gt;same/similar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;flat/straight&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-10-10T22:21:43.663" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T22:21:43.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14964" CreationDate="2015-10-11T00:39:00.783" Score="10" ViewCount="18364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me confunde la ortografía de la palabra &quot;ataúd&quot;. Las reglas ortográficas del idioma español (o sea, las reglas que sé) sugieren que no debamos poner un acento en esta palabra. Entonces, ¿por qué lo ponemos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T02:50:10.553" Title="¿Por qué la palabra &quot;ataúd&quot; lleva acento?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14963" CreationDate="2015-10-11T01:24:17.967" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, primero hay que ver la silabificación de esta palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a - ta - ud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que termina con una &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt;, las reglas de acentación indica que sería posible prescindirse de tilde solo si es palabra aguda.  Ahora nos preguntamos, ¿dónde se acentúa la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a - ta - &lt;strong&gt;ud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, sería fácil pensar que no debe haber tilde porque es palabra aguda terminada en consonante (excepto &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;).  Pero si tomamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;ataud&lt;/em&gt;, y lo partimos según las normas de pronunciación, tenemos otro resultado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a - &lt;strong&gt;taud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué pasa eso?  Pues, siempre que tengamos una vocal fuerte (o abierta) con una vocal débil (o cerrada) como tenemos con la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (fuerte) y la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; (débil), se las considera como diptongo.  Y a un diptongo le recae el acento sobre la vocal fuerte, es decir, la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero ya dijimos que debe recaer sobre la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; y no la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; que recibe el acento.  Por tanto, tildamos la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; es fuerte y no débil.  Con dos vocales fuertes hay hiato (/a.u/) en vez de diptongo /aw/), y la tilde indica la sílaba acentuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra tuviese otra vocal fuerte (por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;ataod&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ataad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ataed&lt;/em&gt;), no sería necesaria la tilde.  Si tuviese la otra débil (&lt;em&gt;ataíd&lt;/em&gt;) sería necesaria por las mismas razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T07:33:42.153" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T07:33:42.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14980" CreationDate="2015-10-11T08:56:05.600" Score="2" ViewCount="2325" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También ella lo había visto muchas veces, y nunca se hubiera imaginado&#xA;  que estuviera allí sólo para verla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que yo sepa, &lt;em&gt;que estuviera allí sólo para verla&lt;/em&gt; es una oración complementaria ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿qué tipo de oración es &lt;em&gt;nunca se hubiera imaginado&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:16:51.050" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:16:51.050" Title="¿Qué tipo de oración es &quot;nunca se hubiera imaginado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-11T09:42:04.673" Score="3" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de oración es &quot;como no fuera llevar otro río nuevo&quot; en el siguiente fragmento?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca se tomó el trabajo de pensarlo y cuando se dio cuenta de la verdad ya no había nada que hacer, &lt;strong&gt;como no fuera llevar otro río&#xA;  nuevo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-11T09:46:15.840" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T17:45:53.620" Title="&quot;... como no fuera llevar otro río nuevo&quot; ¿qué tipo de oración es?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14970" CreationDate="2015-10-11T09:54:14.983" Score="6" ViewCount="5771" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco leía la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/278272/37429&quot;&gt;How to say “It's not rocket science” before rockets existed&lt;/a&gt;, lo que me llevó a preguntarme:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué expresión tenemos en casellano para referirnos a la expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;&quot;it's not rocket science&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi dialecto castellano de España se me ocurren algunas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser una lumbrera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser un genio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles más se podrían utilizar? ¿Hay alguna especialmente indicada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2020-06-29T07:50:04.830" Title="¿Cómo decir &quot;it's not rocket science&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2015-10-11T10:56:57.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser un lumbreras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser un genio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso está tirado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso está chupado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso es pan comido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coser y cantar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me suena ninguna más, las tercera y la cuarta suelen ser las más habituales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T10:56:57.313" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2015-10-11T11:48:29.763" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literalmente, es &quot;eso no es ciencia/tecnología aeroespacial&quot;, que alguna vez he oído, pero hace años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora diríamos algo como &quot;eso no es/son nueva(s) tecnología(s)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10997" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T11:48:29.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2015-10-11T12:56:28.193" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizaría alguna cosa como una traducción indirecta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puede ser imposible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se quiere buscar más impacto, utilizaría alguna disciplina que en cierto sentido &amp;quot;asuste&amp;quot; a la gran mayoría de la gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es física cuántica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser un genio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hace falta ser brillante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hace falta ser Einstein (u otra persona de público conocimiento)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;lumbreras&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; es muy usado en España. En Argentina no se escucha nunca (así como acá usamos &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;capo&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; en ese sentido, son cosas regionales). Seguramente en todo Latinoamérica se entenderá mejor &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;genio&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;brillante&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. De nuevo &amp;quot;eso está chupado&amp;quot; y &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;eso está tirado&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; no las he escuchado jamás. Si alguien me lo dijera preguntaría qué significan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, expresiones como &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;es pan comido&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; se relacionan, incluso por traducción directa con &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;it's a piece of cake&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Bien sabemos que la frase &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;it's not rocket science&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; no implica &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;it's a piece of cake&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Mientras la primera implica que algo, si bien requiere algo de esfuerzo, no es imposible; la segunda implica que cualquiera puede fácilmente lograrlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un acto innecesario se lo pregunté a Google&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/box67.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/box67.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aparecen &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;No hay que ser un genio&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;No hay que ser muy listo para darse cuenta de...&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. La última también es de distribución amplia pero es bastante larga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T13:08:07.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2015-10-11T15:02:42.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must agree with most of, if not all the definitions provided by the other poster. A tigre or tiguere translates into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a street smart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a thug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a gangster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a very wise guy for good (or for bad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a shark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even a very intelligent person&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the context when you use the word tigre which I use a lot when talking among Dominicans.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10999" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T00:13:03.717" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T00:13:03.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14966" CreationDate="2015-10-11T17:45:53.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración está indicando que «llevar otro río nuevo» es la única opción alternativa a no hacer nada; o lo que viene a ser equivalente, de no «llevar otro río nuevo», no se podría hacer nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás es un poco obscura por ser una construcción negativa, y porque el «como no fuera», aunque bello, es poco habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi entender, se podría sustituir bastante bien el «como no fuera + &lt;em&gt;inf&lt;/em&gt;» por un «a no ser que + &lt;em&gt;subj&lt;/em&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...ya no había nada que hacer, a no ser que llevase otro río nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, una subordinada adverbial, concretamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/07/ejemplos-de-subordinada-adverbial_27.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;condicional&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T17:45:53.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14973" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14975" CreationDate="2015-10-12T01:28:39.827" Score="7" ViewCount="11422" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo a mi padre de visita unos días. El otro día fuimos a hacer la compra juntos y para elegir huevos le quise decir que cogiésemos los &quot;Cage free eggs&quot;, y no supe encontrar las palabras para traducirlo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los compraba también en España, cuando vivía ahí, pero no me acuerdo de cómo los llamaban o qué ponía exactamente en la etiqueta. Sólo pude explicar que son huevos que ponen gallinas que están &quot;en libertad&quot; o más bien, que no viven encerradas en jaulas minúsculas con luces artificiales 24 horas al día para que estén poniendo huevos constantemente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que &quot;en libertad&quot; no es del todo correcto, ya que no son gallinas &quot;salvajes&quot; y &quot;que no viven en jaulas diminutas&quot; no creo que sea una buena etiqueta para poner en la huevera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduce &quot;cage free eggs&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T14:35:57.673" LastActivityDate="2020-09-23T17:23:22.423" Title="¿Cómo decir &quot;Cage free eggs&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2015-10-12T01:50:59.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Brasil, &lt;em&gt;papichulo&lt;/em&gt; (así, sin espacio) es utilizado en jerga para describir a un papá lindo y atractivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11000" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T09:24:40.870" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T09:24:40.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14973" CreationDate="2015-10-12T02:57:14.483" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende un poco.  Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/sociedad/20131011/abci-huevos-ecologicos-jaulas-diferencian-201310101250.html&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, hay tres designaciones en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la gallina no está enjaulada, pero tampoco está al aire libre, se llaman &lt;strong&gt;huevos de suelo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si están libres (ni jaula ni nave ni nada), se llaman &lt;strong&gt;huevos camperos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los huevos camperos cuyas gallinas solo comían comida ecológica se pueden llamar &lt;strong&gt;huevos ecológicos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, creo que es más común asociar estos términos a la gallina en vez de al huevo: &lt;em&gt;huevos de gallinas criadas en el suelo&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;de gallinas camperas&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T02:57:14.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14973" CreationDate="2015-10-12T08:33:57.703" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para complementar la respuesta de Guifa, añado una descripción de los códigos de los huevos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LAASL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LAASL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como se puede ver, hay 4 tipos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Granjas de gallinas en jaulas&lt;/strong&gt;: Viven en jaulas diseñadas especialmente para facilitar la recogida de los huevos, evitando que se ensucien con estiércol, tienen acceso al agua y a una alimentación equilibrada a base de pienso. Estas instalaciones facilitan el control sanitario y la limpieza. Es el sistema más habitual en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Granjas de gallinas en suelo&lt;/strong&gt;: Se mueven libremente dentro de una nave, en la que tienen comida, agua, ponederos y zonas de descanso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Granjas de gallinas camperas&lt;/strong&gt;: Además de una nave como el de las gallinas en suelo, tienen corrales al aire libre donde salen a picotear, escarbar y darse baños de arena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Granjas de gallinas ecológicas&lt;/strong&gt;: Las instalaciones son similares a las granjas camperas, pero las gallinas se alimentan con pienso que procede de la agricultura ecológica y tienen que cumplir las normas específicas de esta producción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú buscas unos de los 3 últimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T08:33:57.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14988" CreationDate="2015-10-12T09:59:33.523" Score="1" ViewCount="18481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en el DRAE la definición de &quot;volado&quot; y de &quot;estar volado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=sTwizbODNDXX2g6BIUc6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;volado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del part. de volar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar alguien ~.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Estar inquieto, sobresaltado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Perú. Estar distraído.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en España se suele decir &quot;estás volado&quot; a alguien como sinónimo de &quot;estás loco&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ayer me comí veinte bocadillos de morcilla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Estás volado!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde proviene esta acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que en Perú &quot;volar&quot; puede significar &quot;estar drogado&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=sTwizbODNDXX2g6BIUc6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;volar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. volāre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Perú. Estar bajo los efectos de una droga alucinógena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero solo en Perú. ¿Qué otra explicación puede tener el término? ¿O acaso yo lo uso mal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-04-11T09:13:48.720" Title="¿Por qué &quot;estar volado&quot; se entiende como &quot;estar loco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14978" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-12T16:47:04.207" Score="0" ViewCount="682" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber cuál es el verbo correcto al usar ser/estar en estas 2 oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La característica que observamos en la zona es que.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Los  biotopos tienden a estar/ser influenciados por las bajas&#xA;  temperaturas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Los ecosistemas están/son expuestos a precipitaciones sólidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10843" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:35:19.930" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:35:19.930" Title="Empleo de Ser o Estar en la oraciòn" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14978" CreationDate="2015-10-12T19:51:41.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sintéticamente &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; implica identidad (permanent static identity), mientras que &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; implica un estado (dynamic state).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Los biotopos tienden a &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; influenciados por las bajas temperaturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Los ecosistemas &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; expuestos a precipitaciones sólidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11006" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T22:08:52.243" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T22:08:52.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14965" CreationDate="2015-10-12T20:30:40.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero que nada, desde mi perspectiva hay un error en la formación del verbo (aunque esto es discutible). Debería usarse el condicional &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; en lugar del pretérito imperfecto subjuntivo &lt;strong&gt;hubiera&lt;/strong&gt;. Con ese cambio, el análisis gamátical es más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos oraciones proposicionales coordinadas por la conjunción &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;también ella lo había visto muchas veces&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sujeto es &lt;em&gt;&quot;ella&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. El predicado es &lt;em&gt;&quot;también lo había visto muchas veces&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Muy simple, no requiere mayor análisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[ella] nunca se habría imaginado que estuviera allí sólo para verla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta oración es más complicada. El sujeto &quot;ella&quot; se elide porque está en oración anterior. El predicado es así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1 Núcleo: el verbo &lt;strong&gt;habría imaginado&lt;/strong&gt; (condicional perfecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2 Adyacentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.1 Adverbio &lt;strong&gt;nunca&lt;/strong&gt;, que acota la circunstancia temporal del verbo (en realidad de todo el predicado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.2 Morfema pronominal &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, sin función sintáctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.3 Complemento directo &lt;strong&gt;que estuviera allí sólo para verla&lt;/strong&gt;. Es el objeto del verbo, &lt;em&gt;lo nunca imaginado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento directo corresponde, como te das cuenta, a una oración que está subordinada al verbo principal por medio del pronombre &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.2.3 [él] estuviera allí solo para verla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No manejo el concepto &quot;oración complementaria&quot;, pero creo que estamos de acuerdo en que es una construcción sintáctica secundaria que &quot;apoya&quot; a una oración principal. El verbo está conjugado en subjuntivo: &quot;estuviera&quot;, como ocurre siempre en las oraciones subordinadas. &lt;em&gt;Supongo&lt;/em&gt; que se llama &quot;complementaria&quot; porque sirve de &lt;em&gt;complemento&lt;/em&gt; directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, para responder tu pregunta, &lt;em&gt;nunca se hubiera imaginado&lt;/em&gt; no es una oración correcta en este caso. El verbo está en subjuntivo, por lo que requiere obligatoriamente ir encabezada por un conector que la subordine (principalmente un &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; o un &lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt;). Como este conector no existe, debería ser &lt;em&gt;nunca se habría imaginado&lt;/em&gt;, la cual no tiene nada de especial, es simplemente una oración proposicional simple y principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T20:30:40.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14981" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-12T22:38:23.357" Score="4" ViewCount="974" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always struggled with the past tense forms of &quot;to be&quot;. I have no issues determining whether to use ser or estar in present tense, but the added factors of imperfect vs preterite always throws me off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I see the uses of the forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba: For describing an ongoing past tense, non-permanent/identity, event. &quot;It was dark at the party&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve: For describing an instantaneous, non-permanent/identity, event. &quot;She was furious (at the moment)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era: For describing ongoing permanent characteristics or identities. &quot;He was a happy man&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue: For describing instantaneous permanent characteristics or identities. I honestly have no idea when or how to use this properly in the &quot;to be&quot; sense (not the ir sense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My ideas are likely faulty and totally wrong. Would anyone be able to correct them for me and help me to understand when to use each of the forms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8801" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T04:19:58.520" Title="How should I determine when to use the 4 main past tense forms of &quot;to be&quot; (the Imperfect and preterite forms of ser and estar)?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14981" CreationDate="2015-10-13T00:43:30.000" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should identify imperfect/preterite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preterite&lt;/strong&gt;: Actions ended/finished. You can use this to tell a story.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;: An action from the past, but one that hasn't necessarily ended.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of ser/estar in the past is similar to how it is used in the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, let me explain this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;She was very pretty.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella fue muy bonita.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / ser, she was pretty but isn't pretty now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella era muy bonita.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / ser, she may or may not be pretty now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella estaba muy bonita.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / estar, she was pretty at one specific period of time, for example, at a party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;I was fat.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo fui gordo.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / ser, I was fat, but I am not fat anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo era gordo.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / ser, I am not talking about the present, I may or may not be fat now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo estuve gordo.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / estar, I am talking about a concrete state, &quot;In the 70s, I was fat.&quot; The action has ended, I am not fat anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo estaba gordo.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / estar, I am talking about a concrete state, such as, &quot;In the 70's, I was fat.&quot; I am not expressing anything about the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;It was dark at the party.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estaba oscuro en la fiesta.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / estar, I am talking about a story from the past that has ended or maybe the lights went on (so it is no longer dark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estuvo oscuro en la fiesta.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / estar, I am not expressing anything. Maybe it is still dark or maybe it isn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Era/fue oscuro en la fiesta.&quot; -&gt; It doesn't make sense to use era/fue with &lt;em&gt;oscuro&lt;/em&gt;; the quality of being light or dark is usually something that is in a fluctuating state as in, it may be dark now, but it won't be dark forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;She was furious.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella estaba furiosa.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / estar, she was upset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella estuvo furiosa.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / estar, she was upset (this usually is used in an early-past, so she may be furious still).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ella era/fue furiosa.&quot; -&gt; Doesn't make sense, furious isn't an identity, it's a state, a fluctuating situation.  Nobody is furious forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;He was a happy man.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él fue un hombre feliz.&quot; -&gt; Preterite / ser, he lost the happiness somehow (perhaps he is now dead?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él era un hombre feliz.&quot; -&gt; Imperfect / ser, is he happy now?  We don't know, but it is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Él estaba/estuvo un hombre feliz.&quot; -&gt; Never! You shouldn't use &quot;estar&quot; with &quot;un/una.&quot; Anyway, happy is an identity, not a state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Editor's note: While it is true that &quot;happy&quot; can be considered an &quot;identity,&quot; it can also be a fluctuating condition.  For example, someone can be a happy person in general or just happy at a particular moment in time for a particular reason.  But, as you can see from the discussion in this thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/answers/132301/whats-the-difference-between-soy-feliz-and-estoy-feliz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, there appears to be a lack of consensus on whether or not one should use &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; with &quot;feliz.&quot;  This graph from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ngram_Viewer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google's Ngram Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, further supports that &quot;estoy feliz&quot; is being used by some:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/ANmGaK9.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I did not do a thorough examination of these examples.  In fact, I didn't conduct any at all, but while I have difficulty finding it natural that native Spanish speakers would have more reason to say I'm happy (as in I'm a happy person) over &quot;I'm happy&quot; (at this moment in time), I readily see a need to use &quot;ser&quot; for instances in which one might wish to express &quot;I want to be happy&quot; or &quot;I want to learn to be happy.&quot;  Typically, these last two sentiments are making reference to a permanent condition and not a singular, fleeting moment in time.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-09-25T04:19:58.520" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T04:19:58.520" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14985" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:25:43.817" Score="5" ViewCount="8516" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace años, cuando aún escribíamos cartas de papel, a veces podía ocurrir que se nos &lt;em&gt;traspapelara&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, por alguna razón ese documento se colaba entre otros papeles y ya no éramos capaces de encontrarlo. Como resultado, olvidábamos la carta y demorábamos la respuesta mucho más de lo que la cortesía recomienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=P4Ky3YtFGDXX2NHS1Q8o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traspapelar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(De tras1 y papel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Confundir, perder un papel entre otros, haciendo perder el lugar o colocación que tenía. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Perder o colocar en sitio equivocado cualquier otra cosa. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora esta situación me ocurre a veces con los correos electrónicos: uso Gmail y las combinaciones de teclas a veces me hacen una mala pasada, archivando algo sin que me dé cuenta. Pasa un tiempo, recuerdo ese e-mail y al ir a contestar a la persona que me había escrito querría empezar con un:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento, ¡se me traspapeló tu e-mail!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, me pregunto: ¿es pertinente usar este término en un contexto virtual? ¿hay alguna otra palabra que sea más independiente del material o traspapelar ya ha ganado suficiente abtracción como para utilizarlo también aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T19:56:38.743" Title="¿Se puede &quot;traspapelar&quot; un e-mail?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14984" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:37:47.460" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que sí es correcto, en un sentido metafórico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando lo usas para un correo virtual y no físico, estás usando la definición número 2 que tú has puesto: colocar en sitio equivocado &lt;strong&gt;cualquier otra cosa&lt;/strong&gt;, en este caso un correo electrónico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T09:37:47.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14978" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:42:13.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Los biotopos tienden a estar influenciados por las bajas&#xA;  temperaturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Los ecosistemas están expuestos a precipitaciones sólidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación: Ambos son estados transitorios y no permanentes. Se debe de utilizar por tanto en ambos casos, el magnífico verbo estar, que indica lo que está sujeto a cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS : Me gustaría saber si existe alguna otra lengua en el mundo con esa fértil duplicidad del ser / estar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduzcan al inglés esta breve frase :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estar pero no ser, éste es el problema.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T09:42:13.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14984" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:55:51.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es falta más leve decir que un &quot;emilio&quot; &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt; se ha traspapelado, que decir &quot;soft-ware&quot; por mera y sola oposición al &quot;hard&quot; de &quot;hardware&quot;. Los franceses acuñaron el término más apropiado de &quot;logiciel&quot; = &quot;logicial&quot; por oposición mucho más fundamentada a &quot;matériel&quot; = &quot;material&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1) Por desgracia, en España, solemos decir &quot;e-mail&quot; sin traducir o a veces simplemente &quot;correo&quot;. Los Canadienses francohablantes Quebequeses acuñaron &quot;courriel&quot; juntando &quot;courrier&quot; = &quot;correo&quot; y &quot;el&quot; = &quot;électronique&quot;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T14:25:02.663" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T14:25:02.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14977" CreationDate="2015-10-13T12:37:13.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de &lt;code&gt;¡Estás volado!&lt;/code&gt;en España, es debido al significado de la DRAE, que dice: &lt;code&gt;&quot;loc. verb. coloq. Estar inquieto, sobresaltado&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, especialmente por &lt;code&gt;sobresaltado&lt;/code&gt;. Sobresaltado significa que haz superado los límites de algo &quot;normal&quot;, como en tu ejemplo: &lt;code&gt;Ayer me comí veinte bocadillos de morcilla.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como mencioné antes, aquí la persona que comió los veinte bocadillos ha comido más de lo normal, entonces ahí es cuando se utiliza esta expresión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el significado en Perú y también usado en México (yo soy de México), es debido a que cuando la gente se droga, imagina o alucina cosas por el efecto de las drogas, entonces en este caso es común decir la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Carlos esta echando a volar su imaginación!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero estos ejemplos te sean ayuda para aclarar tus dudas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11008" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-04-11T09:13:48.720" LastActivityDate="2020-04-11T09:13:48.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14991" CreationDate="2015-10-13T12:58:40.980" Score="2" ViewCount="9982" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo esta duda ortográfica y no he encontrado una buena fuente que la aclare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt; (¿o &lt;em&gt;mamy&lt;/em&gt;?) no existe en el diccionario español, pero debería poder escribirla correctamente. Yo prefiero la ye final, basándome en una regla que yo mismo me inventé (a veces hacemos eso y vivimos convencidos): si es tónica, es &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt; (vendí, corrí, maní, así, iraquí, alelí); y si es átona, es &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; (Uruguay, rey, soy, hay). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando ejemplos encontré la palabra &lt;em&gt;taxi&lt;/em&gt;, que anula mi teoría. Pero también en la RAE está &lt;em&gt;sexy&lt;/em&gt;, lo que me hace dudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una regla que dice que llevan &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; las palabras terminadas en diptongo &lt;em&gt;ay, ey, oy, uy&lt;/em&gt;. Pero nada me dice que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; pueda usar una &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; final en otros casos, considerando además que si la palabra siguiente comienza con vocal, la [i] se va a comportar como semivocal igual que en un diptongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La crítica que se me hace al escribir &lt;em&gt;mamy&lt;/em&gt; es que se trata de un anglicismo. De acuerdo, la mayoría de las palabras que pienso sin diptongo final son de origen inglés (&lt;em&gt;tony, sexy, hobby&lt;/em&gt;)... pero &lt;em&gt;mamy&lt;/em&gt; no es un anglicismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:08:40.917" Title="Ortografía de i al final de la palabra: ¿mami o mamy?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14989" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:05:18.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo coincido en que siempre lo he escrito como &lt;code&gt;mami&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;papi&lt;/code&gt; y las variantes terminadas en -y me parecen un anglicismo. He podido encontrar esto en el DRAE sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=km1nGgx0bD6IFPUmdv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;papá&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=mam%E1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;mamá&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En todo el ámbito hispánico se usa también la forma hipocorística &lt;strong&gt;papi&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En todo el ámbito hispánico se usa también la forma hipocorística &lt;strong&gt;mami&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por supuesto tuve que buscar en el diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=hipocor%EDstica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;hipocorístico, ca.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, que es una &quot;forma diminutiva, abreviada o infantil, [que] se usa como designación cariñosa, familiar&quot;, y como tal, quizá las reglas de formación de este diminutivo se &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14895/5481&quot;&gt;salgan un poco de la norma&lt;/a&gt; (nótese que los enlaces recogen las formas &quot;papacito/mamacita&quot;, &quot;papaíto/mamaíta&quot; y &quot;papito/mamita&quot;, que sí siguen las reglas de formación de diminutivos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T15:05:18.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14989" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:30:15.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La lógica mía, mucho más elemental que la de Rodrigo, porque estoy muy poco ilustrado de verdad en temas de lengua; me aconseja escribir &quot;mami&quot; y &quot;papi&quot; porque mamá  y papá se escriben con vocales simples y de tal forma habrá de escribirse su forma diminutiva cariñosa; con una vocal simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de notar que en francés &quot;mamie&quot; significa cariñosamente abuela y no mamá. Pero abuelo, cariñosamente, es &quot;papy&quot;; debido, creo yo, a que es una forma masculina y a que hay muy pocas terminaciones, en francés, en &quot;i&quot;. La comparación del español con el francés se debe a la latinidad cómplice e interrelacionada de ambas lenguas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T15:30:15.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14993" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:43:43.053" Score="9" ViewCount="30182" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay frases en español que tengan todas las letras del alfabeto a la vez.  En inglés el término es &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_quick_brown_fox_jumps_over_the_lazy_dog&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pangram&lt;/a&gt; y el ejemplo es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dogs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase tiene todas las letras del alfabeto inglés incluido - aunque tenga la &lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt; cuatro veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay ejemplos de panagramas en español? Las ejemplos de Wikipedia todos tienen dificultad con &lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt; - usan las palabras &lt;strong&gt;whisky&lt;/strong&gt; o de &lt;strong&gt;kiwi&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No voy discutir sobre la utilidad de las pangramas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé en este ejercicio cuando tuve que entregar una muestra de escritura con la mano que normalmente &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; escribo. Escogí el ejemplo inglés de arriba pero me puse a pensar si hay otro ejemplo en español y les dejo el rompecabeza aquí por si acaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés normalmente se limite a una narracion solamente, en este sentido hay limite.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensándolo mas, todo esto tiene que ver con el vocabulario español que &lt;strong&gt;incluye&lt;/strong&gt; las letras &lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;K&lt;/strong&gt; en la lengua moderna.  Se observa (Wikipedia) que Don Quixote incluye 1.640.502 letras y solamente aparecen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt; 2 veces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K&lt;/strong&gt; 0 veces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español moderna las frequéncias son &lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt; 1:10000 y &lt;strong&gt;K&lt;/strong&gt; 2:10000.  Contanto letras así se hace en el campo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criptoan%C3%A1lisis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Criptoanálisis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué por curiosidad las frecuencias de aparicion de las letras por medio de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=j%2C%C3%B1%2Cx%2Cw%2Ck&amp;amp;year_start=1860&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cj%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%C3%B1%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cx%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cw%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ck%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google N-Gram Viewer&lt;/a&gt; y aquí están.  Se nota un cambio de la orden en los ultimos 50 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/yACzubv.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorUserId="1162" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T17:56:00.777" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T00:27:48.383" Title="¿Hay frases en español que usen todas las letras de una vez?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14993" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:55:38.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Interesante! Alguna vez había jugado a usar todas las vocales en una palabra. Por ejemplo, &quot;murciélago&quot; lo cumple. Sin embargo, este juego no lo conocía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué y encontré una discusión en Wordreference al respecto. &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/una-sola-oraci%C3%B3n-que-tiene-todas-las-letras.328137/#post-1956499&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alguien menciona los siguientes&lt;/a&gt;, que por cierto se hacen llamar &lt;strong&gt;pangramas&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña&#xA;  tocaba el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pingüino Wenceslao hizo kilómetros bajo exhaustiva lluvia y frío,&#xA;  añoraba a su querido cachorro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jovencillo emponzoñado de whisky, qué mala figurota exhibes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exhíbanse politiquillos zafios, con orejas kilométricas y uñas de&#xA;  gavilán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El jefe buscó el éxtasis en un imprevisto baño de whisky y gozó como&#xA;  un duque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joven emponzoñado con el whisky, qué fin te aguarda exhibir. (De un&#xA;  relato policiaco de Esteban Padrós de Palcios, gracias &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12422/%E9%87%8E%E5%8E%9F%E7%84%A1&quot;&gt;野原無&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T05:38:21.867" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14996" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-13T21:20:15.503" Score="0" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused on the difference between &quot;todo lo demás&quot; and &quot;todos los demás&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the literal difference between them and when one should be used instead of the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11011" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T21:38:30.670" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T21:38:30.670" Title="Difference between &quot;Todo lo demás&quot; and &quot;Todos los demás&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-19T20:04:50.903" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14996" CreationDate="2015-10-13T21:30:23.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two phrases &lt;em&gt;todo lo demás&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todo los demás&lt;/em&gt; are the same except one is singular and the other is plural. Just take a look at the two pronouns &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;los&amp;quot; to see the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;todo lo demás --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;all the rest of &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt; (lo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;todo los demás --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;all the rest of &lt;strong&gt;them/those&lt;/strong&gt; (los)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas &lt;strong&gt;las demás&lt;/strong&gt; personas ya salieron. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;All the rest of the people already left. &lt;strong&gt;(plural, persons)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo puedo hacer todo &lt;strong&gt;lo demás&lt;/strong&gt; del trabajo. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;I can do all the rest of the work. &lt;strong&gt;(singular, work)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo puedo lavar todos &lt;strong&gt;los demás&lt;/strong&gt; trastes. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;I can wash all the rest of the dishes. &lt;strong&gt;(plural, dishes)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T21:30:23.853" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:56:56.860" Score="4" ViewCount="3553" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando frases en español que usan palabras que empiezan todas sucesivamente por a, b, c, d... hasta la z.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo es este, sin contar la ñ ni la w :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes, bienintencionadamente, caminaba determinado, estirándome&#xA;  febrilmente, gozando hábilmente, iluminado, jocoso; kilos lacerados&#xA;  menguando, noblemente ocultando partes que, raras, sobraban&#xA;  tenuemente, usando valoraciones xilofónicas ya zanjadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero existen, acaso, frases así, en español, en que además, la longitud de cada palabra sucesiva sea de uno más o bien de uno menos (en número de letras), que la palabra anterior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Editado el 16/10/2015)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decía Jorge Luis Borges que una periodista le había un día preguntado sobre una situación concreta en Hispanoamérica y que, al contestar él que le producía tristeza, aquélla le había instado a precisar; cuando tristeza, decía Jorge Luis, es una de las palabras más definidas de la lengua española.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algún &quot;periodista&quot; de esta casa, en algún comentario, me ha pedido que precise las reglas de este juego. No es necesario.  Cuando se afirma, en correcto español, que: &lt;em&gt;«la longitud de cada palabra sucesiva sea de uno más o bien de uno menos (en número de letras), que la palabra anterior»&lt;/em&gt;, no se ha dicho que la longitud de cada palabra sea uniformemente de uno más que la anterior. La lengua, el español, es en este caso autosuficiente, describe perfectamente bien las condiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copio y pego aquí -pero copio ligero y pego sin ensañarme- el comentario que escribí sobre la sucesión de las longitudes de cada palabra y que la gente, está visto, no se digna a leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sea &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; la longitud en número de letras de la primera palabra. Entonces, la sucesión de las longitudes de las palabras de la frase, será: &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + 1, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + 2, ..., &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; - 1, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; - 2, ..., &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, llegando a una longitud máxima de &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; y decreciendo con pasos de -1 después. Por ejemplo : 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 , 3, 2, 1. En este ejemplo &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; = 3, &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; = 11, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 13 lo que nos da un total de &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; + 1 = 25 palabras (sin la W ni la Ñ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ser l, l + 1, l, l + 1, l, l + 1, ... para cualquier l por determinar. O bien l, l+1, l+2, l+3, l+2, l+1, l+2, l+3, l+4, l+5, l+6, l+5, l+4, l+5, ...&#xA;Hay muchas variedades posibles. O bien l, l+1, l+2, l+1, l, l+1, l+2, ... O bien l, l+1, l+2, l+3, l+2, l+1, l, l+1, l+2, l+3, ... A los que les gusta andar con palabras muy largas, también pueden hacerlo, por supuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-24T11:09:39.793" LastActivityDate="2019-09-24T11:09:39.793" Title="Frases en español que usan palabras que empiezan todas sucesivamente por a, b, c, d, ... hasta la z" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14999" CreationDate="2015-10-14T08:27:35.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Técnicamente, es imposible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría que empezar con palabras de 26 letras e ir disminuyendo. Pero las palabras tan largas en español son muy limitadas, y se restringen a tecnicismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Electroencefalográfico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería necesario encadenar tecnicismos sin intercalar ningún determinante, conjunción, verbo o adjetivo. Gramaticalmente no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T08:27:35.697" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15002" CreationDate="2015-10-14T09:20:40.730" Score="7" ViewCount="5135" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se utiliza con frecuencia la expresión &quot;rule of thumb&quot; para definir &lt;em&gt;un principio o criterio de amplia aplicación que no es necesariamente preciso ni fiable en toda situación&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_thumb&quot;&gt;Wikipedia dixit&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo en la Wikipedia (mismo enlace que antes) que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La traducción literal es “regla del pulgar” y parece tener su origen&#xA;  en la práctica de los antiguos carpinteros, quienes usaban su pulgar&#xA;  en lugar de una regla para realizar mediciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español una frase más aproximada es “a ojo de buen cubero”, que&#xA;  quiere expresar que se realiza una aproximación basada en la&#xA;  experiencia. Otra expresión idiomática común es “regla práctica”,&#xA;  “regla general” o “regla de oro”, es decir, una regla que sirve o se&#xA;  aplica a la mayoría de los casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta especialmente &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot;, pero me pregunto: ¿qué otras expresiones se utilizan para este concepto? ¿es correcto usar el anglicismo hablando en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T14:30:22.253" Title="¿Hay alguna expresión en castellano para &quot;rule of thumb&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2015-10-14T12:28:47.807" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/translation/rule+of+thumb.html&quot;&gt;linguee.com&lt;/a&gt;, lo más típico es traducirlo por &quot;regla general&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It appears that there is a rule of thumb for this purpose.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Parece haber una regla general para este propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sucede tan a menudo en nuestro idioma, expresiones como ésta suelen diferir entre regiones geográficas. Por ejemplo en mi caso, en Chile, jamás había escuchado la frase &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=regla+general%2Cregla+de+oro%2C+norma+general&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cregla%20general%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bregla%20general%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BRegla%20general%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cregla%20de%20oro%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bregla%20de%20oro%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BRegla%20de%20Oro%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BRegla%20de%20oro%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BREGLA%20DE%20ORO%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cnorma%20general%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bnorma%20general%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BNorma%20general%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams&lt;/a&gt;, es más común &quot;regla general&quot; que &quot;norma general&quot; o &quot;regla de oro&quot; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Es importante señalar que ese Ngrams no aplica totalmente a esta discusión, pues incluirá todas las apariciones de esas frases, las que no siempre querrán decir lo mismo que la frase inglesa que nos ocupa en esta pregunta.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T12:37:29.623" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T12:37:29.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14999" CreationDate="2015-10-14T17:20:13.627" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estas frases se llaman &quot;abecegramas&quot;. Encontré un sitio de web acerca de estas frases: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juegosdepalabras.com/abc/abecegrama.htm&quot;&gt;http://www.juegosdepalabras.com/abc/abecegrama.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo (con ñ y w): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anoche brillaron cerca, dos estrellas fugaces, gravitaban&#xA;  hermosas iluminando juntas Kilométricos lugares; llevaban mágicos&#xA;  negros ñublos; originaban planetas que relucían surcando tenues&#xA;  universos,...vertiendo wolframio, xenón y zafiros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que no hay abecegramas que sigan tu regla de longitud. No existen palabras de 27 letras (o de 26 sin ñ) que empiecen con una z. También, sería difícil encontrar palabras bastante largas que empiecen con una a, b, c, etc, y casi imposible crear una frase coherente con esas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T17:28:09.170" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T17:28:09.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15018" CreationDate="2015-10-14T17:57:10.917" Score="3" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy pensando en poner &quot;actualización&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contexto: un oficio al cliente acerca de un trámite legal de papeles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:36:20.907" Title="Traducción de &quot;update&quot; o &quot;status&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15006" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-14T18:09:12.883" Score="3" ViewCount="860" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito un eufemismo para &lt;em&gt;cárcel&lt;/em&gt;.  En inglés se usa &lt;em&gt;facility&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que se prefiere usar un eufemismo para no ofender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T12:36:47.443" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T18:46:54.570" Title="traducir &quot;facility&quot; (eufemismo para &quot;cárcel&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2015-10-14T18:12:43.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si imagino que estoy dando un &lt;em&gt;rule of thumb&lt;/em&gt; a alguien, creo que diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te voy a dar &lt;em&gt;una regla básica&lt;/em&gt; que te puede servir en estos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te voy a dar &lt;em&gt;un tip&lt;/em&gt; que te será útil para estos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T19:54:10.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15006" CreationDate="2015-10-14T18:19:43.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes probar con &lt;code&gt;penitenciario&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;centro penitenciario&lt;/code&gt;. Del &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=wUru9WAqZDXX2mnb58KE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE &quot;penitenciaría&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Establecimiento penitenciario en que sufren condenas los penados, sujetos a un régimen que, haciéndoles expiar sus delitos, va orientado a su enmienda y mejora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O podrías in incluso con &lt;code&gt;Centros de readaptación (o reinserción) social&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;correccional&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;Institución correccional&lt;/code&gt; (aunque estas dos últimas suenan más a centro de menores que a prisión de adultos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T18:19:43.787" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2015-10-14T18:28:42.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por norma general&quot; también se usa bastante en España, o &quot;como regla general&quot;. El uso del anglicismo no es común y puede sonar extraño a la mayoría de los hablantes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot; yo la traduciria como &quot;aproximadamente&quot; y se suele aplicar a medidas, cantidades, etc. Por ejemplo cuando haces una receta y echas los ingredientes &quot;a ojo de buen cubero&quot;, los echas sin pesarlos o medirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11017" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T18:28:42.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15011" CreationDate="2015-10-14T20:59:16.047" Score="11" ViewCount="12357" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto &lt;em&gt;bienvenid@s&lt;/em&gt; con una &lt;em&gt;@&lt;/em&gt; para significar &lt;em&gt;bienvenidos/bienvenidas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi estoy seguro que he visto otras palabras también en cuales meten &lt;em&gt;@&lt;/em&gt; para significar masculino/femenino, pero no puedo recordarlas ahorita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto/aceptable hacer eso, o es solo algo que la gente usa aunque no es correcto gramaticalmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-12T05:23:24.173" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T05:23:24.173" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;@&quot; para significar femenino/masculino?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15010" CreationDate="2015-10-14T21:17:02.103" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE dijo que no es correcto usar &quot;@&quot; para indicar los dos géneros de una palabra porque el símbolo no es una letra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.europapress.es/cultura/exposiciones-00131/noticia-rae-recuerda-no-correcto-utilizar-incluir-masculino-femenino-no-letra-20131212182810.html&quot;&gt;http://www.europapress.es/cultura/exposiciones-00131/noticia-rae-recuerda-no-correcto-utilizar-incluir-masculino-femenino-no-letra-20131212182810.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T21:22:43.003" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T21:22:43.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15006" CreationDate="2015-10-14T23:55:55.423" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los siguientes son de uso habitual en Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centro de detención&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centro de cumplimiento penitenciario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centro de reinserción social&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y los siguientes no creo que &amp;quot;suavicen&amp;quot; la carga negativa de la palabra, pero se usan para evitar decirla directamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Penitenciaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reclusorio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Penal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T23:55:55.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14981" CreationDate="2015-10-15T01:37:12.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple answer (you can refine this later, when you are farther along):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're &lt;em&gt;describing a scene or state of being&lt;/em&gt;, you use a &lt;strong&gt;descriptive&lt;/strong&gt; past tense (estaba, era).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba en el patio leyendo el periódico cuando empezó a llover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about something &lt;em&gt;completed&lt;/em&gt;, you use the &lt;strong&gt;preterite&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya leí ese periódico, lo puedes reciclar si quieres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, your idea of &quot;estuve furiosa&quot; doesn't work, in practice, because being furious is a state of being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T01:37:12.163" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15006" CreationDate="2015-10-15T06:38:29.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del contexto, tal vez puedas ahorrarte los calificativos que aparecen en las propuestas de las otras respuestas y escribir, simplemente, &lt;em&gt;centro&lt;/em&gt;. Ese contexto ya debería indicar claramente a qué tipo de centro te refieres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por si te sirve de ayuda, en España es habitual llamar &lt;em&gt;internos&lt;/em&gt; a los presos cuando el contexto deja claro a qué te estás refiriendo. Ya sé que preguntas por el lugar, no por las personas que hay en él, pero a lo mejor te vale para algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T06:38:29.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15035" CreationDate="2015-10-15T09:40:59.993" Score="4" ViewCount="21407" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/15014/1674&quot;&gt;una respuesta de Gorpik&lt;/a&gt; cuando, comentándola, pensé en la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;a secas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &quot;a secas&quot; nos referimos a &quot;solamente&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llamo Juan Palomo, pero puedes llamarme Juan a secas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también usamos &quot;a palo seco&quot; para mencionar algo hecho (o normalmente bebido) solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan se bebe el whisky a palo seco. ¡Ni siquiera le pone hielo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me pregunto: ¿es este referirse a &quot;seco&quot; como algo &quot;solo&quot; algo idiomático? ¿cuál sería su origen? Y... ¿se usa en España a secas o en algún lugar más? : )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T18:50:10.893" Title="&quot;a secas&quot; o &quot;a palo seco&quot; para referirse a &quot;solo&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-15T10:09:22.423" Score="3" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to say the following question in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today we will work wherever we want to, with our tasks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it can be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trabajamos donde queramos con nuestras tareas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a correct way to phrase what I want to say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11025" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T10:49:47.197" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T13:12:04.307" Title="How to say &quot;today we will work wherever we want to, with our tasks&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15016" CreationDate="2015-10-15T12:38:19.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to conjugate the verb (&lt;em&gt;we will work&lt;/em&gt;) in the future tense:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;strong&gt;trabajaremos&lt;/strong&gt; donde queramos con nuestras tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;strong&gt;vamos a trabajar&lt;/strong&gt; donde queramos con nuestras tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being strict should replace &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajaremos donde queramos &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; nuestras tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EuPaWdO&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; preposition indicates occupation. &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A5cH5M4&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Con&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; not have that function, although any Spanish speaker would understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T13:12:04.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15005" CreationDate="2015-10-15T17:10:33.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bajo el contexto que comentas, ya fuese un correo electrónico, un sello o un sistema informático, yo te aconsejaría que utilizaras algo como: &lt;strong&gt;Estado del oficio Nº [número] - [Aprobado/Recibido/En curso/Denegado]&lt;/strong&gt;. Luego donde creas conveniente, podrías especificar la fecha de ese estado como: &lt;strong&gt;Última actualización : [fecha de hoy]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuese un proceso manual y no informático en donde estés haciendo uso de un sello o escritura a mano podrías simplemente omitir &lt;strong&gt;Estado del oficio&lt;/strong&gt; y escribir el estado actual del oficio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En proceso / Recibido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notario Juan Perez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Código de notario]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Fecha de hoy]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T20:10:52.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15005" CreationDate="2015-10-15T18:36:49.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si estás preguntando acerca de cual es el estatus de algo como es común en ingles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the update/status for this task/process/activity?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si a esto te refieres, podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cual es el estado actual/ultima actualizacion de la tarea/actividad/proceso, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es necesario conocer un poco mas del contexto para dar una respuesta mas apropiada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11029" LastEditorUserId="5294" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T21:17:34.197" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T21:17:34.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-15T18:47:42.837" Score="3" ViewCount="31732" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito mandar un email en inglés pero necesito saber cómo puedo decir de una forma más profesional &quot;Espero que se encuentre bien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya traté:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope you are ok &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero eso no me parece muy profesional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11030" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T20:10:56.067" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T04:27:59.397" Title="¿Cómo puedo decir apropiadamente en inglés &quot;espero que se encuentre bien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2019-07-26T13:49:15.013" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15006" CreationDate="2015-10-15T19:54:55.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se usa un eufemismo para &lt;strong&gt;carcel&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;em&gt;Modelar&lt;/em&gt;,  esto en virtud a que la carcel mas grande de Bogota y Colombia es la Penitenciaria Central Modelo.  Entonces &lt;em&gt;le toco ir a modelar&lt;/em&gt; es el eufemismo para decir que fue a la carcel.  Con certeza entre los malandros existen muchos,  pero dado que no conozco ni cohabito con este tipo de personas,  no los conozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T19:54:55.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15025" CreationDate="2015-10-15T20:16:52.527" Score="3" ViewCount="3500" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of Peru's national motto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Firme y feliz por la unión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My literal translation is &quot;Firm and happy for the union&quot; but that seems too literal. What is &quot;la unión&quot; and can &quot;Firme y feliz&quot; be translated in a less literal sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11031" LastEditorUserId="11031" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T20:23:03.497" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T20:23:03.497" Title="What is the meaning of Peru's motto &quot;Firme y feliz por la unión&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15020" CreationDate="2015-10-15T20:28:05.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende de la persona a la que les escribas. Lo que has traducido esta bien, sólo que en vez de OK diría fine o well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you are fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you are well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si es un tema de salud podrías decir &lt;strong&gt;I hope you are feeling alright/well/better&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la carta será dirigida a alguien y que cuando la reciba esté bien en todo aspecto puedes decir &lt;strong&gt;I hope this email finds you in good health&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en realidad en Norte América (Canadá/USA) no hay mucha introducción, pues les gusta ir al grano y no son como los hispanos que nos gusta parafrasear cartas o correos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que podrías empezar &lt;strong&gt;I'm writing you this letter in reply to your letter... blah blah&lt;/strong&gt;, si es en respuesta a una carta/correo previa(o)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O simplemente &lt;strong&gt;I'm writing you this ...[give reasons=dar razones]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para terminar tu carta o correo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sincerely&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Sincerely yours&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Best regards&lt;/strong&gt;. Este último es un poco menos formal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T20:28:05.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15020" CreationDate="2015-10-15T20:29:07.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope you are well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Best regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o simplemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sincerely&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11032" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T21:13:15.213" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T21:13:15.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15022" CreationDate="2015-10-15T21:05:15.113" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in fact in English would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Steady and happy for the union&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; just simple as that. I don't like &lt;strong&gt;steady&lt;/strong&gt; because I would prefer &lt;strong&gt;strong&lt;/strong&gt; instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That motto has a historical meaning while Peru was a Spanish colonial administrative district known as Viceroyalty. Peruvians got their independency from Spain in 1821 and some years later (1825) Government started to coin that motto on Peruvian currency. Authorities were working to join all the departments of the country to become one and stronger. They wanted to become one also with Bolivia but it didn't happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shamefully it didn't last so much. Government replaced the motto by &quot;Banco Central de reserva del Perú&quot; (Central Reserve Bank of Peru) from the currency and practically lost visibility. That decision made that many Peruvians don't know that motto of their own country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="8972" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T21:12:04.507" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T21:12:04.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15027" CreationDate="2015-10-15T22:15:28.923" Score="12" ViewCount="31377" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés para referirse a algo que no tiene nombre o que no se sabe cómo decirlo, tenemos varias palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;thing&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;What is that &lt;strong&gt;thing&lt;/strong&gt; on the wall?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;thingy&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;How does this &lt;strong&gt;thingy&lt;/strong&gt; work?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;thingamajig&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Please give me that &lt;strong&gt;thingamajig&lt;/strong&gt; over there.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;whatchamacallit&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Then the, uh, &lt;strong&gt;whatchamacallit&lt;/strong&gt; broke and I couldn't use it anymore.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;doohickey&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;First, you fasten this &lt;strong&gt;doohickey&lt;/strong&gt; to the frame...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algunas palabras así en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T13:27:31.430" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T21:20:10.830" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra para algo que no se sabe cómo decir?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2015-10-15T23:28:51.287" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay frases como &lt;em&gt;lo que sea/fuera/fuese/fuere&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no sé qué no sé cuánto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cómo se dice/cómo se llama&lt;/em&gt;.  A veces estas se escriben escritas, sobre todo cuando se sustantivan, en una palabra, a pesar de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/no-se-que-noseque/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recomendación&lt;/a&gt; de Fondéu: un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=cEHWAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA42&amp;amp;dq=%22nosequ%C3%A9%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj7-vyOpMPUAhXIWSYKHZNLCJMQ6AEIZzAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22nosequ%C3%A9%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nosequé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, un tal &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=K2P_maeJYzYC&amp;amp;pg=PA39&amp;amp;dq=%22comosellama%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiT6MjipMPUAhUK7SYKHb6VCy0Q6AEINTAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22comosellama%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómosellama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero quizás lo más común —y, de hecho, panhispánico— sería &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt; y sus diminutivos como &lt;em&gt;cosita/cosiña/cosilla&lt;/em&gt; etc según región, sobre todo con demostrativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para variantes con límite geográfico, tenemos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; (España y Méjico, quizás otros)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;artilugio&lt;/em&gt; (España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacharro&lt;/em&gt; (España) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;chunche&lt;/em&gt; (Méjico y Centroamérica)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vaina&lt;/em&gt; (Colombia y Caribe, quizás Centroamérica)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;coso&lt;/em&gt; (Colombia, Argentina, y otros)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pituto&lt;/em&gt; (Argentina y Chile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;chirimbolo&lt;/em&gt; (Argentina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cusifai&lt;/em&gt; (Argentina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;huarifaifa&lt;/em&gt; (Chile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pendorcho&lt;/em&gt; (Argentina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos estos términos, igual con &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;, se usan con frecuencia con algún demostrativo antes o después, o en forma diminutiva: &lt;em&gt;el coso ese&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la cosa aquella&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la vainita&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ese chirimbolo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T21:20:10.830" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T21:20:10.830" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14891" CreationDate="2015-10-16T01:17:03.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conozco la mayoría de los acentos usados en México y te puedo decir que nadie habla así en el país, mas bien parece ser un acento inventado por las personas de doblaje, que mezcla cosas de los rednecks americanos con un poco (pero MUY poco) de los campesinos mexicanos de algunas zonas de México, nadie en todo el país habla remotamente cercano a eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T01:17:03.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15020" CreationDate="2015-10-16T04:27:59.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope this finds you well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope this message finds you well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es la traducción literal también.  Y también se lo usa en ambientes profesionales escritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T04:27:59.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15010" CreationDate="2015-10-16T07:00:20.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tree House dijo y no mal dijo :&quot;&quot;La RAE dijo que no es correcto usar &quot;@&quot; para indicar los dos géneros de una palabra porque el símbolo no es una letra.&quot;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy muy de acuerdo, en este caso, con la RAE. Veo peligroso que se empiecen a adoptar formas o símbolos cortos derivados de Internet para expresar cosas tan importantes como el género masculino o femenino. Las lenguas son formas complejas , con mucho poso y tiempo, que han de resistir a la tentación de lo inmediato, que es, por desgracia, el tipo de comunicación mediocre y parcial que ofrece el nuevo pardigma -que habría que empezar a criticar con dureza- de la comunicación entre humanos por medio de máquinas ordenadoras electrónicas binarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de intrusión de nuevos símbolos, que yo considero intempestivo, es el uso de los emoticones, para expresar nuestras emociones.Yo me he negado siempre a utilizarlos en Internet y siempre he reprochado a gente con inquietudes literarias, en español o en francés, que los utilizaran. Uno imagina muy mal a Cervantes, poniendo un triste y abusivo emoticon de sonrisa al final de la frase que dirige a Sancho : &quot;Come poco y cena más poco, que la salud de todo el cuerpo se forja en las oficinas del estómago&quot;, una de las noches en que precisamente no tenían ni para cenar en buenas condiciones. ¿ Debí yo de haber puesto un emoticon de sonrisa después de : &quot;Tree House dijo y no mal dijo&quot; ?  Hemos de ser capaces de escribirlo todo con las 26 o 27 letras del abecedario; como siempre ha sido, y si ello es preciso, con algún neologismo fundamentado, bien construido y bien equilibrado.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="10964" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T08:29:15.837" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T08:29:15.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19094" CreationDate="2015-10-16T11:57:43.467" Score="7" ViewCount="36863" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa mucho la expresión &quot;tener una flor en el culo&quot; para designar que alguien tiene suerte. Contiene &quot;culo&quot; pero no por ello se usa solamente en jerga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese portero tiene una flor en el culo: en los penalties siempre&#xA;  acierta adónde irá el balón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando y no encuentro el origen de esta expresión. Lo que sí veo es &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/tener-una-flor-en-el-culo.96377/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una referencia&lt;/a&gt; a que, en Argentina, &quot;tener un terrible culo&quot; significa también &quot;tener una terrible suerte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta es: ¿cuál es el origen de esta expresión? ¿es por algún motivo que &quot;culo&quot; se asocia a &quot;suerte&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T04:39:58.500" Title="¿Origen de &quot;tener una flor en el culo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2015-10-16T14:27:56.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi aparte de los descritos por guifa &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/15027/5481&quot;&gt;en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; se me ocurren &lt;code&gt;movida&lt;/code&gt; e &lt;code&gt;historia&lt;/code&gt; como comodines para una situación que no sabes cómo describir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cómo te ha ido con la movida/historia esa que tenías en el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo en una clase de bachillerato estar mirando células en el microscopio y un compañero preguntó si esas &quot;movidas&quot; estaban vivas o muertas, aunque ese tipo de uso es mucho menos frecuente que para referirse a &quot;asunto&quot; (especialmente problemático).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;whachamacallit&lt;/code&gt; podría traducirse como &quot;comosellame&quot;, &quot;comosediga` o similar (quizás incluso un &quot;loquesea&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pásame el &lt;em&gt;como-se-llame&lt;/em&gt; ese de ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T14:27:56.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14973" CreationDate="2015-10-16T18:30:08.937" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México verás huevos de &lt;strong&gt;libre pastoreo&lt;/strong&gt; y de &lt;strong&gt;gallina libre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véanse &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.airesdecampo.com/nuestros-productos/abarrotes/huevo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.airesdecampo.com/nuestros-productos/abarrotes/huevo/&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://bachoco.com.mx/productos/huevoblancogallinalibre/99-huevo-blanco-gallina-libre-cage-free&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bachoco.com.mx/productos/huevoblancogallinalibre/99-huevo-blanco-gallina-libre-cage-free&lt;/a&gt; respectivamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T18:30:08.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15015" CreationDate="2015-10-16T18:50:10.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;strong&gt;a secas&lt;/strong&gt; no es una rareza ni mucho menos. Está en el Quijote varias veces (cerca del año 1600). Este fragmento es del último capítulo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...en tanto que don Quijote fue Alonso Quijano el Bueno, a secas, y en tanto que fue don Quijote de la Mancha, fue siempre de apacible condición y de agradable trato...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más atrás que pude encontrarlo con un &quot;googleo&quot; simple es en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=EFLUGIDRsgIC&amp;amp;pg=PT43&amp;amp;dq=a%20secas&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=a%20secas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;manual de veterinaria de 1507&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...no deve dar el cavallero las espuelas mucho a secas en el principio que le haze perder el coraçon...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que la expresión (un &lt;em&gt;adverbio&lt;/em&gt;, creo) no proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;siccare&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;secar&quot;, sino de &lt;em&gt;secare&lt;/em&gt; que significa &lt;strong&gt;&quot;cortar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, palabra de la que derivan &lt;em&gt;segar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sector&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho si escribes &quot;ad secas&quot; en el traductor de Google de latín a español, te propone &quot;para cortar&quot;. Siguiendo esta idea, el significado original de &lt;em&gt;a secas&lt;/em&gt; estaría más cerca de &quot;tajante&quot;, o &quot;cortante&quot; que de otros posibles sentidos metafóricos relativos a la &quot;sequedad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T18:50:10.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14989" CreationDate="2015-10-16T19:48:32.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La respuesta es simple; &lt;strong&gt;mami&lt;/strong&gt;, es el diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt;, ya que siempre los diminutivos en el español terminan con la letra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y no &quot;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;em&gt;(ye)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con respecto a: &lt;strong&gt;Uruguay&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Paraguay&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Rey&lt;/strong&gt;, son palabras que están echas en español antiguo, donde la letra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, era utilizada como lo es utilizada hoy la letra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;sexy&lt;/em&gt;, es un anglicismo, (derivado del ingles), es uno de esos casos que permanece la palabra tal cual como se escribe en su idioma de origen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T20:08:40.917" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:08:40.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14977" CreationDate="2015-10-16T19:55:29.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 -&lt;/strong&gt; Simple, &lt;strong&gt;volado&lt;/strong&gt;, hace referencia a &quot;perder el juicio&quot; como que la razón se le salio volando de su cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 -&lt;/strong&gt; Simplemente puede ser como la frase &quot;estás en las nubes&quot; no estás en la misma sintonia, no nos comprendes, estás en lo tuyo, por los aires, sin control, en las nubes o en la luna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T20:11:55.563" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:11:55.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14961" CreationDate="2015-10-16T19:57:50.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;Pareja&lt;/strong&gt; es por decirlo de una forma, &lt;em&gt;&quot;femenina&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, por lo cual siempre va con &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay excepciones a la regla, pero no para está palabra justamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T20:02:25.080" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:02:25.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14959" CreationDate="2015-10-16T20:04:55.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, en Argentina, no se utiliza una expresión como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;voy a visitar a Los Gonzalez&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay gente que la usa, en determinados casos, pero no es muy usual, en general, se dice a la casa de quien vas a ir, señalando a un miembro de la familia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy a visitar a Matias&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy a casa de Gonzalez&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy a casa de Marta, una compañera del laburo&quot;...&lt;/em&gt; (trabajo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy a la casa, de esta gente&quot;...&lt;/em&gt; (En caso de que el que oye, sabe de quiénes hablas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T19:55:52.003" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:55:52.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14929" CreationDate="2015-10-16T20:15:38.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;em&gt;&quot;Pedro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;lo espero a él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;em&gt;&quot;Marta&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;lo espero a él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 - &lt;em&gt;&quot;El perro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;lo espero a él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;el&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?, él is a masculine person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;él is no nessesary, but, is gramaticaly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T20:00:02.393" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:00:02.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14920" CreationDate="2015-10-16T20:21:38.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Solo si vives en Argentina seria correcto en el habla:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Tene cuidado&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En la escritura se sería correcta la forma:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ten cuidado&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No sería correcta la forma:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ten cuido&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de Argentina se utiliza el &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;, es una forma antigua de hablar español que perduró en el habla argentina. Tenia que ver con las formalidades de la epoca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voseo español:&lt;/strong&gt; Este tipo de voseo era la fórmula de cortesía empleada en la Edad Media en España y equivaldría al uso de usted en la actualidad. Actualmente solo se puede encontrar en novelas históricas, películas, etc. Se forma utilizando el pronombre vos + verbo en la segunda persona del plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/pronombres-y-determinantes/voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pronombres determinantes &quot;Voseo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T20:12:53.203" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T20:12:53.203" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14891" CreationDate="2015-10-16T21:08:42.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que es una versión absurdamente exagerada del &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun_English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cajun English&lt;/a&gt;, uno de los dialectos sureños de Estados Unidos asociado a las zonas pantanosas de Louisiana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si estos ejemplos sean &quot;reales&quot;, pero se nota cierta similitud: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6NteKbbCN0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Swamp People&lt;/a&gt; y la luciérnaga Raymond en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2vOEZEYdIs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La Princesa y el Sapo&lt;/a&gt; de Disney&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T21:08:42.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14848" CreationDate="2015-10-16T21:28:53.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es muy simple, es por el mero hecho de como se pronuncian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde las palabras llevan el acento (Que en realidad se llaman tilde), suenan más fuerte, o con especial énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que tontería...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo ahí el &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, no tiene especial énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué decís?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esté &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; sí se pronuncia más fuerte en la e, al hacer una pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Que te calles!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en esté ultimo son los signos de exclamación los que determinan el énfasis, en esté caso, es toda la frase la que se dice con énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T19:53:02.167" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:53:02.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14846" CreationDate="2015-10-16T21:32:40.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;confiamos&lt;/em&gt; aquí significa &quot;creemos con confianza que le ofrecimos un buen servicio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Denota que están satisfechos y orgullosos del servicio que te ofrecieron, pero a la vez también da la posibilidad de que no estés de acuerdo con ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T21:57:59.640" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T21:57:59.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2015-10-16T21:48:19.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Papichulo:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente en el uso vulgar de la lengua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Papi:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hace referencia a una persona, del sexo masculino, utilizado por las&#xA;  mujeres para referirse de forma cariñosa a su pareja, novio, amante, o platónico (amor imposible).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chulo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hace referencia a la moda, una persona chula, es quién se viste a la&#xA;  moda, o tiene mucho estilo (Cool en ingles), que tiene facha, buena&#xA;  pinta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España es sinónimo de algo genial, que gusta mucho. una palabra similar es &lt;strong&gt;Mola&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por lo tanto, Papichulo:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la unión de esas dos palabras, papi, y chulo, dicho de una chica, al, chico que le gusta, amante, pareja, etc. Y a la vez tiene el plus, que al decirle papichulo le dice que es lindo, bien vestido, y que está &lt;em&gt;&quot;en la onda&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-18T12:29:11.097" LastActivityDate="2015-10-18T12:29:11.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15032" CreationDate="2015-10-16T23:18:33.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tener una flor en el culo&quot; se usa para describir que una persona tiene suerte, como bien dices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión usa &quot;culo&quot; (tal como sugiere el autor de este &lt;a href=&quot;http://hombrerefranero.blogspot.com.es/2011/06/tener-una-flor-en-el-culo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt;, el mismo que añade Diego en los comentarios) para sugerir que la suerte que está encontrando esta persona es tan desmedida, tan fuera de lo normal (de lo estadísticamente normal), que hasta donde todos encuentran normal (figurativamente) que haya excrementos esta persona encuentra flores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, donde otros ya dan por perdida una situación (los penalties &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; acaban en gol), dan por hecho un fracaso (es &lt;em&gt;imposible&lt;/em&gt; que un portero pare un penalti), esa persona continua teniendo éxito, sigue encontrando fortuna. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se presupone que en la situación existe una cierta dosis de azar, y que el talento personal no basta para explicar el éxito de esa persona. Aunque ya sabemos que azar a veces son 'leyes que desconocemos', pero que quizás la intuición u otras habilidades humanas consiguen veladamente comprender, ni que sea por un tiempo breve (de inspiración). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un dicho popular. Desconozco el origen, y es &lt;em&gt;imposible&lt;/em&gt; averiguar de donde proviene. Una persona con la flor en el culo quizás lo &lt;em&gt;adivinaría&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T09:15:43.730" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T09:15:43.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14846" CreationDate="2015-10-16T23:36:35.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos frases tienen el mismo significado. Pero a veces se usa &quot;confiamos ...&quot; frente a &quot;esperamos...&quot;, porque &quot;esperamos...&quot; tiene una doble acepción, una de las cuales falsearía el mensaje que se pretende comunicar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás la sobrecargo del vuelo es de origen catalán, donde se ve un poco más claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta doble acepción de &quot;esperamos&quot; es la de &quot;es de esperar&quot;, y sugiere que la persona que emite la frase, en el caso de ejemplo la sobrecargo de vuelo, &quot;espera&quot; de los pasajeros que hagan una valoración favorable del servicio prestado. La implicación es como en &quot;no espero menos de ustedes&quot;, o en &quot;no me fallen!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la segunda acepción de &quot;esperamos&quot;, en caso de valoración negativa del servicio, se traslada la culpa a los pasajeros. O puede entenderse así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la sobrecargo dice &quot;esperamos haberles ofrecido un buen servicio&quot; todos la entenderán, muy probablemente, igual que si dice &quot;confíamos haberles ofrecido un buen servicio&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en la mente del que lo pronuncia, especialmente quien quiere hacer sentir a sus clientes como que han sido tratados como reyes, que se sientan mimados, prefieren evitar susceptibilidades con la doble acepción de &quot;esperamos&quot; (de ustedes que sepan valorar lo recibido). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un poco extremo, pero es casi subconsciente. Quien quiere &quot;servir&quot; intenta evitar &quot;disgustos&quot; donde quiera que el otro pueda encontrarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al elegir la forma &quot;confiamos haberles ofrecido un buen servicio&quot; la sobrecargo hace dos cosas: evita que el pasajero se sienta empujado (se espera de él) a dar una valoración positiva; y reconoce el poder del usuario a la hora de valorar el servicio ofrecido, transmitiéndole, al reconocerlo, que ha estado obrando para satisfacerle, es decir, con espíritu de servicio (no con espíritu de &quot;y ahora que ya les hemos ofrecido tantas cosas, espero de ustedes que digan que les ha gustado ... vamos, es lo mínimo!&quot;). (por exagerar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T23:36:35.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15006" CreationDate="2015-10-17T02:40:21.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Podrían ser:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Penal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reformatorio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;correccional&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;presidio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;penitenciaría&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T19:38:57.740" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:38:57.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15005" CreationDate="2015-10-17T06:07:20.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Status:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 - Estatus:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(From English Status, and this Lat. Status, state, condition).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Position a person occupies in society or in a social group.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Relative position of something within a certain framework. The status of a concept within a theory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=estatus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de &quot;Estatus&quot;, en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Synonymous of &lt;strong&gt;hierarchy&lt;/strong&gt;, in Latin would be: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;status quo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 - Estado:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=pC94RxX11DXX2RnEnFA1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de &quot;Estado&quot;, en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Update:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 - Actualizar:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Make today something, give today.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Updating data, standards, prices, rents, wages, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Put into action, performing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Get the current value of a future payment or income.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Make abstract or virtual linguistic elements become concrete and individual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?fw=actualizar&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de &quot;Actualizar&quot;, en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 - Mejorar:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Overtaking, increase something by passing to a better state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Get better, to regain lost health.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In a tenderer: Increase the price put something offered for sale, auction, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Leave improvement testament to one or more of the heirs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Go recovering lost, restored health.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;This time: Put more favorable or benign.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Put in place or advantageous degree in respect of which previously had.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=mejorar&amp;amp;m=form&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de &quot;Mejorar&quot;, en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:36:20.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15059" CreationDate="2015-10-17T14:51:33.900" Score="3" ViewCount="748" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alguien que &quot;marches to the beat of a different drummer&quot; es alguien que hace cosas en una forma no normal, no convencional. ¿Hay alguna expresión similar en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary tiene una traducción literal, pero no la confío: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/march_to_the_beat_of_a_different_drum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;March to the beat of a different drum&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone who &quot;marches to the beat of a different drummer&quot; is someone who does things in abnormal, unconventional ways.  Is there a similar expression in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary provides a literal translation, but I don't trust it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/march_to_the_beat_of_a_different_drum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;March to the beat of a different drum&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="9309" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T00:56:56.463" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T00:56:56.463" Title="¿Cómo se traduce el dicho &quot;march to a different drummer&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15055" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-17T17:59:02.570" Score="3" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say in Spanish &quot;to make a foreign word sound Spanish&quot;. The equivalent of &quot;to anglicize&quot; but for Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11043" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T22:56:31.437" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T23:17:54.233" Title="Spanish equivalent of &quot;anglicanizar&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15055" CreationDate="2015-10-17T19:12:12.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;to make a foreign word sound Spanish&quot;, we use &quot;españolizar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GUtvDOh&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;españolizar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dar carácter español a algo o a alguien. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Dar forma española a un vocablo o expresión de otro idioma.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T23:17:54.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T23:17:54.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15054" CreationDate="2015-10-17T19:33:36.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente yo no he usado ni oído la traducción que en wiktionary se sugiere.&#xA;Lo que sí solemos decir es &quot;hace las cosas a su manera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una expresión con un significado distinto pero que tiene cierta similitud a &quot;march to a different drummer&quot; es &quot;esto ya es otra canción&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="1527" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T19:40:38.063" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T19:40:38.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15058" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-17T22:55:45.283" Score="2" ViewCount="1582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba hablando sobre un bebé y me dijeron &quot;hoy se ha portado&quot;, queriendo decir que &quot;hoy se ha portado &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE (con nueva web, por cierto) lo refleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=portar&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;portar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. portāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Tener una actuación especialmente buena en una determinada situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta omisión del &quot;bien&quot; dando por descontado que &quot;portarse&quot; a secas tiene una connotación positiva me llevó a pensar: ¿qué nombre recibe este comportamiento lingüístico de la palabra? ¿qué es en sí el hecho de que un verbo sin un calificativo tenga una connotación determinada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observo que no ocurre en otros verbos: con &quot;estar&quot;, por ejemplo, si alguien te pregunta cómo estás, contestar &quot;estoy&quot; no tiene una connotación positiva per se (lo mismo es un poco negativa y todo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T11:15:03.500" Title="¿Es &quot;portarse&quot; (a secas) lo mismo que &quot;portarse bien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15054" CreationDate="2015-10-17T23:02:22.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I didn't know this English expression, so I am first writing down the explanation I found of it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/march+to+a+different+drummer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;march to (the beat of) a different drummer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fig. to believe in a different set of principles. &lt;em&gt;John is marching to&#xA;  a different drummer, and he doesn't associate with us anymore.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, this sounds like something I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir a lo suyo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, more often but in an informal context -at least in Spain-:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir a su bola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a nice, idiomatic way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer de su capa un sayo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is explained as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;obrar alguien según su propio albedrío y con libertad en cosas o&#xA;  asuntos que a él sólo pertenecen o atañen”, según leemos en Del Hecho&#xA;  al Dicho, de Gregorio Doval (Ediciones del Prado, 1995)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and more info in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estandarte.com/noticias/idioma-espanol/que-significa-hacer-de-tu-capa-un-sayo_1435.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;¿Qué significa hacer de tu capa un sayo?&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T23:02:22.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15061" CreationDate="2015-10-17T23:56:04.760" Score="1" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference between &quot;mítad&quot; and &quot;mitad&quot; as the Spanish word for &quot;half&quot; in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen it written with both the &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;í&lt;/code&gt; (with an accent) and was  curious what the difference was, if any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see this from time to time on Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Volar a Nigeria y en &lt;strong&gt;mítad&lt;/strong&gt; del camino sobrevolar este punto tiene su&#xA;  cosa... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mítad&lt;/strong&gt; de semana y con mucha energía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11047" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T07:54:30.327" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:48:01.683" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;mítad&quot; and &quot;mitad&quot; as the Spanish word for &quot;half&quot; in English?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15060" CreationDate="2015-10-18T00:05:16.903" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, &lt;code&gt;mítad&lt;/code&gt; does not exist as a word. It must be an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronunciation of the word &quot;mitad&quot; is done by stressing the &quot;a&quot;. Thus, adding an accent to the &quot;i&quot; would make it sound differently, like a different word. And I have never heard this, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=mitad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neither does the DRAE&lt;/a&gt; mention another possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think this is a mere typo that someone did when writing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15060/is-there-a-difference-between-m%C3%ADtad-and-mitad-as-the-spanish-word-for-half/15061?noredirect=1#comment17328_15061&quot;&gt;Your comment&lt;/a&gt; mentions two sentences where you saw the word written this way. One of them I could find in Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Volar a Nigeria y en mítad del camino sobrevolar este punto tiene su&#xA;  cosa... &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/fjlopezm/status/503657122878734336&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source in Twitter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user says &quot;mítad del camino&quot;, meaning &quot;half way&quot;. But, as I said above, this word does not have an accent, so it is only the user who made a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-18T20:45:53.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15070" CreationDate="2015-10-18T00:27:20.483" Score="3" ViewCount="1224" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia usamos &quot;caramba&quot; para indicar sorpresa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Caramba! El Barça ha metido cinco goles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el DRAE veo distintas acepciones para la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=caramba&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caramba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. eufem. U. para expresar extrañeza o enfado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caramba&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por alus. a la Caramba, sobrenombre de María Antonia Fernández,&#xA;  tonadillera española del siglo XVIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Moña que llevaban las mujeres sobre la cofia, a fines del siglo XVIII.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caramba&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá de carángano, infl. por caramba1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hond. quijongo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ninguna encaja exactamente con esa sorpresa. Asumiendo que esa significación se da -al menos en España-, ¿con qué acepción y/o con qué origen podríamos asociarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T06:33:31.397" Title="¿Por qué &quot;caramba&quot; indica sorpresa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15062" CreationDate="2015-10-18T01:33:39.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente provenga de la canción &lt;strong&gt;un señorito muy petimetre&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Un señorito muy petimetre&#xA;Se entró en mi casa cierta mañana&#xA;Y así me dijo al primer envite:&#xA;“Oiga usted: ¿quiere ser mi pareja?”&#xA;Yo le respondí con mi sonete,&#xA;Con ni canto, ni baile y soflama:&#xA;¡Que chusco es usted, señorito!&#xA;Usted quiere… ¡Caramba! ¡Caramba!&#xA;¡Que si quieres, quieres, ea!&#xA;Vaya, vaya, vaya!&#xA;Me volvió a decir muy tierno y fino:&#xA;María Antonia, no seas tirana&#xA;Mira niña, que te amo y te adoro,&#xA;Y tendrás las pesetas a manta.&#xA;Yo, le respondí con mi sonete,&#xA;Con mi canto, mi baile y soflama:&#xA;¡Que porfiado es usted, señorito!&#xA;Usted quiere…¡Caramba! ¡Caramba!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario te da la pista &lt;strong&gt;María Antonia Fernández&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Antonia_Vallejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;María Antonia Vallejo Fernández Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2015-10-18T01:33:39.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15058" CreationDate="2015-10-18T12:19:55.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, en cuanto lo leí me di cuenta que está mal utilizado, sí bien la rae lo respalda, así mismo lo aclara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. &lt;strong&gt;coloq.&lt;/strong&gt; Tener una actuación especialmente buena en una determinada situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En negrita remarqué la abreviatura de la palabra &quot;coloq&quot;, que en realidad significa coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=coloquial&amp;amp;m=form&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coloquial en la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de otra forma, se usa vulgarmente, pero no es del todo correcto. Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;strong&gt;prnl.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prnl.&lt;/strong&gt; coloq. Tener una actuación especialmente buena en una determinada situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alude a que debe conjugarse, o ponerse en contexto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso correcto sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Se ha portado bien&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a &quot;estar&quot;, no me seria raro que ocurra lo mismo, dependiendo de la región en que estés, pero sí que suena forzada una situación en la que te respondan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué quieres que te diga? estoy...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queriendo decir que no se está ni bien ni mal. Es una respuesta poco clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-18T20:47:29.313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-18T20:47:29.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14906" CreationDate="2015-10-19T03:54:12.417" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando dicen que la palabra &quot;chévere&quot; posee un origen oscuro quizás lo digan metafóricamente. Y esto es debido a que la palabra chévere o 'chebere' existe y ha existido en el lenguaje 'efik' de la costa occidental de Africa. Durante más de dos siglos el vocablo es usado en estribillos cantados en la sociedad secreta 'abakua' de Cuba, conocidos generalmente como los 'nanigos'. El vocablo significa el bravo o el chulo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está muy asociado a la santería y a los esclavos negros que llegaron a las islas caribeñas.  Se dice que la palabra chévere (adaptada de los efik) es de origen cubano, y llega a Venezuela hacia comienzos de los años 40, proveniente del calabar (dialecto nigeriano) &quot;sébede&quot;, que significa adornarse profusamente, vestirse con elegancia. Con el paso de los años la palabra fue tomando la figura y fuerza de todo lo relacionado a bueno, agradable, estupendo, excelente, maravilloso, &quot;guay&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11052" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T03:54:12.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15069" CreationDate="2015-10-19T05:40:32.187" Score="2" ViewCount="696" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would one translate the &quot;so&quot; in the following expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am so loving it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are so screwed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is so not good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &quot;so&quot; translates as &lt;code&gt;tan&lt;/code&gt; but will this literal translation work in the above scenarios? Are the following sentences correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy tan amandolo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás tan cogido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este tan no está bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T16:41:58.567" Title="Translation of idiomatic &quot;so&quot; expressions in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15067" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:30:05.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no translation, that I can think of.  Using the word &amp;quot;so&amp;quot; in your given context is using it as a multiplier.  One is not just screwed, but rather sooo... screwed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This food is good!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This food is sooo good!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The extra o's indicate the prolonged stretching of the vowel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest thing to that in Spanish is with superlatives, &lt;code&gt;riquisisisisimo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Esta comida está rica!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Esta comida está riquísima!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... adding more &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt;s to stress it more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/52&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/52&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may only be regional to Mexico, but another way to translate it would be with &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;tan&lt;/code&gt; as you've tried in your OP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; screwed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; cogido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:57:39.977" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15062" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:48:35.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un eufemismo por &lt;code&gt;carajo&lt;/code&gt;. Extrañamente, el Etymonline tiene una entrada para esta palabra: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=caramba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=caramba&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T06:48:35.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15010" CreationDate="2015-10-19T10:35:52.967" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de la recomendación de la RAE, permitidme añadir unos argumentos por los que yo personalmente estoy en contra de este uso de @:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No aporta nada, pues ya existe en castellano una forma para incluir a ambos géneros: en este caso, &lt;em&gt;bienvenidos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dificulta la lectura, levemente para los que no están acostumbrados a su uso, y gravemente para ciertas aplicaciones, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lectores automáticos para ciegos: un ordenador que procesa un texto y tiene una salida de audio por la que lee, y que en este caso seguramente leería algo como &lt;em&gt;Sed bienvenidarrobaese a mi casa&lt;/em&gt;, en el mejor de los casos. Obviamente, también los usamos personas no ciegas :-), pero para ellos es más importante.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso de herramientas informáticas como, por poner un ejemplo que entendamos todos, Google Translate. No traduciría bien un texto que contenga palabras así.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En ordenadores y teléfonos, aparición de la palabra como si fuera un hipervínculo, al interpretarlo el aparato como una dirección de correo electrónico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por motivos sobre los cuales cada uno tendrá su opinión, de un tiempo a esta parte muchas personas y organizaciones, comenzaron a usar términos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bienvenid@s&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bienvenidxs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bienvenidos y bienvenidas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, aunque paradójicamente suelo estar de acuerdo con muchas de ellas, discrepo totalmente en esto, por lo expuesto en el punto 1 de esta respuesta. Pero de elegir una forma, que sea al menos la tercera (&lt;em&gt;bienvenidos y bienvenidas&lt;/em&gt;), puesto que es la única que se puede leer y elimina los problemas del punto 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1427" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T10:35:52.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15067" CreationDate="2015-10-19T11:08:40.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's check them case by case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy tan amandolo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't use &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; before a gerund, so you must put it at the end instead. This forces you to use &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt;, instead of the &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; apocopation.&#xA;On the other hand, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Estoy amándolo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; sounds a bit odd to begin with, as you'd probably say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Lo amo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; on a normal context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo amo tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás tan cogido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually fine. Just take into account that &lt;em&gt;cogido&lt;/em&gt; is a regionalism, and in Spain it wouldn't mean what you expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Spain, you would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Estás tan jodido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este tan no está bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the hardest one. You can't use &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; before a negative, so the only correct variation with &quot;tan&quot; here would be something like: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Este no está tan bueno&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but it would have the opposite meaning of what you wanted (ie: instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;This is so not good.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, it would mean &quot;&lt;em&gt;This is not so good.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best option for this one would be to change the phrase so you don't need the &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto está tan malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, to answer dockeryZ's edit,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Esta comida está tan rica!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is commonly used, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9006" LastEditorUserId="9006" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T11:20:15.183" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T11:20:15.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2015-10-19T14:15:46.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México: (esto, eso, aqullo, esta cosa, esa cosa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras &quot;esto, eso, aquello&quot; tienen un &quot;objeto&quot; sin nombre implícito, &#xA;mientras que usar la palabra &quot;cosa&quot; da a entender que no se sabe el nombre del objeto, pero es un objeto de lo que se habla. (Se infiere que no es una persona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thing --&gt; What is that thing on the wall?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que es esa &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt; en la pared? / Que es &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt; en la pared?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thingy --&gt; How does this thingy work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como funciona &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt;? / Como funciona esta &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thingamajig --&gt; Please give me that thingamajig over there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor dame esa &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt; de ahí / Por favor pasame &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt; de ahí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whatchamacallit --&gt; Then the, uh, whatchamacallit broke and I couldn't use it anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y luego, &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt; se rompió y no lo pude usar / Y luego, esa &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt; se rompió y no la pude usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;doohickey --&gt; First, you fasten this doohickey to the frame...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Primero ajustas &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt; al marco / Primero ajustas esta &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt; al marco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T13:50:28.480" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T13:50:28.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2015-10-19T15:39:49.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Bogotá, Colombia, se usan las siguientes palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coso/a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Denota un objeto material cuyo nombre no se conoce. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Alcánzame ese coso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cochornie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente para referirse a algo material pero con énfasis en algún dispositivo. Muy bogotano y antiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aparato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que &lt;em&gt;Device&lt;/em&gt; en Inglés, es cualquier dispositivo mecánico, eléctrico, electrónico cuyo nombre no recordamos o conocemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T15:29:58.537" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T15:29:58.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15067" CreationDate="2015-10-19T15:45:27.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia,  la palabra que usamos equivalente a &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; en inglés y en el &lt;strong&gt;mismo contexto&lt;/strong&gt;, es &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is so good! =&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;¡Esto es tan bueno!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your parents are so lovely! =&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;¡Tus padres son tan queridos!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She is so hot! =&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;¡Ella es tan buena!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He is so grumpy! =&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;¡Él es tan gruñón!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:48:21.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15060" CreationDate="2015-10-19T15:48:01.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mìtad&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't exist as a word.  It's a mistake.  Just &lt;strong&gt;mitad&lt;/strong&gt; that has the same meaning and is used in the same context as &lt;strong&gt;half&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:48:01.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-19T18:26:40.353" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this sentence using the correct tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues adivino si tuviera la oportunidad me gustaría ir Hawái, puesto&#xA;  que nadaría en el mar bonito y porque por lo visto haría mucho sol y&#xA;  calor que me gustan. Por lo tanto, sé que sería una experiencia&#xA;  mágica, pero itendré que ganar a la lotería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11063" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T21:25:37.090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T21:25:37.090" Title="Is this sentence using the correct tense?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-10-21T08:10:20.157" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2015-10-19T19:17:41.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que si tuviera la oportunidad de ir a Hawái, nadaría en el mar&#xA;  bonito. Me encanta mucho el sol y calor, por lo que sería una&#xA;  experiencia mágica. Pero para viajar tendría que ganarme la lotería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last sentence should be conditional because is something subjective and non-determinative. You cannot win the lottery for sure. You could win but you couldn't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I re-arranged your paragraph, I hope you like it. If not, as I told you the last part should be &lt;strong&gt;tendría&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;tendré&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are translating the first part &lt;strong&gt;Pues adivino&lt;/strong&gt; from &lt;strong&gt;Well I guess&lt;/strong&gt; or maybe &lt;strong&gt;Well I think&lt;/strong&gt;. You can say directly &lt;strong&gt;Creo que&lt;/strong&gt; and give later your arguments. That way it would sound better for hispanics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="8972" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T19:31:04.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T19:31:04.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2015-10-19T21:10:07.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo &lt;em&gt;(I guess you meant guess)&lt;/em&gt; que...ir a Hawai, puesto que podría nadar en el ese mar tan bonito, en un clima caluroso y bajo el sol que tanto me gusta. Sería una experiencia mágica, pero tendría que ganar la lotería para hacerla realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tell me if you want comments on what I've corrected. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11006" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T21:10:07.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15067" CreationDate="2015-10-19T21:19:24.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las traducciones directas a lo que quieres decir serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am so loving it. - Lo estoy amando tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are so screwed. - Estás tan jodido./Estás bien jodido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is so not good. - Esto es tan malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T21:19:24.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15082" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-19T21:37:49.793" Score="8" ViewCount="19730" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces leemos frases del tipo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen falta muchos Gandhis en el mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refiriéndose a que hace falta mucha gente como Gandhi para que tal o cual cosa suceda. Por la construcción de la palabra se usa el plural del nombre, por lo que en lugar de Gandhi decimos &lt;em&gt;Gandhis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si esa persona que usamos como referente tiene nombre y apellido, no sé cómo debe pluralizarse su nombre. Si por ejemplo esa persona se llama Juan Romero, ¿cuál es correcto de entre estos? ¿O acaso es otra la forma correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen falta muchos Juanes Romero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen falta muchos Juan Romeros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y si se trata de un nombre compuesto como por ejemplo Juan Antonio Romero? ¿Es esto correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen falta muchos Juanes Antonio(s?) Romero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y si nos referimos a más de una persona como por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipi_y_Zape&quot;&gt;Zipi y Zape&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tanto Juan y José como Ramón y Rodrigo eran los Zipis y Zapes de&#xA;  nuestro colegio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T04:16:27.653" Title="¿Cómo se pluralizan los nombres propios?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15082" CreationDate="2015-10-20T02:04:30.550" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot;&gt;reglas del plural de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regla 2.8. &lt;strong&gt;Nombres propios&lt;/strong&gt;. Puesto que los nombres propios, a&#xA;  diferencia de los comunes, no designan clases de seres, sino que&#xA;  sirven para identificar un solo ser de entre los de su clase, no&#xA;  suelen emplearse en plural. Sin embargo, al existir seres que&#xA;  comparten el mismo nombre propio, sí cabe usar este en plural para&#xA;  designar varios referentes: Los Javieres que conozco son todos muy&#xA;  simpáticos; En América hay dos Córdobas, una en la Argentina y otra en&#xA;  México. Al respecto, conviene tener en cuenta lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Los nombres de pila hacen el plural de acuerdo con las reglas&#xA;  generales (→ 1): las Pilares, las Cármenes, los Pablos, los Raúles,&#xA;  los Andreses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Los apellidos se mantienen invariables cuando designan a los&#xA;  miembros de una misma familia: Mañana cenamos en casa de los García;&#xA;  Los Alcover se han ido a vivir a Quito. Cuando se emplean para&#xA;  designar un conjunto diverso de individuos que tienen el mismo&#xA;  apellido, el uso vacila entre mantenerlos invariables o añadirles las&#xA;  marcas propias del plural de acuerdo con su forma. La tendencia&#xA;  mayoritaria es mantenerlos invariables, sobre todo en el caso de&#xA;  apellidos que pueden ser también nombres de pila, para distinguir&#xA;  ambos usos: Los Alonsos de mi clase son muy simpáticos (nombre de&#xA;  pila) y Los Alonso de mi clase son muy simpáticos (apellido); o cuando&#xA;  se trata de apellidos que tienen variantes con -s y sin -s, como&#xA;  Torre(s), Puente(s) o Fuente(s): En mi pueblo hay muchos Puente (gente&#xA;  apellidada Puente) y En mi pueblo hay muchos Puentes (gente apellidada&#xA;  Puentes). Salvo en estos casos, los que terminan en vocal admiten con&#xA;  más naturalidad las marcas de plural que los que acaban en consonante:&#xA;  En la guía telefónica hay muchísimos Garcías (pero también hay&#xA;  muchísimos García), frente a ¿Cuántos Pimentel conoces? (más normal&#xA;  que ¿Cuántos Pimenteles conoces?). Los apellidos que acaban en -z se&#xA;  mantienen siempre invariables: los Hernández, los Díez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Los nombres de dinastías o de familias notorias también vacilan. La&#xA;  mayoría tienden a permanecer invariables: los Habsburgo, los&#xA;  Trastámara, los Tudor, los Borgia; pero otros se usan casi siempre con&#xA;  marcas de plural: los Borbones, los Austrias, los Capuletos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d) Cuando se usa una marca comercial para designar varios objetos&#xA;  fabricados por dicha marca, si el nombre termina en vocal, suele&#xA;  usarse con la terminación -s característica del plural, mientras que,&#xA;  si termina en consonante, tiende a permanecer invariable: Hay tres&#xA;  Yamahas aparcadas en la puerta; Los Opel tienen un motor muy&#xA;  resistente. Lo mismo ocurre con los nombres de empresas, cuando&#xA;  designan varios de sus establecimientos: Últimamente han abierto&#xA;  muchos Zaras en el extranjero; Hay dos Benetton en Salamanca. Si el&#xA;  nombre es compuesto, permanece invariable: Los nuevos Corte Inglés de&#xA;  la ciudad son muy grandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11052" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T08:06:39.110" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T08:06:39.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-20T03:51:35.433" Score="1" ViewCount="2058" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to politely reply in Spanish when someone asks this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De dónde eres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the statement bellow correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo de France&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T20:15:34.717" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T20:16:14.607" Title="How to reply to &quot;where I am from&quot; in spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15086" CreationDate="2015-10-20T03:54:09.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you live in France, You can say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo soy de Francia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Soy de Francia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T07:35:09.650" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T07:35:09.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15082" CreationDate="2015-10-20T04:10:39.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si termina en vocal, se agrega una letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Di eso a los dos Diegos...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Las dueñas de ese perro son las tres Marías...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si termina en consonante, se agrega &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;es&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; si masculino, o neutro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Ezequieles por un lado, los demás por el otro...&lt;/em&gt; (Ezequiel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;vosotras, Soledades, son del equipo A&quot;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero algo muy curioso, es que los nombres terminados en consonante, especialmente son procedentes de otros idiomas, aveces adaptados al español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Isabel&lt;/em&gt; - Isabela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ruth&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edith&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Judith&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abigail&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Beatriz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lourdes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es casual oír a la gente decir &quot;Abigailas&quot;, o &quot;Abigailes&quot;, generalmente se tiende a usar más palabras como en el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ellas dos son vecinas, ambas se llaman Beatriz...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Me encantan las dos chicas llamadas Ruth, ambas son muy bonitas...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan Antonio Romero&quot; sería: &quot;Los Juan Antonios Romero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T04:15:15.260" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T04:15:15.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-20T04:50:50.033" Score="6" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like the translate the phrase &quot;not nearly enough&quot; into Spanish.  The phrase is used in the sense of something not being even close to the level you are expecting, or often, are hoping for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The target level (that has not been reached) is not usually known, is not typically a definite value, and may have the qualities of infinity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if someone were carrying $150,000, and they were asked how much money they were carrying, and that person replied &quot;Not nearly enough.&quot;, what's implied is that person would like to have a mountain full of cash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11069" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T17:35:46.213" Title="Translating the phrase &quot;not nearly enough&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15086" CreationDate="2015-10-20T05:59:30.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or rather &quot;Soy de Francia&quot;, to give the country's name in Spanish as well. For France the difference is not so big that it wouldn't be understood but it gets more important with places like Germany (Alemania) or the US (Estados Unidos) :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11070" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T05:59:30.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15089" CreationDate="2015-10-20T06:31:57.973" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would probably go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo suficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be used the same way as your expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-How much money do you make?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Not nearly enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would get translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Cuanto dinero ganas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-No lo suficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9006" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T06:31:57.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15086" CreationDate="2015-10-20T06:35:46.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿De dónde eres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reply:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Soy de Francia.&quot; - &quot;I'm from France.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you prefer to say that you're from Paris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Soy Parisino.&quot; - &quot;I'm parisian.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Soy de Paris.&quot; - &quot;I'm from Paris.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T20:16:14.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T20:16:14.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15067" CreationDate="2015-10-20T07:06:27.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en español, también se utiliza el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, para potenciar las cualidades del adjetivo o del nombre a que antecede:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;I am so loving it.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;You are so screwed.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;This is so not good.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pido disculpas si doy una mala traducción, pero intentaré hacerlo&#xA;bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt; enamorado de eso.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Estás &lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt; liado.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Esto no es nada bueno.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que no se utiliza normalmente, pero es valido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora sí lo que buscas es un uso más cotidiano, sería:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Eso me tiene muy enamorado.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Estás bastante jodido.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Esto no es nada bueno./Eso esta muy mal.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=so&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;1. RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T16:41:58.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15089" CreationDate="2015-10-20T08:04:25.050" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;This makes me think on the idiom &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ni de lejos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This means &quot;not even close&quot;, which in some cases can match what you are mentioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Has ganado la lotería?&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Did you win the lottery?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Ni de lejos: ¡no acerté ni un número!&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Not even close: I didn't match any number!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T12:47:01.600" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T12:47:01.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15086" CreationDate="2015-10-20T11:13:34.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy de Francia&quot; sounds a bit artificial to be honest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would choose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vengo de Francia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy francés (male)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy francesa (female)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1604" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T11:40:30.647" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T11:40:30.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15089" CreationDate="2015-10-20T12:06:29.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can work this: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;para nada suficiente&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. However it's a bit complicated logic because would have to use a double negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Te parece bien $150.000?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-No es para nada suficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T12:06:29.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15089" CreationDate="2015-10-20T15:19:08.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context given, I would favor &lt;code&gt;menos de lo que me gustaría&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, given your example, you ask that guy who would like to have mountains of money how much he is carrying or has&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Menos de lo que me gustaría (I know I have a huge lot, which is enough for almost anything, but I would like even more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Cuanto te van a pagar en el trabajo nuevo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Menos de lo que me gustaría. No está mal, pero creo que podría haber negociado más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Cuantas firmas hemos recogido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Menos de las que nos gustaría. Hay bastantes, pero podrían haber sido más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T15:19:08.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15089" CreationDate="2015-10-20T15:34:25.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Argentina and here we speak Spanish.&#xA;The correct translations following the context, are several:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni de cerca, lo suficiente (family-friendly way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo suficiente (formal speaking way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11075" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T17:35:46.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="811" CreationDate="2015-10-20T20:31:16.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/asele/pdf/15/15_0051.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este estudio&lt;/a&gt; de María Antonia Martín, en el que se describe la &lt;em&gt;gramaticalización&lt;/em&gt; de la frase &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;desde luego&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Por gramaticalización se entiende un proceso histórico en el que una palabra deja de tener un significado referencial y pasa a tener solo una función gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Originalmente la expresión &lt;em&gt;desde luego&lt;/em&gt; significaba lo que significa la unión de las palabras &amp;quot;desde&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;luego&amp;quot;, esto es, &lt;em&gt;a partir de un momento muy próximo&lt;/em&gt;, con función de complemento circunstancial de tiempo. Por ejemplo, en el siguiente fragmento del Quijote...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vine en fin donde el duque Ricardo estaba, fui dél tan bien recibido y tratado, que &lt;strong&gt;desde luego&lt;/strong&gt; comenzó la envidia a hacer su oficio[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...la envidia no comenzó &amp;quot;por supuesto&amp;quot;, sino &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;inmediatamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta acepción está en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=desde%20luego&amp;amp;m=form&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, como se indica en la respuesta de @pferor, y por supuesto ha dejado de usarse, aunque el documento de Martín recoge ejemplos de hasta 1932, y todavía está en el lenguaje judicial (puede verse en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ic-abogados.com/diccionario-juridico/res-nullius/22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este diccionario&lt;/a&gt; jurídico online). Un uso similar se puede apreciar en el chilenismo &lt;em&gt;desde ya&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &lt;em&gt;desde ahora mismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Martín, &amp;quot;a través de un proceso de gramaticalización de índole pragmática (inferencial)&amp;quot; el uso original derivó al actual, en el que la frase ya no es un complemento que indica la circunstancia temporal del núcleo, sino una marca de modalidad que se adjunta a toda la proposición, y que puede ser reemplazado, como todos sabemos, por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sin duda, ciertamente o evidentemente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Incluso en algunos casos la frase es en sí una oración independiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Vas a venir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Desde luego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la gramaticalización inferencial hay abundante información en la internet. Como ejemplo puedo decir que es el proceso que subyace a la formación del tiempo futuro de tipo &lt;em&gt;voy a cantar&lt;/em&gt; (el verbo &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; dejó de significar &amp;quot;desplazarse de un lugar a otro&amp;quot;) o la interjección &lt;em&gt;a ver&lt;/em&gt; (que no significa &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; + &amp;quot;ver&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T20:31:16.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15103" CreationDate="2015-10-20T20:33:22.360" Score="3" ViewCount="1207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this an acceptable (or rather correct) way of writing date time in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As of Tuesday, October 20, 2015 4:32:11 PM EDT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El martes 20 de octubre de 2015 16H32' EDT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11078" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-28T08:45:25.570" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T08:45:25.570" Title="Date and time formats in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15106" CreationDate="2015-10-20T21:43:29.120" Score="5" ViewCount="42991" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say you are in Spain and you get introduced to someone in a, let's say, formal context: how do you say &lt;em&gt;&quot;nice to meet you&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is there any difference in Latin America? And what if you are in an informal context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that something like the following is fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encantado de conocerte / conocerle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it may be interesting to see other options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-11-08T16:10:43.070" Title="How do you say &quot;nice to meet you&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15101" CreationDate="2015-10-20T22:02:21.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note I am not mentioning anything about the &quot;as of&quot; because I lack context for that.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to show the date time in your website, you may want to see what kind of approach you want to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is just a header with the date, use it succintly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Martes, 20 octubre 2015 16:32&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if it is part of a sentence then you can add all the articles and prepositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El martes, 20 de octubre de 2015 a las 16:32&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the format itself, it may be interesting to read what Fundéu recommends on it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/horas-grafia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;horas, grafía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it states that if working with 24 hours, just use the numbers separated by either &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;, followed by an optional &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt; (hours) --&gt; &lt;code&gt;23:45&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;23:45 h&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T22:02:21.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-20T22:38:43.873" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe if i can help, because i asked this question to one of the tour guides when i went recently to granada, spain.&#xA;The tour guide told me that in the past, one of the kings had a heavy tongue, and could not pronounce the letter &quot;S&quot; as we pronounce it in english. So as for respect to the king, people started pronouncing the letter &quot;S&quot; and &quot;z&quot; which require the same ability as &quot;th&quot;.&#xA;It was then kept like that as people were used to it until this day. Which king and when? I am not sure, i didnt even look it up. It might not even be true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11080" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T22:38:43.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2015-10-20T22:58:23.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your answer could be: &quot;Gusto en conocerte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11081" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T22:58:23.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2015-10-21T02:24:50.273" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you indicate in the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encantado de conocerte / conocerle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;may be the best option. If it is a formal context I would favor the &quot;usted&quot; form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other forms would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mucho gusto en conocerle / Encantado de conocerle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is sometimes shortened as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mucho gusto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encantado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which makes also valid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Es) Un placer &lt;sub&gt; (Es un placer conocerle) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T02:24:50.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2015-10-21T05:48:58.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar está simple oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un gusto en conocerte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un gusto...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero dependiendo de la confianza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustó conocerte, la verdad que la pasé muy bien con vos...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T09:55:08.480" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T09:55:08.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15115" CreationDate="2015-10-21T12:12:52.110" Score="8" ViewCount="13785" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia leo frases en inglés que mencionan &quot;timing&quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The wedding had a very good timing: no hurries, time for everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &quot;timing&quot;, si lo entiendo bien, se habla de la forma en que las cosas están programadas. Algo así como que hay un encaje fantástico entre los horarios preestablecidos y lo que realmente ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he fijado que en español cada vez más gente usa también la palabra &quot;timing&quot;, pero como siempre en estos casos me pregunto: ¿no tiene nuestro idioma una forma más nativa de decir lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T20:22:11.380" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T01:27:01.540" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra en español para referirse a &quot;timing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15108" CreationDate="2015-10-21T12:29:28.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;code&gt;ritmo&lt;/code&gt; funciona bien en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con buen ritmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T04:59:01.417" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T04:59:01.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="811" CreationDate="2015-10-21T13:02:38.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may or may not have anything to do with the etymology of &quot;desde luego&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the usages for the word &quot;luego&quot; is something like the English words &quot;thus&quot; or &quot;therefore&quot;.  &quot;Desde luego&quot; may have been a phrase for &quot;it follows logically&quot; which may have morphed into &quot;of course&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T13:02:38.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15108" CreationDate="2015-10-21T13:31:08.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como escribiste &lt;strong&gt;no hurries&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;time for everything&lt;/strong&gt; deduzco que la persona hace énfasis en el tiempo. Por lo que &quot;good timing&quot; en ese caso significa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La boda estuvo bien sincronizada, sin prisas y con tiempo para todo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tambien puede ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La boda se llevó a cabo a tiempo, sin prisas y con tiempo para todo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría decir &quot;ritmo&quot; como lo mencionó &lt;em&gt;Diego Mijelshon&lt;/em&gt; pero no es muy común decir así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La boda tuvo buen ritmo, sin prisas y con tiempo para todo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en otro contexto sin hacer mucho énfasis en el tiempo sino en el impacto que tuvo por estar todo a tiempo y en orden. Es como en Latinoamerica se diría regularmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La boda estuvo excelente, sin prisas y con tiempo para todo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T13:31:08.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-21T13:39:11.613" Score="7" ViewCount="459" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de informática, &lt;code&gt;caching&lt;/code&gt; puede ser utilizada para el proceso de guardar algo en una memoria rápida (caché del procesador, memoria RAM, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cual es la traducción correcta para esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8467" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T01:15:33.667" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T11:32:28.543" Title="Palabra en español para &quot;caching&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-10-21T13:53:03.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente decimos &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Almacenamiento en caché&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. En Norteamerica incluso algunos pronuncian &quot;cache&quot; como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;kach&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y otros pronuncian &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;keich&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T13:53:03.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-10-21T13:53:26.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Memoria caché es un concepto que la RAE reconoce:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OrlyaVd#FuFfcBb&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;memoria caché&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Inform. memoria de acceso rápido de una computadora, que guarda temporalmente las últimas informaciones procesadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, creo que &lt;strong&gt;&quot;guardar en memoria caché&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; puede ser lo que buscas. Sin embargo, he oído con frecuencia el término inglés aun hablando en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T13:53:26.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15108" CreationDate="2015-10-21T15:19:03.677" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Timing&quot; se usa en dos circunstancias principales. Una es la que dice en tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The wedding had a very good timing: no hurries, time for everything&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso decimos que la boda estuvo &lt;strong&gt;bien planeada&lt;/strong&gt;. Si se planeaba mal no iba a haber tiempo para todo lo planeado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro uso muy común que se le da a &quot;timing&quot;, es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The wedding had a very good timing: there was a huge storm the&#xA;  following day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso decimos que la boda fue &lt;strong&gt;oportuna&lt;/strong&gt;. Si se planeaba para el día siguiente iba a llover en la boda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, si bien no hay palabra nativa para &quot;timing&quot;, siempre es mejor referirse directamente al concepto que uno quiere transmitir, no a la palabra traducida. Ya dijo Orwell en su famoso ensayo &quot;Politics and the English Language&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is above all needed is to let the meaning choose the word, and not the other way around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T21:33:42.950" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T21:33:42.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2015-10-21T18:39:45.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parangaricutirimicuaro&lt;/strong&gt; que es como se &quot;conoce&quot; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo_San_Juan_Parangaricutiro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro&lt;/a&gt; a través de algunos trabalenguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T18:39:45.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-21T20:12:00.443" Score="3" ViewCount="1996" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using the Duolingo app to get some extra practice and have just come across the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La niña se come una manzana.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella se come la manzana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the answers are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The girl eats an apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;She eats the apple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are they using 'se impersonal' here? Does it make sense, and how is it different than:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La niña come una manzana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ella come la manzana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11089" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T21:51:04.930" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T21:51:04.930" Title="Usage of 'se impersonal' ('la niña se come una manzana')" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-10-21T20:27:32.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las comunidades informáticas en general se utilizan hispanizaciones de los términos técnicos en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cacheado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, como en &quot;&lt;em&gt;El cacheado de la memoria no es muy eficiente con esta herramienta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T20:27:32.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2015-10-22T00:52:21.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means to eat the whole thing; to eat it all up.  It's the difference between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joe ate that apple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joe inhaled that apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T00:52:21.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-10-22T01:14:13.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, en español usamos &lt;em&gt;caching&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cache&lt;/em&gt; para referirnos a lo mismo: almacenamiento para ejecutar consultas recurrentes mas rapido.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cache del Navegador.&#xA;Cache del website.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T01:14:13.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12023" CreationDate="2015-10-22T01:21:02.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To engage with a game:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Vincularse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Involucrarse&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in LatinAmerica at the app and game development slang,  currently the word &lt;em&gt;engagement&lt;/em&gt; is vastly and properly used,  and indeed is &lt;em&gt;the word&lt;/em&gt; that defines the actual and material engagement of a user with an app or game.  Here an anglicism is used to define the engagement.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="2340" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T16:26:33.060" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T16:26:33.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2079" CreationDate="2015-10-22T03:05:29.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sería más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reconocida por la RAE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Electroencefalografista (23 letras)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oficiales pero añadiendo sufijos o prefijos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esternocleidomastoideísticamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No oficiales:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pentaquismiriohexaquisquiriotetracosiohexacontapentagonales &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11052" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T03:05:29.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15127" CreationDate="2015-10-22T12:23:17.303" Score="3" ViewCount="7823" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say you have a Spanish friend and today is his/her birthday. How can you say &quot;happy birthday&quot; in an appropriate way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas felicidades&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my guess but it probably depends on the context and on how much confidence you have with the person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also: is there any other sentence you can say after that? Somethink like &quot;I hope you have a great day&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would imagine something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que cumplas muchos más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T03:36:12.150" Title="&quot;Happy birthday&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15126" CreationDate="2015-10-22T14:44:13.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I don't know in Spain but in Latin America we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños&lt;/strong&gt; = Happy birthday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños [nombre]&lt;/strong&gt; = Happy birthday [name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños [nombre de cariño]&lt;/strong&gt; = Happy birthday [special name] (For close friends)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To all these expressions you can add many phrases where you express your enthusiasm or your care&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños, muchas felicidades&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños, que lo pases [muy feliz / muy bien / excelente]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz cumpleaños, muchas felicidades, que lo pases [muy feliz / muy &#xA;  bien / excelente]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Feliz cumpleaños y que cumplas muchos más!*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Feliz cumpleaños, muchas felicidades y [muchos] éxitos!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually we start with &lt;strong&gt;feliz cumpleaños&lt;/strong&gt; and then we add something else. Sometimes it depends on the relationship with the other person and that could be followed with a half hug or a full hug or just a handshake&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At work, strictly in Latin America some people develop a strong relationship with their bosses, so they can give a half hug, it means you approach to the other and your left hand on the back of the other person and your right hand on his right arm (I'm just trying to give an example not a rule). Women in Latin America are more emotional and they can give a full hug with their female bosses or co-workers but with males are more formal. Only if that girl is your partner in crime, she will give you a full hug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember it depends on how close is your relationship with the other person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In North America, at work, they tend to say happy birthday face to face without contact (mostly but not a rule) and that's it. They follow their lives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="8972" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T03:36:12.150" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T03:36:12.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15126" CreationDate="2015-10-22T16:42:37.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will make an answer out of the commentaries I made:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are correct. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Feliz Cumpleaños! Muchas Felicidades&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. A hug, and then &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Que cumplas muchos más&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. You can also say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ojalá que sean más&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (Hopefully they will be more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A birthday hug is customary among everybody regardless familiarity, class or whatever factor. At least I can say that for Chile and Spain. Is completely normal that, say, the CEO comes and give a handshake and a hug to an employee for her birthday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to some comments I've read. Cultural aspects DO matter in the study of any language. You just can't learn a language without getting involved in the culture it is spoken within. Is like trying to learn japanese without understanding the strict social norms they have (You need to conjugate verbs based on your relative social standing of your listeners).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T16:42:37.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15126" CreationDate="2015-10-22T16:52:12.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Payaso Plin Plin:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Al payaso Plin Plin&#xA;se le pinchó la nariz&#xA;y con un estornudo&#xA;hizo fuerte ¡Achís!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YSbBoMg8bk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Payaso Plin Plin letra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cumpleaños feliz:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Que los cumplas Feliz!&#xA;¡Que los cumplas Feliz!&#xA;¡Que los cumplas [*name here*]!&#xA;¡Que los cumplas Feliz!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBOS3mKpyzs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El payaso Plin Plin y el Feliz cumpleaños son la misma canción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Feliz en tu día&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¡Feliz, feliz en tu día!&#xA;¡Ojalá que te pise un tranvía!&#xA;¡Que comas batata podrida!&#xA;¡Y que cumplas para atrás!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FolKzCgX0X4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El cumple de Pepe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original:&lt;/strong&gt; Feliz en tu día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feliz, feliz en tu día &#xA;Amiguito que Dios te bendiga &#xA;Que reine la paz en tu día &#xA;Y que cumplas muchos más &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1814298&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Feliz en tu día&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T02:52:09.067" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T02:52:09.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2015-10-23T13:31:50.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is not difference.&#xA;There is no reason to use or not to use the reflexive &quot;se&quot; at least in this sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same &quot;la niña SE come una manzana&quot; and &quot;la niña come una manzana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would guess that it depends on the region but in Colombia you would most frequently hear us use the &quot;se&quot; sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T13:32:47.853" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T13:32:47.853" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14892" CreationDate="2015-10-23T13:44:55.097" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You question is if this expression is recognized outside Mexico and I can say that in Colombia it is not used. From what TheLearner said it is not used in Spain either so I guess you should use more generic forms like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me voy a echar una siesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;voy a hacer una siesta/siestecita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me voy a dormir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &quot;echar&quot; in this context means &quot;&lt;code&gt;to do&lt;/code&gt;&quot; and not &quot;&lt;code&gt;to throw&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. I can imagine this one is not easy to understand for non native speakers and it is difficult also for me to explain it, but &quot;echar&quot; is sometimes used kind of like a reflexive, like to express something you do upon yourself or by yourself. &#xA;i.e. &lt;code&gt;Me voy a **echar** una comidita&lt;/code&gt; meaning &lt;code&gt;I'm going to get myself something small to eat&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T13:58:00.583" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T13:58:00.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15132" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15153" CreationDate="2015-10-23T15:05:23.167" Score="4" ViewCount="14317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando una canción algo gamberra de Molotov llamada &quot;Parásito&quot; del disco Apocalypshit (no sé si la historia me absolverá) y escuché lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subieron la &lt;strong&gt;mota&lt;/strong&gt;, también el alcohol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora es más caro ponerse un &lt;strong&gt;pasón&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que veo, &lt;em&gt;&quot;mota&quot;&lt;/em&gt; parece querer decir marihuana. Ahora bien, ¿qué quiere decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;pasón&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Es algo así como &quot;colocarse&quot; de drogas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T21:06:17.897" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T21:06:17.897" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;pasón&quot; en México?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2015-10-23T15:34:33.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can phrase it without &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;. However this pronoun is often complicated to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, consider &lt;strong&gt;walk&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She walks on the sidewalk = Ella camina sobre la acera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't say &lt;em&gt;ella &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; camina por la acera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll learn how to use it well as a part of a phrase in most of the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T15:34:33.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15135" CreationDate="2015-10-23T17:35:53.067" Score="1" ViewCount="5418" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish as a fluent American English speaker. I thought it would help to memorize all single-syllable Spanish words so I can build a quick foundation and help to catch those words when people are speaking to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I've not found any comprehensive list online, but I have found the evidence that other people are searching for it. So, maybe we can compile one here. I'd like to list all words (1-5 characters) with English definitions, and maybe pronunciation keys. I did find some help from Scrabble sites...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2-letter words: &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/vocabularygamesandpuzzle/a/two-letter-words.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/vocabularygamesandpuzzle/a/two-letter-words.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;scroll to 4-letter &amp;amp; under: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordfind.com/word/espanol/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wordfind.com/word/espanol/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the help!&#xA;Pedro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11103" LastEditorUserId="11103" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T17:55:57.403" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T20:11:34.610" Title="Single-Syllable Words, a Comprehensive List" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-31T19:45:02.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15134" CreationDate="2015-10-23T19:24:51.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A quick search brought me the link and words I will detail below, in case we lost the wiktionary site in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ndice:Monosilabos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ndice:Monosilabos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a&#xA;al&#xA;ar&#xA;as&#xA;ax&#xA;bah&#xA;bar&#xA;be&#xA;bel&#xA;bien&#xA;bis&#xA;bit&#xA;boj&#xA;bol&#xA;bon&#xA;brin&#xA;bus&#xA;buz&#xA;cal&#xA;can&#xA;car&#xA;ce&#xA;cha&#xA;che&#xA;ché&#xA;chin&#xA;chip&#xA;cho&#xA;cid&#xA;clan&#xA;clon&#xA;col&#xA;con&#xA;coz&#xA;cran&#xA;crin&#xA;crol&#xA;cron&#xA;cruz&#xA;cu&#xA;da&#xA;dad&#xA;dan&#xA;das&#xA;de&#xA;dé&#xA;del&#xA;di&#xA;dí&#xA;do&#xA;don&#xA;dos&#xA;e&#xA;el&#xA;él&#xA;en&#xA;erg&#xA;es&#xA;ex&#xA;fa&#xA;fan&#xA;fax&#xA;faz&#xA;fe&#xA;fez&#xA;fin&#xA;fiel&#xA;flan&#xA;flor&#xA;flux&#xA;folk&#xA;frez&#xA;fu&#xA;ga&#xA;gas&#xA;ge&#xA;gel&#xA;gen&#xA;gil&#xA;gin&#xA;gis&#xA;gol&#xA;gong&#xA;gran&#xA;gres&#xA;gris&#xA;gu&#xA;gui&#xA;gus&#xA;ha&#xA;han&#xA;has&#xA;haz&#xA;he&#xA;hez&#xA;hiel&#xA;hoz&#xA;i&#xA;ir&#xA;ka&#xA;krill&#xA;la&#xA;lar&#xA;las&#xA;le&#xA;les&#xA;lo&#xA;los&#xA;luz&#xA;lux&#xA;mal&#xA;mar&#xA;mas&#xA;más&#xA;me&#xA;mes&#xA;mi&#xA;mí&#xA;mil&#xA;mis&#xA;mol&#xA;mor&#xA;mu&#xA;mur&#xA;mus&#xA;na&#xA;ni&#xA;no&#xA;non&#xA;nos&#xA;ña&#xA;ño&#xA;ñor&#xA;ñu&#xA;o&#xA;oc&#xA;oh&#xA;os&#xA;ox&#xA;pe&#xA;pal&#xA;pan&#xA;par&#xA;paz&#xA;pez&#xA;pi&#xA;pin&#xA;pie&#xA;piel&#xA;plan&#xA;plus&#xA;pon&#xA;pop&#xA;por&#xA;pos&#xA;prez&#xA;pro&#xA;pus&#xA;que&#xA;qué&#xA;ras&#xA;re&#xA;red&#xA;res&#xA;rip&#xA;rol&#xA;ron&#xA;ros&#xA;rus&#xA;sal&#xA;sál&#xA;san&#xA;se&#xA;sé&#xA;sed&#xA;sel&#xA;sen&#xA;ser&#xA;si&#xA;sí&#xA;sic&#xA;sil&#xA;sin&#xA;so&#xA;sol&#xA;son&#xA;sor&#xA;sos&#xA;su&#xA;sud&#xA;sur&#xA;sus&#xA;tac&#xA;tal&#xA;tan&#xA;tas&#xA;taz&#xA;te&#xA;té&#xA;ten&#xA;test&#xA;tex&#xA;tez&#xA;ti&#xA;tic&#xA;ton&#xA;tos&#xA;tras&#xA;tren&#xA;tres&#xA;tris&#xA;tu&#xA;tú&#xA;tul&#xA;tun&#xA;u&#xA;ud&#xA;un&#xA;va&#xA;val&#xA;vals&#xA;van&#xA;vas&#xA;ve&#xA;vé&#xA;ven&#xA;ver&#xA;ves&#xA;vez&#xA;vi&#xA;vil&#xA;vis&#xA;vos&#xA;voz&#xA;watt&#xA;y&#xA;ya&#xA;yang&#xA;ye&#xA;yen&#xA;yin&#xA;yo&#xA;zig&#xA;zag&#xA;zas&#xA;zar&#xA;zen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T19:24:51.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15132" CreationDate="2015-10-23T19:59:39.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una sobredosis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se deriva de &quot;&lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, como &quot;&lt;em&gt;pasar la dosis apropriada&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8853" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T19:59:39.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15134" CreationDate="2015-10-23T20:11:34.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to Herman's answer there is this other link however I completely agree with Herman This is useless. As a native speaker I don't even know the meaning of some of those words and some may even have several meanings depending on the context, so I think memorizing these lists would be a waste of time...but suit yourself :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Monos%C3%ADlabos_ortogr%C3%A1ficos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.wikilengua.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;guion&#xA;pie&#xA;pio&#xA;piais&#xA;pieis&#xA;rio&#xA;riais&#xA;ruan&#xA;Ruan&#xA;Sion&#xA;Saiz&#xA;Sainz&#xA;Lion&#xA;ruo&#xA;ruais&#xA;rue&#xA;rueis&#xA;ruin&#xA;guio&#xA;guie&#xA;guiais&#xA;guieis&#xA;truhan&#xA;cio&#xA;cie&#xA;ciais&#xA;cieis&#xA;crio&#xA;crie&#xA;criais&#xA;crieis&#xA;lio&#xA;lie&#xA;liais&#xA;lieis&#xA;Luis&#xA;fio&#xA;fie&#xA;fiais&#xA;fieis&#xA;trio&#xA;trie&#xA;triais&#xA;trieis&#xA;cian&#xA;pion&#xA;prion&#xA;muon&#xA;ion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T20:11:34.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13656" CreationDate="2015-10-23T21:12:19.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;antro&lt;/strong&gt; viene del latín &lt;i&gt;antrum,&lt;/i&gt; que en latín no&#xA;  sólo significa gruta, caverna, sino también las cavidades en los&#xA;  troncos de los árboles y empleado en plural, &lt;i&gt;antra,&lt;/i&gt; se refiere&#xA;  a las fosas nasales y a otras cavidades corporales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El latín tomó en préstamo el vocablo del griego (antron = cueva). En&#xA;  castellano, no sólo se refiere a una &lt;a href=&quot;/?caverna&quot;&gt;caverna&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  sino a cualquier establecimiento oscuro, repelente y de mala&#xA;  reputación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En medicina, la palabra &lt;b&gt;antro&lt;/b&gt; se usa para indicar una cavidad&#xA;  como la que tenemos dentro de los huesos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De unos años a la fecha, en México se utiliza esta palabra para&#xA;  sustituir a disco discotheque está muy en boga ir los fines de semana&#xA;  a los antros; es decir que ahora los antros ya no son de mala&#xA;  reputación en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuente:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?antro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Antro etomologia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T22:34:39.647" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T22:34:39.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15140" CreationDate="2015-10-23T23:23:47.417" Score="2" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this sentence&lt;/a&gt; into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to Hegel, Heraclitus is the one who first declared the nature of the infinite and first grasped nature as in itself infinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según Hegel, Heráclito es la primera persona que declaró la naturaleza de lo infinito y la captó en sí mismo infinita. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my translation correct? &#xA;If it's not , what would a native speaker suggest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11107" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T15:12:09.147" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T16:40:26.727" Title="According to Hegel, Heraclitus is" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15139" CreationDate="2015-10-23T23:54:01.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según Hegel, Heráclito es quien primero declara la naturaleza de lo&#xA;  infinito así como quien primero capta la naturaleza misma como infinita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Is a matter of aesthetics how you link both &quot;&lt;em&gt;Quien primero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. I have chosen &quot;Así como&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T23:54:01.550" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15142" CreationDate="2015-10-24T00:41:54.613" Score="4" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking a shower and then suddenly the water stopped coming out from the shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would a Spanish speaking person say in this situation? (right at that moment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are these sentences correct?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se ha ido el agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And after this disaster , I go to the kitchen to make lunch. The stove is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can I say:&lt;/strong&gt; (right at that moment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay gas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se ha ido el gas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be grateful if you could answer my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thank you.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11107" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T00:58:21.633" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T14:36:27.477" Title="Water and gas went off (unavailable)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15141" CreationDate="2015-10-24T00:52:52.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In the case of water:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Se cortó el agua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Me he quedado sin agua.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Se fue el agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;in the case of gas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Me he quedado sin gas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;La cocina se ha quedado sin gas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;La garrafa de gas esta vacía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T14:36:27.477" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T14:36:27.477" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15145" CreationDate="2015-10-24T12:46:29.707" Score="2" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the questions on this site asks how to express in Spanish a situation where you're having, say, a shower and the faucet suddenly runs dry. The only answer posted suggested this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se corto el agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it common to use &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; with a verb conjugated in the first person as in the example above? If so, what's the grammar behind such usage? I only ever understood that reflexive verbs take &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; when used in the &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt; form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T22:25:24.693" Title="Using se with the first person singular conjugation" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15143" CreationDate="2015-10-24T13:17:54.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very common. If you already understand &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; for the first person, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is for the third. &#xA;i.e It is use for things that happen to inanimate objects like in this example and yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se dañó el carro = the car broke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also as reflexive for the third person&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan se entrena para la carrera = Juan trains (himself) for the race&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan se está entrenando para la carrera = Juan is training for the&#xA;  race.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more way to say your example using both &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; could be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me cortó el agua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means &lt;code&gt;The water run dry on me.&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;The water went off on me&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And by the way...don't get confused with the conjugation of the verb &quot;&lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt;&quot; in sentences like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I know = yo se&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T17:47:15.263" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T17:47:15.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15143" CreationDate="2015-10-24T14:10:44.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, the phrase you cite is missing an accent mark. The correct one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se cort&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt; el agua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the verb is in third person singular of the simple past tense, as you would expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T14:10:44.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15143" CreationDate="2015-10-24T14:32:09.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Se cortó el agua&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refers to the flow of water mains have been cut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So it's like saying:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El flujo del agua se cortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the tilde(Accent) sets the third person of the singular, of the first prerson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;corto&lt;/strong&gt; pan. - &lt;em&gt;I cut bread.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepita se &lt;strong&gt;cortó&lt;/strong&gt; el pelo. - &lt;em&gt;Pepita got a haircut.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;se&quot; can be used if you use &quot;usted&quot; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted se &lt;strong&gt;cortó&lt;/strong&gt; el dedo sólito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Usted&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is an third person of singular, but it means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tú&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; a degree of respect, at least in the correct use of language, as in many countries &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Usted&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; not charge any sense of respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Usted&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; it possible that this is the third person singular and second at the same time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it is used as a second person instead of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tú&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, but it really is the third person, as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;usted&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;vuestred&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Vuestra merced&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; It is similar to the English word &quot;your self&quot; what does it mean &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tú y tu persona&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (Your body and mind, nonsense respect of the Middle Ages)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt; was used to speak with a degree of respect for people without titles like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;su santidad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;su excelencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &quot;&lt;strong&gt;su magnificencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; was descortez mention the other person directly saying &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;, or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, it was disrespectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T22:25:24.693" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T22:25:24.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-24T15:11:17.293" Score="8" ViewCount="29121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es ésa: ¿Qué es merced?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace referencia a &quot;vuestra merced&quot;, dicho que se le dice a dos personas, una imaginaria, y a una persona en concreto. Nació fruto de las clases sociales bien definidas en la Edad Media, época en que las personas prácticamente si nacían en una posición social, morían en ella. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que no entiendo es qué significa Merced. Por lo que entiendo, significa algo como la voluntad, y a la vez el ser de toda persona.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que se haga vuestra merced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay nadie tan fuerte como vuestra merced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaro que también sé que es un título que se le da a las personas para denotar respeto y no hablarles directamente de tú, o de vos. Justamente se le daba a personas sin un titulo concreto, es como el equivalente en la realeza a &quot;su alteza&quot;, &quot;su magnificencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T01:53:13.687" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T09:52:04.700" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de &quot;merced&quot; en un contexto de Edad Media?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15139" CreationDate="2015-10-24T16:40:26.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my own translation, definitely it depends on aesthetics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según Hegel, Heráclito fue el primero en declarar la naturaleza de lo infinito y el primero en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That second part is a little bit hard for me to translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T16:40:26.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-24T18:41:04.650" Score="5" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para referirse a la cara o superficie de algo, hay dos términos sinónimos que se puede usar: &lt;em&gt;faz&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt;.  En realidad, trátase de un vocablo con dos variantes, una que ha sufrido más cambios fonéticos en su evolución del latín que la otra y que curiosamente ha podido sobrevivir con dos formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejando por un lado los usos especializados de estos términos (&lt;em&gt;faz&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;anverso de monedas&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;parte superior de una hoja&lt;/em&gt;), ¿existe algún matiz para la preferencia de una u otra, sea cuestión de región, registro, época, etcétera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-10-24T19:05:40.307" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T05:35:16.113" Title="«Faz» y «haz» para decir «cara»" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-24T22:20:57.570" Score="6" ViewCount="3148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según tengo entendido antes se le decía despectivamente a la gente &quot;buen hombre&quot;, como diciendo &quot;pobre diablo&quot;, o &quot;pobre tipo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, En el libro del Quijote, cuando al hidalgo se le dice así, &quot;buen hombre&quot;, éste se enoja y contesta groseramente a un cuadrillero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo es que algo como &quot;buen hombre&quot;, era despectivo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Lo que el libro dice es:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buen hombre:&lt;/strong&gt; era fórmula de tratamiento aplicada a los inferiores, con&#xA;valor casi despectivo, equivalente a &quot;pobre hombre&quot; de donde la&#xA;irritación de don Quijote (vid. I-iv, n. 40;y n. 13).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fragmento extraído del Don quijote de la Mancha, I-XVII:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegó el cuadrillero, y, como los halló hablando en tan sosegada&#xA;  conversación, quedó suspenso. Bien es verdad que aún don Quijote se&#xA;  estaba boca arriba, sin poderse menear, de puro molido y emplastado.&#xA;  Llegóse a él el cuadrillero y díjole:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pues¿Cómo va, buen hombre?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hablara yo más bien criado -respondió don Quijote-, si fuera que vos. ¿Úsase en tierra hablar desa suerte a los caballeros andantes,&#xA;  majadero?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cuadrillero que se vio tratar tan mal de un hombre de tan mal&#xA;  parecer, no lo pudo sufrir, y, alzando el candil con todo su aceite,&#xA;  dio a don quijote con él en la cabeza, de suerte que le dejó muy bien&#xA;  descalabrado; y, como todo quedó ascuras, salióse luego; y Sancho&#xA;  Panza dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sin duda, señor que éste es el moro encantado, y debe de guardar el tesoro para otros, y para nosotros sólo guarda las puñadas y los&#xA;  candilazos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2015-10-25T00:08:59.097" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T08:41:53.220" Title="Posible origen de la frase &quot;buen hombre&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2015-10-25T03:15:06.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico Frijoles are the Dry Beans. While Habichuelas are the green ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11115" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T03:15:06.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13656" CreationDate="2015-10-25T06:48:47.600" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras investigar en Google Books, encontré dos fuentes que hacen derivar &lt;em&gt;garito&lt;/em&gt; del vascuence. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=whdf0XXf6gwC&amp;amp;pg=PA390&amp;amp;dq=garito&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=garito&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario trilingüe del castellano, bascuence y latín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1745), de Manuel de Larramendi, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Garito, la casa de el juego, es voz Bascongada de el mismo origen de&#xA;  garita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en &lt;em&gt;Garita&lt;/em&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Garita, de soldado, es voz Bascongada, que se sincopó de &lt;em&gt;garaitoa&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  que significa parte superior, estrecha y ahogada, qual es la garita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Es decir, lugar alto, estrecho y sin ventilación, como una garita.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=vxMMAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=garito&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=garito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Origen del lenguaje y etimología castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1927), de Julio Cejador y Frauca, dice, en el fragmento que Google Books deja ver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gari-ta&lt;/em&gt;, trigal, dió &lt;em&gt;garita&lt;/em&gt; la choza, sin duda para cuidar los campos, garito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual la similitud vendría por el lado de &quot;choza&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por otra parte, el interesante libro &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=qeJCVlJg1FsC&amp;amp;pg=PA265&amp;amp;dq=garito&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=garito&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Figures du jeu: Études lexico-semantiques sur le jeu de cartes en Espagne (XVIe - XVIIe siècle)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pese a estar en francés, da algunas pistas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corominas [autor del  &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua&#xA;  castellana&lt;/em&gt;] hace derivar la palabra &lt;em&gt;garito&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;garita&lt;/em&gt; (la cual&#xA;  proviene del francés &lt;em&gt;guérite&lt;/em&gt;, donde ha conservado el sentido),&#xA;  derivación que se explica por el parecido de &quot;la guarida de los&#xA;  tahures&quot; con &quot;el escondite del soldado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más adelante señala que el autor del siglo XVII Francisco Luque Fajardo no usó el término &lt;em&gt;garito&lt;/em&gt; pero sí &lt;em&gt;garitero&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tablajero [dueño de casa de juego] de casa pequeña y gente miserable&quot;) haciéndolo provenir de &lt;em&gt;garita&lt;/em&gt;: según él, unos &quot;estrechos aposentillos de galera&quot;, interpretación que parece no fue compartida por ningún lexicógrafo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, supongo que habrá que tomar como mayor autoridad a Corominas, cuya etimología es la que menciona el Diccionario de la RAE, mientras que las etimologías vascas y la de Luque Fajardo son curiosidades; y la tranformación de garita en garito obedecería entonces a lo que el primero menciona: el parecido entre &quot;el escondite del soldado&quot; con &quot;la guarida de los tahúres&quot;. Tal vez alguien que tenga acceso a alguna edición del diccionario de Corominas pueda citar la entrada relevante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T10:12:20.373" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T10:12:20.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15132" CreationDate="2015-10-25T14:48:30.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, &lt;em&gt;darse un pase&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;s&gt;esnifar&lt;/s&gt; inhalar cocaína. &lt;em&gt;Ponerse un pasón&lt;/em&gt;, es una variante de dicha expresión, en la cual se utiliza un aumentativo de &lt;em&gt;pase&lt;/em&gt;, no sé si correcta o incorrectamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un pase&lt;/em&gt;, es la dosis de cocaína que se &lt;s&gt;esnifa&lt;/s&gt; inhala de una vez. También se le conoce como &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;raya&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T11:54:32.890" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T11:54:32.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15155" CreationDate="2015-10-25T18:15:38.567" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedipus_complex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this sentence&lt;/a&gt; into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The term Oedipus complex explains the emotions and ideas that the mind keeps in the unconscious, via dynamic repression, that concentrates upon a child's desire to have sexual relations with the parent of the opposite sex .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término &quot;complejo de Edipo&quot; explica las emociones e ideas que la mente mantiene en el inconsciente , a través de la represión dinámica que se concentra en el deseo de un niño para tener relaciones sexuales con el progenitor del sexo opuesto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11107" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T18:59:09.247" Title="The term Oedipus complex explains" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15154" CreationDate="2015-10-25T18:52:14.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;... que se concentra en el deseo de un niño &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; tener relaciones ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One reference I've found to support the use of &quot;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asexuality.org/sp/wiki/index.php?title=Deseo_sexual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Deseo sexual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe using &quot;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;&quot; indicates &quot;for whom&quot;, more than &quot;with&quot;. As in &quot;&lt;em&gt;en el deseo de un niño de salud &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; su padre&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="1527" LastEditDate="2015-10-25T18:59:09.247" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T18:59:09.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15159" CreationDate="2015-10-25T23:30:03.867" Score="3" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that sometimes at can be translated to &quot;a&quot; instead of &quot;en,&quot; and I think that I have a pretty good idea of when to use which, but, even after doing some diligent Googling, I can't seem to figure out what the rule is, if there is any. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I went to leave my friend &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; the airport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui a dejar a mi amigo &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We're going through security &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; the airport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasamos por seguridad &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; el aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any rule that says when which preposition should be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T03:33:45.687" Title="When to translate &quot;at&quot; to &quot;a&quot; instead of &quot;en&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15157" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15330" CreationDate="2015-10-26T01:02:10.213" Score="3" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say in Spanish :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I learn Spanish by reading short stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendo español leyendo cuentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11107" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T10:01:09.527" Title="I learn Spanish by reading short stories" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15156" CreationDate="2015-10-26T03:25:06.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make a question for each sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fui &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; dejar a mi amigo. ¿&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; dónde? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasamos &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; seguridad. ¿&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; dónde? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; el aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fui a dejar a mi amigo en el aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are saying that you left your friend somewere but in the airport as if you were using a car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fui a dejar a mi amigo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en el coche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You used the car to leave your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasamos por seguridad al aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didin't passed throught security, the airport is the one who is passing throught security by your action. Or you went to the airport to get some security or picking up security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can understand, use &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; if the action ends in the place or thing and &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; if the action occurs in the place or thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuimos a la tienda. Ends in the store&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compramos en la tienda. Happened in the store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T03:33:45.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15160" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-26T07:52:28.793" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yesterday I was eating in a Spanish restaurant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had finished drinking my glass of water and I wanted to get more so I said, &quot;Ya tomé mi agua&quot; to the waiter. He corrected me by saying &quot;Ya posó mi agua.&quot; (I probably should have said,&quot;Ya terminé mi agua.&quot;)      Did I hear him correctly? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did he use the Preterite third person singular of the verb posar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the usage of posar in that context mean literally &quot;lay to rest&quot; and, at the same time, mean figuratively &quot;finish.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In American English one can say that one finished his drink by saying &quot;I killed off my drink.&quot; Using the word kill in that context means something more like &quot;lay to rest&quot; rather than any overtly aggressive action towards one's drink. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11027" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T14:47:30.683" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T16:05:05.900" Title="An interesting correction by a native Spanish speaker" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15147" CreationDate="2015-10-26T09:10:23.050" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Merced significa &quot;gracia&quot;. Vuestra merced sería el equivalente en español a &quot;your grace&quot;. Se utilizaba para Dios o la realeza, dado el supuesto origen divino de la misma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, vuestra merced significa más o menos lo mismo que vuestra magnificencia. Vuestra merced se contrajo a Vsted, lo que hoy en día es usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T01:49:13.887" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T01:49:13.887" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2015-10-26T10:14:07.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me fijé ahora en la definición de &quot;a&quot; en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=002rZ9U%7C003Ov93&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. con. Quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que clarifica la pregunta al ver que, en este caso, la frase es equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien a hierro mata, &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; hierro muere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T10:14:07.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15165" CreationDate="2015-10-26T12:23:29.883" Score="4" ViewCount="9992" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien es bastante pícaro, se usa la frase &quot;ser un pájaro&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuidado con el frutero, siempre intenta colarte fruta demasiado&#xA;  madura. ¡Es un pájaro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE da como segunda acepción de pájaro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=p%C3%A1jaro&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pájaro, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. passar 'pájaro', y este del lat. passer, -ĕris&#xA;  'gorrión'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona astuta y con muy pocos escrúpulos. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿por qué &quot;pájaro&quot; tiene tal mala connotación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T15:01:42.367" Title="¿Por qué es malo &quot;ser un pájaro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15164" CreationDate="2015-10-26T15:01:42.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PAXARO. Metaphoricamente se toma por astúto, sagaz y cauteloso, con alusión al gorrión, que se juzga el más astúto de las aves. Latín. Sagax. Callidus. &lt;em&gt;—RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=60065&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA%5FINDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA%5Fform%2Ehtml&quot;&gt;Diccionario de autoridades, tomo V (1737)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien la astucia, la sagacidad y la cautela no son de por sí cualidades negativas; sí que son cualidades necesarias para ser un pícaro y salir airoso. Con sentido negativo ya se recoge como mínimo en el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hombre de cuenta ó pájaro de cuenta:  El reo de gran cuidado o a algún facineroso terrible. &lt;em&gt;—Roque Barcia, 1880&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Debo confesar, puesto que no soy un pájaro, que todo este trabajo de documentación lo ha hecho un escritor llamado Arturo Ortega Morán, y yo me he limitado a coger los extractos relevantes de &lt;a href=&quot;https://capsuladelengua.wordpress.com/2008/09/28/pajaro-de-cuenta/&quot;&gt;la entrada correspondiente de su blog&lt;/a&gt;, que recomiendo visitar para saber qué significa «de cuenta».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T15:01:42.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15160" CreationDate="2015-10-26T16:04:30.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, he used the preterite third person singular of the verb &quot;posar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're also right because the usage of &quot;posar&quot; in that context mean literally &quot;lay to rest&quot;. Nevertheles it does not mean &quot;finish&quot; even if you are talking in a figurative way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the idea that you heared wrong because &quot;ya posó mi agua&quot; makes no sense at all in Spanish. He maybe said something like &quot;¿ya puso mi agua?&quot; (did you put mi water?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with DGaleano and you should use the &quot;podria darme más agua/ quiero más agua/ sirva más agua por favor&quot; way of asking for water instead the figurative way of doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11121" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T16:17:34.187" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T16:17:34.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="251" CreationDate="2015-10-26T16:52:49.133" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usted is derived from &quot;vusted&quot;, an archaic shortening of &quot;Vuestra Merced&quot;, an old Spanish way of saying [lit.] &quot;your mercy&quot; (similar to the honorific &quot;your grace&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the Diccionario de la lengua española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=usted&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aféreris de &lt;em&gt;vusted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt; at the beginning disappears into the syllable when said aloud, and so eventually disappeared, it seems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11122" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T14:50:27.567" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T14:50:27.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16491" CreationDate="2015-10-26T20:18:45.597" Score="6" ViewCount="27766" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish teacher from last year told me that &quot;me gusta&quot; and &quot;a mí me gusta&quot; mean the same thing: I like. However, &quot;me gusta&quot; is a more simple way to say it. &#xA;As an example, she told us that &quot;I'm&quot; is the same thing as saying &quot;I am,&quot; but it's more simple. Therefore, it's the same with &quot;me gusta&quot; and &quot;a mí me gusta.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this year, my new Spanish teacher tends to use &quot;a mí me gusta&quot; a lot, and I believe she thinks that &quot;me gusta&quot; is wrong, or at least &quot;a mí me gusta&quot; is a better way to say &quot;I like.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who's correct? Are they really the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11123" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T05:49:29.107" Title="What is the difference between &quot;me gusta&quot; and &quot;a mí me gusta?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15170" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15171" CreationDate="2015-10-26T20:54:38.333" Score="0" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I learned how to conjugate Spanish verbs that end in -ar. (camin&lt;strong&gt;ar&lt;/strong&gt;, pin&lt;strong&gt;tar&lt;/strong&gt;, trabaj&lt;strong&gt;ar&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.) However, I never learned how to conjugate a verb that ends in -er. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that 'caminar' in third person would turn into 'camina.' For example: &quot;Ella &lt;em&gt;camina&lt;/em&gt; en el parque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would 'correr' be in third person? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella &lt;em&gt;fill in with correct answer&lt;/em&gt; en el parque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11123" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T21:42:26.267" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T21:42:26.267" Title="What would &quot;correr&quot; be in third person?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15170" CreationDate="2015-10-26T21:40:17.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just &quot;corre&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella corre en el parque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb correr is conjugated as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;              SINGULAR    PLURAL&#xA;1st person    corro       corremos&#xA;2nd    &quot;      corres      corréis&#xA;3rd    &quot;      corre       corren&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also get the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esfacil.eu/es/verbos/conjugacion/237-correr.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;full conjugation&lt;/a&gt; in this link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T21:40:17.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2015-10-26T21:57:02.630" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A mí me gustaría&lt;/em&gt; pensar que son lo mismo. Sin embargo, esto incide en una cosa que &lt;em&gt;me gusta&lt;/em&gt; mucho del castellano: que tiene muchos matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bromas aparte, sí tiene diferencia, aunque no mucha. Como toda frase, el orden y el uso de pronombres matiza su sonido y sentido. Si decimos &quot;a mí&quot; es como cuando en inglés se empieza con un &quot;to me&quot;: connota que es algo muy personal, poniendo el acento en ese hecho en posible contraposición a  la opinión de el resto de la gente. Cuando no se usa &quot;me gusta&quot; a secas puede tener una connotación menos polémica, como una expresión de preferencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí un par de ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No te gusta mi amiga? Pues a mí me gusta y mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta levantarme tarde los fines de semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T08:26:43.323" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T08:26:43.323" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2015-10-26T22:08:37.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You're right, the two phrases mean exactly the same thing.&lt;/strong&gt; You can use either, but I think it's more common to hear it like your teacher speaks it. Let me explain what that extra part does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; literally means &lt;em&gt;to please&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta la comida. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;The food pleases me.&lt;/em&gt; (I like the food.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you add the extra &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt;, it clarifies whom is being pleased&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta le comida. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;The food pleases me.&lt;/em&gt; (I like the food.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two sentences mean exactly the same thing, but with the extra part &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt;, you are clarifying whom is being pleased. You may ask why that is necessary, because the pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; already specifies the subject as &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;. Well consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; gusta la comida. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;The food pleases &lt;strong&gt;him/her/it&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;strong&gt;He/she/it&lt;/strong&gt; likes the food.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who exactly likes the food? To avoid confusion the extra part is added and you can see it clarifies who exactly is the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ella&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta la comida. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;The food pleases &lt;strong&gt;her&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;strong&gt;She&lt;/strong&gt; likes the food.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A Samuel&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta la comida. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;The food pleases &lt;strong&gt;her&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;strong&gt;Samuel&lt;/strong&gt; likes the food.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T22:14:27.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15175" CreationDate="2015-10-26T22:17:05.717" Score="6" ViewCount="11465" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;pasto&quot;, &quot;césped&quot; y &quot;prado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál palabra se usa para hablar acerca de las partes verdes en una ciudad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T12:44:04.740" LastActivityDate="2020-01-07T15:01:08.683" Title="&quot;Pasto&quot; vs. &quot;césped&quot; vs. &quot;prado&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2015-10-26T22:48:29.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veamos qué dice el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=prado&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;prado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. pratum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Tierra muy húmeda o de regadío, en la cual se deja crecer o se siembra la hierba para pasto de los ganados.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Sitio ameno que sirve de paseo en algunas poblaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=c%C3%A9sped&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;césped&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De céspede, y este del lat. caespes, -ĭtis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Hierba menuda y tupida que cubre el suelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Dep. Terreno de juego con hierba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S6GrLPI%7CS6HgApw%7CS6HlWLD&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;pasto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. pastus 'pastura'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Hierba que el ganado pace en el mismo terreno donde se cría.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cosa que sirve para el sustento del animal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Sitio en que pasta el ganado. U. m. en pl. Galicia tiene buenos pastos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Arg., Col., Méx. y Ur. césped (‖ hierba menuda).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, pasto y césped son sinónimos en Argentina, Colombia y México. En ambos casos, se refiere a la hierba en sí, más que el lugar -a menos que sea para algo deportivo. Por otro lado, prado sí tiene la connotación de lugar (véase la acepción segunda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, yo usaría &quot;prado&quot; para referirme a la parte verde de una ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T22:48:29.527" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15185" CreationDate="2015-10-27T00:43:47.953" Score="2" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allaboutgod.com/truth-topics/kindness.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this sentence&lt;/a&gt; into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;May the LORD reward you for your kindness&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que Dios te recompense por tu amabilidad .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11107" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T18:24:54.943" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T18:24:54.943" Title="May the LORD reward you for your kindness" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-10-27T20:00:06.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15179" CreationDate="2015-10-27T09:49:49.337" Score="2" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en un caso se usa el subjuntivo y en el otro el indicativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El bus no pasa por ninguna estación que me sirv&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna estación del bus me sirv&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay estación del bus que me sirv&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T10:54:55.340" Title="Subjuntivo vs. Indicativo: &quot;estación que me sirve/sirva&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15178" CreationDate="2015-10-27T10:54:55.340" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como norma más o menos sencilla: cuando una oración subordinada se introduce mediante el relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, el verbo va en indicativo si se habla de algo concreto y conocido, en subjuntivo si no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos primero y tercero, puesto que ninguna estación sirve, no se habla de ninguna estación concreta ni conocida, así que el verbo debe ir en subjuntivo. En la segunda oración va en indicativo porque no hay subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las oraciones negativas nunca hablamos de un caso concreto, puesto que no existe. Pero podemos tener el mismo caso en oraciones afirmativas. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coche que me gusta tiene llantas de aleación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coche que me guste debe tener llantas de aleación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso, hay un coche concreto que me gusta, y ese coche tiene llantas de aleación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo, digo que debe tener esa característica para poder gustarme, pero no me refiero a ninguno en concreto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero que venga se llevará un premio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No sé quién será esa persona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero que viene se llama Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Estoy viendo a esa persona y hablo de ella en concreto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T10:54:55.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15344" CreationDate="2015-10-27T12:18:55.427" Score="5" ViewCount="1150" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sea lo que sea, fuera lo que fuera, haga lo que haga&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llaman las construcciones de este tipo? ¿Hay algún término gramatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-11-15T15:44:51.937" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T15:44:51.937" Title="¿De qué tipo de tipo de oración subordinada son &quot;Sea lo que sea&quot;, &quot;fuera lo que fuera&quot;, &quot;haga lo que haga&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15183" CreationDate="2015-10-27T12:37:00.183" Score="7" ViewCount="1033" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just stumbled upon &quot;diario&quot; and &quot;periódico&quot; while extending my vocabulary. Both mean &lt;em&gt;newspaper&lt;/em&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any context in which just one fits? Can they be used interchangeably?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7063" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T14:39:41.343" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T14:39:41.343" Title="Can &quot;diario&quot; and &quot;periódico&quot; be used interchangeably?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15181" CreationDate="2015-10-27T12:44:27.727" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Periódico&lt;/code&gt; is a newspaper published periodically, with the period not specified. But also can be used as &lt;code&gt;diario&lt;/code&gt;. According to RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 adj. Dicho de un impreso: Que se publica con determinados intervalos de tiempo. U. m. c. s. m.&#xA;  6 m. Publicación que sale diariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Diario&lt;/code&gt; is a newspaper published daily. According to RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Periódico que se publica todos los días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, a &lt;code&gt;diario&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;periódico&lt;/code&gt;, and both can be used to refer to a newspaper published on a daily basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have the word &lt;code&gt;semanario&lt;/code&gt; to specify a publication published every week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastEditorUserId="295" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T12:52:29.517" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T12:52:29.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15181" CreationDate="2015-10-27T12:47:58.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Periódico&lt;/em&gt; means periodic, that is, periodic, regular, recurring.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diario&lt;/em&gt; means daily.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, &lt;em&gt;diario&lt;/em&gt; is something more strict that &lt;em&gt;periódico&lt;/em&gt; because the first refers to a daily periodic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, currently both are used almost interchangeably and so DRAE states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=peri%C3%B3dico&amp;amp;m=form&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;periódico, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. periodĭcus, y este del gr. περιοδικός periodikós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que guarda período determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que se repite con frecuencia a intervalos determinados.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un impreso: Que se publica con determinados intervalos de tiempo. U. m. c. s. m.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Publicación que sale diariamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=diario&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;diario, ria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. diarium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Correspondiente a todos los días. Rutina, comida diaria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Relato de lo que ha sucedido día por día. Escribe un diario íntimo. Los diarios de Jovellanos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Libro o cuaderno donde se lleva un diario.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Periódico que se publica todos los días.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot think in any periódico that is not diario. You can find semanarios, etc, but nowadays I haven't heard of the use of periódico to refer to something that is not a diario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T12:47:58.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15181" CreationDate="2015-10-27T13:55:47.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use both of them as they mean almost the same, but I would suggest you to use &lt;strong&gt;periódico&lt;/strong&gt; because any &lt;strong&gt;periódico&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;diario&lt;/strong&gt; but there are other type of &lt;strong&gt;diarios&lt;/strong&gt; that are not &lt;strong&gt;periódicos&lt;/strong&gt; like a little girl's diary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11132" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T14:06:48.710" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T14:06:48.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15176" CreationDate="2015-10-27T14:41:55.873" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation is correct, however &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios = God&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Lord = El Señor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a more exact translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Que El Señor recompense tu amabilidad.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or a a longer version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Que El Señor te recompense por tu amabilidad&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T14:41:55.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15223" CreationDate="2015-10-27T14:59:01.657" Score="13" ViewCount="7257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escribí &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/15172/1674&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; hace poco y Gorpik me corrigió una frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bromas &lt;em&gt;a parte&lt;/em&gt;, sí tiene diferencia, aunque no mucha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejándola (correctamente) en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bromas &lt;strong&gt;aparte&lt;/strong&gt;, sí tiene diferencia, aunque no mucha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo (espero :D) no ser el único que se confunde al respecto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Podría alguien explicar cuál es la regla general?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería interesante crear alguna respuesta que se pueda usar de referencia para el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el interesante artículo de Fundéu, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/aparte-a-parte/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;«aparte» no es lo mismo que «a parte»&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T12:27:08.370" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T12:27:08.370" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;aparte&quot; y cuándo &quot;a parte&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2015-10-27T15:50:07.023" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy originario de la costa Caribe, en esta región lo usamos cuando queremos decir que alguien está loco en el buen sentido de la palabra, extrovertido sobre todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11134" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T16:00:02.310" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T16:00:02.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15209" CreationDate="2015-10-27T17:13:46.253" Score="6" ViewCount="16157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;em&gt;bajar la Santamaría&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;cerrar una tienda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11133" LastEditorUserId="11133" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T11:19:00.660" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:39:52.797" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;bajar la santamaría&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T19:38:37.590" Score="1" ViewCount="1324" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.msn.com/es-co/entretenimiento/noticias/28-pel%C3%ADculas-que-destruyeron-la-carrera-de-sus-protagonistas/ss-BBmtLMw?OCID=mailsignoutes#image=15&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;noticia&lt;/a&gt; se encuentra la siguiente línea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...su estudiada simpatía la convirtió en la &lt;strong&gt;Juana la Beltraneja&lt;/strong&gt; de Hollywood.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juana_la_Beltraneja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Juana la Beltraneja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; fue un personaje histórico; sin embargo, desconozco el origen, uso y significado de este nombre como calificativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:25:56.300" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de la expresión &quot;Juana la Beltraneja&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:13:39.763" Score="2" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused to what verb I should conjugate in this sentence. Should I translate this sentence to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué debo comer a mantenerse sano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since &quot;should&quot; appears before &quot;eat&quot;, or should I translate it to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué deber como a mantenerse sano?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since &quot;I&quot; appears before the verb &quot;eat&quot;? If I made any extra mistakes, can you please inform me. I am very new to the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11138" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T20:27:03.207" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T04:11:32.683" Title="translate the phrase &quot;What should I eat to stay healthy?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15191" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:25:56.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jamás había oído &quot;Juana la Beltrananeja&quot; o siquiera &quot;la Beltraneja&quot; usado así como calificativo (que no fuera para el personaje histórico). Si dices de alguien que &quot;es un Einstein&quot; probablemente todos entendemos que es un tipo muy listo. Juana la Belatraneja es un personaje un poco más oscuro y hay que conocer al personaje para saber lo que quiere decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Citando de la noticia a la que haces referencia, se explica que hay una especie de &quot;ola de odio&quot; hacia la actriz por &quot;&lt;em&gt;Su estudiada cara de sorpresa cada vez que ganaba un premio, su estudiada simpatía&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que &quot;&lt;em&gt;la convirtió en la Juana la Beltraneja de Hollywood&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la referencia a LA Beltraneja en el articulo de wikipedia, podemos ver cómo esta mujer fue despojada de todos sus títulos. En especial el apartado de &quot;posteridad&quot; nos dice que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sus descendientes intentaron borrar de la memoria histórica la existencia de Juana y la sombra de ilegitimidad que arrojaba sobre la reina Isabel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que era un personaje no muy querido. Insisto, no creo que sea una expresión común, sino más bien una comparación con un personaje histórico algo rebuscada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Anne Hathaway, según la noticia, le ha pasado como a la Beltraneja. Parece que muchos se han cansado de ella y tratan de apartarla o ignorarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:25:56.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15192" CreationDate="2015-10-27T21:14:59.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't follow your two different rationales, but in any case the correct translation is:&#xA;Qué debo comer &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; mantener&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; sano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional mistakes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'To' here means 'in order to', which is translated as 'para'. &#xA;'To' in the sense of 'towards' would be translated as 'a'. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mantener&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; the reflexive is in the first person.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9553" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T21:14:59.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15195" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-28T03:06:03.567" Score="11" ViewCount="930" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I speak about my pet rats in Spanish?  Firstly, do I understand correctly that &quot;rata&quot; means &quot;rat&quot; and &quot;ratón&quot; means &quot;mouse&quot;?  I also realize that &quot;rato&quot; means &quot;a short while,&quot; so does that mean that even male rats are spoken of in the feminine gender in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, would I say &quot;tengo una rata hembra y tres ratas machas&quot;?  And if I started to speak about &quot;mi rata Miguél&quot; do I then switch to the masculine or continue speaking of him in the feminine?  I would never say &quot;rata macho&quot; would I?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11140" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T12:44:34.240" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T19:22:03.770" Title="Correct terminology for male/female animals" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15195" CreationDate="2015-10-28T03:51:08.687" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rata&lt;/em&gt; means rat and is always feminine, while &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; means mouse and is always masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; are actually nouns (not adjectives) that are used in juxtaposition with the base animal.  Therefore, you'll always use &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt;, regardless the gender of the base noun.  This happens with a number of animal species, such as with &lt;em&gt;tiburón&lt;/em&gt; (always masculine) or &lt;em&gt;pantera&lt;/em&gt; (always feminine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because they're juxtaposed nouns (rather than adjectives), when following a plural noun, there is considerable variability amongst speakers as to whether the one should use &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;machos&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;hembras&lt;/em&gt; (specifically, with &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=rata%20macho%2C%20rata%20hembra%2C%20ratas%20macho%2C%20ratas%20machos%2C%20ratas%20hembra%2C%20ratas%20hembras&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Crata%20macho%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Crata%20hembra%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cratas%20macho%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cratas%20machos%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cratas%20hembra%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cratas%20hembras%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;respect to &lt;em&gt;ratas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; is preferred to &lt;em&gt;machos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hembras&lt;/em&gt; more than &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt;, go figure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer the last bit, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una rata hembra y tres ratas macho(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially the sentence, strictly speaking, should be &amp;quot;Mi rata Miguel es simpática&amp;quot; agreeing in feminine, but after that, it would be quite common to say something like &amp;quot;él también puede ser muy antipático si no le doy de comer con tres veces al día&amp;quot;.  It's literally just the word &lt;em&gt;rata&lt;/em&gt; that's feminine, any other time, you're talking about him, not the animal (which sounds a bit weird, I know).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T15:57:34.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3124" CreationDate="2015-10-28T11:57:58.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Chingar&quot; does not seem to be a common equivalent for the English word &quot;Fuck&quot; at least on HBO Latino.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listen to a lot of movies dubbed into Mexican Spanish on HBO Latino and I have only heard &quot;chingar&quot; used once.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Go fuck yourself&quot; seems to be more frequently expressed using the verb &quot;Pudrir&quot; in the sense of Go Rot --púdrete-- and &quot;Totally fucked&quot; is expressed using the verb &quot;Joder&quot; --estoy totalmente jodido--.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe &quot;Chingar&quot; is considered too crude for HBO Latino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this is helpful and on topic. I am far from being any expert on Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11027" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T12:19:34.067" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T12:19:34.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15192" CreationDate="2015-10-28T13:08:05.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is used to give advice. In this case, you're giving yourself an advice an not an obligation.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is for a personal obligation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué debería comer para mantenerme sano?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ¿Qué debería comer para quedarme sano? (Literal translation of the verb &lt;strong&gt;stay&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ¿Qué debería comer para estar sano? (Most common way to say this.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that by using &lt;strong&gt;mantener&lt;/strong&gt;, we require to write &lt;strong&gt;mantenerme&lt;/strong&gt; in order to specify who we are talking to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué debería comer para mantener sano? (It shows the advice for oneself but it doesn't specify which part of the body to be healthy.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ¿Qué debería comer para mantenerme sano? (It shows the advice for onself and specifies the whole body.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T04:11:32.683" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T04:11:32.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15202" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:33:19.290" Score="5" ViewCount="19521" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba viendo ayer un vídeo de un programa de televisión de México y me fijé que usaban con frecuencia &quot;platicar&quot; para refererise a &quot;hablar&quot; o &quot;conversar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consulté el DRAE y vi la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=platicar&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;platicar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De practicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. conversar (‖ hablar). U. t. c. tr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me surgió entonces la duda: ¿son palabras completamente equivalentes, la una propia del dialecto mexicano y la otra genérica, o existe algún matiz entre ellas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T15:49:46.543" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T08:44:48.427" Title="¿Es lo mismo &quot;platicar&quot; que &quot;conversar&quot; o &quot;hablar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15201" CreationDate="2015-10-28T16:16:17.267" Score="6" ViewCount="4165" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés tenemos ciertas palabras que se usa más a referirse al género de los humanos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;man/woman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boy/girl&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no usamos esas palabras para referirse a animales. Para animales usaríamos más &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;female.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos palabras como &lt;em&gt;varón, hembra, macho, muchacho, muchacha, hombre, mujer, etc.&lt;/em&gt; ¿Hay ciertos usos para esas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado de algunos que no debería usar &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; para los humanos, porque se usa esas palabras solo para animales. Pero yo sé que a veces las reglas son diferentes entre diferentes países, por eso quisiera saber lo que ustedes piensan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T08:25:45.257" Title="Diferencias en palabras de género entre humanos y animales" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:13:47.793" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;De todas las alternativas que mencionas, sólo &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; pueden aplicarse a animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muchacho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muchacha&lt;/em&gt; son exclusivas de los humanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; se aplican a humanos suelen tener una connotación sexista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:13:47.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15199" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:58:48.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos platicar, conversar, hablar, (a veces hasta charlar), suelen ser utilizados de manera indistinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en su forma sustantiva solo suele usarse, plática, conversación, charla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ellos tuvieron una plática.&#xA;Ellos tuvieron una conversación.&#xA;Ellos tuvieron una charla.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México, charla suele usarse en un sentido más formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11145" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:58:48.643" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15206" CreationDate="2015-10-28T19:00:00.873" Score="4" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Que semana larga' seems way too literal. Perhaps there is a completely different phrase for expressing a long week/day at work/ etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11148" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T18:42:51.763" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:42:51.763" Title="¡Qué semana larga! What is the correct idiom for &quot;What a long week!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15204" CreationDate="2015-10-28T19:11:43.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can use &lt;strong&gt;long&lt;/strong&gt; to say that something is exhausting, specially when talking about work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡Qué semana cansadora/agotadora/agobiante!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡Qué semana tan cansadora!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also add &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt; to increase the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T19:11:43.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15204" CreationDate="2015-10-28T19:54:21.020" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it just needs a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=m%C3%A1s&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; adverb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué día/semana &lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt; largo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the link above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 (adverbio comparativo). tanto (‖ &lt;strong&gt;pondera la intensidad de la cualidad&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; weighs the intensity of the quality&lt;/sub&gt;). ¡Qué casa más bonita tienes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That helps to convey that this day/week &lt;em&gt;seems&lt;/em&gt; longer than what it really is (or other regular days/weeks) because it is too boring, there's a lot of work to do, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué casa más bonita - What a beautiful house&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué casa más limpia - What a clean house&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué semana más larga - What a long week &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué vestido más atrevido - What a bold dress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué tipo más insolente - What an insolent guy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T20:01:31.987" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T20:01:31.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15208" CreationDate="2015-10-28T20:04:48.647" Score="6" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the Spanish word for whinny (horses' sound) would be 'relincho' but I can't seem to find the correct translation for nicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definition of nicker according to Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(a horse) give a soft breathy whinny. (verb)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a soft whinnying sound. (noun)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English these two things evoke very different feelings, a horse might nicker as a greeting or to show he is content, while a whinny is much more urgent, caused by fear or a call to other horses that are out of sight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to translate this difference into Spanish other than just saying &lt;strong&gt;'relincho suave'&lt;/strong&gt;? I'm based in Argentina but would be interested in a translation in any dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11149" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-21T20:54:25.443" LastActivityDate="2020-12-21T20:54:25.443" Title="Differentiate 'whinny' and 'nicker' in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15207" CreationDate="2015-10-29T01:59:34.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I have heard to say about horses (probably among others) that they&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;relinchan (neigh)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bufan (snort)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;resoplan&lt;/strong&gt; (snort / puff / wheeze)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if those translations ara completely accurate, but a &lt;code&gt;resoplido&lt;/code&gt; is less intense than a &lt;code&gt;relincho&lt;/code&gt;, so you may go with that for those &quot;soft whinnying sound&quot; a horse does when it is content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T01:59:34.007" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15190" CreationDate="2015-10-29T02:04:27.423" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto, es una expresión propia de Venezuela, donde por alguna razón que desconozco, a las cortinas enrollables metálicas las llaman &quot;puertas Santa María&quot;, como puede verse en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=7QtTX3HNC-kC&amp;amp;pg=PA62&amp;amp;dq=%22bajar%20la%20santamar%C3%ADa%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22bajar%20la%20santamar%C3%ADa%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este libro&lt;/a&gt; o en tiendas online de Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T02:04:27.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T07:39:47.010" Score="4" ViewCount="2863" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend (woman) originating from Honduras asked me via mobile message how I was doing, to which I answered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muy bien, y tu?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Her answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bien grax amigui&lt;/strong&gt; que tengas un dia muy bonita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;grax&lt;/strong&gt; is an abbreviation for &lt;strong&gt;gracias&lt;/strong&gt;, but why &lt;strong&gt;amigui&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;amigo&lt;/strong&gt;? (I am a guy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the difference compared with just using &quot;amigo&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a particular nuance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a bit humorous?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9140" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T13:21:44.943" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T08:55:53.780" Title="Using &quot;amigui&quot; instead of &quot;amigo&quot;: Bien grax amigui" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;honduras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15204" CreationDate="2015-10-29T07:47:43.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we would need an intensifier in that sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué semana &lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt; larga / Qué semana &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt; larga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I would use the &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; version, but it is a matter of personal preference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, we also have a pretty idiomatic expression for that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué larga se me está haciendo la semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was to comment with my workmate, I would probably say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Aún estamos a miércoles? ¡Qué larga se me está haciendo la semana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Still Wednesday? What a long week!&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T07:47:43.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-29T09:10:04.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Amigui is like amigo but in a more affectionate way. &quot;Amigui&quot; as a word doesn't exist and I never used it, but in Spain we use to say &quot;coleguis&quot; instead of &quot;colegas&quot; (buddies) with the same nuance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T09:10:04.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-29T09:42:13.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is something I've started to hear recently, also in Spain. I think &lt;code&gt;amigui&lt;/code&gt; is an abbreviation for &lt;code&gt;amiguito&lt;/code&gt; which is, as JesusS says in his answer, more affectionate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T09:42:13.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-29T13:04:10.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amigui&lt;/strong&gt; is not the short form for &lt;strong&gt;amiguito&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amigui&lt;/strong&gt; is used for a more tender way to express &lt;strong&gt;amigo(a)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T13:04:10.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4025" CreationDate="2015-10-29T14:10:39.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se trata de usos localizados, aunque es cierto que el DRAE recoge muchos de ellos, suele esperar a que tales lleguen a tener un uso bastante extenso (al menos en la última actualización, era casi el criterio con más peso: el número de países en que disfruta de uso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los demás usos y términos, ASALE tiene un excelente &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;. En él, topamos la siguiente entrada saliente de Honduras, Panamá y Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;determinar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.1.tr.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ho, Pa, Co.&lt;/em&gt; Prestar atención de forma patente a una persona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal acepción encaja bien con el ejemplo proveído: &lt;em&gt;ella no me determina&lt;/em&gt; se podría decir en un lenguaje panhispánico &lt;em&gt;ella no me presta atención&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ella no me hace caso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T08:13:36.533" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T08:13:36.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15216" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15221" CreationDate="2015-10-29T16:52:53.510" Score="2" ViewCount="1103" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra cereal, o cereales, define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;gramíneas, herbáceas cuyos granos o semillas están en la base de la alimentación&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de forma usual, lo que se come en un tazón de leche cada mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si decimos &quot;quiero comer cereales&quot; entendemos que queremos tomar algún tipo de cereal procesado para mezclar con leche, y no, por ejemplo, un platazo de arroz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿hay alguna forma de denominar a este componente del desayuno de una forma única e inequívoca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T13:52:37.123" Title="¿Cómo se distinguen los &quot;cereales&quot; del desayuno de las gramíneas?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-30T08:48:47.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Amigui:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;friend = amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dude = amigui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same &quot;amigo&quot;, but with a more affectionate, as in the case of cat touch, kity, something good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;denotes trust&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T08:48:47.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2015-10-30T08:59:40.940" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es un poco &quot;ingenua&quot;: supongo que no se habla inglés igual en todo el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No por nada en EE. UU. se dice &quot;mom&quot; y en el Reino Unido &quot;mum&quot;. Así mismo, las formas de hablar varían entre países, y modismos locales, por la historia, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no es que aquí seamos indios que aprendimos español de los españoles, es que somos descendientes de ellos, heredamos su idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema con la S, la C, y la Z, viene desde la misma España: en regiones como Castilla y Madrid, se usa mucho la &quot;distinción&quot;; en otras zonas de España como Andalucía y las Canarias se usa el &quot;seseo&quot;, y en otras regiones el &quot;ceceo&quot;. Así mismo ocurrió en América, no es nada del otro mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is a little &quot;naive&quot;, I guess the same is not English speakers around the world ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It not for nothing in USA &quot;mom&quot; is said and UK &quot;mum&quot;, also, the ways&#xA;  of speaking vary between countries and local idioms, the story ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not that here we Indians learned Spanish, Spanish, is that we are descendants of them inherited their language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue with the S, C, and Z, comes from the same regions in Spain ... as Castile and Madrid, is widely used the &quot;distinción&quot; in other areas of Spain as Andalusia and the Canary Islands using &quot;seseo&quot; and in other regions the &quot;ceceo&quot;, also happened in America ... is not no big deal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T15:16:40.720" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:16:40.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15220" CreationDate="2015-10-30T12:14:59.597" Score="4" ViewCount="1013" Body="&lt;p&gt;While in Chile I heard the idiom &lt;em&gt;venir de maleta&lt;/em&gt;.  I was told that it means something along the lines of &quot;to be angry,&quot; but I'm not seeing any evidence of this online.  It's theoretically possible that I misheard, but I don't think so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, my questions: What does the phrase mean?  Does it have shades of meaning not covered by &lt;em&gt;enojarse&lt;/em&gt;? And is it used outside Chile as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T18:02:21.740" Title="What does the idiom &quot;venir de maleta&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15219" CreationDate="2015-10-30T12:38:36.410" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had never heard this expression. Upon research I could find that the expression does not only use &quot;venir&quot; but also &quot;estar&quot;, &quot;andar&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I found out that DRAE has a mention to it, in which it indicates that it is typical from Chile, no other countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=maleta&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;maleta&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Persona que practica con torpeza o desacierto la profesión que ejerce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Mal torero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Guat. Persona perversa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a la maleta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Chile. a traición. Le pegó a la maleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;andar alguien de maletas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Chile. Estar de mal humor.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, &quot;maleta&quot; has this connotation of &quot;dumb&quot;, so a translation would be like &quot;acting dumb&quot;, which in some cases can be seen as &quot;acting bad &#xA;tempered&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think it is a synonym of &lt;em&gt;enojarse&lt;/em&gt;, since this means to get angry, probably as a result of something. However, in this case is most likely to refer to a continuous feeling: you wake up and feel bad tempered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T12:38:36.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15216" CreationDate="2015-10-30T13:45:14.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La comunicación entre dos personas incluye un emisor, un receptor y un contexto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo de estos 3 factores puede darse lugar a interpretaciones y cambios de significado. Sin embargo siendo nativo de Latinoamérica no puedo imaginarme ningún contexto en el cual alguien diga &lt;code&gt;Quiero desayunar cereales&lt;/code&gt; y otra persona le pregunte &lt;code&gt;¿Quieres que te traiga un plato de arroz?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la respuesta que buscas es si &quot;existe una manera inequívoca&quot; pues sí existe. Tienes que decir una frase mas larga explicando específicamente la clase de cereales que quieres para eliminar la ambigüedad del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero comer para el desayuno una mezcla de cereales que incluya&#xA;  hojuelas de maíz tostado, cebada, avena y trigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es obvio que esto suena ridículo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estando de viaje por latinoamerica te preguntan &lt;code&gt;¿Qué quiere desayunar?&lt;/code&gt; y contestas &lt;code&gt;Cereales&lt;/code&gt; te aseguro que no te van a traer un plato de arroz. Ahora, es posible que te traigan hojuelas de maíz azucaradas o Granola (normalmente con algo de fruta) y si tienes preferencia por una u otra nuevamente tendrás que ser mas especifico en tu respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que esto te ayude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T13:52:37.123" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T13:52:37.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15199" CreationDate="2015-10-30T13:55:40.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es lo mismo pero solo en México y de hecho es la forma que más usan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el resto de los países de habla hispana no usamos la palabra &lt;code&gt;platicar&lt;/code&gt; y son más frecuentes &lt;code&gt;conversar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;hablar&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usas &lt;code&gt;platicar&lt;/code&gt; fuera de México seguro también te van a entender porque vemos mucha televisión con doblaje mexicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T13:58:47.690" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T13:58:47.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15186" CreationDate="2015-10-30T15:30:47.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una buena respuesta a esto la encuentras en el siguiente enlace del cual voy a transcribir algunos apartes.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2008/aparte-o-a-parte/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blog Lengua-e&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como norma general, aparte se escribe junto. La grafía en dos palabras&#xA;  tan solo es correcta cuando podemos introducir un artículo entre a y&#xA;  parte (y esto solo ocurre en casos excepcionales). Vamos a ver todo el&#xA;  problema poco a poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aparte (en una sola palabra) tiene diferentes usos. En uno de ellos es&#xA;  un adverbio que significa ‘&lt;strong&gt;en otro lugar&lt;/strong&gt;’, ‘&lt;strong&gt;separado&lt;/strong&gt;’ o&#xA;  incluso ‘&lt;strong&gt;a un lado, al margen&lt;/strong&gt;’, como en el ejemplo (1):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) He tratado de dejar aparte todos los prejuicios que he ido&#xA;  acumulando contra el libro, leerlo, y luego formarme una opinión&#xA;  concreta [Tatuado en papel, acceso: 19-4-2008].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También existe la locución aparte de, que puede significar&#xA;  ‘&lt;strong&gt;además&lt;/strong&gt;’ (2) o ‘sin contar’ (3):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) Eric Olhsson es diseñador gráfico y trabaja como freelance&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;aparte&lt;/strong&gt; de ser músico [Graficante, acceso: 19-4-2008].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(3) Aún es joven, tiene 40 años y dos meses contados, y, &lt;strong&gt;aparte&lt;/strong&gt; de&#xA;  unos triglicéridos rebeldes, está razonablemente sano [Fibromialgia,&#xA;  acceso: 20-4-2008].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además, ocasionalmente, pueden coincidir la preposición a y el&#xA;  sustantivo parte como palabras independientes en la secuencia &lt;strong&gt;a&#xA;  parte&lt;/strong&gt; (separado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(4) […] el conseller Huguet quiere escuchar &lt;strong&gt;a parte&lt;/strong&gt; de la sociedad&#xA;  digital y se va a estudiar cómo impulsar la sociedad de la información&#xA;  [K-Government, acceso: 8-4-2008]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las apariciones de esta combinación son más bien escasas. Podemos&#xA;  reconocerla porque admite que introduzcamos un artículo entre la&#xA;  preposición y el nombre o incluso que añadamos un artículo y un&#xA;  adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(5) El conseller Huguet quiere escuchar a &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; parte de la sociedad&#xA;  digital&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cambio, si hacemos la prueba con los ejemplos (1), (2) y (3),&#xA;  veremos que no funciona. Eso nos está indicando que en esos casos hay&#xA;  que escribir aparte junto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En resumen, antes de escribir a parte separado, desconfía y&#xA;  compruébalo intentando introducir un artículo. Casi nunca será&#xA;  posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, comenta el artículo de Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/aparte-a-parte/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;«aparte» no es lo mismo que «a parte»&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aparte&lt;/strong&gt; se escribe &lt;strong&gt;siempre en una palabra, ya sea adjetivo, adverbio o sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que la grafía &lt;em&gt;a parte&lt;/em&gt;, en dos&#xA;  palabras, solo aparece como combinación de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y el&#xA;  sustantivo &lt;em&gt;parte&lt;/em&gt;, como en «Esa actitud no nos llevará a parte&#xA;  alguna».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal como señala la Ortografía académica, el término &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QMWVcOxKjJTVdDUV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aparte&lt;/a&gt;, en&#xA;  una sola palabra, puede funcionar como &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt; con el significado&#xA;  de &lt;strong&gt;‘distinto, singular’&lt;/strong&gt; («La genialidad de Picasso es un caso&#xA;  aparte en la historia del arte»), como &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt; con el significado&#xA;  de &lt;strong&gt;‘en otro lugar’, ‘por separado’, ‘fuera, al margen’&lt;/strong&gt; («Colocaron&#xA;  las armas aparte») o como &lt;strong&gt;sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt; equivalente a&#xA;  ‘&lt;strong&gt;conversación&lt;/strong&gt; entre dos o más personas &lt;strong&gt;al margen&lt;/strong&gt; de otras&#xA;  presentes’ («Los ministros hicieron un aparte para tratar el asunto»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuestión diferente es &lt;strong&gt;la secuencia &lt;em&gt;a parte&lt;/em&gt;, combinación&lt;/strong&gt; presente&#xA;  en frases como «Esas leyes dejan indefensos a parte de los ciudadanos»&#xA;  (equivalente a «… a una parte de los ciudadanos»), «Esa actitud no nos&#xA;  llevará a parte alguna» y «La nueva pavimentación mejorará las&#xA;  infraestructuras del municipio, puesto que la calle lo atraviesa de&#xA;  parte a parte».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T09:55:30.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T09:55:30.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15199" CreationDate="2015-10-30T16:45:31.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es exactamente lo mismo, solo que en algunos países requieren a una de las formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T16:45:31.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15199" CreationDate="2015-10-30T17:48:07.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España no se usa &quot;platicar&quot;, sino &quot;hablar&quot;, &quot;charlar&quot; o &quot;conversar&quot;. De mejor a peor opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Charlar&quot; es la versión informal de &quot;platicar&quot;: una conversación informal, ligera, como las que se tienen en el ascensor, con la familia o con los amigos. Aunque no tiene por qué ser así, casi siempre implica que el tema tratado no es demasiado serio, o al menos que no se trata con demasiada gravedad. También suele implicar una conversación entre dos personas, o al menos entre poca gente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Conversar&quot; suena un poco forzado en España, aunque a lo mejor no tanto en otros países. Se entiende perfectamente, pero no es la mejor opción. Se suele usar más en el lenguaje escrito que en el hablado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Hablar&quot; es la opción más neutral, y sirve para cualquier tipo de conversación. Por ejemplo, serviría tanto para hablar de negocios con tu jefe como para explicarle algo a un amigo. Aparte, puede usarse tanto en conversaciones uno a uno como para dirigirse a un grupo de personas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante la duda, &quot;hablar&quot; es la opción más segura. Pero conviene atreverse a usar las más coloquiales de vez en cuando, porque son las que denotan mejor conocimiento del idioma. Y si te equivocas, serán las que más diviertan a los nativos ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T17:48:07.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15241" CreationDate="2015-10-30T19:10:09.623" Score="2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo los &quot;Bandos del Alcalde&quot; de Enrique Tierno Galván, &lt;em&gt;El viejo profesor&lt;/em&gt;. Este buen hombre fue el alcalde de Madrid durante buena parte de la década de los 80, hasta su muerte. Tuvo la idea de ir publicando bandos, es decir proclamas, a sus conciudadanos, que finalmente se publicaron en este libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De prosa barroca, formal pero también pícara, me encuentro con expresiones que ya no se escuchan para nada en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy me sorprendió esta, que no sé si entiendo bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentencia fue y pareceer de aquel grande filósofo Platon que no nació&#xA;  el hombre para sí solo, también fue criado para el uso y utilidad de&#xA;  su patria y amigos. Y todos los que piensan confirman esto, afirmando&#xA;  que los hombres por causa de los mismos hombres fueron formados y&#xA;  engendrados y que &lt;strong&gt;nacieron obligados a se ayudar y aprovechar&lt;/strong&gt; los&#xA;  unos a los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto afirmar que la frase que indico en negrita es equivalente a &quot;nacieron obligados a ayudarse y aprovecharse&quot;? Si es así, ¿qué nombre recibe esa separación de la partícula reflexiva, común a dos verbos, para usarla delante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T10:33:01.353" Title="¿&quot;se ayudar y aprovechar&quot; en lugar de &quot;ayudarse y aprovecharse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-30T20:33:52.757" Score="4" ViewCount="711" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there are several approximate ways to convey the sense of &quot;each other&quot; in Spanish, some of them being &lt;code&gt;entre ellos&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;uno al otro&lt;/code&gt;, and even &lt;code&gt;mutuamente&lt;/code&gt;. However, I am struggling to turn this expression into possessive. What is the best way to render a sentence like this into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let's share each other's posts with our respective followers on&#xA;  Twitter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my attempt which is obviously wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos los artículos del uno al otro con nuestros respectivos&#xA;  seguidores en Twitter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T00:07:55.623" Title="Translating &quot;each other's&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15226" CreationDate="2015-10-30T20:36:48.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.&#xA;Quizás la regla en castellano antiguo permitía escribir el reflexivo de esa forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo es: &lt;strong&gt;cayóse&lt;/strong&gt; que en realidad viene siendo &lt;strong&gt;se cayó&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como muchos otros más usados en castellano antiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T20:36:48.283" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-10-30T23:12:46.363" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos los artículos de cada uno/de los demás (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;post&lt;/strong&gt; also stands for &lt;strong&gt;publicación&lt;/strong&gt; when it comes to social media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-10-31T18:46:41.087" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T18:46:41.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15234" CreationDate="2015-10-31T00:59:11.080" Score="5" ViewCount="7523" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm describing &quot;una persona,&quot; but someone who happens to be male, is the correct adjective agreement &quot;una persona famosa&quot; or &quot;una persona famoso?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11163" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T02:29:04.403" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T02:31:19.923" Title="Describing &quot;una persona&quot; who's male—adjective agreement" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15232" CreationDate="2015-10-31T01:04:35.720" Score="3" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &quot;I wash myself and you,&quot; how is that said?  &quot;Se y te lavo?&quot;  Or &quot;se lavo a mi y ti?&quot;  I haven't been able to find any information on this topic; most of what I've found is two objects but one indirect and one direct. (e.g. &quot;Se lo leo a él&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11163" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T15:52:37.613" Title="Reflexive pronoun with another object/multiple objects" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15231" CreationDate="2015-10-31T01:45:21.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot coordinate (&lt;em&gt;A y B&lt;/em&gt;) object pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You really only have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conflate the pronouns and adjust the verb: &lt;em&gt;nos lavamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;restate in full: &lt;em&gt;me lavo a mí y te lavo a ti también&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; (RAE) has to say about it (an asterisk in front of an example means it is considered ungrammatical):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;16.4g&lt;/strong&gt; […] La concordancia de los reflexviso con su antecedente no puede ser &lt;strong&gt;parcial&lt;/strong&gt;.  El reflexivo y su antecedente no pueden, en consecuencia, compartir solo algunos de sus rasgos morfológicos.  Por esta razón la lengua rechaza oraciones como *&lt;em&gt;Yo nos compré ayer los billetes&lt;/em&gt; o *&lt;em&gt;Nos he preparado un postre especial&lt;/em&gt;.  Estas oraciones anómalas expresan significados comprensibles, ya que es natural preparar un postre o comprar los billetes para uno mismo a la vez que para los demás.  Su irregularidad radica en que no se da en ellas la concordancia de número entre el reflexivo y su antecedente, sino solo la de persona: &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; [1.ª persona &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt;] &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; [1ª persona &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt;] &lt;em&gt;compré ayer los billetes&lt;/em&gt;.  Un razonamiento similar excluye secuencias como *&lt;em&gt;Os das la enhorabuena&lt;/em&gt; (cf. &lt;em&gt;darte los demás la enhorabuena y también tu a ti mismo&lt;/em&gt;) o *&lt;em&gt;Me traemos suerte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;16.4h&lt;/strong&gt; La construcción sobre la reflexividad parcial deja de ser efectiva cuando los elementos que se comparan no son argumentos o adjuntos del mismo predicado (recuérdese que &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; son dos argumentos de &lt;em&gt;afeitar&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;Yo me afeito&lt;/em&gt;). Este mismo criterio pone de manifiesto, en opinión de algunos gramáticos, que, cuando se pierde esa relación de coargumentalidad, se pierde también la de reflexividad en sentido estricto.  Contrastan muy claramente, en efecto, *&lt;em&gt;Nos compré los billetes&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;Compré los billetes para nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, aun cuando ambas oraciones expresarían significados muy próximos.  El sujeto y el pronombre &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; son complementes del mismo verbo (&lt;em&gt;compré&lt;/em&gt;) en la primera de estas dos oraciones.  En la segunda, por el contrario, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; no es complemento de &lt;em&gt;compré&lt;/em&gt;, sino término de la preposición &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.  No es, pues, forzoso que establezca una relación de reflexividad con el sujeto de dicho verbo.  El que la restricción que impide la concordancia parcial tienda a darse entre elementos que ejercen funciones paralelas respecto de un mismo predicado se ve también confirmado por el hecho de que no sean incorrectas ni agramaticales oraciones como &lt;em&gt;Nos veo a todos desocupados&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;en el paro&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;em&gt;dentro de poco&lt;/em&gt;.  El pronombre nos es el complemento directo de &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt;, pero es a la vez el elemento del que se predica desocupados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The oddness of the last bit might make a bit more sense after reading §16.4u (omited here for brevity)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As noted in the comments, the construction &lt;em&gt;nos lavamos&lt;/em&gt; might seem to imply that either (a) each person was washing themself or (b) each person was reciprocating the washing to each other person.  However, as noted in the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;16.5r&lt;/strong&gt; […] Se ha observado, sin embargo, que la reciprocidad no se da siempre de forma estricta en términos semánticos, sin que ello lleve a pensar que los pronombres que establecen esas relaciones dejen de ser recíprocos.  Ciertamente, si sabemos que Manuel no detesta a Jaime, la oración &lt;em&gt;Manuel, Jaime y Carlos se detestan&lt;/em&gt; no describirá una situación verdadera.  Repárese ahora en que el significado de la oración &lt;em&gt;Las hojas de los árboles se tocaban&lt;/em&gt; no puede ser el que corresponde a ‘Cada hoja de cada ábrol tocaba alas demás y era tocada por estas’, puesto que es prácticamente imposible encontrar en el mundo real una situación como la que se describe.  Las relaciones de reciprocidad que se aplican a los conjuntos de personas o cosas son a menudo &lt;strong&gt;no estrictas&lt;/strong&gt;, en el sentido de que no debe esperarse que cada elemento de un conjunto ejerza sobre todos los demás la acción que el verbo describe, y que a su vez la reciba de acada uno de los otros elementos de ese grupo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T15:52:37.613" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15230" CreationDate="2015-10-31T01:56:06.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the adjective always agrees with the noun it describes. The noun &quot;persona&quot; is always feminine. Therefore, all adjective that describe it are feminine too, even if the overall phrase (&quot;una persona famosa&quot;) describes a male individual. The adjective is describing the noun &quot;persona&quot;, and not the person who the phrase refers to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T01:56:06.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15230" CreationDate="2015-10-31T02:00:48.673" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Persona&lt;/em&gt; is always feminine, and corresponding adjectives must always agree with that gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan es alto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan es una persona alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona, un hombre llamado Juan, es alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan es una persona alta. También es simpático.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice in the last one, in the first sentence I define him as a person and use a feminine adjective. But the next sentence I'm back to talking about him as himself, and revert to masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T02:31:19.923" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T02:31:19.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15243" CreationDate="2015-10-31T05:27:07.073" Score="4" ViewCount="1445" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm listening to some of Selena Gomez's Spanish songs (she has a couple), and though I love her music, something feels the tiniest bit off. Her pronunciation doesn't sound quite right, but I can't quite place my finger on what it is exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, here's Selena Gomez's &quot;Dices&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_96fwXyUaaU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_96fwXyUaaU&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;And another one, &quot;Un año sin lluvia&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vaoPovB40dQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vaoPovB40dQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's off about Selena Gomez's pronunciation of Spanish? Or am I in the wrong here and there's in fact nothing wrong with her pronunciation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;High school Spanish student whose pronunciation is plain awful and is looking to improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5646" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T14:02:34.623" Title="Selena Gomez's pronunciation" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2020-09-09T14:17:53.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15235" CreationDate="2015-10-31T05:57:11.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selena Gomez is not a native speaker of Spanish, and as far as I can tell she does not currently speak the language fluently. Because of this, her accent is not perfect, however it is decent. Her accent also seems better in her music, as you linked to, than in her &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YuEYOi_aMs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;speech&lt;/a&gt;. But if you are looking for a model accent, it is preferable to use a native speaker's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T05:57:11.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15231" CreationDate="2015-10-31T14:00:34.483" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wash myself and you = Yo me lavo y te lavo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me lavo a mi mismo y te lavo a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo nos lavo&lt;/code&gt; could be grammatically correct but sounds weird even if &lt;code&gt;Yo nos veo en el espejo&lt;/code&gt; sounds ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T14:00:34.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-31T16:02:06.427" Score="5" ViewCount="656" Body="&lt;p&gt;At handwriting, do all natives really write letters with their accent marks on them? And top down question marks and exclamation marks at the beginning of sentences?&#xA;Or do they simply omit them ?&#xA;Like á, é, í, ó, ú, ü, ñ, ¿, ¡ &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11165" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T02:11:51.970" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:23:08.897" Title="Everyday usage of accent marks in handwriting" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;escritura-manuscrita&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15239" CreationDate="2015-10-31T16:09:02.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At handwriting natives use to write letters correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When in mobile, they hardly ever do. They almost always omit them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's considered 'slang'-ish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/84/1527&quot;&gt;post on &quot;How important are accents in written Spanish?&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T16:15:24.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15226" CreationDate="2015-10-31T16:14:18.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veamos lo que nos dice la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; (RAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;16.7h&lt;/strong&gt; Los infinitivos se construían con pronombres proclíticos hasta el siglo XV, pero sobre todo en el XIII y el XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Salió el batel a le prender (&lt;em&gt;Diario Colón&lt;/em&gt;);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los quales príncipes vinieron sin les fazer ninguna fuerça (López Ayala, &lt;em&gt;Décades&lt;/em&gt;) […]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se usan en la lengua actual los pronombres proclíticos con los infinitivos, salvo, ocasionalmente y en contextos negativos, en el español popular hablado en Asturias (España), como en &lt;em&gt;por no lo decir a tiempo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;para no lo comprar&lt;/em&gt;; etc. […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace referencia a las secciones § 27.1e y § 25.11b (pero no he ido a leérmelas, para decir la verdad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es evidente que lo pensado era distribuir la reciprocidad a ambos verbos, porque tiene más sentido &lt;em&gt;nacieron obligados a ayudarse (recíproco) y aprovecharse (recíproco)&lt;/em&gt;:  Quizás la intención era la idea de &lt;em&gt;ayudar y aprovechar&lt;/em&gt; como una sola acción conjunta e inseparable (caso en que se permite que un pronombre átono aplique a varios verbos sin tener que repetirse) en vez dos acciones distintas y separables (caso en que se ha de repetir un pronombre átono).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, si a estos verbos les pusiésemos como verbo principal de una oración, habría una diferencia clara entre las siguientes oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos ayudamos y aprovechamos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(Una acción de ayudar y aprovechar)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos ayudamos y nos aprovechamos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(Dos acciones: una de ayudar, y otra de aprovechar)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo es posible hacer esto con proclisis.  Con enclisis, ya no es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Queremos ayudarnos y aprovechar&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(casi suena bien ya que aprovechar puede ser intransitivo excepto si tomamos una frase análoga...)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero prepararlo y comer.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(Aquí preparo una cosa, pero no la como, simplemente «como» — quizás la cosa que preparé, quizás no)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya que se encuentran en flexión de infinitivo en el ejemplo, no hay buena opción porque en la gramática moderna la única opción es hacer énclisis con ambos verbos y así aludiendo a dos acciones distintas o quizás incluso abriéndose a la interpretación de &lt;em&gt;ayudarse&lt;/em&gt; (reflexivo) y &lt;em&gt;aprovecharse&lt;/em&gt; (recíproco).  Entonces, se aprovechó de un sintaxis medieval (pero, creo yo, bastante entendible a los oídos modernos) para que las acciones quedasen interpretadas como una única.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T10:33:01.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15235" CreationDate="2015-10-31T16:41:10.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Dicen&quot;, she pronounces the &quot;ce&quot; and &quot;ci&quot; like &quot;se&quot; and &quot;si&quot;, while in Spain's Spanish it's pronounced like &quot;ze&quot; and &quot;zi&quot;. Technically, this sound should be &quot;alveolar africada sonora&quot;, while she pronounces it as &quot;alveolar fricative sonora&quot;. It's common in some South American countries, which BTW I bet she targets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read here why this sounds wrong but familiar: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Realization_of_.2Fs.2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the /s/ sounds&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, she says &quot;bella&quot; like &quot;beya&quot;. In Spain's Spanish &quot;ll&quot; is pronounced as /ʎ/ instead of  /ʝ ~ j/ (the sound of &quot;y&quot; read in Spanish). This is called Yeismo (turning &quot;ll&quot; to &quot;y&quot;). See more here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Yeismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T16:41:10.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15235" CreationDate="2015-10-31T17:02:13.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They didn't really even bother getting her to speak Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7DxB9RD_oI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: (she tried one line — with a mistake — and was like, &amp;quot;How was that?&amp;quot;).  From the clip in TreeHouse's answer, you can tell a few things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She doesn't properly group words.  For example, at one point she says &amp;quot;de un&amp;quot; as two very distinct words with a break in the airstream, whereas a native would say &amp;quot;deun&amp;quot; as a basically a single word.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Her vowels are still noticeably influenced by English which in their basic forms are generally diphthongs (where as Spanish's base vowels are all monophthongs).  For example, words ending in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; she tends to pronounce as &lt;em&gt;-ou&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cognate words and names she switches quickly back to an English pronunciation (see how she pronounces &lt;em&gt;Univision&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, basically like an English speaker would).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She pronounces the &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt; as we would in English, when the correct pronunciation basically an English &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;TH&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;thistle&lt;/em&gt;) (depending on dialect, from her, we'd expect &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in the music clips you provided, the autotuning is very strong and that makes it harder to judge intonation and such (and also makes it sound weirder to those of us not used to overproduced sound).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Songs can be great for practicing pronunciation — especially understanding how to pronounce &amp;quot;between the words&amp;quot;, but you'll want to try stuff from actual native speakers that is a bit slower.  Gloria Estefan's early stuff is great.  Julieta Venegas is a good current artist.  I did really well with a number of Tontxu's songs since he's in my vocal range and I could sing it in the car better :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T14:02:34.623" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T14:02:34.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15245" CreationDate="2015-10-31T20:23:48.413" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading the 1909 Reina Valera Bible, and I noticed that in it the word &quot;a&quot; has an accent, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y llamó Dios á la seca Tierra, y á la reunión de las aguas llamó Mares: y vió Dios que era bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this? Is it an old rule of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo la Biblia Reina Valera de 1909, y me di cuenta de que la palabra &quot;a&quot; lleva acento. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y llamó Dios á la seca Tierra, y á la reunión de las aguas llamó Mares: y vió Dios que era bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué? ¿Es una regla antigua del español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2015-11-01T01:04:45.853" Title="Accent on the word &quot;a&quot; in 1909 Reina Valera Bible" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15244" CreationDate="2015-11-01T01:04:45.853" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, antes la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (y el coordinador &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;) se escribía con tilde siempre.  Esta practica se dejó a principios del siglo XX si recuerdo bien con la 14.ª edición del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; publicado por la RAE en 1914.  Hubo algunas gramáticas que fueron publicadas entre esta y la 13.ª de 1899, así que en cualquier de estas hallaríamos el primer momento en que se dictó la forma sin tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En aquel entonces (bueno, incluso hasta 2010) se usaban tildes no solo para indicar la acentuación y silabificación sino también por razones como distinción de palabras (&lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt;) o para mejorar la visibilidad (el coordinador &lt;em&gt;ó&lt;/em&gt; también perdió su tilde en el siglo XX excepto entre cifras porque se suponía que se lo podía confundir por el cero, fue en 2010 que se le quitó por completo la tilde)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-11-01T01:04:45.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15247" CreationDate="2015-11-01T06:42:13.053" Score="2" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;en pos de&quot; and &quot;tras&quot; are prepositions that translate to &quot;after&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, are these prepositions direct synonyms. For example, are each of the following sentences proper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuimos en pos de ella a la otra habitación. (We went after her to the other room.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuimos tras ella a la otra habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T11:53:34.070" Title="&quot;en pos de&quot; vs &quot;tras&quot;: Can these be direct synonyms?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15246" CreationDate="2015-11-01T15:00:09.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, those are synonyms, however &lt;code&gt;en pos&lt;/code&gt; is not very common on everyday spoken language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here a copy from &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=pos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pos. en pos. Esta locución se usa hoy seguida de un complemento con de, con valor preposicional análogo a &lt;strong&gt;tras&lt;/strong&gt; (‘&lt;code&gt;en seguimiento de&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;en busca de&lt;/code&gt;’): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Llevo muchos años en pos de la verdad» (Cerezales Escaleras [Esp. 1991]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento puede ser un pronombre personal (&lt;code&gt;en pos de mí&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;en pos de él&lt;/code&gt;, etc.): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«La joven lo siguió y subió en pos de él hasta el desván» (Jodorowsky Pájaro [Chile 1992]); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; debe usarse con posesivos (en pos mío, en pos suyo, etc.): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«En pos suyo arrastra a toda una nación» (Universal [Ven.] 17.4.88); debió decirse &lt;code&gt;en pos de sí&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-11-01T15:00:09.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="457" CreationDate="2015-11-01T18:51:51.647" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Among the languages I know, Spanish has the easiest plurals ever! Just a bunch of exceptions.... All the other Romance languages (Italian, French, Portuguese, Catalan) have more irregularities as far as plurals are concerned. Not to mention Rumanian with its many irregular and sometimes unpredictable plurals!&#xA;I've always thought Spanish is similar to artificial languages, such as Esperanto in this regard.... &#xA;I would hardly say that Spanish has irregular plurals unlike English, whose irregularities are often inconsistent. &#xA;I'd like to add that Spanish is probably the most straightforward language in the Romance group, even minor Iberian languages seem slightly harder to me....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11172" LastActivityDate="2015-11-01T18:51:51.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15264" CreationDate="2015-11-02T01:28:18.420" Score="5" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm searching the word that describes both &quot;analyze&quot; and &quot;make a decision.&quot; I want to use it as the name of a process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like a word that encapsulates the meaning of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose one (make the decision)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be a process done by a software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11173" LastEditorUserId="1976" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T22:22:37.603" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T22:22:37.603" Title="Word meaning &quot;analyze&quot; and &quot;make a decision&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="150" CreationDate="2015-11-02T04:40:09.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Costa Rica.&#xA;En las zapaterias de San José, se asignaba a los &quot;pericos&quot; o aprendices a &quot;majar&quot; el cuero. Por eso se les decía &quot;maje&quot;. Esto con el tiempo pasó a designar popularmente a alguien a quien &quot;agarraban de maje&quot; o de &quot;tonto&quot;. &#xA;Luego, el término &quot;maje&quot; pasó a ser un trato coloquial e informal entre &quot;iguales&quot;. Por ejemplo para llamar muy informalmente a los amigos. &#xA;Con el tiempo el término &quot;maje&quot; se contrajo a &quot;mae&quot;.&#xA;Hoy en día los ticos usamos el &quot;mae&quot; para referirnos a un interlocutor o tercera persona en términos y circunstancias sumamente informales, y en situaciones de mucha confianza. &#xA;Jamás se acepta su uso para tratar a los mayores o personas de respeto. Tampoco para llamar a quien apenas se conoce. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11174" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T04:40:09.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-02T11:24:13.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I think you are trying to do is to use the possesive for each other, is that right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will be correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos nuestros artículos mutuamente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the nuestros possesive and mutuamente you are also expressing the same thing, but what you've said previously it's also correct. &#xA;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9318" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T11:24:13.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15249" CreationDate="2015-11-02T12:02:18.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=nafxziFaEDXX2aDs9WMP%7CVTiuSoMaIDXX2zAFIzUi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;deliberar&lt;/a&gt;, but I'm not sure it can be used with both directions simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estamos felices porque el jurado deliberó a nuestro favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T12:32:24.013" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T12:32:24.013" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15537" CreationDate="2015-11-02T15:02:00.500" Score="1" ViewCount="1642" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oigo de vez en cuando la expresión &quot;romperse los cascos&quot; para referirse a &quot;pensar mucho algo&quot;. En general se usa para denominar algo que no deberías hacer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te rompas los cascos: tu novia te dejó y ya está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuve toda la noche rompiéndome los cascos con ese problema de&#xA;  matemáticas. ¡Al final resultó ser una tontería!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando y no acabo de encontrar referencias válidas al origen de esta expresión. ¿Alguien lo sabe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T13:19:47.797" Title="¿Qué signfica y de dónde viene la expresión &quot;romperse los cascos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-02T19:39:22.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe each other has multiple translations. It all depends on the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Play with each other = Jueguen juntos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case: Let's share each other's posts with our respective followers on Twitter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Compartamos nuestras publicaciones uno con el otro y con nuestros seguidores en Twitter&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T00:07:55.623" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T00:07:55.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15253" CreationDate="2015-11-02T19:42:27.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te rompas los cascos y cierra esta publicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú se &quot;usa romperse el coco&quot;, cuando se está en el proceso de estudiar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Costa Rica se usa &quot;romperse la jupa&quot;, cuando estás pensando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T10:15:16.393" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:15:16.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15249" CreationDate="2015-11-03T03:12:59.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about &quot;&lt;strong&gt;discriminar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's my best guess, in its meaning of: &quot;determinar, precisar, definir.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some others that may come close to parts of the whole process could be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tamizar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Discernir&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ponderar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;filtrar&quot; or &quot;cribar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;evaluar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;precisar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T03:12:59.630" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-03T11:14:30.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is the best option, for your case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos los posts de los demás con nuestros seguidores en Twiter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T08:52:31.037" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T08:52:31.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-03T12:43:56.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a case where English uses &quot;each other's&quot; but Spanish phrases it differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Galatas 6:2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobrellevad los unos las cargas de los otros, y cumplid así la ley de Cristo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many English translations use &quot;each other's burdens&quot;.  Admittedly, this is not a case of translating English into Spanish.  Both the English texts and the Spanish one are translations from Greek.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T12:43:56.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15265" CreationDate="2015-11-03T12:44:07.250" Score="6" ViewCount="3360" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we use &quot;typo&quot; quite extensively to indicate a little error that was done due to inaccuracy while typing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He wrote my name as Jhon instead of John. It must have been a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder: is there any equivalent in Spanish for such word? I am thinking on &quot;errata&quot; but I don't know if this is still missing some context (because my English is not perfect so I may be losing part of its original meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T21:44:02.253" Title="Is there a Spanish word for &quot;typo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-03T13:09:16.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, errata es una, la otra es &lt;strong&gt;blunder&lt;/strong&gt; que significa &lt;strong&gt;pifia&lt;/strong&gt;, o sea un pequeño errorcito en la escritura. (Aunque no necesariamente &lt;strong&gt;pifia&lt;/strong&gt; implica error en la escritura, se suele usar para otras cosas que conlleven errores leves.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T14:17:35.390" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T14:17:35.390" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15249" CreationDate="2015-11-03T13:28:15.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software engineering, this is represented by a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/DiagramaFlujoLampara.svg/220px-DiagramaFlujoLampara.svg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diagrama de flujo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Maybe you can call the process &quot;flujo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastEditorUserId="8959" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T13:37:56.900" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T13:37:56.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15249" CreationDate="2015-11-03T13:46:36.063" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;determinar&lt;/strong&gt; significa, según el DRAE (23.ª ed.), a la vez y en forma no pronominal, &lt;em&gt;discernir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tomar resolución&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T13:46:36.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-03T14:57:33.060" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un solo vocablo, pero la locución más frecuente es &lt;strong&gt;error tipográfico&lt;/strong&gt;, la cual es un calco de la locución (&lt;em&gt;typographical error&lt;/em&gt;) de que proviene el término &lt;em&gt;typo&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T14:57:33.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5816" CreationDate="2015-11-03T17:06:32.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd use &quot;haber + participle&quot; instead of preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Ya he terminado&quot; = &quot;I'm done&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Ya estoy disponible&quot; = &quot;I'm free now&quot; (where &quot;free&quot; = &quot;available&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T17:06:32.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-03T18:27:12.883" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Errata is a correct translation for typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking up &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/typo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;typo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a mistake (such as a misspelled word) in typed or printed text&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And looking up &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=GVGTuLO2SDXX2XSXCDEt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;errata&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Equivocación material cometida en lo impreso o manuscrito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above defintion would imply any written error (both printed and non printed), with &lt;em&gt;error tipográfico&lt;/em&gt; allowing to specify that it refers to a problem in the composition of a text. However, the common use is probably restricted to only printed text: For example a newspaper or a second edition of a publication might contain a &lt;em&gt;fe de erratas&lt;/em&gt;: a list of the errors/typos in the previous edition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11190" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T18:27:12.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15268" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-03T19:47:04.577" Score="5" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had the name of the grant program, Every Kid in a Park Transportation Grant, translated into Spanish. Are these words, once translated into Spanish, not capitalized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11191" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T19:09:04.497" Title="Spanish language Capitalization after Translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-03T20:58:32.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Costa Rica, it's popular to call this &quot;un dedazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11192" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T20:58:32.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15239" CreationDate="2015-11-03T21:06:35.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as some people write &quot;because&quot; as &quot;cause&quot; or &quot;cuz&quot;, it's impossible to answer this with a Yes or No. Some people do, some people don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as digital has become the most popular medium for communication, people need to actually handwrite less and less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I can tell you just what I can see. Most people don't use accents, however it's still viewed as important in business, education, settings. You're viewed as more educated if you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must know that accents aren't just extra symbols. A word with an accent will mean something different from one without it. Using them makes it easier to understand what you &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11192" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T21:06:35.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-03T21:39:11.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una forma menos formal de llamarlo es &quot;error de dedo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escribió mi nombre Jhon en vez de John. Debió ser un error de dedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10967" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T21:39:11.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4275" CreationDate="2015-11-03T23:42:35.023" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;por el hecho de que se repite un verbo (&quot;tienes&quot; y &quot;tener&quot;) su sonido no es agradable. Por tanto, yo opino que es más correcto decir  &quot;debes de tener&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11195" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T09:05:47.867" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T09:05:47.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5816" CreationDate="2015-11-04T00:06:44.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At Colombia the expressiohn &lt;strong&gt;Hasta aqui llego!&lt;/strong&gt; is the exact translation of &lt;em&gt;I'm Done!&lt;/em&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T00:06:44.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2015-11-04T02:55:01.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Perú puedes usar la palabra, normalmente en frases como: “voy a coger la taza”, “voy a coger el tren”,  “Lo cogí del cabello”, etc.  La palabra “coger”, no tiene sentido sexual intrínseco, sólo  adquiere connotación sexual si la utilizas en determinados contextos, vinculando a 2 personas, es decir referenciando o mencionando directamente el nombre de una persona: “Me cogí a “x” toda la noche”. En Perú se utiliza la palabra “cachar”, en nuestro país esta palabra si tiene un sentido sexual intrínseco, pero la palabra “coger”, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11194" LastEditorUserId="11194" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T19:32:00.790" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T19:32:00.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15268" CreationDate="2015-11-04T10:28:57.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, just capitalize names, cities, or places, and words after a dot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, mi nombre es David. Nací en la ciudad de Bogotá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translated to English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hi, my name is David. I was born in Bogotá city.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11162" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T10:41:49.557" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T10:41:49.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15246" CreationDate="2015-11-04T10:33:14.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the correct form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuimos tras ella a la otra habitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;en pos&quot; is never used for subjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11162" LastEditorUserId="11162" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T11:53:34.070" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T11:53:34.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2015-11-04T10:45:51.567" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta &lt;strong&gt;(redundant)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta &lt;strong&gt;(correct)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example in english can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was dreaming me &lt;strong&gt;(redundant)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was dreaming &lt;strong&gt;(correct)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11162" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T10:51:08.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T13:53:57.737" Score="6" ViewCount="4709" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es fácil entender la asociación de los órganos sexuales masculinos con el valor. Así, si queremos decir que alguien es muy valiente podemos decir coloquialmente que tiene los &quot;huevos&quot; (o &lt;em&gt;cojones&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muy grandes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien puestos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De acero &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es simple. Todas esas referencias hacen relación a la &quot;calidad&quot; del órgano, que se refleja figurativamente en la cuantía del valor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, que la forma también tiene que ver, ya es mucho más abstracto. Sin embargo, para indicar que alguien es valiente se puede decir que tiene &quot;los huevos &lt;strong&gt;cuadrados&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esta peculiar (y nada natural) forma se asocia con el valor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T14:09:01.860" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T15:49:29.650" Title="¿Por qué los valientes tienen &quot;los huevos cuadrados&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15268" CreationDate="2015-11-04T19:09:04.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. They should be capitalized as defined by the RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.23. Las palabras que forman parte de la denominación oficial de premios, distinciones, certámenes y grandes acontecimientos culturales o deportivos: el Premio Cervantes, los Goya, la Gran Cruz de la Orden de Alfonso X el Sabio, la Bienal de Venecia, la Feria del Libro, los Juegos Olímpicos. Por lo que respecta a los premios, cuando nos referimos al objeto material que los representa o a la persona que los ha recibido, se utiliza la minúscula: Esa actriz ya tiene dos goyas; Ha colocado el óscar encima del televisor; Esta noche entrevistan al nobel de literatura de este año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T19:09:04.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T23:44:01.030" Score="6" ViewCount="1167" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/tener_que_ver_con&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener que ver con&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; significa tener una relación/relevancia/conexión lógica con. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/economia/2015/08/24/55db7c72268e3e6b6d8b458f.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La caída del IBEX no tiene nada que ver con la situación de España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no es claro lo que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; significa en el modismo. Entonces, ¿cómo asumió &lt;em&gt;tener que ver con&lt;/em&gt; su significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen también preguntas sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/851/tem-a-ver-qual-%C3%A9-a-origem-desta-express%C3%A3o&quot;&gt;modismo portugués equivalente&lt;/a&gt; (en portugués e inglés) y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://french.stackexchange.com/questions/16499/quelle-est-l-origine-de-l-expression-avoir-%C3%A0-voir&quot;&gt;equivalente francés&lt;/a&gt; La versión portuguesa es la más antigua, pero solamente tienen respuestas especulativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11164" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:56:40.313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-21T15:04:37.530" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del modismo «tener que ver con»?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15284" CreationDate="2015-11-05T01:13:33.503" Score="3" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that the phrase &quot;hacer a alguien hacer algo&quot; means to make someone do something. My question is: is &quot;alguien&quot; the indirect or direct object? For example if someone were to say &quot;I want to make him eat the food,&quot; would one say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacerlo comer la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacerle comer la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in either case, what part of speech is &quot;comer la comida,&quot; or whatever someone is being made to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T02:35:20.760" Title="Part of speech with &quot;hacer a alguien hacer algo&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15283" CreationDate="2015-11-05T02:29:25.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct.  Per the DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los verbos &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;, cuando tienen sentido causativo, esto es, cuando significan, respectivamente, ‘obligar’ y ‘permitir’, siguen la misma estructura que los verbos de influencia: «verbo causativo + complemento de persona + verbo subordinado». Tanto &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt; tienden a construirse con complemento directo si el verbo subordinado es intransitivo: «&lt;em&gt;Él la hizo bajar a su estudio y le mostró el cuadro&lt;/em&gt;» (Aguilera &lt;em&gt;Caricia&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1983]); «&lt;em&gt;Lo dejé hablar&lt;/em&gt;» (Azuela &lt;em&gt;Tamaño&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1973]); y tienden a construirse con complemento indirecto cuando el segundo verbo es transitivo: «&lt;em&gt;Alguien lo ayudó a incorporarse, lo estimuló y hasta le hizo tomar café&lt;/em&gt;» (JmnzEmán &lt;em&gt;Tramas&lt;/em&gt; [Ven. 1991]); «&lt;em&gt;El alcaide de la cárcel le dejaba tocar el banjo todas las mañanas&lt;/em&gt;» (Cela &lt;em&gt;Cristo&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1988]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that it only says &quot;tienden&quot; and therefore there is no single approach — you will get variety, although the most common is to use a direct object when the verb is intransitive and the indirect object is transitive.  In your example, the verb is transitive (&lt;em&gt;comer &lt;strong&gt;la comida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) so the most common would be to use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, to answer your other question, per the DPD, the term is a &quot;subordinate verb&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T02:35:20.760" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T02:35:20.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3419" CreationDate="2015-11-05T17:15:53.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;en los años de la decada de los 70 s un servidor estudiaba medicina en la Cd. de Monterrey...en ese tiempo habia un programa de un señor llamado Horacio Alvarado Ortiz....al parecer el prog. se llamaba ..costumbres de mi pueblo...y me llamo la atencion de como los habitantes de un pueblo ...parece ser ...villa de santiago...usaban ....El mono rojo...que en este caso vendria siendo el payaso...y me llamo mucho la atencion de la creatividad de la gente para solucionar algunos problemas  en este caso de gente tracalera y abusadora que se hace loquita y no quiere pagar al igual que los describe Jose Juis Garza solo que con mas anterioridad.  tambien es importante la reaccion del deudor...ya que no tiene otra salida mas que pagar o quedar muy mal parado con la sociedad..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11206" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T17:15:53.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15289" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15291" CreationDate="2015-11-05T18:53:01.623" Score="7" ViewCount="10577" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo los comentarios sobre la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3419/qu%C3%A9-origen-tiene-la-expresi%C3%B3n-ya-te-carg%C3%B3-el-payaso&quot;&gt;Te cargó el payaso&lt;/a&gt; y me causó dolor ver en este foro la expresión &quot;hace sentido&quot; y ya que este Stack está destinado al conocimiento y buen uso del Español, propongo esta pregunta que aunque discutida en otros sitios aquí aun no la discutimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es correcto decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Hace sentido&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o solo es correcto decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Tiene sentido&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2020-09-30T07:31:08.543" Title="&quot;Hace sentido&quot; o &quot;tiene sentido&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15289" CreationDate="2015-11-05T19:12:49.397" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi como nativo la que suena bien es &lt;code&gt;tener sentido&lt;/code&gt;. La expresión &lt;code&gt;hacer sentido&lt;/code&gt; me &lt;em&gt;chirría&lt;/em&gt; al oído, aunque no mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un búsqueda rápida revela &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.org.mx/espin/Detalle?id=26&quot;&gt;este link&lt;/a&gt; de la Academia de la Lengua Mexicana que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La frase generalizada en español es &quot;tener sentido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. La expresión &quot;hacer sentido&quot; es una traducción literal de la forma en inglés &quot;to make sense&quot;. Aunque ambas expresiones tienen el mismo significado, se recomienda emplear &quot;tener sentido&quot;, ya que es la forma patrimonial del español; además, &lt;strong&gt;el verbo hacer no tiene ninguna acepción que permita usarlo con el significado que tiene en la frase &quot;hacer sentido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/hace-sentido-o-tiene-sentido-700/&quot;&gt;Fundeú BBVA&lt;/a&gt; corrobora que &lt;code&gt;hacer sentido&lt;/code&gt; es una traducción literal del inglés, por lo que implícitamente sugiere que sólo &quot;tener sentido&quot; es la forma correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También &lt;a href=&quot;http://espanolsinmisterios.blogspot.com/2011/10/hacer-sentido-no-tiene-sentido.html&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt; acusa a &lt;code&gt;hacer sentido&lt;/code&gt; de ser solo una &quot;traducción descuidada de una expresión inglesa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T21:12:22.347" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T21:12:22.347" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2015-11-05T20:52:39.133" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Error de ortografía&quot; is the one I use always. Longer but safer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11209" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T20:52:39.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15294" CreationDate="2015-11-06T03:04:13.027" Score="3" ViewCount="776" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he cruzado con esta duda mientras escribía hoy y no he podido solucionarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo es capaz de extenderse &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo es capaz de extenderse &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando con conocidos he encontrado adeptos a una y otra. También alguno me llegó a decir que debería decirlo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo es capaz de extenderse &lt;strong&gt;por hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque esta última opción me suena de lo más extraño, no logro decidir entre las otras opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T01:29:06.717" Title="¿&quot;Extenderse por&quot; o &quot;extenderse hasta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15293" CreationDate="2015-11-06T03:27:24.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, depende de lo que quieras decir, pero no tiene mucho que ver con el verbo extenderse (no hay preposición de régimen, al menos) y más con la marcación de duraciones de tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…extenderse &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la extensión es de siete días, ni más ni menos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;… extenderse &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la extensión puede ser bien de siete días, bien de menos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;… extenderse &lt;strong&gt;por hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;exactamente como la anterior (de un a siete días), ya que la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; es facultativa con duraciones explícitas (es decir, se puede decir que yo viví en España tres años o por tres años, en ambos casos, viví en España durante un período de tres años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, hay algunas otras consideraciones.  Si ponemos un tiempo concreto (en vez de una duración de tiempo), &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; no implicará las duraciones menores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…extenderse &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; hoy.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la extensión concluirá en el mismo día de la semana, pero en la semana que viene&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hemos de notar que la palabra &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; tiene un significado casi al revés en algunos países (principalmente centroamericanos, pero también partes de México), en estos, significa «no antes de», por lo que en ellos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…extenderse &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana &lt;sub&gt;(Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la extensión concluirá en algún momento después de un plazo de siete días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, aparte del aparente significado autoantónimo, hay poca diferencia en tu ejemplo, ya que dices «es capaz de…», por lo que podemos suponer que si es capaz de extenderse siete días o más, también sería capaz de extenderse menos de siete días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T01:29:06.717" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T01:29:06.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12023" CreationDate="2015-11-06T12:10:40.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add a point. On military terminology the expression &lt;em&gt;rules of engagement&lt;/em&gt; which is used to define the different commitments that must be fullfilled during combat is translated into spanish as &lt;em&gt;reglas de compromiso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer the proposed &lt;em&gt;involucrarse&lt;/em&gt;, however it seems that &lt;em&gt;compromiso&lt;/em&gt; is also accepted and used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T12:10:40.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15298" CreationDate="2015-11-06T12:42:48.520" Score="2" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días leía la noticia de fútbol &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/11/03/champions/1446583699_695229.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Madrid gana de milagro a un PSG muy superior&lt;/a&gt; y me sorprendió ver esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En tanga todo el primer acto&lt;/strong&gt;, el Madrid se fue de ejercicios&#xA;  espirituales al descanso en ventaja, con un gol por el que no se&#xA;  hubiera jugado los cuartos ni el madridista más entusiasta del&#xA;  planeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Real Madrid jugó una primera parte muy mala. De ahí que &quot;en tanga&quot; aquí se refiera a algo así como &quot;indefenso&quot;, &quot;sin mayor fuerza&quot;, &quot;con pocos recursos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprende que esta expresión esté presente en una redacción de un periódico &quot;serio&quot;. Por tanto, me pregunto: ¿qué tan adecuado para este contexto es usar la expresión &quot;en tanga&quot;? ¿está usando el tanga (esa ropa interior tan minúscula) para formar una imagen mental de la vacuidad o tiene alguna otra interpretación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado otros artículos del mismo periodista (José Samano, de prosa muy buena) en que también utiliza esta expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2014/07/08/mundial_futbol/1404827346_653023.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El ‘Maracanazo’ fue una broma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Brasil era muñeco de trapo. La afrenta iba a más, sin remedio para &lt;strong&gt;un&#xA;  grupo de futbolistas en tanga&lt;/strong&gt;, con las gentes llora que llora en las&#xA;  gradas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/10/11/actualidad/1444591570_518153.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Papá, no quiero ser defensa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su sospechosa revolución contracultural acabó por pulir &lt;strong&gt;una&#xA;  retaguardia en tanga&lt;/strong&gt; con el principal sostén de un tipo rechoncho y de&#xA;  movimientos paquidérmicos llamado Ronald Koeman, al que solían&#xA;  escoltar dos auxiliares sin talla como Ferrer y Sergi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2014/06/13/mundial_futbol/1402677430_078624.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;España sufre un descalabro mundial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Holanda se vengó con saña de la derrota de hace cuatro años en&#xA;  Sudáfrica y con Robben al frente &lt;strong&gt;dejó a España en tanga&lt;/strong&gt;, como un&#xA;  muñeco de trapo a merced de un adversario que en el segundo tiempo fue&#xA;  la marabunta. No hubo español reconocible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2015/09/01/actualidad/1441124933_419495.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Está el presidente?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ocurre algo peor, &lt;strong&gt;De Gea queda en tanga&lt;/strong&gt; ante el técnico que le condenó&#xA;  en pretemporada y ante una hinchada que, pese a los tiempos de&#xA;  infieles a las camisetas, aún pide una gota de devoción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T13:38:34.970" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T00:28:06.970" Title="¿Qué tan adecuado es usar &quot;en tanga&quot; en un escrito formal?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15296" CreationDate="2015-11-06T13:31:18.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;En tanga&quot; para un escrito formal es totalmente inadecuado. A mi entender, nunca uno se refiere a las prendas interiores en un escrito formal, y menos con una expresión como &quot;en tanga&quot; con su clara connotación de inferioridad haciendo referencia al pasivo en una relación sexual. Uno podría argumentar que se refiere a que los agarraron desprevenidos, pero uno diría que los &quot;pillaron en paños menores&quot;, &quot;encontraron en calzones&quot;, etc., no haciendo referencia a ropa interior femenina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el fútbol este tipo de expresiones son muy comunes entre hinchadas. Los diarios deportivos relajan la formalidad y se permiten este tipo de frases hasta cierto punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T13:31:18.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15296" CreationDate="2015-11-07T00:28:06.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí gusto es inadecuado. Pero esas noticias que pones son del periódico deportivo Marca, que se caracteriza por su falta de seriedad y rigurosidad. Además que el periodista use tanto esa expresión demuestra que le faltan recursos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T00:28:06.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15150" CreationDate="2015-11-07T14:24:27.123" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra española &lt;strong&gt;bonhomía&lt;/strong&gt; es un galicismo que significa &lt;code&gt;afabilidad, sencillez, bondad y honradez en el carácter y en el comportamiento&lt;/code&gt; según la RAE. Proviene del francés &lt;em&gt;bonhomie&lt;/em&gt;, con el mismo significado, que a su vez proviene de &lt;strong&gt;bon homme&lt;/strong&gt; que significa literalmente &lt;strong&gt;buen hombre&lt;/strong&gt;, pero que ha cargado distintos sentidos y valores en la historia lingüística de Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con seguridad Don Quijote confundió el sentido español de &lt;em&gt;buen hombre&lt;/em&gt; con el sentido peyorativo que tenía la palabra &lt;em&gt;bonhomme&lt;/em&gt; en Francia de la época. Tal vez en España del Siglo de Oro &lt;em&gt;buen hombre&lt;/em&gt; también tenía un valor negativo o ambivalente, pero al parecer no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sea, Don Quijote tenía la mente puesta en el medioevo. El uso de &lt;em&gt;bonhomme&lt;/em&gt; con sentido peyorativo en Francia aparece por primera vez en las crónicas de Jean Froissart, uno de los responsables del renacimiento caballeresco de fines de la Edad Media, en el cual estaba imbuido con bastante atraso Don Quijote. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guillaume Cale, el líder de una famosa &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Jacquerie&quot;&gt;revuelta campesina en 1358&lt;/a&gt;, es conocido en la crónica de Froissart como &lt;strong&gt;Jacques Bonhomme&lt;/strong&gt;. Aquí &lt;em&gt;Bonhomme&lt;/em&gt; es un epíteto de nobleza, similar a &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que &lt;em&gt;Jacques&lt;/em&gt; hace alusión a la chaqueta (&lt;em&gt;jaque&lt;/em&gt;) que usaban los campesinos. Froissart, que era partidario de la nobleza, estaba diciendo tanto &lt;em&gt;Juan Buen Hombre&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;Señorito de Chaqueta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con este apodo irónico y despectivo los nobles llamaban a sus siervos hasta la época de la Revolución Francesa, en que, obviamente, el valor se invirtió. Desde entonces &lt;em&gt;bonhomme&lt;/em&gt; alude al hombre sencillo y bondadoso por naturaleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don Quijote entendió que le estaban diciendo &quot;campesino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-11-07T18:15:32.353" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T18:15:32.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15348" CreationDate="2015-11-07T14:26:16.710" Score="2" ViewCount="633" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose a situation: a friend of mine has just bought a new TV, and tells me how big it is. Then, I see it and say: &quot;it's not as big as you say.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I can say it the following way: &quot;No es tan grande como dices.&quot; (Is this correct?)&#xA;But, can I say: &quot;No es igual de grande como dices.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine (from Ecuador) said it's incorrect, that 'igual de ... como' is only used to compare two things, and '... como dices' is not a thing, hence the whole sentence is incorrect. Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-07T18:34:14.323" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T16:35:50.583" Title="Is it correct to say &quot;igual de grande como dices&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15293" CreationDate="2015-11-07T16:27:19.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hola @guifa como mencionas tienes razón en el aspecto inicial de tu respuesta. Sin embargo soy mexicano y lamento decirte que al menos aquí, la preposición &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; no tiene ese uso en dicha expresión. Si bien tienes razón que su uso puede significar lo inverso, esto sólo ocurre en casos específicos por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abrimos &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; las 12 del día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México esto puede significar que el negocio abre &lt;strong&gt;a partir&lt;/strong&gt; de las 12 del día y no que cierra a las 12 del día (como debería ser por el uso de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio de significado de &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; por su inverso me atrevo a decir que solamente ocurre cuando esta preposición puede ser sustituida por una expresión &lt;strong&gt;a partir de&lt;/strong&gt; en un contexto estrictamente temporal. En el caso de la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su duración se puede extender &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; una semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la palabra &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; no tiene un contexto temporal, sino más bien uno cuantitativo y limitativo, es por esto que su significado no es el inverso al menos en México. Esta oración puede ilustrar un poco mejor a lo que me refiero con un contexto cuantitativo limitativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El costo puede llegar &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; 5 dólares&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso cualquier mexicano entenderá que el precio no pasará de 5 dólares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5711" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T16:27:19.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15302" CreationDate="2015-11-07T17:49:40.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es tan grande como dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think is a right translation, anyway this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es igual de grande como dices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is right also but sounds strange. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am from Spain and our spanish is different that the Spanish in South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11221" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-07T18:33:45.130" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T18:33:45.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-07T19:52:14.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una traducción muy literal y algo recargada pero correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos mutuamente a compartir nuestros mensajes con nuestros&#xA;  respectivos seguidores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o más simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos los mensajes del otro con nuestros respectivos seguidores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se quiere reforzar el hecho de ser una acción mútua, puede añadirse &quot;ambos&quot; o &quot;los dos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos ambos a compartir los mensajes del otro con nuestros respectivos&#xA;  seguidores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los dos vamos a compartir los mensajes del otro con nuestros&#xA;  respectivos seguidores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11222" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-07T22:14:21.683" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T22:14:21.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15150" CreationDate="2015-11-07T20:42:37.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE indica la expresión &quot;buen hombre&quot; como &quot;expresión rural&quot;, esto es, empleada más comúnmente en el ámbito rural. Incluso hoy su empleo indica una cierta superioridad del hablante respecto al interpelado, por lo que es francamente desaconsejable. Tan solo recuerdo una expresión común que la emplee actualmente, que es &quot;cálmese buen hombre&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11222" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T20:42:37.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15311" CreationDate="2015-11-07T21:01:42.120" Score="6" ViewCount="1709" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un problema &amp;quot;de oído&amp;quot; al redactar un texto en el que se explica la función de los colores de las solapas de unas carpetas. En realidad puedo cambiar la redacción del texto y así evito el problema, pero me pareció interesante presentarlo aquí para averiguar si es una exageración, un error o a lo mejor una ambigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me consta que hay que mantener la concordancia del plural, pero a veces me suena mal. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compré unos &lt;strong&gt;vestidos rojos&lt;/strong&gt;. (Suena bien)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compré unos &lt;strong&gt;zapatos cafés&lt;/strong&gt;.  (Suena mal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularmente con el color café me es difícil aceptar la -s final del plural. ¿Cuál es la forma correcta?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...las fichas rojas, naranjas y cafés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...las fichas rojas, naranjas y café&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:34:26.713" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;fichas rojas, naranjas y café&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15309" CreationDate="2015-11-07T22:24:40.337" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=O2YJVDPNGD6RHMUmU0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE, sobre &quot;colores&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando funcionan como adjetivos, hay que distinguir entre los nombres&#xA;  que designan únicamente colores, los cuales concuerdan siempre con el&#xA;  sustantivo al que modifican (faldas rojas, pantalones verdes, ojos&#xA;  azules, etc.), y los nombres que designan primariamente una flor, un&#xA;  fruto, una sustancia o un objeto que tienen ese color característico,&#xA;  los cuales pueden usarse en aposición y permanecer invariables en&#xA;  plural (ojos malva, faldas naranja, camisas añil, etc.) o concordar&#xA;  con el sustantivo, con funcionamiento plenamente adjetivo (ojos&#xA;  malvas, faldas naranjas, camisas añiles, etc.). Si, para designar&#xA;  matices, un nombre de color se halla a su vez modificado por otro, o&#xA;  por un adjetivo como claro, oscuro o similares, lo normal es mantener&#xA;  ambos elementos invariables en singular, de acuerdo con el uso&#xA;  mayoritario (pantalones verde botella, ojos azul claro, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier forma, en ocasiones puede ser conveniente el uso de la palabra &quot;color&quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan cogió los vasos verdes y plátanos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;resulta más legible como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan cogió los vasos color verde y color plátano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11222" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T11:36:17.427" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T11:36:17.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15309" CreationDate="2015-11-07T22:42:36.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resumen para los que tengan prisa: en la mayor parte de América, se usaría el plural: &lt;em&gt;unas fichas cafés&lt;/em&gt;; en España y otros lugares donde &quot;café&quot; no se entiende como sinónimo de &quot;marrón&quot;, se usaría la forma singular: &lt;em&gt;unas fichas [de color] café&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Interesante pregunta! He estado buscando y es una duda que más gente ha manifestado en otros foros (qué grande es internet, nunca puede uno ser el primero en nada :D).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE menciona como séptima acepción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=caf%C3%A9&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;café&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. caffe, este del turco kahve, y este del ár. clás. qahwah.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. marrón2. &lt;em&gt;Tonos café&lt;/em&gt;. Apl. a color, u. t. c. s. m. U. m. en Am.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso hay muchas iniciales, por lo que reescribo expandiéndolas todas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adjetivo. marrón2. &lt;em&gt;Tonos café&lt;/em&gt;. Aplicado a color, usado también como sustantivo masculino. Usado más en América.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta mención a América &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=37447&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la veo más restringida&lt;/a&gt; a unos cuantos países: Chile, Ecuador, México, Uruguay y El Salvador. Por tanto, &quot;café&quot; se usa como sinónimo de &quot;marrón&quot; en estos países. En el resto de países (en España por ejemplo) se dice &quot;de color café&quot;, usando café como sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es precisamente esta elisión de la parte &quot;de color&quot; la que hace que ambas versiones puedan ser correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unas fichas [de color] café&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unas fichas cafés&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta explicación resulta coherente y la baso en lo comentado en lo leído en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=39065&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro del Instituto Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;, entrada 156067, que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso puede sancionarlo todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La elisión () &quot;(de color) mostaza&quot; hace que vaya en singular. Pero el&#xA;  uso puede llevar al oyente a hacer la concordancia sin pensar en la&#xA;  elisión. A mí me suena mal&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;zapatos cafés&lt;/em&gt;, bien &lt;em&gt;zapatos café&lt;/em&gt;. Si no hay nada recogido en la&#xA;  normativa, OLE, al respecto, debería recogerse. Cuando el hablante&#xA;  pierde la sustentación del porqué o el mantenimiento de la forma que&#xA;  ha recibido, actúa otra serie de reglas que poseemos, esto es, la&#xA;  concordancia, pero ésta, en este caso, personalmente creo que no&#xA;  debería darse, podríamos perder el norte al no dejar una marca&#xA;  significativa, la no concordancia, del porqué café, por metonimia,&#xA;  tiene remite a un color preciso. Ahora bien, cuando no hay indicación&#xA;  contraria o motivo suficiente o conocido, como he dicho, el hablante&#xA;  emplea otras normas al no prevalecer la razón dada, y por uso, si se&#xA;  generaliza, licita &lt;em&gt;zapatos cafés&lt;/em&gt;. Pero atendiendo a la semántica, nos&#xA;  referimos al color de café, pero no de cafés, pues entonces&#xA;  perderíamos el referente. Llegado a este punto, a qué café nos&#xA;  referimos: No al que se encuentra en el campo, que hay de varios&#xA;  colores, si no al que comúnmente conocemos, al grano tostado, o bien a&#xA;  la infusión hecha con él: cafés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En consecuencia, correcto es &lt;em&gt;zapatos (de color ) café&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cuánto hace que &quot;café&quot; se utiliza como sinónimo de &quot;marrón&quot;. Supongo que a medida que este adjetivo sea más y más presente, se hará más fuerte su presencia &quot;directa&quot; (&lt;em&gt;unas fichas cafés&lt;/em&gt;) y dejará de tener implícito el fragmento &quot;de color&quot; (&lt;em&gt;unas fichas café&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:34:26.713" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:34:26.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15321" CreationDate="2015-11-07T22:49:47.430" Score="4" ViewCount="36006" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escribiendo una respuesta cuando me surgió la duda: ¿qué es más correcto, decir &quot;antes de nada&quot; o &quot;antes que nada&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/ante-todo-496/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fundéu menciona &quot;antes de nada&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en un artículo. Sin embargo, veo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacion.ufm.edu/antes-que-nada/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la Universidad Francisco Marrooquín&lt;/a&gt; de Guatemala hablan de &quot;antes que nada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ello que dudo sobre si son igualmente válidas, si tienen distinción según los países o si son, llana y simplemente, iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-04-10T22:46:57.627" Title="¿&quot;Antes de nada&quot; o &quot;antes que nada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-08T18:58:33.003" Score="4" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Origen y significado de &quot;te las vas a ver conmigo&quot;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oí esta frase (en Avenida Brasil) y no supe qué quiere decir en inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te las vas a ver conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asi que la busqué y &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/te-las-vas-a-ver-conmigo.2690017/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encontré&lt;/a&gt; que significa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll get even, you'll have to deal with me later&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como está tan lejos del significado literal me pregunto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es la origen de esta frase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene sentido gramaticalmente?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se entiende universalmente?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Meaning and origin of &quot;te las vas a ver conmigo&quot;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard this phrase (on Avenida Brasil) and had no idea what it could mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te las vas a ver conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I looked it up and &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/te-las-vas-a-ver-conmigo.2690017/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;found&lt;/a&gt; that it means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll get even, you'll have to deal with me later&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is so far from the literal translation I'm wondering&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the origin of this phrase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it make any sense grammatically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it universally understood?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2536" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T13:21:00.033" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T23:59:12.280" Title="Meaning and origin of &quot;te las vas a ver conmigo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15313" CreationDate="2015-11-08T20:49:48.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Speaking of Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, it's a very old and used phrase, which is not very common nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common use is as a &quot;polite&quot; way to &lt;strong&gt;threaten&lt;/strong&gt; or to &lt;strong&gt;warn&lt;/strong&gt; somebody about a given situation.&#xA;It's used a lot in old 50's movies...usually by elderly people and mother roles.&#xA;My grandparents used to say that a lot as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &#xA;The Mom leaves to the market, while her son, stays at home, doing homework.&#xA;Just as the mom is leaving, closing the door she says:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Si cuando regrese, no has terminado la tarea, te la vas a ver conmigo!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, it does have a little sense, but it definitely does not imply that threatening meaning.&#xA;It would be like &quot;You're going to see it with myself&quot;...which could be like if you were going to see something with someone's company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another such phrase with a similar meaning would be:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;*&quot;Vas a ver quien soy&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Which is like, for example - &quot;If you dare to touch him, You'll see who I am...!&quot;&#xA;Other: &quot;Si no haces lo que te digo, vas a ver quién soy!&quot;&#xA;(If you don't do as I say, you'll see who I am!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About its origin, I really don't have a clue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T20:49:48.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15319" CreationDate="2015-11-09T05:26:23.157" Score="14" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there is the structure &quot;Me gusta&quot; where &quot;Me&quot; is the &lt;em&gt;object&lt;/em&gt;. But in other Romance languages such as Portuguese &quot;Eu gosto (de isso)&quot; or French &quot;Je goûterai le soir bleu&quot;, &quot;eu&quot; and &quot;je&quot; are the &lt;em&gt;subjects&lt;/em&gt;. Those words seem to all have evolved from the Latin word &quot;gustare&quot;, so why in Spanish the structure was changed? What could be the historical evolution of this expression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="2046" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T15:32:47.200" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T04:41:28.257" Title="How did the syntactical strucutre “me gusta” come to be in Spanish? It seems to be different from its Latin root and other Romance languages" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15315" CreationDate="2015-11-09T07:54:21.150" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish it is possible, although uncommon, for the word &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; to have the same syntax as in Portuguese. Here is a passage from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gustar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wiktionary article on gustar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se desea que la persona que siente el placer sea el sujeto, generalmente para usos literarios o cultos, el verbo va seguido de la preposición de: &amp;quot;gustamos de esa casa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If it is desired that the person who feels the pleasure be the subject, generally for literary or educated uses, the verb is followed by the preposition de: &amp;quot;we like that house&amp;quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example I found on &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=1SyAAQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT23&amp;amp;lpg=PT23&amp;amp;dq=yo%20gusto,%20mia%20esposa,%20del%20contento&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=BmVeTmaSDJ&amp;amp;sig=JIwkgWSzkZl8FpTtSXo3UfsNX2c&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMI1ursxOiCyQIVA9xjCh0GCwMI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=yo%20gusto%2C%20mia%20esposa%2C%20del%20contento&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google books&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo gusto, esposa mía, del contento que recibís en vuestras obras santas, y de ellas gano yo el merecimiento...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I cannot give a better answer. I am unable to find the origin of both uses of the word &amp;quot;gustar/gostar&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;to like&amp;quot;. The word itself comes from the Latin word for &amp;quot;to taste&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;gustare&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. I am also unable to find out which syntax of the verb &amp;quot;gustar/gostar&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;to like&amp;quot; originated first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T08:11:30.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15884" CreationDate="2015-11-09T14:17:15.197" Score="8" ViewCount="9231" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchos textos virtuales se lee &lt;strong&gt;&quot;TL;DR&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (o en minúsculas, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;tl;dr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;). Se trata de las iniciales de la frase &quot;Too long; didn't read&quot; utilizada como cabecera de un texto muy largo para resumir su contenido en un par de frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tenemos en castellano algún equivalente? &quot;Demasiado largo, no lo leí&quot; parece la traducción más directa, pero me gusta pensar en algo que vaya más al origen de la expresión del tipo &quot;Resumen&quot; o &quot;Resumiendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras variantes a tener en consideración podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wVecH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wVecHm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T11:55:53.800" LastActivityDate="2021-05-25T03:15:49.803" Title="¿Hay algún equivalente en castellano al inglés &quot;TL;DR&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="18" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15332" CreationDate="2015-11-09T17:45:53.323" Score="5" ViewCount="1402" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considera las siguientes oraciones: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have something to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have work to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo algo que decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo tarea que hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que también se podrían escribir con &quot;para&quot; en lugar de &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es cierto que se pueden intercambiar así? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y qué es la categoría gramatical de estas palabras en esta situación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T19:37:07.133" Title="Categoría gramatical de &quot;que&quot; o &quot;para&quot; en algunas frases" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15315" CreationDate="2015-11-10T02:09:45.860" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider another sensory verb (because that's what &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; originated as) &lt;em&gt;oler&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Huelo algo terrible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;I smell ( = &lt;em&gt;perceive sensorily&lt;/em&gt;) something terrible&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Huelo a algo terrible&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;I smell ( = &lt;em&gt;emit an odor&lt;/em&gt;) something terrible.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algo me huele a algo terrible&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Something smells terrible to me == I smell something terrible&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how fluidly the meaning changes depending on whether there's a preposition or not, and then when used with an indirect object, there are two ways to interpret it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some point, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; changed from meaning merely &lt;em&gt;to taste/experience&lt;/em&gt; to pick up an enjoyable/pleasurable connotation (probably via the noun &lt;em&gt;gusto&lt;/em&gt; with a likely semantic drift of &lt;em&gt;flavor → (good) taste → affinity&lt;/em&gt;), at which &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; meant something akin to &lt;em&gt;tener/hacer gusto&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;saborear/probar&lt;/em&gt;.  Consider the structures possible of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; if we select different words along &lt;em&gt;gusto&lt;/em&gt;'s semantic progression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo gusto de algo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;I have an affinity for something&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algo tiene gusto para mí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Something has a good taste for me.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To wit, in Modern Spanish, we have all of these meanings of &lt;em&gt;gusto&lt;/em&gt; per the DRAE (23rd edition, ellipsis not noted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gusto&lt;/strong&gt;: 3. Placer o deleite que se experimenta con algún motivo, o se recibe de cualquier cosa || 4. Facultad de sentir o apreciar lo bello o lo feo || 7. Cualidad, forma o manera que hace bello o feo algo || 12. Afición o inclinación por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The traditional meaning of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; is preserved in the transitive use of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gusto algo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;I try/taste something&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea of providing such a pleasurable sensation (meanings 3 and 7, primarily) comes in the intransitive that virtually always comes with an indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta algo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Something has a nice quality / is pleasurable for me.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then the meanings seen in 4 and 12 (being able to appreciate something or having an inclination towards it) also took an intransitive use, but with a &lt;em&gt;preposición de régimen&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gusto de algo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;I appreciate / take pleasure in / am a connoisseur of something.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's not a huge difference in practical meaning at the end of the day between the latter two uses, and it's probably random chance which language went which direction as its primary use.   Consider the modern languages of the Western Iberian branch of Romance languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gosto de algo &lt;sub&gt;(PT)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gusto de algo &lt;sub&gt;(GL)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gusto d'algo &lt;sub&gt;(MWL)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gústame dalgo &lt;sub&gt;(AST)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me gusta algo &lt;sub&gt;(ES)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Galician-Portuguese branch went with &lt;em&gt;gustar de&lt;/em&gt; structure, the Castilian branch went with &lt;em&gt;gustarle&lt;/em&gt; structure, and the Leonese branch split the difference.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aragonese (also West Iberian) and Catalan (an Occitano-Romance language) ended up using a similar structure with indirect objects, but with different verbs — &lt;em&gt;m'agrada alguna cosa&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(CAT)&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;em&gt;me faz goyo bella cosa&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(AN)&lt;/sub&gt; —&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; so it may simply be (though this would be speculation and also vastly over simplifying things) that Castilian ended up sandwiched between languages that preferred an indirect object to express the idea of liking something, and languages that liked to use the verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; to express that concept.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But remember that asking why when talking about changes in language is a relatively useless question.  The answer is almost &quot;because that's what people said/did&quot; :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; The verb &lt;em&gt;prestar&lt;/em&gt; is more common (&lt;em&gt;préstame dalgo&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;dalgo&quot; is Asturian for &quot;algo&quot; and not a fusion of &quot;de&quot; and &quot;algo&quot;), but &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; does exit. &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt;  In Catalan &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; only has its transitive meaning of &lt;em&gt;to taste&lt;/em&gt;, and Aragonese lacks &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; entirely (favoring &lt;em&gt;tastar&lt;/em&gt;, which also exists in Catalan and used to exist in Castilian).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T05:01:56.580" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T05:01:56.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2015-11-10T12:33:14.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi experiencia como usuario de internet en español, como respuesta ante un texto largo el equivalente mas parecido sería &quot;ni con tus ojos&quot;. Como forma de decir que vas a hacer un resumen, simplemente se dice &quot;Resumen:&quot; y se pone el resumen en negrita. No me consta que exista un acrónimo como tl;dr en español, de hecho se suele usar tl;dr como respuesta a un texto largo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T12:33:14.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15312" CreationDate="2015-11-10T14:49:06.200" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, si hacemos caso a &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WO1Ix87I4D6gmdE155&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt; ambas son válidas (e incluso &quot;&lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Normalmente va seguido de un complemento precedido de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Quince días &lt;strong&gt;antes de&lt;/strong&gt; su muerte [...]&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antes que&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;antes de que&lt;/strong&gt;. Con significado temporal, ambas construcciones son válidas. [...] Del cruce de &lt;strong&gt;antes que&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;antes de&lt;/strong&gt;, surgió &lt;strong&gt;antes de que&lt;/strong&gt;, variante de la locución conjuntiva que algunos gramáticos censuraron en un principio por dequeísta, pero que hoy se acepta como válida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que la forma &quot;antes de que&quot; pueda aplicar a &quot;nada&quot;, pero tanto &quot;antes de&quot; como &quot;antes que&quot; son válidas con significado temporal, y puede ir acompañadas de &quot;nada&quot; como complemento, con el significado de &quot;cualquier cosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada de la RAE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=1kP4fcZLUDXX2H0ASBkf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nada&lt;/a&gt; por supuesto valida el &quot;antes de&quot; como locución adverbial con el significado de &quot;Antes de cualquier cosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rpVvFSy2sD6XdbqzWb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primero/a&lt;/a&gt; indica que existe la forma &quot;primero que nada.&quot; con el significado de &quot;antes de nada o antes que nada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primero que nada&lt;/strong&gt;. En el habla coloquial se emplea esta expresión con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;‘antes de nada o antes que nada’&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ambas formas son válidas e igualmente correctas. La predilección por una u otra puede depender del hablante, más que del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T19:02:03.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15326" CreationDate="2015-11-11T05:12:07.723" Score="3" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;Years ago when I was in college, I had a teacher who used the phrase &quot;Anda la juez.&quot;  Sometimes she said &quot;Ande la juez&quot;, so I'm assuming the verb is being used as a command, since it's in the familiar (tú) form in the first sentence and in the formal (usted) form in the second.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't want to seem like an idiot at the time and ask what it meant, so many years later I will use the anonymity of the Internet to look like an idiot here.  What does &quot;anda la juez&quot; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11179" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T15:43:41.047" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T18:53:23.187" Title="Meaning of the expression &quot;Anda la juez&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15324" CreationDate="2015-11-11T07:18:43.793" Score="3" ViewCount="1069" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in an IT project and in one of the Excelsheets with status of the documents to be delivered there is 'Pdte. Comenzar' which I have no idea how to translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked online and the abbreviation Pdte. refers usually to Presidente which does not make sense in this case. The document is written in Spain Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it stand for then? I assume it is pendiente. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11240" LastEditorUserId="11240" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T07:27:50.300" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T16:07:01.267" Title="What does 'Pdte. Comenzar' mean?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15323" CreationDate="2015-11-11T07:45:27.767" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am from Spain and is pretty common to use &lt;code&gt;Pdte&lt;/code&gt; as an abbreviation of &lt;code&gt;Pendiente&lt;/code&gt;. So &lt;code&gt;Pdte. Comenzar&lt;/code&gt; would mean &lt;code&gt;Pendiente de Comenzar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also are right about Presidente, in fact, RAE, in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;appendix number two&quot;&gt;appendix number two&lt;/a&gt; lists &lt;code&gt;Pdte&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;Pdta&lt;/code&gt;, in the femenine form) as the abbreviation of &lt;code&gt;Presidente/a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás en lo cierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy de España y aquí es muy común usar &lt;code&gt;Pdte&lt;/code&gt; como abreviatura de &lt;code&gt;Pendiente&lt;/code&gt;. Así que &lt;code&gt;Pdte. Comenzar&lt;/code&gt; significaría &lt;code&gt;Pendiente de Comenzar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También estás en lo cierto sobre Presidente, de hecho, la RAE, en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;appendix number two&quot;&gt;apéndice número dos&lt;/a&gt; lista &lt;code&gt;Pdte&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;code&gt;Pdta&lt;/code&gt;, en su forma femenina) como abreviatura de &lt;code&gt;Presidente/a&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T16:07:01.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2015-11-11T09:48:28.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &quot;A mí me gusta&quot; and &quot;Me gusta&quot; isn't different. Both are just saying &quot;I like&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little difference may exist, just emphasis: &quot;A mí me gusta&quot; more emphasizing the subject of the sentence. Reflexive something such as &quot;To me I like...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11242" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T10:43:31.367" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T10:43:31.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15322" CreationDate="2015-11-11T14:28:33.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=dGzDMZMZ7DXX2z7yfabs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Andar&lt;/a&gt; has several meanings. Among them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ir de un lugar a otro (dando pasos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which basically is &amp;quot;to walk&amp;quot; or to &amp;quot;go from one place to another&amp;quot;. It can also mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estar (hallarse en un determinado estado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the connotation of &amp;quot;being in a particular state, condition or mood&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean so many things that, given the short sentence, the lack of context and that we don't know where your teacher learn her Spanish is impossible to know for sure. The sentence &lt;code&gt;Anda la juez&lt;/code&gt; is not a colloquialism or expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One guess is that it could be using the meaning of the entry #8 of the link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obrar, proceder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the meaning &amp;quot;the Judge made a decision&amp;quot;. &lt;code&gt;Ande la juez&lt;/code&gt; would then be &amp;quot;May the judge make a decision&amp;quot; and &lt;code&gt;Anda la juez&lt;/code&gt; would mean &amp;quot;The judge is making a decision/ the judge makes a decision&amp;quot;. But this is just a wild guess of mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, there could be other meanings shall the sentence not be that short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anda la juez &lt;strong&gt;preocupada&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; The judge is worried &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anda la juez &lt;strong&gt;encorvada/lentamente&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; The judge walks hunched/slowly &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T16:36:30.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15328" CreationDate="2015-11-11T21:09:36.477" Score="10" ViewCount="7859" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2079/what-is-the-longest-word-in-spanish&quot;&gt;Ya sabemos que la más larga palabra en español&lt;/a&gt; aceptada por la Real Academia Española es: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=Electroencefalografista&amp;amp;m=form&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Electroencefalografista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿cuál es la palabra más larga en español aceptada por la Real Academia Española que no repite ninguna letra? ¿Hay otras palabras no aceptadas oficialmente por la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11164" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T17:49:51.800" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra más larga en español que no repite ninguna letra?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15327" CreationDate="2015-11-11T21:47:26.723" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que esta duda ha suscitado que diferentes personas crearan sus webs al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabría definir las reglas: ¿vale conjugar verbos? ¿sólo aceptamos las que recoja el Diccionario de la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda inicial me hace encontrar las siguientes en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.papelenblanco.com/metacritica/algunas-curiosidades-muy-curiosas-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Papel en blanco&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juegosdepalabras.com/longword.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juegos de palabras&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calumbrientos (13)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centrifugados (13)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vislumbrándote (14)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estirando &quot;centrifugados&quot;, nos encontramos con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centrifugadlos (14)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero luego veo que en Juegos del ingenio (&lt;a href=&quot;http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:XF3WVkhp4P0J:juegosdeingenio.org/archivo/640%20&amp;amp;cd=5&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;ct=clnk&amp;amp;gl=us&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;copia caché&lt;/a&gt;) hay una larga discusión en la que salen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hiperblanduzcos (15)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Y finalmente el ganador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fluxygrandtezchimbos (20)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Literalmente significa: Húmedos y grandes rostros de chimbos (pájaros&#xA;  o bilbaínos).&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Eliminado porque no hay referencias suficientemente fuertes de que exista esta palabra&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T10:04:29.060" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T10:04:29.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15149" CreationDate="2015-11-11T23:09:55.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas se usarían en contextos poco coloquiales, ya que en esos casos usaríamos &quot;cara&quot; o &quot;lado&quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, es frecuente encontrarse con el vocablo &quot;faz&quot;, pero no ocurre lo mismo con &quot;haz&quot;: es un término bastante anticuado en este contexto, y se lo utiliza más bien en el contexto de la física y la matemática para referirse a un haz de luz, o un haz electromagnético, o un haz de rectas, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11049" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T23:09:55.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15157" CreationDate="2015-11-11T23:13:51.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción es aceptable en un sentido amplio, pero sería más apropiado traducir como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aprendo español leyendo cuentos cortos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para así hacer referencia al modificador &quot;short&quot; que aparece en la frase original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11049" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-12T10:01:09.527" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T10:01:09.527" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5325" CreationDate="2015-11-13T08:12:21.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Clásico sí, formal también, literario por supuesto, pero no obsoleto.  No es muy común pero se sigue usando, tanto en lenguaje escrito como en oral.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por cierto, la RAE no dice que sea un verbo sino un &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt;, y por tanto es invariable, no cabe conjugación, lo que varía es el pronombre al que va unido.  Mejor lo cito que lo explican muy bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adverbio. Unido a &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;, o con los pronombres &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;, se usa para señalar o mostrar a alguien o algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11261" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T11:02:51.090" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T11:02:51.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15318" CreationDate="2015-11-13T08:40:50.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While you could interchange them and the sentences would make sense, they don't quite mean the same in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay mucho para hacer: There's lots that can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay mucho por hacer: There's lots that's left to do.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay mucho que hacer: There's lots that has to be done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there is no special term for these words in contexts such as the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6849" LastEditorUserId="6849" LastEditDate="2015-11-14T10:06:36.047" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T10:06:36.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15318" CreationDate="2015-11-13T19:51:34.113" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember is different say work and homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have work to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo mucho trabajo que hacer.&#xA;  Tengo mucho trabajo por hacer&#xA;  Tengo mucho trabajo para hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have homework to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo mucha tarea que hacer.&#xA;  Tengo mucha tarea por hacer&#xA;  Tengo mucha tarea para hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use this options without problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish speaker&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11268" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-14T19:37:07.133" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T19:37:07.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5325" CreationDate="2015-11-13T19:58:38.253" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto se refiere al verbo estar, heme aquí significa aca estoy, o aca me tienes, la verdad que es algo que ya no se usa y como tu lo dices, lo podrás encontrar en novelas o relatos  antiguos. al mismo tiempo, el verbo en cuestión es ESTAR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11268" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T19:58:38.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15302" CreationDate="2015-11-14T17:49:26.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation for &quot;it's not as big as you say&quot;, would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es tan grande como dijiste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact translation of &quot;say&quot; is &quot;decir&quot;, but this action has occured in the past so you need to use the past tense of the verb &quot;decir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11274" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-15T11:25:21.430" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T11:25:21.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15347" CreationDate="2015-11-15T06:34:10.950" Score="0" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Les parece gramaticalmente correcta esta oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un ordenador es una herramienta muy útil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En particular, el uso del primer artículo indefinido. Ahora bien, si les parece correcta gramaticalmente, ¿les parece natural fuera de contexto? Si no, ¿en qué situación la usarían, por ejemplo? ¿Le agregarían algo para hacerla más aceptable o natural? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11279" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T14:22:29.220" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T18:44:35.343" Title="¿El primer uso de artículo indefinido en esta frase es correcto?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15180" CreationDate="2015-11-15T12:05:56.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una &lt;strong&gt;estructura reduplicativa de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.nl/books?id=GQOFDlufPMoC&amp;amp;lpg=PA100&amp;amp;dq=construcciones%20reduplicativas&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA100#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=construcciones%20reduplicativas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Prisma de ejercicios, Método de español para extranjeros&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, nivel B2 avanza, por Azucena Encinas, Ana Hermoso y Alicia López (también el libro de nivel C1 tiene datos al respecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estructuras reduplicativas de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas construcciones pertenecen al grupo de oraciones subordinadas&#xA;  concesivas (es decir, aquellas que indican un contraste entre las dos&#xA;  ideas expuestas), aunque esta vez se sustituyen los conectores por una&#xA;  estructura repetitiva cuyos verbos siempre se encuentran en modo&#xA;  subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forma&lt;/strong&gt;: La estructura se forma mediante dos verbos exactamente iguales&#xA;  en modo subjuntivo unidos por una preposición opcional y un pronombre&#xA;  relativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vayas a donde vayas, siempre te encontrarás a alguien conocido en esta ciudad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uso&lt;/strong&gt;: Como se puede apreciar, la frase está formada por dos partes muy&#xA;  bien diferenciadas y siempre separadas por una coma. Estas partes se&#xA;  contrastan con el fin de señalar o informar que la parte B de la frase&#xA;  va a llevarse a cabo con indiferencia al impedimento u objeción que se&#xA;  plantea en la parte A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que también hay quien lo nombra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.udel.edu/leipzig/depende/subj_relativas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;construcción reduplicativa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T12:05:56.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15346" CreationDate="2015-11-15T12:10:10.397" Score="4" ViewCount="1762" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salió &lt;strong&gt;sin que nadie se diera cuenta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de oración subordinada es la señalada en negrita? (quiero decir en general las que van introducidas por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;sin que&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2015-11-15T13:34:09.233" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T13:34:09.233" Title="¿Qué tipo de tipo de oración subordinada es &quot;Salió sin que nadie se diera cuenta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15345" CreationDate="2015-11-15T12:14:07.503" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son oraciones subordinadas en función de complemento circunstancial. En concreto, precedidas por sin representan un complemento circunstancial de modo. Una estrategia que suele funcionar es sustituir la oración completa por un adverbio terminado en -mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salió &lt;strong&gt;sin que nadie se diera cuenta.&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; Salió &lt;strong&gt;clandestinamente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2013/08/ejemplos-sustantiva-de-c-circunstancial.html&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2013/08/ejemplos-sustantiva-de-c-circunstancial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2011/10/oracion-subordinada-circunstancial.html&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2011/10/oracion-subordinada-circunstancial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11073" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T12:14:07.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15343" CreationDate="2015-11-15T14:10:22.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración es gramaticalmente perfecta, puedes usarla en cualquier contexto que lo desees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11274" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T14:10:22.513" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15302" CreationDate="2015-11-15T23:02:28.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the right translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es tan grande como dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es igual de grande como dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are grammatically incorrect, as you cannot use the &quot;como&quot; adverb with the &quot;igual&quot; adjective. You should use &quot;que&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es igual de grande que lo que dijiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have the font:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=x7saBlU6HD6TWcwPVu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=x7saBlU6HD6TWcwPVu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Point 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T08:58:44.243" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T08:58:44.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T13:59:41.020" Score="3" ViewCount="799" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Spanish and can't get a handle on this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The dinner is prepared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cena esta preparada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't this the Spanish equivalent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cena esta preparado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11285" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T14:15:35.920" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T06:34:07.107" Title="Why do we say &quot;la cena está preparada&quot; and not &quot;está preparado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15349" CreationDate="2015-11-16T14:15:09.990" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the correct translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cena está preparada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? Because &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8Bs26eN%7C8Bvhg6D&amp;amp;o=h&quot;&gt;cena&lt;/a&gt; is a femenine word, so that you say &quot;la&quot; and &quot;preparada&quot;. That is, the participle verb is conjugated also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;desayuno&quot;, since it is masculine you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El desayuno está preparado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T14:15:09.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15351" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15353" CreationDate="2015-11-16T15:23:26.237" Score="8" ViewCount="4727" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno ha bebido mucho alcohol, al día siguiente es típico &quot;dormir la mona&quot;. Esto es, dormir largo y tendido para recuperar el cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/cultura/20140609/abci-origen-estar-todos-fregados-201406091250.html&quot;&gt;Leo&lt;/a&gt; que señalan este origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Dormir la mona», por ejemplo, se remonta al siglo XVI y que hace&#xA;  referencia a la costumbre que había de dar vino a los monos para ver&#xA;  el efecto que les provocaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así y todo me parece algo raro. Es decir, la expresión se refiere a &quot;recuperar el cuerpo&quot; de algún modo, mientras que el origen es más de &quot;intoxicar el cuerpo [de la mona] para ver cómo actúa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T15:34:45.153" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T06:14:37.677" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;dormir la mona&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15351" CreationDate="2015-11-16T18:41:15.357" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el origen se remonta a la práctica en fiestas de ofrecer vino a los monos para observar los efectos del alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya en el siglo XVI, se empleaba la palabra “mona” para referirse a la borrachera o a la persona ebria. Se designaba al hombre borracho melancólico como “mona triste” y al borracho que baila como “mona alegre”. El origen de la expresión se remonta a la práctica en fiestas de ofrecer vino a los monos para observar los efectos del alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estandarte.com/noticias/idioma-espanol/por-que-se-dice-dormir-la-mona_2606.html&quot;&gt;Estandarte: ¿Por qué se dice &quot;dormir la mona&quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://sigificadoyorigen.wordpress.com/2010/04/29/dormir-la-mona/&quot;&gt;otra referencia&lt;/a&gt; muy similar a la del artículo que enlazas en la pregunta. Parece ser que la comparación entre &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la conducta de un ebrio con la de un mono o una mona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que podríamos seguir aportando &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.defensacentral.com/ustedpregunta/categoria/gramatica/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-curiosa-expresion-dormir-la-mona/&quot;&gt;otros enlaces&lt;/a&gt; y en realidad se basan todos en la misma fuente, el libro &quot;Con dos huevos&quot; (ver el enlace de Estandarte)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nosabesnada.com/otras-curiosidades/69050/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-dormir-la-mona/&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt; indica que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el libro de El Quijote, del siglo XVII, puede leerse «tomar la mona» como equivalente a embriagarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y puede que entonces sea cierto que el origen de la expresión venga porque &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;simplemente, se compara la conducta de un ebrio con la de un mono o una mona, lo que tendría su lógica ya que se suele decir “hacer el mono” para describir a una persona que hace tonterías o animaladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T18:41:15.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2015-11-16T20:40:34.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish verbs &quot;comenzar&quot; and &quot;empezar&quot; are synonyms. There is no difference between them. Also &quot;iniciar&quot; means the same. Do not confuse trying to state differences where they do not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11291" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T20:40:34.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2091" CreationDate="2015-11-17T18:34:41.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As complement to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10304/5764&quot;&gt;@AmparadoLento's answer&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tobogán&lt;/em&gt; is a word generally known for reference wet slides (also known as &lt;em&gt;tobogán acuático / o de agua&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.co/search?q=rodadero&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1366&amp;amp;bih=667&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CAYQ_AUoAWoVChMI1LHyt4qYyQIVAzwmCh1IAQ0D#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=tobogan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Image results for tobogán&lt;/a&gt; in Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;rodadero&lt;/em&gt; is more related to small slides (dry) used by kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.co/search?q=rodadero&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1366&amp;amp;bih=667&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0CAYQ_AUoAWoVChMI1LHyt4qYyQIVAzwmCh1IAQ0D#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=rodadero%20infantil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Image results of rodadero infantil&lt;/a&gt; in Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T18:34:41.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15356" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-17T22:46:31.483" Score="2" ViewCount="619" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scouring TunedIn and Google search results, I've been unable to find a good talk radio station in Spanish. This is not a technical question, but rather a question about where to find the tools I need to improve my Spanish. &lt;strong&gt;If there's a different forum for Foreign Language Learning Tools/Strategies please let me know!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, here are my criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can be listened to online (either streaming live or by episode)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spoken in 100% Spanish for a Spanish-speaking audience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is free&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I'm looking for &lt;em&gt;specific&lt;/em&gt; sources for listening to talk radio or talk show Spanish. For example, a particular TunedIn station or Podcast would do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busando TunedIn y los resultados de búsqueda de Google, no he sido capaz de encontrar una buena estación de “talk radio”—o sea, un programa de conversación de radio—en español. Esto no es una pregunta técnica, sino más bien una pregunta acerca de dónde encontrar las herramientas que necesito para mejorar mi español. ** Si hay un foro diferente para Herramientas/Estrategias de Aprendizaje de Español, ¡por favor avísenme!**&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo contrario , aquí están mis criterios :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se pueden escuchar en línea (en tiempo real o por episodio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se habla en 100 % español para una audiencia de hispanoparlantes nativos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es gratis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez más, busco fuentes específicas para escuchar programas de radio “talk show” en español . Por ejemplo, una estación TunedIn en particular o Podcast lograría lo que se necesita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11303" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T07:50:12.463" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:50:12.463" Title="Native-speaking Spanish radio station or podcast for learning?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T07:50:19.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15356" CreationDate="2015-11-18T08:03:54.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Radio stations: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atresplayer.com/radio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Antena3 - La Sexta Radio&lt;/a&gt; (you need to register)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/live_radio_PopUp.shtml?id=1712486&amp;amp;v=undefined&amp;amp;vp=&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RTVE A la carta Radio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tunein.com/radio/Cadena-Ser-a38593/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cadena SER - TuneIn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Live TV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atresplayer.com/directos/television/lasexta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La Sexta Live TV&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podcasts in Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishpodcast.org/podcasts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish Podcasts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://radiolingua.com/lnd-cbs4-intro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RadioLingua podcasts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/programas/rne/todos/1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RNE all radio programs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.00podcast.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;00Podcast.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="1527" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T12:06:38.987" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T12:06:38.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15302" CreationDate="2015-11-18T16:23:57.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es tan grande como dices. --&gt; It's not as big as you say (it's smaller)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;as / as --&gt; tan / como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No es igual de grande como dices. --&gt; It has not exactly the same size as you&#xA;say (it could be bigger, it could be smaller)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I agree Ferchitas, in Spanish from Spain it sounds weird, maybe it sounds better in some American countries)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T16:35:50.583" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T16:35:50.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15356" CreationDate="2015-11-18T20:06:30.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://radioambulante.org/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Radio Ambulante&lt;/a&gt; is an excellent podcast on Latin American culture and history. Truly interesting, well researched stories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T20:06:30.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-18T20:58:24.627" Score="1" ViewCount="5437" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can somebody please tell me how these sentences change meaning when using preterite vs. imperfect?  And maybe give some example sentences that illustrate the difference??&#xA;It is very hard, this concept, for a native English speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba en escuela &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo estuve en escuela &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ella estaba en colorado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ella estuvo en colorado &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo estaba corriendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo estuve corriendo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T21:55:38.370" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T22:49:17.083" Title="Uso de &quot;estuve&quot; y &quot;estaba&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-21T14:23:02.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15360" CreationDate="2015-11-18T21:06:14.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba en la escuela = I was in the school&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estuve en la escuela = I was in the school&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ella estaba en colorado = She was in Colorado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ella estuvo en colorado = She was in Colorado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo estaba corriendo = I was running&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo estuve corriendo = I was running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another set of sentences that could help you better express different times like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo he estado en la escuela = I've been in the school&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella ha estado en Colorado = She has been in Colorado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo he estado corriendo = I've been running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;code&gt;Estaba&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;Estuve&lt;/code&gt; is very subtle. Both are past but &lt;code&gt;Estaba&lt;/code&gt; usually means that the action has finished and with &lt;code&gt;Estuve&lt;/code&gt; the action could still be incomplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T21:20:33.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15360" CreationDate="2015-11-19T04:12:51.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a pretty simple thing to remember this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estaba&lt;/code&gt; is used somewhat like the Past Progressive in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Estaba en la calle cuando me llamaron.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means that at this time, when I have been called, I was on the Street / outside. The call interrupted that action, but it later continued. An action could be finished, but that´s not necessarily the case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estuve&lt;/code&gt; however indicates something that has indeed terminated. Pretty much like the past tense in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11315" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T04:12:51.343" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15349" CreationDate="2015-11-19T04:23:11.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish uses two different forms of adjectives for each of the Spanish genders, which are masculin and feminin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;La cena&lt;/code&gt; is feminin and so it becomes preparada. &lt;code&gt;El amuerzo&lt;/code&gt; is masculin and would be preparado. A different example would be: &lt;code&gt;&quot;La casa es mía&quot;&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;code&gt;&quot;El apartamento es mío.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are very few exceptions, where a Word ends on o which is femin or on a and is masculin. Two common ones would be &lt;code&gt;El idioma&lt;/code&gt; which is &quot;the language&quot; or &lt;code&gt;La Mano&lt;/code&gt; which is &quot;the hand&quot;. Still in this case their respective form of the verb would be used: &lt;code&gt;&quot;El castellano es el idioma hablado en España.&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11315" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T04:23:11.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15365" CreationDate="2015-11-19T04:46:51.817" Score="1" ViewCount="3628" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed on various occassions, that sometimes the word computadora is used, while as well some people use computador or even ordenador. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I am able to somewhat understand the usage between computadora and ordenador, the usage of computadora and computador does confuse me. Is it a regional thing? Or is there anything more behind it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have Heard both forms of the word on Spanish as well as here in Venezuela. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11315" LastEditorUserId="11315" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T05:19:36.603" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T13:44:50.250" Title="Computador or Computadora?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-19T15:42:42.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15364" CreationDate="2015-11-19T09:45:29.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it is regional thing: Computador, computadora, ordenador, PC, all are diferents words to say 'computer'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is more common to say 'ordenador', whereas in Latin America 'computadora' or 'computador'. In countries with more English influence you can hear 'PC' often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the techincal background of the person I think can be important: people in the software industry usually say 'array' and not 'arreglo', or 'mouse' and not 'ratón', etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7199" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T10:39:22.610" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T10:39:22.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15356" CreationDate="2015-11-19T10:57:23.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;RNE is the Spanish public radio network, a part of Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE), the corporation responsible for managing national public-service broadcasting in Spain. There are 6 (IMHO high quality) free channels available online and via podcast (&quot;a la carta&quot;). There is a huge amount of programs availables covering almost any topic or music style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like its television broadcasting sister organisation, TVE, Radio Nacional is wholly financed by public funds and does not air commercials in its programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an abstract from english wikipedia with updated links (*):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-nacional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio Nacional&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (previously Radio 1) – Generalist channel with a broad&#xA;spectrum of mostly speech-based programming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-clasica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio Clásica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (previously Radio 2) – Concerts and classical music in&#xA;general.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio 3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – RNE's &quot;youth station&quot;, concentrating on pop, rock, world&#xA;music, folk, and allied cultural events.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio 4&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – Regional broadcasting in the Catalan language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio 5&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – 24-hour news.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/rne/radio-exterior&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio Exterior de España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – International broadcasting service on&#xA;short wave, with an audience of 80 million listeners (surpassed only&#xA;by the BBC and Vatican Radio). This station is also transmitted via&#xA;DAB for Spain and by satellite. Transmissions are in Spanish, French,&#xA;Arabic, Ladino, Portuguese, Russian and English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that RTVE/RNE are from Spain. Maybe you find interesting hearing other &quot;flavors&quot;. I'm pretty sure there are public radio networks in almost every spanish-spoken country. Could somebody comment or expand the list?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) &lt;em&gt;I'm, sorry, I have not reputation enough to post more than two links.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: Ya puedo, links actualizados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T10:05:03.980" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T10:05:03.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15364" CreationDate="2015-11-19T13:44:50.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain use the word ordenador, because put everything in order, Latinameria use computadora beause is an anglisism commimng for computer, this is the difference but you can use as well one or the other one, and better comptador&quot;A&quot; than computaror.&#xA;hope this helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11305" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T13:44:50.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15349" CreationDate="2015-11-19T14:01:26.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;because cena ending en &quot;A&quot; is femenin and all comming with it must to end in &quot;A&quot; preparada, rica, sabrosa, lista, ... ready... tasety, delicious and done, are sinonimus of this words in spanish when a word ends in O the resst end in o when ends in a the rest ends in a femenin with femenin masculin with masculin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11305" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T14:01:26.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-19T14:52:08.633" Score="5" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra vez estaba escribiendo y me interesa saber cómo expresar &lt;strong&gt;en inglés&lt;/strong&gt; el hecho de que algo es una &quot;cuenta pendiente&quot; (que es bien distinto de que dos personas tengan &quot;cuentas pendientes&quot; o que no haya pagado la luz y la &quot;cuenta esté pendiente&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi formación es buena en historia medieval pero el período previo siempre ha sido una &quot;cuenta pendiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que haya varias opciones con distinta connotación. Estoy interesado en todas ellas (aunque personalmente pienso que cuenta pendiente no tiene por qué ser siempre negativa, puede reflejar que es algo que no pudo hacerse a pesar del interés en ello).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="7031" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T16:33:42.100" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T16:09:20.027" Title="Tener &quot;cuentas pendientes&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15369" CreationDate="2015-11-19T16:29:58.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi sugerencia es usar una expresión bastante similar, que es tener una &lt;code&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A diferencia de &lt;code&gt;cuenta pendiente&lt;/code&gt; no tiene la connotación de &amp;quot;deuda&amp;quot;. Como bien dices &lt;code&gt;cuenta pendiente&lt;/code&gt; suele usarse en contextos de &amp;quot;deber algo a alguien&amp;quot;, ya sea a la compañía del gas o a otra persona por distintas razones (incluso de &amp;quot;revancha&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;venganza&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Batman tiene una &lt;em&gt;cuenta pendiente&lt;/em&gt; con el Joker desde que le pintó el batmóvil de rosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fulano tiene una cuenta pendiente con ese tipo porque le robó la novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;code&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/code&gt; por el contrario es más una &amp;quot;cosa que &lt;strong&gt;a mi&lt;/strong&gt; me ha quedado por hacer&amp;quot; (asunto o problema por resolver) pero que no necesariamente incluye terceras partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces el sentido puede ser casi literal: la asignatura que no aprobamos en su día y a la que tendremos que enfrentarnos en futuras convocatorias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El inglés es para mi, a mis 40 año, una &lt;em&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/em&gt;. Nunca lo aprendí bien en el colegio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi formación es buena en historia medieval pero el período previo siempre ha sido una &lt;em&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras veces el sentido de la expresión es menos literal y más figurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conseguir eliminar la corrupción es la &lt;em&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/em&gt; de este gobierno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tolerancia es todavía la &lt;em&gt;asignatura pendiente&lt;/em&gt; de nuestra sociedad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización&lt;/strong&gt; según las actualizaciones de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traducción adecuada para &amp;quot;cuenta / asunto / asignatura pendiente&amp;quot; puede ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unfinished business&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unresolved matter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To have a score to settle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T18:51:24.340" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15369" CreationDate="2015-11-19T18:35:08.713" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;unfinished business&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Those two have unfinished business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en tu ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.... but the previous period has always been an &lt;em&gt;unfinished business&lt;/em&gt; for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprueba &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.reverso.net/ingles-espanol/we%20have%20unfinished%20business&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T16:09:20.027" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T16:09:20.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15349" CreationDate="2015-11-19T18:40:21.333" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers are right. &quot;Preparada&quot; agrees with &quot;la cena&quot; and &quot;preparado&quot; would not.  I'd like to add one more bit.  Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He preparado la cena.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, &quot;preparado&quot; is a past participle,  a component of the perfect tense of the verb.  It does not have to agree with &quot;la cena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the original sentence, &quot;preparada&quot; is a predicate adjective, and it has to agree with the noun it qualifies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T18:40:21.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15360" CreationDate="2015-11-19T22:09:14.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree partly with DGaleano, who said that &quot;Estar es uno de los verbos mas complicados en todos los idiomas.&quot;&#xA;In English, &quot;estar&quot; (to be) it is pretty  straightforward, but English speakers (my American students are a good example) have problems distinguishing &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar.&quot;&#xA;Here are the differences, explained with two acronyms:&#xA;SER (TO BE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;General rule&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Ser is used to classify and identify permanent or lasting attributes. This acronym will help you remember the rule:  &lt;strong&gt;DOCTOR&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;escription, &lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt;ccupation, &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;haracteristic, &lt;strong&gt;T&lt;/strong&gt;ime, &lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt;rigin, and &lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt;elationship).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Description. Describe him or her &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YO SOY ALTA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YO SOY HOMBRE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Occupation or profession &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YO SOY ESTUDIANTE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ELLA ES ARTISTA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indefinite articles un, una, unos and unas are omitted when describing an occupation after the verb ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Characteristic. Define the essential qualities of a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ELLA ES INTELIGENTE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Origin. Describes the place a person is from or the material something is made from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SOY DE NUEVA JERSEY&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LA MESA ES DE MADERA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Time. Includes days, dates, and hours. For hours, use es for 1 o´clock and son for all other hours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ES LA 1 PM Y HOY ES MIÉRCOLES &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) Relationship. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LUISA ES MI MADRE, MARCOS ES MI AMIGO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even after someone dies or someone breaks up, relationships are described using ser. Religion are also described using ser since a religion is considered a relationship with a higher power. Relationships are a form of identity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ESTAR (TO BE)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;General rule&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar is used mainly to indicate temporary situations or conditions and locations. This acronym will help you remember the rule:  &lt;strong&gt;PLACE&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;osition, &lt;strong&gt;L&lt;/strong&gt;ocation, &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;ction, &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;ondition, and &lt;strong&gt;E&lt;/strong&gt;motion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  Position. Describes the place or posture a person or thing is in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EL ESTÁ SENTADO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Location. Describes where someone or something is permanently, temporarily, actually, or conceptually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YO ESTOY EN LA CIUDAD, LA CLASE ESTÁ ALLÁ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Action. Describes an ongoing action and uses the present progressive tense. In Spanish, death is an ongoing action, not a permanent state&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NOSOTROS ESTAMOS ESTUDIANDO, MI ABUELO ESTÁ MUERTO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Condition. The state of an object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EL COMPUTADOR ESTÁ DAÑADO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Emotion or feeling. How a person is feeling at a certain moment, physically or emotionally &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YO ESTOY FELIZ, ELLAS ESTÁN CANSADAS, ÉL ESTÁ SENTADO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11211" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T22:49:17.083" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T22:49:17.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15360" CreationDate="2015-11-20T05:11:26.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with this debate (here and in linguistics) is that we are discussing phrases that nobody would say. They may seem grammatically correct, but they are unacceptable and unnatural without extra elements in the sentence or a clear context. This is not just a matter of &quot;use&quot; but a semantic issue. Some of the sentences above NEED more elements to be correct and there is a reason for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the natives here: would you say &quot;Ayer, yo estaba en la escuela&quot; without anybody asking you where you were (because that person was wondering where you had been all this time) or without you explaining in relation to what you are talking about (Yo estaba en la escuela cuando...)? &quot;Ayer yo estuve en la escuela&quot;, on the other hand, may be said just like that, in a diary, for instance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example sentences in the question follow a mathematical formula that does not belong in natural languages. They are stripping the sentences of all what makes them sentences from Spanish. @PonyVilla, this topic is related to &lt;strong&gt;aspect&lt;/strong&gt;. In English it is there and you have it at a semantic level (although not grammatical level), so may be you can read more on the topic &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect&lt;/a&gt;  It is a bit complex at the beginning, but once you understand this, it is going to change your life because aspect is everywhere in Spanish! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11279" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T05:11:26.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15356" CreationDate="2015-11-21T13:51:24.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish and use this page to listen spanish radio stations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.emisora.org.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Emisora.org.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11334" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T13:51:24.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15378" CreationDate="2015-11-21T15:49:22.463" Score="1" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you explain the use of the preposition ''de'' in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablo un poco de español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it indicate possession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11290" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T22:48:19.070" LastActivityDate="2020-11-03T19:45:46.927" Title="Use of the preposition ''de''" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15377" CreationDate="2015-11-21T16:57:05.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un poco&quot; as an adjective is used to indicate a small amount of a noun which is not countable (for example, the noun &quot;Spanish&quot;, as you cannot have 5 or 6 &quot;Spanish&quot;). Here is the entry in the RAE dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;loc. adj. Con nombres no contables, denota cantidad pequeña. U. seguido de la preposición de.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With uncountable nouns, it denotes small quantity. Used followed by the preposition &quot;de&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, whenever you want to indicate a small amount of an uncountable noun, you use the phrase &quot;un poco de&quot; as the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the adjective &quot;poco/poca&quot; directly with uncountable nouns, but this carries the connotation of being not only small but also insufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T21:30:06.460" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T21:30:06.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15377" CreationDate="2015-11-21T17:05:01.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it does not indicate possession. &amp;quot;De&amp;quot; is used to indicate possession only for nouns (physical things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El auto de Miguel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel actually has a car, so &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; is used as possession there. But you can't have &amp;quot;un poco de español&amp;quot; because it's something that doesn't physically exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case &amp;quot;un poco de&amp;quot; is an entire expression, which express quantity. I don't speak too much Spanish, just a bit. &amp;quot;Un poco de ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11274" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-11-03T19:45:46.927" LastActivityDate="2020-11-03T19:45:46.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15343" CreationDate="2015-11-21T18:44:35.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many situations, I would have said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El ordenador es una herramienta muy útil&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish often uses the definite article to describe an object in the abstract.  I can't think of exactly when I would use the definite atricle and when I would use the indefinite article.  In normal conversation, I wouldn't even slow down to think about it.  Neither would a native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T18:44:35.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15377" CreationDate="2015-11-21T21:59:26.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am still a beginner in Spanish, but based of my general linguistic knowledge I believe it's a nice example of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partitive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;partitive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;partitive is a word, phrase, or case that indicates partialness &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you probably correctly determined, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish indicates the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;genitive&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Depending on the language, specific varieties of genitive-noun–main-noun relationships may include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;possession&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;composition (see Partitive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;participation in an action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;origin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;reference&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;compounds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;apposition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Possession&lt;/em&gt; is only one of many possible concept expressed by genitive.&#xA;In the case of &lt;em&gt;un poco de&lt;/em&gt; the genitive is used to express the &lt;em&gt;partitive&lt;/em&gt;, not the &lt;em&gt;possession&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For better understanding of what &lt;em&gt;possessive&lt;/em&gt; is, you may read the following summary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Roman languages, such as French and Spanish, feel more urge to use partitive in places where it is not required in English. E.g. in French you cannot say &quot;I want water&quot;, you have to say (word-by-word translation) &quot;I want of water&quot;. In Finnish they use partitive even for marking tank trucks with water &lt;em&gt;vettä&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;of water&quot;) instead of &lt;em&gt;vesi&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;water&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They explain it by stating that &quot;you cannot have all the water in the universe&quot;, you can have only a small portion &lt;strong&gt;of&lt;/strong&gt; water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The partitive is expressed by &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the genitive case&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with preposition (&lt;em&gt;of&lt;/em&gt; in English, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;special word ending for languages with declination&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the special partitive case (Finnish, Estonian)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is not a language with the special partitive case and they express the partitive concept by using genitive. So &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; usages of &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; are the expressions of the &lt;em&gt;partitive genitive&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15612/11155&quot;&gt;Is the phrase &amp;quot;un poco de&amp;quot; an example of partitive?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T16:52:44.517" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15382" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-22T00:15:40.743" Score="6" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish course book says &quot;borroso&quot; and &quot;empañado&quot; are synonymous but I'm not sure about that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched these two words on google images and I got steamed up glass for &quot;empañado&quot; and blurry photos for &quot;borroso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book I'm reading indicates that both words means &quot;blurry&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11627" LastEditorUserId="11627" LastEditDate="2015-11-22T00:56:14.283" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T18:56:36.740" Title="Are &quot;borroso&quot; and &quot;empañado&quot; synonymous?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15382" CreationDate="2015-11-22T04:35:48.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you take a bath, a steamy bath, the bathroom mirror becomes &quot;empañado&quot;. When you look at your own reflected image, you image looks &quot;borrosa&quot; (blurry), but the mirror is &quot;empañado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Empañado&quot; refers to the steam film covering the glass of the mirror, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T04:35:48.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2015-11-22T07:40:34.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I grow up in México city México. A place where people talk to each other i a double way.but you have to be there to get it. Is like the English expression that say. Do you digg it!! &#xA;If you say that to a person from other culture who don't get the English  jokes from family guy, it will be hard to explain, no impossible.but hard..now, to understand  ahuevo. I hope that my explanation is understandable.&#xA;.&#xA;For some reason having big huevos,,big balls!! &#xA;Is a power thing... I have big balls and a do what ever I want..when you dad ask you to do something and you say,, but way me??he say,, Well because of my focking balls!!..  That's when you do something,,,ahuevo!!&#xA;Now a frien of you ask you to drink a beer, is Wednesday you got things to do.,,But you got big balls and take the decision to do whatever you want right?? So you friend ask,, hey you want a beer??? You say ahuevo!! And I wanted cold please. :-) that's when you used  ahuevo as a affirmative way...&#xA;.let me know if you digg it please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11336" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T07:40:34.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15382" CreationDate="2015-11-22T12:41:52.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Borroso&quot; is a perception.&#xA;&quot;Empañado&quot; is a state of the thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2881" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T12:41:52.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15382" CreationDate="2015-11-22T14:12:01.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Borroso&lt;/strong&gt; is blurry and same as in English is when and image is not sharp. The water vapor in the shower mirror makes the mirror &quot;&lt;strong&gt;empañado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Also the breath in a closed car on a cold day make the car windows &quot;&lt;strong&gt;empañadas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Your image in that mirror or the images looking through those car windows are &quot;&lt;strong&gt;borrosas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Empañado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in this context is to cover a shiny or reflective surface on water vapor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple more uses of &quot;empañar&quot; like in &quot;Empañar el honor&quot; or &quot;Tiene los ojos empañados por las lagrimas&quot; but these cases are not as related to &quot;borroso&quot; as the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T14:12:01.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15227" CreationDate="2015-11-23T02:11:54.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case I wouldn't go for the direct translation; a spanish man / woman (I'm spanish) would say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos nuestros posts recíprocamente con los followers del otro en&#xA;  Twitter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or... simpler, rethinking the whole thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compartamos mis posts con tus followers y tus posts con los míos en&#xA;  Twitter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T02:11:54.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15390" CreationDate="2015-11-23T02:15:12.277" Score="6" ViewCount="5073" Body="&lt;p&gt;In episode 1 of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra_(franchise)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;extr@ en español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Lola is upset that Pablo is using her exercise bike. She yells at him:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tocas mi bici... ¡Si tocas mi bici, te echo! ¡Te echo! ¿Me entiendes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of &quot;te echo&quot; within the above context? The common translation is &quot;I miss you&quot;, but this translation makes no sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-11-25T09:32:21.073" LastActivityDate="2019-11-25T09:32:21.073" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;te echo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15388" CreationDate="2015-11-23T02:39:43.980" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Echar&quot; has a lot of meanings. This is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=echar&amp;amp;o=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;echar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer salir a alguien de algún lugar, apartarle con violencia, por desprecio, castigo, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is: 'I kick you out [of somewhere]'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentence '¡Si tocas mi bici, te echo! ¡Te echo!'  means 'If you touch my bike, &lt;strong&gt;I will kick you out of here&lt;/strong&gt;!'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-11-25T09:27:59.010" LastActivityDate="2019-11-25T09:27:59.010" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2015-11-23T03:53:11.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish is from Guatemala. We use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; as formal way just like everywhere else. &lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; are both used but they have their place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; in Guatemala is a used for endearment (romantic or family love) and would never be used on a pal. Its more for a lover or a mother to a child. If I used tu with a pal they would call me a fruit (&lt;em&gt;afeminado&lt;/em&gt;). If I used it on a girl I didn't know, I could get slapped in the face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vos&lt;/em&gt; in Guatemala is a little more rough but not formal. It might be used were the person is at equal stature. Example: a trucker would use it with another trucker, a school mate to an other, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11340" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T13:50:05.163" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T13:50:05.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15382" CreationDate="2015-11-23T14:26:49.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words could be considered synonyms since the effect is very similar. Is the cause of that effect that would make you choose one over the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the other answers are stating, the main difference is that &lt;code&gt;empañado&lt;/code&gt; is used to describe a blurry image due to water vapor or condensation. Thus, an image is &lt;code&gt;borrosa&lt;/code&gt; but not &lt;code&gt;empañada&lt;/code&gt; for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when I take off my glasses and I can't see&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when my tv is not getting good reception, and image is blurry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I use a copy machine to get a copy of a copy of a copy of a document, and the image starts loosing quality and is difficult to read.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;my memories about a certain event could also be described as &lt;code&gt;borrosos&lt;/code&gt; if I can't remember well (too long ago or too much alcohol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My car's windshield gets &lt;code&gt;empañado&lt;/code&gt; in the morning, due to mist, drew and cold (actually, nothing to do with an image here, just the state of a thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;my glasses get &lt;code&gt;empañadas&lt;/code&gt; when it is too cold outside and I get in a warm place (and my glasses being &lt;code&gt;empañadas&lt;/code&gt; might make me see everything &lt;code&gt;borroso&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-11-23T18:56:36.740" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T18:56:36.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-23T19:05:04.047" Score="1" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;code&gt;explicate&lt;/code&gt; (the cognate of  &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt;) to mean 'conjecture or explain possible reasons or origins', rather than books like &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0292761937&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Breaking Out of Beginner's Spanish&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0764143476&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1001 Pitfalls in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; which only state the difficulties with no explication whatsoever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What books explicate Spanish's difficulties, especially those counterintuitive to an Anglophone or Francophone?  I exemplify my meaning of 'difficulties' below, which no grammar book have explicated; I found the explications on Wikipedia's page about 'Vulgar Latin'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages#Development_from_Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[1.]&lt;/a&gt; [...]  Generally, the personal pronoun is unreduced (beyond normal sound change), while the article has suffered various amounts of reduction, e.g. Spanish &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; &quot;she&quot; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;illa&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; &quot;the (fem.)&quot; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;-la&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;illa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The  book must explicate such connections between  words (or Functional Morphemes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[2.]&lt;/a&gt; Most languages have one main copula, but some, such as Spanish and some other Romance languages, have more than one. This is because the verb or verbs meaning &quot;to be&quot; in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Romance languages&lt;/a&gt; are derived from not just one but THREE Latin verbs [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 introduced me to 2. Unhelpfully, grammar books neglect Latin copulas (sedēre, esse, stāre), which otherwise would easily aid learners to disambiguate &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, partly because:    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1. they both are more specific than 'to be' and 'être'; though a cognate of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, 'être' is broader because it subsumes the meanings of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2. knowledge of the Romance Copula explicates the irregularity of the conjugation of  &lt;em&gt;être&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T01:26:27.063" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T01:26:27.063" Title="What books explain Spanish's difficulties?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-11-24T09:18:08.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2015-11-23T22:53:09.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're better off saying &quot;en tus sueños&quot; as a form of saying &quot;you wish&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates from &quot;in your dreams&quot; directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11345" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-23T22:57:03.197" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T22:57:03.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15398" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-25T13:56:18.277" Score="7" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me voy&quot; means &quot;I'm leaving&quot;. The subject of the verb &quot;voy&quot; is &quot;yo&quot; and it is omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the reflexive pronoun &quot;me&quot; the object of the verb? And if so, why is it essential to use &quot;me&quot; when the subject is &quot;yo&quot;? Does this syntax have to do with the particular verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11290" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T15:14:52.457" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T11:06:41.830" Title="Syntax of the sentence ''Me voy''" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15398" CreationDate="2015-11-25T15:14:32.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; can be also &lt;code&gt;irse&lt;/code&gt;, that is, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/verbo_%20pronominal.htm&quot;&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/a&gt;. In such cases, the verb is conjugated together with a personal form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un verbo pronominal es el que usa los pronombres reflexivos (me, te,&#xA;  se, nos, os, se), generalmente es verbo intransitivo (no tiene&#xA;  objeto). Se usa el pronombre reflexivo para cambiar el sentido del&#xA;  verbo, acentuar la acción o indicar que la acción directamente afecta&#xA;  al sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dormir / dormirse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poner / ponerse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T15:14:32.717" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15322" CreationDate="2015-11-25T18:53:23.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You state three important facts in your comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The teacher was from Mexico.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She said it when saying goodbye.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It was years ago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based upon this evidence, I would speculate one of two possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;She actually said &quot;andale pues&quot;, but your memory may not recall the words correctly (I mean no afront to your mental capacities: we're all human and we all forget sometimes).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your teacher was using a play on words on the phrase &quot;Andale pues&quot;.  It is common in Mexico to say &quot;Andale pues&quot; just before saying goodbye.  Also, if you are familiar with Mexican culture, we like to play with words.  For reference, lookup &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albur&quot;&gt;Albur&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cal%C3%B3_%28Chicano%29&quot;&gt;Calo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, the intent of your teacher was most likely &quot;andale pues&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T18:53:23.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15402" CreationDate="2015-11-25T19:20:26.967" Score="3" ViewCount="2815" Body="&lt;p&gt;After googling for half an hour, finally I found the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It means &lt;strong&gt;United States&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I added the preposition &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; to make it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;United States of America&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estados Unidos de America&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help correct my sentence!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T07:18:41.597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T15:01:01.863" Title="Correct way to say United states of America in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15401" CreationDate="2015-11-25T20:03:55.487" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;We say both &lt;strong&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Estados Unidos de América&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In normal conversations you may say &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However, the official name in Spanish is &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos de América&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ever have another question like this, you always have the trick of going to the Wikipedia article in English and then selecting the article in Spanish. In this case you would access &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estados_Unidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estados_Unidos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T15:01:01.863" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T15:01:01.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15418" CreationDate="2015-11-26T12:55:16.637" Score="5" ViewCount="8302" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gusta mucho la palabra &lt;em&gt;tirillas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZrDvlFW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. tirilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de tira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona delgada y endeble. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa en España (no sé si en otros sitios) para definir a alguien que es &quot;poca cosa&quot;, es decir, flojo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación &quot;&lt;code&gt;del diminutivo de tira&lt;/code&gt;&quot; me parece algo parca, ¿alguien sabe darle una explicación más extendida?. Y también, ¿se usa en otros países de habla castellana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T15:38:08.840" LastActivityDate="2020-10-09T23:48:42.767" Title="¿Por qué llamamos &quot;tirillas&quot; a alguien que es &quot;poca cosa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15398" CreationDate="2015-11-26T18:21:35.333" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To further add to an already good answer by fedorqui let me say that you are right and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me voy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; means &quot;&lt;code&gt;I'm leaving&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, however if you do not use the reflexive &quot;me&quot; and just say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;voy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it is equivalent to &quot;&lt;code&gt;I'm coming&lt;/code&gt;&quot; like when someone asks you to come. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In response to a question like &quot;&lt;code&gt;¿quién va a ir a comprar la cerveza?&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (who is going to buy the beer?) you would answer &quot;&lt;strong&gt;yo voy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (I'll go) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other uses of &quot; voy&quot; without &quot;me&quot; but this is to illustrate that using or not using &quot;me&quot; really changes the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T10:15:25.353" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T10:15:25.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15411" CreationDate="2015-11-26T18:44:49.873" Score="4" ViewCount="916" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lesson on Memrise.com has the word &quot;puesto&quot; defined as an adjective meaning &quot;placed, set&quot;. I've not found any examples that use &quot;puesto&quot; according to this definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May someone give an example sentence on how to use &quot;puesto&quot; as an adjective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T10:34:26.590" Title="May someone give an example on how to use &quot;puesto&quot; as an adjective?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15409" CreationDate="2015-11-26T19:17:00.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;puesto&quot; is most used as a verb. As you said used similar as placed or set like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;He puesto la pelota encima de la mesa&quot; --&gt; I put the ball on the table&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Puesto&quot; as adjective is more colloquial, has many uses, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estás muy puesto en tu trabajo&quot; --&gt; You are very concentrated in your job&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T19:17:00.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15409" CreationDate="2015-11-26T20:22:55.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puesto&lt;/em&gt; is a participle, so it is a non-finite form of a verb. A couple of examples would be when you refer to a set table (&lt;em&gt;una mesa puesta para dos personas&lt;/em&gt;, a table set for two), or the popular Spanish saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;a rey muerto, rey puesto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, said when someone leaves a post and is quickly replaced, which would be roughly and literally translated as &quot;when a king dies, another is put in his place&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T20:22:55.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15414" CreationDate="2015-11-26T23:23:31.600" Score="4" ViewCount="1886" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo cuándo usar el subjuntivo con frases como &quot;espero que &lt;em&gt;verbo subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;…&quot; y muchas frases similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, estoy confuso con qué otras palabras y combinaciones lo utilizan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo frases sin construcciones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Buscan un hombre que hable inglés para el trabajo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Conozco un hombre que habla inglés.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11364" LastEditorUserId="11364" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T14:21:08.103" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T14:21:08.103" Title="Algunas ejemplos de subjuntivo sin &quot;que&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15412" CreationDate="2015-11-27T00:10:15.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de que sea lo que quieres saber, pero, según la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, el &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; puede omitirse en ciertas oraciones sustantivas subordinadas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Admiten omisión de &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; con subordinadas en subjuntivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los verbos de petición, mandato y otras formas de influencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le solicitaron cumpliese la promesa dada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El toro era mando y el público pidió fuese devuelto al corral.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La ley ordena sean castigados con dos años de prisión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;agradecer&lt;/em&gt; cuando introduce peticiones cuyo cumplimiento se&#xA;  agradece por anticipado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mucho le agradecería me comunicara si acepta las condiciones del&#xA;  contrato.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos verbos de voluntad, en particular los que ponen de manifiesto&#xA;  la actitud favorable del sujeto en relación con lo que ha de suceder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te deseo seas muy feliz en tu matrimonio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te deseo tengas suerte en la vida.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunas subordinadas de sujeto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es necesario tenga presente que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es posible exista petróleo en esta región.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más detalles, puedes consultar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Conjunci%C3%B3n%20que%20-%20omisi%C3%B3n.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este extracto de la NGLE&lt;/a&gt;, o en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sitio oficial de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; (pon &quot;43.3&quot; en el buscador).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T00:10:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15412" CreationDate="2015-11-27T02:37:15.967" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo posee varias formas de convocarse cuando no se dispone de un &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; o un &lt;em&gt;de que.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;tengas&lt;/strong&gt; hijos, te darás cuenta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;puedas&lt;/strong&gt; ir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuese&lt;/strong&gt; ese el caso o no, tendremos que ceder.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Si tan solo &lt;strong&gt;hablaras&lt;/strong&gt; más despacio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Jamás &lt;strong&gt;vayas&lt;/strong&gt; a fallar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también incluye las oraciones de subjuntivo sobre los condicionales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;pasase&lt;/strong&gt; esto...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; sabido...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los imperativos en negativo, siempre se convoca el subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No lo &lt;strong&gt;hagas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;tomes&lt;/strong&gt; decisiones apresuradas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así sucesivamente, hay infinidades de ejemplos para convocar el modo subjuntivo sin usar el &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de que.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T12:29:07.940" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T12:29:07.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15404" CreationDate="2015-11-27T07:36:59.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se usa en Perú, pero la correlacion del significado subsiste para determinar alguien que es poca cosa. Por ejemplo: &quot;mequetrefe&quot; = Hombre entremetido, bullicioso y de poco provecho (según RAE). También se aplica para señalar una persona endeble (sentido inverso &quot;tirillas&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7138" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T12:11:22.977" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T12:11:22.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15409" CreationDate="2015-11-27T08:47:05.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ub1yygM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its entry for &amp;quot;puesto/a&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; RAE states three different meanings of &lt;code&gt;puesto&lt;/code&gt; as an adjetive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Resuelto, empeñado, determinado. &lt;em&gt;Puesto en librar a la señora.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Bien vestido, ataviado o arreglado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Experto o buen conocedor de la materia o asunto que se expresa. &lt;em&gt;Muy puesto en matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On &lt;em&gt;italics&lt;/em&gt; are the examples RAE provides. An example for entry number two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los invitados han ido muy puestos a la boda.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain &lt;code&gt;puesto&lt;/code&gt; is also used to define someone who is high on drugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Juan está puesto, se nota que hoy se ha drogado.&#xA;Juan is high, it's clear he has taken some drugs today.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I guess this is kind of a slang, I don't know if it's used outside Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="295" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T10:34:26.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15398" CreationDate="2015-11-27T10:42:36.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case the pronoun has inchoative function. That is, it indicates that the action begins to be realized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a Francia. (I go to France)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy a Francia. (I'm going to France, now or at some point in past or future)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durmió. (She slept)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se durmió. (She fell asleep)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T11:06:41.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15404" CreationDate="2015-11-27T11:39:41.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España sí que se usa. En los ámbitos familiares y amigables es bastante usada, ya que tiene un carácter despectivo o jocoso y fuera de esos ámbitos puede acarrear problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de la palabra viene por antonomasia al paralelismo que viene de alguien que es muy endeble y delgado, y que por tanto suele hacerse daño y lleva tiritas o bien por la sinonímia de que una tira es algo alargado y endeble. Al ser una expresión coloquial el origen es desconocido, pero estas son las referencias más plausibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si la palabra &quot;tirita&quot; es muy usada fuera de España, pero para la gente que no lo sepa, tirita se puede asociar a &quot;band aid&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencias: &lt;a href=&quot;http://365palabras.blogspot.com.es/2012/05/tirillas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://365palabras.blogspot.com.es/2012/05/tirillas.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tirillas es un término coloquial que proviene de la voz tira (pieza&#xA;  larga y delgada de tela, papel, cuero…) de ahí que este sustantivo se&#xA;  emplee para denominar a un hombre delgado, endeble, flaco, enjuto e&#xA;  incluso... escuchimizado. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T13:13:25.673" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T13:13:25.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15419" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15420" CreationDate="2015-11-27T18:57:25.740" Score="2" ViewCount="7744" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un tiempo leí en The Workplace &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/55220/can-a-boss-tell-an-employee-not-to-go-to-human-resources#comment141935_55228&quot;&gt;este comentario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Very good answer. (...) My teacher, instead of being pissed and angry&#xA;  at him, &lt;strong&gt;went to see him with a six-pack and suggested they talk to&#xA;  each other&lt;/strong&gt;. The guy apparently had a very crappy life but this was&#xA;  enough for him never to park on my teacher's spot again. To this day,&#xA;  they still talk. Sometimes the nice way is clearly the best way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de lo interante de lo que dice en sí, me quedé pensando en si tenemos en castellano algún equivalente al &quot;six-pack&quot; inglés. Es decir, alguna forma de referirnos a un paquete de seis bebidas, normalmente cervezas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso y pienso y no se me ocurre nada. ¿A alguien le suena algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:49.887" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T11:22:10.387" Title="¿Tenemos algún equivalente a &quot;six pack&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15419" CreationDate="2015-11-27T19:13:10.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a este foro de discusión en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/six-pack.2038079/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference.com&lt;/a&gt;, las expresiones mas comunes son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paquete de seis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Six Pack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que ambas expresiones son comprensibles cuando se trata de cervezas (especialmente, cervezas &lt;em&gt;en lata&lt;/em&gt;); hay otras expresiones que derivan de las expresiones anteriores según cada país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un término también empleado para pedir un paquete de cervezas es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Petaco de cervezas&lt;/em&gt; o simplemente &lt;em&gt;petaco&lt;/em&gt; : Sin embargo, este &lt;em&gt;paquete&lt;/em&gt; incluye mas de seis cervezas (24 unidades exactamente).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para extender la respuesta, La expresión &lt;em&gt;six-pack&lt;/em&gt; también se entiende para referirse a los abdominales; para este caso en específico, he escuchado el siguiente término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chocolatina&lt;/em&gt;: Debido a la similitud de las divisiones que tienen las barras de chocolate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, en las siguientes líneas se puede leer: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Todos tienen &lt;strong&gt;lavadero&lt;/strong&gt; y yo tengo &lt;strong&gt;lavadora&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tsr4K4H2yhI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fuente.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado (aunque en menor medida que &lt;em&gt;chocolatina&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lavadero: Esto es por lo firme/sólido de la superficie donde se lava y restriega la ropa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T14:31:23.020" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T14:31:23.020" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2015-11-27T21:06:46.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;se te va el avión&quot; doesn't just mean that some person is frequently forgetting something, but also if you say stupid/crazy things that are no related to the topic you are talking about. For example if I ask you about the whether and you say &quot;it was a busy Monday&quot; then people could say &quot;a Richard se le va el avión&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other similar phrase is &quot;dar el avión&quot; (they are not interchangeable) This means that some person does not consider important something that other person is saying, for example, &quot;Mike me dió el avión&quot;, that means Mike doesn't care about what I am saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11367" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T17:20:26.827" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T17:20:26.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15423" CreationDate="2015-11-28T00:54:26.167" Score="2" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;(&quot;trastero&quot; means storage room)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DRAE, Wiktionary, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimologias.dechile.net&lt;/a&gt; didn't provide any etymologies. I know that there's &quot;tras&quot; (over/beyond), &quot;traste&quot; (cooking utensil), &quot;trasto&quot; (useless thing), and &quot;-ero&quot; (forms places where a general noun resides), but I'm not sure how/whether those words are related to &quot;trastero&quot;. Is it that storage rooms are places for useless things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En español: DRAE, Wiktionary, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimologias.dechile.net&lt;/a&gt; no proveen etimologías de &quot;trastero&quot;. Yo sé que hay &quot;tras&quot;, &quot;traste&quot; (utensilio de cocina), &quot;trasto&quot; (cosa inútil), y &quot;-ero&quot; (indica residencia), pero no estoy seguro si/cómo esas palabras están relacionados con &quot;trastero&quot;. ¿Es que trasteros son lugares para cosas inútiles?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11369" LastEditorUserId="11369" LastEditDate="2015-11-28T01:18:00.970" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T16:54:30.627" Title="Etymology of &quot;trastero&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15422" CreationDate="2015-11-28T01:22:39.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's pretty clear that it comes from &lt;strong&gt;trasto + -ero&lt;/strong&gt;, given that the definition of &lt;em&gt;trastero&lt;/em&gt; is (DRAE 23&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ed., translation mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt; Said of a piece or of an attic: that its purpose is to store the &lt;strong&gt;trastos&lt;/strong&gt; that are not being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The suffix &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; is used, among other things, to designate a “place where something abounds or is deposited” (DRAE 23&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; ed., &lt;em&gt;-ero, ra&lt;/em&gt;, translation mine).  Also be aware that &lt;em&gt;trastos&lt;/em&gt; doesn't just mean a useless thing.  It can also be used for containers (especially for tools), props or decorations (especially in theater), or furniture.  It's these sense that likely gave birth to &lt;em&gt;trastero&lt;/em&gt; originally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word derived from &lt;em&gt;tras&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;trasero&lt;/em&gt; and means &quot;behind&quot; (opposite of &lt;em&gt;delantero&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es evidente que viene de &lt;strong&gt;trasto + -ero&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que la definición de &lt;em&gt;trastero&lt;/em&gt; es (DRAE 23.ª ed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una pieza o de un desván: Que está destinado a guardar los &lt;strong&gt;trastos&lt;/strong&gt; que no se usan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; se usa, entre otras cosas, para significar un «lugar donde abunda o se deposita algo» (DRAE 23.ª ed., &lt;em&gt;-ero, ra&lt;/em&gt;).  También ten en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;trasto&lt;/em&gt; no solo significa una cosa inútil.  También puede significar decoraciones (sobre todo teatrales), contenedores (sobre todo de herramientas) o muebles.  Estos significados deben de ser los que originaron &lt;em&gt;trastero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra derivada de &lt;em&gt;tras&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;trasero&lt;/em&gt; y es el antónimo de &lt;em&gt;delantero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-11-28T16:54:30.627" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T16:54:30.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15424" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-28T09:01:21.177" Score="8" ViewCount="33132" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to an online dictionary (spanishdict.com), one can say &quot;I'm sorry&quot; in three ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;perdón&quot; to apologize (&lt;em&gt;Perdón por...&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lo siento&quot; in more formal occasions (&lt;em&gt;Lo siento mucho por su pérdida&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;disculpa&quot; which is also more formal than &quot;perdón&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &quot;I'm sorry, but I can't help you&quot;, which verb would be best to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11290" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-04T13:58:12.200" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T03:35:53.183" Title="What is the difference among &quot;perdón&quot;, &quot;disculpa&quot; and &quot;lo siento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-11-28T12:03:20.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perdón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is mostly used when you made a huge mistake and you regret it from the bottom of your heart. But if you want to say some like you say, it's enough with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo siento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;disculpa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference in meaning is not that big, except the last one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo siento, pero no puedo ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Disculpa, pero no puedo ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Perdón, pero no puedo ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last one normally requires a little bit of emphasis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perdón, pero realmente no puedo ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;disculpa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; has a different use when you offer it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te debo una disculpa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we don't use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo siento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te debo un lo siento.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T12:03:20.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15419" CreationDate="2015-11-28T16:10:16.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe el término &quot;gavera&quot; (lo puedes buscar en dle.rae.es) que generalmente es para 24 bebidas. Cuando son seis, he escuchado decir &quot;una gaverita de seis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11373" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T16:10:16.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-11-28T16:25:56.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding more information, you can say &quot;disculpa&quot; (excuse me) or &quot;perdón&quot; (pardon) when interrupting a conversation, but not &quot;lo siento&quot; (because you don't feel sorry for interrupting that conversation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the contrary, you can say &quot;lo siento&quot; at a funeral, but not &quot;disculpa&quot; or &quot;perdón&quot; (because it's not your fault the death of that person).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11373" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T16:25:56.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15282" CreationDate="2015-11-28T18:05:30.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al igual que en español existe en francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué tiene que ver esto con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducción: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qu'est-ce que cela a à voir avec&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no existe en inglés donde se usa el verbo hacer &lt;em&gt;(to do)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué tiene que ver esto con = &lt;em&gt;What has this to do with&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esto se parece el inglés al latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tener que ver =&gt; haber que ver =&gt; habens facere (literalmente: &lt;em&gt;haber que hacer&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11373" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T15:57:20.070" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T15:57:20.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15430" CreationDate="2015-11-28T18:31:56.093" Score="2" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been doing my homework on a online platform which our university provided and I came at sort of impasse.&#xA;I am supposed to form sentences from several words provided in the exercise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When given words: se / en / español / cómo / dice / man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote: &lt;em&gt;Cómo se dice man en espaňol?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However for some reason this is not the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible that I have missed something really obvious or is it just an error in the exercise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-28T19:40:37.003" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T19:40:37.003" Title="What is wrong with following answers? Possible error in exercise?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15429" CreationDate="2015-11-28T18:41:06.443" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few things that stick out pretty clearly that would quickly throw off an on-line system depending on how it's been configured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Cómo se dice man en espaňol?&#xA;^ need opening question mark (¿)&#xA;&#xA; Cómo se dice man en espaňol?&#xA;             ^   ^ need quotation marks or italics&#xA;&#xA; Cómo se dice man en espaňol?&#xA;                         ^ need ñ (U+00F1 or U+006E U+0303)&#xA;                           you have ň (U+0148 or U+006E U+030C)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all, you should have the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice «man» en español?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(alternates for «man»: “man” ‘man’ &quot;man&quot; 'man' &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the systems that I've used in teaching, I'd say the &lt;strong&gt;ñ/ň&lt;/strong&gt; swap is the most likely to cause the mistake, I'd give it a 50/50 chance that the lack of &lt;strong&gt;¿&lt;/strong&gt; caused it, and the lack of quotation marks / italics is highly unlikely to have caused it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, another possibility is that the system expected some other word order.  Spanish has &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; more flexible word order than English.  With this one, there's not too many common options, but all of the following are also grammatically valid (the first one is the only really likely one that the system would have used):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se dice en español &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo, en español, se dice &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En español, ¿cómo se dice &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Man&lt;/em&gt; en español, ¿cómo se dice?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En español &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; se dice ¿cómo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-11-28T18:57:54.160" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T18:57:54.160" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4303" CreationDate="2015-11-29T03:17:06.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según contaban mis ancestros &quot;orto&quot; viene de huerta. Los inmigrantes italianos solían tener una pequeña huerta en la parte trasera de su jardín, de ahí la asociación. Una expresión anterior era &quot;andá a cerrar el orto&quot; la cual se le decía al italiano para que se vaya o se metiera en sus propios asuntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente perdura y significa &quot;cerrá la boca&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11378" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T11:45:04.187" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T11:45:04.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15450" CreationDate="2015-11-29T14:04:57.593" Score="5" ViewCount="2166" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba ayer viendo una película argentina (&quot;Nueve Reinas&quot;, del año 2000, por si eso condiciona de alguna forma) cuando observé una forma diferente de llamar los años:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para decir el año 1920 decían &quot;mil nueve veinte&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De la misma forma, el año 1990 lo dirían &quot;mil nueve noventa&quot;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en lugar de &quot;mil novecientos...&quot; decían &quot;mil nueve&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan común es esta expresión en Argentina? &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/6915/rodrigo&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt; comenta que también se usa en Chile y oigo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0mPTnNrovU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un político de Bolivia&lt;/a&gt; que también lo usa. ¿Se usa en otras zonas de América del Sur? ¿Es normativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-11-13T16:54:58.247" LastActivityDate="2019-11-13T16:54:58.247" Title="¿&quot;Mil nueve&quot; para indicar el año 1900?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15388" CreationDate="2015-11-29T15:54:10.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Echar&quot; also means &quot;to lash out at someone, to give somebody a preach&quot;. &quot;un rapapolvo / una bronca&quot; is then left out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11381" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T15:54:10.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15160" CreationDate="2015-11-29T16:05:05.900" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tomar&quot; is indeed best &lt;strong&gt;not to be used in that context&lt;/strong&gt;, since it refers more to the fact that you've &lt;strong&gt;asked&lt;/strong&gt; for a glass of water (Tomar= &quot;I'll take a glass of water&quot;, &quot;I want to &lt;strong&gt;order&lt;/strong&gt; a glass of water, please.&quot;) so using it this way may very well be incorrect. &quot;Tomar&quot; does not mean &quot;I &lt;strong&gt;finished&lt;/strong&gt; my glass of water.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11384" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T16:05:05.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-30T00:48:04.930" Score="1" ViewCount="1098" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juego&lt;/em&gt;, además de su significado más sencillo, se puede entender como cosas que guardan relación entre sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un juego de cartas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El traje hace juego con el maletín.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿cuál es el origen de este significado de &lt;em&gt;juego&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T15:33:01.443" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de estos significados de «juego»?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15438" CreationDate="2015-11-30T06:28:07.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/diccionariogener04echeuoft#page/30/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;origen etimológico&lt;/a&gt; es el mismo, el latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/iocus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iocus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (broma, chanza); &quot;juego&quot; como &quot;conjunto de cosas que guardan relación entre sí&quot; se usa también en catalán, francés e italiano (&lt;em&gt;joc&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jeu&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gioco&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente): hasta ahí lo que puedo decir con fundamento. El hecho de que en latín no tuvo al parecer ese significado me hace pensar que este surgió de alguna de estas lenguas, y pienso que habrá tenido su origen en &quot;juego&quot; como &quot;conjunto de cartas&quot; o &quot;conjunto de elementos necesarios para la práctica de un juego&quot; (acepciones 6 y 7 del &lt;a href=&quot;http://larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/jeu/44887&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Larousse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T06:28:07.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15445" CreationDate="2015-11-30T11:39:49.490" Score="3" ViewCount="922" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I translate &amp;quot;The two of you&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos de usted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos de ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Google Translate (GT), either of these can be used. However, I do not completely trust GT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Los dos de ustedes&amp;quot; seems proper to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &amp;quot;los dos de usted&amp;quot; does not seem to be proper because &amp;quot;los dos&amp;quot; is plural while &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot; is singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is one or both of these proper Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two of you speak Spanish with different accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos de usted(es) hablan español con diferentes acentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T17:12:00.717" Title="&quot;los dos de usted&quot; or &quot;los dos de ustedes&quot;: Which one is correct?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15444" CreationDate="2015-11-30T12:27:03.577" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;los dos de usted&quot; and &quot;los dos de ustedes&quot; do not make much sense. &quot;los dos de usted&quot; is even gramatically incorrect, since &quot;usted&quot; should be plural, as you mention in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, the more idiomatic way to translate it is to use &lt;strong&gt;Ustedes dos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The two of you speak Spanish with different accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ustedes dos hablan español con diferentes acentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, depending on the case, you can even omit the &quot;dos&quot; because it is obvious. For example, if you are talking with these two people and no other person is around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T14:37:58.997" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T14:37:58.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15444" CreationDate="2015-11-30T13:10:46.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, fedorqui... While you normally &lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt; be correct, it would depend on what you are actually trying to say. &quot;Los dos de ustedes&quot; &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; make perfect sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way... I congratulate you on not trusting GT. It makes a translation job that is good enough for humans to understand, but makes horrible use of grammar and sometimes vocabulary. Sometimes, when it can actually not figure out what you are trying to say, it actually leaves your original text (or some of it) untranslated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now,when would you be incorrect?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume you where trying to say: The two [&lt;em&gt;representatives&lt;/em&gt;] from you. If the word representatives is clear enough from context, said form is correct.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Granted:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is not what you would normally said in everyday usage.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The example I have given is only that,a quick example. You could construct other sentences with context derived words where that form would be correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11389" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T13:10:46.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15444" CreationDate="2015-11-30T17:02:47.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;GT toma ambas opciones válidas ya que está interpretando la frase original en español como posesión, o sea &quot;los dos elementos que le pertenece(n) a usted(es)&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el inglés perdió la diferencia entre 2ª persona singular y plural, ambas frases en español dan la misma traducción al inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la pregunta: &quot;Los dos de usted&quot; es incorrecta, &quot;Los dos de ustedes&quot; es correcta, pero no suena natural, &quot;Ustedes dos&quot; es correcta y suena natural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, con &quot;Ustedes&quot; ya alcanza para referirse a un grupo de personas, salvo que la idea aquí sea llamar la atención de un subgrupo del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T17:12:00.717" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T17:12:00.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-11-30T17:19:41.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I fear I may sound totally subjective here, but to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Lo siento&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the literal translation of &quot;I'm sorry&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Disculpa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means you acknowledge there has been a fault, but it wasn't your fault&quot;, like when you bump into someone in the train.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Perdón&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means you know it's your fault and you ask for forgiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T17:19:41.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15432" CreationDate="2015-11-30T21:08:03.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile es muy frecuente acortar los números largos, sobre todo quitando el sufijo de las centenas. Es una costumbre arraigada que se da en situaciones informales y que no implica en absoluto un bajo nivel cultural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en el habla cotidiana el número 1.340 se puede decir de cualquiera de estas formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mil trescientos cuarenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mil tres cuarenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque en situaciones formales se usa sólo la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos excepciones son &lt;em&gt;ciento&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;quinientos&lt;/em&gt;, que nunca se eliminan (por ejemplo 1540 siempre es &lt;em&gt;mil quinientos cuarenta&lt;/em&gt;, nunca &lt;em&gt;mil cinco cuarenta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DaKuMz2pXHo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este video&lt;/a&gt; se puede escuchar un ejemplo en la televisión. El primer locutor dice &amp;quot;ocho noventa y cinco&amp;quot; y el segundo dice &amp;quot;ochocientos noventa y cinco&amp;quot;. El ejemplo es bueno porque el primer hablante usa las dos formas en una misma cifra y no genera confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se presentan formas ambiguas, que deben ser aclaradas por el hablante, dándose situaciones un poco confusas. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Hay que hacer los ejercicios de la página mil dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Mil doscientos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-No. Mil dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a las unidades de mil, se da sólo un caso de acortamiento, cuando el resto de la cifra es 500. Por ejemplo el número 3.500 se puede decir en situaciones informales de cualquiera de estas dos formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tres mil quinientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tres quinientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T11:39:52.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11969" CreationDate="2015-12-01T00:31:32.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Venezuela we use to say: &quot;un chico se vaciló (o se vacila) a esa chica&quot;, to indicate that he seduces a girl without serious intent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also say &quot;me vacilé ese paseo&quot; to mean &quot;I enjoyed the ride&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The song &quot;El Nazareno&quot;, by Ismael Rivera says: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo estaba en un vacilón,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fui a ver lo que sucedía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuando más me divertía y empezaba a vacilar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No sé de dónde una voz vine a&#xA;  escuchar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vacilón&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;a moment of enjoyment&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A third meaning of &quot;vacilar&quot; (in Venezuela): we use to say &quot;vacílate esta película&quot;, i.e. &quot;please watch this movie&quot;, the sense in this case is to enjoy without complication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11401" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-12-02T15:04:22.923" LastActivityDate="2019-12-02T15:04:22.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-01T14:10:41.900" Score="4" ViewCount="4300" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras navegaba por diferentes sitios web de &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt;, he encontrado que la expresión &lt;em&gt;ave maría&lt;/em&gt; tiene los siguientes usos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/995/what-exactly-is-a-hail-mary?rq=1&quot;&gt;Nombre de la oración católica dirigida a la Virgen María.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/45500/is-the-hail-mary-pass-in-football-offensive-to-catholics&quot;&gt;En fútbol americano, es &lt;em&gt;(según entiendo)&lt;/em&gt; un pase largo.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras menciones/usos que he escuchado son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXGgKiYSVuE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nombre de la composición musical &lt;em&gt;(lied)&lt;/em&gt; hecha por Franz Schubert.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Expresión usada en Colombia por los habitantes del departamento de Antioquia y sus alrededores &lt;em&gt;(aunque no conozco muy bien la definición)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la anterior información, me pregunto: &lt;strong&gt;¿cuáles son los otros usos, orígenes y significados de la expresión &amp;quot;Ave María&amp;quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La respuesta aceptada debería (además) exponer las definiciones más elaboradas de las expresiones presentadas en la pregunta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T19:58:59.887" Title="¿Cuáles son los otros usos, orígenes y significados de la expresión &quot;Ave María&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15454" CreationDate="2015-12-01T15:46:05.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Puerto Rico, la frase ¡Ave María! se usa para indicarle a otra persona que alguna acción se supone que sea obvia, sin tener una connotación ofensiva (a diferencia de decirle a una persona bruto(a), la cual puede ser ofensiva). Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Se supone que supieras que las chinas van en este envase! ¡Ave María!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como México se dice &quot;¡Si serás!&quot; (digo que esta frase es de México porque Don Ramón del Chavo del Ocho usaba mucho esa frase)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traté de buscar alguna referencia para mi respuesta, pero no encontré nada concreto. Lo mas cercano que encontré fue este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wapa.tv/noticias/entretenimiento/asi-se-habla-en-puerto-rico_20131122237932.html/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt;. En él, definen la expression &quot;¡Ave María!&quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expresión de sorpresa, alegría o decepción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que esta definición es muy genérica, la definición presentada inicialmente sería un contexto de &quot;¡Ave María!&quot; en forma de decepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(NOTA: el enlace es de la página web del canal de televisión puertorriqueño WAPA). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="9377" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T12:27:02.220" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T12:27:02.220" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15454" CreationDate="2015-12-01T22:46:24.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Mexico, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ave Maria, tambien puede ser interpretado como el nombre de una calle: Avenida Maria, que esta abreviado como Ave. Maria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien existe la frase: Ave Maria purisima, la cual se usa mayormente por mujeres mayores, y se usa cuando pasa algo que causa asombro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AaxjT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AaxjT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se si esto sea valido para la respuesta pero: &#xA;Recuerdo en la escuela muchos usaban la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ave Maria, dame buena punteria&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la pronunciaban por silabas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A-Ve Ma-ri-a da-me bue-na pun-te-ri-a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y todo con el fin de escojer al azar algo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo general una opcion, en examenes de opcion multiple. O verdadero y falso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien se usaba para escoger al azar a alguna persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene el mismo significado que la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Pedro picapiedra dice asi yaba daba du sales TU&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T22:46:24.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2015-12-02T02:37:16.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español mexicano equivale a &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;guey&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&#xA;Ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué onda guey?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué pasó guey?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;los fresas sólo dicen &amp;quot;gueee&amp;quot;     &amp;quot;wueee&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T20:03:04.627" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14687" CreationDate="2015-12-02T16:30:32.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia the expression used is &quot;Saludar&quot;.  &quot;Voy a saludar a ...&quot;.  Keep in mind that &quot;saludar&quot; also is used to greet someone,  however in a specif context,  it's meaning goes beyond the act of greeting and extends to the act of saluting of paying respect to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T16:30:32.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2015-12-02T16:42:47.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as a sidenote, let me tell you that in Colombia the expression &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Te dejo el tren&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is frequently used to mean that time has passed for you,  and the precise context in which used is related to a person's marital status.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If to or from somebody is said &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo dejo el tren&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it means that for that person that the probabilities of getting married are low,  mainly because time has passed and is getting old.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that this expression has a wide array on less educated populations where getting married and early age and giving birth to child is a very important issue and not getting married is seem as a woman's or man's failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T16:42:47.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-02T17:25:16.120" Score="2" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Duolingo acaba de salir el curso de catalán y empecé a hacerlo, todo normal hasta que llegué a estas oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No como, aunque cocinas conejo con verdura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No menjo malgrat cuines conill amb verdura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque cocinas verdura con pollo, yo no como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encara que cuines verdura amb pollastre jo no menjo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No bebes, aunque el vino es mio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No beus malgrat el vi és meu.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parecieron muy extrañas, ya pasó un día y ya las asimilo mejor pero inicialmente me extrañé demasiado por la falta del subjuntivo. Pregunté en las foros de las oraciones y un hablante de catalán se extrañó de que me hubiese extrañado. Me dijo que funciona igual en español decir las oraciones de arriba en tiempo presente como decirlas con subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No como, aunque cocin&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;s conejo con verdura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque cocin&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;s verdura con pollo, yo no como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No beb&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;s, aunque el vino &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; mio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que en las áreas cercanas a la región de influencia del catalán esto ha de funcionar igual pero ¿es así en otras partes del mundo hispanohablante?&#xA;Con lo del subjuntivo incluso siento que para que sonara normal a mis oídos haría falta un futuro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No como/voy a comer/comeré, aunque cocin&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;s conejo con verdura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque cocin&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;s verdura con pollo, yo no como/no voy a comer/comeré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso tal vez podría ser cuestión de gustos pero en fin. ¿En español se pueden construir esas oraciones sin subjuntivo conservando el mismo significado? (Sobre todo en áreas lejanas al catalán o españa) Saludos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T17:19:42.787" Title="¿Uso de presente en vez de subjuntivo?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15465" CreationDate="2015-12-02T20:28:07.660" Score="9" ViewCount="1079" Body="&lt;p&gt;El nombre José puede tener distintos diminutivos: Jose (¿sin tilde?)... y Pepe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leí en alguna ocasión que Pepe es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipocor%C3%ADstico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hipocorístico&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;apelativos cariñosos, familiares o eufemísticos usados para suplantar a un nombre real&lt;/em&gt;) que viene de la creencia que José de Nazaret era el &lt;em&gt;Padre Putativo&lt;/em&gt; de Jesús, por lo que se fuera contrayendo hasta PP → Pepe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/sociedad/20140319/abci-porque-jose-pepe-201403190741.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hay artículos&lt;/a&gt; que indican que puede haber otras teorías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí que me pregunte: ¿hay alguna certeza sobre el origen de la equivalencia entre Pepe y José?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T23:35:21.557" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T13:26:09.630" Title="¿Por qué Pepe es equivalente a José?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15460" CreationDate="2015-12-03T16:58:05.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí están mal escritas las frases que viste en Duolingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No como, aunque cocinas conejo con verdura.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede leer bien, sin poner en subjuntivo el verbo de la subordinada (cocinar).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque cocinas verdura con pollo, yo no como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es prácticamente la misma idea anterior, pero escribiendo primero la oración subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No bebes, aunque el vino es mio.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Podría ser el equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No estás bebiendo, aunque el vino es mío.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que de todas maneras yo lo escribiría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No bebes (ahora), aunque el vino &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; mío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mal usado el &lt;strong&gt;imperativo negativo&lt;/strong&gt; en la primera oración, donde yo escribiría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No bebas, aunque el vino &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; mío.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No confundirlo con un subjuntivo: ojo, si bien tienen la misma forma, decir &lt;strong&gt;no bebas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;no fumes&lt;/strong&gt;, no tiene nada que ver con subjuntivo, porque son imperativos negativos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicación gramatical:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero que todo, el contexto de las tres oraciones que viste en Duolingo corresponde al de las &lt;strong&gt;Oraciones concesivas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oraciones concesivas:&lt;/strong&gt; son aquellas en que se expone una contrariedad a lo expresado en la oración principal, pero denotando al mismo tiempo que dicha contrariedad, aun concedida, no invalida lo afirmado en la principal. [1]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto del modo verbal de la oración subordinada, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La oración subordinada puede ir antes, en medio o después de la oración principal; con el modo indicativo expresa objeción real, y con el subjuntivo, objeción posible. [1].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, a modo de resumen, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oración subordinada en indicativo: objeción real:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque hay peligro, salgo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Recopilo los documentos, aunque sé que no están todos todavía acá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oración subordinada en subjuntivo: objeción posible:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque haya peligro, saldré.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Deberás recopilar los documentos, aunque haya algunos que no encuentres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, dicho lo anterior, por mi experiencia en Latinoamérica, se podría escuchar frases en modo indicativo que debieran estar en subjuntivo, y por lo general se entiende de todas maneras el mensaje. Sin embargo, en los ejemplos que mostraste, no los considero bien escritos (simplemente porque no expresan claramente el mensaje).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[1]: Gramática Española, Curso Superior. F.T.D. (1958). pp 305-306.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-12-03T17:19:42.787" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T17:19:42.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15462" CreationDate="2015-12-03T17:41:32.903" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el artículo, sólo parece haber dos teorías. Yo había leído únicamente acerca de la primera, y lo que recuerdo de ella es que &quot;P P&quot; por &lt;em&gt;pater putativus&lt;/em&gt; se escribía en las catacumbas cristianas porque era menos riesgoso en tiempos de persecución. La segunda teoría no creo que deba estar muy reñida con la primera, ya que supongo que el italiano &lt;em&gt;Beppe&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Peppe&lt;/em&gt; podría tranquilamente derivar de &quot;P P&quot;. Lo cierto es que jamás vi una foto de una catacumba o de un misal que dijera &quot;P P&quot;, aunque tampoco la busqué. Pero lo que me resultó interesante fue que, según dice el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepe&quot;&gt;artículo de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...en castellano no se ha podido aún documentar pues, según el CORDE,&#xA;  &quot;Pepe&quot; no aparece con este uso hasta el siglo XVIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego de enterarme de qué era el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, procedí a darle una mirada y, efectivamente, las &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=rKsGAAAAQAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA310#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot;&gt;primeras menciones&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;Pepe&lt;/em&gt; son de esas fechas; al parecer, las &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/becerrogticode03card#page/124/mode/2up&quot;&gt;más antiguas&lt;/a&gt; hacen referencia al nombre franco Pipino y sus equivalentes (Riesco, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.upo.es/ghf/giest/documentos/otros/Riesco2006_anotacionestoponimicassalmantinas.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anotaciones toponímicas salmantinas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, p. 258). Igual, es la primera vez que consulto el CORDE así que seguramente habrá más y mejores explicaciones que esta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T17:41:32.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15467" CreationDate="2015-12-03T19:20:04.523" Score="5" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, generally we say or write &lt;em&gt;adjective + noun&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;code&gt;the full moon&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;brown dog&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does order matter in Spanish, for instance &lt;em&gt;Hablo un poco español&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;Hablo español un poco&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11416" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-03T19:52:51.847" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T19:52:51.847" Title="Adjective placement - Does order matter?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15466" CreationDate="2015-12-03T19:45:19.647" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Order, definitely, matters&lt;/strong&gt;. Can be tricky to see with your example (Hablo un poco espanol vs. Hablo espanol un poco) since &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=XIOy6EDaEDXX2SgWzFSQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;poco&lt;/a&gt;&quot; can work both as adjetive and adverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other examples are easier. For &quot;full moon&quot; we would say &quot;la luna llena&quot;, never, &quot;llena luna&quot; and for &quot;brown dog&quot; we would say &quot;perro marrón&quot;, never &quot;el marrón perro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here comes the tricky part. Could you actually see (or hear) &quot;la llena luna&quot; and &quot;el marrón perro&quot;? The answer is &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;. Is that because the order or position of the adjetive in respect of the noun does not matter in Spanish? &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The adjective can actually be placed before or after, but sometimes you can change the meaning by doing that, since the adjective will qualify the name in a different way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning does not change in &quot;el perro marrón&quot; vs. &quot;el marrón perro&quot;. The &lt;em&gt;appreciation&lt;/em&gt; may change though. More or less, a postponed adjetive gives you an &quot;objetive&quot; appreciation of the noun (&quot;La casa &lt;strong&gt;pequeña&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, the house was small in size. &quot;el coche amarillo&quot;, the car was in fact yellow) while an adjetive that precedes the noun is more likely to be a &quot;subjective&quot; appreciation (&quot;la triste mirada&quot;, sounds more poetic and subjective than &quot;la mirada triste&quot;. &quot;El radiante sol&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other times, the meaning changes dramatically, like &quot;el viejo amigo&quot; vs. &quot;el amigo viejo&quot;. The later means that the friend is old in age. The former that the guy has been a friend for quite some times (but still could be young in age).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, basically, &quot;noun + adjetive&quot; is used to stress a quality of the noun through the adjetive. &quot;Adjetive + noun&quot; remarks an &quot;inherent&quot; quality of that noun&quot; (like, &quot;la dura roca&quot;. All rocks are hard. The adjetive is remarking it. It not like I'm using the adjetive to qualify, like I would do to distinguish between two things (like, &quot;la roca pequeña&quot; vs. &quot;la roca grande&quot; or &quot;El perro inteligente&quot; vs. &quot;el inteligente perro&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T19:45:19.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15471" CreationDate="2015-12-04T11:38:50.377" Score="4" ViewCount="2568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am living in Málaga, Andalucia. There's a guy friend always calls me &quot;Kari&quot; when he starts conversations with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He told me this use to call some kind of best friend, and it's only used in Andalucia, but Nobody ever calls me that since I've been here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering about the real meaning of this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T13:25:11.437" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T13:25:11.437" Title="What's the meaning of &quot;Kari&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15470" CreationDate="2015-12-04T12:04:57.610" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it is not &quot;Kari&quot; but &quot;Cari&quot;, or it has this leading &lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt; because of the typical usage of &lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; in internet messages. Either ways, it stands for &lt;strong&gt;cariño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading from &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/cari%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4   Se emplea para dirigirse cariñosamente a una persona: &lt;em&gt;¡hola,&#xA;  cariño!, ¿qué tal el colegio?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is way to address someone you feel very much attached to. It may be a friend, but it is normally used between partners in a couple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also hear it in shops, like in the market, where a [normally] older woman can say the following to the next customer in the queue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te pongo cariño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, it corresponds to a very specific context and I would feel a bit embarassed if some new friend would adress me like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a funny extra, there is a growing feeling that such expressions are quite &quot;ugly&quot;, so you can find posts like: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cosasqmepasan.com/2013/01/cari-churri-chatay-demas-horrores.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cari, churri, chata... y demás horrores&lt;/a&gt; stating that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los (supuestos) nombres cariñosos son un arma de doble filo. Por un&#xA;  lado tienen un componente de cariño, de confianza, de intimidad, de&#xA;  posesión en el buen sentido de la palabra que mola mucho pero por otro&#xA;  lado son una manera fabulosa de conseguir que alguien te pierda el&#xA;  respeto para siempre jamás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T10:48:31.743" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T10:48:31.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15472" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15479" CreationDate="2015-12-04T18:26:19.967" Score="0" ViewCount="1552" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te presento a mi amigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this sentence distinguish between the following two meanings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I introduce you to my friend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I introduce my friend to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T06:36:02.893" Title="&quot;Te presento a mi amigo&quot; - who is being presented to who?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-12-07T16:04:37.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15482" CreationDate="2015-12-04T18:41:40.073" Score="5" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any hint to guess, when I hear an unknown word, if is is spelled with &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any hint to guess, when I hear an unknown word, if is is spelled with &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean any kind of rule of thumb, a hint based on other Romance languages, based on the word origin etc.? Maybe something like &quot;If it is spelled like &lt;em&gt;xxx&lt;/em&gt; in Latin, then it is spelled &lt;em&gt;yyy&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="11155" LastEditDate="2018-04-23T10:40:48.710" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T10:40:48.710" Title="Is there a rule of thumb to guess if the word is spelled -ll- / -y-, -g- / -j- / -x-?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15473" CreationDate="2015-12-04T20:21:30.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Write 'LL':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words which finish in 'illo', 'illa' or derivates: cuchillo, vajilla, cepillo, apellido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words which finish in 'alle', 'elle', 'ello', 'ella': valle, camello, bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some verbs finish in 'llar': cepillar, arrodillar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write with 'Y':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs forms which finish in 'uir': disminuir [disminuyo], concluir [concluyo]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;syllable 'yec': proyector, eyección&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the sound 'yer': yerba, yerno (WARNING: hierro, hierba)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs forms which without 'Y', 'LL' in infinitive: oir [oye], ir [voy]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;after the syllables 'ad', 'dis', 'sub': adyacente, disyuntor, subyacente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words starting with 'yu': yudo, Yucatán (WARNING: lluvia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write 'G':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words with 'geo' [sciences]: geografía, geología, geometría&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words with 'leg, 'germ', 'gest': legado, germano, gesto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with the sound 'gen': gente, gentilicio (WARNING: ajeno, ventaja)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs finishing with 'ger', 'gir': coger, urgir (WARNING: crujir, tejer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;composites and derivates of words with 'g': generalmente, gentío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;word which finish with 'gésimo', 'génico', 'genario', 'geneo', 'génico', 'genio', 'genito', 'gético', 'giénico', 'ginal', 'gineo', 'ginoso', 'gismo', 'gia', gio, 'gión', 'gionario', 'gioso', 'gírico', 'ógica', 'ígena', 'ígeno', 'igero', 'inge', 'gente', 'gencia': ingenio, higiénico, lógica, indígena [WARNING: espejísmo]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;after 'n' or 'r': ángel, engendro [WARNING: extranjero, canje, monje, tarjeta]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write with 'J':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;words with 'aje', 'eje', 'ije', 'oje', 'uje': viaje, teje, ojeras. [WARNING: verbs forms which infinitive finish in 'ger', 'gir'(proteger, elegir); ir when after the combination come 'l', 'n', 's': flagelación, agente]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;word finish with 'aj', 'aje', 'eje', 'oj', 'jero', 'jera', 'jería': equipaje, reloj, relojero, relojería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verbs form which in indicative didn't use 'G' or 'J': dije (decir), conduje (conducir)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when is necessary change the 'g' by the sound in the first person for verbs forms (yo elijo), second person (usted elije), and all cases for subjunctive (nosotros elijamos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;credits: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lengua.laguia2000.com/ortografia/el-uso-de-la-g-y-la-j&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lengua.laguia2000.com/ortografia/el-uso-de-la-g-y-la-j&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write with 'X':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words starting with 'ex' before 'pr' and 'pl': exprimir, expreso, explicar, explosión [WARNING: espliego, esplendor]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words starting with 'ex' when means something out, person which finish some charge: extremo, expresidente, excomulgado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words starting with 'xeno' (foreigner), 'xero' (dry), 'xilo' (wood): xenofobía, xerocopia, xilófono&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Words starting with 'extra' (out of): extraterrestre, extranjero, extramuros, extraordinario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;credits: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elabueloeduca.com/aprender/lengua/ortografia/reglasdelax.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.elabueloeduca.com/aprender/lengua/ortografia/reglasdelax.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;note: don't take this like oficial rules from RAE, there can be other rules or exceptions!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7199" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T20:21:30.970" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15476" CreationDate="2015-12-04T21:52:50.650" Score="5" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I saw this tweet on Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vRQaT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vRQaT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which for me raises the question of formality and dialect uses of &quot;tu mujer&quot; vs. &quot;tu esposa&quot;. Is one more formal than the other? I ask because I know that &quot;tu mujer&quot; translates literally to &quot;your woman&quot; (though it does seem to be linguistically correct to use it as &quot;your wife&quot;). Is there a difference in Spanish dialects (e.g. Latin American Spanish)  as to how &quot;tu mujer&quot; is interpreted vs. &quot;tu esposa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9550" LastEditorUserId="8966" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T23:09:44.730" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T19:57:20.843" Title="Formalidad de &quot;Tu mujer&quot;" Tags="&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15475" CreationDate="2015-12-04T22:40:42.657" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;tu mujer&quot; when refers to your wife, but &quot;tu esposa&quot; is more formal. By example when I go to present my wife to another person I never say &quot;Les presento a mi mujer&quot; I say &quot;Les presento a mi esposa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tu mujer&quot; is not the same as &quot;Tú, mujer&quot;, in this case &quot;Tu mujer&quot; is &quot;Your wife&quot; and &quot;Tú, mujer&quot; is &quot;You, woman&quot;, because in this case you are making reference to a specific woman when you say &quot;Tú&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that in Spanish an  accent can change the signification of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case &quot;Tu mujer es un mono&quot; is &quot;Your wife is a monkey&quot;, and really this phrase is bizarre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T22:40:42.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15472" CreationDate="2015-12-04T23:04:18.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both answers are possible. You can't distinguish at least that you see the action when the person is saying the phrase. When you say in spanish &quot;Te presento&quot; and you don't specify a little more this could by this can be the person to introduce or the friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="8966" LastEditDate="2015-12-05T01:04:45.783" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T01:04:45.783" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7115" CreationDate="2015-12-05T01:36:51.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Spanish speaker and I understand 100% of spoken Ladino. Written Ladino takes a little thought, but I can also understand it 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am Colombian and quite frankly I have a harder time understanding Caribbean dialects than I have understanding Ladino podcasts. My impression is that the division as two languages is mostly political... I think you can understand why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I had to look at the two languages purely from a linguistic perspective, I'd classify them as dialects of the same language. (disclaimer: I'm not a professional linguist, just interested in the subject)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11428" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-15T17:14:13.913" LastActivityDate="2020-06-15T17:14:13.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15472" CreationDate="2015-12-05T06:36:02.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt; means to introduce the direct object, generally to the indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; could be either a direct or an indirect object. If the sentence had a direct object with it (&lt;em&gt;te presento mi libro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;te lo presento&lt;/em&gt;) then we'd know for sure it's functioning as an indirect object. Likewise, if it as an indirect object (&lt;em&gt;ye presento a la compañía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;te le presento&lt;/em&gt;), we know for sure it functions as an direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with that in mind, let's look at the rest of the sentence. &lt;em&gt;a mis amigos&lt;/em&gt; looks like a pretty clear indirect object, but because &lt;em&gt;amigos&lt;/em&gt; is animate, it requires the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; if it's a direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, as stated, the sentence is ambiguous. Both &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mis amigos&lt;/em&gt; can function as either the direct or the indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can force the &lt;em&gt;you to them&lt;/em&gt; making by adding a second pronoun in front of the verb &lt;em&gt;te les presento a mis amigos&lt;/em&gt; because coapparition of the indirect object is permitted with the explicit reference after the verb. Direct objects only allow for coapparition when the explicit reference is in front of the verb, so the sentence stays unambiguous even in &lt;em&gt;leísta&lt;/em&gt; dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to force the &lt;em&gt;them to you&lt;/em&gt; meaning would be to say &lt;em&gt;te los presento&lt;/em&gt;, but then you'd have to mention your friends first: &lt;em&gt;a mis amigos te los presento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T06:36:02.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15419" CreationDate="2015-12-05T11:22:10.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace algunos decenios era más acostumbrado en España referirse a cantidades por docenas.  De hecho, los huevos se siguen vendiendo por docenas.&#xA;Los &lt;em&gt;&quot;packs&quot;&lt;/em&gt; de seis unidades se suelen llamar &lt;strong&gt;medias docenas&lt;/strong&gt; que, además, es fácilmente comprensible por toda la comunidad hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2881" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T11:22:10.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15481" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-06T18:26:18.647" Score="5" ViewCount="531" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces se iba feliz a su casa para no seguir desafiando al azar, pero después se sentía enloquecer de ansiedad &lt;strong&gt;porque volvieran a ser todo el día las cinco de la tarde de todos los días&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente en las oraciones causales el modo verbal va en indicativo... Entonces ¿por qué tenemos el subjuntivo aquí? ¿Hay algo hipotético en esta frase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T02:16:00.790" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T15:32:14.487" Title="¿Me podríais explicar por favor por qué en esta frase se emplea el subjuntivo?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15473" CreationDate="2015-12-06T21:09:26.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you know Latin and the word is of Latin origin, then it's generally possible to predict. As the RAE went modifying the orthography, while stressing etymological spellings, they recognized that some non-etymological spellings were so ingrained in society that it would be pointless to try to revert them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with that in mind...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Between &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; has its origins in double consonants, either intervocalic &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bella&lt;/em&gt;), or word initial &lt;em&gt;cl&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;llave&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;fl&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; as in fire) and &lt;em&gt;pl&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lleno&lt;/em&gt;).  Notice many of these have duplets in the language due to later reimportation from Latin (&lt;em&gt;clave/llave&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pleno/lleno&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; comes out of Latin &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; (which were the same letter anyways).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Between &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; comes out of Latin consonant clusters with an /s/ such as &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;dijo&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;ps&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;), the semivowel /j/ (like &lt;em&gt;jota&lt;/em&gt; or in combination with certain consonants as in &lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt;), and come sibilants (&lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt;). The consonants clusters developed into sibilants along the way hence they end up &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;dixit&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;dijo&lt;/em&gt; we went /ks/ to /ʃ/ to /χ~h/)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; for Latin &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; or intervocalic &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; purely for etymological reasons almost exclusively in prefixes and retains its /ks~gs/ sound intervocalicly and in some dialects /s/ in front of consonants, or words that were lexicalized early on, intervocalicly, the sound change for the /ks/ cluster took hold, giving words like &lt;em&gt;ejemplo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the word is not of Latin (or Greek, for some cases of &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;), then if you know the language the word came from, you may be able to guess it, but those rules will be based on particular conventions between Spanish and that language (and more specifically, Spanish of the time the word entered and that language from the time the word entered).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-12-06T22:30:38.800" LastActivityDate="2015-12-06T22:30:38.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15481" CreationDate="2015-12-06T21:31:44.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un buen ejemplo del &lt;strong&gt;pluscuamperfecto simple del indicativo&lt;/strong&gt; que tiene muy poco uso en el español moderno. Solo suele disfrutar de uso en textos muy literarios, algunos textos periodísticos, y en el habla de los hablantes que también hablan el gallego o el asturiano que han mantenido este modo para las formas &lt;em&gt;-ra-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puédese reescribir la frase sustituyendo la forma con &lt;em&gt;-ra-&lt;/em&gt; por el imperfecto del indicativo de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; con el participio pasado del verbo original así formando el pluscuamperfecto compuesto del indicativo sin cambiar su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces se iba feliz a su casa para no seguir desafiando al azar, pero después se sentía enloquecer de ansiedad &lt;em&gt;porque &lt;strong&gt;habían vuelto&lt;/strong&gt; a ser todo el día las cinco de la tarde de todos los días.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí un trozo de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE sobre el tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§24.2i.&lt;/strong&gt; El uso de &lt;strong&gt;cantara&lt;/strong&gt; como forma del subjuntivo comenzó a extenderse en el siglo XV, especialmente a partir de las oraciones condicionales y de otros contextos modales, y se hallaba afianzado en el Siglo de Oro.  El antiguo empleo de &lt;strong&gt;cantara&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;había cantado&lt;/strong&gt;, que había experimentado un declive progresivo en los siglos XVI y XVII, fue retomado por algunos escritores en los siglos XVIII y XIX por imitación de los usos antiguos.  Estos usos de &lt;strong&gt;cantara&lt;/strong&gt; eran muy comunes en la lengua literaria de esos siglos y permanecen hoy vivos en las hablas dialectales del noroeste de la Península Ibérica.  Así &lt;em&gt;adquieran&lt;/em&gt; significa ‘habían adquirido’ (o bien ‘hubieran adquirido’) en el texto siguiente: &lt;em&gt;Había contado con el éxito de operaciones bien preparadas y con las posiciones que adquirieran sus hijos&lt;/em&gt; (Goldós, &lt;em&gt;León Roch&lt;/em&gt;).  La extensión tuvo éxito, y hoy es frecuente en la lengua literaria —y más aún en la periodística y la ensayística— de casi todos los países hispanohablantes.  Se suele entender entender que &lt;strong&gt;cantara&lt;/strong&gt; pertenecer aquí propiamente al paradigma del indicativo, de acuerdo con la distinción introducida en el § 24.1d. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puédese leer algunos ejemplos en dicha sección y sobre algunas de las restricciones en su empleo (exceptuando en los dialectos del noroeste de España en los que substituye por el pluscuamperfecto totalmente) en § 24.2j&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T14:43:02.500" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T14:43:02.500" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15487" CreationDate="2015-12-07T07:43:51.050" Score="5" ViewCount="3875" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a youtubear a ver una película filipina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &lt;code&gt;to youtube&lt;/code&gt; en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T10:08:58.390" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T19:06:27.390" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;to youtube&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2015-12-07T08:59:05.327" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;En castellano no hay generalmente ningún verbo para indicar ver algo en Youtube. Normalmente, se suele traducir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a ver en Youtube una película filipina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros casos, sí se usan anglicismos, como retuitear (Twitter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11073" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-17T00:16:24.980" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T00:16:24.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15475" CreationDate="2015-12-07T19:25:11.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mi mujer&quot; is preferred pretty much exclusively in Castillian Spanish. Almost no one in Spain would say &quot;esposa&quot;: it would feel like listening to a poet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11442" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T19:57:20.843" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T19:57:20.843" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2015-12-07T23:15:30.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español no es tan fácil convertir sustantivos en  verbos a diferencia del inglés. La traducción directa así como la quieres sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Youtubear&lt;/em&gt;: Voy a &lt;em&gt;youtubear&lt;/em&gt; una película filipina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eso no tiene sentido, podrías intentar decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a ver una película filipina en youtube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a estar en youtube viendo una película filipina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T00:15:23.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-07T23:58:57.730" Score="4" ViewCount="4490" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tras&quot; was in one of the texts we read in Spanish class once and when I looked it up on spanishdict, it said it means &quot;after&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I asked two of the Spanish teachers at my school and my friend who is a native speaker if I could use &quot;tras&quot; interchangeably with &quot;después&quot;, they all told me that the two were not the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They all told me something about how &quot;tras&quot; is for things directly after another, but I did not really understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone provide a rule for using the two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11452" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T09:17:47.553" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T09:17:47.553" Title="Difference between &quot;después&quot; and &quot;tras&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15489" CreationDate="2015-12-08T00:09:23.147" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are similar but not the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;code&gt;tras&lt;/code&gt; is a preposition, whereas &lt;code&gt;después&lt;/code&gt; is an adverb. Also, &quot;tras&quot; is used in more formal contexts, so it is unlikely to hear it in a casual conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, there is a clear equivalence between &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tras&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;después de&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Whenever you have a sentence with one of the forms, the other one is equally correct. Again, with the touch of formality when using &quot;tras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aOnVELH%7CaOozPBt&quot;&gt;tras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. Después de, a continuación de, aplicado al espacio o al tiempo. &lt;em&gt;Tras este tiempo vendrá otro mejor&lt;/em&gt;. En voces compuestas, u. c.&#xA;  pref.; p. ej., &lt;em&gt;trastienda, trascoro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. En busca o seguimiento de. &lt;em&gt;Se fue deslumbrado tras los honores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. Detrás de, en situación posterior. &lt;em&gt;Tras una puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prep. Fuera de esto, además. &lt;em&gt;Tras de venir tarde, regaña.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DQBHjWr&quot;&gt;después&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. Detrás o a continuación. &lt;em&gt;El ejemplo va después DE la definición.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. Más tarde, o con posterioridad. &lt;em&gt;Te veré después. Después DE amanecer. Después DE que llegue.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. Denota posterioridad en el orden, jerarquía o preferencia. &lt;em&gt;Esquines fue el mejor orador de Grecia después DE Demóstenes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T00:09:23.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15495" CreationDate="2015-12-08T15:23:09.283" Score="4" ViewCount="1729" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a translation that means something similar as it does in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case I need that this was in the Informatic Sciences field, you can see the expression in this book: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0596007736&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java in a Nutshell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T15:45:59.353" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T11:13:20.873" Title="What's the Spanish expression for 'In a nutshell'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15481" CreationDate="2015-12-08T15:32:14.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se trata de una oración causal, sino de un complemento de &lt;em&gt;ansiedad&lt;/em&gt;, que expresa el objeto de la misma. La oración subordinada va en subjuntivo porque expresa un deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE indica &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en el DPD&lt;/a&gt; que en este caso lo correcto sería escribir &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; + la conjunción subordinante &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;. Esta secuencia&#xA;aparece en el caso de verbos, sustantivos o adjetivos que rigen un&#xA;complemento introducido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; y llevan además una&#xA;oración subordinada introducida por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final optaron por que no se presentase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Están &lt;strong&gt;ansiosos por que empecemos&lt;/strong&gt; a trabajar en el proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos confesó su preocupación por que los niños pudieran enfermar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, es bastante común encontrarse con &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt; en estos casos, probablemente porque oralmente son indistinguibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notar que &lt;em&gt;ansioso&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2lENUCe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ansioso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;anxiōsus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Acompañado de ansias o congojas grandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene ansia o deseo vehemente de algo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda requiere un complemento, la primera puede llevar una oración causal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy ansioso porque son las cinco de la tarde. (y es un momento del día que no me gusta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy ansioso por que sean las cinco de la tarde. (y sé que algo bueno va a pasar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La principal pista para distinguir entre una y otra situación no es el espacio entre &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, que no existe oralmente, sino el modo del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del fragmento de García Marquez está expresando el deseo permanente del personaje de que vuelvan a ser las cinco de la tarde, el momento en que se encuentra con su amante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T15:32:14.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15491" CreationDate="2015-12-08T15:43:15.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;En pocas palabras&quot; (this would be my personal choice) &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;En breve&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;En resumen&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;En esencia&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate says: &quot;en una palabra&quot;... please don't use this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="292" LastEditorUserId="292" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T19:28:51.637" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T19:28:51.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15491" CreationDate="2015-12-08T15:44:08.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like always, idiomatic expressions cannot be translated directly and saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;Java en una cáscara de nuez&quot;&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't make any sense. Instead, we have to go to the meaning of it and try to find some equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the expression refers to &quot;knowledge to be gained through a not very long set of information&quot;, these are the expressions that I would use in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En resumen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En pocas palabras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guía rápida de Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Breviario de Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T15:55:48.740" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T15:55:48.740" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15491" CreationDate="2015-12-08T16:11:31.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two phrases that come to my mind to translate &quot;In a nutshell&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En resumidas cuentas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compendio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the second one can be used better for your example, in the following form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compendio de Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See here the definition in RAE for &quot;Compendio&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0MqpFs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;compendio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. compendium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Breve y sumaria exposición, oral o escrita, de lo más sustancial de una materia ya expuesta latamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. El Salv. complicación (‖ dificultad).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en compendio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. p. us. en sustancia (‖ en resumen).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T11:13:20.873" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T11:13:20.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15497" CreationDate="2015-12-08T19:40:13.800" Score="4" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a multinational company, in our office we have workers from around the world. One of them is from Costa Rica, he often calls our manager &lt;code&gt;Honcho&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: Does it mean &quot;manager&quot; and makes sense in Spanish, or it's just a  word used in Costa Rica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking for this word in my Spanish book but could not find it there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T20:14:14.730" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T22:18:45.903" Title="Is &quot;Honcho&quot; a Spanish word?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15496" CreationDate="2015-12-08T20:08:40.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had never heard about this word, but it seems to be somehow popular in slang to refer a leader of a small amount of people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However note it comes from Japanese, not from Spanish, and it is used in slang English. So, in principle, it does not have anything to do with Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=honcho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;honcho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A person in charge of some group or of some function, usually a male&#xA;  person. A Japanese word, often mistakenly thought to be of Spanish&#xA;  origin. In Japanese it's a term for a small-time yakuza gangster in&#xA;  charge of just a few underlings, but the underworld flavor has mostly&#xA;  been lost as the word has been adopted into English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He quickly got promoted to be the head marketing honcho in that dot.com startup.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T20:15:06.373" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T20:15:06.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15499" CreationDate="2015-12-08T20:25:24.710" Score="3" ViewCount="2083" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, I would start a letter like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Greetings &amp;lt;person's name&amp;gt;,&#xA;&#xA;(...)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to replace &quot;greetings&quot; with a word or an expression in Spanish that could work with both men and women, just like &quot;greetings&quot; does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything a bit more formal and professional than &quot;hola&quot; I could use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11460" LastEditorUserId="11460" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T21:39:53.963" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T21:32:38.027" Title="What's the formal, genderless way to greet someone in a letter?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15498" CreationDate="2015-12-08T20:32:24.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many approaches for this that may depend on the context. Also, note that it is usual to use forms like &quot;querido/a&quot;, etc. to make sure either men and women feel mentioned. So there is no need to look for a form for both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you aim for a formal greeting, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado/a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado/a señor/a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you know the gener&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado señor X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimada señora X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X being the surname of the person receiving the letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T20:32:24.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15500" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15501" CreationDate="2015-12-08T21:08:27.920" Score="1" ViewCount="1722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría separar dos frases como las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Publicado el día 30 de Nov. del 2015 (separador) Aproximadamente 10 palabras escritas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me pregunto si existe algún símbolo además del punto o el guión, y que a la vez sea ortográficamente correcto. Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11459" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T04:29:47.577" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T04:29:47.577" Title="Símbolo correcto para separar dos frases" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15500" CreationDate="2015-12-08T21:26:35.957" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el punto (&lt;em&gt;punto y seguido&lt;/em&gt;) es tu mejor opción. Es por definición el símbolo usado para separar dos frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quieres un &lt;em&gt;punto y aparte&lt;/em&gt;, porque no vas a empezar un nuevo párrafo. La &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt; es una breve pausa, que te podría valer, pero si quieres remarcar las frases como independientes usa el punto. Los dos puntos (:) es sólo una pausa mayor que llama la atención sobre le texto que precede (citas o enumeraciones). El punto y coma (;) separa dos frases relacionadas, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan estudia ingeniería en la universidad politécnica; Ana derecho en la autónoma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No digo &quot;Ana &lt;strong&gt;estudia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, pero se entiende por el contexto de la frase previa, y en lenguaje escrito la unión de esas frases se hace mediante un punto y coma. El punto y coma une esas dos frases, independientes pero relacionadas en una sola, así que no hace los que buscas (separar las frases) si no lo contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, el guión se usa como separador de palabras, más que como separador de frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que mi sugerencia es &lt;strong&gt;usar un punto y seguido&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T21:31:58.880" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T21:31:58.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15498" CreationDate="2015-12-08T21:33:46.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is actually a genderless way to translate Greetings that I can think of. You can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos, (person's name):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos, María:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos, José:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T17:10:41.293" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15509" CreationDate="2015-12-08T22:59:24.373" Score="3" ViewCount="1446" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia, en ambientes informales, se califica en España algo de &quot;patillero&quot; cuando es poco elaborado, falto de rigor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay quien dice que la tierra es cuadrada porque el horizonte es recto.&#xA;  A mí me parece un poco patillero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan llegó tarde a clase y dijo que se había dormido. A mí me sonó&#xA;  algo patillero, pues una hora antes lo había visto por la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en la RAE no encuentro referencias a la palabra y &quot;patilla&quot; no parece tener ninguna acepción que se asemeje a lo aquí expuesto. Me pregunto pues: ¿qué origen tiene esta expresión? ¿se usa en algún otro lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T13:25:00.993" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T14:39:35.777" Title="¿Por qué algo &quot;patillero&quot; es algo poco elaborado, cutre?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15507" CreationDate="2015-12-09T02:08:27.137" Score="7" ViewCount="5120" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice “pattern” en español, cuando se refiere a una búsqueda de semejanzas de palabras en la programación de computadoras? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hice &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/776&quot;&gt;una pregunta&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; en que no sabia qué palabra usar. Las siguientes palabras parecen ser traducciones de unos sentidos de &quot;pattern&quot;, pero no tengo mucha confianza que sean lo que significa para la programación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;modelo&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;patrón&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;diseño&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando pienso de &lt;code&gt;patrón&lt;/code&gt; pienso en un patrocinador (una acepción de &quot;patron&quot; en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11467" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T13:00:54.540" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T14:34:00.663" Title="¿Cómo se dice “pattern” en español, cuando refiere a una búsqueda de semejanzas de palabras?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15506" CreationDate="2015-12-09T02:50:03.567" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo en clases siempre he escuchado a los profesores hablar de &quot;patrón&quot;, aunque siempre con la sospecha de que era más una traducción libre desde el inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=patr%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;definición de patrón en el diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, en la octava acepción, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Modelo que sirve de muestra para sacar otra cosa igual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta sería la acepción más cercana a lo que buscas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T03:05:50.307" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T03:05:50.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15516" CreationDate="2015-12-09T06:47:14.370" Score="4" ViewCount="1009" Body="&lt;p&gt;In english, we use the word &lt;strong&gt;Guys&lt;/strong&gt; to address a group of people (male, female).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Guys, how are you all?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I use the same sentence in spanish context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Amigos, como estas?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the  sentence above make sense when I am talking to a group of people in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:17:39.760" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:19:09.090" Title="Using the word Guys in Spanish conversation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15505" CreationDate="2015-12-09T09:54:34.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la versión electrónica de la 23.ª edición del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S9aegsW#8NaAI2T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el patillas,&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;patillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. p. us. &lt;em&gt;El diablo (príncipe de los ángeles rebelados).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando por Google encontré este libro: &lt;em&gt;Cuento tradicional, cultura, literatura (siglos XVI-XIX) By Máxime Chevalier&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El demonio tiene pies -o patas- disformes: es el «patituerto» que dice el capigorrón &lt;em&gt;Penuria&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;El casamiento por Cristo&lt;/em&gt;, el «ángel patudo» que dice el gracioso &lt;em&gt;Cosme&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;La dama duende&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De tal desgracia se originan cantidad de apodos que llueven menudos sobre el demonio. «Pateta» y «Patillas» quedan registrados por los diccionarios; «Pateta», pronuncia el Diccionario de Autoridades, es «apodo que se da al cojo o que tiene algún pie o pierna tuerta, o encogida»; «Patillas», según el mismo diccionario, es «nombre que vulgarmente se da al demonio, sin duda porque comúnmente le pintan con unos pies o patas muy disformes y feas».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Su uso actual? Me parece una evolución de este significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe decir que solo había oído patillas en el lenguaje coloquial para referirse a alguien que parece tener malas intenciones (¿pequeño demonio?), pero no con el que mencionas en tu pregunta que coincide con los explicado en el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T13:53:05.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:08:47.150" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Chicos&lt;/strong&gt; for young people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Muchachos&lt;/strong&gt; for young - adult people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as a correction, in your example:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Amigos, como estas?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be: &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Amigos, ¿cómo están? (or estáis)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;strong&gt;Amigos&lt;/strong&gt; is plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11471" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T10:24:38.443" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T10:24:38.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15505" CreationDate="2015-12-09T11:58:10.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;patillero&lt;/strong&gt; no está registrada en el Diccionario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa palabra no se utiliza en México hasta donde yo sé, pero mejor utiliza una palabra que sea &quot;Universal&quot;, no suena mejor &lt;strong&gt;&quot;creíble&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; ?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay quien dice que la tierra es cuadrada porque el horizonte es recto. A mí me parece poco creíble&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan llegó tarde a clase y dijo que se había dormido. A mí me sonó poco creíble, pues una hora antes lo había visto por la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;creíble&#xA;Del lat. credibĭlis.&#xA;1. adj. Que puede o merece ser creído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11198" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T17:42:07.687" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T17:42:07.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15512" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-09T13:03:49.300" Score="1" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ésta es una de las palabras más complicadas de traducir que he encontrado. La mayoría de los diccionarios traducen este término por &quot;reclutamiento&quot; cuando el término es mucho más amplio y casi nunca se utiliza en este caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces he pensado que debería ser traducido por &quot;empleo&quot;, pero no siempre es lo más adecuado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna palabra equivalente en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11472" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T22:50:55.823" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T22:50:55.823" Title="Recruiting y sus fallidas traducciones" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-12-09T14:30:32.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como hispanohablante, nunca diría &lt;em&gt;&quot;Amigos, ¿Cómo están?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; La palabra &lt;em&gt;amigos&lt;/em&gt; queda sobreentendida por el contexto.&#xA;Bajo mi punto de vista, lo más correcto sería &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué tal? ¿Cómo estáis?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; Inclusive, más coloquialmente: &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Qué tal gente? ¿Cómo va eso?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11473" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T14:30:32.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-12-09T15:58:02.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cómo estáis?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is only used in Spain.&#xA;In the rest of Spanish-speaking countries, you say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cómo están&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, as they never use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11476" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T04:19:09.090" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:19:09.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-12-09T16:13:18.833" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish, unlike English, (usually) has a different verb form/declination for the second person of singular and plural. You are right, in English if I say &quot;How are you&quot; when a group of people is involved could be unclear if I'm addressing the group or just one person. That's why is necessary to use &quot;you &lt;strong&gt;guys&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; to emphasize that you want to address the group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, this will automatically understood in Spanish by the usage of the verb form or pronoun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; parece? ¿&lt;strong&gt;Quieres&lt;/strong&gt; un caramelo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;estáis&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; parece? ¿&lt;strong&gt;Queréis&lt;/strong&gt; un caramelo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yes, you could add something that emphasizes the group you address. It is not necessarily redundant, but is not necessary either to point the difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal estáis &lt;strong&gt;todos&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Qué os parece, &lt;strong&gt;gente&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Queréis un caramelo &lt;strong&gt;niños/chicos&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that Spanish favors the usage of masculine to address a group with people of both genders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you use the &quot;usted&quot; form (which basically uses the third person verb declination) you are using a different form for singular and plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; ustedes? vs. ¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; usted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there was a verb that had the same form for singular and plural (I can't think of one right now, but that doesn't mean it does not exist) you will then of course want to clarify by using the word that addresses the group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the usage of &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; (countries like Argentina) could be that exception. The differentiation between singular and plural is not always clear (even if the use of &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is as a second person &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt; pronoun and usually a different for is used for plural). For example (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Conjugation_with_vos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see this reference&lt;/a&gt;) the &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; of Panama and Venezuela (and Southeastern Cuba and Northeastern Colombia), unlike the &quot;standard&quot; voseo&quot;, can't distinguish from the 2nd person plural of Castillian. Still, some of these countries still use a different form for plural than singular, but could lead to confusion in written Spanish, without enough context, or maybe when addressing a group of people who speak different variations of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some possible options would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señores, caballeros (&quot;¿Qué tal están, señores?&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señoras, señoritas (idem as above, to a group of all females)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Niños, chicos, muchachos, etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gente (an informal way to address your group of friends)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or even &quot;todos&quot; or &quot;cada uno&quot; (¿Qué os parece a todos la idea? ¿Qué pensáis todos (o cada uno) de la película?) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T17:39:03.233" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T17:39:03.233" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-12-09T17:14:04.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends where are you going to use the expression. Even within the same countries it could be different, specially in &quot;spoken&quot; language, where context it's important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, if you say &quot;amigos&quot;, people would understand, specially if it's written. In Chile you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hola, ¿qué tal?&lt;/code&gt; (coloquial, so I don't know if it will make sense outside :P)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chicos/muchachos/amigos ¿cómo están?&lt;/code&gt; (or just &lt;code&gt;Hola, ¿cómo están?&lt;/code&gt;). You could also say chicos y chicas, since it looks like castellano is inherently &lt;em&gt;machista&lt;/em&gt; (dunno how to use that word in english), and some people are fighting to use both. According to RAE (real academia española), if you use the masculine, you are referring to both genders, so that would be the academic response.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example, though &lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt; is the third plural verb form, it's okay to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second plural form (&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;) it's not used in Latin America, maybe with the notable exception of Argentina, so I would rule out the &lt;code&gt;¿cómo estais?&lt;/code&gt; from the start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't provide any &quot;reliable source&quot;, except that I have lived in Chile for almost 30 years, and I have traveled quite in this zone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11479" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T17:14:04.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15512" CreationDate="2015-12-09T19:48:02.670" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reclutamiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; según la RAE es &lt;code&gt;Reunir gente para un propósito determinado.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el tema de los empleos es una palabra muy común. Consulte con amigos que trabajan en el área de recursos humanos y es la palabra que usan. Si haces una búsqueda en google de &quot;reclutar talentos&quot; vas a ver que todos los resultados tienen que ver con RRHH. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ejercicio busqué la palabra &quot;reclutar&quot; en google-imagenes y no hay ni una sola imagen que tenga que ver con reclutamiento militar. Todos los resultados tiene que ver con reclutar empleados o reclutar voluntarios para diferentes tareas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta la definición de la RAE, lo que dice fedorqui que el origen de la palabra en inglés y español es el mismo del francés y que la comunidad de RRHH la usa, creo que la traducción de &lt;code&gt;Recruiting&lt;/code&gt; es &lt;code&gt;Reclutamiento&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T20:12:33.267" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T20:12:33.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15520" CreationDate="2015-12-09T21:29:24.730" Score="7" ViewCount="24017" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often times you say &quot;How are you?&quot; and people respond &quot;I'm fine.&quot; or &quot;I'm OK, I guess.&quot; in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could you express the same feeling in Spanish? &quot;Bien&quot; has always seemed to me be positive, and it doesn't seem to fit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T18:07:44.373" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T19:47:49.447" Title="How would you say &quot;I'm fine&quot; or &quot;I'm just OK&quot; in response to &quot;¿Cómo estás?&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-12-09T21:51:44.943" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia to say &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Fine, I guess&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; we say &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ahí vamos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (yes, in plural) meaning that you keep going on in spite of the hardships of life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when you answer &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; it depends a lot on the tone. If you sound sad when you say &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; it means you are not, but if you answer &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡¡¡¡¡BIEN!!!!!&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; people will believe you are absolutely fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more explicit answers like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Más o menos&amp;quot; (so-so)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Regularcito&amp;quot; (so-so)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;me ha ido mejor&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;he estado mejor&amp;quot; (I've seen better days)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;no tan bien como vos&amp;quot; (not as good as you) [I hate this one btw]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use one of these expect a follow up question but if you say &amp;quot;bien&amp;quot; even if it does not sound like you are ok, people will understand that you are not ok but you don't want to talk about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T15:28:35.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2015-12-09T22:29:06.277" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La distinción que hacemos en España entre los sonidos de la S y la C-Z es para evitar faltas ortográficas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se aprende a pronunciar con distinción es imposible tener faltas a la hora de escribir &quot;hacer&quot; y &quot;a ser&quot; por poner sólo un ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11482" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T22:29:06.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15527" CreationDate="2015-12-10T01:41:32.640" Score="8" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, Spanish seems to have have commands whose form depends on both the type (affirmative/negative) and also the person (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the construction of the affirmative &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; command by using the third person form essentially mirrors its construction in English (Jump! --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;¡Salta!&lt;/em&gt;), the negative form diverges from its English equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas in English you would just add &amp;quot;Don't&amp;quot; to the beginning, in Spanish you change the conjugation by adding &lt;em&gt;es/as&lt;/em&gt; to the end of the yo form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a few etymological questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why did the difference between affirmative/negative commands arise?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why does the negative command use the yo form as the prefix?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why does the ending seem &amp;quot;switched&amp;quot; — that is, &amp;quot;-ar&amp;quot; verbs use the &amp;quot;es&amp;quot; ending whereas &amp;quot;-er/-ir&amp;quot; verbs use the &amp;quot;as&amp;quot; ending?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3080" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-28T12:41:07.543" LastActivityDate="2020-06-28T12:41:07.543" Title="Why does Spanish have three different command forms (positive/negative tú, usted)" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-12-10T03:02:05.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Cuba&lt;/strong&gt; you can found the following expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Todo bien&quot; (All it's ok)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Más o menos&quot; (So so)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;De mal en peor&quot; (From bad to worse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/15520/8966&quot;&gt;@DGaleano&lt;/a&gt; says, we have too the situation of the tone in the word &quot;bien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Venezuela&lt;/strong&gt; this phrases can be possible answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo fino - (everything is OK)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Todo chévere - (everything is OK)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I've heard to make the question as: ¿Cómo está la vaina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T03:02:05.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15524" CreationDate="2015-12-10T06:00:25.510" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on how one counts, Spanish has a great deal more than three forms for commands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are only three true &lt;em&gt;imperative&lt;/em&gt; forms of each verb (I'll use the verbs &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;vivir&lt;/em&gt; for my examples throughout this answer):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;: habla, come, vive&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form less the &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;; several irregulars: &lt;em&gt;di, haz, pon, sal, sé, ten, ve, ven&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; always reflexive: &lt;em&gt;estate&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;: hablá, comé, viví&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(&lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; form less the &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;; one irregular: &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt;: hablad, comed, vivid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(infinitive, less the &lt;em&gt;-r&lt;/em&gt;, plus &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; if non-reflexive; one irregular: &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;idos&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In older or very formal Spanish, the &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; commands will be identical to the &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; commands (they were derived from that form) and may retain the &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; in reflexive commands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I get started on the rest, I'd just like to say don't oversimplify English commands.  They are actually a good bit more complicated than just adding &quot;use the bare infinitive for affirmative, add &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; to create a negative.&quot;  Many can take the word &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; after them to create the negative sans &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;fear not&quot;); the first-person plural commands are formed with &lt;em&gt;let's&lt;/em&gt; which creates an embedded clause (&quot;let's play&quot;); and when using &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;do not&lt;/em&gt; (for emphasis), you are actually switching to the emphatic mood which is also often used in affirmative commands (&quot;do mind your manners&quot;).  And we don't even really have a way to give commands to people we aren't talking directly to, except by using a variety of structures using the modal verbs &lt;em&gt;let&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;let there be light&quot;) or &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;may they live happily ever after&quot;) which could be seen as either an impersonal command (&lt;em&gt;let&lt;/em&gt;) or a fossilized subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt;).  In any case, English commands are actually really quite complex when you think about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to Spanish.  Spanish could easily do third-person commands by using the subjunctive (nowadays, it's most common though not required to preface these with &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;; when used sans &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; it's called the &lt;em&gt;exhortative subjunctive&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; back in the day wasn't a true pronoun, just a third-person honorific, so it was treated as any other third-person word.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For negative forms, Latin — out of which Spanish developed — didn't have a negative imperative: like English, it used a separate verb's command to form negative commands (&lt;em&gt;noli(te)&lt;/em&gt; — from &lt;em&gt;nolo&lt;/em&gt; — meaning &quot;want not&quot;).  Spanish innovated a different form, using the subjunctive (perhaps derived from &lt;em&gt;(no quiero que) [verb]&lt;/em&gt; or similar phrases).  This ended up being applied to all commands, first, second, or third person.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;subject     affirmative                  negative (prefix all with &quot;no&quot;)&#xA;---------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------&#xA;tú       |  habla     come     vive    |  *hables   *comas   *vivas&#xA;vos      |  hablá     comé     viví    | †*hablés  †*comás  †*vivás&#xA;usted    | *hable    *coma    *viva    |  *hable    *coma    *viva&#xA;nosotros | *hablemos *comamos *vivamos |  *hablemos *comamos *vivamos&#xA;vosotros |  hablad    comed    vivid   |  *habléis  *comáis  *viváis&#xA;ustedes  | *hablen   *coman   *vivan   |  *hablen   *coman   *vivan&#xA;&#xA;* derived from subjunctive&#xA;† in Chile: *habléis, *comáis, *viváis with an optionally elided -s.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to why the subjunctive form appears to be switched or is based off of the &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; form verb, the reason is simply because that's how it was in Latin.  As to why Latin did it, generally when asking &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; in linguistics the answer is simply &quot;because that's what people said&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T06:00:25.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15530" CreationDate="2015-12-10T13:53:15.397" Score="3" ViewCount="3140" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se utiliza con frecuencia la expresión &quot;dar la lata&quot; (o &quot;dar el coñazo&quot;, algo más burda) cuando alguien es muy reiterativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mamá ¿puedo ir a jugar con mis amigos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pero mamá...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡No y no des más la lata! Estás castigado hasta que no hagas los deberes, así que no insistas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t1329/el-origen-de-la-expresion-dar-la-lata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Sabías el origen de la expresión &quot;dar la lata&quot;?&lt;/a&gt; diferentes posibles orígenes de la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La primera de ellas hace referencia al tubo de lata en el que llevaban&#xA;  los soldados viejos unos papeles que demostraban sus hazañas bélicas o&#xA;  que acreditaban el buen servicio prestado a la patria (allá por el&#xA;  siglo XVII), y que solían acompañarles cuando visitaban los despachos&#xA;  de sus superiores en busca de alguna pensión o compensación económica&#xA;  por los servicios prestados y las secuelas que estos les habían dejado&#xA;  en sus cuerpos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otra versión nos lleva hasta Málaga (España), donde al parecer en la&#xA;  cárcel se solía vender a los presidiarios un licor hecho a base de&#xA;  sobras de varios vinos y que éstos compraban por latas, lo que les&#xA;  proporcionaba una incontestable borrachera que se traducía en alboroto&#xA;  y jaleo; resultando tremendamente molesto para el resto de&#xA;  presidiarios y personal de vigilancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finalmente también se cita el uso de latas en las cencerradas que se&#xA;  celebraban en distintas localidades como celebración por los segundos&#xA;  casamientos de alguien que había quedado viudo/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿alguien sabe cuál es la más verosímil? Además, ¿se usa en otros países? Por la primera explicación parecería que no y que es típica de España solamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T18:52:08.973" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;dar la lata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-12-10T18:38:22.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From where I come from (Puerto Rico), we usually say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En la lucha&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahí ahí&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T18:38:22.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15528" CreationDate="2015-12-10T18:52:08.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi granito de arena con otras referencias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la columna de opinión titulada &lt;em&gt;El rollo&lt;/em&gt;, que apareció publicada en el diario El País el 6 de junio de 1999, Carreter explica así el &lt;strong&gt;posible origen&lt;/strong&gt; de la expresión: &quot;daban la lata los soldados viejos que, en el siglo XVII, andaban de despacho en despacho mendigando compensaciones a sus cicatrices y a las proezas que adveraba aquel rollo de &lt;strong&gt;documentos metidos en un tubo de lata&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. El académico también señala que de esta costumbre militar pudo surgir &quot;la &lt;strong&gt;equivalencia hoy perfecta de latazo y rollo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.muyinteresante.es/cultura/arte-cultura/articulo/icual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-dar-la-lata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Muy interesante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta me gusta porque el tal Carreter era el que escribía mis libros de Lengua Castellana del EGB (y quizá los del BUP también).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web, &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?lata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; apunta a otro origen, basado en el molesto ruido al golpear una lámina de latón. Latón, viene del latín &lt;em&gt;latta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta otra web, Yorokobu, tiene un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yorokobu.es/dar-la-lata/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; basado en el libro &lt;em&gt;El porqué de los dichos&lt;/em&gt; de José María Iribarren, según el cual el origen estaría otra vez en un ruido molesto: en el de latas vacías que se arrastraban o pegaban con un palo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.centrohermes.com.ar/lecturaamena/Interesante/origen_de_frases.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta otra web&lt;/a&gt; comparte también opinión sobre el significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parece provenir de los segundos festejos nupciales de una viuda o viudo, en los que solía usarse instrumentos de percusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que no se citan referencias es imposible saber si los dos beben de la misma fuente, se copia una a la otra o si &quot;validan&quot; el origen de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo de Yokorobu cita otras referencias para el origen de la expresión (añadiendo entonces confusión sobre cuál es realmente el posible origen) entre ellas una de Dámaso Alonso para decir que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lata en español puede tener el mismo significado que latte en francés: o sea, palo. Al igual que sus derivados ‘lato’, ‘late’o ‘latta’ en provenzal, italiano o portugués. Y que latazo tiene el sentido de ‘golpe con la lata, con un palo’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;latte&lt;/em&gt; en francés significa &lt;code&gt;regla&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;listón&lt;/code&gt;, la web indica que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según don Dámaso, este uso de ‘latazo’ como ‘dar palos, golpes’ [... unido al uso ...] de la lata (hojalata) cambió las cosas y en algún momento la palabrita dejó de identificar al palo o la maza. Sin embargo, su sentido de “molestia, aburrimiento” sí trascendió. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que indicar que la propia RAE dice que la etimología de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Mxzdak6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;lata&quot;&lt;/a&gt; es discutida. Para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?key=lat%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;latón&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en cambio la tiene clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que no he podido encontrar una referencia que sea completamente creíble. Yo en cualquier caso me inclino por pensar que viene por el ruido de las latas o láminas de latón (como en la referencia atribuida a Dámaso Alonso o a la de los festejos municipales de los viudos en segundas nupcias).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:33:18.473" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T18:52:08.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-12-10T20:53:38.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we have a lot of ways to express that feeling, and all of them depends on the type of relationship that you have with the other person and the kind of emotion that you want to express:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm fine :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formal way:   Bien (No emotion, very generic)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unformal ways: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chido (Cool people that are happy)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí nomás (Bussy people that don't want to have a conversation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm Ok, I guess:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formal way: Más o menos (I have problems but I am kind of positive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unformal way: Ay la llevo (I'm not fine, but I don't want to give you details)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11489" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T19:59:36.510" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T19:59:36.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15132" CreationDate="2015-12-11T10:25:58.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leído en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/mexico/comments/3pyv82/alguien_puede_explicar_qu%C3%A9_es_un_pas%C3%B3n/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reddit&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Darse un pase&quot;, significa tomarse una dosis de droga: cocaína,&#xA;  heroína, mdma, marihuana...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Darse un pasón&quot; significa tener una sobredosis de alguna de estas&#xA;  drogas. No particularmente en el sentido de morirse por esa cantidad,&#xA;  sino en cuanto a drogarse mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T09:03:17.343" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T09:03:17.343" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-12-11T10:25:58.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-12-11T10:33:33.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt; we use next sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Positive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Genial!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Muy bien!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Neutral:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando  (&lt;em&gt;So so&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Negative&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría estar peor (&lt;em&gt;I could be worse&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Mejor no preguntes... (&lt;em&gt;don't ask me because my situation is awful&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the polite (and more common) answer is &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt;, you can not guess if that person it's ok or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11441" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T19:47:49.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15539" CreationDate="2015-12-11T11:10:04.627" Score="4" ViewCount="6353" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia oigo la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;binding&lt;/em&gt; y no consigo encontrarle una traducción solvente en castellano (quizá porque no acabo de entender el significado exacto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como me temo que puede tener muchos posibles significados dependiendo del contexto, me centraré en la usada en el mundo de la programación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo pues en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia - Binding&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Data binding, the technique of connecting two data elements together&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_binding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia - Language binding&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In computing, a binding from a programming language to a library or&#xA;  operating system service is an application programming interface (API)&#xA;  providing glue code to use that library or service in a particular&#xA;  programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso entiendo que binding podría traducirse como una &quot;capa&quot; o incluso &quot;ligazón&quot; o &quot;extensión&quot; con la aplicación original para facilitar su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esta traducción válida? ¿Qué otras palabras podrían traducir este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T15:06:36.400" Title="¿&quot;Binding&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2015-12-11T11:33:01.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the time of the moorish invasion there were different ethnic groups living in what is now modern Spain. Being one of the more influent, the goths, which spoke gothic and latin mainly. Latin, in fact, was some sort of &quot;common language&quot; for the inhabitants of the peninsula, derived from hundreds of years of roman occupation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the eight centuries that the Moors were stablished in the penninsula a lot of things happened (eight hundred years is a lot of time), and keep in mind thatbthe Moors weren's occupying the whole peninsula during that much time. They conquered almost all of the territory lightningly fast, but soon started to have problems maintaining control of the northern territories. It is in that moment when, in a very slow way, some type of national identity emerges in the penninsula. This is something that will cristalyze finally with the Catholic Kings, in the 1400s, so keep in mind that it was a very long process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During this period, different kingdoms appeared, evolved and maintained an almost constant fight against the Moors, pushing them backwards, but also coexisting with them and the people that lived under their government after they were expelled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the time where Old Spanish emerges, over several centuries, a language whose base was Latin, but that was deeply influenced by Gothic and Arabic and which was also influenced by other minority languages that were spoken earlier in different zones of the peninsula and that coexisted during this extense period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-07T08:04:22.903" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T08:04:22.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15253" CreationDate="2015-12-11T13:19:47.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=8XxD0dl1BDXX2uJAgcGw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Casco&lt;/a&gt; puede significar, en lenguaje coloquial, &quot;cabeza&quot;. Y la alusión se extiende, más allá de lo físico-anatómico, a lo mental. “Romperse los cascos” significa pues -igual que &quot;romperse la cabeza&quot;- hacer un esfuerzo mental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T13:19:47.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15534" CreationDate="2015-12-11T14:27:54.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo en mis clases en la Universidad (de ciencias en computadoras) que &amp;quot;binding&amp;quot; lo traducíamos con la siguiente palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eslabonar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición de RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GQt11lC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eslabonar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Unir unos eslabones con otros formando cadena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Enlazar o encadenar las partes de un discurso o unas cosas con otras. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T14:27:54.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15534" CreationDate="2015-12-11T15:32:50.203" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu pregunta mencionas dos significados de &lt;code&gt;binding&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos el primero: &lt;code&gt;Binding&lt;/code&gt; como en &lt;code&gt;Data binding&lt;/code&gt;, significa generalmente enlazar o asociar dos variables, de forma que cuando una cambia la otra cambia también al nuevo valor. Yo traduciría por &lt;code&gt;enlazado de datos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segundo caso: &lt;code&gt;Binding&lt;/code&gt; como en &lt;code&gt;Language binding&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a un código que permite a un lenguaje de programación usar código escrito en otro lenguaje, normalmente realizando un mapeo entre las funciones del código externo y funciones propias que quedan disponibles en el lenguaje de programación al que pertenecen las &lt;code&gt;bindings&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se podría usar &lt;code&gt;enlaces&lt;/code&gt; (ya que &lt;em&gt;enlazan&lt;/em&gt; un código externo con el lenguaje de programación) o &lt;code&gt;conectores&lt;/code&gt;, que &lt;em&gt;conectan&lt;/em&gt; un código externo con el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son conceptos de programación antiguos y no recuerdo que haya una traducción ampliamente aceptada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8645" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T15:32:50.203" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15534" CreationDate="2015-12-12T04:07:52.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literalemente, la palabra &quot;bind&quot; significa atar una cosa a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el Anillo Único tiene una inscripción que termina con &quot;...One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them&quot;,  generalmente traducido como &quot;Un Anillo para traerlos a todos y atarlos a las tinieblas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los significados técnicos que mencionaste en tu pregunta también tienen que ver con atar. &quot;Data binding&quot; ata dos elementos de datos juntos, y en la definición de &quot;language binding&quot; dice que provee algo llamado &quot;glue code&quot;. En castellano &quot;glue&quot; es pegamento, que es como una atadura que en vez de cuerdas usa enlaces químicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, en general podría decirse que la palabra &quot;binding&quot; en la mayoría de los casos significa lo mismo que &quot;atadura&quot; en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T04:07:52.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-12-12T17:35:38.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España por lo menos todas las variantes de &lt;em&gt;caché&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cachear&lt;/em&gt; se usan bastante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'This app has a great caching system': 'Esta aplicación tiene un buen sistema de &lt;em&gt;cacheado&lt;/em&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'The solution is to cache the rendered information': 'La solución es &lt;em&gt;cachear&lt;/em&gt; la información renderizada'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'The cache holds recent data': 'La &lt;em&gt;caché&lt;/em&gt; almacena información reciente'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'The cache memory is almost full': 'La memoria &lt;em&gt;caché&lt;/em&gt; está casi llena'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8645" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T17:35:38.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15543" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15546" CreationDate="2015-12-12T19:07:52.707" Score="10" ViewCount="1232" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English language, we can use OMG &quot;oh my God&quot; to express surprise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OMG, I lost the movie ticket!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just curious  if we can use same expression in Spanish context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh mi Dios, he perdido el boleto del cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense? Or is there any other better similar expression in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T23:21:03.390" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T15:20:00.590" Title="How to express surprise in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-12T19:28:12.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más cercano es la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Dios mío! Perdí el boleto para la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11500" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T11:40:49.110" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T11:40:49.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-13T01:09:13.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Cuba es poco común encontrar personas que digan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh mi dios, he perdido el ticket de la movie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más bien encontrarás personas que digan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Oh dios mío! He perdido el ticket de la película.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Dios mío! He perdido el ticket de la película.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T01:09:13.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-13T16:48:17.333" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Oh mi dios&quot;, es poco común al hablar pero se está volviendo frecuente en algunas películas y series mal dobladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solemos decir cosas como &quot;¡Dios mío!&quot;, &quot;¡Oh, por dios!&quot;, &quot;¡Ay dios!&quot;, &quot;¡Dios!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5531" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T16:48:17.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-13T19:13:20.250" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dependerá mucho del país:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No manches!, perdí el boleto de la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T19:13:20.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-13T19:19:13.647" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Destacar que en España no se utiliza la palabra &quot;boleto&quot;, ni &quot;ticket&quot; para referirse a una entrada de cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto sería &quot;He perdido la entrada del cine&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco hay una traducción exacta a &quot; Oh my god&quot;, si bien podría usarse &quot;¡Vaya!&quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quick english response: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, Europe, we don't use &quot;boleto&quot; if you are talking about a ticket movie. You have to use &quot;entrada&quot; instead. The literal translation to OMG will be &quot;Oh dios mío&quot;, but it's not a common expression if you want to express surprise for example. It's a more natural expression use &quot;¡Vaya!&quot;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11505" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T19:19:13.647" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15552" CreationDate="2015-12-14T10:59:13.127" Score="12" ViewCount="2152" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the phrase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm happy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one of these is grammatically correct to translate the phrase, &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11290" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:45:10.843" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:45:10.843" Title="Translation of the phrase &quot;I'm happy.&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15112" CreationDate="2015-12-14T11:32:28.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Android por ejemplo se usa la expresión &lt;strong&gt;memoria intermedia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2828" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T11:32:28.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15549" CreationDate="2015-12-14T12:31:57.917" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the context of the question .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &quot;estar&quot; in that phrase is commonly used for that particular moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy feliz. (&lt;em&gt;I am happy at the moment.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;ser&quot; can be used for quality or character of a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy feliz. (&lt;em&gt;I'm a happy person.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11506" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T12:43:19.580" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T12:43:19.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2015-12-14T14:23:15.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we sometimes use the expression &lt;code&gt;hala&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hala! Mira, una limusina (o un perro verde)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=mJNhFMfNxDXX2rzcdsyF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Hala&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression can be used to other means, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=y4tWrhpTiD6aaYp7Ht&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hurrying somebody&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hala, vete vistiendo que llegamos tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other expressions on top of my head would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anda: &lt;code&gt;Anda, he perdido el billete de lotería&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ahí va: &lt;code&gt;Ahí va, he perdido el billete de lotería&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, note that these two are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/ahi-va-o-ay-va-14795/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronounced in a very different way from how they are written&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;caramba&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;jolines (a really mild form of swearing)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La virgen &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Rayos! (a really mild form of swearing)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T23:18:34.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15554" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15555" CreationDate="2015-12-14T16:23:16.973" Score="15" ViewCount="2084" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a native Spanish speaker, but I tend to read a spanish (mexican) newspaper to practise my Spanish language skills. However, I was reading this article about teachers in which I read the following statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El titular de la Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP), Aurelio Nuño Mayer, subrayó que en la evaluación de desempeño se han presentado 132 mil maestros y lo que sigue es capacitación a los docentes como parte de un proceso en el que aseguró ningún maestro perderá su trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that &quot;maestro&quot; is actually used in a gender-neutral way here because they are talking about a group of people, and the male gender of the word might also be used as the 'gender-neutral' way. In my mother tongue we tend to express ourselves in a gender-neutral way whenever applicable, and it coincides often with the 'male' way of saying the word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish gender-neutral way to phrase such a sentence? Or is it perfectly acceptable to use 'maestro' when clearly speaking about maestro/maestra. (Assuming that it is not actually a sexist statement, and he only considers male teachers here)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11443" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-14T03:20:18.710" LastActivityDate="2019-07-14T03:20:18.710" Title="Avoid gender bias in Spanish" Tags="&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15554" CreationDate="2015-12-14T16:42:45.053" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are right. Spanish tends to use masculine for &quot;gender neutral&quot; (when a group has individuals of both genders you use masculine. You only use feminine if all members were feminine). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you may see other ways of trying to express gender &quot;neutrality&quot;, but as we can learn from the Real Academia de la Lengua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los ciudadanos y las ciudadanas, los niños y las niñas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este tipo de desdoblamientos son artificiosos e innecesarios desde el punto de vista lingüístico. En los sustantivos que designan seres animados existe la posibilidad del &lt;strong&gt;uso genérico del masculino para designar la clase&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, a todos los individuos de la especie, sin distinción de sexos: Todos los ciudadanos mayores de edad tienen derecho a voto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/los-ciudadanos-y-las-ciudadanas-los-ninos-y-las-ninas#sthash.ED1SLpFd.dpuf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Real Academia de la Lengua&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You actually only use both genders in the sentence if it is relevant in order to remark the gender distinction like &quot;los niños y las niñas tienen las mismas oportunidades&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are others who try to use the &quot;@&quot; sign (los niñ@s) in some informal context, but &quot;@&quot; is not actually a letter (and sometimes could not even work well, since other words in the sentence may depend on the gender of that one for concordance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T19:03:36.600" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T19:03:36.600" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15554" CreationDate="2015-12-14T17:13:02.137" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diego's answer is very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, it's possible to use an epicene noun to stand in for the person (such as &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;miembro&lt;/em&gt;, etc, that are always one gender) and then include a collective term for the group.  In your example, you could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;… aseguró que ningún &lt;strong&gt;miembro del profesorado&lt;/strong&gt; perderá su trabajo …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T17:13:02.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15549" CreationDate="2015-12-14T18:32:07.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish to talk about a feeling (happiness) you would use estar (denotes location or a state of being).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Estoy ... contento (a)&#xA;&#xA; ...alegre&#xA;&#xA; ...feliz&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;all of which translate to about the same meaning so you could use all 3 interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Learning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11419" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T18:32:07.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15534" CreationDate="2015-12-14T20:51:35.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Binding es el termino que se usa para unir dos cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Binder&lt;/em&gt;: es un portafolio que usa para poner papeles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Binding&lt;/em&gt;: es un proceso de computo, en donde diferentes clases o metodos se unen en un proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;They are binding&lt;/em&gt;: Cuando una pareja esta conversando y conociendo, en un proceso de enamoramiento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dices, dependerá mucho del contexo en el que se utilice ya que en el ingles hay diferentes tipos de slangs (palabras criollas) que pueden derivar de esta misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T15:06:36.400" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T15:06:36.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15560" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15566" CreationDate="2015-12-14T21:45:47.933" Score="4" ViewCount="1351" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Because this matter is time-sensitive, I need to be sure you will be available if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I translated it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que este asunto es ????, quiero asegurarme de que usted estará disponible si lo es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the idiomatic equivalent (castellano) for &quot;time sensitive&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(other corrections and idiomatic adjustments welcome too, of course)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4165" LastEditorUserId="4165" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T01:16:47.603" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:49:39.200" Title="Translation of &quot;time-sensitive&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15561" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15562" CreationDate="2015-12-14T22:24:44.467" Score="1" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una tarea para mi clase de español, usé las oraciones siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le compré un collar a mi madre. ¡Va a encantarle!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las usé para decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I bought my mother a necklace. She's going to love it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi profesora me dijo que debo decir &quot;va a encantar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en lugar de &quot;encantar&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo correcto es &quot;le&quot; porque refiere al complemento indirecto, &quot;mi madre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T16:15:59.997" Title="Va a encantarle a alguien - encantarle or lo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15561" CreationDate="2015-12-14T22:37:05.703" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactamente. En la frase  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Va a encantarle&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le es el complemento indirecto (&quot;&lt;em&gt;a mi madre&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&#xA;y &lt;em&gt;el collar&lt;/em&gt; es el sujeto de la frase.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si se tratase de dos collares, dirías:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Le compré dos collares a mi madre. &lt;strong&gt;¡Van&lt;/strong&gt; a encantar&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También sería correcto decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Le compré dos collares a mi madre. ¡Le van a encantar!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5331" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T22:37:05.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-12-14T22:54:32.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming &quot;time-sensitive&quot; means that the time is a key aspect in the topic, I would translate it to: &lt;strong&gt;el tiempo es clave&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que en este asunto &lt;strong&gt;el tiempo es clave&lt;/strong&gt;, quiero asegurarme de&#xA;  que usted estará disponible si es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note we say &quot;si es necesario&quot; and not &quot;si &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; es necesario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T13:08:08.707" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:08:08.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-12-14T22:57:20.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting question. You could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Debido a que este asunto es referente a un &lt;em&gt;horario específico&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  necesito estar seguro de que estará disponible si es preciso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other sentences you could also use &quot;horas concretas&quot; or &quot;estricto calendario&quot;, or &quot;horario forzoso&quot; or &quot;horario inflexible&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Debido a que este asunto tiene un calendario estricto, ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T22:57:20.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-12-15T14:29:16.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some words you could use to convey the urgency of something that is time-sensitive, although there seems not to be a direct translation for the term in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que este asunto es &lt;strong&gt;apremiante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=L2rUizLDbDXX2uhazvib&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Apremiar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar prisa, compeler a alguien a que haga prontamente algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &quot;impostergable&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TpOwjdv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Postergar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a synonym of &quot;procrastinate&quot;. Thus, &quot;impostergable&quot; means that this business can't go beyond a certain deadline. Idem for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3CSmSyz|3CTBIvJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Aplazar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que este asunto es &lt;strong&gt;impostergable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que este asunto es &lt;strong&gt;inaplazable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use a rather obscure word &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sa00Myd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;perentorio&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which means &quot;Urgente, apremiante.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que este asunto es &lt;strong&gt;perentorio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think you would be better off using &lt;code&gt;apremiante&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;inaplazable&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;impostergable&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T14:29:16.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:41:20.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero asegurarme de que usted estará disponible si es necesario puesto que este asunto requiere acción &lt;strong&gt;inmediata&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T15:49:39.200" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:49:39.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15554" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:47:45.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo hubiese escrito esto: «El titular de la Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP), Aurelio Nuño Mayer, subrayó que en la evaluación de desempeño se han presentado &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;132 mil docentes cuya capacitación es lo que sigue como parte de un proceso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el que aseguró &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; perderá su trabajo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:47:45.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15569" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15600" CreationDate="2015-12-15T16:03:46.040" Score="2" ViewCount="1994" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba explicando que mi hija se había quitado un calcetín más o menos sin querer cuando me surgió la duda: ¿tenemos en castellano alguna palabra más concreta para definir el hecho de dejar de llevar una pieza de ropa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desnudar&lt;/em&gt; para mí tiene la connotación de quedar desnudo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quitarse&lt;/em&gt; me parece demasiado genérica y el último recurso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DP6xpgu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Desprender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; me gusta algo más, pero así y todo me suena más relacionado con objetos inanimados unidos entre sí: &lt;em&gt;el cuadro se desprendió de la pared&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se os ocurre alguna palabra que sea más específica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase en la que se usaría diría algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija se XXX los calcetines al poco de ponérselos, pues no dejaba de&#xA;  mover los pies contra la cuna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T22:56:57.227" Title="¿Qué palabra podemos usar para indicar que nos quitamos una pieza de ropa?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15561" CreationDate="2015-12-15T16:15:59.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Josh!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When «encantar» refers to putting someone under a spell,” it’s transitive. It takes &lt;em&gt;complemento direct&lt;/em&gt;o:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«El hechizo mágico del collar va a encantar a mi madre».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«El hechizo mágico del collar va a encantar&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it refers to liking something/someone very much, it’s intransitive. It takes &lt;em&gt;complemento indirecto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«El collar le va a encantar a mi madre».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«El collar va a encantar&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T16:15:59.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15569" CreationDate="2015-12-15T16:16:55.473" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes utilizar &lt;strong&gt;desvestir&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de &lt;em&gt;desnudar&lt;/em&gt; según el DRAE, es sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;desvestir&lt;/strong&gt; y no necesariamente significa &lt;em&gt;quitarse toda la ropa&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Quitar todo el vestido o parte de él. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Despojar algo de lo que lo cubre o adorna. Desnudar los altares, los árboles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DE5xV5I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero te sugiero cambiar la oración así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija se desnudó los pies al poco de ponerse los calcetines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10890" LastEditorUserId="10890" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T14:42:11.913" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T14:42:11.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15569" CreationDate="2015-12-15T16:20:14.593" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Quitarse» es una voz perfecta para «los calcetines».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T16:20:14.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2015-12-15T17:34:48.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vení&quot; means &quot;come&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same as &quot;venid&quot; but that word is only used in Spain, for example if you want to say &quot;come here&quot; in South America we say &quot;Vení para acá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I am from Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11515" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T18:24:17.180" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T18:24:17.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15574" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T17:41:32.033" Score="3" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iba entrando en su casa la tarde siguiente, miércoles, cuando un niño&#xA;  de la calle le entregó la misma paloma dentro de una jaula, con el&#xA;  recado de memoria de que aquí le manda esto la señora de las palomas,&#xA;  y le manda a decir que por favor la guarde bien en la jaula cerrada&#xA;  porque si no &lt;strong&gt;se le vuelve a volar&lt;/strong&gt; y esta es la última vez que se&#xA;  la devuelve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista sintáctico el fragmento en negrita es una frase principal, ¿no? ¿O me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T08:46:11.157" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T08:46:11.157" Title="¿Qué tipo de oración es &quot;se le vuelve a volar&quot; en este texto?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15554" CreationDate="2015-12-15T19:23:11.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following phrasing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El titular de la Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP), Aurelio Nuño&#xA;  Mayer, subrayó que en la evaluación de desempeño se han presentado 132&#xA;  mil &lt;strong&gt;docentes&lt;/strong&gt; y lo que sigue es &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; capacitación como parte de un&#xA;  proceso en el que aseguró, &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; perderá su trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The information presented is mostly the same with some less redundancy. The only obvious flaw I could see in doing this is that on saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;nadie perderá su trabajo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; you are being less directly specific as to whom is not going to lose their job, but this information is obvious from the context so I'd consider this to be an accurate gender-neutralization of the sentence. All of it without recurring to any complex vocabulary, doubling gendered nouns or using strange non-alphabetic characters in your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel Diego's answer relies on your particular phrasing of the question as well as a bit of a Straw Man's fallacy to promptly dismiss your quest for gender neutrality. This is why I have taken the liberty of answering the first part of your question only while ignoring the second part. I believe my answer could be useful to anyone who doesn't care about the original text being acceptable in normative Spanish and wanting to know if an alternative gender-neutral phrasing could be possible, also in normative Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, I'd like to urge you to disregard any future subtle or not so subtle implication that gender-neutrality is not possible in Spanish. People saying this actually mean that it's less comfortable for them to think of a gender-neutral way of saying things and so they prefer to rely on the default generic masculine nouns, or they don't know enough Spanish to do so, or maybe they have some political agenda about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on avoiding gender bias in Spanish as well as the underlying controversy, you can read Juan Moreno Cabrera's excellent article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pensamientocritico.org/juamor0915.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Acerca de la discriminación de la mujer y de los lingüistas en la sociedad&quot;&lt;/a&gt; about RAE's report on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Sexismo_linguistico_y_visibilidad_de_la_mujer_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Sexismo, lingüismo y visibilidad de la mujer&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I had somehow missed TeachingTom's answer but his phrasing is more polished than mine and an excellent example of gender-neutral use of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11514" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T05:44:23.877" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T05:44:23.877" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15574" CreationDate="2015-12-16T10:35:26.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El fragmento es bastante complejo pero creo que te equivocas  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;porque si no se le vuelve a volar&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;representa la causa de por qué debe guardarlo en la jaula cerrada, por lo que es una subordinada de causa. Todo lo que aparece tras &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; es su complemento directo  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;que por favor la guarde bien en la jaula cerrada porque si no se le vuelve a volar y esta es la última vez que se la devuelve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y dentro de este bloque, el fragmento que te interesa es la razón del verbo principal &lt;em&gt;guarde&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5331" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T10:35:26.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15579" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15581" CreationDate="2015-12-16T11:01:27.967" Score="3" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of the three Spanish &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; words (&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;) should be used when talking about the God's existence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And is there any difference between speaking about the existence of any (pagan) gods, or about the existence of the only God of the monotheistic religions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the correct Spanish &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentences (and why)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there a god?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there the God in the heaven?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is no God, we are alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The meaning of the sentence 2 is not asking the God's location!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it analogical to talking about gas stations in the following example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Hay una&lt;/em&gt; gasolinera cerca de aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Está la&lt;/em&gt; gasolinera Repsol YPF cerca de aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I am aware of the existence of &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt; :) I am trying to understand better the difference between the three &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T21:32:57.633" Title="Which of the three Spanish &quot;is&quot; words should be used about the God's existence?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15579" CreationDate="2015-12-16T14:02:48.853" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We would use the verb ser. Ser is the verb used for existence &amp;quot;Dios es = God exists&amp;quot;. When using &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;, it is used for the situation, the incident or the appearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore when we speak about the presence of God &amp;quot;God is here&amp;quot;, would use the verb estar, though in medieval times the verb &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; was used. (To indicate his omnipresence, and I don't think this is really wrong because of this reason).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haber would be used when speaking about (the concept) god. Not God (The specific diety). But I fear that this might be different in Spanish use of the three verbs, and maybe even interchangeable as they don't attach a philosophical value to the words. But this is speculation of my part, a native Spanish speaker should correct me on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your three examples. I would use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un dios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un dios en el cielo'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No hay dios (general gods).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About three, you can't say &amp;quot;There is no God&amp;quot; and talk about the specific entity, the sentence would not make sense. That sentence, when denying the existance of one specific god, would become something to the affect of &amp;quot;God does not exist&amp;quot;, and then I would use the exister verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11443" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T19:28:54.397" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15579" CreationDate="2015-12-16T17:37:39.173" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; is used to talk about the existence of something, with that thing being a direct object.  So if you could imagine yourself rewriting with &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt;, then &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; is generally what you'll want to use.  Note two small but important differences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the thing in question is the direct object with &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, but the subject with &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Hay unas manzanas por ahí?  Sí, &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; hay.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Exist&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; unas manzanas por ahí?  Sí, exist&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(ellas)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt; can be used with definite or indefinite things, but &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; requires indefinite&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Existe &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; fuente de la juventud?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(bien dicho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Existe &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; fuente de la juventud?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(bien dicho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Hay &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; fuente de la juventud?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(mal dicho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Hay &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; fuente de la juventud?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(bien dicho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that if you reference God (definite, e.g. &lt;em&gt;el Dios&lt;/em&gt;) you won't be able to use &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;.  But if referencing god(s), which can be used indefinitely, then you can use &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay un &lt;sub&gt;(o &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt; dios?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay un &lt;sub&gt;(o &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt; dios en el cielo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt; dios&lt;sub&gt;/&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;, estamos solos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll use &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; to be more generic, otherwise, &lt;em&gt;hay un dios&lt;/em&gt; means is there &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; god, as opposed to is there &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; god.  You'll generally want to use either &lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt; or pluralize &lt;em&gt;dios&lt;/em&gt; unless you give other attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; in the pronominal form &lt;em&gt;serse&lt;/em&gt; to mean &lt;em&gt;haber/existir&lt;/em&gt; but it's incredibly old fashioned and these days you only here it at to start a story: &lt;em&gt;érase una vez&lt;/em&gt;, but you could theoretically — but I absolute do not recommend — say, for instance, &lt;em&gt;¿Se es un dios?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;¿Esse un dios?&lt;/em&gt;, neither of which would probably be recognized by most Spanish speakers today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the differences, though, if we use the other verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es un dios?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is he/she/it a god?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es Dios? &lt;sub&gt;(note capitalization)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is it God?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es (el/un) dios [adj./sust.]?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is the/a god [adj./noun]?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;¿Es el/un dios en el cielo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(not grammatical, unless we finish the sentence like, &lt;em&gt;¿Es el dios en el cielo un ser espiritual?&lt;/em&gt; or something)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es Dios …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;He/she/it's not God&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No es ningún dios …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;He/she/it's no god …&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No es el Dios …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;He/she/it's not &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; God …&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está un dios?&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is a god (here)?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Está Dios?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is God (here)?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Está el dios?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is the god here?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Está un dios [adj.]?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is a god [adj.]? (etcétera)&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está un/el dios en el cielo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is a/the god in the sky/heavens?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Está Dios en el cielo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Is God in the sky/heavens?&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No está ningún/el dios …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;A/the god isn't (here) …&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No está Dios …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;God isn't (here) …&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you might want to note that there are other verbs that can be used to mean &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;, including &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;resultar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T17:37:39.173" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15574" CreationDate="2015-12-16T19:20:40.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;«[S]i no, se le vuelve a volar» es una oración condicional. Por lo general, estas construcciones consisten de una &lt;strong&gt;prótasis&lt;/strong&gt; (la parte de la oración que introduce la condición como tal) y una &lt;strong&gt;apódosis&lt;/strong&gt; (la parte de la oración que presenta la consecuencia de la condición). La prótasis es «si no» (que en esencia y en contexto, es «Si no la guarda bien en la jaula»), mientras que la apódosis es «se le vuelve a volar». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T19:20:40.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15377" CreationDate="2015-12-16T19:50:54.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un poco de&quot; is a &lt;em&gt;locución determinativa&lt;/em&gt;. A &lt;em&gt;locución&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is, according to the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En gramática se llama locución a una combinación fija de palabras que funciona como una determinada clase (locución nominal, adjetiva, verbal, etc.) y cuyo significado no es la suma del que tienen sus componentes por separado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rough translation: In grammar, a &lt;em&gt;locución&lt;/em&gt; is a fixed combination of words that works as a specific class, whose meaning isn't the sum of the those of their separate components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Un poco de&quot; is a &lt;em&gt;locución determinativa&lt;/em&gt; because it determines the quantity of Spanish you can speak. As quoted, the words that form a locution cannot be separated without them losing their original meaning, so instead of reading it word by word, the whole expression should be considered as a cluster of words whose meaning is equivalent to English &quot;some&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, that &quot;de&quot; is comparable to &quot;of&quot; in &quot;a little bit of&quot; or &quot;a lot of&quot;. So, the only difference between this post and the previous ones is that I'd say that the function of &quot;Un poco de&quot; is that of a &lt;em&gt;determinante&lt;/em&gt; rather than an &lt;em&gt;adjetivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T18:44:08.420" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T18:44:08.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15592" CreationDate="2015-12-16T20:19:04.290" Score="2" ViewCount="1152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was speaking to a woman from Mexico in English about Spanish. I said to her something like &quot;I see a lot of Spanish sign advertising using second person familiar, she didn't know what I meant. When I said tu, she did. What is the word or phrase for &quot;second person familiar&quot; in Spanish? More generally, how are the conjugations said in Spanish. When I took Spanish decades ago in English it was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;first person&#xA;second person familiar &#xA;second person formal and third person&#xA;first person plural&#xA;second person familiar plural&#xA;second person formal plural and third person plural&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would imagine the phrase would only be used in classes teaching Spanish grammar to Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T05:37:06.407" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T16:20:08.640" Title="What Is the Word or Phrase for Second Person Familiar in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15595" CreationDate="2015-12-16T20:28:59.213" Score="6" ViewCount="1149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando queremos llevar la traducción de una oración de inglés a español, comúnmente usamos el imperfecto en variados casos, a saber&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I didn't know = No sabía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿por qué no decir &lt;em&gt;no supe&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el nativo del inglés, ¿es siempre &lt;em&gt;didn't know&lt;/em&gt; pretérito perfecto? Pues los nativos del español llevamos verbos en pasado del inglés ya sea para usarlo como pretérito perfecto o imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T10:16:34.600" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T10:16:34.600" Title="¿Por qué traducimos &quot;I didn't know&quot; como &quot;no sabía&quot; en lugar de &quot;no supe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15569" CreationDate="2015-12-16T20:40:53.520" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pueda que esta palabra te pueda servir: despojarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. desnudarse (‖ quitarse el vestido) &lt;em&gt;o los calcetines en tu caso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Desposeerse de algo voluntariamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi hija se &lt;strong&gt;despojó&lt;/strong&gt; de los calcetines al poco de ponérselos, pues no dejaba de mover los pies contra la cuna.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="11160" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T20:47:18.683" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T20:47:18.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15585" CreationDate="2015-12-16T20:43:01.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para decir &quot;No supe&quot; se puede utilizar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I had no idea&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I had no clue&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés el término &quot;I have not&quot; se usa como preposición del verbo en su pretérito perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T22:09:45.180" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T22:09:45.180" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15584" CreationDate="2015-12-16T20:53:43.550" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, there are variations in the Spanish spoken in different Spanish-speaking countries (The same way that there are differences in English, for example with the words &lt;code&gt;centre&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;center&lt;/code&gt; or different meanings for &lt;code&gt;smart&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So of course we have 1st, 2nd and 3rd person, singular and plural. Basically: yo, tú, el/ella, nosotros, vosotros, ellos. Oh, well, there is another one, which may make things a little bit confusing, &lt;code&gt;usted/ustedes&lt;/code&gt;, which is the formal way of addressing someone (a 2nd person). The only tricky thing about it is that for verb conjugations it will use the 3rd form instead of 2nd, even if it is a 2nd person form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, why that woman had never heard of &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;? Well, among some of these variations of Spanish they don't use &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;vosotros&lt;/code&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Conjugation_with_vos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this reference&lt;/a&gt; for a &lt;em&gt;basic&lt;/em&gt; look into this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the countries use &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; so instead of saying &quot;eres muy amable&quot; would say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sos&lt;/strong&gt; muy amable&quot;, using &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Vos&lt;/strong&gt; sos muy amable&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other countries would even use &lt;code&gt;sois&lt;/code&gt;, like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sois&lt;/strong&gt; muy amable&quot;, with &lt;code&gt;sois&lt;/code&gt; being a 2nd person singular form even when for another Spanish would be plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vosotros &lt;strong&gt;sois&lt;/strong&gt; muy amables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some countries favor the use of the &lt;code&gt;ustedes&lt;/code&gt; form for 2nd person. For example, a teacher in Spain would ask her students&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Niños, qué &lt;strong&gt;veis&lt;/strong&gt; aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a teacher in Mexico would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Niños, qué &lt;strong&gt;ven&lt;/strong&gt; aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the usted form uses a 3rd person conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this is not to give you a complete insight about all the differences and/or all the variations, but just to tell you that these variations exist, and thus some countries don't use &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; because the favor &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;vos&lt;/code&gt; (and maybe use a particular conjugation for it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T22:03:56.543" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T22:03:56.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15584" CreationDate="2015-12-16T21:09:56.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you mean informal you (tú) as opposed to formal you (usted), I don't remember ever making the difference explicit except for some expressions like &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tutearse&lt;/em&gt; (I never heard an equivalent of &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; for usted, maybe it's something like &lt;em&gt;ustedeo&lt;/em&gt;), or &lt;em&gt;tratar de usted&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;tratar de tú&lt;/em&gt; (use the tú conjugation vs the usted conjugation). Here's an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Me &lt;strong&gt;puede usted&lt;/strong&gt; decir la hora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Las seis... pero no hace falta que me &lt;strong&gt;trates de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: De acuerdo, te &lt;strong&gt;tutearé&lt;/strong&gt; entonces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we don't use the word 'familiar' to refer to the pronoun tú, maybe that's what confused her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T21:09:56.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15498" CreationDate="2015-12-16T21:32:38.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;«A quien pueda interesar» es formal, común y carente de género específico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T21:32:38.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15569" CreationDate="2015-12-16T22:18:40.620" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que la traducción tiene que ser considerando el usuario final, y en este caso &quot;se quitó&quot; del verbo quitarse es lo más utilizado por el hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija se quitó los calcetines al poco tiempo de ponérselos, pues no&#xA;  dejaba de mover los pies contra la cuna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11525" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T12:23:40.687" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T12:23:40.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15584" CreationDate="2015-12-17T00:21:39.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm understanding you correctly, and you're just wanting to the grammatical term for (rather than the actual word used), then it's &lt;em&gt;segunda persona singular informal&lt;/em&gt;.  In total you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt;: primera persona singular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nosotros&lt;/strong&gt;: primera persona plural masculino o mixto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nosotras&lt;/strong&gt;: primera persona plural femenino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;: segunda persona singular informal o reverencial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;: segunda persona singular informal o de formalidad intermedia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;: segunda persona singular formal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt;: segunda persona plural informal masculino o mixto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vosotras&lt;/strong&gt;: segunda persona plural informal femenino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt;: tercera persona singular masculino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt;: tercera persona singular femenino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ello&lt;/strong&gt;: tercera persona singular neutro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ellos&lt;/strong&gt;: tercera persona plural masculino o mixto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ellas&lt;/strong&gt;: tercera personal plural femenino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can prefix all of these with &quot;pronombre de&quot; if you feel the need to be more specific.  You can also use &lt;em&gt;de tratamiento informal/familiar/cercano&lt;/em&gt; instead of just &lt;em&gt;informal&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;de tratamiento de respeto/cortesía/distanciamiento&lt;/em&gt; instead of just &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T00:28:54.640" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T00:28:54.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15574" CreationDate="2015-12-17T00:53:34.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;...le manda a decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;CD:&lt;/em&gt;{que por favor la guarde bien en la jaula cerrada &lt;em&gt;Prop subordinada adverbial de causa&lt;/em&gt;: [porque &lt;em&gt;Prop coordinada 1&lt;/em&gt;:(&lt;em&gt;Prop subordinada adverbial condicional:&lt;/em&gt; |si no| &lt;em&gt;Apódosis&lt;/em&gt;: ¦&lt;strong&gt;se le vuelve a volar&lt;/strong&gt;¦) y &lt;em&gt;Proposición coordinada 2&lt;/em&gt;: (esta es la última vez que se la devuelve)]}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, es una apódosis, dentro de una proposición coordinada, dentro de una proposición subordinada adverbial, dentro de un CD y este dentro de un proposición coordinada, nada más lejos de ser una oración principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5l5tm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5l5tm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T00:53:34.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15585" CreationDate="2015-12-17T02:04:14.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debes tener en cuenta que no es lo mismo &lt;strong&gt;No supe&lt;/strong&gt; a &lt;strong&gt;No sabía&lt;/strong&gt; pues a pesar de que ambos describen acciones que son en el pasado el primero habla de un caso puntual y el segundo de una acción que tiene una duración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ilustrando en un ejemplo lo que deseo que comprendas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante el verano pasado no sabía (&lt;em&gt;marcando una duración&lt;/em&gt;) donde estaba mi libro preferido, pero ayer lo supe (&lt;em&gt;marcando un momento puntual&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T02:04:14.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15585" CreationDate="2015-12-17T02:55:19.490" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I didn't know&lt;/code&gt; si se puede traducir como &lt;code&gt;No supe&lt;/code&gt;. La diferencia esta en que en Español hay dos formas con sentidos ligeramente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre durante un período:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No sabía&lt;/strong&gt; qué hacer &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; el examen (I didn't know what to do during the test)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evento puntual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No supe&lt;/strong&gt; qué decirle cuando me preguntó (I didn't know what to say when she asked)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como lo dije, el sentido es ligeramente diferente pero ambos en inglés se dicen como &lt;code&gt;I didn't know&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T19:24:02.993" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T19:24:02.993" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-17T12:27:53.060" Score="6" ViewCount="7623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is saying &lt;code&gt;me agrada&lt;/code&gt; for 'I like'  the same as saying &lt;code&gt;me gusta&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference in colloquial speech?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11530" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T14:15:52.133" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T21:12:29.520" Title="What is the difference between 'me agrada' and 'me gusta'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-17T12:47:52.713" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both have the same meaning and RAE indicates they are synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;me agrada&quot; is not used very much in colloquial speech, at least in Spain. It does not sound natural to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=17iDZMe&quot;&gt;agradar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De grado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Complacer, contentar, &lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T12:47:52.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-17T13:56:36.197" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just an opinion from a native Spanish speaker, but I'd say the difference is pretty much the same as English &lt;em&gt;be liked&lt;/em&gt; (gustar) and &lt;em&gt;please&lt;/em&gt; (agradar). Personally, if someone tells me something flattering like 'you are smart', 'you look cute today', 'you're the funnest girl I know', or such, I could reply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta que me digas eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me agrada que me digas eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I don't really feel I would be saying exactly the same thing: in the first case I would be just saying that I like to be told that, whereas in the second case I feel I would be saying something slightly closer to 'I'm flattered'. BTW, I would never say the first sentence as a reply for a compliment, while the second one is a pretty common thing to hear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; may have romantic connotations, while &lt;em&gt;agradar&lt;/em&gt; never has anything to do with romantic love. This can be seen in the expression &lt;em&gt;intentar agradar a alguien&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;deliberately trying to get someone to like you (without romantic implications)&quot;. I could give a friend a piece of advice by telling her: 'intenta agradar a tu jefe elogiando sus decisiones'.  If I said 'intenta gustar a tu jefe' I feel I could be misunderstood as telling her to flirt with him. That confusion is unlikely to occur because of context though, but you can always opt for 'agradar' in case of doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides those two observations, I'd say they mean pretty much the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;P.S. If I have made any grammar/vocabulary mistake in English, don't hesitate pointing it out: I'm learning too!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:18:59.263" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:18:59.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15569" CreationDate="2015-12-17T14:37:31.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría &amp;quot;quitarse&amp;quot; (como sugieren muchas de las otras respuestas). También entiendo que &amp;quot;quitarse&amp;quot; tiene cierta connotación de voluntariedad, y quieres expresar que la acción de &lt;em&gt;desprenderse&lt;/em&gt; del calcetín fue involuntaria, mientras la niña dormía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, puestos a responder la pregunta con &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;qué otras opciones hay&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (y aprender algo nuevo sobre nuestra lengua) he de decir que tu pregunta me hizo pensar en &lt;code&gt;remover&lt;/code&gt;. Estaba casi seguro de que era un anglicismo, pero al buscarlo en el RAE, vi que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=EUmbk4il1DXX2Z5eS7nP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remover&lt;/a&gt; puede tener el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quitar, apartar u obviar un inconveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;apartar a alguien de su empleo o destino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mudar algo de un lugar a otro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso en el DPD podemos encontrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remover&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay por qué censurar su empleo con los sentidos de ‘quitar [algo] de un lugar’&lt;/strong&gt; y ‘apartar [a alguien] de su cargo’, suponiendo, erróneamente, que se trata de un calco del inglés to remove: «Librar a este país de ese hombre, eso era lo principal. Removido ese obstáculo [...], se abriría una puerta» (VLlosa Fiesta [Perú 2000]); «Sus jefes tendrían la facultad de designar o remover coroneles y capitanes» (Otero Temporada [Cuba 1983]). Son acepciones tradicionales en español, ya presentes en el étimo latino: «Tales deven ser removidos de la aministraçión fasta que fagan buena penitençia» (Cuéllar Catecismo [Esp. 1325]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=remover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas ©2005 / RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/remover-%C2%BFanglicismo.265798/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Investigando un poco más&lt;/a&gt; aprendí que &lt;code&gt;remover&lt;/code&gt; puede ser un anglicismo cuando se usa con el sentido de &amp;quot;borrar&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;eliminar&amp;quot; (una traducción directa de, por ejemplo, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Remove&lt;/strong&gt; that file from the system&amp;quot;, que ya ha sido por cierto &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2075/5481&quot;&gt;preguntado en este sitio&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien, soy el primero en admitir que si dijeses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hija se &lt;strong&gt;ha removido&lt;/strong&gt; los calcetines al poco de ponérselos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tu interlocutor te iba a mirar como a un bicho raro, y pensaría que estás hablando &lt;em&gt;spanglish&lt;/em&gt; aunque no sea el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T14:45:41.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15604" CreationDate="2015-12-17T14:38:03.340" Score="2" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando hoy la radio cuando oí un anuncio sobre un sorteo de lotería. Al final de este, alguien decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo que tú jugaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase la entiendo: &quot;si yo fuera tú, jugaría [o participaría en este premio de lotería]&quot;. Sin embargo, me surgió la idea de qué es gramaticalmente este &quot;yo que tú&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en la RAE me parece que encaja con este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. Introduce una oración subordinada sustantiva. &lt;em&gt;Quiero que estudies. El miedo a que salga mal. Es imposible que lo olvide.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto si tal estructura tiene algún tipo de denominación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T15:34:23.197" Title="Gramaticalmente, ¿qué es &quot;yo que tú jugaba&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-17T15:32:56.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me agrada&quot; Is used more on Mexican Spanish, but &quot;Me gusta&quot; is used more on Spain's Spanish. colloquially speaking, it's the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11532" LastEditorUserId="11532" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T09:58:11.277" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T09:58:11.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15601" CreationDate="2015-12-17T15:34:23.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se considera una &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bnooacxygzYFLlNw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;construcción condicional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;code&gt;yo que tú&lt;/code&gt; tiene valor condicional, equivale a: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si yo fuera tú...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;En tu lugar, yo...&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y se puede construir con el verbo en condicional o en imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2253" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T15:34:23.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-17T17:42:12.227" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, I use 'me agrada' when referring to pleasantness, as to convey a good sensation or emotion with no deeper emphasis, a bit more formal, so to speak. For example, 'Me agrada su perfume' conveys that I find someone's perfume pleasant in a polite, measured way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Me gusta su perfume' translates to a stronger emotion of joy and liking. As if the perfume is good enough to potentially imply other deeper feelings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11534" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T17:42:12.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15607" CreationDate="2015-12-17T19:00:27.100" Score="1" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a small computer program that I need to make multi-lingual. To that end, I have used a few of the online translators. They have not worked very well for me in the past but it gives me a place to start. If it makes a difference, I know they do not sound the same at all, however, I am trying for Mexican-Spanish not Spanish-Spanish (From Spain).&#xA;Would someone care to correct or confirm my Spanish sample?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;First Name&#xA;el nombre de pila&#xA;&#xA;The First Name Property cannot be more than twenty-five characters in length.&#xA;La propiedad de nombre no puede ser más de 25 caracteres de longitud.&#xA;&#xA;The First Name Property must be at least three characters in length.&#xA;La propiedad de nombre debe ser al menos tres caracteres de longitud.&#xA;&#xA;The First Name Property is required and cannot be left blank.&#xA;La propiedad de nombre se requiere y no puede dejarse en blanco.&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindest Reguards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Randy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11535" LastEditorUserId="11535" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T19:25:59.093" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T20:13:53.657" Title="Would someone care to correct or confirm my Spanish sample?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-12-18T11:29:57.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15606" CreationDate="2015-12-17T19:10:27.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is almost there, but I would remove &quot;developer words&quot; such as &lt;code&gt;First Name property&lt;/code&gt; and leave it as &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;First Name&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nombre&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason: In Spanish we don't have to differentiate between First Name and Last Name (Nombre, Apellido) and although &lt;code&gt;Nombre de Pila&lt;/code&gt; is technically correct, to me it seems &lt;code&gt;Nombre&lt;/code&gt; is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The First Name Property cannot be more than twenty-five characters in length.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre no puede ser más de 25 caracteres.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to &quot;The name can not be more than 25 characters&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The First Name Property must be at least 3 characters in length.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre tiene que ser al menos 3 caracteres&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to &quot;The name must be at least 3 characters&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The First Name Property is required and cannot be left blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre es requerido y no puede dejarse en blanco&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to &quot;The name is required and cannot be left blank&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2253" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T19:10:27.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15606" CreationDate="2015-12-17T20:13:53.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;(This should be a comment to gtgaxiola's answer but I don't have enough reputation points to add comments yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I would go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre no debe contener más de 25 caracteres&lt;/code&gt; and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre debe contener al menos 3 caracteres&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sounds more formal to me, and that's how I usually see it in Spanish web pages. Also, I think it may be because of the USA influence over Mexico that a passive voice has been proposed for the last sentence, but in Spanish passive tenses should actually be avoided. Instead, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El nombre es necesario y no puede dejarse en blanco&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that while this option is a little bit more &quot;free&quot;, it sounds better -as it usually is the case when translating. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T20:13:53.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15610" CreationDate="2015-12-18T08:39:58.317" Score="2" ViewCount="9293" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unas semanas me rompí la clavícula en pedazos al caer de mi bici de montaña. Durante el tiempo que estaba ingresado en el hospital, tres personas diferentes me han dicho: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sarna con gusto no pica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por mi actitud, que es, basicamente, &quot;esto duele mucho, pero vivo por y para el deporte y no voy a cambiar nada&quot;. Si esto parece egoísta, tengo seguro médico, así que, no cuesta nada a los contribuyentes a las arcas públicas :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunata es cómo se traduce esta frase al Inglés. Creo que es algo como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't do the crime, if you won't do the time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you've got an itch, you've got to scratch it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o una combinación de las dos. &quot;Nice scabies does not itch&quot; suena muy raro en Inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5414" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T11:33:54.487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T15:54:44.827" Title="¿Qué refrán inglés es equivalente a &quot;sarna con gusto no pica&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ClosedDate="2018-04-30T13:30:23.663" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15609" CreationDate="2015-12-18T10:21:25.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=59505&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;comenta el Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;, el significado de esta expresión es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien que va tras algo de forma voluntaria, no siente molestias por&#xA;  las posibles incomodidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso particular está muy bien usada la expresión, pues eres un poco kamikaze (con cariño ;) ) y tienes accidentes. Como el deporte extremo es algo que te gusta practicar, la molestia que te ocasionan los accidentes que tienes no es tal como para impedirte seguir haciéndolo. Consejo de padre: ¡ve con cuidado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/sarna-con-gusto-no-pica.561659/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado un par de traducciones al inglés que no son literales, sino que mantienen el sentido del refrán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you love scabies, they don't hurt&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you like the scratching then you do not mind the lice&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente necesitamos algún angloparlante para confirmar que sí son refranes típicos y con el mismo significado. Mis búsquedas me indican que parece que sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T15:54:44.827" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T15:54:44.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15622" CreationDate="2015-12-18T13:26:36.227" Score="1" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionaries I've checked all translate it as &quot;to write&quot; but my Mexican girlfriend assures me that this fails to capture the whole meaning. What's the closest word or phrase in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11541" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T20:34:02.873" Title="How would you translate &quot;redactar&quot; into English?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15617" CreationDate="2015-12-18T15:28:58.407" Score="1" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following the discussion related to the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15377/11155&quot;&gt;Use of the preposition &amp;#39;&amp;#39;de&amp;#39;&amp;#39;&lt;/a&gt;, I want to ask a separate (but strongly related) explicit question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is the phrase &lt;em&gt;un poco de&lt;/em&gt; an example of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partitive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;partitive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to match the definition of partitive as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a word, phrase, or case that indicates partialness...  In many languages  the partitive is expressed by the genitive case, sometimes called the partitive genitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T22:48:15.230" Title="Is the phrase &quot;un poco de&quot; an example of partitive?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15614" CreationDate="2015-12-18T15:33:28.710" Score="2" ViewCount="4125" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia veo aplicaciones informáticas en las que hay un botoncito &quot;toggle&quot; para indicar &quot;activar/desactivar&quot; algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[Parte técnica] Por ejemplo, en Git podemos usarlo para indicar si queremos que los comentarios aparezcan (o no) cuando se revisa un código.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que la traducción de tal palabra es &quot;alternar&quot;, &quot;conmutar&quot;, &quot;turnar&quot; como verbo o &quot;interruptor&quot;, &quot;conmutador&quot; como nombre. Sin embargo, ninguna de ellas me acaba de convencer y no sé si la gente entendería su funcionalidad en una aplicación en castellano que usara esta terminología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué os parece? ¿Se os ocurre alguna palabra que encaje mejor con este concepto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T20:20:58.303" Title="¿&quot;Toggle&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15613" CreationDate="2015-12-18T17:43:27.640" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Analizando dos definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/toggle.html&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como verbo: alternar, cambiar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como sustantivo: conmutación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=toggle&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como verbo: alternar, conmutar, turnar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y analizando —en la primera de las anteriores (Linguee)— algunos de los ejemplos traducidos (tomados de páginas con versiones en ambos idiomas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A dedicated mode&#xA;  button let you quickly toggle between photos and clocks. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.philips.co.uk/c/digital-photo/17.8-cm-7-inch-spf2307_10/prd/&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un botón de modo específico&#xA;  que te permite alternar rápidamente entre las fotos y el reloj. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.philips.es/c/fotografia-digital/17.8-cm-7-pulgada-spf2307_10/prd/&quot;&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A toggle control that defines the territory as inactive. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://help.sap.com/saphelp_sbo88/helpdata/en/45/06b9737d720487e10000000a155369/content.htm&quot;&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un control de conmutación que define el territorio como inactivo. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://help.sap.com/saphelp_sbo88/helpdata/es/45/06b9737d720487e10000000a155369/content.htm&quot;&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y considerando la experiencia que tengo desarrollando software en ambos idiomas, creo sinceramente que las mejores traducciones son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como verbo: alternar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como sustantivo: conmutación (aunque no tan claro).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más recomendable sería evitar su uso (en tanto sustantivo) con una sola palabra, y en estos casos preferir alguna frase de reemplazo, tal como el ejemplo que tú das de Git.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T17:43:27.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15611" CreationDate="2015-12-18T18:08:24.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Redactar comes from the ver &lt;code&gt;to write&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish but is a word that joins the idea of writing something that has passed as: &quot;Luis redacta todas las cartas en el periódico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I will still use &lt;em&gt;write&lt;/em&gt; as part of your sentence and I will probably add up some words that it will intensify the meaning of it as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis is the one in charge of &lt;strong&gt;writing and editing&lt;/strong&gt; all the letters at the newspaper&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Diego suggested, &lt;em&gt;compose&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;edit&lt;/em&gt; can help out to develop the meaning of your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T03:06:26.510" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T03:06:26.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-19T13:15:39.003" Score="2" ViewCount="398" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poco a poco había ido cayendo en la rutina de visitar a las ya&#xA;  establecidas, acostándose con ellas &lt;strong&gt;hasta donde&lt;/strong&gt; le sirvieran,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;hasta donde&lt;/strong&gt; le fuera posible, &lt;strong&gt;hasta cuando&lt;/strong&gt; tuvieran vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se pueden considerar &lt;em&gt;hasta cuando&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hasta donde&lt;/em&gt; como conjunciones temporales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T14:16:13.293" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T15:09:47.733" Title="¿Son &quot;hasta cuando&quot; y &quot;hasta donde&quot; conjunciones temporales?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15612" CreationDate="2015-12-19T13:37:01.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, only numbers (un, dos, tres...) or such (medio, tercio, tercera parte...) are &lt;em&gt;partitivos&lt;/em&gt;. 'De' is described as part of a &lt;em&gt;construcción partitiva&lt;/em&gt; here (lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5), but not as a partitive itself. Personally, I'm not a fan of translating grammar terms because each language tends to describe others using as a model their own conceptions of language and sentence structures. Thus, several English sources describe 'de' as a partitive, while the RAE doesn't recognize it as such. So it may be a &lt;em&gt;partitive&lt;/em&gt;, but not a &lt;em&gt;partitivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, note that this question is not the same as the one being discussed in the original thread. There, 'de' was claimed to be a partitive, which is not true in Spanish. 'Un poco de' is indeed a partitive (or a &lt;em&gt;construcción partitiva&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish), but not &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, other languages closely related to Spanish do consider &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; as a partitive. The main difference between Spanish and other Romance languages such as Italian or French is that Spanish &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;un poco de&lt;/em&gt; is a genitive preposition, but French &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Je veux de l'eau&lt;/em&gt; or Italian &lt;em&gt;di&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Voglio dell'acqua&lt;/em&gt; are not so because the genitive case is described as &quot;a noun modifying another noun&quot; and there's no noun to modify in &lt;em&gt;Je veux de l'eau&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Voglio dell'acqua&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;eau/acqua&lt;/em&gt; being the &quot;another noun&quot;). That noun is required in Spanish, but not in French or Italian. Actually, in those languages they aren't even called a preposition because a preposition &quot;links&quot;, and there's nothing to link in &lt;em&gt;Je veux de l'eau/Voglio dell'acqua&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why French and Italian call it a partitive article and consider it more or less as a part of the noun itself, not as a connection between the noun/verb and the noun. So the &quot;object&quot; of I want is &lt;em&gt;de l'eau/dell'acqua&lt;/em&gt;, not that &lt;em&gt;de/di&lt;/em&gt; connects want and water, as is the case in Spanish &lt;em&gt;Quiero un poco de agua&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; connects &quot;poco&quot; y &quot;agua&quot;, thus being a real preposition rather than an article. That's what makes them essentially different, both sintactically and morphologically, and there lies the difference between a 'genitive case' and a 'partitive'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T22:48:15.230" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T22:48:15.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15616" CreationDate="2015-12-19T14:06:54.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no diría que son conjunciones temporales. Una &lt;em&gt;conjunción&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra, nunca un conjunto de palabras. En todo caso, podría discutirse si es una &lt;em&gt;locución conjuntiva&lt;/em&gt;, pero yo tampoco diría que es una locución. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, se trata de una proposición subordinada adverbial propia temporal. Si dices que &lt;em&gt;hasta cuando&lt;/em&gt; es la conjunción/locución conjuntiva, también tendría que ser el nexo que una la subordinada a la principal, y dado que es propia, se tendría que poder sustituir por el adverbio &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt;, con lo cual te quedaría algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Poco a poco había ido cayendo en la rutina de visitar a las ya establecidas, acostándose con ellas &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su lugar, en mi opinión la sustitución correcta tendría que ser algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Poco a poco había ido cayendo en la rutina de visitar a las ya establecidas, acostándose con ellas &lt;strong&gt;hasta entonces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;hasta entonces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;hasta entonces&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todo ello, sólo se puede concluir que el &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; no debe permanecer a la subordinada, y por lo tanto no puede formar una locución con &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; (ello las haría inseparables). Lo que tienes es tres complementos circunstanciales de tiempo (iniciados por &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;), que son también sintagmas preposicionales, cuya preposición es &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;, y su término (todo lo demás), la subordinada propiamente dicha. Entonces, &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; serían los nexos de la subordinada, y no &lt;em&gt;hasta donde&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hasta cuando&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hasta cuando&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T15:09:47.733" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T15:09:47.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-19T14:45:49.460" Score="0" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dos acciones están en perspectiva de un momento pasado ¿no? ¿Alguien me podría explicar por favor por qué en (1) se usa el indicativo mientras en la frase (2) se utiliza el subjuntivo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;em&gt;Pues esto ocurrió &lt;strong&gt;después de que ella lo interrumpió en su lectura de la tarde&lt;/strong&gt; para pedirle que la mirara a la cara, y él tuvo el primer indicio de que su círculo infernal había sido descubierto.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) &lt;em&gt;La prima Hildebranda Sánchez había venido a visitarla poco &lt;strong&gt;después de que ella estuviera en su hacienda de Flores de María&lt;/strong&gt; reponiéndose de la mala hora de la señorita Lynch.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T15:31:46.463" Title="Indicativo vs subjuntivo con &quot;después de que&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15619" CreationDate="2015-12-19T15:31:46.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tenemos en (1) algo que definitivamente ocurrió cronológicamente después de la interrupción.  Ella lo interrumpió y «esto» (lo que fuese) ocurrió.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en (2), algo vino &lt;em&gt;con el fin&lt;/em&gt; de visitar a alguien después de otra acción.  No tenemos certeza de que ella estuviera allí ni, en el caso de que así fuera, de que llegasen después del hecho.  Puede que hubiesen llegado antes aunque si intención fuese el contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usásemos el indicativo en (2), en vez de decir que la intención era llegar visitar después de aquello, estaríamos diciendo meramente el orden cronológico: ella estaba allí, y algo antes alguien vino a visitarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T15:31:46.463" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-19T18:58:53.760" Score="3" ViewCount="3324" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Me podéis aclarar una duda por favor? Se trata de las conjunciones &lt;em&gt;tan pronto como&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;en cuanto&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;En algunos libros leo que son conjunciones que expresan posterioridad inmediata y en otros que expresan anterioridad inmediata. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues ¿qué tipo de relación establecen? ¿de anterioridad o posterioridad? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10987" LastEditorUserId="6920" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T14:37:57.890" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T18:30:49.697" Title="Conjunciones &quot;tan pronto como&quot; y &quot;en cuanto&quot;" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15611" CreationDate="2015-12-19T20:34:02.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about &lt;code&gt;to draft&lt;/code&gt; or sometimes &lt;code&gt;to compose&lt;/code&gt;? It seems what I've gathered from definitions &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/redactar&quot;&gt;such as these&lt;/a&gt; is that it is a formal verb that covers all the actions involved in the professional composition of documents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9550" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T20:34:02.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15624" CreationDate="2015-12-19T21:26:07.817" Score="1" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google.Translate.com translated the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It has several YouTube videos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuenta con varios vídeos de YouTube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This caught me off guard, as I was anticipating for Google to translate this as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene varios vídeos de YouTube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'm well aware that in any language, there are multiple ways to express the same idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, how common is it for native speakers of Spanish to use &quot;contar con&quot; versus &quot;tener&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T16:01:48.010" Title="Is it common for &quot;contar con&quot; to mean &quot;to have&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15623" CreationDate="2015-12-19T22:21:05.413" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is quite common, and a great word to incorporate to one's vocabulary. It is pretty much the same as 'tener':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tener: 2. Poseer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Contar CON: 10. Tener, disponer de una cualidad o de cierto número de personas o cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would describe &quot;contar con&quot; (besides the evident meaning of &quot;to count with/on&quot;) as &quot;to be equipped with&quot;, &quot;to be fitted with&quot;, &quot;to have something at hand&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El laboratorio cuenta con productos de alta tecnología.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The lab is &lt;em&gt;equipped with&lt;/em&gt; high technology products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El coche cuenta con un excelente sistema de refrigeración interna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The car is &lt;em&gt;fitted with&lt;/em&gt; an excellent system of internal refrigeration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Los estudiantes cuentan con un servicio de ayuda para lo que necesiten.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Students &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; a helping service &lt;em&gt;at hand&lt;/em&gt; for everything they need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, all sentences can be made substituting the verbs used by the verb 'to have' and the meaning remains essentially the same. Some situations where &quot;contar con&quot; is not applicable as a synonym for &quot;to have&quot; are when speaking of &lt;em&gt;age&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Tengo 10 años&quot;, and never &quot;Cuento con 10 años&quot;), about &lt;em&gt;scheduled events&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Tengo una reunión&quot;, and never &quot;Cuento con una reunión&quot;), &lt;em&gt;opinions&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Te tengo como una buena persona&quot;, and never &quot;Te cuento como una buena persona&quot;), &lt;em&gt;obbligations&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Tengo que irme&quot;, and never &quot;Cuento con irme&quot;), and as a &lt;em&gt;synonym for 'to hold'&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Tenme la chaqueta&quot;, and never &quot;Cuenta con mi chaqueta&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &quot;contar con&quot; can actually be used as &quot;tener&quot; when speaking about someone's age, but only in very literary contexts (poetry or such):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Contaba con tan sólo veinte primaveras cuando le llegó la muerte&quot;, meaning he was only 20 when he died.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-20T16:01:48.010" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T16:01:48.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15626" CreationDate="2015-12-20T03:46:00.163" Score="3" ViewCount="289" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo te las pienso buscar cuando tenga suficiente tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble replacing the direct object pronoun (las) and indirect object pronoun (te) with their corresponding nouns. It's also unclear what the translation of &lt;code&gt;pensar + infinitive&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tenga&lt;/code&gt; is in this context. Here's what I've gotten:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I think of searching for you [te] when there's enough time for them [las]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't sound right to me. How would I go about analyzing a sentence like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T09:31:15.070" Title="How do you parse a sentence like this?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15625" CreationDate="2015-12-20T04:54:01.947" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's build this translation starting with a slightly simpler sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo las buscaré cuando tenga suficiente tiempo&#xA;    |     |&#xA;    |     |&#xA;    +-----O-------+&#xA;          |       |&#xA;          |       |&#xA;I will look for them when I have enough time.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, with your original sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo te las pienso buscar cuando tenga suficiente tiempo.&#xA;    |  |     |&#xA;    |  |     |&#xA;    +--------------------------+&#xA;       |     |                 |&#xA;    +--------+                 |&#xA;    |  |                       |&#xA;    |  +-----------------+     |&#xA;    |                    |     |&#xA;    |                    |     |&#xA;I intend to search for them for you when I have enough time.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;code&gt;pienso buscar&lt;/code&gt; means that the speaker has an intention to do the searching, and I think it is expressed better with &lt;code&gt;to intend&lt;/code&gt;. I also think that &lt;code&gt;look for&lt;/code&gt; could be used instead of &lt;code&gt;search&lt;/code&gt;, but in the case of the last translation it may produce a mess with &lt;code&gt;for you&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option to express the same idea of the original sentence in Spanish could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la intención de buscártelas cuando tenga suficiente tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;code&gt;pienso buscar&lt;/code&gt; da la idea de intención, que creo que es mejor expresable en inglés con &lt;code&gt;to intend&lt;/code&gt;. También creo que se puede usar &lt;code&gt;look for&lt;/code&gt; en vez de &lt;code&gt;search&lt;/code&gt;, pero en el caso de la última traducción puede que se enrede con el &lt;code&gt;for you&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra manera de expresar esa idea en español es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la intención de buscártelas cuando tenga suficiente tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T09:31:15.070" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T09:31:15.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15627" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15628" CreationDate="2015-12-20T06:14:09.613" Score="4" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across the usage is andar to mean to function. I attempted to use this in a Mexican context where I didn't want to eat, and attempted to say &quot;My mouth isn't working right now&quot; as &quot;Ya no anda mi boca&quot;. This got a good few laughs, and I was corrected to use &quot;funcionar&quot; in place of &quot;andar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question, what is the subtle difference between the two when talking about if something is working or not in this context? Why can I say &quot; No anda mi moto&quot; but not &quot;boca&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8950" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T11:22:01.843" Title="Using &quot;andar&quot; for &quot;to function&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15627" CreationDate="2015-12-20T09:27:41.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply put, 'andar' is only used when referring to something mechanical/a machine. According to the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Andar 3. intr. Dicho de un artefacto o de una máquina: Moverse para ejecutar sus funciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: La moto no anda porque está sin combustible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose it could be translated as 'go', for example: no anda mi coche =&gt; my car won't go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that shows why using it for 'boca' etc. wouldn't be right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6849" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-20T11:22:01.843" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T11:22:01.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-20T17:09:16.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never heard anybody say &quot;me agrada&quot; when I was living in Chile. Go for &quot;me gusta&quot; to express &quot;I like it&quot; can't go wrong in most situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T17:09:16.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15621" CreationDate="2015-12-20T17:33:46.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del contexto. Estas expresiones se utilizan en la conversación informal para hablar del futuro y del pasado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la regla mas simple es fijarse como esta conjugado el verbo. Los he marcado en &lt;strong&gt;negrita&lt;/strong&gt; para resaltar la diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tan pronto como&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posterioridad: &lt;strong&gt;Hazlo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tan pronto como&lt;/em&gt; sea posible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anterioridad: &lt;em&gt;Tan pronto como&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;acabó&lt;/strong&gt; de hacerlo, se marcho a su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En cuando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posterioridad: &lt;em&gt;En cuanto&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;acabe&lt;/strong&gt;, le enviaré una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anterioridad: &lt;em&gt;En cuanto&lt;/em&gt; se &lt;strong&gt;marchó&lt;/strong&gt; su jefe, preparo sus cosas para irse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6920" LastEditorUserId="6920" LastEditDate="2015-12-20T17:49:17.167" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T17:49:17.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15631" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-20T22:42:50.440" Score="5" ViewCount="459" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy un colombiano que conozco estaba leyendo una carta en voz alta.  Mantenía una pronunciación (o bien, característica lingüística) curiosa que no asociaba con su país natal, que es la existencia de una &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; epentética en las formas del infinitivo.  En vez de &lt;em&gt;estamos aquí para celebrar&lt;/em&gt;, dijo &lt;em&gt;estamos aquí para celebrare&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo.  Ya que lo dijo con todos los infinitivos igual, estoy seguro de que no dijo algo como &lt;em&gt;estamos aquí para celebrar, eh...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que &lt;em&gt;celebrare&lt;/em&gt; normalmente es una forma del futuro del subjuntivo, en algunos dialectos también es la forma infinitiva.  Lo curioso no es la existencia de esta forma, sino el hecho de que la escuché de alguien que (1) no autorreconocía la pronunciación, (2) no la tenía en el habla conversacional (solo al leer formalmente), (3) es de Colombia, que, que yo sepa, no la tiene, y (4) es un hombre muy culto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, mi pregunta sería, imagino, si alguien sabría el posible origen de esta pronunciación... ¿es típico de alguna zona colombiana?  ¿de un registro oratorio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T09:45:02.317" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T07:47:45.060" Title="Vocal epentética en el infinitivo del español colombiano" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-21T18:02:07.093" Score="0" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Como traduciríais la palabra &lt;em&gt;branding&lt;/em&gt; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un límite de 16 caracteres e «imagen corporativa» o «imagen de marca» se pasan de longitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9582" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T09:40:54.410" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T09:40:54.410" Title="Traducción de &quot;branding&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15634" CreationDate="2015-12-21T22:19:58.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con esas restricciones (en especial la de número de caracteres), y la falta de contexto sobre &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; va a ser usada a mi lo único que se me ocurre es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Instaurar marca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Branding (que es un anglicismo que seguramente es perfectamente comprendido por aquellos que van a estar leyendo sobre &lt;em&gt;branding&lt;/em&gt;) engloba varias cosas: crear una marca en imagen corporativa, mantenerla, posicionar la marca... (como seguro que ya sabes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;code&gt;crear marca&lt;/code&gt; que es muy básico (y puede que no recoja todos los matices de &lt;em&gt;branding&lt;/em&gt;) puede no ser del todo aplicable (no dices dónde va a ir el &quot;rotulo&quot;), yo optaría por una explicación tipo &lt;code&gt;creación de marca&lt;/code&gt;, que de nuevo puede no englobar todo lo que &lt;em&gt;branding&lt;/em&gt; es, pero es la definición más básica. Como se me pasa de caracteres&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; opté por sinónimos de &quot;crear&quot; e &lt;code&gt;instaurar&lt;/code&gt; era de el que mejor se adaptaba, para mi gusto. &lt;code&gt;Establecer&lt;/code&gt; podría valer, pero &lt;code&gt;establecer marca&lt;/code&gt; son 17 caracteres y puede tener el matiz de que la marca ya está creada y que lo que se busca es sólo posicionarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; Tal vez sea posible hablar con alguien para ampliar esa restricción? Es por proponer otra solución un poco &quot;out-of-the-box thinking&quot;, en caso de que a alguien se le ocurra un término genial pero se pase por un par de letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T22:19:58.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15636" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15638" CreationDate="2015-12-21T23:27:58.443" Score="4" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that in Spanish adjectives go after the nouns which they describe, as opposed to English where adjectives go before. So it is correct to say &quot;la casa roja&quot; in Spanish as &quot;the red house&quot; in English. However, I have come across the phrase &quot;Yo tengo suficiente ropa.&quot; Why does &quot;suficiente&quot; go before the noun &quot;ropa?&quot; Isn't &quot;suficiente&quot; an adjective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11555" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T12:33:08.760" Title="Placement of adjectives in Spanish" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-12-23T14:24:27.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15636" CreationDate="2015-12-22T00:18:22.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting question about a thing I had never noticed!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not all the times the adjective comes before the noun. It is indeed the most normal location, but placing it differently is also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, using the form &lt;code&gt;adjective&lt;/code&gt; +  &lt;code&gt;noun&lt;/code&gt; sounds a bit more poetic: &lt;code&gt;la blanca paloma&lt;/code&gt; would appear in a written, nice text; &lt;code&gt;la paloma blanca&lt;/code&gt; is merely descriptive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, and this I just learnt by checking information for the question, the adjective before the noun can also give a meaning of subjectivity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/adjetivos/posicion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la posición del adjetivo&lt;/a&gt; in Lingolia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Normalmente, en español el adjetivo va detrás del sustantivo. &lt;em&gt;la mesa&#xA;  negra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ciertas ocasiones, sin embargo, puede preceder al sustantivo. Se&#xA;  suele hacer para enfatizar las cualidades del sustantivo.&#xA;  Generalmente, &lt;strong&gt;cuando se sitúa el adjetivo delante del sustantivo se&#xA;  suele estar expresando una apreciación subjetiva.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which really matches the example you are mentioning &quot;yo tengo suficiente ropa&quot; may experss a singular opinion about a topic; you would expect the wife of the person saying this replying &quot;pues yo no&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T00:18:22.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15636" CreationDate="2015-12-22T00:32:52.560" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference you see between putting the adjective before/after the noun applies only to &lt;em&gt;calificative&lt;/em&gt; adjectives. There are several other types of adjectives where this just does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suficiente&lt;/em&gt; is a 'quantifier', an indefinite adjective like &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;I answer this question without considering the interesting observation that &amp;quot;suficiente&amp;quot; may antecede or precede the noun, unlike other similar adjectives (as indicated by the comments and the response of fedorqui).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo &lt;strong&gt;suficiente&lt;/strong&gt; ropa. / Yo tengo ropa &lt;strong&gt;suficiente&lt;/strong&gt;. (OK)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo &lt;strong&gt;bastante&lt;/strong&gt; dinero. / &lt;del&gt;Yo tengo dinero &lt;strong&gt;bastante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/del&gt;. (not work)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to interpret this (and this is an opinion) is considering that the indefinite adjective 'suficiente', for stylistic reasons rather than semantic, can be understood sometimes as a qualifier instead of quantifier, in which case is placed after the adjective as would with another calificative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T12:33:08.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15639" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-22T20:42:58.823" Score="2" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Notan diferencias entre lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo salir porque me &lt;strong&gt;rompí&lt;/strong&gt; el brazo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No puedo salir porque me &lt;strong&gt;he roto&lt;/strong&gt; el brazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que ambas expresiones carecen de expresión temporal, pero, ¿es la primera oración gramaticalmente incorrecta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T23:40:36.950" Title="Pretérito perfecto compuesto y Pretérito Perfecto sin expresión temporal" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15639" CreationDate="2015-12-22T21:34:46.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español distingue dos tipos de pretéritos perfectos: el pretérito perfecto simple y el pretérito perfecto compuesto. Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=qMhy4gwIzDXX2O6nrTx3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, el primero denota una acción o un estado de cosas anteriores al momento en que se habla, &lt;strong&gt;sin vinculación con el presente&lt;/strong&gt;; mientras que el segundo denota una acción o un estado de cosas anteriores al momento en que se habla, &lt;strong&gt;vinculado con el presente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego la cuestión fundamental es qué relación guarda con el presente la acción que se está refiriendo. Desde un punto de vista gramatical, en este caso se debería usar el pretérito perfecto compuesto (&lt;em&gt;me he roto el brazo&lt;/em&gt;) porque se está estableciendo una relación más que evidente entre romperse el brazo y el presente (&lt;em&gt;no poder salir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, también es verdad que más frecuentemente que no, los hablantes hacen uso de su idioma independientemente de lo que diga una academia. Así, el pretérito perfecto simple (&lt;em&gt;me rompí&lt;/em&gt;) está mucho más extendido en Latino América, mientras que el pretérito perfecto compuesto (&lt;em&gt;me he roto&lt;/em&gt;) lo está en España (obviando variantes regionales), y esto independientemente de la relación que guarde la acción con el momento presente. De hecho, la RAE menciona esta gran variedad de usos como un factor que ha determinado que hoy día ambas formas se consideren igual de correctas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, &lt;strong&gt;ninguna de las frases es gramaticalmente incorrecta&lt;/strong&gt;; la elección entre una u otra dependerá en su mayor medida de en dónde te encuentres. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T23:40:36.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2015-12-23T04:02:23.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A la orden&quot; literally means &quot;&lt;strong&gt;at your service&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;at your command.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; It was used originally in military contexts, usually as a greeting or response to a soldier of superior rank. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if a major addressed a private, he'd respond with &quot;A la orden, mi comandante!&quot; Which means, &quot;At your service [or command], Captain!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It stuck as a phrase in Spanish, and is now used in one of two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;At your service&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - literal, straightforward meaning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;You're welcome&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - Just as in English we have different ways of responding to a &quot;thank you,&quot; such as with &quot;You're welcome&quot; and &quot;No problem&quot; or &quot;Don't mention it,&quot; this expression is used in Spanish as another substitute for &quot;you're welcome&quot;. Because of the connotation the word carries, it carries a more polite undertone than a simple &quot;de nada&quot; (translation: &quot;you're welcome&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española gives the following definition for &quot;a la orden&quot; (definition #3):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. U. como fórmula de cortesía para ofrecerse a la disposición de otra persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, it refers to the first definition above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3082" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T04:02:23.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2015-12-24T05:24:20.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to my other answer which uses an English phone to proximate [r], I am posting these videos which depict and animate how to phonate [r].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/bLanMBXbebo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this 3 second clip&lt;/a&gt;, whose author has &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/user/Lengalia/videos?view=0&amp;amp;shelf_id=1&amp;amp;sort=dd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;many more animations of other Spanish phones&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/12876/5306&quot;&gt;This supernally helpful answer&lt;/a&gt; revealed animations for all IPA phones, including &lt;a href=&quot;http://ipa.group.shef.ac.uk/dialog_main.php?num=16&amp;amp;type=consonants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[r]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:54:12.857" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T05:24:20.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15639" CreationDate="2015-12-24T16:53:07.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no hay diferencia entre ambas oraciones en el sentido de la acción del verbo sobre el objeto.&#xA;Si hay una diferencia en el sentido del verbo sobre la persona (al menos asi lo aprecio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El decir me rompí, da a entender a una acción pasada lejana. Al decir: &quot;me rompí&quot; da a entender a una acción de hace 1 o 2 días.&#xA;El decir me he roto, da a entender que el acontencimiento o acción acaba de suceder en el momento de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej:&#xA;Me rompí....el brazo hace 2 días.&#xA;Me he roto el brazo...hace unos minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recalco que es solo mi apreciación de acuerdo a mi ambiente cultural y es la manera como lo aplicamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T16:53:07.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15661" CreationDate="2015-12-24T22:14:47.677" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a manual which title says &lt;code&gt;&quot;PACKING CHECKLIST&quot;&lt;/code&gt; the direct translation is &lt;code&gt;&quot;LISTA DE VERIFICACIÓN DEL EMPAQUE&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, Is this correct?, well I think so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;License Sheets&#xA;Declaration of conformity&#xA;Electrical safety test report&#xA;Calibration sheet&#xA;Infant patient response switch&#xA;live speech test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am translating them as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Licencia&#xA;Declaración de conformidad&#xA;Informe de prueba de seguridad eléctrica&#xA;Hoja de calibración&#xA;Interruptor de respuesta del paciente infantil (paciente pediátrico?)&#xA;prueba de voz en vivo (prueba de voz en tiempo real?)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as these is a technic manual, I do not think &lt;code&gt;&quot;Hojas&quot;&lt;/code&gt; suit the real meaning, I guess &lt;code&gt;&quot;Manuales de Licencia&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&quot;Manual de Calibración&quot;&lt;/code&gt; would fit better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also on Infant patient response switch I have some doubts, for some reason...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;respuesta del paciente infantil&quot; does not sound correct&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally &lt;code&gt;live speech test&lt;/code&gt; can be translated to &lt;code&gt;prueba de voz en vivo&lt;/code&gt;, but I guess it sounds better &lt;code&gt;&quot;prueba de voz en tiempo real&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think?&#xA;What would be a better translation of these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="1129" LastEditDate="2015-12-26T15:23:33.650" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T15:12:33.310" Title="Best Translation for a packing checklist and some info" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15648" CreationDate="2015-12-26T09:57:29.677" Score="6" ViewCount="825" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are Spanish-to-English translations from a lesson on Memrise.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;este &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; más barato (this one is cheaper)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;este &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; más nuevo (this one is newer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; used when describing something as cheap, but a form of &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; is used when describing something as new?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:58:01.010" Title="When is it appropriate to use 'ser' versus 'estar' for 'nuevo' or 'barato'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15646" CreationDate="2015-12-26T14:13:03.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English the verb &lt;em&gt;To be&lt;/em&gt; is used in both cases but in Spanish those are two completely different verbs with different meanings. The full explanation could be a long one but the short one using your example is like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;este &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; más barato&quot; means that at this moment one article is cheaper that other in a temporary situation likely to change shortly, however you could also say &quot;este &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; más barato&quot; meaning that one article is in generally/usually/always cheaper than the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other example is similar and it states that the current state of one of the objects is being newer (less used) that the other, but that is also a situation that could change in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not the same to say &quot;Esa mujer es muy bonita&quot; oposite to &quot;Esa mujer está muy bonita&quot;. I hope you now can think of situations where this last example applies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; is usually used to express a permanent state/property of something while &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; is more of a temporary thing, but as I said these two are possibly the more complex verbs to learn. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW if you use the search tool on this site for &quot;ser estar&quot; you will get more than a hundred questions that will help you learn more about these two verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T13:37:12.483" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:37:12.483" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15650" CreationDate="2015-12-27T09:37:12.887" Score="1" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la frase correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Ya le he pasado a él el documento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Ya le he pasado a el él documento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11584" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-28T10:15:13.943" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T10:15:13.943" Title="&quot;Ya le he pasado a él el documento&quot; o &quot;Ya le he pasado a el él documento&quot;" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15649" CreationDate="2015-12-27T11:23:02.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Él&lt;/strong&gt; acentuado siempre es un pronombre personal mientras que &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; es un artículo determinado (tiene que acompañar a un sustantivo, &lt;strong&gt;el documento&lt;/strong&gt;), por lo tanto la opción correcta sería la a).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre que encuentres &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; con acento será la tercera personal del singular, él/ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además conviene recordar que en la frase &lt;strong&gt;Ya le he pasado a él el documento&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; es la forma atóna de tercera persona singular que hace de complemento indirecto, por lo que podríamos decir &lt;strong&gt;Ya le he pasado el documento&lt;/strong&gt; y estaríamos sabiendo que él o ella es el destinatario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7207" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T11:23:02.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15651" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15652" CreationDate="2015-12-27T17:22:51.303" Score="3" ViewCount="3439" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/uno-a-otro-el-uno-al-otro-articulo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunos gramáticos aceptan&lt;/a&gt; las dos primeras posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) Juan y María se ayudan el uno al otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) Juan y María se ayudan el uno a la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entonces también la tercera, &lt;em&gt;la una al otro&lt;/em&gt;, es aceptada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero alguien dice «se ayudan el uno a la otra»? ¿No significaría eso solamente que Juan (el uno) ayuda a María (la otra)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11164" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T19:39:33.737" Title="¿Juan y María se ayudan el uno al otro, el uno a la otra o la una al otro?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15651" CreationDate="2015-12-27T19:00:45.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;em&gt;Juan y María se ayudan el uno a la otra&lt;/em&gt; está aceptada, entonces los mismos gramáticos deberían aceptar igualmente &lt;em&gt;María y Juan se ayudan la una al otro&lt;/em&gt;, pero –y esto en opinión de una nativa, ya que no he sido capaz de encontrar referencias al respecto–, &lt;strong&gt;es preferible respetar el orden de los términos&lt;/strong&gt;. Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan y María se ayudan el uno a la otra — preferible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan y María se ayudan la una al otro — evitable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María y Juan se ayudan la una al otro — preferible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María y Juan se ayudan el uno a la otra — evitable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, debe tenerse en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;el uno al otro&lt;/em&gt; es tan común que ya se ha convertido en una frase hecha, una locución con el significado de &lt;em&gt;recíprocamente&lt;/em&gt;. Las expresiones &lt;em&gt;el uno a la otra&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;la una al otro&lt;/em&gt; pueden sonar raras a algunos hispanohablantes (aunque aquí tienen mucho que ver las diferencias regionales), por lo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE recomienda&lt;/a&gt; evitarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, si se usa la construcción &lt;em&gt;el uno a la otra/la una al otro&lt;/em&gt; se genera una cierta incongruencia. Por una parte, se interpretaría que la ayuda es mutua por el uso del &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;: el &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; en &amp;quot;se ayudan&amp;quot; es un &amp;quot;se recíproco&amp;quot;, es decir que el mero uso de tal partícula ya señala reciprocidad. Además, el verbo está en plural, con lo que deben de ser (al menos) dos los que ayudan. Pero por otra parte, expresiones como &lt;em&gt;el uno a la otra/la una al otro&lt;/em&gt; se oyen con tan poca frecuencia que pierden su carácter de frase hecha, y parecen implicar que la ayuda es unidireccional, lo cual es contradictorio con el uso del &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; y la conjugación del verbo. Todo ello es cuanto menos confuso, por lo que, nuevamente, se recomienda utilizar la expresión estándar &amp;quot;el uno al otro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T12:01:25.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15654" CreationDate="2015-12-27T21:12:35.540" Score="0" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need someone to translate the following sentence: ¿Qué te tal te van tus vacaciones? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to know how this is translated so that I can get a better understanding of how pronouns work. I need to see how it is broken down, and how it corresponds to English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11555" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T22:47:44.960" Title="Translation of a simple sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15653" CreationDate="2015-12-27T22:41:33.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[First off, let me tell you your sentence is agrammatical as it is and I can grant you any Spanish speaker would struggle in understanding what you are trying to say. The &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; between &amp;quot;Qué&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tal&amp;quot; shouldn't be there, so the right sentence would be &amp;quot;¿Qué tal te van tus vacaciones?&amp;quot;]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué tal – a fixed expression meaning &amp;quot;how&amp;quot; (¿Qué tal? = How are you? / How are you doing?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;te – to you or for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;van – go (third person plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tus – your (plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vacaciones – holidays (in Spanish, &amp;quot;holiday&amp;quot; is always plural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal te van tus vacaciones? = (lit.) How do your holidays go for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of this particular phrase is ambiguous, its interpretation depending on the context. The reason for that is that the use of &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; (for you) there is a little bit misleading. There are two options: it is either an &lt;strong&gt;ethic dative&lt;/strong&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4464/what-is-the-dativo-%C3%A9tico&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt;), and thus it wouldn't add any relevant information and would be perfectly elidible without changing the sentence's meaning; or an &lt;strong&gt;IO pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; of the verb &lt;em&gt;ir a uno&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;venir a uno&lt;/em&gt;. In the latter scenario, the verb &lt;em&gt;ir a uno&lt;/em&gt; (it sounds really awkward in its infinitive form because it's always used conjugated) is slang for &amp;quot;work (alright)&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué día te va/viene mejor? B: El sábado me va/viene bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: What day works best for you? B: Saturday's fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, the &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; would be a IO pronoun, and the sentence would go like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is your holiday working for you? or Does your holiday work for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you okay with your holiday? [as in, do you have any objections?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This could make sense if, say, your boss were scheduling the holiday days of his/her workers and asked you if the days scheduled for your holiday work for you or if you are okay with them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think the first case is the most likely here. The pronoun &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; as an ethic dative is common place in everyday speech, but should be avoided when writing or in formal contexts. If this really is an ethic dative, then you can just skip it and the sentence would go something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is your holiday going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T22:47:44.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15656" CreationDate="2015-12-27T23:04:36.543" Score="2" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the book &lt;em&gt;The Martian&lt;/em&gt; by Andy Weir, the main character states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was a ridiculous sequence of events that led to me almost dying, and an even more ridiculous sequence that led to me surviving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish translation, &lt;em&gt;El marciano&lt;/em&gt;, he states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue una ridícula secuencia de hechos &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; me llevó al borde de la muerte, y una secuencia aún más ridícula &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; propició que sobreviviera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it &quot;la que&quot; instead of &quot;que&quot;? I'm not sure I see what the difference is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Also, I'm not sure why that's &quot;sobreviviera&quot; and not &quot;sobrevivía&quot;. I understand that &quot;sobreviviera&quot; is subjunctive, but why are we using the subjunctive there?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11591" LastEditorUserId="11591" LastEditDate="2015-12-27T23:21:48.710" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T01:25:00.130" Title="&quot;La que&quot; and &quot;que&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15655" CreationDate="2015-12-28T00:28:54.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an interesting question because by adding 'la' the whole sentence structure changes. See how this sentence is parsed when 'la' is absent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(i) Fue una ridícula secuencia de hechos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me llevó al borde de la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subject: omitted 'it' (ello).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verb: fue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;DO: una ridícula secuencia de hechos que me llevó al borde de la muerte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DO is a Noun Phrase (&lt;em&gt;sintagma nominal&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish), where &amp;quot;secuencia&amp;quot; is the &lt;em&gt;núcleo&lt;/em&gt;, and &amp;quot;que me llevó al borde de la muerte&amp;quot; is a complement of that &lt;em&gt;núcleo&lt;/em&gt; (what we call in Spanish a &lt;em&gt;complemento de nombre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now see how it's parsed when 'la' is present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ii) Fue una ridícula secuencia de hechos &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; me llevó al borde de la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subject: la que me llevó al borde de la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verb: fue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;DO: una ridícula secuencia de hechos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the subject is a NP, whose original &lt;em&gt;núcleo&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;secuencia&amp;quot;) has been elided to avoid repetition. The complete NP would be &amp;quot;la [secuencia] que me llevó al borde de la muerte&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So by adding the 'la' a different part of the sentence becomes the subject. In sentence (i), the subject is omitted. That would only make sense if there was a sequence of events already mentioned before, so the reader would be able to know &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; sequence the writer is talking about. Since in the book that sentence is at the beginning of a paragraph, the reader would be really puzzled as to &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; sequence the writer is talking about –that misterious sequence that would be the omitted subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentence (ii), on the other hand, the subject is &amp;quot;la [secuencia] que me llevó al borde de la muerte&amp;quot;. Here you have a noun (&amp;quot;secuencia&amp;quot;), with a determiner (&amp;quot;la&amp;quot;) and a &lt;em&gt;complemento&lt;/em&gt; to that noun (&amp;quot;que me llevó al borde de la muerte&amp;quot;). Now &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; should be enough to identify &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; sequence the writer is talking about. With this last sentence, the reader has no concerns, he/she isn't puzzled and wondering &lt;em&gt;what the heck&lt;/em&gt; the writer is talking about (which is a good thing when reading a book).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this gets even more complex when the second part (&amp;quot;y una secuencia aún más ridícula la que propició que sobreviviera&amp;quot;) is added. This one is harder to parse since it's not even a sentence, for it lacks a verb. The complete sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(iii) Y [fue] una secuencia aún más ridícula &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; propició que sobreviviera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(iv) Y [fue] una secuencia aún más ridícula &lt;strong&gt;la que&lt;/strong&gt; propició que sobreviviera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentence (iii), the omitted subject (see parsing of sentence i) is the same as the one in the first part. But by saying &amp;quot;una ridícula secuencia&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;una secuencia aún más ridícula&amp;quot; you are saying they are &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; sequences. That is, how could something be &amp;quot;ridiculous&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;even more ridiculous&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;at the same time&lt;/em&gt;? By being more ridiculous than &lt;em&gt;itself&lt;/em&gt;? As you can see, that interpretation doesn't hold water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, by looking at sentence (iv), the subject is now &amp;quot;la [secuencia] que propició que sobreviviera&amp;quot; (see parsing of sentence ii). This subject is evidently different from the subject in the first part (&amp;quot;la secuencia que me llevó al borde de la muerte&amp;quot; vs &amp;quot;la secuencia que propició que sobreviviera&amp;quot;), so that makes it perfectly sensical that one is only &amp;quot;ridiculous&amp;quot; while the second is &amp;quot;even more ridiculous&amp;quot;. I hope you can see now why 'la' is not only &lt;em&gt;less puzzling&lt;/em&gt;, but strictly necessary there for the whole sentence to make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may seem a little bit too complex a parsing for readers to do it &amp;quot;on the go&amp;quot;, but this is what any Spanish speaker does even without noticing they are doing it (and even those who can't parse). They may not be able to tell you what's not working there, but they will surely tell there's something wrong to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concerning the subjunctive thing, that is harder to tell. All I can say is that &amp;quot;sobrevivía&amp;quot; is definitely not right. Imperfect Preterite (sobrevivía) is generally used for actions that last in time. You can't &lt;em&gt;be surviving&lt;/em&gt;, you either &lt;em&gt;survive&lt;/em&gt; or not. In any case, the question should be: why not &amp;quot;sobreviví&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;sobreviviera&amp;quot;? But &lt;em&gt;sobreviví&lt;/em&gt; doesn't work either, you must use a subjunctive. The reason for using a subjunctive is that the author says that the &amp;quot;ridiculous sequence&amp;quot; is what would allow the protagonist to survive. It looks ahead to the future while the action is in the past (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/279472/la-que-and-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T01:25:00.130" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15658" CreationDate="2015-12-28T02:49:09.950" Score="3" ViewCount="1405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that there are differences in Spanish according to where it's spoken. So when I am trying to train my listening skills with a movie, should I consider possible different versions of Spanish or movies are usually dubbed with only one accent of Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11588" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T23:28:44.533" Title="When a movie is dubbed in Spanish, there is only one version or several?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15657" CreationDate="2015-12-28T03:11:00.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most movies will have two separate dubs.  One is European Spanish, and the other is a (heavily Mexican) pan–Latin American one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A handful of cartoons have also received Rioplatense (Argentina/Uruguay) dubs, but I believe the studio that did that one stopped which is a bit of a shame — Rioplatense Spanish is awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, it creates this odd dynamic whereby the Spain dub is able to capture the nuances much better because it can focus on a single dialect and use lots of local idioms and references — but you may have difficult catching that nuance if you're not familiar with European Spanish and Spanish culture.  The Latin American dub has to be more general and can't rely upon local idioms as much because it's oriented for a large number of markets: it tends to use a good bit less slang unless they decide to make a particular character intentionally very Argentine or very Cuban, for instance.  As a result, if you're not very familiar with slang or culture, it will be much easier to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T03:11:00.573" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15651" CreationDate="2015-12-28T14:58:08.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quieres ahorrarte el problema de géneros, puedes usar &lt;em&gt;mutuamente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X e Y se ayudan &lt;em&gt;mutuamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la partícula &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; juega un rol bastante importante. Si &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; se elimina, tendremos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X e Y ayudan &lt;em&gt;mutuamente&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;esto implica que ambos proveen ayuda al mismo tiempo, pero no que sea recíproca como Yay dijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2015-12-28T19:39:33.737" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T19:39:33.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15644" CreationDate="2015-12-28T15:12:33.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the first thing I can tell you is that I've seen instructions poorly translated, most of them, literal. So yes, they make sense but not as much as a you'd like that to be.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Therefore, don't worry whether your translation is not fully perfect, as long as it's understandable, it'll reach the point for instructing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I'd put &lt;em&gt;packing checklist = lista de embalaje.&lt;/em&gt; Secondly, &lt;em&gt;manuales de licencia&lt;/em&gt; seems to be a good choice, or you can just say &lt;em&gt;licencia&lt;/em&gt;. The speakers won't have trouble getting that straight. Thirdly, on &lt;em&gt;infant patient response switch,&lt;/em&gt; I'd use &lt;em&gt;interruptor de respuesta para el infante&lt;/em&gt; (note that &lt;em&gt;infante&lt;/em&gt; stands both girl and boy) and finally on &lt;em&gt;live speech test&lt;/em&gt; I'd choose &lt;em&gt;prueba de voz en directo.&lt;/em&gt; Normally &lt;em&gt;live&lt;/em&gt;, when it comes to media stuff, it's often translated as &lt;em&gt;en directo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T15:12:33.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-28T15:33:33.517" Score="1" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whats the meaning of these Mexican expresions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te me vas !!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nadie me va a agarrar de su puerquito !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heared it in a spanish telenovela but i did not understand what they mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11594" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-28T16:21:04.647" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T16:21:04.647" Title="Whats the meaning of mexican expresions" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-04T09:34:42.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15662" CreationDate="2015-12-28T15:59:41.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not mexican but I can help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;te me vas&lt;/em&gt; it's also a way to say &lt;em&gt;lárgate&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt;. Those are &lt;em&gt;leave, get out,&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As for the second one, that's also a way for saying &lt;em&gt;nadie me va a tratar como una mascota&lt;/em&gt;, and that can mean &lt;em&gt;nobody's gonna make me his/her pet — nobody's gonna treat me like a pet.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T15:59:41.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15664" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15665" CreationDate="2015-12-28T18:47:08.423" Score="3" ViewCount="5412" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escribiéndome con un amigo cuando él dijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo creo que Juan no se irá de casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que yo respondí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo creo que tampoco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras escribir mi frase me quedé pensativo porque no me sonó bien: lo que quise decir es &quot;yo tampoco creo que Juan se vaya de casa&quot;, pero me salió decirlo usando &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z3d5Wg1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿tiene esta frase el mismo significado? ¿tiene sentido en general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T17:59:38.450" Title="¿Cómo se interpreta un &quot;yo creo que tampoco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15664" CreationDate="2015-12-28T19:18:12.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, se puede decir que la respuesta más clara y directa sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo tampoco lo creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;code&gt;también/tampoco&lt;/code&gt; en tu caso se aplica al verbo &lt;code&gt;creer&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en la respuesta que tú diste, lo que haces es acortar la frase completa, que sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo creo que Juan tampoco se irá de casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;code&gt;también/tampoco&lt;/code&gt; en este caso se aplicaría al verbo &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt;, lo que no es tan correcto. ¿Por qué?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pues eres tú quien quiere indicar que concuerda con tu interlocutor, respecto de si Juan se irá o no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es Juan quien &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; ser irá de casa, lo que hace pensar en otra persona que también se irá. De ahí que no es bueno aplicar el &lt;code&gt;también/tampoco&lt;/code&gt; al verbo ir (que en este caso está aplicado sobre Juan).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2015-12-29T18:46:40.040" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T18:46:40.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15664" CreationDate="2015-12-28T19:48:54.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Las dos frases no tienen el mismo significado. Yo nunca usaría tu respuesta &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;Yo creo que tampoco&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; porque me suena incompleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La posición de &amp;quot;tampoco&amp;quot; en la oración depende de lo que se quiere decir. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primer uso:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que Juan no se irá de la casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tampoco creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significa que la primera persona piensa que Juan no se irá de la casa y la segunda persona opina lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así lo decimos aquí en Colombia aunque una respuesta que no daría lugar a dudas debería ser &amp;quot;Yo también creo lo mismo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la frase se plantea en forma &amp;quot;negativa&amp;quot; siempre usamos &amp;quot;tampoco&amp;quot; pero si se plantea de forma &amp;quot;afirmativa&amp;quot; respondemos &amp;quot;también&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que Juan se va de la casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo también creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Segundo uso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que Juan no se ira de la casa (pero no se María).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que María tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la segunda persona no es que solo opine lo mismo que la primera sino que además opina que Maria va a hacer lo mismo que Juan y no se irá de la casa.  Si la primera frase es afirmativa, la segunda usaría &amp;quot;también&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que Juan se va de la casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que María también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T19:48:54.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15667" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15669" CreationDate="2015-12-29T16:13:27.103" Score="7" ViewCount="23376" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa con frecuencia la expresión &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot; para indicar indiferencia cuando algo no provoca mayor emoción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué te pareció esa película?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ni fu ni fa [He visto mejores pero tampoco es mala]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando un rato pero no acabo de encontrar explicación sobre el origen de la expresión, pues ni &quot;fu&quot; ni &quot;fa&quot; tienen mayor significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce alguno? ¿Se usa también en otras zonas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T13:07:31.190" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2015-12-29T18:47:18.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Dominican Republic, we differentiate between having a cold (tener catarro) and the flu (gripe). Influenza is use more in reference to a pandemic type of flu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11598" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T18:47:18.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15667" CreationDate="2015-12-29T20:18:57.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo tampoco he podido encontrar mucho. Hay quien dice que es de &quot;origen incierto&quot; y lo deja ahí (perdido para siempre). Por ejemplo en esta entrada de &quot;De pé a pá / Ni fú ni fá &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay dudas sobre su origen y aunque algunos han intentado dar explicaciones inverosímiles sustentando sus raíces en el vasco o en el hebreo, parece tratarse simplemente de una locución creada por el simple placer de la similitud o el sonsonete [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo mismo es aplicable a la frase &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot;, cuya creación debe ser más reciente y cuyo significado tanto puede ser &quot;ni una cosa ni la otra&quot;, como &quot;nada de nada&quot;, si bien pudiera interpretarse como analogía de otras locuciones, tales como &quot;Ni chicha ni limoná&quot; o &quot;Ni carne ni pescado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/1636864/El-origen-de-frases-que-siempre-usamos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Taringa: El origen de frases que siempre usamos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como dicen en este hilo del &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=34429&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Instituto Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;, parece ser que es una simple locución usada por su valor expresivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero, como lo último que quiero es aburrir al personal, diré sólo que se trata de un truco. Un truco para captar la atención; &lt;strong&gt;para que la frase gane en sonoridad&lt;/strong&gt;. Las frases &lt;code&gt;¿María? Ni me gusta ni me deja de gustar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;¿María? Ni fu ni fa&lt;/code&gt; transmiten exactamente el mismo mensaje. La única diferencia consiste en que la segunda lo hace con mucha más expresividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente: Post 133691. del mencionado &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=34429&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CVC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que estas entradas nos vienen a decir que no tiene un origen &quot;lógico&quot;, sino que es más &quot;casualidad&quot; o &quot;sonoridad&quot;. De la misma manera que uno puede decir que &lt;code&gt;Me sé la lección de la A a la Z&lt;/code&gt;, que tiene su lógica porque A y Z son la primera y última letras del alfabeto, una de las primeras y más básicas cosas que aprendemos en el colegio, también puede decir &lt;code&gt;Me sé la lección **de pe a pa**&lt;/code&gt;, que no tiene mucha lógica (Como si dijésemos, &quot;me lo sé de ka a ki/ de tu a ti&quot;), pero es más &quot;sonoro&quot; y más expresivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este documento, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paremia.org/wp-content/uploads/05-AGUILAR.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;«Neologismos fraseológicos» como palabras diacríticas&#xA;en las locuciones en español &lt;/a&gt; explica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los procesos de configuración de tus ni mus y de ni fu ni fa, si proceden del&#xA;  sonido interjectivo para llamar o espantar al perro (tus, en DRAE, DCECH) o de la consciente imitación onomatopéyica del bufido del gato (fu, en DPL) y una adición silábica (mus, con la consiguiente colisión homonímica con un referente existente en el sistema) o reduplicación de naturaleza apofónica (fa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que le atribuye también un origen &quot;fonético - onomatopéyico&quot;, no muy distinto a otras expresiones (como &lt;em&gt;de pe a pa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;asín o asá&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T14:59:34.620" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T14:59:34.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15675" CreationDate="2015-12-30T00:22:21.153" Score="4" ViewCount="770" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English I'll say things like &quot;that's cool&quot; or &quot;it would be cool to...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard the phrase &quot;qué padre&quot; but is that only for Mexico? Is there something that is more general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11583" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T13:20:01.003" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T00:07:03.207" Title="If someone does something interesting I might say that it is &quot;cool&quot;. How does this translate to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2015-12-30T02:21:29.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you pointed out, there are a lot of regional terms such as &lt;code&gt;qué padre&lt;/code&gt; in Mexico and &lt;code&gt;macanudo&lt;/code&gt; in Central America. There's more great examples on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/119815/how-do-you-say-cool-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt;. Also, here's a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4825/in-what-era-was-que-suave-used&quot;&gt;great Spanish Stack Exchange thread&lt;/a&gt; discussing &lt;code&gt;que suave&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want something universal you could use &lt;code&gt;impresionante&lt;/code&gt; in a formal situation or &lt;code&gt;¡anda!&lt;/code&gt; as more of an informal stand-alone interjection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say that I'm not a native Spanish speaker of any sort and this is just what I've been researching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9550" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T02:21:29.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2015-12-30T02:43:07.257" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if &amp;quot;Qué padre&amp;quot; is &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; used in Mexico, but I can tell you it's not used in Spain at least. The problem about translating slang words or expressions is that those are among the kind of expressions that vary the most from one country to another (along with food, I'd say). Some countries use the English term &amp;quot;cool&amp;quot;, as in &amp;quot;¡Qué cool!&amp;quot;, but other don't. In Spain people say &amp;quot;guay&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;pasada&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;chulo&amp;quot;; in Mexico they say &amp;quot;chido&amp;quot;; in Venezuela &amp;quot;chévere&amp;quot;; in Argentina &amp;quot;bárbaro&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;copado&amp;quot;, etc etc. So you will hardly find any slang term to say &amp;quot;cool&amp;quot; that conforms to all dialects of Spanish in the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A word that isn't too slang is &lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;. You can use the word &amp;quot;bien&amp;quot; to make sure &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; Spanish speaker understands what you are trying to say, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's cool = &lt;em&gt;¡Qué bien!&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;¡Qué bueno!&lt;/em&gt; in some LaA countries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be cool to... = &lt;em&gt;Estaría bien que...&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;Estaría bueno que...&lt;/em&gt; in some LaA countries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in Spain, &amp;quot;Estaría bien que...&amp;quot; isn't just &amp;quot;It would be a good thing that...&amp;quot;, because such thing would be expressed like &amp;quot;Sería bueno que...&amp;quot;. So there's a substantial difference between &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; bien&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; bueno&amp;quot;, being the former something like &amp;quot;to be cool&amp;quot;, and the latter something like &amp;quot;to be good&amp;quot;. But once again, I don't know whether the same thing goes for all Spanish speaking countries or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, in Spain &amp;quot;estaría bueno que...&amp;quot;, as opposed to &amp;quot;estaría bien que...&amp;quot;, is only used sarcastically, as in &amp;quot;¡Estaría bueno que después de tanto estudiar, suspendiese por olvidarme la calculadora en casa!&amp;quot;. Also, &amp;quot;¡Qué bueno!&amp;quot;, as opposed to &amp;quot;¡Qué bien!&amp;quot; is only used as an answer to a joke. So you can see that even the most neuter term one can think of varies from one country to another, and sometimes even within the same country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another expression is &lt;strong&gt;lo más de lo más&lt;/strong&gt;, which is way more emphathic than just &amp;quot;cool&amp;quot;, something like &amp;quot;really, really, really cool&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's [really] cool = &lt;em&gt;¡Es lo más de lo más!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be [really] cool to... = &lt;em&gt;Sería lo más de lo más que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is used in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; Spanish speaking countries or not, people will tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can also think of &lt;strong&gt;ser la bomba&lt;/strong&gt;, which I believe is the Spanish equivalent for &amp;quot;to be the bomb&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you can always go with more &amp;quot;standard&amp;quot; words like &lt;em&gt;estupendo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;genial&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fantástico&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T14:22:11.713" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15674" CreationDate="2015-12-30T11:36:28.900" Score="0" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dada una pregunta de la forma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿No quieres una bebida?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede interpretarse como &lt;em&gt;¿Es que no quieres una bebida?&lt;/em&gt; en algún caso? ¿Se interpreta solamente como &lt;em&gt;¿Quieres una bebida?&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T13:42:40.167" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T13:42:40.167" Title="&quot;No quieres&quot; como &quot;Es que no quieres&quot;" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15673" CreationDate="2015-12-30T12:35:18.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Español es muy frecuente el uso del interrogativo negativo. Se usa cuando deseas que la respuesta sea la opuesta a lo pedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso preguntar &lt;em&gt;¿es que no quieres una bebida?&lt;/em&gt; vendría a usarse cuando ya habías preguntado esto, aunque se vería mejor formulado con &lt;em&gt;es que &lt;strong&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, cuando preguntas &lt;em&gt;¿quieres una bebida?&lt;/em&gt; no necesariamente esperas que la respuesta sea lo contrario, pero al anteponer el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;, naturalmente se espera que sí y rara vez se responde con un rotundo &lt;em&gt;no.&lt;/em&gt; Compara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿No quieres una bebida?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Podría ser.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Quieres una bebida?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — No, gracias. / Quizás más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T12:35:18.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2015-12-30T13:32:28.740" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want a more universal expression here are a few suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Excelente!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Súper bien!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Increíble!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Genial!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Fantástico!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the more general expressions to say it. Expressions like &lt;code&gt;Está bueno&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Estaría bueno que...&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Chévere&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Chido&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Guay&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Se las goza&lt;/code&gt; etc... are limited to a geographical area or country so not really adapted for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with &lt;strong&gt;cool&lt;/strong&gt; is that every spanish speaking country has its own expression to say it, the generic words I told you can mean other things aswell even if the sense is inferred from context like &lt;code&gt;Increíble&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Excelente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have in mind where the people come from before using a slang term, in some countries one term can mean something completely different, this is just a general suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T08:25:20.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15664" CreationDate="2015-12-30T17:59:38.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gramaticalmente no es un error, y de hecho creo que es bastante frecuente. Yo lo consideraría poco recomendable porque implica una lógica enrevesada, pero la verdad funciona como lo haría cualquier otro adverbio oracional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración principal: Yo creo [esto].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración subordinada 1: Yo tampoco creo [esto]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración subordinada 2: Juan no se irá de casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo junto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que tampoco creo que Juan no se irá de casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí el &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; es un adverbio oracional y, como es normal, puede usarse solo, elidiendo toda la oración que determina. De hecho nadie repite la información en la oración subordinada, a menos que un profesor te lo exija explícitamente. Es una regla de la pragmática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las siguientes oraciones son equivalentes sintácticamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que sí. (Yo creo que sí es correcta la afirmación planteada por su padre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que mañana. (Yo creo que mañana voy a pasar por tu casa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que tampoco. (Yo creo que tampoco estoy de acuerdo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T17:59:38.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2015-12-30T18:28:53.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing about &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;jergas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, or colloquial expressions, is that Spanish speakers world-wide recognise them - even if they are not &lt;em&gt;their&lt;/em&gt; local lingo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, as an English speaker you know that &quot;&lt;em&gt;That's pretty choice, bro!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is an expression of approval. You might even recognise it as colloquial New Zealand English (especially if it were spoken with the appropriate accent). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is with &lt;em&gt;chéver&lt;/em&gt;e, &lt;em&gt;bacán&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;qué padre&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;qué bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;. You can use any of them. Even if it is not from their locale, Spanish-speakers will still grok you. And they find it amusing to hear someone speak a local variant of Spanish, rather than some &quot;international&quot; lowest-common denominator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So any of them are good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11605" LastEditorUserId="8819" LastEditDate="2015-12-31T21:40:15.730" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T21:40:15.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15680" CreationDate="2015-12-31T18:53:14.227" Score="0" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Michel Thomas Spanish Masterclass, it says the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estoy enfadado/enfadada  – I’m angry / annoyed&#xA;Estoy furioso / furiosa – I’m furious&#xA;Me preocupa mucho – I’m very worried (much)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does &lt;code&gt;preocupa&lt;/code&gt; use &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Estoy&lt;/code&gt;. Is it a special case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2016-01-03T23:09:52.907" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T23:09:52.907" Title="Why &quot;preocupa&quot; doesn't use &quot;estoy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15679" CreationDate="2015-12-31T19:02:14.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not a special case. It is just the way they created the example&#xA;You could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy muy preocupado/preocupada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends if the subject is the situation or you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and similarly you could change the other sentences like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me enfada mucho (esta situación) - Estoy enfadado por la situación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me enfurece (esta situación) - Estoy furioso por esta situación)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T19:02:14.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4700" CreationDate="2015-12-31T19:45:34.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess most of the times are interchangeable, but take care with set phrases like for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no tengo ni para/por-dónde empezar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no empieces a hacer el tonto&amp;quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No empieces!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these cases, using &amp;quot;comenzar&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;empezar&amp;quot; would sound sort of funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8616" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T21:33:35.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15683" CreationDate="2015-12-31T19:51:58.763" Score="0" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being in a medical device context and reading a component it says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Contact with the skin of the patient (hand)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would be the best way to translate it, and also How would you use skin here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;En contacto con la piel del paciente (mano).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Está en contacto con la piel del paciente (mano). &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T20:48:01.737" Title="What role has skin on translation for &quot;Contact with the skin of the patient&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15682" CreationDate="2015-12-31T20:48:01.737" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En contacto con la piel del paciente (mano) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En contacto con la piel de la mano del paciente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En contacto con la mano del paciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T20:48:01.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15684" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15689" CreationDate="2015-12-31T21:10:31.357" Score="1" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;Memrise.com has a lesson containing the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué le encanta hacer a tu amigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What does your friend love to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My brain is telling me that the above Spanish translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What does he love to do to your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding more to my confusion is that web-based translation engines give me the following translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you love to your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you love to do to your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What does he love doing to your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you love your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Memrise.com incorrect, or am I just not understanding how this Spanish sentence is constructed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, if the sentence does indeed translate to &quot;What does your friend love to do&quot;, then how does one say the following in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What does he love to do to your friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="10965" LastEditDate="2015-12-31T21:19:10.713" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T13:15:08.357" Title="What are proper translations of &quot;What does your friend love to do?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-01T07:41:25.897" Score="2" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an avid user of Duolingo Spanish and I recently came across this phrase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellas presentan a sus familias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I translated it as &lt;code&gt;They present to their families&lt;/code&gt; but then remembered that the article &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is sometimes used in between verbs and nouns when the verb is directed to the noun. So I figured it could also be translated as &lt;code&gt;They present their families.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though Duolingo accepted the latter translation, the comments section didn't help much with the possible ambiguity. Turning to SpanishDict's multiple translator machine, I received both translations as well as a third: &lt;code&gt;They have their family&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could the statement actually be translated both ways in English, or are there two different ways of expressing the two actions in Spanish without having to depend on context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11611" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T21:36:44.620" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T03:59:24.693" Title="Presenting people versus presenting to them" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15686" CreationDate="2016-01-01T08:25:50.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think it could.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Presentar» (introduce) goes with either DO, or both DO and IO, but not IO only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating it as «They present to their families» would leave the Spanish sentence in a cliff: «ellas presentan [a quién] a sus familias», they present &lt;em&gt;whom&lt;/em&gt; to their families?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the different ways of expressing two actions, I'm not quite sure about what does the IO-only construction mean in English, though. Do you want to say «present» as in giving a present? Then we are speaking about a different verb: «regalar [DO [a IO]]» or «hacer un regalo [a IO]».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T08:25:50.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15684" CreationDate="2016-01-01T13:06:49.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The website is correct.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The question talks about what &lt;em&gt;thing&lt;/em&gt; your friend loves to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question &lt;em&gt;What does he love to do to your friend?&lt;/em&gt; is different and translates to &lt;em&gt;¿Qué le gusta (a él) hacerle a tu amigo?&lt;/em&gt;  or ¿&lt;em&gt;Qué es lo que le gusta (a él) hacerle a tu amigo?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt; repeats object pronouns. For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; bañar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we write this as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; bañar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's not clear who or what we are addressing. By adding the second &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; alludes that I (myself) like to take a shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T13:15:08.357" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T13:15:08.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2016-01-01T17:10:13.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuila&lt;/code&gt;, in Nicaragua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that might be a regionalism only.   my wife is from Masaya.   I always forget the Mexican word, which brought me to this site&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11613" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T21:35:25.360" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T21:35:25.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15695" CreationDate="2016-01-01T19:14:14.953" Score="2" ViewCount="2964" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm editing a flashcard deck by adding sentences as examples. For &lt;code&gt;la acción&lt;/code&gt; I wanted to use the translation of &quot;Actions speak louder than words&quot;. Just for fun I looked it up on iTranslate. It gave me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Obras son amores, que no buenas razones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing that would translate as something like &lt;code&gt;Works are loves with no good reasons&lt;/code&gt;. Am I close?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking what I wanted should be something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acciones habla con más fuerte que palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would one use a literal translation such as this in Spanish or is there another phrase that means the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. If anyone is interested, the entire &quot;1001 Most Useful Spanish Words&quot; by Seymour Resnick is on quizlet.com. It only has the words and their translations. That's why I'm adding examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T22:16:41.213" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T08:56:29.770" Title="Actions Speak Louder Than Words" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15691" CreationDate="2016-01-01T20:36:34.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a roughly very similar translation to Spanish that goes &quot;Las acciones dicen mas que mil palabras.&quot; Literally: &quot;Actions say more than a thousand words.&quot; That's just the closest way of translating it to a Spanish saying. If you want a literal translation, then it would be &quot;Las acciones hablan mas duro que las palabras.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11614" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T20:36:34.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15691" CreationDate="2016-01-01T22:29:20.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I heard &quot;Obras son amores, que no buenas razones&quot; I actually heard it as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Obras son amores, que no buenas &lt;strong&gt;intenciones&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, the difference is important. What my version says is that what is important is the action, not the fact that you say you are going to do it. For example, you could say that you would love to help a friend clean their garage, or even that you will do it, but that doesn't mean much. Actually doing so is what is important. The other version uses &quot;reasons&quot;, which completely changes the sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;code&gt;Acciones habla con más fuerte que palabras&lt;/code&gt;, first, you need to use an article (and the same goes for &lt;code&gt;palabras&lt;/code&gt;). Then, the verb (&lt;code&gt;habla&lt;/code&gt;) must agree in number with the subject (&lt;code&gt;acciones&lt;/code&gt; is plural). Finally, &lt;code&gt;fuerte&lt;/code&gt; is an adjetive, and after the construct &lt;code&gt;con más&lt;/code&gt; you want a name (unlike what you'll need with just &lt;code&gt;más&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;code&gt;Fuerza&lt;/code&gt; would be the name related to &lt;code&gt;fuerte&lt;/code&gt;. I know that this one is counterintuitive if you think that in English you want to say that actions speak &lt;em&gt;louder&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;stronger&lt;/em&gt; than words. You'll say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan ha golpeado &lt;strong&gt;más fuerte&lt;/strong&gt; que Pedro,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan ha golpeado &lt;strong&gt;con más fuerza&lt;/strong&gt; que Pedro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the corrected version would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las acciones hablan con más fueza que las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-02T12:25:46.567" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T12:25:46.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15691" CreationDate="2016-01-01T23:41:19.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence you got is correct, and it means something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Actions are love, not so good reasons (= good reasons aren't love).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This saying roughly means that you prove how much you love someone by doing things (e.g., by helping them), not by just stating a couple of reasons why you would help them or giving out the reasons why you didn't (e.g., I'm really busy right now). Both interpretations are equally plausible from my point of view. There are several idioms to express the same thing as &quot;Actions speak louder than words&quot; or similar ideas. In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/general_conversation_greetings_letters/658326-actions_speak_louder_than_words.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;, Dawn39 has compiled a really nice selection of sayings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del dicho al hecho hay/va un buen trecho&lt;/em&gt;. (= From the saying to the doing there's a wide gap)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El movimiento se demuestra andando.&lt;/em&gt; (= You prove movement by walking)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El ejemplo es lo que vale/cuenta&lt;/em&gt;. (= The example is what counts)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las palabras se las lleva el viento&lt;/em&gt;. (= Words are carried away by the wind)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las acciones dicen más que las palabras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (= Actions speak more than words)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ones I hear more often are &quot;Del dicho al hecho hay/va un buen trecho&quot; (which even rhymes) and &quot;Las palabras se las lleva el viento&quot;, but that depends on the region. On the other hand &quot;Las acciones dicen más que las palabras&quot; contains the word &quot;acción&quot;, so it would be a good example of the word in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Diego thoroughly explained, the literal (albeit not idiomatic) translation for &quot;Actions speak louder than words&quot; would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las acciones hablan con más fuerza que las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;speak out loud&quot; is generally translated as &quot;hablar alto&quot;, I would also suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las acciones hablan más alto que las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T08:56:29.770" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T08:56:29.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15686" CreationDate="2016-01-02T01:37:41.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference would be that the phrase &quot;ellas presentan a sus familias&quot; is to explain that they are introducing their family to someone, but if they are introducing themselves to their families would be &quot;ellas se presentan a sus familias&quot;. You see I added &quot;se&quot; wich is an indicator for themselves and as first person (me or I=&quot;yo&quot;). (sorry if is  not clear, i'm just a native spanish speaker)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11615" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T01:37:41.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15697" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15701" CreationDate="2016-01-02T07:24:57.950" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is the exact translation to Spanish of the phrase &lt;em&gt;'round midnight&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it &lt;em&gt;por la madrugrada&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9350" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T17:49:00.417" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:48:46.707" Title="Exact translation of &quot;'round midnight&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15697" CreationDate="2016-01-02T09:26:25.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre las 12 de la madrugada. &#xA;Madrugada can be 1, 2,3,4,5 even 6 am, I understand midnight as 12&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T09:26:25.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15700" CreationDate="2016-01-02T11:10:43.700" Score="3" ViewCount="1226" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we think of the infinitive as being &quot;to&quot; + action. E.g. &quot;to eat&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;There are cases where we use a verb followed directly by the infinitive.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;E.g. &quot;quiero comer&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quiero = I want&lt;br&gt;&#xA;comer = to eat&lt;br&gt;&#xA;quiero comer = I want to eat&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;However there are also many cases where we put &quot;a&quot; before the second verb.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;E.g. &quot;voy a comer&quot; or &quot;empiezo a comer&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;empiezo = I start&lt;br&gt;&#xA;a = to&lt;br&gt;&#xA;comer = to eat&lt;br&gt;&#xA;empiezo a comer = I start (to) to eat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there rules about when to include the &quot;a&quot; when to leave it out?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T22:48:08.460" Title="When to use or not use &quot;a&quot; after a verb? E.g. &quot;voy a comer&quot; and &quot;quiero comer&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15699" CreationDate="2016-01-02T13:03:41.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;A&quot; precedes&lt;/strong&gt; the following verb most of all in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.materialesdelengua.org/LENGUA/morfologia/perifrasis/perifrasisverbales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;perífrasis verbales&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. A lot of &quot;perífrasis verbales&quot; require a preposition (a, de...) or some other conjunction (like que, in &lt;em&gt;tengo que&lt;/em&gt;). Some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empezar/comenzar/iniciar/principiar a [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;empiezo a comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir a [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;voy a comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ponerse a [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;me pongo a comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Volver a [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;vuelvo a comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llegar a [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;llego a comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, some don't. Some &quot;perífrasis verbales&quot; that don't require an &quot;a&quot; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deber [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;debo comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soler [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;suelo comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poder [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;puedo comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also certain &quot;perífrasis verbales&quot; that take the gerund form of the verb. Almost none of them require the &quot;a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;estoy comiendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seguir [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;sigo comiendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuar [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;continúo comiendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevar [verbo]: &lt;em&gt;llevo comiendo [una hora]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;A&quot; doesn't precede&lt;/strong&gt; the following verb most of all when the verb can be replaced by a pronoun (i.e., when it's a subject or a direct object):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero comer — &quot;comer&quot; is a DO, and so it can be replaced by &quot;eso&quot;: &lt;em&gt;quiero eso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta comer — &quot;comer&quot; is the subject, and so it can be replaced by &quot;eso&quot;: &lt;em&gt;me gusta eso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Merezco comer — &quot;comer&quot; is a DO, and so it can be replaced by &quot;eso&quot;: &lt;em&gt;merezco eso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conviene comer — &quot;comer&quot; is the subject, so it can be reaplaced by &quot;eso&quot;: &lt;em&gt;conviene eso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look how the replacement by &quot;eso&quot; doesn't work with the &quot;perífrasis verbales&quot; cited above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empiezo a eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me pongo a eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vuelvo a eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llego a eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suelo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puedo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sigo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continúo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo eso (wrong).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although some instances with &quot;eso/ello&quot; instead of the verb in &quot;perífrasis verbales&quot; are idiomatic (such as &quot;ponte a ello&quot;, &quot;a eso vengo&quot; or &quot;ni a eso llego&quot;), they are at least obscure from a grammatical point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bottom line&lt;/strong&gt;: if you can susbstitute the verb by &quot;eso&quot;, don't use &quot;a&quot;. If you can't, use &quot;a&quot;. If you do this, you will be right 3 out of 4 of the times. Three exceptions are &quot;soler&quot;, &quot;deber&quot; and &quot;poder&quot;, which don't require &quot;a&quot; even though you can't substitute the verb by &quot;eso&quot;. Never use &quot;a&quot; before a gerund.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T22:48:08.460" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T22:48:08.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15697" CreationDate="2016-01-02T13:56:20.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &quot;round midnight&quot; is &quot;Alrededor de la media noche&quot; o &quot;Alrededor de la medianoche&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation of &quot;la madrugada&quot; is like the famous band &lt;em&gt;Judas Priest&lt;/em&gt; used to say.......&quot;Before de dawn&quot;. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T18:42:25.820" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T18:42:25.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15703" CreationDate="2016-01-03T04:16:17.593" Score="6" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I'm a native Spanish speaker.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the apparent change of gender?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11621" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T22:43:58.617" Title="Why is it &quot;el arte moderno&quot; and &quot;las artes finas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15702" CreationDate="2016-01-03T05:38:42.957" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;arte&lt;/em&gt; can be either feminine &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; masculine in any sense, per the DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este sustantivo, que era femenino en latín, puede usarse en ambos géneros, teniendo en cuenta que, en el español actual, cuando va en singular, lo normal es usarlo en masculino […] y, cuando va en plural, lo normal es usarlo en femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason no doubt is related to the fact that &lt;em&gt;arte&lt;/em&gt; takes &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; as its singular article no matter what, so after enough uses of &lt;em&gt;el arte&lt;sub&gt;(fem.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; contrasted with &lt;em&gt;las artes&lt;sub&gt;(fem.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, some people started reinterpreting the singular as &lt;em&gt;el arte&lt;sub&gt;(masc.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.   Words that  began with /a/ underwent some interesting changes especially during the period in which the rules for when you use &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; were in flux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a period of confusion, &lt;em&gt;arte&lt;/em&gt; settled with the sort of uncountable-ish use in masculine, and when used in a more skill-based sense, being feminine.  Because the former is used normally in singular and the latter more often in feminine, the association of masculine-in-singular and feminine-in-plural came about, but it's not strict or universal: &lt;em&gt;el arte posmoderno es interesante mientras los artes vanguardista y moderno me aburren&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;poder escribir poesía es un(a) arte literaria&lt;/em&gt;.  So basically, the confusion continues today, permitting use in either gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T05:38:42.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15679" CreationDate="2016-01-03T18:21:39.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add some more grammar to DGaleano's answer,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your first example, the word &quot;enfadado (angered)&quot; is the past participle of &quot;enfadar (to anger)&quot;. The past participle can be used to turn a verb into an adjective. In English, we usually add an &quot;ed&quot; to the end to form this verb form. In Spanish, they add either an &quot;ado&quot;, or an &quot;ido&quot; (with a few irregular forms). Past participle adjectives take either &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; according to the usage of those verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example, there is no verb. Furioso (as with other ~oso words) is simply an adjective meaning furious. If you wanted to use a verb like in the third example, you could say &quot;Me pone furioso/a&quot;, where &quot;pone&quot; is from the verb &quot;poner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the third example, the verb in question is &quot;preocupar (to worry)&quot;. You could say &quot;estoy preocupado/a&quot;, meaning literally &quot;I am worried&quot;. However, the example instead used the verb by saying &quot;Me preocupa mucho&quot;, which literally means &quot;[It] worries me a lot&quot;. The word &quot;me&quot; is the pronoun indicating the indirect object of the verb, or who is angered rather than what/who is doing the angering. This is the same thing that is happening when you say &quot;Me gusta ([It] pleases me)&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2016-01-03T18:26:57.717" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T18:26:57.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15702" CreationDate="2016-01-03T19:13:53.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las palabras agua, águila, arte, hacha, entre otras, son femeninas y por eso se dice las aguas, las águilas, las artes y las hachas pero estas palabras tienen además la particularidad de comenzar con &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; tónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para evitar la cacofonía de la doble a tónica en el singular se usa &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; así: el agua, el águila, el arte y el hacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por razones de fonética histórica, este tipo de palabras seleccionan en singular la forma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; del artículo, en lugar de la forma femenina normal &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;. Esta regla solo opera cuando el artículo antecede inmediatamente al sustantivo, de ahí que digamos el agua, el área, el hacha; pero si entre el artículo y el sustantivo se interpone otra palabra, la regla queda sin efecto, de ahí que digamos la misma agua, la extensa área, la afilada hacha. - See more at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-agua-esta-agua-mucha-agua#sthash.p5aFUB75.dpuf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-agua-esta-agua-mucha-agua#sthash.p5aFUB75.dpuf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual forma aplica para los artículos indefinidos &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; y  &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un águila&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unas águilas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También la RAE dice lo siguiente específicamente sobre la palabra &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, con el sentido preciso de ‘conjunto de normas y principios para hacer bien algo’, es normalmente femenino, incluso en singular, y así se habla de &lt;em&gt;arte amatoria, arte cisoria, arte métrica o arte poética&lt;/em&gt;. En el español actual, si se usa en femenino singular, debe llevar la forma el del artículo, por ser palabra que comienza por /a/ tónica (→ el, 2.1): &lt;em&gt;el arte poética&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;la arte poética&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=arte&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/?key=arte&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que dice &amp;quot;es normalmente femenino&amp;quot; porque en su twitter aclaran&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/341352406547828736&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/341352406547828736&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CBXh2.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CBXh2.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T19:44:02.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15707" CreationDate="2016-01-03T19:39:46.047" Score="2" ViewCount="1937" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he vivido en El Salvador por unos años y frecuentemente he escuchado la expresión &lt;em&gt;hacer(le) caso&lt;/em&gt;. No estoy seguro si es una expresión local o si otros lugares la usan también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije al niño que obedeciera, pero nunca me hizo caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hijo no me hace caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que significa algo como cuando alguien no hace lo que quiero, pero quisiera una explicación completa de esta expresión y como usarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T08:28:28.677" Title="Traducción de &quot;hacer(le) caso&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15706" CreationDate="2016-01-04T01:28:49.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;hacer caso a alguien&quot; tiene dos definiciónes principales según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7pG16he&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Prestarle la atención que merece&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Obedecer, ser dócil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase se traduce al inglés como &quot;to pay attention&quot; o a veces como &quot;to listen to&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T01:28:49.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15708" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15709" CreationDate="2016-01-04T19:01:35.450" Score="1" ViewCount="12949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi diccionario de español da los siguientes términos como sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la nevera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el refrigerador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el frigorífico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estos términos es el más común en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T19:20:58.077" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T22:35:08.547" Title="¿Cúal de los siguientes términos para la nevera es el más común?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15708" CreationDate="2016-01-04T22:28:59.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, una &lt;strong&gt;nevera&lt;/strong&gt; puede ser tanto la parte que mantiene los productos fríos sin congelarlos como el conjunto entero. Un &lt;strong&gt;congelador&lt;/strong&gt; es la parte que, como su nombre lo indica, congela. Un &lt;strong&gt;frigorífico&lt;/strong&gt; puede significar tanto la parte que congela, la parte que sólo mantiene los productos fríos o el conjunto entero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Popularmente, se usa &lt;em&gt;nevera&lt;/em&gt; para la parte que enfría sin congelar y &lt;em&gt;congelador&lt;/em&gt; para la parte que congela. Técnicamente, se suele usar &lt;em&gt;frigorífico&lt;/em&gt; para la parte que enfría sin congelar y &lt;em&gt;congelador&lt;/em&gt; para la parte que congela. Como muestra, transcribo la etiqueta de un paquete de guisantes de mi casa comprado en el Mercadona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CONSERVACIÓN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frigorífico (+7°) — 1 día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Congelador o cajón para hielo (-6°) — 1 semana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Congelador o cajón ultracongelador (-18°) — consumir preferentemente antes de: ver envase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, en los centros comerciales que venden electrodomésticos, a la sección de neveras la llaman &amp;quot;sección de frigoríficos&amp;quot;. No es que vendan sólo frigoríficos (sin congeladores), sino que como el frigorífico es la parte más grande de una nevera, se llama así al conjunto entero por metonimia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Refrigerador&lt;/strong&gt; no es tan común en España (o al menos en el centro) como lo es congelador, aunque tampoco es raro oírlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, la palabra más común es &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nevera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T22:35:08.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15711" CreationDate="2016-01-05T02:37:33.093" Score="0" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any Argentineans (or thoughts from anyone really) that might have some historical insight into the life and times of Eva Peron that would help with the translation of these lyrics from &quot;No llores por mi Argentina&quot; the Spanish translation of &quot;Don't cry for me Argentina&quot;. The full lyrics can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1077751&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit stuck on exactly what is being said in these two lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jamás podréis ambicionar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mentiras dijeron de mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation doesnt seem to work ie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can never aspire to&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The lies they told about me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am guessing the Lyricist's intent was more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You will never be able to understand the depth of the lies they told&#xA;  about me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1645" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:54:09.943" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T15:54:09.943" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Jamás podréis ambicionar / Mentiras dijeron de mí&quot; in the song from &quot;No llores por mi Argentina&quot;?" Tags="&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15710" CreationDate="2016-01-05T05:15:42.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just a bad transcription. The correct one is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jamás poderes ambicioné&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mentiras dijeron de mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never had any ambition of power&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lies were told about me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T05:15:42.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15697" CreationDate="2016-01-05T12:48:46.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with &lt;code&gt;por la medianoche&lt;/code&gt; to keep with the contracted nature of &lt;em&gt;'round midnight&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Madrugada&lt;/code&gt; is typically understood as the &lt;em&gt;wee hours of the morning&lt;/em&gt;, but wouldn't generally include midnight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Exact&lt;/em&gt; translation is an oxymoron)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8462" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:48:46.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15714" CreationDate="2016-01-05T19:56:38.387" Score="1" ViewCount="757" Body="&lt;p&gt;This came up in my Spanish I class. My understanding is that &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; is used for descriptions of permanent characteristics, while &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is used for temporary conditions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For people, location is the latter, but cities obviously don't move. Nonetheless, my Spanish teacher told me that estar is used, not ser, in this particular case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I felt the need to get a second opinion on this, and, furthermore, to get an explanation of why &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is used in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11640" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T08:59:00.577" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:59:00.577" Title="&quot;San Diego 'es' en California&quot;, or &quot;San Diego 'está' en California&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-04T09:03:22.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15713" CreationDate="2016-01-05T20:54:31.763" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar&lt;/em&gt; is always used for location, as it's not an inherent characteristic of physical things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't think of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; as for permanent things rather for inherent, intrinsic, or essential qualities.  Likewise, don't think of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; as for temporary things, but for accidental, extrinsic, or state-based qualities.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this: I'm the same person no matter where I'm located.  The tree outside my house is the same tree, even if I uproot it and move it elsewhere.  My house, even, could be moved elsewhere, and it'd be the same.  Thus we can see that location is not very intrinsic.  Even though a city may not ever actually be uprooted and moved elsewhere, the logic still applies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T20:54:31.763" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15713" CreationDate="2016-01-06T04:11:34.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it has to do with the implicit stuff. The 'es' implies things such as adjectives or properties of the object or event that don't need to be clarified (&lt;em&gt;The world cup is in Russia&lt;/em&gt;), while the 'está' refers to the place where the object is situated or can be found. You could think about it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;San Diego es (una ciudad situada) en California.&lt;/strong&gt; This is more like &lt;em&gt;'San Diego exists in'&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;or &lt;strong&gt;La Copa Mundial es (un famoso torneo de futbol) en Rusia&lt;/strong&gt; '&lt;em&gt;The worldcup is an event taking place in'&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;while&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;San Diego está (situada) en California.&lt;/strong&gt; this implies &lt;em&gt;'San Diego is part of/within' or 'can be found in'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11644" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T04:11:34.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15748" CreationDate="2016-01-06T11:34:09.137" Score="1" ViewCount="1762" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día recordé una conversación de hace tiempo en el que una señora mayor (española) comentaba que actualmente la genten dice cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gírate&lt;/strong&gt; para que te vea la espalda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando, según ella, lo correcto sería decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Date la vuelta&lt;/strong&gt; para que te vea la espalda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que es incorrecto usar &quot;girarse&quot; para indicar el acto de &quot;darse la vuelta&quot;, hacer un giro sobre el propio eje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando las definiciones en la RAE pero no encuentro referencias al respecto. ¿A alguien le consta algo al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T17:55:00.900" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;girarse&quot; para referirse a &quot;darse la vuelta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16669" CreationDate="2016-01-06T16:20:10.660" Score="2" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve leyendo en un libro algunos ejemplos sobre esta estructura y al principio había pensado en una sola traducción, pero después me di cuenta que podía usar otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;She &lt;strong&gt;lets&lt;/strong&gt; her children &lt;strong&gt;stay&lt;/strong&gt; up very late.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis opciones son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella deja que sus niños se &lt;strong&gt;queden&lt;/strong&gt; hasta muy tarde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ella deja a sus niños &lt;strong&gt;quedarse&lt;/strong&gt; hasta muy tarde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera usa el subjuntivo, la segunda el infinitivo, pero creo que la segunda es la forma correcta, ¿o son ambas correctas con significados distintos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T18:11:05.290" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T19:07:51.033" Title="Traducción para la estructura objeto + forma base" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2016-01-06T16:21:57.693" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo habría dicho simplemente propaganda, que es el término general para la publicidad y que no genera ningún tipo de malinterpretación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11646" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T20:23:03.637" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T20:23:03.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15738" CreationDate="2016-01-07T00:16:12.223" Score="3" ViewCount="418" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No dejaron entrar a los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...no consigo ver cuál es la función de entrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio creía que se trataba de una perífrasis verbal (dejar entrar). Sin embargo, &quot;dejar + infinitivo&quot; no aparece en ninguna lista de perífrasis verbales que haya consultado. Lo que es más, en dos PDFs (&lt;a href=&quot;https://ciervalengua.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/perifrasis-verbales.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iesseneca.net/iesseneca/IMG/pdf/Perifrasis_verbales-_clasificacion_y_ejercicios_con_autocorreccion-2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;), la frase aparece explícitamente como un ejemplo de lo que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es una perífrasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos PDFs, se explica que &quot;a los niños&quot; es el CD (&quot;No &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; dejaron entrar&quot;), pero ninguno especifica la función de &quot;entrar&quot;. Evidentemente no es un CI. Podría ser otro CD, pero, por una parte, no es sustituible por lo, la, los, las (*No lo dejaron a los niños) ni convertible en sujeto en una pasiva (**Entrar no fue dejado a los niños); y por otra, yo al menos jamás he visto ninguna frase con &lt;em&gt;dos&lt;/em&gt; complementos directos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Así que, ¿qué es entrar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paralelamente, esta pregunta me ha hecho preguntarme si es siquiera posible que una frase tenga más de un complemento directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe alguna frase que pueda tener dos o más complementos directos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T16:00:35.307" Title="Función de &quot;entrar&quot; en &quot;No dejaron entrar a los niños&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15728" CreationDate="2016-01-07T01:24:14.943" Score="1" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if someone was treating me badly, I might say &amp;quot;he is being mean to me,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;he is being an as*****.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried translating it to Spanish in multiple ways;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él está siendo un cabrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él está actuando como un cabrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither of these sound right to me, and no matter how hard I try, I can't seem to come up with something much better without saying something with too different a meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar sentences might be: &amp;quot;He was being really nice to me,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;You're not being nice to me.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how should this kind of thing be said in Spanish? Is there a better way or are those translations okay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9096" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T15:04:26.840" Title="Present progressive of ser or estar" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15722" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-07T06:04:31.910" Score="1" ViewCount="2490" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot;Is that it?&quot; in Spanish? Is &quot;¿Es que él?&quot; right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how do you say &quot;Come here&quot; to two people in the informal tense? I only know of ustedes, but that's formal tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11653" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T11:45:06.613" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T06:03:27.253" Title="How to say &quot;is that it?&quot; and &quot;come here&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-26T06:06:13.430" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15733" CreationDate="2016-01-07T06:57:04.600" Score="2" ViewCount="782" Body="&lt;p&gt;In colloquial English, the verb &quot;like&quot; is often paired with the past forms of be, &quot;was&quot; or &quot;were&quot;, to describe mainly words said or actions done in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When we drove past, she &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;was like&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;Did you guys see that?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;were like&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;No, what was it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When we drove past, she &lt;strong&gt;said/asked&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;Did you guys see that?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They &lt;strong&gt;said/replied&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;No, what was it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any colloquial equivalent in Spanish (other than conjugations of &lt;code&gt;decir&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pedir&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;preguntar&lt;/code&gt;, responder, etc.)? I understand that preterite forms of &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; could simply describe actions in the past, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11611" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T13:19:44.290" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T13:19:44.290" Title="Is there Spanish verb equivalent of the phrase &quot;was like&quot; in place of &quot;said&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15723" CreationDate="2016-01-07T08:13:50.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In peninsular it's not uncommon to hear «en plan», but it's very informal (even slang-ish) and regarded as a lack of vocabulary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasábamos con el coche y ella en plan «¿Habéis visto eso?». Y ellos en&#xA;  plan «No, ¿qué era?».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T08:13:50.367" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15723" CreationDate="2016-01-07T08:16:32.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the first example &quot;Did you guys see that?&quot; can mean that those were the words she spoke or that were her thinking. The second is the real meaning, and the first is very informal but have became popular and it is more accepted everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im spanish you can say Cuando el coche pasó ella estaba como &quot;¿Habéis visto eso chavales?&quot; &#xA;However it has only the second meaning or an interpretation somebody could do seeing the expression in her face. For the first I cant find any expression besides &quot;decir&quot;, &quot;preguntar&quot; etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T08:16:32.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15722" CreationDate="2016-01-07T08:20:34.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;He aquí algunos ejemplos traducidos de la expresión &lt;strong&gt;Is that it?&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Eso es? / ¿es eso? / ¿eso es todo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos para la expresión &lt;strong&gt;Come here&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(to one person/informal) = &lt;em&gt;Ven aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(to one person/formal) = &lt;em&gt;Venga aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(to two people/informal) = &lt;em&gt;Venid aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(to two people/formal) = &lt;em&gt;Vengan aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T22:32:20.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15720" CreationDate="2016-01-07T09:29:20.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree none of them sound too natural in Spanish. I would use &lt;strong&gt;estarse comportando como&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te estás comportando como un imbécil/gilipollas/cabrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although that would translate as &quot;you're being an asshole&quot;, so it this dones't convey the part of &quot;to me&quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're being such a kid right now = Te estás comportando como un crío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation of &quot;mean&quot; depends on the region. In Spain we would say &quot;borde&quot;, but I don't think non-Spaniards would understand that. Maybe &quot;maleducado&quot; or &quot;descortés&quot; are more neutral, but they mean something closer to &quot;impolite&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &quot;estarse comportando como&quot; only works with nouns (&quot;Te estás comportando como un maleducado&quot; sounds a little bit stilted). With adjectives, I'd just go with &lt;strong&gt;estás siendo&lt;/strong&gt; [adjetivo] &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're being mean to the guests = Estás siendo maleducado con los huéspedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T09:35:54.663" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T09:35:54.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15723" CreationDate="2016-01-07T12:14:37.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to an expression seen in their faces, you can use &lt;em&gt;quedar.&lt;/em&gt; For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(se) &lt;strong&gt;quedó&lt;/strong&gt; como...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (se) &lt;strong&gt;quedaron&lt;/strong&gt; como...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the way to express something once you've been stunned by an action. (Note that we're not using &lt;em&gt;quedar = stay&lt;/em&gt; in this context.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T12:14:37.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15720" CreationDate="2016-01-07T13:26:00.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He is being mean to me:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El esta siendo grosero conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El esta siendo malo conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El me esta tratando mal (a mi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El me esta maltratando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;He is being an ass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El es un grosero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El es un hijo de puta (This is a very strong/rude insult. This will get you into deep sh**)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El es un imbécil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un completo idiota&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these do not translate exactly the words but carry the same &amp;quot;angry&amp;quot; meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW...The title of this question......Really?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:26:00.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-07T16:44:24.513" Score="1" ViewCount="662" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I have is &lt;strong&gt;Amoroso tú es rojo&lt;/strong&gt;, but when I type this into Google Translate it isn't what I expect and I've learnt to not really trust it. So, is my translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11660" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T18:47:46.453" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T18:47:46.453" Title="How do I say Taylor Swift's &quot;Loving you is red&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15731" CreationDate="2016-01-07T17:54:12.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English there is a tendency to associate feelings with colors that does not exist in Spanish. Feeling blue is &amp;quot;sentirse triste&amp;quot; but in no way is &amp;quot;sentirse azul&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English blue is sad, green is hope, red is love or happiness but this has no meaning at all in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To illustrate here is the second part of the song you mention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Losing him was blue like I'd never known&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Missing him was dark grey all alone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forgetting him was like trying to know somebody you never met&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But loving him was red&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loving him was red&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I guess the way to say &amp;quot;Loving you is red&amp;quot; in Spanish is something like &amp;quot;Amarte me hace muy feliz&amp;quot; but you can find a thousand better ways to say it than using colors. XD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good song BTW&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T17:54:12.340" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15723" CreationDate="2016-01-07T20:46:31.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In colloquial Puerto Rican Spanish, there are some forms that seem to adhere very closely to the above-mentioned model: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“She was like, ‘Who the heck are you?’”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella se puso con “¿Quién carajo eres tú?&lt;/strong&gt;”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Suddenly, he is like, ‘Leave me alone!!’”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;De repente, él sale con “¡¡Déjame quieto!!&lt;/strong&gt;”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T20:46:31.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15735" CreationDate="2016-01-08T00:19:30.417" Score="4" ViewCount="3979" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep seeing the phrase &quot;pa k kieres saber eso jaja saludos&quot; on Twitter, and I know it's definitely slang/a meme but I can't figure out what it means. I'd appreciate any help, ¡gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.buzzfeed.com/javieraceves/este-es-el-nuevo-meme-que-esta-desquiciando-al-internet#.vy5Kbpm7VR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; are some examples of it being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11061" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T13:24:17.340" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T13:24:17.340" Title="What does &quot;pa k kieres saber eso jaja saludos&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15734" CreationDate="2016-01-08T00:32:13.207" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Written with normal spelling, it reads as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Para qué quieres saber eso?  Jaja.  Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whither dost thou want to know that?  Ha.  Farewell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, that's a bit formal.  It's more like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y u wanna know? Lol kbai&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T11:37:47.880" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T11:37:47.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2016-01-08T02:56:12.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tuanis lo usamos en Costa Rica, y tengo la teoría de que proviene del inglés de la frase &quot;too nice&quot; que ésta se pronuncia &quot;tú nais&quot; por ende al escucharla se interpretó &quot;tuanis&quot;&#xA;Esta frase la usamos para calificar algo bueno, como un sinónimo de bonito, bello, lindo etc.&#xA;Se dice que cuando una palabra que en este caso es un regionalismo, se usa y se unifica en una sola voz, la lengua española debe integrarla al diccionario como una palabra válida y real!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11662" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T02:56:12.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15719" CreationDate="2016-01-09T16:00:35.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo principal &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es aquí sinónimo de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;permitir&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Y este funciona como un &quot;&lt;strong&gt;verbo de influencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso se comprueba en la sustitución del verbo subordinado en infinitivo (&quot;&lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) por &lt;em&gt;&quot;que&quot;+subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; : &quot;&lt;em&gt;No dejaron (a los niños) que entraran&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento (&quot;los niños&quot;) funciona como objeto indirecto, pero suele sustituirse por el pronombre correspondiente al objeto directo (&quot;los&quot; en lugar de &quot;les&quot;) en algunos casos. Aquí, ambas formas &quot;No les dejaron entrar&quot; o &quot;No los dejaron entrar&quot; suenan correctas, con leve preferencia por la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los llamados «verbos de influencia» —los que expresan acciones que&#xA;  tienen como objetivo influir en una persona para que realice una&#xA;  determinada acción, como &lt;em&gt;autorizar, ordenar, invitar (‘animar’)&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;permitir, exhortar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.—, forman parte de la siguiente estructura:&#xA;  «&lt;strong&gt;verbo de influencia + complemento de persona + verbo subordinado, en&#xA;  infinitivo o precedido de que, o un nombre de acción&lt;/strong&gt;»: &lt;em&gt;Le ordené&#xA;  ejecutar la sentencia / Le ordené que ejecutara la sentencia / Le&#xA;  ordené la ejecución de la sentencia&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El complemento de persona es&#xA;  indirecto con los verbos permitir, prohibir, proponer, impedir, mandar&#xA;  y ordenar: «Esa experiencia le permitió vivir a su manera» (Alberto&#xA;  Eternidad [Cuba 1992]); «Le prohibió salir de la capital hasta nueva&#xA;  orden» (Tribuna [Hond.] 18.6.97); «Le propuso hacer un viaje a la&#xA;  costa» (Landero Juegos [Esp. 1989]); «La penumbra le impide ver con&#xA;  claridad» (Schmidhuber Ventana [Méx. 1985]); «Quién le manda soltar&#xA;  pendejadas» (Medina Cosas [Méx. 1990]); «La Policía les ordenó que no&#xA;  lo hicieran» (Clarín [Arg.] 18.4.97). Por el contrario, el complemento&#xA;  de persona es directo con los verbos de influencia que llevan, además,&#xA;  un complemento de régimen, esto es, un complemento precedido de&#xA;  preposición, como obligar a, invitar a, convencer de, incitar a,&#xA;  animar a, forzar a, autorizar a, etc.: «Una barrera los obligó a&#xA;  desviarse» (Fuentes Cristóbal [Méx. 1987]); «La convenció de que&#xA;  vendiera un anillo de brillantes» (Allende Casa [Chile 1982]); «Ella&#xA;  lo incitó a seguirla» (Martini Fantasma [Arg. 1986]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los verbos &lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;, cuando tienen sentido causativo, esto es,&#xA;  cuando significan, respectivamente, ‘&lt;em&gt;obligar&lt;/em&gt;’ y ‘&lt;em&gt;permitir&lt;/em&gt;’, siguen la&#xA;  misma estructura que los verbos de influencia: «&lt;em&gt;verbo causativo +&#xA;  complemento de persona + verbo subordinado&lt;/em&gt;». Tanto &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;tienden a construirse con complemento directo si el verbo subordinado&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;es intransitivo&lt;/strong&gt;: «Él la hizo bajar a su estudio y le mostró el cuadro»&#xA;  (Aguilera Caricia [Méx. 1983]); «Lo dejé hablar» (Azuela Tamaño [Méx.&#xA;  1973]); y tienden a construirse con complemento indirecto cuando el&#xA;  segundo verbo es transitivo: «Alguien lo ayudó a incorporarse, lo&#xA;  estimuló y hasta le hizo tomar café» (JmnzEmán Tramas [Ven. 1991]);&#xA;  «El alcaide de la cárcel le dejaba tocar el banjo todas las mañanas»&#xA;  (Cela Cristo [Esp. 1988]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T16:00:35.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15734" CreationDate="2016-01-09T19:38:11.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Why do u want to know it? haha regards&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was a meme born by Yahoo Answers, this user asked for a question of philosophy: &lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/9o1pp9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://prntscr.com/9o1pp9&lt;/a&gt; (about books)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and other user answered : &lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/9o1q4n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://prntscr.com/9o1q4n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11673" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T06:53:06.330" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T06:53:06.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2016-01-09T19:42:27.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;that's cool&quot; -&gt; &quot;Qué guay&quot; or &quot;eso mola&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;it would be cool to...&quot; -&gt; &quot;estaría guay si...&quot;, &quot;sería guay si...&quot; or &quot;estaría bien si...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish from Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11673" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T19:42:27.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15717" CreationDate="2016-01-10T13:27:11.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera está correcta y es la forma más usada estructuralmente. La segunda, aunque correcta también, a un nativo le 'suena' un poco raro, en mi opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11658" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T13:27:11.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15742" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15743" CreationDate="2016-01-10T19:55:46.727" Score="1" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across the following in my Spanish notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te gusta(n)?  What do you like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the usage of &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te gusta?&lt;/em&gt;, but when would I use &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te gustan?&lt;/em&gt; A plural form of what do you like does not make sense to me. When would I use &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te gustan?&lt;/em&gt; Thanks for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11675" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T21:15:33.777" Title="When would I use &quot;¿Qué te gustan?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15742" CreationDate="2016-01-10T21:15:33.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't use that sentence just like that. &quot;¿Qué te gustan?&quot; sounds wrong. &#xA;If you are going to use the plural you should add a subject in plural like i.e.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué carros te gustan? = Which cars do you like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you could also use &lt;code&gt;Cuáles&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles carros te gustan? = What cars do you like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are having a conversation about cars you could just say &lt;code&gt;¿Cuáles te gustan?&lt;/code&gt; and since you already know that you are talking about cars the other person will understand the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T21:15:33.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15751" CreationDate="2016-01-10T23:55:00.993" Score="0" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been taught that unlike in English, the -b and the -v are pronounced the same way in Spanish. They both sound like the -b in bat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;violeta, bola, vino, votar, botar&quot; all start with the -b consonant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then I heard people pronouncing grapes as &quot;u-vas&quot; instead of &quot;u-bas.&quot; Is this an exception to the rule?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8355" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T21:47:07.357" Title="Why is the pronunciation of the v in the grapes &quot;las uvas&quot; different?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-01-12T12:11:00.523" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15716" CreationDate="2016-01-11T16:45:16.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE define &quot;girar&quot; como &quot;dar vuelta (sobre un eje)&quot; por lo tanto &quot;Date la vuelta&quot; es sinónimo de &quot;Gírate&quot;. Tanto la definición como el sinónimo están escritos usando exactamente los mismos verbos en la definición #4 este enlace de la RAE. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=S5158pHzGDXX2lwRVqXv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?id=S5158pHzGDXX2lwRVqXv&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De los comentarios podemos además decir que en Chile y Colombia usan &lt;code&gt;date vuelta&lt;/code&gt; sin el artículo &quot;la&quot;, aunque en Colombia es más frecuente &lt;code&gt;voltéate&lt;/code&gt;. Gírate también se escucha frecuentemente en España en la región de Aragón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que podemos concluir que es perfectamente correcto usar la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gírate&lt;/strong&gt; para que te vea la espalda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T16:45:16.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15749" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-11T16:49:40.083" Score="4" ViewCount="987" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me dicen que &quot;nadie pela la plata a los dientes&quot; es una expresión mexicana pero no sé que significa. ¿Me podrían por favor explicar su significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11685" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-01-14T12:51:45.737" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T21:07:01.003" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;nadie pela la plata a los dientes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15716" CreationDate="2016-01-11T17:55:00.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que existan expresiones como &quot;la situación tomó un giro de 180 grados&quot; implica que un giro no tiene por qué ser una revolución completa, al contrario de lo que esta señora quería dar a entender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2594" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T17:55:00.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15744" CreationDate="2016-01-11T18:02:12.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The graphemes b and v correspond to one phoneme with two different allophones. If b/v appears in between two vowels (as in &quot;uva&quot;) or preceded by a vowel and followed by a liquid (as in &quot;hablar&quot; or &quot;abrir&quot;), it is pronounced as bilabial fricative/approximant (you close your lips almost completely, so only a bit of air can escape; compare to English v, a labiodental, where the partial closure is done with the lower lip and the upper teeth); elsewhere, it is an occlusive, where the lips block air passage completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2594" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T18:02:12.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15744" CreationDate="2016-01-11T21:47:07.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally the b and v sounds are equal in spanish. Maybe in some latin-american countries (Venezuela, maybe?) they are pronounced slightly differently, like in English, but you can pronounce them exactly the same with a /b/ sound. Actually, pronouncing them differently would sound strange in most (or all) spanish-speaking countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T21:47:07.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-11T23:37:38.387" Score="0" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;In something I once read a character was imprisoned in a place called a 'Cavidad Oscuro'- does this phrase have any actual meaning in Spanish or is it something the writer made up on the spot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T05:51:04.380" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T05:51:04.380" Title="Is &quot;Cavidad Oscuro&quot; actual Spanish, and if so, what does it mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15753" CreationDate="2016-01-12T01:00:40.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cavidad oscuro&quot; is most definitely not Spanish. &quot;Cavidad&quot; is a femenine noun in Spanish, and so in order to keep a gender agreement it should be &quot;cavidad oscur&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which literally translates to &quot;dark cavity&quot; or &quot;dark hole&quot;. That  would make sense if referring to a cellar/dungeon/cell/etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?val=cavidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cavidad&lt;/a&gt; (lat. cavitas): espacio hueco dentro de un cuerpo cualquiera. (=hollow space inside any body)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=NrJEhf4ghDXX2Sgpcy1d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oscuro/a&lt;/a&gt; (lat. obscurus): que carece de luz o claridad (=lacking light or clarity)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, maybe Oscuro is the name of something (which would explain why it is capitalized). In that case, it would be okay to say &quot;Cavidad Oscuro&quot;. In Billy and Mandy, that Reaper guy was called Muerte, and if he had had a dungeon I guess he could have called it &quot;Cavidad Muerte&quot;, so you can see you can just add a name to a noun to make a compound noun. Without farther context, that's all I can say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:27:41.630" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T01:00:40.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15753" CreationDate="2016-01-12T03:36:17.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's incorrect Spanish, as it does not respect the gender concordance (&quot;cavidad&quot; is feminine, hence it should be &quot;cavidad oscura&quot; = &quot;dark cavity&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see, googling, that &quot;cavidad oscuro&quot; is related with &quot;Pena duro&quot; (it should be &quot;Peña dura&quot;), another fictional place with incorrect Spanish. As it says &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.writeups.org/fiche.php?id=1316#sthash.255za0JR.dpuf&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A former monastery, the &lt;strong&gt;Peña Duro&lt;/strong&gt; (“&lt;em&gt;Hard stone&lt;/em&gt;” - &lt;strong&gt;presumably Santa&#xA;  Priscan  Spanish is different than mainstream Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;)... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T03:36:17.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15757" CreationDate="2016-01-12T04:54:47.910" Score="2" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;A magazine I was reading today had this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escriba las respuestas debajo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which I take to mean, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Write the answers below.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also had this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escriba el nombre del escritor o escritores de los libros biblicos que aparecen abajo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which I take to mean, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Write the name of the writer or writers of the Bible books that appear below.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in one case (if my translations are correct), the word &quot;below&quot; is written &quot;debajo&quot; and in the other case the same word is written &quot;abajo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T11:33:23.160" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T11:33:23.160" Title="Why is &quot;debajo&quot; used in one place, and &quot;abajo&quot; in another?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15756" CreationDate="2016-01-12T07:05:49.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Indicando estado o situación, abajo puede referirse a cualquier lugar situado en el plano inferior: &lt;em&gt;Mis padres duermen abajo&lt;/em&gt; (‘en un lugar indeterminado de la planta inferior’); mientras que debajo alude al lugar del plano inferior inmediatamente en contacto con el superior, o situado en la misma vertical: &lt;em&gt;Mis padres duermen debajo&lt;/em&gt; (‘en el lugar de la planta inferior situado en la misma vertical del punto desde el que se habla’). Esto explica que debajo lleve siempre, implícito o explícito, un complemento con de que expresa el lugar de referencia: &lt;em&gt;Mis padres duermen debajo de mi habitación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would say the opposition &quot;debajo/abajo&quot; is getting neutralized and people tend to use them indistinctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T07:05:49.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15756" CreationDate="2016-01-12T11:04:58.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &quot;abajo&quot; y &quot;debajo&quot; have the same meaning but if you want to specify the situation such as &quot;El niño está debajo de la cama&quot; which translates to &quot;The boy is under the bed&quot;, in this case you can only apply &quot;debajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11569" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T20:27:10.230" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T20:27:10.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12890" CreationDate="2016-01-12T19:30:21.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;b&quot; and &quot;v&quot; are pronounced as a /b/ sound. Always. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference is in writing, not in speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T19:30:21.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2179" CreationDate="2016-01-12T19:43:16.557" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tú crees?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the time meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's your opinion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you do if you were me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11690" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T10:38:26.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2016-01-13T03:50:38.023" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia la traduccion exacta es &lt;strong&gt;volante&lt;/strong&gt;, que define a un elemento promocional impreso que se reparte en la calle o se inserta en revistas y periodicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T09:05:51.363" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T09:05:51.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15771" CreationDate="2016-01-13T05:01:10.350" Score="3" ViewCount="3707" Body="&lt;p&gt;En varias ocasiones he escuchado a los mecánicos de autos referirse a la acción de hacer revisiones o ajustes a las piezas de un medio de transporte como &quot;mecanear&quot; o &quot;macaniquear&quot;, pero estas palabras no existen en el diccionario. He estado buscando durante un tiempo si existe algún verbo que defina esta acción pero no he podido dar con el.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T22:45:59.233" Title="¿Existe algún verbo para definir la acción de realizar trabajos de mecánica?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15763" CreationDate="2016-01-13T08:54:24.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su lugar usaría el verbo apropiado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reparar, revisar, construir, montar, mantener, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre ningún verbo que agrupe todo lo anterior. Me recuerda a otra pregunta sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt;. Algunas palabras son derivadas de la influencia de otras lenguas y no han sido aceptadas por la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T11:00:59.013" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T11:00:59.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-13T14:58:18.073" Score="3" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://excelramblings.blogspot.mx/2012/03/speeding-up-google-apps-script.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://excelramblings.blogspot.mx/2012/03/speeding-up-google-apps-script.html&lt;/a&gt; me encontré la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it would be pretty straightforward to abstract getting spreadsheet&#xA;  values using a caching mechanism&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduce &quot;caching mechanism&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dí con el artículo referido arriba durante mi investigación para la publicación de una pregunta en es.stackoverflow.com. Me gustaría evitar el uso de neologismos y tecnicismos en la redacción de mi pregunta para que esta sea útil incluso para usuarios de hojas de cálculo que no tienen antecedentes de formación como programadores profesionales, como es mi caso. ¿Es posible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Observaciones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esta pregunta es diferente a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15112/palabra-en-espa%C3%B1ol-para-caching&quot;&gt;Palabra en espa&amp;#241;ol para &amp;quot;caching&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; porque al contrario de aquella que el contexto es profesional de tecnologías de información, en este caso la intención es hacer la traducción para un público que no está famialiarizado con la jerga propia de los profesionales de las tecnologías de información. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, aquella pregunta aún no tiene una respuesta aceptada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9624" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T19:50:19.257" Title="Traducción de &quot;caching mechanism&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-14T23:54:01.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15766" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-13T15:20:59.217" Score="1" ViewCount="2182" Body="&lt;p&gt;El caminar de los gatos se llama, si no me equivoco, &lt;em&gt;gatear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llamaría entonces el caminar que tienen los perros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7234" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T13:44:58.200" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:44:58.200" Title="Si los gatos gatean, ¿los perros...?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15766" CreationDate="2016-01-13T16:35:38.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia no usamos la palabra &lt;strong&gt;gatear&lt;/strong&gt; para designar el movimiento o desplazamiento de un gato.  Esta palabra la usamos en dos contextos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para designar el primer desplazamiento que hacemos los humanos&#xA;neonatos antes de caminar.  Desplazandonos sobre manos y rodillas, &#xA;como un cuadrupedo,  popularmente se denomina a este movimiento&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;gatear&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para designar un desplazamiento sigiloso. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El desplazamiento de los gatos lo designamos con las mismas palabras que designamos el movimiento de otros cuadrupedos: correr, caminar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T16:35:38.527" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2016-01-13T19:25:28.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado a que mencionas una traducción que no sea en un contexto profesional de tecnologías de información, una frase que viene a mi mente es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Almacenamiento temporero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mecanismo de almacenamiento temporero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T19:25:28.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2016-01-13T19:50:19.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pudieras traducirlo de las siguientes maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mecanismo de cacheo &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mecanismo de almacenamiento en caché&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mecanismo de memoria temporal &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mecanismo de almacenamiento que permita la agilización del proceso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo que deseas emplear la traducción para usuarios que pudieran no estar muy relacionados con el área de las tecnologías de la información, te recomiendo que reemplaces la frase por algo que de la idea de que se obtendrá una agilización del proceso que se desea llevar a cabo, pues al final para eso es que se emplea la caché de los sistemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T19:50:19.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15763" CreationDate="2016-01-13T22:45:59.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo exacto no existe pero hay otro muy útil; &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; que puede acompañar al sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacer mecánica &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te suena incompleto (a mi no) puedes usar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacer labores de mecánica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar a &quot;mecánica&quot; tendríamos &quot;electrónica&quot;. Al igual que para el mecánico no existe un verbo para expresar las labores del carnicero, el electricista, el albañil, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen seguramente muchos sustantivos que quisiéramos convertir en verbos pero como no siempre es posible o aceptado es necesario usar verbos que representen la acción como hacer, realizar, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T22:45:59.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15772" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15773" CreationDate="2016-01-13T23:13:56.697" Score="3" ViewCount="473" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish411.net/Spanish-Accent-Marks-Special-Characters.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If there isn't a written accent mark, every Spanish word that ends in a vowel, an &quot;-n,&quot; or an &quot;-s&quot; has the stress fall on the second-to-last syllable (the &quot;penultimate&quot; syllable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if this rule is so, why is the &quot;i&quot; accented in the majority (if not all) of verbs when they are conjugated into the conditional tense. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mostaría&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Echaría &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11699" LastEditorUserId="11699" LastEditDate="2020-05-13T12:55:36.400" LastActivityDate="2020-05-13T12:55:36.400" Title="Why is the &quot;í&quot; accented in conditional mood conjugations?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15772" CreationDate="2016-01-13T23:25:18.867" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because without the accent, the &lt;em&gt;ia&lt;/em&gt; forms a diphthong resulting in the syllabification mos-tra-ria or e-cha-ria, and then the default stress would be on the &lt;em&gt;tra&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cha&lt;/em&gt; syllable instead of on the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accents can also break up diphthongs when the weak vowel is also the stressed one, which is the case in verbs in the conditional tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2016-01-14T13:57:54.577" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T13:57:54.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15776" CreationDate="2016-01-14T15:58:09.297" Score="3" ViewCount="647" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la escuela tuvimos una clase que llamábamos &quot;current events&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba ¿cuál sería el nombre de aquella clase en una escuela latina? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He pensado en &quot;eventos de actualidad&quot; y &quot;eventos actuales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando una traducción, especialmente la que se usaría para el nombre o descripción de una clase sobre eventos que están pasando en el mundo ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T12:36:20.217" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T21:30:40.883" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;current events&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15775" CreationDate="2016-01-14T16:22:38.900" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que bastaría con decir simplemente &lt;em&gt;Actualidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T16:22:38.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15775" CreationDate="2016-01-14T19:35:05.387" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy profesor y en ocasiones utilizamos &lt;em&gt;Acontecer Nacional e Internacional&lt;/em&gt; lo que vendría siendo &lt;em&gt;&quot;Cosas que suceden nacional e internacionalmente&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T19:35:05.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15775" CreationDate="2016-01-14T21:45:17.547" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &quot;Cosas que suceden internacionalmente&quot; if you're talking about international events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11419" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T23:41:52.347" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T23:41:52.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-14T23:20:04.863" Score="1" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a crossword and the clue is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu ____ en México por un año. ¿Verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In parentheses is the verb you are supposed to conjugate after translating it into Spanish, in this case it had (&lt;code&gt;were&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't it be imperfect &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;? (because location?). But &lt;code&gt;estabas&lt;/code&gt; doesn't fit the crossword, though preterite '&lt;code&gt;estuviste&lt;/code&gt;' fits the boxes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused! It looks like the answer should be &lt;code&gt;estuviste&lt;/code&gt; but it's even in my notes that location = imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at more examples, I've more or less garnered that when the sentence has a set amount of time--such as 'por un mes' or 'el otro dia' then it implies &quot;done action&quot; so = preterite. I was not aware of such a rule. (Is this a correct inference I have made?) For now, since it's been 10 minutes + no answer, I'll go with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9507" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-04T22:40:23.653" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T22:40:23.653" Title="Imperfect/Preterite fill in sentence: &quot;Tu ____ en México por un año. ¿Verdad?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2016-01-15T04:42:06.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Va?&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;¿estás de acuerdo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual le puedes contestar con otro &lt;em&gt;va&lt;/em&gt; y con ello le estarás confirmando que estás de acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11709" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:29:35.803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:29:35.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15784" CreationDate="2016-01-15T04:50:55.667" Score="4" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've come across the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El de mi hermano también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My brother, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What purpose is served by &amp;quot;el de&amp;quot;? Why not simply say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermano también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: The above example is missing some context, but I was too unfamiliar with Spanish to realize it until RSanchez posted an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The missing context is that there is a conversation between two individuals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person1: Mi coche es viejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person2: El de mi hermano también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T23:35:05.160" Title="Can someone please explain the noun phrase &quot;El de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15782" CreationDate="2016-01-15T05:11:54.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El de mi hermano&lt;/em&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The one of my brother&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question lacks some context to know what are we referring to with &lt;em&gt;el de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;the one&lt;/em&gt;. There could be some cases where &lt;em&gt;el de mi hermano, también&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;my brother, too&lt;/em&gt;, but there's insufficient information to know if that's the case or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T05:11:54.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15782" CreationDate="2016-01-15T10:34:58.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El de&lt;/em&gt; can be translated by just the use of the genitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My brother's too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish construction, the article works as a pronoun; &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;el coche&lt;/em&gt;, in this case. Using the noun instead of the article/pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El coche de mi hermano también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T10:34:58.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15779" CreationDate="2016-01-15T10:54:54.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, the perfective aspect refers to finished actions, while the imperfective case refers to unfinished actions. But this &lt;em&gt;finished&lt;/em&gt; does not mean now, but in the moment implied by the full sentence. I'll take a variation from your example, taken from DGaleano's comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú estuviste en México el año pasado, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú estabas en México el año pasado, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same sentence, excepting for the verb aspect. The meaning is subtly different in each example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence means: you went on a trip to Mexico last year, but the trip is over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence means: you were in Mexico sometime during last year, or maybe for the whole year, and I am interested in the moment when you were there; it doesn't matter whether you go there regularly, you are still there, you have returned, you have been there again this year...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, both meanings are not overly different and both sentences could be used interchangeably in some cases; but there is a difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though English has no verbal aspect, we can translate these two sentences differently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You were to Mexico last year, weren't you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You were in Mexico last year, weren't you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T10:54:54.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15775" CreationDate="2016-01-15T13:07:03.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He aquí algunas sugerencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sucesos actuales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acontecimientos actuales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría que ver cuál era el contenido de esa clase o curso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser de naturaleza periodística, quizá la primera forma fuera preferible. Si la clase tuviera un enfoque histórico o sociológico, preferiría la opción &lt;em&gt;&quot;Acontecimientos actuales&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11710" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T21:30:40.883" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T21:30:40.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15812" CreationDate="2016-01-15T20:04:36.910" Score="0" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can adult L2 learners learn, master, and remember Grammatical Gender more efficiently? Memorisation  and time do not improve advanced L2 learners.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there shortcuts or patterns or rules for gender assignment, which L2 learners can try to comprehend, or at least memorise more efficiently than memorising the gender of each noun?    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any books or resources or studies  that have discovered or exposed shortcuts or aids (as queried in 2 above)? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Unfortunately, this problem also afflicts &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15787/10864&quot;&gt;this learner&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T07:28:17.630" Title="Beyond memorisation and time, how can you master Grammatical Gender in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-30T20:44:14.033" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15791" CreationDate="2016-01-15T23:05:18.013" Score="2" ViewCount="1843" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy tratando de traducir al español una aplicación para dispositivos táctiles que he desarrollado, y no puedo encontrar una traducción satisfactoria para la frase &quot;touch and hold&quot; o &quot;tap and hold&quot; para referirme a una acción sobre una pantalla táctil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única que he visto es &quot;pulsar y mantener,&quot; pero no me gusta, me suena raro decir, &quot;pulsa y mantén en una línea para cambiarla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algunas frases mejores que hayan visto ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9084" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-01-19T16:04:34.777" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T16:04:34.777" Title="Cómo se dice &quot;tap and hold&quot; en una pantalla táctil?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15775" CreationDate="2016-01-15T23:30:08.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Acontecimientos actuales&quot;. Suena correcto y natural en España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11715" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T23:30:08.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15789" CreationDate="2016-01-15T23:32:41.947" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Utilizaría &quot;mantén pulsado&quot;. Aglutina las dos propiedades de &quot;touch/tap and hold&quot;: (1) pulsar y (2) mantener la pulsación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11715" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T23:32:41.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15782" CreationDate="2016-01-15T23:35:05.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, it would translate as &quot;that of&quot;, i.e. &quot;that [thing] of my brother&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in English you use 's for possession, that's why you don't find a 1:1 relation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11715" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T23:35:05.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15793" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15794" CreationDate="2016-01-16T00:06:54.427" Score="6" ViewCount="1414" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand a lot of the uses of &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. But there is a certain context that I am having trouble on. I get the feeling that causation/reason is for things that are going to happen and have happened and purpose requires human intent. But then I see examples that confuse me. Here are some examples which to me seem interchangeable, they involve human intent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estudias español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Para qué estudias español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabaja para ganar dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su amor al español, siempre lo estudiaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estudio español por gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T08:19:15.133" Title="What is the difference between using &quot;por&quot; for causation/reason and &quot;para&quot; for purpose?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15793" CreationDate="2016-01-16T01:05:04.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Causation lies in the past/present and purpose in the future (the preposition &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; literally came out of &lt;em&gt;por a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; added the destination-y connotation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's take some of your examples and reduce them to minimal pairs and compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué estudias español?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Para qué estudias español?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first, I want to know &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;, that is, what has caused you to want to learn Spanish.  Perhaps you have friends that speak Spanish or you got interested from a vacation trip to Cancún.  In the second, I want to know &lt;em&gt;to what end&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;whither&lt;/em&gt;, in pre-1900 English) you want to study it.  Is it to get a better job?  To be able to talk to your grandmother who's a Spanish-speaking monolingual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajo para dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajo por &lt;sub&gt;(lo del)&lt;/sub&gt; dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; has two potential meanings, and its non-causitive one will generally prevail entirely (that is, it will virtually always be interpreted as &lt;em&gt;in exchange for&lt;/em&gt;, but by adding &lt;em&gt;lo del&lt;/em&gt; we have a better but not guaranteed chance of getting a causative interpretation sans context).  But given the causative &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, it means that I'm working because I'm poor, or because I've got no money, etc; that is, the money —or lack thereof— causing me to work is in the past/present and chronologically is situated before my work.  When I work &lt;em&gt;para dinero&lt;/em&gt;, I'm working in order to get money and the money is a future end-goal situated chronologically after my work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could almost generalize it as saying that when given a sentence in the form of [action X] por/para [thing/action Y], we are saying that with &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, Y causes X to happen, and with &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, X causes Y to happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why the other two sentences you have wouldn't really work with para, because there's not going to be any common rationale by which the action done causes or benefits the object of &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;.  It has to be that studying it is done &lt;em&gt;because of&lt;/em&gt; the love of Spanish.  This is also in part because &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; is virtually always used in its causative sense with verbs and not with nouns, while &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; can be used with either (with nouns, &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; in such a sentence will generally mean &lt;em&gt;for the benefit of&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Interestingly enough, the literal translation of which —&lt;em&gt;for to&lt;/em&gt;— can be heard in some dialects of English today with the exact same meaning.    &quot;I'm off to the store for to get some milk&quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T17:18:50.297" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T17:18:50.297" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15797" CreationDate="2016-01-16T22:42:22.143" Score="3" ViewCount="4301" Body="&lt;p&gt;On paper, it's easy to tell. But when speaking how do you determine the difference between &lt;em&gt;si se puede&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sí se puede&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think context would always make it clear enough. Consider the question: &quot;Hey, can I use your Legos to build a replica of the Death Star?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two possible answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sí se puede.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sure, if you can...&quot; Expressing uncertainty that accomplishing the task is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si se puede.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yes you can.&quot; Sure, go ahead and use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how does one tell the difference? In this case you still get permission either way, but I feel like this is a nuance that shouldn't be left unconsidered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1666" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T19:17:29.400" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T19:17:29.400" Title="¿Cómo determinar la diferencia entre: &quot;si se puede&quot; y &quot;sí se puede&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15796" CreationDate="2016-01-17T00:13:17.147" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: sí = yes; si = if&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conditional sentences are made of two parts: a &lt;em&gt;protasis&lt;/em&gt; (if-clause) and an &lt;em&gt;apodosis&lt;/em&gt; (consequence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any conditional sentence requires both elements, although sometimes the apodosis is elided because it can be deduced from the context. However, if this is the case, the sentence is still incomplete for it's lacking the second part, and this incompleteness is expressed in speech trough intonation: generally (although not always), the tone will rise towards the end of the sentence. This happens especially if the speaker intends to say that he/she is somehow questioning the protasis is real or appropriate. See the example below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Puedo salir esta noche con mis amigos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Si crees que has estudiado lo suficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, if B (a mother) thinks A (her son) has not studied enough or that it isn't appropiate that he go out with his friends because he's taking an important exam the next day, she would imply such thing by rising her tone towards the end of the sentence. If that's not the case, and she's just saying her son is allowed to go out if he thinks he has studied enough, her tone wouldn't rise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer you question, if the speaker thinks you can't make a Death Star out of Legos, their tone would rise. If they are simply answering &amp;quot;sí se puede&amp;quot;, their tone wouldn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, what if they don't have any expectations as to whether you can or not? Then the difference between both sentences wouldn't be that clear. Nevertheless, whereas in negative sentences the &amp;quot;no&amp;quot; particle is strictly necessary, in affirmative sentences the &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot; particle is not so. If the speaker decides to make the &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot; explicit, they will emphasize it with their tone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pepe no va a ir a la fiesta, pero yo &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; voy a ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot; is stressed, and so would be the &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;sí se puede&amp;quot;. The &amp;quot;si&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;si se puede&amp;quot; would never be stressed. Therefore, it's unlikely to be any ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, even though &amp;quot;si se puede&amp;quot; (if you can) and &amp;quot;sí se puede&amp;quot; (indeed you can) are both perfectly grammatical, they don't sound too natural in this case because you don't generally use an impersonal tense to say &amp;quot;Yes, you can&amp;quot;, but just &amp;quot;Sí, puedes&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-17T00:13:17.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15796" CreationDate="2016-01-17T03:29:44.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The stress determines the difference.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;sí se puede&lt;/em&gt; is the actual response for something that can actually be done. Often, short affirmative answers in Spanish put a comma after &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;, so the actual answer is just &lt;em&gt;sí, se puede.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;em&gt;si se puede&lt;/em&gt;, stands for a condition.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;si se puede&lt;/em&gt; needs a result clause in order to show to the speaker if he/she has the ability to perform it. For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Si se puede, hazlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que puedes, hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que se puede, hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the comma we can add the adverb &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; to use it as a consequence if the first clause is triggered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Si se puede, entonces hazlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que puedes, entonces hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que se puede, entonces hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this response is normally given when the question is paraphrased as &lt;em&gt;Oye, ¿se pueden usar legos para construir una réplica de la Estrella de la Muerte?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But in this case since we have &lt;em&gt;legos&lt;/em&gt;, we use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Si se pueden&lt;/em&gt; (usar), &lt;em&gt;entonces hazlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que puedes&lt;/em&gt; (usarlos), &lt;em&gt;entonces hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;Si es que se pueden&lt;/em&gt; (usar), &lt;em&gt;entonces hazlo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-17T03:29:44.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15796" CreationDate="2016-01-17T05:03:17.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considero que &quot;si se puede&quot; se establece para iniciar una condición y luego solicitar algo que se desea, por lo que debemos terminar la frase, por ejemplo, &quot;si se puede, me gustaría conocer los detalles sobre ese retrato&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte &quot;sí se puede&quot; creo que debería llevar una coma después de sí, quedaría así&quot;: &quot;sí, se puede&quot;, lo utilizaríamos a modo de autorización, es decir, dar permiso para algo que se nos haya solicitado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11504" LastActivityDate="2016-01-17T05:03:17.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15802" CreationDate="2016-01-17T07:26:46.487" Score="7" ViewCount="637" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; any of the below could be used to translate &quot;tungsten&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wólfram&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wolframio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;volframio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tungsteno - also suggested by &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/tungsten&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are any of the above used more often than the others in Spanish-speaking regions?  Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T18:03:01.537" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T15:06:30.323" Title="Which Spanish-speaking regions use &quot;tungsteno&quot; vs &quot;wolframio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15801" CreationDate="2016-01-17T11:30:22.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tungsten and wolfram are names for the same chemical element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, tungsten is the only accepted word, since IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, apparently the main Chemical association) decided that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the two names are accepted by the RAE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c6rBYnL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wolframio&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=av9W2ak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tungsteno&lt;/a&gt;), with &lt;em&gt;wolframio&lt;/em&gt; being considered a synonym of &lt;em&gt;tungsteno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, see that Wikipedia Spanish says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La IUPAC denomina al elemento 74, de símbolo W, como tungsten (en&#xA;  inglés, su único idioma oficial). El nombre alternativo wolfram fue&#xA;  suprimido en la última edición de su Libro rojo (Nomenclatura de&#xA;  Química Inorgánica. Recomendaciones de la IUPAC de 2005) aunque dicha&#xA;  eliminación está en discusión, principalmente por miembros españoles&#xA;  de la IUPAC.11&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nombre de wolfram ya había sido adoptado oficialmente, en lugar de&#xA;  tungsten por la IUPAC en su 15ª conferencia, celebrada en Ámsterdam en&#xA;  1949.12&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the official name of the element is tungsten and, in fact, in the Discussion page of the Spanish article &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n:Wolframio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;there are some people&lt;/a&gt; claiming the name of the article to be changed to the standard &lt;em&gt;tungsteno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El articulo no tendría que renombrarse a Tungsteno? Según la IUPAC el&#xA;  elemento W es tungsteno y desde 2005 wolframio no se acepta (mas que&#xA;  como curiosidad histórica)&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.iupac.org/reports/periodic_table/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://old.iupac.org/reports/periodic_table/index.html&lt;/a&gt; --Nahuel&#xA;  (discusión) 18:49 25 oct 2011 (UTC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy a favor del cambio, creo que lo que diga la IUPAC es suficiente,&#xA;  ellos son los que le dan el nombre a fin de cuentas.186.65.240.162&#xA;  (discusión) 05:23 14 sep 2014 (UTC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: the correct name is tungsteno. However, both names are understood by everybody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T14:14:57.003" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T14:14:57.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15804" CreationDate="2016-01-17T17:56:25.117" Score="0" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the song &lt;em&gt;&quot;Por fin Te Encontré&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, they sing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tu supieras lo que te he esperado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(If you knew that I've been waiting for you)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do they say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lo que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; there? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't it translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;If you knew &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; I've waited for you&quot; with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lo que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later in the song, they sing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tu a mi lado vas a tener al que más te adora&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(If you are by my side you'll have the one that most adores you)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;strong&gt;&quot;al&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;el&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wouldn't &lt;em&gt;&quot;tener al&quot;&lt;/em&gt; translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;have &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the one&quot; or something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Towards the end, they sing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y yo lo puedo ver, dime qué vas a hacer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(And I can see it, tell me what you gonna do)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;strong&gt;&quot;qué&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (or &quot;que&quot;) instead of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lo que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Qué&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a question word, and &lt;em&gt;&quot;que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;that&quot;. Neither of which make sense here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11591" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T19:29:04.997" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T19:29:04.997" Title="Questions in the song &quot;Por fin te encontré&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15803" CreationDate="2016-01-17T18:58:41.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tú supieras lo que te he esperado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid &quot;If you knew that I've been waiting for you&quot; isn't a good translation. &quot;Lo&quot; in &quot;lo que&quot; is the article used when the following noun is omitted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El aspecto más interesante = lo más interesante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I omitted &quot;aspecto&quot; there because it didn't really add any meaning, and I did so by changing &quot;el&quot; to &quot;lo&quot;. Generally, the word omitted isn't really anything, but just a meaningless pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo que me gusta de ella es que es divertida = &lt;em&gt;aquello&lt;/em&gt; que me gusta de ella es que es divertida&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, sometimes the word elided &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; a meaningful word, but one than can be perfectly understandable without making it explicit. The example at hand would be one of those cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tú supieras lo que te he esperado = si tú supieras el &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; que te he esperado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (If you knew how much I've been waiting for you)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: In English, &quot;wait&quot; is intransitive (i.e., it can't take a DO), but in Spanish it can. You can say &quot;estuve esperando dos horas&quot;, which would translate to &quot;I've been waiting (for) two hours&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tú a mi lado vas a tener al que más te adora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once again, the translation provided is not on point. A better translation would be &quot;If you'll have by my side the one that adores you the most&quot;. The sentence is incomplete, I guess because it's lacking a context. &quot;A&quot; from &quot;al&quot; is necessary because in Spanish, both direct and indirect objects require &quot;a&quot; when the object is a person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Vi una película.&quot; but &quot;Vi &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tu hermano.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition is necessary when introducing a person, even though &quot;al que más te adora&quot; is a DO, which generally wouldn't be introduced by &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y yo lo puedo ver, dime qué vas a hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right &quot;qué&quot; is a question word, just like &quot;what&quot; is. And here you &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; a question, but it's an indirect one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿A dónde vas? = Quiero saber a dónde vas // Dime a dónde vas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué vas a hacer? = Quiero saber qué vas a hacer // Dime qué vas a hacer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Btw, &quot;Dime lo que vas a hacer&quot; is just as fine as &quot;Dime qué vas a hacer&quot;. Only in the former, &quot;lo&quot; would be standing for &quot;aquello&quot; (Dime &lt;em&gt;aquello&lt;/em&gt; que vas a hacer), and &quot;que&quot; would be a mere linker without any semantic meaning, whereas &quot;qué&quot; in the latter would be a pronoun with full meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T17:28:13.550" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T17:28:13.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15807" CreationDate="2016-01-18T01:46:46.983" Score="5" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una vez eso fue una escuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That was a school once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;eso&quot; used rather then &quot;esa&quot;? I would think that the proper conjugation is &quot;esa&quot;, in order to agree with the feminine word &quot;escuela&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T00:08:40.057" Title="May someone please explain the translation of &quot;una vez eso fue una escuela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15805" CreationDate="2016-01-18T01:55:13.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing wrong with &lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt;, and there's really nothing wrong with &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; even.  Because a demonstrative pronoun is used, the question is what is in the speaker's mind when they utter &lt;em&gt;ese/a/o&lt;/em&gt;.  If it's a masculine thing, like &lt;em&gt;edificio&lt;/em&gt;, they'll use &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;.  If it's a feminine thing, like &lt;em&gt;estructura&lt;/em&gt;, they'll use &lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt;.  If it can't be reduced to a simple noun, perhaps to refer to the general area (imagine a handwaving around to generalize the location), they'll use &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T01:55:13.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15805" CreationDate="2016-01-18T03:45:08.290" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Pronombre_demostrativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demonstrative pronouns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;ese/esa/eso&lt;/em&gt; among others) can function as &lt;strong&gt;adjectives&lt;/strong&gt; (they are attached to a noun) or as &lt;strong&gt;nouns&lt;/strong&gt; (they take the place of another noun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English a single word can fullfill both functions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I don't like &lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt; song.&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;strong&gt;adjective&lt;/strong&gt;: '&lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;' qualifies the noun '&lt;em&gt;song&lt;/em&gt;')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I don't like &lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;       (&lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt;: '&lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;' replaces some thing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, though there are no universal rules, but the typical uses are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; : noun&lt;/strong&gt;   : &amp;quot;No me gusta &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; [*]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; : adjective, masculine&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;No me gusta &lt;strong&gt;ese sonido&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt; : adjective, feminine&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;No me gusta &lt;strong&gt;esa casa&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, your example is right. &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; functions as a noun.  A different construction, as adjective, could be &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Una vez &lt;strong&gt;ese&lt;/strong&gt; edificio fue una escuela&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Una vez &lt;strong&gt;esa&lt;/strong&gt; casa fue una escuela&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[*] The gramatical gender of &amp;quot;eso&amp;quot; is masculine [**], but because it's a noun, not an adjetive, it does not have any concordance rule with the other noun it replaces.&#xA;An exception is when the thing alluded is a person, then we normally use the forms &amp;quot;ese/esa&amp;quot; (as nouns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Esa era mi novia&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ese es mi tío&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[**] (as per comment) Some prefer to say that &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is neutral gender. That's true in a semantic sense, in the same sense that in English &lt;em&gt;he/she/it&lt;/em&gt; are respectively masculine/feminine/neutral. But in Spanish nouns, adjectives, artices and pronouns also (and mainly) have a &lt;em&gt;gramatical gender&lt;/em&gt; (something English doesn't have at all), which is not directly related with the semantic (the masculinity of the alluded thing) but it's instead tied to concordance rules - and there are no neutral gender here: we have masculine and feminine only. All this is debatable, (lastly, it's about a grammatical terminology) and there are lots of pages discussing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T16:20:41.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15809" CreationDate="2016-01-18T17:17:49.173" Score="1" ViewCount="540" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across it in Memrise app and found no more information about it in the app, googled for it some, but found nothing reasuring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I had no idea which tag to put.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11736" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T19:23:30.697" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T17:11:08.837" Title="&quot;se ha&quot; (has been) What is the origin of &quot;se&quot; and what is the origin of &quot;ha&quot;?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15808" CreationDate="2016-01-18T18:39:30.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the reflexive passive construction for the perfect tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reflexive passive constructions are widely used in Spanish, but some of them can't be literally translated as they look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It has been told = Se ha dicho&lt;/em&gt;. (&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ha sido dicho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/s&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We omit &lt;em&gt;been = estado, sido&lt;/em&gt; when we want to use the reflexive passive construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that both options work when dealing with transitive verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The stadium &lt;strong&gt;has been&lt;/strong&gt; built = El estadio &lt;strong&gt;ha sido&lt;/strong&gt; construído = El estadio &lt;strong&gt;se ha&lt;/strong&gt; construído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-24T17:11:08.837" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T17:11:08.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15734" CreationDate="2016-01-18T21:32:49.970" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;its an screenshot from a facebook messenger conversation, where a girl ask a guy &quot;Why did he kissed another girl&quot;and he respond with that quote...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and its funny cause you dont answer a mad girl with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Why do you want to know that..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;haha Greetings&quot;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11738" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T21:32:49.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15788" CreationDate="2016-01-19T08:16:17.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll try to give you an answer to clarify your doubts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 and 2- Usually (that is to say 95% of the cases) female gender ends with an &lt;code&gt;-a&lt;/code&gt; in a singular and with &lt;code&gt;-as&lt;/code&gt; with plural forms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Example:&#xA;La mesa tiene 4 patas. &#xA;Las mesas tienen 4 patas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In male gender, words usually ends with all other vocal and also adding an &lt;code&gt;-s&lt;/code&gt; with plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Example:&#xA;El palo de golf es de hierro&#xA;Los palos de golf son de hierro.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there is a lot of exceptions but usually with that form you will be able to recognize the gender easily. The other way, as you can imagine, is to practise and try to remember the words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Of course there is a lot of information and resources. Unfortunetely I'm not capable to recommend you any of them, I'm a native spanish in Catalonia and I'm not sure which books are better for a student of L2 or others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11352" LastEditDate="2016-01-19T08:37:20.367" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T08:37:20.367" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15814" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-19T12:53:47.593" Score="2" ViewCount="689" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the context were the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I really like that movie. Michael Fassbender is in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I go about saying this? I tried searching but couldn't think of any decent keywords to find a similar thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Michael Fassbender aparece [en esta película].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that be appropriate to say without the section in brackets or would it sound a bit broken?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it varies depending on the country then European Spanish is the variant I'd prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11743" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-19T20:09:39.383" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T20:09:39.383" Title="How do I state that an actor featured in a movie? (e.g. &quot;Michael Fassbender is in it.&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15814" CreationDate="2016-01-19T13:11:08.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways we use to say this, the one you mention being one of the most common ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in my Spanish from Spain I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;M. F. aparece [en esta película]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;M. F. actúa [en esta película]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;M.F. sale [en esta película]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note all of the expressions mean the same, all of them not making it clear if the actor is one of the main characters or if it is just a &lt;em&gt;cameo&lt;/em&gt;. I don't think there is a way to state that, unless being specific (&lt;em&gt;M. F. es el protagonista / uno de los protagonistas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give some references, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=feature&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference says&lt;/a&gt; that the translation to &quot;feature [sb]&quot;, as per include as actor, is either of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tener la actuación de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aparecer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot think on a most preferred one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T13:11:08.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15817" CreationDate="2016-01-19T17:58:31.377" Score="5" ViewCount="2150" Body="&lt;p&gt;From searching the web via Google, I'm finding that &amp;quot;conocer&amp;quot; can be used to express that one is meeting someone else &lt;em&gt;for the first time&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this mean that two or more persons are meeting for the first time &lt;em&gt;ever&lt;/em&gt;? Or does it mean for the first time within a particular day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conoció a su madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He didn't meet his mother.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above Spanish is from a lesson I'm taking at Memrise.com. This confuses me because usually an individual is NOT meeting his mother for the first time ever. Why is it appropriate to use &amp;quot;conocer&amp;quot; in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: Perhaps I've made a faulty assumption here. In the example that I used, I assumed that 'his' is referring to the mother of 'he'. Perhaps 'his' is referring to someone else's mother. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He (Roberto) did not meet his (Brian's) mother.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, this meeting that did not occur would have been a first-time meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that I'm making sense here! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T07:05:08.717" Title="Use of &quot;conocer&quot; in the context of meeting someone" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15816" CreationDate="2016-01-19T20:08:01.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conocer&lt;/em&gt;, in Spanish, has multiple meanings, just like &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; has multiple meanings in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE lists &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AMmujSR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;10 usages of &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. The most relevant ones to your question are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Entender, advertir, saber, echar de ver a alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Tener trato y comunicación con alguien. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Roughly translated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;transitive verb. Understand, notice, know, or to see someone or something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;transitive verb. Engage in dealings and communication with someone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the explanation is simply that the word has multiple meanings.  It can mean to know someone, and it can mean to meet someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of how to use conocer, and how to talk about meeting and meeting up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Conoces a Maria?  / &lt;em&gt;Do you know Maria?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Conociste a Maria? / &lt;em&gt;Did you meet Maria (for the first time)?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ayer conocí a tu jefe. / &lt;em&gt;Yesterday I met your boss (for the first time).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Vamos a juntarnos en el café. / &lt;em&gt;We will met up in the café.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encontré a Maria en el supermercado. / &lt;em&gt;I met/ran into/found Maria in the supermarket.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Conoces Ámsterdam? / &lt;em&gt;Do you know/are you familiar with/have you been to Amsterdam?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T07:23:34.153" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T07:23:34.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15816" CreationDate="2016-01-19T21:29:21.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, the use of this verb often depends of context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; when the person introduced already knows the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Hola, este es Paul.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Hola, ya lo &lt;strong&gt;conozco&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you want to meet someone or more people for the first time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Quiero &lt;strong&gt;conocer&lt;/strong&gt; más amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking about knowledge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;strong&gt;Conocer&lt;/strong&gt; estas materias, ampliará tu mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we don't use &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; when we casually meet people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Ayer me &lt;strong&gt;encontré&lt;/strong&gt; a Paul en el mercado. (&lt;s&gt; Ayer &lt;strong&gt;conocí&lt;/strong&gt; a Paul en el Mercado.&lt;/s&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T21:29:21.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15816" CreationDate="2016-01-20T00:59:00.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Conocer,&quot; in this context, is to meet for the first time &lt;em&gt;ever.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rough English translation is, &quot;get to know.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you &quot;conocer&quot; this person, you don't know him/her &lt;em&gt;at all.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T00:59:00.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15822" CreationDate="2016-01-20T01:03:00.993" Score="6" ViewCount="563" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salieron a comer y luego fueron a nadar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salieron a comer y después fueron a nadar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these translate to:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;They went out for lunch and then went for a swim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, there are so many words that I frequently use interchangeably. I'll randomly interchange such words for no reason in particular, but still it sounds natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ultimately, I'm asking if it sounds like natural Spanish to interchange 'luego' and 'después'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T02:52:08.027" Title="In a particular context, is it common for 'después' and 'luego' to be used interchangeably?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15821" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15829" CreationDate="2016-01-20T01:06:49.543" Score="2" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have successfully completed all grammar topics in Spanish, however one topic is still puzzling for me: the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often find myself trying to sell, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;It is difficult to explain&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; in Spanish. But I have no idea how?! Is it, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Es difícil explicar.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;? That sounds wrong, but I just don't know. Also, I see the construction &amp;quot; para + infinitive&amp;quot;, but can't kind the correct definition of if or when to use it. What are the many ways to use the infinitive of a verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will provide some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjective + verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para + verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De + verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por + verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Infinitive alone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could write about any other places that one might use the infinitive, that would be great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10960" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T15:22:19.320" Title="The Spanish Infinitive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15820" CreationDate="2016-01-20T01:06:54.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes is natural interchange 'luego' and 'después', is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And remember that is 'después' (é)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T01:06:54.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15820" CreationDate="2016-01-20T01:30:16.080" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they are pretty much interchangeable. However, as usual, there might be some regional differences. One I can think of is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;después&quot;/&quot;luego&quot; + de:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the construction &quot;luego de&quot; sounds a little bit odd. &quot;Después de&quot; sounds much better.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, I believe &quot;luego de&quot; sounds just as fine as &quot;después de&quot;. I cannot tell in &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; countries both are equally popular —maybe people can tell that in the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides that, I cannot think of any other difference, so I'd say it's okay to say both have the same meaning and are used the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T01:30:16.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15820" CreationDate="2016-01-20T06:06:07.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this particular context yes, they are interchangeable. BUT not every sentence accepts &quot;luego&quot; where &quot;después&quot; is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest example should be a question like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Before or after?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Antes o después?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &quot;luego&quot; there would be wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="924" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T06:06:07.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15820" CreationDate="2016-01-20T09:06:10.200" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with the above comments. I'm a Spanish native speaker and there is subtle difference between the two. When used naturally... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Después&lt;/code&gt; tends to indicate adjacency between the actions, e.g. They ate and went for a swim &lt;strong&gt;afterwards&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Luego&lt;/code&gt; does not mandate adjacency, e.g. They ate and went for a swim &lt;strong&gt;later&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is very subtle, but a Spanish speaker would likely not use &lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt; if they went for a swim 5 hours after eating. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11715" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T02:52:08.027" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T02:52:08.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15827" CreationDate="2016-01-20T13:15:17.013" Score="5" ViewCount="264" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy vi en una pregunta de la página hermana de SE para alemán una cita que puede traducirse así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Cuando pienso qué dificultades me dio el idoma inglés! Pero esto ya tiene sus treinta años.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá la combinación siguiente sería más propia del español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya tiene sus años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si escucho &lt;em&gt;ya tiene algunos años&lt;/em&gt; siento que es un evento más reciente que alguno que &lt;em&gt;ya tenga sus años&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué función tiene el &lt;em&gt;sus&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Qué tipo de palabra es? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T08:37:41.317" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T08:37:41.317" Title="¿Qué función tiene el «sus» en «Ya tiene sus años»?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15826" CreationDate="2016-01-20T13:42:33.350" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo indica la RAE en la tercera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YUFeT07&quot;&gt;&quot;su&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. poses. 3.ª pers. coloq. Antepuesto a un nombre propio, aporta valor afectivo o enfático. &lt;em&gt;Siempre está hablando de su Luis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, cuando se dice &lt;em&gt;ya tiene sus años&lt;/em&gt;, el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;sus&lt;/em&gt; enfatiza &lt;em&gt;años&lt;/em&gt; dando la connotación de que &lt;em&gt;ya tiene muchos años&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bojan prometía mucho como futbolista de jovencito. Ahora que ya tiene&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;sus&lt;/strong&gt; años, vemos que tampoco llegó a tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T13:42:33.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15821" CreationDate="2016-01-20T15:22:19.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No wonder you find this puzzling: from the grammar point of view, this specific construction is quite difficult. I've found a &lt;a href=&quot;https://dspace.usc.es/bitstream/10347/12210/1/29%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Garc%C3%ADa.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;15-page study&lt;/a&gt; of this construction that explains it pretty well, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: a construction such as &lt;em&gt;It is difficult to explain&lt;/em&gt; can also be written in English as &lt;em&gt;Explaining it is difficult&lt;/em&gt;. I'll use a different subject to make this clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;History is difficult to explain =&amp;gt; Explaining History is difficult&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction pattern is &lt;code&gt;noun&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;to be&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;adjective&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;infinitive&lt;/code&gt;, where the adjective qualifies the noun and the infinitive acts as modifier of the adjective, but the noun is also the object of the verb (what is difficult to explain? History).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these cases, the appropriate preposition to use in Spanish is &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es difícil &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; explicar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once again, the example with a different subject and both forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu comportamiento es difícil de explicar =&amp;gt; Es difícil explicar tu comportamiento (or: &lt;em&gt;explicar tu comportamiento es difícil&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction works with many different adjectives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu comportamiento es difícil de explicar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lección es fácil de entender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película es imposible de olvidar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El examen está pendiente de corregir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una camisa cómoda de llevar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the last examples, the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; can be replaced by others, such as &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, or even omitted altogether; but the construction is still the same. In all those cases, the subject of the sentence (or proposition) also works as object of the infinitive that modifies the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T15:22:19.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15835" CreationDate="2016-01-21T04:05:59.370" Score="6" ViewCount="616" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following question is within a lesson on Memrise.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example1:&#xA;  ¿Conoció tu madre a tu padre en una estación de tren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Did your mother meet your father at a train station?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being that I'm so new to Spanish, I would construct this sentence as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example2:&#xA;  ¿Tu madre conoció a tu padre en una estación de tren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction of Example1 really stifles my listening comprehension. This is because my brain is programmed to English, and the construction of Example2 is similar to that of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ultimately my question is, how common do native speakers use the construction of Example1?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the answer is, &quot;very common&quot;, then I'm in for a world of hurt because I find Example1 to be sooooo difficult, and therefore I'll have to increase my study times in this particular area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T15:32:42.593" Title="What is the common construction of questions spoken by native speakers of Spanish?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15830" CreationDate="2016-01-21T08:34:11.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native spanish speaker I would say both of your construction are correct. Maybe the first one is more common if you use a translation and you are answering a question of your students book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, the first one sounds more correct because of the order construction. However I miss in the first one a &lt;code&gt;how (Cúando)&lt;/code&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Cómo conoció tu madre a tu padre en una estación de tren?&#xA;How did your mother meet your father at a train station?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there isn't an exact construction of questions because it admits several changes of sorting words,subject etc. It is not very common to put the subject at the beginning of a question. However, everybody will understand you whichever you choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T14:02:13.500" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T14:02:13.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15826" CreationDate="2016-01-21T11:36:28.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una construcción &lt;em&gt;sui generis&lt;/em&gt;, coloquial, con sentido enfático y ponderativo. Es cercana (aunque no idéntica, en mi opinión) a la acepción de &quot;su&quot; que menciona la respuesta de fedorqui. Hay también una relación, creo que más estrecha, con la construcción &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lo suyo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YqlzSAz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;loc. pronom. coloq. Pondera la dificultad, mérito o importancia de algo. &lt;em&gt;Traducir a Horacio tiene lo suyo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T12:29:18.657" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:29:18.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15830" CreationDate="2016-01-21T12:20:32.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also, as a native spanish speaker, i can confirm both ways are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First example is a &quot;formal&quot; mode of asking. More appropriate for writing or being polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common way is the second example, since it's the colloquial way to do a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11758" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:20:32.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15830" CreationDate="2016-01-21T12:27:34.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct however I would say that Example 1 sounds to me like a &quot;book&quot; while Example 2 sound like everyday common people talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the answer from Ferran (I think from Spain) where he likes Example 1 best I'd say that the first sounds good in Spain and the second is best in Latinamerica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I would say it would be more like &lt;code&gt;¿Tus padres se conocieron en una estación de tren?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T12:36:48.440" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:36:48.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15830" CreationDate="2016-01-21T12:42:23.123" Score="12" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Often, in Spanish you'll see a lot of these constructions. We invert some part of the sentence because we want to show preference of something when speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Conoció tu madre a tu padre en una estación de tren&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿&lt;em&gt;Tu madre conoció a tu padre en una estación de tren&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you were told, both constructions work, with no difference in meaning. The same applies if you wanted to turn both &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; into a pronoun (here we'll need to use the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Se conocieron en una estación de tren&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿&lt;em&gt;En una estación de tren se conocieron&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can even form more constructions, perhaps less used, but which can be used anyway:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Conoció tu madre en una estación de tren a tu padre&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And commas can also be added to rewrite the question and interrogative signs are placed in different positions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En una estación de tren,&lt;/em&gt; ¿&lt;em&gt;tu madre conoció a tu padre&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Conoció tu madre a tu padre,&lt;/em&gt; ¿&lt;em&gt;en una estación de tren&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, in Spanish we have lots of options to rephrase a sentence, it all depends how we want to express it on that precise moment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T15:32:42.593" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T15:32:42.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2016-01-21T16:59:07.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Computadora&quot; is the term used by most Spanish speakers. &quot;Ordenador&quot; is the term used in Spain. This case is similar to &quot;flashlight&quot; and &quot;torch,&quot; &quot;truck&quot; and &quot;lorry,&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11762" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T16:59:07.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2016-01-21T22:04:12.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia both &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; mean the same,  and also the word &lt;em&gt;microcomputador&lt;/em&gt;, usually used in its abbreviated form &lt;em&gt;micro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However,  in current language we use the word &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; when referring to a PC and &lt;em&gt;portátil&lt;/em&gt; when referring to a laptop.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words like computadora, ordenador, microcomputador and micro are used by old folks who learnt about computing in the 80's or early 90's of past century. Those words come out of early manuals and textbooks,  mainly edited or translated in Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of any of these words is a red flag to any in the IT industry.  An outdated person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:14:24.750" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:14:24.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15846" CreationDate="2016-01-21T22:27:42.750" Score="6" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a translation that means something similar as it does in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case I need that this was in the Informatic Sciences field, you can found the expression as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boilerplate project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T20:12:04.297" Title="What's the Spanish expression for 'boilerplate code'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15840" CreationDate="2016-01-22T00:01:19.537" Score="2" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use the past perfect and in my textbook they use &lt;em&gt;ya había&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is that? What does it mean and how is it different from &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11766" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-01-22T13:18:20.313" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T13:18:20.313" Title="When to use &quot;ya había&quot; and when to use &quot;habia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15839" CreationDate="2016-01-22T00:42:37.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Había&quot; is the past pefect as in &quot;had&quot;. &quot;Ya había&quot; is as remarking that something was done before. Example: I had eaten (yo había comido). I had eaten already (yo ya había comido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11767" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T00:42:37.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15838" CreationDate="2016-01-22T09:15:03.343" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a tough one to translate. Some options, not perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Código predefinido &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Código base &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Código modelo &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Código estándar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fragmento de código &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Código reutilizable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T09:15:03.343" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15844" CreationDate="2016-01-22T11:15:38.717" Score="3" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice la RAE que &lt;strong&gt;agarrado&lt;/strong&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;tacaño&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=13gzer1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agarrado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del part. de agarrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. coloq. tacaño (‖ que escatima en el gasto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en efecto, lo usamos mucho. Sin embargo, estaba intentando imaginar el origen de la palabra y me surgió la duda: ¿a qué se considera que se agarra un agarrado? ¿al bolsillo? ¿a su riqueza? ¿Acaso quiere decir que alguien agarra algo y no lo suelta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T15:02:15.173" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T15:02:15.173" Title="¿A qué se &quot;agarra&quot; un &quot;agarrado&quot;? ¿Al bolsillo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15843" CreationDate="2016-01-22T14:05:41.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy de acuerdo con tu sugerencia de &lt;code&gt;quiere decir que alguien agarra algo y no lo suelta&lt;/code&gt;, y que ese algo es el dinero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos &quot;sinónimos&quot; o expresiones similares que he oído para expresar lo mismo serían por ejemplo &quot;ser del puño cerrado&quot; (o incluso &lt;a href=&quot;http://expresionesyrefranes.com/2007/07/05/ser-de-la-cofradia-del-puno-o-ser-de-la-virgen-del-puno/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;ser de la cofradía del puño cerrado&lt;/a&gt;&quot;), por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No vas a conseguir que el del tercero acepte gastar un poco más en la reforma del ascensor. Ese es del &lt;strong&gt;puño cerrado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la expresión refiere a lo mismo: tener el puño cerrado agarrando el dinero sin soltarlo, sin ceder o darle algo a los demás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T14:05:41.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3863" CreationDate="2016-01-22T16:28:09.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you know what the spanish articles mean. Read them in the sentence using English, then think about if the article makes sense to put there. Most of the time doing this easier way if you don't know all the specific rules makes the use of the articles correct, but not in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11774" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T16:28:09.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15838" CreationDate="2016-01-22T20:10:56.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;boilerplate code&quot; is standard, reusable code fragments that are used again and again in projects, and are not particularly meant to be refactored out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;perl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/perl&#xA;use warnings;&#xA;use strict;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to answer your question, looking at this use of &quot;boilerplate code&quot;, I imagine google translate is probably right, and would suggest: &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;código repetitivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another meaning the phrase is used to denote is when a well-known &lt;code&gt;pattern&lt;/code&gt; is followed in the working of a problem, such that the libraries in handling the project, or the project itself, generates such code as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://html5boilerplate.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;html5boilerplate&lt;/a&gt; site which allows you to generate custom variants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ruby or rails&lt;/code&gt; uses it's own term &lt;code&gt;scaffolding&lt;/code&gt; and generates such code as needed in its MWC-based server-side designs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I would suggest: &lt;strong&gt;Andamios&lt;/strong&gt; —the only translation I can find on the wikipedia article for ruby's scaffolding was the french &lt;strong&gt;Échafaudage&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(programmation)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="11732" LastEditDate="2016-01-22T20:18:27.637" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T20:18:27.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-22T22:26:08.810" Score="7" ViewCount="57092" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace algunas semanas, revisaba videos en Youtube del humorista Gerly Hassan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una de sus presentaciones en el programa Sábados Felices del Canal Caracol, hizo referencia a la expresión &lt;strong&gt;paquete chileno&lt;/strong&gt; en una parte del chiste que mas o menos decía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... que ella no me vaya a salir con el &lt;strong&gt;paquete chileno&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede &lt;em&gt;asumir&lt;/em&gt; a qué se refiere con la expresión; pero buscando en internet, no encuentro información sobre el origen de dicha expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esto pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;paquete chileno&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T13:28:30.540" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T14:11:50.900" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;paquete chileno&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15853" CreationDate="2016-01-23T04:23:12.600" Score="3" ViewCount="924" Body="&lt;p&gt;Memrise.com has a lesson where the translation for each &quot;háblame&quot; and &quot;cuéntame&quot; is &quot;tell me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When would a native speaker use each of these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T20:38:23.200" Title="What is the difference between &quot;háblame&quot; and &quot;cuéntame&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14899" CreationDate="2016-01-23T05:26:35.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that deeper, more profound answers require one to appeal to Linguistics. So I Googled &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22semantics+of+spanish+prepositions%22&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&amp;amp;gws_rd=cr&amp;amp;ei=xQyjVoKBJMef-wHf0re4BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;semantics of spanish prepositions&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which revealed the following that should assist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Huerta, Beth Lynn (2009). &lt;em&gt;The semantics of the spanish prepositions en, a, and de: A cognitive approach&lt;/em&gt; (Order No. 3372152).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Available from ProQuest Dissertations &amp;amp; Theses A&amp;amp;I. (305085088).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Retrieved from &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.proquest.com/docview/305085088?accountid=9851&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://search.proquest.com/docview/305085088?accountid=9851&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At 24 pages, it is too long to reproduce here, but these  details that should aid you to find it:&#xA;It  is dated June 26, 2009, and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A dissertation submitted to the &#xA;  Faculty of the Graduate School of the &#xA;  University at Buffalo, State University of New York &#xA;  in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the  degree of &#xA;  Doctor of Philosophy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partial quote from p 11 of 24 (Abstract) should already convince you of and to evidence its helpfulness:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prepositions are a source of error for English-speakers learning Spanish throughout many &#xA;  years of study. Other than contrasts of &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;  and &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  , very little emphasis is given to the &#xA;  semantics of prepositions in current SLA pr&#xA;  actices. However, a preposition in either &#xA;  Spanish or English may have several meanings&#xA;   associated with it which a native speaker &#xA;  would know and use. Since prepositions in &#xA;  both languages have multiple meanings which &#xA;  do not entirely equate to the most similar pre&#xA;  position in the other language, at times there &#xA;  is a match (equivalency) and at other tim&#xA;  es there is a mismatch between the two &#xA;  languages. English-speaking learners of Spanis&#xA;  h may attempt to equate the prepositions &#xA;  across languages if unaware of the differences in spatial relations coded by the &#xA;  prepositions in the two languages.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     This dissertation examines the prepositions &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in consideration of the &#xA;  subset of spatial relations that they form within the Spanish language, their primary &#xA;  meanings, and the semantic network of meanings associated with them. By using &#xA;  illustrations and explanations of spatial relations for the three Spanish prepositions as &#xA;  determined by Whitley, explanations of &#xA;  the system provided by Bull, semantic &#xA;  descriptions provided by the &#xA;  Diccionario de la Real Academia Española&#xA;   and the &#xA;  Diccionario de Construcción y Ré&#xA;  gimen de la Lengua Castellana&#xA;  , and by applying the &#xA;  model of principled polysemy&#xA;   for analyzing English prepositions proposed by Tyler and &#xA;  Evans,  the current work provides a thorough description of &#xA;  en&#xA;  , &#xA;  a&#xA;  , and &#xA;  de &#xA;  from a cognitive perspective, that is, in terms of the &#xA;  concepts &#xA;  they convey. In order to provide a more complete analysis for the learner and educator, this work also includes a very brief &#xA;  description of grammaticalized usages of these prepositions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T05:35:16.583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T05:35:16.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15848" CreationDate="2016-01-23T09:23:58.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Hablar» is to speak, so «háblame» is urging someone to say anything. I wouldn't normally use it for to tell, which is «contar» (among other meanings). «Cuéntame» expects that someone to say something concrete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estás muy callado, háblame.&lt;/em&gt; Just break the silence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Estás muy callado, cuéntame.&lt;/em&gt; Do you have something to tell me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Contar» can have a D.O. specifying what is being told (in fact it normally has one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estás muy callado, cuéntame lo que te ocurre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And «hablar» can't (in this use only, as languages can be D.O. of «hablar» but it's a different use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estás muy callado, háblame &lt;s&gt;lo que te ocurre&lt;/s&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Estás muy callado, ¿hablas mi idioma?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T09:34:56.653" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T09:34:56.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15848" CreationDate="2016-01-23T12:44:22.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;contar&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AU4bUpJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; has as an entry for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner a alguien en el número, clase u opinión que le corresponde. &lt;em&gt;Siempre te he contado entre los mejores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in which the basic usage is to account of quantitatively &lt;em&gt;or qualitatively&lt;/em&gt;. It is about as close as I notice to the correct entry for the actual, primary use of contar in spoken spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=contar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference.com&lt;/a&gt;  tries to use questions to their site to add to culled knowledge. It lists as the primary meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;contar⇒ vtr   (narrar)    tell vtr, &#xA;        narrate vtr     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su padre les contaba un cuento antes de dormir.&lt;/em&gt;     Their dad used to tell them stories before they went to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;cuéntame&quot;, as it is used analogous to &quot;dime&quot; or &quot;háblame&quot;, I think it is &quot;contar TO me&quot;, and by that is meant &quot;account of it to me&quot;. So the basic usage is the same as &quot;háblame&quot; but the emphasis is on the opinion of the other person, rather than it being on their speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;hablar and decir&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JvzNhyI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hablar&lt;/a&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Emitir palabras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de ciertas aves: Imitar las articulaciones de la voz humana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Comunicarse con otra u otras por medio de palabras. &lt;em&gt;Ayer hablé largamente con don Pedro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it means to speak. In &quot;háblame&quot;, it is used to invoke &quot;tell me&quot;, in almost the sense of &quot;speak up&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BxLriBU|BxMOE45&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;decir&lt;/a&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Manifestar con palabras el pensamiento. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Asegurar, sostener, opinar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it means to say something on your mind, to give an opinion. In &quot;dime&quot;, it directly and exactly means &quot;tell me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T12:44:22.217" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15848" CreationDate="2016-01-23T15:58:39.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso específico &quot;háblame&quot; se refiere a hablar, o decir algunas palabras; sin embargo &quot;cuéntame&quot; aparte de incluir la acción de hablar se refiere a que se narre o converse sobre un hecho o una historia, lleva el significado adicional de la narración de un evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T15:58:39.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15848" CreationDate="2016-01-23T20:38:23.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When &lt;code&gt;contar&lt;/code&gt; doesn't mean - to count - it means to tell.. specifically a story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Háblame&lt;/code&gt; simply means talk to me, and in some cases - tell me.  For instance, if you were giving someone the cold shoulder, they might get upset and tell you to &quot;Say something!&quot;  The same sense as when you are in class, you raise your hand, and the teacher says &quot;Let's hear what you have to say.&quot;  Or maybe you're relative is on their death bed and you suspect their dying and you frantically ask to &quot;Say something!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuéntame&lt;/code&gt; means you're asking for the story.  For instance, your friend may have just came back from an awesome concert, and you're anxious to hear &lt;strong&gt;what happened&lt;/strong&gt;.  Or, say another friend is upset about something and you say to them &quot;Tell me all about it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The sentences I have put in quotes are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; translations of háblame nor cuéntame.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T20:38:23.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14899" CreationDate="2016-01-23T21:00:58.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it's better to, and more understandable to a beginner/intermediate speaker, to combine the &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;antes&lt;/code&gt; -- &lt;code&gt;antes de&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Before running, I stretch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Antes de correr me estiro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted append this to a clause or something like that, then you could get fancy and use &lt;code&gt;antes de que&lt;/code&gt;.. &lt;code&gt;before [conjugated verb here]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Before I run, I stretch.&#xA;  Antes de que corro me estiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could get even fancier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Joe whines before he has to do anything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Joe grita antes de que tenga que hacer algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antes de&lt;/code&gt; is followed by a verb in the infinitive (not conjugated).&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Antes de que&lt;/code&gt; precedes a clause with a conjugated verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &lt;code&gt;antes&lt;/code&gt; without &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; then it means &lt;code&gt;beforehand&lt;/code&gt;.. and can typically leave a listener/reader anticipating a &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, but if the context is there, then it will make sense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos put on the mittens after grabbing the hot pan from the stove.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're supposed to put them on beforehand!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos se puso los mitones después de agarrar la bandeja del horno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hay que ponerlos antes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T21:11:20.453" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T21:11:20.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2396" CreationDate="2016-01-23T21:35:17.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The fact that you saw this on a sign for a business, which is marketing basically, let's me know that they're attempting to cater to two audiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Those that are familiar with computers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Those that are not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Contraption = Ordenador&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This word comes to mind when I think of an English translation.  As many have already suggested, the word is used geriatricly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the same principle as someone pointing to a computer, and calling it a machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's that contraption/machine hooked up to the TV?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es ese ordenador atado al tele?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternatively&lt;/strong&gt;, I believe that the farther away you are from the United States, the more frequently you will hear &lt;code&gt;ordernador&lt;/code&gt; used as opposed to &lt;code&gt;computador&lt;/code&gt;.  Languages adapt to their surroundings and environments, and México is directly below an English speaking country.  It's safe to say that our use of the word &amp;quot;computer&amp;quot; was adopted by the Spanish spoken nearby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T21:40:21.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-23T22:39:38.273" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you translate into English the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;vamo'a to'&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is taken from song lyrics and the following line is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;no hay control&quot; (there is no control?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the first part is just short for &lt;strong&gt;vamos a&lt;/strong&gt; (let's go...) but I cannot figure out what &lt;strong&gt;to'&lt;/strong&gt; is abbreviating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11784" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T10:38:15.210" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T10:38:15.210" Title="How to translate &quot;Vamo' a to'&quot;?" Tags="&lt;letras&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15856" CreationDate="2016-01-23T23:00:55.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case is &quot;vamos a todo&quot; you can be translated as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;let's go to do everything&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamo'a to'&quot; is a vulgar way of saying :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos a todo&quot;, or &quot;vamos a hacer lo que sea&quot; or &quot;vamos a hacer de todo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T20:08:26.187" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T20:08:26.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15856" CreationDate="2016-01-23T23:06:01.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That &quot;to&quot; is an informal abbreviation for &quot;todo&quot;, where the D is pronnounced as mute (&quot;TO-o&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it would be &quot;vamos a todo&quot; (let's go [and do] everything).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11748" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T23:06:01.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15788" CreationDate="2016-01-24T07:28:17.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I may have answered my own question. The short answer is: Appeal to and research Linguistics!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I Googled &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Spanish+Gender+Assignment+in+an+Analogical+Framework&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&amp;amp;gws_rd=cr&amp;amp;ei=eHikVoTRCsvfmAHzkYDACQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;spanish nouns gender assignment&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; which revealed many Linguistics articles, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1076/jqul.9.1.49.8482&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Gender Assignment in an Analogical Framework&lt;/a&gt; by  David Eddington,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;pp 49-75, Journal of Quantitative Linguistics&#xA;Volume 9, Issue 1, 2002  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/eddingtond/gendernew.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PDF here&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/eddingtond/GENDER.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Draft here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then consult &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;as_sdt=2005&amp;amp;sciodt=0,5&amp;amp;cites=3284449995215418459&amp;amp;scipsc=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Citations of this article&lt;/a&gt; and this article's References (at the end) to find even more Linguistics research, the latter of which is first referenced in the Introduction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previous studies of Spanish gender fall into one of three major categories: 1) In the pedagogical approach (e.g. Bergen, 1978; Bull 1965; Teschner &amp;amp; Russell, 1984), the emphasis is placed on dividing Spanish nouns into masculine and feminine groups based mainly on their final phonemes, and listing the most common exceptions to those groups. This categorization is made to facilitate the acquisition of Spanish as a second language. 2) In the descriptive approach (Teschner, 1983; Rosenblat, 1952), on the other hand, the interest is in finding systematic correspondences between nominal gender and phonological patterns in Spanish words. 3) Generative analyses (e.g. Harris, 1985, 1991; Klein, 1983, 1989) strive to describe gender in terms of a rule system that derives a word's final phoneme(s) given the word's inherent gender and a set of abstract assumptions about the word's underlying structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although each of these analyses may be valid in its own realm of inquiry, none of them have as a goal to determine how native speakers may go about assigning gender when syntactic clues such as gender-marked determiners and adjectives are absent. Given the mentalistic vocabulary often employed in the generative literature (i.e. processes, derive, language acquisition, production, etc.), one could gain the impression that such analyses do explain how native speakers assign gender. (This contrasts with the clearly descriptive goals of the pedagogical and descriptive approaches.) Generative accounts may be elegant representations of linguistic structure, however, their relationship to the psychological mechanisms that play a role in actual language usage is dubious (Chandler, 1993; Derwing, 1973; Eddington, 1996; Lamb, 2000; Skousen, 1975). In addition, some researchers have clearly stated that generative accounts are simply not intended to be taken as models of linguistic performance (c.f. Kiparsky, 1975, p. 198; Chomsky &amp;amp; Halle 1968, p.117; Bradley. 1980, p. 38)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T07:28:17.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15861" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-24T15:36:00.800" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&amp;quot;Él no quiere que ellos cierren la puerta.&amp;quot;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the verb &amp;quot;to close&amp;quot; imperative here? Why wouldn't you just say &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Él no quiere que ellos cierran la puerta.&amp;quot;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be tempted to think &amp;quot;because it hasn't happened yet&amp;quot;, but that is exactly the reason for the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&amp;quot;Él no quiere que tú cierra la puerta.&amp;quot;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive form would be &amp;quot;cierres&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T15:41:12.347" Title="Imperative in secondary verbs (&quot;&quot;Él no quiere que ellos cierren la puerta.&quot;)" Tags="&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-01-24T18:01:10.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15862" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15866" CreationDate="2016-01-25T09:51:38.653" Score="5" ViewCount="1281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard this expression sometimes. For instance, when two friends are going to play something, first one says to the second: &quot;Dale calor primo!&quot;. What does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8969" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T17:31:44.557" Title="What does &quot;Dale calor primo&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15864" CreationDate="2016-01-25T10:13:20.570" Score="9" ViewCount="2451" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep seeing the phrase &lt;em&gt;yo k se, no soy 100tifiko&lt;/em&gt; on Twitter, Facebook and Youtube comments. I understand what means &lt;em&gt;yo que se, no soy ...&lt;/em&gt; It could be something like &lt;em&gt;I don't know, I am not ...&lt;/em&gt;, but I can't figure out what &lt;em&gt;100tifiko&lt;/em&gt; means. I'd appreciate any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advanance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11731" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T08:46:02.393" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:02:29.837" Title="What does &quot;100tifiko&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15863" CreationDate="2016-01-25T11:05:37.223" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;100&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;cien&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cien&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;tífiko&lt;/code&gt; should be slang for &lt;code&gt;científico&lt;/code&gt; which is &lt;code&gt;scientist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So something like &lt;code&gt;I am not a scientist&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8706" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T11:05:37.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15862" CreationDate="2016-01-25T16:35:25.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar calor&quot; would mean to &quot;go ahead with certain emphasis&quot; with whatever affair they are involved in.&#xA;For example when driving, &quot;dale calor&quot; can translate to something like &quot;Floor the gas pedal&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11799" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T16:35:25.963" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15862" CreationDate="2016-01-25T17:31:44.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dale calor primo&lt;/code&gt; it's usually used in a very informal way, normally singed in songs (reggaeton or similar). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is composed for two parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first one, &lt;code&gt;dale calor&lt;/code&gt;; translated as a &lt;code&gt;Come on!&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;give me the power&lt;/code&gt; or similar. In your sentence, it means &lt;code&gt;go ahead&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;do something quickly&lt;/code&gt;. Literally the sentence means: give me heat.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The second part, &lt;code&gt;primo&lt;/code&gt;: it's a very colloquial way to refer someone. It could be translated as a &lt;code&gt;baby&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;guy&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;lad&lt;/code&gt; in english. Literally it is translated as a cousin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can se, it is a very informal way to speak, so it must be taken very carefully this kind of sentences when you translate them, because it depends in the context heavily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helped!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T17:31:44.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15856" CreationDate="2016-01-25T18:33:23.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is like &quot;let's do this!&quot;. We use that phrase in my country more than often, is a common expression in the caribbiean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10968" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T18:33:23.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15863" CreationDate="2016-01-25T20:13:56.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its just a funny way of saying scientific (100=cien + tifico). Just like 1000itar means mil+ital = militar. 3.1416loto means pilot (pi+loto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to always answer a &quot;Pa k kieres saber eso jaja saludos&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These terms are popularized through Instagram and Youtube mainly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11775" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T20:13:56.867" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15872" CreationDate="2016-01-25T20:49:00.747" Score="2" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I posted a answer to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://drupal.stackexchange.com/q/187869/28275&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; at drupal.stackexchange.com and a user has left me the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/187869/show-node-ids-along-with-titles-in-entityreference-autocomplete-list/187896?noredirect=1#comment227788_187896&quot;&gt;comment&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... This is filthy!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I obtain from google the translation as: &quot;Esto es asqueroso !!!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the user says in another comment that the answer to the question it's fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, What's the Spanish expression for 'This is filthy'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:47:16.293" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T23:11:18.073" Title="What's the Spanish expression for 'This is filthy'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15870" CreationDate="2016-01-25T21:53:03.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;This is filthy&quot; is slang. It can't be translated literally. A great page to look up slang terms is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=filthy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;. There, filthy is described as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A word originating in Seattle meaning dope, tight or cool: &lt;em&gt;Damn fool, those shoes are filthy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you're asking for a translation to Spanish. Like most slang words, there will be great differences from a Spanish speaking country to another. Since &quot;filthy&quot; means pretty much the same as cool, it can be translated accordingly. In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15670/if-someone-does-something-interesting-i-might-say-that-it-is-cool-how-does-th&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt; there are some examples regarding how to translate &quot;cool&quot; to Spanish. I like &lt;em&gt;¡Increíble!&lt;/em&gt; for this specific case, although there will unavoidably be considerable nuances lost in translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T21:53:03.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15870" CreationDate="2016-01-26T05:28:16.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Seattle, Washington - ¡Qué padre!&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is filthy&lt;/strong&gt; isn't something that I've ever known or heard to mean &lt;em&gt;this is cool&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;this is awesome&lt;/em&gt;, etcetera.  But, in Seattle, WA, somehow or another, they developed the slang --- This is filthy.  It's used to express &lt;strong&gt;envy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That hat is filthy! - Means the hat is very nice/awesome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other regions of the US, they have even more odd choices of adjectives to use, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;tight&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;sweet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;dope&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;badass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible Spanish equivalents&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué padre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué chido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué copado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T05:40:20.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3863" CreationDate="2016-01-26T05:56:59.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Definite vs Indefinite Articles (&amp;amp; Specificity)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Definite (El / La)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use a definite article, you are literally defining the object.  You are referring to a specific object and not a group of that object.  I don't usually like to say it's just as in English, but it is.  So I'll provide some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The water is in the cup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say this means that you are referring to a particular water source.  Suppose it is raining and you want to talk about it.  Not only did we define the particular water source, but we also defined its container.  -- The cup.  It is a very particular, very specific cup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Indefinite (Un / Una)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The water is in a cup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have unspecified the cup.  This could be &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; cup.  It is an undefined cup now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T05:56:59.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2016-01-26T16:30:03.260" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia we might use the word: CURIOSO. Lindo o bello would be extraordinarily beautiful, bonito would a softer beauty...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11808" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T16:30:03.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-26T21:57:59.287" Score="4" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to translate the sentence &lt;em&gt;keep confidential information&lt;/em&gt;.  Which should I use, &lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;resguardar&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11813" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T08:49:51.720" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T11:43:55.943" Title="Difference between &quot;guardar&quot; and &quot;resguardar&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15876" CreationDate="2016-01-26T23:46:45.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;em&gt;keep&lt;/em&gt; make references to &lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mantener&lt;/em&gt;, the translation could be &lt;em&gt;mantenga la información confidencial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mantener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OH45BSY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. manu tenēre 'tener en la mano'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conjug. c. tener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Conservar algo en su ser, darle vigor y permanencia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Proseguir en lo que se está ejecutando. Mantener la conversación, el juego.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Sostener un torneo, una justa, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Der. Amparar a alguien en la posesión o goce de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Perseverar, no variar de estado o resolución.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De guarda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Tener cuidado de algo o de alguien, vigilarlo y defenderlo. Guardar un campo, un rebaño. Guardar a un niño.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Poner algo donde esté seguro. Guardar dinero, joyas, vestidos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Observar o cumplir aquello a lo que se está obligado. Guardar la ley, la palabra, el secreto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Mantener&lt;/strong&gt;, observar. Guardar silencio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="8966" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T23:53:16.013" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T23:53:16.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15870" CreationDate="2016-01-27T05:25:05.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, we'd say, ¡Qué mugre!, meaning &quot;What filth!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that might be strong enough to express the concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out more here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=mugre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;at Wordreference.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love that site because not only do they detail different countries, but there are often entries in the forum if you scroll down that give you an even better idea through users' questions and answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11816" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T05:25:05.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15876" CreationDate="2016-01-27T06:21:45.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be &quot;resguardar información confidencial&quot; since you'll be actively doing it - keeping it safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Guardar&quot; is used when you put something away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11809" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T06:21:45.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15876" CreationDate="2016-01-27T08:16:10.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Guardar&lt;/code&gt; is the perfect translation to &lt;code&gt;save&lt;/code&gt;, means exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: I have to save my sculpture in a better place&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debo guardar mi escultura en un sitio mejor*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand you have &lt;code&gt;resguardar&lt;/code&gt;, which means to &lt;code&gt;put something in safeguard&lt;/code&gt;. The translation depends on the context you use it, so it could be translated as: &lt;code&gt;guard&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;shelter&lt;/code&gt; or even &lt;code&gt;save&lt;/code&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: I need to put in safeguard my car to protect them from wind storm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo que salvaguardar (proteger, mantener) mi coche para protegerlo del &gt;temporal de viento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Resguardar&lt;/code&gt; is normally used when you want to protect some object of any external factor to safeguard it from the damage or avoid their spoil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, I would use save or protect (to emphasize that the information is important, save maybe isn't enough powerful in this case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it clarify more your mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11352" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T11:43:55.943" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T11:43:55.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15882" CreationDate="2016-01-27T14:39:14.513" Score="3" ViewCount="881" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been taking Spanish lessons through Duolingo and came across a question where a girl says &quot;I sleep alone and eat alone.&quot; and you are asked to select the options for which is correct. It gave two answers that it says are correct: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Yo duermo sola y como sola.&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt;-- I chose this one.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Yo duermo solo y como solo.&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt;-- but this one was also listed as correct&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can either gender properly say either of those statements? Or should feminine/masculine speakers use their appropriate adjectives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11821" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:04:51.937" Title="Masculine vs feminine adjectives when used with first person verbs" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15881" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:04:51.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish the 90% of adjectives has masculine and feminine gender. If you are a male, you have to choose the second option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo duermo solo y como solo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are female you have to choose the first one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo duermo sola y como sola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the most difficult things for foreigners, choose the right gender appropriately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll try to give you a useful clue that will help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gender male: adjective normally ends with &lt;code&gt;-e&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-i&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-o&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-u&lt;/code&gt; (in singular) and &lt;code&gt;-es&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-is&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;-os&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;-us&lt;/code&gt; (in plural). In your case (assuming that you are a male, you have to choose one of this, &lt;code&gt;solo&lt;/code&gt; to be exact)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Female gender: adjective normally ended with &lt;code&gt;-a&lt;/code&gt; (in singular) and &lt;code&gt;-as&lt;/code&gt; (in plural).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want more information I can edit the post and give you some examples or expand some parts to give you more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:04:51.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2016-01-27T22:51:03.110" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene tanto alcance como la forma en inglés, pero es cada vez más común en los foros de internet ver la expresión &lt;strong&gt;RPV&lt;/strong&gt; (resumen para vagos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11748" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T22:51:03.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2016-01-28T11:09:37.263" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mayoria de acrónimos (OMG, WTF, WP, ec), por no decir todos, tienen origen inglés, de manera que es muy complicado encontrar un sustituto de un acrónimo al español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí se puede hacer es desplegar y traducir el acrónimo, ver su significado en su lengua original y traducirlo o adaptarlo a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, tl;dr, como bien has dicho viene a decir (&lt;em&gt;too long; didn't read&lt;/em&gt;), que viene a decir literalmente: demasiado largo, no lo he leído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según he podido leer, tuvo un origen despectivo, refiriéndose a que si un mensaje o párrafo era demasiado largo, el destinatario no lo iba a leer por ser demasiado largo. Con el paso del tiempo, el significado ha evolucionado, para referirse a un breve resumen antes de un párrafo largo, que desarrolla la idea introducida en dicho resumen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría extender, como bien has dicho, a resumen, sumario, cabecera o similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Too_long;_didn&amp;#39;t_read&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Too_long;_didn't_read&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T00:34:31.527" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T00:34:31.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15887" CreationDate="2016-01-28T21:47:02.843" Score="1" ViewCount="1240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I learned about locations, like &quot;a la izquierda&quot; and &quot;a la derecha.&quot; I noticed that to state where something is, like &quot;los&#xA;libros,&quot; you would say something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los libros está a la derecha de el escritorio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I got a worksheet that states that &quot;estar&quot; itself is used when describing location, which I infer they mean that &quot;estar&quot; would be used like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi casa estar en una zona muy bonita. W&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which example is correct? Can &quot;estar&quot; be used at all when relating to location?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between the way &quot;está&quot; is used with location and the way &quot;está&quot; is used when describing where a person is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11123" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T12:30:17.520" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T12:30:17.520" Title="The verb &quot;estar&quot; and its correct forms" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15886" CreationDate="2016-01-28T22:06:38.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estar is the infinitive form, notice that because ends with &lt;code&gt;-ar&lt;/code&gt; (which indicates first conjugation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentences has a few mistakes, first of all:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los libros está a la derecha de el escritorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Libros&lt;/code&gt; are the subject of the sentence, so there are in the plural form (&lt;code&gt;libro&lt;/code&gt; is singular and &lt;code&gt;libros&lt;/code&gt; plural), this indicates the verb to stay in plural form. The second little mistake is to contract &lt;code&gt;de + el&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt; Like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los libros están a la derecha del escritorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, the subject is &lt;code&gt;casa&lt;/code&gt; (one, so it's singular). The verb remains in the singular form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi casa está en una zona muy bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that I've also corrected the verb tense (as I said, estar is infinitive). This is a normal mistake when anybody learns spanish. Verbal tenses are much different than english and it's difficult to get used and involved in that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll add you some extra information in order to try to explain the verbal tenses better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every verb (except the irregular ones) follows the following rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1st conjugation (for example cantar(&lt;em&gt;to sing&lt;/em&gt;) in present:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1st person of singular: Yo canto (&lt;em&gt;I sing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2nd person of singular: Tu cantas (&lt;em&gt;You sings&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3r person of singular: El/Ella canta (&lt;em&gt;He/She sings&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1st person of plural: Nosotros cantamos (&lt;em&gt;We sing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2nd person of plural: Vosotros cantáis (&lt;em&gt;You sing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3r person of plural: Ellos/Ellas cantan (&lt;em&gt;They sing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this rule you can conjugate every regular verb tense, because all of them follow the same structure (second conjugations are the ones which infinitive ends with &lt;code&gt;-er&lt;/code&gt; and the third conjugation with &lt;code&gt;-ir&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this paragraph has been useful for you and If you need some extra information just ask and I will edit this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; There's no difference between &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt; refered to persons and refered in places or locations if the verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; has the meaning of position (as &lt;code&gt;to stay&lt;/code&gt;). If you are using &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; as a emotional or to transmit feelings (&lt;code&gt;to be&lt;/code&gt;) of course there is a big difference and you cannot use &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in places. In your case you are using &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in the meaning of location. The person is to the right or to the left and the house also can be located to the right or to the left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot use: La casa está triste (&lt;em&gt;The house is sad&lt;/em&gt;)/Estoy triste (&lt;em&gt;I'm sad&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can use: La casa está a la derecha (&lt;em&gt;The house is in the right side&lt;/em&gt;)/Mi amigo está triste (&lt;em&gt;My friend is sad&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T22:38:34.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15889" CreationDate="2016-01-29T00:30:09.530" Score="3" ViewCount="16885" Body="&lt;p&gt;On StackOverflow, posters often say something like, &quot;Please excuse me for my poor English.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the Spanish version of the site, I sometimes want to write something similar. Which of the following would be preferred:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpeme por mi español bastante mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdoneme por mi español bastante mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something else altogether?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T00:02:20.860" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T00:02:20.860" Title="Which is a better way to say &quot;pardon me for my bad Spanish&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2016-01-29T02:19:07.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disculpe(n) mi pobre español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I favor &lt;code&gt;disculpar&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;perdonar&lt;/code&gt; since it is a &quot;mild&quot; offense. To me &lt;code&gt;perdonar&lt;/code&gt; has the connotation that you are looking for forgiveness while &lt;code&gt;disculpar&lt;/code&gt; convey that you are just apologizing in advance for a minor inconvenience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdoneme por mi español bastante mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that &quot;bad&quot; (malo/a) needs to agree with the noun &quot;español&quot;, which is masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T02:19:07.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T02:44:19.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They're not talking about the difference between &quot;z vs s&quot;, they're talking about the pronunciation of the letter &quot;S&quot; in Spain vs Mexico, well it's not too hard to explain, in Mexico the S is pronounced like the English one, at the end, at the beginning the pronunciation never changes, the Spaniards pronounce the letter S as a sound between sh and S of the English, it's more intermediate; and South Americans pronounce it aspirated like an H letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11829" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T02:44:19.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3609" CreationDate="2016-01-29T04:04:13.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el norte de México especialmente en Monterrey, he escuchado que dicen &quot;Voy anca abuelita&quot; además los mexicanos usamos mucho el diminutivo especialmente si se refiere a la abuela, decir ABUELA suena muy tosco para muchos mexicanos y se opta por &quot;abuelita&quot; que es con más cariño, la primera vez que fui a Miami y escuche a mis amigos cubanos decir abuela me parecía como con falta de respeto pero ya me acostumbré a oírlo de esa manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11830" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T21:19:23.860" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T21:19:23.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2016-01-29T05:03:51.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way to say it is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor disculpeme por mi pobre español. (&quot;Please excuse me for my poor Spanish.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor disculpeme, mi español es muy pobre. (&quot;Please excuse me my Spanish is poor.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor disculpeme, mi español es muy malo (&quot;Please excuse me my Spanish is very bad.&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11831" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T13:06:35.327" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T13:06:35.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15894" CreationDate="2016-01-29T07:13:50.470" Score="12" ViewCount="28170" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/aplicacion-alternativa-a-app/&quot;&gt;La recomendación de la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; es no abreviar y usar «aplicación» o, si se quiere abreviar, hacerlo de una forma más ¿española? y abreviarlo como «apli».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo es «app» lo que se sigue usando en la lengua corriente, así que, hasta que nos hayamos adaptado a las recomendaciones de la Fundéu, ¿cuáles os parece que deben ser los determinantes para «app»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque partamos de la base de que es una palabra femenina (por su traducción al español, no porque en inglés lo sea), no deja de ser una palabra que empieza por /a/ tónica. ¿Debería seguir el patrón de «el agua»? &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustantivos_femeninos_que_empiezan_por_a-_o_ha-_t%C3%B3nicas&quot;&gt;Las únicas excepciones&lt;/a&gt; al cambio de artículo son los nombres propios (y no todos) y los nombres de letras, condiciones que «app» no cumple. Tampoco he podido encontrar otros monosílabos comenzados por /a/ para comparar: «aj», «as» y «haz» son masculinos, y no parece que haya más, a no ser que se me escape algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las búsquedas de Google no ayudan mucho puesto que, aunque es innegable que el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/trends/explore#q=el%20app%2C%20la%20app%2C%20un%20app%2C%20una%20app&amp;amp;cmpt=q&amp;amp;tz=Etc%2FGMT-1&quot;&gt;artículo «la» es el preferido&lt;/a&gt;, la preferencia se invierte con el indeterminado «un» sobre «una».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Debería aceptarse que el artículo femenino se ha asentado como norma &lt;em&gt;de facto&lt;/em&gt; para «app»? ¿O debería respetarse la norma del cambio de artículo? ¿Ideas? ¿Se me ha pasado algo por alto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2021-03-14T21:50:25.790" Title="¿El o la app? ¿Un o una app?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2016-01-29T08:19:55.337" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es &lt;em&gt;una aplicación&lt;/em&gt; (en femenino). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición y la explicación vienen de hace años, cuando aún no existía el &lt;em&gt;boom&lt;/em&gt; que ha sufrido el mundo de la telefonía y del desarrollo web y de aplicaciones. Según el Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aplicación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;applicatio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de aplicar o aplicarse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Afición y asiduidad con que se hace algo, especialmente el estudio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Ornamentación ejecutada en materia distinta de otra a la cual se sobrepone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Inform. Programa preparado para una utilización específica, como el pago de nóminas, el tratamiento de textos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Mat. Operación por la que se hace corresponder a todo elemento de un &gt;conjunto un solo elemento de otro conjunto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, antes de usar el término aplicación a cualquier programa web o para &lt;em&gt;smartphone&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra ya existía y se usaba en femenino. Actualmente se ha acomodado dicha palabra a los nuevos significados que adquiere, pero sin cambiar el género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de usar la abreviación &lt;em&gt;app&lt;/em&gt;, la explicación sigue siendo la misma, ya que aplicación y &lt;em&gt;app&lt;/em&gt; se refieren al mismo concepto, y por tanto el género se mantiene invariable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T13:32:24.993" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T13:32:24.993" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2016-01-29T09:49:12.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disculpas, no hablo bien español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discúlpeme, es que no hablo muy bien el español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discúlpeme, es que no sé hablar bien español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11833" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T12:30:55.953" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T12:30:55.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2016-01-29T10:33:19.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mismo artículo de la Fundéu que citas te da la respuesta: si te fijas, en su recomendación escriben &lt;em&gt;una apli&lt;/em&gt;, aun cuando &lt;em&gt;apli&lt;/em&gt; empieza por a tónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo es que usamos la misma forma de artículo que usaríamos en la palabra sin apocopar; puesto que &lt;em&gt;aplicación&lt;/em&gt; es femenina y comienza por a átona, decimos &lt;em&gt;una aplicación&lt;/em&gt; y, de ahí, &lt;em&gt;una apli&lt;/em&gt;. Si preferimos usar el apócope inglés &lt;em&gt;app&lt;/em&gt;, el mismo razonamiento nos lleva a &lt;em&gt;una app&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, no es demasiado raro escuchar alguna persona que pronuncia &lt;em&gt;una apepé&lt;/em&gt;, como si &lt;em&gt;app&lt;/em&gt; fueran las siglas de algo. Pero esto ya se va de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T10:33:19.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2016-01-29T14:32:06.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad podría ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se trata de poner un cohete en la Luna (o en Marte)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es simplemente una migración de la base de datos. No es que vayamos a poner un cohete en la Luna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A diferencia de las otras sugerencias, tipo &quot;no hace falta ser un genio/superlisto/etc.&quot; esta expresión se refiere más a la &quot;dificultad&quot; material que a la capacidad intelectual de quien tiene que tratar con el problema en cuestión* y además mantiene la analogía o referencia a la &lt;em&gt;rocket science&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; En el fondo la expresión es &quot;This is not rocket Science&quot; y no &quot;You don't need to be Einstein&quot; o &quot;You don't need to be the smartest guy in the world&quot; o incluso  &quot;You don't need a PhD in Rocket Science&quot;. Aunque una cosa y otra van de la mano en este contexto, una cosa matizar es la dificultad de la tare y otra la capacidad intelectual de quien debe realizarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T08:52:57.533" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T08:52:57.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13670" CreationDate="2016-01-29T14:39:12.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posible traducción de &quot;dummies&quot; o &quot;dummy&quot; podría ser &lt;code&gt;negados&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QLyJE1g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;negado/a&lt;/a&gt; tiene la connotación de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incapaz o totalmente inepto para algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser usada como adjetivo o sustantivo y viene a significar lo contrario de &quot;tener un talento natural para cierta materia&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un negado para las matemáticas. Por más que estudio no apruebo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un negado para bailar. Pareciera que tengo dos pies izquierdos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los dardos se me dan bien pero para el billar soy un negado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &quot;XXX for Dummies&quot; podría traducirse como &quot;XXX para &lt;strong&gt;negados&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, es decir, para gente a la que el XXX siempre se les ha dado mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T14:39:12.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T22:22:37.060" Score="5" ViewCount="561" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos meses, se hizo esta pregunta: &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra más larga en español que no repite ninguna letra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un comentario pregunté si sería mejor usar el subjuntivo —es decir, emplear &lt;em&gt;repita&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;repite&lt;/em&gt;— pero nadie que fuera hispanoparlante contestó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, aquí repito la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T23:46:00.917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T23:46:00.917" Title="¿Se debe usar el indicativo o el subjuntivo en esta pregunta?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15870" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:11:18.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si en argentina decis: ¡Qué padre! ¡Qué chido! ¡Qué copado! se van a dar cuenta que no sos argentino, esos términos no se usan.&#xA;Al ser una expresión cambia según el pais en el que te encuentres, latinoamérica varia mucho en ese sentido, cada pais tiene expresiones propias.&#xA; Filthy en el caso de argentina se diria que asco, que sucio, que mugre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11842" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T23:11:18.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15863" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:18:49.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas frases, &quot;yo ke no soy un 100tifiko&quot; y &quot;Pa k kieres saber eso jaja saludos&quot;, surgieron de respuestas a una pregunta en &quot;Yahoo Answers&quot;, página en donde alguien escribe cualquier tipo de pregunta y la gente contesta (similar a ésta pero de temática abierta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien lo subió a las redes sociales y se hizo &quot;viral&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, nadie dice: &quot;1000itar&quot; o &quot;3.1416loto&quot;, por lo menos no aquí en Argentina. &quot;3.1416loto&quot; hasta me costó entender a qué se refería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11842" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T01:37:11.487" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T01:37:11.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15657" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:28:44.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Español neutro le decimos en argentina. Es casi odioso de escucharlo. Poco tiene que ver con el español empleado en latinoamerica y españa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11842" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T23:28:44.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15899" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:36:42.507" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En términos más técnicos, &quot;que no repite ninguna letra&quot; es una proposición subordinada adjetiva en función de complemento de &quot;palabra&quot; (en inglés, &lt;em&gt;a restrictive clause&lt;/em&gt;). A partir de ello, pueden encontrarse muchas referencias online sobre el uso del subjuntivo en subordinadas adjetivas. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=Evbo6YFpX3cC&amp;amp;pg=PA115&amp;amp;lpg=PA115&amp;amp;dq=subjuntivo+en+complemento+de+nombre&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Gtz6svBjKN&amp;amp;sig=NpBDxbn1B8jG-Md9aCEgIm3LWMA&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjX7LbnlNDKAhVE0RQKHbacBGMQ6AEIPTAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=subjuntivo%20en%20complemento%20de%20nombre&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este libro&lt;/a&gt; se explica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El indicativo representa al antecedente como algo o alguien existente y definido [...]. En el subjuntivo, el antecedente se representa como algo o alguien inexistente, dudoso o/e inconcreto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en tu ejemplo, si se quiere dar la idea de que el antecedente (&quot;palabra&quot;) es una palabra concreta, se debe usar el indicativo. Ello tendría sentido pues se pide no una palabra cualquiera, sino &quot;la más larga&quot;. Si en cambio se quiere expresar la idea de que la palabra podría ser cualquier palabra, esto es, algo indefinido, se deberá usar el subjuntivo. Ello también tiene sentido ya que, al momento de hacer la pregunta, la palabra aun se desconoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, ambas opciones son válidas, con una pequeña diferencia que no afecta al significado general de la pregunta. Como nativa, puedo asegurar que ambas suenan igual de correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para una mayor comprensión del uso del subjuntivo en subordinadas adjetivas, véase &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15178/subjuntivo-vs-indicativo-estaci%C3%B3n-que-me-sirve-sirva/15179#15179&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; (en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15178/subjuntivo-vs-indicativo-estaci%C3%B3n-que-me-sirve-sirva?lq=1&quot;&gt;Subjuntivo vs Indicativo: &quot;estación que me sirve/sirva&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T00:20:34.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15432" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:38:09.833" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En argentina lo usamos para las fechas unicamente. Si de plata se refiera si decis mil nueve estan diciendo 1009. Y si decís mil nueve veinte se esta diciendo 1920, al igual si decis mil novecientos veinte, pero la primera forma no es utilizada habitualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11842" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T23:38:09.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T23:57:11.570" Score="1" ViewCount="449" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si es correcto decir: “&lt;em&gt;¿Qué quieres? → a Emma&lt;/em&gt;.”&#xA;¿Se puede usar la forma indirecta para contestar esta pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11843" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T23:51:30.577" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T00:36:45.767" Title="¿Se puede usar el indirecto para contestar a “qué”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2016-01-30T07:56:32.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Venezuela, y también conocemos el término &quot;Paquete Chileno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El folklore popular indica que el origen ocurre hace varias décadas, durante el éxodo de ciudadanos chilenos que, debido a conflictos políticos, se radicaban en (este caso) Venezuela. Algunos de ellos eligieron dedicarse a estafar a los locales, ofreciéndoles supuestos &quot;paquetes&quot; que contenían un bien valioso (joyas, divisas extranjeras, un cheque al portador, etc.) con el pretexto de tener una urgencia o de verse imposibilitados de usar el contenido. Le ofrecían al local entregarle la misma a cambio de un precio muy inferior, a lo cual el incauto local accedía considerándolo una excelente negociacion. El chileno se iba, y el local trataba de hacer uso del mencionado paquete, encontrando que solo contenía papel periódico o un cheque de goma. Muchas veces el hecho de que el chileno en cuestion fuese de piel blanca y tuviera un acento sureño jugaba un papel clave en el poder de convencimiento, estafa que, en cambio, sería muy difícil de realizar por un local de piel obscura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11846" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T06:36:25.363" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T06:36:25.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15914" CreationDate="2016-01-30T12:33:48.733" Score="3" ViewCount="1048" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, many words are composed of two nouns, e.g., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el suelo del bosque - the forest floor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el salto de agua - the waterfall  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la copa del árbol - the tree top&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that I sometimes confuse &quot;de&quot; and &quot;del&quot; here, as I cannot find a rule or reason behind. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason why either is chosen, or do I need to learn these subtle differences by heart?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And btw, does anybody now if there's a correct gramamtical term how these composed expressions are called?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T16:36:27.467" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T13:19:19.263" Title="What is the rule/reason behind usage of &quot;de&quot; vs &quot;del&quot;" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15909" CreationDate="2016-01-30T13:29:08.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; is used for what the thing is made of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El suelo de bosque&lt;/em&gt;. (It means that the floor is made of forest.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; is used when both things are in the same place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El suelo del bosque&lt;/em&gt;. (Describing the floor as a part of the forest.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T13:29:08.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15913" CreationDate="2016-01-30T13:34:54.510" Score="3" ViewCount="1619" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot find meaning of &quot;de más&quot; in dictionary. Trying to translate this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y lo que opinen los demás está &lt;strong&gt;de más&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning?&#xA;It is from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVSA2CEIQ7U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;song of Mecano - Mujer Contra Mujer&lt;/a&gt;, if you need more context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="226" LastEditorUserId="226" LastEditDate="2019-08-25T11:12:31.247" LastActivityDate="2019-08-25T11:12:31.247" Title="Meaning of &quot;de más&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15911" CreationDate="2016-01-30T13:52:30.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;está de más = sobra&lt;/em&gt;. (It's unnecessary.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está de más&lt;/strong&gt; decir que... = &lt;strong&gt;es innecesario&lt;/strong&gt; decir que...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;— llevaré las maletas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está de más&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; hacer eso = pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;es innecesario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; hacer eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T13:52:30.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15911" CreationDate="2016-01-30T14:02:35.717" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Cbumyr3WLD6Afn24Wr&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.10. &lt;strong&gt;de más&lt;/strong&gt;. [...] Locución adverbial que significa ‘de sobra, en demasía’: «Las cosas se amontonan... porque sobran... hay de más» (Pavlovsky Pablo [Arg. 1987]). Forma parte, asimismo, de locuciones verbales como &lt;em&gt;hablar de más&lt;/em&gt; (‘decir cosas inconvenientes’): «Uno de los conjurados habló de más» (Clarín [Arg.] 17.2.97); y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar de más&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (‘sobrar o estorbar’): «Bibi estaba de más en su vida» (Contreras Nadador [Chile 1995]). En todos estos casos se escribe en dos palabras. No debe confundirse con &lt;em&gt;demás&lt;/em&gt; (‘(lo) restante’; → &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=F6EAJxg3MD6nqBy21x&quot;&gt;demás&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As RAE explains, &quot;de más&quot; generally means to be &quot;left&quot; or &quot;left over&quot;, sometimes referring to an excess of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un plato &lt;em&gt;de más&lt;/em&gt; por si viene una visita inesperada = There's a spare dish just in case we have  unexpected guests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the expression &quot;estar de más&quot;, it means to &quot;bother&quot; or &quot;disturb&quot;, generally used as an innuendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás &lt;em&gt;de más&lt;/em&gt; aquí = You're bothering here (you shouldn't be here).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the author is saying that everything people may say will just bother/upset him or her, thus emphasizing the pointlessness of paying attention to gossip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T14:18:19.193" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T14:18:19.193" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15909" CreationDate="2016-01-30T17:17:08.227" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; this is a list I made myself, so there may be things missing. I tried to include the most common situations, so don't take this as an exhaustive and fully comprehensive guide for when to use &quot;de&quot; and when to use &quot;del&quot; with compound names. That said, below is a list of situations when the article is required or not with some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;No article:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When speaking of materials:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Mesa de madera (wooden table)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Lata de hojalata (tin can)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Escultura de hielo (ice sculpture)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Abrigo de pelo (fur coat)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;With flavours:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Tarta de chocolate (chocolate cake)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Salsa de gambas (shrimp sauce)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;With seasons and months:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Vestido de primavera/verano/otoño/invierno (spring/summer/autumn/winter dress)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Primera quincena de febrero (first fortnight of February)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;With a genre or theme:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Película de terror (horror movie)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Canción de amor (love song)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Cine de autor (auteur cinema)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When speaking of emotional displays:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Saltar de alegría (to jump with/for joy)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Lágrimas de impotencia (tears of impotence)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Ataque de ira (anger outburst)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Mueca de dolor (wince)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Some fixed expressions:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Fondo de armario (wardrobe basics; wardrobe essentials)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Informe de errores (error report)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Servicio de habitaciones (room service)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Comida de empresa (business lunch; company lunch)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Fiesta de despedida (farewell party)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Bodas de oro (golden anniversary)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Cuesta de enero (January’s uphill battle)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Grito de guerra (war cry)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Fin de semana (weekend)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Article:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When describing a part of something else:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Pata de la mesa (table leg)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Puerta de la cocina (kitchen door)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Valle del río (river valley)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Proa del barco (boat’s stern)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Mango del cuchillo (knife handle)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;With days:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Prisas de los lunes (Monday rush)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Bajón de los domingos (Sunday blues)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases, an article is added in the situations in the first part when the noun is specified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La primera quincena de Febrero es especialmente dura = the first fortnight of February is specially tough.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;But&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La primera quincena &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; Febrero &lt;em&gt;de 1998&lt;/em&gt; fue especialmente dura = the first fortnight of February 1998 was especially tough.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in the first case of the second part (a part of something else), the article can be omitted when the noun is unspecific:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una pata de mesa debe ser resistente = a table leg must be resistant.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;But&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La pata de &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mesa &lt;em&gt;de mi habitación&lt;/em&gt; es resistente = my room’s table leg is resistant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this isn't always true: &quot;valle de río&quot; is always wrong, either if it is a specific valley or an unspecific one. When the article can be omitted and when not seems to be arbitrary, and hence dependant on each single case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in your sentences &quot;el suelo del bosque&quot; fits into &quot;a part of something else&quot;; &quot;el salto de agua&quot; fits both in &quot;materials&quot; and &quot;fixed expressions&quot;; and &quot;la copa del árbol&quot; fits into &quot;a part of something else&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T13:19:19.263" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T13:19:19.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15906" CreationDate="2016-01-30T20:05:40.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Qué quieres?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;-A Emma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es incorrecto si se interpreta el verbo &amp;quot;querer&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;amar&amp;quot;, mientras que en el sentido de &amp;quot;qué deseas&amp;quot; estaría bien. Por otra parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿A quién quieres?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;-A Emma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es correcto en cualquier caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siguiente podría parecer correcto en estructura pero no tendría ningún sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Qué quieres?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;-Emma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A Emma&amp;quot;, aunque parezca un complemento indirecto, es en realidad directo. Los complementos directos referidos a una persona &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.profesorenlinea.cl/castellano/CDirecto.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suelen llevar la preposición &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;CONCLUSIÓN&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo querer es muy utilizado, por lo que tiene múltiples significados. Si lo interpretas como &amp;quot;amar&amp;quot; lleva &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;a alguien&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y si lo interpretas como &amp;quot;desear&amp;quot; lleva &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;a algo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (aquí &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; puede ser un nombre de persona, en cuyo caso iría introducido por &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;). En el caso de ser una pregunta, la primera acepción exigiría la preposición obligatoriamente (¿A quién quieres?), mientras que en su segunda acepción la preposición puede omitirse (¿Qué quieres?). Puede resultar una falta de respeto tratar a una persona como un objeto, pero podría darse si el que formula la pregunta no sabe si la respuesta va a ser una persona o un objeto. El resto de significados de &amp;quot;querer&amp;quot; tendrán cada uno su interpretación, supongo que se aprenderá a usar cada uno con la práctica (yo tuve que hacer eso mismo en francés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11775" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T00:36:45.767" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15919" CreationDate="2016-01-30T21:30:28.037" Score="3" ViewCount="1226" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a non-native speaker who is trying to learn basic Spanish. I am currently using Fluencia as my method to acquire the knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that the site sometimes offers &quot;en la mañana&quot; and &quot;en las mañanas&quot; as acceptable answers for &quot;in the morning.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume that they do not create much significance. However, I am still curious to learn which one is the more common, and thus, the more &quot;acceptable&quot; phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8355" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:09:21.213" Title="¿En la mañana o en las mañanas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15917" CreationDate="2016-01-30T21:37:01.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being from Spain, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;por la mañana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; sounds more natural to me. If I had to choose between &quot;en la mañana&quot; or &quot;en las mañanas&quot; I would choose &quot;en la mañana&quot;, but I guess both would be correct, maybe one is more suitable in one context than the other. But here in Spain we say &lt;em&gt;&quot;por la mañana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, maybe &quot;&lt;em&gt;en la mañana&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is from Latin America, but I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11775" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T05:04:44.333" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:04:44.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15917" CreationDate="2016-01-30T22:10:58.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Pablo explains, &quot;por la mañana&quot; or &quot;por las mañanas&quot; sound more natural to Spanish speakers. The difference in meaning between them is almost non-existent except for its usage in certain contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por las mañanas&lt;/strong&gt; is used to talk about habits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por la mañana&lt;/strong&gt; can be used to both talk about habits and specific actions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salgo a correr por la mañana&lt;/em&gt; means just the same thing as &lt;em&gt;Salgo a correr por las mañanas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (I run in the morning)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer salí a correr por la mañana&lt;/em&gt; cannot be reworded as &lt;em&gt;Ayer salí a correr por las mañanas&lt;/em&gt; (Yesterday I ran in the morning) because you aren't describing a habit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T05:03:20.647" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:03:20.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15922" CreationDate="2016-01-30T23:29:45.397" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm in &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; country, therefore I'll speak Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the emphasis is on 'your'. How would this translate to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:05:14.590" Title="How does one emphasize something in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2016-01-31T00:18:31.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker and say it as you want, &quot;Discúlpeme&quot; and &quot;perdóneme&quot; are applied the same in this case, you can either say &quot;Perdóneme por mi mal español&quot; or &quot;Discúlpeme por mi mal español&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also this other word which means the same as &quot;discúlpeme&quot; and &quot;perdóneme&quot; and is &quot;Dispénseme&quot; and of course some more variations of this depending on the region. I'm from Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11854" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-01-31T10:04:22.263" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T10:04:22.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15920" CreationDate="2016-01-31T02:20:18.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With a big accented TU. (Like you were about to shout it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy en TU país, por lo tanto hablaré Español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T13:05:14.590" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:05:14.590" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15925" CreationDate="2016-01-31T07:56:13.040" Score="7" ViewCount="10017" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been watching a Spanish telenovela to practice my Spanish comprehension. I was hoping Español de España would be easier for me to understand, but no such luck. The word &lt;code&gt;vale&lt;/code&gt; is used a lot. When I looked it up, it said it was common in Spain for OK. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find out what was the literal meaning of the word. Is it just a conjugation of &lt;code&gt;valet&lt;/code&gt; or slang?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T02:46:00.477" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T09:47:41.970" Title="The origin of &quot;Vale&quot; for OK" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15923" CreationDate="2016-01-31T09:00:28.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally, it means worth, something of value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also mean coupon, voucher, receipt, I.O.U, etc...  So how does &lt;code&gt;vale&lt;/code&gt; come to also mean &lt;code&gt;okay&lt;/code&gt;?  I don't know exactly, but I can speculate. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English has a plethora of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_proposed_etymologies_of_OK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etymologies for Okay&lt;/a&gt; so it's worth noting that it's probably harder to translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Okay&lt;/a&gt; into Spanish.  For what it's worth, I think that the word &lt;code&gt;savvy&lt;/code&gt; is closer to &lt;code&gt;vale&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;but only in it's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/webhp?q=pirates%20savvy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pirate context&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add insult to injury, you'll might also run into people that say &lt;code&gt;sale&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;vale&lt;/code&gt;.  I have even heard them used together &lt;code&gt;sale vale&lt;/code&gt;.  Then again, those instances came about at the end of a question?  I'm not sure if you can get away with just saying &lt;code&gt;Sale&lt;/code&gt; as if you were saying OK to a statement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T09:00:28.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15923" CreationDate="2016-01-31T10:29:35.037" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term was originally used to say &quot;Good bye&quot;, &quot;greetings&quot; or any other valediction (by the way, it's worth to note &quot;valediction&quot; comes from &quot;vale&quot; and &quot;diction&quot;: to say good bye). This meaning dates back to Latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale &quot;farewell!,&quot; second person singular imperative of valere &quot;be well, be strong&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=valediction&quot;&gt;Etymonline&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Already existing in Latin, it was used in Spain a couple of centuries ago to say &quot;good bye&quot; to someone and to close a letter. It's interesting to note that the last word of Don Quixote is &quot;Vale&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...pues no ha sido otro mi deseo que poner en aborrecimiento de los&#xA;  hombres las fingidas y disparatadas historias de los libros de caballerías, que, por las de mi verdadero don Quijote, van ya tropezando, y han de caer del todo, sin duda alguna. &lt;strong&gt;Vale.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fin.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later on, &quot;vale&quot; obtained the connotation of closing something, as when leaving. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=36434&quot;&gt;CVC forum&lt;/a&gt;, the academic Fernando Lázaro Carreter explains in his book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=s1bjK8ghw04C&amp;amp;pg=PT46&amp;amp;lpg=PT46&amp;amp;dq=Aparte+su+abusiva+y+tonta+reiteraci%C3%B3n,+el+invento+es+bueno.+Se+ha+forjado+sobre+el+ya+vale+(o,+simplemente,+vale)+con+que+pedimos+que+se+interrumpa+una+acci%C3%B3n+en+curso:+(Ya)+vale+de+bromas;+No+eches+m%C3%A1s,+vale;+Vale,+no+sigas.+De+este+empleo+(que,+por+cierto,+no+recoge+el+Diccionario),+se+ha+extendido+al+moderno+fernando+lazaro+carreter&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=fJNOfb-Rag&amp;amp;sig=Yh95_e45V6fD69CLyN4hXTjfnHY&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjv6r256tPKAhXCPBQKHTfwCp4Q6AEIJDAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot;&gt;El dardo en la palabra&lt;/a&gt; that the term was used some time ago (around the 70's) to tell someone to stop doing something. Then, the term gained its new meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se ha forjado sobre el &lt;em&gt;ya vale&lt;/em&gt; (o, simplemente, &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;) con que pedimos que se interrumpa una acción en curso: «(Ya) vale de bromas»; «No eches más, vale»; «Vale, no sigas». De este empleo [...], se ha extendido al moderno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, it isn't hard to imagine how the meaning of &quot;vale&quot; as a interjection shifted from &quot;closing&quot;, &quot;ending&quot; or &quot;conlusion&quot; to mean &quot;agreement&quot;. When  dealing, the second part may say &quot;vale&quot; to what the first part proposed, thus saying that the deal is sealed or closed. Hence the meaning of &quot;vale&quot; as &quot;okay&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, the term developed from Latin &lt;em&gt;valere&lt;/em&gt; or Spanish &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;, but nowadays it's lost the meaning of being &quot;valuable&quot; or &quot;worth&quot;, so it shouldn't be considered a form of the verb &quot;valer&quot;, but rather a mere interjection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bIEq7WY&quot;&gt;Vale&lt;/a&gt; 1. &lt;em&gt;interj.&lt;/em&gt; U. para expresar asentimiento o conformidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Interestingly, there seems to be an alterantive meaning, just as common as the aforementioned, that the RAE does not include. As Lázaro Carreter explains (see link above), &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; is also used as an interjection to interrupt an ongoing action or express there's enough of something, commonly found embedded in other expressions such as &lt;em&gt;así vale, ya vale&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vale ya&lt;/em&gt;, and previous to the sense commented here. Such meaning doesn't fit with the idea of &quot;agreement&quot; or &quot;conformity&quot;. Whether this second sense of the term is related to the verb &lt;em&gt;valere&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; (i.e., being enough value of something) or not, is hard to tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-01-31T20:47:00.643" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T20:47:00.643" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15934" CreationDate="2016-01-31T12:16:00.850" Score="0" ViewCount="2559" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;it's&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No vale mucho – It’s not worth much  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No, no vale la pena – No, it’s not worth it   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No es lo mismo – It’s not the same  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es todo lo que necesito – It's all I need&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do some sentences use &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;it's&lt;/code&gt; and other omit &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; altogether.&#xA;How do I know when to use &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T00:05:32.227" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T00:05:32.227" Title="How to use &quot;es&quot; in Spanish as a translation for &quot;it's&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15926" CreationDate="2016-01-31T12:28:55.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because some constructions in English can't be literally translated into Spanish. (Also converse.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The classic &lt;em&gt;it's not worth it = no vale la pena&lt;/em&gt; is not translated with the &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other expressions can also be translated with or without the &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;it's true = es cierto&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;cierto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly, you'll learn how to remove the &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; as a part of phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T12:28:55.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12742" CreationDate="2016-01-31T17:25:24.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is used in both ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express emphasis: &lt;em&gt;&quot;pero de corazón&quot;&lt;/em&gt; which could be roughly translated as &lt;em&gt;&quot;not in a light or meaningless way, but truly&quot;&lt;/em&gt; It's also similar to &lt;em&gt;&quot;pero de verdad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or as the english &quot;in spirit&quot;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Nací en Sevilla, pero soy gaditano de corazón&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (I'm from Seville, but in spirit, I'm from Cadiz).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is in the context. In this case I think &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo soy de España pero de corazón&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm truly from Spain not only because I was born in Spain but because I really feel spanish&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8805" LastEditorUserId="8805" LastEditDate="2016-01-31T22:21:32.470" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T22:21:32.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16541" CreationDate="2016-01-31T20:22:09.150" Score="20" ViewCount="3015" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (and also in Latin, and most of Romance languages, too) the present &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; is formed by a kind of &lt;strong&gt;swapping&lt;/strong&gt; the indicative &lt;strong&gt;endings&lt;/strong&gt; between the verb declension classes: the 1st class (-a-) takes the indicative endings from the 2nd class (-e), and the 2nd and 3rd class (-i-) take the indicative endings from the 1st class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OlaxR.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OlaxR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QUESTION&lt;/strong&gt;: Is it only coincidental, or is there something deeper behind it? Something like &quot;as the subjunctive often expresses uncertainty, let's make the verbs sound weird by deliberately using a wrong set of endings to emphasize that we are not sure&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's clear that nowadays the endings are just inherited from the language history, but is there any theory about the origin of this particular coincidence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="11155" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T14:37:00.760" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T13:39:29.590" Title="Is there something deeper behind the &quot;verb classes swapping&quot; of the subjunctive endings?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15947" CreationDate="2016-01-31T20:38:49.517" Score="5" ViewCount="879" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_verbs#Mood&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article on Spanish verbs&lt;/a&gt; (as of 31.01.2016) states that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Spanish conditional, although semantically expressing the dependency of one action or proposition on another, is generally considered a &lt;strong&gt;tense of the indicative mood&lt;/strong&gt;, because, syntactically, it can appear in an independent clause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is inconsistent with what I have learned about (non-Spanish) grammar in general - I have always considered &lt;em&gt;Conditional&lt;/em&gt; as a &lt;em&gt;mood&lt;/em&gt; (together with Indicative, Subjunctive and Imperative) and not as a &lt;em&gt;tense&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, the justification in the quoted Wikipedia article &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;because, syntactically, it can appear in an independent clause&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does not sounds persuasive enough due to the fact that the &lt;em&gt;Imperative&lt;/em&gt; also matches the same criteria - it can easily appear in an independent clause, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tráeme el libro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and still Imperative is considered a mood and not a tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QUESTION&lt;/strong&gt;: What is the &lt;em&gt;official&lt;/em&gt; classification of Conditional in Spanish (a &lt;em&gt;mood&lt;/em&gt; or a &lt;em&gt;tense&lt;/em&gt;) and how is it justified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastActivityDate="2021-03-08T15:51:03.900" Title="Is Conditional in Spanish a Tense or a Mood?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15935" CreationDate="2016-02-01T00:29:14.983" Score="2" ViewCount="349" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a technical linguistic term for this? It seems unusual to use two nouns, 'day', and 'Saturday', back to back. Where can I learn more about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11869" OwnerDisplayName="user6309" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T17:08:50.933" Title="Why do they say 'un día domingo' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15931" CreationDate="2016-02-01T12:09:25.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;And there are many other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El planeta Marte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El juez González&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El abuelo Pedro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La nave &amp;quot;Rosita&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La reina Isabel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a common and simple grammatical procedure called &amp;quot;juxtaposition&amp;quot; . You can search for &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;sustantivos yuxtapuestos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, two nouns together without nexus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T17:08:50.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15931" CreationDate="2016-02-01T12:56:21.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been taught at school this construction is called &lt;strong&gt;aposición&lt;/strong&gt;. Here, &quot;domingo&quot; would be a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;complemento de nombre en aposición&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; of &quot;día&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/terminos-linguisticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aposición&lt;/a&gt;. Construcción en la que un sustantivo o un grupo nominal complementa directamente, sin nexo expreso, a otro sustantivo o grupo nominal. La aposición puede ser especificativa, como en &lt;em&gt;Tu amigo el frutero ha venido a verte&lt;/em&gt;; o explicativa, como en &lt;em&gt;María, la hermana de juan, llamó ayer&lt;/em&gt;. Por extensión, se consideran aposiciones los casos en que un sustantivo lleva como complemento otro sustantivo introducido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; y entre ambos existe una relación de identidad: &lt;em&gt;la ciudad de madrid&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el mes de enero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;un día domingo&quot; would be an &quot;aposición especificativa&quot; because it's specifying which day it is that your are talking about (i.e, a Sunday).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;aposiciones&quot; are commonly found with titles (señor Pérez, presidente Fulano, capitán Garfio), geographical features (río Ebro, monte Everest), professions (Pedro el frutero), family members (mi primo Juan), proper names (tarta Sacher), etc. So they are pretty common in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more about &quot;aposiciones&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/07/ejemplos-de-aposicion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (only in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe they are commonly known in English as &lt;em&gt;appositives&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;apposition&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&amp;amp;q=appositive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apposition&lt;/a&gt;: A construction in which a noun or noun phrase is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both having the same syntactic relation to the other elements in the sentence; for example, &lt;em&gt;Copley&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;the painter&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;The painter Copley was born in Boston&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T15:11:40.300" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:11:40.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15926" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:02:13.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's also about the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;It's all I need =&amp;gt; **It** is all I need =&amp;gt; **Esto/eso** es todo lo que necesito&#xA;&#xA;Is all I need =&amp;gt; Es todo lo que necesito&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can omit the Subject or the &lt;strong&gt;Objeto directo&lt;/strong&gt; if the context makes clear what you're talking about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the Subject this is called &quot;Sujeto Eliptico&quot; meaning the subject can be derived from the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;He's coming tomorrow =&amp;gt; Él viene mañana =&amp;gt; Viene Mañana.&#xA;&#xA;Those flowers are beautiful =&amp;gt; Esas flores son bonitas =&amp;gt; Son bonitas (when you talking about las flores)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1669" LastEditorUserId="1669" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T19:45:42.383" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T19:45:42.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15931" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:11:52.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We normally use that expression when talking about the day without specifying the exact date. It's a way to refer to the day in a generic way. It could be any sunday of the year, no specific time of the year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11862" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:11:52.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15936" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15938" CreationDate="2016-02-01T14:08:39.487" Score="2" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example if I wanted to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I would develop a system that would make kids want to learn',&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'desarrollaría un sistema que haría los niños quieren aprender.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the correct sentence is supposedly &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'desarrollaría un sistema que haría &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; los niños quieren aprender.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the purpose of the &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; here. Under what circumstances is this grammar structure used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11863" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T23:57:15.843" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T19:25:43.110" Title="Under what circumstances would I use &quot;que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-01T14:28:42.023" Score="4" ViewCount="1567" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy un estudiante que está sacando AP Spanish en mi último año de escuela secundaria. Si no es obvio, el español no es mi primer idioma, y por lo general el nivel de AP es una de las asignaturas más difíciles para mí en el momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es simple, y en el título-- no entiendo totalmente la diferencia entre &quot;fuera&quot; y &quot;afuera&quot; (o &quot;a fuera&quot;, porque pienso que he visto esa también) y pensé que este fue el mejor lugar para discutirlo en la manera más adecuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con suerte,&#xA;Ken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11864" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T15:18:56.060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T17:26:29.190" Title="¿Fuera vs. Afuera?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15936" CreationDate="2016-02-01T15:13:51.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaningful translation is: &quot;Desarrollaría un sistema que haga que los niños quieran aprender&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you need to use the correct verb mood (present tense of subjunctive mood). Look at &quot;Haga&quot; and &quot;Quieran&quot; forms. Both are present of subjunctive mood from &quot;Hacer&quot; and &quot;Querer&quot;, respectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, as a rule, subjunctive mood should have normally the relative pronoun &quot;que&quot;, for example, &quot;que yo haga&quot;, &quot;que yo quiera&quot;, etc. &lt;strong&gt;This is to express wish&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When subjunctive mood is used with the conjunction &quot;si&quot;, to express condition, normally past tense subjunctive mood is used, for example, &quot;si yo hiciera&quot;, &quot;si yo quisiera&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn more of subjunctive mood in several places over the internet, for example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbmoods/a/when_to_use_subjunctive.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/verbmoods/a/when_to_use_subjunctive.htm&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-02T22:47:20.053" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T22:47:20.053" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15931" CreationDate="2016-02-01T15:39:18.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Día domingo&lt;/em&gt; is not &lt;em&gt;day Saturday&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;day Sunday&lt;/em&gt;, which makes a big difference! I believe the origin and reason why it sounds natural is in Latin where the full name for Sunday is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Dominica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dies Dominica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which means the Day of the Lord. So the current Spanish noun for &lt;em&gt;Sunday&lt;/em&gt; is actually a former &lt;em&gt;adjective phrase&lt;/em&gt; &quot;of the Lord&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:39:18.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15926" CreationDate="2016-02-01T15:41:25.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All languages have different ways to express things, influenced especially by people culture, so you cannot translate literally from one language to another. You need to add cultural variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;It’s not worth much&quot; may be literally translated as &quot;No es mucho valer&quot;. This could be understood, however, correct translation should be &quot;No vale la pena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other classic example that comes to my mind is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The more you read, the better your vocabulary becomes&quot;. Literally, &quot;lo más que tú lees, lo mejor tu vocabulario es&quot;. That does not have any sense in Spanish. For that English construction, the correct translation would be: &quot;Mientras más leas, mejor será tu vocabulario&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:41:25.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15936" CreationDate="2016-02-01T17:13:28.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note: this is what I’ve been taught in high-school. Generally, grammar in high-school isn’t &lt;em&gt;too&lt;/em&gt; accurate, but I hope it'll do here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tl;dr&lt;/strong&gt;: you need a &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; to mark a change in the subject. It's optional in the cases where the subject of the subordinate is present (both as a subject or as an object) in the main clause, being necessary if the subordinate clause is finite, and unnecessary if it's nonfinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;strong&gt;pretty much all finite (personal) subordinate clauses require an introductory “que” in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;. Sometimes that “que” works as a pronoun, and others it is just a linker with no semantic content. The sentence at hand would be an example of the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, it is note-worthy that if you translated your sentence to Spanish word by word, you’d get something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desarrollaría un sistema que haría a los niños querer aprender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how the verb “want” is an infinitive in English, not an inflected form. This is made evident by changing the subject to a third person singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would develop a system that would make her want [not wants] to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the literal translation is that whereas it is quite common to add a subject to impersonal forms in English, it is not so in Spanish. The only case where a verb in its impersonal form would take a subject in Spanish is when &lt;strong&gt;the subject in the main clause is the same as the one in the subordinate clause&lt;/strong&gt;, so it becomes an implicit subject, or &lt;strong&gt;when there’s a noun or a pronoun in the main clause that marks the subject of the subordinate clause&lt;/strong&gt;. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero cantar. (I want to sing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero que cantes. (I want you to sing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, the subject of the main clause (&amp;quot;quiero&amp;quot;) is “yo”, so the subordinate verb (“cantar”) is in an impersonal form (an infinitive) with the same implicit subject (&lt;em&gt;I want [me] to sing&lt;/em&gt;). In the second case, the subject of the subordinate clause is “tú”, which is not the same as the one in the main clause (“yo”). Since impersonal forms can only take subjects that are present in the main clause, and given that “tú” isn’t present in “quiero”, you must use a personal form (“cantes”), even though you would use an impersonal form in English (“to sing”). Now let’s take a look at a different and grammatically relevant example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría cantar. (I’d like to sing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría que cantes. (I’d like you to sing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject of the main clause is the same in both sentences: the subordinate clause (keep in mind in Spanish, the subject of the verb “like” is the object liked, not the one who likes). In the first sentence the subject of the impersonal form of the verb “cantar” is an implicit “yo”. Here, the subject of the main clause isn’t “yo”; however, the personal pronoun “me” works as a marker of the implicit subject of the subordinate clause. That’s why you can use an impersonal form. In the second sentence, there’s no pronoun whatsoever marking the subject of the subordinate clause (“tú”, “te”), so an impersonal form wouldn’t work here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you now when you need to use the impersonal form of the subordinated verb and when not to. Once you know you need to conjugate it, you also know you need a “que” working as a linker (see the first paragraph).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the sentence you want to translate is a specially complicated one. Grammarians disagree about the function of subordinate clauses introduced by the verbs “hacer” and “dejar”. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15719/funci%C3%B3n-de-entrar-en-no-dejaron-entrar-a-los-ni%C3%B1os&quot;&gt;I actually asked a related question not too long ago&lt;/a&gt;, and from the answers I got it seems some grammarians consider it to be a &lt;em&gt;complemento predicativo&lt;/em&gt;. I don’t fully agree with that, but what I can say for sure is that &lt;strong&gt;it is not a direct object&lt;/strong&gt;. However, the aforementioned rule applies: if there’s any pronoun/noun in the main clause marking the subject of the subordinate one, or both clauses have the same subject, then you can use an impersonal verb form and therefore you don’t need a “que”. Otherwise, you need a personal form and therefore you need a “que”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentence, if translated literally (i.e., keeping the verb impersonal), isn’t grammatically wrong because you have mentioned the implicit subject of the subordinate clause (los niños) in the main clause (&amp;quot;a los niños&amp;quot;, which can be substituted by “les”). However, it doesn’t sound just as natural as the conjugated version (which requires a “que”, as explained above):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desarrollaría un sistema que haría que los niños quieran aprender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T19:25:43.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15936" CreationDate="2016-02-01T17:20:48.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is an &lt;em&gt;if/then&lt;/em&gt; sentence with a subordinate clause. These are conjugated with the conditional in the &quot;if&quot; phrase and the subjunctive in the &quot;then&quot; phrase, like this (from the accepted answer):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Desarrollaría un sistema que haga &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; los niños quieran aprender.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but you ask &quot;why the second &lt;em&gt;que?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; This is a relative pronoun (according to the accepted answer), which is just any personal pronoun that introduces a relative phrase. &lt;em&gt;(There are different ways of classifying grammar. According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smbv.sz.uni-erlangen.de/course/szfau-smbv/grammar/grammar/section4/page1_en.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some sources&lt;/a&gt; it is a demonstrative pronoun. In any case, it is a general linguistic thing called a &quot;determiner&quot;.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;an example in english with a relative phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;The cyclist &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; won the race trained hard.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object &lt;em&gt;the cyclist&lt;/em&gt; is an object of the verb of both phrases. You could imagine spelling it out: &lt;em&gt;&quot;The cyclist &lt;strong&gt;who&lt;/strong&gt; won the race, &lt;strong&gt;he&lt;/strong&gt; trained hard.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;relative pronoun&lt;/em&gt; passes that object to the subordinate phrase. So really, this example is kinda like an &lt;em&gt;if/then&lt;/em&gt; phrase with the order reversed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's reshape this into the same form as the spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;He should have trained hard, &lt;em&gt;whoever&lt;/em&gt; it was &lt;code&gt;that&lt;/code&gt; won the race.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that, compared to where this started, we now have an extra verb. Just as in the spanish sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the &quot;that&quot; immediately after &quot;it&quot; in the same phrase? Why is the second pronoun &quot;that&quot; needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same reason as it is in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="11732" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T19:54:39.900" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T19:54:39.900" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15917" CreationDate="2016-02-01T19:32:04.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about something that happens usually 'in the morning', it happens several days in the mornings, and so you can construct a phrase like &quot;en las mañanas&quot;: &quot;En las mañanas de los domingos hay mercado en la plaza&quot;. But exactly the same meaning is conveyed by &quot;En la mañana de los domingos hay mercado en la plaza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, if you are talking about a single thing that happened in one morning, you have no other choice than to use the singular form: &quot;El accidente ocurrió el día 3 en la mañana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as noted by Pablo and Yay, it sounds more natural in some regions to use &quot;por la(s) mañana(s)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-10-27T05:09:21.213" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T05:09:21.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15917" CreationDate="2016-02-01T19:40:36.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Chile, and for me, natural form is &quot;en la mañana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T19:40:36.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15936" CreationDate="2016-02-02T00:03:29.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;That... Which!&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty much anytime, in English, where you'd use the word &lt;code&gt;which&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;that&lt;/code&gt;, you would use &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; in your translation/interpretation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It's a fool-proof method, though, I never recommend using English as a basis for understanding Spanish, unless it actually seem relevant / has some kind of linguistic similarity&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to think of it, though it may be a bit advanced, but if you need to create a &lt;strong&gt;subordinate clause&lt;/strong&gt;, then you're going to need to use &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; to initiate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T00:03:29.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15930" CreationDate="2016-02-02T00:31:32.207" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is one of the many great debates in the Spanish language, and is really a result of two quite different uses of the conjugation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iría a clase si no lloviese/lloviera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly indicates something that is not occurring, will not occur, and has not occurred.  Thus, one could make a solid argument for a non-indicative mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you also have statements like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dijo que iría a clase a las ocho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the event had not yet occurred at the moment that &lt;em&gt;dijo&lt;/em&gt; occurs, it is presumed that it will happen and in fact is fully interchangeable with the definitively indicative phrase &lt;em&gt;iba a ir&lt;/em&gt;.  If it's 100% interchangeable with the indicative, it must also be indicative, the thought would go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still others look to the syntactical nature.  Subjunctive can't be used generally without a main clause, most grammarians will point out, but the restriction isn't absolute: exhortative subjunctive is still alive and well in the form of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; commands, and all negative commands, and also in formal Spanish.  Some grammarians will argue that in reality, such constructions have an implicit indicative clause like &quot;(quiero que) no me hables&quot;, but I'm less convinced, as in subordinate clauses proclisis is mandatory, but &quot;hábleme&quot; is perfectly grammatical with enclisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some grammarians, on similar lines, will ague for our against conditional's status based on its ability to be used in the main clause, but others will say that in such cases, there's really just an implicit clause in the subjunctive, e.g., &quot;yo iría (si fuese así)&quot;.  But, the subjunctive is seen as being the dependent that attaches to an independent, so despite requiring an additional phrase (which would make it seem dependent/subordinate) it gets analyzed as independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another analysis combines both the conditional and the future into present-y/past-y forms of a different mood: the potential because they express the capacity for doing things now or down the line and because they form etymologically from the same verbal periphrasis, just in different tenses (inf. + present of haber = future; inf. + old imperfect of haber = conditional).  I personally subscribe to this view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this is to say that the conditional occupies a very odd place in Spanish grammar, and defining the conditional as one thing or another will be heavily dependent on how you define a number of &lt;em&gt;other&lt;/em&gt; parts of the Spanish language.  To wit, here is how the Royal Spanish Academy introduces the conditional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15a&lt;/strong&gt; Es tradicional la polémica en torno a si el condicional (&lt;strong&gt;cantaría&lt;/strong&gt;) es un tiempo del indicativo o un modo verbal.  Se suele aceptar hoy la primera opción […] Aun así, es oportuno recordar que el condicional no expresa solo situaciones orientadas en relación con el momento del habla o con otro punto que se tome como eje, sino también contenidos no factuales (§ 25.1c) supeditados a situaciones hipotéticas, lo que se deduce de su orientación prospectiva.  Se ha señalado que el hecho de que las oraciones formadas con este tiempo sean proposiciones supeditadas a otras impide otorgarles con nitidez un valor de verdad, más claramente incluso que a las construidas en futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; treats it as being a part of the indicative, it also recognizes that that is not an absolute position (in other words, &quot;let's agree to disagree, but this is the terminology we're using because we need to settle on one for a 2000 page book, and we'll point out problems with it as they come up&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T23:54:21.337" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T23:54:21.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15937" CreationDate="2016-02-02T07:40:10.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is exactly the same. Both have the same meaning, which indicates something that is outside or the direction that you'll follow. You can translate it as a: &lt;code&gt;out&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;outisde&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;away&lt;/code&gt; or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pelota está fuera de la casa (&lt;em&gt;The ball is outside the house&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos fuera esta noche (&lt;em&gt;We're going out tonight&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add an &lt;code&gt;-a&lt;/code&gt; at the beginning, to form &lt;code&gt;afuera&lt;/code&gt;. However, this is a very colloquial and informal form which is not very common in writings despite of being common in spoken language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T17:26:29.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15937" CreationDate="2016-02-02T08:59:46.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Copio el fragmento que hay en Fundéu (asesoradapor la RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según señala el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, con verbos de&#xA;  movimiento explícito o implícito los adverbios de lugar fuera y afuera&#xA;  (‘hacia el exterior’) se emplean indistintamente, especialmente en&#xA;  España: &lt;em&gt;Si quieres pelear, vete afuera/fuera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con verbos de estado y en casos sin verbo, con el significado de ‘en&#xA;  el exterior’, se prefiere en España el uso de fuera: &lt;em&gt;Pedro está&#xA;  fuera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Fuera, en la calle, hace mucho calor&lt;/em&gt;. En el español de&#xA;  América, sin embargo, se emplea también afuera: &lt;em&gt;Lo que pase afuera no&#xA;  nos interesa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, afuera puede ir precedido de las preposiciones de,&#xA;  desde, hacia, hasta, para o por, pero nunca de la preposición a. Así,&#xA;  lo adecuado sería de puertas afuera y no de puertas a afuera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si por ti fuera (verbo) usaría siempre fuera, afuera lo solemos usar como se menciona en el tercer apartado del Diccionario panhispánico de dudas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como sustantivo, se usa en plural con el sentido de ‘periferia,&#xA;  alrededores de una población’. Con verbos de estado, el complemento&#xA;  adverbial puede ir precedido indistintamente por las preposiciones en&#xA;  o a: &lt;em&gt;Vivía en las afueras de Malinalco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlaces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/afuerafuera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/afuerafuera/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=afuera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=afuera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2016-02-02T09:17:12.033" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T09:17:12.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15937" CreationDate="2016-02-02T09:01:41.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This issue is explained in the links in the comments. I'm posting this question as a translation of the entry in the RAE regarding &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=afuera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot; vs &amp;quot;afuera&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afuera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adverb of place that, with verbs of movement, both explicit or implicit, means &amp;quot;to the outside&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;outwards&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;exiting the place where the speaker is or is referring to&amp;quot;: «No, primero acompáñame afuera» (No, first walk/escort/accompany me outside); «Lucas vuelve a mirar afuera» (Lucas looks outside again). &lt;strong&gt;In Spain&lt;/strong&gt;, the adverb &amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot; is also frequently used to express an outward moving: «Continúo empujando hasta que salimos fuera» (I keep pushing till we are outside). It is also frequently used even though there's no reference to movement, with the meaning of &amp;quot;outside the place where one is or one is referring to&amp;quot;, although such use is more frequent &lt;strong&gt;in Latin America&lt;/strong&gt; than it is in Spain. In Latin America, &amp;quot;afuera&amp;quot; is used when normally &amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot; would be used: «Se oyeron sonidos afuera» (We heard noises outisde/Noises were heard outside). It may be preceded by the prepositions &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; (of, from), &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt; (from), &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt; (towards), &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; (until), &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; (for, in order to) or &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; (for, because of), but never the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, which is already included in the adverb &amp;quot;afuera&amp;quot; (the correct expression is not &amp;quot;de dentro a fuera&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;de dentro afuera&amp;quot;: inside out). &lt;strong&gt;In Spain&lt;/strong&gt;, when preceded by a preposition, the form &amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot; is more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Latin America&lt;/strong&gt;, in a colloquial register, it isn't rare to find &amp;quot;afuera&amp;quot; followed by a complement introduced by &amp;quot;de&amp;quot;: «Sacó el balón afuera del campo de juego» (He/she took the ball out of the field). However, this usage is generally frowned upon by learned speakers and the RAE advises to avoid it in formal contexts; in these cases &amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot; is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a noun, the plural is used to mean &amp;quot;the outskirts&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;las afueras&amp;quot;). With verbs of state, the adverbial complement may be introduced by either &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;: «Vivía en las afueras de Malinalco» (He/she lived on the outskirts of Melanco); «Ya casi estamos a las afueras del pueblo» (We are almost on the outskirts of the village).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, &amp;quot;afuera&amp;quot; is used when there's movement implied. Otherwise, use &amp;quot;fuera&amp;quot;. Also, there are differences in usage in Latin America vs Spain. Depending on where you are at, you will hear different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T10:25:46.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15952" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15953" CreationDate="2016-02-03T04:34:47.903" Score="3" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;I take a beginners spanish course in school and came across this blip one day. I was trying to describe a girl in a photo wearing pink socks as &lt;em&gt;la niña lleva calcetines rosas&lt;/em&gt;. My teacher then said that I would have to change the &lt;em&gt;rosas&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;rosa&lt;/em&gt; because it didn´t sound natural, then came to the realization that all color adjectives naturally ending in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; stay singular regardless of the noun they are attached to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We didn't get the time to corroborate the theory with non-color adjective as it was the end of class, but does it apply to all feminine, i.e. &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; ending adjectives? Or is the theory correct for all such color adjectives in the first place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: I believe the question I had unknowingly duplicated had the same essence as mine did, but the answers on the use of the noun/adjective &lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt; did not answer my  question from the perspective of &lt;em&gt;feminine adjectives&lt;/em&gt;, at least from what I understood of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11611" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:44:46.960" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:44:46.960" Title="Gender-Number Agreement with Feminine Adjectives" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-26T10:25:03.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15952" CreationDate="2016-02-03T06:07:08.047" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends a bit on the dialect and is rooted in the type of word that &lt;em&gt;rosa&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;marrón&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;carmesí&lt;/em&gt; really is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a speaker naturally says &lt;em&gt;dos cosas rosa&lt;/em&gt;, thev they are actually using a juxtaposed noun. Nouns need not agree with other nouns, especially given that there tends to be an implied phrase that's highly context sensitive and that normally leaves the other noun singular (for example, with colors, &lt;em&gt;dos cosas &lt;sub&gt;(de color)&lt;/sub&gt; rosa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many speakers, the terms are/can become lexicalized as adjectives, at which point they also begin to agree in number and gender where morphologically possible and you would get &lt;em&gt;dos cosas rosas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example of this outside of colors, you can look to the term &lt;em&gt;clave&lt;/em&gt;. Originally you would see &lt;em&gt;palabras clave&lt;/em&gt;, but over time, &lt;em&gt;palabras claves&lt;/em&gt; has become more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr&lt;/strong&gt; it's fine in both singular (juxtaposed noun) and plural (lexicalized as adjective) forms, but dialectal usage may prefer one over another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Editor's note: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Does it apply to all feminine, i.e. -a ending adjectives?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; No.  The set of adjectives that are sometimes used without agreement (such as &quot;rosa&quot; and &quot;clave&quot;) is small.  The standard rule about agreement of number and gender almost always applies, without regard for dialect or region or personal preference.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:39:41.770" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T11:39:41.770" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15936" CreationDate="2016-02-03T14:28:34.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without &quot;technical&quot; complexity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'I would develop a system that would make kids want to learn',&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is what would do? &#xA;I would develop a system = Desarrollaría un sistema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is will this system would make?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;kids want to learn = que los niños quieran aprender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then add the relation (would make) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desarrollaría un sistema &lt;strong&gt;que haga&lt;/strong&gt; que los niños quieran aprender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to say the same thing could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desarrollaría un sistema que haga &lt;strong&gt;a los niños desear aprender&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This form is correct but is not common to speak like this. It sounds like a bad translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11880" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T14:28:34.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15926" CreationDate="2016-02-03T14:41:32.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why do some sentences use es for it's and other omit es altogether. How do I know when to use es?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the meaning is different. The meaning of &quot;es&quot; is &quot;is&quot;, not &quot;it's&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es lo mismo = (eso/esto/aquello, etc) no es lo mismo = It is not the same. This is not the same. That is not the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the meaning of &quot;is&quot; in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in: No vale mucho = It has not much value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is not &quot;is&quot; in the strict meaning. The expression &quot;it’s not worth much&quot; is a common way to say that someting has not much value, what is the way of saying it in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11880" LastEditorUserId="11880" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T15:16:41.880" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T15:16:41.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2016-02-03T15:07:17.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate &quot;Please excuse me for my poor English&quot; as&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disculpen, no se mucho español.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;or&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Disculpen, el español no es mi lengua materna.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Disculpen, hablo un poco de español pero me queda mucho por aprender.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In translation, it is imortant not trying to translate exactly the as in the original language but in the way peapole talks.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The translations proposed in the other responses are all strictly correct and anyone will understand you. But in general people does not speak like this.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;First. In english you almost always adds &quot;please&quot; when you asks for something. In spanish it is not common. You only use please (por favor) when the other person really will need to do something for you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Second, you should use &quot;perdón&quot; when you are sorry for hurting someoane or for breaking the granny's vase. In this case, it is better to &quot;scuse&quot; saying &quot;disculpe&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then, I thing it is better:&#xA;Disculpen, no se mucho español.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note conjugation of the second person (you) is different in Latin America and Spain. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Latin America:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;you excuse me &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Between friends:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;if one person -&gt; tu discúlpame&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;if many persons -&gt; ustedes discúlpenme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In formal speaking:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;if one person -&gt; usted discúlpame&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;if many persons -&gt; ustedes discúlpenme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Spain:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Between friends:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;if one person -&gt; tu discúlpame&lt;br&gt;&#xA;if many persons -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;vosotros disculpadme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In formal speaking:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;if one person -&gt; usted discúlpame&lt;br&gt;&#xA;if many persons -&gt; ustedes discúlpenme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;... and remember that in spanish all the nouns has genere. And the language names are &quot;male&quot;. Then español is &quot;malo&quot;, not &quot;mala&quot;. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11880" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T15:07:17.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15957" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15959" CreationDate="2016-02-04T21:50:50.630" Score="2" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huevos_verdes_con_jam%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Huevos Verdes Con Jamón&lt;/a&gt;, there is a line that reads &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Ramón - &quot;¿Podrías comerlos con una cabra?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Unnamed Protagonist - &quot;No podría, &lt;strong&gt;¡Palabra!&lt;/strong&gt;  comerlos con una cabra.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &quot;palabra&quot; typically means &quot;word&quot;, but that doesn't make sense here.  I assume that the speaker is expressing frustration (similar to how he says &quot;¡basta ya!&quot; elsewhere in the book), but I'm not sure if there's more meaning or nuance than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11891" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T08:37:31.150" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T08:37:31.150" Title="What does ¡palabra! mean as an interjection?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-08-30T08:37:24.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15957" CreationDate="2016-02-04T22:10:19.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Given that &lt;strong&gt;Green Eggs and Ham&lt;/strong&gt; is a children's book originally written and published in English, in the United States, I'd say yeah, the meaning from your linked question is the same..&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point is that your question stems from a Spanish translation of American English poetry.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Dr. Seuss' poetry is well known for it's brevity in incessant repeating rhythms, and I'd say that using &lt;code&gt;¡Palabra!&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Te lo prometo&lt;/code&gt; as a translation for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not, &lt;strong&gt;would not&lt;/strong&gt;, eat them with a goat!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No podría &lt;strong&gt;¡Palabra!&lt;/strong&gt; comerlos con una cabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Degraded down to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not, &lt;strong&gt;I tell you&lt;/strong&gt;, eat them with a goat!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...is the best translation to use because &lt;code&gt;palabra&lt;/code&gt; rhymes best with &lt;code&gt;cabra&lt;/code&gt; in some unaccountable syllabic way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To translate it literally would shatter the rhythm that the translator has created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No podría !No lo haría! comerlos con una cabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I guess it would work if you used an animal that ends in &lt;code&gt;ía&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To beat a dead horse, like Dr. Seuss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Palabra = &amp;quot;I tell you, I say!&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;think &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foghorn_Leghorn#In_other_media&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Foghorn Leghorn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; :)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This usage shows up in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RUl938s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, if you're looking for solid research and not my ramblings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palabra.&lt;/strong&gt; Interjección usada para garantizar la verdad de lo que se afirma.&#xA;(=interjection used to guarantee the truth of what is being asserted)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T23:03:30.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15963" CreationDate="2016-02-05T03:52:47.073" Score="6" ViewCount="11272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native Spanish speaker that lives in the US. I don't get to practice often, but I do alright with my skills. But I'm not good at knowing words for specific hobbies/industries. I am working on a project where I need to know the Spanish terms for common poker things/situations. Can anyone provide insight into the following poker terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flush&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Straight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suited (not like the name of the suits, but like &quot;I have two cards of the same suit&quot; or &quot;I have suited cards&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full House&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jack (like the name of the card. I know there's &quot;reyes&quot; and &quot;reinas&quot; but I have no idea what you call a Jack)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please note&lt;/strong&gt; that I need the poker terms for these, not direct translations of the words. Like I know how to translate a &quot;full house&quot; literally but I doubt that's the actual poker term in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T14:14:43.407" Title="Poker terms in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15960" CreationDate="2016-02-05T04:48:32.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great list from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pocketfives.com/f7/poker-terms-spanish-20594/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cards&lt;/strong&gt;: cartas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blinds&lt;/strong&gt;: a ciegas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Small Blind&lt;/strong&gt;: el ciego pequeño&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Big Blind&lt;/strong&gt;: el ciego grande&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chips&lt;/strong&gt;: fichas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Button&lt;/strong&gt;: el botón&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pre-flop:&lt;/strong&gt; ronda inicial de apuestas (just say pre-flop though)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flop&lt;/strong&gt; = &quot;flop&quot; just use the english word for flop, turn, and river&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raise:&lt;/strong&gt; aumentar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fold:&lt;/strong&gt; doblar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Call:&lt;/strong&gt; ver&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bet:&lt;/strong&gt; apostar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limit Poker:&lt;/strong&gt; póquer limitado&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NL Holdem:&lt;/strong&gt; holdem ilimitado&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pot Limit:&lt;/strong&gt; limite de pozo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 pair:&lt;/strong&gt; dos pares&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;straight:&lt;/strong&gt; escalera&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;flush:&lt;/strong&gt; colores&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T04:48:32.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15960" CreationDate="2016-02-05T07:25:38.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flush&lt;/strong&gt;: Color&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Straight&lt;/strong&gt;: Escalera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suited&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Del mismo palo&quot;, literally &quot;of the same suit&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full House&lt;/strong&gt;: Full&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jack&lt;/strong&gt;: Jota (like the letter J). In the Spanish deck, it's called Sota though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11748" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T07:25:38.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15960" CreationDate="2016-02-05T08:17:23.757" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not agree with the other answers, specially with the gender. They seem literally taken from google translator. As a native speaker and player of Poker I can answer with this vocabulary from the basics of Poker:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cards: cartas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blinds: ciega&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Small Blind: ciega pequeña&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Big Blind: ciega grande&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chips: fichas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pre-flop: it does not have translation, the same word is used as in english (pre-flop)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flop: same as in english (flop)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;River: river (same as in english)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Raise: aumentar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fold: retirarse (big fail of other answers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call: igualar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bet: apostar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Limit Poker: póquer limitado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jackpot: bote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muck: cartas descartadas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pot Limit: limite del bote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pair: pareja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jack: jota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joker: jóquer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full house: the same, full house&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All-in: apostarlo todo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Burn: quemar (action between river, flop, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 pair: doble pareja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Straight: escalera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flush: color&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suited: cartas del mismo palo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details, just answer or visit the following link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pokerstars.es/poker/terms/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.pokerstars.es/poker/terms/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T14:14:43.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2016-02-05T12:29:47.843" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Durante mi etapa de estudiante de ingeniería en España teníamos muchas asignaturas que exigían que olvidásemos todo lo aprendido y pensásemos sin estar condicionados por nuestro conocimiento previo, y de esta manera poder dar soluciones ingeniosas a los problemas. Este hecho siempre lo he visto referenciado como &lt;code&gt;abrir la mente&lt;/code&gt;. Es más, en muchos acertijos para animar a la gente, se le suele decir &lt;code&gt;Venga, abre la mente&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que creo que una manera apropiada de definir &lt;code&gt;Thinking out of the box&lt;/code&gt; sería &lt;code&gt;Abre la mente&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11898" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T15:00:40.103" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T15:00:40.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15957" CreationDate="2016-02-05T13:04:51.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Palabra means &quot;word&quot;. In this case, it means he is giving you his &quot;word of honor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11880" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T13:04:51.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15454" CreationDate="2016-02-05T14:02:30.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se basa en el en el versículo 28 del capítulo 1 del evangelio de San Lucas. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/San_Lucas_-_Cap%C3%ADtulo_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuando el ángel saluda a María&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;28. Y entrando el ángel á donde estaba, dijo, ¡Salve, muy favorecida! el Señor es contigo: bendita tú entre las mujeres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, &amp;quot;Ave&amp;quot; no tiene nada que ver con los animales emplumados. En latín, 'ave' se utilizaba por los romanos como saludo (del verbo &lt;em&gt;avēre&lt;/em&gt;, 'estar bien' con el sentido de 'que estés bien').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos versos fueron evolucionando hasta convertirse en la oración llamada &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avemar%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Avemaría&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éste es un fragmento de la oración en Latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ave Maria&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gratia plena,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dominus Tecum.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera del mundo religioso, se usa como interjección de asombro o sorpresa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Ave maría! Nos vas a matar a todos. Baja la velocidad.&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa de manera similar a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Dios mío!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas abuelas solían usar repeticiones del Avemaría para medir el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Los huevos deben hervirse durante 2 &lt;strong&gt;avemarías&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobra decir que esta es una forma extremadamente imprecisa de medir el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A eso debes sumarle todas las sutilezas de su uso que aparecen en cada país hispano, pero por lo general siempre es lo mismo: Una oración y una interjección de sorpresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8756" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T19:58:59.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15969" CreationDate="2016-02-05T19:53:36.410" Score="1" ViewCount="1531" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are the following sentences acceptable was to say, &quot;I have no idea&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No tengo idea.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No tengo ni idea.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No tengo nada de idea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any additional ways to express this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T21:40:56.107" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T21:40:56.107" Title="What are the acceptable ways to say, &quot;I have no idea.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-05T20:32:44.753" Score="-2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni tengo una idea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounds like it would work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T21:38:26.680" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T21:38:26.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-05T20:34:09.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of the three options you have, &quot;No tengo ni idea&quot; would be the most natural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tengo ni idea de cómo resolver este problema. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A shortened version, &quot;ni idea&quot;, can be used as well. But it's more frequently used as an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuándo construyeron este monumento?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni idea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use also &quot;No tengo la menor idea&quot; (I don't have the slighest/faintest idea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11748" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T20:34:09.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15974" CreationDate="2016-02-05T20:34:45.340" Score="3" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Inglés, decimos una canción es &quot;by&quot; un artista y un libro es &quot;by&quot; un autor.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo la razón de la diferencia en Español.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Hay una regla para esto o es algo que sólo tengo que memorizar?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Hay una manera de saber cuál usar para una película o algo mas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICIÓN: Recuerdo haber visto esto en un libro (como &quot;Por &lt;em&gt;nombre&lt;/em&gt;&quot;), pero no puede encontrar un ejemplo.  Google Translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/the%20book%20is%20by%20the%20author&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;usa &quot;por&quot; para un libro&lt;/a&gt;.  ¿No es corecto, o que es específico para cada país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11891" LastEditorUserId="11891" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T22:12:13.533" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T12:01:51.040" Title="¿Por qué decimos una canción es &quot;de&quot; un artista y en cambio un libro es &quot;por&quot; un autor?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15971" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15972" CreationDate="2016-02-05T23:19:05.407" Score="0" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahora estoy estudiando análisis sintático para el próximo día. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas frases, aparece la palabra &quot;se&quot;. He entendido que esta palabra designa a muchas funciones en el análisis de oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este contenido se estudia en bachiller (el año que viene) por lo que he entendido, pero me pica la curiosidad por saber qué funciones puede dar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11625" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T01:39:25.380" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T01:41:37.033" Title="¿Cuáles funciones tiene &quot;se&quot; dentro de un análisis sintático?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-02-08T17:59:58.387" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15971" CreationDate="2016-02-06T01:08:35.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Reflexivo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reflexivo significa que la misma persona que hace la acción la recibe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;suicidarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;especializarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;arrepentirse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;asombrarse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atreverse a&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;burlarse de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;darse cuenta de&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;empeñarse en&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enterarse de equivocarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;portarse bien / mal&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;resignarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quejarse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay otros que conocemos como reflexivos pero también pueden ser&#xA;  transitivos, es decir pasar su acción a otra cosa o persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cambiarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;vestirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lavarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cepillarse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me cambio todos los días y cambio mi dinero en el banco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aburrirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;alegrarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cansarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enojarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;divertirse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;molestarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;preocuparse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;interesarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sorprenderse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;asustarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;entristecerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;enfermarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hincharse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mejorarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;curarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pararse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sentarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;acostarse&lt;/code&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También están los que nos indican un consumo total de algo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tomarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;comerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;beberse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;devorarse&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reflexive verbs are, in my opinion, the easiest &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; to grasp.  Translated to English, a sentence with a reflexive verb will have the word &lt;code&gt;self&lt;/code&gt; in there somewhere, and if not, the sentence will indeed express some kind of emotion.  In English, we say that we want to &lt;code&gt;Take a bath/shower&lt;/code&gt; when in Spanish you would bathe or shower yourself... or someone else even.  &lt;code&gt;Quiero ducharme&lt;/code&gt; -- &lt;code&gt;I want to take a shower.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the bottom of the list above are some other reflexives that do not express emotion, but rather, consumption of some kind, whether it be yourself or something else, a consumption of ... all of it... as the quote says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nos indican un consumo total de algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We're eating all of the pizza / Nos comemos la pizza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;He drank the whole thing! / ¡Él se lo tomó!.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Recíproco.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Implica una acción y dos personas realizándola al mismo tiempo.( Ellos= se). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;amarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quererse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;llamarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;verse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;besarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;abrazarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;admirarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tocarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;odiarse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call this the opposite of a Reflexive verb.  These are personal verbs that involve another subject, as the definition suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Accidental.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se usa para expresar la realización de una acción de manera accidental&#xA;  o donde el sujeto no quiere asumir la responsabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Romperse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;perderse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;olvidarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;caerse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quemarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;doblarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;quebrarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;abrirse&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;descomponerse&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish language, for some reason, they do not accept the blame.  You don't forget your wallet, your wallet forgets you.  It's strange, but it's true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SE Impersonal.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo usamos cuando no sabemos o no queremos o no importa quien hace la&#xA;  acción, sirve para expresar generalizaciones. Comúnmente aparece en la&#xA;  tercera persona singular con verbos intransitivos sin embargo también&#xA;  aparecen con algunos transitivos que se toman como “impersonales”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Intransitivo. Se vive bien en Querétaro &#xA;Transitivo. Se habla español en México.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will often hear this usage when you are asked how to say something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice ... potato... en español?`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using English as an example you can see the trend used in this form of SE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we use &quot;they&quot; or &quot;you&quot; a lot to explain instructions, or advertisements, or, mainly, just to generalize... in some cases, &quot;we&quot;... as in &lt;code&gt;We sell furniture&lt;/code&gt;... translated to &lt;code&gt;Se vende muebles&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other English examples -- in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We speak Spanish (like the signs outside of a business)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se habla español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You open it with a fork (instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se la abre con tenedor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They say the homework is hard (generalize)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se dice es dificil la tarea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You don't say it like that (instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No se lo dice así&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This impersonal &quot;se&quot; is a bit tricky to get used to.  I still use it incorrectly to this day, even after 15+ years of practice and education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Taken from my Advanced Spanish Manual, written by Veronica Martinez of ITESM Querétaro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T01:41:37.033" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T01:41:37.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-06T02:03:06.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;no tengo idea&quot; es más natural para mí :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T02:03:06.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15970" CreationDate="2016-02-06T03:37:51.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con los comentarios generados en la pregunta. Normalmente, cuando usted escucha referirse a &quot;por&quot; un autor se refiere al libro &quot;escrito por&quot; un autor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La novela &lt;em&gt;La Regenta&lt;/em&gt;, escrita &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; L. A. Clarín, es de finales del siglo XIX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Por&quot; indica el agente de la acción en construcciones pasivas, y no se limita a libros, sino que también se usa con canciones, películas, etc.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imagine&lt;/em&gt;, escrita e interpretada &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; John Lenon, es una de las canciones más famosas del músico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también se suele escuchar que el libro es &quot;de&quot; un autor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La novela &lt;em&gt;La Regenta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; L. A. Clarín, es de finales del siglo XIX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como con canciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imagine&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; John Lenon, es una de las canciones más famosas del músico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T12:01:51.040" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T12:01:51.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-06T17:34:32.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other way includes &lt;em&gt;y yo qué sé.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To my ear, &lt;em&gt;no tengo idea&lt;/em&gt; is the most used. Even the expression &lt;em&gt;no tengo ninguna idea&lt;/em&gt; is widely used as a double negative to show emphasis. However, the expression &lt;em&gt;no tengo nada de idea&lt;/em&gt; seems to have been taken from a translator, and this form is not idiomatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T17:34:32.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-07T02:31:53.480" Score="3" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las afirmaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te dije que no lo &lt;strong&gt;trajeras&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te dije que no lo &lt;strong&gt;traigas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es su interpretación?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si tengo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te dije que no lo &lt;strong&gt;trajeras&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = Igual lo traje.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te dije que no lo &lt;strong&gt;traigas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = Igual lo traigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son correctas sus interpretaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11905" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T04:39:23.270" Title="Subjuntivo de 'traer'" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-07T02:37:50.653" Score="3" ViewCount="1380" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre se usa &lt;em&gt;si + pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; para empezar la cláusula condicional. Como por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;si tuviera dinero, si fuera rico, si pudiera,&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estas expresiones se interpretan en el presente? Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;si fuera rico = pero no lo soy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt; es pretérito, ¿por qué se interpreta como presente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11905" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T18:56:49.740" Title="Pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo para el condicional" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15977" CreationDate="2016-02-07T04:30:56.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se usa siempre, solo en oraciones hipotéticas (o condicionales irreales o potenciales, según terminología).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, si la acción expresada dentro de la cláusula &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; se considera una verdadera posibilidad, va marcada en el tiempo esperado y en el indicativo. El español antiguo podía usar otros tiempos para condiciones futuras como lo hace hoy en día el portugués, pero este uso no ha sobrevivido en el presente, así que se usa siempre el indicativo si queda una posibilidad de veracidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si me acompañarás (pero no sé nada de tus planes), viajaré a China.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tengo tiempo (y puede que lo tenga), iré a la tienda (en el caso de tenerlo, pero aún no tengo claro si lo tendré o no).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si hablo con mi madre por la mañana (a veces ocurre, a veces no), no la llamo por la noche (dependerá de lo que he hecho por la mañana).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tenían dinero, salían de copas (aquí, nos referimos a algo habitual: a veces el dinero estaba, a veces no, y entonces a veces salían, a veces no).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si lo rompió mi hijo (y no lo sé), te compraré otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuando la acción en la cláusula &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; denota algo definitivamente irreal, sin ocurrir ni posibilidad de ocurrir, los tiempos utilizados se suelen retroceder. Es decir, se usa el imperfecto para referirse al presente, y el pluscuamperfecto para referirse al pretérito (perfecto e imperfecto), aunque no es imposible encontrar el imperfecto para referirse a acciones pretéritas. Lo mismo ocurre, curiosamente, en el inglés. Ya que se trata de algo que no ha acaecido, se usa el subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si hubieran/hubiesen tenido dinero (pero no lo tenían), habrían salido de copas (así que no salieron).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tuviera tiempo (pero no lo tengo), iría a la tienda (así que no iré).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-07T18:56:49.740" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T18:56:49.740" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15976" CreationDate="2016-02-07T04:39:23.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si digo «te dije que hagas algo», indico por el traslado al tiempo presente que aún queda tiempo por hacerlo. Podrías considerarlo meramente un recordatorio o bien algo que lo debes comenzar ya (porque el presente del subjuntivo ocupa un espacio tanto presente como futuro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si digo «te dije que hicieras/hicieses algo», indico que lo quería hecho para algún momento que se sitúa en el pasado. Perdiste la oportunidad de hacer lo que te pedí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T04:39:23.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15985" CreationDate="2016-02-07T06:35:52.707" Score="2" ViewCount="1918" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working through a Level A1 Spanish course at Memrise.com. I came across an idiom that boggles me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the basics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se (a alguien) dar bien (algo) | to be good (at something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se me da bien (algo) | I am good (at something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se le da bien (algo) | he is good (at something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se les dan bien muchas cosas | they are good at many things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se me da bien tocar el piano | I am good at playing the piano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction of these phrases are sooo different than English. I'm not knowing how to even search Google for an explanation of this construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First off, is this a common way to express that 'someone is good at something'? When I put any of the above phrases into a translation engine, none of the results translate to &quot;being good at...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, can someone give a brief explanation of this particular idiom?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:22:40.473" Title="Can someone help me understand the translation for &quot;to be good at (something)&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15980" CreationDate="2016-02-07T09:41:22.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most familiar construction for an English speaker is «ser bueno [gerundio]» for verbs. &lt;em&gt;Soy bueno tocando el piano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For nouns, «ser bueno [para|con] [sustantivo]». &lt;em&gt;Soy bueno para las matemáticas, soy bueno con los ordenadores&lt;/em&gt;. I'm not sure of what the rule to choose between «para» and «con» is, I guess it may be a matter of &lt;em&gt;field of knowledge vs. tools and materials&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I don't know the why for the idiom. But that verb in particular is full of them: dárselas de (pretend), dar por (consider), dar que (produce)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T09:41:22.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15977" CreationDate="2016-02-07T11:45:42.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se dice: if I were a rich man.  Es la misma forma.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Were&quot; es un subjuntivo pretérito.  La pregunta no tiene nada que ver con el inglés, pero el hecho que aparezca en más de un idioma es interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T11:45:42.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15980" CreationDate="2016-02-07T13:49:29.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The construction is widely used.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Saying &lt;em&gt;se me dan bien + something&lt;/em&gt; states that the things that come or happen to you are good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you're actually looking for &lt;em&gt;I am good at something,&lt;/em&gt; that's just &lt;em&gt;soy bueno en algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This not that easy since many choices are given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy bueno en matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Soy bueno en las matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Soy bueno para las matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Soy bueno para matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction &lt;em&gt;se me dan bien&lt;/em&gt; is probably hard to phrase in English.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've been thinking of something like &lt;em&gt;things I'm given are good&lt;/em&gt; as a passive sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T13:49:29.537" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-07T13:53:36.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common way to say &quot;I have no idea&quot; is &quot;No tengo ni idea&quot;. Also, you can say only &quot;ni idea&quot;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Sabes cómo se llama ese chico? (Do you know the name of that boy?)&#xA;  -Ni idea. (No idea, that is &quot;I have no idea&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is most used in colloquial situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11796" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T13:05:53.997" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T13:05:53.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15980" CreationDate="2016-02-07T18:24:17.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; The form &amp;quot;se (a alguien) dar bien (algo)&amp;quot; only works with pronouns (me, te, se, nos, os). If you want to you specify a name, you have to place it at the beginning (more common) or at the end (rare) of the sentence, the choice depending on what part of the sentence you want to emphasize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Pepe se le dan bien los niños.&lt;/em&gt; (Pepe is good with kids.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how I used a &amp;quot;with&amp;quot; there, not an &amp;quot;at&amp;quot;. Both &amp;quot;to be good at&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;to be good with&amp;quot; can be expressed in Spanish with &amp;quot;dársele bien algo a alguien.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some answers state that &amp;quot;ser bueno en/con&amp;quot; is more frequent. I personally disagree, but don't forget there may be regional differences. Either way, both are common and understood everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, using &amp;quot;ser bueno en/con&amp;quot; poses a couple of problems. The first one would be choosing the right preposition, and the second one is ambiguity. Consider the first sentence, now using a &amp;quot;ser bueno en/con&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pepe es bueno con los niños.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence could mean either that Pepe is good with them (whenever he has to spend some time with kids he doesn't know, he gets to get on well with them. Kids consider him a &amp;quot;cool guy&amp;quot;. That is, you are describing a skill), or that he is nice to them (he generally doesn't ground them when they misbehave, he treats them with kindness and tolerance. That is, you aren't describing a skill but a treatment). Both definitions overlap to a certain extent, but are different. This is made obvious if the sentence is reworded with a superlative form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pepe es demasiado bueno con los niños. Los está malcriando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes sense only if one considers the second meaning (Pepe is too nice with the kids. He is spoiling them.), but not the first one, since one cannot be &amp;quot;too skillful with kids&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ambiguity doesn't arise with objects because one cannot be &amp;quot;nice&amp;quot; to objects. So if the &amp;quot;algo&amp;quot; is a person, go with &amp;quot;se (pronombre) da/dan bien (algo)&amp;quot;. Otherwise, any of the two constructions would work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, it's not easy to parse this idiom because it's, well, an idiom. In general lines, in &amp;quot;se me da bien el ajedrez&amp;quot; (I'm good at chess) you know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The subject is &amp;quot;el ajedrez&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Indirect Object is &amp;quot;me&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun (&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;) has no semantic meaning&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. It must agree with the subject, but since the subject is always in third person singular or plural, and the third person pronoun is &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; for both the singlular and plural form, it is invariable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can see the subject/object roles are just the opposite as in English (something like what happens with the verb &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot;), which makes it tricky for Spanish learners. Therefore, and considering subject-verb agreement, the choice between da/dan depends on what you are good at. Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se me &lt;strong&gt;da&lt;/strong&gt; bien cocinar tartas.&lt;/em&gt; (I'm good at cooking cakes.)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Subject&lt;/em&gt; = cocinar tartas (sg); &lt;em&gt;verb&lt;/em&gt;: da (sg); &lt;em&gt;Indirect Object&lt;/em&gt;: me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se me &lt;strong&gt;dan&lt;/strong&gt; bien las tartas.&lt;/em&gt; (I'm good with cakes.)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Subject&lt;/em&gt; = las tartas (pl); &lt;em&gt;verb&lt;/em&gt;: dan (pl); &lt;em&gt;Indirect Object&lt;/em&gt;: me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the Indirect Object can be reduplicated for emphasis under the form of &amp;quot;a mí/a ti/a vos/a usted/a él/a ella/a nosotros/a vosotros/a ustedes/a ellos&amp;quot;, and it can be placed at the beginning, in between, or at the end:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A mí&lt;/strong&gt; se me dan bien las tartas.&lt;/em&gt; (common)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Se me dan bien las tartas &lt;strong&gt;a mí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (rare)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Se me dan bien &lt;strong&gt;a mí&lt;/strong&gt; las tartas.&lt;/em&gt; (rare)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Se me dan &lt;strong&gt;a mí&lt;/strong&gt; bien las tartas.&lt;/em&gt; (almost yoda-sounding)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Pondering Ustanak's answer, I got to the conclusion there is indeed a second meaning for this saying. In English, &amp;quot;to be good at/with something&amp;quot; is pretty much a permanent thing: you either are good or not. In Spanish, however, &amp;quot;dársele bien algo a alguien&amp;quot; can describe both a permanent trait or the quality of a performance. An example of the former would be all the sentences provided so far, but now consider the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El primer examen se me dio bien, pero el último se me dio bastante mal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you only considered the &amp;quot;trait&amp;quot; meaning, you would get nonsense: &amp;quot;I was good with the first exam, but terrible with the second (?)&amp;quot;. A much more sensical translation would be &amp;quot;I &lt;strong&gt;did well&lt;/strong&gt; on the first exam, but did terribly [screw it up] on the second&amp;quot;. So &amp;quot;dársele bien algo a alguien&amp;quot; can describe a performance too, and in that sense it would be something temporal (how you did on a given occasion) instead of permanent (how good you are at something). This is in syntony with the general meaning of the saying: if you are good at something, it would be expected be that you do well when doing that thing. Both senses (&amp;quot;to be good at&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;to do well in&amp;quot;) are valid, although (at least in Spain) the first one is more common. In Chile, on the other hand, it seems to be a common phrase. Per Ustanak's comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se me dan bien las cosas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...would mean &amp;quot;things are going well&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;I'm doing well&amp;quot;. However, if you want to be understood everywhere, you should try to avoid such expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; The pronoun is standing there because the verb requires it, but has no real meaning in the sentence. Some grammarians call it a &amp;quot;marca de verbo pronominal&amp;quot; (pronominal verb marker), thus saying that the verb is &amp;quot;pronominal&amp;quot; (i.e., it always takes a pronoun), and that the pronoun itself would be the &amp;quot;marker&amp;quot; of such a verb. This concept is key because in Spanish pronominal verbs are just as common as phrasal verbs in English, so it's a good thing that one gets familiar with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:22:40.473" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2016-02-07T18:26:17.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived for 20 plus years in Cd. Juarez, Chihuahua. From what I remember &quot;carpeta&quot;  was the three-ring binder (not the &quot;folder&quot;. In Juarez the &quot;folder&quot; was just called a &quot;folder&quot;). &quot;Alfrombra&quot; it was given to both the &quot;carpet&quot; and &quot;area rug&quot;. But DarkAjax is right. In Chihuahua the &quot;area rug&quot; can also be called &quot;tapete&quot;. At the same time the &quot;welcome mat&quot; or &quot;doormat&quot; was also called &quot;tapete&quot;. Like I said before, that was back when I lived in Cd. Juarez......Damn, I didn't know it was this hard to be bilingual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11909" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T18:26:17.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15988" CreationDate="2016-02-07T20:23:30.033" Score="0" ViewCount="768" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;em&gt;no sé español&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;no hablo español&lt;/em&gt;? It seems to be the case that people don't say the former, however we can say &quot;I don't know Spanish&quot; in English. Moreover it appears that it's okay to say &lt;em&gt;no sé español bien&lt;/em&gt;, so why is it strange to say &lt;em&gt;no sé español&lt;/em&gt;? What's meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11910" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T12:57:50.060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:57:50.060" Title="»No sé español« vs »No hablo español«" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15987" CreationDate="2016-02-07T21:09:56.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nothing strange.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'd say it's a matter of preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no sé español&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;no hablo español&lt;/em&gt; are widely used in order for you to state that you don't have Spanish knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in my country, many people often say &lt;em&gt;no sé inglés&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;no hablo inglés&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A far-fetched example could be something like &lt;em&gt;sé español, pero no lo hablo&lt;/em&gt;, this implies that the speaker has knowledge about Spanish language but it doesn't necessarily imply that this person has the other main abilities. For instance, &lt;em&gt;no hablo español, pero puedo leerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case &lt;em&gt;no sé español&lt;/em&gt;, yields the possibility that the speaker won't be able to use anything about the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-07T21:17:01.550" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T21:17:01.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15991" CreationDate="2016-02-08T03:05:25.733" Score="1" ViewCount="1957" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dadas las expresiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gustaba&lt;/strong&gt; algo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;solía gustar&lt;/strong&gt; algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es equivalente la forma solía y el pretérito imperfecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pareciera que sí, es como descomponer &lt;em&gt;gustaba = solía gustar&lt;/em&gt; en donde el verbo &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; solo posee su forma pretérito imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T16:00:18.343" Title="»solía« y »pretérito imperfecto«" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15989" CreationDate="2016-02-08T12:32:32.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;el &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos/preterito-imperfecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/a&gt; significa principalmente &lt;em&gt;&quot;describir Una Situación en el pasado&quot;.&lt;/em&gt; pero también tiene un sentido &lt;em&gt;&quot;una Acción Que se repitio en el pasado&quot;,&lt;/em&gt; es decir, que describe un hábito/costumbre. &lt;code&gt;Soler&lt;/code&gt; como verbo auxiliar sólo se aplica este sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:32:32.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15989" CreationDate="2016-02-08T16:00:18.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt;, en la práctica, no tiene más que el pretérito imperfecto y el presente. No se me ocurre ningún ejemplo de uso en otro tiempo verbal que no me suene extrañísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, el significado de &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; no es muy fuerte; solo aporta un matiz frente al uso directo del verbo que acompaña. Usando una ligera modificación sobre tus ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gustaba&lt;/strong&gt; la comida de la cantina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;solía gustar&lt;/strong&gt; la comida de la cantina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia está en que la segunda frase pone un cierto impedimento. Es decir: habitualmente me gustaba la comida que servían en la cantina, pero algunos días no era así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego, puedes hacer lo mismo en presente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; la comida de la cantina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;suele gustar&lt;/strong&gt; la comida de la cantina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es normal usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt; en otros tiempos porque, por su significado, tiene un matiz imperfectivo: habla de acciones habituales o continuadas en el tiempo, por lo que el aspecto perfectivo no casa bien con él. El futuro podría funcionar cuando hacemos predicciones, pero la verdad es que me suena muy raro. Por ejemplo: si en una predicción meteorológica a largo plazo queremos decir que el próximo verano va a ser muy caluroso, podríamos decir: &lt;em&gt;Las temperaturas máximas durante el próximo verano solerán estar por encima de los 35°&lt;/em&gt;. Pero yo preferiría usar otra expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T16:00:18.343" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15967" CreationDate="2016-02-08T19:01:09.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My tendency would be to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No tengo la menor idea.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T19:01:09.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15994" CreationDate="2016-02-09T08:43:38.160" Score="3" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just wondering how the best way to open a question in Spanish is in a loose, somewhat respectful and more conversational manner. An example lies in that prior sentence. Instead of asking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is&lt;/strong&gt; the best way to open a question in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I was just wondering about&lt;/strong&gt; the best way to open a question in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples could include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I was just curious about whether...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I was hoping you could tell me if...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I feel that using the past tense in this manner in Spanish doesn't make a whole lot of sense. Using the conditional (would you tell me if) also doesn't seem totally fitting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm specifically looking for the best way to do these kind of &quot;question openings&quot; in a native tone as opposed to just strict translations of English openings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10969" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T18:02:04.983" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T22:57:28.620" Title="How to loosely open a question" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15993" CreationDate="2016-02-09T09:44:39.490" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, both the past tense and the conditional tense are appropriate to open a question politely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me preguntaba (si)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me estaba preguntando (si)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le quería preguntar (si)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿No sabrá por casualidad (si)...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Podría decirme (si)...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sería tan amable de decirme (si)...? (be careful with this one, it may be perceived as sarcastic)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Podría decirme, si no es molestia, (si)...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sabría decirme (si)...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &quot;usted&quot; or &quot;tú&quot; form, depending on how polite you want to be. Generally, using &quot;tú&quot; will do unless you're talking to your boss or such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note in Spanish you should only use question marks (¿?) when the question is strictly so. In other words, &quot;I was just wondering...&quot; may be intended as a question, but it isn't a question strictly speaking. Therefore, &quot;Me preguntaba (si)...&quot; shouldn't be within question marks, but &quot;¿No sabrá por casualidad...?&quot; (&quot;Do you happen to know...?&quot;) should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T15:41:32.627" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T15:41:32.627" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15993" CreationDate="2016-02-09T16:30:10.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Polite indirect questions in Spanish are widely used.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Many options can be given. Besides of Yay examples, we have, for instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me pregunto ...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustaría saber ...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Puede decirme ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Le importaría decirme ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Puedo preguntarle ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Tiene usted alguna idea ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Sabe usted ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Existe la posibilidad de que me diga ...?&lt;/em&gt; → (&lt;em&gt;existe&lt;/em&gt; can be substituted by &lt;em&gt;existiría&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;existirá.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always, for polite indirect questions, the prefered form is &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;tú.&lt;/em&gt; For example in #6, it's different saying &lt;em&gt;¿Tienes alguna idea ...?&lt;/em&gt; than saying &lt;em&gt;¿Tiene usted alguna idea ...?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Politeness mostly comes when your age is under the age of the other person, even if you're related to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T22:57:28.620" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T22:57:28.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2016-02-10T01:05:38.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo en utilizar los términos en su idioma original, pero es muy útil pensar el significado explícito, contextual o figurativo de un término porque debería representar en nuestra mente algo equivalente a lo que percibe un individuo en el idioma de origen. Pues en el caso de la lengüeta del zapato, viene bien el término en español, &quot;calzador&quot;, ya que es como calzar un aplicación en cualquier dispositivo (zapato), que es un objetivo central de &lt;em&gt;«bootstrap»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11928" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T02:06:20.397" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T02:06:20.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15749" CreationDate="2016-02-10T22:09:16.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo pelar (descubrir, desnudar, despejar, despojar, mondar)  en el lenguaje coloquial, significa mostrar, enseñar o exponer. El dicho &quot;&lt;strong&gt;nadie pela la plata y los dientes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; significa que si se enseña el dinero no hay necesidad de enseñar los dientes o, lo que es lo mismo, si pagas no tienes que pelear y viceversa. Si no se enseña la plata habrá que enseñar los dientes. El dicho implica que no es necesario mostrar ambas cosas al mismo tiempo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11658" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T22:09:16.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2016-02-10T22:39:21.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría, pensar de otra manera saliéndose del molde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11658" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T22:39:21.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-11T18:27:02.733" Score="3" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there are a ton of verb tenses. But what is the basic necessary grammar I would need to nail down to speak, write and understand Spanish fluently? I've got flashcards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My list so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Irregular tenses for all tenses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Present Tense &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subjunctive Tenses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gerund&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Past Participles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Haber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronouns and prepositions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conditionals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imperative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imperfect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por vs para&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar vs ser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;future&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preterite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cual vs que&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T22:09:06.617" Title="What is the basic necessary grammar I would need to tackle for Spanish fluency?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16005" CreationDate="2016-02-11T18:57:18.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You forgot one important: pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the tenses are easy to learn but not easy to apply, specially when you're making a contrast like &lt;em&gt;present perfect&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;past simple.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that in English the tenses are not named the same. For instance &lt;em&gt;present perfect  = pretérito perfecto compuesto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to have a good fluent Spanish, besides of the study of the basic tenses, you are required to dominate the &lt;em&gt;subjuntive mood&lt;/em&gt; and the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, these two are very hard for learners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T03:29:33.913" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T03:29:33.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-12T07:04:59.663" Score="0" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope you could help me to find out is there any specific verb in Spanish for the following situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Imagine a train station, the train is already there and is about to leave the station. You are harrying to catch the train before it leaves. In the last moment &lt;strong&gt;you manage to&lt;/strong&gt; hop onto the train just before the doors shut. What a lucky day!  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You are crossing the street (not at a crosswalk to make it more dramatic) and out of the blue a car goes in your direction at a high speed. &lt;strong&gt;You manage to&lt;/strong&gt; step on the sidewalk moments before the car passes you. And yet again, such a luck!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea that there is a moment after that everything goes bad and you manage to do something under time pressure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that it is correct to use &lt;strong&gt;conseguir&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;lograr&lt;/strong&gt; to express the idea, For instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta mañana he conseguido coger el tren.&lt;/em&gt;  (Antes de que saliera de la estación)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer logré cruzar la calle&lt;/em&gt;. (Antes de que el coche me atropellara)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm not sure is that just saying &lt;em&gt;he conseguido coger el tren&lt;/em&gt; without the part within the parentheses doesn't mean that I did manage to catch it having little time and yet I did it. &lt;em&gt;he conseguido coger el tren&lt;/em&gt; without clarifying could mean, for example, that I had much time to get onto the train, but there were so many people that I literally squeezed in - ¡lo he conseguido!. You see? Without the context both &lt;strong&gt;conseguir&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;lograr&lt;/strong&gt; could mean anything you could imagine but the real situation. So, I'm forced to say&#xA;&lt;em&gt;logré cruzar la calle justo delante del coche&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious, is there a verb to express the idea that I managed to do something having little time to do it? Or I should say &quot;conseguir/lograr do something before something else happen&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11749" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T09:38:12.930" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T14:47:40.233" Title="To manage to do something (on time)" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16010" CreationDate="2016-02-12T07:28:22.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idiomatic expression you're looking for is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me las arreglé&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note that the verb changes depending of the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te las arreglaste para subir al tren ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me las arreglé para subir al tren ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;Se las arregló para subir al tren ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, this expression is used when something goes bad and you pulled it off anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T07:28:22.190" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16010" CreationDate="2016-02-12T10:30:05.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican spanish, at least, we use the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alcanzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana &lt;strong&gt;alcancé&lt;/strong&gt; a tomar el tren (antes de que saliera de la estación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer &lt;strong&gt;alcancé&lt;/strong&gt; a cruzar la calle (antes de que el coche me atropellara).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Alcanzas&lt;/strong&gt; a terminar este trabajo antes de salir de vacaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T10:30:05.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16005" CreationDate="2016-02-12T21:58:14.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming you already know the basics such as word order, gender, number, etc. Note that Spanish word order is not as strict as that of English (e.g. sometimes the subject of a verb is at the end of a sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure to know the personal &quot;a&quot; (i.e. Conocí &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; María = I met Mary).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you plan on spending a lot of time speaking with Argentinians, learn the &quot;vos&quot; conjugations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the diminutive and augmentative suffixes (e.g. perro &lt;em&gt;[dog]&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; perrito &lt;em&gt;[small dog]&lt;/em&gt;; bueno &lt;em&gt;[good]&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; buenísimo &lt;em&gt;[very good]&lt;/em&gt;). At least in my experience, they are quite common, especially in informal speech.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to be able to quickly conjugate verbs in any tense and mood. However, it is also important to be able to use the tenses and moods properly. Flashcards are good, but you need to make sure to speak, read, and write a lot. I am sure you didn't plan on only using cards, but too many people assume they will wait &lt;em&gt;until&lt;/em&gt; they are fluent to do those things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T22:09:06.617" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T22:09:06.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-13T06:31:31.703" Score="1" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muestra Paul cuando &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; más joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muestra Paul cuando &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; más joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to say, &lt;em&gt;It shows when Paul was younger&lt;/em&gt;. It's for a tv show which is showing a character from another show but in the past. Would this count as setting the scene or repeated action? I am having trouble telling. Google translate and Spanish checker are telling me to use &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:59:01.807" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:59:01.807" Title="Should we say &quot;Muestra Paul cuando 'fue' más joven&quot; or 'era' for &quot;It shows when Paul was younger&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16015" CreationDate="2016-02-13T09:17:03.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;» &lt;em&gt;Muestra a Paul cuando &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; más joven.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (At some definite point in the past, it shows when Paul was younger.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;» &lt;em&gt;Muestra a Paul cuando &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; más joven.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (During a period of time -unknown- in the past, it shows when Paul was younger.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; is not always clear-cut, but we restrict to use the preterite for actions that happened at some definite point in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T14:01:43.897" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T14:01:43.897" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3349" CreationDate="2016-02-14T03:37:29.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizas hayas visto en el menu de un restaurante &quot;De primero&quot; (as a first course). Pero la palabra primero va siempre después del sustantivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11964" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T03:37:29.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16019" CreationDate="2016-02-14T12:58:31.640" Score="1" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my understanding, the conditional form is a way of adding would, could, should and probably before a verb that it is conjugating. Although these 4 phrases are related, aren't they 4 different phrases? How do you know which of the 4 phrases is being used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T20:11:45.060" Title="How does the conditional form separate the four words it translates to?" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16018" CreationDate="2016-02-14T16:49:27.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish conditional translates to &quot;would&quot; + verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo compraría esto (I would buy this). Focusing in the action itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Could&quot; and &quot;Should&quot;, while similar, are conditionals for the verbs &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;, and turn them into auxiliary verbs for a periphrasis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo podría comprar esto (I could buy this). Focusing in the ability to do the action.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo debería comprar esto (I should buy this). Focusing in the need to do the action.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Probably&quot; (&lt;em&gt;probablemente&lt;/em&gt;) shouldn't give you a lot of trouble, since it's an adverb, independent of the previous cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11748" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-14T20:11:45.060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T20:11:45.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16018" CreationDate="2016-02-14T16:58:09.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends of the conditional form.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In English, the three main conditionals use the modals you specify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First conditional&lt;/strong&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you come with me, I &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; help you = Si vienes conmigo, &lt;strong&gt;podría&lt;/strong&gt; ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Note that &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; can be replaced either by &lt;em&gt;will, might&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; to increase or decrease the possibility for something to happen.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second conditional&lt;/strong&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you came with me, I &lt;strong&gt;would/could&lt;/strong&gt; help you = Si vinieras/vinieses conmigo, te &lt;strong&gt;ayudaría&lt;/strong&gt; / te &lt;strong&gt;podría ayudar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; come with me, I &lt;strong&gt;would&lt;/strong&gt; help you = Si &lt;strong&gt;pudieras/pudieses&lt;/strong&gt; venir conmigo, te &lt;strong&gt;ayudaría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; is different in this case, it can refer to the past tense of &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt;, it can be used to give advice or it can be used with &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; to show that an action didn't take place when it should:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;       » &lt;em&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt;'ve come to help me! = ¡&lt;strong&gt;Debiste&lt;/strong&gt; haber venido a ayudarme!&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, sentences like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This was what &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; happen = Esto fue lo que &lt;strong&gt;debería/debiese/debiera/debió&lt;/strong&gt; pasar,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should be avoided as not being grammatically correct. (See Yay's comment below.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-14T17:55:23.503" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T17:55:23.503" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16023" CreationDate="2016-02-15T10:26:12.547" Score="4" ViewCount="1049" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where does this expression come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He nombrado a más de 500 altos cargos y dos me han salido rana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the general meaning and idea behind the use of &quot;rana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone give some context on its origin and its usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://politica.elpais.com/politica/2016/02/14/actualidad/1455455097_256874.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source: El País&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T15:01:54.603" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T15:01:54.603" Title="Origin and usage of slang &quot;salir rana&quot;" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T11:02:47.620" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salir rana es una expresión muy antigua. Según el Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas de Alberto Buitrago (Espasa), la expresión era antiguamente “salga pez o salga rana”, y aunque en su origen fue propio de los pescadores, se acabó empleando en la lengua coloquial para indicar que algo que se iba hacer saliera bien (pez) o mal (rana). Hoy usamos la versión reducida, es decir, que sólo usamos la parte de “salir rana” para indicar que algo no ha salido como esperábamos o que directamente nos salido mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://expresionesyrefranes.com/2007/03/20/me-ha-salido-rana/&quot;&gt;http://expresionesyrefranes.com/2007/03/20/me-ha-salido-rana/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11946" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T11:02:47.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T01:39:52.723" Score="5" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve checked several sources, including Wiktionary and SpanishDict, and understand the basic construction, which was obvious to me prior: &lt;code&gt;cual&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;quiera&lt;/code&gt;. Why was that particular form of “querer” chosen? &lt;code&gt;Quiera&lt;/code&gt; is the present tense in subjunctive mood (unlikely that it was the imperative form, correct?), for the first, second formal, and third person. When the word was originally conceived, what was the specific form that was chosen and why? Was it “which[ever] you [may] want”, “which[ever] he/she (abstract singular ‘they’) may want”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was “which[ever] it [may] be (that would be something like ‘&lt;em&gt;cualsea&lt;/em&gt;’, innit?)” ever considered? And I see that there already exists phrasal ‘&lt;em&gt;cual sea&lt;/em&gt;’, so is it a synonym and how widely is it used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, I use “may” here very loosely to make English variant translations sound better, but my grasp of Spanish subjunctive is next to non-existent, so, forgive me, &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt;, for the lack of understanding on that part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="748" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T09:06:39.107" Title="Etymology of “cualquiera”" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16024" CreationDate="2016-02-16T09:00:26.357" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Middle Ages the original whichever, wherever, whoever... were deprecated (I don't know if because they were too complex: &lt;em&gt;qualiscumque&lt;/em&gt;), and they began putting the verb querer (want, from Latin &lt;em&gt;quaerere&lt;/em&gt;) after the already existing &lt;em&gt;qual&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;qualquier&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doquier&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quienquier&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://revistadefilologiaespa%C3%B1ola.revistas.csic.es/index.php/rfe/article/viewFile/246/249&quot;&gt;At first you could break it into &lt;em&gt;qual cosa quier&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but what has reached us is a unity: &lt;em&gt;cualquier cosa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not strange to refer to &lt;em&gt;what is wanted&lt;/em&gt; in other Romance languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalan, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0112060&quot;&gt;qualsevol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Italian, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/iten/qualsivoglia&quot;&gt;qualsivoglia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (rare).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Portuguese, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ptes/qualquer&quot;&gt;qualquer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them use a 3rd person singular of want. In the case of Catalan and Italian, the want part comes from a different Latin verb: volere, with the same meaning. &lt;a href=&quot;https://ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt/consultorio/perguntas/a-historia-do-verbo-querer/33157&quot;&gt;Why was one verb or the other chosen to convey the same meaning in Romance, is a whole story by itself&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit. Sometimes you do find the solution that sounds more intuitive to you: Italian &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/iten/qualsiasi&quot;&gt;qualsiasi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (whatever it is), for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T09:06:39.107" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T09:06:39.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16022" CreationDate="2016-02-16T09:50:51.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Yay points out, it's a colloquial expression we use in Spain to say that something didn't go as expected but not in a dramatic way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we take the news from &lt;a href=&quot;http://politica.elpais.com/politica/2016/02/14/actualidad/1455455097_256874.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El País&lt;/a&gt;, we are reading that a very popular politician from Madrid is telling us in a distended way that she made a few bad choices. She's downplaying her mistake by saying &quot;2 out of 500 ...&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is an expression typically used in Spanish to dial down something that went wrong into something funny to explain or not important at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a very formal context it could be inappropriate mainly if the mistake had really bad consequences. Like it's the case of this politician's mistake (but she keeps downplaying her responsibility in the situation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise you can use it in any context. For example... dates, personal relationships, partners or any context where we made a bad choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T13:41:49.040" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T13:41:49.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16010" CreationDate="2016-02-16T17:59:47.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain for &lt;em&gt;Situation 1&lt;/em&gt; you can also hear the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me las &lt;strong&gt;apañé&lt;/strong&gt; para llegar a tiempo al tren&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Se las &lt;strong&gt;apañó&lt;/strong&gt; para llegar a tiempo al tren&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Se las ha &lt;strong&gt;apañado&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;) para llegar a tiempo al tren&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This last way is &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; colloquial. May be not as common as &lt;strong&gt;arreglé&lt;/strong&gt;, but still used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyaways your first two proposals were right. Everybody would understand it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T18:05:34.350" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T18:05:34.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16029" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-17T00:52:06.520" Score="2" ViewCount="17037" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etcétera se puede usar con abreviatura sin redundar con los puntos suspensivos, pero ¿cuál es la forma correcta de usar la abreviatura en el medio de un texto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... los elementos del panel pueden mostrar imágenes, videos, gráficos interactivos, botones, etc. que brindarán una mejor experiencia de usuario ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estrictamente la letra inicial de una palabra precedida de un punto debe iniciar en mayúscula, pero ¿para el caso de «etc» también?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿La abreviatura de «etcétera» siempre debe ser seguida por un punto (aunque no denote fin de la oración)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11981" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T13:56:38.403" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T16:44:04.210" Title="¿Cómo escribir etcétera después de abreviado?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16029" CreationDate="2016-02-17T02:19:55.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si indica una abreviatura, no hay que poner mayúscula, pero si indica el comienzo de una oración, obviamente sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... botones, etc. que ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;... botones, etc. Estos brindarán ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T02:19:55.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16033" CreationDate="2016-02-17T03:28:00.747" Score="2" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say: Learning spanish is hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure I can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendiendo español es muy dura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprender español es muy dura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or are they both appropriate? Google translate gives me the latter but I know that you can use gerund on its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T09:39:58.293" Title="Should I use gerund here or the infinitive?" Tags="&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16032" CreationDate="2016-02-17T03:38:32.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just the second one.  When a verb is used as a noun, it needs to go in the infinitive.  Also, as infinitives agree in the neuter (whose adjective form is the same as the masculine): &quot;Aprender español es muy &lt;strong&gt;difícil&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Typically you'll also want to use &lt;em&gt;difícil&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;duro&lt;/em&gt; typical means &lt;em&gt;hard&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;solid&lt;/em&gt; and contrasted with &lt;em&gt;soft&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;bland&lt;/em&gt;, rather than &lt;em&gt;easy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the gerund leaves a feeling like something is missing, that is to say &lt;em&gt;Aprendiendo español es muy difícil … aprender también el portugués.&lt;/em&gt; (It's hard to learn Portuguese &lt;em&gt;while&lt;/em&gt; learning Spanish).  Without it, the English would be &quot;It (what?) is very hard while learning Spanish&quot;, although if that &quot;it&quot; had already been mentioned, then it would make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T03:38:32.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16035" CreationDate="2016-02-17T03:41:54.147" Score="2" ViewCount="1283" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I want to say&#xA;&quot;from an hour to an hour and a half&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure this should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;de una hora a una hora y una media&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been googling around and there isn't much depth discussion on this sort of expression. When I threw this phrase into an online spanish checker, it told me that I should remove the una before media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T15:11:27.097" Title="How to give a range of time in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16034" CreationDate="2016-02-17T05:49:22.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the context I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hora a hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre hora y hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have &lt;code&gt;one&lt;/code&gt; as the minimum of your time range and no more than &lt;code&gt;two&lt;/code&gt; as the maximum, you can omit that in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hora a hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De una hora a dos horas y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, on the other hand, when you have a different minimum, you can omit the time &amp;quot;unit&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De tres a tres horas y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De diez a veinte años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T15:11:27.097" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16029" CreationDate="2016-02-17T09:34:02.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra etcétera forma parte de una enumeración pero la frase continúa, no debe desaparecer la coma después de usar la abreviatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Es una persona fuerte, valiente, &lt;strong&gt;etc.,&lt;/strong&gt; además de practicar baloncesto [...]”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El punto señala la abreviación de la palabra, en ningún momento realiza otra función. Sin embargo, en el caso del punto final de frase no sucede lo mismo: el punto que acompaña a etc. se pone para indicar que se ha abreviado la palabra y con este punto se entiende también que la frase concluye, por lo que &lt;strong&gt;sería incorrecto poner dos puntos 'etc..'&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“En esa tienda venden tartas, pasteles, bizcochos, &lt;strong&gt;etc.&lt;/strong&gt; Los dependientes son muy amables [...]”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11946" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T09:34:02.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16032" CreationDate="2016-02-17T09:39:58.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Second one is the correct answer. First one makes no sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprendiendo español es muy dur&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;. ✘&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprender español es muy dur&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;. ✔&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the &amp;quot;o&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11946" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T09:39:58.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16029" CreationDate="2016-02-17T09:47:33.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/etc%C3%A9tera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Etc&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;Leer este enlace con cierto escepticismo. No se trata de un enlace a la RAE&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira en la sección &lt;em&gt;Abreviatura etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre ha de llevar punto&lt;/em&gt; salvo si le precede otro signo de puntuación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El punto se emplea para cerrar la abreviatura, no como fin de sentencia. Y los puntos suspensivos no se emplean para elidir una repetición del &lt;em&gt;etc&lt;/em&gt;, sino para prolongar una pausa entre la oración que justo acaba y la siguiente. Dando tiempo al lector para reflexionar sobre lo que se acaba de decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;los elementos del panel pueden mostrar imágenes, videos, gráficos interactivos, botones, etc. que brindarán una mejor experiencia de usuario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apostaría por una coma antes del &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; dando al lector una pausa después de una enumeración más o menos 'larga'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los elementos del panel pueden mostrar imágenes, videos, gráficos interactivos, botones, etc., que brindarán una mejor experiencia de usuario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no estoy seguro, es si me arriesgaría con un punto y coma. No hay un cambio de idea tan drástico como para ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T16:44:04.210" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T16:44:04.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16034" CreationDate="2016-02-17T13:41:49.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;munchschair, you are confused with &amp;quot;una&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Una&amp;quot; can be omitted or used before &amp;quot;hora&amp;quot; in any case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think that &amp;quot;hora&amp;quot; is singular and &amp;quot;una&amp;quot; would force you to use &amp;quot;hora&amp;quot; in singular you know that &amp;quot;una&amp;quot; can be omitted if you want, so you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to express a range of time the more used expressions are&lt;code&gt;de/a&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;desde/hasta&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;entre/y&lt;/code&gt; like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; una hora &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; hora y media para llegar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para resolver el examen generalmente nos dan &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; una hora &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para resolver el examen generalmente nos dan &lt;strong&gt;entre&lt;/strong&gt; una hora &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; hora y media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all these examples you can omit &amp;quot;una&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For plural obviously you have to use the quantity and the plural &amp;quot;horas&amp;quot;. For the same previous 3 examples we have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;.....&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; dos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tres horas....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;.....&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; dos horas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tres.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;....&lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; dos &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; tres horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;...... &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; dos horas &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; tres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;.....&lt;strong&gt;entre&lt;/strong&gt; dos horas &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; tres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;.....&lt;strong&gt;entre&lt;/strong&gt; dos &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; tres horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all these you can add &amp;quot;y media&amp;quot;. i.e &amp;quot;dos horas y media&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is wrong in your question is &amp;quot;una media&amp;quot;. You should say &amp;quot;hora y media&amp;quot; &amp;quot;dos horas y media&amp;quot; or even &amp;quot;hora y cuarto&amp;quot; but never &amp;quot;dos horas y &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; media&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW. You could also move the placement of &amp;quot;horas&amp;quot;. It is also valid to say &amp;quot;tengo dos y media &lt;strong&gt;horas&lt;/strong&gt; para hacer la tarea&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T13:48:54.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16040" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-17T16:14:51.163" Score="5" ViewCount="3516" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herding_cats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Herding cats&quot;&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión que se usa para expresar lo difícil, caótico o frustrante de tratar de traer orden donde parece que las cosas no quieran tenerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Herding Cats: a frustrating attempt to control or organize a class of entities which are uncontrollable or chaotic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Herding&quot; viene a significar &quot;guiar&quot; o hacer de pastor. Un pastor puede guiar ovejas o vacas con relativa facilidad pero hacer de &quot;pastor de gatos&quot; es una tarea casi imposible. Los gatos no obedecen para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda rápida en google para ver si hay una traducción &quot;aceptada&quot; para esta expresión me muestra por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=herding%20cats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Poner orden en una jaula de grillos&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. La parte de &quot;poner orden&quot; está clara, pero &quot;jaula de grillos&quot; aunque hace referencia a algo casi como un manicomio es una referencia poco clara. Si buscamos &quot;Jaula de Grillos&quot; en google la mayoría de referencias son a una película (posiblemente la película acuñó el término en español) no a una expresión coloquial o idiomática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una traducción mejor para &quot;Herding Cats&quot; que &quot;poner orden en una jaula de grillos&quot;, &quot;poner orden en el manicomio&quot; o una traducción directa tipo &quot;Pastorear/guiar gatos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-29T19:10:13.280" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T15:03:35.693" Title="Traducción para &quot;herding cats&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2016-02-18T09:56:09.157" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque también está en inglés y se puede  emplear en un contexto no necesariamente caótico, me decantaría por: &lt;em&gt;coger al toro por los cuernos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase se puede usar para motivar, poner orden, seriedad en o ser constante, ... ¿acaso es el toro un animal controlable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/take_the_bull_by_the_horns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Take the bull by the horns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T11:13:06.223" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T11:13:06.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3419" CreationDate="2016-02-18T16:21:27.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No a todos los niños les gustan los payasos, así que hace años a los niños les contrataban payasos para sus fiestas y, aunque le tuvieran miedo, hacían que se tomaran la foto con el payaso. Por tanto, el payaso los tenía que cargar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso dicen &quot;ya te cargó el payaso&quot; aunque el niño llorara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11990" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-02-19T10:22:27.083" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T10:22:27.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16057" CreationDate="2016-02-19T09:08:40.863" Score="2" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tenemos un debate súper importante en la empresa sobre una expresión cotidiana española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente decimos &lt;strong&gt;&quot;chapa y pintura&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; cuando arreglamos la parte estética de algo sin arreglar su corazón, como por ejemplo, pintando un coche y cambiándole las partes dañadas exteriores para venderlo por mayor valor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta misma expresión en inglés podría ser &lt;strong&gt;put lipstick on a pig&lt;/strong&gt;, pero es muy vulgar y no me veo utilizándola en una reunión importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué maneras más o menos formales hay de decir &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Chapa y pintura&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2241" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T11:56:08.790" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T11:56:08.790" Title="Chapa y pintura en otros idiomas" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-22T15:01:12.157" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16045" CreationDate="2016-02-19T12:16:05.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;You can put lipstick on a pig. It's still a pig&quot; fue la frase usada por Obama en la campaña presidencial en 2008 y ganó. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que te parezca vulgar pero aparentemente para los norteamericanos es perfectamente natural y puede ser usada en público por lo que creo que es la mejor opción para &quot;chapa y pintura&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnkI0lyIzccu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnkI0lyIzccu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1840392,00.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Time magazine: A Brief History Of: 'Putting Lipstick on a Pig'&lt;/a&gt; la definición y uso en inglés es el mismo uso de &quot;chapa y pintura&quot; en España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's a phrase common in the car sales industry, used to describe&#xA;  taking a hunk of junk, brushing on a fresh coat of paint and selling&#xA;  it for full price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-19T12:26:16.377" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T12:26:16.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16048" CreationDate="2016-02-19T12:50:08.747" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish means oneself or yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El museo se abre todos los días.&#xA;The museum is opened every day.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; in the above sentence. I am a bit confused as to why it is necessary to indicate that museum is open. Isn't &lt;code&gt;abre&lt;/code&gt; enough? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T22:27:17.260" Title="Use of &quot;Se&quot; for opening times" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16047" CreationDate="2016-02-19T13:52:47.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is the impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is like saying &amp;quot;the museum opens &lt;code&gt;itself&lt;/code&gt; every day&amp;quot; meaning that an unterminated entity opens the museum given that it is not actually possible for the museum to open by itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is just like in English you can say it like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The museum opens every day = El museo abre todos los días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The museum is opened every day = El museo se abre todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right, &amp;quot;abre&amp;quot; is enough just like in English &amp;quot;opens&amp;quot; is enough, however there is also the impersonal form like in example 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a great link &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15971/cu%C3%A1les-funciones-tiene-se-dentro-de-un-an%C3%A1lisis-sint%C3%A1tico/15972#15972&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for all the &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; uses pointed out by dockeryZ, unfortunately in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T22:27:17.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16064" CreationDate="2016-02-19T16:45:16.713" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I was in a store and wanted to know if they had apples would I say to the clerk, 'tiene manzanas' or 'tienen manzanas'? I suspect the former although I'm not asking if he personnally has apples but rather does the store where he is working has them. I suppose in the southern United states, one might ask 'do you all have apples'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Update&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify a little, I'm more interested in the conjugate than the specific question. That is, when asking a representative of a business what the business has for sale or what services it offers do you use the singular or plural conjugate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T17:31:40.830" Title="Using Second Person Plural When Referring to a Business" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16049" CreationDate="2016-02-19T16:51:39.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would actually ask: ¿Se venden manzanas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asking &lt;em&gt;si alguien tiene algo&lt;/em&gt; does really sound like you're asking if they/that person personally has the item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-02-19T16:53:47.907" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T16:53:47.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16049" CreationDate="2016-02-19T16:51:44.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general you assume you are referring to the company instead of the clerk itself. Thus, to me it is more common to use the plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienen manzanas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would use the singular &quot;¿Tiene manzanas?&quot; if you were in a small shop that may be run by a unique person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T16:51:44.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16049" CreationDate="2016-02-19T17:06:38.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another way to ask is: &lt;em&gt;¿le quedan manzanas?&lt;/em&gt; (This implies that you know the market actually has apples, but you want to know if they have as much as you want.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are refering to two or more people, you can ask &lt;em&gt;¿tienen manzanas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If it's just one person, ask &lt;em&gt;¿tiene manzanas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T17:06:38.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16054" CreationDate="2016-02-20T06:30:07.730" Score="1" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;El contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P----- camina como travesti descaderado. ¿Cómo poronga consiguió seducir a la diosa del tango?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase aparece como un comentario a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTeVa7NCoTk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este video&lt;/a&gt;. El que lo escribió presumiblemente habla español de Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12001" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-20T12:04:05.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T12:16:25.280" Title="Significado de &quot;descaderado&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16053" CreationDate="2016-02-20T12:16:25.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clayla.com.ar/displasia.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;clayla.com.ar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es muy común escuchar que los perros de edad avanzada se “descaderan”. El término &lt;strong&gt;descaderado&lt;/strong&gt; hace referencia popularmente a la displasia y si nos referimos a animales de edad avanzada, en la mayoría de los casos no es la cadera la responsable de este problema, sino que se trata de afecciones de la columna dorsal o lumbar, mostrando grandes dificultades de desplazamiento y hasta paresias del tren posterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los perros descaderados se mueven poco, tienen problemas para incorporarse, se tambalean y en general son menos activos. El que escribió el comentario critica la forma de bailar de P---- comparándolo con un &quot;perro descaderado&quot;, probablemente refiriéndose a que sus movimientos son rígidos y no tienen ninguna gracia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T12:16:25.280" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16056" CreationDate="2016-02-20T15:41:01.823" Score="3" ViewCount="1785" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuché de pasada en un programa de televisión a un comentarista hablar de &quot;la model&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, refiriéndose a una señorita que ejerce el modelaje. Pensé que fue un lapsus, pero no, era sistemático y claramente se trataba de una especie de manifiesto personal acerca de la igualdad de género, como el que se ha dado con tanta frecuencia durante la última década.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE se dice explícitamente que &quot;modelo&quot; (con &quot;o&quot; final) es un sustantivo masculino y fémenino, lo cual me parece curioso considerando que, al menos a primera vista, el modelaje es una ocupación ejercida principalmente por mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por que no se hace en este caso la distinción modelo/modela como en el resto de los sustantivos? ¿Hay otros casos en los que la terminación &quot;o&quot; sirva para ambos géneros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:52:24.973" Title="Género de las profesionales del modelaje: ¿por qué no se dice &quot;la modela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16055" CreationDate="2016-02-20T16:32:49.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra modelo nos viene del italiano &lt;em&gt;modello&lt;/em&gt;, durante el Renacimiento (siglo XVI) que surgió en Italia y nos dio artistas como Miguel Ángel, Leonardo Da Vinci y Rafael. (...) La palabra italiana &lt;em&gt;modello&lt;/em&gt; es un diminutivo de la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;modus&lt;/em&gt; (manera, medida), que encontramos en varios términos legales como &lt;em&gt;modus operandi&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;modus vivendi.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?modelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimologias.dechile&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la profesión, la idea de &quot;modelo&quot; se refiere a un arquetipo. Ello puede interpretarse de distintas maneras: como un &quot;modelo de belleza&quot; que se pretende imitar, como una representación estándar de una pieza de ropa de algún diseñador, etc. El término modelo empezó siendo masculino por congruencia con la palabra latina de la que procede (&quot;modus&quot;). Desde entonces, el género no ha variado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos otros sustantivos que acaban en -o tanto para el género femenino como el masculino son &lt;em&gt;miembro, soprano, árbitro, piloto, soldado, sargento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, cabo o testigo&lt;/em&gt;, y algunas abreviaciones de profesiones como &lt;em&gt;fisio&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;otorrino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Según la RAE, cuando &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XJGE7Vc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sargento&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a &quot;suboficial de graduación inmediatamente superior al cabo mayor e inferior al sargento primero&quot;, aplica tanto al género femenino como al masculino. La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XJ5seWI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sargenta&lt;/a&gt; también existe, pero significa &quot;alabarda que llevaba el sargento&quot;, &quot;coloq. Mujer corpulenta, hombruna y de dura condición&quot; o &quot;coloq. Mujer del sargento&quot;.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T14:52:24.973" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:52:24.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16045" CreationDate="2016-02-21T13:31:52.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some plausable alternatives, maybe not perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thesaurus.com/browse/spruce%20up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spruce up&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;em&gt;Bonhag really wanted Cowperwood to &lt;strong&gt;spruce up&lt;/strong&gt; and show what he could do, socially or otherwise.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thesaurus.com/browse/make%20presentable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;make presentable&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;em&gt;A good-looking fellow, too; only wanting a little training to &lt;strong&gt;make presentable&lt;/strong&gt; anywhere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;neither of these are specific to selling a thing, nor repairing damage as much as just fixing the appearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the suspicion that &lt;em&gt;the fact&lt;/em&gt; that a phrase refers to the sale of a thing in english would make it necessarily somewhat more vulgar than any similar phrase that does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="11732" LastEditDate="2016-02-22T13:20:40.237" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T13:20:40.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15282" CreationDate="2016-02-21T15:04:37.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que dijo GMC con respeto a la conexión entre el francés y el español tiene sentido para mí. Que yo sepa, no se usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de 'tener relacionces' en otros idiomas europeas, sino el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo, así se traduce la frase &quot;¿Que tiene que ver con eso?&quot; en varios idiomas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alemán: Was hat das damit zu &lt;strong&gt;tun&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Italiano: Che cosa ha a che &lt;strong&gt;fare&lt;/strong&gt; con esso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Polaco: Co to ma wspólnego z tym &lt;strong&gt;zrobić&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a ésta forma gramática, el español y el francés me parecen únicos pero me temo que no sé por qué será eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastActivityDate="2016-02-21T15:04:37.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16061" CreationDate="2016-02-21T16:46:21.700" Score="5" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note the following two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Antes él había recogido las flores.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He had gathered the flowers earlier.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; había ganado un premio.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He had won a prize.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure the use is reflexive, so that it can be understood with this gloss &lt;em&gt;&quot;He had won for himself a prize.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't understand is why you'd bother to say that in the second example, but would tend not to bother with it in the first example (by making it &lt;em&gt;&quot;Antes, él se había recogido las flores.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;). There must be some classification of spanish verbs into groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intransitive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transitive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transitive w/ null subject reference&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something.. what are the verbs in the third group, like &lt;em&gt;ganar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw, I am aware of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5263/when-is-se-used-before-a-verb&quot;&gt;When is &quot;se&quot; used before a verb&lt;/a&gt; but I don't find the answer there to actually answer this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T20:37:02.350" Title="when se is needed for transitive verbs?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16059" CreationDate="2016-02-21T22:30:35.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two questions here: how to use &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and how to use &lt;strong&gt;personal pronouns&lt;/strong&gt;. &amp;quot;Se&amp;quot; can sometimes be a personal pronoun (as in &amp;quot;la mujer se mira en el espejo&amp;quot;) or just a pronoun with no &amp;quot;personal&amp;quot; meaning (as in &amp;quot;no se deben sacar conclusiones precipitadas&amp;quot;). You know &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is working as a personal pronoun when you can change the person and the pronoun &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; changes as well. Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mujer se mira en el espejo ➡ Yo me miro en el espejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;Se&amp;quot; changes to &amp;quot;me&amp;quot;. Therefore, &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is a personal pronoun here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se deben sacar conclusiones precipitadas ➡ No me debo sacar conclusiones precipitadas (?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; renders the whole sentence nonsensical. Therefore, &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; isn't a personal pronoun here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Él se había ganado un premio&amp;quot; is a case of personal-pronoun &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; (see how &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; changes to &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;yo me había ganado un premio&amp;quot;). Therefore, your question isn't about the pronoun &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;, but just about personal pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, knowing when to use personal pronouns is one of the trickiest things about Spanish. I identify four cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs that never take a personal pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs that always take a personal pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs that sometimes take a personal pronoun, but the meaning remains essentially the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs that sometimes take a personal pronoun, but the meaning changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there's little or no way to know how a verb works or in which category it falls. Transitiveness/intransitiveness is only a part of it, to which I'll come back later. Also, not even these categories are clear-cut. Consider the verb &amp;quot;ir/irse&amp;quot;. Both &amp;quot;voy al parque&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;me voy al parque&amp;quot; translate to &amp;quot;I'm going to the park&amp;quot;. I'd consider it a Case 3 verb. However, &amp;quot;voy&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;me voy&amp;quot; are clearly different, &amp;quot;voy&amp;quot; meaning &amp;quot;I'm coming&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;me voy&amp;quot; being &amp;quot;I'm leaving&amp;quot;. In that case, I'd consider it a Case 4 verb. So adding a circumstantial object changes the classification of the verb, which doesn't conform to the maxim of &amp;quot;circumstantial objects are merely circumstantial; omitting them doesn't change the essence of the sentence&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[If I get to find one, I'll post a list of some common verbs and the category they generally fall into.]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Antes él (se) había recogido las flores&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;quot;Antes él se había recogido las flores&amp;quot;, you are dealing with a personal pronoun as well (consider &amp;quot;yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; había recogido las flores&amp;quot;). &amp;quot;Recoger/recogerse&amp;quot; would fall in the Case 3 category. In this case, the personal pronoun is used when the object that is being gathered belongs to oneself, but it doesn't change its meaning. Other examples of such usage are &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; duele la pierna&amp;quot; (&lt;strong&gt;my&lt;/strong&gt; leg hurts) or &amp;quot;no &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; veo las manos&amp;quot; (I can't see &lt;strong&gt;my&lt;/strong&gt; hands). So this sentence would actually translate as &amp;quot;He had gathered &lt;strong&gt;his&lt;/strong&gt; flowers earlier&amp;quot;. Note this use is pretty much restricted to parts of one's body or things intimately related to it, such as one's clothes. If the flowers belong to him but are in the ground, then &amp;quot;Antes él se había recogido las flores&amp;quot; will sound odd. If the flowers, however, were a part of his costume, then it would sound natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Él (se) había ganado un premio&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;quot;Él se había ganado un premio&amp;quot;, I would consider &amp;quot;ganar/ganarse&amp;quot; to be somewhere between Case 3 and Case 4. Here, the personal pronoun would be an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ethic_dative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ethic dative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; — not a reflexive pronoun. Whether the meaning changes or not is debatable. I personally feel &amp;quot;ganar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;ganarse&amp;quot; are different things: &amp;quot;ganarse&amp;quot; is more related to one's behaviour, and may come across as a slightly patronizing thing to say depending on the context. &amp;quot;Ganar&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;win/earn&amp;quot;, and &amp;quot;ganarse&amp;quot; would rather be &amp;quot;get oneself&amp;quot;. Therefore, they aren't always freely interchangeable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phelps ganó varias medallas de oro.&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Phelps se ganó varias medallas de oro&amp;quot; doesn't sound natural. Here you can see the &amp;quot;win&amp;quot; part of &amp;quot;ganar&amp;quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pepe se ganó una mala reputación.&lt;/em&gt; (Again, &amp;quot;Pepe ganó una mala reputación&amp;quot; wouldn't sound too natural. Here you can see the &amp;quot;get oneself&amp;quot; part of &amp;quot;ganarse&amp;quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Transitiveness vs intransitiveness&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding transitiveness/intransitiveness, when a verb generally takes a DO, but in a certain sentence it doesn't, then a personal pronoun is added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I move the vase = Muevo el jarrón. ➡ Move/mover is transitive.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I move = &lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; muevo. ➡ Move/moverse is intransitive.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I lean the tower = Inclino la torre. ➡ Lean/inclinar is transitive.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The tower leans = La torre &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; inclina ➡ Lean/inclinarse is intransitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the verb can't take (or rarely takes) a DO, then generally you don't need a personal pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run = Corro ➡ Run/correr is always intransitive.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I jump = Salto ➡ Jump/saltar is always intransitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are exceptions. Just to name one, &amp;quot;caer&amp;quot; is always intransitive although it generally takes a personal pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fell (off) my chair = &lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; caí de la silla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, to know whether a verb takes a personal pronoun or not and what difference it makes you first have to know to which category it belongs. A lot of personal pronouns are actually just ethic datives, and can be omitted without the sentence changing its meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, ethic datives are rare compared to Spanish, and they don't work the same way. A canonical example of Spanish ethic dative is &amp;quot;comerse&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; comí una hamburguesa&amp;quot;. If you consider that &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; a Direct or Indirect Object you would be saying you ate yourself. Conversely, ethic datives have no syntactic  function in the sentence, let alone a DO or IO. Therefore, they can be freely omitted with little or no change in meaning, but of course not all verbs can take an ethic dative. When they can and when they can't is, again, impossible to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T20:37:02.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2016-02-22T01:11:49.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas respuestas interesantes. Sin embargo, pienso que no sería el modo de utilizarlas cotidianamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver más allá del problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser de mente abierta o Tener la mente abierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase que más me hace pensar en &amp;quot;thinking outside the box&amp;quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Romper el molde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un uso sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Este producto es revolucionario. La empresa &lt;strong&gt;rompió el molde&lt;/strong&gt; con el nuevo diseño...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T01:11:49.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3800" CreationDate="2016-02-22T03:34:55.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Venezuela, I learned to always respond with the form &quot;Habla José,&quot; even with friends and family. I think that the formality of the statement will vary from country to country, but grammatically, at least, it's correct and fluent Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T03:34:55.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16049" CreationDate="2016-02-22T10:36:09.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When asking a representative of a business what the business has for&#xA;  sale or what services it offers do you use the singular or plural&#xA;  conjugate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use plural conjugate for sale and also for services. I agree @ferdoqui: I would use the singular only in a small shop that may be run by a unique person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Aquí alquilan coches? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tienen pantalones azules de mi talla?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un negocio unipersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Alquila (usted) coches?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene pantalones azules de mi talla?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of doubt I use plural conjugate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-02-22T17:31:40.830" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T17:31:40.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-22T20:57:30.320" Score="2" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across in reading, verbs like &lt;strong&gt;levantar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;despertar&lt;/strong&gt; used intransitively in sentences like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella levantaba con buena cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despertaron temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this mean that in literature one may use verbs intransitively that in speech would be used with the reflexive pronoun (i.e., levantarse, despertarse)?&#xA;Or am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12014" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:25:53.903" Title="levantar, despertar, etc" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16065" CreationDate="2016-02-22T23:57:48.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right, some verbs are indeed used without the personal pronoun in literary contexts, but not all types of pronouns can be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethic datives&lt;/strong&gt;, for example, can. Ethic datives are pronouns that emphasise the agency of the subject, its relationship with the object, a special interest in the matter, etc. They are common in conversational Spanish, but speakers tend to avoid them in more formal or literary contexts. Look how these sentences look much more formal by just omitting the pronoun (and how the meaning remains unchanged):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; leo dos libros a la semana ⇒ Leo dos libros a la semana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; recorrí la plaza de arriba abajo ⇒ Recorrí la plaza de arriba abajo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; comí una pizza entera ⇒ Comí una pizza entera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now here's an example in the wild from a translation of Alice in Wonderland:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Todo parecía haber cambiado desde que cayó en el charco&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The standard construction would have been &quot;se cayó&quot;, but &quot;se&quot; is omitted to render the sentence more literary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indirect Objects&lt;/strong&gt; pronouns can also be omitted to the same effect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dígale al señor López que pase a mi oficina ⇒ Diga al señor López que pase a mi oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOs can &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; be omitted when they are duplicated, and therefore they are redundant. Look how in the sentence above &quot;le&quot; refers to &quot;al señor López&quot; but both are present in the sentence, so one could argue one of them is unnecessary. For the same reason, the IO cannot be omitted if it isn't duplicated because then it wouldn't be redundant anymore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dígale que pase a mi oficina ⇒ Diga que pase a mi oficina (?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence is incomplete because a non-redundant pronoun has been omitted, thus damaging the integrity of the sentence. The fact IOs are only omitted when they are redundant means there will always be something telling you what the IO is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what about &lt;strong&gt;Direct Object&lt;/strong&gt; pronouns? Well, to be omitted they would have to be redundant (that is, duplicated) but, while IOs are almost always duplicated, DOs hardly ever are. That means they aren't generally omitted (and even when they are, that wouldn't make the sentence intransitive because you would have another element telling you what the DO is). But omitting a duplicated DO pronoun isn't as simple as with IOs. Consider the following examples (the DO is italicized and the DO pronoun is in bold letters):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;em&gt;Las razones&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; conozco de sobra. (Duplicated pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (2) &lt;em&gt;Mucho dinero&lt;/em&gt; me he gastado como para que ahora todo se vaya al garete. (Omitted pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (3) &lt;em&gt;Las bebidas&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; compras tú. (Duplicated pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (4) &lt;em&gt;Varios libros&lt;/em&gt; tengo que te pueden interesar. (Omitted pronoun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interesting thing about these sentences is that they are the only grammatically correct option. That is, &lt;em&gt;all of the following are wrong:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;em&gt;Las razones&lt;/em&gt; conozco de sobra. (Omitted pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (2) &lt;em&gt;Mucho dinero&lt;/em&gt; me &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; he gastado como para que ahora todo se vaya al garete. (Duplicated pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (3) &lt;em&gt;Las bebidas&lt;/em&gt; compras tú. (Omitted pronoun)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (4) &lt;em&gt;Varios libros&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tengo que te pueden interesar. (Duplicated pronoun)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, why is it that the DO must be omitted only in certain cases but duplicated in others? I haven't been able to find any reference so all I can say is what I &lt;em&gt;feel&lt;/em&gt; is the reason: generally, when a DO is concrete (&lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; razones, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; bebidas) it is duplicated; when it is indefinite (&lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; dinero, &lt;em&gt;varios&lt;/em&gt; libros) it isn't&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Again, this is only a feeling and may not be true for all cases, so take it with a grain of salt!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: If course, this is only true if the DO is placed before the verb. When it's placed after it, it's always omitted except in some Rioplatense dialects.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole point of this (long—sorry for that!) explanation is to make evident that omitting a pronoun &lt;em&gt;doesn't omit any information&lt;/em&gt;. If it's an &lt;strong&gt;ethic dative&lt;/strong&gt;, then you didn't even need it to start with, so omitting it wouldn't change a thing. If it's an &lt;strong&gt;Indirect Object&lt;/strong&gt;, then you would only omit it if it's duplicated, so again: no loss of information. If it's a &lt;strong&gt;Direct Object&lt;/strong&gt;, you would only (but not always) omit it when it's duplicated, so the same thing applies. Therefore, &lt;em&gt;the category of a verb (transitive or intransitive) isn't affected in any way by omitting a pronoun because the same amount of information is being provided—only expressed in a more succinct way.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Ella se levantaba con buena cara&quot;, the pronoun &quot;se&quot; is working as a reflexive pronoun. Only ethic datives, DO pronouns and IO pronouns can be omitted, but not reflexive pronouns, so &quot;Ella levantaba con buena cara&quot; is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Se despertaron temprano&quot;, the verb &quot;despertar/despertarse&quot; isn't easily classifiable. You can consider the pronoun &quot;se&quot; an ethic dative, a pronomimal verb marker or a reflexive pronoun and all of them make sense. So &quot;Despertaron temprano&quot; is technically correct, but it sounds unnecessarily poetic to my ear. Curiously, the similar sentence &quot;En cuanto desperté, me acordé de ti&quot; sounds much more natural to me, maybe because you can hear it more often. Either way, I recommend just avoiding using &quot;despertar&quot; without the pronoun altogether if you want to sound natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T14:25:53.903" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:25:53.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T15:49:07.700" Score="1" ViewCount="422" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unsure how to refer to the Present Perfect tense in Spanish as I teach it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Presente Perfecto, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Preterito Perfecto, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Perfecto de Indicativo &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something else? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12024" LastEditorUserId="7231" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T17:39:15.990" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T17:39:15.990" Title="What is the appropriate name for the Present Perfect tense in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16067" CreationDate="2016-02-23T17:53:26.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of different naming systems for the various tenses (and even the moods to which they pertain!), and different authors have consistently used one or another, and there are valid reasons for using each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the temporal and aspectual parts exclusively any of the following, we get the following names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;because it takes place in the past (pretérito), is a complete action (perfecto), and uses two words (compuesto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presente perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;because it is conjugated in the present (presente), but represents a completed action (perfecto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antepresente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;because it represents an action that occurs before (ante) an action grounded in the present (presente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All three of these can be represented either in the indicativo (adding &lt;em&gt;de&lt;sub&gt;(l &lt;sub&gt;(modo)&lt;/sub&gt; )&lt;/sub&gt; indicativo&lt;/em&gt; or the subjunctive &lt;em&gt;de&lt;sub&gt;(l &lt;sub&gt;(modo)&lt;/sub&gt; )&lt;/sub&gt; subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T17:53:26.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T22:05:02.893" Score="5" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a term for modal auxiliaries in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a - hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo - hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo - hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que - hacer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you call the first verb in these compounds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T23:09:39.993" Title="Modals in spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16069" CreationDate="2016-02-23T22:40:31.737" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.materialesdelengua.org/LENGUA/morfologia/perifrasis/perifrasisverbales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;perífrasis verbales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, where the first verb is the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;verbo auxiliar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and the second is the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;verbo auxiliado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. The preposition between them is the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nexo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some more examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express beginning: &lt;em&gt;Empezar a, comenzar a, iniciar a, principiar a, ponerse a [verbo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express an intention or future action: &lt;em&gt;Ir a, pensar [verbo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express repetition: &lt;em&gt;Volver a [verbo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express continuity: &lt;em&gt;Estar [ger], seguir [ger], continuar [ger]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express ending: &lt;em&gt;Terminar de, dejar de, cesar de [verbo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course, &lt;em&gt;deber, soler&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;poder [verbo]&lt;/em&gt;. In your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer ⇒ Voy (verbo auxiliar) a (nexo) hacer (verbo auxiliado)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Puedo hacer ⇒ Puedo (verbo auxiliar) hacer (verbo auxiliado)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Debo hacer ⇒ Debo (verbo auxiliar) hacer (verbo auxiliado)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tengo que hacer ⇒ Tengo (verbo auxiliar) que (nexo) hacer (verbo auxiliado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PTIBs9h&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;modal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; exists in Spanish, but it's restricted to certain kind of verbs: only the &lt;em&gt;perífrasis verbales&lt;/em&gt; that tell you something about the speaker's attitude towards the action are &quot;perífrasis modales&quot; (for example, &quot;pienso irme&quot;). The rest of them are &quot;perífrasis aspectuales&quot; (for example, &quot;me estoy yendo&quot;). Either way, what English speakers would call &quot;modal verb&quot; is &lt;em&gt;verbo auxiliar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T23:03:16.637" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T23:03:16.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2016-02-24T00:23:05.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Poner orden en una jaula de grillos es muy similar. Trying to put order in a cage of crickets is chaotic as well, crickets won't stay put just like cats. The Colombian expression &quot;(en)filar micos (monos o changos) para una foto&quot; will have slightly better chances but will have similar results. También podrías usar &quot;Llevar adolescentes al museo es como arrear gatos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12028" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T00:23:05.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2016-02-24T13:56:11.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que hay muchas expresiones para expresar esto, algunas groseras, otras un poco más amplias en su acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;hacerle la p*** a un muerto&quot; decíamos en la secundaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;arar el mar&quot; como dijeron en los comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;pastorear gatos&quot; nunca la oí en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;como cenicero en moto&quot; y &quot;como bocina de avión&quot; no implican el esfuerzo sino la mera futilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá lo que necesitamos es una persona mayor. Generalmente son las que más expresiones idiomáticas tienen en su conocimiento :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4126" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T13:56:11.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16075" CreationDate="2016-02-25T15:43:13.913" Score="2" ViewCount="1556" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to express hours of operation in Spanish. I have made the attempt but am not sure if this is correct, and can't find much online on how this should go in spoken rather than written Spanish. Would appreciate a correction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Nuestras horas de operación son: lunes hasta sábado, a las nueve de la mañana hasta nueve de la noche, domingo a las diez de la mañana hasta siete de la tarde&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, what I'm wanting to express in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Our hours of operation are: Monday through Saturday, 9 AM to 9 PM, Sunday 10 AM to 7 PM&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12038" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-28T08:46:19.467" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T08:46:19.467" Title="Hours and days of operation in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16074" CreationDate="2016-02-25T16:16:47.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usualmente se recalca el inicio del horario con la preposición &quot;de&quot; - &quot;from&quot;,  y haces la relación o marcas el rango con la preposición &quot;a&quot; - &quot;to&quot;, para el ejemplo que das sería: &lt;code&gt;nuestras horas de operación son: de 9 a. m. a 9 p. m.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero otra forma de decirlo de manera plural sería: &lt;code&gt;desde las 9 a. m. hasta las 9 p. m.&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;nota que en este caso las preposiciones cambian y se agrega el pronombre &quot;las&quot; sin embargo las dos maneras son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el caso de los días es prácticamente igual: &lt;code&gt;desde el lunes hasta el sábado&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;de lunes a sábado&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regularmente se usa la manera corta: &lt;code&gt;de lunes a sábado de 9 a. m. a 9 p. m., domingo de 10 a. m. a 7 p. m.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usualmente se usa &quot;mañana&quot; para sustituir &quot;a. m.&quot; y tarde para sustituir &quot;p. m.&quot; pero en algunos países las 7 p. m. es noche y no &quot;tarde&quot;, por lo que es mejor usar las abreviaturas. &quot;a. m.&quot; &quot;p. m.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T17:48:59.617" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T17:48:59.617" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16074" CreationDate="2016-02-25T16:49:31.227" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I've never heard &quot;horas de operación&quot; in Spain. Some other expressions that sound more familiar to me are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Horario comercial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Horario de servicio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Horario de atención&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Horario de funcionamiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to keep it with the word &quot;operación&quot;, I suggest &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;horario&lt;/em&gt; de operación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in Spain the 24-hour time notation is more popular (only when writing, of course. Rarely do you hear &quot;Son las diecinueve y veinticinco&quot;). I don't know if that's the case for other Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also change some prepositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lunes &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; sábado, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; nueve de la mañana &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; nueve de la noche, domingo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; diez de la mañana &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; siete de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lunes &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; sábado, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; 09:00 &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; 21:00, domingo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; 10:00 &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; 19:00.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how I dropped some of the articles. When communicating this kind of things, you want to be succint. People can read it faster, process it easily and remember it better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T10:56:02.400" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T10:56:02.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16077" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T23:56:10.357" Score="6" ViewCount="1011" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sustantivo &quot;América&quot; es feminino y &quot;latino&quot; es adjetivo. Así, ya que los adjetivos han de concordar con los sustantivos que modifican, ¿por qué se usa &quot;latino&quot; en lugar &quot;latina&quot; en el sustantivo compuesto &quot;Latinoamérica&quot;? ¿No debe ser &quot;Latinaamérica&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The noun &quot;América&quot; is feminine and &quot;latino&quot; is an adjective. So, given that adjectives have to agree with the nouns they modify, why is &quot;latino&quot; used instead of &quot;latina&quot; in the compound noun &quot;Latinoamérica? Shouldn't it be &quot;Latinaamérica&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11906" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:02:32.813" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:23:07.237" Title="¿Latinoamérica: por qué se usa &quot;latino&quot; con un sustantivo feminino?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16077" CreationDate="2016-02-26T00:32:02.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the word &quot;latinoamérica&quot;, &quot;latino&quot;is word component and not an adjective.  Agreement does not apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T00:32:02.390" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16077" CreationDate="2016-02-26T03:33:01.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con @Ustanak. El uso de doble vocal, tal como sería el caso si fuese escrita &quot;latinaamérica&quot; es evitado por lo general por convenciones comunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abundan ejemplos en el castellano, más comúnmente observados en el uso del artículo definitivo &quot;el&quot; delante de sustantivos que comienzan con el sonido &quot;a&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observe &quot;el agua&quot;, &quot;el águila&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12018" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T13:06:55.653" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T13:06:55.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-26T19:58:03.780" Score="3" ViewCount="904" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando un rato y no he podido encontrar una traducción, formal o informal de &quot;pretty print&quot; en español. No sé si es uno de esos términos en los que siempre se usa el anglicismo o si hay una traducción aceptada que yo no he sabido encontrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos sitios mencionan &lt;code&gt;Coloración sintáctica&lt;/code&gt; que a mí no me vale, porque si estoy en el &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;MongoDB&lt;/em&gt; no tengo colores de ningún tipo, pero al usar &lt;em&gt;find()&lt;/em&gt; puedo decirle que me lo &quot;haga bonito&quot;  o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;más legible&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; con db.col.find().pretty() y el &quot;bonito&quot; se debe al formateo del texto, en lugar de a la coloración. ¿Diría entonces que &lt;em&gt;Mongo&lt;/em&gt; me lo está &lt;strong&gt;&quot;imprimiendo bonito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, que es la traducción más literal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá se usa alguno de esos términos como &quot;imprimir (más) legible&quot; o &quot;imprimir bonito&quot; y yo simplemente no los he escuchado nunca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna traducción aceptada para el término &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prettyprint&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pretty print&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; como lo entendemos en informática que es mejorar la presentación de un texto para que no salga como una fila de caracteres sino que se presente con los saltos de línea adecuados para mejorar la legibilidad del texto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*La entrada es de la wikipedia. No deja de llamarme la atención que la entrada de &quot;pretty print&quot; no tiene traducción al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T13:02:23.073" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T15:52:48.523" Title="¿Hay una traducción aceptada para &quot;pretty print&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2016-02-26T20:16:27.503" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo he visto en herramientas IDE y editores de texto de desarrollo desde hace mucho tiempo y siempre se refiere a volver a dar formato al texto del código fuente que se está escribiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que algunas alternativas serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Re)formatear el código.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar formato al código.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reordenar el código/texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos &amp;quot;pretty prints&amp;quot; lo único que hacen es indentar el código sin capitalizar las palabras clave o adicionar saltos de línea por lo que &amp;quot;reindentar el código&amp;quot; también podría ser una opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICIÓN:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atendiendo la observación de @guifa donde con toda razón dice que &amp;quot;indentar&amp;quot; es anglicismo debería entonces en su lugar utilizarse &amp;quot;sangrar&amp;quot; que tiene la siguiente definición según la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Impr. Empezar un renglón más adentro que los otros de la plana, como se hace con el primero de cada párrafo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo un poco complicado que los desarrolladores comencemos a hablar de resangrar el código, pero el Español es el Español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T22:30:22.777" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16085" CreationDate="2016-02-27T02:59:19.963" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the following translation correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here I am, me, the Callas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here I am, it's me, the Callas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, not sure... :/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12021" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T03:05:08.603" Title="Acá estoy, yo, la Callas… English translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16084" CreationDate="2016-02-27T03:05:08.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with the first one, since that &quot;yo&quot; in &lt;code&gt;Acá estoy, yo, la Callas&lt;/code&gt; is stressing a reference to self.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The option with &lt;code&gt;Here I am, it's me&lt;/code&gt;, since it has that &quot;it's&quot; would be closer to &quot;Acá estoy, &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; yo, la Callas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not that there is much distance between one and another, but if you add that &quot;it's&quot; then in Spanish you'll likely have a verb too (and viceversa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T03:05:08.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16094" CreationDate="2016-02-27T04:40:13.863" Score="1" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Maestro Da Vinci, no hace falta que se presente, todo el mundo habla de Usted.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the correct translation of &quot;Maestro&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Professor Da Vinci&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Master Da Vinci&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Teacher Da Vinci&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12021" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T00:04:21.630" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T17:30:19.523" Title="Maestro Da Vinci — Traducción en ingles" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-29T21:43:33.293" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16097" CreationDate="2016-02-28T06:04:07.307" Score="2" ViewCount="2725" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just recently stumbled across the very existence of the Subjunctive tense a few days ago. Just yesterday I was talking to my Guatemalan friend asking her if she could explain it a little better for me, and she said she didn't even know what it was. I explained it first as &quot;when you say 'quieras' or 'puedas' instead of 'quieres' or 'puedes'.&quot; She still didn't understand, so I tried to give examples such as &quot;si quieras caminar, podemos&quot; or &quot;espero que puedas caminar&quot; and she still said that was wrong. I am sorta confused now because I thought the subjunctive was used to express doubt  or emotion, and I was seeking her help to better explain it to me and, primarily, to give me examples. I did not expect her to not know it, especially sense I've read that it's very commonly used. I know my examples were probably completely wrong (and please tell me if they were), but I thought she would at least be able to correct me. My question is: is this just a part of Spanish that is &quot;proper&quot; and not used in daily life? Is it a regional thing- some countries use it and others don't? Or were my examples just too misleading? (I should also note, she came here (the United States) in 8th grade and has only been here for a year. She has come to speak English very well, and I don't know about her education in Guatemala or lack thereof.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12055" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T19:37:42.037" Title="How often is subjunctive tense used?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-28T16:46:53.533" Score="1" ViewCount="1718" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been revising vocabulary and I noticed that these two verbs have the same definition. Can someone, please clarify what the difference is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12059" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T15:25:49.750" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T15:25:49.750" Title="What is the difference between »aparcar« and »estacionar«?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-02-28T17:18:44.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are pretty related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aparcar&lt;/em&gt; means you can leave your vehicle temporarily in a place. (Probably with people inside.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;estacionar&lt;/em&gt; means you can leave your vehicle, empty inside, and for a longer time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I'd say the use is regional. I've seen on TV that people often use &lt;em&gt;aparcar&lt;/em&gt; over &lt;em&gt;estacionar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T17:18:44.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-28T17:23:24.353" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Also, I am considering whether I should get a new or used one.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure I can say :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;También, estoy considerando si debería obtener uno nuevo o vieja.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? &#xA;I use this app and it is telling me that I have to use imperfect subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:36:00.853" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:36:00.853" Title="Am I using the conditional correctly?" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16086" CreationDate="2016-02-28T17:30:19.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; is often taken as &lt;em&gt;maestro&lt;/em&gt;, but this can be used on different situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can see my father as a &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; and he didn't even go to the university or even went to some academic school.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;em&gt;teacher&lt;/em&gt; can also be considered a &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; since their students praise him/her because of his/her knowledge.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The term &lt;em&gt;professor&lt;/em&gt; is often used for university, so you wouldn't normally call &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;professor.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even workers such as plumbers, electricians, builders, etc. are often called &lt;em&gt;masters&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, seen in a more general way, &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; is used as &lt;em&gt;maestro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T17:30:19.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16093" CreationDate="2016-02-28T17:38:34.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks good, but one minor point: be always careful with gender agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;... obtener uno nuevo o viejo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;... obtener una nueva o vieja.&lt;/em&gt; (Context will decide whether you use the masculine or feminine gender.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;debería&lt;/em&gt; is not often used as a conditional, it's actually an &lt;em&gt;advice&lt;/em&gt; or the right thing we believe we can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T17:54:46.010" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T17:54:46.010" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16088" CreationDate="2016-02-28T17:44:56.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, note the subjunctive is a &lt;strong&gt;mood&lt;/strong&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;modo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish), not a tense (or &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish). Spanish verbs can be conjugated considering the mood and the tense. There are three moods: indicative, imperative and subjunctive, all of which comprise different tenses. The conditional was considered a mood as well some decades ago, but now &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15930/is-conditional-in-spanish-a-tense-or-a-mood#comment18729_15930&quot;&gt;it’s considered a tense within the indicative mood&lt;/a&gt;. For further clarification see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edu.xunta.es/centros/iesastelleiras/?q=system/files/CONJUGACI%C3%93N+DE+VERBOS+REGULARES.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this conjugation table&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is this just a part of Spanish that is &quot;proper&quot; and not used in daily life?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolutely not. The subjunctive mood is key in Spanish and it works both on a grammatical and a semantic level. Sometimes its use is necessary just because a given verb requires it (grammatical level), and sometimes its use will change the meaning of the sentence (semantic level). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of the grammatical level would be: &lt;em&gt;la lluvia hizo que el parque se inundara&lt;sup&gt;sub&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la lluvia inundó&lt;sup&gt;ind&lt;/sup&gt; el parque&lt;/em&gt;. Both sentences mean pretty much the same thing, but the first requires a subjunctive tense because &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; is a &quot;verb of influence&quot; and such verbs are generally followed by a subjunctive. However, this subjunctive doesn't indicate any doubt or emotion (the park &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt; flooded, there's no uncertainty whatsoever), so it's semantically superflous, but mandatory for the sentence to be grammatical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of the semantic level would be adjectival clauses, already adressed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15178/subjuntivo-vs-indicativo-estaci%C3%B3n-que-me-sirve-sirva/15179#15179&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15178/subjuntivo-vs-indicativo-estaci%C3%B3n-que-me-sirve-sirva/15179#15179&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; (both in Spanish). Consider the sentences: &lt;em&gt;Quiero un vestido que es&lt;sup&gt;ind&lt;/sup&gt; rojo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Quiero un vestido que sea&lt;sup&gt;sub&lt;/sup&gt; rojo&lt;/em&gt;. In the fields of grammar, both are equally correct; but in the fields of semantics, there's a difference in meaning, the former indicating the dress is a specific one and the latter indicating it's an indefinite one, which is related to the next question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is it a regional thing- some countries use it and others don't?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I highly doubt there's any Spanish speaking country with no subjunctive at all. As explained above, the subjunctive mood may change the meaning of a sentence, so its exclusion would impoverish the language. Now, it is also a possibility that its usage varies from one country to another (and I wouldn't be surprised if that were the case). However, I'm sceptical about the idea that there's any country in the world where &lt;em&gt;&quot;espero que &lt;strong&gt;puedes&lt;/strong&gt; caminar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is acceptable. Maybe in Guatemala it is; after all, I've never been there. It sounds fishy, though. Either way, if there's any country where the subjunctive mood doesn't exist, such dialect would be deemed as incorrect by any Spanish speaker that doesn't know it exists (disclaimer: no dialect is &quot;incorrect&quot;, but some could be so non-standard that whoever is not familiar with it or has never heard about it would consider it wrong, so it isn't advisable for learners).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Were my examples just too misleading?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one actually was a little misleading. In &lt;em&gt;&quot;si quieras caminar, podemos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, you are dealing with conditionals. As you probably know, there are four types of conditional sentences in English (type 0, type 1, type 2 and type 3), as well as mixed conditionals. Conditionals in Spanish should be fairly easy to understand because they work almost exactly the same way they do in English. In &quot;if you want to go for a walk, we can&quot;, you have no subjunctives, so you don't need them in Spanish either. The correct sentence would be: &lt;em&gt;&quot;si &lt;strong&gt;quieres&lt;/strong&gt; caminar, podemos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Your second sentence was fine because &quot;espero que&quot; expresses a wish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what to tell you about your friend. Maybe it's a dialectical thing, maybe you were pronouncing it in a way she didn't understand you, or maybe it's something else. The subjuntive mood is certainly used in daily life, even among groups with no formal education, although not everybody is aware of it or consciously knows about moods or how the rules that govern them work. In my opinion, when learning the most technical aspects of a language, few people besides teachers are more useful than a good text book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Some interesting readings on the subjunctive mood (only in Spanish):&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjwwKnC_5rLAhUi_XIKHbq1AUMQFggmMAE&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fdescarga%2Farticulo%2F5122628.pdf&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNHX-WBNzs9vueQxdXReeyY3jwDdEw&amp;amp;sig2=fFoTEqpTw8e1WH1_bi8_-A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aproximación al subjuntivo en las subordinadas adjetivas explicativas&lt;/a&gt;, by Vásquez González.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj_wvX6_5rLAhWJ_nIKHTN5ADIQFggcMAA&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fdescarga%2Farticulo%2F4414740.pdf&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNH6nIXLwV9likU5tpqE-49KzPWFIA&amp;amp;sig2=2JYWiXaxYO6auLwFUYLvWg&amp;amp;bvm=bv.115339255,d.bGQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los modos verbales del español actual&lt;/a&gt;, by Vásquez González.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T19:37:42.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-02-29T09:21:04.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/aparcarestacionarparquear/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source of information: Fundeu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tanto aparcar, estacionar como parquear tienen el mismo significado.&#xA;  Estos tres verbos se usan en diferentes zonas hispanohablantes y las&#xA;  tres formas son adecuadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Centroamérica y los países del norte de Sudamérica lo más habitual&#xA;  es parquear en los parqueos, excepto en Colombia, donde se parquea en&#xA;  el parqueadero. En estos países, también se utiliza estacionar en los&#xA;  estacionamientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los países del Cono Sur (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay…) se usan&#xA;  solamente el verbo estacionar y el sustantivo estacionamiento. Y en&#xA;  otros, como Ecuador, se utilizan indistintamente parquear y&#xA;  estacionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además, aparcar solo se usa en España, cuyo sustantivo es&#xA;  aparcamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así pues, son adecuadas estas frases encontradas en los medios de&#xA;  comunicación: «Aparcar en la Via Augusta será de pago a partir de&#xA;  hoy», «Mataró ofrece estacionar gratis en zona azul durante el verano»&#xA;  y «Al ejecutarse la propuesta en aquellos lugares no se podrán&#xA;  parquear automotores».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo con la adaptación de la voz inglesa, usamos &lt;em&gt;parquear&lt;/em&gt; y fácilmente podríamos escribir &lt;em&gt;parking&lt;/em&gt;, pero la RAE recomienda &lt;em&gt;parquin&lt;/em&gt; (sin g! aunque no creo que los letreros de muchas ciudades cambien).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;parquin. Adaptación gráfica propuesta para la voz inglesa parking,&#xA;  ‘lugar destinado al aparcamiento de automóviles’. Su plural debe ser&#xA;  párquines (→ plural, 1g): «El que ha salido en defensa de los&#xA;  párquines ha sido el concejal de Seguridad, [...] que asegura [...]&#xA;  que no hay ningún aparcamiento peligroso en la capital» (Cadena SER&#xA;  [Esp., corpus oral] 3.11.96). Aunque, por su extensión, se admite el&#xA;  uso del anglicismo adaptado, se recomienda usar con preferencia voces&#xA;  españolas de sentido equivalente, como aparcamiento, en España:&#xA;  «Caminó hacia su coche, situado en un aparcamiento cercano» (Millás&#xA;  Desorden [Esp. 1988]); y, en América, según las zonas,&#xA;  estacionamiento, parqueo, parqueadero y playa (de estacionamiento),&#xA;  referida esta última, en especial, al situado en una explanada al aire&#xA;  libre: «Estaba buscando el carro en el estacionamiento» (Aguilera&#xA;  Pelota [Ec. 1988]); «Estaban estacionados en los parqueos de la&#xA;  Presidencia» (Prensa [Nic.] 24.7.97); «El parqueadero de la Plaza de&#xA;  Toros estaba ya repleto» (Gamboa Páginas [Col. 1998]); «Mientras&#xA;  entraba a la playa de estacionamiento, verificaba [...] que el Dodge&#xA;  había sido lavado» (VLlosa Tía [Perú 1977]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T13:02:13.220" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:02:13.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-02-29T13:34:01.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are synonyms. 'Aparcar' its an anglicism (voice taken from the english) and 'estacionar' it's more correct. However both words are widely and interchangeably used nowadays. To my knowledge -as AlexBcn mentioned- 'aparcar' is most used in Spain, Colombia and Venezuela.&#xA;I disagree with Ustanak and the difference he made of both words. My experience is that they are quite the same. Both means that you park your car, stop the engine and get out of it for some time. &#xA;'Parada', on the other hand, means that you just stop the car but not stop the engine. It's just while driving in a street, and you stop your car -say, because a red ligth-.&#xA;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12067" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:34:01.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2016-02-29T19:28:00.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the answers address the expression as Spanish sayings (&lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt;) which is technically different from idioms (&lt;em&gt;modismos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't think of any &lt;em&gt;modismo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish that represents what &quot;herding cats&quot; want to transmit but there are plenty &lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt; that represents the same feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia colloquially sometimes we use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más difícil que cuadrar N micos para una foto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;More difficult than organizing N monkeys for a picture&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people say 10, 15, or even 100 monkeys, it depends on how much emphasis you want to put in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another less vulgar expression is to use the word &quot;monos&quot; instead of &quot;micos&quot; to refer the monkeys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fair to say that in a formal environments such expression is not used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another expression came to my head, frequently used by my dad which is Bolivian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bulto (o costal) de anzuelos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A fish hook bundle (or sack).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To describe political situations very difficult to solve, probably because of something fishy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El proceso de desmovilización es un costal de anzuelos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes also used to describe chaotic people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juanito es un bulto de anzuelos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression can be accepted in a formal environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12071" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T21:00:24.713" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T21:00:24.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16105" CreationDate="2016-02-29T22:34:35.440" Score="3" ViewCount="1074" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/phjdU.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/phjdU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;onesie&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, I call this a &quot;onesie&quot;.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/onesie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Translate leaves it as &quot;onesie&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.  RAE doesn't have an entry for onesie, so clearly Google just didn't know what to do with the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11891" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T08:02:57.167" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T08:02:57.167" Title="What is the article of clothing babies wear that covers the whole body and snaps between the legs called?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16103" CreationDate="2016-02-29T22:42:31.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name of that garment is &quot;Mameluco&quot; o &quot;Pelele&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see this i.e.: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bebe2go.com/products/mameluco-ba-by&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bebe2go.com/products/mameluco-ba-by&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.parabebes.com/revista/que-es-un-pelele&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.parabebes.com/revista/que-es-un-pelele&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T23:03:22.197" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T23:03:22.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16103" CreationDate="2016-02-29T23:18:07.330" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are dialectical variations. Since it's highly unlikely one person knows the terms all Spanish speaking countries use, maybe people from different countries can comment telling what word is used in their country. So here are the terms I've heard (some countries are from the RAE; I don't know whether these are correct or not):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Body&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;bodi&lt;/em&gt;: España, Argentina y Chile (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kiabi.es/ropa-interior-bebe_204148&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mameluco&lt;/em&gt;: Colombia, Cuba, Uruguay y México (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.buzzfeed.com/mikespohr/36-mamelucos-para-los-bebes-mas-geniales-que-conoz#.srOJ3Lm345&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pelele&lt;/em&gt;: Cuba, Honduras, México, Nicaragua y República Dominicana (&lt;a href=&quot;http://donacarmen.es/73-peleles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pilucho&lt;/em&gt;: Chile (&lt;a href=&quot;http://listado.mercadolibre.cl/bebes-vestuario/pilucho-bebe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enterito&lt;/em&gt;: Argentina y Uruguay (&lt;a href=&quot;http://cheeky.com.ar/bebe/enteritos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;). Note: generally, an &lt;em&gt;enterito&lt;/em&gt; also covers the legs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enterizo&lt;/em&gt;: (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tejiendoperu.com/dos-agujas/prendas-y-otros-para-beb%C3%A9s/enterizo-con-zapatitos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;). Note: generally, an &lt;em&gt;enterizo&lt;/em&gt; also covers the legs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these also describe a feminine garment. To avoid ambiguity it's best to add &quot;de bebé&quot;: &lt;em&gt;bodi de bebé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enterito de bebé&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Also, it may be the case a term is not used, popular or natural sounding in a given country but understood nevertheless. It's also possible that several terms exist in several countries but mean different things. Unfortunately for Spanish learners, it's not easy to tell!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T09:28:33.570" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T09:28:33.570" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16106" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16107" CreationDate="2016-03-01T19:40:55.383" Score="0" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I follow a Spanish feed on Twitter for some easy practice. I came across this tweet the other day: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca se me ha ocurrido matarle ni lo he pensado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never seen so many two letter words in a single sentence. Is it grammatically correct?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that it says &lt;code&gt;Never has it occurred to me to kill him nor have I thought about it&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T03:33:27.537" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T03:33:27.537" Title="Long sentence in a Spanish feed on Twitter" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16106" CreationDate="2016-03-01T20:16:09.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your guess is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, we say long sentences that involve many stuff at once, like the present case.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now, I would've prefered to see this written as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca se me ha ocurrido matarla(lo) ni lo he pensado&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; are the object pronouns for &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T20:16:09.477" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16108" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-02T09:52:11.773" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Saboreando con fruición las polvorientas palabras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eJDH0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saboreando = do it with pleasure?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con fruición = ¿saboreando? Is it an outdated phrase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Polvorientas palabras: Can't have a clear concept of this phrase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorDisplayName="user468" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T12:53:31.403" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T18:05:58.500" Title="Significado: polvorientas palabras" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16108" CreationDate="2016-03-02T10:15:07.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would need context here but a translation could be &quot;tasting with delight the dusty words&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Saboreando&quot; means &quot;tasting&quot;. It is used metaphorically here. This metaphor is more common in literature when the words are pronounced (as words would be both tasted and pronounced in the mouth)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Con fruición&quot; is indeed a bit outdated. It means with delight, with joy, with a sense of self-indulgence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Polvorientas palabras&quot; would probably mean &quot;old words&quot; or &quot;words that have not been used recently&quot;, or &quot;words that were forgotten&quot;. I would need a bit more of context here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5331" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T12:48:19.187" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T12:48:19.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16077" CreationDate="2016-03-02T19:39:45.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo normal es que la primera palabra del par que forma la palabra compuesta, si tiene flexión de género (o sea si es sustantivo o adjetivo) se fije en el masculino. Los siguientes ejemplos demuestran que es sistemático y que no tiene que ver con que suena mal decir &lt;em&gt;Latinaamérica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una reacción &lt;strong&gt;fisicoquímica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una amiga &lt;strong&gt;sordomuda&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una convención &lt;strong&gt;chileno-argentina&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;decimoprimera&lt;/strong&gt; edición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una ministra &lt;strong&gt;todopoderosa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso en este caso que casi no tiene lógica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;drogodependencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única excepción que se me viene a la cabeza es &lt;strong&gt;medianoche&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:23:07.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-02T22:33:26.823" Score="2" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sponsoring a child in Bolivia as part of a missionary outreach program. the child is a girl and is ten years old. What would a good closing be? This will be my first contact with the child and we do not know each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5494" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T16:49:23.463" Title="Good ending for cross cultural sponser letter" Tags="&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-03-08T08:59:33.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16115" CreationDate="2016-03-03T03:13:07.737" Score="2" ViewCount="699" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear there are common tenses and literary tense in Spanish, although I have tried to google it, I'm still struggling it and very curious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To smoothly self-study Spanish, and avoiding unnecessary frustration, I have to know it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you list common tenses native speakers use every day that I must learn?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will literary tenses be automatically learned if they rarely use them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7256" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T15:27:47.870" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T15:29:55.933" Title="What are Spanish common tense and literary tense" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16114" CreationDate="2016-03-03T09:11:15.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a table of all the conjugation forms in Spanish: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edu.xunta.es/centros/iesastelleiras/?q=system/files/CONJUGACI%C3%93N+DE+VERBOS+REGULARES.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LINK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Indicativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common forms are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presente: &lt;em&gt;yo canto&lt;/em&gt; → I sing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple: &lt;em&gt;yo canté&lt;/em&gt; → I sang&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto: &lt;em&gt;yo he cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I have sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito imperfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo cantaba&lt;/em&gt; → I sang, I used to sing, I would sing [habit in the past]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo había cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I had sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Futuro: &lt;em&gt;yo cantaré&lt;/em&gt; → I will sing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Condicional: &lt;em&gt;yo cantaría&lt;/em&gt; → I would sing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Condicional perfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo habría cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I would have sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some forms that aren't as common are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Futuro perfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo habré cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I will have sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the literary forms, so they are hardly ever used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito anterior&lt;/strong&gt;: yo hube cantado (no direct translation to English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common ones are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presente: &lt;em&gt;yo cante&lt;/em&gt; → I sing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto: &lt;em&gt;yo haya cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I have sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito imperfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo cantara/cantase&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; → I sang&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto: &lt;em&gt;yo hubiera/hubiese&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; cantado&lt;/em&gt; → I had sung&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the literary forms, so they are hardly ever used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Futuro&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;yo cantare&lt;/em&gt; (no direct translation to English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;yo hubiere cantado&lt;/em&gt; (no direct translation to English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imperativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presente: &lt;em&gt;canta (tú), cantad (vosotros), cante (usted), canten (ustedes), cantemos (cantemos)&lt;/em&gt; → Sing; Let's sing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The forms marked as literary are: &lt;em&gt;pretérito anterior de indicativo, futuro de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;futuro perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;. Here's how they would be used in a literary context (a book, a poem, etc.) and its equivalent in standard Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto &lt;em&gt;hube terminado&lt;/em&gt; de comer, me levanté de la mesa y me fui.= En cuanto &lt;em&gt;terminé&lt;/em&gt; de comer, me levanté de la mesa y me fui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;pretérito anterior&lt;/em&gt; is used to describe an action that happened immediately before another. It usually follows adverbs of immediateness such as &lt;em&gt;apenas, en cuanto, tan pronto como, una vez que&lt;/em&gt;, etc. It's rare in modern Spanish, and usually replaced by a &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;em&gt;tuviéremos&lt;/em&gt; dinero, nos iremos de vacaciones. = Cuando &lt;em&gt;tengamos&lt;/em&gt; dinero, nos iremos de vacaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;futuro de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; is used to describe a hypothetical, not finished action in the future. This form is almost nonexistant, and almost always replaced by a &lt;em&gt;presente de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; or a &lt;em&gt;presente de indicativo&lt;/em&gt; in type I if-clauses, which never take a subjunctive. It is only used in some legal texts or sayings such as &quot;a donde fueres, haz lo que vieres&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando los dueños &lt;em&gt;hubieren llegado&lt;/em&gt; a la casa, deberás haberte ido. = Para cuando los dueños &lt;em&gt;hayan llegado&lt;/em&gt; a la casa, deberás haberte ido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;futuro perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; is used to describe a hypothetical, finished action in the future. This form is also almost nonexistant, and almost always replaced by a &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these three forms are used in everyday Spanish, nor in formal Spanish. They are archaic forms (except for the &lt;em&gt;pretérito anterior&lt;/em&gt;, but this form is also gradually disappearing), so I don't recommend learning them, or not at first at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: &lt;em&gt;Hubiera&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt;, as well as &lt;em&gt;cantara&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cantase&lt;/em&gt; are forms that coexist and mean exactly the same thing. The &lt;em&gt;-ara, -era&lt;/em&gt; form is more popular than the &lt;em&gt;-ase, -ese&lt;/em&gt; one in most Spanish speaking countries. In some dialects, however, they are equally prevalent.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T15:29:55.933" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T15:29:55.933" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16117" CreationDate="2016-03-03T11:29:01.580" Score="-1" ViewCount="777" Body="&lt;p&gt;As title, I cannot tell the differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important is I found some spanish speakers write 'k' instead of 'que'.&#xA;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7256" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T14:29:18.260" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T14:29:18.260" Title="The distinction among ke, gue, que, and ce, ze" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16116" CreationDate="2016-03-03T12:04:45.910" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because it's a twisted and awful way to write it and you &lt;strong&gt;MUST NOT&lt;/strong&gt; learn those forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As said before, people are often using these forms probably for speed when writing and not for saving space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often see in social media comments like &lt;em&gt;ke te pasa?&lt;/em&gt; which is actually &lt;em&gt;¿qué te pasa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Alas, people are too lazy to write correctly and prefer this twisted way to express themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a matter of difference in meaning, it's a matter on how you correctly write these words. So anytime you see these, stop reading them. That's not the right way to learn Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T12:04:45.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16113" CreationDate="2016-03-03T16:37:45.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If she's so young you could use a simple sentece like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que te vaya bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I hope you'll be ok&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8495" LastEditorUserId="8495" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T16:49:23.463" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T16:49:23.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16121" CreationDate="2016-03-03T21:25:20.813" Score="3" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm updating a  list of employees for a client and came across one labeled as &quot;Spanish Speaking.&quot; I'd like to replace that with the appropriate word or words in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three options I've found are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habla Espa&amp;ntilde;ol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hispanohablante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hispanoparlante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure which one is correct, or if it even matters using English is fine. I'm trying to be both politically and linguistically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it matters in this context, but this client is likely to only be dealing with native Spanish speakers either from Mexico or the US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12100" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T11:55:45.363" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T11:55:45.363" Title="How to properly label someone as &quot;Spanish Speaking&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16119" CreationDate="2016-03-04T00:27:41.223" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;All work, but you need a &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; in front of &lt;em&gt;habla española&lt;/em&gt; (note the gender) because that's a noun phrase rather than an adjective.  You'll also hear the variants &lt;em&gt;de habla hispana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de habla castellana&lt;/em&gt;, in addition to extra adjectival option &lt;em&gt;hispanófono&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on Google's &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/interactive_chart?content=hispanohablante%2Chispanoparlante%2Cde+habla+hispana%2Cde+habla+espa%C3%B1ola%2Cde+habla+castellana&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Chispanohablante%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Chispanoparlante%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cde%20habla%20hispana%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cde%20habla%20espa%C3%B1ola%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cde%20habla%20castellana%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;N-Grams&lt;/a&gt;, we can see that &lt;em&gt;de habla [hispana/española/castellana]&lt;/em&gt; has historically been the most common structure, although &lt;em&gt;hispanohablante&lt;/em&gt; is definitely rising in popularity.  N-Grams doesn't distinguish by country, but I don't really ever hear &lt;em&gt;hispanoparlante&lt;/em&gt; these days from anyone, and hear &lt;em&gt;hispanohablante&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;de habla X&lt;/em&gt; regularly enough that none strikes me as odd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also do the same with most other languages: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Portuguese&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;lusohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lusoparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lusófono&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;de habla portuguesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;French&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;francohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;francoparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;francófono&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de habla francesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chinese&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sinohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sinoparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sinófono&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de habla china&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;German&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;germanohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;germanoparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;germanófono&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de habla alemana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italian&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;italohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;italoparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;italófono&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de habla italiana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;anglohablante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;angloparlante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;anglófono&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de habla inglesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the adjectival forms will use a compositional element based on the Latin form of the language's name, rather than an adjective, and so is often a teeny bit different (and other times very different) from the language's normal adjectival form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T00:27:41.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T06:13:20.983" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/44/why-is-agua-masculine-in-singular-form-and-feminine-in-plural-el-agua-la&quot;&gt;Why is &amp;quot;agua&amp;quot; masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? &amp;quot;El agua&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;Las aguas&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but no one told the reason why Argentina is not El Argentina as agua in el agua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7256" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T08:00:56.570" Title="El agua, La Argentina, why?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-04T15:08:54.153" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4109" CreationDate="2016-03-04T13:02:25.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a aportar una opción que aún no se ha añadido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojiplático&lt;/strong&gt;: tener los ojos como platos o muy abiertos a causa de una sorpresa o asombro. Sinónimo de atónito, sorprendido, asombrado, pasmado, boquiabierto, patidifuso o alucinado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T13:02:25.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2016-03-04T15:07:55.183" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien indicas &lt;code&gt;edgy&lt;/code&gt; parece tener dos significados. Uno como &lt;code&gt;vanguardista&lt;/code&gt; y otro como &lt;code&gt;tenso, nervioso o irritable&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edgy&lt;/strong&gt; (adjective)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tense, nervous, or irritable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;He became edgy and defensive (synonyms:   tense, nervous, on edge, anxious, apprehensive, uneasy, unsettled)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(informal) at the forefront of a trend; experimental or avant-garde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Their songs combine good music and smart, edgy ideas&quot;&#xA;   (synonyms: cutting-edge, on-the-edge)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el segundo significado, &lt;code&gt;vanguardista&lt;/code&gt; me parece la mejor opción. Para el primero yo usaría &lt;code&gt;tenso&lt;/code&gt;, que recoge todas esas connotaciones de nervioso, ansioso, al borde de un ataque de nervios, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo las traducciones tipo &quot;buscapleitos&quot;, &quot;provocador&quot;, &quot;atrevido&quot;, &quot;rudo&quot; o &quot;bravucón&quot; que dices que ofrecen otros foros. Está claro por la definición que &lt;code&gt;edgy&lt;/code&gt; refleja nervios y ansiedad. Ese comportamiento puede ser &quot;rudo&quot; pero no &quot;bravucón&quot; o &quot;provocador&quot;. Algo muy novedoso puede ser provocador, pero no necesariamente. Así que creo que esas son simplemente malas traducciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;code&gt;as fuck&lt;/code&gt; se usa para reforzar o resaltar el significado del adjetivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dados los significados de &lt;code&gt;edgy&lt;/code&gt; yo favorecería el uso de &lt;code&gt;de cojones&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está ansioso de cojones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se puso defensivo de cojones cuando le sacaron ese tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es vanguardista/novedoso de cojones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T15:07:55.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12039" CreationDate="2016-03-04T18:27:07.860" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that case those verbs with &quot;ed&quot; ending are in present tense (tiempo verbal presente) of the imperative mode (modo imperativo), but this conjugation is not used nowadays. Actually the imperative mode isn't either used nowadays, that's why you don't listen to anybody to use it, it comes from the past years in the Spanish literature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12088" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T19:55:02.007" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T19:55:02.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16128" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16129" CreationDate="2016-03-05T21:13:42.253" Score="1" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Hola!&#xA;En un artículo sobre las curiosidades de aeropuertos encontré una frase que no puedo entender. Incluso el traductor de Google no da respuesta comprensible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este aeropuerto solamente es accesible para helicópteros y aviones pequeños, &lt;strong&gt;de ala fija de despegue&lt;/strong&gt; y aterrizaje corto, ya que las dimensiones son muy restringidas; por lo que un Airbus A380 nunca aterrizaría allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaría agrecido por traducir la parte marcada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T22:05:52.160" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T22:05:52.160" Title="&quot;De ala fija&quot; meaning" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16128" CreationDate="2016-03-05T21:39:37.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una simple clasificación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aeronaves (vehículos para ir por el aire):   &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aerostatos (se mantienen arriba pasivamente):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Globos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Dirigibles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aerodinos (se mantienen arriba activamente):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ala giratoria:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Helicópteros&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ala fija:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Aviones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Planeadores&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Ultraligeros&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase parece tener la coma mal puesta, me parece más comprensible así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este aeropuerto solamente es accesible para helicópteros y aviones pequeños de ala fija, de despegue y aterrizaje corto, ya que [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo contrario parece que con la oración especificativa se esté negando la posibilidad de que un avión grande sea de ala fija cuando no es así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronave&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aeronave&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerostato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aerostato&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aerodino&lt;/a&gt; en Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T22:01:03.367" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T22:01:03.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2016-03-06T00:49:42.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En programación hablamos de &quot;indentación&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En inglés &lt;em&gt;pretty print&lt;/em&gt; es un nombre, que no le conozco traducción.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sí existe el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;indentado&lt;/em&gt; que se le puede aplicar al contenido que sea, por ejemplo &quot;código indentado&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12114" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T00:49:42.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16132" CreationDate="2016-03-06T05:37:53.070" Score="2" ViewCount="509" Body="&lt;p&gt;Who are &quot;persons of the third age&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo veo y leo esto en CNN en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;...un centro para personas de la tercera edad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;the third age&quot; the final stage of life? Such as: personas de la primera edad son niños, personas de la segunda edad son desde 20-65 o semejante, y personas de la tercera edad son ancianos, a lo mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-06T12:08:59.507" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T10:42:17.653" Title="¿Quiénes son las &quot;personas de la tercera edad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-10-19T10:06:48.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16131" CreationDate="2016-03-06T10:20:06.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a polite way of saying old people, and generally refers to those who are retired. Here's what the DRAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;edad&lt;/strong&gt;. [...] &lt;strong&gt;tercera edad&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Período avanzado de la vida de las personas en el que normalmente disminuye la vida laboral activa. &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de personas que están en la tercera edad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T10:20:06.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16131" CreationDate="2016-03-06T12:16:39.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As said, it's the polite way to refer to &lt;em&gt;long-lived&lt;/em&gt; people. They are considered to be in the &lt;em&gt;third age&lt;/em&gt; when they reach the 60+ years old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third age people are not necessarily considered as retired ones. Many ones at that point of age have many disabilities, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my country we often call a person &lt;em&gt;third age&lt;/em&gt; right away we see them walking with a crutch, but we don't refer to them as &lt;em&gt;old man/woman,&lt;/em&gt; we politely do it by saying &lt;em&gt;a third age person.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-06T15:39:33.530" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T15:39:33.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16146" CreationDate="2016-03-07T04:40:29.357" Score="0" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Yo debería usar &quot;no sé&quot; o &quot;no conozco&quot; u otra palabra? &#xA;¿Puedo decir &quot;No conozco ningunas falsetas alegrías&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5350" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T08:52:51.357" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T18:46:14.577" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;I don´t know any alegrías falsetas&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16138" CreationDate="2016-03-07T11:29:52.443" Score="1" ViewCount="720" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas diferencias entre &quot;&lt;code&gt;asombrado&lt;/code&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;code&gt;asombroso&lt;/code&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El inglés traducciones son &quot;astonished, amazed&quot; y &quot;astonishing, amazing&quot; respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T16:58:11.340" Title="¿Hay algunas diferencias entre &quot;asombrado&quot; y &quot;asombroso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16137" CreationDate="2016-03-07T12:06:25.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, una describe cómo la persona se siente y la otra lo que causa ese sentimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;amazed&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;amazing&lt;/em&gt; son ambos adjetivos, pero de acuerdo a lo anterior, la terminación &lt;em&gt;-ed&lt;/em&gt; muestra cómo se siente la persona y la terminación &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; muestra la cosa que causa el sentimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I was &lt;strong&gt;amazed&lt;/strong&gt;. The play was &lt;strong&gt;amazing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Estaba &lt;strong&gt;asombrado&lt;/strong&gt;. La obra fue &lt;strong&gt;asombrosa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T16:58:11.340" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T16:58:11.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16136" CreationDate="2016-03-07T12:45:57.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de las dos palabras es válido (&lt;code&gt;no sé&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;no conozco&lt;/code&gt;) dependiendo del contexto en el que las quieras usar. En este caso para las palabras &quot;alegrías falsetas&quot; la traducción más precisa es, &lt;code&gt;no conozco alegrías falsetas&lt;/code&gt;, dando a entender que no se ha experimentado una falsa alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;ninguna&quot; en &lt;code&gt;no conozco ningunas alegrías falsetas&lt;/code&gt; es opcional, se agrega si se quiere hacer énfasis en que no conoces absolutamente ninguna.&#xA;También puedes decir &lt;code&gt;no conozco ninguna alegría falseta&lt;/code&gt;. En los dos casos, con y sin plural, te refieres a lo mismo, pero sin plural tiene un sonido más claro al pronunciarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T13:27:47.040" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T13:27:47.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7" CreationDate="2016-03-07T13:25:54.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina no se usa &quot;tú&quot; (que es el pronombre &lt;em&gt;legal&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usamos &quot;vos&quot; y &quot;usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;vos&quot; es un tratamiento confianza, entre pares y amigos. Y los verbos se declinan de una manera diferente, como en la respuesta de @lanzipants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;usted&quot; en cambio denota formalidad o respeto y se usa con gente mayor, de más jerarquía o desconocidos. Los verbos se conjugan como en tercera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: el médico diría ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a un amigo: &quot;vos tenés fiebre&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a un paciente: &quot;usted tiene fiebre&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &quot;vos&quot; proviene de una forma respetuosa de referirse al otro, ahora y acá es lo contrario.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estando en Argentina, usás &quot;vos&quot; (como estoy haciendo ahora) libremente con tus &lt;em&gt;compañeros&lt;/em&gt;: los que viajan o trabajan con vos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En cambio usas &quot;usted&quot; siempre con la policía, el empleado administrativo que está del otro lado del mostrador (especialmente si no es joven).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Podés usar &quot;vos&quot; con los jóvenes de 20 o 30 años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y seguramente tratarás de &quot;usted&quot; a Vito Corleone. &#xA;Tené en cuenta que si escribís como yo ahora el corrector ortográfico va a protestar todas y cada una de las veces que pongas una de estas conjugaciones (como me está pasando ahora).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12114" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T16:56:07.323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T16:56:07.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16141" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-07T14:25:19.723" Score="2" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate the following sentence into correct Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is not the trainer's official page, only a fanpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be a correct translation: 'Esta no es la página oficial del entrenador/míster, solamente una página de fans'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other ways I can say this? Please give me examples. My grammar is the problem: &lt;em&gt;Esta/esta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;solo/solamente&lt;/em&gt;, and word placement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T20:33:35.757" LastActivityDate="2019-11-16T23:51:19.023" Title="How to say this in correct Spanish &quot;This is not the official page, just a fanpage&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16141" CreationDate="2016-03-07T14:40:44.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is correct, other way to say it could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta no se trata de la página oficial, esta es la página de&#xA;admiradores del entrenador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es una página de aficionados no se trata de la página oficial del&#xA;entrenador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to say it in another way try change the synonyms of 'fans'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;entrenador/míster&lt;/code&gt; means that you want to put &lt;code&gt;míster&lt;/code&gt; in the phrase please dont do that, this is not a correct word for &lt;code&gt;trainer&lt;/code&gt; in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T14:57:18.933" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16144" CreationDate="2016-03-07T15:26:29.013" Score="1" ViewCount="482" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay &quot;mover la mirada&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Son lo mismo significado &quot;&lt;code&gt;apartar la mirada&lt;/code&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;code&gt;mover la mirada&lt;/code&gt;&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna diferencia en significado entre ellas?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué el diccionario y los sinónimos de &lt;code&gt;apartar&lt;/code&gt; son como &#xA;&lt;code&gt;retirar, alejar, separar, rechazar....&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay &quot;&lt;code&gt;mover&lt;/code&gt;&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T16:07:27.717" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T02:00:08.960" Title="¿&quot;Mover&quot; y &quot;apartar&quot; son sinónimos?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16143" CreationDate="2016-03-07T15:56:21.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apartar&lt;/strong&gt; la mirada de [algo]/[alguien]&lt;/em&gt; viene siendo algo así como: &lt;em&gt;dejar de mirar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/strong&gt; la mirada&lt;/em&gt; netamente se refiere a cambiar la dirección que estás viendo, pero no implica necesariamente que dejes de verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T02:00:08.960" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T02:00:08.960" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16143" CreationDate="2016-03-07T16:06:23.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diría que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; son sinónimos. Si bien en la frase &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;apártate del fuego&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;apartar la mirada&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; se infiere que existe movimiento y podría pensarse que &lt;code&gt;apartarse&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;moverse&lt;/code&gt; son sinónimos, son dos palabras que expresan acciones diferentes, lo cual se evidencia en la frase &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;se apartaron los caminos&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;code&gt;se apartaron las ideas&lt;/code&gt;&amp;quot;, donde no se evidencia movimiento alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto la palabra &lt;code&gt;apartar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Separar, desunir, dividir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quitar a alguien o algo del lugar donde estaba, para dejarlo desocupado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;mover&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trasladar, desplazar, mudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacer que un cuerpo deje el lugar o espacio que ocupa y pase a ocupar&#xA;otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T18:46:36.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16136" CreationDate="2016-03-07T18:46:14.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what you mean. If you are a guitar player and want to say that you don't know how to play any of them, then you should use &lt;em&gt;no sé&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;no me sé&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No (me) sé ninguna falseta por alegrías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to say that you are not familiar or never heard any of them you can use &lt;em&gt;no conozco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No conozco ninguna falseta por alegrías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T18:46:14.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16141" CreationDate="2016-03-07T20:45:55.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México suena mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta no es la página oficial del entrenador, es una página de fans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T20:50:12.403" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T20:50:12.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16143" CreationDate="2016-03-07T21:09:32.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mover&lt;/strong&gt; es una palabra general que se refiere a cambiar la posición de un objeto. Hay muchas formas de mover algo y también muchas condiciones en las que este movimiento se realiza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apartar&lt;/strong&gt; es una forma específica de mover un objeto, siempre &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt; un punto de referencia &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt; otro punto que está en una posición &lt;em&gt;separada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces hay otras formas de mover objetos sin que necesariamente se estén apartando: acercar, centrar, correr, girar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ocurre siempre en cualquier idioma, en una frase específica (como la que tú propones) dos palabras que no son sinónimos léxicos pueden funcionar como sinónimos contextuales. En &lt;em&gt;mover la mirada&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;apartar la mirada&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;mover&quot; y &quot;apartar&quot; son tan sinónimos entre sí como &quot;sal&quot; y &quot;salero&quot; en &lt;em&gt;pásame la sal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pásame el salero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T21:09:32.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-07T21:43:01.660" Score="1" ViewCount="2138" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No sé lo que es eso&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;I don't know what that is.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But does &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No sé lo que es&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; mean &lt;strong&gt;&quot;I don't know what it is.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or is it even grammatically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12128" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T23:14:20.430" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T14:37:47.803" Title="&quot;No sé lo que es&quot;: meaning and grammar" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16150" CreationDate="2016-03-07T22:15:02.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both options are correct, but the first one sounds more natural, maybe because you need some context to see how the second could work. Consider (&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Quieres una ensaimada? &lt;sup&gt;(Do you want an ensaïmada?)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: No sé lo que es eso. / No sé lo que es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &amp;quot;no sé lo que es&amp;quot; sounds like an incomplete thought in some dialects. In others, it sounds okay. Now consider (&lt;strong&gt;ii&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué quieres? &lt;sup&gt;(What do you want?)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: Te pediría una ensaimada, pero no sé lo que es. &lt;sup&gt;(I'd order an ensaïmada, but I don't know what it is.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &amp;quot;no sé lo que es&amp;quot; sounds okay because of the proximity of the object (&amp;quot;ensaimada&amp;quot;). Note that &amp;quot;no sé lo que es eso&amp;quot; also works, but it sounds a little bit too wordy for my liking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, as a stand-alone sentence you can use both (see &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;). You can also use &amp;quot;no sé lo que es&amp;quot; when the object of &amp;quot;es&amp;quot; is somewhere over there, especially as a part of the same sentence, but you wouldn't normally use &amp;quot;no sé lo que es eso&amp;quot; in that case because it would sound repetitive, albeit perfectly grammatical (see &lt;strong&gt;ii&lt;/strong&gt;). You can also omit that &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;no sé lo que es eso&amp;quot;, but then the function of &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; changes from a conjunction to an interrogative particle which means you have to add a stress mark:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; es eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is the same as &amp;quot;no sé lo que es eso&amp;quot;, and it works the same way too. You can also omit the &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; in your second sentence and just say &amp;quot;no sé qué es&amp;quot;, but that's not that common and generally involves a change in the verb tense emphasizing the incertitude (&amp;quot;no sé qué &lt;em&gt;será&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;). For more on &amp;quot;omitted lo&amp;quot; see the examples below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the difference between both sentences is subtle, and if you add all the dialectal variations to that the  whole thing gets really hard to explain. Most of the times it's about how both sentences &amp;quot;sound&amp;quot;, so that one sounds okay and the other sounds off (and again, how both &amp;quot;sound&amp;quot; also depends on the country you are visiting or the dialect you are learning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, keep in mind this only works when both are complete sentences. For example, the &amp;quot;it&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;I don't know what it is&amp;quot; can work as a dummy pronoun in sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it is like to be rich. = No sé &lt;em&gt;cómo es/cómo se siente&lt;/em&gt; ser rico.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I don't know what it is that you don't like. = No sé &lt;em&gt;qué es&lt;/em&gt; lo que no te gusta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such cases the substitution isn't that simple, and it may not always work.  You need a case-by-case analysis to know. Also, none of the above admit &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; before &amp;quot;qué&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also a lot of expressions with &amp;quot;I don't know what it is with...&amp;quot;. The Spanish equivalent expressions are varied, and all of them admit a &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; before &amp;quot;qué&amp;quot; (but remember that if you add &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; you have to delete the stress mark):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it is with this city in the winter, but I love it = No sé qué tendrá esta ciudad en el invierno, pero me encanta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it is with females, but I'm not too good at that shit (Kanye West's song) = No sé qué me pasa con las mujeres/No sé qué tienen las mujeres, pero no se me dan nada bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it is with these people. They are all nuts. = No sé qué le pasa a esta gente. Están todos locos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it is with you and that book, but you never seem to put it down = No sé qué te dio con ese libro, pero nunca pareces dejar de leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T14:37:47.803" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11835" CreationDate="2016-03-08T04:53:26.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sustantivo «apóstol», a pesar de estar recogido en el DRAE solo como masculino, se usa como palabra del género común. Por lo tanto, se dice &lt;em&gt;la apóstol&lt;/em&gt; y es frecuente escuchar la palabra &lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt; prepuesta o &lt;em&gt;femenina&lt;/em&gt; pospuesta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, también existe la palabra «apóstolo», hoy poco usado, que sí tendría una forma femenina con &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;. Y, de hecho, en una búsqueda de libros publicados en español surgen algunos ejemplos de esta palabra de autores religiosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que como resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la forma femenina de &lt;strong&gt;apóstol&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;apóstol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la forma &lt;strong&gt;apóstola&lt;/strong&gt; existe, pero es la forma femenina de &lt;strong&gt;apóstolo&lt;/strong&gt;, variante desusada de &lt;em&gt;apóstol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T04:53:26.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-08T15:02:49.910" Score="0" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say the following in correct Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We will see, but at the moment the only thing that matters is project MMX. Michael doesn't strike me as a man who puts much importance in money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I say: &lt;em&gt;Veremos, pero en este momento solo importa proyecto mmx. Michael no me parece...&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea about the last sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please give me the correct translation and/or show me better examples. Preferably as short as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(By the way, MMX is a local soccer club) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T15:57:25.397" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T21:59:24.000" Title="How do I say &quot;X doesn't strike me as...&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16155" CreationDate="2016-03-08T15:12:24.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can say this....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya veremos, por el momento lo único que importa es el proyecto MMX. Me parece que Michael tiene poca importancia por el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12139" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T15:20:35.107" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T15:20:35.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16155" CreationDate="2016-03-08T15:30:05.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translating from English to Spanish is not always an easy task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;we will see&lt;/em&gt; is often translated as &lt;em&gt;lo veremos, ya veremos&lt;/em&gt; or its plain form &lt;em&gt;veremos&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The line  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;but at the moment the only thing that matters is project MMX&lt;/em&gt;,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be translated as &lt;em&gt;pero por el momento la única cosa que importa es el proyecto MMX&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The last line,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Michael doesn't strike me as a man who puts much importance in money'&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is perhaps the complex part. The relative pronoun &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; is often translated as plain &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, and the idiom &lt;em&gt;doesn't strike me = no me parece&lt;/em&gt;. Putting these together yields,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Michael no me parece como un hombre que pone mucha importancia en el dinero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I don't find this sentence much idiomatic. I'd use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me parece que Michael sea un hombre que ponga mucha importancia en el dinero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we triggered the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T21:59:24.000" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T21:59:24.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16155" CreationDate="2016-03-08T15:41:48.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; veremos, de momento lo único [que importa / importante] es el proyecto MMX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Variantes progresivamente cortas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me parece que Michael &lt;em&gt;sea el tipo de persona que le da&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me parece que Michael &lt;em&gt;sea de las personas que le dan&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me parece que Michael &lt;em&gt;sea de los que le dan&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me parece que Michael &lt;em&gt;le dé&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una construcción alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que Michael &lt;em&gt;no es el tipo de persona que le da&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que Michael &lt;em&gt;no es de las personas que le dan&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al&#xA;dinero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que Michael &lt;em&gt;no es de los que le dan&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al&#xA;dinero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que Michael &lt;em&gt;no le da&lt;/em&gt; mucha importancia al dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión la tercera variante &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ser de los que le dan importancia ...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; me resulta la más natural de todas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(*) Edited&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Michael doesn't strike me as...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is close to &quot;&lt;em&gt;I don't think he is...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; / &quot;&lt;em&gt;No me parece que ...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main clause affirmative variant: &quot;&lt;em&gt;I think he isn't...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; / &quot;&lt;em&gt;Creo que Michael no ...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T18:08:50.273" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T18:08:50.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16155" CreationDate="2016-03-08T17:14:01.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate &lt;code&gt;It strikes me that&lt;/code&gt; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da la impresión de que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applied to your example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me da la impresión&lt;/strong&gt; de que Michael not es el tipo de persona que le da mucha importancia al dinero. &lt;sub&gt; Michael &lt;strong&gt;doesn't strike me as&lt;/strong&gt; a man who puts much importance in money.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T17:14:01.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16169" CreationDate="2016-03-09T14:10:52.140" Score="8" ViewCount="6344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco he visto la publicidad de un jabón de uso vaginal que dice ser &quot;&lt;em&gt;el de las niñas bien&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. La entonación del anuncio es claramente mexicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy chileno y hace mucho tiempo había escuchado la expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;gente bien&lt;/em&gt;&quot; para referirse a los ricos, aunque esta frase me parece que ya no se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me da curiosidad saber a quiénes se refiere la expresión &quot;niñas bien&quot;, en qué países se usa y cómo se originó, o si es sólo un juego de palabras que se permitieron los publicistas. No creo que se trate de &quot;niñas buenas&quot;, porque ser bueno no es precisamente un atributo atractivo para vender mercancías. Además quiero saber qué tan permitido está usar el adverbio &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; como si fuera un adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T15:01:12.280" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T10:06:58.413" Title="Significado y gramática de &quot;niñas bien&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16168" CreationDate="2016-03-09T14:35:11.563" Score="3" ViewCount="1933" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Castillian Spanish and have been given different information by 2 people from mainland Spain (Europe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the v sounds like a b (also I've heard it described as a soft b) and this is a rule, but I'm sure there &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be exceptions (I just haven't gotten to the exceptions as I learn). And this is the problem. I have a mobile phone app (Duolingo) and it sounds the word vino as vee-no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My English mother in law who has spoken Spanish for 30 years says it's vee-no but my friend who is Spanish says it's bino (bee-no). I've also heard my Spanish teacher (originally from Valencia) sound it as vee-no (or I miss-heard).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is there a definite way to sound this word or could the differences be due to the locale within the country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12151" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:47:45.210" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:47:45.210" Title="Is the v in &quot;vino&quot; pronunciated as a b or v?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-03-09T16:56:06.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2016-03-09T15:06:03.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí se explica como una decisión que depende del objeto: no se usa comerse cuando no se explicita el objeto o se habla de una categoría o en general; se usa comerse cuando se explicita el objeto y éste está perfectamente perfilado. Con ejercicios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://terceragramatica.com/comer-o-comerse/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://terceragramatica.com/comer-o-comerse/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T15:06:03.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16166" CreationDate="2016-03-09T16:02:46.453" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a bit of a difference here between phonetics (represented between slashes //) and phonemics (represented between []).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phonetically, in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt; are always /b/.  That is to say, in a given context (that is, surrounded by similar vowels, with similar stress, etc) they will generally be produced by speakers identically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that said, the phoneme /b/ has &lt;em&gt;many&lt;/em&gt; different realizations, or allophones, that are possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the beginning of words, and after consonants, you tend to get [b], like in &lt;em&gt;bar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ven&lt;/em&gt;. (In English, at the beginning of words, /b/ becomes [bʰ], but this aspiration is non-existent in Spanish). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Between vowels, you get the so-called “soft” pronunciation, which is actually [β̞]. For example, &lt;em&gt;cava&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amaba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the end of a syllable for example, &lt;em&gt;obtener&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;absoluto&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;club&lt;/em&gt;, the sound devoices to [β̞̥], which could be written [ɸ̞] but normally is cited as [p]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But depending on the exact consonant that follows, it's possible for the /b/ to approach something sounding like [v].  In Spain, if someone is from Catalonia, it's possible that due to influence from their regional language (which has two separate phonemes /b/ and /v/), they will pronounce words using [v] where Catalonian would have /v/, which doesn't always line up with where Spanish uses &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt;.  (this is similar to when an English-speaker says ['pʰa.ɾa] for &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; instead of ['pa.ɾa]).  But such a pronunciation in Spanish will generally be spontaneous and not particularly consistent even for a given person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T16:02:46.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16165" CreationDate="2016-03-09T16:23:20.427" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, la cuarta acepción de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bien&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Como adjetivo invariable significa ‘de buena posición social’: &lt;em&gt;«Vivían en Miraflores, balneario de la gente bien»&lt;/em&gt; (Ribeyro &lt;em&gt;Geniecillos&lt;/em&gt; [Perú 1983]); &lt;em&gt;«El tango fue llevado a Europa por esos “niños bien” y la alta sociedad de allá la&lt;/em&gt; [sic] &lt;em&gt;adoptó con entusiasmo, creyendo que era una danza de la alta sociedad de acá»&lt;/em&gt; (Feldman &lt;em&gt;Guión&lt;/em&gt; [Arg. 1996]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ella podemos ver que citan ejemplos recientes (a lo más 30 años) tanto de Perú como de Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5TkGdE0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, es un uso coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;17&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. De posición social y económica elevada. &lt;em&gt;Casa, gente bien. Familias bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También soy de Chile, y acá las únicas veces que lo he  escuchado en el habla cotidiana, es siempre con un énfasis un tanto irónico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T10:02:32.050" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T10:02:32.050" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18" CreationDate="2016-03-09T19:53:12.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another word is &quot;planilla.&quot;  Planilla refers to physical spreadsheets (columns and rows) accountants used to utilize for logging numbers and letters as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12154" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T19:53:12.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16176" CreationDate="2016-03-09T21:11:36.650" Score="6" ViewCount="8756" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1078/what-exactly-are-the-passive-se-and-impersonal-se&quot;&gt;a similar question&lt;/a&gt;, but the author and answers seem to focus more on using 'se' in reflexive verbs rather than the question mentioned in the title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that with both 'passive se' and 'impersonal se' we do not specify the subject who carries out the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About their differences, some sources (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/spanish/phrases/passive-and-impersonal-se&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishgrammargenius.com/spanish_passive_se_impersonal_se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/87&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) say that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Passive se&lt;/strong&gt; is used with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;transitive verbs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; inferring &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;people in general&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when talking about custom, rule, or general consensus; in the form of se + verb (3rd person &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;singular or plural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí se habla español.&lt;/em&gt;  (Spanish is spoken here.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se vende la casa.&lt;/em&gt;  (The house is for sale.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impersonal se&lt;/strong&gt; is used with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;intransitive verbs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; inferring an unknown subject when talking about &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;specific actions&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; in the form of se + verb (3rd person &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;singular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el avión no se fuma.&lt;/em&gt;  (People don't smoke on the plane.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se come mucho en esta ciudad.&lt;/em&gt;  (People eat a lot in this city.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is the summary above correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even among those sources the categorization of examples are different, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquí se habla español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the 'se' here a 'passive se' or 'impersonal se'? In the explanation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/87&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; it can be both (it doesn't enforce intransitive verb with 'impersonal se' though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-04-16T16:15:16.100" LastActivityDate="2020-04-16T16:15:16.100" Title="Differences between &quot;passive se&quot; and &quot;impersonal se&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16175" CreationDate="2016-03-09T22:29:33.260" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Impersonal &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;passive &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; work almost the same way, except for what you have already mentioned. So yes, your summary is perfectly correct. The difference between both is that the direct object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject in &lt;em&gt;passive &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; sentences, while &lt;em&gt;impersonal &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; sentences don't have a subject because, as you correctly assume, the active version contains an intransitive verb (and in Spanish, unlike English, only direct objects can be the subject of a passive sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí la gente habla español. Subject = la gente; verb = habla; direct object = español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se habla español. Subject = español; verb = (se) habla, where &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is a reflex passive marker or &amp;quot;marca de pasiva refleja&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can tell &amp;quot;español&amp;quot; is the subject because the verb &amp;quot;habla&amp;quot; must agree with it. If you change it with a plural Noun Phrase, you have to pluralize the verb too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se &lt;strong&gt;hablan&lt;/strong&gt; varios idiomas. Subject = varios idiomas; verb = (se) hablan, where &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is a reflex passive marker or &amp;quot;marca de pasiva refleja&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;impersonal &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; sentences, the verb can never be pluralized. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el avión la gente no fuma. Subject = la gente; verb = fuma; there is no direct object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el avión no se fuma. Subject = there's no subject; verb = (se) fuma, where &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is an impersonal sentence marker or &amp;quot;marca de impersonal&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since there's no direct object in the active sentence to start with, there's no subject in the passive one. You can easily tell one from the other by looking at the verb. If it is transitive and there's something that looks like an object, that's probably the subject, and you have to conjugate the verb accordingly (passive sentence). If the verb is intransitive, then it must always be in singular (impersonal sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An exception to this rule is when the direct object is a person and is introduced by &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;. From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables#sthash.1YO3fht9.dpuf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal expresa persona y no va precedido de la preposición a, se emplea también la construcción de pasiva refleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se buscan actores para la película.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Se contratarán nuevos trabajadores para el proyecto.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Se necesitan especialistas en informática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal expresa persona y va precedido de la preposición a, debe emplearse la construcción impersonal; por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;el verbo irá en singular aunque el elemento nominal sea plural:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre los gitanos se respeta mucho a los ancianos.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Se entrevistó a los candidatos para el puesto.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Se busca a quienes presenciaron lo ocurrido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/87&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;, all the sentences below are said to be impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se habla español en Uruguay. (They speak Spanish in Uruguay.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se va al teatro? (How does one get to the theater?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se escribe “pastel” p-a-s-t-e-l. (You spell “pastel” p-a-s-t-e-l.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se dice “table” en español? (How do you say “table” in Spanish?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se dice que va a llover (They say it is going to rain.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can tell some of them aren't actually impersonal by changing the Noun Phrase. Consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;hablan&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;varios idiomas&lt;/em&gt; en Uruguay. (They speak several languages in Uruguay.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se va al teatro? (How does one get to the theater?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se escribe “pastel” p-a-s-t-e-l. (You spell “pastel” p-a-s-t-e-l.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se &lt;strong&gt;dicen&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;estas palabras&lt;/em&gt; en español? (How do you say these words in Spanish?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;dicen&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;muchas cosas&lt;/em&gt; (They say a lot of things.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the verbs in the first, fourth and fifth sentences changed so they would agree with the subject (the italicized parts), so they aren't actually impersonal but reflex passive sentences. The second one is impersonal because &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; is intransitive, and the third one is tricky. I would call “pastel” p-a-s-t-e-l a &lt;em&gt;complemento circunstancial de modo&lt;/em&gt;, or maybe a &lt;em&gt;complemento predicativo&lt;/em&gt;, but not a subject. Had the same sentence been worded as &lt;em&gt;“Pastel” se escribe p-a-s-t-e-l&lt;/em&gt;, then it would have been more evident that &lt;em&gt;Pastel&lt;/em&gt; is the subject, and the sentence could have been classified as a reflex passive sentence as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is curious about that page is that practically the same sentence (&amp;quot;Se habla español aquí&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Se habla español en Uruguay&amp;quot;) is classified first as an impersonal sentence and then as a passive one. Maybe it was just a slip. The rest of the information from the same page is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a more detailed explanation of the uses of &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this entry&lt;/a&gt; on the RAE (only in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; I just checked out the other two sources you mention. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/spanish/phrases/passive-and-impersonal-se&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wyzant&lt;/a&gt; got it right except for when they say &amp;quot;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;“lo”, “la”, “los”&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;“las”&lt;/em&gt; may replace the direct object. Example: “Aquí se lo habla” (el Español)&amp;quot;. That's utterly wrong. Under no circumstance can a passive sentence take a direct object; what they call direct object is actually the subject, and of course &amp;quot;aquí se lo habla&amp;quot; is nonsense. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishgrammargenius.com/spanish_passive_se_impersonal_se.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishGrammarGenius&lt;/a&gt; is both concise and correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A key concept here is that just because a verb can take a direct object it doesn't mean it's working transitively, so to speak. A good example is given in the first page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“En Colombia se baila mucho la Cumbia.” Since “la Cumbia” is a direct object of the verb “bailar”, this sentence is in the passive voice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“En Colombia se baila mucho.” Since there is no direct object for the verb “bailar”, the sentence is an impersonal one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact you decide to call the first sentence impersonal or passive is unimportant: if the only difference is verb agreement, which only makes a difference when the subject is plural, and the subject is absent when the verb is working intransitively, whatever you decide to call it won't have any implications, neither grammatically nor pragmatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T22:56:42.927" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16131" CreationDate="2016-03-10T10:42:17.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many countries where many British live, including for example the UK and in my case, Spain, there exist organisations called &quot;U3A&quot;. &quot;U3A&quot; is an abbreviation of &lt;strong&gt;University of the third age&lt;/strong&gt; and are organisations for (mainly) retired people. Only the requirement to speak English is mandatory. The &quot;U3A&quot; organisations are social groups in which many activities can be enjoyed; for instance, Play bridge, Play tennis, Creative writing, photography group, sailing group etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12163" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T10:42:17.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4801" CreationDate="2016-03-10T11:38:13.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct word is &quot;huevón&quot; and it is accepted by RAE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlzpOYH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlzpOYH&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact is that when spoken, normally it is pronounced fast as &quot;weón&quot; (güeón, or whatever). When written, it could be as &quot;wn&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that in Mexico, this means a lazy person, but in Chile it is normally used as the meaning of &quot;pal&quot; used by all people colloquially. In that context, this is not an insult but something like a pet word. In other context, it can mean a foolish or idiot guy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T11:38:13.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16182" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T20:42:17.823" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not understand the rules behind having &quot;se&quot; in a sentence. Does it not make sense without it in this example? Where I am trying to learn this does not explain the rule. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12166" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T11:01:17.257" Title="What is the purpose of &quot;se&quot; in this sentence &quot;Él se va al restaurante.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-13T19:47:12.880" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-11T00:18:37.183" Score="2" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es más correcto decir &quot;de forma habitual&quot; o &quot;habitualmente&quot; o ambas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actualmente 250 millones de personas siguen el baloncesto de forma habitual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actualmente 250 millones de personas siguen el baloncesto habitualmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo y gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12167" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T12:20:55.190" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T12:20:55.190" Title="De forma habitual vs. habitualmente" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16186" CreationDate="2016-03-11T08:34:28.530" Score="2" ViewCount="1437" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe el prefijo retro- que indica &quot;hacia atrás&quot; o &quot;del pasado&quot; y mi pregunta es sí existe un prefijo para indicar &quot;hacia delante&quot; o &quot;del futuro&quot;. Y en caso de existir ¿cuál es el prefijo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1554" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T12:16:09.803" Title="¿Existe y cuál es el prefijo para hacia delante/futuras?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16182" CreationDate="2016-03-11T08:59:58.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the verb &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; can be a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/pronominalverbs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/a&gt;. In such cases, the verb is conjugated together with a personal form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case in particular it is use to emphasize the action the subject is making (going to a restaurant). The non-pronominal way is also correct, but you don't emphasize the action: &lt;code&gt;Él va al restaurante&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pronominal Verbs can be used to reinforce the involvement of the subject&#xA;  to the action of the verb. A reflexive pronoun can be added to a&#xA;  transitive verb to emphasize the entire action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Irse-marcharse-venirse.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This page could be useful&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6786" LastEditorUserId="6786" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T11:01:17.257" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T11:01:17.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16184" CreationDate="2016-03-11T10:14:59.307" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pro-&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;pro-.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. pref. Significa 'por' o 'en vez de'. &lt;em&gt;Pronombre, procónsul.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. pref. Significa 'ante', 'delante de', &lt;strong&gt;'hacia delante'&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Prólogo, progenitura, proseguir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. pref. Significa 'en favor de', 'partidario de'. &lt;em&gt;Proamnistía, progubernamental. Asociaciones pro derechos humanos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UDfB2vM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UQfWOEp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Prospectivo&lt;/a&gt;: 1. adj. Que se refiere al futuro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &quot;pro&quot; (hacia delante) y &quot;spicere&quot; (mirar), algo es prospectivo si &quot;mira hacia delante o al futuro&quot;. Compárese con &quot;introspectivo&quot; (mirar hacia dentro) y &quot;retrospectivo&quot; (mirar hacia atrás).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T12:16:09.803" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T12:16:09.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16188" CreationDate="2016-03-11T13:37:28.910" Score="0" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se usan? (Is this a passive sentence?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se los usa? (Is &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; an ethic dative there?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No sé dónde se encontraron los libros. Does that mean &quot;I don't know where the books can be found&quot;? Is there only one meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &quot;¿A qué circunstancias se los usa?&quot; and  &quot;¿A qué circunstancias se los usan?&quot;? When should I use &quot;usa&quot; and &quot;usan&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it natural to say &quot;¿A qué circunstancias se los usa?&quot; and &quot;¿A qué circunstancias se los usan?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T16:10:53.803" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T06:57:45.393" Title="Se personal y se pasiva refleja" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16187" CreationDate="2016-03-11T19:54:03.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To make a reflex passive sentence you have to take the direct object, turn it into the subject, add a &quot;se&quot; and conjugate the verb in an active voice so it agrees with the subject. In the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La gente usa verbos en varias circunstancias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...the direct object is &quot;verbos&quot;, so that will be your subject. Since &quot;verbos&quot; is plural, &quot;usar&quot; must be plural too. The sentence you get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los verbos se usan en varias curcunstancias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make a question, the steps are the same. Therefore, &lt;em&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se usan?&lt;/em&gt; is a reflex passive voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why passive voice exists is to shift the focus from the agent (the one doing the action) to the patient (the one receiving it). But, what if you don't have a direct object? Does that mean you have to specify the subject? Not necessarily. If there's no DO, you still can omit the subject, except that isn't called a passive sentence anymore but an impersonal sentence. Impersonal sentences are even easier to make: you start with &quot;se&quot;, conjugate the verb always in singular, and you got it. Impersonal sentences contain intransitive verbs or transitive verbs with no direct object, and they have no subject. Passive sentences can be reworded as a standard passive sentence; impersonal sentences can be reworded by substituting &quot;se&quot; with &quot;uno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far so good, but native speakers who use the language intuitively aren't generally aware of such technicalities. They may not even realise these constructions are different things. They see a &quot;se&quot; in both kind of sentences, think they are the same thing and use them indistinguishably, which leads to some bizarre constructions. For example, a speaker may take a transitive verb, use it in an impersonal construction and just throw a DO in there. The sentence &lt;em&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se los usa?&lt;/em&gt; is an example of such construction. That &quot;se&quot; is an impersonal sentence marker, but later on you stumble upon a DO pronoun (&quot;los&quot;) which makes the verb transitive. Since impersonal sentences should only be used with intransitive verbs, the sentence &lt;em&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se los usa?&lt;/em&gt; sounds stilted and is best avoided. The sentence &lt;em&gt;¿En qué circunstancias se los usan?&lt;/em&gt; just doesn't make any sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the pronoun &quot;se&quot; is the most versatile pronoun in Spanish. It has up to six different functions, and sometimes which one is being used isn't that clear, making it possible to construe a sentence in more than one way. The sentence &lt;em&gt;No sé dónde se encontraron los libros&lt;/em&gt; can be understood in two different ways: you can consider that &quot;se&quot; a reflex passive marker or an ethic dative. In the first case, it means &quot;I don't know where the books were found&quot;. Let's break it down:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente encontró los libros (active sentence: people found the books) =&gt; Los libros se encontraron (passive sentence: the books were found)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los libros se encontraron&quot; can be reworded as &quot;se encontraron los libros&quot;. &quot;No sé dónde se encontraron los libros&quot; means &quot;I don't know where the books were found&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case, it means &quot;I don't know where they found the books&quot;. &quot;Encontrarse&quot; means the same thing as &quot;encontrar&quot;, where &quot;se&quot; is an ethic dative. &lt;em&gt;No sé dónde [ellos] se encontraron los libros&lt;/em&gt; means the same thing as &lt;em&gt;No sé dónde [ellos] encontraron los libros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second interpretation is probably what most speakers would understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the presposition &quot;en&quot; in &quot;en qué circunstancias&quot; is idiomatic. Another idiomatic expression is &quot;bajo qué circunstancias&quot;. &quot;A qué circunstancias&quot; isn't right in this case, but it may be the right expression in other cases such as &quot;¿A qué circunstancias te refieres?&quot;. In that case, the verb &quot;referirse&quot; takes the preposition &quot;a&quot;, so &quot;a qué circunstancias&quot; is correct. When &quot;en qué circunstancias&quot; is used as &quot;under what circumstances&quot;, &quot;en&quot; is the right preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T06:57:45.393" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T06:57:45.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16193" CreationDate="2016-03-12T17:43:16.980" Score="2" ViewCount="1546" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es una de las formas preferible o es indiferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ser el primer gran grupo mediático que muestre &lt;strong&gt;ante los pingüinos&lt;/strong&gt; verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ser el primer gran grupo mediático que muestre verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión &lt;strong&gt;ante los pingüinos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12167" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-16T06:38:31.340" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T06:38:31.340" Title="Orden del complemento circunstancial" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16191" CreationDate="2016-03-12T18:02:03.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente en español, los elementos con más importancia, énfasis o contraste van primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, si lo que más quieres enfatizar es ante que/quién se ha mostrado algo, eso debe ir primero (como en tu primer ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es lo que se ha mostrado que lleva más énfasis, lo normal sería poner eso just después del verbo (como en tu segundo ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si quieres dar incluso más énfasis, cualquier elemento (¡incluso ambos!) puede preceder el verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...que &lt;em&gt;ante los pingüinos&lt;/em&gt; muestre...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...que &lt;em&gt;verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión&lt;/em&gt; muestre...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T18:44:09.770" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T18:44:09.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16191" CreationDate="2016-03-12T19:03:48.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para facilitar la lectura, y como gesto de amabilidad al lector, debe tenerse en cuenta que un complemento debería estar tanto más cerca de la palabra o estructura que modifica cuanto más relacionado esté con ella. Lo mejor que se puede hacer en este caso es mantener una estructura de cajas chinas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(i) Ser el primer gran grupo mediático que ([muestre {verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión}] ante los pingüinos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se colocara &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot; entre &quot;muestre&quot; y &quot;verdadera&quot; se rompería esta estructura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(ii) Ser el primer gran grupo mediático que (muestre [ante los pingüinos] verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno puede mostrar &quot;verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión&quot;, pero no &quot;muestra ante los pingüinos&quot;. Dicho de otra manera, &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot; modifica a &quot;mostrar verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión&quot;, no simplemente a &quot;mostrar&quot;. Por otra parte, &quot;verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión&quot; modifica a &quot;mostrar&quot;, y no a &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot;. En conclusión, con la estructura de (i) se tiene un complemento que modifica el verbo al que sigue y otro que modifica al conjunto del verbo y el primer complemento. Con la estructura de (ii) se tienen dos complementos donde ni el primero modifica el verbo al que sigue ni el segundo modifica al primero. La primera sigue un orden lógico mientras que la segunda anticipa una información que el lector no comprenderá hasta que no llegue al final de la oración. Dicho lo dicho, la primera estructura parece la más apropiada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, existen otros casos donde otras máximas tienen más prioridad que la mencionada. Una de ellas es la relevancia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser el primer gran grupo mediático que muestre ante los pingüinos verdadera profesionalidad y comprensión, y ante el público, un gran sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta oración, es un gesto de respeto hacia lector introducir la frase &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot; antes de tiempo para que estos sepan que lo que se va a decir a continuación concierne exclusivamente a los pingüinos. La frase siguiente (&quot;ante el público&quot;) informa al lector de que lo que sigue ya no se refiere a los pingüinos sino al público. Esto no pilla por sorpresa al lector: al ver una estructura con un orden diferente al estándar en la primera parte, se puede anticipar que existe una intención detrás de ello. Esto es, el lector sabe que &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot; es especialmente relevante, y la segunda parte será la que explique por qué: porque no solo se habla del trato hacia los pingüinos sino también del trato hacia el público.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego las estructuras que no siguen un orden canónico llaman la atención, provocan que el lector se pregunte qué puede haber motivado al escritor a no seguir un orden lógico, e interrumpen, en resumen, la lectura automática porque hacen saltar la &quot;alarma&quot; de detección de irregularidades que todo hablante posee aun sin ser consciente de ello. Cuando lo que hace saltar esta alarma es, por ejemplo, un fallo en la conjugación verbal o una falta de ortografía, la interrupción de la lectura automática distrae al lector y resta efectividad al texto. Cuando esto se hace de forma deliberada, se está usando un recurso literario conocido como hipérbaton que puede dotar a un texto, entre otras cosas, de contundencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea clave de toda esta verborrea es que no basta con colocar un elemento primero para llamar la atención sobre él, sino que debe colocarse en una posición inusual, sea al principio, en medio o al final. Debe tenerse en cuenta que colocar &quot;ante los pingüinos&quot; entre &quot;muestre&quot; y &quot;verdadera&quot; es desde luego inusual, que interrumpirá la lectura automática y que ello tendrá efectos en el lector. Es el escritor el que debe juzgar si estos efectos son deseados, si resultarán en una mayor contundencia o más bien en una pérdida de la eficacia comunicativa, y si con ello servirán para resaltar una determinada información o si tan solo distraerán al lector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T19:03:48.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16195" CreationDate="2016-03-13T04:32:51.167" Score="7" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently read this quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El libro en inglés es como un centenar de páginas más corto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;un centenar&quot; used here instead of &quot;cien&quot;?  When should we use &quot;centenar&quot; vs. &quot;cien&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9501" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T14:46:41.427" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T14:46:41.427" Title="What's the difference between &quot;cien&quot; and &quot;centenar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16194" CreationDate="2016-03-13T10:51:33.913" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's the same difference English makes between &lt;strong&gt;twelve&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;a dozen&lt;/strong&gt;. Here &lt;em&gt;como un centenar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;approximately a hundred&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T10:59:11.827" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T10:59:11.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-13T11:59:55.243" Score="4" ViewCount="1341" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often feel as though I may be coming across rude when ordering in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English I would say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Could I have a coffee please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Can I have a coffee please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) I'll have a coffee please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would never say &quot;I want a coffee please.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas I've read that it is appropriate in Spanish to say &quot;Quiero un café por favor.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best way to say things like this in Spanish in an informal/casual setting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12184" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-18T09:56:19.753" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T06:26:34.687" Title="What is the polite way to order food/drinks?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16196" CreationDate="2016-03-13T12:47:48.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are some common expressions used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common thing to say is just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un café, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more polite you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me pone/pones un café, por favor?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are really asking if it's possible to have a certain item in the menu because, say, coffee is only served until 12:00 and it's 12:01, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puede ser un café?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un café, ¿puede ser?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literal translations like ¿puedo/podría tomar un café? sound weird because it sounds like you're asking for permission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T15:31:51.763" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T15:31:51.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16196" CreationDate="2016-03-14T01:03:04.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some idiomatic expressions for polite requests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me podría traer un café por favor?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Sería tan amable de traerme un café por favor?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me puede traer un café por favor? (&lt;em&gt;less formal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quisiera un café por favor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero un café por favor. (&lt;em&gt;less formal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; is not essential, but it adds more politeness for the request.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Words like &lt;em&gt;podría, sería&lt;/em&gt;, etc. add the smoothness for polite requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T01:03:04.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16202" CreationDate="2016-03-14T04:42:22.650" Score="1" ViewCount="1681" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un grupo de español vi que alguien había puesto la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se los pasó su número. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había alguien que se quería agregar al grupo. Lo que no entiendo es que el &quot;los&quot; se refiera a &quot;ustedes&quot;. Lo que yo entiendo del uso de &quot;se lo&quot; es que &quot;se&quot; se usa para representar el objeto indirecto, o en este caso los miembros del grupo, y &quot;lo&quot; se refiere al objeto directo, que en este caso sería el número. Pero al preguntarles, dijeron que &quot;los&quot; se refiere a &quot;ustedes&quot; y &quot;se&quot; se refiere al sujeto, o sea &quot;yo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me puede explicar por qué es así? También me gustaría ver algunos ejemplos más usando otros verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9460" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T11:10:43.187" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T11:10:43.187" Title="El uso de &quot;se los&quot; en &quot;se los pasó su número&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16200" CreationDate="2016-03-14T10:17:10.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un error común confundir los pronombres de objeto directo e indirecto, sobre todo en oraciones que no siguen un orden canónico. La oración canónica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Les pasó su número.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...no presenta ningún problema a un nativo. Es una oración sencilla, donde &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;a ustedes&lt;/em&gt;, el complemento indirecto, y el complemento directo &lt;em&gt;su número&lt;/em&gt; aparece sin duplicar. En el habla coloquial, sin embargo, se puede repetir el pronombre de complemento directo y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo pasó su número&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...donde &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt;. El problema surge a raíz de que mientras que el pronombre &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; es claramente plural, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, pese a que puede ser singular o plural, &quot;suena&quot; singular. El hablante debe sustituir &lt;em&gt;a ustedes&lt;/em&gt; con un pronombre que, lógicamente, debe ser plural. Dado que &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; no se puede &quot;pluralizar&quot;, se tiende a pluralizar &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; para convertirlo en &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;. Es un error común incluso en hablantes competentes, sobre todo cuando uno habla rápido y sin poner mucho cuidado en lo que dice, pero que debería identificarse inmediatamente como un error en cuanto se razona un poco. Si las personas que te dijeron que &lt;em&gt;Se los pasó su número&lt;/em&gt; es correcto aun lo creen después de preguntarles al respecto, mi consejo es que no les hagas mucho caso en cuestiones de gramática. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T10:17:10.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-14T10:20:49.907" Score="8" ViewCount="2315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish people tend to use &quot;x&quot; instead of &quot;ch&quot; in internet language, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;mandixo&quot; = me han dicho&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;noxe&quot; = noche&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;muxo&quot; = mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do they do that? Is it only because of save time/laziness reasons or does it have anything to do with imitating the oral language? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12193" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T23:38:22.370" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T07:40:27.003" Title="Use of &quot;x&quot; instead of &quot;ch&quot; in internetslang" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16203" CreationDate="2016-03-14T12:55:08.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because is faster to write and sounds similar as in English because (bcos), today (2day) ... but &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; can sometimes mean &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;xq&lt;/em&gt; (porque).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For More information about abbreviations we use quite often: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/583/xq-in-internet-slang-abbreviations/594#594&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;xq&amp;quot; in Internet slang/abbreviations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T12:55:08.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16203" CreationDate="2016-03-14T13:05:08.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; was pronounced like English &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; long ago and in fact some dialects now pronounce Spanish &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; like English &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;, I highly doubt such a link in pronunciation had anything to do with it. That said, for some languages that Spanish speakers are likely to know or be familiar with (like Catalan, Galician, Asturian, Portuguese, and perhaps some American languages), &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; has a &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; pronunciation, and they may have picked it up via those languages — when &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; isn't available, most people switch to &lt;em&gt;ny&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;nh&lt;/em&gt;, for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality, &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; (along with &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt;) is not a super common letter in Spanish. And in texting, you're limited to the number of letters that you can use, so it behooves you to reduce the total number of letters where you can. Using &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;gu/gü&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;) is an easy way to do that for arbitrary words without significantly affecting readability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's surely laziness for some people but frankly I find it harder to type with such abbreviations, and only use them when something is very informal and I need to save space. That was often true when they charged 0.15 € per text message, but nowadays is rarely useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T13:34:14.170" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T13:34:14.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16208" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16211" CreationDate="2016-03-14T23:02:57.633" Score="1" ViewCount="2496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase me suena muy rara. ¿Creen que hay una forma más entendible de expresar el mismo significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con el planteamiento apropiado, se podrá alcanzar el número 1 mundial&#xA;  de manera indisputada. Sin olvidar el prestigio que se adquirirá de&#xA;  cara a esta generación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo y gracias por adelantado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12167" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T00:00:26.367" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T12:14:06.113" Title="Diferente forma de expresar una frase. Ya sea a través de sinónimos o alterando su orden" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16183" CreationDate="2016-03-15T09:31:34.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas oraciones son correctas. Sintácticamente, la diferencia es que en la primera se utiliza una frase con función adverbial mientras que en la segunda se utiliza un adverbio directamente. Semánticamente son iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T09:31:34.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16208" CreationDate="2016-03-15T11:05:21.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi sugerencia es frasearla como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con el plantamiento apropiado, se podrá alcanzar indiscutiblemente la primera posición a nivel mundial, sin olvidar el prestigio que se adquirirá frente a esta generación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás también algo de contexto pueda ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T12:14:06.113" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T12:14:06.113" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16212" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16213" CreationDate="2016-03-15T13:22:42.793" Score="3" ViewCount="610" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una frase muy frecuente en inglés es &lt;strong&gt;&quot;when push comes to shove&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y se usa para determinar el momento en que una situación alcanza su punto crítico o el momento en el que es indispensable pasar a la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mejor aproximación en español es &lt;em&gt;&quot;a la hora de la verdad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en español una expresión idiomática con un significado cercano a la expresión en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T16:45:21.580" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T17:47:17.727" Title="When push comes to shove" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16212" CreationDate="2016-03-15T13:43:02.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A la hora de la verdad&quot; me parece una buena traducción. Sin embargo, también existe un sentido negativo de &lt;em&gt;when push comes to shove&lt;/em&gt; que hace que &quot;a la hora de la verdad&quot; no termine ser la mejor alternativa en algunos casos. Otras expresiones que sí expresan este matiz son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando las cosas se ponen/pongan feas...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando las circunstancias aprietan/aprieten...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estas expresiones se deberá usar el indicativo para referirse a un hecho general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas se ponen feas, siempre viene corriendo a pedirme ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, se deberá usar el subjuntivo para referirse a una situación hipotética en el futuro (o que aún no ocurre):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas se pongan feas, ya vendrás corriendo a pedirme ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T13:53:16.290" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T13:53:16.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16212" CreationDate="2016-03-15T13:59:16.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;push&lt;/em&gt;, visto como sustantivo, vendría siendo el &lt;em&gt;impulso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es difícil hallar una expresión idiomática con las mismas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cierta forma, visto como una discusión entre dos o más personas, parten con un &lt;em&gt;impulso&lt;/em&gt; y luego con un &lt;em&gt;empujón&lt;/em&gt;, entonces &lt;em&gt;when push comes to shove&lt;/em&gt; vendría siendo lo que tú sugieres: &lt;em&gt;llegó la hora de la verdad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, se dice que esta expresión posee su derivado del Rubgy, aunque no hay fuentes que acrediten la veracidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chacha.com/question/what-is-the-origin-of-the-phrase-%27when-push-comes-to-shove%27&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;»When push comes to shove«&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dato extra, en Chile este término se conoce idiomáticamente como &lt;em&gt;a la hora de los &lt;strong&gt;quiubos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, en donde &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quiubos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es la contracción de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qué hubo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o sea &lt;em&gt;a la hora de rendir cuentas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T14:04:40.797" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T14:04:40.797" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16218" CreationDate="2016-03-15T14:14:00.157" Score="3" ViewCount="1789" Body="&lt;p&gt;In García Márquez's &quot;Memories of My Melancholy Whores&quot;, in some point Rosa Cabarcas, while talking to the Maestro, says &quot; Ay, maestro, perdóname la vida&quot;. The English translation by Edith Grossman says &quot;Ay Maestro, excuse me for living&quot;. I don't find this meaningful in any sense. Is it an idiom in Spanish? &#xA;Part of the paragraph is quoted below for more information:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rosa rebuscó en su cajón de sastre y destapó&#xA;  una latita de una pomada verde que olía a linimento de árnica. Le dices a la niña que te la unte con su dedito así, moviendo el índice con una elocuencia procaz. Le repliqué que a Dios gracias todavía era capaz de defenderme sin unos guajiros. Ella se burló: Ay, maestro, &lt;strong&gt;perdóname la vida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(García Márquez, Memoria de mis putas tristes, p. 12)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T16:52:01.117" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T12:57:42.517" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;perdóname la vida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16215" CreationDate="2016-03-15T14:40:53.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means “spare my life”. I think Edith Grossman mistranslated that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T14:40:53.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16247" CreationDate="2016-03-15T15:11:30.877" Score="2" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña estaba en el cuarto desde las diez, me dijo; era bella, limpia y bien criada,&#xA;  pero estaba muerta de miedo, porque una amiga suya que escapó con un estibador&#xA;  de Gayra se había desangrado en dos horas. Pero bueno, admitió Rosa, se entiende&#xA;  porque los de Gayra tienen fama de que hacen cantar a las mulas. - (García Márquez, Memories of my melancholy whores, 2004)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, the last sentence of the paragraph says that men from Gayra are famous for making mules sing. Is it a proverb in Spanish? What does it mean? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T13:38:10.473" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T22:09:05.763" Title="What does García Márquez mean by saying &quot;making mules sing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16215" CreationDate="2016-03-15T15:31:11.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be translated as &quot;spare my life&quot; or &quot;just please don't kill me&quot; and it is a very common expression used when someone comes back to you with a rude answer and you were only trying to help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case Rosa is telling him to ask the kid to help him with the medicine. He replies rudely saying he does not need any help from some &quot;guajiros&quot;, then comes the &lt;em&gt;&quot;oops, hold your horses, tone it down a notch and don't kill me, I'm only trying to help&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases this expression is also similar to the English expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm only the messenger&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;don't kill the messenger&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T13:04:51.940" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T13:04:51.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16219" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-15T10:18:10.053" Score="2" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could somebody explain the sentence &amp;quot;I wouldn't know&amp;quot;? What would be a Spanish equivalent word/expression, especially in a context similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;'Do you do this every year? &lt;strong&gt;I wouldn't know&lt;/strong&gt;' - Leonardo DiCaprio pokes fun at Oscars drought as he has award engraved.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leonardo DiCaprio has proved he has a sense of humour about years of being rejected by the Academy when he was overheard joking about his awards drought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Revenant star was waiting for his award to be engraved at the Governors Ball, the Academy's official after-party, when he struck up conversation with the woman etching his long-awaited gong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Do you do this every year?,&amp;quot; the 41-year-old asks her. &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;I wouldn't know.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itv.com/news/2016-02-29/do-you-do-this-every-year-i-wouldnt-know-leonardo-dicaprio-pokes-fun-at-oscars-drought-as-he-has-statuette-engraved/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;itv.com&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-spanish/-was-she-annoyed-about-it-i-wouldn-t-know-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; defines &lt;em&gt;I wouldn't know&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;¿Y yo que sé?&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Was she annoyed about it? —I wouldn't know.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—¿Se enfadó por eso? —¿Y yo que sé?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, &lt;em&gt;Y yo que sé&lt;/em&gt; is quite rude in Spanish, so it doesn't fit the context of Dicaprio's situation. Is there any other alternative translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12203" OwnerDisplayName="GEORGE JUNG" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T14:30:37.683" Title="I wouldn't know" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16219" CreationDate="2016-03-15T16:12:41.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To quote what has been already explained in the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'I wouldn't know' here may be paraphrased &lt;em&gt;I'm not in the situation where I'm familiar with what usually happens at Oscar ceremonies, as I'm not usually invited.&lt;/em&gt; – Edwin Ashworth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It means &lt;em&gt;&quot;Since I have not come here every year and it is the first time that I received the award, I am not sure whether you did it last year or the year before.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; – Rathony&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comment is meant to be a joke. &quot;I wouldn't know&quot; is a playful innuendo that hints at the fact he resents he had never won an oscar before despite his many nominations, so he doesn't know what the ceremony is concerning such an event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some equivalent expressions in Spanish would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y yo qué sé.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo quieres que lo sepa?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right that would be too rude a comment to fit this case. Considering that and the fact DiCaprio isn't answering any question, a more appropriate translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hacen/hacéis esto todos los años? Yo no tengo forma de saberlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The playful part of it is lost in translation, I'm afraid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To explain this a little further, &lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/wouldn&amp;#39;t+know&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; defines &lt;em&gt;I wouldn't know&lt;/em&gt; thusly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(I) wouldn't know: There is no way that I would know the answer to that question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De ninguna manera podría yo saber la respuesta a semejante pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conditional (&quot;wouldn't know&quot;) is being used to express that if there's a cirumstance under which the speaker would actually know the answer to what they are being asked, such circumstance doesn't exist or it just isn't true. Let's take a look at an example from the same page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bob: &lt;em&gt;Are there many fish in the Amazon River?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mary: &lt;em&gt;Gee, I wouldn't know.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mary would arguably know the answer if she, say, had a passion for Amazon's fauna to the extent that she actually knew how many fish there are in the Amazon River. However, such condition is so infeasible that it's legit to say there's no way she would know the answer. In other words, if the most far-fetched condition one can think of were true, she still wouldn't know the answer. This is obviously a hyperbole, since there are some conditions that would allow Mary to know the answer, but saying there's none is a way to make her sound more contundent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you wouldn't say &quot;(yo) no lo sabría&quot; in this case, but you can indeed say &quot;(yo) no podría saberlo&quot; or even &quot;(yo) no sabría decirte&quot;. Even though it doesn't make much sense to translate it literally, the meaning is pretty much there if one does just a little mental acrobatics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Under no condition would I know the answer, or &lt;strong&gt;I wouldn't know&lt;/strong&gt; the answer under any condition = Bajo ninguna circunstancia podría (yo) saber la respuesta // Bajo ninguna circunstancia sabría (yo) decirte la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T14:30:37.683" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T14:30:37.683" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16215" CreationDate="2016-03-15T16:50:05.617" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The (seemingly) incorrect translation isn't so bad when you consider the (possibly regional) English response in a similar situation; &quot;Pardon me for breathing!&quot; / &quot;Excuse me for living!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12204" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T16:50:05.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16225" CreationDate="2016-03-15T18:39:20.240" Score="0" ViewCount="1176" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Una de las siguientes frases es más correcta que la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te ganas $5000 en la lotería. Tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados. ¿Lo haces?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te ganas $5000 en la lotería. Tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados. ¿Lo harías?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El uso del punto para dividir en 3 oraciones está bien, o debería estar usando otra puntuación? Siento que dividirlo de esta manera es más como en inglés, y que en español las frases son más largas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12195" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T18:50:16.420" Title="Uso de condicional en preguntas y puntuación" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16224" CreationDate="2016-03-15T18:44:39.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que se ve mejor usando comas (para dar a entender que se enumeran las acciones), pero en cualquier caso, con los puntos seguidos igual se ve bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay 2 opciones más y 2 opciones adicionales introduciendo el hecho imaginario del presente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te ganas $5000 en la lotería, tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados, ¿lo haces?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te ganas $5000 en la lotería, tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados. ¿Lo haces?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si te ganaras/ganases $5000 en la lotería, tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados, ¿lo harías?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si te ganaras/ganases $5000 en la lotería, tu pareja sugiere que dones el dinero a los más necesitados. ¿Lo harías?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende de la entonación que quieras dar es que si deseas poner una coma al final para formular la pregunta o un punto seguido para mayor pausa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T18:50:16.420" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T18:50:16.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16219" CreationDate="2016-03-16T00:07:05.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is you're trying to translate it literally. You can't do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literal: Yo no sabría la respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What he means in spanish: Ni idea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12208" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T00:07:05.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16219" CreationDate="2016-03-16T14:56:06.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Yay did a great job of explaining the answer however I think the right tense in Spanish for this would be the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;conditional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; form, which is what &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; kind of is in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the polite/proper answer would be &quot;No sabría&quot;. Now this sounds kind of weird by itself so you would need context based on what the question is. In the Leonardo DiCaprio example the translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hacen esto todos los años? No sabría decirlo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T14:56:06.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16203" CreationDate="2016-03-16T19:34:34.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The X vs CH pronunciation comes from Catalan/Valencian vs Spanish communities.  In Catalonia/Valencia, for example, the infinitive form of the verb born is néixer/naixer. You can find many other examples in both communities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suspicion is you met a Spanish person from Catalonia or Valencia.&#xA;Across Latin America you will not find the use of the X in that manner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12215" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T13:30:51.423" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T13:30:51.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12246" CreationDate="2016-03-16T21:00:03.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah, but &quot;No problem&quot; isn't technically correct English either.  Language is fluid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear Spanish speakers saying &quot;No Problema&quot;, maybe they're influenced by cross-cultural contamination, but it just isn't true that no one says &quot;No problema&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12218" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T13:27:22.470" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T13:27:22.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16231" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-16T23:38:32.667" Score="5" ViewCount="994" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cuando aclaramos un sustantivo con adjetivo, en algunos casos omitimos el artículo? Por ejemplo en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito agua potable &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no es? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; agua potable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amor&lt;/strong&gt; también es un sustantivo no contable pero se puede decir &lt;strong&gt;Busco un amor verdadero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12220" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T13:09:55.603" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T22:09:14.067" Title="Omisión de artículo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16203" CreationDate="2016-03-17T00:03:23.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;x is pronounced &quot;ch&quot; (&lt;code&gt;/tʃ/&lt;/code&gt;) in Valencian and Western Catalan (and pronounced the similar &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; in Eastern Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, and Basque).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everybody in Spain knows this and it has become a common shortcut even in exclusively Spanish speaking regions, like &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The multiplication sign X is used for &quot;por&quot; in areas beyond the mobile jargon. For example a promo commercial: &quot;3 x 2&quot; = tres por dos = the 3rd item for free, or &quot;4x4&quot; = cuatro por cuatro = a 4WD car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, it does not serve the beauty of the literary Spanish language too much! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(The good side of technology being that ebooks give us the opportunity to reread and discover more of Cervantes or Calderón de la Barca etc.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12222" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T07:40:27.003" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T07:40:27.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16231" CreationDate="2016-03-17T07:35:48.300" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que se añada o no un adjetivo no está directamente relacionado con que se omita el artículo. Si no se especifica ningún adjetivo, el artículo sigue sin ser necesario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de que se omita el artículo es que &amp;quot;agua&amp;quot; es, como bien has supuesto, incontable. En español, sin embargo, se puede añadir un artículo a un sustantivo  incontable para hacerlo contable mediante metonimia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; agua = Necesito una botella de agua, un vaso de agua, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no suena bien usar un artículo con &amp;quot;agua potable&amp;quot;? Sencillamente porque las expresiones &amp;quot;necesito una botella de agua potable&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;necesito un vaso de agua potable&amp;quot; no son lo suficientemente comunes como para justificar la metonimia: si el agua está embotellada o en un vaso, lo más probable es que sea potable. En cualquier caso, &amp;quot;un agua potable&amp;quot; referido a &amp;quot;una botella/un vaso de agua potable&amp;quot; no es incorrecto, solo inusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &amp;quot;amor verdadero&amp;quot; se usa un artículo porque en español &amp;quot;amor&amp;quot;, a diferencia de en otros idiomas, no es un sustantivo incontable en todos los casos. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Cuántos&lt;/em&gt; amores verdaderos has tenido en tu vida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No todos han tenido &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; amor verdadero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &amp;quot;amor verdadero&amp;quot; es un sustantivo contable porque se lo equipara con &amp;quot;persona con la que se mantiene una relación de amor verdadero&amp;quot;. En otros casos, no tiene por qué serlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco amor verdadero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta interesante observar cómo cambia el significado de la oración anterior si se añade un artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco un amor verdadero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso, la persona dice que busca amor verdadero como algo incontable. En el segundo, está diciendo que busca una relación amorosa verdadera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se lo puede considerar una contracción de &lt;em&gt;un tipo de amor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco un amor verdadero = Busco &lt;em&gt;un tipo de&lt;/em&gt; amor que sea verdadero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T22:09:14.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16236" CreationDate="2016-03-17T14:33:35.523" Score="0" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you have 2 forms of &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; for familiar addressing (friends/peers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; for formal addressing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a single verb meaning &quot;to use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; to address him&quot;, something like the German &lt;em&gt;du sagen&lt;/em&gt; or the English phrase &lt;em&gt;to be on first-name terms&lt;/em&gt;? And analogically for &quot;to use &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:01:11.530" Title="Are there verbs in Spanish meaning &quot;to use the familiar/formal you&quot; (like &quot;to be on first-name terms&quot; or &quot;du sagen&quot; in German)?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16235" CreationDate="2016-03-17T14:45:15.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tutear&lt;/em&gt; may be what you are looking for, here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=azNQE9X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE entry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dirigirse a alguien empleando el pronombre de segunda persona para el trato de confianza o familiaridad. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To address someone using the second person pronoun for trust and familiarity treatment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't recall any verb like this for &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, though. We use the phrase &quot;tratar de usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T14:45:15.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16235" CreationDate="2016-03-17T14:45:40.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a verb for the informal case: &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no single verb for the formal case, a common expression used is: &lt;em&gt;tratarse de usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2121/how-do-i-ask-someone-not-to-call-me-usted&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T14:45:40.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16239" CreationDate="2016-03-17T15:09:13.810" Score="1" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generalmente, cuando vamos a la peluquería, usamos esta expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a que me corten el pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sabemos perfectamente que va a ser una única persona la que haga esta labor. La pregunta es, ¿está bien dicho eso? ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12225" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T15:20:39.447" Title="(Por qué) Está bien dicho: &quot;Voy a que me corten el pelo&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16238" CreationDate="2016-03-17T15:20:39.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usamos la tercera persona del plurar porque no queremos especificar quién. Mira la diferencia entre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a que me corte el pelo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién te va a cortar el pelo? Alguien que yo conozco, o que los dos interlocutores conocen, Luis, María, mi tía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a que me corten el pelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estamos determinando quién va a realizar la acción. De hecho, lo importante no es quién la realiza sino la acción en si: &quot;cortarse el pelo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5331" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T15:20:39.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9935" CreationDate="2016-03-17T15:27:31.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy llueve, pero gracias a Dios mañana hará Sol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/thankfully&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;thankfully [ˈθæŋkfəlɪ] ADV&#xA;  1. (= fortunately) → gracias a Dios, afortunadamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thankfully assumes something or someone is responsible for the more positive outcome that deserves a thank you, hence why I think the most accurate translation should include that meaning. You can change &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Alá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Jehová&lt;/em&gt; or any other deity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastEditorUserId="12212" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T18:56:32.877" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T18:56:32.877" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16243" CreationDate="2016-03-17T19:19:22.490" Score="2" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there additional meanings to &quot;mano a mano&quot; besides &quot;going head to head&quot; with someone? Especially, can &quot;mano&quot; take on a different meaning in this phrase from the standard meaning &quot;hand&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been told (by a spanish speaker, so no possible confusion stemming from the phonetic proximity to &quot;man&quot;) that the expression &quot;mano a mano&quot; is used all over Latin America as &quot;man to man&quot;, where &quot;mano&quot; is short for &quot;hermano&quot;. Is this the case? Is it very common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did a google search, but didn't find much to confirm this, possibly because it may very well be mostly used as such in conversation and not in writing. What I did find was a facebook group under the name &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/Mano-a-mano-por-el-hermano-558364507644557/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mano a mano por el hermano&lt;/a&gt;&quot; whose logo features pairs of multicolored hands reaching out to one another, which suggests that mano a mano was understood as &quot;hand to hand&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; apparently &quot;hablar mano a mano&quot; is one such time, when mano is to be understood as brother, or man. Can anyone confirm/infirm this interpretation? I've read it coming from a woman, so I have my doubts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12228" LastEditorUserId="12228" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T21:08:34.027" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:26:16.207" Title="&quot;Mano a mano&quot; in south America" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16241" CreationDate="2016-03-17T19:33:51.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if that comes from &lt;em&gt;hermano&lt;/em&gt;. Actually, it's just the term for unarmed combat. (Of course, widely used.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, when it comes to competition stuff, the term is plenty used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other way that &lt;em&gt;mano a mano&lt;/em&gt; is taken is with the well-known one &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;face to face&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those who ever played video games, &lt;em&gt;mano a mano&lt;/em&gt; is often used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T19:33:51.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16241" CreationDate="2016-03-17T20:37:13.363" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mano a mano&lt;/code&gt; means a competition where none of the participants have a clear advantage. It literally translates to &lt;code&gt;hand to hand&lt;/code&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;combat&lt;/em&gt;, but the &quot;combat&quot; could be sports, or some other amicable competition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo y yo estábamos &lt;strong&gt;mano a mano&lt;/strong&gt; apurando una botella de vodka a base de chupitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in Spanish we use &lt;code&gt;hombro con hombro&lt;/code&gt; to mean &quot;fighting or working together&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;code&gt;mano&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;manito&lt;/code&gt; stands for a shortened version of &lt;code&gt;hermano&lt;/code&gt; in some latin american countries, I don't think that it relates to the &lt;code&gt;mano&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;mano a mano&lt;/code&gt;. Even if you were told so by a native speaker, be aware that not all of us are masters of our own native languages (we all had to study our native languages to some extend, but that does not make us &lt;em&gt;professors&lt;/em&gt; in our languages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested, check the etymology of &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?mano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mano&lt;/a&gt;. You'll see that it actually comes from a latin root that also means &quot;power&quot;. Thus, the expression of &lt;code&gt;ask for her hand&lt;/code&gt; when asking someone to marry you carries the connotation of gaining some power over her. &lt;code&gt;Mano a mano&lt;/code&gt; would be &quot;my power against yours&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mano a mano por el hermano&lt;/code&gt; sound catchy as a slogan, but those people would be actually working &quot;hombro con hombro&quot; and not &quot;mano a mano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T21:26:16.207" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:26:16.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16235" CreationDate="2016-03-17T21:01:11.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=azNQE9X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tutear&lt;/a&gt; (familiar adressing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bBiV3Vo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ustedear&lt;/a&gt; (formal addresing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:01:11.530" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16217" CreationDate="2016-03-17T22:09:05.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This phrase could be sexual thematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that a man from Gayra has enough power to make mules scream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12229" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T22:09:05.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16219" CreationDate="2016-03-18T02:55:46.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre una pregunta retórica de uso más frecuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo saberlo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras alternativas mencionadas por algunos son &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No sabría decirte&quot; o &quot;No podría asegurarlo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Son éstos los ingredientes de la receta de la abuela? ¿Cómo saberlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción literal es pobre en este caso. Otras alternativas como &quot;No tengo idea&quot; o &quot;Ni idea&quot; son más comunes y más versátiles al combinarlas (informal/insulto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T02:55:46.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16252" CreationDate="2016-03-18T14:44:46.167" Score="1" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish word &quot;aguacero&quot; means &quot;downpour.&quot; If you break it up, it seems to literally be &quot;water zero.&quot; Is there anything to this? Is the etymology here implying that so much water fell to earth that there is zero left in the sky?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T15:27:44.333" Title="Does &quot;Downpour&quot; mean &quot;Water Zero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16251" CreationDate="2016-03-18T15:19:14.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: It does not mean water zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As guifa commented, it comes from &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; and the suffix &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt;, connected by the infix &lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/aguacero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Definiciona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este vocabulario en su etimología se compone del sustantivo “agua” agregando la letra “c” como enlace y de la morfema flexivo “ero”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastEditorUserId="12212" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T15:27:44.333" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T15:27:44.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-19T10:56:09.073" Score="6" ViewCount="7187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan se ha quedado roque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para decir que esa persona se ha quedado dormida, con cierta connotación de &quot;muy dormido&quot;. La RAE lo contempla en su segunda acepción de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Whh3Pql%7CWhhVapo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;roque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Dormido o vencido por el sueño. Estar, quedarse roque.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me surge la duda: ¿alguien sabe por qué esta palabra? ¿Tiene que ver con que cuando alguien se queda dormido está como una roca, parada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T03:33:55.270" Title="¿Por qué &quot;quedarse roque&quot; significa dormirse?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16257" CreationDate="2016-03-21T13:51:54.307" Score="1" ViewCount="775" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A short  while  later  I discovered that she  had  left  vases  filled  with  red roses all  over the  house, and a &#xA;  card  on  my  pillow: I  hope  you  reach  a  &lt;strong&gt;hunnert&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is English translation by Grossman for the following section of Garcia Marquez's &lt;em&gt;Memories of My Melancholy Whores&lt;/em&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poco después descubrí que había dejado floreros de rosas rojas por toda la casa, y&#xA;  una tarjeta en la almohada: Le deseo que llegue a &lt;strong&gt;los sien&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell the author has translated &quot;los sien&quot; as &quot;hunnert&quot;, which means &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hunnert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hundred&lt;/a&gt;. However, the term &lt;em&gt;sien&lt;/em&gt; seems to mean &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/sien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;temple&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but Google Translate gives &quot;one hundred&quot; for &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/los%20sien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;los sien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. My first question is why has &lt;em&gt;los sien&lt;/em&gt; been translated as &lt;em&gt;hunnert&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;hundred&lt;/em&gt; and the second question is, how come &lt;em&gt;sien&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;temple&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;los sien&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;hundred&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="12202" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T16:14:28.837" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T16:14:28.837" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;los sien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16256" CreationDate="2016-03-21T14:09:03.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase correctly written is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le deseo que llegue a los &lt;strong&gt;cien&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you reach a hundred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She is wishing he lives many more years and come to reach even a hundred years old. (I think this is a kind of farewell card).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the narrative uses free indirect style, the narrator shows the message as she wrote it, that is, misspelling: &lt;em&gt;sien&lt;/em&gt; (temple) instead of &lt;em&gt;cien&lt;/em&gt; (a hundred). And therefore the translator put &amp;quot;hunnert&amp;quot; rather than &amp;quot;hundred&amp;quot;  to maintain the idea that the writer was not very cultured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T15:03:50.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16261" CreationDate="2016-03-21T18:11:44.123" Score="3" ViewCount="2779" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es común, al menos en España, decir que algo se ha hecho &quot;con la gorra&quot; cuando se hace sin mayor esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese chico es muy listo. Saca la mayor nota en todos los exámenes con&#xA;  la gorra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, incluso la RAE lo menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JMIxQbW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;con la gorra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Fácilmente, sin esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto: ¿por qué esta expresión? ¿Se referirá a la época en la que todo el mundo llevaba gorra o sombrero, en la cual todo pequeño esfuerzo conllevaba quitárselo para ponerse &quot;manos a la obra&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T11:52:50.670" Title="¿Por qué las cosas fáciles se hacen &quot;con la gorra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16258" CreationDate="2016-03-21T20:43:35.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La realidad es que no lo sé. Pero me imagino que podría ser porque indica que la persona pudo hacerlo sin tener por qué quitarse la gorra. Cuando uno está afuera trabajando y sudando, de vez en cuando tiene que quitarse la gorra para quitar el sudor de la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12248" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T20:45:04.923" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T20:45:04.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16258" CreationDate="2016-03-22T11:24:14.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo, es posible que, la frase se origina de trabajo manual, en el cual trabajadores manuales que tengan que quitar su gorra solamente de mano de obra suficientemente intensa como para sudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T11:24:14.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-22T14:33:33.810" Score="4" ViewCount="684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the usage &quot;los tacos &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; ricos&quot;? Does that mean that they are rich instead of tasting good? Is this correct? I thought that one had to use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12254" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T12:10:07.397" Title="why does my book say &quot;Los tacos son ricos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16262" CreationDate="2016-03-22T15:29:44.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually means the opposite of what you guessed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;They taste good / great!&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more memorable way to think of it is that, in English, we also call food rich.  Rich in flavor, rich in taste, rich in sweetness, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While sometimes in English we call food &quot;rich&quot; in a negative sense, it is always a &quot;good adjective&quot; when describing food in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2016-03-27T15:40:01.380" LastActivityDate="2016-03-27T15:40:01.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16262" CreationDate="2016-03-22T15:40:50.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid I can't provide the grammar rules, but as a native Spanish speaker, some educated, I can tell you this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Rico&quot;, or &quot;ricos&quot;, could mean tasty or rich (wealthy). If you translate it literally, it could be wrong. The meaning/correct word comes from the context where it's used. Yes, in Spanish it's correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also correct to say &quot;Los tacos están ricos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example for this could be: &quot;Uranio enriquecido&quot; translated to English &quot;Enriched uranium&quot; same as &quot;enriched flour&quot; / &quot;harina enriquecida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the verb &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser o estar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, I've found that &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is for permanent or stable in the long term situations. Like &quot;I'm from Bolivia&quot;, means &quot;Yo soy de Bolivia&quot;. It's something that will not change in time, or circumstances. However, if you say &quot;I'm hungry&quot; / &quot;Yo tengo hambre&quot;, that will soon change as soon as you eat a good meal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T17:54:01.820" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T17:54:01.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16258" CreationDate="2016-03-22T16:05:27.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el programa &lt;em&gt;Hablando Plata&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/audios/hablando-en-plata/hablando-plata-comer-gorra-03-10-11/1213276/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RNE-Radio5 se explicó&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Corroborado por este articulo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.andaluza.net/en/practicar/la-frase-de-la-semana/comer-de-gorra/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;academia andaluza&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los siglos XVI – XVII en la ciudad de Salamanca (España), los&#xA;  estudiantes tienen muy poco dinero para vivir. En este tiempo los&#xA;  estudiantes llevan gorra, y buscan sistemas y soluciones para poder&#xA;  comer gratis. La gorra y esa práctica producen esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Significado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usamos la frase “Comer de gorra” o “Hacer algo de gorra” cuando&#xA;  comemos o hacemos alguna acción para la que es necesario tener dinero…&#xA;  gratis, es decir, no pagamos dinero. Expresiones similares son “Comer&#xA;  / hacer algo por la cara” o “Comer / hacer algo de balde”.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en este otro articulo del diario &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/amando-de-miguel/hechos-y-dichos-38354/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;libertad digital&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del comer de gorra, en la entrada del diccionario, &quot;de gorra&quot; en su&#xA;  forma adverbial se define como &quot;a costa ajena&quot;, y de allí que sea la&#xA;  RAE lo defina como fácilmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como se oye en el audio, &quot;ir/va de gorra&quot; cuando lo consigue todo gratis, fácilmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T11:52:50.670" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T11:52:50.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16262" CreationDate="2016-03-22T16:06:38.303" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;Los tacos son ricos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Los tacos están ricos&lt;/em&gt; are correct, but they mean slightly different things. As you probably already know, the verb &quot;ser&quot; is generally used for permanent qualitites and the verb &quot;estar&quot; is generally used for states, although there are many exceptions. So, what difference does it make to use &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; when speaking about taste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, &quot;estar&quot; is used to emphasize the idea that something is tasty in a given occasion, but that that's not necessarily always true. &quot;Ser&quot; is used when the meal you're talking about is general or unspecific. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La comida de mi colegio no &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; rica, pero los tacos que sirven hoy &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; ricos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La comida de mi colegio&quot; isn't describing a specific meal in a specific occasion, so &quot;ser&quot; is used. &quot;Los tacos que sirven hoy&quot; is specific: it's not any food and it's not any tacos, but &quot;today's tacos&quot;, so &quot;estar&quot; is the most appropriate choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los tacos son ricos =&gt; Tacos, as a general thing, are good/tasty.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los tacos están ricos =&gt; Some specific tacos are good/tasty. &lt;sub&gt;See below for further clarification&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;Los tacos están ricos&quot; you aren't necessarily saying other tacos aren't good, but you aren't saying they are good either. You are just talking about some specific tacos, without mentioning tacos as a general category of food. It's also worth to note that this difference in meaning is really subtle. When describing a meal you are having right now and you want to say it's good, only &quot;estar&quot; sounds natural, but when you're describing a general thing, both &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; sound natural to a native speaker ear. For example, say A offers you some papaya juice and then asks you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué tal el jugo de papaya?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  You: &lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; muy rico, gracias. (You wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; muy rico in this case)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, say you're talking with A about your likes and dislikes and A asks you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ¿Te gusta el jugo de papaya?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  You: Sí, &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy rico. (Here, both &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; would actually sound natural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the first example &quot;La comida de mi colegio no &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; rica&quot; would be just as correct as &quot;La comida de mi colegio no &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; rica&quot;. The same thing applies to the second example: if you say &quot;Los tacos están ricos&quot; you may be speaking about some specific or unspecific tacos, and there's no way to know without further context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, use only &quot;estar&quot; with specific things, but when talking about the taste of unspecific things, verb choice doesn't really make any difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T12:10:07.397" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T12:10:07.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16271" CreationDate="2016-03-22T16:51:49.193" Score="2" ViewCount="8298" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir &quot;&lt;em&gt;no te sé decir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;no te sabría decir&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, en lugar de &quot;&lt;em&gt;no sé decirte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;no sabría decirte&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12247" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T20:59:59.900" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T20:59:59.900" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;no te sé decir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16212" CreationDate="2016-03-22T16:52:48.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión para las situaciones que describes podría ser:&#xA;&quot;Esto ya pasó de castaño a oscuro&quot; -  Las cosas ya pasaron de la raya, y se debe tomar una acción para corregir la situación. También se usa &quot;Esto ya se pasó de la raya&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también, &quot;Antes que la sangre llegue al río&quot;, tomar una acción antes de que las cosas empeoren y se tornen realmente malas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra: &quot;Fue la gota que colmó el vaso&quot;, una situación que estaba mal pero dentro de ciertos límites, se vuelve de pronto insoportable/inaguantable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, &quot;la hora de la verdad&quot; se dice cuando es un momento decisivo, pero no necesariamente quiere decir mejorar una situación que deba arreglarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T17:47:17.727" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T17:47:17.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16262" CreationDate="2016-03-22T17:05:30.817" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los tacos son ricos&quot; is the way South American speakers say &quot;Tacos are tasty&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Los tacos están ricos&quot; is the way Spanish people refer to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, two things here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ricos: in this case, it means &quot;tasty&quot; instead of rich, because of the context&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Ser&quot; is used in South America while &quot;estar&quot; is commonly used in Spain &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, usually they don't say &quot;La comida de mi colegio no es rica&quot;, however they say &quot;La comida de mi colegio no está rica&quot;, both meaning the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastEditorUserId="12217" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T07:17:33.617" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T07:17:33.617" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16267" CreationDate="2016-03-22T17:08:17.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas son correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te sé decir = no sé decirte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay más casos que se pueden construir así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me sé controlar = no sé controlarme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son correctas los cuatro ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T17:08:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16267" CreationDate="2016-03-22T17:20:59.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE (énfasis añadido):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3. Colocación de los clíticos con respecto al verbo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Los clíticos se posponen a las formas simples de infinitivo y de gerundio: &lt;em&gt;Al mirarlo, sonrió&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;No conseguirás nada regañándome&lt;/em&gt;. Pero &lt;strong&gt;si el infinitivo o el gerundio forman parte de una perífrasis verbal, en la mayor parte de los casos los clíticos pueden colocarse también delante del verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis, que es el que aparece en forma personal:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Debo hacerlo / Lo debo hacer; Tienes que llevárselo / Se lo tienes que llevar; Vais a arrepentiros / Os vais a arrepentir; Siempre está quejándose / Siempre se está quejando; Siguió explicándomelo / Me lo siguió explicando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La anteposición de los clíticos no es posible cuando el verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis es impersonal: &lt;em&gt;Hay que pedírselo&lt;/em&gt; (no * &lt;em&gt;Se lo hay que pedir&lt;/em&gt;); o si el verbo en forma no personal es el sujeto oracional pospuesto de verbos como &lt;em&gt;parecer, importar, convenir&lt;/em&gt;, etc.: &lt;em&gt;Parecía entenderlo&lt;/em&gt; (no * &lt;em&gt;Lo parecía entender&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Conviene intentarlo&lt;/em&gt; (no * &lt;em&gt;Lo conviene intentar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Importa denunciarlo&lt;/em&gt; (no * &lt;em&gt;Lo importa denunciar&lt;/em&gt;). Tampoco es normal la anteposición de clíticos con verbos que expresan creencia, temor, deseo, preferencia o conocimiento, como &lt;em&gt;creer, temer, desear, preferir, negar, afirmar,&lt;/em&gt; entre otros: &lt;em&gt;Cree haberlo guardado&lt;/em&gt; (más normal que &lt;em&gt;Lo cree haber guardado&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Prefiero ignorarte&lt;/em&gt; (más normal que &lt;em&gt;Te prefiero ignorar&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Deseo irme&lt;/em&gt; (más normal que &lt;em&gt;Me deseo ir&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Negó saberlo&lt;/em&gt; (más normal que &lt;em&gt;Lo negó saber&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, ambas formas son correctas y suenan igual de bien. Tal y como se explica en el link, la posposición del pronombre personal es normal en algunos casos, pero resulta poco natural o incorrecta en otros. Con el verbo &amp;quot;saber&amp;quot; en voz activa y en formas personales, no hay nada que impida tal colocación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No sé decirte = No te sé decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No sé bajarme de la hamaca = No me sé bajar de la hamaca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T17:20:59.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-22T23:39:44.787" Score="0" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &lt;em&gt;me gustas tú&lt;/em&gt; mean in Spanish? I was told it means &lt;em&gt;I like you.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently learning Spanish, and  was wondering why &quot;Me gustas tú&quot; = &quot;I like you&quot; and not &quot;You like me.&quot; The verb ends in -as, so I was taught that the -as ending represents the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form, so why does it mean what it does?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12259" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T23:44:31.430" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T12:47:22.580" Title="The meaning of &quot;me gustas tú&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-24T07:35:45.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16274" CreationDate="2016-03-23T11:47:32.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you translated it literally it would be &quot;You please me&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/gustar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gustar&lt;/a&gt; on study spanish, where they go into some detail on just this verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T11:47:32.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16274" CreationDate="2016-03-23T12:47:22.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, I like you is &quot;me gustas tú&quot; or &quot;tú me gustas&quot; in Spanish. Usually, this in the context of love feelings towards a girl or boy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T12:47:22.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="108" CreationDate="2016-03-23T15:18:08.860" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use them both interchangeably. The only difference in my opinion is that &quot;aqui&quot; is more formal than &quot;acá&quot;. You don't usually write &quot;acá&quot; in letters or documents. &quot;Acá&quot; is more colloquial, in the spoken language (although I wouldn't say it's slang, maybe a regionalism). As said before, in Spain they don't use &quot;acá&quot;, which in America is widely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T10:44:15.523" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T10:44:15.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-23T21:17:01.883" Score="0" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to figure out how to ask someone what they want to be in the future, as in what do they want to do career-wise. I am not sure which way sounds better. I feel as though the present tense of querer sounds better to me. &quot;What do you want to be?&quot; and &quot;What will you want to be?&quot; are what I translate them to, but I'm not sure if I'm completely correct. I just want to know which would be used more frequently and if I'm translating them in a correct way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12182" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T22:11:07.943" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T15:53:22.673" Title="&quot;¿Qué quiere ser?&quot; o &quot;¿qué querrá ser?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16278" CreationDate="2016-03-23T22:55:51.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué quieres ser?&amp;quot; sounds better to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué querrás ser?&amp;quot; means the desire is in the future. Put it another way, it would be closer to &amp;quot;What will you want to &lt;em&gt;become in the future&lt;/em&gt;?&amp;quot;, than to &amp;quot;What do you &lt;em&gt;want now&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;become in the future&lt;/em&gt;?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking to kids, in my country the usual expression is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué vas a ser [cuando seas grande/mayor]&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;?&amp;quot; =&amp;gt; &amp;quot;What are you going to be [when you're older]?&amp;quot; (part in square brackets optional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on context you might also use some other expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué carrera vas a hacer/estudiar/seguir?&amp;quot;  =&amp;gt; explicitly ask for the career&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Qué te gustaría estudiar/hacer/ser? =&amp;gt; &amp;quot;What would you like to ...?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1]: The choice of &amp;quot;grande&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;mayor&amp;quot; is regional specific. &amp;quot;Grande&amp;quot; usually preferred in Latin America, and &amp;quot;mayor&amp;quot; usually preferred in Spain. (See comments)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3051" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T23:32:24.367" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T11:20:13.643" Score="3" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Muelle&quot; comes up in a poem by the Mexican poet Pedro Serrano. The context is: &quot;...el conejo en el césped húmedo /&#xA;salta y muelle su curvatura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &quot;muelle&quot; be the 3rd person singular form of &quot;mollir&quot; or &quot;mullir&quot; in Mexican Spanish? &quot;Mullir&quot; is defined as &quot;ahuecar una cosa con las manos par que esté blanda y esponjosa&quot;, which would seem to make some sense, but the 3rd person sg. form is given as &quot;mulle&quot; everywhere I've looked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with Mexican Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T13:58:34.690" Title="Can &quot;muelle&quot; be the 3rd person singular of a verb?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16282" CreationDate="2016-03-24T13:58:34.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mollir&lt;/em&gt; is a verb, though somewhat old-fashioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mollir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;mollīre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;desus.&lt;/em&gt; Poner blando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the RAE doesn't provide conjugations for &lt;em&gt;mollir&lt;/em&gt;, it's clear it comes from &lt;em&gt;muelle&lt;/em&gt;, which indicates a stem-changing vowel.  Some of the &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs permanently adopted the &lt;em&gt;e→i&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;o→u&lt;/em&gt; in their stem, hence the more modern form &lt;em&gt;mullir&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a guess, what the poet was doing was wanting to use the newer springy sense of the word &lt;em&gt;muelle&lt;/em&gt;, which would be more recognizable with the older form &lt;em&gt;mollir (o→ue)&lt;/em&gt; than with the modern &lt;em&gt;mullir&lt;/em&gt; (at least it is for me), in addition to older words tending to sound more poetic.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, this isn't a regionalism as the closest entry the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Americanismos&lt;/em&gt; has is &lt;em&gt;amollar&lt;/em&gt; which is definitively unrelated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T13:58:34.690" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T15:22:47.043" Score="5" ViewCount="7778" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por favor, me gustaría saber si es correcto usar letras mayúsculas al principio de cada palabra en un título laboral como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, Auditor de Cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, Director Financiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, Presidenta Ejecutiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o la RAE dice que se tiene que escribir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, Auditor de cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, Director financiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, Presidenta ejecutiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o tal vez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, auditor de cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, director financiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María García, presidenta ejecutiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12269" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:50:44.970" Title="Título laboral con mayúsculas iniciales" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16284" CreationDate="2016-03-24T15:44:12.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando respecta al cargo, lo natural es usar las mayúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, Auditor de Cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión personal, encuentro poco &lt;em&gt;visible&lt;/em&gt; y tal vez visto como no importante dejar el cargo con minúsculas, a saber&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, &lt;s&gt;auditor de cuentas.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque de todas formas he visto que comúnmente se acostumbra a poner una sola mayúscula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, Auditor de cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente el cargo siempre va en mayúsculas, el resto a lo que va dirigido (un sustantivo por ejemplo), se suele empezar en minúscula, pero si este quiere destarcase como importante, se puede empezar con mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T15:44:12.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16278" CreationDate="2016-03-24T15:53:22.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, ¿&lt;em&gt;Qué quiere(s) ser&lt;/em&gt;? sounds better.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The future forms of the verb &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; are used but not often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've seen &lt;em&gt;querrá&lt;/em&gt; used in other type of questions when a dialogue is involved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Hola, busco a Ana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Ana, te buscan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — ¿Quién es?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — José.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Estoy algo ocupada. ¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;querrá&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a child, I was always asked the question as ¿&lt;em&gt;Qué quieres ser cuando grande&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But never was I asked something like ¿&lt;em&gt;Qué querrás ser cuando grande&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T15:53:22.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16284" CreationDate="2016-03-25T13:33:06.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo sobre mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt; en el apartado &lt;strong&gt;4.31&lt;/strong&gt; dice que los nombres de los cargos se escriben usualmente con minúsculas pero se escriben con mayúscula cuando se emplean referidas a una persona concreta, sin mención expresa de su nombre propio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Rey inaugurará la nueva biblioteca; El Papa visitará la India en su próximo viaje&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo documento en el numeral 6.9 dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6.9.&lt;/strong&gt; Los títulos, cargos y nombres de dignidad como &lt;em&gt;rey, papa, duque, presidente, ministro,&lt;/em&gt; etc., se escriben con minúscula cuando aparecen acompañados del nombre propio de la persona que los posee, o del lugar o ámbito al que corresponden (&lt;em&gt;el rey Felipe IV, el papa Juan Pablo II, el presidente de Nicaragua, el ministro de Trabajo&lt;/em&gt;), o cuando están usados en sentido genérico (&lt;em&gt;El papa, el rey, el duque están sujetos a morir, como lo está cualquier otro hombre&lt;/em&gt;). Existen casos, sin embargo, en que estas palabras pueden escribirse con mayúsculas (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp#431&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4.31&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según lo anterior, por las normas de la RAE esos títulos deberían escribirse en minúsculas si se han de separar con coma del nombre o con mayúscula inicial si se coloca punto después de los nombres así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez, auditor de cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Pérez. Auditor de cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T13:33:06.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-25T20:58:26.720" Score="0" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I know this works with the infinitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quiero tomar leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what if there are multiple verbs or different scenarios? What are the rules?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo he estado considerando hacer un blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would this translate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would like to try eating something new&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or what if there is a but or an and in the middle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would like to go to the beach but I am too tired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T22:57:20.353" Title="If the subject doesnt change, when do I use the infinitive?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16290" CreationDate="2016-03-25T22:57:20.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;I would like to try eating something new&lt;/em&gt;, the one eating something new is the same as the one who would like that. Since there is no change of subject, you use the infinitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to try eating something new = Me gustaría &lt;strong&gt;probar&lt;/strong&gt; a comer algo nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's a change in the subject, you can't use the infinitive, and that's a key difference between English and Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like him to try eating something new = Me gustaría &lt;strong&gt;que él probara&lt;/strong&gt; a comer algo nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A key point here is that it's the logical subject the one that must be the same, not the grammatical subject. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes me happy to know that = Me hace feliz saber eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The logical subject is &amp;quot;me&amp;quot;, even though the grammatical subject is &amp;quot;it&amp;quot; and the notional subject is &amp;quot;to know that&amp;quot;. In other words, the &amp;quot;real&amp;quot; subject is what makes me happy, but the logical subject is me because I am the one to be happy about something. Exactly the same thing applies to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this is only true for dependent clauses (DC). With new independent clauses (IC) the subject is &amp;quot;reset&amp;quot;, so you can't use an infinitive. The conjunctions &amp;quot;and&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;but&amp;quot; can prompt the emergence of a new IC or not. You know you have an IC if you can use a stop or semi-colon and the sentence is still sound. In the following sentence &amp;quot;and&amp;quot; isn't creating an IC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to sing and play ≠ I would like to sing; play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to sing and you would too = I would like to sing; you would too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the same thing with &amp;quot;but&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to sing but play ≠ I don't want to sing; play (not an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to sing but you do = I don't want to sing; you do (that's an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, there's only one translation for &amp;quot;and&amp;quot;: &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;. Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría cantar y jugar ≠ Me gustaría cantar; jugar (not an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría cantar y a ti también = Me gustaría cantar; a ti también (that's an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are two possible translations for &amp;quot;but&amp;quot;: &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;, that generally prompts an IC, and &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;, that generally doesn't:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero cantar sino jugar ≠ No quiero cantar; jugar (not an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero cantar pero tú sí quieres = No quiero cantar; tú sí quieres. (that's an IC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bottoom line:&lt;/strong&gt; you can only use the infinitive in DCs that share the same logical subject with the Main Clause. &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; can prompt an IC, &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; almost always does, and &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; hardly ever does. If you are dealing with ICs the fact they share the same subject is unimportant — you have to conjugate both verbs anyway:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana iré al cine y luego iré a cortarme el pelo (two IC clauses that share the same subject)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana no iré al cine pero sí iré a cortarme el pelo (two IC clauses that share the same subject)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T22:57:20.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16292" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-26T00:09:17.407" Score="1" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having issue determining whether to use conditional or subjunctive or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that conditional is a tense while subjunctive is a mood, but I still have trouble with usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding, subjunctive is for verbs in which someone's will is being imposed on another or some kind of judgement/uncertainty, while conditional is used for hypotheticals and would/could/should's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what would I do for a sentence like &quot;I wonder if you would do that?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't the &quot;wonder&quot; express uncertainty while the &quot;would&quot; aligns with conditional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry if I'm not understanding this correctly and thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8801" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:59:36.387" Title="Can you use the conditional and the subjunctive together?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16292" CreationDate="2016-03-26T00:41:12.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that your premise &quot;subjunctive is for verbs in which someone's will is being imposed on another or some kind of judgement/uncertainty&quot; is oversimplifying. According to that, in the sentence &lt;em&gt;I wonder if this is possible&lt;/em&gt; &quot;is&quot; should be a subjunctive in Spanish. However, you can say any of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si es posible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me pregunto si será posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what you cannot say is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si sea posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the subjunctive in the last example is ungrammatical, and yet the uncertainty is clearly there. Your premise should work in most cases, this is just one when it doesn't. There are basically two principles working here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me pregunto&quot; only takes verbs in indicative: &lt;em&gt;me pregunto cuándo &lt;strong&gt;vendrá&lt;/strong&gt; / dónde &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; el dinero / si &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; una buena idea / quién &lt;strong&gt;vino&lt;/strong&gt; a la fiesta...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conditional forms only exist in the indicative mood.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, &quot;I wonder if you would do that&quot; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si lo harías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T00:41:12.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-26T03:14:52.927" Score="0" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am not sure if I should eat breakfast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am guessing this is perfectly correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro si debería comer el desayuno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this spanish checker here to check my writing sometimes, it says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;You can't use the conditional in a &quot;si&quot; clause. Use either the&#xA;  present or the imperfect subjunctive&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? How do I properly express this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T17:15:52.130" Title="Which conditional form should I use if I am the subject?" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16294" CreationDate="2016-03-26T14:14:26.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive mood is preferred in Latin America when it comes to the conditional form (see last paragraph &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGKzkVbRzxjJNYtE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; (see §23.15u), this alternation is common with the verbs &lt;em&gt;deber, querer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Debieras~deberías prestar más atención&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Quisiera~querría que la conocieras&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. The versions with the conditional forms are more common in Spain, and those with the subjunctive form are more common in Latin America.  Of course, the use of the subjunctive instead of the conditional form is rare when the verb is part of an apodosis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in Latin America we can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No estoy seguro si &lt;strong&gt;debiera/debiese&lt;/strong&gt; desayunar.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;comer el desayuno&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit redundant because &lt;em&gt;breakfast&lt;/em&gt; is obviously eaten.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in Spain, you will hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No estoy seguro (de)&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; si &lt;strong&gt;debería&lt;/strong&gt; desayunar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when you want to replicate what's been said to you, you can use the conditional, both in Latin America and in Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Deberías desayunar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — No estoy seguro si &lt;strong&gt;debería&lt;/strong&gt; desayunar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: This applies to simple forms. Unfortunately, the rules aren't that clear-cut for compound forms. Some examples from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMhNmxHtzkrtaTyR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;same source&lt;/a&gt; with compound forms are &lt;em&gt;&quot;No sé cómo hubiera~habría acabado eso&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Te hubiera~habría decepcionado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. As you can see, the rules for alternation between the subjunctive and the conditional forms are less restrictive with compound forms, for which it can occur with a wide range of verbs (&quot;acabar&quot; or &quot;decepcionar&quot; in the examples) and situations. The Latin America/Spain difference also applies here.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2: The version without the preposition (de) is common in some regions, but would be considered a form of &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt; (press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;f&lt;/kbd&gt; and type &quot;seguros&quot; for an example from an authoritative source).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T17:15:52.130" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T17:15:52.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16300" CreationDate="2016-03-26T15:32:53.467" Score="6" ViewCount="1317" Body="&lt;p&gt;El calzado es una &lt;em&gt;clase o conjunto de prendas que cubren o protegen el pie y tienen suela&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6sj2UIn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;). De ahí que cuando llevamos dichas piezas en los pies, digamos que estamos &quot;calzados&quot;. Mi padre diría &quot;Cálzate antes de salir de casa&quot; y cosas así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, cuando nos desprendemos de estas prendas pasamos a tener los pies &lt;em&gt;descalzos&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué no &lt;strong&gt;descalzados&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T11:26:41.697" Title="Cuando me quito el calzado, ¿por qué estoy &quot;descalzo&quot; y no &quot;descalzado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16304" CreationDate="2016-03-26T15:57:42.573" Score="2" ViewCount="1047" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of these is correct when using &lt;em&gt;hubiera sido&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt;, and what is the difference between the two verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1: Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sido caro&lt;/strong&gt;, lo habría comprado para mi&#xA;  madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2: Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;fuera caro&lt;/strong&gt;, lo habría comprado para mi madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was told that the second one should be &quot;lo compraría para mi madre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the two sentences correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I switch &quot;lo habría comprado&quot; for &quot;lo compraría&quot;? and what will be the difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And maybe an explanation between the two verb forms if they are correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12282" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-28T03:07:41.667" LastActivityDate="2020-12-01T16:13:00.490" Title="Which of these is correct when using hubiera sido &amp; fuera, and what is the difference between the two verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16297" CreationDate="2016-03-26T16:15:19.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;in those examples, &quot;hubiera sido caro&quot; refers to the past and &quot;fuera caro&quot; refers to the present it still is expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes on the second example you should use &quot;lo compraría para mi madre&quot; in order to keep the same time on the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T16:19:54.393" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T16:19:54.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16296" CreationDate="2016-03-26T20:25:38.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que antaño &lt;em&gt;descalzar&lt;/em&gt; tenía un participio irregular: &lt;em&gt;descalzo&lt;/em&gt; (así que habrían dicho &lt;em&gt;yo me he descalzo&lt;/em&gt;). Hoy en día, obviamente, el participio es &lt;em&gt;descalzado&lt;/em&gt;, pero como adjetivo &lt;em&gt;descalzo&lt;/em&gt; se ha fijado en la lengua como ha acaecido con muchos otros participios antiguamente irregulares (&lt;em&gt;electo&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;elegido&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que el participio &lt;em&gt;calzo&lt;/em&gt; no tuvo el mismo resultado adjetival puede deberse a la existencia (o formación) del sustantivo &lt;em&gt;calzo&lt;/em&gt;, aunque es pura especulación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T20:25:38.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16296" CreationDate="2016-03-26T20:26:42.137" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Descalzo viene de &lt;em&gt;des + calceus&lt;/em&gt;, y este último a su vez de &lt;em&gt;calx&lt;/em&gt;, talón. &lt;em&gt;Calceus&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;calzado&quot; o &quot;zapato&quot;, luego &quot;descalzo&quot; significa literalmente &quot;sin zapatos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descalzo, za&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. irreg. de &lt;em&gt;descalzar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que no lleva calzado. &lt;em&gt;Niño, pie descalzo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para describir a una persona sin zapatos se pueden usar tanto el participio regular (descalzado) como el irregular (descalzo). Existen muchos verbos con doble participio, y en algunos casos como este mismo el irregular, también llamado participio fuerte o trunco, ha perdido su productividad para formar tiempos compuestos y ha quedado relegado a adjetivo estativo, mientras que el regular aun puede asumir ambos roles. Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/dobles-participios-imprimidoimpreso-freidofrito-proveidoprovisto#sthash.vOG9bGer.dpuf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunas de estas formas [participios irregulares] pueden haber funcionado como participios verbales en épocas pasadas del idioma, pero hoy funcionan solamente como adjetivos y, por lo tanto, no se usan en la formación de los tiempos compuestos ni de la voz pasiva de los verbos correspondientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos de este tipo son &quot;someter&quot;, con &quot;sometido&quot; (part. + adj.) y &quot;sumiso&quot; (adj.); &quot;regir&quot;, con &quot;regido&quot; (part. + adj.) y &quot;recto&quot; (adj.); o &quot;atender&quot;, con &quot;atendido&quot; (part. + adj.) y &quot;atento&quot; (adj.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Citando a &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=z5aov9ozWx0C&amp;amp;pg=PA103&amp;amp;lpg=PA103&amp;amp;dq=adjetivo+fuerte+o+trunco&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=3eJ2s1UJ0p&amp;amp;sig=q4VaJ58KwosjNjwDHBnvpi65nJg&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiLkfyvkN_LAhWLWRQKHXkXDE8Q6AEIJDAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=adjetivo%20fuerte%20o%20trunco&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rodríguez Espiñeira&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre estos adjetivos, algunos como &lt;em&gt;adjunto, &#xA;  despierto, disperso, electo, enfermo, extinto, fijo, frito, impreso, inserto, preso, salvo, sujeto&lt;/em&gt; han perdido las propiedades gramaticales y semánticas de su origen verbal, aunque denotan el estado resultante en el que desemboca la acción o proceso indicado por el verbo, como lo indica su compatibilidad con estar, con adverbios perfectivos [ya, una vez, recién] y su función de predicado de una oración absoluta (9a). Los mismos comportamientos (9b) presentan otros adjetivos, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;descalzo&lt;/strong&gt;, desnudo, limpio, sucio, lleno, vacío, seco, cono, contento, absorto, estupefacto, harto, oculto, molesto, perplejo, exhausto. maduro, tenso, trunco,&lt;/em&gt; cuya relación con los participios, al menos del español, es menos clara (Varela 2005). Unos y otros pertenecen a la clase de los denominados &quot;adjetivos perfectivos&quot; (Bosque 1990). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(9a) El libro está impreso en Amberes. Un libro recién impreso. Una vez impreso, el libro salió a la venta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (9b) El salón está lleno. Un salón totalmente lleno. Ya lleno el salón, comenzó el acto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra característica de estas formas es la variación en significado: en algunos casos ambas formas mantienen significados casi idénticos, como &quot;soltado&quot; y &quot;suelto&quot;, y con otros se producen grandes variaciones, como &quot;torcido&quot; y &quot;tuerto&quot; o &quot;convenido&quot; y &quot;convento&quot;. En el caso de &quot;descalzo&quot; y &quot;descalzado&quot; ambas formas mantuvieron su significado original. Por qué se hizo más popular una forma que la otra es difícil de saber. Podríamos preguntarnos lo mismo con todos los adjetivos citados más arriba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Yo, como persona lega en la materia, no tengo una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, este proceso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog%C3%ADa_(morfolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;regularización analógica de participios&lt;/a&gt; no afectó a todos los participios por igual y no siempre produjo la pérdida total de la forma no regularizada. En el caso de &quot;descalzo&quot;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, ambas formas coexisten, y de hecho este último suele impedir el uso de &quot;descalzado&quot; como adjetivo, aunque no de forma absoluta. Algunos ejemplos en la literatura española extraídos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;¿Quién, pues, no temerá un mundo tan peligroso? ¿Quién no procurará escaparse de tanto lazo? ¿Quién no temblará de andar como andan los malos, &lt;strong&gt;descalzados&lt;/strong&gt; entre tantas serpientes, desarmados entre tantos enemigos, desproveídos entre tantas ocasiones, sin medicina entre tantas enfermedades mortales, y sin mástel y gobernalle en un golfo tan tempestuoso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Granada, F. L. (1559). &lt;em&gt;Manual de diversas oraciones y espirituales ejercicios (edición ampliada)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Generalmente se usan para la aplicación muñecas de trapo (preferibles, al parecer, á los pinceles ó escobillas) que se fijan á un mango para preservar las manos y con ellas se embadurnan abundantemente el tronco de las cepas (podadas y &lt;strong&gt;descalzadas&lt;/strong&gt; previamente) y los brazos, como también los vástagos y los sarmientos largos, sin respetar siquiera las tiernas yemas, cuidando sobre todo de que se impregnen bien las úlceras ó chancros, penetrando el líquido en su interior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ascárate y Fernández, C. (1893). &lt;em&gt;Insectos y criptógamas que invaden los cultivos en España.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Felipe comió y bebió. Pronto se halló restaurado. Una india buena, esposa del guardián que servía entonces a Felipe, trajo un barreño lleno de agua caliente, y allí metió el viajero sus pies, previamente &lt;strong&gt;descalzados.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ortega Munilla, J. (1921). &lt;em&gt;Los tres sorianitos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Los gallegos solían ser procedentes de las aldeas más miserables de la región: la mayoría estaban increíblemente sucios, pringosos; frecuentemente &lt;strong&gt;descalzados.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Barea, A. (1951). &lt;em&gt;La forja de un rebelde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver, en el primer y cuarto caso &quot;descalzados&quot; se puede sustituir por &quot;descalzos&quot;. En el segundo y tercero, en cambio, no. Ello es porque el uso del participio regular generalmente alude al resultado de una acción (la de descalzarse), función propia de los participios, mientras que el participio irregular generalmente expresa tan solo un estado (el de estar descalzo), función propia de los adjetivos. Un niño que jamás se ha puesto unos zapatos no se definiría probablemente como &quot;descalzado&quot;, mientras que sí se puede usar la misma palabra para una persona que se acaba de descalzar. Al usar la palabra &quot;previamente&quot; en ambos ejemplos citados, se bloquea la interpretación del participio como un estado que dura en el presente, no así la del resultado de una acción. Al contrario, el uso de &quot;previamente&quot; normalmente indicaría que el estado ha cambiado cuando se usa un adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marta, una chica previamente alegre, ya no salía de casa. (Marta ya no está alegre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no cuando se usa un participio que describe una acción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La carne, previamente cocinada, está lista para la mesa. (La carne sigue estando cocinada)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;descalzados&quot;, si se hubiese usado el participio irregular &quot;descalzos&quot; una interpretación posible podría haber sido que las cepas o los pies ya no están descalzos. &quot;Descalzos&quot; puede ser tanto el estado como el resultado, por lo que la interpretación de que aun siguen descalzos puede darse, pero desde luego se estaría aumentando la ambigüedad del texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, &quot;descalzo&quot; y &quot;descalzado&quot; son intercambiables hasta cierto punto. No está claro que el segundo haya surgido como una regularización del primero. Sea como sea, mientras que solo el segundo puede hacer de participio, como adjetivo, en cambio, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=descalzo%2Cdescalzado&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdescalzo%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cdescalzado%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el primero es mucho más común&lt;/a&gt;. Existe entre ambos un matiz distinto, así como algunas diferencias sintácticas, pero son en gran medida sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: De hecho, en otras lenguas romances como el italiano esta coexistencia de formas regulares e irregulares es rara. En esta última lengua se conservaron las formas irregulares tanto para el adjetivo como para el participio, existiendo solo una forma para ambas: &lt;em&gt;retto&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;regido&quot; como &quot;recto&quot;; &lt;em&gt;sommesso&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;sometido&quot; como &quot;sumiso&quot;, &lt;em&gt;pianto&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;llorado&quot; como &quot;llanto&quot;, &lt;em&gt;nato&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;nacido&quot; como &quot;nato&quot;, &lt;em&gt;risposta&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;respondida&quot; como &quot;respuesta&quot;, &lt;em&gt;prodotto&lt;/em&gt; es tanto &quot;producido&quot; como &quot;producto&quot;, y lo mismo para otros muchos, muchos verbos.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2: Tal y como ya explicó Rodríguez Espiñeira, la relación entre &quot;descalzo&quot; y &quot;descalzado&quot; no está tan claramente ligada a los dobles participios como sí lo están otras formas como &quot;despertado&quot; y &quot;despierto&quot;. Sin embargo, y ya que guardan la misma relación, siendo &quot;descalzo&quot; un adjetivo estativo tal y como lo es &quot;despierto&quot; y la mayoría de estas formas irregulares, aquí se tratan como tal.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T11:26:41.697" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T11:26:41.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16297" CreationDate="2016-03-27T10:26:38.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sido caro&lt;/strong&gt;, lo habría comprado para mi madre.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;fuera caro&lt;/strong&gt;, lo habría comprado para mi madre.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;example 1&lt;/strong&gt;, you are using the &quot;third conditional&quot;, which is used to say something that it is impossible to change at the moment: it was possible in the past, but it's not anymore now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;third conditional&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in Spanish&lt;/em&gt;, is formed with: Si + pluperfect subjunctive + simple/compose conditional. In &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt;, the equivalent is: If + Past Perfect tense  would/could/might + have + past participle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;strong&gt;example 2&lt;/strong&gt;, you are using the &quot;second conditional&quot; which is used to say an action that it can be possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;second conditional&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in Spanish&lt;/em&gt;, is formed with: Si + imperfect subjunctive + simple/compose conditional. In &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt;, the equivalent is: If + Past Simple would / could / might + verb.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastEditorUserId="12217" LastEditDate="2016-03-27T19:21:54.813" LastActivityDate="2016-03-27T19:21:54.813" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16297" CreationDate="2016-03-27T19:39:40.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Would have bought vs Would buy&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what it boils down to at the end of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the vase weren't so expensive, I would buy it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the vase weren't so expensive, I would have bought it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See how the first sentence retains the present time?  The second sentence suggests that the opportunity to buy the vase has passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I weren't afraid of heights, I would jump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I weren't afraid of heights, I would have jumped&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/104&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perfect conditional tense&lt;/a&gt; can't just be replaced willy nilly with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/97&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plain conditional tense&lt;/a&gt;,.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2020-12-01T16:13:00.490" LastActivityDate="2020-12-01T16:13:00.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16297" CreationDate="2016-03-27T21:01:43.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mixed conditionals&lt;/strong&gt; are used both in English language and in Spanish language.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Its usage depends on the time reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sido&lt;/strong&gt; caro, lo &lt;strong&gt;habría comprado&lt;/strong&gt; para mi madre.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; caro, lo &lt;strong&gt;habría comprado&lt;/strong&gt; para mi madre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are both grammatical with different meanings.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The first one is used to speculate about an imaginary result of things that didn't happen. (An impossible situation that didn't happen in the past.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The second one shows a present situation with a result that didn't happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both implications are shown as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sido&lt;/strong&gt; caro, lo &lt;strong&gt;habría comprado&lt;/strong&gt; para mi madre. (El florero &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; caro, así que no lo &lt;strong&gt;compré&lt;/strong&gt;. — This shows two past actions that are imaginary. —)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si el florero no &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; caro, lo &lt;strong&gt;habría comprado&lt;/strong&gt; para mi madre. (El florero &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; caro, así que no lo &lt;strong&gt;compré&lt;/strong&gt;. — This shows a present situation, the vase is still expensive, so the consequence is shown in the past. —)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want to speculate about a situation where the result remains in the present, we use in the second clause &lt;em&gt;lo compraría&lt;/em&gt; (in #2), but this does not move the result in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T08:48:25.347" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:48:25.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-28T14:53:13.377" Score="3" ViewCount="1099" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo las reglas para un juego  con frases como &quot;don't be afraid to bluff&quot; o &quot;is this a bluff?&quot; (como en poker), pero no sé si dejarlo tal cual, o usar &quot;engaño&quot; o &quot;mentira&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que farol es la palabra de diccionario que corresponde, pero no sé qué tan común sea su utilización. Dudo que mucha gente sepa su significado en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: La traducción es para una aplicación de iOS, o sea, una audiencia universal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Gracias a todos por sus sugerencias, y tal parece que en cada región existe una manera particular de expresarlo, así que decidí usar &quot;Mentir&quot;. No es tan sutil como &quot;Bluff&quot;, pero al menos será común en todos los países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12195" LastEditorUserId="12195" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T18:54:59.277" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:04:53.260" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;bluff&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16305" CreationDate="2016-03-28T16:21:54.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;farol&lt;/em&gt; suena horrible. (Pero debe ser de uso regional.) Puedes usar como verbo &lt;em&gt;disimular&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are you &lt;strong&gt;bluffing&lt;/strong&gt;? = ¿Estás &lt;strong&gt;disimulando&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora como sustantivo, simplemente puedes usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;disimulo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T11:36:03.470" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T11:36:03.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16305" CreationDate="2016-03-28T17:12:26.753" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que &lt;code&gt;tirarse / echarse / marcarse un farol&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;ir de farol&lt;/code&gt; (incluso &lt;em&gt;farolear&lt;/em&gt;) es lo que mejor funcionaría en este contexto. Es un término ampliamente aceptado en juegos de cartas (poker, mus). La rae lo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HdnxIzT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepta claramente&lt;/a&gt; con el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el juego, envite falso hecho para desorientar o atemorizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres algún sinónimo para la acción de &amp;quot;pretender tener más posibilidades de las que realmente tienes para engañar a los otros competidores&amp;quot; podrías intentar usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fanfarronear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;achantar o amedrentar (Acobardar o apabullar a alguien)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;envalentonarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exagerar un envite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no, siempre te queda la opción de usar la definición de la rae y explicar la acción, más que buscar un sinónimo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengas miedo de &lt;em&gt;exagerar&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;fanfarronear&lt;/em&gt;) un envite para &lt;em&gt;amedrentar&lt;/em&gt; a tus competidores. &lt;sub&gt; Don't be afraid to bluff &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es una fanfarronada. &lt;sub&gt; This is a bluff &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T17:12:26.753" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16305" CreationDate="2016-03-29T02:23:01.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;English&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina I believe the most accurate translation to &amp;quot;bluff&amp;quot; (as in poker when someone is bluffing while placing a bet) may be &amp;quot;alardear&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By RAE, alardear: &amp;quot;Hacer ostentación, presumir de algo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Argentina creo que la traducción más precisa para &lt;em&gt;bluff&lt;/em&gt; (como en el póquer cuando alguien está &lt;em&gt;alardeando&lt;/em&gt; mientras coloca una apuesta) puede ser &lt;em&gt;alardear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;alardear&lt;/em&gt;: &amp;quot;Hacer ostentación, presumir de algo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T13:36:01.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16309" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-29T10:49:27.277" Score="10" ViewCount="695" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question betrays my poor beginner's Spanish, but what the heck...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do native/fluent Spanish speakers regard masculine/feminine nouns as possessing intrinsic &quot;male/female&quot; qualities, if only subconsciously?  For instance, is a bed somehow feminine over and above its grammatical gender?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I completely off track here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12252" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T03:50:09.013" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T03:50:09.013" Title="Are gendered objects explicitly of that gender?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16309" CreationDate="2016-03-29T12:27:17.250" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;gender&lt;/em&gt; does not translate to &lt;em&gt;género&lt;/em&gt; in the sense of sexual characterisation. &lt;em&gt;Gender&lt;/em&gt; is translated to &lt;em&gt;sexo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Género&lt;/em&gt; is purely grammatical, or was until English influence in the last couple of decades gave it the second meaning of &lt;em&gt;sexo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, the only difference between &lt;em&gt;el leopardo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la pantera&lt;/em&gt; is their coat, not their sexual organs or traits. It is not a case of personification or animation, it's just grammar. It could be worse, ask the Zulu with their 15 genders!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Fundéu explains in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/genero-y-sexo-31/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;género y sexo, diferencias de significado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los términos género y sexo designan, en la lengua general, realidades distintas: género se refiere a la categoría gramatical de las palabras y sexo alude a la condición de los seres vivos por la que se distingue el macho de la hembra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T13:04:37.303" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T13:04:37.303" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16309" CreationDate="2016-03-29T16:08:05.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 90% of the cases, grammatical gender has nothing to do with male/female qualities. It should be enough proof to point out the fact that there are multiple words that are almost perfect synonyms and are of different genders:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Silla (f.) y asiento (m.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Gafas (f.) y anteojos (m.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cara (f.) y rostro (m.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Computadora (f.) y ordenador (m.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, those words don’t differ in their male/female qualities. They mean almost the same thing and are interchangeable in numerous contexts, so how could one be masculine and the other feminine? Another example would be words that change their gender after adding a suffix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabeza (f.) y cabezón (m.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Furgón (m.) y furgoneta (f.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tecla (f.) y teclado (m.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuerno (m.) y cornamenta (f.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, if someone feels “tecla” sounds feminine for some reason, I don’t think the fact the word becomes masculine after adding a suffix will change that. And what about words that have changed gender over the course of history? An example is &lt;em&gt;sangre&lt;/em&gt; (blood), which was masculine in Latin and is still masculine in other Romance languages such as French &lt;em&gt;sang&lt;/em&gt;, Italian &lt;em&gt;sangue&lt;/em&gt; or Portuguese &lt;em&gt;sangue&lt;/em&gt;. Was Spanish blood not manly enough? I don’t think so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So grammatical gender has little to do with male/female qualities, except for a couple of cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a word can be inflected for both genders&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, most of the time the grammatical gender it takes determines its natural gender: chico/chica, profesor/profesora, corredor/corredora, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With animals for which there are different names for the male and the female animal, each of them generally agrees with their natural gender: vaca/toro, carnero/oveja, caballo/yegua. The same applies to some family members (mamá/papá, madrina/padrino, yerno/suegra), and some other words. These are called &lt;em&gt;heterónimos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you’re asking if grammatical gender can affect subconsciously the way we regard different words. I think there’s no way to tell, and unless someone carries out a well-thought experiment or can link one, all we can do is sheer speculation. Bur sincerely I really, really doubt grammatical gender can affect the “manliness/girlishness” of a word. If I say “Pepe es una buena persona” &lt;em&gt;no one&lt;/em&gt; would feel Pepe is somewhat more feminine because I used the word “persona”. And if I say “Sofía es un sujeto en mi experimento” Sofia hasn’t become masculine because I said “sujeto”. So there is a link between the grammatical gender and the natural gender of a word that is patent in some cases, but that doesn't affect most words, and treating masculine words as male words and feminine words as female words would be to make a distinction that just isn't justified and that, as far as anyone can know, no native speaker does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: This is generally truth for animate objects. Some inanimate objects can be inflected for both grammatical genders too but that doesn't affect their perception as masculine/feminine: charco (m.) and charca (f.), farol (m.) and farola (f.), or cesto (m.) and cesta (f.) are some examples. For more on this topic, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://elies.rediris.es/elies16/Garcia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Meseguer, Á. G. (2002). El español, una lengua no sexista. Estudios de lingüística del español, (16), 8.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T20:11:22.517" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T20:11:22.517" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16313" CreationDate="2016-03-30T03:05:48.810" Score="4" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google translate says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He clouded the face&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm sure that's not the case. I think it's something someone feels when they feel pity(?) or kind of when someone stop having bad feelings for someone else, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried with Linguee, but didn't' help much either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=nubl%C3%B3+el+semblante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=nubl%C3%B3+el+semblante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like a heartwarming feeling?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12021" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:35:40.380" Title="What does &quot;se me nubló el semblante&quot; mean in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16312" CreationDate="2016-03-30T05:21:53.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, it's a &lt;em&gt;metaphor&lt;/em&gt;. Actually, it's a fairly common one, so much that RAE even includes it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qh2z67V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nublar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. tr. Hacer que el semblante exprese tristeza o inquietud. &lt;em&gt;La indecisión y el temor nublaron su rostro.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation: to make someone's countenance express sadness or worry. RAE's abbreviations are slightly cryptical, but &lt;em&gt;u. t. c. prnl&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;usado también como verbo pronominal&quot; (also used as a pronominal verb; that is, &quot;nublarse&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is basically that when clouds cover the sky, the atmosphere becomes suddenly gloomy and kind of uneasy. Similarly, someone can &quot;cloud&quot; their face if they change their expression suddenly, causing in the observer the same feeling as though clouds had covered the sky. Of course, as with many other metaphors, there's more than one possible interpretation. Even though the meaning of this expression is quite clear and standard, why this expression means what it means is debatable, so that's up to the reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: As per @rsanchez's comment, the equivalent English expression would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/cloud-over&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cloud over&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T08:35:40.380" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:35:40.380" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16305" CreationDate="2016-03-30T15:04:14.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás la tradución más directa de &lt;em&gt;bluff&lt;/em&gt; sea &lt;em&gt;bluf&lt;/em&gt;, dado que &lt;strong&gt;bluf es un anglicismo aceptado por la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5hYiNmF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bluf&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;bluff&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Montaje propagandístico destinado a crear un prestigio que posteriormente se revela falso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Persona o cosa revestida de un prestigio falto de fundamento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Fanfarronada, acción intimidatoria hecha por quien no cuenta con los medios para cumplir su amenaza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:04:53.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16319" CreationDate="2016-03-31T14:31:40.817" Score="2" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer estudié que se utiliza &quot;para + infinitivo&quot; cuando los sujetos son iguales, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(yo) Como solo fruta para (yo) ayunar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que se utiliza &quot;para que + subjuntivo&quot; cuando los sujetos son diferentes, por lo tanto la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(tú) Dame dinero para que (yo) compre leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tendría que ser correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en esta frase me parece también correcto utilizar el &quot;para + infinitivo&quot; y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame dinero para comprar leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede decir o es un error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11133" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-31T18:05:42.857" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T14:02:17.277" Title="Dame dinero &quot;para que compre leche&quot; o &quot;para comprar leche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16318" CreationDate="2016-03-31T15:12:56.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(tú) Dame dinero para que (yo) compre leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dame dinero para comprar leche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son correctas y equivalentes. Lo que comentas sobre el &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;para que + subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; cuando los subjetos son diferentes también es cierto, pero se aplica para no confundirse con usar otro tiempo verbal cuando hay&#xA;un cambio de sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además hay una sutil diferencia entre las dos frases: en la primera usas &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; y en la segunda, usas solo &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta es la diferencia fundamental que permite usar el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes echar un vistazo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://palabraspormadrid.blogspot.co.uk/2012/10/para-para-que.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este ejercicio&lt;/a&gt; para comprobarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T15:12:56.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16322" CreationDate="2016-03-31T16:27:54.600" Score="1" ViewCount="431" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero decir &quot;I'm afraid I will indulge in playing the game.&quot; y lo traduje como a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1. Tengo miedo de que vaya a dejarme llevar en este juego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2. Tengo miedo de que vaya a ser indulgente en este juego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.3. Tengo miedo de que vaya a darme gusto    en este juego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.4. Tengo miedo de que vaya a gustarme mucho en este juego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice que las de arriba &lt;strong&gt;no son correctos&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1. Tengo miedo de dejarme llevar en el juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2. Tengo miedo de  ser indulgente en este juego &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.3. Tengo miedo de darme un gusto en este juego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.4. Tengo miedo de que que me va a gustar mucho este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.5. Me Temo dejarme llevar en el juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.6.  Me Temo ser indulgente en este juego &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.7. Me Temo darme un gusto en este juego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice que las de arriba &lt;strong&gt;tampoco son correctos&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dice que las siguientes &lt;strong&gt;son correctas&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿por qué?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.1. Temo dejarme llevar en el juego. ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2. Temo ser indulgente en este juego &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.3. Temo darme un gusto en este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.4. Temo que me va a gustar mucho este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qué diferencias hay entre&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;temer/temerse&quot; y &quot;tener miedo de&quot;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-31T16:56:08.457" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T21:10:37.630" Title="Temerse vs Tener miedo de" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16320" CreationDate="2016-03-31T17:55:39.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here my comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1 Tengo miedo de que vaya a dejarme llevar &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2 is correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.3 we usually say &quot;darme &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; gusto&quot;. This one makes little sense because you usually are not afraid of good things but it is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.4 Tengo miedo de que vaya a gustarme mucho este juego. (not &quot;en este juego&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1 The most common would be &quot;tengo miedo de dejarme llevar &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; el juego&quot;, whoever your sentence is also correct with a different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2 to 2.4 are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.5 to 2.7 When you say &quot;me temo&quot; usually you have to add &quot;que&quot; so 2.5 should be &quot;me temo que vaya a dejarme llevar por (por)(en) el juego&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.1 to 3.4 are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;temer = to fear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;temerse = to fear oneself (not very common to be afraid of yourself unless you have a very bad psychological disorder ;) ) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tener miedo de = to be afraid of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation of the initial sentence in your question &lt;strong&gt;&quot;I'm afraid I will indulge in playing the game.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; would be something like &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Me temo que voy a disfrutar de jugar el juego.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. In this sense &quot;me temo&quot; is not exactly about &lt;strong&gt;fear&lt;/strong&gt; but about &lt;em&gt;predicting&lt;/em&gt; that you are going to enjoy the game so much that later will be difficult to let it go, and &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; is what you are kind of afraid of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-03-31T18:02:41.957" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T18:02:41.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16320" CreationDate="2016-03-31T17:59:59.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las oraciones 1.1, 1.2 y 1.4 son correctas, pero estilísticamente podrían ser mejores. La 1.2 expresa que vas a hacer benevolente y que vas a perdonar los errores del  resto de jugadores (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LRjaY36&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indulgente&lt;/a&gt;). La 1.3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo miedo de que vaya a darme gusto en este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...es incorrecta porque el sujeto de la subordinada es (o debería ser) &amp;quot;este juego&amp;quot;. Un sujeto jamás puede estar introducido por &amp;quot;en&amp;quot;, por lo que el interlocutor debe revaluar la oración suponiendo que alguien no mencionado te va a dar gusto en un juego. La frase correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo miedo de que vaya a darme gusto este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero igual que las otras, tampoco suena genial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De 2.1 a 2.3 has utilizado formas no personales. No son gramaticalmente incorrectas, pero no significan lo mismo que la oración en inglés. Estas últimas tres expresan que literalmente no te atreves a dejarte llevar porque te da miedo, no que tengas el presentimiento de que va a ser así. El equivalente inglés podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid of indulging in playing this game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.4 es una frase extraña. No creo que sea gramaticalmente incorrecta, pero no sé si terminaría de entender qué quiere decir si la oyera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con 2.5 a 2.7 has usado probablemente la estructura más adecuada para traducir &lt;em&gt;I'm afraid I will&lt;/em&gt;: &amp;quot;me temo&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, este debería ir seguido del indicativo o subjuntivo. He aquí por qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se construye con indicativo, temer expresa 'sospecha o recelo', contenidos que suelen asociarse con las creencias o las percepciones. Es de resaltar que los complementos más frecuentes en estos casos sean las oraciones formadas con futuros o con perífrasis verbales de sentido prospectivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Temo que hallaré la muerte fría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) El empleo del indicativo asciende notablemente con el verbo pronominal &lt;em&gt;temerse&lt;/em&gt;, en cuyo complemento se registran los dos modos. Se muestra el indicativo en [este ejemplo]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me temo que tendré que salir de casa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) y el subjuntivo en [este otro]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues yo me temía que no viniera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede observar &lt;em&gt;temo&lt;/em&gt; también es válido, pero si no va seguido de un verbo conjugado puede ser ambiguo: &amp;quot;Temo perder&amp;quot; puede ser tanto &lt;em&gt;I'm afraid I will lose&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;I'm afraid of losing&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso la ambigüedad no es tan acentuada en 3.1 (por eso es correcta). 3.2 no es una buena traducción por las mismas razones expuestas en 1.2. La 3.3 es correcta, pero no suena muy bien. La mejor traducción de lejos es 3.4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Temo que me va a gustar mucho este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente correcta sería la versión con &lt;em&gt;Me temo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me temo que me va a gustar mucho este juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, &amp;quot;tengo miedo&amp;quot; no es una buena traducción para &lt;em&gt;I'm afraid&lt;/em&gt; porque la expresión española es mucho más negativa que la inglesa y se relaciona más con la idea de &lt;em&gt;to be scared&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;quot;Temo&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;me temo&amp;quot; son buenas traducciones, sobre todo usadas con frases  personales. Se suele usar el indicativo para referirse al presente o futuro: &amp;quot;temo que caeré en la tentación&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;me temo que no saldrá bien&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;me temo que ya es demasiado tarde&amp;quot;; y el subjuntivo para referirse el pasado: &amp;quot;temía que se te olvidara&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;me temía que no fueras a venir&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con frases impersonales, ya no está tan claro si se habla de predicciones o de un significado más literal de la palabra &amp;quot;temer&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Temo volar en avión&amp;quot; se refiere claramente a una fobia, pero &amp;quot;me temo que tendré que volar en avión&amp;quot; no. En estos casos, el contexto debería ser suficiente para aclararlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T21:10:37.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16323" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-01T04:10:58.910" Score="2" ViewCount="2795" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- A: ¡Hola, weón!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - B: ¿Cómo tay, chilote?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - A: Toy bien y ¿vos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - B: ¡Un siete, &lt;strong&gt;chilote&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es un insulto llamar a alguien &quot;chilote&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T13:22:34.853" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:23:27.480" Title="¿Es &quot;chilote&quot; una palabrota?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16326" CreationDate="2016-04-01T11:44:02.430" Score="4" ViewCount="81367" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia me surge la duda de cuál de estas frases es correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;alegro de que&lt;/strong&gt; las cosas te estén yendo bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;alegro que&lt;/strong&gt; las cosas te estén yendo bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿cuándo se puede utilizar &quot;alegrarse de&quot; y cuándo es suficiente &quot;alegrarse&quot; para introducir una frase subordinada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intuyo que se debe utilizar &quot;alegro que&quot; pues usar &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; incurre en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=vTr05If13D6tGOqCWV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dequeísmo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T08:59:26.870" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T16:08:16.733" Title="¿Se dice &quot;me alegro que&quot; o &quot;me alegro de que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;&lt;queísmo-dequeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16324" CreationDate="2016-04-01T11:55:11.630" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mismo artículo de la RAE que vinculas contesta tu pregunta en el punto 1. a):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos de estos verbos, cuando se usan en forma pronominal (alegrarse, preocuparse, etc.), sí exigen un complemento precedido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. En ese caso, el uso conjunto de la preposición y la conjunción es obligatorio: &lt;em&gt;Me alegro &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; seáis felices&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;Me alegro &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; seáis felices&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Me preocupo &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; no os falte nada&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;Me preocupo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; no os falte nada&lt;/em&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5#1a&quot;&gt;1a&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Omitir &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; en esos casos se denomina &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QUEÍSMO&lt;/strong&gt;. Es la supresión indebida de una preposición (generalmente &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;) delante de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, cuando la preposición viene exigida por alguna palabra del enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T11:55:11.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16324" CreationDate="2016-04-01T12:01:29.170" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos opciones en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me alegro de que&lt;/strong&gt; las cosas te estén yendo bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me alegra que&lt;/strong&gt; las cosas te estén yendo bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera, tenemos el verbo reflexivo, con la cláusula subordinada introducida con la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; (por lo tanto, es un complemento de régimen).  Es decir, me pongo alegre, y ello es gracias al hecho de que las cosas te vayan bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda, tenemos un verbo transitivo con objeto directo o indirecto (es curioso que este verbo, como algunos otros, admite el uno o el otro).  Aquí, la cláusula subordinada es el sujeto (por eso &lt;em&gt;alegra&lt;/em&gt; en 3.ª persona) que causa directamente la alegría en el objeto (in)directo, por eso &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me alegro que&lt;/em&gt; no tendría sentido puesto a que tendría que estar el &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; imponiendo la alegría en ... ¿sí mismo?  Pero en tal caso, obliga preposición de régimen para indicar el origen de la alegría.  O bien el &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; estará imponiéndola en... ¿el hecho mismo?  Sería difícil alegrar un hecho.  Por esta misma razón, simplemente &lt;em&gt;Alegro que&lt;/em&gt; no se podría usar, porque en tal caso, directamente estamos diciendo que causamos alegría en un hecho, que no tiene mucho sentido.  Normalmente se causa alegría en una cosa o una persona, pero no en una acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T12:06:39.293" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T12:06:39.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16323" CreationDate="2016-04-01T12:28:44.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; es un insulto. Es el gentilicio de la zona de Chiloé, un hermoso archipiélago al sur de Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diálogo que transcribes claramente se desarrolla entre chilenos. Tanto &lt;em&gt;weón&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;chilote&lt;/em&gt; son sólo epítetos informales, no insultos. &lt;em&gt;Weón&lt;/em&gt; es una forma estandarizada que tenemos los chilenos para tratarnos con familiaridad (aunque a veces sí es un insulto). Y &lt;em&gt;chilote&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al lugar de origen del hablante A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T12:28:44.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16318" CreationDate="2016-04-01T15:12:34.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. He aquí por qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE define esta clase de oraciones como &lt;em&gt;oraciones finales concertadas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. En estos casos, la subordinada puede ir en infinitivo cuando hay una correferencia de sujetos, esto es, cuando el sujeto de ambas partes es el mismo. Ahora bien, esta correferencia puede darse tanto entre sujetos gramaticales como entre el sujeto de la subordinada y el complemento directo o indirecto de la principal, con la diferencia de que mientras que la correferencia estricta entre sujetos activos exige que el verbo de la subordinada esté en infinitivo, este otro tipo de correferencia admite verbos tanto personales como impersonales. Combinando ambas variables, se obtienen seis combinaciones posibles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CORREFERENCIA «SUJETO-SUJETO»&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a) Oración de infinitivo: &amp;quot;Elena lo llamó para disculparse&amp;quot;.⇒ El sujeto del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;Elena&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del infinitivo &lt;em&gt;disculparse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b) Oración de verbo finito o en forma personal: &amp;quot;El plomero fue contratado para que arreglara la calefacción de todo el edificio&amp;quot;. ⇒ El sujeto del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;el plomero&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del verbo subordinado &lt;em&gt;arreglara&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CORREFERENCIA «COMPLEMENTO DIRECTO-SUJETO»&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a) Oración de infinitivo: &amp;quot;La llamaron para impartir un curso de maestría&amp;quot;. ⇒ El complemento directo del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del infinitivo &lt;em&gt;impartir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b) Oración de verbo finito o en forma personal: &amp;quot;La llamaron para que impartiera un curso de maestría&amp;quot;. ⇒ El complemento directo del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del verbo subordinado &lt;em&gt;impartiera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CORREFERENCIA «COMPLEMENTO INDIRECTO-SUJETO»&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a) Oración de infinitivo: &amp;quot;Le hicieron una sustanciosa oferta para cambiar de empresa&amp;quot;. ⇒ El complemento indirecto del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del infinitivo &lt;em&gt;cambiar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b) Oración de verbo finito o en forma personal: &amp;quot;Dales unas monedas para que se compren un helado&amp;quot;. ⇒ El complemento indirecto del verbo principal (&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;) es correferente con el sujeto tácito del verbo subordinado compren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bnXsbIrkgRcFRyH,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, se tiene una correferencia de tercer tipo: &lt;strong&gt;correferencia complemento indirecto (&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;) -sujeto (&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;. Como se puede ver en los dos ejemplos de este tipo citados arriba, son igual de válidas las oraciones con infinitivo (&amp;quot;para cambiar de empresa&amp;quot;) como con subjuntivo (&amp;quot;para que se compren un helado&amp;quot;). Al ser ambas formas válidas, si el sujeto no se especifica el significado es ambiguo. Considérese una oración similar al ejemplo pero algo más indeterminada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dame dinero para salir del país ⇒ ¿Quién va a salir del país, el que recibe el dinero o el que lo da?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dame dinero para que salga del país ⇒ Misma ambigüedad, en este caso provocada porque la primera y tercera persona del singular coinciden para el presente de subjuntivo. ¿Quién va a salir del país, el que recibe el dinero o una tercera persona no mencionada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obsérvese cómo esta ambigüedad no surge con oraciones que solo admiten una forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero salir del país ⇒ El sujeto solo puede ser el hablante.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Quiero que salga del país ⇒ El sujeto solo puede ser una tercera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello también determina que &amp;quot;Quiero salir tú del país&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Quiero que salga yo del país&amp;quot; sean ambas incorrectas, mientras que &amp;quot;Dame dinero para que yo compre leche&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Dame dinero para que él compre leche&amp;quot; son ambas válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para terminar de aclarar que las formas con subjuntivo e infinitivo son ambas correctas, cito un ejemplo de la RAE similar a este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;Le dio dinero para que comprara unos tazones&lt;/em&gt; (Montero, M., Capitán), (...) se admitiría ... &lt;em&gt;para comprar unos tazones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: &amp;quot;Finales&amp;quot; expresa que la subordinada especifica la finalidad de la acción descrita en la principal, y &amp;quot;Concertadas&amp;quot; expresa que los sujetos gramaticales o lógicos de ambas se refieren a la misma entidad. Para más información, ver §46.9 de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;. Se puede acceder a la sección introduciendo &amp;quot;46.9&amp;quot; en el cuadro de búsquedas.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T14:02:17.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15543" CreationDate="2016-04-01T15:20:00.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @Rodrigo and others that expressed that we use cursing words instead of &quot;Oh! Dios&quot;, or &quot;Vaya&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What none mentioned is that sometimes there are not really 'bad words' but they mean them.(Just like 'sugar' or 'arse'). Usually kids use some of them, or when a bad word is not appropriated (say, job meetings). These are some expressions used in Bolivia.&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Miércoles&quot; (Wednesday) instead of &quot;mierda&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mier... mosa patria&quot; - &quot;Mi hermosa patria&quot; (my beautiful country) starts sounding like &quot;mierda&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Caraj...teres&quot; instead or &quot;carajo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ajo!&quot; (garlic) or &quot;Ajos y cebollas!&quot;(garlics and onions) sounds close to &quot;carajo!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T15:20:00.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="974" CreationDate="2016-04-01T18:31:27.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an Esopo's fable about the fox that passes by a grape vine. There were a bunch of grapes that looked simply delicious... and the fox was hungry. So he jumped and jumped trying to get them, effortlessly. Finally he gave up saying: &quot;They are not ripe yet!&quot;. In Spanish the fox said: &quot;¡Están verdes!&quot;, or very well could have said &quot;Sour grapes!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this could be a good translation: &quot;Están verdes&quot;. However, even though valid and used, it's not really widely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T19:06:46.750" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T19:06:46.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-02T04:49:15.707" Score="0" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to write about the encounter of this man and woman talking about stuff. An issue I keep running into is the usage of imperfect. Just how indefinite do the actions have to be? Do I have to mention the exact time frame to use preterite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, I know these people talked for maybe 10 minutes after I got there and were probably talking for a bit before I arrived. It was a public setting, therefore there would be no way that this was an on and off sort of event. Kind of like being in a waiting room in a DMV or airport. That's where I was. What if I knew exactly how long but didn't want to mention it? Anyway, the exact sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I went to the airport this afternoon. This woman and this man were talking about stuff. They were talking about how much they love cheese. I love cheese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing happened after. It was just observations on what they were talking about. Should I use estaban hablando or estuvieron hablando? Or hablaban or hablaron?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess I could use either depending on how I frame it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I went to the airport thus afternoon. This woman and man spoke about stuff. They spoke about cheese. I love cheese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would probably be more completed and therefore preterite. The former uses -ing so it probably is imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like I could even describe this using Haber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I went to the airport this afternoon. This man and woman had spoken about stuff. They had spoken about cheese. I love cheese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11716" LastEditorUserId="11716" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T15:09:22.237" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T08:26:14.023" Title="How indefinite should the timeframe be for imperfect to be used?" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-02T12:23:17.407" Score="1" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like to stay at home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta quedar en casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta quedarme en casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11863" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T13:23:48.777" Title="Is the reflexive needed in this case?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16334" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-02T12:28:39.127" Score="0" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión porque es rápido pero una desventaja es que no sea cómodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the use of &quot;sea&quot; here appropriate (I think it may be because the subject changes)? Or should I replace it with &quot;es&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11863" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T14:00:56.290" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T02:54:00.390" Title="Is the use of subjunctive here appropriate?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16333" CreationDate="2016-04-02T12:59:07.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your second option is the right one. &lt;em&gt;Quedarse&lt;/em&gt; is a pronominal verb because the pronoun &quot;se&quot; doesn't carry out any syntactic function, it always agrees with the subject, and it's necessary for all the conjugation forms of the verb. Moreover, the meaning of the verb changes when a pronoun is added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quedan tres huéspedes = There are three guests left // Three guests remain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; quedan tres huéspedes = Three guests are staying.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other meanings (&lt;em&gt;quedar bien&lt;/em&gt; = te leave a good impression; &lt;em&gt;quedarse sin tiempo&lt;/em&gt; = to run out of time, etc.), but those are tangential to the question. However, one relevant meaning is &quot;quedar&quot; in the sense of &quot;to meet&quot;. From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=quedar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija y sus amigas quedaron a las seis en el cine = My daughter and her friends arranged (or: planned) to meet at the cinema at 6 o'clock.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If what you intended to say is &quot;I like to meet [my friends] at home&quot; or &quot;I like to hang out at home&quot;, then &quot;Me gusta quedar en casa&quot; is fine. If what you mean is &quot;I like to stay at home&quot;, only &quot;Me gusta quedar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; en casa&quot; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T13:23:48.777" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T13:23:48.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16334" CreationDate="2016-04-02T14:22:05.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather use &quot;es&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión porque es rápido pero &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; una desventaja, &lt;strong&gt;no es cómodo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways with &quot;sea&quot; everybody will understand you. But sound a little bit forced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T14:22:05.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2016-04-02T18:20:02.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guapo and Guapa, in the Dominican Republic, is used primarily to indicate an emotional state in which a person is (usually, not permanently) notably demonstrating anger, irritation, or discomfort toward another person/s or because of an event, or other concern, which is adverse and preoccupies or agitates the person. Similar to grumpy. &quot;Los que perdieron el partido están guapos&quot; (Those who lost the match are grumpy). In this sense, a person &quot;está guapo&quot; rather than &quot;es guapo.&quot;  The latter is almost always used to define a person as being brave: &quot;Ese soldado es un hombre guapo.&quot; (That soldier is a brave man). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other four denote beauty: pretty (lindo), cute (bonito), beautiful (bello), handsome (hermoso or buen mozo) and may be used both to name the person or the appearance of the person (as a compliment).  For example, &quot;Linda, bella, hoy estás muy bonita.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12326" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-03T01:20:43.603" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T01:20:43.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16334" CreationDate="2016-04-02T21:17:14.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase can be slightly modified to fit &quot;es&quot;, &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;sea&quot;, but in any case a comma is essential to follow the message. Some examples could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión, pero es una desventaja que no sea cómodo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión, pero el que sea incómodo es una desventaja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión, pero tiene la desventaja de ser incómodo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta viajar en avión, aunque es incómodo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the last one, because is very direct. For written language, the third option seems the most reasonable to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12328" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T21:17:14.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16309" CreationDate="2016-04-02T21:27:21.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There have in fact been studies into the effect of grammatical gender on subconscious stereotyping of inanimate objects, and there does indeed seem to be some carryover. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/culture-conscious/201209/masculine-or-feminine-and-why-it-matters&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's one &quot;pop sci&quot; write-up&lt;/a&gt; based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.stanford.edu/class/linguist156/Boroditsky_ea_2003.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this academic write-up&lt;/a&gt;¹, which reports on various other studies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ Boroditsky, L., Schmidt, L., &amp;amp; Phillips, W. (2003). &lt;strong&gt;Sex, Syntax, and Semantics&lt;/strong&gt;. In &lt;em&gt;Language in mind: Advances in the study of language and cognition&lt;/em&gt;, ed. D. Gentner &amp;amp; S. Goldin-Meadow, pp. 61- 80. Cambridge University Press.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T21:27:21.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-03T06:06:18.170" Score="1" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, it is common to use the word &quot;you&quot; to refer to people in general, instead of just the person you're speaking to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't eat rocks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I say the same thing in Spanish? Are all of the following correct? Are some of them more or less formal than others? Are there other options, too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No se puede comer las rocas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedes comer las rocas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puede comer las rocas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es posible comer las rocas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12330" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T16:16:40.880" Title="What are my options for the generic &quot;you&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-04-04T13:24:04.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16340" CreationDate="2016-04-03T14:09:26.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say the first one is the most formal. The second is less formal but very commonly heard. The third one doesn't sound right to me, though it may exist in some dialects. The fourth one works, it's just another way of saying it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also say &quot;Uno no puede comer rocas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12333" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T14:09:26.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16340" CreationDate="2016-04-03T16:16:40.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also elide the article &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No se puede comer rocas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No puedes comer rocas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are ok&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T16:16:40.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2016-04-03T18:26:36.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente el término se origina en su uso actual, en comunidades residentes en las comunas de Medellín, a donde llegó mucha gente desplazada del campo, en su mayoría labriegos (donde se utilizaba en un contexto más agropecuario). Las nuevas generaciones de hijos de los desplazados sin arraigo a la tierra,algunos de ellos con vínculos con el hampa local, la incorporaron en su jerga en donde estuvo algún tiempo hasta que salió a los medios por gracia del cine principalmente, y a su vez por la exportación de un modelo de vida de los arrabales antioqueños hacia otras ciudades en donde era muy fuerte la presencia de comunidades paisas (como se les conoce a los antioqueños de manera general).  De allí a su uso extensivo por muchos en el lenguaje coloquial, sólo el tiempo lo hizo posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12334" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T18:26:36.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16348" CreationDate="2016-04-04T03:04:44.970" Score="0" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve pensando en esta construcción para interpretar sus significados. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;digas&lt;/strong&gt; eso.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;dijeras&lt;/strong&gt; eso.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;hubieses dicho&lt;/strong&gt; eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las tres formas tenemos el subjuntivo en presente, pretérito y pluscuamperfecto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entiendo las dos últimas como &lt;em&gt;ojalá dijeras eso = no lo dices&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ojalá hubieses dicho eso = no lo dijiste&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cómo interpreto la primera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T09:02:51.017" Title="»Ojalá« + subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2016-04-04T07:31:08.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Nicaraguan friend just told me &lt;code&gt;colmo&lt;/code&gt; can be translated as a &lt;code&gt;funny coincidence&lt;/code&gt;, like it would be a colmo if an architect's name was Armando Paredes.&#xA;In that case, I agree that &quot;irony&quot; would be the best translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12338" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T13:12:01.073" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T13:12:01.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16345" CreationDate="2016-04-04T09:02:51.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deseo que lo digas en el futuro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá que cuando me case digas que te da gusto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deseo que lo digas en el presente o futuro (probablemente un hecho recurrente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá que cuando preparo la comida dijeras que te gustó&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deseo que lo dijeras en el pasado, cuando no lo hiciste&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá que cuando murió la Tia María hubieses dicho que lo sentías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T09:02:51.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-04T09:35:11.970" Score="0" ViewCount="1226" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la informática, cuando estoy añadiendo algo en algún lugar digo que hago una &lt;em&gt;inserción&lt;/em&gt;, tras lo cual decimos que se ha &lt;em&gt;insertado&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, ambas frases serían válidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XXX ha sido &lt;strong&gt;insertado&lt;/strong&gt; correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;inserción&lt;/strong&gt; de XXX ha sido correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando en lugar de añadir lo que hacemos es eliminar, decimos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YYY ha sido &lt;strong&gt;eliminado&lt;/strong&gt; correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿cuál podría ser el nombre que designara la acción de eliminar? Lo siguiente me suena mal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;eliminación&lt;/strong&gt; de YYY ha sido correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino a pensar que puede existir algo como &lt;em&gt;eliminaje&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Estoy en lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T14:00:03.090" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T14:00:03.090" Title="¿Qué antónimo de &quot;inserción&quot; se puede usar en informática?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16349" CreationDate="2016-04-04T09:57:58.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YYY ha sido removido correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende en concreto sobre que se este hablando, pero quizás puedes utilizar 'descartado' o 'suprimido'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T09:57:58.277" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16349" CreationDate="2016-04-04T10:32:06.437" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar &lt;em&gt;extraer, extracción&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HOFmHUL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraer 1. tr. sacar (‖ poner algo fuera de donde estaba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es también la palabra usada en los sistemas operativos al &lt;a href=&quot;https://imgur.com/IkcgL18&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;descomprimir archivos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T10:32:06.437" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="539" CreationDate="2016-04-04T23:04:41.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Precisamente por esto es que mis hijos me dicen que no cuente chistes traducidos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo se traduciría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El colmo de los colmos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que el mudo le diga al sordo que el ciego lo está mirando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me suena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The final straw of all the final straws:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que prefiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Irony of ironies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:04:41.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16355" CreationDate="2016-04-02T01:19:15.540" Score="0" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've come across Spanish sentences where the article is followed by a possessive adjective or demonstrative adjective, followed by a noun. Normally, it is either the article or the adjective + noun, like &lt;strong&gt;el libro&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mi libro&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ese libro&lt;/strong&gt;. So, the following sentence will not be well formed: El mi/ese libro está en la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the following sentences well formed? How acceptable or mainstream are these sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.martinezdecarnero.com/glossword/index.php/term/Gonzalo+Correas%252C+Vocabulario+de+refranes,Ac%C3%A1+os+hallo%252C+amor+querido%252C+en+el+mi+libro..xhtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: Acá os hallo, amor querido, en &lt;strong&gt;el mi libro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/traducao/espanhol-portugues/leer+ese+libro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: Voy a empezar a leer &lt;strong&gt;el ese libro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.monmagan.com/cultura/las-nuevas-criaturas-y-los-senores-jim-morrison/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: yo tambien quiero &lt;strong&gt;el ese libro&lt;/strong&gt;,por favor diganme donde lo puedo encontrar o pedir??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4218" OwnerDisplayName="Noble_Bright_Life" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T02:59:14.573" Title="Article + Possessive/Demonstrative + Noun Phrase: Acceptable in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16353" CreationDate="2016-04-02T08:49:26.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those sentences are not well formed, with the only exception of the structure &lt;em&gt;article + possessive + noun&lt;/em&gt;, which is very rarely used in poetic language. It used to be a correct structure long time ago though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Oceanotti" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T08:49:26.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16353" CreationDate="2016-04-03T02:09:54.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general rule, you cannot have articles and demonstratives both in front of a noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)&lt;/em&gt; (p. 1380)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;19.1j&lt;/strong&gt; El artículo, los demostrativos y los posesivos se excluyen mutuamente como introductores del grupo nominal, &lt;strong&gt;con excepciones&lt;/strong&gt; […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are exceptions and so we can say that for the first one, &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern Spanish normally does not use the structure &lt;em&gt;article + unstressed possessive pronoun + noun&lt;/em&gt;, but it is still in common use in some parts of the Spanish-speaking world:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)&lt;/em&gt; (p. 1347)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;18.2n&lt;/strong&gt; […] Las principales pautas en las que los posesivos seguían a otros modificadores del sustantivo son las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A. «Artículo definido + posesivo»  […]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   B. «Artículo indefinido + posesivo» […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;18.3m&lt;/strong&gt; […] Las pautas &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;, muy comunes en la lengua medieval, fueron cayendo en desuso en la clásica, especialmente la primera.  Ambas pervivieron, sin embargo, en las hablas septentrionales y noroccidentales de la Península Ibérica […] La pauta &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;un su amigo, una mi hijita&lt;/em&gt;) se documenta hoy en la misma área.  También se registra en México, en particular en el estado de Chiapas, así como en varios países centroamericanos, especialmente Guatemala, Nicaragua y El Salvador.  Se atestigua asimismo en el Paraguay y en el área de Cajamarca (Perú), entre otras regiones andinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second two, &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, at least not generally in the example you've given (that is, &lt;em&gt;article + demonstrative adjective from the este/ese/aquel series + noun&lt;/em&gt;), though it &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=vyDnAtYApD4C&amp;amp;lpg=PA36&amp;amp;ots=02Hy_CfcmW&amp;amp;dq=%22las%20aquellas%20cosas%22&amp;amp;pg=PA36#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22las%20aquellas%20cosas%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;can be&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=lDaqJTp8xJEC&amp;amp;pg=PA108&amp;amp;lpg=PA108&amp;amp;dq=%22las%20aquellas%20cosas%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=5q48vEWwFq&amp;amp;sig=ORPWX9nJVfwpJEZr1vU5AmxeZMw&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22las%20aquellas%20cosas%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;medieval&lt;/a&gt; Spanish and even in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=h-ba8pzFn2wC&amp;amp;pg=PA12&amp;amp;dq=%22el%20este%20libro%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjFz9r1r_HLAhWGtxQKHYI_DtMQ6AEISTAG#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22el%20este%20libro%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;modern&lt;/a&gt; Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=Aly9i--7CDkC&amp;amp;pg=PA65&amp;amp;dq=%22los%20esos%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjW7Z2nsfHLAhVJvhQKHS5bCPI4KBDoAQg5MAU#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22los%20esos%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;occasionally&lt;/a&gt; (though it may be hard to tell the difference between a typo and intentional use in the modern).  The demonstrative adjective &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; does, however, easily admit such construction in modern Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)&lt;/em&gt; (p. 1329-30)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;17.10l&lt;/strong&gt; Se emplea &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo antepuesto cuando aparece precedido de un determinante.  Este uso era muy común en el español medieval y en el clásico, pero se registra asimismo en el actual, algo más frecuentemente en el español americano que en el europeo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  […]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;17.10n&lt;/strong&gt; La pauta «&lt;em&gt;un tal&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;una tal&lt;/em&gt; + nombre común» era común en la lengua medieval […] Aunque esta construcción es hoy poco habitual, se registra en el español europeo y el americano, con frecuencia algo mayor en el segundo que en el primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" OwnerDisplayName="guifa" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T02:59:14.573" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T02:59:14.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2016-04-05T14:29:29.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Bolivia también se usa 'pata de perro' , sobre todo en la region oriental. Se utiliza como sinónimo de 'callejero', no tanto para quien le gusta viajar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T14:29:29.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3339" CreationDate="2016-04-05T14:36:48.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Bolivia se usa en la zona occidental (andina), con la variante que el &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; va al final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Vendrá fulano?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — No siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es reforzando la negativa. En este caso se usa si se insistió a fulano que viniese y decididamente no quiso venir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T15:27:47.577" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T15:27:47.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2016-04-05T16:16:08.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Y en El Salvador, donde al perro le decimos &quot;chucho&quot;, se usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pata de chucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vean este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xyp7xt-ygy0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt;, especialmente de 2:30 a 3:00 minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T16:16:08.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16349" CreationDate="2016-04-05T20:20:19.547" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sinónimo de inserción = &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;integración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antónimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desintegración, separación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12351" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T20:20:19.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16363" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16372" CreationDate="2016-04-06T02:03:09.003" Score="3" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;One suggestion I heard for practicing Spanish was to go to a restaurant where Spanish is spoken (there are a few Mexican restaurants in my area where the waiters are bilingual) and order in Spanish. Seems like a good idea to me; the vocabulary is simple and the conversations are short, plus I can plan ahead of time what to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I find that time and again whenever I try to order in Spanish, the waiter switches to English. I know that they speak Spanish; I hear them speaking Spanish to colleagues and other patrons. But they insist on speaking English with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one case, I started speaking in Spanish, the waiter switched to English, then he moved on to my Hispanic colleague where he, without hesitation, conducted the order in Spanish, much to my frustration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Spanish isn't perfect, but I've had no problem being understood in basic conversations (my American accent doesn't seem to be too much of a barrier either). I am of German descent and look the part, so I'm afraid that my appearance may be influencing this behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way that I can order food in Spanish, without the waiter switching to English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5440" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T22:50:18.230" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T22:50:18.230" Title="How can I order food in Spanish, without the waiter switching to English?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;&lt;bilingüismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3221" CreationDate="2016-04-06T05:01:09.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried to document or record which basic words have troubled you, so that you can use the Etymological Approach to learning these troubling words? Not all words have known etymologies, but at least you can try to understand the etymology?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this article by &lt;a href=&quot;http://lrc.salemstate.edu/aske/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dr Jon Aske&lt;/a&gt;, Department of Foreign Languages, Salem State University.: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ssclinguafranca.wordpress.com/2011/04/23/the-etymological-approach-to-learning-spanish-vocabulary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://ssclinguafranca.wordpress.com/2011/04/23/the-etymological-approach-to-learning-spanish-vocabulary/&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T05:01:09.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16368" CreationDate="2016-04-06T07:52:28.953" Score="4" ViewCount="8584" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice con frecuencia &lt;em&gt;... y punto pelota&lt;/em&gt; para dar por terminada una discusión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mamá, ¿puedo ir al cine?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Pero si ya hice los deberes!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;He dicho que no y punto pelota.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/y-punto-pelota-1755/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lo indica Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; y creo que es una expresión bastante corriente, al menos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no consigo encontrar referencias sobre el origen de esta expresión. Yo la interpreto así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un punto indica el final de algo. Luego de alguna forma dicha connotación de final será más fuerte cuanto mayor sea ese punto. Si visualizamos un punto tan grande como una pelota (¿de fútbol?) entonces es que queremos dar una imagen muy contundente de final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todo es intuición, ¿tiene sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Veo que tenemos las etiqueta &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/modismos&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;modismos&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;modismos&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/expresion&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;expresion&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;expresion&lt;/a&gt;. ¿No sería modismo un subconjunto de expresiones?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T12:57:22.540" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T07:11:36.870" Title="¿Por qué cerramos las discusiones con un &quot;y punto pelota&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16363" CreationDate="2016-04-06T10:14:20.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Just keep talking in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;. If the waiter is smart enough he/she will use the language that you are using. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me it is exactly the same when I want to practice my English and people switch to Spanish; if I am confident enough, I also say that I prefer to speak in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="353" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2016-12-31T13:25:23.033" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T13:25:23.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16365" CreationDate="2016-04-06T10:24:21.243" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras realizar una búsqueda por internet sobre el origen de la expresión &quot;y punto pelota&quot;, la explicación más plausible me parece la que expongo a continuación.&#xA;Citando una respuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/punto-pelota-punto-y-fin.964454/&quot;&gt;éste&lt;/a&gt; foro, podemos leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Título del artículo: Punto y pelota, Autor: Alex Salmon: &quot;La expresión&#xA;  nos viene al pelo. Explica el final de una frase periodística. Los&#xA;  diarios del siglo XX acaban los textos con un punto y una grafía que&#xA;  simbolizaba una redonda negra como una pelota. Los diarios modernos ya&#xA;  no la utilizan.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A juzgar a partir de la explicación expuesta, se trataría de una grafía particular utilizada en periódicos deportivos del siglo pasado. En otro foro he encontrado también la posible grafía, la cual se sugiere como sigue: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(.•)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, éste simbolo se utilizaría para dar por concluido el articulo en turno. &#xA;Dada la poca fiabilidad de las fuentes, sólo quiero aclarar que mis conclusiones son meramente especulativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T10:24:21.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16370" CreationDate="2016-04-06T18:54:15.860" Score="0" ViewCount="1105" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, I wish to state that it's been a long time since I used or studied Spanish, would that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace muchos años que lo usé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12358" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T19:00:42.093" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T12:44:53.787" Title="How to state it was long time since you used something" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16369" CreationDate="2016-04-06T19:11:59.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation is correct however &amp;quot;usé&amp;quot; sounds like if you were talking about an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To better express the idea about the &lt;em&gt;knowledge&lt;/em&gt; of a language I think you should use verbs like &amp;quot;estudiar&amp;quot; &amp;quot;hablar&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;practicar&amp;quot; i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace muchos años que lo &lt;strong&gt;estudié&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no lo he &lt;strong&gt;hablado&lt;/strong&gt; en mucho tiempo. (It's been years since I studied it, but I've not spoken it in a while)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace mucho tiempo que no lo &lt;strong&gt;hablo/practico&lt;/strong&gt;. (It's been a long time since I spoke it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also change the order of the sentence :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo estudié/hablé hace mucho tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estudié español hace mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T12:44:53.787" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16363" CreationDate="2016-04-06T20:42:33.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Various options that you can think about are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tell the waiter you are trying to improve/practice Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can say &quot;Me gustaría mejorar mi español, ¿podría hablar en español, por favor?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is too redundant, you can simply say &quot;¿Podría hablar(me) en español, por favor?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep talking Spanish until the waiter realizes you want to use Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tell him you don't speak English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yeah, I've read the comments, but maybe you can say you are German, it is an option too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read that you prepared what you are going to say, which is pretty great. With the first option, if you are polite, he can keep talking in Spanish. With the second, he may ask you again if you want to use English, if you don't know some Spanish words. With the third, you better simulate a German accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11647" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T20:48:20.013" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T20:48:20.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16373" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16374" CreationDate="2016-04-07T00:55:45.380" Score="5" ViewCount="4626" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy aprendiendo sobre objectos indirectos y directos. Yo entiendo cuándo usar &lt;em&gt;me, se,&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, pero no entiendo &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Give the book to your sister!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dáselo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es un ejemplo en el que yo usaría &lt;em&gt;le.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="12361" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T13:34:26.687" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T23:07:57.270" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;le&quot; en una oración?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16373" CreationDate="2016-04-07T01:19:29.617" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás casi en lo correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien en tu ejemplo lo normal sería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dálelo.*     &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(incorrecto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es incorrecto porque en español existe una regla que dice que cuando se tiene la combinación &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;, o &lt;code&gt;les&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;, se convierten en &lt;code&gt;selo&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;le + lo    ==&amp;gt;   selo&#xA;les + lo   ==&amp;gt;   selo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta transformación también opera en el caso de pronombres no enclíticos (no usados como sufijos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traté de decirle algo a ella.  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(I tried to tell her something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; traté de decir algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo traté de decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerda que lo que se evita decir es &lt;strong&gt;lelo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;lela&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T23:07:57.270" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T23:07:57.270" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16373" CreationDate="2016-04-07T06:19:00.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando el pronombre desempeña la función de complemento directo, deben usarse las formas lo, los para el masculino (singular y plural, respectivamente) y la, las para el femenino (singular y plural, respectivamente):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Has visto a Juan? Sí, lo vi ayer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Has visto a Juan y a los niños? Sí, los he visto en el parque. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compré la medicina y se la di sin que&#xA;nadie me viera.      &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Has recogido a las niñas? Sí, las recogí antes&#xA;de ir al taller.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el pronombre desempeña la función de complemento indirecto, deben usarse las formas le, les (singular y plural, respectivamente), con independencia del género de la palabra a la que se refiera el pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le pedí disculpas a mi madre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le dije a su hermana que viniera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Les di un regalo a los niños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa un vistazo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://mimosa.pntic.mec.es/ajuan3/lengua/usosdese.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este link&lt;/a&gt; para entender mejor el funcionamiento de los otros pronombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, ten cuidado de cometer los errores conocidos como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;laísmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T06:19:00.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2016-04-07T06:23:39.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Break means &lt;strong&gt;descanso&lt;/strong&gt; but depending on the context and the length of that break you can translate it as &lt;strong&gt;vacaciones&lt;/strong&gt; (when it is a long period such as Christmas, Easter), &lt;strong&gt;recreo&lt;/strong&gt;(when children at school take their break) o &lt;strong&gt;pausa&lt;/strong&gt; (when you go for a coffee or lunch in the middle of your workday). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T06:23:39.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-07T09:04:43.220" Score="4" ViewCount="3168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si es correcto lo que tengo entendido: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Antes de que&lt;/em&gt; expresa posterioridad &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Después de que&lt;/em&gt; expresa anterioridad &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Verdad? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla antes que se pusiera el sol.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla después de que se hubiera puesto el sol.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12365" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T09:46:51.337" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T07:57:02.667" Title="¿En qué situaciones se usa &quot;antes de que&quot; y &quot;después de que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16381" CreationDate="2016-04-07T12:58:02.517" Score="3" ViewCount="2219" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cada vez más oigo y leo frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gustan las patatas, pero sé que &lt;strong&gt;eventualmente&lt;/strong&gt; me acabarán gustando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí esto es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falso_amigo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;falso amigo&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra &lt;em&gt;eventually&lt;/em&gt;, que quiere decir &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=eventually&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;finalmente, al final, con el tiempo&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miré la definición en la RAE y me lo confirma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H9RF1l5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eventualmente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Incierta o casualmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me hace pensar, por ejemplo, en la palabra &lt;em&gt;eventual&lt;/em&gt; y los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.citapreviainem.es/el-contrato-eventual-por-circunstancias-de-la-produccion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;contratos eventuales&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me pregunto: ¿acaso hay alguna acepción que me pasa desapercibida? ¿Es erróneo usarla como traducción de &lt;em&gt;eventually&lt;/em&gt; o puede haber casos en que sí sea válida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T23:02:45.340" Title="¿Es &quot;eventualmente&quot; una traducción válida de &quot;eventually&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16380" CreationDate="2016-04-07T23:03:49.700" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, No debe utilizarse con el significado de 'al final o finalmente', es decir, no es equivalente con &lt;em&gt;eventually&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cito de la referencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No debe utilizarse con el significado de ‘al final o finalmente’, calco censurable del inglés eventually: «Tal vez por eso Castro terminó eventualmente desterrando al Che de Cuba» (DAméricas [EE. UU.] 15.4.97).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la oración es un ejemplo de un mal uso de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;eventualmente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=eventual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Referencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12369" LastEditorUserId="12369" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T23:02:45.340" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T23:02:45.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16385" CreationDate="2016-04-08T12:45:11.750" Score="1" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could somebody please translate &quot;I spent three weeks relaxing on the beaches&quot; into Spanish using the verb pasar for spent? eg.pasaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12374" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T16:39:41.620" Title="How to translate &quot;I spent three weeks relaxing on the beaches&quot; into Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-04-08T15:11:34.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16383" CreationDate="2016-04-08T12:49:21.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the verb &quot;pasé&quot; is the one used to represent the past tense of &quot;pasar&quot;. In this way, your sentence is translated to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pasé tres semanas relajándome en las playas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="9377" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T12:56:56.060" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T12:56:56.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16383" CreationDate="2016-04-08T14:06:56.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation of &quot;I spent three weeks relaxing on the beaches&quot; would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) pasé tres semanas relajándome en las playas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Yo&quot; is optional since in Spanish you have what's called &quot;Sujeto tácito&quot; where you dont need to put the subject every single time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain &quot;&lt;em&gt;relajándome&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Relajando&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the participle form of &quot;&lt;em&gt;Relajar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Furthermore, we use the &quot;me&quot; at the end to imply something like &quot;(to) myself&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pay attention to the accent marks. &quot;&lt;em&gt;relajándome&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has the stress in the third-to-last syllable. That's why it has an accent mark (for accents, we count the syllables backwards).&#xA;Here's a brief resume of accents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stress in the first (last) syllable:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word ends in &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; or vowel: use an accent&#xA;mark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word doesn't end in &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; or vowel: don't use an accent&#xA;mark &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stress in the second-to-last syllable:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word ends in &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; or vowel: don't use an accent&#xA;mark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word doesn't end in &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; or vowel: use an accent&#xA;mark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stress in the third-to-last or fourth-to-last syllable:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always use an accent mark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12255" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T16:39:41.620" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T16:39:41.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16383" CreationDate="2016-04-08T15:03:51.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm curious. If &lt;em&gt;relaxing&lt;/em&gt; is intended to be used as an adjective, the translation could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasé tres semanas &lt;em&gt;relajantes&lt;/em&gt; en las playas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else, we'll need to introduce an object pronoun when using &lt;em&gt;relaxing&lt;/em&gt; in its continuous form. Here's why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasé tres semanas &lt;em&gt;relajando&lt;/em&gt; en las playas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relaxing what? Hence, we need the object pronoun to refer to the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasé tres semanas &lt;em&gt;relajándome&lt;/em&gt; en las playas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T15:03:51.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16390" CreationDate="2016-04-08T15:33:39.430" Score="3" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I entered this into Google translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the pope eats spuds*; is he a cannibal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el Papa come papas; es que un caníbal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this right, &quot;que&quot;? Should it be, &quot;es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; un caníbal?&quot; o algo distinto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I enter &quot;potatoes&quot; I get &quot;patatas&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T18:52:58.483" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T01:51:48.890" Title="How to translate &quot;is he a cannibal&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16389" CreationDate="2016-04-08T15:47:52.817" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. You have 2 ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Es él un caníbal?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Es un caníbal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second option is preferred because you already know who you're referring to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T17:44:09.880" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T17:44:09.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16389" CreationDate="2016-04-08T19:05:37.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could keep que &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; to introduce a subordinate sentence, but you need a verb for that subordinate sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Papa come papas. ¿Es que un caníbal? (wrong)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Papa come papas; ¿es que (él) &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; un caníbal? (pronoun could go before or after the second &quot;es&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; could be switched for &lt;code&gt;acaso&lt;/code&gt; or &quot;por casualidad&quot;, and then you won't need the verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el Papa come papas. ¿Es &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt; un caníbal? (or &quot;¿&lt;em&gt;Acaso&lt;/em&gt; es un caníbal?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el Papa come papas. ¿Es &lt;em&gt;por casualidad&lt;/em&gt; un caníbal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; can be used a conjunction to introduce subordinate sentences (see apt 2 &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;code&gt;Acaso&lt;/code&gt; works as a conjunction too. In this case you can have only one &quot;es&quot; and this will belong to the subordinate sentence. In the &quot;que&quot; case you need two, one for the subordinate and one for the main sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-09T01:51:48.890" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T01:51:48.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16392" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16394" CreationDate="2016-04-08T20:46:10.167" Score="3" ViewCount="3409" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se le habia pasado la hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the se and  the le here. Se must be indirect since it comes first, or it is reflexive; but I don't recognize this as a reflexive verb. The le seems to refer to la hora, but why indirect? Wouldn't la work just as well? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10979" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T21:08:03.333" LastActivityDate="2020-10-29T04:08:40.853" Title="Use of &quot;se&quot; and &quot;le&quot; together" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16392" CreationDate="2016-04-08T22:18:45.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; can't be &lt;em&gt;la hora&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;em&gt;la hora&lt;/em&gt; is the subject. The sentence doesn't have enough information to determine who &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; refers to, but it could be &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, or something else singular. Whenever you have multiple object pronouns, despite what many textbooks may say, &lt;em&gt;regardless&lt;/em&gt; their function, the order is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;se + 2nd person + 1st person + 3rd person&lt;/strong&gt; (specifically, &lt;em&gt;se, te, os, me, nos, le, les, lo, la, los, las&lt;/em&gt; — not all combinations are possible, obviously). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have the verb &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt;, and you told me that a friend of ours introduced one of us to the other, the sentence actually end up 100% ambiguous: &lt;em&gt;¿no te acuerdas? Juan te me presentó.&lt;/em&gt; it could be you were introduced to me or I was introduced to you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt; has a number of reflexive uses including (from the DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pasar&lt;/strong&gt;   &lt;strong&gt;55.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;prnl.&lt;/em&gt; Acabarse o dejar de ser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically, this isn't reflexive in the sense that there's no action being performed back on the subject, but this usage is call pronominal, that is, it requires —always— a reflexive object, despite not being reflexive in meaning. In any case, we get &lt;em&gt;pasarse&lt;/em&gt; meaning to end or conclude, and &lt;em&gt;la hora&lt;/em&gt; as the subject, with &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; being done unspecified person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this sentence means, basically, &lt;em&gt;time hasn't run out on him&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T22:18:45.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16392" CreationDate="2016-04-08T23:29:10.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; defines &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt; in the definition #56 and #58 as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;56&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Prnl. Olvidarse o borrarse de la memoria algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Prnl. Dicho de algunas cosas: Perderse la ocasión o el tiempo de que logren su actividad en el efecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prnl. means here &quot;pronominal&quot;, which means the verb takes a pronoun. Since it's always necessary for the verb to mean what you want to mean and it changes the meaning of the verb, the pronoun &quot;se&quot; is called a &lt;em&gt;pronominal verb marker&lt;/em&gt;. Maybe it's easier to see if you just get rid of the &quot;le&quot;: in &lt;em&gt;La hora se pasó&lt;/em&gt; (You/we missed the [right] time), it is clear that &quot;la hora&quot; is the Subject and &quot;se&quot; is a reflexive pronoun. This pronoun is common with verbs of movement, and actually in &lt;em&gt;La hora se pasó&lt;/em&gt; there is a metaphorical movement: you can almost picture a time (as in an opportunity) passing by without you seizing it. Now add an IO to specify who the right time passed by for and you'll see the corresponding pronoun for that IO should be &lt;em&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;me/te/nos/os&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. 56 means &quot;to forget, to slip out of someone's mind&quot;. No. 58 means &quot;said of some things, to miss an occasion or the right time for them to work they way they are supposed to&quot;. Both kind of match your sentence but aren't perfect fits. Since &quot;pasar(se)&quot; is a verb with about 70 definitions, your sentence is irremediably ambiguous without context. The interpretations I find more likely are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To be late, or to lose track of time: &quot;Me puse a leer y se me pasó la hora de la cita&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To be old: &quot;Se cree atractivo pero se le ha pasado la hora&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To miss a chance: &quot;Se le pasó la hora de apuntarse al concurso y ahora ya no puede participar&quot;.&#xA;  To run out of time: &quot;Me puse a hacer el examen y antes de que pudiera terminar ya se me había pasado la hora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So he/she either wasn't late, wasn't old, didn't run out of time or didn't miss a chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T23:29:10.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16417" CreationDate="2016-04-08T23:55:39.210" Score="8" ViewCount="24558" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya sé que una pelota es de béisbol y un balón es de baloncesto. ¿Qué palabra es para vóleibol, fútbol, tenis, y los otros deportes? ¿Y por qué? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T21:49:04.513" LastActivityDate="2019-08-20T14:33:18.320" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre un balón y una pelota?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16397" CreationDate="2016-04-09T01:03:31.827" Score="1" ViewCount="1379" Body="&lt;p&gt;La realidad es que la frase &quot;lavar dinero&quot; es un poco común pero también un poco vulgar. Me gustaría saber como se puede referir a este tema de una manera mas formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9285" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T13:34:46.977" Title="Como decir &quot;lavado de dinero&quot; de mejor manera o mas formal?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16396" CreationDate="2016-04-09T04:23:06.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE no parece tener mucho inconveniente con decir &lt;em&gt;lavado de dinero&lt;/em&gt;, ya que en su &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N0aL8fN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrada para esa palabra&lt;/a&gt; tiene como ejemplo de la segunda acepción esa expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Acción y efecto de lavar. &lt;em&gt;Lavado de ropa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Lavado de dinero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N18qWGb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lavar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; remite efectivamente a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5f6fTFj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;blanquear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. blanquear (‖ ajustar a la legalidad fiscal el dinero negro).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuché la expresión &quot;lavado de activos&quot;, que tal vez suene algo mejor, aunque supongo que lo que no suena bien es &lt;em&gt;lavado&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;dinero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T04:23:06.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16398" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-09T05:37:52.713" Score="1" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acaso Dios es el acaso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It came from this article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://luvina.com.mx/foros/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=398&amp;amp;Itemid=45&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://luvina.com.mx/foros/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=398&amp;amp;Itemid=45&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It Is God harassment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm pretty sure that's not it. I think it's more something along of lines of: &quot;Is it that God is chance&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what I want to understand is what &quot;el acaso&quot; is. Is it &quot;the chance&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12021" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-04-09T16:35:07.667" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:27:24.030" Title="What does &quot;Acaso Dios es el acaso&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16396" CreationDate="2016-04-09T14:40:29.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quieres sonar más elegante puedes decir &lt;strong&gt;blanqueo de capitales&lt;/strong&gt;. Al menos ése es el término judicial para tal actividad en Chile. También se dice &lt;strong&gt;blanqueo de activos&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque probablemente haya alguna diferencia técnica entre uno y otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-10T00:52:57.757" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T00:52:57.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16395" CreationDate="2016-04-09T16:07:31.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es algo exacto, pero es más bien por el tamaño (al menos en España). Se dice pelota de golf, pelota de tenis, pelota de ping pong, pero sin embargo es balón de fútbol, balón de baloncesto, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8613" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T16:07:31.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16420" CreationDate="2016-04-09T17:27:45.793" Score="2" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;The scenario: I've been in the same city as my girlfriend for a grand total of three weeks in the last three years.  Most of the time apart we can't even call or text but have to use email.  Other people then tell me that their long distance relationships are hard because they have to be away for a month or two with more communication privileges than me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuando escucho a tales personas, _________ .&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can I say here to express how ridiculous and petty their long distance struggles are compared to mine?  I'm looking for something in the form of &quot;me da _____&quot; or &quot;siento con ______&quot; for example.  Bonus points if the answer is/involves an expression used in the Córdoba, Argentina area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9501" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T17:00:53.967" Title="What can I say to show that I'm skeptical and haughty?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-09T22:21:25.330" Score="1" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginad la situación siguiente: estás hablando con una persona mayor y quieres hacer una frase impersonal del tipo hipotético. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como si comes un plato de lentejas y luego te pones a saltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese momento estás utilizando los verbos &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; en segunda persona del singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto: si esa persona con la que hablas es lo suficiente mayor como para hablarle de usted, ¿deberían hacerse estas construcciones hipotéticas usando la expresión en términos de usted? Es decir, ¿debería cambiar la frase anterior por la siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como si &lt;em&gt;come&lt;/em&gt; un plato de lentejas y luego &lt;em&gt;se pone&lt;/em&gt; a saltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T16:16:45.453" Title="¿Qué forma verbal usamos cuando imaginamos situaciones ante personas a las que hablamos de usted?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16402" CreationDate="2016-04-09T23:37:35.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, netamente por el un tema de respeto para que no se pase a &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt;. Básicamente estás omitiendo el usted en cada cláusula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como si (&lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;) coma un plato de lentejas y luego se ponga a saltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque esto lo he visto más escrito con el imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como si (&lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;comiera/comiese&lt;/strong&gt; un plato de lentejas y luego se &lt;strong&gt;pusiera/pusiese&lt;/strong&gt; a saltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-10T14:09:13.670" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T14:09:13.670" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16396" CreationDate="2016-04-10T03:07:08.833" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;lavado de capitales, lavado de activos, blanqueo de capitales u operaciones con recursos de procedencia ilícita o legitimación de capitales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12381" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-10T16:57:23.270" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T16:57:23.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16402" CreationDate="2016-04-10T09:06:49.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es como si comes un plato de lentejas y luego te pones a saltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede decir: &lt;em&gt;es como si comiese lentejas y luego se pusiera a saltar&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;es como si comiera lentejas y se pusiera a saltar&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;es como si usted comiera lentejas y se pusiera a saltar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad hay muchísimas formas en las que se puede construir esta oración, pero básicamente tu ejemplo, aunque gramáticamente correcto, suena un tanto &quot;forzado.&quot; Quizá añadirle el pronombre &quot;usted&quot; hace que la oración fluya con más sintonía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12383" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-10T16:16:45.453" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T16:16:45.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16398" CreationDate="2016-04-10T12:42:36.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to preserve the repetition in Spanish into English I think 'Perchance God is chance' is your best bet. Note however that perchance is an archaic word only familiar in the quote 'to sleep, perchance to dream'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T12:42:36.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16411" CreationDate="2016-04-10T15:58:19.380" Score="6" ViewCount="1405" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to translate &quot;Good for you&quot; into Spanish? The literal translation would be &quot;Buen para ti&quot; but it does not sound correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="12361" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T01:43:18.857" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T01:43:18.857" Title="Translate &quot;Good for you&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-04-10T16:07:01.217" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bien por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bien por ti&quot; is almost always used sarcastically. How sarcastic it sounds depends mostly on your tone. For example, I would use &quot;Bien por ti&quot; to congratulate someone if I'm talking to them but I would never write it because it would most likely be misunderstood. If you don't want to sound sarcastic, a safer option would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can substitute that &quot;ti&quot; with &quot;ustedes/vosotros&quot; to make it plural. As pointed out by Marco in the comments, you may also encounter the less common version &quot;Bien por vos&quot; in dialects with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, such as Rioplatense Spanish (Argentina and Uruguay), Eastern Bolivia, and Paraguayan Spanish, according to the Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T16:16:04.870" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T16:16:04.870" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16414" CreationDate="2016-04-10T20:06:27.517" Score="4" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was doing duolingo lessons, when I stumbled onto this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él la seguía a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I translated it correctly (according to Duolingo): &lt;code&gt;He was following her&lt;/code&gt;. But I am still confused with the structure of this sentence. Could it be simplified to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él seguía a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él la seguía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a ella&lt;/code&gt; mean the same thing in this sentence, and in some way redundant when we use both of them? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="78" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T08:19:47.513" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T08:19:47.513" Title="Usage of pronoun la/lo" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16412" CreationDate="2016-04-10T20:33:23.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The object pronoun &lt;em&gt;her&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we say &lt;em&gt;he was following her&lt;/em&gt;, this is actually &lt;em&gt;él &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; estaba siguiendo.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;was/were&lt;/em&gt; + -ing form is &lt;em&gt;past continuous.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying &lt;em&gt;él la estaba siguiendo &lt;strong&gt;a ella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is redundant, because the object pronoun &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; tells us who we're referring to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T20:33:23.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16412" CreationDate="2016-04-10T22:29:41.167" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él seguía a ella. ✖️&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the direct complement is a personal pronoun, like &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, you must put the redundant &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; before the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él la seguía a ella. ✔️&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the complement is not a personal pronoun, you don't need the &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él seguía a María. ✔️&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also omit the complement as you guessed, but that changes the emphasis of the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él la seguía. ✔️&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is explained in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot;&gt;RAE article&lt;/a&gt; about object pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5.1.&lt;/strong&gt; Si el complemento tónico es también un pronombre personal, la coaparición del pronombre átono es obligatoria, tanto si el complemento es directo como indirecto: &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;A ti te dieron el premio&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;Castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;A ti dieron el premio&lt;/em&gt;). Aunque son posibles, en estos casos, oraciones idénticas sin el complemento tónico (&lt;em&gt;Me castigaron&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Te dieron el premio&lt;/em&gt;), existen diferencias expresivas de importancia entre ambas posibilidades: la presencia del complemento tónico denota un propósito de contraste o discriminación, ausente de la oración en la que solo aparece el pronombre átono; así, en &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;, frente a &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron&lt;/em&gt;, se subraya el hecho de que ha sido solo a mí, y no a otros igualmente merecedores de ello o más culpables que yo, a quien se ha castigado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T22:29:41.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16416" CreationDate="2016-04-10T23:21:54.333" Score="4" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para hacer una receta necesito escribir las ingredientes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un ingrediente son &lt;strong&gt;3/4ths&lt;/strong&gt; cup of white rice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Comó traducir las fracciones en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T00:43:38.020" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T13:54:16.653" Title="Translating Fractions" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16415" CreationDate="2016-04-11T00:41:44.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las fracciones se traducen de acuerdo al uso de los números ordinales. Para 1/2 decimos &lt;em&gt;un medio&lt;/em&gt;, 1/3 = un tercio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usamos el entero (excepto con el número 1, que se dice &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt;) en el numerador y &lt;em&gt;medio&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tercio&lt;/em&gt; en el denominador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si deseamos avanzar desde el 4 en adelante, como 3/4, usamos el número &lt;em&gt;ordinal&lt;/em&gt; en el denominador, esto es &lt;em&gt;1/4 = un cuarto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto implica entonces que 3/4 corresponden a &lt;em&gt;tres cuartos.&lt;/em&gt; Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;agregue 3/4 de una taza de arroz = agregue &lt;strong&gt;tres cuartos&lt;/strong&gt; de una taza de arroz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T13:54:16.653" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T13:54:16.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16395" CreationDate="2016-04-11T01:22:48.950" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia consiste en que un balón es aquel que se puede inflar, es decir, que tiene una válvula a través de la cual es posible inflarlo, por ejemplo, el balón utilizado en fútbol, basketball, volleyball, futbol americano, etc. Por otro lado, una pelota no se puede inflar, ya tiene un tamaño y forma predefinidas, tal es el caso de las pelotas de golf, tenis, cricket, ping pong, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T01:22:48.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2016-04-11T02:17:57.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy costarricense, he viajado a varios países de Latinoamérica, conozco gente de Argentina, Brasil, Guatemala, Perú, Colombia y casi de todo el resto de países latinos y te aseguro que incluso en Brasil, que lo que hablan es portugués, te entenderían al decir &lt;strong&gt;calzado deportivo&lt;/strong&gt;.  Ya es una cosa muy aislada –la cual nunca he visto– que algún latino no entienda eso. Es casi inherente de cualquier persona que hable castellano entender ese término. Que se usen otros términos es totalmente cierto pero, si logras encontrar algo mas estándar que &lt;strong&gt;calzado deportivo&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces me cuentas porque para mí sería un gran descubrimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Costa Rica también tendemos a decirle &lt;em&gt;tenis&lt;/em&gt; a todo lo que sea estilo deportivo. Por ejemplo, si entras a una tienda skate se sobreentiende que vas buscando unas CIRCA , DVS, DC, GLOBE, ES, VESTAL y etc. etc. Si entras a una tienda de deporte al aire libre se sobreentiende que andas buscando unas TIMBERLAND , MERREL, HI-TECH, COLUMBIA y etc. etc. Si entras a una tienda de deporte estilo atletismo, a las cuales acá las llamamos &lt;em&gt;tiendas deportivas&lt;/em&gt;, se sobreentiende que buscas unas NIKE, REBOOK, FILA, PUMA, UMBRO, etc. Ahora, si entras a una tienda que no parece ser de un solo concepto sino que venden de todo, al decirle al vendedor que buscas calzado deportivo el vendedor entiende inmediatamente que buscas zapatos para salir a correr, a caminar, para practicar fútbol sala, basketball, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único muy de nosotros es que a los zapatos que usan los futbolistas como del Real Madrid y el Arsenal y demás futbolistas profesionales siempre y siempre les llamamos &lt;em&gt;tacos&lt;/em&gt;, por lo de los taquillos que tienen por debajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T10:32:26.680" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T10:32:26.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16401" CreationDate="2016-04-11T16:17:28.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A typical expression is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando escucho a tales personas siento que &lt;strong&gt;se quejan de llenos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means they are unhappy with their situation even though it's much better than that experienced by others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T16:17:28.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-04-11T16:57:43.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I can see you are trying to translate &quot;Good for you&quot; from a non sarcastic perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literal translation will be: &quot;Bien por ti&quot; but you will hardly hear someone say something like that. Even &quot;Me alegro por ti&quot; does not apply to the common language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will probably hear something like: &quot;¡Qué bueno!&quot; or &quot;¡Qué bien!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases &quot;you&quot; is implied in the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T19:11:30.467" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T19:11:30.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16401" CreationDate="2016-04-11T17:00:53.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are probably looking for something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&quot;Cuando escucho a tales personas, me da risa .&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;When I hear people say something like that, it makes me laugh&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T17:00:53.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16424" CreationDate="2016-04-11T19:34:52.567" Score="1" ViewCount="1419" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tomando en cuenta que uso &lt;code&gt;lista&lt;/code&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Enumeración, generalmente en forma de columna, de personas, cosas, cantidades, etc., que se hace con determinado propósito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo me vienen dos posibles opciones a la mente: listica o listita, ¿cuál sería la correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="727" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T01:30:04.270" Title="¿Cuál sería el diminutivo de lista?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16423" CreationDate="2016-04-11T21:39:02.757" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es que no hay una sola forma diminutiva, ni tampoco hay reglas precisamente estrictas para su formación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la Nueva Gramática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.6b&lt;/strong&gt; Las restricciones léxicas relativas a la posibilidad de formar diminutivos con sustantivos son escasas, sobre todo si el diminutivo designa un objeto material.  Los diccionarios no recogen estas voces, ya que se pueden obtener mediante procedimientos combinatorios regulares. […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, si encuentras alguna palabra en forma de diminutivo en el diccionario, es porque también ha adquirido un significado diferente del que sería simplemente «&lt;em&gt;base&lt;/em&gt; pequeño&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos diminutivos que se pueden emplear según §§ 9.1b, j-l de la Nueva Gramática que darían, en el caso de &lt;em&gt;lista&lt;/em&gt; las siguientes formas (teniendo en cuenta también que, siendo palabra bisilábica —véase §§ 9.5c-d de la Nueva Gramática—, hay tendencia en algunas zonas de usar el infijo &lt;em&gt;-ec/ez-&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;strong&gt;listita, listilla, listuela, listica, listiquia, listitica, listuca, listina, listiña, listeta, listeja, listinga&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;listecita, listecilla, listezuela, listecica, listeciquia, listecitica, listezuca, listecina, listeciña, listeceta, listeceja, listecinga&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas son formas perfectamente posibles y válidas, aunque algunas quizás disfrutarían de poquísimo uso, y algunas pueden ser favorecidas por uno u otro significado de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T22:41:46.440" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T22:41:46.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-04-11T22:19:25.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Good for you&amp;quot; can also be said in the sense that something is good for your(self):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comer fruta es bueno para ti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very usually said in Spain omitting &lt;strong&gt;para ti&lt;/strong&gt; itself and leaving it to the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comer fruta es bueno (para ti / para mí / para vosotros / para todos ... )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomar drogas es malo (para ti / ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1669" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T19:11:07.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16423" CreationDate="2016-04-12T01:30:04.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ninguno de los sufijos me parece realmente satisfactorio si buscamos un diminutivo cuyo uso no se restrinja a una región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sugeriría hablar de una &lt;em&gt;pequeña lista&lt;/em&gt; de cosas / personas / cantidades, o -si queremos formar una palabra compuesta- de una &lt;em&gt;mini-lista&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8427" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T01:30:04.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-12T02:01:27.343" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on a translation and I am unsure of how to do so for this phrase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la Reforma de la Educación de Adultos (EDA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it is the name of this specific reform, should I leave it be? Also, in terms of the acronym how do I translate that if I have to? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12182" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T07:54:56.897" Title="Translating a Reform Name" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16334" CreationDate="2016-04-12T02:54:00.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very simple, &#xA;One of the best ways to measure how much a person understands the spanish lenguage is by  how natural he sounds, you may know all of the grammar, all the structures, all the verb tenses and the like but, if you don't sound natural, any native speaker will soon know that you are not able to have a fluent conversation , my tip is &quot;anytime you ask about a specific use between two words or sentences , just ask what the natural way to say it is&quot; in this case , the natural one we always hear in our countries is  ME GUSTA MUCHO VIAJAR EN BARCO , LO UNICO MALO ES QUE NO ES MUY SEGURO.. it is super natural in any spanish speaking country.&#xA;Bye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T02:54:00.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16430" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16431" CreationDate="2016-04-12T07:24:51.873" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the difference between the words &quot;&lt;em&gt;sima&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;cueva&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just a formal way to say it? Are they synonymous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12398" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T08:16:45.367" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T08:16:45.367" Title="Difference between &quot;sima&quot; and &quot;cueva&quot;?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16430" CreationDate="2016-04-12T07:51:02.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cueva&lt;/em&gt; has a wider meaning; a &lt;em&gt;cueva&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;sima&lt;/em&gt; only when it is vertically deep. You can fall into a &lt;em&gt;sima&lt;/em&gt;. If you want, a &lt;em&gt;sima&lt;/em&gt; is a combination of cave and abyss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T07:51:02.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16428" CreationDate="2016-04-12T07:54:56.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A usual way to write this in newspapers is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la Reforma de la Educación de Adultos (por sus siglas en [el idioma que sea], EDA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/abe-o-eba-124/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a recommendation&lt;/a&gt; that can be applied here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T07:54:56.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16331" CreationDate="2016-04-12T11:59:27.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;my tip is &quot; always ask a native speaker what the natural way to say is &quot; in this case the super natural one  we always use without thinking about it is &quot;Yo llegue al aeropuerto y ellos estaban hablando de sus cosas personales&quot; we use &quot; they had spoken for hours &quot; with a  time marker just when we want to give emphasis to sething else that occured during that conversation e.g. they had spoken for hours , that is why they had drank so much tea..in writing is always good to use variety bit, in speaking we have a very specific way to say things, if you use a different way than we usually use you will not sound wrong but, you really will learn unnatural..&#xA;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T11:59:27.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16292" CreationDate="2016-04-12T13:28:46.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounding natural is the key to a real high level in any lenguage, as spanish speaker I can tell you that most of the spanish  lenguage is used the same way in all spanish speaking countries, we have different idioms , sayings, slang ect ect but, the main content of the lenguage is basically the same. I ignore if this happens in English too. This is the natural way to say it in spanish :  when you are asking for a favor , you can always say &quot; 1  ME PREGUNTO SI PODRIAS HACER ESO POR MI&quot;, 2 ME PREGUNTO SI PODRIAS AYUDARME CON MI TAREA.. WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO INVITE SOMEONE to do something for fun , we always say= ME PREGUNTO SI QUISIERAS IR CONMIGO AL CINE, 4 ME PREGUNTO QUE TE GUSTARIA HACER HOY..  your sentence I WONDER IF YOU WOULD DO THAT is perfectly correct, but we normally use it in a more intense way e.g. I would die for you.. I wonder if you would do the same for me ..  yo moriria por ti, me pregunto si harias lo mismo por mi.. if you use these ways, you will sound like a native speaker..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T14:01:04.213" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T14:01:04.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16292" CreationDate="2016-04-12T13:38:16.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing is that we have a different modal verb for many expressions , you can look this up and be confident at the time of speaking, &quot; many and just many of the times you guys use WOULD in English, we use COULD in spanish.. check it out on the internet and when you have already mastered, you will sound super natural..&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T13:38:16.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12555" CreationDate="2016-04-12T16:35:34.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you could use &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; (or &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;) to the same extent you would use &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@alfdc80's answer, albeit correct-ish, overly emphasizes the possibility of using the passive reflective &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; to turn the verb into an impersonal construct. Many times this creates an unnecessary detachment between the speaker and their audience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to connect with your audience or whomever you are speaking with, be sure that you can (and are encouraged to) use personal forms in Spanish. If you are talking about abstractions, then go for it and use the passive reflective &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more practical example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A friend is going to London and a week and asks advice on what to do. You answer that &lt;em&gt;podrías visitar el Parlamento&lt;/em&gt;. (You want to omit the subject every single time that it can be inferred by the termination of the verb and/or the context.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are having a discussion at work about whether or not certain landmarks in London can be visited. You say that &lt;em&gt;se puede visitar el Parlamento&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11275" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T16:35:34.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16437" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16443" CreationDate="2016-04-12T21:06:57.410" Score="7" ViewCount="15869" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2450/1674&quot;&gt;¿Qué significa “salir del paso?”&lt;/a&gt; y vi como la gente mencionaba la palabra &lt;em&gt;workaround/work around&lt;/em&gt; en alguna de sus respuestas, pero que otros negaban su equivalencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se podría traducir la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;work around&lt;/em&gt;? Me refiero fundamentalmente a la situación en informática en la que se resuelve un tema con un método temporal pero efectivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Qué hiciste con ese bug que tenía el programa, que impedía cargar las variables?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-De momento utilicé como &lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt; un fichero oculto que contiene las variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí sólo se me ocurre algo así como &lt;em&gt;solución temporal&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &lt;em&gt;chapucilla&lt;/em&gt;, si bien esta última tiene una connotación demasiado negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-09-28T11:28:54.257" Title="¿Cómo puede traducirse &quot;workaround&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12555" CreationDate="2016-04-12T21:07:23.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is perhaps worth saying that English does have an impersonal form. We can say 'one can visit'. In fact whenever this seems a reasonable alternative to 'you can visit' then the Spanish 'se puede visitar' seems natural. If not then some form with tu or Usted seems more likely. Note to native Spanish speakers seeking to improve their English: the use of impersonal one is quite old fashioned and unless you are sure it is idiomatic it is best avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T21:07:23.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16437" CreationDate="2016-04-12T21:36:15.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que vas en la dirección adecuada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Añadiría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apaño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a tu lista. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La respuesta de Rodrigo en los comentarios a tu pregunta, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RYJfZWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;paliativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, es problemática por sus connotaciones médicas. Ahora bien, la definición de &lt;em&gt;paliativo&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE nos acaba remitiendo a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;remedio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que, al contrario de lo que comentan otras respuestas, podríamos considerar otra buena alternativa. Recordemos que &lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt; denota que es una solución indirecta o poco ortodoxa, pero no necesariamente temporal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no funciona en este caso, porque ya es la traducción directa y comúnmente usada de &lt;em&gt;patch&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;patch&lt;/em&gt; no es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11275" LastEditorUserId="11275" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T05:50:24.497" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T05:50:24.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16453" CreationDate="2016-04-13T03:38:56.640" Score="2" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Por favor, perdona - y/o corrija - mi &quot;Google Translate&quot; español.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto Duolingo como Google Translate traducen la frase &quot;¡No eres capaz!&quot; como &quot;You are not capable!&quot; Esto es razonable, pero nunca lo utilizaría en el lenguaje cotidiano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, en inglés &quot;can't&quot; significa tanto &lt;em&gt;incapacidad&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;falta de habilidad&lt;/em&gt;, mientras en español &quot;no poder&quot; significa el primero pero &quot;no capaz&quot; significa el último.  ¿&quot;No you can't!&quot; está bien, o debería yo atenerme estrictamente a &quot;not capable&quot; por &quot;no capaz&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12040" LastEditorUserId="12040" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T13:14:35.337" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T19:24:30.070" Title="El uso de &quot;can't&quot; para traducción de &quot;no capaz&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16437" CreationDate="2016-04-13T09:18:18.903" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Workaround&lt;/em&gt; indica una &lt;strong&gt;solución temporal&lt;/strong&gt; que se adopta ante la imposibilidad de aplicar la solución estándar u obvia. Se trata de &quot;salir del paso&quot; hasta que llegue el momento de la solución definitiva. (Al menos esa es la acepción en el sector de la informática)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apaño, parche, remiendo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;chapuza&lt;/strong&gt; mantienen el sentido original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en mi opinión las siguientes palabras no lo respetan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paliativo&lt;/strong&gt; no tiene el sentido de &lt;em&gt;solución&lt;/em&gt;, dado que actúa sobre los síntomas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remedio&lt;/strong&gt; pierde el matiz &lt;em&gt;temporal&lt;/em&gt; ya que puede ser definitivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T10:46:03.287" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T10:46:03.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-13T12:37:23.383" Score="3" ViewCount="27635" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según RAE, &lt;em&gt;seta&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cualquier especie de hongo, comestible o no, con forma de sombrilla, sostenida por un pedicelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;em&gt;champiñón&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nombre común a varias especies de hongos agaricáceos, algunos de los cuales son comestibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de que &lt;em&gt;champiñón&lt;/em&gt; es un nombre común, ¿hay otra diferencia? ¿Una palabra es más especifica que la otra? ¿Hay preferencias regionales entre las palabras? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T23:37:36.227" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre «champiñón» y «seta»?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16396" CreationDate="2016-04-13T13:20:41.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Legitimación de capitales&lt;/strong&gt; es la forma técnica formal que la prensa o diplomático usaría. Solo que muchas veces para mí es muy complicado entender el sentido real y específico de esos tecnicismos. Pienso que la forma más natural es la que todos entendemos: &quot;lavado de dinero&quot;. Yo probablemente nunca diría una diferente a ésa, excepto en un entorno muy pero muy formal.&#xA;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T13:34:46.977" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T13:34:46.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16450" CreationDate="2016-04-13T13:42:15.010" Score="0" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nieto&quot; is a grandson (and &quot;Nieta&quot; presumably a granddaughter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bisnieto&quot; is a great-grandson (and &quot;bisnieta&quot; no doubt a great-granddaughter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bis&quot; means &quot;encore&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is a grandchild an &quot;encore&quot; grandchild?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think of an &quot;encore&quot; that a musical band may perform as a sort of a &quot;bonus&quot; set (one ore more &quot;extra&quot; songs to finish a concert, if all has gone well, or to reward an appreciative audience).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the sense of &quot;bisnieto&quot; that, although one may expect to have children and grandchildren - nothing too unusual in that - to have great-grandchildren is something of a &quot;bonus&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T14:26:49.103" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:26:49.103" Title="Is a great-grandchild an &quot;encore&quot; descendent?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16442" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:56:01.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí la relación sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ser capaz - to be able / to not be able to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;poder - can / cannot (tanto con el sentido de &quot;permiso&quot; como con el sentido de &quot;tener capacidad / habilidad para&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:56:01.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16292" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:59:36.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about conditional + subjunctive as conditionals in english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you, I would spend all my money!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo fuera tú (subjunctive), ¡¡me gastaría todo el dinero!! (conditional)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive depicts some unreal, hypothetical case; the conditional completes the subjunctive clause extending and completing the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realize that in the previous sentence the conditional (&quot;me gastaría todo el dinero&quot;) does not make sense by itself but when it is enclosed together with the subjunctive, completing the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8772" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:59:36.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16446" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:04:52.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bis, bi&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;twice&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;bisnieto&lt;/em&gt; means, roughly, &lt;em&gt;twice the grandchild&lt;/em&gt;. I don't think &lt;em&gt;bisnieto&lt;/em&gt; has the meaning of a bonus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/bisnieto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Definiciona&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este vocablo en su etimología esta compuesto del prefijo latino “bi” dos y del latín popular “nepta”, a su vez del latín “neptis” que quiere decir nieto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12212" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T15:04:52.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16446" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:05:17.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bis comes from the Latin meaning twice. So in some countries you shout it to get what in the UK you would shout encore for. So it is twice a grand child not an encore grand child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T15:05:17.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16444" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:53:00.427" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estríctamente hablando una &lt;strong&gt;seta&lt;/strong&gt; es el cuerpo fructífero que desarrollan algunas especies de hongos durante una etapa de su ciclo reproductivo, mientras que el &lt;strong&gt;champiñón&lt;/strong&gt; es una &lt;em&gt;variedad de seta&lt;/em&gt;, la que desarrolla el hongo comestible &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaricus_bisporus&quot;&gt;Agaricus bisporus&lt;/a&gt; y otros muy similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica ambas palabras se confunden en el habla común, y eso va a depender por supuesto de la variedad de español que se hable y de si estás en un restaurante, un mercado o una facultad de agronomía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La situación en &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; es la siguiente: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Setas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no se usa. En su lugar decimos &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hongos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; para referirnos a todas las setas. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Champiñones&lt;/em&gt;&quot; son las setas comestibles con forma de globo o con sombrerito (incluidos por ejemplo el muchardón y el mízcalo). &quot;&lt;em&gt;Callampas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; son las demás setas comestibles, con formas más caprichosas, como la morcheta, el digüeñe o el changle (que son unas especies muy consumidas acá).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T16:01:14.513" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T16:01:14.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16442" CreationDate="2016-04-13T19:24:30.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;capable&lt;/em&gt; es un adjetivo. Comparar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No eres capaz. (Nos dirigimos a la persona mostrando que su cualidad para ejecutar una acción, no es posible.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No puedes hacerlo. (Mostramos que la persona no posee la &lt;em&gt;habilidad&lt;/em&gt; de ejecutar una acción.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo depende en un tema de contexto, pues decir &lt;em&gt;no puedes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no eres capaz&lt;/em&gt;, no son iguales pero la segunda alude más a denotar una cualidad de la persona que no posee, la primera se refiere a la &lt;em&gt;acción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T19:24:30.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16455" CreationDate="2016-04-14T00:27:21.607" Score="0" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo se traducir las oraciones de ingles que tienen verbos que son usado como un adjectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poe ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do not touch a smiling cow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Spanish speaking population is increasing in the United States &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="12361" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T03:31:08.537" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T09:11:42.977" Title="Translating into participle adjectives" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16454" CreationDate="2016-04-14T04:39:56.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes dos opciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tradicional, pero hoy rara con algunos verbos, es usar el antiguo participio activo, formado con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ante&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-(i)ente&lt;/em&gt; (sobre la misma raíz que tiene el participio presente). No es siempre predecible si lleva &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; o no. En tus ejemplos, esta forma suena más natural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una vaca sonriente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la población hispanohablante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra, más frecuente en el español moderno si no hay un adjetivo frecuentemente usado, es usar una cláusula subordinada con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una vaca que sonríe&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la población que habla español &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T09:11:42.977" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T09:11:42.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16457" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-14T16:02:27.620" Score="2" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;María había venido a visitar a su amigo poco después de que él estuviera en casa de sus abuelos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué se utiliza el subjuntivo ya que no se trata de una acción hipotética o futura sino todo lo contrario: es una acción que se ha realizado y que tiene un carácter factual &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunté a mi profe y él me escibió: &#xA;„las formas en -ARA/-IERA, además de, junto -IERA/-IESE imperfecto de subjuntivo, son también formas arcaicas de PLUSCUAMPERFECTO DE INDICATIVO. Es este caso.“&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora no entiendo nada: entonces ¿en el ejemplo de arriba es un caso de subjuntivo o es una forma arcaica del verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; en el pluscuamperfecto de indicativo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchísimas gracias a todos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12408" LastEditorUserId="12408" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T05:18:32.077" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T11:39:21.490" Title="Imperfecto de subjuntivo (sentido indicativo - formas arcaicas)" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16457" CreationDate="2016-04-15T06:13:59.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo de Wikipedia sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;modo subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt; da una explicación un tanto más sólida (el énfasis en negrita es de un servidor):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En gramática tradicional se dice que es el modo de la oración adjunta cuya acción, mediante el contenido de la oración principal o el tipo de nexo con ella, toma el carácter subjetivo de posible, probable, hipotética, creída, deseada, temida o necesaria. Sin embargo, el subjuntivo aparece igualmente marcando hechos que son perfectamente objetivos, reales y constatados (Me alegra que estés aquí), así como el indicativo lo hace en cualquiera de los contextos que la tradición adjudica al modo subjuntivo, como la posibilidad (Posiblemente ya lo sabe), la probabilidad (Probablemente estará durmiendo), la hipótesis (Si llueve, no voy), la creencia (No creo que estén durmiendo), el deseo (Tú te comes eso ahora mismo), el temor (Lo que me da miedo es que tiene una pistola), o la necesidad (Tienes que comerte eso). &lt;strong&gt;El subjuntivo es mejor caracterizado como la suspensión de la modalidad declarativa que expresa el indicativo sobre el hecho que marca, esto es, como el modo de la no-declaración.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros términos, resulta más apropiado entender el subjuntivo como el modo verbal personal que utilizamos en proposiciones subordinadas sustantivas o adverbiales, en la medida en que estén introducidas por una conjunción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuidado, el subjuntivo no funciona en proposiciones subordinadas adjetivas o adverbiales de relativo. El arcaísmo al que se refiere tu profesor es al que se refiere &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3213/por-qu%C3%A9-se-usa-el-subjuntivo-en-esta-frase?rq=1&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, y que cita a &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Imperfecto%20subjuntivo%20literario.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt;, que dice, entre otras cosas, lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el Libro de Estilo de ABC encontramos lo siguiente: Subjuntivo por indicativo: Evítese el extendido empleo del imperfecto de subjuntivo (cantara) como equivalente del indicativo (había cantado, cantó) en oraciones introducidas por un relativo. Escribir &quot;La sesión, que comenzara a las cuatro de la tarde, se prolongó hasta la madrugada&quot; es un arcaísmo pedante, ajeno al buen uso del castellano moderno. Lo correcto será: &quot;La sesión, que había comenzado...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma fuente cita el &quot;Manual del español urgente&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se trata de una pedantería ajena al buen empleo del español moderno (o de un influjo gallego o asturiano). Cantara tuvo ese valor de pluscuamperfecto de indicativo, heredado del latín en la Edad Media, pero lo fue perdiendo, y adquiriendo el de imperfecto de subjuntivo hasta que confundió sus usos con los de cantase. Fueron los poetas románticos quines, para &quot;medievalizar&quot; su estilo, resucitaron el antiguo valor ya olvidado de cantara, y desde entonces se ha mantenido en la literatura. Pero debe estar ausente del lenguaje periodístico, donde ha penetrado por las citadas causas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, podríamos destacar que no es el único caso de forma verbal que nominalmente denota un tiempo verbal pero por contexto funciona como un tiempo verbal diferente: el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presente_hist%C3%B3rico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presente histórico&lt;/a&gt; sería el ejemplo clásico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11275" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T06:26:58.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16457" CreationDate="2016-04-15T11:39:21.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Empezaré por el final: lo que tu profesor te dijo tiene un pequeño error (tal vez de copia), pero la idea general es correcta. La forma en -ara/-iera, que actualmente consideramos pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo, originalmente era el pretérito pluscuamperfecto. Pero no así la forma en -ase/-iese, que siempre ha sido el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo. En el portugués actual se mantiene ese aspecto original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del subjuntivo en la construcción que mencionas se debe a un motivo doble:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Herencia del antiguo significado pluscuamperfecto de esta forma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mímesis con la construcción en presente o futuro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre esto último, pondré un ejemplo. Si intentaras cambiar el tiempo de la frase, tendrías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María irá a visitar a su amigo poco después de que él esté (haya estado) en casa de sus abuelos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, en este caso necesitas el subjuntivo, pues es una acción que aún no ha sucedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de uso fue uno de los motivos de que la forma -ara/-iera mutase su significado de pluscuamperfecto al actual imperfecto de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes una buena explicación sobre esta evolución y los usos del subjuntivo debidos a ella en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnfoNYdXkKxHUQV,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;apartado 24.2&lt;/a&gt; de la Nueva Gramática Española de la RAE. Esta evolución explica las ligeras diferencias en el uso de ambas formas del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo, aunque a veces se ve la forma -ase/-iese en usos que, teóricamente, solo corresponden a la forma -ara/-iera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T11:39:21.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16463" CreationDate="2016-04-15T21:39:47.133" Score="2" ViewCount="2811" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caminando en dirección al bosque, vi a mi amiga Sylvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andando en dirección al bosque, vi a mi amiga Sylvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yendo en dirección al bosque, vi a mi amiga Sylvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre ellos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T21:41:04.920" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T23:40:09.423" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;andar&quot;, &quot;caminar&quot; e &quot;ir&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16462" CreationDate="2016-04-15T23:40:09.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; al bosque de diferentes maneras: caminando, en bicicleta, en coche. Por supuesto, dependerá del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caminar&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;andar&lt;/strong&gt; denotan el mismo tipo de movimiento: a pie. De acuerdo con el diccionario &lt;strong&gt;caminar&lt;/strong&gt; es preferentemente transitivo (lleva complemento directo) y &lt;strong&gt;andar&lt;/strong&gt; es preferentemente intransitivo (no lleva complemento directo), pero en último término ambos pueden ser transitivos o intransitivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11275" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T23:40:09.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14799" CreationDate="2016-04-15T23:59:56.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;palito&lt;/em&gt; es donde duermen los que no tienen cama, como los pájaros en una jaula. Los bonitos a veces no la pasan bien y se quedan sin cama teniendo que ir al &lt;em&gt;palito&lt;/em&gt; a dormir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12415" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T09:10:51.760" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T09:10:51.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16466" CreationDate="2016-04-16T01:24:52.310" Score="2" ViewCount="2817" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I have heard &amp;quot;es bien&amp;quot; could replace &amp;quot;it's ok&amp;quot; in Spanish. Is this right, or is there another word or phrase used as an &amp;quot;ok&amp;quot; after someone tells another person something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel, quiero ir a la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T20:07:24.590" Title="Translating &quot;ok&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16465" CreationDate="2016-04-16T01:54:27.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;es bien&lt;/em&gt; doesn't actually replace &lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt;, the one which does this is &lt;em&gt;está bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt; could be translated in many ways, these are perfectly idiomatic for any circumstance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De acuerdo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Está bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ningún problema.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me parece.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  OK (worldwide used)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T15:54:01.807" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T15:54:01.807" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16467" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-16T06:43:05.120" Score="3" ViewCount="357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone in Spain corrected me recently when I used the word &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;cola&lt;/em&gt;. But today I heard a Spanish speaker doing the same thing, using &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; to mean line of people. Is this a Latin American thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12418" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T12:42:30.143" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T14:38:44.013" Title="Where is &quot;línea&quot; used in addition to &quot;cola&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-04-16T09:48:59.803" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bien por usted&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; for plural), if its formal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bien por ti&lt;/em&gt; informally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T05:44:29.253" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T05:44:29.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="814" CreationDate="2016-04-16T10:08:01.260" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Miles» es el plural de «mil», del mismo modo que  «millares» es el plural de un «millar». En plural ambos términos son sustantivos &lt;strong&gt;perfectamente sinónimos&lt;/strong&gt; pero en singular «mil» es un número cardinal especial, que puede usarse como adjetivo o como sustantivo, mientras que «millar» solo es un sustantivo, de modo que en singular no siempre son intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ningún hispanohablante usa «miles» o «millares» por  «millones». Si acaso algún charlatán con tendencia a exagerar puede hacer lo contrario: emplear «millones» en lugar de «millares» o «miles», pero no porque desconozca su significado:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He jugado a la lotería millones de veces &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde sí existe cierta  confusión es entre «millardo» (10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;) y «billón» (10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;) por la influencia del inglés americano (billion=10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;) . Como «millardos» es de reciente adopción y uso muy poco común (lo normal actualmente es hablar en «miles de millones» no en «millardos»), supongo que en el futuro podrá existir confusiones entre  «millardos» y «millares» (pero no con «millones»), si el término se populariza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T12:49:29.410" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T12:49:29.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16472" CreationDate="2016-04-16T13:23:50.590" Score="1" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been wondering how to translate &amp;quot;to make money&amp;quot; in speaking and writing in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I know it would be translated like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;The man made 100 dollars last year&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre hizo cien dólares el año pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct? If not what is the correct way to state &amp;quot;to make money&amp;quot; and be sure to give some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T05:42:58.670" Title="Translating &quot;to make money&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16470" CreationDate="2016-04-16T14:13:29.033" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, in Spanish we say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;ganar dinero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; as to &lt;em&gt;earn money&lt;/em&gt;. That is, in a context when you explain someone's profession or activity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She earns a lot of money as a nurse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella gana mucho dinero como enfermera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want to express that someone made some money by doing something punctual, we use verbs like &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sacar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in an informal context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She made 100€ by selling ice creams in the beach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se sacó 100€ vendiendo helados en la playa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T05:42:58.670" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T05:42:58.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16475" CreationDate="2016-04-16T17:24:21.000" Score="4" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read this in a textbook on public speaking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece debe ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;em&gt;usa&lt;/em&gt; las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;usa&quot;, no &quot;una&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tengo razón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos, &quot;usa&quot; aún tiene sentido aquí, ¿no es cierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T11:39:05.827" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T11:39:05.827" Title="Is there a typo in this sentence? &quot;No una las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16474" CreationDate="2016-04-16T18:08:13.143" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SPANISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. &lt;strong&gt;Una&lt;/strong&gt; está bien.  Se refiere al verbo &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;unir&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y quiere decir que &amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;junte&lt;/strong&gt; las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot; aunque esa frase necesita algo más de contexto para entenderse bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;usar&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; la frase debería ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;uses&lt;/strong&gt; (tu) las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot; o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt; (usted) las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. &lt;strong&gt;Una&lt;/strong&gt; is ok.  It is from the verb &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;unir&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and means (join) i.e. &amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;junte&lt;/strong&gt; las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot; however this needs a little more context to be completely clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use the verb &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;usar&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; then the sentence should be like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;uses&lt;/strong&gt; (tu) las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot; o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt; (usted) las palabras de modo que se oscurezca su significado.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T18:08:13.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16492" CreationDate="2016-04-17T04:45:06.257" Score="5" ViewCount="1421" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo acabo de llegar a casa del empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo acabo de llegar a casa del curro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo acabo de llegar a casa del trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa &lt;code&gt;curro&lt;/code&gt;  también en Latinoamérica o es ya es obsoleto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T10:04:18.463" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T23:04:36.563" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;curro&quot;, &quot;trabajo&quot; y &quot;empleo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16483" CreationDate="2016-04-17T10:02:34.273" Score="1" ViewCount="2472" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta la siguiente frase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ejércitos lucharon &lt;strong&gt;en son&lt;/strong&gt; durante tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en son&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11584" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T12:51:11.983" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T12:51:11.983" Title="¿Es correcta la frase &quot;Los ejércitos lucharon en son durante tres meses&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16477" CreationDate="2016-04-17T11:17:51.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es correcto del todo. Alternativas que se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ejércitos lucharon durante tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ejércitos lucharon &lt;strong&gt;en X&lt;/strong&gt; durante tres meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ejércitos lucharon en &lt;strong&gt;son de Y&lt;/strong&gt; durante tres meses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt; es un lugar (ejemplo: &quot;Los ejércitos lucharon en &lt;strong&gt;Madrid&lt;/strong&gt; durante tres meses&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;strong&gt;Y&lt;/strong&gt; es una forma de luchar (ejemplo: &quot;Los ejércitos lucharon en &lt;strong&gt;son de broma&lt;/strong&gt; durante tres meses&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1306" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T11:17:51.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16479" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-17T12:13:31.283" Score="2" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Podríais echarle un vistazo a esta frase por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hizo lo posible porque no lo viera nadie que pudiera compadecerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;porque no lo viera nadie&lt;/strong&gt; – es una oración final ¿verdad?&#xA;(la conjunción &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt; no tiene un valor causal sino final ¿o me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12408" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T16:06:13.230" Title="Ayuda: identificar tipo de oración subordinada" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16479" CreationDate="2016-04-17T13:31:26.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, es una clásula final (aunque la cláusula completa sería &quot;porque no lo viera nadie que pudiera compadecerlo&quot;, ya que &quot;que pudiera compadecerlo&quot; modifica a &quot;nadie&quot; y por tanto es dependiente de este, que es a su vez sujeto de &quot;viera&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=por+que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;porque&quot; puede ser una conjunción final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;porque.&lt;/strong&gt; 1b: También se emplea como conjunción final, seguida de un verbo en subjuntivo, con sentido equivalente a &lt;em&gt;para que: «Hará lo que pueda porque su estancia en Suecia sea feliz»&lt;/em&gt; (Sampedro &lt;em&gt;Congreso&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1952]). En este caso se admite también su escritura en dos palabras: &lt;em&gt;«Hará lo posible por que se cure»&lt;/em&gt; (Marías &lt;em&gt;Corazón&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1992]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T13:31:26.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16467" CreationDate="2016-04-17T14:38:44.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer cola&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;estar en la cola&lt;/strong&gt; dan la idea de estar esperando turno para ser atendidos o para entrar. Se puede aún estar en la cola en un consultorio médico sin estar parados o haciendo fila, estás en una lista de espera, estás en la cola, sentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la línea no implica esperar turno, se suele decir &lt;strong&gt;hacer fila&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;estar en fila&lt;/strong&gt;, como cuando alguien instruye &lt;strong&gt;caminemos en fila india&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;formen cuatro filas&lt;/strong&gt;. No se usaría cola para esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Línea&lt;/strong&gt; es más general, sólo describiendo que las personas están una tras otra, pero pierde las ideas de turno o de formación. El uso de &lt;strong&gt;línea&lt;/strong&gt; en lugar de &lt;strong&gt;cola&lt;/strong&gt; me parece un anglicismo por cierto muy común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T14:38:44.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16477" CreationDate="2016-04-17T17:09:13.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es correcta, no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Son&quot; como sustantivo significa sonido o ritmo, o como verbo es la tercera persona del plural del verbo ser (&quot;ellos son simpáticos&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;En son&quot; es una expresión incompleta. La forma más frecuente es &quot;en son de paz&quot; que significa &quot;sin ánimo de pelear&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T21:02:44.147" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T21:02:44.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-18T00:06:22.240" Score="1" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to tell the difference between these three phrases in Spanish.&#xA;When would you use each, or do they all mean the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the following translations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bob is going to the beach this afternoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I went to the beach yesterday night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This morning I will eat breakfast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T00:06:22.240" Title="&quot;en la tarde&quot; vs &quot;de la tarde&quot; vs &quot;por la tarde&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-04-18T00:37:32.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31565" CreationDate="2016-04-18T05:58:05.637" Score="5" ViewCount="6579" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estos días se &lt;a href=&quot;http://v&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;leo&lt;/a&gt; con frecuencia la palabra &lt;strong&gt;impeachment&lt;/strong&gt; para explicar el proceso de destitución de la presidenta del gobierno de Brasil, Dilma Rousseff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchas noticias en castellano utilizan esta palabra para designar, citando la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en castellano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... una figura del Derecho anglosajón (específicamente en Estados&#xA;  Unidos y Gran Bretaña) mediante el cual se puede procesar a un alto&#xA;  cargo público.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser una figura del derecho anglosajón entiendo que haya problemas para encontrar una traducción exacta. Por ello, continúa el artículo diciendo que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las traducciones al español más comunes son &quot;moción de censura&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;impugnación&quot;, &quot;impedimento&quot;, o &quot;acusación pública&quot; (también se usa&#xA;  &quot;juicio político&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De entre estas opciones, &lt;em&gt;moción de censura&lt;/em&gt; no me parece que contenga todo el significado pues no tiene porqué ser debido a cuestiones jurídicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que aprovechando que en este sitio hay gente con ambas lenguas maternas, me pregunto: ¿hay alguna forma especialmente indicada para traducir esta figura jurídica? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T08:29:41.623" Title="¿&quot;Impeachment&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16486" CreationDate="2016-04-18T06:49:19.617" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se utiliza el término &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;juicio político&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de manera oficial, definido como tal en la constitución política del país. La cámara de diputados del gobierno mexicano emite información acerca de las asambleas celebradas con regularidad en el congreso, así como información relevante referente a las leyes estipuladas en la constitución política; La información emitida es archivada física y virtualmente para que pueda ser utilizada por los ciudadanos con el fin de promover la transparencia de información del gobierno. En una búsqueda realizada en la biblioteca virtual de la cámara de diputados, me encuentro con una amplia definición del término en cuestión y sobre todo, una parte del texto donde especifica su origen, el cual es atribuido directamente al término inglés &lt;em&gt;impeachment&lt;/em&gt;, originario de la Gran Bretaña. Cito textualmente la información mas relevante del &lt;a href=&quot;http://archivos.diputados.gob.mx/Centros_Estudio/cedip/PUBLICACIONES/EXPEDIENTE_PARLAMENTARIO/14/14.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documento&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esencia, el juicio político es una institución de interés general&#xA;  establecido en las leyes fundamentales de la mayoría de los países del&#xA;  mundo. Su origen se halla en el procedimiento al Rey Carlos I, seguido&#xA;  por la Cámara de los Comunes del Parlamento Inglés, organismo&#xA;  legislativo que, personificando a la soberanía popular, sentenció al&#xA;  soberano a pena de muerte, acusado de tirano, traidor, asesino y&#xA;  enemigo del país.  En ese caso, con una votación unánime, se dictó&#xA;  resolución, en un procedimiento que, en la parte occidental del mundo,&#xA;  se considera históricamente como el primer enjuiciamiento político o&#xA;  impeachment instruido a un gobernante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-25T08:29:41.623" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T08:29:41.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15219" CreationDate="2016-04-18T18:02:21.740" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want compliment the accepted response indicating something that is quite obvious for speakers of Spanish and therefore not specified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idiom &quot;andar de maleta&quot; comes from &quot;andar de mal humor&quot; (or &quot;de mala cara&quot;). This is a rhetorical game called &lt;strong&gt;paronomasia&lt;/strong&gt; in which a signifier is replaced with another very similar, in this case &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;/strong&gt; humor&quot; for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;/strong&gt;eta&quot;. It's probably what the English call &quot;pun&quot;, I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paronomasia is really very very very common among Chileans. I do not know if this also happens in other countries, but there are lots of examples that are part of our local dictionary. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Andar de maleta = andar con mal humor &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Holanda! = ¡hola!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Y Bosnia? = ¿y vos? (es irónico: &lt;em&gt;¿acaso tú no?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo andamio? = ¿cómo andamos? (&lt;em&gt;¿cómo te va?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Albornoz! = ¡ah, vos no! (&lt;em&gt;¿y acaso tú no?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No seas Contreras = no estés siempre en mi contra (Contreras is a surname)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo le baila? = cómo te va&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué container? = ¿qué cuentas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo viento = todo bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T18:02:21.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16490" CreationDate="2016-04-18T18:57:58.037" Score="2" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently learning comparisons in which each item being compared is equal. When using a sentence with tan/tanto/a/os/as, I am having trouble knowing the correct order of each sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A text book section asks a question and wants the answer to be no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;?Tiene la Plaza San Martín más estatuas que la Plaza San Bolívar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the correct answer be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, la Plaza San Martín tiene tantas estatuas como la Plaza San Bolívar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, tiene tantas estatuas la Plaza San Martín como la Plaza San Bolívar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another Question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay más tiendas en la calle Luna que en la calle Londres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the correct answer be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, hay tantas tiendas en la calle Luna como en la calle Londres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn the sentence structure of these sentences and why it would be that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T21:27:23.923" Title="Equal Comparisons Order of Sentence Troubles" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16489" CreationDate="2016-04-18T21:27:23.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gramaticalmente son todas las respuestas validas pero te recomendaría que te quedes con: (suenan mejor para alguien de habla hispana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, la Plaza San Martín tiene tantas estatuas como la Plaza San Bolívar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, en la calle Luna hay tantas tiendas como en la calle Londres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T21:27:23.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2016-04-19T00:53:37.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They really are the same thing but, &lt;em&gt;a mí me gusta&lt;/em&gt; is really an emphasis that you &lt;strong&gt;really&lt;/strong&gt; like something. &lt;em&gt;A mí me gusta&lt;/em&gt; is also a great way to answer a question. For example, &quot;¿a quién le gusta...?&quot; You would answer using, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a mí&lt;/strong&gt; me gusta...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cultures you can even use the &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt; when you are speaking with someone you would refer to as usted. Basically it is a really good way to emphasize your liking. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure to always use the &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; when you are talking about yourself liking something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know &lt;strong&gt;who or what&lt;/strong&gt; you like. This can change whether the sentence is &lt;em&gt;a mí me gusta, gustan, or gustas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Know your conjugations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12433" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T05:49:29.107" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T05:49:29.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16476" CreationDate="2016-04-19T15:56:05.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;curro&quot;, en la Argentina no es obsoleto (también se usa el diminutivo &quot;currito&quot;). Normalmente se utiliza si el trabajo es marginal, ilegal o en la frontera de la ilegalidad. También es posible utilizarlo para trabajos temporales en una forma intercambiable con &quot;changa&quot;. Finalmente, puede ser utilizado si el trabajo, a pesar de ser formal/legal, es considerado como plata fácil por el trabajador. En este sentido, el &quot;curro&quot; (o robo) sería cobrar ese dinero por hacer muy poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Empleo&quot; no se utiliza en Argentina como un lugar físico pero sí para otros usos, en particular el desempleo o los índices de empleo según franjas etarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T08:02:46.410" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T08:02:46.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16497" CreationDate="2016-04-19T19:28:00.180" Score="2" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish class, I have been learning rules that show when and where to put an accent on a word in Spanish. So far, the main rules are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esdrújula- a four syllable word in which an accent would appear on the second syllable. &quot;teléfono&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am confused: why would &quot;póngalo&quot; have an accent on the o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre Esdrújula- a five syllable word in which an accent would appear on the second syllable. &quot;póngasela&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not consistent because &quot;teléfonica&quot; is 4 from the back yet reducírselo has 5 syllables yet acts esdrújula. &#xA;Can this method be used to determine where all accents go on these types of words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other way to determine where accents go? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard just saying the word outside was the best method. Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;dígasela&quot; is correct, not &quot;digásela&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;lávatelas&quot; is correct, not &quot;lavátelas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Despiértate&quot; is correct, not &quot;Déspiertate&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T20:18:33.147" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T15:02:09.237" Title="Accent Help: Esdrújula and Sobre Esdrújula are not consistent" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16465" CreationDate="2016-04-19T20:07:24.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok is not a word in Spanish. However, there are many different ways to substitute ok, but here are the most simple ways to say ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esta bien [it's okay]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estas/ esta bien? [are you okay]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si [yes]&#xA;Use si when you are answering a question. For example ,&quot;Quieres ir al parque?&quot; You would answer [normally] with,&quot; Si. Quiero ir al parque.&quot; Not with ok like in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12433" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T20:07:24.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16493" CreationDate="2016-04-19T20:09:07.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esdrújula&lt;/em&gt; words are stressed in the antepenultimate syllable, independently of how many syllables the word has. Thus, it doesn't matter if the word has four or more syllables, but in which syllable, counting from the end of the word, the stress falls. Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/118&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T20:09:07.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8191" CreationDate="2016-04-19T20:33:52.297" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the Moores ruled in Spain, they had lookout posts on hilltops and it is said that in times of trouble they could call aid from Africa in a matter of hours by lighting the flames on top of the lookout towers, hence the connection between flame and call in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12439" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T18:37:00.433" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:37:00.433" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16493" CreationDate="2016-04-20T00:29:39.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @JMVanPelt has already answered, the key criterion is which syllable stressed (&lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the antepenultimate (third from last) syllable is stressed, means &quot;&lt;em&gt;Esdrújula&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has always accent (&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the fourth from last syllable is stressed, means &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sobreesdrújula&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has always accent (&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;) too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;digásela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is wrong not because being &quot;&lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but because that word doesn't exist at all.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But if it were, it would have the graphical accent (&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lavátelas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is right, because it is &quot;&lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and (in Spanish from Argentina, Colombia and Uruguay) means the same as &quot;&lt;em&gt;lávatelas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;déspiertate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the same case as your first example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;&lt;em&gt;teléfonica&lt;/em&gt;&quot; doesn't exist, it is written &lt;em&gt;telefónica&lt;/em&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T15:02:09.237" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T15:02:09.237" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16499" CreationDate="2016-04-20T03:06:46.467" Score="2" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reproducing 2 concealed handgun posters and they have Spanish language translations. One of them has this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DE ACUERDO CON LA SECCIÓN 30.07, CÓDIGO PENAL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(English: PURSUANT TO SECTION 30.07, PENAL CODE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the other has this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CONFORME A LA SECCIÓN 30.06 DEL CÔDIGO PENAL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(English: PURSUANT TO SECTION 30.06 PENAL CODE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12442" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T06:27:47.927" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T06:27:47.927" Title="Circumflex or Acute over O and proper translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16498" CreationDate="2016-04-20T03:27:38.770" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no such &lt;em&gt;circumflex&lt;/em&gt; accent in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only diacritics available are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acute accent&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sección&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;código&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dieresis&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ungüento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pingüino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is the letter &lt;strong&gt;ñ&lt;/strong&gt; (with some sort of a diacritic), but we could say that is just a different letter than &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T03:27:38.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15349" CreationDate="2016-04-20T14:40:08.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a beginner &lt;em&gt;está preparad&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is easy to be confused with &lt;em&gt;está preparand&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ha preparad&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cena está &lt;em&gt;preparad&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The dinner is prepared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above sentence &lt;em&gt;preparada&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective, related to &lt;em&gt;la cena&lt;/em&gt; and not connected with &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;, and as such it has to match the noun (&lt;em&gt;la cena&lt;/em&gt;) in the gender (feminine) and grammatical number (singular), so must end with &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las cenas están preparad&lt;strong&gt;as&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El desayuno está preparad&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los desayunos están preparad&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María está &lt;em&gt;preparand&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cena.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  María is preparing the dinner.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan está &lt;em&gt;preparand&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cena.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan is preparing the dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above sentence &lt;em&gt;preparando&lt;/em&gt; is a gerund, and it is a part of the present continuous &lt;em&gt;está preparando&lt;/em&gt;, which does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; match the gender and number of the noun (&lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María ha &lt;em&gt;preparad&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cena.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  María has prepared the dinner.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan ha &lt;em&gt;preparad&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la cena.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan has prepared the dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;preparado&lt;/em&gt; is a participle, and it is a part of the present perfect &lt;em&gt;ha preparado&lt;/em&gt;, which does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; match the gender and number of the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="11155" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T06:34:07.107" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T06:34:07.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16501" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-20T15:19:53.257" Score="3" ViewCount="2594" Body="&lt;p&gt;Español es mi tercer idioma (lo he estudiado durante cuatro años), y voy a España este verano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo llamar la atención de un camarero. Por ejemplo, la gente piensa que puede llamar a un camarero &quot;garçon&quot; en francés, pero es un poco grosero (y es como un turista).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo llamar la atención de un camarero de una manera delicada? ¿Puedo decir &quot;camarero&quot; o &quot;camarera&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12446" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:05:06.850" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:30:57.140" Title="¿Cómo debería llamar a un &quot;waiter&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-20T15:29:28.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que para hombres &quot;Joven&quot; y para mujeres &quot;Camarera&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T15:29:28.583" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-20T15:45:55.893" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Camarero&quot; y &quot;camarera&quot; son perfectamente aceptables en España, aunque se pueden utilizar alternativas como &quot;Oiga&quot; o &quot;Por favor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T15:45:55.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-20T15:56:26.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso es regional al parecer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Encuentro que decir &lt;em&gt;camarero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;camarera&lt;/em&gt; no suena mal pero un poco &lt;em&gt;tosco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo en mi país se acostumbra a decir &lt;em&gt;mesero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mesera&lt;/em&gt;, aunque de todas formas igual se considera algo tosco.&#xA;Al menos cuando voy a un restaurante, generalmente me refiero a ellos como &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;señorita&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T20:56:34.693" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T20:56:34.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-20T20:27:15.473" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una manera más de llamar a un &quot;waiter&quot; que aquí no se ha mencionado es &quot;Mesero&quot;, que es el que atiende las mesas. Pero es un modismo regional que en algunas partes no se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12447" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T21:00:49.797" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T21:00:49.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16507" CreationDate="2016-04-20T22:49:25.443" Score="3" ViewCount="1831" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of a video game menu, which has a selection/button labeled &quot;PLAY!&quot; which when pressed will take the user from the menu into a new game, what would be the correct Spanish translation?  Should it be &quot;¡JUEGA!&quot;?  Or maybe &quot;¡JUEGUE!&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12448" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T15:50:47.297" Title="How to say &quot;Play!&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-04-20T23:34:51.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting, both could work but, as a gamer, I've often seen &lt;em&gt;¡juega!&lt;/em&gt; instead of using the subjunctive. But I wouldn't be surprised if I saw the instruction given as &lt;em&gt;¡juegue!&lt;/em&gt;, it sounds a little weird to my ears though.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, base forms in English are often translated with the infinitive in Spanish, namely &lt;em&gt;play! = ¡jugar!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T15:50:47.297" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T15:50:47.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-04-21T00:07:36.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel that &quot;jugar&quot; or &quot;juega&quot; could also work for the game. To send a text on an iPhone you press the &quot;ir&quot; button to &quot;go&quot; or send. Like Ustanak said it would sound a little off to say &quot;jugue&quot; as the tú informal command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡jugar!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T00:09:38.373" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T00:09:38.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16510" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T00:13:45.573" Score="2" ViewCount="1145" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Son parte del complemento obligatorio del verbo o son adjuntos las construcciones resaltadas en las siguientes oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera una taza de chocolate &lt;strong&gt;con una barrita de Águila adentro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera una taza de café &lt;strong&gt;servida amablemente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12450" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T06:28:08.660" Title="¿Parte del complemento obligatorio o adjunto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16517" CreationDate="2016-04-21T00:27:19.793" Score="5" ViewCount="1450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently further increasing my knowledge of subjunctive form. I recently encountered this statement&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es difícil que ella hable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have attempted to interpret this sentence into a couple of different ways..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is difficult that she talks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I thought of as the literal meaning, which is confusing to me and would not make 100% sense in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is difficult for her to talk&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would make 100% sense yet I am not sure that is the meaning of the sentence itself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper translation for this phrases and ones similar in the subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T10:44:47.447" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T17:31:09.833" Title="Subjunctive phrase &quot;Es difícil que&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-04-21T07:07:37.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For sure it would be &quot;jugar&quot;. That is what most, if not all, spanish games use, as meaning &quot;to play&quot;, what does the user want? he wants to play, he wants...&quot;jugar&quot;. Don't think any conjugations of the verb work better than the infinitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T07:07:37.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16511" CreationDate="2016-04-21T07:17:20.077" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither of your options is correct. The construction &lt;em&gt;es difícil que&lt;/em&gt; is used to say that something is &lt;em&gt;unlikely&lt;/em&gt; to happen, so your original sentence means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is unlikely that she will talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more information in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/subj1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;As there is an alternative answer, I'll expand here why I think mine is correct instead of in comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es difícil que ella hable porque sus heridas no se lo permiten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es difícil que ella hable en la conferencia porque es muy tímida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es difícil que ella hable por miedo al criminal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them just mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is unlikely that she will talk &lt;em&gt;for whatever reason&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the reason that she won't talk is that it is difficult &lt;strong&gt;for her&lt;/strong&gt; to do it, that's just a coincidence that doesn't make &lt;em&gt;es difícil que&lt;/em&gt; mean &lt;em&gt;it is difficult&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we use the &lt;strong&gt;set phrase&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;es difícil que&lt;/em&gt; to express &lt;em&gt;unlikely&lt;/em&gt;? The underlying idea is that &lt;em&gt;it is difficult for &quot;the universe&quot; to make that happen&lt;/em&gt;. The odds are against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead you want to express &lt;em&gt;It is difficult for her to talk&lt;/em&gt;, you have several options, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ella le es difícil hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para ella es difícil hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es difícil hablar para ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ella le cuesta hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T17:31:09.833" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T17:31:09.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-04-21T08:21:01.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would also find understandable something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Empezar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Empieza!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To mean &quot;start new game&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T08:21:01.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16510" CreationDate="2016-04-21T08:42:51.207" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los complementos obligatorios son los directos, indirectos, de régimen y también atributo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto, como por ejemplo el circunstancial son adjuntos, y creo que ambas frases pertenecen a esta categoría ya que describen, especifican y añaden más detalles, pero el verbo no los exige.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El complemento circunstancial de Instrumento o Medio: añade información de con qué instrumento se realiza la acción verbal. Responde a la pregunta ¿Con qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda es el modo que quieres que te lo sirvan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El complemento circunstancial de modo, por su lado, explica de qué manera o modo se desempeña lo que el verbo expresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo quieres que te sirva el café? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amablemente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T06:28:08.660" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T06:28:08.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16511" CreationDate="2016-04-21T13:11:18.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sorry to disagree with @rsanchez but both translations are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Difícil&amp;quot; also translates to &amp;quot;difficult&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;hard&amp;quot; see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/dif%C3%ADcil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difficult is (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/difficult&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not easy&lt;/strong&gt; : requiring much work or skill to do or make&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not easy to deal with&lt;/strong&gt; or manage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not willing to&lt;/strong&gt; help others by changing your behavior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say she had an accident and injured her mouth difficulting her to talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;Es difícil que ella hable&lt;/strong&gt; porque sus heridas no se lo permiten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English: &lt;strong&gt;It is difficult/hard for her to talk&lt;/strong&gt; because of her injuries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, she is very shy and there is a public speaking event. Someone wants her to talk at the conference but someone else could reply to that by saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;Es difícil que ella hable&lt;/strong&gt; en la conferencia porque es muy tímida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English: &lt;strong&gt;It is difficult that she talks&lt;/strong&gt; at the conference because she is very shy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, she witness a crime but the criminal saw her. Someone thinks she could talk to the police but then someone else will comment saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;Es difícil que ella hable&lt;/strong&gt; por miedo al criminal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English: &lt;strong&gt;It is unlikely that she talks&lt;/strong&gt; because she is afraid of the criminal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I see it both translations are correct plus the new one suggested by @rsanchez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say that in Spanish you could say it just one way but the correct translation will depend on context and the 3 sentences are likely translations of the same Spanish sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T13:11:18.703" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16520" CreationDate="2016-04-21T18:13:00.813" Score="6" ViewCount="2818" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a Spanish word for the English &lt;em&gt;stocker&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;to stock&lt;/em&gt;, in the sense of putting grocery items on a shelf so that they can be sold.  That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;em&gt;[sustantivo]&lt;/em&gt; de abarrotes.  Cada noche yo &lt;em&gt;[verbo]&lt;/em&gt; los abarrotes en el supermercado.  O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The options I've found don't seem suitable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;colocar&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This seems to have a much broader usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=03damMg&quot;&gt;abastecer&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This works for a different sense of the verb &quot;to stock&quot;: &lt;em&gt;that grocery store stocks organic milk&lt;/em&gt;, i.e., it supplies or provides organic milk to its customers.  That's not the sense I'm looking for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;surtir&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also a sense of &lt;em&gt;providing something to someone&lt;/em&gt;, not putting on a shelf.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;surtirse de&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apparently a translation for &quot;to stock up,&quot; that is, to buy a lot, but again not the sense of &quot;to stock&quot; that I am looking for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm particularly interested in a word that would be suitable for use in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T11:43:16.500" Title="How do I &quot;stock groceries&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16518" CreationDate="2016-04-21T18:23:05.563" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word you're looking for is &lt;em&gt;reponedor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hence, your sentence becomes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;reponedor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de abarrotes. Cada noche yo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;repongo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; los abarrotes en el supermercado. O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just realised you wanted an expression suitable for Mexico. If my answer doesn't fulfil what's expected, I'll delete it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T18:23:05.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16518" CreationDate="2016-04-21T18:52:03.487" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a mexican perspective, I'd think of the word &lt;strong&gt;surtir&lt;/strong&gt;, followed by &lt;strong&gt;abastecer&lt;/strong&gt; are the ones that sound more natural to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;strong&gt;surtidor&lt;/strong&gt; de abarrotes. Cada noche yo &lt;strong&gt;surto&lt;/strong&gt; los abarrotes en el supermercado. O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;strong&gt;abastecedor&lt;/strong&gt; de abarrotes. Cada noche yo &lt;strong&gt;abastezco&lt;/strong&gt; los abarrotes en el supermercado. O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T18:52:03.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16518" CreationDate="2016-04-21T19:45:33.100" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Repositor&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;strong&gt;repositor&lt;/strong&gt; de góndola. Cada noche yo &lt;strong&gt;repongo&lt;/strong&gt; las góndolas en el supermercado. O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Repositor&quot;: stocker.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Góndola&quot;: estante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We call &quot;depósito&quot; the stocking place where products are stocked in boxes not to be seen by clients. &#xA;And of course, sometimes we use Spanglish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy un &lt;strong&gt;stockeador&lt;/strong&gt; de depósito. Cada noche &lt;strong&gt;stockeo&lt;/strong&gt; la mercadería que viene en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &quot;stockear&quot; to counting products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12466" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T22:14:42.387" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T22:14:42.387" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-04-21T22:24:48.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juega&quot; is the imperative form of the verb: &quot;Juega tú&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juegue&quot; is also the imperative form of the verb: &quot;Juegue usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easily seen that both forms are the second person of the singular on imperative tense, with &quot;juega&quot; associated with the informal &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;juegue&quot;, coincident in form with the third person, associated with the more formal &quot;usted&quot;. From these, a third form arises:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Jugá&quot; is the imperative form of the verb: &quot;Jugá vos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This third form is the standard in zones with the &quot;voseo&quot; characteristic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the answers suggesting to use the infinitive &quot;Jugar&quot; are wrong (as most of the game translations out there). The english &quot;Play&quot; is an imperative, not an infinitive which would be written as &quot;To play&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still, the question is not answered, as we have seen that all three (&quot;Juega&quot;, &quot;juegue&quot;, &quot;jugá&quot;) are valid. From these, you need to choose taking in account the zone of the Spanish world for which you are translating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina and nearby zones, it will be always &quot;jugá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, if you are formally addressing the player, it will be &quot;juege&quot;, but if you are addressing him unformally (as usual in most electronic means, but not necessarily correct) it will be &quot;juega&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most zones of the Americas, it will be always &quot;juega&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recommendation: to make one single translation, use &quot;juega&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T22:24:48.717" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16527" CreationDate="2016-04-22T00:03:02.693" Score="2" ViewCount="1007" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basis of the romance language of Spanish is that there are feminine and masculine words. These articles are either el/la depending on the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, in spoken Spanish, how important is to correctly say el/la?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am deciding whether to go on a trip to a Spanish speaking country to practice speaking and to become more fluent. When talking with native speakers, I am wondering how wrong or off it would sound to say a sentence like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(with incorrect articles)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo tengo un herida grande, necesito unas puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would native speakers still understand what I am trying to say if some or say most of the usage of el/la is incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:21:08.717" Title="How important is correct usage of el/la in spoken Spanish?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16518" CreationDate="2016-04-22T01:14:12.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Stockeo, stockear o stockeador, is a &quot;spanglish&quot; word and therefore, incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be &quot;abastecer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To stock shelves = &quot;abastecer los anaqueles&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I stock shelves = &quot;yo abastezco los anaqueles&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12471" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T11:43:16.500" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T11:43:16.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16524" CreationDate="2016-04-22T02:12:33.640" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most people will understand what you are trying to say under most circumstances. However, gender is Spanish is important if fluency is your goal. Here are some reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequently using the wrong gender will make you sound uneducated in the Spanish language. If you plan on speaking Spanish often in the future, you will want to learn the articles as soon as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some words change meaning with gender. For example, &lt;em&gt;el cura&lt;/em&gt; is a priest, but &lt;em&gt;la cura&lt;/em&gt; is a cure. If you were to mistake these, it would confuse the listener.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes the articles are essential to the meaning of a sentence. For example, consider the sentence &lt;em&gt;&quot;La poeta y su libro, el cual no tiene nombre, tuvieron mucho éxito&quot;.&lt;/em&gt; If instead of &lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt; (referring to the book) I had said &lt;em&gt;la cual&lt;/em&gt; (which refers to the poet), the sentence would have a different meaning, and would make less sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, most of the time you will be understood, but using the wrong article can cause confusion in certain cases and may prevent you from being understood. If possible, learn the correct article usage before your trip. If you can't, don't let that keep you from going on the trip. The best way to learn Spanish is to visit a country where it is spoken and use the language as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T02:22:10.960" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T02:22:10.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16518" CreationDate="2016-04-22T11:15:52.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Castillian Spanish, the correct translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un &lt;strong&gt;reponedor&lt;/strong&gt;. Cada noche &lt;strong&gt;repongo&lt;/strong&gt; las estanterías en el&#xA;  supermercado. O sea, coloco en los estantes, con mucho cuidado, los&#xA;  productos que vienen en el camión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: we don't use &quot;abarrotes&quot; nor &quot;gondolas&quot; to refer to &lt;em&gt;shelves&lt;/em&gt; (estantes, estanterías)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2289" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T11:21:18.720" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T11:21:18.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-22T11:44:26.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con Jano e I.G. Pascual, lo más habitual es &lt;em&gt;Por favor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Perdone&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Perdona&lt;/em&gt; (si es joven). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Joven&lt;/em&gt; no es muy conveniente utilizarlo y &lt;em&gt;mesero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mesera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;garçon&lt;/em&gt; no se usan en España en la actualidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hay mucho bullicio es muy conveniente usar el lenguaje gestual, o sea, levantar la mano, la mayor parte de las veces es más útil que llamarles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12474" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:10:35.507" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T13:10:35.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-04-22T12:38:15.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se utiliza &lt;em&gt;camarero&lt;/em&gt; cuando se habla de él, pero para llamarlo normalmente se le llama como a cualquier otra persona, no por su oficio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Perdone&quot;, &quot;Disculpe&quot;. A veces tambien se usa &quot;cuando puedas&quot;: &quot;¿Me pones una cerveza cuando puedas?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:05:54.603" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T13:05:54.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25897" CreationDate="2016-04-22T14:34:03.840" Score="7" ViewCount="39171" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa bastante en conversaciones coloquiales la expresión &lt;strong&gt;estar empanado/a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Pásame el pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿El qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Estás algo empanado esta mañana. Dije que si me puedes pasar el pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El propio DRAE lo contempla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ElL4pFW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;empanada mental&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Confusión de ideas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando sin embargo las definiciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ElM70Z6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;empanar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no observo ninguna acepción que pueda ayudar a entender el origen de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe por qué se usa? Además, ¿se usa en otros países de habla hispana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T15:00:34.797" LastActivityDate="2020-07-04T10:11:50.227" Title="¿Por qué decimos que estamos &quot;empanados&quot; cuando tenemos la mente confusa?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16679" CreationDate="2016-04-22T15:24:23.693" Score="4" ViewCount="24767" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo una película vieja doblada al español de España tuve que adivinar que &amp;quot;me dieron leche&amp;quot; significa &amp;quot;me dieron un golpe&amp;quot;. Pensé que era un juego de palabras del momento, pero después descubrí siguiendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14749/6915&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que el uso aparece ni más ni menos que en la RAE.  Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya leche que se ha dado con la bici.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Como vuelvas a hacerlo, te doy una leche!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe de dónde proviene la palabra &amp;quot;leche&amp;quot; con significado de &amp;quot;golpe&amp;quot;? ¿Tiene relación con el alimento &lt;em&gt;leche&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se usa en otra parte además de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T20:03:55.990" Title="¿Por qué en España &quot;leche&quot; significa &quot;golpe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-22T18:42:20.830" Score="2" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algun lugar leí que el diccionario de la academia española tiene alrededor de 95.000 entradas (palabras), y que una persona con una educación mediana maneja aproximadamente de 5.000 a 7.000 palabras en su vocabulario. ¿Alguien puede confirmar estos datos? ¿O comentar al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T19:38:48.997" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T19:38:48.997" Title="Datos sobre el idioma español. Cantidad de palabras" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-05-04T14:54:45.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16537" CreationDate="2016-04-22T19:31:28.017" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Si digo &lt;em&gt;había empezado a hablar&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;empezaba a hablar&lt;/em&gt; (en el contexto siguiente), cómo cambia el énfasis/significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vieron que el sordomudo &lt;strong&gt;empezaba a hablar&lt;/strong&gt;, todos pensaron&#xA;  que era un milagro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vieron que el sordomudo &lt;strong&gt;había empezado a hablar&lt;/strong&gt;, todos&#xA;  pensaron que era un milagro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12462" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T22:31:02.037" Title="el énfasis: pluscuamperfecto en vez de imperfecto (caso particular)" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16535" CreationDate="2016-04-22T22:25:57.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pretérito imperfecto tiene varios usos, entre los cuales se pueden distinguir dos especialmente frecuentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pretérito imperfecto se suele usar para una acción repetida (&lt;strong&gt;interpretación cíclica&lt;/strong&gt;), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;o una co-ocurrente o vinculada en el tiempo a otra (&lt;strong&gt;interpretación deíctica&lt;/strong&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la primera interpretación, solo el imperfecto es válido; según la segunda, ambas formas pueden ser intercambiables hasta cierto punto según el contexto. Así, en una frase del estilo &lt;em&gt;&quot;Cuando Carlos empezaba a hablar, todos sabían que la cosa iba a ir para largo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, se ve la interpretación cíclica, donde &quot;había empezado&quot; no es válido para expresar una acción que se da de forma repetida en el pasado. De hecho, si se usara el pluscuamperfecto, esto es: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Cuando Carlos había empezado a hablar, todos sabían que la cosa iba a ir para largo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, se cambiaría de una interpretación cíclica (el hecho de que Carlos hablaba era una acción frecuente) a una deíctica, donde la acción de que Carlos empiece a hablar se da a la vez o después de que los demás sepan que la cosa iba a ir para largo. El mismo significado queda más claro añadiendo algunos términos superfluos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para cuando Carlos había empezado a hablar, todos ya sabían que la cosa iba a ir para largo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la oración anterior, primero todos saben que la cosa va a ir para largo, y luego (o al mismo tiempo) Carlos empieza a hablar. No se dice en ningún momento que el hecho de que Carlos hablaba era algo que solía hacer, inferencia más que probable en la primera oración. Esa es la diferencia entre la interpretación deíctica y la cíclica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más lógico sería pensar que en tu caso se da la interpretación deíctica, y que por tanto ambas formas son correctas. Sin embargo, existe un pequeño cambio de significado entre ambas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cuando vieron que el sordomudo empezaba a hablar...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el imperfecto (&quot;empezaba&quot;), la interpretación cíclica queda descartada porque esta exigiría el imperfecto también en las demás formas, esto es: &quot;Cuando veían que el sordomudo empezaba a hablar, todos pensaban que era un milagro&quot;, lo cual podría tener sentido en un escenario donde el sordomudo solía empezar a hablar en frente de nuevas personas cada vez, y estas cada vez pensaban que era un milagro. Solo queda la interpretación deíctica, donde las acciones de &quot;ver&quot;, &quot;empezar a hablar&quot; y &quot;pensar que es un milagro&quot; ocurren todas al mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cuando vieron que el sordomudo había empezado a hablar...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el pluscuamperfecto (&quot;había empezado&quot;) solo la interpretación deíctica es posible, y según esta &quot;pensar que es un milagro&quot; puede haber ocurrido o a la vez o después de que el sordomudo haya empezado a hablar. Esto es, el sordomudo podría haber empezado a hablar hace una semana, pero solo ahora la gente se ha dado cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, el imperfecto es algo más restringido que el pluscuamperfecto en el sentido de que define mejor el marco temporal de las tres acciones, aunque la diferencia entre ambos es muy sutil y en la mayoría de los casos incluso nimia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T22:31:02.037" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T22:31:02.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16539" CreationDate="2016-04-22T23:48:31.027" Score="4" ViewCount="800" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gocomics.com/espanol/dilbert-en-espanol/2011/09/24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En este &quot;Dilbert&quot;&lt;/a&gt; pregunta un tipo, &quot;¿esto es una cana?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OLmUv.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OLmUv.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir? &quot;Cane&quot; no tiene aquí sentido alguno...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T21:36:21.780" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T21:36:21.780" Title="¿Qué es &quot;una cana&quot; en este caso?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16538" CreationDate="2016-04-23T00:18:20.470" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;em&gt;cana&lt;/em&gt; es un pelo de color cano, es decir, blanco:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DRAE (23.a ed.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;cano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;canus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Cabello que se ha vuelto blanco. &lt;em&gt;U. m. en pl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estereotipo es que alguien con mucho estrés empieza a desarrollar pelo cano mientras todavía es de una edad más o menos joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-04-23T12:15:33.707" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T12:15:33.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15929" CreationDate="2016-04-23T12:09:19.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following is what I have understood from the linked sources without me being a linguist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/iedocctr/ie-ling/mood.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;PIE had two different moods to express things that are not real&lt;/a&gt;: subjunctive (non-factual or depending on a condition) and optative (wish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Italic languages (among which, Latin) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~jasanoff/pdf/Origin%20of%20Italic%20imperfect%20subjunctive.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;merged both functions into one&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The new Latin subjunctive mood was (normally) constructed using the optative forms, leaving what was the PIE subjunctive to express future now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some reason (which I haven't found), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~rnoyer/courses/51/PIEVerbs.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the optative thematic vowel &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; was replaced by an &lt;em&gt;-a-&lt;/em&gt; in Italo-Celtic languages&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is speculation, but I feel like all five Latin conjugations would have had an &lt;em&gt;-a-&lt;/em&gt; thematic vowel for the subjunctive... If it weren't for the first indicative already having one. The way this was resolved was using &lt;em&gt;-e-&lt;/em&gt; for the first conjugation and I guess some standard euphony rule took place there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the five Latin conjugations, we inherited just three (like in Catalan, French and Italian; others, like Romansh and Romanian, kept four).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the situation that once just looked like a rule with one exception now looks like some sort of vowel swap, but that's just a matter of perspective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                      12345 Conjugation&#xA;Latin:   Indicative:  AEIII (2nd pers. sing. thematic vowel)&#xA;         Subjunctive: EAAAA&#xA;Spanish: Indicative:  AEE&#xA;         Subjunctive: EAA&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I must insist, I'm not a linguist and haven't dug deeply in the linked documentation; but, as requested in the above comments, this may serve as a starting point to discuss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-04-23T13:39:29.590" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T13:39:29.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16476" CreationDate="2016-04-23T19:09:34.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One normally uses ¨empleo¨ to define the general aspect of the word ¨work¨, in examples like ¨el nivel de empleo de la region ha aumentado¨ - ¨the level of work in the region has increased¨.&#xA;¨Trabajo¨ is used to refer to the activity, as in ¨yo trabajo¨ (¨I work¨), ¨mi trabajo consiste en...¨ (¨my work is to...¨), ¨voy al trabajo¨ (¨I´m going to work - to the office)¨.&#xA;¨Curro¨ defines basically the same thing as ¨trabajo¨ but is a more colloquial word, less formal, it is normally used as a regionalism and informally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12490" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T19:09:34.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16476" CreationDate="2016-04-23T23:04:36.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Empleo&quot; is a formal/polite word. It is used in context like tv news, official documents, like &quot;Politica de Empleo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajo can be used as formal word. In Spain we have the Departament of Trabajo. But is more informal. In a normal conversation with other people you would say &quot;yo trabajo&quot;, &quot;he encontrado un trabajo&quot;, &quot;he encontrado un puesto de trabajo&quot;, etc. It is a Job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curro it is more slang. In Spain, most of young people would said &quot;tengo curro&quot;. Usually, it is a not well paid job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you have a job, and in one particular day, there is nothing to do, you can say &quot;hoy no hay curro&quot;, because there is noting to do today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a person that do a lot of work, you are &quot;currante&quot;. Javier es un chico muy currante. It is a positive word, but in a informal chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lower workers are curritos. You use this word if the boss does nothing, and workers are doing the hard job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12491" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T23:04:36.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16546" CreationDate="2016-04-24T00:33:24.007" Score="3" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would the following sentences be translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can tell you are sad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I understand that you are sad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you tell if the burner is hot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Do you know if the burner is hot?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T01:57:47.750" Title="Translating &quot;to tell&quot; as a verb of understanding" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-24T00:46:44.437" Score="3" ViewCount="1490" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference in usage between &lt;strong&gt;granjero&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;campesino&lt;/strong&gt;?  They both mean &lt;em&gt;farmer&lt;/em&gt;, don't they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12492" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T18:35:42.647" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T23:05:11.547" Title="What's the difference between &quot;granjero&quot; and &quot;campesino&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16544" CreationDate="2016-04-24T01:57:47.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few options here. You definitely can't just use &lt;code&gt;decir&lt;/code&gt; in this situation, I don't think that would translate well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a quite literal translation, you could try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puedo &lt;strong&gt;ver&lt;/strong&gt; que estás triste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However a more &quot;spanish&quot; approach would probably be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se nota que estás triste&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A different but potentially useful structure could be &lt;code&gt;Es + adjective&lt;/code&gt;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está claro / es obvio que estás triste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10969" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T01:57:47.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16545" CreationDate="2016-04-24T05:19:26.323" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For someone who works in a farm you would use, most commonly at least, &lt;strong&gt;granjero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The root for &lt;em&gt;campesino&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;campo&lt;/em&gt; (field, as in rural areas) and for &lt;em&gt;granjero&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;granja&lt;/em&gt; (farm).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12493" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T18:35:10.847" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T18:35:10.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16549" CreationDate="2016-04-24T18:10:07.437" Score="2" ViewCount="881" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard this proverb once in passing; both in English and Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The highest cliff you can fall from is trust&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Google Translate, I tried to get the Spanish translation (below), but it doesn't sound right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El acantilado más alto que puede caer de confianza es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly is wrong with the Spanish translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12496" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T19:02:45.853" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T19:02:45.853" Title="What exactly is wrong with this translation? &quot;El acantilado más alto que puede caer de confianza es&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16548" CreationDate="2016-04-24T18:32:31.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I see (&lt;a href=&quot;http://akifrases.com/frase/139459&quot;&gt;multiple links&lt;/a&gt;), the original quote by Francisco de Quevedo was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mayor despeñadero, la confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably heard it in English, which probably lost part of its content by the translation, and then tried to translate it back to Spanish. It would be funny to do this over and over again and see what this sentence ends up being : )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El acantilado más alto que puede caer de confianza es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the sentence, if it was written straight, would be &lt;em&gt;&quot;la confianza es el mayor despeñadero&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. So translating it back is complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, in the translation you provide the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;es&quot;&lt;/em&gt; lies at the end of the sentence without much sense. Then, the way it is constructed the subject is &lt;em&gt;&quot;el acantilado más alto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, whereas should be &lt;em&gt;&quot;confianza&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it says &lt;code&gt;El acantilado ... + que + &amp;lt;action&amp;gt; DE confianza &amp;lt;verb&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. If you wanted to write it this way, you should make an extra connexion (I don't know its technical name) and say &lt;em&gt;&quot;El acantilado más alto &lt;strong&gt;del que&lt;/strong&gt; se puede caer &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; la confianza&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T18:32:31.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16538" CreationDate="2016-04-24T23:17:26.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando te estresas te salen canas, es decir, cuando tienes muchos nervios o estrés se suele decir que &lt;em&gt;te salen canas&lt;/em&gt;. Es una frase hecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12498" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T07:42:36.347" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T07:42:36.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2016-04-25T02:46:42.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edgy as fuck&lt;/em&gt; es basicamente un insulto en estos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Wow, that was edgy&quot; o &quot;he's edgy as fuck&quot; son maneras sarcásticas de indicar que una persona es... de una manera, dramática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si un joven postea en su facebook cosas como &quot;eso de que tengas que llorar en la ducha...&quot; eso es edgy. &quot;el viento se lleva mis palabras... Se las lleva a los oídos de ella&quot; eso es &lt;em&gt;edgy&lt;/em&gt;. Un joven que viste de negro diciendo &quot;nadie me entiende, soy especial. Soy diferente a todos los jóvenes de hoy en día...&quot; eso es &lt;em&gt;Edgy as fuck&lt;/em&gt; y hasta da un poco de &quot;cringe&quot; (vergüenza ajena).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que si encuentras la palabra &quot;edgy&quot; en algún pedazo de literatura, el significado sea más parecido al original/necesites guiarte por un diccionario. Pero si alguien que está en contacto con la internet, especialmente aquellos jovenes y adultos que pasan el tiempo en comunidades de habla inglesa, se encuentra con la palabra &quot;edgy&quot; refiriéndose a alguien, o dice que algo es &quot;edgy as fuck&quot; o &quot;edgy AF&quot; (que es la abreviación), estate seguro que es un comentario sarcástico, y con aires de provocar la risa en algunos, e irritar al que recibe el comentario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo digo por experiencia, siendo alguien en contacto continuo con la internet y solo habla con gente que habla inglés, pues ese es mi primer idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12499" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T07:46:00.850" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T07:46:00.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16552" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16553" CreationDate="2016-04-25T08:00:12.863" Score="6" ViewCount="8098" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Frito&lt;/em&gt; es un adjetivo que se usa en distintos contextos. Por ejemplo, decimos que alguien &lt;em&gt;se ha quedado frito&lt;/em&gt; si se ha quedado dormido profundamente (igual que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16253/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quedarse roque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión que me pica la curiosidad hoy es la de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tener frito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Mamá, ¿me compras un ordenador?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Niño, ya te he dicho que no. Me tienes frita ya de tanto pedir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa &lt;em&gt;tener frito&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que se está cansado, tirando a harto de una situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado pero no he podido encontrar una explicación al respecto. ¿Alguien la sabe? Además, ¿se usa en algún lugar más que en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T22:36:02.487" Title="¿Por qué &quot;tener frito&quot; a alguien quiere decir que esa persona está cansada, tirando a harta?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16552" CreationDate="2016-04-25T15:05:59.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que el origen de la expresión es el mismo que el de &quot;estar quemado de algo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me explico: Cuando dejas algo mucho tiempo en aceite se fríe. Si lo dejas aún más, se quema. Así que en sentido figurado cuando estás muy cansado de una persona o de su actitud, en sentido figurado, la has aguantado tanto tiempo que &quot;te fríe&quot;. Si es una situación, &quot;te quema&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy española pero creo que al menos en México también se usa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T15:05:59.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="305" CreationDate="2016-04-25T18:00:57.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Chilean and in the 80s was a teenager (and therefore used the generational expressions present in &quot;Mala onda&quot;). I can tell you with certainty that the term &quot;bomb&quot; was &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; used, nor used today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as the author of the accepted answer says, the term &quot;bomba&quot; was widely used in the sense of &quot;cool&quot;. And consider that the protagonist of &quot;Mala Onda&quot; is a young arrogant and cheesy, who splashes all his sentences with Anglicisms. So we must understand that &quot;bomb&quot; is a phrase of the character, with which the author tries to imitate and criticize the loss of the identity of a social group at that time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sorry, I know my answer is late in 5 years.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T18:00:57.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16545" CreationDate="2016-04-25T19:19:18.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with JMVanPelt that &lt;strong&gt;campesino&lt;/strong&gt; is a peasant and &lt;strong&gt;granjero&lt;/strong&gt; is a farmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other words from the comments refer to people who work the fields (not necessarily in a farm) and differ in the origin of the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=19vVDdp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agricultor:&lt;/a&gt; Del lat. agricultor, -ōris.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mjdglg8%7CMjf4tIk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Labrador:&lt;/a&gt; Del lat. tardío laborātor, -ōris 'el que trabaja'.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MkAfgyI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Labriego:&lt;/a&gt; De labrar y -iego.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T19:19:18.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16556" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-25T22:25:59.547" Score="6" ViewCount="13298" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Hola, &lt;strong&gt;tronco&lt;/strong&gt;! ¿Cómo te va?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Estoy bien, ¿y tú?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Guay!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;tronco&quot; una grosería en Latinoamérica?. Y también ¿en qué parte de España se usa esa expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T19:02:23.560" LastActivityDate="2019-10-11T13:35:12.003" Title="¿Es &quot;tronco&quot; una grosería en Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T00:59:25.930" Score="4" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a standard way to say &quot;Differentiable&quot; and &quot;Integrable&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I say that a function is &lt;em&gt;differentiable&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;integrable&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12504" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T05:54:05.310" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T05:54:05.310" Title="Differentiable and Integrable calculus terms" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16557" CreationDate="2016-04-26T01:37:02.853" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a former mathematician, yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something is &lt;em&gt;diferenciable&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;derivable&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish, there's a distinction between those, but not in English.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;diferenciable&lt;/em&gt; is used when talking about &lt;em&gt;multivariable calculus&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;derivable&lt;/em&gt; is used when talking about &lt;em&gt;single variable calculus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;integrable&lt;/em&gt;, it stays the same, namely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sea &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; una función &lt;strong&gt;integrable&lt;/strong&gt; en un subconjunto de los reales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spelling is kept, but the pronunciation obviously changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T01:37:02.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16556" CreationDate="2016-04-26T02:58:26.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia no es una grosería.  Es un sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;lerdo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lento&lt;/em&gt;.  Es antónimo de &lt;em&gt;ágil&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese es un equipo de troncos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refiriéndose a un equipo de jugadores de fútbol, indica que el equipo es malo porque los jugadores son lentos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T05:53:01.307" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T05:53:01.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2016-04-26T02:59:44.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Receso&lt;/strong&gt; es la traduccion exacta de break en este contexto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como estuvo tu receso de invierno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T02:59:44.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T08:10:06.180" Score="1" ViewCount="2581" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between  &quot;ellos&quot; and &quot;los&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I say this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la mañana siguiente ella despertó a decir que el jefe querían ellos por teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is this the correct one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La próxima mañana los despertó para decir que el Jefe los quiso por teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12505" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T12:44:49.647" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T12:44:49.647" Title="&quot;ellos&quot; or &quot;los&quot;, which one is correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16562" CreationDate="2016-04-26T08:26:58.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; are pronouns, but they are used in different parts of the speech. &lt;em&gt;Ellos&lt;/em&gt; is used as subject in a sentence, while &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; is the object; much the same difference there is in English between &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, you want an object, so the right word is &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;. Correcting a few other mistakes, the right sentence might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la mañana siguente ella los despertó para decirles que el jefe &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; quería por teléfono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T04:09:42.640" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T04:09:42.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T13:18:48.443" Score="3" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching &quot;Goonies&quot; last night, with Spanish subtitles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the kids said, &quot;sh*t&quot; it was translated as &quot;Rayas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't &quot;Rayas&quot; mean &quot;stripes&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why was that word chosen as the translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, when an English speaker / Spanish learner wants to practice speaking Spanish with another learner, they could inquire, &quot;Anyone for Tienes?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T14:58:46.767" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T14:58:46.767" Title="Why was &quot;Rayas&quot; used as the translation in Goonies?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T16:01:52.027" Score="1" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently reviewing rules regarding when the definite article is used in Spanish and when it is not.  One rule (which is included on many websites that teach Spanish grammar) states that it is to be used with nouns in a &quot;general sense.&quot;  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La leche es blanca.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, however, I came upon a web page that states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;You do not use articles in Spanish when you are speaking about something very generally.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comes tacos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with a sentence such as, &quot;They drink milk,&quot; should the definite article be used or omitted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ellos beben leche.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ellos beben &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; leche.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Google search indicates that although omission of the definite article is more common, both can be used.  I was just wondering if there might be some specific rule that addresses this.  I'm actually attempting to answer this for someone else and came up with a theory of my own.  Before answering this question, you may want to read it.  The link to it is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/268121$comment_id=15118511&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I don't have  a definitive answer for you on this, ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now see that someone at the discussion thread I refer to above actually attempted to address this issue after I posted my comment (see the comment below mine), but I'm not really very satisfied with the answer that was given.  I figured I might have better luck over here at StackExchange because I've been impressed with some of the very erudite responses I often read here.  I am very interested in what some might have to say on this topic and thank you in advance for your attempts to answer it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T19:32:27.777" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T19:32:27.777" Title="What are the rules for using the definite article before a noun used in a general sense?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-04-28T00:04:07.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16568" CreationDate="2016-04-26T17:59:55.033" Score="0" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently making a recording that included the word &quot;academy,&quot; and wanting to be certain of where the stress was placed in that word, I looked it up.  The sources I used indicated that it is spelled the same for both &quot;academy&quot; and &quot;academia&quot; and gives this spelling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;academia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previously, I had thought &quot;academy&quot; stressed the &quot;i&quot; in the Spanish word and &quot;academia&quot; stressed the &quot;e.&quot;  I would feel more comfortable using this word if a native or fluent speaker could confirm this for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T18:17:55.777" Title="Is the Spanish word for &quot;academy&quot; pronounced the same as it is for &quot;academia?&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16567" CreationDate="2016-04-26T18:02:51.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The corresponding phonetics for &lt;em&gt;academia&lt;/em&gt; is /ˌækəˈdiːmɪə/, the stress is the same when considering &lt;em&gt;academia = akaˈðemja&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. The stress is placed the third syllable. (Of course, by not extending the vowel &lt;em&gt;i.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T18:17:55.777" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T18:17:55.777" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13546" CreationDate="2016-04-27T05:00:22.860" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece algo torpe utilizar cuatro letras cuando puedes usar 2. Creo que si pones &quot;EU&quot; y alguien piensa que querías poner &quot;UE&quot; por la Unión Europea es porque tu texto tiene muchos errores y lo más lógico es que el lector piense que es otro. Si tu texto está bien escrito, sabrán que te refieres al país yanqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12513" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T07:55:17.663" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T07:55:17.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T22:41:22.823" Score="3" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should I have to pluralize the &quot;unas&quot; and the &quot;faldas&quot; in this sentence if both sisters are wearing black skirts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán llevan unas faldas negros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12517" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T00:13:37.527" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T09:33:01.627" Title="Must change to plural?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16573" CreationDate="2016-04-27T23:01:41.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, otherwise they would both be wearing one skirt, which would be weird, unless perhaps they were Siamese twins. But whoever heard of someone from Siam named Guzman?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T23:01:41.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16573" CreationDate="2016-04-28T06:19:33.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, direct object, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unas faldas negras&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; needs to match the subject &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las hermanas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in noun. Also, note that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;faldas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a feminine name in Spanish, so the adjective, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;negras&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, needs to match in genre as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T06:19:33.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16573" CreationDate="2016-04-28T18:33:17.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree this time with both of the two former answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, in Spanish these two constructions are valid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán llevan unas faldas negras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán llevan falda negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is possible since common sense tells us that they cannot be wearing the same skirt at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The former idea is even valid if you say something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán llevan la misma falda negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because in that case, it is understood that they are wearing the &lt;em&gt;same model&lt;/em&gt; of skirt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there's no risk in using &lt;em&gt;falda&lt;/em&gt; in singular, even if there is more than one person involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, these other sentences are also valid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán &lt;strong&gt;llevan&lt;/strong&gt; una falda negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán &lt;strong&gt;llevan puesta&lt;/strong&gt; una falda negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las hermanas Guzmán &lt;strong&gt;están usando&lt;/strong&gt; una falda negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T09:33:01.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2016-04-29T06:36:31.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que porque lo que está empanado culinariamente (rebozado con pan rallado) es, figuradamente, más &quot;espeso&quot; que sin empanar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T06:36:31.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2016-04-29T11:38:39.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pura especulación, pero quizás más que con &lt;strong&gt;empanar&lt;/strong&gt; tenga que ver, en sentido figurado, con la segunda acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ElL4pFW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;empanada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: (Masa de pan rellena de carne, pescado, verdura, etc., cocida en el horno.), porque los distintos elementos del relleno estén entremezclados, y sea difícil separarlos con claridad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T11:38:39.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16586" CreationDate="2016-04-29T16:11:38.987" Score="1" ViewCount="553" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used Google Translate for various forms of &quot;to walk&quot; and got these translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I walk = Yo camino (or simply &quot;Camino&quot;; so: [Yo c,C]amino)&#xA;I am walking = Estoy caminando&#xA;I walked = Caminé&#xA;I want to walk = Quiero caminar&#xA;I wanted to walk = Quería caminar&#xA;I will walk = Caminaré&#xA;I would have walked = Me habría caminado&#xA;I will have walked = Yo he caminado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;I walk&quot; could also simply be &quot;Camino&quot;, but they seem right to me except for &quot;I walked&quot; and &quot;I will walk&quot;. Are these really correct? And if so, are they the most common/natural way of expressing those statements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T18:14:23.140" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T15:53:55.723" Title="Are these the correct translations for &quot;I walked&quot; and &quot;I will walk&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-29T16:51:15.563" Score="5" ViewCount="3675" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/61620/why-is-the-term-touched-no-longer-commonly-used?rq=1&quot;&gt;EL&amp;amp;U&lt;/a&gt; encontré una pregunta que me causó curiosidad. El post preguntaba por el origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;touched in the head&lt;/em&gt;, generalmente aplicada a personas no del todo mentalmente sanas, y más concretamente a autistas. Me resultó interesante porque en español existe la misma frase, “estar [algo] &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zvvw5YD|Zvw5a4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tocado&lt;/a&gt; [de la cabeza]”, cuya primera aparición en la literatura precede o coincide con la expresión inglesa. Según la pregunta mencionada, las primeras apariciones en inglés en la prensa escrita (considerando las limitaciones de Google Ngrams) podrían haber sido en las primeras décadas de 1700. Según el CORDE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link 2&lt;/a&gt;), la primera aparición clara de la expresión en español que he podido encontrar es de 1654:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Han entrado por el Tortonés en el Estado de Milan 3.500 franceses, agregándoseles los modeneses, procurando invernar en aquel Estado, haciendo todo cuanto mal y daño pueden, y el Marqués de Caracena se dice está &lt;strong&gt;algo tocado de la cabeza&lt;/strong&gt; y con cuartanas dobles, y que el de Mantua tomó la posta desde París y se ha metido en el Casal de Monferrato.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Barrionuevo, Jerónimo de (1654-1658). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016161114348.1176.1172&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+tocado+de+la+cabeza%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Avisos. Tomos I, II, III y IV.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Antonio Paz y Melia, Imprenta de M. Tello (Madrid), 1892 - 1893&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría ya existir &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=5&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016161303882.1176.1172&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+algo+tocado+%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;medio siglo antes&lt;/a&gt;, aunque no he encontrado ningún fragmento donde la expresión se refiera a estar loco o medio loco sin ninguna ambigüedad. La expresión “tocado” con el sentido de “afectado” sí aparece en fechas más antiguas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“El que piensa mal de su próximo, aunque calle su lengua, no está libre de pecado, delante de Dios es ya pecador; pero el que a cada propósito exercita su lengua contra el próximo ausente, entre los buenos varones es aborrecible y abominable. Porque cada uno teme el veneno de aquel escorpión, y aborresce al hombre que &lt;strong&gt;está tocado desta enfermedad&lt;/strong&gt; aunque sepa que dize verdad, porque lo dize por vicio y no por razón, porque sabe que también dirá la mentira si a la memoria le viniesse.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pérez de Chinchón, Bernardo (1533). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=22&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La lengua de Erasmo nuevamente romançada por muy elegante estilo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Dorothy S. Severin, Real Academia Española (Madrid), 1975&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya desde mediados del siglo XIV se encuentra con frecuencia acompañada de sentimientos, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=30&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto30&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar tocado de avaricia&lt;/a&gt; (1594), &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=34&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de furor&lt;/a&gt; (1562), &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=2&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de pasión&lt;/a&gt; (1587), &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=7&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de celos&lt;/a&gt; (1602), &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=7&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de tristeza&lt;/a&gt; (1575) o &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=21&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de soberbia&lt;/a&gt; (1590), entre otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“que éste es solo el Amor que permanece,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y no una afición vana que florece&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en quien &lt;strong&gt;de un tal amor está tocado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no pretende amar si no es amado.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Montemayor, Jorge de (1554 - 1559). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=47&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto47&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cancionero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Juan Bautista Avalle-Arce y Emilio Blanco, Turner (Madrid), 1996&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estas fechas también aparecen menciones a entidades divinas o fantásticas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Escriben del mirto que huele bien y que es tierno y delicado y todo parece que espira aquella gracia y regalo de Venus y que &lt;strong&gt;está tocado de la deidad&lt;/strong&gt; de ella, y por eso consagrado a la misma Venus, a quien se atribuyó, o por una conciliación y naturaleza particular, o porque es planta marítima y Venus nació en el mar.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Herrera, Fernando de (1580). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=24&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comentarios a Garcilaso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Antonio Gallego Morell, Gredos (Madrid), 1972&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Pues qué, si &lt;strong&gt;está tocado de la musa&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  i no quiere llegar a las tabernas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  su fama desdichada, como se usa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no sólo a los desiertos i cavernas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lo condenan por bárbaro, mas creo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que penas le quisieran dar eternas.”  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Argensola, Lupercio Leonardo de (c 1579 - a 1613). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=45&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto45&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rimas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. José Manuel Blecua, CSIC (Zaragoza), 1950&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Tocado” en el sentido de “dotado”, acompañado de cualidades positivas, parece haber aparecido algunos siglos más tarde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“El carácter de la madre es excelente y sostenido; el de Inés es delicado, tierno, profundo, &lt;strong&gt;está tocado con una maestría encantadora&lt;/strong&gt;;”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Larra, Mariano José de (1834). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=14&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto14&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Representación de &quot;La niña en casa y la madre en la máscara&quot; comedia original de don Francisco Martí ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Alejandro Pérez Vidal, Crítica (Barcelona), 2000 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Destaca entre los que lo rodean porque &lt;strong&gt;está tocado de una gracia&lt;/strong&gt; que surge raramente en los conjuntos urbanos de formación acelerada: la rúbrica de un arquitecto caro, idealista y autoritario.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palomino, Ángel (1971). &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=290416%5C016%5CC000O29042016164301796.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+est%E1+tocado%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Torremolinos, Gran Hotel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Planeta (Barcelona), 1996&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mi pregunta&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el post enlazado la respuesta más votada explica que &lt;em&gt;touched&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de “loco” proviene de la expresión &lt;em&gt;touched by God&lt;/em&gt;. En la expresión española, el origen podría ser tanto “tocado (≈afectado) por alguna enfermedad mental” como “tocado (≈inspirado) por Dios o alguna deidad similar”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna evidencia de que “tocado” con el sentido de “loco” provenga de una u otra expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El verbo inglés proviene del francés &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=touch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tochier&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que proviene a su vez del verbo latín &lt;em&gt;toccare&lt;/em&gt;, que nos ha dado en español “tocar”. ¿Existía la acepción de “perturbar” o “afectar” en el término latín, lo cual explicaría por qué las expresiones “tocado [de la cabeza]” y &lt;em&gt;touched [in the head]&lt;/em&gt; significan ambas “loco”?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ambas expresiones aparecieron en momentos sorprendentemente cercanos en el tiempo (1650 y 1700, aproximadamente). ¿Existe algún motivo lingüístico/etimológico (por ejemplo, la aparición de la expresión en un idioma habría permitido su exportación al otro), o se trata tan solo de un artefacto metodológico (por ejemplo, los motores de búsqueda suelen tener un número relativamente escaso de obras anteriores a 1500)? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: En ambos casos, el agente aparece introducido por la preposición “de” en lugar de “por”. Curiosamente, en italiano el agente va siempre introducido por &lt;em&gt;da&lt;/em&gt;, y en francés puede ir introducido por &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; en algunos casos aunque la preposición más usual es &lt;em&gt;par&lt;/em&gt;. Es plausible pensar que antiguamente el complemento de agente iba introducido por “de” aunque ahora esta forma ya haya quedado obsoleta (haré una pregunta al respecto en breve). En cualquier caso, es seguro interpretarla como “por” aquí.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T14:21:24.837" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;tocado [de la cabeza]&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16564" CreationDate="2016-04-29T17:11:15.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to summarise the discussion in comments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We agreed that the writer of the subtitles meant to write &lt;em&gt;rayos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The remaining issue is the thorny question of how you translate obscenities from one language into another bearing in mind the context, the person who said it, the audience and so on. The exclamation 'shit!' is used for disappointment or surprise or a mixture of both. It seems to have lost some of its force over the years and although most careful speakers would not use it in front of children or in a formal setting. Just what the Spanish equivalent is I will leave to the Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T18:34:16.307" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T18:34:16.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-29T17:14:48.223" Score="1" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi entender Hernán, Hernando y Fernando son el mismo nombre. Puede que me equivoque, pero da igual. El conquistador Hernán Cortés siempre firmó sus cartas a la rey de España como Hernando. ¿Por qué hoy día se le refiere a él como Hernán y no Hernando? Me parece curioso, ya que éste era evidentemente su preferencia personal.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12533" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T22:15:06.500" Title="¿Por qué Hernán en lugar de Hernando?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-05-02T07:39:30.607" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16582" CreationDate="2016-04-29T18:00:24.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a question primarily about verb tenses, so let's see what we have, only in those cases where there have been any trouble (with the tense by its Spanish name):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempo pasado imperfecto (modo indicativo):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I walked = Caminaba&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiempo pasado indefinido (modo indicativo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I walked = Caminé&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English language doesn't differentiate between these two forms of past tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasado imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;: An event from the past, that wasn't finished.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasado indefinido&lt;/strong&gt;: An event from the past, that was finished.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempo condicional perfecto (modo indicativo):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I would have walked = Yo habría caminado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A complex tense, that tells about something that could have happened IF something else had occurred:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo habría caminado, si no hubiese caído nieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempo futuro perfecto (modo indicativo):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I will have walked = Yo habré caminado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another complex tense, that tells about a fact that will happen in the future AFTER something else has happened:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo habré caminado hasta mi casa cuando tú me llames.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is also used to tell about a guess (assumption) related to something for what we don't have all the information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;mdash; ¿Sabes por qué él no ha devuelto el libro?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;mdash; Habrá tenido algún inconveniente en el camino, creo yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="49" LastEditDate="2016-05-01T15:53:55.723" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T15:53:55.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16582" CreationDate="2016-04-29T18:03:45.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Caminaré = I will walk (at some unspecified time in the future, a prediction)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Camino mañana = I will walk tomorrow (the present tense is used when the time is made explicit: Te llamo esta noche = I will call you tonight.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B. The future in Spanish, unlike English, is often used to express conjecture or probablity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde estará mi hermano? =  I wonder where my brother is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;te llamaré esta noche&lt;/em&gt;, while still &quot;correct&quot;, may also express &lt;em&gt;I wonder if I will call you tonight?&lt;/em&gt;  In fact, this is precisely how you express &quot;I wonder&quot; in Spanish.  Similarly, if it's about some past event, you use the conditional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde estaría mi hermano? = I wonder where my brother was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, we don't do this in Enlish, so it's worth getting a good grasp of the Spanish usage now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also why it's perhaps better to forget the future (except to express probability as indicated above) and use &lt;em&gt;ir + infinitive&lt;/em&gt; instead: &lt;em&gt;voy a caminar&lt;/em&gt;, etc. This is the most common way to express English's simple future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quería caminar/caminaba = I wanted to walk (and may still want to or may not have walked/I walked, was walking, and may still be). Completion is not implied.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quise caminar/caminé = I wanted to walk (and did walk at some (usually) specified time, or couldn´t walk, or wanted to but now longer want to/ ditto, I walked, done deal, completion implied.) Note the difference in the verb &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; below, depending on the tense.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No quería caminar = I didn´t want to walk (but may have).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No quise caminar = I refused to walk (and didn't).  Interesting, eh?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Caminaba = I walked/was walking (and kept walking or may still be)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Caminé ayer = I walked yesterday (and now I'm resting)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope some of this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12533" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T20:29:51.983" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T20:29:51.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16585" CreationDate="2016-04-29T20:02:44.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original name is &lt;em&gt;Frithunanths&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Ferdinanths&lt;/em&gt; and is a Northern European name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, se habría iniciado la hispanización con algo como &lt;em&gt;Ferdinand&lt;/em&gt;. Como no concordaba con las normas fonológicas del castellano, adoptose a ellas. La primera manera de hacerlo es simplificar el grupo consonante &lt;em&gt;-nd&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;. La segunda es añadir una vocal epentética &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; que rompe el grupo en dos sílabas. Ambas evidentemente perdieron la &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; y redujeron el grupo &lt;em&gt;-rnd-&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;-rn&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que también en el castellano, a diferencia de las demás lenguas románicas ibéricas, la &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; inicial iba perdiéndose, siendo solo consonante aspirante (como la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; que predomina en la América hispanohablante), que al final se escribía con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; — de ahí, como toda &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; perdiose su sonido completamente excepto en algunas regiones pequeñas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por alguna razón u otra, se ha conservado no solo ambas adaptaciones, sino también la versión con la &lt;em&gt;f-&lt;/em&gt; y la que carece de ella, por lo que hay cuatro variantes hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El porqué de llamar a alguna figura histórica uno u otro es una pregunta que se tendría que dirigir a cada autor sobre sus preferencias personales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T22:15:06.500" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T22:15:06.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16589" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16590" CreationDate="2016-04-30T02:29:15.953" Score="2" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we make the distinction between &quot;fish&quot; and &quot;fishes.&quot;  Does that same distinction exist between the Spanish words &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pescado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pescados&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot;  If not, which of the following sounds more &quot;natural&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Come pescado,&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Come pescados,&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or is it dependent on the situation (other than what exists in English)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-04-30T03:12:38.930" Title="What is the difference between &quot;pescado&quot; and &quot;pescados?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16589" CreationDate="2016-04-30T03:12:38.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pescado&lt;/em&gt; can be uncountable referring to a general foodstuff:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comí pescado hoy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it can also be used as a countable referring to a single (caught) fish, in which case it can needs to be pluralized if more than one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comí solo un pescado hoy.&#xA;  ¿Te crees? ¡Comí diez pescados hoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, fish is invariable be it countable or uncountable. It only has a variable form in the plural to refer to types of fish (e.g. &lt;em&gt;bass and trout are freshwater fishes&lt;/em&gt;). In Spanish, you would still use the plural form, or to emphasize the typification shown in  English, one could say &lt;em&gt;tipos/clases/especies de pescado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-04-30T03:12:38.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16592" CreationDate="2016-04-30T11:03:40.247" Score="4" ViewCount="2156" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;taking it easy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;just chilling&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; could be popular replies to the question &quot;What have you been doing?&quot;. In Swedish &quot;ta det lugnt&quot; is a nice expression for the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a fluent Spanish idiom for this? Colloquial and local slang versions also very welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just something like &quot;relajando&quot;? Google Translate suggested &quot;tirarse a la bartola&quot;, but I don't think I've ever heard that anywhere. Would you use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2016-05-01T18:18:27.383" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T19:17:16.257" Title="&quot;Taking it easy&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16591" CreationDate="2016-04-30T11:31:56.953" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say &lt;em&gt;tomárselo con calma/ tranquilidad&lt;/em&gt;, although it generally refers to how you embark on a new project or face a task: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have to write a paper, but since the deadline is in two weeks I'm taking it easy = Tengo que redactar un trabajo, pero como la fecha de entrega es en dos semanas me lo voy a &lt;em&gt;tomar con tranquilidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[More examples &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/tom%C3%A1rselo+con+tranquilidad.html&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sense of &quot;just chilling&quot; &lt;em&gt;tumbarse a la bartola&lt;/em&gt; (or also &lt;em&gt;tirarse a la bartola&lt;/em&gt;) is indeed widely used (in Spain, at least) but it generally has negative connotations, as in being a loafer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás todo el día &lt;em&gt;tumbado/a a la bartola&lt;/em&gt; sin hacer nada. A ver si te buscas un trabajo ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In case you're interested, the expression &quot;tumbarse a la bartola&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t1481/el-origen-de-la-expresion-tumbarse-a-la-bartola&quot;&gt;is said to&lt;/a&gt; find its origin in &lt;em&gt;San Bartolomé&lt;/em&gt; day, on August 24, a day devoted to party and chill time when the season of the harvest was finally over.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some expressions with neutral or positive connotations are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relajarse (relaxing, chilling). You proposed &lt;em&gt;relajando&lt;/em&gt;. Note, however, that the pronoun (me/te/se/nos/os) is mandatory here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué haces?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nada, relajándo&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; un rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pasar el rato (lit. letting time pass by, not doing anything in particular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué haces?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nada, pasando el rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-04-30T11:49:06.420" LastActivityDate="2016-04-30T11:49:06.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-30T16:25:50.090" Score="2" ViewCount="780" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es la frase en negrita una oración causal o final? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decía que los gallos estaban malditos porque se habían prestado &lt;strong&gt;para que a Cristo lo negaran tres veces&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12408" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T09:02:10.520" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:25:07.000" Title="¿Oración causal o final?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16593" CreationDate="2016-04-30T20:12:57.037" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los gallos estaban malditos &lt;strong&gt;porque se habían prestado para que negaran tres veces a Cristo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la oración en negrita es &lt;strong&gt;causal&lt;/strong&gt;, pues &quot;&lt;em&gt;haberse prestado para eso&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es la causa o razón de la maldición de los gallos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ésa no es tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Los gallos) se habían prestado &lt;strong&gt;para que negaran tres veces a Cristo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la oración en negrita es &lt;strong&gt;final&lt;/strong&gt; porque &quot;&lt;em&gt;negar a Cristo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es la finalidad, objetivo o meta que tuvieron los gallos al haberse prestado. La mejor palabra en realidad es &lt;em&gt;propósito&lt;/em&gt;, como comentó Ustanak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay tres oraciones una dentro de otra, por eso puede ser un poco confuso, pero la oración que tú marcas es en definitiva &lt;strong&gt;final&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-01T14:24:26.783" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T14:24:26.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16597" CreationDate="2016-05-01T05:32:43.447" Score="4" ViewCount="3467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see this question asked quite a bit in other places and have yet to see an answer that is thorough and definitive.  I've been impressed with the Spanish Language StackExchange, so I thought I'd post it here to see if someone can answer it a bit more comprehensively and/or definitively.  Any notes on correct/incorrect ways to use these phrases are also appreciated, especially any &quot;common mistakes&quot; beginners might make with these.  Gracias in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T05:20:34.360" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T05:20:34.360" Title="Is there any difference in meaning between &quot;yo tampoco,&quot; &quot;ni yo,&quot; and &quot;ni yo tampoco?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16595" CreationDate="2016-05-01T09:35:50.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;yo tampoco&quot; is commonly used as an answer to a statement another person did, ie.: P1 - &quot;Yo no quiero ir al cine&quot; P2 - &quot;Yo tampoco&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ni yo&quot; the &quot;ni&quot; is commonly used to list things you don't have or want to do ie.: P1 - &quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; tengo un perro ni un gato&quot; P2- &quot;Yo tampoco&quot; although you could say &quot;ni yo&quot; it doesn't sound so natural for me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ni yo tampoco&quot; I would never say this&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12545" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T09:35:50.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16595" CreationDate="2016-05-01T11:01:08.827" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some differences between &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;. An important one is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni = (Not) even&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo ni mirarte después de lo que hiciste = I can't even look at you after what you did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni mirarte puedo después de lo que hiciste = I can't even look at you after what you did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tampoco = (n)either&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni lo habíamos considerado = We hadn't even considered it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco lo habíamos considerado = We hadn't considered it either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tampoco&lt;/em&gt; can be applied to either Noun Phrases or Verb Phrases: in &lt;em&gt;Juan tampoco compró las entradas&lt;/em&gt;, the most common interpretation is that Juan didn't do several things, among which was buying the tickets. That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Juan] [tampoco compró las entradas] ⇒ &lt;em&gt;Tampoco&lt;/em&gt; applies to the VP &lt;em&gt;compró las entradas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Tampoco Juan compró las entradas&lt;/em&gt;, one can deduce that there were several people that didn't buy the tickets, among which was Juan. That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Tampoco Juan] [compró las entradas] ⇒ &lt;em&gt;Tampoco&lt;/em&gt; applies to the NP &lt;em&gt;Juan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;: in &lt;em&gt;Juan ni compró las entradas&lt;/em&gt;, Juan didn't do several things, not even buying the tickets. In &lt;em&gt;Ni Juan compró las entradas&lt;/em&gt;, several people didn't buy the tickets, not even Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; has other meanings besides &lt;em&gt;(not) even&lt;/em&gt;. It can also mean &lt;em&gt;(n)either&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;(n)either... (n)or...&lt;/em&gt; when it's duplicated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No llamará (ni) el lunes ni el martes = [S]he will call neither on Monday nor on Tuesday.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ni Juan ni Sofía van a venir mañana = Neither Juan nor Sofía are coming tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What about Ni yo/Yo tampoco?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; can only apply to a Noun Phrase, so the only possible deduction is that there were other people who didn't do something besides you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: No he ido al centro esta semana.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: Ni yo / Yo tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, A hasn't gone downtown, and neither has B, and &lt;strong&gt;both sentences mean the same thing.&lt;/strong&gt; There’s a third option: &lt;em&gt;ni yo tampoco&lt;/em&gt;, which combines the previous two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How does “Ni tampoco” work?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Ni tampoco” is used in negative polarity environments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni quiero que me ayudes, ni tampoco quiero tus consejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Ni tampoco” can’t be used to mean “not even”, and is more emphatic than just “tampoco”. “Ni tampoco” is the negative counterpart of “y también”, and as such it is used as the second term of an enumeration; if there’s only one item you can say “no… tampoco”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que me ayudes. No quiero tus consejos tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some grammarians consider that “tampoco” must agree anaphorically with the polarity of the verb, so to speak: that is, since “tampoco” is negative, the verb must be in negative too. That makes both of the following sentences incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que me ayudes. Quiero tus consejos tampoco. [“quiero” is affirmative and “tampoco” is negative so they disagree].&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No quiero que me ayudes. No tampoco quiero tus consejos. [“Tampoco” already makes the verb negative, so “no” is redundant].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interesting thing is that, whilst “no tampoco quiero tus consejos” is incorrect, “ni tampoco quiero tus consejos” is not. Arguably, the “no” component of “ni” is redundant, so “y tampoco” should be the correct option, but for some reason both options are okay, provided you don’t use a “ni” before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero que me ayudes, y tampoco quiero tus consejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a fourth option added to the three you already mentioned is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y yo tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, “ni yo tampoco” is rare, and “y yo tampoco” even rarer, so I don’t recommend using the first one except when you want to be emphatic, and just never use the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;NOTE: some example sentences were taken from the NGLE. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T11:01:08.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16598" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-01T17:30:30.140" Score="1" ViewCount="587" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am mostly confused about when to use le or les and gusta or gustan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12507" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T18:59:18.780" Title="How does one properly use the verb gustar?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-02T07:39:44.577" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16591" CreationDate="2016-05-01T17:43:26.333" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia &quot;taking it easy&quot; and &quot;just chilling&quot;, both expressions mean the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí, pasándola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nada, fresco, ...   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo bien...   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nada hermano, pasándola...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gozándola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A - ¿Qué haces?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B - Aquí pasándola...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A - ¿Cómo estás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B - Bien, fresco, todo bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A - ¿Cómo estás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B - Bien, aquí gozándola...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of variations, local variations, due to the Colombia's overwhelming diversity,  however I'm from and live in Bogota, and try to use less &quot;coloured&quot; or &quot;flavoured&quot; Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;take it easy&quot; and FYI, means something different,  it's an invitation to calm down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T19:17:16.257" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T19:17:16.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16598" CreationDate="2016-05-01T18:59:18.780" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whe you say &lt;code&gt;¿gustan chocolate?&lt;/code&gt; you are offering chocolat&#xA;When you say &lt;code&gt;a ellos les gustan las fiestas&lt;/code&gt; you are explaining that they like to party. It depends of the context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12547" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T18:59:18.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2016-05-02T07:33:47.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Huésped&lt;/strong&gt;, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlgOxXW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, es:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona alojada en casa ajena.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;   Persona que hospeda en su casa a otra.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated: &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guest&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Host&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T07:33:47.207" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-02T07:33:47.207" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16604" CreationDate="2016-05-02T13:38:44.413" Score="3" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching Airport Security Colombia, and sharp objects were mentioned (I know that because of the subtitles).&#xA;They said something like &quot;cortopozantes&quot;, but I can't find anything like that on Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T16:27:15.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T20:10:02.267" Title="How do you say &quot;sharp objects&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16602" CreationDate="2016-05-02T14:09:31.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se dice objetos punzocortantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabra compuesta. Punzante es &lt;em&gt;pricking&lt;/em&gt;. Cortante es &lt;em&gt;cutting&lt;/em&gt;. Al combinarse las palabras se convierte en punzocortante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T16:24:22.340" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T16:24:22.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16602" CreationDate="2016-05-02T14:14:59.287" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word you heard is &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=cortopunzante&quot;&gt;cortopunzante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and is used in some South American countries. There is also the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UgtD4Tc&quot;&gt;punzocortante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which is mostly used in Central American countries and Mexico, as reflected by the official RAE dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iberia.com/es/equipajes/articulos-peligrosos/&quot;&gt;Iberia&lt;/a&gt; site lists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Armas u objetos punzantes o con aristas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(arms, sharp pointed objects or with edges).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aireuropa.com/es/vuelos/seguridad#objetos-prohibidos&quot;&gt;AirEuropa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Objetos Punzantes o Cortantes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(sharp pointed or cutting objects).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that these are more or less technical terms used in legal, medical, or police jargon. A general term for &lt;em&gt;sharp object&lt;/em&gt; would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Objeto con filo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T14:33:57.380" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T14:33:57.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-02T14:45:53.917" Score="3" ViewCount="1062" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay que reemplazar la &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; por la &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; previo a abreviaturas que fonéticamente comienzan con e, pero cuya palabra no necesariamente lo es? Aquí les va un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfermedades del tejido conectivo e Hipertensión Pulmonar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfermedades del tejido e HP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que solo se nombra en el texto hipertensión pulmonar (HP) una vez y luego sólo abreviado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias y muy buena la página!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12551" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T08:39:08.483" Title="Reemplazo de 'y' por 'e' previo a abreviatura" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16605" CreationDate="2016-05-02T15:08:59.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usa &lt;code&gt;e HP&lt;/code&gt; aquí sin duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Razón: En ningún caso nadie va a decir &lt;code&gt;Hache pe&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;code&gt;hipertensión pulmonar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T15:08:59.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16593" CreationDate="2016-05-02T18:25:07.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como complemento de la respuesta de Rodrigo, se puede establecer el siguiente análisis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Decía&#xA;|    que&#xA;|    los gallos estaban malditos&#xA;|    |    porque&#xA;|    |    se habían prestado&#xA;|    |    |    para que&#xA;|    |    |    a Cristo lo negaran tres veces.&#xA;|    |    |    |&#xA;|    |    |    (finalidad u objetivo de lo que expresa la oración anterior)&#xA;|    |    (causa de lo que expresa la oración anterior)&#xA;|    (el mensaje que es dicho por el sujeto principal)&#xA;(el verbo principal, con un sujeto tácito)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante notar el rol que juegan las conjunciones, que en el cuadro anterior fueron dejadas en una línea propia. Cada una de las cuatro oraciones anteriores son oraciones propiamente tales, cuyo período c/r a las anteriores está marcado por las conjunciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él decía&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los gallos estaban malditos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los gallos se habían prestado (para algo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ellos negaran tres veces a cristo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:25:07.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16602" CreationDate="2016-05-02T20:10:02.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also say &quot;objetos filosos&quot; for sharp objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12557" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T20:10:02.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-02T20:31:55.317" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde puedo cambiar dólares?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué no se escribe: ¿Dónde puedo cambiar &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; dólares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T20:42:15.303" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T20:42:15.303" Title="¿Cuándo es necesario/posible no usar los artículos?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-03T06:47:08.730" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16610" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16611" CreationDate="2016-05-02T21:14:03.897" Score="6" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo un cuento para mi clase de español. Mi cuento es sobre un pingüino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would this be translated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He is a good skier, but not that good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use not that good to state how he is not good enough to ski off of a huge mountain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T21:49:50.227" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T21:29:31.327" Title="Translating &quot;not that good&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16610" CreationDate="2016-05-02T21:51:26.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es un buen esquiador, pero no tan bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es buen esquiador, pero no tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es buen esquiador, pero le falta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres incluir en la misma frase la parte referente a la gran montaña puedes usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es buen esquiador pero no tan bueno como para esquiar en una gran montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es buen esquiador pero no tanto como para esquiar en una gran montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es buen esquiador pero le falta experiencia/talento/valor/entrenamiento/nivel como para esquiar en una gran montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él es bastante bueno esquiando, pero no tan bueno como para esquiar en una gran montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T13:28:18.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16610" CreationDate="2016-05-02T23:51:05.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say, &quot;Él es &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; buen esquiador, pero no &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; bueno.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation would be: He is a &quot;pretty good&quot; skier but not &quot;great.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="36" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T13:34:51.783" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T13:34:51.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16616" CreationDate="2016-05-03T00:27:50.840" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would the following two verb sentences be translating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The team started to get sad after getting scored on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been looking online using translators and have not found a common answer for these types of translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="12361" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T00:34:37.797" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T02:00:34.293" Title="Translating Double Verbs" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16613" CreationDate="2016-05-03T01:41:54.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There could be several translations. Here some alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El equipo comenzó a estar/ponerse triste después de que les anotaran&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La moral del equipo bajó después de que les anotaran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T01:41:54.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16615" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T01:52:36.123" Score="2" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need a concise way to say &quot;viewing party&quot;. It needs to be clear that it's about having a bunch of friends over to your house to watch a soccer game.&#xA;The phrase is:&#xA;&quot;the elements of a perfect viewing party.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12561" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T17:09:11.550" Title="How does one say &quot;viewing party&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16613" CreationDate="2016-05-03T02:00:34.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Translating from English is not that easy since we mostly invoke the subjunctive mood mostly everytime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El equipo empezó a &lt;strong&gt;ponerse triste&lt;/strong&gt; después de que les anotaran.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;... a &lt;strong&gt;entristecerse&lt;/strong&gt; después de que les anotaran.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, &lt;em&gt;get + adjective&lt;/em&gt; invokes &lt;em&gt;ponerse + adjetivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note if we don't consider it a hypothetical situation, we use the indicative &lt;em&gt;anotaron&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;anotaran.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T02:00:34.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16615" CreationDate="2016-05-03T06:48:21.637" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las claves para ver un partido de fútbol con los amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T06:48:21.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T12:50:39.517" Score="2" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias expresiones en las que se incluye la palabra &lt;strong&gt;efecto&lt;/strong&gt; en las que se entiende que un &quot;efecto&quot; es algo producido por una causa. Por ejemplo &quot;efecto invernadero&quot; o &quot;efecto dominó&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me cuesta entender por qué se llaman &lt;strong&gt;efectos especiales&lt;/strong&gt; los trucos computacionales o de tramoya que se usan en el cine. ¿Es &quot;la misma&quot; palabra &lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt; o tiene otro origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T18:04:43.037" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;efectos especiales&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T13:23:37.630" Score="2" ViewCount="5086" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si sea correcto, pero le he escuchado a mucha gente (e inconscientemente es la primera pronunciación que se me ocurre cuando pienso en la palabra) la pronunciación de &lt;em&gt;hiede&lt;/em&gt; con una &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; sonora (aspirada, como la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; del inglés). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas las fuentes de pronunciación que tengo me dan sólo el verbo en infinitivo. ¿Cuál es la pronunciación oficial y, en caso de que &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; sea sonora, a qué se debe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-16T14:07:16.273" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T04:28:03.527" Title="¿Es correcto pronunciar &quot;hiede&quot; con una h sonora?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16619" CreationDate="2016-05-03T14:29:42.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JutD8qE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DRAE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... en la lengua estándar actual [la &quot;h&quot;] &lt;strong&gt;no representa sonido alguno&lt;/strong&gt;, si bien se aspira en determinadas voces de origen extranjero, como &lt;em&gt;hámster&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dírham&lt;/em&gt;, y en algunas zonas españolas y americanas como rasgo dialectal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge, además, que aunque no es usual pronunciar &quot;h&quot; aspirada, sí muchos dialectos suelan pronunciar &quot;hie-&quot; inicial como &quot;ye-&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;El grupo &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en posición inicial de palabra seguido de una e tónica se pronuncia normalmente como el &lt;strong&gt;sonido palatal sonoro /y/&lt;/strong&gt; ... salvo detrás de pausa o de palabra que termina en vocal, en que &lt;strong&gt;la pronunciación oscila entre [ié] y [yé]&lt;/strong&gt;; así, es normal que palabras como &lt;em&gt;hierro, hielo, hierba, hiedra&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncien [yérro, yélo, yérba, yédra]...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T10:47:15.123" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T10:47:15.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16615" CreationDate="2016-05-03T17:09:11.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no such translation for &quot;viewing party&quot; in spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must be more precise at what will you be watching. If it's a soccer game, then you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;fiesta para ver el partido de fútbol&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - party to watch the soccer match&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T17:09:11.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16331" CreationDate="2016-05-04T01:28:46.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually it depends on what they were doing at the exact moment you met them. The difference is what happens when: &lt;em&gt;Estuvieron&lt;/em&gt; means that it happened continuously over a certain amount of time whereas &lt;em&gt;estaban&lt;/em&gt; means that at a certain point in time it happened but is not happening anymore. Below I give you some hints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they were still talking at the exact moment you are referring you should say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui al aeropuerto esta tarde. El hombre y la mujer estaban hablando&#xA;  sobre algo. Hablaban sobre lo mucho que les gusta el queso. ¡Me&#xA;  encanta el queso!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the man and the woman were talking during some time after you met them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui al aeropuerto esta tarde. El hombre y la mujer estuvieron hablando&#xA;  sobre algo. Hablaban sobre lo mucho que les gusta el queso. ¡Me&#xA;  encanta el queso!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if the man and the woman stopped talking before I saw them we could use either form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui al aeropuerto esta tarde. El hombre me comentó que la mujer y él&#xA;  estuvieron hablando ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui al aeropuerto esta tarde. Un transeúnte me comentó que el hombre y&#xA;  la mujer estaban hablando...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fui al aeropuerto esta tarde. La mujer me contó que ella hablaba con&#xA;  el hombre sobre lo mucho que les gustaba...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, it all depends on you time reference. If you are writing, you should add more information about what they were doing and when. If you are talking and someone has a question about what you mean, they will ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T08:26:14.023" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T08:26:14.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16625" CreationDate="2016-05-04T01:52:47.000" Score="1" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;To return is &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt;. I have heard that when there is a stress on &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;, it caves in and it turns into &lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;. For instance &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; become qu&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;ro because at present tense the penultimate syllable is stressed and it should have been qu&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ro but the &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; part caves in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why doesn't this happen in the case of &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt;. You would think it should have become &lt;em&gt;regrieso&lt;/em&gt; but it is in fact &lt;em&gt;regreso&lt;/em&gt;. Can anyone explain why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12574" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T11:08:06.167" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T18:57:12.957" Title="Why &quot;regreso&quot; and not &quot;regrieso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16624" CreationDate="2016-05-04T10:18:32.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;e → ie&lt;/em&gt; change is something that happens with what in Latin was a short &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; (same for &lt;em&gt;o-&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt; and short &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;). Long &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; doesn't change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a hard and fast rule, however. Spanish tended to regularize more such words than, say, Asturian or Mirandese, which also underwent similar changes. So even though we might expect &lt;em&gt;-gresar&lt;/em&gt; verbs to change because in Latin that &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; was short, for some reason, they don't (and in fact, they don't in Mirandese or Asturian either – so perhaps something happened in late Iberian Latin to explain it, but I'm not a Latinist)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T18:57:12.957" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T18:57:12.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-04T23:49:43.570" Score="2" ViewCount="12223" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a camellar mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me dijo que ese verbo era algo sexual y él era de Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T20:10:18.157" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T20:52:28.497" Title="Significados del verbo &quot;camellar&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16626" CreationDate="2016-05-05T15:19:47.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;Camellar&lt;/em&gt; y el sustantivo &amp;quot;Camello&amp;quot; son bastante comunes en Colombia y significan &amp;quot;Trabajar&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;Trabajo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tienen absolutamente ningún significado sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo puedes escuchar en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a camellar = voy a trabajar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy para el camello = voy para el trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que camello tan verraco = que trabajo tan duro (verraco es otro Colombianismo algunas veces escrito berraco {hay largas discusiones al respecto})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo va el camello? = ¿Cómo va tu trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estés en Colombia o hables con un Colombiano en una conversación informal, lo puedes usar sin ningún temor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T15:19:47.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4305" CreationDate="2016-05-05T15:28:10.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish isn't that good, probably low intermediate at best, but I've been speaking English all my life, and though I don't have an English degree, I've addressed the English portion of your question a couple of times outside of this forum, so I'll attempt to answer that portion of your question here now.  In fact, why recreate the wheel, I'll just paste what I've already written below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am familiar with the rule about adding a comma before a conjunction in a compound sentence, but, at least in American English, the rule is optional when the independent clauses of the compound sentence are short. So that you don't have to take my word for it, I have included an excerpt from a book titled, &lt;em&gt;The Best Punctuation Book, Period: A Comprehensive Guide for Every Writer, Editor, Student, and Businessperson&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;When independent clauses joined by a conjunction are short and clear, the writer has the option of not using a comma.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;    Examples given are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;p&gt;&quot;Jane likes pizza and she also likes pasta.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &quot;You could stay or you could go.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &quot;I walked there but I ran home.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &quot;Vegetables are packed with vitamins and that's important.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      &quot;Pack your things and go.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T15:28:10.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16635" CreationDate="2016-05-05T18:36:36.127" Score="2" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede considerar la parte en negrita como una oración concesiva? ¿o es solo una construcción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él ocupaba la primera parte, que era la más útil y mejor conservada, &lt;strong&gt;aunque también la más pequeña&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12589" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T21:04:37.863" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T13:57:06.113" Title="Identificar una oración concesiva" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16632" CreationDate="2016-05-06T00:04:29.557" Score="1" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Distancia desde Chicago a Nueva York es de 1500 kilómetros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Distancia de Chicago a Nueva York es de 1500 km.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Distancia entre Chicago y Nueva York es de 1500 km.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these 3 sentences exactly the same or they have different meanings?&#xA;Can I use them interchangeably? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12241" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T06:06:49.973" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T06:06:49.973" Title="Distancia desde Chicago a Nueva York VS. Distancia entre Chicago y Nueva York" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16631" CreationDate="2016-05-06T01:25:59.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Cmy8XSZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;desde&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, according to the RAE dictionary, is used to indicate the staring point of a spacial or temporal distance. The word &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K2iXUid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hasta&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is used to indicate the ending point. In this context, the words &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtDkacL%7CBtFYznp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=002rZ9U%7C003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a&lt;/a&gt;&quot; are synonyms to &quot;desde&quot; and &quot;hasta&quot;. However, we usually use the words in the pairs &quot;desde...hasta...&quot; and &quot;de...a...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;entre&quot; means the same as the English word &quot;between&quot;. In English, we can say &quot;the distance from A to B&quot;, or &quot;the distance between A and B&quot;. The same is true in Spanish. They both refer to the same distance. The only difference is that &quot;desde A hasta B&quot; or &quot;de A hasta B&quot; imply that A is the starting point and B is the ending point, whereas &quot;entre A y B&quot; does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T01:25:59.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4004" CreationDate="2016-05-06T04:22:13.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;regalar&quot; es muy difundida en Colombia (por mi experiencia más que todo en Bogotá) y equivale a pedir el favor o hacer una amable solicitud de un producto o servicio que (obviamente) será pagado, sin implicar una donación o regalo literalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto el significado sería:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;por favor elaborar la cotización con las sillas más económicas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Extra:&lt;/em&gt; la redacción de la persona es un tanto confusa, pienso que realmente quiso escribir algo así: me gustaría que por favor me regalaran &lt;strong&gt;una cotización&lt;/strong&gt; con las &lt;strong&gt;sillas&lt;/strong&gt; más económicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the word &quot;regalar&quot; (to make a gift) is very popular in Colombia (mainly Bogota) and means to ask the favor or make a formal request of a product / service tht will be (obviously) paid, without implying an actual gift or donation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context it would be:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;please give me a quote with the most inexpensive chairs&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12592" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T11:27:35.953" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T11:27:35.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2016-05-06T11:13:00.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Cambio de tema&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es un término muy común que puede intercambiarse perfectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me permites el cambio de tema, Bla bla bla, bla bla bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12594" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T11:17:30.653" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T11:17:30.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16630" CreationDate="2016-05-06T13:57:06.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es una oración concesiva, aunque no lo parece porque varios de sus elementos no se dicen explícitamente (el sujeto y el verbo están &lt;em&gt;elididos&lt;/em&gt;). Pero la puedes expandir así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque también la más pequeña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque [la primera parte] también [era] la más pequeña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;aunque&lt;/strong&gt; es un &amp;quot;pegamento&amp;quot; sintáctico que &lt;em&gt;coordina&lt;/em&gt; dos oraciones y además indica que la segunda oración expresa una dificultad que no impide que la primera se cumpla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la primera parte era &lt;strong&gt;la más útil&lt;/strong&gt; y la mejor conservada ==&amp;gt; esto es lo que se cumple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la primera parte era también &lt;strong&gt;la más pequeña&lt;/strong&gt;  ==&amp;gt; ésta es la dificultad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser &lt;em&gt;pequeño&lt;/em&gt; es un obstáculo para que un lugar sea &lt;em&gt;útil&lt;/em&gt;, y en este caso ese obstáculo se sortea, y el lugar sigue siendo útil a pesar de lo pequeño. En eso consiste que una oración sea &lt;em&gt;concesiva&lt;/em&gt;, y para eso se usan las conjunciones &lt;em&gt;pese a, a pesar de, aunque y por más que&lt;/em&gt; (y a veces &lt;em&gt;si bien&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;no obstante&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El análisis es más complicado, porque en realidad hay una oración principal de la que dependen dos oraciones subordinadas adjetivas que están coordinadas, aunque eso no creo que sea relevante para tu pregunta. Lo pongo por si te resulta útil a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Él | ocupaba la primera parte que era la más pequeña aunque también la más útil&#xA;S  |   P&#xA;   |&#xA;     ocupaba | la primera parte que era la más pequeña aunque también la más útil&#xA;      verbo  |    complemento directo&#xA;             |&#xA;             &#xA;          la primera parte    que   era la más pequeña  aunque  también la más útil&#xA;          art. adj.    N     pron. |                  |        |                   |&#xA;                      sust.   rel. └──────────────────┘  conj. └───────────────────┘&#xA;                                    orac. subord. adj.           orac. subord. adj.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T13:57:06.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16398" CreationDate="2016-05-06T14:13:44.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I having spanish as mother languange I think this sentence has a very ironic meaning but anyway, is not the Bible full with those?. If you are considering the literal translation for &lt;strong&gt;Acaso Dios es el acaso&lt;/strong&gt; then &lt;strong&gt;Is God perhaps &quot;the maybe&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; is the best answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a more common use &lt;strong&gt;Is God by any chance &quot;the maybe&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; will fit perfectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @mdewey mentioned before &lt;em&gt;Google Translator&lt;/em&gt; is considering the second &lt;strong&gt;acaso (perhaps)&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;acoso (harassment)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12596" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:13:44.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16583" CreationDate="2016-05-06T19:46:37.023" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado investigando tu pregunta, y no he encontrado mucha información, pero lo que sí que he encontrado es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tocar &lt;em&gt;no viene del latín,&lt;/em&gt; sino de la onomatopeya &lt;em&gt;toc toc&lt;/em&gt; -Según la RAE-. Según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/toccare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WIktionary&lt;/a&gt;, se piensa que el verbo en latín pudiera ser toccare, pero no hay evidencias de eso y se trata de una reconstrucción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Dicho esto, en mi opinión simplemente se trata de un aumento del significado de la palabra. Según la RAE, la definición número 10 de esa palabra es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Alterar el estado o condición de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Creo que este es el significado que toma el verbo en estos casos, y está relacionado con cómo al &quot;tocar&quot; algo, lo estás modificando: ya no es igual que antes de tocarlo. Por supuesto esto sólo son conjeturas, y no he encontrado evidencia que soporte esto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto si podría estar relacionado con el verbo Francés toquer que significa &quot;golpear&quot;, &quot;atacar&quot;. Echa un vistazo a la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Touche&lt;/a&gt; también, que viene del francés, se refiere a la esgrima, y que  curiosamente empezó a aparecer en el año XVII también. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Touché: La expresión probablemente viene de los primeros duelos,&#xA;  comunes en el siglo XVII: durante el duelo, tocar al opositor con la&#xA;  punta desto pasaba el perdedor podía reconocer la derrota gritando&#xA;  «tocado» y entonces el encuentro terminaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12588" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T10:56:20.923" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T10:56:20.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16253" CreationDate="2016-05-07T14:22:24.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posibilidad es que la expresión derive de San Roque, un santo popular que despierta bastante devoción en España y, por lo tanto, genera tradiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.santopedia.com/santos/san-roque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Santopedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... en algunas zonas de Lleida, tenían a San Roque por patrón contra la gandulería. Hace muchos años, en el pueblo de Prat de Compte y en otras villas vecinas, los hombres tenían el derecho de poder levantar de la cama a aquellas mujeres que no eran bastante madrugadoras a juicio del vecindado masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez por aquí venga el origen de la expresión. Yo me imagino que al paso del tiempo pudieron generarse dichos como &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer la del día de San Roque&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o similares, que luego se deformaron y confundieron hasta asimilar &quot;roque&quot; a la pereza y al sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es solo una suposición. Lamentablemente no pude encontrar más referencias que den más peso a esta respuesta, así que la dejo como posibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T14:22:24.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16641" CreationDate="2016-05-07T20:56:39.017" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi abuela me dijo que cuando era una chica, siempre ella oyó a las personas mayores hablando castellano y era en el año 1930. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella me dijo que nuestro castellano es mejor que el de Latinoamérica porque la manera en que pronunciamos las palabras es similar a la manera en que lo pronuncian los españoles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto, si es la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T08:37:35.593" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T10:36:01.237" Title="¿Es el castellano filipino similar al castellano de España?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-09T08:40:58.047" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-05-07T23:35:43.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, primero hay que definir lo que se quiere decir con pronunciar «mejor».  La pronunciación es, quizás, la parte más saliente de un dialecto.  Hay que tener en cuenta que un dialecto, regido internamente por ciertas normas, no puede ser ni mejor ni peor que otro — simplemente es &lt;em&gt;diferente&lt;/em&gt; de los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los latinoamericanos no hacen distinción entre la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; por razones históricas que se funden en evoluciones lingüísticas que estaban en puntos diferentes de desarrollo al zarpar los andaluces para las Américas.  No podemos decir que es «peor» esta pronunciación, simplemente es diferente (si bien puede hacer que algunas palabras suenen iguales, raramente se dificulta la comprensión).  E incluso con este sonido de la &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;, el hecho de que las mías se pronuncien apicoalveolarmente (suenan algo como la &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; de inglés sin ser igual) no se considera ni más ni menos correcto que una ese que una puramente alveolar (como la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; de inglés, escúchese la pronunciación mejicana) o, al final de sílabas, a una que se aspira (como la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; de inglés) o incluso que se muda («pronunciándose» por medio de una extensión de la vocal anterior).&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí podemos decir es que &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; de cada dialecto (y a veces, tras todos los dialectos) hay ciertos rasgos que pertenecen a un registro cotidiano, otro culto, y a veces uno esmerado.  Como ejemplo tenemos la &lt;em&gt;D&lt;/em&gt;, que se suele perderse como regla en varios contextos en registros «bajos» (pero es algo sistemático y casi panhispánico).  No obstante, no pertenece a la pronunciación culta en la mayoría de los dialectos y nunca a la esmerada.  El grupo &lt;em&gt;ps&lt;/em&gt; solo se suena la &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; en la esmerada, aunque nadie diría que es incorrecta la falta de &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que no podemos hablar de lo bueno o malo de la pronunciación para los nativos (para los no nativos, es otra cuestión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, escuchemos unos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSC7D5ahyyU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hablantes filipinos nativos&lt;/a&gt; para ver qué hay.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que noto es que hacen clara distinción &lt;em&gt;ll/y&lt;/em&gt; como se hace en algunas zonas andinas y españolas.  Unos, pero no la mayoría, hacen distinción &lt;em&gt;s/z&lt;/em&gt;, que puede ser por existir variantes regionales, tener antepasados nativos de varios dialectos, o por haber estudiado en sitios diferentes.  No parece haber nada único vocálicamente (hay algunos dialectos que reducen el sistema vocálico a tres).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que me suena más a ciertos acentos mejicanos con pronunciación cuidada que a algún acento peninsular.  Si recuerdo bien (y que me corrija alguien si me equivoco), la mayoría de los barcos españoles habrían partido de Méjico al ir a las Filipinas y así que tendría razón tal enlace fonético.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. De hecho, mi &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en una fricativa uvular ante algunos sonidos velares)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T10:36:01.237" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T10:36:01.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2016-05-08T02:56:08.120" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para responder la pregunta, esto se cumple en gran medida para todos los idiomas del planeta Tierra. De no ser así no se podrían escribir en ningún idioma. Lo que sucede es que cada idioma tiene una particular forma de pronunciar sus vocales y vocablos. Además cada estructura u oración no tienen los mismos significados que en el español, depende de la situación y circunstancias de que se hable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si presta un poco de atención a la pronunciación de las vocales en inglés y lo compara con cómo se pronuncia esa vocal dentro de una palabra observará lo cierto de lo que le expongo humildemente en estas líneas. Por ejemplo la vocal '&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;' se pronuncia &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ei&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en inglés, por eso la palabra &quot;día&quot; (&lt;em&gt;day&lt;/em&gt;) se pronuncia &quot;dei&quot;, pero va acompañado de la fonética característica de los habitantes de esa región, por eso sabemos si la está pronunciando un norteamericano, un inglés, un alemán, un latino, un francés etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12603" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:59:26.130" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:59:26.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-08T07:35:17.020" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo quería tanto, que en vez de engañarlo prefirió seguir amándolo &lt;strong&gt;aunque tuviera que hacérselo saber de un modo brutal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué va con el subjuntivo si se trata de un hecho real?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12604" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-08T20:26:38.753" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T20:26:38.753" Title="¿Cómo puedo explicar el uso del subjuntivo en esta frase?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16643" CreationDate="2016-05-08T09:32:23.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, existen dos tipos de concesivas (de la NGLE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las prótasis concesivas se suelen dividir en HIPOTÉTICAS y FACTUALES. Las primeras admiten paráfrasis con 'en el supuesto de que' y las segundas con 'a pesar de que';&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las primeras, en las que &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; equivale aproximadamente a &lt;em&gt;(aun) en el supuesto de que&lt;/em&gt;, se introduce una situación en el momento actual y se afirma que el hecho de que se haga efectiva no impedirá algún otro estado de cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las factuales se describe una situación existente, y se niega que de ella se deduzca alguna otra que pudiera ser lógica o esperable, como en &lt;em&gt;Aunque vive en esta ciudad desde hace treinta años, mantiene el mismo apartamento que alquiló al llegar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las [hipotéticas] se construyen con subjuntivo, como en &lt;em&gt;Aunque insistas, no te hará caso&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que las [factuales] admiten los dos modos, como en &lt;em&gt;Aunque lo (intento — intente) todos los días, nunca consigo hablar con él&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considérense las siguientes frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miguel siempre se quedaba leyendo hasta las tantas, aunque tenía que madrugar al día siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miguel siempre se quedaba leyendo hasta las tantas, aunque tuviera que madrugar al día siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso, el que tenga que madrugar es una realidad que existe independientemente de que lea o no. Esto es, se sabe que tenía que madrugar, pero ello no fue un impedimento para que se quedara leyendo hasta las tantas. En el segundo caso, no se dice explícitamente que tuviera que madrugar; solo se informa que, sea cierto o no que tuviese que madrugar, aun así se quedaba leyendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, si en este caso se hubiese usado el indicativo, esto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo quería tanto que en vez de engañarlo prefirió seguir amándolo, aunque tenía que hacérselo saber de un modo brutal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...se estaría diciendo que &amp;quot;hacérselo saber de un modo brutal&amp;quot; es una obligación o una circunstancia que se da con independencia de la oración principal. El significado deseado es que X va a seguir amando a Y, aun si ello implica tener que hacérselo saber de un modo brutal, y no que X tiene que hacer saber algo a Y de un modo brutal, aunque esto no impide que lo vaya a seguir amando. Por lo tanto, el subjuntivo es el modo apropiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T13:59:34.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16645" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16647" CreationDate="2016-05-08T11:40:08.753" Score="5" ViewCount="373" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed a lack of translation to the English verb allowing &amp;quot;I will&amp;quot; to make sense. I understand how this is an entire tense in the Spanish language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;hablaré&amp;quot; being &amp;quot;I will speak&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;comeré&amp;quot; being &amp;quot;I will eat&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to translate the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Son, can you finish your homework by 6:00&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I will&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T13:44:43.647" Title="Translating &quot;I Will&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16645" CreationDate="2016-05-08T12:02:15.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of ways to express that, but there's no way to directly translate &quot;I will&quot;. Since the son is being asked whether he can finish his homework by 6, he could respond:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, puedo&quot; or &quot;Sí, señor&quot;, or simply &quot;Sí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am always telling my wife: get away from the idea that you have to translate phrases word for word. It's the thought that counts!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12333" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-08T12:03:36.797" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T12:03:36.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16645" CreationDate="2016-05-08T13:44:43.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common ways are to just answer affirmative (&lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;) and either parroting back the same verb (in your case, &lt;em&gt;sí, podré/puedo&lt;/em&gt;) or sometimes using a generic verb like &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; (e.g., &lt;em&gt;sí, lo haré&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is that English allows answering questions with just an auxiliary verb, but Spanish doesn't, and in case, as you've seen, what's done with an auxiliary verb simply isn't separable at all because it's just one word in Spanish.  Note what happens when we switch to the periphrastic future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vas a poder terminar la tarea antes de las 6?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, voy. (&lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, voy a poder. (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, podré. (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, puedo. (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vas al cine esta noche?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, voy. (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;, because &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; isn't being used as an auxiliary)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar will happen with other constructions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you eaten today?  Yes, I &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Has comido hoy?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, he. (&lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, he comido (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, ya comí (&lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T13:44:43.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16648" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16649" CreationDate="2016-05-08T20:29:00.007" Score="6" ViewCount="2221" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English I can write &quot;A versus B&quot; &quot;A vs B&quot; or &quot;A vs. B&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I do the same in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, English word &quot;versus&quot; is &quot;versus&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12241" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T13:36:26.907" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T13:36:26.907" Title="Write &quot;A versus B&quot; &quot;A vs B&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16648" CreationDate="2016-05-08T20:42:33.347" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish rules state that the correct abbreviation is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;vs.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;strike&gt;&lt;code&gt;vs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; or &lt;strike&gt;&lt;code&gt;v.s.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; as sometimes it is seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=versus&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; you can read that it comes from latin and initially meant &quot;towards&quot; (&lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish) but later got the meaning of &lt;em&gt;against&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means and it is spelled in the same way both in Spanish and English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish it is widely used in writing especially on sports but as guifa pointed out in his comment when speaking we usually say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;frente a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T09:08:20.730" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T09:08:20.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16650" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16652" CreationDate="2016-05-08T23:20:19.370" Score="12" ViewCount="10183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see some conflicting information out there on the web regarding this topic, especially with regard to which of these can and cannot pair with &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot;  I wrote a post on it, but when I consulted with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; on &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;abajo de&lt;/strong&gt;,&amp;quot; (see entry below):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;abajo de&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;loc. prepos.&lt;/strong&gt; Seguido de un nombre que expresa cantidad, por debajo de ella. &lt;strong&gt;U. con el verbo en forma negativa.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;i&gt;No costará abajo de mil pesos.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I began to question some of what I was reading in the post I was contributing to, the link to which is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/661381&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you have under the shoes?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a discussion thread in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/course/es/en/Learn-Spanish-Online&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;duolingo's Spanish for English speakers course&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for sharing what knowledge you have on these three words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T02:16:27.713" Title="What is the difference between &quot;abajo,&quot; &quot;debajo,&quot; and &quot;bajo?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16650" CreationDate="2016-05-08T23:34:21.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After writing the above, I did consult with a grammar book and learned that &quot;de&quot; is used after certain adverbs of time and place. They cannot be used as prepositions without the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  These include the words &quot;&lt;strong&gt;abajo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;debajo&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, however, is only a partial answer to the question I pose above, which asks what the differences in meaning are between the three words.  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implied in the question is whether or not &quot;bajo de&quot; is a legitimate phrase, and if so, what does it mean and how does it differ from &quot;abajo de&quot; and &quot;debajo de.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll continue reading and add to this if I find anything relevant to this topic.  It would be nice to have some definitive answers all in one post rather than a tidbit of information here and a tidbit there.  StackExchange, more than many other sites, really does attempt to consolidate topics of discussion, so I am hoping this will serve that purpose here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Addendum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, I've seen at least one comment from someone that claims &quot;bajo de&quot; does not exist in standard Spanish. However, you will see several instances of it — from place names (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajo_de_la_Alumbrera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bajo de la Alumbrera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) to regular text (más bajo de).  In all fairness to the one who claims &quot;bajo de&quot; does not exist, I believe he was referring to its use as a preposition that means &quot;under&quot; or &quot;underneath,&quot; in which case I concur because I don't recall seeing any examples of it.  In other words &quot;bajo el árbol&quot; is correct, but &quot;bajo del árbol,&quot; I'm assuming, is not.  If I were a native speaker or had some reputable source to cite, I wouldn't have to assume.  As it is, it seems rather presumptuous to dictate a rule about a language that is neither my mother tongue nor one I can even claim I speak fluently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I did find later some instances of &quot;bajo de&quot; in constructs that appeared to be using it as a prepositional phrase, but they were far fewer than &quot;bajo&quot; + noun.  At the moment, I have nothing all that authoritative to cite, but if I find something, I'll add it to this post.  (And if you know of a source that mentions &quot;bajo&quot; + noun is correct and &quot;bajo de&quot; is not, please add it to a comment.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, I was recently taking a closer look at the differences between &quot;bajo&quot; + noun and &quot;debajo de.&quot;  For the most part, and as many suggested in the Duolingo discussion referred to in this thread, they are interchangeable, but I did happen to notice that if the noun in question had anything to do with cars or vehicles of any type (e.g., bus, boat) or the things associated with them (e.g., windshield wipers), &quot;debajo de&quot; was more common.  For anything else, especially for figurative uses, the intangible, nature, and stationary objects, it appears that &quot;bajo&quot; + noun is more common.  The chart below illustrates this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/5lGBRUR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Columns of numbers show the number of web pages Google found for each pairing — bajo or debajo de.  The highlighted cells indicate which pairing was more common.  The third column of numbers shows how much more common the pairing was.  These notes regarding columns apply to the next two charts in this posted answer.  No filters were applied to the data for this chart other than language (Spanish).  Data was originally collected December 28, 2018; a revision was made to correct data for &quot;capó&quot; December 31, 2018.  Additional examples — control, presión, reflector, avión, acelerador — were also added December 31, 2018.  To enlarge the image, simply click on it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiously enough, I happened to notice that some patterns existed with body parts as well, but not all body parts.  Body parts with feminine gender were more commonly paired with &quot;debajo de&quot; and those with masculine gender were more commonly paired with &quot;bajo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/EBzqBrL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, of course, there are always exceptions, and I'm sure there's more than this, but if you want to see a few, take a look at the chart below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/rxb0Z9q.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While frequency details can be enlightening, they don't explicitly spell out for you the sometimes subtle nuances in meaning similar words can have.  And since that is what the original posted question asked for, I put together a simple chart that lays out some of the different meanings for the words &quot;bajo,&quot; &quot;debajo,&quot; and &quot;abajo&quot;; the part of speech for each meaning; and an example sentence with English translation.  In addition to that, I explored these words and their various adverbial/prepositional combinations and discovered that some combinations are just not used all that often.  At the end of each section for each word, you will see crossed out words and phrases.  These indicate I did not find these words and phrases with much frequency.  If you are a native or fluent speaker of Spanish and you disagree with any I have crossed out, please post a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/rjXPpO8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Click on the image to enlarge it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the chart immediately above, I revised the information on it for a few reasons.  But before I get to that, let me explain its structure a bit.  First off, I should mention that &quot;bajo&quot; is typically used as an adjective meaning &quot;low.&quot;  Even if my initial inquiry didn't explicitly state this, I was primarily interested in how these three words — &lt;strong&gt;bajo, debajo, and abajo&lt;/strong&gt; — differed when used as prepositions or adverbs, so I didn't deliberately include examples for &quot;bajo&quot; as the adjective &quot;low.&quot;  However, because I initially thought &quot;de bajo&quot; was commonly used as an adverbial phrase, I included it.  When I took a harder look at uses of &quot;de bajo,&quot; though, it appeared that a lot of the time &quot;de bajo&quot; is part of an adjectival phrase.  In addition to the example you'll now see in the chart above, you'll often see &quot;de bajo&quot; used in common phrases such as these:*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ejercicio de bajo impacto (low-impact exercise)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;operación de bajo riesgo (low-risk operation)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;bombillas de bajo consumo (low-energy light bulbs)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and not in adverbial ones such as the one I gave in the chart — de bajo nuestras narices.  In fact, the only place where I saw &quot;de bajo nuestras narices&quot; is on Reverso.  Everywhere else I looked, I saw&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de debajo de nuestras narices (from under our noses)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Please note that this construct does not apply to all things.  For example, it is much more commmon to say&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;préstamo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; bajo interés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;than préstamo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;bajo interés.  In fact, &quot;préstamo de bajo interés&quot; may not even exist outside of poor English to Spanish translations, if &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=pr%C3%A9stamo%20a%20bajo%20inter%C3%A9s%2C%20pr%C3%A9stamo%20de%20bajo%20inter%C3%A9s&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2018&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cpr%C3%A9stamo%20a%20bajo%20inter%C3%A9s%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google's Ngram&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is any indicator.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we can rule out &quot;de bajo&quot; as a common way to translate &quot;from under.&quot;  Now let's take a look at &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de debajo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de abajo.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  How will you know which one to use?  For this pair, it's actually pretty simple.  If you'll be specifying what something is &quot;from under,&quot; use &quot;de debajo de.&quot;  If not, go with &quot;de abajo.&quot;  Typically, &quot;abajo&quot; is not followed by &quot;de&quot; and when it does, its meaning is very restrictive.  In the body of this posted question, you will find the Royal Spanish Academy's definition for &quot;abajo de.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I did not include any examples of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de abajo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in the chart above, I'll add a few below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la ecuación de abajo (the equation below)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la sección de comentarios de abajo (the comments section below)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;el enlace de abajo (the link below)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la imagen de abajo (the image below)&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the idea.  And don't think that you have to use &quot;de abajo&quot; to express something like this.  Words and phrases such as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;siguiente,&quot; &quot;a continuación,&quot; &quot;por debajo,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;más adelante,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are perfectly acceptable alternatives to &quot;de abajo.&quot;  Notice that I did not add &quot;de &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;bajo&quot; to this list.  There's a reason.  If you're not going to add &lt;em&gt;&quot;de&quot; + noun&lt;/em&gt; after &quot;de debajo,&quot; use &quot;de abajo&quot; or an acceptable substitute instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As a good rule of thumb, if you want to literally express that something is &quot;from under&quot; something else, you will want to use &quot;de debajo de.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now a question that may remain for some of you is, &lt;em&gt;When do I use just &quot;abajo&quot; and when do I use &quot;de abajo?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  Good question and one you may have to just kind of learn as you go, but there are some tendencies and subtle changes between these two that you should at least be aware of.  Overall, usage of &quot;abajo&quot; is far greater than &quot;de abajo,&quot; but there will be times when &quot;de abajo&quot; is the phrase you need to use.  After taking a look at some online news articles to see how &quot;abajo&quot; and &quot;de abajo&quot; were used, I noticed that they could sometimes be interchangeable, but instances of this were few.  More often than not, I saw combinations of words that were what I guess you could call &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_phrase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;set phrases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or perhaps just &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;collocations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; Outside of those two categories, what I found were examples of phrases whose meaning changed with the presence or absence of &quot;de&quot; before &quot;abajo.&quot;  You can see what I mean in the chart below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/fFMhvAy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The data sheet that led to my conclusions about which phrases/combinations were not frequently used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/uhPKowS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Click to enlarge.  For the chart above, I decided to restrict my search to a Google &quot;News&quot; search in the hopes that it would exclude any nonstandard usage of the combinations I looked at.  Pages were also filtered by language (Spanish), but not by country.  If you're wondering why the numbers for &quot;bajo&quot; are so much larger than the rest, it is because it is a word with a lot of different meanings and can serve as an adjective (most commonly), a preposition, and an adverb.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, you may find it interesting to know that the presence or absence of a preposition can really make a difference in its frequency relative to similar words.  Notice how &quot;debajo&quot; goes from bottom to top with the addition of &quot;de.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/fB4REZV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Keep in mind that there appears to be fairly equal amounts of &quot;debajo&quot; without &quot;de&quot; and &quot;debajo&quot; with &quot;de.&quot;  Even if you have doubts about the ability to extrapolate &quot;debajo&quot; from &quot;debajo de,&quot; a glance at the sample sentences Reverso provides for &lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/debajo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a search of &quot;debajo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; indicates that for every situation that calls for &quot;debajo de,&quot; there's another that requires just &quot;debajo&quot; (or some combination that does not involve &quot;de&quot; following &quot;debajo&quot; such as &quot;mira aquí debajo&quot; (look under here) or &quot;sigue leyendo debajo&quot; (keep reading below).  These two charts simply show that when &quot;de&quot; is added to &quot;bajo&quot; and &quot;abajo,&quot; their frequency drops drastically.  I go into more detail about the relative frequency of &quot;debajo&quot; versus &quot;debajo de&quot; in this article here:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/661381$comment_id=15413588&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My comment in &quot;What do you have under the shoes?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, I want to address the request for citations from respected, authoritative sources.  My access to resources isn't all that it could be these days, but I did happen to come upon this from &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=ULHpAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=%22Spanish+Grammar+in+Context%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjB1Yurz8bfAhXxmuAKHbp7BmcQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22debajo%20de%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  If you cannot link to it, see the relevant quoted material below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bajo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;debajo de&lt;/strong&gt; mean &lt;em&gt;under&lt;/em&gt;, but the first tends to be used more in a figurative sense and in set phrases, while &lt;strong&gt;debajo de&lt;/strong&gt; is normally used in a literal sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having quoted that, it is clear that &quot;bajo&quot; is used in quite a number of literal uses that I don't think fall under the category of &quot;set phrase.&quot;  Phrases such as &quot;bajo el árbol&quot; as can be seen in use via the following links, are pretty literal uses of the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ohmirevista.com/gato/esta-gata-dio-a-luz-a-4-adorables-gatitos-bajo-el-arbol-de-navidad_art7886.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esta gata ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elnuevodia.com/noticias/mundo/nota/arbolmataamujerenunabodaencalifornia-2273432/#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Árbol mata a mujer en una boda en California&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite that, even a word like &quot;tree&quot; can be used somewhat figuratively as in &quot;the Tree of Knowledge.&quot; In fact, after looking at numerous examples of &quot;bajo&quot; versus &quot;debajo de&quot; I concur with the authors of &lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context&lt;/em&gt; that &quot;debajo de&quot; does seem to be used for more literal situations and I think it's good to keep that in mind.  Plus, I bet that if you were to say &quot;debajo del árbol&quot; instead of &quot;bajo el árbol,&quot; nobody is going to get confused or ask you if you meant &quot;bajo el árbol&quot; instead even though &quot;bajo el árbol&quot; appears to be more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T02:16:27.713" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T02:16:27.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16650" CreationDate="2016-05-08T23:47:50.380" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debajo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;abajo&lt;/em&gt; are both locative adverbs.  They are often paired with the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; to indicate a position relative to something specific, but can also be used alone — and then it's implied in one way or another what the location is relative to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está debajo de la mesa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;located under or beneath ... the table&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está abajo de la silla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;located under or beneath ... the chair&lt;/em&gt; (not Standard Spanish except for quantities, but common nonetheless in some dialects/registers)&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está abajo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;located under or beneath ... something previously referred to, indicated by gesture, or the location of the conversation itself&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está debajo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;same as previous&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está debajo la mesa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;not ungrammatical, but doesn't mean what you think it does.&lt;/em&gt;  la mesa &lt;em&gt;is the subject, and it is under...something&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*El libro está debajo la mesa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;ungrammatical&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;la mesa&lt;/em&gt; can't exist there)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;abajo&lt;/em&gt; has two idiomatic uses in which nouns can follow it immediately: the expression &lt;em&gt;¡abajo [alguien]!&lt;/em&gt; which is analogous to &lt;em&gt;¡fuera [alguien]&lt;/em&gt;! and between a determiner and its noun, common in forms like &lt;em&gt;el/la/los/las &lt;strong&gt;abajo&lt;/strong&gt; firmante/s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bajo&lt;/em&gt; is a preposition, and like all prepositions in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be followed by an object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está bajo la mesa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;located under the table&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está bajo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ungrammatical&lt;/strong&gt;: no object of the preposition&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy para/a/hacia/por/de/en/con/sin algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;good: the prepositions have an object algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy para/a/hacia/por/de/en/con/sin.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ungrammatical&lt;/strong&gt;: the prepositions have no object, and natives will expect to hear one, and if they don't, it feels like the sentence is chopped off.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While there's nothing illegal &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; about double prepositions in Spanish (very common in Spain: &lt;em&gt;a por&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt; couldn't be used with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;unless&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; represents the head of a locative unit.  I can't think of any such example with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, although with other prepositions like &lt;em&gt;entre&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; it's not hard — not that anyone would commonly use them.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. The latter one isn't technical idiomatic, but the grammar explaining its non-idiomaticness is rather complicated.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Maybe something like &quot;Las flores se encuentran de [un lugar] a [otro lugar]&quot;  --&gt; &quot;Las raíces están bajo las flores&quot; --&gt; &quot;Las flores están bajo de [un lugar] a [otro lugar]&quot;, but really, who in their right mind would say that?  Plus, it could —and probably would— be interpreted as misspoken (están [de]bajo) (de X a Y) instead of (están (bajo (de X a Y)))&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T00:54:22.067" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T00:54:22.067" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16653" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T01:37:20.090" Score="1" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this sentence on my crush's snapchat. He is Spanish and lives in Andalucía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did a translation, I think it means &quot;the weather is hotter than f**king (or having sex)&quot;. Is it correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11422" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T03:00:15.557" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T03:00:15.557" Title="What does &quot;más calor que follando&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16673" CreationDate="2016-05-09T08:14:54.917" Score="7" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;La banda sonora original del juego GTA V incluye un tema interpretado por &quot;Don Cheto&quot; en la que el estribillo dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué te &lt;strong&gt;tatuatis&lt;/strong&gt;?, ¿Por qué te &lt;strong&gt;pintatis&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;refiriéndose a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué te &lt;strong&gt;tatuaste&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Por qué te &lt;strong&gt;pintaste&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene este uso de la terminación -atis en lugar de -aste algún significado particular en México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podéis ver y escuchar la canción en este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRYOzgdiRO8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace a YouTube&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T11:12:47.140" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T06:22:29.263" Title="Terminación &quot;-atis&quot; en lugar de &quot;-aste&quot; en México" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16648" CreationDate="2016-05-09T10:27:55.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;RAE is not the same as Oxford. RAE provides rules in order to unify the Spanish spoken worldwide. You can read about it in the Wikipedia:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, answering your question, the right way to abbreviate &lt;em&gt;versus&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12588" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T10:27:55.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16662" CreationDate="2016-05-09T12:53:02.357" Score="3" ViewCount="11564" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia oigo o leo frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A día de hoy&lt;/strong&gt;, nadie me ha dicho nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en lugar de decir solamente &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt;, se enfatiza la palabra usando la coletilla &lt;em&gt;a día de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me suena fatal pues resulta redundante y forzado, como si añadiendo estas palabras se consiguiera una formalidad añadida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto: ¿es correcto? ¿hay algún caso en el que su uso sea necesario o, al menos, dé contexto que &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; a secas no dé?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T08:36:37.910" Title="¿Es &quot;a día de hoy&quot; correcto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:03:52.800" Score="1" ViewCount="2404" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un grupo de músicos cómicos en la Argentina (Les Luthiers) que hace el siguiente chiste: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como bien dicen en inglés: “Time is money”, “El tiempo es un maní”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se refieren con 'maní&quot;?  Se ve que es un doble sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué en un diccionario, en encontré &lt;em&gt;cacahuate/peanut&lt;/em&gt; -- ¿será?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T14:13:34.710" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T14:13:34.710" Title="Qué quiere decir 'maní' en el siguiente chiste?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16524" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:10:32.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native speakers will understand you in almost every case, but also will realize without doubt you are not a native speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Though  correct  gender  marking  may  not  always  be  essential  to meaningful  communication,  its  ubiquitous  presence  in  Romance  languages  makes  errors  particularly  salient  to  native  speakers,  even  to  the  point  of irritation&quot;  (Latorre  1991)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latorre, Guillermo. 1991. Some empirical data on Spanish gender acquisition by intermediate students. Taller de Letras 19.77-86. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11216" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:21:08.717" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:21:08.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16658" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:11:03.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactamente eso, seguramente proviene de un video de &quot;Les Luthiers&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos no hacen ningun doble sentido, es simplemente la forma de pronunciar la palabra &quot;Money&quot; en español Rioplatense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12545" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T14:11:03.220" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:15:10.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Joven y camarero, desde luego que no.&#xA;Mejor: &quot;Perdone&quot;, &quot;Perdona&quot;, &quot;Disculpa&quot;, &quot;Disculpe&quot;, &quot;Cuando puedas&quot;.&#xA;Y &quot;¡Jefe!&quot; si quieres parece un nativo ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11216" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T14:21:22.690" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T14:21:22.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16657" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:17:22.040" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me tomó mucho tiempo darme cuenta que en el francés la palabra aujourd'hui que en Español es simplemente &quot;hoy&quot;, era la composición de &quot;AU JOUR DE HUI (escrito correctamente aujourd'hui)&quot; que sería en Español &quot;al día de hoy&quot;. Siempre me ha dado curiosidad el estudio de otras lenguas romances y hemos copiado muchas expresiones no sólo del francés sino probablemente del latin vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú la gente suele usar expresiones como HOY DÍA y los Colombianos suelen decir que para ellos es redundante y utilizan sólo HOY. Pero a mi parecer son modismos de cada cultura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, la respuesta que encontré hace mucho tiempo atrás por la misma duda. Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/a-dia-de-hoy-al-dia-de-hoy-304/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fundéu BBVA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A día de hoy&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;al día de hoy&lt;/strong&gt; son locuciones innecesarias tomadas del&#xA;  francés que se emplean para expresar que un suceso determinado ocurre&#xA;  en el mismo día o en la actualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En muchos medios de comunicación podemos encontrar frases como «La&#xA;  Plataforma incorpora algunas de las tecnologías más populares a día de&#xA;  hoy», «Un edificio que lleva bastante tiempo abandonado y que al día&#xA;  de hoy se encuentra totalmente vacío» o «En España, a día de hoy,&#xA;  harían falta más de 5000 camas especiales para atender problemas&#xA;  geriátricos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, las expresiones a día de hoy y al día de hoy son un calco&#xA;  del francés aujourd’hui (‘hoy’), por lo que, según se señala en el&#xA;  Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, sería más recomendable usar&#xA;  fórmulas equivalentes tradicionales del español, como hoy por hoy,&#xA;  hasta hoy, hasta ahora, hasta este momento, etc., o, sencillamente,&#xA;  hoy, en el día de hoy, hoy en día, ahora o en la actualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los ejemplos anteriores, por tanto, hubiera sido preferible&#xA;  escribir «La Plataforma incorpora algunas de las tecnologías más&#xA;  populares hoy en día», «Un edificio que lleva bastante tiempo&#xA;  abandonado y que hasta el momento/hoy por hoy se encuentra totalmente&#xA;  vacío» y «En España, en la actualidad, harían falta más de 5000 camas&#xA;  especiales para atender problemas geriátricos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí una definición que encontré recientemente de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=CX0s2gwCdD6KHWZ68h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hoy. &lt;strike&gt;a(l) día de hoy&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Expresión innecesaria de estructura análoga al&#xA;  francés aujourd’hui (‘hoy’), que se ha puesto de moda en los últimos&#xA;  años en el lenguaje periodístico y político-administrativo. Se&#xA;  recomienda emplear en su lugar las locuciones o expresiones&#xA;  tradicionales hoy por hoy, hasta hoy, hasta ahora, hasta este momento,&#xA;  etc.; o, sencillamente, hoy, en el día de hoy, hoy en día, ahora o en&#xA;  la actualidad, según los casos; así, en «El Atlético tampoco está a&#xA;  día de hoy para dárselas de equipo grande» (País [Esp.] 21.4.97), pudo&#xA;  decirse hoy por hoy o en estos momentos; y en «El futuro político del&#xA;  país es probablemente al día de hoy el más incierto que ha visto en&#xA;  muchísimos años» (Tribuna [Hond.] 24.5.97), se pudo decir,&#xA;  simplemente, hoy. No debe confundirse la locución temporal&#xA;  desaconsejada con el correcto uso de la secuencia al día de hoy: «Esa&#xA;  simpatía se fue diluyendo hasta llegar al día de hoy, en que, si&#xA;  hubiere elecciones, el PAN no alcanzaría ni siquiera el ansiado 4%»&#xA;  (Hora [Guat.] 13.2.97).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T08:36:37.910" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T08:36:37.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16618" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:24:10.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Le daría razón a @MikMik, que &quot;efectos especiales&quot; es sencillamente una traducción de &quot;special effects.&quot;  Porque en los textos modernos y las conversaciones, observo que las dos frases se usan en el mismísimo contexto, para expresar la mismísima idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a mi aviso, no se limita al cine.  Podríamos poner efectos especiales a una obra de teatro también.  Es un truco técnico que crea una ilusión en la percepción del público.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sí, es más común en el cine y video que en el teatro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T14:24:10.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-05-09T14:47:51.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me sumo a todas las respuestas sueltas que he encontrado por aquí. Para ordenar el concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;término apropiado&lt;/strong&gt; sería &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Camarero&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; para los hombres o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Camarera&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; para las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6uEvTHn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; como primera definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m. y f. Persona que tiene por oficio servir consumiciones en restaurantes, bares u otros establecimientos similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos paises de Latinoamérica se suele decir &quot;Mesero&quot; y &quot;Mesera&quot; para hombres y mujeres respectivamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P2SWeD0%7CP2YQnHz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; esto confirma los lugares donde se utiliza (América Central, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México y Republica Dominicana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m. y f. Am. Cen., Bol., Chile, Col., Ec., Méx. y R. Dom. Camarero de&#xA;  café o restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Perú se suele la palabra &quot;mozo&quot; que para los Peruanos es normal pero la RAE la califica como una palabra para indicar cierta inferioridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí 2 definiciones de la palabra mozo de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PyCDtud%7CPyIxduT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que sirve como criado, en especial la destinada a un menester determinado. Mozo de cuadra. Moza de mesón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Empleado de categoría inferior, que realiza servicios para los que no se precisa gran cualificación. Mozo de estación, de café.&#xA;  Moza de hotel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los Colombianos la palabra mozo significa &quot;amante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EN RESUMEN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De una manera neutra podrías decir, como muchos dicen en sus respuestas, lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JOVEN&lt;/strong&gt; para los muchachos o &lt;strong&gt;SEÑORITA&lt;/strong&gt; para las chicas si son personas &quot;relativamente&quot; joven. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la persona se encuentre cerca simplemente puedes llamar su atención diciendo con respeto &quot;DISCULPE&quot; o para ser más amigable podrías de una manera más informal decir &quot;DISCULPA&quot;. Depende mucho de la persona a la que te dirijas y en su forma de tratar a las personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te recomiendo decir JOVEN, SEÑORITA o DISCULPE cuando la persona está relativamente lejos porque tendrías que gritar o levantar la voz y eso se podría interpretar como de mala educación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, si la persona se encuentra lejos creo que el lenguaje universal de levantar la mano cuando te vea para llamar su atención es lo más adecuado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T14:47:51.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16524" CreationDate="2016-05-09T16:13:41.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native speakers still understand what you are trying to say, but it sounds terrible! It sounds so terrible that almost any speaker would help by telling you the right gender. That's good news because you'll learn the gender of every word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) On the other hand, most of native Spanish speakers are aware about how  English speakers find difficult to conjugate the Spanish verbs. That means you'll feel more &lt;em&gt;tolerance&lt;/em&gt; about mistakes related to verb conjugation than gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T16:13:41.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16667" CreationDate="2016-05-09T18:34:13.603" Score="3" ViewCount="738" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure I read &quot;comadreja tramposa&quot; (sneaky weasel, using the feminine gender) on Dilbert; it was being applied to the pointy-haired boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, assuming &quot;comadreja&quot; (feminine) is the name for the species, if someone were to be called that (comadreja tramposa), how would you know the person's gender? Por ejemplo, si llamo Donald T. Rump algo asi, seria &quot;un comadrejo tramposo&quot; y si llamo Hillbillary Clinton la misma, seria &quot;una comadreja tramposa&quot; o...???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in a case like that (where a species of animal is being discussed) what if you are referring to a specific one of those critters - would you call a male weasel a &quot;comadrejo&quot;? And if so, when using the word &quot;comadreja&quot; how would a person know whether you meant the species in general/as a whole, or a female member of that species? IOW, how to differentiate between the general and the specific when discussing the literal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T20:56:36.467" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T16:07:42.220" Title="Are all sneaky weasels female?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16666" CreationDate="2016-05-09T18:58:17.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In both cases (when referring to male or female people) you would use the expression corresponding to the original gender of the expression, as you are actually using a metaphor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El señor Felipe es una comadreja tramposa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La señora Luisa es una comadreja tramposa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El señor Felipe es un bicho peligroso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La señora Luisa es un bicho peligroso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;, so its use is regardless of the fact that you are using an animal or a thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esta conferencia es un ladrillo (Literally, &lt;strong&gt;This conference is a brick&lt;/strong&gt;, fig. &lt;strong&gt;This conference is very boring&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi padre es una fuente de alegría (&lt;em&gt;My father is a source of happiness&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T18:59:22.003" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T18:59:22.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16666" CreationDate="2016-05-09T18:58:54.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, first it's &lt;em&gt;tramposa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The form doesn't change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Donald es una comadreja.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hillbillary es una comadreja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that we need to use the correct form of the article, we can't put &lt;em&gt;&lt;s&gt;Donald es un comadreja.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T18:58:54.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15717" CreationDate="2016-05-09T19:07:51.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, hay ciertos verbos que en inglés no se siguen por el marcador infinitivo &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;. Algunos de estos son: &lt;em&gt;let, make, see, hear, feel, watch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;notice&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ellos sigue siendo una forma indicativa de expresar la afirmación, pero para nosotros, así como lo sugería, existen dos formas empleando el infinitivo y el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T19:07:51.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2016-05-09T21:43:12.143" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que puede traducirse como &quot;Y listo&quot; o &quot;Ya está&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12616" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T22:11:40.823" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T22:11:40.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16671" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T01:23:37.207" Score="1" ViewCount="3197" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just trying to grasp how to use &quot;durante&quot; in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across an article where it says: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante is used most similarly to &quot;during&quot; when it takes a singular object: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Durante febrero, las condiciones de sequía empeoraron&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. That is, &quot;&lt;em&gt;During February, drought conditions got worse&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then goes on with plural uses of durante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unlike the English word, durante is freely used with plural periods of time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Durante años ha ocupado la atención de nuestros medios de noticias&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. That is, &quot;&lt;em&gt;For years it has had the attention of our news media&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From these examples, I infered that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; when used with singular subjects: &quot;durante&quot; usually translates to &quot;during&quot; in English &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; when used with plural subjects: &quot;durante&quot; usually translates to &quot;for&quot; in English &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well then, what about an expression like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;durante una hora # clearly singular However, &quot;durante&quot; her translates to &quot;for&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone please explain the 'inner logic' beyond &quot;durante&quot; to me? Also, feel free to provide other examples that show how to express time relations in Spanish so that I can get a hang of it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12609" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T07:40:23.600" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T14:58:58.183" Title="How to use &quot;durante&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16671" CreationDate="2016-05-10T01:35:34.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;present perfect&lt;/em&gt; is used along with &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; to show how long a period of time has lasted.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here is when &lt;em&gt;for = durante&lt;/em&gt;, it doesn't matter if it's a singular or plural noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I've worked here &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; a year = He trabajado aquí &lt;strong&gt;durante&lt;/strong&gt; un año.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I've worked here &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; two years = He trabado aquí &lt;strong&gt;durante&lt;/strong&gt; dos años.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use &lt;em&gt;for = durante&lt;/em&gt; with a past simple form, but the meaning is different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I worked here &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; a year = Trabajé aquí &lt;strong&gt;durante&lt;/strong&gt; un año.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I worked here &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; two years = Trabajé aquí &lt;strong&gt;durante&lt;/strong&gt; un año.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;during = durante&lt;/em&gt; but is not used with the present perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T02:10:34.913" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T02:10:34.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16655" CreationDate="2016-05-10T02:46:21.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Don Cheto&quot; utiliza el estereotipo de una persona mexicana que viene de algún rancho (alguna zona rural alejada de la ciudad, también considerado pueblo). En México se da el caso particular de que la gente de los ranchos (o pueblos) tiende a cambiar la terminación de las palabras como lo muestra la canción mencionada. El cantante en cuestión intenta hacer una parodia de la gente pueblerina de México y aunque no todos tienen esa forma de hablar, es un estereotipo muy asentado. Otros ejemplos serían: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fuiste = juiste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;viniste = vinites&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que este tipo de parodias e imitaciones tienen una intención de burla. Generalmente las zonas rurales (pueblos, ranchos), antaño utilizaban (algunos aún utilizan) lenguas indigenas, y por ende su español tiene algunas palabras e inclusive un acento muy distintivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T06:50:16.787" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T06:50:16.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2016-05-10T11:47:16.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, &lt;strong&gt;voilà&lt;/strong&gt; has different nuances in French.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the meaning is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;I completely agree with what you are saying&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, then I'd use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Exacto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Exactamente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, or as others have said here, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Eso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the meaning is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;There it is&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the thing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, then I'd use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Aquí tienes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Toma&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2779" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T14:00:06.710" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T14:00:06.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16676" CreationDate="2016-05-10T12:43:49.520" Score="3" ViewCount="23090" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I see &quot;¿Que es eso?&quot; when watching Spanish films. Is it a missprint of &quot;¿Qué es eso?&quot; where they have forgotten the acute on the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or does it mean something else? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12128" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T13:26:54.153" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:10:50.353" Title="What does &quot;¿Que es eso?&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;pronombre-interrogativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16675" CreationDate="2016-05-10T13:22:06.320" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;strong&gt;qué, cuál/es, quién/es, cómo, cuán, cuánto/a/os/as, cuándo, dónde y adónde&lt;/strong&gt; are written with acute accent (tilde diacrítica) when used in an interrogative or exclamatory manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read this in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/tilde-en-que-cuales-quienes-como-cuan-cuantoaosas-cuando-donde-y-adonde&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no difference in meaning but when you see any of those words in a question without the accent, it is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T13:22:06.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16675" CreationDate="2016-05-10T13:22:41.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should be &quot;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; es eso?&quot;, with an acute accent, as explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=qu%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué: Palabra tónica, que debe escribirse con tilde a diferencia del pronombre relativo o de la conjunción que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T13:29:56.907" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T13:29:56.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16675" CreationDate="2016-05-10T15:03:07.243" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll be the contrarian here.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿que es eso?&lt;/em&gt; is a valid Spanish construction and distinct from &lt;em&gt;¿qué es eso?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the accent, the phrase means &quot;What is that?&quot; because &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; is an interrogative pronoun.  But without the accent, the phrase means something more akin to &quot;You mean it's &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;  The word &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (no accent) is often used in spoken Spanish to start off phrases without entirely too much rhyme or reason except perhaps to give a stronger link to the previous statement (cf. &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt;), not unlike English's &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, imagine someone has just described you a person, and someone comes walking around the corner and you think it's that person, but you're a bit incredulous.  You'd say, &lt;em&gt;¿Que es él/ella?&lt;/em&gt; and your friend would respond &lt;em&gt;sí/no&lt;/em&gt;.  If you asked &lt;em&gt;¿qué es él/ella&lt;/em&gt; your friend would just say &lt;em&gt;pues, un ser humano&lt;/em&gt; :-)  You actually can hear the difference in speech.  Without the accent, there are only two stressed syllables and more likely than not, only three syllables in total /'que'se.so/.  With the accent, there are three stressed syllables and four total /'que'es'eso/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that all being said, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿qué es eso?&lt;/em&gt; is going to be &lt;em&gt;vastly&lt;/em&gt; more common than &lt;em&gt;¿que es eso?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and so it's probably just a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T15:03:07.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16533" CreationDate="2016-05-10T15:50:09.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leche&lt;/em&gt; se usa en España como sinónimo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/leche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;semen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (en contexto coloquial, y con connotación soez).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=ChMuFgDEuRMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA106&amp;amp;ots=bF70AR0qc-&amp;amp;dq=leche&amp;amp;pg=PA68#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=leche&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de eufemismos y de expresiones eufemísticas del español actual&lt;/a&gt; es un sintagma (cumple la misma función que un conjunto de otras palabras) en el contexto de interjecciones vulgares. Se usa como reemplazo menos &lt;em&gt;violento&lt;/em&gt; al nombre de Dios en la expresión original. Algunas de esas expresiones son blasfemas, otras soeces, y otras cambian la blasfemia o lo soez por un eufemismo: &lt;em&gt;me cago en diez&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¡ostras!&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por extensión, estos mismos sintagmas se usan para significar muchas cosas, entre otras, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N2tsDWF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;golpe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Así, &lt;em&gt;darse una ostra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;darse una leche&lt;/em&gt;. El proceso de cómo llegó a ese significado no está muy documentado (quizá por ser algo tan propio del habla coloquial), pero existen hipótesis al respecto (por ejemplo, aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2008/02/28/dar-una-hostia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dar una hostia&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T17:52:11.013" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T17:52:11.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2016-05-10T16:00:59.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is... there is no single word or expression with that exact meaning. Fortunately there is a lot of equivalent expressions, depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, &quot;ahí está&quot; and &quot;he aquí&quot; (formal/old, even equivalent to English &lt;em&gt;behold&lt;/em&gt;) map reasonably well to &quot;there it is&quot; and hence to &lt;em&gt;voilà&lt;/em&gt; --as otheres have noted-- in the sense of showing something you were expecting to &lt;em&gt;locate&lt;/em&gt;. But depending on the meaning/surrounding situation you can also say &quot;¡Mira!&quot; (look!), &quot;¡Eso!&quot; ([that's] it), &quot;¡Ya está!&quot; or even &quot;¡Listo!&quot; (ready/done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T16:00:59.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16666" CreationDate="2016-05-10T16:07:42.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there are male and female weasels. It is true that the name of the animal as a species is &quot;comadreja&quot;. There are cases where the animal species can specify gender as with cats: &quot;gato&quot; (male) or &quot;gata&quot; (female). I'm not an expert but I think this correlates with the species popularity. Regardless, it is determined by common usage, and it is completely arbitrary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The broader point is that in spanish, even when the ending of nouns is available for specifying the gender, it is not always used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12623" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T16:07:42.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16501" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:31:24.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En casi todos los paises latinos se usa &quot;camarero&quot;. Es muy decente usar esta difición, pero si quieres usar algo mas coloquial podrías llegar a usar hasta la palabra &quot;amigo/a&quot; (lo recomiendo en lugares de confianza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero lo mejor que podrias hacer es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si esta se encuentra lejos: &lt;em&gt;Disculpe camarero/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si está cerca podrías usar: &lt;em&gt;Disculpe Señor/Señorita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:30:57.140" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:30:57.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4004" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:35:19.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Regalar&lt;/em&gt; en Colombia es un modismo, una forma cariñosa/formal de solicitar algo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En una tienda: - Buenas tardes, me regala una gaseosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En una oficina: - Buenas tardes, me podrias regalar la dirección.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puedes usar en lugares tanto formales como informales sin generar ninguna ambiguedad y demuestras dominio del lenguaje, lo cual es muy importante en Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:26:28.827" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:26:28.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16653" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:39:08.060" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follando is equal to have sex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresion se refiere a que estas en un lugar muy caliente de manera morbosa.&#xA;Is similar to : I have more heat than having sex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T17:39:08.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16626" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:55:12.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No , is not sexual expression.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No , no es nada sexual .&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;camellar&lt;/em&gt; is similar to work,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are you doing , I'm working &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is similar to saying:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Que haces? , Camellando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una palabra muy usada en Colombia , sin embargo no la recomiendo usar en entornos formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T20:52:28.497" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T20:52:28.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16688" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:59:22.657" Score="3" ViewCount="1620" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que &lt;em&gt;tinieblas&lt;/em&gt; significa oscuridad o algo semejante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿siempre se usa esa palabra en la forma plural? En mi diccionario también aparece &lt;em&gt;tiniebla&lt;/em&gt;, pero nunca lo he escuchado de esa forma. ¿Hay un uso para &lt;em&gt;tiniebla&lt;/em&gt; en la forma singular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y quizás una pregunta extra: ¿Por qué hay una palabra así que es plural pero que no significa algo que se puede contar? Yo sé de varias otras palabras que son plurales pero solo una cosa, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;las tijeras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esas palabras significan cosas de que se puede tener más que uno (una tijeras, dos tijeras). Pero no se puede contar &lt;em&gt;las tinieblas&lt;/em&gt;. Es una sola cosa. Entonces, ¿por qué hay una forma plural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5294" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:32:58.733" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:52:29.370" Title="¿Tiniebla o Tinieblas?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16398" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:01:59.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El un expresion popular en Sur América. Cuando una persona tiene un ego algo alto o se cree que es invencible se usa esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Pero él es muy bueno en lo que hace no puedo superarlo , ¿Acaso él es dios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:27:24.030" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:27:24.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16690" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:04:19.070" Score="1" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading the dual-language (English/Spanish) version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1514284979&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Treasure Island / La Isla del Tesoro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a scene in Treasure Island where, in the English version, the principals of the ship are sitting around a table, having a glass of wine and some raisins. In the Spanish version (&quot;La Isla del Tesoro&quot;) this is translated as &quot;uvas&quot; (grapes). This is on pages 180 and 181 in Chapter 12.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the word not translated as raisins? Are Spaniards (I assume the translation was done by a Spaniard) unfamiliar with raisins, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:34:32.350" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T10:39:15.623" Title="Why are &quot;raisins&quot; translated as &quot;grapes&quot; in Treasure Island?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16690" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:21:54.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Raisin's translation into Spanish would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;uva pasa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or simply &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4wqY0f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pasa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;Raisins are known in Spain, and eating raisin stems is a folk remedy to improve your memory (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/comer-rabo-de-pasa.1682011/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/comer-rabo-de-pasa.1682011/&lt;/a&gt;). By the way, why are you assuming the translator is a Spaniard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:37:40.273" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:37:40.273" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:23:28.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another equivalent would be &quot;Ahí lo tienes&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12627" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T18:28:32.593" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:28:32.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13215" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:43:22.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;no lo conozco&quot;, the &quot;lo&quot; stands for &quot;him&quot;. Therefore making it I don't know &quot;him&quot;  as opposed to &quot;no conozco&quot; which would just mean &quot;I don't know&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12628" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:43:22.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16688" CreationDate="2016-05-10T18:57:44.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZnQw0J4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tiniebla&lt;/a&gt; recoge 3 acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Falta de luz. U. m. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. pl. Suma ignorancia y confusión, por falta de conocimientos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. pl. Oscuridad, falta de luz en lo abstracto o en lo moral.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De las 3 acepciones, sólo una es singular y se usa más en plural, por lo que no sorprende que &amp;quot;tiniebla&amp;quot; no se escuche en forma singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T18:57:44.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16671" CreationDate="2016-05-10T23:40:18.667" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with the answer given. Both &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;during&lt;/em&gt; translate to &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; regardless of the number of the following noun. The main difference between both terms in English is that &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; is generally used with random periods of time, while &lt;em&gt;during&lt;/em&gt; is generally used with established or &amp;quot;official&amp;quot; periods of time. That's why in your examples &lt;em&gt;during&lt;/em&gt; is used with February, and &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; is used with hour/years. Even though hour and year are both official and well established units of time, the hour or the years described aren't different from any other hour or set of years, while February is a specific month. Now, Spanish &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; doesn't have that limitation: it can be used with any kind of period of time, be it established or not. Thus, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante el verano suelo ir a pescar. (During summer I usually go fishing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve hablando durante una hora. (I was speaking for an hour)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante los fines de semana, el tráfico es menos denso. (During [or on] weekends, traffic is lighter)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante milenios no se supo qué causaba la lluvia. (For millenia people didn't know what caused it to rain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the number of the object doesn't have anything to do with using &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; or not. Being speculative, the reason why your article says so may be because there are many examples with established periods of time that are used in singular, and not so many that are used in plural. Maybe, the author tried to derive a rule from the examples he or she could think of, and reached the conclusion that number played an important role. In any case, that is not true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common case where you use &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; in English is with present perfect. The use of present perfect is quite clear-cut in English (at least compared to how it's used in Spanish). In Spanish, however, present perfect is an ill-defined tense, in that its usage varies a great deal from a region to another. In some Latin American countries (I can't put my finger on specific ones), the present perfect is hardly ever used. For example, consider things that just happened:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A (on the phone with B): Where are you?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: In the park.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A: I've just been there, but I didn't see you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A (al teléfono con B): ¿Dónde estás?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;B: En el parque.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A: Recién estuve ahí, pero no te vi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, it's isn't necessary to use a perfect form (&lt;em&gt;recién he estado ahí&lt;/em&gt;), even though you're describing something that happened immediately before. The past simple (&lt;em&gt;estuve&lt;/em&gt;) or some periphrasis (&lt;em&gt;acabo de venir de ahí&lt;/em&gt;) would be more natural-sounding options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moving on to Spain, you can see the opposite phenomenon: the present perfect tense is used even when you specify a time reference that clearly belongs to the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw the most boring movie yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer he visto un tostón de película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a perfectly natural thing to say in Spain, although most Latin Americans would probably cringe if they heard such a wording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where am I getting at with all this? My point is, in English using the present perfect tense immediately tells you the action described is intimately connected to the present. Paired with &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt;, the only logical implication is that the time specified extends to the present. In Spanish, however, the present perfect is much more vague and doesn't necessarily carry this connotation, so saying things like &lt;em&gt;He estado trabajando durante dos horas&lt;/em&gt; doesn't necessarily mean you're still working, while &lt;em&gt;I've been working for two hours&lt;/em&gt; always does. In these cases, much better alternatives are &lt;em&gt;llevar + gerund&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;present (simple or continuous) + desde hace&lt;/em&gt;, that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo trabajando dos horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy trabajando desde hace dos horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, Spanish &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt; is actually a quite simple term to grasp: just use it whenever you would use either for &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; during in English, keeping in mind &amp;quot;present perfect + for&amp;quot; structures would be better translated by paraphrasing the original sentence rather than translating it word by word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T23:40:18.667" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1642" CreationDate="2016-05-11T02:33:01.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Que&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(without accent)&lt;/em&gt; is equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;that&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; you are Anne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; eres Anne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Cual&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(without accent)&lt;/em&gt; is quite equivalent to &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;whom&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anne is the woman &lt;strong&gt;whom&lt;/strong&gt; Jhon got married.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anne es la mujer con la &lt;strong&gt;cual&lt;/strong&gt; Jhon se casó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) Their accent marked form is used when asking. All interrogatory pronouns in spanish have accent (e.g. qué, cuál, cómo, dónde). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuál&lt;/strong&gt; es tuyo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which&lt;/strong&gt; is yours?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; es eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T15:07:17.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16703" CreationDate="2016-05-11T07:16:02.417" Score="3" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que son palabras que se refieren a lo mismo con la distinción de que &lt;em&gt;mahonesa&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a la &quot;mayonesa&quot; originaria de un pueblo de Menorca llamado Mahón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es, ¿hay algún contexto o algún motivo por el que debiera utilizar un término por encima del otro o es indiferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T08:10:19.253" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:23:19.913" Title="¿Mahonesa o Mayonesa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16702" CreationDate="2016-05-11T08:08:57.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas palabras son correctas y aceptadas, si bien mahonesa es más correcta históricamente por proceder de la ciudad de Mahón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, hay bastante unanimidad en cuanto al origen de esta receta: los franceses descubrieron que los lugareños de Mahón, Menorca (isla de España situada en el Mar Mediterráneo) hacían tal receta. Luego los franceses la popularizaron bajo el nombre de &lt;em&gt;mayonnaise&lt;/em&gt;, de ahí que posteriormente se acabara difundiendo la versión con &quot;y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=lOdObXkNQD6tFQceDk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mayonesa&lt;/a&gt;. ‘Salsa que se hace batiendo aceite y huevo’: «Nada más&#xA;  que en la mayonesa se gastaron catorce huevos» (Skármeta Cartero&#xA;  [Chile 1986]). Es igualmente válida la forma mahonesa, más cercana a&#xA;  la etimología (de Mahón, capital de la isla de Menorca), pero menos&#xA;  frecuente en el uso: «¿Quién se resiste a esa punta de espárrago con&#xA;  mahonesa?» (Marsillach Ático [Esp. 1995]). No debe usarse, con este&#xA;  sentido, la voz bayonesa, que designa, en realidad, un tipo de dulce&#xA;  (→ bayonesa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en internet se encuentra bastante debate y referencias. En general, se indica como bastante válido el hecho de que esta receta fuera descubierta en Menorca por el hecho de que no hay referencias a esta receta en la cocina francesa hasta que estos ocuparon la isla (1756-1763).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre el origen: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elpais.com/gastronotas-de-capel/2014/06/quien-invento-la-salsa-mahonesa-mayonesa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Quién inventó la salsa mahonesa (mayonesa)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque nadie ha demostrado de forma fehaciente que surgiera en&#xA;  Menorca, varias hipótesis de peso sostienen que se conocía antes de la&#xA;  llegada de los franceses. La más importante la aporta el libro Art de&#xA;  la Cuina del franciscano Francesc Roger (Ciudadela), correspondiente a&#xA;  la primera mitad del siglo XVIII, donde se reseñan 19 recetas en las&#xA;  que interviene el l’aioli bo (alioli bueno), nombre que&#xA;  presumiblemente el fraile daba a la salsa mahonesa. Pero como en&#xA;  ninguna parte del manual se describe cómo se elaboraba, los defensores&#xA;  de esta teoría, con Pelfort a la cabeza, suponen que era tan popular&#xA;  que Fra Roger daba por hecho que la gente ya sabía cómo hacerla. Todo&#xA;  es posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los diccionarios etimológicos franceses afirman que el origen de&#xA;  la palabra es menorquín&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayonnaise#Anecdotal_origins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en inglés&lt;/a&gt; menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One of the most common places named as the origin of mayonnaise is the&#xA;  town of Mahón in Menorca, Spain, where it was then taken to France&#xA;  after Armand de Vignerot du Plessis's victory over the British at the&#xA;  city's port in 1756. According to this version, the sauce was&#xA;  originally known as salsa mayonesa in Spanish and maonesa (later&#xA;  maionesa) in Catalan (as it is still known in Menorca), later becoming&#xA;  mayonnaise as it was popularized by the French.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego me gusta este comentario en la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio_cultura/cultura/2013/11/12/mahonesa_mayonesa_bayonesa_256747_308.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Mahonesa, mayonesa o bayonesa?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) La mayonesa o mahonesa es una salsa emulsionada fría elaborada&#xA;  principalmente a base de huevo entero y aceite vegetal batidos. De&#xA;  ORIGEN ESPAÑOL, CONCRETAMENTE MENORQUÍN, generalmente se la sazona con&#xA;  sal, zumo de limón o vinagre. Se trata de una salsa de origen español&#xA;  emparentada culinariamente con el alioli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras la conquista de Mahón, la salsa aparece en Francia. La cocina con&#xA;  aceite es extraña a la gastronomía francesa (con excepción de la&#xA;  Provence) y una salsa que emplea aceite en una gran proporción resulta&#xA;  desagradable a paladares no acostumbrados. No es de extrañar que NO&#xA;  aparezca tal salsa en los textos culinarios franceses del siglo XVIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La primera referencia de 1804 menciona la palabra mayonnaise. Ya en&#xA;  1806 las menciones a la salsa son abundantes. Marie-Antoine Carême&#xA;  (1783-1833) gran recopilador de recetas menciona en su capítulo X la&#xA;  &quot;Sauce Magnonaise&quot; (del verbo magner o manier que significa manipular)&#xA;  de la que representa cinco variaciones distintas. Prosper Montagné&#xA;  emplea el nombre moyennaise (o moyeunaise), o moyen (o moyeu) que&#xA;  significaba &quot;yema&quot; en antiguo francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El libro anónimo La Cuisinière Bourgeoise de 1786 —publicado, por&#xA;  tanto, a los treinta años de la caída de Mahón en manos de Richelieu—,&#xA;  no se habla aún de la salsa, lo que permite suponer que todavía no era&#xA;  muy conocida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existen otras teorías sobre la etimología, algunas más pintorescas que&#xA;  otras. Bayonnaise, de Bayona en Francia; magnonnaise, de magnier,&#xA;  manier, manejar; mayennaise, en honor del duque Mayenne o de la&#xA;  comarca francesa del mismo nombre; moyeunnaise, de moyeu, yema de&#xA;  huevo en francés antiguo, y quizás alguna más. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He mirado en el distintos diccionarios (normales y etimológicos) franceses y parece que se confirma el origen, o al menos se confirma que la suposición más general es la que habla del origen menorquín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/mayonnaise/49989?q=mayonnaise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Larousse&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nom féminin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(peut-être de Port Mahón, nom propre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.littre.org/definition/mayonnaise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Littre&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quelques auteurs conseillent de préférer mahonnaise, attendu que le&#xA;  nom de cette sauce vient, disent-ils, de celui de &lt;strong&gt;Mahon&lt;/strong&gt;, ville que&#xA;  Richelieu prit, LEGOARANT. Le Cuisinier de la ville et de la campagne&#xA;  écrit magnonaise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/mayonnaise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CNRTL&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Étymol. et Hist. 1806 saumon à la mayonnaise (Viard, Le Cuisinier&#xA;  impérial, Paris, Bordas, p.342); 1855 sauce mayonnaise, mayonnaise de&#xA;  volaille (Audot, Cuisin. campagne et ville, p.47 et 132). &lt;strong&gt;Peut-être&#xA;  tiré du nom de (Port) Mahon, capitale de Minorque&lt;/strong&gt;, en souvenir de la&#xA;  prise de cette ville par le Duc de Richelieu en 1756, bien que la&#xA;  1redate d'apparition du mot soit très postérieure à celle de&#xA;  l'événement; aussi Bescherelle y voit plutôt une orthographe vicieuse&#xA;  de bayonnaise* (v. FEW t.6, 1, p.52).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T08:23:19.913" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:23:19.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1048" CreationDate="2016-05-11T08:36:34.857" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Middle Age, the letter &lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt; represented both the &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; sounds. But then the diphthong &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt; was created to replace the letter &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; in some cases, and words like &lt;code&gt;ovo&lt;/code&gt; were rendered into &lt;code&gt;uevo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This word could be read as &lt;em&gt;uevo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vevo&lt;/em&gt;, so to mark that the initial &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; should be readed as &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and not as &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;, it was prefixed with the &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt;, and thus words like &lt;em&gt;huevo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hueso&lt;/em&gt; and so on were created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is worth noting that some related words still have the original &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;óseo&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;hueso&lt;/em&gt;), or &lt;em&gt;ovíparo&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;huevo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T10:07:53.843" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T10:07:53.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16688" CreationDate="2016-05-11T08:52:29.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre tu pregunta extra, acerca de por qué se usa el plural en &lt;code&gt;tinieblas&lt;/code&gt; cuando es algo que no se puede contar (no como, efectivamente, unas &lt;em&gt;tijeras&lt;/em&gt;), lo único que puedo decirte es que se trata de un recurso literario que ha prevalecido hasta nuestros días. El idioma español tiende algo hacia la exageración (en algunas regiones más que en otras). La forma de hacer algo exagerado es diciendo que había mucha cantidad (había agua, había mucha agua), o directamente pluralizando aunque no se deba (las aguas del río). Posiblemente hayas visto también esto de &lt;em&gt;las aguas&lt;/em&gt; en algunos textos. En Andalucía, por ejemplo, decimos que hay cuatro niveles de calor, de menor a mayor: &lt;em&gt;el calor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la calor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los calores&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;las calores&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de que el calor es algo que tampoco se puede contar (lo hacemos para exagerar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: pluralizar algo que no se puede pluralizar es un recurso literario para indicar que había mucha cantidad o algo era muy grande o intenso. En el caso de &lt;code&gt;tinieblas&lt;/code&gt; seguramente haya pasado que la forma plural suene mejor y la gente la haya adoptado por ello como la forma de uso común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T08:52:29.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16619" CreationDate="2016-05-11T09:33:08.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como habitante de Andalucía y hablante del andaluz, debo decir que, en algunas ocasiones, sí que tendemos a pronunciar la &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt;, pero sobre todo con propósito de exageración (cómo no). No sé si las veces que has oído pronunciar la &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt; haya sido a personas andaluzas, en todo caso. Aquí la &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;pronunciada&lt;/em&gt; suena muy parecida a la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; del inglés, pero en nuestro caso el origen es más árabe. Ya que en otra respuesta se menciona el &lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt;, en Andalucía se usa la expresión &lt;code&gt;a hierro&lt;/code&gt; para indicar &lt;em&gt;a tope&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a por todas&lt;/em&gt;, pero pronunciada &quot;a jierro&quot; (la &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; pronunciada como se ha indicado). También se puede escuchar decir &lt;em&gt;qué jambre tengo&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la palabra concreta de la pregunta, &lt;code&gt;hiede&lt;/code&gt;, aquí se usa para indicar que algo huele muy mal, pero pronunciada más bien como &lt;em&gt;jiere&lt;/em&gt;, suavizando la &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; en una &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;. No estoy seguro, pero posiblemente sea un juego de palabras con el verbo &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt;, ya que un olor así &lt;em&gt;hiere&lt;/em&gt; los sentidos. Un ejemplo se puede escuchar en la canción &lt;em&gt;La mamaita&lt;/em&gt; del grupo &lt;em&gt;Mojinos Escozíos&lt;/em&gt;, al final del todo de la canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pronunciación oficial es, en todo caso y como han indicado ya, con la &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt; muda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T09:33:08.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16605" CreationDate="2016-05-11T09:44:51.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos casos en los que no se puede suponer cómo va a pronunciar la abreviatura el lector, queda en manos del que escribe el decidirlo. Si decide escribir &lt;code&gt;y HP&lt;/code&gt; es que supone (y, en cierto modo, obliga) que el lector va a pronunciar las siglas. Si escribe &lt;code&gt;e HP&lt;/code&gt;, supone que el lector va a pronunciar la versión completa sin abreviar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo parecido pasa cuando la conjunción va seguida de una palabra extranjera de cuya pronunciación no se está seguro. Así, tendríamos &lt;code&gt;la aplicación funciona en iPhone y iPad&lt;/code&gt; (suponemos que el lector va a decir &lt;em&gt;aipad&lt;/em&gt;) o &lt;code&gt;la aplicación funciona en iPhone e iPad&lt;/code&gt; (creemos que el lector va a decir &lt;em&gt;ipad&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T08:36:01.040" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T08:36:01.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2016-05-11T10:28:35.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi favorita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;helo ahí, helo aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un galicismo sería directamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/voil%C3%A0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vualá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T10:28:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16690" CreationDate="2016-05-11T10:39:15.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As 野原無 says, raisins (&lt;em&gt;pasas&lt;/em&gt;) are well known in Spain. But thinking a bit about the context, chapter XII of that book happens while travelling aboard the ship, just before landing. I don't think it possible to have grapes aboard for a long time, as grapes get rotten easily due to its water content. Raisins are just dried grapes and last for a very long time. So I think it must be just a translator's mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T10:39:15.623" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10344" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:01:32.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que es muuuy tarde para responder, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_from_indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas#Words_from_other_indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las palabras poncho y coypu&lt;/a&gt; (coypo) son reconocidas como usadas en inglés. Lamentablemente, &lt;em&gt;punchu&lt;/em&gt; también exisitía en Quechua y su origen es discutible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una fuente fértil de estas palabras son las especies nativas, algunas (pocas) de las cuales han alcanzado fama afuera, como la araucaria (de la que la &lt;em&gt;Araucaria araucana&lt;/em&gt; es tipo), el huemul y el choro/chorito. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición:&lt;/strong&gt; Quizá un poco más lejos de lo que buscas, pero todavía en el campo de palabras de origen mapudungún y ámbito universal, están los nombres y topónimos del &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Cato_censor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sistema solar&lt;/a&gt;: Colocolo, Caupolicán, Lautaro y Galvarino son asteroides; Lebu, Lota y Rengo son cráteres en Marte, y por último, Pillán ocupa parte importante de la superficie de Io, una de las lunas principales de Júpiter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición 2:&lt;/strong&gt; el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pud%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pudú&lt;/a&gt;, el ciervo más pequeño del mundo y nativo del sur de Chile y parte de Argentina, tiene nombre de origen mapudungún, y recibe ese nombre no sólo en castellano universal, sino en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848656#sitelinks-wikipedia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muchos otros idiomas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T12:55:20.107" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T12:55:20.107" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16712" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:33:50.947" Score="15" ViewCount="7203" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se llama &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot; a un &amp;quot;jack&amp;quot;? Esto es, el gato hidráulico o mecánico que se usa para levantar grandes pesos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, un &amp;quot;jack&amp;quot; no se parece para nada al animal &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is a &amp;quot;jack&amp;quot; called &amp;quot;un gato&amp;quot; in Spanish? A &amp;quot;jack&amp;quot; does not look like a cat to me, so where is the connection?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1630" LastEditDate="2021-02-12T14:27:37.923" LastActivityDate="2021-02-12T21:26:56.623" Title="Why is a &quot;jack&quot; called &quot;un gato&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;&lt;construcción-y-obra&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2016-05-11T15:58:14.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un insulto , es un modismo muy popular en Colombia en especial en Bogotá , Cali y Medellín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería el equivalente a &lt;strong&gt;partner&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;bro&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilízalo para saludar personas de confianza o en situaciones informales , adicionalmente también puedes usar &lt;strong&gt;bacan, hermano&lt;/strong&gt; que son sinónimos , sin embargo no uses &lt;strong&gt;parce&lt;/strong&gt; siempre, ya que puede ser una expresión grosera en un contexto formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T16:24:44.190" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T16:24:44.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16722" CreationDate="2016-05-11T16:38:37.930" Score="4" ViewCount="1660" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the function of &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; in the following sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdimos porque no nos concentramos &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12640" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T21:08:18.087" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T21:27:46.053" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;suficiente&quot; y &quot;lo suficiente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16712" CreationDate="2016-05-11T17:33:33.283" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complement what was said by guillem and Carlos Alejo, there are several other cases in which we give animal's name to the tools and vice versa, depending on some physical resemblance, as a metaphor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I give you a list of others that come to my mind, sorry if they are Chilean regionalisms, probably in other countries use other names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caimán&lt;/strong&gt; (alligator): in Chile locking pliers. In Colombia, Venezuela: jaw hair clip&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt; (dog): clothespin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;laucha&lt;/strong&gt; (a small rodent): &lt;strong&gt;fish&lt;/strong&gt; tape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;yegua&lt;/strong&gt; (mare): hand truck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mula&lt;/strong&gt; (mule): in Chile forklift, in Colombia 18 wheeler truck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mariposa&lt;/strong&gt; (butterfly): wing nut&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ratón&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;mouse&lt;/strong&gt; (plugged into my PC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiburón&lt;/strong&gt; (shark): jaw hair clip&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pata de cabra&lt;/strong&gt; (goat's paw): &lt;strong&gt;crow&lt;/strong&gt; bar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pico de loro&lt;/strong&gt; (parrot's beak): tongue-and-groove pliers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pico de pato&lt;/strong&gt; (duck's beak) : pipe wrench&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... And I add other examples given in the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zorra&lt;/strong&gt; (female fox) in Colombia: hand truck (thanks DGaleano)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pulpo&lt;/strong&gt; (octopus): luggage strap (thanks guillem, this and next 3))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojo de buey&lt;/strong&gt; (bull's eye): porthole&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojo de pez&lt;/strong&gt;: fisheye&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-llamar-grifo-a-la-llave-de-paso-del-agua/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;grifo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (griffin): faucet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perico&lt;/strong&gt; (parrot): in Mexico adjustable wrenches (thanks J A Terroba)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NceUIet%7CNcixjba&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;loro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (parrot): radiocasete (thanks fedorqui)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T22:17:17.257" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-05-11T19:46:30.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suficiente viene a ser cuando lo que tienes es justo lo que necesitas, ni más ni menos, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡suficiente!, ¡ya no peleen mas! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero en cambio &lt;code&gt;lo suficiente&lt;/code&gt;, es cuando se habla acerca de algún objeto que tenga como acción ser suficiente, en general se usa como que algún objeto pueda o no ser lo necesario, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿crees que la carne sea lo suficiente como para que Juan se llene el estómago?` &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;code&gt;Perdimos porque no nos concentramos lo suficiente&lt;/code&gt;, quiere decir que faltó concentración, como dije antes &lt;code&gt;lo suficiente&lt;/code&gt; quiere decir que puede que haya faltado o exista mucho del objeto que se quiere medir si es &lt;code&gt;lo suficiente&lt;/code&gt;, en tu caso concentración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12642" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T20:01:42.977" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T20:01:42.977" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-05-11T19:59:24.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complement the previous answer, the function of &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is to render the adjective into a noun. So, you can have sentences like &lt;em&gt;lo bonito siempre atrae más&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective rendered into a noun. It is just the compressed version of &lt;em&gt;lo que es bonito&lt;/em&gt;. With your sentence is the same thing, &lt;em&gt;lo suficiente&lt;/em&gt; is just &lt;em&gt;lo que era suficiente&lt;/em&gt; with some words missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T19:59:24.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16533" CreationDate="2016-05-11T20:03:55.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré un artículo que habla acerca del uso de la palabra mala leche, puedes leerlo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/2643490/Origen-de-la-expresion-mala-leche.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, al final habla que se usaba como un insulto, en cambio la frase dar leche en España tiene como hipótesis la misma historia solo que les amenazaban con dar leche de otras personas como insulto hasta que termino siendo usado como golpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12642" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T20:03:55.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16712" CreationDate="2016-05-11T20:04:00.990" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to say that this also happens in English. See this article from &lt;a href=&quot;https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=22&amp;amp;dat=19160507&amp;amp;id=VNQDAAAAIBAJ&amp;amp;sjid=4igDAAAAIBAJ&amp;amp;pg=5022,3136247&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;google.com/newspapers&lt;/a&gt; about &lt;em&gt;tools with animal names&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Tools with Animal Names&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you ever realized what a number of appliances have been named&#xA;  after animals? asks Answers. And can you furnish an explanation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mechanic puts his work upon a horse, or buck, and he punches it or&#xA;  bends it by a convenient bear. Hoisting is done by a crab, a&#xA;  convenient cat is part of the outfit of a shop crane, and a kit of&#xA;  tools is ever at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A crow helps to straighten work, a jack to lift it; a mule pulley&#xA;  helps to drive machinery which a donkey engine turns. A fish connects&#xA;  parts end to end, shells are used all over, while a worm does quiet&#xA;  but powerful work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Again, a cock shuts off the water; a ram lifts it. A printing press&#xA;  has a fly, the first locomotive had a grasshopper valve motion, and&#xA;  butterfly valves are common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Herring bone gears are used by the best builders; turtles fit printing&#xA;  press cylinders, and flywheels are running all over the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also a guess, it could be that some tools resemble animals such as alligator clips, resembling an alligator jaw, and crowbars and crow foot wrenches, resembling a crow's foot. Then it became commonplace to name tools after animals, regardless of similarities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12643" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T09:56:13.560" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T09:56:13.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1642" CreationDate="2016-05-11T20:09:20.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This also applies to the &lt;em&gt;defining&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;non-defining&lt;/em&gt; relative clauses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; for the relative pronouns &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is the nurse who helped me = Esta es la enfermera &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me ayudó.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is the farm which was built in 1978 = Esta es la granja &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; se construyó en 1978.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this can be even more complicated because we introduce &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; in clauses where English sentences don't have them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think I'll go = Creo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; iré.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Considering that &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; often triggers the subjunctive in present or past depending of the context:  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I asked you to bring it = Te pedí &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; lo traigas/trajeras.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case, &lt;strong&gt;verb + object + infinitive&lt;/strong&gt; often triggers a &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; in a Spanish sentence. We could also have &lt;em&gt;te pedí traerlo&lt;/em&gt;, invoking the infinitive and no &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; is shown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T20:09:20.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-05-11T20:54:50.507" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Suficiente&quot; is an adjective, and as such determines a noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No queda &lt;strong&gt;suficiente comida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a special case that can also determine a verb: when it precedes by a neutral article &quot;lo&quot; (&lt;em&gt;quantitative lo&lt;/em&gt;) and works as an adverb of quantity. This situation occurs only with 5 adjectives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No nos concentramos &lt;strong&gt;lo suficiente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No traes &lt;strong&gt;lo necesario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traje solo &lt;strong&gt;lo imprescindible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré &lt;strong&gt;lo conveniente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale &lt;strong&gt;lo justo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: this answer only applies to adjectives indicated (&lt;em&gt;suficiente, necesario, conveniente, imprescindible&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;justo&lt;/em&gt;). In any other case &quot;lo&quot; is a nominalizer, as noted in the response of Carlos Alejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T21:22:18.720" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T21:22:18.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16731" CreationDate="2016-05-11T21:01:38.850" Score="2" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a name for riddles that use two languages - such that only people who know both languages would understand them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example/Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question/Pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;: What do you call a hog that is always asking questions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer/Respuesta&lt;/strong&gt;: Por que Pig&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, you have to know at least a little of both languages to &quot;get&quot; the answer - is there &quot;such a thing&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:59:30.857" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:59:30.857" Title="Is there a name for riddles that use two languages - such that only people who know both languages would understand them?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-05-11T21:09:06.530" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;lo&quot; is the neutral definite article. It is used when you need to use the definite article to refer to an abstract concept that comes from an adjective. In essence, &quot;lo suficiente&quot; means &quot;that which is sufficient&quot;. This article is always used with the adjective in singular masculine form, i.e. &quot;lo suficiente&quot; is grammatically correct but &quot;lo suficientes&quot; is not. The word &quot;lo&quot; can also be used with other modifiers, not just adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ESraxkH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, the formal definition is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ante adjetivos en masculino singular, complementos prepositivos con la preposición de u oraciones de relativo, forma sintagmas nominales definidos que denotan entidades a las que se atribuyen las propiedades descritas por tales modificadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English this means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Before masculine singular adjectives, prepositional phrases with the preposition &quot;de&quot;, or relatives clauses, it &lt;em&gt;(lo)&lt;/em&gt; forms definite noun phrases that denote entities to which the properties described by the modifier are attributed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are examples of the three types of modifiers listen in the definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives: &quot;lo sufuciente&quot; = &quot;that which is sufficient&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prepositional phrase with &quot;de&quot;: &quot;lo de México&quot; = &quot;that which has to do with Mexico&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relative clause: &quot;lo que digo&quot; = &quot;that which I say&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your sentence means &quot;We lost because we did not concentrate enough&quot;, or &quot;we lost because we did not concentrate a sufficient amount&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives can also be turned into nouns using &quot;el/la/los/las&quot; if they refer to a person. In this case, the adjective agrees in gender and number with who it describes. For example, &quot;lo bueno&quot; means &quot;that which is good&quot;, but &quot;el bueno/la buena&quot; means &quot;the good man/woman.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T21:27:46.053" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T21:27:46.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16730" CreationDate="2016-05-12T03:20:06.240" Score="1" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has many words formed by joining a verb with a noun which together describe the object that the word refers to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuentagotas, paraguas, rascacielos, etc...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When did these types of words first enter Spanish? Is this method of forming words from Latin, or a later development? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-06T11:21:51.930" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T11:21:51.930" Title="Origin of verb-noun compound words" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16727" CreationDate="2016-05-12T05:32:12.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just vocabulary.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The same happens if you use &lt;em&gt;parachoques = bumper&lt;/em&gt;, that's like saying &lt;em&gt;que para los choques&lt;/em&gt; (here &lt;em&gt;para = detiene&lt;/em&gt;) or words like &lt;em&gt;know-it-all = sabelotodo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's similar with the English compound nouns, you get to know them as a vocabulary. For instance, &lt;em&gt;ashtray = cenicero&lt;/em&gt;, but nobody says &lt;em&gt;bandeja para cenizas&lt;/em&gt;, because it's long and we can resume it with one word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though, nowadays these &lt;strong&gt;verb + noun collocations&lt;/strong&gt; are being created with anything, but that it's a regional thing probably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T05:32:12.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16727" CreationDate="2016-05-12T07:42:14.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In latin there are also words formed by the union of other words, and it was quite common. The trick is, in latin the verb was positioned at the end of the sentence. So the compound words were something like &lt;code&gt;calefactio&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;calefacio&lt;/code&gt;, that comes from &lt;code&gt;calens&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hot&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;code&gt;facio&lt;/code&gt; (from &lt;code&gt;facere&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;to do&lt;/em&gt;), so &lt;code&gt;calefacio&lt;/code&gt; is just a &quot;hot maker&quot;. Notice that the verb part of the word is at the end of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples that don't include verbs are &lt;code&gt;respublica&lt;/code&gt;, that comes from &lt;code&gt;res&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;thing&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;code&gt;publica&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;pública&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;public&lt;/em&gt;), and &lt;code&gt;aquaeductus&lt;/code&gt;, that comes from &lt;code&gt;aquae&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;water&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;code&gt;ductus&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;conducción&lt;/em&gt;, maybe &lt;em&gt;pipe&lt;/em&gt;?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, maybe we will have to track the origin of the compound words before the latin language. Maybe they are even older than the written expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:42:14.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16723" CreationDate="2016-05-12T08:18:44.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There exists a &lt;em&gt;reverse dictionary&lt;/em&gt; where you can try to search a word given its definition: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;DIRAE&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt;. I have tried to search your proposal, but no results were found. In fact, I have never heard of something like that, so I would go for something like &lt;em&gt;adivinanza bilingüe&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bilingual riddle&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:18:44.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16733" CreationDate="2016-05-12T09:46:48.033" Score="9" ViewCount="49274" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llevo toda mi vida escuchándolo y en estos últimos años, de cuando en vez me he preguntado el por qué de esta frase ya que, leída literalmente, al contrario que otras frases hechas, es imposible verle el sentido por el cual &lt;em&gt;cagarse encima de una prostituta&lt;/em&gt; podría ser un gesto de enfado o rabia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T14:12:24.573" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T09:44:27.567" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;me cago en la puta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16732" CreationDate="2016-05-12T10:21:23.190" Score="18" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las expresiones insultantes empiezan muchas veces por &lt;em&gt;me cago en...&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  siendo típica la referencia a la &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; (en la madre que te parió, en&#xA;  tu puta madre, en la puta de oros, en la puta de bastos, en la puta&#xA;  madre que te cagó), a la &lt;em&gt;leche&lt;/em&gt; (la leche, la puta leche, la leche&#xA;  que mamaste), otros &lt;em&gt;parientes&lt;/em&gt; (tu padre, tus muertos), o&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;blasfemias&lt;/em&gt; (en Dios, en diez, en la hostia, en el copón divino).&#xA;  —De Miguel, Jesús M.; Moyer, Melissa G. &lt;em&gt;La cárcel de las palabras: ensayo sobre el lenguaje y la desigualdad social&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior (y la propia experiencia) me sugiere que la expresión en cuestión está desemantizada y la «gracia» consiste en yuxtaponer una palabra malsonante —cual sea— al improperio, simplemente por la fuerza liberadora que le añade, sin importar que la yuxtaposición resultante tenga mucho sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T10:21:23.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-12T10:29:58.420" Score="4" ViewCount="7815" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia oímos frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Sabes qué? Hoy le dije a mi jefe que no quiero trabajar más horas&#xA;  extras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anda ya, &lt;strong&gt;no me tomes el pelo&lt;/strong&gt;: tú eres incapaz de decir algo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, con &quot;tomar el pelo&quot; nos referimos a burlarse de alguien, o incluso engañarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco su origen y no encuentro nada concluyente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sigificadoyorigen.wordpress.com/2010/05/27/tomar-el-pelo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;unos opinan&lt;/a&gt; que viene de la costumbre de cortar el pelo a los reclusos, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t2077/el-origen-de-la-expresion-tomar-el-pelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;otros también mencionan&lt;/a&gt; la opción de que tocar la barba era un gesto ofensivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, parece que no hay quorum al respeto. ¿Alguien tiene fuentes fiables sobre su origen? Además: ¿se usa en todos los países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T11:25:51.593" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T17:22:21.570" Title="¿Por qué &quot;tomar el pelo&quot; a alguien significa engañarlo o burlarse de él?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23844" CreationDate="2016-05-12T10:59:05.817" Score="9" ViewCount="33824" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo obvio en el año que corre es que el &lt;em&gt;color carne&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a un color similar al de la piel de algunas personas, pero no de todas. Por eso me gustaría saber si existe alguna denominación &amp;quot;estándar&amp;quot; para este color, que no se base en colores de piel.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A39DU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A39DU.png&quot; alt=&quot;Color Carne&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-12-31T08:37:22.510" LastActivityDate="2021-01-15T09:49:18.010" Title="¿Existe una versión del &quot;color carne&quot; que no se refiera al color de piel de un grupo determinado de personas?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2016-05-12T11:30:18.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre el &lt;em&gt;beige&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5IPkO8W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beis&lt;/a&gt;), como algo lo suficientemente vago para denominar a bastantes de esos colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1cItX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1cItX.png&quot; alt=&quot;Beige shades&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De pequeño en la escuela le llamábamos color carne a los crayones rosados más claros que el color salmón. Siempre pensé que el nombre se refería a la carne de los filetes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente de la imagen: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2013/09/the-awesomeness-of-beige/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The awesomeness of beige&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T17:41:13.267" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T17:41:13.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2016-05-12T12:33:08.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;beige, café/marrón claro...&#xA; Creo que será difícil encontrar una palabra que abarque todos los colores de piel, porque incluso en el rango que tú presentas hay mucha variación, desde &quot;caramelo&quot; hasta &quot;avena&quot;. Creo que valdría la pena reformular para qué necesitas una palabra que los abarque a esos y sólo a esos, o utilizar un término genérico que los incluya a todos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T12:33:08.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10344" CreationDate="2016-05-12T14:48:56.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te puedo decir con lágrimas en los ojos que las 2 únicas palabras con que el pueblo mapuche salió al mundo son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poto&lt;/strong&gt;: culo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pichula&lt;/strong&gt;: pene&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las dos son usadas en partes de Perú, Bolivia y Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poncho&lt;/em&gt; no es mapudungun, aquí manta se dice (decía) makuñ. Poncho es quechua, de ahí vino la palabra. Los chilenos dicen poncho pero los mapuches prefieren manta, que es como se dice en el campo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas palabras mapuches vienen del quechua, porque era parte del imperio inca, pero &quot;poto&quot; significa otra cosa en quechua (&lt;em&gt;jarro&lt;/em&gt;). En mapuche significa &quot;trasero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pichula&quot; igual que &quot;pinin&quot;, &quot;pico&quot;, &quot;pichi&quot; es una onomatopeya de &quot;orinar&quot; unida a la palabra quechua &quot;chunchula&quot; que significa tripa. &quot;Pinin&quot; es pene en mapudungun. &quot;Pico&quot; es como los chilenos le dicen al pene en confianza. &quot;Pichí&quot; es orina. &quot;Pichula&quot; es &quot;pene&quot; pero más grosero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12649" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T22:29:58.313" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T22:29:58.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16780" CreationDate="2016-05-13T09:10:01.903" Score="5" ViewCount="3456" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia decimos &quot;o sea&quot; para conectar dos frases, normalmente la segunda siendo una explicación o consecuencia de la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana me voy a la playa, &lt;strong&gt;o sea&lt;/strong&gt; que nada de llamarme al móvil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE apenas menciona lo siguiente en la entrada &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;( ... )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;o sea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. es decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien esto podría tener cierto sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. U. para afirmar o negar en lo que se dice o pretende. Esto es.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿cuál es el origen y el sentido de esta construcción? ¿Cómo una forma del tipo &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;conjunción disyuntiva&amp;gt; + &amp;lt;presente del subjuntivo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; se convierte en un conector?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además -y como siempre- ¿se usa en otros lugares que no sea España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:30:19.430" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;o sea&quot; para expresar &quot;es decir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16740" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16742" CreationDate="2016-05-13T17:34:17.160" Score="3" ViewCount="598" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish with Collins Easy Learning Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The stairs are over there, to your right. = La escalera está allí, a&#xA;  su derecha. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There’s a tourist office over there. = Hay una oficina de&#xA;  turismo allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does only one example use &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt; to indicate direction?&#xA;Is there a rule that applies to using &lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt; for direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T17:57:34.003" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T01:05:43.780" Title="&quot;Está&quot; when giving directions" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16740" CreationDate="2016-05-13T17:54:33.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no rules. &quot;Está&quot; is the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; that in your first example is the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; there&quot; (verb to be) part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your second example the same verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in &quot;There &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is translated to &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hay&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;verbo haber&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the translation of a single English verb &quot;to be&quot; into two different Spanish verbs &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is one of the most difficult things to learn, but you will get it with time and practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To further give you tools to understand this sentences let me point out that you could translate the second sentence like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La oficina de turismo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the same way that you could've said that in English like &quot;The tourist office &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; over there&quot;. Notice the placement of &quot;is&quot; in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T17:59:36.357" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T17:59:36.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16740" CreationDate="2016-05-13T19:20:23.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When &lt;em&gt;there is&lt;/em&gt; points to something you were already talking about (i.e. you would use the determinate article &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt;), it is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; because you were only missing its location.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, when &lt;em&gt;there is&lt;/em&gt; refers to something that is either completely new or just being specified (i.e. you would use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;), it is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; because you are reporting its existence/presence as well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare DRAE's definition for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GnJiqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estar, meaning 3&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jv4Frsm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;haber, meanings 8&amp;amp;9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the difference between presence and location may become subtle and fuzzy at times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T01:05:43.780" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T01:05:43.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16734" CreationDate="2016-05-14T02:21:52.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí se me ocurre (no tengo ninguna fuente) que debe de venir de &lt;em&gt;tomar &quot;del&quot; pelo&lt;/em&gt;, donde &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt; y no a &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;. Podría referirse simplemente a la acción de sujetar a alguien por el cabello, lo cual es bastante molesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12660" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T11:34:00.003" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T11:34:00.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16747" CreationDate="2016-05-14T04:21:15.950" Score="2" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que él lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I wanted to say the opposite in the simplest and most precise way posible it seems I have a few obvious options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creo que él lo haga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creía/creí que él lo hiciera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creo que él lo haya hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creía/creí que él lo hubiera hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These all seem solidly grammatically correct. But in my mind none of those are actually precise. They all change the meaning and a reverse translation does not (in my mind) give the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to say is that the belief is right now and I want to keep the present tense in the independent clause. I want to use the required subjunctive and I want to indicate that the dependent clause was in the past but does not continue to the present. So I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creo que él lo hiciera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Native speakers always seem to understand me, I don't get corrected, I've seen a few (very non-authoritative) &quot;real world&quot; uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://noticias.lainformacion.com/deporte/tenis/nadal-no-creo-que-hiciera-un-mal-partido_UwqcWOT9vQw53pkHGond31/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://noticias.lainformacion.com/deporte/tenis/nadal-no-creo-que-hiciera-un-mal-partido_UwqcWOT9vQw53pkHGond31/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(interested in the headline nothing more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there's even this which a few other sites seems to copy verbatim:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100058/imperfect-subjunctive#.VzaOG5HhDIU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100058/imperfect-subjunctive#.VzaOG5HhDIU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Number 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the spanishdict &quot;Reference Article&quot; has various errors, most other explanations of uses of the Imperfect Subjunctive do not cover this usage and I have seen other posts here on StackExchange which seem to imply that this would be incorrect. I have looked in the RAE for guidance but cannot seem to find what I am looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the precision and clarity of understanding in option 5, should I keep using it or is its usage on shaky/incorrect ground and I should forget about it before it becomes a bad habit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T22:30:21.260" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T22:30:21.260" Title="Imperfect Subjunctive with present tense independent clause?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16746" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T10:58:37.727" Score="1" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de oraciones introduce la conjunción &lt;strong&gt;a no ser que&lt;/strong&gt;: condicionales o concesivas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No debía tener más de veinte años, y no parecía con ánimos de carnaval, &lt;strong&gt;a no ser que estuviera disfrazada de inválida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12664" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T22:23:24.163" Title="¿Una oración condicional o concesiva?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16744" CreationDate="2016-05-14T11:28:04.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Guifa already explained in the comments section, the subjunctive mood is less specific than the indicative. Thus, the nine forms of the indicative correspond to only four forms in the subjunctive, which means there isn't a one-to-one relationship between both moods&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMfzIHJljBWwTHKE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; can be the subjunctive counterpart of three forms&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wuzzKmRAvXLETfWB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt;: Pensé que &lt;strong&gt;llegó&lt;/strong&gt; → No pensé que llegara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;: Pensé que &lt;strong&gt;llegaba&lt;/strong&gt; → No pensé que llegara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Condicional&lt;/em&gt;: Pensé que &lt;strong&gt;llegaría&lt;/strong&gt; → No pensé que llegara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; is usually used when the main verb is in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creí que lo hiciera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this is not the only possibility. As &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OMhNxVHkUcZKIgxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NGLE&lt;/a&gt; explains, the main verb can also be in the present tense, giving rise to two perfectly grammatical constructions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(i) No creí que lo hiciera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (ii) No creo que lo hiciera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ii) is the negated counterpart of &lt;em&gt;Creo que lo hizo&lt;/em&gt;, while (i) is the counterpart of &lt;em&gt;Creí que lo haría&lt;/em&gt;. An important difference between the two, as NGLE goes on to say, is that only (i) implies that he actually did it.&#xA;In other words, (i) negates a belief, while (ii) negates a fact rather than a belief:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(i) No creí que lo hiciera. = No tenía la creencia de que lo fuera a hacer (pero lo hizo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (ii) No creo que lo hiciera. = No lo hizo, a mi parecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it is also true that &lt;em&gt;No creo que lo haya hecho&lt;/em&gt; is slightly more common than &lt;em&gt;No creo que lo hiciera&lt;/em&gt;. Strictly speaking, &lt;em&gt;No creo que lo &lt;strong&gt;haya hecho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the negated counterpart of &lt;em&gt;Creo que lo &lt;strong&gt;ha hecho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;No creo que lo &lt;strong&gt;hiciera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the counterpart of &lt;em&gt;Creo que lo &lt;strong&gt;hizo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. However, &lt;em&gt;No creo que lo haya hecho&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used when &lt;em&gt;Creo que lo hizo&lt;/em&gt; is what would be expected in the positive statement. That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que Unamuno &lt;strong&gt;murió&lt;/strong&gt; en 1936. (&lt;em&gt;Creo que Unamuno ha muerto en 1936&lt;/em&gt; isn't good style)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No creo que Unamuno &lt;strong&gt;haya muerto/muriese&lt;/strong&gt; en 1936. (Both &lt;em&gt;haya muerto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;muriese&lt;/em&gt; are good style).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your case, both forms are correct and neither makes my alarm go off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's take a  look at your other alternatives and their positive counterparts. Since the subjunctive is less specific, there may be more than one positive statement for each negative one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que él lo haga → Creo que él lo hace/hará&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creía/creí que él lo hiciera → Creí/creía que él lo hizo/hacía/haría&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que él lo haya hecho → Creo que él lo ha hecho/hizo/habrá hecho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creía/creí que él lo hubiera hecho → Creía/creí que él lo había hecho/habría hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, &lt;em&gt;No creo que él lo haya hecho&lt;/em&gt; is a possible alternative to &lt;em&gt;No creo que él lo hiciera&lt;/em&gt;. Nevertheless, I have to say here that RAE doesn't list the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt; (hizo) as a possitive counterpart for the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; (haya hecho)&lt;sup&gt;see link 1&lt;/sup&gt;. I don't know why, but I have to admit that &lt;em&gt;No creo que Unamuno muriese en 1936&lt;/em&gt; sounds better than &lt;em&gt;No creo que Unamuno haya muerto en 1936&lt;/em&gt;. The latter, on the other hand, doesn't sound as bad as &lt;em&gt;Creo que Unamuno ha muerto en 1936&lt;/em&gt;, so it's obviously more complicated than just &lt;em&gt;ha muerto → haya muerto&lt;/em&gt;. Maybe someone can elaborate on that a little bit further. For all I know, &lt;em&gt;No creo que él lo hiciera&lt;/em&gt; is most certainly &lt;strong&gt;not incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;, and it sounds perfectly natural to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T11:28:04.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T13:03:01.723" Score="1" ViewCount="4967" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por mucho que lo &lt;strong&gt;intentara&lt;/strong&gt;, no lograba eludir la presencia del marido muerto: por donde &lt;strong&gt;quiera&lt;/strong&gt; que iba, por donde &lt;strong&gt;quiera&lt;/strong&gt; que&#xA;  pasaba, en cualquier cosa que &lt;strong&gt;hacía&lt;/strong&gt; tropezaba con algo suyo que se&#xA;  lo recordaba.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué los verbos &lt;strong&gt;intentar&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;querer&lt;/strong&gt; tienen las formas del subjuntivo y el verbo &lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt; no? &lt;strong&gt;Hacer&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a la construcción concesiva &lt;em&gt;por más/mucho que&lt;/em&gt; o me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12665" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T22:30:52.357" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T17:51:05.297" Title="Construcción concesiva &quot;por más/mucho que&quot; en el subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16748" CreationDate="2016-05-14T15:25:26.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas (subjuntivo o indicativo) son válidas. La frase se podría haber escrito con los verbos en indicativo o en subjuntivo y ambas habrían sido correctas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mucho que lo &lt;strong&gt;intentaba&lt;/strong&gt;, no lograba eludir la presencia del marido muerto: por donde quiera que &lt;strong&gt;iba&lt;/strong&gt;, por donde quiera que &lt;strong&gt;pasaba&lt;/strong&gt;, en cualquier cosa que &lt;strong&gt;hacía&lt;/strong&gt; tropezaba con algo suyo que se lo recordaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mucho que lo &lt;strong&gt;intentara&lt;/strong&gt;, no lograba eludir la presencia del marido muerto: por donde quiera que &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt;, por donde quiera que &lt;strong&gt;pasara&lt;/strong&gt;, en cualquier cosa que &lt;strong&gt;hiciera&lt;/strong&gt; tropezaba con algo suyo que se lo recordaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación es más o menos la misma que la de esta otra pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/16643/c%C3%B3mo-puedo-explicar-el-uso-del-subjuntivo-en-esta-frase/16644#16644&quot;&gt;¿Cómo puedo explicar el uso del subjuntivo en esta frase?&lt;/a&gt;. En resumen, las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2011/10/ejemplos-de-oracion-subordinada_847.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cláusulas concesivas&lt;/a&gt; pueden ser &lt;strong&gt;hipotéticas&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;factuales&lt;/strong&gt;. Son hipotéticas cuando la subordinada describe una situación que, en caso de ser real, sería un impedimento para otra cosa; y son factuales si describen una situación que se da como cierta independientemente de la cláusula principal. Mientras que las primeras admiten solo el subjuntivo, las segundas admiten el indicativo y el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Por mucho/más que&amp;quot; es una locución subordinante que crea cláusulas concesivas. Que una conjunción cree cláusulas concesivas hipotéticas o factuales no suele ser algo inherente a la conjunción en cuestión. Más bien, es el contexto y la elección de los verbos lo que suele desambiguar. Así, &amp;quot;por mucho que&amp;quot; introduce una concesiva hipotética en (1) pero factual en (2):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por mucho que Pepe me &lt;strong&gt;pida&lt;/strong&gt; perdón, no se lo voy a perdonar jamás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por mucho que Pepe me &lt;strong&gt;pidió&lt;/strong&gt; perdón, no se lo perdoné jamás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En (1) el uso del subjuntivo no implica necesariamente que Pepe no pida o haya pedido perdón, pero tampoco indica que sí lo haga. El indicativo en (2) sí implica claramente que Pepe pidió perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La locución &amp;quot;por mucho/más que...&amp;quot; suele ir seguida del subjuntivo. Cuando va seguida del indicativo, su significado es equivalente a &amp;quot;a pesar de que&amp;quot; (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnQRtCYaKZFoTFha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§ 25.13g&lt;/a&gt;). En la frase de la pregunta, se da como factual porque los verbos de la oración principal (&amp;quot;lograba&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;tropezaba&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;recordaba&amp;quot;) están en pasado, lo cual impide la interpretación hipotética. En otras palabras, la frase de la pregunta y las dos de arriba significan prácticamente lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &amp;quot;por donde quiera que...&amp;quot;, solo se usa el subjuntivo porque es una frase hecha. Si se toma literalmente, la construcción &amp;quot;por donde quiera que&amp;quot; no tiene mucho sentido. Como expresión, significa &amp;quot;en cualquier lugar que o sea donde sea que&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E8JIKmq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;). De hecho, es común encontrarla como una sola palabra: &lt;em&gt;dondequiera&lt;/em&gt;, o incluso &lt;em&gt;doquiera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;doquier&lt;/em&gt;, ambas existentes en español desde hace ya por lo menos siete siglos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E dio al trasllado que yo della fiziese, autoridat e interpuso su [decreto para que va]liese e fiziese fe, &lt;strong&gt;doquiera que&lt;/strong&gt; aparesçiese, así commo faría la dicha carta oryginal, paresçiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo (1351). &lt;em&gt;Traslado de una carta de merced [Documentos del Monasterio de Santa Clara de Villalobos]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esto respondemos que mandaremos dar nuestras cartas para los merinos e para los otros officiales, que lles tomen todo quanto lles fallaren por &lt;strong&gt;doquier que&lt;/strong&gt; lo fallen fasta que paguen lo que ouieren de pagar en la taxación e lo entreguen al prelado para lo pagar al que lo quiere de auer por nos;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo (1326). &lt;em&gt;Privilegio rodado [Documentos de la catedral de León]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T15:38:09.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16750" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17079" CreationDate="2016-05-14T20:16:06.603" Score="6" ViewCount="8058" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es algo común en España decir que estamos &lt;em&gt;aplatanados&lt;/em&gt; cuando nos falta la energía, estamos indolentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Esta siesta me ha dejado &lt;strong&gt;aplatanado&lt;/strong&gt;: no me apetece hacer nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Desde que lo dejó la novia, Juan está &lt;strong&gt;aplatanado&lt;/strong&gt;: no hay quien lo&#xA;  saque por ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta muy divertida la expresión y me pregunto cuál es su origen. Buscándolo, he encontrado quien dice que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariolibre.com/definition.php?word=Aplatanado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aplatanado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;República Dominicana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dícese de una persona, cosa o concepto que se ha adaptado a la cultura&#xA;  o modo de vida dominicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿es esta la acepción original, transfiriéndose el concepto de &quot;calma caribeña&quot;? ¿se usa en algún otro país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T22:35:11.703" LastActivityDate="2020-08-03T12:25:31.677" Title="¿Por qué en España decimos que estamos &quot;aplatanados&quot; cuando nos sentimos indolentes, sin ánimo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16751" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T22:49:23.500" Score="0" ViewCount="652" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the following a correct usage of the exclamation point? That is, using the exclamation point in the beginning and at the end of a one word statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome - &lt;strong&gt;!Bienvenidos!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12670" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T14:57:08.553" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T14:57:08.553" Title="Exclamation Point" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-15T15:06:52.837" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16751" CreationDate="2016-05-14T22:59:24.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is. However, as always, the exclamation point before must be inverted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Bienvenidos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T14:55:22.990" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T14:55:22.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-15T16:14:28.233" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es verdad que la locución &lt;strong&gt;aun cuando&lt;/strong&gt;, si se utiliza con el mismo sentido que &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;a pesar de&lt;/em&gt;, pertenece al lenguaje literario/culto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12673" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T21:33:37.587" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T21:33:37.587" Title="¿Es &quot;aun cuando&quot; utilizado solamente en el lenguaje culto o literario?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16755" CreationDate="2016-05-15T16:45:41.730" Score="0" ViewCount="466" Body="&lt;p&gt;I translate 'whenever' using subjunctive; ie. 'whenever you want' I would translate as 'cuando quieras'. I think this is correct, possibly it isn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also use subjunctive for 'do y at the specified time in the future when x becomes true'. An example is 'let me know when you are ready', which I would translate as 'díme cuando estés listo'. I also think this is correct, again possibly it's not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this poses a problem for me when I want to say 'do y at the specific time in the future when you want to' (ie. for the condition 'x' I now use the verb querer). An example is 'let me know when you want to go', which using the same grammar as above I translate as 'díme cuando quieras ir'.&#xA;But then using my translation for 'whenever', then this means more like 'let me know whenever you want go', which I feel like has a bit of a different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain this to me? Perhaps these two translations really mean the same thing pretty much in English and I'm just over-thinking it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9024" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T19:52:59.433" Title="When + subjunctive" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16754" CreationDate="2016-05-15T17:24:12.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to express&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tell me at what time you want to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime cuándo quieres ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;cuándo&lt;/em&gt; takes an accent mark in this case because it's an interrogative clause, it will be the stressed word when pronouncing the sentence. Also, the verb is in indicative mood because we already established that you want to go, just don't know the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to express:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The moment you want to go, tell me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime cuando quieras ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No accent in &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;. This can be more clearly stated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando quieras ir, dime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;whenever you want&lt;/em&gt; can have different different translations, according to its meaning, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando quieras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando sea que quieras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cada vez que quieras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Todas las veces que quieras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it will &quot;clash&quot; with the translation for &lt;em&gt;when you want&lt;/em&gt; only when they mean more or less the same. If you want to stress the &quot;I don't mind when&quot; aspect of whenever, you can use &lt;em&gt;cuando sea&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that &lt;em&gt;whenever&lt;/em&gt; not always implies subjunctive. When it means &lt;em&gt;every time&lt;/em&gt;, the subordinated sentence may be in indicative if you are not talking about the future. For instance, I searched for &lt;em&gt;whenever&lt;/em&gt; on this site and found the following phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Whenever I go to a restaurant I see a Libro de Reclamaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Whenever I try to say words like &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;arroyo&lt;/em&gt;, I sound like I'm telling a pirate joke.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Siempre que voy a un restaurante, veo un Libro de Reclamaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cada vez que trato de decir palabras como &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;arroyo&lt;/em&gt;, parece que estoy contando un chiste de piratas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T19:52:59.433" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T19:52:59.433" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16754" CreationDate="2016-05-15T17:40:22.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;when + subjunctive&lt;/em&gt; is used for an action you want to be done, in a &lt;em&gt;certain&lt;/em&gt; future:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime cuando &lt;strong&gt;estés&lt;/strong&gt; listo para salir = You're not ready, but as soon as you are, we'll go out.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;when + indicativo&lt;/em&gt; is used for a visible action in the present:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;tienes&lt;/strong&gt; hijos ... = I have children ... (present situation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how the meaning changes if we replace &lt;em&gt;tienes&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;tengas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;tengas&lt;/strong&gt; hijos ... = I don't have them. I could have children, but I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, use the subjunctive when the situation is not true in the present. Use the indicative when there's present evidence where the situation is true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T17:40:22.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16758" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-15T20:35:14.803" Score="2" ViewCount="655" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensaba que las subordinadas concesivas se construyen con subjuntivo (bueno a veces también con indicativo). Aquí tengo un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque&lt;/strong&gt; le habría gustado señalarle que nadie estaba en aquel almuerzo&#xA;  por lo que pensaba sino por los méritos de su alcurnia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es normal que &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; vaya en condicional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T21:29:29.227" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T09:04:31.933" Title="Aunque + condicional" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16753" CreationDate="2016-05-15T21:32:57.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada de aun del DRAE se menciona esta construcción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ObzbDY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aun cuando&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. conjunt. conc. aunque. No renunciará a su patrimonio aun cuando tenga que luchar por él en los tribunales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. conjunt. conc.&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir locución conjuntiva&#xA;  concesiva&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE suele ser bastante exhaustivo en estas cuestiones y aquí no menciona que su uso sea culto. A mí, personalmente, no me lo parece en exceso. Sí es verdad que no es la frase que diría mirando un partido de fútbol con los amigotes, pero tampoco tiene una connotación demasiado exquisita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T21:32:57.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16765" CreationDate="2016-05-15T21:57:05.837" Score="2" ViewCount="3570" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.granma.cu/mundo/2016-05-12/por-que-fracasaron-los-benjamines-12-05-2016-23-05-09&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; en un periódico cubano y me encontré con el siguiente parágrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este político (...) alcanzó cierta notoriedad como integrante de la&#xA;  llamada “pandilla de los ocho”, un grupo de senadores (cuatro&#xA;  demócratas y cuatro republicanos) quienes elaboraron y propusieron un&#xA;  proyecto (...) el cual fue aprobado (...) pero quedó &lt;strong&gt;engavetado&lt;/strong&gt; en&#xA;  la Cámara de Representantes (...) a pesar de que el propio Rubio&#xA;  también se pronunció a favor de &lt;strong&gt;engavetar&lt;/strong&gt; la propuesta de ley ya&#xA;  aprobada por el Senado, valiéndole acusaciones de “cambiacasacas”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En él me costó entender la palabra &lt;em&gt;engavetar&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que busqué y vi que el DRAE lo recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FMbikWn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;engavetar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Cuba, El Salv., Nic., R. Dom. y Ven. Detener o paralizar un asunto o un documento voluntariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. El Salv., Guat., Hond. y Ven. Guardar algo en una gaveta por tiempo indefinido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me hizo descubrir la palabra gaveta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0r3NQr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gaveta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. gavetta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cajón corredizo que hay en los escritorios y sirve para guardar lo que se quiere tener a mano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cuba. guantera (‖ caja del salpicadero).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que una vez entendido el significado, veo que se refiere a detener, parar un proceso. Sin embargo, persiste mi duda: ¿en qué contexto se usa? ¿Solamente en ambiente formal? ¿Hay alguna otra palabra no tan formal, si es el caso? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca lo había oído nombrar, ¿por qué se habla de &lt;em&gt;gaveta&lt;/em&gt; si es una palabra italiana? ¿Acaso es un mueble sumamente famoso en la zona? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T22:38:55.553" Title="¿Qué es &quot;engavetar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16746" CreationDate="2016-05-15T22:10:51.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;A no ser que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es una conjunción &lt;strong&gt;condicional&lt;/strong&gt;. Generalmente es idéntica a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;a menos que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas funcionan &quot;al revés&quot; de las condicionales típicas (como &lt;em&gt;&quot;si&quot;, &quot;siempre y cuando&quot;, &quot;si es que&quot;, &quot;en caso de&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, etc.): lo que indican es que la afirmación anterior será verdadera si &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; se da la condición expresada a continuación, o como tú lo dices, introducen una oración condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo, la mujer podría tener menos de 20 años siempre y cuando no estuviera disfrazada. &lt;em&gt;No estar disfrazada&lt;/em&gt; es la condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, las conjunciones &lt;em&gt;concesivas&lt;/em&gt; sirven para indicar que hay un obstáculo que no impide que lo afirmado sea verdadero: &lt;em&gt;iré aunque llueva&lt;/em&gt;. Las principales conjunciones concesivas son &lt;em&gt;&quot;aunque&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;a pesar de&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T22:10:51.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16758" CreationDate="2016-05-15T22:19:43.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es perfectamente idiomático, indica que la acción no ocurrió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque&lt;/strong&gt; le habría gustado señalarle = Pero no se lo señaló.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es parte de la clásula de esta especie de condicional, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque&lt;/strong&gt; le habría gustado señalarle &lt;s&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;si hubiese/hubiera tenido la oportunidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/s&gt; que nadie estaba en aquel almuerzo por lo que pensaba si no por los méritos de su alcurnia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T22:19:43.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16746" CreationDate="2016-05-15T22:23:24.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a no ser que estuviera&lt;/em&gt; activa la condicionalidad de la situación pero en una imaginaria del presente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No debía tener más de veinte años, y no parecía con ánimos de carnaval, &lt;strong&gt;a no ser que estuviera&lt;/strong&gt; disfrazada de inválida. (&lt;em&gt;Pero no está disfrazada&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T22:23:24.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16760" CreationDate="2016-05-16T01:53:56.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, tiene el mismo significado: &lt;em&gt;aplazar, postponer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;gaveta&quot; es sinomino de &quot;cajón&quot;.  De hecho algunas personas se refieren a un mueble con cajones para almacenamiento como gavetero o cajonera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T12:58:43.347" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T12:58:43.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5158" CreationDate="2016-05-16T01:56:52.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es correcto decir millanoas y no es un modismo en Venezuela ni en otro lugar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una lapsus, un error de este señor que tiene una educación no acorde con su cargo y se nota que lee muy poco, pues este es uno de muchos errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2340" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T01:56:52.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-16T10:50:24.960" Score="1" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es la parte en negrita una oración comparativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Así fue siempre María, más parecida a doña Julia, su abuela materna, &lt;strong&gt;que si hubiera sido su hija&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Acaso no debería ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/strong&gt; hubiera sido&lt;/em&gt;...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12680" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T20:30:41.693" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T20:30:41.693" Title="Determinar si una frase es oración comparativa" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16773" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-16T11:48:55.923" Score="4" ViewCount="822" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente ha pasado por mis manos un documento hablando del tema del lenguaje sexista y, &lt;em&gt;long story short&lt;/em&gt;, venía hablando de hacer referencia siempre a &lt;em&gt;doctores/doctoras&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;profesores/profesoras&lt;/em&gt;, etc. cuando nos estuviéramos refiriendo a un colectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando un poco a qué venía esto de que el masculino dominara a la hora de referirse a colectivos, llegué a una conclusión basada en hechos históricos y que no pasa, necesariamente por el machismo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En años pasados, y durante mucho tiempo hasta hace no demasiado, no se solía encontrar a demasiadas mujeres fuera del hogar trabajando en un hospital o un colegio, por lo que lo normal era referirse al colectivo de, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;encargados de la salud&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;doctores&lt;/em&gt;. Así mismo, cuando se habla del colectivo de &lt;em&gt;encargados de la limpieza&lt;/em&gt;, se suele hacer referencia a él como &lt;em&gt;las de la limpieza&lt;/em&gt; ya que ha sido mucho más común ver a mujeres limpiando que a hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esta es mi pequeña teoría, lo que me gustaría saber es si, de verdad, existe un motivo documentado por el que esto sea así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T08:09:54.903" LastActivityDate="2021-05-13T18:03:27.723" Title="¿Por qué el género masculino suele dominar a la hora de referirse a colectivos?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16774" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-16T14:32:31.583" Score="0" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M6LcC.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M6LcC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me understand what it wants me to write for the question on &quot;Marque la sílaba tónica?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what's the difference between &lt;strong&gt;ah&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12682" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T20:32:31.553" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T20:32:31.553" Title="What is asking me with &quot;Marque la sílaba tónica&quot;?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16774" CreationDate="2016-05-16T14:45:14.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marque la sílaba tónica&lt;/em&gt; means you need to mark where the word is correctly stressed. Namely, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;nimo, a&lt;strong&gt;ni&lt;/strong&gt;mo, ani&lt;strong&gt;mó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; are all different and the &lt;em&gt;sílaba tónica&lt;/em&gt; is bolded to show the correct stress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your other question, briefly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ah&lt;/em&gt; shows &lt;em&gt;realisation about something&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ah,&lt;/em&gt; now I get it. (It's the same in English.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; is the auxiliary verb for the third person &lt;strong&gt;present perfect&lt;/strong&gt; form: él &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; trabajado.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; is a preposition.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; is the equivalent for the English &lt;em&gt;there is/are&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡ay!&lt;/em&gt; is for sudden actions: &lt;em&gt;¡ay!&lt;/em&gt; ¡Me duele! &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; is the equivalent for the English &lt;em&gt;there.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T14:45:14.610" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16771" CreationDate="2016-05-16T16:25:24.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, lo es. &quot;Que si hubiera sido su hija&quot; es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/06/ejemplos-de-subordinadas-adverbiales_3633.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;proposición subordinada adverbial comparativa&lt;/a&gt; de superioridad. La frase completa sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así fue siempre María, más parecida a doña Julia, su abuela materna, que [lo parecida que habría sido a doña Julia] si hubiera sido su hija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En términos un poco más abstractos, la comparación podría expresarse como &quot;María es más parecida a A que a B&quot;, donde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A = doña Julia, su abuela materna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B = ella misma en el caso hipotético de que doña Julia hubiese sido su madre en vez de su abuela materna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en términos de &quot;A es más que B&quot;, donde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A = lo que se parece María a doña Julia, su abuela materna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B = lo que se habría parecido María a doña Julia si esta hubiese sido su madre en vez de su abuela materna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se cambia &quot;que si&quot; por &quot;como si&quot; también se cambia el sentido de la oración. Esto es, la frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) Así fue siempre María, más parecida a doña Julia, su abuela materna, como si hubiera sido su hija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...contiene una comparación, pero solo hay un término explícito. El segundo término, con el que se compara el primero, se sobreentiende: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) Así fue siempre María, más parecida a doña Julia, su abuela materna, [que a su propia madre]. ¡Vaya, como si hubiera sido su hija!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración (1) suena un tanto extraña: está incompleta y contiene un añadido (&quot;como si hubiera sido su hija&quot;) que no se relaciona con el resto de la frase lo suficiente como para estar separado con solo una coma. Podría aparecer en un diálogo reflejando, por ejemplo, el habla espontánea, pero es un empeoramiento sobre la oración original. La oración (2) suena un poco mejor que la (1), pero no significa lo mismo que la original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T16:31:41.773" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T16:31:41.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16779" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16781" CreationDate="2016-05-16T17:04:46.617" Score="1" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the word &quot;verde&quot; in this sentence considered to have a funcion of an adjective or a name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el &lt;strong&gt;verde&lt;/strong&gt; de tu ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally think it's of a name because it's making the word &quot;verde&quot; look like a noun but I'm not sure. What do you guys think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12682" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T17:39:24.397" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T19:46:48.880" Title="Function of &quot;verde&quot; in &quot;Me gusta el verde de tu ojos&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16739" CreationDate="2016-05-16T17:30:19.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posibilidad es que originalmente el &quot;&lt;em&gt;o sea&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no se haya usado para &quot;complementar&quot; lo que se está diciendo (mediante una aclaración, explicación, derivación o lo que sea que digamos actualmente) sino que se usara para &lt;strong&gt;&quot;autocorregir&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; lo que se afirma, ofreciendo la &lt;em&gt;posibilidad&lt;/em&gt; (mediante el subjuntivo &quot;sea&quot;) de una &lt;em&gt;alternativa&lt;/em&gt; (mediante la conjunción &quot;o&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino una estructura del tipo &lt;code&gt;[Es] X, o [tal vez] sea Y&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos más antiguos que pude encontrar que apoyaran esta idea fueron los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=P1ZvgetRDA0C&amp;amp;dq=%22o%20sea%22&amp;amp;pg=RA4-PR17#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22o%20sea%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Plaza universal de todas ciencias y artes: parte traducida de toscano&lt;/a&gt;, por Christóbal Suárez de Figueroa, 1615:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el descrivir, o sea delinear (hablando generalmente) intervienen burilar, barrenar, pulir...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=JHRUAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22o%20sea%22&amp;amp;pg=PA158#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22o%20sea%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Asia Portuguesa&lt;/a&gt;, por Manuel Faria y Sousa, 1675:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salio el Sousa, y uvo una sangrienta porfia, adonde Portugueses y Castellanos (o sea Castellanos y Portugueses, porque en valor ningunos aquí fueron primeros o segundos) hizieron grandes cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos ejemplos el &quot;o sea&quot; no es equivalente a &quot;es decir&quot;, sino que se acerca más a un &quot;&lt;em&gt;perdón, tal vez&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. El paso del tiempo y la &quot;cercanía&quot; semántica de conceptos como &quot;describir&quot; y &quot;delinear&quot; probablemente hizo evolucionar el &quot;o sea&quot; hasta lexicalizarlo con un significado similar a &quot;mejor dicho&quot; y luego a &quot;en otras palabras&quot; y &quot;vale decir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo esto pensando también en el uso &quot;titubeante&quot; que damos en Chile al &quot;o sea&quot;, frecuentísimo en en el discurso oral. Desconozco si se presenta en otros países. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer trajeron... o sea no, anteayer trajeron la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí también se daría una especie de &lt;em&gt;marcador de autocorrección&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un problema de esta hipótesis es que la equivalencia &quot;o sea = es decir&quot; también se da al menos en portugués (&lt;em&gt;ou seja&lt;/em&gt;) e italiano (&lt;em&gt;ossia&lt;/em&gt;), y tendría que haber evolucionado en la misma dirección en tres dialectos distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:30:19.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16779" CreationDate="2016-05-16T17:39:31.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the DRAE (the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Colorante o pigmento utilizado para producir el color verde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is a noun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:39:31.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16779" CreationDate="2016-05-16T17:51:00.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically we are omitting a word here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el (&lt;strong&gt;color&lt;/strong&gt;) verde de tus ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt; is the noun, and green is characterising the noun, so &lt;em&gt;verde&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:51:00.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16786" CreationDate="2016-05-16T18:13:23.533" Score="5" ViewCount="466" Body="&lt;p&gt;When translating some scientific terms from english to spanish some k's are substituted by c's instead of &quot;qu&quot;. Is there any reason behind this or is it just something arbitrary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leu&lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt;emia -&gt; Leu&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;emia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chemokines -&gt; quimocinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keton -&gt; cetona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interleukines -&gt; Interleucinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kinetic energy -&gt; energía cinética&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are some examples (there are more, I just can't remember them now)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11775" LastEditorUserId="11775" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T19:47:53.150" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T19:18:51.487" Title="Why are k's &quot;translated&quot; as c's in some scientific terms?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16783" CreationDate="2016-05-16T19:28:42.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Greek &lt;code&gt;k&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ch&lt;/code&gt; [x] passed early into Latin as &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; with the sound [k]. Then a sound change – still in Latin – made &lt;em&gt;c-&lt;/em&gt; different before &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-i&lt;/em&gt;, which Spanish inherited (after another sound change).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;K&lt;/em&gt; works mostly for new or specialized scientific terms. Some of them may become written with &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt; with time, as they are adopted into mainstream language (&lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; tends to sound less Spanish, though there are exceptions). The choice of &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; (and its sound) usually obeys the history of the word, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A less educated origin of the word as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13073/por-qu%C3%A9-cirug%C3%ADa-y-quir%C3%BArgico-teniendo-la-misma-ra%C3%ADz-se-pronuncian-diferen&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; linked by @Rodrigo suggests (as in &lt;em&gt;cirugía&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;quirúrgico&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The fact that there was a so-to-say &lt;em&gt;more Spanish&lt;/em&gt; way of naming the concept: e.g. the adoption of a new &lt;em&gt;scientific&lt;/em&gt; meaning for a word already existent in Spanish through Latin. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8QWSt8m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cetona&lt;/a&gt; has a complicated history but ultimately is a modification of French &lt;em&gt;acétone&lt;/em&gt; which has the Spanish cognate &lt;em&gt;acetona&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The fact that the scientific term was originally coined in Latin (at the time it was the language of science), like in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NBauxAz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leucemia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The case of &lt;em&gt;química&lt;/em&gt; is different and involves &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Us0hxUS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arabic&lt;/a&gt; (probably some other words followed the same process: you'd be surprised how an 8-century-long invasion can influence a language). Even being Greek in origin it lost the &lt;code&gt;ch&lt;/code&gt; [x] sound when adopted by Arabic, but preserved the closer &lt;code&gt;k&lt;/code&gt; sound. Since it is anything but a neologism, the logical orthographic rule to follow is the regular one (i.e., representing [ki] sound as &lt;em&gt;qui&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T19:18:51.487" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T19:18:51.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16779" CreationDate="2016-05-16T19:46:48.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verde&lt;/em&gt; here is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/05/ejemplos-de-adjetivos-sustantivados.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;adjetivo sustantivado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., an adjective that performs the function of a noun). You are not referring to a coloring (colorante o pigmento), but the color itself, and it is actually doing the job of a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you do this all the time. In Spanish it is way less common, but it happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DRAE's entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YpdenDZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sustantivar&lt;/a&gt; leads to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QaR6aI9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nominalizar&lt;/a&gt;, which unfortunately is too general, but touches the concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T19:46:48.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17107" CreationDate="2016-05-16T20:44:15.007" Score="6" ViewCount="6361" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en España se usa la expresión &quot;qué fuerte&quot; (especialmente entre signos de exclamación, &quot;¡qué fuerte!&quot;) cuando queremos mostrar nuestra sorpresa, incluso estupefacción ante un hecho dado, en un contexto coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Te has enterado? María se ha casado con Juan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;¡Qué fuerte!&lt;/strong&gt; Pero si en el instituto se llevaban fatal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces incluso le añadimos un &lt;em&gt;me parece&lt;/em&gt; para dejarlo en &quot;¡qué fuerte me parece!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece una expresión hermana a la que usamos cuando decimos que una noticia es muy fuerte, en el sentido de indicar impacto. Pero aún así, veo curiosa la construcción fortaleza -&gt; intensidad -&gt; estupefacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/qu%C3%A9-fuerte.7611/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;veo que tiene un equivalente&lt;/a&gt; &quot;gosh&quot; o &quot;oh my God/gosh!&quot; pero lo que no consigo es encontrar documentación sobre su origen. ¿Alguien lo sabe? ¿Qué hipótesis podéis dar sobre ello? ¿Es convincente lo que planteo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T17:51:20.737" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;¡qué fuerte!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16795" CreationDate="2016-05-17T11:46:47.900" Score="2" ViewCount="5790" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis amigos colombianos con frecuencia cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Bueno, me voy. &lt;strong&gt;Nos estamos viendo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Me tengo que ir. ¡&lt;strong&gt;Nos estamos hablando&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo entiendo como un &quot;hasta luego&quot;, &quot;seguimos en contacto&quot; e incluso me parece muy parecido al usado en España &quot;nos vemos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me parece una expresión la mar de peculiar, pues tomada literalmente invita a contestar &quot;claro, estamos hablando ahora mismo&quot; &quot;por supuesto, estamos viéndonos porque estamos uno delante del otro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ello que me pregunto: ¿cómo surge esta expresión? ¿la entiendo bien? ¿se usa también en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T09:53:09.097" Title="¿Por qué en Colombia se dice &quot;nos estamos viendo / leyendo / hablando&quot; para decir &quot;hasta pronto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16773" CreationDate="2016-05-17T12:02:56.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para referirse a un colectivo usamos el género neutro que coincide con el masculino. Lo de incluir el femenino es un fenómeno reciente que va en contra de lo dictaminado por la RAE. Esto es castellano básico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical#El_g.C3.A9nero_en_espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_gramatical#El_g.C3.A9nero_en_espa.C3.B1ol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-23T16:29:33.950" LastActivityDate="2019-10-23T16:29:33.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-18T01:16:55.957" Score="0" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to what I've read, the you say &quot;headache&quot; &quot;dolor de cabeza&quot;. However, I seem to recall that one often talks about pain as being caused in an active manner by a part of the body, like &quot;Mi cabeza me duele&quot; (though I'm not certain on that conjugation). I'm therefore confused as to how you would talk about a headache and other such bodily ailments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12693" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T06:35:57.007" Title="Talking about headaches in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-18T05:44:40.743" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16793" CreationDate="2016-05-18T03:21:52.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, in English, when we are talking about pain, we use the noun &quot;I have a headache&quot; or &quot;I have a stomach ache&quot;, although we can refer to the pain as a verb &quot;my head hurts&quot; or &quot;my stomach hurts&quot;, it is not as common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if we don't have a common noun to describe the pain (say in your arm), we use the verb, &quot;my arm hurts&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &quot;dolor de cabeza&quot; (literally, &quot;pain of head&quot;) would be the noun equivalent to &quot;headache&quot;, as in &quot;tengo dolor de cabeza&quot;, while, &quot;me duele la cabeza&quot; (basically, &quot;the head is hurting me&quot;) would be the verb version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, both are acceptable, although the verb might be more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12695" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T06:35:57.007" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T06:35:57.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16791" CreationDate="2016-05-18T09:51:37.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión, que yo sepa también se usa en Ecuador. (Viví en Ecuador y soy Colombiano)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literalmente es &lt;strong&gt;Nos estamos hablando&lt;/strong&gt;. Quiere decir que incluso si no nos vemos, vamos a seguir hablando. Es decir nos estamos hablando todavía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que es el equivalente a &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estamos en contacto o Seguimos en contacto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactamente como tu interpretación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nos estamos hablando&quot; por su forma es un gerundio, una forma continua, pero con una pequeña &lt;em&gt;nuance&lt;/em&gt; del futuro próximo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que en Colombia se dice &lt;strong&gt;Nos estamos hablando&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de &lt;strong&gt;Hasta pronto&lt;/strong&gt; porque hasta pronto implica que no nos hablaremos hasta vernos de nuevo. Puede que sea algo cultural, dado que en Colombia a la gente le gusta tener mucho contacto con los otros, sobre todo los amigos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T09:53:09.097" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T09:53:09.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16799" CreationDate="2016-05-18T11:46:54.727" Score="6" ViewCount="3156" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vPNMxG%7C9vRLW2D&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;comer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Tomar la &lt;strong&gt;comida&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ alimento que se toma al mediodía). Hoy no como en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Tomar la &lt;strong&gt;cena&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ última comida del día).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego tenemos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9w3sObI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;comida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;De comer.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Alimento que se toma al mediodía o primeras horas de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. cena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8Bs26eN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Del lat. cena.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Última comida del día, que se toma al atardecer o por la noche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, en España decimos &quot;comer&quot; a tomar el alimento que se toma al mediodía, pero en Colombia se refieren a la última del día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué países se usa cada una de las formas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-10-10T03:27:10.013" Title="¿En qué países se dice &quot;comer&quot; en el mediodía y en cuáles en la noche?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-18T13:07:34.040" Score="-1" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;There have been rumours for a long time but it looks official now&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T13:42:11.153" Title="How do you translate the following sentence?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-05-18T17:56:11.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16796" CreationDate="2016-05-18T13:23:48.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comer&lt;/em&gt; al mediodía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comer&lt;/em&gt; por la noche:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2019-10-10T03:27:10.013" LastActivityDate="2019-10-10T03:27:10.013" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-18T13:23:48.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16797" CreationDate="2016-05-18T13:42:11.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the grade of (Spanish) neutrality you want to achieve, but my take would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Han corrido rumores desde hace un tiempo, pero parece que ya es oficial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12698" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T13:42:11.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-18T16:32:01.247" Score="2" ViewCount="626" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vencer&quot; con el significado de &quot;caducar&quot; (o sea &quot;llegar a una fecha límite&quot; un alimento o un contrato) es muy usado y seguramente lo recoge el diccionario. ¿Tiene alguna relación con el otro &quot;vencer&quot; (el que significa &quot;triunfar&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T10:20:41.310" Title="¿Por qué se le dice &quot;vencimiento&quot; a la caducidad?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4934" CreationDate="2016-05-18T19:18:07.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught - by a Colombian - that &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; is more proximal than &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;.  That is, if something is in the general vicinity, but not at arm's length, one would use &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt;.  If it was easily reachable, one would use &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;. (Exactly where the boundary lies is a bit fuzzy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the case in Colombia, but not elsewhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12252" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T19:18:07.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16610" CreationDate="2016-05-18T19:23:27.463" Score="-2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él no es tan buen esquiador de montañas grandes, todavía es un&#xA;  aprendiz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aprendiz:sustantivo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aprender: verbo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Novato y aprendiz son sinónimos. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1810" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T21:29:31.327" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T21:29:31.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16805" CreationDate="2016-05-18T20:21:53.747" Score="3" ViewCount="669" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un acto de locura tejí durante tres días doce pares de zapatitos azules y&#xA;  rosados para recién nacidos, tratando de darme valor para no escuchar, ni cantar, ni&#xA;  recordar las canciones que me recordaban a ella. - Garcia Marquez, Memories of My Melancholy Whores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation from Edith Grossman:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In an act of  madness, I crocheted twelve pairs of blue and pink &#xA;  infant's booties  in  three days,  trying to  give  myself the coura ge  not to  hear or sing or think about  the songs that &#xA;  reminded me of her. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate gives &quot;shoes&quot; for zapatitos, but Grossman has used booty, which means buttock in almost every dictionary I looked. Has Grossman given a correct translation for zapatito, or she means other thing by &quot;booty&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T20:53:11.597" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;zapatitos&quot; in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16804" CreationDate="2016-05-18T20:43:05.173" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, &quot;booties&quot; is the plural form of &quot;bootie&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootee&quot;&gt;bootee&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, not &quot;booty&quot;. The former is described as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a short soft sock or bootlike garment used for warmth or protection. Bootees for babies are usually thick and knitted, to keep the baby's feet warm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which fits the meaning of the Spanish term. Strictly speaking though, &quot;bootie&quot; would have been appropriate had García Márquez used &quot;botitas&quot; or &quot;patuquitos&quot;. Since he used &quot;zapatitos&quot;, the translator could arguably have used &quot;baby shoes&quot; for a more literal translation, but I think &quot;booties&quot; brings to mind a &lt;em&gt;woollier&lt;/em&gt; image than &quot;shoes&quot; does, which makes sense because they were indeed crocheted. All in all, &quot;bootie(s)&quot; is a good translation for &quot;zapatito(s)&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=zapatitos+de+bebe&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=699&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjz9YrTvuTMAhVHPBoKHRahDjoQ_AUIBigB#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=baby+booties&quot;&gt;Google images for &quot;baby booties&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=bootee&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=699&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiKi96RvuTMAhVM1hoKHeM9BlEQ_AUIBigB#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=baby+shoes&quot;&gt;&quot;baby shoes&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T20:53:11.597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T20:53:11.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16712" CreationDate="2016-05-18T21:19:56.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra gato es una palabra polisémica. Significa que es una palabra que significa cosas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gato&lt;/em&gt; es un animal y también es una herramienta para la elevación de autos; como es el caso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;Gato hidráulico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1810" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T21:25:50.210" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T21:25:50.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16801" CreationDate="2016-05-19T08:25:04.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un sinónimo. (En este caso concreto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La caducidad no es otra cosa que la derrota de un producto en su lucha contra el tiempo, y esa es la definición de la primera acepción de vencimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastEditorUserId="12696" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T10:20:41.310" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T10:20:41.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5623" CreationDate="2016-05-19T19:22:52.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado al resto de respuestas que, en inglés británico, un billón ha sido históricamente un millón de millones (10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;), al igual que en castellano o en francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa es que, de manera relativamente reciente y por influencia estadounidense haya aumentado el uso de billion como 10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/how-many-is-a-billion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/how-many-is-a-billion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12710" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T20:24:16.700" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T20:24:16.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16811" CreationDate="2016-05-19T21:39:41.353" Score="1" ViewCount="2392" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando a Juan Luis Guerra cantando &lt;em&gt;Quisiera ser un pez&lt;/em&gt; cuando oí un verso que no entendí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Canta corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con un &lt;strong&gt;angla&lt;/strong&gt; imprescindible de ilusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sueña corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no te nubles de amargura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=968004&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;letra completa&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé que es un &quot;angla&quot;. El DRAE dice que es algo inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2eMpGSA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;anglo, gla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. Anglus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: De una tribu germánica que en los siglos V y VI se estableció en Inglaterra. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. inglés (‖ natural de Inglaterra). U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. inglés (‖ perteneciente a Inglaterra).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. anglosajón (‖ perteneciente a la lengua anglosajona). Léxico anglo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. anglosajón (‖ lengua).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el contexto de la canción a mí no me parece que sea esto. Y más sabiendo que en la letra subyace una connotación sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que es una palabra de jerga de República Dominicana, país de donde es el cantante, pero lo mismo en otros países también se conoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T06:19:27.530" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T06:19:27.530" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;angla&quot; en la canción &quot;Burbujas de amor&quot; de Juan Luis Guerra?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-05-20T05:53:59.513" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2016-05-20T01:10:09.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como añadido a las respuestas anteriores, una que usamos mucho en mi entorno es &quot;aquí no hacemos relojes&quot;, dando a entender que algo no es especialmente complejo o no requiere una habilidad especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contextualizar, los que más la usamos somos compañeros de trabajo, en España, en una profesión bastante técnica en momentos de hablar de algo relativamente sencillo.&#xA;Es una expresión en cierto modo complementaria a la más frecuente &quot;aquí el más tonto hace relojes&quot;, que tiene un significado diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12710" LastEditorUserId="12710" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T18:39:11.990" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T18:39:11.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16809" CreationDate="2016-05-20T05:53:11.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fallo mío: la palabra es &lt;strong&gt;ancla&lt;/strong&gt;, no &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;angla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strike&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Canta corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con un &lt;strong&gt;ancla&lt;/strong&gt; imprescindible de ilusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sueña corazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no te nubles de amargura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T05:53:11.777" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-20T05:53:11.777" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15505" CreationDate="2016-05-20T12:07:17.063" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;NO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir algo cutre, mal hecho, patético.&#xA;También se usa para una excusa poco elabaorada (currada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Juan llegó tarde a clase y dijo que se había dormido. Una excusa &quot;patillera&quot;, pués una hora antes lo había visto por la calle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12714" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T12:07:17.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T15:55:17.573" Score="3" ViewCount="4524" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia se oye, en ambiente coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando Juan perdió el vuelo, &lt;strong&gt;montó un pollo&lt;/strong&gt; monumental en el&#xA;  aeropuerto. Gritó tanto que al final le ofrecieron montarse en el&#xA;  siguiente avión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, llamamos &lt;strong&gt;pollo&lt;/strong&gt; a un lío o escándalo. Como dice el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tb3F57l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pollo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Lío, escándalo. Después de la fiesta se montó el pollo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/se-monto-un-poyo-13098/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se montó un poyo&lt;/strong&gt; - ¿En esta expresión se escribe poyo o pollo? ¿Y de dónde procede?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Diccionario académico recoge las expresiones coloquiales montar el&#xA;  pollo y montar un pollo, con elle, con el sentido de ‘armar un&#xA;  escándalo’. La misma grafía aparece en todos los diccionarios&#xA;  consultados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No está claro el origen de la expresión. El lingüista Patricio&#xA;  Celdrán, en Hablar bien no cuesta tanto (Temas de Hoy, 2009) indica&#xA;  que originalmente se escribía poyo, en alusión al podio o tribuna&#xA;  portátil al al que se subían los oradores políticos del siglo XIX que&#xA;  hablaban en público en plazas o parques y cuyos discursos acababan con&#xA;  frecuencia en enfrentamientos&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-montar-un-poyo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-montar-un-poyo/&lt;/a&gt;),&#xA;  pero no hemos podido comprobarlo documentalmente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que me pregunto: ¿alguien tiene constancia de si esta versión está confirmada? Y, además, ¿se usa también en otros lugares además de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T08:49:11.993" LastActivityDate="2020-09-28T00:11:44.157" Title="¿Por qué &quot;montar un pollo&quot; quiere decir montar un escándalo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16817" CreationDate="2016-05-20T17:48:14.737" Score="2" ViewCount="302" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish with Collins Easy Learning Spanish.&#xA;It gives the follow example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not very good = no es muy bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s very good =  está muy bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does only one example use &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; to describe the quality of being good?&#xA;Is there a rule that applies to using &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; for discussing good qualities?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:43:23.660" Title="Use of &quot;está&quot; to describe something being good/bad" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16618" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:04:43.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, como han apuntado AlexBcn, fedorqui, MikMik y aparente001, &lt;em&gt;efectos especiales&lt;/em&gt; es un anglicismo. Proviene del inglés &lt;em&gt;special effects&lt;/em&gt;, donde &quot;effect&quot; significa &quot;sensación&quot; o &quot;impresión dejada en el espíritu&quot; (en Wiktionary, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/effect#Noun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;effect&lt;/a&gt;, acepción 2). La misma definición existe también en español (en DRAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EOoHYxJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;efecto&lt;/a&gt;, acepción 2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces los &quot;efectos especiales&quot; no son &quot;consecuencias especiales&quot; sino &quot;sensaciones especiales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su origen es latino: del participio &quot;&lt;em&gt;effectus&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (completado, cumplido), que a su vez se forma a partir de la raíz &quot;&lt;em&gt;facere&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (hacer) y el prefijo &quot;&lt;em&gt;ex&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (afuera). Originalmente, entonces, se refería al &quot;resultado de completar algo&quot; (en &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?efecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto en inglés (a través del francés antiguo) como en español, su significado original evolucionó por un lado directamente a &quot;consecuencia&quot;, y por otro a &quot;sensación&quot;, entendiendo que las sensaciones son lo que se produce en el espíritu como &lt;em&gt;resultado&lt;/em&gt; de un estímulo percibido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en este caso se puede oponer el concepto de &lt;em&gt;sensación&lt;/em&gt; al de &lt;em&gt;realidad&lt;/em&gt;, cuando los sentidos nos ofrecen percepciones engañosas. Este valor de &quot;percepción falsa&quot; es el que predomina tanto en &quot;efectos especiales&quot; como en el &quot;efecto&quot; dado a la pelota cuando un puntapié bien dado curva su trayectoria. Y por último, el mismo sentido se puede encontrar en el adjetivo peyorativo &quot;efectista&quot; dado a un discurso o una obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T18:04:43.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16818" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:30:56.423" Score="6" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It depends on &lt;strong&gt;how fast&lt;/strong&gt; you are able to learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Depende de la rapidez tuyo que puedes aprender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:53:05.830" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:53:05.830" Title="How would you translate &quot;how fast&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16814" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:34:59.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;That would be an incomplete example. As you guess you can use both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not very good&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we refer to, for example a deal, we would use &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(el trato) no &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; muy bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we refer to the condition of something, we would use &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; el coche? (meaning &lt;em&gt;what is the condition of the car?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; la cena? (meaning &lt;em&gt;how's dinner tonight?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No) &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; muy buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you have also a problem because &lt;code&gt;good&lt;/code&gt; can be translated both as &lt;code&gt;bien&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;bueno&lt;/code&gt;. So &amp;quot;it is (not) very good&amp;quot; could be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(no) es muy bueno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(no) está muy bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(no) está muy bueno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically I think that there could be a lot of options and example did not cover all cases (probably I didn't either in my explanation...). It is not that you can only apply one verb for positive or negative, it is just that the example is not exhaustive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T09:13:12.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16816" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:55:40.210" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, to translate &lt;em&gt;how fast&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo rápido&lt;/em&gt; is a good construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Depende de &lt;strong&gt;lo rápido&lt;/strong&gt; que puedas aprender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, something that sounds a bit better but is not that much a direct translation of the full sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Depende de &lt;strong&gt;lo rápido&lt;/strong&gt; que aprendas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; works as a neutral defined article, as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ESraxkH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE says&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;art. deter. n. Pondera el grado del adjetivo o el adverbio al que modifica. U. seguido de una subordinada introducida por que. &lt;em&gt;Ya sabes&#xA;  lo lentos que son. Admiro lo bien que trabaja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T22:49:12.753" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T22:49:12.753" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16816" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:56:32.967" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;how fast&lt;/em&gt; has two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depende de &lt;strong&gt;qué tan rápido&lt;/strong&gt; eres capaz de aprender.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depende de &lt;strong&gt;cuán rápido&lt;/strong&gt; eres capaz de aprender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; are interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T22:55:21.463" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T22:55:21.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T20:18:52.343" Score="1" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Weird, because now some are denying this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es raro/extraño porque ahora algunos estan negando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a correct translation? Should I use &lt;em&gt;negando&lt;/em&gt; or another? It sounds weird.  And what would be the correct translation of &lt;em&gt;&quot;this&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence above? &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T22:41:55.447" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T23:16:34.363" Title="How would you translate &quot;Weird, because now some are denying this&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16820" CreationDate="2016-05-20T20:54:07.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literal version is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraño/raro, porque ahora algunos están negando esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; looks better in this position:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraño/raro, porque algunos están negando esto ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some translations, you'll see a swap between the present continuous tense and the present simple tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraño/raro, porque algunos niegan esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, the three are perfectly idiomatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T20:54:07.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16820" CreationDate="2016-05-20T21:19:01.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose that &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; refers to something that has been already introduced in the conversation, and is something known by the people speaking. So I would translate to something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me extraña, porque ahora algunos lo están negando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;weird&lt;/em&gt; is a personal opinion, so I tried to emphasise that in the translation. Other possible not-so-literal translations that respect the original meaning could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me extraña, porque ahora hay gente que lo niega.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues resulta que ahora algunos lo niegan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T23:16:34.363" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T23:16:34.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2016-05-21T14:13:22.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I remember it in Puerto Rico we called all beans &quot;habichuelas&quot; with the exception of black eye peas which we called &quot;frijoles&quot; and green beans which we called &quot;habichuelas nuevas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12723" LastActivityDate="2016-05-21T14:13:22.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15631" CreationDate="2016-05-21T21:24:43.293" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A falta de una respuesta más académica, recojo aquí lo más relevante de lo que se ha dicho en los comentarios, más alguna cosa que he investigado en el intertanto. Si se juzga oportuno, lo podemos convertir en &lt;em&gt;wiki&lt;/em&gt; para que aporte más gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;epéntesis&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a la aparición de un sonido (previamente inexistente) en una palabra. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FvD3RnC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; cita como ejemplo el caso de &lt;em&gt;tenré&lt;/em&gt;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tendré&lt;/em&gt; (sugiriendo que la primera es una forma arcaica de la segunda, que adquirió la &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; por epéntesis y luego se volvió convencional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;paragoge&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a la aparición de un sonido &lt;em&gt;al final de una palabra&lt;/em&gt;. Según quién la defina, es excluyente con o un caso particular de la epéntesis. En cualquier caso, pareciera que el fenómeno señalado en la pregunta debe ser más propiamente llamado por este segundo nombre (gracias @Rodrigo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt; (al final de verbos en infinitivo y otras palabras terminadas en consonante) es un fenómeno de aparición frecuente en la historia en el castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/fichero_articulo?codigo=298580&amp;amp;orden=57626&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, la -e final se perdió en nuestra lengua como parte de un proceso que tiene su cúlmine en el siglo XI. Sin embargo reapareció en la poesía como un recurso para resguardar la rima y el número de sílabas de los versos y se mantuvo por algunos siglos más (al parecer, cuando en el Quijote se usa el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;felice&lt;/em&gt; es en forma de arcaísmo). Los filólogos castellanos se refieren a ese recurso también como &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que señalan algunos colombianos en los comentarios de esta misma pregunta, el uso de la &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt; no sería parte de ninguno de los acentos propios en ese país. Sin embargo, sí hay testimonios de su existencia en el mundo hispanohablante actual. Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En Nuevo México se ha &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=r8u8wqCXKA8C&amp;amp;pg=PA69&amp;amp;lpg=PA69&amp;amp;dq=e+paragogica+nuevo+mexico&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=thCuyJRF91&amp;amp;sig=tZxqnwJeFQQgE_I6xUgNXf2tMLo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentado&lt;/a&gt; la aparición de una &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt; entre hablantes nativos de castellano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En zonas rurales del centro y -especialmente- sur de Chile constituye un fenómeno tan arraigado, que en el habla coloquial urbana se ha asentado el término &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=&amp;quot;me+voy+al+sure&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sure&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para significar específicamente la zona sur de ese país.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En los verbos con imperativo irregular monosilábico, suele ocurrir la forma bisilábica &quot;regular&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/sal-sale.1651519/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sale&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pone&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;sal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pon&lt;/em&gt;, con &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt;) en el habla inculta de algunos lugares (p. ej., Las Canarias y Chile), probablemente como arcaísmo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A un nivel al parecer bastante transversal entre países de habla hispana (a juzgar, entre otras cosas, por la proporción de votos del comentario de @Gorpik), aparece la &lt;em&gt;e paragógica&lt;/em&gt; como forma de habla afectada o como vicio inadvertido y ocasional en el habla de una persona que normalmente no la usa. Recuerdo el caso de un político chileno, que sin ser del sur (y con un acento razonablemente clasificable como &lt;em&gt;chileno informal culto&lt;/em&gt;), alterna entre &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlFtO9yduy0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caer&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NeZWaHM3Y8s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;no caer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A falta de más antecedentes, y dado que se trata de 1) una persona que normalmente no agrega las &lt;em&gt;e finales&lt;/em&gt;, 2) ni tiene un entorno lingüístico que pueda haberle influido, y visto que 3) los verbos estaban escritos correctamente en la carta, lo más plausible parece ser que se trataba de un caso del último tipo (afectación o vicio no atribuible al acento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T07:47:45.060" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T07:47:45.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16830" CreationDate="2016-05-22T13:16:01.140" Score="2" ViewCount="2082" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las siguientes formas es la correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ahora estoy comiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy ahora comiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Estoy comiendo ahora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si pueden decir alguna regla que se cumpla para todos los casos y explique cuál es la respuesta correcta sería mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias por la ayuda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9298" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T09:12:56.250" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T09:12:56.250" Title="¿Se dice &quot;ahora estoy comiendo&quot;, &quot;estoy ahora comiendo&quot; o &quot;estoy comiendo ahora&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16828" CreationDate="2016-05-22T14:51:48.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ahora estoy comiendo&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;Estoy comiendo ahora&quot; are correct. It depends on what part of  Ámerica you are, in México and Colombia most of the people use an active form while in some parts like Sudamerica they use the passive form. &#xA;Now, in the real world you will hear this expressions when the person is annoyed while eating and is asked to interrupt their meal and do something else. &#xA;Pay attention to the the tone used, you will hear the stressing in the words &quot;ahora&quot; and &quot;comiendo&quot;&#xA;If this is a something you want to let know you can use a simple, &quot;Estoy comiendo&quot;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;-¡Carlos! te pedí que sacaras la basura, ¡ahí viene el camión!-&#xA;- no puedo, ¡ahora estoy comiendo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-te llaman del trabajo, quieren que vayas a arreglar un asunto.&#xA;-¿de veras? Diles que estoy comiendo ahora, ¡que se esperen!-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Hola Bryan, ¿pasamos por ti para ir al museo?-&#xA;Estoy comiendo, ¿nos vemos en 1 hora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some customs notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ámerica is the continent, they call the country: United States, so you will find some tourists aboard when they are asked where are you coming from? stating: America (so people will know from which continent) and then mention the country Chile, el&#xA;Salvador, Colombia, etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know is a lot of controversy around this but if you want to settle it; just look at the rockets from NASA and the Apollo missions, they are branded United States, not America. &#xA;Of course languages are a live entity so you can foretold changes and adjust to local customs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Hispanic cultures in the urban areas you &quot;desayunas&quot; from 6-8 (in the countryside 4-6am &quot;Tomas tu café&quot; is a small meal that usually consist of coffee and sweet or savory bread and have their breakfast around 8-10 am)&#xA;&quot;Almuerzas&quot; around noon both in urban and countryside areas&#xA;You will have your main meal from 2-4pm (soup, entree and cheese with beans, usually tortillas are part of this meal) &#xA;And from here,  changes between areas, some regions will have merienda around 6-7pm and cena 9-10 in the urban areas while in the fields you will have only your cena right at 7 pm. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&#xA;Hablar y escribir bien, reader' digest México ISBN 968-28-0195-8&#xA;www.rae.es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12729" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T00:10:27.530" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T00:10:27.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16828" CreationDate="2016-05-22T15:05:44.907" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El orden de la oración afirmativa &lt;em&gt;por defecto&lt;/em&gt; en castellano es &lt;em&gt;sujeto-verbo-complementos&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí que así suelta, suene mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy comiendo ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el castellano no es &lt;em&gt;tan estrictamente&lt;/em&gt; posicional, y dicho orden se puede alterar, por ejemplo, para dar énfasis o continuidad con la oración anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuve trabajando todo el día. Ahora estoy comiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(aquí la palabra &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; se antepone para dar contraste)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera alternativa que ofreces, como apunta @Yay, también es legal, aunque un poco más forzada, porque la forma verbal -&lt;em&gt;estoy comiendo&lt;/em&gt;- habitualmente no se separa (cosa que sí ocurre regularmente en otros idiomas, como el inglés). Se entiende perfectamente y podría ser fruto de un recurso literario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sirva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-22T15:12:40.100" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T15:12:40.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16834" CreationDate="2016-05-22T15:09:29.170" Score="2" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish with Collins Easy Learning Spanish.&#xA;It gives the follow example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The stairs are over there. = Las escaleras están allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The stairs are over there, to your right. = La escalera está allí, a&#xA;  su derecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does one use the plural form (&lt;code&gt;están&lt;/code&gt;) and the other the singular form (&lt;code&gt;está&lt;/code&gt;)?&#xA;I thought stairs would have to be in the plural, so shouldn't it always be &lt;code&gt;están&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T09:13:29.910" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T09:13:29.910" Title="Use of plural and singular for plural objects" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2016-05-22T16:54:19.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En hebreo existe una frase de origen arameo (por supuesto todavía más antiguo que el griego):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;על דאטפת אטפוך, וסוף מטיפייך יטופון&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&quot;Como asesinaste a una persona, y provocaste que su cuerpo flote en el río, a ti te sucedió lo mismo, y a quienes así te hicieron, les ocurrirá lo mismo...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12730" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-22T20:58:42.487" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T20:58:42.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16831" CreationDate="2016-05-22T18:08:39.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escalera is one of those annoying words that are used as a singular or a plural noun. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G6uCj2q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br/&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de peldaños o escalones que enlazan dos planos a distinto nivel en una construcción o terreno, y que sirven para subir y bajar. &lt;strong&gt;U. t. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T18:08:39.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16831" CreationDate="2016-05-22T18:12:02.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both work fine. &lt;em&gt;Escalera&lt;/em&gt; can be used in the singular — equivalent to &lt;em&gt;staircase&lt;/em&gt;— or the plural —equivalent to &lt;em&gt;stairs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escalera&lt;/strong&gt; (DRAE 23.ª ed.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de peldaños o escalones que enlazan dos planos a distinto nivel en una construcción o terreno, y que sirven para subir y bajar. &lt;em&gt;U. t. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That note at the end of the definition says &quot;used also in the plural with the same meaning as in the singular&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-22T20:54:29.297" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T20:54:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16836" CreationDate="2016-05-23T00:14:44.423" Score="3" ViewCount="823" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently read (in what I thought was a pretty reputable grammar book) that &quot;regresarse&quot; is not used in Spain, but I had never heard this before.  Is it true?  If so, why don't Spaniards use it?  Is there a history to it?  Was it used at one time in Spain, but no longer?  Again, if this is true, how is it that the rest of Latin America uses &quot;regresarse&quot; but not Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T10:47:39.030" Title="Is it true that the reflexive of &quot;regresar&quot; -- &quot;regresarse&quot; -- is not used in Spain?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-05-23T01:30:51.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;regresarse&lt;/em&gt; I don't think I've ever heard in Spain.  But in any case, in Spain, &lt;em&gt;volver&lt;/em&gt; is heavily favored over &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt; (that's not to say &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt; isn't used, because it is, just less often).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One reason as to the difference in reflexivity could be simply that &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt; appears to be a relative late-comer to the language.  Based on Google's N-grams, we can see that &lt;em&gt;volver&lt;/em&gt; is the standard term, but around the 1800s-1850s, &lt;em&gt;regresar(se)&lt;/em&gt; starts growing in use &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=regresar%2Bregresarse%2Cvolver%2Bvolber%2Bvoluer%2Buolver%2Buoluer%2Buolber%2Bbolver%2Bbolber%2Bboluer%2Bvolverse%2Bvolberse%2Bvoluerse%2Buolverse%2Buoluerse%2Buolberse%2Bbolverse%2Bbolberse%2Bboluerse&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28regresar%20%2B%20regresarse%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28volver%20%2B%20volber%20%2B%20voluer%20%2B%20uolver%20%2B%20uoluer%20%2B%20uolber%20%2B%20bolver%20%2B%20bolber%20%2B%20boluer%20%2B%20volverse%20%2B%20volberse%20%2B%20voluerse%20%2B%20uolverse%20%2B%20uoluerse%20%2B%20uolberse%20%2B%20bolverse%20%2B%20bolberse%20%2B%20boluerse%29%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;[volver/regresar]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps due to its later entry into the language, &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt; adopted an additional transitive meaning in American Spanish (&quot;ella regresó el libro&quot; = &quot;ella devolvió el libro&quot; in Spain), and perhaps by analogy with other verbs that are pronominal when used intransitively, some speakers started using the intransitive form pronominally.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, do note that for not just Spain, but the majority of the Spanish-speaking world, &lt;em&gt;regresar&lt;/em&gt; is considered by default non-reflexive.  That, of course, is not to say that you're wrong to use it reflexively (because you're not) but only to ensure that you don't think in American Spanish it's obligatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T01:30:51.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16840" CreationDate="2016-05-23T01:59:35.483" Score="4" ViewCount="3333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy un novato absoluto de español, así mi gramática puede contener unos errores (perdón).  ¿Qué verbo debo usar? Sé que los dos se utilizan como &amp;quot;to tell.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay ejemplos que utilizan los dos, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan me &lt;strong&gt;contó&lt;/strong&gt; la historia de cómo su amigo engañó el profesor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Te &lt;strong&gt;dije&lt;/strong&gt; que parases de jugar con los videojuegos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál se utiliza con más frecuencia, y cuál debería utilizarse? Alguna ayuda sería apreciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12735" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T03:57:35.050" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;contar&quot; y &quot;decir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-05-23T03:09:30.980" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Guifa. From my own experience (center of Spain), your dictionary is right in saying &quot;regresarse&quot; isn't used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vjq6yKF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; seems to agree: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regresar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. &lt;em&gt;intr.&lt;/em&gt; Volver al lugar de donde se partió. &lt;em&gt;En Am., u. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt; [= en América, usado como verbo pronominal]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pGslQSDPQzpforAk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGLE&lt;/a&gt;, for its part, isn't any less laconic in describing this expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En varios países americanos, aunque no en todos, se emplean &lt;em&gt;demorarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enfermarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;regresarse&lt;/strong&gt; a un lugar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;soñarse con algo o alguien&lt;/em&gt; y otros verbos pronominales similares a estos, a menudo en alternancia con usos no pronominales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Hay colombianos que 'triunfan' en Nueva York, otros se regresan con los bolsillos vacíos (&lt;em&gt;Tiempo&lt;/em&gt; [Colombia], 1/7/1989).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is some information as to how it is used, but none about how it got to exist only on one side of the pond or since when.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I can say regarding the first question is that, just as species start differing progressively when they colonize different habitats with little or no communication, so do languages. As an attempt to answer the second question, here's some additional data from CORDE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YoZwx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YoZwx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, all contemporary uses of reflexive &quot;regresarse&quot; are by Latin American writers (6), except for one instance in 1946 by a Spanish author. There are a few hits from Spain around 1800's (2), but that's about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other combinations yield similar results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summing up the forms &quot;regresarse&quot; (25) + &quot;se regresó&quot; (14) + &quot;se regresa&quot; (14) + &quot;se regresaron&quot; (8) + &quot;me regresé&quot; (6) + &quot;se regresaba&quot; (4) + &quot;se regresaría&quot; (4) + &quot;me regreso&quot; (4) +  &quot;se regrese&quot; (3) + &quot;se había regresado&quot; (2) + &quot;nos regresamos&quot; (2) + &quot;se habían regresado&quot; (1) + &quot;se regresaban&quot; (1) + &quot;se regresan&quot; (1) + &quot;se habría regresado&quot; (1)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DMdqg.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DMdqg.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, &quot;regresarse&quot; is far more common in Latin America. It's rare in Spain, but it doesn't seem to me that it was used before more than it is used now. The popularity of the term seems to have increased in Latin America, but not in Spain (or maybe there are more works available now, CORDE doesn't show relative numbers as NGram does), the gap between the two being wider now (1:2 up to 1899 vs 1:5 now, approximately).&#xA;My conclusion is that, rather than being a construction that fell into disuse in Spain, it was in Latin America where the verb &quot;regresar&quot; took on this new form and grew popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Other forms not listed here returned 0 hits.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T10:47:39.030" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T10:47:39.030" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16837" CreationDate="2016-05-23T03:19:37.577" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa más el verbo &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;. El verbo &lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt; sólo se usa* cuando una persona le dice a alguien lo que pasó en una historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, cuéntame la historia de La Cenicienta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, dime tu dirección.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi esposa nunca me dice que me ama.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Además, puede significar &quot;to count&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="3116" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T03:28:31.177" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T03:28:31.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16843" CreationDate="2016-05-23T08:54:17.597" Score="4" ViewCount="19440" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se oye con frecuencia en España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Mañana tengo que ir a trabajar. ¡&lt;strong&gt;Qué palo me da&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Esta noche tengo cena de familiar. &lt;strong&gt;Me da un palo horrible&lt;/strong&gt;, el pesado de mi cuñado siempre está con sus chistecitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa &lt;strong&gt;dar palo&lt;/strong&gt; (más, opcionalmente, algún calificativo) para indicar que algo nos da pereza, nos asquea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE menciona la expresión, pero le da un significado bastante diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RaOp0rz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;palo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dar palo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Salir o suceder algo al contrario de como se esperaba o deseaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me pregunto: ¿de dónde viene esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado: leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/me-da-palo.296657/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference - me da palo&lt;/a&gt; que en Canarias tiene otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Canarias cuando se usa la expresión &quot;me da palo&quot; se hace con el&#xA;  significado de &quot;dar vergüenza&quot;, no tiene ninguna otra acepción aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que la siguiente pregunta es obligada: ¿Dónde más se usa esta expresión con este significado? ¿Qué quiere decir en otras regiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T04:31:05.183" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;me da palo&quot; cuando algo nos da pereza?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16842" CreationDate="2016-05-23T10:46:06.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como lo menciona el DRAE, creo que el sentido es bastante literal: cuando algo no sale como esperas &lt;em&gt;te llevas un palo&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, es como si te dieran con un palo para devolverte a la realidad. No puedo afirmarlo categóricamente, pero seguramente vendrá de los castigos físicos, cuando hacías algo mal y te pillaban te podían arrear desde con el cinturón hasta con una vara. Por tanto, si algo no salía como esperabas y te pillaban te llevabas un palo, pero físicamente. Hoy en día se usa más metafóricamente (menos mal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, cómo pasó la expresión a significar &lt;code&gt;dar pereza&lt;/code&gt;, lo ignoro. Imagino que si sabes que por hacer algo te puedes llevar un castigo empiezas a dejar de querer hacerlo. Por tanto, no sería raro decir que algo &lt;em&gt;te da palo&lt;/em&gt; cuando sencillamente no tienes ganas o voluntad de hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T10:46:06.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16845" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16849" CreationDate="2016-05-23T12:12:02.927" Score="5" ViewCount="3973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to address a person with a medical Dr. title formally in mail. In English it is simple, just adding the title: &quot;Dear Dr. X.&quot; In German, on the other hand, it is a bit more complex: I also need to add a proper gender prefix (Herr or Frau): &quot;Sehr geehrter Herr Dr X&quot; or &quot;Sehr geehrte Frau Dr X&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it done in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12742" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T12:39:18.957" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T14:23:38.170" Title="Addressing a person in mail, person has a title" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16845" CreationDate="2016-05-23T12:26:43.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply write &quot;Querido Doctor (o Doctora) X&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12743" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T12:26:43.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16845" CreationDate="2016-05-23T12:31:17.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the proper way is &lt;code&gt;Dr.&lt;/code&gt; (male) or &lt;code&gt;Dra.&lt;/code&gt; (female). Both are abbreviations of &lt;code&gt;doctor&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;doctora&lt;/code&gt;, respectively. If you use the whole word, it can be used in lower case, but if you use the abbreviation, it is used in upper case, even in the middle of a sentence. In all cases, the title is followed by the person's surname.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Tengo que concertar una cita con la doctora López.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- El Dr. Ibáñez no puede atenderle hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Dónde es la conferencia del doctor Carreras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;code&gt;doctor&lt;/code&gt; replaces the use of &lt;code&gt;señor&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;don&lt;/code&gt;, so you must not use things like &lt;em&gt;señor doctor don&lt;/em&gt;, as it could sound like you are mocking the person alluded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T14:23:38.170" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T14:23:38.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16845" CreationDate="2016-05-23T12:33:27.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated on wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Formal salutations. Only written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimado&quot; (+ name or title &quot;Señor&quot;. &quot;Sr.&quot; is the abbreviation). For    male. Example for a man called Juan García: &quot;Estimado Juan&quot; or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimado Sr. García&quot;. The last is more formal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimada&quot; (+ name or title &quot;Señora&quot;. &quot;Sra.&quot; is the abbreviation). For female. Example for a woman called Ana Sánchez:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimada Ana&quot; or &quot;Estimada Sra. Sánchez&quot;. The last is more formal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimados amigos&quot; (plural) When your letter is addressed to a group of people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimado amigo&quot; or &quot;Querido amigo&quot; (male or unknown gender). You may or not know the name of the person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimada amiga&quot; or &quot;Querida amiga&quot; (female).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Estimadas amigas&quot; (a group of females).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Excelentísimo Señor&quot; (+name or without it) or &quot;Excelentísima Señora&quot; (female). This is extremely formal and is usually reserved&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  for certain formal procedures with the government. You can also use&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Ilustrísimo&quot; (male) or &quot;Ilustrísima&quot; (female) instead of&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Excelentísimo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sr. or Sra. include the gender, so there is no need to add an extra word as 'Frau'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If he/she has the title Dr. / Dra. , then it should be added instead of Sr. / Sra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Summarizing&lt;/em&gt;: A formal way to address can be 'Estimado/Estimada' + 'Dr.'/'Dra'/ or 'Sr.' /'Sra' or (highest rank) + surname&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ref:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salutation#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salutation#Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T14:15:57.377" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T14:15:57.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16850" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16863" CreationDate="2016-05-23T13:38:34.407" Score="3" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get that there is a differece between a statement and a question. E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan viene. 》 ¿Viene Juan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a veces es diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una canción que se dice: &quot;&lt;em&gt;PR somos tú y yo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. ¿Por qué no dice &quot;&lt;em&gt;tú y yo somos de PR&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un ejemplo que no entiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorUserId="12039" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T15:01:56.520" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:28:02.203" Title="When does the Spanish word order differ?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-23T13:39:23.753" Score="2" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gocomics.com/espanol/luannspanish/2015/03/22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this comic&lt;/a&gt;, Luanne lists terms of endearment, &quot;media naranja&quot; being one. This is a new one on me, and I can't figure out why &quot;half orange&quot; would be much more endearing than &quot;half wit.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it an indication that you are not whole without the other person, that with them you become a complete person, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T13:39:23.753" Title="Why would &quot;half orange&quot; be a term of endearment?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-05-23T13:44:16.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-23T14:42:58.037" Score="0" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not a press conference' to be proud of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no es una rueda de prensa para estar orgulloso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm at loss, any suggestions? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T14:29:34.433" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T14:31:27.980" Title="How to translate &quot;Not a (noun) to be proud of&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16852" CreationDate="2016-05-23T15:56:08.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your sentence sounds okay and is perfectly understandable, but I'd prefer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es una rueda de prensa &lt;strong&gt;de la que&lt;/strong&gt; estar orgulloso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es una rueda de prensa de la que &lt;em&gt;sentirse&lt;/em&gt; orgulloso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No es una rueda de prensa de la que &lt;em&gt;enorgullecerse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are fine and mean the same thing as the first one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the Spanish sentence necessarily contains more information than the English one because there's no direct way to say &quot;not a (noun)&quot; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A great idea = una idea genial&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Not a great idea = ?No una idea genial, ?Una idea no genial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to add a verb to say &quot;not a (noun)&quot; and choose the right tense. If the press conference was in the past you can say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;em&gt;fue/ha sido&lt;/em&gt; una rueda de prensa de la que estar orgulloso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ha sido&lt;/em&gt; makes it sound closer in time and is more common in Spain. Of course, you can keep it present to give it a more general feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other variations regarding the subordinate verb would require providing even more information. Who's (not) feeling proud? The speaker, the listener, a third party? Was it one person or more? Were they men or women? Let's say it's a male speaker who's not feeling proud. Then you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es una rueda de prensa de la que me &lt;strong&gt;sienta&lt;/strong&gt; orgulloso (focus on the present)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No es una rueda de prensa de la que me &lt;strong&gt;sintiera&lt;/strong&gt; orgulloso (focus on the past)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No es una rueda de prensa de la que me &lt;strong&gt;haya sentido&lt;/strong&gt; orgulloso (focus on the past, means pretty much the same as the previous option and is a tad more common)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a slight change in meaning when you conjugate the verb of the subordinate clause: in &lt;em&gt;No es una rueda de prensa de la que estar orgulloso&lt;/em&gt; you're basically saying you &lt;em&gt;shouldn't&lt;/em&gt; be proud of it. In &lt;em&gt;No es una rueda de prensa de la que me sienta orgulloso&lt;/em&gt;, you're saying you &lt;em&gt;aren't&lt;/em&gt; proud of it. Depending on what you want to convey, you can pick one option or the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;orgulloso&quot; must agree in gender and number with the one being proud, be it the speaker or the person alluded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T14:31:27.980" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T14:31:27.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16855" CreationDate="2016-05-23T21:28:21.280" Score="0" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey does anyone know how to make sure sentences are proper in Spanish? I am in a high school Spanish class, but whenever I speak it comes out improper (Kind of like mixing up the words on accident). Does anyone else know if there is a way to know if it is not grammatically correct by looking at it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example (When saying): &quot;John is coming.&quot; in Spanish, one I never know proper translator apps/websites, and also sometimes I see: &quot;John is coming today.&quot; and the today part (hoy) is in the front.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another confusion, for example, is when saying &quot;with me&quot; I know is &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt; but when the &quot;with&quot; isn't there, like saying: &quot;The teacher failed me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you do? Does anyone have a list of rules, or notes on making proper and not messed up sentences?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12749" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T09:48:37.373" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:48:37.373" Title="Proper Speaking" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-05-24T09:48:46.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16854" CreationDate="2016-05-23T21:41:09.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The good news: there is a &quot;method to the madness&quot;; you can google/bing something like &quot;Spanish sentence structure&quot; and find pages like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish411.net/Spanish-Sentence-Structure.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going down that path, though, means a lot of brain-numbing rote drilling and memorization. I prefer to &quot;learn it by ear&quot; - eventually, you'll be able to tell what is right by if it sounds right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bad news: I've been trying to learn Spanish for three years, and I still get word order jumbled up on a regular basis. But I can speak English with no problem, because it is my native tongue, and...I never learned the rules of English sentence structure, I learned it &quot;by ear.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which tack you decide to take (following rules or following your ear (or some combination of the two)) is a personal choice  and is somewhat like learning music - you can either play the notes on the page, painstakingly, or you can play by ear. Which is better probably differs from person to person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T21:41:09.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16858" CreationDate="2016-05-23T23:19:24.253" Score="1" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how one would re-order the Spanish sentence &lt;strong&gt;&quot;La silla está debajo de la mesa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; to add more variety to a paper discussing location.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12750" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T07:43:02.347" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T14:30:46.280" Title="What are some ways to word &quot;La silla está debajo de la mesa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16860" CreationDate="2016-05-24T04:11:28.873" Score="5" ViewCount="6251" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how one would say &quot;which is&quot; in Spanish in a non-questioning usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that it could be &quot;Cual es&quot; as a question, but what about in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like blue, &lt;em&gt;which is&lt;/em&gt; also the color of the sky&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12750" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T08:19:55.697" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T05:47:50.190" Title="How do you say &quot;Which is&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16856" CreationDate="2016-05-24T04:37:52.763" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the order of the subject, verb, and associated objects or complements (such as adverbs) can be freely reordered.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;Modifiers to each of those elements, however, must remain where attached, relatively speaking, to their parent element.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, we have three &quot;top level&quot; elements: &lt;em&gt;the subject&lt;/em&gt; (silla), &lt;em&gt;the verb&lt;/em&gt; (está) and a &lt;em&gt;locative complement&lt;/em&gt; (debajo).  The complement is modified with a prepositional clause initiated by &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; (and the &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; can only follow it.  The object of that preposition is &lt;em&gt;mesa&lt;/em&gt;, which must come after the &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Mesa&lt;/em&gt; is determined by the article &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; which, as a determiner, must precede its associated noun.  In other words, &lt;em&gt;debajo de la mesa&lt;/em&gt; is a fixed word order that must move as a unit.  Similarly, the subject &lt;em&gt;silla&lt;/em&gt; is determined by the article &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, and thus forms another fixed unit of &lt;em&gt;la silla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now given a S(ubject), V(erb) and C(omplement), we can freely use any order we want:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SVC - La silla está debajo de la mesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SCV - La silla debajo de la mesa está.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VSC - Está la silla debajo de la mesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VCS - Está debajo de la mesa la silla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV - Debajo de la mesa la silla está.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CVS - Debajo de la mesa está la silla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are perfectly grammatical sentences, and all may potentially be uttered depending on context and emphasis.  For example, contrastive elements tend to be put in the front so you would use the CVS or VCS structure if someone asked if the chair was beside the table (because you're contrasting with under with beside).  You'll often begin with the subject if it hasn't been previously announced (SVC — SCV is rare).  Others will be used only with a particular intonation that's a bit complicated to explain and is something you will learn over time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the six listed above, the most common ones will be SVC (the canonical or default ordering), VSC (especially common in subordinate clauses), or CVS (to emphasis the complement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12750" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T14:30:46.280" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T14:30:46.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-24T05:06:27.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Which&quot; has several translations besides &quot;cual&quot; - see, for instance &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=which&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the sentence you are asking about I think &quot;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be best, thus your &quot;...which is also...&quot; would be rendered &quot;&lt;strong&gt;...que también es...&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T09:57:32.823" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:57:32.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-24T06:40:30.687" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option apart from 野原無's answer is very similar to your original choice, and it would be &lt;code&gt;el cual es&lt;/code&gt;, so you would have the following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el azul, el cual es también el color del cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el azul, el cual también es el color del cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: of course you would have to coordinate gender/number depending on the sentence: &lt;code&gt;el cual es&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;la cual es&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;los cuales son&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;las cuales son&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T07:48:23.163" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T07:48:23.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16862" CreationDate="2016-05-24T08:18:49.080" Score="2" ViewCount="5062" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usan con frecuencia las expresiones &lt;strong&gt;quedarse tan ancho&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;quedarse tan pancho&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- A Juan le dijeron que vigilara el fuego, pero se le quemó la&#xA;  tortilla. Lo bueno es que se &lt;em&gt;quedó tan ancho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Fíjate en ese señor de allí: acaba de tirar un papel en el suelo y&#xA;  se ha &lt;em&gt;quedado tan pancho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, en ambos casos nos referimos a ejecutar una acción (o no acción) sin que nos importe demasiado la consecuencia de ella (o de su omisión). O al menos así las entiendo yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el diccionario veo que puden tener cierta diferencia, en cuanto a que &lt;em&gt;quedarse tan ancho&lt;/em&gt; podría implicar cierto regodeo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;quedarse tan pancho&lt;/em&gt; sería más bien despreocupación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2XUmTEA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ancho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Orgulloso, envanecido, ufano. &lt;em&gt;Soltó un disparate y se quedó tan ancho. Qué ancho está con su ordenador nuevo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rdrqca0%7CRduNq6I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pancho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. pantex, -ĭcis 'panza'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Tranquilo, inalterado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que me surge es: ¿son ambas expresiones equivalentes? ¿tiene uno alguna connotación diferente? ¿se usan en más zonas además de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:47:33.400" Title="¿Son equivalentes &quot;quedarse tan ancho&quot; y &quot;quedarse tan pancho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16861" CreationDate="2016-05-24T08:55:29.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por aquí (Andalucía) se conocen las dos expresiones, y por mi experiencia puedo decir que tienen exactamente el sentido que indica el DRAE, tal y como muestras. Por tanto, no son equivalentes. La expresión &lt;code&gt;quedarse tan pancho&lt;/code&gt; indica eso, tranquilidad, sosiego, mientras que &lt;code&gt;quedarse tan ancho&lt;/code&gt; indica además un cierto enorgullecimiento del que la otra expresión carece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fíjate en ese señor de allí: acaba de tirar un papel en el suelo y se ha quedado tan pancho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no hay enorgullecimiento, simplemente que ha tirado el papel sin remordimientos, tan tranquilo. En los otros ejemplos sí hay envanecimiento: por el ordenador nuevo, por creer haber soltado una gracia en vez de un disparate, etc. De hecho, en primer ejemplo, el de la tortilla, yo usaría la versión de &lt;em&gt;pancho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa es que por la similitud fonética (y semántica hasta cierto punto) la gente las use indistintamente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T09:47:33.400" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:47:33.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16850" CreationDate="2016-05-24T09:28:02.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can change the order without problems. In Spanish, the phrasal structure is very flexible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Juan fue ayer al cine con Ana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has the following valid forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Al cine con Ana, fue ayer Juan&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ayer, Juan fue al cine con Ana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Con Ana, al cine fue ayer Juan&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone speaking spanish will understand and accept all of them as correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:28:02.203" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-24T10:54:04.013" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In these types of cases you could also just use &quot;que es&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el azul, que también es el color del cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &quot;el cual es&quot; sounds a little outdated, formal or regional to me. It reads a little like something written by someone from Spain. But again, this might just be because in certain places it is more common to use &quot;que&quot; than &quot;el cual&quot; for such cases. Both are correct though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two things to note though, &quot;el cual&quot; is more precise to mean &quot;which&quot;, where &quot;que&quot; can also mean &quot;that&quot; (as in &quot;the color &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;...&quot;), also, how you choose to phrase it can greatly depend on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2645" LastEditorUserId="2645" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T11:09:42.057" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T11:09:42.057" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-24T12:17:27.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, this is a non-defining relative clause.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Keep it simple, you can just replace &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el azul, que también es el color del cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The relative pronouns &lt;em&gt;which, who&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; can all be replaced by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; to form subordinated sentences in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T12:17:27.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-24T21:03:56.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like blue, which is also the color of the sky&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to any of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta el azul, que también es el color del cielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta el azul, que es también el color del cielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta el azul, el cual es también el color del cielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta el azul, el cual es, además, el color del cielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta el azul, que además, es el color del cielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of those sentences would be less commonly heard than others, but none would be incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12764" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T21:03:56.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-05-25T00:21:50.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct answer is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el azul, que es también el color del cielo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which backtranslates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like blue, that is also the color of the sky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.e., you would not translate from &quot;which&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12766" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T05:47:50.190" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T05:47:50.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8604" CreationDate="2016-05-25T01:21:56.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comentaron anteriormente, &lt;em&gt;achichuca&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;code&gt;qué calor&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;em&gt;achichai&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;qué frío&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos palabras provienen de la lengua quechua originaria de Perú y diseminada por toda la región andina de Suramérica, específicamente por lo que en la actualidad se conoce como norte de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, suroeste colombiano (Pasto), Ecuador y Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XXVpq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XXVpq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_quechuas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_quechuas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12767" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T08:08:26.273" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T08:08:26.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2016-05-25T02:26:50.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the 20th Century, Spanish language scholars looked at the issues of &lt;em&gt;el tuteo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;el voseo&lt;/em&gt;.  &quot;Ustedeo&quot; is an inside-out twist at looking at honorific usted / ustedes forms of the 3rd conjugation. I recommend any student of Spanish to research &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;, as it is not typically taught in school, even though 40% of Latin Americans use the &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you learn about &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;, you will understand enough about Ud./Uds. to figure out the rest, and avoid looking at the same cow through a different window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12768" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T00:54:23.203" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T00:54:23.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2016-05-25T05:08:58.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I studied Spanish in University in the USA, Costa Rica, and Ecuador. I learned to use &lt;em&gt;voseo/tuteo&lt;/em&gt; simultaneously, but I still refer to people close to me in &lt;em&gt;vos(voseo)&lt;/em&gt;, even when I speak in &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; I use the pronoun &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; because of my connections to Central America/Middle part of Ecuador-Quito.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I currently live in Nicaragua and we use &lt;em&gt;Vos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12771" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T13:45:17.140" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T13:45:17.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16892" CreationDate="2016-05-25T10:46:46.457" Score="4" ViewCount="581" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of programming, we refer to &quot;pipe&quot; as the action where you send the output of a process into another one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo &quot;hello&quot; | sed 's/h/XX/g'&#xA;#            ^&#xA;#      this is a pipe!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the pipe &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; represents that for a given input &quot;hello&quot; that gets printed by the executable &lt;code&gt;echo&lt;/code&gt;, another command &lt;code&gt;sed&lt;/code&gt; will perform an action (replacing all &lt;code&gt;h&lt;/code&gt;s with &lt;code&gt;XX&lt;/code&gt;, but this is not important).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pipe can be a noun or a verb. So what I want to know is how to say this as a verb in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=pipe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference suggests&lt;/a&gt; these verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;canalizar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and these nouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tubería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manguera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they are liquid-related, so I wonder if any other verb can match better in the IT context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T08:29:52.673" Title="&quot;Pipe&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16872" CreationDate="2016-05-25T11:18:06.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, in an IT context, a good translation for pipe as a verb would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=conectar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conectar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means to connect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2728" LastEditorUserId="2728" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T09:24:25.030" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:24:25.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16872" CreationDate="2016-05-25T11:59:30.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuber%C3%ADa_%28inform%C3%A1tica%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tubería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si hay varios comandos juntos usaría &lt;em&gt;encadenar&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;cadena de comandos&lt;/em&gt;), como la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_%28Unix%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;traducción portuguesa de Pipeline&lt;/a&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;Encadeamento&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T12:58:54.610" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T12:58:54.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16872" CreationDate="2016-05-25T12:28:44.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the best translation for the verb would be, as AlexBcn suggests,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=encadenar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encadenar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vtr (enlazar palabras) chain, link vtr&#xA;make a chain of v expr&#xA;string [sth] together v expr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=concatenar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;concatenar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;link vtr&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;link [sth] together, put [sth] together vtr&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(formal) concatenate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as both convey the idea of &amp;quot;sequentially linking&amp;quot; of pipe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T12:28:44.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-25T12:32:51.473" Score="4" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;mientras él no reconociera haber&#xA;  mentido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy confundida. En este caso &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; no expresa simultaneidad, sino posterioridad, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12775" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T13:00:50.903" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T15:35:38.820" Title="¿Puede &quot;mientras&quot; indicar posterioridad en lugar de simultaneidad?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16876" CreationDate="2016-05-25T12:46:06.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad sí que expresa simultaneidad. Piénsalo de esta forma: mientras se dé la condición (no reconocer haber mentido), al mismo tiempo se dará la premisa (no estar dispuesta a volver). En el momento en el que la condición falle (se reconozca la mentira) la simultaneidad se romperá y se podrá proceder con la ejecución de la premisa (estar dispuesta a volver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para indicar posteridad la frase se puede expresar de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;hasta que&lt;/strong&gt; él reconociera haber mentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T14:02:25.933" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T14:02:25.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16876" CreationDate="2016-05-25T13:51:53.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las siguientes oraciones son más o menos equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;mientras&lt;/strong&gt; él no reconociera haber mentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;a menos que&lt;/strong&gt; él reconociera haber mentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;siempre y cuando&lt;/strong&gt; él reconociera haber mentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella estaba dispuesta a volver &lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt; él reconocía haber mentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todas hay una condición que él debe cumplir para que ella vuelva. La única diferencia destacable es que el &quot;mientras&quot; de la primera oración incluye el factor temporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, en tu oración el &lt;strong&gt;mientras&lt;/strong&gt; no indica posterioridad sino una &lt;strong&gt;condición de la duración&lt;/strong&gt; de una acción. Tal vez no es muy claro entenderlo como &quot;simultaneidad&quot;, pero es exactamente eso: la acción de ella ocurrirá durante el tiempo que ocurra la acción de él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Aunque normalmente no se incluye el &quot;mientras&quot; entre las conjunciones condicionales (no la vas a encontrar), los programadores saben que es una palabra fundamental para definir estructuras condiciones. En cambio en gramática se considera adverbio y conjunción &lt;em&gt;temporal&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T13:51:53.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25" CreationDate="2016-05-25T15:57:04.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's true that some decades ago &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; was widely used in Spain. Perhaps the use of &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; had something to do with the end of Franco's dictatorship. Just to clarify: We broke free from a one-party (fascist) to a democracy (where communist party became legal) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T15:57:04.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-25T19:26:03.920" Score="2" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al contrario del principio, &lt;strong&gt;cuando hubiera querido encontrarse&lt;/strong&gt; con&#xA;  el enemigo invisible para convencerlo de sus errores, ahora sólo&#xA;  quería hacerlo picadillo con las tijeras de podar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; en esta frase un conector adversativo o temporal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12780" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T05:51:25.430" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T05:51:25.430" Title="Cuando: ¿un nexo adversativo o temporal?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16880" CreationDate="2016-05-25T20:02:00.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; es un ejemplo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conector_%28ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica%29#Temporales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conector temporal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conector adversativo es el que se usa para contrastar dos cosas opuestas: en esta misma oración se hace mediante la expresión &lt;em&gt;al contrario&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T20:02:00.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16880" CreationDate="2016-05-25T20:10:06.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;temporal&lt;/strong&gt;, se refiere al &lt;em&gt;momento&lt;/em&gt; en el que hubiera querido encontrarse con el enemigo invisible (al principio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuando&quot; es adversativo en una oración como la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres odiosa porque me traes peras cuando sabes que lo que yo quiero son manzanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí es más o menos equivalente a un &quot;pero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T20:10:06.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16885" CreationDate="2016-05-25T23:19:04.927" Score="4" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently using &quot;The Red-Hot Book of Spanish Slang and Idioms&quot; to supplement my Spanish language learning. It says that &quot;los trapos&quot; (with a literal translation of rags) means clothing in slang. It has the example sentence &quot;Me compré algunos trapos.&quot; meaning &quot;I bought some clothes.&quot; Has anyone ever heard trapos used this way and if so is it only used to refer to trashy clothes or just all clothes in general? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12782" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T20:08:33.543" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T20:08:33.543" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;los trapos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16883" CreationDate="2016-05-26T02:42:56.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Argentina y acá por lo menos no se utiliza y tampoco lo había escuchado con ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ahí si te interesa acá llamamos &quot;trapitos&quot; a las personas que te cuidan el auto en la calle (lo cual es medio relativo porque en realidad les tenés que dar plata para que no te rompan el auto ellos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T07:43:31.353" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T07:43:31.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16883" CreationDate="2016-05-26T06:23:53.727" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Spain the term is known, but I think it is a bit pejorative term, and it is not used when you speak about clothes in a standard way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pero si apenas me he comprado un par de trapitos...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué son esos trapos que llevas puestos?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, the term refers to low quality, cheap clothes (always from a subjective point of view).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T06:23:53.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16888" CreationDate="2016-05-26T12:12:59.900" Score="5" ViewCount="1318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the following translation make sense in Spanish? What would be the appropriate translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How many more apples does John have than Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos más manzanas tiene John que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12785" LastEditorUserId="12785" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T21:24:46.093" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T21:24:46.093" Title="How can I say &quot;How many more apples does John have than Phil?&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16886" CreationDate="2016-05-26T12:33:39.987" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your attempt is correct. You just missed the fact that &quot;manzanas&quot; is feminine, so &quot;cuántos&quot; has to match the gender and be &quot;cuántas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuánt&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;s más manzanas tiene Ali que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to me it sounds a bit better to swap both terms and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas &lt;strong&gt;manzanas más&lt;/strong&gt; tiene Ali que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T12:33:39.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16886" CreationDate="2016-05-26T12:38:47.623" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, &quot;cuánto/cuánta/cuántos/cuántas&quot; is an &lt;em&gt;adjetivo interrogativo&lt;/em&gt; which, as all adjectives, must agree with the noun it qualifies — &quot;manzanas&quot;, in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the adverb &quot;más&quot;, if paired with some kind of quantifier, is generally placed after the noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas manzanas más necesitas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Necesito tres manzanas más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I wouldn't separate &quot;más&quot; and &quot;que&quot; because that makes it more difficult to parse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summing up, I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas manzanas más que Phil tiene Ali?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Ali tiene cuántas manzanas más que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last one sounds clunkier to me, but it could sound natural if pronounced with a different intonation. I would pronounce the first one with a falling intonation, and the last one with a rising intonation (or a &quot;less falling&quot; one), as though I wanted the addressee to complete my sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you could go with a different wording:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas manzanas más tiene Alí con respecto a Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't love the last one, but that is personal preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T13:00:40.870" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T13:00:40.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T13:38:25.880" Score="3" ViewCount="6858" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, I hear &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; used mostly by itself as an exclamation, but sometimes in a sentence: &lt;code&gt;Ojalá + que + subjunctive verb&lt;/code&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá que yo sepa la respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, I hear &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; used both as an exclamation and in a sentence: &lt;code&gt;Ojalá + imperfect subjunctive verb&lt;/code&gt;. (no conjunction &quot;que&quot;). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá yo supiera la respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an accurate comparison of uses of Spanish in these two places?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T20:22:51.167" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T09:19:30.207" Title="Usage of &quot;ojalá + que&quot; or &quot;ojalá&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16886" CreationDate="2016-05-26T13:47:56.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In light of the English grammar involved, to make it similar of what a Spanish speaker would say, I'd phrase it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas manzanas más tiene Alí que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's perfectly idiomatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Swapping we get another sentence given by fedorqui:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas más manzanas tiene Alí que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember saying this wording once, but now it doesn't click on my ears, so I'd use the first one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T13:47:56.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16889" CreationDate="2016-05-26T13:53:51.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; is basically the &lt;em&gt;I wish&lt;/em&gt; structure in English.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We can use the present and imperfect subjunctive. When using the former, we're expecting for something to happen in a certain future. When using the latter, the expectation is focused on the present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá no &lt;strong&gt;lloviera&lt;/strong&gt; = Espero que no suceda hoy.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ojalá no &lt;strong&gt;llueva&lt;/strong&gt; = Espero que no suceda mañana o el resto de la semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other option includes the pluperfect past subjunctive like &lt;em&gt;ojalá + hubiese/hubiera + past participle&lt;/em&gt;; its implication remains in the past. (I didn't happen.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;hubiese traído&lt;/strong&gt; mi paraguas = But I didn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ojalá que&lt;/em&gt; is also used but not often as the plain &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T21:24:07.720" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T21:24:07.720" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16872" CreationDate="2016-05-26T13:56:26.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general, en informática/computación, los términos técnicos varían de un país a otro, y lo que en un país suena natural, en otros suena forzado &lt;strong&gt;o incluso mal&lt;/strong&gt;. Este tipo de neologismos no llegan de manera centralizada al mundo hispanohablante, y por lo mismo, unas traducciones prevalecen sobre otras en cada lugar, dependiendo de la cultura, modas, oportunidades, etc. Tómese como ejemplo el mismo &lt;em&gt;computer&lt;/em&gt;, que en unos países es &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; (m), en otros &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; (f) y en otros &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; (m), o el &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt;, que puede ser &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; (m) o simplemente &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt; (m, con pronunciación aproximada al original inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Propongo una respuesta wiki por países, para que cada uno llene con el uso de su país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Posibles traducciones de la acción &lt;em&gt;to pipe&lt;/em&gt; (y de su efecto):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encadenar (encadenado a/con)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Concatenar (concatenado a/con)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conectar (conectado a/con)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(none yet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Posibles traducciones para el caracter &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;pipe&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tubería (f)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pipe&lt;/em&gt; (m, anglicismo no traducido)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Barra vertical (f)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cauce (m)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T10:51:56.810" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T10:51:56.810" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-26T13:56:26.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:09:43.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you should be aware that a lot of words in Spanish have different meanings from country to country, even on different regions on the same country. So if you want to be sure you should say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué lindo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be a neutral and correct way to express &lt;code&gt;How cute!&lt;/code&gt;, if you happen to know the local expression, well, that would be the best, but keep in mind that in Spanish the same expression in two different places could go from friendly to &lt;em&gt;highly&lt;/em&gt; offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Cuba, you can say &lt;code&gt;¡Qué chulo!&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;¡Qué chulo está ese niño!&lt;/code&gt;; and&#xA;in Spain &lt;code&gt;¡Qué mono!&lt;/code&gt; is perfectly fine. But &lt;code&gt;¡Qué mono!&lt;/code&gt; in Cuba for sure is not the best, if the context is OK you will be fine but this means something different in Cuba (still not offensive though). By the contrary, in Spain &lt;code&gt;¡Qué chulo!&lt;/code&gt; won't be the best choice either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12788" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T21:12:24.400" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T21:12:24.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16899" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:16:36.880" Score="3" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do the following translations look right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How many more students like biking than swimming? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How many more students like apples than oranges?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gustan ciclismo que nadar?    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gustan manzanas que naranjas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;x students like biking. y students like swimming.&#xA;Similarly for apples and oranges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12785" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T23:53:06.863" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T23:53:06.863" Title="How can I say &quot;How many more students like biking than swimming?&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16895" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:26:32.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;English:&#xA;How many more students like biking than swimming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&#xA;¿A cuántos estudiantes les gusta más el ciclismo que nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English:&#xA;How many more students like apples than oranges?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&#xA;¿A cuántos estudiantes les gusta más las manzanas que las naranjas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes les gusta el ciclismo antes que nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos estudiantes prefieren el ciclismo a nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these are not literal translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12598" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T15:26:32.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9935" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:31:16.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the other answers are okey. I only suggest ommiting &quot;pero&quot;: &lt;em&gt;afortunadamente&lt;/em&gt; performs the function of an adversative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy llueve, afortunadamente mañana estará soleado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12789" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T20:37:37.007" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T20:37:37.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16876" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:35:38.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para una comprensión más fácil puedes quitar las negaciones, en este caso esto no alteraría el sentido de la oración para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella no estaba dispuesta a volver mientras él no reconociera haber mentido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella estaba dispuesta a volver mientras él reconociera haber mentido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de esta forma puedes ver más claramente la simultaneidad, es un poco confuso manejar dobles negaciones, siempre que puedas recomiendo simplificar de esta manera las oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12789" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T15:35:38.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16895" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:36:46.413" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estas formas son equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gusta más el ciclismo que nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gusta el ciclismo más que nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gustan más las manzanas que las&#xA;  naranjas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A cuántos estudiantes más les gustan las manzanas más que las&#xA;  naranjas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second form sounds better to me as both &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; aren't so close to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you need two &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt;: Te first &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;--&gt; &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; and the second &lt;em&gt;más ... que&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;--&gt; &lt;em&gt;than&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T09:53:20.647" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T09:53:20.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16886" CreationDate="2016-05-26T19:14:07.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How many more apples does John have than Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas manzanas de más tiene John que Phil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: myself,  Spanish is my native language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12792" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T21:12:06.723" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T21:12:06.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16901" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16903" CreationDate="2016-05-26T22:51:11.857" Score="3" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed when watching movies in English with Spanish subtitles that the Spanish seems to render a &quot;softer&quot; version of any coarse language spoken in English. For example, &quot;god damn it!&quot; is usually translated as &quot;maldita sea&quot; which simple means &quot;cursed be it.&quot; I have also seen other English &quot;cuss&quot; words translated simply as &quot;idiota&quot; or &quot;imbecile&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this really reflect a kinder, gentler nature among Spanish speakers, or what's going on here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I mentioned, I have noticed this in general, but I noticed multiple examples of it last night while watching &lt;em&gt;Ferris Bueller's Day Off&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My wife (who speaks no Spanish) and I had a somewhat lively discussion about it when I mentioned the disconnect to her - she thinks the translations must be wrong. So which is it? For the sake of honest translation, should the subtitles have been coarser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T19:29:25.603" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T19:29:25.603" Title="Do Spanish speakers tend to be less rude, crude, and unrefined than English speakers, or are the movie subtitle translations misleading me?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16901" CreationDate="2016-05-27T03:30:35.833" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rude words and expressions have little to do with their literal meanings. For example a literal translation of &quot;God damn it!&quot; would be something like &quot;¡Que Dios lo condene!&quot; which doesn't sound rude at all in Spanish. In fact it sounds kind of refined, like you personally think something is bad but are humbly deferring the judgment to God.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is inevitable that the translation of many curse words and rude expressions will not transmit the same rudeness, so the translators usually just make something up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T03:30:35.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16883" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:02:19.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want an example, you could search the song of the Spanish music group Mecano, &lt;em&gt;Busco Algo Barato&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los almacenes de la calle 20 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;son el museo de toda la gente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cosas baratas que despiertan la atención&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entre los trapos y los camisones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la gente busca nuevas sensaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;comprar barato da una extraña excitación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busco,busco, busco entre los trapos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T09:43:33.083" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T09:43:33.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16901" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:03:17.293" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides the arguments given by @SantagoTórtora, you have to considerer that usually it takes more time to read than to listen. In a movie that is fast paced, they may need to cut the subtitles short, and that may be another reason for their not translating faithfully the audio - they sometimes omit words (or even full sentences), make substitutions , etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A famous example of a substitution is &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/multipl%C3%ADcate-por-cero.233564/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bart Simpson's&lt;/a&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;Eat my shorts&lt;/em&gt;&quot; translated in Spain as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Multiplícate por cero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T20:06:37.503" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T20:06:37.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16911" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:42:47.737" Score="1" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo un software y en él me encuentro con frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opening archive failed&lt;/strong&gt; with error code 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase en sí es un poco chusquera y me cuesta ver por dónde cogerla.&#xA;Mi primer pensamiento ha sido traducirla como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La apertura del fichero ha fallado&lt;/strong&gt; con un código de error 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este &quot;&lt;em&gt;la apertura&lt;/em&gt;&quot; me suena bastante mal y estoy  tentado a hacer una traducción libre del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El fichero no ha podido abrirse&lt;/strong&gt; y ha devuelto el error de código 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo conecto &lt;em&gt;opening&lt;/em&gt; con la devolución del código de error? ¿Cómo traduzco el nombre &lt;em&gt;opening&lt;/em&gt; como acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T18:16:01.913" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;opening archive failed&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16906" CreationDate="2016-05-27T10:02:02.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En abriendo(se) el archivo se produjo un error con/de código 400&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitaría &lt;em&gt;al abrir(se)&lt;/em&gt; porque el error, se supone, se produce dentro de la apertura y no justo después que implica &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;. También se puede decir &lt;em&gt;en abrir(se)&lt;/em&gt;, ya que &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; admite tanto gerundio como infinitivo sin distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T10:02:02.280" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="134" CreationDate="2016-05-27T13:00:47.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Redundancy, as in :   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo no se si tu me comprendes a mi lo que yo te estoy diciendo a ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:00:47.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16906" CreationDate="2016-05-27T13:25:22.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;opening&lt;/em&gt; podría verse como un participio presente, en ese caso podría armar una cláusula de este estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El archivo &lt;strong&gt;que se está abriendo&lt;/strong&gt; falló con código de error 500.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto que se pueden añadir otras cosas como artículos y reemplazar &lt;em&gt;falló&lt;/em&gt; para adecuarlo a tus necesidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:25:22.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16883" CreationDate="2016-05-27T13:28:31.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphemism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dysphemisms&lt;/a&gt; (ie, using a dismissive word advisedly rather than another neutral) are especially used to bypass painful or taboo concepts. But sometimes we find &quot;soft&quot; examples in the colloquial language, with sense of humor and almost affectionate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from &quot;trapos&quot; (rags) to refer to clothing, also come to mind these (in Chilean colloquial speak):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vieja&lt;/em&gt; (old woman), referring to the wife or girlfriend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarro&lt;/em&gt; (jar): PC or tower computer, including new and super fast&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cacharro&lt;/em&gt; (jalopy): a car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important that &quot;los trapos&quot; (or &quot;la vieja&quot;, etc.) are &lt;em&gt;mine&lt;/em&gt;. It may be that other person feel offended if you tell her clothes are &quot;trapos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T13:28:31.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16906" CreationDate="2016-05-27T13:54:44.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una traducción (casi palabra a palabra), pero que evita la palabra &lt;em&gt;apertura&lt;/em&gt;, y sigue siendo lo suficientemente neutral y fluida podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Falló el intento de abrir del archivo&lt;/strong&gt;[fichero] con código de error 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad, un poco más libre, y un poco más natural para mi gusto (pero en esto los regionalismos a veces influyen más de lo que uno se imagina), podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error al abrir el archivo&lt;/strong&gt;. Código de error: 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, no soy muy amigo de dar códigos de error sin más, pero esa es una decisión de diseño de los programadores originales en la que quizás no se pueda influir. Pudiendo, prefiero dar posibles explicaciones, o al menos poner un &lt;em&gt;link&lt;/em&gt; desde el código de error a la ayuda: ¿de qué le sirve a un usuario promedio el código 500? Eso se justificaba más en los 80.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T18:16:01.913" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T18:16:01.913" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16906" CreationDate="2016-05-27T13:56:51.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would think something like the first or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El archivo/fichero no se pudo abrir.  Código de error 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abrir el archivo ha fallado con...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T18:01:30.990" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T18:01:30.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:12:33.963" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;shot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;corto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un trago de guaro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chupito (both the shot and the glass)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caballito (&lt;em&gt;únicamente cuando es tequila&lt;/em&gt;) / shot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panamá&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un trago de guaro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perú (Lima)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trago corto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T09:24:20.783" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T09:24:20.783" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-28T14:12:33.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:19:02.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Costa Caribe&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alguien está loco en el buen sentido de la palabra, extrovertido sobre&#xA;  todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España &gt; Canarias&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rozadura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Panamá&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;indica que uno sufrió un raspadura en la piel que causa picazón y&#xA;  enrojecimiento, por motivo del roce con la ropa, más común si se trata&#xA;  de la entrepierna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- loco en el sentido de ser extrovertido: estar muy contento, ser muy enérgico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- estar fuera de sí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- estar colocado, es decir, sumido en un plácido sopor por causa del&#xA;  consumo de cierta sustancia estupefaciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Muy bonito, excelente. ej. Tu carro nuevo esta muy sollado (sollao es la pronunciación de la calle). &lt;br&gt;&#xA;     Dado que se usa en un contexto muy de la calle se puede oír en expresiones como &quot;¡Qué pinta tan sollada!&quot; o &quot;¡Qué solle de pinta!&quot; que traducen al español como &quot;Me gusta mucho la ropa que traes puesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estar loco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T20:33:48.513" CommentCount="8" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-28T14:19:02.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16915" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16928" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:30:18.783" Score="2" ViewCount="905" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba hoy escribiendo a un amigo para darle unas credenciales informáticas, cuando quise decir que era importante poner las mayúsculas y minúsculas tal y como le decía - no es lo mismo en ese software escribir &lt;code&gt;FedorQui&lt;/code&gt; que &lt;code&gt;fedorqui&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escribiéndolo, me pareció que escribir &quot;mayúsculas y minúsculas&quot; era muy largo (escribía con el móvil, con la consiguiente pereza / torpedad para escribir bien), así que puse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escribe las &lt;strong&gt;min/mayúsculas&lt;/strong&gt; tal y como te las paso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego me di cuenta que seguramente me había explicado bien, pero que había cometido una licencia estilística que seguramente la academia no acepta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿es correcto? Más generalmente: Si escribimos &lt;em&gt;hermanos/as&lt;/em&gt;, ¿es acaso correcto hacer lo mismo al principio de las palabras comunes,separando con una barra la parte diferente y concatenando la común? A efectos prácticos, sería como escribir &lt;code&gt;(min/may)úsculas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;(may/men)ores&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-28T14:41:36.417" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T09:58:11.353" Title="¿Es correcto escribir &quot;min/mayúscula&quot; o &quot;men/mayores&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16917" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:56:30.207" Score="8" ViewCount="860" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo un trabajo que trata sobre los espacios de Sóbolev, debido a Serguéi Sóbolev, que en ruso se escribe Серге́й Льво́вич Со́болев.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es bastante simple, ¿Debo escribirlos con tildes o sin ellas? Es decir, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Debo escribir &quot;Espacio de Sóbolev&quot; o &quot;Espacio de Sobolev&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una simple búsqueda en google muestra que no hay un criterio uniforme para escribirlos. Por ejemplo, la Wikipedia (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espacio_de_S%C3%B3bolev&quot;&gt;Entrada en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;) los escribe con tildes, pero en otros ámbitos (incluso académicos) lo he visto escrito sin tildes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12809" LastEditorUserId="12809" LastEditDate="2016-05-28T15:07:48.840" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T15:09:22.127" Title="¿De qué manera debo escribir en un texto en castellano un nombre que proviene del ruso? (Tildes)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16916" CreationDate="2016-05-28T15:09:22.127" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE dice que sí, que deben acentuarse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Acentuación de palabras extranjeras&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6.2. Palabras extranjeras adaptadas&lt;/strong&gt;. Las palabras de origen extranjero ya incorporadas al español o adaptadas completamente a su&#xA;  pronunciación y escritura, incluidos los nombres propios, deben&#xA;  someterse a las reglas de acentuación de nuestro idioma: béisbol, del&#xA;  ingl. baseball; bidé, del fr. bidet; Milán, del it. Milano; Icíar, del&#xA;  eusk. Itziar. &lt;strong&gt;Las transcripciones de palabras procedentes de lenguas&#xA;  que utilizan alfabetos no latinos, incluidos los nombres propios, se&#xA;  consideran adaptaciones y deben seguir, por tanto, las reglas de&#xA;  acentuación: glásnost, Tolstói, Taiwán.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=OZrK0vx4MD66pYPK8X%7CAdwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=OZrK0vx4MD66pYPK8X%7CAdwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T15:09:22.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-28T15:46:35.007" Score="0" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;1001 Easy Spanish Phrases,&quot; it says that &quot;heartburn&quot; is &quot;agruras/acidez estomacal&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it has been said that the way to a man's heart is through his stomach, is it really so that heartburn and acid stomach are the same thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T12:14:48.823" Title="(Why) Are Heartburn and Acid Stomach considered the same thing?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="19" ClosedDate="2016-06-02T06:20:02.033" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16915" CreationDate="2016-05-28T15:55:46.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es muy interesante desde varios puntos de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, la verdad es que no recuerdo haber visto nunca en español poner &lt;em&gt;min/mayúsculas&lt;/em&gt; o algo parecido, con el sentido de opción que da &lt;em&gt;hermanos/as&lt;/em&gt; pero al principio de palabra. Sin embargo, si lo buscas en Google parece que a alguien se le había ocurrido ya. Yo habría puesto &lt;em&gt;min/mays&lt;/em&gt; para aún más brevedad, y para aprovechar las abreviaturas correctas de los dos términos. No encuentro nada en la RAE al respecto, pero curiosamente también yo estoy ahora mismo usando un móvil, así que me resulta complicado acceder a todo el contenido de su web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En segundo lugar, está la cuestión de la falta de una palabra como el &lt;em&gt;case&lt;/em&gt; inglés para definir si la letra está en mayúscula o minúscula. He visto que un sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;letra mayúscula&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;letra capital&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, y con el permiso de los economistas, se podría decir que una letra está capitalizada cuando está en mayúscula, y por tanto se podría hablar de capitalizar y capitalización. Conclusión: podrías decirle a tu amigo que respete la capitalización de las letras. Como bonus, &lt;em&gt;capitalizar&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;convertir en capital&lt;/em&gt;, lo que se puede aplicar a las letras capitales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntada a la RAE sobre el tema de &lt;em&gt;case sensitive&lt;/em&gt;, me responden con el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Case sensitive&lt;/em&gt; podría traducirse por &lt;em&gt;sensible a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;discrimina mayús./minús.&lt;/em&gt;, si quiere abreviar los términos. A la inversa, &lt;em&gt;case insensitive&lt;/em&gt; tendría como equivalencia &lt;em&gt;ignora mayús./minús.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción relativa al ámbito de la impresión, y aparece en las expresiones &lt;em&gt;caja alta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caja baja&lt;/em&gt;, que, respectivamente, hacen referencia a las mayúsculas y las minúsculas. No obstante, la traducción &lt;em&gt;sensible a caja&lt;/em&gt; no resulta transparente y apenas se documenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No responde a la pregunta de si es correcta tu opción, pero da otra opción que también abrevia y está avalada por ellos. No me han dicho nada sobre la idea de &lt;em&gt;capitalización&lt;/em&gt;, así que supongo que no valdrá. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dxYOPn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mencionada por la RAE debe de ser esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;23&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Impr.&lt;/em&gt; Cajón con varias separaciones o cajetines, en cada uno de los cuales se ponen los caracteres que representan una misma letra&#xA;  o signo tipográfico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T09:58:11.353" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T09:58:11.353" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16901" CreationDate="2016-05-28T20:50:49.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe there is another reason for inaccurate translations: the harshest curse words are heavily localized, and there's usually a single translation for all of Latin America (2 at most). I would personally translate &quot;God dammit&quot; as &quot;la concha de la lora&quot; in Argentina, but it would sound strange in other countries.&#xA;Therefore, lighter versions are used for &quot;neutral&quot; Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T20:50:49.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16927" CreationDate="2016-05-29T15:25:23.863" Score="3" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;At present, I'm developing a mobile app called Left with the slogan &quot;When things don't go right, go Left.&quot; At the same time, I'm translating the interface into Spanish from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure as to whether I ought to translate the word Left in the slogan as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas no van bien, ir (a la?) izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This may be more grammatically correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas no van bien, vaya a la izquierda.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, I could do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas no van bien, ir Left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks though like the second one would make less (if any) grammatical sense. What would be the best practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12811" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-29T20:16:05.877" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T21:13:46.223" Title="How can we convert an opposite word which is also a noun?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16922" CreationDate="2016-05-29T16:45:34.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO: I wouldn't translate the slogan - it is very difficult (if possible at all) to make a translation that both makes sense and keeps the name of the app.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Besides, many companies keep their slogans or the name of their products in English (like Avis: &quot;&lt;em&gt;We try harder&lt;/em&gt;, Burger King: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Whopper&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, McDonalds &quot;&lt;em&gt;BigMac&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T16:45:34.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16924" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16925" CreationDate="2016-05-29T16:55:17.193" Score="2" ViewCount="3288" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish with the Michel Thomas Method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la cena está preparada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dinner is prepared&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the &lt;code&gt;ada&lt;/code&gt; ending in &lt;code&gt;preparada&lt;/code&gt; mean?&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Preparada&lt;/code&gt; comes from &lt;code&gt;preparar&lt;/code&gt; but I'm not sure why they have used &lt;code&gt;ada&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-29T20:15:35.173" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T02:25:35.713" Title="What does the -ada ending mean?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16924" CreationDate="2016-05-29T17:04:07.407" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;preparar&lt;/em&gt; has the past participle &lt;em&gt;preparado(a)&lt;/em&gt;. The choice of &lt;em&gt;-ada&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-ado&lt;/em&gt; will depend on what the noun is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cena está prepar&lt;strong&gt;ada&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt; is feminine, so it must agree with the ending &lt;em&gt;-ada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El cerdo está prepar&lt;strong&gt;ado&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;em&gt;cerdo&lt;/em&gt; is masculine, so it must agree with the ending &lt;em&gt;-ado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T17:04:07.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16922" CreationDate="2016-05-29T21:13:46.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there is a way to adapt the pun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas no salen a derechas, prueba a izquierdas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may seem a bit forced, but so is the original. Of course, we can try several variations on the theme until we get the right (wink) sentence in Spanish. Maybe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando las cosas no salen al derecho, prueba al izquierdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salir a derechas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;al derecho&lt;/em&gt; means to be carried out &lt;em&gt;con acierto, con destreza, con justicia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I'm sorry, I didn't see Rafael's comment before posting my answer, it's basically the same approach but with a slight variation. My fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T21:13:46.223" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16915" CreationDate="2016-05-29T21:29:30.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia de la lengua &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bYvzHZDvGD6fr29gvU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dice lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;\1. Barra (/). La barra propiamente dicha consiste en una línea diagonal que se traza de arriba abajo y de derecha a izquierda. Se usa&#xA;  en los casos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Colocada entre dos palabras, o entre una palabra y un morfema,&#xA;  indica la existencia de dos o más opciones posibles. En este caso&#xA;  tampoco se escribe entre espacios y puede sustituirse por paréntesis&#xA;  (→ paréntesis, 2c): El/los día/s pasado/s; Querido/a amigo/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí deduzco que se podría usar con las palabras enteras minúsculas/mayúsculas pero no con la separación que se propone por no ser las palabras separables en morfemas del siguiente modo: min-úsculas y may-úsculas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-05-30T09:52:12.727" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T09:52:12.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16931" CreationDate="2016-05-30T00:19:00.097" Score="3" ViewCount="1234" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of &quot;I am double-jointed in the elbows.&quot; (Writing a detailed description of self in my assignment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked it up online and composed &quot;Soy con articulaciones dobles en mi codos&quot; from online Spanish trans. sources, but I don't know if that's accurate, or if that's how a native/someone well versed would say it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9507" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T03:07:13.560" Title="How to say &quot;double-jointed&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16929" CreationDate="2016-05-30T03:07:13.560" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several different ways to express double-jointedness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy &lt;strong&gt;hiperlaxo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Use if you want to keep parallel structure with other adjectives.  Not in the DRAE, but has a good usage online.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;articulaciones dobles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;A colloquial form, obviously related to the English (though who borrowed/calqued from whom, I'm not sure).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;hiperlaxitud articular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;A slightly more technical sounding one, but perfectly usable.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the latter two are the &lt;em&gt;names&lt;/em&gt; of the condition, so you need to use them with &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;.  The first one is an adjective that can be used with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.  To say &lt;em&gt;double-jointed&lt;/em&gt; as a modifier to a noun, you can either use &lt;em&gt;hiperlaxo&lt;/em&gt; directly (&lt;em&gt;tengo codos hiperlaxos&lt;/em&gt;) or use the latter two prefaced with &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;tengo codos con hiperlaxitud articular / articulaciones dobles&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T03:07:13.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16933" CreationDate="2016-05-30T11:38:23.503" Score="6" ViewCount="837" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vi &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Pablo_Iglesias_/status/734690771123773440&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un tweet&lt;/a&gt; en el que se menciona el glosario de un libro, donde se explica el significado de palabras usadas coloquialmente en Madrid, España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yendo palabra por palabra, veo que unas cuantas tienen su origen en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_cal%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;idioma caló&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;chorar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;camelar&lt;/em&gt;, creo que también &lt;em&gt;julái&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Después he ido recordando que el castellano de España tiene bastantes más palabras con este origen: &lt;em&gt;chaval&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chungo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;churumbel&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pirarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En vista de esta gran cantidad de palabras de pura jerga, me pregunto: ¿son estos términos conocidos solamente en España o han sido también adaptados en las variantes del castellano habladas en América del Sur y Central?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T09:25:12.217" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:25:12.217" Title="Las palabras provenientes del caló, ¿están únicamente presentes en el castellano de España?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;caló&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16932" CreationDate="2016-05-30T13:02:26.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considerando que los gitanos llegaron a la Península Ibérica en el siglo XV, y que la integración cultural no ocurre en tan poco espacio de tiempo, es lógico que el castellano de Sudamérica incluya muchas menos palabras de origen caló en comparación con la península.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-30T13:59:47.440" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T13:59:47.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16932" CreationDate="2016-05-30T13:52:55.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile usamos al menos estas tres palabras derivadas del caló: &lt;strong&gt;chamullar&lt;/strong&gt; (engañar, hablar mucho), &lt;strong&gt;chorear&lt;/strong&gt; (robar) y &lt;strong&gt;gil&lt;/strong&gt; (tonto). Las tres nos llegaron desde el lunfardo argentino, probablemente en letras de tangos. Me consta que son habituales en el habla coloquial chileno, y probabemente también lo sean todavía en Argentina. Y por otra parte la palabra &lt;strong&gt;chavo&lt;/strong&gt; (niño) es casi un ícono mexicano. Es decir, no habrá mucha variedad en Latinoamérica, pero sí hay un par de ejemplos bien relevantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T13:52:55.857" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16378" CreationDate="2016-05-30T14:25:55.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo claro lo que se pregunta; estas expresiones denotan anterioridad o posterioridad dependiendo del punto de vista. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla antes que se pusiera el sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indica que cuando se puso el sol ya habíamos acabado con la batalla. Es decir: la puesta del sol se produce posteriormente al final de la batalla. Y la construcción &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt; es la simétrica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla después de que se hubiera puesto el sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero se puso el sol y luego acabamos con la batalla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la corrección de las expresiones &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;antes que&lt;/em&gt;, depende de la zona. En España lo más habitual es &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;, pues aquí se usa &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; en todos los casos en que se usaría de no existir oración subordinada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;antes de que se pusiera el sol / antes de ponerse el sol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en otros países hispanohablantes lo habitual es no usar el &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. Esto llevó a que en España se criticara el supuesto error gramatical en el título de la película &lt;em&gt;Antes que anochezca&lt;/em&gt;, sobre la vida del poeta cubano Reinaldo Arenas, sin darse cuenta de que este título se había tomado de la autobiografía del poeta, quien utilizó en él la construcción habitual en Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T14:25:55.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16901" CreationDate="2016-05-30T14:40:02.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess translators try to be polite, or just don't find the appropriate swear word. In Spain we always have the oldest job in the world in our mouths, and usually we relate it to someone else's mother...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8959" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T14:40:02.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16937" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16938" CreationDate="2016-05-30T20:31:55.480" Score="8" ViewCount="2872" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading (gradually, a page at a time here and there) a Spanish-English dictionary (Webster's).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across what may be the strangest pair of words in the Spanish language. First, some background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, there are two words for nipples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Nipple&quot;, which both women as well as men have (English has no gender for words)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Teat&quot; (pronounced &quot;teet&quot;) for nipples on animals&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, though, get this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) For women, the word is &quot;pezón&quot; but the word is masculine (&quot;el pezón&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) For men, the word is &quot;tetilla&quot; but the word is feminine (&quot;la tetilla&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3) The nipple on a baby bottle is the same word as -- wait for it -- not the word for women's nipples, but the word for men's nipples!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What sort of twisted logic is that? The nipple on a baby's bottle is obviously a &quot;metaphor&quot; if you will, of their mother's nipple, not their father's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To paraphrase Thomas Paine, these are the words that try men's souls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T08:26:10.093" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T08:26:10.093" Title="Why is the word for a baby bottle's nipple the same word as that for a male's nipple?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16937" CreationDate="2016-05-30T22:01:24.943" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tricky subject, but there we go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;According to the DRAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZftTurp&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;teta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a synonym of either a woman's breast (also &lt;em&gt;mama&lt;/em&gt;) or a female animal's breast. By specification it also applies to the respective nipples, however, they have their own, more proper, word, &lt;em&gt;pezón&lt;/em&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;Side comment: this is new to me. I grew up hearing that teta was animal-only, and it was rude to use in almost every context&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZgCrsl5&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tetilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, in turn, is a diminutive of &lt;em&gt;teta&lt;/em&gt;, applied to the male's for obvious reasons. As the male mammary organ barely consists of anything but a nipple, it is very common to interchange the word with &lt;em&gt;pezón&lt;/em&gt;. If you decide to follow DRAE's authority, then Webster's is wrong with this one (&lt;em&gt;tetilla&lt;/em&gt; does not mean nipple). If you adhere to the idea that usage makes the rule, then Webster's is right, but anyway you get an explanation: both the bottle's and the man's &lt;em&gt;thing&lt;/em&gt; are compared to the whole woman's breast and thus use diminutive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another word for the bottle's nipple is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=94wXAP7%7C950JZAs&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chupete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;chupar&lt;/em&gt; -to suck-, not rude (at least in most of the Spanish-speaking world), however not completely universal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BTW, regardless of both DRAE's and Webster's omission, it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=pez%C3%B3n%20masculino&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&amp;amp;client=firefox-b&amp;amp;gfe_rd=cr&amp;amp;ei=3LdMV7isKIqCwASB6LWABw&quot;&gt;very common&lt;/a&gt; to hear &lt;em&gt;pezón&lt;/em&gt; for the man's nipple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T22:01:24.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16937" CreationDate="2016-05-30T22:34:27.497" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to complement and simplify Rafael's answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The word for the human nipple is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pezón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, regardless of the sex of the nipple's owner.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The word for the baby bottle's nipple is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tetina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;tetilla&lt;/em&gt;. See definition &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZgCwna2&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For animal's nipples, then you can use &lt;em&gt;teta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tetilla&lt;/em&gt; (for small animals like cats and dogs), or &lt;em&gt;ubre&lt;/em&gt; (for big animals like cows).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please bear in mind that all Spanish words have a gender, but it doesn't mean that they should be applied to people of the same sex as the gender of the word, as gender and sex are different concepts. Everyone has a face (&lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, a word of feminine gender), a neck (&lt;em&gt;cuello&lt;/em&gt;, masculine), and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T06:27:51.227" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T06:27:51.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16951" CreationDate="2016-05-31T04:17:20.840" Score="4" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find a fitting Spanish interjection to use for &quot;Can you believe this?&quot;, e.g. in the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you believe this? They left without paying!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that &quot;¡Vaya!&quot; (&quot;¡Vaya! Se fueron sin pagar.&quot;) could work, however I'm not sure if the sense of incredulity is transferred well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="32" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T07:42:01.233" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T16:30:53.837" Title="Interjection for &quot;Can you believe this?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16940" CreationDate="2016-05-31T06:41:04.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te lo puedes creer? ¡Se han ido sin pagar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is probably the most literal translation that does not sound funny for us (at least in Spain). Nevertheless, it probably is a sentence in Spanish that I could read in a book or hear in a movie that has been translated from English. If I were to say something similar, I would say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¿Pues no se han ido los tíos sin pagar?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence includes both the disbelief and the fact, but is quite adapted to my local way of speaking and is probably quite difficult to analise for the English speakers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T06:41:04.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16937" CreationDate="2016-05-31T07:30:37.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teta&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.) Breast (located normally on the chest).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pezón&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;.) Nipple (part of the breast, milk exit).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ubre&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.) Udder (breast of some animals, located normally in the lower part of the body).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tetilla&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.) Each of the &quot;nipples&quot; in udders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tetina&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;.) Teat (nipple of the baby bottle).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is geographically widespread, so you will find many local variations..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T07:30:37.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16378" CreationDate="2016-05-31T08:47:36.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque es cierto que la respuesta depende del punto de vista, la descripción del sistema gramatical de una lengua tiene un importante componente convencional que suele eliminar el problema del punto de vista. En este caso, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMfaylmZyYPbYkvg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NGLE&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;) es categórica (énfasis añadido):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como las nociones de 'anterioridad' y 'posterioridad' son relacionales, es importante precisar en qué sentido se emplean. Nótese que la acción expresada por el predicado principal (&lt;em&gt;nos iremos&lt;/em&gt;) es posterior a la que expresa &lt;em&gt;cuando llegues&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;Cuando llegues, nos iremos&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, la paráfrasis que admite esta última oración es &lt;em&gt;después de que llegue&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;antes de que llegues&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Se entenderá aquí de forma convencional que se obtiene la interpretación de posterioridad cuando se admiten paráfrasis de posterioridad ('después, una vez que'), no cuando el punto temporal designado sea posterior a otro&lt;/strong&gt;. Ciertamente, el punto designado por &lt;em&gt;cuando llegues&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;Cuando llegues, nos iremos&lt;/em&gt; es anterior a la acción de irse. De manera análoga, en &lt;em&gt;Cuando recorrió diez kilómetros, se detuvo&lt;/em&gt;, se dice que la acción de detenerse tiene lugar después de realizado cierto recorrido, por lo que se obtiene también la interpretación de posterioridad (en el sentido que se ha dado a esta noción) en la oración de &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;. Es lógico que la permutación de los sucesos altere el orden en el que tienen lugar: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando se mareó, se cayó (el mareo precede a la caída) ~ Cuando se cayó, se mareó (la caída precede al mareo); &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando oyó la música, salió a la calle ~ Cuando salió a la calle, oyó la música, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE explicita que &quot;después (de que)&quot; y &quot;una vez que&quot; indican &lt;strong&gt;posterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;, con lo que &quot;antes (de que)&quot; debe indicar &lt;strong&gt;anterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;. Es verdad que esto es relativo, pero lo que se suele tomar como referencia es la acción de la principal, no de la subordinada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en tu caso la acción de acabar la batalla en el primer caso ocurre &lt;strong&gt;antes&lt;/strong&gt; de que se ponga el sol, &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt; indica &lt;strong&gt;anterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;. Como en el segundo caso la acción de acabar la batalla ocurre &lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt; de que se ponga el sol, &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt; indica &lt;strong&gt;posterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T07:57:02.667" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T07:57:02.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2167" CreationDate="2016-05-31T09:43:26.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are few words in Spanish that end with &quot;J&quot;, and some of them are derivations of foreign origin: reloj (Greek &quot;ωρολογιον&quot;), boj (Catalan &quot;boix&quot;), carcaj (Greek &quot;καρκάσιον&quot;). There are other rarely used examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing you should keep in mind: the pronunciation of the letter &quot;J&quot; has changed through the passage of time. These are the phonetic representations of &quot;J&quot; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;medieval Spanish =&gt; /ž/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;during XV century =&gt; /š/ &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from XVI - XVIII century =&gt; /x/ (south) /š/ (rest of the Iberian peninsula)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;since XIX century =&gt; /x/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are also regional differences and it isn't uncommon to find places where it sounds like an aspirated &quot;h&quot; or /h/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the word &quot;reloj&quot; was originally &quot;reloje&quot; or &quot;reloxe&quot;, but later the &quot;e&quot; was dropped and the words &quot;reloj&quot; or &quot;relox&quot; appeared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of two words that still coexist is the name &quot;Jimena&quot;, that is often found as &quot;Ximena&quot;, towns like &quot;Xixona&quot; or &quot;Jijona&quot; (the first in Valencian), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T13:39:45.600" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T13:39:45.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16918" CreationDate="2016-05-31T09:47:45.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, they both are just your stomach acids that go too acid. Yes, you call both of them &lt;em&gt;Acidez&lt;/em&gt;, but in English they are also synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12826" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T12:14:48.823" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T12:14:48.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12631" CreationDate="2016-05-31T11:35:18.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm 99% sure that it's not any sort of &quot;guanche&quot; surname, reason is guanche population didn't use surnames. But it's hard to fight nationalistic inventions without any base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since there are a vast population in france surnamed Baute, it may not be unusual that they reached the Canaries at any point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T11:35:18.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16940" CreationDate="2016-05-31T13:48:07.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;@CarlosAlejo answer is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add to his response that instead of saying ¿Te lo puedes creer? at the beginning, do it at last, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se han ido sin pagar! ¿Te lo puedes creer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess this is more of a matter of preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, here is another option that could be more regional (in my case, from Puerto Rico):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se fueron sin pagar! ¿Puedes creer semejante cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or less literal translation, but still carry the same message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se fueron sin pagar! ¡Qué sinvergüenza!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se fueron sin pagar! ¡Qué desfachatez!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T13:58:10.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16949" CreationDate="2016-05-31T14:42:49.927" Score="6" ViewCount="249877" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis amigos colombianos con frecuencia dicen la palabra &lt;strong&gt;juicioso&lt;/strong&gt; para definir el comportamiento de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/em&gt; (ya no disponible vía web) lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;juicioso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Obediente. Que se acoge a las reglas y normas sin chistar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a mí me da la sensación de que a veces también se utiliza más generalmente para indicar que alguien tiene una buena actitud en relación al trabajo o los estudios, o incluso para decir &quot;ocupado&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Cómo has estado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Muy bien, &lt;strong&gt;juicioso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿cuál es el significado más o menos exacto de esta palabra en Colombia? Además, ¿se usa en otros países de la región? Porque en España no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T07:10:24.837" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T19:49:37.953" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;juicioso&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16948" CreationDate="2016-05-31T14:49:30.023" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, cuando usamos la palabra juicioso, estamos queriendo decir, en el contexto de tu pregunta, que la persona en cuestión ha sido, es, o será educada, aprehensiva, correcta, que no se involucra en problemas, en cosas peligrosas, en pocas palabras: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[persona] Que muestra buen juicio, prudencia y madurez en sus actos y decisiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente, a modo de despedida, la misma frase se usa para hacer entender al interlocutor que el locutor quiere que sea de ese modo, o se porte de ese modo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Hasta luego, hablamos mañana, &lt;em&gt;juicioso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12830" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T07:11:31.137" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T07:11:31.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16940" CreationDate="2016-05-31T15:20:48.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &quot;¡vaya!&quot; is not the better option here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vaya&quot; express surprise but &quot;¿te lo puedes creer?&quot; adds a moral judgement about the action that causes the surprise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me sounds more natural &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te puedes creer que se fueron sin pagar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T15:20:48.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16940" CreationDate="2016-05-31T15:34:57.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, i don't know if in Spain, but, in  Colombia we use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se fueron sin pagar, ¿puedes creerlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes creerlo? ¡Se fueron sin pagar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you don't need some interjection, only translate literal and sounds good and grammatically is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you want user an interjection with &lt;code&gt;that&lt;/code&gt;is enough:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes creer que se fueron sin pagar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, a very important advice, in Spanish you don't need  to put the user explicitly in tenses: you can say something without the personal pronoun I, YOU, ..., etc., and everyone will understand you if you conjugate the verb properly, so, you don't need use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te lo puedes creer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes creer -lo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thin kind of sentences have a noun, pasive tenses, i can't remember good, but, using this you change &lt;code&gt;te lo&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;verb + lo&lt;/code&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12830" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-05-31T16:30:53.837" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T16:30:53.837" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16948" CreationDate="2016-05-31T17:38:15.770" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La defición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MbaSLVJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;juicioso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que procede con cordura o sensatez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juicioso es la persona que posee buen juicio, que de nuevo la RAE define como cordura o sensatez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12834" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T07:12:05.693" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T07:12:05.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1814" CreationDate="2016-05-31T17:43:14.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The etymology comes from the Latin prefix &quot;re&quot;, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/re-#Prefix_9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word in Spanish is also &quot;reencontrar&quot;, which is clearer on the origin, (rencontrar is an evolution coming from the use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12834" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-05-21T13:35:48.353" LastActivityDate="2019-05-21T13:35:48.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16901" CreationDate="2016-06-01T09:54:30.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps to avoid excessive localization ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cursing in Spanish has huge differences from country to country. In the translation they use geographical neutral language, even if the meaning is somewhat milder than the original. It sounds better for the audience than a curse word from the other part of the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T10:11:20.627" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T10:11:20.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16956" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16975" CreationDate="2016-06-01T10:17:01.530" Score="4" ViewCount="8153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I hear some person from Argentina, it is quite common to hear him or her say a sentence containing &lt;strong&gt;boludo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¡Qué boludo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Eres un boludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- No digas boludeces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that &lt;em&gt;boludo&lt;/em&gt; is a way to curse and call somebody an &lt;em&gt;idiot&lt;/em&gt;. However, what would be the complete meaning of it? Is it a word to use just among friends? Is it used in other countries throughout South America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what is its origin? There seem to be a wide range of explanations for its usage (source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?boludo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile on &lt;em&gt;boludo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T20:08:06.850" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T13:17:49.483" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;boludo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16957" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16958" CreationDate="2016-06-01T14:09:14.473" Score="3" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;My lab performs a set of experiments that utilize a particular biological technique called ChIP-seq. I am trying to translate the following phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use the data produced by the ChIP-seq experiments for...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm hung up on how to naturally translate &quot;ChIP-seq experiments&quot;. ChIP-seq is a noun but functions perfectly fine as an adjective in this context in English. Does the same work in Spanish, perhaps with &quot;de&quot; inserted? (I have determined that ChIP-seq is often written as ChipSeq):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos los datos producidos por los experimentos de ChipSeq para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos los datos producidos por los experimentos de tipo ChipSeq&#xA;  para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be better to drop &quot;los experimentos&quot;? Or to clarify that the experiments utilize ChIP-seq? The following make sense in English but sound a little more awkward to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use the data produced by ChIP-seq... / Utilizamos los datos&#xA;  producidos por ChipSeq...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use the data produced by experiments using ChIP-seq... / Usamos&#xA;  los datos producidos por los experimentos que utilizan ChipSeq para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would a Spanish-speaking biologist use any of these phrasings in this sort of situation? Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12840" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T15:18:51.973" Title="Use a scientific technique name as an adjective?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16957" CreationDate="2016-06-01T14:47:03.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a biologist, but I am quite into the science world. I have searched the term and have seen that in Spanish you can say &lt;em&gt;secuenciación ChIP&lt;/em&gt;, or just use the term &lt;em&gt;ChIP-seq&lt;/em&gt; as an adjective or noun. So all of these sound natural to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos los datos producidos por los experimentos ChIP-seq para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos los datos producidos por los experimentos de ChIP-seq para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos los datos producidos por los experimentos de secuenciación ChIP para...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tip, if you search the following in Google (including the quotes), you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;experimentos ChIP-seq&quot;: 47 results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;experimentos de ChIP-seq&quot;: 516 results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;experimentos de secuenciación ChIP&quot;: 0 results. Funny, sounded natural to me but it seems that nobody uses it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search &quot;experimentos ChipSeq&quot;, no results are found. So, it seems that your first option was right, but you'd better use &lt;strong&gt;ChIP-seq&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;ChipSeq&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About dropping &lt;em&gt;los experimentos&lt;/em&gt;, I'm not sure about that, I would leave it in the sentence, but as I said, I'm not a biologist, so another opinion will be welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T14:47:03.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16957" CreationDate="2016-06-01T15:02:31.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The concept &lt;strong&gt;Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing&lt;/strong&gt; seems to play its main role as a noun. I think an accurate word-by-word translation may be &lt;strong&gt;Secuenciamiento por inmunoprecipitación de cromatina&lt;/strong&gt; (where &lt;em&gt;secuenciamiento&lt;/em&gt;, a noun, is the main word to which the rest is modifying). Of course, I am not saying that this is the proper way to translate it (which, BTW is not part of the question): I am just doing this for the sake of grammatical analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that 1) you decided to keep ChIP-seq as part of your nomenclature and 2) the concept is a noun, and since it is not quite standard to adjectivize noun abbreviations in Spanish, I think the safest way to go is &lt;strong&gt;experimentos de ChIP-seq&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anglicisms -and neologisms in general- always generate opposing opinions on whether they should be accompanied by an article when appliable (i.e., &lt;em&gt;datos producidos por ChIP-seq&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;datos producidos por EL ChIP-seq&lt;/em&gt;): by joining it to &lt;em&gt;experiments&lt;/em&gt; you avoid this controversial issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A note on why I think the usage of article in neologisms is not settled and may cause controversy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Years after its massification, you can still find opposing opinions about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;usage of &lt;em&gt;internet&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Funny enough, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WP article&lt;/a&gt; on the subject starts ackoledging both &lt;em&gt;el internet&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;la internet&lt;/em&gt; (with artcile), yet in the body you can find &lt;em&gt;internet&lt;/em&gt; (alone, without article) where the article should be used to be consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the RAE is not consistent about this: while its &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LvskgUG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt; accepts both upper and lowercase (placing &lt;em&gt;uppercase&lt;/em&gt; as an &lt;em&gt;additional&lt;/em&gt;, secondary option and not making any mention of article usage) AND both masculine and feminine (seemingly with the same hierarchy), the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;, also an official, primary source, rules that it is to be written preferably in uppercase and without article, yet allowing the opposite (lowercase w/ &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt; article).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T15:18:51.973" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T15:18:51.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16956" CreationDate="2016-06-01T22:42:21.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina we use it with two meanings, as a way to curse as you perfectly explained and as a way to call a close friend instead of by the name and this can be just to tell/talk about anything and also sometimes as a way to say that he is a idiot but in a harmful way.&#xA;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boludo aprende a manejar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boludo viste el nuevo trailer de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sos un boludo era mas fácil si lo hacías así...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T22:42:21.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-02T00:41:14.363" Score="0" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this phrase grammatically correct? I'm not sure if I have the masculine/feminine articles correct. Can I say it like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su cama es menos larga que mi cama, pero, su armario es más largo que&#xA;  mi armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12517" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:29:42.477" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:30:18.573" Title="Is the phrasing of &quot;Su cama es menos larga que mi cama, pero, su armario es más largo que mi armario&quot; OK?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-06-02T09:35:07.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16962" CreationDate="2016-06-02T01:06:08.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase is right, but is hard to find somebody using it that way in regular conversation. Please consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su cama es más chica que la mía, pero su armario es más grande que el&#xA;  mío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Armario&lt;/em&gt; is rather rare in Latin America. Consider &lt;em&gt;clóset&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ropero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12845" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:30:18.573" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:30:18.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12225" CreationDate="2016-06-02T07:45:07.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible synonyms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acometer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cumplimentar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;efectuar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ejecutar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;realizar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;elaborar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but &quot;llevar a cabo&quot; sounds perfect for me ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T07:45:07.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16962" CreationDate="2016-06-02T08:10:12.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated, the sentence is correct but sounds a bit odd to native speakers.  I would suggest the use of possessive pronouns as follows, and changing some words as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su cama es más corta que la mía, pero su armario es más grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(that is for Castilian Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12834" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T08:30:06.620" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:30:06.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2016-06-02T08:16:03.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few other expressions that can be said in this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy atontado/a&lt;/strong&gt;, me he dejado las llaves dentro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy agilipollado/a&lt;/strong&gt;, he perdido el vuelo. &lt;em&gt;(A bit coarse this one.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Qué estupido soy&lt;/strong&gt;, otra vez me han timado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12834" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T11:36:43.467" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T11:36:43.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3304" CreationDate="2016-06-02T10:38:58.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt; finds any simple tense of any verb. Example: you write &lt;em&gt;durmiéramos&lt;/em&gt; as the word to find, and it redirects you to the definition of &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;. From there you can click on the &lt;strong&gt;Conjugar&lt;/strong&gt; button and you have every conjugation of that verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this does not work if you write complex forms such as &lt;em&gt;hubiéramos dormido&lt;/em&gt;. Instead, search for &lt;em&gt;hubiéramos&lt;/em&gt; and you have the definition of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; and access to its conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T10:38:58.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16968" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-02T12:00:58.737" Score="0" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you convey the sentiment &quot;not safe for work&quot; in Spanish, and is there an acronym for the phrase (like 'nsfw')?  I'm looking for a word, phrase or acronym that communicates any of the spirit of that phrase in English, be it the playfully impish tone, or the HR manager one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update&lt;/em&gt;: I'm not really sure where to begin researching this -- I welcome suggestions on where to look for equivalent internet slang translations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1910" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T19:36:07.127" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T20:52:49.313" Title="How do you convey the sentiment &quot;not safe for work&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-03T06:42:34.827" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12887" CreationDate="2016-06-02T12:40:30.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;braille&lt;/em&gt; is in the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=62OaE2Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;braille&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De L. Braille, 1809-1852, inventor francés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sistema de escritura para ciegos que consiste en signos dibujados en relieve para poder leer con los dedos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that as the word appears in the dictionary and has been adapted as a masculine noun, the option chosen by the asker (&lt;em&gt;el braille&lt;/em&gt; and its pronunciation) is the right one, despite the &quot;that can't be right&quot; feeling, as it is read according to the rules of the Spanish language. A completely different thing is how to pronounce the name of the inventor of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I also have the mentioned feeling, I'd rather say &lt;em&gt;braile&lt;/em&gt;, but...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T12:46:37.217" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T12:46:37.217" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16968" CreationDate="2016-06-02T14:23:58.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what's about exactly for &lt;code&gt;Not suitable for work&lt;/code&gt;, but, in spanish, is common says &lt;code&gt;No es apto para trabajar&lt;/code&gt;, that's mean that context is no good for work, is insecure or something else, or &lt;code&gt;No está habilitado para trabajar&lt;/code&gt;, that means that context isn't enabled or hasn't the good contidions for work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Suitable&lt;/code&gt;, in spanish, have many means that we can consider as synonyms between, and the mainly mean is appropiate, so, we can think that this phrase can tranlaste as &lt;code&gt;No apropiado para trabar&lt;/code&gt;, or something phrases like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the sentence is a warning, i mean, have the intention of warn about something, you can use &lt;code&gt;No apto para trabajo, for example, for nudity&lt;/code&gt;No apto para ser visto, it depends to the verb, the common use is verb as noun, some like it, i forget this time tense name or use name.You can add some other tense for explain why you warn about these something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, in spanish, doesn't exist a acronym for this, but if you want consider, you could use &lt;code&gt;NAPT&lt;/code&gt;, in ther most of cases; but, i add here, in spanish use acronyms for this kind of sentences isn't common use and could be represent a problem in speak time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12830" LastEditorUserId="12830" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T17:38:37.703" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T17:38:37.703" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3304" CreationDate="2016-06-02T15:21:35.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there are several similar websites for Spanish verbs conjugation, I'll try to make a list (included those already mentioned in the answers):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/ESverbs.aspx?v=conjugar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wordreference.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.123teachme.com/spanish_verb_conjugation/conjugar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;123teachme.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onoma.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;onoma.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-espanol-verbo-conjugar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reverso.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conjugacion.es/del/verbo/conjugar.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugacion.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T15:21:35.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16973" CreationDate="2016-06-02T18:28:42.610" Score="4" ViewCount="2872" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué el &lt;code&gt;Gerundio&lt;/code&gt; del verbo ir, es el único que se escribe con &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iré&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿yendo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T19:35:15.273" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T19:35:15.273" Title="¿Por qué &quot;Y&quot; en el verbo &quot;ir&quot; para &quot;YENDO&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16972" CreationDate="2016-06-02T18:38:13.033" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una regla de ortografía. No se puede comenzar una palabra con una vocal débil que forma parte de un diptongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las combinaciones con &lt;em&gt;i + vocal&lt;/em&gt;, se usa bien hache (&lt;em&gt;hi + vocal&lt;/em&gt;), bien ye (&lt;em&gt;y + vocal&lt;/em&gt;) según costumbre para cada palabra (y a veces se admiten ambas formas: &lt;em&gt;hierba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;yerba&lt;/em&gt;). Las combinaciones con &lt;em&gt;u + vocal&lt;/em&gt; solo se hacen con hache (&lt;em&gt;hu + vocal&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para otros ejemplos de verbos que hacen cosas parecidas, tenemos &lt;em&gt;oler&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;erguir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;errar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T19:34:41.863" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T19:34:41.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16968" CreationDate="2016-06-02T20:52:49.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;in my opinion this concept does not have a clear translation in Spanish, I have never heard of any relevant expression in Spain, however thinking about it I would propose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;contenido no apropiado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as non-literal translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12834" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T20:52:49.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16956" CreationDate="2016-06-03T00:13:53.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &amp;quot;boludo&amp;quot; is a idiomatic phrase of Argentina. The definition is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;person that make or say stupid things. It behaves like a stupid or&#xA;irresponsible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean several things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;asshole&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;stupid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a friendly way to refer to someone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful: Only use this with a friend because it might be offensive. In other countries use other word like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;huevón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;acere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pelotudo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12851" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T06:40:52.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16378" CreationDate="2016-06-03T00:40:34.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla antes que se pusiera el sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que la primera acción (la batalla) la terminaban antes de que ocurriera la segunda acción (la puesta del Sol). Quiere decir que &quot;&lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; refleja &lt;strong&gt;anterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabábamos con esta batalla después de que se hubiera puesto el Sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que la batalla la terminaban después de que hubiera ocurrido la puesta del sol, por tanto; la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; indica &lt;strong&gt;posterioridad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12851" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T06:41:13.667" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T06:41:13.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-03T02:46:05.160" Score="7" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it common practice throughout Venezuela for people to pronounce the letter H? I've seen news footage of people in Caracas saying &quot;tengo hambre&quot; as though it were spelled &quot;tengo jambre&quot;. Do they do this only with certain words? Or only in certain regions of the country? Or is it common in other parts of the Caribbean to pronounce &lt;em&gt;hambre&lt;/em&gt; with a non-silent H?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T06:55:49.900" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T04:15:42.990" Title="¿Los venezolanos pronuncian la letra H?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16979" CreationDate="2016-06-03T03:29:28.200" Score="4" ViewCount="62812" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa exactamente &quot;maluco&quot;? He oído muchas veces esta palabra en Colombia (Antioquia) pero no pude encontrarla en ningun diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es simplemente sinónimo con &quot;malo&quot; o qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T06:44:48.853" LastActivityDate="2021-01-18T23:54:37.547" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;maluco&quot; en el castellano colombiano?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16978" CreationDate="2016-06-03T06:54:06.390" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bogotálogo es el mejor lugar donde buscar estas definiciones : )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maluco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dícese de quien padece cierto tipo de malestar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De mal sabor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE también tiene una entrada, si bien menciona siempre Venezuela como el país donde se usa y con una definición algo alejada de la Colombiana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O52c9NY%7CO532Dhj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maluco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, ca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. malucho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ven. Dicho de una persona: Ingrata y malvada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ven. Dicho de un objeto: De poca calidad o eficacia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ven. Dicho de un alimento: De gusto desagradable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como estas definiciones son algo sucintas, veo algo más descriptivo lo dicho en la entrada de blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://porquenosisi.blogspot.com.es/2008/08/definicin-y-significados-de-maluco.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición y significados de &quot;Maluco&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maluco: adjetivo usado en la costa y el interior de Colombia (al menos&#xA;  no se lo he oído a más gente de por ahí) para señalar lo repugnante,&#xA;  repulsiva o asquerosa que puede ser una cosa, situación o persona.&#xA;  Bien, esa era la definición, ahora el significado en pocas o una sola&#xA;  palabra, es decir maluco = maluco ( ¡Ajá car'e verga!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También el Diccionario de americanismos lo define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=qfk7q8a1sx0AY9M0RDH%7C9ZktkhDSVx0A39MDiTa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maluco, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  adj. Ni, Co, Ve, Bo. Referido a cosa, desagradable a los sentidos del gusto o del olfato. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Co, Bo. Desagradable a la vista o al gusto estético. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;code&gt;II. 1.&lt;/code&gt; aplica a Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela y Bolivia y &lt;code&gt;II. 2&lt;/code&gt; a Colombia y Bolivia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, se utiliza en situaciones como (compañeros colombianos en el sitio -léase DGaleano y Joze-, corríjanme si no atino):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Esta situación está muy maluca: el presidente del gobierno es&#xA;  corrupto y la oposición también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ayer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/5255/1674&quot;&gt;rumbeé&lt;/a&gt; y hoy estoy muy maluco: el guayabo no me deja&#xA;  levantarme&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Ayer salí de fiesta y estoy muy malo: la resaca me está&#xA;  matando)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-28T16:38:01.320" LastActivityDate="2019-08-28T16:38:01.320" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16992" CreationDate="2016-06-03T08:36:35.517" Score="4" ViewCount="2045" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno está mirando la tele, con frecuencia se aburre y recurre al &lt;em&gt;zapping&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es, a ir pasando de un canal a otro para intentar encontrar contenidos más interesantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zapping es la palabra inglesa y veo que el DRAE ha aceptado &quot;zapear&quot; y &quot;zapeo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cN4njNd%7CcN8G1vz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zapear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Practicar el zapeo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cNHAID8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zapeo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adapt. del ingl. &lt;em&gt;zapping&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cambio reiterado de canal de televisión por medio del mando a distancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que fantástico. Pero así y todo me chirría tener que utilizar un anglicismo. ¿Hay alguna palabra española que signifique lo mismo? Se me ocurre &lt;em&gt;(h)ojear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;explorar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;navegar&lt;/em&gt; (más o menos, la traducción de &lt;em&gt;browse&lt;/em&gt;), pero ninguna de ellas me gusta del todo. ¿Se os ocurre alguna traducción más acertada o podemos dejarlo en &lt;em&gt;zapear&lt;/em&gt; sin más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T14:25:23.057" Title="¿&quot;Zapping&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16983" CreationDate="2016-06-03T08:40:37.773" Score="3" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo cuando era pequeño, hace muchos años, que hubo una época en la que nos dio por jugar al béisbol en unos jardines universitarios poco frecuentados por aquel entonces, por lo que no molestábamos (mucho). Cada vez que alguien le atinaba a la pelota demasiado fuerte y la enviaba a algún tejado de algún edificio cercano, decíamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hala, ya has embarcado la pelota!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, el uso de &lt;em&gt;embarcar&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;colocar algo en un lugar inalcanzable&quot; era (y sigue siendo) de lo más normal. Sin embargo, luego aprendí que dicho significado ni siquiera lo contempla la RAE. Por tanto, debe de ser un modismo muy localizado en la zona de Cádiz (España) y alrededores. El habla de esta zona está muy influenciada por el mar y los marineros, por lo que no es raro encontrar términos prestados por dicho oficio. A fin de cuentas, cuando un marinero se embarca y zarpa, queda fuera del alcance de los que se quedan en tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es ¿se entiende esta expresión en otras partes fuera de la zona del estrecho y alrededores? Con el auge de Internet, términos que en principio sólo pertenecen a una zona se pueden expandir más rápidamente. En caso negativo, ¿qué otros términos con el mismo significado figurado se usan en otras partes del mundo para la misma situación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T09:50:29.330" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T09:50:29.330" Title="Uso de &quot;embarcar&quot; como &quot;situarse algo fuera del alcance&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16981" CreationDate="2016-06-03T09:21:16.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, sí, se expande a otras regiones de España. Yo, por ejemplo, soy de la zona de Galicia y hemos utilizado innumerables veces (tanto mis amigos como yo) la frase &quot;has embarcado la pelota&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diría que es una expresión muy usada en todo el país pero habría que ver si en el resto de provincias es algo común o se considera una &quot;falta&quot;, tal y como lo considera la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12773" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T09:21:16.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16981" CreationDate="2016-06-03T09:26:32.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un artículo al respeto en el blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://unaracnidounacamiseta.com/2014/09/05/cuando-alcanzas-la-pelota-dices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://unaracnidounacamiseta.com/2014/09/05/cuando-alcanzas-la-pelota-dices/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en Cataluña usaba &lt;em&gt;colar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¡Se ha colado!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Embarcar (Ourense, A Coruña, Sevilla, Cádiz).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Botar la pelota (Barranquilla, en Colombia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encalar (Huesca y Castellón).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encolar (Palencia, al menos en el pueblo de Almostel).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Enmarcar (Pontevedra).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encanar (Murcia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encallar (en catalán).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Colgar (Barcelona).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Empeñar (Málaga).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Colar (Euskadi, Cáceres, Madrid).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encajar (León).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Volar la bola (Ciudad de México).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T09:37:27.350" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T09:37:27.350" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2016-06-03T09:47:36.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estas son las otras formas de decir lo mismo en otras regiones que se han mencionado en las otras respuestas y comentarios. ¡Edita e incluye la utilizada en tu país!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, se usa en todos los países la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reinventar la rueda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, por países:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Inventar la pólvora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Descubrir la sopa de ajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Inventar el agua tibia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Descubrir que el agua moja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inventar el agua tibia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descubrir el hilo negro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&#xA;Además, esta es la expresión en otros idiomas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inglés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reinvent the wheel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;reinventar la rueda&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;inventer le fil à couper le beurre&lt;/del&gt; réinventer la roue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;del&gt;descubrir el hilo de mantequilla&lt;/del&gt; reinventar la rueda&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="17935" LastEditDate="2018-03-08T12:39:27.853" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T12:39:27.853" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-03T09:47:36.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16985" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-03T11:21:22.490" Score="5" ViewCount="1781" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver este texto [«Habla español dónde quieras»] en el portal internético del Instituto Cervantes. Mi duda es la siguiente: ¿va el «donde» con acento ortográfico? Creo que funge como parte de una locución subordinada adverbial de lugar y me suena a que NO es tónico en este entorno («&lt;strong&gt;Ha&lt;/strong&gt;bla espa&lt;strong&gt;ñol&lt;/strong&gt; donde&lt;strong&gt;quie&lt;/strong&gt;ras»), por lo que, a mi entender, no debería tener tilde en «donde». ¿Qué creen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T04:47:20.273" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T04:47:20.273" Title="«Habla español donde quieras» o «Habla español dónde quieras»" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-06-03T11:40:00.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que alguna vez he usado la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YMEE1Oj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sondeo&lt;/a&gt; de canales&lt;/em&gt;, dado que el propósito del &lt;em&gt;zapeo&lt;/em&gt; es ver si echan algo interesante en algún canal. Por tanto, se pueden sondear los canales tal y como indica la acepción, para hacer las primeras averiguaciones sobre algo (lo que están echando), antes de decidir con qué te quedas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que me da que el &lt;em&gt;zapeo&lt;/em&gt; puede implicar una acción compulsiva además de reiterada, connotación de la cual carece un simple sondeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T11:40:00.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16985" CreationDate="2016-06-03T11:53:04.307" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin tilde, ya que no es un interrogativo indirecto, sino un pronombre relativo. Tu razonamiento sobre la tonicidad es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2016-06-03T19:09:43.030" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T19:09:43.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16985" CreationDate="2016-06-03T11:53:12.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como expresas en tu pregunta, la forma correcta en este caso sería &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt;, sin tilde, por los motivos que tú mismo comentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa, tras lo hablado en los comentarios, es que el texto provenga de un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=asqoMGb&quot;&gt;tuit&lt;/a&gt; escrito desde un móvil, y el autocorrector le haya jugado una mala pasada al &lt;em&gt;community manager&lt;/em&gt; de la cuenta del Instituto Cervantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T11:53:12.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16985" CreationDate="2016-06-03T12:10:26.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al analizar el enunciado que mencioné en mi mensaje inicial, es claro que «Habla español donde quieras» es una oración imperativa (o exhortativa) y que «donde quieras» es frase/locución/sintagma adverbial cuya función sintáctica es ser complemento circunstancial (de lugar) del verbo. Si se segmenta la oración en grupos fónicos, también notamos que en «donde quieras», «donde» es átono. Por lo tanto, a tono con lo que sugiere la Real Academia y luego de leer con detenimiento lo que se ha discutido en esta conversación, estoy convencido de que la voz «donde» en «Habla español donde quieras» no lleva acento ortográfico. Gracias a todas las personas que participaron en este pequeño “debate”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T12:10:26.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16977" CreationDate="2016-06-03T12:51:37.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, with the evolution of modern Spanish, the letter &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; isn’t usually pronounced anymore in most Spanish-speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La letra &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; dentro del castellano actual ya no se pronuncia — a excepción de los sitios, estoy especulando, donde la influencia árabe ha sido mayor que en otros lugares. ¿Por qué? Porque dentro del árabe tanto la letra &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; como la letra &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; tienen una pronunciación parecida a la del inglés y otros idiomas.  Es decir, la letra &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia como una &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; suave, mientras que la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, siendo equivalente en el alfabeto de los idiomas latinos, está claro que se pronunciaría como la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según leí en los comentarios, esto explica por qué algunas veces en Andalucía a veces se puede oír la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; pronunciada como si fuera la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo demás, en la evolución del castellano podremos encontrar la razón de por qué actualmente, tanto en Venezuela como en Colombia como en muchos países de habla hispana, la letra &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; ya no se pronuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12830" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T23:13:42.980" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T23:13:42.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12225" CreationDate="2016-06-03T12:51:41.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ideally, I wouldn't use the passive voice to achieve this, but the IRB-approved English version was written in passive voice. So, my hands are tied&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really don't think your hands are tied. Translation is not about exact word-by-word equivalencies or syntactical replicas of target texts.&#xA;I would simply not use the passive voice to translate “the study is being conducted by (person's name).” It would probably lead to clunky translations like «El estudio esta siendo llevado a cabo por.» I would use «El estudio lo está llevando a cabo...» o «El estudio lo está realizando [person's name].»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8819" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T12:51:41.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-06-03T13:13:30.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La práctica a la que se refiere la pregunta es tan antigua como la televisión misma incluso antes de que éstos aparatos tuvieran &quot;control remoto&quot; (o mando a distancia como lo llaman en otros lugares) y como dicha práctica se comenzó a usar antes de que el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;zapping&lt;/em&gt; nos llegara, la comenzamos a llamar &lt;strong&gt;&quot;saltar canales&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de querer utilizar nuestro querido idioma sin utilizar anglicismos, esta es una muy buena alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Llevo una hora &lt;strong&gt;saltando canales&lt;/strong&gt; y no encuentro nada interesante&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o alternativamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Llevo una hora &lt;strong&gt;saltando de canal en canal&lt;/strong&gt; y no encuentro nada interesante&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T01:45:57.057" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T01:45:57.057" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16995" CreationDate="2016-06-03T13:46:22.030" Score="6" ViewCount="1078" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;menudo&quot; tiene un sentido equivalente a &quot;what a&quot; en inglés. Por ejemplo, &quot;¡menudo partido!&quot; significa &quot;¡qué gran partido!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo la palabra &quot;menudo&quot; llegó a tener este significado, pues me parece que &quot;menudo&quot; normalmente significa &quot;pequeño&quot;, &quot;insignificante&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encontré una explicación en Google tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:09:05.393" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T17:28:56.230" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;menudo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16993" CreationDate="2016-06-03T21:52:11.040" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Menudo, -da&lt;/strong&gt; significa pequeño (-a). Proviene del latín, &lt;em&gt;minutus&lt;/em&gt;, que es al mismo tiempo un adjetivo y el participio del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dminuo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;minuo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;disminuir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;empequeñecer&lt;/em&gt;. En pocas palabras, etimológicamente &lt;em&gt;menudo&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;disminuido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encogido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso en sentido irónico para significar lo contrario (grande) es una forma de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2sRbtjU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antífrasis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Designación de personas o cosas con palabras que signifiquen lo contrario de lo que se debiera decir (DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este recurso es muy común en distintos países de habla hispana y también en otros idiomas. De hecho es uno de los mecanismos (aunque está lejos de ser el más común) de cambio léxico-semántico &amp;mdash;por los cuales una palabra puede cambiar de significado en el plazo de siglos&amp;mdash;. P.ej. la palabra &lt;em&gt;awful&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, que significa desagradable, a pesar de que &lt;em&gt;etimológicamente&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;awe&lt;/em&gt;+&lt;em&gt;ful&lt;/em&gt;) debiera significar &lt;em&gt;asombroso&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;que inspira respeto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2019-04-05T17:28:56.230" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T17:28:56.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-06-04T14:25:23.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia el término que usamos es &quot;Canalear&quot; derivado de la palabra canal de TV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12860" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T14:25:23.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16999" CreationDate="2016-06-04T14:41:05.187" Score="2" ViewCount="4012" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here's the context:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was once chatting with a Mexican amiga on FB and asked her if we could move to Skype instead (I often practice my Spanish with her on Skype calls). She had to say no because she was out for the weekend that moment but said we could do it on Monday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now here's the conversation:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mi micrófono ya no está roto...podemos hablar en Skype si quieres!&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Amiga:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ahora estoy en la calle y ando con mi mamá. Pero me da muchísimo gusto que ya tengas micrófono.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Me:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sólo te informaba amiga. No te preocupes. :)&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Amiga:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pero el lunes platicamos mucho va!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last sentence is where I am slightly confused. I get the gist of it but can't seem to wrap my head around the &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; at the end. What does it stand for here? I looked up the dictionary to see if &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt; has any idiomatic usage that fits this context but didn't find any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.:&lt;/strong&gt; When I asked her for an explanation, she said &lt;em&gt;Es como decir &quot;lo hacemos?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but that doesn't make much sense to my simple head. Wouldn't the sentence mean the same thing without the &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T15:20:48.173" Title="Unusual usage of &quot;va&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16998" CreationDate="2016-06-04T15:20:48.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is also used in Spain and, as far as I can tell by your example, the meaning implies some &quot;alright?&quot;, &quot;is it ok?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain it tends to be more used as &quot;come on&quot;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Va, hazme la cena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Hacemos tortilla hoy? —Va.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example it's more like &quot;ok&quot; or even &quot;ok, if we must&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T15:20:48.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17006" CreationDate="2016-06-04T15:53:54.963" Score="1" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como si se pudiera elegir en el amor. Cómo si no fuera un rayo que te&#xA;  parte los huesos y te deja estaqueado en la mitad del patio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence is easy to read. It should translate into something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As it one could choose in love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the second one has me thoroughly confused. My attempt is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How if not outside a ray/line that breaks your bones and leaves you&#xA;  stuck in the middle of the patio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, that makes zero sense! Is there anything idiomatic at play here, since I know every single word and yet can't translate the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:30:05.113" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T15:30:05.113" Title="How to translate &quot;Cómo si no fuera un rayo que te parte los huesos y te deja estaqueado en la mitad del patio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17010" CreationDate="2016-06-04T16:54:43.453" Score="3" ViewCount="2303" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el pequeño cuento &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ciudadseva.com/textos/cuentos/esp/borges/los_dos_reyes_y_los_dos_laberintos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;“Los dos reyes y los dos laberintos” de Jorge Luis Borges&lt;/a&gt; aparece la expresión &lt;em&gt;cifra del siglo&lt;/em&gt; aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo amarró encima de un camello veloz y lo llevó al desierto. Cabalgaron tres días, y le dijo: “¡Oh, &#xA;  rey del tiempo y substancia y &lt;strong&gt;cifra del siglo&lt;/strong&gt;!, en &#xA;  Babilonia me quisiste perder en un laberinto de &#xA;  bronce con muchas escaleras, puertas y muros; ahora &#xA;  el Poderoso ha tenido a bien que te muestre el mío, &#xA;  donde no hay escaleras que subir, ni puertas que &#xA;  forzar, ni fatigosas galerías que recorrer, ni muros &#xA;  que te veden el paso.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, queda claro que este uso de &lt;em&gt;cifra&lt;/em&gt; es más bien figurativo. Tiene el DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9BkLqAw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;cifra&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del b. lat. &lt;em&gt;cifra&lt;/em&gt;, este del ár. hisp. &lt;em&gt;ṣífr&lt;/em&gt;, y este del ár. clás. &lt;em&gt;ṣifr&lt;/em&gt; ‘vacío’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. número dígito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Signo con que se representa un número dígito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Escritura en que se usan signos, guarismos o letras convencionales, y que solo puede comprenderse conociendo la clave.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Enlace de dos o más letras, generalmente las iniciales de nombres y apellidos, que como abreviatura se emplea en sellos, marcas, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. abreviatura (‖ representación gráfica).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cantidad de dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Modo vulgar de escribir música por números.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Suma y compendio, emblema.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer se trata del último sentido de “sumo y compendio, emblema”: el gran rey de Babilonia es la persona más emblemática y arquetípica de aquella época, su dechado, su mejor ejemplar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna otra explicación aquí, o otro sentido?  ¿Puede ser algún juego de palabras, por muy culto que sea? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo pregunto porque &lt;em&gt;cifra&lt;/em&gt; tiene origen en la lengua árabe y su sentido original en ese idioma era “vacío”, y aquí es el rey árabe que dice todo esto en pleno desierto, lejano y vacío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T17:02:23.393" Title="¿Qué quiere decir Borges con su “cifra de siglo”?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17002" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-04T16:57:35.817" Score="1" ViewCount="666" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais explicar por favor por qué en la frase (1) se usa el indicativo (tenemos  un antecedente desconocido/irreal) y por qué la segunda frase va en subjuntivo (si sabemos que es Antonio)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) Es que hay que reconocerlo: el que &lt;strong&gt;nace&lt;/strong&gt; con gracia, nace con&#xA;  gracia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) Yo dejé que fuera Antonio el que &lt;strong&gt;decidiera&lt;/strong&gt;, porque estaba&#xA;  claro que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12864" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:51:07.643" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T02:54:50.547" Title="Uso del subjuntivo en oraciones relativas" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17002" CreationDate="2016-06-04T18:33:08.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El primer ejemplo es una afirmación. El indicativo es apropiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo caso se usa el subjuntivo imperfecto porque el verbo de la oración principal está en pasado y la acción en subjuntivo tiene lugar de forma simultánea o posterior a la acción de la oración principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:51:25.473" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T15:51:25.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17002" CreationDate="2016-06-04T19:25:39.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nota: esta es una respuesta a la segunda pregunta. Editaré la respuesta para incluir la primera pregunta en cuanto encuentre referencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En (2) lo importante no es la especificidad del antecedente, sino el que se haya usado un verbo de influencia (&quot;dejar&quot;), que induce el subjuntivo. Este no se limita al verbo inmediatamente subordinado, sino también a otros subordinados a este último (inducción mediata). La &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=puKRkokkRqYLmBmg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NGLE&lt;/a&gt; da un ejemplo muy similar al de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(25.12d) Se mencionó en esos apartados que los verbos &lt;em&gt;aceptar, admitir, conceder, garantizar&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares son compatibles con los dos modos. El proceso de inducción modal mediata descrito en el apartado anterior —es decir, el esquema sintáctico en que el subjuntivo se convierte a su vez en inductor modal— se obtiene también en estos casos, como en &lt;em&gt;Aceptó que Pelias pusiese las condiciones que quisiera&lt;/em&gt; (Reverte, Ulises). Así pues, el modo subjuntivo en &lt;em&gt;pusiese&lt;/em&gt; está inducido por el verbo &lt;em&gt;aceptar&lt;/em&gt;, pero es a la vez el inductor del subjuntivo en &lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, un verbo subordinado a otro que ya está en subjuntivo también suele ir en subjuntivo. En el segundo ejemplo, &quot;fuera&quot; va en subjuntivo porque los verbos de influencia inducen al subjuntivo, y &quot;decidiera&quot; va en subjuntivo porque está subordinado a &quot;fuera&quot;, que está en subjuntivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se compara el ejemplo de la NGLE con el de la pregunta, se ve un claro paralelismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aceptó&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que Pelias pusiese&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; las condiciones que quisiera&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo dejé&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que fuera&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Antonio el que decidiera&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: verbo principal inductor de subjuntivo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2: primer verbo subordinado afectado por la acción inductora de subjuntivo del verbo principal (1) mediante &lt;em&gt;inducción inmediata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3: segundo verbo subordinado afectado por la acción inductora de subjuntivo de otro verbo en subjuntivo (2) mediante &lt;em&gt;inducción mediata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se cambia el verbo inductor de subjuntivo (&quot;dejar&quot;) por uno no inductor (por ejemplo, &quot;ver&quot;), el primer verbo subordinado va en indicativo, por lo que a su vez no induce al subjuntivo del segundo verbo subordinado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo vi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que fue&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Antonio el que decidió&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: verbo principal no inductor de subjuntivo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2: primer verbo subordinado en indicativo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3: segundo verbo subordinado en indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T19:25:39.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-04T20:25:46.783" Score="3" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing an article about a style of play (soccer). I want to use &quot;&lt;em&gt;al estilo Messi&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as the title/header.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be a correct use? I know I can say &quot;&lt;em&gt;al estilo DE Messi&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;El estilo (de) Messi&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but that is less of an eye catcher it seems. Can I simply use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Al estilo Messi&lt;/em&gt;&quot; without putting any subject in front of that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:31:46.473" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T06:56:27.127" Title="When to use &quot;al estilo (de)&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17000" CreationDate="2016-06-04T20:43:44.070" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a nice example of how a misplaced accent mark can radically change the meaning of a sentence. The same sentence with proper punctuation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como si se pudiera elegir en el amor. &lt;strong&gt;Como&lt;/strong&gt; si no fuera un rayo que te parte los huesos y te deja estaqueado en la mitad del patio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As if one could choose in love. As if it weren't a lightning that breaks your bones and leaves you spiked in the middle of the patio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It&quot; refers back to &quot;love&quot;. &quot;Lightning&quot; is used metaphorically to symbolize the suddenness and violence with which love strikes. &quot;Fuera&quot; is the past subjunctive form of the verb &quot;ser&quot;, not the adverb &quot;fuera&quot;. &quot;Estaquear&quot; is a verb derived from &quot;estaca&quot; (spike), another metaphor to express (probably) &lt;s&gt;the feeling of frozennes or lightheadedness such shock usually involves, as if one were literally spiked into the ground. It could also refer to being staken in the heart, as you would do to kill a vampire.&lt;/s&gt; It's hard to tell, being the whole sentence a metaphor for love and its aftermath.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: I stand corrected. Apparently, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gn1s6Oq&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;estaquear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is in Argentina and Uruguay a form of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infochacu.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/pidieron-que-las-torturas-a-soldados-en-malvinas-se-declaren-crimenes-de-lesa-humanidad.jpg&quot;&gt;torture&lt;/a&gt; consisting in tying someone's limbs to four stakes. The metaphor here would be that love tortures you and then leaves you to lick your wounds, I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the author used &quot;patio&quot; depends on context. Certainly, being left spiked in the middle of a patio isn't any recognisable idiom. The book this quote comes from (&quot;Rayuela&quot;) has different settings (París, Buenos Aires, etc.) and goes back and forth from memories to the present, from descriptions to reflections and ramblings through the author's stream of consciousness. A big chunk of the book takes place in an inner patio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; in Buenos Aires where he spends some time with a friend and his friend's wife, and which their windows face. From what I recall, he falls in love in Paris, not in a patio; but when he writes this he is presumably sitting in his room watching the patio from his window, so it makes sense that this patio came to his mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book abounds with philosophical ideas, double entendres and &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porte%C3%B1o_(de_Buenos_Aires)&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;porteñisms&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/8310250/Jergas-populares-de-sudamerica.html&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;resve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;em&gt;revés&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentence), so it's hard to tell what Cortázar exactly means by pretty much every single word he uses!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: &quot;Patio&quot; is actually misleading here. What the author is talking about is an architectonic configuration consisting on several edifices belonging to the same building with their inner faces forming an interior space, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcorreo.com/vizcaya/prensa/noticias/200707/04/fotos/002D3VIZ001_1.jpg&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavozdigital.es/cadiz/prensa/noticias/201106/26/fotos/6640807.jpg&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.primeralinea.es/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/PatioMaravillas.jpg&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cadenadial.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/normas-de-convivencia-en-un-patio-de-vecinos.jpg&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T23:04:55.603" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T23:04:55.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17008" CreationDate="2016-06-05T10:49:27.490" Score="5" ViewCount="34839" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensaba, que la palabra &lt;code&gt;quien&lt;/code&gt; es usada siempre cuando hablamos de la gente, mientras que la palabra &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a otros objetos. Sin embargo, cuando escribo en el google la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la gente que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;recibo la recomendación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente que me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cuando busco:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente quien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obtengo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente quien dice que soy yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede explicarmelo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora no sé si la forma correcta es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sociedad es llena de la gente quien / que piensa que (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9276" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T15:28:30.440" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:35:51.333" Title="Uso de &quot;que&quot; y &quot;quien&quot; cuando hablamos de la gente" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17007" CreationDate="2016-06-05T12:57:28.053" Score="7" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Cláusulas especificativas vs explicativas&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; puede usarse tanto para objetos como para personas. El pronombre &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; solo se puede usar para personas, y alterna básicamente con dos construcciones: &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;el/la que&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;el/la cual&lt;/em&gt;). En el primer caso, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; es en la mayoría de los casos preferible, sobre todo en &lt;strong&gt;cláusulas adjetivas especificativas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Alberto es un chico &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; prometía mucho cuando iba a la Universidad, tenía talento.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Marsé, Juan (1966). &lt;em&gt;Últimas tardes con Teresa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;cláusulas explicativas&lt;/strong&gt;, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; es algo más común, aunque siempre es más seguro usar &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La capa-paloma parecía que había dado alas al chico, &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; se hizo más inquieto y diabólico desde que la poseyó.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Valera, Juan (1877). &lt;em&gt;El comendador Mendoza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este último caso, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; puede alternar con &lt;em&gt;el/la que&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;el/la cual&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La capa-paloma parecía que había dado alas al chico, &lt;strong&gt;el cual&lt;/strong&gt; se hizo más inquieto y diabólico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los relativos determinados (&lt;em&gt;quien, el/la cual, el/la que&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vcodigo=12642&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no pueden ser sujeto de una oración especificativa&lt;/a&gt;, por lo que las siguientes frases son incorrectas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Alberto es un chico &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; prometía mucho cuando iba a la Universidad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *Alberto es un chico &lt;strong&gt;el que&lt;/strong&gt; prometía mucho cuando iba a la Universidad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *Alberto es un chico &lt;strong&gt;el cual&lt;/strong&gt; prometía mucho cuando iba a la Universidad.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí pueden ser sujeto de una oración explicativa, por lo que &quot;La capa-paloma parecía que había dado alas al chico, &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; se hizo más inquieto...&quot; y &quot;La capa-paloma parecía que había dado alas al chico, &lt;strong&gt;el cual&lt;/strong&gt; se hizo más inquieto...&quot; son correctas y naturales (nótese la coma después de &quot;chico&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los relativos no determinados (&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;), por el contrario, pueden ser sujeto de ambos tipos de cláusulas. Si se sustituyen las oraciones anteriores con el relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, estas siguen siendo correctas y naturales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La capa-paloma parecía que había dado alas al chico, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; se hizo más inquieto y diabólico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, &quot;La sociedad está llena de gente quien...&quot; no solo suena poco natural, sino que es incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Otros casos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no hay antecedente expreso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una diferencia clave en el uso de &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; es la presencia del antecedente. Todos los relativos tienen &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=yMHcHNHFgHjidmds&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;por definición&lt;/a&gt; un antecedente, lo cual no significa que este deba aparecer de forma expresa. Cuando el antecedente no aparece explícitamente, se habla de &quot;relativos con antecedente tácito&quot;. En estos casos, el relativo es su propio antecedente: son los relativos &lt;em&gt;quien, cuando, como&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Son [las mujeres] en sus antojos tan singulares, que no hay &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; las entienda ni &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; pueda seguirles el vuelo.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mateo Luján de Saavedra (Juan Martí) (1602). &lt;em&gt;Segunda parte de la vida del pícaro Guzmán de Alfarache.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase anterior, &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; hace tanto de antecedente como de relativo, sustituyendo a &quot;persona que&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son las mujeres en sus antojos tan singulares, que no hay &lt;strong&gt;persona que&lt;/strong&gt; las entienda ni &lt;strong&gt;persona que&lt;/strong&gt; pueda seguirles el vuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando no hay antecedente expreso, no se puede usar &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Son las mujeres en sus antojos tan singulares, que no hay &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; las entienda ni &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; pueda seguirles el vuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En construcciones de relieve &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una construcción de relieve es una construcción predicativa &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; donde el segundo término es una cláusula relativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú eres &lt;strong&gt;el que&lt;/strong&gt; me debe dar una explicación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas construcciones sirven para dar énfasis. Ya que no aparece un antecedente expreso, no se puede usar &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Tú eres &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me debe dar una explicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las construcciones de relieve tienen la particularidad de que admiten los relativos &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt;, pero no &lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Tú eres &lt;strong&gt;el cual&lt;/strong&gt; me debe dar una explicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con preposiciones &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preposiciones pueden introducir construcciones relativas con o sin antecedente expreso. Sin embargo, no admiten el relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; incluso cuando el antecedente aparece explícitamente. En este caso, se deberá usar &lt;em&gt;el/la que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el/la cual&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Esto es lo que me han contao&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y he oído generalmente,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a una voz, entre la gente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con &lt;strong&gt;la cual&lt;/strong&gt; he platicao.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  AAscasubi, Hilario (1872). &lt;em&gt;Aniceto el Gallo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando no aparece antecedente expreso, se deberá usar &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quizá en este momento le oprimen poderosos enemigos y se halla sin &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; le defienda.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Milá y Fontanals (1844). &lt;em&gt;Compendio de arte poética.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: las cláusulas adjetivas especificativas especifican al antecedente de entre todos los de su clase, y se escriben sin comas. Las cláusulas adjetivas explicativas añaden información sobre un antecedente ya especificado, y se escriben entre comas.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2: las construcciones predictivas expresan alguna cualidad o propiedad del sujeto. El verbo típico en construcciones predictivas es &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T02:30:14.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T02:30:14.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17017" CreationDate="2016-06-05T14:48:55.977" Score="2" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve noticed in a lot of Spanish books, when English/Spanish translations are given, the order of time declarations is different between languages. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I usually work on Saturdays but in the evening we sometimes have a&#xA;  barbecue. / Normalmente trabajo los sábados pero a veces hacemos una&#xA;  barbacoa por la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^ In the Spanish “evening” comes at the end of the sentence.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He did it a long time ago. / Hace mucho tiempo lo hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^ In the Spanish, “long time ago” comes at the start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And what shall we do on Sunday? / Y el domingo, ¿qué hacemos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^ In the English, “Sunday” comes at the end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On Sunday we usually do sport. / Normalmente los domingos hacemos&#xA;  deporte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^In the English ”Sunday” comes at the start. In Spanish, Normalmente comes at the start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there are rule in Spanish about the order in which time declarations must be placed. Or are the above examples just translation quirks (Although these examples come from different books, so it seems odd that they would all have quirks). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T08:05:35.210" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T08:05:35.210" Title="In Spanish, do time declarations have to follow a specific order?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17001" CreationDate="2016-06-05T17:02:23.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo interpreto &quot;substancia y cifra&quot; como &lt;em&gt;cuerpo y alma&lt;/em&gt;, materia y espíritu, realidad e idea, referente y concepto, concreto y abstracto o cualquier pareja similar. Que el rey del tiempo sea &lt;em&gt;substancia y cifra del siglo&lt;/em&gt; significa  que es a la vez una encarnación del tiempo y una divinidad, entendiendo &quot;cifra&quot; (el signo o el concepto de la cantidad) como lo opuesto a la substancia (la persona concreta). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es una opinión personal. Borges es intencionalmente oscuro e imita el discurso esotérico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T17:02:23.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-05T21:55:56.513" Score="1" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Echar de menos&quot; means &quot;to miss someone.&quot; I accept this (sort of); but why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does &quot;throwing of less&quot; equate to missing someone. What's the connection?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T21:55:56.513" Title="What is the sense of &quot;Echar de Menos&quot; for missing someone?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-06-06T06:26:12.713" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17015" CreationDate="2016-06-05T22:02:39.577" Score="14" ViewCount="478" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes in English we write statements such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What the heck is going on here?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(ending with both an exclamation mark and a question mark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw a sentence like this in a Spanish book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué estás haciendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(that wasn't the exact sentence - I don't recall it - but it either started with an inverted exclamation point, and ended with a question mark, or vice versa (started with inverted question mark, and ended with an exclamation mark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was this a typo, or is that standard Spanish punctuation for rare cases (I say rare, because it's the first time I've ever seen it)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; correct, I wonder why it doesn't follow this pattern instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¿Qué estás haciendo?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T00:34:56.307" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T07:55:24.580" Title="Is a mixture of exclamation mark and question mark accepted practice, or was it a typo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17002" CreationDate="2016-06-06T02:54:50.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;nace&lt;/strong&gt; con gracia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es un hecho. Usamos el indicativo, más bien, el presente simple indicativo para mostrar la permanencia de un hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos usar el subjuntivo, su significado se reduce a que aún la acción no sucede (incerteza):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El que &lt;strong&gt;nazca&lt;/strong&gt; con gracia. (No sabemos cuándo va a nacer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo dejé que fuera Antonio el que &lt;strong&gt;decidiera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí el imperfecto de subjuntivo no se usa por el sujeto, se usa porque no se sabe si la acción se llevó a acabo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo dejé que fuera Antonio el que &lt;strong&gt;decidiera&lt;/strong&gt;. (No estoy seguro si Antonio decidió o no.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T02:54:50.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17012" CreationDate="2016-06-06T06:42:38.183" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;To my surprise, it is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interrogación y exclamación (signos de)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Los signos de interrogación (¿?) y de exclamación (¡!) sirven para&#xA;  representar en la escritura, respectivamente, la entonación&#xA;  interrogativa o exclamativa de un enunciado. Son signos dobles, pues&#xA;  existe un signo de apertura y otro de cierre, que deben colocarse de&#xA;  forma obligatoria al comienzo y al final del enunciado&#xA;  correspondiente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usos especiales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Cuando el sentido de una oración es interrogativo y exclamativo a&#xA;  la vez, pueden combinarse ambos signos, abriendo con el de exclamación&#xA;  y cerrando con el de interrogación, o viceversa: &lt;em&gt;¡Cómo te has&#xA;  atrevido? / ¿Cómo te has atrevido!&lt;/em&gt;; o, &lt;strong&gt;preferiblemente&lt;/strong&gt;, abriendo y&#xA;  cerrando con los dos signos a la vez: ¿&lt;em&gt;¡Qué estás diciendo!? / ¡¿Qué&#xA;  estás diciendo?!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, RAE says that it is preferred to keep signs balanced (ie, closing as many as you open), but it is also accepted to open with one and closing with the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T07:55:24.580" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T07:55:24.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17005" CreationDate="2016-06-06T06:56:27.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &quot;El estilo de Messi&quot; is talking about how Messi plays. On the other hand, &quot;El estilo Messi&quot; is talking about a way of play, that is played by Messi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is like &quot;Messi's style&quot; or &quot;Messi style&quot;, talking about the style of Messi or taliking about the style &quot;called&quot; Messi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an article I think &quot;El estilo Messi&quot; is way more powerfull.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12826" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T06:56:27.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17009" CreationDate="2016-06-06T07:09:23.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: see @fedorqui's comment. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer: The translations you saw in the books are not the only ones that can apply to each case. The following examples are all valid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I usually work on Saturdays but in the evening we sometimes have a barbecue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los sábados normalmente trabajo, pero por las tardes a veces hacemos barbacoas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence may come from a question like &lt;em&gt;¿Qué haces los sábados?&lt;/em&gt;, so the answer may start putting the emphasis in &lt;em&gt;los sábados&lt;/em&gt; by repeating the last part of the question. In the second part you may choose to start with &lt;em&gt;por las tardes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;a veces hacemos barbacoas&lt;/em&gt;, depending on what you want to emphasise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He did it a long time ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Aquello) lo hizo hace mucho tiempo.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Hace mucho tiempo de aquello.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Hace ya mucho de aquello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same as before, the previous question could be something regarding &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; he/she did (not when), so the answer may start with what the person did (it/&lt;em&gt;aquello&lt;/em&gt;) and leave the time to the last part. Or you can put the emphasis in the time part, as in the second example. Note the use of &lt;em&gt;aquello&lt;/em&gt; to put even more emphasis on the fact of the event being far in time. You can even drop &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; as in the third example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I can't read aloud these sentences without putting an &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot;&gt;uf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; before: &lt;em&gt;Uf, hace ya mucho de aquello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And what shall we do on Sunday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Y qué hacemos el domingo?&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;¿Y el domingo qué hacemos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On Sunday we usually do sport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nosotros los domingos solemos hacer deporte.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Nosotros solemos hacer deporte los domingos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more time, examples of these sentences depend on what you want to emphasise. In the answer, I added the &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; as a remark that there are two parts in the conversation, and that the answer only affects to one part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T07:09:23.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17019" CreationDate="2016-06-06T09:47:06.800" Score="10" ViewCount="3310" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16915/1674&quot;&gt;una pregunta anterior&lt;/a&gt; surgió la duda de cuál sería la mejor manera de traducir &lt;strong&gt;case sensitive&lt;/strong&gt; al castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es, ¿cómo podemos decir en castellano que el uso de minúsculas y mayúsculas importa, pues el soporte que las lee tiene en cuenta esta diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un término muy usado en la zona de introducción de datos de entrada para el acceso a una web o aplicación (&lt;em&gt;log in&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí se me ocurre decir algo más largo como &lt;strong&gt;susceptible a may/minúsculas&lt;/strong&gt;, siendo este min/mayúsculas el origen de la pregunta anterior. &lt;em&gt;Susceptible&lt;/em&gt; lo uso como una posible traducción de la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;sensible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2020-01-07T13:38:16.297" Title="¿&quot;Case sensitive&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17018" CreationDate="2016-06-06T09:51:28.023" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un correo enviado a la RAE preguntando sobre el tema de &lt;em&gt;case sensitive&lt;/em&gt;, me respondieron con el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Case sensitive&lt;/em&gt; podría traducirse por &lt;strong&gt;sensible a&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;discrimina mayús./minús.&lt;/strong&gt;, si quiere abreviar los términos. A la inversa, &lt;em&gt;case insensitive&lt;/em&gt; tendría como equivalencia &lt;strong&gt;ignora mayús./minús.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción relativa al ámbito de la impresión, y aparece en las expresiones &lt;em&gt;caja alta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caja baja&lt;/em&gt;, que, respectivamente, hacen referencia a las mayúsculas y las minúsculas. No obstante, la traducción &lt;em&gt;sensible a caja&lt;/em&gt; no resulta transparente y apenas se documenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dxYOPn&quot;&gt;caja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mencionada por la RAE debe de ser esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;23&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Impr. Cajón con varias separaciones o cajetines, en cada uno de los cuales se ponen los caracteres que representan una misma letra o&#xA;  signo tipográfico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T13:12:50.983" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T13:12:50.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17021" CreationDate="2016-06-06T11:07:55.400" Score="8" ViewCount="5842" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si me preguntaran cuál es la expresión que más variedades lingüísticas tiene, yo diría sin lugar a dudas que las usadas para denotar el &lt;em&gt;faltar a clase a propósito para dedicarse a otros menesteres&lt;/em&gt;. La RAE admite con más o menos este significado el término &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qg8UiDY&quot;&gt;hacer novillos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que a mí particularmente me recuerda a los tebeos de Zipi y Zape. A partir de aquí, las variedades ya no dependen simplemente del país, sino también de la región y casi me atrevería a decir que del pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un par de artículos (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogolengua.com/2010/09/hacer-pinta-rata-vaca.html&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://hablandodepalabras.wordpress.com/2011/11/03/hacer-novillos-origen-y-expresiones-afines/&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;) que he encontrando con un compendio de estas expresiones. Sin embargo, ambos sitúan en Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay una expresión que en Sevilla usábamos mucho cuando yo iba al colegio: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UzFnvHc&quot;&gt;hacer rabona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. En cambio, la expresión que ubican en Andalucía en el segundo artículo (&lt;strong&gt;hacerse una piarda&lt;/strong&gt;) no me suena de absolutamente nada (&quot;piarda&quot; no está ni en el diccionario). Sí me suenan otras como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SOeuRby&quot;&gt;hacer pellas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (de Madrid) o &lt;strong&gt;hacer campana&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué expresiones recordáis o sabéis que se usan actualmente para este concepto? ¿Estáis de acuerdo con los artículos o tenéis vuestra propia adaptación del término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-09-03T14:37:43.837" Title="Colección de expresiones usadas para decir &quot;faltar a clase&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17020" CreationDate="2016-06-06T11:31:01.623" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta en modo &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt;, siéntete libre de añadir aquí tus propias opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Argentina&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerse la rabona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerse la rata / ratearse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerse la yuta / cuca (Noroeste)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Bolivia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chuñearse una clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Chile&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capear clases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer la cimarra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer la chancha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Colombia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capar clases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mamar clases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Cuba&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fugarse del turno (un turno de clases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;España&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Aragón&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer pirola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer pellas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer borota&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cartagena&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fugarse la clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cataluña&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer campana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fumarse la clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saltarse la clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Ibiza&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer salera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Madrid&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer pellas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Irse de pellas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Málaga&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerse una piarda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;País Vasco&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer pira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Sevilla&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer rabona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saltarse la clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Valladolid&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pirarse la clase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el mapa (sacado &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/pavlo_ar02/status/1194652245578731520&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de Twitter&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R7SoX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R7SoXm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;México&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Irse de pinta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Echarse la brincona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Perú&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerse la vaca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tirarse la pera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-09-03T14:37:43.837" LastActivityDate="2020-09-03T14:37:43.837" CommentCount="15" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-06T11:31:01.623" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17018" CreationDate="2016-06-06T11:59:50.193" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una traducción adecuada podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas (is case sensitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas (is not case sensitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2751" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T11:59:50.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-06T15:11:19.500" Score="4" ViewCount="1116" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los hablantes nativos de español, al hablar inglés a menudo tenemos que dividir una frase larga en varias cortas, dado que en ese idioma las frases largas quedan un poco forzadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si la posibilidad de construir frases largas es una característica del español, de las lenguas romances en general, o si es el inglés el que supone una excepción al no permitir frases complejas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las estadísticas podrían ser una buena ayuda para conocer lo anterior. Actualmente, con la fuerza que está cobrando el &lt;em&gt;Big Data&lt;/em&gt;, pienso que debería haber bastantes personas realizando trabajos estadísticos con las lenguas. ¿Puede alguien aportar la longitud media de las frases en español y compararlas con los mismos datos obtenidos de otras lenguas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En particular, creo interesantes 2 &lt;strong&gt;comparaciones de la longitud media de las frases&lt;/strong&gt; en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Español frente a alguna lengua romance: Francés, por ejemplo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Español frente a inglés.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T15:53:07.250" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T13:13:34.510" Title="Longitud media de las frases en español" Tags="&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16813" CreationDate="2016-06-06T19:22:58.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) El dicho «montar un pollo» es el equivalente actual del clásico «montar un cacao».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) En la expresión «montar un cacao», el término «cacao» no hace referencia en absoluto al '&lt;em&gt;árbol de América, de la familia de las Esterculiáceas, de tronco liso de cinco a ocho metros de altura, hojas alternas, lustrosas...&lt;/em&gt;' ni a sus semillas. Se refiere, en realidad, a una segunda acepción, según la cual «cacao» es '&lt;em&gt;escándalo de voces, gritos, insultos, etc.&lt;/em&gt;', voz de origen expresivo, onomatopeya de la voz del gallo que huye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) ¿Quién forma el escándalo? El pollo. Por simple metonimia del agente por lo producido, en vez de montar un cacao, lo que se monta es un pollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12870" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T07:43:41.693" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T07:43:41.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17023" CreationDate="2016-06-07T08:38:50.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iba a poner esto en los comentarios, pero salía demasiado largo. Lo pongo pues como respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistlist.org/ask-ling/message-details1.cfm?asklingid=200433042&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguist&lt;/a&gt; ante la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has there been any research done on the subject of cross-linguistic&#xA;  variation sentence-length? I have been specifically comparing Finnish,&#xA;  German, and English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;More specifically, I am interested in cross-linguistic comparisons of&#xA;  sentence length in formal writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Responden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) There are, however, systematic differences between languages, even&#xA;  between such relatively close relatives as English and Spanish. For&#xA;  example, Spanish tends to often have a comma joining two 'sentences'&#xA;  (clauses) where English would have to have a period. This is standard&#xA;  and acceptable for Spanish. This and other differences mean that&#xA;  sentence length in words tends to be longer in Spanish than in&#xA;  English, so, for example, one has to 'tweak' the readability formulas&#xA;  for English to reflect such differences encountered, in this case, in&#xA;  Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sigue también es interesante, pero no lo copio aquí para no hacerlo demasiado largo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, creo interesante mencionar una parte posterior que tiene parte de &quot;meta&quot; en cuanto a cómo está planteada la pregunta en sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In short, you will have to define very carefully what you mean by&#xA;  'length' (orthographic or according to a phonetic transcription [the&#xA;  latter much harder to count in any sizable corpus, although I think an&#xA;  automatic orthography translator to a phonetic representation should&#xA;  be fairly trivial for Finnish]); these are not the same for most&#xA;  languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es interesante ver la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/2998/37429&quot;&gt;Do most languages need more space than English?&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;English Language &amp;amp; Usage&lt;/a&gt;. Hay muchas respuestas interesantes, por lo que sugiero leerlas con calma. Me quedo con algún dato:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Spanish, Portuguese and French (I guess we can just settle on Romance)&#xA;  texts are longer than their English counterparts by about 1/5 to 1/4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esto tiene más que ver con la longitud de las palabras que con la de las frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T08:38:50.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17018" CreationDate="2016-06-07T10:13:56.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre lo he traducido y lo he visto traducido como &quot;Sensible al caso&quot;, si bien no estoy seguro de que sea &lt;em&gt;estrictamente correcto&lt;/em&gt;, sí es, sin duda, la traducción más habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T10:13:56.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17023" CreationDate="2016-06-07T13:13:34.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wolframalpha.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wolfram Alpha&lt;/a&gt; el título de un libro conocido que esté bajo el dominio público, te hace un análisis del mismo. Por ejemplo, si buscas &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=on%20the%20origin%20of%20species&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;On the Origin of Species&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, entre otros muchos datos te dice que la longitud media de las frases de ese libro es de 36,38 palabras. La más larga de todo el libro es la que sigue (264 palabras):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have attempted to show that the geological record is extremely&#xA;  imperfect; that only a small portion of the globe has been&#xA;  geologically explored with care; that only certain classes of organic&#xA;  beings have been largely preserved in a fossil state; that the number&#xA;  both of specimens and of species, preserved in our museums, is&#xA;  absolutely as nothing compared with the number of generations which&#xA;  must have passed away even during a single formation; that, owing to&#xA;  subsidence being almost necessary for the accumulation of deposits&#xA;  rich in fossil species of many kinds, and thick enough to outlast&#xA;  future degradation, great intervals of time must have elapsed between&#xA;  most of our successive formations; that there has probably been more&#xA;  extinction during the periods of subsidence, and more variation during&#xA;  the periods of elevation, and during the latter the record will have&#xA;  been least perfectly kept; that each single formation has not been&#xA;  continuously deposited; that the duration of each formation is&#xA;  probably short compared with the average duration of specific forms;&#xA;  that migration has played an important part in the first appearance of&#xA;  new forms in any one area and formation; that widely ranging species&#xA;  are those which have varied most frequently, and have oftenest given&#xA;  rise to new species; that varieties have at first been local; and&#xA;  lastly, although each species must have passed through numerous&#xA;  transitional stages, it is probable that the periods, during which&#xA;  each underwent modification, though many and long as measured by&#xA;  years, have been short in comparison with the periods during which&#xA;  each remained in an unchanged condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y eso a pesar de que la recomendación en inglés es de no superar las 20 palabras por frase y usar siempre las palabras más cortas posibles. En el caso de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=bible&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Biblia&lt;/a&gt;, la longitud media de las frases es de 23,34 palabras, algo más acorde con lo que se espera de un texto dirigido al público en general (la frase más larga tiene en este caso 90 palabras). Curiosamente, las obras de Shakespeare, que representan más fielmente el inglés hablado al ser obras de teatro, tienen una media de unas 15 palabras por frase (al menos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Romeo%20and%20Juliet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Romeo y Julieta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=hamlet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hamlet&lt;/a&gt;, las dos que he consultado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo malo: que me está resultando difícil encontrar obras analizadas en español, por lo que no puedo hacer comparaciones. He probado con el Quijote, pero nada, y más famoso que eso... En todo caso, tu duda de si el inglés no permite construir frases largas creo que ha quedado disipada con el ejemplo. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T13:13:34.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17028" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17029" CreationDate="2016-06-07T14:02:28.007" Score="2" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la ayuda de un juego aparece la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;son figuras que no deben aparecer alineadas para ganar puntos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En éste, si se alinean 3 o más figuras iguales éstas desaparecen y otorgan puntos en función de la figura. Sin embargo, existen unas figuras especiales que con sólo aparecer en la pantalla ya otorgan puntos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la frase anterior deduciría que si estas figuras especiales aparecen alineadas no deberían otorgar puntos. Sin embargo, sí lo hacen en el juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La duda es si la expresión &quot;no + deber + infinitivo&quot; implica que &quot;no es necesario que&quot; o implica &quot;no ocurre en el supuesto de que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12882" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T14:23:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T16:56:32.113" Title="Connotación de la expresión &quot;no + deber + infinitivo&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17028" CreationDate="2016-06-07T14:18:04.470" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=deber&quot;&gt;Según la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, existen las formas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deber + infinitivo, que denota obligación, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deber + de + infinitivo, que denota probabilidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí debe haber al menos cien personas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (como puede decir el que está preparando un grupo de extras para una escena en una película, obligando a que en dicha escena haya ese número de extras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí debe de haber al menos cien personas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (como puede decir el que llega a un sitio y se topa con una manifestación, sorprendido por el evento inesperado y contando más o menos a las mismas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa que la expresión vaya en afirmativo o en negativo para denotar la obligación en el primer caso. Como tú indicas, la frase expresa que las figuras &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; deben aparecer alineadas (obligación de no aparecer así). Si los puntos se otorgan en cualquier caso, la frase debería haber sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;son figuras que no necesitan aparecer alineadas para ganar puntos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T14:22:06.727" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T14:22:06.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17030" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-07T16:52:30.337" Score="-1" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would the following be translated into Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;The football costs 18 dollars&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Oh, that makes sense&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or just &amp;quot;Makes sense&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12361" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T19:38:56.337" Title="Translating &quot;Makes sense&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-06-07T20:03:25.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17028" CreationDate="2016-06-07T16:56:32.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si consideramos la expresión aislada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no deben aparecer alineadas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está claro que afirma que es obligatorio que no aparezcan alineadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema surge al considerar el resto de la oración. La misma es &lt;strong&gt;ambigua&lt;/strong&gt;, porque se puede interpretar de dos maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(no deben aparecer alineadas) para ganar puntos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no (deben aparecer alineadas para ganar puntos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera interpretación, está diciendo que para ganar puntos es obligatorio que no aparezcan alineadas. En la segunda, que para ganar puntos no es obligatorio que aparezcan alineadas. Notar que en la segunda interpretación, la expresión aislada que mencionamos al principio ya no es una unidad. O sea que el problema no es cómo interpretar “no + deber + infinitivo”, sino en determinar si esa es realmente la estructura de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de ambigüedades es común al expresar reglas en lenguaje natural y para el que las escribe pueden pasar desapercibido que se pueden interpetar de más de una manera. En el caso del juego que mencionas, por lo que cuentas es esperable que se trate de la segunda interpretación: no tendría mucho sentido que se penalice que las figuras especiales aparezcan alineadas cuando en las comunes se premia. Por supuesto que hay maneras más claras de expresarlo, por ejemplo cambiando &lt;em&gt;deben&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;necesitan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T16:56:32.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17030" CreationDate="2016-06-07T19:38:56.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most accurate translation for &lt;strong&gt;makes sense&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;tiene sentido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens with the well known &lt;strong&gt;it has to do with&lt;/strong&gt;, translated as &lt;strong&gt;tiene que ver con&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T19:38:56.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16583" CreationDate="2016-06-08T06:47:22.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión similar que puede estar relacionada es tocado del ala. Este ala probablemente se refiere al ala de un sombrero. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esacademic.com/dic.nsf/sp_sp_dichos_refranes/1061/estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;He encontrado&lt;/a&gt; la siguiente explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tocado del ala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estar tocado del ala Estar loco. La explicación hay que analizarla a&#xA;  partir de la expresión estar tocado del ala. &lt;strong&gt;Ala&lt;/strong&gt; es la parte del&#xA;  sombrero que rodea la copa y que cae sobre las sienes. Cuando queremos&#xA;  dar a entender que alguien no está muy bien de la cabeza, nos tocamos&#xA;  o barrenamos la sien. Quienes llevaban sombrero, lo hacían en el ala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente tocado [de la cabeza] tenga un origen o una explicación similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2751" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T06:47:22.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17042" CreationDate="2016-06-08T12:21:12.947" Score="0" ViewCount="589" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que analizar el tipo de oraciones subordinadas y no estoy segura de haberlas identificado correctamente (solo los fragmentos en negrita). ¿Podríais por favor echarle un vistazo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) En su momento se pondrían de acuerdo sobre el modo de formalizar&#xA;  el compromiso &lt;strong&gt;según el grado de aceptación que ella hubiera logrado&#xA;  de su padre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿oración modal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) Los idiomas hay que saberlos cuando uno va a vender algo. Pero&#xA;  cuando uno va a comprar, todo el mundo le entiende &lt;strong&gt;como sea&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿oración relativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(3) Sabía &lt;strong&gt;que ni él ni ningún otro hombre la hubiera despertado&lt;/strong&gt; a&#xA;  las tres de la madrugada sólo para beber oporto y comer pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿oración completiva? se usa el subjuntivo porque negamos el antecedente, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(4) Correspondía a su imagen pública: era de recursos escasos, de&#xA;  maneras torpes, y sufría de unos sobresaltos súbitos, &lt;strong&gt;ya fueran de&#xA;  alegría o de disgusto&lt;/strong&gt;, y de unos rubores inoportunos que hacían&#xA;  temer por su fortaleza mental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece una estructura concesiva pero no estoy segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-08T12:33:55.147" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:59:07.137" Title="Identificar oraciones subordinadas" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16583" CreationDate="2016-06-08T14:21:24.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Isaac Asimov especula lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando un hombre enfermaba, los antiguos decían que estaba poseído por un espíritu maligno, y la idea parecía especialmente certera cuando el afectado hacía y decía cosas incoherentes. Como nadie actuaría así por propia voluntad, la gente lo atribuía al «demonio que llevaba dentro». Por eso, las sociedades primitivas trataban a veces al enfermo mental con sumo respeto y cuidado. &lt;strong&gt;El loco era alguien que había sido tocado por el dedo de un ser sobrenatural&lt;/strong&gt; (y hoy seguimos utilizando la palabra «tocado» para describir a un individuo que parece no estar en sus cabales).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;Grandes Ideas de la Ciencia&lt;/em&gt;, capítulo 12: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librosmaravillosos.com/grandesideasdelaciencia/capitulo12.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hipócrates y la Medicina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T14:21:24.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17037" CreationDate="2016-06-09T04:25:24.687" Score="2" ViewCount="418" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estudiaba los usos del futuro del subjuntivo, y leí unos frases con cláusulas condicionales. Sé que en el español de hoy, solemos usar el presente del subjuntivo en lugar del futuro. Pero, en estas cláusulas condicionales, es el presente del indicativo que reemplaza el futuro del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en el español actual, podemos decir algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si vienes a mi casa, te daré algo de pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, por lo que entiendo, en el español antiguo diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si vinieres a mi casa, te daré algo de pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un ejemplo que viene de la Biblia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RVR1960 dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si pecare el hombre contra el hombre, los jueces le juzgarán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Biblia de las Américas, que usa un español más actual, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si un hombre peca contra otro, Dios mediará por él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no entiendo es, ¿por qué usamos el presente del indicativo en lugar del futuro del subjuntivo en las cláusulas condicionales? Y, ¿cuándo ocurrió este cambio de modos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T06:30:33.487" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T08:51:10.980" Title="El uso del modo indicativo en las cláusulas condicionales en las cuales se usaba anteriormente el futuro del subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17036" CreationDate="2016-06-09T08:51:10.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la nueva gramática de la lengua española, epígrafe 24.3c en la página 1814, tenemos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma CANTARE se usaba en las prótasis condicionales para enfatizar el valor hipotético de estas. La condición expresada se podía referir a hechos venideros [...] pero también a situaciones presentes. &lt;em&gt;Si ella fuere de tanta hermosura como significáis, de buena gana y sin apremio alguno confesaremos la verdad que por parte vuestra nos es pedida&lt;/em&gt; (Cervantes, Quijote I).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que la condición es sobre un hecho presente, resulta normal que, dado que el futuro de subjuntivo es un tiempo complicado, se simplificara su uso y se sustituyera por el presente de indicativo: &lt;em&gt;si ella es tan hermosa como decís...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, en la propia gramática, en el epígrafe 24.3e, página 1814, se lee lo siguiente (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El futuro simple de subjuntivo comenzó a perder su vitalidad a partir del siglo XIV, pero fue a partir de la segunda parte del siglo XVI cuando se redujo considerablemente su uso, hasta perder casi toda su vigencia en la época barroca. Sin embargo, siguió siendo común en la lengua escrita, sobre todo en algunas variedades regionales del español de América. Hasta entrado el siglo XX, los gramáticos siguieron recomendando su empleo para expresar lo contingente o conjetural. Poco a poco se fue sustituyendo por el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo, pero también por el &lt;strong&gt;presente de indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;, hasta el punto de que ha caído hoy en desuso en la lengua oral de todas las áreas lingüísticas [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que la evolución fue simplemente una cuestión de simplificar el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T08:51:10.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17041" CreationDate="2016-06-09T10:10:38.637" Score="9" ViewCount="4398" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia se usa &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; para enfatizar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- La comida estaba &lt;strong&gt;requetebuena&lt;/strong&gt;, estuvimos untando pan hasta que&#xA;  no quedó ni rastro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¡Pásalo &lt;strong&gt;requetebién&lt;/strong&gt; en tus vacaciones!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE lo describe así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W6oHLV2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;requete-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pref. Denota 'intensificación'. &lt;em&gt;Requetefamoso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y parece que es parecido al &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1357/1674&quot;&gt;re- usado en Argentina&lt;/a&gt; (y en otras regiones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me parece un prefijo muy curioso, máxime cuando tiene el mismo nombre (salvo la tilde) de una organización militar (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requet%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;requetés&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cuál es su origen? ¿Es siempre equivalente a &lt;code&gt;re-&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T13:16:44.150" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del prefijo &quot;requete-&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2767" CreationDate="2016-06-09T10:18:04.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Sí se usa en...&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chile (también se usa &lt;em&gt;guácatela&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;puaj&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guatemala (también se usa &lt;em&gt;guácatela&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela (también se usa &lt;em&gt;guácatela&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;No se usa en...&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España (se usa &lt;em&gt;puaj&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aj&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T04:42:00.267" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T04:42:00.267" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-09T10:18:04.707" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4762" CreationDate="2016-06-09T10:39:30.920" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Chile&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hair clip&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Colombia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Derogatory term for things and people&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describes people as &quot;cheap&quot; and/or &quot;ugly&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Guatemala&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Denotes a perceived lack of value about something. It is derogatory in nature and can be translated as miserable, trivial, wretched, insignificant, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;México&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insult enhancer (equivalent to the use of &lt;em&gt;fucking&lt;/em&gt; in English)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjective to describe something as insignificant, lousy, miserable or worthless.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describes people as &quot;cheap&quot; or &quot;stingy&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Panamá&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insult enhancer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Spain&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kitchen boy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cuba&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T06:38:24.667" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T06:38:24.667" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-09T10:39:30.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17038" CreationDate="2016-06-10T10:46:54.100" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la web de la RAE se puede consultar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios históricos&lt;/a&gt; por lemas. Si consultas ahí el término, verás que existe tanto en el diccionario de 2001 como en el de 1992, pero no antes (el siguiente ya es de 1925). En estos dos diccionarios, si buscas &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; simplemente te redirige a la definición de &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;, que entre otras cosas dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con adjetivos o adverbios, puede reforzarse el valor de intensificación añadiendo a re- las sílabas &lt;strong&gt;-te&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;-quete&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rete&lt;/strong&gt;bueno. &lt;strong&gt;Requete&lt;/strong&gt;bién.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta definición a mí se me antoja que el proceso tuvo más que ver con un caso de &quot;a ver quién cuenta hasta más alto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Esto está bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-No, está rebueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Yo aún diría más, está retebueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-No sabéis nada, está requetebueno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que traducido al español de hoy en día sería como decir &lt;em&gt;esto está súper mega ultra hiper bueno&lt;/em&gt; y a ver a quién se le ocurren más prefijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, creo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.degruyter.com/dg/viewarticle.fullcontentlink:pdfeventlink/$002fj$002froma.2010.60.issue-1$002f9783110223095.2.239$002f9783110223095.2.239.pdf?format=INT&amp;amp;t:ac=j$002froma.2010.60.issue-1$002f9783110223095.2.239$002f9783110223095.2.239.xml&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; de Inmaculada García Jiménez, escrito en febrero de 2010 y que forma parte del libro &lt;em&gt;Word-Formation: An International Handbook of the Languages of Europe&lt;/em&gt;, te va a resultar de gran interés (demasiado largo y completo como para citarlo, pero creo que resolverá todas tus dudas). SPOILER: El primer caso documentado de &lt;em&gt;rete-&lt;/em&gt; es de 1859 por Fernán Caballero, y el primero caso documentado de &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; es de 1873 por Benito Pérez Galdós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, he trasladado tu consulta a la RAE, para ver si existe alguna correlación entre el prefijo y los requetés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es su respuesta, que incluye una referencia a &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; incluso anterior a la del artículo mencionado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El prefijo &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt; se documenta a ambos lados del Atlántico al menos desde el último tercio del siglo XIX. Valgan unos testimonios de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1866&lt;/strong&gt; Vergara y Vergara, José María. &lt;em&gt;Las tres tazas [Museo de cuadros de costumbres]&lt;/em&gt; (COLOMBIA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-¿Que el café está muy cargado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-Está requetecargado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1879&lt;/strong&gt; Pérez Galdós, Benito. &lt;em&gt;Los Apostólicos&lt;/em&gt; (ESPAÑA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Iremos a la casa de D. Francisco Bringas, de cuyos balcones se ha de ver muy requetebién toda la comitiva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T12:04:07.210" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T12:04:07.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17034" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:59:07.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) Dado que no hay un verbo principal, sino solo uno subordinado (&quot;que hubiera logrado&quot;), no se trata de una oración sino de un sintagma preposicional en función de &lt;strong&gt;complemento circunstancial de modo&lt;/strong&gt;. La oración es &quot;que ella hubiera logrado de su padre&quot;, que hace de complemento de nombre de &quot;aceptación&quot; y es una subordinada adjetiva especificativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Como sea&quot; es un elemento &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicalizaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lexicalizado&lt;/a&gt; (o al menos semi-lexicalizado), por lo que, aunque tenga un verbo conjugado, no puede analizarse como una oración. Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGfgbfzhFoQyljI,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt; (§22.12p), se trata de una locución adverbial inespecífica en función de complemento de modo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) La oración subordinada es efectivamente una oración completiva, o subordinada sustantiva, en función de complemento directo. Sin embargo, la subordinada va desde &quot;que&quot; hasta el final de la frase. Esto se ve claramente si se remplaza la subordinada por &quot;eso&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;X&lt;/sup&gt;Sabía eso a las tres de la madrugada sólo para beber oporto y comer pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;✓&lt;/sup&gt;Sabía eso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de que se use el subjuntivo no está relacionada con el antecedente (de hecho, no hay ninguna construcción relativa), sino que se usa porque en algunas situaciones el subjuntivo puede alternar libremente con el condicional sin cambio de significado (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=peUXmDSvojCtodJP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;§24.2s&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabía que ni él ni ningún otro hombre la (hubiera/habría) despertado a las tres de la madrugada sólo para beber oporto y comer pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) &quot;Ya sea(n)/ya fuera(n)&quot; es también un elemento lexicalizado, por lo que debe entenderse como una locución conjuntiva distributiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:59:07.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10711" CreationDate="2016-06-10T15:19:45.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Wow, are you serious?&lt;/em&gt; translates to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vas en serio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Guau! ¿Estás serio?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means something like &lt;em&gt;&quot;Wow. Are you feeling grave?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but honestly makes no sense. The opening marks just go at the beginning of a sentence. If it's a compound sentence, the marks shall enclose the question/exclamation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12901" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-11T16:12:52.183" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T16:12:52.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17047" CreationDate="2016-06-10T19:51:25.450" Score="3" ViewCount="1162" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where does the spoken stress lie in the word &quot;significa&quot;, as in &quot;qué significa&quot;? I always hear it stressed on the second &quot;i&quot;, but wouldn't that imply that it should be written &quot;signífica&quot;, which it doesn't appear to be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12903" LastEditorDisplayName="user12903" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T19:59:10.293" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T12:49:31.077" Title="Stress in &quot;significa&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17044" CreationDate="2016-06-10T20:06:09.717" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right, I think - it should be &quot;seeg-nee-FEE-kuh&quot;; as usual, the stress is on the penultimate syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que tienes razon - es deberia ser &quot;seeg-nee-FEE-kuh&quot;; como casi todo el tiempo, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T20:06:09.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17044" CreationDate="2016-06-10T20:41:03.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &lt;em&gt;signi&lt;strong&gt;fi&lt;/strong&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt;. The stress is bolded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stress can't be in the first two syllables, otherwise we'd have &lt;em&gt;sígnifica&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;signífica&lt;/em&gt;, which have accent mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T20:41:03.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17044" CreationDate="2016-06-10T20:46:54.777" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The stress goes to the &lt;strong&gt;second-to-last syllable&lt;/strong&gt;, and hence does not need the diacritical acute mark (´). &lt;em&gt;Significa&lt;/em&gt; is a regular verb form of the verb &lt;em&gt;significar&lt;/em&gt;. Stress in all infinitives goes in the last syllable, and moves to the second-to-last one in present-indicative-third person singular for regular verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronunciation *signífica is a mistake, and may obey an assimilation with the adjective &lt;em&gt;magnífico(a)&lt;/em&gt;. Also note that the corresponding verb form in &lt;em&gt;Italian&lt;/em&gt; sounds very similar and is in fact stressed in the third-to-last syllable (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IPA&lt;/a&gt;: [si.'ɲi.fi.ca]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T12:49:31.077" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T12:49:31.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17054" CreationDate="2016-06-10T21:01:27.400" Score="2" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was in the process of creating a memrise course and wanted to include the phrase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;was suspenseful&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  One of the first things I thought of was a movie, but the only instances of it I could find (and they were few at that) were written as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película fue suspenso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't they have been written like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película fue suspensa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am guessing that Spanish speakers have other ways of conveying that a movie was suspenseful.  What's the best and/or most common way of conveying this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when Spanish speakers use the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suspenso&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; typically what are some of the more common words that word is used with.  It clearly doesn't appear to be &quot;película.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After doing a review of this word as it is translated by a couple of online dictionaries (namely Word Reference and Tureng), I recognized that &quot;suspenseful&quot; is not one of the translations listed, but Reverso gives 20 examples of it translated in such a way (in addition to the few I found with &quot;La película fue suspenso.&quot;)  Below is the link to the Reverso examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/suspenso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suspenso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admittedly, some of the examples among this listing of 20 are &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de suspenso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; constructions, but not all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T23:29:25.190" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T09:18:56.437" Title="Is it correct to say &quot;la película fue suspenso?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17051" CreationDate="2016-06-10T22:35:19.817" Score="3" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently learned that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;salpresar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;to salt,&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but when I tried to find real world examples of its usage online, I kept running into entries that appeared to be referring to it as some sort of specific dish.  I attempted to see if the Spanish Wikipedia might have more to say about this, but did not find anything substantive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If &quot;salpresado&quot; is primarily used to refer to a specific dish, can anyone tell me a little more about it?&lt;/strong&gt;  Photos would also be helpful.  I did see some that may be associated with &quot;salpresado,&quot; but they all looked so different that I was unable to identify any distinguishing characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T21:12:45.733" Title="What is &quot;salpresado?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17038" CreationDate="2016-06-11T01:11:41.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En resumen, el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=9&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwju7JmSzZ7NAhXJDpAKHf8LCW8QFghIMAg&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdg%2Fviewarticle.fullcontentlink%3Apdfeventlink%2F%24002fj%24002froma.2010.60.issue-1%24002f9783110223095.2.239%24002f9783110223095.2.239.pdf%3Fformat%3DINT%26t%3Aac%3Dj%24002froma.2010.60.issue-1%24002f9783110223095.2.239%24002f9783110223095.2.239.xml&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNGQ-9-hEj1HY7-LI7vUe292giLznA&amp;amp;sig2=FXm_LPMlsgAhjFutSM9nzw&amp;amp;cad=rja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt; citado en la pregunta aceptada indica tres teorías acerca del origen de &lt;em&gt;requete&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los tres casos se habla de una &lt;strong&gt;metátesis&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, hay un cambio en la posición de los sonidos de una palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Se habría originado a partir de la interjección &lt;em&gt;reteque&lt;/em&gt;, que se usa estribillos de un estilo africano llamado &lt;em&gt;zarambeque&lt;/em&gt;, muy popular en España desde el siglo XVII. Por ejemplo en &lt;em&gt;Volatines y mojiganga&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pus qui vengo á rienda suelta&#xA;por sólo curar su vuelta&#xA;con vueltas del zarambeque,&#xA;teque, reteque, teque, reteque.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un entremés de Antonio de Solis llamado &lt;em&gt;El niño caballero&lt;/em&gt;, en el que se baila y canta zambeques, aparecen dos personajes llamados Teque y Reteque, que son gigantes, y de ahí proviene una expresión aparentemente conocida en España: &lt;em&gt;A teque reteque&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;repleto&quot;. De este gigante Reteque vendrían los prefijos rete- y requete-.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; A partir de la antigua forma &lt;em&gt;quetarré&lt;/em&gt;, siguiendo aproximadamente la siguiente vía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡qué tan reviejo!  &gt;  quetarré viejo  &gt; requete viejo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; A partir del prefijo &lt;em&gt;tatara&lt;/em&gt; (el de tatarabuelo), intensificado con un &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tatara feo  &gt; retata feo  &gt; recata feo &gt; requete feo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sea, es de origen andaluz y, junto a &lt;em&gt;rete&lt;/em&gt;, es el prefijo de aparición más reciente en la lengua española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-11T21:50:27.047" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T21:50:27.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17049" CreationDate="2016-06-11T08:29:22.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pictures you looked at were so different because &lt;em&gt;salpresar&lt;/em&gt; does not refer to any specific dish, but to a cooking technique. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X5ZEuu2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, it means &quot;to salt something and then press it so it can be preserved&quot;. I suppose the pictures just show the food being processed with this technique. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T21:12:45.733" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T21:12:45.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17048" CreationDate="2016-06-11T16:01:38.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tl;dr: no, it's not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There isn't a perfect one-word translation for &amp;quot;suspenseful&amp;quot;. You can use &amp;quot;emocionante&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;intrigante&amp;quot;, although those are closer to &amp;quot;exciting&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;thrilling&amp;quot;. The translation for &amp;quot;suspenseful&amp;quot; most searching engines offer is &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; suspenso&amp;quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cover my eyes during the most &lt;strong&gt;suspenseful parts&lt;/strong&gt; of a movie = Durante los &lt;strong&gt;momentos de&lt;/strong&gt; [más] &lt;strong&gt;suspenso&lt;/strong&gt;, me tapo los ojos. – &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/suspenseful&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is going to be the single least &lt;strong&gt;suspenseful meeting&lt;/strong&gt; of my day. = Esta será mi &lt;strong&gt;reunión de&lt;/strong&gt; menos &lt;strong&gt;suspenso&lt;/strong&gt; de este día – &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/suspenso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reverso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative is &amp;quot;con suspenso&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;To be suspenseful&amp;quot; can be translated as &amp;quot;tener suspenso&amp;quot;, which is probably the most common alternative, or &amp;quot;estar lleno/a de suspenso&amp;quot;, which is more emphatic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was more suspenseful than I thought. = Tenía más suspenso de lo que pensé – &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/suspenso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reverso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The movie was so suspenseful that it had me on the edge of my seat = La película estaba tan llena de suspenso [que] me tenía en ascuas. – &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/suspenseful&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, &amp;quot;suspenso&amp;quot; is a noun, not an adjective. Etymologically, &amp;quot;suspenso&amp;quot; is an adjective inasmuch as it is the participle of &amp;quot;suspender&amp;quot;, along with &amp;quot;suspendido&amp;quot;. As many other double participles, there was a time &amp;quot;suspenso&amp;quot; was used in passive contructions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Y al poco tiempo, por el mes de Agosto, año de 1587, vino por Presidente y Visitador general de esta Real Audiencia el Dr. Manuel de Barros San Millán, el cual le visitó y a los demás que lo habían sido, y en el discurso de su vistía &lt;strong&gt;fue suspenso&lt;/strong&gt; y enviado a España.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rodríguez Docampo, Diego (1650). &lt;em&gt;Descripción y relación del estado eclesiástico del Obispado de San Francisco de Quito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, most double participles have lost that property: the irregular one works as an adjective (which means it can't be used in compound verb tenses or passive constructions) and the regular one works as both an adjective and a participle. Two notable exceptions are &amp;quot;frito&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;impreso&amp;quot;, which can be used as participles even though a regular participle exists (freído, imprimido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another characteristic of irregular participles is that they may also work as nouns. Some examples are &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WD6Vhya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;respuesta&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (participle form of &amp;quot;responder&amp;quot;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zo7qIdO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;tinta&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (participle form of &amp;quot;teñir&amp;quot;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NUHokpl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;llanto&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (participle form of &amp;quot;llorar&amp;quot;), or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UH9P99t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;producto&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; (participle form of &amp;quot;producir&amp;quot;). All of these work exclusively as nouns today, although that may not have always been the case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;[El lenguaje] se halla en la propriedad [sic] de la luz o resplandor o lumbre, que es llamado el Verbo eterno, porque siempre depende el resplandor de la luz que le despide, y siempre &lt;strong&gt;está producto&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pineda, Juan de (1589). &lt;em&gt;Diálogos familiares de la agricultura cristiana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Suspenso&amp;quot; shares both properties mentioned above: it is an adjective meaning suspended, both in the sense of &amp;quot;cancelled&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;hung&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;hanging&amp;quot;; and it is a noun meaning &amp;quot;suspense&amp;quot;. If you say &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;La película fue suspenso&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, you're saying &amp;quot;the movie was suspense&amp;quot;, which doesn't make any sense. If you say &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;La película fue suspensa&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, you're saying it was suspended, although most people would say &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;la película fue suspendida&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in that case because irregular participles aren't used in passive constructions if there is a regular one available (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;blocking&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to say &amp;quot;the movie was suspenseful&amp;quot; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película estuvo llena de suspenso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &amp;quot;de suspenso&amp;quot; describes the thriller genre, so saying &amp;quot;película de suspenso&amp;quot; wouldn't mean a suspenseful movie but just a thriller. When describing a movie, novel, or any work that could potentially belong in the thriller genre, &amp;quot;lleno/a de suspenso&amp;quot; resolves the ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: &amp;quot;Suspenso&amp;quot; is commonly used throughout Latin America, while &amp;quot;suspense&amp;quot; (pronounced /sus.pen.se/) is preferred in Spain in the sense of &amp;quot;suspense&amp;quot;. An exception is the expression &amp;quot;en suspenso&amp;quot; (pending, temporarily cancelled), used on both sides of the pond. The form &amp;quot;en suspense&amp;quot; is incorrect. [&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=suspenso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T16:01:38.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17058" CreationDate="2016-06-11T16:57:21.153" Score="5" ViewCount="1803" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que analizar unas frases que llevan el subjuntivo. Así he explicado el uso del subjuntivo en las oraciones temporales, concesivas, finales etc. Pero me quedan algunas oraciones y no sé cómo clasificarlas (¿como oraciones condicionales?)&#xA;por ej.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(1) &lt;strong&gt;Se hubiera quedado así hasta el amanecer&lt;/strong&gt;, callada, con la mano de él sudando hielo en su mano, pero no pudo soportar el tormento del oído.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(2) &lt;strong&gt;Ella no lo hubiera creído de todos modos&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque fuera cierto, porque sus cartas de amor estaban hechas de frases como esa que no valían por su sentido sino por su poder de deslumbramiento.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que aquí tenemos condicionales irreales y que es posible reemplazar el subj. por condicional compuesto. ¿Pero en qué categoria se supone que deberian ir estas oraciones? Mi respuesta sería condicionales (hay que suponer una prótasis elidida), pero no estoy segura... ¿Me podríais dar un consejo por favor? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Perdonad si no es on-topic, no sé a quien preguntar, mi profe es muy impaciente y no ha sido de gran ayuda... ¡Muchas gracias de antemano!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="12888" LastEditDate="2016-06-11T17:08:47.763" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T10:59:03.583" Title="Condicional vs. Subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17055" CreationDate="2016-06-11T22:33:15.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nótese que ambas frases hacen un uso anómalo del subjuntivo. La primera debería ser &lt;em&gt;se habría quedado así&lt;/em&gt;, y la segunda &lt;em&gt;no lo habría creído&lt;/em&gt;, al ser ambos tiempos la conclusión de una oración condicional. La primera tiene la condición omitida, la segunda tiene la condición presente (&lt;em&gt;aun si fuera cierto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un caso muy común en el español. Del mismo modo que no dices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si estudiaras más, aprobaras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si estudiaras más, aprobarías. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mismo modo, no se debería decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubieras estudiado más, hubieras aprobado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que cuando la condición se omite, en español nos suena bien usar el subjuntivo cuando en realidad deberíamos estar usando el condicional de indicativo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: La respuesta se ha actualizado, pero para no despojar al debate de los comentarios de sentido, indicar que al principio hablaba de tiempos verbales erróneos en vez de anómalos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T10:59:03.583" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T10:59:03.583" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17060" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-12T06:46:29.723" Score="1" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know how there is in Spanish a present tense verb conjugation equivalent to &quot;may (verb)&quot;?  Found in sentences such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope that you may be here -- &lt;em&gt;Espero que estés aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive verbs, I think these are called.  I may be wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is there a past version for these?  Or would you just use the regular past imperfect?  For example, how would you say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope that you may have been here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12914" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T13:09:36.887" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T13:09:36.887" Title="Past &quot;may be&quot; verbs?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17060" CreationDate="2016-06-12T10:27:29.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tense you are looking for is, no surprise, called the past subjunctive, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood#Imperfect_subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;imperfect subjunctive&lt;/a&gt;. You can read about it in Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/98&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, or simply by Googling for &quot;imperfect subjunctive Spanish&quot; if you want other tutorials or explanations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T10:27:29.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17048" CreationDate="2016-06-12T11:50:03.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Spain we talk about &quot;películas de suspense&quot;, &quot;películas de terror&quot;, &quot;películas de acción&quot;... So I believe what you want to say is &quot;La película fue de suspense&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you are not talking about the genre (is that corret?) of the movie you can say &quot;La película tuvo mucho suspense&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It was a suspenseful action movie&quot; could be &quot;Fue una película de acción llena de suspense&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La película fue suspenso&quot; makes me think that you are talking about a bad movie since &quot;suspenso&quot; is what you get when you don't pass an exam so be careful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;La película fue suspensa&quot; makes me think that you are trying to say &quot;La película fue suspendida&quot;, meaning that the movie was not screened for some reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12915" LastEditorUserId="12915" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T12:06:58.873" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T12:06:58.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17060" CreationDate="2016-06-12T14:17:02.020" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best thing to do in this case is to start with the positive statement in the indicative mood and then transform it to a wish in the subjunctive mood. A key concept is that the subjunctive mood is less informative than the indicative mood, so there isn't a one-to-one relationship between the two. Here is a conversion table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iKp3C.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iKp3C.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMfzIHJljBWwTHKE-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have several possible positive statements, each with a subjunctive counterpart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estuviste allí. → Espero que estuvieras (estuvieses) allí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estabas allí. → Espero que estuvieras (estuvieses) allí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has estado allí. → Espero que hayas estado allí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some sample sentences where the phrases above could sound natural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X fue el mejor directivo que esta empresa tuvo jamás. No sé si por entonces trabajabas para ellos, pero &lt;strong&gt;espero que estuvieras allí&lt;/strong&gt; durante su dirección y que lo hayas podido conocer. Con Y, en cambio, nadie estaba contento. La empresa no duró mucho bajo su dirección, y cuando quebró tuvieron que malvender el equipo informático entre los empleados durante una reunión. &lt;strong&gt;Espero que hayas estado allí&lt;/strong&gt; y que hayas podido conseguir alguna ganga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conversions here are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estabas allí&lt;/strong&gt; durante su dirección. → Espero que &lt;strong&gt;estuvieras allí&lt;/strong&gt; durante su dirección.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estuviste&lt;/strong&gt; [en la reunión] → Espero que &lt;strong&gt;hayas estado&lt;/strong&gt; [en la reunión]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, even though Nueva Gramática only lists &quot;haya venido&quot; as the subjunctive alternative for &quot;ha/habrá venido&quot;, it may also be the subjunctive counterpart of &quot;viniste&quot;, as can be seen in the last example. Actually, the difference between the &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; (llegara/llegase, estuviera/estuviese) and the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/em&gt; (haya venido, haya estado) is hard to pin down, and both forms are interchangeable in most contexts. You can read more about it on &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/16744/imperfect-subjunctive-with-present-tense-independent-clause/16747#16747&quot;&gt;Imperfect Subjunctive with present tense independent clause?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T14:45:35.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10473" CreationDate="2016-06-12T16:10:11.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say there is no difference.  They have the same meaning in regards to driving a car.  &amp;quot;Manejar&amp;quot; is used in Latin America and &amp;quot;conducir&amp;quot; is used here in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they can have different meanings sometimes.  For example, in Spain, &amp;quot;estoy conduciendo una grúa&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;I'm driving a crane,&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;estoy manejando una grúa&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;I'm operating a crane.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12915" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T04:24:19.407" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T04:24:19.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-12T17:25:23.493" Score="3" ViewCount="1672" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si llego a hacer yo ese comentario me hubierais asesinado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Os parece normal el uso del pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo en la oración principal si el verbo de la subordinada va en presente? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T06:49:38.327" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T18:42:59.377" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;Si llego a hacer yo ese comentario me hubierais asesinado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17069" CreationDate="2016-06-12T18:05:32.750" Score="2" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiera tenido dinero me hubiera gustado comprarle una dentadura&#xA;  postiza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE la alternancia (condicional vs. subjuntivo) de usar el  pretérito pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo en las oraciones condicionales está permitida. Hablantes nativos: me podríais decir por favor ¿qué tiempo verbal usaríais en el lenguaje coloquial? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T06:50:51.590" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T06:50:51.590" Title="¿Qué tiempo se usaría en el lenguaje coloquial para decir &quot;Si hubiera tenido dinero me hubiera gustado comprarle una dentadura postiza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17067" CreationDate="2016-06-12T18:41:45.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente &quot;conservo&quot; la forma tradicional (a veces se me escapa &quot;hubiera ... hubiera&quot;), pero lo que oigo la mayoría de las veces es efectivamente &quot;hubiera ... hubiera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T18:41:45.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17067" CreationDate="2016-06-12T19:48:19.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me quedo con la forma &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;condicional&lt;/em&gt;. A saber, &lt;em&gt;si &lt;strong&gt;hubiera/hubiese&lt;/strong&gt;..., &lt;strong&gt;habría....&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien en inglés, se adopta la forma que expuse, he escuchado a mucha gente ocupar la forma con subjuntivo en ambas cláusulas. Para algunos natural, para otros, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T19:48:19.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17066" CreationDate="2016-06-12T19:52:22.030" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, porque la implicancia de la segunda cláusula alude a que &lt;em&gt;no me asesinó.&lt;/em&gt; Por tanto, si esto no pasó, no puedes decir &lt;em&gt;si llego&lt;/em&gt;, porque es una acción del presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente se suele poner (al menos acá en Chile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiese/hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; llegado a hacer ese comentario, me &lt;strong&gt;habrías&lt;/strong&gt; asesinado. (Pero no lo hice, así que no me asesinaste.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-06-12T22:03:12.207" LastActivityDate="2016-06-12T22:03:12.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2016-06-13T01:55:34.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Se añade esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los invito a mejorar y corregir libremente este resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Uso general:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calzado deportivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas deportivas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Argentina&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;botines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Chile&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Colombia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guayos (golf y fútbol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tacos (fútbol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Cuba&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tacos (fútbol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Ecuador&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatos de caucho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;España&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas / zapatillas deportivas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bambas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;botas (baloncesto y fútbol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deportivas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;playeros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;playeras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;snickers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;México&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;taquetes (fútbol, béisbol)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Perú&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatillas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Uruguay&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;championes o champion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zapatos de goma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="23615" LastEditDate="2020-10-16T18:15:55.190" LastActivityDate="2020-10-16T18:15:55.190" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-13T01:55:34.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17066" CreationDate="2016-06-13T06:55:58.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Cataluña, España, es correcto. Quizá se use más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si llego a hacer yo ese comentario me &lt;strong&gt;habríais&lt;/strong&gt; asesinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque es posible que eso se deba a la influencia del catalán&#xA; (En catalán sí que se usa mucho más el condicional que el pretérito imperfecto en este caso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12826" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T06:57:31.480" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T06:57:31.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17075" CreationDate="2016-06-13T10:07:34.537" Score="11" ViewCount="5633" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente oigo con cierta frecuencia frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acaba de salir un elefante del maletero de ese coche. ¡Qué situación&#xA;  tan &lt;strong&gt;bizarra&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de raro, estrafalario. Como uno nunca sabe con certeza si todo lo que cree que es, es, he ido al DRAE para confirmar que la palabra significa lo que yo creo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dC5eFT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarro, rra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. bizzarro 'iracundo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. valiente (‖ arriesgado).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Generoso, lucido, espléndido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y sí, nada que ver con cosas estrafalarias, por lo que parece que se ha incorporado la acepción de la palabra inglesa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bizarre?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarre&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;markedly unusual in appearance, style, or general character and often involving incongruous or unexpected elements; outrageously or whimsically strange; odd: bizarre clothing; bizarre behavior&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no dejo de preguntarme: ¿hay algún contexto en el que este uso esté justificado o le pasa como a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/16381/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;eventually&lt;/em&gt;, incorrectamente traducido como &lt;em&gt;eventual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-08-17T08:33:37.713" Title="¿Es &quot;bizarro&quot; en algún caso la traducción de &quot;bizarre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17074" CreationDate="2016-06-13T11:43:16.997" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;No solamente en inglés tiene el significado de raro, estrafalario. También lo tiene en francés e italiano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.le-dictionnaire.com/definition.php?mot=bizarre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adjectif singulier invariant en genre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;étrange, sortant de l'habituel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;en qualifiant un individu, changeant, excentrique, capricieux&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/bizzarro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;biżżarro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; agg. [etimo incerto]. – 1. Che attrae l’attenzione per la sua stranezza e originalità; fantastico, stravagante, capriccioso [...]. 2. a. ant. Irascibile, facile all’ira [...]. b. &lt;em&gt;Cavallo b.&lt;/em&gt;, focoso, vivace, facile ad adombrarsi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy contigo, a día de hoy en español no hay contexto alguno en el que esté justificado su uso como &amp;quot;raro, estrafalario&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, dado que estamos rodeados y que el diccionario debe adecuarse al uso popular y no al revés, es cuestión de tiempo el que se acepte dicho significado. Pero bueno, esto es una opinión propia. De momento el DPD advierte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bizarro -rra.&lt;/strong&gt; En español significa ‘valiente, esforzado’: &lt;em&gt;«Llega el capitán Andrés Cuevas, un bizarro combatiente al mando de un pelotón»&lt;/em&gt; (Matos Noche [Cuba 2002]); y ‘lucido, airoso’: &lt;em&gt;«Vuestra juventud reverdecerá más bizarra y galana que nunca»&lt;/em&gt; (Luján Espejos [Esp. 1991]). Debe evitarse su empleo con el sentido de ‘raro o extravagante’, calco semántico censurable del francés o del inglés &lt;em&gt;bizarre&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«—Es un nombre bizarro. —No cuando se ha nacido en Sídney y se es australiana»&lt;/em&gt; (Leyva Piñata [Méx. 1984]). Tampoco debe emplearse &lt;em&gt;bizarría&lt;/em&gt; con el sentido de ‘rareza o extravagancia’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente en portugués se usa el significado español, pero además añade el francés como galicismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/DLPO/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(espanhol bizarro)&#xA;adjectivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que tem bizarria. (Garbo e galhardia no porte e no proceder.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Próprio de quem tem bizarria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[Galicismo] Excêntrico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es justo adonde opino que vamos a tender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[Actualización 2019]&lt;/strong&gt; Edito la respuesta en un añadido aparte, por no modificar sustancialmente la redacción de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de americanismos de la ASALE sí que recoge el uso de &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; que mencionas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=saJNg5fzBx0Ai6QhU3N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarro, -a.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I. 1. adj. &lt;em&gt;PR, Ch, Ar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Referido a cosa&lt;/em&gt;, extraña, rara, insólita.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;II. 1. adj. &lt;em&gt;Ve&lt;/em&gt;. Bajo, despreciable, malsano. pop + cult → espon ^ desp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se atestigua, pues, y como afirma @rsanchez en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17078/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, su uso en Argentina, además de en Chile y Puerto Rico, con el sentido de &amp;quot;raro&amp;quot;. Pero es más, la Fundéu afirma en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/bizarro-significa-raro-extravagante-valiente/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aparece recogido en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español actual&lt;/em&gt;, en el de mexicanismos de la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua y en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de uso del español&lt;/em&gt;, de María Moliner, que ya en su primera edición señalaba que se empleaba con el sentido de ‘extravagante, sorprendente o gracioso’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que parece que la RAE se queda sola en su defensa del significado original de la palabra. Merece la pena hacer mención a este comentario, extraído de &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/11/05/articulo/1446740407_989364.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; del blog &lt;em&gt;Verne&lt;/em&gt;, del diario &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya lo siento, pero si usamos 'bizarro' únicamente para decir &amp;quot;bizarro significa raro y no valiente&amp;quot;, no hay más remedio que admitir que la batalla está perdida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, el final del artículo coincide con lo que afirmaba en la respuesta antes de la actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, es posible que la RAE acabe admitiendo una tercera acepción de bizarro y aceptando que también significa raro porque, al fin y al cabo, así es como la mayoría lo usa. [...] Es cierto que se trata de un error, de un calco censurable, pero la función principal del diccionario es descriptiva, es decir, recoge cómo hablamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[Actualización 2020]&lt;/strong&gt; Parece que definitivamente la RAE da la batalla por perdida. A fin de cuentas, su labor es registrar el uso que la gente hace del lenguaje. Recientemente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://mobile.twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1294575868795326464&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; han escrito lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultas de la semana | ¿Se puede usar «bizarro» con el significado&#xA;de ‘raro’?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque tradicionalmente «bizarro» se ha usado para ‘valiente,&#xA;aguerrido’ o ‘lucido, airoso’, hoy es normal su uso como ‘raro,&#xA;extravagante’, sentido cuya incorporación al «DLE» está prevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, está claro que la inclusión de la nueva acepción (que zanjará definitivamente todo debate al respecto) es solo cuestión de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-08-17T08:33:37.713" LastActivityDate="2020-08-17T08:33:37.713" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17074" CreationDate="2016-06-13T16:24:09.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Que bizarro significa &quot;valiente&quot;?&lt;/em&gt; ¡Eso sí que es &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me considero una persona culta y con amplio vocabulario, y creo haber utilizado la palabra &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; en ese sentido desde que tengo uso de razón, (¿quizá por haberla aprendido de libros mal traducidos?), y por lo que veo &lt;a href=&quot;http://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/11/05/articulo/1446740407_989364.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;no soy el único&lt;/a&gt;, ergo... no es algo tan raro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente en estos casos suelo corregirme de inmediato y evitar el uso erróneo, pero la verdad es que en este caso, no pienso hacerlo. Suena natural. Y si mi actitud os parece &lt;em&gt;bizarra&lt;/em&gt;... ¡pues eso que me llevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Además, si en el resto de idiomas mayoritarios de nuestro continente significa &quot;raro&quot;, ¡más motivo aún para incluir esa acepción! ¡&quot;&lt;em&gt;Hace europeo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12928" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T23:32:10.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T23:32:10.870" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17074" CreationDate="2016-06-14T00:39:31.480" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, al menos en el habla culta de Argentina, la palabra &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; se usa exclusivamente con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;extravagante, estrafalario, insólito&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa particularmente en la crítica de arte: teatro, cine, televisión, literatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas maneras, la equivalencia con &lt;em&gt;bizarre&lt;/em&gt; del inglés no es exacta. Podríamos decir que de alguna manera la versión Argentina es más &quot;fuerte&quot;:  para que se aplique tiene que tratarse de algo más extraño que su contraparte inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta cita, que encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/bizarro%20no%20es%20lo%20mismo%20que%20%20bizarre.htm&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, muestra que la palabra se usa con este sentido en Argentina desde hace al menos cuarenta años:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Bizarro: El francés &lt;em&gt;bizarre&lt;/em&gt; no equivale exactamente a &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt;, sino a &lt;em&gt;extravagante&lt;/em&gt;. El significado tradicional del español &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; es ‘valiente’: &lt;em&gt;Una gran parte de los intelectuales argentinos lo calificaron [a Borges] de bizarro (en el sentido francés de la palabra), de extravagante, de marginal y separado&lt;/em&gt; (Revista &lt;em&gt;Destino&lt;/em&gt;, 6.1.1973, 7).»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Seco, Manuel: Diccionario de dudas y dificultades de la lengua española. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998, p. 82]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que el DRAE no recoja el uso de esta acepción en Argentina, es como mínimo una omisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al ejemplo que pones, no hay duda de que en Argentina un elefante saliendo del baúl de un auto sería una situación muy bizarra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay algunos ejemplos del uso de &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; en la prensa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1906287-jorge-fernandez-diaz-lo-de-guillermo-moreno-fue-bizarro-y-vergonzoso&quot;&gt;Jorge Fernández Díaz: &quot;Lo de Guillermo Moreno fue bizarro y vergonzoso&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1806943-el-nuevo-spot-bizarro-de-jorge-altamira&quot;&gt;El nuevo spot bizarro de Jorge Altamira&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/telenoche/el-hallazgo-mas-bizarro-durante-allanamiento-a-las-propiedades-de-baez-una_085935&quot;&gt;El hallazgo más bizarro durante allanamiento a las propiedades de Báez: una costosa estatua de Néstor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clarin.com/politica/Roberti-Monica_Lopez-Pazos-massismo-sciolismo-sexo_0_1441656049.html&quot;&gt;Bizarro diálogo entre el esposo de Mónica López y Nancy Pazos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ole.com.ar/fuera-de-juego/Bizarro-arbitro-expulso-comentarista-Tv_0_1468653431.html&quot;&gt;Bizarro: expulsó a un comentarista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larazon.com.ar/interesa/bizarro-velorio-Puerto-Rico-polemica_0_726600178.html&quot;&gt;El bizarro velorio en Puerto Rico que causa polémica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es significativa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.encuentro.gov.ar/sitios/encuentro/programas/ver?rec_id=125798&quot;&gt;esta sinopsis&lt;/a&gt; de un programa emitido por un canal de argentina: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay personajes que llevan adelante un belicismo poético. Tomando el concepto de bizarro del castellano original, que no refiere a lo ridículo, sino al coraje, a la generosidad y al altruismo, vida y hazañas de hombres y mujeres que no gozaron de un lugar galardonado en los libros de historia, pero participaron de muchos de sus acontecimientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que si en Argentina uno quiere usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido que le da la RAE, debe aclararlo explícitamente o será malentendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T00:39:31.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16750" CreationDate="2016-06-14T06:42:37.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la relación con la palabra plátano, no encuentro evidencia alguna que vincule a la fruta -o fruto-, o la planta que da la fruta con la falta de ánimo de una persona. Creo que esa relación queda a merced de nuestra imaginación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que SÍ encontré es una fuerte relación entre el término y la conducta, quizás aparentemente, sumisa de ciertas poblaciones ante la presencia de los colonizadores. Pudiéndose reemplazar &quot;sumisa&quot; por &lt;strong&gt;aplatanada, quedada, dócil, etc.&lt;/strong&gt; (1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...os godos son insoportables. os godos, no los peninsulares, porque&#xA;  hay peninsulares portugueses e italianos. Son insoportables porque nos&#xA;  consideran aplatanados. Es verdad que existe bastante aplatanamiento&#xA;  entre la población de estas Islas. De no ser así, hace tiempo que nos&#xA;  hubiésemos quitado de encima el yugo colonial. En este archipiélago la&#xA;  gente es muy pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.eldia.es/2013-11-15/criterios/criterios14.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vér página&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que en la década del veinte era &lt;em&gt;aplatanado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ñangotado&lt;/em&gt;, se&#xA;  convirtió en 1930 en &lt;em&gt;resignado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fatalista&lt;/em&gt; para evolucionar con&#xA;  hipocrecía ladina hasta el &lt;em&gt;pacífico&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tolerante&lt;/em&gt; que hoy hemos&#xA;  puesto en boga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://americo.usal.es/iberoame/sites/default/files/docil.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ver .PDF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, encuentras la definición de aplatanado como la que has citado para República Dominicana, aunque no se reduce únicamente a este país, que significa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;adaptado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; a las formas, costumbres de un pueblo. A veces se encuentra como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;acriollado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. (2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=g_4vAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=aplatanado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Popular Cubana - Google.books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/uncataurodecuban00orti/uncataurodecuban00orti_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Un Catauro de Cubanismos: apuntes lexicográficos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (recomiendo usar ctrl + f, ya que la palabra aparece varias veces)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien ambas definiciones implican un cambio interno del sujeto que se &quot;&lt;strong&gt;aplatana&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, creo que es importante dar cuenta de que la primera tiene una impronta &lt;strong&gt;violenta&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;atroz&lt;/strong&gt; que la segunda no tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sirva la información. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12931" LastEditorUserId="12931" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T08:58:19.183" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T08:58:19.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17082" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-14T13:33:01.863" Score="10" ViewCount="3812" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones escucho y veo que se usa la palabra &amp;quot;ocupar&amp;quot; para dar a entender que se está haciendo uso de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien en ocasiones cuando se dice que se usa algo claramente se ocupa también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a &lt;strong&gt;ocupar&lt;/strong&gt; esta silla, está vacía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente yo puedo &lt;strong&gt;ocupar&lt;/strong&gt; ese cargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa tarea es fácil, puedo &lt;strong&gt;ocuparme&lt;/strong&gt; de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en las siguientes oraciones no puedo evitar sentir un uso indebido de la palabra basado en las definiciones de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qu5i3z8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El software que yo &lt;strong&gt;ocupo&lt;/strong&gt; es muy bueno para la edición de imágenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado a mucha gente &lt;strong&gt;ocupar&lt;/strong&gt; la forma con subjuntivo en ambas cláusulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si es correcto darle dicho significado a la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-04-13T13:34:55.923" Title="¿Cuál es la validez de la palabra &quot;ocupar&quot; en vez de &quot;usar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17083" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17084" CreationDate="2016-06-14T15:13:10.113" Score="2" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien menciona la palabra &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;, en el sentido más básico de la misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Recipiente que, cubierto con una tapa suelta o unida a la parte principal, sirve para guardar o transportar en él algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo siempre pienso en un recipiente con forma de paralelepípedo. Sin embargo, en la definición no aparece reflejada restricción alguna en cuanto a la forma del mismo. Pero no puedo evitar usar otras palabras si el recipiente tiene otra forma, como &lt;em&gt;cubo&lt;/em&gt; si es cilíndrico (aunque tenga tapa), &lt;em&gt;baúl&lt;/em&gt; si la tapa es convexa, etc. En versiones anteriores del diccionario se menciona expresamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de materia y forma variables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es de varias formas y tamaños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una vez más, si veo una caja con otra forma que no sea la rectangular me siento raro usando la palabra &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Soy yo, o es lo habitual? ¿Alguien podría ponerme algún ejemplo en el que el uso de &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt; con este significado no suene raro con formas de caja distintas a la rectangular? ¿O es simplemente que unas definiciones contienen a otras y un &lt;em&gt;baúl&lt;/em&gt; no deja de ser un tipo de &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T16:46:14.277" Title="Definición de &quot;caja&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17083" CreationDate="2016-06-14T15:48:26.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que varios objetos sirvan para lo mismo no los hace iguales. En principio yo también pienso que un baúl no es una caja aunque ambos sean contenedores por lo que en pareciera que estamos de acuerdo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo si miramos las definiciones en la RAE encontramos ejemplos como &quot;caja torácica&quot;, que existe un tambor que se llama caja, que la parte del vehiculo donde se transporta la carga se llama caja (cajuela en algunas partes), que la parte de madera exterior del piano también es una caja, y muchos más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, la definición de caja no la limita a la forma de paralelepípedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que creo es más extremo es el de &quot;Caja torácica&quot; pero también están las cajas típicas en las que se guardan los sombreros que son de forma cilíndrica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N0vny.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N0vny.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También están estas otras que &lt;em&gt;no cuesta tanto trabajo&lt;/em&gt; llamarlas cajas.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nPabN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nPabN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o esta (gracias Julio Codesal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V38z2.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V38z2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;o esta (gracias Julio Codesal)&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T16:46:14.277" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T16:46:14.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17089" CreationDate="2016-06-14T19:52:01.193" Score="3" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy tratando de decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would like pizza instead of pasta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué forma de &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; es correcta, &lt;em&gt;&quot;Me Gustaría&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;Me Gusta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; pizza en vez de pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; pizza en vez de pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me apologize for my very poor Spanish, I am very new to the language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12938" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T21:49:51.670" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T10:45:15.543" Title="En la frase &quot;I would like pizza instead of pasta&quot; en español, ¿debo usar &quot;gustaría&quot; o &quot;gusta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17082" CreationDate="2016-06-14T20:20:16.610" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene recogido en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=ocupar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos 2010 de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ocupar. I. 1. tr. Mx, Ho, ES, Ni; Ec, Bo:NE,O, Ch, Ur, pop + cult →&#xA;  espon. Usar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastEditorUserId="12800" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T08:01:24.920" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T08:01:24.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17086" CreationDate="2016-06-14T21:12:21.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a formal context, the following sentence sounds more natural to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quisiera pizza en vez de pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a more informal situation, if you choose to use &quot;me gustaría&quot;, don't forget to put the accent mark on the &quot;i&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11998" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T21:21:11.037" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T21:21:11.037" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17086" CreationDate="2016-06-15T04:07:43.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; una pizza,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;corresponde a un estado permanente. (El uso del artículo indefinido muestra que no se sabe qué tipo de pizza.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;em&gt;gustaría&lt;/em&gt; una pizza,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es lo que comúnmente se usa para la cortesía con &lt;em&gt;would like&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;em&gt;I would like&lt;/em&gt; simplemente corresponde a &lt;em&gt;me gustaría&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En todo caso, se acostumbra bastante a poner &lt;em&gt;quisiera&lt;/em&gt;, así que las dos formas son válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T04:07:43.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17086" CreationDate="2016-06-15T06:44:50.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por usar un verbo diferente, yo propondría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prefiero&lt;/strong&gt; pizza en vez de pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preferiría&lt;/strong&gt; pizza en vez de pasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siendo la segunda opción más formal (como se ha comentado en otras respuestas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando eliges una opción por encima de otra porque te gusta más o por el motivo que sea, se suele usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;preferir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T07:38:27.507" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T07:38:27.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17098" CreationDate="2016-06-15T07:12:33.177" Score="4" ViewCount="13311" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia decimos en España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer le dije a Juan que es un calzonazos y se picó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, con &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; indicamos que alguien se enfada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE lo recoge así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsuIXMH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De pico&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Pinchar una superficie con un instrumento punzante. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Enojar y provocar a alguien con palabras o acciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;55&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Ofenderse, enfadarse o enojarse, a causa de alguna&#xA;  palabra o acción ofensiva o indecorosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me interesa el origen de la expresión: ¿qué se supone que estamos picando cuando alguien se pica? ¿picamos su amor propio, su orgullo? ¿acaso estamos &lt;em&gt;pinchando&lt;/em&gt; en su estado de ánimo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T13:05:01.543" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T14:40:04.060" Title="¿Qué picamos cuando alguien se &quot;pica&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17086" CreationDate="2016-06-15T08:40:01.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué forma de gustar es correcta, &quot;Me Gustaría&quot; o &quot;Me Gusta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en inglés aparece el verbo modal &quot;would&quot;, conjuga el verbo en tiempo &lt;strong&gt;condicional simple&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;would&lt;/strong&gt; like to drive&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;= Me &lt;strong&gt;gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; conducir&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like pizza&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;= Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt; la pizza&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(La única excepción sería &quot;would have [verb]&quot;, que se traduciría como condicional compuesto, p.ej. «I would have gone myself» = «Hubiera ido yo mismo»)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera análoga, el verbo modal &quot;will&quot; cambia el tiempo verbal a futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12943" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T10:45:15.543" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T10:45:15.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17094" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-15T14:43:43.507" Score="3" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;In grocery stores in the US, the following things are known as &quot;cases&quot; of different kinds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some are refrigerated but have no glass or doors, so that customers can select what they want directly:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/szVO9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/szVO9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Others have glass on the front, so only employees can access the products (from the back):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gDUs4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gDUs4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Others have doors that the customers can open:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JZv5k.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JZv5k.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that the Spanish word &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=vitrina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vitrina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can be used as a translation of &quot;display case,&quot; but it appears to me that its use is normally limited to cases that have glass on the front.  If that's true, then &lt;em&gt;vitrina&lt;/em&gt; could only be used to describe the second and third images above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the term used in the grocery industry to describe these types of cases, especially the first image above?  I'm particularly interested in what vocabulary would be used in Mexico and Latin America generally, if that matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:37:44.123" Title="What is a &quot;case,&quot; used in grocery stores, in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17094" CreationDate="2016-06-15T15:03:21.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España la primera imagen y la tercera imagen se llaman frigorífico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda lo llamaría mostrador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T15:03:21.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17094" CreationDate="2016-06-15T15:55:57.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are &lt;em&gt;vitrinas&lt;/em&gt; because they have windows and are for display purposes. You have to add de adjetive &lt;em&gt;refrigerador&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching in the web pages of companies that sell them, I see that the word most used for the third one is &lt;em&gt;armario refrigerador&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T15:55:57.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17094" CreationDate="2016-06-15T23:27:35.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Peru we use &quot;exhibidora&quot;, for cases used in supermarket&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/szVO9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/szVO9.png&quot; alt=&quot;góndola&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard &quot;góndola&quot; or &quot;góndola refrigerada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1856" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T19:37:44.123" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:37:44.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17092" CreationDate="2016-06-15T23:49:00.300" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del sustantivo &amp;quot;pique&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T7pDG6p%7CT7s8Aoc%7CT7s8uyl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pique&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De picar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Resentimiento, desazón o disgusto ocasionado de una disputa u otra cosa semejante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no lo había escuchado nunca. Estos ejemplos los obtuve de Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sevilla y Villarreal tienen un pique deportivo por su competitividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen un pique que comenzó por un problema familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existe con el mismo significado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definition/pique&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inglés&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/pique&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología en dictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La variante pronominal, mucho más frecuente, se forma como siempre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un disgusto - &lt;em&gt;disgustarse&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;te disgustaste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un corte - &lt;em&gt;cortarse&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;te cortaste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un pique - &lt;em&gt;picarse&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;te picaste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se menciona en la definición, deriva de &lt;strong&gt;picar&lt;/strong&gt; que, según el Breve Diccionario Etimológico de Joan Corominas, es una palabra de origen onomatopéyico, común a todas las lenguas romances. Originalmente significó &amp;quot;golpear con algo puntiagudo&amp;quot; (pic-pic-pic) y derivó hacia muchos sentidos diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al &amp;quot;picarte&amp;quot; (que gramaticalmente es lo mismo que &amp;quot;disgustar&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;) sientes como que te pincharan con una aguja (que es lo que hacen los &lt;em&gt;picadores&lt;/em&gt; de toros). Es esencialmente lo mismo que te ocurre con la &lt;em&gt;picazón&lt;/em&gt; y la comida &lt;em&gt;picante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T08:01:50.500" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2016-06-16T02:58:49.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;&quot; originated in Mexico City as a urban slang used among kids in the neighborhoods. Kids would use that as a term for &quot;dude&quot; or &quot;hey, man&quot;, so it has not negative or offensive meaning. Gangs in East Los Angeles adapted the term since they are of Mexican descent and it is a very common word used among kids and teenagers who lived in urban areas in Mexico City. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12950" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T02:58:49.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17102" CreationDate="2016-06-16T06:38:53.750" Score="9" ViewCount="4915" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras leer la pregunta de fedorqui sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17092/qu%C3%A9-picamos-cuando-alguien-se-pica&quot;&gt;picarse&lt;/a&gt;, me sorprendió ver que el verbo picar tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsuIXMH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;57 acepciones&lt;/a&gt; aceptadas. Así que me pregunto: ¿cuál es la palabra más polivalente (con más acepciones) del español según la RAE? Siempre, claro, con el permiso de Pérez-Reverte y su &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://arturoperez-reverte.blogspot.com.es/2010/02/cuestion-de-cojones.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cojones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T07:22:57.963" Title="Palabra más polivalente del español" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17100" CreationDate="2016-06-16T07:13:01.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si hay alguna con más, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; gana a &lt;strong&gt;picar&lt;/strong&gt; justo por uno, 58 acepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si bien solo tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MVjNCIs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;7 entradas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;joder&lt;/strong&gt; es la palabra a la que coloquialmente más significados se le dan (en mi opinión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12826" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T19:24:53.827" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T19:24:53.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17100" CreationDate="2016-06-16T07:53:41.993" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que la ganadora es...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con 64 acepciones (y 9 locuciones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, otras que tienen bastantes son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsuIXMH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picar&lt;/a&gt;, con 57 (y 3 locuciones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=dar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar&lt;/a&gt;, con 53 (y 52 locuciones).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4oyrC6G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bajo&lt;/a&gt;, con 51 (y 6 locuciones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zr3ZJPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tirar&lt;/a&gt;, con 39 (y 8 locuciones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;, con 38 (y 58 locuciones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonaforo.meristation.com/topic/1320967/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Búsqueda: La palabra con más acepciones en la RAE, y otras que también tengan muchas&lt;/a&gt; estuvieron debatiéndolo hace unos cuantos años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T07:17:17.407" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T07:17:17.407" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-17T06:47:26.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17105" CreationDate="2016-06-16T10:04:47.393" Score="3" ViewCount="1471" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando en el verbo tener y su conjugación en el presente del indicativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;persona&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;singular&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;plural&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;1.ª&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;tengo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;tenemos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;2.ª&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;ti&lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt;nes&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;tenéis&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;3.ª&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;ti&lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt;ne&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;ti&lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt;nen&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que la 3ª persona del plural, así como la 2ª y 3ª del singular introducen una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; entre la &amp;quot;t&amp;quot; y la &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente es un verbo irregular que la RAE describe en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modelos de conjugación verbal&lt;/a&gt; bajo la introducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbos irregulares&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se incluyen bajo este epígrafe tanto los verbos de irregularidad&#xA;propia, cuyo paradigma es único (ir, ser, etc.), como los que sirven&#xA;de modelo a otros verbos irregulares (acertar, agradecer, etc.).&#xA;También se incluye aquí el verbo leer —modelo de otros verbos como&#xA;creer o proveer—, que aun siendo regular desde el punto de vista&#xA;morfológico, no lo es desde el punto de vista gráfico-articulatorio,&#xA;ya que el sonido vocálico /i/ de algunas desinencias, cuando queda&#xA;entre vocales, se transforma en el sonido consonántico /y/; así, la&#xA;raíz le- + la desinencia -ió no da leió, sino leyó; le- + -iera no da&#xA;leiera, sino leyera, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi educación nunca incluyó el latín y mis conocimientos de etimologías son bastante triviales (en ambos sentidos: tanto por cosas de perogrullo como por preguntas del trivial), por lo que lo mismo es obvio para muchos, pero... ¿qué sentido histórico-etimológico tiene la introducción de la &amp;quot;i&amp;quot; en la conjugación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-30T13:05:20.633" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:05:20.633" Title="¿Por qué el verbo &quot;tener&quot; introduce una &quot;i&quot; en ciertas conjugaciones, como &quot;tú tienes&quot; o &quot;ellos tienen&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17104" CreationDate="2016-06-16T10:41:16.580" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muy resumido, /e/ breve latina en posición tónica diptonga en español a /ie/. Ocurre de forma regular: &lt;em&gt;feram&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &quot;fiera&quot;, &lt;em&gt;herbam&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &quot;hierba&quot;, etc. Es una cuestión fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T10:41:16.580" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:11:12.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico people would translate &quot;crush&quot; as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;enchule&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a crush on you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy enchulada de ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12952" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T13:33:32.347" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T13:33:32.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16789" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:19:55.790" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por mi experiencia, creo que empezó a popularizarse a partir de la película &quot;Regreso al Futuro&quot;. En ella Marty McFly emplea (en el inglés original) la expresión &quot;That's heavy&quot; cuando quiere referirse a algo que le ha impactado. En España esa expresión se tradujo por &quot;¡qué fuerte!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=%C2%A1qu%C3%A9%20fuerte!&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2010&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2C%C2%A1%20qu%C3%A9%20fuerte%20%21%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3B%C2%A1%20Qu%C3%A9%20fuerte%20%21%3B%2Cc0%3B%3B%C2%A1%20qu%C3%A9%20fuerte%20%21%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram sobre el uso de &quot;¡qué fuerte!&quot; desde 1800 en los libros&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AVagw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AVagw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2289" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T07:49:54.700" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T07:49:54.700" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17109" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:25:06.213" Score="13" ViewCount="7765" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;como agua para chocolate&quot; means &quot;like water for chocolate&quot;. And I am aware that it is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Como_agua_para_chocolate_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;novel&lt;/a&gt; (and there is film made after the novel), which has its origin in Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I heard it said in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dicelacancion.com/letra-alerta-roja-daddy-yankee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;song&lt;/a&gt; now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y esto está como agua para chocolate &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the group that sang that part is &quot;Gente de Zona&quot;, which is a Cuban reggaeton group.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves me with two questions, my main question is &quot;what does it mean?&quot; Not in the sense of, translate it to English, as I know the translation. But what is meant by saying it. And my second question would be, how well known is that saying outside of Mexico? I am aware that the novel became popular in more Spanish-speaking countries, so it doesn't surprise me that people from Cuba know this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11443" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T22:53:28.683" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T22:53:28.683" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;como agua para chocolate&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17108" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:35:26.693" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Succinctly explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.speakinglatino.com/como-agua-para-chocolate/&quot;&gt;Como agua para chocolate: Un dicho mexicano hecho novela&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Como agua para chocolate&quot; es un popular dicho mexicano que significa&#xA;  estar molesto o muy furioso. El mismo compara el estado en el cual&#xA;  tiene que estar el agua -hirviendo- para preparar chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it is a saying to state that someone is extremely furious. It uses the link with the water, that needs to be very warm to be useful for chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070330085044AAnfl6R&quot;&gt;Qué significa la expresion &quot;como agua para chocolate&quot;?&lt;/a&gt; I also get some other meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to be so angry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to be &quot;warm&quot; in a luxurious way. That is, to be in a sexual appealing mood.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also this one that is quite well explained:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una expresión y un modismo. Cuando preparas agua para hacer&#xA;  chocolate caliente, debe estar en su punto, de lo contrario el&#xA;  chocolate no hará espuma, osea, debe estar a la perfección y listo. De&#xA;  manera que si estas &quot;como agua para chocolate&quot;, implica que estas&#xA;  listo para lo que viene, sea bueno o malo. Tambien suele utilizarse&#xA;  para decir que estas tan enojado que arremeterás en contra de quien&#xA;  sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't read the novel myself, but from what I see it may have a double use as per someone who is very impulsive in relationships, both in love and hate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding its usage throughout Spanish speaking countries, in Spain we do not use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T12:40:40.440" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T12:40:40.440" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17100" CreationDate="2016-06-16T16:03:05.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los sustantivos me llama la atención &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UgMIq14&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;punto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con 43 acepciones y 110 locuciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:03:05.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17100" CreationDate="2016-06-16T16:20:19.333" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultada a la RAE me dicen que los artículos más extensos, contando acepciones simples y formas complejas, son los de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OF9CzGo%7COFAJXYy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (372 acepciones en total) y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SwyZKJX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (217 acepciones en total), por ese orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No responde a la pregunta exacta, pero no por ello dejan de ser términos extremadamente polivalentes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T07:00:17.203" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T07:00:17.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17114" CreationDate="2016-06-16T17:11:14.743" Score="6" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across a question in one of my self-study workbooks asking me to translate this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The smell of enchiladas circulates through the house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor &lt;strong&gt;de las&lt;/strong&gt; enchiladas circula por toda la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the answer key lists the correct translation as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; enchiladas circula por toda la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why does this sentence use &quot;a enchiladas&quot; here instead of &quot;de las enchiladas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (or simply &quot;de enchiladas&quot;)? When I plug it into Google Translate, &quot;El olor de las enchiladas,&quot; &quot;El olor de enchiladas,&quot; and &quot;El olor a enchiladas&quot; all produce the same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest I could come to an answer was on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rocketlanguages.com/spanish/learn/spanish-prepositions-a-de-en-hacia-and-con/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt;, where it gives these uses for prepositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preposition    Translation&#xA;a              to, at, from, by, on, for, upon&#xA;de             of, about, on, with, because of, by, at&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only guess I have based on that is that the general &lt;em&gt;meaning&lt;/em&gt; of &quot;of&quot; in the English example corresponds more with &quot;from.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12946" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T09:32:32.197" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T09:32:32.197" Title="Why is &quot;a&quot; used in &quot;El olor 'a' las enchiladas circula&quot; instead of &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17112" CreationDate="2016-06-16T18:52:10.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I let someone else talk extensively about prepositions, but your observation is right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El olor de las ...&quot; means &quot;The smell from...&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El olor a ....&quot; means &quot;The smell of....&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long version of the first sentence would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;El olor que proviene/viene/sale de las....&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; that in English would be &quot;The smell that is coming from....&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't think of a long version version for the second sentence. It just uses the preposition &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I guess I agree with your book. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, as Rodrigo pointed out in the comments, the sentence &quot;El olor a rosas ...&quot; as well as in English &quot;The smell of roses ...&quot; could mean that the smell comes from something that smells like the roses while &quot;El olor de las enchiladas&quot; definitely comes from enchiladas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prepositions are hard and most of their uses you will have to learn by heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T21:27:45.630" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T21:27:45.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17112" CreationDate="2016-06-16T20:45:04.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor de las enchiladas circula por toda la casa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that the enchiladas are still present somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor a enchiladas circula por toda la casa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, the enchiladas were maybe eaten, but their smell is still in the air.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12957" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T21:39:29.357" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T21:39:29.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17133" CreationDate="2016-06-17T00:06:29.393" Score="6" ViewCount="3108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente en los libros y textos científicos, al escribir matemáticas, el separar fórmulas para resaltarlas. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SRjJm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SRjJm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los libros en inglés nunca escriben nada antes de dichas fórmulas. Mi profesor también me ha confirmado que no debo escribir dos puntos antes de las fórmulas, pero a mí no termina de gustarme como queda. En mi opinión queda mucho mejor así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5PwcL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5PwcL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la pregunta es simple: ¿cuál es la forma correcta de hacerlo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12809" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T00:17:35.920" LastActivityDate="2020-04-13T08:21:24.410" Title="¿Escribir dos puntos &quot;:&quot; antes de una fórmula matemática separada en un texto científico?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17116" CreationDate="2016-06-17T00:47:01.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando hacía mis documentos en LaTeX, solamente usaba &quot;:&quot; cuando iba a introducir un resultado final o bien, el inicio de un resultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si se va a poner a cada rato, es porque se quiere enfatizar nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es algo que quite el sueño, pero de todas formas es cuestión de gustos. No produce hoyos en el lenguaje ni tampoco lo esquilma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T00:47:01.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17122" CreationDate="2016-06-17T09:56:35.297" Score="12" ViewCount="1375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &quot;El maestro y Margarita&quot;, de Mijaíl Bulgákov (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16916/1674&quot;&gt;¡los nombres transcritos de otros alfabetos se acentúan!&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En él hay una construcción que me ha parecido incorrecta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Naturalmente, los nuevos inquilinos del condenado apartamento también&#xA;  fueron protagonistas &lt;strong&gt;de el diablo&lt;/strong&gt; sabe qué manejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Lo es? ¿Hay algún caso en el que sea válido? Yo tenía entendido que solamente lo es cuando lo que viene a continuación es un nombre propio, del tipo &quot;soy de El Salvador&quot;. Pero este no es el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T22:22:06.660" Title="¿Es correcto mantener &quot;de&quot; y &quot;el&quot; separados en algún caso?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17124" CreationDate="2016-06-17T10:06:52.520" Score="3" ViewCount="1182" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy ha surgido la duda sobre si existe algún antónimo de la palabra &lt;em&gt;superar&lt;/em&gt;, especialmente refiriéndose a valores numéricos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, cuando un valor &lt;em&gt;supera&lt;/em&gt; a otro, podemos decir que &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt; supera a &lt;code&gt;3&lt;/code&gt; o que es superior. ¿Hay algún equivalente inverso? ¿Algo que pueda expresarse con una sola palabra? 3 &lt;code&gt;{es inferior}&lt;/code&gt; a 5. Donde &lt;code&gt;{es inferior}&lt;/code&gt; es la palabra que busco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12790" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T11:18:47.113" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T11:36:40.050" Title="Antónimo de &quot;superar&quot;" Tags="&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17118" CreationDate="2016-06-17T10:24:55.800" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transcribo del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Dudas y Dificultades de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; de Manuel seco:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando la forma el va precedida de las preposiciones a y de, se&#xA;  producen las contracciones al y del, no solo en la pronunciación, sino&#xA;  también en la escritura: AL salir DEL colegio. Si el se escribe con&#xA;  mayúscula por formar parte de determinados nombres propios (—&gt; 6), la&#xA;  contracción no se suele realizar en la escritura, pero sí en la&#xA;  pronunciación: El monasterio de El Escorial, /del-&#xA;  -eskoriál/; Fueron a El Ferrol, /al-ferról/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T10:24:55.800" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17118" CreationDate="2016-06-17T10:52:13.327" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=del&quot;&gt;Esta excepción&lt;/a&gt; me ha sorprendido incluso a mí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en un enunciado coinciden dos secuencias consecutivas de la preposición y el artículo, se recomienda realizar la contracción solo en la segunda: &lt;em&gt;«Tasan el valor de la mercadotecnia por encima de el del marco institucional»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Excélsior&lt;/em&gt; [Méx.] 1.11.96).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más información en la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, apartado &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wncgkDzqmUlzyFzI&quot;&gt;14.3h&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T14:11:51.190" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T14:11:51.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17118" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:20:16.520" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso me parece correcto.  Es evidente que hay una pausa, aunque brevísima, porque la locución «el diablo sabe qué manejos» no es parte íntegra de la oración principal, sino un elemento exclamatorio nominal, y sin la pausa se lo entendería mentalmente así al escucharlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fueron protagonistas del diablo sabe qué manejos&#xA;  |         |         |    |      |&#xA;  |         |         |    |      ^ verbo con sujeto… ¿¿??&#xA;  |         |         |    ^ objeto del preposición «de»&#xA;  |         |         ^ locución preposicional que modifica «protagonistas»&#xA;  |         ^ predicado nominal que corresponde a «los inquilinos» &#xA;  ^ verbo con sujeto «los inquilinos»&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un caso curioso, porque normalmente se trata de no escribir la contracción pero sí pronunciarla, pero en este caso creo que como ni se la pronunciaría, escribirla sin contracción sería lo más adecuado.  Quizás si el autor hubiese puesto la locución así, no habría pregunta alguna:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;… fueron protagonistas de ¡el diablo sabe qué manejos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T11:38:48.890" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T11:38:48.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17119" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:22:49.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si es lo que buscas, pero a mí se me ocurre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 &lt;strong&gt;precede&lt;/strong&gt; a 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tuvu3IR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;preceder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no es exactamente un antónimo de &lt;em&gt;superar&lt;/em&gt;, cumple con los requisitos de decir lo contrario y es una única palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T11:22:49.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17119" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:36:40.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez podríamos usar &lt;em&gt;subyacer&lt;/em&gt; (de conjugación rarísima):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Yacer o estar debajo de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es transitivo y obliga una &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; como preposición de régimen &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;3 subyace a 5&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existe el verbo &lt;em&gt;desmerecer&lt;/em&gt; que se define como lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Ser inferior a otra con la cual se compara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También intransitivo, para su complemento, emplea la preposición de régime &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;3 desmerece de 5&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T11:36:40.050" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17126" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:50:58.417" Score="9" ViewCount="9344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consideremos el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres que le pregunte directamente... ¿Cuántos años tienes??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se explica por sí solo. ¿Debemos escribir doble signo de interrogación cuando queremos, por ejemplo, transcribir una pregunta dentro de otra pregunta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras opciones que se me ocurren es que no esté permitido escribir preguntas dentro de preguntas y que por tanto deba escribirse como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres que le pregunte directamente... Cuántos años tienes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O que no deba ponerse doble ??:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres que le pregunte directamente... ¿Cuántos años tienes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12809" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T08:59:29.680" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T06:18:49.947" Title="Preguntas dentro de preguntas: ¿Debemos escribir doble signo de interrogación al transcribir una pregunta dentro de otra pregunta?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17125" CreationDate="2016-06-17T12:13:27.643" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fundéu lo resolvió hace un tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/interrogacion-duplicacion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interrogación (duplicación)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pregunta: Tengo un título de una película que es una pregunta y va dentro de otra pregunta: «¿Has podido ver ¿Quién es el culpable? ?». Me han dicho que eso es incorrecto y que debo suprimir una de las interrogaciones, pero lo veo raro. ¿Existe tal norma ortográfica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Respuesta: Tal como lo ha escrito es correcto, como también sería correcto, digamos, «&lt;em&gt;¿¿Quién es el culpable? te gustó?&lt;/em&gt;». Es posible que quieran evitar dos signos iguales juntos o que haya uno en redonda pegado a otro en cursiva (porque se puedan superponer ligeramente, aunque con los medios actuales reajustar este posible problema es fácil).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay que señalar que el ortotipógrafo José Martínez de Sousa y, para el inglés, el manual de estilo de Chicago sí proponen la supresión de la segunda interrogación, pero no es realmente necesario e incluso puede resultar desconcertante que haya un signo de apertura que no tiene el correspondiente de cierre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17125/preguntas-dentro-de-preguntas#comment22928_17126&quot;&gt;comentario de Yay&lt;/a&gt; me hizo ver que la respuesta no es lo suficientemente completa, pues solo se refiere a este caso completo. Impelido por el ejemplo de Carlos Alejo, también escribí a la RAE consultándoselo. He aquí su respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En principio, no puede darse el caso de que aparezcan seguidos dos signos de interrogación de cierre pertenecientes a distintas preguntas. O bien la pregunta que se incluye dentro de otra se introduce como texto citado y, por tanto, debe aparecer entre comillas, o bien se trata de una interrogativa indirecta, y, por tanto se debe escribir sin signos de interrogación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no entendemos mal el ejemplo que propone, parece que en él la pregunta ¿Cuántos años tienes? se presenta como texto citado, es decir, como una pregunta ya hecha que se menciona. Si esto es así, debe escribirse entre comillas, con lo que los dos signos de interrogación de cierre quedan separados por las comillas de cierre: ¿Quieres que le pregunte directamente... «¿Cuántos años tienes?»?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otra opción sería considerar la pregunta como interrogativa indirecta, pero en ese caso el verbo de esta interrogativa debería aparecer en tercera persona en su ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;¿Quieres que le pregunte directamente... cuántos años tiene?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También podría darse el caso de que el título de una película, por ejemplo, fuera una pregunta y, por tanto, si apareciera al final de otra pregunta, nos encontraríamos con dos signos seguidos. No obstante, en ese caso, el signo de interrogación de cierre que forma parte del título de la película aparecería en cursiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;¿Has visto &lt;em&gt;¿Quién engañó a Roger Rabbit?&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para terminar, es conveniente indicar que, sin ser incorrectos, en todos estos ejemplos se obtienen resultados tipográficamente extraños, que conviene evitar en la medida de lo posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T08:24:02.940" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T08:24:02.940" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16789" CreationDate="2016-06-17T13:08:16.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Nota: esta es una breve hipótesis sobre su desarrollo histórico. Con respecto al auge moderno de la expresión, la propuesta de mcleod_ideafix me parece interesante.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt; se utiliza principalmente por el sector juvenil (sobre todo la juventud española), no está lejos del significado tradicional de la palabra. El latín &quot;fortis&quot; ya poseía algunos significados del mismo campo semántico que la expresión actual, tales como &quot;intenso&quot;, &quot;sustancioso&quot;, &quot;drástico&quot; o &quot;épico&quot;, aunque no todas estas expresiones se aplicaban a hazañas tanto como a la comida, a la percepción sensorial (luces, sonido) o al estilo literario&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. El salto mental de algo intenso para, por ejemplo, los sentidos, a algo intenso para las emociones parece más que probable. Si una salsa es fuerte, impacta sobre las papilas gustativas; si una luz es fuerte, impacta sobre los ojos; y si una noticia es fuerte, impacta sobre las emociones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A finales de la Edad Media ya aparecen algunos ejemplos de la palabra &quot;fuerte&quot; usada en el sentido de &quot;intenso&quot; o &quot;impactante&quot; en un plano emocional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[E]l Rey, abaxada la cabeça, estovo callando un grand rato e dixo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¡O &lt;strong&gt;qué fuerte cosa&lt;/strong&gt; e dura sería a mí conversar con tal mortal enemigo mío, que me quitó la lunbre de mis ojos!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;García de Salazar, Lope (1471 - 1476). &lt;em&gt;Istoria de las bienandanzas e fortunas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay varios ejemplos en el CORDE de &quot;fuerte lance&quot; en los años 1630, 1676, 1687, 1740 y 1764:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En buen empeño se halla&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la autoridad con el brío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En &lt;strong&gt;fuerte lance&lt;/strong&gt; me veo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con mi yerno y con mi amigo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bances Candamo, Francisco (1687). &lt;em&gt;Por su rey y por su dama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE describe &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mrp6d72&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lance&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;suceso, acontecimiento, situación interesante o notable&quot;, por lo que no puede ser físicamente &quot;fuerte&quot;: solo queda la interpretación de &quot;intenso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, la misma expresión existe en italiano (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cavoli-che-forte.1888978/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;che forte!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) y en francés (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cest-trop-fort.1231504/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;trop fort!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), aunque en ambos idiomas solo se conservó la acepción positiva, esto es: &quot;genial&quot;, &quot;alucinante&quot;. He preguntado sobre el origen de la expresión en ambos idiomas: en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://italian.stackexchange.com/questions/6982/etimologia-origine-dellespressione-che-forte&quot;&gt;sitio italiano&lt;/a&gt; no se apoya la idea de que guarde relación con el étimo latino (aunque yo no estoy de acuerdo con esa conclusión), mientras que en &lt;a href=&quot;https://french.stackexchange.com/questions/19301/origine-%C3%A9tymologie-de-l-expression-trop-fort&quot;&gt;el francés&lt;/a&gt; sí se hace un mayor seguimiento de su etimología. Dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://french.stackexchange.com/users/3177/survenant-lazurite&quot;&gt;@SurvenantLazurite&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://french.stackexchange.com/a/19358/10449&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se usa también para aquello que &lt;em&gt;expresa un poder de orden intelectual o moral&lt;/em&gt;, aplicado a una cosa, y &lt;em&gt;que sorprende o choca por su carácter insólito o excesivo. Sinónimos: exagerado, escandaloso, inadmisible, increíble&lt;/em&gt;, en expresiones coloquiales: &lt;em&gt;C'est fort, un peu fort, trop fort; le plus fort est que; c'est un peu fort de café&lt;/em&gt; [= difícil de admitir o creer, exagerado]; &lt;em&gt;c'est plus fort que de jouer au bouchon&lt;/em&gt; [= increíble, sorprendente]. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/fort&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TLFi&lt;/a&gt;, III, B, 4.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la misma respuesta, se reporta desde el siglo XIV el sentido de &quot;fort&quot; de excesivo o exagerado, y desde 1692 en la expresión &quot;c'est fort&quot;. También se usaba en francés &quot;fort&quot; para describir lo que va más allá de lo normal por extensión, según el autor, de &quot;más acentuado/intenso que los demás&quot;, para más tarde adquirir el sentido connotativo de &quot;mejor que los demás&quot; o &quot;mejor de lo que el hablante se esperaba&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la expresión española puede haber seguido un desarrollo similar al francés, aunque más limitado en sus connotaciones. Si &quot;¡qué fuerte!&quot; expresa algo positivo o negativo suele ir definido por el contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He ganado la lotería! ¡Qué fuerte, no me lo puedo creer!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se han filtrado fotos del presidente sobornando a un juez. ¡Qué fuerte, lo que hay que ver!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que es seguro es que expresa sorpresa, intensidad, exageración y/o incredulidad, y en este sentido está muy cerca de las expresiones italiana y francesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Dizionario latino Olivetti, de la respuesta de Alessandro Omano en Italian.SE &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:59:26.727" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T06:42:37.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17128" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17131" CreationDate="2016-06-17T16:39:28.817" Score="8" ViewCount="16298" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos palabras me parecen iguales. Tampoco podía encontrar una diferencia saliente en el diccionario. ¿Existe alguna diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T18:53:08.107" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T21:04:02.640" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;refrán&quot; y &quot;proverbio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17129" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-17T16:50:15.223" Score="3" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to translate &lt;code&gt;'...this shows that 'Jack' (still) has much support'&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best and correct way (style of writing). It doesn't have to be translated 'literally'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jack tiene el máximo apoyo del público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esto demuestra que Jack todavía tiene mucho apoyo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se nota que Jack aún tiene mucho apoyo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best and most powerful combination? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T19:26:12.577" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T00:33:52.063" Title="How do you say &quot;x still has much support&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17129" CreationDate="2016-06-17T17:19:51.830" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto muestra que Jack aún tiene mucho apoyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pure and simple. Don't complicate yourself on finding perfect translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your last two attempts work fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use the &lt;em&gt;present perfect&lt;/em&gt; to introduce a completed action with a result in the present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto muestra que Jack ha tenido mucho apoyo = Aún lo tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, a rephrased sentence with a result in the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T00:33:52.063" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T00:33:52.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17128" CreationDate="2016-06-17T18:29:45.953" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin consultar la RAE u otro diccionario oficial diría que, aunque ambos términos puedan ser considerados sinónimos, la &lt;strong&gt;connotación&lt;/strong&gt; de cada uno sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;refrán: es un dicho &lt;strong&gt;popular&lt;/strong&gt; y coloquial, o consejo sobre cualquier cosa, banal o importante. Suele rimar, para hacerlo más &quot;pegadizo&quot; o fácil de recordar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;proverbio: es un poco más serio que el refrán. No suele dar consejo sobre cosas banales, sino de contenido más &quot;moral&quot; o sobre &quot;ética&quot;. De hecho creo que &quot;Proverbios&quot; es uno de los libros de la Biblia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marzo ventoso y abril lluvioso sacan a mayo florido y hermoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es un refrán. Rima y es fácil de recordar. Habla sobre el tiempo atmosférico, recordándote que en cada mes el tiempo es como es y que si en abril llueve mucho ya en mayo tendrás buen tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un proverbio es algo más serio que eso. Es como para dar un sermón, amonestar o enseñar de una forma menos coloquial y más severa que el refrán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T21:04:02.640" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T21:04:02.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17116" CreationDate="2016-06-17T22:20:07.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Ustanak cubre perfectamente lo dicho. Solamente como referencia, y para que no quede relegado entre los comentarios, indicaré que esto se debatió en &lt;a href=&quot;https://tex.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;TeX&lt;/a&gt; (otro sitio de &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;a href=&quot;https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/7542/108315&quot;&gt;For formal articles, should a displayed equation be followed by a punctuation to conform to the language grammar?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es que no, citando el libro &lt;a href=&quot;http://tex.loria.fr/typographie/mathwriting.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mathematical Writing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Donald E. Knuth, Tracy Larrabee y Paul M. Roberts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don’t overdo the use of colons. While the colon in ‘Deﬁne it as&#xA;  follows:’ is ﬁne, the one in ‘We have: ⟨formula⟩’ should be omitted&#xA;  since the formula just completes the sentence. Some papers had more&#xA;  colons than periods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, este documento me está pareciendo interesantísimo. Su lectura no depara demasiadas sorpresas para quien haya tratado con textos matemáticos, pero es bonito ver la racionalización de la escritura para que sea lo más práctica posible. Uno podría objetar que este documento se refiere al inglés, pero yo contra-objeto con que la escritura científica –y sobre todo matemática– tiene un estilo estándar, independiente del idioma en que se escriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto de las respuestas en TeX ofrecen referencias muy válidas, incluyendo otra que enlaza con una tercera comunidad de Stack Exchange, &lt;a href=&quot;https://mathoverflow.net/&quot;&gt;MathOverflow&lt;/a&gt;, en la que bajo la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://mathoverflow.net/q/6675&quot;&gt;Periods and commas in mathematical writing&lt;/a&gt; empieza el debate con algo un poco diferente a lo que estamos contestando aquí. En este caso, si tras la fórmula debería añadirse un signo de puntuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la &lt;a href=&quot;https://mathoverflow.net/a/6683&quot;&gt;primera respuesta&lt;/a&gt; da una referencia que es a la que implícitamente ya llegamos aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tautology 2.3.1&lt;/strong&gt; — A mathematical text is, before everything else, a text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;from Michèle Audin's &lt;em&gt;Conseils aux auteurs de textes mathématiques&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  which you can get from her webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que resumiendo: escribe la fórmula como si fuera un texto normal. Luego, hazla lucir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-04-13T08:21:24.410" LastActivityDate="2020-04-13T08:21:24.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17135" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-18T16:07:11.267" Score="0" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a water park where we have lots of spanish only speaking kids. They run and just saying &quot;No Corre&quot; doesn't not only work. With english speaking kids, we tell them why we don't want them to do something. I'd like to do the same for spanish speaking kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12971" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T20:40:11.913" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T13:57:02.670" Title="How would you say &quot;Don't run, because I don't want you to slip and get hurt&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2016-06-18T16:55:57.240" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a grammatical point of view, &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; is always followed by a direct object (the verb always refers to a person, place, thing, or idea), whereas &lt;em&gt;mirar&lt;/em&gt; is never followed by a noun. (Example: Mira aquí! - Look here! ► 'aquí (here)' is an adverb describing 'Mira (look)').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12972" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T20:43:15.853" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T20:43:15.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17135" CreationDate="2016-06-18T17:03:12.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;corras&lt;/strong&gt;, no vayas a &lt;strong&gt;resbalarte&lt;/strong&gt; (y hacerte daño).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T13:57:02.670" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T13:57:02.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17135" CreationDate="2016-06-18T17:06:18.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Negative imperatives in Spanish are always invoked by using the subjunctive mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't run = No corras/corran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the indicative is used, it means we are stating a fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the construction &lt;em&gt;want + subject + infinitive&lt;/em&gt; invokes the subjunctive mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want you to slip = No quiero que te/se &lt;strong&gt;resbales&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;resbalen&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the last part, &lt;em&gt;get hurt = lastimar&lt;/em&gt;, so with the subjunctive implied, putting all together we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't run, because I don't want you to slip and get hurt = No corran/corras, porque no quiero que se/te resbalen/resbales y (se/te) lastimen/lastimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T17:06:18.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2016-06-19T05:58:44.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ni modo&quot; is a colloquialism in Latin America. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean &quot;No way&quot; or &quot;Absolutely not&quot;. Also, &quot;Oh well&quot;, &quot;whatever&quot;... It is used in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12976" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T15:00:46.563" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T15:00:46.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2016-06-19T22:26:07.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico, we have definitions of schools by level and age-range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuela&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;school&quot;, age-range doesn't matter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuela primaria&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;primary school&quot;.  Usually, it ranges from Kindergarten to 5th grade.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuela intermedia&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;middle school&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuela secundaria&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;liceo&lt;/strong&gt; both mean &quot;high school&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colegio&lt;/strong&gt; refers to &quot;college&quot;.  It also means &quot;university&quot;.  This identifies an institution of higher-level education.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Universidad&lt;/strong&gt; is a synonym to colegio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;COLEGIO IS NOT HIGH SCHOOL!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I'm Puerto Rican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T13:55:17.207" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T13:55:17.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16837" CreationDate="2016-06-20T03:57:35.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A decir verdad has puesto a trabajar mis neuronas. Soy hispanohablante (nativo) y nunca antes había necesitado establecer la diferencia entre estas dos palabras. Hace días vengo “imaginando” esta respuesta y bueno, aquí te dejo el resultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas palabras tienen diversos significados, algunos no se asemejan para nada, pero otros sí. Y es ese el caso en donde ambas palabras, si se quisieran traducir al inglés, podrían traducirse como “to tell”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, algunos significados particulares (es decir, que no se traducirían con “to tell”) para cada palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(1)&lt;/strong&gt; Numerar o computar cosas. Ej.: “contar las ventanas de un edificio”; “contar los vagones de un tren”;  o simplemente “contar (hasta diez, hasta veinte, etc.).” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se podría traducir como “to count”. En el ejemplo: “to count the windows...”; “to count the wagons...”; “to count (to ten...).”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los primeros dos ejemplos puede reemplazarse &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;count&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;enumerate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, y en el tercero por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;recite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (numbers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(2)&lt;/strong&gt; Disponer de algo o de alguien, tener confianza sobre algo o alguien. Ej.: “Puedes contar conmigo...”; “Ellos cuentan con que todos nosotros creemos...”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se podría traducir como “to count on”. En el ejemplo: “You can count on me...”; “They count on all of us to create...”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos puedes reemplazar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;count&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rely&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(1)&lt;/strong&gt; Nombrar, llamar. Ej.: “Ellos dijeron mi nombre.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se podría traducir como “to say”. En el ejemplo: “They said my name.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(2)&lt;/strong&gt; Dicho de un libro o de un escrito. Ej.: “La escritura dice...”; “El informe dice que...”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también se puede traducir como “to say”. En el ejemplo: “The scripture says...”; “The report says...”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, esta parte de la respuesta va a ser como un deja-vu de lo que ya te han respondido antes (quizás aclare algo, quizás no). La palabra “&lt;strong&gt;contar&lt;/strong&gt;” se utiliza para &lt;strong&gt;relatar&lt;/strong&gt; (sinónimo de “contar”) un hecho real o un hecho ficticio. En el primer caso puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; algo que sucedió hace años en un viaje, hace un día en algún bar, o hace media hora mientras te bañabas. En el segundo caso, puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; un chiste o una historia del género que más te guste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, la palabra “&lt;strong&gt;decir&lt;/strong&gt;” se utiliza para expresar algo, un pensamiento, un sentimiento, una opinión, entre otros. Puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decirle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien que se ve lindo con lo que trae puesto, puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decirle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien que lo quieres mucho (o que no lo quieres en absoluto), puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que tienes frío, puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; “ay”, “ey”, “a” (palabras al azar), puedes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; cosas sin sentido, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que, si bien podemos establecer estas reglas, hay casos en los que necesitarás utilizar una especie de criterio personal para elegir la palabra correcta, y eso te lo dará la experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberte ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12931" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T03:57:35.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17142" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17143" CreationDate="2016-06-20T07:49:34.530" Score="1" ViewCount="1829" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se oye con frecuencia la construcción &lt;strong&gt;tiempo material&lt;/strong&gt;, generalmente para mencionar la ausencia de él:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zir6Ipf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no tener tiempo material&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. No disponer del que estrictamente se necesita para algo. &lt;em&gt;No tuve tiempo material para escribirte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me suena normal porque lo he oído toda la vida. Ahora bien, conceptualmente me parece algo raro: ¿cómo puede ser material algo intangible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No sería más correcto enfatizar la ausencia de tiempo con algo así como &quot;No tuve tiempo &lt;em&gt;en absoluto&lt;/em&gt; para...&quot; o alguna construcción similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T08:17:53.663" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T08:23:46.707" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;tiempo material&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17142" CreationDate="2016-06-20T08:17:37.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una acepción de &lt;em&gt;material&lt;/em&gt; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ObWToYw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;material&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;materiālis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Opuesto a lo espiritual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin entrar en discusiones acerca de qué es el tiempo, que los físicos aún están tratando de esclarecer qué es, el tiempo será intangible pero desde luego es algo real, y por tanto es opuesto a lo espiritual. Así que no es descabellado hablar de &lt;em&gt;tiempo material&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre tu opción alternativa: a mí me suena que &quot;no tuve tiempo en absoluto&quot; significa &quot;no tuve nada de tiempo disponible&quot;, mientras que &quot;no tuve tiempo material&quot; significa &quot;tuve algo de tiempo pero no el suficiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre que lo has oído toda la vida: en Ngram &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tiempo%20material&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctiempo%20material%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;se puede ver&lt;/a&gt; que empezó a usarse en la primera mitad del siglo XIX (lo anterior son falsos positivos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T08:23:46.707" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T08:23:46.707" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17148" CreationDate="2016-06-20T09:05:55.680" Score="5" ViewCount="21174" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dada mi reciente afición por los árboles genealógicos, me veo con la duda de saber cuál es la forma correcta de referirse a los antepasados de uno más allá de la cuarta generación. Hasta ahora, tengo las siguientes opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La &quot;de toda la vida&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4ª generación: tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5ª generación: tatara-tatarabuelo (no sé si con o sin guión)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6ª generación: tatara-tatara-tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La &quot;base 4&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4ª generación: tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5ª generación: padre de tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8ª generación: tatarabuelo de tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;9ª generación: padre de tatarabuelo de tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La &quot;directa&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4ª generación: tatarabuelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5ª generación: ancestro directo (5 generaciones)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6ª generación: ancestro directo (6 generaciones)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera supongo que es como la versión inglesa &lt;em&gt;great-great-great-grandfather&lt;/em&gt;. Fácil de aprender pero liosa cuando te vas muy para atrás. La segunda opción me parece fácil de usar como una especie de sistema de numeración en base 4, pero también difícil si te vas aún más para atrás (abuelo de tatarabuelo de tatarabuelo de tatarabuelo de...). Es la que uso yo principalmente cuando hablo con otras personas acerca de mi árbol. La tercera opción me parece la más simple y directa, útil para cualquier número de generaciones atrás, pero pierde la gracia de usar términos específicos. Es la que usa, por ejemplo, la web de MyHeritage donde tengo mi árbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma recomendada? Y como extra, ¿hay palabras en español para referirse a antepasados anteriores al tatarabuelo? Ya sea que hayan caído en desuso o sean completamente desconocidas...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T14:28:57.563" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:28:57.563" Title="Palabras para antepasados lejanos" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;&lt;genealogía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17161" CreationDate="2016-06-20T10:32:48.457" Score="13" ViewCount="2034" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que, al igual que yo, mucha gente en este foro habrá visto algún capítulo de &lt;em&gt;El Ministerio del Tiempo&lt;/em&gt;. En esta serie viajan al pasado dentro de España, hasta tiempos tan remotos como el siglo XIII. Sin embargo, la forma en que se representa el español hablado en aquellas fechas varía del nuestro simplemente en la elección de palabras para expresar algunos conceptos: la gramática se mantiene intacta, y los viajeros del tiempo pueden comunicarse con personas de dichos siglos sin levantar la más mínima sospecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mas basta con leer una &lt;a href=&quot;http://quijote.bne.es/libro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primera edición del Quijote&lt;/a&gt; para ver que las formas de construir las frases ya difieren notablemente de las de hoy, y que algunas construcciones pueden ser difíciles de entender para un hablante actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y aun a riesgo de generar un debate que no tenga respuesta, pongamos como bases lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El viajero del tiempo sabe qué palabras usar en cada época (ejemplo, &quot;vuestra merced&quot; en lugar de &quot;usted&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El viajero del tiempo no va a usar tiempos verbales extremadamente complejos (como el futuro de subjuntivo) ni va a entrar en conversaciones demasiado temáticas, sólo charla de la calle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El viajero del tiempo no tiene amplios conocimientos de la cultura o contextos históricos del momento al que viaja, sólo ideas generales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La diferencia temporal de acentos se puede explicar de la misma forma que la diferencia espacial (diciendo que eres de otro sitio), por lo que no importan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se supone un periodo de adaptación de uno o dos días para que el viajero del tiempo se adapte a las peculiaridades de la época.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué año podríamos irnos atrás en el tiempo y llegar a entendernos sin demasiados problemas con los &lt;em&gt;nativos&lt;/em&gt; de la época? No importaría el hecho de que nos mirasen raro por las diferencias, no se trata de hacerse pasar por nativo. ¿El español de la calle en el siglo XVI (por poner) era realmente tan parecido al nuestro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T15:47:11.097" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T03:44:07.947" Title="¿Podría un hispanohablante actual entenderse bien con uno del pasado?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17160" CreationDate="2016-06-20T13:30:55.983" Score="0" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Smart Spanish for Tontos Americanos&quot;, it says that a person from Northern Baja California is called a &quot;bajacaliforniano(a)&quot; whereas someone from Southern Baja California is called a &quot;sudcaliforniano(a)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is a person from the southern part of the state of California in the United States called - someone from L.A. or San Diego or Redlands or such?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T13:32:26.957" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T08:04:23.740" Title="How to differentiate between a resident of southern California and a resident of southern Baja California?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-20T15:36:11.467" Score="3" ViewCount="445" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was surprised to see that normal punctuation rules apply after a closing em dash (raya de cierre). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esperaba a Emilio —un gran amigo—, que, lamentablemente, no vino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a comma after the dash [—,], which would be incorrect in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm doing a typographic revision of a book in English and Spanish, and have noticed that the author doesn't apply that rule with parentheses. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si desea más información sobre este tema (la bibliografía es bastante extensa —incluso en español), deberá acudir a otras fuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that second example an error? Should it be &quot;... en español—), deberá ...&quot; Or does the rule about punctuation not apply for a closing parentheses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12985" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T15:58:39.510" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:08:10.297" Title="Punctuation after Em Dash (raya)?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17144" CreationDate="2016-06-20T16:51:02.137" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque solo llega al grado 5 de parentesco la respuesta que buscas la tiene wikipedia en el articulo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nomenclatura_de_parentesco_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anexo:Nomenclatura de parentesco en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien encuentra un nombre específico para el 6 grado tal vez lo puede aportar aquí y también al artículo de wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cito la tabla de contenido del artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2  Parientes consanguíneos de ego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1    Ascendencia de ego en línea directa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.1  Padres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.2  Abuelos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.3  Bisabuelos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.4  Tatarabuelos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nomenclatura_de_parentesco_en_espa%C3%B1ol#Trastatarabuelos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.1.5 Trastatarabuelos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2    Descendencia de ego en línea directa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.1  Hijos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.2  Nietos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.3  Bisnietos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.4  Tataranietos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2.5  Trastataranietos, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=91AUweV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;choznos&lt;/a&gt; o cuadrinietos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nomenclatura_de_parentesco_en_espa%C3%B1ol#Bichoznos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.2.6 Bichoznos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T19:58:28.430" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17147" CreationDate="2016-06-20T18:00:19.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=raya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has an article on dashes (which, from your example, I see you've already read). Usage of em dashes in Spanish is pretty much restricted to &lt;em&gt;incisos&lt;/em&gt; (parentheticals) and for punctuating interventions in a dialogue or quotation. When it is used to set off a parenthetical, stops/periods, parentheses, question/exclamation marks or any other punctuation mark are still necessary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La raya de cierre en los incisos no se suprime aunque detrás de ella deba aparecer un punto o &lt;strong&gt;cualquier otro signo de puntuación&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esperaba a Emilio —un gran amigo—. Lamentablemente, no vino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esperaba a Emilio —un gran amigo—, que, lamentablemente, no vino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;From &lt;em&gt;DPD&lt;/em&gt;; emphasis added.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentence should read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si desea más información sobre este tema (la bibliografía es bastante extensa —incluso en español—), deberá acudir a otras fuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: parentheses are no exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T18:08:10.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17145" CreationDate="2016-06-20T21:05:11.360" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión. (Esto probablemente debería ir en los comentarios pero lo pongo aquí porque es extenso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace un tiempo vi una comedia puertorriqueña muy mala por Netflix y me vi obligado a activar los subtítulos. Yo soy chileno y la verdad no estaba entendiendo nada. Me imagino que algunos vecinos (Miami, República Dominicana, tal vez Colombia) entenderán fácilmente el español coloquial de Puerto Rico, pero a mí se me hace difícil. Sin embargo entiendo a las mil maravillas a los argentinos, que son tan &quot;raros&quot; que incluso conjugan distinto al resto de los hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A qué voy. El tiempo es sólo uno de los factores de variación de español. Las variaciones formal/informal y culto/inculto pueden ser enormes. La gracia está en que el idioma español es &lt;em&gt;un solo sistema&lt;/em&gt;. Si nos exponemos a una variedad extraña (p.ej. al español del siglo XV) no necesitamos &quot;aprender&quot; esa variedad, sino que solo necesitamos &quot;acostumbrarnos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, para responder a tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español antiguo es tan distinto para mí como lo podría ser cualquier dialecto español con el que no tengo contacto, por poner mi caso, la variedad de Filipinas, o la variedad informal inculta de Nicaragua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando me encuentre con un hablante del español del siglo XIII (o con el filipino del siglo XXI) necesitaremos un tiempo breve para poder comunicarnos perfectamente. Y con breve me refiero a unas pocas horas. La fonética es casi instantánea, es como aprender a leer una nueva tipografía. El vocabulario es irrelevante, es cosa de preguntar qué quiere decir tal palabra. Lo más difícil es la gramática, pero la gramática &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; el español y está inscrita en nuestra mente desde los 3 años de edad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si busco hacia atrás en el tiempo y llego a un punto en el que no entiendo una jota, eso no es español, es latín.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T21:35:42.827" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T21:35:42.827" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17145" CreationDate="2016-06-20T23:44:35.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una pregunta imposible de responder si hablas de acento, palabras, e incluso conocimiento cultural. Mi humilde opinión: sin viajar en el tiempo, solo cruzando de un lado a otro dentro de un país, entre dos ciudades cercanas, o incluso entre dos barrios dentro de una misma ciudad, vas a encontrar diferencias en todos esos aspectos. Ni qué decir si agregas un viaje en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12989" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T23:44:35.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12663" CreationDate="2016-06-20T23:49:44.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Flaca&quot; puede usarse en muchos contextos. En el caso de la canción, pienso que la está llamando por la forma cómo siempre la llamó de cariño, como también pudo ser &quot;Lola&quot;, &quot;Gordita&quot;, &quot;Mi amor&quot;, o cualquier variante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo si haces el cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lola no me claves&#xA;tus puñales&#xA;por la espalda&#xA;tan profundo&#xA;no me duelen&#xA;no me hacen mal&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sentido sigue siendo el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12989" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T23:49:44.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3331" CreationDate="2016-06-20T23:55:17.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;brasilero&quot; is accepted by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=63fLXVg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua&lt;/a&gt;. So, you can use it instead of &quot;brasileño&quot; without any problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recommendation: when you doubt about a word, just check it at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es&lt;/a&gt;. To be honest, I always thought that &quot;brasilero&quot; was wrong but it turns out that is correct.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12989" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T06:44:42.763" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T06:44:42.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12246" CreationDate="2016-06-21T06:46:49.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having lived three years in Mexico, I heard both &quot;de nada&quot; and &quot;por nada&quot; used for the English &quot;you're welcome&quot;. &quot;De&quot; can mean either &quot;from&quot; or &quot;of&quot;, while &quot;por&quot; means &quot;for&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things do not always translate literally between languages, but think of both of these as meaning &quot;It was nothing&quot;, or &quot;Don't mention it&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, think of the poor Spanish speaker learning English, trying to figure out why they shouldn't mention something!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12990" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T09:15:48.017" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T09:15:48.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17162" CreationDate="2016-06-21T07:56:41.140" Score="11" ViewCount="21438" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la jerga de internet, es muy común usar el anglicismo &quot;hater&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últimamente Twitter está lleno de &lt;strong&gt;haters&lt;/strong&gt;: cada vez que alguien&#xA;  publica algo sobre el partido X, lo critican sin misericordia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hater&quot; se traduce como &lt;em&gt;persona que odia&lt;/em&gt;, pero la connotación es de un odio ligero, muy visceral pero circunscrito al ámbito de lo escrito, sin llegar a la violencia: Alguien puede ser un hater de un lenguaje de programación, un jugador de fútbol o vete a saber qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si hay alguna palabra en castellana que quiera decir lo mismo. Se me ocurrió decir &lt;em&gt;odioso&lt;/em&gt;, porque los haters lo son, pero esto se referiría a lo que se odia, y no a la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos, ¿cómo traduciríais &quot;&lt;em&gt;haters gonna hate&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? ¿&quot;Los que odian van a odiar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gvKSd.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gvKSd.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T22:09:28.573" Title="¿&quot;Hater&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17146" CreationDate="2016-06-21T08:04:23.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As indicated in comments, México has two regions with this name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baja_California&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Baja California (Norte)&lt;/a&gt;, whose demonym is &quot;&lt;em&gt;bajacaliforniano/a&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baja_California_Sur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Baja California Sur&lt;/a&gt;, whose demonym is &quot;&lt;em&gt;sudcaliforniano/a&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MDl4n.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MDl4n.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to know how to call people from the south of &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/California&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;California&lt;/a&gt;, in United States. People from that state are called &quot;&lt;em&gt;californiano/a&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but there is no such demonym to refer to a part of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For such cases, we use &lt;em&gt;del sur&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;del norte&lt;/em&gt; or whatever. So, in this case, I would go for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;californiano del sur&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This gives us, Spanish speakers, a very clear view of the situation: you mention the gentilic and then add the cardinal point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T08:04:23.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17145" CreationDate="2016-06-21T08:49:11.267" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el texto más antiguo conocido en lengua castellana son las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glosas_Emilianenses&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Glosas emilianenses&lt;/a&gt;, una serie de anotaciones de los siglos X y XI escritas en castellano y vasco al margen de un texto en latín. Aquí hay un fragmento, cortesía de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Glosas_Emilianenses&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikisource&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qv8pw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qv8pw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Versión original: Con o aiutorio de nuestro dueno Christo dueno / salbatore, qual dueno / get ena honore et qual / duenno tienet ela / mandatione con o / patre con o spiritu sancto / en os sieculos de lo siecu / los. Facanos Deus Omnipotes / tal serbitio fere ke / denante ela sua face / gaudioso segamus. Amen. // Versión actual: Con la ayuda de nuestro Señor Don Cristo Don / Salvador, Señor que está en el honor y / Señor que tiene el / mandato con el / Padre con el Espíritu Santo / en los siglos de los siglos. / Háganos Dios omnipotente / hacer tal servicio que / delante de su faz / gozosos seamos. Amén&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suponiendo que la persona con la que te encuentres hable un registro similar al de nuestro monje, con un poco de esfuerzo y tras acostumbrarse a sus particularidades habría que ver si la comunicación es posible. También ayuda que se conozcan otros idiomas romances peninsulares como el portugués, gallego, catalán o asturiano, o extrapeninsulares como el italiano o rumano, para rellenar los huecos que el castellano no cubra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, hay algunas controversias acerca de si las Glosas emilianenses fueron realmente escritas en castellano o algún dialecto hispánico. Aquí hay un texto que es más claramente castellano, aunque dos siglos posterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;543&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sj alguna christiana fiziere fornjçio con judio o con moro o con omne de otra ley, seyendo fallados en el fecho, o si les fuere sabido por pesquisa derecha, amos ssean quemados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sj alguno que fuere sieruo de otro casare con la mugier daquel cuyo sieruo fue, amos mueran por ello, tan bien ella commo el.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sj alguna mugier prennada, por qual culpa quier que ffaga fuere judgada amuerte o a pena del cuerpo, non ssea justiçiada njn aya pena ninguna en su [f. 92v] cuerpo fasta que sea parida. Mas si debda alguna deuiere &amp;amp; non ouier de que la pagar, rrecabdenla por prision o por otra guisa, sin pena de su cuerpo, fasta que pague la debda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo (c 1196). &lt;em&gt;Fuero de Soria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este se entiende un poco mejor, pero habría que ver si la pronunciación permitiría la comprensión. Yo entiendo el portugués escrito, pero no el portugués hablado; y algo similar me ocurre con el francés. Que entienda el contenido del texto no significa necesariamente que sea capaz de mantener una conversación hablada en el castellano de la misma época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos algunos otros textos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Las partidas deuen prometer la una a la otra la pena que es en el conpromisso puesta, et si aqueilla pena fuere prometida al árbitro, tenido es el árbitro, et ante la pena dada, et depués, a cada una de las partidas contra la otra, de leixar el pleito quoando quiere que aqueilla partida lo demandare, (17) sobre esto ni aqueill árbitro aurá algo d'aqueilla pena, ante, si demandare la pena o partida d'aqueilla pena d'aqueilla partida que non quiere obedir en iuditio ho fuera de iuditio, deue dar todo aqueillo que demandare a la partida que quiere obedir.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo (c 1250). &lt;em&gt;Vidal Mayor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sigujent mjentre es a dezir de los sortores. Mando encara que, si algún sortor de las cosas que le fueren dadas a obrar cameará o furtará et prouado'l fuere, péchelo asín como ladrón; si non, jure solo, si le oujere sospecha, et sea credido. Que algunos d'ellos suelen a las deuegadas alguna cosa de los pannyos furtar o de las pielles o de la orla. Mas si el sennor de la obra o de las uesteduras prouar non lo pudiere et el dannyo fuere de V sueldos asuso, el sortor sáluese así como de furto, segunt razón del dannyo; de V sueldos ayuso, así como es dicho, jure solo.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo (c 1300). &lt;em&gt;Fuero de Teruel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estando este Çid Ruy Díaz en la su çibdad de Valençia, el grand soldán de Persia, porque oyera dezir de las grandes vondades d'él en el fecho de las armas qu'el Çid fazía e cómo nunca fuera vençido de moros ni de cristianos e cómo ganara la çibdad de Valençia e otros muchos castillos, ovo sabor de ser su amigo e enbió a él un cavallero mucho onrado, que era su pariente, con muchos nobles dones, con sus cartas de muchas palabras amigables e de grande amor. E como el Çid sopo su venida, saliólo a reçebir con toda su gente noblemente vestidos, e sus cavallos e armas con sus pajes a par de sí, que eran más de mil D cavalleros, a una legua de Valençia, que encontraron aquel moro con su noble conpañía.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;García de Salazar, Lope (1471 - 1476). &lt;em&gt;Istoria de las bienandanzas e fortunas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Si dizes que para acordarte de Dios no has menester ymagines, es verdad, y no te las dan para esso, sino para que te mueba a effectos la representazion de la deydad que reuerenziamos y del Señor que amamos sobre todo bien; como los enamorados, que el retrato de su dama no le trahen para acordarse de ella, pues ya presume memoria el acordarse que le trae para sacarle: trahelo sòlo para deleytarse con la parte que se le conçede del bien ausente. Dizes tanbien que Cristo pagò por todos, y que no ay sino viuir como quisieremos, porque el que me hizo a mì sin mì, me saluarà a mì sin mì. Bien que me hizo sin mì, pero hecho, siente que se destruya su hobra, manche su pintura y vorre su ymagen.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quevedo y Villegas, Francisco de (1608). &lt;em&gt;Sueño del Infierno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La facilidad para comprender el texto aumenta, evidentemente, según las fechas se van acercando a la actual. Yo personalmente considero que el castellano del siglo XVIII, tomando solo los documentos escritos, es prácticamente indistinguible del español actual, o no se distingue del mismo más que, por ejemplo, algún dialecto hispanoamericano. Hasta entonces, la evolución del castellano se ha dado en un proceso gradual, por lo que a partir de cuándo se empieza a comprender es difícil de decir, y (pura especulación) tendría que ser en algún momento entre el siglo X y el XV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe, en realidad, un texto aún más antiguo al de las Glosas: los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartularios_de_Valpuesta&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cartularios de Valpuesta&lt;/a&gt;, del siglo IX. He aquí un fragmento del año 844 con su traducción (más ejemplos en el enlace):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;...in loco que uocitant Elzeto cum fueros de totas nostras absque aliquis uis causa, id est, de illa costegera de Valle Conposita usque ad illa uinea de Ual Sorazanes et deinde ad illo plano de Elzeto et ad Sancta Maria de Uallelio usque ad illa senra de Pobalias (...), posuimus inter nos fuero que nos fratres poniamus custodiero de Sancta Maria de Valle Conpossita...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;...en el lugar que llaman Elicedo con fueros de todas las nuestras excepto alguna causa de fuerza, esto es, de la costera de Valpuesta hasta la viña de Val Sorazanes y de allí al llano de Elicedo y a Santa María de Vallejo hasta la sierra de Pobalias (...), hemos puesto entre nosotros fuero que nosotros hermanos pongamos guardián de Santa María de Valpuesta...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace explica algunos cambios, tanto gráficos y fonéticos (f &amp;gt; h, x &amp;gt; ç, u &amp;gt; o, etc.) como sintácticos (se abandonan los casos latinos, se favorece la estructura sujeto-verbo-complementos, plural con &amp;quot;s&amp;quot;, etc.), que alejan al texto del latín y lo acercan al castellano. Basándose en los textos presentados, es un tanto optimista pensar que pueda haber comunicación entre un hispanoparlante del siglo IX y uno moderno. Es igualmente difícil en el año 1000 (&lt;em&gt;Glosas emilianas&lt;/em&gt;), y parece que se vuelve algo más sencillo hacia el 1200 (&lt;em&gt;Fuero de Soria&lt;/em&gt;). Si tuviera que aventurar un número, apostaría por el siglo XIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;NOTA: Todos los textos se han extraído del CORDE, un corpus de textos en castellano digitalizados, con los posibles errores de digitalización de todo OCR.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T10:22:25.383" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-21T09:03:11.283" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que haya un sinónimo &lt;em&gt;exacto&lt;/em&gt; (como casi con todo) pero se me ocurren varias traducciones para escoger, dependiendo del contexto. No sé si entiendo bien lo del panda: ¿se refiere a &quot;disfruta, aunque siempre hay alguien a quien le va a caer mal&quot; o &quot;ya verás como incluso esto le cae mal a alguien&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un buen término sería &quot;atrabiliario&quot;, que suele aplicarse a la crítica, pero que es de poco uso en la lengua cotidiana. Se podría decir &quot;sus comentarios sobre este tema son atrabiliarios&quot;. Para usarlo en el ejemplo que das no funciona muy bien. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Criticón: la traducción podría ser &quot;los criticones lo van a criticar&quot; o &quot;los criticones critican&quot; o incluso &quot;siempre va a haber criticones que critiquen&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aguafiestas: &quot;los aguafiestas te aguarán (o intentarán aguarte) la fiesta&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colérico: &quot;los coléricos se encolerizarán&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sañudo: no es un término muy de uso informal pero se puede decir &quot;lo sañudos se ensañarán&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rabioso: &quot;los rabiosos se enrabiarán&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T09:03:11.283" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17118" CreationDate="2016-06-21T12:37:10.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de cosas siempre las acabo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/formulario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consultando a la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, ya que suelen responder en el mismo día. Sin embargo, para esta consulta se han tomado su tiempo. La respuesta ha sido la que transcribo a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En relación con su consulta, nos complace remitirle a la última edición de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (RAE y ASALE, 2010; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UeHIlWSjSgNNjdqZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;págs. 562-564&lt;/a&gt;). Según lo que allí se indica, en el ejemplo que somete a nuestra consideración, el artículo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; debió unirse con la preposición &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, formando la contracción &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;de + el = del&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;Naturalmente, los nuevos inquilinos del condenado apartamento también fueron protagonistas &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; diablo sabe qué manejos&lt;/em&gt;. En esta oración, los inquilinos fueron ALGO (&lt;em&gt;protagonistas &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; diablo sabe qué manejos&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que la construcción que se inicia con la contracción &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;diablo...&lt;/em&gt;) es un complemento del nombre que determina a &lt;em&gt;protagonistas&lt;/em&gt;. Como se observa, el significado no se ve afectado de ninguna manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta muy curioso que, en este caso, estoy más de acuerdo con lo expresado por guifa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17122/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; que con lo afirmado por la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T12:37:10.187" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-21T13:19:02.920" Score="4" ViewCount="1334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm slowing working my way through reflexive pronouns, and I understand that there are several uses of the pronoun 'se' : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Accidental / unplanned circumstances&lt;/strong&gt; (se me cayó el vaso)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Passive Voice&lt;/strong&gt; for general statements (se habla español)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impersonal&lt;/strong&gt; for when the doer of the action is deemphasized (se dice que es bueno)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reciprocal&lt;/strong&gt; (nos besamos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Direct Object pronouns&lt;/strong&gt; that change from lo,la,los,las to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; ('la la envió' becomes 'se la envió')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Venezuelan friend told me that the correct translation of &quot;the game is almost over&quot; is &lt;code&gt;&quot;casi se termina el partido&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand how the 'se' in this final sentence fits any of the criteria for using 'se.' How is this a reflexive sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9222" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T16:00:55.760" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:03:38.270" Title="Reflexives and use of &quot;se&quot; in &quot;terminarse&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17165" CreationDate="2016-06-21T13:57:23.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the examples you give seem just like particular cases of a wider case: the pronominal verbs. You can read about them in the &lt;em&gt;Gramática Española&lt;/em&gt;, from &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wurYgfKPXkaQSlUR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; onwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already know, some verbs append the &quot;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&quot; suffix: these are the pronominal verbs, but this does not mean that the verb takes part in a reflexive sentence. If you want to know if a verb can be used as a pronominal verb, check the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZYwREwl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;terminar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;termināre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: &lt;strong&gt;cesar&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ interrumpirse o acabarse). U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These letters at the end (&lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;) mean &lt;em&gt;usado también como pronominal&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;also used as a pronominal (verb)&quot;. This means that you can either say &lt;em&gt;el partido está a punto de terminar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;el partido está a punto de terminarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T13:57:23.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-21T14:29:59.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto no es fácil encontrar una traducción exacta para &lt;code&gt;hater&lt;/code&gt; pero yo me inclinaría más por &lt;code&gt;odiador&lt;/code&gt; que por cualquier otra traducción, basado en el concepto que tiene esta frase en el lo que a internet respecta, la cual se podría definir como aquella persona que tiene un odio natural y casi que infundado por algún tipo de acciones, ideas, publicaciones etc, burlándose, denigrando o difamando de ellas. A mi siempre me ha sonado la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los odiadores van a odiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que sería como: Para aquellas personas que se suelen disgustar de este tipo de actos van a efervescer en sus ánimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no me suena mal y suena acertada: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los odiosos van a odiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T18:13:21.790" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T18:13:21.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-21T14:33:38.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu traducción es bien acertada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En realidad es un sustantivo que no es fácil darle la connotación sustantival al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también aplica a varias formas como &lt;em&gt;lovers gonna love, players gonna play,&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aunque la diferencia de estos es que sí podemos entregar una forma sustantival correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en WordReference, muestran a &lt;em&gt;hater&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt; que odia &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;a alguien&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que es acertado escribir &lt;em&gt;los que odian van a odiar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T14:33:38.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17165" CreationDate="2016-06-21T15:34:11.750" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Carlos Alejo is right, but I wanted to add a few grammatical explanations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; can be intransitive (&quot;to finish&quot;), or transitive (&quot;to finish off sth&quot;, &quot;to terminate sth&quot;). The verb &lt;em&gt;terminarse&lt;/em&gt; has the same meanings, plus the sense of &quot;to run out&quot;. That means the two sentences below are equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El partido está a punto de terminar = El partido está a punto de terminarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because the sense of &quot;finishing&quot; is present in both &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;terminarse&lt;/em&gt;. However, to say &quot;we ran out of cookies&quot; you can only say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las galletas se terminaron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and not ٭&lt;em&gt;las galletas terminaron&lt;/em&gt; because the sense of &quot;running out&quot; is only present in &lt;em&gt;terminarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;terminarse&lt;/em&gt; can be analysed in different ways: when it means &quot;to finish&quot; it can be considered an &lt;strong&gt;ethic dative&lt;/strong&gt;; when it means &quot;to run out of&quot; it is a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal verb marker&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;marca de verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt;). Ethic datives don't change the meaning of a verb and can be dropped (that's why the first two sentences are equivalent), while pronominal verbs markers can't be dropped. Sometimes, dropping a pronominal verb marker changes the meaning of a verb, as in &lt;em&gt;acordar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;agree to&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;acordarse&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;remember&quot;); and sometimes, dropping it leaves you with a verb that doesn't mean anything, as in &lt;em&gt;enterarse&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;find out&quot;), whose non-pronominal form, &lt;em&gt;enterar&lt;/em&gt;, just doesn't exist. [EDIT: &lt;em&gt;Enterarse&lt;/em&gt; isn't a great example because the non-pronominal form, albeit less common, also exists and it means &quot;to inform&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Dignarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;arrepentirse&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;atenerse&lt;/em&gt; are better examples.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess &quot;ethic dative&quot; and &quot;pronominal verb marker&quot; are two cases you have to add to your list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T13:03:38.270" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:03:38.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-21T16:00:26.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/spanish/detractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Detractor&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; también es un sinónimo válido. Oxford dictionaries lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;adjetivo/nombre masculino y femenino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[persona] Que critica a una persona o cosa o manifiesta un juicio&#xA;  peyorativo por no estar de acuerdo con ella. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sus detractores apuntan que todas sus películas son como los anuncios de perfumes caros de bastante duración; proseguían ayer los debates&#xA;  entre los partidarios y detractores de uno u otro plan económico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12993" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T18:11:33.170" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T18:11:33.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-21T16:53:28.280" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de los Estados Unidos (lo siento por la gramática).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Haters gonna hate&quot; es más una declaración de los que no son &quot;haters&quot; acerca de la persona a quien atribuye el título &quot;Hater&quot;. Es como decir que la persona que escoja odiar no odia por una razón válida, sino que es una persona que odia solo porque quiere odiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir que no tiene sentido discutir con la persona que odia, sino que es mejor pasar por alto o desatenderlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es parecido a 'a boca de borracho, oídos de cantinero'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12994" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T20:35:11.517" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T20:35:11.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17118" CreationDate="2016-06-21T22:22:06.660" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;A guifa le interesará saber que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17122/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; acaba de ser avalada por el señor Pérez-Reverte. Como no me convenció &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17164/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, probé a escribir al maestro en Twitter. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/745330797058605056&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt; podéis ver mi consulta y sus respuestas, las cuales transcribo a continuación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pérez-Reverte:&lt;/strong&gt; En este caso, el uso separado es correcto. La frase &quot;el diablo sabe que manejos&quot; tiene consistencia propia. Otra cosa sería hablar de &quot;los manejos del diablo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo:&lt;/strong&gt; Muchísimas gracias, la RAE nos respondió que era incorrecto. ¡Le agradezco sinceramente habernos dado una segunda opinión!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pérez-Reverte:&lt;/strong&gt; Pues con todo el respeto para la RAE, de la que formo parte, quien le respondió a eso se ha columpiado. Si vuelve a comunicarse, dígaselo y dele una colleja de mi parte. Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T22:22:06.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17173" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T00:09:53.083" Score="3" ViewCount="958" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Español:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabras como &lt;strong&gt;premio&lt;/strong&gt; no parecen ser un &amp;quot;mio&amp;quot; que &amp;quot;llega antes&amp;quot;, como lo indicaría un prefijo como &amp;quot;pre&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;strong&gt;biblioteca&lt;/strong&gt; que no parece ser una &amp;quot;blioteca&amp;quot; &amp;quot;dos veces&amp;quot;, como lo indicaría el prefijo &amp;quot;bi&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto me pregunto si habrá casos de palabras como estas parecen indicar. Es decir, ¿hay más palabras que comiencen con un &amp;quot;prefijo&amp;quot; quizás por su origen etimológico y no por la normativa de ser un prefijo que ha alterado el significado de la palabra raíz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words like &lt;strong&gt;Premio&lt;/strong&gt; has the prefix &amp;quot;pre&amp;quot; but don't seem to follow its meaning.  &lt;em&gt;Premio&lt;/em&gt; is not a ´mio´that is ´before´&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same goes for  &lt;strong&gt;Biblioteca&lt;/strong&gt; which although has the prefix &amp;quot;bi&amp;quot; does not refer to 2 ´bliotecas´&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I correct in assuming that neither of these cases are actually using prefixes?&#xA;This makes me wonder, if that is the case, How can I distinguish between words that are actually using a ´prefijo´ and others that don't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T14:54:56.897" Title="¿Es posible que palabras iniciadas con &quot;bi&quot; o &quot;pre&quot; no tengan un prefijo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17176" CreationDate="2016-06-22T10:59:28.640" Score="5" ViewCount="9184" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/326635/1983854&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; del Community Manager de Stack Exchange, &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackexchange.com/users/620/shog9&quot;&gt;Shog9&lt;/a&gt; cuando me fijé en la última parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kudos&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/users/91/michael-stum&quot;&gt;Michael Stum&lt;/a&gt; for implementing this change - also, please join me in welcoming him to the core development team!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde aquí, &lt;strong&gt;mis agradecimientos&lt;/strong&gt; a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incluso de una forma más directa, como sugiere &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=kudos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gloria&lt;/strong&gt; a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué os parece a vosotros? ¿Cuál podría ser una buena forma de usar este término en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:35:00.820" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T21:52:37.250" Title="¿&quot;Kudos&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17175" CreationDate="2016-06-22T11:31:02.527" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quito el sombrero ante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me descubro ante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que en español esta frase hecha da reconocimiento y expresa admiración ante un logro como &lt;em&gt;kudos&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T11:33:46.327" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T11:33:46.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17173" CreationDate="2016-06-22T14:45:33.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in most -if not all- languages, the existence of a prefix -even if very common- does not rule out the existence of words with the same beginning that do not come from the same root. It may be seen as just a coincidence. It may (or may not) be an example of convergent evolution of words of diverse origin through sound change, a late (or old) borrowing from another language, just similar roots with a common beginning, or even something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among words starting with &lt;em&gt;pre-&lt;/em&gt; that do not include the meaning of the prefix &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; (either in its current or ethymological meaning), one may list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;precario&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;preces&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;prender&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;premura&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;presión&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;presura&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;precio&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;precioso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of words starting with &lt;em&gt;bi-&lt;/em&gt;, but without the &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bilis&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bisonte&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Bizancio&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;biología&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;bibliografía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(as well as derivates and lots of words starting with &lt;em&gt;bio-&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;biblio-&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in English the same principle applies: both prefixes do exist, and some of the words listed have cognates with alike structures. Particularly, &lt;strong&gt;bison&lt;/strong&gt; (Spanish &lt;em&gt;bisonte&lt;/em&gt;) comes from Germanic and got into Spanish through middle English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: The same can be said of suffixes: while &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; usualy forms adverbs, you have &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; -a noun- and &lt;em&gt;demente&lt;/em&gt; -an adjective-. In English &lt;em&gt;-ly&lt;/em&gt; forms adverbs, but you have the nouns &lt;em&gt;belly&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lily&lt;/em&gt; and the adjectives &lt;em&gt;lonely&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lovely&lt;/em&gt;. See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.writeathome.com/index.php/2014/03/non-adverbs-that-end-in-ly/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T14:54:56.897" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T14:54:56.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17178" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T20:14:40.373" Score="4" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that the person who does your nails is a &quot;manicurista&quot; but I don't know the conjugation for getting a manicure. For example, if I was offering to pay for my wife's manicure, I would say, &quot;would you like to get a manicure&quot; or &quot;would you like to get your nails done&quot;. But I don't know the same conjugation to ask that question in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T06:42:48.090" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T14:13:10.177" Title="The act of getting a manicure?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15512" CreationDate="2016-06-22T20:21:48.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que tienden a verlo como si fuese un término militar en todo aspecto. No es así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Chile, al menos, se usa mucho en todo ámbito de lo que respecte a la búsqueda de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Proceso de &lt;em&gt;reclutamiento&lt;/em&gt; para trabajar de empaque/enfermera/junior/vendedor/reponedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que los traductores no lo adopten porque suena &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt;, en verdad no es una excusa, porque perfectamente se puede usar como &lt;em&gt;reclutamiento&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T20:21:48.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17178" CreationDate="2016-06-22T20:31:22.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there's no expression to verbalise &lt;em&gt;manicure&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way of asking this, will regionally depend on how people refer to the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te gustaría que se te &lt;em&gt;adornen/pinten&lt;/em&gt; las uñas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T20:31:22.433" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-06-23T12:06:41.283" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Odión&quot;, o &quot;Odiador&quot;. Si estas palabras no existen, se pueden crear. Si bastantes personas adoptan el uso de una palabra nueva, se aceptan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T12:06:41.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17178" CreationDate="2016-06-23T13:01:56.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have no specific verb for that in Spanish; we'd rather use &lt;em&gt;hacer la manicura&lt;/em&gt;. Both your English options have an easy translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you like to get a manicure? --&amp;gt; ¿Quieres que te hagan la manicura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you like to get your nails done? --&amp;gt; ¿Quieres que te hagan las uñas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that in Spanish we tend to use the passive form less than in English. These are good examples where we would use an active impersonal construction rather than the English passive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:01:56.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17186" CreationDate="2016-06-23T13:34:19.587" Score="2" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I discovered on Memrise that &quot;azulejar&quot; means &quot;tile&quot;. Why? Were tiles originally blue, or what is the etymology or &quot;back story&quot; of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:50:20.613" Title="Were tiles traditionally/originally blue?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17185" CreationDate="2016-06-23T13:36:58.177" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is no relationship with the word &quot;azul&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, this comes from the Arab etymology of the word, as stated in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azulejo#cite_note-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia page for azulejo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Azulejo o ladrillo azulejo (del árabe hispano «azzuláyǧ[a]», y a su&#xA;  vez del árabe الزليج az-zulaiŷ, &quot;barro vidriado&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is different also from the origin of the word &quot;azul&quot; that DRAE mentions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4hL0yKW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;azul&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá alterac. del ár. hisp. &lt;em&gt;lazawárd&lt;/em&gt;, este del ár. &lt;em&gt;lāzaward&lt;/em&gt;, este&#xA;  del persa &lt;em&gt;laǧvard&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;lažvard&lt;/em&gt;, y este del sánscr. &lt;em&gt;rājāvarta&lt;/em&gt; 'rizo&#xA;  del rey'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally, whenever you see a Spanish word related to construction, engineering or science that starts with &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;az&lt;/code&gt;, chances are that it comes from the Arab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2008/palabras-de-origen-arabe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Palabras de origen árabe&lt;/a&gt; for a nice list of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If most of the azulejos are blue is because of the influence of the Ming porcelain that Dutch travelers and merchants would import in the XVI century. Their colour had a very good reputation, so people started to mimic its colour in the tiles with the so-called &lt;em&gt;blue Delft&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funnily enough, word and colour ended up being &quot;together&quot; in Spanish : )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T13:50:20.613" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:50:20.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17178" CreationDate="2016-06-23T14:05:24.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short, you would use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hacerse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [las uñas/la manicura] as an auxiliary verb, pretty much in the same way you use the verb to get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To complement Gorpik's and Ustanak's answers, I'd like to add a couple of ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is &lt;em&gt;slower&lt;/em&gt; than English to make verbs from nouns, (especially neologisms), and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2012/08/meddling-with-nouns-whos-medalling-now/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the reason&lt;/a&gt; seems to be the need for verb endings that imply the creation of additional neologisms rather than giving new meanings to the exisiting ones: it just &lt;a href=&quot;http://navioenlinea.bligoo.cl/neologismos-tecnologicos-y-el-idioma-espanol#.V2vd6qIl_Kg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;does not sound right&lt;/a&gt; —at least at first—. While in English there is the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/manicure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;to manicure&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, in Spanish the best (and only?) choice is to add an auxiliary verb to the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unsurprisingly —for foreign words—, both the noun and its gender change depending on the region, hence you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacerse la manicura&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;. (Thanks CarlosAlejo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacerse la&lt;/em&gt; manicure in &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;. Pronounced [ma.ni'cjur]: the closest one can get to the French pronunciation with Spanish phonetics, I think.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacerse el&lt;/em&gt; manicure in &lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;. (Thanks Nicholas J.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T14:13:10.177" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T14:13:10.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17189" CreationDate="2016-06-23T15:21:37.990" Score="7" ViewCount="964" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoiler_(media)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spoiler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is an element of a disseminated summary or description of any piece of fiction that reveals any plot elements which threaten to give away important details concerning the turn of events of a dramatic episode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que un &lt;em&gt;spoiler&lt;/em&gt; es como ya sabemos eso que nos arruina una obra de ficción (película, serie, libro, cómic...) que todavía no hemos visto, oído, leído... Es bastante común ahora encontrarse con la reseña o discusión de, digamos, el más reciente episodio de Juego de Tronos y encontrar &lt;em&gt;advertencias&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;spoiler alerts&lt;/em&gt; por si todavía no has visto el episodio, leído los libros o lo que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción para &lt;code&gt;spoil&lt;/code&gt; sería &lt;code&gt;arruinar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;echar a perder&lt;/code&gt; (entre otras muchas posibilidades para otros contextos, como &quot;malcriar&quot;, &quot;consentir&quot; o &quot;botín (de guerra) ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las advertencias &quot;spoiler ahead&quot; se suelen traducir como &quot;spoilers a continuación&quot;. El &quot;spoiler alert/warning&quot; no es más que &quot;advertencia: spoilers&quot;. No me imagino las traducciones más obvias &quot;Advertencia &lt;em&gt;arruinadores&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;arruinadores&lt;/em&gt; a continuación&quot; sustituyendo a las traducciones anteriores.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una traducción &quot;oficial&quot; o aceptada para el anglicismo &lt;code&gt;spoiler&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco leía en la prensa los esfuerzos de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española por concienciar a la gente de usar menos anglicismos si hay una opción en castellano para un cierto término (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;ion=1&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=rae%20swine%20campa%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;multiples artículos sobre tal campaña&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que esta campaña me recordó los esfuerzos de nuestro moderador @fedorqui con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;muchas de sus preguntas&lt;/a&gt; para encontrar equivalentes en español a anglicismos de uso diario. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17175/kudos-en-espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;Kudos&lt;/a&gt; para fedorqui por sus esfuerzos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí mi motivación a contribuir con esta pregunta, tratando de entender cómo nos libraría la RAE de este anglicismo tan aceptado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T19:55:01.897" Title="Cuál es la mejor traducción para &quot;Spoiler&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2016-06-23T16:20:40.533" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción más adecuada para &lt;em&gt;spoil&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DV96tNu&quot;&gt;destripar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Interrumpir el relato que está haciendo alguien de algún suceso, chascarrillo, enigma, etc., anticipando el desenlace o la&#xA;  solución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí al «destripe» va un proceso de derivación normal que, además, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/destripe-en-vez-de-spoiler/&quot;&gt;está avalado por la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T16:20:40.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2016-06-23T16:41:25.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arruinar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;echar a perder&lt;/em&gt; es lo que más se escucha, especialmente en la televisión doblada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia usamos una frase que no sé si es gramaticalmente correcta: Cuando alguien por ejemplo te cuenta el final de la película o hace un comentario sobre el episodio de &quot;Juego de tronos&quot; que aún no has visto, exclamamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¡¡Te me tiraste en la película!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el &lt;em&gt;spoiler alert&lt;/em&gt; si no conozco ninguna traducción pero cuando sospechamos que alguien va a hacer el comentario que nos &lt;strong&gt;arruinará&lt;/strong&gt; la película, lo detenemos con un enfático &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Cuidado te me tiras la película&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T08:25:35.013" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T08:25:35.013" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2016-06-23T18:09:13.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se puede tomar como &lt;em&gt;aguafiestas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entonces podría interpretarse como &lt;em&gt;spoilers ahead = aguafiestas adelante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto que nadie diría &lt;em&gt;información que revela la trama de un libro o película&lt;/em&gt; en una afirmación del estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Spoiler alert = alerta de información que revela la trama de la película,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pues, es muy largo, entonces queda bien al poner &lt;em&gt;aguafiestas adelante&lt;/em&gt;, a saber, que te van a estropear lo que estás a punto de hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T18:09:13.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17194" CreationDate="2016-06-23T18:11:46.143" Score="9" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &quot;estamos esperándolas a ellas&quot; (we're waiting for them) why do we  use &quot;esperando&quot; followed by &lt;strong&gt;&quot;las&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; when &quot; a ellas&quot; is already there? Isn't &quot;las&quot; superfluous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12505" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T20:28:16.870" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T05:13:30.623" Title="Why use &quot;-las&quot; in &quot;esperándolas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17192" CreationDate="2016-06-23T19:15:31.113" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is superflous, but it's also necessary. &quot;Esperándolas a ellas&quot; features what is known as &lt;em&gt;duplicación pronominal&lt;/em&gt;. When you have a personal pronoun introduced by &quot;a&quot; posponed to the verb, you need to duplicate the pronoun. Some exceptions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With verbs of direction, such as &quot;se acercó a mí&quot;, &quot;se adelantó a ustedes&quot; or &quot;se abrazó a él&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With past participles: &quot;la ofensa hecha a nosotros&quot; is correct, but not &quot;la ofensa que hicieron a nosotros&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With other pronouns (&quot;nadie&quot;, &quot;todos&quot;) or nouns, the pronoun isn't always necessary. You can say &quot;eso no interesa a nadie&quot; or &quot;eso no le interesa a nadie&quot;. You can also say &quot;vi a Juana&quot; or &quot;la vi a Juana&quot;. Sometimes, some version may sound more natural than another but both are grammatical. This is especially relevant with certain verbs for which the duplication isn't strictly necessary, but heavily favoured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le duele la muela al niño. (better than *duele la muela al niño)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esto le gusta a Cristina. (better than *esto gusta a Cristina)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, you need the pronoun &quot;les&quot; — what is superflous &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; omissible is &quot;a ellas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OnFYrrkygfRCrgjI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Duplicación de los pronombres átonos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (only in Spanish), and section &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;5&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=pronombres%2520personales%2520%25E1tonos&amp;amp;lema=pronombres%2520personales%2520%25E1tonos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (also in Spanish, but easier to understand). There's also a really good and thorough article in &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Pronombres%20%C3%A1tonos%20en%20la%20duplicaci%C3%B3n%20de%20complementos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hispanoteca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (I highly recommend that page), but it is also in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T07:39:03.570" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T07:39:03.570" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17199" CreationDate="2016-06-23T23:31:28.933" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am considering writing a series of &quot;Best Places to Retire&quot; books, with the first one being about Baja California. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it goes well, I may follow up with one for Costa Rica, one for Panama, and one for the rest of Mexico (everything besides Baja).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be fitting to call this (all of Mexico besides the two Bajas) &quot;Mainland Mexico&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems right, but the Baja Peninsula is actually connected to the rest of the Mexico, so I don't know if &quot;Mainland Mexico&quot; is an accurate way of describing that region. If not, what is the vast bulk of Mexico east of Baja called in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T07:19:26.243" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T07:19:26.243" Title="What is the definition / what are the boundaries of &quot;Mainland Mexico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T01:43:01.580" Score="1" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please critique my translation: “A lie survives till the truth arrives.” I want to use it as an epigraph (in a book), so it needs to sound punchy in English too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10986" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T02:00:08.570" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T07:33:44.830" Title="What is a good English translation for the proverb &quot;La mentira dura, mientras la verdad llega&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-06-27T07:20:15.917" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17196" CreationDate="2016-06-24T02:02:12.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que hay variedad de formas de decirlo; sin embargo, aquí hay algunas opciones dependiendo de lo que desees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traducción literal sacada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=39-sWW7QvUYC&amp;amp;pg=PA192&amp;amp;lpg=PA192&amp;amp;dq=la%20mentira%20dura%20mientras%20la%20verdad%20llega&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=IBjfVAOWWv&amp;amp;sig=YJ74Pn0zIsTSVzSlvOQPqIXjxi0&amp;amp;hl=fr&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj10trSxr_NAhXSth4KHQHvAbk4ChDoAQgoMAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=la%20mentira%20dura%20mientras%20la%20verdad%20llega&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Dictionary of Mexican American Proverbs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lie lasts while the truth arrives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traducción menos literal sacada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordmagicsoft.com/diccionario/en-es/you%20can%20lie%20while%20the%20truth%20shows%20up.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Word Magic&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can lie while the truth shows up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lie lasts as long as the truth does not surface&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una cita atribuida a Mark Twain:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo esta última se aleja un poco del significado a dar de la oración original en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un refrán en inglés que hace referencia al contraste entre la mentira y la verdad:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lie stands on one leg, truth on two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última guardando algo del significado del original. Un símil entre que puedes mentir/avanzar en una pierna hasta que la verdad llega/alguien que anda en dos avanzará más que tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T02:07:59.020" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="37712" CreationDate="2016-06-24T02:56:52.593" Score="4" ViewCount="5786" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sea el siguiente ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo demasiado trabajo, no sé como voy a hacer todo, estoy pariendo chayotes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha gustado la expresión &lt;em&gt;pariendo chayotes&lt;/em&gt;, se me hace muy chistosa. ¿Qué tan grosero es decirla en México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los chayotes son una especie de calabaza espinosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13020" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T19:28:26.540" LastActivityDate="2021-03-19T15:13:18.417" Title="Carga lingüística de &quot;pariendo chayotes&quot;" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17195" CreationDate="2016-06-24T04:42:00.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard it referred to as &lt;i&gt;México continental&lt;/i&gt; when someone wants to distinguish the mainland from the Baja. As for English, &quot;mainland Mexico&quot; works and is attested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13020" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T04:42:00.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2016-06-24T07:21:53.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Particularmente, mi opción favorita para &lt;em&gt;spoiler&lt;/em&gt; como verbo es &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17189/12637&quot;&gt;destripar&lt;/a&gt;, como se ha dicho en otra respuesta, pero aún me suena raro (y un poco gore) el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;destripe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para &lt;em&gt;spoiler alert&lt;/em&gt;, me gustaría proponer como opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secretos&lt;/strong&gt; [de la trama] &lt;strong&gt;desvelados&lt;/strong&gt; [a continuación].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que queda muy conciso y respeta el espíritu del original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T07:21:53.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17196" CreationDate="2016-06-24T07:25:35.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found these two &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quotegarden.com/honesty.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that may suit you:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A lie has speed, but truth has endurance. ~Edgar J. Mohn  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A lie may take care of the present, but it has no future. ~Author Unknown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit to improve:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://swahiliproverbs.afrst.illinois.edu/lying.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Swahili Proverbs&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ukweli ukidhihiri uwonge kajisetiri&lt;/em&gt;.  JKP.        When the truth appears, untruth hides itself.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kweli inapofika uwongo hujitenga&lt;/em&gt;.  MEM.165.   When truth arrives, falsehood yields.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T07:33:44.830" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T07:33:44.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17145" CreationDate="2016-06-24T09:49:38.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que decir que considero la pregunta ambigua, pero no creo que merezca puntos negativos por ello o marcarla en la forma en que es usual en este lugar. Al contrario, me parece una pregunta interesante precisamente por eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tengo que responderla tal como está expresada, tengo que decir que sí, pero por la siguiente razón: &lt;em&gt;ser hispanohablante, por definición, implica hablar español y, si dos personas hablan el mismo idioma, han de entenderse, puesto que, si no, &lt;strong&gt;no hablarían el mismo idioma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de decir esta perogrullada uno se da cuenta de que el meollo del asunto está en qué se quiere decir con &lt;em&gt;español&lt;/em&gt; y qué con &lt;em&gt;entender&lt;/em&gt;, que a simple vista parece de lo más sencillo. Sin embargo veremos que la cosa se puede complicar bastante.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empecemos planteándonos esta pregunta: ¿Pueden un italiano y un español del presente entenderse (asumiendo que cada uno solo conoce su idioma)? ¿Y un español y un portugués? ¿Y si habla uno en español y el otro en bable? Por experiencia propia o por testimonios tendremos que decir que sí. Al menos, bastante. Lo suficiente para ser funcional en la mayoría de los casos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entender&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo que puede tener un significado claro cuando se aplica a una afirmación concreta. ¿Y si te das cuenta de que algo se te escapa? No puedes decir que no te has enterado de nada ni que lo has entendido del todo. ¿Qué pasa cuando se aplica a dos si una se entiende y la otra no? En la comunicación entre dos personas hay miles de actos comunicativos, de los cuales algunos se entienden completamente, otros en mayor o menor parte y otros nada en absoluto.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay que tener en cuenta que el idioma no es ni mucho menos el único elemento que influye. Otro que tiene un peso &lt;strong&gt;enorme&lt;/strong&gt; es la cultura: los objetos, situaciones, costumbres, conocimiento (real o aceptado como tal), puntos ciegos, roles, ideales, intereses, perspectivas, prejuicios, tabúes, experiencias espirituales... que conforman el ideario de una sociedad.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las lenguas son seres escurridizos y las distinciones claras entre ellas a veces están forzadas y simplificadas para comodidad de los lingüistas. De esta cómoda arbitrariedad que se proporcionan los lingüistas se queja varias veces William C. Stokoe en su libro &quot;Language in Hand. Why Sign Came Before Speech&quot;. Por ejemplo, y al hilo de la mutua inteligibilidad entre hablantes del mismo idioma:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some facts about spoken languages are clear: (a) there are numerous&#xA;  spoken languages in the world today; (b) there were spoken languages&#xA;  in the relatively recent past; and (c) the differences among spoken&#xA;  languages are many. An exact count even of current spoken languages&#xA;  cannot be made, however, because such a count would vary according to&#xA;  whether some systems are considered to be different languages or&#xA;  dialects of the same language.This distinction requires drawing an&#xA;  arbitrary line between a language and a dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As can be discovered readily in urban America, speakers of some&#xA;  varieties of English, a world language, have more or less difficulty&#xA;  understanding speakers of their own language when they come from&#xA;  different regions and social strata. The way speakers put sentences&#xA;  together and the variations in their sentence melody and rhythm create&#xA;  as much difficulty in mutual intelligibility as the way they pronounce&#xA;  the vowels and consonants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los problemas que surgen al intentar responder esta pregunta son similares a los que aparecen cuando se habla de especies en Biología. ¿Qué es una especie? Para aquellos que quieran aprender al respecto, les aconsejo que lean &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ooaSZRE7wRAC&amp;amp;pg=PA411&amp;amp;lpg=PA411&amp;amp;dq=el+cuento+del+antepasado+gaviotas+polares&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=qNnkBF1lyK&amp;amp;sig=lKcMYtfqVZAx4CR1BsjCfODrSHY&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjElP7FqMDNAhVF8RQKHToADL4Q6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;El cuento de la salamandra&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=Scxg1Pu3dOsC&amp;amp;pg=PT249&amp;amp;lpg=PT249&amp;amp;dq=tale+ancestor+salamander&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=A-Dvaz5nn7&amp;amp;sig=IJUEBKyyUKA9cDVLiX4cDL6yPhY&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwid6LexrMDNAhVBkx4KHYZlDcsQ6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;original en inglés&lt;/a&gt;), del libro &quot;El cuento del antepasado&quot; de Richard Dawkins. En él, el autor hace una exposición de lo que considera &quot;la tiranía de la mente discontinua&quot;. Hablar del español de ahora y del de hace unos siglos y si sus hablantes se entenderían es similar al problema de decidir, en algunos casos, si dos animales son de la misma o distinta especie (como ocurre con las salamandras y las gaviotas del texto); o, más aún, al caso del Homo Sapiens y sus antepasados (del que también habla): ¿en qué momento dejaron de ser miembros de la misma especie?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exigir unos límites claros puede ser imprescindible en la vida. ¿En qué momento un niño deja de ser hombre? ¿A los 18 o 21? Esta es una frontera que hay que definir, en parte, de forma arbitraria por cuestiones principalmente legales, porque hay actos que implican una responsabilidad ante los demás. Sin embargo, todos sabemos que es una raya ficticia y que el 18º cumpleaños no transforma la mente de un niño en la de un hombre.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros casos, como en Lingüística o Biología, son más bien una comodidad que funciona en la mayoría de los casos pero que hemos de tener presente que no es más que eso: un truco de escamoteo que queda bien. Ahora lo ves, ahora no lo ves. No hay que tomárselo muy en serio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumiendo&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo sin sutileza, sí. Entrando en más profundidad, he intentado explicar por qué creo que la pregunta es ambigua, pero que encuentro lícito que se haga y que merece una respuesta que espero que sirva para hacernos más cuidadosos a la hora de tomar ciertas decisiones. No esta, que al fin es intrascendente, pero sí otras que, como dice Dawkins, pueden ser &quot;fuente de verdadero sufrimiento, de sufrimiento humano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Terminaré con &lt;a href=&quot;http://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/02/07/two-classes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una frase que leí una vez&lt;/a&gt; y que merecería un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Ig_Nobel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;premio Ig Nobel&lt;/a&gt;, porque primero hace reír y luego hace pensar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo hay dos tipos de personas: las que dividen a las personas en dos&#xA;  tipos y las que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T09:55:30.670" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T09:55:30.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T13:00:05.317" Score="5" ViewCount="2089" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace tiempo me preguntaba si existiría en español alguna palabra para expresar lo que la voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;coaching&lt;/em&gt;. Trasladé la pregunta a la RAE y me respondieron lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;coach&lt;/em&gt; equivale en esta lengua, como recuerda el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, a ‘entrenador’ o ‘preparador’ y los verbos correspondientes. Del ámbito deportivo, el uso de &lt;em&gt;coaching&lt;/em&gt; ‘entrenamiento, preparación’ ha pasado al de la psicología empresarial y su uso se documenta en abundantes páginas de Internet, donde viene a definirse como ‘proceso de mejora personalizado’, ‘asesoramiento personalizado para el cambio profesional y para la instrucción de los equipos de trabajo’, ‘proceso de acompañamiento individual destinado a impulsar el desarrollo profesional y personal de los directivos’ o expresiones similares. En estos ámbitos, el equivalente para &lt;em&gt;coach&lt;/em&gt; en castellano sería más bien &lt;em&gt;tutor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;asesor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;consejero&lt;/em&gt;. Los textos en español emplean los extranjerismos sin proponer una traducción o equivalencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la RAE ha recogido en su última versión la voz &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9VjAC8o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;coach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que asesora a otra para impulsar su desarrollo profesional y personal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me lleva a pensar que este término no tiene traducción, dado que la RAE sólo añade términos si no hay alternativas. Y según la respuesta de la RAE, &lt;em&gt;coaching&lt;/em&gt; se podría adaptar como &lt;em&gt;asesoría&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;asesoramiento&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;tutoría&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;consejería&lt;/em&gt;, pero ninguno de estos términos me convence, ya que no recogen todo el significado original. Según el Ngram Viewer, el término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=coaching&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Ccoaching%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcoaching%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCoaching%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCOACHING%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;coaching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ha despuntado su uso en textos en castellano desde 1980 aproximadamente. Y no parece que nadie le busque una adaptación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto así? ¿No hay ningún término en español que podría usarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-10-13T16:31:58.107" Title="Término en español para &quot;coaching&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17203" CreationDate="2016-06-24T13:15:16.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guía espiritual&lt;/em&gt; podría funcionar, aunque dudo que nadie lo tomara en serio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12958" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T13:15:16.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17203" CreationDate="2016-06-24T14:30:21.583" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo opino que el coaching es la acción que realizan el coach. Es decir, &lt;strong&gt;Coaching&lt;/strong&gt; lo podrías entender mejor como &lt;em&gt;Entrenamiento&lt;/em&gt; y obvio &lt;strong&gt;coach&lt;/strong&gt; deberá ser &lt;em&gt;Entrenador&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí tendríamos algunas composiciones para diferentes áreas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coaching Ontológico&lt;/strong&gt;: Es un &lt;em&gt;entrenamiento&lt;/em&gt; que está dirigido al &quot;desarrollo de la conciencia&quot; y puede tener dos variantes; Persona y Empresarial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coaching Deportivo&lt;/strong&gt;: Es un &lt;em&gt;entrenamiento&lt;/em&gt; físico dirigido especialmente en el &quot;desarrollo y mantenimiento de los músculos&quot; además del acondicionamiento físico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre muchos otros más tipos de Coaching....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13017" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T14:45:33.313" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T14:45:33.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2016-06-24T15:04:05.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we use the word &lt;strong&gt;achacar&lt;/strong&gt;. It is quite polysemic, but works well to &amp;quot;guilt trip&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya para, déjate de achacarme. (Enough!, do not make me feel guilty)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy súper achacado por lo que pasó ayer. (I feel very guilty about what happened yesterday)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me achacaron toda la cuestión. (They have blamed me for all the trouble)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a colloquial idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T15:04:05.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17198" CreationDate="2016-06-24T17:46:57.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;pariendo chayotes&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a que algo &amp;quot;es muy difícil, requiere mucho esfuerzo y trabajo&amp;quot;. Es un término chusco/cómico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión creo que proviene de la acción en las mujeres de &amp;quot;parir un hijo&amp;quot;, quiero decir con esto que una mujer sufre de mucho dolor cuando &amp;quot;da a luz&amp;quot; un hijo de forma natural, entonces ahora imagina que en lugar de &amp;quot;parir&amp;quot; un ser humano, lo que está pariendo sea un chayote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los que no sepan qué es un chayote, dejo aquí una imagen, para que veáis el esfuerzo, trabajo y dolor que sería parir uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EAxjZ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EAxjZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Chayote&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagen extraída de: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agrolatin.com/images/chayote%20con%20espina.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.agrolatin.com/images/chayote%20con%20espina.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13017" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-03-18T14:29:41.807" LastActivityDate="2021-03-18T14:29:41.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17211" CreationDate="2016-06-25T00:39:58.833" Score="3" ViewCount="421" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una frase célebre del rey Felipe VI de Francia: &quot;Qui m'aime me suive&quot;. Literalmente, me parece traducirse en &quot;Quién me ame me siga&quot;, pero no estoy seguro si está bien así en español. Es ambiguo en francés si la frase usa el subjuntivo, no sé si el &quot;quién&quot; debe llevar tilde, y ¿tal vez se debe añadir &quot;que&quot;, cambiar &quot;amar&quot; por otro verbo o hacer algún otro cambio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13022" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T08:21:43.883" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T08:21:43.883" Title="¿Cómo se traduciría &quot;Qui m'aime me suive&quot; del francés?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17213" CreationDate="2016-06-25T01:35:56.380" Score="3" ViewCount="6114" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el colegio donde trabaja mi esposa los profesores pueden ir los viernes con &lt;em&gt;ropa casual pero no informal&lt;/em&gt; (ella entiende perfectamente la diferencia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo &quot;casual&quot; según el diccionario es &quot;algo que sucede por casualidad&quot;. Claramente no es posible que la ropa sea &lt;em&gt;casual&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;fortuita&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;accidental&lt;/em&gt;. Yo me imagino que se debe a algún juego de palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se puede entonces nombrar correctamente el estilo de vestuario que se conoce como &quot;ropa casual&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T12:52:54.560" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T12:52:54.560" Title="¿Cuál es la forma más adecuada de decir &quot;ropa casual&quot; en correcto español?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17209" CreationDate="2016-06-25T09:50:24.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias teorías acerca del origen de la frase, pero la que respecta al rey Felipe VI dice más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras el entronamiento de Felipe VI, el Conde de Flandes le pidió la ayuda de Francia para extinguir una revuelta que se había producido en sus tierras. Felipe, que apoyaba esta ayuda, pidió consejo a los barones del reino. Estos le aconsejaron esperar, pero Gautier de Chatillon, condestable de Francia, le dijo: &quot;quien tiene buen corazón halla siempre tiempo para la guerra&quot;, a lo que Felipe respondió: &quot;Qui m'aime me suive&quot;. La guerra fue declarada, los barones siguieron al rey y Felipe consiguió contener la revuelta. — &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/qui-maime-me-suive.843326/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WR&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como traducción del fragmento histórico yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien me ama, que me siga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar el subjuntivo (quien me ame, el que me ame, aquel que me ame), pero la versión con indicativo a mí me suena más tajante. Sea como sea, ambas son muy similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La partícula &quot;que&quot; no siempre es necesaria para construir un imperativo dirigido a terceras personas (&quot;hágase la luz&quot;; &quot;tómese&quot;, &quot;considérese&quot; y otras expresiones en textos matemáticos; &quot;sea pues&quot;; &quot;véase el párrafo siguiente&quot;, &quot;no te quepa la menor duda&quot;, etc). Algunos gramáticos no consideran estas frases imperativas tanto como exhortativas o desiderativas, pero esa consideración no tiene reflejo en la sintáctica así que no hace falta explicarla. En este caso, hace falta usar la partícula &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/qui_m%E2%80%99aime_me_suive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionnaire&lt;/a&gt;, la expresión también se usa como frase hecha para invitar a otros a seguir a uno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qui m’aime me suive&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  S'emploie pour inciter d'autres à prendre le même chemin que soi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese sentido, &quot;amar&quot; me parece un poco fuerte. Yo diría, como traducción más o menos literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El que esté conmigo, que me siga.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El que me apoye, que me siga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna de las dos son frases hechas en español, pero se entienden y suenan natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-25T09:55:48.830" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T09:55:48.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17210" CreationDate="2016-06-25T19:37:33.363" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según mi mujer, que es la experta en estos temas, &lt;em&gt;ropa casual&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DfZ8RL8&quot;&gt;ropa de diario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, entendiéndose como tal a cómo te vestirías de forma arreglada para ir un día cualquiera al trabajo. Sería un punto intermedio entre vestirse de forma elegante para una ocasión formal, y un atuendo completamente informal. Entiendo que la persona a la que se le dice eso se le exige algún tipo de vestimenta obligada en el trabajo (léase un traje formal, o un uniforme), pero se le permite libertad de vestimenta un día a la semana mientras no vaya, digamos, con camiseta y bermudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-25T19:45:55.370" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T19:45:55.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17216" CreationDate="2016-06-26T16:37:09.107" Score="1" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are 3 different sentences that forecast the weather&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow afternoon it is going to be hot with the possibilities of storm in the night.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mañana por la tarde va a hacer calor, con posibilidades de tormenta hacia la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses the form &lt;em&gt;va a hacer calor&lt;/em&gt; and also &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There’s going to be a storm this evening.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Va a haber tormenta esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses the form &lt;em&gt;va a haber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 3:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It’s going to be hot with the risk of storms (in the evening) later on.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Va a hacer calor con riesgo de tormentas por la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses the form &lt;em&gt;va a hacer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do the 3 different examples switch between using &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt;?&#xA;What is the difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T17:08:02.340" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T18:07:21.197" Title="Forecasting the weather - use of haber, hacer and hacia" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17215" CreationDate="2016-06-26T18:07:21.197" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Example 1&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hacer&amp;quot; is used because that is one of the meanings of the verb &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 37. Expresa la cualidad o estado del tiempo atmosférico. &lt;em&gt;Hace calor, [hace] frío, [hace] buen día. Mañana hará malo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be hot = Hacer calor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be cold = Hacer frío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be chilly = Hacer fresco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be nice = Hacer buen tiempo (often shortened to &amp;quot;hacer bueno&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be sunny = Hacer sol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these sentences must be impersonal and conjugated in 3rd person singular (&lt;em&gt;hace X&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hizo X&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). &amp;quot;To be X&amp;quot; can also be translated as &amp;quot;está X&amp;quot; if X is an adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's sunny = Está soleado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's chilly = Está fresco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's warm = Está templado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &amp;quot;It is hot&amp;quot; with the &amp;quot;está X&amp;quot; structure you have to transform &amp;quot;calor&amp;quot; into an adjective and say something like &amp;quot;está caluroso&amp;quot;, but that sounds weird and I can't picture any weathercaster saying that. Generally, why &amp;quot;hacer X&amp;quot; is preferred over &amp;quot;estar X&amp;quot; or the other way around is just a matter of convention. Sometimes, two versions may coexist (&amp;quot;hacer sol&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar soleado&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;hacer fresco&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar fresco&amp;quot;) and one may be more popular than the the other depending on the region, but both are essentially okay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Example 2&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The form &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; is used to describe the presence of a climatic event, pretty much as English &amp;quot;there is X&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a huge tornado in the south = Hay un tornado tremendo en el sur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used with nouns such as &amp;quot;tormenta&amp;quot; (storm), &amp;quot;tornado&amp;quot; (tornado, twister), &amp;quot;ola de frío/calor&amp;quot; (cold spell/heat wave), &amp;quot;ventisca&amp;quot; (blizzard), &amp;quot;terremoto&amp;quot; (earthquake), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hacia&amp;quot; is a preposition meaning &amp;quot;toward&amp;quot;. In Example 1, &amp;quot;hacia la noche&amp;quot; means literally &amp;quot;toward the night&amp;quot;; that is, as night approaches, the chances of a storm will increase. The same idea could have been expressed with &amp;quot;por la noche&amp;quot; (lit., in the night). Maybe the weathercaster chose &amp;quot;hacia la noche&amp;quot; to make it less monotonous, but both mean pretty much the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T18:07:21.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-26T23:08:55.180" Score="0" ViewCount="9657" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you abbreviate &quot;fecha de nacimiento&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13028" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T07:24:08.733" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T07:24:08.733" Title="How do you abbreviate &quot;fecha de nacimiento&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17217" CreationDate="2016-06-27T06:47:01.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't common but you might use &lt;em&gt;Fec. Nac.&lt;/em&gt;, alternatively &lt;em&gt;Nacido/da el:&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T06:47:01.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17220" CreationDate="2016-06-27T08:51:04.493" Score="5" ViewCount="26665" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/626/1674&quot;&gt;Internet Chat laughter in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; se me planteó la duda de si debemos reír diciendo &lt;em&gt;jajaja&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¡jajaja!&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jajajá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ja, ja, ja&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¡ja, ja, ja!&lt;/em&gt; (lo mismo me dejo alguna combinación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/onomatopeya-de-la-risa-2040/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;onomatopeya de la risa&lt;/a&gt; menciona que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ha de escribirse sin tildes y con comas (&lt;em&gt;ja, ja, ja&lt;/em&gt;), como explica la&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UnaffUPrFKKTCxw,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía académica&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace nos lleva a este texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estas expresiones iterativas mantienen su valor estrictamente&#xA;  onomatopéyico y se usan tan solo para reproducir o imitar sonidos, lo&#xA;  normal es separar mediante comas los elementos repetidos: &quot;&lt;em&gt;De pronto&#xA;  están unidos por una risa floja que no pueden parar, y lloran de risa,&#xA;  y ja, ja, ja, ja, ja...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (Beccaria &lt;em&gt;Luna&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 2001]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este &quot;lo normal es separar mediante comas&quot; me hace pensar que no está tan reglado como parece. ¿Es pues lo correcto escribir &quot;&lt;em&gt;ja, ja, ja&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? ¿Es en algún caso correcto escribir &quot;&lt;em&gt;jajaja&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? ¿Y por qué se usa casi siempre tres veces la partícula &lt;em&gt;ja&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T21:12:59.683" Title="¿&quot;Ja ja ja&quot; o &quot;jajaja&quot; para reírse en internet?" Tags="&lt;jerga-internet&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17219" CreationDate="2016-06-27T09:06:45.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El lenguaje evoluciona y me parece que diccionarios y cualquier compendio gramatical deberían ser fotografías de tal fenómeno; no al revés e imponer lo que debe hacerse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, me parece que no puede aceptarse una ortografía universal para la risa en internet. Si escribiese a mis amigos &lt;em&gt;ja, ja, ja&lt;/em&gt; ellos pensarían que lo que ellos escribieron pareció absolutamente bobo pero que me río por cortesía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las comas&lt;/strong&gt; no me parece que puedan ser obligatorias (las comas representan pausa pero ¿es tan espaciada la risa natural?). Si el &lt;em&gt;jajaja&lt;/em&gt; representa una onomatopeya, y la risa no es la misma en todas las situaciones ¿por qué representar ésta con una sola variante ortográfica? No es lo mismo una risa discreta que una carcajada; tampoco una pícara que una risa de vergüenza. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El número tres&lt;/strong&gt;: No me parece relevante. Yo lo escribo dos veces, si mi risa no es una carcajada, y más de tres si me parece que he visto algo verdaderamente gracioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T09:06:45.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17219" CreationDate="2016-06-27T12:38:48.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me parece correcto que la forma de transcribir las risas tenga que ser de una determinada forma, del mismo modo que no existe únicamente un tipo de risa. Es imposible establecer una onomatopeya para algo tan variable como la risa, que es algo que sale de dentro y es tan personal de cada uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, estoy de acuerdo con c.p. sobre que si escribo &lt;em&gt;ja ja ja&lt;/em&gt; en un chat, da la sensación de que lo dicho no me ha hecho en realidad ni pizca de gracia. Si me río de verdad prefiero el &lt;em&gt;jajaja&lt;/em&gt;. Pero profundizando un poco más, ¿por qué pararnos en el &lt;em&gt;ja&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Y el resto de variantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La risa de justificación: &lt;em&gt;Jejeje&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La risita tímida: &lt;em&gt;Jijiji&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La risa bobalicona: &lt;em&gt;Jojojo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La de Papá Noel: &lt;em&gt;Jou jou jou&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La risa maliciosa: &lt;em&gt;Jujuju&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y qué tal alargando las sílabas? Quedaría una buena carcajada: &lt;em&gt;¡Jaaaaaajajajajaja!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, todas estas variantes implican que estás tratando de transcribir una risa particular. Seguramente sea la tuya propia en un chat, o puede que de un personaje en un cómic, o incluso puede que en un texto de una novela. Otra cosa es un texto serio, pongamos un ámbito digamos científico, o periodístico, entonces sí veo bien la opción del &lt;em&gt;ja, ja, ja&lt;/em&gt; como onomatopeya neutra. También incluso si estás &quot;narrando&quot; la risa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y a partir de entonces fue ya un ja, ja, y ja, ja, y ja, ja...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-linguistic_onomatopoeias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;otros idiomas&lt;/a&gt; me hacen especial gracia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En inglés: &lt;em&gt;teeheehee&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En japonés: &lt;em&gt;ahahaha&lt;/em&gt; (comenzando por vocal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T12:38:48.793" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17222" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-27T13:22:56.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre las diferentes formas de transcribir los sonidos al idioma español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about the different forms of transcribing sounds in the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T13:28:02.287" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T13:28:02.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17223" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-27T13:22:56.707" Score="0" Body="Onomatopeyas de uso común en español" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-06-27T13:28:13.037" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T13:28:13.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-27T14:25:14.627" Score="3" ViewCount="5190" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un dicho cubano que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Estás comiendo lo que come el pollo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿qué es lo que come el pollo? ¿Se refiere a excrementos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13034" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T19:56:06.750" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T16:25:58.653" Title="¿Qué significa el dicho cubano &quot;¿Estás comiendo lo que come el pollo?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2016-06-27T14:56:59.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una búsqueda en www.duckduckgo.com he encontrado tres enlaces que indican su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reemberto.com/Dichos_Cubanos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.reemberto.com/Dichos_Cubanos.html&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;You're wasting your time in foolish things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.speakinglatino.com/word/estar-comiendo-de-lo-que-pica-el-pollo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.speakinglatino.com/word/estar-comiendo-de-lo-que-pica-el-pollo/&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;To act like a fool. (Cuba Definition)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.speakinglatino.com/word/comiendo-de-lo-que-pica-el-pollo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.speakinglatino.com/word/comiendo-de-lo-que-pica-el-pollo/&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;Phrase used when someone is interested in someone else that has been around the block, in other words someone whom everyone else has already had sex with. (Puerto Rico Definition)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llama la atención la diferencia en el significado en Cuba y Puerto Rico según esas fuentes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las definiciones que se muestran no son citas textuales de los enlaces, ya que han sido ligeramente editadas por @Efren para corregir errores gramaticales presentes en los originales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastEditorDisplayName="user12422" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T19:50:28.013" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T19:50:28.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-27T17:24:11.753" Score="1" ViewCount="461" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I have for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuerpo de mujer, blancas colinas, muslos blancos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  te pareces al mundo en tu actitud de entrega. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Body of woman, white hills, white thighs,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  you look like the world in your attitude of surrender. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this right? I'm particularly confused about &quot;te pareces al mundo&quot;. I think the reflexive for &quot;parecer&quot; is &quot;to look like,&quot; but then is the personal &quot;a&quot; used for the world because it is being anthropomorphized? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13014" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T06:45:13.587" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T08:04:43.523" Title="How to translate Neruda's verses &quot;Cuerpo de mujer, blancas colinas, muslos blancos / te pareces al mundo en tu actitud de entrega&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-27T18:25:50.733" Score="3" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;For these two lines of a poem by Neruda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cuerpo de labriego salvaje te socava&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y hace saltar el hijo del fondo de la tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My wild farmworker body is undermined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;and makes the boy at the bottom of the earth jump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I am most confused about the reflexive of 'Socavar' and how to translate 'hace'. Most importantly, I don't really get line 4 at all and wonder if my translation is off. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13014" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T08:38:04.127" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:42:03.567" Title="How to translate Neruda's verses &quot;Mi cuerpo de labriego salvaje te socava / y hace saltar el hijo del fondo de la tierra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17227" CreationDate="2016-06-27T18:55:57.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &quot;socava&quot; it's very close to &quot;mining&quot;. However, it doesn't only applies to land or mineral context, can also be related to information (like a detective could &quot;socavar datos&quot;). You have used another use of the term -undermined- but is not the proper one in this case. In mining terms, the word &quot;socavón&quot; refers to the deep inside mine galleries used to extract minerals. Neruda's description is more related to a farmer wildly plowing her female body in a sexual intercourse and by doing this 'extracting' from her womb, a son. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T13:42:03.567" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:42:03.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17226" CreationDate="2016-06-27T21:19:12.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation looks spot-on to me! Just a few notes: &quot;en tu actitud de entrega&quot; can be reworded as &quot;con respecto a tu actitud de entrega&quot;. I'm not sure if the same is true for the English sentence. &quot;Parecerse en&quot; is almost a collocation where the complement introduced by &quot;en&quot; expresses in what sense both things look alike. Hence the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se parecen ni &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; el blanco de los ojos&lt;/em&gt; (= &quot;They don't look in the least bit alike&quot;, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/parecerse-ni-en-el-blanco-de-los-ojos.2094768/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neruda is saying that she looks like the rest of the world in that both have complied; the world because that's what people do, and in her case because she's given in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;parecer&quot; and &quot;parecerse a&quot; mean &quot;to look (like)&quot;. The former is used for impressions or when guessing, closer to &quot;to seem&quot;, and the latter is used for comparing two things, closer to &quot;to look like&quot;. Note the preposition &quot;a&quot; is strictly necessary in the second case, and in no way is it restricted to people — objects can also look alike. In sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este cuaderno se parece &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; uno que tenía yo cuando era joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there's no anthropomorphization, only a comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in &quot;A parece B&quot; the speaker is saying there is a chance A &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; B, while in &quot;A &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; parece &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; B&quot; A isn't B, but it &lt;em&gt;looks&lt;/em&gt; like it. In English, you could make that difference explicit by saying &quot;A seems to be B&quot; vs &quot;A and B look alike&quot;. In the first case B can be either a noun or an adjective, while in the second case it can only be a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS — this is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a case of &quot;personal a&quot; but just the &quot;enlace&quot; of a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_de_r%C3%A9gimen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento de régimen&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &quot;A B&quot; in &quot;A se parece a B&quot; shares some characteristics with indirect objects (you can say &quot;A se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; parece&quot;) and &quot;complementos de régimen&quot; (you don't need to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17192/why-use-las-in-esper%C3%A1ndolas/17194#17194&quot;&gt;duplicate the pronoun&lt;/a&gt; in &quot;A se parece a él&quot;). In any case, &quot;personal a&quot; only applies to direct objects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more about these constructions in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGVQTdEOaAmHZSWz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§35.6&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T08:04:43.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13638" CreationDate="2016-06-28T06:17:46.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice @kaod, significa  &quot;írsele a uno la cabeza por algo&quot;, queriendo decir que alguien está actuando sin sentido común o coherencia. Siendo una frase coloquial, será difícil encontrar una definición ofical más que en sitios populares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101223143242AAR5AWL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Respuesta de opiniones personales en Yahoo: &lt;/a&gt; &quot;Se te va la olla = Pierdes la cabeza / Pierdes el juicio / Haces locuras / Reaccionas irracionalmente&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Se te va la olla&quot;: Frase utilizada por un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.laneveraroja.com/restaurant/n9oc/se-te-va-la-olla-juan-florez-san-pablo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Restaurante Español&quot;&gt;restaurante español para nombrar el establecimiento.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás esta cita de una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum17/secciones/estudios-9-cabeza.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;revista filosófica&lt;/a&gt; es suficientemente oficial: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, pues, a pesar de que la voz española cabeza procede del latín&#xA;  caput, otras lenguas romances como el francés y el italiano derivan su&#xA;  equivalente de cabeza de la voz latina testa (e.j. francés tête,&#xA;  italiano testa), que significa olla. Huellas de esta transferencia&#xA;  metafórica permanecen en el español en la acepción de olla como&#xA;  cabeza, tan frecuente en expresiones como estar mal de la olla o se le&#xA;  va la olla y más explícitamente en el cultismo testa y su derivado&#xA;  testarudo (Mortara, 1980, p. 167)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastEditorUserId="1629" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T02:11:11.090" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T02:11:11.090" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17227" CreationDate="2016-06-28T07:06:40.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;socavar&lt;/em&gt; is not used reflexively here, as it says &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;te socava&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;se socava&lt;/em&gt;. But your translation of &lt;em&gt;hace&lt;/em&gt; is OK, in this case &lt;em&gt;hacer saltar [a alguien]&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to make [somebody] jump&lt;/em&gt;. Nonetheless, I think a most accurate translation would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My wild farmworker body undermines you&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;and makes the son burst forth from the depths of the earth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you will clearly see the meaning of the verses if you change the last one to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y hace brotar al hijo desde el fondo de la tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can replace &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;seed&lt;/em&gt;, and you will have no more doubts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T07:06:40.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2016-06-28T09:22:31.347" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuegos artificiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los que explotan sin lluvia de luces se les llama &quot;petardos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuegos artificiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al evento se le llama &quot;espectáculo de pirotecnia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juegos pirotécnicos (organizados por el estado o alguna entidad y operados por profesionales)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pólvora (Quemar pólvora = Juegos/Fuegos artificiales usados por las personas del común, casi siempre de manera ilegal por encontrarse prohibidos en casi todo el país)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cuba&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuegos artificiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuegos artificiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuetes, Cuetones O &quot;Castillos&quot;, tambien Fuegos Artificiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T01:02:37.387" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T01:02:37.387" CommentCount="8" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-28T09:22:31.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17237" CreationDate="2016-06-28T09:56:11.337" Score="3" ViewCount="25886" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/7153/1674&quot;&gt;an answer&lt;/a&gt; I saw a reference to the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cuate&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, used in Mexico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) es como amigos o compadres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=cuate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; translates it to &quot;mate&quot;, &quot;pal&quot;, &quot;buddy&quot; and RAE also has references to the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BU52usF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del náhuatl cóatl 'serpiente', 'mellizo'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Méx. mellizo (‖ nacido de un mismo parto). U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Méx. Igual o semejante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. y f. El Salv., Guat., Hond. y Méx. Camarada, amigo íntimo. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I still wonder: in what context is it used? Is it slang? What is its origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T18:23:35.997" Title="What does &quot;cuate&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17203" CreationDate="2016-06-28T11:42:19.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez para &lt;em&gt;coach&lt;/em&gt; pudiera funcionar &lt;strong&gt;preceptor&lt;/strong&gt; (persona que enseña, esp. como maestro privado), que sugiere respeto y que, como actualmente no se usa casi, no induce a confusión. El único problema que le veo es que no se me ocurre cuál podría ser el verbo correspondiente a &lt;em&gt;coaching&lt;/em&gt;. &quot;Precepción&quot; suena un poco raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T11:42:19.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15278" CreationDate="2016-06-28T14:56:44.517" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se refiere a la forma, sino a que &quot;los tiene bien puestos&quot; o &quot;en su sitio&quot;. Cuando algo encaja bien en algún lugar, se dice que &quot;cuadra perfectamente&quot;, pues es fácil que algo de forma cuadrada encaje bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, se refiere a que se le dan bien la condición de hombre, pues los genitales, símbolo de su valor, le cuadran perfectamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12993" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T14:56:44.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7143" CreationDate="2016-06-28T21:16:34.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para la traducción mexicana debo diferir. Fireworks se dice Fuegos Artificiales. No obstante, hay 3 cosas que debes saber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Cuetes&quot; es una forma incorrecta de decirlo, la cual a pesar de que sí se usa; significa borracho, borrachera o un corte de carne (link &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BbKTGhZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BbKTGhZ&lt;/a&gt;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Cohete&quot; puede ser empleado y su definición con respecto a la palabra que buscas es: &lt;em&gt;Fuego de artificio que consta de un canuto resistente cargado de pólvora y adherido al extremo de una varilla ligera. Encendida la mecha que va en la parte inferior del canuto, la reacción que producen los gases expulsados le imprime un rápido movimiento hacia la altura, donde estalla con fuerte estampido&lt;/em&gt; (extraído de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9guhddN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9guhddN&lt;/a&gt;). No obstante, no es tan usado en México. &#xA;Cabe notar además, esta definición solo alcanza para un subconjunto de los fuegos artificiales. No todos los fuegos artificiales son cohetes, pero todos los cohetes son fuegos artificiales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier duda, la RAE es el sitio oficial donde puedes buscar palabras. Si en ella no está, entonces no existe oficialmente. Espero haya sido de ayuda, ¡Suerte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="13046" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T21:45:08.063" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T21:45:08.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2016-06-28T21:42:24.597" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to answer your questions one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) In what context is it used?&#xA;It's used in two different ways: The first is used as the English word &quot;twins&quot;, the second one is used in order to express a strong friendship with someone. The logic behind why the second meaning arose is simple: you are such good friends that you might as well be twins (because of the strength of a relationship with a twin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Is it slang?&#xA;No, since the word is defined by the RAE (Real Academia Española) it is an official word in the Spanish language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Origin:&#xA;Cuate comes from the language nahuatl and the word &quot;cóatl&quot;, which means snake (&quot;serpiente&quot;) or twin (&quot;mellizo&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll attach you the link which contains the information: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BU52usF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BU52usF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really hope it helps you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T19:16:50.947" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T19:16:50.947" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="213" CreationDate="2016-06-28T23:15:32.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I  must disagree, it doesn't reflect quantity. &quot;Y en tu boca llevarás sabor a mí&quot; in the context of the song is a mock that no matter what happened, despite not being together or as much as time passed, her &quot;flavour&quot; will remain in his mouth, making a double meaning statement. Which implies that he can never erase what happened and comparing the memories of their encounters to the after taste you have after eating food. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T06:40:33.047" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T06:40:33.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17242" CreationDate="2016-06-29T04:10:38.603" Score="8" ViewCount="5646" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi lengua nativa es el español y recientemente me percaté que al momento de pronunciar la letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como en el caso de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cada, asado, soldado, jugada, nado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; como fonema &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;) como en &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;acabar, guayaba, navío, a veces, saber, revés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas letras cuando se encuentran en medio de dos sonidos vocálicos se pronuncian diferente, sin demasiada fuerza, no hay explosión de aire al pronunciarlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a diferencia de cuando se halla al inicio de una palabra, sílaba después de consonante u oración en general como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mando, diario, senda, domo, mundo , dama&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la lengua no toca el paladar y aún es entendible su pronunciación e igual ocurre con la letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, en palabras como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;barco, vida, bueno, venir, combo, envío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la pronunciacion tiene mayor fuerza, más sin embargo entre vocales, los labios se aproximan entre sí, mas no tienen contacto al momento de la pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuchando audios y viendo videos de otros acentos (mi acento es el neutro colombiano que se habla en Bogotá), noto que es también evidente en otras regiones de la comunidad hispanohablante. Viendo esto mis dudas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es común o general esta pronunciación? ¿Tiene algún nombre este fenómeno de pronunciación?&#xA;¿En qué casos no ocurre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9399" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-16T17:08:54.240" LastActivityDate="2021-02-16T17:08:54.240" Title="Pronunciación letras &quot;d&quot;, &quot;b&quot; y &quot;v&quot; entre vocales" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17244" CreationDate="2016-06-29T04:19:30.333" Score="2" ViewCount="540" Body="&lt;p&gt;I first heard the phrase &quot;¡lávate las manos!&quot; in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eacj334RVjc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a clip from American Dad&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the (indirect?) object pronoun &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; necessary here? Why wouldn't it be &quot;¡lava las manos!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Colombian friend also said to me last night (if I'm quoting correctly) &quot;Vamos a lavarnos los dientes&quot;. When I heard that sentence, I hear &quot;We're going to brush us the teeth&quot; even though it translates to &quot;We're going to brush our teeth&quot;. The &quot;nos&quot; seems redundant but I couldn't get my friend to explain. It just seemed clear to him. But it's not yet clear to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13049" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T06:41:52.883" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T09:39:19.753" Title="Why is the indirect object pronoun &quot;te&quot; used in &quot;¡lávate las manos!&quot; and other such sentences?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17240" CreationDate="2016-06-29T04:50:36.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The object pronouns play a necessary role to show who or what we are referring to. If it's not placed, the meaning can change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Láva&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; las manos = las manos tuyas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lava las manos = ¿Cuáles? ¿Las tuyas o las mías?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vamos a lavar&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; los dientes = nuestros dientes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vamos a lavar los dientes = ¿Cuáles? ¿De quién?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens when using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta bañar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; = A mí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me gusta bañar = ¿A quién o qué cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T04:50:36.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17239" CreationDate="2016-06-29T07:08:56.113" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es la pronunciación normal del español. El proceso se llama &quot;lenición&quot; (= debilitación) y ocurre cuando /b, d, g/ se pronuncian entre vocales (y otros contextos); dejan de ser consonantes oclusivas para pasar a ser aproximantes/fricativas. Puedes mirarlo en cualquier manual de fonética española, incluso en &lt;em&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T07:08:56.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17240" CreationDate="2016-06-29T07:13:59.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the indirect object is a means to express the same thing the possessive expresses in English regarding the body parts; bare in mind that for Spanish-speaking people, possessives are redundant: for example in &quot;my head aches&quot;, whose head could hurt, if not mine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could look at it as the way Spanish expresses mediopassive voice (compare to, e.g., Greek).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T07:13:59.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17240" CreationDate="2016-06-29T09:39:19.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you suspect (judging by the &quot;&lt;em&gt;indirect?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;), this &quot;lavar&quot; is not intransitive but pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N18qWGb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DLE entry for &quot;lavar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; you can read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://no.link/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;verbo transitivo&quot;&gt;tr.&lt;/a&gt; Limpiar algo con agua u otro líquido. &lt;a href=&quot;http://no.link/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Usado también como pronominal&quot;&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about pronominal verbs in the DPD page &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/terminos-linguisticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Términos lingüísticos&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;13. verbo pronominal.&lt;/strong&gt; El que se construye en todas sus formas con un pronombre átono que concuerda con el sujeto y que no desempeña&#xA;  ninguna función sintáctica oracional. Algunos verbos son&#xA;  exclusivamente pronominales, como &lt;em&gt;arrepentirse&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vanagloriarse&lt;/em&gt;, y&#xA;  otros adoptan determinados matices significativos o expresivos en la&#xA;  construcción pronominal, como &lt;em&gt;caerse&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;morirse&lt;/em&gt;, frente a &lt;em&gt;caer&lt;/em&gt; o&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Verbos%20pronominales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;as you will see&lt;/a&gt;, the subject is complex and verbs have been classified differently depending on the authors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la lengua española de la RAE, a partir de la&#xA;  decimonovena edición (1970), ya no califica el verbo &lt;em&gt;lavarse&lt;/em&gt; ni&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;alegrarse&lt;/em&gt; como reflexivo, sino como pronominal. Y todos los verbos que&#xA;  se pueden conjugar con los pronombres reflexivos (clíticos), tengan&#xA;  sentido reflexivo puro o no, llevan la abreviatura: U. t. c. prnl. (=&#xA;  usado también como pronominal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pesar del cambio de nomenclatura de la RAE, algunos gramáticos, como&#xA;  Marcos Marín (1980: § 13.8) siguieron clasificando los verbos como&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;transitivos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;intransitivos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reflexivos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reflexivos formales&lt;/em&gt; o&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;gramaticales&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;recíprocos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to &quot;VERBOS TRANSITIVOS DE ACCIÓN REFLEXIVA&quot; and you will read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término ‘reflexivo’ se refiere solo a la identidad, en la realidad&#xA;  designada, entre sujeto y objeto directo o indirecto de una oración:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Luis se lava&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luis se lava la cara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pronombre reflexivo indica que la acción expresada por el verbo&#xA;  pasa, como complemento, al mismo sujeto que la realiza. Es decir, es&#xA;  una palabra que repite el grupo del sujeto, en función de complemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista sintáctico, el pronombre reflexivo reproduce&#xA;  como complemento directo o indirecto a la persona que funciona como&#xA;  sujeto de un verbo usado como reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you scroll down to &quot;VARIACIONES GEOGRÁFICAS Y DIFERENCIAS DE REGISTRO&quot; you will learn that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el español hablado en la zona noroccidental de España tienen&#xA;  variantes no pronominales algunos verbos que no las poseen en otras&#xA;  áreas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;El jarrón rompió&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;marchar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Tengo mucha prisa, marcho enseguida&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pudrir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Las manzanas pudrirán&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;lavar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a lavar las manos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Puso la chaqueta y marchó&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, though in English you use the possessive to point out whose the hands are of, and in Spanish we use the pronoun, this pronoun is not essential to the understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T09:39:19.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4139" CreationDate="2016-06-29T09:51:46.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Aah!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Cuidado!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Disculpe!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Permiso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Permiso! &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Voy! (voy a pasar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Cuidado!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Paso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Paso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Permiso!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comper (con su permiso)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muévete / quítate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perú&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuidado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Permiso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T01:29:27.413" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-29T09:51:46.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2016-06-29T10:15:51.833" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te digo como traduciría &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; las frases que das de ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is that thing on the wall?&lt;/em&gt;: ¿Qué es &lt;strong&gt;eso/la cosa esa&lt;/strong&gt; de la pared?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;How does this thingy work?&lt;/em&gt;: ¿Cómo funciona este &lt;strong&gt;trasto&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please give me that thingamajig over there&lt;/em&gt;: Por favor, pásame el &lt;strong&gt;chisme&lt;/strong&gt; ese de ahí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Then the, uh, whatchamacallit broke and I couldn't use it anymore&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;Luego el... eh... &lt;strong&gt;cachivache&lt;/strong&gt; se rompió y desde entonces no he&#xA;podido usarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;First, you fasten this    doohickey to the frame...&lt;/em&gt;: Primero fijas&#xA;este &lt;strong&gt;chirimbolo&lt;/strong&gt; al    armazón...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añadiré una variante de mi Córdoba natal: el &lt;em&gt;dese&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;desa&lt;/em&gt;, un &lt;em&gt;deso&lt;/em&gt;... Lo curioso es que haya &lt;em&gt;dese&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desa&lt;/em&gt;. Se usan, más que cuando no sabes el nombre de algo, cuando no lo recuerdas (no te sale) pero &lt;em&gt;te parece recordar&lt;/em&gt; el género de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pásame el &lt;em&gt;dese&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se ha roto la &lt;em&gt;desa&lt;/em&gt; de la puerta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T10:26:44.690" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T10:26:44.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17300" CreationDate="2016-06-29T13:11:09.077" Score="7" ViewCount="986" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de venir de comer y precisamente me acabo de dar cuenta de lo común que es usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;tupper&lt;/em&gt; (abreviado de la marca &lt;em&gt;Tupperware&lt;/em&gt;) para denominar a las fiambreras. De hecho, yo esta última ni la uso, suelo usar más bien el anglicismo y, cuando escribo, la versión adaptada &lt;em&gt;táper&lt;/em&gt;. Pensando que era cosa mía, lo he buscado y encuentro textos &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=w1VlAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22t%C3%A1per%22&amp;amp;dq=%22t%C3%A1per%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjM6oDLns3NAhUEOxQKHfg7AysQ6AEINDAD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como este&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...el asador silencioso que repecha como puede esta palermitana y solitaria noche de domingo, que baja hasta la cocina de su casi ex casa y busca el pequeño &lt;strong&gt;táper&lt;/strong&gt; donde antes de guardar todas las cosas ha apartado tres cabezas de ajo, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Vicente Muleiro, &lt;em&gt;La balada del asador&lt;/em&gt;, Ed. Planeta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé en otros países aparte de España cuál será el uso preferente, si se dice &lt;em&gt;fiambrera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;táper&lt;/em&gt;, eso sería otra pregunta. En todo caso, hay que admitir que el término adaptado se está empezando a usar de forma generalizada al menos en un país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que me hago más bien es: la RAE no tiene recogido ni &lt;em&gt;táper&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;tupper&lt;/em&gt;, obviamente por existir &lt;em&gt;fiambrera&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;strong&gt;¿ha habido algún caso en el que la RAE haya claudicado e incluido un extranjerismo en el diccionario, a pesar de existir una palabra arraigada en español, por el éxito masivo del extranjerismo sobre el término autóctono?&lt;/strong&gt; Estoy hablando de términos que signifiquen exactamente lo mismo, y no inclusiones por significados extendidos, como el caso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17203/12637&quot;&gt;coaching&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio se me ocurrió &lt;em&gt;fútbol&lt;/em&gt;, que gana a &lt;em&gt;balompié&lt;/em&gt; por goleada. Pero luego vi que &lt;em&gt;balompié&lt;/em&gt; no era un término autóctono arraigado, sino &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4uYBXPz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un calco de &lt;em&gt;football&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. De hecho en Ngram se ve que ámbos términos empezaron a usarse &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=f%C3%BAtbol%2Cbalompi%C3%A9&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cf%C3%BAtbol%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bf%C3%BAtbol%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BF%C3%BAtbol%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BF%C3%9ATBOL%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cbalompi%C3%A9%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bbalompi%C3%A9%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BBalompi%C3%A9%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BBALOMPI%C3%89%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;al mismo tiempo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T10:08:43.703" Title="Extranjerismos vs palabras autóctonas en la RAE" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-29T14:01:55.363" Score="13" ViewCount="6200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do Spanish speakers use the word &quot;Tada!&quot; or is there another, better one? I am particularly interested in Mexican Spanish. You use it when something is transformed or revealed. For example, when you reveal an unexpected gift, or when someone enters the kitchen you have unexpectedly cleaned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10986" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T19:27:53.843" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T07:23:53.357" Title="Is there a Spanish word for &quot;Tada!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17249" CreationDate="2016-06-29T14:10:51.757" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;For these cases in Spain we normally say... (hover over the block text to see it!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¡&lt;strong&gt;Tachán&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may hear it with a very long &quot;a&quot;, as in &quot;Tacháááááááán&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Since it is an onomatopoeia, it is not included in the RAE, so the source for the answer is my own memories together with &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ta-da.268028/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this discussion in WordReference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America apparently they use other variants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¡&lt;strong&gt;Ta-tán&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¡&lt;strong&gt;Ta-rán&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last is the one used in Mexico, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17249/is-there-a-spanish-word-for-tada/17250#comment29576_17250&quot;&gt;indicated by Flxtr in comments&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See other onomatopoeias in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Onomatopeya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/tatatachan-95-onomatopeyas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T07:23:53.357" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17249" CreationDate="2016-06-29T14:18:45.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Mexico it would probably would be &lt;strong&gt;¡Tadá!&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;¡Tarán!&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;¡Tará!&lt;/strong&gt;. Since it is not an official word, but a colloquialism, I guess it might change among regions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/tar%C3%A1-tar%C3%A1n.2819479/?hl=es&quot;&gt;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/tar%C3%A1-tar%C3%A1n.2819479/?hl=es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="13046" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T18:23:17.230" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T18:23:17.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17248" CreationDate="2016-06-29T14:50:41.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me la juego por &lt;strong&gt;sandwich&lt;/strong&gt; (desde 1927 en la RAE) y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCCgErE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sándwich&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (con tilde desde 1980 en la RAE). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=s%C3%A1ndwich&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recomienda&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;emparedado&lt;/strong&gt;, pero sándwich, directo del inglés, ha llevado la delantera desde 1910:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDW60.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDW60.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T14:50:41.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17249" CreationDate="2016-06-29T15:04:29.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry if my example is very similar, it is what would be used in Chile: &lt;strong&gt;¡Charáaah!&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in the written language is a bit confusing. I would prefer a simple &lt;strong&gt;¡Sorpresa!&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T15:04:29.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17249" CreationDate="2016-06-29T18:15:13.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Capitan Calzoncillos (&quot;Captain Underpants&quot;), it's &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ta-ta-ta-ta-ta chaaaaah!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T18:15:13.043" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2016-06-29T22:26:17.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el dicho es &quot;Está comiendo lo que pica el pollo&quot; y no &quot;Estás comiendo lo que come el pollo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este dicho se usa de dos maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)&quot;Estás perdiendo tu tiempo&quot;: Dado que el pollo come migajas, el que una persona coma migajas cuando puede y necesita comer comida de mayor tamaño, es una pérdida de tiempo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)&quot;Estás perdido, no estás atento a la situación&quot;: Estás buscando la comida en el suelo que pica el pollo y por ello no pones atención a lo que sucede alrededor de ti. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para responderte a lo que pica el pollo: es probablemente migajas, restos de comida o algún alimento de tamaño pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T22:48:25.387" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T22:48:25.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17249" CreationDate="2016-06-30T02:48:22.947" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico you say simply &quot;tantán&quot;. You will not find it on any dictionary though. It is very smart from you to be interested in Mexican Spanish since it is the BEST Spanish out there. Your best source is Mexican TV shows from the early 90s and earlier. Back then, writers really cared about the language and very few mistakes were made. Nowadays TV shows are plagued with terrible errors. Still, it is much better than in any other Hispanic country, including Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13063" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T02:48:22.947" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17257" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17270" CreationDate="2016-06-30T06:24:48.097" Score="4" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;Totalmente convencido de que en español existían las voces &lt;em&gt;indentar&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;indentación&lt;/em&gt;, me encuentro con que no es así, y que los términos usados y aceptados por la RAE son &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCj54xx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sangrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCq62r8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sangría&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;sangrar&lt;/em&gt;, me encuentro con que todas implican el flujo de algo (sangre, líquidos en generar, incluso resina y hasta bienes en el caso de hurtar). Pero no me imagino cómo llegó a usarse esta palabra para expresar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;em&gt;Impr.&lt;/em&gt; Empezar un renglón más adentro que los otros de la plana, como se hace con el primero de cada párrafo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hay en el proceso de desplazar un párrafo, visto desde el punto de vista del impresor, que justifique el uso de &lt;em&gt;sangrar&lt;/em&gt; para describir esta acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: La voz &lt;em&gt;indentar&lt;/em&gt; se viene &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=indentar&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cindentar%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usando desde 1940&lt;/a&gt; más o menos, me pregunto si la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17248/12637&quot;&gt;la acabará aceptando&lt;/a&gt; algún día...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T13:58:34.130" Title="Uso de &quot;sangrar&quot; en impresión" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17260" CreationDate="2016-06-30T06:50:56.580" Score="4" ViewCount="1092" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según lo que tengo entendido (o lo que leí en Wikipedia), el nombre completo del Presidente de México es «Enrique Peña Nieto, GCB, GCIH, RE». Entiendo que Enrique es su nombre, que Peña es su apellido paterno y que Nieto es su apellido materno, pero ¿qué quieren decir «GCB», «GCIH» y «RE»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;According to what I understand (or what I read on Wikipedia), the full name of the President of Mexico is &quot;Enrique Peña Nieto, GCB, GCIH, RE.&quot; I understand that Enrique is his first name, that Peña is his paternal surname and that Nieto is his maternal surname, but what do &quot;GCB,&quot; &quot;GCIH&quot; and &quot;RE&quot; mean?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchas gracias con antelación! / &lt;em&gt;Thank you very much in advance!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T06:54:02.320" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T06:44:36.050" Title="Abreviaturas en nombres / Abbreviations in names" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-30T06:51:41.173" Score="1" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Gabriel García Marquez's &amp;quot;Memorias de mis putas tristes&amp;quot;, the following sentence is unknown in meaning to me, even the English translation, which I do not understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish: Rosa Cabarcas, cómo no, estaba más allá de todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English translation (Grossman): Rosa  Cabarcas,  of  course,  was  above  everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &amp;quot;más allá de todo&amp;quot; convey a certain idiomatic meaning in Spanish or is it just understood as is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T08:15:03.927" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;estaba más allá de todo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17258" CreationDate="2016-06-30T07:12:14.730" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esas abreviaturas indican honores que ha recibido la persona cuyo nombre acompañan. En este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GCB: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_del_Ba%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gran Cruz de la Orden del Baño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GCIH: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_del_Infante_Don_Enrique&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gran Collar de la Orden del Infante don Enrique&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Henrique&lt;/em&gt; en portugués)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RE: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_del_Elefante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Caballero de la Orden del Elefante&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Ridder af Elefantordenen&lt;/em&gt; en danés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T06:44:36.050" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T06:44:36.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17259" CreationDate="2016-06-30T08:05:22.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation seems perfect to me. In fact, another way of saying the same is &lt;em&gt;estar por encima de todo&lt;/em&gt;, which is the literal translation of your English version. This expression is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F6SsXHC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;included in the DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por encima de todo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. A pesar de cualquier obstáculo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning could be that no opinion from others, no laws, no events and no obstacles can affect you (or your decisions) in any way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T08:05:22.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17259" CreationDate="2016-06-30T08:07:18.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Through Google Books I could find the book and read this sentence in its context. I am copying here a little excerpt for the benefit of anyone reading this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fui el perdedor absoluto en una sola jugada: me quedé sin Delgadina, sin Rosa Cabarcas y sin mis últimos ahorros. Sin embargo, oí el timbre del teléfono una vez, dos veces, tres, y por fin ella: ¿A ver? No me salió la voz. Colgué. Me eché en la hamaca, tratando de serenarme con la lírica ascética de Satie, y sudé tanto que el lienzo quedó empapado. Hasta el día siguiente no tuve el valor de llamar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Bueno, mujer -dije con voz firme-. Hoy sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rosa Cabarcas, cómo no, estaba más allá de todo&lt;/strong&gt;. Ay, mi sabio triste, suspiró con su ánimo invencible, te pierdes dos meses y sólo vuelves para pedir ilusiones. Me contó que no había visto a Delgadina desde hacía más de un mes (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I see, here &amp;quot;estaba más allá de todo&amp;quot; has the meaning that this woman has a deeper understanding of the situation than the person telling the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding, the main character was back then a young man who had some pretensions towards Delgadina; however, his hesitations made it impossible for him to get any further. And Rosa Cabarcas, the kind-of-celestina (matchmaker) is perfectly conscious of the situation and addresses him with a mix of condescension and affection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found some references of the sentence &lt;em&gt;estar más allá de todo&lt;/em&gt; in some religious books, referring God as being beyond everything. So the sentence in terms of construction can be taken from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T08:15:03.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-30T08:56:23.563" Score="7" ViewCount="657" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me&#xA;  contó que no había visto a Delgadina desde hacía más de un mes, que parecía tan&#xA;  repuesta del susto de mis estropicios que ni siquiera habló de ellos ni preguntó por&#xA;  mí, y estaba muy contenta en un nuevo empleo, más cómodo y mejor pagado que&#xA;  coser botones.  (Memorias de mis putas tristes, Garcia Marquez)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edith Grossman translated this paragraph as follows:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She  told  me  she  hadn't &#xA;  seen  Delgadina  for  more  than  a  month,  that  the  girl  seem ed  to  have  recovered  so  well  from  her  fright  at  my &#xA;  destructiveness that she didn't even  mention  it or &lt;strong&gt;ask  for  me&lt;/strong&gt;, and  was  very  happy  in a  new job,  more comfortable &#xA;  and  better-paid  than  sewing  on  buttons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I guess, &quot;ask for me&quot; for &quot;preguntó por mí&quot;. However, I think the narrator in the novel meant that the girl did not ask &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; him, rather than &lt;em&gt;for&lt;/em&gt; him. So, which one is correct here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="12202" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T09:55:59.453" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T11:05:10.930" Title="Does &quot;preguntó por&quot; mean &quot;ask about&quot; or &quot;ask for&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17263" CreationDate="2016-06-30T09:58:31.517" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather interesting question. In this context where two people are just catching up with each other, &lt;em&gt;preguntar por alguien&lt;/em&gt; just means that you are also interested in catching up with other person who is absent from the conversation. It is a mean to show interest about the wellness of that other person. A typical conversation in which a person ask about a third party would be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulano: - Oye, ¿y qué tal le va a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cZGeuK3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zutano&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mengano: - Ah, pues bien, ahora trabaja de chef en un restaurante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that conversation, Fulano &lt;em&gt;pregunta [a Mengano] por Zutano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T11:05:10.930" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T11:05:10.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2016-06-30T11:05:54.213" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Country&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Usage&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Argentina&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt;: primary school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;: secondary school&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Chile&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt; (1): public primary school (1° básico to 8° básico). &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt; (2): higher education institute, part of a university or college (ex.: Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad X). &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;liceo&lt;/strong&gt;: public secondary school (I medio to IV medio). &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt; (1): private school, primary and secondary (1° básico to IV medio). &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt; (2): generic school (&amp;quot;Se acabaron las vacaciones, de vuelta al colegio&amp;quot;).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; Sometimes it used to make an economic or social distinction: &amp;quot;escuela&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;liceo&amp;quot; are free, &amp;quot;colegio&amp;quot; is paid.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Colombia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt;: primary school, generally a public one &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;: all institutions, both primary and secondary  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; Both words are also used for some universities names. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; An university covers the &amp;quot;college&amp;quot; time plus &amp;quot;university&amp;quot; time,&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Cuba&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;There is no difference between &lt;em&gt;ir a la escuela&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ir al colegio&lt;/em&gt;. Both refer to the same institution. &lt;em&gt;Colegio&lt;/em&gt; es used way less frequently than &lt;em&gt;escuela&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;España&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt;: school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;: primary and secondary school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;instituto&lt;/strong&gt;: prep-school &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;  All of them + &lt;em&gt;superior&lt;/em&gt;: college&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Guatemala&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt;: public school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;: private school &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;  Both words could also refer to elementary or high-school level.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mexico&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escuela&lt;/strong&gt;: school, usually grade school level (but in informal speech can be used to refer to &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; educational setting) &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;colegio&lt;/strong&gt;: college (this could be ambiguous -- safer choice is universidad) &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;escuela secundaria&lt;/strong&gt;: high school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;universidad&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;uni&lt;/strong&gt; for short: university &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;secundaria&lt;/strong&gt;: corresponds to the US junior high or middle school &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;preparatoria&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;prepa&lt;/strong&gt; for short: corresponds to US &amp;quot;high school&amp;quot; &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colegio técnico&lt;/strong&gt;: a college that teaches a special trade without taking all the extras needed for a higher degree.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-23T10:22:51.357" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:22:51.357" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-30T11:05:54.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17263" CreationDate="2016-06-30T12:35:51.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ask for someone&lt;/em&gt; can be also interpreted as &lt;em&gt;pedir saber de alguien&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;what's the other person doing&lt;/em&gt; while not being present. (As the previous answer stated it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we could have,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) ni siquiera habló de ellos ni &lt;strong&gt;pidió saber de mí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T12:35:51.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17268" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-30T12:50:17.697" Score="5" ViewCount="1417" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess the literal meaning for &quot;no era para echarse a morir&quot; is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NO(t the right) time to lie to death. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I also found an English equivalent for this as follows:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;that was  no reason to die (Grossman)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That seems to be an idiom in Spanish but I could not find it among idioms. So, what does &quot;no era para echarse a morir&quot; really mean?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More context of the sentence follows:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin muchas esperanzas, porque el teléfono de la vecina donde la llamaba&#xA;  seguía cortado y no tenía la menor idea de dónde vivía. &lt;strong&gt;Pero no era para echarse a morir&lt;/strong&gt;, qué carajo, dijo, te llamo en una hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &quot;Memorias de mis putas tristes&quot;, Gabriel García Márquez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T14:17:44.503" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T12:32:30.793" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;no era para echarse a morir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17268" CreationDate="2016-06-30T13:00:09.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pero no era para morir&quot; can be understood as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;it wasn't  transcendent/important enough to die for.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you can find similar sayings like &quot;It wasn't that big of a deal&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the story, the woman who goes to track the girl gets annoyed by the man who is impatient and nervous so he tells him that it isn't that big of a deal, and that she will call him in an hour, probably implying that with the location of the girl. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read a little more, the man says that she arrived three days later with the girl and that he felt embarrassed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="7001" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T14:55:05.210" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T14:55:05.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17257" CreationDate="2016-06-30T13:37:08.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;http://lapulpera.blogspot.com.ar/2009/03/3-sangrias-3-primera.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explicación&lt;/a&gt; (no sé si verdadera, suena convincente) es esta: Para remarcar la delimitación de los párrafos (punto y aparte) uno de los primeros signos fue el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calder%C3%B3n_(tipograf%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calderón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ( &lt;strong&gt;¶&lt;/strong&gt; ) . En los manuscritos medievales tardíos más lujosos este solía dibujarse al comienzo de cada párrafo en color &lt;strong&gt;rojo brillante (rojo sangre)&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Edad Media tardía, el calderón llegó a ser un signo ornamental estilizado, a menudo en rojo brillante; lo estampaba por un rubricador [*] especializado después de que el texto había sido escrito por los copistas, quienes dejaban espacios en blanco a propósito para tal fin. Sucedía a veces&#xA;  que el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubricaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rubricador&lt;/a&gt; no tenía tiempo para completar todos los ornamentos, y los espacios en blancos quedaban... El problema empeoró con la invención de la imprenta. Los primeros libros impresos dejaban espacios en blancos para los ornamentos a mano, incluyendo espacios para los calderones al comienzo de cada párrafo. Con el tiempo, los ornamentos desaparecieron, y los espacios quedaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Traducido y resumido de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-origin-of-the-pilcrow-aka-the-strange-paragraph-symbol-8610683/?no-ist&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uAn62.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uAn62.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(imagen de &lt;a href=&quot;http://voynichportal.com/tag/pilcrow/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[*] De hecho, el sentido etimológico de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wn4lGEj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rubricar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es &quot;colorear en rojo&quot;: &lt;em&gt;Del lat. tardío rubricāre 'enrojecer'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T13:58:34.130" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T13:58:34.130" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17268" CreationDate="2016-06-30T13:50:12.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a widely used idiom.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's equivalent to say &lt;em&gt;no era para tomárselo a pecho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we imply that something is not &lt;em&gt;para echarse a morir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tomárselo a pecho,&lt;/em&gt; means that the person does not need to take the situation drastically as if it was the end of the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context, you can replace &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pero no era para echarse a morir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pero no es el fin del mundo/que más da&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T13:50:12.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17268" CreationDate="2016-06-30T13:55:25.630" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Colombia when we say &quot;echarse a morir&quot; is used when a person is so depressed that just sits or lays doing nothing but waiting to die.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can imagine it usually does not end in actual death.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the expression means that the situation is not that big of a deal so you would wish you were dead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The equivalent most used in english is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;It's not the end of the world.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-03T12:32:30.793" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T12:32:30.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17263" CreationDate="2016-06-30T15:33:30.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of this paragraph, you are correct, the author meant that the girl didn't asked &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; him. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spanish &lt;strong&gt;Preguntó por&lt;/strong&gt; would mean 'ask about' when the question is about information, and 'ask for' when the question is about objects or directions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13074" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T15:33:30.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17268" CreationDate="2016-06-30T15:57:35.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After having looked at a few snippets where this is used through google the closest I can think of in meaning in English would be &quot;Not yet ready to give up&quot;, and if not as antiquarian in your language as I am &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/11102/dgaleano&quot;&gt;DGaleano&lt;/a&gt; pointed out a nicer usage: &quot;Not reason enough to give up&quot; (though for literary purposes I like &quot;not having shuffled off this mortal coil&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading up on this, I have been thinking about translation principles (notably that directly literal translation usually misses the meaning), so &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin muchas esperanzas, porque el teléfono de la vecina donde la&#xA;  llamaba seguía cortado y no tenía la menor idea de dónde vivía. Pero&#xA;  no era para echarse a morir, qué carajo, dijo, te llamo en una hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Without much hope, because your neighbour which was called cut and had&#xA;  no idea where she lived. But it was not to lie down to die, what the&#xA;  fuck he said, I'll call you in an hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when reading the Spanish, the following feels more correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;He didn't hold out much hope, as the call on the neighbour's phone&#xA;  could cut out anytime and he had no idea where she lived. What the&#xA;  hell, it won't kill me, I'll call you in an hour.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I know it is not the literal exact copy of the snippet above, but from that snippet I think this holds better to the meaning.  I will get the book and read it, see how I manage with translating the quote once I have it in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will try and find some books at home to quote from properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13075" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T14:07:45.497" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-30T16:57:40.263" Score="3" ViewCount="1892" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Barron's 501 Spanish Verbs book says for the two tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conditional (Potencial Simple)&lt;/strong&gt;: used to express &lt;em&gt;conjecture about the past&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Serían las cinco cuando salieron.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Quién sería?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conditional Perfect (Potencial Compuesto)&lt;/strong&gt;: used to express &lt;em&gt;conjecture about the past&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Habrían sido las cinco cuando salieron.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Quién habría sido?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13077" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T17:01:07.983" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T22:49:03.133" Title="What's the difference between the Conditional and Conditional Perfect to convey conjecture?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17275" CreationDate="2016-06-30T17:48:01.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is the &lt;strong&gt;normal conditional&lt;/strong&gt; is used to express something while the action still impact in the present time while the &lt;strong&gt;conditional perfect&lt;/strong&gt; is used to refer to something far in the past and the action has nothing to do in the present because it has finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: You are having lunch with some friends and there are some other friends who are getting late and you ask for the time when those guys left home.&#xA;In that situation you should use &lt;strong&gt;normal conditional&lt;/strong&gt; because the main action (your friends arriving) is still happening. In the other hand, if you ask again for the time when they arrived at the evening you should use the &lt;strong&gt;conditional perfect&lt;/strong&gt; because they already arrived so the main action finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8598" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T17:48:01.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17275" CreationDate="2016-06-30T22:49:03.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is that when we conjecture about the past, we will have anchored ourselves in some period of time.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer serían las ocho cuando llegué a casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time frame is &lt;em&gt;yesterday&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;when I got home&lt;/em&gt;, and since we speculating about something concurrent/contemporaneous with that timeframe, we use the simple conditional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we establish a time frame in the past, but we want to speculate about something happening &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; that time frame (that is, it has &lt;em&gt;already finished&lt;/em&gt;), then we use the conditional perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer cuando llegué a casa, mi familia habría cenado porque vi los platos sucios en la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we anchored the time frame in &lt;em&gt;yesterday/when I got home&lt;/em&gt;, but our speculation is about what happened &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; when I got home, and thus being a completed (or &lt;em&gt;perfect&lt;/em&gt;) action, we use conditional perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that this is the same difference between preterite/imperfect and pluperfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer &lt;em&gt;eran&lt;/em&gt; las ocho cuando llegué a casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ayer cuando llegué a casa, mi familia &lt;em&gt;había cenado&lt;/em&gt; porque vi los platos sucios en la mesa.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. This one would sound more natural with the first two clauses swapped and a few other minor elements changed (&lt;em&gt;mi familia ya había cenado cuando llegué a casa, ya que…&lt;/em&gt;) but I kept the other order to show the parallel with the conditional perfect.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T22:49:03.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17313" CreationDate="2016-07-01T06:53:00.747" Score="5" ViewCount="678" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jugando con Ngram a ver si podía encontrar la palabra más usada del español (va ganando &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=de&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2015&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cde%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; con un 5,8% de apariciones), me encuentro con la siguiente gráfica cuando busqué la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NDE4g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NDE4g.png&quot; alt=&quot;Evolución de la preposición &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la pregunta es simple: ¿qué pasó hacia 1908 que hizo que el uso de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; se disparara del 0,2% al 1,6%?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T08:03:28.767" Title="¿Qué pasó con el uso de la preposición &quot;a&quot; a principios del siglo XX?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8329" CreationDate="2016-07-01T07:05:27.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason why the pronunciation is so different is because a phenomenon called &lt;em&gt;phoneme change&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term is used to design the process from which a language changes their phonetic system over time. It is a universal and inevitable process whereby the languages chance over time and whereby the stages of the language of different periods can develop &#xA;intelligibility among them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Types of changes:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assimilation&lt;/strong&gt;: Process where a sound acquires phonetic features which make them more similar to an adjacent &#xA;phoneme or a close &#xA;phoneme, the&#xA;phoneme is &quot;assimilated&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metathesis&lt;/strong&gt;: It is the change of place of one or more sounds in the interior of a word. It responds to the need of making the pronunciation easier, like crocodilo -&gt;cocodrilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the languages you mentioned and asked about have changed over time because of the reasons above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;: Language has evolved vastly over time, Spanish of 200 years isn't the same as current Spanish. So if a language in a single country can change so much, imagine how could languages that have the same roots can also vastly evolve; specially when there is a far location among them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Bibliography: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambio_fon%C3%A9tico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambio_fon%C3%A9tico&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;https://prezi.com/2dwuqb5kxl58/cambios-foneticos-morfologicos-y-semanticos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://prezi.com/2dwuqb5kxl58/cambios-foneticos-morfologicos-y-semanticos/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T07:05:27.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17412" CreationDate="2016-07-01T08:22:43.110" Score="5" ViewCount="1655" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo cierto cacao con las palabras &lt;em&gt;insertar&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt;. Como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-94K3PrrhWk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diría Camilo Sesto&lt;/a&gt;, ya no puedo más, siempre la misma historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En parte la confusión viene de que en catalán la palabra &quot;inserir&quot; quiere decir &quot;insertar&quot;. Esa era mi teoría, pero mirando las definiciones del DRAE me doy cuenta de que en ciertas acepciones son sinónimas... pero luego &lt;em&gt;injiere&lt;/em&gt; la palabra &quot;injerir&quot;, a la que yo le daba otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkQEbSH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;inserir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. inserĕre 'introducir'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ld3rZOs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;injerir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkUR02C&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;insertar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. insertāre 'injerir'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Incluir, introducir algo en otra cosa. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Dar cabida a una información en las columnas de un periódico o de una revista.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. prnl. Biol. Dicho de un órgano: Introducirse más o menos profundamente entre las partes de otro, o adherirse a su superficie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ld3rZOs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;injerir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. inserĕre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Injertar plantas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Meter una cosa en otra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Introducir en un escrito una palabra, una nota, un texto, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. prnl. Entremeterse, introducirse en una dependencia o negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que mi duda es: ¿qué acepción de &quot;injerir&quot; tiene &quot;inserir&quot;? ¿La transitiva en el sentido de injertar plantas? ¿Hay algún caso en el que &quot;injerir&quot; e &quot;insertar&quot; sean intercambiables, como por ejemplo las acepciones insertar.1 con injerir.2?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T10:45:50.207" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;inserir&quot;, &quot;insertar&quot; e &quot;injerir&quot;? ¿Cuándo son equivalentes?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15512" CreationDate="2016-07-01T09:57:37.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas si hay una palabra para usarla como traducción de &lt;em&gt;recruiting&lt;/em&gt;. La correspondencia exacta entre palabras es rara: no suele haber muchas palabras que puedan usarse en dos idiomas con una correspondencia que resulte natural en todo tipo de contextos. Hay que hacer suposiciones razonables de cómo habría dicho eso en español esa persona (en realidad, una persona ficticia).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren varios casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el que habla es un profesional de RRHH, y parece que ellos utilizan el &quot;reclutar&quot;, pues así habría que decirlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no es así, el &quot;reclutar&quot; me suena raro. Yo mismo, aunque no soy de RRHH, participo en mi empresa en el &lt;strong&gt;proceso de selección&lt;/strong&gt; (y así lo suelo decir). También digo &lt;strong&gt;selección de personal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el que habla no está en el lado de los &quot;reclutadores&quot; sino en el de los &quot;reclutados&quot;, lo más probable es que diga que va a una &lt;strong&gt;entrevista de trabajo&lt;/strong&gt; más que a un &quot;reclutamiento&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y si hablamos de las empresas de &lt;strong&gt;colocación&lt;/strong&gt;, yo diría que el matiz está en que, en vez de tener un puesto y buscar a una persona para cubrirlo, tenemos una persona y buscamos algún empleo en el que sea aceptado (de ahí el hecho de usar el verbo &quot;colocar&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora, permitidme hacer una reflexión. Antes eran &quot;los de Personal&quot; y ahora son &quot;los de Recursos Humanos&quot;. Al final es el mismo departamento, pero me causa recelo el que se quitaran del nombre que trataban con &quot;personas&quot; y decidieran considerarlos &quot;recursos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T09:23:29.830" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T09:23:29.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-01T14:26:51.230" Score="4" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say that a technological system (like a car or a telephone system) is reliable? E.g. not prone to downtime, robust, starts in the winter every time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;confiable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fiable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13091" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T15:04:56.140" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T15:44:32.703" Title="How do you say &quot;reliable&quot; for cars and telephone systems?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-07-01T14:57:05.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Confiable&lt;/strong&gt; would be the word I'd use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este teléfono es poco confiable = This phone is unreliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a very Colombian example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi carro es muy confiable. Nunca se vara. = My car is very reliable. It never breaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T14:57:27.467" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T14:57:27.467" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-07-02T14:15:43.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Confiable&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit odd to me, but it can be a valid option. I am from Spain, and personally I'd prefer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HpsmYNC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fiable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Adj. Que ofrece seguridad o buenos resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even say that the system is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XTrgHXd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;seguro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Adj. Que no falla o que ofrece confianza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you must make sure that the chosen word to represent the concept is widely used by your target, and that will depend on the target's country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-02T15:44:32.703" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T15:44:32.703" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-07-02T14:38:53.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;code&gt;fiable&lt;/code&gt; or something more informal like &lt;code&gt;es de fiar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Este coche es de fiar.&#xA;Los sistemas que tiene el coche son de fiar.&#xA;El móvil es de fiar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13094" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T14:38:53.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18705" CreationDate="2016-07-02T19:27:19.107" Score="8" ViewCount="11077" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que vamos tres personas por la calle: dos chicos y una chica. De repente nos cruzamos con una chica la mar de guapa y ambos chicos decimos &quot;&lt;em&gt;uau, qué guapa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Ante la certidumbre de que el comentario pueda sentar algo mal a nuestra amiga, añadimos &quot;&lt;em&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;mejorando lo presente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión la oigo con cierta frecuencia en España y se entiende bien: X es fantástico, pero no tanto como Y, que es con quien estamos. Es decir, valoramos la cualidad determinada (belleza, lo que sea) de la persona X que hemos visto, pero no por ello dejamos de valorar la de la persona Y a quien tenemos al lado y con quien no queremos ser groseros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale, entendido. Ahora bien, ¿por qué la forma de expresarlo es tan rara? Cuando la oí por primera vez de pequeño me pareció que quería decir precisamente lo contrario: X tiene tal cualidad, pero la valoro especialmente porque la persona Y que está conmigo no la tiene para nada. Es decir, una pura grosería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo una expresión así puede haber llegado a tener tal significado? Es cortés usarla en España, pero ¿se entendería en otros países de habla hispana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-02T20:18:02.520" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T20:01:41.347" Title="¿Qué sentido tiene la expresión &quot;mejorando lo presente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17289" CreationDate="2016-07-02T21:00:33.117" Score="3" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_path_sentence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;garden path sentence&quot;&lt;/a&gt; es una frase gramaticalmente correcta que está construida de modo que lo más probable es que el lector la interprete de un modo incorrecto y se encuentre con una frase sin sentido o con un significado extraño, lo que le lleva a reanalizar la frase para encontrar el significado real. Por ejemplo, en inglés, la frase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;The old man the boat&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; normalmente es procesada / traducida como &quot;El anciano hombre el barco&quot; - como eso no tiene sentido, se reinterpreta &quot;man&quot; como verbo y la frase adquiere ya sentido (&quot;El anciano está a cargo del barco&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Cómo se diría en español &quot;golden path sentence&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12422" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T10:28:42.000" Title="Traducción de &quot;garden path sentence&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17288" CreationDate="2016-07-02T22:06:18.567" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;garden path&lt;/em&gt; se traduce en este contexto como &lt;em&gt;vía muerta&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces &lt;em&gt;garden path model&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;modelo de vía muerta&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;garden path sentence&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;oración de vía muerta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0071-17132015000100001&amp;amp;script=sci_arttext&quot;&gt;Ejemplo de uso 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El estudio sobre el procesamiento de oraciones con ambigüedad temporal, conocidas también como &quot;oraciones de vía muerta&quot; o &lt;em&gt;garden path sentences&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.redib.org/recursos/Record/oai_articulo129934-procesamiento-oraciones-ambiguas-via-muerta-envejecimiento-estudio-experimental&quot;&gt;Ejemplo de uso 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumen&lt;/strong&gt; Se presentan los resultados de un estudio experimental cuyo propósito es determinar si el envejecimiento cognitivo normal afecta o no el procesamiento de oraciones ambiguas de &quot;vía muerta&quot; que llevan a cabo los adultos mayores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt; This article presents the results of an experimental study whose purpose is to determine whether normal cognitive aging affects older adult's processing of ambiguous &quot;garden path&quot; sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.psicocode.com/resumenes/6lenguaje.pdf&quot;&gt;Ejemplo de uso 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este tipo de oraciones se llaman de vía muerta, pues&#xA;  inducen al lector a optar inicialmente por un camino erróneo, y son muy útiles en el&#xA;  estudio empírico del análisis sintáctico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de oraciones de vía muerta en castellano extraídas de esos artículos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mientras la joven montaba el potro fue robado de las caballerizas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Pedro le secuestró un gangster su novia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T22:06:18.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17293" CreationDate="2016-07-03T09:57:53.900" Score="2" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría aclarar una pequeña duda que me surgió el otro día relacionada con los condicionales. &lt;em&gt;Grosso modo&lt;/em&gt;, hay tres tipos de condicionales: el Tipo 1, que se formaría con la partícula &quot;si&quot; junto con el verbo en presente de indicativo; el Tipo 2, que se formaría con la partícula &quot;si&quot; junto con el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo; y el Tipo 3 que se forma con el &quot;si&quot; más el verbo en pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta se refiere a cuándo podemos hacer uso del condicional formado por el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo y el condicional perfecto. Por poner un ejemplo, la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si vinieras a la fiesta, habrías conocido a María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido gramatical para mí (no sé si es correcta), y en su lugar yo diría: &lt;em&gt;Si hubieras venido a la fiesta, habrías conocido a Maria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En cambio, la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no supiera manejar correctamente ordenadores, jamás habría conseguido el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me suena algo mejor que: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no hubiera sabido manejar correctamente ordenadores, jamás habría conseguido el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que al conjugar el emisor el verbo en pretérito pluscuamperfecto, podría dar a entender que en algún momento (en la entrevista), supo manejar ordenadores correctamente, pero ahora no tiene por qué saber manejarlos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, lo que me gustaría aclarar es:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es posible y tiene sentido gramatical en castellano un condicional formado por la partícula &quot;si&quot; más el verbo en pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo más el verbo en condicional perfecto?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11110" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T10:01:52.377" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T10:01:52.377" Title="¿Tiene sentido gramatical un condicional construido con el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo y el condicional perfecto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-03T14:48:31.597" Score="1" ViewCount="2694" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba tratando de aprender algo de japonés, y en este idioma usan partículas para &quot;marcar&quot; el sujeto, objeto directo, objeto indirecto, etc. cuando hablan. Tratando de preguntar por qué iba tal o cual partícula en la frase, empiezas a hacerte preguntas sobre el idioma español. En la frase&#xA;&quot;Me gusta el chocolate&quot; según dicen, &quot;el chocolate&quot; es el sujeto de la frase. ¿Por qué es el sujeto? ¿No soy yo el sujeto que gusta del chocolate, y el chocolate es el objeto directo? Más confusión aparece cuando traduces esta frase al inglés: &quot;I like chocolate&quot;. Aquí claramente &quot;yo&quot; soy el sujeto de la frase. ¿Cómo es que en español entonces &quot;el chocolate&quot; es aquello que realiza la acción? No entiendo. ¿Alguien me podría explicar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-03T14:57:39.280" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T06:48:12.193" Title="¿Por qué &quot;el chocolate&quot; es el sujeto en la frase &quot;me gusta el chocolate&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-07-04T06:48:23.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17290" CreationDate="2016-07-03T19:14:12.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para hacer una analogía con el inglés, esto se conoce como &lt;em&gt;condicional mixto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos condicionales mezclan la forma con el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo con el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo y también con la forma condicional presente del verbo y el condicional perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso se basa en la referencia temporal de lo que se desee expresar ya sea con una situación imaginaria del presente y con un resultado de una acción que no ocurrió en el pasado o viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;no supiera/supiese&lt;/strong&gt; manejar correctamente ordenadores, jamás &lt;strong&gt;habría conseguido&lt;/strong&gt; el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto muestra que la persona &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; correctamente manejar los ordenadores, es una situación permanente, y con su implicancia en un punto particular del pasado: la persona &lt;strong&gt;consiguió el trabajo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si no &lt;strong&gt;hubiese/hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; sabido manejar correctamente ordenadores (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto muestra que la persona &lt;strong&gt;supo&lt;/strong&gt; manejar los ordenadores en un punto definido del pasado. No sabemos si es permanente, pero sí sabemos de que su implicancia es que consiguió el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T00:19:18.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17291" CreationDate="2016-07-04T00:15:36.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo, en este caso, que recurrir a la posible traducción del inglés sea de ayuda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu pregunta: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No soy yo el sujeto que gusta del chocolate, y el chocolate es el objeto directo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gustar del chocolate es una de &lt;strong&gt;dos&lt;/strong&gt; construcciones para el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como verbo intransitivo. En este caso eres tú quien siente el placer por comer chocolate y eres tú el sujeto que realiza la acción. El chocolate es el complemento, y es introducido por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de(l)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra construcción es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...me gusta el chocolate.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sujeto que realiza la acción es la causa del placer, es decir, el chocolate. Tú eres quien siente el placer y estás expresado por un complemento indirecto: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero serte de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gustar#cite_note-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gustar#cite_note-1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&lt;/a&gt;    (tipea &quot;gustar&quot; en la barra de búsqueda)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12931" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T00:15:36.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17287" CreationDate="2016-07-04T02:27:49.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina alguna vez la he oído, más o menos con el mismo significado. Pero tampoco es fácil justificarla, parece un sinsentido. Se &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/mejorando-lo-presente.911860/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aduce&lt;/a&gt; que, en  la oración subordinada &quot;... mejorando lo presente&quot;, &quot;lo presente&quot; es un sujeto; con lo cual una paráfrasis aproximada sería &lt;em&gt;&quot;... dando por supuesto que lo aquí presente mejora (es decir, supera) lo dicho&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. A mí la explicación me resulta un poco artificiosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T02:27:49.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17192" CreationDate="2016-07-04T05:13:30.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si es una oración con objeto directo. &#xA;Sujeto.  + verbo/s. +objeto directo.&#xA;(Nosotros)Estamos esperando a María y a Luisa.&#xA;Sustituimos los objetos directos por pronombres directos.&#xA;Pronombres directos:&#xA;Lo/los/la/las&#xA;Por lo general el objeto directo corresponde a cosas. Pasa con los verbos transitivos. &#xA;María y Laura. (personas femeninas y plural) por eso usamos el pronombre directo las.&#xA;Estamos usando una oración progresiva. &#xA;Podemos decir:-- Las estamos esperando. Estamos esperandolas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13104" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T05:13:30.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17304" CreationDate="2016-07-04T09:03:21.017" Score="3" ViewCount="590" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase que da título a esta pregunta podría ser una frase recurrente usada por un refinado camarero en un típico chiste (o no), por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asistente: ¿Qué va a tomar el señor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hitler: ¡Polonia!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asistente: Me refiero para cenar, señor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, tengo entendido que en algunos países cuando se habla de &quot;el señor&quot; en realidad se está hablando exclusivamente de &quot;el Señor&quot;, es decir, de Dios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto así? Y en caso afirmativo, y dadas las acepciones siguientes de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcBNzxH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;señor&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona respetable y de cierta categoría social.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que muestra dignidad en su comportamiento o aspecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona de cierta edad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿qué alternativas se usan en dichos países para estos menesteres? Por ejemplo, para la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién es el señor que está sentado junto a la ventana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usaría &quot;caballero&quot;? ¿O simplemente &quot;persona&quot;, perdiendo los matices de la definición? Nótese que mi pregunta se refiere al uso de la expresión de forma hablada y no escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-04T11:28:44.513" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T16:13:39.530" Title="¿Qué va a tomar el señor?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17298" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-07-04T09:08:30.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas concernientes al español (palabras, frases, expresiones) usado en asuntos relacionados con la religión y sus manifestaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-04T09:34:40.773" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T09:34:40.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17299" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-07-04T09:08:30.807" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el español usado en religión." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-04T09:34:32.960" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T09:34:32.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17248" CreationDate="2016-07-04T10:27:34.217" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respuesta en modo &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt;, siéntete libre de ampliar esta respuesta si conoces algún caso similar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo del caso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5hicJzA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bluyín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (comentado por Yay), buscando en el DPD encuentro que es un término aceptado en determinados lugares donde no existe alternativa. De hecho, en dichos lugares se lleva usando el término desde antes de la adaptación usada en otros sitios, y la RAE no desaconseja expresamente su uso, sino que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=vaquero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo acepta&lt;/a&gt;. Igualmente, guifa mencionó &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8f3hn6l%7C8f4VoQ1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chatear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero también está &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=chat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aceptada por la RAE&lt;/a&gt; al ser un término utilizado para un tipo muy concreto de charla. Sin embargo, PiQ mencionó la palabra &lt;em&gt;tipear&lt;/em&gt; en su respuesta a otra pregunta y, aunque dijo que dicho término no competía con ningún otro en su lugar de residencia, en este caso la RAE sí que desaconseja explícitamente su uso al existir alternativas autóctonas de uso arraigado. Por tanto, se podría considerar que esa expresión supuso una victoria sobre el término arraigado, al menos en determinados lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abro pues una lista con esta y otras palabras similares que me ido encontrando y que podrían considerarse como respuestas a esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoqvKTb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tipear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tipear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaconsejado por la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, en favor de &lt;em&gt;mecanografiar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dactilografiar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pasar/escribir a máquina&lt;/em&gt;. Yo añadiría incluso &lt;em&gt;teclear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bsoNdx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bisnes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=business&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaconsejado por la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, en favor de &lt;em&gt;negocio&lt;/em&gt;, palabra arraigada que proviene del latín.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z7mZk4e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Táper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Como afirma @walen, la RAE acabó aceptando &lt;em&gt;táper&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario en su actualización de noviembre de 2017.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T10:08:43.703" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T10:08:43.703" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-07-04T10:27:34.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17297" CreationDate="2016-07-04T11:18:18.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar caballero en lugar de señor, naturalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de la RAE es clara respecto al uso de la palabra: cuando se usa como &quot;el Señor&quot;, con  mayúscula, se refiere a Dios (también en mayúsculas aquí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el Señor&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. m. por antonom. En el cristianismo, Dios Padre.&#xA;  2. m. En el cristianismo, Jesucristo, especialmente considerado en la eucaristía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nuestra Señora&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. f. En el cristianismo, la Virgen María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nuestro Señor&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. m. el Señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12958" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T11:18:18.353" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2016-07-04T11:42:21.083" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually it's not a gender reversal but a tradition that survives (inherited from Latin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8Tu5qHMtQD63wEn6zW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The complete rules&lt;/a&gt; are intrincate and arbitrary, kind of &quot;well that sounds good to me&quot;, full of exceptions and even exceptions to the exceptions (see the variable use with toponyms or the &quot;árbitra&quot; or &quot;árabe&quot; cases). It is used with common names (&quot;El ágata es una piedra preciosa&quot;) but not with proper nouns (&quot;Ella ya no es la Ágata que conocí&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has nothing to do with cacophony. Note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; águila ávida se lanzó sobre la presa.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; ávida águila se lanzó sobre la presa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it more cacophonic the first than the second word just because one is a noun and the other is an adjective? Oh, &lt;strong&gt;we all&lt;/strong&gt; forgot to say that the article change must be used &lt;em&gt;with nouns but not with adjectives&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's sometimes said that this way it's easier to pronounce. What about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Qué es ese papel?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —El alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Cuál es tu hija?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —La alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see that you can pronounce both sentences without being damaged (at least permanently).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask me and I will answer &quot;let it disappear&quot;. At least, the academicians might let it be optional. I think it's good for nothing more than confusing people to make them say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nunca digas «de &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; alt=&quot;esta&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;este&lt;/strong&gt; agua no beberé».    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; alt=&quot;buena&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buen&lt;/strong&gt; hambre no    hay pan duro.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FN9PW.gif&quot; alt=&quot;La nueva&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El nuevo&lt;/strong&gt; aula es más grande.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nunca digas «de &lt;strong&gt;esta&lt;/strong&gt; agua no beberé».    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;buena&lt;/strong&gt; hambre no hay pan duro.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La nueva&lt;/strong&gt; aula es más grande.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T10:27:15.420" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T10:27:15.420" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17303" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17309" CreationDate="2016-07-04T15:09:40.697" Score="5" ViewCount="14082" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Juan, ¿has traído los cedés de Joselito que te pedí?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Caramba, no, se me ha olvidado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Anda que... &lt;strong&gt;estás en la parra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, en España utilizamos &lt;em&gt;estar en la parra&lt;/em&gt; para identificar el estado de alguien que es (o está) despistado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge alguna acepción idiomática &lt;em&gt;subirse a la parra&lt;/em&gt; en su entrada de &lt;em&gt;parra&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RyYokGJ%7CRyZdqBQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;parra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Quizá del gót. *parra, -ans 'cercado, enrejado'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;subirse alguien a la parra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Darse importancia, enorgullecerse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. verb. coloq. Tomarse atribuciones que no le corresponden.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. loc. verb. coloq. montar en cólera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no recoge esta que menciono yo. Por tanto, me surge la duda del origen de tal divertida expresión. ¿Se conoce en otras regiones? ¿Se usa en otras países hispanohablantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, añado alguna otra forma también usada por aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://babia.net/2011/del-nombre-de-babia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar en Babia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar en la luna de Valencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar empanado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-04T15:14:48.800" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T23:32:53.487" Title="¿Por qué &quot;estar en la parra&quot; quiere decir estar despistado?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17297" CreationDate="2016-07-04T15:12:06.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile se usa &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; en general para referirse a cualquier persona que no conocemos para poder referirnos de la manera más correcta posible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Al menos nunca he escuchado que se le dé esa connotación bíblica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se acostumbra bastante también a usar &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En términos generales, ya sea &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt;, siempre lo usamos para referirnos con respeto hacia la persona que no conocemos. Aunque también están las excepciones del estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquí está el &lt;strong&gt;Sr. X&lt;/strong&gt;, pero nunca lo usamos como&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;s&gt;Aquí está el &lt;strong&gt;Caballero X.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T15:12:06.897" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17315" CreationDate="2016-07-04T16:07:32.243" Score="5" ViewCount="1385" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es algo que he estado cuestionándome hace rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En Chile es común usar las formas simples con expresiones de este estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— No me gusta el arroz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Yo me lo &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es mejor decir &lt;em&gt;yo me lo &lt;strong&gt;comeré&lt;/strong&gt; entonces&lt;/em&gt;, como una decisión espontánea al momento de hablar. (Esto, haciendo analogía a uno de los usos del futuro en inglés.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué usar las formas simples en este caso? ¿Es correcto? ¿Cuál es la aplicación gramatical correcta del presente simple?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A menudo me encuentro con muchos hablantes usar expresiones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Mándame el correo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Te lo &lt;strong&gt;envío&lt;/strong&gt; después.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no usar &lt;em&gt;te lo &lt;strong&gt;enviaré&lt;/strong&gt; después&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;te lo &lt;strong&gt;voy a enviar&lt;/strong&gt; después&lt;/em&gt;? &#xA;Para mí las formas simples indican situaciones permanentes, hechos que siempre son ciertos o generalmente usadas con un adverbio. ¿Qué uso se le atribuye realmente? ¿Habrá diferencias regionales?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:50:00.800" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:50:00.800" Title="¿Cuál es la explicación del uso del presente simple con función de futuro?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17297" CreationDate="2016-07-04T16:13:39.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llamar a Dios &quot;Señor&quot; en español es equivalente a llamar a Dios &quot;Lord&quot; en inglés. De igual manera, ninguno de los dos términos es exclusivo para referirse a Dios y se pueden usar en otros contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="711" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T16:13:39.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17303" CreationDate="2016-07-04T17:29:54.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta ocasión parra hace alusión a la vid, o a un viñedo. Dado que el vino se produce de la vid, estar en la parra es una &lt;strong&gt;metáfora&lt;/strong&gt; que hace alusión a alguien mareado (por estar en una parra y se sobrentiende que bebiendo vino) y se ha quedado despistado por hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12993" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T17:29:54.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17303" CreationDate="2016-07-04T22:03:37.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que &lt;em&gt;la parra&lt;/em&gt; que se menciona sí que se refiere al árbol. Sin embargo, el dicho no tiene que ver con el vino. Una parra se suele poner en alto para que la uva se estropee menos (mi suegro tiene una así, sin ir más lejos). Por tanto, si te subes a la parra estás en una posición ventajosa para coger la mejor uva, de ahí el significado que ves en la RAE. A partir de ahí, si te quedas mucho tiempo arriba empiezas a perder la noción de lo que pasa a tu alrededor, y entonces es cuando &lt;em&gt;estar en la parra&lt;/em&gt; adquiere un significado similar a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNmlooy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar en la higuera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que es lo mismo que estar en Babia. Curiosamente, también puedes caerte de la parra, o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNmlooy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;de la higuera&lt;/a&gt; cuando por fin te das cuenta de lo que pasa a tu alrededor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que ignoro es por qué las expresiones con higuera están recogidas por la RAE, pero no así las de la parra. Puede que, sencillamente, sea una expresión demasiado localizada y se conozca únicamente en algunas regiones de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T22:03:37.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17495" CreationDate="2016-07-05T00:58:20.087" Score="6" ViewCount="7515" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile usamos abundantemente la palabra &lt;strong&gt;talla&lt;/strong&gt; para referirnos a una frase espontánea que provoca risa. Puede decirse en lugar de &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;broma&lt;/em&gt; y, a veces, de &lt;em&gt;situación graciosa&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué buena la talla!  (Fue gracioso el chiste)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser tallero o ser bueno pa' la talla. (Ser gracioso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pasó una talla. (Me ocurrió algo gracioso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto de dónde proviene este modismo y si se usa con el mismo significado en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-01T07:50:02.773" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;talla&quot; con el significado de &quot;chiste&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17312" CreationDate="2016-07-05T01:34:55.553" Score="4" ViewCount="5905" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile si te disgustas una y otra vez te salen &lt;em&gt;canas verdes&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este profesor me está sacando canas verdes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa esta expresión en algún otro país? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene alguna explicación u origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2020-11-28T19:18:59.093" Title="Uso y origen de las &quot;canas verdes&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17311" CreationDate="2016-07-05T06:54:13.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Iba a escribir un comentario pero me salía demasiado largo. A ver qué tal con estas hipótesis:&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de nada: En España no recuerdo haberlo oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/%C2%A1me-van-a-sacar-canas-verdes.667173/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; que se usa también en México y, probablemente, toda Latinoamérica. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://weblogs.clarin.com/revistaenie-elmisteriodelaspalabras/2011/01/27/sacar_canas_verdes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un blog argentino&lt;/a&gt; también lo mencionan y &lt;a href=&quot;http://weblogs.clarin.com/revistaenie-elmisteriodelaspalabras/2011/01/27/sacar_canas_verdes/#comment-595&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dan un posible motivo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supongo que la idea de lo imposible es el secreto de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con los comentarios de esta última página vi que alguien hablaba de su acepción en el DRAE, por lo que finalmente me di cuenta de que esta expresión viene indicada en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=79wHJk7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. canus.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. canoso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. De color blanco. U. m. en leng. poét.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. desus. poét. Sabio o experimentado por viejo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Cabello que se ha vuelto blanco. U. m. en pl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sacar canas verdes a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Perú y Ur. Causarle preocupación y disgusto continuos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que podemos determinar que, como mínimo, se utiliza en México, Perú, Uruguay, Argentina y Chile. Tal variedad de países da a pensar que probablemente se usa en todos. Para probar, busqué si se usa en Colombia y resulta que sí. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jergozo.com/significado/sacar-canas-verdes/en/colombia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jergozo&lt;/a&gt; indica que quiere decir &lt;em&gt;Desesperar , abrumar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T06:54:13.660" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17278" CreationDate="2016-07-05T07:10:31.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Contesto para intentar expandir los interesantes comentarios a la pregunta&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17278/qu%C3%A9-pas%C3%B3-con-el-uso-de-la-preposici%C3%B3n-a-a-principios-del-siglo-xx#comment23300_17278&quot;&gt;comentó Yay&lt;/a&gt;, su origen tiene que ver con el hecho de que la ortografía castellana se regularizó. El Ngram que enlaza da buena muestra de ello, produciéndose un desplazamiento de &lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; de forma abrupta hacia 1910:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IIyhd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IIyhd.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10329/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta canónica de guifa a Editions of Spanish Orthographies?&lt;/a&gt; vemos que inicialmente la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; se escribía siempre con tilde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1741&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Ortografia_RAE_1741_reducida.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Preposition &lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt; and conjunctions &lt;em&gt;é&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/em&gt; always accented.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta respuesta no veo dónde se dejó de acentuar. Para ello recurrimos al &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/ntllet/SrvltGUILoginNtlletPub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios académicos&lt;/a&gt; (contiene las ediciones de 2001, 1992, 1925, 1884, 1817 y 1780). Buscando por &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; podemos acceder a una imagen que representa la evolución de la escritura de esta preposición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zV7Sx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zV7Sx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para verlo con más claridad, podemos seleccionar la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/ntllet/SrvltGUIForAceps?numReg=1&amp;amp;sec=1.0.1.0.&amp;amp;V_PUBLIC=V_PUBLIC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (ojo, hay que tener una sesión abierta para que el enlace funcione). Allí vemos que en 1780 había un total de 31 entradas para &lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt;, principalmente para referirse a la preposición. En 1817 estas entradas se mantienen, en 1884 hay cierta reordenación pero se conservan. Sin embargo, en 1925 ya se encuentran en la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/ntllet/SrvltGUIForAceps?numReg=0&amp;amp;sec=1.0.1.0.&amp;amp;V_PUBLIC=V_PUBLIC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Por tanto, vemos un traslado de acepciones de &lt;em&gt;á&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; entre 1884 y 1925.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco qué pasó entre esos años, pues en la respuesta de guifa que mencioné arriba no hay ninguna entrada entre esos dos años. Ved los comentarios aquí abajo en los que Carlos Alejo apunta a la Gramática de la lengua castellana número 25 de 1908.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T08:03:28.767" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1078" CreationDate="2016-07-05T09:59:59.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, the formerly named &lt;em&gt;reflexive verbs&lt;/em&gt; are denominated now as &lt;em&gt;pronominal verbs&lt;/em&gt;. About pronominal verbs, you can read &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17244/12991&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; of mine. You are interested in the role played by the word &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pronombre reflexivo indica que la acción expresada por el verbo&#xA;  pasa, como complemento, al mismo sujeto que la realiza. Es decir, es&#xA;  una palabra que repite el grupo del sujeto, en función de complemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To learn the different combinations of pronominal verbs with another object pronouns, you should completely read &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Verbos%20pronominales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Los verbos pronominales&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (long but interesting document). I hope you will see things more clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the difference between reflexive passive and impersonal sentences, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is one of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/preguntas-frecuentes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FAQ&lt;/a&gt; you can find at the RAE website.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La confusión entre las oraciones de pasiva refleja (con el verbo en&#xA;  tercera persona del singular o del plural, concertando con el sujeto&#xA;  paciente) y las oraciones impersonales (carentes de sujeto y con el&#xA;  verbo inmovilizado en tercera persona del singular) únicamente puede&#xA;  darse con verbos transitivos, pues son los únicos que pueden generar&#xA;  ambos tipos de oraciones: &lt;em&gt;Se buscan casas con jardín&lt;/em&gt; (pasiva refleja)&#xA;  / &lt;em&gt;Se busca a los culpables&lt;/em&gt; (impersonal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives three ways to decide which is the kind of sentence. The only case to use the impersonal is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal expresa persona y va precedido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, debe emplearse la construcción impersonal; por tanto,&#xA;  el verbo irá en singular aunque el elemento nominal sea plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entre los gitanos se respeta mucho a los ancianos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se entrevistó a los candidatos para el puesto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se busca a quienes presenciaron lo ocurrido.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related to this subject, you've got also entry &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;2. &lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; indicador de oraciones impersonales o de pasiva refleja&quot;&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-09T20:36:31.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17306" CreationDate="2016-07-05T10:00:21.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La gramática de la lengua española define este uso del presente como &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=puUSNXUBIDjYcmzN&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presente prospectivo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;presente pro futuro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] se caracteriza por aludir a hechos posteriores al momento de la enunciación. Sin embargo, difiere del futuro en que [...] precisa de la aparición de un complemento que aporte la información necesaria para poder situar la acción en un momento posterior de la línea temporal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, en los ejemplos tienes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me lo como &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te lo envío &lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con la gramática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este uso del presente es característico [...] de los compromisos, así como de las afirmaciones rotundas, la descripción de planes, actuaciones previstas o programadas y otros sucesos venideros cuyo acontecimiento no se pone en duda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, el primero es una afirmación rotunda (yo me lo como) y el segundo es un compromiso (te lo envío después).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_indicativo_en_espa%C3%B1ol#Tiempo_Presente&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se afirma además que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La posibilidad de usar el presente con sentido de futuro es habitual en prácticamente todas las lenguas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, una curiosidad es que en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_japon%C3%A9s#Gram.C3.A1tica&quot;&gt;el idioma japonés&lt;/a&gt; no existe el tiempo futuro en los verbos, sino que se usa siempre el presente de esta misma forma (complementado con expresiones que indiquen la posterioridad de la acción, o simplemente se deduce por contexto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-05T10:05:50.463" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T10:05:50.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17288" CreationDate="2016-07-05T10:28:42.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;También existe el adjetivo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;equívoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el diccionario de la RAE solo da un significado (&lt;em&gt;&quot;que puede interpretarse en varios sentidos, o dar ocasión a juicios diversos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/espanol/equivoco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;segunda acepción de Oxforddictionaries.com&lt;/a&gt; es común en el uso del español: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que promueve o dirige a equivocación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T10:28:42.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17429" CreationDate="2016-07-05T11:34:35.560" Score="7" ViewCount="1371" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente le he estado dando vueltas a cuán talibán debe ser uno a la hora de usar palabras no aceptadas por la RAE. Todo empezó cuando Diego puso el foco preguntando &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17188/1674&quot;&gt;Cuál es la mejor traducción para “Spoiler”&lt;/a&gt;. En ella me mencionaba (gracias desde aquí) como persona que ha ido preguntando en este sitio cómo decir tal o cual anglicismo usando una palabra autóctona; esto es, cómo evitar extranjerismos cuando el castellano ya dispone de palabras para definir un concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En paralelo, llevo unos días leyendo el apartado de Léxico del &lt;em&gt;Manual de gramática histórica&lt;/em&gt; de Ralph Penny que me &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17104/por-qu%C3%A9-el-verbo-tener-introduce-una-i-en-ciertas-conjugaciones-como-t%C3%BA-t/17105#comment22877_17105&quot;&gt;recomendó Paco&lt;/a&gt;. Ahí he visto la gran cantidad de palabras del castellano que vienen de otros idiomas. No ya solo del latín, sino del portugués, catalán, alemán, francés, griego, vasco, árabe y otros. Son palabras, en fin, tan arraigadas ahora mismo en la lengua que a nadie se le ocurriría buscar una palabra española para no utilizar el italianismo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6FLfOZc%7C6FMXtw5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bufón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el catalanismo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4YZmqpT%7C4Yba16F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;avería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o el lusismo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7PtHWgl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;carambola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como colofón a estas lecturas, leía el otro día la columna de Javier Marías &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpaissemanal.elpais.com/columna/narcisismo-enfermedad/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Narcisismo hasta la enfermedad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en la que sacaba a colación el caso del uso de las palabras &lt;em&gt;cáncer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;autista&lt;/em&gt; para registrar comportamientos, además de definir enfermedades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Este sentido metafórico de la palabra está extendidísimo, y a la RAE&#xA;  no le cabe sino registrarlo. Esta institución, en contra de lo que&#xA;  muchos quisieran, no prohíbe ni impone nada; tampoco juzga; a lo sumo&#xA;  advierte, mediante las marcas “Vulgar” o “Negativo”, que tal o cual&#xA;  vocablo pueden resultar malsonantes o denigratorios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo este cúmulo de lecturas me hicieron pensar que probablemente las palabras tienen cierto rango de aceptación: desde algo absolutamente incorrecto a algo aceptado por la RAE, pasando por &quot;bueno, decidlo, pero no demasiado&quot;, &quot;me lo estoy pensando&quot;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17248/1674&quot;&gt;tengo una palabra autóctona pero me quedo con el extranjerismo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;vale, lo acepto en nada&quot;. Todo esto puesto en la coctelera de las tendencias, las variedades por países, las filias y fobias de los académicos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y para no hacer una pregunta tan amplia que sea difícil encajar en un sitio como este, ¿cuál es el proceso por el que la RAE acaba aceptando una palabra? ¿Existe una gradación en cuanto a lo válida que es una palabra? ¿Cuáles deberían ser los límites a la hora de utilizar una palabra en un texto escrito: solamente lo que acepta la RAE para textos formales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T09:54:55.293" LastActivityDate="2021-05-11T17:21:33.957" Title="¿Cómo elige la RAE las palabras que son &quot;válidas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17287" CreationDate="2016-07-05T12:02:54.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La intención del hablante con ese &lt;em&gt;mejorando lo presente&lt;/em&gt; es clara: da a entender (aunque sea de forma fingida) que cree que &lt;em&gt;lo presente&lt;/em&gt; (sea una o sean más personas) mejora (supera, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Onrxgkw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aunque no es un significado reconocido en el DLE&lt;/a&gt;) al alabado en la frase anterior. Pero a veces (más de las que nos gustaría) una intención no se expresa con claridad.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que la frase es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa chica es muy guapa... mejorando lo presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo los puntos suspensivos porque lo normal es que se haga una pausa, pero una coma serviría, según la entonación. ¿Por qué es ambigua la frase?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gerundio, atendiendo a si tiene sujeto propio o no, admite dos construcciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si comparte el sujeto con la oración principal nos encontramos con un gerundio &lt;strong&gt;conjunto&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;concertado&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Siendo tan grosero, acabarás mal&lt;/em&gt;. El sujeto de &lt;em&gt;acabarás&lt;/em&gt; y de &lt;em&gt;siendo&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el gerundio tiene un sujeto propio, que no es ni el sujeto ni el objeto directo de la oración principal, es un gerundio &lt;strong&gt;absoluto&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;no concertado&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Despuntando el día, el labriego se levantó&lt;/em&gt;. El sujeto de &lt;em&gt;despuntando&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;el día&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que el de &lt;em&gt;se levantó&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;el labriego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso, si el gerundio es pospuesto, puede prescindirse de la coma (&lt;em&gt;Acabarás mal siendo tan grosero&lt;/em&gt;), aunque si el gerundio queda muy alejado del verbo principal se aconseja mantenerla. En el segundo caso, esté donde esté la frase del gerundio, hay que separarla con comas. La frase no puede escribirse (o entonarse) así: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VNIZg.gif&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VNIZg.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;El labriego se levantó despuntando el día&lt;/em&gt;. Parecería que es el labriego el que hace salir el sol al levantarse o mientras se levanta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase hecha es un caso de gerundio no concertado. &lt;em&gt;Esa chica&lt;/em&gt; es el sujeto de &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;lo presente&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;mejorando&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Podría ser concertado? Si eliminamos la pausa la frase queda forzada, pero como siempre puede añadirse, es posible la interpretación. Es este caso, &lt;em&gt;lo presente&lt;/em&gt; sería objeto directo de &lt;em&gt;mejorar&lt;/em&gt; y es la chica (el sujeto compartido) la que mejora &lt;em&gt;lo presente&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra fuente de ambigüedad es el hecho de usar el neutro &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, que cosifica a la persona referida. Si no fuera así, no habría lugar para el error, porque habría que decir &lt;em&gt;mejorando a la (persona) presente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T12:02:54.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17420" CreationDate="2016-07-05T12:24:37.103" Score="5" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera lanzar una pregunta para complementar la que acaba de hacer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17317/12637&quot;&gt;proceso de adaptación de palabras por la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, y el uso que se debe hacer de las recomendaciones de ésta en textos formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace varios años hubo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n:Rat%C3%B3n_(inform%C3%A1tica)/Temas_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADsticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una gran controversia&lt;/a&gt; en la Wikipedia, al respecto del artículo sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat%C3%B3n_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ratón&lt;/a&gt; como periférico de un ordenador. Se ve que en América Latina es mayoritario el uso de &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt; sobre el término &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que se adujo que al ser mayoría el número de personas que usaban el primer término, el artículo de la Wikipedia debería ser renombrado. Y así fue, se renombró a &quot;Mouse (informática)&quot;, y &quot;Ratón (informática)&quot; redirigía al primero. Durante un tiempo fue así, pero al final se siguió la recomendación de la RAE. Se argumentó que un artículo de la Wikipedia en español no debería tener un título en inglés existiendo un calco admitido y recomendado, y el artículo pasó a ser denominado &quot;Ratón (informática)&quot;, mientras que ahora es &quot;Mouse (informática)&quot; el que redirige al anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un caso en el que la recomendación de la RAE prevalece. Además, si miramos en Ngram &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=rat%C3%B3n%2Cmouse&amp;amp;year_start=1980&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Crat%C3%B3n%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmouse%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el uso de ambos términos&lt;/a&gt;, se ve que &quot;ratón&quot; va siempre en alza, mientras que &quot;mouse&quot; se estanca y hacia el final de la gráfica comienza a decrecer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S25wg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S25wg.png&quot; alt=&quot;ratón vs mouse&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que &quot;ratón&quot; tiene otra acepción obvia, pero el aumento en su uso desde finales de los años 80 no deja lugar a dudas de que la nueva acepción se usa muchísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría al respecto de la pregunta de fedorqui es que la evolución es: primero evoluciona el habla, luego la escritura que refleja el habla, y por último la RAE. Las recomendaciones de la RAE pueden alterar los textos formales, pero ¿pueden también alterar el habla? ¿Existe algún tipo de transición en los lugares donde se dice &quot;mouse&quot; hacia la palabra &quot;ratón&quot; en la expresión oral?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T05:48:14.107" Title="Uso de &quot;mouse&quot; en América Latina" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17321" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17333" CreationDate="2016-07-05T13:48:26.530" Score="4" ViewCount="1870" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque se pronuncian distinto, supongo que debe haber alguna relación de significado o histórica entre el &lt;strong&gt;carácter&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi suegra tiene muy mal carácter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y un &lt;strong&gt;caracter&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;puedes usar un máximo de 200 caracteres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna relación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T12:51:54.807" Title="¿Hay alguna relación entre el carácter (personalidad) y un caracter (letra)?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17248" CreationDate="2016-07-05T16:52:01.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general, si el extranjerismo se usa en España, la RAE lo valida o lo propone sin mucho problema. Ejemplos: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JEaT8eR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;azúcar glas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (azúcar en polvo o impalpable), &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=parquin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;parquin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (estacionamiento). También prefiere extranjerismos crudos, si se usan en España, a los ya adaptados en otros países. Ejs.: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X1MjvKq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;salami&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X1M0hAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;salame&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cC0P95H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;yidis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (este ni siquiera del ídish, sino del inglés y mal transliterado (!)) por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KugdqLx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ídish&lt;/a&gt;, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una posdata, respondiendo al comentario de Carlos Alejo: En el último diccionario de la RAE (2014) se metieron cientos de extranjerismos, pero no como se escriben, sino como la RAE piensa que deben escribirse, tal vez en un intento de mantener el control (?) y prevenir adaptaciones naturales. No sé qué pasará con todo eso, si se revisará o quedará; no lo tuve en cuenta en mi respuesta. Teniéndolo en cuenta, pues sí, la respuesta es que la RAE acepta casi cualquier extranjerismo sin ningún problema (pero adaptado ortográficamente y muchas veces mal), y ni siquiera hace falta que éste tenga un éxito masivo sobre el término autóctono.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T12:50:40.773" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T12:50:40.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17325" CreationDate="2016-07-05T20:39:13.403" Score="6" ViewCount="1383" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba ardiendo en dudas cuando una secretaria me invitó a seguirla por la misma&#xA;  puerta del fondo, hasta una oficina pequeña, con una larga estantería de gruesos&#xA;  volúmenes. Un beduino colosal se levantó en el escritorio del fondo y me estrechó la&#xA;  mano tuteándome con una efusión de viejo amigo. Hicimos juntos el bachillerato, me&#xA;  dijo, a modo de saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Gabriel García Márquez, &quot;Memorias de mis putas tristes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was burning with doubts when a secretary asked  me  to  follow  her through  the same door  in the rear, &#xA;  into a small office with  long bookshelves that  held thick volumes. A colossal  Bedouin at a desk on the  far side of &#xA;  the office stood and shook my hand, calling me _ tْ __ with the effusiveness of an old friend. We were in secondary &#xA;  school  together,  he  said  by  way  of  greeting (Grossman). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand what the meaning of &quot;tuteándome&quot; in the first paragraph is, whereas the second one does not seem to give a clear translation of it. Any ideas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T10:32:49.323" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T14:01:07.440" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;tuteándome&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-05T20:49:51.067" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is the gerund conjugation of verb &quot;tutear&quot;, which is &quot;tuteando&quot;, plus the personal pronoun &quot;me&quot;. &quot;Tutear&quot; means to treat someone with the colloquial singular 2nd person &quot;tú&quot; particle, instead of the alternative formal one &quot;usted&quot;. As there is not such difference in English, there is not a concrete translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, &quot;me estrechó la mano tuteándome[...]&quot; would mean something like &quot;he shook my hand treating me informally (using &quot;tú&quot; instead of &quot;usted&quot;)[...]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13117" LastEditorUserId="13117" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T11:37:46.453" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T11:37:46.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-05T21:01:19.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In answer to your comment, it is undoubtedly a more colloquial Spanish using &quot;tú&quot; instead of &quot;usted&quot;. However, and depending on the country, it has different connotations. In the case of Spain, it is widely spread the use of &quot;tú&quot;, even in quite formal contexts, especially between the youth and adults who are not very old.&#xA;However, in South America they use &quot;usted&quot; much more, being in some countries almost inexistent the word &quot;tú&quot; in most contexts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the dictionary, I ussually use &lt;a href=&quot;http://wordreference.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; for translating to English, and works in the other direction though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13117" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-05T21:35:28.143" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T21:35:28.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-05T23:27:18.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;tuteándome&quot; is not really used in English since you do not have two different ways to say &quot;you&quot;. In Spanish when you owe respect or you hardly know someone you would say usted and when you are familiar to some one or very friendly you would say &quot;tú&quot;. So if some one is &quot;tuteando&quot; it means he is treating you in a very familiar or friendly way as if he has known you for a very long time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13119" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-07-05T23:42:49.110" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T23:42:49.110" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-06T00:39:30.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a small addendum I will say that in Argentina &quot;tú&quot; is not used; &quot;vos&quot; is the colloquial second person pronoun. Even in that case the verb &quot;tutear&quot; (strangely) means to use &quot;vos&quot;, that is, the informal pronoun. &quot;Vosear&quot; is not unheard of, but very rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13121" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T06:21:32.447" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T06:21:32.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-06T06:54:28.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the most accurate yet outdated translation of &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thou#Use_as_a_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to call thee&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/13120/gabriel-staples&quot;&gt;Gabriel Staples&lt;/a&gt; said in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17324/what-is-the-meaning-of-tute%C3%A1ndome-in-spanish#comment23442_17327&quot;&gt;his comments&lt;/a&gt;, in Old English they had two words: &lt;strong&gt;thou&lt;/strong&gt; (second person, singular informal) and &lt;strong&gt;ye/you&lt;/strong&gt; (second person, plural or formal singular). The word &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt; was declined this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;thou         Nominative&#xA;thee         Oblique&#xA;thy/thine    Genitive&#xA;thine        Possesive&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the informal way to address someone was &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;thee&lt;/em&gt;, a form that has reached our days in formal religious contexts or in literature that seeks to reproduce archaic language. The word &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; was reserved to address a superior person. Although very rare, the use of &quot;thou/thee&quot; as a verb appeared in the English language. Two examples mentioned in the Wikipedia are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I thou thee, thou traitor! &lt;em&gt;(¡Yo te tuteo, traidor!)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don't thee me, thee; I'm you to thee! &lt;em&gt;(¡Tú, no me tutees, para ti soy &quot;usted&quot;!)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As time went by, the form &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; replaced almost every use of &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt;. So now it is very hard to find a proper translation of &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt; in English. As others said, the verb just expresses that someone is addressing other person with familiarity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T10:31:52.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-06T08:01:44.397" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desconozco si preguntas de debate abierto son bienvenidas aquí, si fuera el caso estaría bien una etiqueta &lt;code&gt;debate&lt;/code&gt; u &lt;code&gt;opinión&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Opináis que la RAE (y similares academias lingüísticas) deben tener un rol activo en la evolución de la lengua, o ser meros observadores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado tenemos que se tiene que intentar preservar la lengua, evitar una completa invasión de modismos ya que la perdida de identidad no sólo afecta a la lengua sino a la cultura entera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado no se puede forzar a una lengua a ser de una forma, y la institución correspondiente debe adaptarse a cómo la gente habla y no a la inversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es vuestra opinión en este tema? ¿Debería la RAE intervenir en la lengua? ¿En qué medida? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12826" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T08:39:54.613" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T09:07:07.587" Title="¿Debería la RAE intervenir activamente en la lengua?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2016-07-06T10:30:49.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17330" CreationDate="2016-07-06T08:52:56.940" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE, de hecho, toma un papel activo en la defensa de la lengua. Además de sus recomendaciones de uso, en ocasiones se desmarca con campañas a favor del uso del castellano y en contra del exceso de invasiones externas. Una muestra de ello es su reciente campaña en contra del abuso de términos ingleses en el mundo del &lt;em&gt;marketing&lt;/em&gt; (¿o mercadotecnia?) y la publicidad. Podéis ver el vídeo (lanzado el 18 de mayo de 2016) en YouTube:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBEomboXmTw&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBEomboXmTw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os recomiendo su visionado, porque está hecho con mucho sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, respondiendo a tu pregunta, la RAE sí que debe (y de hecho lo hace) intervenir en la lengua. ¿En qué medida? Pues ejemplos como el vídeo lo dejan claro: cuando hay un peligro flagrante de corrupción del idioma, considerándose como &lt;em&gt;corrupción&lt;/em&gt; una desviación anómala en un intervalo de tiempo demasiado breve. Todo lo que no sea eso se consideraría como una simple evolución del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T09:07:07.587" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T09:07:07.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-06T08:53:09.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I am not a native English speaker, I am not sure whether this translations would help to understand the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A colossal Bedouin at a desk on the far side of the office stood and&#xA;  shook my hand, calling me by my first name with the effusiveness of an&#xA;  old friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though you are adding information not provided by the narrator. Maybe,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A colossal Bedouin at a desk on the far side of the office stood and&#xA;  shook my hand, addressing me in familiar terms with the effusiveness&#xA;  of an old friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could simply use the Spanish word, not hiding that this is a meeting between Spanish speakers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A colossal Bedouin at a desk on the far side of the office stood and&#xA;  shook my hand, addressing me as &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; with the effusiveness of an old&#xA;  friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, tell us what (if any) of the translations sounds good to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T08:53:09.200" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17321" CreationDate="2016-07-06T12:51:54.807" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos por pasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, como ya han apuntado, la palabra &lt;em&gt;caracter&lt;/em&gt; no existe en castellano, sino que en singular se dice siempre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=car%C3%A1cter&quot;&gt;carácter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque se refiera a los signos de escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En segundo lugar: según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;character&lt;/em&gt; y éste del griego &lt;em&gt;χαρακτήρ&lt;/em&gt;. En griego antiguo, según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%81&quot;&gt;el Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra &lt;em&gt;χαρακτήρ&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;instrumento usado para tallar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;persona que talla, tallador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;impresión, estampa, sello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reproducción, representación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;figura, letra, carácter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;característica, carácter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estilo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos últimas acepciones nos indican que, efectivamente, ambos significados ya estaban presentes en el griego antiguo. Precisamente el DPD nos dice que, resumidamente, los dos significados de &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt; son, precisamente, &quot;Conjunto de rasgos característicos&quot; y &quot;signo de la escritura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo imagino que vendrá dado por el significado de la palabra origen, &lt;em&gt;χαράττειν&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hacer una marca&quot;. El carácter se forja mediante las &quot;marcas&quot; que va dejando la experiencia en tu vida, y un carácter es una marca en un papel (originalmente los caracteres eran marcas en piedra o madera, lo que acerca el término al sentido de &quot;talla&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T12:51:54.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17335" CreationDate="2016-07-06T14:39:12.463" Score="6" ViewCount="1134" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;La etiqueta &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/single-word-requests&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;single-word-requests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de English Language &amp;amp; Usage depara grandes respuestas. Aquí solo recuerdo la pregunta de Gorpik &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13622/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Triste y alegre a la vez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, así que vayamos a por otra basándonos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/313712/37429&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Derogatory word, describing person (a pupil) who memorizes instead of learning?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos conocemos al empollón, ese que estudia mucho pero que normalmente también acaba siendo bueno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, también existe la variante de persona que &lt;em&gt;empolla&lt;/em&gt; mucho pero no es capaz de entender lo que está estudiando. Tras estudiar todos los posibles problemas de matemáticas, resulta que el ejercicio es algo diferente y no es capaz de solucionarlo, por lo que suspende. En ese momento comentas con los compañeros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito es un XXX, mira que le dedica horas al estudio pero no lo entiende y acaba suspendiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tenemos en castellano alguna palabra o expresión para referirnos a XXX, es decir alguna persona que memoriza las cosas sin llegar a entenderlas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T17:32:07.307" Title="Palabra o expresión para definir a quien memoriza las cosas sin llegar a entenderlas" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17334" CreationDate="2016-07-06T15:27:27.370" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante y complicada pregunta. Estoy buscando en el diccionario (tanto el directo como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/&quot;&gt;el inverso&lt;/a&gt;) y de momento encuentro lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RlJ0ZVE&quot;&gt;Hablar como un papagayo&lt;/a&gt;. Decir algunas cosas buenas, sin inteligencia ni conocimiento. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UXcQHKg&quot;&gt;Psitacismo&lt;/a&gt;. Método de enseñanza basado exclusivamente en el ejercicio de la memoria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tkp8q0J&quot;&gt;Portapapeles&lt;/a&gt;. Me resultaría divertido usar esta palabra, ya que un portapapeles sólo es un almacén temporal de datos en memoria, que no entiende lo que se almacena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, creo que Perú tiene la solución a tu problema, ya que esta palabra encaja perfectamente con lo que estás buscando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RoFvwSH&quot;&gt;Paporreta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. despect. Perú. Repetición mecánica de lo que se ha aprendido de memoria sin entenderlo o entendiéndolo a medias. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tienes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RoGleiN&quot;&gt;paporretear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RoHuz41&quot;&gt;paporretero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Todas ellas vienen de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ro44vjM%7CRo4inQ1%7CRo4izPP&quot;&gt;papo&lt;/a&gt; (persona sin entendimiento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T16:03:42.613" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T16:03:42.613" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17343" CreationDate="2016-07-06T21:04:11.933" Score="6" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una relación exacta, con fechas y&#xA;  detalles de que ella en persona había hecho cambiar las piedras de dos&#xA;  generaciones de hermosas y dignas Cargamantos, y había vendido las legítimas a la&#xA;  misma tienda. (García Márquez, Memoria de mis putas tristes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=cargamento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; and some other sources say &lt;em&gt;cargamento&lt;/em&gt; (not &lt;em&gt;cargamanto&lt;/em&gt;) means cargo, ship, etc. However, I was unable to find any definition of &lt;em&gt;Cargamanto&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cargamantos&lt;/em&gt; in any source. Is it a type of precious stone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grossman's translation of the novel uses the word as is so it has to be a proper noun. But, what exactly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-09-01T13:05:49.083" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T07:47:59.037" Title="What is Cargamantos?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17337" CreationDate="2016-07-06T21:54:33.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably refers to the cargamantos beans:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rhY6J.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rhY6J.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T21:54:33.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17337" CreationDate="2016-07-06T23:00:41.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frejoles, fríjoles, frijoles, porotos, caraotas, habichuelas in Spanish. English:  beans. Scientific name:  &lt;em&gt;Phaseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastEditorUserId="12232" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T12:59:17.650" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T12:59:17.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15082" CreationDate="2016-07-06T23:04:30.410" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es lo que dice sobre el tema el &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (Espasa, 2010). Es una gramática bastante descriptiva más que prescriptiva, así que no dicta reglas de pluralización sino que cuenta más o menos lo que pasa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.2.2a&lt;/strong&gt;     Se espera, en principio, que los nombres propios no tengan plural. Lo forman, sin embargo, cuando se asimilan (en mayor o menor&#xA;  medida) a los comunes (§ 12.5.2c). Siguen entonces las reglas de&#xA;  estos, como en &lt;em&gt;las celestinas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los donjuanes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;las magdalenas&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;los quijotes&lt;/em&gt;, o en &lt;em&gt;Nunca más volverá a haber en Nicaragua &lt;strong&gt;Adolfos&lt;/strong&gt; Díaz, &lt;strong&gt;Emilianos&lt;/strong&gt; Chamorro, &lt;strong&gt;José Marías&lt;/strong&gt; Moncada, &lt;strong&gt;Anastasios&lt;/strong&gt; Somoza en el poder&lt;/em&gt; (Ramírez, &lt;em&gt;Alba&lt;/em&gt;). Con los nombres compuestos, la pauta más común es la que muestra el ejemplo citado con&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;José María&lt;/em&gt;, esto es, que solo se pluralice el segundo componente. Aun así, se documentan excepciones: &lt;em&gt;Pero así serán y han sido todas&#xA;  las doñas &lt;strong&gt;Marías Antonias&lt;/strong&gt; del Universo&lt;/em&gt; (Villalonga, &lt;em&gt;Bearn&lt;/em&gt;). Las&#xA;  formas de tratamiento &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;santa&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt; suelen recibir plural;&#xA;  quedan invariables, en cambio, &lt;em&gt;san&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fray&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Tuvo la audacia de privar de mi presencia a la negra imagen de las &lt;strong&gt;Santas&lt;/strong&gt; Marías del Mar_ (Mujica Lainez, &lt;em&gt;Escarabajo&lt;/em&gt;); Estaban los Pepes y las Pepas del Padul, los Josés y las Josefas de Dúrcal, los&#xA;    &lt;strong&gt;Don&lt;/strong&gt; Josés y &lt;strong&gt;Doñas&lt;/strong&gt; Josefas de Órgiva (Alarcón, &lt;em&gt;Alpujarra&lt;/em&gt;); Lo que va de la poesía de Garcilaso a la de Góngora, eso va de la prosa&#xA;    de Valdés y de los dos &lt;strong&gt;fray Luises&lt;/strong&gt; a la de Quevedo (Alatorre,&#xA;    &lt;em&gt;1001&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.2.2b&lt;/strong&gt;     En el plural de los sustantivos que designan apellidos suelen alternar la forma invariable y la adición de &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;, esta última&#xA;  más frecuente si se trata de dinastías: &lt;em&gt;Que yo sepa &lt;strong&gt;los Fierro&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;los Oriol&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;los Urquijo&lt;/strong&gt;, tenían millones antes de la guerra&lt;/em&gt; (Cabal, &lt;em&gt;Briones&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;No debí haber deshonrado la sangre de &lt;strong&gt;los&#xA;  Borbones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (Fuentes, &lt;em&gt;Región&lt;/em&gt;). También predomina la forma con marca&#xA;  de plural si el que habla no desea hacer referencia a un conjunto de&#xA;  personas que comparten cierto apellido, sino (a menudo&#xA;  despectivamente) a varias que se asemejan en algo a una que sí lo&#xA;  lleva: &lt;em&gt;Pues ¿cómo me ha de doblegar del ayuno el padre Escobar, ni&#xA;  juntos todos &lt;strong&gt;los Escobares&lt;/strong&gt; abogados con todos sus libros?&lt;/em&gt; (Santa&#xA;  Cruz Espejo, &lt;em&gt;Luciano&lt;/em&gt;). Por otras razones, tampoco toman &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; los&#xA;  sustantivos que terminan en esta consonante o en &lt;em&gt;-z&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;los Borges&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;los Rodríguez&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los Solís&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los Vélez&lt;/em&gt;), ni los que coinciden con nombres comunes o adjetivos (&lt;em&gt;los Castillo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los Leal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los León&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;los Mayor&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo al texto que copié, si no lo entendí mal, &lt;em&gt;Juanes Romero, Juan Antonios Romero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Juanes Antonios Romero&lt;/em&gt; (excepcionalmente), &lt;em&gt;Zipis y Zapes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T04:16:27.653" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T04:16:27.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-07T00:19:01.830" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo Harry Potter un amigo extranjero notó esta oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Harry miró su plato de oro vacío. Acababa de darse cuenta de &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; hambriento que estaba. Los pasteles le parecían algo del pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntó qué función tenía el &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; ahí y por qué no podía ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acababa de darse cuenta de cuán hambriento estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo cual no supe explicarle, ¿podrían darme una mano?&#xA;Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6886" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T06:59:44.577" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T06:59:44.577" Title="Función de &quot;lo&quot; en &quot;lo hambriento&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-07-07T13:55:08.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17344" CreationDate="2016-07-07T06:45:30.570" Score="4" ViewCount="811" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque expresiones como &lt;em&gt;segurata&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;encargado de seguridad&quot;) o &lt;em&gt;drogata&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;que consume drogas&quot;) parezcan modernas (sin entrar en si tienen o no una connotación peyorativa), en realidad estas construcciones con el sufijo &lt;strong&gt;-ata&lt;/strong&gt; se llevan usando desde hace tiempo. Si bien &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5iqjrnZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bocata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;bocadillo&quot;) apareció en el DRAE en su versión de 1992, palabras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I9Bde8P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fogata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;fuego&quot;) o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bcey6wy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;culata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;culo&quot;) llevan en el diccionario desde el principio de los tiempos (es decir, de los tiempos del diccionario, desde la versión de 1780).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sufijo -ata, ¿tiene en todos estos ejemplos el mismo significado? Y en caso afirmativo, ¿cuál es ese significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T07:48:39.040" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T08:29:27.567" Title="&quot;El segurata se comió un bocata junto a la fogata.&quot; ¿Qué significado tiene el sufijo &quot;-ata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17337" CreationDate="2016-07-07T07:17:01.130" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Googling for &lt;em&gt;Memoria de mis putas tristes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cargamantos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://archivo.elnuevodiario.com.ni/opinion/182949-memoria-mis-putas-tristes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reveals&lt;/a&gt; what people are saying in the comments to your question: this is just the surname of a certain character in the book, called Doña Florina de Dios Cargamantos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when García Márquez says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... había hecho cambiar las piedras de dos generaciones de hermosas y&#xA;  dignas Cargamantos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he's talking about the gemstones (jewelry) of two generations of lovely and dignified women in the Cargamantos clan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T07:47:59.037" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T07:47:59.037" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17342" CreationDate="2016-07-07T07:47:45.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17342/el-segurata-se-comi%C3%B3-un-bocata-junto-a-la-fogata-qu%C3%A9-significado-tiene-el-su/17344?noredirect=1#comment23491_17342&quot;&gt;las pistas&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;, llego a la siguiente respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sufijo -ata en &lt;em&gt;bocata&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;drogata&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;segurata&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;strong&gt;sufijo jergal&lt;/strong&gt;, explicado en la gramática en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UnZJHofRdCyUgrCw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;epígrafe 6.11n&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la lengua juvenil del español europeo se documentan algunas formaciones con los sufijos &lt;strong&gt;-ota, -eta y -ata&lt;/strong&gt;, a menudo de sentido despectivo [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cita como ejemplos &lt;em&gt;drogota&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fumeta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pasota&lt;/em&gt;, aunque también &lt;em&gt;sociata&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;segurata&lt;/em&gt;. En esta categoría también entrarían &lt;em&gt;bocata&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tocata&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cubata&lt;/em&gt; y otros que, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17342/el-segurata-se-comi%C3%B3-un-bocata-junto-a-la-fogata-qu%C3%A9-significado-tiene-el-su/17344?noredirect=1#comment23499_17344&quot;&gt;como apunta&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12991/cdlvcdlv&quot;&gt;cdlvcdlv&lt;/a&gt;, se alejan del sentido peyorativo e introducen un sentido de cercanía o incluso de hacer al hablante más &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pas89at%7CPau6gh0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;molón&lt;/a&gt;. Curiosamente, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/03/06/eps/1394133801_099349.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bocata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; fue al parecer invención del gran &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forges&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forges&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y los sufijos en –ata?: &lt;em&gt;bocata, cubata, tocata, segurata&lt;/em&gt;... Las tres primeras han entrado en el Diccionario, donde se anota esa formación con el sufijo jergal –ata. Forges aclara: “&lt;em&gt;Bocata&lt;/em&gt; sí que lo inventé yo, y &lt;em&gt;tocata&lt;/em&gt; también. Pero &lt;em&gt;cubata&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;segurata&lt;/em&gt;, no”. Esa manera de llamar al bocadillo, al cubalibre, al tocadiscos y al vigilante parte de los propios recursos del idioma, los mismos que nos dan “caminata” o “perorata”, aunque tal vez un poco dislocados para la ocasión, como sucede con &lt;em&gt;estupendérrimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los casos de &lt;em&gt;fogata&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;culata&lt;/em&gt;, se aplica lo dicho en la RAE para el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4GZKKGk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sufijo -ata&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;fogata&lt;/em&gt; sería el efecto del fuego, y &lt;em&gt;culata&lt;/em&gt; (aunque no es un adjetivo) sería la cualidad de &quot;ser el culo&quot;, aunque en este caso la palabra vino del italiano ya así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T08:29:27.567" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17324" CreationDate="2016-07-07T11:45:06.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As several people have pointed out in standard English (whatever that is) we only have one word for the second person singular and plural, familiar and formal. However we do have ways of getting round this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go into an expensive restaurant/hotel/bar/shop the staff will address you as sir or madam but if you go into a less refined place they may well use some form of endearment to emphasise that we are all social equals here. These vary hugely as a function of the region and the respective sexes of the people involved but I am not surprised to be asked 'What are you having dear/love/darling?' depending. Between men the use of 'mate' is quite common although I would not expect bar staff to call me that. In the context of the original question it might work though - he started calling me mate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly we have a much more widespread way of dealing with the lack of a familiar plural second person. I think this has come from North America but it is quite common to hear the phrase 'you guys' or even 'guys' where peninsular Spanish might have vosotros or vosotras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Needless to say using these even for native speakers is fraught with problems of getting the wrong tone and offending people so unless you are confident of the situation you might want to avoid them. I should also add that I am referring here to the English spoken in England, other dialects will differ,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T11:14:52.973" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T11:14:52.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2016-07-07T20:54:54.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una investigación detallada del tema (centrada en la experiencia Argentina) en el dossier &lt;em&gt;La invención del cuento del tío&lt;/em&gt;, por Diego Galeano, en el N° 12 de la revista argentina &lt;em&gt;La Biblioteca&lt;/em&gt;. Lo que digo a continuación tiene esa fuente y me parece convincente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la estafa mediante guiones se le ha dado distintos nombres. &lt;strong&gt;Cuento del tío&lt;/strong&gt; es el nombre general que se le da en el Cono Sur, con numerosas variantes como &lt;em&gt;tocomocho, balurdo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;cambiazo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Confidence game&lt;/strong&gt; es la versión norteamericana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso: haciendo alusión a algún aspecto de la trama desarrollada en la estafa, en Norteamérica existió el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Prisoner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spanish prisioner game&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; en Francia el &lt;strong&gt;vol a l'americaine&lt;/strong&gt; (robo a la americana); y en Colombia el &lt;strong&gt;paquete chileno&lt;/strong&gt;. Y pienso de inmediato en la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estafa_nigeriana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estafa nigeriana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (como le decimos en Chile a la estafa por correo electrónico). Vale decir, hay varios casos en los que se relaciona una estafa con un personaje extranjero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedes ser estafador de los que cuentan historias si toda la gente te conoce. Si tienes ese &quot;don&quot; lo más conveniente es que seas itinerante y te vayas con tu historia de pueblo en pueblo. Además es difícil inventar un nuevo guión cada vez, y por lo tanto es preferible seguir usándolo tantas veces como sea posible, para lo cual debes ir moviéndote hacia lugares donde no lo conozcan. Por eso a veces las estafas más efectivas y que causan más impacto y publicidad las perpetran extranjeros. En Chile la estafa más famosa de los últimos tiempos fue la de los &lt;em&gt;quesitos&lt;/em&gt;, llevada a cabo por una francesa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hay que considerar otros dos asuntos de nuestra idiosincrasia, un poco contradictorios entre sí. (1) A veces sobre todo entre la población con menos cultura, al &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; se le atribuyen virtudes morales (serían en algún sentido &lt;em&gt;superiores&lt;/em&gt; a los locales) que nos vuelven más susceptibles a creerles (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RKBBGrk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;otarios&lt;/a&gt;). Y (2), nuestra natural defensa antropológica ante lo foráneo, causante básica de la xenofobia, nos hace notar más la presencia de los extranjeros en las filas de lo corrupto o ilegal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente, como se indica en la respuesta de @sujeto1, en Colombia hubo antaño una estafa en la que estuvieron involucrados un paquete y un chileno. Debe haber sido suficientemente dañina e impactante como para quedar en el léxico colombiano. Y, en resumen, la presencia del extranjero en la historia implica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;era un estafador itinerante (algo habitual y esperable),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser extranjero facilitó la estafa y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser extranjero dio mayor notoriedad a la estafa (convirtiéndola en leyenda).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T20:54:54.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17349" CreationDate="2016-07-08T03:46:08.307" Score="3" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy confundido sobre el significado de la palabra &quot;pretender&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U86gASi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE tira&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Querer ser o conseguir algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer diligencias para conseguir algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de una persona: Cortejar a otra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los que me parecen no tienen el significado &quot;claim, allege&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en varios diccionarios inglés-castellano, &quot;pretender&quot; se encuentra como una traducción por la palabra &quot;claim&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede usar para significar &quot;claim&quot; o no? ¿Si no, cuál sería la palabra más apropiada como la traducción castellana? ¿Quizás &quot;alegar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T09:17:58.513" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T21:59:44.933" Title="¿Tiene el significado &quot;claim, allege&quot; la palabra &quot;pretender&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17347" CreationDate="2016-07-08T05:57:20.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;aspirar&lt;/em&gt; a algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretendo&lt;/strong&gt; ir a la fiesta. (Mi aspiración es ir a la fiesta, pero no sé si podré cumplirlo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;em&gt;claim&lt;/em&gt; es más directo, con ello afirmas que algo es cierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clamamos&lt;/strong&gt; que el agua ebulle a los 99 grados celsius.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T05:57:20.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17347" CreationDate="2016-07-08T06:44:20.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que en algunos sitios como el Wikcionario, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pretender#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pretender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se traduce como &lt;em&gt;claim, allege&lt;/em&gt;, pero no da ningún ejemplo de uso que apoye esa afirmación (al contrario que para otras traducciones). A mí no me suena que tengan el mismo significado. Observemos la definición que da el Cambridge Dictionary para &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/claim&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;claim&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Decir que algo es cierto o es un hecho, aunque no se pueda probar y exista la posibilidad de que no te crean. &lt;em&gt;He claims to have met the president, but I don't believe him.&lt;/em&gt; En este caso la traducción sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;afirmar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Afirma haber conocido al presidente, pero no le creo.&lt;/em&gt; También valdría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;asegurar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solicitar algo de valor porque crees que te pertenece o tienes un derecho sobre ello. &lt;em&gt;When King Richard III died, Henry VII claimed the English throne.&lt;/em&gt; En este caso la traducción sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;reclamar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Cuando el rey Ricardo III murió, Enrique VII reclamó el trono de Inglaterra.*&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Presentar una demanda escrita solicitando dinero a un gobierno u organización porque crees que tienes derecho a ello. En este caso también sería &lt;em&gt;reclamar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora veamos las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/allege&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;allege&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decir que alguien ha hecho algo ilegal o equivocado sin tener pruebas que lo demuestren. &lt;em&gt;The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.&lt;/em&gt; En este caso se podría traducir por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;acusar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Los dos acusaron a la policía de haberles forzado a realizar falsas declaraciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría interpretar que la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; (hacer diligencias para conseguir algo) podría ser un caso genérico de la tercera acepción de &lt;em&gt;claim&lt;/em&gt;, y tal vez por ahí se pudiera encontrar alguna similitud. Tal vez así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- ¿Qué pretendes rellenando tanto formulario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- Pretendo que nos devuelvan el dinero del viaje que nos cancelaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero yo esto lo traduciría como &lt;em&gt;I pretend to claim my money back&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; sería el verbo que indica que tienes el propósito de conseguir algo, pero ese &quot;algo&quot; sería la reclamación (&quot;claim&quot;), por lo que no veo una traducción directa desde &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; hasta &lt;em&gt;claim&lt;/em&gt; sin pasar por un paso intermedio que consistiría en añadir un segundo verbo a la expresión (&lt;em&gt;pretender reclamar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: hablo desde mi punto de vista de hablante de español europeo, tal vez algún hablante de español de América Latina pueda aportar alguna opinión diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T06:44:20.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17351" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17387" CreationDate="2016-07-08T07:09:45.217" Score="4" ViewCount="11808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde 2001, el DRAE recoge varias acepciones bastante simpáticas para la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=are90sf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;por un tubo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una usada en algunos países de América Latina, que significa &quot;rápidamente y con facilidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El paquete que pedí ha llegado como por un tubo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otra al parecer más usada en España (no estoy seguro de esto), que significa &quot;en gran cantidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi primo está ganando dinero por un tubo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta esta playa, tiene piedras por un tubo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que el significado primero tiene muchísima más lógica, dado que directamente recuerda al sistema de envío de objetos a través de contenedores cilíndricos que viajan por tubos, usados en muchas empresas y comercios, y que permiten enviar dichos objetos con mucha celeridad. En cambio, el segundo es el que se me hace un poco más raro. ¿En qué momento &quot;por un tubo&quot; pasó a significar &quot;en gran cantidad&quot;? ¿Cómo se originó este significado? Y como pregunta aparte, ¿es conocida esta acepción fuera de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T23:02:15.287" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;por un tubo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17353" CreationDate="2016-07-08T08:21:35.697" Score="3" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading the book &lt;em&gt;Complete Spanish Grammar&lt;/em&gt; by Gilda Nissenberg. In page 56 is the following paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect is also used to express the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To indicate a mental state, a mental action, or a state of indefinite duration with verbs such as sentir, creer, conocer, pensar, querer and saber. Mental states are considered ongoing conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él pensaba en mí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos conocíamos desde que éramos pequeños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le gustaba caminar por las calles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the implication of this paragraph is that the words listed above (sentir, creer, conocer, pensar, querer and saber) are almost never used in preterit tense. Is that true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T08:41:57.617" Title="Are the following words indicating mental state ever used in preterit tense?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17352" CreationDate="2016-07-08T08:41:57.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not really. You can use both tenses depending on what you want to express:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él pensaba en mí = He used to think about me.&lt;/em&gt; (This action was maintained along time.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él pensó en mí = He thought about me.&lt;/em&gt; (In a given moment of time.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le gustaba caminar por las calles = He used to like walking down the streets.&lt;/em&gt; (Action maintained along time.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le gustó caminar por las calles = He liked walking down the streets.&lt;/em&gt; (Action that happened once and the subject liked it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second example needs a bit change, but you can also use the preterite tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos conocíamos desde que éramos pequeños = We knew each other since we were kids.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos conocimos cuando éramos pequeños = We met when we were kids.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T08:41:57.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17369" CreationDate="2016-07-08T09:51:13.843" Score="5" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fulanito está de &lt;em&gt;subidón&lt;/em&gt; pero Menganito está de &lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YWuWZ9B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;subidón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es aumentativo de &lt;em&gt;subida&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4pC4x0t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt;, la única que se acerca a la de este aumentativo es &quot;disminución del precio, valor y estimación de algo&quot;. Sin embargo, como aumentativo, es &quot;descenso brusco e importante&quot;, sin que sea necesariamente del precio, etc. Hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alza&lt;/em&gt; se aplican al precio, valor, estimación, mientras que &lt;em&gt;estar de subidón&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de bajón&lt;/em&gt; se refieren al ánimo principalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre &lt;em&gt;subida&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;subidón&lt;/em&gt; hay coherencia, puesto que en ninguna de las dos definiciones se especifica el tipo de cosa que sube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra incoherencia está en los sustantivos escogidos como antónimos para aumentarlos: el de &lt;em&gt;subida&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;bajada&lt;/em&gt; y el de &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;alza&lt;/em&gt;. Ni &lt;em&gt;alzón&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;bajadón&lt;/em&gt; están en el diccionario, aunque creo que son construcciones ajustadas a las normas de construcción del español (no todas las palabras resultado de todas las combinaciones de modificadores de palabras tienen entrada propia en el diccionario). Al menos, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17355/cu%C3%A1ndo-un-aumentativo-cambia-el-g%C3%A9nero-del-sustantivo&quot;&gt;tan ajustadas como &lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;subidón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna razón para que este par de antónimos tenga una construcción de procedencia diferente? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T16:05:21.293" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T16:05:21.293" Title="¿Por qué es &quot;bajón&quot; antónimo de &quot;subidón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;antónimos&gt;&lt;aumentativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17355" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-08T11:36:28.333" Score="4" ViewCount="1336" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al respecto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17354/incoherencias-en-los-ant%C3%B3nimos-subid%C3%B3n-y-baj%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;¿Por qué es bajón antónimo de subidón?&lt;/a&gt;, me surge la duda de por qué a veces el aumentativo de un nombre femenino mantiene su género, como &lt;em&gt;señora&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;señorona&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que otras cambia, como &lt;em&gt;subida&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;subidón&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la regla, si es que la hay, para diferenciar unos casos de otros? ¿Es generalizable a otros sufijos aumentativos distintos de -&lt;em&gt;ón&lt;/em&gt;/-&lt;em&gt;ona&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T01:04:53.060" Title="¿Cuándo un aumentativo cambia el género del sustantivo?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;aumentativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17358" CreationDate="2016-07-08T14:50:00.890" Score="11" ViewCount="1405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see in the news that the Spanish word for &quot;sniper&quot; is &quot;francotirador&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there some historical connection between this and France/Frenchman?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally it means &quot;French shooter&quot;, right? Were snipers first used by the French foreign legion, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T21:10:55.037" Title="Does &quot;francotiradores&quot; have a historical link to France?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17357" CreationDate="2016-07-08T15:15:50.300" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only link is that the word itself is a Gallicism; it comes from the French &lt;em&gt;franc-tireur&lt;/em&gt;.  But here the prefix &lt;code&gt;franco-&lt;/code&gt; doesn't mean &lt;em&gt;French&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;free, exempt&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Francotiradores&lt;/code&gt; are called that way because originally they were irregular soldiers (regular armies didn't have snipers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IOPRUrf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;franco&lt;/code&gt;, third definition&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word with the same prefix is &lt;code&gt;francmasón&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;freemason&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from one or two other words (which I can't remember right now), in all other words starting with &lt;code&gt;franc-&lt;/code&gt;, the prefix very likely means &lt;em&gt;French&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T21:10:55.037" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T21:10:55.037" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2016-07-08T17:02:32.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means that you have to resign yourself and do things that way or do nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo dinero, ni modo no saldré con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no money, I'll resign myself, I'm not going out with my friends&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13143" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T17:42:29.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17357" CreationDate="2016-07-08T19:23:20.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Francotirador&lt;/em&gt; is a loanword from the French, &lt;em&gt;franc-tireur&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;free shooter&quot;. During the Napoleonic wars, &lt;em&gt;francs-tireurs&lt;/em&gt; referred to light infantry, or skirmishers who would have fought out of formation (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/franc-tireur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;citation&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word acquired its meaning of a partisan, or an irregular soldier who is fighting out of uniform (and therefore exempt from rules regarding treatment of prisoners), during the Franco-Prussian War (1870). During that conflict, members of French shooting clubs, who referred to themselves as &lt;em&gt;francs-tireurs&lt;/em&gt;, engaged in guerrilla warfare against Prussian troops -- and were summarily executed if captured. During the Second World War, many French Resistance fighters referred to themselves as &lt;em&gt;franc-tireurs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears that the Spanish &lt;em&gt;francotirador&lt;/em&gt; has the original meaning of sniper or sharpshooter, probably acquired during the Peninsular War (1807 - 1814), but not the latter meaning of a partisan or guerrilla. (In fact, so long as I'm mentioning the Peninsular War, I'm going to point out that the word &lt;em&gt;guerrilla&lt;/em&gt; was popularized in both Spanish and English due to that conflict).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So although there is a connection between the word &lt;em&gt;francotirador&lt;/em&gt; and France, it's a historical link -- the word doesn't literally mean &quot;French shooter&quot;. At least not originally; I wonder how many native speakers would be aware of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13145" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T19:23:20.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17362" CreationDate="2016-07-08T21:56:29.643" Score="2" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 - Can I use 'de él' instead of 'suyo' whenever I want to or only when it's not clear from the context to whom I refer (él, ella, usted)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es el lapicero &lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es el lapicero &lt;strong&gt;de él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Also, is the following sentence grammatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; lapicero &lt;strong&gt;de él&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Lastly, is it possible to use 'de mí', 'de ti'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es el lapicero &lt;strong&gt;de mí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es el lapicero &lt;strong&gt;de ti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13077" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T22:09:01.383" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T15:53:08.957" Title="Are 'suyo' and 'de él' interchangeable?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17361" CreationDate="2016-07-08T23:31:23.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Suyo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de él&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you are asking about the construction &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;+ de él/suyo&lt;/em&gt;. With adverbs, only the &lt;em&gt;de él&lt;/em&gt; form is valid (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/904/cannot-use-adverbs-possessives-delante-de-ti-v-s-delante-tuyo&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;). Regarding the first construction, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGywPAwTfYzfycrU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt; has the following to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;18.4 Posesivos posnominales y complementos con&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;18.4a&lt;/strong&gt; Como se explicó en las páginas precedentes, los posesivos posnominales alternan con grupos preposicionales encabezados por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; y se coordinan también con ellos. Se da la alternancia en las terceras personas &lt;em&gt;él, ella&lt;/em&gt; y sus plurales, con las reservas introducidas en el § 18.1f (&lt;em&gt;la respuesta de ellos&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;la respuesta suya&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;un primo de él&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;un primo suyo&lt;/em&gt;), así como en la forma &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; y su plural (&lt;em&gt;un amigo de ustedes&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;un amigo suyo&lt;/em&gt;). En cambio, la construcción preposicional suele excluir las personas primera y segunda del singular (&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;un libro de mí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;, &lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;una casa de ti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;) en favor del posesivo (&lt;em&gt;un libro mío, una casa tuya&lt;/em&gt;). En cuanto a la primera y segunda persona del plural, véase el § 18.4e. Los posesivos modificados por el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; se aceptan en esta pauta en las tres personas: &lt;em&gt;de mí mismo, de ti misma, de sí mismos&lt;/em&gt;. Se obtienen así contrastes como &lt;em&gt;Había una imagen (&lt;s&gt;de mí&lt;/s&gt;, de mí mismo, mía)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the forms &lt;em&gt;de él/ella/ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;suyo/suyos&lt;/em&gt; are freely interchangeable, while &lt;em&gt;de mí&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de ti&lt;/em&gt; are wrong. One exception that is reminiscent of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/tags/double-genitive/info&quot;&gt;double genitive&lt;/a&gt; in English is when speaking of photos and the like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una foto mía&lt;/em&gt; (= a picture of mine) ≠ &lt;em&gt;Una foto de mí&lt;/em&gt; (= a picture of me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another exception is with &lt;em&gt;verbos de apoyo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una buena &lt;strong&gt;opinión de ti.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Nadie tiene &lt;strong&gt;noticias de mí.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Guarda un buen &lt;strong&gt;recuerdo de ti.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;em&gt;de nosotros/nuestro(s)&lt;/em&gt;, both are interchangeable in American Spanish but only the second form sounds natural in European Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;¿Su __ de él?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction &lt;em&gt;su(s) ___ de él/ella&lt;/em&gt; features a &lt;em&gt;posesivo doblado&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;double possessive&lt;/em&gt;. This construction can be found in colloquial Spanish in parts of Mexico, Central America and the Andean region&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wugpKJTdkaYlsDDt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§18.4h&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; whith body parts (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;don Esteban&lt;/em&gt;), kinship (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;hermano&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;mi papá&lt;/em&gt;), ownership and set phrases. However, it is rare when the owner is an inanimate thing (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;ventana&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;la casa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: &lt;em&gt;su lapicero de él&lt;/em&gt; isn't technically ungrammatical, but it doesn't sound too good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T23:55:14.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2016-07-09T04:54:42.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pasto efectivamente es una planta. En México lo usamos para referirnos indistintamente a ella y al lugar que se genera cuando se siembra. &#xA;En jardinería, un prado de pasto que se mantiene cuidado y recortado se considera césped. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13147" LastActivityDate="2016-07-09T04:54:42.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17365" CreationDate="2016-07-09T16:54:19.603" Score="3" ViewCount="1126" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vi el siguiente ejemplo en un libro de ejercicios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manuel dice que en aquel país todo el mundo es rico, pero no creo que allí se aten los perros con longaniza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hombre, mejor que aquí sí que están.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo qué significa la oración &amp;quot;mejor que aquí sí que están&amp;quot;, específicamente cómo funciona &amp;quot;sí que están&amp;quot;. ¿Está expresando que aunque este país probablemente no sea tan rico, al menos sería mejor que donde viven ellos dos? ¿O está diciendo algo completamente diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2046" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:13:31.993" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;mejor que aquí sí que están&quot; en la siguiente conversación?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17364" CreationDate="2016-07-09T17:48:30.617" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manuel dice que en aquel país todo el mundo es rico, pero no creo que allí se aten los perros con longaniza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la expresión &lt;strong&gt;No creo que allí se aten los perros con longaniza&lt;/strong&gt; se indica que en aquel país no son prósperos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hombre, mejor que aquí sí que están&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de eso &lt;strong&gt;mejor que aquí sí que están&lt;/strong&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; cuando lleva tilde sirve para hacer una afirmación, en este caso de lo descrito anteriormente &lt;strong&gt;Mejor que aquí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reescribiendo para entender mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pesar de no ser prósperos, están mejor que aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está expresando que en el país del que habla Manuel están mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13152" LastEditorUserId="13152" LastEditDate="2016-07-09T18:21:38.383" LastActivityDate="2016-07-09T18:21:38.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-09T19:49:42.913" Score="2" ViewCount="2181" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me&#xA;  tiró bocarriba en su cama para cuatro, me quitó los pantalones con una maniobra&#xA;  maestra y se acaballó sobre mí, pero el terror helado que me empapaba el cuerpo&#xA;  me impidió recibirla como un hombre.  (García Márquez, Memories of my melancholy whores)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;para cuatro&quot; means &quot;for four&quot;, right? And it has been translated as &quot;for four&quot; (Grossman), but this is meaningless to me in this context. What does the author mean by saying &quot;She threw  me  face- up on  her bed  for  four&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T15:02:05.590" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T15:14:24.510" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;para cuatro&quot; in &quot;Me tiró en su cama para cuatro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17366" CreationDate="2016-07-11T01:23:09.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not familiar with that book, so I looked for it and read that part. I don't see any &quot;hidden lines&quot; there, I suppose it just about a bed for four (people).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a book from Satoko Kawamura called &quot;por los caminos de cien años de soledad&quot; and he says this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;…García Márquez relata esa experiencia con mayor exactitud en la persona de Florentino Ariza. En el barco, una mujer con uñas de halcón lo agarra de la camisa y lo mete en su cabina, lo echa sobre un catre y lo viola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose that, even if he is speaking of a bed in house (where the whores lived) here, the actual story happened in a ship and I suppose a bed for four is this kind of beds you find on ships where there is a bed on top of another, and another, and another. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T01:23:09.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17354" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:08:23.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llevo cortocircuitado desde que hiciste la pregunta, y sin embargo ahora que me he puesto a buscar la explicación creo que es mucho más sencilla de lo que aparenta. Se prefirió el uso de &lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt; antes que de &lt;em&gt;bajadón&lt;/em&gt; porque la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4p7NVZz%7C4pC4x0t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ya existía&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bajón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del aum. de &lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Instrumento musical de viento, antecesor del fagot, usado especialmente para interpretar música sacra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. p. us. bajo (‖ persona que tiene voz de bajo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. bajonista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que, en este caso, el aumentativo es de &lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual además ayuda a explicar por qué el aumentativo es masculino: porque la palabra original también lo es. Dado que este uso de &lt;em&gt;bajón&lt;/em&gt; parece previo, por economía del lenguaje se podría explicar que se usara esa misma palabra en vez de acuñar una nueva (que sería &lt;em&gt;bajadón&lt;/em&gt;) como aumentativo de &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt; o incluso de &lt;em&gt;bajada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de aquí, la gente simplemente empezó a usar el aumentativo para indicar un descenso brusco de cualquier tipo: de salud, de estado de ánimo, de cantidad de algo, de lo que sea. Esto se podría explicar porque el aumentativo se podría considerar como una sustantivización del verbo &lt;em&gt;bajar&lt;/em&gt;. Y claro, la RAE cumple su deber y refleja en el diccionario esos usos, porque a fin de cuentas el lenguaje lo hacemos nosotros, y no al revés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T07:08:23.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17370" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17375" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:49:34.657" Score="2" ViewCount="4525" Body="&lt;p&gt;En varias televisiones autonómicas españolas se va a estrenar un programa llamado &quot;Objetivo Chimborazo&quot;. La palabra me recuerda a otras expresiones locales de mi región, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cadizpedia.wikanda.es/wiki/Bastinazo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bastinazo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, ya que parece el aumentativo de algo. En la web sólo encuentro referencias al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_Chimborazo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;volcán Chimborazo&lt;/a&gt;, la montaña más alta de Ecuador y el punto más alejado del centro de la Tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, pregunta sencilla: ¿es &quot;chimborazo&quot; una palabra que se use en algún país como el aumentativo de algo? ¿Tiene algún significado aparte de ser un topónimo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T06:23:18.953" Title="¿Significa algo &quot;chimborazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;&lt;aumentativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17371" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:55:19.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas que guardan alguna relación con nombres de lugares, ya sea acerca de su uso en el lenguaje o sobre su significado en sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding place names, be it about its use in the language or about its meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T15:33:26.840" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T15:33:26.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17372" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:55:19.357" Score="0" Body="Questions about place names. Preguntas sobre nombres de lugares." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T15:33:26.840" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T15:33:26.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17373" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:57:33.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas que tienen que ver con la forma en que se construyen los aumentativos o diminutivos en el idioma español, sobre su uso en el lenguaje, o sobre sus significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T12:20:43.507" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T12:20:43.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17374" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:57:33.600" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre aumentativos de palabras." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T11:50:45.127" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T11:50:45.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17370" CreationDate="2016-07-11T09:48:41.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que el que la palabra parezca un aumentativo no es más que una coincidencia. La palabra viene del topónimo original en quechua &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimpurasu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chimpurasu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Según la Wikipedia en inglés, hay varias teorías sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimborazo#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimología de la palabra&lt;/a&gt;, pero parecen coincidir en que la última parte, &quot;razu&quot;, significa &lt;em&gt;hielo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nieve&lt;/em&gt;. Así pues, &quot;Chimborazo&quot; no sería más que una castellanización del topónimo original, y no tiene ningún significado añadido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T09:48:41.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-11T12:29:10.407" Score="1" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;hí (te) va&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;hí voy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;hí me hablas mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which nevertheless is pronounced stressed &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, forming rather than a hiatus, a diphthong. For sure it's not meant &lt;em&gt;ay&lt;/em&gt;, the interjection, since demonstrative &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; makes sense. I wonder which is the geographical extension of this. I guess it's pretty much the same case as Argentinian/Uruguayan Spanish, where written accents are not always taken into account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you want to write a novel, where you want somebody like &lt;em&gt;hear&lt;/em&gt; saying &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; in this intonation. How do you write it?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T19:21:37.280" Title="Geographical extension of „ahí” with stressed „a”" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17382" CreationDate="2016-07-11T14:54:13.590" Score="2" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does in some circumstances the  order of the object and the action reversed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...viene gente a vernos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not &quot;gente viene a vernos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13161" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T16:40:04.863" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T17:44:11.150" Title="Why is the order of the object and the action reversed in some cases?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17377" CreationDate="2016-07-11T15:44:55.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is done to place more emphasis on the action and less on who is doing the action. In Spanish you can change the emphasis by changing the order of words. In English you could accomplish something similar by using the passive voice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &quot;gente viene a vernos&quot;, the emphasis is on &quot;gente&quot;, the subject of the sentence. That is the normal, active voice. The people come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &quot;viene gente a vernos&quot;, the emphasis is on &quot;viene&quot;, the verb. The subject &quot;gente&quot; has less importance and could even be omitted, like &quot;vienen a vernos&quot;. Who is coming? Not important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the emphasis is placed in that part of the sentence  depends on the context of the sentence. Probably it's because the speaker doesn't care much about the people that are coming, except for the fact that they are coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Removed incorrect information about the passive voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="11083" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T17:44:11.150" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T17:44:11.150" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17361" CreationDate="2016-07-11T15:53:08.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may use also &quot;tuyo&quot;, El lápiz es tuyo/el lápiz es suyo/el lápiz es de él, el lápiz es de usted/ You may use suyo when you refer to a 3rd person, Imagine you are talking to Pedro: &quot;No Pedro creo que Carlos olvidó su lápiz, es suyo&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13143" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T15:53:08.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17377" CreationDate="2016-07-11T16:39:12.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This construction is often used.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Reversing the word order just wants to show which part of the sentence you'd like to put first. Nothing out the extraordinary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both sentences are equally used (don't know if regionally) but they carry the same meaning. The difference is just the focus. Even though the second sentence sounds a bit weird to my ears, it's still acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is like Yoda's speaking. You'll often see many of these sentences reversed. For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente viene hoy a la fiesta.  (I want people to know that &lt;em&gt;gente&lt;/em&gt; is the first thing I want them to hear from me.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Viene la gente hoy a la fiesta.  (I just want to put later the noun because for me it's important to mention that the action is being carried out.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T16:39:12.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17376" CreationDate="2016-07-11T19:08:49.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico it's extremely popular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;hí te encargo a la niña&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;hí nos estamos hablando   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think you're from there as well...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13163" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T19:17:43.583" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T19:17:43.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17385" CreationDate="2016-07-11T21:16:47.897" Score="3" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm well aware that &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; may be pronounced differently according to regions. We already have &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3/12&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; on the most common pronunciations of [j] and [ʒ].  But I've come across a couple examples on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forvo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;forvo.com&lt;/a&gt; that sound to me like a [ʎ].  The profile of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/user/Alius92/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alius92&lt;/a&gt;, the speaker in question  says he's in Mexico City.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/user/Alius92/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Many of his contributed words&lt;/a&gt; feature the &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, and many include what sounds to me like the [ʎ] pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/word/camello/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;camello&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/word/caudillo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caudillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/word/maill%C3%ADn/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maillín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an accepted pronunciation?  Is this just an odd speaker?  Or perhaps his recording equipment is just bad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a common pronunciation, where is it typically found?  Many months in Mexico DF tell me it's &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; common there, despite this speaker's profile on forvo!  Is there a name for this pronunciation variation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T21:23:27.600" Title="Regional pronunciation of &quot;ll&quot;: [j] vs [ʎ]" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;yeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17384" CreationDate="2016-07-11T22:07:54.947" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;That isn't [ʎ] but a hypercorrective [lj], often used by &lt;em&gt;yeístas&lt;/em&gt; when trying to imitate non-&lt;em&gt;yeísta&lt;/em&gt; pronunciation, such that I hear &lt;em&gt;camelio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;caudilio&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Mexico is fully &lt;em&gt;yeísta&lt;/em&gt;, so such a pronunciation (or even as [ʎ]) can be generally assumed to be affected speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speakers who distinguish &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; [ʎ] from &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (in its diverse regional pronunciations) didn't traditionally have a name, as that was the standard pronunciation. But now that most people are &lt;em&gt;yeísta&lt;/em&gt;, the term &lt;em&gt;lleísta&lt;/em&gt; has come to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T06:22:15.557" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T06:22:15.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17376" CreationDate="2016-07-12T09:56:56.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is just a bad pronunciation of the word. Just a colloquialism. In my region, Andalusia, there some people that pronounce wrongly the word &quot;vacía&quot;, and say &quot;vacia&quot;. I think it the same but more extended. I can say that in the south of Spain we pronounce ah&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with your research!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T19:18:49.670" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T19:18:49.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17351" CreationDate="2016-07-12T12:01:36.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible que tenga algo que ver con la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foie_gras#Controversia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alimentación forzada&lt;/a&gt; a la que se somete a patos y gansos para producir el fuagrás. Como puede verse en la foto, se lleva a cabo &lt;em&gt;por un tubo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GacCCm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GacCCm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La alimentación forzosa también es utilizada en seres humanos en huelga de hambre (en este caso, el tubo es una sonda nasogástrica). Como dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12637/carlos-alejo&quot;&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt;, esta expresión se utiliza mucho con el verbo &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;. Habría que comparar los primeros usos registrados (yo diría que es bastante moderna) con la fecha aproximada del conocimiento público de esta práctica, que es también reciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, un tubo es un dispositivo utilizado para trasladar objetos o materiales de un sitio a otro sin (o con la mínima) pérdida de forma que, cuando sale por el extremo de destino, lo más normal es que lo haga de forma abundante e ininterrumpida. En nuestra imaginación tenemos el concepto de que esta es una forma eficiente de producir un gran flujo de algo hacia un lugar: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por un tubo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Adenda:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la validez de esta respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente, es una mera conjetura: nunca he dicho lo contrario. También he añadido que habría que contrastarla con el uso registrado de la expresión. Pero, cuando dije que creía que la expresión era moderna no era solo mi impresión. Antes de realizar la conjetura busqué en el Corpus y todos los usos que encontré o eran literales (aunque reconozco que no termino de enterarme de cómo se usa el dichoso buscador ese) o eran muy modernos. Especialmente, me llamó la atención &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/cultural/1996/09/13/012.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una reseña de 1996 sobre un diccionario fraseológico, publicada en &quot;ABC literario&quot;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Metáforas felices, hallazgos sintácticos, tropos y elipsis se suceden&#xA;  con su innegable fuerza expresiva. En sus páginas reencontramos&#xA;  expresiones que nos son familiares en el uso o en el recuerdo, no&#xA;  siempre bien entendidas o empleadas por su falta de cristalización&#xA;  normativa pero vigentes en el repertorio del lenguaje popular. Incluso&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;expresiones modernas, de dudosa continuidad (&quot;por un tubo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;patinarle las neuronas&quot;, &quot;de mogollón&quot;) aparecen recopiladas como&#xA;  testimonio del carácter vivo de la lengua y del genio ancestral de la&#xA;  comunidad hablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta reseña está firmada por Joaquín Amado, considerado por Víctor Olmos, en su &quot;Historia del ABC&quot;, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22joaquin+amado%22+%22alma+del+primer+libro+de+estilo+del+periodico%22&amp;amp;oq=%22joaquin+amado%22+%22alma+del+primer+libro+de+estilo+del+periodico%22&amp;amp;gs_l=serp.3...4581.6056.0.6585.9.9.0.0.0.0.433.1205.0j2j2j0j1.5.0....0...1.1.64.serp..5.2.461...30i10.QKQDhfOsF-g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;alma del primer libro de estilo del periódico&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Cuando alguien tan experto en el uso del español como para ser alma de un libro de estilo considera una expresión &quot;de dudosa continuidad&quot; es muy probable que no sea muy antigua. A fecha de hoy, aún no han pasado 20 años de esta reseña, pero parece que la expresión tiene buena salud (no así &quot;de mogollón&quot;, que no recuerdo haber oído en mucho tiempo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no significa que mi conjetura sea correcta y, si aparece un contraejemplo (por ejemplo, un uso anterior, digamos, a 1970), pues mi conjetura es errónea: a seguir buscando. Si nos gusta SE, creo, es porque apreciamos antes la verdad que la diplomacia y distinguimos al creyente de la creencia: mientras que al primero se le reconoce un respeto intrínseco (y por eso nos dirigimos los unos a los otros con respeto), la segunda puede no merecer ninguno. Creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El párrafo final de mi respuesta también es conjetura pero expone una explicación más general de por qué el tubo se considera el portador de la abundancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T13:53:45.373" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T13:53:45.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-12T15:48:42.667" Score="11" ViewCount="6841" Body="&lt;p&gt;Confieso que nunca he entendido esta tira de Mafalda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tK49h.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tK49h.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trascribo el texto para que aparezca en las búsquedas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guille:&lt;/strong&gt; ¡Zi Mafadda va a la ezcuela, yo también quiedo id!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Madre:&lt;/strong&gt; Más adelante, Guille, todavía no podés.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;G:&lt;/strong&gt; ¡Quiedo id y voy a id! ¿Pod qué no puedo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;M:&lt;/strong&gt; Porque sos muy chiquito todavía, no te dejarían entrar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;G:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Muy chiquito? ¡Dezde que nací eztoy &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; vivid! ¿Qué&#xA;  pretenden ezoz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, hay otro uso de &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt; que tampoco entiendo, esta vez de Les Luthiers. Los relaciono porque tanto Quino como Les Luthiers son argentinos, aunque podrían ser dos usos diferentes. En &quot;El explicado&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6xfbBAD_HE#t=04m48s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;se canta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A la vera del fogón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Hay que ver la paisanada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meta&lt;/strong&gt; canto y guitarreada, &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; vino y:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Pasteles de masa que se fríen o se hornean&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;y que tienen un relleno de carne picada,&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;condimentos, aceitunas y morrón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece una preposición y, si se sustituye &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;entre&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo, la frase toma algún sentido. Sin embargo, esta sustitución no funciona con la frase de Quino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguno de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=meta&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;significados de &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE&lt;/a&gt; parace ajustarse a estas frases. ¿Alguien podría explicar el significado de &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt; en estas oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Desde que nací estoy &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; vivir!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay que ver la paisanada &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; canto y guitarreada, &lt;strong&gt;meta&lt;/strong&gt; vino y empanada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T09:02:19.003" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:30:22.050" Title="¿Cuál es este uso de &quot;meta&quot; en Argentina? (Mafalda y Les Luthiers)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17388" CreationDate="2016-07-12T16:54:01.803" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Meta&quot; quiere decir hacer algo con insistencia. Es muy común no sólo en Argentina, sino también en Chile por ejemplo (de donde yo soy originario), quizás también en otros países latinoamericanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Meta vino y empanada&quot; querría decir entonces que la paisanada toma vino y come empanadas insistentemente, con mucho ahínco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo para las otras frases, creo que se entiende la idea, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T16:54:01.803" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17388" CreationDate="2016-07-12T20:59:57.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto dice al respecto Corominas en su Diccionario Etimológico, en la entrada sobre &lt;code&gt;meter&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se nota hoy en toda América el empleo interjectivo de &lt;code&gt;métele&lt;/code&gt; ’corre’, ’pégale’, ’trabaja’, ’dale’ (&lt;em&gt;Ca.&lt;/em&gt;, 44; &lt;code&gt;metéle que son pasteles&lt;/code&gt;, Carrizo, &lt;em&gt;Canc. Pop. de Tucumán&lt;/em&gt;, glos.; etc.); especialmente en la Arg[entina] es popular el empleo de &lt;code&gt;meta&lt;/code&gt; combinado con un infinitivo con el valor de ’mucho’, ’dale, venga’ (&lt;code&gt;meta ir y venir&lt;/code&gt;; vid. &lt;em&gt;BDHA&lt;/em&gt; III, 262); [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T20:59:57.370" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-12T21:52:46.847" Score="2" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native Spanish speakers explained to me that &quot;se lo quité a mi nieto&quot; is &quot;I stole this FROM my grandson&quot; and &quot;se lo quité de mi nieto&quot; is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;I stole my grandson&quot; vs &quot;I stole [it] from my grandson&quot;? &#xA;Am I wrong expecting &quot;de&quot; in it somewhere to express &quot;from&quot;, and not &quot;a&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8985" LastEditorUserId="8985" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T23:04:24.130" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T23:04:24.130" Title="&quot;se lo quité a mi nieto&quot; vs &quot;se lo lo quité de mi nieto&quot;" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17393" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17395" CreationDate="2016-07-12T22:18:53.270" Score="2" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the differences for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He estado estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &quot;I have been studying a lot of AI topics for my research,&quot; can I say &quot;Estoy estudiando mucha inteligencia artificial para mi investigación&quot;? Would this mean I just start studying and I will continue doing so? Or would it mean I've been studying for a while?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13170" LastEditorUserId="13170" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T00:05:11.323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T20:09:12.627" Title="Llevo estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot; vs. He estado estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot; vs. Estoy estudiando &quot;XYZ&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17391" CreationDate="2016-07-12T22:41:31.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;English uses the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; with words like &lt;em&gt;take&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;steal&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  But in Spanish, the person who is having something taken from them is just a regular indirect object, and thus uses an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; when made explicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robé los dulces &lt;em&gt;a los niños&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Les&lt;/em&gt; robé los dulces &lt;em&gt;a los niños&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Les&lt;/em&gt; robé los dulces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing that you actually take is a direct object.  It &lt;em&gt;normally&lt;/em&gt; doesn't use any preposition when made explicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quité &lt;em&gt;los dulces&lt;/em&gt; a los niños.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Los dulces&lt;/em&gt;, pues, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; quité a los niños.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Los&lt;/em&gt; quité a los niños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an exception, and that is when the direct object is an person or a person-like entity (pets, etc).  Those require an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, but they are still direct objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secuestré &lt;em&gt;a Rufus&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(= perro)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/em&gt; secuestré.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, given that, let's look at your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lo quité a mi nieto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, we have the construction &lt;em&gt;se lo&lt;/em&gt; which is, in reality, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (=indirect object, or the grandson) and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (=direct object, whatever you took) combined.  So we interpret it as I took a thing (&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;) from a person (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;a mi nieto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't have doubled pronouns with verbs in Spanish (it's &lt;em&gt;theoretically&lt;/em&gt; possible to construct a sentence that would require two or even possible three &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;s, but Spanish collapses them into a single one if it ever happens), so having two &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;s isn't possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &lt;em&gt;I stole my grandson&lt;/em&gt;, you would just say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quité a mi nieto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why wouldn't use a pronoun here?  If we did, we would end up with the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo quité a mi nieto&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;technically&lt;/em&gt; correct (with &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;mi nieto&lt;/em&gt;), this sentence will be almost undoubtedly misunderstood as &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; being distinct from &lt;em&gt;mi nieto&lt;/em&gt; because of the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; that normally indicates an indirect object, and &lt;em&gt;quitar&lt;/em&gt; (and similar) often having both a direct and an indirect object.  If you added in an indirect object, though, the confusion would disappear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo quité a mi nieto a su familia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; can only match up with &lt;em&gt;nieto&lt;/em&gt;, we know it's the direct object, and thus the family is the indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T22:41:31.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17393" CreationDate="2016-07-12T23:54:22.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first option is incomplete, you need to specify &lt;em&gt;for how long&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo estudiando español &lt;em&gt;tres meses&lt;/em&gt;. = I've been studying spanish &lt;em&gt;for three months&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo &lt;em&gt;tres meses&lt;/em&gt; estudiando español. = &lt;em&gt;For the last three months&lt;/em&gt; I've been studying spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo estudiando &lt;em&gt;mucho tiempo&lt;/em&gt;. = I've been studying &lt;em&gt;for so/too long&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevo tres días&lt;/em&gt; estudiando para mi examen final. = &lt;em&gt;For the last 3 days&lt;/em&gt; I've been studying for my exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado estudiando para mi examen los últimos 3 días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been studying for my exam for the last three days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand you can omit the &lt;em&gt;when&lt;/em&gt; and say like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado estudiando para mi examen, por eso no he tenido tiempo de llamarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado estudiando español durante mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been studying for my exam, that's why I haven't call you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been studying spanish for a long time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve estudiando todo el fin de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was studying the whole weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make it more clear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T13:04:18.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17436" CreationDate="2016-07-13T17:14:37.543" Score="7" ViewCount="1120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was going through a discussion thread over at duolingo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/2166946&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&quot;How to use El and La in Spanish&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;, when I came upon the following question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anyone know the percentage of Spanish nouns ending in -a that are not feminine? 5%? 10%? Or is it just 1%?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It made me wonder if someone might have answered this question here at Spanish StackExchange, but after going through several pages, the closest answer I found (punctuation edited) appeared as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... 95% of the cases, female gender ends with an -a ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the following thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15788/beyond-memorisation-and-time-how-can-you-master-grammatical-gender-in-Spanish&quot;&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Beyond memorisation and time, how can you master Grammatical Gender in Spanish? [closed].&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this, I could surmise that 5% of nouns ending in -a are masculine.  However, since the user who wrote that doesn't cite any source, I have to wonder if that is just a rough guess.  &lt;strong&gt;Is there anything more scientific that someone could provide on the percentage of nouns ending in -a that are masculine and the percentage ending in -o that are feminine?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also, while I'm on the subject, does anyone know what percentage of Spanish nouns are feminine and what percentage are masculine (regardless of ending)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T17:03:10.317" Title="What percentage of nouns ending in -a are masculine and what percentage of nouns ending in -o are feminine?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17397" CreationDate="2016-07-13T17:44:40.057" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's really hard to say, I don't believe there's any &quot;scientific&quot; way to prove this or that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And besides that, why do you need to know the &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; percent? Would that make you speak better spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to say better that &lt;em&gt;most&lt;/em&gt; of the nouns that end in -a are feminine and &lt;em&gt;most&lt;/em&gt; of the nouns ending in -o are masculine. Or otherwise, &lt;em&gt;few&lt;/em&gt; of the nouns ending with -o are feminine. That gives you more chances not to mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to considere that not all of the nouns end in -a or -o, this is spanish, not italian :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another consideration is that there are nouns that &lt;em&gt;change&lt;/em&gt; their gender according to the surrounding article. For example you have &lt;code&gt;agua&lt;/code&gt; (water) which is feminine, but you say &lt;code&gt;el agua&lt;/code&gt; and not &quot;la agua&quot;. This is for phonetical convenience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the cases of the nouns that are usually shortened, like &lt;code&gt;foto&lt;/code&gt;, you say &lt;code&gt;la foto&lt;/code&gt; because the whole word is &lt;code&gt;fotografía&lt;/code&gt; which is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope to have helped a little.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="13136" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T18:43:50.207" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T18:43:50.207" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-13T19:17:03.647" Score="4" ViewCount="1781" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es claro para mí que &amp;quot;quién&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;dónde&amp;quot; se escriben con tilde cuando forman parte de una frase interrogativa o exclamativa y no cuando son pronombres relativos, pero aunque miro todos los ejemplos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/tilde-en-que-cuales-quienes-como-cuan-cuantoaosas-cuando-donde-y-adonde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; no me queda claro cómo clasificarlos en esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mejorar el uso de la información hay que saber &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; la maneja y &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí no es una exclamación ni una interrogación pero no me queda claro si debe escribirse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mejorar el uso de la información hay que saber &lt;strong&gt;quién&lt;/strong&gt; la maneja y &lt;strong&gt;dónde&lt;/strong&gt; está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para contribuir aún más a mi confusión, la RAE provee ejemplos en los que es válido usar o no la tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que no hay con qué/que alimentar a tanta gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya ha encontrado quién/quien le quiera y no necesita nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscó dónde/donde sentarse, pero no había asientos libres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tenía cómo/como defenderse de las acusaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que  &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;ha encontrado quien/quién le quiera&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;hay que saber quien/quién la maneja&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; son dos frases muy similares y por lo tanto es válido usar o no la tilde pero quiero la opinión del foro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que encuentro más cercana en SE es &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12821/would-qui%C3%A9n-be-used-here-or-quien&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; pero ese caso sí es claro para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T20:57:23.723" Title="¿&quot;quien&quot; y &quot;donde&quot; se escriben con tilde en este caso?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;pronombre-interrogativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17355" CreationDate="2016-07-14T01:04:53.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy casi seguro que no hay regla fija para eso. El encontrar tantos &quot;suelen&quot; en las explicaciones lo está insinuando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Citando a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Aumentativo#Formaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt;, en cuanto a la formación del aumentativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no puede darse regla fija, a pesar de ser muy inferior su número al de los diminutivos.&#xA;  Es de observar, sin embargo, que la forma del aumentativo se determina por la idea que nos proponemos dar a entender variando la terminación del positivo; y que, al contrario, la terminación diminutiva se decide por la estructura material de la palabra positiva cuya significación modificamos.&#xA;  De aquí el reducirse a pocos los sufijos aumentativos; porque no basta para aumentar simplemente la idea del positivo; azo, para expresar lo disforme o extremado; y acho y ote, para lo monstruoso o ridículo:&#xA;  hombrón, hombrazo, hombracho, hombrote &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además te dejo lo que &quot;dice&quot; la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/publicaciones/211-aumentativos-diminutivos-despectivos-y-superlativos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, que no es mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una cosa más. Esto es opinión pero igual te lo digo; no se cuánto puede aportarle el &quot;manejo&quot; de los aumentativos a tu carácter porque no contienen precisión descriptiva. Y lo último, creo que apoyando a la no existencia de reglas, si tú me preguntabas el aumentativo de &quot;señora&quot;, nunca hubiese dicho &quot;señorona&quot;. Podría haber pensado en &quot;señoraza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12931" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T01:04:53.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-14T05:05:51.513" Score="0" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado viendo camisetas con frases como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Married &lt;em&gt;as phuck&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boricua &lt;em&gt;as phuck&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gay &lt;em&gt;as phuck&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me pueden ayudar a entender estas frases, ya que no he encontrado una traducción aceptable al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T12:59:39.560" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T12:59:39.560" Title="¿Cómo se entiende las frases que terminan en &quot;as phuck&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-07-20T11:59:59.393" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13546" CreationDate="2016-07-14T07:51:07.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desgraciadamente, yo observo que esa es una falta de ortografía que se da principalmente en los medios mexicanos y ha ocurrido desde hace ya muchos años. El primero que vi que cometía esa burrada era el diario El Norte, de Monterrey, que nunca se ha caracterizado por ser cuidadoso con las formas gramaticales, aunque sí, por desgracia, por su enorme influencia en la región. Posteriormente, otros medios han seguido su nefasto ejemplo y ahora en México, las nuevas generaciones prácticamente no se acuerdan de esta regla gramatical -duplicar las primeras letras de las siglas de palabras escritas en plural-. Incluso, piensan que es incorrecto ponerlo así. Una pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13180" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T07:56:43.940" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T07:56:43.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17401" CreationDate="2016-07-14T07:54:53.073" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mejor sitio para encontrar significados del inglés slang es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero sería buscar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=phuck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;phuck&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que parece que es un término usado para decir &lt;em&gt;fuck&lt;/em&gt; pero en contextos tecnológicos. Según los ejemplos no parece que sea el caso, así que supongo que simplemente será una forma de decir &lt;em&gt;fuck&lt;/em&gt; pero sin escribirla tal cual (algo similar a como cuando alguien escribe &lt;em&gt;conio&lt;/em&gt; por no escribir la palabra real).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siguiente ya es buscar la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=as%20fuck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;as fuck&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que parece que es una expresión usada para enfatizar cualquier adjetivo. Así que simplemente tenemos que buscar una forma de enfatizar en español que suene malsonante. Por probar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Casado y con un par (de huevos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boricua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Boricua&lt;/a&gt; de cojones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gay de la hostia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas expresiones enfáticas pueden variar según la zona, yo he usado algunas del español de España. ¿Alguna otra alternativa por parte de los usuarios de América Latina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T09:56:05.040" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T09:56:05.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17248" CreationDate="2016-07-14T10:40:56.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues yo añado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almazuela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;almazuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aunque no cumpla exactamente con las condiciones de la pregunta, ya que no es una palabra muy conocida fuera de La Rioja ni su rival está (todavía, pero tiempo al tiempo) en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, es una palabra con solera (viene del árabe y está documentada desde el siglo XVII) y, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=R7_7AgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT120&amp;amp;ots=Rk81GkZnAf&amp;amp;dq=almazuela&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PT119#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=almazuela&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coincido con Álex Grijelmo&lt;/a&gt;, de hermoso sonido, a diferencia de &lt;em&gt;patchwork&lt;/em&gt;, que es indócil a la pronunciación de un hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo triste es que no está incluida en el diccionario y que &lt;em&gt;patchwork&lt;/em&gt; acabará entrando, tal cual o como &quot;páchguor&quot;. Lo mismo da, ¿eh?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T10:50:40.990" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T10:50:40.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17406" CreationDate="2016-07-14T10:46:57.397" Score="2" ViewCount="1313" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues no hay mucho más que explicar. A veces encontramos noticias del tipo &quot;La RAE incluirá &lt;em&gt;almóndiga&lt;/em&gt; en la próxima edición del diccionario&quot;. Pero, una vez incluida la &lt;em&gt;almóndiga&lt;/em&gt; (o cualquier otra palabra), ¿cómo puede saberse la fecha de la inclusión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede dar algún procedimiento fijo (alguna serie de pasos) que concluya en la obtención de esta información?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T06:58:26.653" Title="¿Cómo saber cuándo una palabra o expresión se añadió al DLE?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17405" CreationDate="2016-07-14T11:32:48.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23618/12637&quot;&gt;Resources for learning Spanish / Recursos para aprender español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, verás que existe un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt;. Ahí puedes consultar términos en varias versiones del diccionario desde 1780 hasta 2001 de forma simultánea. Así se puede saber cuándo se incluyó un término o cuándo se le añadió un significado nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, el mapa de diccionarios da una idea aproximada de la fecha de inclusión. Si quieres el año exacto lo mejor es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española (NTLLE)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que no solo busca una palabra en todas y cada una de las ediciones del diccionario de la RAE desde 1780 hasta 1992, sino también en muchos otros diccionarios, incluyendo el &lt;em&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/em&gt; de 1611 y el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, la obra de la RAE previa al DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-08-02T06:58:26.653" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T06:58:26.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17407" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-14T13:01:12.620" Score="2" ViewCount="604" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún criterio para la substitución de &lt;em&gt;ya no...&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;no ... más&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la siguiente frase me parece correcta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No bebo más  (significando &lt;em&gt;ya no bebo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es más problema / problemático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; parece ser lo mismo que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya no es un problema / problemático (correcto)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso me parece incorrecto. ¿Es en alguna parte del mundo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T16:04:16.330" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T16:04:16.330" Title="¿Es &quot;no ... más&quot; como &quot;ya no&quot; correcto?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17407" CreationDate="2016-07-14T13:16:17.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como en muchos casos puede haber diferencias regionales pero todas son correctas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia es absolutamente normal decir &quot;Ya no es problema&quot; o &quot;Ya no es un problema&quot; pero es muy raro decir &quot;No es más un problema&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;No bebo más&quot; la usaría a eso de las 3 de la mañana al final de la fiesta para decir que ya he bebido lo suficiente por esta vez, mientras que al decir &quot;ya no bebo&quot; el sentido sería que en alguna época me gustaba beber pero ahora ya no lo hago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T13:16:17.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17407" CreationDate="2016-07-14T14:37:01.260" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que &quot;más&quot; se puede confundir con adverbio de cantidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No bebo más&quot; puede significar que sí bebes, pero no en mayor cantidad, mientras que &quot;Ya no bebo&quot; sólo puede significar que no bebes, pero sí bebías en el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo con &quot;No es más problemático&quot;. Parece que te estás refiriendo a &lt;em&gt;qué tan problemático&lt;/em&gt; es algo (no más que alguna otra cosa), en vez de a &lt;em&gt;cuándo fue problemático&lt;/em&gt; algo (en el pasado, pero no ahora).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras no haya ambigüedad con el otro significado de &quot;más&quot;, se puede usar la construcción &quot;no... más&quot; sin más problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T14:37:01.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17334" CreationDate="2016-07-15T09:11:03.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la expresión &lt;em&gt;autómata&lt;/em&gt; es apropiada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito es un autómata, ya que le dedica horas a memorizar sus estudios pero no los comprende...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Autómata&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a una persona automatizada, automática, como un androide o un robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13187" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T09:23:31.117" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T09:23:31.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17366" CreationDate="2016-07-15T10:12:20.690" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;Me puso en cuatro&quot; or &quot;ponte en cuatro&quot; it's a very informal shrinkage or reduction of a sentence about the sexual position &quot;on fours&quot; (referring doglegs) in spanish &quot;en cuatro patas (de perro)&quot;. It's an animal sex position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America we usually use animals to enrich the vocabulary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;nadar a lo perrito&quot; (to swim as the puppy dogs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To say &quot;I came fast because I drove dodging cars&quot; in Chile we have an informal sentence &quot;Me vine culebreando&quot; (&quot;I came dodging as snakes do&quot; or best &quot;I came snaking&quot;. In Argentina they would say &quot;I came rabbiting&quot; referring to rabbits dodging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a child has a dry cough, we say &quot;dog cough&quot; (tos de perro).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When we feel a tingling in a hand, we say &quot;ants in a hand&quot; (hormigueo en las manos. Ant = hormiga). The ending &quot;&lt;strong&gt;eo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; indicates the feel as if the subject (an insect in this case) are doing to you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The ending &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ando&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (conejo = conejeando) indicates an human behavior similar to a subject (an animal in this case) that usually are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13187" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T15:14:24.510" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T15:14:24.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17280" CreationDate="2016-07-15T10:45:50.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿qué acepción de &quot;injerir&quot; tiene &quot;inserir&quot;? ¿La transitiva en el&#xA;  sentido de injertar plantas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como dice la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Hz0Qm1huwD6QceSTe6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inserir.&lt;/strong&gt; ‘Insertar o introducir [una cosa] en otra’.(...) También puede emplearse, con este sentido, la variante injerir (→&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;injerir(se), 2&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada del DPD para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=3qZrr62YyD6c4sUaZB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;injerir(se)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; hay 3 notas, pero la correspondiente a &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=3qZrr62YyD6c4sUaZB#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la segunda&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Como transitivo, significa ‘meter o introducir [una cosa] en otra’: «&lt;em&gt;Timoneda&lt;/em&gt; [...] &lt;em&gt;se percató de que las partes jocosas se&#xA;  podían desglosar e injerir EN otras comedias&lt;/em&gt;» (Asensio &lt;em&gt;Itinerario&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [Esp. 1965-71]); con este sentido puede emplearse también la variante&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt; (→ inserir).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este significado (&quot;meter o introducir [una cosa] en otra&quot;) es la correspondiente a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ld3rZOs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrada 2 del DLE para &lt;em&gt;injerir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que es la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkUR02C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrada 1 de &lt;em&gt;insertar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;introducir algo en otra cosa&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todo &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;injerir&lt;/em&gt;, pero solo &lt;em&gt;injerir(2)&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt;, según el DPD. No obstante, el ejemplo que proporciona se refiere a textos y podría ser también &lt;em&gt;injerir(3)&lt;/em&gt;. La 3ª acepción es un caso particular de la 2ª que tiene entidad propia.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo no usaría &lt;em&gt;inserir&lt;/em&gt; para las plantas, aunque a veces parte del injerto se introduzca en la planta receptora y tampoco usaría &lt;em&gt;insertar&lt;/em&gt; por inespecífico.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sí podría utilizarse en sentido figurado &lt;em&gt;injertar&lt;/em&gt; para textos (la 3ª acepción) pero tiene que haber una buena razón estilística para ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T10:45:50.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17414" CreationDate="2016-07-15T11:26:06.803" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hice una &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/334501/what-is-a-longstop-british-i-think&quot;&gt;pregunta en EL&amp;amp;U&lt;/a&gt; sobre una palabra que me encontré en un texto de Julian Barnes: &lt;em&gt;longstop&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Os dejo tiempo para que leáis la pregunta, la respuesta y los comentarios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Barnes utiliza una metáfora deportiva para decir que tal vez Dios quiera asumir ese papel de &lt;em&gt;longstop&lt;/em&gt;. Para ello, utiliza un deporte muy popular en Gran Bretaña y toda la &lt;em&gt;Commonwealth&lt;/em&gt; (no así en los EEUU): el críquet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo podría traducirse en español &lt;em&gt;longstop&lt;/em&gt; en esta acepción, a ser posible utilizando alguna metáfora deportiva que sea inteligible por el público hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T12:00:02.620" Title="¿Cómo traducir este &quot;longstop&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17413" CreationDate="2016-07-15T12:00:02.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encantan estas preguntas. Veamos, la frase traducida sería tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podría disfrutar de ser un especialista en carretera, una compañía de seguros, un XXX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es ese XXX? Según las respuestas y comentarios en la pregunta original, y el tipo de metáfora que quieres emplear, hay que buscar un tipo de jugador de cualquier deporte que represente la última salvaguarda antes del desastre (el tanto del equipo contrario). Lo primero que se me ocurre es, en términos futbolísticos, usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;portero&lt;/em&gt;. Pero como dicha así tal cual se podría malinterpretar, mi propuesta es usar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JirBhAj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guardameta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, cuya etimología además incluye el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JjJWqPL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guardar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;cuidar, preservar&lt;/em&gt;, que concuerda con el sentido de protección de las compañías de seguros, por seguir el símil. A fin de cuentas, un guardameta constituye la última línea defensiva antes del gol, y sólo debe actuar cuando los integrantes de la defensa no hacen bien su trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T12:00:02.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17399" CreationDate="2016-07-15T18:50:14.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ese caso lo correcto sería que ambos lleven acento, ya que el &lt;strong&gt;quién&lt;/strong&gt; y el &lt;strong&gt;dónde&lt;/strong&gt; no indican a alguien en específico que ya ha sido mencionado o que se conoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo en el que no llevarían acento es el siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mejor amigo, que nació en México, donde se encuentra actualmente, es una persona a quien conozco bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso no se utiliza el acento debido a que el lugar y la persona de quien se habla, han sido mencionados antes, y solo se utiliza Quien y Donde para evitar repetir el sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que con el ejemplo logres distinguir más fácilmente si es correcto utilizar el acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13191" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T18:50:14.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17376" CreationDate="2016-07-15T19:00:28.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many places, spanish speakers are used to pronouncing words in a different way when using a coloquial language. I think this is the case, in Mexico is very common to hear people pronouncing it in that way, but is not correct when talking properly.&#xA;The meaning is the same as &lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/strong&gt;, with no stress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13191" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T19:00:28.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17418" CreationDate="2016-07-15T19:32:48.267" Score="10" ViewCount="2505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;el marido&quot; means &quot;the husband&quot; and that it can also be translated as &quot;spouse,&quot; but I see no strong evidence that one would refer to a spouse of feminine biological gender as &quot;una marida.&quot;  Just because I don't see evidence of it doesn't mean that it couldn't be considered correct.  Can anyone tell me if any of the following would sound strange to a native speaker of Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El nombre de su marida es María.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella es una marida y una madre.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Su madre es la marida de un soldado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, is use of &quot;marida&quot; just not commonly used?  What word do Spanish speakers typically use to refer to a person's wife and does it differ from region to region or whether or not a person is talking about his own wife versus wives in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T04:04:56.887" LastActivityDate="2021-05-02T21:57:16.837" Title="Is it possible to refer to a wife as &quot;una marida?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2016-07-15T20:02:23.353" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are words that have masculine and feminine but there are others that don't. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in English you have horse and mare (caballo yegua), bull and cow (toro vaca), husband and wife (marido y mujer / esposo y esposa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the feminine of &quot;marido&quot; we use among others: cónyuge, mujer, señora, compañera, consorte, esposa, pareja, costilla, media naranja (the last two are colloquial and may vary regionally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a verb, &quot;maridar&quot; does exist and means &quot;pairing&quot; but it is rarely used except in the context of pairing food and wine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T15:09:49.687" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:09:49.687" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2016-07-15T20:06:48.390" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Marida&quot; as a noun does not exist in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;marido&quot; is commonly used in pair with &quot;mujer&quot;. If you want the male and female words to be of the same root, you can use &quot;esposo/esposa&quot;. The term &quot;cónyuge&quot; can be used for both male and female.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/esposo&quot;&gt;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/esposo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T20:06:48.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17320" CreationDate="2016-07-15T23:50:49.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que he encontrado una forma de separar el uso de &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; en informática del resto, pero no es magia: es ciencia (como toda la magia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B2JRP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B2JRP.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abrupta aparición de las expresiones &amp;quot;puntero del ratón&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;puntero del mouse&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos ver la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=puntero+del+rat%C3%B3n%2Cpuntero+del+mouse&amp;amp;year_start=1980&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=0&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cpuntero%20del%20rat%C3%B3n%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cpuntero%20del%20mouse%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aparición brusca de las expresiones&lt;/a&gt;. Esto no significa que hasta 1993 o hasta 1995 no apareciera ningún libro de informática con las palabras &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente: hay que tener en cuenta que hemos disminuido la muestra al buscar la expresión &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; solo estamos considerando los libros que tiene escaneados Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos comparar el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=puntero+del+rat%C3%B3n%2F(puntero+del+rat%C3%B3n%2Bpuntero+del+mouse)%2Cpuntero+del+mouse%2F(puntero+del+rat%C3%B3n%2Bpuntero+del+mouse)&amp;amp;year_start=1985&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=0&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28puntero%20del%20rat%C3%B3n%20/%20%28puntero%20del%20rat%C3%B3n%20%2B%20puntero%20del%20mouse%29%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28puntero%20del%20mouse%20/%20%28puntero%20del%20rat%C3%B3n%20%2B%20puntero%20del%20mouse%29%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uso de una expresión a costa de la otra&lt;/a&gt; sumando ambas cifras y calculando la porción de cada una respecto a esa suma. Cuando una sube, la otra baja, claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pvNjO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pvNjO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Rivalidad de ambas expresiones&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gráfica está sin suavizar: así se ven los resultados reales por año. ¿Qué pasó en 2003?. En 2005 se editó el DPD, que incluye la recomendación de usar &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Hubo algún avance en 2003-2004 al respecto? Sería interesante ver si así fue. Desde aquel año &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt; fue perdiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dije en el comentario de arriba, los escritores y correctores sí consultan estas recomendaciones y suelen estar al tanto de los avances de la RAE (aunque solo sea por aviso de compañeros de profesión). Utilizar una recomendación de la RAE es una forma de acallar la críticas a sus escritos de los partidarios de la opción opuesta, así que eso les proporciona salud mental (aunque ellos utilicen la otra en el habla). Como dije, lo escrito permanece, se lee una y otra vez y va haciendo mella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también está el efecto Mateo que nombré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T05:48:14.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17421" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17423" CreationDate="2016-07-16T11:52:24.857" Score="5" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;An example taken from the RAE's DPD 5.2b (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;...el indefinido 'uno' y su referente es la persona que habla&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si la ven a una vacilar, enseguida se aprovechan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please translate this example to English and explain what it means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13077" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-16T13:55:16.427" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:40:49.690" Title="Indefinite 'uno/una' referring to the speaker - can someone explain?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17424" CreationDate="2016-07-16T13:42:11.950" Score="3" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la manera más correcta de traducir &quot;reader base&quot;? Lo que quiero decir es que un escritor &quot;develops a reader base&quot;, que obviamente no se refiere a desarrollar los propios lectores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más cerca que encontré es en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=reader%20base&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;, que ofrece sólo dos traducciones que realmente se refieren a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Our newspaper counts with a loyal reader base&lt;/em&gt; = Nuestro semanario cuenta con fieles lectores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta me parece la más natural, pero ¿cómo puedo &quot;desarrollar&quot; un adjunto de lectores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The reader base in the mainland is obviously demographically higher&lt;/em&gt; =&#xA;  La base de lectores residentes en los Estados Unidos es obviamente demográficamente mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de frase es lo que busco, pero la he visto sólo una vez por todo el Internet, puede ser que es una traducción demasiado inglesa/literal. ¿Os suena bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que habría otras frases semejantes que se refieren a un &quot;base&quot; de gente y pueden adaptarse, pero no se me ocurrió ninguna. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9043" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-16T14:04:10.553" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T14:24:28.230" Title="&quot;Reader base&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17421" CreationDate="2016-07-16T13:53:14.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence means something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If they see one hesitate, they immediately take advantage of one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's see if I can explain it right. The speaker should talk about herself in the first person, and the sentence should be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me ven vacilar, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case, the speaker is a third person from the point of view of the subject of the sentence (they). So she assumes herself that third person and thus speaks about herself in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la ven...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;If they see her...&quot; Who is her? Oneself. And the word in Spanish to talk about oneself in third person is &lt;em&gt;uno/una&lt;/em&gt;. So the sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la ven a una vacilar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The speaker talks about a personal experience, but is probably also advising that it could happen to anyone, so the sentence could also be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If they see you hesitate...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as mdeway says in his comment. He also notes in another comment that speaking about oneself seems old-fashioned in English, but that's not the case in Spanish, at least in this example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T18:40:49.690" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:40:49.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17422" CreationDate="2016-07-16T14:18:00.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas en el diccionario de la RAE la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ASmP2Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;base&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, te encuentras con la siguiente acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de personas representadas por un mandatario, delegado o portavoz suyo. U. t. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción se usa mucho en los partidos políticos, con frases como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cúpula del partido decidió consultar a las bases si apoyaba o no a la oposición. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El quid de la acepción es que el conjunto de personas está representado por alguien. En este caso, más que un representante lo que hay es un nexo de unión, la persona que une al grupo no es un representante político sino un escritor al que todos leen. Si nos quedamos con la parte de la acepción de &quot;grupo de personas&quot;, no cuesta trabajo pensar en una &quot;base de lectores&quot;, término que no me suena para nada raro, y que he leído en más de una ocasión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-16T14:24:28.230" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T14:24:28.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17334" CreationDate="2016-07-16T22:52:42.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En El Salvador, &lt;strong&gt;guayabearse&lt;/strong&gt; algo es aprendérselo de memoria, no necesariamente sin entender lo que se aprende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuve que guayabearme muchas cosas cuando era estudiante. Y todavía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas de las cosas que me guayabeé, todavía me sirven: las tablas de&#xA;  multiplicar, las conjugaciones, la historia, la geografía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usamos &lt;strong&gt;cranear&lt;/strong&gt; cuando de verdad estamos pensando algo: reflexionando, inventando o descubriendo una solución. En una exposición en la Universidad un compañero dijo: &quot;Déjeme cranearlo&quot;. Todos nos pusimos a reír.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la escuela de mi hermana se caracterizaban por aprenderse las cosas por pura memoria: cuando exponían algo, lo recitaban palabra por palabra, mecánicamente, sin preocuparse en transmitir la idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que contestando tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito es pura guayaba, es pura paporreta, parece autómata, parece robot...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o mejor, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito parece lora...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T11:29:27.670" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T11:29:27.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17427" CreationDate="2016-07-17T04:53:14.360" Score="2" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm comparing the original English of &quot;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer&quot; with the Spanish translation on Wikisource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part it's very good, but I noticed this mistranslation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The boys thought that this happy circumstance would turn suspicion in the right direction; but they were dis-appointed, for more than one&#xA;  villager remarked: &quot;It was within three feet of Muff Potter when it&#xA;  done it.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los dos muchachos pensaron que aquella feliz circunstancia encaminaría las sospechas hacia donde debían ir; pero sufrieron un&#xA;  desengaño, pues varios de los presentes hicieron notar «que ese Joe&#xA;  estaba a menos de una vara cuando Muff Potter cometió el crimen».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That last part should be something more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«que el cuerpo estaba a menos de una vara de Muff Potter cuando sangró».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know my clumsy stab at it is wrong; I'm trying to say Muff Potter was within three feet of the body when it bled a little. Here is the passage in more context (the entire paragraph):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Injun Joe helped to raise the body of the murdered man and put it in a wagon for removal; and it was whispered through the shuddering crowd&#xA;  that the wound bled a little! The boys thought that this happy&#xA;  circumstance would turn suspicion in the right direc-tion; but they&#xA;  were disappointed, for more than one vil-lager remarked: &quot;It was&#xA;  within three feet of Muff Potter when it done it.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Joe ayudó a levantar el cuerpo de la víctima y a cargarlo en un carro; y se cuchicheó entre la estremecida multitud... ¡que la herida&#xA;  había sangrado un poco! Los dos muchachos pensaron que aquella feliz&#xA;  circunstancia encaminaría las sospechas hacia donde debían ir; pero&#xA;  sufrieron un desengaño, pues varios de los presentes hicieron notar&#xA;  «que ese Joe estaba a menos de una vara cuando Muff Potter cometió el&#xA;  crimen».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a better translation than that given («que ese Joe estaba a menos de una vara cuando Muff Potter cometió el crimen»), which doesn't accurately convey the meaning, and my clumsy attempt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-17T21:28:43.527" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T21:28:43.527" Title="What is a more grammatically correct translation for this passage from &quot;Tom Sawyer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17426" CreationDate="2016-07-17T05:43:23.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree. The Wikisource translation is wrong. The superstitious belief that a corpse would bleed in the presence of the murderer is known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruentation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cruentation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cruentation (Latin: &quot;ius cruentationis&quot; or &quot;Ius feretri sine&#xA;  sandapilae&quot;) was one of the medieval methods of finding proof against&#xA;  a suspected murderer. The common belief was that the body of the&#xA;  victim would spontaneously bleed in the presence of the murderer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BNhP7L7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cruentación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has another meaning, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=65tEAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA324&amp;amp;lpg=PA324&amp;amp;dq=%22la+cruentacion+es+prueba+de+ello%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=UVpTArI9pg&amp;amp;sig=-0imSIru5sg7KvlPUB1UgUcI6hk&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjUwOHo5vnNAhWHUBQKHZv_A5QQ6AEIHjAA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this word is used sometimes&lt;/a&gt; in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the corpse bleeds when Injun Joe helps to raise it, the kids hope that this would be interpreted as a proof against him. But, to their disappointment, the crowd thinks is due to the presence of Muff Potter within three feet of the corpse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think a better translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joe ayudó a levantar el cuerpo de la víctima y a cargarlo en un carro;&#xA;  y se cuchicheó entre la estremecida multitud que ¡la herida había&#xA;  sangrado un poco! Los dos muchachos pensaron que aquella feliz&#xA;  circunstancia encaminaría las sospechas hacia donde debían ir; pero&#xA;  sufrieron un desengaño, pues varios de los presentes hicieron notar&#xA;  que «Muff Potter estaba a menos de una vara cuando sucedió».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-17T15:55:20.960" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T15:55:20.960" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17317" CreationDate="2016-07-17T19:14:37.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La tarea de la RAE es registrar el lenguaje tal y como es hablado por sus hablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una gran mayoría de sus hablantes usan una determinada palabra, la RAE la registra. Generalmente como un vulgarismo/coloquianismo, cuando la palabra se normaliza en la sociedad, pasa a ser una palabra más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estas palabras son extranjeras, suelen ser normalizadas para que se adapten a la grafía y pronunciación españolas. Por ejemplo la palabra &lt;em&gt;airbag&lt;/em&gt;, pronunciada en inglés: &lt;em&gt;[érbag]&lt;/em&gt; , pasa a pronunciarse &lt;em&gt;airbág&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, cuando existe una palabra española equivalente al extranjerismo, la RAE se resiste a añadirla. Por ejemplo con la palabra &lt;em&gt;selfie&lt;/em&gt;, argumentando que ya existe un equivalente en español (&lt;em&gt;autofoto&lt;/em&gt;). No obstante, solo es cuestión de tiempo que la acaben añadiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20141016/54417975191/nuevo-diccionario-rae-blaugrana-birra.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entrevista con un académico de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; donde se trata este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es pronto para introducir ‘selfie’?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es aún más pronto. En un coloquio un señor muy enfadado con la&#xA;  palabra ‘selfie’ me decía que teníamos que adoptar la palabra&#xA;  ‘autofoto’. Pues muy bien, a ver quién es el que consigue que autofoto&#xA;  sea la que triunfe. Ni la Academia ni nadie puede gobernar los usos&#xA;  léxicos de 400 y pico millones de personas. Y ‘selfie’ no ha habido&#xA;  tiempo ni de considerarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Le preocupa el alud de palabras del inglés?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Personalmente a mí no. Es posible que yo sea uno de los académicos que&#xA;  menos le preocupan los anglicismos. No soy muy alarmista ni muy&#xA;  catastrofista en esto de los extranjerismos. A los historiadores de la&#xA;  lengua como yo, eso nos da una visión un poco más relativizadora y&#xA;  desdramatizadora. En el siglo XVIII español había verdadera alarma&#xA;  ante la profusión de galicismos y se llegó a profetizar que el francés&#xA;  iba a acabar con la lengua española. Las lenguas son sabias y saben&#xA;  aceptar lo que necesitan y no rebasar un cupo tolerable de&#xA;  extranjerismos crudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay compensaciones, como la palabra ‘tableta’, que está triunfando.&#xA;  Pero empeñarse en no meter ‘selfie’ y meter ‘autofoto’ sería ingenuo.&#xA;  No se puede pensar que la Academia tiene ese poder de convicción sobre&#xA;  tantos millones de usuarios para proscribir el empleo de ‘selfie’. Si&#xA;  al final hay que aceptarla, como decía Espronceda, “un cadáver más qué&#xA;  importa al mundo”, pues un anglicismo más qué importa al mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Informal: Es correcto usar extranjerismos, siempre que estén aceptados y no se abuse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formal: Evitarlos, usar solo los que estén muy aceptados. Palabras como selfie pueden ser válidas incluso aunque no estén aceptadas por la RAE aún, pero debe usarse entrecomillado y en cursiva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T11:33:30.050" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T11:33:30.050" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-17T22:11:37.207" Score="4" ViewCount="2048" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;voituret copera&quot; en el tango argentino &quot;Pato&quot;?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer te vi pasar con aire de bacán&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en una &lt;strong&gt;voituret copera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te saludé y vos te hiciste el gil&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como si no me conocieras;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voituret&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra francesa que significa &lt;em&gt;auto&lt;/em&gt;.  Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;copera&lt;/em&gt; es una mujer que trabaja atendiendo clientes en un cabaret. Sospecho que la expresión podría aplicarse a un tipo de auto francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13205" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-17T22:44:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-19T07:42:56.413" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión argentina &quot;voituret copera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17430" CreationDate="2016-07-17T23:51:10.383" Score="7" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bacán&lt;/em&gt; puede ser el que mantiene a una concubina pero aquí es alguien que vive y viste a lo grande, de forma ostentosa[1] (que no&#xA;es lo mismo que&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/pascual-ensena-a-amar-la-lengua-en-no-es-lo-mismo-ostentoso-que-ostentoreo-7343/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ostentórea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).    &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voituret&lt;/em&gt;, más que un auto, es un tipo de carruaje[2].  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;copera&lt;/em&gt;, como sustantivo, es lo que tú indicas, aquí es un adjetivo: &lt;em&gt;lujosa&lt;/em&gt;[1].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, el protagonista ve al &quot;amigo&quot; montado en un carruaje lujoso, bien vestido y con aire altivo, lo saluda y él se hace el tonto (el gil) y lo ignora por ser pato (no tener dinero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fattiditango.files.wordpress.com/2007/05/diccionario-del-lunfardo-jerga-del-espanol-de-buenos-aires-vocabulario-tango.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de&#xA;    lunfardo&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/bitstream/riufc/3386/1/1984_Art_MCAzevedo.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LUNFARDO, VESRE E OUTRAS MODALIDADES DO LINGUAJAR&#xA;ARGENTINO&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T08:02:43.033" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T08:02:43.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17438" CreationDate="2016-07-17T23:56:42.860" Score="5" ViewCount="5302" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done some searching on this, both here at StackExchange and elsewhere, but nothing I've found thus far addresses this question and in this day and age of single parent families where women are sometimes the only parent, it is something I've wondered about for a while now.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of what has been returned to me in searches makes me think that feminizing the word &quot;padre&quot; by adding &quot;la&quot; in front of it refers to something else altogether.  Also, along these same lines, if you wanted to refer to several female parents, would you say &quot;las padres?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2019-09-07T06:27:58.817" Title="If &quot;el padre&quot; means &quot;the parent,&quot; how do you specifically refer to a female parent?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17432" CreationDate="2016-07-18T00:06:06.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was a kid and the school would send a note to my parents the note would be addressed to the child's &quot;padre, madre o encargado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling around I found that in Argentina they use the even longer form &quot;padre, madre, tutor o encargado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears there is no single word that can refer to a generic parent of undetermined gender. In normal speech &quot;padre o madre&quot; is used, or sometimes just &quot;padre&quot;. In formal speech they use one of the longer forms I mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T00:06:06.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17432" CreationDate="2016-07-18T01:25:16.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in your previous question about &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17417/is-it-possible-to-refer-to-a-wife-as-una-marida&quot;&gt;marido&lt;/a&gt;&quot; you can not just change the article. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Padre&quot; is masculine and to specifically refer to the female parent you use &quot;madre&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The plural &quot;padres&quot; refers to both parents male and female so for instance you could ask a child &quot;¿dónde están tus padres? (where are your parents?) to ask for either or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know that the child has two female parents (gay marriage is getting more common each day) you may ask about his mothers by saying &quot;madres&quot; but if you do not know the gender of the parents you could surely say &quot;padres&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T14:57:03.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17432" CreationDate="2016-07-18T02:12:25.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although you already selected one answer, I would like to bring more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say &lt;code&gt;uno de los padres&lt;/code&gt; for referring either the father or the mother, one of them, not they both together. Of course you can use any of the variations you can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño puede venir acompañado por &lt;strong&gt;cualquiera de los padres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uno de los padres&lt;/strong&gt; debe firmar la autorización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conoces el nombre de &lt;strong&gt;alguno de los padres&lt;/strong&gt; de Gabriela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Padre&lt;/code&gt; is always masculine and can never be use as feminine, nor in singular nor in plural. But &lt;code&gt;padres&lt;/code&gt; can be used for referring the mother and the father, and of course for referring to two or more masculine parents, but never for referring several feminine parents, in that case you say &lt;code&gt;las madres&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the times when you speak about a single mother you say &lt;code&gt;ella es la mamá y el papá de Juanito&lt;/code&gt;, meaning she assumes both roles. That's the same for fathers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T02:19:37.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17397" CreationDate="2016-07-18T06:44:51.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a quick answer to a question that was a bit more challenging to answer than I had anticipated.  Using my best estimates off of some pseudo-scientific research I conducted recently (link to potential paper/article and/or slide show to follow), my guess is that &lt;strong&gt;approximately .5 percent of nouns with feminine grammatical gender end in -o.  In this study, that looked at 1,800 of the most frequent nouns in Spanish, I only found three -- la mano, la foto, and la moto.  Approximately 3 percent of nouns with masculine grammatical gender end in -a.  These include words such as &quot;el día,&quot; &quot;el idioma,&quot; and &quot;el clima.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  These nouns I refer to do not include nouns that have both biological and grammatical gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Among those nouns that take both, approximately 7 percent of these end in -a and are used for both male and female.  Examples of these include &quot;el artista,&quot; &quot;el turista,&quot; and &quot;el especialista.&quot;  3 percent of nouns that have both biological and grammatical gender &lt;em&gt;and end in -o&lt;/em&gt; are feminine (and also masculine).  Some are disputed (such as &quot;miembro&quot;) but some of the more commonly known ones are &quot;la soldado,&quot; &quot;la testigo,&quot; and &quot;la modelo.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  For beginning students of Spanish, keep in mind that articles (definite or indefinite) and adjectives modifying these nouns must match biological gender.  In other words, if your mom is an artist you would refer to her as &quot;una artista,&quot; not &quot;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; artista.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone disputes any of the above or knows of a more rigorous study than mine, which only examined 1,800 of the most frequent nouns, please share it with us here.  If it is a more worthwhile study than my own, I'll even give up the checkmark for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T17:03:10.317" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T17:03:10.317" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17437" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17642" CreationDate="2016-07-18T07:51:18.113" Score="9" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que me da por buscar en el diccionario la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DIELxzf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despavorido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (usada en expresiones como &lt;em&gt;huir despavorido&lt;/em&gt;), y me encuentro con que es el&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Participio del antiguo &lt;em&gt;despavorir&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;sentir pavor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamó la atención lo de &quot;antiguo&quot;, y efectivamente, dicha palabra no viene recogida en el diccionario. La busco en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; y la palabra aparece en todas las versiones desde 1780 hasta 1992, siendo la versión de 2001 la primera en la que la palabra ya ha caído en desuso y ha sido eliminada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la pregunta que me surge, tras otras en sentido inverso que hablan sobre la inclusión de palabras (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13257/12637&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17317/12637&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;), es la siguiente: ¿cómo decide la RAE qué palabras o acepciones deben retirarse del diccionario? En su página web, la RAE afirma que el proceso de actualización del diccionario consiste en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La adición de nuevos artículos o acepciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La supresión de artículos o acepciones ya existentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La enmienda total o parcial de los artículos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es ese segundo paso el que me intriga. ¿Cuántos años deben pasar desde que una palabra deja de usarse hasta que desaparece del diccionario? ¿Cómo se sabe que ha dejado de usarse? ¿Se eliminaría igualmente si aún se siguiera usando en el habla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:22:04.857" Title="¿Cuál es el proceso para eliminar una palabra del DRAE?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17432" CreationDate="2016-07-18T10:02:12.057" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure that I understand the question, but I'll take a go at it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others said before, the word &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; can never be used specifically for a female; you would use &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt;. The plural, &lt;em&gt;padres&lt;/em&gt;, would include male and female, but &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;, does not. This is consistent with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RQfIvcj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE definition&lt;/a&gt;; the plural includes both sexes, but the singular does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a word that can be used for any parent: &lt;em&gt;progenitor&lt;/em&gt;. This word can vary to &lt;em&gt;progenitora&lt;/em&gt; for a female parent, but the masculine &lt;em&gt;progenitor&lt;/em&gt; can refer to either a man or a woman. Currently, official documents in Spain no longer read &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; for a person, but &lt;em&gt;progenitor A&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;progenitor B&lt;/em&gt;; this makes no assumption as to the sex of both parents. But &lt;em&gt;progenitor&lt;/em&gt; is a fairly formal word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever you mean &lt;em&gt;any parent&lt;/em&gt;, you may also say &lt;em&gt;el padre o la madre&lt;/em&gt;. Similar to what Santiago Tórtora says for Argentina, in Spain the formula &lt;em&gt;padre, madre o tutor legal&lt;/em&gt; is quite usual to mean any child guardian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that the use of the word &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;, in singular, to refer only to a man and never a woman is not controversial among Spanish speakers, unlike what happens with many other masculine words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T14:51:27.070" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T14:51:27.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17439" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-18T17:48:00.077" Score="1" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tiempo lo considero de poco uso, pero al momento de aplicarlo, viene siendo así como &lt;em&gt;la ocasión&lt;/em&gt; para aplicarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estaba cansado. &lt;strong&gt;Había estado jardineando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se acostumbra a usar más el pasado continuo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estaba cansado. &lt;strong&gt;Estaba jardineando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ambas afirmaciones poseen significados distintos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Qué tan usado es este tiempo verbal en otros lados? Yo lo uso acá en mi país pero muy rara vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T20:41:06.663" Title="¿Cómo aplicamos el pretérito pluscuamperfecto continuo?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17442" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:02:39.517" Score="1" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's this wonderful song named &lt;em&gt;Eres para mi&lt;/em&gt; by Julieta Venegas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the song lyrics is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo ha dicho el viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that this translates to &amp;quot;The wind has told me&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add this to my Spanish phrase book, but need some help on proper usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For one thing, would it also be proper to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viento me lo ha dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi hermana me lo ha dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo ha dicho a mi hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:10:55.567" Title="Usage of &quot;me lo ha dicho&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17439" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:06:41.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que sí se usa. Como tú dices tiene significados distintos así que es difícil decirlo de otra forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora durante el almuerzo presté atención a las conversaciones de mis colegas y lo escuché en esta oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por fin encontré un libro que había estado buscando hace rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T18:06:41.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17440" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:12:52.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The last two examples are a bit wrong, you say instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermana me lo ha dicho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo ha dicho mi hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject is the sister, so she is saying to you, not you &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usage in these cases is more common in Spain than in Latin America, where you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermana me lo dijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo dijo mi hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would use that tense most commonly in cases like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que escribir un artículo pero todavía no lo he hecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado esperando la oportunidad para contarte esto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the examples you provide is possible to change the order, so it's the same to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo ha dicho el viento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viento me lo ha dicho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me lo ha dicho mi hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermana me lo ha dicho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The order just mark what you want to put emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the examples I provide those changes are not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T19:11:02.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:40:56.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also can mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;difficult; hard to do&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Can you fix my engine today?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La neta, amigo?... va a estar medio &lt;strong&gt;cabrón&lt;/strong&gt;.. =&gt; (&quot;Really man?.It's going to be pretty hard.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Mexican - Guadalajara.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13216" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T19:40:47.873" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T19:40:47.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17440" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:55:46.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I can't comment, I'll add another answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me lo ha dicho a mi hermana&quot;, which is wrong, is closest to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Se lo ha dicho a mi hermana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; where the subject is implicit, and it would be the Wind. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing it explicitly would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;El viento se lo ha dicho a mi hermana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, but a more common phrase would be: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;El viento le dijo a mi hermana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of them translate roughly to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;The wind told my sister&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, but in the first case emphasis is placed on what the wind said, while on the latter, emphasis is placed on the action.&#xA;Edit: Explicitly, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;El viento se lo ha dicho a mi hermana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; translates to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;The wind has told my sister&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13217" LastEditorUserId="13217" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T19:53:54.527" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T19:53:54.527" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17439" CreationDate="2016-07-18T20:41:06.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa para referirse a una acción/proceso continuo que tuvo lugar antes que el pasado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usemos el ejemplo del libro de la respuesta anterior, e imagina que yo soy el que te  está diciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por fin encontré un libro que había estado buscando hace rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El presente es el momento en el que yo te digo que encontré el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pasado es el momento cuando encontré el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un pasado mas lejano es el momento en el que estuve buscando el libro, &quot;buscando el libro&quot; fue una  acción continua (lo hice por media hora, una hora etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces buscar el libro ocurrió antes que encontrar el libro. Y para expresar eso en presente usas este tiempo verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando llegué a trabajar, mis compañeros ya habían estado trabajando toda la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En contra posición &quot;Cuando llegué, mis compañeros ya estaban trabajando toda la mañana&quot; suena raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión si hablas en presente del pasado y un pasado mas lejano deberías usar el tiempo perfecto. Sin embargo y honestamente nunca me he puesto a analizar como es que hablo diariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al significado de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estaba cansado, estaba jardineando.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo la impresión de que &quot;estaba jardineando&quot; se refiero al una accion inmediatamente anterior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;había estado jardineando&quot; no necesariamente se refiere al momento inmediato anterior, puede referirse a un momento en el pasado aun mas lejano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T20:41:06.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17384" CreationDate="2016-07-18T21:07:32.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think he's an odd speaker. I'm a native speaker and I live near DF. I also hear [ʎ]. I'm not even able to say that words like Alius92. His profile says that his from mexico but &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.forvo.com/word/detallazos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;his pronunciation of detallazos&lt;/a&gt; is like pronunciation from spain using [θ] instead of [s]. So I definitely think it is not a common pronunciation in Mexico, and maybe, nor spanish speakers in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T21:23:27.600" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T21:23:27.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:06:43.723" Score="4" ViewCount="2088" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo acerca de &lt;strong&gt;sufijos despectivos&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Normalmente, cada palabra cuenta con su “forma despectiva” propia, o lo que es lo mismo, a cada palabra le corresponde un afijo particular con el que formar su despectivo. Ciertas palabras, y estas palabras son la excepción, admiten en cambio más de un afijo con el que formar el despectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lee todo en: Despectivo | &lt;a href=&quot;http://lengua.laguia2000.com/gramatica/despectivo#ixzz4EmMVjZjO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La guía de Lengua&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas palabras derivadas se encuentran en el RAE, como padrastro, mujerzuela, libraco, etc. pero si quiero formar nueva derivación de una palabra con despectivo, por ejemplo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;flaca – a + &quot;ucha&quot; = &lt;em&gt;flacucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;casa – a + &quot;ucha&quot; = &lt;em&gt;casucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿puedo decir de &quot;finca&quot;, &lt;em&gt;fincucha&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;padre – e + &quot;astro&quot; = &lt;em&gt;padrastro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;madre – e + &quot;astra&quot; = &lt;em&gt;madrastra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, de &quot;sastre&quot;, ¿por qué no &lt;em&gt;sastrastro&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pueblo&quot; según DRAE es derivada como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TfU7BGX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;populacho&lt;/a&gt;, pero en nuestro dialecto decimos &lt;em&gt;pueblucho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay guía, sistema o procedimiento alguno predeterminado para agregar un sufijo despectivo apropiado? ¿O toda palabra lleva su propio sufijo despectivo determinado solamente por intuición o costumbre regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpen, pero mi lengua materna no es el español, y no tengo dicha intuición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T09:01:38.993" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T09:01:38.993" Title="¿Cómo formar un despectivo?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17449" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:31:35.150" Score="0" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not trusting Google Translate on this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The initial context is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y para esto que &lt;strong&gt;nos viene sucediendo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this mean, and what are additional examples of its usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T13:40:41.883" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:04:57.923" Title="What are some acceptable translations of &quot;nos viene sucediendo&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17448" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:59:44.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do never, never trust Google Translate. Never.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nos viene sucediendo&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;it's been happening to us&lt;/code&gt;. The implicit meaning of this is that is something that is currently happening and has been happening since some time ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es un buen momento para ti y para esto que nos viene sucediendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is not a good time for you and for this that has been happening to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this would mean is that the current time is not good for &lt;em&gt;him&lt;/em&gt; nor for that thing that is happening to &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;. &quot;That thing&quot; would be a crush, or a relation that's currently happening or something like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I see you really like Julieta Venegas ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="13136" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T15:04:57.923" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:04:57.923" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17447" CreationDate="2016-07-19T07:16:00.070" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado repasando el capítulo 9 de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;, dedicado a la derivación apreciativa, y en especial el apartado 9.7: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QnvgZAibRSdbHXxj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sufijos aumentativos y despectivos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Lo más que he encontrado son listas de posibles sufijos con los que formar las variantes despectivas. Simplemente un apunte: no existen los despectivos formados mediante los sufijos &lt;em&gt;-zuelo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-zuela&lt;/em&gt;, sino los formados con &lt;strong&gt;-uelo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;-uela&lt;/strong&gt;. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paño &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pañuelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoja &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Hojuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces, para añadir un sufijo se añaden además interfijos, como es el caso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nube &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nubarrón (nub-arr-ón)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bicho &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bicharraco (bich-arr-aco)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí palabras como el &lt;em&gt;hombrezuelo&lt;/em&gt; que viene en la página de ejemplo que enlazas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, y volviendo al quid de la pregunta, no he encontrado nada al respecto de qué sufijos usar en cada caso. Hay algunas ocasiones en las que las palabras ya están formadas y se usa la forma a la que ya tenemos hecho el oído, sin pararnos a buscar otras. Algunas, como comentas, están en el diccionario porque la palabra que incluye el sufijo tiene lo que se denomina un &quot;significado opaco&quot;. Se entiende esto como lo contrario de transparente, que significa que el significado de la palabra más el sufijo se obtiene directamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casa &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Casita (casa pequeña)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es necesario una entrada aparte. Pero sí por ejemplo para:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cintura &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Hp6AkT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cinturón&lt;/a&gt; (no es una cintura grande)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos ejemplos han sido construidos con sufijos aumentativos o diminutivos, pero también sucede con los sufijos despectivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flaco &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Flacucho (despectivo de flaco sin más, no está en el diccionario)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Padre &gt;&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RQdBfrY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Padrastro&lt;/a&gt; (tiene otros significados aparte del de &quot;mal padre&quot;, luego tiene entrada propia en el diccionario)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de palabras a las que quieras añadir un sufijo despectivo y no haya ya uno que sea de uso común, como podría ser el caso de &lt;em&gt;sastre&lt;/em&gt; que propones, pues entonces es cuestión de probar a ver cuál es el que mejor suena. Tú mismo te has dado cuenta de que &lt;em&gt;sastrastro&lt;/em&gt; suena horrible y es complicado de pronunciar. De las opciones que da la RAE, y por proximidad con (precisamente) &lt;em&gt;hombrezuelo&lt;/em&gt;, yo diría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sastrezuelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Nótese además que ya existen variantes conocidas como &lt;em&gt;sastrecillo&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que dicha proximidad hace que la forma despectiva suene mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que para formar otros derivados, pues simplemente escoge la que mejor suene: &lt;em&gt;mueblucho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;portatilucho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sillastra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;relojacho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;libraco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bolsorro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fincuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Siéntete libre de improvisar, la lengua se trata precisamente de eso. Gracias a este tipo de improvisaciones tenemos palabras como &lt;em&gt;bocata&lt;/em&gt;, que el otro día salió al caso &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17342/12637&quot;&gt;en otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T12:33:34.623" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17454" CreationDate="2016-07-19T13:45:53.410" Score="3" ViewCount="903" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She hasn't done the homework yet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She still hasn't done the homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to convey that she still has to do her homework. However, the latter one may connote a touch of impatience or annoyance. Same is possible in, for instance, German where adding the adverb &lt;em&gt;immer&lt;/em&gt; makes the sublte difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sie hat ihre Hausaufgaben noch nicht gemacht.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sie hat ihre Hausaufgaben noch immer nicht gemacht.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again the latter one expresses irritation about the fact that the homework isn't done yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what about Spanish? Does using one over the other imply a sense of impatience and annoyance, respectively? Or would you, as in German, add another adverb? Or can you tell only by the tone of the voice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1821" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:29:38.290" Title="Difference between &quot;aún&quot; and &quot;todavia&quot; in respect to impatience/annoyance in negative statements?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17452" CreationDate="2016-07-19T14:08:13.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tone of voice is very important to show impatience but I think the sentences in spanish are very similar to the english examples and those are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella no ha hecho la tarea. = She hasn't done the homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella no ha hecho la tarea &lt;strong&gt;todavía&lt;/strong&gt; = She hasn't done the homework yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use &amp;quot;yet&amp;quot; (todavía) you are getting impatient or annoyed about the fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're really getting mad you may put even more emphasis on the &amp;quot;todavia&amp;quot; saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;todavía&lt;/strong&gt; no ha hecho la tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case by moving &amp;quot;todavía&amp;quot; to the beginning you are getting the meaning of &amp;quot;still&amp;quot; in your second example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T14:13:25.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17452" CreationDate="2016-07-19T14:38:36.433" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The nuances work in the same fashion as the English sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; interchangeably along with the present perfect (aka in Spanish &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/em&gt;) to show that something expected hasn't happened.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Unlike English, the position of &lt;em&gt;yet&lt;/em&gt; can be placed in any part of the sentence. It depends on how we'd like to express it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella no ha terminado su tarea &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (We expect her to do it sometime. There's no rush.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella no ha terminado &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt; su tarea.&lt;/em&gt; (We thought she'd be a bit faster.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt; no ha terminado su tarea.&lt;/em&gt; (We're running out of patience.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, when constructing a question, there's often an annoyance implicitly implying &lt;em&gt;can you please do it?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Aún/Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; no ha terminado su tarea?&lt;/em&gt; (We're thinking this is terrible.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿No ha terminado su tarea &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/em&gt; (Same focus.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We do not use &lt;em&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/em&gt; in affirmative sentences or when the question does not include a negative part.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella ha terminado tu tarea &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; (= the action is completed.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Ha terminado su tarea &lt;strong&gt;aún/todavía&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; (This is better asked by using the present simple: &lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Aún/Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; termina su tarea?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T15:29:38.290" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:29:38.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="322" CreationDate="2016-07-19T19:26:04.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question has received a number of good responses already and I see that one has already been checked as the best one, but I recently did a study on a list of 2,000 of the most frequent nouns in Spanish (which I subsequently whittled down to 1,800).  I compiled it to answer this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17397/what-percentage-of-nouns-ending-in-a-are-masculine-and-what-percentage-of-nouns/17436#17436&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What percentage of nouns ending in -a are masculine and what percentage of nouns ending in -o are feminine?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in the process compiled data that may add insight to your inquiry.  I can't say that what I'm about to add &lt;em&gt;definitively&lt;/em&gt; answers your question because, for starters, I didn't look at every noun in the Spanish lexicon, but you may find it interesting, nonetheless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, I grouped these nouns into two main categories -- those that have both biological and grammatical gender (e.g., &quot;chico&quot;) and those that have just grammatical gender (e.g., &quot;año&quot;).  I didn't set out to study nouns that ended in -e, but thought it would be good to have a category for nouns that ended in a vowel other than -a or -o.  What I discovered, among nouns with just grammatical gender, is that 97 percent of the time, if a noun does not end in -a or -o, that vowel ending is going to be -e.  Only 5 words in this set of nouns ended in a vowel other than -e (&quot;ley,&quot; &quot;taxi,&quot; &quot;espiritú,&quot; &quot;menú,&quot; and &quot;whisky&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to more directly answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are the majority of words ending in e masculine or feminine?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it appears that nouns that end in -e are almost three times as likely to be masculine as they are to be feminine.  I don't know how much this will help you since nouns ending in -e only appear to comprise 10 percent of nouns (across all categories -- those taking both biological and grammatical gender and those with just grammatical gender).  But, if you do encounter one and need to guess, it appears that guessing that it is masculine is a good bet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing that really jumped out at me from this study of nouns appeared in the category I'll call &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/epicene&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;epicene nouns,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; which, linguistically, means the noun form does not change for male or female biological gender.  Spanish refers to these types of nouns as &quot;common gender&quot; (&lt;em&gt;género común&lt;/em&gt;) nouns.  Guifa, a top contributor to this StackExchange, makes reference to this in the thread, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8295/origin-of-gender-neutral-nouns-such-as-la-el-artista-la-el-testigo-la-el&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Origin of gender-neutral nouns ...”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Examples of this include &quot;artista,&quot; &quot;turista,&quot; and &quot;estudiante.&quot;  For more examples, visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://seyrich.com/langue/spanish_genders.html#Doubled_gendered_identical&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Double-gendered nouns with equivalent meaning (género común).&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Male and female are identified by the inclusion of an article (e.g., &quot;el artista&quot; for a male artist and &quot;la artista&quot; for a female artist) or descriptive adjective (e.g., &quot;artista talentoso&quot; would be referring to a male artist).  What was surprising to me about this category was how many of these types of words end in neither -a (only 35%) nor -o (only 15%),  but -e (63%).  Then again, with so many nouns ending in -a being of feminine gender and so many of those ending in -o being of masculine, perhaps the letter -e is something of a logical choice for gender neutrality in noun forms.  In other words, it should have actually seemed more surprising if the majority of these ended in -a or -o since the noun itself applies to both male and female.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT: I learned even later that &lt;em&gt;epicene nouns&lt;/em&gt; are NOT the same as &lt;em&gt;common gender&lt;/em&gt; nouns.  Please see guifa's comment below for clarification.&lt;/strong&gt;  For the record, my study lumped both epicene nouns and common gender nouns together, but I believe only two were true epicenes -- &quot;la víctima&quot; and &quot;el miembro.&quot;  I am not certain whether or not &quot;el bebé&quot; and &quot;la mascota&quot; are also considered epicene nouns.  I am assuming &quot;la persona&quot; is another of these epicene nouns, but I scrubbed it from the list, uncertain of which category it should belong to.  &lt;strong&gt;Does anyone reading this know of a good, comprehensive listing of epicene nouns?&lt;/strong&gt;  I think this would be immensely helpful to a student trying to go from the beginning level to the intermediate or advanced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T18:00:37.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17457" CreationDate="2016-07-19T21:08:58.057" Score="2" ViewCount="794" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero traducir el nombre de este lagarto al español, pero no lo encuentro por ninguna página. Desafortunadamente, tampoco la página de Wikipedia para este lagarto esta traducida al español. ¿Hay alguien que lo conozca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De antemano ¡muchísimas gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Giqg.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Giqg.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;New Mexico Whiptail Lizard, fuente: http://www.reptilesofaz.org/Lizards-Subpages/h-a-neomexicana.html&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="13136" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T06:06:39.907" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T06:06:39.907" Title="¿Cómo se traduce &quot;New Mexico Whiptail Lizard&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17456" CreationDate="2016-07-19T21:57:03.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cnemidophorus neomexicanus&lt;/strong&gt; , o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnemidophorus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lagarto de cola látigo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es un género de lagartos que pertenecen a la familia Teiidae, conocidos con el nombre común de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lagartos de cola látigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o el de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;huicos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en Sonora y Sinaloa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notables por ser una de las pocas especies sin machos, es decir que se reproducen por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RzqI2nl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;partenogénesis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastEditorUserId="12030" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T23:04:14.443" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T23:04:14.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17459" CreationDate="2016-07-19T23:12:39.660" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does this translate to English? And, what verb form is 'mirándome'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Wiktionary.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compound of the adverbial present participle of mirar, mirando and the pronoun me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whaaaaat! Hahaa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking that this is something that has no direct translation to English, which is why I'm having difficulty wrapping my head around this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, the context is the song &lt;em&gt;Eres para mí&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sombra que pasa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La luz que me abraza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tus ojos mirándome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La calle que canta su canto de diario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mundo moviéndose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:37:58.790" Title="Translation of &quot;tus ojos mirándome&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17458" CreationDate="2016-07-19T23:34:04.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have yourself your own answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It translates as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your eyes looking at me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That form is called &lt;em&gt;gerundio&lt;/em&gt; (present participle); the &lt;em&gt;gerundio&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;mirar&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;mirando&lt;/em&gt;. It is possible (and necessary) to put two words together to form one. So it is wrong to say &lt;em&gt;mirando me&lt;/em&gt;, instead you have to say &lt;em&gt;mirándome&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; (accent mark) is there because the accent is in the second syllable, so when you put the two words together the accent is still there, but now you have an &lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt; word. But maybe that's a point for another question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, you don't use a preposition with the verb &lt;em&gt;mirando&lt;/em&gt; when it's reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That applies to all the conjugation of that form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirándome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirándote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirándose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirándonos, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira la luna. &lt;em&gt;Look at the moon&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;he/she looks at the moon&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case the verb is not reflexive. But you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirándome a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case you put emphasis that she/he is/was looking at you, and to no one else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:37:58.790" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17461" CreationDate="2016-07-20T04:33:14.623" Score="2" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm finding several different translations on this. It would be great if a native Spanish speaker can settle this for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translations I've found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Temes sentir más de la cuenta&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let me feel a few too many times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're reluctant to feel one too many.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;let me feel more obligated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="10965" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T04:40:13.140" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:49:29.457" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Temes sentir más de la cuenta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2016-07-20T04:42:21.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;más de la cuenta&lt;/em&gt; means that it's more than should've been given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relate &lt;em&gt;cuenta&lt;/em&gt; (noun) to &lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt; (verb).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's a common idiom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traje más regalos de la cuenta.&lt;/em&gt; (= I brought more presents than I expected to bring.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tomé más de la cuenta.&lt;/em&gt; (= I drank and I exceeded the alcohol intake.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se pasó de la cuenta.&lt;/em&gt; (= He/She made something bad that was out of the bounds.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te va a pasar la cuenta si sigues fumando.&lt;/em&gt; (= you're going to die.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le pasó la cuenta cargar tantos sacos.&lt;/em&gt; (= the person got injured.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T15:49:29.457" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:49:29.457" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17464" CreationDate="2016-07-20T12:47:40.580" Score="7" ViewCount="7211" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que queremos utilizar la expresión &lt;em&gt;Tanto X como Y&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustan &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; el chocolate &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; los garbanzos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que me refiero a ambas cosas por igual. Vale, esto me suena bien y funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos ahora que esta &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; y esta &lt;em&gt;Y&lt;/em&gt; son algo más complejas e incluyen la preposición &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo, si quiero indicar que me gusta ir en coche ya sea conduciendo o de copiloto, podría decir...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta ir en coche &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; como conductor &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; como copiloto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te quiero &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; como amigo &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; como amante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;... como como amante&lt;/em&gt;, el primer &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; tiene función de conjunción en la expresión &lt;em&gt;tanto X como Y&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que el segundo hace la función de preposición que introduce la &quot;finalidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho en voz alta yo hago una pausa tras el primer &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;, pero por escrito se ve fatal. Así que ahí es donde surge la duda: ¿es correcto usar dos &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;s consecutivos, pero de distinto tipo gramatical en este caso y tener &lt;em&gt;como como copiloto&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T14:05:38.463" LastActivityDate="2020-01-27T11:07:06.383" Title="¿Es correcto usar dos &quot;comos&quot; y decir &quot;tanto como X como como Y&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17462" CreationDate="2016-07-20T13:39:57.913" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es correcto, y tampoco tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta ir en coche/carro/auto tanto como conductor como copiloto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es perfectamente correcta y cumple la misma función que lo que intentas hacer. La comparación ya la estás haciendo así que no es necesario (ni correcto) agregar otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: La diferenciación de coche/carro/auto es con fines de diferencias regionales, ya que en distintos países se dice de distinta forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T13:39:57.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17462" CreationDate="2016-07-20T13:58:18.390" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=s3kpSlOhuD6v706948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Es perfectamente válido&lt;/a&gt;, tal y como puede leerse en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; del Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;. Palabra átona que, como tal, debe escribirse sin tilde, a diferencia del adverbio interrogativo o exclamativo cómo (→ cómo).&#xA;  Puede funcionar como adverbio, como conjunción y como preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Conjunción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) En correlación con el adverbio tanto forma una conjunción compuesta&#xA;  discontinua de valor copulativo (...). En este tipo de correlaciones,&#xA;  no sería gramaticalmente incorrecta la expresión conjunta del &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  conjuntivo y del &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; modal, en oraciones del tipo &lt;em&gt;El sustantivo&#xA;  puede funcionar tanto como sujeto como como complemento directo&lt;/em&gt;; no&#xA;  obstante, en esos casos, para evitar la cacofonía, suele preferirse el&#xA;  uso de otras estructuras, como la coordinación copulativa o&#xA;  disyuntiva, o la sustitución del como conjuntivo por &lt;em&gt;cuanto&lt;/em&gt; (→&#xA;  cuanto, 1.3.4 y 1.3.5): &lt;em&gt;El sustantivo puede funcionar como sujeto y&#xA;  como complemento directo&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;El sustantivo puede funcionar como sujeto&#xA;  o como complemento directo&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;El sustantivo puede funcionar tanto como&#xA;  sujeto cuanto como complemento directo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único problema puede ser la cacofonía, pero eso se puede evitar cambiando algunas palabras, que para eso tenemos un idioma rico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta ir en coche, ya sea como conductor, ya sea como copiloto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta ir en coche, tanto de conductor como de copiloto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Me gusta ir en coche, tanto como conductor cuanto como copiloto. &lt;em&gt;(Versión propuesta por el artículo del DPD enlazado.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me recuerda a aquella famosa frase que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo como? Como como como.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien podría argumentar que en esta frase algunos &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; son verbos y otros &lt;em&gt;adverbios&lt;/em&gt;, pero es que en el ejemplo del coche pasa lo mismo: el primer &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; (el que va con &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt;) es una conjunción, y el segundo es una preposición (que significa &quot;en calidad de&quot;). Luego ninguno sobra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWAAKF%7C9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;como&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(12)&lt;/strong&gt; conj. U. con valor copulativo en correlación con tanto. &lt;em&gt;Detuvieron tanto a los culpables como a los sospechosos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(18)&lt;/strong&gt; prep. En calidad de, en concepto de o a modo de. &lt;em&gt;Asistió a la boda como testigo. Usan esta banqueta como mesa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T10:33:03.253" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T10:33:03.253" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17399" CreationDate="2016-07-20T14:48:25.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu caso sí que llevaría acento, ya que es una subordinada interrogativa: se está realizando una pregunta, aunque no directamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para mejorar el uso de la información hay que saber quién la maneja y dónde está&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;¿Quién la maneja? ¿Dónde está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no se puede hacer en modo pregunta, normalmente se escriben sin acento:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;El problema es que no hay con qué/que alimentar a tanta gente.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;¿Qué alimentar a tanta gente? No tiene sentido. Esto es por que no está realizando una pregunta indirecta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T14:48:25.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2016-07-20T14:51:18.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Temes sentir más de la cuenta se traduce literalmente a You're afraid of feeling too much. It is probably used in a relationship context, like You're afraid of getting too attached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T14:51:18.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17334" CreationDate="2016-07-20T14:55:27.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España dirías &quot;un loro&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulanito es como un loro, memoriza sus estudios pero sin entenderlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que los loros solo oyen y repiten sin saber lo que dicen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T15:05:07.310" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:05:07.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17469" CreationDate="2016-07-20T15:52:20.863" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no les dio Lupe el dinero a Uds.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, this sentence means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why didn't Lupe give money to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we need to put &quot;les&quot; in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13227" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T07:28:30.327" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T07:28:30.327" Title="Usage of reflexive pronoun (&quot;les&quot;) in &quot;¿Por qué no les dio Lupe el dinero a Uds.?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2016-07-21T22:42:24.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17468" CreationDate="2016-07-20T22:37:16.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no les dio Lupe el dinero a Uds.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The majority of the native speakers I talk to say it sounds better and clearer with the &quot;&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which, by the way, is an &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/spanish/parts-of-speech/direct-and-indirect-objects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;object pronoun&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and is already indicated by &lt;em&gt;a Ustedes.&lt;/em&gt;  Deleting &quot;&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;&quot; might possibly render the sentence agramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please take note that &quot;&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is &lt;strong&gt;not reflexive&lt;/strong&gt; because it refers to &quot;you (plural)&quot;, and Lupe was the subject of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastEditorUserId="12030" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T21:49:09.287" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T21:49:09.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17471" CreationDate="2016-07-21T04:51:33.350" Score="1" ViewCount="1366" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;llover&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; represent rain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13227" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T09:20:11.127" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T09:20:11.127" Title="What is the difference between &quot;llover&quot; and &quot;lluvia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17470" CreationDate="2016-07-21T05:00:10.330" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Llover&quot; is the verb &quot;to rain&quot;. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llueve mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means &quot;it rains a lot&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;la lluvia&quot; is a noun which means &quot;the rain&quot;. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta la lluvia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means &quot;I do not like the rain&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3116" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T05:00:10.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T07:31:39.390" Score="1" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Estas invitaciones son tuyas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I guess &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;these&quot; and &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;are&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In another sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis libros están aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt; represents &quot;are&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a little bit confused. How can I determine what &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13227" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T14:20:24.593" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T14:20:24.593" Title="Meaning of &quot;estar&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17472" CreationDate="2016-07-21T08:16:46.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Estas&lt;/strong&gt; invitaciones &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; tuyas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Your guess is right: &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt; is the plural demonstrative pronoun and &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; is one of the forms of the verb &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish — The other one is &lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt; (second/third person plural form).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Don't confuse &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estás&lt;/em&gt;, the second one is a &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; form and then the following sentence would be non-sense:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Estás vacaciones son tuyas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; But&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Estás de vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt; (= Are you on holidays?)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis  libros &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Words stressed and ending in &lt;em&gt;n, s&lt;/em&gt; or a &lt;em&gt;vowel&lt;/em&gt; need the graphic accent. Written like,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis libros &lt;strong&gt;estan&lt;/strong&gt; aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;makes it readable but incorrectly spelt.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; forms in Spanish are two: &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.  Study their conjugations so that you don't get confused with the demonstrative pronoun &lt;em&gt;este/esta/estos/estas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;está/esté/estás/estés&lt;/em&gt; are conjugated &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; forms for &lt;em&gt;estar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T15:16:01.340" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T15:16:01.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17488" CreationDate="2016-07-21T08:21:24.657" Score="9" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cni.es/comun/recursos/descargas/OR-ASIP-02-02_03_Orientaciones_para_la_Instruccion_de_Seguridad_del_Personal.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un documento&lt;/a&gt; en el que se habla tanto de &lt;em&gt;países miembro&lt;/em&gt; como de &lt;em&gt;estados miembros&lt;/em&gt;. Ejemplo al respecto de la Agencia Espacial Europea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Este organismo internacional es un consorcio [...] con el fin de impulsar la industria espacial en los &lt;strong&gt;países miembro&lt;/strong&gt;. La ESA clasifica sus propias materias y sus &lt;strong&gt;estados miembros&lt;/strong&gt; cuentan con una ANS para la protección de su información clasificada.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que ninguna de las dos forma me resulta extraña al oírla, al igual que ocurre con &lt;em&gt;palabras clave&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;palabras claves&lt;/em&gt;. Tal vez esta segunda forma esté menos acostumbrado a escucharla. Pero ¿cuál de las dos es la correcta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si busco los términos directamente en Google me salen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Estados miembros&quot;: 6.050.000 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Estados miembro&quot;: 171.000 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;países miembros&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;países miembro&lt;/em&gt; también hay muchos más resultados para la primera opción. Sin embargo, tanto &lt;em&gt;miembro&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;clave&lt;/em&gt; no son adjetivos, sino sustantivos. ¿Es necesaria entonces la concordancia de número?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T13:43:51.867" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T20:57:55.350" Title="¿&quot;Países miembro&quot; o &quot;países miembros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17476" CreationDate="2016-07-21T08:28:22.253" Score="9" ViewCount="590" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we sometimes enclose in parentheses the plural of a word to indicate that the possibility exists that a subject could also be plural.  An example is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;location(s)&lt;/strong&gt; must be announced by noon tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use of this is not advised for academic writing, but for certain situations or professions (e.g., legal), it is necessary.  Does Spanish use this same convention and, if so, how does it handle words that drop the accent when such a parentheses is added?  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Localización(es)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Localizacion(es)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is this simply not a practice used in Spanish?  If it is, please advise me on what the standard convention is for dealing with those words that drop the accent when pluralized.  Also, in English you'll find many a discussion on whether or not to have the verb correspond with the singular or plural.  After doing a bit of research on that topic, it appears that both are acceptable, but some prefer one over the other.  How is it handled in Spanish (if the parenthetical plural even exists)? Does the Real Academia Española have anything to say about it?  For the sake of simplicity and to avoid argument/debate, I chose to avoid it altogether in the example above by using a construct that worked for both -- &lt;em&gt;must be announced&lt;/em&gt; -- but I am curious about what authoritative sources say about the subject as well as what is commonly practiced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T11:19:01.770" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T17:52:52.853" Title="Does Spanish use parenthetical pluralization?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17475" CreationDate="2016-07-21T09:28:24.150" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following the hint dropped by fedorqui, I'll translate what the paragraph 4.2.1.3.b of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UejhArcYoYlPFfkK&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[The slash] is used to express a disjunction syntactically, indicating the existence of two or more possible options from which an opposition or, more frequently, a relation of alternation or optionality is established. [...] The original word must be written with the accentuation that corresponds (with or without graphic accent), regardless of the accentuation of the option referred by the morpheme: &lt;em&gt;examen/es&lt;/em&gt; (although it is &lt;em&gt;exámenes&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your answer is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;localización/es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as the original word (&lt;em&gt;localización&lt;/em&gt;) is written with graphic accent. As for the concordance between words, the whole example should be written like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La/s localización/es será/n anunciada/s mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the same way as we would write &lt;em&gt;queridos/as niños/as&lt;/em&gt; to maintain the concordance even with the options. But I find that there are too many slashes there, so I would change it for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La localización (o localizaciones) será anunciada mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T13:04:15.657" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:04:15.657" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T10:46:45.293" Score="3" ViewCount="627" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Qué quiere Elisa?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Elisa quiere dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't we add &quot;el&quot; before &quot;dinero&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I know, there are 3 cases we are not using definite articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With titles when addressing a person, or with San, Santo/a, Don, and Doña&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With nouns referring to academic subjects&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With ordinal numbers in titles&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13227" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T07:31:04.340" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T20:18:02.480" Title="When NOT to use definite articles with &quot;dinero&quot;" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17472" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:05:00.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the first case you are using a pronoun, &lt;code&gt;estas&lt;/code&gt; is the plural of &lt;code&gt;esta&lt;/code&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; each one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a word you are missing that is &lt;code&gt;ésta&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;éstas&lt;/code&gt;, which is also &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;, but when there is no noun. So for example you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustan estas manzanas. &lt;em&gt;I like these apples&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which has the noun &lt;code&gt;manzanas&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;apples&lt;/em&gt;, but you could also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustan esas manzanas, pero éstas me gustan más. &lt;em&gt;I like those apples but I like these more&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronunciation for those cases is the same, in the first syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; means always to be (in the first case you had &lt;code&gt;estas&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;éstas&lt;/code&gt; which is something different).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conjunction is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy (I'm)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás (you're)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está (this is, it is)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the use of &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; is pretty clear as it means &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you also have &lt;code&gt;son&lt;/code&gt; in your examples, which indeed means &lt;em&gt;(they) are&lt;/em&gt;, but it's a different verb. In this case is the verb &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;, which also means &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for your question to how determine if it's about the verb &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; or the pronoun &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt;, among other similar words (&lt;code&gt;este&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;esté&lt;/code&gt;, etc), the easiest thing is to learn the conjugations of the verb. In most cases you can also determine it from the context. They are never written in the same way, and the pronunciation is also different, so that's what you have to out attention on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:48:41.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17477" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:22:41.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different meanings depending on what you want to put emphasis on. It's the same as in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elisa quiere dinero = Elisa wants money&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elisa quiere el dinero = Elisa wants the money&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that in the first case you are just talking about money, in a generic way. In the second you are talking about a specific money, a &lt;em&gt;definite&lt;/em&gt; money, so that's why you need the definite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a note: In Chile we do use the definite article when referring to a person in colloquial situations, always when talking about a third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy esperando a la Daniela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ando buscando al Jorge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As said before we use this in colloquial situations. I believe I have heard this somewhere else outside Chile but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T14:05:31.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17481" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:41:57.730" Score="3" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;When people ask me the way while I am in Spanish speaking countries I usually reply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy de aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento, pero no soy de aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At home I would have said &amp;quot;Sorry I  am a stranger here too&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Sorry I am not from around here&amp;quot;. My reply had the desired effect, they went and asked someone else but is it the idiomatic way to say it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T02:06:41.117" Title="Is &quot;No soy de aquí&quot; idiomatic for &quot;I am a stranger here too&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17480" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:58:26.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say it as you mentioned it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sorry, I'm not from around here&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is a very formal way to say it. In Spanish this is  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo siento, no soy de estos alrededores&lt;/em&gt;,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this would imply that you are from another city. (But in the same country.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is rarely used. Nowadays I doubt anyone would say it like this, so it's better not to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;sorry, I'm a stranger here too&lt;/em&gt;, it's not bad but this something I wouldn't use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No soy de aquí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is perfectly idiomatic. It's more like saying implicitly &lt;em&gt;I'm from another country.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you'd give yourself away because of the accent. We can automatically tell your accent before you say you're not from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T02:06:41.117" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T02:06:41.117" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17480" CreationDate="2016-07-21T15:03:29.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &lt;code&gt;I'm a stranger here too&lt;/code&gt;, when referring to someone that is most likely to be a foreigner, same as you are in that place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También soy extranjero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you are a foreigner and asked from apparently a local, or when you don't know or you are not sure, just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy extranjero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you are both strangers in a place but not necessary foreigner, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco soy de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in most cases I would say just the way you mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento, pero no soy de aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T15:03:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17475" CreationDate="2016-07-21T15:08:50.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la Real Academia Española, en el diccionario panhispánico de dudas, tenemos la especificación de uso de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=par%C3%A9ntesis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;paréntesis&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;En el item &lt;strong&gt;2. Usos&lt;/strong&gt; inciso &lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; indica que tanto el paréntesis como la barra son correctos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para introducir opciones en un texto. En estos casos se encierra entre paréntesis el elemento que constituye la alternativa, sea este&#xA;  una palabra completa, sea uno de sus segmentos: &lt;em&gt;En el documento se&#xA;  indicará(n) el (los) día(s) en que haya tenido lugar la baja; Se&#xA;  necesita chico(a) para repartir pedidos&lt;/em&gt;. Como se ve en los ejemplos,&#xA;  los paréntesis que añaden segmentos van pegados a la palabra a la que&#xA;  se refieren. En este uso, el paréntesis puede alternar con la barra.(→ )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13235" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T17:52:52.853" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T17:52:52.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17310" CreationDate="2016-07-21T18:40:12.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De donde proviene no sé, supongo que una talla es una medida o algo medible y de ahí a que se use para medir lo que te provoca la expresión, ya sea alegría, sorpresa, etc. Supongo que sea por ahí la cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero lo que sí sé es que en Cuba se usa exactamente para lo mismo.&#xA;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡¡Mira esta talla!! = Mira esto que bueno está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡¡Tremenda talla!! = Pasó algo sorprendente (ya sea bueno o malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;!Qué clase de talla! = (igual que el anterior)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13240" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T06:59:17.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17489" CreationDate="2016-07-21T19:09:06.787" Score="3" ViewCount="1859" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VsRrsFs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rematar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; consists of &lt;em&gt;re + matar&lt;/em&gt;, and most of the definitions concerning it define it as either &quot;finishing off&quot; or completing a sale, how did it come to be used in Football as &lt;em&gt;remate&lt;/em&gt; when a team sets up and takes a shot at the goal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an etymology to explain this usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T10:16:08.767" Title="Why is &quot;remate&quot; used for taking a shot in football?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17474" CreationDate="2016-07-21T19:24:44.160" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;No siempre tiene que haber &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; forma correcta de decir algo. Me refiero a que en este caso considero que las dos formas son correctas. Considero que se pueden usar ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante a lo anterior (mi opinión), seguí la sugerencia de @CarlosAlejo, y como bien dice él y @AlexBcn, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/palabras-clave-o-palabras-claves-copias-pirata-o-copias-piratas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la RAE&lt;/a&gt; se explica esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta situación ocurre en los casos en que una unidad léxica está formada por dos sustantivos, donde el segundo actúa como si fuera un adjetivo para modificar el primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos &lt;strong&gt;normalmente&lt;/strong&gt; el primero es el único que suele llevar la marca de &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;países miembro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay casos en que el segundo sustantivo puede adquirir un funcionamiento plenamente adjetivo y adoptar también la marca de plural, como es característico en esta clase de palabras: &lt;em&gt;países miembros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13240" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T14:37:32.740" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T14:37:32.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-07-21T19:59:33.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Rematar&lt;/code&gt; has several meanings, one of them is shooting at the goal in football. It's even there in the link you posted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. En el fútbol y otros deportes, dar término a una serie de jugadas lanzando el balón hacia la meta contraria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course like in many other examples, there are synonyms for that word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirar, lanzar, patear, chutar &lt;em&gt;(in some countries this is used as &lt;code&gt;chutear&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are perfectly valid synonyms for the same word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can say either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jugador no consiguió &lt;strong&gt;rematar&lt;/strong&gt; a portería durante todo el tiempo que estuvo en la cancha, por lo que no fue sorpresa que lo cambiaran en el segundo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jugador no consiguió &lt;strong&gt;tirar&lt;/strong&gt; a portería durante todo el tiempo que estuvo en la cancha, por lo que no fue sorpresa que lo cambiaran en el segundo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jugador no consiguió &lt;strong&gt;lanzar&lt;/strong&gt; a portería durante todo el tiempo que estuvo en la cancha, por lo que no fue sorpresa que lo cambiaran en el segundo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found an &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_del_f%C3%BAtbol#Edad_Media&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article in the Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; where they talk about the origins of football. In the beginning it was a very violent game, so I believe the terms of &lt;code&gt;shooting&lt;/code&gt; is because of this extremly violent game, where the rivals were seen as sort of enemies. It was kind of a little war I believe, so maybe that's the origin of the usage of those words in football.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T10:16:08.767" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17477" CreationDate="2016-07-22T02:11:09.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: there are also indefinite articles, we can't forget that.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;When something is &lt;em&gt;defined&lt;/em&gt;, it is also, in every sense of the word, &lt;em&gt;definite&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The Moose&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a definite article allows the reader to understand which particular moose you are referring to:  The blue moose, the moose in front of you, the moose from Texas that you almost killed with your car.  The moose is defined.  To say, &lt;code&gt;the moose&lt;/code&gt; means you and the reader know which moose is being spoken of/written about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jonathan was overwhelmed by the moose with boxing gloves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shiela resorted to poking the moose with a stick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We &lt;em&gt;definitely&lt;/em&gt; know which moose overwhelmed Jonathan, just like we definitely know which moose Shiela decided to start poking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A Moose&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using an indefinite article allows the reader to understand that you're just referring to the general object and also that there may or may not be more of them.  &lt;code&gt;A blue moose&lt;/code&gt; doesn't necessarily mean there is only one moose that is blue, just like &lt;code&gt;A dead moose&lt;/code&gt; doesn't mean that all moose are dead, but rather, there is at least one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Halloween, Jason dressed up like a moose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every Christmas, my brother and I receive an egg with a chocolate moose in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before we knew it, a moose entered the room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do not exactly know which moose Jason dressed up as, or which chocolate moose is in the egg, nor do we know which moose entered the room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Though, once it has entered the room, people will refer to it as &lt;code&gt;the moose&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Moose&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there is just the use of the word.  In this case, there is no need to mark the noun as defined or not defined, because it is just an object now.   It's there in the sentence to act as just that, an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We eat moose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taylor leaves tomorrow morning to hunt moose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, it can be an indirect object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tim wears a sporty jacket made from moose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this entire answer and all examples are in English, but the same rules apply to Spanish usage and distinction between a definite and indefinite article.  Anyway, I'll provide a Spanish snippet if it makes everyone happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider: pastel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria come pastel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria come un pastel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria come el pastel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same rules from my English examples above apply here.  The first sentence simply implies that Maria eats cake, and that's all we know.  In the second sentence, Maria eats a cake.  This suggests there is more than or at least one cake being eaten,  The first sentence defines a cake, a particular cake.  The cake on the table; the cake next to the cheese; the cake made with bacon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T20:18:02.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-07-22T08:52:25.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's case of shift in meaning. A series of plays approaching the goal would reach its conclusion (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VsSaDkI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;remate&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) with a shoot to goal. Later, the meaning shifted to any hard hit or shoot that could win in the play. Nowadays it's used with that meaning in almost every ball sport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T08:52:25.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17494" CreationDate="2016-07-22T10:18:22.873" Score="4" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the song &lt;em&gt;Eres para mí&lt;/em&gt; by Julieta Venegas, I'm finding conflicting lyrics on the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For one line in the song, I'm finding two versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El viento me lo dijo con un soplo &lt;strong&gt;suavecito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El viento me lo dijo con un soplo &lt;strong&gt;suavecillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From reading the lips of the artist that sings this lyric (in the music video), it appears she's saying &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not finding anywhere on the web translations for either &lt;em&gt;suavecito&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T21:17:34.800" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T21:17:34.800" Title="&quot;suavecillo&quot; or &quot;suavecito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17493" CreationDate="2016-07-22T10:29:11.317" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is indeed quite complicated to distinguish whether Julieta Venegas says &lt;em&gt;suavecito&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;. I listened to the verse few times and I still cannot tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the diminutive for &lt;em&gt;suave&lt;/em&gt; cannot be &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strike&gt;. Instead, use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;suavecito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You cannot find this in the normal dictionary, since diminutives and superlatives normally are not listed there (its size would increase dramatically!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luckily, for this specific case we have &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/563498688891600896&quot;&gt;RAE saying this in Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;#RAEconsultas Como diminutivo de «suave» existen «suavecito» y «suavito». El superlativo es «suavísimo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T10:31:31.657" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T10:31:31.657" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17310" CreationDate="2016-07-22T11:02:47.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aventuro este proceso de propagación de significados, que no encuentro descabellado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra que nos ocupa es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=YzzJBPM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que proviene, según el DLE, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Z0NDGtY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tallar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Si observamos las acepciones 11 y 13 de este verbo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. coloq. Intervenir en una conversación, y, por ext., en cualquier asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. coloq. Destacar, dibujarse. U. t. c. tr. y c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y las cruzamos, nos queda un híbrido: &quot;interrumpir una conversación de forma destacada&quot;. Es lo que ocurre cuando alguien caza al vuelo una frase y aprovecha una mínima pausa para terminarla, en un alarde de improvisación, de una manera inesperada: original, tajante, incisiva, elegante, profunda, subversiva... en resumen, brillante. Cuando eso ocurre, aunque la frase no sea humorística, los presentes no tienen más remedio que, al menos, sonreír (si no se ríen francamente). No es un significado nuevo, sino dos acepciones del verbo utilizadas de forma simultánea.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; es el acto de &lt;em&gt;tallar&lt;/em&gt;, que &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; llegue desde ahí a &quot;una frase espontánea que provoca risa&quot; no hay ni siquiera un paso (tal vez medio). No es raro que acabe asociándose ese tipo de intervenciones al humor principalmente. Y una vez que &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; es algo gracioso, este significado genera con naturalidad otros por contagio, como puede verse en el enlace de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cubanos.guru/la-talla-cubana-y-sus-usos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;la talla cubana&quot;&lt;/a&gt; que nos daba Emilio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez hecha esa reflexión, cae por su propio peso el significado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Z0sC9U2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tallero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que aparece en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Chile. Que bromea aguda y oportunamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser &lt;em&gt;tallero&lt;/em&gt; sería, más que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=XViwgtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar sembrado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, serlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué el verbo &lt;em&gt;tallar&lt;/em&gt; y sus derivaciones se asocian con el ingenio? La etimología de este verbo nos dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. taleāre 'cortar', 'rajar'...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tallar es algo que se hace con herramientas afiladas y no es la única relación que existe (en español y en otros idiomas, como pasa con &lt;em&gt;sharp&lt;/em&gt; en inglés) entre lo afilado y la inteligencia y el ingenio. Si repasáis este mismo texto, veréis que he utilizado las palabras &lt;em&gt;incisiva&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tajante&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aguda&lt;/em&gt; de la forma más natural. Y es que el &lt;em&gt;tallero&lt;/em&gt; &quot;corta un pelo en el aire&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T11:24:50.957" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T11:24:50.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17498" CreationDate="2016-07-22T11:12:46.473" Score="1" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17495/1674&quot;&gt;reviewing a post&lt;/a&gt; when I noticed that it contained some (to me) garbled codes due to copy pasting from a web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I decided to get the raw text to get rid of such codes, and so I did. However, then I kept asking to myself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a good translation in Spanish of &lt;em&gt;raw format&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &quot;formato crudo&quot; sound that bad? What about &quot;formato puro&quot; as this is one of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=raw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;possible translations of &lt;em&gt;raw&lt;/em&gt; that WordReference suggests&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T20:06:36.270" Title="How to translate &quot;raw format&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17477" CreationDate="2016-07-22T11:40:29.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really don't know where did you get those three cases you mention in your question from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first one is true, OK, but you don't need the title; you don't use an article with a person's name, regardless of whether it includes some title or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second is false (e.g.: &lt;em&gt;Me gusta la Historia&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Las matemáticas son difíciles&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The third one is addressed at English speakers, I guess, because in English you would say &lt;em&gt;Richard the Third&lt;/em&gt;, while in Spanish it is &lt;em&gt;Ricardo Tercero&lt;/em&gt;. But adjectives usually have no article in front of them, so this is no exception.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in your example, &lt;em&gt;dinero&lt;/em&gt; is the direct object. In this case, a noun has no article when it is used in a generic way. When you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elisa quiere dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mean that she wants some money, but you are not specifying how much or if you are talking about some specific money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elisa quiere el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, she would be wanting some specific money that is known about. For instance, money she is due for some reason. She does not just want some money: she specifically wants that amount she is due. Hence the definite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not very different from English; the main different is that in Spanish this is true for nouns working as direct object, but not as subject, while in English this would work in both positions. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deberías comer manzanas --&amp;gt; You should eat apples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las manzanas son buenas para la salud --&amp;gt; Apples are good for your health&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T11:40:29.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17496" CreationDate="2016-07-22T12:02:19.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raw&lt;/em&gt; can be translated to &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=en+bruto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;en bruto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Sin pulir o labrar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the same as unprocessed (&quot;sin elaborar&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;ESPAÑOL&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raw&lt;/em&gt; puede traducirse también por &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=en+bruto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;en bruto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Sin pulir o labrar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería equivalente a &quot;sin elaborar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T23:36:00.397" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T20:06:36.270" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17496" CreationDate="2016-07-22T12:24:55.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente con tantas elecciones en España se han realizado muchas encuestas y barómetros, siendo los del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cis.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CIS&lt;/a&gt; (Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas) de los más mencionados. Muchas noticias hacían referencia a que el CIS realiza un procesamiento de los datos antes de publicar los resultados, y se puso de moda el concepto de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;datos cocinados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, en contraposición a los &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;datos en crudo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que son los que se obtienen tal cual de las encuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que hablar de &quot;formato crudo&quot; o &quot;datos crudos&quot; no me termina de sonar bien del todo, pero sí que me suena mejor hablar de &quot;datos en crudo&quot; o &quot;en bruto&quot;. Como curiosidad, esto es lo que dice Ngram al respecto, ya de paso llevándome la contraria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yAfFp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yAfFp.png&quot; alt=&quot;datos brutos&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, y ya aparte, si lo que copiaste fue código HTML, lo que tú querías era el &quot;texto &lt;em&gt;renderizado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; tras interpretar el código, que podría dar para otra pregunta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T13:19:56.463" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T13:19:56.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17493" CreationDate="2016-07-22T12:41:47.277" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contrary to what fedorqui states in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17494/1674&quot;&gt;his answer&lt;/a&gt;, you can rarely talk in binary terms (correct/incorrect) when addressing language use or, specially, dictionaries. Dictionaries' task is to exclusively establish which uses are the most common in any given language and describing them, not prescribing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, the use of the diminutive suffix &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;)/&lt;em&gt;-illa&lt;/em&gt; is actually widespread in Meridional Spanish as well as in other transitional dialects. The suffix &lt;em&gt;-ico&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;-ica&lt;/em&gt; is also used in other regions of the country such as Jaén and Murcia. In addition to that, &lt;em&gt;-ino&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;-ina&lt;/em&gt; is widespread in Asturias, &lt;em&gt;-uco&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;-uca&lt;/em&gt; in Cantabria, etc. We have a pretty diverse language dialect-wise. We sometimes even use diminutives of diminutives: &lt;em&gt;chiquitito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;poquinina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol/Morfolog%C3%ADa/Los_diminutivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A source from Wikibooks (&quot;Otros sufijos diminutivos&quot;)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T13:10:11.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17496" CreationDate="2016-07-22T12:54:25.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede traducir como &quot;crudo&quot;, &quot;sin hacer&quot;, &quot;sin elaborar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;This meat is raw&quot; -&gt; &quot;Esta comida está cruda&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11349" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T12:54:25.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17496" CreationDate="2016-07-22T13:04:31.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que es dependiente del contexto. En el que nos ocupa, esos códigos son llamados con &lt;strong&gt;código fuente&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_Code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source code&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formato crudo&lt;/strong&gt; es la expresión que he visto con cierta regularidad para referirse a &quot;Raw Format&quot;, en contextos como la forma de almacenamiento de una imagen digital. Pero es más habitual, por mucho, decir &quot;formato raw&quot;, aunque sea incluso técnicamente incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considero que surge algún tipo de incompatibilidad entre &quot;format&quot; y &quot;raw&quot; a pesar de su extendido uso conjunto en inglés. Dado que &quot;raw&quot;, como bien mencionaron en otras respuestas (en bruto, sin elaborar, sin procesar) no puede por definición estar formateado (que implica cierta organización o disposición ordenada/sistematizada de algo). Especulo que eso podría ser el origen de la dificultad para la traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Formato puro&quot; no es una expresión que me suene familiar ni correcta para ese fin. En todo caso sí sería correcto decir &quot;... formato $X$ puro.&quot;, entendiendo a &quot;puro&quot; como &quot;estricto&quot;, en el sentido que se apega a todas las reglas del formato $X$. Donde $X$ sería el nombre que recibe algún conjunto de reglas de sintaxis .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12974" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T13:12:52.740" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T13:12:52.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17493" CreationDate="2016-07-22T15:44:35.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The confusion arises because we never hear the end of the word, as it overlaps with the next line, that starts with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y yo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we hear something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;suaveci-- Y yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many Spanish speaking regions including Mexico, &lt;em&gt;Y yo&lt;/em&gt; sounds exactly as &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt;. That's why one could hear this as &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt;. See this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3/how-to-pronounce-the-consonants-y-and-ll&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; and this &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/pj2ntDiXJCk?t=126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;release version&lt;/a&gt; (2:06) of the song, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana_Tijoux&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anita Tijoux&lt;/a&gt; sings the &lt;em&gt;El viento...&lt;/em&gt; line, and Julieta Venegas the following one. But when singing live you can hear Venegas recreating this overlapping effect by herself. Like &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/84jgq3zofPE?t=140&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (2:20), &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/YJ_hcpwbT9A?t=140&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (2:20), and &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/R_nSkhWwvdU?t=153&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (2:33).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If she could finish pronouncing the word she would certainly say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;suavecito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as she does in &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/7_g3XisJWaw?t=41&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;her song with that exact title&lt;/a&gt; (0:41) :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the other answers explained, &lt;em&gt;suavecito&lt;/em&gt; is the standard &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diminutive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diminutive&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;em&gt;suave&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;soft&lt;/em&gt;). It can be understood as even softer than just &lt;em&gt;soft&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Hithere's answer said, the diminutive can also be form with &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt; in some regions, which together with the overlapping effect may have led some people to think &lt;em&gt;suavecillo&lt;/em&gt; was what's said in the song.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T17:36:28.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-22T17:57:17.920" Score="4" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;A screw is a &lt;em&gt;tornillo&lt;/em&gt;, and the tool used to put one into something is a &lt;em&gt;destornillador&lt;/em&gt;.  This has always confused me, because &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt; is a negating prefix.  This means that the tool is referred to is an &quot;un-screwer&quot; or &quot;screw remover&quot; in Spanish, which logically can't be its primary use because you can't unscrew more screws than have been screwed in in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it called that, rather than &lt;em&gt;tornillador&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="455" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T18:45:54.197" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T01:14:47.490" Title="Why is a screwdriver a &quot;destornillador&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17493" CreationDate="2016-07-22T18:03:08.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The songs says: Suavecito. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Suavecillo&quot; its a regular expression used on the north of the country (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The finish on words &quot;illo&quot; its so normal. &quot;Plebillo&quot; (Plebito), &quot;Perrillo&quot; (Perrito), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13253" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T18:03:08.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17504" CreationDate="2016-07-22T18:23:05.240" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;des&lt;/code&gt; is not necessarily negative but an action that could be done or undone. See the definition of &lt;code&gt;destornillador&lt;/code&gt; by the &lt;em&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Instrumento de hierro u otra materia, que sirve para destornillar y atornillar.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DUVd5lp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DUVd5lp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other name for the tool is &lt;code&gt;atornillador&lt;/code&gt; where we have something like a positive action. See the &lt;em&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ITCeKd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ITCeKd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13252" LastEditorUserId="13252" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T01:14:47.490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T01:14:47.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17493" CreationDate="2016-07-22T18:56:25.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suavecillo is more vernacular, but almost not used in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Julieta would certainly say &quot;suavecito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suavecillo would be more Venezuelan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13254" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T18:56:25.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17511" CreationDate="2016-07-23T01:18:07.577" Score="2" ViewCount="330" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Tom Sawyer&quot; there's a case where &quot;clay&quot; is first translated as &quot;arcilla&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The boys began to quiet down to whispers, now, for the stillness and gloom of the place oppressed their spirits. They went on, and presently entered and followed Tom's other corridor until they reached the &quot;jumping-off place.&quot; The candles revealed the fact that it was not really a precipice, but only a steep &lt;strong&gt;clay&lt;/strong&gt; hill twenty or thirty feet high. Tom whispered:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguieron hablando en voz muy baja, porque el silencio y la lobreguez de aquel lugar sobrecogía sus espíritus. Marcharon adelante y entraron después por la otra galería, explorada por Tom, hasta que llegaron al borde cortado a pico. Con las velas pudieron ver que no era realmente un despeñadero, sino un declive de &lt;strong&gt;arcilla&lt;/strong&gt; de siete o diez metros de altura. Tom mur-muró:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and then as &quot;barro&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tom,&quot; said he, &quot;auntie has been waiting for you all the afternoon. Mary got your Sunday clothes ready, and everybody's been fretting about you. Say -- ain't this grease and &lt;strong&gt;clay&lt;/strong&gt;, on your clothes?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Tom —dijo—, la tía te ha estado aguardando toda la tarde. Mary te había ya sacado el traje de los domingos, y todo el mundo estaba rabiando contra ti. Dime, ¿no es sebo y &lt;strong&gt;barro&lt;/strong&gt; es-to que tienes en la ropa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the inconsistency?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T18:13:30.990" Title="Why does the translator use &quot;arcilla&quot; in one instance and &quot;barro&quot; in another for &quot;clay&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17509" CreationDate="2016-07-23T02:04:59.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though the words &quot;barro&quot; and &quot;arcilla&quot; do not mean the same on their most strict way, they both can be used in an informal way of speaking to mean a kind of wet dirt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume the translator didn't pay much attention to those little details. However, the message is still transmitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13191" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-07-23T02:55:40.347" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T02:55:40.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17509" CreationDate="2016-07-23T09:41:15.223" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;clay&lt;/strong&gt; /kleɪ/ n&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a very fine-grained material that consists of hydrated aluminium silicate, quartz, and organic fragments and occurs as sedimentary rocks, soils, and other deposits. It becomes plastic when moist but hardens on heating and is used in the manufacture of bricks, cement, ceramics, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;earth or mud in general&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Collins Concise English Dictionary&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, it's a technical description of the material. &lt;code&gt;Arcilla&lt;/code&gt;, a word not common except when talking about pottery, rivers and clay hills, is adequate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case, the translator had to decide: Is Aunt Polly referring specifically to the material used in pottery, or is she using the word &lt;code&gt;clay&lt;/code&gt; to refer to mud or earth in general? I think, and I think the translator also thought, that the latter is more likely (why would Aunt Polly be so specific?) and chose to translate it as &lt;code&gt;barro&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T18:13:30.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17513" CreationDate="2016-07-23T18:52:51.253" Score="5" ViewCount="816" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm now learning this wonderful song be Celia Cruz named &lt;em&gt;La Negra Tiene Tumba'o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read the following about adding 'ao' to the ending of Spanish words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'ao' at the end of some of the words is simply a shortened form of&#xA;'ado,' the ending of a past participle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;encontrao = encontrado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;apretao = apretado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For others, it is used as a rhyming mechanism, but happens to also be&#xA;how many people pronounce the words and the spelling follows suit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lao = lado (side - de lao = 'sideways')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;melao = melado (honey color - could also mean honey and a form of&#xA;speaking or language)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a Native speaker that can co-sign on the above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, being that the late and great Celia Cruz was Cuban, is this something that is common only by Cuban Spanish speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T19:34:07.770" Title="What is the usage of adding 'ao' to the ending of words?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17512" CreationDate="2016-07-23T19:11:15.330" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;-ado&lt;/em&gt; as /áo/ or even /áu/ is very common throughout Cuba and the entire Spanish-speaking world. It happens to a lesser extent with other vowel-D-vowel combinations, mostly word-finally but occasionally elsewhere, too like in &lt;em&gt;cantaor(a)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;aonde&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sound that the D makes in Spanish in between vowels is very weak, and in some dialects you'd be hard-pressed to find someone who pronounces the D outside of very careful speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment, you'll hear D enough, though, that no one is going to do a spelling change, but there is clear precedence for it happening. The &lt;em&gt;vos(otros)&lt;/em&gt; form for &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; verbs used to be &lt;em&gt;-ades&lt;/em&gt; (still seen in some poetry when it fits the rhyme better), but it quickly became closer to &lt;em&gt;ayes&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;ayis&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;áïs&lt;/em&gt; and then &lt;em&gt;áis&lt;/em&gt; (thence &lt;em&gt;ái&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ás&lt;/em&gt; for modern voseo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-07-23T19:34:07.770" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T19:34:07.770" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17515" CreationDate="2016-07-23T21:26:02.973" Score="1" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the song &lt;em&gt;La negra tiene tumba'o&lt;/em&gt; by Celia Cruz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella baila de lado &lt;strong&gt;también&lt;/strong&gt; apretado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Methinks the above contains idioms for which only a native speaker can express the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not trusting that any translations that I find on the web are by native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what is the meaning of this corrected lyric (Celia Cruz was Cuban).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T10:21:12.283" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T10:21:12.283" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Ella baila de lado también apretado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17514" CreationDate="2016-07-23T21:50:12.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musicofpuertorico.com/lyrics/la_negra_tiene_tumbao.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;See the lyrics&lt;/a&gt;, your understanding is not correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa negrita tiene su tumba'o&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y cuando la gente la va mirando&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ella baila de la'o&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  También apreta'o, apreta'o, apreta'o.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La negra tiene tumba'o (azuca', azuca')&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y no camina de la'o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella baila de la'o&lt;/em&gt; es como decir que ella se mueve bien al caminar. &lt;em&gt;Tiene tumba'o&lt;/em&gt; es como decir que tiene un aire o gracia especial al bailar. Usualmente &lt;em&gt;la'o&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;apreta'o&lt;/em&gt; se usan para &quot;lado&quot; y &quot;apretado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13252" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T09:59:52.160" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:59:52.160" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17518" CreationDate="2016-07-23T21:52:56.263" Score="4" ViewCount="1829" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was translating something from English into Spanish and hesitated a moment as I contemplated how best to do it.  The phrase was &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lists of Taiwanese counties and cities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hesitated because I wasn't sure if I could write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listas de condados y ciudades taiwaneses&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using the masculine plural form for &quot;taiwanés&quot; to cover both nouns, somewhat similar to the practice of assigning masculine gender to a group of people even if only one male is in that group.  I was about to just try to get on with it and simply write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listas de condados y ciudades de Taiwán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is what I consider a form of &quot;writing around it,&quot; but then I thought better of it knowing that taking the easy way out is not a good way to increase one's knowledge of a foreign language (or anything else for that matter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did try to search for an answer for this using a number of different methods, but nothing I tried definitively answered this for me.  At one point I was hopeful that the thread&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4375/adjectives-that-modify-more-than-one-noun&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjectives that modify more than one noun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;might answer the question.  Though the title was promising, the discussion that followed from that question didn't really answer this one here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance if you know the answer to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T13:10:26.497" Title="How does one use a single adjective to describe two or more nouns of different genders?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17516" CreationDate="2016-07-24T00:17:50.517" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your answer can be found in section 3.2 on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=concordancia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;. Below is a translation of the original text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.2. &lt;em&gt;One adjective postposed to several nouns.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; When one adjective qualifies two or more coordinated nouns and is postposed to them, it is advisable to inflect it in plural and masculine if the two adjectives are of different gender: &lt;em&gt;«Tiene el pelo y la barba enmarañados»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (Matos Noche [Cuba 2002]); &lt;em&gt;«Apareció [...] vestida con traje y mantilla blancos»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (Hernández Secreter [Esp. 1995]). If the adjective agreed only with the second noun, there could arise some ambiguity because it would be possible to interpret that the adjective only applies to the nearest noun: &lt;em&gt;vestida con traje y mantilla blanca&lt;/em&gt; (where both the suit and the mantille white or just the latter?). However, when both nouns are considered to form a unit of which each is only a part, the adjective can agree with the nearest one: &lt;em&gt;«La gente de origen y habla francesa predomina en la provincia de Quebec»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (Tiempo [Col.] 1.7.98).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, &lt;em&gt;taiwaneses&lt;/em&gt; is the right choice. If you are concerned about the cacophony of an adjective following a noun with which it doesn't agree, you can always change the order of the nouns so the masculine goes at the end, as proposed in the comments. That isn't necessary, though -- to me, &lt;em&gt;taiwaneses&lt;/em&gt; sounds just fine in your sentence!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, the rules change if the adjective is preposed to the nouns; in that case, the adjective must agree in gender and number with the first noun (&lt;em&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;indispensable&lt;/strong&gt; vigilancia y control nocturnos&lt;/em&gt;), except when qualifying people (&lt;em&gt;los &lt;strong&gt;simpáticos&lt;/strong&gt; Paco y Toni&lt;/em&gt;). When the conjunction used is &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, the rules are similar to the ones mentioned for &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada vez que mueren un hombre o una mujer viejos [...],toda una biblioteca muere con ellos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the conjunction &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; is used to establish an equivalence, however, the adjective is inflected in singular and agrees in gender with the first noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El aerógrafo o pistola usado debe ser adecuado al compresor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: His hair and beard are tangled.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2: She showed up dressed in a white suit and mantille.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3: People of French origin and language are predominant in the province of Quebec.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4: Every time an elderly man or woman dies, a whole library dies with them.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;5: The airbrush or spray gun used must be adequate to the compressor.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T13:10:26.497" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T13:10:26.497" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17543" CreationDate="2016-07-24T13:06:28.997" Score="4" ViewCount="18638" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis amigos colombianos usan mucho el adjetivo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tenaz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uuuuy, el viaje estuvo &lt;em&gt;tenaz&lt;/em&gt;: apenas llegamos, nos robaron las maletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este chico es un estudiante &lt;em&gt;tenaz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo entiendo como &quot;complicado&quot;, &quot;difícil&quot; (primer ejemplo) pero también como &quot;bueno&quot;, &quot;habilidoso&quot; (segundo ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguna de esas acepciones las recoge la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZS8ViZp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tenaz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. tenax, -ācis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que se pega, ase o prende a una cosa, y es dificultoso de separar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Que opone mucha resistencia a romperse o deformarse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Firme, porfiado y pertinaz en un propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que un poco de búsqueda me llevó a definiciones como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-difícil; en particular, difícil de soportar. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jergasdehablahispana.org/?pais=Colombia&amp;amp;palabra=tenaz&amp;amp;tipobusqueda=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jergas de habla hispana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Significa como una persona, animal u objeto que es muy hagil [sic] en algo, o muy bueno en algo, si es en un Objeto se podria decir en algun tipo de nivel de un Juego (...). &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110822191005AAhVF9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yahoo respuestas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, ¿podría algún colombiano darnos información al respecto? Mi querido &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt; no contiene información al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:58:31.860" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:31.860" Title="En Colombia, ¿qué quiere decir &quot;tenaz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-25T01:12:57.620" Score="1" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;When answering a question, context is everything, and though I was excited when I saw that someone had already asked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3044/how-to-translate-overview-and-outline&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to translate Overview and Outline?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as well as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5612/what-is-a-good-translation-for-the-overview-other-than-s%c3%adntesis&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a good translation for the “overview” other than “síntesis”?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the questions seemed geared toward an academic paper and I just wasn't really satisfied with the answers that were given.  Let me give you some background so you can understand why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been spending some time translating the occasional Wikipedia page I find if it is a topic of interest and I happen to notice it has not been translated into Spanish.  Recently, I came upon an article with a section titled &quot;Overview.&quot;  It is not unusual to find a section titled as such on English Wikipedia pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While attempting to translate this word, I discovered that &quot;overview&quot; can be translated with a number of different words, but I narrowed my selection down to the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;visión general&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;resumen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sinopsis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reseña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and ultimately selected &quot;reseña,&quot; but I didn't feel really confident about that choice.  So, I decided to find English Wikipedia articles with the word &quot;overview&quot; that had been translated into Spanish.  I searched through at least 10 articles randomly selected from among 100 that met that criteria, but none had a direct translation for &quot;overview.&quot;  Some dissected the section by naming a section with &quot;Historia&quot; or by adding a section for the definition of the subject topic, but I have yet to find one that translates &quot;overview&quot; with any of the typical and numerous translations I see listed for it.  For a Wikipedia article, which of the four words I listed above is the best translation for &quot;overview&quot; or is there a better word altogether?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T01:12:57.620" Title="Does the word &quot;overview&quot; just not translate easily into Spanish and how is it translated outside of an academic paper?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-25T06:40:08.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17522" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:01:51.327" Score="6" ViewCount="16858" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia entro en la página de &lt;a href=&quot;https://parenting.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Parenting&lt;/a&gt; y allí he cogido algo de vocabulario inglés sobre niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí, la &quot;clasificación&quot; por edades está definida como (fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://parenting.stackexchange.com/tags&quot;&gt;la lista de etiquetas&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;em&gt;newborn&lt;/em&gt;: (0-3 meses), &lt;em&gt;infant&lt;/em&gt; (3 meses - un año),  &lt;em&gt;toddler&lt;/em&gt; (1-3 años), &lt;em&gt;pre-schooler&lt;/em&gt; (3-5 años), &lt;em&gt;primary-schooler&lt;/em&gt; (5-8 años), &lt;em&gt;middle-childhood&lt;/em&gt; (8-11 años), &lt;em&gt;pre-teen&lt;/em&gt; (11-13 años), &lt;em&gt;teen&lt;/em&gt; (13-19 años).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como no fui capaz de encontrar datos en la reconocida &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aap.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sociedad Americana de Pediatría&lt;/a&gt;, miré en el CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) y en su sección de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Child Development&lt;/a&gt; mencionan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;infants&lt;/em&gt; (0-1 año)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;toddlers&lt;/em&gt; (1-2 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;toddlers&lt;/em&gt; (2-3 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;preschoolers&lt;/em&gt; (3-5 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;middle childhood&lt;/em&gt; (6-8 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;middle childhood&lt;/em&gt; (9-11 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;young teens&lt;/em&gt; (12-14 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;teenagers&lt;/em&gt; (15-17 años)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que no coincide totalmente, la idea es bastante parecida a la del sitio Parenting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto no tiene mayor complicación a la hora de traducir al castellano lo que va a partir de los tres años: preescolares, niñez, adolescencia. Ahora bien, para &lt;em&gt;infants&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;toddlers&lt;/em&gt; tengo serios problemas para encontrar traducciones adecuadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo decir &lt;em&gt;toddler&lt;/em&gt; en castellano? ¿Es acaso un &lt;em&gt;bebé mayor&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=toddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sugiere WordReference&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de &lt;em&gt;bebé mayor&lt;/em&gt; yo nunca lo he oído y de momento solo conozco el término bebé y luego ya niño, ambos bastante genéricos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:16.120" LastActivityDate="2019-09-06T14:24:07.110" Title="¿&quot;Toddler&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:25:45.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como padre de un niño, yo simplemente he usado las palabras &lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;niño&lt;/em&gt;. La primera aproximadamente hasta que cumplió los dos años, y la siguiente de ahí en adelante. En todo caso, eso ya depende de cada uno, los bebés se desarrollan cada uno a su ritmo, y llega un momento en el que, simplemente, ya no &quot;pega&quot; llamarle bebé. Lo de &lt;em&gt;toddler&lt;/em&gt; es para distinguir entre un bebé que ya da sus primeros pasos, que suele ser a partir de los 12 meses de edad (en algunos antes, en otros después), de los que aún no caminan solos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora ya como interesado por la lengua, en la Wikipedia tienes una interesante clasificación en la página sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediatr%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pediatría&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cronológicamente, la pediatría abarca desde el nacimiento hasta la adolescencia. Dentro de ella se distinguen varios periodos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Recién nacido (0-6 días).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Neonato (7-29 días).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lactante menor (1-12 meses).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lactante mayor (1-2 años).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Preescolar (2-5 años).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Escolar (5-10 años).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pre-adolescente (10-12 años).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Adolescente (12-18 años).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la distinción que buscas sería entre &lt;strong&gt;lactante menor&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;lactante mayor&lt;/strong&gt;. La bibliografía del artículo parece ser la &lt;em&gt;Historia de la pediatría española&lt;/em&gt;, de Luis S. Granjel, publicado en 1965.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la traducción de &lt;em&gt;toddler&lt;/em&gt;, el traductor de Google me ha propuesto una traducción de &lt;em&gt;toddle&lt;/em&gt; que me ha gustado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3oAKZN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pinito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cada uno de los primeros pasos que da el niño o el convaleciente. U. m. en pl. &lt;em&gt;Está haciendo pinitos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Primeros pasos que se dan en algún arte o ciencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T07:24:16.757" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T07:24:16.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17561" CreationDate="2016-07-25T09:08:25.447" Score="4" ViewCount="12747" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el idioma alemán existen varias grafías, véase ä, ö, ü y ß, que pueden ser complicadas de escribir en algunos teclados. Sin embargo, ningún alemán se rasga las vestiduras si ve cualquiera de estos caracteres sustituido por sus versiones ASCII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ä &gt;&gt; ae&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ö &gt;&gt; oe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ü &gt;&gt; ue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ß &gt;&gt; ss&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De este modo, cualquiera con un teclado que no sea alemán puede escribir en alemán y te entenderán perfectamente y sin ningún problema, siempre (por supuesto) que no sean documentos oficiales. Estas formas están incluso estandarizadas, aunque sea simplemente de facto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no creo que exista una versión &quot;oficial&quot; para sustituir la ñ &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12879/12637&quot;&gt;cuando es difícil escribirla&lt;/a&gt;. He visto todo tipo de formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La inglesa: n.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La catalana: ny.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La portuguesa: nh.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La francesa: gn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La histórica: nn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, todos vamos a entender lo que se ha escrito de esta forma, al menos en la mayoría de los casos (&lt;em&gt;¡cono, un cono!&lt;/em&gt;). Pero ¿se ha llegado alguna vez, en algún momento, a establecer una grafía alternativa de la ñ como oficial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2021-04-24T12:10:42.797" Title="¿Hay alguna alternativa oficial para escribir la ñ en teclados extranjeros?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="14" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17608" CreationDate="2016-07-25T16:47:20.410" Score="3" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es la parte en negrita una oración completiva (&lt;em&gt;exigió que...&lt;/em&gt;) o relativa y se refiere a la palabra &lt;em&gt;habitación&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El joven preguntó si había habitaciones libres, exigió la mejor, &lt;strong&gt;que&#xA;  dispusiera de agua caliente y periódicos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tiendo a pensar que es una frase relativa, pero no estoy segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T08:28:42.040" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T10:34:28.310" Title="Determinar si una frase es oración completiva o relativa" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17525" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-25T17:15:24.947" Score="0" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cual es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;hacerlo dormir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hacer dormirlo&lt;/em&gt;? O similares, no encuentro una diferencia aparente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13265" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T20:40:11.920" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T01:08:21.973" Title="Sobre la posición de un pronombre en un verbo compuesto: &quot;hacerlo dormir&quot; o &quot;hacer dormirlo&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17526" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17527" CreationDate="2016-07-25T17:22:18.090" Score="0" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, punctuation is soooo important, especially to new language learners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I encounter so many song lyrics that inconsistently include punctuation. Therefore, I'm always unsure if the absence of an accent mark is intentional or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the bolded text in the following verse from the song &lt;em&gt;Eres para mí&lt;/em&gt; by Juleta Venegas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Temes sentir más de la cuenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El corazón es un músculo si no late revienta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraño, mirarte de lejos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De hacernos los tontos parecemos tan viejos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempo, que dices tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mírame en la piel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No ves acaso lo que siento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú eres para mí yo soy para ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El viento me lo dijo con un soplo suavecillo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not confident that the Internet has provided the proper lyrics. That is, should it be &quot;Tiempo, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; dices tiempo,&quot; or should it be &quot;Tiempo, qu&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt; dices tiempo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One little accent mark can change the entire meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; dices tiempo = &lt;em&gt;Time, you say time&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo, qu&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt; dices tiempo = &lt;em&gt;Time, what about time&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyone that is familiar enough with this song to know what is the proper translation of this one line within the context of the song?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T18:27:19.857" Title="que dices tiempo vs qué dices tiempo: How will the accent mark change the meaning?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17526" CreationDate="2016-07-25T17:52:36.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The transcription you found is incorrect. The actual lyrics are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiempo? ¿Quieres más tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mírame la piel, ¿no ves acaso lo que siento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres para mí, yo soy para ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can listen to that part &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/pj2ntDiXJCk?t=119&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (1:59). It can be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time? You are asking for more time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at my skin, can't you see how I feel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are for me, I am for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She is trying to say to her love interest that he shouldn't ask for more time to admit their feelings, they are obviously made for each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T18:27:19.857" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17529" CreationDate="2016-07-25T19:19:22.240" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the song &lt;em&gt;Eres para mí&lt;/em&gt; by Julieta Venegas, what is the meaning of the following (bold text):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sigue mi cadencia pierdo la paciencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú eres para mí no te das cuenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not finding on the web any translations that are acceptable. In fact, I think all translations that I find are pulled from Google Translate!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, should there be a comma that separates 'Sigue mi cadencia' from 'pierdo la paciencia'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, learning this song (among others) has greatly improved my pronunciation. And learning Spanish by way of music makes it so much easier to remember vocabulary (individual words AND phrases). Everyone here at StackExchange is helping me acquire the proper meanings. Thanks so much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T22:02:27.007" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T22:02:27.007" Title="'Sigue mi cadencia pierdo la paciencia...' What is the meaning of this?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17528" CreationDate="2016-07-25T19:45:39.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there should be a comma to separate those two sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cadencia&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;em&gt;cadence&lt;/em&gt;, it's a synonym of &lt;em&gt;rhythm&lt;/em&gt;, just like in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest I believe is quite straight forward:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigue mi cadencia, pierdo la paciencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Follow my cadence (rhythm), I lose the patience&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T19:45:39.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17540" CreationDate="2016-07-25T20:42:37.363" Score="6" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the Latin we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_flagrante_delicto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in flagrante delicto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;caught in the act&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...in English, but we use the term in a legal sense as is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, we have &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I2Ypxbe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en flagrante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. En el mismo momento de estarse cometiendo un delito, sin que el autor haya podido huir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I often notice the local newspapers, such as &lt;em&gt;La Prensa Libre&lt;/em&gt;, use &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IMShyOq%7CIMU5Elt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en fragante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for the same purpose. I checked in DRAE, and definition 2 gives them as being used interchangeably. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. en flagrante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did this happen, as the usual definition of &lt;em&gt;fragante&lt;/em&gt; has to do with scent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T10:38:28.853" Title="How did &quot;en fragante&quot; happen?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17525" CreationDate="2016-07-25T22:28:45.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr&lt;/strong&gt; Solo la opción &lt;em&gt;hacerlo dormir&lt;/em&gt; es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La restricción de la colocación del pronombre clítico con verbos de influencia aparentemente no se trata en la sección &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pronombres personales átonos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;. En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/a&gt; se trata el tema para el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; a partir de la sección &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OMFYrgQgzTNRVLzj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;16.13j&lt;/a&gt; y hasta la 16.13l. En la sección 16.13k encontramos (énfasis añadido):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;16.13k&lt;/strong&gt; Se ha observado en los estudios sobre los pronombres átonos que se aplica a varios verbos, casi siempre de percepción, causación o juicio, una restricción de animacidad que no parece ser efectiva con los verbos de otros grupos. &lt;strong&gt;Esos verbos admiten la anteposición de pronombres átonos de acusativo cuando se refieren a cosas, pero la rechazan cuando designan personas.&lt;/strong&gt; Los pares siguientes muestran estas alternancias. El primer infinitivo de cada uno de ellos tiene como complemento un pronombre que designa &lt;strong&gt;una cosa&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;comprarla, leerlo, escribirlo&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que el segundo infinitivo tiene un complemento de &lt;strong&gt;persona&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;saludarla, visitarlo, contratarlo&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me permitieron (comprarla – saludarla); Le hizo (leerlo – respetarlo); Le obligaron a (escribirlo – contratarlo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pronombres átonos de los primeros infinitivos pueden anteponerse, pero los de los segundos rechazan la anteposición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me la permitieron (comprar – *saludar); Se lo hizo (leer – *respetar); Se lo obligaron a (escribir – *contratar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como se deduce de estos contrastes, si &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;contratarlo&lt;/em&gt; designara un seguro (es decir, una entidad no personal), la anteposición resultaría natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo hacemos dormir&lt;/strong&gt; por lo menos 8 horas al día&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, en contraste con &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacemos dormirlo&lt;/strong&gt; por lo menos 8 horas al día&lt;/em&gt;, no hace falta contexto para saber que &lt;em&gt;Lo hacemos dormir&lt;/em&gt; es la única opción correcta, pues solo las cosas animadas pueden dormir. Con el verbo principal en infinitivo, a la hora de decidir a cuál de ellos debe añadirse el pronombre clítico, cabe citar el siguiente fragmento de la sección 16.13l:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son complementos directos del verbo subordinado, sino del principal, los pronombres átonos que aparecen en oraciones como &lt;em&gt;Lo vi arder&lt;/em&gt; y otras que contienen infinitivos intransitivos (&lt;em&gt;Las hizo desaparecer&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Los vi salir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;lo vi arder&lt;/em&gt; complementa a &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, no a &lt;em&gt;arder&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que suena más natural añadirlo a este y decir &lt;em&gt;Voy a verlo arder&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;Voy a ver arderlo&lt;/em&gt;. Lo mismo se puede decir de los demás ejemplos de la Nueva gramática y del compuesto &lt;em&gt;hacer dormir&lt;/em&gt;. Si a ello se le suma que el sujeto de &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt; solo puede ser un ente animado, se obtiene que solo &lt;em&gt;hacerlo dormir&lt;/em&gt; es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Esta frase solo suena natural en dialectos no leístas. Entre los dialectos leístas se prefiere la oración &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; hacemos dormir por lo menos 8 horas al día&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T01:08:21.973" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17533" CreationDate="2016-07-26T02:16:08.700" Score="0" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;The song &lt;em&gt;Agua&lt;/em&gt;, by Jarabe De Palo, begins with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo quieres ser mi amiga?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAdAOm5YaJI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YouTube video of the song&lt;/a&gt; says that this translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How come you want to be my friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;How come&quot; is synonymous with &quot;Why&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This lyric is the first time I've encountered &quot;cómo&quot; used to express &quot;why&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for you native Spanish speakers out there, is the following true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo quieres ser ...?  =  ¿Por qué quieres ser ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes, is the use of 'cómo' to express &quot;why&quot; something that is frequent in the world of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T06:53:56.980" Title="&quot;Cómo quieres ser...&quot; vs. &quot;Por qué quieres ser&quot;: Can both mean, &quot;How come you want to be?&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-07-26T03:16:04.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, obviously cómo is not the same as por qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's not idiomatic for you to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How you want to be my friend? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question can be rephrased as &lt;em&gt;¿de qué manera quieres ser mi amiga?&lt;/em&gt;, but this fails to be an idiomatic expression. It's more like a forced sentence of what we'd say &lt;em&gt;¿cómo quieres ser mi amiga?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is perhaps how you interpret it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In what manner do you want to be my friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T03:16:04.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17535" CreationDate="2016-07-26T05:46:25.367" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un mensaje hay entre líneas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best translation I could find is &quot;a message between the lines&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I saw in the YouTube comments section where someone (perhaps from a native speaker) had besmirched this translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T09:37:36.243" Title="What is the meaning of 'Un mensaje hay entre líneas'?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17534" CreationDate="2016-07-26T06:16:51.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión (o metáfora) que más se suele usar es la de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;leer entre líneas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;reading between the lines&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de leer entre líneas es la de leer cuidadosamente o con más énfasis una parte del párrafo que puede contener información oculta o solapada, es decir, vuelve a leer este párrafo que hay más información de la que aparentemente hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro significado es que sepas interpretar un mensaje que te sea dado de forma indirecta, para que otros receptores no sepan el verdadero significado que la propia frase conlleva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11349" LastEditorUserId="11349" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T09:37:36.243" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T09:37:36.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-07-26T06:53:56.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence is idiomatic and does not mean just &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt;. It expresses surprise or annoyance. The YouTube translation is not correct for this case, but could be in another context. It may translate as &lt;em&gt;how can you want to be my friend&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;how could you want to be my friend&lt;/em&gt;. In some cases, it can also be &lt;em&gt;how you dare...&lt;/em&gt;, but this is not the case in this song.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te presentas en mi casa de esta forma? --&amp;gt; How you dare turning up at my home this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo has pintado el coche de amarillo? --&amp;gt; How come you painted your car in yellow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo quieres que no esté enfadado? --&amp;gt; How could you want me not to be angry? or even How can you expect me not to be angry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this song:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Còmo quieres ser mi amiga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si por ti darìa la vida,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can you expect to be (just) my friend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I would give my life for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T06:53:56.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17538" CreationDate="2016-07-26T09:30:48.963" Score="3" ViewCount="12400" Body="&lt;p&gt;La conjunción copulativa &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; se sustituye por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; ante palabras que empiezan por el sonido &lt;em&gt;/i/&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres único e irrepetible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas indica &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=9n8R9ghyFD6fcqFIBx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunas excepciones&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Cuando al sonido &lt;em&gt;/i/&lt;/em&gt; le sigue una vocal con la que forma&#xA;  diptongo: &lt;em&gt;La mesa es de madera y hierro&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;de madera e&#xA;  hierro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Cuando la conjunción se hace tónica y adquiere un valor adverbial&#xA;  en oraciones interrogativas: &lt;em&gt;¿Y Inés?&lt;/em&gt; [= &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde está Inés?&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3019/1674&quot;&gt;leímos en este mismo sitio&lt;/a&gt; que cuando la conjunción precede una coma, también se mantiene la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; pues su objetivo final de evitar cacofonías se mantiene:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quise hacerlo de tal modo e, inevitablemente, fallé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hay dudas que aún me quedan sin resolver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el criterio cuando la conjunción precede a un extranjerismo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(En un barco) A lo lejos se ven unas olas. E (¿Y?) icebergs también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el criterio con palabras extranjeras?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;toddler&quot; en castellano? ¿E (¿Y?) &quot;infant&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es criterio con palabras extranjeras que no empiezan por i pero cuyo sonido sí lo es?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las compañías aéreas que vuelan a mi ciudad son Iberia y (¿e?) Easyjet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T12:01:25.150" Title="¿Cuándo se sustituye la conjunción &quot;y&quot; por &quot;e&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17537" CreationDate="2016-07-26T09:55:46.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que dice la Ortografía en su edición de 2010 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=gGBtCrliHKzyWUDJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;página 77&lt;/a&gt;) es lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] este fenómeno se produce por razones fónicas, no gráficas, de forma que lo determinante no es la grafía, sino el sonido que sigue a la conjunción. Por tanto, la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; copulativa se transformará en &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; ante toda palabra que comience oralmente por /i/, aunque, por tratarse de un extranjerismo, no se escriba con &lt;em&gt;i-&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hi-&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Iberia e Easyjet&lt;/em&gt;, pues la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;easy&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia con /i/ inicial. Paralelamente, debe mantenerse la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; copulativa si la palabra que sigue no comienza oralmente con /i/, aunque gráficamente se escriba con &lt;em&gt;i-&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hi-&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;el encuentro entre Franco y Hitler&lt;/em&gt;, ya que en el nombre alemán &lt;em&gt;Hitler&lt;/em&gt; la &lt;em&gt;h-&lt;/em&gt; no es muda, sino aspirada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de aquí, podemos establecer lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se trata de un extranjerismo incluido en el DRAE, como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;iceberg&lt;/em&gt;, es buena idea consultar cómo se pronuncia la palabra. Así, el DPD &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=iceberg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dice&lt;/a&gt; que la pronunciación es [izebérg] en España. Por tanto, como la palabra comienza oralmente por /i/, la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; copulativa se transforma en &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, también dice que en el español de América está consolidada la pronunciación [áisberg]. En este caso no se debería cambiar la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;. Se da entonces la circunstancia de que según el público objetivo del texto, el escritor puede decidir usar &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se trata de una palabra extranjera, se aplica lo mismo: dependerá de cómo se pronuncie la palabra. Como verás, la ortografía pone precisamente el ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;Iberia e Easyjet&lt;/em&gt;. En el caso de &lt;em&gt;infant&lt;/em&gt;, comprobamos en el traductor de Google que se pronuncia /ˈinfənt/, es decir, con sonido /i/ inicial, luego hay que cambiar la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;. Esto mismo valdría para el caso de marcas comerciales, en las que el dueño de la marca decide cómo se pronuncia: &lt;em&gt;Android y iPhone&lt;/em&gt;, ya que esta última se pronuncia [áifon].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como última opción, ¿qué pasa cuando se trata de un extranjerismo cuya pronunciación se desconoce? En este caso, te puedo poner como ejemplo un caso que se me dio hace muchos años, cuando hacía traducciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OBSM3PH%7COBSjmj4%7COBTib4V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mangas&lt;/a&gt;. En uno de ellos había dos personajes llamados Madoka y Hikaru. En japonés no existe un alfabeto, sino silabarios, y lo que vemos escrito en alfabeto es una &lt;em&gt;romanización&lt;/em&gt; (transcripción a letras romanas) de la palabra. En estas transcripciones, las grafías &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; se deben aspirar, y por eso escribo &lt;em&gt;Madoka y Hikaru&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, vi escrito en muchos sitios &lt;em&gt;Madoka e Hikaru&lt;/em&gt;, porque el que lo escribió entendía que la h- del segundo nombre era muda. Resumiendo: si no se conoce la pronunciación de la segunda palabra, imagino que es cuestión de jugársela si no tienes a mano a alguien que te asesore. El caso es que la regla está clara: es una cuestión de conocer el sonido que va detrás de la conjunción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T12:01:25.150" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T12:01:25.150" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-07-26T10:31:33.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is going to be very hard to find a single word in Spanish which captures exactly the feel of toddler. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a verb &lt;em&gt;to toddle&lt;/em&gt; which can be applied to anyone and which means to walk. It is however both informal and old-fashioned. The key feature of a toddler therefore must be that s/he walks. &#xA;There is a particular way they walk which I think, although I am not an expert, is because their hip joints are not yet fully developed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb sounds similar to &lt;em&gt;waddle&lt;/em&gt; (to walk like a duck) or &lt;em&gt;totter&lt;/em&gt; (to be in a state of uncertain equilibrium). Most of the translations given in the links proposed in comments and in @Carlos answer encode some of the literal meaning but not the full flavour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T16:37:50.640" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T16:37:50.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17530" CreationDate="2016-07-26T10:38:28.853" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En fragante&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;in fraganti&lt;/em&gt; is, as evidenced in many sources, a distorted form of the Latin expression &lt;em&gt;in flagranti&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LYnESFR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;in fraganti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;infraganti.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;in flagranti [crimĭne]&lt;/em&gt; 'en flagrante [delito]'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;fraganti&lt;/em&gt; came about through a process of metathesis by which the /r/ moved to the place where the /l/ used to be, and the latter was dropped. There is a possibility the Latin word &lt;em&gt;fragante&lt;/em&gt; also promoted such a change, as proposed by Fernando Díez Losada in the journal column &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=RxGv6tMX2QcC&amp;amp;pg=PA300&amp;amp;lpg=PA300&amp;amp;dq=fragante+flagrante&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=DU_pMFtOCg&amp;amp;sig=z9Ljw6Osm1cTOrVoZn14UsDppO4&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ei=3llYUb7ZOMTJPZe9gNgI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=fragante%20flagrante&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La tribuna del idioma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión latina auténtica es &lt;strong&gt;in flagranti&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;in flagranti crimine/delicto&lt;/em&gt;), que en el siglo XVII se castellanizó en la forma &lt;strong&gt;en flagrante&lt;/strong&gt; (con frecuencia acompañada del sustantivo &lt;strong&gt;delito&lt;/strong&gt;). Posteriormente se dio un fenómeno que podríamos considerar de asimilación consonántica: &lt;strong&gt;flagrante&lt;/strong&gt; se convirtió, en labios del pueblo, en &lt;strong&gt;fragante&lt;/strong&gt; (tal vez, incluso, por influencia del adjetivo &lt;strong&gt;fragante&lt;/strong&gt;: oloroso, aromático). Con ello se consideraron correctas y se alternaron las dos expresiones: &lt;strong&gt;en flagrante&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;en fragante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The distorted form certainly isn't new, dating back to at least 1505:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El marido que matare por su propia autoridad al adultero &amp;amp; ala adultera avn que los tome &lt;strong&gt;infraganti&lt;/strong&gt; delito y sea justamente fecha la muerte no gane la dote ni los bienes del que matare (...).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Anónimo (1505). &lt;em&gt;Leyes de Toro. Real Chancillería Valladolid. Pergaminos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cluster /fl/ was kept in other forms derived from the same root such as &lt;em&gt;inflamar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;flamígero&lt;/em&gt;, but it also evolved to a /ʎ/ and eventually a /ʝ/ in most dialects, giving us the cognate doublets &lt;em&gt;flama&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;llama&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;flamear&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;llamear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your question, to what extent the Latin word &lt;em&gt;fragante&lt;/em&gt; affected the evolution of &lt;em&gt;flagrante&lt;/em&gt; isn't easy to tell, but it is a plausible explanation. After all, two words don't have to be semantically related to influence each other; if that were the case, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malapropism&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;malapropisms&lt;/a&gt; wouldn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T10:38:28.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-26T11:26:46.920" Score="1" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage_roll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sausage roll&lt;/em&gt; es un piscolabis o tentempié para llevar, muy popular en la Commonwealth. Consta de una envoltura de hojaldre con un relleno de &lt;em&gt;sausage meat&lt;/em&gt; (¿carne picada?) que se hornea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c82gO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c82gO.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reconozco que no soy muy aficionado a este tipo de comidas pero no creo que sea muy popular aquí en España, si existe, este producto. Menos sé si habrá alguna traducción que se entendiera en todo el mundo hispanohablante. ¿Cómo le llamaríais? ¿Hay algún equivalente exacto y conocido en vuestro país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T06:55:16.697" Title="¿Qué sería &quot;sausage roll&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17541" CreationDate="2016-07-26T12:49:39.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you follow some of the links from that Wikipedia page you eventually find one which does have a corresponding Spanish page &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigs_in_blankets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pigs in blankets&lt;/a&gt; from which I deduce that most translations involve &lt;em&gt;salchichas&lt;/em&gt;, as @fedorqui suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that pigs in blankets are only similar to sausage rolls in the US, in Britain pigs in blankets are different from sausage rolls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T06:55:16.697" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T06:55:16.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17519" CreationDate="2016-07-26T14:36:35.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No había respondido antes, porque esta respuesta podría volverse un asunto muy largo, pero voy a tratar de resumir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;tenaz&amp;quot;en Colombia ha adoptado significados parecidos a la palabra &amp;quot;berraco&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semana.com/opinion/articulo/verraco-berraco/10346-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;si, con &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;. Leer este artículo para más ilustración&lt;/a&gt;) que tiene el sentido de &lt;strong&gt;el mejor, el as, el superior, el furioso, lo increíble, lo fascinante, fuerte, valiente o cualquier otra cosa que uno quiera decir.&lt;/strong&gt; No en todos los casos aplica teniendo &amp;quot;berraco&amp;quot; un sentido más amplio y significados que tenaz no tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque siendo &amp;quot;berraco&amp;quot; ampliamente utilizada en toda Colombia es casi 'propiedad' de los habitantes de los departamentos de Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda y Quindío (o Paisas entre los cuales me cuento) por lo que en muchas otras regiones es reemplazada por &amp;quot;tenaz&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Principalmente en Bogotá &amp;quot;tenaz&amp;quot; tiene sentido casi siempre de &lt;strong&gt;difícil&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fregado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sobado&lt;/em&gt;. (Estas dos últimas palabras NO tienen tal significado en la RAE pero sí en Bogotá y sus alrededores)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de su uso y su traducción al español podrían ser los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uy, qué frío tan tenaz/berraco = Está haciendo mucho frío, ¿cierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... es un estudiante tenaz / ... es un berraco pa' estudiar  = ... es un estudiante sobresaliente/excepcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué trabajo tan tenaz/berraco = Este trabajo está muy difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película Avengers estuvo tenaz = La película Los Vengadores estuvo buenísima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mariana Pajón/Rigoneitor es tenaz = Mariana Pajon/Rigoberto Urán es una/un ciclista increible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se me ocurren más ejemplos los iré adicionando, pero creo que con estos hay suficiente ilustración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T15:22:24.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-26T16:44:13.753" Score="2" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sFemY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sFemY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;....le recuerde....**que** velaré por...&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola a todos, me cuesta mucho entender los usos de &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la foto, la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no hará falta que le recuerde, doctor Cartre - dijo Jared a Sam - que velaré por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me dijo que si se elimina el &quot;que&quot; antes de &quot;velaré por&quot; y se reformula como &lt;em&gt;-No hará falta que le recuerde, doctor Carter - dijo Jaré a Sam - Velaré por que...&lt;/em&gt;, los significados son el mismo, pero pierde algún sentido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no entiendo. &#xA;Si lo traduzco al inglés, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will not be necessary that I remind you (that) I will make sure.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;that&quot; puede ser obviado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es por qué el &quot;que&quot; es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T17:57:44.477" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T16:33:43.140" Title="¿Por qué se necesita &quot;que&quot; en &quot;no hará falta que le recuerde *que* velaré por...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17544" CreationDate="2016-07-26T17:11:41.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &quot;que&quot; no es obligatorio cuando es el encabezado de una trata de una Proposición Incluida Sustantiva (P.I.S, también llamada Proposición Subordinada Sustantiva), mientras que en las Proposiciones Incluidas Adjetivas (P.I.A) y en las Proposiciones Incluidas Adverbiales (P.I.Adv) lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te recomiendo darle un vistazo a este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.ar/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjMw_6bzpHOAhVEDJAKHUAlAGMQFggiMAE&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fpostgradofadecs.uncoma.edu.ar%2Fimages%2FProposiciones_incluidas.doc&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNH5Q7MVEBI2HRyoQ5Wq2Oyt5E8WJw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; (es el link para la descarga de un archivo .doc de una Universidad Nacional de Argentina)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sirva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: En este &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Conjunci%C3%B3n%20que%20-%20omisi%C3%B3n.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; se detalla exactamente con qué verbos se puede o no hacer omisión de la conjunción &quot;que&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12255" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T16:33:43.140" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T16:33:43.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17544" CreationDate="2016-07-26T17:51:54.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; sirve, entre otras cosas, para introducir complementos directos, sustituibles por &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«¡Yo no quiero [&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; te vayas]!» ~ «¡Yo no quiero [eso]!» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos verbos admiten que la conjunción se omita, sobre todo en contextos formales. Estos son, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;, apartado 2.1.2, los verbos de ruego, temor o, en menor medida, opinión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Le rogué • me permitiera acompañarla hasta la entrada»&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «Ya me temo • no termine nunca [esta guerra]»&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «El comunicado [...] eriza el cabello y supongo • habrá espantado al ministro Belloch»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es incorrecto eliminar la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; con estos verbos, el DPD recomienda mantenerla. En los ejemplos anteriores, se debería colocar donde están los puntos (•).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, la conjunción no es omisible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T17:51:54.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2016-07-26T19:58:13.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que depende de si es hablando o escribiendo. Escribiendo &quot;e e-mail&quot; no tendría sentido para alguien que no sepa pronunciarlo. Y hablando, &quot;y e-mail&quot; también queda un poco raro, por lo que yo escribiría &quot;y e-mail&quot; y diría &quot;e e-mail&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13275" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T19:58:13.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17549" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T07:17:00.503" Score="2" ViewCount="2704" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt; es de esas palabras que usamos cotidianamente, sin pararnos a reparar en ella. Pero cuando lo hacemos, podemos darnos cuenta de que está formada como un diminutivo (acabada en &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;). El caso es que fui a consultarlo en el DRAE, y efectivamente veo lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5rTR6tT%7C5rVKGkX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bonito, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día, aplicamos el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; a las cosas según su calidad, fiabilidad, utilidad, etc. Cuando algo es bueno es que cumple con lo que se espera que haga. Sin embargo, aplicamos el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt; por motivos estéticos: cuando algo tiene cierta proporción y belleza. Es decir, se pasó de un sentido de utilidad a un sentido de belleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible conocer cómo, a pesar de una palabra provenir de la otra, llegó a adquirir &lt;em&gt;bonito&lt;/em&gt; su significado actual? ¿Se puede determinar históricamente esta deriva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T07:26:04.033" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T10:27:51.100" Title="¿Cómo adquirió la palabra &quot;bonito&quot; su significado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3477" CreationDate="2016-07-27T08:02:27.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es importantísimo informarse antes de pronunciarse. Aquí os dejo una aclaración, lo que explica que los andaluces y canarios influyeran en la población americana.&#xA;Respecto a la leyenda del rey,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;esa es, en efecto, una explicación que  se oye a menudo en los Estados&#xA;  Unidos de América. Se trata de una  leyenda etimológica traída &#xA;  demasiado por los pelos y que carece  totalmente de fundamento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quienes creen que los castellanos  distinguen la &quot;z&quot; y la &quot;s&quot; a  causa&#xA;  de este presunto mandado real,  cometen un doble error:  el primero&#xA;  que para cumplirlo tendrían  que haber convertido en &quot;z&quot; no sólo &#xA;  palabras como &quot;caza&quot; o &quot;liza&quot;, sino  también otras que como &quot;casa&quot; o&#xA;  &quot;lisa&quot;  deberían haber perdido ese  sonido &quot;s&quot;. El segundo error es no&#xA;  darse  cuenta de que, en materia de pronunciación,  los pueblos, que&#xA;  son muy suyos, no  suelen acatar fácilmente las órdenes que  les&#xA;  vienen de arriba, aunque no sean tan  absurdas como la presente: en&#xA;  Francia se  impuso en tiempos de la Revolución la  pronunciación &quot;muá&#xA;  le roi&quot; para lo que  escribimos así: &quot;moi le roi&quot;, que ni todo  el&#xA;  poder de la Restauración pudo  reconvertir –como se dice  ahora- a la&#xA;  antigua pronunciación: ç &quot;moé le roé&quot;; con excepción,  claro está, de&#xA;  El Canadá francófono,  donde no había prendido  esa innovación&#xA;  revolucionaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Edad Media se distinguían dos  tipos de &quot;eses&quot; fricativas,  una&#xA;  sonora y otra sorda (que se  escribían con &quot;s&quot; y &quot;ss&quot;: &quot;rosa&quot; &#xA;  –pronunciada como el el catalán  &quot;casa&quot; o el francés &quot;maison&quot;-  y&#xA;  &quot;viniesse&quot;), y dos de &quot;eses&quot; africadas,  también sonora y sorda  (que&#xA;  se escribían respectivamente con  &quot;z&quot; y &quot;ç&quot;: &quot;pozo&quot; y &quot;braço&quot;  y se&#xA;  pronunciaban [podso] y [bratso]).  Estos cuatro sonidos se &#xA;  convirtieron a finales de la Edad Media  en dos, en gran parte  del&#xA;  norte de la Península Ibérica  (la &quot;s&quot; y la &quot;z&quot;), mientras  que en&#xA;  gran parte de Andalucía se  transformaron en un solo sonido  (una &quot;s&quot;&#xA;  que no era exactamente igual  que la castellana).  Fueron dos caminos&#xA;  diferentes los que  siguieron con respecto  a estos sonidos en el&#xA;  norte peninsular  y en Andalucía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creemos necesario dilatarse en  más explicaciones con  respecto a&#xA;  algo que, por lo demás,  ha sido cuidadosamente  estudiado por los&#xA;  lingüistas, desde  Rufino José Cuervo.  Quien esté interesado en&#xA;  profundizar  en este asunto, puede  empezar a saciar su curiosidad&#xA;  acudiendo  a libros como los  de J. A. Frago (&quot;Historia de las hablas &#xA;  andaluzas&quot;, Madrid:  Arco/libros, 1993) y J. L. Rivarola,  &quot;La&#xA;  formación lingüística de Hispanoamérica&quot;,  Lima, 1990, p. 28).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=123#459&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El origen de la pronunciación de la z (Moderadora del Foro del hispanista)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13281" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T17:57:30.823" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T17:57:30.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17552" CreationDate="2016-07-27T08:48:48.477" Score="6" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que estamos hablando del periódico &lt;em&gt;The Times&lt;/em&gt; o de la banda de música The Rolling Stones.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Como sabemos, &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; es un artículo en inglés, por lo que a efectos prácticos estamos doblando el artículo al usar uno en castellano y otro en lengua extranjera. Tendemos pues a recortar uno y decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Me gusta leer el &lt;em&gt;The Times&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&#xA;Me gusta leer el &lt;em&gt;Times&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Me gusta escuchar a los &lt;em&gt;The Rolling Stones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&#xA;Me gusta escuchar a los &lt;em&gt;Rolling Stones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero supongamos que hablamos del periódico de los Países Bajos &lt;em&gt;Het Parool&lt;/em&gt;. En neerlandés, &lt;em&gt;het&lt;/em&gt; es un artículo, pero no tenemos por qué saberlo. Entonces, no sonaría demasiado mal decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta leer el &lt;em&gt;Het Parool&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ya que hacer lo mismo que con los Rolling sonaría muy raro, pues &lt;em&gt;Parool&lt;/em&gt; a secas no resulta completo como nombre del periódico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta leer el &lt;em&gt;Parool&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más complicado sería cuando el artículo pertenece a lenguas no tan conocidas en nuestro ámbito, como el árabe: ¿qué hacemos si un nombre empieza por &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;Al Qaeda&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-10-12T11:59:23.470" LastActivityDate="2020-10-12T11:59:23.470" Title="¿Se debe escribir artículo delante de una palabra extranjera que ya lo contiene en su lengua?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17551" CreationDate="2016-07-27T09:53:57.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen reglas de conversión de palabras extranjeras al castellano pero no de combinar dos idiomas. La razón la has escrito en tu post ; cada idioma tiene variaciones y habría que hacer reglas para cada idioma. No tiene sentido alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has asumido que sería &quot;Los Rolling Stones&quot; porque sus componentes son hombres, mientras que otra persona podría traducir &quot;Las Rolling Stones&quot; porque stone es piedra y piedra es femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T09:53:57.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17549" CreationDate="2016-07-27T10:27:51.100" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser una transición bastante común. Copio del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Etimológico&lt;/em&gt; de Corominas (derivados de &lt;code&gt;bueno&lt;/code&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bonito&lt;/em&gt; [1517], el significado ’lindo’ presenta un proceso semántico paralelo al del lat[ín] &lt;em&gt;bellus&lt;/em&gt; ’lindo’, originariamente diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;bonus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etymonline &lt;a href=&quot;http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=bene-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;confirma&lt;/a&gt; lo de &lt;em&gt;bellus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, el mismo adjetivo &lt;code&gt;lindo&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] significó primitivamente ’legítimo’, de donde más tarde ’auténtico’, ’puro’, ’bueno’, y la ac[epción] moderna [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Corominas y Pascual, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Crítico Etimológico Castellano e Hispano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T10:27:51.100" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2016-07-27T14:56:06.363" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/e-mail-tras-conjuncion-y-5634/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dice al respecto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[…] debe usarse la forma «e» de la conjunción copulativa «y», pues se supone que casi todos los hispanohablantes leen eso como «imeil».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es coherente con lo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/cambio-de-la-y-copulativa-en-e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;establecido&lt;/a&gt; en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de las Academias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la palabra que sigue a la conjunción no es española y comienza por el sonido vocálico /i/, sigue vigente la regla, aunque por tratarse de una voz extranjera el sonido /i/ inicial no se escriba como &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Escriba su teléfono &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;e-mail&lt;/em&gt; (la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;e-mail&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia [i] en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, el principio más importante tras la norma que regula las formas &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;fonético&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, depende del sonido de las palabras más que de su grafía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en cualquier caso es mejor evitar el anglicismo innecesario y decir &lt;em&gt;correo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T23:51:43.573" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T23:51:43.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17556" CreationDate="2016-07-27T15:24:22.267" Score="4" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;A church I'm working with has an event called a &quot;hymn sing.&quot; (A leader takes requests and the group sings random hymns from a specified hymnal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to translate &quot;hymn sing&quot; to Spanish, but can't find a translation that suits me -- &quot;himno cantar&quot; was one suggestion, &quot;reunión de cantar himnos&quot; was another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm hoping that this community can help. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13286" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T21:11:11.980" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T21:11:11.980" Title="How to translate &quot;hymn sing&quot; to Spanish referring to a church event?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;música&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17555" CreationDate="2016-07-27T16:12:26.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hymn&lt;/em&gt; is easy and unambiguous. On the other hand, &quot;sing&quot; has many meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the meaning you want is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;the abstract act and effect of singing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, therefore you should use the Spanish word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;canto&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Maybe &lt;strong&gt;&quot;canto de himnos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T16:14:38.123" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T16:14:38.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17580" CreationDate="2016-07-27T19:57:58.170" Score="5" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haciendo 'zapping' en internet sobre relojes de arena me encontré con que son los sucesores de los relojes de agua o Clepsidra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clepsidra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clepsidra o reloj de agua (del griego κλέπτειν kleptein, 'robar'; ὕδωρ&#xA;  hidor, 'agua') es cualquier mecanismo para medir el tiempo mediante el&#xA;  flujo regulado de un líquido hacia o desde un recipiente graduado,&#xA;  dando así dos tipos diferentes de relojes según la dirección del flujo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inmediatamente me llama la atención ver que todos los derivados de 'hidor/hidro=agua/líquido' como hidráulico, hídrico, hidrostático, hidratación, etc. se escriben con h mientras 'clepsidra' no tiene la h intermedia que debería tener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe porqué? ¿existe alguna regla para cuando no es prefijo sino sufijo se pierde la h?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T12:50:46.803" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:23:54.380" Title="¿Por qué 'clepsidra' se escribe sin h?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17523" CreationDate="2016-07-28T04:22:03.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17523/hay-alguna-alternativa-oficial-para-escribir-la-%C3%B1-en-teclados-extranjeros#comment24134_17523&quot;&gt;se ha indicado&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE no ha lanzado una propuesta de grafía sustituta para transcribir el sonido nasal palatal /ɲ/ que representamos con la letra &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;. A lo largo de mi vida me ha tocado ver a personas que utilizan la secuencia ⟨ni⟩ para reemplazar a &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;, de modo que &lt;em&gt;año&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;anio&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque los alemanes hayan «estandarizado» &lt;em&gt;de facto&lt;/em&gt; una &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; pospuesta para las vocales con &lt;em&gt;umlaut&lt;/em&gt;, con lo extendida que está la comunidad hispanoparlante dudo mucho que lleguemos a un acuerdo parecido para grafar un reemplazo de la eñe. Además, cualquier sustitución o aproximación de la eñe es ya innecesaria en la era del estándar Unicode: no hay excusa para no utilizar la &lt;a href=&quot;http://polalaroids.blogspot.mx/2010/04/apologia-de-la-n.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elegante y económica&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T06:46:51.267" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T06:46:51.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17563" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17571" CreationDate="2016-07-28T07:54:19.520" Score="5" ViewCount="870" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguro que mucho habréis visto la expresión &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot; en los ingredientes de alguna bebida, o en la narración de algún anuncio, o para promocionar algún producto que lleve &lt;em&gt;maracuyá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OLhpmKa&quot;&gt;maracuyá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es el nombre que recibe el fruto comestible de la pasionaria. Proviene del portugués &lt;em&gt;maracujá&lt;/em&gt;. Por su parte, la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4EPSef&quot;&gt;pasionaria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es una planta que recibe su nombre &lt;em&gt;por la semejanza que parece existir entre las diferentes partes de la flor y los atributos de la pasión de Jesucristo&lt;/em&gt;. Lo que me hace especial gracia porque cuando se usa &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot; suena como sensual, seductor, cuando en realidad el tipo de &quot;pasión&quot; al que hace referencia es uno completamente diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la RAE recoge el término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6Rb5ZS&quot;&gt;flor de la pasión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para nombrar a la flor de la pasionaria, aunque el propio nombre de &quot;pasionaria&quot; también hace referencia a la flor de dicha planta. No sé si por aquí se agarrarán los publicistas para defender el uso de &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿sería correcto (o aceptable) el uso de &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot; para decir &quot;maracuyá&quot;? ¿O cada publicista que usa &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot; merecería una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9oDk6gd%7C9oExe53&quot;&gt;colleja&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T13:09:24.580" Title="¿Es correcto usar la expresión &quot;fruta de la pasión&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17576" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:04:32.233" Score="3" ViewCount="1037" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el análisis de las frases que tengo que hacer, tengo algunas frases que empiezan con &lt;em&gt;y si&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por ej.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) ¿Y si en esta carpeta guardara algo importante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) ¿Y si enviara una carta a Londres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) ¿Y si tuviéramos suerte y descubriéramos una nueva pista?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede decir que estas oraciones son oraciones condicionales sin la oración principal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T09:09:28.677" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T09:23:14.123" Title="¿Son condicionales las oraciones que comienzan por &quot;¿Y si...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17572" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:54:28.407" Score="1" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es la parte en negrita una oración final o consecutiva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué le pasa a su generación &lt;strong&gt;para que dé tan poco valor a la propia&#xA;  vida&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que oraciones finales vienen introducidas por la conjunción final &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si lo pongo así: algo pasa a aquella generación y en consecuencia de esto dan poco valor a la vida, creo que esta es una oración consecutiva. Por otro lado las oraciones consecutivas no van introducidas por el nexo &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces ¿qué tipo de oración es esta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T14:03:57.370" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T14:03:57.370" Title="La oración &quot;(...) para que dé tan poco valor a la propia vida&quot;, ¿es final o consecutiva?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17564" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:59:15.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas son condicionales porque conllevan una reacción la cual no sabes hasta que no la ejecutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo es oración condicional real según el DPD 1ª edición que dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reales». Se denominan así porque la condición expresada es un hecho&#xA;  posible o realizable. El verbo de la prótasis va en indicativo, en&#xA;  cualquiera de sus tiempos, salvo en el futuro simple o futuro, futuro&#xA;  compuesto o antefuturo, condicional simple o pospretérito y&#xA;  condicional compuesto o antepospretérito; el verbo de la apódosis va&#xA;  en indicativo o en imperativo: Si llueve, me quedaré en casa; Si no&#xA;  hacías lo que él decía, se enfadaba; Si vas a salir, ponte el abrigo.&#xA;  En el lenguaje administrativo se conserva aún el uso arcaico en la&#xA;  prótasis de los tiempos futuros de subjuntivo: Si no se presentare el&#xA;  escrito en el plazo indicado, el demandante perderá sus derechos; Si&#xA;  el solicitante no hubiere acreditado suficientemente sus méritos, se&#xA;  considerará inválida su petición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede omitir perfectamente el &quot;Y&quot;, que la frase sigue siendo condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si enviara esa carta a londres....&#xA; Si lloviera mañana... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlace: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11349" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T09:59:15.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17563" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:59:37.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Maracuyá&quot; y &quot;Fruta de la pasión&quot; son distintas formas de llamar a la misma cosa. El nombre indigena es Maracuyá, y el nombre con el que es conocida es &quot;Fruta de la pasión&quot;. De hecho en España no se utilizaba la palabra indígena hasta los años 80 en que se lanzó comercialmente un refresco de Maracuyá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maracuyá&lt;/strong&gt;: Fruto de Passiflora edulis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flor de la pasión&lt;/strong&gt;: Flor de Passiflora edulis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fruta de la pasión&lt;/strong&gt;: Fruto de Passiflora edulis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="12825" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T10:49:53.260" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T10:49:53.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17570" CreationDate="2016-07-28T10:52:55.057" Score="5" ViewCount="44379" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like the usage of the sentence &quot;Have a good day&quot; in English. It gives a good vibration when saying goodbye to someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish is not very common to use it, so every time I want to use it I keep wondering: which of these should be the preferred way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ten un buen día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tengas un buen día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que vaya bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case it needs to be specific, I would rather chose a Spanish from Spain version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:48:46.137" Title="&quot;Have a good day&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17568" CreationDate="2016-07-28T12:20:40.980" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tengas un buen día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which express your desire for the other person to actually &lt;code&gt;&quot;have a nice day&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Ten un buen día&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is the literal translation but it doesn't express the sentiment behind &lt;code&gt;&quot;have a nice day&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. It could be used to maybe cheer someone up; something like &lt;code&gt;&quot;Hey you, go and have a nice day&quot;&lt;/code&gt; or something like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Que vaya bien&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is not entirely correct. It would be more like &lt;code&gt;&quot;Que te vaya bien&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and it is most commonly used when someone is going to do something, maybe when someone is going to a job interview, you can tell him &lt;code&gt;&quot;Que te vaya bien&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to express your desire for the interview to go well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for saying goodbye the most common way is &lt;code&gt;&quot;Que tengas un buen día&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&quot;Que tengas buen día&quot;&lt;/code&gt; or as mentioned in the comments &lt;code&gt;&quot;Feliz día&lt;/code&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that, in some cultures and countries, when you want to speak with more respect (to older people, for example) you would say &lt;code&gt;&quot;Que tenga un buen día&quot;&lt;/code&gt; since &lt;code&gt;&quot;tengas&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is a more personal manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13292" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T12:20:40.980" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17563" CreationDate="2016-07-28T13:09:24.580" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El lenguaje se forma de muchas maneras y no debemos considerar que unas son más válidas que otras por cuestiones morales. Si una expresión restringida a un campo de aplicación concreto hace fortuna, puede acabar incorporándose al registro general con el mismo significado o con otro. La etimología es útil para entender el origen de las palabras, pero no debe usarse para restringir el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente no es raro que la publicidad utilice expresiones para referirse a sus productos con el fin de hacerlos más atractivos. Y no tan actualmente: hay ejemplos de expresiones y nombres dados por motivos publicitarios desde hace muchos siglos. Uno que me gusta especialmente es el de Groenlandia, cuyo significado original es &lt;em&gt;tierra verde&lt;/em&gt;, pese a tratarse principalmente de un inmenso glaciar. Al parecer, Erik el Rojo le puso ese nombre para atraer colonos al territorio. ¿Es incorrecto usar el nombre por deberse a un motivo engañoso? No. El nombre hizo fortuna y se ha quedado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el maracuyá pasa algo parecido. Nadie puede obligarnos a creer que el maracuyá sea afrodisiaco, de igual forma que nadie puede obligarnos a creer que Groenlandia es verde. Pero si la expresión ha tenido éxito, en buena parte porque el carácter tropical de la fruta nos hace asociar más esa &lt;em&gt;pasión&lt;/em&gt; a la amorosa que a la de Cristo, ¿cuál es el problema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T13:09:24.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17565" CreationDate="2016-07-28T13:41:10.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La interpretación consecutiva me parece más apropiada. La frase se puede reformular añadiendo un &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; antes del &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; sin que cambie de significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué le pasa a su generación &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; para que dé tan poco valor a la propia vida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DPD no tiene ninguna entrada para &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, pero sí tiene una para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=como&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, donde se puede leer (apartado 2.f): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f) Seguido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;para + infinitivo&lt;/em&gt;, o de &lt;em&gt;para que + verbo&lt;/em&gt; en subjuntivo, introduce la &lt;strong&gt;consecuencia posible o esperable&lt;/strong&gt; de lo expresado con anterioridad: &lt;em&gt;«Se sabía [...] con el encanto suficiente como para embelesar a Joaquín»&lt;/em&gt; (Elizondo Setenta [Méx. 1987]); &lt;em&gt;«Era un local lo bastante amplio como para que pudieran entrenar allí dos docenas de boxeadores»&lt;/em&gt; (Memba Homenaje [Esp. 1989]). La mayor parte de las veces [el &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;] tiene simplemente valor ponderativo y &lt;strong&gt;puede suprimirse&lt;/strong&gt; sin que cambie el sentido del enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lógica del DPD es la misma que la que has dado tú: &quot;tenía el encanto suficiente, y en consecuencia podía embelesar a Joaquín&quot;. En tu caso el razonamiento sería, efectivamente, &quot;algo le pasa a esta gente, y en consecuencia no dan valor a la propia vida&quot;. El ejemplo del DPD podría ser igual al tuyo si se expresa como una pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tiene [como] para embelesar a Joaquín? El encanto suficiente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T13:41:10.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17568" CreationDate="2016-07-28T20:29:06.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tenga buen día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or the more familiar, but less commonly heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tengas buen día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are both very common in Mexico and Guatemala (the countries with which I am most familiar).  Even more common, especially as a closing of a business transaction (a store clerk would say it to you as you're finishing paying):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que te vaya bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T06:32:06.553" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T06:32:06.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17568" CreationDate="2016-07-28T22:43:52.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your second proposal might be expressed in this formal way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Que le vaya bien! (a usted)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T13:48:46.137" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:48:46.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17564" CreationDate="2016-07-29T09:23:14.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la Nueva Gramática, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGXNqgLzATlOIWXl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;apartado 47.3q&lt;/a&gt; se tratan este tipo de oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se asimilan a las condicionales suspendidas las interrogativas encabezadas por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; en las que se propone algo, como en &lt;em&gt;¿Y si lo dejamos para otro día?&lt;/em&gt; [...]. En otras prótasis suspendidas se conjetura la posibilidad de que pueda darse algún hecho o sea cierto algún estado de cosas, como en &lt;em&gt;¿Y si estuviéramos todos equivocados?&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pone como ejemplos las siguientes frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Y si ella se niega a dármelo y quedo desairado?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Y si aún quisiera oponerse a vuestros amores?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Y si te jurase que nada pasará?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que sí, las oraciones son &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnzIYtZggtvDmgAD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;condicionales suspendidas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Si así lo ves más claro, en todas estas frases y en las de tu pregunta, la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; se podría sustituir por &lt;em&gt;qué pasaría&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué pasaría si en esta carpeta guardara algo importante?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué pasaría si enviara una carta a Londres?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué pasaría si tuviéramos suerte y encontráramos una nueva pista?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T09:23:14.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17577" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17581" CreationDate="2016-07-29T09:36:05.720" Score="2" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo un libro vi las siguientes frases así escritas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el congreso del Partido Conservador de 1981, Norman &lt;strong&gt;Te-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;bbit&lt;/strong&gt; dijo la célebre fase de que su padre (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora que el balón había empezado a rodar, los medios se &lt;strong&gt;afe-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;rraron&lt;/strong&gt; entusiasmados a otros casos para confirmar esta imagen&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  distorsionada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que quiero resaltar aquí es la forma en que las palabras se dividen a final de línea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendió que se separara &lt;em&gt;Te-bbit&lt;/em&gt;, así como &lt;em&gt;afe-rraron&lt;/em&gt;. Pensé que las consonantes iguales se separarían (en catalán se hace así).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, ¿podría alguien detallar cuáles son las reglas para dividir las palabras a final de línea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T11:55:04.640" Title="¿Cuál es el criterio de división de palabras a final de línea?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17579" CreationDate="2016-07-29T10:34:21.303" Score="2" ViewCount="1536" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como todos sabemos, en el idioma español se usan los acentos agudos (´), además de la diéresis (¨) que afecta a la u en algunas palabras. Pero, ¿han existido en algún momento de la historia palabras en español que llevaran acentos graves (`) o circunflejos (^)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para acotar la respuesta, entendamos español como el hablado desde el siglo XVI (el conocido como &lt;em&gt;español medio&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;áurico&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T11:31:25.157" Title="¿Han existido alguna vez en el idioma español acentos diferentes al agudo?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17578" CreationDate="2016-07-29T11:31:25.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia nos resuelve la duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortograf%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Acentuaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ortografía del español, sección Acentuación&lt;/a&gt; observamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras el abandono del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_circunflejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acento circunflejo&lt;/a&gt; ( ^ ) en el siglo XIX, el&#xA;  español emplea como diacrítico exclusivamente el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_agudo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acento agudo&lt;/a&gt; ( ´&#xA;  ), que se coloca sobre la vocal central de una sílaba para indicar que&#xA;  esta es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento_pros%C3%B3dico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tónica&lt;/a&gt; en algunos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La curiosidad nos mueve a visitar la sección de acento circunflejo arriba indicada, donde leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El signo, introducido por la Real Academia en el siglo XVIII, señalaba&#xA;  que ch y x se pronunciaban [k] y [ks] respectivamente en la vocal&#xA;  siguiente, ya que tales palabras eran préstamos del latín o del&#xA;  griego. Ejemplos: châracteres, exâcto. Sin embargo, si el uso de este&#xA;  acento contradecía el uso del acento agudo, se le daba prioridad al&#xA;  segundo: chímica (y no chîmica). También, si una palabra terminaba en&#xA;  x, no se marcaba su pronunciación [x] en ninguna vocal cercana al no&#xA;  ser seguida de vocal: relox (hoy: reloj). En los primeros textos, el&#xA;  circunflejo podía alternar con el grave en usos similares (â, cargarâ,&#xA;  despachô) o utilizarse en voces como fê o vêr para indicar la&#xA;  presencia original de una doble vocal (fee, veer; hoy: fe, ver).&#xA;  También podía aparecer la palabra como baxîos, traîa, tenîa, oîa (en&#xA;  estas últimas, indicaba un hiato o ruptura del diptongo), recordando&#xA;  su empleo en griego con palabras con estas mismas terminaciones. El&#xA;  acento agudo se usaba raramente y casi siempre en posición interior de&#xA;  palabra. No obstante las tendencias descritas, hay que señalar que, en&#xA;  esa primera época, el uso de los diferentes tipos de acento era, por&#xA;  lo general, irregular e inconsistente incluso dentro de una misma&#xA;  obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Este signo (^) luego fue abandonado rápidamente en el mismo siglo, después de que el uso de ch con pronunciación [k] y de x con&#xA;  pronunciación [x] se abandonaran a favor de c/qu y j/g (como en relox&#xA;  o dixe), volviéndolo de nula utilidad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T11:31:25.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17557" CreationDate="2016-07-29T11:38:48.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Bueno, contesto para que los comentarios no se pierdan&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE dice de la etimología de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9RnDAoO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;clepsidra&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. clepsy̆dra, y este del gr. κλεψύδρα klepsýdra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece una palabra antigua que viene del latín directamente, donde ya no existía dicha &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, todas aquellas que usan &lt;em&gt;hidro-&lt;/em&gt; suelen ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;o bien de nueva creación, en las que se &quot;jugó&quot; a usar latín (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KKVuUmz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hidrógeno&lt;/a&gt;). Esto versión del latín suele ser denominada &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolat%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;neolatín&lt;/a&gt; y se usó especialmente en el lenguaje científico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;o bien tenían la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; inicialmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, encuentro lo que parece un contraejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2gK2L5Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;anhidro&lt;/a&gt; es del tipo de clepsidra, donde ya no existía la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; pero se introdujo posteriormente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. ἄνυδρος ánydros 'que no tiene agua'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; veo que esta palabra es relativamente reciente, introducida en 1884 en el fragor de los descubrimientos químicos de la época. Yo lo interpreto pues como otro caso del uso de un latín de nuevo cuño como el antes descrito y, por tanto, independiente de las reglas de evolución de la lengua. Por tanto, no parece que contravenga lo dicho antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T13:23:54.380" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:23:54.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17577" CreationDate="2016-07-29T11:55:04.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Incluyo referencias a la página &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Divisi%C3%B3n_de_palabras_a_final_de_l%C3%ADnea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;División de palabras a final de línea&lt;/a&gt; de Wikilengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando hay que dividir una palabra al cambiar de renglón, se usa el&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Gui%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guion&lt;/a&gt;.  Las normas generales recomiendan que para dividir las&#xA;  palabras a final de línea se siga bien la división &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/S%C3%ADlaba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;silábica&lt;/a&gt;, bien&#xA;  la división por constituyentes (normalmente los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Prefijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;prefijos&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la pregunta concreta, sí es correcto cómo se hace en el libro la división &lt;em&gt;afe-rraron&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;ch, ll, rr, gu, qu&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los dígrafos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gu&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; no se separan ni finalizan&#xA;  renglón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;ca- / chear.   enca- / llado.   ca- / rraspear.   car- / guero.   re- / querimiento.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La única excepción para la &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; es si este grupo es el resultado de&#xA;  añadir un prefijo que termina en -r a una palabra que comienza por&#xA;  esta misma letra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;hiper- / realismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la división del apellido extranjero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;Palabras extranjeras&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con estas palabras hay distintas opiniones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una posición es la que defiende, por ejemplo, la Academia en su&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; o Leonardo Gómez Torrego en su &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de uso del español actual&lt;/em&gt;: dicen que no se deben separar palabras de otras&#xA;  lenguas, a no ser que se conozcan las normas de división de palabras&#xA;  de esa lengua. Otra postura es la que defienden ortografías como la&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; de Larousse: argumentan que las palabras extranjeras se dividirán siguiendo las normas del español,&#xA;  aunque en la lengua originaria sigan normas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;cowboy frente a cow- / boy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T11:55:04.640" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-07-29T11:55:04.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17597" CreationDate="2016-07-29T12:48:16.610" Score="2" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a previous post fedorqui posed the question&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17551/se-debe-escribir-art%C3%ADculo-delante-de-una-palabra-extranjera-que-ya-lo-contiene&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Se debe escribir art&amp;#237;culo delante de una palabra extranjera que ya lo contiene en su lengua?&lt;/a&gt; which referred to (mostly) newspaper titles from other languages which already contain the definite article. This raised in my mind the question of how we talk about Spanish language (SL) newspapers and magazines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases the name already contains the definite article so we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Leo un artículo en El País&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Leo un artículo en La Tercera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it seems that if there is no article in the title we do not add it. For instance the SL Wikipedia refers to the paper simply as &lt;em&gt;Clarín&lt;/em&gt; without adding &quot;el&quot; before it. So I assume I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No he leído nunca un artículo en Clarín&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also notice that the sports paper As has a feature which it calls &lt;em&gt;La chica de As&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;del As&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T22:27:01.137" Title="Use of definite article with names of newspapers" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26416" CreationDate="2016-07-29T15:28:40.103" Score="7" ViewCount="1870" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13606/feedback-en-castellano&quot;&gt;¿&quot;Feedback&quot; en castellano?&lt;/a&gt; por la cual fedorqui obtuvo su &lt;em&gt;&quot;Notable question badge&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (felicitaciones) encontré una respuesta que me gustó pero empieza con un &lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta respuesta está así desde 2015 y nadie se ha atrevido a editar el anglicismo y corregirlo al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en este sitio muestra que la palabreja en inglés es muy usada incluso en preguntas en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta otra &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13567/c%C3%B3mo-traducir-la-expresi%C3%B3n-idiom%C3%A1tica-inglesa-as-is&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt; sobre &lt;strong&gt;AS IS&lt;/strong&gt; cita el texto &quot;Disclaimer. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot; AND...&quot; pero no se discute sobre &quot;Disclaimer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces le damos el significado de &quot;Aclaración&quot; o &quot;Anotación&quot; el cual no es exactamente su real significado de &quot;renuncia de responsabilidad&quot; o &quot;descargo de responsabilidad&quot;, pero aunque este último es claro para la mayoría, ¿existe una manera más simple y clara en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-28T20:37:14.560" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T11:17:08.830" Title="Traducción de 'Disclaimer'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2016-07-29T16:04:08.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aviso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: Depende del contexto, por supuesto, pero en casos serios (por ejemplo, licencias...) suele usarse la expresión &lt;em&gt;Aviso Legal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para un uso más general, diría que la fórmula más sencilla sería dar un &lt;em&gt;aviso&lt;/em&gt;, simplemente. En alguna ocasión he visto también el uso del verbo exonerar, pero la verdad es que es un uso más extraño. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12731" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T16:04:08.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17582" CreationDate="2016-07-29T16:14:58.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is absolutely correct. The trick here is to notice that the names of the newspapers that you mention include the articles (i.e. the article is part of the names, so it is included always).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker, this morning &quot;he leído un artículo en &lt;strong&gt;El Pais&lt;/strong&gt;, he visto una noticia de &lt;strong&gt;El Mundo&lt;/strong&gt;, y me he asustado al ver una imagen en &lt;strong&gt;Público&lt;/strong&gt;; sin embargo, la misma imagen no era tan terrible en la portada de &lt;strong&gt;La Razón&lt;/strong&gt;. Curiosamente, la imagen ni siquiera aparecía en &lt;strong&gt;ABC&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12731" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T16:14:58.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17672" CreationDate="2016-07-29T16:58:47.583" Score="0" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso quiere delatarme? ¿&lt;strong&gt;Que sepa&lt;/strong&gt; que he venido para avisarle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tengo razón si digo que la parte en negrita es una oracion completiva (&lt;em&gt;quiere que sepa que...&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T13:29:50.710" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:33:38.843" Title="Es &quot;... que sepa que he venido para avisarle&quot; una oración completiva?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17819" CreationDate="2016-07-29T17:39:34.873" Score="1" ViewCount="364" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero como la circunstancia es tan pesarosa y comprendo cuán&#xA;  tristemente la ha afectado, me contentaría con la conversación &lt;strong&gt;que&#xA;  pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que &quot;provoca&quot; el uso del subjuntivo en esta frase: el verbo &lt;em&gt;contentarse&lt;/em&gt; (= el deseo de tener una conversación) o el antecedente hipotético de la oración relativa (la conversación que...)? Y por eso no estoy segura si esto es una oración relativa o completiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T13:19:38.430" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T00:03:13.620" Title="La oración &quot;(...) que pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A&quot;, ¿es relativa o completiva?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-29T18:20:17.953" Score="1" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo porqué en esta frase se emplea el subjuntivo. ¿Acaso tiene que ver con el orden de las palabras inverso? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Que haya huido&lt;/strong&gt; significa que está mezclada en el asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T09:54:31.183" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T09:54:31.183" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo en &quot;Que haya huido significa que está mezclada en el asunto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:05:21.997" Score="3" ViewCount="1663" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble with the construcción of these types of sentences. Is it &quot;Estoy esperando a que mi novio abre la puerta&quot;? Or do you use the unconjugated &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13303" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T21:16:33.033" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T14:59:51.093" Title="How do you say in Spanish, &quot;I am waiting for my boyfriend to open the door&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17589" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:12:40.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Que haya huído&quot; en ese caso es subjuntivo porque es una situación hipotética. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, podría argumentarse que no es hipotética porque ella de hecho en la realidad sí huyó, pero el argumento de la persona que piensa que ella está mezclada en el asunto es un argumento general. Más formalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En general, las personas que huyen suelen estar involucradas. (1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella de hecho huyó. (2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por lo tanto ella está involucrada. (3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera premisa puede expresarse también con subjuntivo usando una oración hipotética como sustantivo: &quot;Que alguien huya significa que está involucrado&quot;. La oración que provoca tu pregunta es un poco complicada porque en una sola oración mezcla las tres partes del argumento: La hipótesis, la realidad objetiva, y la conclusión probable que se deduce a partir de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T21:12:40.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17590" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:15:53.450" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's almost right. You need the subjunctive mood for &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;abra&lt;/em&gt;)  because you're describing an irrealis situation. The correct sentence would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy esperando (a) que mi novio abra la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is common to drop the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in some countries such as Argentina or Chile, as per the comments, while it is kept in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T14:59:51.093" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T14:59:51.093" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:19:12.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso actual de &lt;em&gt;disclaimer&lt;/em&gt; en inglés asociado a los foros de internet viene reflejado por dictionary.com como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/disclaimer?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disclaimer in Technology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  networking&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Statement ritually appended to many Usenet postings (sometimes automatically, by the posting software) reiterating the fact (which should be obvious, but is easily forgotten) that the article reflects its author's opinions and not necessarily those of the organisation running the computer through which the article entered the network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el legalismo &lt;em&gt;disclaimer&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;prevención de quejas&lt;/em&gt;, etimológicamente) no sea usa como el &lt;em&gt;descargo de responsabilidad&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=disclaimer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indica WordReference&lt;/a&gt; sino como algo más campestre del tipo &lt;em&gt;aviso&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17584/1674&quot;&gt;dice carrdelling&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta que es un texto usado en ámbitos internetísticos foriles (si existe tal palabro), no hace falta tomarla con mucha rimbombancia y poner cosas como &lt;em&gt;aviso legal&lt;/em&gt;, a menos que uno quiera mantener el tono jocoso con el que entiendo que se usa en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me convence pues decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aviso&lt;/strong&gt;: este software...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incluso más informal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Ojo!&lt;/strong&gt; este software...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T10:35:45.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:39:44.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para este tipo de situaciones yo lo primero que hago es comprobar la definición en inglés de la palabra para asegurarme de qué estamos hablando. En el Merriam-Webster aparecen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disclaimer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos definiciones&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A statement that is meant to prevent an incorrect understanding of something (such as a book, a movie, or an advertisement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de este significado sería &lt;em&gt;the documentary opens with a disclaimer that many of its scenes are “fictional re-creations” of real events&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A denial or disavowal of legal claim:  relinquishment of or formal refusal to accept an interest or estate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de esta sería &lt;em&gt;one brother filed a disclaimer, allowing all of the estate to go to his poorer siblings&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso se podría traducir por un simple &lt;strong&gt;aviso&lt;/strong&gt;. El segundo caso se podría traducir por la opción que propone el traductor de Google: &lt;strong&gt;renuncia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esa renuncia se puede entender en algunas ocasiones, dentro del ámbito jurídico, como una renuncia de la responsabilidad que podría surgir a partir de determinadas situaciones, y en ese caso es cuando se podría traducir por &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descarga de responsabilidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(o como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;aviso legal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, propuesto en otra respuesta con la que estoy de acuerdo). De hecho, la primera acepción comentada podría entenderse por ahí, como una descarga de responsabilidad en caso de que el que vea el documental lo entienda como lo que no es y saque conclusiones erróneas. El que avisa no es traidor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, un &lt;em&gt;disclaimer&lt;/em&gt; en su primera acepción podría ser un aviso que se expone con el propósito específico de evitar malentendidos. Parece que el término exoneración, ya comentado, podría valer, pero lo veo muy forzado. A fin de cuentas, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HGptCOJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exonerar&lt;/a&gt; significa &quot;descarga de obligación&quot;, que no es lo mismo que una descarga de responsabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T10:50:21.813" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T10:50:21.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-29T21:42:19.427" Score="2" ViewCount="1377" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;vez&quot; in Mexico used the same as the present tense &quot;ves&quot; in Spain?  As in, &quot;you see&quot; ... or is this a text shorthand that's become popular for &quot;ves&quot; with Latin American Spanish speakers? As in &quot;Hey vez que pasa asi ?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was used by a person from Mexico, living in Mexico, telling me that that is a Mexican thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happened during a text conversation and I brought us &quot;Do you mean 'ves?'&quot; No, she said. It is &quot;vez&quot; in Mexico, like &quot;mira.&quot; Which of course would be &quot;ves&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted some second opinions as if I was missing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13305" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-07-31T11:20:12.067" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T16:47:56.963" Title="Is &quot;vez&quot; in Mexico used the same as the present tense &quot;ves&quot; in Spain?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17582" CreationDate="2016-07-29T22:27:01.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the names of the newspapers (and brands in general) happens the same as with every common name, you must not use the article when speaking about them in a general way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fumo Ducados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo sólo conduzco Toyotas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy lector de ABC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, you must use an article when speaking about a given unit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ABC de hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, &lt;em&gt;la chica de As&lt;/em&gt; refers to a girl representing the newspaper as an entity. If it were &lt;em&gt;la chica del As&lt;/em&gt;, it could be a girl picked for today's newspaper (&lt;em&gt;la chica del As de hoy&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But wait, because you can also say &lt;em&gt;yo soy lector del ABC&lt;/em&gt;, so what's happening here? In fact, this question is similar to the question about whether putting an article before years: &lt;em&gt;en 2007&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;en el 2007&lt;/em&gt;? Both are valid because the second one is a short version of &lt;em&gt;en el año 2007&lt;/em&gt;. With the newspaper is the same: &lt;em&gt;el ABC&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;el periódico ABC&lt;/em&gt;. So you can say &lt;em&gt;esa noticia la leí en Clarín&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;esa noticia la leí en el [diario] Clarín&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is, some newspapers names already have an article in the name. So to avoid a cacophony, we suppose the article is already given and do not add another one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T22:27:01.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17609" CreationDate="2016-07-30T02:01:10.163" Score="4" ViewCount="1837" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde hace un tiempo se realizó un cambio o &lt;em&gt;corrección&lt;/em&gt; de la gramática del idioma español por parte de la RAE, indicándose que el adverbio &lt;code&gt;solo&lt;/code&gt; y los pronombres demostrativos ya no deben escribirse con tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-adverbio-solo-y-los-pronombres-demostrativos-sin-tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos, sin tilde&lt;/a&gt; de la misma RAE, ya no se realiza distinción cuando se usa la palabra &lt;code&gt;solo&lt;/code&gt; como adverbio de cuando se usa como adjetivo. Lo mismo pasa con los pronombres (&lt;code&gt;éste&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ése&lt;/code&gt;, etc.) y los determinantes (&lt;code&gt;este&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ese&lt;/code&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los argumentos que dan para eso en el artículo me parecen poco convincentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) no cumple el requisito fundamental que justifica el uso de la tilde diacrítica, que es el de oponer palabras tónicas o acentuadas a palabras átonas o inacentuadas formalmente idénticas, ya que tanto solo como los demostrativos son siempre palabras tónicas en cualquiera de sus funciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas respecto a esto son tres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el uso del tilde en esas palabras no se justificaba, ¿por qué durante tanto tiempo fueron aceptadas de esa forma?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el artículo mencionan que &lt;em&gt;las posibles ambigüedades pueden resolverse casi siempre por el propio contexto&lt;/em&gt;. Ese &lt;em&gt;casi siempre&lt;/em&gt; es el que me causa ruido, ¿qué ejemplos existen de esto donde se pueda producir esta ambigüedad? Traté de pensar en alguno pero no lo conseguí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En otras preguntas se ha discutido de la influencia de la RAE sobre el lenguaje y viceversa, ¿Es posible que estas nuevas reglas modifiquen el uso que puedan tener estas palabras en el sentido de cómo se escriben?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la última pregunta, en mi caso particular me niego a dejar de escribir la tilde cuando &lt;em&gt;corresponda&lt;/em&gt;, pero me imagino que en generaciones futuras esto se irá perdiendo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T11:50:41.800" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T05:09:04.783" Title="El adverbio &quot;solo&quot; y los pronombres demostrativos sin tilde" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;pronombres-demostrativos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17601" CreationDate="2016-07-30T06:38:10.323" Score="5" ViewCount="1363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently reviewing a page over at Span¡shD!ct and though I had read the following (or something similar) numerous times before, I have never stopped to really think about why the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; must undergo the change described as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To maintain the /k/, /g/, and /s/ sounds in the first person singular, the [c], [g], and [z] change to [qu], [gu], and [c] respectively. All other persons and all endings are regular.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;em&gt;Source: Span¡shD!ict&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For context, the page was about the preterite tense and specifically used &amp;quot;cruzar&amp;quot; as an example, explaining that the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;cruzar&amp;quot; changes to &amp;quot;c&amp;quot; for 1st person singular -- &lt;em&gt;crucé&lt;/em&gt; (not &lt;em&gt;cruzé&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I think of all the Spanish words I know that contain a &amp;quot;z,&amp;quot; I can't think of any examples where &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; pronounced with an &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;soft c&amp;quot; sound.  Did the &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; have a hard sound at one point in time?  Or is it possible that there is another reason for this spelling change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for any insight you may have on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:26:54.227" Title="If certain words undergo a spelling change from &quot;z&quot; to &quot;c&quot; in order to preserve the soft sound of the &quot;z,&quot; is there a &quot;hard z&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17600" CreationDate="2016-07-30T10:33:18.580" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does, in the past. It would have been pronounced as [dz] with &lt;em&gt;ç&lt;/em&gt; being the unvoiced equivalent [ts]. But following phonetic changes, spelling reforms have made it such that no (native) Spanish words have an &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; followed by &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;. Those that do are generally just pronounced as if they were a &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;, but you may hear some variation as with many imported words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T15:24:47.653" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T15:24:47.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17599" CreationDate="2016-07-30T13:13:28.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La cruzada que está manteniendo la RAE al respecto de estas acentuaciones es bastante surrealista, desde mi punto de vista. Y, al parecer, desde el punto de vista de mucha gente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/cultura/20141130/abci-solo-tilde-201411291825.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sólo/solo: la tilde que enfrenta a la RAE con los escritores&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tallerdeletras.com/la-rae-sola-contra-el-acento-del-adverbio-solo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La RAE, sola contra el acento del adverbio ‘sólo’&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En curioso que en el primer artículo se afirma que esta cruzada la lleva manteniendo la RAE desde mediados del siglo XX. Desde mi punto de vista, las reglas de ortografía siempre han seguido unas reglas claras y específicas que nunca han dejado lugar a la subjetividad. Por ello no entiendo que se pretenda que &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; se acentúe o no según el hecho de que el escritor piense que puede causar o no ambigüedad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo sencillo de esta ambigüedad viene en uno de los enlaces de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro trabaja solo los domingos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se refiere a que únicamente trabaja los domingos, o a que los domingos trabaja sin compañía? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, esta oposición de los escritores puede hacer que la RAE rectifique en un momento dado. Esto es como la pregunta que hice de si en América Latina se pasaría a decir &lt;em&gt;ratón&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;mouse&lt;/em&gt; porque así lo recomienda la RAE, dependerá de cómo la gente adopte el término (o recomendación). De hecho, ya en 2013 la RAE reconocía que su recomendación de no acentuar nunca &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;, ni siquiera en caso de ambigüedad, que viene de 2010, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/01/09/cultura/1357735373.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;no estaba siendo seguida de forma uniforme&lt;/a&gt;. También concedió que escribir &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt; no constituye una falta de ortografía. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-07-31T07:35:50.693" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T07:35:50.693" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17599" CreationDate="2016-07-30T13:49:07.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez esto me coloque en la minoría, pero qué le vamos a hacer: yo estoy de acuerdo con el criterio expuesto por la RAE y he dejado de acentuar todas esas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suele citarse la posible ambigüedad para oponerse a la supresión de la tilde. Sin embargo, en el lenguaje oral no usamos tilde, ¿cómo hacemos para evitar esa ambigüedad? Pues de la forma correcta: usando construcciones inequívocas y no artificios tipográficos. Voy a tomar prestado el ejemplo que propone Carlos Alejo en su respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro trabaja solo los domingos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo evito la ambigüedad? Muy sencillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los domingos, Pedro trabaja solo. &amp;lt;--&gt; Pedro trabaja solamente los domingos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta cuestión creo que se ha puesto de manifiesto la resistencia al cambio de las personas. También un tiempo atrás muchas personas se resistían a dejar de usar tilde en los monosílabos, pero hoy a todos nos parece natural escribir &lt;em&gt;dio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fe&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;dió&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fé&lt;/em&gt;. Y, ojo, el motivo para no usar tilde puede parecer endeble: ¿por qué establecer una excepción a la regla general, según la cual todas las palabras agudas terminadas en vocal, n o s se acentúan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;? ¿No es más sencillo y natural usar siempre la regla general? Bien, la RAE propuso que la tilde se usa para indicar en qué sílaba recae el acento prosódico y esto no es necesario con los monosílabos, y los hispanohablantes hemos acabado aceptando con naturalidad este criterio. A mí me parece que los criterios expuestos por la RAE para justificar su oposición a acentuar los demostrativos o la palabra &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; (y también los que expone para oponerse a acentuar otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;guion&lt;/em&gt;) son razonables y no me causa ningún problema aceptarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; En realidad, la regla es ligeramente más complicada: la n o s final deben ir precedidas también por vocal, n o s. Así, escribimos &lt;em&gt;camión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;revés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Soláns&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;Talarn&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;carnets&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T18:27:46.147" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T18:27:46.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17607" CreationDate="2016-07-30T13:49:25.863" Score="10" ViewCount="1585" Body="&lt;p&gt;As we know, language is changing with time. Could anyone explain it in the historic point?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why the verbs in Spanish only end in &amp;quot;ar, er, ir&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do &amp;quot;-ar, -er, -ir&amp;quot; have special meaning? That is, for example, why a verb ends in &amp;quot;-ar&amp;quot; but not &amp;quot;-er, -ir&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T14:35:06.430" Title="Why do the verbs in Spanish only end in &quot;ar, er, ir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17654" CreationDate="2016-07-30T13:52:45.547" Score="3" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quien más o quien menos habrá leído la expresión &quot;cosas veredes, amigo Sancho, que farán fablar las piedras&quot;. La frase se suele atribuir injustamente a El Quijote, cuando &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estandarte.com/noticias/idioma-espanol/la-expresion-cosas-veredes-_579.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en realidad es bastante más antigua&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con independencia de su origen, la frase se suele entender como un &lt;em&gt;¡las cosas que hay que ver!&lt;/em&gt; Pero siempre me ha quedado la siguiente duda: ¿qué tiempo verbal es (o fue) &quot;veredes&quot;? ¿Se puede equiparar con algún tiempo verbal actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T17:59:43.477" Title="¿Qué tiempo verbal es &quot;veredes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17727" CreationDate="2016-07-30T15:14:45.280" Score="5" ViewCount="3826" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si es válido decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será mejor que &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; ayudes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando se hace referencia a una mujer (es decir, ir a ayudar a una mujer), o que si necesariamente tiene que ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será mejor que &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; ayudes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; encontré algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le pedí disculpas a mi madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije a su hermana que viniera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me queda claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13311" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T00:32:25.217" Title="¿Es válido usar &quot;le&quot; en el ejemplo &quot;Será mejor que le ayudes [a ella]&quot;?" Tags="&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17604" CreationDate="2016-07-30T15:22:15.783" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a historic point of view, the Spanish language comes from the Latin language. In Latin there were three possible terminations for verbs: &lt;em&gt;-are, -ere, -ire&lt;/em&gt;. These terminations have reached our days, in some cases unchanged as is the case of the Italian language. In Spanish the last &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; was simply dropped. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, where did the Latin verbs come from? I don't know, but in the theoretical common language &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_verbs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Proto-Indo-European the verbs&lt;/a&gt; were formed by adding a suffix to a root to form the verb, and then adding an ending to form the word. If those suffixes were a reduced set, it would set the origin for every language with common terminations for verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not uncommon to have a common termination for every verb in a language. Take the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugation&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Japanese language&lt;/a&gt;, for instance. In that language, every verb ends with a -u syllable (-u, -ku, -su, ...). The English way seems to be more flexible as you can render any word into a verb. To do the same, we have to verbalise the word (as the invented word &quot;googlear&quot;, meaning &quot;to search something in Google&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_verbs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the German language&lt;/a&gt;, a language I consider somewhat close to English, where every verb ends with -n. Thus, &quot;to have&quot; in German is &lt;em&gt;haben&lt;/em&gt;. In fact, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Middle English&lt;/a&gt; this was the termination for every verb, so &quot;to sing&quot; comes from Middle English &lt;em&gt;singen&lt;/em&gt;, and verbs were conjugated (&lt;em&gt;singe, singest, singeþ, singen, singen, singen&lt;/em&gt;). Modern English just dropped the termination from the infinitive (but added the initial &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;) and simplified the conjugation, and the only thing that remains is the -s from the third person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your second question, the endings &lt;em&gt;-ar, -er, -ir&lt;/em&gt; do not have a special meaning, and didn't have it even in Latin. One could think that the ending could depend on the last consonant or consonants of the stem, but in Spanish you have &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;labrar&lt;/em&gt;, with very similar stems (&lt;em&gt;abr-&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;labr-&lt;/em&gt;) but different terminations. You can even have different terminations for the same stem: &lt;em&gt;morar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt;, and you get two completely different verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T13:44:45.837" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T13:44:45.837" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17524" CreationDate="2016-07-30T20:15:12.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es relativa (cláusula relativa = en relación al sustantivo) a &lt;em&gt;habitación&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;exigió la mejor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (= la mejor habitación),&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que dispusiera de agua caliente y periódicos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. (= cláusula adjetival que modifica al sustantivo habitación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estas cláusulas caracterizan al sustantivo, suelen ser adjetivales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T20:15:12.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17599" CreationDate="2016-07-30T21:49:38.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE y ASALE tenían ya como objetivo una regularización y simplificación de la ortografía en el siglo XVIII, como podemos leer en la primera ortografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta primera estableció un estándar, pero reconoció que había algunas prácticas que ya estaban tan repartidas entre escritores que no sería posible cambiarlas (como ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; debió ser &lt;em&gt;haver&lt;/em&gt;, pero siendo una palabra tan frecuente, sería una lucha quijotesca intentar forzar la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;). Aún así, preveía que a lo largo de tiempo y con revisiones, sería posible tal regularización, hacia una ortografía casi completamente fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra fonética es la parte más importante. La verdad es que una reforma lógica, en mi opinión, sería tener &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; como /g/ &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; (y &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; /θ/, &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; /k/), para que no tengamos que preocuparnos con estos cambios ortográficos en conjugaciones y sufijaciones, y ya dejar de usar &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; a favor de &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; siempre. No obstante, algo así escrito parecería rarísimo para un lector moderno, ya que representa un salto demasiado fuerte. Y tener dos letras con el mismo sonido por lo menos puede representar fonéticamente la lengua sin tener que recurrir a memorizaciones fonéticas como en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo todo lo antes para intentar explicar la visión de la RAE y ASALE. El castellano, cuando escrito, debe simplemente ser una representación de lo hablado. Si una distinción fonética ya no se hace (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;j/x&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;z/ç&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;s/ss&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ph/f&lt;/em&gt;), es preferible simplificar, pero siempre que no nos aleje demasiado de la tradición. Los tildes diacríticos no tienen ningún propósito fonético. &lt;em&gt;Este&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;éste&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt; se pronunciaban y se pronuncian igual. Por lo tanto, va el pensamiento, no hay por qué escribir la tilde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, palabras como &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; se pronuncian de forma diferente (una es tónica y otra átona), por lo tanto, como la forma escrita debe reflejar la hablada lo máximo posible, una se tilda y otra no, y esta distinción mantienen la RAE y ASALE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos cambios van a efectuarse con tiempo. Todavía hay alguna gente que rechazan dejar atrás la distinción entre &lt;em&gt;fue/fué&lt;/em&gt; (pero creo que nadie con menos de 40 años anhela el regreso de aquella tilde). Y la vida sigue, pero más simplificada y sin confusión. Así será con los demostrativos y la palabra &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T05:09:04.783" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T05:09:04.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17610" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17611" CreationDate="2016-07-30T22:00:44.700" Score="7" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lyric from the wonderful song titled &lt;em&gt;Pasos de gigantes&lt;/em&gt; by Bacilos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo reir,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no puedo llorar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no puedo dejarte de recordar&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no puedo decirte nada que tu no sepas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question pertains to the line in bolded font.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that this translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can't stop remembering you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not understanding the Spanish construction of this. The logic in my brain tells me that this should translate to &quot;I can't stop you from remembering.&quot; Furthermore, my brain tells me that &quot;I can't stop from remembering you&quot; would be &quot;No puedo dejar de recordarte.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, of course my logic doesn't matter because my logic is that of a beginner in learning Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May someone help me to understand this construction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work with a native Spanish speaker from Venezuela, via the language learning service Verbling.com. Here's what she had to say about this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-no puedo dejarte de recordar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-no puedo dejar de recordarte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Both of the above have the exact same meaning: &quot;I can't stop&#xA;  remembering you.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;However, in the first case, emphasis is placed on &quot;stop&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the second case, emphasis is placed on &quot;remembering you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, this is just a matter of where the speaker wants to place emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="10965" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T16:55:08.270" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T11:50:14.953" Title="&quot;No puedo dejarte de recordar&quot;: to what does this translate, and why?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17610" CreationDate="2016-07-30T22:34:39.153" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the sentence is not well formed in Spanish as you stated in your question. The correct way would be &lt;code&gt;&quot;No puedo dejar de recordarte&quot;&lt;/code&gt; which translates to &lt;code&gt;&quot;I can't stop remembering you&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, this is a common way to phrase this sentence. Sometimes (a lot of times actually) people tend to append the &lt;code&gt;'te'&lt;/code&gt; suffix to the wrong word. For example, to say &lt;code&gt;&quot;He's getting ready to go to see you&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, people sometimes would say &lt;code&gt;&quot;El se está alistando para -irte- a ver&quot;&lt;/code&gt; where the correct way is &lt;code&gt;&quot;El se está alistando para ir a -verte-&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is so common that we (as Spanish speakers) have no problem to understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in short, the translation is &lt;code&gt;&quot;I can't stop remembering you&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and the lyrics are not entirely correct, I assume, to make it rhyme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13292" LastEditorUserId="13292" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T11:50:14.953" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T11:50:14.953" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17596" CreationDate="2016-07-30T22:42:41.637" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=biPx6YF&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Vez&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a noun for &lt;code&gt;&quot;time&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, like &lt;code&gt;&quot;Once upon a time&quot;&lt;/code&gt; translate to &lt;code&gt;&quot;Érase una vez&quot;&lt;/code&gt;; or &lt;code&gt;&quot;Two at a time&quot;&lt;/code&gt; translate into &lt;code&gt;&quot;Dos a la vez&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baOo6Gz&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Ves&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the present (indicative) form of the verb &lt;code&gt;&quot;Ver&quot;&lt;/code&gt; for the second person singular (&lt;code&gt;&quot;Tú&quot;&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;&quot;You&quot;&lt;/code&gt;). For example, &lt;code&gt;&quot;Tu ves&quot;&lt;/code&gt; translate into &lt;code&gt;&quot;You see&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;&quot;Ahora lo ves&quot;&lt;/code&gt; translate into &lt;code&gt;&quot;Now you see it&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it was a mistake of the person you were talking to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13292" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-07-31T16:47:56.963" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T16:47:56.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17610" CreationDate="2016-07-30T23:09:24.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something in my Spanish brain tells me that the sentence is not completely valid. I would write it as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo dejar de recordarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I couldn't tell why, but then I applied a small trick: I changed the auxiliary verb for a similar one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo pararte de recordar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this sentence is clearly wrong to me, as (once again) I would write it as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo parar de recordarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-te&lt;/em&gt; suffix is a complement that affects one verb, in this case &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt;. This kind of suffixes can be extracted and placed in other positions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te puedo dejar de recordar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; could affect both verbs (&lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt;), but only one option makes sense. If it were to affect &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt;, it would be something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te puedo dejar que recuerdes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No puedo dejarte que recuerdes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the second part of the sentence now has changed. This sentence would translate as &lt;em&gt;I cannot allow you to remember&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then, why the sentence in the lyrics? It could be that that sentence doesn't sound completely wrong, and the author used what I call a &lt;em&gt;poetic license&lt;/em&gt;, specially when the author tried to rhyme that verse with the previous one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T23:09:24.797" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17615" CreationDate="2016-07-31T13:44:47.717" Score="2" ViewCount="676" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy aprendiendo español, y es un poco difícil para mí pronunciar «tr-» como en «traer», y todavía más difícil pronunciar «-str-» como en «maestro». No tengo problemas con estos sonidos en inglés, mi lengua materna, pero la «r» vibrante del español es muy distinta de la aproximante del inglés. ¿Otras personas tienen esta misma dificultad? ¿Cómo pronunciarlas mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agradeceré que corrijan mi español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11591" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-07-31T14:07:26.777" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T17:51:32.280" Title="Pronunciar «tr-» y «-str-»" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17614" CreationDate="2016-07-31T14:05:04.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen many English-speakers have trouble with these consonant compounds, as the natural way to pronounce them in English is very different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are actually difficult to learn: kids tend to learn them later than most simple sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A trick (some) kids inadvertently use and may even be a step in &lt;em&gt;their&lt;/em&gt; learning is to add intermediate &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;s (or reduplicating another neighboring vowel): *&lt;em&gt;taraer&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;maestero&lt;/em&gt;. Not sure how these sound said by a foreign &lt;em&gt;adult&lt;/em&gt;, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T14:05:04.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17620" CreationDate="2016-07-31T17:38:02.737" Score="3" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lyric from the wonderful song titled &lt;em&gt;Pasos de gigantes&lt;/em&gt; by Bacilos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan solo puedo quedarme como un idiota,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pensando en cosas que me provoca&lt;/strong&gt; hacer contigo en islas perdidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question pertains to the line in bolded font.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the subject/verb agreement correct here? If the subject is plural (cosas), then shouldn't the verb be &lt;em&gt;me provoc&lt;strong&gt;an&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;me provoc&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that songs can be more liberal in adhering to grammar rules. However, this is still great learning experience. And fun, too!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I'm excited to have learned a use of &lt;em&gt;provocar&lt;/em&gt; to mean &lt;em&gt;to like&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to feel like doing something&lt;/em&gt;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me provoca comer = I feel like eating&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me provoca salir a bailar esta noche = I don't feel like going out&#xA;dancing tonight&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te provoca un café? = Would you like a coffee?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work with a native Spanish speaker from Venezuela, via the language learning service Verbling.com. Here's some additional info she shared about this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;provocarse = apetecer = to crave, to lust for, to really really want&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She very commonly has this usage of provocarse in her everyday speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She gave the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me provoca comerme un helado = I really want to eat me some icecream&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asked, why 'comerme' and not simply 'comer'. She answered, both are correct, 'comerme' adds emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T05:59:46.097" Title="Is this an example of incorrect subject/verb agreement?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17616" CreationDate="2016-07-31T17:46:28.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;provocar&lt;/em&gt; can also mean, according to the Spanish Academy of Language, &quot;Excitar en alguien el deseo sexual&quot; (so basically make someone feel sexual desire). I think that in your song this is the meaning given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pensando en cosas que me provoca hacer contigo en islas perdidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Thinking about things that sexually excite me to do with you in lost&#xA;  islands&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I don't find the sentence in Spanish completely right, there is something that just doesn't click so I don't know. I'm sorry!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T06:14:44.590" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T06:14:44.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17614" CreationDate="2016-07-31T17:51:32.280" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the easiest way to say these words is to find some in English with similar sounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of traer, you could try &quot;trial&quot;, (pronounced /traɪəl/) and take away the /ɪəl/ sound and add /er/, like in &quot;error&quot;. You would then get /traer/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T17:51:32.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17616" CreationDate="2016-07-31T18:18:13.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right. The subject/verb agreement should've been&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &lt;em&gt;pensando en cosas que me &lt;strong&gt;provocan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order for this to be &lt;em&gt;provoca&lt;/em&gt;, the sentence should've been&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &lt;em&gt;pensando en &lt;strong&gt;una cosa&lt;/strong&gt; que me &lt;strong&gt;provoca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Songs tend to do modifications in the lyrics. These changes have an effect on the grammar, understandable for Spanish native speakers but confusing for learners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, well spotted!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Te provoca un café?&lt;/em&gt; is not idiomatic. A more idiomatic way to state this is by saying &lt;em&gt;¿Te dan ganas de un café?&lt;/em&gt; In the same fashion: &lt;em&gt;me dan ganas de comer, no tengo ganas de salir a bailar esta noche.&lt;/em&gt; — &lt;strong&gt;provoca&lt;/strong&gt; is quite used as in English with the verb &lt;strong&gt;provoke&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T18:18:13.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17616" CreationDate="2016-07-31T19:14:07.980" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we reconstruct the sentence adding back &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt;, the result would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me provoca hacer cosas contigo en islas perdidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt; is the direct object of &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;. Its number doesn't need to match with &lt;em&gt;provoca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this usage of &lt;em&gt;me provoca&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;i feel like&lt;/em&gt; is regional and it may not be understood by everyone. It's listed in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UUqWrZ7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the official RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt; as being informal and pertaining to Colombia, El Salvador, and Venezuela, but it's also used at least in Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Col., El Salv. y Ven.&lt;/em&gt; Incitar el apetito, apetecer, gustar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2016-07-31T20:42:04.137" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T20:42:04.137" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-01T13:43:03.497" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo un libro me encuentro con lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &quot;¡Qué gran idea!&quot;, escribió otro de sus admiradores. &quot;Veremos si los políticos son lo bastante valientes para &lt;strong&gt;adoptarla.&quot; Los&lt;/strong&gt; colaboradores más prácticos propusieron hacer una recogida de firmas en su apoyo, (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte que me interesa es la que resalto en negrita, donde se cita una frase, se incluye ese punto en la cita, se cierran las comillas y se continúa con una nueva frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que sería incorrecto escribir un punto en la cita y otro tras las comillas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &quot;Veremos si los políticos son lo bastante valientes para &lt;strong&gt;adoptarla.&quot;. Los&lt;/strong&gt; colaboradores más prácticos propusieron hacer una recogida de firmas en su apoyo, (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me pregunto en qué casos sería correcto hacer lo contrario: escribir el punto tras cerrar la citación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &quot;Veremos si los políticos son lo bastante valientes para &lt;strong&gt;adoptarla&quot;. Los&lt;/strong&gt; colaboradores más prácticos propusieron hacer una recogida de firmas en su apoyo, (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T10:43:05.633" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:43:05.633" Title="¿Cuál es el criterio para los signos de puntuación dentro de citas?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-08-01T14:18:14.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17628" CreationDate="2016-08-01T16:37:36.843" Score="6" ViewCount="1547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning how to read and pronounce Spanish words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a few references that I've seen, it is said that the letter 'x' is pronounced  as [s] when it is before consonant as in word &lt;em&gt;excusar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However wherever I am listening to the audio of native speakers I always hear sound [ks], even in the audiotape that goes with the book that says that in this case it usually pronounced as [s].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is: is it really pronounced like [s] or is it in some way outdated or wrong way to pronounce it like that? (If it is a matter of dialect then I prefer Castilian.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13318" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T15:07:47.537" Title="Is pronunciation of letter 'x' before consonant as [s] is obsolete?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2016-08-01T17:33:53.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo oía esta palabra en Costa Rica hace años.  Yo creía que significaba la palabra inglesa &quot;twenties,&quot; como los billetes de veinte dólares.  Yo siempre la entendía como, “I feel as good as twenty bucks!”  (&lt;em&gt;Yo me siento tan bueno como un billete de veinte dólares&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13320" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T19:31:27.127" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T19:31:27.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17651" CreationDate="2016-08-01T17:39:21.703" Score="0" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo identificar la parte en negrita desde el punto de vista sintáctico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los transeúntes que se cruzaban con él miraban siempre al frente y&#xA;  nadie hacía el menor intento por encarar su rostro, &lt;strong&gt;algo del todo&#xA;  inimaginable en aquella ciudad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que es una oración simple, una oración aclaratoria (si existe algo así).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T09:50:10.970" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T18:42:48.410" Title="Sintácticamente, ¿qué es &quot;algo del todo inimaginable en aquella ciudad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17623" CreationDate="2016-08-01T17:57:39.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The real sound of 'x' is [ks], excusar is pronounced with [ks].&#xA;However there are some people that pronounce it as [s] words like, indeed excusar, excepción ('xc' like [s] at least in latinamerica), texto, etc. etc. But that's non standard spanish. It's even considered vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be that castilian tends to pronounce 'x' as [s].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can take a look &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.forvo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;to this web site&lt;/a&gt; and search words with 'x' before consonant. Listen their pronunciation and compare(You can see where the speaker is from).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some other regional cases 'x' can sound like [ʃ] and [x], but that's not your question..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="13218" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T18:11:48.827" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T18:11:48.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17623" CreationDate="2016-08-01T18:09:45.763" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There may be big differences in different regions, so just for the record this answer accounts for European Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, Spanish tends to unfavor two consonants in syllable-final position, so words as &lt;em&gt;transporte&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;extracto&lt;/em&gt; tend to be pronounced as /trasporte/ or /estracto/ in relaxed pronunciation, because of the clusters /ns/ and /ks/ being troublesome in a coda position. Hence why &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YqFgJ9V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sustrato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;substrato&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aMTPPtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;traspirar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;transpirar&lt;/em&gt;,  have already made it into the DRAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is pronounced as a /ks/ with the two consonants falling on different syllables, which doesn't present any problem. However, when another consonant follows the &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;, and because &lt;em&gt;s + consonant&lt;/em&gt; isn't possible in an onset position in Spanish, the &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; are grouped together, resulting in the first of them being dropped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disagree that's not how people speak, or that it sounds vulgar. I've actually heard it quite often when people are just not putting too much thought into their diction because the context doesn't require them to do so. Thus, even though the &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; pronounced as a /ks/ is predominant in Latin America, in Spain the /s/ pronunciation is the norm when followed by a consonant, as the following excerpt from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; points out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;. 2 c. In syllable-final position and followed by a consonant, it is pronounced as /ks/ or /gs/ in American Spanish: &lt;em&gt;excusa&lt;/em&gt; [ekskúsa, egskúsa], &lt;em&gt;extremo&lt;/em&gt; [ekstrémo, egstrémo]; but in Spain, even though in educated and emphatic speech the pronunciation is the same as the American one, the most widespread pronunciation is /s/:  &lt;em&gt;exponer&lt;/em&gt; [esponér], &lt;em&gt;exfoliante&lt;/em&gt; [esfoliánte].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="13318" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T15:07:47.537" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T15:07:47.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="704" CreationDate="2016-08-02T00:47:57.080" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español no tiene &lt;em&gt;phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt;, pero en Chile sí tenemos y son propios nuestro (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;echar abajo&lt;/em&gt; (take down)) y es separable de igual manera. Otro ejemplo es &lt;em&gt;tomar por encima&lt;/em&gt; (take over) que tambien es separable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo dependerá del país en que se encuentre. Sin embargo, el ejemplo &quot;Facebook saldra un la bolsa&quot; tiene un error ortográfico terrible. Esa frase no existe de esa forma, pero sí se puede implementar de otra forma como por ejemplo &quot;saldrá un nuevo accionista en Facebook&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sea, el español no tiene &lt;em&gt;phrasal verbs&lt;/em&gt; excepto el de Chile que tiene por millones al igual que el inglés y son oficiales nuestros, de ningún otro país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13325" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T06:13:55.563" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T06:13:55.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17645" CreationDate="2016-08-02T08:14:27.297" Score="11" ViewCount="6061" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is quite common to use the hypocoristic &lt;em&gt;Paco&lt;/em&gt; to refer to the people with the name &lt;em&gt;Francisco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that? &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; states that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Spanish, people with the name Francisco sometimes are nicknamed&#xA;  &quot;Paco&quot;: San Francisco de Asís was known as Pater Comunitatis (The&#xA;  Community father) when he founded the Franciscan order, &quot;Paco&quot; is a&#xA;  short form of &quot;Pater Comunitatis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is no reference to this fact and I wonder if this is another built-up story related to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15462/1674&quot;&gt;¿Por qué Pepe es equivalente a José?&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;em&gt;Pater Putativus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, as seen in comments, that also &lt;em&gt;Pacho&lt;/em&gt; (in Colombia) and &lt;em&gt;Pancho&lt;/em&gt; (in Chile, among others) are used as hypocoristics to Francisco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T11:04:13.417" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T11:04:13.417" Title="Why is &quot;Paco&quot; the equivalent of &quot;Francisco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2016-08-02T15:15:55.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista en español el punto se pone después del cierre de las comillas. Porque el punto representa el fin de la oración, y no el fin de la frase citada entre comillas. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitarán comprar el libro “psicología básica”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en este caso pusiéramos el punto antes del cierre de comillas la oración se quedara sin finalizar (con punto), por decirlo de alguna forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesitarán comprar el libro “psicología básica.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta forma no tiene sentido porque la comilla de cierre también forma parte de la oración mientras que se está quedando fuera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13240" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T15:15:55.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17551" CreationDate="2016-08-02T15:35:36.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el caso de The Rolling Stones no lo veo complicado teniendo en cuenta que el artículo &quot;The&quot; forma parte del nombre de la banda, así que no habría que doblar el artículo y quedaría de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta escuchar a The Rolling Stones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta escuchar The Rolling Stones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo para el caso del Het Parool se puede usar de las dos formas, añadiendo o no el nuevo artículo, por lo que es correcto decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta leer el Het Parool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;teniendo en cuenta que el artículo &quot;el&quot; se puede estar refiriendo a &quot;el periódico&quot;. Así, es como si estuviéramos diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta leer el (periódico) Het Parool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual no se cumple para el caso de The Rolling Stone ya que no podemos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta escuchar los (grupo) The Rolling Stones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta escuchar los (banda) Rolling Stones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna de estas dos últimas formas es correcta porque vemos que pierde sentido la oración, pero la última es menos correcta aún porque estamos quitándole parte del nombre a la banda (el artículo &quot;The&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión: Para cada caso y cada idioma tendríamos que analizar cada uno de estos detalles analizados anteriormente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si el artículo forma parte del nombre original o no, para saber si se puede suprimir o agregar el nuevo en nuestra lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si añadiendo el nuevo artículo en español (en este caso) no perdería sentido la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entre otros elementos a tener en cuenta que pueden existir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13240" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T15:35:36.957" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T17:49:33.083" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi libro de gramática española dice que en la lengua escrita es normal usar el subjuntivo imperfecto después de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;después de que&lt;/em&gt;, aunque la acción de la oración subordinada expresa un hecho acaecido. Estaba buscando un ejemplo para ilustrar lo dicho arriba y encontré esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fuerzas de seguridad &quot;están pendientes&quot; &lt;strong&gt;después de que el Estado Islámico mencionara a Toledo en un vídeo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldigitalcastillalamancha.es/la-policia-esta-pendiente-despues-de-que-el-estado-islamico-mencionara-a-toledo-en-un-video-207196.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.eldigitalcastillalamancha.es/la-policia-esta-pendiente-despues-de-que-el-estado-islamico-mencionara-a-toledo-en-un-video-207196.htm&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me podríais decir por favor si lo que pienso es correcto o no. La ciudad española ya ha sido mencionada, entonces la acción representa un hecho realizado ¿verdad? ¿Sería posible utilizar el indefinido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fuerzas de seguridad &quot;están pendientes&quot; después de que el Estado Islámico &lt;strong&gt;mencionó&lt;/strong&gt; a Toledo en un vídeo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T17:49:33.083" Title="Después de que + subjuntivo imperfecto en la lengua escrita" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-08-04T06:03:58.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17641" CreationDate="2016-08-02T18:27:02.230" Score="3" ViewCount="11982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to understand the meaning of chiqueada, as told to me by my girlfriend in a loving manner. She used it as, &quot;me siento como una niña chiqueada&quot;. I know it implies something like a young girl? Or maybe baby girl? Or maybe like a pampered girl?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it helps, she's from Mexico, so I'm looking specifically more for definitions from that part of the world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T14:39:06.763" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T02:50:15.173" Title="Meaning of &quot;chiqueada&quot;" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17638" CreationDate="2016-08-02T18:56:34.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;chiqueado, chiqueada. adj. (De un niño) 1. Mimado. || 2. Malcriado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://tajit.memberclicks.net/assets/documents/diccionario%20breve%20de%20mexicanismos%20segun%20guido%20gomez%20de%20silva.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario breve de mexicanismos, Guido Gómez de Silva&lt;/a&gt;, p. 55.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13252" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T02:08:07.940" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T02:08:07.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17638" CreationDate="2016-08-02T20:02:32.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chiqueado, chiqueada in México means 'spoiled' in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T14:42:07.217" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T14:42:07.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17638" CreationDate="2016-08-02T20:03:38.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;chiqueada&quot; for she or &quot;chiqueado&quot; for him, means when a child receives a lot of attention: like gifts, food, candies, surprises, love etc. In your context this is good and we Mexican girls like to be &quot;chiqueadas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13330" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T21:58:06.067" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T21:58:06.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17437" CreationDate="2016-08-02T21:32:05.783" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las palabras no se eliminan &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;. Solo por desuso las palabras que salen del diccionario se transfieren al &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que es un diccionario de diccionarios, tal y como se describe en la propia página de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo las muy antiguas, &quot;en general anteriores al siglo XVI&quot;, según explica la máxima autoridad de la academia, Blecua, pueden pasar del diccionario general al histórico, pero siguen estando. Su desuso tiene que comprobarse en largos períodos de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, se pueden eliminar definiciones de palabras como se hizo con:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;FEMENINO. Débil, endeble.&#xA;MASCULINO. Varonil, enérgico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A eso se refiere con la supresión de artículos o acepciones ya existentes.&#xA;Te paso un par de páginas con mas información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2012/08/120802_cultura_palabras_dicccionario_rae_judiada_rechazo_retiro_jrg.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Se pueden eliminar palabras de la Real Academia de la Lengua?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2013/12/24/la-rae-elimina-acepciones-machistas/#.V6EO6bgrI2w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La RAE elimina acepciones machistas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T06:22:04.857" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:22:04.857" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17631" CreationDate="2016-08-03T12:48:42.957" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Amando de Miguel briefly states some theories in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/amando-de-miguel/onomastica-31350/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;. I tend to favour the one pointing at the abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;Phranciscus&lt;/em&gt; (the latinised version of Francisco de Asís's nickname) as &lt;em&gt;Ph.co&lt;/em&gt; in signs and inscriptions. This explains &lt;em&gt;Paco&lt;/em&gt; which, relaxing the /k/ sound, becomes &lt;em&gt;Pacho&lt;/em&gt; and, mixing this with the original n in the full name, gives &lt;em&gt;Pancho&lt;/em&gt;. Versions in other language, such as the Aragonese &lt;em&gt;Francho&lt;/em&gt; or the Italian &lt;em&gt;Franco&lt;/em&gt;, can be explained also through abbreviation, including or not the relaxation of the /k/ sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The blog post &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alsurdelafrontera.es/2015/02/como-se-llega-de-francisco-a-paco/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Cómo se llega de Francisco a Paco?&lt;/a&gt; expands a bit on the explanation, adding an interesting parallel between the proposed &lt;em&gt;Ph.co&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Phco&lt;/em&gt; and the current &lt;em&gt;Fco.&lt;/em&gt;, which we use in names such as &lt;em&gt;Francisco Javier&lt;/em&gt; (usually abbreviated nowadays as &lt;em&gt;Fco. Javier&lt;/em&gt; in writing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T06:55:05.220" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T06:55:05.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17631" CreationDate="2016-08-03T16:58:46.530" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In brief: I think the evolution from Francisco to Paco, Pacho and Pancho obeys the same mechanisms observed in other hipocorystics, probably related to child pronunciation or imitation of this one for emotional reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Chilean examples, there are other hypocoristics where a &lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt; is changed by a &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al&lt;strong&gt;f&lt;/strong&gt;onso - &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;oncho &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;elipe - &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;ipe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jose&lt;strong&gt;f&lt;/strong&gt;a - Che&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;rancisco - &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;ancho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And where the &lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt; sound is deleted or replaced:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Federico - &lt;del&gt;Rico&lt;/del&gt; - Quico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mercedes - &lt;del&gt;Merche&lt;/del&gt; - Meche&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beatriz - &lt;del&gt;Betri&lt;/del&gt; - Beti&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patricio - &lt;del&gt;Patro&lt;/del&gt; - Pato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Victoria - &lt;del&gt;Toria&lt;/del&gt; - Toya&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sergio - &lt;del&gt;Chercho&lt;/del&gt; - Checho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Francisco - &lt;del&gt;Fraco&lt;/del&gt; - Paco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in which the word length is shortened to &lt;strong&gt;two syllables&lt;/strong&gt; (this includes all the previous examples):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Florencio - Floro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alejandro - Jano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eduardo - Yayo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vicente - Vicho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rodrigo - Rorro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Francisco - Paco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And where the accent position in the word shortened is changed to the &lt;strong&gt;first syllable&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalina - Cata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José - Cote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gabriel - Gabo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Victoria - Viqui&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mauricio - Mauro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T22:58:24.277" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T22:58:24.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17647" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17648" CreationDate="2016-08-03T19:26:00.903" Score="1" ViewCount="1006" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un libro de gramática española dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Precisamente esta significación de simultaneidad provoca que entre el&#xA;  verbo principal y el de la subordinada adverbial haya una relación de&#xA;  correlación temporal. El presente en el verbo principal exige la forma&#xA;  presente en el subordinado; la forma de pretérito en el verbo&#xA;  principal exige el pretérito en el subordinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os doy dos ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Me &lt;strong&gt;sonrojo&lt;/strong&gt; cuando me &lt;strong&gt;miras&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Me &lt;strong&gt;sonrojé&lt;/strong&gt; cuando me &lt;strong&gt;miró&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré otro ejemplo en que el verbo de la principal va en pretérito mientras el de la subordinada va en presente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando tu &lt;strong&gt;vas&lt;/strong&gt; yo ya &lt;strong&gt;fui&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;vine&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;regresé&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora me pregunto si este ejemplo es el único ejemplo (porque es un dicho) o tengo que poner en duda la regla de arriba? ¿Se os ocurre algún otro ejemplo similar con dos diferentes tiempos verbales? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T06:23:44.523" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:23:44.523" Title="Correlación temporal en las oraciones con &quot;cuando&quot;" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17647" CreationDate="2016-08-03T20:09:30.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ese ejemplo los verbos pueden tener tiempos diferentes porque las acciones a las que se hace referencia no son simultáneas. En los primeros ejemplos sí lo son: la persona se sonroja en el mismo momento en el que la otra lo mira. Sin embargo, en el segundo ejemplo no: cuando una persona hace una cosa (ir), la otra ya ha hecho otra (regresar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vosotros dormís, yo ya me he despertado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T20:09:30.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17638" CreationDate="2016-08-04T02:44:37.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Giddy&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;: playful and silly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;: feeling or showing great happiness and joy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading the word, &amp;quot;chiqueada&amp;quot; in context, it seems to me that &amp;quot;giddy&amp;quot; is the closest translation I can come up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I began to flirt with her she began to act like a giddy school girl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that this is a close translation because it seems to match the gender of your &amp;quot;chiqueada&amp;quot;.  I have only ever heard the word &amp;quot;giddy&amp;quot; used with women.  A giddy school boy would have a different name, and it probably would be against the rules to post it or describe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I hear the word &amp;quot;giddy&amp;quot; I think of playful laughing by from a group of girls; gossiping and giggling, usually over boys they are interested in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, if the word &amp;quot;giddy&amp;quot; doesn't quite express what you're asking, then perhaps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Giggly&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would suffice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T02:50:15.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17650" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17685" CreationDate="2016-08-04T06:50:28.480" Score="5" ViewCount="2399" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de la publicación en Meta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2495/1674&quot;&gt;¡Ordenemos las etiquetas!&lt;/a&gt; estoy mirando qué conceptos son equivalentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De entre ellos, uno que me pica bastante la curiosidad es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;modismos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;frases idiomáticas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expresión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;idiomático&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expresiones fijas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El debate sobre las etiquetas está ceñido al ámbito de Meta, pero gramáticamente, ¿es lo mismo &lt;em&gt;modismo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;frase idiomática&lt;/em&gt;? Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;frase idiomática&lt;/em&gt; viene del inglés &lt;em&gt;idiom&lt;/em&gt;, cuya traducción es &lt;em&gt;modismo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=idiom&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según WordReference&lt;/a&gt;. ¿Es así en todos los casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su momento vimos que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17128/1674&quot;&gt;refrán y proverbio son diferentes&lt;/a&gt; pese a que la RAE indica que son sinónimos. No sé si ocurre lo mismo aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la relación del &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PUlqsDD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;modismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HL12F3g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;expresión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, veo que un modismo no deja de ser un tipo de expresión; en concreto, una expresión fija. Esto me lleva a ver que &lt;a href=&quot;http://elies.rediris.es/elies6/cap2353.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las expresiones fijas son&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;locuciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expresiones idiomáticas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;modismos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que tira un poco por tierra el hecho de que expresión/frase idiomática sea sinónimo de modismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:54:09.380" Title="¿Es lo mismo un modismo que una frase idiomática? ¿Y una expresión fija?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17625" CreationDate="2016-08-04T18:42:48.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que el fragmento resaltado no puede ser una oración porque no contiene un verbo conjugado. Se trata de un sintagma nominal con función de &lt;strong&gt;aposición explicativa&lt;/strong&gt;. El nombre al que complementa la aposición (&lt;em&gt;El hecho de que los transeúntes que se cruzaban con él miraran siempre al frente y que nadie hiciera el menor intento por encarar su rostro&lt;/em&gt;) no es fácilmente identificable en términos sintácticos. De hecho, la Nueva gramática comenta brevemente el problema de la aposición sin referente nominal claro a la hora de analizar la sintaxis de una oración en la sección &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QMlzPSbWzERkTNTU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;12.15e&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12.15e&lt;/strong&gt; La relación atributiva que se establece en las aposiciones explicativas puede ser algo más compleja, sobre todo cuando el elemento nominal al que se atribuye cierta propiedad no constituye un segmento sintáctico de la oración. Así, el grupo nominal que encabeza el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;estilo&lt;/em&gt; en el texto que sigue se predica de &lt;em&gt;cubismo&lt;/em&gt;, pero ese sustantivo no aparece (en esa forma) en el fragmento que lo precede: &lt;em&gt;Jaime Colson fue un cubista auténtico, estilo desde el cual hizo prevalecer el reino de la técnica&lt;/em&gt; (Artes 04/2003). De forma análoga, este otro texto contiene un grupo nominal apositivo encabezado por el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;tarea&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Desempeñó la presidencia de la Empresa Carbonífera Schwager, tarea sumamente difícil&lt;/em&gt; (CREA oral, Chile). Sin embargo, dicho grupo nominal no se predica de &lt;em&gt;presidencia&lt;/em&gt;, sino de una noción proposicional que no se presenta aquí en forma nominal u oracional: la acción de desempeñar la presidencia de cierta empresa. Sobre aposiciones explicativas como las encabezadas por &lt;em&gt;cosa que...&lt;/em&gt; y otras semejantes, véase el §44.3ñ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El apartado &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMXfFjyDXQPvkJfI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;§44.3ñ&lt;/a&gt; al que nos remite el fragmento anterior no aporta mucha más información, aparte de comentar que las proposiciones encabezados por &lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt; se aproximan más a relativas libres o semilibres que a explicativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, parece que has dado con una construcción no del todo clara desde el punto de vista sintáctico. La Nueva gramática se queda en &lt;strong&gt;aposición explicativa&lt;/strong&gt;, y la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aposici%C3%B3n#Aposici.C3.B3n_del_sustantivo_a_la_frase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; la describe como un caso de &lt;strong&gt;aposición a la frase&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T18:42:48.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17653" CreationDate="2016-08-04T21:34:07.527" Score="7" ViewCount="2922" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que el origen de la letra &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; viene del grupo &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt;, ya que al duplicarse la letra n se cambiaba la pronunciación. Con el tiempo, y para economizar, los copistas comenzaron a representar el grupo &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; con una única &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; y una tilde encima que indicaba la duplicidad. Sin embargo, la duplicación de la &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; y de la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; también da lugar a sonidos diferentes, pero no se crearon las grafías &lt;em&gt;r̃&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;l̃&lt;/em&gt; en nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce el motivo de esta discriminación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T09:39:25.707" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T09:39:25.707" Title="Si existe la ñ, ¿por qué no la r̃ o la l̃?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17652" CreationDate="2016-08-04T23:03:02.717" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En manuscritos medievales, la tilde, o, más bien, la raya horizontal sobre la letra precedente, no indicaba la duplicación una letra, sino una &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; omitida¹. Por eso hoy se usa en varios idiomas, como el portugués, para indicar nasalización. Es uno de los pocos signos de abreviación medievales que sobreviven (aunque no con la función original).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ Nota: la línea horizontal y la tilde se usaban también como marcas de abreviación genéricas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que yo sepa, no había marcas de abreviación para letras dobles, o para &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt;, y si las había, probablemente no serían muy usadas. El acusativo singular y el genitivo plural del latín (terminación en &lt;code&gt;-m&lt;/code&gt; en casi todas las declinaciones) hacen a una abreviación de &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; algo muy útil y muy usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poco más de información: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation#Marks_with_independent_meaning&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation#Marks_with_independent_meaning&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agrego una traducción al inglés que encontré online del libro italiano en el que se basa parcialmente el artículo de Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/1821/47cappelli.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The elements of abbreviation in medieval Latin paleography&lt;/em&gt;, de Adriano Capelli&lt;/a&gt; (PDF).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T23:42:54.463" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T23:42:54.463" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17605" CreationDate="2016-08-05T02:30:43.853" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/clasicos/quijote/introduccion/apendice/gutierrez.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El apéndice al &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt; titulado &quot;La lengua del &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt;: rasgos generales&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, de Juan Gutierrez Cuadrado, que se halla en el Centro Virtual Cervantes, menciona &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/clasicos/quijote/introduccion/apendice/gutierrez02.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12.9.&lt;/strong&gt; La segunda persona de plural de los tiempos verbales tenía en&#xA;  latín una -t- que había evolucionado a -d- en castellano medieval.&#xA;  Desde muy temprano, en las formas con acentuación llana la -d- se&#xA;  perdió: &lt;em&gt;amades&lt;/em&gt; pasó pronto a &lt;em&gt;amáis&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;temedes&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;teméis&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo,&#xA;  esta evolución fue más lenta en los tiempos esdrújulos. En estos&#xA;  todavía en el Siglo de Oro se conserva la -d- &amp;lt; -t- etimológica&#xA;  medieval: &lt;em&gt;aguardábades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alcanzáredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alcanzásedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amábades&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;érades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estuviésedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fuérades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habíades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hubiérades&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;hubiéredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;íbades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;podíades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pudiéredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pusiéredes&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;quedásedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quisiéredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quisiésedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;supiérades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;supiésedes&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;tardáredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;temíades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;teníades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tocárades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veríades&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;viéredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;volviéredes&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12.10.&lt;/strong&gt; Una representación ya escasa (arcaísmo evidente, como se desprende de&#xA;  lo que hemos indicado en el punto anterior) es la de las formas de la&#xA;  segunda persona de plural de los tiempos no esdrújulos que conservan&#xA;  la -d-: &lt;em&gt;acuitedes&lt;/em&gt; (que alterna con &lt;em&gt;acuitéis&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;fuyades&lt;/em&gt; (que alterna con &lt;em&gt;fuyáis&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;habedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hayades&lt;/em&gt; (que alterna con &lt;em&gt;hayáis&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;ides&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;mostredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;queredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sepades&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;veredes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es propio de un solo tiempo verbal sino que corresponde a la terminación, ya que &lt;em&gt;veredes&lt;/em&gt; equivaldría a &lt;em&gt;veréis&lt;/em&gt; (futuro del indicativo), &lt;em&gt;fuyades&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;huyáis&lt;/em&gt; (presente del subjuntivo), &lt;em&gt;teníades&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;teníais&lt;/em&gt; (pasado del indicativo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Más información al respecto se puede hallar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Formas_verbales_arcaicas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; y en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=I_AQB4mWNv8C&amp;amp;pg=PA99#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en su edición de 1781.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T17:59:43.477" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T17:59:43.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17658" CreationDate="2016-08-05T06:22:33.713" Score="5" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing some kind of motivational letter for my volunteer service in Colombia. Though my Spanish skills are only on a beginner's level, I try my best to explain my motivation in Spanish. Therefore I want to include  in the letter my thought of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to be part of something bigger than myself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt would be a &quot;word by word&quot; translation. Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quiero formar parte de algo mayor que me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure about using &quot;que&quot; or &quot;como&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I say this in Spanish? Please keep in mind that I am a newbie and can't phrase &quot;complex&quot; sentences. Thanks for your help in advance! :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13336" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T01:14:19.380" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T01:14:19.380" Title="How can I say &quot;I want to be part of something bigger than myself&quot; in (beginner level) Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17779" CreationDate="2016-08-05T09:48:28.627" Score="3" ViewCount="4358" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si lo he entendido bien, se puede utilizar el presente después de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; si se trata de de costumbres o acciones habituales, por ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; tiempo saco a pasear al perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora lo que necesito es modificar la misma frase para demostrar que también se puede usar el subjuntivo (con la diferencia de que ahorita se trata de un periodo de tiempo indeterminado). Mi duda es: ¿tengo que usar el futuro en la frase principal o puedo dejar el verbo en presente? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Cuando tenga tiempo &lt;strong&gt;sacaré&lt;/strong&gt; a pasear al perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Cuando tenga tiempo &lt;strong&gt;saco&lt;/strong&gt; a pasear al perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T10:04:51.593" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T10:06:47.947" Title="En el uso de &quot;cuando&quot; con referencia al futuro, ¿tengo que usar el futuro en la frase principal o puedo dejar el verbo en presente?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17655" CreationDate="2016-08-05T10:22:35.460" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest three corrections, in order of descending importance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; is wrong here. In Spanish, the second term of the comparison uses the nominative case, not the dative (oh, yes, cases still exist in personal pronouns). So the right form here is &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish, we tend to forgo the subject when it is already known or easily deductable, unless we want to be emphatic. This is not the case, so a Spanish speaker would do without the initial &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While the comparative for &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt; is usually &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt;, in this case I would go for the alternative &lt;em&gt;más grande&lt;/em&gt; (the DPD has an &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=mN2nYQ9j3D6Q8D8X0F#22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; on it, though I think it is not too clear).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, my suggestion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero formar parte de algo &lt;em&gt;más grande&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, DGaleano's comment in this answer (and the upvotes suggest he is not the only one thinking so) suggests that &lt;em&gt;ser parte&lt;/em&gt; is preferred to &lt;em&gt;formar parte&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia, so you may want to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; parte de algo &lt;em&gt;más grande&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T12:59:54.037" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:59:54.037" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17655" CreationDate="2016-08-05T10:24:52.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;To say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to be part of something bigger than myself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your attempt is almost correct. Since &lt;em&gt;myself&lt;/em&gt; translates to &lt;em&gt;yo mismo&lt;/em&gt;, you would write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quiero formar parte de algo mayor que &lt;s&gt;me&lt;/s&gt; &lt;strong&gt;yo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the &lt;em&gt;yo quiero&lt;/em&gt; form doesn't sound like the best approach for a motivation letter. Instead, as you are applying in Colombia where manners are very important, use a softer approach like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; formar parte de algo mayor que yo mismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, &lt;em&gt;algo mayor que yo&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit strange because it somehow seems to relate to size or age. I would then go for some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría formar parte de algo importante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even better using &lt;em&gt;ser parte&lt;/em&gt;, which is the way they use this expression in Colombia (source: DGaleano in comments):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me gustaría ser parte de algo importante/grande&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which itself doesn't have much substantial meaning, but neither did the original sentence in English had :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:47:45.837" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:47:45.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17655" CreationDate="2016-08-05T20:27:38.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would dive in and use the subjunctive. For Spanish speakers the natural tense for wishes desires dreams or aspirations is the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera ser parte de algo más grande que yo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T20:27:38.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17661" CreationDate="2016-08-05T23:06:09.520" Score="1" ViewCount="981" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta la siguiente oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El canal ya no emite con ese formato en las noticias. Cámbialo. &lt;strong&gt;Va a parecer viejo sino.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, por el contrario, ¿es lo correcto utilizar 'si no'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Va a parecer viejo si no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6995" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T10:28:30.750" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T10:28:30.750" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;sino&quot; al final de una oración?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17660" CreationDate="2016-08-06T00:46:13.880" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sino&lt;/em&gt; es una conjunción adversativa, mientras que &lt;em&gt;si no&lt;/em&gt; es una secuencia conformada por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; seguida del adverbio de negación &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; y que en este caso significa &quot;de lo contrario&quot; o &quot;de otra forma&quot;. En la frase que mencionas tiene este último sentido, pues puede decirse: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Cámbialo. De lo contrario, parecerá viejo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Cámbialo. Si no (lo haces), parecerá viejo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o demás construcciones por el estilo. El hecho de que esté al final en la frase no significa que deba escribirse diferente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt; tiene un &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sino&quot;&gt;artículo que explica el uso de &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-08-06T00:46:13.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-06T03:39:32.347" Score="1" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English the lumbar region of the back is known as &quot;the small of the back.&quot; Besides &quot;región lumbar&quot;, does Spanish also have a non-technical term for this part of the body?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12145" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T08:57:48.893" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T19:20:52.943" Title="How to say &quot;small of the back&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17664" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17665" CreationDate="2016-08-06T19:20:36.470" Score="3" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we have different schools of thought on whether or not to use &amp;quot;double punctuation&amp;quot; at the end of a sentence.  &lt;em&gt;(See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thepunctuationguide.com/terminal-points.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Terminal Points&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for a good chart that will help you abide by at least one school of thought in English.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing that punctuation conventions differ from one language to another, what is standard punctuation in Spanish as it relates to sentences that end with abbreviated words ending in a period?  For example, should I write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿De dónde es Ud.?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿De dónde es Ud?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along these same lines, what is the standard for parenthetical punctuation?  Examples below are from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English Language &amp;amp; Usage StackExchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/232066/should-i-use-double-punctuation-inside-and-outside-parentheses&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Should I use double punctuation inside and outside parentheses? [duplicate]&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honor your creativity and write down anything that comes to mind (no matter how silly!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honor your creativity and write down anything that comes to mind (no matter how silly!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and from &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/61579/where-does-the-question-mark-go-inside-or-outside-the-parentheses&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Where does the question mark go — inside or outside the parentheses?&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tripped over this morning. I was distracted by a plane (or was it Superman?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or was it Superman?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or was it Superman)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you happen to know of a good resource (online or print, free or for purchase) that addresses punctuation conventions in Spanish, please include it in your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-07T11:14:28.720" Title="Is double punctuation acceptable in standard Spanish?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17664" CreationDate="2016-08-06T19:51:04.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I'm no print, online, or for purchase resource but I can say this: in your example, the period next to &quot;Ud&quot; is an abbreviation mark more than punctuation. Punctuation would be periods, commas, and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard Spanish, no matter what region, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanish.about.com/od/writtenspanish/a/punctuation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;uses the same punctuation conventions&lt;/a&gt; as English and a majority of other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that means your 'period' at the end of usted needs to be included, or else it just becomes the word &quot;Ud&quot; which doesn't exist. However British and American English disagree on this type of &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/point-after-mr-mrs-miss-ms.2238203/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dis-including&lt;/a&gt; in proper names. Note that it's always a good idea to include the period as it makes it more clear it's an abbreviation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(thepunctuationguide.com has a good reference on how to use parentheses in English, so that might help you discern more about Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13357" LastActivityDate="2016-08-06T19:51:04.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17664" CreationDate="2016-08-07T11:14:28.720" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend checking out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD article&lt;/a&gt; on periods. Section 3.2 answers your second question (emphasis added):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2. No debe escribirse punto tras los signos de cierre de interrogación o de exclamación, aunque con ellos termine el enunciado; está, pues, incorrectamente puntuada la secuencia siguiente: &lt;em&gt;¿Quieres darte prisa?. ¡Vamos a llegar tarde por tu culpa!. Pero ¿se puede saber qué estás haciendo?.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Solo debe escribirse punto si tras los signos de interrogación o de exclamación hay paréntesis o comillas de cierre: &lt;em&gt;Se puso a gritar como un loco (¡vaya genio que tiene el amigo!).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the correctly punctuated sentences would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haz honor a tu creatividad y escribe lo que sea que se te venga a la mente (¡no importa/da igual lo bobo que sea!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana tropecé y me caí. Me distrajo un avión (¿o fue Supermán?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I didn't find anything regarding your first question, either on the DPD or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=hGoAIOYKzzFbHNIb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva ortografía&lt;/em&gt; (§3.4.9.3)&lt;/a&gt;, but I'd definitely go with &lt;em&gt;¿De dónde es Ud.?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a real life example, see the following excerpt by the Spanish well-known author Benito Pérez Galdós:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;– ¿De modo que ya se han explicado Uds.? –preguntó Horacio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pérez Galdós, Benito (c 1872). &lt;em&gt;Rosalía.&lt;/em&gt; Retrieved from &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-07T11:14:28.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17669" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17670" CreationDate="2016-08-07T15:19:26.230" Score="6" ViewCount="1616" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde hace mucho tiempo me ha llamado la atención el hecho de que en muchos de nuestros idiomas vecinos (catalán, francés, italiano, rumano) la palabra para designar a la ventana sea un derivado directo del latín &lt;em&gt;fenestram&lt;/em&gt;. En cambio, el español se decantó por un derivado de &lt;em&gt;ventus&lt;/em&gt;, viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprovechando que hoy en día tenemos multitud de recursos, me puse a investigar en primer lugar si nuestro idioma dispone de algún derivado propio de &lt;em&gt;fenestram&lt;/em&gt;. Y resulta que no tiene uno, sino tres: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HkVC8MB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fenestra&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hy3UIU2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;finiestra&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KQ27I05&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hiniestra&lt;/a&gt;. Todos ellos en desuso y sinónimos de ventana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que los términos están, obviamente, en desuso, me puse a buscar en qué momento estuvieron en uso, y ahí vino la sorpresa. Buscando cualquiera de ellos en el mapa de diccionarios, viene que ya en la edición de 1780 estaban todos en desuso. Luego acudí al &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuevo Tesoro Lexicográfico&lt;/a&gt; y busqué los términos, y encontré algunas referencias. El diccionario de autoridades de 1734 también menciona el desuso de los términos. El de Nebrija de 1495 recoge &quot;hiniestra&quot; como &quot;fenestra&quot;, y &quot;ventana&quot; como &quot;fenestra&quot; también, mientras que el de 1516 recoge &quot;hiniestra&quot; o &quot;ventana&quot; como &quot;fenestra&quot;. Parece que en el siglo XV ya existían las ventanas pero el término mayoritario era &lt;em&gt;fenestra&lt;/em&gt;. El CORDE arroja usos de la palabra ventana como muy pronto en 1356, y además en un texto que define &quot;finiestra&quot; como &quot;ventana&quot;, con lo que me vuelvo a quedar como estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras todo esto, no me queda claro cuál de los términos fue mayoritario en cada momento, y desde cuándo están en desuso los derivados de &lt;em&gt;fenestram&lt;/em&gt;. Así pues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿El término &quot;ventana&quot; ha sido siempre el mayoritario en el idioma español?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En qué momento cayeron en desuso palabras como &lt;em&gt;fenestra&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;finiestra&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se derivó &quot;ventana&quot; de &lt;em&gt;ventus&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más bonus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Derivados de &lt;em&gt;fenestram&lt;/em&gt; que aún tienen vigencia en el español de hoy: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C22zoYJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;defenestrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, arrojar a alguien por la ventana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T07:48:49.893" LastActivityDate="2020-04-08T06:22:32.173" Title="¿Por qué el español se decantó por &quot;ventana&quot; en vez de por un derivado de &quot;fenestram&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17669" CreationDate="2016-08-07T20:18:27.557" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Corominas, &lt;code&gt;ventana&lt;/code&gt; antiguamente significaba &lt;em&gt;abertura, respiradero&lt;/em&gt; (registrado hacia 1300), &lt;em&gt;respiradero de una nave, de una tienda&lt;/em&gt;. Hacia 1325, también &lt;em&gt;orificio de la nariz, por donde se respira&lt;/em&gt;. Hacia 1400, &lt;em&gt;ventana, abertura grande en una pared&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Convivió con &lt;em&gt;hiniestra&lt;/em&gt; y la terminó de reemplazar “en fecha tardía” (ss. XVI, XVII).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según él, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el idioma se vio obligado a generalizar &lt;em&gt;ventana&lt;/em&gt; a causa de la homonimia [de &lt;em&gt;hiniestra&lt;/em&gt;] con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lcd0E8L&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;iniest(r)a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ’retama’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Fuente: Corominas y Pascual, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Crítico Etimológico Castellano e Hispano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-08-07T20:18:27.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17675" CreationDate="2016-08-08T13:02:19.600" Score="3" ViewCount="17573" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo con frecuencia en las páginas de búsqueda de trabajo de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aplica a esta oferta de trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refiriéndose a entrar en el proceso de selección de esa posición. Al parecer, el verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;to apply&lt;/em&gt; se ha ido colando en el castellano, tal y como recoge el diccionario de americanismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=aplicar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aplicar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Del ingl. applicant).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  intr. EU, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, RD, PR, Co, Bo; Ve, est. Solicitar alguien algo a través de un formulario escrito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  tr. Ho, PR, Ec; Ve, est. Llenar alguien una solicitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan correcto es usar esta palabra en España? ¿Sería mejor utilizar algo así como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tqj4Rok&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;postularse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o simplemente hay que dejar pasar el tiempo hasta que la RAE acepte esta acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo esto últimamente porque buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; me encontré con un caso parecido: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QaWFrqX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nominar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Me sonaba que era incorrecto lo de &quot;esta palabra está nominada a tres premios Oscar&quot;. Pero, oh sorpresa, desde 2001 hay dos acepciones nuevas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Designar a alguien para un cargo o cometido.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Presentar o proponer a alguien para un premio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que se suman a la existente desde 1780 de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dar nombre a alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que sería una acepción presuntamente importada del inglés &lt;em&gt;nominate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T13:02:01.970" LastActivityDate="2020-02-22T18:33:33.910" Title="¿Qué verbo se debe usar para postularse a una oferta de trabajo? ¿&quot;Aplicar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17587" CreationDate="2016-08-08T13:36:07.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con lo que leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/o/ORACI%C3%93N%20COMPLETIVA.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta recopilación de oraciones completivas&lt;/a&gt; y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://habilis.udg.edu/myocid/oracion_sustantiva/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Subordinada sustantiva o completiva&lt;/a&gt;, parece que sí es una oración completiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, lo que debemos tener en cuenta es que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las oraciones subordinadas sustantivas, también llamadas oraciones completivas, desempeñan en el interior de la oración principal funciones propias de los sintagmas nominales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-sujeto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -complemento directo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -término de una preposición:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  complemento de régimen, complemento circunstancial, complemento de un sustantivo y complemento de un adjetivo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para reconocer la función que desempeña en una oración compleja la oración subordinada sustantiva, se puede sustituir por un sustantivo o un sintagma nominal, por un pronombre demostrativo neutro o por el pronombre personal lo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se trata de una oración subordinada sustantiva de complemento directo y puede sustituirse por un demostrativo o un pronombre átono:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; quiere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso quiere &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T06:33:38.843" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:33:38.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17757" CreationDate="2016-08-08T13:57:46.097" Score="0" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es la forma de la siguiente frase enfática? Si no, ¿qué función cumple la inversión del sujeto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ha destruido el fuego una gran cantidad de árboles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12462" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T07:56:46.460" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T04:50:57.717" Title="¿Es la siguiente frase enfática?" Tags="&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17682" CreationDate="2016-08-08T14:51:34.570" Score="2" ViewCount="1151" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;You are talking to a person who has worked at a company for many years and you want to compliment him by saying &quot;You must be very experienced&quot; or &quot;You must be very talented&quot; or &quot;You must be an expert after all these years&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate gives the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe ser muy experimentado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Debe ser muy talentoso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Debe ser un experto después de todos estos años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I understand it, &lt;em&gt;debe&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;ought to&quot; or &quot;should&quot;. So the phrase is no longer a compliment. It becomes a command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched around and I've seen people use &quot;tiene que&quot; in place of &quot;Deber&quot;. But as I understand it, &quot;tiene que&quot; means &quot;have to&quot;, so this changes the compliment to a requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can you say the phrases as a compliment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T19:34:22.693" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T20:03:26.730" Title="In Spanish how would you say &quot;You must be&quot; in the context of a compliment?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17671" CreationDate="2016-08-08T15:00:30.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como puedes imaginar, la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=Aplicar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaconseja ese uso&lt;/a&gt; por ser un calco del inglés &lt;em&gt;apply&lt;/em&gt;. El español tiene otras opciones bien arraigadas, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3LFQRl7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apuntarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a una oferta de trabajo.&lt;/em&gt; (Ver acepción 5.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LjZ6dL7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inscribirse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en una oferta de trabajo.&lt;/em&gt; (Ver acepción 2.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente me decantaría por esta segunda opción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añadiendo un poco más de trasfondo, el Merriam-Webster explica que el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/apply&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;apply&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To ask formally for something (such as a job, admission to a school, a loan, etc.) usually in writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, hace hincapié en el hecho de que lo que haces es solicitar algo formalmente, normalmente mediante el rellenado de una solicitud. En español hacemos hincapié en que para dicho puesto va a haber muchos candidatos, y tu solicitud va a ser una más de las que compita por el puesto, de ahí que te tienes que inscribir en la oferta de trabajo (hacer que tu nombre figure entre otros con el fin de conseguir un empleo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosidad: hasta 1884, la palabra &lt;em&gt;inscribir&lt;/em&gt; sólo tenía las acepciones de grabar letreros (en piedra, metal u otras materias), y de encerrar una figura geométrica dentro de otra. En dicho año se añadió la acepción que nos atañe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T15:24:51.900" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T15:24:51.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17674" CreationDate="2016-08-08T15:32:07.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The suggestions of Google translate are almost fine -they just need &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; after deber-; also &quot;tiene que&quot; would be correct. Why? Because it uses &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;'s last meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bu2rLyz%7CBu8i6DA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;deber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. debēre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. tr. U. como auxiliar en las perífrasis, en las que añade una nota de inseguridad o probabilidad al verbo principal. &lt;em&gt;Debe DE hacer frío. Debieron DE salir a pelear.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is also explained by the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=deber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;\2. Funciona como auxiliar en perífrasis de infinitivo que denotan obligación y suposición o probabilidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) deber de + infinitivo. Denota probabilidad o suposición: «&lt;em&gt;No se&#xA;  oye nada de ruido en la casa. Los viejos deben de haber salido&lt;/em&gt;»&#xA;  (Mañas Kronen [Esp. 1994]). No obstante, con este sentido, la lengua&#xA;  culta admite también el uso sin preposición: «&lt;em&gt;Marianita, su hija,&#xA;  debe tener unos veinte años&lt;/em&gt;» (VLlosa Fiesta [Perú 2000]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it uses the construction &lt;em&gt;deber de&lt;/em&gt; to indicate &lt;em&gt;must be&lt;/em&gt;. All together, your sentences would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe de ser muy experimentado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe de ser muy talentoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe de ser un experto después de todos estos años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T15:32:07.170" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17674" CreationDate="2016-08-08T16:54:36.857" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes mucha experiencia. Eres muy talentoso. Eres todo un experto después de todos estos años. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13369" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T16:54:36.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17671" CreationDate="2016-08-08T17:02:03.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas variaciones regionales. En México por ejemplo es común usar el verbo &lt;code&gt;aplicar&lt;/code&gt; para estos casos. Como menciona &lt;strong&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/strong&gt; en su respuesta, probablemente por la influencia del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Chile se usa &lt;code&gt;postular&lt;/code&gt; y cualquier otro verbo no corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma manera, hay países en los que se decanta por uno u otro verbo, los que en el fondo serían todos &lt;em&gt;&quot;sinónimos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;code&gt;apuntarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;solicitar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;inscribirse&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tu pregunta hace referencia a la validez de uso particularmente en &lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;, creo que incluso allí puede haber variaciones regionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, la palabra correcta es la que se determina por factores culturales y/o regionales. Es difícil que la RAE pueda abarcar todas estas diferencias, así que el hecho de que ellos digan que es incorrecta una u otra palabra, no implica que lo sea realmente en determinada región o país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más aconsejable es seguir la norma general de cada lugar. De todas maneras, creo que independiente de cuál palabra se use se entiende a qué se refiere, especialmente en el caso de extranjeros postulando/aplicando/solicitando/etc. (a) un trabajo se entiende que pueda usar una palabra distinta a la convencional. Independientemente de cuál verbo se use, creo que es fácil determinar la intencionalidad de la persona intentando conseguir el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13136" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T17:02:03.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T17:20:51.483" Score="5" ViewCount="11995" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿De qué otra forma puedo decir... &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya que&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste&lt;/em&gt;?  o  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya que&lt;/strong&gt; se ha comprobado...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero seguir repitiendo el &lt;strong&gt;YA QUE&lt;/strong&gt; en un informe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13369" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T15:35:55.177" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T15:35:55.177" Title="Sinónimo de &quot;Ya que&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17662" CreationDate="2016-08-08T19:20:52.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;small of the back&amp;quot; is known in Spanish as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espalda baja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zona lumbar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las lumbares (in Spain - see @Ra_ comment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T19:20:52.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17679" CreationDate="2016-08-08T19:25:10.457" Score="11" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dado que&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debido a que&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora que&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Porque&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste... &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con motivo de que&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/582871082182557696&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Considerando que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste... &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sinonimosonline.com/puesto-que/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;En vista de que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bw2em88&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visto que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; estoy triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sinonimosonline.com/puesto-que/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Puesto que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; me siento triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://educacion.ufm.edu/a-consecuencia-como-consecuencia-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A causa de que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; estoy triste...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://educacion.ufm.edu/a-consecuencia-como-consecuencia-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Como consecuencia de que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; estoy triste... &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/a-consecuencia-de-2309/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; no está del todo de acuerdo y recomienda la preposición 'a' (en algún momento lo volveré pregunta)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siendo que&lt;/strong&gt; estoy triste... &lt;sub&gt;muy usada pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/582871082182557696&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la RAE no lo recomienda mucho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T14:21:45.050" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T14:21:45.050" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17674" CreationDate="2016-08-08T19:46:00.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very unusual but I agree with &lt;em&gt;Google Translate&lt;/em&gt; this once on the translation but not in what you want to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First let me say that I understand the &amp;quot;debe de ser&amp;quot; use as explained in @fedorqui's answer but in Colombia we many times omit &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; and just say &amp;quot;debe ser muy experimentado&amp;quot;. This part is where I agree with &lt;em&gt;Translate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I'd say that to another person and not directly to the subject especially in a speculative way. i.e talking to his boss or some other coworker I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que él &lt;strong&gt;debe tener mucha experiencia&lt;/strong&gt; después de todos estos años de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que él &lt;strong&gt;debe ser muy experimentado&lt;/strong&gt; después de todos estos años de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a compliment to the subject but the sentence is directed to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say it directly to the subject I would not use the speculative sentence but instead an affirmative one without &lt;strong&gt;debe&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes mucha experiencia después de esos años de trabajo. (You are very experienced after all those years of working)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This last one I think is more of a compliment than the other because I'm stating the fact, while using &amp;quot;debe&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;debe de&amp;quot; could have all the other meanings you described in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However since the tile of your question is &amp;quot;using &lt;em&gt;You must be&lt;/em&gt; in the context of a compliment&amp;quot; I'd say it like a speculative/question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que debes ser muy experimentado después de todos esos años de trabajo. ¿Cierto?  - I think you must be very experienced after all these years of working. Aren't you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que debes tener mucha experiencia después de todos esos años de trabajo. ¿Cierto? - I think you must have a lot of experience after all these years of working. Don't you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like saying it in question form is more polite and would make a better compliment which is what you want to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T20:03:26.730" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17683" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Grupo de palabras que funcionan como una sola pieza léxica con un sentido unitario y cierto grado de fijación formal. (extraído de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NYSj8PH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17684" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" Score="0" Body="Grupo de palabras que funcionan como una sola pieza léxica con un sentido unitario y cierto grado de fijación formal" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:22:52.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17650" CreationDate="2016-08-09T08:46:03.640" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me responde la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/762537004081016832&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vía Twitter&lt;/a&gt; que sí, modismo y expresión idiomática son lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@fedorqui #RAEconsultas Como expresión fija cuyo significado no se&#xA;  deduce de las palabras que la forman se usan MODISMO y EXPRESIÓN&#xA;  IDIOMÁTICA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y posteriormente añade que &lt;em&gt;expresión idiomática&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;frase idiomática&lt;/em&gt; son expresiones sinónimas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, estos tres conceptos son equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modismo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expresión idiomática&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frase idiomática&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T09:54:09.380" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T09:54:09.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17688" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:13:22.087" Score="1" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading &lt;em&gt;El almohadón de plumas&lt;/em&gt; by Horacio Quiroga this morning and ran into the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa en que vivían influía no poco en sus estremecimientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can make out the construct and it seems fairly straightforward. Except the &lt;strong&gt;no poco&lt;/strong&gt; bit. Isn't &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; always used with a verb? I have never seen it used with an adverb or adjective before. The way I could translate this was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The house that they lived in influenced no little in their shudders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which makes no sense whatsoever to me! Is there any idiomatic construct at play here? I looked up &lt;strong&gt;poco&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estremecimiento&lt;/strong&gt; and found nothing out of ordinary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T17:29:55.543" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T17:59:27.227" Title="Meaning of &quot;no poco&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17687" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:36:50.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is indeed an interesting case where the position of the words makes it harder understand the meaning. As you correctly stated, &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; is to be used (at least here) to refer to the verb &lt;em&gt;influía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in fact the sentence could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa en que vivían &lt;strong&gt;no influía poco&lt;/strong&gt; en sus estremecimientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then, why this use? Well, it emphasizes &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt; to contrast it, when they want to mean &lt;em&gt;a lot&lt;/em&gt;. This means that you can translate the sentence into something more direct like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The house &lt;em&gt;where&lt;/em&gt; they lived in influenced &lt;strong&gt;quite a lot&lt;/strong&gt; in their shudders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or keeping the emphasis (not sure if it is 100% idiomatic in English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It wasn't little&lt;/strong&gt; how the house &lt;em&gt;where&lt;/em&gt; they lived in influenced in their shudders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note I translated &lt;em&gt;en que vivían&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;where they lived&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T17:59:27.227" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T17:59:27.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17689" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17690" CreationDate="2016-08-10T09:25:32.957" Score="6" ViewCount="965" Body="&lt;p&gt;Descubrí hace poco la palabra &lt;em&gt;hogaño&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KYGRhQf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hogaño&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. ogaño, p. us.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;hoc anno&lt;/em&gt; 'en este año'.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adv. dem. En la época actual. La historia que narra esa novela bien pudiera acaecer hogaño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. dem. La época actual. Con más previsión nos hubiéramos ahorrado los problemas de hogaño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adv. dem. coloq. p. us. En el año presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando unos días después leía sobre connivencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AMSaIOB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;connivencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;conniventia&lt;/em&gt;, falsa grafía por &lt;em&gt;coniventia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Disimulo o tolerancia en el superior acerca de las transgresiones que cometen sus subordinados contra las reglas o las leyes bajo las cuales viven.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. confabulación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, destaco el origen etimológico de cada una de las palabras. Ambas vienen de una palabra latina que contenía &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt;, pero en un caso se mantuvo y en el otro se convirtió en &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé del &lt;a href=&quot;http://donserifa.com/noticias/sabias-que-el-origen-de-la-ene-es-una-ligadura/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;origen del uso de la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, ¿por qué a veces se convirtió un &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; y en otras no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T09:31:10.937" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:59:20.777" Title="¿En qué casos la &quot;nn&quot; del latín se convirtió en &quot;ñ&quot;? ¿Cuándo se mantuvo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17689" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:59:20.777" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente dependerá de si la palabra en cuestión es patrimonial (ha evolucionado sin interrupción desde el latín al español) o un (semi)cultismo (se ha introducido en el español &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt;, una vez que los cambios habían dejado de actuar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te puede interesar este artículo que escribí hace tiempo sobre la cronología relativa, un concepto relacionado con esto que preguntas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.delcastellano.com/2014/07/25/cronologia-relativa-filologia/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.delcastellano.com/2014/07/25/cronologia-relativa-filologia/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:59:20.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17692" CreationDate="2016-08-10T14:56:07.460" Score="2" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo este diálogo y no estoy segura de la puntuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se asoma a la habitación y le sonríe a Ana.— ¡Traigo novedades! —anuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ana le mira.— ¿Qué novedades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto esto? ¿O las intervenciones previas del narrador deben ir en un párrafo separado, así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se asoma a la habitación y le sonríe a Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¡Traigo novedades! —anuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ana le mira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¿Qué novedades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y qué pasaría si en lugar de &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Ana le mira&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; fuera &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Ana pregunta&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13381" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T17:24:47.577" Title="Puntuación de comentarios del narrador antes del diálogo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17691" CreationDate="2016-08-10T17:24:47.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo usual es que cada parlamento tenga su propio párrafo. No se pone espacio después de la raya. El párrafo anterior puede terminar en dos puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se asoma a la habitación y le sonríe a Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Traigo novedades! —anuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ana pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿Qué novedades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Éstas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Raras veces un escritor o traductor puede decidir no hacer esto, y poner un parlamento en medio de un párrafo. Generalmente cuando se traduce del inglés, para no perder el ritmo. (Esto recuerdo que lo vi en la traducción de &lt;em&gt;El Señor de los Anillos&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso, simplemente se deja un espacio antes de cada raya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se asoma a la habitación y le sonríe a Ana. —¡Traigo novedades! —anuncia. Ana pregunta: —¿Qué novedades? —Éstas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no es para nada recomendable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T17:24:47.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4588" CreationDate="2016-08-10T17:50:47.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Santiago would not be equivalent to James; you're right, that would be &quot;heavy handed.&quot;  Iago by itself would be equivalent, though.   So Susan James would be Susan Iago, and Susan St. James would be Susan Santiago (santo iago; sant iago).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diego makes it even worse to understand, because the &quot;D&quot; in Diego really and properly belongs to the word San, as a &quot;t&quot;.  In the USA we are so used to the Californian names of San Francisco, San Rafael, San Bernadino for &quot;Saint&quot; Francis, etc., that we naturally presume, with a city named San Diego, there was a Saint Diego.  See, though, if you follow suit with San Francisco, you'd have San Iego (Iago/Yakob/Iacom/James).  Its a mess, and nobody bothers, and you're not going to be able to formally change a city name (well, you can, but not usually one with 1.3 million people in it), AND in the meantime since consonants got pushed around over the last couple centuries, there's probably been somebody out there given the inaccurate name &quot;Diego&quot; who actually received sainthood!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an humorous aside, if all that was done in making San Diego's name etymologically correct was to move the &quot;D&quot; (the soft &quot;t&quot;) back to the word for saint, it would come out as Sand Iego, and folks would just presume the city name referred to something unique about their nice beaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13384" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T14:47:05.843" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T14:47:05.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17694" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T21:17:10.533" Score="3" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de la palabra &lt;em&gt;hogaño&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17689/12637&quot;&gt;descubierta por fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; hace poco, me dio por pensar si existían palabras que, al igual que las hay que expresan el día actual, el anterior y el posterior, expresaran lo mismo pero con los años. Y ya puestos, para otros períodos de tiempo como semanas o meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, tendríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Días:&lt;/strong&gt; ayer / hoy / mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Semanas:&lt;/strong&gt; ??? / ??? / ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meses:&lt;/strong&gt; ??? / ??? / ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Años:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2lbJ8n6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antaño&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KYGRhQf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hogaño&lt;/a&gt; / ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible rellenar los huecos con palabras que existan o hayan existido en algún momento de la historia del español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-01-22T07:17:43.193" LastActivityDate="2020-03-12T05:52:01.517" Title="Palabras específicas para períodos de tiempo presentes, pasados y futuros" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17347" CreationDate="2016-08-10T21:59:44.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría el verbo &quot;sostener&quot; o &quot;afirmar&quot; para &quot;claim&quot;. Sostienes que... O alguien afirma que... Pero no tiene por qué ser así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T21:59:44.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17697" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17698" CreationDate="2016-08-11T07:26:52.133" Score="1" ViewCount="5179" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reciéntemente escuché una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=868507&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canción&lt;/a&gt; de Ricardo Arjona, en la cual encontré una frase que me dejó dudas sobre su validez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He venido a parar con la mujer que no soñé jamás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero también jamás... fui tan feliz...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte de &amp;quot;también jamás...&amp;quot; me suena mal. Al estar enlazando dos frases con sentido negativo, ¿no debería utilzarse &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T08:35:35.717" Title="¿Es correcto el uso de &quot;también&quot; en &quot;pero también jamás fui tan feliz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17697" CreationDate="2016-08-11T08:27:59.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que sí tiene sentido: la mujer con la que él ha &lt;em&gt;venido a parar&lt;/em&gt; es lo contrario a la mujer que marcan los cánones del momento (&lt;em&gt;Me gusta porque es autentica y vive sin recetas / de esas que tratan de vestir al amor de etiqueta&lt;/em&gt;, dice un poco antes). Por ello dice que &lt;em&gt;He venido a parar con la mujer que no soñé jamás&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de que una persona así nunca estuvo entre sus cánones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a él le gusta y le hace inmensamente feliz. Por tanto, para decirlo contrapone el sentimiento negativo con el positivo usando un &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me ha pasado X pero también Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es como si dijera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pese a venir a parar con la mujer que no soñé jamás / soy tan feliz...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si por el contrario usara &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; daría a entender que el segundo sentimiento es también negativo, cuando &lt;em&gt;jamás fui tan feliz&lt;/em&gt; es claramente positivo, pues define el momento actual de felicidad máxima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T08:35:35.717" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T08:35:35.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17700" CreationDate="2016-08-11T16:03:41.777" Score="4" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo un sitio web al español y hay un link que dice &quot;Consumer Disclosure&quot;. Si lo fuera a traducir al español sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Divulgación de los consumidores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en mi opinión suena muy rara esa expresión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo para la palabra &quot;Dashboard&quot;, de la cual una traducción correcta sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tablero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el contexto del sitio no tiene mucho sentido, lo que hace ese link cuando le da click es llevarlo a la página principal. Así que me gustaría saber de alguna traducción más adecuada para estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que el enlace de consumer disclosures lleva al usuario a &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.connectnetwork.com/consumer-disclosures/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta &#xA;página&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13391" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-12T06:17:50.023" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T06:17:50.023" Title="¿Cuál sería una buena traducción para &quot;Consumer Disclosure&quot; y &quot;Dashboard&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17699" CreationDate="2016-08-11T16:29:48.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El vínculo 'Dashboard' que lleva a la página principal del sitio lo puedes llamar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Inicio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Menú principal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le puedes poner el nombre del sitio lo que intuitivamente se sabe que es el inicio de la navegación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No lo recomiendo pero &quot;Home&quot; se entiende y se ve frecuentemente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tablero de control&quot; es la traducción más usual de &lt;em&gt;Dashboard&lt;/em&gt; pero tampoco lo recomiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lo que se refiere a &quot;Consumer disclosure&quot; imagino que es alguna clase de 'Disclaimer' que en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17583/traducci%C3%B3n-de-disclaimer&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; el foro está de acuerdo en que la mejor traducción es &lt;strong&gt;Aviso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICIÓN:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego de que modificaste la pregunta y visité el enlace creo que eso lo puedes llamar &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Información al consumidor&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Quejas y reclamos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo la empresa de servicios públicos de mi ciudad lo llama &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.epm.com.co/site/clientes_usuarios/Clientesyusuarios/Peticiones,quejasyreclamos.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Peticiones, quejas y reclamos&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T16:36:42.593" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-11T17:44:19.340" Score="2" ViewCount="1295" Body="&lt;p&gt;No logro distinguir si la frase en negrita es una oración temporal o condicional: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba convencido de que una mujer que se acuesta con un hombre una&#xA;  vez seguirá acostándose con él cada vez que él lo quiera, &lt;strong&gt;siempre&#xA;  que sepa enternecerla cada vez&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa el subjuntivo (con referencia de futuro) por eso creo que podría ser temporal pero no estoy completamente segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1899" LastEditDate="2016-08-13T08:22:32.620" LastActivityDate="2016-08-13T08:22:32.620" Title="¿Cómo puedo distinguir la conjunción «siempre que» (temporal) de «siempre que» (condicional)?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17701" CreationDate="2016-08-11T18:53:58.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si está en indicativo, es temporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si está en subjuntivo, no hay regla fija, depende del caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece que saber enternecerla es una condición para que ella se acueste cada vez que él lo quiera (podríamos cambiar la oración a &lt;em&gt;“...seguirá acostándose con él cada vez que él lo quiera, &lt;strong&gt;si sabe enternecerla cada vez&lt;/strong&gt;”&lt;/em&gt;), y no algo que pasa siempre que él la enternece. Algunos días la enternecerá pero no querrá acostarse con ella, pero si quiere acostarse, tiene que enternecerla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una herramienta para saber si es temporal o condicional puede ser cambiar la oración para usar una construcción decididamente condicional o temporal y ver si tiene sentido, como hice más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T18:53:58.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17701" CreationDate="2016-08-11T19:05:18.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se tienen dudas, lo mejor es tratar de sustituir la expresión que te causa conflicto por otra que no te lo cause y que no modifique el sentido de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo, prueba a sustituir &quot;siempre que&quot; por &quot;a condición de que&quot;. Verás que el sentido no cambia y seguro que ahora tienes más claro de qué tipo es la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la frase fuera un complemento temporal, en todo caso, el verbo estaría en indicativo. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre que amanece me despierto automáticamente.&lt;/em&gt; (=cuando amanece)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre que viene el cartero tengo que amarrar al perro.&lt;/em&gt; (=cuando viene)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T19:05:18.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17705" CreationDate="2016-08-11T21:51:05.310" Score="9" ViewCount="1137" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usan decimales, usando por ejemplo la palabra &quot;galón&quot;, es claro el decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un galón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dos galones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero cómo se dice si tengo, por ejemplo, 1.3?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uno punto tres galón, o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uno punto tres galones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También está el caso cuando tengo menos de la unidad, por ejemplo, 0.3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cero punto tres galón, o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cero punto tres galones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente me suena mejor usar el plural pero no se si aún así, en cuanto a las reglas, la forma correcta sea el singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13394" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-12T06:09:58.367" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T06:09:58.367" Title="¿Cuándo se usa el plural en números con decimales?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17704" CreationDate="2016-08-12T01:25:47.823" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; recoge la siguiente información al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;por su significado, el cardinal uno solo se refiere a sustantivos&#xA;  singulares: Tengo solo un abrigo; Este mes solo me han puesto una&#xA;  multa; los demás cardinales, puesto que indican siempre cantidad&#xA;  superior a la unidad, solo se refieren a sustantivos plurales:&#xA;  Necesito que me prestes mil doscientos euros; Este mes ya llevo tres&#xA;  multas. El cardinal cero constituye un caso especial, pues aunque&#xA;  expresa ausencia de cantidad, se antepone siempre, como adjetivo, a&#xA;  sustantivos plurales: «De regreso a París, me encontré con [...] cero&#xA;  pesos en la cuenta bancaria» (Jodorowsky Danza [Chile 2001]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, para el ejemplo que mencionas, lo correcto es utilizar el plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.3 galones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;0.3 galones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1978" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T01:25:47.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-13T13:23:21.803" Score="2" ViewCount="904" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am I correct that some present tense are the same conjugation in preterit tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &quot;hablamos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &quot;hablo&quot; is another example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you tell the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13401" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-08T17:55:58.647" LastActivityDate="2020-06-08T17:58:41.540" Title="Are any verbs conjugated the same in preterit and present tenses?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17706" CreationDate="2016-08-13T15:30:47.447" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the indicative mood &lt;strong&gt;hablamos&lt;/strong&gt; is both present and past and is the rest of the sentence that tells you the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros hablamos del partido = We talk about the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer hablamos del partido = We talked yesterday about the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The situation with &lt;strong&gt;hablo&lt;/strong&gt; is different because &lt;strong&gt;hablo&lt;/strong&gt; is present of the first person and &lt;strong&gt;habló&lt;/strong&gt; is past of the third (notice the accent mark):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo hablo del partido = I talk about the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él habló del partido = He talked about the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indicative present and past conjugation of the verb &lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt; are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;+------------+--------------+--------------+&#xA;|            |   Present    |     Past     |&#xA;+------------+--------------+--------------+&#xA;| - Yo       | &lt;b&gt;hablo&lt;/b&gt;        | hablé        |&#xA;| - Tú       | hablas       | hablaste     |&#xA;| - Él       | habla        | &lt;b&gt;habló&lt;/b&gt;        |&#xA;| - Nosotros | &lt;b&gt;hablamos&lt;/b&gt;     | &lt;b&gt;hablamos&lt;/b&gt;     |&#xA;| - Vosotros | habláis      | hablasteis   |&#xA;| - Ellos    | hablan       | hablaron     |&#xA;+------------+--------------+--------------+&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also an imperfect form but you can check it out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/hablar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-06-08T17:58:41.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17710" CreationDate="2016-08-14T06:05:20.810" Score="4" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often read from the Bible when studying Spanish as it's very easy to read the English and Spanish in parallel. Here's a passage from Genesis 1:10 that got me thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo seco, Dios lo llamó «tierra», y al conjunto de las aguas lo llamó «mares». Y vio Dios que era bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no subject in the second clause of the second sentence and I was initially thinking about what makes the subject unambiguous. In other words, how do I know by context with certainty which way to read this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And God saw that &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; was good. (No?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And God saw that &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; was good. (Yes!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plugging both of those English sentences into Google Translate just now produced identical sentences in Spanish without any pronoun for clarification. No help there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I started comparing some of the various editions of Reina Valera. The original Reina Valera is many hundreds of years old though it had been revised several times in recent decades and consistently rendered the same as above. But then I saw that the Reina Valera Actualizada has added an explicit pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y vio Dios que &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt; era bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RVA seems to be it's own branch of the translation tree starting in the early 1980s. One description of RVA says: &amp;quot;The RVA uses a contemporary language that people can understand throughout the Spanish speaking world.&amp;quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.logos.com/product/339/reina-valera-actualizada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.logos.com/product/339/reina-valera-actualizada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the versions I had available to examine were one of these two Spanish sentences with the concensus leaning toward omitting the pronoun. I can't tell at a glance whether there was a trend based on recency of the translations. In case anyone cares, other variations were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y Dios consideró que esto era bueno. (NBD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ver Dios que todo estaba bien, ... (DHH)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y Dios vio que estaba muy bien esto que había hecho. (PDT)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ver Dios tal belleza, dijo: ... (TLA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's my question: Is there a tendency for modern speakers to favor the inclusion of &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt; here? A potential explanation is that this represents a more universally understood translation across the whole Spanish-speaking world without confusion and possibly education level being a factor. As evidence of preference, perhaps this topic is even addressed in style guides for Spanish-language publications. (I would have checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manualdeestiloap.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.manualdeestiloap.com/&lt;/a&gt; except I'd need to buy an account.) Or is all this speculation completely off base?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any insights on why some don't include the pronoun while others do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4132" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T15:22:13.137" Title="Spanish preference to drop pronouns" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17709" CreationDate="2016-08-14T14:26:39.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably one of the most difficult questions in this site. I can only give my opinion: the Bible has always been one of the most studied books, and hence one of the most known. One of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bibliatodo.com/la-biblia/La-biblia-del-oso-1569/genesis-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;first translations&lt;/a&gt; (from 1569) said this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y llamó Dios à la ſeca Tierra, y al ayuntamiento de las aguas llamó Mares: y vido Dios que era bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As this is the first chapter of the Bible, what is said here is what is most learned and what people most know. So I think the translators had to be careful not to change sentences that were already in the minds of the people. The sentence in fact has arrived our days unchanged, but for me it sounds very archaic, the kind of sentence you expect to read just in the Bible, and nowhere else. When I make cupcakes I don't say &quot;y vio Carlos que eran buenas&quot;. Neither with nor without the subject in the relative sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So maybe the Bible is the book that follows absolutely no guide of translation, except for the very new ones, that speak the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bibliatodo.com/la-biblia/Traduccion-lenguaje-actual/genesis-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nowadays Spanish&lt;/a&gt;. In this version that sentence just disappears, or is changed for &quot;al ver Dios tal belleza&quot;, as you state in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-14T14:26:39.373" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17726" CreationDate="2016-08-14T15:05:37.810" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día hablábamos de cosas de hoteles, y quise saber cómo se llamaban los &lt;em&gt;packs&lt;/em&gt; de jaboncitos y demás que suelen poner en los baños de los hoteles. Mi mujer respondió automáticamente: &lt;em&gt;amenities&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el Merriam-Webster, un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/amenities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;amenity&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es algo que te hace la vida más fácil o agradable. Una traducción podría ser &quot;comodidades&quot;. Sin embargo, si buscamos en Google Imágenes tanto &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=amenities&amp;amp;prmd=insv&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjEleSBlcHOAhXFWBQKHeq7AEQQ_AUIBygB&amp;amp;biw=360&amp;amp;bih=560&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;amenities&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=amenities&amp;amp;prmd=insv&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjEleSBlcHOAhXFWBQKHeq7AEQQ_AUIBygB&amp;amp;biw=360&amp;amp;bih=560#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=comodidades&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;comodidades&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, los resultados son radicalmente diferentes. La búsqueda del término inglés da justo el resultado esperado, pero no así la búsqueda del término en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál sería el término adecuado en español para &quot;amenities&quot; en el sentido planteado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-08-13T06:21:56.970" Title="Traducción para &quot;amenities&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17712" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17713" CreationDate="2016-08-14T16:20:53.073" Score="2" ViewCount="1641" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, modifiers come after the example being modified. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dos copas de vino tinto.&#xA;Two glasses of red wine.&#xA;&#xA;Cuando él era un hombre rico&#xA;When he was a rich man&#xA;&#xA;Él siempre fue un estudiante muy bueno&#xA;He always was a very good student.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here are two examples where the modifier comes before the item:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pablo es bien vestido &#xA;Pablo is a good dresser&#xA;&#xA;Sí, está bastante lejos.&#xA;Yes, it is quite far.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that? Is there a rule to know when to put the modifier before or after the item?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T06:45:54.420" Title="Modifiers in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17712" CreationDate="2016-08-14T22:28:14.483" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to adjectives, I think the general rules are those:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the adjective can both be interpreted in a qualitative or quantitative way, it comes before when the meaning is qualitative and after when it's quantitative: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un gran delantero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un delantero grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the adjective meaning is only qualitative, I think you can put it before or after with no alteration in the meaning:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un mal padre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es un padre malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un brillante científico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un científico brillante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the adjective qualifies a physical property of an object or is quantitative, I think it almost have to go after:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Echar sobre el aceite frío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hace falta un equipo potente para mover ese juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several cases when the adjective &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be put before, like 'bien vestido' or 'bien parecido'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In poetry and literature, is really common to alter this rule and put the adjective before: f.i. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poemas-del-alma.com/por-tierras-de-espana.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;check this Antonio Machado poem&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to adverbs, it is much more complicated I'm afraid. I think you should set up another question to ask specifically for adverb rules (I did stick to adjectives since the majority of examples you provided in the questions where adjectives).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm just an Spanish average guy, not a linguist, there possibly are specific rules on this subject I'm not aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T06:45:54.420" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T06:45:54.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17712" CreationDate="2016-08-15T07:01:41.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can be quite confusing for a non-native speaker to grasp, believe me, I am one.  As it turns out, from what I've learned in my years of practicing the language, putting the adjective before the verb adds an endearing/abstract modification to the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How abstract, you say?  Let's take a look at some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella vive en la casa blanca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very straightforward, &quot;the &lt;em&gt;white&lt;/em&gt; house&quot;, the house that is white in color.  So let's switch it around a bit and see what happens&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella vive en la blanca casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, there is a lot of emphasis on the adjective and the word &quot;white&quot; is open to interpretation now.  In this case, we can begin to extrapolate and use the different meanings of &quot;white&quot; to describe this house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, when the word &quot;white&quot; is thrown around, we think of the color immediately (or the absence thereof).  Sometimes though, the word is associated with &quot;white&quot; things like: angels, goodness, predominance, blankness, the list could go on in the same way we use the word &quot;blue&quot; to mean sad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider there is a neighborhood of houses and all of them are exclusively made from bricks.  Then, one day, a very rich and determined person decides to build his/her white marble house directly in the middle of this neighborhood.  Now, to the immediate viewer of the neighborhood, this would just be &quot;la casa blanca&quot; since there isn't any kind of story attached and you are simply looking at the house at face value; it is white.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, the neighborhood looks at this house as if it were alien to them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Everyone else has a home made of bricks while that white house over there sticks out like a sore thumb.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be a complete disgrace to the neighborhood, or it may be the most respected homes of the neighborhood.  Regardless, putting the &quot;blanca&quot; in front of &quot;casa&quot; helps communicate this phenomenon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of the difference between The White House, the presidential household, and the white house next to the green house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pobre niño quiere un peluche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sentence is made to make you feel sorrow and pity for the boy.  His financial situations are not a part of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ayudamos a este pobre perrito!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's feel sorry for the dog now.  What a pitiful dog it is; you can see it's bones and it only has one tooth.  This is such a poor quality puppy.  Could things get any worse for this &lt;strong&gt;poor&lt;/strong&gt; puppy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if we switch things around again and move &quot;pobre&quot; to the end, things get literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ayudamos a este perrito pobre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The puppy is poor, and by poor we mean &quot;doesn't have any money&quot;.  Let's give him some money. Let's help this puppy pay off his debts!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find an article concerning this phenomenon as well as more examples at the address below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/adjectives/a/adjective_placement.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://spanish.about.com/od/adjectives/a/adjective_placement.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T07:01:41.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17717" CreationDate="2016-08-15T23:42:30.560" Score="1" ViewCount="977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've looked it up and haven't really found a good answer (either nothing or I guess it stays &quot;mixtape&quot; with Spanish pronunciation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to write journal entries in Spanish and I'm not sure about this word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9507" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:19:55.410" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:21:07.650" Title="How do you say &quot;mixtape&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17716" CreationDate="2016-08-16T00:05:10.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not used to the term, but after a little research I think we just say 'mixtape' in English (well, with the English pronunciation we Spaniards have :-D ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure you can use the original English term without any problem, since the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixtape&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish version of wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and several Spanish journals and media do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2012/03/12/actualidad/1331579614_568347.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Pais&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vice.com/es/tag/mixtape&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2012/07/31/valencia/1343726209.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Mundo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware they use the femenine for mixtape in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm from Spain and have searched in Spanish media, maybe in South America they do have a specific term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T08:21:07.650" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:21:07.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17706" CreationDate="2016-08-16T00:18:25.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any regular verb of the first conjugation (verbs with infinitive ending in 'ar') have this condition for the first plural person: &lt;strong&gt;jugamos, bailamos, rezamos&lt;/strong&gt;... in fact just now I can't think of irregular verbs that doesn't meet the condition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the third conjugation (verbs ending in 'ir') it happens too, like in &lt;strong&gt;dormimos, discutimos, salimos, reímos&lt;/strong&gt;. An exception can be found in &lt;strong&gt;vamos/fuimos&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tell the difference just by the context: in common uses is really simple, however, in poetry or some obscure texts it can lead to confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T00:18:25.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17694" CreationDate="2016-08-16T08:19:46.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque &quot;hogaño&quot; existe, creo que nunca la he visto en un libro en español (excepto diccionarios).   Yo usaría &quot;actualidad&quot; o &quot;actualmente&quot; o alguno de sus derivados en lugar de &quot;hogaño&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="379" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T08:19:46.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17388" CreationDate="2016-08-16T08:56:19.503" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con los comentarios de arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estoy meta y meta vivir&quot;, significa &quot;estoy viviendo sin parar&quot; o &quot;vivo y no paro de vivir&quot;. Guille, que quiere ir a la escuela y se siente listo, se pregunta por qué a las autoridades no les alcanza que él desde que nació no ha parado de vivir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista expresivo &quot;meta&quot; es el imperativo a la voz formal &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; (común en Argentina). Hay que imaginarse un auto estancado en el barro y que alguien desde afuera -un desconocido que te trata de usted- te indica que pises el ascelerador con un &quot;meta pata&quot; (ponga el pie en el acelerador). Un &quot;meta y meta&quot; es la insistencia de la misma indicación. &quot;Meta y meta&quot; pata: siga pisando el acelerador, o pise sin parar que el auto así sale...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien indicaron también, en voz informal sería &quot;dale&quot;, por &quot;dale gas&quot; o &quot;da gas al auto&quot;. En repetición hay expresiones como &quot;dale que dale&quot;. Guille podría haber dicho &quot;Estoy [dale que dale] vivir&quot;, explicado &quot;Estoy [en la situación en la cual no he parado de] vivir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de los Les Luthiers, hace referencia a una fiesta que &quot;sigue y sigue&quot; porque no se para de cantar y no para de llegar el vino. Aquí hay que imaginarse al anfitrión que no deja que la fiesta se acabe, ordenando más rondas de vino y pidiendo que sigan las canciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13417" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T12:30:22.050" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:30:22.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17729" CreationDate="2016-08-16T11:25:19.807" Score="5" ViewCount="640" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Sigamos con &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/single-word-requests&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;single-word-requests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de English Language &amp;amp; Usage. Vayamos a por otra &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/petici%C3%B3n-de-palabra&quot;&gt;petición de palabra&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/petici%C3%B3n-de-modismo&quot;&gt;modismo&lt;/a&gt; basándonos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/309693/37429&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Word meaning: A slip of the tongue which suggests how you actually feel, often humorous&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces uno está hablando y de repente dice algo cuando quería decir otra cosa, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://lamenteesmaravillosa.com/los-lapsus-un-tema-serio-y-divertido-a-la-vez/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por ejemplo George Bush&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestros enemigos son innovadores e ingeniosos, y nosotros también.&#xA;  Nunca dejan de pensar en nuevos métodos para perjudicar a nuestro país&#xA;  y a nuestro pueblo, ni nosotros tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esto incluso se usa a veces en plan divertido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ha sido un placer conocerle&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Igual miente (por &lt;em&gt;igualmente&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/309730/37429&quot;&gt;en inglés&lt;/a&gt; cono en castellano usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;lapsus&lt;/em&gt;. En inglés, sin embargo, tienen la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/309695/37429&quot;&gt;Freudian slip&lt;/a&gt; a estos casos en los que, según cómo, lo que se dice es lo que se querría haber dicho pero no se dice por educación, convención o lo que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tenemos en castellano alguna expresión o palabra análoga?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T16:54:36.087" Title="Palabra o expresión para definir un lapsus que podría indicar lo que realmente se piensa" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17725" CreationDate="2016-08-16T12:06:10.730" Score="4" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/etiolate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;to etiolate&lt;/a&gt; is, in English quite rare, but since it has a French -&gt; Latin etymology it might have a common term in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent word in Spanish, however archaic, to the English verb &lt;em&gt;etiolate&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is not an exact equivalent term, are there any others sharing a common definiens?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:32:17.207" Title="Spanish equivalent of the verb 'to etiolate'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17724" CreationDate="2016-08-16T12:25:20.610" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of both words, &lt;strong&gt;etiolar&lt;/strong&gt; (verb) or &lt;strong&gt;etiolación&lt;/strong&gt; (noun) are included in the Spanish dictionary, but are widely used in botany and gardening. That is, &amp;quot;you're authorized&amp;quot; to use them without problems because they are technical concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say that a plant loses its color, you can tell &lt;strong&gt;blanquear&lt;/strong&gt; (whitening) or &lt;strong&gt;palidecer&lt;/strong&gt; (blanching). If you mean that the plant is weakened by lack of light, you can say &lt;strong&gt;ahilar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de las plantas se han etiolado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ha comenzado el proceso de etiolación de algunas de las plantas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha observado etiolación en algunas de las plantas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas plantas se han blanqueado &lt;em&gt;por falta de luz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas plantas se han ahilado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:32:17.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17711" CreationDate="2016-08-16T12:42:22.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A site specific search using Google and restricted to the Spanish language version of TripAdvisor reveals that of the three candidates suggested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In bronze medal position with 1310 hits is &lt;em&gt;articulos de tocador&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In silver medal position with 5480 hits is &lt;em&gt;articulos de aseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;and  for all three &#xA;In gold medal position and Olympic champion with 71800 hits is the wife of Carlos with her suggestion &lt;em&gt;amenities&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not look at all the hits (I do have a life) but the top few which I did check are indeed illustrated with pictures of the collection of toiletries which the better class of hotel provides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T12:42:22.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17606" CreationDate="2016-08-16T13:13:27.730" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una diferencia importante entre los ejemplos que sacas de la RAE y tu caso: la función sintáctica del pronombre. El pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; puede usarse como objeto indirecto (OI) en ambos géneros y también en algunos casos como objeto directo (OD) en el género masculino. En los ejemplos de la RAE funciona como objeto indirecto (OI):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le pedí disculpas a mi madre --&amp;gt; OD es &lt;em&gt;disculpas&lt;/em&gt;; OI es &lt;em&gt;a mi madre&lt;/em&gt;, duplicado en &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije a su hermana que viniera --&amp;gt; OD es &lt;em&gt;que viniera&lt;/em&gt;; OI es &lt;em&gt;a mi hermana&lt;/em&gt;, duplicado en &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, en el caso que propones, el pronombre es OD; en ese caso, al ser femenino, solo podemos usar &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será mejor que &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; ayudes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uso de los pronombres &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (o sus correspondientes plurales).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El castellano, como las demás lenguas romances, ha perdido la declinación de los sustantivos y adjetivos que sí se da en latín. Sin embargo, se mantienen restos de estas declinaciones en los pronombres. Según su función gramatical usamos distintas formas (casos) de estos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de los distintos pronombres personales en castellano no ofrece especiales dificultades a la mayoría de los hablantes, con una notable excepción: la confusión de los pronombres &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, con sus respectivos plurales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pronombres &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; deben usarse para la tercera persona cuando su función sintáctica es la de objeto directo (caso acusativo); &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en masculino y &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; en femenino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cogí el libro. --&amp;gt; Lo cogí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escribí la carta. --&amp;gt; La escribí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, el pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; se usa cuando la función sintáctica es la de objeto indirecto (caso dativo), independientemente del género:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Di el libro a Andrés. --&amp;gt; Le di el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escribí una carta a María. --&amp;gt; Le escribí una carta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un caso que puede inducir a confusión: cuando el objeto directo es una persona concreta, en muchas zonas de España es habitual usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; para el género masculino singular, uso que se considera aceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acompañé a Marta. --&amp;gt; La acompañé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acompañé a Pedro. --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;Le&lt;/em&gt; acompañé. (&lt;em&gt;Lo acompañé&lt;/em&gt; también es correcto y es el uso principal en el resto del mundo hispanohablante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acompañé a Pedro y su hermano --&amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;Los&lt;/em&gt; acompañé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La confusión entre estos tres pronombres da lugar a tres incorrecciones en el habla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leísmo&lt;/em&gt;: Uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; en lugar del pronombre &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; y, en menor medida, del pronombre &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Laísmo&lt;/em&gt;: Uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; en lugar del pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Loísmo&lt;/em&gt;: Uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en lugar del pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas incorrecciones se dan, principalmente, en zonas de Castilla, si bien el leísmo también es frecuente en otras áreas hispanohablantes en las que el español coexiste con otra lengua cuyo sistema de pronombres no distingue entre el acusativo y el dativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De estos tres, el loísmo es el menos habitual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dije a Juan que viniera mañana. --&amp;gt; Lo dije que viniera mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt;, en cambio, son más habituales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cogí el libro. --&amp;gt; Le cogí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escribí una carta a María. --&amp;gt; La escribí una carta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El loísmo nunca se da aislado, siempre existe un laísmo paralelo. Pero tampoco es raro que laísmo y leísmo se den a la vez en un mismo hablante. En estos casos, el hablante nunca (o casi nunca) utiliza el pronombre &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;; usa siempre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; en masculino y &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; en femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un caso tomado de la realidad. En cierta ocasión leí un cartel junto a unos lavabos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El agua es un bien escaso: no le malgastes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podía haber usado &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; (refiriéndose al agua) o &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (refiriéndose al bien); sin embargo, quien escribió el cartel fue a elegir justamente el único pronombre incorrecto para este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro caso también tomado de la realidad. Una persona miraba con interés un libro que tenía otra, la cual, al verlo, dijo a la primera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Le quieres? Pues si le quieres, cógele, léele y, cuando le acabes, me le devuelves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada uno de los seis &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; de esta frase debería ser &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;. Un caso un tanto extremo, pero real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de los casos, un hablante cuidadoso no debería tener problemas a la hora de elegir el pronombre correcto: en la mayoría de los casos en que hay objeto indirecto, también lo hay directo, y no suele ser difícil distinguir entre ambos. Sin embargo, las excepciones no son infrecuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T08:30:02.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17723" CreationDate="2016-08-16T13:42:21.850" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acto_fallido&quot;&gt;acto fallido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Al igual que &lt;em&gt;Freudian slip&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, no se reduce únicamente a errores orales, como muestra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cun.es/diccionario-medico/terminos/acto-fallido&quot;&gt;esta definición&lt;/a&gt; en el sitio de la Clínica Universidad de Navarra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Errores, equivocaciones, olvidos momentáneos, pérdidas de objetos, debidos generalmente a la distracción, el cansancio o la excitación. Según la teoría psicoanalítica, los actos fallidos son actos sintomáticos: el sujeto, por la influencia perturbadora de ideas o deseos inconscientes, expresa involuntariamente, de forma figurada, lo que en realidad intenta callar y encubrir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Argentina, país con fuerte influencia psicoanalítica en la cultura, cuando se trata de un error oral se suele abreviar simplemente como &lt;em&gt;fallido&lt;/em&gt;. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.minutouno.com/notas/130531-el-fallido-macri-me-llevo-un-motochorro&quot;&gt;El fallido de Macri: &quot;Me llevó un motochorro...&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://plusya.com.ar/video-el-contundente-fallido-de-luis-delia-la-corrupcion-es-estructural-en-este-partido/&quot;&gt;El contundente fallido de Luis Delía: “La corrupción es estructural en este partido”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tn.com.ar/politica/dolares-cedines-inmuebles-y-el-fallido-de-cristina_522545&quot;&gt;Dólares, cedines, inmuebles... y el fallido de Cristina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T13:42:21.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17723" CreationDate="2016-08-16T16:54:36.087" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al igual que &lt;em&gt;Freudian slip&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, en español yo he oído varias veces &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mven5SH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lapsus&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ITbsvqV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;freudiano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario panhispánico de dudas también propone &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=L6B8d2XCeD6tFquJfy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lapsus línguae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se emplea como locución nominal masculina con el sentido de ‘error&#xA;  involuntario que se comete al hablar’: «Un lapsus línguae, la&#xA;  inoportuna confusión de una palabra con otra, es con frecuencia muy&#xA;  reveladora de intenciones o preocupaciones reprimidas»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13419" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T16:54:36.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17732" CreationDate="2016-08-16T19:43:24.030" Score="4" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first time I encountered the word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;fiero,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; it was in its plural feminine form.  Because the text did not indicate that the group of &quot;wild beasts&quot; was a group composed of females, I must have simply thought that the base form for &quot;wild beast&quot; -- singular -- was feminine, and didn't think too much more about it.  Later, I attempted to get audio for it through the site &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.howtopronounce.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to Pronounce&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; since I did not find this word over at &lt;a href=&quot;http://forvo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FORVO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  [Correction: I did find it there but in the phrasal form &quot;casa de fieras&quot; and in the masculine singular form -- fiero -- but not simply &quot;fieras.&quot;]  When I searched for it at How to Pronounce, I was informed that the site did not have a definition for the word, so, as I am inclined to do, I went about adding a definition.  The site asks you for a meaning if you have one and then asks for details such as &quot;Grammar&quot; (part of speech) and gender of the word (if it has one).  Initially I thought to myself, &lt;em&gt;Clearly this is feminine because it ends in -as,&lt;/em&gt; but then I wondered if this might be one of those epicene nouns or nouns that take both genders.  As I typically do when such questions enter my mind, I consult with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (RAE) and discovered that it lists &quot;fiero, -a&quot; as an entry for this word.  I might get my wrists slapped for posting an image of the entry, but I want to spice this post up and show that &quot;fieras&quot; is in red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/5yxrzDo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;The link to the above RAE entry is here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HsDQ07D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fiero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Wikipedia, I believe this indicates a subject of sorts, but one for which no article has been written.  Does the RAE use similar color coding?  Regardless, &quot;fieras,&quot; in red, is not a hyperlink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then searched Google's Ngram for Spanish and discovered that, though both phrases -- &lt;strong&gt;las fieras&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;los fieros&lt;/strong&gt; -- are on the decline, both are still in use.  See the image below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/LI9IIGo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What the image above indicates to me is that &quot;fieras&quot; is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; epicene in the plural (as I had been initially wondering).  What it &lt;em&gt;doesn't&lt;/em&gt; tell me, however, is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;why, in an animal world that is presumably roughly equal in terms of gender and certainly an environment where groups of animals of both genders would mingle together, does &quot;las fieras&quot; appear to be far more frequent than &quot;los fieros?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  Is there some sort of usage rule about &quot;las fieras&quot; versus &quot;los fieros?&quot;  I tried searching for one online, but nothing, at least not in English, appeared to be addressing this word in terms of usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I am going to provide a bit more context because I can foresee the question being asked.  I came upon this word in an Aesop fable that had been translated into Spanish.  The line that contains it is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un perro había sido muy bien alimentado en una casa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y fue adiestrado para luchar contra &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las fieras&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Formatting added for emphasis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the rest of the fable by clicking on the link below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/El_perro_de_pelea_y_los_perros_sencillos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El perro de pelea y los perros sencillos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T20:58:34.837" Title="I see evidence that &quot;las fieras&quot; is more frequent than &quot;los fieros.&quot; If true, why?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17730" CreationDate="2016-08-16T20:41:52.260" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have the answer in both the entry of the RAE and the answer to a very recent question about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17712/12637&quot;&gt;order of modifiers in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;em&gt;fiero&lt;/em&gt; can be an adjective. See meanings starting with &quot;adj.&quot; As an adjective, the position of the word will be generally &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; a noun, so the matches of &quot;los fieros&quot; will always be followed by a noun, and will not be all the matches of the expression, as the rest will be those that match &quot;los&quot; + noun + &quot;fieros&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the RAE entry you can find that the word can also be a noun. It has a meaning as a masculine noun (7th one), but is very unfrequent. The rest of the meanings as a noun are feminine (&lt;em&gt;fiera&lt;/em&gt;). The 8th one is the meaning we are interested in. So, &lt;em&gt;fiera&lt;/em&gt; is basically any carnivorous animal that poses a threat to humans or to human's interests (farms, livestock). That is the meaning for the text you referenced. And, as the noun is feminine, it is used like that, unchanged no matter the sex of the animals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a note, a common adjective to apply to &quot;fiera&quot; with that meaning is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B0eNmIk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corrupia&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T20:58:34.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10725" CreationDate="2016-08-16T22:13:37.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para añadir a las respuestas anteriores: &lt;b&gt;ilación&lt;/b&gt; es una palabra que se corresponde bastante bien con el uso habitual de la expresión &lt;em&gt;&quot;train of thought&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se refiere no tanto al pensamiento en sí sino a su expresión  articulada - el discurso. Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KxRP8xT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Trabazón razonable y ordenada de las partes de un discurso.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un detalle que añade confusión: la expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;perder el &lt;strong&gt;hilo&lt;/strong&gt; (del argumento, discurso, razonamiento)&lt;/em&gt;&quot; también sería una traducción aceptable de &lt;em&gt;&quot;to loose the train of thought&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, este &quot;&lt;em&gt;hilo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no tiene nada que ver con la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;ilación&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Detalles &lt;a href=&quot;http://hurgapalabras.blogspot.com.ar/2009/04/ilacion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T22:13:37.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T22:44:13.853" Score="2" ViewCount="1844" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;logró&lt;/strong&gt; el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;obtuvo&lt;/strong&gt; el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;mantuvo&lt;/strong&gt; el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son los tres verbos correctos en este contexto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T07:04:29.633" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T12:52:14.920" Title="La diferencia entre los verbos mantener, lograr y obtener" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17734" CreationDate="2016-08-16T23:45:44.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, las tres frases son correctas, pero no significan lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él logró el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la más rara de las tres y es raro encontrar el verbo 'lograr' en una frase así. La frase quiere decir que de alguna manera el sujeto consiguió el carro de su hermano como un premio, o a través de un proceso costoso. Lograr, obtener y conseguir son parecidos, pero lograr implica tal vez más a menudo que lo conseguido es algo especialmente valioso. De ahí que la palabra 'logro' sea como 'achievement' en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él obtuvo el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es más común y puede indicar que él consiguió que alguien le diera el carro de su hermano, o que su propio hermano se lo dió, como en 'he got his brother's car'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él mantuvo el carro de su hermano Pepito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tiene nada que ver con las anteriores salvo porque, ciertamente, para mantener algo hay que haberlo obtenido primero. Mantener quiere decir conservar algo y evitar que se estropee. Tal vez el hermano fue de viaje, o a la cárcel, y el sujeto guardó y cuidó su coche mientras tanto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro verbo que es sinónimo de lograr y obtener es conseguir. Lograr y conseguir implica más que ha habido cierto esfuerzo en conseguir lo que se consigue/logra, mientras que obtener indica tal vez solamente un cambio de posesión: yo puedo obtener una casa porque la heredé de mis padres, sin que eso implique que yo haya hecho ningún esfuerzo por conseguirla. En cambio, si logro/consigo la casa, de alguna forma se da por hecho en la frase que he realizado algún esfuerzo por conseguir la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mantener, por otro lado, es otro verbo distinto y creo que es posible que lo hayas confundido con conseguir al escribir la pregunta... ¿Puede ser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T12:52:14.920" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T12:52:14.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17740" CreationDate="2016-08-17T03:03:57.823" Score="3" ViewCount="647" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing this for a Spanish project, but I can't figure it out. Would it be 'Ella es la mejor hablar de español en la casa'? I think it would, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T07:01:44.213" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T07:01:44.213" Title="How to say &quot;She is the best Spanish speaker in the house&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15909" CreationDate="2016-08-17T03:30:13.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; are called &lt;em&gt;contractions&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DE EL = DEL&lt;br&gt;&#xA;DE LA = DE LA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;DE LOS = DE LOS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;DE LAS = DE LAS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You basically &quot;contract&quot; two words into one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same rule applies with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A EL = AL&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A LA = A LAS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A LOS = A LOS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A LAS = A LAS  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T07:01:04.960" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T07:01:04.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17738" CreationDate="2016-08-17T06:21:58.723" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good guess.  But your translation says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is the best to speak Spanish in the house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need a different conjugation of 'hablar' to convey your meaning.  The simplest change would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es la mejor hablante de español en la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But more idiomatic, and slightly more formal, might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es la mejor hispanohablante en la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But better yet might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es la que habla español mejor en la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My reason for the final change is that it makes it clear that she is the one who best speaks Spanish in the house. Strictly speaking, your sentence (in both English and Spanish) could be interpreted as saying she is the best person (by whatever measure) who speaks Spanish.  Of course, that interpretation wouldn't be the most natural one, so avoiding that ambiguity may not be important. And certainly, in an informal atmosphere, people speak that way all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T06:21:58.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17769" CreationDate="2016-08-17T08:58:18.933" Score="9" ViewCount="18596" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE define &lt;em&gt;extranjerismo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;préstamo&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HOauPO6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;extranjerismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Ling. Préstamo, especialmente el no adaptado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U73g6MY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;préstamo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Ling. Elemento, generalmente léxico, que una lengua toma de otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego comenta Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/extranjerismo-o-prestamo-linguistico-2168/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;extranjerismo o préstamo lingüístico&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Normalmente, se entiende que los extranjerismos son las palabras o construcciones extranjeras (&lt;em&gt;barman&lt;/em&gt;) mientras que los préstamos son palabras que tienen su origen en otras lenguas (&lt;em&gt;azúcar&lt;/em&gt; es un préstamo del árabe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la lectura de sendos artículos (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranjerismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;extranjerismo&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9stamo_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;préstamo lingüístico&lt;/a&gt;) en la Wikipedia me confunde. Por ejemplo, menciona &lt;em&gt;fútbol&lt;/em&gt; (del inglés &lt;em&gt;football&lt;/em&gt;) como extranjerismo del tipo de préstamo léxico. ¿Pero no parecía por lo dicho por Fundéu que la línea divisoria entre unos y otros es su adaptación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ello que me pregunto: ¿alguien podría indicar cuál es la línea divisoria entre ellos, si la hay, o si extranjerismo es un subtipo de préstamo lingüístico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE me &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/768074489628397570&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indicó por Twitter&lt;/a&gt; que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos especialistas llaman «extranjerismo» al no adaptado y reservan el término «préstamo» para las adaptaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T12:52:14.603" LastActivityDate="2019-12-17T19:56:01.323" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre préstamo lingüístico y extranjerismo?" Tags="&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17742" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17743" CreationDate="2016-08-17T17:55:05.743" Score="6" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just ran into the following example in a Spanish language grammar book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso es Sr. Gómez, tiene casada una hija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense? I can understand &lt;strong&gt;tiene una hija&lt;/strong&gt; casada or &lt;strong&gt;tiene una casada hija&lt;/strong&gt;, both of which could mean &lt;em&gt;...has a married daughter&lt;/em&gt; if you ignore the difference in nuance between the two. But what could &lt;strong&gt;casada una hija&lt;/strong&gt; possibly mean? Even if you want to say &lt;em&gt;he has to get his daughter married off&lt;/em&gt;, you would go something like &lt;strong&gt;tiene que casar una hija&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Spanish is quite flexible when it comes to word order but this one just seems too bizarre to attribute to such flexibility. Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T08:17:07.840" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T21:33:10.883" Title="Does the order of words in &quot;Eso es Sr. Gómez, tiene casada una hija&quot; make sense?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17742" CreationDate="2016-08-17T18:41:55.727" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is perfectly understandable.&#xA;&amp;quot;Tiene casada una hija&amp;quot; is the same as &amp;quot;tiene una hija casada&amp;quot;.&#xA;But &amp;quot;tiene una casada hija&amp;quot; is wrong, it is still understandable but not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene roto un pie = Tiene un pie roto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene ponchado su balón = Tiene su balón ponchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene rojo un auto != Tiene un auto rojo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case the first one is wrong, it is not understandable.&#xA;And the second one is absolutely correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;He/she has a married daughter&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T22:26:24.580" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17749" CreationDate="2016-08-18T08:11:48.127" Score="3" ViewCount="898" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es muy común leer en &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt; comentarios del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your answer! The code &lt;strong&gt;works like a charm&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viniendo a decir: oye, gracias por el código que has puesto como respuesta; funciona perfectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;to work like a charm&lt;/em&gt; la traduce &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=charm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;em&gt;de maravilla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;perfectamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, dado que &lt;em&gt;charm&lt;/em&gt; en sí pueden ser muchas cosas (&lt;em&gt;talismán, amuleto, atractivo, carisma, hechizo&lt;/em&gt;...), me pregunto: ¿hay alguna otra expresión española que quiera decir lo mismo, de una forma idiomática?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y añado: &lt;em&gt;perfectamente&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;de maravilla&lt;/em&gt; las usamos en España; ¿se usan otras en otros países de habla hispana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:35:00.820" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T16:43:27.023" Title="¿&quot;Work like a charm&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1472" CreationDate="2016-08-18T11:40:06.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Del diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6S13ycd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cabo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Cada uno de los extremos de las cosas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;al cabo&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Al fin, por último.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra expresión sinónima: &quot;al fin y a la postre&quot;, precisamente porque el postre es el final de la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, sin que se conozca su origen, la expresión usa dos términos que indican lo mismo para dar énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T12:44:19.613" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T12:44:19.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17742" CreationDate="2016-08-18T14:39:25.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is true it isn't common to place an adjective before an article, but it isn't unheard of either, and it is certainly grammatical in some circumstances. In the following example, &lt;em&gt;despejada&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;la frente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;negros&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;los  ojos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rojos&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;los labios&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;leche y rosas&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;la piel&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;sonriente y tranquila&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;la expresión&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el umbral se yergue Melibea, alta y ancha y lozana, despejada la frente, negros los ojos, rojos los labios, leche y rosas la piel, con un cuello en que se pelean y se casan la esbeltez y la fuerza, el pecho firme y separado, sonriente y tranquila la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maeztu, Ramiro de (1926). &lt;em&gt;Don Quijote, Don Juan y la Celestina. Ensayos en simpatía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example is slightly different in that depending on how you arrange the noun phrase &lt;em&gt;una hija&lt;/em&gt; and the participle &lt;em&gt;casada&lt;/em&gt;, the parsing is different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía [una hija casada].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [Tenía casada] una hija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener + participle&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verbal periphrasis&lt;/a&gt; with several meanings. You can read about it on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGwIzdjyXrgJypPs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática, §28.16l-p&lt;/a&gt; (only in Spanish). Verbal periphrasis are mostly used to add nuances to the main verb, including the speaker's attitude towards the action or its degree of development (the action has just started, ended, etc). The periphrasis &lt;em&gt;tener + participle&lt;/em&gt; is quite versatile and can add a lot of different nuances depending on the context. A few of them are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An action that has been brought to completion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El labriego tenía arado el bancal (the farmer had [already] plowed the patch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An action that happens or happened frequently in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo tengo recorrido diez o doce veces (I've gone down [that path/road] ten or twelve times)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An action that is in a state of permanence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo el piso alquilado (I have [my] flat rented out)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An action that is related to the idea of possession or physical contact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quart tenía apoyada una mano sobre el arco de entrada (Quart was resting his hand on the entrance arch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To express some kind of restrain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me tenían atrapado (they had me trapped).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To express coercion, control or imposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo tenemos controlado (we have it under control).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With verbs of storing, gathering or conservation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía acumulado mucho poder (he/she had amassed a lot of power).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To express reiteration or insistence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te tengo dicho que no lo hagas (I told you not to do it [many times]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even considering all these meanings, there are still examples that don't quite fit in any of the previous cases. &lt;em&gt;Tenía casada un hija&lt;/em&gt; may be related to the idea of possession or permanence, depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T14:39:25.070" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17745" CreationDate="2016-08-18T15:02:17.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera opción que se me ha venido a la cabeza es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El código funciona de lujo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no estoy seguro de si será demasiado propia de Andalucía. La siguiente opción fue (antes de leer los comentarios):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El código funciona a las mil maravillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción incluso podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El código va que ni pintado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya si se me ocurren más iré actualizando la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T15:02:17.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17745" CreationDate="2016-08-18T15:19:27.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El código funciona &lt;strong&gt;de maravilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;como un relojito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;de pelos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;en México&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;al pelo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;en Colombia&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;como por arte de magia&lt;/strong&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;como un encanto&lt;/strong&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;magníficamente&lt;/strong&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;que parece mentira&lt;/strong&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;como Dios&lt;/strong&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El código que has puesto como respuesta &lt;strong&gt;me quedó como anillo al dedo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/works+like+a+charm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/works+like+a+charm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/works+like+a+charm.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/works+like+a+charm.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T16:43:27.023" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T16:43:27.023" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2016-08-18T16:25:32.757" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que es mas profundo que todo eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;yerro&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncian parecido y el dicho original venia a ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quien por error mata, por error muere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por aquello de que el reo suele escudarse en que el &quot;no queria matar a nadie, que no sabia que la victima falleceria tras asestarle 72 puñaladas y aplastarle el craneo con una roca&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/yerro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/yerro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13436" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T19:15:57.513" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T19:15:57.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17752" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17753" CreationDate="2016-08-18T17:38:49.450" Score="6" ViewCount="1289" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;me gusta&quot; mean in these sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un primer momento, las firmas no se fijaban tanto en la cantidad de&#xA;  seguidores &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;o me gusta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que suscitaba su cuenta. Si tiene una tasa&#xA;  alta de interacción con el contenido [o engagement, como se conoce&#xA;  entre los especialistas], de comentarios &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y me gustas&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/em&gt; el valor se&#xA;  acerca a los 750 euros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is extracted from this news in a Spanish newspaper: &lt;a href=&quot;http://economia.elpais.com/economia/2016/08/10/actualidad/1470816799_437694.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Se puede hacer caja con Instagram?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13437" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T19:19:08.997" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T20:19:56.640" Title="What does &quot;me gusta&quot; mean in these sentences?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17752" CreationDate="2016-08-18T17:40:44.930" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It refers to 'likes' in social networks, such as Facebook likes and so. In the Spanish version of Facebook, when you see the 'like it' button, it says 'me gusta', and that's the reason why 'me gusta' is used as a sustantive there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T19:29:41.990" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T19:29:41.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2016-08-18T18:00:04.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de que&lt;/em&gt;, translates directly to &quot;No There of that&quot; or &quot;There's none of that&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard people say it translates to &quot;don't mention it&quot; but I think it really means means &quot;there is no need to thank&quot;, which people interpret &quot;it was my pleasure&quot;. However, it would be like English people saying &quot;there is no need to thank&quot;, which we really don't say. or everyone once in a while you hear it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13439" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T19:17:13.050" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T19:17:13.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17742" CreationDate="2016-08-18T21:16:19.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know Spanish is quite flexible when it comes to word order but this one just seems too bizarre to attribute to such flexibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is unquestionably grammatical, but I think you are right to be suspicious!  I don't think it's word order flexibility; I think it's a different grammatical construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that a useful exercise would be to compare your example Spanish sentence to English examples like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I sold the green apples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I sold the apples green.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence is not a reordered rendering of the first, but rather it has a very different grammatical structure, and correspondingly its meaning is subtly different.  This can be brought out by imagining what sort of question they'd be used to answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;Which apples did you sell?&quot;)  I sold the green apples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;How were the apples when you sold them?&quot;) I sold the apples green.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first example &lt;em&gt;green&lt;/em&gt; is an attributive modifier in the noun phrase, which tells us a &lt;em&gt;property&lt;/em&gt; of the apples that it refers to.  In the second it's a verb phrase complement that specifies the &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; of the apples &lt;em&gt;at the time of the sale&lt;/em&gt;.  There's some sort of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect&quot;&gt;aspectual&lt;/a&gt; difference here; in the first &lt;em&gt;green&lt;/em&gt; is being construed as an enduring &lt;em&gt;property&lt;/em&gt; of the apples and in the second as a transient &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; thereof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I would offer the hypothesis that something very similar is going on in Spanish.  In fact, my English example can be adapted easily:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;¿Cuáles manzanas vendiste?&quot;) Vendí las manzanas verdes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;¿Cómo estaban las manzanas cuando las vendiste?&quot;) Vendí verdes las manzanas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Actually, though, &lt;em&gt;vendí las manzanas verdes&lt;/em&gt; could have either grammatical structure, because of order flexibility; but &lt;em&gt;vendí verdes las manzanas&lt;/em&gt; can only have the #2 style structure.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another noteworthy observation is that we can render the above answers more briefly and naturally like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;¿Cuáles manzanas vendiste?&quot;) Vendí las verdes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&quot;¿Cómo estaban las manzanas cuando las vendiste?&quot;) Las vendí verdes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; in these two sentences are of course completely different—the first one is an article, the second one an object pronoun.  I think this highlights the grammatical difference—when we pronominalize the object of &lt;em&gt;Vendí verdes las manzanas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;verdes&lt;/em&gt; gets &quot;left behind&quot;—it's not part of the noun phrase &lt;em&gt;las manzanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if I'm right (which be warned, requires more work than this to prove!), &lt;em&gt;tiene casada una hija&lt;/em&gt; is not a word order variant of &lt;em&gt;tiene una hija casada&lt;/em&gt;, but rather a different grammatical structure.  There might not be a really big difference in meaning in this one case, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13442" LastEditorUserId="13442" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T21:33:10.883" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T21:33:10.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17673" CreationDate="2016-08-19T00:28:05.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. No hace ningún énfasis adicional. La inversión del sujeto simplemente obedece a un tema de elegancia en el lenguaje, quizá un poco pedante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13446" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T00:28:05.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17673" CreationDate="2016-08-19T04:50:57.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de no enfatizar nada, lo que hace es confundir porque, en este ejemplo concreto, tanto el sujeto como el objeto coinciden en número y persona, de forma que, tal y como está enunciada la frase del ejemplo y faltándonos el contexto y la lógica, podríamos plantearnos qué destruye qué exactamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11275" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T04:50:57.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17764" CreationDate="2016-08-19T09:58:32.630" Score="3" ViewCount="22918" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oigo a veces a los colombianos (de Bogotá, los que conozco) diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uy qué vaina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo interpeto como un &quot;uy qué cosas&quot;, en un contexto en el que algo es complicado o puede dar problemas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uy qué vaina, me dejé las llaves del coche en casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;em&gt;vaina&lt;/em&gt;, explica &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Término empleado para aludirse a un objeto o situación cualquiera cuyo nombre no se recuerda o se desconoce. Problema de difícil resolución. Conflicto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así y todo sigo teniendo dudas sobre su uso: ¿es solamente coloquial? ¿se usa en otros países? ¿tiene alguna acepción más además de la que indico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:57:42.640" LastActivityDate="2020-03-06T18:22:16.260" Title="En Colombia, ¿qué significa &quot;vaina&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1584" CreationDate="2016-08-19T12:29:37.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te quiero = I love you&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te amo   =  I'm in love with you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Querer&lt;/em&gt; is to care, have an interest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Amar&lt;/em&gt; is romantic love, it's a stronger deeper feelings of love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13448" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T12:49:26.713" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:49:26.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17760" CreationDate="2016-08-19T13:48:44.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, el término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bGoiGhS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vaina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos acepciones para América Latina que coinciden con lo que propones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Am. Cen., Chile, Col., Ec., Perú, R. Dom. y Ven.&lt;/em&gt; Contrariedad, molestia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Col., Cuba, Ec., Guat., Hond., Nic., Pan., Perú y Ven.&lt;/em&gt; Cosa no bien conocida o recordada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepcion de contrariedad encaja en el ejemplo de las llaves del coche. En todo caso, no dice que su uso sea coloquial. La que sí que es coloquial es la expresión &quot;ni de vaina&quot;, también usada en Colombia y otros países y significando &quot;de ninguna manera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, aquí en Andalucía usamos la última acepción, que también es coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona poco seria e irresponsable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T13:55:37.243" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T13:55:37.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-19T14:15:26.887" Score="2" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to &amp;quot;Un día normal&amp;quot; by Juanes and the chorus is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque nunca sabe&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; lo que tiene&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta que lo pierde&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca vuelve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English (my native language), using &amp;quot;one&amp;quot; is generally followed by a different verb ending than using &amp;quot;you.&amp;quot; (Compare &amp;quot;you cook well&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;one cook&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; well.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here Juanes uses &amp;quot;no one&amp;quot; followed by the tú ending of the verb, when he could have easily used the third-person singular form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was his choice grammatically correct, or was it a bend of the rules to make the song feel more personal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13450" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T02:27:45.420" Title="Grammar in a Juanes song" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17765" CreationDate="2016-08-19T14:28:04.513" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you may be confusing &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; (Eng = never) with &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt; (Eng = nobody).Juanes sings that &quot;You never know what you have until you lose it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T14:28:04.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17741" CreationDate="2016-08-19T17:42:46.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia es una gran herramienta, pero no debemos tomarla nunca como una fuente infalible de conocimiento, especialmente si el artículo no tiene referencias fiables o acreditadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, en ambos artículos existe una clasificación de extranjerismos/préstamos, según las cuales uno pertenece al otro. Lo cual carece de sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco, puede verse lo que dice la RAE sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/publicaciones/25-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt;. En este otro &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt; se explaya un poco más. Pero en ninguno de los dos nombra a los préstamos lingüísticos, y no he sido capaz de encontrar nada al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basándome en lo que aquí se explica, y en las dos definiciones que has puesto del DRAE, entiendo que extranjerismo es un concepto más genérico, y que los préstamos son un tipo de extranjerismo adaptado y no superfluo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8858" LastEditorUserId="8858" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T23:52:50.947" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T23:52:50.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17741" CreationDate="2016-08-19T18:22:51.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde un marco de teoría lingüística, esto es como preguntar cuál es la diferencia entre lengua y dialecto.  En realidad no existe una demarcación nítida; todo criterio que apliquemos, al examinarse de cerca, resulta ser vago y arbitrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde un punto de vista práctico, sin embargo, existen criterios bastante útiles para juzgar a cuál grado un vocablo de origen extranjero se ha adaptado a la lengua.  Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene el vocablo sentido diferente en español que en la lengua de origen?  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esto es un índice de &lt;em&gt;norma divergente&lt;/em&gt;—los hispanohablantes han adaptado una norma de uso del vocablo que es independiente de la lengua de origen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es común el vocablo entre hispanohablantes monolingües, o sólo entre bilingües?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si es común entre monolingües entonces tenemos transmisión del vocablo independiente del conocimiento de la lengua extranjera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuántos hablantes conocen el origen extranjero del vocablo?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si son muy pocos, especialmente entre los hablantes cultos, es un índice de adaptación al español. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La fonología y fonotáctica del vocablo, ¿se parecen más a la gramática española o a la de la lengua de origen?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;bibaporú&lt;/em&gt; (cuya fuente es &lt;em&gt;Vicks' VapoRub&lt;/em&gt;) es netamente español en su fonología (e.g., reemplazo de /v/ por /b/) y fonotáctica (eliminación de la coda silábica compleja de &lt;em&gt;Vicks'&lt;/em&gt;, que no conforma con el español). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los hablantes nativos de la lengua de origen, ¿reconocen el vocablo cuando lo encuentran en español?  (&lt;em&gt;Bibaporú&lt;/em&gt; es un gran ejemplo.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe un antiguo sinónimo nativo del vocablo, o denota éste un nuevo concepto que entró a la cultura con el préstamo?  Ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cuark&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Especialmente cuando se trata de temas científicos o técnicos, los inventos muchas veces los hacen extranjeros y su vocabulario se toma o calca al español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe reafirmar que estos criterios son vagos y arbitrarios; no nos dicen &quot;la verdad&quot; de la lengua, sino que nos ayudan a tomar decisiones prácticas, como cuáles palabras incluir en un diccionario.  Y cabe también añadir que es español es una lengua pluricéntrica, hablada en 21 países cuyas normas lingüísticas no coinciden, así que la respuesta que dan estos criterios y otros parecidos muchas veces dependen del país or dialecto al cual los apliquemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13442" LastEditorUserId="13442" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T19:45:15.350" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T19:45:15.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17765" CreationDate="2016-08-19T21:24:33.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you say is correct. He is using a third person singular but the subject is omitted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full sentence would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Porque &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; nunca sabes lo que tienes hasta que lo pierdes&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &quot;Don't know what you got till it's gone&quot; like in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/cinderella/dontknowwhatyougottillitsgone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CINDERELLA's song&lt;/a&gt; (BTW I love &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/i28UEoLXVFQ?t=1m17s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; part)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is also very common in these two forms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uno nunca sabe lo que tiene hasta que lo pierde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &quot;One doesn't know...&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca se sabe lo que se tiene hasta que se pierde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also meaning the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T21:31:48.260" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T21:31:48.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17765" CreationDate="2016-08-20T02:27:45.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case the sentence has an implicit subject: &quot;tú&quot; (Second persond, singular). In some countries &quot;tú&quot; is the most used form, but in others it is more used &quot;vos&quot;, &quot;usted&quot; (and all are correct).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia &quot;tú&quot; is the most used form, but, for example, in Costa Rica we use more &quot;vos&quot; or &quot;usted&quot;. &quot;usted&quot; is usually reserved for more formal instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that changes a lot the way in which the verbs are conjugated. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque [tú] nunca sab&lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; lo que t&lt;strong&gt;ienes&lt;/strong&gt;;&#xA;Hasta que [tú] lo p&lt;strong&gt;ierdes&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque [vos] nunca sab&lt;strong&gt;és&lt;/strong&gt; lo que t&lt;strong&gt;enés&lt;/strong&gt;;&#xA;Hasta que [vos] lo p&lt;strong&gt;erdés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque [usted] nunca sab&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; lo que t&lt;strong&gt;iene&lt;/strong&gt;;&#xA;Hasta que [usted] lo p&lt;strong&gt;ierde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13457" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T02:27:45.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-20T11:48:31.493" Score="5" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a phrase which I &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; means to have teased someone, but which I would like to know the derivation for and history:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabía que eso la sacaba de sus casillas [She knew that I teased her?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T10:05:40.467" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T02:53:02.047" Title="Origin and meaning of &quot;Sacar de las casillas&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17774" CreationDate="2016-08-20T15:34:32.287" Score="5" ViewCount="815" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to write something formal about LSTM &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Long Short-Term Memory&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish, I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memoria grande de corto plazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memoria larga de corto plazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't sound good to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T20:17:02.970" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T20:17:02.970" Title="How do you say Long Short-Term Memory in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17773" CreationDate="2016-08-20T15:45:39.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know anything about neural networks but in this paper&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/295974898/Redes-Neuronales-Recurrentes&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.scribd.com/doc/295974898/Redes-Neuronales-Recurrentes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is translated as &lt;strong&gt;Redes de gran memoria de corto plazo (LSTM)&lt;/strong&gt; and you can find that on page 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will add a picture of the fragment in case the site decides to change the article or the link becomes invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GjDhR.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GjDhR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Redes de gran memoria de corto plazo&lt;/strong&gt; (LSTM): las redes recurrentes convencionales no pueden memorizar dependencias de largo plazo debido a que los gradientes retropropagados se desvanecen (o crecen sin límite) con el tiempo. Las redes LSTM incorporan una memoria explicita que puede ser actualizada y borrada lo que les permite aprender dependencias de largo plazo en los datos. Actualmente 2015, son muy populares porque son fáciles de entrenar (Vinyals et al. 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T19:58:04.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17772" CreationDate="2016-08-20T20:08:13.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sacar de casillas&quot; would be better translated to english as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;grind her gears&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;drive her up the wall&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and in some sense also &quot;&lt;strong&gt;drive her crazy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is like a person that is usually under control of her temper but the actions of someone else can pull her out of balance and make her mad, then you would say &quot;la saca de casillas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Casilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; has several meanings all related to something's place or a small box so if you get pushed out of your &quot;place&quot; (temper-wise) the you end up &quot;fuera de casillas&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T20:13:15.950" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T20:13:15.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17772" CreationDate="2016-08-21T03:02:07.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sacar de las casillas&lt;/em&gt; means, as DGaleano says, to grind someone's gears, drive someone mad or make someone lose his temper or patience. To complement this I found a &lt;a href=&quot;http://mnbarahona.blogspot.com/2008/01/por-qu-no-te-callas-sacar-de-las.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) by a Language professor in Chile that cites an interesting origin for this expression:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;According to the book &lt;em&gt;El porqué de los dichos&lt;/em&gt; by José María Iribarren, &lt;em&gt;sacar de las casillas&lt;/em&gt; originated in the game of &lt;em&gt;tablas reales&lt;/em&gt;, which was similar to backgammon. Iribarren cites two entries from the old &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (1726-39):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sacarle a uno de sus casillas.&lt;/strong&gt; Metáphora tomada del juego del axedrez,&#xA;  que significa instar a alguno con importunidad, para que hable, o diga&#xA;  lo que no tiene gana, o precisarle por varios modos a que se enoje o&#xA;  descomponga.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a metaphor taken from the game of chess that means to annoyingly&#xA;  insist upon someone to make him speak, say what he does not want to or&#xA;  make him angry or upset through different means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TABLAS.&lt;/strong&gt; Se llama un juego, que se hace entre dos personas sobre un tabléro, que tiene doce casas à cada lado, huecas en forma de&#xA;  semicírculo (...) Juegase con dos dados, y segun los números, que&#xA;  salen, se juegan dos piezas, ò una misma, si halla casa hueca donde&#xA;  entrar; y si la halla ocupada con una pieza sola (que entonces se&#xA;  llama tabla) la puede echar fuera del juego, y ha de volver à entrar&#xA;  por el principio del tabléro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TABLAS.&lt;/strong&gt; A game for two players, played on a board with 12 hollow, semicircular slots [&lt;em&gt;casas&lt;/em&gt;] on each side [...] It is played with two dice and,&#xA;  according to the numbers that come up, two pieces are moved, or just&#xA;  one if it can enter a slot; and if the slot is already occupied by a&#xA;  single piece (then called table), that piece will be taken out of the&#xA;  game and will need to enter the board again from the initial position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus although the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; said that &lt;em&gt;sacar de las casillas&lt;/em&gt; originated in chess, given the nature of the game and that &lt;em&gt;casilla&lt;/em&gt; is the diminutive of &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt;, the metaphor is, according to Iribarren, more likely to have originated in the game of &lt;em&gt;tablas reales&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T02:53:02.047" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T02:53:02.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17780" CreationDate="2016-08-21T06:38:13.723" Score="5" ViewCount="2782" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; is a very versatile preposition with a whole range of meanings and nuances from &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;around&lt;/em&gt; and from &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;by&lt;/em&gt;. However, right now, I am only interested in translating through. So as a translation for &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt;, how does &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; differ from &lt;strong&gt;a través de&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am pretty sure they're not entirely interchangeable at all times. But can't put my finger on how. Would be great if you could quote examples where using one would be preferable over the other. Also, if there's any regional preference, would love to know that too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T11:34:52.550" Title="Translating &quot;through&quot;: &quot;a través de&quot; vs. &quot;por&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17777" CreationDate="2016-08-21T08:22:33.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are only interested in translating through, you can use either of them almost any time. This is because one of the meanings of &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;a través de&lt;/strong&gt;. In writing, there is no preference from the grammatical perspective. These are my comments about usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should favor &lt;strong&gt;a través de&lt;/strong&gt; in cases that the meaning is not perfectly implied.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should use &lt;strong&gt;a través de&lt;/strong&gt; if you want emphasize the meaning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A través de&lt;/strong&gt; may be favored for some people when writing. However it's awkward if you use &lt;strong&gt;a través de&lt;/strong&gt; every time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would mostly use &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; verbally. In fact, I would mostly use &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; if I am writing a letter, an e-mail, a story or any informal text. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; has many equivalents in English; these are some examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;near - esa tienda está por mi casa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by - escrito por mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;because of - lo encerraron por ladrón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for - lo compré por cien pesos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;times - dos por dos son cuatro,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;every single one - peso por peso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T08:22:33.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17656" CreationDate="2016-08-21T08:29:11.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debes poner atención en el verbo tener y te dirá en qué tiempo tienes que escribir el verbo &lt;em&gt;sacar&lt;/em&gt;. O bien, si quieres usar presente en &lt;em&gt;sacar&lt;/em&gt;, usa presente en &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Cuando tenga tiempo, sacaré a pasear al perro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (b) Cuando tengo tiempo, saco a pasear al perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T10:06:47.947" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T10:06:47.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17777" CreationDate="2016-08-21T11:25:27.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are asking for quote examples when one is preferred over the other with the sense of &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt;, here are a few of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you know someone through someone else, you use &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt;. If you use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, the implication would be that you know someone because of, or as a favour to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conocí a Joaquín a través de Carla. Ella nos presentó.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Conocí a Joaquín por Carla. Yo no quería, pero Carla insistió mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When the meaning of &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt; isn't obvious in a given context, &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; is preferred. For example &lt;em&gt;Alice Through the Looking Glass&lt;/em&gt; was translated to Spanish as &lt;em&gt;Alicia a través del espejo&lt;/em&gt;. The alternative &lt;em&gt;Alicia por el espejo&lt;/em&gt; would have been meaningless because without context no one would ever think you can pass through a mirror. Generally, &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; is more restricted than &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, so in case of ambiguity &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; is always a better option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los peajes cambian a través del país&lt;/em&gt; means that as you move across the country, tolls change.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Los peajes cambian por el país&lt;/em&gt; would be more ambiguos, potentially meaning that tolls change from a country to another, or that they change because of the country, for the country, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; expresses a means, it is preferred over &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegó a presidente de la empresa a través de artimañas y mentiras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasar a través de&lt;/em&gt; usually means &quot;to pass through&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Pasar por&lt;/em&gt; usually means &quot;to pass by&quot; (or &quot;to pay a visit&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gato pasó a través de la casa de Carmen&lt;/em&gt; means that a cat used Carmen's house as a pass-through to go somewhere else.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El gato pasó por la casa de Carmen&lt;/em&gt; can be understood in several ways, including that a cat passed by her house.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Of course, with the right context &lt;em&gt;pasar por&lt;/em&gt; can also mean &quot;to pass through&quot;:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por favor, pase por el detector de metales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When &quot;to pass through&quot; is used metaphorically, &lt;em&gt;pasar por&lt;/em&gt; is preferred.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al terminar la compra, pase por caja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's all I can think of right now. If I come up with other differences, I will update the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T11:34:52.550" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T11:34:52.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17789" CreationDate="2016-08-21T16:17:30.827" Score="8" ViewCount="8071" Body="&lt;p&gt;I spent some time recently attempting to translate into English some &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Categor%C3%ADa:F%C3%A1bulas_de_Esopo&amp;amp;pagefrom=La+langosta+y+su+madre#mw-pages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aesop's fables&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that had been translated into Spanish (from the original Greek I am presuming).  Initially, I thought that this would be something that would be good for my level of Spanish.  I soon discovered, however, that this translation project was a bit more challenging than I was expecting due to the phrasing of certain passages as well as some of the vocabulary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One of the words that made me stop and think about how best to translate it was the word &quot;zorra.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  I learned a while back that its predominant meaning is vulgar and not the proper way to refer to a female fox (which would be &quot;zorro hembra&quot;). When did it take on a vulgar connotation?  I am assuming that the translations I am using for this project were made well before the word took on any pejorative meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, does anyone know &lt;strong&gt;why, when &quot;zorro&quot; could just as easily have been used for the translation of &quot;fox&quot; that at least one translator opted to use &quot;zorra?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (In fact, if memory serves me correctly, the fox is often referred to as &quot;Mr. Fox&quot; in the English versions.)  And was this translating of &quot;fox&quot; as &quot;zorra&quot; typical of other translations or just the isolated incidences of one or a handful of translators?  At the page for the Aesop's fables (see link in my first paragraph), I see no fewer than 22 fables with &quot;la zorra&quot; in the title and those are just the ones that start with it, so it looks as if it is a pretty standard/common translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And while I am on this topic, let me also ask about how modern day translators deal with this type of issue today.  For example, if someone wanted to write a new, revised, modern-day version of Aesop's fables, or some other work, &lt;strong&gt;how would a professional translator deal with words that have drifted from their original meanings?&lt;/strong&gt;  In other words, what would &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; translators consider &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; practice?  Using this specific example, would a professional translator change &quot;la zorra&quot; to &quot;el zorro?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did some cursory searching online for information on this, but what I found was rather scant and nothing that addressed this directly except for some comments that were made speculatively about it.  Thanks in advance for any insight you may have on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T01:15:13.340" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T01:15:13.340" Title="Why has &quot;fox&quot; been translated as &quot;zorra&quot; in Spanish versions of Aesop's fables?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17787" CreationDate="2016-08-21T17:21:50.000" Score="3" ViewCount="1523" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other day I was watching some television in English and noticed that full words are not always used.  Occasionally, they are shortened.  For the record, this post is referring to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;shortenings&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a type of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.englishclub.com/writing/abbreviations.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abbreviation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and not the other three types I am aware of (visit the link to view).  I'm also not referring to the ultra new/short/hip shortenings such as &quot;bestie&quot; for &quot;best friend.&quot;  Examples of what I &lt;em&gt;am&lt;/em&gt; talking about follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carb&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;carbohydrate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;decaf&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;decaffeinated&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;limo&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;limousine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;prep&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;preparation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;promo code&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;promotion code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to look up all of those in Word Reference, which was a pleasant surprise, but then there are some that are not found altogether such as &quot;abs&quot; for &quot;abdominals.&quot;  (Word Reference provides Anti-lock Braking System ... not exactly the same thing, but it does list &quot;quadriceps&quot; for &quot;quads.&quot;)  If I don't find something in Word Reference, I usually then turn to Tureng and it often has a word or phrase Word Reference does not, but not always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prior to deciding to post this, I didn't know Word Reference would return so many shortenings of words for me and lead me to the Spanish equivalent, but &lt;strong&gt;after looking up a few of these, I began to wonder how equivalent they really were.  For every shortened English word I looked up, a full Spanish word was returned, but I suspect this tendency to shorten certain words is not exclusive to English.&lt;/strong&gt;  For my level of Spanish right now, what Word Reference, Tureng, and other online resources provide is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will come a day, however, when I will want to take my listening skills to another level and I have discovered that if I am not familiar with a word, I tend not to hear it when it is used in spoken language (especially when listening to fast-talkers).  What would help me at that point is a collection of some of the most common shortenings of words in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what I would like from native or near fluent speakers of Spanish is one shortened word that you think would be good for someone learning Spanish to know.  If you can come up with five, even better.  To give you a clearer idea of what it is I am talking about, here's a link to an article from someone who put together a list of helpful shortenings in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://englishharmony.com/33-word-shortenings/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;33 Word Shortenings Any Foreign English Speaker Should Know!&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in addition to any you can share in this thread, if you happen to know of a resource, free or for purchase, online or otherwise, that contains shortenings and/or other helpful abbreviations, please mention them, too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T09:51:25.307" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T23:14:11.620" Title="What are some of the most useful shortened Spanish words for someone learning Spanish to know?" Tags="&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17788" CreationDate="2016-08-21T18:48:17.470" Score="4" ViewCount="7968" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we use the phrase &quot;fingers crossed&quot; to express anticipation of good luck. Except for the word by word translation &quot;dedos cruzados&quot;, does Latin American Spanish have an equivalent phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13438" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-21T19:38:12.933" LastActivityDate="2019-09-27T11:41:28.117" Title="How do you say &quot;fingers crossed&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17793" CreationDate="2016-08-22T01:58:46.217" Score="3" ViewCount="1718" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Canadienses hacen “coperacha” para jornaleros mexicanos accidentados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa esa expresión? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T07:04:06.660" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T16:05:43.900" Title="¿Qué es &quot;hacer la coperacha&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17785" CreationDate="2016-08-22T04:20:35.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/espanol/coperacha&quot;&gt;diccionario en línea Oxford de español&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;coperacha&quot; es una expresión coloquial mexicana que significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recaudación de donativos hechos con un mismo fin, especialmente si es&#xA;  de tipo benéfico o caritativo. Sinónimo: colecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:20:35.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17782" CreationDate="2016-08-22T06:14:01.407" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two words came from the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la tele&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;el tele&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;la televisión&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;el televisor&lt;/strong&gt; (usage depending on region)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;el auto&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;el automóvil&lt;/strong&gt; (also used in some regions only, others prefer &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I went to the official RAE dictionary to see if they were registered, and indeed, they are listed with etymological origin &lt;em&gt;Acort.&lt;/em&gt;, abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;Acortamiento&lt;/em&gt;. That is, shortening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there is a better way to look for them, but if you run the following Google search: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=acort%20site%3Adle.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;acort site:dle.rae.es&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, you'll find a bunch of these. Note that not every word that comes up in this search matches with your definition. And some of them are only for informal use. And some may be so deeply incorporated into the language that wouldn't be considered as abbreviations, and the usage of the full word would be looked upon as eccentric. And sure there will be newer ones that are not yet registered in the dictionary. Here's a list of some I recognized from the first pages of the search, in no particular order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compa&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;compañero&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;compadre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;cine&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;cinematógrafo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;depre&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;deprimido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;subte&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;subterráneo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;narco&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;narcotraficante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;progre&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;progresista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;bici&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;bicicleta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;boli&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;bolígrafo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;peli&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;película&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;seño&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;señorita&lt;/strong&gt; (female teacher)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;súper&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;supermercado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;foto&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;fotografía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;moto&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;motocicleta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;otorrino&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;otorrinolaringólogo&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another shortening that's not on the dictionary but it's commonly used is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/30339/por-fa-in-place-of-por-favor&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;porfa&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;por favor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2019-05-06T13:02:59.830" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T13:02:59.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17783" CreationDate="2016-08-22T06:48:58.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we just say &lt;strong&gt;cruzar los dedos&lt;/strong&gt;. From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17783/how-do-you-say-fingers-crossed#comment25649_17783&quot;&gt;comment by DGaleano&lt;/a&gt; I can also affirm that this is also used in Latin America (or at least in Colombia, where he is from).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cruza los dedos, ¡empieza el sorteo de la lotería!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Cross fingers, the lottery is about to start&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note your word by word translation is also good: I have also heard &lt;strong&gt;dedos cruzados&lt;/strong&gt; sometimes. Especially when used as an imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in a context of a game, some players may tell each other:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dedos cruzados, empieza el partido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Cross fingers, the match is about to start&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I by the way found some explanations on the expression. In &lt;a href=&quot;https://sigificadoyorigen.wordpress.com/2010/04/19/cruzar-los-dedos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Significado y origen de expresiones famosas&lt;/a&gt; they say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se adjudica a los esclavos negros en América del Norte. Aquellos que mutaron sus creencias y se convirtieron a la fe cristiana, cuando estaban esposados o con las manos atadas y no podían usarlas con libertad para formar una cruz o santiguarse, apelaban a cruzar dos dedos de alguna mano para darle forma al símbolo de los cristianos y así invocar a Dios o elevar una plegaria. Se trataba, entonces, de un recurso para practicar la fe ante situaciones adversas, muy alejado del sentido actual. Hoy consiste en un gesto supersticioso, al que se apela para espantar la mala suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;a href=&quot;http://explicalia.blogspot.com.es/2010/11/sabias-por-que-se-suelen-cruzar-los.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;others&lt;/a&gt; state other things. In general, though, there is always the underlying idea of making a cross with the fingers to symbol the Christian cross and make it &quot;protect&quot; oneself against the bad luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T06:48:58.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17781" CreationDate="2016-08-22T08:32:07.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a strange case where the female form is preferred as a generic by some groups of people.&#xA;I have encountered &quot;fox&quot; translated as &quot;zorra&quot; many times and I don't really know why. However, as a native Spanish speaker, I would say that when referring to the carnivore mammal there is no difference between &quot;zorro&quot; and &quot;zorra&quot;; it is exactly the same.&#xA;On the other hand, both words have secondary meanings and care should be taken when translating so that the meaning is not offensive. Also, if fox is associated with a person additional care should be taken.&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is a person named Mr. Fox or Ms. Fox, the best approach is not to translate so it will read (in Spanish) &quot;el señor Fox&quot; &quot; la señora Fox&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the specific case of the fable you are citing; you have only three options that are equivalent: &quot;el zorro&quot;, &quot;la zorra&quot; or &quot;el señor zorro&quot;. In fact, you could also use &quot;la señora zorra&quot; but it could be taken wrongly by some people. In certain cases, if it couldn't be avoided, you could write something like &quot;El señor y la señora zorro caminaban por el bosque&quot;. Note that we use the masculine as a generic and it is somewhat implied that both &quot;zorros&quot; are a family.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you know, the classical sword ace: &quot;el Zorro&quot; couldn't have been &quot;la Zorra&quot; for the alias was supposed to depict a manly character.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However, you could call a man &quot;la Zorra&quot; if you are implying a deceiving and dishonest character.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When reffereing to a woman, the only possible implication is prostitute thus you should be very careful in this case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please take note that this reflect the point of view of a Northern Mexican. There could be other approaches in other countries because of the fact that the meaning of &quot;zorro&quot; and &quot;zorra&quot; may differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T08:32:07.447" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17794" CreationDate="2016-08-22T09:31:46.983" Score="2" ViewCount="504" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la jerga de internet se habla mucho de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EjqioHD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;emoticonos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. El DRAE ya lo contempla y lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;emoticono&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del ingl. emoticon, y este de emotion 'emoción' y icon 'icono', infl. en su t. por icono.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Inform. Representación de una expresión facial que se utiliza en mensajes electrónicos para aludir al estado de ánimo del remitente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como veis viene de &lt;em&gt;emotion&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;icon&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(al ser un extranjerismo que se pronuncia /aicon/, usamos &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17538/1674&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me pregunto: ¿por qué al traducir el concepto no se tiró más hacia atrás en su etimología y se cogió la palabra española &lt;em&gt;emoción&lt;/em&gt;, tan parecida, en lugar de tomar la inglesa &lt;em&gt;emotion&lt;/em&gt; para formar la palabra? ¿Se trata de un caso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17690/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cronología relativa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T19:27:30.487" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;emoticono&quot; en lugar de &quot;emocicono&quot;, si viene de emoción + icono?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17792" CreationDate="2016-08-22T14:34:28.930" Score="6" ViewCount="5632" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/silly&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/silly&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanishdict.com&lt;/a&gt; translate &lt;em&gt;silly&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;.  However, both as translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/dumb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dumb&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/dumb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; also.  I find this hard to understand because &lt;em&gt;silly&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dumb&lt;/em&gt; are not synonymous in English, and notably calling someone silly in English is generally fun and playful, whereas calling someone dumb in English is an insult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I understand this?  Is it completely context-driven?  Is there a safer word for &lt;em&gt;silly&lt;/em&gt; for a novice to use to ensure it is not taken offensively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11891" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T14:40:00.520" LastActivityDate="2021-02-20T08:50:26.760" Title="Is calling someone &quot;tonto&quot; offensive?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17791" CreationDate="2016-08-22T15:20:04.933" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually depends on the context, and also depends on intonation a lot.  However, I think most of the times we use it (in Spain) in an offensive way, it comes always with some emphasize that makes clear we're talking seriously. If you say it laughing in a non so-serious context it is difficult to offend someone or get misunderstood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in Spain you could use &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5i6Gnjj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;'bobo'&lt;/a&gt; as a translation for silly, since 'bobo' is even more playful. However, it can be offensive too, like you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/2013/12/09/futbol/equipos/valencia/1386586266.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://m.noticiasdenavarra.com/2016/01/29/deportes/futbol/neymar-manolo-lama-habla-mierda-eres-bobo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but is really not so common.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastEditorUserId="11891" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T16:55:09.627" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T16:55:09.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17785" CreationDate="2016-08-22T16:05:43.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el centro de México también se le dice &quot;hacer la vaca&quot;: una colecta para reunir dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13475" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T16:05:43.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17790" CreationDate="2016-08-22T21:23:33.993" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La castellanización de las locuciones de otros idiomas, en general, trata de normalizar de manera escrita la pronunciación original. No es, por lo tanto, necesario hacer un análisis etimológico. Entonces, debido a que el vocablo se pronuncia en la jerga como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/emoticon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ɪˈməʊtɪkɒn&lt;/a&gt; y del hecho que emotivo e ícono son dos palabras comunes del español, la castellanización mas natural sería &lt;em&gt;emoti + ícono&lt;/em&gt; que resulta en dos posibilidades: &lt;strong&gt;emotícono&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;emoticono&lt;/strong&gt;. En el DRAE, el vocablo normalizado es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EjqioHD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emoticono&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, sería demasiado rebuscado recurrir a un análisis etimológico pare esto. Entonces, es preferible normalizar una pronunciación que ya se utiliza que cambiarla por el solo hecho de buscar una consistencia. Al fin y al cabo, hay múltiples inconsistencias en el idioma español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, si bien es cierto que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;emoticon&lt;/strong&gt; proviene de manera inmediata del inglés; emotion (en inglés) y emoción(en español) se derivan, a su vez, del latin &lt;em&gt;motio&lt;/em&gt; que significa movimiento. En español, la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; dependiendo de la pronunciación como en &lt;em&gt;emoción&lt;/em&gt; a diferencia de &lt;em&gt;emotivo&lt;/em&gt;. Esta alteración no ocurre en inglés donde la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; no cambia pero si la pronunciación: &lt;strong&gt;Emotion (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/ingles_americano/emotion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;əˈmōSH(ə)n&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;Emotive (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/ingles_americano/emotive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;əˈmōdiv&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T08:26:17.687" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T08:26:17.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17795" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17802" CreationDate="2016-08-22T22:21:35.307" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few questions regard the blow reader comment to an &lt;a href=&quot;http://elcomidista.elpais.com/elcomidista/2016/07/28/articulo/1469729852_381347.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; on El País:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si de verdad &lt;strong&gt;quieres&lt;/strong&gt; invitar a comer a alguien, es importante&#xA;  adaptarse a sus gustos culinarios, y no pretender hacer proselitismo,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;y menos del&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;comer saludable&quot;, ya sea sin azúcar, sin sal, sin alcohol, sin grasas o cualquier otra novedad sacada de algún libro de&#xA;  autoayuda. Si no &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; está dispuesto a cocinar al gusto,razonablemente,&#xA;  de los comensales, mejor no invitarlos a casa, a no ser, &lt;strong&gt;claro está&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  que se esté dispuesto a tragarse, en silencio, la comida superdulce,&#xA;  hipersalada o grasosísima que te sirvan, en justo pago, el día que te&#xA;  inviten ellos. La fiesta siempre es para los invitados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you really want to invite someone over for dinner, it's important to&#xA;  adapt your cooking to their tastebuds, don't try to convert them, and&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;____&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;eat healthy&quot;, as in no sugar, no salt, no alcohol, no fat or any other novelty taken from a self-help book. If you are not willing to&#xA;  cook, within reasons, to your guests' tastes, it's better to not&#xA;  invite them over, unless, of course, you are willing to swallow, in&#xA;  silence, the super sweet/salty/greasy food that they serve you when&#xA;  they invite you back one day. A party is always for guests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What word/idea does the phrase &quot;menos del comer saludable&quot; attach to?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why does the writer say &quot;si quieres&quot; instead of &quot;quiere&quot;, given that s/he already chose to speak to the readers in &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form, i.e. &quot;adaptarse&quot; instead of &quot;adaptarte&quot;, &quot;está dispuesto&quot; instead of &quot;estás dispuesto&quot;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does the &quot;se&quot; in &quot;se está dispuesto&quot; mean?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does &quot;claro está&quot; mean?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is the subjunctive mood needed in &quot;sea sin azúcar..&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13438" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T13:39:56.217" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T13:39:56.217" Title="How to translate &quot;menos del comer saludable&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17800" CreationDate="2016-08-22T23:09:03.073" Score="4" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in Argentina, so it would be much helpful to get an answer directed to the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to refer to &quot;freezer bags&quot; in Spanish. I know Spanish, so I imagine you can say &quot;bolsas de congelador&quot; or &quot;bolsas de congelados&quot;, but I want to know if there is an official term for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T06:38:27.127" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T06:38:27.127" Title="Commercial term &quot;freezer bag&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-23T00:13:41.077" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm asking a hotel if airport pickup is 24 hours a day as I have a super late flight arriving after midnight, and an early flight departing at 5 in the morning. I asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Transporte es 24 horas por día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe I asked it wrong but the hotel manager responded with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Transporte es por carrera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up in a dictionary and Google translate, but I couldn't find anything that makes sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13480" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T10:47:23.843" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T10:47:23.843" Title="What does &quot;transporte es por carrera&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17795" CreationDate="2016-08-23T01:34:18.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would prefer put these lines it into a comment but it was not possible due to the extension issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Se refiere a: &quot;en especial aquel del&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) No está hablando de Usted. Por ejemplo: &quot;Si no &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está dispuesto a...&quot; es distinto de &quot;Si (usted) no está dispuesto a...&quot;. Aunque por el contexto quede claro que se refiere al lector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Sugiero leer este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Ofrecerse-pasiva%20refleja.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Significa que es obvio. Clearly, of course etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) No es &quot;necesario&quot;, pero habría que reconstruir la oración en una forma diferente si se quiere evitarlo.&#xA;Eg. &lt;em&gt;...y no pretender hacer proselitismo, especialmente de &quot;comer saludable&quot; como, por ejemplo, evitando el azucar, la sal...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12974" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T06:36:47.107" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T06:36:47.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17796" CreationDate="2016-08-23T01:49:58.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que haya algo así como &quot;oficial&quot;. En Argentina es común referirse a ellas como &quot;bolsas para freezer&quot;. No sonaría natural alguien diciendo &quot;bolsas para congelador&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12974" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T01:49:58.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17795" CreationDate="2016-08-23T08:50:24.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;proselitismo&lt;/em&gt;. This is, &lt;em&gt;y menos hacer proselitismo del comer saludable&lt;/em&gt;. In your translation, &lt;em&gt;don't try to convert them, and even less into health food&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is the impersonal-reflexive construction. In English, you would say &lt;em&gt;if one is not willing to cook&lt;/em&gt;. It is a third person construction, nothing to do with the use of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same as the previous bullet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You translated this correctly; it is one of the many ways to say &lt;em&gt;of course&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In fact, &lt;em&gt;sea&lt;/em&gt; does not work as a verb here, but as an alternative conjunction. And you have exactly the same construction in English, using the subjunctive of the verb &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;; you can translate &lt;em&gt;sea&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;be it&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;[...] be it sugar-free, salt-free, alcohol-free [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T09:31:52.180" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T09:31:52.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17808" CreationDate="2016-08-23T09:06:26.233" Score="1" ViewCount="3761" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días leía la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/politica/Podemos-Galicia-lista-primarias-Marea_0_548745576.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Podemos Galicia no logra una lista única para las primarias de En Marea&lt;/a&gt;. En ella se habla de la composición de listas para unas eleccions primarias en Podemos, un partido político español. Bueno, esto no tiene relevancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que la noticia tiene la siguiente entradilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El partido presenta dos candidaturas &lt;strong&gt;oficiales&lt;/strong&gt; y una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;oficiosa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al proceso que dirimirá la lista de la confluencia a las autonómicas del 25 de septiembre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en el cuerpo de la noticia se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tercera candidatura no cuenta con el sello de Podemos aunque algunos de sus promotores y valedores sí son importantes referencias del partido (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que da a pensar que oficial es lo que emana del partido en sí mismo, mientras que oficioso es algo que puede salir del partido, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off_the_record&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;off the record&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE indica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qvz40Hi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;oficioso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Por contraposición a oficial, que hace o dice alguien sin formal ejercicio del cargo público que tiene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claramente no parece el significado que se usa en la noticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigando un poco más veo el debate &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=42777&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'oficial' u 'oficioso'&lt;/a&gt; en el foro del Centro Virtual Cervantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá por uso podría entenderse por oficioso aquello que se da a conocer antes que sea oficial, por lo que todavía no ha entrado en vigor y que con casi toda probabilidad será oficial. Luego ya, de ahí a que se aprovechen y con la expresión oficioso expresen lo que uno quiere que sea es otra cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que concluyo con la pregunta: ¿qué diferencia hay exactamente entre oficial y oficioso? ¿Es la que indico arriba, en cuanto a que algo tiene el &quot;sello&quot; del organismo o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T16:34:44.587" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;oficial&quot; y &quot;oficioso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17803" CreationDate="2016-08-23T10:15:45.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes razón, lo oficial es algo que está ya aprobado, es formal y dada de paso por alguna clase de organismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo oficioso, no es formal o no tiene ese &quot;sello&quot; que así lo haga valer, lo cual no implica que pueda a llegar a ser oficial si bien no es necesario tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora centrándome en el inicio de tu duda, vengo a entender que las dos listas han sido declaradas oficiales porque llevan el beneplácito del partido y por la tanto su respaldo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La oficiosa puede ser una que, si bien no tiene la aprobacion total (sello) del partido en cuestion, sí podría convertirse en oficial si gana el proceso por el cual se dirimirá el proceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13485" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T10:23:32.580" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T10:23:32.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17781" CreationDate="2016-08-23T10:46:38.227" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of animal names are in the feminine form. For example, &lt;code&gt;ballena&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;comadreja&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;rana&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cebra&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pantera&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;rata&lt;/code&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though both &lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt; exist, in Spain the animal was (and is¹) mainly known as &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt;, so it was translated that way. Even if it wasn't, and the translator had the option of equally choose between &lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt;, it could be argued that &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt; is the better choice, given that both the Latin and Greek words for &lt;code&gt;fox&lt;/code&gt; are feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, whether you read &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt; as a generic fox, or as a female &lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt;, it isn't a bad translation choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Samaniego (Spanish fable writer) sometimes used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poemas-del-alma.com/felix-maria-de-samaniego-el-cuervo-y-el-zorro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, sometimes &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/La_zorra_y_las_uvas_(Samaniego)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about the negative connotations. The word &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;started&lt;/em&gt; as a derogatory word, and it was later applied to the animal until then known as &lt;code&gt;raposa&lt;/code&gt;. Sometimes happen that people avoid saying the name of a hated or frightful animal and call them by a characteristic of it, an euphemism or an insult. That's how, for example, &lt;code&gt;fox&lt;/code&gt; comes from a word meaning &lt;em&gt;thick haired&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;renard&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;fox&lt;/code&gt; in French) from a fairy tales &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynard&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;character&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the previous name of &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;raposa&lt;/code&gt;, comes from &lt;em&gt;*rabosa&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tail-ly&quot;). The original Spanish name was &lt;code&gt;vulpeja&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;gulpeja&lt;/code&gt; (from Latin &lt;code&gt;vulpecula&lt;/code&gt;, &quot;small fox&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the connotation was always there, but it isn't very important (I mean, it's the animal's name after all. A lot of animal names have negative connotations (dog, pig, worm, louse...) but it's not what you primarily think about when you see them mentioned in a &lt;em&gt;fable&lt;/em&gt;), and almost unavoidable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your last question: some fables are already known that way by everybody, like &lt;code&gt;La zorra y las uvas&lt;/code&gt;. So I'd guess a modern translator would just use that word, but I don't really know if the negative meanings are more important to current translators, so they'd avoid using &lt;code&gt;zorra&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, we have some local fables in Argentina where the character is a fox, and it's a &lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt;. It even has a name (Juan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ @fedorqui, in the comments, disagrees. He says &lt;code&gt;zorro&lt;/code&gt; is more common in Spain when referring to the animal regardless of sex. Google gives conflicting results. Maybe this can be the subject of a future question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T13:09:52.377" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T13:09:52.377" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17797" CreationDate="2016-08-23T10:46:42.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As fedorqui already said in a comment, &lt;em&gt;carrera&lt;/em&gt; is a word used by the taxi drivers to refer to the service provided (the trip). So the manager's reply probably refers to what the service was going to cost you. It is hard to know whether he understood you or not. Maybe he was taking as granted that you were going to take a taxi, and usually there is no problem with taxis no matter the time of the arrival/departure (they know the timetables of the airports, so as long as there are customers, there are also taxis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, in such a situation what I would say would be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi avión va a salir/llegar de madrugada, ¿habrá algún problema con el transporte hasta el aeropuerto/hotel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the other person will give you advice on what transport to take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T10:46:42.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17781" CreationDate="2016-08-23T11:23:12.363" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the original (ancient greek) version you can see the word (ἀλώπηξ). &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=a%29lw%2Fphc&amp;amp;la=greek&amp;amp;can=a%29lw%2Fphc0&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can see the word can be used in masculine or femenine, but in the original text when refering to the fox Aesop uses ταύτην and ἡ which are femenine forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this (ancient greek) the source of the pejorative meaning of &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt; or is there a previuos source (indo-european)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11216" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T11:23:12.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17803" CreationDate="2016-08-23T12:33:59.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer la noticia y creo que es ligeramente diferente de lo que planteas. No son primarias en Podemos, sino en En Marea, una candidatura de la que Podemos forma parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La noticia habla de que Podemos, como partido, presenta dos candidaturas distintas a las primarias de En Marea; pero hay una tercera candidatura  integrada y avalada por algunos dirigentes de Podemos. No es &lt;em&gt;oficialmente&lt;/em&gt; una candidatura de Podemos, pues no la ha presentado este partido, pero sí lo es &lt;em&gt;oficiosamente&lt;/em&gt;, pues algunos dirigentes destacados de Podemos están ligados a la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T16:34:44.587" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T16:34:44.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17810" CreationDate="2016-08-23T12:51:49.693" Score="13" ViewCount="7150" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title says it all really. Before we started using the vernacular names we always called it &lt;em&gt;the tour of Spain&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. not really understood by Spanish speakers as a tour belonging to Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. a mis-understanding of &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; on my part&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. just an idiom, do not attempt to translate it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="11700" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T06:11:53.563" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T06:11:53.563" Title="Why is the cycle race called La Vuelta &quot;a&quot; España, not &quot;de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17809" CreationDate="2016-08-23T14:26:09.220" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a subtle difference between using 'a' and 'de'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say 'La Vuelta de España', it means the object of this sentence, 'La Vuelta' belongs to Spain and it pertains to it. Like saying 'The Ride of Spain'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say 'La Vuelta a España', it means that 'La Vuelta' is around Spain. Like saying 'The Ride around Spain'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are syntactically right, they just express different ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T14:26:09.220" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17831" CreationDate="2016-08-23T14:42:59.923" Score="3" ViewCount="2091" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que sea necesario traducirlo, pero tengo la curiosidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando termino de enviar todas mis instrucciones a la base de datos y estoy seguro de que todo ha ido bien, &quot;&lt;em&gt;hago un commit&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, es decir, le doy el visto bueno a la base de datos para que haga efectivos los cambios. La otra posibilidad es &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer un rollback&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que ya se discutió en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13454/6915&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna forma de decirlo en español, ya sea el sustantivo (&quot;un commit&quot;) o el verbo (&quot;hacer un commit&quot;)? &quot;Cometer&quot; creo no viene al caso porque se usa principalmente con delitos y pecados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T10:01:34.877" Title="¿Hay alguna forma de traducir al español &quot;commit&quot;, hablando de bases de datos?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17816" CreationDate="2016-08-23T14:58:49.013" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero decir &quot;The Olympic Games are taking place&quot;. ¿Hay alguna diferencia entre las siguientes posibles traducciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está acaeciendo los Juegos Olímpicos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está efectuando los Juegos Olímpicos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está efectuandose los Juegos Olímpicos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user468" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T15:21:29.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T21:00:57.197" Title="Efectuar, efectuarse y acaecer para decir &quot;The Olympic games are taking place&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-23T20:26:34.810" Score="2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tried numerous translators for this sentence I found in my Spanish textbook. I have found that a Chasqui is a sort of Incan messenger, but this seems to make no sense in the context of the sentence from what I can tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me apetece mucho hacer un cartel y un eslogan, pero... ¿qué serán los chasquis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For context, the next sentence is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo ni idea, la verdad. Quizá sean autos o algún animal...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentences are dialogue. It seems the second sentence is saying the chasquis are cars or animals, which makes no sense. I'll just say the person really no tiene ni idea. Also, this is the only relevant part of the text. The two sentences are from a dialogue used to exemplify &quot;Me apetece . . .&quot; and &quot;No tengo ni idea. . . .&quot; There is no other context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13494" LastEditorUserId="13494" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T23:27:41.400" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T23:27:41.400" Title="How do you translate &quot;Me apetece mucho hacer un cartel y un eslogan, pero... ¿qué serán los chasquis?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2016-08-26T08:01:50.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17812" CreationDate="2016-08-23T20:47:14.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;tomar lugar&quot;. It is just like English. I was surprised when I came across this in my textbook a couple of weeks ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13438" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T20:47:14.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17812" CreationDate="2016-08-23T21:00:57.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, &lt;em&gt;los juegos olímpicos&lt;/em&gt; is a plural noun so you need the plural form of the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. Second, your first and third sentences are grammatical and sound, although none of them sound quite right. This answer isn't about grammaticality but about how both verbs &amp;quot;sound&amp;quot;, so there's a significant element of personal opinion that should be taken into account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acaecer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Están acaeciendo los juegos olímpicos?&lt;/em&gt; isn't grammatically wrong but it sounds a bit stilted. &lt;em&gt;Acaecer&lt;/em&gt; is a rather formal verb, not found too often except for certain nouns with wich it is commonly paired, such as &lt;em&gt;hechos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;eventos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sucesos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;situaciones&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fenómenos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/los+acontecimientos+acaecidos.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;acontecimientos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, especially in journalese:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cinco personas --tres de ellas niños-- que resultaron heridas en el accidente múltiple &lt;strong&gt;acaecido&lt;/strong&gt; este jueves en la A-4 a su paso por Manzanares (Ciudad Real) continúan ingresadas en (...).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://noticias.lainformacion.com/catastrofes-y-accidentes/accidente-Manzanares-continuan-ingresados-hospitales_0_946705806.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lainformación.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may also be found with a subordinate clause introduced by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; working as the subject of the sentence in literary contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero &lt;strong&gt;acaeció que&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras tanto, las tres hijas del rey estaban sentadas precisamente detrás de una cortina de la sala de recepción y oían aquellas palabras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blasco Ibáñez, Vicente (c 1916). &lt;em&gt;Traducción de Las mil y una noches.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also found with noun phrases with the structure &lt;em&gt;Lo + adjetivo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gussmann llevaba el germen de un arte moderno (...). Y &lt;strong&gt;acaeció lo inevitable&lt;/strong&gt;. Gussmann creó escuela (...).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Badrinas y Escudé, Antonio (1917). &lt;em&gt;Otto Gussman.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't tell you why, but with &lt;em&gt;los juegos olímpicos&lt;/em&gt; it just doesn't sound right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you are interested, the verb &lt;em&gt;acontecer&lt;/em&gt; works just like &lt;em&gt;acaecer&lt;/em&gt; and is probably a tad more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Efectuar/efectuarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Efectuar&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;to effect&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to execute&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;to bring about&amp;quot;, not so much &amp;quot;to happen&amp;quot;, so &lt;em&gt;¿están efectuando los juegos olímpicos?&lt;/em&gt; doesn't really make sense. Now, it is also true that if something is effected, executed or brought about, it happens, so the middle voice for &lt;em&gt;efectuar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;efectuarse&lt;/em&gt;) should work. &lt;em&gt;¿Se están efectuando los juegos olímpicos?&lt;/em&gt; is actually what sounds best to me from your three options, but I still find it unnecessarily formal. I would expect to find sentences like &lt;em&gt;Los juegos olímpicos se efectuarán según lo planeado&lt;/em&gt; on the news or in a newspaper, but not in a conversation. For many real life examples, you can change your google settings to Spanish, look up &lt;em&gt;efectuar&lt;/em&gt; and click on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?client=ms-android-orange-es&amp;amp;biw=360&amp;amp;bih=249&amp;amp;tbm=nws&amp;amp;ei=gri8V8zdAYG2UbKXgqgG&amp;amp;q=efectuar&amp;amp;oq=efectuar&amp;amp;gs_l=mobile-gws-serp.3...22549.24126.0.25155.8.6.0.2.2.0.317.1110.0j4j1j1.6.0....0...1c.1j4.64.mobile-gws-serp..1.6.706...0.LcJR7NdgAYc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Noticias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, a verb that means &lt;em&gt;to take place&lt;/em&gt; and is used in colloquial Spanish as well as formal Spanish is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener lugar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Your sentence sounds incomplete with any verb I can think of, but you can say things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este año, los juegos olímpicos tuvieron lugar en Río.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and sound perfectly natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T21:00:57.197" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17818" CreationDate="2016-08-24T06:30:06.973" Score="5" ViewCount="2117" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen en español palabras que acaban con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-únculo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IHdMqdL&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forúnculo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Inflamación purulenta producida por la infección bacteriana de un folículo piloso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KcFjeMR&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Homúnculo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Hombre pequeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V8DBMFn&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ranúnculo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Planta herbácea anual, de la familia de las ranunculáceas, venenosa, común en terrenos húmedos, de flores generalmente amarillas o blancas, y de la que existen varias especies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SKHBrlj&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pedúnculo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Prolongación del cuerpo, mediante la cual están fijos al suelo algunos animales de vida sedentaria, como los percebes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE se pueden consultar prefijos y sufijos, pero &lt;em&gt;-únculo&lt;/em&gt; no viene recogido. Así que imagino que será una forma de construir palabras que viene del latín (todas las palabras mencionadas vienen directamente del latín), posiblemente con el significado de &quot;pequeño&quot; (ya que &lt;em&gt;homúnculo&lt;/em&gt; es un hombre pequeño). ¿Es así? Pero entonces, ¿un &lt;em&gt;forúnculo&lt;/em&gt; qué es etimológicamente hablando? ¿Un &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; pequeño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿existen más palabras en español con esta terminación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T14:52:08.030" Title="¿Qué significa el sufijo &quot;-únculo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17817" CreationDate="2016-08-24T06:57:55.110" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no refleja la etimología, pero buscando en inglés el Online Etymology Dictionary da algunas pistas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=homunculus&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;homunculus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (n.) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/homunculus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Look up homunculus at Dictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;tiny human being produced artificially,&quot; 1650s, from Latin homunculus (plural homunculi), literally &quot;little person,&quot; &lt;strong&gt;with -culus, diminutive suffix&lt;/strong&gt;, + homo (genitive hominis), which technically meant &quot;male human,&quot; but it also was used with a sense &quot;the human race, mankind;&quot; while in Vulgar Latin it could be used as &quot;one, anyone, they, people&quot; and in logical and scholastic writing as &quot;a human being, person.&quot; This is conjectured to be perhaps from PIE *(dh)ghomon-, literally &quot;earthling,&quot; from *dhghem- &quot;earth&quot; (see chthonic; also compare human). Other Latin diminutives from homo included homullus, homuncio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace a Dictionary.com nos lleva a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/homunculus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;homunculus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   1650-60; &amp;lt; Latin, equivalent to homun- (variant of homin-, stem of homō man; see Homo ) + -culus &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/-cule&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-cule&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el último enlace llegamos a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-cule&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. variant of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/-cle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-cle&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  animalcule; molecule; reticule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nos lleva a la referencia final, la útil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-cle&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Word Origin&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. a suffix found in French loanwords of Latin origin, originally diminutive nouns, and later in adaptations of words borrowed directly from Latin or in Neo-Latin coinages:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  article; conventicle; corpuscle; particle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que se trata de un sufijo usado como diminutivo, usado especialmente para las palabras inventadas (&lt;em&gt;coinages&lt;/em&gt;) en Neolatín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto lo refleja también Online Etymology Dictionary en su entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=-cule&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-cule&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;word-forming element used to make diminutives&lt;/strong&gt;, from French -cule or directly from Latin -culus (masc.), -cula (fem.), -culum (neuter); these appear to be variants of the diminutive suffix -ulus (see -ule) used after -i-, -e-, -u-, and consonant stems [Gildersleeve], or might be a double-diminutive involving &quot;an ancient diminutive suffix *-qo-&quot; [Palmer, &quot;The Latin Language&quot;]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas las palabras que indicas, este sufijo diminutivo encaja con &lt;em&gt;forúnculo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;homúnculo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=peduncle&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pedúnculo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, ranúnculo parece que no, ¿verdad? Pues sí, ¡también! &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/ranunculus?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dictionary.com nos indica&lt;/a&gt; que viene de renacuajo, es decir rana pequeña. Así que confirmaría el uso de este diminutivo en los cuatro ejemplos que presentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero entonces, ¿un &lt;em&gt;forúnculo&lt;/em&gt; qué es etimológicamente hablando? ¿Un &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; pequeño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como tú mismo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17817/qu%C3%A9-significa-el-sufijo-%C3%BAnculo#comment25738_17818&quot;&gt;descubriste&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&amp;amp;search=furuncle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;forúnculo&lt;/a&gt; viene de fur, furis (ladrón), teniendo por tanto la misma raíz que furtivo. Significaría &quot;pequeño ladrón&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿existen más palabras en español con esta terminación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quise utilizar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario inverso&lt;/a&gt; dirae.es para encontrar otras palabras con esta terminación. Sin embargo, parece que el buscador está caído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17787/1674&quot;&gt;rsanchez nos descubrió el otro día&lt;/a&gt; un truco muy majo para encontrar palabras, así que le pregunté a google &lt;code&gt;culo site:dirae.es&lt;/code&gt; y encontré algunas cosas. Sin embargo, al no ser palabras completas tampoco fue de mucha utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, di con un fichero que tienen por ahí llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/static/lemario-inverso-20110518.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lemario-inverso-20110518.txt&lt;/a&gt; donde encontré las siguientes palabras terminadas en &lt;em&gt;-culo&lt;/em&gt;, para alguna de las cuales busqué su entrada en el DRAE. En la mayoría de casos encaja con el sentido de diminutivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;culo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4lGM378&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;báculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;caculo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MI5zopY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jáculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8By1G2O&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cenáculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;tenáculo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xr5EMax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;signáculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UOzHzWG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;propugnáculo&lt;/a&gt; (esta no parece compartir etimología de diminutivo)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T1yt7JD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pináculo&lt;/a&gt; (tampoco)&#xA;tabernáculo&#xA;infernáculo&#xA;vernáculo&#xA;invernáculo&#xA;tapaculo&#xA;umbráculo&#xA;espiráculo&#xA;oráculo&#xA;arrastraculo&#xA;espectáculo&#xA;habitáculo&#xA;tentáculo&#xA;sustentáculo&#xA;receptáculo&#xA;obstáculo&#xA;lambeculo&#xA;espéculo&#xA;reculo&#xA;cubículo&#xA;fascículo&#xA;edículo&#xA;pedículo&#xA;ridículo&#xA;ofendículo&#xA;perpendículo&#xA;vehículo&#xA;calículo&#xA;folículo&#xA;caulículo&#xA;panículo&#xA;adminículo&#xA;funículo&#xA;apículo&#xA;currículo&#xA;ventrículo&#xA;sículo&#xA;versículo&#xA;baticulo&#xA;retículo&#xA;dentículo&#xA;conventículo&#xA;fontículo&#xA;montículo&#xA;artículo&#xA;divertículo&#xA;testículo&#xA;cálculo&#xA;animálculo&#xA;ardínculo&#xA;vínculo&#xA;carbúnculo&#xA;pedúnculo&#xA;homúnculo&#xA;ranúnculo&#xA;forúnculo&#xA;furúnculo&#xA;fóculo&#xA;flóculo&#xA;inóculo&#xA;binóculo&#xA;monóculo&#xA;póculo&#xA;tubérculo&#xA;opérculo&#xA;círculo&#xA;semicírculo&#xA;tórculo&#xA;súrculo&#xA;másculo&#xA;ósculo&#xA;flósculo&#xA;semiflósculo&#xA;músculo&#xA;minúsculo&#xA;munúsculo&#xA;crepúsculo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R80nyu8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;opúsculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;corpúsculo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JatIfoa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grupúsculo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;mayúsculo&#xA;dilúculo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T14:52:08.030" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17588" CreationDate="2016-08-25T00:46:15.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me contentaría con la conversación que pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso específico de la partícula de la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&quot;que pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A&quot;&lt;/em&gt; tenemos un ejemplo de una oración de relativo. Una oración de relativo es aquella que aporta información adicional de un sustantivo. En este caso la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nos da información adicional sobre la conversación. De la misma manera son oraciones de relativo las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El gimnasio &lt;em&gt;a donde voy todos los días&lt;/em&gt; ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El auto &lt;em&gt;que me regaló mi padre&lt;/em&gt; ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los días &lt;em&gt;que son mas cortos en invierno&lt;/em&gt; ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La charla &lt;em&gt;cuya culminación sería inesperada&lt;/em&gt; ... &#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El en la oración que propones también hay una oración subordinada que no es de relativo. A pesar de que la he visto referida como oración completiva, no estoy seguro que esta definición sea del todo rigurosa. En el ejemlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la conversación que pudiera mantener a solas con la señora A &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una oración subordinada sustantiva de objeto directo. En este caso la preposición &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; introduce la oración subordinada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, para complicar aun más las cosas, te diré que las oraciones de relativo también son oraciones subordinadas pero de tipo adjetivo. Existen tres tipos de oraciones subordinadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De éstas solo las adjetivas se conocen como de relativo. El truco es que las oraciones adjetivas se refieren exclusivamente a un sustantivo. Las otras dos, se refieren a una oración bimembre. Entonces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la conversacion &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por ser unimembre (solo tiene sujeto), su oración subordinada resulta ser adjetiva (o de relativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me contentaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por ser bimembre (tiene sujeto y predicado) su oración subordinada solo puede ser adverbial o sustantiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2016-08-31T00:03:13.620" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T00:03:13.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17821" CreationDate="2016-08-25T10:48:42.720" Score="6" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate the following phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope that she &lt;em&gt;[my sister]&lt;/em&gt; will not be ill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context of the phrase is that my family holiday will be cancelled if my sister continues to be ill. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my limited experience of the subjunctive mood - which I presume must be used here as I am 'hoping' - I would use the future subjunctive. However, it seems that the further subjunctive is rather archaic in modern Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nowadays, the present subjunctive is used in virtually all cases in which the future subjunctive would have been used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100059/future-subjunctive#.V77MXP94XCQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanishdict&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With which tense should I translate it and would that be commonly understood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="12426" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T13:30:32.120" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T21:49:52.817" Title="Future subjunctive of &quot;I hope that she will not be ill&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17820" CreationDate="2016-08-25T11:57:14.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Future subjunctive in this case would actually require the initial verb to be in the future: &lt;em&gt;esperaré que no estuviere enferma mi hermana&lt;/em&gt;, but that's not going to be commonly heard.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  There are several ways you can represent the future in a clause that must go in the subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use the present subjunctive with or without temporal indications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As you already noted, this is probably the most common.  If you feel there may be confusion between a future reference and a present one due to lack of context, you can just add in some adverb or adverbial clause indicating the correct temporal reference:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que no esté enferma ahora (present reference)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espero que no esté enferma la semana que viene (future reference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use present subjunctive with periphrastic future&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Use the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; along with the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and your main verb in the infinitive.  This construction creates a future aspect.  It's not very common, though.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que no vaya a estar enferma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Just use plain future&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are some grammarians who classify future and conditional in separate moods, and to me this is one of the good evidences as to why future shouldn't be considered strictly indicative:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que no estará enferma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order of commonality, you'll find present subjunctive the most, followed by simple future, followed lastly by the periphrastic.  And based on NGrams, the proportion of usage is about 75/23/2, but that doesn't take into account the present-tense senses of the present subjunctive, so the simple future may be a bit commoner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Note even in Portuguese where the future subjunctive is alive and well, you can't say &lt;em&gt;espero que não estiver doente&lt;/em&gt;, it would be either &lt;em&gt;espero que não esteja doente&lt;/em&gt; with present subjunctive or &lt;em&gt;espero que não vá estar doente&lt;/em&gt; with present subjunctive and periphrastic future&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T15:40:54.750" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T15:40:54.750" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17823" CreationDate="2016-08-25T14:11:01.810" Score="2" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;This word is used in the news, I need a Spanish translation, preferably one word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My only research was google translate: &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com.ar/#en/es/allegedly&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://translate.google.com.ar/#en/es/allegedly&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;it translates as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pretendidamente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, as an argentinian speaker I've never heard or read that word in the news, I don't like that translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jalopnik.com/a-philly-tow-truck-company-is-allegedly-setting-traps-t-1785705852&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Example&lt;/a&gt;:  A Philly Tow Truck Company Is Allegedly Setting Traps To Impound Cars&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T14:42:25.003" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T14:42:25.003" Title="Translation of &quot;allegedly&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17822" CreationDate="2016-08-25T14:28:34.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common word used in the news to convey that meaning is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;presuntamente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your headline would be translated like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compañía de grúas de Philadelphia &lt;strong&gt;presuntamente&lt;/strong&gt; coloca trampas para confiscar carros/coches&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T14:28:34.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17881" CreationDate="2016-08-25T16:30:55.793" Score="3" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep hearing an ad on the radio for wayfair.com that starts out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;wayfair punto com tiene todo que necessita para &lt;strong&gt;slogar&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I can't find any translation for the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;slogar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, so I feel like I have it wrong. The only thing I can think of is that it's actually &quot;para su logar&quot; but I can't distinguish that even when listening very carefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know what word this is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13514" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T09:59:51.713" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T09:59:51.713" Title="What does &quot;slogar&quot; mean, or what could the word be?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15278" CreationDate="2016-08-25T16:52:17.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi casa se utiliza pero no con un sentido positivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene más que ver con holgazanería, obcecarse con hacer algo incorrecto. Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;anda que estar tirado en el sofá todo el día y no ser capaz ni de tirar la basura... Tienes los cojones cuadrados!&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo asocio con una deformación de la expresión &quot;tener la cabeza cuadrada&quot;, pero refiriéndose a algo negativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13515" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-05-07T15:13:46.337" LastActivityDate="2020-05-07T15:13:46.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14892" CreationDate="2016-08-25T16:54:37.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Echarse un coyotito&quot; means &quot;To take a nap&quot; just like the coyotes do during day time, but this must happen in an unconspicuos place, if you get caught you don't say &quot;me estaba echando una siesta&quot; you say &quot;me estaba echando un coyotito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13516" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T16:54:37.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15722" CreationDate="2016-08-25T19:42:56.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &quot;Is that it?&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Eso es todo? / ¿Listo? / ¿(Eso) sería todo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;Come here&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ven aquí (most common in Latin America).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13339" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T06:03:27.253" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T06:03:27.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17828" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-26T05:09:55.667" Score="13" ViewCount="1738" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a family medicine doctor, I want to refine how I express empathy with the different types of suffering that people experience. My voice and body language show the empathy I feel, but I don't feel I am verbally expressing it well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to tell your primary care doctor of your suffering or difficulties, how would you expect/want them to respond?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our southern California clinic, the majority of our Spanish-speaking patients are from Mexico, a number are from El Salvador, and the rest from all over Latin America. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issues I run into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;perdon&quot; has no role unless I made a mistake&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lo siento&quot; seems to carry the feeling that I am at least partly at fault&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lamento que&quot; is definitely appropriate sometimes but often too strong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;que pena&quot; or &quot;que lastima&quot; I don't feel like I have mastered using these well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, I express myself well, but don't feel I have a good grasp for the Spanish equivalents of things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm sorry&quot; (that you've had to endure that, for your loss, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm sorry to hear that&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;That has to be very difficult&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;That is quite a burden you've had to carry.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mild pain/suffering or just molestias&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severe pain/suffering&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accidents or injuries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Death or other loss of a loved one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Their having caused harm to another person (e.g. guilt for accidentally injuring one's child etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discussing end of life care, delivering news of terminal illness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate any and all help in this!  :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I plan to compile this into something I can share with my colleagues as well, who are different stages of learning Spanish; even when using an interpreter, it helps people connect to be able to express empathy without an interpreter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="2790" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T14:32:34.107" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T04:11:40.867" Title="How does a doctor phrase expressions of empathy in Spanish? Similar to &quot;I'm sorry to hear that...&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17811" CreationDate="2016-08-26T09:08:32.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;strong&gt;confirmar&lt;/strong&gt; es una opción correcta. En base de datos se &lt;em&gt;confirman&lt;/em&gt; los cambios para que sean permanentes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la versión española de la aplicación para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Git&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;(TortoiseSVN)&lt;/em&gt; el equipo de traducción eligió esta palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tortoisesvn.net/docs/nightly/TortoiseSVN_en/tsvn-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://tortoisesvn.net/docs/nightly/TortoiseSVN_en/tsvn-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tortoisesvn.net/docs/nightly/TortoiseSVN_es/tsvn-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://tortoisesvn.net/docs/nightly/TortoiseSVN_es/tsvn-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T09:58:48.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T09:58:48.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17811" CreationDate="2016-08-26T09:50:47.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo la traduciría por &lt;strong&gt;consolidar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En bases de datos se utiliza el concepto de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transacci%C3%B3n_%28base_de_datos%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;transacción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que, según me explicaron hace ya muchos años, es en realidad un conjunto de operaciones básicas o &lt;em&gt;atómicas&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;insert&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;update&lt;/em&gt;, etc) íntimamente relacionadas entre sí, las cuales no tienen sentido por separado. En ellas, un solo fallo en cualquiera de esas operaciones básicas hace que la transacción sea cancelada (&lt;em&gt;roll back&lt;/em&gt;), deshaciendo incluso aquellas operaciones básicas que sí han terminado sin fallos; de lo contrario la información guardada sería inconsistente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3058" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T10:01:34.877" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T10:01:34.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17832" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17834" CreationDate="2016-08-26T11:09:53.663" Score="7" ViewCount="1834" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common in many situations to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: I don't know what to do with that problem. I cannot seem to find a good solution to everyone...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: &lt;strong&gt;Sleep on it&lt;/strong&gt;! I am sure once you rest you will manage to get a good solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, we say &lt;em&gt;sleep on it&lt;/em&gt; to mention that after some rest, or just some time to think, we are more capable to determine what is best on a given situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I say this in Spanish? Is &lt;strong&gt;consultarlo con la almohada&lt;/strong&gt; a good approach with the same meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T08:43:09.840" Title="&quot;Sleep on it&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17832" CreationDate="2016-08-26T15:56:11.330" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just by reading the question title, my straight, undoubted answer was &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;consúltalo con la almohada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. After that, I saw that was your proposed answer, and I think it is the best option, as it respects the sense of taking a rest and freeing your mind before taking any decision.&#xA;The exact meaning is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1zmhzwS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aconsejarse, o consultar, con la almohada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Meditar sobre algún asunto, aplazando la decisión durante un breve tiempo, normalmente por un día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just think how many times you have find the solution to a problem while your head was on the pillow. Moreover, I can't think of any other option right now. Maybe &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;repósalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;piénsatelo con calma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just out of curiosity, centuries ago there used to be an expression in Spanish quite close to the English one. It's found in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (book III, 1732) and in the edition of the DRAE of 1780:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DORMIR SOBRE ELLO.&lt;/strong&gt; Es tomar tiempo para deliberar mejor en un negócio, mirándolo despácio. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Maturius rem considerare, deliberare.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same dictionary but in another book (book I, 1726), it already appears the current expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consultar, ò hacer la cuenta con la almoháda.&lt;/strong&gt; Es tomar tiempo para meditar algun negócio, y digerirle entre nosotros mismos, à fin de proceder con maduréz en la resolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T08:43:09.840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T08:43:09.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17828" CreationDate="2016-08-27T17:40:21.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siento comunicarle que...&quot; (if it's serious) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desafortunadamente...&quot; (that's more for heavier situations too) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tengo una buena y no tan buena noticia...&quot; (if you have bad and good news maybe?) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siento que usted haya estado sufriendo/con mucho dolor...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just some examples of how to handle difficult situations maybe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11958" LastActivityDate="2016-08-27T17:40:21.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17828" CreationDate="2016-08-27T19:00:52.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sorry that you've had to endure that: &lt;em&gt;siento mucho que tenga que pasar por esto / siento mucho tener que decirle que...&lt;/em&gt;(I'm sorry to tell you that...)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;I'm sorry for your loss: &lt;em&gt;siento mucho su pérdida&lt;/em&gt; (formal way) &lt;em&gt;tu perdida&lt;/em&gt; (informal way)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;I'm sorry to hear that: &lt;em&gt;siento escuchar eso&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;lo siento mucho&lt;/em&gt; (I'm so sorry)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;That has to be very difficult: &lt;em&gt;debe ser muy dificil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;That is quite a burden you've had to carry: &lt;em&gt;es muy dificil por lo que tiene que pasar&lt;/em&gt;(more common in Mexico) / &lt;em&gt;es una carga muy pesada para usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of a loss we (in Mexico) just say: &lt;em&gt;lo siento&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;lo siento mucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they accidentally caused harm to somebody: &lt;em&gt;sé como te sientes, pero no es culpa tuya&lt;/em&gt; (informal like when you're talking to younger people) &lt;em&gt;sé como se siente pero no es culpa suya&lt;/em&gt; (formal if it's an adult, a colleague, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discussing end of life care, delivering news of terminal illness: &lt;em&gt;siento mucho tener que informarle que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13534" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2019-07-24T04:11:40.867" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T04:11:40.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4826" CreationDate="2016-08-28T01:20:29.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, people often use &quot;Qué bueno&quot; in this situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is an older adult, or someone you want to be formal with: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bueno verle de nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bueno verle otra vez. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a friend, or a less formal situation then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bueno verte de nuevo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bueno verte otra vez. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13536" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-28T19:48:42.790" LastActivityDate="2016-08-28T19:48:42.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17832" CreationDate="2016-08-28T16:38:54.797" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's an expression in English language to think on something or an idea, maybe to give it a while before taking a decision. Here are some phrases to express the same idea in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Piénsalo con calma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Descansa un poco y medita al respecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale más vueltas a la idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2664" LastActivityDate="2016-08-28T16:38:54.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17841" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17846" CreationDate="2016-08-29T06:51:27.260" Score="8" ViewCount="1256" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la serie de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppa_Pig&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Peppa Pig&lt;/a&gt; hay un personaje (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Personajes_de_Peppa_Pig&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Edmond Elephant&lt;/a&gt;) que, cada vez que puede, corrige a los demás si ve que se han equivocado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Qué frutas os gustan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -A mí las peras.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -A mí las manzanas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -A mí los plátanos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -A mí las zanahorias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&lt;strong&gt;E.E.:&lt;/strong&gt; Pero la zanahoria no es una fruta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Ah, no?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&lt;strong&gt;E.E.:&lt;/strong&gt; No, es una hortaliza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-[Refiriéndose a la forma de un tobogán.] Es un gran brontosaurio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&lt;strong&gt;E.E.:&lt;/strong&gt; Perdone que le corrija, pero el verdadero nombre de este dinosaurio es &quot;apatosaurio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a esta característica, al personaje le tildan de &lt;em&gt;un poquito sabiondo&lt;/em&gt;, tanto por parte del narrador como por parte de otros personajes. El caso es que me extrañó porque pensaba que &quot;sabiondo&quot; era una palabra despectiva. La busqué en la RAE y encuentro esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WtU4l19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabiondo, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que presume de sabio sin serlo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahí ya me extrañó, porque las cosas que dice el elefante sí que son ciertas. Así que consulté la versión original, y el término que usan en inglés es &lt;em&gt;clever clogs&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/clever%20clogs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;clever clogs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A person who is clever in a way that is annoying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la definición en inglés no cuestiona el que el calificado como tal sea o no listo, sólo que muestra sus conocimientos de forma molesta, lo cual encaja mucho mejor con el personaje de la serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, veo una discrepancia entre las dos palabras usadas en ambas versiones. La cuestión es, ¿hay alguna alternativa mejor que &quot;sabiondo&quot; y que refleje mejor el significado del término inglés? He encontrado &lt;em&gt;sabidillo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wt1pLsS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabidillo, lla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. Que presume de entendido y docto sin serlo o sin venir a cuento. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no estoy seguro de que refleje completamente el término en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto: con esta definición, &quot;sabiondo&quot; se postula como candidato a responder &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17334/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T13:56:40.307" Title="Alternativas para &quot;sabiondo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17841" CreationDate="2016-08-29T07:14:01.407" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wsustft&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; creo que le encaja muy bien, y además aparece en el DRAE.&#xA;A tener en cuenta que puede obtener tono despectivo en función del tono en el que se emplee (igual que sabiondo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay quien emplea &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=resabido&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;resabido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coloquialmente, en España se emplea mucho &quot;listillo&quot;, aunque tiene connotación despectiva, y también se emplea, para hablar de aquellas personas que sacan provecho de las demás al ser más &quot;espabiladas&quot; . Creo que es un ejemplo de palabra con otro significado, que por uso popular está cambiando su acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13537" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-29T08:08:10.553" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T08:08:10.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17844" CreationDate="2016-08-29T08:53:20.093" Score="4" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el fútbol cada pocos meses ocurre lo mismo: las competiciones domésticas se detienen unos días para dar paso a partidos de las selecciones nacionales. De un tiempo a esta parte se ha puesto de moda llamar &lt;strong&gt;parón&lt;/strong&gt; a esta pausa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2015/08/31/primera/1441020029_744279.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parón&lt;/em&gt; de selecciones: el Barça pierde a 14 internacionales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.90min.com/es/posts/1992636-las-10-razones-por-las-cuales-los-aficionados-odian-el-paron-de-selecciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Las 10 razones por las cuales los aficionados odian el &lt;em&gt;parón&lt;/em&gt; de selecciones&lt;/a&gt; (la foto que encabeza la noticia no tiene pérdida)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fcbarcelona.es/futbol/primer-equipo/noticias/2016-2017/el-plan-de-entrenamientos-con-el-paron-por-selecciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El plan de entrenamientos con el &lt;em&gt;parón&lt;/em&gt; por selecciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece curioso que se use esta palabra en lugar de &lt;em&gt;parada&lt;/em&gt;, así que consulté su significado en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RxiT61k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;parón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Parada brusca y total de algo o alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RpRAesx%7CRpSGwPJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;parada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Acción de parar o detenerse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Lugar o sitio donde se para.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Fin o término del movimiento de algo, especialmente de la carrera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Especialmente en la música, suspensión o pausa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. Sitio o lugar donde se recogen o juntan las reses.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [mil acepciones más, incluidas unas cuantas militares]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto el significado de &lt;em&gt;parón&lt;/em&gt;, mi duda se acrecienta aún más: si es algo que está más que planificado, no creo preciso llamarlo &lt;em&gt;brusco&lt;/em&gt;. La parada es total, sí, pero al fin y al cabo solo implica un fin de semana sin fútbol. Llamarlo así me parece algo excesivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que los periodistas de deportes siempre tienden a sobrecargar sus crónicas para darles un toque de épica. Pero, ¿hace falta forzar un adjetivo de esta manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe por qué, pues, se opta por usar &lt;em&gt;parón&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de la cálida y bella &lt;em&gt;parada&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T10:16:13.603" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;parón&quot; en lugar de &quot;parada&quot; para las pausas hechas en el fútbol cuando se reúnen las selecciones?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17843" CreationDate="2016-08-29T10:16:13.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que algo sea &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6BthYKd%7C6BvWbZN%7C6By3fXt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;brusco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no quiere decir que sea &lt;em&gt;inesperado&lt;/em&gt;, tan solo que ha sido rápido o repentino. Una parada puede estar planificada y ser brusca. Por ejemplo, pasar de jugar un partido a la semana a cero a la semana, o emitirse un capítulo de una serie por semana a emitirse cero capítulos. Es como si un coche pasara de cien a cero al chocar contra un muro. Puede estar planificado, como un &lt;em&gt;crash test&lt;/em&gt;, pero no por ello deja de ser brusco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, según la acepción 4 de &lt;em&gt;parada&lt;/em&gt;, como argumentas, podría servir para definir la pausa que hacen las temporadas de liga. Sin embargo, yo creo que aquí entran en juego los sentimientos. Para cualquiera que en algún momento haya estado enganchado a la liga o a una serie, ver el siguiente partido o episodio tiene el mismo efecto que recibir tu dosis semanal de droga. la palabra &lt;em&gt;parada&lt;/em&gt; se puede quedar pequeña, por lo que &lt;em&gt;parón&lt;/em&gt; describe mejor lo que ha pasado: he dejado de recibir de golpe mi dosis semanal de droga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T10:16:13.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2016-08-29T11:07:25.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que como bien dices, el &lt;em&gt;pretty print&lt;/em&gt; no tiene por qué ser en color, yo pondría: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mostrar con formato legible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no usaría &lt;strong&gt;imprimir&lt;/strong&gt; porque en castellano se refiere a impresiones físicas con impresora, no a una pantalla. El equivalente de &lt;em&gt;display&lt;/em&gt; sería mostrar por pantalla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haber ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13548" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T11:07:25.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17841" CreationDate="2016-08-29T11:28:18.747" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras comentarlo debajo de la pregunta, hemos visto que en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/clever-dick-clever-clogs.1251729/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una discusión de WordReference&lt;/a&gt; ofrecen distintas alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W70tHiJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;resabiado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Dicho de una persona: Que, por su experiencia vital, ha perdido su ingenuidad volviéndose agresiva o desconfiada&lt;/em&gt;. No acaba de encajar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wsustft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;1. m. y f. coloq. Persona que presume de sabia sin serlo. U. t. c. adj&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco encaja, pues buscamos el caso de alguien que sí sabe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=18BUysH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;agrandado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;1. adj. coloq. Col. Que se cree superior a los demás. U. t. c. s&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco encaja, pues obvia la parte del conocimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hab06xp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fanfarrón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;1. adj. Que se precia y hace alarde de lo que no es, y en particular de valiente. U. t. c. s&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco vale, pues en este caso sí que se sabe (igual que en &lt;em&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NQThQl7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;listillo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ya comentada por Josías en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17842/1674&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;4. adj. coloq. Que presume de saber o estar enterado de todo. U. t. c. s. U. m. en dim&lt;/em&gt; (usado más en diminutivo). Encaja bastante con lo que se busca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una que tú destacaste es &lt;strong&gt;repipi&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W26V8jH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repipi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Dicho especialmente de un niño: Afectado y pedante. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que por edad y circunstancias parece ser la que encaja mejor en el contexto de los dibujos animados para niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T13:56:40.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-29T17:51:35.090" Score="6" ViewCount="2067" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain to me this expression I heard from a friend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ni qué buenas ni qué nada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13555" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T13:45:56.030" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T13:45:56.030" Title="What does this expression mean? &quot;¡Ni qué buenas ni qué nada!&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2016-08-29T18:13:54.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente compleja una respuesta, porque hasta ahora no hay una que sea extendida a todos los países. Casi todas las aportadas no se entenderían o sonarían forzadas en España, por ejemplo. Hay que tener en cuenta que en México y otros países, como tienen más dominio del inglés y están más en contacto con él, &quot;importan&quot; más expresiones que acaban siendo anglicismos locales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner orden en una jaula de grillos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría valer, aunque tiene más connotación de poner orden en el caos, no de &quot;domar&quot; a alguien o algo que, a causa de su naturaleza, es casi imposible conseguir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pastorear gatos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se entendería pero nadie usaría esa frase, suena a traducción. Si acaso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adiestrar gatos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero tampoco es una frase hecha o que la gente use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción más aproximada que se me ocurre es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Domar demonios&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que sí la he oído. Pero sigue sin convencerme ninguna solución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner puertas al campo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede ser otra aproximación, pero tiene otra connotación; intentar retener algo imposible de contener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que alguna te inspire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13548" LastEditorUserId="13548" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T07:36:20.847" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T07:36:20.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-29T22:58:09.163" Score="6" ViewCount="2973" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start of, let me clarify what I &quot;know&quot; about &quot;&lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and &quot;&lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Uno&lt;/em&gt; is used when the object is not mentioned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un&lt;/em&gt; is when the object is mentioned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una&lt;/em&gt; is the feminine form of &quot;&lt;em&gt;Un&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Again, please correct me if I'm wrong.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, how would these phrases be translated in Spanish. More importantly if we have a phrase where the amount is a two digit number or higher- except eleven- ending with 1 (i.e. 21, 41, 101), would the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt;&quot; change in certain conditions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phrases in question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;En julio hay treinta y un días.&quot; translates to &quot;.... thirty-one days.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Francisco tiene veinte y un años.&quot; translates to &quot;... 21 years&quot; (I especially have trouble convincing myself that this is the correct way even though I hear it as &quot;....y uno años.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Las frutas cuestan cincuenta y un centavos&quot; translates to &quot;....fifty-one cents&quot; (Again, hard to believe, so please clarify).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13561" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T06:42:38.367" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T06:42:38.367" Title="Using &quot;Uno&quot;, &quot;Un&quot;, and &quot;Una&quot; and a generalization of any number with a units digit of one" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17850" CreationDate="2016-08-29T23:45:59.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your examples are correctly translated. There is a rule to use 'un' when it is used as an adjective compound from one or more words and that precedes masculine nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Veintiún libros.&#xA;Treinta y un lápices. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not when used with feminine nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Veintiuna sillas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nor with prepositions   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Veintiuno por ciento.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the explanation here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/veintiuna-personas-veintiuno-por-ciento&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/consultas/veintiuna-personas-veintiuno-por-ciento&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="996" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T00:37:19.470" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T00:37:19.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17848" CreationDate="2016-08-30T07:07:22.437" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there are some expressions to show disagreement with something previously expressed. In &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BTctS7T&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; you can search for the expression &lt;em&gt;ni qué ocho cuartos&lt;/em&gt;, used in a very similar way to what you heard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué buenas ni qué ocho cuartos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another similar expression is &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QW5mMvv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ni qué niño muerto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué buenas ni qué niño muerto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably, the day you said &quot;¡buenas!&quot; (or maybe &quot;¡buenas tardes!&quot;) to that person, there was a bad weather, or maybe that person was not having a good day at all, so he/she just showed disagreement (maybe in an angry way). The expression &lt;em&gt;ni qué nada&lt;/em&gt; is similar to those mentioned, just shorter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T09:14:00.130" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T09:14:00.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17857" CreationDate="2016-08-30T11:57:58.307" Score="5" ViewCount="8014" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los últimos años se ha popularizado en el inglés británico el concepto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chav_(subcultura)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chav&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que la Wikipedia en español define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chav, chava, charva o charver&lt;/em&gt;, es un término peyorativo aplicado a ciertos jóvenes del Reino Unido. La imagen estereotipada de un chav corresponde al de un adolescente o joven adulto agresivo, con origen en la clase trabajadora, que viste ropas de marca y tiene estilo informal. Además, tiene por costumbre pelear y ser altanero, suele involucrarse en crímenes triviales o menores, y frecuentemente está desempleado o con un empleo de bajo salario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ha dado pie a un libro muy interesante (&lt;em&gt;Chavs: la demonización de la clase obrera&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_Jones_(escritor)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Owen Jones&lt;/a&gt; —que dio pie a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17622/1674&quot;&gt;una pregunta&lt;/a&gt; por mi parte—) y su imagen característica viene dada por el personaje &lt;a href=&quot;http://littlebritain.wikia.com/wiki/Vicky_Pollard&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vicky Pollard&lt;/a&gt; de la serie &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Britain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Little Britain&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oL2Tz.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oL2Tz.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Vicky Pollard&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta imagen seguro que os resulta conocida, pues este perfil social puede encontrarse en otros países. Por tanto, me pregunto: &lt;strong&gt;¿qué palabra en castellano define este concepto de manera similar?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España me suenan &lt;strong&gt;quillo&lt;/strong&gt; para chico y &lt;strong&gt;choni&lt;/strong&gt; para chica. En especial, &lt;em&gt;choni&lt;/em&gt; mantiene el sentido peyorativo de &lt;em&gt;chav&lt;/em&gt;, si bien &lt;em&gt;quillo&lt;/em&gt; no lo hace y suele ser más bien usado para nombrar el chico joven con pendientes, ropa de marca y moto ruidosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T10:59:02.510" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T14:10:25.047" Title="&quot;Chav&quot; en inglés, ¿qué palabras se usan para designar un &quot;quillo&quot;, &quot;cani&quot;, &quot;naco&quot;... según países y zonas?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2016-08-30T12:14:17.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como código formateado (sustantivo) / formatear código (verbo). EL formato puede agupar cualquiera de los atributos de lo &quot;bonito&quot;, colores, indentado, espacios... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T12:14:17.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17854" CreationDate="2016-08-30T12:29:12.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente, tras leer la definición en Urban Dictionary de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=chav&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chav&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, la traducción directa al español es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=cani&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cani&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para hombres y &lt;a href=&quot;http://quesignificado.com/choni/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;choni&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese en todo caso que estas palabras pueden estar sujetas a fuertes variaciones locales. Por ejemplo, en Málaga (España) ambas palabras se reducen a &quot;merdellón/a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T12:29:12.880" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17854" CreationDate="2016-08-30T13:42:38.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como van apareciendo palabras distintas según la región en la que cada uno reside, las recojo en una lista para que cada cual pueda incluir la suya:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;flaite&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;cuma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;punga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;pelusa, pelusón&lt;/strong&gt; (anticuado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Colombia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;choni&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;poligonero, poligonera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zona norte&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;quillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aragón&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;co&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zona sur&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;cani&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zona sureste&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;jincho, jincha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;naco, naca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zona centro&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;chairo, chaira&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zona norte&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;paisa&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;neutral&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;paisita&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;peyorativo&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-09-18T14:10:25.047" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T14:10:25.047" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-08-30T13:42:38.740" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17860" CreationDate="2016-08-30T19:55:03.843" Score="4" ViewCount="17562" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber cuál es la diferencia entre las dos palabras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí significan la misma cosa: &quot;&lt;em&gt;pig&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T21:14:49.980" LastActivityDate="2020-08-10T01:06:15.083" Title="La diferencia entre «puerco» y «cerdo»" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17859" CreationDate="2016-08-30T21:00:22.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista del animal ambas palabras significan lo mismo &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Pig&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; pero también tienen aún más significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE encuentras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UaBS0qP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puerco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. cerdo (‖ mamífero).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona desaliñada, sucia, que no tiene limpieza. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona grosera, sin cortesía ni crianza. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona ruin, interesada, venal. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Cineg. jabalí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. cochinilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de una cosa: sucia (‖ que tiene manchas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones 2,3 y 4 hacen referencia a una persona sucia (de cuerpo, alma o mente) y la 7 habla de suciedad en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8KHKmOx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cerdo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Mamífero artiodáctilo del grupo de los suidos, de cuerpo grueso, cabeza y orejas grandes, hocico estrecho y patas cortas, que&#xA;se cría especialmente para aprovechar su cuerpo en la alimentación&#xA;humana. U. en m. ref. a la especie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. puerco (‖ persona sucia). U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. puerco (‖ persona grosera). U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. puerco (‖ persona ruin). U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente las definiciones 2 a 4 hacen referencia a la suciedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión ambas palabras si significan lo mismo pero no únicamente &lt;em&gt;PIG&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota adicional: El animalito al que hacemos referencia además de &lt;strong&gt;puerco&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;cerdo&lt;/strong&gt; también se le conoce como &lt;strong&gt;marrano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;chancho&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;cochino&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;lechón&lt;/strong&gt;. Todas estas palabras  también con el mismo significado coloquial que hace referencia a suciedad o a persona sucia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin hacer una investigación exhaustiva y en mi opinión personal creo que es el animal que más nombres tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T08:55:57.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17867" CreationDate="2016-08-31T10:21:02.157" Score="7" ViewCount="1021" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevar&lt;/strong&gt; can be used with a past participle as a phrasal verb and the construct vaguely translates into something like &lt;em&gt;to have been&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lleva cerrado esa tienda desde 1990.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;That store has been closed since 1990.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While researching more on this verb, I came across the following construct on a Spanish grammar website:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevo ganados nueve premios.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;I have, so far, won nine awards.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above example, my question is, why must &lt;strong&gt;ganar&lt;/strong&gt; agree with &lt;strong&gt;premios&lt;/strong&gt; in number and gender? &lt;strong&gt;Ganado&lt;/strong&gt; is not qualifying &lt;strong&gt;premio&lt;/strong&gt; in any way, is it? Similarly, I came across the following in a WordReference forum:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevo juzgados unos 13 homicidios.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I fail to see why &lt;strong&gt;juzgar&lt;/strong&gt; should inflect with &lt;strong&gt;homicidios&lt;/strong&gt; in this example. Can anyone please explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T11:07:17.850" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T15:36:09.547" Title="Llevar + past participle: agreement with object" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17862" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-31T10:28:03.323" Score="2" ViewCount="461" Body="&lt;p&gt;Common sense tells me this construct should translate into something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to leave something done.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is why the following example makes complete sense to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nos dejó preparada la cena.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;She left the dinner prepared for us.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I just came across this meaning in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict tutorial&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to appoint something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website doesn't offer any example to illustrate this interpretation and I also tried looking everywhere but couldn't find any. Could someone please explain how &lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt; could translate into &lt;em&gt;appoint&lt;/em&gt; in this construct, preferably with a few examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T12:51:28.627" Title="Dejar + past participle" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17864" CreationDate="2016-08-31T10:49:02.600" Score="2" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;There a site which says on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verbal periphrasis&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sentirse&lt;/strong&gt; + p.p. means &quot;&lt;em&gt;to have been “somethinged” - passive&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure I fully understand that given they offer no examples to illustrate the meaning. Google search didn't help much either. My personal understanding says it could translate into something like &lt;em&gt;to feel done&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me siento cansado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;I feel tired.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, of course doesn't seem to be anything like what the website in question says. Is there some nuance I am missing out on? Also, should the past participle in this construct inflect with the object or subject, if at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-31T11:03:57.943" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T06:41:28.790" Title="What is the usage of &quot;sentirse&quot; + past participle?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17863" CreationDate="2016-08-31T11:00:13.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is well explained in the definition of the word from DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbV5cZG%7CXbVfLnt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sentir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  11. prnl. Hallarse o estar de determinada manera. &lt;em&gt;Sentirse enfermo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  12. prnl. Considerarse, reconocerse. &lt;em&gt;Sentirse muy obligado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this has the function of a feeling, a consideration, etc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;sentir in prnl form&amp;gt; + &amp;lt;past participle&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See some examples to clarify this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Yo) Me siento obligado a decir que &quot;no&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I feel compelled to say no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Yo) Me siento pesado&lt;/em&gt;. I feel heavy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the definition of &lt;em&gt;being &quot;somethinged&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, I understand it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Yo) Me siento repudiado&lt;/em&gt;. I feel repudiated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Yo) Me siento insultado&lt;/em&gt;. I feel insulted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Nosotros) Nos sentimos insultados&lt;/em&gt;. We feel insulted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, this form can introduce feelings induced by others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-08-31T11:34:46.713" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T11:34:46.713" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-31T12:44:24.853" Score="2" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;A while ago I had asked a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17742/does-the-order-of-words-in-eso-es-sr-g%C3%B3mez-tiene-casada-una-hija-make-sense&quot;&gt;related question&lt;/a&gt; about the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; + past participle&quot; periphrasis. While I finally have my head firmly wrapped around the concept, thanks to the answer and the volume of literature available online discussing it, I am now stuck with this new expression that looks similar but involves &lt;strong&gt;traer&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt;. Is there any difference between the two? If so, what is it? Examples illustrating the differences would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the constructs listed as synonymous at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; with the translation, &lt;em&gt;to maintain a state of something&lt;/em&gt;. So, just to confirm, would the following two sentences be exactly synonymous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo rota una bicicleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traigo rota una bicicleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T08:29:04.663" Title="Difference between &quot;traer + past participle&quot; and &quot;tener + past participle&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17871" CreationDate="2016-08-31T13:11:12.667" Score="7" ViewCount="3228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es común oír la expresión &lt;strong&gt;win-win&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a una situación en la que todas las partes involucradas salen beneficiadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Tengo unas entradas para el concierto de Juan Luis Guerra pero no puedo ir. Qué rabia. Con lo caras que me costaron, ahora qué hago con ellas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¡Yo te las compro! A mí me encantaría ir y así tú no pierdes tu dinero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Caramba, menudo win-win.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(Lo mismo me salió un poco forzado el ejemplo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, pues este concepto ha arraigado con fuerza, hasta el punto que últimamente lo oigo bastante en conversaciones e incluso en análisis políticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabéis de alguna traducción válida del concepto? &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juego_ganar_ganar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ganar-ganar&lt;/a&gt; es lo más directo, pero me parece algo rupestre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T11:11:55.907" Title="¿&quot;Win-win&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17861" CreationDate="2016-08-31T13:57:39.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, note that your first example is not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Lleva cerrado esa tienda desde 1990.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The underlying idea here is that &lt;em&gt;llevar cerrado&lt;/em&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;esa tienda&lt;/em&gt;, so that the sentence in the direct form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tienda lleva cerrada desde 1990.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the other examples you show the construction is a bit different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo ganados nueve premios.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Llevo juzgados unos 13 homicidios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, the omitted subject is &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt;, so it is equivalent to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; llevo ganados nueve premios.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; llevo juzgados unos 13 homicidios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/verbos/voz-pasiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oración con voz pasiva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz pasiva se usa para poner de relieve la acción en sí. A menudo el sujeto de la acción ni siquiera aparece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea here is that &lt;em&gt;ganados&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;juzgados&lt;/em&gt; refer to the passive part of the sentence (&lt;em&gt;nueve premios&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;13 homicidios&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you say &lt;em&gt;Yo llevo ganados nueve premios&lt;/em&gt; the underlying links are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo llevo ganados nueve premios&#xA;^  ^^^^^   ^     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^&#xA;|____|     |____________|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess this starts to make the point a bit more clear about what &lt;em&gt;ganar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;juzgar&lt;/em&gt; should concur with. (... dramatic pause...) Yes, you are right, they have to match in gender and number with the object &lt;em&gt;nueve premios&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;13 homicidios&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T02:28:48.133" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T02:28:48.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17865" CreationDate="2016-08-31T16:58:16.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you're taking your broken bike to the mechanic, you could use both sentences, and the meaning will be the same, but let's say you're telling about your broken bike to a friend if you say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo rota una bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it will be understood that you have it somewhere and that it broke at some point in the past, but if you say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traigo rota una bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it could imply that your bike just broke a moment ago, and that the bike is still near you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end people will get the message with both sentences but when using &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Traigo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; the listener could infer more things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another interesting alternative would be replacing &quot;&lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, in that case you could say that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traigo rota la bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo rota la bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are synonymous since they have exactly the same meaning, the definite article makes the difference because the listener has knowledge about the subject we're referring to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to confuse you, I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4154" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T06:01:18.933" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T06:01:18.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-31T17:13:01.303" Score="7" ViewCount="1862" Body="&lt;p&gt;These words are used in political campaigns. What is the difference? Unidos or Juntos? One is a conjunction the other one is a verb. Not sure what the proper word is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13571" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-08-31T21:03:18.670" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T06:59:34.597" Title="What is the difference between &quot;unidos&quot; and &quot;juntos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2016-08-31T19:37:37.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, these words are synonyms. There are verbs for each of these words: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b67JJSq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;unir&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MdHe15n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;juntar&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, which are synonyms. According to the DRAE (Spanish Royal Academy Dictionary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hacer que una cosa esté al lado de otra, o en contacto con ella formando un todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mezclar o trabar algunas cosas entre sí, incorporándolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unir unas cosas con otras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &amp;quot;unido&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; is that &amp;quot;unido&amp;quot; is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b67JJSq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;participle&lt;/a&gt; of the &amp;quot;unir&amp;quot; while &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=juntos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;junto&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a noun by itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Junto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unido, cercano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que obra o que es juntamente con otra persona, a la vez o al mismo tiempo que ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this in mind, you can see that &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2664" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T20:04:31.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17866" CreationDate="2016-08-31T19:53:00.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa idea de que en una situación, en vez de que las ganancias de una de las partes se produzcan a expensas de las pérdidas de la otra (como suele ser habitual), son ambas partes las que salen beneficiadas, podría expresarse como «&lt;strong&gt;beneficio mutuo&lt;/strong&gt;» o «&lt;strong&gt;ganancia mutua&lt;/strong&gt;» en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A falta (aparente) de una traducción «oficial», la primera expresión arroja unos 400.000 resultados en Google. La segunda le va muy a la zaga con unos 7000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1899" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T06:02:01.083" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T06:02:01.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2016-08-31T19:54:35.467" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they are synonymous, but consider the affective difference in this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con mis padres vivimos juntos pero no somos muy unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(With my parents we live together but aren't united.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Juntos&amp;quot; refers to &lt;em&gt;close&lt;/em&gt;, while &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; refers rather &lt;em&gt;connected&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;joined&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T19:54:35.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2016-08-31T19:56:07.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view, &quot;unir&quot; means &quot;to join things together so that they become one,&quot; and &quot;junto&quot; means &quot;together.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a unir estas piezas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence above means to join pieces together (as by soldering, for example) or in a way that can't be separated easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a juntar estas piezas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence above means to put pieces together, like in a box, for instance, but without soldering them together; the pieces are together but separated from one another inside the box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11441" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-02-24T01:45:38.593" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T01:45:38.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18346" CreationDate="2016-08-31T21:46:27.723" Score="7" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;Os muestro a continuación la partida de nacimiento de Francisco de Yniesta Martínez, antepasado directo mío (11 generaciones) nacido en Tobarra, provincia de Albacete, en febrero de 1605:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OBi7w.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OBi7w.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Partida de nacimiento&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las partidas bautismales de la época me resultan muy interesantes de leer, porque me encanta ver cómo ha ido variando el lenguaje a lo largo de los años. Por ejemplo, el uso de &quot;mill&quot; en vez de &quot;mil&quot;. Sin embargo, esta partida tiene algo que no había visto en ninguna otra. Y no, no me refiero a la caligrafía exquisita (normalmente me cuesta horrores descifrarlas). Fijaos en la quinta línea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...hijo de Francisco de Andújar, ????? de Francisco de Yñesta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra marcada con interrogaciones no conseguía descifrarla. Pensaba que sería &quot;digno&quot; (no tiene sentido) o &quot;dicho&quot; (la h la escribe diferente, se puede ver en la línea seis en &quot;Cathalina&quot;), hasta que vi que en la segunda línea se menciona el &quot;dominguo de la quincuagésima&quot;. Luego la frase queda así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...hijo de Francisco de Andújar, diguo de Francisco de Yñesta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que el cura se equivocó y corrigió el nombre del padre sin realizar tachones. Aquí entonces me viene la pregunta. &lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué usar la sílaba &quot;guo&quot; para lo que siempre he visto escrito como &quot;go&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; Se me ocurren tres alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que sea una falta de ortografía del cura. Por entonces la escritura no estaba homogeneizada, y las palabras alteraban su ortografía según el cura que rellenara la partida. Aunque debo decir que esa sílaba no me suena de haberla visto así en ningún otro sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que por entonces realmente sí se acostumbrara a escribir nuestra sílaba &quot;go&quot; como &quot;guo&quot;, y no sea una falta de ortografía. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La que se me antoja más remota, es que las palabras en realidad se pronunciaran tal y como las estamos viendo escritas, con una &quot;u&quot; de más que luego desapareció. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede resolver este misterio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bonus:&lt;/strong&gt; En la tercera línea, ¿pone &quot;Hebrero&quot; como nombre del mes? ¿Otra falta de ortografia o una forma antigua de &quot;febrero&quot;? Tampoco la había visto nunca...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:37:41.850" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T16:37:41.850" Title="Anomalía en partida de bautismo de 1605" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2016-09-01T04:51:58.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be helpful to consider the same comparison to their English equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unidos: &lt;em&gt;United&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juntos: &lt;em&gt;Together&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while &quot;united&quot; and &quot;together&quot; could be seen as synonyms their meaning might be slightly different, as other answers have pointed out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;United&lt;/strong&gt; we stand, divided we fail&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;versus&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alone we can do so little. &lt;strong&gt;Together&lt;/strong&gt; we can do so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, taking in account that these words are used in political campaigns sometimes these two are used interchangeably since they convey a message similar to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We can't do this unless you join us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, this message appeals to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A sense of belonging&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making a difference by becoming part of a cause&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see &quot;united&quot; and &quot;together&quot; are words which are meant to help forming groups, which is the very base of gathering a voting base. A big reason for one party to use &quot;united&quot; versus &quot;together&quot; is to attempt to distinguish (or brand) a message from one party (or candidate) from the remaining parties (or candidates).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin american countries can have more than two parties, which would make it more important to brand the messages of their candidates in a short &quot;slogan&quot; that can be memorable and sway voters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T05:08:58.387" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T05:08:58.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17865" CreationDate="2016-09-01T06:48:37.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo rota una bicicleta&lt;/em&gt; would be the same as &lt;em&gt;I have a broken bike&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &lt;em&gt;Traigo rota una bicicleta&lt;/em&gt; would be the same as &lt;em&gt;I bring a broken bike&lt;/em&gt;, at least on Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13576" LastEditorUserId="13576" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T08:29:04.663" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T08:29:04.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17862" CreationDate="2016-09-01T12:51:28.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main sense in which the English verb &lt;em&gt;to appoint&lt;/em&gt; is used with a thing as object is in the sense of to nominate or arrange. The object would normally be &lt;em&gt;a time&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;a date&lt;/em&gt;. So for example &lt;em&gt;The society appointed the 20th October for the next meeting&lt;/em&gt;. Having said that it is a very old-fashioned formal usage. I think the sense in the DRAE of &lt;em&gt;nombrar, designar&lt;/em&gt; must come close. Interestingly we do have as a current use the noun derived from the verb (&lt;em&gt;appointment&lt;/em&gt;) as the thing you make with someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T12:51:28.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17879" CreationDate="2016-09-01T16:27:01.063" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;The below sentence in italic confuses me. Could you please help me analyze it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer comenzó el verano (al menos en España) y &lt;em&gt;somos muchos los que&#xA;  con él somos arrastrados cual imán&lt;/em&gt; a la orilla del mar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the gist: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Summer started yesterday (at least in Spain) and with it, we are&#xA;  pulled like magnet to the seashore.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't understand why it is so complicated (literally &quot;We are many who with it are dragged whose magnet to the seashore&quot;). What is the role of &quot;cual imán&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13438" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T16:37:51.090" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T18:18:03.300" Title="How to analyze &quot;somos muchos los que con él somos arrastrados cual imán a la orilla del mar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;significado-en-contexto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-09-01T16:57:40.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an expression that should not be taken literally. It means that in summer, lot of people in Spain like to go to the beach like him (not sure who's him aside of a person or entity).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand what this means: the author uses a reference: &amp;quot;somos arrastrados cual imán a la orilla del mar&amp;quot;, which means that their instinct or nature make them to desire to go to the beach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The magnet (&amp;quot;imán&amp;quot;) is used as a reference that the beach attracts the people like a magnet pulls a group of nails. &amp;quot;cual&amp;quot; is a term similar to &amp;quot;like&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;as a&amp;quot;, used to highlight a reference or to compare things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2664" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T18:18:03.300" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T18:18:03.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17824" CreationDate="2016-09-02T09:58:48.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As indicated in comments, you misheard the last part of the sentence, where they are talking about &lt;strong&gt;hogar&lt;/strong&gt; (=home).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is really being said is either of these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;wayfair punto com tiene todo lo que necesita para &lt;strong&gt;su hogar&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;wayfair punto com tiene todo lo que necesita&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; para &lt;strong&gt;tu hogar&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't blame yourself, since the spelling in a related &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ispot.tv/ad/7C5e/wayfair-the-musical-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; linked &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17824/what-does-slogar-mean-or-what-could-the-word-be#comment25772_17824&quot;&gt;by rsanchez&lt;/a&gt; is not easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note we understand this as Spanish speakers because the context helps us focus on the topic and interpolate what words could be matching in this context. As always, is not just what you hear but what you expect to hear in a given circumstance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in a given circumstance you can be introduced to someone and at the end of the conversation say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Mucho gusto en conocerle.  &lt;sub&gt;(Nice to meet you)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Igual miente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context, you would always expect the second person to say &lt;em&gt;igualmente&lt;/em&gt; (meaning &lt;em&gt;so do I&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;me too&lt;/em&gt;). The joke is to say &amp;quot;igual miente&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;you may be lying&lt;/em&gt;), a sentence which sounds almost equally but has a complete different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T09:58:48.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-09-02T10:49:11.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, is important to notice that the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not the same as &quot;&lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. The last one is used much more, and means &quot;&lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in the sentence above is a cult synonym of &quot;&lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and thus it is making a comparison between the subject (We) and the magnet. If you change one word for the other the meaning will remain the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, if any other person was introduced before this sentence, &lt;em&gt;&quot;él&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is probably referring to the summer, in a figurative way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13117" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T10:49:11.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-09-02T11:18:39.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=cual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dictionary (DPD) definition:&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.5. La forma invariable &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt; es un adverbio relativo que se emplea con valor modal equivalente a como (→ como, 1a): «Las fuentes se animan cual doncellas vivas» (Aridjis Comedia [Méx. 1989]). Es uso arcaico que solo pervive en la lengua literaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can read (if you want, I can translate), it's an archaic use of the term only used in literature. It means &quot;como&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T11:26:49.760" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T11:26:49.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-02T15:56:53.440" Score="1" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;While listening to my Pimsleur Spanish audio, I was instructed that while the following are both similar ways of saying &quot;when you retire,&quot; the second option frames the statement as a question, rather than a declaration, and therefore requires a different construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;...cuando jubilarse&quot; (Stating a fact. I know you are retiring, and I am discussing a situation that will indeed occur when you retire. E.g., we will throw you a party when you retire).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;...cuando se jubile&quot; (I don't really know whether you are retiring, and I am discussing possibilities. For example, maybe you will travel when you retire; maybe you will buy a dog when you retire.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was hoping someone here could clarify that my understanding of this is correct. Beyond a super quick explanation, Pimsleur didn't get into details. The use of 'se' has always been a sticky issue for me, and now I feel like I got one more wrench thrown into the mix.&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9222" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T19:14:35.397" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T18:50:07.940" Title="¿Hay diferencia entre &quot;cuando se jubile&quot; y &quot;cuando jubilarse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17884" CreationDate="2016-09-02T18:30:41.553" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a native Spanish speaker, this is how I would translate them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuándo jubilarse? -&gt; When to retire?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...cuándo jubilarse. -&gt; ...when to retire. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando jubilarse... -&gt; When retiring...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se jubile. -&gt; When you retire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of number 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos no saben cuándo jubilarse. -&gt; They don't know when to retire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of number 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando jubilarse era simple -&gt; When retiring was simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Number 4 could be used at the end or the beginning of a sentence just like in english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that number 1 and 2 have a tilde, it's not the same word. &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lengua-e.com/2011/cuando-con-tilde-y-cuando-sin-tilde/&quot;&gt;Here's a blog post&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish explaining the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is any other possible use I am not aware of it and it's probably either old or only used in certain countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5379" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T19:15:16.857" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T19:15:16.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17887" CreationDate="2016-09-02T19:46:48.510" Score="3" ViewCount="1281" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España he oido varías veces la expresión &quot;Muy bien colocal&quot; como respuesta al saludo - pregunta &quot;¿Qué tal?&quot;, y no lo acabo de comprender. La primera vez supuse que había entendido mal y que en realidad habían dicho &quot;Muy bien, &lt;strong&gt;colosal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; lo que si tiene sentido para mi. Sin embargo, las veces siguientes que lo he oido estoy seguro de que no existía el sonido &quot;s&quot;: era &quot;&lt;strong&gt;colocal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;conocal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He consultado el diccionario de la Real Academia, pero no recoge ninguna de las dos palabras - lo más parecido que he encontrado es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QqUh8Qp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ocal&lt;/a&gt;, pero la definición que ofrece (Dicho especialmente de algunas frutas, como la pera y la manzana: Muy gustosas y delicadas.) tampoco parece tener sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea del significado de la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T13:42:48.980" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T13:42:48.980" Title="Significado de &quot;conocal&quot; o &quot;colocal&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17886" CreationDate="2016-09-02T21:59:52.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que te encontraste con personas mayores que repetían una frase muy popular en la España de los años 40 y 50, proviniente de un anuncio publicitario de la marca OKAL:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hola, ¿qué tal?, muy bien con OKAL.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hPwFD.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hPwFD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leído en &lt;a href=&quot;http://grupographic.com/los-10-mejores-jingles-de-todos-los-tiempos-v/%20A%C3%B1o%201940-1950&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los 10 mejores Jingles de todos los tiempos (V)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mitad del siglo XX, prácticamente todos los medicamentos eran multiusos, todavía no había llegado a los mercados la célebre “penicilina americana”. La mítica tableta de Okal era el producto estrella del momento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La melodía y el slogan tardarían poco en convertirse en los más populares, &lt;strong&gt;la canción fue cantada miles de veces por la radio y el slogan “Hola, ¿Qué tal?, muy bien con OKAL” era repetido una y otra vez por el público de aquellos años&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una campaña que aún hoy perdura en la memoria de los más mayores, dejo una huella imposible de borrar en las páginas de la historia de la publicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También lo documentan en Memorias del Viejo Pamplona - &lt;a href=&quot;http://memoriasdelviejopamplona.blogspot.com.es/2015/01/aquellos-anuncios-publicitarios-1940.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquellos anuncios publicitarios (1940-1990). 2ª Parte&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre los productos farmacéuticos, parafarmacéuticos y de cuidado personal estarían los siguientes el histórico analgésico Okal (Hola, que tal. Muy bien con Okal), el antitusígeno Iniston (Abuelo, ¿has visto el Iniston?), la loción antipiojos Filvit (Filvit champú, Filvit, mama, porque más vale Filvit que tenerse que arrascar), el reconstituyente Micebrina (una al día), (...).&#xA;  Puedes ver en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xi7uxl_contra-todo-dolor-tableta-okal_shortfilms&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dailymotion&lt;/a&gt; otro de los anuncios de esta compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo nunca oí esta frase en mis treinta y pico años de vida, supongo que se está perdiendo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T21:59:52.930" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17889" CreationDate="2016-09-03T04:45:28.003" Score="3" ViewCount="1264" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I say &quot;It has been years since I've spoken Spanish on a daily basis.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacen años que hablo el Español diariamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacen años que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; hablo el Español diariamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacen años que he hablado...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hace años que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; he hablado...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13590" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-03T23:01:04.250" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T23:01:04.250" Title="It has been years since" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17888" CreationDate="2016-09-03T08:17:55.363" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way would be: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elblogdegramatica.blogspot.mx/2013/07/los-marcadores-temporales-hace-desde.html&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hace&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; años que no hablo español diariamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it refers to time, you don’t inflect &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; by number — this means that you would never say &lt;em&gt;hacen&lt;/em&gt;, even if the phrase is referring to a period of time in plural units. You can conjugate it in past as well, such as in this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Hacía&lt;/strong&gt; años que no &lt;strong&gt;hablaba&lt;/strong&gt; español diariamente!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T08:17:55.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2016-09-03T14:31:03.173" Score="15" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English with Original Quotes in Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Answer with quotes translated below)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The overwhelming evidence is that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; originated in Spain in the 1700s or earlier from &lt;em&gt;griego&lt;/em&gt;, ‘Greek’, in the sense of unintelligible language. It applied first to language, but soon after also to those who spoke it. As the word spread throughout the Spanish-speaking Americas it kept this general meaning, but also took more specialised meanings according to local circumstance; hence ‘U.S. national’ in Mexico and other countries; ‘blonde, pale-skinned person’ in Bolivia and Peru, etc. (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JY0Q3cz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;, which glaringly omits Mexico from the list of countries using &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; as ‘U.S. national’). For a detailed account of the history of the word see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dgb.conaculta.gob.mx/coleccion_sep/libro_pdf/32000000190.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, “Acerca del origen de la palabra gringo”, &lt;em&gt;Biblioteca de Mexico&lt;/em&gt;, no. 62-63, Ciudad de México, 2001, p. 98-103&lt;/a&gt; (henceforth &lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earliest recorded use of &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; is from 1765, in Esteban de Terreros y Pando, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario castellano&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, published in 1786-96, but completed in 1765, quoted in &lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99 (original spelling and my boldface in all quotes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gringos&lt;/strong&gt;, llaman en Málaga a los extrajeros que tienen cierta especie de acento que los priva de una locución fácil y natural castellana; y en Madrid dan el mismo y por la misma causa, con particularidad a los irlandeses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next occurrence in Google Books is from 1798, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=xrBU36q0Dx4C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;dq=gringos&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiAuvLbh_POAhXExRQKHSndD3kQ6AEILjAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Antonio de Capmany y Montpalu, &lt;em&gt;Comentario sobre la nueva traducción castellana de ‘Las aventuras de Telemaco’&lt;/em&gt; (Madrid, 1798)&lt;/a&gt;, where it seems to refer to foreigners with poor command of Spanish syntax: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solemos decir: &lt;em&gt;allí vienen tres hombres persiguiéndome&lt;/em&gt;; y solo los &lt;strong&gt;gringos&lt;/strong&gt; dirán: &lt;em&gt;allí tres hombres que vienen me persiguen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The derivation from &lt;em&gt;griego&lt;/em&gt; was defended by Joan Corominas, &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1967 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;, 1765-1783. Se aplicó primeramente a la lengua y luego al que la hablaba. Es alteración de griego en el sentido de «lengua incomprensible», 1615. Valor que en España se dio por antonomasia al nombre de la lengua de Grecia, como resultado indirecto de la costumbre de mencionarla junto con el latín, y de la doctrina observada por la Iglesia de que el griego no era necesario para la erudición católica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Griego&lt;/em&gt; would have changed into &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in two steps, according to Joan Corominas, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1954 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 100):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La alteración fonética constó de dos tiempos: 1ʃ griego-grigo, reducción normal y corriente en castellano […] 2ʃ grigo-gringo, tránsito que no puede admitirse como fonético […] pero tiene carácter imitativo del sonido de n velar, imposible en muchos casos para el español, pero frecuente y característico ce ciertos idiomas extranjeros como el inglés (la terminación –ing y voces muy repetidas como drink pudieron desempeñar un papel en este caso) […] otras palabras castellanas del mismo tipo, como ringo-ringo, «extravagancia», pudieran ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Greek connection was taken as true in the 1800s, for instance in this 1805 &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=vMFdDbmSGP0C&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA47&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiDq-fSifHOAhVBPRQKHVvEBZoQ6AEIzAEwGg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo diccionario francés-español&lt;/em&gt; by D. Antonio de Capmany y Montpalu, (Madrid, 1805; entries &lt;em&gt;hebreu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;parler&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hebreu. &lt;em&gt;s.m.&lt;/em&gt; Hebreo: la lengua hebrea = (&lt;em&gt;fig. y fam.&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;, griego : aplica-se á lo que se dice ó escribe sin entenderse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parler […] Dícese &lt;em&gt;parler hebreu, bas-breton, haut-allemand&lt;/em&gt; : hablar en griego , en guirigav , en &lt;strong&gt;gringo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=354IUDD7YcMC&amp;amp;pg=PA109&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjdnaOwr_HOAhXIvBQKHdwFAwoQ6AEIrAEwFg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Novisimo Diccionario de la Lengua Castellana con la Correspondencia Catalana, Barcelona, 1867:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GRINGO&lt;/strong&gt;. m. fam. Lenguaje que no se entiende. [Correspondencia catalana] &lt;em&gt;Grech, gringo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But already in those days there were folk etymologies around. For instance &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=klAzAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA51&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjdnaOwr_HOAhXIvBQKHdwFAwoQ6AEIpQEwFQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;B. Vinuña MacKenna in &lt;em&gt;História de Valparaiso&lt;/em&gt;, Valparaiso, 1869&lt;/a&gt;, records the “ingenious theory” popular in Valparaiso among “both &lt;em&gt;gringos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;natives&lt;/em&gt;” that &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; comes from a verse in a Scottish song, “green grow the rushes, O”. He explains however that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[l]a palabra &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;, que ha dado lugar a tantas falsas interpretaciones, como la de &lt;em&gt;Valparaiso&lt;/em&gt;, se deriva sencillamente de un proverbio español, o mas bien, de la degeneración de una palabra de éste. &lt;em&gt;Hablar en griego&lt;/em&gt;, decían los antiguos españoles por aquello que no entendiam, i después vulgarmente corria lo mismo, &lt;em&gt;hablar en gringo&lt;/em&gt;. De esto vino que cuando en América comenzaron a ver por la primera vez ingleses, i a no entender su lengua, deciam que hablaban &lt;em&gt;en gringo&lt;/em&gt;, i de aquí es todavía que el vulgo llama &lt;em&gt;gringos&lt;/em&gt;, en Chile como en Venezuela, en Buenos Aires como en Méjico, a todos los estranjeros, aunque sean nacidos en Leipsig o en Copenhague.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the word spread throughout the Americas, it sometimes took on more specialised meanings, as explained by Joan Corominas &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1954 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mientras que en toda América se generalizó la aplicación a las personas que hablaban un lenguaje incomprensible, aunque fuese romance (con la excepción del catalán y el gallego-portugués), en algunas partes hay especialización a ciertas naciones, especialmente conocidas allí: en la Argentina es frecuente aplicarlo a los italianos, en Méjico sólo designa a los norte-americanos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That Portuguese-speakers were spared the epithet is also confirmed in 1889 by &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/vocabularioriop00gran/vocabularioriop00gran_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;D. Daniel Granada, &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario Rioplatense Razonado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GRINGO, &lt;em&gt;ga&lt;/em&gt;, adj. – Término vulgar con que se moteja al extranjero cuya habla difiere totalmente de la castellana, como el inglés, el alemán, el francés, el italiano. Así no dicen nunca al español, al hispano-americano, al brasileño, ni al portugués. Por lo regular usase sustantivado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Quote omitted]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Gringo, m. Griego, en la fr. fig. y fam. hablar en gringo, hacerlo en lenguaje ininteligible.» (La Acad. )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brazilians appear not to have returned the kindness when they imported the word in the 1800s, and it looks as though they initially used it especially for Argentines, but now it applies to any foreigner. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/3038/de-onde-vem-a-palavra-gringo&quot;&gt;Origem de &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in Portuguese Language SE&lt;/a&gt;. In Portugal the word is known as a Mexican word for U.S. nationals, but is not really used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English Only (Quotes Translated)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The overwhelming evidence is that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; originated in Spain in the 1700s or earlier from &lt;em&gt;griego&lt;/em&gt;, ‘Greek’, in the sense of unintelligible language. It applied first to language, but soon after also to those who spoke it. As the word spread throughout the Spanish-speaking Americas it kept this general meaning, but also took more specialised meanings according to local circumstance; hence ‘U.S. national’ in Mexico and other countries; ‘blonde, pale-skinned person’ in Bolivia and Peru, etc. (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JY0Q3cz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;, which glaringly omits Mexico from the list of countries using &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; as ‘U.S. national’). For a detailed account of the history of the word see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dgb.conaculta.gob.mx/coleccion_sep/libro_pdf/32000000190.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, “Acerca del origen de la palabra gringo”, &lt;em&gt;Biblioteca de Mexico&lt;/em&gt;, no. 62-63, Ciudad de México, 2001, p. 98-103&lt;/a&gt; (henceforth &lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earliest recorded use of &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; is from 1765, in Esteban de Terreros y Pando, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario castellano&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, published in 1786-96, but completed in 1765, quoted in &lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99 (my boldface and my tranlation from Spanish in all quotes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gringos&lt;/strong&gt;, so do people in Málaga call foreigners that have a certain accent that prevents them from speaking Spanish fluently and naturally; and in Madrid the same name is given for the same reason to the Irish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next occurrence in Google Books is from 1798, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=xrBU36q0Dx4C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;dq=gringos&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiAuvLbh_POAhXExRQKHSndD3kQ6AEILjAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Antonio de Capmany y Montpalu, &lt;em&gt;Comentario sobre la nueva traducción castellana de ‘Las aventuras de Telemaco’&lt;/em&gt; (Madrid, 1798)&lt;/a&gt;, where it seems to refer to foreigners with poor command of Spanish syntax: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We say: &lt;em&gt;allí vienen tres hombres persiguiéndome&lt;/em&gt;; and only the &lt;strong&gt;gringos&lt;/strong&gt; will say: &lt;em&gt;allí tres hombres que vienen me persiguen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The derivation from &lt;em&gt;griego&lt;/em&gt; was defended by Joan Corominas, &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1967 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;, 1765-1783. It was said first of the language and immediately of those who spoke it. It is a modification of “griego” [‘Greek’] in the sense of “incomprehensible language,” 1615, which originated in Spain by antonomasia of the name of the Greek language, as an indirect outcome of the habit of mentioning it alongside Latin, and of the Church doctrine that Greek was unnecessary for Catholic scholarship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Griego&lt;/em&gt; would have changed into &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in two steps, according to Joan Corominas, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1954 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 100):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The phonetic change occurred in two steps: 1ʃ griego-grigo, common reduction in Spanish […] 2ʃ grigo-gringo, change that cannot have been phonetic […] but imitates the velar sound n, impossible for a Spaniard in many cases, but common in certain foreign languages such as English (the –ing ending and frequent words such as drink may have played a role in this case) […] other Spanish words of the same type, such as ringo-ringo, ‘extravagance’, may have helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Greek connection was taken as true in the 1800s, for instance in this 1805 &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=vMFdDbmSGP0C&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA47&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiDq-fSifHOAhVBPRQKHVvEBZoQ6AEIzAEwGg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo diccionario francés-español&lt;/em&gt; by D. Antonio de Capmany y Montpalu, (Madrid, 1805; entries &lt;em&gt;hebreu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;parler&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hebreu. &lt;em&gt;s.m.&lt;/em&gt; Hebrew: the Hebraic language = (&lt;em&gt;fig. and infrm.&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;, Greek: it is said of what is said or written that cannot be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parler […] It is said &lt;em&gt;parler hebreu, bas-breton, haut-allemand&lt;/em&gt; : speak in Greek , in “guirigav” , in &lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=354IUDD7YcMC&amp;amp;pg=PA109&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjdnaOwr_HOAhXIvBQKHdwFAwoQ6AEIrAEwFg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Novisimo Diccionario de la Lengua Castellana con la Correspondencia Catalana, Barcelona, 1867:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gringo&lt;/strong&gt;. m. infrm. Incomprehensible language. [Catalan] &lt;em&gt;Grech, Gringo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But already in those days there were folk etymologies around. For instance &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.pt/books?id=klAzAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA51&amp;amp;dq=gringo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjdnaOwr_HOAhXIvBQKHdwFAwoQ6AEIpQEwFQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gringo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;B. Vinuña MacKenna in &lt;em&gt;História de Valparaiso&lt;/em&gt;, Valparaiso, 1869&lt;/a&gt;, records the “ingenious theory” popular in Valparaiso among “both &lt;em&gt;gringos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;natives&lt;/em&gt;” that &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; comes from a verse in a Scottish song, “green grow the rushes, O”. He explains however that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the Word &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;, which has lent itself to so many false interpretation, just as &lt;em&gt;Valparaiso&lt;/em&gt; has, derives simply from a Spanish saying, or more properly, from the degeneration of a word in it. &lt;em&gt;Hablar en griego&lt;/em&gt; [‘speak in Greek’] is what ancient Spaniards would say of what they did not understand, and later they would typically say &lt;em&gt;hablar en gringo&lt;/em&gt; [‘speak in Gringo’]. So when people in America started seeing Englishmen for the first time and would not understand their language, they would say that they spoke &lt;em&gt;in gringo&lt;/em&gt;, and so it is that people, in Chile as in Venezuela, in Buenos Aires as in Mexico, call all foreigners &lt;em&gt;gringos&lt;/em&gt; whether they come from Leipzig or Copenhagen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the word spread throughout the Americas, it sometimes took on more specialised meanings, as explained by Joan Corominas &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua Castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, 1954 (&lt;em&gt;Origen&lt;/em&gt;, p. 99):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;while in all the Americas it was generalized to anyone who spoke an incomprehensible language, even if it was a romance language (except for Catalan and Galician-Portuguese), in some regions it applied especially to certain nations that were especially well known there: in Argentina it is common to call it to Italians; in Mexico it refers to US nationals only, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That Portuguese-speakers were spared the epithet is also confirmed in 1889 by &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/vocabularioriop00gran/vocabularioriop00gran_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;D. Daniel Granada, &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario Rioplatense Razonado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GRINGO, &lt;em&gt;ga&lt;/em&gt;, adj.―Mocking word for a foreigner whose language is completely different from Spanish, such as English, German, French, or Italian. So it is not used for Hispano-Americans, Brazilians, or the Portuguese. It is usually used as a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Quote omitted]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Gringo, m. Griego, in the fig. and infrm. phrase hablar en gringo [‘speak in Gringo’] to speak in an incomprehensible language,” (La Acad.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brazilians appear not to have returned the kindness when they imported the word in the 1800s, and it looks as though they initially used it especially for Argentines, but now it applies to any foreigner. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/3038/de-onde-vem-a-palavra-gringo&quot;&gt;Origem de &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt; in Portuguese Language SE&lt;/a&gt;. In Portugal the word is known as a Mexican word for U.S. nationals, but is not really used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11164" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:38.453" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T19:04:00.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17893" CreationDate="2016-09-03T22:11:19.667" Score="2" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm studying Spanish pretty much on beginners level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following exercises :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example (to understand the concept) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Recuerdas esta canción? --&gt; la recuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have three sentences that, It doesn't sounds &quot;right&quot;, I'll show the way and my answers, I'll be glad if someone could explain how to solve them and the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) ¿Nos ayudas esta tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) ¿Nos acompañáis a casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) ¿Te invita Luis a cenar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Since we have ayudas means that it's a tu (since ayudAS), and Nos is us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;therefore is should be in translation to english :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you help us this afternoon? --&gt;Yes/No I can help you all ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si/(No no) te ayudais&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Since we have acompañáis meaning its vosotros, and Nos is us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;therefore is should be in translation to english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you (all) accompany us home? --&gt; Yes/No We can accompany you all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si/(No no) nos acompañáis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Since we have invita meaning its el/ella/Ud, and te is you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore is should be in translation to english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you invite Luis dine --&gt; Yes/No I invite him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si/(No no), me invita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure with my answers and I'll be very happy if someone could tell me if my answers are correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What more important for me is to understand how to approach this kind of questions? Do I approach this right? Is there an easier method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tip/methods will be appropriated&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13594" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-04T13:35:29.010" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T14:56:38.963" Title="Dudas con ejercicios sobre el complemento directo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2016-09-04T04:14:09.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambos verbos, &lt;em&gt;liberar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;libertar&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos perfectos. Esto es, no hay diferencia alguna en el significado del uno o del otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Libertar&lt;/em&gt; ha caído en desuso en muchos países hispanoparlantes. Sin embargo, si alguien usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;libertar&lt;/em&gt;, o sus conjugaciones, será perfectamente entendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13595" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-04T13:57:27.937" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T13:57:27.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17891" CreationDate="2016-09-04T13:34:09.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a bit strange, you seem to have understood the first two sentences, but the only proper answer is the third one. Let's review the sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Nos ayudas esta tarde?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A group of people is asking a single person to help them. So in the answer that single person must use the first person singular form in the verb (&lt;em&gt;ayudo&lt;/em&gt;), and the second person plural in the complement to address that group of people (&lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;). So the answer is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;os ayudo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Nos acompañáis a casa?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A group of people is asking another group to go home with them. The person answering will speak on behalf of the group (first person plural, &lt;em&gt;acompañamos&lt;/em&gt;), and must address another group in the complement (second person plural, &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;), so we have &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;os acompañamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Te invita Luis a cenar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A person is asking another person if a third one is inviting him/her to have dinner. The second person will have to use the third person singular in the verb (&lt;em&gt;invita&lt;/em&gt;) and the first person singular in the complement (&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;), so we have &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me invita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of constructions are the same in English, or possible your own mother tongue if it is other than English. So if you have trouble with these exercises, you can translate them into your language, calculate the answer and finally translate back the answer. Do this until you get the grasp of it, then stop translating and try to calculate the answers directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T13:34:09.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17899" CreationDate="2016-09-04T14:10:38.590" Score="4" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish expression equivalent to &quot;page-turner&quot;, as in &quot;this book is a real page-turner&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I've asked one Mexican friend, who just shrugged and looked online, where reverso.net suggested &quot;tornero de página&quot;, which doesn't sound right to me. So, there might not be a Mexican equivalent, but maybe there is one from another country? Or maybe this phrase just doesn't translate well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De antemano agradecidos! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-04T19:12:13.110" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T10:17:49.970" Title="Spanish equivalent for &quot;page-turner&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17891" CreationDate="2016-09-04T14:56:38.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) ¿Nos ayudas esta tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will you (tu) help us this afternoon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí les ayudará.&lt;/strong&gt; = Yes I will help you (all).  or &lt;strong&gt;No, no les ayudará.&lt;/strong&gt;= I will not help you (all). &#xA;You could also answer using present tense and say &lt;strong&gt;Sí les ayudo&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;No, no les ayudo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these responses &quot;You (all)&quot; is 'les&quot;  because it is the object of the verb, not the subject.  If you were to use OS as another poster suggested that would be appropriate if the actor or subject was the group, however the subject is the speaker, Yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) ¿Nos acompañáis a casa?&#xA; I am not versed in vosotros, but will give it a shot.&#xA;Will ya all accompany us to (our) house?  &quot;our&quot; is implied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí les acompañamos&lt;/strong&gt; (present tense) or &lt;strong&gt;Sí les acompañaremos.&lt;/strong&gt; (future tense)&#xA;Yes we are accompanying you all or Yes we will accompany you all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is Nosotros who is the speaker/subject and so &quot;OS&quot; should be &quot;les&quot; because they are the objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) ¿Te invita Luis a cenar?&#xA;Are you sure you have this question right? It is a little weird in it's wording.&#xA;as it reads it &quot;Te&quot; is the object &#xA;&quot;invita&quot; is the Ud form of the present tense, which would indicate that Luis is the actor,  and that the speaker is asking if Luis his inviting you to dinner, but that really should be worded &quot;Luis te invita a cenar? = &quot;Did/ is Luis inviting you to have dinner?&quot; and also it would most likely be worded in the past tense &quot;Luis te invitó a cenar?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the present tense of UD &quot;invita&quot; can also be used as a command directed at Tu, but that would be &quot;Invita a Luis a cenar.&quot;&#xA;So &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Sí, Luis me invita a cenar.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or more likely &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Sí, Luis me invitó a cenar.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;side note &quot;invitar&quot; means invite and pay, so if it is a dinner in a restaurant and not a house, saying &quot;I invite you&quot; means &quot;I'm inviting and I'm paying.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13599" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T14:56:38.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17894" CreationDate="2016-09-04T15:14:10.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We don't have an expression like &quot;page-turner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use to say &quot;me devoré el libro en una tarde&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy vengo con otra reseña de un libro que me devoré en una noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it isn't a rule, you can say in different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13600" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T06:33:57.717" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T06:33:57.717" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17884" CreationDate="2016-09-04T17:06:49.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;in number 2.) cuando se jubile: Jubilarse is an AR verb.  So in present tense it would be &quot;se jubila.&quot; As in He retires&quot; When it is conjugated with the 'e' ending as in &quot;se jubile&quot; the verb is now in the subjunctive.  IT is the subjunctive that sets the mood of something that is doubtful, or imaginary, or hasn't occurred yet, or something that is desired (but may or may not exist).  So it is the fact that the subjunctive conjugation was used that triggered the &quot;discussion of possibilities&quot; as you put it so well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you probably know &quot;jubilarse&quot; is the infinative or uncongugated for of the verb, as in, &quot;to retire (ones-self).&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of reflexive verbs you are really on the right track to take an interest in them.  So often texts and teachers say it is the same to use reflexive or not--- in fact it is not.  reflexive verbs contain so much.  First it is a MUCH more commonly used way of speaking, and second it can contain or eliminate the need for other prepositions.  &quot;He sings to me&quot; becomes &quot;Me canta&quot; or &quot;El me canta.&quot; Another example &quot;tell (the story) to me&quot; become &quot;cuentemelo&quot; note that the English &quot;to&quot; has been removed so now one does not have to decide &quot;por/para&quot;.  Another thing to note in this example is that with the verb contar present tense= (cuenta) but we make it subjunctive (cuente) because it is a command and we want to be polite (not imply sureity that they will comply). I am probably putting on too many layers at once. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But basically I find native speakers use the reflexive way more often than not.  And English speakers will often say things in an awkward round about way as they do a literal word by word translation.  This happens often when an English speaker wants to say something that contains the phrase &quot;for me.&quot; For example &quot;He bought it for me,&quot; becomes &quot;El lo compró para me.&quot; However, unless they were trying to empasize &quot;he bought it for me AND NOT FOR YOU&quot; a native speaker would probably say &quot;Se me lo compró.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13599" LastEditorUserId="13599" LastEditDate="2016-09-04T18:50:07.940" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T18:50:07.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17863" CreationDate="2016-09-04T18:42:06.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siento calor,&quot; is something we sense outside of ourselves. It is a hot day &lt;em&gt;outside&lt;/em&gt;, and I feel that heat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me siento calor&quot; means my skin, my body feels hot, maybe I am sweating, or I have a fever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siento triste&quot; means I am feeling sad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo me siento triste&quot; means I am feeling sad inside, maybe I am feeling sorry for myself, or wallowing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically when the reflexive is used as in &quot;me siento xxx&quot;, the feeling has to do more with the speaker than the outer environment or it can mean &quot;I really feel it!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13599" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T06:41:28.790" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T06:41:28.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17894" CreationDate="2016-09-04T19:04:01.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish language usually requires more words than English to express the same concept, and the expressions do not need to be literal translations of the English one. The first choice that came into my mind is &lt;em&gt;este libro &lt;strong&gt;se lee &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XaoEW7y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de una sentada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. If you need a shorter expression, you just can say that &lt;em&gt;ese libro &lt;strong&gt;es muy &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0CjIsyE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;absorbente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, &lt;em&gt;de una sentada&lt;/em&gt; refers to the act of sitting down to read the book, and not standing up until you finish it. The second expression refers to the book being capable of absorbing your mind until you finish it. By following the previous link you can find the following meaning for the word &lt;em&gt;absorber&lt;/em&gt; along with just the example we need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. tr. Atraer la atención de alguien o mantener a una persona ocupada por completo. &lt;em&gt;La novela conseguía absorber la atención del lector. El estudio la absorbe.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T10:17:49.970" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T10:17:49.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17903" CreationDate="2016-09-04T19:28:09.697" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following two questions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nos vendáis vuestro coche? --&amp;gt; Sí/(No, no) Os lo vendamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Visitáis hoy a Antonio? --&amp;gt; Sí/(No, no) nos lo visitamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how can I recognize which question I will have to use the verb as the subject for example in second question the subject is &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; and we have visit&lt;strong&gt;amos&lt;/strong&gt; which appiles to &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;. Unlike the first question we have os and we don't have vend&lt;strong&gt;ais&lt;/strong&gt; we have vend&lt;strong&gt;amos&lt;/strong&gt; which apply to nos that doesn't appear in the answer unlike the second question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any methods/tip how to find the right verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13594" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T08:05:28.030" Title="How can I know if the verb the same as the subject" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17900" CreationDate="2016-09-04T20:12:06.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you plural selling us your car? no we are not selling it to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you visit Antonio today? no we did not visit him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that help you here? Do not forget that pronouns are often omitted in Spanish when they are clear from the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T20:12:06.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T00:28:25.043" Score="5" ViewCount="5115" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two translator Apps indicate &quot;arándanos&quot; for both cranberries and blueberries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One suggested &quot;arándanos rojos&quot; for cranberries, and &quot;arándanos azules&quot; for blueberries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the words for such fruits in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13464" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T12:56:31.297" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T12:56:31.297" Title="What is the word for &quot;bluberries&quot; and &quot;cranberries&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17900" CreationDate="2016-09-05T08:05:28.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid you are mixing things up. The subject in both questions is &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, and in both answers is &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;; only in Spanish we tend to omit the subject when it is known or easy to infer. And that &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; in the second answer is completely superfluous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first question, &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; is not the subject, but the &lt;em&gt;indirect object&lt;/em&gt;. It indicates to whom you are performing the action; in this case, I ask whether you (subject) are selling the car (direct object) to us (indirect object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will also assume that you made a mistake and used the verb &lt;em&gt;vendar&lt;/em&gt; (to put bandages) instead of &lt;em&gt;vender&lt;/em&gt; (to sell). Then your examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nos vendéis vuestro coche? --&amp;gt; Sí/(No, no) os lo vendemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Visitáis hoy a Antonio? --&amp;gt; Sí/(No, no) lo visitamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T08:05:28.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17904" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17936" CreationDate="2016-09-05T12:49:49.080" Score="10" ViewCount="9547" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish people say &lt;em&gt;poner los cuernos&lt;/em&gt; (=&lt;em&gt;to put horns&lt;/em&gt;) to define a situation in which somebody is cheating to theirN partner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6uzId.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6uzId.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Juan le &lt;strong&gt;ha puesto los cuernos&lt;/strong&gt; a su novia! El otro día pasó la noche con una amiga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Juan y Antonia se separaron después de que se &lt;strong&gt;pusieran los cuernos&lt;/strong&gt; mutuamente unas cuantas veces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, when somebody has had a relationship with another person (specially having sex) without his/her partner knowing, this expression is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the DLE contains the meaning 'cheating' for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BakkB8M&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuernos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Infidelidad matrimonial. &lt;sub&gt;Marriage infidelity&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to find an explanation to this and found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogolengua.com/2010/07/poner-los-cuernos.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a site&lt;/a&gt; which details different hypothesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mythological references to the god Mercury,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Christian explanations on how this involves devil, who does have horns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but nothing seems to be definitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This concept seems to be quite widespread in Spanish culture, where a person to whom &lt;em&gt;le han puesto los cuernos&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;cornudo&lt;/em&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have proper references on the origin of this saying?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T23:35:15.513" Title="Why in Spanish &quot;putting horns&quot; means to cheat your partner?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17902" CreationDate="2016-09-05T13:09:11.820" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking as granted that you want to know the difference between cranberries and blueberries in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranberry&quot;&gt;cranberries&lt;/a&gt; refer to several species within the subgenus &lt;em&gt;Oxycoccus&lt;/em&gt; of the genus Vaccinium. Its equivalent in Spanish is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1ndano_rojo&quot;&gt;arándano rojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blueberry&quot;&gt;blueberries&lt;/a&gt; refer to several species from the section &lt;em&gt;Cyanococcus&lt;/em&gt; within the genus &lt;em&gt;Vaccinium&lt;/em&gt;. One of those species, the &lt;em&gt;vaccinium corymbosum&lt;/em&gt;, is what we know as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_corymbosum&quot;&gt;arándano azul&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or just &lt;strong&gt;arándano&lt;/strong&gt;. Nonetheless, it seems that the word &lt;em&gt;arándano&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish refers to the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_myrtillus&quot;&gt;vaccinium myrtillus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, a species known in English as bilberry or European blueberry. In fact, the Spanish definition for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3OtO9Li&quot;&gt;arándano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the DRAE takes as granted that the fruit of the bush is blackish or bluish.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T13:09:11.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17902" CreationDate="2016-09-05T13:13:43.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are correct. The common translations are &quot;arándanos rojos&quot; and &quot;arándanos azules&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;a href=&quot;https://respuestanatural.net/2013/04/06/717/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page&lt;/a&gt; you could find more info in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both berries have this scientific names '&lt;em&gt;Vaccinium oxycoccus&lt;/em&gt;' for &quot;&lt;em&gt;rojos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and '&lt;em&gt;Vaccinium corymbosum&lt;/em&gt;' for the &quot;&lt;em&gt;azules&lt;/em&gt;&quot; where the whole vaccinium family is called in Spanish &quot;&lt;em&gt;arándanos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;bayas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more than just blues and reds. There is also other colors like black (it is really dark red or dark purple) and those we call them &quot;&lt;em&gt;moras&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search images for &quot;bayas&quot; you will see all kinds of berries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TAmyq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TAmyq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T14:39:31.740" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T14:39:31.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T13:58:54.370" Score="4" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always been a bit confused about when to use the indirect object pronoun &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; for persons. Specifically, is it necessary (or even forbidden) when specifying the person. e.g. &lt;code&gt;Voy a visitarle a Pedro.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; (the direct object pronouns) used in place of &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;, for persons, and quite frequently so. What's up with this? Is it strictly correct? The only situation in which I can imagine this would be right is with the verb &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2394" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T14:42:18.403" Title="Indirect object pronouns for persons" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17907" CreationDate="2016-09-05T14:42:18.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not an answer, but to give you some examples of how NOT to use this.&#xA;LO is generic for objects. LE is always for masculine. The problem starts with femenine, because LA and LE is hard to distinguish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decirla algo (a ella): Never use &quot;LA&quot; for femenine indirect objects. Correct is generic for persons: DecirLE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But most of the times, you hear:  Peinarla (a ella), which sounds completely perfect. And it shouldn't be right, but you hear it everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy al parque a cogerle = Always means a person, but some people use this for objects, which is wrong. Should be LO for objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T14:42:18.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T14:43:48.877" Score="2" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing an application for doing volunteer work in Colombia. They asked me when I would be able to work and I wrote this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría trabajar con ustedes de lunes a jueves en la jornada de la tarde. Es que también pienso a seguir unas clases de español. Si este horario no funciona para ustedes, avísame y tal vez puedo acomodar mi horario. Todavía no me he inscrito a las clases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this sound natural? It sounds somewhat off to me. I'm not sure about use of &lt;em&gt;acomodar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;inscribir&lt;/em&gt; in this context neither. How would you write this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would really appreciate the input, getting the volunteer job would make my travel in Colombia more fulfilling. Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13607" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T20:56:59.067" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T20:56:59.067" Title="are there mistakes in the sentence I've written?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17909" CreationDate="2016-09-05T15:02:48.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this site we do not accept questions with text corrections and for sure your question will be flagged to be closed but since you are coming to &lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt; and you will be studying Spanish &lt;strong&gt;and also doing volunteer work&lt;/strong&gt; I'll try to help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustaría trabajar con ustedes de lunes a jueves en la jornada de la tarde&lt;/em&gt; This first sentence is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next sentence is &lt;em&gt;Es que también pienso a seguir unas clases de español.&lt;/em&gt; and here &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;a seguir&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is not correct. You could change that to &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coger&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. In some countries &amp;quot;coger&amp;quot; sounds very wrong but in Colombia you can safely say &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Es que también pienso coger unas clases de español&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; or *&amp;quot;Es que también pienso tomar unas clases de español&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next sentence &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Si este horario no funciona para ustedes, avísame y tal vez puedo acomodar mi horario.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; has inconsistencies. If you say &amp;quot;ustedes&amp;quot; you are using plural so the rest of the sentence has to be plural too so &lt;em&gt;avísame&lt;/em&gt; should become &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;avísenme&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;ustedes&amp;quot; become &amp;quot;ti&amp;quot; but you only use &amp;quot;tu&amp;quot; with people you already know and you are very familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The alernatives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si este horario no funciona para &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;avisenme&lt;/strong&gt; y tal vez pued&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; acomodar mi horario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si este horario no funciona para &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;avíseme&lt;/strong&gt; y tal vez pueda acomodar mi horario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si este horario no funciona para &lt;strong&gt;ti&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;avísame&lt;/strong&gt; y tal vez pueda acomodar mi horario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the last sentence should be &amp;quot;Todavía no me he inscrito &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; las clases.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T15:13:54.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17911" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T20:53:38.317" Score="2" ViewCount="498" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just seen the expression &quot;venir siendo&quot; used this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la niebla, que vendría siendo el cielo…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was asking the person who wrote that to explain (among other things) what &quot;la niebla&quot; was supposed to be in their story, and the reply is apparently &quot;it would be the heaven&quot;. As a simple language learner, it would be natural for me to use &quot;sería&quot; in that case, and I was quite surprised to find out that a construction like &quot;venir siendo&quot; exists. So I'm wondering if it's just an equivalent option, or there's some reason the phrase would be preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13611" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T02:11:24.457" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T02:11:24.457" Title="When to use &quot;venir siendo&quot; instead of &quot;ser&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17913" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-06T06:31:53.830" Score="7" ViewCount="33275" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como padre suelo usar a menudo la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;site=imghp&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;biw=1283&amp;amp;bih=1090&amp;amp;q=hacer%20pucheros&amp;amp;oq=hacer%20pucheros&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer pucheros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Se entiende como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYtBmHW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puchero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en este caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. m. coloq. Gesto o movimiento que precede al llanto verdadero o fingido. U. m. en pl. &lt;em&gt;Empezó a hacer pucheros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción viene recogida en el mapa de diccionarios desde su primera edición (1780), en la que significaba exactamente lo mismo que hoy día. Así que me preguntaba cuál podría ser el origen de la expresión. He visto un par de ideas, la primera &lt;a href=&quot;http://queviral.com/el-origen-de-la-expresion-hacer-pucheros/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;muy descabellada&lt;/a&gt; a mi parecer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] La teoría más extendida es que en el Imperio Romano estas ollas se levantaban por las asas para moverlas de lugar estando calientes por lo que provocaban quemaduras y lágrimas en los portadores. Algo parecido sucedía con los niños, ya que los adultos solían besar a los niños levantándolos por las orejas –como si éstas fueran las asas del puchero– provocando, obviamente, el dolor y llanto el los pequeños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la segunda con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esacademic.com/dic.nsf/sp_sp_dichos_refranes/1139/hacer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;algo más de sentido común&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de la locución podría estar en los hipos y ruidos que se hacen cuando se está a punto de llorar, similares a los que salen de un puchero cuando la comida que está dentro cuece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no dejan de ser teorías y suposiciones. ¿Alguien tiene alguna referencia legítima acerca del origen de dicha expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T10:44:53.203" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;hacer pucheros&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17911" CreationDate="2016-09-06T07:31:28.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;venir siendo&quot; is an expression with no other meaning than &quot;es&quot; but sounds like It has been &quot;appearing&quot; slowly, or that &quot;in this case, it looks like it is the sky&quot;.&#xA;It is a very complicated expression, not common at all in spoken language, but it is on written language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a funny phrase very common in spanish from Spain when you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Te interesa? (are you interested?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Me interesa lo que viene siendo poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds a little &quot;awkward&quot;, as if you were trying not to say it very rough and direct, because you could just say: &lt;em&gt;Me interesa poco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But it is like using &quot;old&quot; expressions, it sounds even funny. But understandable and correct. Not very common to use, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T10:35:18.850" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T10:35:18.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17904" CreationDate="2016-09-06T07:36:26.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found several answers. None of them in english. Maybe somebody would like to translate this by editing the post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Algunas fuentes nos indican que al parecer el origen de la expresión&#xA;“poner los cuernos” se lo debemos a los vikingos, pues los jefes de&#xA;las aldeas o poblados tenían una especie de “derecho de pernada” sobre&#xA;las mujeres de su territorio, es decir, podían mantener relaciones con&#xA;cualquiera de las allí presentes sin ningún tipo de compromiso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando esto ocurría el jefe colocaba en la puerta de la casa su casco,&#xA;adornado por los dos cuernos típicos, de manera que nadie se atreviese&#xA;a importunar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto dio origen a la expresión que hoy tratamos para referirnos a&#xA;algún tipo de infidelidad, pues estas mujeres solían estar casadas o&#xA;eran pretendidas por algún muchacho de la misma tribu, que sentirían&#xA;como una infidelidad la desgracia de que el jefe del clan se fijase en&#xA;su amada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras fuentes cuentan la misma historia, pero con los nobles&#xA;británicos como protagonistas y una cornamenta de ciervo en las&#xA;puertas de las casas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas nos llevan hasta España o México, donde se utiliza la palabra&#xA;“buey” como sinónimo de tonto, persona ridícula o poco viril; por lo&#xA;que al ser víctima de una infidelidad (generalmente el hombre)&#xA;acumulaba todos estos calificativos en estos atributos que&#xA;imaginariamente adornaban su cabeza para convertirlo en ese buey al&#xA;que antes nos referíamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente al relato del ”Libro del Buen Amor” del Arcipreste de&#xA;Hita, en que narra la historia de un pintor que marcha durante dos&#xA;años de viaje y antes de partir le pinta un cordero a su esposa bajo&#xA;el ombligo. Como la esposa no le es fiel, el cordero se le borra, por&#xA;lo que pide a su amante (otro pintor) que le dibuje un cordero...&#xA;dando como resultado el dibujo de un carnero por parte del amante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al regresar el marido le pregunta a la esposa que cómo es posible que&#xA;el cordero que dibujó hace dos años, se convirtiese en un cordero,&#xA;obteniendo la respuesta por parte de la esposa de que era lo normal,&#xA;pues en tan largo tiempo el cordero crece y se convierte en un&#xA;estupendo carnero; y de aquí la expresión “poner los cuernos”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken from this article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t2475/el-origen-de-la-expresion-poner-los-cuernos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t2475/el-origen-de-la-expresion-poner-los-cuernos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some sources tell us that apparently the origin of the expression &amp;quot;to put the horns&amp;quot; &amp;quot;is owed to the Vikings, because the village chiefs had a kind of &lt;em&gt;jus primae noctis&lt;/em&gt; on the women of their territory; in other words, they could maintain relations with any of those present without any commitment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this happened the boss placed his helmet on the door of the house, adorned by the two typical horns, so that no one dared to bother them during the act.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gave rise to the expression we are talking about today being used to refer to some kind of infidelity, because these women used to be married or were pretended by some boy from the same tribe, who would feel as an infidelity the misfortune that the head of the clan put his attention on their beloved one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other sources tell the same story, but with the British nobles as protagonists and a deer antler on the doors of the houses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some take us to Spain or Mexico, where the word _buey (&amp;quot;ox&amp;quot;) is used as a synonym for a fool, a ridiculous person or someone with little virility; so being a victim of an infidelity (usually the man) accumulated all these qualifiers in these attributes that figuratively adorned his head to turn him into that ox we referred to earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally to the story of the &amp;quot;The Book of Good Love&amp;quot; of the Archpriest of Hita, in which he tells the story of a painter who marches during two years of travel and before leaving he paints a lamb below his wife's belly button. As the wife is not faithful, the lamb gets faded, so she asks her lover (another painter) to draw a lamb... resulting in the drawing of a ram by the lover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the husband returns, he asks the wife how is it possible that the lamb he drew two years ago became a ram; obtaining the answer from the wife that it was normal, because in such a long time the lamb grows and becomes a great ram; and hence the expression &amp;quot;to put on the horns&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1863" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-11-07T10:18:43.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2016-09-06T07:54:53.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cueros de rana&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cueritos de rana&lt;/em&gt;, is used to refer to dollars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other answers say it is not used any more but it's been used recently in this lyrics by 'Los Tigres del Norte':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los Tigres Del Norte - El Hijo De Tijuana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Yo soy puro cachanilla, nacido y criado en Tijuana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy borrego señores, y cargo kilos de lana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso me ven gastando, puros cueritos de rana&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am pure cachanilla(people fro Mexicali), born and raised in Tijuana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not lamb, and carry kilograms of wool(money)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you see me spending, pure frog skins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13616" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T10:52:13.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3853" CreationDate="2016-09-06T08:14:05.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sino&lt;/em&gt; is an elegant way to provide a &lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/sino-mas-bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;non-obvious alternative to a negative statement&lt;/a&gt;, without having to start a new sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To avoid confusing it with &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;, try replacing it with &lt;em&gt;although&lt;/em&gt;–if it works, it's &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;; otherwise, it's &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Me apetecía verte hoy, &lt;strong&gt;pero&lt;/strong&gt; hasta mañana no puedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I felt like seeing you today, (but/although) until tomorrow, I can't.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Pues yo no contaba con verte hoy, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; mañana, así que perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;(Well) I wasn't counting on seeing you today, (but/I was counting on seeing you) tomorrow, so that's perfect.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T09:00:32.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17932" CreationDate="2016-09-06T10:50:00.387" Score="2" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently while watching an episode of Narcos, I came across a scene where Escobar yells out a bunch of instructions to his minions and then asks them to leave. When he finds them a tad hesitant to leave, he yells at them apparently in the sense of &quot;I said leave!&quot; This is what he yelled:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Que se vayan!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand this is an indirect imperative construct and can be used instead of the regular imperative without the &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;. What I don't understand is its use-case. Where does this construct stand in terms of formal-ness? Is it more or less formal than the regular construct? Is there any factor that determines which one I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T12:53:18.250" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T13:33:28.287" Title="Understanding the indirect imperative use-case &quot;que se vayan&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17913" CreationDate="2016-09-06T14:41:19.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conozco esta otra teoría, tampoco tiene mucho soporte pero me parece más verosímil que la de las orejas de los niños romanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;strong&gt;abucheos&lt;/strong&gt; antiguamente eran los &quot;griteríos&quot;, por evolución de onomatopeyas de caza como &lt;em&gt;¡uch!&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;¡hucho!&lt;/em&gt; Cuando el niño estiraba la trompa y humedecía los ojitos, estaba &quot;anunciando un abucheo&quot;. Por metonimia, el significado de la palabra pasó de lo anunciado al anuncio. Y por atracción paronímica, &lt;em&gt;abucheo&lt;/em&gt; se convirtió en &lt;em&gt;puchero&lt;/em&gt;, algo muy habitual en el habla doméstica, sobre todo con niños. (Pienso, por ejemplo, en que mi mamá le decía &lt;em&gt;los sartenes&lt;/em&gt; a los sostenes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T14:41:19.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17922" CreationDate="2016-09-06T14:52:18.647" Score="0" ViewCount="1269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I almost always go with &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; but I have come across several different translations some of which are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ya que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desde que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pues&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do these translations differ in nuance and how does one pick the best one for a given scenario? And if, by any chance, they do happen to be absolutely synonymous, is there any usage preference, dialectical or otherwise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am only interested in the context of &quot;because&quot; or &quot;since.&quot; For example, I understand that &lt;strong&gt;pues&lt;/strong&gt; can mean a bunch of other things like &lt;em&gt;well&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alright&lt;/em&gt;, etc. too but I am not talking about those interpretations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T16:14:26.367" Title="Translating &quot;since&quot; or &quot;because&quot; into Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17921" CreationDate="2016-09-06T15:32:44.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending the context, you can translate since as &quot;desde&quot;, &quot;ya que&quot;, &quot;debido a&quot; and &quot;porque&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you can translate because as &quot;porque&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use both words in same sentences:&#xA;Compró pan, porque se le había acabado.&#xA;Compró pan, ya que se le había acabado.&#xA;Compró pan, debido a que se le había acabado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most of sentences, common language people use &quot;because&quot;. In other words: kids allways use &quot;porque&quot;, never &quot;since&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other important thing is you can't start a sentnce using &quot;porque&quot; if it's not answering a question. you can't said: &quot;porque tenía hambre, compré pan&quot;. However you can said &quot;ya que tenía hambre, compré pan&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13537" LastEditorUserId="13537" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T16:14:26.367" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T16:14:26.367" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17913" CreationDate="2016-09-06T17:44:09.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Archivos_de_la_BCRAE_Vocabulario_espnaol-latino_Nebrija.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Español-Latín&lt;/a&gt; de Nebrija (1494) aparece la entrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pucheros por buchetes. buca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(en la pág. 174 del documento enlazado) por lo que me inclino a pensar que tiene su origen simplemente en una variante &lt;em&gt;juguetona&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6DF8Fuc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;buchetes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ya que el inflamiento de los carrillos suele formar parte del proceso de &lt;em&gt;hacer pucheros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T10:44:53.203" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T10:44:53.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2016-09-06T18:09:33.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you can choose between &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; you need to know what aisle of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/por-para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish supermarket&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; you're on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the only five confusing aisles, the ones that contain both por and para:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. Reason (por)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Normal recipient&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. Favor recipient (por)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moment in time&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. Amount of time (por)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Destination&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. Route (por)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opinion&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. Indifference (por)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not in any of these five aisles (or if you are, but &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; doesn't fit), use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="13617" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T16:10:08.007" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T16:10:08.007" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2016-09-06T18:13:55.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to recipients, you should distinguish between &lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/por-para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;normal and favor recipients&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Normal recipient&lt;/strong&gt; (para) vs. &lt;strong&gt;Favor recipient&lt;/strong&gt; (por)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the most famous &lt;strong&gt;normal recipient&lt;/strong&gt; example–ordering stuff:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Camarero.— ¿Les traigo algo de beber?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Waiter: &amp;quot;(Do you want me to) bring you something to drink?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valeria.— Yo quiero un tinto de verano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Valeria: &amp;quot;I want a non-touristy sangria&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esteban.— &lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt; mí también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Esteban: &amp;quot;For me as well&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esteban will be the recipient of the tinto, but he could have also cowardly asked Valeria to order for him, thereby becoming a &lt;strong&gt;favor recipient&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esteban.— Me apetece un tinto de verano, pero me da vergüenza pedírselo al camarero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Esteban: &amp;quot;I (feel like getting) a non-touristy sangria, but it gives me embarrassment (to) ask it to the waiter&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valeria.— Mira que eres tímido. Ya lo pido yo &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Valeria: &amp;quot;(It's shocking) how shy you are. (Don't worry) I'll order it for you&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm stretching the concept of a &lt;strong&gt;favor&lt;/strong&gt; to comfortably fit two different things: doing something &lt;strong&gt;in someone's place&lt;/strong&gt; and doing something &lt;strong&gt;for someone's sake&lt;/strong&gt;. Here is a better example of the latter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo toda la vida sacrificándome &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; mis hijos y ahora los muy malditos me han escondido los cigarrillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I've spent my entire life sacrificing myself for my children and now those (damn bastards) have hidden away my cigarettes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the sacrificing had been done &lt;strong&gt;para mis hijos&lt;/strong&gt;, the general meaning would remain the same, but the listener would have to come up with the implicit verb, which might not be obvious in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T08:59:57.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10634" CreationDate="2016-09-06T18:18:19.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on what is being implied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi primo me prestó su cámara &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; dos días. (amount of time → &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mi primo me prestó su cámara &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; (que la usara durante) dos días. (purpose → &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you can choose between &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; you need to know what aisle of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/por-para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish supermarket&lt;/a&gt; you're on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the only five confusing aisles, the ones that contain both por and para:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) vs. Reason (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Normal recipient&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) vs. Favor recipient (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moment in time&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) vs. Amount of time (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Destination&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) vs. Route (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opinion&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;) vs. Indifference (&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not in any of these five aisles (or if you are, but &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; doesn't fit), use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T09:39:21.743" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T09:39:21.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2016-09-06T18:30:52.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also, to complete what others have said, it's worth pointing out that the /ʝ/ phoneme can be voiced as either an &lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/candle-blowing-and-approximants#crossed_tail_j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;approximant or an affricate&lt;/a&gt; /ɟʝ/ (at the beginning of a word or after /n/ or /m/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="13617" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T14:17:09.623" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T14:17:09.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17931" CreationDate="2016-09-07T09:50:30.290" Score="6" ViewCount="9586" Body="&lt;p&gt;En catalán usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;lloca&lt;/em&gt; para definir aquella fruta que está demasiado madura y cogió un color oscuro, como si estuviera podrida. A veces es pastosa, a veces esponjosa. Aún se puede comer, pero ya no es apetecible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí una imagen al respecto que encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l2qJ7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l2qJ7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve pensando y no se me ocurrió ninguna palabra equivalente en castellano. ¿La tenemos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En catalán, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0083607&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lloca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; también designa a una ave en su período de empollar. Curiosamente, la traducción que me da google translate a &lt;em&gt;lloca&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;clueca&lt;/em&gt;, que la RAE define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9VM1c3C&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;clueco, ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;clocar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una gallina o de otra ave: Que está en el período de empollar los huevos. U. t. c. s. f.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Muy débil y casi impedida por la vejez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo la segunda acepción pienso que tal vez &lt;em&gt;clueco, ca&lt;/em&gt; podría ser la palabra que busco, si la aplicamos a una fruta en lugar de una persona. Sin embargo, nunca la oí en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2021-04-24T20:15:53.450" Title="¿Cómo definimos una fruta que está muy madura pero sin estar podrida, al límite de lo comible?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-09-07T11:52:29.323" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo de la foto es fruta &lt;strong&gt;pasada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una acepción en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;57&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de la fruta, de la carne o de algo semejante: Perder la sazón o empezarse a pudrir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T11:52:29.323" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-09-07T13:00:04.467" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el DIRAE me he encontrado con una palabra que me resulta muy graciosa y familiar, y que encaja con lo que buscas: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RPWTFER&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pachucho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Pasado de puro maduro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se puede decir que una fruta está pachucha cuando se está empezando a estropear pero aún se puede comer, al igual que una persona está pachucha cuando no está enferma pero va camino de estarlo. Es una expresión que no me resulta desconocida, creo que recuerdo a mi abuela usándola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, también he encontrado una palabra muy parecida que se usa en México: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RP1Fdsj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pachichi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del náhuatl &lt;em&gt;pachichina&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;chichina&lt;/em&gt; 'chupar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Méx. Dicho de un fruto: Demasiado maduro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra expresión que me sale sola cuando veo fruta así es decir que está &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TTHlYJ6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pocha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de un alimento, especialmente de la fruta: Podrida o dañada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T13:46:20.050" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17919" CreationDate="2016-09-07T13:33:28.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This construction is usual in other Spanish countries, too. &lt;em&gt;Que se vayan&lt;/em&gt; is just a subordinate where the main clause is elided. It could be &lt;em&gt;He dicho que se vayan&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Quiero que se vayan&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as I say, the construction is pretty usual, even if it looks weird that you omit the main clause and leave just the subordinate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it in a somewhat different context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Han venido las personas que estaba usted esperando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que entren (&lt;em&gt;Dígales que entren&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Haga que entren&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T13:33:28.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17934" CreationDate="2016-09-07T15:15:54.180" Score="2" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Mexican newspaper El Universal runs several news items throughout the day across all its social media accounts. Of those, one particular practice that recently caught my attention is their use of this hashtag: &lt;strong&gt;#BajoReserva&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have noted correctly, they run at least one tweet with this hashtag every day. The piece with this hashtag also carries this tag on other platforms such as the El Universal app, its Facebook page, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be the best way to interpret this expression in this context? I know the phrase literally translates as &lt;em&gt;under reservation&lt;/em&gt; but in the context of news, it hardly makes any sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PP6DA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PP6DA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T16:01:40.983" Title="Meaning of the El Universal hashtag &quot;bajo reserva&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17933" CreationDate="2016-09-07T16:01:40.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;em&gt;off the record&lt;/em&gt;, but here it's just the name of a newspaper column; I don't know if the information in it is necessarily obtained &lt;em&gt;off the record&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T16:01:40.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-09-07T16:12:46.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasada&lt;/strong&gt; es también la palabra que he usado y oído usar siempre para referirse a fruta que está demasiado madura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estos plátanos están &lt;strong&gt;pasados&lt;/strong&gt;, solo sirven para hacer batidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T06:23:50.370" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:23:50.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17904" CreationDate="2016-09-07T17:38:14.807" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To wear horns&lt;/em&gt; is an expression belonging to Western culture and is not exclusive to the Spanish language, as it is used at least in Spanish (&lt;em&gt;Poner cuernos&lt;/em&gt;), French (&lt;em&gt;Mettre des cornes&lt;/em&gt;), and Italian (&lt;em&gt;Avere le corna&lt;/em&gt;). Its origin is apparently Greek and Latin — According to Richard Broxton Onians' &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=U0q6Tnu7p8MC&amp;amp;pg=PA243#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Origins of European Thought&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, horns had an important sexual significance in Antiquity, and the earliest reference to the association between horns and adultery is to be found in &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/epigrammatumant00couggoog#page/n355/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;an epigram from the Anthologia Palatina&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Anth. Pal. XI, 5&lt;/em&gt;) titled &quot;Kerophoros&quot; (&quot;horn-wearer&quot;), which says that &lt;em&gt;&quot;the husband who has many a Paris in his house&quot;&lt;/em&gt; has horns.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression was widely used in the English language too, and The &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=TXQVDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA520#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford Handbook of the Age of Shakespeare&lt;/a&gt; cites Samuel Johnson as saying of Shakespeare that &quot;there is no image which our author appears so fond of as that of a cuckold's horns.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An interesting source with plenty of footnotes and information is John Brand's &lt;em&gt;Observations on Popular Antiquities&lt;/em&gt;, which devotes an entire section to &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=uOFiAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA113&amp;amp;lpg=PA117#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;the Saying that the Husbands of False Women Wear Horns or are Cornutes.&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T17:38:14.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17904" CreationDate="2016-09-07T18:22:07.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definite answer is: we really don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we know is that the expression is very old (at least c. XIII) and is also known in Italy and France.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Already in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/del-origen-y-principio-de-la-lengua-castellana-o-romance-que-oy-se-vsa-en-espana-compuesto-por-el--0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Del origen y principio de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (1674) the origin of the word was &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=20A6tUyqLWQC&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA164&amp;amp;lpg=RA1-PA164&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;object of speculation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tentative (mostly dubious) explanations &lt;a href=&quot;http://desconciertos3.blogspot.com/2010/03/relacion-verdadera-de-hipotesis-sobre.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T18:22:07.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17939" CreationDate="2016-09-08T06:02:17.097" Score="3" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A and B are the same.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb here agrees in number with the subject, which is why we use &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt;. Does this happen in Spanish too? Which of the following is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A y B es lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A y B son lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T06:29:58.460" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:29:58.460" Title="When the subject is &quot;A y B&quot;, which grammatical number does the verb agree with?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17938" CreationDate="2016-09-08T06:20:53.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second option is the correct one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;A y B es lo mismo&lt;/s&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;A y B son lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the article about &lt;em&gt;concordancia&lt;/em&gt; (concord?) in the Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;concordancia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Reglas generales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) &lt;strong&gt;La coordinación de dos o más sustantivos o pronombres en singular, siempre que cada uno de ellos se refiera a un ente distinto, forma un grupo que concuerda en plural con el adjetivo o el pronombre, o con el verbo del que son sujeto&lt;/strong&gt;: «&lt;em&gt;Rehogar la cebolla y la zanahoria picadas durante quince minutos&lt;/em&gt;» (Pozuelo/PzPérez Técnicas [Esp. 2001]); «El oxígeno, el hidrógeno y el carbono los proporciona el medio» (LpzTorres Horticultura [Méx. 1994]); «&lt;em&gt;La sal y el agua son gratis&lt;/em&gt;» (Martínez Evita [Arg. 1995]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:20:53.960" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17940" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-08T09:05:58.720" Score="4" ViewCount="3325" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una conversación que tuve ayer surgió la palabra &lt;em&gt;hado&lt;/em&gt;, la cual era desconocida para mi interlocutor. Le comenté (acertadamente, como pude comprobar después) que viene del latín &lt;em&gt;fatum&lt;/em&gt;, de la cual viene también el &lt;em&gt;fate&lt;/em&gt; inglés. Hoy he consultado la palabra en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JxsZGaS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;fatum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En la tradición clásica, fuerza desconocida que obra irresistiblemente sobre los dioses, los hombres y los sucesos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Encadenamiento fatal de los sucesos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción es la que yo esperaba, pero la segunda me descolocó un poco. ¿Un hado es algo fatal? Lo primero que hice fue ver definiciones anteriores de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1817-1925: Lo que, conforme a lo dispuesto por Dios desde la eternidad, nos sucede con el discurso del tiempo mediante las causas naturales ordenadas y dirigidas por la Providencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1780: Los gentiles entendieron por hado el órden inevitable de las cosas; pero considerado bien, no es otra cosa que la voluntad de Dios, y lo que está determinado en su eternidad sucederá á cada uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el hecho de incluir el adjetivo &quot;fatal&quot; en la definición es algo bastante moderno, concretamente desde la versión de 1992. Pero luego comprobé la definición de fatal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HffspKE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fatal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. fatālis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. inevitable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Desgraciado, infeliz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. malo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al hado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Der. Dicho de un plazo: improrrogable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Rematadamente mal. &lt;em&gt;Lo hiciste fatal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo entendería un &quot;hado&quot; como un destino inevitable (acepción 1) e incluso improrrogable (acepción 5), pero no necesariamente malo, como se entendía en las definiciones de antes de 1992. Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;¿por qué se usa el adjetivo &quot;fatal&quot; en la definición en vez de directamente &quot;inevitable&quot; como antes? ¿Es un &quot;hado&quot; un destino necesariamente adverso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, en la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tenemos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an inevitable and often adverse outcome, condition, or end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos al menos consideran que el destino tiene bastantes probabilidades de ser adverso, pero no siempre. Y en portugués tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/fado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Força superior que se crê controlar todos os acontecimentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Aquilo que tem de acontecer, independentemente da vontade humana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que tampoco hace mención a que sea fatal o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE responde mediante &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/773854123879964673&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; a la pregunta de si el &quot;hado&quot; es un destino necesariamente adverso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No necesariamente. Sí, ineludible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que entiendo que el uso de &quot;fatal&quot; está tomado en su primera acepción (&quot;inevitable&quot;). &lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué entonces no se usó directamente &quot;ineludible&quot; como proponen, en vez de &quot;fatal&quot; que puede llevar a equívoco?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T13:06:28.827" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T03:42:02.193" Title="¿Es un &quot;hado&quot; un destino necesariamente adverso?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17942" CreationDate="2016-09-08T12:29:36.747" Score="6" ViewCount="4625" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm listening to Michael Thomas Spanish (disc 3, episode 6) and learning Castilian Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this he explains the characteristics between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, which I thought I'd understood - &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is a constant characteristic and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is a current characteristic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example from the CD is &lt;em&gt;Pablo está bien vestido hoy&lt;/em&gt; - I understand why it's from the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;! He's only well dressed today. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, at the end of the track, he asks a student to translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am a professor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and he said it was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy profesor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where I'm confused. We can change jobs and as such, I would have thought &lt;em&gt;Estoy professor&lt;/em&gt; is more accurate? Or would this statement imply you're about to change job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is why is it &lt;em&gt;soy&lt;/em&gt;? Is it just an exception to my understanding (as defined above) or is my understanding between the 2 verbs incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12151" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T05:56:43.857" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T05:56:43.857" Title="What should we use when it comes to employment, &quot;soy&quot; or &quot;estoy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17941" CreationDate="2016-09-08T12:45:10.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be a professor is a permanent characteristic, an attribute of the person, unrelated to their employment status. If you are a professor, you can be an unemployed professor, a professor working as a lumberjack, or whatever. You studied and &lt;em&gt;became&lt;/em&gt; a professor. It's the same with all professions and trades; you use &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; with them. Also, although it doesn't suit as well the model &lt;em&gt;ser - permanent, estar - temporary&lt;/em&gt;, you use &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; for positions, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T12:45:10.500" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-09-08T15:28:54.190" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso que yo conozco, en diferentes lugares de España (tengo familia distribuida por aquí y por allá):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está &lt;strong&gt;pasada&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;picada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también podemos decir está &lt;strong&gt;tocada&lt;/strong&gt; sobre todo si es el resultado de haber recibido algún golpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T21:16:03.807" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T21:16:03.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17946" CreationDate="2016-09-09T05:32:35.230" Score="10" ViewCount="8525" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, there's a subtle but definite difference between &lt;em&gt;few&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a few&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A few men went to the party. (&lt;em&gt;Some people went&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Few men went to the party. (&lt;em&gt;Nobody or almost nobody went&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this difference also exist between the &lt;strong&gt;un poco&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;poco&lt;/strong&gt; of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T06:42:47.337" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T07:25:17.970" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;poco&quot; and &quot;un poco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17945" CreationDate="2016-09-09T06:23:01.980" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is the same difference and then a bit more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could translate your examples into Spanish as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few men went to the party --&amp;gt; A la fiesta fueron unos pocos hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few men went to the party --&amp;gt; A la fiesta fueron pocos hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first example we'd probably say &lt;em&gt;algunos hombres&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;unos pocos hombres&lt;/em&gt; is usable, too. The meaning of these sentences are basically the same as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, we also have a difference between &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt;. In this case, &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt; works as an adverb and may be translated as &lt;em&gt;little&lt;/em&gt; in English, though this translation does not always work too well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pon un poco de azúcar sobre la tarta --&amp;gt; Put a little sugar over the cake&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pon poco azúcar sobre la tarta --&amp;gt; Don't put much sugar over the cake&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general meaning is similar, but &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; can be considered opposed to &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt; is opposed to &lt;em&gt;a lot&lt;/em&gt;. In both cases it is an amount between nothing and a lot, but the gist is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T06:23:01.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17945" CreationDate="2016-09-09T06:23:09.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, I think that subtle difference is also present in Spanish. I think the best example is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durmió poco. &lt;em&gt;(He didn't sleep enough.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durmió un poco. &lt;em&gt;(He at least slept some time.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see this difference even in the DRAE, in the definition of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TTT0e1l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;POCO: En número, cantidad o intensidad escasos respecto de lo regular, ordinario o preciso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;UN POCO: Una cantidad pequeña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that if you say just &lt;em&gt;poco&lt;/em&gt;, you're implying you have a scale and that the amount you are measuring didn't reach a expected level (&lt;em&gt;escasos &lt;strong&gt;respecto de lo regular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;). If you say &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; you don't have that scale, you're just implying a small amout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T07:25:17.970" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T07:25:17.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17949" CreationDate="2016-09-09T13:21:46.143" Score="6" ViewCount="42092" Body="&lt;p&gt;We all know about the expression &quot;WTF&quot; - &lt;em&gt;what the fuck&lt;/em&gt; in English. It can be reflected with this face:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZCmuj.gif&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZCmuj.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it can be described as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are you talking about?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you serious?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or many more similar sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any equivalent in Spanish? I thought about the following, but it might sound a bit harsh or rude:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué coño...?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T10:48:36.593" Title="&quot;WTF&quot; (what the fuck) in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-09T14:44:40.097" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A cursory look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/what-the-fuck.1084438/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this WordReference forum&lt;/a&gt; gives me the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombia: &lt;strong&gt;qué verracos&lt;/strong&gt; (mild; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;verraco&lt;/strong&gt; = boar&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;strong&gt;qué putas&lt;/strong&gt; (very rude; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;puta&lt;/strong&gt; = whore&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Panama: &lt;strong&gt;qué mierdas&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mierda&lt;/strong&gt; = shit&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mexico: qué chingados (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chingado&lt;/strong&gt; = the fuck&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain: &lt;strong&gt;qué narices&lt;/strong&gt; (considerably milder; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;narices&lt;/strong&gt; = the heck&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;strong&gt;qué demonios&lt;/strong&gt; (considerably milder; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;demonios&lt;/strong&gt; = the hell, the devil&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also personally heard &lt;strong&gt;no mames&lt;/strong&gt; from my Mexican friends when they're implying something like &lt;em&gt;you're shitting me, aren't you?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T14:44:40.097" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-09T16:22:44.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué coño? doesn't sound too pretty but is not that bad around here. It is used mainly on the Caribbean coast but not on the andean part of the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to sound too vulgar you would say &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué demonios?&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué diablos?&lt;/strong&gt; or simply &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué?&lt;/strong&gt;, however WTF (not the acronym but the full sentence) is always rude and vulgar, so these are not real translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if the real vulgar and rude equivalents would be appropriated for the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW English speakers that do not want to sound too harsh instead of dropping the full &lt;strong&gt;F*ck bomb&lt;/strong&gt; not only write WTF but also pronounce it as &quot;Double U&quot; &quot;Tee&quot; &quot;Ef&quot; as in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/hj1xtRxn7o0?start=37&amp;amp;end=42&amp;amp;version=3&amp;amp;autoplay=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T20:26:46.080" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T20:26:46.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-09T18:01:11.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿¡Pero qué me estás contando!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning would be closer to your &quot;What are you talking about?&quot;. To better express the puzzlement associated with &quot;WTF&quot;, in some contexts it's deliberately degenerated to this (not correct) form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78H8Agr-S1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿¡Pero qué me estás CONTAINER!?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13419" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T18:01:11.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13575" CreationDate="2016-09-09T19:06:13.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que el término &quot;morro(a)&quot; sí tiene origen en el norte del país, actualmente se usa de manera muy común en todo el centro y en general en las ciudades grandes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte &quot;Mamar&quot; sí tiene significado de sexo oral, sin embargo tiene muchos otros, cuando se usa seguido de un sustantivo &quot;Me mama la pizza&quot; &quot;Le mama Pink Floyd (a él o ella)&quot; significa que algo le gusta mucho al sujeto. Así, la expresión &quot;me mamas, morra&quot; sería una forma muy informal y algo vulgar de decirle a una mujer que te gusta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA. Si tuviera el sentido de felación sería &quot;Me &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mamas, morra&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T19:06:13.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-09T20:36:47.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay más posibilidades ya mencionadas en otras respuestas, me parece que una traducción bastante &quot;literal&quot; sería &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué X?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde X puede ser reemplazado por la grosería favorita de tu comunidad lingüística, de preferencia una muletilla reemplazable por &quot;cosa&quot;, y que evoque alguna actividad, sustancia o condición escatológica o genital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera chilena, la señorita de la foto estaría diciendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué güevá?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T20:36:47.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17960" CreationDate="2016-09-09T21:37:39.007" Score="0" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a book or webpage which has a list of Spanish words and the sound of each word on the list. Can anyone help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13195" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T07:21:47.057" Title="Looking for Spanish material" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-10T15:10:10.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-09T22:29:04.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Uruguayan/Argentinian version would be &quot;qué carajo?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2202" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T22:29:04.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17911" CreationDate="2016-09-09T23:26:02.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;vendría siendo&quot; can be translated as &quot;turns up to be&quot;, &quot;ends up being&quot; or &quot;happens to be&quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la niebla, que vendría siendo el cielo -&gt; the fog, which happens to be the sky.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;venir siendo&quot; is roughly equivalent to &quot;ser&quot;, but adds a touch of indirection and perhaps evocation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T23:26:02.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17959" CreationDate="2016-09-10T01:38:14.663" Score="3" ViewCount="4274" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy revisando unos reportes financieros en inglés y me he encontrado con este texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;USD2,221.0&lt;strong&gt;bn&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que &lt;em&gt;bn&lt;/em&gt; es una abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;billions&lt;/em&gt;, pero al buscar en internet el primero resultado que me aparece es &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.focus-economics.com/country-indicator/united-states/current-account-usd-bn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Current Account in USA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo correcto con la interpretación del significado de que es abreviatura para &lt;strong&gt;billones&lt;/strong&gt;? De ser así, el monto puesto anteriormente es una cifra exageradamente elevada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2664" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T13:13:06.363" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T13:14:35.377" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de &quot;bn&quot; luego de USD?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-17T18:59:01.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17958" CreationDate="2016-09-10T02:58:21.900" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Significa billones: el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telegraph.co.uk/topics/about-us/style-book/1435301/Telegraph-style-book-numbers-measures-and-money.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;manual de estilo del &lt;em&gt;Daily Telegraph&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo, indica que en ese medio se escriba &quot;bn&quot; en los titulares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%C3%B3n#El_bill.C3.B3n_anglosaj.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;billón anglosajón&lt;/a&gt; equivale a mil millones de los que se usan en Europa, por lo que la cifra que citas es bastante más factible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T13:14:35.377" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T13:14:35.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17955" CreationDate="2016-09-10T07:21:47.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are Japanese, as your name implies, you could try searching スペイン語の発音 in Google. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rondely.com/esp/first/pron.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The first result&lt;/a&gt; seems pretty nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T07:21:47.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17962" CreationDate="2016-09-10T10:07:28.513" Score="0" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;A friend of mine is going to travel to Colombia and is afraid that the colombian people might have problems understanding his name. His name is &quot;Henning&quot;, it's a german/european name which pretty much doesn't exist in Colombia. When we talked about this issue, we joked about different nicknames for him that he can use to make it easier for people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wondered, should he try to use a nickname for first encounters?&#xA;He could also tell them that it's a nickname and his real name is Henning. Later he could make his friends get used to his foreign name, but don't make it too difficult from the start :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might be good ways to tell people your name which they've a hard time to understand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13336" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-10T19:53:09.537" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T19:53:09.537" Title="What would be a good way to tell people a foreign name they don't know? Is a nickname a good opportunity?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17961" CreationDate="2016-09-10T11:46:16.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not from Colombia, but from Spain. I can share you my experience with foreign people so you can decide. I think your friend should not worry about his name. I've met some people whose name was difficult for us to pronounce, specially some Chinese people. All of them just introduced themselves with their real names. Then many possibilities may arise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can say the name almost properly. No problem them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have difficulties with the name. We can try to pronounce the name as close as we can, we can substitute the name for a similar name in Spanish, or we can just give that person a nickname.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your friend must not worry about searching for a nickname, we'll give him one. One case I remember, about a Chinese person named something like Hwang or so. We ended calling him Juan, as his real name was pronounced very similar to that Spanish name. From then on, he always introduces himself as Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-10T19:26:45.647" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T19:26:45.647" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17963" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-10T16:58:10.530" Score="1" ViewCount="1070" Body="&lt;p&gt;The United States of America, the USA, the United States, the U.S. are all singular nouns unless in the possessive. Why does the Spanish abbreviation for the U.S., los EE. UU., include the doubled letters if it is a singular noun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13494" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T20:12:23.827" Title="Why is &quot;U.S.&quot; abbreviated as &quot;EE. UU.&quot; if it is singular?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17963" CreationDate="2016-09-10T19:03:08.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not quite sure if I understand the question... In Spanish we say &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt; (both noun and adjective plural), so it's only normal that it is EE. UU.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see more here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/ee-uu-eua-usa-us/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/ee-uu-eua-usa-us/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T19:03:08.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17966" CreationDate="2016-09-10T19:38:59.120" Score="2" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am making a game in Spanish and the first part is asking for a language, I would like to know how I ask &quot;Please select a language.&quot;. I know that one way to say it is &quot;por favor seleccione un idioma.&quot; however I would like to know if I use that ending &quot;e&quot; or if I use the infinitive &quot;selectionar&quot; when asking people questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. Harrison&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13653" LastEditorUserId="13653" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T18:17:17.823" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T18:17:17.823" Title="How to ask someone a question properly with verbs" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17965" CreationDate="2016-09-10T20:10:09.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;DISCLAIMER: The following is suitable for the Spanish spoken in Spain. The answer may vary among other Spanish-speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR.&lt;/strong&gt; Go for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por favor, selecciona un idioma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in most cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite an interesting question. I will give you my opinion as gamer. Of course, if you are unsure you can always go for &lt;em&gt;seleccionar un idioma&lt;/em&gt;, but then the game would be very impersonal. I'd prefer the game to be more friendly, so you have two options, as you already know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selecciona un idioma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seleccione un idioma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you have to think about the target audience of the game. If it's for kids, teenagers, or even young adults or just can be played by people of all ages, go for &lt;em&gt;selecciona un idioma&lt;/em&gt;. I'd go for the polite version if the game is targeted for adults only (maybe a betting game, a sex game, something with a strong adult theme).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have even another option, if the game is a party one and is going to be played by groups: &lt;em&gt;seleccionad un idioma&lt;/em&gt; (party games are light-hearted and so you can use the colloquial version in this case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-10T20:17:56.440" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T20:17:56.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14887" CreationDate="2016-09-10T20:58:33.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al origen, he encontrado que &quot;pro explorato habere&quot; derivó en &quot;tener por cierto que&quot;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.monografias.com/trabajos74/locuciones-latinas-usuales/Locuciones-latinas-usuales6.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Locuciones + Orígenes&lt;/a&gt;. Y ahora me pregunto si &quot;por cierto&quot; es la siguiente derivación o simplemente está a la deriva (de origen incierto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso: &quot;una locución es, en gramática, el grupo estable de dos o más palabras que funciona como una unidad léxica con significado propio, no derivado del literal de las palabras que lo forman&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locuci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;. Lo cual complica teorizar sobre el origen de dicha locución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un problema con &quot;A propósito, viniendo al caso de lo que se dice&quot; como definición de &quot;por cierto&quot; siendo este último también utilizado para cambiar de tema en una conversación como en el ejemplo de esta pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo está tu hija? Por cierto, mi hermana me dio recuerdos para ti&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi es una definición incompleta o negligente que puede dar lugar a la ambiguedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que todo esto haya servido de ayuda, un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T20:58:33.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1229" CreationDate="2016-09-10T21:58:30.030" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quest. Como en la hermosa canción &quot;The man of La Mancha&quot;, referida a Don Quijote, que tiene la preciosa expresión en inglés: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is my quest&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   To follow that star&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   No matter how hopeless&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   No matter how far  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo traduciría como mi &lt;strong&gt;anhelo&lt;/strong&gt;, mi sueño, mi ideal, mi sed, mi norte, mi causa. La canción de Paloma San Basilio usa la palabra &lt;strong&gt;afán&lt;/strong&gt;, en el sentido de misión, propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13654" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-11T15:18:14.203" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T15:18:14.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17941" CreationDate="2016-09-11T04:42:01.247" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Permanent vs. temporary can be a useful shorthand for ser vs. estar, but it's also an oversimplification. According to Cisneros' &quot;Spanish in Three Months&quot;, the various usages of ser vs estar can be broken down as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;identity - &quot;Soy Carmen.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;possession - &quot;El perro es de Juan.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;origin - &quot;Son de Madrid.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nationality - &quot;Somos ingleses.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;occupation - &quot;Es arquitecto.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;material of which a thing is made - &quot;El reloj es de oro.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inherent characteristic - &quot;Es muy alto.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expression of time - &quot;Son las cinco,&quot; &quot;Hoy es lunes.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;impersonal expression - &quot;Es mejor esperar,&quot; &quot;Es difícil aprender.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with past participle, in the passive voice - &quot;El ladrón es apresado por la policía.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;temporary states or conditions - &quot;Pedro está enfermo.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;position/location, temporary or permanent - &quot;Carmen está en el salón.&quot; &quot;Valencia está en España.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with present participle, in continuous tenses - &quot;Están jugando.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with preposition para or por ('to be about to') - &quot;El tren está por llegar.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer the question, occupation is 'ser' because it just is. Personally I found it hard to memorise all these distinctions straight up, but I find that the more I read in Spanish, the more I get a feel for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11942" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T15:08:02.067" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T15:08:02.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17941" CreationDate="2016-09-11T10:37:22.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is about pride too.  For example, I am dropout of architecture, I study languages and work as a waiter.  Depending of who I am talking to I would say one thing of the other, mostly when it is about a job interview it changes a lot.  I almost graduated so I would say that I only studied it and that's it (Estudié arquitectura). I do not think that waiter is what defines me the most so I would not say I am a waiter (Soy camarero) if I am not in an interview for that job.  Well, when I meet new people I like to keep it humble and just say that I study languages to prevent stupid conversations of who should be called linguist, the graduated or the skilful - I have a good IELTS score though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my point is that when you have second thoughts on where to use &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; think about the pride too.  For example, it would be a little misleading if I say that I am an architect (soy arquictecto) cause the correct way would be &quot;Estoy en proceso de ser arquitecto o estoy estudiando para ser arquitecto&quot;. And in the opposite case, I would say that I am working as a waiter and not that I am a waiter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trabajo de camarero (meeting new people)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy camarero (job interview)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is helpful to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T10:37:22.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17971" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17973" CreationDate="2016-09-11T20:02:45.070" Score="3" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Context&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish 1 &amp;amp; 2 I was taught expressions such as &lt;em&gt;tener &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=fr%C3%ADo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;frío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;tener &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=sue%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sueño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Some of the English phrases &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;to be + adj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener + noun&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that many English adjectives ending in &lt;em&gt;-y&lt;/em&gt; that have a nominal complement are used in such expressions: &lt;em&gt;thirsty&lt;/em&gt; (thirst), &lt;em&gt;hungry&lt;/em&gt; (hunger), &lt;em&gt;sleepy&lt;/em&gt; (sleep), &lt;em&gt;happy&lt;/em&gt; (happiness), &lt;em&gt;gloomy&lt;/em&gt;/glum (gloom, sadness) -- with the exception of &lt;em&gt;hurriedness&lt;/em&gt; (hurry).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that Latin does not have a verb meaning &quot;to have,&quot; so I assume that &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; carries with it a meaning slightly different than what an English speaker would expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What extra meaning, if any, does the construction carry by using &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt; (N.B. I know the uses of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and when to use each.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13507" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T06:45:18.043" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T11:16:40.040" Title="What implications does 'tener' carry in expressions of state-of-being?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17963" CreationDate="2016-09-11T20:12:23.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, one doubles the letter of an abbreviation if it refers to more than one object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I reference page 9, I would write &lt;em&gt;p. 9&lt;/em&gt;. But if I were to reference page&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; 9 through 12, I would write &lt;em&gt;pp. 9-12&lt;/em&gt; because there is more than one page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we write &lt;em&gt;los EE.UU.&lt;/em&gt; for the same reason: &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; Estado&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; Unido&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; is plural, so we double the letters in the abbreviation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13507" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T20:12:23.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17971" CreationDate="2016-09-11T21:25:41.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is indeed a question about something that Spanish speakers take for granted without stopping to think why that is so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;tenere&lt;/em&gt;. If you search that verb in a Latin dictionary, the meaning is just &lt;em&gt;sostener, mantener, agarrar&lt;/em&gt; (to hold). In fact, if you search the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZT8sFSB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the DRAE, the first meaning is precisely that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Asir o mantener asido algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the verb has 24 other meanings, and the extra meaning you are seeking is number 12:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;12. tr. experimentar. &lt;em&gt;Tener vergüenza, miedo, hambre, calor, nervios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HIutMRm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;experimentar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; includes the following meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. tr. Notar, echar de ver en uno mismo una cosa, una impresión, un sentimiento, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, if you say &lt;em&gt;tengo hambre&lt;/em&gt;, what you are really saying in Spanish is something like &lt;em&gt;estoy experimentando la sensación de hambre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now another question could be when the verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; got this extra meaning. It seems something relatively recent. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tengo%20fr%C3%ADo%2C%20tengo%20hambre&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctengo%20fr%C3%ADo%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctengo%20hambre%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Searching the expression in Ngram&lt;/a&gt; the matches start in the XVIII or XIX centuries, depending on the search term. Just think that we can also use other expressions such as &lt;em&gt;estoy hambriento&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estoy gélido&lt;/em&gt; that indeed use the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. But I'm sure there are people here that can answer that part much better than me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in English you can also use the verb &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt; to indicate that you are experiencing a feeling: &lt;em&gt;please, have fun!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T04:36:50.263" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T04:36:50.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17975" CreationDate="2016-09-12T05:54:16.377" Score="4" ViewCount="5056" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the Spanish version of &lt;em&gt;not applicable&lt;/em&gt;? I'm mostly concerned if the language has an abbreviation for &lt;em&gt;not applicable&lt;/em&gt; like in English, &quot;n/a.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13494" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:01:42.337" Title="Spanish version of &quot;not applicable&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-09-12T06:36:30.883" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use the direct translation &lt;em&gt;no aplicable&lt;/em&gt;, or the equivalent verbal construction &lt;em&gt;no aplica&lt;/em&gt; (though it should probably be &lt;em&gt;no se aplica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read the dictionary, the third meaning of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3CjZzQU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aplicar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. tr. Referir a un caso particular lo que se ha dicho en general, o a un individuo lo que se ha dicho de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this meaning is good in our case. You have a general characteristic, but you cannot apply it to some particular case, so you write &lt;em&gt;n/a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T10:30:32.140" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:30:32.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17976" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17991" CreationDate="2016-09-12T10:50:42.480" Score="13" ViewCount="107914" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Argentina, y veo que siempre dicen &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ah re&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;justo después de decir una tontería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Harán referencia a montar caballos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13659" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T11:32:29.903" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T08:55:46.847" Title="Significado de &quot;ah re&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:16:19.873" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is &lt;strong&gt;no procede&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T12:16:19.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1229" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:39:30.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find a word in Spanish with the same sense of adventure. Nonetheless, a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quest&lt;/a&gt;&quot; also means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a long and difficult effort to find or do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A word in Spanish with a similar meaning is &lt;strong&gt;empresa&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EsuT8Fg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;empresa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción o tarea que entraña dificultad y cuya ejecución requiere decisión y esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In almost most of the cases, the word &lt;em&gt;empresa&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;company&quot;, &quot;business&quot;, &quot;enterprise&quot;. But it can also reflect a long, difficult task in general. An example taken from &lt;em&gt;Don Quixote&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por una parte, me acosa y fatiga el deseo de ver a mi señora; por otra, me incita y llama la prometida fe, y la gloria que he de alcanzar en esta empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;On the one hand the desire to see my lady pursues and harasses me, on the other my solemn promise and the glory I shall win in this enterprise urge and call me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translator chose &quot;enterprise&quot; for the translation, but maybe nowadays it could have been &quot;quest&quot; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T12:39:30.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17980" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17988" CreationDate="2016-09-12T13:56:41.250" Score="0" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase me es algo confusa, porque parece que la persona que lo dice se excluye de ser &quot;perra&quot; pero por otro lado puede entenderse como que se está llamando a sí misma como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien podría explicarme la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13409" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T14:34:47.187" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T15:24:18.977" Title="&quot;¡No todas somos perras!&quot;" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17980" CreationDate="2016-09-12T15:16:03.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es claramente una respuesta negativa a una asunción / suposición / acusación (explícita o implícita) de que el colectivo al que pertenece la persona que lo dice &quot;¡Son todas perras!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extraído de un chat sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.postubo.com/foro/t/amor-y-sexualidad/amor-y-pareja/los-errores-mas-comunes-de-los-hombres-y-como-solucionarlos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;los errores más comunes de los hombres y como solucionarlos&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;leo q muchos hoombres cometen ese “detalle” al escribir…chicos…no todas somos perras…ni hijas de puta…hay de todo en el camino del señor…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T21:20:42.377" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T21:20:42.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17175" CreationDate="2016-09-12T16:27:41.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general se refiere a felicitar a una persona por un acto o porque haya recibido una recompensa justa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, se diría: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felicitaciones a fulano or tal o cual acto o cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me baso en una versión española de las definiciones en inglés halladas en el Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Eleventh Edition página6 93.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13661" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T18:30:19.847" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T18:30:19.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-12T20:30:49.183" Score="1" ViewCount="478" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between el &quot;examen fue largo&quot; and &quot;el examen estuvo largo&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13662" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T06:34:18.987" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T06:34:18.987" Title="What is the difference between &quot;el examen fue largo&quot; and &quot;el examen estuvo largo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17941" CreationDate="2016-09-13T04:28:49.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A useful mnemonic (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100040/ser-vs.-estar#.V9d_SNQrL-s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;ser&quot;, remember DOCTOR, which stands for Description, Occupation, Characteristic, Time, Origin, and Relationship. This also helps one remember the &quot;occupation&quot; part in particular, because &quot;doctor&quot; is an occupation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;estar&quot;, remember PLACE, which stands for Position, Location, Action, Condition, and Emotion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this doesn't help one understand &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt; it's that way, but it can help one remember the respective usages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13665" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T04:28:49.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17986" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17990" CreationDate="2016-09-13T07:22:18.687" Score="2" ViewCount="16826" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HHYt1GA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;expandible&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que se puede expandir. &lt;em&gt;Un material expandible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HHePJTY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;expansible&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Fís. Susceptible de expansión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HHfIaVu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;expansión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la &quot;acción y efecto de expandir o expandirse&quot;, ¿existe alguna sutil diferencia entre ambos términos, o son simplemente intercambiables? Por la definición parece que algo es &quot;expandible&quot; cuando se puede expandir, pero no lo hará si no es necesario, y algo es &quot;expansible&quot; cuando su tendencia natural es a expandirse si nada lo impide. ¿Es eso así? Al consultar el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt; me encuentro con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5gagNwr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;-ble&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma adjetivos casi siempre deverbales. Indica posibilidad pasiva, es decir, capacidad o aptitud para recibir la acción del verbo. [...] Los derivados de verbos intransitivos o de sustantivos suelen tener valor activo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el sufijo indica posibilidad (pasiva o activa), pero que tenga la posibilidad de expandirse no implica que lo vaya a hacer. ¿Luego la única diferencia entre ambas palabras es que &quot;expandible&quot; indica posibilidad pasiva (al provenir de un verbo transitivo) y &quot;expansible&quot; indica posibilidad activa (al provenir de un sustantivo)? ¿Y qué diferencia hay entre ambos tipos de posibilidad, pues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T08:03:47.123" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T18:50:46.867" Title="¿Hay alguna diferencia entre &quot;expandible&quot; y &quot;expansible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17983" CreationDate="2016-09-13T12:47:20.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish from Spain the former one is used, while the American Spanish uses the second one. There is no difference but the localization, but &lt;em&gt;el examen estuvo largo&lt;/em&gt; sounds weird in Spain, as here &lt;em&gt;largo&lt;/em&gt; is a quality, not a state. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6909" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T15:39:37.367" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T15:39:37.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17980" CreationDate="2016-09-13T15:24:18.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, así como está, sin más contexto, la persona que lo dice no está implicando sobre sí misma si es o no &lt;em&gt;perra&lt;/em&gt;. Una alternativa para resolver esa ambigüedad podría venir en una oración siguiente que diera más contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No todas somos &lt;em&gt;perras&lt;/em&gt;. Juanita es una gata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quien habla podría emitir la frase sin intención de excluirse a sí misma de la generalización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No todas somos &lt;em&gt;perras&lt;/em&gt;. Al menos yo no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, la exclusión queda más explícita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el juicio positivo de uno mismo es suceptible de error (y hasta puede ser síntoma de alguna &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcisismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;patología sicológica&lt;/a&gt;), en algunos lugares/contextos culturales es mal visto. Una estrategia para evitarlo es usar este tipo de ambigüedades, dejando al interlocutor la libertad de juzgar. Dada la connotación negativa del adjetivo usado (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;perra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) y la referencia a una generalización previa (explícita o implícita), tiendo a pensar que esto es efectivamente lo que sucede en el caso citado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En pocas palabras, &lt;em&gt;pareciera que quien habla quiso excluirse sin sonar narcisista&lt;/em&gt;, pero no se puede descartar algo distinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T15:24:18.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17983" CreationDate="2016-09-13T16:56:43.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El examen &lt;strong&gt;estuvo&lt;/strong&gt; largo&quot; is a colloquial way of saying &quot;el examen fue largo&quot; in some Latin American regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct way is &quot;el examen &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; largo&quot;, but both are accepted.&#xA;In those regions, &quot;estuvo&quot; is used just like &quot;it was&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T20:52:41.537" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T20:52:41.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17986" CreationDate="2016-09-13T17:02:27.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;expandir&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Del lat. expandere , extender &amp;lt; pandere , desplegar.)  1 v. tr. y&#xA;  prnl.  Extender, hacer que una cosa ocupe más espacio.    SINÓNIMO:&#xA;  dilatar  2 Hacer que una cosa llegue a más lugares o personas .&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  EJEMPLO: el rumor se expandió rápidamente por toda la ciudad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  SINÓNIMO: difundir, propagar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;expansible&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj.  FÍSICA  Que se puede expandir o extender. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionarios.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.diccionarios.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Serían equivalentes aunque difiere su ámbito para la aplicación. &quot;Expansible&quot; tiene un uso más técnico que &quot;expandible&quot;, cuya utilización es más, por decirlo de alguna manera, cotidiana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastEditorUserId="13669" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T18:50:46.867" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T18:50:46.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17976" CreationDate="2016-09-13T17:06:14.587" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina usamos &quot;ah re&quot; como una expresión que da a entender que uno dijo una tontería, una exageración o algo que no debe ser tomado con seriedad o en sentido literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El otro día hice un gol como el de Maradona a los ingleses pero dos&#xA;  veces mejor. Ah re.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ah re que ahora con esas zapatillas saltás y salís al espacio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que se entienda un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-23T15:09:04.180" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T15:09:04.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-13T17:41:50.120" Score="6" ViewCount="16671" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué los maestros siempre preguntan estas dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienen alguna pregunta o duda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi conocimiento me dice que son lo mismo pero si así fuera no preguntarían las dos cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13670" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T18:04:24.447" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T18:04:24.447" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;duda&quot; y &quot;pregunta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17992" CreationDate="2016-09-13T17:47:25.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inflexiones de 'pregunta' (n): fpl: preguntas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del verbo preguntar: (conjugar) pregunta es: 3ª persona singular&#xA;  (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo 2ª persona singular (tú)&#xA;  imperativo preguntá es: 2ª persona singular (vos) imperativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española © 2005 Espasa-Calpe: pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. Petición o demanda de información,interrogación: no tengo respuesta&#xA;  a tus preguntas. Cada uno de los puntos de un examen o cuestionario:&#xA;  he dejado en blanco la sexta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española © 2005 Espasa-Calpe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inflexiones de 'duda' (n): fpl: dudas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del verbo dudar: (conjugar) duda es: 3ª persona singular&#xA;  (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo 2ª persona singular (tú)&#xA;  imperativo dudá es: 2ª persona singular (vos) imperativo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española © 2005 Espasa-Calpe: duda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. Vacilación e indecisión ante varias posibilidades: tengo dudas&#xA;  sobre si ir o quedarme. Sospecha: existen serias dudas sobre su&#xA;  implicación en la desaparición del dinero. Cuestión que se propone con&#xA;  ánimo de solucionarla o resolverla: expuso sus dudas. sin duda loc.&#xA;  adv. Ciertamente: sin duda, este camino es más seguro que aquel otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española © 2005 Espasa-Calpe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la duda es lo que uno &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; y la pregunta es lo que uno &lt;strong&gt;hace&lt;/strong&gt; para disipar esa duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión correcta debiera ser: &lt;em&gt;si tienen alguna duda, pregunten&lt;/em&gt; o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T17:47:25.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17976" CreationDate="2016-09-13T21:54:58.830" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se usa por la gente joven (adolescentes) en el ambiente informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;ah re&lt;/em&gt; se puede entender como la afirmación de que uno dijo una tontería. Se usa por ejemplo en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora sale volando, ah re jaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente es como para que la gente se ría. También:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;re&lt;/em&gt; en los contextos anteriores es una acortación de &lt;em&gt;Ah, re boludo&lt;/em&gt; (Boludo signfica &lt;code&gt;tonto&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;estúpido&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;payaso&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;code&gt;Re&lt;/code&gt; es similar a &lt;code&gt;muy&lt;/code&gt;, como por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;uh, está re loco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;está volando re alto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden ver diversas maneras de escribirlo: &lt;em&gt;ahre, arre, are&lt;/em&gt;. La manera normal es &lt;em&gt;ah re&lt;/em&gt; (para cuando está al final de una oración).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa al inicio de una oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pepe me dijo que fue a un recital y estabas vos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Ah, re que lo que dijo es mentira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Me encantan mis flores amarillas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Ah, re que tus flores ni son amarillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero en este contexto no significa que es algo tonto, sino que es como uno potencia la afirmación de que lo que está a continuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6995" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-10-29T15:40:30.123" LastActivityDate="2019-10-29T15:40:30.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17996" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-13T22:09:35.980" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que sería &lt;code&gt;General Sarmiento National University&lt;/code&gt; porque la universidad no está en General Sarmiento (se dividió hace años y se formaron distintos distritos). &lt;code&gt;National University of General Sarmiento&lt;/code&gt; me suena raro, me incomoda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6995" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T23:36:59.140" Title="¿Cómo traducirían al inglés &quot;Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-31T22:16:24.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17996" CreationDate="2016-09-13T23:36:59.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes razón.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;National University of General Sarmiento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...sería lo mejor dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también se podría referirla como pusiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;General Sarmiento National University. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues, ambos dichos son buenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T23:36:59.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17983" CreationDate="2016-09-14T02:58:53.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This really boils down to the difference in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ser vs Estar&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fue largo&lt;/strong&gt; el examen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just means... &lt;em&gt;it was a long test&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estuvo largo&lt;/strong&gt; el examen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means you're telling a story involving this long test. Consider these English differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Ser&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How was the test? It was a long test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Estar&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday, I had to pick up my little sister after taking a test.  It was a long test, and I was constantly distracted by the pretty teacher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first example is very passive, while the second example really emphasizes the length of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer assistía a mi clase y me sorprendió que hubo un examen.  Estuvo un examen largo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It can also mean that the test was unusually long&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T02:58:53.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17999" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18000" CreationDate="2016-09-14T10:09:06.347" Score="4" ViewCount="5132" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español parece haber una cantidad considerable de términos con los que aludir a personas cuyo nombre se desconoce. Algunos ya han salido en otras preguntas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/692/12637&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3118/12637&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;), como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IZm0LQU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fulano&lt;/a&gt; (proveniente del árabe).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Othxah5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mengano&lt;/a&gt; (proveniente tal vez del árabe).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cZGeuK3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zutano&lt;/a&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9MLEXg6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;citano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y éste del latín).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SZbN0e5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perengano&lt;/a&gt; (posiblemente cruce de Pérez y mengano).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me preguntaba: ¿existen aun más términos similares recogidos en el diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T23:08:34.650" Title="Términos para aludir a alguien cuyo nombre se desconoce" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17999" CreationDate="2016-09-14T10:09:06.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando mediante el DIRAE me he encontrado con los siguientes términos (gracias a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/6915/rodrigo&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1701/alexbcn&quot;&gt;AlexBcn&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12621/rafael&quot;&gt;Rafael&lt;/a&gt; por los añadidos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8ypN4yI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chorbo, ba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=90MMeJQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chorvo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Esp. Persona cuyo nombre y condición se ignoran o no se quieren decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Sujeto despreciable y de poco valer, cuyo nombre se ignora o se quiere omitir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GYc56eY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esperancejo, ja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Cuba. fulano (‖ para aludir a alguien cuyo nombre se ignora o no se quiere expresar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LQCSlDx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;individuo, dua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;individuus&lt;/em&gt; 'indivisible'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona cuyo nombre y condición se ignoran o no se quieren decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QXiM8Ka&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De las iniciales del lat. &lt;em&gt;nomen nescio&lt;/em&gt; 'desconozco el nombre'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Bol., Chile y Perú. Persona desconocida de la que no se tiene ningún dato.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QdrVoo1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nota&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;nota&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. individuo (‖ hombre cuyo nombre se ignora).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SjUIL8Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;persona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;persōna&lt;/em&gt; 'máscara de actor', 'personaje teatral', 'personalidad', 'persona', este del etrusco &lt;em&gt;φersu&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;πρόσωπον prósōpon&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hombre o mujer cuyo nombre se ignora o se omite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpMRRiS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quídam&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;quidam&lt;/em&gt; 'uno, alguno'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Sujeto a quien se designa indeterminadamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WXstRv8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;robiñano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. p. us. Nombre que se da a una persona cuyo nombre se ignora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YgC4A98&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sujeto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;subiectus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;subiicĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'poner debajo', 'someter'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona cuyo nombre se ignora o no se quiere decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoWtFfy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tío, a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;thius&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;θεῖος theîos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona cuyo nombre y condición se ignoran o no se quieren decir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZpMjpMC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tipo, pa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;typus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;τύπος týpos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. persona (‖ individuo). U. t. en sent. despect., generalmente para referirse a una persona cuyo nombre se ignora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T13:45:10.753" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-09-14T15:04:18.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As abbreviation sometimes you can see &quot;&lt;strong&gt;N/A&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;No Aplica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a word, it can be used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inaplicable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which literally means &quot;Not applicable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13292" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T10:31:13.490" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:31:13.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-09-14T15:23:05.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un contexto más informal (y al margen de la categorización por edades), yo prefiero traducir &lt;em&gt;toddlers&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;retoños&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;críos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proz.com/?sp=gloss/term&amp;amp;id=829961&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;indica proz.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One translation of the English term toddler in Spanish is &lt;strong&gt;chiquillo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;crío&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;párvulo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11922" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T07:06:29.363" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:06:29.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2016-09-14T19:52:12.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Magister Scientiarum&lt;/em&gt; es una Maestría normal, nada más. Es el término en latín para designar ese nivel de estudios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es un Doctorado o PhD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano y en Lat Am se suele usar MBA (Master in Bussines Administration) para referirse a todas las Maestrías, lo cual es un error, una Maestria en Ciencias tiende a ser específica en la materia que enseñó en grado de Maestro. Por ejemplo, Magister Scientiarum en Administración sería el equivalente de MBA en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13677" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T07:08:02.277" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:08:02.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18006" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18025" CreationDate="2016-09-14T20:37:08.690" Score="1" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda: ¿Se puede considerar la frase en negrita como una oración condicional? (= si nos enamoramos, enamorémonos de una persona de buen corazón) ¿O es una oración (exclamativa) independiente en que se expresa deseo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Puestos a amar, &lt;strong&gt;que sea a una persona de buen corazón&lt;/strong&gt;!* &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T08:52:02.197" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T13:40:56.793" Title="¿Se puede considerar que &quot;que sea a una persona de buen corazón&quot; es una oración condicional?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17999" CreationDate="2016-09-14T23:08:34.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los invito a agregar aquí libremente los &lt;strong&gt;regionalismos&lt;/strong&gt; con que aludimos a otras personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Güevón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compadre/comadre (a veces significa &quot;amigo&quot;, pero generalmente significa &quot;una persona&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gallo (El femenino es &lt;em&gt;galla&lt;/em&gt;. P.ej. &lt;em&gt;Vino una galla a vender ropa.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loco &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mina (también se usa el masculino &lt;em&gt;mino&lt;/em&gt; pero es menos frecuente).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T23:08:34.650" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-09-14T23:08:34.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-14T23:49:32.740" Score="0" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working with diptongos, we were told that two strong vowels or a strong with an accented weak vowel were the only ways we separated the word into syllables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&#xA;the word &quot;cuál&quot; is not separated because the weak &quot;u&quot; and the accented &quot;a&quot; prevent a separation&#xA;whereas the word &#xA;&quot;quién&quot; can apparently be separated as &quot;qui|én&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this even though 'i' is a weak vowel and 'é' is a strong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13561" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T04:30:58.123" Title="Is there always a syllable break with the letters &quot;ié&quot; in any word?" Tags="&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18011" CreationDate="2016-09-15T03:05:10.370" Score="6" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, my question repeated in Spanish:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Primero, mi pregunta repetido en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;tirada&quot; y &quot;difusión&quot;? ¿Se puede usar &quot;circulación&quot; o &quot;distribución&quot; como sinónimo de alguna de ellas?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to translate some articles on newspapers and one of the things I've noticed is that the English word &quot;circulation&quot; seems to be getting translated as &quot;difusión.&quot;  So, I did some research and stumbled upon the following over at WordReference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070201033632AApAZmz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qué es difusion, tirada y audiencia en los medios de comunicación?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading the information on that page, I got to thinking about how news is issued today and how so many are just as likely to read it online as they are to actually buy a newspaper.  I then got to thinking that perhaps this word -- difusión -- is the word used to refer to newspaper circulation in general.  Not entirely convinced and not wanting to rely solely on a discussion thread at WordReference, I went to the DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(Diccionario de la Real Academia Española)&lt;/a&gt; and discovered that its entry &quot;difusión&quot; made no reference to newspaper circulation at all.  In fact, below is the definition I found listed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.f.  Acción y efecto de difundir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.f.  Extensión, dilatación viciosa en lo hablado o escrito.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source: Real Academia Española's entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DkYpJmy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;difusión&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first means &quot;action and effect of spreading&quot; and the second means something like &quot;extended, vicious expansion in speaking or writing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this has left me with some degree of uncertainty regarding what might be the best word to use for &quot;circulation.&quot;  So, if you have any insight on this, especially if you've worked in the publishing industry or have access to a glossary or dictionary that has good translations of publishing terminology, I'd love to know your thoughts on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado tratando de traducir unos artículos en periódicos y una de las cosas que he notado es que la palabra inglesa &quot;circulation&quot; parece estar traduciéndose como &quot;difusión.&quot;  Entonces, investigué un poco y tropecé con lo siguiente en WordReference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070201033632AApAZmz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qué es difusion, tirada y audiencia en los medios de comunicación?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de leer la información en esta página, empecé a pensar en la manera en que las noticias están publicadas hoy en día descubriendo que la mayoría de los periódicos se pueden leer en internet lo cual provoca que la gente no esté dispuesta a comprarlos.  Entonces, empecé a pensar que la palabra -- difusión -- es la palabra usada para referirse a la circulación (?) de un periódico en general.  No completamente convencida, al no confiar solamente en un hilo de discusión en WordReference, fui al DRAE y descubrí que su entrada para &quot;difusión&quot; no hizo ninguna referencia en absoluto a la circulación (?) de un periódico.  De hecho, abajo está la entrada que encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.f.  Acción y efecto de difundir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.f.  Extensión, dilatación viciosa en lo hablado or escrito.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto me ha dejado con cierto grado de incertidumbre sobre cuál es la mejor palabra para usar &quot;circulation&quot;.  Por lo tanto, si sabes algo sobre este asunto, especialmente si has trabajado en alguna editorial o tienes acceso a algún glosario o diccionario que tenga buenas traducciones de terminología editorial, me encantaría saber sus conocimientos en éste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my first attempt to try to write my question in both English and Spanish, so if you see a mistake (in either language), please let me know.  &lt;em&gt;(Though I am a native speaker of English, I have found that I discover new things about my own language all the time.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One final note: I realize the WordReference discussion thread goes into some depth about this topic, but, unless I missed it, nobody who took the time to post a definition bothers to cite any sources.  So, for those who are able to answer this, if you can cite some sources in your answer, that would be even better.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota final: Me doy cuenta de que el hilo de discusión en WordReference contempla en cierto grado de profundidad este tema, pero, a menos que me lo perdiera, nadie de los que tomaron su tiempo para contestar citó fuentes.  Por lo tanto, para aquellos que puedan contestar éste, si puede citar unos fuentes en su respuesta, sería aún mejor.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you need a visual of what it is I'm talking about, here are some images of the infoboxes of some articles that have already been translated into Spanish.  Perhaps after seeing it, you'll understand better why I've been confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/3ad1ZPR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T00:42:00.117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T00:42:00.117" Title="What is the difference between &quot;tirada&quot; and &quot;difusión&quot; and can you use &quot;circulación&quot; or &quot;distribución&quot; for either or both?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18008" CreationDate="2016-09-15T04:30:58.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quién&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;) is a monosyllabic word (thus not separable). The accent responds to a case of &lt;em&gt;tilde diacrítica&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. distinguishing between two words that are written the same (&lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt;), but one of them is stressed (&lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt;) while the other one is not (&lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;). But the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; does not have anything to do with syllable division whatsoever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T04:30:58.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18009" CreationDate="2016-09-15T07:13:08.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haces bien en desconfiar. La palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspaper_circulation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;circulation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa, según la Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] the number of copies it distributes on an average day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia página advierte de lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called &lt;strong&gt;paid circulation&lt;/strong&gt;, since some newspapers are distributed without cost to the reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más aún:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy of the newspaper is read by more than one person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduce esto al español? Pues volviendo a la Wikipedia pero esta vez en español, tenemos la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirada_(impresi%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tirada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] juego de piezas idénticas procedentes de la misma lámina, piedra, plantilla u otra superficie. [...] La tirada de una revista o periódico es el número de ejemplares del mismo que salen a la venta, se le denomina además &lt;strong&gt;tiraje&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;circulación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego ahí tienes tu respuesta. La &quot;tirada&quot; de un periódico es el número de ejemplares que salen a la venta (que no quiere decir que se vendan al final), corresponde con el &quot;circulation&quot; inglés, y se denomina también &quot;circulación&quot;. La &quot;difusión&quot; hace referencia al número de personas que finalmente acaban leyendo el periódico. Este número son siempre estimaciones: se estima el número de personas que acaba leyendo cada ejemplar vendido (o puesto en circulación en el caso de periódicos gratuitos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo del periódico de pago &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Raz%C3%B3n_(Espa%C3%B1a)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La Razón&lt;/a&gt;: tirada (o circulación) de 41671 ejemplares diarios de media, y difusión de 49481 lectores diarios de media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo del periódico gratuito &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/20_minutos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;20 Minutos&lt;/a&gt;: tirada de 297800 unidades al día, difusión de 1040000 lectores al día. Al ser gratuito y tener la cultura de ser reaprovechable (la gente lo deja en sitios donde otros puedan leerlo, en vez de tirarlo a la papelera), cada ejemplar es leído por mucha más gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:13:08.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18021" CreationDate="2016-09-15T08:17:24.810" Score="1" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me cuesta recordar que en inglés se dice &lt;em&gt;appropriate&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; tras la &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;) y tiendo a escribir &lt;s&gt;appropiate&lt;/s&gt; (sin &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;) por su semejanza con la palabra castellano &lt;em&gt;apropiado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=appropriate&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etimología de la palabra inglesa&lt;/a&gt; y luego en el DRAE veo que ambas tienen la misma raíz: la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;approp&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;iāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; tiene la siguiente información en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;apropiar&lt;/em&gt; del diccionario de 1780:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v. a. Hacer propia de alguno qualquier cosa. &lt;strong&gt;Aunque en lo antiguo se dixo APROPRIAR, modernamente se ha omitido con uso comun y constante la segunda R por la suavidad de la pronunciacion&lt;/strong&gt;. Rem alicui adjudicare, adscribere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta surge automáticamente: ¿por qué la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; cayó en el olvido? ¿qué tan común es dejar caer una letra por &quot;suavidad de la pronunciación&quot; cuando el castellano no se caracteriza precisamente por ser un idioma &quot;suave&quot;? (si dudáis, decid en voz alta las &lt;em&gt;ratas tejen jamones&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T06:13:51.487" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;apropiar&quot; (sin r) y no &quot;apropriar&quot; si viene del latín &quot;appropriāre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18022" CreationDate="2016-09-15T08:59:57.180" Score="2" ViewCount="5276" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente en la pregunta de meta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2498/necesitamos-una-pregunta-can%C3%B3nica-sobre-ser-estar&quot;&gt;Necesitamos una pregunta canónica sobre ser/estar&lt;/a&gt; he usado la palabra &amp;quot;recurrente&amp;quot; para decir que las preguntas sobre este tema son algo recurrente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VXdBgGD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recurrente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del ant. part. act. de &lt;em&gt;recurrir&lt;/em&gt;; lat. &lt;em&gt;recurrens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que recurre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que vuelve a ocurrir o a aparecer, especialmente después de un intervalo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, estuve a punto de usar &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot;. Por mi condición de informático, tiendo a pensar en &lt;em&gt;recursivo&lt;/em&gt; como algo que se llama a sí mismo (por aquello del código recursivo). Así que pensé que me iba a equivocar de adjetivo y puse &amp;quot;recurrente&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, veo en la definición de &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VXkDTwd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recursivo, va&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;recursus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;recurrĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'recurrir', e &lt;em&gt;-ivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Sujeto a reglas o pautas recurrentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de que ambas palabras tienen la misma raíz, esta primera acepción de &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; me deja más dudas que claros. Si fuesen equivalentes, en el diccionario aparecería una acepción tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;recurrente&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ que vuelve a ocurrir o aparecer).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunto: &lt;strong&gt;¿se puede usar &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; para expresar lo mismo que &amp;quot;recurrente&amp;quot; en el sentido de algo que se repite cada cierto tiempo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como añadido, en el mapa de diccionarios no aparece la voz &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot;, por lo que debe de ser reciente, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=recurrente%2Crecursivo&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Crecurrente%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Crecursivo%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Brecursivo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BRecursivo%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Ngram&lt;/a&gt; las apariciones de &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; son muy escasas en comparación con las de &amp;quot;recurrente&amp;quot;. Las pocas veces que aparece son en textos científicos o en frases como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nuevo ministro [...] era sujeto de mucho empuje, muy &lt;strong&gt;recursivo&lt;/strong&gt; y muy progresista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Harry Fltzgerald, un viejo irlandés, veterano y &lt;strong&gt;recursivo&lt;/strong&gt;, cuya cascada voz...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, parece que &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; tiene un significado aplicado a personas, que sería algo así como &amp;quot;provisto de recursos&amp;quot;, y que no aparece recogido en el DRAE. En Ngram también he visto que la primera aparición de la palabra es sobre principios del siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T08:16:04.687" Title="¿Se puede usar &quot;recursivo&quot; en lugar de &quot;recurrente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18012" CreationDate="2016-09-15T09:32:37.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como te comentaba, los andaluces somos expertos en dejar caer letras para darle más suavidad al idioma. De hecho, los franceses son aún más expertos, en francés se omiten multitud de sonidos en la pronunciación (aunque se sigan escribiendo) y así consiguen una pronunciación más fluida. Aquí es común dejar de pronunciar, por ejemplo, las &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; de los participios, o incluso reordenar las letras de una palabra si así la pronunciación es menos trabalenguas (acuérdate de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q6o8WZ8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;murciélago&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en vez de &quot;murciégalo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;apropiar&lt;/em&gt;, es curioso que el texto que mencionas diga &quot;en lo antiguo&quot;, cuando en realidad lo antiguo no se refería a hacía mucho tiempo. Me llamó la atención la frase en latín y la busqué, y encontré una referencia al &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=OpKO92-CtLkC&amp;amp;pg=PA359&amp;amp;lpg=PA359&amp;amp;dq=Rem%20alicui%20adjudicare,%20adscribere.&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=EFT8g8T6bd&amp;amp;sig=PDdEVJMKgqZ4mQ6RwJx92qw3cq8&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi-1uX6gpHPAhWFAxoKHfL4AyIQ6AEIJjAD#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Rem%20alicui%20adjudicare%2C%20adscribere.&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE de 1726&lt;/a&gt;, que se puede consultar en Google Books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;APROPRIAR. v.a. Destinar, señalar, assignar como própria y perteneciente à alguno una cosa como hacienda, bienes, heréncia &amp;amp;c. lo que en lo forense se llama adjudicar. Este verbo es compuesto de la partícula A y de la palabra Próprio por lo qual y atendiendo à su origen se debe escribir con la r despues de la segunda p, diciendo Apropriar, y no Apropiar, como de ordinario se halla en muchos libros impressos por falta de cúria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sólo dice que se debe escribir con la segunda &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, sino que además achaca falta de cuidado a los que no lo hacen. Se ve que unos cuantos años más adelante dieron marcha atrás y aceptaron la palabra sin dicha &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;. Y por supuesto, cuando eliminaron la segunda &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;proprio&lt;/em&gt; lo hicieron con todos sus derivados: &lt;em&gt;apropiar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;apropiado&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, en italiano se ha mantenido la segunda &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dizionario-italiano.it/dizionario-italiano.php?parola=proprio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pròprio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;che appartiene o è relativo a una persona o cosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-05-31T06:13:51.487" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T06:13:51.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18013" CreationDate="2016-09-15T11:11:17.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo como español lo entiendo pero considero que podrías emplear otra palabra que considero más simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repetitivo,va&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si intentas emplear palabras quizás más cultas que otras más simples por alguna razón pero en principio en la mayoría de contextos puedes utilizar &quot;recursivo&quot; para expresar los mismo que &quot;recurrente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T08:16:04.687" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T08:16:04.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18020" CreationDate="2016-09-15T12:00:24.020" Score="3" ViewCount="32256" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cotilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿y qué significa la siguiente frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser un cotilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un significado, pero no sé si es el correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cotilla: Que se entromete en asuntos ajenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13659" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T21:24:26.590" Title="¿Qué es &quot;ser un cotilla&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-09-15T12:01:42.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possibility may be &lt;strong&gt;no corresponde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AyxqUHu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;corresponder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De co- y responder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de un elemento de un conjunto, colección, serie o sistema: Tener relación, realmente existente o convencionalmente establecida, con un elemento de otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: when asking &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Está usted embarazada?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, an answer may be &quot;&lt;em&gt;No corresponde&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, implying that &quot;&lt;em&gt;si es usted hombre no le corresponde responderla&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:01:42.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18017" CreationDate="2016-09-15T12:27:03.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B8woJee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona amiga de chismes y cuentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser masculino o femenino, tiene caracter coloquial y también puede usarse como adjetivo. Tiene una evidente conexión etimológica con el verbo &lt;em&gt;cotillear&lt;/em&gt;, que el diccionario señala como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;chismorrear&lt;/em&gt;. Este último, a su vez, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8tjubls&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;se define así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de varias personas: Contarse chismes mutuamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de un verbo intransitivo (sin complemento directo: no se cotillea &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;acerca de algo&lt;/em&gt;) y también de índole informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:27:03.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18012" CreationDate="2016-09-15T13:07:38.597" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de un cambio fonético llamado &lt;em&gt;disimilación&lt;/em&gt; que consiste en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DvIWbMq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;disimilar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. &lt;em&gt;Fon.&lt;/em&gt; Alterar la articulación de un sonido del habla diferenciándolo de otro igual o semejante, ya estén ambos contiguos o cercanos. &lt;em&gt;U. m. c. intr. y c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un cambio muy común, tanto en latín (que heredamos) como en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en latín las terminaciones &lt;code&gt;-al&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;-alis&lt;/code&gt;, por disimilación cambiaron a &lt;code&gt;-ar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;-aris&lt;/code&gt; si la palabra ya tenía &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt;. Así tenemos &lt;code&gt;municipal&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;meridional&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;jovial&lt;/code&gt;, pero &lt;code&gt;militar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;auxiliar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;biliar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;ocular&lt;/code&gt;. (Hablando de &lt;code&gt;meridional&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;meridies&lt;/em&gt; (mediodía) es una alteración por disimilación de &lt;em&gt;*medidies&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos son &lt;code&gt;plegaria&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;em&gt;precaria&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hermoso&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;em&gt;formoso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;coronel&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;em&gt;colonel&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;alma&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;em&gt;anima&lt;/em&gt; (diferenciar las dos nasales)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T13:14:00.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18013" CreationDate="2016-09-15T13:51:46.893" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;code&gt;recursivo&lt;/code&gt; aplicado a personas o lugares es un colombianismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academiacolombianadelalengua.co/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/BREVE-DICCIONARIO-PDF-FINAL-JUNIO-7-DE-20131.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recursivo, a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;adj. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una persona,&#xA;que se le ocurren ideas para salir airosa en&#xA;cualquier situación.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Dicho de un lugar o sector de la ciudad, que tiene establecimientos  comerciales,  colegios,  facilidades de transporte. &lt;em&gt;El centro es muy recursivo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Breve Diccionario de Colombianismos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra definición es la técnica, la que se refiere a ciertos procesos o funciones dentro de disciplinas específicas, y que, en mi opinión, el DRAE trató de generalizar, no muy felizmente, con esa críptica primera definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contraste, el &lt;em&gt;Larousse&lt;/em&gt; no se aventura a insinuar que la palabra tiene uso general fuera de estas disciplinas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionarios.com/detalle.php?palabra=recursivo&amp;amp;dicc_100=on&amp;amp;Buscar.x=63&amp;amp;Buscar.y=22&amp;amp;dicc_100=on&amp;amp;dicc_52=on&amp;amp;dicc_95=on&amp;amp;dicc_58=on&amp;amp;dicc_94=on&amp;amp;dicc_96=on&amp;amp;palabra2=&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recursivo, a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt;  LINGÜÍSTICA  Se refiere al elemento lingüístico susceptible de ser incluido como constituyente de un elemento de la misma naturaleza un número indefinido de veces, en la gramática generativa.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; INFORMÁTICA  Se aplica al programa organizado de modo que puede llamarse a sí mismo en el curso de su desarrollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;© Larousse Editorial, 2016&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Como agregado, no figura en estos diccionarios, pero creo que en matemática se dice cada vez más &lt;em&gt;función recursiva&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;función recurrente&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo lo anterior, a la pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿se puede usar &amp;quot;recursivo&amp;quot; para expresar lo mismo que &amp;quot;recurrente&amp;quot; en el sentido de algo que se repite cada cierto tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;debe responderse que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;. El significado de “recursivo”, o no tiene nada que ver con repeticiones (el colombianismo), o se usa de manera especializada dentro de ciertas disciplinas. No es un sinónimo de “recurrente”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T13:51:46.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="418" CreationDate="2016-09-15T20:53:21.033" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respecto de lectura ORDINAL de números Romanos, de acuerdo hasta el Decimo. A partir de ahí se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1º primero / 2º segundo / 3º tercero / 4º cuarto / 5º quinto / 6º sexto&#xA;7º séptimo / 8º octavo / 9º noveno / 10º décimo / 11º undécimo / 12º duodécimo &#xA;13º decimotercero / 14º decimocuarto / 15º decimoquinto 16º decimosexto&#xA;17º decimoséptimo / 18º decimoctavo / 19º decimonoveno / 20º vigésimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extraído de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cursosinea.conevyt.org.mx/cursos/comercio/libro1/parte1/unidad1/tema4/tema_1_4_31.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Números ordinales y números romanos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Números ordinales&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felipa fue a buscar la dirección de una oficina;&#xA;  tenía anotado San Antonio 124, 4° piso, Col. Florida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El número del piso se lee: cuarto piso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estos números se llaman &lt;strong&gt;ordinales&lt;/strong&gt;, porque son los que se utilizan&#xA;  para ordenar los elementos de una serie y, además, nos dicen qué lugar&#xA;  ocupan dentro de la serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir del número 21, se leen: vigésimo primero, vigésimo segundo,&#xA;  vigésimo tercero, y así sucesivamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;30º trigésimo     60º sexagésimo    90º  nonagésimo 40º cuadragésimo &#xA;  70º septuagésimo 100º centésimo 50º quincuagésimo 80º octogésimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13677" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T18:49:21.183" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T18:49:21.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18017" CreationDate="2016-09-15T21:24:26.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cotilla&quot; es un adjetivo cargado de cultura. Por ejemplo, en España, llamamos cotilla a aquella persona que siempre quiere saber de la vida de los demás (definición informal). Se trata de un peyorativo muy usado en España - el &quot;cotilleo&quot;, el acto de &quot;cotillear&quot;, se considera una &lt;em&gt;actividad&lt;/em&gt; popular - fama sobre este rasgo de la cultura española se refleja en su folclore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Menudo cotilla estás hecho!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡No seas cotilla!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me gusta el cotilleo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me fío de Carlos porque siempre está cotilleando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T21:24:26.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18006" CreationDate="2016-09-16T13:40:56.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una oración independiente en la que se expresa deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;oración condicional&quot; suele usarse para la circunstancia, con verbo, bajo la cual otra cosa podría suceder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta oración, la circunstancia en todo caso sería &quot;puestos a amar&quot; y no &quot;que sea a una persona de buen corazón&quot;. Nótese que la construcción de esta circunstancia no es una oración condicional, sino un ejemplo de lo que la Real Academia Española en el &lt;em&gt;Manual de la nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; llama &quot;construcciones absolutas&quot; (§38.6, pág. 734).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la oración de la consecuencia que ocurre cuando la circunstancia acaece se le llama &quot;la oración principal&quot; (o (la) apódosis). (A la circunstancia también se le llama &quot;prótasis&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de la común confusión de llamar la consecuencia &quot;oración condicional&quot; se debe al problema clásico de terminología en el que el tiempo &quot;condicional&quot; de los verbos (&quot;haría&quot;, &quot;harías&quot;...) no aparece en oraciones condicionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13694" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T13:40:56.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18045" CreationDate="2016-09-16T14:31:55.570" Score="3" ViewCount="5557" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede definir &lt;em&gt;que yo sepa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la verdad sea dicha&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Dios no lo quisiera&lt;/em&gt; como un paréntesis desde el punto de vista sintáctico? ¿O me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que yo sepa&lt;/strong&gt;, el Barcelona tiene veinte internacionales de varios países.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se puso a marcar los pasos (&lt;strong&gt;la verdad sea dicha&lt;/strong&gt;, haciéndolos algo cortos).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debía evitar hacer cualquier ruido, porque si lo hacía, &lt;strong&gt;Dios no lo quisiera&lt;/strong&gt;, su mujer se asustaría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T06:39:46.897" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T06:39:46.897" Title="&quot;Que yo sepa&quot; y otras expresiones en su función sintáctica" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18028" CreationDate="2016-09-16T16:19:12.663" Score="9" ViewCount="55695" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber si comerse un &lt;strong&gt;sánguche&lt;/strong&gt; es lo mismo que si comiera un &lt;strong&gt;sandwich&lt;/strong&gt;, y si no lo es quisiera una descripción básica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;sánguche&lt;/em&gt; parece ser un anglicismo de &lt;em&gt;sándwich&lt;/em&gt;, y quisiera saber el origen de esta última.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al sur de las islas Malvinas hay unas islas llamadas &lt;em&gt;Sandwich del Sur&lt;/em&gt;, ¿Será de ahí el origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13659" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-31T15:35:16.490" LastActivityDate="2019-08-05T16:54:00.533" Title="Diferencias entre &quot;Sánguche&quot; y &quot;Sandwich&quot;, y origen de la palabra" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18027" CreationDate="2016-09-16T17:36:10.957" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario panhispánico de dudas se puede consultar lo siguiente en la entrada para &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=s%C3%A1ndwich&quot;&gt;sándwich&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Sándwich] es la forma mayoritariamente usada por los hablantes cultos en todo el ámbito hispánico, aunque en algunos países americanos, especialmente en Colombia, Venezuela, Chile y el Perú, circulan adaptaciones como &lt;em&gt;sánduche&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sánguche&lt;/em&gt;, más propias de registros coloquiales y desaconsejadas en favor de la unidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, efectivamente, ambas palabras parecen significar lo mismo, salvo que algún autóctono nos informe de lo contrario (ignoro si habrá sutiles diferencias).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el origen, parece estar documentada la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ndwich&quot;&gt;siguiente historia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sándwich posee una historia que establece sus orígenes en el siglo XVIII, a partir del aristócrata inglés John Montagu, IV conde de Sandwich (1718-1792), aunque no fue él su inventor. Se dice de este conde que le gustaba comer de esta forma porque así podía jugar a las cartas mientras comía, sin ensuciarse los dedos. En 1762, Montagu estuvo veinticuatro horas seguidas ante una mesa de juego. Para calmar el hambre, pidió un poco de carne entre dos rebanadas de pan. A este nuevo tentempié se le puso el nombre de sándwich, en honor al conde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T19:02:10.497" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T19:02:10.497" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2016-09-16T23:14:59.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Youtube en español sería &quot;ver televisión&quot;. Y Youtuber en español sería &quot;Youtubero&quot; o &quot;Conductor de televisión&quot;, que sería el término más adecuado en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13702" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T23:14:59.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18253" CreationDate="2016-09-17T16:52:17.030" Score="3" ViewCount="4664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me di cuenta de que todos los infinitivos de los verbos son palabras agudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;co&lt;strong&gt;mer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be&lt;strong&gt;ber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dige&lt;strong&gt;rir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;repercu&lt;strong&gt;tir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;endio&lt;strong&gt;sar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;o&lt;strong&gt;ír&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... &lt;sub&gt;bueno, podría poner tantos ejemplos como verbos hay en el diccionario.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros idiomas no es así (en catalán decimos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;có&lt;/strong&gt;rrer&lt;/em&gt; para correr, sin ir más lejos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún motivo para esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:17:49.653" Title="¿Por qué los infinitivos de los verbos son siempre palabras agudas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18144" CreationDate="2016-09-17T21:25:49.080" Score="2" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;En portugués brasileño, es posible decir una frase como &quot;Me liberta que eu te recompenso&quot;, con el significado de &quot;si me dejas libre, te recompensaré&quot;. ¿La frase equivalente en español &quot;déjame libre que te recompensaré&quot;, con el significado semejante a &quot;déjame libre y te recompensaré&quot; (con el &quot;que&quot; en lugar del &quot;y&quot;), es posible o suena rara? Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13707" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T18:39:34.367" Title="¿Es posible decir la frase &quot;Déjame libre que te recompensaré&quot;?" Tags="&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18032" CreationDate="2016-09-18T10:10:48.873" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es rara e incorrecta. Aunque en entornos informales puede tener un pase (hasta los nativos usan la &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; cuando no toca).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mejor es usar la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, el significado de la frase no cambie y será  correcta para todo el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T10:10:48.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2016-09-18T14:04:03.950" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It'll be like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber de ti / I want to know about you (tú).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quiero que tú seas mi esposa / I want you to be my wife (tú).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usted hace todo mejor / You make everything better&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; = Informally. &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; = Formally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13409" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T14:04:03.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18049" CreationDate="2016-09-18T14:09:27.820" Score="5" ViewCount="14022" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy os voy a dejar que sea Manolito quien haga la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Az5gt.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Az5gt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Manolito es un pichiruchi&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues eso: ¿qué quiere decir &lt;em&gt;pichiruchi&lt;/em&gt;? Lo más cercano que existe en el DRAE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sv8Mlxf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pichirruchi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Perú. Persona insignificante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he visto que significa &quot;persona de poco valor&quot;. Sin embargo, me gustaría que algún autóctono explicara el uso de la palabra con algo más de detalle: ejemplos de uso, si es conocida o es poco usada, si es cierto que se la inventó Quino para la tira o si venía de antes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-10-28T19:46:41.880" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;pichiruchi&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18036" CreationDate="2016-09-18T19:18:14.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Toda la vida pensé, aunque sin fundamento, que Quino la había inventado, pero encuentro diversas fuentes anteriores a la publicación de la tira que hacen derivar la palabra del &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=CKFDAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=pichiruchi&amp;amp;dq=pichiruchi&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mapuche&lt;/a&gt; o del &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=AmVlAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=pichiruchi&amp;amp;dq=pichiruchi&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guaraní&lt;/a&gt;. Puede que Quino la haya utilizado después de habérsela escuchado a alguien del Perú o de Chile, pues la gracia es que no es una palabra que se use en Argentina y por eso Manolito la desconoce. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://65.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_ljoehft6ct1qe3rjgo1_500h.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la siguiente tira&lt;/a&gt;, Manolito confunde la palabra y dice &quot;Machu Picchu&quot; (me parecería excesivo suponer que sea un guiño a un posible origen peruano del término, pero todo puede ser) y, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://pbs.twimg.com/media/BHgZTTHCcAA_4bS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la que le sigue&lt;/a&gt;, Mafalda dice sobre su significado: &quot;No sé explicártelo; Pichiruchi puede usarse para definir muchas cosas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T19:18:14.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18039" CreationDate="2016-09-18T20:57:08.720" Score="4" ViewCount="591" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm making a game and I would like a text box to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Este videojuego es sobre investigar y construcción de sociedad, [following in your family's footsteps...]&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I translated most of that correctly (correct me if I did it wrong). So I would like to translate the English part of that into Spanish. If anyone could help it would be much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: Just in case my translation was horrible, it's meant to say &quot;this game is about researching and constructing society, following in your family's footsteps...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13653" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T06:40:16.947" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T06:40:16.947" Title="How do you say &quot;following in your family's footsteps&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18038" CreationDate="2016-09-18T21:34:21.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to make sure, let's check first the definition of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/follow%20in%20someone&amp;#39;s%20footsteps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;follow in someone's footsteps&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To do the same things that another person has done before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have a very literal translation of the expression, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4wajTd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;seguir los pasos de alguien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Imitarlo en sus acciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the expression you want may be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Este videojuego trata acerca de investigar y desarrollar la sociedad, siguiendo los pasos de tu familia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;investigación y desarrollo&quot; is what we know as &lt;em&gt;research and development&lt;/em&gt;. You can also say &quot;construir la sociedad&quot; for a more literal translation. And the family part could also be &quot;siguiendo los pasos de tus padres&quot; (your parent's footsteps) or &quot;de los que te precedieron&quot; (the footsteps of the ones before you). The beginning could also be &quot;este juego va de investigar&quot; if you want a more colloquial variant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T21:34:21.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18038" CreationDate="2016-09-18T23:53:33.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Carlos' answer left little room to improvements I can only make an observation about the particularity of &quot;tratar acerca de&quot;. Here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juxtaposition of prepositions may end up in ambiguity every now and then, so to prevent this we may want to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt; este juego &lt;strong&gt;se trata de&lt;/strong&gt; investigar y desarrollar la sociedad, suiguiendo los pasos de tu familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The auxiliar &quot;se&quot; comes from &quot;tratarse de&quot; (reflexive verb) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this tweaked phrase you add up readability to the sentence as you avoid the juxtaposition of prepositions - the theory is that two prepositions are more difficult to read than only one. Example in English: to get over with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you were asking about what if we omit &quot;de&quot; in the sentence please note that in doing this we are using another different verb. Let's see the three possible verbs that may confuse us:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tratar (treat) - Roberto siempre trata bien a sus huéspedes (Roberto always treats well his guests)   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tratar de (try to) - María trata de comportarse (María tries to behave)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tratarse de (consist of) - En el juego se trata de descubrir al mentiroso (The game is about finding out the liar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And sorry for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué trata el juego? &#xA;El juego &lt;strong&gt;trata de&lt;/strong&gt; descubrir al mentiroso. (Here, in the question, we have already &quot;tratar de&quot; so now it means &quot;consist of&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy tenemos un juego que &lt;strong&gt;trata acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; descubrir al mentiroso. (Here we need to use &quot;acerca&quot; to avoid the ambiguity though it creates another, two prepositions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find ¿acerca de qué trata el juego? but it is anything but common cause we use the shorter form to ask this question but if it is the case, the normal answer would be &quot;el juego trata acerca de descubrir al mentiroso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very good question as it contemplates the nuances of Spanish, we have seen how &quot;tratar&quot; does not only have a reflexive form (tratarse de) but another different meaning if we add up a preposition (de) and also the &lt;em&gt;usage&lt;/em&gt; of &quot;acerca&quot; as a linguistic device to prevent ambiguity. I hope it is as helpful as it has been to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish and Spain.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastEditorUserId="13652" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T10:58:21.750" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T10:58:21.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T00:28:56.150" Score="4" ViewCount="1951" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I first learned that the Spanish word for pregnant is &quot;embarazada&quot; I was immediately struck by the similarity to the English word &quot;embarrassment&quot;. It seems both appropriate and inappropriate: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the one hand, pregnancy as such is nothing to be embarrassed about, if one is married (traditionally). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, pregnancy does seem somewhat embarrassing, even if one is married:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One has a huge belly awkwardly sticking out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its clear evidence one has been having sex.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13713" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T11:56:17.700" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T01:16:20.570" Title="Is there a connection between &quot;embarazada&quot; and the English word embarrassment?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18041" CreationDate="2016-09-19T00:46:55.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original meaning of embarrassed/embarazada was &quot;to block/to impede&quot;. Usage of the words diverged from its original meaning through the natural evolution of languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13714" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T08:05:37.583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T08:05:37.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18043" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18044" CreationDate="2016-09-19T04:40:29.910" Score="0" ViewCount="320" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Latin America is bigger than Spain and has bigger economy, population, what variety of spanish should I learn?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T15:41:08.710" Title="What accent or variety of Spanish should I learn?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-09-23T07:47:52.180" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:33:14.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gonna depend on the things you want to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Movies and TV series&lt;/strong&gt;: You usually gonna find only two dubs, spanish from Spain and neutral latin. Spain usually dub more material than latin America but there is a big war about who does the best dub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Literature&lt;/strong&gt;: It's not much affected by the country, because you don't read the accent, so you probably not gonna have any problem with that if you know spanish from any country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Talking and traveling&lt;/strong&gt;: Here starts the hard part. You better learn the variety of the country you gonna live or if you only want to talk with the immigrants of your own country, learn the variety of that people. You never gonna sound native, so I recommend you learn spanish (in general) and when you visit one new country, just study the little differences you gonna find there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T07:33:14.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18026" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:44:10.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de oraciones se comenta en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGSRLwlQPaFiXkFw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;epígrafe 31.1q&lt;/a&gt; de la Nueva Gramática Española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una subordinada sustantiva puede interpretarse a la manera de un tópico inicial con valor cercano al condicional [...]. En este uso de las subordinadas sustantivas (en un sentido algo laxo del término &lt;em&gt;subordinada&lt;/em&gt;), las oraciones alternan con otros grupos sintácticos que expresan puntos de vista del hablante, como &lt;em&gt;por lo que yo sé, hasta donde recuerdo, según mis informaciones&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Se ha señalado repetidamente que el concepto de &lt;em&gt;oración subordinada&lt;/em&gt; se aplica a estas construcciones de manera impropia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UnoZggFgORpxDlia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;los paréntesis&lt;/a&gt; sirven&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] para insertar en un enunciado una información complementaria o aclaratoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre otras cosas, sirven para aislar incisos, elementos suplementarios que aportan precisiones, ampliaciones, rectificaciones o circunstancias a lo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poniendo el caso de tus ejemplos, las frases quedarían perfectamente válidas de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Barcelona tiene veinte internacionales de varios países (que yo sepa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puso a marcar los pasos, haciéndolos algo cortos (la verdad sea dicha).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debía evitar hacer cualquier ruido, porque si lo hacía (Dios no lo quisiera) su mujer se asustaría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así expresadas, las frases siguen manteniendo su sentido original incluso si eliminamos los paréntesis, ya que sólo aportan una opinión personal del que habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T07:44:10.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18041" CreationDate="2016-09-19T08:17:04.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a connection. You can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/embarrass&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this bit of trivia&lt;/a&gt; in the Merriam-Webster dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you've ever been so embarrassed that you felt like you were caught up in a noose of shame you may have some insight into the origins of the word &lt;em&gt;embarrass&lt;/em&gt;. The word can be traced back through French and Spanish to the Portuguese word &lt;em&gt;embaraçar&lt;/em&gt;, which was itself probably formed as a combination of the prefix &lt;em&gt;em-&lt;/em&gt; (from Latin &lt;em&gt;in-&lt;/em&gt;) and &quot;baraça,&quot; the Portuguese word for &quot;noose.&quot; Though &quot;embarrass&quot; has had various meanings throughout its history in English, these days it most often implies making someone feel or look foolish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the English word &quot;embarrass&quot; comes directly from the Spanish language (among others in the list of steps). But, as user Menachem said, the drift of the meanings has been capricious and now we use that word to express two different concepts that have nothing to do with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T08:17:04.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18071" CreationDate="2016-09-19T09:43:37.087" Score="1" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me cuesta mucho entender la razón por la que se utiliza el subjuntivo en la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y será precisamente usted, señor, quien &lt;strong&gt;se encargue&lt;/strong&gt; de investigar este caso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo en la oración relativa si sabemos que se trata de una CIERTA persona (el antecedente es existente) y no expresamos ni duda ni improbabilidad? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchas gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T10:52:05.150" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T05:52:42.123" Title="El subjuntivo en la frase relativa" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1790" CreationDate="2016-09-19T11:03:36.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason why you use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; in this context is because &lt;strong&gt;it's acting as a lazy stand-in for the verb &lt;em&gt;celebrarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;to take place&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to understand the epic existential battle that &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; have been fighting for the past five hundred years, you should focus on understanding the difference between &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com/blog/ser-estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the essence of things and their state&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T11:03:36.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18036" CreationDate="2016-09-19T12:50:38.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cualquier chileno sabe lo que significa &lt;em&gt;pichiruchi&lt;/em&gt;. Es algo sin valor o sin importancia. Viene del mapuzungún, la lengua de la etnia mapuche, a partir de la palabra &lt;em&gt;pichiruche&lt;/em&gt; ('e' final) y con el significado original de &quot;flacucho&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?pichiruche&quot;&gt;Aquí se detalla la etimología&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T12:50:38.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18050" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T13:43:56.593" Score="1" ViewCount="5241" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it a special phrase, an exception?&#xA;I  m doing duolingo, and i have never seen &quot;yo gusto&quot;, only &quot;me gusto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T07:43:40.520" Title="Why can't I say &quot;Yo gusto&quot;, I have to say &quot;me gusta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-23T14:54:41.027" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-09-19T13:55:46.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo gusto = Someone likes me (It's like &quot;Yo gusto [a alguien]&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta = I like something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusto = I like myself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T13:55:46.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-09-19T14:25:19.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can say both of them. &#xA;If you say &quot;Me gusta leer&quot; or &quot;Yo gusto de leer&quot;, you're saying the same thing: &quot;I like to read&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in spanish, the verb &quot;gustar&quot; doesn't use subject pronouns &quot;Yo&quot;, &quot;TÚ&quot;, it uses indirect objects &quot;Me&quot;, &quot;Le&quot;, &quot;Nos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a verb, &quot;gustar&quot; is a little more complex than this, but I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T14:25:19.813" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2016-09-19T15:41:08.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I started to learn English, the pronunciation was a big barrier to me at the beginning, I couldn't understand why Americans and Brits pronounce the same words differently like in &quot;aluminum&quot;.  I couldn't understand it cause we don't change the pronunciation of the words, we only change their intonation (accents).  So it is not that much important as you have the same &quot;phonetic transcription&quot; for every single word - you don't have to, like in &quot;aluminum&quot;, learn two pronunciations for the same word.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as a personal advice I will recommend you to look for the accent or culture that you like the most and enjoy it cause this way you will learn more (the more you like it the more you learn it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;General Knowledge:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE (Real Academia Española) is the most mandatory and official dictionary within Spain - it kinda has the last word, if you want to be orthodox with your learning. In Argetina Spanish changes a little, but anyways it's almost the same.  I have the impression that Spanish from Mexico is the most representative variant in Latino America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T15:41:08.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18047" CreationDate="2016-09-19T15:55:23.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy muy seguro si con esta observación ayudaré a resolver tu duda o complicarla más.  En cualquier caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De todos, usted será el que se encargue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi entender, aquí el subjuntivo especifica dentro de un grupo quién es el que se &lt;em&gt;encargará&lt;/em&gt;.  El subjuntivo es usado aquí también como imperativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría poder ayudarte más, pero no creo haber entendido muy bien tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastEditorUserId="13652" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T18:24:09.303" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T18:24:09.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18047" CreationDate="2016-09-19T18:43:53.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra interpretación de la frase sería un tono irónico, además del imperativo. En todo caso, sólo el contexto de la frase permitiría decidir la intención del hablante. Por lo demás, la construcción es correcta en Castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13721" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T18:43:53.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18062" CreationDate="2016-09-19T18:44:45.503" Score="2" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me mandó un mensaje a plenas tres de la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor me delató a plenas dos en la oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &quot;pleno&quot; typically means &quot;full&quot; and can be used to emphasize. The best I can think of is &quot;fully&quot;, eg &quot;The smell gave me away to fully two people in the office.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2420" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T06:28:59.323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T06:32:23.793" Title="How would one translate &quot;a plenas&quot; in this context?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18057" CreationDate="2016-09-19T18:56:31.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;plenas&quot; plus number is used to refer to an improper time of the night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me mandó un mensaje a plenas tres de la mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He sent me a message at three o'clock in the morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you omit the &lt;em&gt;de la mañana&lt;/em&gt;, the meaning is idiomatic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El olor me delató a plenas dos en la oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be translated as something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The smell gave me away at two o'clock in the office.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could also mean in the afternoon, of course, if the emphasis is appropriate there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="3063" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T18:59:02.157" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T18:59:02.157" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18685" CreationDate="2016-09-19T19:05:55.647" Score="6" ViewCount="2767" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál son las differencias entre los rangos militares de las fuerzas armadas de España y los de las fuerzas armadas en Latinoamérica, y cómo se comparan a los de los EE.UU.?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, I was attempting to translate into English some Spanish military ranks.  In the process, I began to realize that there might be some significant differences in meaning.  For example, the role and place in the hierarchy of a first lieutenant in the U.S. military might have a slightly different role and place in the hierarchy of a Latin American military.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, a first lieutenant in the United States has hierarchy over a second lieutenant, but I'm not sure if that is the case in Latin American militaries.  The Wikipedia article, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadete_oficial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Cadete oficial&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and its description of &quot;teniente primero&quot; and &quot;teniente segundo&quot; is, specifically, what launched this line of inquiry.  I realize this is an article on a naval school in Peru and not Peru's navy, but often the ranking system is similar as it is preparing them for the real army, navy, air force, et cetera.  Regardless of similarities or lack thereof between a military school and the military, it made me wonder about the differences between the armed forces of Latin America, where they exist, and by how much from one country to the next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My solution to this was to visit a chart of NATO ranks to see the grades listed for the Spanish military and in so doing, would at least have a better understanding of how the pay grades correspond, but this only works when, and if, I can find corresponding information for a Latin American military.  As an example, I've included an image of Peruvian ranks below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/qdDbbKo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;The image above comes from a page titled &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.marina.mil.pe/page/grados&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Marina de Guerra del Perú&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the names of the various ranks are listed, but not the grades, leaving some uncertainty regarding how well they actually correspond.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the NATO chart was easy to find and easy to read, I'm still left wondering how the various military ranks of each Latin American military on the other side of the pond correspond with those of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this question is too difficult to answer, I would be happy to do the research myself, but would any of you be so kind as to suggest some useful resources on this topic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente, estaba intentando traducir al inglés unos rangos militares.  En el proceso, comencé a darme cuenta de que podría haber diferencias significativas de sentido para algunos de ellos.  Por ejemplo, la función y posición en la jerarquía de un teniente primero en las fuerzas armadas de los Estados Unidos podría ser algo ligeramente diferente en otra fuerza armada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más específicamente, un teniente primero en los Estados Unidos tiene jerarquía sobre un teniente segundo, pero no estoy segura si eso es el caso en fuerzas armadas latinoamericanas.  El artículo de la Wikipedia, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadete_oficial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Cadete oficial&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y su descripción de &quot;teniente primero&quot; y &quot;teniente segundo&quot; es, específicamente lo que lanzó esta línea de investigación.  Me doy cuenta de que ésto es un artículo de una escuela naval en Perú y no de la armada de Perú, pero muy a menudo el sistema de rangos es similar como está preparando a los estudiantes para el ejército real, la armada, la fuerza aérea, etc.  Independientemente de las similitudes o falta de ellas entre una escuela militar y la fuerza armada, me hizo pensar en las diferencias entre las fuerzas armadas latinoamericanas, donde existen, y por cuánto de un país a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi solución a ésto fue visitar una tabla de rangos de OTAN para ver los grados listados para los rangos militares de España y al hacerlo, por lo menos tendría un mejor conocimiento de cómo se corresponden los niveles, pero ésto solamente funcionará cuando pueda encontrar información correspondiente para una fuerza armada latinoamericana.  Como un ejemplo, he incluido un imagen de rangos peruanos abajo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Veáse imagen de arriba.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la tabla de OTAN fue fácil de encontrar y leer, todavía me pregunto cómo los rangos militares de cada una fuerza armada latinoamericana en el otro lado del charco corresponden con los de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si esta pregunta es demasiado difícil de responder, no tengo problema en hacer la investigación yo mismo, pero, ¿alguno de ustedes sería tan amable de sugerir algún recursos útil para este tema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T11:11:09.677" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T03:55:49.230" Title="What are the differences between the military ranks of the Spanish military and those of Latin America and how do they compare to those of the U.S.?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18057" CreationDate="2016-09-19T20:34:49.667" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Plena(s) means full, complete, fulfilled, filled, plenary, etc.  In your examples, regarding the time I would translate it as &quot;whole&quot; number, as in the previous answer, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;He sent me a message at three o'clock in the morning&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  On the second half, I would think it is referring to audience rather than time so perhaps &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The smell gave me away to all two of them at the office&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T20:34:49.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-09-19T20:38:24.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is that in itself, &quot;Yo gusto&quot; is incomplete; you would have to use it as in the following sentence, taken from &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=f-UxAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA65&amp;amp;lpg=PA65&amp;amp;dq=%22Yo%20gusto%20mucho%20de%20t%C3%AD%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=QqMgu4f0Xb&amp;amp;sig=bxiRV49KlYF9u0ZO0W_kS0jCAMo&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj6h_ivpJzPAhWL14MKHeCnD5UQ6AEIKDAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22Yo%20gusto%20mucho%20de%20t%C3%AD%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La esclava de su galán: comedia en tres actos de Lope de Vega&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo gusto mucho de tí.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, &quot;Me gusta&quot; is a complete sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T10:47:00.847" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T10:47:00.847" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18057" CreationDate="2016-09-19T21:12:34.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are two odd examples of an otherwise well-known expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tuve que volver andando a casa a pleno sol y en pleno verano.&lt;/em&gt; (I had to come back home walking under the sun at its peak in the hottest of the summer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the previous example you can see that &lt;em&gt;pleno&lt;/em&gt; is used to emphasise what's next. Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos entraron a robar a plena luz del día.&lt;/em&gt; (They robbed our house even it was full daylight.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the emphasis is used to note that burglars don't usually do that at daylight but at night when nobody is watching. The examples you give just emphasise the time at which the actions are performed, but I must say that using &lt;em&gt;pleno&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;plenas&lt;/em&gt; in your case) sounds a bit strange to me when accompanying a time of the day, but it's perfectly valid. It's just unusual, that's all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression is present in the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TPFxNYh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pleno, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;plenus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que ocupa la parte central o más intensa de un tiempo, un lugar, un proceso, etc. &lt;em&gt;La bala le hirió en pleno pecho. Juan está en plenos exámenes. Era pleno verano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T06:32:23.793" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T06:32:23.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18066" CreationDate="2016-09-20T07:09:12.193" Score="4" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.centrospalomar.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=249%3Aoptotipo-sicofantia-palomar-para-el-diagnostico-de-la-sicofantia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;optotipo para la sicofantia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece estar diseñado para detectar a &lt;strong&gt;simuladores&lt;/strong&gt;. Sin embargo, no encuentro esa palabra en los diccionarios, por lo que me planteo si es correcta la interpretación &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sicofante = simulador&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y si está extendida esa acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras más parecidas y aparentemente relacionadas (sicofanta, sicofante) que he encontrado tienen significados diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xnnbqj6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sicofante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; remite a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xnks3lS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sicofanta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que figura escuetamente como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. sycophanta, y este del gr. συκοφάντης sykophántēs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Impostor, calumniador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.dictionarist.com/sicofante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diccionario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recogen otras definiciones de sicofante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Persona que intenta ganar el favor de otra comportándose de forma zalamera y servil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Delator o informante de la policía u otra autoridad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicofanta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; recoge que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En la Antigua Atenas un sicofante o sicofanta (en griego συκοφάντης &lt;em&gt;sykophantes&lt;/em&gt;) era un denunciante profesional. [...] Por extensión, el término sicofante/a designa a un individuo bajo y despreciable, que busca obtener una posición o estatus personal mediante adulación hacia otras personas que comúnmente disponen ya de ciertas influencias y estatus social o tribal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filosofia.org/enc/eui/e551144.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Universal Ilustrada Europeo-Americana&lt;/a&gt; añade información adicional, pero no nuevas acepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T08:24:30.050" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:28:16.537" Title="Significado de &quot;sicofantia&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18064" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T07:09:51.640" Score="6" ViewCount="859" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aun a día de hoy se sigue hablando de aquella famosa anécdota de don Camilo, ya mencionada en este sitio &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8243/12637&quot;&gt;en otra ocasión&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No es lo mismo estar dormido que estar durmiendo, como no es lo mismo estar jodido que estar jodiendo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de tener un ejemplo tan rotundo, la gente sigue dando opiniones diversas al respecto de si ambas expresiones son equivalentes o no, y por regla general el significado tanto de &lt;em&gt;estar durmiendo&lt;/em&gt; como de &lt;em&gt;estar dormido&lt;/em&gt; se sigue considerando el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista, el símil sería que &quot;estar durmiendo&quot; se aplicaría (al igual que &quot;estar jodiendo&quot;) como si el verbo fuera transitivo y requiriera de un objeto directo sobre el que realizar la acción, como en el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me molestéis ahora que estoy durmiendo al niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E9e9ZKl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dormir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en su novena acepción: &quot;hacer que alguien se duerma&quot;. Sin embargo, al usar el participio &quot;estar dormido&quot; se entiende el verbo en su primera acepción (como verbo intransitivo): &quot;hallarse en el estado de reposo que consiste en la inacción o suspensión de los sentidos y de todo movimiento voluntario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que el verbo se pueda usar también como pronominal creo que añade aún más a la confusión: también se puede decir &quot;se está usted durmiendo&quot;, que implicaría que la persona está en proceso de llegar a dicho estado de reposo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, no es el propósito de esta pregunta el tratar de llegar a una conclusión al respecto, sino de entender el porqué. &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué tiene el verbo dormir que provoque esta confusión? ¿Ha existido esta confusión desde que existe el castellano o ha sido algo reciente? ¿Existen otros verbos en castellano que provoquen la misma confusión?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Por supuesto, excluyendo a los sinónimos de &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y44QXth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que la causa son las acepciones 10 y 11, que implican un uso transitivo del verbo pero en el que la acción recae sobre el propio sujeto: &lt;em&gt;dormir la siesta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dormir la mona&lt;/em&gt; son los ejemplos que da el DRAE. Pero mantengo la pregunta para conocer vuestras respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya un poco como offtopic, resulta espectacular la definición de &quot;dormir&quot; según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1996/diccionario-de-autoridades&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/a&gt; (1726-1739):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DORMIR.&lt;/strong&gt; v. n. Tomar reposo y descansar la misma naturaleza, quando pierde el uso de los sentídos, para recobrar las fuerzas, agotadas por la vigilia o el cansáncio: lo qual se cáusa levantando al celebro ciertos vapores que le ocupan, y digeridos allí, se vuelven a derramar por el cuerpo hechos espíritus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T06:15:33.767" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T06:15:33.767" Title="¿Sólo estar durmiendo es mejor que estar dormido?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18070" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:03:29.327" Score="3" ViewCount="7623" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído esta palabra, aparentemente con un significado despectivo, pero no lo encuentro en el DRAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/tuercebotas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; lo define como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;com. amer.&lt;/em&gt;  Persona sin importancia, pelanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanismo.org/politica-y-sociedad/13338-zapatero-o-tuercebotas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;foro&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También se denomina así al jugador de fútbol que destaca por ser un estorbo para su equipo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tuercebotas&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctuercebotas%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Ngram Viewer&lt;/a&gt; no lo recoge hasta 1965 y tras ir aumentando su frecuencia, parece estar disminuyendo desde el año 2000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se utiliza habitualmente esa palabra? ¿Con cuál de los dos significados? ¿Qué origen tiene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T09:19:43.293" LastActivityDate="2020-11-16T13:07:17.957" Title="Significado y uso de &quot;tuercebotas&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18063" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:09:50.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que la interpretación es correcta con matices, y con la definición del DRAE tenemos suficiente para explicarlo. Lo que detecta el &lt;em&gt;optotipo&lt;/em&gt; no son simuladores, sino &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5zStQe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;impostores&lt;/a&gt;, que es lo que es un &lt;em&gt;sicofante&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, detecta gente &quot;que finge o engaña con apariencia de verdad&quot;. En el caso que nos concierne, se detectan impostores que fingen sufrir de ambliopía bilateral. Lo que pasa es que en medicina es un poco delicado usar según qué palabras (no queda bien que tildes a un paciente de impostor), por lo que se dice que las personas simulan patologías. De hecho, en muchas ocasiones seguramente ni siquiera serán conscientes de ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término sicofante no lo conocía, pero me parece adecuado para describir a estas personas ya que suena muy culto y rimbombante. De este sustantivo se deriva &lt;em&gt;sicofantia&lt;/em&gt;, usando el sufijo -ia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KrTqAy7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;-ia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-ia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Aparece en sustantivos femeninos, generalmente abstractos, en su mayoría heredados del latín. &lt;em&gt;Vigilia, eficacia, ignominia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, aunque no aparezca en el diccionario podemos saber cómo está formada la palabra y a qué se refiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, un &lt;em&gt;optotipo&lt;/em&gt; es la típica tabla con letras o símbolos que se usa para medir la visión de alguien. En inglés recibe el nombre más descriptivo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_chart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eye chart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T08:28:16.537" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:28:16.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18064" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:18:55.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La peculiaridad del verbo &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt; es que la forma transitiva o reflexiva indican tránsito, mientras que la intransitiva indica el estado final. Ahora mismo no se me ocurre ningún otro verbo que funcione así. Cela, naturalmente, estaba haciendo una broma a costa del presidente del Senado, estableciendo un falso paralelismo entre ambos verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:18:55.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:47:10.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have no equivalent of the English verb &lt;em&gt;to like&lt;/em&gt;; instead, we use &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, which is similar to the English &lt;em&gt;to please&lt;/em&gt; (which can also be translated as &lt;em&gt;complacer&lt;/em&gt; or other verbs, depending on the context).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, in Spanish we use the infinitive in many cases where English uses the -ing form. Add to this that with this verb we use to put the subject at the end of the sentence, where the object usually is, and you have everything:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like reading --&amp;gt; Reading pleases me --&amp;gt; Me gusta leer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like fruit --&amp;gt; Fruit pleases me --&amp;gt; Me gusta la fruta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the periphrasis &lt;em&gt;gustar de&lt;/em&gt; as an equivalent of &lt;em&gt;to like&lt;/em&gt;, but it sounds affected in Spanish. You are better off using just &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta leer &amp;lt;--&amp;gt; Gusto de leer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:47:10.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18065" CreationDate="2016-09-20T09:07:54.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso es el que has dicho, y se utiliza bastante en fútbol de forma despectiva. La procedencia es esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su historia data como mínimo del siglo XIII y hacía alusión a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El rastrapaja referido al palurdo, que se arrastra, y a la persona&#xA;  miserable que a la pobreza material une la espiritual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Celdrán habla de la escasa carga ofensiva del término y describe el porqué del curioso nombre &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es voz creativa que tiene ante si la imagen del vagabundo o pordiosero que anda con los pies medio desnudos, asomando sus dedos por los agujeros de las botas torcidas de andar de un sitio a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El gran libro de los insultos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T09:07:54.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18065" CreationDate="2016-09-20T09:09:15.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre había visto esta palabra como un insulto en el ámbito del fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero he encontrado este artículo en el que indagan sobre su origen, con nuevas acepciones:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/cultura/20150126/abci-tuercebotas-origen-insulto-201501202037.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.abc.es/cultura/20150126/abci-tuercebotas-origen-insulto-201501202037.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Su historia data como mínimo del siglo XIII&lt;/strong&gt; y hacía alusión al «rastrapaja referido al palurdo, que se arrastra, y a la persona miserable que a la pobreza material une la espiritual». [...] «es voz creativa que tiene ante si la imagen del vagabundo o pordiosero que anda con los pies medio desnudos, asomando sus dedos por los agujeros de las botas torcidas de andar de un sitio a otro». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11938" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T00:05:56.020" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T00:05:56.020" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18047" CreationDate="2016-09-20T10:56:39.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El modo subjuntivo, además de proponer situaciones hipotéticas también expresa deseo. La frase se puede reescribir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deseo que usted se encargue de investigar este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el ejemplo sobre el cuál haces la pregunta expresa un deseo que, dependiendo del rango de quien lo dice, es más bien una orden equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Señor, encárguese de investigar este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase al ser dicha  por un mayor en la forma que propones, pese al hecho de que esté expresada en modo subjuntivo y lleva un matiz de deseo, no demerita su calidad de orden. Un ejemplo más directo sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero que se encargue de la investigación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo dice el jefe o una persona de alto rango, el deseo implica una orden. Si lo dice un par o un subalterno, es solo un deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras opciones posibles con significados variables son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me conformo, señor, si se encarga de investigar este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tuviera la capacidad necesaria, señor, usted sería quien se encargase de investigar este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos usar el modo indicativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usted, señor, se encargará de investigar este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T05:52:42.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2016-09-20T14:20:27.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Incluso hay nombres propios, como Aurelio, Eustaquio, Eulalio, Eulogia, Orihuela ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T14:20:27.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18064" CreationDate="2016-09-20T15:00:40.210" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren los verbos &lt;strong&gt;coser&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;cocer&lt;/strong&gt;.  Por cierto, Carlos Alejo, gracias por esta interesante pregunta, y a Gorpik por su punto de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para aclarar, &lt;em&gt;es mi opinión&lt;/em&gt;, que cualquier verbo en que su &lt;strong&gt;gerundio y  participio&lt;/strong&gt; puedan usarse para describir &lt;strong&gt;el estado y la acción de la primera persona&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g.,está durmiendo (gerundio), está dormido (&lt;em&gt;participio&lt;/em&gt;), cumplen las condiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La polémica sería si la acción puede al mismo tiempo ser transitiva y reflexiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estás durmiendo (te estás durmiendo)? estás dormido. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estás cociendo&#xA;(te estás cociendo)? estás cocido!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota como contra-ejemplo:  &lt;em&gt;estás cabalgando (no te estás cabalgando a tí mismo) pero puedes ser cabalgado por otro&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="13722" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T17:19:35.820" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T17:19:35.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18076" CreationDate="2016-09-20T15:58:39.963" Score="2" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría preguntar a los hablantes nativos si una oración final puede aparecer al inicio de una frase, p. ej.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para que no te pierdas en la calle&lt;/strong&gt;, toma este mapa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (2) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para que nadie me viera&lt;/strong&gt;, escapé por un callejón cercano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es común? ¿O preferiríais el orden: oración principal + oración subordinada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T06:40:22.793" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T06:40:22.793" Title="¿Puede una oración final aparecer al inicio de una frase?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18074" CreationDate="2016-09-20T18:33:50.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, se puede alterar el orden normal.  Por lo general, se hace para agregar énfasis, o en ciertas ocasiones, por estética.  Yo lo he encontrado en comunicación oral o poesía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, nota que al explicar la razón para el acto, motivas a tu audiencia.  A veces es útil hacerlo así para educar, por ejemplo. (Para que puedas jugar, ¡haz la tarea!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T21:01:26.143" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T21:01:26.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18077" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18080" CreationDate="2016-09-20T19:33:22.427" Score="5" ViewCount="15855" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba mirando un video de internet gracioso y, en la mayoría de los chistes, cuando termina de contarlos dice la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me parto y me mondo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13659" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T07:39:59.693" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T08:23:24.023" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;Me parto y me mondo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T20:42:26.600" Score="2" ViewCount="121718" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Pueden explicarme la diferencia entre &quot;a&quot; y &quot;ha&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No la entiendo y agradecería ayuda al respecto. Estuve buscando una solución en internet pero no he podido encontrar una que lo explique bien y que yo entienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13727" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T13:08:30.960" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T13:08:30.960" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;a&quot; y &quot;ha&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18078" CreationDate="2016-09-20T20:55:24.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia es mucha porque son dos palabras completamente diferentes aunque se pronuncien igual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es una duda frecuente y encontré esta respuesta &lt;a href=&quot;http://gramaticacomosedice.blogspot.com.co/2014/05/diferencia-entre-a-ha-ah-error-horrible.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-A es una preposición con múltiples acepciones: “Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; ver una película &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Madrid”, “Esta colonia sabe &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; miel”, “Me encanta montar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  caballo”, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Ha se utiliza para formar la tercera persona del singular del pretérito perfecto: “Él &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; ido a la bolera”, “Mi prima &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; aprobado&#xA;  todo”, “Jorge &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; aprendido la lección”, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Ah es una interjección empleada para denotar pena, admiración o sorpresa: “Ah, que no vienes…”, “¡Ah!, pobre chico”, “¡Ah!, ahora me&#xA;  acuerdo”, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; esa respuesta le hace falta aclarar que &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; viene del verbo &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque tu pregunta la hiciste en español creo que te sirve un paralelo con el inglés así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; ver una película &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Madrid = I'll go &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; see a movie &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt; Madrid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la preposición &quot;a&quot; equivale a las preposiciones &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jorge ha aprendido la lección = Jorge has learned his lesson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso es claro que &quot;ha&quot; cumple la misma función que el verbo &quot;have&quot; cumple en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T21:07:19.460" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T21:07:19.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18077" CreationDate="2016-09-20T21:13:04.677" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada del DRAE para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WVeu9LN&quot;&gt;risa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; verás que hay muchas locuciones verbales con dicha palabra: morirse de risa, desternillarse de risa, &lt;strong&gt;partirse de risa&lt;/strong&gt;, mearse de risa, &lt;strong&gt;mondarse de risa&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. Todas ellas significan reírse mucho y con ganas. Algunas se pueden simplificar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Me meo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Me parto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, dicha literalmente la expresión podría indicar que el hablante se ha reído enormemente tras oír alguna gracia. Sin embargo, ten cuidado porque (al menos que yo recuerde), creo que esa expresión se puso de moda precisamente a la inversa, dicha en tono completamente sarcástico (al menos aquí en España). A mí mismo me la han dicho más de una vez en tono serio tras soltar algún chiste malo, para hacerme ver que lo dicho no tenía ni pizca de gracia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T21:13:04.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18078" CreationDate="2016-09-20T21:59:24.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya te han dicho, con hache forma parte del verbo haber, auxiliar, y sola es la preposición, normalmente indicando dirección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para aportar algo más, hay un truco bastante sencillo para saber cuándo escribirla con hache y cuándo no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si se puede cambiar por han y la oración sigue teniendo sentido, se&#xA;  escribe con hache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un par de ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos tenemos que ir a la escuela (We have to go to school)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cambiamos la a por &quot;an&quot;, no tiene sentido. No se puede decir &lt;em&gt;Nos tenemos que ir an la escuela&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo tanto, sin hache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ha dicho que tiene que marcharse (He said he has to leave)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta vez, en cambio, si cambiamos ha por han, la oración sigue siendo válida: &lt;em&gt;Han dicho que tiene que marcharse (They said he has to leave)&lt;/em&gt;. El sujeto cambia de singular a plural, pero es una oración bien formada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Si necesitas traducción al inglés o no entiendes algo, dime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T21:59:24.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18082" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T22:26:41.970" Score="6" ViewCount="1361" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen varios tipos o niveles de voseo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el voseo puro, donde todas las conjugaciones se hacen modificando las conjugaciones de vosotros, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el voseo mixto donde simplemente se substituye vos por tú en algunas situaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, hablando con un argentino rioplatense noté que él usa la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vos quieras&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; mientras yo (hondureño) uso la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vos querás&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;; también, él usa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hasta que vos te mueras&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (argentino) y yo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hasta que vos te murás&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (centroamericano).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sé que el último suena feo para muchos hispanoparlantes pero intento nunca modificar mi español (&lt;strong&gt;vosotros muráis --&gt; vos murás&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voseo puro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos querás&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos murás&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos comistes&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos trabajastes&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voseo mixto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos quieras&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos mueras&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos comiste&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;vos trabajaste&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un boliviano me dijo que en la región donde nació usan el voseo puro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda entonces es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuáles países con voseo tienen actualmente el &lt;em&gt;voseo puro&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T09:25:11.090" LastActivityDate="2021-03-13T22:02:18.447" Title="¿Cuáles países con voseo tienen voseo puro?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18078" CreationDate="2016-09-21T07:06:16.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por complementar las otras respuestas, que profundizan en la diferencia entre ambas palabras, os cuento el truco que recuerdo que me enseñaron a mí de pequeño en el colegio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la palabra que va detrás acaba en &lt;em&gt;-ado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ido&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-to&lt;/em&gt;, se escribe &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;. (Es decir, si lo que va detrás es un verbo en participio, pero por entonces no sabíamos lo que era un participio. Seguramente se pueda encontrar alguna excepción a esta norma, como &quot;me fui a Sagunto&quot;, pero por lo general funciona bien si se excluyen los nombres propios.) Ejemplos: &lt;em&gt;Juan no ha hablado conmigo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Pepe se lo ha comido todo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;María nunca ha roto un plato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la palabra que va detrás es la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, también se escribe &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Tu niño ha de comportarse mejor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En cualquier otro caso, se escribe &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T07:06:16.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18231" CreationDate="2016-09-21T08:15:57.987" Score="7" ViewCount="14850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el tema se ha tratado de pasadas en algunas preguntas relacionadas, creo que todavía no se había planteado esta pregunta por aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13231/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/13232/12637&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt; afirmaba que procedía de &lt;em&gt;ulular&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2506/12637&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, más centrada en el cántico deportivo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2508/12637&quot;&gt;se dice&lt;/a&gt; que se cree que es de origen árabe, de cuyo origen han derivado otras como el &lt;em&gt;hello&lt;/em&gt; inglés o el &lt;em&gt;olá&lt;/em&gt; portugués. Sin embargo, en el Merriam-Webster se afirma que &quot;hello&quot; viene de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hollo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hollo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y la etimología de ésta es desconocida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE vienen recogidas tanto &quot;ole&quot; como &quot;olé&quot;, significando lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QykVr2u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;olé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voz expr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para animar y aplaudir. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se comenta nada pues acerca de su posible origen. En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en español&lt;/a&gt; simplemente se dice que viene del árabe, y en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%A9,_Ol%C3%A9,_Ol%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en inglés&lt;/a&gt; se aventuran a añadir que podría ser una corrupción de &lt;em&gt;Allah&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, veo más plausible que de aquí se derivara la interjección &lt;em&gt;¡hala!&lt;/em&gt; Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;¿alguien sabe cuál podría ser el origen de esta expresión tan famosa?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más datos: en el mapa de diccionarios de la RAE aparece desde la versión de 1884, siendo al parecer la voz &lt;em&gt;ole&lt;/em&gt; más antigua que &lt;em&gt;olé&lt;/em&gt;. En Ngram las primeras apariciones son de mediados del siglo XIX (ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=gyxPAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA39&amp;amp;dq=%22ole%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi04Yq45aDPAhWCvxoKHQZaCv44FBDoAQghMAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ole%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Poesías Andaluzas, 1841&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Arsa y ole...&quot;). Aunque según el Corominas, como apunta Rafael, es de aparición algo más temprana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-06-07T06:15:19.853" LastActivityDate="2020-07-07T18:38:47.693" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;olé&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18087" CreationDate="2016-09-21T09:59:53.373" Score="5" ViewCount="1655" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que tengo la mente hecha un caos y probablemente le esté dando vueltas a algo muy simple. Pero soy un poco novato en esto y me he quedado en blanco...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ver si me podéis ayudar a resolver esta duda. Es la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua fría hizo sentir como nueva a Marta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, ¿&quot;a Marta&quot; qué sería?, ¿complemento indirecto o directo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Primer método: sustitución por el pronombre:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua fría &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; hizo sentir como nueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua fría &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; hizo sentir como nueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas me suenan bien. Si fuera masculino sería &quot;el agua fría &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; hizo sentir como nuevo&quot;. No me termina de convencer pero no sé si podría funcionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Segundo Método: preguntar por: ¿a quién?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A quién hizo sentir como nueva el agua fría? A Marta. Sí, pero no me fío. Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua refrescó a Marta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A quién refrescó el agua? A Marta. Según esto &quot;a Marta&quot; debería ser CI, pero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marta fue refrescada por el agua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua la refrescó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí es CD, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tercer método: pasarlo a pasiva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como nueva fue sentida Marta por el agua fría. ¿? ¿? ¿?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marta fue sentida como nueva por el agua fría. ¿? ¿? ¿?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé ni cómo realizarla La verdad. Yo voto por el CI, pero necesitaría confirmación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Algún método infalible para detectar los CI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13729" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T10:59:44.023" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T07:00:43.803" Title="Duda Complemento Directo/Indirecto con verbo &quot;hacer sentir&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18085" CreationDate="2016-09-21T10:50:40.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18087/12637&quot;&gt;respuesta de Rafael&lt;/a&gt; tiene toda la razón, y yo me equivocaba. En realidad podemos interpretar la frase como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua fría ocasionó una sensación de estar como nueva a Marta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cual tiene la siguiente voz pasiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una sensación de estar como nueva fue ocasionada por el agua fría a Marta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que, efectivamente, el complemento directo de la oración original es &lt;em&gt;sentir como nueva&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;a Marta&lt;/em&gt; sería &lt;strong&gt;complemento indirecto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESPUESTA ANTERIOR&lt;/strong&gt; (RESPETADA A MODO TESTIMONIAL, &lt;strong&gt;SE RUEGA NO TENER EN CUENTA&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras varias divagaciones, juraría que la confusión viene de que la oración no está bien planteada. En este caso, el infinitivo del verbo sería &lt;em&gt;sentirse como nuevo&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, se hace uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbV5cZG%7CXbVfLnt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sentir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en una de sus acepciones como verbo pronominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Hallarse o estar de determinada manera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que la frase en realidad debería expresarse así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El agua fría hizo sentirse como nueva a Marta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el verbo sentir no es pronominal, entonces es transitivo, requiriendo un complemento directo tal que así: &quot;Marta sintió un escalofrío provocado por el agua fría&quot;, o &quot;el agua fría hizo sentir un escalofrío a Marta&quot;. En esta última, &quot;a Marta&quot; sí sería un complemento indirecto, ya que el directo es el escalofrío. Pasiva: &quot;un escalofrío fue hecho sentir por el agua fría a Marta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo al ejemplo corregido, una frase así expresada quedaría un tanto rara en pasiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marta fue hecha sentirse como nueva por el agua fría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que normalmente se suele expresar como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marta se sintió como nueva por el agua fría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser ahora Marta el sujeto de la oración, comprobamos que en la oración original su papel es el de &lt;strong&gt;complemento directo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El truco de pasarla a pasiva suele dar buenos resultados, sólo que a veces la construcción pasiva no es obvia e incluso en algunos casos directamente no existe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, una pista puede ser que los complementos indirectos pueden sustituir la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. El ejemplo más típico es &quot;Juan le escribió una carta a Pepe&quot; que equivale a &quot;Juan escribió una carta para Pepe&quot;. Siguiendo esta norma, que la verdad es que no sé si funciona en todos los casos, en tu ejemplo &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; no se podría sustituir por &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. Así que &quot;a Marta&quot; sería complemento directo. Si la frase fuese &quot;Marta le hizo una tarta a Elena&quot;, ahí si se podría sustituir: &quot;Marta hizo una tarta para Elena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T07:00:43.803" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18085" CreationDate="2016-09-21T14:24:30.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Marta&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;complemento &lt;em&gt;indirecto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, porque Marta no es el objeto, sino destinataria de la acción y del complemento directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí el &lt;strong&gt;verbo&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; en su sentido de &lt;em&gt;obligar&lt;/em&gt;. De acuerdo al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE, (acepción 33)&lt;/a&gt;, requiere como objeto un verbo en infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como consecuencia, el &lt;strong&gt;complemento directo&lt;/strong&gt; sería el infinitivo (&lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;). Concuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12637/carlos-alejo&quot;&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt; en que a juzgar por el diccionario, parece más correcto &lt;em&gt;sentirse&lt;/em&gt;, aunque el primero me suena por lo menos a un uso coloquial sufiententemente extendido como para no temer elegirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como nueva&lt;/em&gt; sería una frase adverbial que hace las veces de &lt;strong&gt;complemento circunstancial&lt;/strong&gt; en la frase original (&lt;em&gt;Marta se siente como nueva&lt;/em&gt;) aunque aquí se podría argumentar que complementa al objeto (CD). La definición del DLE de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como&lt;/a&gt; sugiere varias alternativas en las que esa palabra podría actuar como pronombre relativo, quizá con alguna palabra omitida (como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hombre_nuevo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt; nueva&lt;/a&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;si fuera&lt;/em&gt; nueva) o con &lt;em&gt;nueva&lt;/em&gt; actuando como adjetivo sustantivado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T16:31:27.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2016-09-21T17:00:10.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi aporte para complementar lo ya dicho (que, en realidad, ya es suficiente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/frec/10000_formas.TXT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;10.000 palabras más frecuentes&lt;/a&gt; (entre las que no se encuentra el famoso &lt;em&gt;murciélago&lt;/em&gt;), considerando sólo las que tienen &lt;strong&gt;las 5 vocales sin repetirse&lt;/strong&gt; y quitando todas las 'u' mudas, obtenemos las siguientes 23 palabras, en orden de frecuencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;educación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comunidades&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entusiasmo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;auténtico(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regulación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;educativo(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;refugiado (refugiados, refugiando)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estudiado (estudiados, estudiando)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;republicano(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;agricultores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;secundario(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mantuvieron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acudieron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vestuario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;superación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;euforia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;denunciado (denunciados, denunciando)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comunicarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ecuación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anticuerpo(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;precaución&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;concurrencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T17:00:10.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-21T17:47:57.337" Score="9" ViewCount="55637" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve investigando sobre los &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;5 sabores básicos que puede sentir el humano&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;En particular los que me interesa traducir y llegar a consenso son, en inglés, &lt;em&gt;bitter&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sour&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sour&lt;/em&gt; está asociado al limón, por lo tanto sí o sí va con ácido. Por eliminación, &lt;em&gt;bitter&lt;/em&gt; es amargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabor_%C3%A1cido&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de wiki en español de sabor ácido&lt;/a&gt;, se menciona agrio como sinónimo, pero no amargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabor_amargo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabor amargo&lt;/a&gt; no se menciona ni ácido ni agrio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto parece indicar que el problema está resuelto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sour: ácido, agrio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bitter: amargo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero prueben estas &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com.ar/#es/en/amargo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;traducciones de Google 'amargo'&lt;/a&gt;. ¡No debería aparecer ácido! Contradicción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora vean &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/amargo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada de 'amargo'&lt;/a&gt;, citando &lt;em&gt;amargar&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo (incorrectamente) de acidular y agriar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, en español, ¿somos coherentes en este sentido, o no somos tan rigurosos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que comentaron @Rodrigo y @Rafael que acido y amargo NO son lo mismo como sabores, pero como adjetivos de personas, peyorativos, sí pueden usarse similarmente. Lo cual no explica la entrada del diccionario de mas arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traduccion de Google contradictoria con mis ideas la dejo como evidencia de que hay tendencia a confundir/no ser rigurosos en la diferencia, aunque reconozco, no es nada autoritario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T08:25:49.017" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T15:07:20.523" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre agrio, ácido y amargo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18089" CreationDate="2016-09-21T18:09:14.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad, &quot;sour&quot; es agrio y &quot;acid&quot; es ácido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entonces tendrías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ácido&lt;/strong&gt; - acidic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amargo&lt;/strong&gt; - bitter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;agrio&lt;/strong&gt; - sour&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, se usa ácido como sinónimo de agrio tanto en español como en inglés, que para estas cosas es un poco más laxo que el español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T15:14:24.910" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T15:14:24.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18082" CreationDate="2016-09-21T18:15:00.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay predominancia del mixto, por cuestiones (presumo) estéticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13669" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T18:15:00.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18094" CreationDate="2016-09-21T23:50:12.137" Score="2" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/make-me-blush.638966/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) at least 2 different ways of translating &lt;em&gt;to someone do something&lt;/em&gt;, one involves &lt;strong&gt;irse&lt;/strong&gt; and the other &lt;strong&gt;hacerse&lt;/strong&gt;. Let's take the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You make me blush.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me vas a sonrojar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me haces sonrojar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, which of the above two constructs enjoys better currency in the streets? If there's a regional preference, what do the Mexicans or Latin Americans prefer? Also, is there any other translation that is preferred over either of the two? I have also come across &lt;strong&gt;me pones sonrojo&lt;/strong&gt;. Is the &lt;strong&gt;poner&lt;/strong&gt; construct preferable if the second verb (&lt;em&gt;blush&lt;/em&gt; in this case) can be expressed as an adjective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1979" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T17:29:29.933" Title="Which one is preferable between &quot;irse a + infinitive&quot; and &quot;hacerse + infinitive&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18093" CreationDate="2016-09-22T07:46:32.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me vas a sonrojar.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;This is future, not happened already&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me haces sonrojar.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;This is present, you already do it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me pones sonrojar.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Never listened that. But &quot;Me pones roja&quot; o &quot;Me voy  a poner roja&quot; it's used too, and means the same as the other two. First in present, and second in future.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are usually used and are correct, but I think in latin America they used the word &quot;colorado&quot; instead of sonrojado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me voy a poner colorada&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Future, referring to something happened&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me vas a poner colorada&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Future, referring something you do&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me estoy poniendo colorada&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Present&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T07:46:32.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18097" CreationDate="2016-09-22T07:54:54.410" Score="5" ViewCount="2525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to understand the difference between &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;suyo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SpanishDict has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100720/suyo-y-su-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the same question&lt;/a&gt;, but the lack of upvotes on their answers and even comments quizzing the accuracy of some of the answers has left me unsure of the validity of the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will assume the answer from their site is correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;su is a possessive adjective and suya is a possessive pronoun.When you use suya it would probably be preceded by the words &quot;de,&quot; or &quot;de la.&quot; When using su, I believe that it would usually precede the noun that it modifies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help understand the use of &lt;em&gt;suya/suyo&lt;/em&gt;, I'd like to know is there any need to learn &lt;em&gt;suya&lt;/em&gt;. Are there situations where I couldn't rephrase the sentence to use &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For clarity, I'm not trying to cheat the language, I have every intention of learning it as well as I can, but knowing this will help to understand the use case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12151" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T08:36:15.697" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T14:56:20.253" Title="How to use &quot;su&quot; and &quot;suyo&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18095" CreationDate="2016-09-22T08:20:08.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It corresponds to the distinction in English between your and yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is your car = Este es su coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is yours = Es suyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you do need suyo and its cousins mio, tuyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=============&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Edit, of course I am just using the forms you suggested but if I knew you well I would use tu and tuyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T09:10:02.170" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T09:10:02.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18095" CreationDate="2016-09-22T08:27:48.247" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to help, but there will be another person who will be able to clarify it better than me (I´m a native speaker, not a teacher).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; as a possessive indeed, for example: (Not very good ones, but only so you can understand it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conoces a Juan? Este &lt;em&gt;(coche)&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué casa quieres ir? La &lt;em&gt;(casa)&lt;/em&gt; de Juan es muy grande, podemos ir a &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;code&gt;suyo/suya&lt;/code&gt; as pronoum, omiting what we are referring to, (in this case the car and home):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conoces a Juan? Este coche es &lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué casa quieres ir? La &lt;em&gt;(casa)&lt;/em&gt; de Juan es muy grande, podemos ir a la&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;suya&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13729" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T11:24:11.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18099" CreationDate="2016-09-22T09:07:15.373" Score="4" ViewCount="26775" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensando en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18065/significado-y-uso-de-tuercebotas&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuercebotas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; se me ocurrió que podría tener alguna relación con &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mastuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (por el &quot;&lt;em&gt;torcer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que parecen tener en común).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el DRAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OZZoWsq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mastuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;nastuerzo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Planta herbácea anual, hortense, de la familia de las crucíferas, con tallo de 30 a 60 cm de altura, hojas inferiores recortadas, y lineales las superiores, con flores blancas y fruto seco capsular con dos semillas. Vive en España, América del Norte y América Central, es comestible y tiene usos en medicina tradicional.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. berro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. &lt;strong&gt;majadero&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ hombre necio y porfiado). U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QHJpuUm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nastuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;nasturtium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. &lt;strong&gt;mastuerzo&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ planta crucífera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastuerzo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; recoge únicamente plantas (y el nombre artístico de un músico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego parece que &quot;mastuerzo&quot; se refiere a plantas crucíferas y ha adquirido (secundariamente) la acepción de &quot;majadero&quot;, lo que me lleva a la pregunta que planteo: ¿cómo adquirió el significado de &quot;majadero&quot; (que creo que es el más utilizado de los tres)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T01:37:23.247" LastActivityDate="2020-12-25T04:55:23.060" Title="¿Por qué &quot;mastuerzo&quot; adquirió el significado de &quot;majadero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18098" CreationDate="2016-09-22T10:12:54.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo dar una respuesta exacta, pero esta pregunta es de las que me gustan, así que no puedo dejar de comentar lo que he descubierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rastreando el término en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuevo Tesoro Lexicográfico&lt;/a&gt;, se puede comprobar que la primera edición del diccionario de la RAE en la que aparece la acepción es la de 1852, en la que se dice que significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;necio, torpe, majadero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=mastuerzo&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cmastuerzo%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bmastuerzo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMastuerzo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMASTUERZO%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;buscando por Ngram&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado un texto, &quot;El Aljibe de la gitana&quot;, de 1872, en el que se puede leer que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] todos los que conocen bien el español, saben que la palabra mastuerzo, es una calificación vulgar equivalente a esta otra: alma de cántaro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única pista que he encontrado sobre el posible origen del calificativo está en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1996/diccionario-de-autoridades&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/a&gt;, que en su tomo IV de 1734 se pone como ejemplo de uso de la palabra mastuerzo esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mastuerzo enciende mucho, y da dolor de cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, lo más probable es que en algún momento se empezara a comparar a determinado tipo de personas con los efectos que produce el mastuerzo, del tipo &quot;Fulano es tan necio que me provoca el mismo dolor de cabeza que el mastuerzo&quot;. Pero esto último ya es una suposición mía, no he podido encontrar ningún documento escrito al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad es que mientras buscaba por Ngram vi algunos tratados de botánica y de huertas que dicen que el cultivo del mastuerzo es fácil. Así pues, es posible que la planta del mastuerzo se encontrara con facilidad en el campo y que tenga una cierta terquedad en aferrarse a la vida, de lo que se podría también establecer la relación con el insulto (por lo de &quot;porfiado&quot;, que significa &quot;terco y obstinado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T12:05:06.077" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T12:05:06.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-22T10:22:42.093" Score="4" ViewCount="1187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda recurrente, que me surge a menudo en temas relacionados con mi profesión, que es la ingeniería, y que me imagino que en otras disciplinas también sucederá. En mi día a día debo emplear bastantes tecnicismos, y es muy habitual que la palabra que suele usar la gente no esté recogida en el diccionario de la RAE, por lo que a veces es difícil saber cuál es la palabra más adecuada que se debe emplear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos casos, estos tecnicismos no son más que traducciones directas del inglés, y suelen tener una alternativa en español que no se usa debido a la popularidad que alcanza la primera. Esta situación para mi es fácil de resolver, y siempre que soy consciente utilizo la opción española, ya que no está justificado el uso de la otra si se desea hablar correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen otros casos de palabras que no existen en la RAE pero creo que sí que se deberían dar por correctos, como es el caso de los tecnicismos de la ciencia de los materiales, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martensita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Martensita&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austenita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Austenita&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones es difícil saber si la palabra técnica que se está usando es correcta o si existe una alternativa. Estos días me surgió esta duda con la palabra que se debe usar para referirse a la acción de cambiar de tamaño una imagen. En internet son muy populares las palabras &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;reescalar&lt;/em&gt;. Además, múltiples programas informáticos también las emplean, pero ninguna figura en el diccionario de la RAE. En inglés, por ejemplo, sí que existe la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/resize&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;resize&lt;/a&gt; para designar a esta acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da la sensación de que no existe un criterio unificado, cuando se emplean estas palabras, en cuanto a cuál es la mejor opción si se desea escribir correctamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber la opinión de otra gente y si realmente sí que existe alguna herramienta para resolver este tipo de conflictos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13117" LastEditorUserId="13117" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T15:16:02.710" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T15:16:02.710" Title="Tecnicismos: ¿Dónde está el límite entre lo correcto y lo incorrecto?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18100" CreationDate="2016-09-22T11:11:19.893" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto que en muchas ocasiones los tecnicismos no vienen reflejados en el DRAE, pero para eso existen los diccionarios técnicos. Yo trabajo de informático y he hecho software para diversos sectores, desde la sanidad hasta el naval, y en este último hay una cantidad de vocabulario técnico increíble, que no suele venir reflejado en diccionarios corrientes o, si vienen reflejado, no suele ser con la acepción específica del sector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a términos más corrientes, como el que propones de &lt;em&gt;resize&lt;/em&gt;, sí que es cierto que el DRAE no recoge el término &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt;, pero sí que recoge por un lado &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DnCIBKL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dimensionar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (determinar las dimensiones de algo) y por otro &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VFxyLmQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;re-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (significa 'repetición'). El hecho de que &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt; no venga en el DRAE es porque es un término de significado transparente. Puedes ver más sobre términos de significado opaco o transparente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17451/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a otra pregunta. Resumiendo, los términos que se construyen con prefijos o sufijos añadidos a otros términos, y cuyo significado es obvio conociendo el significado de todas las partes, no entran en el DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;redimensionar&lt;/strong&gt; me parece un término muy correcto para traducir &lt;em&gt;resize&lt;/em&gt;, ya que significa &quot;volver a determinar las dimensiones de algo&quot; si sumamos los significados de las partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T11:11:19.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18100" CreationDate="2016-09-22T12:42:56.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo de lo largo y formal de tu escrito, podrías agregar una sección para la definición de términos (glosario).  El español es un lenguaje vivo y la RAE publica nuevas palabras aceptadas regularmente.  Estas palabras provienen del uso popular o de la necesidad de incluir nuevos conceptos en nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T12:42:56.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18100" CreationDate="2016-09-22T12:59:33.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option for the general case might be to use n-grams to see what use is being made of the terms. I am not sure how Google n-gram viewer works with Spanish verbs but just entering the terms you suggested makes &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt; the clear winner over &lt;em&gt;reescalar&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;resize&lt;/em&gt; nowhere. I was taught as a child never to use a foreign phrase when there was an English equivalent so I sympathise with your desire to avoid unnecessary anglicisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=======&lt;br&gt;&#xA;edit: it seems Google n-gram viewer know even less about Spanish verbs than I do so you also have to ask about &lt;em&gt;redimensionado&lt;/em&gt; and so on to get a full picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T15:05:10.843" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T15:05:10.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18095" CreationDate="2016-09-22T14:56:20.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another case where you need &lt;em&gt;suyo&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;suya&lt;/em&gt; is when you want to use a possessive and an (indefinite) article at the same time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién es? Es un amigo suyo. (It's a friend of his)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;versus the more specific&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es su amigo. (It's his friend)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter sentence is almost equivalent to &lt;em&gt;Es el amigo suyo&lt;/em&gt;, but not being a native or a teacher, I'm not 100% sure!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1841" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T14:56:20.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18106" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-22T19:36:21.790" Score="9" ViewCount="18635" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en el idioma español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se suele &quot;decir la verdad&quot;, pero, ¿se cuenta con algún verbo (simple, y no compuesto), que pueda suplir dicha expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8347" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T19:39:16.957" LastActivityDate="2020-05-21T14:33:20.563" Title="¿Cuál es el antónimo de mentir?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18106" CreationDate="2016-09-22T21:54:54.853" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de un rato dándole vueltas, no he podido encontrar el antónimo buscado ni en el español actual ni en diccionarios anteriores. Tampoco encuentro ni en inglés, francés o italiano un verbo que simplemente signifique &quot;decir la verdad&quot;. Pero el caso es que ni siquiera parece haberlo en latín. Lo más que encuentro son aproximaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/afirmar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Afirmar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/aseverar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aseverar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/certificar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Certificar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/corroborar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corroborar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/sincerar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sincerar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más cercano que he encontrado podría ser &lt;em&gt;confesar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/confesar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confesar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. mediev. &lt;em&gt;confessare&lt;/em&gt;, y este der. del lat. &lt;em&gt;confessus&lt;/em&gt; 'confeso'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de una persona: Expresar voluntariamente sus actos, ideas o sentimientos verdaderos. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pega es que ni estos ni ningún otro verbo de significado similar son intransitivos, como lo es el verbo &lt;em&gt;mentir&lt;/em&gt;. Y además todos ellos tienen alguna particularidad en su significado que hace que no sean antónimos exactos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si los anteriores verbos no son lo suficientemente válidos como antónimo de &lt;em&gt;mentir&lt;/em&gt;, propongo la creación de un nuevo verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veritar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;veritas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Decir o manifestar lo que se sabe, cree o piensa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-05-13T07:31:59.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-13T07:31:59.607" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18109" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18111" CreationDate="2016-09-23T00:50:45.453" Score="1" ViewCount="1844" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;por&quot; used much more commonly? Are there any estimates of percent (e.g. &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is used 70% of the time while &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; is used 30% of the time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13745" LastEditorUserId="13652" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T14:40:11.913" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T14:40:11.913" Title="What is the relative frequency of &quot;por&quot; vs &quot;para&quot; in the spanish language?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-09-26T07:01:08.697" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18109" CreationDate="2016-09-23T03:35:41.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vistawide.com/spanish/top_100_spanish_words.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; is used more than &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por&lt;/strong&gt; is the 12th most used word in the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para&lt;/strong&gt; is the 15th.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes sense because &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/por&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is only a preposition, while &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; serves many more purposes.  If something only serves one purpose, it's going to be used a lot, like definite and indefinite articles; you're never going to see them used as anything else, and that's why the number one used word in Spanish is &lt;code&gt;el/la&lt;/code&gt;, just as in English, the most common word is &lt;code&gt;the&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T03:35:41.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18109" CreationDate="2016-09-23T06:41:43.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The current absolute frequency of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish texts is around 0.81%, and 0.57 for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the former is used 59% of the time while the latter is used 41% of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=por%2Cpara&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cpor%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bpor%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BPor%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cpara%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bpara%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BPara%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngrams&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nDM07.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nDM07.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T07:15:10.513" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T07:15:10.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:44:10.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La razón es que &lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;agradar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo intransitivo. Lo cual quiere quiere decir que no necesita un objeto directo. Entonces, pocas veces verás oraciones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo gusto de ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sentido más estricto, la oración de arriba sería incorrecta. Para poder usar el verbo en una construcción transitiva, se deben anteponer pronombres átonos (&lt;em&gt;me, nos, te, os, se, le, les&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me gustan las naranjas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me gusta su plática.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   A los mexicanos nos gusta la comida con picante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¡cuidado! no se puede usar &lt;em&gt;lo, la, los, las.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado,  como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;preferir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;apetecer&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;paladear&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo transitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Gusta otra bebida?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy a comer, ¿gustas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Gusta comer ahora? o ¿más tarde?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Gustas que te lleve? o ¿caminarás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Gusto un vino tinto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T07:43:40.520" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T07:43:40.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18109" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:44:36.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;These two prepositions when interchangeable in some cases, in most of them they are not.  As a rule of thumb, let me prove it with these explanatory examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;POR&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; hago por ti (in your honor) [&lt;em&gt;non-physical complement&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy rezando por ti (You can't say &quot;estoy rezando para ti&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;PARA&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; hago para ti (I'm doing this to give it to you) [&lt;em&gt;physical complement&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy escribiendo un poema para ti (You can't say &quot;Estoy escribiendo in poema por ti&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are cases where &quot;por&quot; and &quot;para&quot; are interchangeable like in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy estudiando por/para algo. You can find this phrase with both prepositions. Cause &quot;por algo&quot; (for something) is frequently used to specify that something isn't random, to specify that something is made for some reason.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. So the question should be when do we use &quot;por&quot; and when we use &quot;para&quot; and in which exceptions we can use both. Cause otherwise you are asking for the &lt;em&gt;relative frequency&lt;/em&gt; of two preps that are in most cases used for different things. I hope I made it clear to you, cause this, in particular, is not an easy topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T07:44:36.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18117" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:46:41.750" Score="4" ViewCount="1296" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider those two examples : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;cantar&quot;, which is written &quot;canto&quot; (present, first person) or &quot;cantó&quot; (simple past, third person). &lt;strong&gt;Is the pronunciation different in those two cases?&lt;/strong&gt; According to one rule that I've seen, the accents in verbs conjugations is purely grammatical, and should not affect the pronunciation. However in this example I have the feeling that there is a difference in pronunciation. &lt;strong&gt;What is the correct rule?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;callarse&quot; (the accent is on the &quot;ar&quot;) is conjugated &quot;cállate&quot; (imperative, second person). &lt;strong&gt;Should we put the accent on the syllable &quot;cá&quot; as indicated by the accent or on the syllable &quot;lla&quot;, following the standard rule and taking into account that the &quot;á&quot; is purely grammatical?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13643" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T12:56:49.460" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T15:49:34.237" Title="Written accent in verbs" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18106" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:55:27.803" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizaría la forma reflexiva del verbo &lt;em&gt;sincerar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwnJ9KX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sincerarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2. prnl. Hablar sinceramente con alguien, especialmente contándole algo que se mantenía oculto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Incluso así, no es un antónimo exacto de mentir ni es un verbo simple (verbo reflexivo) pero puede valer dependiendo de la ocasión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T14:29:10.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18122" CreationDate="2016-09-23T12:52:50.997" Score="3" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate &quot;break our spirits&quot; but I know the literal translation &quot;romper nuestros espíritus&quot; does not sound natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could it be translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T09:44:14.580" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T09:44:14.580" Title="How can &quot;break our spirits&quot; be translated into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18114" CreationDate="2016-09-23T15:14:22.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should pronounce the verbs in a different way.&#xA;That's why the accent is put. If you pronounce cantó without changing the way you pronounce it, it is not clear if you mean Yo canto (I sing) or ella cantó (She sang).&#xA;In the second example you gave, the pronunciation changes too depending where the accent is put.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13695" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T15:49:34.237" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T15:49:34.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18121" CreationDate="2016-09-23T16:31:20.447" Score="9" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish word &lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;there is/are&lt;/strong&gt;, however it comes from the present indicative &lt;em&gt;impersonal&lt;/em&gt; third-person for of the verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When constructing most impersonal phrases such as &quot;&lt;em&gt;one must&lt;/em&gt;&quot; - &quot;&lt;em&gt;se debe&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you take the impersonal pronoun &quot;se&quot; and follow it with the verb in the third-person (e.g. &quot;debe&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; not follow the pattern of other impersonal formations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this down to its &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/hay&quot;&gt;etymology&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T18:13:10.980" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:13:10.980" Title="Why does &quot;hay&quot; have no pronoun?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;haber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18120" CreationDate="2016-09-23T18:04:41.437" Score="2" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish. In my text book it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;qué = what?&#xA;&#xA;para qué es eso = what's that for?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does one example use &quot;&lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;&quot; and the other does not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T19:37:36.440" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T19:37:36.440" Title="para que vs que" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18119" CreationDate="2016-09-23T19:19:58.040" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is the same as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What? = ¿que?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What for ? = ¿para qué ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;para&amp;quot; is a preposition that in this case gives the sentence the meaning of &amp;quot;purpose&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;an end&amp;quot; and is equivalent in most cases to the english preposition &amp;quot;for&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same way sometimes it denotes &amp;quot;direction&amp;quot; like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿dónde? = where?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿para dónde? = which way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and another similar case is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿quién? = who?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿para quién? = for whom?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the most common meanings but it has many others that you will learn slowly but if you want to take a look at the RAE dictionary here is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rp1CuT2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T19:35:37.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18118" CreationDate="2016-09-23T20:24:22.100" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it doesn't have anything to do with its etymology, although it's an interesting one. It's just that &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jv4Frsm%7CJv5KhSK&quot;&gt;haber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is an impersonal verb &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;. Follow the previous link and look for the meanings marked as &quot;impers.&quot;. You need to use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; when using a non-impersonal verb (such as &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;) in an impersonal sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meanings of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; in such sentences are these ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;impers. Estar realmente en alguna parte. &lt;em&gt;Haber veinte personas en una reunión. Haber poco dinero en la caja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;impers. Hallarse o existir real o figuradamente. &lt;em&gt;Hay hombres sin caridad. Hay razones en apoyo de tu dictamen.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/?q=impers.&quot;&gt;many impersonal verbs&lt;/a&gt;, most of them being related to the weather: &lt;em&gt;llover, nevar, granizar, atardecer, diluviar, brisar&lt;/em&gt;, and so on. None of them need the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to form sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you still need to use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; when the verb is not used in any of its impersonal meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se ha de venir bien vestido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the last example, the meaning is not impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;aux. U. con infinitivo que denota deber, conveniencia o necesidad de realizar lo expresado por dicho infinitivo. &lt;em&gt;He DE salir temprano. Habré DE conformarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T20:30:22.373" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T20:30:22.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18116" CreationDate="2016-09-23T21:44:12.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser traducida como &quot;quebrantar nuestro espíritu&quot; (sí, en singular pues se refiere a un grupo), &quot;quebrantar nuestro ánimo&quot;.  Con un poco más de libertad, yo lo traduciría como &quot;quebrantar nuestra determinación&quot;.  &quot;They are trying to break our spirits&quot; podría ser también traducido como &quot;Están tratando de desmoralizarnos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="13722" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T22:00:52.510" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T22:00:52.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-24T08:45:31.530" Score="7" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modern Spanish's &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; has the following etymology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;From ha, third-person singular present of haber ‎(“to have”), + i, from Latin ibī ‎(“there”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hay#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the other tenses' equivalent of &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;'había'&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;'habrá'&lt;/em&gt;, have no such trailing 'y' or 'i'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this, do they have separate etymologies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T22:44:04.107" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T22:44:04.107" Title="Why do 'había' and 'habrá' not have trailing 'i/y's?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18133" CreationDate="2016-09-24T20:54:15.860" Score="6" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina we use the word &quot;cuerina&quot; to refer to something I have the below clues, it's called &quot;imitation leather&quot; in english. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no &quot;cuerina&quot; wikipedia article in the Spanish Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/cuerina.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; suggests it's translated &quot;imitation leather&quot; many times and once as &quot;synthetic leather&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if this concept coincides or it is only a subset of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_leather&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;artificial leather&lt;/a&gt;. There is no spanish article for artifitial leather, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/traducir/espanol-ingles/cuerina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;According to this&lt;/a&gt; &quot;pleather&quot; is another possibility, and this is close to the previous wiki link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T07:40:29.733" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T12:07:42.233" Title="Is &quot;cuerina&quot; ≈ &quot;artificial leather&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18123" CreationDate="2016-09-25T11:38:23.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two possible theories I can't prove, just from my own imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nebrija.com/revista-linguistica/fundamento-teorico-de-un-modelo-para-trabajar-los-verbos-haber-estar-y-ser-en-el-aula-de-ele&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;etymology&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt; → &quot;ha y&quot; (literally &lt;em&gt;he has there&lt;/em&gt;). The first theory is that other tenses also used the trailing &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt;, but only the present tense ended up incorporating the trail into the form and generating &lt;em&gt;ha i&lt;/em&gt; and then &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; because of the similarities in the pronunciation of the words. The other tenses just suppressed the trailing &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt; or simply didn't incorporate it because there was no cacophony. This could be from a similar (but not the same) &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishetym.com/term/oy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;process&lt;/a&gt; that generated &lt;em&gt;soy, doy, estoy&lt;/em&gt; and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second theory is that if you think about it, you only can &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; that something is in a given place (&quot;there&quot;) in the present tense. You are seeing an object there and thus you can say &lt;em&gt;there is&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ha hi&lt;/em&gt;). In other tenses, e.g. &lt;em&gt;había, hubo, habrá&lt;/em&gt;, you cannot be sure that the object was (or will be) there, so you couldn't say &lt;em&gt;había hi&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;habrá hi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sorry I can't prove these theories, but I hope this will give an starting point to investigate further. Nonetheless, if I discover something else I'll come back and add it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another clue: this is written in the &lt;em&gt;Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; (circa 1200):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Catando estan a Myo Çid &lt;strong&gt;quantos ha en la cort&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a la barba que auie luenga e presa con el cordon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So back then you could say &quot;ha&quot; in the sense of the nowadays &quot;hay&quot;, so the creation of the latter must have happened after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T12:53:24.640" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T12:53:24.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18131" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-25T14:15:23.747" Score="0" ViewCount="724" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm saying the following sentence, do I use &quot;lo&quot; or &quot;la&quot; for the direct object pronoun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi casa es grande. Lo/la tiene tres pisos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;My house is pretty. It has three floors.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13767" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T09:45:35.157" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T09:45:35.157" Title="Direct object pronouns: &quot;Lo&quot; or &quot;La&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18131" CreationDate="2016-09-25T16:13:44.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that sentence, &quot;it&quot; is the subject, not the direct object. So the correct word would be &quot;ella&quot; (casa is femenine) but we don't say it (accademy says not to use any gender pronouns when talking about things):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi casa es grande. (Ella) tiene tres pisos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct object pronouns &quot;lo&quot; and &quot;la&quot; are used when replacing the direct object, never the subject. In English the subject and the DO pronoun for the third neutral person is the same, it. It's easier if you use masculine or femenine third person in your examples because they change (he/him, she/her). For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've seen her. La he visto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I killed him. Lo maté. &lt;em&gt;(Here, you can use &quot;le&quot; because it's an&#xA;  acceptable case of &quot;leísmo&quot;, but the correct form is &quot;lo&quot;).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's also easy to confuse the direct with the indirect object. And there are no difference in English words as there is in Spanish (and you should try Basque, even harder). In &lt;em&gt;&quot;I told him that&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, the DO is &quot;that&quot; and &quot;him&quot; is the indirect. The correct translation here would be &lt;em&gt;&quot;(Yo) Le dije eso&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest trick to find the DO is to ask &quot;what&quot; to the verb. Sometimes it's more a who than a what, but changing the phrase a little will work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've seen her. I've seen a flower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What have you seen? Her (a movie, a flower...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I killed him. I killed the wolf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What did you kill? Him (a wolf, a snake...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastEditorUserId="13563" LastEditDate="2016-09-25T21:09:56.437" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T21:09:56.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18126" CreationDate="2016-09-25T16:39:47.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first place to look for a word in Spanish should be the DRAE and not the Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BadneCq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cuerina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;cuero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Arg., Hond. y Ur. Material sintético fino que se usa en el calzado de mala calidad y en muebles como sustituto del cuero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, &lt;em&gt;cuerina&lt;/em&gt; seems to be some kind of artificial or synthetic leather. Besides, if some term happens to be missing from the dictionary, you can always look for its root, prefixes or suffixes. In this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LhBJAGL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;-ino, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-īnus&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-ĭnus&lt;/em&gt;, lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;-īnus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Designa materia o semejanza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should also give a clue that &lt;em&gt;cuerina&lt;/em&gt; is some material similar to &lt;em&gt;cuero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-25T16:50:00.850" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T16:50:00.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2016-09-25T18:54:45.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/1993/01/25&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Una famosa tirilla de &lt;em&gt;Calvin &amp;amp; Hobbes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; nos dice: &quot;verbing weirds language&quot; (&quot;el verbear rarea la lengua&quot;): el usar como verbos palabras que no lo son hace parecer rara la la lengua.  Pero en realidad eso es falso en inglés y cierto en español, ya que es una construcción muy común en la una lengua pero no la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente un factor de relevancia es que en inglés (y las otras lengua germánicas) es más común que los verbos expresen la &lt;em&gt;manera&lt;/em&gt; en que se lleva a cabo una acción, mientras que en las lenguas románicas es menos común.  Los ejemplos clásicos se refieren al modo que se expresa la &lt;em&gt;manera&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;dirección&lt;/em&gt; del movimiento en ambas familias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mary ran out.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calcado al español: &quot;María corrió hacia/hasta afuera.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María salió corriendo.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calcado al inglés: &quot;Mary exited by running.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una oración como &lt;em&gt;Voy a &quot;youtubear&quot; una película filipina&lt;/em&gt;, se puede notar que el verbo intenta expresar la manera en que vemos la película. Cosa menos común en español que en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale notar marginalmente que &lt;em&gt;María corrió hacia/hasta afuera&lt;/em&gt; no capta el sentido preciso de &lt;em&gt;Mary ran out&lt;/em&gt;, que igual como &lt;em&gt;María salió corriendo&lt;/em&gt; implica que no se detuvo antes de llegar afuera, y que posiblemente continuó corriendo después de salir.  En algunos dialectos españoles sin embargo hay &lt;em&gt;María corrió para afuera&lt;/em&gt; (o más popularmente &lt;em&gt;corrió pa' fuera&lt;/em&gt;) con el sentido preciso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También vale notar que &lt;em&gt;María salió corriendo&lt;/em&gt; es una oración ambigua con dos sentidos—&lt;em&gt;salió&lt;/em&gt; puede referirse a un verdadero movimiento de salir de un espacio, o puede tener un sentido puramente &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspecto_gramatical&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aspectual&lt;/a&gt;.  En el ejemplo arriba el sentido al que me refiero es el primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13442" LastEditorUserId="13442" LastEditDate="2016-09-25T19:06:27.390" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T19:06:27.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18116" CreationDate="2016-09-25T20:25:03.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following is a translation of &quot;broken spirit&quot;, but you get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salmos 51:17Reina-Valera 1960 (RVR1960)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;17 Los sacrificios de Dios son el espíritu quebrantado;&#xA;Al corazón contrito y humillado no despreciarás tú, oh Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;quebrantar nuestros espiritus&quot; would be understood in many contexts, where Bible phrasing is commonly understood.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T20:25:03.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18123" CreationDate="2016-09-25T23:33:02.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with CarlosAlejo with regard to something being &lt;em&gt;there&lt;/em&gt; in the present tense. I found further reference about the origin of the verb and the modifications it suffered in the interesting volume &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/morfologadelver00lancgoog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Morfología del verbo castellano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by Rufino Lanchetas, which was published in 1897 but is nevertheless full of useful information. Regarding the verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; it says, among other things, &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/morfologadelver00lancgoog#page/n203/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indicative present.— First person.—&lt;/strong&gt; In relation with its Latin origin&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt; and the uniformity of the radical, and according&#xA;  to the seventh phonetic rule, it should be &lt;em&gt;habo&lt;/em&gt;. This form is not&#xA;  found in any period in the history of Spanish , and we should look&#xA;  elsewhere to expain it. The first person, &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt;, as well as Subjunctive&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;habeam&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;habeas&lt;/em&gt; had, from the time of the Gracchi, the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; in the&#xA;  formative suffix changed into an &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, thus instead of &lt;em&gt;habeas&lt;/em&gt; and&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;habeat&lt;/em&gt; we find &lt;em&gt;habias&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;habiat&lt;/em&gt; [...] So [...] the Latin form&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt; first became &lt;em&gt;habio&lt;/em&gt;. With the &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; lost as per the sixth phonetic&#xA;  rule, we should have got &lt;em&gt;haio&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;habias&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;hayas&lt;/em&gt;. This form&#xA;  is likewise not to be found in Neo-Latin languages — we can only say&#xA;  that for reasons unknown the &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; was dropped, thus giving us&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt;, a form that is found in Provençal, French and Asturian.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Hai&lt;/em&gt; became &lt;em&gt;hei&lt;/em&gt;, as retained in Portuguese and Galician. Spanish went&#xA;  one step beyond and, as in &lt;em&gt;sei&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;amei&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;amé&lt;/em&gt;, went through&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;hei&lt;/em&gt; = * &lt;em&gt;hee&lt;/em&gt; and came from a very early time to establish &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; both in&#xA;  the present tense as well as in the future derived from it. Phonetic&#xA;  process: &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habio&lt;/em&gt;, * &lt;em&gt;haio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hei&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hee&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subjunctive.—&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Every form in this mood can be explained by the same process used for the first person of the Indicative present, with&#xA;  the peculiarity that the forms in Subjunctive present were limited to the&#xA;  loss of the &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; and the conversion of the palatal vowel &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  into a consonant. Their phonetic process has been as follows:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;habeat&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habiat&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt;, and the same in the other persons. The form &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt; is very old: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Desto que ellos fablaron nos&#xA;  parte non ayamos.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Poem of El Cid&lt;/em&gt;.) [...]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Indicative third person singular present gets a paragogic &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; when&#xA;  used as unipersonal [impersonal?] meaning &quot;to exist&quot; or &quot;to have&quot;, e.g.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hay Dios.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; Its origin may be traced back to the 15th century when some&#xA;  monosyllabic forms got the addition of the mentioned paragogic &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, such as&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;soy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;voy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doy&lt;/em&gt;. [Could this conflict with the etymology of &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; as&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;ibi&lt;/em&gt;?]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second group: past imperfect (&lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habías&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habíamos&lt;/em&gt;, etc*) / future&lt;/strong&gt;   When forming these tenses based on the Infinitive, it would be&#xA;  expected for them to be &lt;em&gt;haberé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habería&lt;/em&gt;. We can sometimes find&#xA;  these full forms in ancient documents [...] [b]ut the most usual form&#xA;  at all times was the current one, with a syncope: &lt;em&gt;habré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  [...] This syncope can be explained in the same way as that in &lt;em&gt;sabré&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  and &lt;em&gt;cabré&lt;/em&gt;. It consists of the supression of the forming suffix &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  by the accent in the final &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, something helped by the former being&#xA;  unstressed and the resulting consonant group &lt;em&gt;bre&lt;/em&gt; being easy to&#xA;  articulate. Portuguese and Galician retain the full form &lt;em&gt;haverei&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;haverás&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly a lot of time has passed since this was published and perhaps it would be wise not to take it as the absolute truth, but I found no newer sources as yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some more googling, I found some more material:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 1948 article &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/04/TH_04_003_120_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una pesquisa acerca del verbo haber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, hosted at the Centro Virtual Cervantes, says that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The phonetic evolution of this verb has been perfectly researched and&#xA;  its evolutionary movement from the Latin form to the present Spanish&#xA;  one can be traced step by step. There can be neither discussion nor&#xA;  doubts about it, and it is enough to read Menéndez Pidal's &lt;em&gt;Gramática&#xA;  histórica&lt;/em&gt; to satisfy the curiosity of even the most exigent reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article, a discussion of the impersonal use of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, goes on to say:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the &lt;em&gt;Poem of El Cid&lt;/em&gt; the verb is scarcely found accompanied of the&#xA;  adverb &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hi&lt;/em&gt;, and sometimes without it, used as an&#xA;  impersonal or unipersonal verb. In such a long poem it only appears a&#xA;  couple of times:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entre Minaya — e los buenos que&lt;/em&gt; i ha [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Todos eran ricos — quantos que allí&lt;/em&gt; ha [...]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And the classic example found in every explanation of the certainly scant history of the use of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; as an impersonal verb:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tales&lt;/em&gt; i a &lt;em&gt;que prenden — tales&lt;/em&gt; i a &lt;em&gt;que non.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked for Menéndez Pidal work and found another very old edition of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/manualelementald00menuoft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manual elemental de gramática castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which says in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/manualelementald00menuoft#page/184/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;section concerning the Irregular present&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the past, &lt;em&gt;habere&lt;/em&gt; presented some forms derived from Classical&#xA;  Latin &lt;em&gt;habes&lt;/em&gt; (but not from the 1st person &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;habet&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;  &quot;ave&quot;, &quot;aves&quot;, &quot;avemos&quot;, &quot;avedes&quot;, &quot;aven&quot;. But the ones that prevailed&#xA;  were derived from a contraction this verb suffered in Vulgar Latin in&#xA;  order to make its use as an auxiliary easier, in which the stressed&#xA;  vowel and the suffix: 1st person &lt;em&gt;haio&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;heo&quot; or &quot;hey&quot; (antiquated)&#xA;  and &quot;he&quot;; 2nd person, &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;has&quot;; 3rd person, &lt;em&gt;hat&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;ha&quot;, which&#xA;  when joined with the adverb &quot;y&quot; gave the impersonal &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;; 4th person,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(hab)emus&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hemos&quot;; 5th person, &lt;em&gt;(hab)etis&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hedes&quot;, &quot;heis&quot;; 6th person, &lt;em&gt;hant&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;han&quot;. These are the forms that prevailed, duplicating&#xA;  the 4th person with &quot;habemos&quot; and reserving the 5th person for use as&#xA;  an auxiliar (&quot;amar-eis&quot; and Classical &quot;heis de estar&quot;, etc.), using&#xA;  &quot;habeis&quot; for the other cases.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Subjunctive.&lt;/strong&gt; Classical &lt;em&gt;habeam&lt;/em&gt; is clearly reflected in Asturian dialectal &lt;em&gt;eba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ebas&lt;/em&gt;, etc. The Vulgar Latin contraction &lt;em&gt;hajam&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-t&lt;/em&gt; is the one that gave the usual form &quot;haya&quot;, &quot;hayas&quot;, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Imperative.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;habe&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;ave&quot;, which was still used in Spanish Classics; &quot;habed&quot;, not used very often nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, I do not have access to modern material such as Ralph Penny's &lt;em&gt;Gramática histórica del español&lt;/em&gt;, and actually know very little about Spanish historical grammar, but it looks then like it is rather settled that the impersonal &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; is indeed the fusion of &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt; plus an adverb derived from Latin &lt;em&gt;ibi&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hic&lt;/em&gt;. With regard to that, further searching led me to an article in the much more recent book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=DiSjEvvmA7gC&amp;amp;pg=PA187&amp;amp;lpg=PA187#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuestiones de actualidad en la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that says that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The addition of -y in the 1st person Present in the irregular verbs&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; is a topic of eternal discussion in Spanish historic morphology. There are at least four hypotheses about&#xA;  its origin: analogy with the ancient form &quot;hay&quot;, &quot;hey&quot; from &lt;em&gt;habeo&lt;/em&gt;;&#xA;  agglutination of a pronominal subject (&quot;so yo&quot; &gt; &quot;soy&quot;); agglutination&#xA;  of the old adverb &quot;y&quot; from &lt;em&gt;ibi/hic&lt;/em&gt; as in &quot;ha&quot; + &quot;y&quot; &gt; &quot;hay&quot;; and&#xA;  addition of a paragogic vowel (&quot;soe&quot; &gt; &quot;soy&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I have been superficially looking at, not many scholars have tackled the question — one who did was Joel Rini in his book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=U0Uqd56ZwDYC&amp;amp;pg=PA149#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Exploring the Role of Morphology in the Evolution of Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which has a section on &quot;the &lt;em&gt;-y&lt;/em&gt; of Spanish &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Basically, he questions current theories and points out that the -y appears only in present tense and is a suffix instead of being in front of the verb, unlike in French, Catalan and Italian (&lt;em&gt;il y avait&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hi havia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ci era&lt;/em&gt;), and also gives examples in which the joined form &lt;em&gt;ay&lt;/em&gt; is used together with the adverb &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, such as  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et daquel Jnfant Theseo que fue muy buen uaron &amp;amp; de muchos et muy&#xA;  grandes fechos que fizo Egeo esse Rey de Athenas uos contaremos&#xA;  adelant en sos logares de muchas &amp;amp; grandes razones que &lt;strong&gt;ay y&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  dellos. (Alfonso X, &lt;em&gt;General Estoria&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He goes on to argue that the origin of &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; might be found in the subjunctive &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt; and not in the addition of the adverb &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;/em&gt;. On the other hand, he points out that researcher Érica C. García argued that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] the agglutination of &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; occurred only in the present tense&#xA;  because of the much higher frequency of the existential use of &lt;em&gt;haver&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  in in this tense: &quot;The reinterpretation of &lt;em&gt;aver&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; took place,&#xA;  however, only in the Present Indicative — far and away the most&#xA;  frequent tense for the existential use of the verb, especially in&#xA;  spoken language.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A long article (in Spanish) about the state of the question of the final &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Doy, estoy, hay, soy y voy: cinco monosílabos con una terminación extraparadigmática. Estado de la cuestión.&quot;) can be found in the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=BOCCectxyHUC&amp;amp;pg=PA307#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estudios de historiografía lingüística&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T13:42:09.800" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:42:09.800" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18139" CreationDate="2016-09-26T09:34:55.180" Score="9" ViewCount="3369" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha llamado la atención el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-érrimo/a&lt;/em&gt; para construir superlativos. Aunque dicho sufijo no viene recogido en el DRAE, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QukPvocyjJRvxkhH&quot;&gt;capítulo 7.4&lt;/a&gt; de la Nueva Gramática se dedica a estos y otros sufijos de grado extremo, y concretamente el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fuHKgByqxgXhPKzz&quot;&gt;epígrafe 7.4n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando información llegué a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/-%C3%A9rrima,_-%C3%A9rrimo&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt;, donde se listan una serie de adjetivos recogidos en el DRAE con esta terminación. Se incluyen pulquérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;pulcro&lt;/em&gt;), paupérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;/em&gt;), aspérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;áspero&lt;/em&gt;), celebérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;célebre&lt;/em&gt;), salubérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;salubre&lt;/em&gt;), libérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;libre&lt;/em&gt;), misérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;mísero&lt;/em&gt;), nigérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt;), integérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;íntegro&lt;/em&gt;), acérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;acre&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;agrio&lt;/em&gt;) y ubérrimo (de &lt;em&gt;abundante&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que me llamó la atención fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0OG9QQQ&quot;&gt;acérrimo, ma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. acerrĭmus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. sup. de acre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Muy fuerte, vigoroso o tenaz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Intransigente, fanático, extremado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &lt;em&gt;acre&lt;/em&gt; a la que se hace referencia es esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0aiE409&quot;&gt;acre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. acer, acris. Sup. irreg. acérrimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Áspero y picante al gusto y al olfato, como el sabor y el olor del ajo, del fósforo, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho del genio o de las palabras: Áspero y desabrido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Med. Dicho del calor febril: Acompañado de una sensación como de picor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usan expresiones como &quot;enemigo acérrimo&quot; o &quot;defensor acérrimo&quot; se suelen usar apelando a la segunda o tercera acepción de &lt;em&gt;acérrimo&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;strong&gt;¿qué tiene que ver un carácter fuerte, vigoroso o tenaz con tener un carácter áspero o desabrido? ¿Cómo llegó a adquirir &quot;acérrimo&quot; dicha acepción?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T16:22:18.690" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T16:22:18.690" Title="¿Qué tiene que ver &quot;acérrimo&quot; (aplicado a personas) con &quot;acre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18137" CreationDate="2016-09-26T13:19:39.627" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Acre&lt;/code&gt; es un cultismo importado del latín (&lt;em&gt;acer, acris&lt;/em&gt;) en el siglo XVI. &lt;code&gt;Acérrimo&lt;/code&gt; no deriva de &lt;code&gt;acre&lt;/code&gt;, sino que también se importó como cultismo por la misma época, directamente del latín &lt;em&gt;acerrimus&lt;/em&gt;, superlativo de &lt;em&gt;acer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acer&lt;/em&gt; en latín tiene muchos más significados que los importados con &lt;code&gt;acre&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ācer&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;ācris ācre&lt;/em&gt; [cp. &lt;em&gt;ācrior -ius,&lt;/em&gt; sp. &lt;em&gt;ācerrimus -a -um&lt;/em&gt;] : agudo, cortante, acerado || penetrante; agrio; estridente; deslumbrador || agudo, vivo, sutil &lt;em&gt;(oculi; animus)&lt;/em&gt; || rudo, áspero, riguroso &lt;em&gt;(hiems);&lt;/em&gt; doloroso (&lt;em&gt;acris memoria,&lt;/em&gt; recuerdo penoso) || ardiente, impetuoso, fogoso (&lt;em&gt;acer ad efficendum,&lt;/em&gt; pronto a la acción); valiente, enérgico, infatigable; apasionado, violento, irascible; cruel, encarnizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Diccionario Ilustrado VOX Latino-español / Español-latino&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente, cuando se importó &lt;code&gt;acre&lt;/code&gt;, la nueva palabra no mantuvo todos los significados de la original; y cuando se importó &lt;code&gt;acérrimo&lt;/code&gt; esta mantuvo algunos significados de &lt;em&gt;acerrimus&lt;/em&gt; que no tienen su contraparte en &lt;code&gt;acre&lt;/code&gt;. De ahí la desconexión entre ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T13:19:39.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18721" CreationDate="2016-09-26T17:07:20.457" Score="4" ViewCount="4157" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una frase como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encima/debajo del armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa la barra colocada entre dos palabras, para indicar la existencia de dos opciones. Mi pregunta es si «Debajo» debería ir en mayúsculas o no, ya que no encuentro ninguna fuente oficial que lo comente. Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encima/&lt;strong&gt;Debajo&lt;/strong&gt; del armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que he encontrado es un artículo sobre &lt;em&gt;barra&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bYvzHZDvGD6fr29gvU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bYvzHZDvGD6fr29gvU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que tengo otras opciones para reescribir la frase, pero no me interesan, quiero utilizar la barra para que quede lo más corto posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13774" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:50:21.273" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:50:21.273" Title="Mayúscula al usar la barra «/» al inicio de frase" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18114" CreationDate="2016-09-26T17:29:01.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule which you have seen is not true. Spanish uses accents to show when a word's stress/pronunciation deviates from the regular rules. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Rules of Accent Placement&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The acute accent (´) is used to show that the word is stressed on that syllable, rather than where it would normally fall:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;call&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;te [not a word] vs. c&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;llate [&lt;em&gt;be quiet&lt;/em&gt;, command]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The acute accent (´) can also be used to clarify a word's meaning:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;d&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;from&lt;/em&gt;, preposition] vs. d&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;give&lt;/em&gt;, command]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;est&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;, adjective] vs. &lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;ste [&lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt;, pronoun] vs. est&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt;, command]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The dieresis (¨) is used to force a &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; to be pronounced after a &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;güe&lt;/em&gt;, g&lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt;ey; &lt;em&gt;qüi&lt;/em&gt;, g&lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt;ee):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ver&lt;strong&gt;gue&lt;/strong&gt;nza [not a word] vs. ver&lt;strong&gt;güe&lt;/strong&gt;nza [&lt;em&gt;embarrassment&lt;/em&gt;, noun]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Commands and Gerunds (-ing Forms)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using a command that has a pronound (me, te, se, nos, os, le, les, lo, la, los, las), and the pronoun is attached to the end of the verb, you must put an acute accent on the normally-stressed vowel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Callar : c&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;lla + te = c&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;llate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llamar + te : llam&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;ndo + te = llam&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;ndote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Rules of Word Stress&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Word stress is determined as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the word ends in a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or n or s, the stress falls on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;j&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;ven, h&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;jo(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the word ens in any other consonant, the final (last) syllable is stressed:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;par&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;d, am&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;r&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the word is a noun whose singular form ends in an s or n, the plural form is stressed on the same syllable, but an accent must be used.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;j&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;venes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the word is a command or gerund with pronouns attached to it, the stress falls on the same syllable as without pronouns. (N.B. an accent must be used to show this change.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Callar : c&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;lla + te = c&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;llate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llamar + te : llam&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;ndo + te = llam&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;ndote.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the word carries an accent, the accent is retained in the extended forms &lt;em&gt;unless the ending moves the stress to the same syllable as the accent&lt;/em&gt;. (N.B. in these cases the accent is dropped.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;var&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;n, var&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;nes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13507" LastEditorUserId="13507" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T15:49:55.113" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T15:49:55.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18114" CreationDate="2016-09-26T18:23:57.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The accent ALWAYS marks the stressed syllable in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second accent is more complex. Cállate comes from the imperative &quot;calla&quot; (stressed ca) with the second person reflexive pronoun postponed. Here (postponed words to imperatives) the rule is: if it becomes &quot;esdrújula&quot; (third syllable from the end) or &quot;sobreesdrújula&quot; (4+), accent. It mantains the original verb's stressed syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mete el coche / Mételo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mira esa paloma / Mírala&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale eso / Dáselo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T18:23:57.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18140" CreationDate="2016-09-26T18:27:22.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el enlace al DPD que has puesto tienes la respuesta (o es una errata, no sé si existe una regla):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Colocada entre dos palabras, o entre una palabra y un morfema, indica la existencia de dos o más opciones posibles. En este caso tampoco se escribe entre espacios y puede sustituirse por paréntesis (→ paréntesis, 2c): &lt;strong&gt;El/los&lt;/strong&gt; día/s pasado/s; Querido/a amigo/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está escrita la primera con mayúscula y la segunda con minúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastEditorUserId="13563" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T18:53:24.623" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T18:53:24.623" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18032" CreationDate="2016-09-26T18:49:01.557" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes de responder, matizar que mi respuesta tiene por contexto el español que se habla en España y cualquiera de las siguientes frases se entendería perfectamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿La frase equivalente en español &quot;déjame libre que te recompensaré&quot;, con el significado semejante a &quot;déjame libre y te recompensaré&quot; (con el &quot;que&quot; en lugar del &quot;y&quot;), es posible o suena rara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. Creo que en cualquier punto de la península se entendería su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con el &quot;que&quot; en lugar del &quot;y&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cambiar el &quot;que&quot; por el &quot;y&quot; es posible, aunque &lt;strong&gt;según el contexto pueden aportar matices diferentes al discurso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me dejas libre, te recompensaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se expresa una condición, se propone una elección. El &lt;em&gt;protagonista&lt;/em&gt; se siente capaz (o con ánimos) de negociar su libertad. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A su vez, hay implícita un &lt;em&gt;disyuntiva&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si me dejas libre, te recompensaré. &lt;strong&gt;Si no lo haces, ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjame libre, y te recompensaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es exactamente el mismo escenario que el anterior. Hay intención de negociar. Pero aquí el &lt;em&gt;protagonista&lt;/em&gt; parece más resuelto, más seguro de sí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Déjame libre, y te recompensaré. &lt;strong&gt;Si no lo haces, ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjame libre, que te compensaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De esta frase se desprende cierta &lt;strong&gt;insistencia&lt;/strong&gt;. Quizá ya se ha intentado negociar varias veces y nuestro &lt;em&gt;protagonista&lt;/em&gt; insiste en que si se le libera habrá recompensa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos son ejemplos válidos para las tres frases pero se podrían formular más. Dependería del &lt;em&gt;contexto&lt;/em&gt; y del &lt;strong&gt;estado de ánimo&lt;/strong&gt; de la persona que habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T18:39:34.367" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T18:39:34.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18032" CreationDate="2016-09-26T21:52:43.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas, sin embargo la respuesta depende del sentido original de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Déjame libre que te recompensaré.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración tiene el tono imperativo, formada por una orden y una promesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Déjame libre y te recompensaré.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al incluir la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; la oración se compone de condicionante y condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo distinto, donde la diferencia se aprecia mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Da otro paso y te mataré.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acción de &lt;em&gt;matar&lt;/em&gt; depende de la condicionante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Da otro paso que te mataré.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración es totalmente imperativa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T21:52:43.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T23:36:43.723" Score="4" ViewCount="1013" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that I don't know if  &lt;em&gt;question&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;doubt&quot; or &quot;problem&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Question&lt;/em&gt; today is mostly used for &quot;pregunta&quot; in Spanish, but in Spanish we know this quote as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser o no ser, esa es la cuestión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's mistranslated because &quot;cuestión&quot; doesn't really mean &lt;em&gt;question&lt;/em&gt;, which is instead &quot;pregunta&quot;. The beginning of the phrase is translated correctly though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T22:04:18.663" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T11:12:03.590" Title="Translate Shakespeare: &quot;To be or not to be, that's the question&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18148" CreationDate="2016-09-27T03:05:46.327" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puesto de otra manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cuestión que estamos discutiendo es si debemos ser o si no debemos ser.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La pregunta que tenemos ante nosotros es, ¿ser o no ser?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una pregunta es algo bastante directo, es decir, una oración interrogativa.  Una cuestión es algo a problematizar, discurrir y discutir, que es lo que se hace después de este verso (que es el inicio de unos 30 versos de Hamlet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T03:05:46.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T04:25:36.167" Score="2" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando por Internet alguna traducción al español del inglés &quot;ablate&quot;, sin poder encontrar ninguna. Sé que frases como &quot;ablation shield&quot; se traduciría como &quot;escudo de ablación&quot;, pero ¿cómo podría traducir &quot;the heatshield is ablating&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13782" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T06:54:12.397" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:51:08.783" Title="Traducción del verbo &quot;ablate&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18150" CreationDate="2016-09-27T06:53:51.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Merriam-Webster puedes ver que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ablate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ablate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to remove or destroy especially by cutting, abrading, or evaporating&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ablation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ablation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;loss of a part (as ice from a glacier or the outside of a nose cone) by melting or vaporization&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no es necesario buscar en español un verbo que corresponda con &quot;ablación&quot;, puedes decir sencillamente que el escudo térmico se está...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desintegrando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;evaporando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;destruyendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;derritiendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dañando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T09:51:08.783" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:51:08.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18336" CreationDate="2016-09-27T08:36:49.153" Score="1" ViewCount="1106" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de la definición de la palabra, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KIqVMrl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hidalgo, ga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;fidalgo&lt;/em&gt;, y este del ant. &lt;em&gt;fijo dalgo&lt;/em&gt;; literalmente 'hijo&#xA;  de algo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que por linaje pertenecía al estamento inferior de la nobleza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a un hidalgo. &lt;em&gt;Familia hidalga.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. De ánimo generoso y noble. &lt;em&gt;Actitud hidalga.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me he preguntado qué era ese &quot;algo&quot;. Curiosamente, en la RAE aparece esta definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1nUry2t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;alĭquod&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. desus. Hacienda, caudal. Era u. t. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing. &lt;em&gt;El magnífico debe ser muy sabio porque sepa cómo ha de partir sus algos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en 1611, Covarrubias explicaba en su obra que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;E porque estos fueron escogidos de buenos lugares e con algo [...] por esso los llamaron fijos de algo, que muestra tanto como fijos de bien.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, vuelve a equiparar tener &quot;algo&quot; con tener bienes. Esta frase aparece también en el Diccionario de Autoridades (tomo I, 1726), aclarando además que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale lo própio que substáncia, bienes, hacienda, caudal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, &lt;strong&gt;¿un &quot;hijo de algo&quot; era simplemente alguien que provenía de una familia con bienes (algo)? ¿Todo se reducía a un título que se podía comprar con dinero? ¿Podía ese &quot;algo&quot; ser otra cosa aparte de los bienes o la hacienda?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T08:05:27.120" Title="¿Qué era exactamente el &quot;algo&quot; de los hidalgos?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18152" CreationDate="2016-09-27T09:31:27.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KIqVMrl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hidalgo de bragueta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Padre que, por haber tenido en legítimo matrimonio siete hijos varones consecutivos, adquiría el derecho de hidalguía.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hidalgo de privilegio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. hidalgo que lo era por compra o merced real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que también se podía ser hidalgo por ser prolífico, por compra o merced real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hidalgo de gotera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. hidalgo que únicamente en un pueblo gozaba de los privilegios de su hidalguía, de tal manera que los perdía al mudar su domicilio.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y que la condición de hidalgo podía estar reducida a un solo pueblo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:31:27.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18140" CreationDate="2016-09-27T10:02:37.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando escribimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encima/&lt;strong&gt;debajo&lt;/strong&gt; del armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al fin y al cabo estamos utilizando la barra &lt;em&gt;Para expresar sintéticamente una disyunción entre dos o más opciones posibles entre las que se establece una oposición o alternancia&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Ortograf%C3%ADa-%20RAE%202010-Signos%20auxiliares.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ortografía - RAE 2010&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la frase es equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encima &lt;strong&gt;o debajo&lt;/strong&gt; del armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que escribimos con &lt;em&gt;debajo&lt;/em&gt; en minúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, lo correcto es usar la minúscula pues así se escribe la frase en su versión extendida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T10:02:37.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18156" CreationDate="2016-09-27T18:10:49.260" Score="1" ViewCount="17996" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard many times about &quot;chiqui&quot; and &quot;chiquitita&quot;, but I can not find their translation even by Google translate. Could anyone tell me what does these two words mean? And where do they come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T19:26:33.877" LastActivityDate="2021-05-23T03:05:59.953" Title="What does &quot;chiqui&quot; mean and where does it come from?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18155" CreationDate="2016-09-27T18:15:37.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any dictionary will tell you that &lt;strong&gt;chico&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;small&lt;/strong&gt; and so does &lt;strong&gt;chiquitito&lt;/strong&gt; since it is the diminutive of &quot;chico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diminutive of &lt;strong&gt;chico&lt;/strong&gt; could be formed in these three ways: &lt;em&gt;Chiquito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chiquitito&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;chiquillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, &lt;strong&gt;chiqui&lt;/strong&gt; is not other than an abbreviation of &quot;chiquito/a&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a colloquial way to call someone mainly on a familial or romantic/loving setting and it is very commonly used to refer to children or to a romantic partner usually when he/she is short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chiqui&lt;/strong&gt; is the Spanish equivalent of &lt;strong&gt;shorty&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user14277" LastEditDate="2016-11-20T22:08:26.763" LastActivityDate="2016-11-20T22:08:26.763" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T23:23:33.070" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was researching about some substances, in particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;caucho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hule&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;goma&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some in English: &lt;em&gt;gum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rubber gum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;natural gum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm concerned that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;natural gum wiki article&lt;/a&gt; doesn't have a Spanish translation. Do we have a word for that in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T07:07:17.817" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T14:24:20.653" Title="&quot;Natural gum&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18157" CreationDate="2016-09-27T23:41:04.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;goma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goma is the correct translation of natural gum in this case. Caucho means rubber, and hule refers to some types of soft plastic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently all those names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;goma, caucho and hule.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.habasit.com/es/goma-natural.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.habasit.com/es/goma-natural.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are correct but I would recommend you use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;goma natural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; because it's much more clear that it refers to its natural state. Since caucho, at least in Mexico, is used as a synonym for &lt;em&gt;tire rubber&lt;/em&gt; and hule as some sort of &lt;em&gt;soft plastic&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13789" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T16:17:21.683" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T16:17:21.683" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18177" CreationDate="2016-09-28T08:26:57.597" Score="5" ViewCount="4243" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2Hrlgpx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ambiguo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido por el DRAE como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho especialmente del lenguaje: Que puede entenderse de varios modos o admitir distintas interpretaciones y dar, por consiguiente, motivo a dudas, incertidumbre o confusión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que, con sus palabras o comportamiento, vela o no define claramente sus actitudes u opiniones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Incierto, dudoso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G0lqyoJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;equívoco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que puede interpretarse en varios sentidos, o dar ocasión a juicios diversos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Equivocación, confusión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Palabra cuya significación conviene a diferentes cosas; p. ej., cáncer, vela, cabo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las dos palabras se indica que puede entenderse de varios modos e inducir confusión, lo que a mí me produce incertidumbre y confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hablando con el señor A le digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El señor B está herido porque le ha mordido su perro.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se puede interpretar como que al señor B le ha mordido el perro del señor A o el perro del señor B. Puede que para mí o para B no haya duda sobre qué perro ha sido, pero para A (u otra persona que lea o escuche) sí puede haberla. En un caso así, la frase ¿es ambigua o es equívoca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T12:46:12.420" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T16:29:19.957" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;ambiguo&quot; y &quot;equívoco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18162" CreationDate="2016-09-28T12:25:48.753" Score="4" ViewCount="1657" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5xtSA0h%7C5xuY3CS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bota (2)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Calzado, generalmente de cuero, que resguarda el pie, el tobillo y, a veces, una parte de la pierna. Bota de montar, de montaña, de esquí.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Especie de borceguí de piel o tela que usaban las mujeres.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Esp. Calzado de material resistente que, por lo general, no cubre el tobillo y se usa para la práctica de ciertos deportes. Bota de fútbol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y a continuación define &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ponerse las botas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Enriquecerse o lograr un provecho extraordinario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Aprovecharse extremadamente, y muchas veces desconsideradamente, de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Hartarse de algo placentero. Nos pusimos las botas en el restaurante.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Col., Méx. y Perú. Entrar en acción, actuar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. El Salv. y Méx. Mostrar firmeza de carácter o autoridad.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Méx. Imponer su voluntad.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las acepciones (4), (5) y (6) podrían  derivar de la acción &lt;em&gt;ponerse las botas&lt;/em&gt; tomada en sentido literal (para entrar en acción) o figurado (como símbolo de mando y autoridad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no veo una relación, ni siquiera remota, con las acepciones (1), (2) y (3), usadas en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salvo error por mi parte, el DRAE no recoge la expresión hasta la edición de 1884, y únicamente con el significado de &quot;Enriquecerse o lograr extraordinaria conveniencia&quot;; en 1983 añade &quot;Aprovecharse extremadamente, y muchas veces desconsideradamente, de algo&quot; y solo en 2001 añade &quot;Hartarse de algo placentero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T13:54:19.200" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:54:19.200" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;ponerse las botas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18160" CreationDate="2016-09-28T12:29:10.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Buena pregunta! La tenía en mi lista de &quot;a preguntar&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/a&gt; lo contestó hace un tiempo.  Se detalla el significado de las acepciones (1), (2) y (3) de las indicadas en el DRAE, pues este blog está escrito por una persona de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-ponerse-las-botas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión ‘ponerse las botas’?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy en día utilizamos la expresión ‘ponerse las botas’ para indicar&#xA;  que se ha comido mucho y en abundancia o como sinónimo de enriquecerse&#xA;  o aprovecharse de algo, también abundantemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de la frase lo encontramos  al unísono con el nacimiento de&#xA;  este tipo de calzado, generalmente de cuero, que en sus inicios era de&#xA;  uso exclusivo de las clases más altas y pudientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los caballeros, que iban provistos de sus botas y sus pies bien&#xA;  resguardados del frio y la suciedad del suelo, eran los que mejor&#xA;  comían y hacían los grandes negocios. Por el contrario, el pueblo&#xA;  llano y sin recursos usaba como calzado las sandalias, alpargatas o&#xA;  sencillos zapatos (en el mejor de los casos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De ahí que se vinculase el hecho de ponerse (calzarse) las botas con&#xA;  el de tener y/o conseguir algo en abundancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir: en su origen, si llevabas botas era porque tenías recursos. Y si tienes recursos, comes bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T12:38:16.007" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T12:38:16.007" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18160" CreationDate="2016-09-28T13:13:30.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar una respuesta diferente, aunque no disponga de ninguna referencia: es cierto que la expresión ponerse las botas aparece por primera vez en el diccionario de la academia de 1884. Sin embargo, ya en el diccionario de autoridades (tomo I, 1726) se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar con las botas calzadas&lt;/strong&gt;. Vale lo mismo que estar pronto à hacer viage, y prevenido de todo lo necessário para él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión cambió en la versión de 1770 del diccionario a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estár con las botas puestas&lt;/strong&gt;. Fras. que vale estár para hacer viage y metaforicamente estár dispuesto para qualquiera cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no sería descabellado que &quot;ponerse las botas&quot; significara en un principio &quot;prepararse para cualquier cosa&quot;, cosa que se podría desprender de ver que alguien estuviera haciendo acopio de bienes (para preparar maletas o lo que fuera). De ahí pasaría la expresión a significar &quot;hacer acopio excesivo&quot; y finalmente a &quot;hartarse de cualquier cosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T13:22:26.693" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:22:26.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18157" CreationDate="2016-09-28T13:31:40.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia and several other places in south america we call that &lt;strong&gt;Caucho&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A short search for &quot;árbol de caucho&quot; gives us lots of links about &quot;rubber trees&quot; (obviously natural rubber/gum)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same search give us that in regions like Mexico they call it &quot;Hule&quot;. In Colombia this word is understood but not used frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;strong&gt;goma&lt;/strong&gt; to refer to the same material but in a very soft or even liquid state. When is solid (but elastic) we call it &lt;strong&gt;caucho&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The artificial version of if is called &lt;strong&gt;&quot;caucho sintético&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to several sites including this &lt;a href=&quot;http://wikidiff.com/gum/rubber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wikidiff.com/gum/rubber&lt;/a&gt; the difference is this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gum = any of various viscous or sticky substances that are exuded by&#xA;certain plants &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rubber = pliable material derived from the sap of the&#xA;rubber tree; a hydrocarbon polymer of isoprene&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So gum is the sap of the tree in liquid state and that is what we call &quot;goma&quot; while rubber is the already processed material and that is what we call &quot;caucho&quot; or &quot;hule&quot; depending on the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T13:43:37.120" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:43:37.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-09-28T14:53:08.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking only about Spain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Qué coño...!&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;¡Qué cojones...!&lt;/strong&gt; are used a lot in Spain, but only in really informal situations. It's rude, but it's becoming more and more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In slightly more formal situations, as it is informal, you can use: &lt;strong&gt;qué demonios&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;qué carajo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;qué narices&lt;/strong&gt;... These are considered sometimes too soft expressions, as the other two gain importance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastEditorUserId="13563" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T10:48:36.593" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T10:48:36.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18159" CreationDate="2016-09-28T16:04:48.503" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/ambiguo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;diccionario Oxford&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. [comportamiento, expresión, palabra] Que puede entenderse o&#xA;  interpretarse de diversas maneras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;hizo un gesto ambiguo con la boca; la coalición mantiene una postura&#xA;  ambigua respecto a este tema; ‘voy al colegio por mi hijo’ es una&#xA;  frase ambigua&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sinónimos: equívoco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. [persona] Que actúa con poca decisión, seguridad o firmeza. &quot;no acaba de concretar lo que tiene en mente, peca de muy abstracto,&#xA;  ambiguo e indeciso&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13034" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T16:29:19.957" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T16:29:19.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18157" CreationDate="2016-09-28T20:13:38.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it as &quot;goma natural&quot;.  However, when talking about natural gum in Spanish, I have usually seen it described by its source or common name, for example: &lt;strong&gt;agar-agar&lt;/strong&gt; (seaweeds) or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;goma arábica&lt;/strong&gt; (Acacia trees), and believe it or not &quot;&lt;strong&gt;chicle&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (Chicle tree).  Notice these are for human consumption and you can find it in recipe books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="13722" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T14:24:20.653" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T14:24:20.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18159" CreationDate="2016-09-28T20:36:23.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es mi opinión que a primera vista yo interpretaría, o asociaría, &quot;ambiguo&quot; con algo sin precisión, y &quot;equívoco&quot; con algo equivocado.  El hecho es que la falta de precisión puede conducir a equivocos.  Es posible que ésta sea la razón por lo cual ambas palabras pueden referirse a malentendidos.  Sin embargo, yo continuaré usando equívoco y equivocación para el significado de errado, y ambiguo para el significado de dudoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T20:36:23.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18178" CreationDate="2016-09-29T09:50:59.920" Score="3" ViewCount="810" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultando en el diccionario la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5TkGdE0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, me encuentro con que puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivo: &lt;em&gt;Hacer el bien. Los bienes familiares.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbio: &lt;em&gt;Juan conduce bien. Pedro no se encuentra bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivo: &lt;em&gt;Una familia bien. Gente bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunción: &lt;em&gt;Lo haremos bien hoy, bien mañana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunta de curiosidad: &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es la palabra del español que puede desempeñar más funciones diferentes?&lt;/strong&gt; Siempre según el DRAE, claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una pregunta similar (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17100/12637&quot;&gt;Palabra más polivalente del español&lt;/a&gt;) se preguntaba por la palabra con más acepciones. Aquí se pregunta por la que tiene más funciones posibles (es decir, que pueda actual como sustantivo, como adverbio, etc.). En el ejemplo: &quot;bien&quot; tiene cuatro posibles funciones. ¿Hay alguna palabra que por sí sola pueda desempeñar más funciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T02:10:54.313" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra del español que puede desempeñar más funciones diferentes?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18172" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de hechos curiosos y divertidos del idioma español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18173" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" Score="0" Body="Curiosidades del idioma español." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T09:52:48.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18175" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:20:22.097" Score="3" ViewCount="1521" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias palabras que significan &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitude_sickness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mountain Sickness&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (en inglés).  Los que parecen evidente incluyen «mal de altura», «mal de montaña», «mal de páramo», etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, la palabra «soroche» (según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal_de_monta%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;página Wikide &lt;em&gt;Mal de montaña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en español) es nueva para mí.  ¿Cuál es su etimología?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T10:43:45.253" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T12:54:30.057" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de «soroche»?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18174" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:43:17.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE lo recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YQG25S0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;soroche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voz quechua.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Arg., Bol., Chile, Col., Ec., Perú y Ur. mal de montaña.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Chile. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IjPKfZf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;galena&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, indica que es una palabra de origen &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_quechuas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quechua&lt;/a&gt; que se usa en Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Uruguay (trascendió los Andes, según parece).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco más encuentro en blog de redacción → &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.pucp.edu.pe/blog/blogderedaccion/2009/04/22/la-palabra-del-d-a-soroche/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;La palabra del día: Soroche&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soroche, como confirma un estudio de Rodolfo Cerrón-Palomino, &lt;strong&gt;proviene del vocablo quechua “suruchiq” que significa, según el Inca Garcilaso de la vega, “el metal que hace deslizar la plata”&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto sucede porque esta palabra designaba el nombre de un metal que servía, durante el tiempo del virreinato, para fundir la plata. Asimismo, es en este contexto minero en el que soroche adquiere el nuevo significado de “metal bajo”. Luego, &lt;strong&gt;designará “mal de altura” porque se relacionarán al trabajo y los efectos de este metal en las minas con el malestar que producía a aquellas personas que transportaban el mineral en la sociedad colonial&lt;/strong&gt;. Por tanto, ya para el siglo XVII, el significado de soroche sería el actual, como se registra entre algunos escritores de ese tiempo. Por ejemplo, el Inca Garcilaso define soroche como los efectos del cambio repentino de la temperatura de los llanos a la frigidez de las punas, y viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablan de él también en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.civico.com/bogota/noticias/enfermedades-y-dolencias-tipicas-de-bogota&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Dolores le tiene miedo a Dolorán' y otras enfermedades típicas de Bogotá&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arriba vimos que la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;soroche&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;galena&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;galena&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. galēna, voz de or. hisp.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Mineral compuesto de azufre y plomo, de color gris y lustre intenso. Es la mejor mena del plomo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que da la sensacion de que &lt;em&gt;galena&lt;/em&gt; sigue de alguna forma ligado con este metal descrito por la referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T12:54:30.057" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T12:54:30.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-29T13:49:36.723" Score="3" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I am sure all readers know the true passive is available in Spanish but is commonly avoided. By true passive I mean the one formed with the past participle. For instance this question and answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/250/1674&quot;&gt;When should I use the pure passive voice in Spanish? ( fue/fueron [past participle] )&lt;/a&gt; suggests that Spanish prefers the &lt;em&gt;voz pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;. My fairly ancient grammar devotes about one page to the passive and two to how to avoid it and it only gets on to that in chapter XXIII out of XXV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has often puzzled me and I wonder whether this has always been the case or whether this is a modern trend. I appreciate that historical answers can only consider the written language and it is my impression that the passive is even less common in the spoken language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note I am now really confused about this as the people who commented state that my assumption is incorrect but in his recent reply to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18259/how-do-you-conjugate-verbs-in-passive-voice-in-spanish-and-how-do-you-make-passi&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; @Rodrigo clearly states that what I defined as the passive is indeed avoided in Spanish in favour of what he calls the reflexive passive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 2&#xA;I found the initial comments very instructive and helpful in clarifying my thoughts and teaching me some more about Spanish terms for Spanish grammar. They also made me realise that things which I put in my original question which I had hoped would provide background in fact served to obscure things. For instance if I was starting from scratch I would not have used the reference to the grammar book. For me the fact that it devotes so few pages to the passive and that so late in the book reinforces the view that it is not that important or widely used either in English or in Spanish whereas some people drew the opposite inference from it. In retrospect I would not have used the term 'avoid' either which was clearly wrong and unhelpful. I think in the light of the comments I would have asked something like: Did the form of the passive with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; always co-exist with the form with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; + past participle or is it a recent development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T16:22:41.287" Title="Is there any historical background to the avoidance of the passive in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18159" CreationDate="2016-09-29T13:52:54.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(dejo de lado la evidente diferencia si se toma&lt;/em&gt; equívoco &lt;em&gt;como sustantivo, que creo que queda fuera del sentido de la pregunta)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego de una búsqueda (no me atrevería a decir exhaustiva, pero sí empeñosa), concluyo que &lt;strong&gt;no existe una diferencia &lt;em&gt;normativa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Dicho de otra manera, dudo que se pueda encontrar casos en que la elección de una sobre otra pueda ser considerada sin lugar a dudas errónea (o más correcta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el campo semántico y etimológico de estas palabras &lt;strong&gt;sugiere&lt;/strong&gt; (y ha dado lugar a) &lt;strong&gt;distinciones&lt;/strong&gt; incluso entre gente culta. Estas distinciones no están recogidas por el DLE, y por lo tanto, pueden ser consideradas cosa de gustos (o de pedantería injustificada, mirada desde el otro extremo) [&lt;em&gt;comentario al margen: aunque&lt;/em&gt; crear &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; criar &lt;em&gt;tengan significados distintos, provienen de la misma raíz, y lo que son aparentes derivados --&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BD4sgLR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;creatura&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BFzjeMc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;criatura&lt;/a&gt;-- son sinónimos a pesar de la distinción que podría esperarse por la especialización que sufrieron los respectivos verbos&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de distinción es el que da Alfonso Pérez en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=eZvCAQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA292&amp;amp;ots=m6m7dDw53j&amp;amp;dq=diferencia%20entre%20ambiguo%20y%20equivoco&amp;amp;pg=PA292#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=diferencia%20entre%20ambiguo%20y%20equivoco&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Una Mirada al Ser&lt;/a&gt; (aunque para mi gusto limita el significado de la ambigüedad para conseguir una diferencia artificial).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de distinción viene más directamente del campo semántico: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;equívoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está estrechamente relacionado con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G0jWiIZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;equivocar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que el DLE toma como derivado del primero. Esta última palabra tiene más claramente un sentido de &lt;strong&gt;errar&lt;/strong&gt;, tomar como cierto lo que no es, mientras que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ambiguo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como citas, sólo explicita el sentido de &lt;strong&gt;confuso&lt;/strong&gt; y el posible error sería sólo una implicancia &lt;em&gt;posible&lt;/em&gt; (no necesaria, por lo tanto): en este sentido, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; ambiguo &lt;em&gt;induce a duda o confusión, mientras que lo&lt;/em&gt; equívoco &lt;em&gt;induce a error&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DA%3Aentry%20group%3D44%3Aentry%3Dambiguus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ambĭgŭus&lt;/a&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;dudoso, incierto, poco confiable&lt;/em&gt;, y al parecer sólo con el tiempo llegó a su significado moderno (recogido en la primera acepción que da el diccionario). Por su parte, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DA%3Aentry%20group%3D27%3Aentry%3Daequivocus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;aequĭvŏcus&lt;/a&gt; se traduce incluso al inglés como &lt;em&gt;ambiguo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;equívoco&lt;/em&gt; (y también como &lt;em&gt;con significados parecidos&lt;/em&gt;, ¿= sinónimo, idea afín?), corroborando que la distinción -que en algún momento pudo haber habido- hoy ha perdido mucha fuerza (si no es que toda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T15:37:21.743" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T15:37:21.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18171" CreationDate="2016-09-29T15:34:08.043" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbio: Estaba &lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt; lejos de lo que creíamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivo: Compró &lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt; tornillos que tuercas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre: Cada día se conforma con &lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivo: El signo &lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt;. (-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunción: Todo &lt;strong&gt;menos&lt;/strong&gt; eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡5 USOS!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va ganando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos tomados de: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OuzZNmN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OuzZNmN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y aunque en uno de mis primeros comentarios pensé que solo tenia 4 usos, Carlos me hace caer en cuenta que son 5 así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;bajo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivo: El precio es &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivo: El &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt;. (instrumento musical).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbio: Pon la radio más &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preposición: &lt;strong&gt;Bajo&lt;/strong&gt; pena de muerte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbo: Yo &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt; las escaleras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T16:58:53.667" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T16:58:53.667" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18191" CreationDate="2016-09-29T17:49:59.563" Score="3" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying Spanish. In my textbook it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Americans have amazing fashion &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los estadounidenses tienen &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; moda increíble&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why has &quot;&lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt;&quot; been included? The sentence is clearly talking about fashion, which is not singular, so why use &quot;&lt;code&gt;una&lt;/code&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5079/when-to-use-a-un&quot;&gt;Question/Answer&lt;/a&gt; says you have to use &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; when referring to persons, but in the example above, it's referring to fashion, which are not people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later on the book, it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo dolor de muelas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I’ve got a toothache&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No. Tengo &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; dolor de muelas terrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No. I’ve got a raging toothache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, in one &quot;&lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is used. In other it is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5087/when-to-use-una-and-when-to-omit-it&quot;&gt;Question/Answer&lt;/a&gt; says you normally use &lt;code&gt;un&lt;/code&gt; to refer to quantity. But then why does one tooth ache have a quantity and the other does not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When do you include or omit 'a' (un, una)? Based on the examples above, it seems very random. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T14:38:36.663" Title="When to include or omit 'a' (un, una)?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18179" CreationDate="2016-09-29T18:31:38.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not exactly random but instead those are examples in which you could or could not use the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is perfectly correct to say: &lt;em&gt;Los estadounidenses tienen moda increíble&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not use &quot;una&quot; you are using a more general meaning (fashion in general) but with &quot;una&quot; you are being more specific and they may have some amazing fashion among some not as amazing. (I have to say this is not the best example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other example is similar. The more specific sentence is &lt;em&gt;Tengo un dolor de muelas terrible&lt;/em&gt; but the more general sentence does not use the article &lt;em&gt;tengo dolor de muelas&lt;/em&gt; in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un/unos/una/unas&lt;/strong&gt; are called &lt;em&gt;indeterminate article&lt;/em&gt; and in most cases is used to express an indeterminate quantity. i.e. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trajeron unas cervezas. = They brought some beer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trajeron una_ cerveza_. = They brought __a_ beer (any beer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in contrast to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trajeron ____ cervezas. = They brought ____ beer. (no quantity defined)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part about &quot;a&quot; is also a bit tricky since &quot;a&quot; is a preposition and in my opinion prepositions are among the most difficult things for a beginner in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in cases like &lt;em&gt;&quot;Acabamos de vacunar &lt;strong&gt;al &lt;sup&gt;(a el)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; perro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;a&quot; is the preposition that precedes the direct complement and in some way makes more specific the object. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=002rZ9U%7C003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Def 1&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explanation on all the possible ways of using &quot;a&quot; would be rather long so I will only say be patient while learning and you will get the hang of it, but if you want to read some examples of the uses of &quot;a&quot; check this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=002rZ9U|003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=002rZ9U|003Ov93&lt;/a&gt; (definitions 13 to 21 are quite interesting)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="13652" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T14:38:36.663" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T14:38:36.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18184" CreationDate="2016-09-29T22:53:03.050" Score="0" ViewCount="2785" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un grupo español que se llama «Estopa» y me gustaría saber qué significa esa palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T09:31:16.190" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T09:31:16.190" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de la palabra «Estopa» referido al grupo musical con este nombre?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-09-30T18:42:13.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18181" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:15:51.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín, stuppa, es un tipo de tela parecida a la arpillera. Esta tela está hecha con fibras de cáñamo, con lo que supongo que sacarían de ahí su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8396" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T05:15:51.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18198" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:17:31.170" Score="2" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito un adjetivo que reemplace a &lt;em&gt;desidioso&lt;/em&gt; en &quot;cuerpo desidioso&quot;. Algo parecido a la expresión &quot;en Babia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de los agradecimientos de un trabajo, la frase es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Igualmente quiero dar las gracias a mis amigos, por sacarme de casa y evitar la momificación de mi &lt;strong&gt;cuerpo desidioso&lt;/strong&gt; durante la realización de este proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;em&gt;desidioso&lt;/em&gt; tiene una connotación un poco negativa, como &quot;sin ganas&quot; o algo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8396" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T14:42:54.347" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T18:51:23.200" Title="Se busca adjetivo: Fuera de lugar" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18181" CreationDate="2016-09-30T06:37:28.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la Wikipedia, el diccionario de la RAE también es tu amigo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gv051C2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estopa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. stuppa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Parte basta o gruesa del lino o del cáñamo, que queda en el rastrillo cuando se peina y rastrilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Parte basta que queda de la seda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Tela gruesa que se teje y fabrica con la hilaza de la estopa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Rebaba, pelo o filamento que aparece en algunas maderas al trabajarlas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Mar.&lt;/em&gt; Jarcia vieja, deshilada y deshecha, que sirve para calafatear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;C. Rica.&lt;/em&gt; Fruto del paste lavado y sin semillas, que sirve de estropajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;C. Rica.&lt;/em&gt; Residuo de la fruta cuando se le extrae el jugo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la acepción a la que se refiere el grupo no es ninguna de esas. En la jerga de España existe la expresión &lt;em&gt;dar estopa&lt;/em&gt;. Tal y como dice en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estopa_(banda)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la página del grupo&lt;/a&gt; en la Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La historia dice que del grito &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Dadle estopa!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que utilizaba el encargado de la fábrica [de una filial de Seat donde trabajaban] para que no cesaran en su trabajo, surgió el nombre [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones &lt;em&gt;dar estopa&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dar cera&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimas de &lt;em&gt;dar caña&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7E5tpxx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dar caña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Provocar o recriminar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Aumentar la velocidad o la intensidad de algo. Da más caña al coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Esp. Pegar, golpear, vapulear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T06:46:38.300" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T06:46:38.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18195" CreationDate="2016-09-30T09:40:25.507" Score="1" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my textbook it says the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;seas = Second person familiar form - Indicates something might be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then gives the following examples to show how it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[I hope] that you be [a nice person].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que seas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[I'm so glad] that it's [you]!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que seas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the first example, because the speaker is hoping the the other person might be nice.&#xA;But I don’t get the second example. &#xA;How can &lt;code&gt;“it’s”&lt;/code&gt; be something that &lt;code&gt;might be&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does Spanish language use &lt;code&gt;Seas&lt;/code&gt; to mean &lt;code&gt;It's&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T10:05:14.680" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T18:56:09.567" Title="Why do I have to use the subjuntive mood when translating &quot;I'm so glad that it's you&quot; into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1456" CreationDate="2016-09-30T09:42:42.480" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Country&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Usage&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Argentina&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is much more informal, almost vulgar. You'd never hear it in a deodorant ad, or in medical speak.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Bolivia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is really vulgar. Better use &lt;em&gt;axila&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Chile&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is also almost vulgar and very informal.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Colombia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is also almost vulgar and very informal.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Cuba&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;In Cuba we use both &lt;em&gt;Axila&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is more informal than &lt;em&gt;Axila&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Dominican Republic&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; has the same meaning and connotations that in other Spanish speaking countries. &lt;em&gt;Axila&lt;/em&gt; is the more ethical and formal, while &lt;em&gt;sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is more informal.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Ecuador&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is more informal, I think it is better to say &amp;quot;axila&amp;quot;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mexico&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is vulgar and if you do use it, it is when someone has bad odor in their armpits (&lt;em&gt;te huele el sobaco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hueles a sobaco&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;em&gt;Axila&lt;/em&gt; is when you are actually referring to the armpit as a body part.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Panama&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Axila&lt;/em&gt; is the word that we use to refer to the armpit. &lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is used for people from the &amp;quot;Guetto&amp;quot;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Peru&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is not very used, the usual form is &lt;em&gt;axila&lt;/em&gt; for both formal and informal situations.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Spain&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobaco&lt;/em&gt; is more informal than &lt;em&gt;axila&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-23T10:02:02.107" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T10:02:02.107" CommentCount="8" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-09-30T09:42:42.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18190" CreationDate="2016-09-30T09:53:11.570" Score="3" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;My text book has the following uses of “how long”, but the Spanish is structured differently each time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How long have you worked here?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que trabaja aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses &lt;code&gt;Cuánto tiempo&lt;/code&gt; for how long and &lt;code&gt;hace que&lt;/code&gt; for have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How long have you been living in California?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cuánto tiempo ha estado viviendo en California?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This again uses &lt;code&gt;Cuánto tiempo&lt;/code&gt; for how long but now &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt; is used for have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How long have you lived here?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cuánto hace que vive aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses &lt;code&gt;Cuánto&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;how long&lt;/code&gt; but it doesn’t use &lt;code&gt;tiempo&lt;/code&gt;. &#xA;Like the first example it uses &lt;code&gt;hace que&lt;/code&gt; for have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand Example 1 being different as it is talking about work. However, Example 2 and 3 both talking about living.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does the concept of &quot;how long&quot; work in Spanish?&#xA;Is there a rule to know to when to use each construction?&#xA;Or are the differences conveying a nuance of meaning? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T10:04:30.280" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T19:50:00.847" Title="How does the concept of &quot;how long&quot; work in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18199" CreationDate="2016-09-30T10:01:49.477" Score="2" ViewCount="2830" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nos surgió ayer una pregunta en el trabajo con la que nos quedamos un poco dubitativos. La palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3vj12Rm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ascender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;adelantar en empleo o dignidad&quot; y &quot;dar o conceder un ascenso&quot;. Sin embargo, no estamos muy seguro de qué palabra se usa en ámbitos empresariales para expresar lo contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las opciones que tenemos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C4T1Ot1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Degradar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &quot;Privar a alguien de las dignidades, honores, empleos y privilegios que tiene.&quot; Su uso nos parece más enfocado al ámbito militar, aunque no estamos seguros de si se usa también en la administración pública y la empresa privada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descender o bajar de categoría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es el verbo antónimo a &quot;ascender&quot; en ámbitos empresariales civiles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T19:10:18.740" Title="¿Antónimo de &quot;ascender&quot; en ámbitos civiles?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18189" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18192" CreationDate="2016-09-30T10:16:51.107" Score="6" ViewCount="2547" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2490/estamos-de-enhorabuena-estado-efervescente-del-sitio-y-c%C3%B3mo-seguir-creciendo/2507?noredirect=1#comment3979_2507&quot;&gt;Debatiendo con Carlos Alejo en Meta&lt;/a&gt; fui a utilizar la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt;. En concreto, quería utilizar la palabra para definir el ámbito de trabajo de una pregunta: qué debía cubrir y qué no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me quedé pensando cuál podría ser una buena palabra para designar este concepto, &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt;, que el diccionario inglés define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/scope?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;scope&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  noun&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. &lt;strong&gt;extent or range of view, outlook, application, operation, effectiveness, etc.&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;an investigation of wide scope.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. space for movement or activity; opportunity for operation: &lt;em&gt;to give one's fancy full scope.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. extent in space; a tract or area.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. length: &lt;em&gt;a scope of cable.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. &lt;strong&gt;aim or purpose&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. Linguistics, Logic. the range of words or elements of an expression over which a modifier or operator has control: &lt;em&gt;In “old men and women,” “old” may either take “men and women” or just “men” in its scope.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. (used as a short form of microscope, oscilloscope, periscope, radarscope, riflescope, telescopic sight, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, me pregunto: ¿qué palabra castellana podemos utilizar para designar &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt; en el contexto dado por estos ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt; de esta reunión es designar los portavoces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scope of Trump's falsehoods unprecedented for a modern presidential candidate (sacado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-false-statements-20160925-snap-story.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una noticia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí &lt;strong&gt;alcance&lt;/strong&gt; me parece la palabra más cercana, pero no sé si atino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T11:50:49.870" Title="¿&quot;Scope&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18187" CreationDate="2016-09-30T10:40:38.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, your case 3 is an example of ellision; the word &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; is just ellided, but it is understood to be there. So your example is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo hace que vive aquí?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction &lt;em&gt;hace&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;time expression&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; means that &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;time expression&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; has passed since something happened (if you then use a verb in the past tense) or started happening and continues to happen (if you use a verb in the present tense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace tres años que Pepe vive en Madrid --&amp;gt; Pepe has been living in Madrid for the last three years&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace tres años que Pepe murió --&amp;gt; Pepe died three years ago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the contrary, your second example deals with the amount of time something lasted; the action may or may not have finished. But if the person you are talking to is still living in California, you can use the other construction with the exact same meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo hace que vive en California?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you can see, both constructions can have the same meaning if you are talking about a continuous action that is not yet finished. But one can also be used for instantaneous actions and the other can also be used for finished actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T10:40:38.527" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18179" CreationDate="2016-09-30T11:54:45.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very interesting question - I'm native but it made me think about the why though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, if you use &lt;em&gt;un/unos/una/unas&lt;/em&gt; you need to continue specifying about the noun in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Correct:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo dolor de muelas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un dolor de muelas terrible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Incorrect:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo dolor de muelas terrible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the example about &lt;em&gt;moda&lt;/em&gt; is a little more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, as a rule of thumb you have to use moda with &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; and complement it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Correct:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los estadounidenses tienen una moda contemporánea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Incorrect:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los estadounidenses tienen moda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explanation of why you need to specify fashion is because otherwise it wouldn't mean anything - fashion is a &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt; too generic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you can use this idiom about fashion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los estadounidenses &lt;em&gt;van a la moda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T11:54:45.330" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18189" CreationDate="2016-09-30T12:20:08.147" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Qué difícil dar una respuesta &lt;em&gt;documentada&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu intuición me parece correcta. Yo también usaría &lt;strong&gt;alcance&lt;/strong&gt;, y en algunos contextos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ámbito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Tal como señala Gorpik, &lt;em&gt;objeto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;objetivo&lt;/em&gt; también calzan con la acepción de &lt;em&gt;aim or purpose&lt;/em&gt; (5ª acepción).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una excelente herramienta para saber la opinión simultánea de muchos traductores &lt;em&gt;de oficio&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;. Ahí puedes ver las distintas alternativas usadas para &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=scope&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;traducir &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, cada una en su contexto en inglés y castellano. Me parece que ahí se confirma que &lt;strong&gt;alcance&lt;/strong&gt; es el favorito indiscutido, con algunas menciones de &lt;strong&gt;ámbito&lt;/strong&gt;, y con la de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;finalidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para el sentido de la 5ª acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T11:50:49.870" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T11:50:49.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18189" CreationDate="2016-09-30T12:30:20.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alcance&lt;/em&gt; sería la traducción más acertada de &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt;. No obstante, &lt;em&gt;extensión&lt;/em&gt; (extension) podría utilizarse en algunos casos en sustitución de alcance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The current scope of these problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La extensión actual de estos problemas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablando de &lt;em&gt;problemas&lt;/em&gt; yo utilizaría el verbo &lt;em&gt;extenderse&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;alcanzar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diría que &quot;los problemas se extienden&quot; y no que &quot;los problemas alcanzan&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13652" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T12:30:20.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18179" CreationDate="2016-09-30T13:08:40.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main function of the distinction between the indeterminate article, just as in English, is &lt;em&gt;familiarity&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;la casa&lt;/em&gt; --it is assumed everyone knows (or can figure out) which house we're talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;una casa&lt;/em&gt; --the house is not determined, or is just being introduced in the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(this example has been partly adapted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.zompist.com/kitgram.html#articles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The case here is a bit different, and specific to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/02/ejemplos-de-articulo-indefinido.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this very good article&lt;/a&gt; that explains when not to use the indefinite article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo indefinido no se usa en los casos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Después del verbo ser cuando se habla de nacionalidad, profesión, oficio o religión no modificado (...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Después del verbo &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; algunos sustantivos comunes se usan sin artículo para indicar un tipo de cosa en general&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(3. after the verb&lt;/em&gt; tener &lt;em&gt;some nouns are used w/o article to mean a general kind of thing.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples, you add the article when you &lt;em&gt;individualize&lt;/em&gt; the object: &lt;em&gt;un dolor de muelas terrible&lt;/em&gt; is no longer a general type of thing, but this specific ache of yours. As a rule of thumb, in the cases &lt;em&gt;with&lt;/em&gt; article, the object (&lt;em&gt;dolor de cabeza&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;moda&lt;/em&gt;) is being individualized, while in the case &lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt; article you are referring to the abstract concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A [not-quite-perfect-but-useful] mnemonic you could use is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’ve got a toothache&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;em&gt;dolor de muelas&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;general kind of thing&lt;/em&gt; it is translated &lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt; the article, but if you specify it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've got a toothache. An incredible one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are specifiying it, and the rule of &lt;em&gt;when to omit&lt;/em&gt; the article no longer applies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T13:08:40.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18185" CreationDate="2016-09-30T14:04:33.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, it seems my comment was at least incomplete. The rules of when to use the subjunctive may be complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elsubjuntivo.com/usos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; enumerates twelve cases in which the subjunctive should be used. Among these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para expresar emoción o sentimiento. &lt;em&gt;(To express emotions or feelings.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW, subjunctive is always difficult to non-native speakers (and even to native ones). Practice will be your best teacher to acquire a strong sense on when to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to find a pattern with other rules, it seems that there underlies a sense of vagueness/lack of concreteness: the subject is expressing that the fact (that &lt;em&gt;it's you&lt;/em&gt;/the listener) will &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; make them happy rather than just this specific (concrete) time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T18:56:09.567" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T18:56:09.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18183" CreationDate="2016-09-30T17:41:54.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Procrastinador. Inactivo. Inane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13802" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T17:41:54.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18183" CreationDate="2016-09-30T18:43:16.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuerpo desanimado, desmotivado, perezoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13803" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T18:43:16.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18183" CreationDate="2016-09-30T18:51:23.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pese a que se trata de un documento formal como un trabajo, utilizas un estilo cordial y divertido propio de la sección de agradecimientos. Esto rebaja la formalidad, a la vez que apela al uso de palabras un poco &quot;raras&quot; para mantener el chiste en un estilo sobrio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, se me ocurren distintas posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;evitar la momificación de mi cuerpo &lt;strong&gt;abúlico/negligente/apático&lt;/strong&gt; durante la realización de este proyecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0DYwS2u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abulia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Pasividad, desinterés, falta de voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QMAWQ4m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;negliglente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. descuidado. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Falto de aplicación. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=36mhKPA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apatía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Impasibilidad del ánimo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Dejadez, indolencia, falta de vigor o energía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incluso mencionaría &lt;strong&gt;zángano&lt;/strong&gt; en tanto en cuanto vives a cuerpo de rey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T18:51:23.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18188" CreationDate="2016-09-30T19:10:18.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece que &lt;strong&gt;degradar&lt;/strong&gt; es la palabra que más se adecúa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; y que entendería mejor en el contexto que mencionas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ampliar el foco, y con la ayuda de la página de &lt;a href=&quot;http://servicios.elpais.com/diccionarios/sinonimos-antonimos/ascender&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sinónimos y antónimos de El País&lt;/a&gt; podemos pensar también en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descender&lt;/strong&gt;: no por obvia tiene menos sentido. Sin embargo, parece más usada en ámbito deportivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;empeorar: no me convence en exceso, pues por ella sola es bastante genérica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VpnqvGc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;relegar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: suena bien, máxime viendo que su definición es &lt;em&gt;1. tr. Entre los antiguos romanos, desterrar a un ciudadano sin privarlo de los derechos de tal&lt;/em&gt;. Básicamente, lo que vendría a ocurrir aquí: se mantiene en la empresa pero se le retiran los privilegios que tuviera. Y sí, estoy de acuerdo que no se pierden todos, sino algunos, por lo que tampoco es una opción óptima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C22zoYJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;defenestrar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: esta es cosecha mía y considero que podría entenderse bien. Su definición es &lt;em&gt;Destituir o expulsar a alguien de un puesto, cargo, situación&lt;/em&gt;, pero su simbolismo de &quot;tirar ventana abajo&quot; puede servir para explicar la degradación en la jerarquía de una empresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Curioso: para el presente del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0iArrmH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;adecuar&lt;/a&gt; vale tanto &lt;em&gt;adecua&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;adecúa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T19:10:18.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18212" CreationDate="2016-10-01T10:31:35.340" Score="8" ViewCount="678" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra inglesa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dowager&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; no parece tener una traducción fácil. La principal acepción, que es la que me interesa, corresponde a &quot;viuda&quot;, pero con matices muy concretos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/dowager&quot;&gt;Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A woman of high social rank whose husband is dead but who has a title and property because of her marriage to him: a dowager queen  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/translate/english-spanish/dowager&quot;&gt;Oxford Living Dictionaries&lt;/a&gt; lo traducen como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 (widow) viuda de un noble  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://traductor.babylon-software.com/ingles/dowager/&quot;&gt;Babylon&lt;/a&gt;, como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;viuda de título&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que la traducción sería, por tanto, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;viuda de un noble&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;viuda de título&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowager&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; aparece una definición más amplia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A dowager is a widow who holds a title or property—a &quot;dower&quot;—derived from her deceased husband. As an adjective, dowager usually appears in association with monarchical and aristocratic titles.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a continuación introduce una explicacion acerca de su uso:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the United Kingdom, the widow of a peer may continue to use the style she had during her husband's lifetime, e.g. &quot;Countess of Loamshire&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;provided that his successor, if any, has no wife to bear the plain title. Otherwise she more properly prefixes either her forename or the word Dowager, e.g. &quot;Jane, Countess of Loamshire&quot; or &quot;Dowager Countess of Loamshire&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (In any case she would continue to be called &quot;Lady Loamshire&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T15:56:35.063" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T21:11:25.997" Title="¿Cómo se traduce &quot;dowager&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18203" CreationDate="2016-10-01T11:17:12.610" Score="6" ViewCount="3104" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://elcapitanachab.blogspot.com.es/2007/12/por-probar-probar.html&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado el texto  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decía el difunto Jaime Campmany que él lo había probado todo menos montar en globo y tomar por la retambufa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=retambufa&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; no figura &quot;retambufa&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://que-significa.com/significado.php?termino=retambufa&quot;&gt;quesignifica.com&lt;/a&gt; recogen dos acepciones, aparentemente específicas de Argentina:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;retambufa&quot; en glosario de lunfardo y giros de Argentina:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Bujarrón, homosexual activo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;retambufa&quot; en glosario de jergas y modismos de Argentina:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;(lunf.) Retaguardia/ pederasta activo/ lesbiana activa/ coito anal.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar por la retambufa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; un sinónimo de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coito anal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? Siendo &quot;retambufa&quot;, al parecer, una palabra exclusiva de Argentina ¿se utiliza la expresión en otras regiones? ¿Está muy extendido su uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:45:57.277" Title="¿Qué es &quot;tomar por la retambufa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18205" CreationDate="2016-10-01T13:18:58.270" Score="1" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré esta frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues para eso exhibieron el cuadro: para que todos lo vieran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es normal poner dos puntos antes de &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt; en una oración final? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T15:02:42.290" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T15:02:42.290" Title="Signo de puntuación antes de &quot;para que&quot;" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18201" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:01:07.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy el término &lt;em&gt;retambufa&lt;/em&gt; es prácticamente desconocido en Argentina, un miembro de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lunfardo.org.ar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Academia Porteña del Lunfardo&lt;/a&gt; en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lunfardo.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/COMUNICACIO%CC%81N-ACADE%CC%81MICA-N%C2%BA-18.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Comunicación Académica Nº 18&lt;/a&gt;, de mayo de 1964 propone el siguiente significado y etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RETAMBUFA &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bufarrón. A la abreviatura &lt;em&gt;bufa&lt;/em&gt; se adicionan actualmente el afijo que actúa, en este caso, como prefijo modificatorio, en el sentido de apoyar, refirmar; sumándose &lt;em&gt;tam&lt;/em&gt;, voz onomatopéyica, demostrativa de rotundez, empuje, sonoro y sin desfallecimiento. En suma: el ahora circulante &lt;em&gt;retambufa&lt;/em&gt; para designar al &lt;em&gt;bufa&lt;/em&gt; habitual, recalcitrante, rotundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que un &lt;em&gt;retambufa&lt;/em&gt; sería alguien &lt;em&gt;muy bufarrón&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Bufarrón&lt;/em&gt; sí es un término conocido hoy por cualquiera en Argentina y significa &lt;em&gt;homosexual&lt;/em&gt; (en forma más bien despectiva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como tú has encontrado, &lt;em&gt;retambufa&lt;/em&gt; aparece como equivalente a &lt;em&gt;trasero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;culo&lt;/em&gt; en listados de palabras del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto_murciano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;murciano&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.saberespractico.com/curiosidades/diccionario-murciano-espanol-por-orden-alfabetico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;éste&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Osvaldo Bazán, en su libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1aISuTfXO3UC&amp;amp;pg=PA148&amp;amp;lpg=PA148&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Historia de la homosexualidad en la Argentina&lt;/a&gt; cuenta que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Lehmann_Nitsche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Roberto Lehmann-Nitsche&lt;/a&gt; publicó en 1923 un libro en el que encuentra lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buceando en el vocabulario lunfardo de fin del siglo XIX, se encontró el alemán en Ensenada con varias palabras que designaban al homosexual [...] Registra también &quot;dar por retambufa&quot; como coito anal y anota que retambufa es retaguardia, de aquí &quot;retambufero&quot;, el pederasta activo. &quot;Recibir por retambufa&quot;, &quot;llevar por detrás&quot;, &quot;recibir por el orto&quot; son expresiones que &quot;equivalen a practicar la sodomía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que lo que me parece más probable es que el término haya sido introducido en Argentina por inmigrantes murcianos. Como la palabra se usaba allí únicamente en ese contexto debe haber pasado de significar &lt;em&gt;trasero&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;sodomita&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras, en España, la palabra sigue siendo equivalente de &lt;em&gt;culo&lt;/em&gt;. Como dice el blog que citas, mucha gente la conoce por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Campmany&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jaime Campmany&lt;/a&gt;, murciano. Así que &lt;em&gt;tomar por la retambufa&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir simplemente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomar por culo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Supongo que proviene de &lt;em&gt;retaguardia&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es consistente con que a veces se encuentra &lt;em&gt;por retambufa&lt;/em&gt; usado como equivalente a &lt;em&gt;por detrás&lt;/em&gt;, en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;a traición&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poco de Google muestra que la palabra actualmente solo aparece en la prensa o blogs españoles. Un par de ejempos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/20100220/opinion-firmas/retambufa-20100220.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Retambufa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elconfidencial.com/espana/palo-alto/2013-08-10/el-ingles-ataca-por-retambufa_16847/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El inglés ataca por retambufa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.eldia.es/criterios/2011-04-15/5-Dios-mio-Gandhi-era-vasioleta.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dios mío, hasta Gandhi era vasioleta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T15:45:57.277" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:45:57.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18202" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:11:52.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fíjate en que realmente es una aposición de &quot;para eso&quot;. Yo estoy muy a favor de los dos puntos en tu ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T14:11:52.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18202" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:31:56.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=%3A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPHD&lt;/a&gt; parece avalarlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DOS PUNTOS&lt;/strong&gt;. Signo de puntuación (:) que representa una pausa mayor que la de la coma y menor que la del punto. Detienen el discurso para llamar la atención sobre lo que sigue, que siempre está en estrecha relación con el texto precedente. Se escriben pegados a la palabra o el signo que los antecede, y separados por un espacio de la palabra o el signo que los sigue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.8.&lt;/strong&gt; Se usan también para conectar oraciones relacionadas entre sí sin necesidad de emplear otro nexo. Son varias las relaciones que pueden expresar:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a) Causa-efecto: Se ha quedado sin trabajo: no podrá ir de vacaciones este verano.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;b) Conclusión, consecuencia o resumen de la oración anterior: El arbitraje fue injusto y se cometieron demasiados errores: al final se perdió el partido. En este caso se usa también el punto y coma (→ punto y coma, 3b).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;c) Verificación o explicación de la oración anterior, que suele tener un sentido más general: La paella es un plato muy completo y nutritivo: tiene la fécula del arroz, las proteínas de sus carnes y pescados, y la fibra de sus verduras. En este caso se usa también el punto y coma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T14:31:56.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18210" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:38:01.060" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish textbook it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think you must be very talented&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Creo que debe ser muy talentoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are very talented&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tienes mucho talento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does one use &lt;em&gt;talento&lt;/em&gt; and the other &lt;em&gt;talentoso&lt;/em&gt;. What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T15:10:20.987" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:10:20.987" Title="What is the difference between &quot;talento&quot; and &quot;talentoso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18211" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:40:00.747" Score="2" ViewCount="389" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish textbook it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(estar) bueno - tasty&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(estar) rico - tasty&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What’s the difference between the two? Is it like the difference between &lt;code&gt;tasty&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;delicious&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. there isn’t one)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it more like the difference between ‘tasty’ and ‘yummy’ (i.e. one is a little more informal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:17:37.073" Title="What is the difference between &quot;rico&quot; and &quot;bueno&quot; when referring to taste?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18208" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18219" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:54:11.440" Score="2" ViewCount="8170" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish textbook it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué    = “What” (at the start of a sentence)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lo que = “what” (in the middle of a sentence)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que    = that (can also mean which, who, what depending on context).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then gives this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I understand what you mean&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Entiendo qué quiere decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; work in this sentence? By the examples given above, shouldn’t it be ‘lo que`?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T15:20:38.570" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T21:10:12.933" Title="How do &quot;que&quot; and &quot;qué&quot; work as “what” in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18207" CreationDate="2016-10-01T14:54:36.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6EawoZ6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bueno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is defined as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Gustoso, apetecible, agradable, divertido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WSXT9Bo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Gustoso, sabroso, agradable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this sense they are synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T14:54:36.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18206" CreationDate="2016-10-01T15:02:33.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/talento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Talento&lt;/a&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.m. Conjunto de facultades o capacidades tanto artísticas como intelectuales: &quot;tienes talento como escritor.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Persona muy inteligente o destacada en alguna ciencia o actividad:&#xA;  talento de la música. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/talentoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;talentoso&lt;/a&gt; is an &lt;em&gt;adjective&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj. Que tiene talento o ingenio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:02:33.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18207" CreationDate="2016-10-01T15:17:37.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree 99% with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18209/1674&quot;&gt;user13560's answer&lt;/a&gt;: in almost all cases you would use rico and bueno interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to me living in Spain, there might be subtle differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you talk about how food looks, you will never use &lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué buena pinta tiene esta comida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To some extent, &lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt; has a plus on quality and can be a bit higher while ranking food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt; is less common, specially on kids: &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective that all would use, but &lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt; comes later while growing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:17:37.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18200" CreationDate="2016-10-01T15:33:40.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesantísima palabra, que nunca había oído en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple vista parece que no hay una palabra española exactamente equivalente, por lo que la respuesta correcta creo que es: no hay tal palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, con la explicación que mencionas de la Wikipedia, especialmente en negrita, me viene a la cabeza la palabra &lt;strong&gt;regente&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ViPk1u4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regente, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. regens, -entis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que rige (‖ gobierna). U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. y f. Persona que gobierna un Estado en la menor edad de un príncipe o por otro motivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde la clave está en el verbo &lt;strong&gt;regentar&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ViM5K5s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regentar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Desempeñar temporalmente ciertos cargos o empleos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntando las definiciones de adjetivo y verbo damos con el hecho de que un regente es alguien que ostenta un cargo temporalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que el uso de &lt;em&gt;regente&lt;/em&gt; casi siempre se usa en su 3ª acepción, pero no por ello creo menos conveniente sugerir esta palabra como lo más cercano a la palabra &lt;em&gt;dowager&lt;/em&gt;, aunque sea por simple correspondencia en la definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T15:33:40.513" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18216" CreationDate="2016-10-01T18:17:12.210" Score="1" ViewCount="1652" Body="&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a ver hoy &lt;em&gt;Kung Fu Panda&lt;/em&gt;, me he acordado de una frase de esa película que me encanta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ayer ya es historia, y el mañana es un misterio. En cambio el hoy es un regalo, por eso se le llama presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, si buscamos la palabra en el diccionario, aparecen las dos acepciones que conocemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U685C9x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;presente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;praesens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho del tiempo: Que es aquel en que está quien habla. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Obsequio, regalo que alguien da a otra persona en señal de reconocimiento o de afecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que me hago es qué hay de cierto en tan poética frase. ¿Es casualidad que la palabra &quot;presente&quot; tenga ambas acepciones? ¿O hay algún vínculo entre ambas que se me escapa? Lo curioso es que frase es posible porque en el idioma original de la película, la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/present&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;present&lt;/a&gt;&quot; también tiene ambas acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;not past or future : existing or happening now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;to give something to someone in a formal way or in a ceremony&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta raro que la coincidencia se mantenga en ambos idiomas. Así pues, ¿cuál es la conexión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T20:05:52.113" Title="Origen de las distintas acepciones de &quot;presente&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18200" CreationDate="2016-10-01T19:22:35.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión que buscas creo que es &lt;strong&gt;consorte viudo o viuda&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AQnYIBO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;consorte&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;consors, -ortis&lt;/em&gt; 'participante'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que recibe el título, condición, nombre de la profesión, etc., por razón de matrimonio con la persona que los posee por derecho propio. &lt;em&gt;Rey, duquesa consorte.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, sobre el término &quot;consorte&quot;, en España se define por una parte el concepto de reina consorte de España, de cual &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reina_consorte_de_Espa%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;se dice que es&lt;/a&gt; un título de carácter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vitalicio (en caso de enviudar, conserva el título, la dignidad y el tratamiento correspondientes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, sobre el término aplicado a la nobleza &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consorte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;se dice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el caso de los títulos nobiliarios los cónyuges de duques, marqueses, condes etc. reciben el mismo tratamiento y honores que los titulares de dichas mercedes ya sean varones o mujeres. Los cónyuges viudos mantienen dichos tratamientos mientras permanezcan en tal estado, perdiéndolo en caso de contraer nuevas nupcias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T21:11:25.997" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T21:11:25.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18218" CreationDate="2016-10-01T20:05:21.420" Score="2" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, mi pregunta en español:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En inglés, hay una diferencia entre &quot;envy&quot; y &quot;jealousy.&quot;  ¿Existe esta misma distincción en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details in English:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If so, I am assuming that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;envidia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; corresonds with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;envy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;celos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;jealousy&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  Correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As requested, I am going to add some definitions.  Though I had many online resources to choose from, I really liked the way it was explained at Vocabulary.com, perhaps because it most closely resembled what I had remembered being taught in school.  First, the definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/envy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;envy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a feeling of grudging admiration and desire to have something that is possessed by another&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/jealousy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jealousy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a feeling of jealous envy (especially of a rival)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zealous vigilance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Though &quot;envy&quot; can be both a noun and a verb, to keep things simple, I only added the definitions of it as a noun.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocabulary.com actually devotes an entire page to the nuances in meaning between envy and jealousy.  In essence, the difference is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Envy is when you want what someone else has, but jealousy is when you're worried someone's trying to take what you have.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details and examples visit &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vocabulary.com/articles/chooseyourwords/envy-jealousy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vocabulary.com's page on envy and jealousy.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would rewrite this last addition in Spanish, but virtually the same thing is said in rodrigo's answer below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si lo es, estoy asumiendo que &quot;envy&quot; corresponde con &quot;envidia&quot; y &quot;jealousy&quot; con &quot;celos.&quot;  ¿Correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T07:40:22.640" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T07:40:22.640" Title="In English, there is a difference between &quot;envy&quot; and &quot;jealousy.&quot; Does this same distinction exist in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18213" CreationDate="2016-10-01T20:05:52.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presente&lt;/em&gt; es el participio activo de &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt;; el significado original de &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;hacer ser&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hacer visible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De este significado original, la acepción de &lt;em&gt;regalo&lt;/em&gt; viene porque un regalo se hace visible (se presenta) delante del regalado. Y la acepción de tiempo actual, seguramente es un epíteto que reemplaza a &lt;em&gt;día presente&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tiempo presente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, al igual que en español, existe esa misma coincidencia, probablemente, porque ambos recibieron la acepción de &lt;em&gt;regalo&lt;/em&gt; del francés (la de tiempo presente ya existía en latín). Nótese que forma más habitual de referirse a este concepto en español es &lt;em&gt;regalo&lt;/em&gt;, y en inglés es &lt;em&gt;gift&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;present/presente&lt;/em&gt; es algo más formal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T20:05:52.113" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18208" CreationDate="2016-10-01T20:47:15.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Qué&lt;/code&gt; is an interrogative or exclamative pronoun, the same as &lt;code&gt;what&lt;/code&gt;. It is easy in sentences such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres decir?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  What do you mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué tontería!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  What nonsense!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also in complex statements that are not actually questions, there can be an interrogative pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé qué quieres decir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I do not know what you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Que&lt;/code&gt; can be several different things... but basically these two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A relative pronoun, usually with an article. It is moved before the verb it complements:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé lo que dices.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I do not know the thing that you say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it refers to a person or animal (or even a thing) it will use &lt;code&gt;el que&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;la que&lt;/code&gt; depending on the gender. If it refers to a gramatical entity (as the example above) or an unknown thing it will use &lt;code&gt;lo que&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the meaning is the same as above, I translated the English differently to illustrate the different grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No conozco a la persona de la que hablas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I do not know the person you are talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A conjunction: connects two sentences into a complex one, with a lot of different meanings, (sometimes &lt;code&gt;that&lt;/code&gt;, sometimes a preposition).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que duermas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I want you to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que me voy a ir a casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I think that I am going to go home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T20:47:15.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18215" CreationDate="2016-10-01T20:58:30.427" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the definitions from the RAE dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;envidia:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Tristeza o pesar del bien ajeno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Emulación, deseo de algo que no se posee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;celos: [I'm only citing the plural form)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. Envidia del bien ajeno, o recelo de que el propio o pretendido llegue a ser alcanzado por otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in Spanish they can be seen as partial synonyms, although &lt;code&gt;celos&lt;/code&gt; has the additional meaning of &lt;code&gt;fear of somebody gaining your own goods&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading the definitions of &lt;code&gt;envy&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;jealous&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;jealousy&lt;/code&gt; redirects there), I think that your translations are pretty accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. It is worth noting that in Spanish there is the expression &lt;code&gt;envidia sana&lt;/code&gt;. The purported meaning is the &quot;just like envy but without the resentment, just wishing that I could have/do the same&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T20:58:30.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18208" CreationDate="2016-10-01T21:10:12.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, by the quick and simple explanation that your textbook gives you, it should be &quot;lo que&quot;. But that quick and simple explanation is not accurate, as you can perfectly have &quot;qué&quot; in the middle of a sentence, besides &quot;lo que&quot; at the beginning of one as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que te quería decir es... que ya no te amo.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  What I wanted to tell you is... that I don't love you anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, I find it curious that your textbook says &quot;que&quot; alone (without a preceding &quot;lo&quot;) can be translated as &quot;what&quot;. I can't think of an example where that happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, a better quick-n'-dirty list of equivalencies would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;qué = what (for what traditional grammar calls &quot;direct and indirect questions&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres hacer? / What do you want to do?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Dime qué quieres hacer. / Tell me what you want to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que = 1. that (introducing subordinate clauses: &quot;he said that she'd do it&quot;, &quot;I recommend that he go to that place&quot;); 2. that (in the construction equivalent to &quot;so...that&quot;); 3. than (in comparisons); 4. (introduces a reason, often left untranslated in English)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él dijo que ella lo haría. / He said that she'd do it. (1)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Recomiendo que vaya a ese lugar. / I recommend that he go to that place. (1)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Iba tan rápido que se tropezó y se cayó. / He was going so fast that he tripped and fell down. (2)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Soy más alto que mi esposa. / I'm taller than my wife. (3)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Ven aquí, que te voy a dar un abrazo. / Come here; I'm gonna give you a hug. (4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que = what (headless relative clauses)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lo que quiero para Navidad / what I want for Christmas&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  lo que me enojó / what made me angry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a full list of all 16 uses of &quot;qué/que&quot;, visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=que&quot;&gt;the DRAE on the RAE's website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, as for why you can say &quot;qué&quot; as well as &quot;lo que&quot; in this case, as Carlos Alejo says in a comment above, I suppose it's just a characteristic particular to the mental verbs &quot;entender&quot; 'to understand' and &quot;pensar en&quot; 'to think of'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entiendo lo que escribió. Entiendo qué escribió. / I understand what she wrote.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Pienso en lo que nos depara el futuro. Pienso en qué nos depara el futuro. /  I'm thinking of what the future holds for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Qué&quot; and &quot;lo que&quot; are in fact not usually interchangeable: (** means practically nobody says this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero lo que veo. **Quiero qué veo. / I want what I see.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Dame lo que quieras. **Dame qué quieras. / Give me what[ever] you want [to give me.]&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13694" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T21:10:12.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-02T15:21:10.763" Score="0" ViewCount="2478" Body="&lt;p&gt;How old is the Castilian phrase &lt;em&gt;a la orden?&lt;/em&gt;  Is it similar in meaning to the Mexican phrase &quot;a sus órdenes&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13812" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-02T21:26:10.053" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T09:10:09.303" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;a la orden&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-02T16:35:27.020" Score="2" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &quot;rebuke&quot; into Spanish. It is a verb. These are the three translations for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W4C4U2o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reprender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VhQ2pWs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;regañar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W5AZj56&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reprochar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference among them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Peter &lt;strong&gt;rebuked&lt;/strong&gt; to me that I didn't do well in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: &quot;reprender&quot; only means the rebuke, &quot;echar en cara&quot; and &quot;reconvenir&quot; are another translations of rebuke, &quot;regañar&quot; has more meanings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T09:31:33.040" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T09:31:33.040" Title="What is the difference among &quot;reprender&quot;, &quot;regañar&quot; and &quot;reprochar&quot; to translate &quot;rebuke&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18221" CreationDate="2016-10-02T17:05:28.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are roughly equivalent, and all they can be apt translations of &lt;em&gt;rebuke&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reprender&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is more appropriate for more &quot;formal&quot; situations, in which the person who rebukes has some authority over the other (an employer, a teacher), or where the rebuking is done with circumspection and intent of correction. &lt;strong&gt;Reconvenir&lt;/strong&gt; is a (less used) synonym.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Regañar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is for more &quot;hot&quot; situations, the person who rebukes is typically angry and tired (akin to &quot;scold&quot;). In Argentina (at least) a more used (slightly &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WGR22yF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;colloquial&lt;/a&gt;) term is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;retar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reprochar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is (rather like &lt;strong&gt;reproach&lt;/strong&gt;) to let a person know that we strongly disapprove some concrete act of him/her.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T18:25:11.877" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T18:25:11.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18224" CreationDate="2016-10-02T19:41:20.933" Score="1" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por casualidad hoy me he topado con el verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/halve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to halve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, el cual significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to divide (something) into two equal parts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to reduce (something) to one half of the original amount or size&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción que me interesa es la primera, y es que de repente no se me ocurría ningún verbo que por sí solo significase lo mismo, ya que la traducción suele ser &lt;em&gt;dividir por la mitad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;en mitades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero que se me ocurrió fue &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OkLUJV6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mediar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, pero esta palabra, a juzgar por todas sus acepciones, significa en general &amp;quot;llegar a la mitad&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;ponerse en la mitad&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;en medio&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué verbo existe en español con el significado de &lt;em&gt;to halve&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosidad: si en vez de en dos partes se quiere dividir en tres, se puede usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZXJkWzK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;terciar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;dividir algo en tres partes&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-02T19:41:20.933" Title="¿Existe un verbo en español que signifique &quot;partir por la mitad&quot; o &quot;dividir en dos partes iguales&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18223" CreationDate="2016-10-02T19:41:20.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt;, encontré dos opciones. La primera es un verbo conocido con una acepción inesperada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ULKspl3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;promediar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Repartir algo en dos partes iguales o casi iguales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la segunda es mi preferida, aunque es una opción poco usada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C8z3Uhh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;demediar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;de-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mediar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. p. us. Partir, dividir en mitades. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y siguiendo con el número de partes, para cuatro partes se puede usar &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BT17HLh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cuartear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;partir o dividir algo en cuartas partes&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-02T19:41:20.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2879" CreationDate="2016-10-02T21:11:01.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuez de castilla&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;nuez de nogal&lt;/em&gt; is the best translation for &quot;walnut&quot;. Using the generic &lt;em&gt;nuez&lt;/em&gt; is very confusing given that &lt;em&gt;nuez&lt;/em&gt; is the generic word for &quot;nut&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cashew is &lt;em&gt;marañón&lt;/em&gt;; also used but to a lesser degree is &lt;em&gt;anacardo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most used for pecan is either &lt;em&gt;pacana&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;nuez de pecán&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13817" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T06:42:06.840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T06:42:06.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18227" CreationDate="2016-10-02T22:29:24.223" Score="3" ViewCount="1991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanna translate the following into Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let's&lt;/strong&gt; make a website for remote sensing and photogrammetry real. &lt;strong&gt;Let's&lt;/strong&gt; all press &quot;commit&quot; button!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been searching around for a while but seems that there is no equivalent for &lt;code&gt;let's&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some special cases like &lt;code&gt;let's go&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;let's make it happen&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;let's make love&lt;/code&gt; have been asked on other forums but seems there is no special grammar like in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13791" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T07:02:43.930" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T13:32:23.593" Title="How to say &quot;let's&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-10-02T22:43:28.617" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use the present subjunctive in the first person plural form for the action intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hagamos clic en el botón «commit»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Let's click on the button &quot;commit&quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hablemos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Let's talk&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensemos en algo...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Let's think about something...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-10-02T22:43:28.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-10-03T06:47:22.423" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually translate &quot;let's&quot; with the Spanish &lt;em&gt;vamos a&lt;/em&gt;. Using the examples in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18227/12637&quot;&gt;guifa's answer&lt;/a&gt; (which is perfectly correct):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos a hacer clic en el botón &quot;commit&quot;!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos a hablar!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos a pensar en algo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A special case would be the translation of &quot;let's go!&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Vamos!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that this answer may be limited to some regions. At least I know that it is valid in Spain. In other regions, as commented below, you can use &lt;em&gt;vámonos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt; or just stick to the subjunctive as pointed by guifa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note the use of the exclamation marks, because if you don't write them, it seems that you are just saying &quot;we're going to press the commit button&quot; (&lt;em&gt;vamos a pulsar el botón commit&lt;/em&gt;), as in response to the question &quot;¿qué vais a hacer?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T13:32:23.593" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18220" CreationDate="2016-10-03T07:10:56.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can only give you a hint of &lt;em&gt;how old&lt;/em&gt; is the expression. First of all, we need to know that an &quot;orden&quot; is a word used to denote confraternities or societies of men, starting from the crusaders in the XII century (catholic military orders) and following with the medieval knights in the XV century (chivalry orders or knighthood orders). So it is just normal that in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1996/diccionario-de-autoridades&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;first Spanish dictionary issued between 1726 and 1739 by the Real Academia&lt;/a&gt;, the expression is already present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A la orden&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;A las órdenes&lt;/strong&gt;. Término cortesano con que alguno se ofrece a la disposición de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the term &quot;cortesano&quot; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cortesano&lt;/strong&gt;. Comedido, atento, urbano y cortés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not say that the expression was only used within the orders, it was just used as a polite expression to denote that you were at other's service. So I would say that the expression began within a civil context, and ended up in the nowaday's military organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be worth trying to discover when the word &quot;orden&quot; acquired its meaning as something that must be obeyed in Spanish. In the first Spanish dictionaries (from centuries XV and XVI), the word &quot;orden&quot; is just described as the position things have in a series, apart from the &quot;Order&quot; meaning. So maybe the expression originally could be something larger, like &quot;he de servir a la Orden&quot;, &quot;yo sirvo a la Orden X&quot;, &quot;darse a la Orden&quot; (to devote to the Order), &quot;hacer merced a la Orden&quot; (to be willing to do what the Order says), or something like that. Then the expression was shrunk to &quot;a la orden&quot; meaning &quot;sirvo a la orden de vos&quot;. But this last bit is just me supposing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T09:10:09.303" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T09:10:09.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18084" CreationDate="2016-10-03T10:02:08.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no recoge la etimología, por lo que toca remangarse y buscar en la red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen muchas hipótesis sobre el origen de la palabra “¡olé!” y sitios como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cookingideas.es/origen-ole-20130911.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cooking Ideas&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?ole.-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias de Chile&lt;/a&gt; dan fe de ello:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;hay quienes afirman que viene del griego, del verbo “ololizin”&lt;/strong&gt; (ὀλολύζειν), que es una palabra onomatopéyica y designa el grito ritual de júbilo de duelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta hipótesis se contrarresta en Etimologías de Chile con el comentario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo bastante poco probable que nuestro olé tenga algo que ver con el griego &lt;i&gt;ololyzein&lt;/i&gt;, cuyo significado práctico es más bien lanzar gritos agudos y prolongados, sobre todo por parte de las mujeres, en determinados rituales y especialmente en duelos. Esos gritos que expresa &lt;i&gt;ololyzein&lt;/i&gt; se acabaron relacionando más que nada con el dolor o lo lúgubre, o el espantar malas influencias. En griego la expresión equivalente a nuestro ¡olé! y ¡bravo!, es &lt;i&gt;kalós&lt;/i&gt;!, que es un grito alegre de aliento y alabanza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El griego &lt;i&gt;ololyzein&lt;/i&gt; puede tener la misma raíz indoeuropea *u-, que el latín &lt;i&gt;ulula&lt;/i&gt; (lechuza), a partir de la que se formó el verbo &lt;i&gt;ululare&lt;/i&gt;, que se dice de humanos y animales para la idea de aullar o lanzar gritos agudos y penetrantes o incluso agudos y largos silbidos, y que nos da nuestro verbo ulular, que tiene un significado lúgubre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigamos con las opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;hay quienes también dicen que “¡Olé!” viene del episodio de la Biblia&lt;/strong&gt; en el que Jacob es engañado el día de su boda con Raquel, al quitar el velo a la novia, descubre que en realidad se trata de Lea, no de Raquel. El público durante la ceremonia, intenta avisarle “¡Oh, Lea!”. Y de ahí derivó a olé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Pero la hipótesis más extendida y la que más cuerpo tiene es aquella que dice que &lt;strong&gt;“¡olé!” viene del árabe, de la expresión “allah”&lt;/strong&gt; (Oh, Dios), concretamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última es la que parece tener más adeptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la escritora estadounidense Elizabeth Gilbert, “¡olé!” viene de la exclamación de “¡Alá!” (Allah). Los moros solían hacer grandes celebraciones que incluían espectáculos de baile. Cuando un bailarín lograba maravillar al público con sus movimientos llenos de gracia y su arte de gran nivel, se creía que ese momento permitía a los testigos entrever el poder de Alá a través del bailarín. Por eso, cuando los bailarines embrujaban al público, este exclamaba “¡Alá!”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque una vez más en Etimologías la rechazan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Corriente&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; considera imposible que &lt;b&gt;olé&lt;/b&gt; viniera de Alá ( الله &lt;i&gt;Allâh&lt;/i&gt; ) porque ésta se pronuncia con una doble -&lt;b&gt;ll&lt;/b&gt;- velarizada que impide que la -&lt;b&gt;á&lt;/b&gt; final se pronuncie -&lt;b&gt;é&lt;/b&gt;, y porque no hay explicación entonces para la &lt;b&gt;o&lt;/b&gt;- inicial. Prefiere considerarla &amp;quot;voz de origen expresivo, como &lt;b&gt;hala&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;hola&lt;/b&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/3125958/El_origen_de_las_palabras_OLE_y_OL%C3%89&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El origen de las palabras OLE y OLÉ&lt;/a&gt; podemos ver un análisis pormenorizado del que intentaré ir añadiendo las partes más relevantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T10:02:08.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-03T17:07:14.073" Score="3" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe I now can differentiate between the non-verbs &quot;&lt;strong&gt;allá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;aya&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  However I find myself using google every time I have to write a sentence with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;halla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;haya&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (verbs).    Are there any quick rules or questions, I may ask about the sentence, that may help me choose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2021-01-31T09:07:27.233" Title="Is there a quick rule to help me choose between &quot;halla&quot; and &quot;haya&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18248" CreationDate="2016-10-03T17:19:45.610" Score="8" ViewCount="1724" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the longest time I thought the &lt;em&gt;earliest preserved published&lt;/em&gt;, or written work, in Spanish was &quot;&lt;strong&gt;El Cantar del Mío Cid&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;The Poem of the Cid&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;).  However, I ran today into the accepted answer to question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17145/podr%C3%ADa-un-hispanohablante-actual-entenderse-bien-con-uno-del-pasado/17161#17161&quot;&gt;17145&lt;/a&gt; that mentioned &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Glosas emilianenses&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as the oldest known text in Spanish (&quot;&lt;em&gt;el texto más antiguo conocido en lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a contradiction?  What is currently the &lt;em&gt;accepted&lt;/em&gt; oldest publication in Spanish?  Are we calling the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Glosas emilianenses&lt;/em&gt;&quot; simple the oldest written Spanish we know about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: In deference to comments below, I would like to define &quot;&lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as the language first known as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and I am looking for the first or  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;earliest preserved published work in Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware there is a copy of &quot;El Cantar del Mio Cid&quot; from the 14th century en  La Biblioteca Nacional de España (National Library) in Madrid, Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-02-04T05:21:33.063" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T14:47:31.750" Title="What is the earliest preserved publication in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18232" CreationDate="2016-10-03T17:21:25.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haya&lt;/strong&gt; is the subjunctive form of &lt;strong&gt;Haber&lt;/strong&gt;. It's used like this:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que &lt;strong&gt;haya&lt;/strong&gt; llegado Mario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Halla&lt;/strong&gt; is like &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;descubrir&lt;/em&gt;. Similar to &lt;em&gt;to find&lt;/em&gt;. While it sounds the same as &lt;strong&gt;Haya&lt;/strong&gt; it's very different. An example would be: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;halló&lt;/strong&gt; un perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;strong&gt;hallar&lt;/strong&gt; you won't see a verb in the past participial afterwards. For example you'll never see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;halla&lt;/strong&gt; encontrado.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Halla&lt;/strong&gt; will generally be followed by a noun that it's performing an action on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13823" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T18:23:34.600" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T18:23:34.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18238" CreationDate="2016-10-03T19:33:08.327" Score="2" ViewCount="2246" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ahí&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; de &quot;vete por ahí&quot; parece pronunciarse de dos formas diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se utiliza para indicar una dirección, se pronuncia correctamente, como palabra aguda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se utiliza como interjeción se suele pronunciar sin acentuar, como si fuera &quot;hay&quot; en vez de &quot;ahí&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esa anomalía en el habla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T06:43:13.833" Title="Pronunciación anormal de &quot;ahí&quot; en &quot;vete por ahí&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18237" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18247" CreationDate="2016-10-03T21:23:51.547" Score="4" ViewCount="1554" Body="&lt;p&gt;A menudo tengo dudas sobre cuál de los dos verbos, &quot;rallar&quot; y &quot;rayar&quot;, significa qué cosa, y tengo que consultarlo en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VEy3neE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rayar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;radiāre&lt;/em&gt; 'despedir rayos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer o tirar rayas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V5MGmE6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rallar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;rallo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desmenuzar algo restregándolo con el rallador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, más que estos significados, me confunden aun más las acepciones coloquiales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rayar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Trastornar o volver loco. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rallar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Molestar, fastidiar con importunidad y pesadez.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ejemplos de uso serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres dejar de &lt;strong&gt;rallarme&lt;/strong&gt; ya con ese tema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este código me está &lt;strong&gt;rayando&lt;/strong&gt;, no logro entender lo que hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible conocer el origen de ambas expresiones coloquiales? ¿Cómo llegaron estos verbos tan similares a adquirir estos significados también parecidos? Lo digo porque si alguien te importuna con insistencia también te puede volver loco, luego parece que ambas acepciones coloquiales puedan ser intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T10:58:38.887" Title="Origen de las acepciones coloquiales de &quot;rallar&quot; y &quot;rayar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18236" CreationDate="2016-10-04T06:43:13.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática Española&lt;/a&gt;, curiosamente, viene recogido este fenómeno en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bngyAUzzJRAhWklI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;epígrafe 17.8j&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las construcciones que se acaban de mencionar [&quot;por ahí&quot;] es habitual que &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncie como diptongo: /ái/. También se pronuncia de esta manera en otras construcciones en las que &lt;em&gt;ahí&lt;/em&gt; es adverbio de lugar, pero aparece integrado en fórmulas lexicalizadas o semilexicalizadas. La expresión &lt;em&gt;ahí está&lt;/em&gt; se usa para enfatizar en el diálogo alguna declaración previa; &lt;em&gt;vete por ahí&lt;/em&gt; se emplea en el habla coloquial como fórmula imprecativa; &lt;em&gt;ahí ahí&lt;/em&gt; se usa con el sentido de &quot;aproximadamente igual(es)&quot; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se pronuncia /ái/ cuando el adverbio pierde su sentido literal de &quot;en ese sitio&quot;, o cuando dicho significado no es totalmente relevante, y se integra dentro de otras expresiones. Así, en &lt;em&gt;vete por ahí&lt;/em&gt;, lo importante no es adónde te vayas, sino simplemente que te vayas, y al perder importancia el adverbio se acaba pronunciando &quot;vete porái&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T06:43:13.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18243" CreationDate="2016-10-04T10:14:16.590" Score="3" ViewCount="4473" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión para indicar que nada más empezar, algo ha salido mal. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luis.— En cuanto me bajé del andén, me robaron la maleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan.— La primera, en la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce el origen de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T07:16:44.987" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión «La primera, en la frente»?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18241" CreationDate="2016-10-04T10:48:20.310" Score="5" ViewCount="1400" Body="&lt;p&gt;In computing, a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_build&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;build&lt;/a&gt; is a compiled piece of software; that is, the actual product or result of the compilation process. I've found sources on the web which use &quot;&lt;em&gt;compilación&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but I feel this describes rather the process and not the end product, which is what the English term designates. Is there a better word for this in Spanish, which more closely describes the English term?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13828" LastEditorUserId="13828" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T11:05:39.093" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T09:26:39.670" Title="Is there a word/term for a (software) build in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2016-10-04T11:03:58.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that the DLE is updated with the modern meaning of &lt;em&gt;compilar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A11NS9d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;compilar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;compilāre&lt;/em&gt; 'plagiar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Allegar o reunir en un solo cuerpo de obra, partes, extractos o materias de otros varios libros o documentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Inform. Convertir un programa en lenguaje máquina a partir de otro programa de computadora escrito en otro lenguaje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second meaning is the new one, but the verb also has an old meaning, that also appears in the derivated word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0xFJKG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;compilación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;compilatio&lt;/em&gt;, -ōnis 'saqueo', 'plagio'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de compilar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Obra que reúne informaciones, preceptos o doctrinas aparecidas antes por separado o en otras obras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking the first meaning, it seems that as you say, a &lt;em&gt;compilación&lt;/em&gt; is the process of &lt;em&gt;building the build&lt;/em&gt;. But the second meaning refers to an already compilated work. So taking this second meaning, we can infer that a &lt;em&gt;compilación&lt;/em&gt; is also the produced &lt;em&gt;build&lt;/em&gt;, by the similarities in the concepts of &lt;em&gt;build&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;compilation&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you seek other alternatives, maybe &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fc6AACO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ensamblado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;ensamblar&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;preparar un programa en lenguaje máquina a partir de un programa en lenguaje simbólico&quot;), &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;construcción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;compilado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;build&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; could work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T11:03:58.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18242" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-04T11:32:52.453" Score="3" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any verb in Spanish meaning &quot;to drive through&quot;? As in the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Peter wants &lt;strong&gt;to drive through&lt;/strong&gt; the city from East to West to get to his house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;andar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;atravesar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;irradiar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pasar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;recorrer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T12:46:49.977" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T13:33:01.930" Title="Spanish verb meaning &quot;to drive through&quot; the city?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18239" CreationDate="2016-10-04T11:36:03.520" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=6h88AAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA14-PR1&amp;amp;dq=%22la+primera+en+la+frente%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiYkIK2hsHPAhUGORQKHXCRBFUQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22la%20primera%20en%20la%20frente%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Breve instrucción de como se ha de administrar el sacramento de la penitencia&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (1581):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;[...] todo fiel christiano esta obligado a tener devocion con la santa cruz de Jesucristo nuestro señor [...], y por tanto nos hemos de acostumbrar, a signar y santiguar, haziendo tres cruzes. &lt;strong&gt;La primera en la frente&lt;/strong&gt;, porque nos libre Dios de malos pensamientos. &lt;strong&gt;La segunda en la boca&lt;/strong&gt;, porque nos libre Dios de malas palabras. &lt;strong&gt;La tercera en los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;, porque nos libre Dios de malas obras [...]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta forma de &lt;strike&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XGAuHt5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;santiguarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xr7vCdE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;signarse&lt;/a&gt; aparece no solamente en este texto, sino en muchos textos religiosos desde el siglo XVI (y posiblemente antes) hasta ahora, para enseñar a la gente la forma correcta de hacerlo, repitiendo la expresión &quot;la primera en la frente&quot;. De hecho, ha llegado hasta la definición actual de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer con los dedos índice y pulgar de la mano derecha cruzados, o solo con el pulgar, tres cruces, &lt;strong&gt;la primera en la frente&lt;/strong&gt;, la segunda en la boca y la tercera en el pecho, pidiendo a Dios que nos libre de nuestros enemigos. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto así, es normal que cuando te pasaba algo malo y tuvieras tendencia a los malos pensamientos, palabras u obras, te santiguaras para evitarlo, o que tu interlocutor te dijera &quot;la primera en la frente&quot; para que supieras por dónde tenías que empezar a santiguarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, uno de los significados de &quot;santiguarse&quot; es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BOPN2zP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse cruces&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, lo cual significa &quot;demostrar la admiración o extrañeza que causa algo&quot;, expresión apropiada también para la situación del ejemplo, y que podría explicar también el origen de la expresión. Esta expresión aparece ya en el primer diccionario de la RAE (de autoridades, 1729), y pone como ejemplo el Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Llegó Sancho, y como vió el rostro del Bachiller Carrasco, comenzó a hacerse mil cruces, y à santiguarse otras tantas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T07:16:44.987" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T07:16:44.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2016-10-04T12:20:52.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term you´re looking for is &quot;programa&quot;. It´s used to define the compiled build, but it can also be used to define the source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you´re in a technical context, you can use &quot;compilación&quot;, but it really is the process of compiling. In spanish you can use the present participle as a name. But outside the technical context the word used is &quot;programa&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13830" LastEditorUserId="13830" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T12:26:10.317" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T12:26:10.317" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18242" CreationDate="2016-10-04T12:38:01.363" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cruzar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; seems to me like the right choice (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BOfplQC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see DLE, meaning 4&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Atravesar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4KAfNef&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;meaning 6&lt;/a&gt;) looks good too, but it &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; also mean the starting and ending points are not necessarily &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; the city. (Quite like &lt;em&gt;drive through&lt;/em&gt; though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Peter quiere cruzar/atravesar la ciudad de este a oeste para llegar a su casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VV8nBVl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recorrer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; also means what you want, but may add some ambiguity since usually it implies you make a number of stops (as in a trip/vacation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the other synonyms you cite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2ZGgAPa%7C2ZIziL7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: although you &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; say &lt;em&gt;andar la ciudad&lt;/em&gt;, the verb in its intransitive form is too general (nearly like to go), with a lot of meanings that imply a number of different nuances. Also its use as a transitive verb is not that common.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Irradiar&lt;/em&gt; implies a spreading. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M7ESExh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;, it is a good choice for a translation of &lt;em&gt;to irradiate&lt;/em&gt; in the physical sense, that might also extend to a figurative one. I've also seen it used e.g. in architecture for a number of paths departing from a point in different directions or the like.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasar&lt;/em&gt;. Even if the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DLE suggests&lt;/a&gt; that it could be used in this situation, I'd advise against it, since all examples I can think of involve that both the starting and ending point are outside the city.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that none of these verbs adds the sense that you are going &lt;em&gt;by car&lt;/em&gt;, let alone &lt;em&gt;driving it yourself&lt;/em&gt;. If you want to put the emphasis on that, I'd use &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OB053xL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (in Latin America) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AChIusj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;conducir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (in Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuve que manejar de un extremo a otro de la ciudad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I had to drive through the city from end to end)&lt;/em&gt;: the &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt; part is not in the meaning of the verb, but in the complement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T13:33:01.930" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T13:33:01.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2016-10-04T12:55:43.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The world you're looking for is &quot;Ejecutable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En informática, un ejecutable o archivo ejecutable, es tradicionalmente un archivo binario, o como se le conoce habitualmente, cuyo contenido se interpreta por el ordenador como un programa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejecutable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ejecutable, Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13577" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T12:55:43.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18237" CreationDate="2016-10-04T14:37:59.963" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Rayarse&lt;/code&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;estar rayado&lt;/em&gt;) es un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NiZ82ll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lunfardismo&lt;/a&gt; que aparentemente (yo lo ignoraba) se hizo lo suficientemente popular, al menos en España, para que el DRAE le quitara la marca de localismo. La tenía en la edición anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?val=rayarse&amp;amp;submit.x=0&amp;amp;submit.y=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rayar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;10.&lt;/strong&gt; prnl. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Arg.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Chile&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Ur.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=zCjgeoFH8DXX2JrNpg9b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enloquecer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (‖ volverse loco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;R.A.E.: Diccionario de la lengua española (2001)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen está en la analogía del loco con el &lt;em&gt;disco rayado&lt;/em&gt;, que hace que la púa salte de un lado para el otro, resultando en sonidos incoherentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sitio &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?rayado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias.dechile.net&lt;/a&gt; dice más o menos lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra RAYADO se usa para describir a alguien &quot;rayado de la cabeza&quot;, o sea que transmite siempre la misma loquera. Antiguamente, se escuchaban temas musicales en una vitrola o tocadisco. Este aparato hacia girar un disco que tenía un surco espiral. Sobre este surco se ponía la aguja de un brazo fonocaptor, el cual convertía las vibraciones de la aguja en el surco del disco a sonidos musicales. A veces el disco se rayaba y el surco en vez de ir en forma espiral se convertía en círculo. Esto hacía que se repitiera el mismo sonido en cada rotación del disco. A esa repeti.. a esa repeti... a esa repeti... &gt;&gt; (imaginen eso constantemente, hasta que uno le mueve la aguja y...) irrk &gt;&gt; tición se le llamaba &quot;disco rayado&quot;. De ahí la gente empezó a decir &quot;suenas como disco rayado&quot;, y de ahí se simplificó a &quot;estás rayado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a &lt;code&gt;rallar&lt;/code&gt;, la palabra es un cognado del francés &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/fres/railler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;railler&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (burlarse, bromear) y del portugués &lt;em&gt;ralhar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/DLPO/ralhar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ra·lhar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;verbo intransitivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Falar em voz alta e em tom de repreensão.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Repreender gritando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa [em linha], 2008-2013&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provienen, según algunos, del latín &lt;em&gt;*ragulare&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;ragere&lt;/em&gt; (vociferar), y no tienen que ver con el &lt;code&gt;rallar&lt;/code&gt; del queso rallado, que viene de &lt;code&gt;rallo&lt;/code&gt; (rallador), y éste del latín &lt;em&gt;rallum&lt;/em&gt;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;radere&lt;/em&gt; (raer). &lt;sub&gt;(Corominas y Pascual, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Etimológico&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, no existe relación (al menos originalmente) entre el &lt;code&gt;rallar&lt;/code&gt; de molestar y el de desmenuzar, pero sí entre el primero, el portugués &lt;em&gt;ralhar&lt;/em&gt;, el francés &lt;em&gt;railler&lt;/em&gt; y el latín &lt;em&gt;ragere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T10:58:38.887" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T10:58:38.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18234" CreationDate="2016-10-04T17:43:50.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Languages evolve slowly, and Spanish evolved (mainly) from Latin. There are many shades of gray, and it's not easy to determine without ambiguity if some old text corresponds to what we call Spanish.  Your definition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would like to define &quot;Spanish&quot; as the language first known as &quot;Castellano&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_medieval#Historia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;not very useful&lt;/a&gt; in this regard. Actually, the language spoken in Spain between (say) 1000 and 1500 is known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some (respected, it seems) scholars argue that &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodicia_de_Kesos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Noditia de kesos&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, an inventory of cheese from year 980, is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2010/11/07/castillayleon/1289123856.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;most antique text&lt;/a&gt; that reflects in written form the new spoken languages that were replacing Latin in the common people speak. This can hardly be called Old Spanish, or even less &quot;Castillian&quot;, though (&quot; &lt;em&gt;it represents an Iberian Romance predating any useful distinction between Leonese and Castilian&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodicia_de_kesos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ref&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other argue that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glosas_Emilianenses&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Glosas Emilianenses&lt;/a&gt; conserves the oldest text in Old Spanish, but this is also disputed (&lt;em&gt;&quot;There is still some debate as to whether the Iberian Romance language of the glosses should be classed as an early form of Castilian or of Aragonese, although some recent studies show that most features belong indeed to the latter.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantar_de_Mio_Cid&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantar of Mio Cid&lt;/a&gt; (around 1150) is, if not the oldest, the oldest that has relevance, both for its length, quality and influence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T17:43:50.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="973" CreationDate="2016-10-04T18:01:57.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, the &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; term would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;descanso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Laboral/rdleg1-1995.t1.html#a34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Estatuto de los Trabajadores Art 34.4&lt;/a&gt; states:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Siempre que la duración de la jornada diaria continuada exceda de seis horas, deberá establecerse un &lt;strong&gt;período de descanso&lt;/strong&gt; durante la misma de duración no inferior a quince minutos. Este &lt;strong&gt;período de descanso&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is &lt;em&gt;informally&lt;/em&gt; referred to as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pymesyautonomos.com/legalidad/la-pausa-para-el-bocadillo-no-es-tiempo-efectivo-de-trabajo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pausa para el bocadillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Tribunal Supremo acaba de ratificar en una sentencia que la &lt;strong&gt;pausa para el bocadillo&lt;/strong&gt; no es tiempo efectivo de trabajo al amparo de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T18:01:57.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18239" CreationDate="2016-10-05T06:10:04.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con la excelente respuesta de Carlos Alejo, sobre el origen de la expresión. Pero para mayor precisión quisiera matizar que la forma de hacer la &lt;a href=&quot;http://elprotocoloenlasantamisa.blogspot.com.es/p/santiguarse-y-persignarse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;señal de la cruz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; descrita parece que se denomina &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;signar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;persignar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... lo hacemos con la yema del dedo pulgar de la mano derecha, haciendo pequeñas cruces respectivamente sobre la frente, los labios y el corazón...,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T09:13:45.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="973" CreationDate="2016-10-05T08:35:51.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Río de la Plata y seguramente en el resto de Latinoamérica también, refiriéndose a un trabajo, informalmente se utiliza el término &lt;strong&gt;descanso&lt;/strong&gt; mientras que una opción más formal sería &lt;strong&gt;receso&lt;/strong&gt;. En caso de tratarse de estudiantes, se utiliza &lt;strong&gt;recreo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13840" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T08:40:53.220" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T08:40:53.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18031" CreationDate="2016-10-05T13:17:49.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vayamos por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comencemos con que el 70% del léxico del español proviene del latín, porcentaje que sube hasta el 85% si nos ceñimos al vocabulario de uso cotidiano. Y me atrevería a decir que si pensamos solamente en los verbos, el porcentaje es aun más alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín existían cuatro declinaciones posibles para los verbos (excluyendo las formas mixtas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbos con infinitivo acabado en -are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbos con infinitivo acabado en -ere, con la primera &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; larga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbos con infinitivo acabado en -ere, con la primera &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; corta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbos con infinitivo acabado en -ire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín existían 10 vocales: las versiones largas y cortas de nuestras cinco vocales. Los infinitivos de la segunda declinación eran llanos porque en la terminación tenían una &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; larga, mientras que los de la tercera declinación eran esdrújulos, al tener la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; corta y pasar el acento a la sílaba anterior. En las declinaciones primera y cuarta, los infinitivos eran también llanos al ser largas la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; de las terminaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posteriormente, en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%ADn_vulgar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;latín vulgar&lt;/a&gt; que sucedió al latín clásico se produjo por una parte la pérdida de muchas vocales átonas, entre las que se incluyeron las terminaciones de los verbos. Y por otra parte se produjo una fusión de las declinaciones verbales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La primera declinación del latín vulgar corresponde con la primera del clásico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La segunda declinación del latín vulgar se quedó con una parte de los verbos de la segunda y tercera del clásico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La tercera declinación del latín vulgar se quedó con la cuarta del clásico más el resto de verbos de la segunda y tercera (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;dicere&lt;/em&gt; pasó a ser &lt;em&gt;dezir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El proceso de eliminación de vocales hizo que el acento pasara a la última sílaba en la mayoría de los infinitivos (al pasar a acabar todos en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt;), y la fusión entre la segunda y tercera formas de declinar del latín clásico hizo que cuando apareció el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_medieval&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;castellano medieval&lt;/a&gt; (allá por el siglo IX), ya todos los verbos eran agudos en el infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, este proceso de fusión debió de tener lugar de distintas formas según la región. Se ve que en catalán se mantuvo la posición de la sílaba tónica en el infinitivo de algunos verbos (seguramente la mayoría acabados en &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt;). ¿Por qué el castellano tuvo esta fusión definitiva de la segunda declinación, mientras que el catalán no? Posiblemente tenga que ver con lo que comentamos al principio de las vocales largas y cortas. En castellano las vocales se redujeron a cinco, eliminando la distinción entre vocales largas y cortas, con lo que ya no tenía sentido distinguir entre verbos acabados en &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; agudos y llanos. En cambio, en catalán sí que se mantuvo esa distinción en algunas vocales, como la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, y se pudo mantener la distinción entre las dos declinaciones (acabados en &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; llanos, como &lt;em&gt;témer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;córrer&lt;/em&gt;, conjugación IIa del catalán, y acabados en &lt;em&gt;-re&lt;/em&gt; llanos porque perdieron la vocal tónica, como &lt;em&gt;perdre&lt;/em&gt;, conjugación IIb del catalán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reconozco que parte de lo aquí expresado son suposiciones mías (y admito además mi alto grado de desconocimiento del catalán), dado que no he encontrado textos que traten el tema en profundidad. Aun así, espero que la explicación te encaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:17:49.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T14:26:34.767" Score="3" ViewCount="3013" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you call dash in Spanish? I mean this symbol: &lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggesions: guion, guión, raya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T14:34:14.383" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T14:40:46.880" Title="What is the symbol &quot;-&quot; called?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18254" CreationDate="2016-10-05T14:33:45.267" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is a &lt;strong&gt;guion&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;guión&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas says on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=guion&quot;&gt;guion&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;guion&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; o guión. Este signo ortográfico (&lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt;) no debe confundirse con la raya (&lt;code&gt;—&lt;/code&gt;). Ambos se representan por medio de un trazo horizontal, pero el guion es de una longitud sensiblemente menor que la de la raya (→ raya). Para la doble acentuación de esta palabra, → guion1 o guión. El guion se usa en los casos siguientes (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may be also surprised by the fact that it can or cannot use accent. This is why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en la última edición de la Ortografía académica (1999) se establece que toda combinación de vocal cerrada átona y abierta tónica se considere diptongo a efectos de acentuación gráfica. Por ello, en guion y otras palabras en la misma situación, como ion, muon, pion, prion, Ruan, Sion y truhan, se da preferencia a la grafía sin tilde, aunque se permite que aquellos hablantes que pronuncien estas voces en dos sílabas puedan seguir tildándolas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T14:33:45.267" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1865" CreationDate="2016-10-05T16:48:38.007" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para siempre&lt;/em&gt; = Always (used in common speech).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por siempre&lt;/em&gt; = Forever (used in poetic contexts).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13844" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T06:35:01.730" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T06:35:01.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="973" CreationDate="2016-10-05T20:35:09.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entrevisto a muchas personas de América Latina que trabajan en los Estados Unidos (mayormente mexicanos que no tienen mucha educación formal)  sobre temas y quejas laborales, y encouentro que la mayoría utiliza el término inglés... &quot;break&quot;. Por ejemplo, &quot;nunca me dan mis break ni mi lonche...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre utilizo &quot;descanso&quot; (y &quot;almuerzo&quot; por supuesto, cuando hablo de &quot;lunch break&quot;) y me entienden sin problemas, pero es común que sigan respondiendo con &quot;break&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13847" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T02:18:52.683" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T02:18:52.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T21:40:26.103" Score="1" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how I should say the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This will help it &lt;strong&gt;be seen&lt;/strong&gt; on more news feeds&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esto lo ayudará ........  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But out of curiosity I decided to generalize my question. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/ver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanish Dict&lt;/a&gt; suggests the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/ver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;linked&lt;/a&gt; conjugation for the verb &lt;code&gt;to see = ver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Corresponding to each active conjugation we should have its passive (if it's like English). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see ---&gt; I am seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I saw ----&gt; I was seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I used to see ----&gt; I used to be seen&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would see ----&gt; I would be seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I will see ----&gt; I will be seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have seen ----&gt; I have been seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I had seen ----&gt; I had been seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would have seen ----&gt; I would have been seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I will have seen ----&gt; I will have been seen by&lt;br&gt;&#xA;to see ----&gt; to be seen  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then which structure does the role of the structure &lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt; + past participle in Spanish?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Or how is the passive voice and so the passive infinitive made in Spanish?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How is the passive voice conjugated?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13791" LastEditorUserId="13791" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T13:37:43.280" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:50:35.927" Title="How do you conjugate verbs in passive voice in Spanish and how do you make passive infinitives?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18259" CreationDate="2016-10-06T00:16:36.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't really want us to fill in all your conjugations, do you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Passive in Spanish is similar to English. Just conjugate the &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; verb and add the participle &lt;em&gt;visto&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;vistos&lt;/em&gt; if plural, or &lt;em&gt;vista&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;vistas&lt;/em&gt; if feminine). For example: &lt;em&gt;yo veo -&gt; yo soy visto&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;nosotros hubiéramos visto -&gt; nosotros hubiéramos sido vistos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beware! In &lt;em&gt;nosotros hubiéramos sido vistos&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;sido&lt;/em&gt; part is invariant, while the &lt;em&gt;vistos&lt;/em&gt; is in concordance with the passive subject &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Spanish speakers prefer the reflexive passive: &lt;em&gt;yo soy visto -&gt; se me ve&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;nosotros hubiéramos sido vistos -&gt; se nos hubiera visto&lt;/em&gt;, that is somewhat easier. That way, your original phrase would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto ayudará a que se vea en más &lt;em&gt;feeds&lt;/em&gt; de noticias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your difficult conjugations, actually nothing special:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Infinitive: &lt;em&gt;ver -&gt; ser visto&lt;/em&gt;, reflexive passive would be &lt;em&gt;verse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imperative &lt;em&gt;ve -&gt; sé visto&lt;/em&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;ved -&gt; sed vistos&lt;/em&gt;. Reflexive would be constructed similar to the third person imperative, with the present subjuntive and beginning with &lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Que se te vea&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:50:35.927" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:50:35.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:43:01.993" Score="2" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hago esta pregunta sabiendo que puede ser off-topic, pero no quería dejar de compartir una curiosidad que descubrí hace unos días. En una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18064/12637&quot;&gt;pregunta anterior&lt;/a&gt; comenté una definición ciertamente curiosa del verbo dormir, aparecida en la primera versión del diccionario de la RAE. Esta definición se mantuvo en el diccionario hasta su versión de 1783, la cual decía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DORMIR.&lt;/strong&gt; Tomar reposo y descansar la misma naturaleza, quando pierde el uso de los sentidos, para recobrar las fuerzas, agotadas por la vigilia, ó el cansancio: lo qual se causa levantando al celebro ciertos vapores que le ocupan, y digeridos allí, se vuelven a derramar por el cuerpo hechos espíritus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición, que hoy día nos parece ciertamente increíble, se vio drásticamente modificada en la siguiente versión del diccionario de la RAE (1791), apenas ocho años más tarde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DORMIR.&lt;/strong&gt; Quedar en aquel reposo natural, que llamamos sueño, el qual consiste en cierta inacción, ó suspensión de todos los sentidos y de todo movimiento voluntario. Úsase también como recíproco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Semejante variación en la definición me hace pensar que a finales del siglo XVIII tuvo que haber una fuerte corriente de pensamiento que afectó profundamente a los catedráticos que componían el diccionario de la academia. O eso o que recibió fuertes críticas por la definición anterior por parte de algunos sectores de la sociedad. &lt;strong&gt;¿Alguien sabe qué pudo ser el motor que causara que la RAE modificara de semejante forma el diccionario en aquella época? ¿Qué circunstancias históricas culminaron con una revolución en las definiciones que se venían arrastrando durante todo el siglo XVIII?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas modificaciones se pueden ver a lo largo de todo el diccionario. Otro ejemplo claro es la definición de &quot;dios&quot; en 1783:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DIOS.&lt;/strong&gt; Nombre sagrado del primer y supremo ente necesario, eterno é infinito, cuyo ser como se puede comprehender no se puede definir, y solo se puede sacar de sus sagrados oráculos, que es el que es principio y fin de todas las cosas: que crió el universo por su poder, que le conserva por su bondad, que le rige por su providencia, que todo pende de su voluntad, y procede de su magnificencia infinita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DIOS.&lt;/strong&gt; Entre los Gentiles se dió este nombre, aunque impropiamente, á qualquiera de las falsas Deidades que fingió la idolatría; como el DIOS Apolo, el DIOS Marte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y que en 1791 se suavizó a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DIOS.&lt;/strong&gt; Nombre sagrado del supremo ser, Criador del Universo que le conserva y rige por su providencia. 2. Entre los Gentiles se dió este nombre á qualquiera de las falsas deidades que veneraban; como: el DIOS Apolo, el DIOS Marte [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T06:44:15.653" Title="¿Qué contexto histórico o corriente de pensamiento afectó a la RAE a finales del siglo XVIII?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T09:33:24.233" Score="1" ViewCount="523" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible que en este contexto la conjunción final &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt; tenga valor condicional? (=  &lt;em&gt;Algo muy raro debe haber ocurrido si te presentas en mi casa&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Debe haber ocurrido algo para que todos estén preocupados por él. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Algo muy raro debe haber ocurrido para que te presentes en mi&#xA;  casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T09:18:48.787" Title="¿&quot;Para que&quot; con valor condicional?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T10:49:25.550" Score="1" ViewCount="477" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would you call &lt;strong&gt;shaft&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish? It is a vertical air passage, it leads below the ground level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UNhen.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UNhenm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions: tiro, caja, canal, cubilote, mina, pozo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T13:34:29.023" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T13:34:29.023" Title="How do you call &quot;shaft&quot; in Spanish, meaning a vertical air passage?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18267" CreationDate="2016-10-06T13:12:43.543" Score="5" ViewCount="995" Body="&lt;p&gt;My teacher showed my class a sentence and asked us to conjugate the verb correctly: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No conozco a un chico que [estudiar] español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that the verb should be conjugated in the indicative (&lt;code&gt;estudia&lt;/code&gt;) because it is a fact that 'I do not know such a child.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, my teacher insists that it should be in the subjunctive: &lt;code&gt;estudie&lt;/code&gt;. She is the teacher, so I assume she is right, but could anyone please explain why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13855" LastEditorUserId="8966" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T19:46:52.080" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T20:19:54.050" Title="Is it correct to say &quot;No conozco a un chico que 'estudie' español&quot; or shouldn't it be 'estudia'?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18263" CreationDate="2016-10-06T13:14:47.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el siguiente documento &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/17664512/ASCENSORES-Y-ELEVADORES&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ascensores o elevadores&lt;/a&gt; se define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caja&lt;/strong&gt;: es el recinto o espacio que en un edificio o estructura, se&#xA;  destina para emplazar el ascensor. También se lo denomina &lt;strong&gt;hueco&lt;/strong&gt; o&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;pasadizo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro nombre utilizado en dicho documento para describir el concepto es el de &lt;strong&gt;guía vertical&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T13:14:47.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18264" CreationDate="2016-10-06T14:48:59.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's &quot;estudie&quot;. 100% sure. You can also say &quot;esté estudiando&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always take a look at the DPD. Entry for &quot;que&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.1. Introduce oraciones subordinadas sustantivas en función de sujeto: «No le gusta que su mujer &lt;strong&gt;trabaje&lt;/strong&gt;» (Hoy [Chile] 11-17.7.84);&#xA;  de complemento directo: «¡Yo no quiero que &lt;strong&gt;te vayas&lt;/strong&gt;!» (Santiago Sueño&#xA;  [P. Rico 1996]); y de término de preposición, en secuencias que&#xA;  funcionan como complemento de un sustantivo o de un adjetivo, o como&#xA;  complemento de régimen de un verbo: «Despertó su temor el hecho de que&#xA;  la tía Julia &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; boliviana» (VLlosa Tía [Perú 1977]); «Estoy segura&#xA;  de que lo lograrás» (O’Donnell Vincent [Arg. 1982]); «Gregorio&#xA;  insistió en que no necesitaba absolutamente nada» (Padilla Jardín&#xA;  [Cuba 1981]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13563" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T14:48:59.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18264" CreationDate="2016-10-06T15:27:31.683" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No conozco a un chico que estudie español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because you use the negation (No conozco)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: People usually say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No conozco a ningún chico que estudie español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use the affirmative you need to use the indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conozco un chico que estudia español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usamos el subjuntivo en clausulas subordinadas también cuando la&#xA;  clausula principal expresa una duda. Las dudas expresan ambigüedad y&#xA;  por eso, no podemos usar el indicativo. La negación también requiere&#xA;  el subjuntivo en la clausula subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo que Camilo padezca de artritis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I doubt that Camilo suffers from arthritis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que el médico sepa el diagnóstico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I don’t believe that the doctor knows the diagnosis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los verbos de percepción física o mental en oraciones afirmativas usan&#xA;  indicativo; en las negativas, indicativo o subjuntivo. En oraciones&#xA;  negativas, el indicativo hace referencia al compromiso del hablante&#xA;  con la verdad de la oración subordinada, mientras que con el&#xA;  subjuntivo no hay este compromiso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre estos verbos introductores&#xA;  están: averiguar, comprobar, criticar, darse cuenta de, entender,&#xA;  escuchar, fijarse en, garantizar, informar de, mirar, notar, oír,&#xA;  percibir, prever, recordar, saber, sentir, soñar, suponer, ver,&#xA;  verificar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.olemiss.edu/spanish/campiglio/downloads/p_336-342.ppsx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El subjuntivo para las dudas y la negación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wmx.worldmatrix.de/media/download_gallery/el_subjuntivo.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reglas de español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="8966" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T14:03:38.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T14:03:38.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18187" CreationDate="2016-10-06T19:03:01.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use the perfect a lot en English to represent an ongoing event. When I was teaching I told my students that the way to think about &quot;how long have you...&quot; is to think &quot;how much time does it make&quot;. ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que vive aquí? = How much time does it make that you live (are living) here? Not necessarily good English but it follows the Spanish if you are trying to translate directly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps some,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13860" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T19:50:00.847" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T19:50:00.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18272" CreationDate="2016-10-07T12:11:32.117" Score="4" ViewCount="16870" Body="&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo más claro lo encontramos en blogs de internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podríamos encontrar artículos cuyo título es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo vestir este otoño a la moda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo enamorar a una chica en 10 pasos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esto sería así correcto? O debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo vestir este otoño a la moda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo enamorar a una chica en 10 pasos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿con interrogación o sin ella?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, ¿ese &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; debería llevar tilde tal como he puesto en los ejemplos o hay que quitarla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si se tratase de una frase compuesta como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué es la moda y cómo vestir este otoño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt;, al estar en el interior de la frase, ¿llevaría tilde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5413" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T13:09:25.523" Title="¿Las preguntas en modo afirmación llevan interrogación? ¿Y tilde?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18271" CreationDate="2016-10-07T12:28:47.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pueden omitirse los signos de interrogación en algunos casos, como enunciados interrogativos independientes que constituyen el título de una obra, un capítulo, o en este caso, el título de un artículo, o también a veces se omiten los signos de interrogación en las interrogativas retóricas, como en las que no se formula una verdadera pregunta, sino que se expresa indirectamente una aseveración. Aun así también es correcto poner interrogaciones en los ejemplos que has dado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las tildes, en los pronombres, como qué y cómo, debes ponerles siempre tilde si son pronombres interrogativos. En las oraciones interrogativas, como las que has dado, siempre hay algún pronombre interrogativo que llevará tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase compuesta, ya que se compone de dos oraciones interrogativas, tanto el &quot;qué&quot; como el &quot;cómo&quot; llevarán tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8325" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T12:28:47.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18271" CreationDate="2016-10-07T13:09:25.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Pablo Fergus es buena, pero tengo una observación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las tildes, en los pronombres, como qué y cómo, debes ponerles siempre tilde si son pronombres interrogativos. En las oraciones interrogativas, como las que has dado, siempre hay algún pronombre interrogativo que llevará tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Técnicamente correcto, pero prácticamente inservible. ¿Cuándo son pronombres interrogativos? Esa es precisamente la duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sigas ninguna regla inexistente sobre que llevan tilde si van entre signos de interrogación o exclamación, etc. Estos pronombres llevan tilde cuando son tónicos. El &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt; es este: que sean tónicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pronuncias igual el primer «qué» y el segundo «que» en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres? ¿Que te dé más dinero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? Me imagino que no. El primero lleva tilde porque es tónico. El segundo, no, por ser átono. Por supuesto, porque el primero es pronombre interrogativo y el segundo es conjunción completiva. Pero si estás haciendo esta pregunta es porque esa guía no te vale...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T13:09:25.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18605" CreationDate="2016-10-07T17:06:12.030" Score="2" ViewCount="1448" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce acerca del origen de la locución &lt;strong&gt;igual y&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Se usa en tu lugar de origen? Esta locución es ampliamente usada en México, por lo menos en el centro, y se usa como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;tal vez&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;es probable&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt;, o como frase introductoria de una proposición/sugerencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Crees que mañana tengamos clase?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Igual y no. (Posiblemente no, Tal vez no.) El maestro está enfermo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Igual y llueve mañana, mejor no hagamos planes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Podemos ir a comer comida china.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —O igual (y) podemos comer pizza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en el ejemplo 2 se está usando presente indicativo (llueve) en lugar de presente subjuntivo (llueva), no hay posibilidad de usar llueva, como si usaramos tal vez o posiblemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal vez llueva mañana, mejor no hagamos planes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo 3 se está usando a modo de introducir una sugerencia. Siendo &quot;y&quot; una palabra alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T11:28:31.787" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:07:20.790" Title="¿Dónde se usa la locución &quot;igual y&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-07T17:44:05.723" Score="7" ViewCount="1846" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído un articulo (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/01/08/donald-trump-may-win-this-years-word-of-the-year/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;They as gender-neutral third-person singular personal pronoun&lt;/a&gt;) que habla sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;They&lt;/em&gt; como gender-neutral third-person singular personal pronoun en la lengua inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me di cuenta de que en español se usa de la misma manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, imagina que alguien te llama a tu casa, tú no estás y algún familiar toma el recado. Cuando llegas a casa quien tomó el recado te dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- Te &lt;strong&gt;llamaron&lt;/strong&gt; hace un momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu- ¿Quién llamó? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- No sé. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu- ¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;dijeron&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- &lt;strong&gt;Dijeron&lt;/strong&gt; que luego te llaman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo estamos usando un &quot;ellos&quot; como singular para referirnos a una persona que no conocemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que usamos &lt;strong&gt;ellos&lt;/strong&gt; en lugar de &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- &lt;strong&gt;Ellos te llamaron&lt;/strong&gt; hace un momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu- ¿Quién llamó? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- No sé. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu- ¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;dijeron Ellos&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Familiar- &lt;strong&gt;Ellos dijeron&lt;/strong&gt; que luego te llaman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿creen que sea algún rasgo heredado del latín? El latín influyó bastante en el inglés, y tal vez podría haberlo heredado (hipotéticamente) tal como los tiempos compuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabe alguien si ocurre algo similar en otros idiomas romances?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-10-30T18:05:05.070" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T19:56:26.110" Title="Uso de &quot;Ellos&quot; como pronombre singular en tercera persona" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18308" CreationDate="2016-10-07T21:37:21.333" Score="3" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado en más de una ocasión referirse a ciertos países con un artículo antes, como en &lt;em&gt;viajaré a &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; China&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;me quedo en &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; Perú&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo nunca he escuchado que se refieran a mi país como &lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;nos veremos en &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; Chile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí lo he escuchado en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Éste es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; Chile de hoy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero supongo es un uso distinto del que describí al principio. Por tanto, ¿cuál es el uso del artículo &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; en este último caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2712" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T10:20:15.203" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T14:12:11.677" Title="¿Cuál es el uso de 'el' en &quot;Éste es 'el' Chile de hoy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18277" CreationDate="2016-10-08T12:32:26.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your second question about why we say &lt;em&gt;Éste es el Chile de hoy&lt;/em&gt; it is presumably because we have in mind an infinite number of hypothetical Chiles, the one of today, the one of yesterday, the one of 11 September 1973, and so on. We wish to distinguish which particular one we are talking about now. So the logic is like the difference between &lt;em&gt;un vino tinto&lt;/em&gt; (any old one) and &lt;em&gt;el vino tinto&lt;/em&gt; (the one we drank last night, the one the waiter recommended, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-08T15:01:52.640" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T15:01:52.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18279" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-08T13:10:26.297" Score="4" ViewCount="820" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿sería tambien correcto decir lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tienen las dos frases el mismo significado o hay alguna diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera frase viene de la serie &quot;El Ministerio del Tiempo&quot;. ¿Podíamos usar la segunda en el mismo contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13874" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:38:00.210" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:38:00.210" Title="¿Es lo mismo decir &quot;El tiempo es 'el' que es&quot; que &quot;El tiempo es 'lo' que es&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18279" CreationDate="2016-10-08T18:45:22.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas y ambas tienen significados diferentes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se hace alusión al &lt;strong&gt;significado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una mesa es &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que es... Cuatro patas y una superficie plana sobre ellas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que es, una una magnitud física con la que medimos la duración de acontecimientos....&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se alude al &lt;strong&gt;significante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta mesa es &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; que tenemos, y no otra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; que es, esta lloviendo y hace frío, hay que aguantarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-08T18:55:42.357" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T18:55:42.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18279" CreationDate="2016-10-08T18:49:35.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No son intercambiables. En la primera frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; que es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El&quot; hace referencia al propio tiempo. El sentido de la frase implica que el tiempo es invariable, que el tiempo que existe es el que existe y no se puede modificar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la segunda frase, invocaré el título de otro programa de televisión, de hace algún tiempo. Supongamos la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tiempo es oro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dices &quot;el tiempo es &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que es&quot;, &quot;lo&quot; haría referencia a aquello con lo que estás calificando el tiempo, que en la frase de ejemplo sería el &quot;oro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, esta segunda frase no me termina de sonar natural, sino más bien algo forzada. Yo usaría la frase &quot;el tiempo es como es&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T18:49:35.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-08T18:49:58.537" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber la opinión de traductores... Aquí tengo dos oraciones subordinadas finales: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Lo hacía a propósito &lt;strong&gt;para que ella lo escuchara&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Dio un paso hacia adelante &lt;strong&gt;para que ella entrara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El traductor inglés y alemán añadieron un verbo modal: &lt;em&gt;so that she &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; hear him / so that she &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; come in&lt;/em&gt;. Me pregunto por qué lo hicieron. Las oraciones son &lt;em&gt;para que ella lo escuchara / para que ella entrara&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;para que ella &lt;strong&gt;pudiera&lt;/strong&gt; entrar&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Es normal? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T20:43:57.110" Title="Cuando el traductor añade palabras..." Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-10-08T22:16:23.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18261" CreationDate="2016-10-08T19:19:19.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_XVIII&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_XVIII&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Literatura racionalista: Voltaire y otros ilustrados propugnan una literatura útil, instructiva y racional, contraria a las fantasías y con una firme base en los hechos reales o verídicos. Sus ideas se extienden por todo el continente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasó se llama &lt;strong&gt;Siglo de las luces&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un querer romper con lo etéreo y supersticioso. Quizá a España llegó más tarde que en el resto de Europa (como siempre). Puede que la aún presente Santa Inquisición (1478-1821) tuviese parte de culpa en esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE estaba bajo la protección del mismísimo rey Felipe V. Es fácil deducir que con tal padrino, la Iglesia no estuviese lejos. Por eso podemos ver definiciones tan &quot;poéticas&quot; durante ese siglo (la RAE se funda en 1713). Y aun con una corriente que apela al empirismo galopando por toda Europa, la Iglesia aún tendría cierta influencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante el período de la Revolución Francesa (1789-1799), viendo lo que sucedia con la monarquía de aquel país, es probable que permitiesen cierta laxitud en algunos campos de las ciencias y de las letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-08T20:01:44.723" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T20:01:44.723" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18264" CreationDate="2016-10-08T20:19:54.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good answers, but there is an additional subtlety that is worth illustrating, with this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No conozco a un chico que estudia español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence means that there is some &lt;em&gt;specific&lt;/em&gt; boy that you don't know (haven't met), who studies Spanish.  And the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;no conozco a un chico&lt;/em&gt; is strongly required if not obligatory in that case—it's called the &quot;specific indefinite&quot; in linguistics if memory serves me right.  And that sentence uses indicative because it's not hypothetical at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13442" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T20:19:54.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18282" CreationDate="2016-10-08T20:43:57.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot speak for German but in English I think the translator is right. The Spanish is using the conditional and both the versions you quote seem perfectly idiomatic English to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T20:43:57.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18262" CreationDate="2016-10-09T08:48:09.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si miramos las reglas gramaticales para la construcción de oraciones condicionales, encontraremos que el &quot;para que&quot; no cumple con ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración condicional es del tipo &lt;strong&gt;oración subordinada&lt;/strong&gt;. Es decir, &lt;em&gt;oración subordinada adverbial condicional&lt;/em&gt;, pero no es la única en esta categoría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algo ha tenido que pasar&lt;/em&gt; no expone condición, exponse &lt;strong&gt;causalidad&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto nos lleva a otro tipo de oraciones subordinadas. La &lt;strong&gt;oración subordinada adverbial  final&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/06/ejemplos-de-subordinadas-adverbiales_2398.html?m=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ejemplos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta al comentario de @user1420...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otra forma de decirlo, ahora para el caso (b) &quot;Te presentaste en mi&#xA;  casa. No te hubieses presentado si algo muy raro no hubiese pasado.&#xA;  Entonces, algo muy raro pasó.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este argumento es falaz, y en el mejor de los casos, demuestra que es una oración subordinada final&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te presentaste en mi casa [...] Entonces, algo muy raro pasó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Causa - efecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te hubieses presentado si algo muy raro no hubiese pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es condicional, pero ha sido elidida en la frase original. Se sobreentiende esta condición. Por lo que, &lt;em&gt;estás en casa &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; eso ha pasado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra vez... &lt;strong&gt;Causa-efecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-09T09:18:48.787" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T09:18:48.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18288" CreationDate="2016-10-09T20:39:29.247" Score="5" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish Language is spoken in so many countries, some of them so far apart (Chile and Cuba, for instance) and others receiving very little Spanish cultural influence these days, that it's just natural that a few varieties of the Spanish language should have developed. Some of them even with dialects of their own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English Language has several well recognized varieties - BrE, AmE, AusE, SAE, CanE, etc.  The Portuguese Language has European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese, which differ a lot in several aspects. Not to mention the African and Asian varieties. So, my question is: what are the main varieties of Castillan Spanish in the world?  I don't expect a long discussion about each variety as I understand it would be completely off-topic here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tú eres más competente en español, tienes libertad para responder como quieras. Yo comprendo muy bien.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13886" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-09T21:05:40.947" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T22:15:03.113" Title="What are the main varieties of Castillan Spanish in the world?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18287" CreationDate="2016-10-09T22:15:03.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my favorite things about Spanish is that, unlike English or Portuguese which are effectively bicentric languages — two primary standards, with any other dialects exerting very little influence on the language and generally relatively unknown and unexperienced by native speakers of the main two — it is highly pluricentric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While many tend to think of Spanish bicentrically as being either Peninsular (Spain) or Latin America (everywhere else), it's actually a pretty terrible way to break things up.  Most broadly speaking, we can identify the following major dialect regions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spain Spanish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;African  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caribbean&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mexican&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Central American&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Andean&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rioplatense&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chilean Spanish is an interesting one that I don't really feel comfortable categorizing entirely separately nor with Rioplatense or Andean, though it shares characteristics of each.  African Spanish, being generally a non-native language for its speakers, could be broadly grouped with the Peninsular variety.  Philippines Spanish is effectively extinct, and of the few audio clips I've heard of it, could probably be also folded into Peninsular.  The Caribbean region includes both the insular regions (D.R., P.R. and Cuba) and the continental Caribbean, that is, those coastal parts of the Americas that touch the Caribbean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T22:15:03.113" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18171" CreationDate="2016-10-10T07:12:54.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado otras palabras de 5 usos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z60aNMi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tanto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivo. &lt;em&gt;Hace &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; calor que no se puede dormir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre. &lt;em&gt;Tenía mucho calor, &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; que no aguantaba.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivo. &lt;em&gt;Mi equipo ganó por un &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; a cero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbio. &lt;em&gt;Llueve &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; como ayer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunción. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tanto&lt;/strong&gt; ella como su madre llegaron tarde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BSKD07C%7CBSKWl78&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cuanto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustantivo (&quot;cantidad indivisible de energía, proporcional a la frecuencia del campo al que se asocia&quot;). &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; de energía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjetivo. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; más tiempo dedico al asunto, menos lo entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronombre. &lt;em&gt;Siempre consigue &lt;strong&gt;cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; quiere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adverbio. &lt;em&gt;Llora &lt;strong&gt;cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; quieras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conjunción. &lt;em&gt;Era famosa tanto por sus éxitos &lt;strong&gt;cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; por sus fracasos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una lástima que ninguna de las dos palabras sea también una forma verbal. ¡A ver si alguien encuentra una de seis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T11:17:45.877" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T11:17:45.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18297" CreationDate="2016-10-10T08:06:37.230" Score="3" ViewCount="1895" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GdQZwXP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; recoge &lt;strong&gt;esplín&lt;/strong&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;spleen&lt;/em&gt; 'bazo', 'melancolía', este del lat. &lt;em&gt;splen&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;σπλήν splḗn&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Melancolía, tedio de la vida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y está incluido desde el diccionario de 1884 (con una definición prácticamente idéntica: &quot;humor tétrico que produce tedio de la vida&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;CREA&lt;/strong&gt; de la RAE apenas recoge 8 menciones, entre 1977 y 1997. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CNDHE/org/publico/pages/consulta/entradaCompleja.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CDH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge 59 casos en 37 documentos, desde una obra teatral española anónima de 1769 hasta un periódico nicaragüense de 1997, pero la mayoría de las citas son anteriores a 1940.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=espl%C3%ADn%2Csicofanta&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2005&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cespl%C3%ADn%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csicofanta%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge una frecuencia baja de la palabra, pero superior a, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;sicofanta&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece, por tanto, que es una &quot;palabra rara&quot; — yo tan solo la he encontrado un par de veces en textos de los años sesenta, pero en España nunca la he oído y ninguno de mis conocidos la conoce. ¿Ocurre lo mismo en otras regiones hispanoparlantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:23:33.997" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:26:09.390" Title="¿Se utiliza la palabra &quot;esplín&quot;? ¿Cómo de común o frecuente es su uso?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18291" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18294" CreationDate="2016-10-10T09:13:55.843" Score="1" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;La siguiente imagen muestra la página de tasación del vocabulario español-latino de Nebrija (1495):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DJz2c.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DJz2c.png&quot; alt=&quot;Tasación&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta imagen aparece varias veces la que sería la conjunción actual &quot;y&quot;, pero escrita de una forma que no reconozco. Comparándola con otras grafías, no es una &quot;e&quot;, ni una &quot;i&quot;, ni una &quot;y&quot;. Según las respuestas a la pregunta sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2847/12637&quot;&gt;el origen de la conjunción copulativa &quot;y&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, y dadas las fechas, parece que podría ser el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;signo tironiano&lt;/a&gt; que mencionan, pero tampoco estoy muy seguro de que eso se parezca a un &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; o a alguna de sus variantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿se muestra en la imagen un signo tironiano? ¿O es alguna otra grafía? ¿Podría ser un ejemplo del &quot;7 con el borde superior izquierdo curvado hacia arriba&quot; que se menciona en la respuesta aceptada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T14:11:55.177" Title="¿Muestra la imagen un ejemplo de signo tironiano?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18293" CreationDate="2016-10-10T10:45:52.160" Score="6" ViewCount="7331" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge en el epígrafe &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TPw0Qw0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;plin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; unicamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. &lt;strong&gt;plim&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a mí, a ti, etc., plin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;exprs. coloqs. U. para indicar que a algo no se le da ninguna importancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he podido averiguar, parece que las palabras (y la expresión) no entraron en el DRAE hasta &lt;strong&gt;2001&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que me llama la atención al ser una expresión que debía ser muy conocida casi 100 años antes, ya que según el  CORDE &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=4&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=25&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=101016%5C011%5CC000O10102016113723459.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20plin%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;A mi plin&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; ya aparece en 1916 en Mexico en la novela &lt;em&gt;Los de abajo&lt;/em&gt;, de Mariano Azuela, en 1917 en &lt;em&gt;Los neutrales&lt;/em&gt; de Arniches, o en 1918 en &lt;em&gt;La venganza de Don Mendo&lt;/em&gt; de Muñoz Seca, etc.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;A mi plim&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en cambio, sólo figura en 3 ocasiones muy posteriores (años 1932, 1939 y 1972).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su etimología he podido encontrar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.slideshare.net/josedemariapintopinto/frases-de-origen-militar-51865754&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;frases de origen militar&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;“A MI PLIN” Me importa muy poco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El General Prim, personaje popular y de gran prestigio, estaba hacia 1868 implicado en la lucha política. Cuando a alguien se le preguntaba “¿A quién prefieres para sustituir a Isabel II?&quot;, la respuesta común y evasiva, como queriendo decir que les llegaba con el General, era: “A mi, Prim”. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/darlealalengua/assignments/%C2%A1amiplin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al parecer, el origen de esta expresión tiene relación con el general Juan Prim (1818-1870), antes de la Revolución de 1868, llamada La Gloriosa. Algunos autores suponen que la expresión &quot;A mí, plin&quot; sería una corrupción de &quot;A mí, Prim&quot;, lo cual se diría cuando a uno le preguntaran por sus aficiones políticas. Otros autores prefieren negar este origen y sostienen que es una de las muchas frases elaboradas en función de su sonido o sin ningún significado en absoluto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esacademic.com/dic.nsf/sp_sp_dichos_refranes/77/%C2%A1a&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; recogen:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es posible que esta expresión, popularizada por una marca de colchones, y que sugiere desdén o desinterés de alguien hacia algo, sea una deformación de &amp;lt;&amp;lt;¡A mí, Prim!&gt;&gt;, aunque esta última expresión significaba precisamente lo contrario: interés hacia alguien. Circulan diversas interpretaciones sobre su origen, pero todas coinciden en señalar a diversas mujeres como inventoras del dicho y en señalar al general Antonio Prim (1814-1870), paradigma de apostura en su tiempo, como destinatario de lo que en sus orígenes fue un piropo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna de las hipótesis me acaba de convencer. ¿Alguien tiene alguna otra? ¿Cómo es que tardó tanto en entrar en el DRAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-10T12:42:06.733" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T09:13:59.410" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;¡A mí, plin!&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;expresiones-fijas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18292" CreationDate="2016-10-10T12:05:16.763" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://static0.planetadelibros.com/libros_contenido_extra/31/30011_El_porque_de_los_dichos.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El porqué de los dichos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de José María Iribarren (Barcelona, 2013):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ¡A mí, Prim!, en el sentido de «A mí, qué!», «¡A mí qué se me da!», aparece&#xA;  en el libreto de la famosa zarzuela de López Silva y Fernández Shaw titulada &lt;em&gt;La Revoltosa&lt;/em&gt;, estrenada en Madrid el año 1897. Uno de los personajes dice: ¡A mí, Prim! (frase que quedó desde entonces como «timo» de chulería), y otro le responde: «Y a mí, Frascuelo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado también una referencia en &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/pdf.raw?query=id:0002415691&amp;amp;lang=en&amp;amp;log=00000000-00000-00001/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;un relato en el diario El Día&lt;/a&gt;, fechado en 1900:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora dime: ¿cómo andas de remordimientos? ¿Te has decidido á exclamar como&#xA;  en la famosa zarzuela: «¡á mí, Prim!»? Dímelo, para que yo pueda contestar:&#xA;  «¡á mí, Frascuelo!».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase en la zarzuela mencionada proviene de una historia que tiene que ver con tu tercera hipótesis, la de Antonio Prim, paradigma de apostura. Lo recoge el libro mencionado al principio, el cual a su vez lo extracta de otro libro titulado &lt;em&gt;Limpia y fija&lt;/em&gt; (Madrid, 1922):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«En los días en que Prim estaba en el ápice de su popularidad, entraba por&#xA;  Recoletos, un domingo por la tarde, una real moza de servir, en la amartelada&#xA;  compañía de un ramplón, desmedrado y feísimo &lt;em&gt;sorche&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;»Tres o cuatro sargentos, al cruzarse con la desigual pareja, se liaron a piropear a la bella moza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;»—¡Vaya una jembra juncal! ¡Viva la gracia y viva el salero, y vivan sus&#xA;  papás de usté, y muera el mal gusto que usté tiene! Pero, gloria, ¿de dónde&#xA;  acá hacen los ángeles tan buenas migas con los demonios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;»La sandunguera moza, lanzando dos miradas: una de sumo desdén a los&#xA;  sargentos guapos y otra de hondo cariño al feísimo &lt;em&gt;sorche&lt;/em&gt;, dijo con altivo&#xA;  donaire:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;»—Pa mí..., ¡Prim!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;»Oyó la frase alguna gente, y de boca en boca se ha ido transformando&#xA;  (degenerando, mejor dicho) hasta caer en la rastrera locución con que ahora&#xA;  &quot;ilustramos&quot; y &quot;decoramos&quot; el lenguaje familiar, estropeándola en su primitivo&#xA;  y gracioso significado: el de manifestar nuestro amoroso interés por algo&#xA;  que incomprensiblemente zahieren los demás»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que &quot;plin&quot; sería una corrupción de &quot;Prim&quot;, pues. Sobre lo de que no hubiera aparecido antes en el diccionario, se me ocurren algunas hipótesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que el uso fuese muy localizado en una región (Madrid, en este caso) durante un tiempo antes de que su uso se extendiera. Sin embargo, en el DRAE vemos a veces que añaden palabras aunque su uso se restrinja a una única región.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que durante mucho tiempo la expresión se usara en el habla más que en la escritura. Hay que tener en cuenta que el DRAE recoge el uso de las palabras en la escritura, y no en la expresión oral. Tú mismo has dicho que no hay muchas apariciones de la expresión en el CORDE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T07:25:53.377" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T07:25:53.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18291" CreationDate="2016-10-10T14:11:55.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; tironiano (⁊), y débese leer normalmente como &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; aunque tampoco sería incorrecto leerse como &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; ya que sobre todo hacia finales del siglo XV no es imposible encontrar textos que escriben explícitamente &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;i/y&lt;/em&gt; para la conjunción).  El &lt;em&gt;⁊&lt;/em&gt; es bastante frecuente en la tipografía en los incunables y los textos al principio del siglo XVI, pero pronto se dejó de usar y por lo tanto es raro encontrarlo en textos a partir de mediados del siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T14:11:55.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2016-10-10T17:20:20.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Rabipelado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en &lt;strong&gt;Venezuela&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especie: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphis_albiventris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Didelphis&#xA;  albiventris&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  Lund, 1840 (Faro, Rabipelado de los andes o de orejas blancas)&#xA;  Especie: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphis_marsupialis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Didelphis&#xA;  marsupialis&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  Linnaeus, 1758 (Rabipelado común o de orejas negras, Quengue, Churro,&#xA;  Faro, Yaguare)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T17:20:20.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18290" CreationDate="2016-10-10T19:34:34.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Esplín&quot;, por supuesto, no es más que la españolización de la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spleen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;spleen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Tengo la impresión de que estuvo de moda hace aproximadamente un siglo, sobre todo en Inglaterra y Francia, como herencia de la poesía romántica (hay, por ejemplo, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://poesie.webnet.fr/lesgrandsclassiques/poemes/charles_baudelaire/spleen_je_suis_comme_le_roi_d_un_pays_pluvieux.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poema&lt;/a&gt; célebre de Baudelaire), y así ingresó en el habla común, por el lado literario (parecidamente a como &quot;estrés&quot; —&lt;em&gt;stress&lt;/em&gt;— vino del lado psicológico). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cultura de mi país, Argentina, siempre (especialmente hace un siglo) tuvo mucha influencia francesa, y adivino que por eso mismo la palabra tuvo bastante uso (tanto &quot;esplín&quot; como &lt;em&gt;spleen&lt;/em&gt;). Pero hoy se considera anticuada o literaria, y dudo que los más jóvenes la conozcan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos —poéticos— que me vienen a la memoria: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://letransfusion.wordpress.com/2008/02/25/reir-llorando-garrick-juan-de-dios-peza/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reír llorando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, poema/recitado de Juan de Dios Peza (México, ca. 1880).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.damisela.com/literatura/pais/nicaragua/autores/dario/profanas/carnaval_p3.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Canción de carnaval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, poema de Ruben Darío (Nicaragua, 1908).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poesi.as/ll051290.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El solterón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, poema de Leopoldo Lugones (Argentina, 1909).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.todotango.com/musica/tema/371/Viejo-ciego/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viejo ciego&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, tango con letra de Catulo Castillo (Argentina, 1926).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.todotango.com/musica/tema/174/Balada-para-mi-muerte/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balada para mi muerte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, tango con letra de Horacio Ferrer (Argentina, 1972).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:26:09.390" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:26:09.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18298" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-10T20:12:10.927" Score="2" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate the following sentence into Spanish:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will likely be seen by more interested people.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider that &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; refers to &lt;code&gt;el mensaje&lt;/code&gt; in the context and since it's a masculine name, I've used &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; in its translation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And to express possibility in the future, I've used future subjunctive (I wanna see if this is true?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So based on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/conjugate/ser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conjugation of the Spanish verb ser&lt;/a&gt;, the translation of &lt;code&gt;it will likely be&lt;/code&gt; can be something like &lt;code&gt;él fuere&lt;/code&gt;, then  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it will likely be seen == él fuere visto  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the translation of the first sentence will be:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él fuere visto por mas gente interesados.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are my conclusions true?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Generally how should we express the probability or possibility in the future (because as you know &lt;code&gt;likely&lt;/code&gt; is an English adverb that shows probability) in Spanish language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13791" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T21:57:02.803" Title="How to express probability in the future (either through verb conjugation or adverbs)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18298" CreationDate="2016-10-10T20:49:11.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rule of thumb: never use the future subjunctive in Spanish. Nobody does, really. Just use the future indicative along with an adverb indicating the level of certainty you have about the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mensaje será visto probablemente por gente más interesada. (Fair level of certainty.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mensaje será visto seguramente por gente más interesada. (High level of certainty.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can insert &amp;quot;probablemente&amp;quot; after or before &amp;quot;será visto&amp;quot;, or even in the middle (&amp;quot;será probablemente visto&amp;quot;). You can even use the active voice instead of the passive one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mensaje lo verá gente más interesada, probablemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can also put the adverb at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T20:49:11.083" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18298" CreationDate="2016-10-10T20:50:27.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'd express probability by using the phrase &quot;es probable que&quot; combined with either the present subjunctive (&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/es-probable-que-subjunctive-indicative.159629/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;to indicate uncertainty&lt;/a&gt;) or future. The future subjunctive (which you are using there) is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100059/future-subjunctive#.V_v9v6PMyt8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;not in common use anymore&lt;/a&gt;. Therefore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es probable que gente más interesada lo verán&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have the right idea though - in most other cases you'd express probability using a variety of different verb tenses/moods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13896" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T20:50:27.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18298" CreationDate="2016-10-10T21:37:49.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin la palabra &lt;strong&gt;likely&lt;/strong&gt;, traducirías la frase como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será visto por más personas interesadas. (o más gente interesada)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar &lt;strong&gt;likelihood&lt;/strong&gt;, podrías usar varias palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente será visto por más personas interesadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que sea visto por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que sea visto por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que sea visto por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que lo vea mucha gente interesada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo mejor será visto por...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;fuere&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; no cabe en este caso. Pero si se &lt;em&gt;qusiere&lt;/em&gt; expresar incertidumbre, se podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el mensaje &lt;em&gt;fuere&lt;/em&gt; visto por muchas personas, nuestra campaña &lt;em&gt;pudiere&lt;/em&gt; ser exitosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T21:37:49.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18298" CreationDate="2016-10-10T21:57:02.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;1. Total certainty&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It will be seen&lt;/strong&gt; by more interested people &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Será visto&lt;/strong&gt; por gente más     interesada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2. Fair level of certainty&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It will likely be seen&lt;/strong&gt; by more interested people&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es probable que sea visto&lt;/strong&gt;  por gente más interesada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It could be seen&lt;/strong&gt; by more interested people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podría ser visto&lt;/strong&gt; por gente más interesada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt; 3. Low level of certainty&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It might be seen&lt;/strong&gt; by more interested people&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podría ser visto&lt;/strong&gt; por gente más interesada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In english &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; has higher level of certainty than &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt;, but in spanish there's no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T21:57:02.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18303" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19729" CreationDate="2016-10-11T08:05:48.713" Score="11" ViewCount="14524" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces me ha pasado que estoy redactando un texto, y me encuentro en la tesitura de querer poner dos veces el símbolo de &quot;dos puntos&quot; (:) en una frase. Por poner un ejemplo (recién inventado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y así llegamos a la solución: vaciar la lista de elementos temporales antes de continuar con el algoritmo, tal y como se muestra en el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Ejemplo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando me salen este tipo de construcciones, siempre acabo reordenando la frase y escribiéndola de forma que no me aparezca dos veces el símbolo de dos puntos en la misma frase, ya que se me hace raro que no aparezca un punto en medio de ambos, y la pondría tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegamos así a la solución, que consistiría en vaciar la lista...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no sé si este tipo de construcciones están permitidas, si hay alguna regla que impida poner dos veces los dos puntos en una frase, si se permite, si se desaconseja, si estoy siendo víctima de un TOC, etc. ¿Dice algo la RAE al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T09:09:56.523" Title="¿Está permitido usar el símbolo de dos puntos dos veces en una frase?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T10:19:55.127" Score="1" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the translation of &quot;tener el ceño fruncido&quot; the following one: &quot;have a frown&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already learned the difference between &quot;ceño&quot; and &quot;ceja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T10:31:00.813" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T11:26:33.307" Title="Does &quot;tener el ceño fruncido&quot; mean to have a frown?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18305" CreationDate="2016-10-11T11:26:33.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;tener el ceño fruncido&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fruncir el ceño&lt;/em&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iY74I.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iY74I.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It consists on showing upset through frown, that is, to move the brows (space between the eyebrows) so that its skin becomes wrinkled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn how to do it, wikiHow has an article on it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikihow.com/fruncir-el-ce%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo fruncir el ceño&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T11:26:33.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18307" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T14:01:10.223" Score="1" ViewCount="1776" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you call &quot;pastry&quot; in Spanish? It is a name for category of food product where belongs bread, rolls etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made a research already:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;panadería&lt;/em&gt; is a shop to buy bread&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;repostería&lt;/em&gt;, pastelería and confitería is an art of cooking those.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how is called the pastry itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T17:47:04.933" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T13:35:35.103" Title="What do you call pastry in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18277" CreationDate="2016-10-11T14:12:11.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No solo con nombres de países y otros lugares geográficos; con nombres de personas también usamos el artículo si vamos a usar algún calificativo con ellos, tal como se especifica en el punto 5 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8Tu5qHMtQD63wEn6zW#5&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso hablamos de &lt;em&gt;la Rusia soviética&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el París de los bohemios&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el Quevedo más sarcástico&lt;/em&gt;, pese a que ninguno de esos nombres propios debería llevar artículo cuando se menciona sin calificativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T14:12:11.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18468" CreationDate="2016-10-11T14:23:04.160" Score="4" ViewCount="1776" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha parecido curioso el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;nomás&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;solamente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QZn9Wpr&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nomás&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adv. Arg., Bol., Chile, Col., C. Rica, Ec., Hond., Méx., Nic., Par., Perú y Ven. no más (‖ solamente).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. Arg., Chile, Col., Ec., El Salv., Hond., Méx., Par., Perú, Ur. y Ven. U. en oraciones exhortativas, generalmente pospuesto, para añadir énfasis a la expresión. &lt;em&gt;Pase nomás&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Atrévase nomás&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adv. Arg., Col., El Salv., Méx., Nic. y Ur. Apenas, precisamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que dice la RAE se usa en todos los países de Hispanoamérica (bueno, echo en falta Uruguay en la primera acepción). Para mí, la etimología es clara: &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España no se usa y asumí que en Hispanoamérica se estaría usando desde siempre. Para mi sorpresa, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; me indica que se introdujo en 1992; posteriormente, en 2001 la 2ª y 3ª acepción ampliaron la lista de países en que se usa. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot;&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; abunda en lo mismo e incluye la referencia de 1992.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos se ve que empezó por Argentina, Bolivia, México y Venezuela y luego creció hacia el resto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta que la distribución geográfica de estos países es de lo más variopinta y son muy lejanos entre sí, habiendo otros en medio, ¿a qué responde esta inclusión de la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más importante: ¿cuál es su origen? En catalán existe prácticamente la misma palabra, &lt;em&gt;només&lt;/em&gt;, pero precisamente esta lengua geográficamente podría haber influenciado el castellano de España. Pero ha pasado lo contrario: se usa en todos los países menos este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T17:42:45.253" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T10:12:00.190" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;nomás&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18089" CreationDate="2016-10-11T15:48:37.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una diferencia entre lo que significa &quot;agria&quot; en español y lo que significa &quot;sour&quot; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Agria&quot; es más limitada, más definitiva. &quot;Sour&quot; puede indicar &quot;agria,&quot; pero &quot;sour&quot; también puede indicar &quot;ácido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La leche puede estar &quot;sour&quot; y los limones también pueden ser &quot;sour&quot;, pero la leche nunca se llama en inglés &quot;acidic&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Acidic&quot; es menos usada que &quot;sour&quot; relacionada con comidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:  de un confite muy acido, un niño diría &quot;It is very sour&quot;, no usaría &quot;acidic&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, usarlo de este sentido tendría que usar siempre &quot;acidic&quot; y no &quot;acid&quot; porque &quot;acid&quot; refiere a la liquida corosiva (o acid vs alkaline), sino la droga LSD. Más bien cuando usan &quot;acidic&quot; se relaciona con comida en sentido del PH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en una programa de cocina puede decirse que se necesita un ácido, la comida-- que necesita algo &quot;acidic&quot; para equilibrar sabores.  Eso es decir que la acida corte grasa, pero eso mas bien es ciencia de la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por otro lado, en la mesa siempre dirían que la comida es &quot;sour&quot; si fuera demasiado ácida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13599" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T20:03:52.070" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T20:03:52.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18307" CreationDate="2016-10-11T16:42:41.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;pastry&lt;/em&gt; translated to Spanish could be &lt;strong&gt;repostería&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;pastelería&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;confitería&lt;/strong&gt;. Take note that &lt;em&gt;pastry&lt;/em&gt; does not include breads or roll as you point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition for pastry is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The art of preparing and decorating cakes or other desserts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El arte de preparar o decorar pasteles u otros postres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Panaderia&lt;/em&gt; is a shop where you can buy bread and other baked products, such as &lt;em&gt;pastries&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can easily find this information using Wikipedia links from English to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13905" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T13:35:35.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T13:35:35.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T21:44:29.163" Score="3" ViewCount="2029" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say splits in general in Spanish? (See picture below)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/haFQi.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/haFQi.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked it up on word reference and found spagat.  Is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13871" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T09:03:14.350" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T06:22:06.890" Title="How do you say split in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18303" CreationDate="2016-10-11T21:58:19.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si nos ceñimos a la definición de los &quot;dos puntos&quot; de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dos_puntos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me aventuraría a decir que &lt;strong&gt;está permitido, porque no lo prohíbe&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, si los dos puntos se emplean para desarrollar un tema ya presentado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Detienen el discurso para llamar la atención sobre lo que sigue, que&#xA;  siempre está en estrecha relación con el texto precedente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando &quot;los dos puntos&quot;, uno a continuación de otro, sin concluir de manera clara los que anteceden, corremos el riesgo de conseguir todo lo contrario de lo que se propone. En lugar de llamar la atención, la perdemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando el ejemplo de Carlos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y así llegamos a la solución: &lt;strong&gt;vaciar la lista de elementos temporales&#xA;  antes de continuar con el algoritmo&lt;/strong&gt;, tal y como se muestra en el&#xA;  siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí los últimos dos puntos (en mi opinión) aplastan todo el esfuerzo de los primeros dos puntos. Es decir el &lt;em&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/em&gt; es la información que prevalece sobre todo el resto. Incluso sobre &lt;code&gt;vaciar la lista...&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para no boicotear nuestro propio discurso, si nos encontramos en la situación propuesta por @Carlos, lo mejor que podemos hacer es reconducir el discurso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y así llegamos a la solución: &lt;strong&gt;vaciar la lista de elementos temporales&#xA;  antes de continuar con el algoritmo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[&lt;strong&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;tal y como se muestra...&lt;/em&gt; creo que es redundante al &lt;em&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/em&gt;. Ya sabemos que el ejemplo muestra y que es un ejemplo del punto anterior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eliminamos ruido y usando el &quot;.&quot;  conseguimos que se asimile la información anterior y se centre en el siguiente bloque con esa información aún en mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marcamos un &lt;em&gt;tempo&lt;/em&gt; que antes se hacía difícil de seguir. No avasallamos al lector con demasiada &quot;información importante&quot; de golpe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T22:50:47.527" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T22:50:47.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18314" CreationDate="2016-10-11T22:18:59.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spagat is the technical name in &lt;em&gt;dance&lt;/em&gt; argot, coming from the term in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Spagat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;German&lt;/a&gt;. It is more commonly referred as &quot;split&quot;; which can be translated as 'estar abierto/a de piernas' - that is &quot;to be with both legs open&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13906" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T15:05:50.370" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T15:05:50.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18318" CreationDate="2016-10-11T23:02:25.457" Score="7" ViewCount="20783" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el libro &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=28HxIwAACAAJ&amp;amp;dq=el%20fuego%20y%20la%20palabra&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj24YbF7dPPAhVO6WMKHUCAA0sQ6AEIKDAB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El Fuego y La Palabra: Una Historia del Movimiento Zapatista&lt;/a&gt;&quot; uno de los artículos contiene este texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El compañero insurgente llegó con un folleto que tenía una explicación política de la situación nacional, ahí decía cómo es la&#xA;  explotación y todo eso. &lt;strong&gt;Nosotros de por sí entendimos&lt;/strong&gt; más o menos&#xA;  rápido,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;porque de por sí ya está&lt;/strong&gt; la idea de otros movimientos en los que hemos participado, pero no en el sentido revolucionario, sino en&#xA;  luchas donde se llega a negociar con el gobierno por la tierra, por el&#xA;  café, por la brecha lacondona ahí en Los Montes Azules. &lt;strong&gt;Como de por&#xA;  sí existían&lt;/strong&gt; esas represiones de las que nos hablaban los compañeros,&#xA;  cuando llega el mensaje del EZLN pues rápido nos alegramos, y nos&#xA;  pusimos contentos de que hay otra lucha que va a defender la seguridad&#xA;  de los campesinos y de los pobres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase &quot;de por sí&quot; en cada de estos contextos? ¿Cómo y cuándo la uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="5307" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T14:52:32.580" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T17:44:06.270" Title="¿Qué significa la frase &quot;de por sí&quot;? / What does &quot;de por sí&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18317" CreationDate="2016-10-11T23:55:04.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Mexican, native Spanish speaker and certified British English speaker and I've been seriously thinking for a while on how is it that I can explain that expression. The best I can do is show you a couple of examples that might lead to an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my region - Jalisco - this is the most common use for this expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De por sí, los examenes de certificación son difíciles... ¡ahora imagínate lo difícil que será el último nivel de la certificación!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated into English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Knowing that those certification exams are hard...now imagine how tough it could get when you reach the last certification level...!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, I'd say that &quot;de por sí&quot; is used to let others know that there is some kind of &quot;previous&quot; understanding or familiarity with specific background facts, so that it is easier and faster to comprehend an idea based or related on those background facts...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;de por sí&quot; can be very similar to the following expressions: &quot;Knowing that&quot;, &quot;Given that&quot;, &quot;It is clear that&quot;, &quot;Everybody knows that&quot; or &quot;One can tell&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given your example above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como de por sí existían esas represiones de las que nos hablaban los compañeros, cuando llega el mensaje del EZLN pues rápido nos alegramos,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd translate that intto English as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since we were already aware of the existence of these repressions our friends were talking about, when the message from EZLN arrives, we cheered up quickly...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="9094" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T06:27:05.207" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T06:27:05.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18320" CreationDate="2016-10-12T00:28:05.247" Score="7" ViewCount="3297" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando se utiliza con el significado de la palabra inglesa &quot;such&quot;, ¿hay alguna cosa que dicte si se debería usar &quot;tal&quot; o si se debería usar &quot;tan&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that both &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; are sometimes translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and that WordReference, and presumably other dictionaries, list &quot;&lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as one of the translations for both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that you don't have to take my word for it, I've inserted an image below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/wxBNR9X.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: WordReference entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=tal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=tan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To paint a more precise picture of what I am getting at, here are some example sentences (mainly from Reverso):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; comportamiento no puede ayudar a la situación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (However, &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; behavior may not help the situation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca antes los científicos habían sido puesto ante &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; presión y demanda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Never had scientists been put under &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; pressure and demand.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pensé que permitieran &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; crueldad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (I didn't think you'd permit &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; cruelty.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now examples with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi gato tiene &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt; verdes sus ojos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (My cat has &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; green eyes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las palabras parecen tan vacías para expresar un sentimiento &lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt; fuerte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Words seem so empty to express &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; a strong feeling.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, I know example sentences at Reverso aren't always flawless, so if you see any that need correction, feel free to point that out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bigger question is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Used to mean &quot;such,&quot; are &quot;tal&quot; and &quot;tan&quot; interchangeable?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que tanto &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tan&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; a veces se traducen como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y que WordReference, y presumiblemente otros diccionarios, enumera &quot;&lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como una de las traducciones para ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que no tengan que fiarse de mi palabra, he insertado una imagen. (Véase la imagen arriba.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para dar una idea más precisa de lo que quiero decir, aquí están algunas oraciones de ejemplo (la mayoría de ellas de Reverso).  (Véase las oraciones arriba.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes que nada, sé que las oraciones de ejemplo de Reverso no siempre son impecables, así que si ven que algunas necesitan corrección, siéntanse libres de señalarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta más grande, sin embargo, es ésta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando se utilizan con el significado de &quot;such&quot;, ¿son &quot;tal&quot; y &quot;tan&quot; intercambiables?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for any insight you may have on this topic.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Gracias de antemano por cualquier idea que puedan tener en este tema.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T02:43:25.890" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T12:46:24.773" Title="Do &quot;tal&quot; and &quot;tan&quot; both mean &quot;such&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18319" CreationDate="2016-10-12T02:52:32.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are not interchangable. &lt;em&gt;Tal&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective, &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; an adverb. Adjectives modify nouns or other adjectives, while adverbs are a larger class of words that either similarly modify verbs or other adverbs, or they modify the relation of one phrase to the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the examples, the last two for talking more clearly marked the difference than the first. Clearly &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; is acting like a phrasal adverb, like other such words such as &quot;yet&quot;, &quot;but&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tan&lt;/em&gt; is always acting in the normal word-modifying way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-01T12:46:24.773" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T12:46:24.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18319" CreationDate="2016-10-12T04:39:17.400" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Such vs As/So&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples, &amp;quot;tan&amp;quot; is being used as a convenient translation for the &amp;quot;such&amp;quot; in the source sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tan&amp;quot; is followed by an adjective (so rich)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tan guapo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tan lindo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tan rico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tan verde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tal&amp;quot; is followed by a noun clause (such a disaster)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tal escuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tal belleza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tal edificio grande&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tal desastre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal (and ungrammatical) translation for one of your example sentences would be this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi gato tiene tan verdes sus ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My cat has eyes so green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say &amp;quot;such green eyes&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi gato tiene tales ojos verdes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that is not a proper way to say that, you're better off using the &amp;quot;tan&amp;quot; version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tal&amp;quot; can also be used to serve as a reference to something you're describing.  For instance, if you were to translate &amp;quot;That is an expensive car.  I would like to have such a car.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese es un coche caro.  Me gustaría tener tal coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that &amp;quot;such green eyes&amp;quot; example I used above would mean that you are referring to the eyes as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T10:29:55.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18317" CreationDate="2016-10-12T05:11:30.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;De por &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An off the top of my head translation would be something like, &amp;quot;of course&amp;quot;.  But to explain in a way more relevant to the phrase, it literally just means &amp;quot;Yes&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, the presidential nominee is an idiot, but imagine if he were to win!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's like agreeing with a statement before you say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, maggots are disgusting, but they could save your life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yeah, we might lose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I do have wooden teeth, but I can chomp maggots like no other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De por sí, tengo dientes de madera pero puedo morder gusanos como nadie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T12:41:02.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18317" CreationDate="2016-10-12T12:27:42.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Already&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;De por sí [whatever]&quot; means &quot;already [whatever]&quot; or sometimes &quot;[whatever] enough already&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your examples &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros de por sí entendimos más o menos rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one means &quot;We understood relatively quickly already&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;porque de por sí ya está la idea de otros movimientos en los que hemos participado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;because the idea was there already from other movements in which we participated&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como de por sí existían esas represiones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Given that those repressions existed already&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the part that makes all those &quot;already&quot;s make sense is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nos pusimos contentos de que hay otra lucha que va a defender la seguridad de los campesinos y de los pobres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;We were glad that that there was &lt;strong&gt;another&lt;/strong&gt; fight to defend the safety of the peasants and the poor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I bolded &quot;another&quot; because it's important that they knew about the fight to defend poor people already, and got extra-happy when they found out that there were others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="11083" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T12:40:11.020" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T12:40:11.020" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18330" CreationDate="2016-10-12T13:21:34.927" Score="2" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;My teacher is being very unclear on why my answer for this question is wrong and I just wanted to clarify how I was wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Viajas mucho en tren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I answered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, yo no viajar en absoluto en tren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone could explain it a little better that would be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13910" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T13:30:27.283" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T16:26:20.680" Title="Is it correct to answer &quot;No, yo no viajar en absoluto en tren&quot; to the question &quot;¿Viajas mucho en tren?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T15:30:13.347" Score="3" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated abduction into Spanish. I have found three translations. What is the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/secuestro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;secuestro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/rapto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rapto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/abducci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abducción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-25T21:42:46.003" LastActivityDate="2020-12-25T21:42:46.003" Title="What is the difference between &quot;secuestro&quot;, &quot;rapto&quot; and &quot;abducción&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18326" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:09:36.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;All three secuestro, abducción and rapto are nouns for the action of verbs secuestrar, abducir and raptar, respectively. Now, as to the difference between these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Secuestrar&lt;/em&gt; means to take by force an individual or a means of transport, and can also be used to refer to judicially seize goods that are either illegal or of which the owner is unclear and to determine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abducir&lt;/em&gt; is a verb used mainly to refer to supposed extraterrestrial beings taking someone, and also to attract a person powerfully to oneself, rather than taking a person as in English 'Abduct', which is spelled similarly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raptar&lt;/em&gt; refers only to the forceful or deceitful taking of a person, mainly the case of a man taking a woman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Secuestro&lt;/em&gt; is the most commonly used word if you're referring to the taking of a person; &lt;em&gt;rapto&lt;/em&gt; can also be used, but it's not as common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13914" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T16:09:36.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18326" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:15:58.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secuestro&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Rapto&lt;/strong&gt; are synonyms. They implies to retain people against their will. Often with violence (not only physical). Kindnap would be the right translation into english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abducción&lt;/strong&gt; is the kind of &lt;em&gt;kindnap&lt;/em&gt; done by &lt;em&gt;E.T&lt;/em&gt;. Here the violence is not so explicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also use &lt;strong&gt;abducir&lt;/strong&gt; (verb instead of subject) to make reference to a strong and powerful attraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T16:15:58.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18326" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:18:00.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Secuestro y rapto normalmente son utilizados como sinónimos, la principal diferencia radica en que normalmente cuando hay un secuestro es solicitada una suma de dinero y en el rapto no siempre es solicitada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XPucYEJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Secuestrar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Retener indebidamente a una persona para exigir dinero por su rescate, o para otros fines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V9ndEOH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Raptar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Secuestrar, retener a alguien en contra de su voluntad, por lo general con el fin de conseguir un rescate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=044zogN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Abducir&lt;/a&gt; generalmente es empleado para los supuestos secuestros por parte de seres extraterrestres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una supuesta criatura extraterrestre: Apoderarse de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T16:18:00.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18324" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:26:20.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is incorrect because the verb is not correctly conjugated. See, in English, we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She/He doesn't travel much&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We/They/I don't travel much&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's clear to see the verb 'travel' form doesn't change with the person we're talking about, and is also the same as the infinitive form for it; however, in Spanish, we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella/El no &lt;em&gt;viaja&lt;/em&gt; mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no &lt;em&gt;viajo&lt;/em&gt; mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros no &lt;em&gt;viajamos&lt;/em&gt; mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellas/Ellos no &lt;em&gt;viajan&lt;/em&gt; mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take notice on how the verb here does change with the person we're talking about. This is because in Spanish verbs are conjugated differently. For further reference, &lt;a href=&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-t4FaA44i5uE/UTARxEn3rrI/AAAAAAAAAD8/y4vViOXx9Rg/s1600/comparacion+conjucacion+ingl%C3%A9s+espa%C3%B1ol.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a chart that might help you. In this chart, the conjugation you're looking for is Present for Yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13914" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T16:26:20.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18344" CreationDate="2016-10-12T20:08:05.507" Score="6" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IwXjlLF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Garrapo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Sal. Cerdo que no ha cumplido un año.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WqPTGa7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rungo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sal. Cerdo de menos de un año.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the definitions, it seems that both words are used only in Salamanca, and that they designate exactly the same. Is there any subtle difference? Are they used outside Salamanca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-13T04:41:51.597" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T07:26:56.583" Title="What is the difference between &quot;garrapo&quot; and &quot;rungo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T21:32:31.093" Score="4" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent%C5%8D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bentō&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; japonés, además de llegar a ser &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=bento&amp;amp;biw=1366&amp;amp;bih=638&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjsiOHGmNbPAhUMsBQKHYZOBxIQ_AUIBigB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pequeñas obras de arte&lt;/a&gt;, son las comidas que los trabajadores japoneses se llevan a sus lugares de trabajo, y que se pueden comer del tiempo, sin necesidad de calentarlas en microondas. Esto es especialmente útil en puestos de trabajo a la intemperie, como es el caso de los albañiles y demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, por cortesía de mi mujer que es de Cádiz, he descubierto que tenemos la siguiente palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B7MbcqN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;costo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;costar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cád. Comida que el peón, albañil, pescador, etc., se lleva hecha para tomarla en el lugar donde trabaja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mujer recuerda que sus padres usaban mucho esa palabra para designar a esa comida ya preparada. La palabra está recogida en el DRAE, pero se marca como usada solamente en la región de Cádiz. Así que me preguntaba, &lt;strong&gt;¿existe en español una palabra de uso más general que designe a este tipo peculiar de comida para llevar?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así a priori se me ocurría &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hq69ddI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fiambrera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero esto designaría más al recipiente donde se llevaría la comida, más que a la comida en sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-11-23T08:35:52.377" LastActivityDate="2020-11-26T10:51:17.357" Title="¿Cuál sería la traducción al español más aproximada para el &quot;bento&quot; japonés?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18333" CreationDate="2016-10-12T22:34:57.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí en México (y según la RAE, algunos otros países de Hispanoamérica) eso que describes se llama &lt;em&gt;lonche&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lonche&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;em&gt;Del ingl. lunch.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Ec., Guat., Méx., Nic. y Pan. Comida ligera del mediodía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T06:47:59.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T06:55:13.143" Score="4" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe una forma de tratamiento de cortesía para la primera persona del singular, denominada el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plural_mayest%C3%A1tico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;plural mayestático&lt;/a&gt;, que consiste en usar &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, usada especialmente por reyes y papas. Para la segunda persona tenemos varias opciones: usar &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, no sé si existe o ha existido alguna forma de dar tratamiento de cortesía a una tercera persona que, al igual que en los dos primeros casos, no necesite de una mención expresa del nombre del aludido. Quiero decir, que siempre puedes dar cortesía a una tercera persona diciendo que &quot;don Fulano de Tal me ha dicho que&quot; en vez de simplemente &quot;Fulano me ha dicho que&quot;. Mi pregunta va más por saber si hay alguna forma de sustituir &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; en una frase para otorgar ese mismo tratamiento de cortesía que se da al &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; y al &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe o ha existido un pronombre que pueda o haya podido cumplir esa función?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T20:42:32.230" Title="¿Existe o ha existido algún tratamiento de cortesía para la tercera persona del singular?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18152" CreationDate="2016-10-13T08:05:27.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo de la Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidalgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hidalgo&lt;/a&gt; aporta luz sobre el asunto, mencionando precisamente a Covarrubias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignota, se desconoce el origen cierto, Covarrubias dice se sabe que de hidalgo vino hidalguía, que comúnmente se refería al hombre bien nacido, existiendo el fem. hidalga, que su uso es muy propio de España. Fidalgo se dijo por el latín fide «fe»1 que vale por confianza y lealtad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no obsta que hubieran varias acepciones que se arraigan en lo antiguo, según Sebastián de Covarrubias en su tiempo se consideraban estas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La Itálica o romana que dice acaso proceda del Ius italicum de la Antigua Roma, exención y nobleza que se concedía primero por el pueblo romano, después por los emperadores y también se obtenía por compra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La cristiana traída de un episodio de San Pablo quien dio a entender a un tribuno que había heredado la nobleza de sus padres y que por ello no solo era algo sino &lt;strong&gt;hijo de algo, de aquí se interpretaba que &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; vale por nobleza, bondad o bienes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la acepción Goda se dijo que es voz corrompida de 'fijo de Godo' - hijo de Godo o filgod - y que transmutadas consonares derivó hasta 'fidalgo'. El fundamento sería que quedaron muy pocos nobles y realeza Goda refugiados en las montañas e iniciada la reconquista estos eran muy estimados en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Sebastián de Covarrubias-Horozco - Tesoro dela lengua castellana o española. Ed. 1611, pp. 401 rev. - 403 voz 'FIDALGO'&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, todo parece indicar que ese &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; del que podía disponer un hidalgo era cualquiera de los elementos que daban poder en la Edad Media:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bienes: tierras y/o dinero (iban de la mano).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nobleza: poder, seguramente asociado de forma íntima a los bienes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bondad: no sé si asociarlo con la iglesia pues no veo ninguna referencia entre la hidalguía y el estamento eclesiástico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema de la &lt;em&gt;bondad&lt;/em&gt; requiere un capítulo aparte. Veo por ejemplo que es un concepto que se menciona con frecuencia en &lt;em&gt;El Quijote de La Mancha&lt;/em&gt;. Además, el mismo artículo de la Wiki añade más referencias a ella:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Partida Segunda, la Ley XII7 del Título XXI,8 establece dos maneras de llegar a la nobleza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por saber, es decir, mediante el conocimiento y la práctica de Ciencias y Artes Liberales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por bondad de costumbres - more nobilium -.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado una descripción clara de qué calificaba el &lt;em&gt;more nobilium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T08:05:27.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T14:01:24.880" Score="2" ViewCount="1930" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia oigo en España la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese niño &lt;strong&gt;es total&lt;/strong&gt;: siempre que lo veo está haciendo alguna trastada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese científico &lt;strong&gt;es total&lt;/strong&gt;: tiene unas ideas que siempre consiguen asombrar a sus compañeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la usamos para denotar que alguien posee una virtud en abundancia: el ser un trasto, ser inteligente o creativo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué ese uso? ¿Acaso usa &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aA3yF5I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;total&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como cúmulo de todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T01:55:42.097" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;es total&quot; sobre algo que es muy bueno, especialmente de una forma distinta?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T14:48:43.130" Score="6" ViewCount="1786" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &amp;quot;salary&amp;quot; into Spanish. I have found two translations. What is the difference between &amp;quot;salario&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;sueldo&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Italian there are also two translations of salary, one means the actual amount of money and the second one is used without the amount, and is usually accompanied by an adjective. See the definitions in the RAE's &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/salario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salario&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/sueldo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sueldo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;salary&lt;/strong&gt; is about 1'200 EUR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the minimum &lt;strong&gt;salary&lt;/strong&gt; in this country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-12-26T21:00:35.277" LastActivityDate="2020-12-26T21:00:35.277" Title="What is the difference between &quot;sueldo&quot; and &quot;salario&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2016-10-13T15:27:08.633" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though there may be some practical differences, let's stick to what the DRAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ye8fXu5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sueldo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;solĭdus&lt;/em&gt; 'sólido, moneda de oro romana'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Remuneración regular asignada por el desempeño de un cargo o servicio profesional.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X1gL4YQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;salario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;salarium&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;sal&lt;/em&gt; 'sal'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Paga o remuneración regular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cantidad de dinero con que se retribuye a los trabajadores por cuenta ajena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look closely, the first meaning in &lt;em&gt;salario&lt;/em&gt; does not say that the amount of money needs to be paid for a professional work, but it does in the definition of &lt;em&gt;sueldo&lt;/em&gt;. For instance, a kid receives a &lt;em&gt;salario&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RRLZTtD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;paga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; from his parents. But in your examples, you can go for any of the two options (or the three if you count &lt;em&gt;paga&lt;/em&gt;, though it sounds a bit childish to me), as long as you are talking about an amount of money you earn regularly for a professional work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I must insist this is in theory. In practice there may be differences varying along the Spanish-speaking regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T15:27:08.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2016-10-13T16:56:45.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sueldo&quot; and &quot;salario&quot; make me think of &quot;solde&quot; and &quot;salaire&quot; in French.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solde would be used to mean &quot;pay,&quot; but &quot;salaire&quot; is more for an employee's salary, for someone who receives an hourly rate. In French, &quot;honoraire&quot; is used for payment of professional services, something like &quot;honorarium&quot; in English.  There is also the word &quot;gages&quot; in French, corresponding to &quot;wages&quot; in English but not used much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Auto correct seems to be on with this site, unfortunately, so I hope my answer is clear in spite of this &quot;technology&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13912" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T16:56:45.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2016-10-13T20:02:13.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are synonymous, can be used interchangeably for the same purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the synonyms for sueldo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/sueldo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/sueldo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T20:02:13.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18350" CreationDate="2016-10-14T06:50:49.993" Score="3" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente estamos viendo que existen palabras en el DRAE que son de uso solamente en determinadas regiones de España, como es el caso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18332/12637&quot;&gt;&quot;garrapo&quot; y &quot;rungo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (de uso en Salamanca) y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18333/12637&quot;&gt;&quot;costo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (de uso en Cádiz). A veces he leído que al DRAE se le acusa de estar demasiado centrado en el español de España, y este tipo de definiciones parece confirmarlo. De hecho, yo pensaba que las palabras de uso demasiado local no entraban en el diccionario, aunque veo que me equivocaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de Hispanoamérica, sí que vemos muchas palabras en el diccionario de uso en determinados países. Sin embargo, y por comparar con el caso de España, ¿existen palabras en el DRAE que estén marcadas como de uso en pequeñas zonas o ciudades de países de Hispanoamérica, más que en el país entero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conclusión a la que tiendo a llegar, pero esto ya es cosa de debate y por tanto no tiene cabida en este sitio, es si no debería la RAE sacar estas palabras de uso local en España a un &lt;em&gt;diccionario de españoladas&lt;/em&gt; (como me gusta llamarlo), al igual que existe un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org/obras-y-proyectos/diccionarios/diccionario-de-americanismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T21:50:04.973" Title="¿Existen palabras en el DRAE que solo se usen en pequeñas regiones de Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18332" CreationDate="2016-10-14T07:26:56.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/fichero-general&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE es en el único sitio donde he encontrado información, pero nada que explique la diferencia. De hecho, si buscas &quot;rungo&quot; ahí, en las definiciones concernientes a Salamanca en muchas tarjetas aparece definido directamente como &quot;garrapo&quot;, por lo que en principio son sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, buscando por Internet en general he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.charla.actualidad.narkive.com/OGwvv5Tk/quien-hace-honor-a-su-nombre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;este texto&lt;/a&gt; que no sé qué validez tiene:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la cría del cerdo, en general, hasta que tiene el año, se la llama &lt;strong&gt;garrapo&lt;/strong&gt; en casi toda la provincia, guarrapo en Las Sierras de Francia y Béjar, y en El Alto Tormes, gurriato en el oeste y suroeste de la provincia, &lt;strong&gt;rungo&lt;/strong&gt; en El Abadengo y Tierra de Vitigudino, gurrinito en El Rebollar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;rungo&quot; aparece también en &lt;a href=&quot;http://cuentoquenoescuento.blogspot.com.es/2012/04/seria-conveniente-una-decidida.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; sobre &quot;el habla popular de Lumbrales&quot; (que sí, está en Salamanca). Y aparece definida como &quot;garrapo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que la única diferencia entre las palabras es que la primera parece ser de uso común en toda la provincia de Salamanca, y la otra se usa en determinadas zonas rurales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T07:26:56.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22517" CreationDate="2016-10-14T08:44:46.573" Score="2" ViewCount="1232" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo un artículo probablemente escrito en México en el que mencionaban algo así como &lt;em&gt;es muy difícil hacer mandados cuando tienes un bebé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me sonaba la palabra, así que la busqué en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O9JMnp7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mandado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. de mandar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Persona que ejecuta una comisión por encargo ajeno.&#xA;  2. m. Orden, precepto, mandamiento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Comisión que se da en paraje distinto de aquel en que ha de ser desempeñada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Cuba, Méx. y Nic. Compra de lo necesario para la comida.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. Cuba. pene.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. m. desus. Aviso o noticia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  petiso de los mandados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale, queda claro que se trata de hacer la compra (&lt;em&gt;make groceries&lt;/em&gt; dirían en inglés, creo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, luego leyendo toda las acepciones me sorprendió que dos acepciones coexistan. Las remarco repitiéndolas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O9JMnp7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mandado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Cuba, Méx. y Nic. Compra de lo necesario para la comida.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. Cuba. pene.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en Cuba un &lt;em&gt;mandado&lt;/em&gt; puede referirse tanto a hacer la compra como al pene. ¿Cómo puede ser eso? ¿Se usa en el mismo contexto? ¿Podría darse el caso que se utilice cada palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18343/1674&quot;&gt;en distintas partes de Cuba&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T08:46:37.593" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;mandado&quot; en Cuba?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17874" CreationDate="2016-10-14T12:10:35.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basándome en el comentario de guifa, buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; se encuentran hasta 14 ocurrencias de &lt;em&gt;diguo&lt;/em&gt;, en ejemplos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;strong&gt;diguo&lt;/strong&gt; yo considerando el largo tyenpo que a [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;strong&gt;diguo&lt;/strong&gt; que non es necesario buscar otras muxas causas [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] como estas dos et yo uos &lt;strong&gt;diguo&lt;/strong&gt; que si asi la certades uos asi bien como estas [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las ocurrencias son todas de textos de los siglos XV y XVI. Tampoco es de extrañar que los cambios en la ortografía no llegaran hasta más tarde a los pueblos de la España profunda. También recoge el CORDE apariciones de &lt;em&gt;dominguo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Facta carta en el mes de ffebrero, &lt;strong&gt;dominguo&lt;/strong&gt; dia de Carnestueltas, era e tresientos e dizenueu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en este caso las apariciones son para los siglos XIII y XIV. En todo caso, las apariciones de &lt;em&gt;dominguo&lt;/em&gt; para el siglo XIV son tan solo 3, que comparadas con las 302 de &quot;domingo&quot; hacen pensar que pueda ser simplemente una falta de ortografía, aunque por entonces no se pueda llamar como tal, dado que la ortografía no estaba regulada. También es posible, como dice guifa, que se permitieran ambas formas, pero el diptongo &quot;uo&quot; se fuera perdiendo en favor de la &quot;o&quot; simple. Las apariciones de &quot;digo&quot; en el CORDE también son mucho más numerosas que las de &lt;em&gt;diguo&lt;/em&gt; en aquella época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;em&gt;hebrero&lt;/em&gt;, como dijo fedorqui aún sigue recogido en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K4bpc8Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hebrero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. desus. febrero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T12:58:41.280" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T12:58:41.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18348" CreationDate="2016-10-14T13:34:23.360" Score="3" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take this sentence in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Society disapproved of Profumo’s actions—and this undoubtedly&#xA;  contributed to the ensuing public storm—but this does not fully&#xA;  explain the fallout from the affair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A native, professional Spanish translator gave the translation as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sociedad desaprobó los actos de Profumo y ello contribuyó sin duda&#xA;  a avivar la tormenta. Sin embargo, este motivo no es el único para&#xA;  explicar los efectos colaterales del caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the Spanish has two sentences compared to one in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: is it reasonable to expect that English can always map to Spanish on a sentence-by-sentence basis or do linguistic differences mean that what can be expressed in one sentence in one language may take more in another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13930" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T13:48:25.573" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T19:01:27.723" Title="Is it reasonable to expect an exact sentence-for-sentence Spanish translation of English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18347" CreationDate="2016-10-14T13:54:03.033" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The direct translation to your sentence would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sociedad desaprobó (...) —y ello contribuyó (...)— pero este motivo (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of the current:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sociedad desaprobó (...) y ello contribuyó (...). Sin embargo, este motivo (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the translator may have thought that splitting into two sentences makes the whole text more understandable. Both sound fine to me, since they respect the meaning and keep the focus on the same aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You then ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is it reasonable to expect that English can always map to Spanish on a sentence-by-sentence basis or do linguistic differences mean that what can be expressed in one sentence in one language may take more in another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is difficult to say in a generic way. In many cases, it is true: you can express the same idea in a sentence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, it is important to note that &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17025/1674&quot;&gt;Spanish sentences tend to be longer than those in English by about 1/5 to 1/4&lt;/a&gt;. This means that there may be an inclination to split those that become too long for Spanish, while they are still &quot;short&quot; in English. May this be because English idioms make the language more terse, I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note: I once was translating my cv from Spanish into English and a girl who had a better knowledge of English than me said: &lt;em&gt;Hey, fedorqui, just use short sentences&lt;/em&gt;. So I ended up splitting long Spanish sentences into smaller ones in English. But, still, I have the feeling that my English sentences are way longer than the ones native speakers write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T19:01:27.723" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18089" CreationDate="2016-10-14T14:28:02.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá las diferencias son tan imperceptibles de manera consciente, que solo pueden matizarse a muy bajo nivel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He añadido aquí una respuesta que he encontrado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081120163708AARD3ox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yahoo Answers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sabor &lt;strong&gt;amargo&lt;/strong&gt; es uno de los cinco sabores básicos es el más&#xA;  necesitado de hábitos para que sea gusto adquirido y es debido a que&#xA;  es quizás el más desagradable de los cinco. &lt;strong&gt;Se detecta mediante las&#xA;  papilas gustativas ubicadas en la parte posterior de la lengua&lt;/strong&gt;. Los&#xA;  investigadores de la biología evolutiva han sugerido que &lt;strong&gt;este sabor es&#xA;  interpretado como desagradable en muchas culturas debido al mecanismo&#xA;  de defensa que muestra la necesidad de sobrevivir evitando los&#xA;  envenenamientos, esto es así debido a que la mayoría de los venenos&#xA;  son amargos en su sabor&lt;/strong&gt;.[1] [2] Se ha descubierto a comienzos del&#xA;  siglo XXI que &lt;strong&gt;los receptores de la sensación de amargo son unos&#xA;  sensores denominados T2R&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;sabor ácido&lt;/strong&gt; (a menudo se identifica también con el sabor agrio) es&#xA;  uno de los cinco sabores básicos &lt;strong&gt;detectado por las papilas gustativas&#xA;  de la lengua ubicadas a ambos lados de la parte posterior de la misma&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;  Los sensores de las papilas gustativas detectan mediante canales&#xA;  iónicos los iones oxonio (H3O+) que se forman al haber ácidos en&#xA;  presencia de agua. Al igual que el sabor amargo, el ácido es&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;considerado como una 'alarma' por el cerebro ya que algunas sustancias&#xA;  venenosas y perjudiciales poseen sabores ácidos&lt;/strong&gt;.[1] Los &lt;strong&gt;sensores&#xA;  específicos en la lengua que detectan el sabor ácido se denominan&#xA;  TAS2R&lt;/strong&gt;.[2] [3]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia radicará pues en su composición química y en los mecanismos del cerebro para diferenciar ambos sabores según estas composiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente por esto, por ser unos matices difíciles de apreciar que usamos los dos manera de manera indistinta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambos son sabores básicos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambos son detectados por las mismas papilas gustativas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambos son una alerta de posibles sustancias venenosas. Y sabiendo esto, tampoco sería necesario matizar por qué razón lo son. El cerebro busca la solución más rápida al problema de la supervivencia. Los detalles están de más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambos tiene propiedades químicas diferentes y por ello tenemos receptores distintos para detectarlas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;strong&gt;Agrio&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por más que leo, agrio &lt;strong&gt;no se contempla como sabor básico&lt;/strong&gt;, sino como un matiz del sabor que indica acidez. Si buscas en Wikipedia por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sabor_agrio&amp;amp;redirect=no&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agrio&lt;/a&gt;, ¡¡te redirige a ácido!! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuanto más leo al respecto más me convence la idea de que es un matiz del sabor y no un sabor en sí mismo. Se emplea para describir el sabores de cítricos los cuales también describiríamos como ácidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La línea que separa estos tres conceptos es muy, muy fina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="10807" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T20:14:07.563" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T20:14:07.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18343" CreationDate="2016-10-14T14:30:45.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿existen palabras en el DRAE que estén marcadas como de uso en pequeñas zonas o ciudades de países de Hispanoamérica, más que en el país entero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos referimos a palabras de nueva inclusión, la respuesta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;No&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 2014 al presentar la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/la-23a-edicion-2014&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;23ª edición del diccionario&lt;/a&gt;, la vigente, el periódico uruguayo El País entrevistó a Pedro Álvarez de Miranda, director de la obra y bajo el título de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elpais.com.uy/vida-actual/americanismos-crecen-nuevo-diccionario-rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los americanismos crecen en el nuevo diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; podemos leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La nueva edición del Diccionario, trece años después de su última salida en 2001, se ha armonizado con el Diccionario de Americanismos, de manera que &lt;strong&gt;se &amp;quot;ha acordado la inclusión de los americanismos que se usen al menos en tres países&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, añadió Álvarez de Miranda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que no, por decisión editorial el DRAE de 2014 no debería contener entradas nuevas que se refieran a una región más pequeña que un país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa es que antes de esa fecha ya hubiera alguna, como apunta Rafael en su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el pdf enlazado en la página de la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/La_vigesimotercera_edicion.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La vigesimotercera edición&lt;/a&gt; se menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la MARCACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA, a partir de esta edición se utiliza la marca «Am.» (América) para aquellas acepciones con uso atestiguado en catorce países americanos o más. (...) Además, se ha procurado incorporar en un mayor número de ocasiones la marca correspondiente a España («Esp.»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que la tendencia es de asociar cada palabra a países, en lugar de regiones. Será interesante ver si esto también implica eliminar entradas muy específicas de zonas concretas de España, así como editar las existentes de zonas de Hispanoamérica para asociarlas a un país en lugar de una región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, al hilo de un festival cultural mexicano de septiembre de 2016, la BBC escribió un artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-36847933&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las primeras palabras latinoamericanas que entraron al diccionario de la Real Academia Española (RAE)&lt;/a&gt; en el que aborda esta descompensación, además de realizar un interesante repaso histórico de la evolución de las academias de la lengua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una crítica muy frecuente que se le ha hecho al diccionario de la RAE es ser hispanocentrista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la aparición de las primeras academias americanas — la primera fue la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua, fundada en 1871 — la cuota de &amp;quot;americanismos&amp;quot; incluidos en las nuevas versiones del diccionario aumentó de forma considerable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más aún con la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE), conformada en México en 1951 e integrada por las 23 academias de la lengua española existentes en el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahora mismo se está decidiendo cómo será el nuevo diccionario, pero se tiene claro que deberá funcionar en pie de igualdad&amp;quot;, asegura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Que no sea la Real Academia Española la que decida qué voces se aceptan y cuáles no, sino que lo hagan todas por igual&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, en la noticia de El País Álvarez de Miranda indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hemos sido más rápidos de lo habitual aceptando 'tuit' y 'tuitero'&amp;quot;, dijo el director de la RAE, José Manuel Blecua.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;El diccionario &amp;quot;intenta reflejar como un modelo lo que es la situación de la lengua en estos momentos&amp;quot;, explicó Blecua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T18:49:29.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18343" CreationDate="2016-10-14T15:00:08.047" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal como se menciona en los comentarios, pareciera que la RAE intencionalmente atribuye al país americanismos que pueden ser más locales. A la espera de que aparezca un contraejemplo (quizá haya alguno en México, por ser un país extenso y no &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; centralizado), creo que de todas formas no se puede excluir sin más los localismos de países que constituyen un porcentaje muy bajo del mundo hispanohablante. Respondería que hasta cierto punto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE al menos acepta localismos de fuera de España y que son usados por un porcentaje que se podría considerar marginal de hablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, Chile está lleno de chilenismos, y algunos de ellos han llegado al diccionario sin pasar por otros países. Si se toma por población (más desfavorable que por área), Chile es &lt;em&gt;chico&lt;/em&gt; en relación al mundo hispanohablante: 18 millones, que corresponden a un 3 o 4% del total (según si se consideran o no los que lo hablan como segundo idioma, equivalente a dos o tres comunidades autónomas grandes en España, o un tercio de su población total).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer chilenismo que se me viene a la cabeza es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ACKPj8r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;condoro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y al menos el DLE me da la razón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condoro&lt;/strong&gt;: 1. m. &lt;em&gt;Chile&lt;/em&gt;. Torpeza grave y vergonzosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos incluyen acepciones particulares de palabras con otros significados como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jlk2fOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huaso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SC8ktVo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;patudo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y vulgaridades como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlpCsWJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huevada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T17:13:13.217" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T17:13:13.217" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18357" CreationDate="2016-10-15T12:34:50.753" Score="13" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;To form adverbs in Spanish, you take your chosen adjective, e.g. &lt;strong&gt;lent@&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;slow&lt;/em&gt;, turn it into the feminine form, &lt;strong&gt;lenta&lt;/strong&gt;, then add &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lentamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;slowly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you use the feminine form here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most gender-neutral cases, Spanish takes the masculine form, but this doesn't, why not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="13972" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T18:25:25.967" LastActivityDate="2020-06-19T15:33:10.293" Title="Why are Spanish adverbs formed using the feminine?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18355" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-15T12:53:05.180" Score="5" ViewCount="916" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish word '&lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt;' used to be spelt &lt;em&gt;rei&lt;/em&gt; (as it still is in some old place names, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pla%C3%A7a_del_Rei&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Plaça del Rei&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why did it change from one spelling to another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T19:05:53.150" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T15:35:49.517" Title="Why was the word for king 'rei' changed to 'rey'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2020-02-18T15:54:42.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18354" CreationDate="2016-10-15T13:00:20.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Owj95I8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; the suffix &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Latin mens (which also gives us the Spanish &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;). Since that is feminine presumably the adjective agreed with it. So you originally said &lt;em&gt;de lenta mente&lt;/em&gt; or some such. There is also, in the entry for &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; itself the phrase &lt;em&gt;de buena mente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T15:18:14.483" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T15:18:14.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18354" CreationDate="2016-10-15T15:34:32.080" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(English version; loose Spanish translation follows)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Latin &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt; produced ablative &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This practice began all the way back in Classical Latin, passed into Vulgar Latin and Proto-Romance and thence to all modern Western Romance tongues: Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Occitan, French, and the many related neighboring languages in that group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; substantive &lt;em&gt;la mente&lt;/em&gt; derives from the same ultimate Latin origin as does its &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; suffix used to derive adverbs from adjectives: &lt;em&gt;mens/mentis&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; noun from the third declension. This noun meant &lt;em&gt;thought&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mind&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, the latter being its English cognate through a common Proto-Indo-European ancestor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mens#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary entry for Latin &lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; observes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most classical Latin, the ablative singular &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; was used with a feminine adjective to form a phrasal adverb that expressed a person's state of mind, such as &lt;em&gt;vēlōcī mente&lt;/em&gt; ‎(“quick-mindedly, with a quick mind”)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;29-19 BCE, Virgil, Aenid, book 4, line 105:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;sensit enim &lt;strong&gt;simulata mente&lt;/strong&gt; locutam‎&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;for she realized that (she) had spoken with false purpose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Late Latin, this construction began to be extended to other adjectives and uses as well, and in Vulgar Latin and the later Romance languages, it became a general adverbial suffix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_(Latin)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin’s ablative case&lt;/a&gt; had quite a few uses that we now represent with a separate preposition instead of nominal case inflection. One of these prepositions used to translate the ablative case is &lt;em&gt;with&lt;/em&gt;, so using &lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt; in the ablative &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; meant “with (a/the) mind/thought”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By adding an adjective to that noun, as in &lt;em&gt;rapida mente&lt;/em&gt;, it therefore indicates in a rapid manner. You can see why the adjective has to agree with a &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; noun: because &lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt; itself was &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also why you can chain together adverbs in Spanish by using a sequence of &lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; adjectives saving up the &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; adverbial suffix for the last adjective in the series:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se lo explicó &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lenta, clara&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cariñosa&lt;/em&gt;mente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; suffix on the last term, &lt;i&gt;cariñosa&lt;b&gt;-mente&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, distributes to both the earlier terms &lt;em&gt;lenta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;clara&lt;/em&gt;. But you do not use &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/130143/2085&quot;&gt;suspension hyphens&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish for this as one might do in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Body and Mind&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This Romance habit of using a version of “mind” to derive adverbs from directly in lieu of using a longer phrase corresponds to the Germanic habit of using a version of “body” to do so.  We no longer think about it, but the English &lt;em&gt;-ly&lt;/em&gt; suffix comes from a word that meant “body”, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lich#English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lich&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  This practice also occurs in related languages like Dutch and German.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where Romance tongues use a “mind” suffix, Germanic ones use a “body” suffix for the same purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(traducción suelta)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pregunta original:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para formar adverbios en español, se toma el adjetivo elegido, como por&#xA;ejemplo &lt;em&gt;lento&lt;/em&gt;, se pone en forma femenina como &lt;em&gt;lenta&lt;/em&gt; y entonces se añade el&#xA;sufijo &lt;em&gt;‑mente&lt;/em&gt; para llegar al adverbio, &lt;em&gt;lentamente&lt;/em&gt;.  ¿Por qué usas la forma&#xA;femenina aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de los casos en que no importa el género, se usa la&#xA;forma masculina en castellano, pero este caso no funciona así: ¿por qué no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;En latín se produjo &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; en caso ablativo del vocablo &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta práctica comenzó en el latín clásico, pasó al latín vulgar y al&#xA;proto-romance y de ahí a todas las lenguas romances occidentales modernas:&#xA;el italiano, el castellano, el asturiano, el gallego, el portugués, el&#xA;aragonés, el catalán, el occitano, el francés y los otros muchos idiomas&#xA;vecinos que pertenecen a ese grupo amplio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se deriva &lt;em&gt;la mente&lt;/em&gt;, ahora un sustantivo femenino en español moderno, del&#xA;mismo lejano origen latino como igualmente se deriva el sufijo &lt;em&gt;‑mente&lt;/em&gt; que&#xA;se usa para derivar “adverbios de manera” de adjetivos: &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt;, un&#xA;sustantivo femenino de la tercera declinación latina. Este sustantivo&#xA;significa pensamiento o mente, siendo este último el cognato de la&#xA;palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;mind&lt;/em&gt; a través de un ancestro proto-indoeuropeo común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su etimología, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/-mente#Owj95I8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice el diccionario de la Real Academia&#xA;Española&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;‑mente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;, ablativo de &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt; ‘inteligencia’, ‘propósito’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;elemento compositivo. Forma adverbios a partir de adjetivos. &lt;em&gt;Fácilmente, pobremente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Wikcionario español dice lo siguiente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mens#Lat%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su entrada para la voz latina&#xA;&lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Etimología&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del protoitálico &lt;i&gt;*mn̥ti‑&lt;/i&gt;, y este del protoindoeuropeo &lt;i&gt;*mn̥tís&lt;/i&gt;,&#xA;o bien &lt;i&gt;*méntis&lt;/i&gt;. Compárese el sánscrito &lt;i&gt;मति&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;em&gt;matí&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;(“pensamiento”, “mente”), el avéstico &lt;em&gt;maiti&lt;/em&gt; (“pensamiento”, “idea”),&#xA;el lituano &lt;em&gt;mintis&lt;/em&gt; (“pensamiento”, “idea”), el eslavo eclesiástico&#xA;antiguo &lt;em&gt;pamęъ&lt;/em&gt; (“memoria”, “monumento”), el gótico &lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(&lt;em&gt;anaminds&lt;/em&gt;) (ana‑&lt;i&gt;minds&lt;/i&gt; “sospecha”) y &lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;gaminþi&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;(ga‑&lt;i&gt;minþi&lt;/i&gt; “memoria”) y el alemán antiguo &lt;em&gt;gimunt&lt;/em&gt; (gi‑&lt;i&gt;munt&lt;/i&gt;&#xA;“memoria”). Además el inglés antiguo &lt;em&gt;gemynd&lt;/em&gt; (“pensamiento”), a su vez&#xA;origen del inglés &lt;em&gt;mind&lt;/em&gt; (“mente”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mens#Usage_notes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se nota en la entrada correspondiente en inglés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Usage notes&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most classical Latin, the ablative singular &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt; was used with a&#xA;feminine adjective to form a phrasal adverb that expressed a person’s state&#xA;of mind, such as &lt;em&gt;vēlōcī mente&lt;/em&gt; (“quick-mindedly, with a quick mind”):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1st century BCE, Catullus, poem 8, line 11:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;sed &lt;strong&gt;obstinata mente&lt;/strong&gt; perfer, obdura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;but with a resolved mind, endure, hold out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;29–19 BCE, Virgil, &lt;em&gt;Aenid&lt;/em&gt;, book 4, line 105:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;sensit enim &lt;strong&gt;simulata mente&lt;/strong&gt; locutam&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;for she realized that (she) had spoken with false purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Late Latin, this construction began to be extended to other adjectives&#xA;and uses as well, and in Vulgar Latin and the later Romance languages, it&#xA;became a general adverbial suffix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;8th century, Reichenau Glosses:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;singulariter pro solamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;singulariter&lt;/em&gt; for/instead of &lt;em&gt;solamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_(Latin)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caso ablativo tenía varios usos distintos en latín&#xA;antiguo&lt;/a&gt; que ahora solemos&#xA;representar con una preposición en lugar de una inflexión nominal del caso,&#xA;la que ya no tenemos. Una de estas preposiciones que hoy en día utilizamos&#xA;en castellano para traducir el antiguo caso ablativo es &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Por eso&#xA;cuando los romanos usaban &lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt; en caso ablativo, significaban “&lt;b&gt;con&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;(una / la) mente” o bien “&lt;b&gt;con&lt;/b&gt; (un / el) pensamiento”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando usaban un adjetivo con ese sustantivo, como p.ej. &lt;em&gt;rapida mente&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;por lo tanto esto indicaba “de manera rápida”. Puedes ver por qué el&#xA;adjetivo tenía que concordar con un sustantivo femenino: porque &lt;em&gt;mens&lt;/em&gt; era&#xA;palabra femenina en aquel entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también nos da la explicación por la curiosa práctica castellana de&#xA;encadenar adverbios usando una secuencia de adjetivos femeninos que guardan&#xA;el sufijo &lt;em&gt;‑mente&lt;/em&gt; adverbial para el último adjetivo de la serie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se lo explicó &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lenta, clara&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;i&gt;cariñosa&lt;/i&gt;mente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, ese sufijo &lt;em&gt;‑mente&lt;/em&gt; del último término, &lt;em&gt;cariñosa&lt;b&gt;‑mente&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;distribuye a ambos términos anteriores, &lt;em&gt;lenta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;clara&lt;/em&gt;. Pero en español&#xA;no se usan los así llamados &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/130143/2085&quot;&gt;“guiones de&#xA;suspensión”&lt;/a&gt; como en&#xA;inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cuerpo y mente&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este hábito romance de usar una versión de &lt;em&gt;mens, mente&lt;/em&gt; para derivar adverbios&#xA;directamente en lugar de usar una frase más larga corresponde al hábito&#xA;germánico de usar una versión de su palabra para &lt;em&gt;cuerpo&lt;/em&gt; para hacer la&#xA;mismita cosa. Y aunque nunca piensan en ello, la verdad es que el sufijo inglés &lt;em&gt;‑ly&lt;/em&gt; viene&#xA;de una palabra que de antaño significaba “cuerpo”: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lich&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lich&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. También ocurre&#xA;esta práctica en otros idiomas germánicos relacionados al inglés como el&#xA;holandés y el alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces cuando en las lenguas romances usamos un sufijo derivado de&#xA;“mente” para crear adverbios de manera, en las lenguas germánicas&#xA;usan un sufijo derivado de “cuerpo” con el mismo propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2020-06-19T15:33:10.293" LastActivityDate="2020-06-19T15:33:10.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18355" CreationDate="2016-10-15T15:44:51.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Notice that &lt;em&gt;Plaça del Rei&lt;/em&gt; is Catalan, not Spanish (cf. &lt;em&gt;Pla&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;a del Re&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for why Catalan &lt;em&gt;rei&lt;/em&gt; retained a more conservative orthography (given both forms derive from the Latin &lt;em&gt;regis&lt;/em&gt;), I think this is due to Catalan (among other Romance languages) historically maintaining the influcence of Romance for longer than Castillian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Castillian, due to its half a millennia politico-economic-military expansion along the peninsula, suffered more changes than Catalan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a poor resume, but 800 years of history is hard to summarize. I suggest taking a look at Wikipedia's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Catalan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;History of Catalan &lt;/a&gt; for further detail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2020-02-18T15:35:49.517" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T15:35:49.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18355" CreationDate="2016-10-15T16:04:22.367" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;rei&lt;/em&gt; spelling occurs in many Western Romance languages, but not in Castilian. The most ancient epic poem that remains to us in Old Spanish, &lt;em&gt;El Cantar de mio Çid&lt;/em&gt;, notably has these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En yra del &lt;strong&gt;rey&lt;/strong&gt; Alffonsso yo sere metido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si con uusco escapo sano o biuo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aun çerca o tarde el &lt;strong&gt;rey&lt;/strong&gt; querer me ha por amigo;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si non quanto dexo no lo pre&lt;strong&gt;ç&lt;/strong&gt;io un figo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ffablo Myo &lt;strong&gt;Ç&lt;/strong&gt;id, el que en buen ora &lt;strong&gt;ç&lt;/strong&gt;inxo espada:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Martin Antolinez, sodes ardida lan&lt;strong&gt;ç&lt;/strong&gt;a:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si yo biuo doblar uos he la soldada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt; was already spelled &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt; back in the Twelfth Century. The same is true of &lt;em&gt;plaza&lt;/em&gt;, although other words did use the cedilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vio que entrellos e el castiello mucho auie grand &lt;strong&gt;plaza&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mando tornar la senna, apriessa espoloneaua:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ffirid los caualleros, todos sines dubdan&lt;strong&gt;ç&lt;/strong&gt;a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, it is now spelled &lt;em&gt;rei&lt;/em&gt; in most other Iberian Romance, including in Asturian, Aragonese, Catalan, Galician, and Portuguese. Old Portuguese shared the &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt; spelling with Castilian, but that is no longer used today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Shifting Orthographies&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s remember that just as the Latin alphabet did not originally have the letter &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; (let alone &lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt;) but only &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;, so too did it have no letter &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, only &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;. This meant that the &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; had to serve as both vowel and consonant.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another important point is that there was no “fixed orthography” for many centuries. Different scribes spelled things differently, and no one thought anything of this. Notice how in El Cid above, you see the spellings &lt;em&gt;bi&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; for modern &lt;em&gt;vivo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;m&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; for modern &lt;em&gt;mío&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But even after the printing press, there was a great deal of variation. It was not so long ago that &lt;em&gt;San Isidro&lt;/em&gt; was &lt;em&gt;San Ysidro&lt;/em&gt;, and even the Castilian conjunction &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; was of old written &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; (as in Portuguese) and much more recently sometimes seen written as &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; (as in Catalan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website www.curiosidario.es “Curiosidario: Curiosidades de la Lengua Española” has an article on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.curiosidario.es/historia-de-las-letras-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Historia de las letras&lt;/a&gt; in which they write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el español antiguo la representación del sonido [i] la compartían la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; (conocida como &lt;em&gt;i corta&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;media&lt;/em&gt;), la llamada &lt;em&gt;baja&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;larga&lt;/em&gt; (origen de nuestra j, como vimos en su apartado) y la &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; (conocida como alta). A su vez, la &lt;em&gt;i corta&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;media&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;i baja&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;larga&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;) podían hacer oficio de consonantes, invadiendo el terreno de la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, con lo que la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; se vio obligada a invadir el terreno vocálico de las otras. Debido a tal confusión, no era poco frecuente ver, por ejemplo, la palabra &lt;em&gt;viejo&lt;/em&gt; escrita también &lt;em&gt;vieio&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vjeio&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;maIor&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sjn&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;isla&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;eysla&lt;/em&gt;; o &lt;em&gt;Pompeyo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pompejo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Pompeio&lt;/em&gt;. La solución empezó a darse con la aparición de la imprenta, pero tardó siglos en llegarse al acuerdo actual: &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; es vocal en todos los casos, &lt;em&gt;i griega&lt;/em&gt; para la conjunción copulativa más para el sonido [&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;] al final de palabras que acaben en &lt;em&gt;-ái, -éi, -ói&lt;/em&gt; y frecuentemente en &lt;em&gt;-úi&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Uruguay, guiriguay, ley, doy, muy&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así pues, desde 1726 la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; se convirtió oficialmente en la conjunción copulativa del español, menos cuando la siguiente palabra empieza con &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, en cuyo caso se sustituye por una &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example, from Gonzalo de Berceo we read in &lt;em&gt;Milagros de Nuestra Sennora&lt;/em&gt; from the thirteenth century, we read “nunqua varón en duenna metió ma&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;or querencia” for what we would now write “nunca varón en dueña metió ma&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;or querencia”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many, many more examples of writing being different in past centuries than it is today. There are many reasons for this, however, with various stories to be be had for each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T01:01:06.830" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T01:01:06.830" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18451" CreationDate="2016-10-15T19:16:58.600" Score="5" ViewCount="597" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is this expression in Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;pasarlo teta&lt;/strong&gt;. It means to have a really good time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer fuimos al parque de atracciones y nos &lt;strong&gt;lo pasamos teta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Yesterday we went to the theme park and we &lt;em&gt;spent it boob&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding, it is used in contexts when you enjoy like a child, but not always is this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am wondering: why is this expression used? What is its origin? Is it related to the pleasure of an infant while breastfeeding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:26:08.217" Title="Why is &quot;pasarlo teta&quot; (&quot;spend it boob&quot;) a good thing in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18364" CreationDate="2016-10-15T21:48:10.213" Score="5" ViewCount="3045" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed in Spanish the suffix -ria seems to mean &quot;a place that sells&quot; &#xA;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A laundromat is &lt;em&gt;lavandería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A meat store is a &lt;em&gt;carnicería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A fruit stand is a &lt;em&gt;frutería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bread store is a &lt;em&gt;panaderia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A coffee shop is a &lt;em&gt;cafetería&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A book store is &lt;em&gt;librería&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet that doesn't always hold up, because a brothel/ house of prostitution would be translated as &quot;sexoria&quot; - why doesn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13945" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T21:55:24.713" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T12:46:54.917" Title="Does the suffix &quot;-ria&quot; in Spanish always mean &quot;a place that sells?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18343" CreationDate="2016-10-15T21:50:04.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la versión de 1983 del DRAE era común encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/marcas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;marcas lexicográficas&lt;/a&gt; para atribuir voces a regiones dentro de países latinoamericanos, individualizadas no por nombre, sino por &lt;em&gt;puntos cardinales&lt;/em&gt; (p.ej., &lt;strong&gt;Noroeste de Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Este de Bolivia&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.). La mayoría de esas voces (probablemente todas) en la versión actual han perdido esa especificación y son atribuidas al país completo. Dos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acatanca&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/acatanca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en 1983&lt;/a&gt; decía &lt;em&gt;Noroeste&lt;/em&gt; de Arg., &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0JjZ9Wx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hoy&lt;/a&gt; sólo Arg.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toco&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/toco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en 1983&lt;/a&gt; decía &lt;em&gt;Este&lt;/em&gt; de Bol., &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZwvgxDI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hoy&lt;/a&gt; sólo Bol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única marca lexicográfica (que he podido encontrar hasta ahora) que modifica al país, especifícandolo, es &lt;strong&gt;rural&lt;/strong&gt;. No se trata de una región en sentido estricto, eso sí. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acodillado&lt;/em&gt; dice &lt;em&gt;rur. Arg.&lt;/em&gt; tanto &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/acodillado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en 1983&lt;/a&gt; como en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0Vv44cN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;versión actual&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T21:50:04.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18362" CreationDate="2016-10-15T22:00:41.370" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;All these nouns come from the place where a person realizes a specific job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lavandería → lavand&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carnicería → carnic&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frutería → frut&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panadería → panad&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cafetería → cafet&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Libería → libr&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, all of them share the &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; suffix, which is quite common in professions whose name comes from Latin. And this one is described by DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G2rZOMn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. -arius.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;suf. En sustantivos, indica oficio, ocupación, profesión o cargo. Ingeniero, jornalero, librero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;suf. Forma derivados que designan utensilios o muebles. Billetero, perchero, llavero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;suf. Significa lugar donde abunda o se deposita algo. Hormiguero, basurero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;suf. Se refiere a árboles frutales. Albaricoquero, melocotonero, membrillero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;suf. En adjetivos significa, en general, carácter o condición moral. Altanero, embustero, traicionero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, all your examples would fall in the first case: &lt;em&gt;substantives indicating trade, profession, occupation or position&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;-ria&lt;/em&gt; is also present in words like &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NgoG0zM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lujuria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (lust, carnal desire) and many others. Among them, those having the suffix &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b9UOcK7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-uria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that relate to urine issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: yes, it can be the case in multiple cases, but we cannot say that suffix -&lt;em&gt;ria&lt;/em&gt; is only related to places that sell things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yet that doesn't always hold up, because a brothel/ house of prostitution would be translated as &quot;sexoria&quot; - why doesn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you know, languages are not built all in one shot. So as much as many professions get their name from Latin, as we just saw, many others come from other origins. And this also for the places where they develop their profession. In the case of your question, brothel can be &lt;em&gt;burdel&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Nidcjwm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lupanar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mancebía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UQsTcwb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;prostíbulo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... many with Latin origin, but others with Catalan or Occitan one (burdel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the same applies with suffixes: it is not a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bijection&lt;/a&gt; between a certain suffix and a meaning, but other words can have it without sharing the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T12:46:54.917" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T12:46:54.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18362" CreationDate="2016-10-15T22:12:31.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is not &amp;quot;-ria&amp;quot; the &lt;em&gt;morfema&lt;/em&gt; you are trying to understand. It's &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/-%C3%ADa#/languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ia&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forma sustantivos femeninos con el &amp;gt;significado de &amp;quot;taller o almacén&amp;quot;,&#xA;a partir de palabras con el&#xA;sufijo -ero.Ejemplo:«sombrerero → sombrerería» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;taller o almacén con -ía, derivados de palabras con -ero, -era&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-ia is a morfema that modifies the meaning of a noun providing the noun the property of &amp;quot;warehouse or workshop&amp;quot;. But not property of &amp;quot;store&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sex can not be stored :-) and sex can not be  built/created/produced by any workshop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The morfema is valid for nouns that means professions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fruta -&amp;gt; Frut&lt;strong&gt;ero&lt;/strong&gt; -&amp;gt; Fruter&lt;strong&gt;ía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happens with sex that there's not a sex crafter/productor/creator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sex -&amp;gt; Sexero -&amp;gt; Sexeria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither Sexero nor Sexeria exists (I think), so the rule to transform the monema (meaning) of -ero/-era into -ia is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T22:21:01.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18362" CreationDate="2016-10-15T22:16:06.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_cr%C3%ADtico_etimol%C3%B3gico_castellano_e_hisp%C3%A1nico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corominas&lt;/a&gt;, most of the words you cite (if not all) are attested around the XIII-XIV centuries, &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; the corresponding &lt;em&gt;-ero(a)&lt;/em&gt; word (lavandera, carnicero), X-ero meaning &lt;em&gt;the one who sells X&lt;/em&gt;, and sometimes a regular derivation from an existing Latin word for the profession. This suggests that X-ería is nothing but the place where X-eros work (as @Laiv notes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably there is no &lt;em&gt;sexería&lt;/em&gt; for two reasons: on one hand, the one who &lt;em&gt;sells&lt;/em&gt; sex has its own words (not &lt;em&gt;sexero&lt;/em&gt;); on the other hand, such concepts are usually treated differently since they tend to be considered rude. (There is, however, a word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UjfG9eb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;putería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, rude and informal, with one meaning for the place where &lt;em&gt;putas&lt;/em&gt; work).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;X-ería&lt;/em&gt; does not &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; mean a place to sell X. Some counterexamples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SIDehHa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedantería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (pedantry)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=92yBszk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chulería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (arrogance or grace)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T22:16:06.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18370" CreationDate="2016-10-16T00:17:42.523" Score="3" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone asked me &quot;¿Nos juntemos?&quot; meaning if I would like to hang out with him in the near future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the expression weird. I thought it should be &quot;¿Nos juntamos?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9260" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T04:42:21.040" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T04:42:21.040" Title="Is &quot;¿Nos juntemos?&quot; well said?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-10-16T07:24:55.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, I wouldn't say &quot;¿Nos juntemos?&quot; to ask someone to meet me. Although &quot;juntemos&quot; is the subjunctive form of the verb and therefore it expresses a possibility or a desire, it's not used that way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The right way to say that is &quot;¿Nos juntamos?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you could use that expression in a non-interrogative way, like in this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ojalá nos juntemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &quot;I hope we could meet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13943" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T07:24:55.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18373" CreationDate="2016-10-16T08:54:58.810" Score="6" ViewCount="2546" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if it is raining very heavily, you could say that it is '&lt;em&gt;raining cats and dogs&lt;/em&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish use 'cats and dogs? If not why something different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T04:52:32.220" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T09:23:01.393" Title="Is there an equivalent idiom for 'raining cats and dogs'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18371" CreationDate="2016-10-16T09:06:21.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest ones would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/llover_a_c%C3%A1ntaros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Llueve a cántaros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/llover_a_mares#Espa.C3.B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Llueve a mares&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/diluviar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Está diluviando&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being exaggerated we could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está cayendo la de Dios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está cayendo el diluvio universal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T12:52:12.383" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T12:52:12.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18371" CreationDate="2016-10-16T09:06:55.567" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7BmGIYa&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llover a cántaros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a cántaros&#xA;  1. loc. adv. En abundancia, con mucha fuerza. Llover, caer, echar a cántaros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;being &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/traductor/c%C3%A1ntaro&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cántaro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a (large) pitcher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, at least in Spain, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caer chuzos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caer chuzos de punta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llover chuzos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llover chuzos de punta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caer chuzos, o caer chuzos de punta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. coloqs. Llover, granizar o nevar con mucha fuerza o ímpetu.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llover chuzos, o llover chuzos de punta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. coloqs. Llover con mucha fuerza o ímpetu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;being &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/traductor/chuzo&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chuzo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a spiked stick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MNS3Y2j%7CMNUQpAt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jarrear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. impers. Llover copiosamente.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWErHxJ&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llover a más y mejor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a más y mejor&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Denota intensidad o plenitud de acción. Llover a más y mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T09:43:27.053" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T09:43:27.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18444" CreationDate="2016-10-16T10:23:58.950" Score="3" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Merriam-Webster defines &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shanghai&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;shanghai&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to put aboard a ship by force often with the help of liquor or a drug  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia defines &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghaiing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;shanghaiing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shanghaiing or crimping is the practice of kidnapping people to serve as sailors by coercive techniques such as trickery, intimidation, or violence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The verb &quot;to shanghai&quot; joined the lexicon with &quot;crimping&quot; and &quot;sailor thieves&quot; in the 1850s. A theory of the word's origin is that it comes from the Chinese city of Shanghai, a common destination of the ships with abducted crews. The term has since expanded to mean &quot;kidnapped&quot; or &quot;induced to do something by means of fraud.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Crimp+(recruitment)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Crimp+(recruitment)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shanghaiing was normal practice in Iceland during the 1950s and 60s as there was a lack of personnel for the nation's fishing fleet, due to a large influx of Faroese fishermen willing to work for less. Fishermen would be given vast amounts of alcohol and the boats would leave when the sailors were sleeping or too drunk to realize what was happening. As the Faroese fishermen returned to the Faroese Islands during the 1970s the practice stopped [citation needed].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=shanghai&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Collins dictionary&lt;/a&gt; entry is more a description than a translation:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to shanghai sb (Naut) (archaic) narcotizar or emborrachar a algn y llevarle como marinero; (fig) secuestrar a algn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a good translation of &quot;to shanghai&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T10:44:52.530" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T08:56:39.177" Title="How to translate &quot;shanghai&quot; or &quot;shanghaiing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18333" CreationDate="2016-10-16T11:33:35.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad podría ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P0c4pKa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;merienda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Comida ligera que se toma a media tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Comida que se toma &lt;strong&gt;al mediodía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el uso más común sea el de la primera acepción, la segunda se aproxima algo al &lt;em&gt;bento&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.definiciones-de.com/Definicion/de/merienda.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definiciones-de-com&lt;/a&gt; incluyen también en &quot;merienda&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Comida fría que se lleva para irse de excursión o de viaje. Ejemplo: llevarse la merienda en el tren. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T11:52:01.483" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T11:52:01.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18385" CreationDate="2016-10-16T11:49:14.087" Score="4" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando una traducción para &lt;em&gt;&quot;bentoo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; encontré en el DRAE que la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P0c4pKa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;merienda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene una acepción totalmente desconocida para mi y para la que no encuentro una conexión razonable:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Joroba, corcova, giba.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea de cómo adquirió ese significado? ¿Se utiliza habitualmente? ¿Hay diferencias regionales de uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T07:04:14.033" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;merienda&quot; el significado de &quot;joroba&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18345" CreationDate="2016-10-16T12:27:02.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba se usa &quot;hacer los mandados&quot; como &quot;hacer las compras&quot; (normalmente de comida, productos agrícolas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción de pene se usa coloquialmente aunque no muy frecuentemente: &lt;em&gt;Me saqué mi mandado al aire. Le enseñé mi paquete&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Sin embargo no es la primera palabra que yo asociaría con pene (sin contexto alguno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: yo, nacido y crecido en aquel país. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13953" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T17:02:51.827" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T17:02:51.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-16T14:11:12.337" Score="6" ViewCount="1202" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BXESa9T&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado con sorpresa que &lt;strong&gt;cucaracha martín&lt;/strong&gt; es   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. Mujer morena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente aparece en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cucaracha&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cucaracha martín: Mujer de piel morena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y buscando he encontrado que aparece recogido en 1611 por &lt;a href=&quot;http://(https://books.google.es/books?id=YsRKAAAAcAAJ)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la muger que es morena suelen dezir cucaracha martin, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y Fernando Iwasaki, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?isbn=8415370822&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La caja de pan duro&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2013) repite la definición de Covarrubias, añadiendo que es un requiebro o piropo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La asociación &quot;cucaracha&quot; con &quot;morena&quot; o &quot;de piel morena&quot; no parece plantear dificultades, ya que muchas cucarachas son de color obscuro, pero lo que no entiendo es de dónde procede lo de &lt;strong&gt;martín&lt;/strong&gt; y por qué el conjunto &quot;&lt;em&gt;cucaracha martín&lt;/em&gt;&quot; se aplicaba a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T13:10:01.697" Title="¿Por qué se llamaba &quot;cucaracha martín&quot; a una mujer morena?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-10-16T15:33:20.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is oddly put. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it’s going to use a subjective inflection, it should probably be &lt;em&gt;¡Juntémonos!&lt;/em&gt; as a first-person imperative for a reflexive verb. That would mean ”Let’s get together!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then there’s the question mark, which makes it not an imperative at all and which leads to an indicative as you would expect in a question. So that should run along the lines of &lt;em&gt;¿Nos juntamos mañana?&lt;/em&gt;  You don’t use subjunctive for questions like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;em&gt;¿Nos vamos?&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¿Nos vemos?&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;¡Vámonos!&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¡Veámonos!&lt;/em&gt; to see what I mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T22:00:23.500" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T22:00:23.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18089" CreationDate="2016-10-16T19:22:00.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como mi idioma nativo es el español y no el inglés, debería centrarme en la diferencia entre agrio y ácido, que por otra parte es lo que creo que está creando la confusión en este caso, sin embargo me gustaría decir primero que cuando yo estudié inglés hace mucho, mucho tiempo, me enseñaron que bitter se traducía como amargo y sour como ácido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho lo cual, sigo creyendo que la causa de la duda en particular es precisamente la palabra &lt;em&gt;agrio&lt;/em&gt;. Creo que es bastante fácil diferenciar entre los sabores amargos y los ácidos: amarga es la mostaza, el limón es ácido. No creo que haya controversia alguna a este respecto.&#xA;Entonces veamos lo que dice la RAE(por favor, no uses el traductor de google ¬¬, y coge con pinzas todo lo que leas en wikipedia) de la palabra agrio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1A9DuNy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;agrio, gria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del ant. agro2, con infl. de agriar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que actuando sobre el gusto o el olfato produce sensación de acidez. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Que se ha agriado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Difícilmente accesible; pendiente o abrupto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. adj. Acre, áspero, desabrido. Genio agrio. Respuesta agria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. adj. Dicho de un castigo o de un sufrimiento: Difícilmente tolerable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. adj. Dicho de un metal: Frágil, quebradizo, no dúctil ni maleable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. adj. Pint. Dicho del colorido: Falto de armonía o consonancia, o de la necesaria entonación. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. m. p. us. Zumo ácido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  9. m. pl. Frutas agrias o agridulces, como el limón, la naranja y otras semejantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de resaltar las definiciones número uno y ocho, me gustaría complementar la etimología de dicha palabra con un texto que aparece en una &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;página&lt;/a&gt; que, por experiencia propia, es muy adecuada para este tipo de consultas y siempre acertada: &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?agrio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?agrio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De estas dos referencias(en la cita del DRAE también se incluye una pequeña etimología que concuerda con la de la otra página) se concluye sin mucho esfuerzo que las dos palabras tienen la misma raíz etimológica, y que en particular la palabra &lt;em&gt;agrio&lt;/em&gt; se usa como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;ácido&lt;/em&gt;, que es la palabra más usada comúnmente(al menos en mi zona, y creo que en toda la península) para definir el sabor del que hablamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vamos, que es tan simple como una cuestión de sinónimos, aunque esta vez con la misma raíz etimológica, que no se ve tanto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la diferencia entre una persona &quot;amarga&quot; y una &quot;ácida&quot;: primero, para definir a una persona yo nunca he visto usar la palabra &quot;amarga&quot; directamente(exceptuando licencias poéticas que ya sabemos que en el español son millones), sino &lt;em&gt;amargada&lt;/em&gt;, refiriéndose más bien a algo así como un estado de tristeza sempiterno; segundo, el que una persona sea &quot;ácida&quot; se suele referir a que hace comentarios algo hirientes pero sin salirse de tono, llegando al quid de la cuestión rápidamente y sin exagerar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son palabras que se usen para lo mismo cuando se refieren a personas, aunque a este respecto no sabría decir para qué se usaría &lt;em&gt;agrio&lt;/em&gt;... ¿para una persona &lt;em&gt;amargada&lt;/em&gt; o para una persona &lt;em&gt;ácida&lt;/em&gt;? Si lees la acepción número 4 que da la RAE de agrio: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acre, áspero, desabrido. Genio agrio. Respuesta agria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco es que lo aclare mucho, y es que &lt;em&gt;agrio&lt;/em&gt;, si bien se usa, personalmente siempre me ha dado la impresión de ser menos exacto, más general, no un sabor sino una mezcla de sabores o un matiz como ya dijeron otros. Aún estando claro que es sinónimo de ácido, y por tanto se refiere al mismo sabor, a mí siempre me ha dado esa otra impresión, que es solo eso, una impresión personal, pero creo que bastante acertada si se observa el contexto en que se suele usar la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T22:31:10.707" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T22:31:10.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1960" CreationDate="2016-10-16T20:49:54.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rezar&lt;/em&gt; is to repeat a prayer that was written by somebody else. Usually used by Catholics and &lt;em&gt;Orar&lt;/em&gt; is to talk to God from your heart, mind and soul.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13959" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T13:37:54.153" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T13:37:54.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2016-10-17T04:04:11.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;These words are synonyms. The same meaning with just a subtle difference for salario is a more formal than sueldo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T04:04:11.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18387" CreationDate="2016-10-17T05:02:27.463" Score="1" ViewCount="2668" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me acuerdo de que, cuando era niño, vi el programa de niños &lt;em&gt;Muppets&lt;/em&gt; (en inglés se titula &lt;em&gt;Muppet Babies&lt;/em&gt;), donde salía la rana René exclamando a cada rato &quot;¡caracoles!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, viéndolo otra vez en el inglés original, ví que era la traducción de algo como &lt;em&gt;&quot;sheesh!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  Nunca he conocido a un hispanohablante que dijera &quot;¡caracoles!&quot; con ese significado.  ¿Pertenece esta exclamacion a alguna region hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T19:25:23.113" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T19:25:23.113" Title="¿Dónde se usa la exclamación &quot;¡caracoles!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18376" CreationDate="2016-10-17T07:04:14.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo único que encontré que podría estar relacionado señala que en Salamanca, España, el jueves en que comienza el carnaval es conocido como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jueves_Lardero#Provincia_de_Salamanca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jueves Merendero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. En ese día se solía ir a merendar al campo y los niños hacían la &lt;em&gt;corcova&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;corcoba&lt;/em&gt;, que consistía en salir a pedir alimentos o dinero para preparar dicha merienda. Algunas referencias al respecto pueden hallarse en &lt;a href=&quot;http://escuernavacas.blogspot.com.ar/2011/03/jueves-merendero-la-corcova.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el blog del pueblo salmantino de Escuernavacas&lt;/a&gt;, un artículo de la &lt;em&gt;Revista de Folklore&lt;/em&gt; titulado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.funjdiaz.net/folklore/07ficha.php?ID=360&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Notas costumbristas sobre alimentación y gastronomía tradicionales en la provincia de Salamanca&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manuelmateos.info/menu/libros/diccionario_charro.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de términos lígrimos salmantinos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que dice que la corcoba era el  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Día en el cual los mozos iban a los caminos a pedir una contribución a&#xA;  los viajeros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin mayor especificación.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser correcta esta interpretación, el nexo saldría entre la &lt;em&gt;corcoba&lt;/em&gt; (que es sinónimo de joroba) y la &lt;em&gt;merienda&lt;/em&gt; para la cual se hacía. Lo que no me termina de cerrar es que parece ser un término excesivamente regional, limitado a Salamanca. Y también, supongo, cabe la posibilidad de que la relación fuera al revés.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.derrama.org.pe/como-se-celebraban-los-cumpleanos-en-la-lima-de-antano/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chile y Perú se llama también &quot;joroba&quot; y &quot;corcoba&quot; a los dos días siguientes al cumpleaños&lt;/a&gt;, en los que es de suponer que se consumirían toda clase de meriendas, pero tampoco puedo estar seguro de que haya relación. De todos modos, no deja de ser interesante que el único uso literario que encontré del término aparece en la obra de un poeta del Perú colonial, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=5XY_Lej48OwC&amp;amp;pg=PA249#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=merienda&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Juan del Valle y Caviedes&lt;/a&gt; (un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=MA4DuUaR3IQC&amp;amp;pg=PA267#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt; indica que, en efecto, &quot;merienda&quot; se usa en el sentido de &quot;joroba&quot;):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su corcova revejida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la sustenta con la tienda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si para pasar la vida,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  uno pone la merienda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y otro pone la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T07:04:14.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16395" CreationDate="2016-10-17T07:51:26.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;He sabido que la diferencia entre balón y pelota, es que una (el balon) tiene contacto directo con un segmento del deportista (ejemplos: fútbol, voley, baloncesto, rugby, etc.). En cambio, en la otra (la pelota) hay un objeto entre ella y el segmento del cuerpo para poder golpearla (ejemplos: golf, la raqueta en el tenis o en el tenis de mesa, el bate en béisbol).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13962" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T07:55:00.590" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T07:55:00.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18384" CreationDate="2016-10-17T08:07:52.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Caracoles es una interjección que el DRAE recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7ONGehG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caracoles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. caramba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el enlace, llegamos a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7PSW6o2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caramba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interjección eufemística usada para expresar extrañeza o enfado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que sí, &lt;em&gt;¡caracoles!&lt;/em&gt; es una expresión conocida y usada para expresar sorpresa o enfado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no especifica ninguna región en particular, por lo que podemos asumir que se usa por todo el ámbito del castellano. En España no es nada extraña, si bien nunca oí a nadie usándola: se usa en dibujos animados y, especialmente, libros para niños.&#xA;Sería interesante saber si en otras regiones se usa también solo en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caracoles&lt;/em&gt; is indeed an interjection that DRAE recognises:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7ONGehG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caracoles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. caramba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7PSW6o2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caramba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interjección eufemística usada para expresar extrañeza o enfado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, &lt;em&gt;¡caracoles!&lt;/em&gt; is a rather childish but known way to express surprise or annoyance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, DRAE does not specify any region in particular, so we can assume it is known everywhere. In Spain it is well known, even though I have never seen anybody using it: it is used, instead, in books or cartoons for kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T09:37:13.703" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T09:37:13.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T08:44:29.443" Score="2" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what the difference is between the Spanish words &quot;rumbo&quot; and &quot;dirección.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference in each one's usage? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13964" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T08:51:59.380" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T07:00:47.393" Title="Usage of rumbo vs dirección" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18390" CreationDate="2016-10-17T08:50:28.467" Score="1" ViewCount="2402" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2016/10/16/actualidad/1476635015_239768.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Marc Márquez: “No sabía lo que era la presión hasta este año”&lt;/a&gt; en la que un piloto de motocicletas narra cómo ganó la carrera (y, por ende, el Mundial) cuando esta parte captó mi atención:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda caída, la de Lorenzo, que le convertía en campeón, le hizo volverse loco. &amp;quot;Metí tercera en curvas donde debía ir en segunda, cuarta donde debía ir en quinta… Y al final tuve que espabilar, &lt;strong&gt;que ¡Dovizioso estaba acercándose!&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, la parte de &lt;em&gt;Dovizioso estaba acercándose&lt;/em&gt; está marcada entre signos de exclamación. Esquemáticamente, está diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hice X, que ¡estaba pasando Y!&#xA;            ^&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo intuitivamente habría incluido &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en la exclamación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hice X, ¡que estaba pasando Y!&#xA;        ^&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hice un poco de introspección y vi que no tenía argumento que sustentara mi hipótesis, por lo que le pregunté al Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, que en el artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=exclamaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exclamación&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Los signos de apertura (¿ ¡) se han de colocar justo donde empieza la pregunta o la exclamación, aunque no se corresponda con el inicio del enunciado; en ese caso, la interrogación o la exclamación se inician con minúscula (→ mayúsculas, 3.4.2b):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por lo demás, ¿qué aspecto tenía tu hermano?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si encuentras trabajo, ¡qué celebración vamos a hacer!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me hace pensar que mi idea es buena, pero no me lo confirma. ¿Cuál es el criterio pues para estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T07:17:53.333" Title="¿Qué parte de una frase se pone entre signos de exclamación?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18389" CreationDate="2016-10-17T09:11:31.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El criterio es precisamente ese: colocar los signos de exclamación donde quieres que empiece la misma. El ejemplo que has puesto no es más que una forma un tanto inusual de decir lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al final tuve que espabilar, porque... ¡Dovizioso estaba acercándose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, también puedes exclamarlo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al final tuve que espabilar, que Dovizioso ¡estaba acercándose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al final tuve que espabilar, porque Dovizioso... ¡estaba acercándose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si me apuras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al final tuve que espabilar, que Dovizioso estaba ¡acercándose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al final tuve que espabilar, porque Dovizioso estaba... ¡acercándose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquiera de los ejemplos es perfectamente válido, todo depende de dónde quiere el escritor que se comience la inflexión de la exclamación al pronunciar (o de reflejar dónde comenzó la inflexión la persona que está citando). Es la ventaja de disponer de un signo de apertura de exclamación: te da más poder y flexibilidad en la narrativa para reflejar cuál es la parte sorprendente de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T09:31:35.463" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T09:31:35.463" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18388" CreationDate="2016-10-17T10:20:26.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Rumbo&quot; is, generally speaking, is the direction you take to get to a certain place. There may be variation based on the context, but the common use (at least here in Argentina) is that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Rumbo&quot; es, en términos generales, la dirección que tomás para llegar a un determinado lugar. Puede que haya variaciones basadas en el contexto, pero el uso común de la palabra es ese (al menos acá en Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13965" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T11:11:32.293" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:11:32.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18371" CreationDate="2016-10-17T10:25:50.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will be better if you use expressions like &quot;está lloviendo a cántaros&quot;, or &quot;está diluviando&quot;, since those are more common expressions than &quot;llover a más y mejor&quot; or &quot;caer chuzos de punta&quot; or &quot;llueve a mares&quot;. In fact, if you say something like that in Argentina, you will look like a crazy dude, and with the &quot;chuzo&quot; expression... well, the word doesn't even exist here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, stay with &quot;lloviendo a cántaros&quot; or &quot;está diluviando&quot; (or simply &quot;está lloviendo mucho&quot;). It's far more neutral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13966" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T11:01:25.343" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:01:25.343" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18361" CreationDate="2016-10-17T10:33:55.473" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never heard it before... but &quot;teta&quot; is &quot;boob&quot;. You like boobs, right? But it must be an expression from a certain area. A more neutral expression will be &quot;la pasamos genial&quot;, o &quot;la pasamos increìblemente bien&quot;. In some other places (like here, Arg) you could say &quot;la pasamos bomba&quot; -as someone pointed-, and if you ask why bombs are funny... well, they surely are not, but it means that some event was &quot;explosive&quot; in terms of how funny it was, or how uncontrolled in terms of drugs/sex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13966" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T10:33:55.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18388" CreationDate="2016-10-17T11:19:29.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you say otherwise, I'm assuming both words in the sense of &quot;path being followed&quot; as in physics. In that sense, we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WpTIVks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rumbo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Dirección&lt;/strong&gt; considerada o trazada en el plano del horizonte, y principalmente cualquiera de las comprendidas en la rosa náutica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DqohmoE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dirección&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Camino o &lt;strong&gt;rumbo&lt;/strong&gt; que un cuerpo sigue en su movimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is quite funny to note that both words use each other in their definitions. So both words can be considered synonyms. There are some minor details nonetheless:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Rumbo&quot; is more used in literary and nautical contexts, while &quot;dirección&quot; is more used in mathematical and physics contexts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Rumbo&quot; can be seen as a direction in 2D (from the definition: traced along the horizon surface), while &quot;dirección&quot; is any path in 3D (including the paths considered as &quot;rumbo&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:19:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1778" CreationDate="2016-10-17T14:25:18.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adhiero a que traducir &lt;em&gt;throughput&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;tasa de rendimiento&lt;/strong&gt; parecería lo más correcto, o &lt;strong&gt;productividad&lt;/strong&gt; o quizá &lt;strong&gt;desempeño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante diferenciar en castellano, como se diferencian en inglés &lt;em&gt;throughput&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;performance&lt;/em&gt;. Si se traducen ambas como &quot;rendimiento&quot; se pierde esa diferenciación. En ese caso, ni &quot;capacidad&quot; ni &quot;función de transferencia&quot; reflejan realmente la diferencia, aunque esto sería un debate para otra pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13968" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T13:29:37.777" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T13:29:37.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T16:17:13.213" Score="2" ViewCount="2878" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8FSfgZn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Céntimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. adj. centésimo (‖ que es una de las cien partes de un todo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. m. En algunos países, moneda, acuñada o no, que vale la centésima parte de la unidad monetaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8ENeMRj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Centavo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. adj. centésimo (‖ que es una de las cien partes de un todo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. m. En algunos países, moneda que vale la centésima parte de la unidad monetaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo las definiciones iguales, ¿por qué en unos países se utiliza &quot;centavo&quot; y en otros &quot;céntimo&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T18:32:07.647" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T11:32:26.367" Title="¿Por qué se usa en unos sitios &quot;centavo&quot; y en otros &quot;céntimo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T16:23:42.363" Score="3" ViewCount="3649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &amp;quot;cigar&amp;quot; into Spanish. There are three translations for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cigarrillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cigarro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;puro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: Spanish people told me that &lt;em&gt;cigarillo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cigarro&lt;/em&gt; are the same. And that &lt;em&gt;puro&lt;/em&gt; is a different product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:37:08.920" Title="What is the difference between &quot;cigarrillo&quot;, &quot;cigarro&quot; and &quot;puro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18397" CreationDate="2016-10-17T17:04:55.350" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9CBLSi4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cigarro&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Rollo de hojas de tabaco, que se enciende por un extremo y se chupa o fuma por el opuesto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UisSmCT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Puro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cigarro hecho de hojas de tabaco enrolladas y liado sin papel.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translation of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cigar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be cigarro = puro = cigarro puro (less used), whilst &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9C7p3Gg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cigarrillo&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cigarro pequeño de picadura envuelta en un papel de fumar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be &quot;cigarette&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though these are the formal definitions.  Informally, people often use &quot;cigarro&quot; for &quot;cigarrillo&quot;, as &quot;cigarrillo&quot; can sound corny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T17:15:03.360" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T17:15:03.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T17:57:30.727" Score="9" ViewCount="1478" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loophole&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loophole&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is &quot;an ambiguity or inadequacy in a system, such as a law or security, which can be used to circumvent or otherwise avoid the intent, implied or explicitly stated, of the system.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the translations that I have found so far seem to be complete, as they mostly deal with &lt;strong&gt;legal&lt;/strong&gt; loopholes:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/loophole&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;escapatoria, pretexto  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=loophole&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tecnicismo, agujero, fisura, resquicio (law)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=loophole&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;escapatoria; (in law) laguna, resquicio legal  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/loophole&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;escapatoria, pretexto  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/translate/english-spanish/loophole&quot;&gt;Oxford&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a legal loophole, a loophole in the law — una laguna jurídica / legal / en la ley — que se presta a trampas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be a better translation, specially in relation to non-legal fields?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T23:30:01.583" Title="What would be a good translation of &quot;loophole&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18396" CreationDate="2016-10-17T19:23:02.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que el uso de uno u otro depende de la moneda, más que del país. Lo he encontrado buscando por la tercera forma &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent%C3%A9simo_(fracci%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Centésimo&lt;/a&gt;. Aunque tiene que haber influencia del idioma porque la fracción del Euro es &lt;strong&gt;cent&lt;/strong&gt; (centavo, como el dólar), pero en España usamos &quot;céntimo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo pasa en otras regiones latinoamericanas, donde parece predominar &lt;em&gt;centavos&lt;/em&gt;. Tal vez por influencia (¿cultural, política, económica?) de Norteamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T07:24:22.373" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T07:24:22.373" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18397" CreationDate="2016-10-17T19:48:18.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to be less academic because I think that this question is worth to be answered with images:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain (actually):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/byfFGm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/byfFGm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Puro&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cigarro - Cigarrillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1mVNqm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1mVNqm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Cigarrillo - Cigarro&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T16:37:08.920" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:37:08.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18333" CreationDate="2016-10-17T22:19:44.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, la palabra más adecuada, al menos en España, sería una de las que propone Carlos Alejo en su pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;fiambrera&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta palabra, por metonimia, ha pasado a denominar también el contenido de la misma. Es decir: la comida que se lleva dentro preparada para comer en el trabajo, una excursión o lo que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, una persona puede decir que se va &lt;em&gt;a preparar la fiambrera&lt;/em&gt;, o que en el trabajo &lt;em&gt;come de fiambrera&lt;/em&gt;. En ambos casos se refiere más bien al contenido del recipiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la actualidad es bastante habitual oír las palabras &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/t%C3%BAper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;túper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/t%C3%A1per&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;táper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimos de fiambrera. Estas palabras proceden de la marca comercial &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tupperware.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tupperware&lt;/a&gt;, que fabrica recipientes de este tipo. No es raro que se incorporen al idioma palabras derivadas de marcas comerciales; algunos ejemplos que llevan más tiempo recogidos en el diccionario de la RAE son &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/r%C3%ADmel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rímel&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/celo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;celo&lt;/a&gt;. En cualquier caso, si una persona dice que se va &lt;em&gt;a hacer el túper para mañana&lt;/em&gt;, se refiere a que va a preparar la comida que luego meterá en su fiambrera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2020-11-26T10:51:17.357" LastActivityDate="2020-11-26T10:51:17.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18418" CreationDate="2016-10-18T05:58:11.960" Score="4" ViewCount="2394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen both &quot;acabar&quot; and &quot;terminar&quot; used to mean &quot;to finish&quot; and &quot;to end&quot;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Cuando acabe el café, haga mas.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;When you finish the coffee, make more&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La musica acabó y me senté en silencio por un momento.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;The music ended and I sat in silence for a moment.&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La película terminó a las nueve.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;The movie ended at 9.&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Terminamos el proyecto, y empezamos otro.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;We finished the project and started another.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the two words totally interchangable for &quot;to finish / to end&quot;, or are there certain situations where it is better to use one than the other? Is one of them more common in everyday speech?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T06:58:46.440" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:29:12.580" Title="¿Cuándo uso &quot;acabar&quot; vs. &quot;terminar&quot;? / When do I use &quot;acabar&quot; vs. &quot;terminar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-10-18T08:10:28.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, a good translation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=64kKZNl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;brecha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. brèche, y este del franco breka 'roto'; cf. a. al. ant.&#xA;  brëhhan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Resquicio por donde algo empieza a perder su seguridad. &lt;em&gt;Hacer brecha en algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition is not as accurate as the English one, but I think it addresses the same concern. In fact, the term can be used both as &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/?gws_rd=ssl#q=brecha%20legal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;brecha legal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/?gws_rd=ssl#q=brecha%20de%20seguridad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;brecha de seguridad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;brecha en el sistema&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T08:10:28.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18410" CreationDate="2016-10-18T09:12:05.217" Score="3" ViewCount="18384" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguro que lo habéis oído: alguien se enfada y suelta un...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mecachis&lt;/strong&gt; en la mar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como eufemismo de cosas bastante más explícitas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me cago en dios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE ya lo recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Oi1ySHX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mecachis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. eufem. coloq. U. para expresar extrañeza o contrariedad. &lt;em&gt;Mecachis, está lloviendo&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. en exprs. como mecachis en la mar con el mismo significado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mecachis en algo o alguien&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. expr. eufem. coloq. U. para expresar desprecio o rechazo hacia esa persona o esa cosa. &lt;em&gt;Mecachis en mi suerte&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en distintos foros hablan de su uso eufemístico. Sin embargo, no encuentro el origen de la palabra. ¿Alguien lo sabe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah, nótese que no sé vosotros pero yo ya uso &lt;em&gt;cachis&lt;/em&gt; a secas como interjección absoluta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Hoy no hay partida...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Cachis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T12:58:19.363" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T07:45:05.903" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;mecachis&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18409" CreationDate="2016-10-18T09:47:12.877" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desconozco el origen de la palabra (presente en el diccionario desde 1927 con el significado de &amp;quot;caramba&amp;quot;), pero puedo darte una suposición. Iba a escribir esto como comentario, pero creo que puede ser una explicación plausible. Desde 1884 existe en el diccionario de la RAE la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8tAplNy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz onomat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interj. U. para llamar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interj. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8ukFTxA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chitón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. U. acompañada con algún ademán, como el de poner el dedo índice en los labios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Chitón&amp;quot;, por supuesto, es una &amp;quot;interjección usada para imponer silencio&amp;quot;. Luego es muy probable que el origen sea sencillamente un diálogo de este tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Me ca...!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Chis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y simplemente a partir de ahí la expresión se abreviara en &amp;quot;mecachis&amp;quot;, ya que uno mismo se mandaba a callar al intentar decir la expresión. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/fichero-general&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE, si se busca &amp;quot;mechachis&amp;quot;, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MECACHIS/00000319.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ficha 13&lt;/a&gt; (PDF), registrada en 1924, parece confirmar mi teoría (al menos, la parte del &amp;quot;me ca...&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una de tantas voces hipocritonas, eufemismos con que se terminan voces mal comenzadas [...]. ¡Mecachis! nació de la locución &lt;em&gt;me ca...&lt;/em&gt; amputada antes de terminar puercamente, y trocado su final en &lt;em&gt;chis&lt;/em&gt;, dando origen a un vocablo sin sentido castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MECACHIS/00000322.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otra ficha&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) lo registra separado (&amp;quot;me cachis&amp;quot;). Otras fichas recogen expresiones como &amp;quot;mechachis en dies/diez&amp;quot;. Por último, existe otra palabra con la misma terminación, usada como interjección en Guatemala y que podría tener un origen similar: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYxaPfb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puchis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&amp;quot;usada para expresar sorpresa o susto&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como añadido, comentar que los primeros casos que encuentro son de 1870, en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Nótese la expresión escrita por separado y con &lt;em&gt;cachis&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Cielos! añadió la duquesa estremecida.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—¡Me &lt;em&gt;cachis&lt;/em&gt;! debió añadir Víctor Manuel aparte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gil Blas (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 13/1/1870, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003844918&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;search=mecachis%20%22me%20cachis%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página 1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es claro; ¿cómo habia de tener fondos el clero para hacer funciones de iglesia, si los necesitaba para hacer funciones de pólvora?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡&lt;em&gt;Me cachis&lt;/em&gt; en esos curas!...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Iberia (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 30/4/1870, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001313871&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=mecachis&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página 4&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-08-25T07:45:05.903" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T07:45:05.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18396" CreationDate="2016-10-18T11:32:26.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque son sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;centesimus&lt;/em&gt; nos llega &lt;code&gt;centésimo&lt;/code&gt; y, a través del francés &lt;em&gt;centime&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;céntimo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;code&gt;ciento&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4adXPPv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;avo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se forma &lt;code&gt;centavo&lt;/code&gt;, de acuerdo con la manera regular de formar números fraccionarios (número cardinal + &lt;code&gt;avo&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día, &lt;code&gt;céntimo&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;centavo&lt;/code&gt; en general ya no se usan como fracciones. De todas maneras, a la hora de elegir una denominación para la centésima parte de la moneda, da lo mismo cualquiera de las tres, porque todas tienen el mismo significado (1/100 de la unidad monetaria).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T11:32:26.367" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18414" CreationDate="2016-10-18T12:51:12.950" Score="4" ViewCount="4582" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying to translate some dialogues, and one of the characters use the expression &quot;Bullshit!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: You're no brother of mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: It saddens me to hear you say that — said in a sarcastic tone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Bullshit!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it means &quot;Mentira&quot; in said context, but I think &lt;em&gt;bullshit&lt;/em&gt; is a harsher word, so i don't think &lt;em&gt;mentira&lt;/em&gt; would be a proper translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13981" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T13:09:27.890" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T21:15:30.227" Title="What would be a proper translation for &quot;Bullshit&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18413" CreationDate="2016-10-18T13:15:42.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain, and we have a plethora of expressions for that purpose (some of them even present in the DRAE), just say &quot;y un/una X&quot; where X is the word of your choice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BakkB8M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;¡Y un cuerno!&lt;/a&gt; (DRAE: &quot;Usada para denotar negación o rechazo.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Y una leche!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Y un peo de vaca!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think that the expression that fits the most the original is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Y una mierda!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the X word, the resulting expression will be more or less rude. The first set of expressions does not sound rude, they are just harsh. The selected option is both rude and harsh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at an example present in a book of the Spanish author Carlos Ruiz Zafón (&lt;em&gt;La sombra del viento&lt;/em&gt;, 2001):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ustedes perdonen, que dicen esas señoras de ahí que si pueden utilizar un lenguaje más decoroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Y una mierda -replicó Fermín, en voz alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example from &lt;em&gt;Sólo para parejas. Comedia dividida en dos partes&lt;/em&gt;, 1993, from the Spanish writer Juan José Alonso Millán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abul: Mire que cosa más rica, se parece a usted, Kimera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kimera: No diga tonterías, se parece al Loro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Loro: ¡Y una mierda...!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T14:13:32.597" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T14:13:32.597" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18413" CreationDate="2016-10-18T14:08:26.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you may expect an informal and rude expression like &quot;Bullshit&quot; will have different regional translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the target audience of your translation you would like to soften the language and use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RcSUMD9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pamplinas&lt;/a&gt;, Mentiras, Tonterías, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SCzkxB0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pavadas&lt;/a&gt;, ...&quot; that are &lt;em&gt;generally&lt;/em&gt; understood and very commonly used in movie dubbing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly in Colombia we use the expression &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Estas hablando carreta/paja/mierda&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or the simple interjections &lt;strong&gt;¡carreta! / ¡paja! / ¡mierda!&lt;/strong&gt; in order of rudeness. The first is almost polite, the second is more informal and the last is simply rude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to user contributions to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Hablar%20mierda.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Así hablamos&lt;/a&gt;, the expression &lt;em&gt;hablar mierda&lt;/em&gt; is also used in Guatemala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to Santiago Tórtora's and Rafael's comments and after a short internet search we could add that in Argentina they used &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hablar boludeces&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and in Chile they used &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hablar huevadas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; with the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T20:24:46.043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T20:24:46.043" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18413" CreationDate="2016-10-18T15:32:16.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, it could be translated as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es?id=JBqoD43&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gilipolleces&lt;/a&gt; in the same rude tone as the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of use in media:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alternativenation.net/guns-n-roses-izzy-stradlin-out-axl-rose-on-his-bullshit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bullshit. They didn’t want to split the loot equally.&lt;/a&gt; /&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.themetalcircus.com/noticias/izzy-stradlin-califica-como-gilipolleces-las-explicaciones-de-axl-rose-de-por-que-el-no-esta-en-la-gira-de-reunion-de-guns-n-roses/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gilipolleces. Ellos no querían dividir el botín a partes iguales.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ennaharonline.com/en/sports/11509.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Now you stop your bullshit!&lt;/a&gt; /&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://okdiario.com/deportes/futbol/2016/03/24/hollande-abronca-a-sus-ministros-por-benzema-dejaos-de-gilipolleces-95361&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dejaos de gilipolleces&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13984" LastEditorUserId="13984" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T15:45:16.493" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T15:45:16.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18407" CreationDate="2016-10-18T15:52:51.003" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe some sentences sound better with one or another verb, varying with the region, but the two verbs are quite common in speech and writing. You can use any of the two in almost any situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's see some of the meanings of both words, according to the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0FQ0uWG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acabar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;cabo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner o dar fin a algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Apurar, consumir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner mucho esmero en la conclusión de una obra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. matar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Rematar, terminar, finalizar. &lt;em&gt;La espada acaba en punta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Poner fin, destruir, exterminar, aniquilar. &lt;em&gt;Los disgustos acabaron CON Pedro. Tú acabarás CON mi vida.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Haber ocurrido poco antes algo. &lt;em&gt;Acaba DE perder su caudal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. No lograr algo. U. con neg. &lt;em&gt;No acaba DE licenciarse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have excluded the regionalisms and unused meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZYwREwl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;terminar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;termināre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner término a algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. acabar (‖ poner esmero en la conclusión de una obra).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: cesar (‖ interrumpirse o acabarse). U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Aniquilar o destruir enteramente algo o alguien. &lt;em&gt;Hay que terminar CON la injusticia y CON los explotadores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Poner fin a las relaciones, especialmente amorosas, que se mantienen con otra persona. &lt;em&gt;Ha terminado CON su novio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's see your examples. In all of them you can use any of the two verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando se acabe/termine el café, haga mas.&lt;/strong&gt; (1st of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, 3rd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La música acabó/terminó y me senté en silencio por un momento.&lt;/strong&gt; (1st of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, 3rd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La película acabó/terminó a las nueve.&lt;/strong&gt; (1st of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, 3rd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acabamos/terminamos el proyecto, y empezamos otro.&lt;/strong&gt; (3rd of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, 2nd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's match meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; is the same as &lt;em&gt;1st&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;. Seen in previous examples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3rd of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; is references in 2nd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;. Seen in previous examples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3rd of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; uses the verb &lt;em&gt;acabarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4th of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; can be expressed with the 4th of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;. Example: &lt;em&gt;¡Acaba/termina con él!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5th of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; uses the verb &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;6th of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; is the same as 4th of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;8th of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; can be expressed with the 1st of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;. Example: &lt;em&gt;No termina de licenciarse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have the 7th meaning of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;, which cannot be expressed with &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;termina de perder su caudal&lt;/em&gt; does not make sense. And the 5th meaning of &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; cannot be expressed with &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;; as Gorpik said, if you say &lt;em&gt;Pedro acabó con su novia&lt;/em&gt;, Pedro is sure to be on the news the next day (4th or 6th meanings of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;), but you could say &lt;em&gt;Pedro acabó con la relación que mantenía con su novia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="13779" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T06:29:12.580" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:29:12.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18413" CreationDate="2016-10-18T19:16:09.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We say (in Mexico) the same with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No digas pendejadas&quot;. Stop bullshitting me. Or,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me estás echando el rollo, verdad guey&quot;. You are bullshitting me, right asshole?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13989" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T19:48:09.640" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T19:48:09.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19457" CreationDate="2016-10-19T10:56:29.980" Score="5" ViewCount="198956" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy viendo la serie &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Narcos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, orientada en la vida del narcotraficante colombiano Pablo Escobar (con un &lt;a href=&quot;https://movies.stackexchange.com/a/62016/4078&quot;&gt;acento no muy bueno&lt;/a&gt;, por cierto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un momento dado, se enfada muchísimo y se pone a insultar por teléfono:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hijueputa &lt;strong&gt;gonorrea&lt;/strong&gt;, voy a matar a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de &lt;em&gt;hijueputa&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;hijo de puta&lt;/em&gt; ya lo conocía. Lo que no recordaba es el uso de &lt;em&gt;gonorrea&lt;/em&gt; en forma de insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos atenemos a la RAE, tenemos la definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JL8Nwds&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gonorrea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. mediev. gonorrhoea, y este del gr. γονόρροια gonórroia 'flujo seminal'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Med. Enfermedad contagiosa de origen bacteriano, que se transmite por vía sexual y se caracteriza por un flujo purulento de la vagina o de la uretra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, una enfermedad bastante dolorosa. ¿Será que la enfermedad estuvo muy extendida en su momento y que la frase completa sería &lt;em&gt;ojalá pilles gonorrea&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Qué tan común es su uso actualmente y en los años ochenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:12:23.973" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:12:23.973" Title="¿Por qué en Colombia se usa &quot;gonorrea&quot; como insulto?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T11:54:30.390" Score="2" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DPD, there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tampoco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;differences in the usage of &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; before and after the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When it goes before the verb, it is incorrect its usage followed by the adverb &quot;no&quot;, i.e. with the verb in negative form: &lt;strike&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Entonces tampoco no existía ninguna solicitud de mediación»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; (Semana [Col.] 21-28.1.97); it should be said &lt;em&gt;tampoco existía ninguna solicitud de mediación&lt;/em&gt;. Nonetheless, it is used with the verb in negative form when it goes after it: &lt;em&gt;Entonces no existía tampoco ninguna solicitud de mediación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that? &lt;strong&gt;If &quot;tampoco&quot; already has a negative connotation, why the need to duplicate the negation when it goes after the verb, but not when it goes before it? Is there any historical reason for that?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words (thanks to mdewey and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2716/12637&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;) that have the same issue: &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ninguno&lt;/em&gt;, the group &lt;em&gt;en la/mi/tu/su vida&lt;/em&gt; and the groups containing the word &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca iré a Japón / No iré nunca a Japón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la vida me casaré contigo / No me casaré contigo en la vida.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ni loco me monto ahí / No me montó ahí ni loco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T22:09:59.167" Title="Differences in the usage of &quot;nunca&quot;, &quot;tampoco&quot; and others before and after the verb" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18424" CreationDate="2016-10-19T12:58:49.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día la utilizan mucho, en especial las personas con baja formación educativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, gonorrea tiene varias connotaciones dependiendo del contexto. Una de ellas es de ofender al otro. En otros casos gonorrea se usa para decir que algo, algún evento o situación es extraordinario o fuera de lo común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej.: Huy! ese accidente de tránsito fue una gonorrea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13997" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T13:51:34.083" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T13:51:34.083" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18176" CreationDate="2016-10-19T13:00:37.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is no. Why? because the fact that is less common is not the same as being avoided. Instead, it only means that is used on a reduced set of situations and not always on every day speaking/writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think passive voice is as common in Spanish as it is in English. Perhaps your book recommends avoiding it because it is a more difficult construction for beginners, but I think it is as common and as useful as it is in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider these examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All delegates accepted the proposal = Todos los delegados aceptaron la propuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The proposal was accepted by all delegates = La propuesta fue aceptada por todos los delegados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people would say &quot;All delegates accepted the proposal&quot; and most TV news announcer would say &quot;The proposal was accepted by all the delegates&quot;. This applies for both English and Spanish. Don't you agree? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the more complex the construction the less common in everyday language and more common in educated or formal environments, but I still think this is true for both languages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether you use or not passive voice it all depends on how you want to sound in every situation... like a well educated person, like a TV announcer or street level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T13:05:33.950" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T13:05:33.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T13:06:38.960" Score="2" ViewCount="7691" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am translating &quot;pack of cigarettes&quot; and &quot;carton of cigarettes&quot; into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pack of cigarettes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IO5Y4m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IO5Y4m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;carton of cigarettes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aIumBm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aIumBm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I already have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pack of cigarettes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cajetilla de cigarrillos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cajita de cigarrillos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;carton of cigarettes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cartón de tabaco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;caja de cigarrillos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;paquete de cigarrillos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;paquete de tabaco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are more ways how to express one thing, what is the difference between them? Do some expressions means just the paper box and some other the paper box with prefferebly full amount of cigarettes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2020-01-16T20:18:00.460" LastActivityDate="2020-01-16T20:20:19.780" Title="&quot;Pack of cigarettes&quot; and &quot;carton of cigarettes&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18428" CreationDate="2016-10-19T13:15:58.280" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following applies at least in Spain, Colombia and Argentina (according to the comments). For a pack of cigarettes we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;site=imghp&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;biw=1175&amp;amp;bih=904&amp;amp;q=paquete%20de%20tabaco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paquete de tabaco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;site=imghp&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;biw=1175&amp;amp;bih=904&amp;amp;q=paquete%20de%20cigarrillos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paquete de cigarrillos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un paquete de [brand].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a carton of cigarettes we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;site=imghp&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;biw=1175&amp;amp;bih=904&amp;amp;q=carton%20de%20tabaco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cartón de tabaco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;site=imghp&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=hp&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=934&amp;amp;q=cart%C3%B3n%20de%20cigarrillos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cartón de cigarrillos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un cartón de [brand].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For no specific reason, &quot;un cartón de cigarrillos&quot; does not sound natural to me. I suppose it is because &quot;cartón&quot; implies a big amount and &quot;cigarrillos&quot; is a diminutive, and it is kind of a contradiction to have those two words together. But it is confirmed to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this expressions represent both the box/boxes and the content (the cigarettes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following with the comments, some countries use &lt;em&gt;cajetilla&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;paquete&lt;/em&gt; (Mexico, Chile), and Argentina seems to have some other options of their own: &lt;em&gt;atado&lt;/em&gt; (pack) and &lt;em&gt;box&lt;/em&gt; (cardboard packs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the differences between &lt;em&gt;cigarrillos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cigarros&lt;/em&gt;, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18397/what-is-the-difference-between-cigarrillo-cigarro-and-puro&quot;&gt;this other question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T13:36:04.237" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2016-10-19T14:50:49.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Queda inherente el sentido que se le quiere dar si decimos o escribimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ernesto cogió a Rebeca [Él la agarró]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ernesto se cogió a Rebeca [Él tuvo sexo con ella, no necesariamente correspondido]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ernesto cogió lo de Rebeca [Él tomó y se llevó lo que era de ella]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13999" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T16:31:19.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-10-19T15:36:07.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that there are not a word that I know as general as loophole, there are lots of words for differents circumstances and that's why you found so many different translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are forced to find a general word, the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; proposed by Carlos Alejo it's a good one but at least in Spain it's more commonly used to an &quot;already broken&quot; loophole, when someone already used that loophole... correct me if I'm wrong but &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;loophole&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; are referred to a probable weakness, more than an already broken part of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given all that, and again if forced to choose a general word, I'll use the direct translation of weakness: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;debilidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, or something that you could &quot;compound&quot; to specify the concrete context you are talking about, like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;punto débil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You could even use a more literal translation yet, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;agujero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, that is not uncommon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, honestly, if you could specify the context it will be much more easier to find the correct word, since(as you have seen by yourself) we use lots of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T15:41:44.377" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T15:41:44.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T16:06:25.547" Score="0" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado en el DRAE unas acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5yatllK%7C5yboas9%7C5yc2i2E%7C5ycMwec%7C5ycy6L2%7C5yg7rxF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que desconocía:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) (&lt;em&gt;de botar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. Pan. &lt;strong&gt;aventón&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ autoestop).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(3) (&lt;em&gt;Del ingl. ant. bāt.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. coloq. Guat., Hond. y Méx. &lt;strong&gt;prisión&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ cárcel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(4) (&lt;em&gt;Del germ. *bukko; cf. a. al. medio boc, a. al. ant. bukk, al. Bock.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. rur. coloq. Sor. &lt;strong&gt;cabrón&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ macho de la cabra).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(6) 1. m. Cuba. &lt;strong&gt;Hoja pequeña de tabaco, después del primer corte, usada para la picadura.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se utilizan en la vida normal (en las regiones correspondientes) o son acepciones que entraron en el diccionario en el pasado pero actualmente desusadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T14:24:31.390" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T14:41:10.447" Title="¿Se utilizan estas acepciones regionales de &quot;bote&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T16:36:13.683" Score="3" ViewCount="3819" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque creo que entiendo el significado, la forma en la que está construida la frase me resulta rara. El principio [&quot;No hay mal que ...] es una forma común en expresiones y refranes, pero tengo problemas con el final [&quot;que por bien no venga&quot;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para hacerla más fácilmente comprensible (y con una forma más habitual) tendría que convertirla en &quot;No hay ningún mal que no acabe por dar lugar a un bien&quot;, lo que supone un cambio en el orden de la parte final y deshacer elipsis (&lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;acabe&lt;/em&gt;) y cambiar el verbo &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; a una de sus acepciones (&lt;em&gt;dar lugar a&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo ello hace que me parezca una construcción rara en una expresión que por otro lado parece ser muy corriente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas que me planteo son:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es correcta la conversión que he hecho?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Esa construcción era habitual en su época? (Hay una obra de Ruiz de Alarcón con ese título, anterior a 1630 según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_hay_mal_que_por_bien_no_venga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, lo que hace suponer que es anterior a esa fecha?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Este tipo de construcción se utiliza en otras expresiones hoy día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T19:45:48.873" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T17:51:21.983" Title="Construcción de la expresión &quot;No hay mal que por bien no venga&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18434" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18443" CreationDate="2016-10-19T16:55:36.873" Score="3" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WnxwBK0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rufián&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá del it. ruffiano, y este der. del lat. rufus 'pelirrojo', 'rubio', por alus. a la costumbre de las meretrices romanas de adornarse con pelucas rubias.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Persona sin honor, perversa, despreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Hombre dedicado al tráfico de la prostitución.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es común utilizarla con esa segunda acepción (que yo hasta ahora desconocía)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es, entonces, un sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;proxeneta&lt;/strong&gt; y de &lt;strong&gt;chulo&lt;/strong&gt;, o hay algún matiz diferenciador?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T04:45:31.737" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:23:10.500" Title="Uso de &quot;rufián&quot; como &quot;hombre dedicado al tráfico de la prostitución&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-10-19T17:30:00.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguna_jur%C3%ADdica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;laguna jurídica&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré por primera vez en una traducción de Harry Potter y la Cámara Secreta (refiriéndose a que Arthur Weasley conservaba artefactos muggles en su casa pero no rompía la ley porque no los &lt;em&gt;usaba&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-06-02T23:30:01.583" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T23:30:01.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-10-19T17:40:43.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=legal%20loophole&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;technical tranlators&lt;/a&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;legal loophole&lt;/em&gt; is, with little doubt, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacío legal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;resquicio legal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, if you are refering to a state/national law, or a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacío (resquicio) reglamentario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; if it is about broader rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the non-legal, a &lt;em&gt;loophole&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=loophole%20-legal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;most often translated&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;laguna&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Sth] &lt;strong&gt;loophole&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ==&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Laguna de&lt;/strong&gt; [algo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options also chosen by translators are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;agujero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, in a figurative sense: a &lt;em&gt;security loophole&lt;/em&gt; may be &lt;em&gt;laguna de seguridad&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;brecha de seguridad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if &lt;em&gt;falla de seguridad&lt;/em&gt; is broader, the context will often do the rest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T17:40:43.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18425" CreationDate="2016-10-19T18:56:44.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That type of double negation is pretty common in Spanish and it just reinforce the negation, like saying &quot;I won't do that by any means&quot;. But I have to say that when you are writing or simply when you are at a formal environment is frowned upon, I wouldn't use it while spoken or writing a letter to a client, and will reduce it to one simple negation using something like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entonces&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;existía solicitud&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;alguna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;de mediación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the other examples using the first one possibility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;iré a Japón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;me casaré contigo&lt;/em&gt;(more formal) / &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la vida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;me casaré contigo&lt;/em&gt;(more informal but not so much, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en la vida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can be an informal expression in itself)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the history, I can not be too much precise, I simply don't have the knowledge, but notice that double negation was used in the &quot;castellano antiguo&quot;(old Castillian) in medieval age. You can see it in many books and it seems I have been able to find a reference online speaking about all this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=POZ99_RsesUC&amp;amp;pg=PA160&amp;amp;lpg=PA160&amp;amp;dq=historia+de+doble+negaci%C3%B3n+en+castellano&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=2dHafirId3&amp;amp;sig=EUnGcRVWiYOZSWbzG5prtxcDGcw&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwig9sP0vOfPAhUGOxQKHYJFAfsQ6AEIVTAJ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=historia%20de%20doble%20negaci%C3%B3n%20en%20castellano&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;double negation google books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though I don't know the referenced book nor the author, I've read books from that age in old castillian and they used double negations, so you can assure that it's at least older than the XVI century, and I can remember for sure that in the &quot;Cantar del mio Cid&quot; they used double negations too. That's about the XIII century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yeah, pretty old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=POZ99_RsesUC&amp;amp;pg=PA160&amp;amp;lpg=PA160&amp;amp;dq=historia+de+doble+negaci%C3%B3n+en+castellano&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=2dHafirId3&amp;amp;sig=EUnGcRVWiYOZSWbzG5prtxcDGcw&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwig9sP0vOfPAhUGOxQKHYJFAfsQ6AEIVTAJ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=historia%20de%20doble%20negaci%C3%B3n%20en%20castellano&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;About a poem from &quot;Cantar del mio Cid&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conbidar le ien de grado, mas &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ninguno non&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; osava:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el rey don Alfonsso tanto avie le grand saña.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antes de la noche en Burgos dél entró su carta,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con gran recabdo e fuertemientre seellada:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que a mio Cid Roy Díaz que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nadi nol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; diessen posada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I should translate that old Castillian to nowadays Spanish. I'll do it with the little I remember, so if someone feels like correcting it, go, and forget my poetry skills please ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le invitarían de buen grado, pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ninguno no&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; osaba:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tal era la saña que el rey don Alfonso le tenía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antes de caer la noche, a Burgos del rey llegó una carta,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a buen recaudo y bien cerrada:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que al mio Cid Roy Díaz &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nadie no&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; le diese posada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that those double negations are not used nowadays, and are not correct nowadays, but they're in my opinion a clear signal of how older and common are that type of &quot;constructions&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T22:09:59.167" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T22:09:59.167" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-10-19T19:16:17.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WDf3a1k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Resquicio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Abertura que hay entre el quicio y la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. Hendidura pequeña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Coyuntura u ocasión que se proporciona para un fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. m. Ven. resto (‖ parte que queda de un todo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5. m. coloq. Ven. huella (‖ rastro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Special attention to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Coyuntura u ocasión que se proporciona para un fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be used in legal fields as &lt;em&gt;resquicio legal&lt;/em&gt; as @Rafael pointed in his answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T06:27:03.470" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T06:27:03.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18433" CreationDate="2016-10-19T20:19:01.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si nos fijamos en este tipo de aforismos (&lt;em&gt;refranes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;proverbios&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;máximas&lt;/em&gt;,...) descubriremos que tienen cierta musicalidad. Tienen una estructura lírica. Más cercana al verso que a la prosa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay solemnidad en estas frases. Quizá para que el mensaje cale más hondo en las personas, para que perdure en la memoria colectiva y con ello, en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADrica_tradicional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lírica tradicional&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;encontraremos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Géneros&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  [...]&#xA;  Cantos didácticos: los &lt;strong&gt;refranes&lt;/strong&gt;, el &lt;strong&gt;proverbio&lt;/strong&gt;, el cuento de animales o fábula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si enlazamos con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proverbio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Proverbio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El proverbio (del latín &lt;em&gt;proverbium&lt;/em&gt;) es un tipo de paremia, un&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;enunciado sentencioso&lt;/strong&gt;. Otros &lt;strong&gt;enunciados sentenciosos&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  son: &lt;strong&gt;refrán&lt;/strong&gt;, adagio, máxima, sentencia, aforismo, frase&#xA;  proverbial, apotegma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su estructura suele ser pareada y recurren tanto a la prosa y verso&#xA;  como a figuras literarias (antítesis, elipsis o paralelismo) para&#xA;  facilitar su perpetuación oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, su estructura es intencionada. Importa el &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para entrar en profundidad en este tipo de estructuras podemos recurrir a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paremiolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paremiología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En referencia a tus preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta la conversión que he hecho?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, yo creo que es correcta, demasiado correcta. Pensemos en el contexto. Es una frase de consolación, la manera &quot;correcta&quot; quizá le haría perder fuerza al mensaje. Demasiado aséptica para alguien que necesita consuelo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Este tipo de construcción se utiliza en otras expresiones hoy día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hablamos en verso todo el día, pero sí hacemos uso de frases hechas y refranes. Para que un aforismo de este tipo llegue a nuestros días es necesario que perdure en la memoria colectiva. Esto solo es posible si se siguen usando y se transmiten.&#xA;Esto sucede frecuentemente en los nucleos familiares y es un método efectivo de transmitir ideas y conocimientos con pocas y sencillas palabras a los más pequeños (con menos vocabulario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expresiones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No por correr se llega antes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No por madrugar amanece antes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando una puerta se cierra otra se abre (o una ventana se abre)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Más vale pájaro en mano que ciento volando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y muchas otras aún se escuchan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anexo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando el &lt;em&gt;porqué&lt;/em&gt; de la lírica en los aforismos he encontrado textos que bien merecen la pena ser leidos (&lt;em&gt;los iré añadiendo de a poco&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poemas-del-alma.com/blog/especiales/el-lenguaje-de-los-aforismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El lenguaje de los aforismos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T17:51:21.983" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T17:51:21.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18441" CreationDate="2016-10-20T06:02:25.510" Score="30" ViewCount="7145" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; both mean &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; in English. I understand this and also understand when to use each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why, however, do these two verbs exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Portuguese is similar in this respect, is there a common Old Spanish or perhaps Latin root?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significan lo mismo en inglés: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que cada uno tiene sus normas de uso y que se usa en diferentes ámbitos. Sin embargo, ¿por qué existen los dos verbos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el portugués tiene la misma característica, ¿hay algún tipo de español antiguo común entre estas dos lenguas? ¿O puede que una raíz latina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-10-01T16:34:11.863" LastActivityDate="2020-10-01T16:34:11.863" Title="Etymologically, why do &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; exist? / Etimológicamente, ¿por qué existen &quot;ser&quot; y &quot;estar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18440" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:00:46.493" Score="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;Way back in the times of the Latin language, there were two different verbs, but not with the same meaning as today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sum, es, esse, fui&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, meaning &quot;to be&quot; (Spanish: &quot;ser&quot;, &quot;estar&quot;, &quot;haber&quot;). This was the main copulative verb in old Latin, i.e. it was used to connect two words or clauses.  It was used also as an auxiliary verb.  We use &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to have&quot;) as the auxiliary verb in modern Spanish. (Italian still uses the verb &lt;em&gt;essere&lt;/em&gt; as an auxiliary.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;stô, -âs, -âre, stetî, statum&lt;/strong&gt;, meaning &quot;to remain&quot; or &quot;to stand&quot; (Spanish: &quot;estar de pie&quot;). This is the tricky part. This verb (infinitive: &lt;em&gt;stâre&lt;/em&gt;) is the ancestor of the modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, and is a cognate of the English verbs &lt;em&gt;stay&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;stand&lt;/em&gt;. If you think about it, when you are standing, you are positioned in a given place at a given time.  That is precisely the main difference between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. The latter can be taken to mean the same as &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;at a given moment in time&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So these two verbs are the roots of today's &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. But the DLE says that &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;seer&lt;/em&gt;, so what verb is that? &lt;em&gt;Seer&lt;/em&gt; is an evolution of the Latin verb &lt;em&gt;sedere&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;to settle&quot; or &quot;to sit&quot; (Spanish: &quot;estar sentado&quot;), by the loss of the middle -d- (something not uncommon) and the final -e (as happened with every verb in the Iberian Romance languages). As Vulgar Latin evolved, the verb &lt;em&gt;seer&lt;/em&gt; merged with the old Latin verb &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt; (now &lt;em&gt;essere&lt;/em&gt;), and soon the verb &lt;em&gt;seer&lt;/em&gt; lost the meaning of &quot;being seated,&quot; just as the verb &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt; lost the meaning of &quot;being in a standing position.&quot; But both of them kept, respectively, the sense of being permanent (&quot;ser&quot;) and being transitory (&quot;estar&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, the &lt;em&gt;essere&lt;/em&gt; verb denoted &lt;em&gt;essence&lt;/em&gt;, while the &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt; verb denoted &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, sentences from Latin (that used the &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt; verb), such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vir &lt;strong&gt;est&lt;/strong&gt; in foro&lt;/em&gt; (The man is in the marketplace)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;became &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(H)omo &lt;strong&gt;stat&lt;/strong&gt; in foro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which now uses the verb &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt;, since what was perceived was that &lt;em&gt;the man was standing in the marketplace.&lt;/em&gt; As time went by, the verb began to be used just to express that someone was in a given place at a given time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, we come to the age of Old Spanish, the 10th century onwards. Time to cite the most famous story from these years: &lt;em&gt;Cantar de Myo Çid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grado a ti Sennor Padre que &lt;strong&gt;estas&lt;/strong&gt; en alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;estava&lt;/strong&gt; donna Ximena con çinco duennas de pro, &lt;strong&gt;rogando&lt;/strong&gt; a san Pero e al Criador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These examples show that the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; (now the final -e was dropped) was being used the same as the nowadays version, both to mean &lt;em&gt;being in a place&lt;/em&gt; and as an auxiliary verb for the continuous present (&lt;em&gt;estaba rogando&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; also had already its current infinitive form, but was still used as an auxiliary verb in place of today's &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. But it was used already to form the passive voice. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En yra del rey Alffonsso yo &lt;strong&gt;sere metido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assi &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; vuestra ventura, grandes &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; vuestras ganançias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, we still see some expressions that contradict the current way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] en vuestras manos &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; las arcas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this could be because here the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is used to mean &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt;: in fact the English translation reads &lt;em&gt;ye have the coffers two&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find much more information about the uses of the verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in the Old Spanish in &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ser&quot; y &quot;estar&quot;. Orígenes de sus funciones en el «Cantar de Mio Cid»&lt;/em&gt; from Spanish writer José María Saussol (publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla, 1978). &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/35/TH_35_002_187_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abstract here&lt;/a&gt; (PDF).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Footnotes:&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1: Fui (Latin - the Spanish is a descendant) is unusual as it comes from the Proto-Italic stem *fu- &quot;to become&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishetym.com/search?query=fui&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-22T20:29:22.597" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T20:29:22.597" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:48:45.207" Score="9" ViewCount="1747" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español es de uso común la expresión &quot;en la vida&quot; con sentido negativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la vida me casaré contigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me fascina de esa frase es que &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt; no parece contener ninguna palabra negativa. Si nos atenemos al sentido estrictamente literal, parece que está diciendo que en algún momento de la vida se casará con la otra persona. Sin embargo, sabemos perfectamente que la frase dice todo lo contrario, ya que según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=blw7uSa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la vida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;nunca&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me puse a investigar pensando en que sería una construcción reciente, abreviada de expresiones como &quot;nunca en la vida&quot;, pero mi sorpresa vino cuando vi que en el diccionario de autoridades (tomo S-Z, 1739) ya viene la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En mi vida&lt;/strong&gt;, ò &lt;strong&gt;en la vida&lt;/strong&gt;. Modo adverbial, que vale Nunca, ò en ningun tiempo. Usase para explicar la incapacidad, ò suma dificultad de conseguir alguna cosa. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Nunquam&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros diccionarios anteriores (según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;) no llegan a recoger esta expresión. No sé si por no ser demasiado exhaustivos o por no existir ya tan atrás en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la expresión es mucho más antigua de lo que pensaba. ¿Hasta cuándo se remonta? Buscando en el CORDE he encontrado las siguientes frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Y pues no te puedo servir, no quiero enojarte ni más te hablar, salvo pedirte, en galardón de mi fe, que me des las manos que te bese, porque desta gloria goze en la muerte, pues &lt;strong&gt;en la vida&lt;/strong&gt; no pude ni tú me dexaste.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Dixiste que quisieras que rogasse por tu muerte, porque en ella de nuestra amistad gozássemos, pues &lt;strong&gt;en la vida&lt;/strong&gt; no podimos [...]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas frases son de 1496, y ambas llevan el &quot;no&quot; en el verbo, mas no sé si frases así podrían constituir el germen de lo que sería la expresión actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T13:47:46.547" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:47:46.547" Title="¿Cuándo adquirió la locución adverbial &quot;en la vida&quot; un sentido negativo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18434" CreationDate="2016-10-20T08:20:34.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, a día de hoy, yo solo reconozco el uso de la primera acepción (&lt;em&gt;Persona sin honor, perversa, despreciable&lt;/em&gt;). La segunda (&lt;em&gt;Hombre dedicado al tráfico de la prostitución&lt;/em&gt;) no creo que se entienda de primeras, por lo que podría afirmar que no es nada común actualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a si es sinónimo de proxeneta y chulo, parece que sí lo fue en su momento. Véamoslo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he podido ver, la evolución histórica va desde la acepción de proxeneta a una actual más genérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante ver la evolución de las acepciones de esta palabra. Para empezar, en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; vemos que la acepción más utilizada actualmente solo se incluyó en 1884.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fig. Hombre sin honor, perverso, despreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, la que comentas ya figuraba en 1780. A continuación detallo cómo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1780&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;s. m. El que trata y vive deshonestamente con mugeres, solicitándolas, ó consitiéndolas el trato con otros hombres. Llámase así tambien el que por causas torpes riñe sus pendencias. Leno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1817&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;s. m. El que trata y vive deshonestamente con mugeres, solicitándolas ó consintiéndoles el trato con otros hombres. Llámase asi tambien el que por causas torpes tiene pendencias. Leno, machus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1884&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;1992&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;m. El que hace el infame tráfico de mujeres públicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2001&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Hombre que hace el infame tráfico de mujeres públicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2014 (actual)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;m. Hombre dedicado al tráfico de la prostitución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es que incluso antes ya constaba: mirando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; vemos por ejemplo que en &lt;strong&gt;1591&lt;/strong&gt; la palabra era una variación de &lt;em&gt;rofian&lt;/em&gt;, la cual ya aparece incluso en &lt;strong&gt;1495&lt;/strong&gt; definida como &lt;em&gt;alcauete, leno, onis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, en &lt;strong&gt;1611&lt;/strong&gt; (Rosal) leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rufián, o rubo, amigo de ramera, y rufa la tal amiga. De estos vocablos usaron los latinos muchas veces. Y porque Rufo es lo mesmo de roxo o bermejo, dice Servio Gramatico, que los llamaron Roxos, porque las Rameras entre los Pastores de Roma vestían pieles de cabra roxa o de zorra. Digo yo, que debió ser insignia de la Ramera, como Hieroglifico que fué d ela Luxuria, de donde quizás quedó el llamarlas Pellejas, aunque en su lugar se trata mejor de esto. Assensio dice, que porque los de este pelo son salaces o libidinosos, parece ser, porque el pelo roxo fue tenido por gala y hermosura, como notamos en el Ultimo Alfabeto, y la hermosura suele ser aparejo, y causa de tales yerros segun dice Ovidio, Cpist [?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sis est cum forma magna pudicitie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demás de esto pudo ser la causa que los Romanos vestian y señalaban las Rameras con unas togas de tela clara transparente y roxa, dicen que por el color del oro, y por cuya cudicia usaban su mal trato; yo pienso que porque el color roxo fue insignia del amor lascivo, y libidinoso, como notamos en el Ultimo Alfabeto. A esto alude Virgilio quando dice = Inde Lupe fulvo Nutricis tegmine letus / Romulus excipiet gentem [?]&#xA;Sino es de un verbo Ruph, que significa hacer temblar, o rendir a otro; y parece asi, pues los Rufianes son Guardas y vengadores de las ruines mugeres y siempre nos los pintan bravos y matadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi interpretación de todo esto es que el &lt;em&gt;rol&lt;/em&gt; de proxeneta era seguramente bastante más común en la edad media. Poco a poco, sus costumbres se fueron identificando con una forma de ser, hasta alcanzar a definir todo aquel que actúa así, sin por ello ser un proxeneta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Ngram nos da una visión de la evolución en el uso de la palabra (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=rufi%C3%A1n%2Crufian&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Crufi%C3%A1n%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Crufian%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rufián/rufian&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/52zcT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/52zcT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se observa su generalización hacia 1900, un descenso hacia 1950 y un repunte significativo a principios de la década de 2000. Un análisis rápido de las entradas que usan este término nos hacen ver que, en general, se trata de republicaciones o análisis de libros antiguos (Cervantes, Lope de Vega...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:23:10.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18374" CreationDate="2016-10-20T08:56:39.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no word to define such concept in Spanish, neither there is in any other language: Portuguese, Italian, French. I checked in Wordreference and the only one close is German, where they have adapted it to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ende/shanghai&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;shanghaien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is quite understandable: the concept of &lt;em&gt;shanghaiing&lt;/em&gt; was created on a very specific context among specific people: sailors in 1850. Even though it expanded to mean &quot;kidnap&quot;, in Spain this has never happened in a large scale (as far as I know), so there has not been the need to create a word to define it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a funny aside, we can play etymology and suggest some Spanish adaptations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;narcoalistar&lt;/strong&gt;: to &lt;em&gt;alistar&lt;/em&gt; using some narcotics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;narconvencer&lt;/strong&gt; to &quot;convince&quot; using some narcotics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the verb &lt;em&gt;to shanghai&lt;/em&gt; does not longer apply and it is unlikely to revive in its current definition, I don't foresee Spanish adopting it anytime soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T08:56:39.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26086" CreationDate="2016-10-20T09:54:32.767" Score="9" ViewCount="11998" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dada la palabra régimen, el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=regimen&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;indica que&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;régimen&lt;/strong&gt;... En el plural el acento cambia de lugar: &lt;em&gt;regímenes&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;*régimenes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el mismo diccionario la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=plural&amp;amp;submit.x=15&amp;amp;submit.y=16&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada sobre plural&lt;/a&gt;, veo que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Otras cuestiones relativas al plural.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.1. &lt;em&gt;Cambio de la vocal tónica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; La vocal tónica es la misma en el singular y en el plural, salvo en las palabras &lt;em&gt;espécimen, régimen&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, en las que el acento cambia de lugar en el plural: &lt;em&gt;especímenes, regímenes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caracteres&lt;/em&gt; [karaktéres].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, me pregunto: ¿por qué en estas tres palabras &lt;em&gt;espécimen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;régimen&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt; la vocal tónica cambia en el plural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-10-17T19:56:58.167" Title="¿Por qué el plural de régimen es &quot;regímenes&quot; y no &quot;régimenes&quot;? Y lo mismo con espécimen y carácter" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T12:05:04.130" Score="4" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would you call &quot;coniferous tree&quot; and &quot;deciduous tree&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;coniferous tree = árbol de coníferas, conífera&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;deciduous tree = árbol de hoja caduca, árbol caducifolio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T13:07:09.770" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T17:32:45.100" Title="&quot;Coniferous tree&quot; and &quot;deciduous tree&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18448" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T12:49:12.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ser vivo fotosintético, sin capacidad locomotora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T11:52:08.403" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T11:52:08.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18449" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T12:49:12.383" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre plantas, ese ser vivo. // Questions about plants, that living being" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T11:52:08.403" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T11:52:08.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18447" CreationDate="2016-10-20T13:03:51.647" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's see the English definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/coniferous&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coniferous&lt;/a&gt;: a bush or tree (such as a pine) that &lt;strong&gt;produces cones&lt;/strong&gt; and that usually has leaves that are &lt;strong&gt;green all year&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deciduous&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Deciduous&lt;/a&gt;: having &lt;strong&gt;leaves that fall off&lt;/strong&gt; every year.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's see the DRAE definitions for your options about &lt;em&gt;coniferous&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AKGTyl9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conífero, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;conĭfer, -ĕri&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;em&gt;Bot.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de un árbol o de un arbusto: Del grupo de las gimnospermas de &lt;strong&gt;hojas persistentes&lt;/strong&gt;, aciculares o en forma de escamas, fruto en cono, y ramas que presentan un &lt;strong&gt;contorno cónico&lt;/strong&gt;; p. ej., el ciprés, el pino o la sabina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now the definitions for your options about &lt;em&gt;deciduous&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KYSU0CJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de hoja caduca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Dicho de un vegetal: Que, con las estaciones, &lt;strong&gt;pierde las hojas&lt;/strong&gt; y las renueva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6bLIkMz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;caducifolio, lia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;cadūcus&lt;/em&gt; 'caduco' y &lt;em&gt;folium&lt;/em&gt; 'hoja'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;em&gt;Bot.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de un árbol o de una planta: De &lt;strong&gt;hoja caduca&lt;/strong&gt;, que se le cae al empezar la estación desfavorable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that all your options are perfectly valid. In the first case I would say just &lt;em&gt;conífera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T13:13:59.370" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T13:13:59.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18361" CreationDate="2016-10-20T14:22:58.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very difficult to track the origin and motivations of very recent expressions, due to the information going spread faster and faster. In this case, the expression is not present in the CORDE, but it is in &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the CREA&lt;/a&gt;. The first use appears in a 1981 book, &quot;Días de guardar&quot;, from Spanish writer Carlos Pérez Merinero. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Henri era un cliente asiduo de &quot;Le Pelican&quot; y solíamos jugar al juego del camarero y el cliente indeciso con destreza de maestros. Sólo que entonces tenía yo el papel del cuchillero y él el de la víctima propiciatoria. Nos lo &lt;strong&gt;pasábamos teta&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;El cabrón del maître observa la jugada y se lo está &lt;strong&gt;pasando teta&lt;/strong&gt;. A lo mejor el muy hijoputa, al ver mi pasividad, me toma por un mariposón.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish language has a variety of expressions with the same structure to note that someone is having a good time. Every one of them uses a positive word (in some sense or another), related to entertainment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HRcRBBV#CnedrW4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de fábula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T7Afswj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pipa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; Maybe related to eating sunflower seeds, or to enjoying some pipe tobacco, or even related to sex, given that &quot;pipa&quot; may refer to the clitoris.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JSEI1iN#223mORn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;en grande&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5pINrRS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bomba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; Maybe related to the fact that &quot;¡bomba!&quot; was an expression used decades ago before someone made a toast (see 22nd meaning in the definition).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these expressions have been recently included in the DRAE. Some of them are from the 2001 version, others from the 1992 version. So if you think about it, using &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZftTurp#FzeeH9J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;teta&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is just a normal evolution, an expression that just nobody knows its origin but fell in grace among the people, because it represents both the child being breastfeeded (related to entertainment and joy) and the adult, more sexual theme of playing with a woman's breasts. But that may place the expression a bit on the &lt;em&gt;machismo&lt;/em&gt; side, the same case as something &lt;em&gt;cojonudo&lt;/em&gt; being something good, and a &lt;em&gt;coñazo&lt;/em&gt; being something bad, only on a lighter level. But this sexual theme regarding the origin of the expression does not mean that you have to use it in sexual contexts, as seen in the examples above, so I am more inclined to think that the expression may have its origins in the entertainment and joy of breastfeeding, as you propose in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T06:26:08.217" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:26:08.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18428" CreationDate="2016-10-20T14:26:26.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This applies to Mexico: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When buying it is always assumed you want a pack of cigarettes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Good morning, how can I help you?&#xA;- A pack of cigarettes, please.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Buenos días, ¿qué se le ofrece?&#xA;- Unos cigarros.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literal translation will be &quot;un paquete de cigarros&quot; (where &lt;code&gt;paquete&lt;/code&gt; is spanish for &lt;code&gt;pack&lt;/code&gt;) and that means around 20 packs of cigarettes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- ¿Cuánto has estado fumando?&#xA;- Una caja* diario. (one pack a day).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*caja, cajetilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastEditorUserId="13779" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T21:59:16.290" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T21:59:16.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18440" CreationDate="2016-10-20T14:29:49.010" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why do &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; exist?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have different roots, in particular the Spanish verb &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; has multiple roots:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The infinitive (e.g. &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;), the conditionals (e.g. &lt;code&gt;sería&lt;/code&gt;) and the future form (e.g. &lt;code&gt;seré&lt;/code&gt;) come from the Latin &lt;code&gt;sedēre&lt;/code&gt; (present active infinitive of &lt;code&gt;sedeō&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The other forms (e.g. &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;fui&lt;/code&gt;) come from the Latin &lt;code&gt;esse&lt;/code&gt; (present active infinitive of &lt;code&gt;sum&lt;/code&gt;) or the vulgar Latin &lt;code&gt;essere&lt;/code&gt; derived from it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand the Spanish verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; comes from the Latin &lt;code&gt;stāre&lt;/code&gt; (present active infinitive of &lt;code&gt;stō&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To compare it to English, the English verb &lt;code&gt;am&lt;/code&gt; shares the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) root with the Latin &lt;code&gt;sum&lt;/code&gt;. That PIE root already had &quot;both&quot; meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where is the Latin &lt;code&gt;sedēre&lt;/code&gt; in English?&lt;/strong&gt; It is the root for the English verb &lt;code&gt;to sit&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where is the Latin &lt;code&gt;stāre&lt;/code&gt; in English?&lt;/strong&gt; It is the root for the English verb &lt;code&gt;to stay&lt;/code&gt;, it is also related to the nouns &lt;code&gt;state&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;status&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;station&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;stance&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: do not confuse with the English verb &lt;code&gt;to stare&lt;/code&gt; which doesn't have its root in Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would argue that the closest equivalent to the Spanish verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; in English is the verb &lt;code&gt;to stay&lt;/code&gt;. Yet, the English verb &lt;code&gt;to stay&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;to continue to be in a place or condition&lt;/code&gt; while the Spanish verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; lacks the the connotation of &lt;code&gt;continue to be&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the shared PIE root for the Latin &lt;code&gt;sum&lt;/code&gt; and English &lt;code&gt;am&lt;/code&gt; had already both meanings, we must conclude that at some point Spanish preferred to differentiate &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;... In fact, Old Spanish (circa the XI century) still used the verb &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; with both meaning※. It is unclear exactly when &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; replaced &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; for locations and conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;※: Example from &quot;Cantar de Mio Cid&quot;: &lt;code&gt;El vno es en parayso&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;strike&gt;&lt;code&gt;El&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;code&gt;uno está en&lt;/code&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;code&gt;paraíso&lt;/code&gt; in modern Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikitionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ser#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sedeo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin sedeo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/esse#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin esse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sum#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin sum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sto#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin sto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_copula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Romance copula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish Language&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantar_de_Mio_Cid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantar de Mio Cid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etymonline:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=sit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English sit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=stay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English stay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=stare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English stare&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Newcastle University:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/hisverb.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;History of the Spanish Verb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diccionario Etimológico de Chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?ser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimología de SER&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimología de ESTAR&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2522" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T12:55:39.317" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T12:55:39.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18455" CreationDate="2016-10-20T15:06:05.340" Score="0" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading a Spanish translation of &quot;Three Men in a Boat&quot; I've found that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... the only malady I could conclude I had not got was &lt;strong&gt;housemaid’s&lt;/strong&gt; knee.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;was translated as   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y la única enfermedad que, según el Diccionario, no padecía, era “la rodilla de &lt;strong&gt;beata&lt;/strong&gt;”.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, none of the meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5GSbDF5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;beata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the DRAE seem to refer to a housemaid:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Feliz o bienaventurado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Beatificada por el papa. U. m. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Persona muy devota que frecuenta mucho los templos. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Persona que lleva hábito religioso sin vivir en comunidad ni seguir regla determinada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Códice miniado, de los siglos VIII al XIII, que recoge los comentarios que el Beato de Liébana escribió sobre el Apocalipsis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Mujer que vive con otras en clausura o sin ella bajo cierta regla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Mujer que con hábito religioso se emplea en pedir limosna o en otro tipo de menesteres en nombre de la comunidad a la que está agregada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. peseta (‖ unidad monetaria).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so I'm a little confused ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T18:47:29.213" Title="Is &quot;beata&quot; an adequate translation of &quot;housemaid&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18454" CreationDate="2016-10-20T15:24:33.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is referring to a particular condition, where the knees are damaged. In Mexico (and Latam, I assume) the &lt;code&gt;beatas&lt;/code&gt; stay too much time on her knees, at church or at house, while praying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The condition is Prepatellar Bursitis. I have searched and the term &lt;code&gt;housemaid's knee&lt;/code&gt; is accurate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastEditorUserId="13779" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T18:47:29.213" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T18:47:29.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18434" CreationDate="2016-10-20T15:39:31.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, coloquialmente no se le relaciona con esa función, y tal vez es debido a que existen muchas palabras para la &quot;profesión&quot; que son muy populares, como proxeneta, chulo, dandy, padrote. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, decir &lt;em&gt;un rufián en todos los sentidos&lt;/em&gt; debería ser aceptado cuando todo el perfil del personaje en cuestión está dibujado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T15:39:31.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18457" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T18:41:14.960" Score="4" ViewCount="380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in Mexico City and people here are telling me that the subjunctive form &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; is actually future, and that only the &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; form is imperfect. I have always been taught that both are imperfect (SpanishDict confirms my education, as do many questions on this site).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to spell it out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imperfect subjunctive: fuese fueses fuese, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Future subjunctive: fuera fueras fuera, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question is whether, in certain regions, the fuera conjugation is considered future.&lt;/strong&gt; (Or, it seems that yes, here in Mexico City it is considered future, and I would like someone to share if they have also encountered this?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Details&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The people who tell me this are 40 or older and tell me that &quot;young people don't know the difference.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To clarify, no, they are not saying fuere fueres fuere for the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They might only be referring to conditional statements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One person from Bolivia agreed that the fuera conjugation is future, but was uneasy in his answer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not a duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This question is not a duplicate of the many &quot;Why are there two imperfect subjunctives?&quot; Guifa has a great answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8364/difference-between-iera-and-iese-ending-of-the-imperfect-subjunctive&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but I am not asking why there are two. I am asking if in some places there is actually only one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/487/is-there-any-subtle-difference-between-the-two-forms-of-the-imperfect-subjuntive&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; of whether there is any difference in meaning between the two forms is closer. My question is more regionally specific; also, the answers there are all &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;, while I have been told emphatically here, &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T22:17:38.917" Title="The two imperfect subjunctives, is one actually future?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T20:48:16.957" Score="1" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt;, having taken over the older verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; which is now almost exclusively used for the perfect aspect. Unfortunately, there is no English equivalent for tener, although there might be a possible answer down that route.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haber&lt;/em&gt; also means, as shown below, &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt;, but don't let this cognate confuse you, etymologically these verbs are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&amp;amp;search=have&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;not connected&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, having come from different PIE roots. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; (Verb) &quot;to have&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  10th cent. From Latine tenere &quot;to hold.&quot; From Proto-Italic *t(e)nē- &quot;to snare,&quot; a stative verb formed from Proto-Indo-European *tn-eh1- 'id.,' from *ten- &quot;to stretch.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Indo-European: Celtic: Middle Welsh tannu &quot;to spread out,&quot; Middle Cornish tan &quot;take!&quot; Germanic: Gothic ufþanjan &quot;to extend,&quot; Old Norse þenja &quot;to stretch,&quot; Old High German dennan 'id.,' Old Saxon thenian 'id.,' Old English þennan 'id.;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishetym.com/search?query=tener&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanishetym&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; (Verb) &quot;to have&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  12th cent. Old Spanish aver. From Latin habere &quot;to have,&quot; &quot;to hold.&quot; From Proto-Italic *χab-ē 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *g&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;h&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;b-(e)i̯- 'id.' The phonology of this word is exceptional as the presence of *b was rare in Proto-Indo-European.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The spelling change from aver to haber was a modern modification to more closely reflect the original Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishetym.com/search?query=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spanishetym&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was spurred by my noticing that in words like &lt;em&gt;main&lt;strong&gt;tain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;man&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ob&lt;strong&gt;tain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;ob&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; there appears to be a link between the verb 'tener' and perhaps an English equivalent of &lt;em&gt;tain&lt;/em&gt; I looked at the etymology of &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; for any link to English but could find no answer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/teneo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; reveals the Latin precursor to &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; to be &lt;em&gt;tenere&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Tenere&lt;/em&gt; is also the ancestor of several English words - tenet, tenor, tenure. Unfortunately none of these include any link to &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I'm not looking for a replacement for &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; in normal use, nonetheless; is there an Spanish cognate of a English term that also has a linking etymology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(I have a suggestion and have posted it below, please improve it or post your own answer)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T21:26:57.370" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T20:13:37.133" Title="Is there an Spanish cognate of 'have' with etymological backing?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-10-20T20:48:16.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As is mentioned in the question, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; is a cognate of &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; but does not have the same etymological backing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;have&lt;/strong&gt; (v.)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Old English habban &amp;quot;to own, possess; be subject to, experience,&amp;quot; from Proto-Germanic *haben- (source also of Old Norse hafa, Old Saxon hebbjan, Old Frisian habba, German haben, Gothic haban &amp;quot;to have&amp;quot;), from PIE root *kap- &amp;quot;to grasp&amp;quot; (see capable). Not related to Latin habere, despite similarity in form and sense; &lt;strong&gt;the Latin cognate is capere &amp;quot;seize.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=have&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etymonline&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing this final line, I investigated a Latin connection and found the verb &lt;strong&gt;caber&lt;/strong&gt;. It has two meanings that could be appropriate to the question at hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(transitive) to be held or contained; to be capable of being contained (in something)&#xA;(transitive) to have, hold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Proto-Italic *kapiō, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyéti, from the root *keh₂p- ‎(“to seize, grab”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cognate with Breton kavout, &lt;strong&gt;English have, heave&lt;/strong&gt;, Lithuanian kàmpt, Albanian kap, Ancient Greek κάπτω ‎(káptō).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/caber#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, this seems like a good solution to the problem, bar the fact that they have slightly different meanings.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Nevertheless, &lt;strong&gt;caber&lt;/strong&gt; fits the bill quite well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T05:52:05.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18407" CreationDate="2016-10-20T21:04:48.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They only scenarios where I can think on a difference is in the relationship context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Hace mucho no te veía, ¿cómo está tu novio? -&lt;strong&gt;Terminamos&lt;/strong&gt; (we broke up).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a slightly different context, a proper translation for &quot;the relationship is over&quot; is &quot;el noviazgo acabó&quot; where the synonym of terminar/acabar, applies again as others have answered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T21:04:48.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-21T01:10:56.670" Score="14" ViewCount="7943" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;em&gt;el ave&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;el pájaro&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Spanish class has used them both for the same bird and it really has me confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they the same thing? Or do they have distinct differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13793" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T07:56:10.687" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:38:46.533" Title="What's the difference between &quot;ave&quot; and &quot;pájaro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2016-10-21T02:00:00.493" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ave&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; refer to pretty much anything that flies.  Typically though, it's usually associated with animals.  I consider the word &quot;ave&quot; to reference such flying animals as a species.  Much like how you can call a car a vehicle, but a car is not a truck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; on the other hand is associated with the animal itself more than the fact that it can fly.  Just as in English, you can call the animal a &quot;bird&quot;, but you could also call it what it really is, e.g cardinal, robin, chicken, flamingo, penguin, and so on...  they're all birds.  That isn't to say though that 'pájaro' can be used to point out a duck, penguin, or whatever.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; is the little bird in your window, the crow that steals your crops, the animal eating from the bird feeder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T07:38:50.370" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T07:38:50.370" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18465" CreationDate="2016-10-21T03:12:48.133" Score="2" ViewCount="508" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría conocer frases en español que signifiquen lo mismo que la siguiente frase en inglés: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;With each passing hour/day/year/etc ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;With each passing day, her knowledge of Spanish increased.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;_____?_____&lt;/strong&gt;, sus conocimientos de español aumentaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando lo intento traducir directamente, mi opción es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Con cada día/año/etc pasado...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto? ¿Es esta una forma común de decir esto, o hay otras frases más comunes para este concepto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T07:11:55.700" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T12:46:54.817" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;with each passing minute/day/year...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18464" CreationDate="2016-10-21T04:02:03.453" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my answer I'm going to try to keep the translation as closer to the original phrase as possible, because there're so many valid ways to say the very same. So I'm going to be concret.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the translation there's a little mistake. The verb. It's past, but It's in the wrong form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;With each passing hour/day/year/etc ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con cada día/hora/año &lt;strong&gt;que pasaba&lt;/strong&gt;, sus conocimientos de español &lt;strong&gt;crecían&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next one is another valid translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con cada día/hora/año &lt;strong&gt;que pasaba&lt;/strong&gt; su &lt;em&gt;dominio&lt;/em&gt; del español &lt;strong&gt;mejoraba&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A shorter way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cada día/hora/año &lt;strong&gt;que pasaba&lt;/strong&gt; su español &lt;strong&gt;mejoraba&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also change &lt;em&gt;cada (each)&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;el paso de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con &lt;strong&gt;el paso de&lt;/strong&gt; los días/meses/años su español mejoraba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally the shorter one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Con los días/horas/años su español &lt;strong&gt;mejoraba&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;We have elided that the time goes by, we just mentioned days/months/years for such meaning&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that In spanish (at least in Spain), we speak about &lt;em&gt;improving&lt;/em&gt; our language &lt;em&gt;skills&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;increasing&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;knowledge&lt;/em&gt; about the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, both ways (&lt;em&gt;to improve and to increase&lt;/em&gt;) are interchangable in this phrase. Both are valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;passing&lt;/em&gt; is in continuous form. The -ing brings &lt;em&gt;motion&lt;/em&gt; to the time. In spanish the motion has been introduced by &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;que pasaba&lt;/em&gt;. This is the way we do reference explictly to the motion of the time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want just to use the verb without &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;. We could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasaban&lt;/strong&gt; los días/horas/años &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; su español &lt;strong&gt;mejoraba&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Semantically both say the very same. Sintactically both are differents. The last one would not be an acurated translation to the original one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T09:57:09.020" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T09:57:09.020" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2016-10-21T04:53:52.587" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4X8WU1M%7C4XANV8J&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ave&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Animal vertebrado, ovíparo, de respiración pulmonar y sangre de temperatura constante, pico córneo, cuerpo cubierto de plumas, con dos patas y dos alas aptas por lo común para el vuelo, y que, en estado embrionario, tiene amnios y alantoides.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RTabDql&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pájaro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Ave, especialmente si es pequeña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aves&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; entry is both for &quot;ave&quot; and &quot;pájaro&quot;. Thus, both terms mean &quot;bird&quot;, being used &quot;pájaro&quot; more for the smaller ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Aves&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the name of the &lt;em&gt;class&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Birds&quot; in Biology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T06:13:56.763" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T06:13:56.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18464" CreationDate="2016-10-21T07:11:20.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18465/12637&quot;&gt;Laiv's answer&lt;/a&gt;, there is a shorter way of saying the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pbn1zcv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por momentos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. progresivamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. de un momento a otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba por momentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is valid for other units of time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba por días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;día a día&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. De manera continuada y progresiva o reiterada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba día a día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba día tras día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba año tras año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de un día a otro&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;de un día para otro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. En muy poco tiempo o de manera inminente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba de un día para otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su español mejoraba de un mes/año a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T07:11:20.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18309" CreationDate="2016-10-21T08:06:58.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a buscar un poco de información en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; a ver qué encontramos. Por de pronto, buscando simplemente &quot;nomás&quot; encontramos 501 casos, con los siguientes países como ganadores en el ranking de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MÉXICO      41.11%  (206 casos)&#xA;ARGENTINA   24.15%  (121 casos)&#xA;PARAGUAY    16.36%  (82 casos)&#xA;PERÚ        9.78%   (49 casos)&#xA;URUGUAY     4.99%   (25 casos)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, las primeras apariciones son en México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y otros no comían hasta el mediodía, una vez &lt;strong&gt;nomás&lt;/strong&gt;, y en la noche no gustavan cosa alguna [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, &quot;Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España&quot;, México (1576-1577).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en España (!), gracias a Lope de Vega:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carlomagno: [...] ¿Por qué parte os parece que la entremos?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Durandarte: Yo te la pintaré, señor invicto, por la costa &lt;strong&gt;nomás&lt;/strong&gt;, porque tú puedas escoger el lugar que más te agrade.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Lope de Vega Carpio, &quot;El casamiento en la muerte&quot;, España (c. 1597).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alcira: Que dellos no estoy quejosa.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Baudeles: ¿Pues de quién?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alcira: De vos &lt;strong&gt;nomás&lt;/strong&gt;, porque fingís sentimiento.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Lope de Vega Carpio, &quot;El hijo de Reduán&quot;, España (1604).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que el origen podría ser una versión reducida de &quot;nada más&quot;, o como sinónimo de &quot;simplemente&quot; o &quot;solamente&quot;. La siguiente aparición en el CORDE ya es en 1778 en un texto argentino anónimo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apéese &lt;strong&gt;nomás&lt;/strong&gt;, válgate Barrabás, dentre pues que cojea de los pies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Anónimo, &quot;El amor de la estanciera&quot;, Argentina (1778).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuyo uso ya se parece bastante más al que se le da hoy día en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dados los primeros usos, existe una posibilidad de que la expresión se originase en España (en su forma ya unida en una palabra) por la época de los primeros viajes a América (unos cuantos años antes de la primera aparición mencionada en México), y se haya mantenido como expresión latente hasta su relativamente reciente explosión en el uso, sobre todo en Hispanoamérica (34 casos en el siglo XIX, 471 casos en el siglo XX más 1359 en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt;). El &lt;em&gt;top 5&lt;/em&gt; en el CREA es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MÉXICO      52.94%  (719 casos)&#xA;PERÚ        16.78%  (228 casos)&#xA;ARGENTINA   15.02%  (204 casos)&#xA;URUGUAY     3.60%   (49 casos)&#xA;BOLIVIA     2.65%   (36 casos)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos tenemos que remontar aun más atrás, hay que buscar la expresión en su forma antigua (y separada) &lt;em&gt;non más&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ca si dixiere que lo oyo a un onbre solo e &lt;strong&gt;non mas&lt;/strong&gt; non lo deven creer [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Siete Partidas de Alfonso X. BNM I 766&quot;, España (1491).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso en el &quot;Cantar de Myo Çid&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los VI dias de plazo passados los an: Tres an por troçir, sepades que &lt;strong&gt;non mas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T10:12:00.190" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T10:12:00.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18558" CreationDate="2016-10-21T11:25:17.347" Score="2" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;Back in the Latin days, the verb that denoted possession was the copulative verb &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;, a function that it had even in the Old Spanish, as it can be seen in the &lt;em&gt;Cantar de Myo Çid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;en vuestras manos son las arcas&lt;/em&gt; = the coffers are in your hands (possession) = you have the coffers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin, the verb &lt;em&gt;tenere&lt;/em&gt; (teneô, -ês, -êre, tenuî, tentum) also existed, but in the sense of holding something, and not in the sense of possession. It seems that this verb &lt;em&gt;tenere&lt;/em&gt; is what origined the current verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, as it can be seen in the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZT8sFSB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tener&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;tenēre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Asir o mantener asido algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. poseer (‖ tener en su poder).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first meaning is the one inherited from Latin. My question is: when and why did &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; start to have the sense of possession in Spanish (the second meaning)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T10:26:11.950" Title="Which is the origin of the Spanish verb &quot;tener&quot; in the sense of possession?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18471" CreationDate="2016-10-21T12:29:38.553" Score="3" ViewCount="7944" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the meaning of the expression &quot;&lt;strong&gt;toma chocolate paga lo que debe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear this expression in the song &quot;El Bodeguero&quot;, by Nat King Cole.&#xA;I believe that's a Cuban expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14021" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T13:35:58.267" LastActivityDate="2020-06-14T13:20:35.893" Title="What's the meaning of the expression &quot;toma chocolate paga lo que debe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18470" CreationDate="2016-10-21T12:59:23.020" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently, this is an expression that is still used in Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.delaviuda.com/blog/toma-chocolate-paga-lo-que-debes-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La confitería de la viuda&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta frase se sigue utilizando a día de hoy, sobre todo en Cuba.&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Quiere decir que disfrutes de todo lo que quieras, pero págalo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuentan los lugareños que esta frase nació a raíz de una historia.&#xA;  Un personaje que se hizo famoso en su pueblo porque siempre pedía chocolate, se lo tomaba y luego se iba sin pagar.&#xA;  La frase se extendió a otras muchas situaciones, como pedir dinero y no devolverlo, comprar y no terminar de pagar lo que se compraba, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así que ya sabes, todo aquello que quieras tiene un precio y hay que pagarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it means: &lt;strong&gt;enjoy as much as you want, but pay for it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://refranescubanos.blogspot.com.es/2007/08/toma-chocolatey-paga-lo-que-debes.html?showComment=1186695000000#c8858331215635303823&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a comment&lt;/a&gt; to a post in the page Refranes cubanos, they mention another hypothesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el refrán viene de una persona a la cual llmaban &quot;chocolate&quot;, y estaba siempre endeudado. Le hicieron un préstamo para que pagara y la frase, con buena puntuación se leería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;Toma, chocolate, paga lo que debes&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this is a very nice example to show the importance of punctuation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toma chocolate paga lo que debes&lt;/em&gt; is difficult to understand as is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toma chocolate, paga lo que debes&lt;/em&gt; it states two sentences &lt;em&gt;toma chocolate&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;paga lo que debes&lt;/em&gt;, one being the consequence of the other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toma, chocolate, paga lo que debes&lt;/em&gt; it can address a person whose nick name is &lt;em&gt;chocolate&lt;/em&gt; and say &quot;hey, here you have some money; now, pay back your debts&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what must be the meaning in the context of this song? Let's check the lyrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre en su casa, presente está&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El bodeguero y el cha cha cha&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vete a la esquina y lo veras&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y atento siempre te servirá  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anda enseguida córrete allá&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El con la plata lo encontrarás&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del otro lado del mostrador&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El complaciente y servidor  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bodeguero que sucede&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Porque tan contento estás&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo creo que es consecuencia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De lo que en moda está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El bodeguero bailando va&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En la bodega se baila así&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/AQpeQXFPEZs?t=1m6s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Entre frijóles papa y ají&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El nuevo ritmo del cha cha cha  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/AQpeQXFPEZs?t=1m15s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la bodega se baila así&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Entre frijoles papa hay aquí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En la bodega se baila así&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Entre frijóles papa y ají  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate. Paga lo que debes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toma chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this context, of a man who owns a tavern, it is most likely that the meaning has to do with &quot;hey, have fun here but do pay the bill!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-12T14:01:06.743" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T14:01:06.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18464" CreationDate="2016-10-21T15:07:02.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a venezuelan, I can tell by the way that we speak here, we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con cada día/hora/minuto que pasaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Con cada día que pasaba, su conocimiento de Español mejoraba&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also another expressions as for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conforme corrían las horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conforme pasaban las horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Conforme corrían/psaban los días, su conocimiento de Español mejoraba&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2417" LastEditorUserId="2417" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T12:46:54.817" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T12:46:54.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18475" CreationDate="2016-10-21T22:11:01.677" Score="4" ViewCount="77698" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la serie &lt;em&gt;Narcos&lt;/em&gt; hoy estaban hablando de gente y de repente vino el momento de decidir a quién matar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dale plomo a esa &lt;strong&gt;peladita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaban refiriéndose a una chica joven, de unos veinte años, por lo que entendí que es una forma de decir &lt;em&gt;joven&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chica&lt;/em&gt; o similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, recordé haber oído esta palabra entre colombianos para definir a gente más joven, algo así como &lt;em&gt;adolescentes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, me pregunto: ¿para qué rangos de edad se usa el término? ¿es de uso solamente coloquial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería muy interesante también saber su origen, pues la RAE se limita a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SMPEGoX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelado&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. de pelar.8. m. y f. coloq. Bol. y Col. Niño, muchacho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt; indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. Jovencito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Individuo falto de recursos pecuniarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que aplica a esa gente que a esa edad siempre tiene las rodillas peladas de heridas que se producen jugando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:57:57.867" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:57:57.867" Title="En Colombia, ¿qué es una &quot;pelada&quot; o &quot;peladita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;bolivia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18474" CreationDate="2016-10-21T22:34:08.757" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pelado, pelada, peladito, peladita&lt;/strong&gt; se refieren a una persona joven en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen se refiere a que la persona joven carece de vello púbico por lo tanto está &amp;quot;pelado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que el origen de &lt;strong&gt;pelado&lt;/strong&gt; está asociado a la etapa previa a la adolescencia, se usa para referirse a personas de menos de 20 años aunque si la persona que usa la frase es muy mayor podría estarse refiriendo a una persona algo por encima de los 20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diminutivo &lt;strong&gt;peladito&lt;/strong&gt; generalmente se usa para referirse a niños de menos de 10 o 12 años pero también puede usarse como apelativo cariñoso con alguien mayor a esa edad. (no es el caso del ejemplo en la pregunta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que educar bien a los &lt;strong&gt;pelados&lt;/strong&gt; para que no sigan el camino de los narcos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa &lt;strong&gt;peladita&lt;/strong&gt; me cae bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra acepción es estar &lt;strong&gt;sin dinero&lt;/strong&gt; p.ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pagué el arriendo y quedé &lt;em&gt;pelado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En éste caso, &lt;em&gt;pelado&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de peluqueado o calvo o &lt;strong&gt;sin nada encima&lt;/strong&gt;, o sea, sin dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente que las personas jóvenes también vivan escasos de dinero porque aún no tienen un empleo, por lo que podrás escuchar algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese pelao anda pelao (la forma más frecuente de pronunciarlo es sin la d).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o su sinónimo: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;ese pelao anda sin cinco&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T20:28:34.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-21T23:11:02.943" Score="1" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen various expressions such as &quot;visita infaltable&quot;, &quot;pelicula que hay que ver&quot;, &quot;parada casi obligada&quot;. I was wondering if there was a &quot;one size fits all&quot; adjective for this? Or, is there a construction for these forms? Must-see, must-read, must-do. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13818" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:33:21.557" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:33:21.557" Title="What is the most common way of saying &quot;must-see&quot;, as in a &quot;must-see&quot; film or tourist attraction?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18477" CreationDate="2016-10-22T00:46:59.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best word that you can use to express that concept is &lt;em&gt;imprescindible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll frequently hear it most often alongside some other verb introduced with para, unless your sentence makes it already clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La visita al museo es imprescindible para los turistas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Para los amantes del cine terror, aquella película es imprescindible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt; es un libro imprescindible (para leer, para tener, para entender).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the word with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and an infinitive to create a sentence effectively saying &quot;It's an absolute must to…&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es imprescindible asistir a un concierto de Shakira una vez en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T01:21:08.493" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T01:21:08.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18477" CreationDate="2016-10-22T00:51:52.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/imperdible-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;imperdible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for anything not-to-be-missed. I'm from Argentina and its use in this sense is widespread, although this meaning may be somewhat new according to Fundéu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un nuevo significado que ya se recoge en diccionarios como el Diccionario de uso del español, de Seco, Andrés y Ramos, con el significado de ‘[Cosa] que no se puede perder o &lt;strong&gt;dejar de disfrutar&lt;/strong&gt;’ (la negrita en nuestra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T00:51:52.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18481" CreationDate="2016-10-22T03:25:01.433" Score="4" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi experiencia indica que en México se usa &quot;usted&quot;, pero sé que en España quizás son un poco menos formales.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que traducir una carta de la Seguridad Social de EE.UU. en frases dirigidas a mí, ¿sería mejor utilizar &quot;tú&quot; o &quot;usted&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14028" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T08:42:24.073" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T08:42:24.073" Title="En España, ¿el Gobierno usa &quot;tú&quot; o &quot;usted&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18480" CreationDate="2016-10-22T04:28:00.373" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para cualquier correspondencia formal, el estado español usará solo usted (además, usará el tratamiento «don» o «doña» para todos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible encontrar ejemplos del tuteo en, por ejemplo, campañas de publicidad para algún u otro programa, servicio, o evento.  Pero el ejemplo que das de una carta de Seguridad Social, definitivamente tendrá un tratamiento muy formal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T04:28:00.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18477" CreationDate="2016-10-22T06:50:44.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several ways to say something is a must:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Must-see / Must-visit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes que &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;visitar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has de &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Visita&lt;/em&gt; Imprescindible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De &lt;em&gt;visita&lt;/em&gt; obligada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedes dejar de ir a &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;visitar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedes perderte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: the last sentence &quot;perderse&quot; would be translated as &lt;em&gt;missing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put on Italics the words (3 verbs, 2 nouns) that could be replaced by other verbs and nouns. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Must-read&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes que &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has de &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lectura&lt;/em&gt; Imprescindible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De &lt;em&gt;lectura&lt;/em&gt; obligada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedes dejar de &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Must-have&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has de &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debes &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imprescindible &lt;em&gt;tenerlo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Must-buy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes que &lt;em&gt;comprarlo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Compra&lt;/em&gt; Imprescindible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De &lt;em&gt;compra&lt;/em&gt; obligada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing. We use &lt;em&gt;tener, deber and  haber&lt;/em&gt; to say something is a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these are less prioritary than &lt;em&gt;Imprescindible&lt;/em&gt;. If something is really a must, then use &lt;em&gt;Imprescindible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally there are forms like &lt;em&gt;de ... obligada&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;no puedes dejar de&lt;/em&gt; that are quite hard to translate. These are tipical where I live (Spain) but don't know about other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T06:50:44.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18474" CreationDate="2016-10-22T09:28:30.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El  &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Americanismos&lt;/a&gt; traduce&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PELADA&lt;/strong&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. Ec:O. Mujer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PELADITA&lt;/strong&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.  1.  m. y f. Mx. pelado, persona de bajo estrato social.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II. 1.  m. y f. Ec. Muchacho, niño pequeño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;         2. Bo:E. Criatura en el vientre de la madre. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T08:54:34.457" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T08:54:34.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18480" CreationDate="2016-10-22T09:40:48.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para comunicaciones oficiales dirigidas a una persona concreta, el Gobierno &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; utilizará tratamientos formales ('usted'), nunca &quot;tú&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo en comunicaciones dirigidas al público en general (campañas informativas o divulgativas, peticiones de voto) a veces utiliza un tono informal y trata de 'tú'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T14:22:53.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:22:53.103" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18488" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T10:31:31.873" Score="3" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/bimensual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Collins dictionary&lt;/a&gt; translates &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bimensual&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(= &lt;strong&gt;cada dos meses&lt;/strong&gt;) &quot;bimonthly&quot;, &quot;two-monthly&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(= &lt;strong&gt;dos veces al mes&lt;/strong&gt;) &quot;fortnightly&quot;, &quot;semimonthly (US)&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can this be?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is it 'cada dos meses' (&lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; times a year) or 'dos veces al mes' (&lt;strong&gt;24&lt;/strong&gt; times a year)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is there an error in the dictionary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T14:26:58.373" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:26:58.373" Title="Meaning of 'bimensual'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2016-10-22T11:07:58.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;strong&gt;Ave&lt;/strong&gt; is the formal word and the one used in Biology. So, like others have said, a penguin and a kiwi are &lt;strong&gt;aves&lt;/strong&gt;, but I, spanish native speaker, wouldn't call either of them a &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, I know that the RAE definition says it, but at least in Spain in spoken language you can call &lt;strong&gt;ALL flying birds&lt;/strong&gt; a &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;An eagle is a &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; as well as an &lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/strong&gt;. The difference with small and large birds is that &lt;strong&gt;usually&lt;/strong&gt;, we call the large ones by the name of the species.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you see an eagle you usually say for instance:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; -  &lt;em&gt;He visto un &lt;strong&gt;águila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you &lt;strong&gt;don't&lt;/strong&gt; say:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;em&gt;He visto un &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;strong&gt;neither&lt;/strong&gt; do you say:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;em&gt;He visto un &lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you see a little bird you can use the word &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; for every little bird you see at a tree or a roof or whatever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;With the same example, if you are not in a formal environment, to use the word &lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/strong&gt; would be very very strange unless we are speaking of particular contexts like poetry, or if you are a biologist doing an investigation. Otherwise you would never use the word &lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/strong&gt; that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That doesn't mean that you can't use the word &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; when you are speaking about a large bird, you could say for instance &lt;em&gt;He visto un &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; enorme por allí&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;A Pablo le gustan los pájaros, ¡hasta tiene un águila!&lt;/em&gt;, or any other phrase that meets the context and circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to say is that it's not like a forbidden use of the word, it's just a matter of context. Not an easy one for someone learning the language though, since it's very relative and tied to the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18463/1674&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; saying that not all animals/things that fly are &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; is true. A &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;has to be&lt;/em&gt; an &lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/strong&gt;: a bat is a mammal so it's not a &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt;, likewise an aeroplane is a machine so it's not a &lt;strong&gt;pájaro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T06:21:01.000" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T06:21:01.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18490" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T11:14:25.723" Score="5" ViewCount="4454" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between 'marrón' and 'castaño'? Both seem to mean 'brown' (the color). Are they the same thing? Or do they have distinct differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T18:46:07.807" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T18:46:07.807" Title="What's the difference between 'marrón' and 'castaño'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18490" CreationDate="2016-10-22T11:56:31.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's one of those subjective things like: difference between purple and violet... Technically (in the printing business for example) there are several parameters that establish that this is purple, this is violet (the components of green, red and blue in the color, for example) but out in the streets a common person could use these two colors almost interchangeable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of marrón and castaño: for ME, castaño is brownish. Marrón is brown, but almost getting to the red part of the spectrum. But that is in my head. For others it could be different I guess.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13953" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T11:56:31.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T13:18:20.653" Score="4" ViewCount="2053" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &quot;wedding&quot; into Spanish. I have found four translations for that word, and I am studying the differences between them. From the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;boda&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Ceremonia mediante la cual se unen en matrimonio dos personas, y fiesta con que se celebra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;casamiento&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Referido al matrimonio, acción de casar o casarse.&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Contrato de matrimonio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;matrimonio&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Unión de hombre y mujer, concertada mediante ciertos ritos o formalidades legales, para establecer y mantener una comunidad de vida e intereses.&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Pareja unida en matrimonio. En este cuarto vive un matrimonio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nupcias&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Casamiento o boda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do they all mean the marriage ceremony? What is the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: They all refer to the marriage ceremony, &quot;matrimonio&quot; also means the couple, &quot;casamiento&quot; also means the contract.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T20:13:16.437" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T20:13:16.437" Title="Wedding in Spanish: &quot;boda&quot;, &quot;casamiento&quot;, &quot;matrimonio&quot; or &quot;nupcias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18493" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T13:54:32.857" Score="1" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando envío un email en español, muchas veces quisiera decir “I’m looking forward to” (ej., visitar Buenos Aires; asistir al congreso; recibir noticias suyas; enterarme de sus planes, etc.). ¿Cómo decirlo en una comunicación más formal que a familia y amigos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14030" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T14:19:47.940" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T14:19:47.940" Title="Cómo se dice &quot;I'm looking forward to&quot; en una comunicación más formal" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18488" CreationDate="2016-10-22T14:10:13.600" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE there is no possible confusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5WxK8ux&quot;&gt;bimensual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;bi-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mensual&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que se hace u ocurre dos veces al mes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5X2adpY&quot;&gt;bimestral&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que sucede o se repite cada bimestre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;bimensual&lt;/em&gt; is just twice a month, and &lt;em&gt;bimestral&lt;/em&gt; is once every two months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UssTNib&quot;&gt;quincenal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que sucede o se repite cada quincena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a synonym-ish (there can be a slight difference) of &lt;em&gt;bimensual&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T14:10:13.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18493" CreationDate="2016-10-22T14:18:59.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, mi opción sería decir &quot;estoy deseando&quot;. En un contexto formal es perfectamente válido, por poner un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy deseando comenzar a trabajar en su empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy deseando formar parte de vuestro equipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No suena ni informal ni demasiado rimbombante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T14:18:59.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T14:23:13.977" Score="4" ViewCount="898" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo traducimos estas oraciones al inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo un coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo el coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a car (general statement)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have one car (and not two, for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have the car (the car you already know about)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O no son completamente equivalentes? ¿Puede &quot;tengo un coche&quot; también significar &quot;I have a car&quot;? En inglés, no podemos usar &quot;I have the car&quot; sin contexto que describa que es el específico coche a que referimos. ¿El español funciona de la misma manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algo especial con la palabra &quot;coche&quot;? Alguien me ha dicho que para expresar &quot;I have a glass&quot; tengo que decir &quot;tengo un vaso&quot; y no &quot;tengo vaso&quot;. ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13874" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T17:09:47.847" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T12:37:51.607" Title="Diferencias entre el uso del artículo en español y en inglés" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2016-10-22T16:05:57.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'Diccionario de la Lengua Española'&lt;/a&gt;, there are several other words with the same meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;soldada&lt;/strong&gt;: Sueldo, salario o estipendio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estipendio&lt;/strong&gt;:  Paga o remuneración que se da a alguien por algún servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jornal&lt;/strong&gt;:  Estipendio que gana el trabajador por cada día de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paga&lt;/strong&gt;:   f. Sueldo de un empleado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:19:28.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18490" CreationDate="2016-10-22T16:44:05.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we use &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7qVigfP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;castaño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; only to refer to a brownish hair colour (see 3rd meaning in the DRAE: &lt;em&gt;dicho de una persona: que tiene el pelo de un color similar al de la cáscara de la castaña&lt;/em&gt;), and &lt;em&gt;marrón&lt;/em&gt; for everything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;castaño&lt;/em&gt; (as a colour) also appears in some expressions such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7qVigfP#0oQODPi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;esto pasa de castaño oscuro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T16:44:05.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-22T18:59:01.517" Score="1" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero entender en una manera sistemática diferencias entre la pasiva de proceso y la pasiva de estado. He hecho una lista con todos los tiempos, y con ser y estar, y he escrito lo que entiendo. ¿Podéis decirme si mis explicaciones son correctos, y responder a las preguntas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Presente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía recoge los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios son recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada, el mismo significado que 1, pero deenfatiza el agente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios están recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada, énfasis sólo en el resultado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía recogía los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada en un punto del pasado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios eran recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada en un punto del pasado, el mismo significado que 4, deenfatiza el agente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios estaban recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada en un punto del pasado, énfasis sólo en el resultado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito indefinido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía recogió los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada, ¿énfasis tanto en la acción como en el resultado?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios fueron recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada, el mismo significado que 7, deenfatiza el agente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios estuvieron recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿es correcto o no? ¿es diferente que 8?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía ha recogido los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿acción terminada o no?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios han sido recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿el mismo significado que 10? ¿también el mismo significado que 3? ¿3 enfatiza sólo el resultado, pero 11 enfatiza tanto la acción como el resultado?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios han estado recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿es correcto o no? ¿qué significa?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía había recogido los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada en un punto del pasado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habían sido recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿el mismo significado que 13? ¿el mismo significado que 6 pero enfatiza tanto la acción como el resultado?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habían estado recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿es correcto o no? ¿qué significa?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Futuro simple&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía recogerá los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada en un punto del futuro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios serán recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción no terminada en un punto del futuro, deenfatiza el agente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios estarán recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada en un punto del futuro, énfasis en el resultado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Futuro perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;19&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía habrá recogido los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada en un punto del futuro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habrán sido recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción terminada en un punto del futuro, ¿el mismo significado que 19 y 18? ¿énfasis tanto en el resultado como en la acción?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habrán estado recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿es correcto o no?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Condicional simple&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;22&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía recogería los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción hipotética no terminada)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios serían recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción hipotética no terminada, el mismo significado que 22, deenfatiza el agente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios estarían recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (acción hipotética terminada)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Condicional perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;25&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La policía habría recogido los testimonios.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿acción terminada?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habrían sido recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿el mismo significado que 25 y 24?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los testimonios habrían estado recogidos.&lt;/strong&gt; (¿es correcto o no?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13874" LastEditorUserId="13874" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T04:19:42.390" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T04:19:42.390" Title="Pasiva de proceso y pasiva de estado en diferentes tiempos" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-11-22T07:28:11.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2251" CreationDate="2016-10-22T21:24:34.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Very&lt;/em&gt; informal, but frequently used in Spain, in both contexts:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;¡Tranqui, tronco!&quot; (where &lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt; means 'buddy')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13560" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T08:31:09.893" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T08:31:09.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18490" CreationDate="2016-10-23T02:03:10.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, the usual meaning is that of color &quot;brown&quot;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in a technical setting, such as photography or professional printing, they may refer to different shades of brown, while &quot;marrón&quot; has a connotation of being a lighter shade of brown. (Pantone 18-1415 Marrón, and Pantone 19-1118 Chestnut) are the standard hues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O45Er.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O45Er.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cq9d7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cq9d7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In common speech, castaño is used for hair color, or hair dyes, much like &quot;brunette&quot; is used in English instead of brown. Spanish being so rich in vocabulary, has &quot;Bruna&quot; for referring to a woman of brown hair, but &quot;Bruno&quot; is actually a popular male proper name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while &quot;marrón&quot; is more frequently used to describe  colors in almost everything else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's when referring to materials in architecture or landscaping, you will find that &quot;marrón&quot; is often used instead of brown, as in &quot;la casa de puertas color marrón y ventanas rojas&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T02:03:10.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10175" CreationDate="2016-10-23T09:18:46.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The 'Diccionario de la Real Academia' defines&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G4DIP8Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eructar&lt;/a&gt; (the verb from which 'eructo' comes) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Expeler con ruido por la boca los gases del estómago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VjWD0tu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regoldar&lt;/a&gt; (the verb from which 'regüeldo' comes)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. &lt;strong&gt;Eructar&lt;/strong&gt; los gases del estómago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So they are synonyms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:45:35.433" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:45:35.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18508" CreationDate="2016-10-23T09:52:24.550" Score="2" ViewCount="1547" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=hit%20on#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; translates '&lt;strong&gt;tirar los tejos&lt;/strong&gt;' as '&lt;strong&gt;Hit on [somebody]&lt;/strong&gt;' ['flirt with, try to seduce'].   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKqOe21%7CZKrEmZx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Diccionario de la lengua española'&lt;/a&gt; defines '&lt;strong&gt;tirar los tejos&lt;/strong&gt;'  as:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Insinuarle a alguien el interés que se tiene puesto en él, o manifestarle indirectamente lo que de él se espera.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which seems to mean 'indirectly show interest or expectations', but it lacks any sexual connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, what does 'Tirar los tejos' really mean? &lt;strong&gt;Does it necessarily have a sexual connotation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T16:18:10.820" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T18:48:29.657" Title="What does 'tirar los tejos' mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18504" CreationDate="2016-10-23T10:30:21.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &lt;em&gt;to flirt&lt;/em&gt; with somebody. At least in Spain it has sexual connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tirar la caña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;parallelism with fishing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T18:48:29.657" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T18:48:29.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18504" CreationDate="2016-10-23T14:44:47.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/tirar_los_tejos&quot;&gt;wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; it means to show interest on a person and is only used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The origin seems to be a game called &lt;em&gt;tejo&lt;/em&gt; where you have to throw a piece of roof tile towards a stick to try to hit it down. The boy will throw the object in the direction of the female spectators to go and pick it up and use that excuse to go and talk to the ladies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression is not used in hispanoamerica (Argentina, Colombia, Guatemala, México, Puerto Rico, Venezuela) where we use &lt;em&gt;tirar/echar los perros&lt;/em&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T14:49:52.140" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T14:49:52.140" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18509" CreationDate="2016-10-23T18:25:07.333" Score="2" ViewCount="738" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to determine how to best translate the English phrases &lt;em&gt;&quot;Like I said [just now] ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;As we discussed [previously] ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which indicate that what follows has already been said at some point in the past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;As we talked about yesterday&lt;/strong&gt;, the cows are not producing milk.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;________?________, las vacas no producen leche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Like we discussed Tuesday&lt;/strong&gt;, we should burn all of the documents.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;________?________, deberíamos quemar todos de los documentos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Like I said&lt;/strong&gt; [just now], I don't want to buy your dirty socks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;________?________, no quiero comprar sus calcetines sucios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first guess, attempting a direct translation was something like:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Como discutimos ayer ...&quot;, etc&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Is &quot;como&quot; the right word to use here for &quot;as/like&quot;? Are there more idiomatic/natural ways of expressing this in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T09:25:34.767" Title="Idiomatic ways of saying &quot;As we talked about ...&quot; / &quot;Like I said ...&quot; / etc" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;idiomático&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18504" CreationDate="2016-10-23T18:45:30.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Means begin interested in someone and trying to pick up his/her attention, for anything. If I'm 'tirando los tejos' to someone, It can be understood as I'm interested for that person, mainly for my own &amp;amp; egoist interest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14035" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T18:45:30.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18507" CreationDate="2016-10-23T19:12:09.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any of the following translations are valid for each of your sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;As we talked about yesterday, the cows are not producing milk.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como ya hablamos ayer&lt;/em&gt;, las vacas no producen leche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Like we discussed Tuesday, we should burn all of the documents.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal y como discutimos el martes,&lt;/em&gt; deberíamos quemar todos los documentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Like I said [just now], I don't want to buy your dirty socks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como ya he dicho&lt;/em&gt;, no quiero comprar sus calcetines sucios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como ya le he dicho&lt;/em&gt;, no quiero comprar sus calcetines sucios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como le acabo de decir&lt;/em&gt;, no quiero comprar sus calcetines sucios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some differences between each form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como&lt;/em&gt;: The most neutral form to introduce a previous situation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como ya&lt;/em&gt;: It puts some emphasis to something that has already been introduced.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal y como&lt;/em&gt;: Totally interchangable with the previous one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite the little differences, the three are interchangable with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; as the formal way. Sometimes, to put emphasis might be taken as a provocation. Depends on the situation. So rather use the neutral one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T09:25:34.767" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T09:25:34.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18513" CreationDate="2016-10-23T19:26:59.207" Score="1" ViewCount="1832" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las series infantiles siguen siendo un filón de preguntas. En la serie de Blaze, en el doblaje español de España usan la expresión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dale caña a todo gas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en un momento de la canción de introducción. Fedorqui ya preguntó por el significado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14915/12637&quot;&gt;dar caña&lt;/a&gt; en otra pregunta, así que me centraré en la segunda parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IyS0m4t#5q7kSdF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el diccionario&lt;/a&gt;, la expresión significa &quot;a toda velocidad&quot;, pero ¿de dónde proviene la expresión? ¿Cuál y cuándo fue su origen? Más que nada me lo pregunto porque los coches no funcionan con gas, sino con gasolina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las alternativas que me planteo son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tiene que ver con la tercera acepción de &quot;gas&quot;: &quot;Mezcla de carburante y de aire que alimenta el motor de un vehículo automóvil.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es una traducción de alguna expresión inglesa, dado que &quot;gas&quot; en inglés es una forma abreviada de &quot;gasoline&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es más antigua de lo que parece y en su origen hacía referencia a un vehículo o aparato que funcionaba a gas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera opción casi podría parecer la opción obvia, pero como nunca se sabe...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T14:03:57.007" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;a todo gas&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19900" CreationDate="2016-10-24T08:37:38.777" Score="4" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por pura casualidad, he encontrado una palabra que podría dar respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17248/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que hice hace tiempo, pero que no es así porque la RAE no la recoge en el diccionario. Todo empezó a raíz del siguiente texto (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La condición necesaria para que se &lt;strong&gt;intersequen&lt;/strong&gt; el eje AP y la arista CD en el punto P es que el valor de lambda así obtenido esté comprendido entre 0 y 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resultó raro el verbo &lt;em&gt;intersecarse&lt;/em&gt;, ya que yo siempre he dicho &lt;em&gt;intersectarse&lt;/em&gt;, así que al principio pensé que sería un error, pero después de unos cuantos meses aquí uno ya ha aprendido a buscar en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lx2ACWO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intersecarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. intersecāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. &lt;em&gt;Geom.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de dos líneas, dos superficies o dos sólidos: Cortarse o cruzarse entre sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que el término viene desde el latín, y buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt; veo que está recogido desde 1787 en su forma &lt;em&gt;intersecar&lt;/em&gt; y desde 1803 como &lt;em&gt;intersecarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, aquí viene la incongruencia: en textos escritos (al menos en el último siglo) es mucho más usada la palabra &lt;em&gt;intersectar&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;intersecar&lt;/em&gt;. Lo podemos ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=intersectar%2Cintersecar&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cintersectar%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cintersecar%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tanto en Ngram&lt;/a&gt; como en el CREA y el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Palabra         CREA  CORDE&#xA;---------------------------------&#xA;Intersectar     2     0&#xA;Intersecar      0     0&#xA;---------------------------------&#xA;Intersectarse   2     0&#xA;Intersecarse    0     0&#xA;---------------------------------&#xA;Intersectan     11    1 (en 1935)&#xA;Intersecan      1     4 (3 en siglo XVI y 1 en el XIX)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: la tendencia es muy clara a usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;intersectar&lt;/em&gt;, debido muy probablemente al verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;intersect&lt;/em&gt;, más que a usar el muy arraigado &lt;em&gt;intersecar&lt;/em&gt;, y esta tendencia dura ya más de un siglo. Por tanto, ¿a qué espera la RAE para recoger &lt;em&gt;intersectar&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Durante cuánto tiempo debe aparecer una palabra en textos escritos para que la RAE recoja su uso? ¿Está tratando de evitar deliberadamente el extranjerismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: ni &lt;em&gt;intersectarse&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;intersecarse&lt;/em&gt; aparecen tampoco en el DPD, así que no tenemos posible explicación ni siquiera ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización: consultada la RAE, dice: &quot;El verbo con tradición de uso desde el siglo XVI es «intersecar» (lat. «intersecare»). «Intersectar» es más moderno pero, en efecto, es más frecuente en el uso actual. Remitiremos la sugerencia al Instituto de Lexicografía.&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/790869295177883648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tuit 1&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/790869667149733892&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tuit 2&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T01:28:35.497" Title="¿Durante cuántos años debe aparecer una palabra en textos escritos para que la RAE la recoja en el diccionario?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18525" CreationDate="2016-10-24T08:39:17.903" Score="5" ViewCount="336496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco vi en algún sitio la palabra &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt;. Esta palabra tiene muchas acepciones en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8mkVe0U&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chimba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del quechua chimba 'de la otra banda'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. coloq. Hond. Arma de fuego de fabricación artesanal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8mu3Gkt%7C8mwKk0u&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chimbo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, ba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De or. vasco.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. fest. bilbaíno (‖ natural de Bilbao). U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. P. Vasco. Nombre de varias especies de pájaros: alcaudón, colirrojo, curruca, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chimbo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, ba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una persona: De un pueblo amerindio que habitaba en la región central de los Andes ecuatorianos. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a los chimbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejemos de lado &lt;em&gt;chimbo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para centrarnos en su uso en Hispanoamérica. Por ello, añadamos lo que indica la web &lt;em&gt;asihablamos.com&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Chimba.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significado de Chimba en Latinoamérica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en Argentina Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Grasa, villero, de clase social baja. (en sentido despectivo). Expresión que margina, excluye, estigmatiza ciertas personas con características sociales distintas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Personas que les gusta escuchar cumbia villera, que se visten desprolijos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Callate chimba, sali chimba&lt;/em&gt; (es: sali mugriento, grasa, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en Colombia Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Puede significar dos cosas distintas dependiendo de la forma de decirlo (solo se puede distinguir al hablar) por ejm. &quot;que comida tan chimba&quot; puede ser que es muy buena (se puede usar bacana en lugar de chimba). O por el contrario que es pésima. Es tan extraña que incluso al hablar algunas veces toca preguntarle a la persona que quiere decir, si bueno o malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(bueno:) &lt;em&gt;fui a ese restaurante nuevo, que comida tan chimba, tengo que regresar a comer ahi.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (malo:) &lt;em&gt;que reloj tan chimbo, lo compré ayer y hoy ya no funciona.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en la web se refleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador: tanto bueno como malo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Honduras: arma de fuego (ya definido por el DRAE).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú: cabeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela: algo malo, pésimo, aburrido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, me pregunto: ¿cuál es su uso más extendido? ¿cómo puede haber evolucionado tanto para definir cosas opuestas incluso en el mismo país (Ecuador)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T08:00:08.400" Title="¿Por qué &quot;chimba&quot; es bueno en Colombia y malo en Argentina?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18510" CreationDate="2016-10-24T08:58:30.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es interesante notar que la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;gas&lt;/em&gt; en 1925 (visto a través del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt;) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. Carburo de hidrógeno con mezcla de otros gases, que se obtiene por la destilación en vasos cerrados del carbón de piedra y &lt;strong&gt;se emplea&lt;/strong&gt; para alumbrado o calefacción y &lt;strong&gt;para obtener fuerza motriz&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que hay expresiones similares en inglés (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=full%20throttle%2Cfull%20steam%2Cwide%20open%20throttle&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cfull%20throttle%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cfull%20steam%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cwide%20open%20throttle%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;véase comparativa en Ngram&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WOT - &lt;em&gt;wide-open throttle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;full throttle&lt;/em&gt;, muy común en los años 40&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;full steam&lt;/em&gt;, también común en los años 40 y también finales de los años 1910.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso castellano, &lt;em&gt;a todo gas&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=a%20todo%20gas&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ca%20todo%20gas%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ha ido creciendo&lt;/a&gt; en distintos momentos: finales de los 1960, finales de los 1970 y actualmente se registra su mayor uso desde siempre. Probablemente, su gran uso actual es debido a los libros de cine que hacen referencias a la serie de películas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filmaffinity.com/es/movie-group.php?group-id=6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fast &amp;amp; Furious&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, traducida en España como &lt;em&gt;A todo gas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un momento importante en el uso de la expresión en castellano es el uso en 1969 en una película protagonizada por Peret: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film559481.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Amor a todo gas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ver el título de esta película y comparar el gráfico es todo uno para (igual que con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12397/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar de rodríguez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) pensar que en los años 60 por algún motivo se popularizó esta expresión. A mi entender, es cuando se popularizó el coche en España y, por tanto, ir rápido con algún vehículo a motor empezó a cobrar sentido. De alguna forma entró esta expresión con fuerza y la película no hizo más que constatar su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hipótesis es que alguien incorporó las expresiones inglesas &lt;em&gt;full throttle&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;full steam&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;a todo gas&lt;/em&gt; y rápidamente se propagó, utilizando el término &lt;em&gt;gas&lt;/em&gt; que hacia mediados del siglo XX vimos que el DRAE recogía como elemento usado para obtener fuerza motriz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T09:16:14.640" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-24T09:28:19.857" Score="5" ViewCount="2918" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated summer into Spanish. What is the difference between &quot;estío&quot; and &quot;verano&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE says that estío is verano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: estío is used in poetry, verano in daily life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T09:37:06.370" LastActivityDate="2021-02-16T19:06:41.813" Title="What is summer in Spanish? &quot;Estío&quot; vs &quot;verano&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18514" CreationDate="2016-10-24T09:36:17.450" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are right: they are absolute synonyms. And you are again right saying &lt;em&gt;estío&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used in poetry: you would not find anybody using such word in a random, common conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is interesting to see the evolution of the usage of these words along time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=est%C3%ADo%2Cverano&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2015&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cest%C3%ADo%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Best%C3%ADo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BEst%C3%ADo%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cverano%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bverano%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BVerano%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cAOlJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick look to the list of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22est%C3%ADo%22&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;gws_rd=cr&amp;amp;ei=z9UNWMr0DoK0aYqOr9gF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;books using &lt;em&gt;estío&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; reveals a lot of poetry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T10:32:45.300" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T10:32:45.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18514" CreationDate="2016-10-24T09:46:46.893" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to complement &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18515/12637&quot;&gt;fedorqui's answer&lt;/a&gt;, it is interesting to note that when you use &quot;summer&quot; as an adjective (as in &quot;summer season&quot;), in Spanish the adjective &lt;em&gt;estival&lt;/em&gt; is more used than &lt;em&gt;veraniego/a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b6Cc5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b6Cc5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we can say &lt;em&gt;época &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gtt7xYk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estival&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, it does not sound too formal. But between &lt;em&gt;estío&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;verano&lt;/em&gt; as nouns, I agree with fedorqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T09:46:46.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18492" CreationDate="2016-10-24T10:19:26.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: the following may only apply in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matrimonio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the most generic word of them. It can be used for both the ceremony and the couple (from the DRAE: &quot;pareja unida en matrimonio&quot;). You can see this fact &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=boda%2Cmatrimonio%2Ccasamiento%2Cnupcias&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cboda%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bboda%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BBoda%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BBODA%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cmatrimonio%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bmatrimonio%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMatrimonio%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Ccasamiento%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcasamiento%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCasamiento%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cnupcias%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in Ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LlJIv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LlJIv.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ngram&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, &lt;em&gt;matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit too formal for oral expression. It appears mostly in the written expression, and that's why it appears the most in Ngram.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Boda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; refers just to the ceremony. It is most used in oral expression, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana es la boda de mi hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Casamiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the same as &lt;em&gt;boda&lt;/em&gt;, but it sounds odd to me. This is maybe the word that can suffer the most from regional differences, or even ethnical differences, because I can only remember a song that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy gitano y vengo a tu casamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- &quot;Soy gitano&quot;, by the Spanish &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7BVFreb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cantaor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Camarón de la Isla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nupcias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is (again) the same as &lt;em&gt;boda&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;casamiento&lt;/em&gt;, but it is more a kind of legal term, used only in expressions that note a second, third (and so on) marriage, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan y Maite se casaron en segundas nupcias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that for both of them it was the second time they got married. You can also say &quot;Juan se casó en terceras nupcias con Maite&quot;, meaning that it was the third time that Juan got married. It can also be used in poetic contexts, such as the message in the invitations to the wedding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan y Maite celebrarán sus nupcias en el Grand Hotel, se ruega confirmar asistencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On an aside note, it is interesting to see that de DRAE has a second meaning for &quot;matrimonio&quot; that reads: &quot;En determinadas legislaciones, &lt;em&gt;unión de dos personas del mismo sexo&lt;/em&gt;, concertada mediante ciertos ritos o formalidades legales, para establecer y mantener una comunidad de vida e intereses.&quot; The times, they are a-changin'...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T10:46:41.830" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T10:46:41.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18514" CreationDate="2016-10-24T10:53:35.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estío&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;verano&lt;/em&gt; are synonyms but &lt;em&gt;verano&lt;/em&gt; is more usual and colloquial.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Estío&lt;/em&gt; is more literary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14040" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T11:11:36.087" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T11:11:36.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18522" CreationDate="2016-10-24T11:05:09.273" Score="1" ViewCount="746" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vi un post de una amiga mía en Facebook. Era sobre su familia. Escribió algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi familia (fotógrafo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, escribió algo, pero no sé qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;las amo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;los amo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la amo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que es una palabra feminina, pero no estoy seguro de si hay que decir &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;la amo&lt;/em&gt;. Como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My family. I love them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:24:35.773" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:52:14.677" Title="What pronoun do you use to say &quot;My family. I love them&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18514" CreationDate="2016-10-24T11:20:02.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;VERANO is the commonly used word and ESTÍO is a very unusual way to refer to the summer, and its use is more appropriate for literature or poetry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14042" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:26:53.293" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:26:53.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8763" CreationDate="2016-10-24T11:28:50.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The previous answer is not correct for proper Spanish (e.g., Castilian Spanish from Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the regional modes used in some Latin American countries, especially in Central and North America, e.g. Mexico, &lt;em&gt;aljibe&lt;/em&gt; is the correct word to describe what in English is a bored water well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;pozo&lt;/em&gt; is a generic word that simply means 'hole in the ground', so it does not necessarily refer to a well unless it is accompanied by other words as in 'pozo de agua', which literally means 'hole of water' (which clearly refers to a water well).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But to call a well 'pozo' is technically incorrect; it is just an idiom, or deformation of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when a grave is dug at a cemetery, the workers are actually digging a 'pozo' (that is, a hole in the ground) that will be used for a grave (it is not a grave until a body is put in it).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Similarly, when someone is going to plant a tree, she/he has to make a 'pozo' in the ground to fit the roots of the tree. Conclusion: the only correct Spanish word to translate the English words 'water well' is aljibe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(PS: I am a native Spanish speaker with a masters degree involving linguistics from Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona).     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14043" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:23:50.403" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:23:50.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18519" CreationDate="2016-10-24T13:21:16.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I see, you want to know what to pronoun to use when translating &lt;em&gt;My family. I love them&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;em&gt;familia&lt;/em&gt; is a feminine, singular noun, the intuition makes us think that &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; should be the correct one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi familia. &lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; quiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this mentions family as a whole and you normally want to express the love for each and every member. For this reason, I do think that it is more idiomatic to use &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi familia. &lt;strong&gt;Los&lt;/strong&gt; quiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which matches what you do in English (&lt;em&gt;My family&lt;/em&gt; is singular, &lt;em&gt;I love them&lt;/em&gt; uses the plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:52:14.677" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:52:14.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2016-10-24T13:28:35.037" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jamás había escuchado &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; en Buenos Aires. Al parecer se empezó a usar en forma reciente con sentido despectivo solamente en una provincia de Argentina, Mendoza. Y es por referencia a un departamento de la provincia vecina, San Juan, según dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tiempodesanjuan.com/sanjuan/2015/11/2/mendoza-chimbas-mala-palabra-109923.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chimbas es uno de los departamentos más poblados de San Juan. Los primeros en asentarse en la comuna fueron inmigrantes chilenos y criollos desempleados que compraron tierras allí porque se vendían muy baratas debido a su escasa fertilidad. Como las tierras no eran aptas para el desarrollo agrícola fueron conceptuadas desde un principio peyorativamente, siendo ocupadas por sectores sociales de bajo nivel económico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; en Colombia y alrededores en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lafm.com.co/audios/bogota/05-07-12/significado-de-chimba-y-cacorr-115281&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;este audio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explican que quería decir originalmente &quot;la otra orilla del río&quot;, que de allí pasó a denominar &quot;el órgano genital femenino&quot;, y de allí puede pasar a significar algo malo o bueno según la carga emocional que se le quiera dar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:28:35.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18378" CreationDate="2016-10-24T13:41:25.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece haber una cierta confusión con respecto a este término. Por un lado, están los que citan a Covarrubias (incluyendo la versión actual del DRAE), que dicen que el término es &quot;cucaracha martín&quot;. Por otro lado, hay algunos que defienden que el término es &quot;cucaracha martina&quot;. Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/fichero-general&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE el término &quot;cucaracha&quot; hay notas en ambos bandos. Con respecto al segundo bando tenemos a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fernando Ortiz&lt;/a&gt;, nacido en Cuba en 1881, del cual hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_II_PDF/CUCARACHA/00000294.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una ficha&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) en la que se recoge lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Cuba decimos &quot;cucarachita martina&quot; a un personaje del folklore infantil. Es locución traída de Andalucía, donde se dice cariñosamente &quot;cucarachita martina&quot; a la &quot;mujer morena&quot; [hace referencia a la RAE aquí]. Pero debe de ser corrupción de &quot;cucarachita mandinga&quot;. Así se dice todavía hoy en Centro América y debió de decirse en todas las Españas cuando las correrías conquistadoras por Guinea e Indias, que bien pudo ser también la época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando &quot;cucarachita&quot; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; aparece por fin la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero su mina más productiva fué la custodia. Pedía por ésta cuarenta mil duros, y perdía plata, según él. Propuso al arzobispo Las Heras que la comprase para la Catedral de Lima; mas el coro de canónigos declaró que no estaba la cucarachita Martina para cintajos ni abalorios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ricardo Palma, &quot;Tradiciones peruanas, octava serie&quot;, Perú (1891)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me da la sensación de que se refiera a una mujer morena aquí. En todo caso, es probable que la expresión en realidad fuese &quot;cucarachita Martina&quot;, si es cierto que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabelotodo.org/literatura/infantil/cucarachitamartina.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el cuento&lt;/a&gt; tiene un origen antiguo (tal y como afirma &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=STjcB_f7CVcC&amp;amp;pg=PA155&amp;amp;dq=%22cucarachita%20martina%22#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22cucarachita%20martina%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;la fuente&lt;/a&gt; de JMVanPelt) y que fuese conocido en siglo XVI, o que sea una corrupción de &quot;mandinga&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OA2fQbK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mandinga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: De un pueblo que habita en el Senegal, Costa de Marfil, Guinea, Guinea-Bisáu y Malí. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a los mandingas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término vendría originado en la época de la esclavitud negra en España, como afirma el propio Fernando Ortiz en &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_II_PDF/CUCARACHA/00000295.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;esta otra ficha&lt;/a&gt; (PDF). Pero entonces originalmente pudo tener un sentido peyorativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la teoría de que en realidad era &quot;cucaracha Martín&quot;, lo único que existe es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.historicalsoundscapes.com/evento/325/sevilla/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una referencia a una canción popular callejera&lt;/a&gt; del siglo XVI y con origen en Sevilla, que decía &quot;cucaracha Martín cuán pulidica andáis&quot;. No parece fácil encontrar una conexión, dado que aquí &quot;Martín&quot; hacía referencia a Lutero. En todo caso, &quot;pulidica&quot; aquí significaría &quot;adornada, hermosa&quot; según los diccionarios de la época, lo que deja lugar a la interpretación: es posible que la expresión pasara a designar una mujer hermosa morena de pelo, dado el color de las cucarachas y el adjetivo &quot;pulidica&quot; que acompañaba a la canción. Es incluso posible que si para entonces ya existía el cuento de la cucaracha Martina, que lo de &quot;cucaracha Martín&quot; fuese un juego de palabras basado en el cuento. Y así todo estaría conectado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: los orígenes de la expresión no están demasiado claros, pero se pueden hacer conjeturas. Habría que ver cuál podría ser el origen del cuento de la cucaracha Martina para darle un poco de coherencia a todo, aunque es interesante notar que ambas ramas parecen apuntar al mismo sitio: Andalucía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T13:50:53.133" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T13:50:53.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2016-10-24T14:34:01.357" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me limitaré a dar la mitad de la respuesta que corresponde a Colombia. Para la Argentina ver la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18512/por-qu%C3%A9-chimba-es-bueno-en-colombia-y-malo-en-argentina/18523#18523&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; de rsanchez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición sencilla en Colombia es que Chimba/o se refiere al órgano sexual femenino/masculino&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ver entre otros:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - El Bogotálogo o &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español bogotano, por Andrés Ospina. Editado por el Instituto Distrital de Patrimonio Cultural&lt;/em&gt; pag 58 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://issuu.com/elblogotazo/docs/bogotalogo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=cgDRODrDR5UC&amp;amp;pg=PA69&amp;amp;lpg=PA69&amp;amp;dq=una%20chimba&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=uiRNEA-SgN&amp;amp;sig=IupnBRMA8XeQuv9u_FscA9LePn4&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=una%20chimba&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Unique Paisa-English Dictionary pag 70&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente a partir de ahí aparecen varias acepciones y usos, todos vulgares, coloquiales, no muy elegantes y nada recomendados para situaciones formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usualmente&lt;/strong&gt; el femenino se usa para expresiones positivas y el masculino para expresiones negativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Femenino&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Excelente: Es la palabra favorita de Juanes para expresar que algo es lo máximo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Colombia es una &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; la hp!&#xA;ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNfNvep9ZSk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNfNvep9ZSk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Que &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt;!, me gané el Grammy.&#xA;ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/paQRXvbH0OU?t=16s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/paQRXvbH0OU?t=16s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bonita/o:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18474/en-colombia-qu%C3%A9-es-una-pelada-o-peladita&quot;&gt;peladita&lt;/a&gt; es una &lt;em&gt;chimbita&lt;/em&gt;. = Esa jovencita es muy bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; de carro! / ¡Qué carro tan &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt;! = Ese automóvil es muy bonito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nunca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prestame 20 lucas (sin tilde) = ¿Me puedes prestar veinte mil pesos? = can you lend me COP$20000?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Prestame? ¡&lt;em&gt;la chimba&lt;/em&gt;! = ¿qué? ¡nunca! = what? No way!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los últimos 20 lucas que te presté nunca me los pagaste. Yo a vos no te presto &lt;em&gt;ni chimba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por un pelo/de pura suerte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uy, casi estrello el carro del cucho. Me salvé de &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt;. = Estuve a punto de dañar el automóvil de mi padre pero evité el accidente por milímetros.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Masculino&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Falso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese reloj es &lt;em&gt;chimbo&lt;/em&gt;. (ese reloj es falso) That watch is a fake/rip-off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese cheque le salió &lt;em&gt;chimbo&lt;/em&gt; = Ese cheque no tenía fondos y no lo pudo cobrar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Malo, aburrido, inútil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que trabajo tan &lt;em&gt;chimbo&lt;/em&gt; = Este trabajo que estoy haciendo no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El almuerzo estuvo &lt;em&gt;rechimbo&lt;/em&gt;. = El almuerzo estuvo muy pero muy mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El técnico no supo qué jugadores llamar a la selección. ¡¡&lt;em&gt;Rechimbo&lt;/em&gt; ese técnico!! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Derivados.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chimbiar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Molestar, irritar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2: Perder el tiempo en tareas inútiles o improductivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chimbada:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   1. Cosa o situación sin valor o sin importancia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   2. Expresión de frustración. &lt;em&gt;¡Qué chimbada! Perdí el examen de matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=cgDRODrDR5UC&amp;amp;pg=PA69&amp;amp;lpg=PA69&amp;amp;dq=una%20chimba&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=uiRNEA-SgN&amp;amp;sig=IupnBRMA8XeQuv9u_FscA9LePn4&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=una%20chimba&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(otros ejemplos)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T08:00:08.400" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T08:00:08.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18445" CreationDate="2016-10-24T16:09:45.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como iba diciendo en los comentarios, como ya anotó Carlos Alejo y aún sin tener una referencia clara de la RAE, la causa que veo más probable es tan simple como que una palabra sobresdrújula no es precisamente cómoda a la hora de hablar, y de hecho, no existen sustantivos sobresdrújulos en español, y para esto sí tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=xwnL0rH8RD6olZ8prm#12d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una referencia directa de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(1.2) d)&lt;/strong&gt; Las palabras sobresdrújulas son aquellas en las que es tónica alguna de las sílabas anteriores a la antepenúltima: &lt;em&gt;CÓmetelo, haBIÉNdosenos, LLÉvesemela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En español solo son sobresdrújulas las palabras compuestas de una forma verbal y dos o tres pronombres enclíticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que solo se aceptan palabras sobresdrújulas en las construcciones en las que se unen al verbo dos o tres pronombres (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronombres enclíticos&lt;/a&gt;), no hay más palabras sobresdrújulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto queda claro por qué se desplaza el acento al añadir la última silaba para formar el plural, ya que si dejáramos el acento en su posición original, dichas palabras acabarían siendo sobresdrújulas, que no están permitidas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aunque el texto no explica la razón de todo esto, creo que al intentar decir en voz alta &lt;em&gt;régimenes&lt;/em&gt; en medio de una frase, queda bastante claro que ralentiza al hablar y es incómodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya dije en los comentarios, buscando en Google llegué a &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/plurales-irregulares.813878/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta discusión de los foros de la página WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, en la que entre otros comentarios argumentan que este cambio en la silaba tónica ya se daba en el latín con otras palabras, y precisamente con las palabras que se dan como ejemplo en la pregunta original:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espécimen (español) - Specimen (latín)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Régimen - Regimen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carácter - Character&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas ellas sufren el mismo desplazamiento en la tónica cuando se forma el plural tanto en español como en latín, lenguaje que, que yo sepa, no tenía tildes como las conocemos en el español, pero obviamente sí tenía acentos a la hora de entonar que es donde se notaría dicho cambio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Incluso &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, aún cuando su plural no formaría una sobresdrújula, sufre ese cambio, para lo cual no tengo respuesta aparte de que el español lo heredaría del latín y los romanos a saber porque hicieron ese cambio(en hilo nombrado y enlazado se aducen algunas posibles razones, pero bueno, eso ya cada uno que lo lea y se forme su propia opinión al respecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el cambio de tónica se produciría primero para no formar palabras sobresdrújulas, y segundo por herencia directa del latín.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Desde luego no puedo asegurar a ciencia cierta la razón de esta negativa a las palabras sobresdrújulas, pero sinceramente, bastaría con la herencia del latín, y realmente las palabras sobresdrújulas son incomodas de pronunciar(aunque esto es relativo por supuesto, seguramente habrán varios idiomas con ejemplos de palabras largas con acentos en las primeras silabas, pero para un español, es muy raro). No creo que haya mucho más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T11:45:04.847" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T11:45:04.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2016-10-24T20:27:02.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La clave está en la &lt;em&gt;hipotética&lt;/em&gt; pregunta a la que responde cada una de las frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Necesitas coche para venir?&#xA; &lt;em&gt;No gracias, ya &lt;strong&gt;tengo coche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos coches tienes?&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;un coche&lt;/strong&gt; solamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién de vosotros tenía el coche?&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Yo tengo &lt;strong&gt;el coche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tus ejemplos con &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt; son correctos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a car (&lt;strong&gt;indeterminado&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have one car (&lt;strong&gt;numeral&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have the car (&lt;strong&gt;determinado o específico&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puede &quot;tengo un coche&quot; también&#xA;  significar &quot;I have a car&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, siempre y cuando, siga siendo indeterminado. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;un coche&lt;/strong&gt; que es una maravilla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguimos sin determinar. No sabemos cuántos tengo. Ni cuál de ellos es una maravilla. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí es cierto que, cuando usamos &lt;em&gt;'un'&lt;/em&gt;, estamos haciendo referencia a &lt;em&gt;un candidato de varios&lt;/em&gt; posibles, &lt;strong&gt;pero seguimos sin determinar&lt;/strong&gt; cuál.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprobación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Tienes&lt;/strong&gt; coche?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Sí, tengo un coche que es una maravilla&lt;/em&gt; (ok)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuántos&lt;/strong&gt; coches tienes?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;tengo un coche que es una maravilla&lt;/em&gt; (ko)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién de vosotros tenía &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; coche?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Yo tengo un coche que es una maravilla&lt;/em&gt; (ko)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11977" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditorDisplayName="user11977" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T21:28:10.307" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T21:28:10.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18532" CreationDate="2016-10-24T20:42:32.450" Score="1" ViewCount="1590" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado unos ejercicios de ser y estar (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ecoles.cfwb.be/arapseraing/Cours/Espagnol/8.%20Ser%20y%20estar.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace a un pdf&lt;/a&gt;). El numeral 25 del ejercicio número 1 es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elige entre ser o estar y conjuga.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puerta ... (ser/estar) abierta por el camarero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta dice que es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puerta &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; abierta por el camarero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué la solución es con &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;?&#xA;¿No es una situación temporal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14051" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:34:29.160" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;La puerta 'es' abierta por el camarero&quot; y no 'está'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-24T21:19:55.583" Score="6" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nitpick#English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; defines '&lt;strong&gt;nitpick&lt;/strong&gt;' as  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;To correct minutiae or find fault in unimportant details; to kvetch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found several translations, but I'm not sure at all of which to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fijarse en pequeñeces, criticar cualquier cosa por inconsecuente que&#xA;  sea, encontrar errores por todas partes, poner atención a cosas&#xA;  inconsecuentes, preocuparse en exceso de detalles inconsecuentes, ser&#xA;  demasiado escrupuloso  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Criticar por gusto, criticar por cosas inconsecuentes  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sacarle faltas a todo; buscarle tres pies al gato&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;encontrarle tres pies al gato&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ser un tiquismiquis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[Ar] encontrarle la quinta pata al gato, encontrarle el pelo al huevo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With so many different translations, it seems that none fits exactly, and that there may be regional differences. What would be the most commonly used? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally: &lt;strong&gt;what would be the translation for the &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt; ('a nitpick')?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:42:10.900" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:42:10.900" Title="What would be a good translation of 'nitpick'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-10-24T21:43:09.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go for &lt;strong&gt;quisquilloso&lt;/strong&gt;, since it matches the meaning and it is used quite commonly (at least in Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UwnSlDz&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quisquilloso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. &lt;strong&gt;Que se para en quisquillas (‖ pequeñeces&lt;/strong&gt;). U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Demasiado delicado en el trato común. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Fácil de agraviarse u ofenderse con pequeña causa o pretexto. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I know you are looking for a noun and this is an adjective but you can easily say &lt;em&gt;eres un quisquilloso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the references you write in your question, there is another one I would use for this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZpqQlna&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiquismiquis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Tb. tiquis miquis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. macarrónico tichi michi, alterac. del lat. mediev. tibi, michi 'para ti, para mí'; en lat. tibi, mihi.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. pl. &lt;strong&gt;Escrúpulos o reparos vanos o de poquísima importancia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. pl. coloq. Expresiones o dichos ridículamente corteses o afectados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. y f. Persona que hace o dice tiquismiquis. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WordReference mentions many possible &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/quisquilloso&quot;&gt;synonyms to quisquilloso&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cascarrabias&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delicado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enojadizo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;escrupuloso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;meticuloso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;minucioso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;picajoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provocador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;puntilloso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reparón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sermoneador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;susceptible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe I am a bit &lt;em&gt;quisquilloso&lt;/em&gt;, but none of them satisfies me: they lose part of the meaning (feel free to ask about any of them if you want clarifications).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T08:38:46.833" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T08:38:46.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-10-25T06:50:51.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos transitivos ser y estar, son particularmente complicados para quienes aprenden castellano cuando su lengua nativa es el inglés, ya que en este idioma solo hay un verbo transitivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El truco es que el castellano hace la distinción de quién realiza la acción del verbo y quién es afectado por esa acción a través de los dos verbos transitivos &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, que solo transmiten la acción del verbo principal de la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La regla de oro es recordar que los objetos inanimados generalmente &lt;em&gt;Están*&lt;/em&gt; mientras que las personas y en general los seres animados pueden ser o estar por sí mismos cuando sus acciones recaen sobre ellos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entonces sí aplica la regla acerca de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser = estado permanente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar = estado temporal. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso es importante saber en quién recae la acción del verbo y quién la realiza. Al decir &lt;em&gt;la puerta está abierta&lt;/em&gt;, en efecto se trata del estado temporal de la puerta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al añadir &lt;em&gt;por el camarero&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos un sujeto animado que realiza la acción sobre la puerta en el tiempo presente de la oración. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir &lt;em&gt;la puerta es abierta&lt;/em&gt;, necesariamente implica que alguien la está abriendo, ¿quién? En este caso, &lt;em&gt;el camarero&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no pudiésemos mencionar quién realiza la acción, para que la frase sea correcta podríamos decir &quot;la puerta está siendo abierta&quot; dejando tácito o implícito que hay alguien realizando la acción sobre la puerta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(* hay excepciones en cuanto al contexto o dominio en el que estamos hablando.  En una discusión sobre la segunda ley de Newton por ejemplo, un objeto inanimado muy bien puede ser quien realiza una acción sobre otro objeto inanimado) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The  transitive verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, are particularly tricky to those learning spanish whose native language is english, because english has only one transitive verb: to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is to remember that in spanish we can make a distinction between who carries out the verb's action and who is affected by it, through the transitive verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule of thumb is that inanimate objects generally &quot;&lt;em&gt;estan&lt;/em&gt;&quot; since they can't act out a verb in an of themselves, while on the other hand, animate subjects such as people, animals (and in a real and metaphorical way, nature say a storm or typhoon) can carry out a verb's action in an of themselves, and ALSO be subject o the action of another animate subject in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, while a door can only &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; abierta by itself, if there is another subject, (el camarero) who is inflicting the verb &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; on the door. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason we could not see or say who is opening the door, we can leave it as an implicit subject, not mentioned in the sentence, but foreshadowed by the presence of both transitive verbs: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;La puerta esta siendo abierta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; lets us know that someone is opening the door, while not mentioning him explicitly, and it would be absurd to think the door opens by its own will. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are nuances though, depending on context as always: In a Physics discussion about Newton's 2nd law you may refer to inanimate objects as if they were capable of inflicting actions on another animate objects, much like nature, while being inanimate itself, in certain events is referred to as an animate subject, that can ser or estar by itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T04:31:35.617" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T04:31:35.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-10-25T06:53:47.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, just a nitpick to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18531/12637&quot;&gt;fedorqui's answer&lt;/a&gt; :-) The first word I thought of when reading &quot;nitpick&quot; was &lt;em&gt;puntilloso&lt;/em&gt; (a word that he discarded). In Spanish we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UgE1IxP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puntilloso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;puntillo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-oso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que es muy &lt;strong&gt;minuciosa y concienzuda&lt;/strong&gt;, a veces &lt;strong&gt;hasta la exageración&lt;/strong&gt;, en lo que hace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Suspicaz, quisquilloso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But once again, this is an adjective and not a noun, and it is applied to a person (as is &lt;em&gt;tiquismiquis&lt;/em&gt;). For a word that could apply to define the minor correction itself, I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OxbxPcl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;menudencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;menudo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-encia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pequeñez de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Exactitud, esmero y escrupulosidad con que se considera y reconoce algo, sin omitir lo más menudo y leve&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cosa de poco aprecio y estimación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SWXT6Iv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pequeñez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de pequeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Infancia, corta edad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Cosa de poco momento, de leve importancia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;a nitpick&quot; could be &quot;una pequeñez, una menudencia&quot; or even &quot;una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PKdGCwn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;minucia&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. As for the verb, it is not present in the DRAE and is very little used as it is an invented verb, but you could use &lt;em&gt;minuciosear&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como en el Santiago Bernabéu, aunque con menos cámaras encima para &lt;strong&gt;minuciosear&lt;/strong&gt; su reacción, Caparrós se estiró de los pelos cuando el colegiado le perdonó la expulsión a Jonny.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.superdeporte.es/levante/2014/03/15/sigue-levante-celta-directo/220076.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T09:52:56.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T07:16:19.663" Score="2" ViewCount="6806" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una pregunta de matemáticas, para variar. Veo que en la literatura se habla de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_sexagesimal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;grado sexagesimal&lt;/a&gt;&quot; para medir ángulos en una circunferencia, en oposición al grado centesimal y a los radianes. Extraído del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En construcción mecánica se utiliza corrientemente como unidad de ángulos el grado sexagesimal, igual a 1/90 del ángulo recto. El grado sexagesimal se indica abreviadamente por °. Se utilizan también, para la medición de ángulos con precisión de fracciones de grado, los submúltiplos de éste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Segundo Estévez Somolinos, &quot;La medición en el taller mecánico. Tomo I. Instrumentos de medida y su uso.&quot; España, 1961.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_sexagesimal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sistema sexagesimal&lt;/a&gt; es aquel que emplea como base aritmética el número 60, mientras que una circunferencia tiene 360 grados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el empleo de &quot;minuto sexagesimal&quot; y &quot;segundo sexagesimal&quot;, ya que un grado se divide en 60 minutos, y un minuto en 60 segundos. En otros idiomas parece que se emplea simplemente &quot;grado&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;inglés&lt;/a&gt;, francés, portugués, en inglés de hecho hablan de que para dividir un grado se puede usar el sistema sexagesimal, pero no trata al grado en sí como sexagesimal), aunque en otros sí que hablan también de &quot;grado sexagesimal&quot; (italiano, alemán). ¿De dónde viene el referirse a algo que es la 1/360 parte de algo como &quot;sexagesimal&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T22:38:34.207" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;grado sexagesimal&quot; si la circunferencia tiene 360 grados y no 60?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18534" CreationDate="2016-10-25T07:32:22.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque el grado se divide en 60 partes iguales, no por los grados que tenga la circunferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_sexagesimal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un grado sexagesimal es el ángulo central subtendido por un arco cuya longitud es igual a 1/360 de la circunferencia. &#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El grado sexagesimal, como unidad del sistema de medida de ángulos sexagesimal, está definido partiendo de que un ángulo recto tiene 90° (90 grados sexagesimales), y sus divisores: el minuto sexagesimal y el segundo sexagesimal, están definidos del siguiente modo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 ángulo recto = 90° (grados sexagesimales).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1 grado sexagesimal = 60′ (minutos sexagesimales).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1 minuto sexagesimal = 60″ (segundos sexagesimales).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y según el Diccionario de la Lengua Española:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XkoGZcZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sexagesimal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Mat. Dicho de un sistema de numeración o de cómputo: &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene como base la división de la unidad en sesenta partes iguales.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:44:23.140" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:44:23.140" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18536" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T07:43:59.753" Score="5" ViewCount="4319" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression '&lt;strong&gt;te conozco, bacalao&lt;/strong&gt;' appears in the  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4jHz5SC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; as:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. coloq. Usada para indicar que se conocen las intenciones o el modo de actuar de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know the origin, and why 'bacalao' was chosen instead of any other word? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:43:32.123" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:43:32.123" Title="Where does the expression 'te conozco, bacalao' come from?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18539" CreationDate="2016-10-25T09:50:18.063" Score="4" ViewCount="2744" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace pocos días, en Meta de Stack Overflow en Español, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/q/945/83&quot;&gt;alguien comentó&lt;/a&gt; que no debería corregir a alguien si yo cometo fallos en mi redacción. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/28985/jfreechart-into-jsplitpanel-using-netbeans#comment46696_28985&quot;&gt;ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; del que hablo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bienvenida a SOesp. &lt;strong&gt;Éste&lt;/strong&gt; es el sitio Stack Overflow en español. Has de editar tu pregunta y dejarla en español o será cerrada. También has de especificar más: poner algo de codigo que tengas, cosas que has intentado/descartado, ... etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los comentarios de mi &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/a/947/83&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; dicen que &quot;Éste es el sitio&quot; no debería llevar tilde porque no es un pronombre (yo creo que lo es).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber: &lt;strong&gt;¿qué hay mal en mi frase?, ¿qué puedo mejorar?&lt;/strong&gt; Y respecto a los demostrativos/pronombres, &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es la normativa actual respecto a estas palabras?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14055" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T11:52:20.683" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T15:01:39.833" Title="¿Cuándo se debe acentuar el pronombre &quot;este&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;pronombres-demostrativos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-10-25T10:40:06.140" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no debe llevar tilde. Lo recomendado por la RAE es escribir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el sitio Stack Overflow en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Éste&lt;/s&gt; es el sitio Stack Overflow en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta hace no demasiado tiempo, existía la regla por la que se ponía una tilde con función de desambiguación. Sin embargo, la RAE indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-adverbio-solo-y-los-pronombres-demostrativos-sin-tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos, sin tilde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;, tanto cuando es adverbio y equivale a solamente (&lt;em&gt;Solo llevaba un par de monedas en el bolsillo&lt;/em&gt;) como cuando es adjetivo (&lt;em&gt;No me gusta estar solo&lt;/em&gt;), así como los demostrativos este, ese y aquel, con sus femeninos y plurales, funcionen como pronombres (&lt;em&gt;Este es tonto; Quiero aquella&lt;/em&gt;) o como determinantes (&lt;em&gt;aquellos tipos, la chica esa&lt;/em&gt;), no deben llevar tilde según las reglas generales de acentuación, bien por tratarse de palabras bisílabas llanas terminadas en vocal o en -s, bien, en el caso de aquel, por ser aguda y acabar en consonante distinta de n o s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase la cita a la función histórica (sigo citando la página antes enlazada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aun así, las reglas ortográficas anteriores prescribían el uso de tilde diacrítica en el adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos para distinguirlos, respectivamente, del adjetivo solo y de los determinantes demostrativos, cuando en un mismo enunciado eran posibles ambas interpretaciones y podían producirse casos de ambigüedad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) Por eso, &lt;strong&gt;a partir de ahora se podrá prescindir de la tilde en estas formas incluso en casos de ambigüedad. La recomendación general es, pues, la de no tildar nunca estas palabras.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que es una recomendación, no una regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recomiendo la lectura completa del artículo, pues rompe con la forma de pensar de los que estudiamos la lengua hace unos cuantos años (no muchos, que soy joven :D).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como apuntamos en los comentarios y Carlos Alejo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18540/1674&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE aún mantiene referencias al uso de la tilde para resolver ambigüedades. Por ejemplo, en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GoCiPnl%7CGoDU5PI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Del lat. iste, -a, -ud 'ese2'.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;En aceps. 6-10 las formas este y esta, y sus plurales respectivos, &lt;strong&gt;pueden escribirse con acento (éste, ésta, etc.) cuando existe riesgo de ambigüedad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde las acepciones de la 6 a la 10 son las correspondientes a los pronombres demostrativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no deberíamos tenerlo en cuenta, tal y como explica &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/4182/guifa&quot;&gt;guifa&lt;/a&gt; en los comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tened en cuenta que la nueva Ortografía que suprimió terminantemente las tildes en los demostrativos salió en 2010, frente al DPD que salió en 2005. Por eso, en caso de conflicto entre las dos obras, debemos seguir la Ortografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lecturas complementarias al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17599/1674&quot;&gt;El adverbio “solo” y los pronombres demostrativos sin tilde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Artículo completo de la Ortografía de la lengua española &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fuDhAkNQKJLicUVg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;3.4.3.3 La tilde diacrítica en el adverbio&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;em&gt;y en los pronombres demostrativos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, muy parecido a la entrada descrita antes (&lt;em&gt;El adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos, sin tilde&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo al caso que nos ocupa, &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; tampoco en el pasado habría necesitado del uso de tilde, pues no hay ambigüedad alguna: te estás refiriendo a &lt;em&gt;Stack Overflow en español&lt;/em&gt; y no hay ningún otro nombre al que puedas estar refiriéndote al usar &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el texto completo, me suena algo forzado. ¿Lo tradujiste de la versión inglesa? Yo diría algo así como...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenida a Stack Overflow en español, donde la pregunta debe utilizar este idioma. De lo contrario, será cerrada. También deberías adjuntar el código que tengas, así como todo aquello que hayas intentado/descartado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:51:57.147" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-10-25T10:41:54.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente hay que ponerse un poco tiquismiquis para responder a tu pregunta, aunque creo que es importante dejar clara la postura de la RAE al respecto de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ#321&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tildes en pronombres&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los demostrativos este, ese y aquel, con sus femeninos y plurales, pueden ser pronombres [...]. Sea cual sea la función que desempeñen, los demostrativos siempre son tónicos y pertenecen, por su forma, al grupo de palabras que deben escribirse sin tilde según las reglas de acentuación [...]. Por lo tanto, solo cuando en una oración exista riesgo de ambigüedad porque el demostrativo pueda interpretarse en una u otra de las funciones antes señaladas, el demostrativo llevará obligatoriamente tilde en su uso pronominal. Así, en una oración como la del ejemplo siguiente, únicamente la presencia o ausencia de la tilde en el demostrativo permite interpretar correctamente el enunciado: &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué compraron aquéllos libros usados?&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;aquéllos&lt;/em&gt; es el sujeto de la oración); &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué compraron aquellos libros usados?&lt;/em&gt; (el sujeto de esta oración no está expreso, y &lt;em&gt;aquellos&lt;/em&gt; acompaña al sustantivo libros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en tu caso no parece haber lugar a duda, luego debería haberse escrito sin tilde. Sin embargo, tal y como dice el artículo enlazado por fedorqui en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18539/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;los casos reales en los que se produce una ambigüedad que el contexto comunicativo no es capaz de despejar son raros y rebuscados, y siempre pueden evitarse por otros medios&quot;, así que en la práctica puedes escribirlo siempre sin tilde directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pusiste &lt;em&gt;código&lt;/em&gt; sin tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es redundante poner puntos suspensivos junto a un &lt;em&gt;etc&lt;/em&gt;. O uno u otro, pero no ambos. Si pones puntos suspensivos deben ir pegados al último sustantivo, sin necesidad de coma: &lt;em&gt;poner algo de codigo que tengas, cosas que has intentado/descartado...&lt;/em&gt; Si pones &lt;em&gt;etc&lt;/em&gt; debe llevar punto al ser una abreviatura: &lt;em&gt;poner algo de codigo que tengas, cosas que has intentado/descartado, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T10:51:25.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18536" CreationDate="2016-10-25T14:23:02.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La aparición más antigua que he encontrado de la expresión ha sido en la hemeroteca del diario ABC (un recurso bastante interesante para este tipo de menesteres, ya que tienen escaneados todos los ejemplares desde sus inicios). Concretamente en la edición de la mañana del &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1923/06/17/018.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;17 de junio de 1923&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Policía descubrió un comercio ilícito de bacalao que se vendía en los barrios altos a peseta el kilo, razonable precio antaño, inverosímil hogaño, por haber pasado a ser plato de príncipes y magnates. Por cierto que la mercancía procedía de Cáceres, que no es precisamente Escocia, con lo que resulta que la Policía podrá decir en lo sucesivo: Te conozco, bacalao, aunque vengas extremeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente aparición es en la edición del &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1960/12/02/031.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;2 de diciembre de 1960&lt;/a&gt;, un artículo que precisamente se llama &quot;¡Te conozco, bacalao!&quot;. En este artículo se explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal dice el dicho, porque el bacalao es manjar de fuerte sabor que necesita de aderezos y disfraces para hacerse apetitoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el dicho hay que entenderlo en principio de forma literal para conocer su origen, dadas las características del bacalao y dado que seguramente muchos sitios intentarían vender bacalao como un pez de más calidad a base de aderezos. Sería una expresión de origen similar, pues, a la de &lt;em&gt;dar gato por liebre&lt;/em&gt;. Si te fijas, en el artículo de 1923 se habla de que el bacalao pasó a ser un plato de ricos cuando antes lo era de pobres dado su fuerte sabor (de ahí el aumento de precio del que hablan). El origen del dicho habrá que buscarlo seguramente en el siglo XIX, o principios del XX como muy tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, en algún momento (ignoro cuándo) el dicho pasaría a tener un sentido más figurado, resultando fácil la conexión entre &quot;un pez malo adornado como uno bueno&quot; a &quot;una persona mala adornada como buena&quot;. A fin de cuentas, según el diccionario, hasta finales del siglo XIX la palabra &quot;bacalao&quot; designaba también a una &quot;persona flaca y seca de carnes&quot; (DRAE, edición de 1884, en la edición de 1899 esta acepción ya ha desaparecido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T14:23:02.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18543" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T14:40:21.410" Score="5" ViewCount="955" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated both &quot;shovel&quot; and &quot;spade&quot; into Spanish and I got the same result: &quot;pala&quot;. Is my translation wrong? How do Spanish people differentiate between them (one word for two different things)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An image with the differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ObJP2.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ObJP2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Shovel and spade&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And an article explaining the differences: &lt;a href=&quot;http://gardeningproductsreview.com/shovel-vs-spade-whats-difference/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://gardeningproductsreview.com/shovel-vs-spade-whats-difference/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia articles: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spade&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spade&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shovel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shovel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T18:42:44.750" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T03:27:16.383" Title="&quot;Shovel&quot; and &quot;spade&quot;, are both translated as &quot;pala&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18543" CreationDate="2016-10-25T15:40:50.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer&lt;/strong&gt;: We usually don't differentiate them, and when we do, we are likely to say something like &amp;quot;the pointy shovel&amp;quot; instead of calling a spade a spade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer and justification&lt;/strong&gt;: According to the wikipedia article for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shovel#Types&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Shovel&lt;/a&gt;, a spade is a type of shovel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A general category of shovels tailored to digging hard ground that must be broken with substantial force before it can be moved. Most spades have sharp or nearly sharp edges, often shaped as triangular points. (The typographical spade symbol, ♠, is a stylized icon derived from this idea.) Some spades lack triangular points but are fairly narrow. They are tailored to lawn cutting and to transplanting of bushes and small trees. In fact, their modern mechanized equivalent is also called a tree spade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some usage prescriptions prescribe that the words &amp;quot;spade&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;shovel&amp;quot; should be held in contradistinction (piercing and digging [spade] versus scooping and moving [shovel]). Natural language does not widely follow these prescriptions; it more often treats &amp;quot;spade&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;scoop&amp;quot; as contradistinguished subsets under &amp;quot;shovel&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how the article has a link to the Spanish version (check the &amp;quot;languages&amp;quot; section on the left sidebar to access versions of the same article in different languages), which is called &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pala&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, but the article for Spade does not have a Spanish version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in playing cards, we call the ♠ suit the &amp;quot;pica&amp;quot; suit, which means &amp;quot;pick&amp;quot; (the pointy tool used for mining).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T15:40:50.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T17:28:33.783" Score="5" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;stable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (as a noun) is:    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A group of people (such as athletes, writers, or performers) who work for or are trained by the same person, organization, or business&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translations I have found for stable in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordmagicsoft.com/dictionary/en-es/stable.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Magic and Collins&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=stable#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/translate/english-spanish/stable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford&lt;/a&gt;  are '&lt;strong&gt;establo&lt;/strong&gt;', &lt;strong&gt;cuadra&lt;/strong&gt;, '&lt;strong&gt;caballeriza&lt;/strong&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think they are not adequate. &lt;strong&gt;What would be a good translation for &lt;em&gt;this specific&lt;/em&gt; meaning of the noun 'stable'?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:47:39.260" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:47:39.260" Title="What could be a good translation of 'stable'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18546" CreationDate="2016-10-25T18:08:37.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is hard to find a word in Spanish that can mean exactly this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a first thought, I would say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G09HIAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;equipo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Grupo de personas organizado para una investigación o servicio determinados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then I also like...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BQ5Txes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuadrilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Grupo de personas reunidas para el desempeño de algunos oficios o para ciertos fines. Cuadrilla de albañiles, de malhechores.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. pandilla (‖ grupo de amigos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I included the 2nd definition (there are many) to indicate that &lt;em&gt;pandilla&lt;/em&gt; would not match exactly, since it is a bit more informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I also like this one if you mean something more physical, like a group of people cleaning the streets or adjusting the lights on a neighbourhood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=66BKqXj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;brigada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. brigade; cf. bergante y bregar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Grupo organizado de personas reunido para un trabajo concreto. Brigada de trabajadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T18:08:37.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T18:16:59.973" Score="3" ViewCount="1181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated death into Spanish. There are three translations there: &quot;muerte f&quot;, &quot;deceso m&quot; and &quot;fallecimiento m&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am studying the difference between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q0MaZUb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muerte&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bw56OHU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deceso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HXyGt72&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fallecimiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;accion y efecto de fallecer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HXxwFsP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fallecer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference among them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hypothesis: &quot;muerte&quot; can also be a result of killing, &quot;deceso&quot; and &quot;fallecimiento&quot; are more formal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T11:01:25.893" LastActivityDate="2020-12-02T11:14:18.307" Title="What is the difference among &quot;muerte&quot;, &quot;deceso&quot; and &quot;fallecimiento&quot; to translate &quot;death&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18546" CreationDate="2016-10-25T18:26:19.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My two cents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G09HIAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;equipo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Grupo de personas organizado para una investigación o servicio determinados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is a very general word. For writers or performers you can also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EWup5K1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;elenco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Conjunto de actores que constituyen una compañía teatral o que actúan en una obra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Conjunto de personas destacadas que trabajan en una misma tarea o constituyen un grupo o equipo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;stable of movie stars&quot; would be thus translated as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elenco de estrellas del cine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T06:39:20.463" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T06:39:20.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18548" CreationDate="2016-10-25T19:05:21.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Muerte'&lt;/strong&gt; Is a noun. Is an &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;idea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It refers to the idea of 'death'.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿Tienes miedo a la muerte? - Are you afraid of death?&lt;/em&gt; (we are not talking about fear of dying, we are talking about fear of the idea of death)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Muerto'&lt;/strong&gt; is a noun. A dead person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Morir'&lt;/strong&gt; is a verb. Die.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deceso y fallecimiento,&lt;/strong&gt; Are nouns. Are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;events&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El deceso ocurrió a las 12:30. - &#xA;El señor falleció en su hogar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14062" LastEditorUserId="13905" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T18:33:56.637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T18:33:56.637" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15261" CreationDate="2016-10-25T21:44:02.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J1qLm8A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gazapo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yerro que por inadvertencia deja escapar quien escribe o habla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T21:44:02.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-26T00:36:25.660" Score="2" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tintorería&lt;/em&gt; means both dry-cleaner and place for dying clothes. The latter is the older definition, and follows the words etymology. (See it here, but it is clear from &lt;em&gt;tinturar&lt;/em&gt;'s meaning &lt;em&gt;to dye&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To dye clothes and to clean clothes seem to me near opposites, but I do understand that both might be performed by the same person—a person who works with clothes. &lt;em&gt;Tintorería&lt;/em&gt;, though, doesn't refer to all clothes washing, but only to dry clearning. Besides, other occupations also relate to clothes, like a tailor, and aren't included in &lt;em&gt;tintorería&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Tintorería&lt;/em&gt; did not become a general term for places that deal in the after-sales clothes market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why, then, does &lt;em&gt;tintorería&lt;/em&gt; mean dry-cleaner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T06:42:04.937" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T06:52:44.793" Title="¿Por qué se lava ropa en una &quot;tintorería&quot;? // Why do you wash clothes at a dyer?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18554" CreationDate="2016-10-26T02:14:13.830" Score="5" ViewCount="1121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking lessons on Memrise.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Memrise indicates that both can mean, &amp;quot;she's going to a bar&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;Va&lt;/strong&gt; a un bar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;Se va&lt;/strong&gt; a un bar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the difference in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-31T04:33:58.917" Title="What's the difference between &quot;Va a un bar&quot; and &quot;Se va a un bar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18553" CreationDate="2016-10-26T03:23:59.917" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Compare the definitions of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ir&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;to go&quot;) and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/irse&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;irse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;to leave&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence you provided, &lt;strong&gt;Va a un bar&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;va&quot; is a conjugated (3rd person singular, present) form of the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and the sentence means &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;She is going to a bar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, &lt;strong&gt;Se va a un bar&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;se va&quot; is a conjugation of &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt; and the sentence could be translated as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;She is leaving for a bar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to distinguish between &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;. At the starting point of the movement they can be somewhat interchangable. For instance, in the examples you shared, if the subject is presently sitting at home, the meanings of each are subtly different. (Choosing &quot;leaving / se va&quot; definitely emphasizes the act of &lt;em&gt;initiating outward movement / exiting&lt;/em&gt;, vs &quot;going / va&quot; which is more focused on &lt;em&gt;movement towards a destination&lt;/em&gt;.) But say either one in this context and it will basically be understood the same way: &lt;em&gt;she is presently on her way out of the house, headed for the bar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But things are different if the subject is presently sitting in a car, already en route to the bar. If you said &quot;Va a un bar.&quot; somebody would understand what you meant: &lt;em&gt;she is on her way to the bar right now (in the car)&lt;/em&gt;. But if you said to someone who didn't already know where she was coming from &quot;Se va a un bar.&quot; it would would make them wonder &lt;em&gt;where she is leaving from&lt;/em&gt;. (Is she leaving home? Work? The car? etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="5307" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T06:41:13.057" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T06:41:13.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18552" CreationDate="2016-10-26T06:52:44.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for the definition throughout years shows us that this has not been like that forever:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in 1780 the definition was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;s. f. La casa donde se tiñen los paños y otras cosas. Infectoris officina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This lasted until 1925, when this very definition became:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Oficio de tintorero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tinte, 3.a acep.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in 1992 we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Oficio de tintorero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f.Establecimiento donde se tiñe o limpia la ropa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoDNQwR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;now&lt;/a&gt; it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Oficio de tintorero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Establecimiento donde se limpian o tiñen telas, ropas y otras cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I got more information was through &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2515/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española (NTLLE)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Using it, we find out that from 1899 there is the definition of &lt;em&gt;tintorera&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tintorera&lt;/strong&gt; (De tinturar.) f. La que tiene por oficio teñor ó dar tintes. || Mujer del tintorero. || Amér. Hembra del tiburón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, the women of the &lt;em&gt;tintorero&lt;/em&gt; starts to take action into the business model. From this, my hypohtesis is that the &lt;em&gt;tintorería&lt;/em&gt; started to have the business split in two: the &lt;em&gt;tintorero&lt;/em&gt; colouring the clothes, while the &lt;em&gt;tintorera&lt;/em&gt; cleaning them. Times went by until colouring became quite unusual, while cleaning clothes did have a big market. So the &lt;em&gt;tintorerías&lt;/em&gt; stopped colouring and just focused on cleaning, but the name remained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T06:52:44.793" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18557" CreationDate="2016-10-26T07:34:58.697" Score="6" ViewCount="44814" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo que cuando me enseñaron ortografía (hace ya muchos años), los signos º y ª debían llevar una raya debajo. Lo curioso es que hoy en día, y según la fuente de letra que se use, estos símbolos pueden llevar o no la raya. Por ejemplo, el recuadro de texto en el que escribo esto se ve así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ExZzI.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ExZzI.png&quot; alt=&quot;Texto&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, en esa fuente de letra sí tienen la raya debajo. Mientras que en el texto final, que usa otra fuente de letra, dicha raya no aparece. Esto da a veces lugar a equivocaciones, como que tiendo a usar el símbolo º (ordinal) en lugar de ° (el símbolo de grado) en algunos textos matemáticos. Para más inri, en mi teclado la tecla que inserta dichos símbolos sí tiene la raya debajo en ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué dice la RAE al respecto? ¿Deben o no llevar la raya debajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-12-23T18:13:02.913" Title="¿Deben llevar los símbolos º y ª una raya debajo?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18556" CreationDate="2016-10-26T07:52:49.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta se halla en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/ortografia-2010&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las letras voladas son aquellas que presentan un cuerpo menor y se sitúan por encima de la línea de escritura, tomando como referente la línea de las astas ascendentes. &lt;strong&gt;Ha sido costumbre tradicional subrayar las letras voladas&lt;/strong&gt; en las abreviaturas, hasta el punto de que muchos tipos de letra incluidos en el catálogo de fuentes de los procesadores de textos presentan subrayadas la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; voladas que se insertan directamente desde el teclado del ordenador [...]. &lt;strong&gt;No obstante, este subrayado, aunque no es ortográficamente incorrecto, resulta innecesario&lt;/strong&gt;, de modo que, tanto en tipografía como en la edición digital, se tiende a prescindir de él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KeWNHpdaiQBmYSLh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T07:52:49.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18469" CreationDate="2016-10-26T10:26:11.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario español-latino de Nebrija de 1495, ya se recoge el término &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; significando tanto &quot;teneo, -es&quot;, como &quot;habeo, -es&quot;. Es decir, en el siglo XV ya existía la acepción de &quot;tener&quot; en el sentido de posesión (&quot;habeô, -ês, -êre, habuî, habitum&quot; es el verbo usado en latín para el actual &quot;tener&quot;). Por tanto me fui a buscar un poco más atrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE aparecen 1421 casos de &quot;tengo&quot; en el siglo XIV, 752 en el siglo XIII y 10 en el siglo XII (también debido a la escasez de documentos de la época). Vamos a analizar algunos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E agora, a myo sennor dixieron lo que yo fiz, que ascondi .c. prophetas del Nuestro Sennor e las &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; en las cuevas e les do a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso parece que &quot;tengo&quot; se usa en el sentido de &quot;las he dejado&quot;, más que en el sentido de posesión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡En grado vos lo &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; lo que me avedes dexado!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo &quot;tengo&quot; parece significar &quot;guardar&quot;, o incluso &quot;tener en alta estima&quot; (&quot;tener en grado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Levedes un portero, &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; que vos avrá pro; si leváredes las dueñas, sírvanlas a su sabor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece significar &quot;entiendo que vos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Grado al Criador e al Padre espirital, todo el bien que yo he todo lo &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; delant!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Grado al Criador e a Santa María madre, mis fijas e mi mugier, que las &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; acá!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos ejemplos parece significar &quot;estar&quot; (&quot;están delante de mí&quot; y &quot;están a mi lado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;D'estos tres mill marcos los dozientos &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; yo, entr'amos me los dieron los ifantes de Carrión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la expresión que más dudas me genera, porque no sé si al decir &quot;los tengo yo&quot; se refiere a que los está sosteniendo en la mano, o si los lleva encima, o si los guarda en su custodia. El caso es que me inclino a pensar que el sentido de posesión del verbo &quot;tener&quot; se pudo iniciar a causa del dinero, algo que se solía llevar encima, que era tuyo y que por tanto poseías. Un ejemplo de 1215 dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Non les daré otro loguero, que yo non &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; más d'un dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí pasó a significar posesión de mercancías, como en esta frase de principios del siglo XIV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; un aver de vender, cortés e fermoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos a lo largo del siglo XIV ya incluyen también a la familia (no solamente en el sentido de &quot;estar a tu lado&quot; como en el Cantar):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; un noble marido, el gentil infante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...non &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; un maravedí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T10:26:11.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-26T10:54:53.190" Score="2" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &lt;strong&gt;disease&lt;/strong&gt; into Spanish. There are three translations there. I am studying the difference between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E5FHcSm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dolencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Indisposición, achaque, enfermedad.&quot; or &quot;Infamia, deshonra.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FHA3D3L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enfermedad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Alteración más o menos grave de la salud.&quot; or &quot;Pasión dañosa o alteración en lo moral o espiritual.&quot; or &quot;Anormalidad dañosa en el funcionamiento de una institución, colectividad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0w6yMWv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;afección&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Med. enfermedad. Afección pulmonar, catarral, reumática.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: dolencia=ache (dolor de cabeza), enfermedad=disease, enfermedad can also refer to bad functioning of an organization, afección=inflammation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right? What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:11:48.560" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:11:48.560" Title="To translate &quot;disease&quot;, what is the difference among &quot;enfermedad&quot;, &quot;dolencia&quot; and &quot;afección&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18546" CreationDate="2016-10-26T11:24:49.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I have also heard &lt;em&gt;cantera&lt;/em&gt; used in this sense in Spain and the DRAE shows it as its third meaning &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7C9PGap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. f. Lugar, institución, etc., de procedencia de individuos especialmente dotados para una determinada actividad. &lt;em&gt;El equipo solo ficha jugadores de la cantera regional. Esta Facultad ha sido siempre una buena cantera de investigadores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T11:29:03.023" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:29:03.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18559" CreationDate="2016-10-26T11:54:19.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are partially right and the differences are subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general use, &lt;em&gt;enfermedad&lt;/em&gt; is normally something easier to diagnose, while &lt;em&gt;dolencia&lt;/em&gt; has to do with some kind of chronic pain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found an article explaining this. &lt;a href=&quot;http://medicinabiologicapuebla.com.mx/frameset.php?url=/blog_42332_DIFERENCIA-ENTRE-ENFERMEDAD-Y-DOLENCIA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Diferencia entre enfermedad y dolencia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La enfermedad pertenece al cuerpo físico y generalmente se considera que es causada por elementos externos como virus, bacterias y otros. La dolencia es algo interno poco fácil de explicar. Es como un sentirse mal sin motivo aparente, es algo que se siente en lo interno, como un cansancio emocional, un abatimiento, una debilidad  inexplicable; ello se debe a un quiebre en la energía esencial del cuerpo cuántico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds a bit philosophical, doesn't it? So let's check yet another one of this kind in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chasque.net/frontpage/relacion/9904/dolencia.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dolencia, enfermedad, afección&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Illness&lt;/strong&gt; (inglés), Kranksein (alemán) podría traducirse por &lt;strong&gt;Dolencia&lt;/strong&gt; o Malestar en castellano. Es aquella forma bajo la cual el propio enfermo sufre su enfermedad, es un ámbito subjetivo en el cual el afectado magnifica o minimiza su padecimiento;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;Disease&lt;/strong&gt; (inglés), Krankheit (alemán) podrían equipararse a &lt;strong&gt;Enfermedad&lt;/strong&gt;, en tanto entidad mórbida que es reconocida por los médicos. Las noxas eran clasificadas como &quot;lesiones&quot; anatomopatológicas en el siglo pasado, como &quot;disfunciones&quot; o &quot;agresiones&quot; orquestadas por agentes exteriores (v.g. infecciones). La enfermedad como tal reconoce un agente patógeno, una fisiopatología, una historia natural y una terapéutica -a veces inhallable. Esta perspectiva nos coloca a ojos vista en el ámbito de lo objetivo;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;Sickness&lt;/strong&gt; (inglés), por último, encuentra un equivalente castellano en el término &lt;strong&gt;Afección&lt;/strong&gt;. Refiere a la manera en que una sociedad le atribuye a un individuo una cierta enfermedad, a la manera en que una sociedad reconoce a ciertas condiciones como enfermedad y a ciertos individuos como enfermos. Esto significa que los profanos determinan, aprecian y cuantifican el apoyo, la conmiseración o estigma que le implicará su condición de enfermo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:54:19.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18562" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18577" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:10:29.173" Score="4" ViewCount="21408" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días leí &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/futbol/premier-league/2016/10/11/57fcef59e5fdea885f8b458f.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una noticia&lt;/a&gt; en la que comentaban que un jugador de fútbol se mosqueó un poco con el entrenador por quitarles el acceso a internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jugador es argentino y el titular dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agüero, cuando Pep quitó el wifi: &quot;Me estás cargando...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los comentarios, alguien comentó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ARGENTINA decir cargando quiere decir q [sic] le esta gastando una broma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me dirigí a Asihablamos.com para ver que en Argentina se explica &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Cargar.php?pais=AR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cargar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomar a alguien para la joda. Tomar el pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me pregunto: ¿cuál es el origen de la expresión para referirse a gastar una broma? ¿en qué contexto se usa? ¿se entiende en otros países? Yo en España lo he oído en el sentido de generar molestias (como se indica en los comentarios), pero nunca en el contexto de &lt;em&gt;bromear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T14:03:35.853" LastActivityDate="2019-10-22T01:47:44.060" Title="En Argentina, ¿qué es &quot;cargar&quot; o &quot;estar cargando&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18563" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Ecuador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Ecuador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18564" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" Score="0" Body="Regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Ecuador / Regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Ecuador." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:52:07.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18565" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Bolivia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Bolivia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18566" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" Score="0" Body="Regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Bolivia / Regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Bolivia." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:52:27.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:53:17.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se dice sin duda alguna 'por la mañana/tarde/noche'. Diría que la construcción 'en la mañana/tarde/noche' es usada por hablantes hispanoamericanos, aunque desconozco si es generalizado o solo en algunas zonas. En Perú, por ejemplo, sí se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8645" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:53:17.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18568" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Venezuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18569" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Venezuela / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Venezuela." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:57:08.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18570" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Peru.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18571" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Perú / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Peru." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:58:17.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-10-26T16:31:31.197" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa cuando ya te referiste en algún momento a algo/alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stack Overflow es un lugar para hacer preguntas, éste es de mucha utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Si estoy mal espero me corrijan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13526" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T16:31:31.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18576" CreationDate="2016-10-26T18:33:33.137" Score="2" ViewCount="1015" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nota: aprendí gracias a las respuestas que recordaba mal la canción, así que planteé mi pregunta original aquí, con mejor claridad: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18598/al-que-vs-al-cual-vs-a-quien&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es la diferencia entre &amp;quot;al que&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;al cual&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;a quien&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba tarareando hoy la canción del mariachi:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un hombre muy honrado que le gusta lo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De pronto me di cuenta de que en el primer verso hay un pequeño error y es lo que quisiera consultar con vosotros. ¿No os parece que más correcto sería así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy un hombre muy honrado &lt;strong&gt;al que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta lo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También me he topado con otras variantes: (soy) un hombre &lt;strong&gt;al cual&lt;/strong&gt; (le gusta), (soy) un hombre &lt;strong&gt;a quien&lt;/strong&gt; (le gusta)... ¿qué opináis? ¿Son todas correctas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14074" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T15:37:24.473" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;soy un hombre que me gusta lo mejor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18574" CreationDate="2016-10-26T22:04:23.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escucha este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCmMDd8T5fg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vídeo&lt;/a&gt;, que es la versión que yo conozco. Dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy un hombre muy honrado&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me gusta lo mejor&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a mujeres no me falta&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ni el dinero ni el amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que este &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; es simplemente una conjunción copulativa, es decir un sinónimo de &amp;quot;y&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción la recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el dicconario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, como número 6:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conj. U. en vez de la copulativa y, pero denota cierto valor adversativo. Justicia pido, que no gracia. Suya es la culpa, que no mía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O quizás la acepción 12?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conj. Precede a oraciones incidentales de sentido independiente. ¿Sabreisme decir, buen amigo, que buena ventura os dé Dios, dónde son por aquí los palacios de la sin par princesa doña Dulcinea del Toboso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser una canción, el significado de los versos, y la estructura gramatical no son prioritarios. Es más importante el ritmo, el número de sílabas, la rima... es ¿&amp;quot;a mujeres&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;las mujeres&amp;quot;? ¿&amp;quot;no me falta&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;no me faltan&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T06:37:46.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18562" CreationDate="2016-10-27T07:24:50.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el sentido de &quot;cargar&quot; en la frase de tu ejemplo es una evolución de la acepción 13 del verbo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7XB9iU3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cargar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;carricāre&lt;/em&gt;, y este der. del lat. &lt;em&gt;carrus&lt;/em&gt; 'carro'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Incomodar, molestar o cansar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fin de cuentas, las bromas pueden ser pesadas y llegar a incomodar e incordiar a la gente. El ejemplo más antiguo que he encontrado en el CORDE es del autor argentino Carlos Gorostiza, en su obra &quot;El puente&quot; de 1949:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ronco: Y te rajan del laburo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tilo: ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ronco: Y... porque no hay trabajo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ñato: ¡Claro! ¡Psss!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tilo: ¿Y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ronco: ¿Y por qué qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tilo: ¿Por qué no hay trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ñato: Y... porque no se vende tanto como antes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tilo: ¿Y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ñato: ¡Che, &lt;strong&gt;estás cargando&lt;/strong&gt;, al final!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, la expresión sí que hace referencia a la acepción 13. Aunque es curioso verla expresada de forma general (&quot;estás cargando&quot;) más que dirigida a una persona en concreto (&quot;me estás cargando&quot;). La expresión tal cual la he visto como muy pronto en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magicasruinas.com.ar/revistero/esto/revdesto215b.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;una entrevista de 1973&lt;/a&gt; realizada en Argentina a Ringo Bonavena:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Vos estudiaste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Toda la primaria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Dónde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Por todo el barrio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Y cómo andabas con tu madre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;¿Me estás cargando?&lt;/strong&gt; Mi madre es el ser más bueno que hay sobre la Tierra. El más dulce. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría interpretar como que la pregunta ha molestado al entrevistado, dado que el entrevistador estaba haciendo la pregunta en serio sin ánimo de hacer una broma. El símil en España podría ser &quot;¿Te estás quedando conmigo?&quot;. Es fácil interpretar la frase como &quot;este tipo tiene que estar bromeando si me hace una pregunta como esa, porque si no está bromeando me está cargando (molestando)&quot;. Con el tiempo, la idea que queda en la mente ha sido la de &quot;Estás de broma, ¿no?&quot; que contiene la expresión, y por eso se interpreta como que alguien le está tomando el pelo. Me animaría a decir que se usa cuando la tomadura de pelo es de mal gusto y &quot;carga&quot; (molesta) al destinatario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T07:24:50.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1472" CreationDate="2016-10-27T08:02:30.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de la expresión es bastante antiguo al parecer. Se pueden encontrar ocurrencias en &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=al%20fin%20%3F%20al%20cabo&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1500&amp;amp;ano2=1600&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el CORDE&lt;/a&gt; de allá por el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo parece haber dicho, mas por no gastar tiempo y palabras en responder en forma, tomad la doctrina de boca de Sancto Tomás y de otros, que como el libre albedrío del hombre no está constante ni fijo en lo bueno por el fómite que le inclina a lo malo, tuvo necesidad de ayuda para no se dejar vencer; y aun también para bien entender la ley que Dios le puso (como vos alegastes), porque &lt;strong&gt;al fin y al cabo&lt;/strong&gt; dice la Sabiduría que los pensamientos de los mortales son tímidos y nuestras providencias inciertas; y para remediar estos peligros vale mucho la guarda de los Angeles, que con buenas inspiraciones guían a lo bueno y apartan de lo malo y estorban mucho del mal, que el demonio desea hacernos; y en conclusión entended que todo lo deste mundo gobierna Dios mediantes los Angeles, hasta las nubes del aire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Juan de Pineda, &amp;quot;Diálogos familiares de la agricultura cristiana&amp;quot;, España (1589)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que luego hablemos de frases largas. La expresión &amp;quot;cabo&amp;quot; como sinónimo de fin (y como &amp;quot;extremo de la cuerda&amp;quot;) se usaba &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=al%20cabo&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1200&amp;amp;ano2=1300&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya en el siglo XIII&lt;/a&gt; para determinar la finalización de periodos de tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non te deuo responder, quar tiengo priuilegio del rey que non pague a ninguno su deuda entro &lt;strong&gt;al cabo&lt;/strong&gt; del aynno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &amp;quot;Vidal Mayor&amp;quot;, España (c. 1250)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también para otros menesteres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;strong&gt;al cabo&lt;/strong&gt; non pudieron los de Syria con los grandes poderes del &amp;amp; conquistolos Nabuchodonosor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Alfonso X, &amp;quot;General Estoria. Cuarta parte.&amp;quot;, España (c. 1280)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí significa simplemente &amp;quot;al final&amp;quot; (de la batalla o lo que fuera). Curiosamente, la expresión que no se usaba por entonces era &amp;quot;al final&amp;quot;, dado que &amp;quot;final&amp;quot; tenía por aquella época el sentido de &amp;quot;último&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;definitivo&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;sentencia final&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;juicio final&amp;quot;. Es en el siglo XV cuando empieza a aparecer la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se anota &lt;strong&gt;al final&lt;/strong&gt; de la carta que se dieron otras dos semejantes al licenciado Santacruz, una para Villatoro y Piedrahíta, y otra para Ávila y su obispado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &amp;quot;Documentación medieval abulense en el Registro General del Sello&amp;quot;, España (1485 - 1488)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &amp;quot;al fin&amp;quot; sí se recoge en algunos textos &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=al%20fin&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1200&amp;amp;ano2=1300&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desde finales del siglo XIII&lt;/a&gt;, pero en este caso con un sentido más espiritual que físico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E por ende, poca cosa que el hombre faga con el saber vale más que mucho con necedad, que algunos demandan el saber no a plazer de Dios &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;al fin&lt;/strong&gt; tórnalos el saber en su servicio, que el saber es lumbre &amp;amp; la necedad escuridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &amp;quot;Libro del cavallero Cifar&amp;quot;, España (1300 - 1305)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mas &lt;strong&gt;al fin&lt;/strong&gt; fue Jalima, la de aquel alto lugar; Que oyeron un clamante que clamaba y decia &amp;quot;Ensalzada será la que leche le daria; Pueblo, si en tí entrara esta luz de bendicion, Serémos todos librados y quitos de perdicion.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &amp;quot;Poema en alabanza de Mahoma&amp;quot;, España (c. 1300)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por su alta excelencia él nos quiera amparar, Y en esta alta creencia nos deje bien acabar, Y &lt;strong&gt;al fin&lt;/strong&gt; de nuesas vidas nos deje testimoniar Aquella noble palabra, que nos podamos salvar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &amp;quot;Poema en alabanza de Mahoma&amp;quot;, España (c. 1300)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y para terminar, parece que la expresión &amp;quot;al fin y al cabo&amp;quot; originalmente trató de aunar en una sola el sentido más etéreo de &amp;quot;al fin&amp;quot; (usado para el final de las vidas, o como sinónimo de &amp;quot;finalmente&amp;quot;), con el sentido más físico de &amp;quot;al cabo&amp;quot; (finales de periodos cortos de tiempo, acontecimientos, o incluso lugares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:53:34.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18579" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18613" CreationDate="2016-10-27T09:01:41.887" Score="8" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18578/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a la pregunta sobre el origen de la expresión &quot;al fin y al cabo&quot;, me encontré con la forma &lt;em&gt;aynno&lt;/em&gt; para &quot;año&quot;. Buscando el término en el CORDE, me salen cientos de ocurrencias a lo largo de los siglos XIII y XIV. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Datas en el capítol de Santa Maria de Pomplona XXº dia de septiembre l'&lt;strong&gt;aynno&lt;/strong&gt; de gracia mil trecientos sixanta et seys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este fue muy buen rey et drechurero e est enpeço de regnar en Espaynna en el &lt;strong&gt;aynno&lt;/strong&gt; que andaba la era en DCCLIV...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et si passa &lt;strong&gt;aynno&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; dia que non uiene aqueill hermano pueden fer cada uno su pro daqueillas lures partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso en el siglo XV, aunque ya menos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado e otorgado ha seydo por Nos, Princesa sobredicha el present pribilegio en nuestra ciudad de Pomplona, a dizeocho dias del present mes de septiembre, l'&lt;strong&gt;aynno&lt;/strong&gt; del nascimiento de Nuestro Sennyor Ihesu Christo mil quoatrozientos sixenta nuebe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De que nos tenemos por bien pagados e por bien entegrados por testimonio deste nuestro recoger, en el quoal auemos puesto nuestros nombres con nuestras propias manos, en el XV día del dicho mes de Jenero, l'&lt;strong&gt;aynno&lt;/strong&gt; del Nascimiento de Nuestro Señor mil CCCC XXX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVI ya no hay ocurrencias. Pensando que sería un caso aislado, busqué otras palabras. Y encuentro cosas como estas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et por esto, cras, dia lunes, &lt;strong&gt;maynana&lt;/strong&gt;, ymos al dicho monssen Bertran et al comte de la Marcha et a otros por fazer los retener ata la venida del &lt;strong&gt;seynnor&lt;/strong&gt; Rey si podemos, mossen Eustaces, Johan Testador et yo con nuestras &lt;strong&gt;compaynnas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et el Papa recibio bien los mesageros e dixeron le en que manera era perdida &lt;strong&gt;Espaynna&lt;/strong&gt; toda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concretamente, la forma &quot;seynnor&quot; aparece por miles en textos de aquella época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿corresponde esta forma &lt;em&gt;-ynn-&lt;/em&gt; a una versión antigua de la letra ñ? En el siglo XIV esta forma (y la forma &lt;em&gt;-yn-&lt;/em&gt;) era muchísimo más común que la forma &lt;em&gt;-nny-&lt;/em&gt;, que apenas cuenta con unas docenas de apariciones en el CORDE (&quot;sennyor&quot;, &quot;annyo&quot;), aunque no tanto como la forma &lt;em&gt;-ny-&lt;/em&gt;, que tuvo un auge en el siglo XIV para luego caer en el XV. Si es así, ¿cómo pasó la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; a estar detrás del grupo &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;)? Si no, ¿corresponde esta forma a otro lenguaje ibérico que no derivara en el castellano sino en otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mejor expreso este último párrafo con una tabla de apariciones en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        1100-1200  1200-1300  1300-1400  1400-1500&#xA;--------------------------------------------------&#xA;aynno           1        399        470         34&#xA;ayno            2        197        211          7&#xA;annyo           0          4         54         11&#xA;anyo            0         10       1477        730&#xA;año            10        962       6398      14616&#xA;--------------------------------------------------&#xA;seynnor        16       1226        771        169&#xA;seynor          2        848        881          3&#xA;sennyor         0          4         51          9&#xA;senyor          0         44       2011       1211&#xA;señor          98       1965       8860      28944&#xA;--------------------------------------------------&#xA;Espaynna        0          2          5          5&#xA;Espayna         0          1          2          0&#xA;Espannya        0          0          2          0&#xA;Espanya         0          0        464         34&#xA;España          6        705        647       2604&#xA;--------------------------------------------------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta especialmente llamativo que las palabras &quot;año&quot;, &quot;señor&quot; y &quot;España&quot; (escritas con la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;) también aparecen en textos del siglo XII, lo que me hace pensar que los textos correspondan a alguno de los dialectos ibéricos romances que tomaron caminos diferentes al del castellano, o incluso que desaparecieran. Otra opción es que los textos manuscritos originales contuvieran abreviaturas que se transcribieran de forma diferente según la escuela. Aunque en esta imagen del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidal_Mayor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vidal Mayor&lt;/a&gt; (Vidal de Canellas, obispo de Huesca, c. 1250) se puede ver realmente la forma manuscrita de &lt;em&gt;seýnnor&lt;/em&gt; y de &lt;em&gt;seynnoria&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FfC4h.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FfC4h.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Manuscrito&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T19:22:22.963" Title="¿A qué se debe la aparición de la forma &quot;aynno&quot; en textos del siglo XIV?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18582" CreationDate="2016-10-27T09:34:07.670" Score="8" ViewCount="16026" Body="&lt;p&gt;Digamos que tenemos un negocio llamado &lt;em&gt;La Casa del Pan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la forma adecuada de escribir las mayúsculas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenido a la casa del pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenido a La casa del pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenido a La Casa del Pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7234" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T09:33:56.127" Title="Uso de mayúsculas en nombres de negocios" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18581" CreationDate="2016-10-27T10:03:16.150" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas indica en su artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. &lt;strong&gt;Uso de mayúscula inicial independientemente de la puntuación&lt;/strong&gt;. Se escriben con letra inicial mayúscula todos los nombres propios y también los comunes que, en un contexto dado o en virtud de determinados fenómenos (como, por ejemplo, la antonomasia), funcionan con valor de tales, es decir, cuando designan seres o realidades únicas y su función principal es la identificativa. En otras ocasiones, la mayúscula responde a otros factores, como la necesidad de distinguir entre sentidos diversos de una misma palabra (mayúscula diacrítica), o a razones expresivas o de respeto (mayúscula de respeto). Se escriben con inicial mayúscula las palabras siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.22. &lt;strong&gt;Los nombres de marcas comerciales&lt;/strong&gt;. Las marcas comerciales son nombres propios, de forma que, utilizados específicamente para referirse a un producto de la marca, han de escribirse con mayúscula: Me gusta tanto el Cinzano como el Martini; Me he comprado un Seat; pero cuando estos nombres pasan a referirse no exclusivamente a un objeto de la marca en cuestión, sino a cualquier otro con características similares, se escriben con minúscula: Me aficioné al martini seco en mis años de estudiante (al vermú seco, de cualquier marca).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si &lt;em&gt;La Casa del Pan&lt;/em&gt; es un nombre registrado, lo correcto es mantener el uso de mayúsculas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenido a La Casa del Pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, debo añadir (y gracias, Carlos Alejo, por mencionarlo en los comentarios) el formato de tal nombre no suena demasiado español sino una copia del que se usa en inglés. Para esos casos, el mismo artículo indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.17. La primera palabra del título de cualquier obra de creación (libros, películas, cuadros, esculturas, piezas musicales, programas de radio o televisión, etc.); el resto de las palabras que lo componen, salvo que se trate de nombres propios, deben escribirse con minúscula (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es el mismo caso (aquí hablamos de una empresa y no de una obra de creación), pero creo que podemos tomar el consejo y usar el nombre comercial &lt;em&gt;La casa del pan&lt;/em&gt; sin más mayúsculas que la inicial. Solamente añadiría alguna si se refiriera a algún sustantivo personal: &lt;em&gt;La casa del pan de Manolita&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;La casa del pan de Lepe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T10:39:08.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15766" CreationDate="2016-10-27T10:51:42.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se ha dicho antes, la pregunta parte de una premisa equivocada. La palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0GaP9q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gatear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Andar a gatas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Trepar como los gatos, y especialmente subir por un tronco o astil valiéndose de los brazos y piernas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0DlL8w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a gatas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Dicho de ponerse o andar una persona: Con pies y manos en el suelo, como los gatos y demás cuadrúpedos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se dice &quot;a gatas&quot; como se podría haber dicho &quot;a perras&quot; o &quot;a yeguas&quot; (el porqué de esta expresión podría ser una buena pregunta), dado que la expresión solo se fija en la posición de &quot;a cuatro patas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la segunda acepción de &quot;gatear&quot; (que no conocía) sí que expresa un símil de un movimiento humano (en este caso, trepar) con los movimientos de un gato. Es decir, que el verbo se fija en un movimiento felino muy característico. No existe como tal en el DRAE, pero aquí en Andalucía usamos el verbo &quot;perrear&quot; con la acepción de &quot;estar sin ganas de hacer nada, y menos de moverse&quot;, como imitando a un perro tranquilo que está tumbado junto a la chimenea la mar de a gusto y que no se mueve de ahí ni aunque lo echen. También tenemos expresiones como &quot;qué perrera tengo&quot; para indicar que tienes &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6M0eyb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flojera&lt;/a&gt; e incluso &quot;perreritis&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6P1zSo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flojeritis&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (esta última jamás habría dicho que fuese a estar en el diccionario). El origen de todas estas expresiones posiblemente venga de la expresión &quot;hacer un tiempo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SihVF3L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de perros&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, dado que esos días lo único que apetece es estar tirado en el sofá con una manta viendo una peli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T11:01:24.503" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T11:01:24.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18588" CreationDate="2016-10-27T11:34:43.007" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can say in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Go in and take what you want&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was to translate this to Spanish, what would be the correct verb tense to use?  I feel that is is not a command, but instead an offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:36:34.137" Title="What conjugation to use for an offer?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18586" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:04:20.013" Score="4" ViewCount="4283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba revisando &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18539/1674&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; cuando quise mencionar un artículo de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título de ese escrito es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.4.3.3 La tilde diacrítica en el adverbio &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; y en los pronombres demostrativos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al ir a referenciarlo quise poner cursiva en todo el título, por lo que &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; dejaba de aparecer destacada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Indica la RAE algún criterio para destacar una palabra cuando ya está en cursiva todo el texto que lo rodea? Se me ocurren comillas (simples o dobles), pero más por criterio estético que por conocimiento técnico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:40:45.917" Title="¿Cómo se destaca una palabra de un texto que ya está en cursiva?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18585" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:34:43.427" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado esto en la Ortografía 2010 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fGXBbgYJWWwdjBCU&quot;&gt;epígrafe 3.4.8.2.2&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llaman &lt;em&gt;usos metalingüísticos&lt;/em&gt; aquellos en los que un término, una expresión o un enunciado se emplean no para comunicar el mensaje que contienen, sino para decir algo de ellos [...]. En los textos impresos, en lugar de emplear comillas, se marcan los usos metalingüísticos en cursiva (si el texto base está en redonda) o en redonda (si el texto base está en cursiva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UGXBDpSPhKIOakNS&quot;&gt;epígrafe 3.4.8.2.3&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los títulos de libros, revistas y periódicos, por el contrario, se citan en cursiva (si el texto base va en redonda) o en redonda (si el texto base va en cursiva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KuoJjNRHSLVjkPWC&quot;&gt;el mismo epígrafe&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suelen escribirse entre comillas los apodos y alias que se intercalan entre el nombre de pila y el apellido [...]. También puede optarse, en este caso, por escribir el apodo en cursiva (o en redonda, si el texto base está en cursiva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por fin, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QeHkRtkrDkKiFQWI&quot;&gt;epígrafe 2.1.1&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las voces extranjeras deben escribirse en los textos españoles con una marca gráfica que destaque su condición de palabras pertenecientes a otra lengua: preferentemente en cursiva en la escritura tipográfica (siempre que el texto base esté escrito en redonda; pero en redonda, si el texto base está escrito en cursiva) [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu caso sería el primero, el de citar &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; con un uso metalingüístico para expresar algo sobre el término. Pero como ves, esa forma de proceder es generalizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T12:40:16.373" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:40:16.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18584" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:56:25.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Command or offer, we use here the same tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ve y coge lo que quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ve&lt;/em&gt; is the imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12958" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T12:58:47.867" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:58:47.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18584" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:58:10.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you want to do these kind of offers, you can use the &lt;strong&gt;Imperative&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entra y coge lo que quieras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though it is imperative, its connotation is not hard and it is understood as an offer, not as something you have to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to make it more formal, you can use &lt;strong&gt;Present Indicative&lt;/strong&gt; by adding a &lt;em&gt;Puedes...&lt;/em&gt; (like in &lt;em&gt;You can go in and take what you want&lt;/em&gt;) and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes entrar y coger lo que quieras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also possible to use the &lt;strong&gt;Simple Conditional&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Querrías entrar y coger lo que quieras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though this makes the sentence very, very formal and we do not use it in daily conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T13:36:34.137" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:36:34.137" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18589" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18590" CreationDate="2016-10-27T15:07:10.937" Score="3" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;While creating a plan for a particular project, the first stage would be the analysis of the current state of things, to be able to create an implementation plan for the rest of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The deliverables for that first project phase should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Milestones and &lt;strong&gt;roadblocks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation planning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish translation &quot;milestones&quot; are clearly &lt;em&gt;hitos&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;implementation plan&quot; would be &lt;em&gt;plan de implementación&lt;/em&gt;... but I'm having trouble with &lt;strong&gt;roadblocks&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The identified &lt;strong&gt;roadblocks&lt;/strong&gt; would be a series of issues or aspects that, if not solved nor correctly addressed, would stop the development of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since they are not exactly risks (&lt;em&gt;riesgos&lt;/em&gt;), which would be identified in another phase, I haven't been able to come up with a clear and short translation. The Spanish term &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bloqueos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; just doesn't explain the full meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a good, short translation for &lt;strong&gt;roadblock&lt;/strong&gt; in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T13:00:17.540" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T13:00:17.540" Title="Better translation for &quot;Roadblock&quot; on projects language" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18589" CreationDate="2016-10-27T15:16:12.643" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propondría &lt;strong&gt;obstáculos&lt;/strong&gt;, dado que un proyecto bien puede ser una &lt;em&gt;carrera de obstáculos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QpTz5mV&quot;&gt;obstáculo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;obstacŭlum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Impedimento, dificultad, inconveniente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En algunos deportes, cada una de las dificultades que presenta una pista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T15:16:12.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T15:22:00.687" Score="1" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;In school I learned to translate &lt;em&gt;to ride a bike&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;montar en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;. SpanishDict.com confirms this translation and offers &lt;em&gt;andar en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico City, though, I have exclusively heard &lt;em&gt;rodar en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;. However, while the verb &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; makes sense, meaning to &lt;em&gt;roll&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;turn&lt;/em&gt;, I have not seen a direct reference to bike riding in the two Spanish to English dictionaries that I have checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is not whether &lt;em&gt;rodar en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt; is a legitimate way to speak of riding a bike. I understand that there are many more ways to express an idea that what a class will teach. I also appreciate &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; because it makes sense even without adding &lt;em&gt;en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;, whereas (in my understanding) &lt;em&gt;montar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; do not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question, instead, is whether this is a new or regional phrasing?&lt;/strong&gt; Do people use &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; for bike-riding outside of Mexico City? Did people use it thirty years ago?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T15:41:50.707" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:12:23.160" Title="Do people use &quot;rodar&quot; for bike-riding outside of Mexico City? Did people use it thirty years ago?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18589" CreationDate="2016-10-27T15:23:33.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;strong&gt;obstáculo&lt;/strong&gt;, propuesto por Carlos Alejo, también hay dos otras posibilidades en que puedo pensar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L2WfZNQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;impedimento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Obstáculo, embarazo o estorbo para algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aBTULtF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;traba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cosa que impide o estorba la fácil ejecución de otra.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Der.&lt;/em&gt; Embargo de bienes, incluso derechos, o impedimento para disponer de ellos o para algún acto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo optaría por &lt;em&gt;traba&lt;/em&gt;, personalmente, a pesar de no ser una palabra tan común, por la idea de impedir la &lt;em&gt;ejecución&lt;/em&gt; de algo, que va bien con la idea de un proyecto que se está llevando a cabo, pero cualquier de las tres expresaría bien el sentido de &lt;em&gt;roadblock&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T15:23:33.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18593" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18597" CreationDate="2016-10-27T15:58:34.423" Score="3" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my conversational Spanish class, the instructor gave us several aphorisms to translate. One seemed rather racist to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más perdido que turco en niebla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;More lost than a Turk in fog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I questioned her whether this was racist, because it seemed that way to me. She tried to assure me that it was uncontroversial in Spanish (she is from Argentina, if that makes any difference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She said, &quot;Many people have no problem saying things like this.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I replied, &quot;And other people might have no problem calling those people racists.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My feeling is that any saying that singles out a member of an ethnic or racial group is potentially racist and offensive. There's a reason people no longer say  &quot;There's the n***** in the woodpile&quot; when declaring that they've found the source of a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this kind of thing common and uncontroversial in Spanish-speaking countries? Am I being too sensitive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8420" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T13:51:03.433" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T13:51:03.433" Title="Is this aphorism involving &quot;turco&quot; racist?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-10-27T16:28:12.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each culture and society has rules about what they take as offensive and what not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico we take with humour a (rather offensive) comment made by an ex-president, Vicente Fox, that was asked about immigration from Mexico to the U.S.A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When answering the question, he declared that Mexicans were indispensable to the American economy because &quot;they do the work that even the black people don't want to do&quot; (Los mexicanos hacen el trabajo que ni los negros quieren hacer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can see a review of that interview:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2005/05/14/index.php?section=politica&amp;amp;article=008n1pol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2005/05/14/index.php?section=politica&amp;amp;article=008n1pol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We take that remark as humorous and not as offensive, even when it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yeah, you may see something as offensive for your cultural or societal background, while someone else won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T16:28:12.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-10-27T17:01:08.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am 38 years old and always living in Spain never heard that exact aphorism (by the way, why turks and fog? O_o).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT, the constructions of the type &quot;&lt;em&gt;Más perdido que...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Más borracho que...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Más hambriento que...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, changing the verb with any you can think AND you want to make a joke by exaggerating the comparison (it's right comparison in English?), have become super popular in the spoken language since several years ago. I'm pretty sure that's what your teacher was trying to say ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, as I was saying, almost always that type of phrases are jokes based on exaggerating the comparison, which would represent the literal meaning of the phrase without the joke. So, not always, but yeah, many times that phrases use racist prejudices, among others... morally reprochable black humor references? I'm not really sure if that's totally correct in English but I think you took the point. I'm pretty sure too, that black humor are similar in any country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honest people won't say that type of things in front of a member of the affected ethnic group, or all the opposite, they'll say it loud and clear so that person can understand it's a joke, not an insult.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Racists will say it in a disgusting and bold way, clearly insulting (or not, if they're hypocrite enough, there are dumbasses in all places).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end, don't forget that these things are jokes. We don't go down the street insulting people... at least not the majority of us (again, there are dumbasses in all places), but at least me, I make soft jokes like that every time I can do it, life is too hard to live without humor. I suppose that's why that type of constructions are so popular nowadays, among others of the same type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T19:12:38.357" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T19:12:38.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18589" CreationDate="2016-10-27T18:25:05.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other alternative could be  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DjqHoal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;óbice&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Obstáculo, embarazo, estorbo, impedimento.     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T05:14:24.750" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T05:14:24.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-10-27T18:32:36.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más perdido que turco en la neblina&lt;/em&gt; is a typical saying from Argentina, so you are unlikely to hear it from anyone who is not Argentine. Arabs are colloquially called &quot;Turks&quot; in Argentina, probably because they lived within the Ottoman Empire at the time of mass immigration into Argentina, in the late 19th century. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_%C3%A1rabe_en_Argentina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;People of Arabic descent are estimated to number between 1-5/3.5 million&lt;/a&gt;, roughly 4/8% of the total population, and do not appear to be very offended by the saying, although it would be polite to use a different idiom if you are speaking to an Arab person.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many theories about the origin of the saying itself, and it looks like it does not actually refer to Turkish people. &lt;a href=&quot;http://mira.ellitoral.com/2014/07/de-donde-proviene-el-dicho-perdido-como-turco-en-la-neblina/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;One&lt;/a&gt; says that Turkey and the Near East are dry places and that a Turk would be confused if he found himself amid fog; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltribuno.info/como-turco-la-neblina-n192842&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;another&lt;/a&gt; says that in Spain, unadulterated wine was called &quot;turco&quot;, as it had not been &quot;baptized&quot; (that is, it had not been mixed with water), thus a &quot;turca&quot; became slang for &quot;being drunk&quot; and a &quot;turco&quot;, a drunkard, who would feel understandably lost in the fog. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=W9jhBQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT37#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;third explanation&lt;/a&gt; says that the original saying was &quot;more lost than a tuco in the fog&quot;, a &lt;em&gt;tuco&lt;/em&gt; being a kind of firefly found in Northern Argentina that, not seeing its own light, would be lost in the thick fog. As the saying spread Southwards, people did not understand what it meant and thought of Arab traveling merchants getting lost in the roads when the fog rose (perhaps that made sense as there was a relatively high concentration of Arab immigrants in Northern Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T01:30:52.890" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T01:30:52.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18598" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T21:43:54.097" Score="3" ViewCount="18517" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber cuál es la diferencia entre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;soy un hombre &lt;strong&gt;al que&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta lo mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;soy un hombre &lt;strong&gt;al cual&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta lo mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;soy un hombre &lt;strong&gt;a quien&lt;/strong&gt; le gusta lo mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pusé aquí ayer una pregunta similar pero la planteé mal:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18574/soy-un-hombre-que-me-gusta-lo-mejor&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es correcto decir &amp;quot;soy un hombre que me gusta lo mejor&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;asi que al final la respuesta se dirigió a otro caso: &amp;quot;soy un hombre que me gusta lo mejor&amp;quot;.&#xA;Como verán, la pregunta actual tiene otros matices.&#xA;Gracias de antemano!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14074" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T11:04:02.757" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;al que&quot;, &quot;al cual&quot; y &quot;a quien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T21:56:55.827" Score="3" ViewCount="2378" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/catch-22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Catch-22&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is defined as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A problematic situation for which the only solution is denied by a circumstance inherent in the problem or by a rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was coined in the homonym novel by Joseph Heller. According to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch-22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;novel&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;people who were crazy were not obliged to fly missions, but anyone who applied to stop flying was showing a rational concern for his safety and was, therefore, sane and had to fly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only translation I have found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-spanish/catch-22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reverso&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/catch-22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-spanish/catch-22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt; is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;callejón sin salida&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;circulo vicioso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, while &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=catch%2022%20situation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; gives &quot;&lt;strong&gt;palos porque bogas, y palos porque no&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for a catch-22 situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any alternative (better) translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T08:52:47.947" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T08:57:43.160" Title="What would be a good translation of 'catch-22'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18608" CreationDate="2016-10-27T23:54:34.003" Score="1" ViewCount="2878" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me puede explicar qué significan las siguientes frases del poema &lt;em&gt;La pobreza. El dinero.&lt;/em&gt; de Quevedo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues amarga la verdad,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Quiero echarla de la boca;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y si al alma su hiel toca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esconderla es necedad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Sépase, pues libertad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Ha engendrado en mi pereza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Pobreza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién los jueces con pasión,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sin ser ungüento, hace humanos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues untándolos las manos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los ablanda el corazón?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;¿Quién gasta su opilación&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con oro y no con acero?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El Dinero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14085" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T09:33:18.177" LastActivityDate="2020-10-26T11:19:50.040" Title="Significado de frases del poema &quot;La pobreza. El dinero.&quot; de Quevedo" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18599" CreationDate="2016-10-28T06:36:58.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The novel's title refers to a plot device that is repeatedly invoked in the story. Catch-22 starts as a set of paradoxical requirements whereby airmen mentally unfit to fly did not have to do so, but could not actually be excused. [...] The phrase &quot;Catch-22&quot; has since entered the English language, referring to a type of unsolvable logic puzzle sometimes called a double bind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that the book title has entered the English language makes it difficult to find an equivalent term in Spanish, due to the fact that in the Spanish world the novel is not as known as in the English world. So you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Translate the term using the title of the novel in the Spanish world: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trampa-22_(libro)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trampa-22&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. And just hope that the reader knows the novel. If not, the reader may be intrigued with the term and just search it. One similar case is an episode of the Lost series that was called &quot;Catch-22&quot; in the original and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trampa-22_(Lost)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Trampa-22&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in the Spanish translation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Translate the name of the problem addressed by the novel: &quot;a double bind&quot;. From Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A double bind is an emotionally distressing dilemma in communication in which an individual (or group) receives two or more conflicting messages, and one message negates the other. This creates a situation in which a successful response to one message results in a failed response to the other (and vice versa), so that the person will automatically be wrong regardless of response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This term is translated into Spanish as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doble_v%C3%ADnculo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;doble vínculo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. But a similar situation in Computer Science could be an &quot;interbloqueo&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloqueo_mutuo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bloqueo mutuo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T08:57:43.160" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T08:57:43.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-28T07:49:47.507" Score="4" ViewCount="9850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tratando de buscar el origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0DlL8w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Definición de la expresión&quot;&gt;a gatas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;dicho de ponerse o andar una persona: con pies y manos en el suelo, como los gatos y demás cuadrúpedos&quot;), me encuentro con que me estoy metiendo en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5NIOz0T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Definición de &amp;#39;berenjenal&amp;#39;&quot;&gt;berenjenal&lt;/a&gt;. Por un lado, en el diccionario español-italiano de Casas (1570) ya aparece la expresión &quot;a gatas&quot;. Así que me fui al CORDE y me encuentro con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues viéndose el Maestre en tan mala fortuna, fuése &lt;strong&gt;a gatas&lt;/strong&gt; llevando arrastrando las cadenas hasta un adarve por donde se había de volver a echar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Alonso Maldonado, &quot;Hechos del Maestre de Alcántara don Alonso de Monroy&quot;, España (c. 1492)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más atrás aún:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et porque non pudie yr derecho començo a yr por tierra de pies et de manos &lt;strong&gt;a gatas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Alfonso X, &quot;General Estoria. Cuarta parte.&quot;, España (c. 1280)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que llegué hasta el siglo XIII y ahí seguía la expresión. Así pues, ¿alguien sabe hasta dónde se remonta? ¿Es posible que provenga del latín? Y ya para rematar, dado que la definición dice &quot;como los gatos y demás cuadrúpedos&quot;: ¿es posible saber por qué se escogió al gato como símil y no a otro animal?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-11T15:38:36.087" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T15:38:36.087" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;a gatas&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18598" CreationDate="2016-10-28T10:54:00.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que significan lo mismo, son intercambiables, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2.2.2.&lt;/strong&gt; En oraciones especificativas, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; puede llevar artículo con todas las preposiciones y en todas las funciones, y ha de llevarlo&#xA;  necesariamente cuando el antecedente es de persona: &lt;em&gt;«Nunca engañaría&#xA;  a un hombre al que amo»&lt;/em&gt; (Ocampo Cornelia [Arg. 1988]); &lt;em&gt;«Por fin se&#xA;  fue y, naturalmente, lo hizo con una señorita con la que estaba liado&#xA;  desde hacía ya tiempo»&lt;/em&gt; (RGodoy Mujer [Esp. 1990]). También aquí el&#xA;  que es sustituible por &lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt; o por &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;. Si el antecedente no&#xA;  es de persona, el relativo con preposición puede construirse&#xA;  opcionalmente sin artículo en los siguientes casos: (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que ese es el caso de esta frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T10:59:36.933" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T10:59:36.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18598" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:04:02.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diría que las tres son equivalentes. Buscando en la RAE tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. pronom. Introduce una oración relativa con antecedente expreso. Usado tras preposición. &lt;em&gt;El hombre, con el que vive, dijo que se arrepentía, de lo que no me cabe duda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BRJtgeC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;el cual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. pronoms. Introduce una oración de relativo con antecedente expreso. &lt;em&gt;A grandes voces llamó a Sancho, el cual, oyéndose llamar, dejó a los pastores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpfJQop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. relat. m. y f. El que, el cual o que. U. con antecedente referido a personas. Usado sin preposición solo encabeza oraciones explicativas. &lt;em&gt;El escritor invitado, quien trató ampliamente esa cuestión, es un especialista en la materia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, puedes usar cualquiera (fíjate que en la definición de &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; dice que significa &lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt;). Hay, sin embargo, ligeras diferencias que se pueden ver si modificamos un poco la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt; debe ser usado con preposición: &quot;al que&quot;. Si no, hay que quitar también el artículo: &quot;soy un hombre, que gusta de lo mejor&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el cual&lt;/em&gt; no necesita preposición, pero no puede prescindir del artículo: &quot;soy un hombre, el cual gusta de lo mejor&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; nunca lleva artículo: &quot;soy un hombre, quien gusta de lo mejor&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T11:04:02.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18275" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:17:45.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario de americanismos de ASALE, se usa solamente en México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=igual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;igual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I. c. ǁ &lt;strong&gt;~ y&lt;/strong&gt;. locución adverbial. &lt;em&gt;Mx.&lt;/em&gt; Quizás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mismo no encuentro ninguna aparición de la expresión tal cual ni en el CORDE ni en el CREA, así que no puedo decir nada acerca de su posible origen. La única hipótesis que tengo es que venga originada por una frase de este estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque, como dice Juan, da igual. Sí, para todo efecto práctico, da igual... y no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- María Luisa Puga, &quot;La forma del silencio&quot;, México (1987)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase da a entender que podría dar igual o no, lo que a su vez podría haber generado el &quot;igual y no&quot; del habla coloquial, significando &quot;a lo mejor no&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T12:07:20.790" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:07:20.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18591" CreationDate="2016-10-28T12:12:23.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems to be a rare case in which Diccionario de americanismos does not mention any Mexican-specific definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=xuefqWMQsx0AJMZ8Vfb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rodar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  intr. Mx. Caer un caballo hacia delante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  tr. Ch. Desgastar algo o alguien un tornillo, tuerca o una pieza similar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  tr. CR. Ganar la voluntad de alguien con halagos para conseguir de él algo y, generalmente, para engañarlo. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  □&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    ~ a patadas. loc. verb. Mx. Derribar algo o a alguien a puntapiés. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b. ǁ    ~ tierras. loc. verb. Mx. Viajar, visitar otros lugares distintos al propio. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  c. ǁ    ~lo ponchado. loc. verb. Cu. Estar alguien muy deteriorado físicamente para su edad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither does the DRAE, where we can find an entry that can refer to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WarJHV2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rodar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. rotāre 'mover circularmente', 'caer dando vueltas', der. de rota 'rueda'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Conjug. c. contar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Hacer que un automóvil marche sin rebasar las velocidades prescritas por el fabricante para el rodaje.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Registrar imágenes en una película cinematográfica. Rodó el incidente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Actuar en una película o dirigirla. Rodará su próxima película en París.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. tr. Pasar o proyectar la película a mano por medio de un proyector.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. tr. C. Rica. engatusar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. intr. Dicho de un cuerpo: Dar vueltas alrededor de un eje, sin mudar de lugar, como la piedra de un molino, o mudando, como la bola que corre por el suelo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;7. intr. Moverse por medio de ruedas. &lt;em&gt;El automóvil rodó lentamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. intr. Caer dando vueltas por una pendiente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  9. intr. Dicho de una cosa: No tener colocación fija.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  10. intr. Ir de un lado para otro sin fijarse o establecerse en sitio determinado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  11. intr. Dicho del dinero: Abundar o correr. En aquella casa rueda el dinero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  12. intr. Andar inútilmente en pretensiones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  13. intr. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Estar pronta y dispuesta para servir a otra y hacer cuanto mande o pida, por difícil que sea. Estaba dispuesto a rodar POR aquel amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing some research I found out that in Argentina they say &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=ride&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;andar en bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but nothing about some Mexican-specific term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling a little bit I found many Mexican websites that refer to this. However, I also notices a little amount from Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hsbnoticias.com/noticias/bogota/la-escuela-de-la-bicicleta-nuevo-programa-para-rodar-en-bogo-219664&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;‘La Escuela de la Bicicleta’: nuevo programa para &lt;strong&gt;rodar&lt;/strong&gt; en Bogotá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elespectador.com/vivir/buen-viaje-vip/rodar-cerca-de-bogota-destinos-donde-bici-vida-articulo-561428&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rodar&lt;/strong&gt; cerca de Bogotá, destinos donde la “bici” es vida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eluniversal.com.co/deportes/siete-sucrenos-iran-al-valle-rodar-en-bicicleta-219135&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Siete sucreños irán al Valle a &lt;strong&gt;rodar&lt;/strong&gt; en bicicleta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also one from a Spanish newspaper (which may be explained by a journalist being from Mexico or Colombia):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20160426/401376487772/dani-alves-aprovecha-el-dia-libre-para-rodar-en-bici.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dani Alves aprovecha el día libre para &lt;strong&gt;rodar&lt;/strong&gt; en bici&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, my experience in Spain with the word &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; is to be used in a context of a group of people training for competitions. With this verb you can refer to running as well. Then, in these groups of people it is typical to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta mañana he rodado una hora por la montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expressing some aerobic exercise training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up: it seems that Mexico is not the only place to use &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; in this context, having Colombia as a place in which this is used as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding how long has this expression been used for, I cannot tell: Ngram does not show references for &lt;em&gt;rodar bicicleta&lt;/em&gt;, while looking for &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt; alone has too much noise to distinguish this subset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:12:23.160" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14732" CreationDate="2016-10-28T13:36:56.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, los llamamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.planetamama.com.ar/nota/t%C3%ADteres-de-mano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Títeres de mano&lt;/a&gt; y se pueden construir con bolsas de papel, con medias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segun cita &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.planetamama.com.ar/nota/caracter%C3%ADsticas-del-beb%C3%A9-6-meses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;planetamama,&lt;/a&gt; en su nota &lt;em&gt;Características del bebé de 6 meses&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con una esponja- títere, algún títere de colores contrastantes o simplemente con una media de algodón blanca y nueva en la que podamos dibujar una carita con marcador indeleble, es posible entretenerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14089" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T13:39:27.383" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T13:39:27.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18600" CreationDate="2016-10-28T13:44:46.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la primera frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sépase, pues libertad / Ha engendrado en mi pereza / La Pobreza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se nota que hay un hipérbaton, o sea un &quot;desorden&quot; sintáctico intencional. Podría ordenarse así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sépase, pues, [que] la pobreza ha engendrado libertad en mi pereza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que yo interpreto así: &quot;tengan en cuenta que la pobreza es la causa de que yo vague con total libertad&quot;. Pero esto es totalmente discutible, lo ofrezco como posibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la segunda frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién gasta su opilación / Con oro y no con acero? / El Dinero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece referirse a una costumbre de moda en el siglo de oro, que era comer &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAcaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;búcaros&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (vasijas de barro) generando una obstrucción intestinal llamada &quot;opilación&quot;, a la que se atribuían propiedades anticonceptivas y un aspecto anémico bastante prestigioso. Para curar la opilación se usaban polvos de hierro o beber unas aguas de &quot;la fuente del Acero&quot;. Por cierto, el verbo &quot;gastar&quot; antes también significaba &quot;digerir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces yo la interpreto así: &quot;El dinero te permite obtener prestigio y otras bondades sin necesidad de complicados tratamientos&quot;. También es solo una proposición de mi parte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T16:16:07.077" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T16:16:07.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5781" CreationDate="2016-10-28T14:15:48.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are referring specifically to Spanish dialects, and not indigenous or native-american tongues, which then I would say there are 3 different &quot;accents&quot; and one dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The northern accent tends to be harsh and blunt, spoken loudly and with an overly grand emphasis on the last syllable of words and sentences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/f30VX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/f30VX.png&quot; alt=&quot;A rough map of accents distribution by state in Mexico&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we have the Central Accent, which you can hear in Jalisco, Zacatecas, Puebla and of course Mexico city and surrounding states. Puebla has a more marked and stressed accent, but it is in the same style, varying the pitch and timbre of the voice from grave to acute as in waves. It is commonly described as &quot;cantadito&quot; or &quot;like singing&quot;; in this accent the final vowels of the sentences, specially in interrogative form, are markedly prolonged while pitching the voice higher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The coastal accent, common in Veracruz, Tabasco, Guerrero and Baja California Sur, is opposite the northern accent: they will speak in a low volume, very fast, and blurring their vowels, for what sounds like an hissing &quot;h&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in the Yucatan peninsula, the accent is similar to the coastal variety described above, however, the meaning of quite a lot of words and sentences, for some strange reason is inverted or is just nonsensical to anyone who is not accustomed to the local idiosyncrasies. That is called &quot;Yucateco&quot; and could probably be a dialect because of the difficulty in understanding what is being said. You hear Spanish, but yucatecos understand something entirely different than what you thought you heard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although all other 3 variant accents of Spanish in Mexico are mutually intelligible, people from those 3 regions will find it amusingly hard to understand a speaker from the Mexican Caribbean coast. They also commonly use quite a few loan words from Maya language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example, the phrase &quot;Busco el lápiz que perdí, pero no lo busco&quot; (I am looking for the pencil I lost, but I don't look for it, in a literal sense) is perfectly understood by people from Yucatan for whom &quot;Buscar&quot; (search) is the same as &quot;find&quot;. Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://elyucateco.blogspot.com/p/palabras-mas-comunes-de-un-yucateco.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yucateco vocabulary listing from a local blog&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another exception, albeit a very localize one, is the northern state of Sonora's capital city, Hermosillo. In a similar vein to yucateco, in this city you may hear particularly strange words, that sound Spanish but you will not find on any dictionary. Again locals will get it immediately, and many who live there don't realize it until they visit other parts of Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sample phrase from Hermosillo (part humorous, part serious attempt to realize the probable loan words from the Yaqui indian language) would be &quot;El buki bichi a papuchi dando tatahuila en el zoquete&quot; (literally &quot;the naked kid, mounted on someone's shoulders, turning around in the mud&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-09-08T16:23:21.467" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T16:23:21.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18432" CreationDate="2016-10-28T14:41:10.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo interesante comparar las entradas en el DRAE con las que hay en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=2tZJTZDZ9x0ASpwr0g1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos para la palabra &lt;em&gt;bote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=2tZJTZDZ9x0ASpwr0g1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  m. Mx, Gu, Ho, Ni, CR, Bo, Ch; Cu, delinc; Ec, juv. Cárcel. pop + cult → espon. ◆ chirola; cholpa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Cu. Vehículo de la policía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  Bo. Celda en un retén policial. delinc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  m. Mx. Nalga de una persona. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;III.  1.  m. Ur; Ar, p.u. Automóvil grande y lujoso. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ur. Ómnibus. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IV.   1.  m. Co. Vuelta ligera dada por alguien en el aire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;V.    1.  m. Ur; Ar, p.u. Zapato muy grande. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VI.   1.  m. Ve. Salida de gas o líquido por un orificio o abertura producido accidentalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VII.  1.  m. CR. Acción de pasar a la palma de la mano un trompo que está bailando y arrojarlo nuevamente al sitio donde se tomó para que continúe rotando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VIII. (De botar).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  Pa. aventón, autoestop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay entradas compuestas del tipo &lt;em&gt;bote de basura&lt;/em&gt;, pero no las copio porque no parecen relevantes para el caso que nos incumbe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por tanto, de las que comentas veo que dos sí están descritas&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) (&lt;em&gt;de botar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. Pan. &lt;strong&gt;aventón&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ autoestop).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincide con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VIII. (De botar).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  Pa. aventón, autoestop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(3) (&lt;em&gt;Del ingl. ant. bāt.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. coloq. Guat., Hond. y Méx. &lt;strong&gt;prisión&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ cárcel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincide con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  m. Mx, Gu, Ho, Ni, CR, Bo, Ch; Cu, delinc; Ec, juv. Cárcel. pop + cult → espon. ◆ chirola; cholpa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;La siguiente no tiene referencias&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(6) 1. m. Cuba. &lt;strong&gt;Hoja pequeña de tabaco, después del primer corte, usada para la picadura.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google no encuentro entradas relevantes más allá de alguna que menciona esta entrada del diccionario. Lo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18377/1674&quot;&gt;consulté&lt;/a&gt; a un usuario cubano, ojalá pueda contestar en algún momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/em&gt; la introdujo en 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Y otra se usa en Soria&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(4) (&lt;em&gt;Del germ. *bukko; cf. a. al. medio boc, a. al. ant. bukk, al. Bock.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. rur. coloq. Sor. &lt;strong&gt;cabrón&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ macho de la cabra).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, &lt;em&gt;rur. coloq. Sor.&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;rural coloquial Soria&lt;/em&gt;, donde esta es una provincia española cercana a Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra vez el &lt;em&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/em&gt; sale en nuestra ayuda para indicarnos que sus definiciones previas eran:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2001: &lt;em&gt;1. f. coloq. rur. Sor. macho cabrío.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1992: &lt;em&gt;f. Sor. macho cabrío.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1925: &lt;em&gt;6. Boche, 1.er art.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1884: &lt;em&gt;Boche, 1.er art.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5jHlfag%7C5jIrN38%7C5jK6PFt%7C5jKPcB6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boche&lt;/a&gt; vemos que se nos redirige actualmente a buche:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6DBWrje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buche&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De la voz buch, con que se llama a este animal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Asno recién nacido y mientras mama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el uso de &lt;em&gt;asno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;, siempre ha tenido adeptos en el uso como insulto. Desconozco si se usa aún. Teniendo en cuenta lo pequeña que es Soria (menos de cien mil habitantes, según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Soria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt;) y que parece de un ámbito muy rural, dudo que se use demasiado y probablemente la RAE lo mantiene como algo histórico. Es el tipo de palabras que si no estuviera ya en el diccionario, dudo que se la aceptara hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T14:41:10.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18433" CreationDate="2016-10-28T15:48:08.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de este tipo de frases es muy común y familiar, sobre todo en las familias latinoamericanas, cuya dinámica social implica frecuentemente la convivencia con la familia extendida, de esta manera los niños que están desarrollando su vocabulario tienen la oportunidad de enriquecerlo con los refranes, dichos y palabras que otrora fueran mas populares, al conversar con abuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;No hay mal que por bien no venga&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es una o de esos &lt;strong&gt;refranes&lt;/strong&gt; que en una &lt;em&gt;corta&lt;/em&gt; frase, &lt;em&gt;memorable&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;directa&lt;/em&gt; dejan una &lt;em&gt;enseñanza profunda&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, Para cualquier hispanoparlante, el sentido de la frase, siempre es claro: Cuando sufrimos una calamidad, debemos tener la certeza que a cambio, habra una recompensa: es una frase de anhelo, apoyo y esperanza; usada para reconfortar a quien esta pasando por &quot;un mal&quot; recordandole que todo mal resulta en algo bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una expresion totalmente equivalente en ingles es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Every cloud has a silver lining&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: (&quot;Toda nube esta forrada de plata&quot;): de nuevo transmite esperanza: Aun que la nube tape el sol, lo veremos reflejado tarde o temprano en el forro de plata que portan todas las nubes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a tus preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es correcta la conversión que he hecho?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Totalmente, tal vez no conectaste con la expresión equivalente en tu idioma. &gt;Suele suceder con las expresiones idiomáticas: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Its raining cats and dogs&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &gt;Literalmente es &quot;&lt;em&gt;Llueven perros y gatos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; pero la expresión idiomática correcta es &quot;&lt;em&gt;Esta lloviendo a cántaros&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (Literalmente: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Its raining by the potful&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Esa construcción era habitual en su época?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sigue siendo una frase vigente, y muy socorrida en todos los niveles socioeconomicos del mundo hispanoparlante y cualquiera reconoceria el significado. En el caribe (Colombia, Cuba, Puerto Rico) se acostumbra cerrar el circulo de la frase: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay mal que por bien no venga, ni bien que su mal no tenga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Este tipo de construcción se utiliza en otras expresiones hoy día?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde luego, hay toda una gama de expresiones idiomaticas, refranes y dichos que siguen ese estilo barroco y curioso para transmitir en pocas palabras un gran contenido, desarrollado previamente por el entorno cultural. Viene a la mente, hyablando de esperanza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando Dios cierra una puerta, siempre abre una ventana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No por mucho madrugar, amanece mas temprano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni tanto que queme al santo, ni tanto que no lo alumbre &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When God shuts a door, He also always opens a window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The sun will not rise earlier no matter how much you try to beat it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not so close that the saint would catch fire, nor so far that its overshadowed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los sentidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esperanza&lt;/strong&gt;, pierdes una oportunidad por voluntad divina, pero hay siempre otra, solo hay que buscar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esfuerzos mal dirigidos&lt;/strong&gt;: El sol siempre saldrá a la hora que sale, sin importar los esfuerzos que uno mismo haga por levantarse mas temprano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moderación&lt;/strong&gt;: (este es uno de mis favoritos, se refiere a las veladoras que se acostumbra encender para orar y honrar a algún santo de la iglesia católica, pues es tradición que cada uno de estos santos concede favores específicos, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;San Antonio encuentra pareja a los solteros&lt;/em&gt;. La mesura se implica al recordar que por mucha urgencia de recibir un favor, no debemos acercar la vela a la figura del santo como para que le prenda fuego, ni debemos dejarla tan lejos, de manera que la figura del santo queda en la oscuridad. De igual manera, al pedir por ejemplo un aumento salarial, hay que hacerlo amablemente y con moderacion y firmeza: no timida mente (no le da la luz al santo) ni exigiendo con  arrogancia (quemando al santo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi fuente es el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Ficha.aspx?Par=59187&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;El refranero multilingue&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Instituto Virtual Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; un invaluable recurso que nos presenta expresiones sinonimas en varios idiomas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T15:48:08.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2016-10-28T15:57:51.843" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rule of thumb tiene un sentido muy particular en las areas tecnicas y de ingenieria. La frase equivalente es &quot;Regla de la mano derecha&quot; que tiene exactamente el mismo origien y signifado que rule of thumb. Es una nemotecnia que trasciende el campo en el que se usa, ya que el gatillo de memoria esta en tu mano, por lo que siempre podras recordar la regla aplicable, por eso la acepcion de &quot;regla general&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del artículo de la Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regla_de_la_mano_derecha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regla de la mano derecha&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La regla de la mano derecha o del sacacorchos es un método para determinar direcciones vectoriales, y tiene como base los planos cartesianos. Se emplea prácticamente en dos maneras; para direcciones y movimientos vectoriales lineales, y para movimientos y direcciones rotacionales. Se usa para determinar tambien el sentido de una corriente electrica inducida por un campo magnetico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QiD5Gm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QiD5Gm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Regla de la mano derecha&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T14:07:45.043" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T14:07:45.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18579" CreationDate="2016-10-28T19:22:22.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, resulta que la Wikipedia tenía la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navarroaragon%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;navarroaragonés&lt;/a&gt; era una lengua romance hablada en el valle del Ebro durante la Edad Media. Dentro del navarroaragonés hubo varios dialectos. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_navarro&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;romance navarro&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo, que se caracterizaba (entre otras cosas) porque los fonemas palatales /ɲ/ (ñ) y /ʎ/ (ll) se representaban mediante i antepuesta (-in-, -ill-, -yll-). Y también el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riojano_precastellano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;riojano precastellano&lt;/a&gt;, el cual en la escritura empleaba grafemas navarros: &lt;em&gt;quoatro&lt;/em&gt; (u muda), &lt;em&gt;yn/ynn&lt;/em&gt; (por ñ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto cuadra, porque los documentos que encontré con estas características eran de las zonas mencionadas (Zaragoza sobre todo). Y el Vidal Mayor es una compilación de los fueros de Aragón. Con lo cual al final la teoría válida era la de que los textos estaban escritos en una lengua ibérica romance diferente a la que generó el castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T19:22:22.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18602" CreationDate="2016-10-28T19:29:55.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente proviene de Grecia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevarse el gato al agua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gato de esta expresión es una forma metafórica de indicar cómo se&#xA;  dejaba al adversario tras un ejercicio de resistencia y fuerza (a&#xA;  cuatro patas, o lo que es lo mismo… a gatas) y que ya se practicaba en&#xA;  la Antigua Grecia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En sus inicios, este ejercicio se realizaba en las instrucciones&#xA;  militares y con los años ha acabado convirtiéndose es el famoso juego&#xA;  llamado ‘tira y afloja’, el cual consiste en que dos grupos&#xA;  contrincantes tiran cada uno desde una extremidad, hasta&#xA;  tumbar/arrastrar unos a los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En sus orígenes se realizaba teniendo un charco o rio de por medio y&#xA;  ganaba aquel equipo que lograba lanzar al suelo y arrastrar a sus&#xA;  contrincantes hacia el terreno de ellos, cruzando la línea divisoria&#xA;  que marcaba el agua. De ahí que quedasen &lt;strong&gt;a gatas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/tag/andar-a-gatas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;El origen de algunas expresiones que nombran un animal y que nada tienen que ver con animales&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, Alfred López (02/07/2016)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13722" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-11T15:37:57.010" LastActivityDate="2019-09-11T15:37:57.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21464" CreationDate="2016-10-29T01:15:24.160" Score="3" ViewCount="16860" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo un libro, encontré este pasaje: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Qué ocurrencias! Viera que yo estuviera vivo, ¡de tarugo mi iba a acercar a oír lo que dijera un muerto! &lt;strong&gt;Como que&lt;/strong&gt; pensaría que los muertos no tienen nada que decir. Están&#xA;  muertos pues. &lt;strong&gt;Como que&lt;/strong&gt; su trabajo de los muertos es andar&#xA;  espantando y no hablando. Yo me acuerdo que en mi tierra se decía que&#xA;  los muertos que caminan todavía, es porque tienen algún pendiente y&#xA;  por eso no están quietos. En mi tierra así se decía.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- &lt;em&gt;El fuego y la palabra: una historia del movimiento Zapatista&lt;/em&gt;, Gloria Muñoz Ramírez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este contexto, ¿qué significa la expresión &quot;como que&quot;? ¿Hay algún ejemplo que muestre cómo usarlo en otras situaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="5307" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T07:16:35.003" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T06:53:52.013" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión &quot;como que&quot;? / What does the phrase &quot;como que&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18615" CreationDate="2016-10-29T10:55:29.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto creo que es mexicano, en España este texto no tiene sentido, habría que trascribir completo. Aquí podría usarse &amp;quot;como si&amp;quot;, pero como ya he dicho cambiándolo todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me ayudas con el trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como si&lt;/strong&gt; yo no tuviera ya bastante que hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14097" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T10:55:29.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18548" CreationDate="2016-10-29T11:17:14.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muerte&lt;/strong&gt; se usa habitualmente cuando hablamos. Es un concepto general y puede referirse a algo acontecido, que esta por llegar, o solo es una idea. Es el sustantivo. El verbo sería &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos uso sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente teme la muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fumar te conducirá a la muerte. (expresión cotidiana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vivir supone una muerte segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos uso verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente teme morir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fumar te conducirá a morir. (suena raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vivir supone morir seguro. (suena raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan se murió el lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deceso&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;fallecimiento&lt;/strong&gt; son más formales.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Deceso&lt;/strong&gt; se usa raramente, en documentos básicamente, y es sustantivo.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Fallecimiento&lt;/strong&gt; es sustantivo y &lt;strong&gt;fallecer&lt;/strong&gt; el verbo. Se usan en documentos y para hablar (aunque más formalmente que &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;muerte&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos con sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente teme el fallecimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fumar te conducirá al fallecimiento. (suena muy raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vivir supone un fallecimiento seguro. (suena bastante raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente teme fallecer. (suena raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos con verbo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fumar te conducirá a fallecer. (suena raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vivir supone fallecer seguro. (suena raro pero no tiene nada malo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan falleció el lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ha fallecido Pepito Palotes, el entierro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah. Una cosa más &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;muerte&lt;/strong&gt; se aplica a todo, personas, animales, plantas... incluso se habla de la muerte de objetos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las estrellas mueren después de cientos de miles de años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha muerto mi TV. tengo que comprarme otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deceso&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;fallecimiento&lt;/strong&gt; se usan con personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14097" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T11:17:14.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-29T13:11:37.920" Score="2" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated &quot;tar&quot; into Spanish. There are three translations there: &quot;alquitrán, brea, zopisa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tar = &quot;a dark, thick flammable liquid distilled from wood or coal, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, resins, alcohols, and other compounds. It is used in road-making and for coating and preserving timber.&quot; - Google definition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am studying the difference between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;alquitrán = &quot;Líquido viscoso, de color muy oscuro y fuerte olor, que se obtiene de la destilación de maderas resinosas, carbones, petróleo, pizarras y otros materiales.&quot; or &quot;Composición de pez, sebo, grasa, resina y aceite, muy inflamable, que se usó como arma incendiaria.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;brea = &quot;Sustancia viscosa de color rojo oscuro que se obtiene haciendo destilar al fuego la madera de varios árboles de la clase de las coníferas, y que se emplea en medicina como pectoral y antiséptico.&quot; or &quot;Especie de lienzo muy basto y embreado con que se suelen cubrir y forrar los fardos de ropa y cajones, para su resguardo en los transportes.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;zopisa = &quot;brea&quot; or &quot;Resina de pino.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T17:37:32.303" Title="tar in Spanish: alquitrán, brea, zopisa" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18618" CreationDate="2016-10-29T17:37:32.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't get into technical differences about these substances, but I can tell you that the translation of &lt;em&gt;tar&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;alquitrán&lt;/strong&gt;. At least the Wikipedia pages of &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alquitr%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alquitrán&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tar&lt;/a&gt; are linked together (when you change the language). And about the &lt;em&gt;brea&lt;/em&gt;, it translates as &quot;pitch&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently there are different types of pitch, one of which is derived from tar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T17:37:32.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18620" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-29T18:11:03.893" Score="5" ViewCount="379" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would you call the thing on this image?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9XGCX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9XGCX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for the general term or hypernym, I know that it has more types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wheat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;barley&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rye&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions: trigo de maiz, plantas de cereales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T22:37:58.430" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T16:44:11.250" Title="general term for wheat, barley, oat, rye" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18620" CreationDate="2016-10-29T18:26:34.233" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not necessary to say &lt;em&gt;plantas de cereales&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Cereales&lt;/strong&gt; alone is enough. For example, when you say &quot;un campo de cereales&quot; you're implicitly understood to mean &quot;un campo de &lt;em&gt;plantas de&lt;/em&gt; cereales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;granos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gramíneas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2016-11-05T16:44:11.250" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T16:44:11.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-29T22:11:10.627" Score="2" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence in question is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gobernador &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; extendió el perdón al prisionero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word 'le' seems redundant to me. I know it means (to) him. Is not the object specified directly (al prisionero)? Will the sentence be still correct if we remove 'le'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T22:17:54.487" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T15:41:41.780" Title="Is &quot;le&quot; redundant in &quot;El gobernador 'le' extendió el perdón al prisionero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18629" CreationDate="2016-10-30T00:31:45.780" Score="1" ViewCount="967" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is the informal way to say such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te das un regalo. | You give yourself a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this, then, a formal way of the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le das un regalo. | You give yourself a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above, of course, assumes that the context is well known when this is spoken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, is the following grammatically correct for formal speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les das lo que quieren. | You give yourselves what you all want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;***Update to provide more context to this question***&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm taking a course on Memrise.com, and came across the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da un regalo todos los días. | He gives me presents every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le doy un regalo todos los años. | I give her presents every year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hermano les da un perro todos los años. | My brother gives them a dog every year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les damos zapatos todos los años. | We give them shoes every year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now I'm endeavoring to help my brain assimilate the various conjugations (present tense) of darse with the various indirect object pronouns by composing my own sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me doy un regalo. | I give myself a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te doy un regalo. | I give you a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me das un regalo. | You give me a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te das un regalo. | You give yourself a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I come to StackExchange because I'm not sure the sentences I constructed are proper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, here's one that confuses me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le das un regalo. | You give him/her/you(formal) a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When addressing someone in 2nd person &lt;strong&gt;formal&lt;/strong&gt;, I'm not sure how to rid the above sentence of ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T17:31:07.317" Title="How to say, &quot;You give yourself a gift&quot;, in formal speech?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-30T11:48:53.267" Score="1" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is it that people use &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo fueron tus vacaciones?&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo eran tus vacaciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that when you're decribing situations you should use &lt;em&gt;el imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;el pasado&lt;/em&gt; is only used when you're doing things consecutively or when there is a specific time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14103" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T15:45:00.167" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T15:45:00.167" Title="My questions is about the distinction between el tiempo pasado and el imperfecto" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-10-30T16:55:07.387" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-30T13:28:40.947" Score="2" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing to my pen pal in Madrid as a way to get better at written Spanish. I am trying to tell her that my mother finds her job tiring but rewarding. Does this sentence make sense and if not could you please offer some suggestions for a rewrite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella piensa que es agotador, pero muy gratificante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T08:04:03.360" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:22:22.707" Title="Does &quot;Ella piensa que es agotador, pero muy gratificante&quot; make sense when writing a letter?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-10-30T15:24:04.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &quot;You give yourself a gift&quot; is like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te has regalado un capricho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asume, in this context, gift = capricho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué chaqueta más bonita! ¿Te has regalado un capricho?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a more detailed explanation, post a example and I will translate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14106" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-30T16:53:37.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T16:53:37.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18625" CreationDate="2016-10-30T15:36:55.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &quot;my mother finds her job tiring but rewarding.&quot;, you could say something like you told, which is exactly what do you want to say, but there is another way to say the same but using a formal registry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre encuentra su trabajo cansado, pero resulta provechoso y bien remunerado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14106" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T07:44:04.990" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T07:44:04.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18622" CreationDate="2016-10-30T15:41:41.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Greatings from Spain, Fire758.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 'le' is redundant or not depends on the context. In formal registry, we told &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gobernador extendió el perdón al prisionero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because we don't want to emphasize the figure who performs the verbal action. If you want to emphasize the person, you can use 'le'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a good day!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14106" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T15:41:41.780" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-10-30T16:42:18.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, there is a number of nuances you may want to keep in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all you want is to put the plain &lt;em&gt;te das un regalo&lt;/em&gt; addessing the recipient in a more polite way (usted), you may write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se da un regalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This adds some ambiguity, since missing some more context it might be interpreted as third person (he gives himself a gift). In order to disambiguate, you can insert an &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se da usted un regalo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Usted se da un regalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(which, depending on the region, may even be more idiomatic than the previous). Which of both word orders to choose will depend on context: if the phrase is just that, stand alone, I'd choose the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other option is to make the &lt;em&gt;yourself&lt;/em&gt; part more explicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se da un regalo a Ud. mismo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Ud. se da un regalo a sí mismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(note that Ud. is but the common abbreviation for usted). I'm not sure, but this might sound redundant to the English-speaker. In Spanish this kind of redundance is not always wrong. (As isn't double negation, that may even &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=nada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;be the norm&lt;/a&gt; in some cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Carlos Vásquez suggests, &lt;em&gt;darse un regalo&lt;/em&gt; may sound a little rigid. Other option is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=darse%20un%20capricho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;darse un capricho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (to indulge, treat oneself): &lt;em&gt;[Usted] se da un capricho [a Ud. mismo]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le das un regalo&lt;/em&gt; would actually mean &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;You give&lt;/em&gt; him &lt;em&gt;a gift&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (the verb is still second person, implying a &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; rather than an &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your second question, I see two ways to read the original English sentence: 1) meaning they can give themselves whatever they want, or 2) they can give themselves that one thing we all know all of them want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one might translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dense lo que quieran&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Dense is formed by &lt;em&gt;den&lt;/em&gt;, plural present imperative of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; plus the reflexive &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;), while the second one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dense eso que quieren&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dense lo que quieren&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would notice that the first one uses subjunctive mood (since you don't know what they want), while the second one uses the indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the verb &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; alone doesn't sound quite natural. The options that come to my mind involve adding a little context, like &lt;em&gt;tomen lo que quieran&lt;/em&gt; (take what[ever] you [pl.] want) or &lt;em&gt;dense ese capricho que quieren&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T16:42:18.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18631" CreationDate="2016-10-30T19:01:59.763" Score="0" ViewCount="550" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una muchedumbre de mujeres libres enriquecieron hasta el delirio las&#xA;  viejas cantinas de la calle Ancha, que fuera después el camellón&#xA;  Abello y ahora es el paseo Colón, &lt;strong&gt;en esta ciudad de mi alma&lt;/strong&gt; tan&#xA;  apreciada de propios y ajenos por la buena índole de su gente y la&#xA;  pureza de su luz. (Garcia Marquez, Memorias de mis putas tristes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Translation (Grossman):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A crowd of free women&#xA;  enriched to the point of delirium the old taverns along Calle Anche, which later was known as Camellَn Abello,&#xA;  and now is called Paseo Colَn, &lt;strong&gt;in this city of my soul&lt;/strong&gt; loved so much by both natives and outsiders for the good&#xA;  character of its people and the purity of its light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not seem to be able to understand what the author means by &quot;esta ciudad de mi alma&quot; or &quot;this city of my soul&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T19:18:27.263" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;esta ciudad de mi alma&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18630" CreationDate="2016-10-30T19:15:06.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Esta ciudad de mi alma&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, in Spanish language, means that is like the first love you had when you were young. &lt;strong&gt;You love the city so so so much and you can't live without it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The traduction &quot;this city of my soul&quot; doesn't correspond with the spanish expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you understand me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14106" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-30T19:18:27.263" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T19:18:27.263" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-30T23:48:48.627" Score="0" ViewCount="9993" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las ediciones de 1970 y anteriores del Diccionario de la Lengua definen (con mínimas diferencias) &lt;strong&gt;mogollón&lt;/strong&gt; como    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Holgazán, vago, gorrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entremetimiento de uno donde no le llaman o no es convidado.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero las ediciones de 2001 y actual del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PWD37Gs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; recogen  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. p. us. &lt;strong&gt;holgazán&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. p. us. &lt;strong&gt;gorrón&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ que vive a costa ajena).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Gran cantidad o gran número.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Lío, jaleo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;mucho.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué fue adquiriendo esos nuevos significados, y en fechas tan recientes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T00:39:26.980" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T00:39:26.980" Title="¿Por qué &quot;mogollón&quot; adquirió el significado de &quot;mucho&quot;, &quot;gran cantidad&quot; y &quot;jaleo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18632" CreationDate="2016-10-31T07:55:37.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buen descubrimiento. Una palabra que yo me creía moderna pero que es más vieja que el andar hacia adelante. Efectivamente, en 1611 ya Covarrubias lo definía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MOGOLLON. Este es un termino antiguo y muy usado, y poco entendido: a algunos les parece sinificar el corderillo que ha quedado sin madre, y acude a mamar a las demas ovejas la leche de los propios suyos: y dixose del verbo Latino &lt;em&gt;mulgeo&lt;/em&gt;, que quiere dezir &lt;em&gt;ordeñar&lt;/em&gt;; y en rigor, segun lo dicho está corrompido el vocablo de &lt;em&gt;mulgollon&lt;/em&gt;. El padre Guadix le tiene por Arabigo: y dize, que vale tanto como comer sin escorar, comer de mogollon. Otros dizen, que viene del nombre Mugali, que significa bullicioso y entremetido en Arabigo, y tal es el que se sienta a mesa agena sin que le combiden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosa definición sin duda, pero que ya define la expresión &quot;de mogollón&quot;, que se puede encontrar en textos tan antiguos como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La hortolana la myró y le dyxo: &quot;¿Allá donde os cavalgastes no pudystes yr a paryr, syno después de hechos vuestros malos rrecauos, salys os a paryr por los campos, y myentra estarés mala que os den de comer &lt;strong&gt;de mogollón&lt;/strong&gt;? Aquí no ay qué comáys -poné vuestras haldas encyerra y tornaos a la vylla para paryr en hora mala. Apretá los dyentes; apretá y enpuxá rrezyo -que en ese serón pary yo sola este hijo myo y de my marydo- y no hecho a hurtadyllas.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &quot;La corónica de Adramón&quot;, España (c. 1492)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este sentido de la expresión ha sido el predominante en la expresión escrita hasta hace relativamente poco. La primera coincidencia de &quot;mogollón&quot; usado con el sentido de &quot;mucho&quot; aparece en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dijo que iba a echar conmigo unos diítas de descanso, pero vaya con el descanso: tenía que ver a un señor (el teléfono), y luego otra cosa de los negocios (el teléfono), y conferencia con Bilbao y comer con otros dos señores (el teléfono): fíjate tú que descanso el suyo, en vez de darle un martillazo al teléfono y quedarse un poquito tranquilo, ¿no?; él ya con un malhumó grande y tomando pastillas pa los nervios cuando él mismo se estaba echando encima aquel &lt;strong&gt;mogollón&lt;/strong&gt; de trabajo y se había ido a Málaga a descansar conmigo. Y eso dicen que es bueno, andar como los locos, que ya parece tonto el que no anda como un loco y eso es el pogrezo, o sea, el adelanto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Fernando Quiñones, &quot;Las mil noches de Hortensia Romero&quot;, España (1979)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que este texto está escrito imitando el habla, por lo que la expresión surgiría bastante antes. Sobre la adición de nuevos significados a la expresión, no encuentro nada pero me atrevería a decir que es una consecuencia lógica de las anteriores. Según el CORDE, el uso mayoritario de la palabra era en su forma &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PWD37Gs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;de mogollón&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significado &quot;de balde&quot;, &quot;de gorra&quot;. Cuando una persona come gratis, lo normal es que active lo que yo llamo &quot;el modo buffet libre&quot; y se atiborre a comer como si no hubiera un mañana. A fin de cuentas, otros están pagando por su comida, y no sabe cuándo se verá en una similar. Por tanto, una persona que come &quot;de mogollón&quot; es normal que coma &quot;un mogollón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la otra acepción, la de &quot;jaleo&quot;, tampoco es tan nueva, fíjate que Covarrubias ya identificaba el término con &quot;bullicioso&quot;. En realidad, un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6HVdG9T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bullicio&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es un ruido causado por la concurrencia de mucha gente. Es decir, un &quot;mogollón&quot; es &quot;un mogollón de gente&quot;, un &quot;bullicio&quot;, un &quot;jaleo&quot;. Al final, todos los significados están interconectados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T07:55:37.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T09:49:35.897" Score="4" ViewCount="1934" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a phrase that would translate to &quot;that sucks&quot; or &quot;aw man,&quot; but is more formal and not slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a good expression in Spanish to respond to someone who says they're a little sick or tired?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like &quot;lo siento&quot; isn't exactly what I'm trying to say, although that's the best I can think of for now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14112" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T13:33:06.553" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T21:38:11.520" Title="How do you express mild sympathy in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18635" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T09:57:35.117" Score="1" ViewCount="3706" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;me coloqué&quot; en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/sociedad/abci-no-tenia-300-euros-para-cocaina-y-coloque-solo-20-201610302134_noticia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una noticia&lt;/a&gt; y un joven decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenía para cocaína y &lt;strong&gt;me coloqué&lt;/strong&gt; por 20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14113" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T14:03:00.060" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T14:03:00.060" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;me coloqué&quot; en España?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T09:58:26.953" Score="5" ViewCount="786" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curioseando un poco he descubierto hoy que &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c49zchc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vosotros&lt;/a&gt;&quot; viene de &quot;vos + otros&quot;, y no al revés como yo pensaba (creía que &quot;vos&quot; era una abreviatura de &quot;vosotros&quot;). Eso quiere decir que en el español medieval se decía &quot;vos&quot; para la segunda persona del singular, y &quot;vos otros&quot; para la segunda del plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, veo en el CORDE este caso del siglo XIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algún moro astroso, que sabe encantar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  fyzo aquel dïablo en syerpe fygurar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por amor que podiesse &lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; espantar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con este tal engaño cuydáronnos torvar.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &quot;Poema de Fernán González&quot;, España (c. 1250)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y este otro de ya entrado el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desde oy dia e hora en adelante que esta carta es fecha nos partimos e quitamos e desapoderamos de la tenençia, e posesion e juro, e sennorio, e propriedad dellas, e lo damos e traspasamos en vos, los dichos pobres, para que sea vuestro libre e quito e desenbargado para sienpre jamas, para &lt;strong&gt;vos otros&lt;/strong&gt; e vuestros suçesores en la dicha casa de Sant Lazaro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &quot;Carta de cambio [Colección diplomática de Santo Toribio de Liébana]&quot;, España (1502)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que ambas formas parecieron convivir durante un tiempo. Mi pregunta es si ambas formas (la separada y la que no) significaban lo mismo durante este periodo de tiempo. Dada la formalidad del segundo texto, es como si entre &quot;vosotros&quot; y &quot;vos otros&quot; hubiese la misma diferencia entre &quot;tú&quot; y &quot;vos&quot; (uno coloquial y el otro cortés). ¿Es esto así? ¿O se corresponden con diferentes lenguas romances como pasó al final con lo del &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18579/12637&quot;&gt;aynno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T21:36:31.617" Title="¿Significaban lo mismo &quot;vosotros&quot; y &quot;vos otros&quot; en el siglo XV?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18634" CreationDate="2016-10-31T09:58:44.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to say this, but in Spain I would use some interjections of surprise like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Caramba!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ostras!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you can add something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuídate / Que te mejores / Descansa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a very slang way you can say something quite strong, that it is out of scope for this question but I say it anyways for the sake of completeness:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué putada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:44:10.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18635" CreationDate="2016-10-31T10:03:27.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9p46KCK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;colocar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;collocāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Dicho del alcohol o de una droga: Causar un estado eufórico a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Ponerse bajo los efectos del alcohol o de una droga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La versión transitiva se aplicaría a la sustancia en sí: &quot;esto te coloca&quot;, y la versión pronominal a la persona: &quot;Fulano se colocó&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tienes &quot;colocón&quot; como sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9pB012L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;colocón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Efecto intenso de colocarse (‖ ponerse bajo los efectos del alcohol o de una droga).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T10:03:27.733" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18634" CreationDate="2016-10-31T10:28:39.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Choices for &quot;that sucks&quot;: choose a word from the first column and combine it with a word from the second (optional: end with a word from the third column):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;qué        | putada (strong)      | ¿no? (asking for more information)&#xA;vaya       | jodienda (strong)    | ¿verdad? (expressing that you know the feeling)&#xA;menudo/a   | fastidio (mild)      |&#xA;           | disgusto (formal)    |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choices for &quot;aw, man&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;vaya, hombre (formal)&#xA;&#xA;jo (mild)       |  tío/a (colloquial)&#xA;joder (strong)  |&#xA;&#xA;¡coño! (very strong, this word can express it all by itself)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KaXUUZz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hombre&lt;/a&gt;&quot; even if the other person is a woman, as in this case it is used as an interjection to express surprise or astonishment (see meaning 8). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can chain it all together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vaya, hombre, menudo disgusto, ¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt; (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Joder, tío, vaya putada!&lt;/em&gt; (quite informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T15:20:56.000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T15:20:56.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18641" CreationDate="2016-10-31T11:02:47.037" Score="3" ViewCount="6515" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am practicing using memrise. In this site, the following means: &quot;Are you ready to order?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Están listos para pedir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as far as I know, &quot;están&quot; refers to &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; and I argue that the correct sentence should be  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Estás listo para pedir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14114" LastEditorUserId="14114" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T08:06:56.263" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T08:06:56.263" Title="Using &quot;están&quot; vs &quot;estás&quot; when refering to &quot;you&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-10-31T11:15:13.530" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence given by memrise is correct, since the implied subject is &quot;ustedes.&quot; Think of the case where a waiter was asking a group of patrons at a restaurant. I'm assuming your confusion is simply due to the fact that English does not distinguish between you (singular) and you (plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A note - Your suggested sentence is grammatically incorrect; if you wanted to address this question to just one person, it should be &quot;¿estás &lt;strong&gt;listo&lt;/strong&gt; para pedir?&quot; with the implied subject &quot;tú.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14112" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:15:13.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1077" CreationDate="2016-10-31T11:29:50.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a native speaker, but the phrase I was taught to use in &quot;to whom it may concern&quot; situations was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimados señores&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14112" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T11:32:15.027" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T11:32:15.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18645" CreationDate="2016-10-31T12:42:56.517" Score="7" ViewCount="37537" Body="&lt;p&gt;En catalán utilizamos la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0118126&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ressopó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para designar la comida que se realiza después de cenar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me explico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno llega a casa por la noche, cena con normalidad y luego sigue con sus cosas. La noche se alarga y antes de acostarse uno se da cuenta de que ya vuelve a tener hambre, por lo que se prepara un &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;: un bocadillo, unas galletas... Tal y como comenta la &lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ressop%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Viquipèdia&lt;/a&gt;, esta comida no tiene una función social sino de matar el hambre, por lo que no hay ceremonia ni orden establecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde el momento que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8Bs26eN%7C8Bvhg6D&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se define como &lt;em&gt;Última comida del día, que se toma al atardecer o por la noche&lt;/em&gt;, esta ultimísima comida es algo así como un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZUM7MgT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tentempié&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe pues alguna palabra para definir esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando digo &lt;em&gt;la comida que se toma después de cenar&lt;/em&gt; no me refiero al alimento en sí, sino al acto o la reunión. Lo que en inglés sería &lt;em&gt;meal&lt;/em&gt;, aproximadamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En algunos lugares se dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9w3sObI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;comida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a la &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt;. Sea como fuere, me refiero a la última comida del día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Probablemente en España es difícil encontrar una palabra para esto, pues tradicionalmente se cena bastante tarde. En lugares del norte de Europa, donde se cena hacia las seis de la tarde, esto puede tener más sentido. Desconozco las tradiciones horarias en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T08:01:18.213" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T00:32:36.790" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra para nombrar la comida que se toma después de cenar?" Tags="&lt;comida&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18644" CreationDate="2016-10-31T12:57:09.523" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta me la sé porque tuvimos que contratar una para nuestra boda, que fue por la tarde/noche:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VP6fIw4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Esp. Segunda cena que se hace cuando pasa mucho tiempo entre la cena y el momento de acostarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que aplica solo en España. Otra opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WBjN3ja&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;resopón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del cat. &lt;em&gt;resopó&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; 're-' y &lt;em&gt;sopar&lt;/em&gt; 'cenar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esp. Segunda cena, más ligera, que se hace generalmente tras una fiesta o cuando pasa mucho tiempo entre la cena y la hora de acostarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que el término catalán ha sido también aceptado en el español de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esto y un bizcocho, hasta mañana a las ocho. Y si no cedió a ningún otro producto como desayuno o merienda, se puso de moda para la &lt;strong&gt;recena&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;resopón&lt;/strong&gt; o cena tardía a la salida del teatro, para prolongar la velada en las chocolaterías.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-  Antonio Beltrán Martínez, &quot;Pueblos de Aragón II&quot;, España (2000)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T13:04:14.660" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T13:04:14.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18666" CreationDate="2016-10-31T13:01:55.540" Score="3" ViewCount="544" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the semantic difference between a pair like that below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- He hablado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   - (Yo) Había hablado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose the English translation of the first is something like 'I have spoken' and the second is 'I would have spoken', but I'm not sure if this accurately reflects the difference in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5395" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T03:19:50.057" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T03:19:50.057" Title="What is the semantic difference between present perfect and pluperfect?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18644" CreationDate="2016-10-31T13:12:47.653" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, ya que parece que la respuesta va a ser por regiones...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia &lt;em&gt;los que pueden&lt;/em&gt; hacen las siguientes comidas a lo largo del día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tomar tragos&lt;/em&gt; (no confundir con &lt;em&gt;tomar trago&lt;/em&gt;): Principalmente en el campo cuando hay que ir muy temprano (4-5 am) a hacer labores como ordeñar las vacas las personas toman un café o un agua de panela y a eso le dicen tragos. Al regresar tomarán el desayuno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desayuno&lt;/em&gt;: Primera comida del día.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La media mañana&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;Las medias nueves&lt;/em&gt;: Se hace a mitad de la mañana.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Almuerzo&lt;/em&gt;: alrededor del mediodía.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El algo&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;Las onces&lt;/em&gt;: a mitad de la tarde.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comida&lt;/em&gt;/(&lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt; solo si es elegante): al comienzo de la noche.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Merienda&lt;/em&gt;: comida ligera antes de irse a dormir.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE &lt;strong&gt;merienda&lt;/strong&gt; es a la mitad de la tarde por lo que parece que en Colombia la hemos usado mal desde siempre y aún la RAE no la registra como uso regional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T13:16:28.393" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T13:16:28.393" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-10-31T15:59:35.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind that a question like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you ready to order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depends heavily on the context when translating into Spanish, as there are four possible ways to translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Estás listo/a para pedir? (informal, &quot;you&quot; as &quot;tú&quot; or &quot;vos&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Está listo/a para pedir? (formal, &quot;you&quot; as &quot;usted&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Estáis listos/as para pedir? (informal, &quot;you&quot; as &quot;vosotros&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Están listos/as para pedir? (formal, &quot;you&quot; as &quot;ustedes&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both you and memrise (given that there is no context) are right. You have more information in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/7/12637&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T16:25:36.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18625" CreationDate="2016-10-31T16:31:17.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it perfectly makes sense. But maybe a bit clumsy. Here is an alternative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le parece agotador, pero muy gratificante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14120" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T18:22:22.707" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:22:22.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18653" CreationDate="2016-10-31T17:51:18.657" Score="0" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;These lyrics are posted all over the web in form of lyrical prose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I'm not familiar enough with Spanish, I'm not sure where ideas expressed in this song begin and end. Can someone put this in proper sentence structure, with proper punctuation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my attempt at the first to paragraphs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un pastor del amor y él me dijo, &quot;Que se lo entregara&#xA;  a dios. Que no me sintiera solo. Que estar solo era mejor que vivir de&#xA;  una ilusión.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un artista del amor a primera vista dijo, &quot;Que era un&#xA;  error. Que eso era de un novelista soñadores. Que la vida hay que ser&#xA;  más realista.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the entire lyrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunte a un pastor Del amor y el me dijo Que se lo entregara a&#xA;  dios Que no me sintiera solo Que estar solo era mejor Que vivir de una&#xA;  ilusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunte a un artista Del amor a primera vista Dijo que era un&#xA;  error Que eso era de un novelista Soñadores que la vida Ay que ser mas&#xA;  realista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora que no te tengo Pienso en todo el tiempo perdido Que perdí,&#xA;  contigo! Pues por amarte a ciegas yo No escuche Y me lance a si al&#xA;  vació por amor Todos me dijeron, todos me advertían Que hay flores que&#xA;  tienen espinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunte a un señor Del amor y el me dijo Que ignorarlo era&#xA;  mejor Que yo era joven y el dinero Debería ser mas importante Que mil&#xA;  amores&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunte a un anciano En aun lugar lejano Del amor y las&#xA;  pasiones Me dijo Hijo eso es un cristal de doble filo Y corta te&#xA;  guinda de un hilo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora que no te tengo Pienso en todo el tiempo perdido Que perdí&#xA;  contigo Pues por amarte a ciegas yo No escuche Y me lance a si al&#xA;  vació por amor, Todos me dijeron, todos me advertían Que hay flores&#xA;  que tienen espinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunta a mi padre Del amor y la inocencia De la fe, y la&#xA;  paciencia sabes lo que dijo Hijo siempre es mejor Ignorar el corazón&#xA;  Hazle caso a tu conciencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunte a mi madre Del amor que te tenia Dijo que eran&#xA;  fantasías Que si yo no le creía con el tiempo aprendería Que ella&#xA;  tenia razón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora que no te tengo Pienso en todo el tiempo perdido Que perdí&#xA;  contigo! Pues por amarte a ciegas yo No escuche Y me lance a si al&#xA;  vació por amor Todos me dijeron, todos me advertían Que hay flores que&#xA;  tienen espinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T23:05:02.573" Title="Can someone format into proper sentence structure the lyrics to Por Amar a Ciegas?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-01T18:08:32.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18652" CreationDate="2016-10-31T23:04:34.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the song @ youtube, so based on the singing and overall song context...I'd say (in my perspective), punctutation goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un pastor, del amor; y él me dijo, que se lo entregara a Dios.&#xA;Que no me sintiera solo; que estar solo era mejor que vivir de una ilusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un artista, del amor a primera vista...y dijo que era un error.&#xA;Que eso era de novelistas, soñadores...que en la vida, hay que ser más realistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora que no te tengo, pienso en todo el tiempo perdido...que perdí, contigo.&#xA;Pues por amarte a ciegas yo...no escuché; y me lance al vacío por amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos me dijeron...todos me advertían...que hay flores que tienen espinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un señor, del amor, y él me dijo que ignorarlo era mejor. Que yo era joven, y el dinero; debería ser más importante que mil amores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a un anciano, en un algún lugar lejano, del amor y las pasiones...&#xA;Me dijo: -&quot;Hijo, eso es un cristal de doble filo, y corta. Te guinda de un hilo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a mi Padre, del amor y la inocencia; de la fé, la paciencia...y sabes lo que dijo?&#xA;Dijo: -&quot;Siempre es mejor Ignorar el corazón, hazle caso a tu consciencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le pregunté a mi Madre, del amor que te tenía...y dijo que eran fantasías. Que si yo no le creía, con el tiempo aprendería...que ella tenia razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="9094" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T23:05:02.573" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T23:05:02.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-11-01T00:53:17.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Upfront admission: I'm just a novice at Spanish like you, so don't take my answer as any authority whatsoever...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I did often see &quot;you&quot; translated two different ways in sentences when practicing cards in Anki as well... and it certainly confused me too.  Such as ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Estás listo para pedir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Está listo para pedir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I've come to understand it, the primary difference stems from formality.  The first form, &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt;, is the friendly\casual version of &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;, the second form, &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt;, is the respectful version of &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;.  You'd use the respectful form in specific social situations, such as if you're a child, if you're in a position of submission, or if in formal settings.  So maybe consider it a bit like how we are comfortable using certain voices, contractions, phrases only in certain situations in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Emily noted, &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; would indeed be to a group of people.  However I'm pretty sure you still use it to mean a subject of what we might colloquially say in English as &lt;strong&gt;you all&lt;/strong&gt;.  It definitely works in polite settings, such as when addressing a gathering with &lt;strong&gt;¿como están?&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, as Carlos noted, the vosotros form (&lt;strong&gt;estáis&lt;/strong&gt;), where used (mainly in Spain and parts of South America?) comes in when less formal.&#xA;I believe (and please someone correct me if I'm wrong!) that estáis is mostly the informal version of &lt;strong&gt;you all&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such that the real direct comparisons informal to formal comparisons are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estás -&gt; está (single person)&#xA;  and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  estáis -&gt; están (multiple people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In those places where vosotros is used.&#xA;But I did come into this question thinking that in vosotros-less places, estás could work for a less formal version of you all, but it appears I've learned something from the other answers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, it boils down a lot to formality\politeness regardless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suffice to say, I sure find learning Spanish pretty complex too.  It probably has a bit more complicated regional variability than English has.  But it also is a bit more consistent and reliable at some things (pronunciation\spelling, grammar).&#xA;But slowly but surely it does get better, through all the mistakes and errors.  Persistence friend!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14123" LastEditorUserId="14123" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T10:34:34.420" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T10:34:34.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-11-01T04:11:38.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simple answer is &quot;está listos para pedir&quot; is not correct. &quot;Está&quot; is more like the formal form of &quot;he&quot; so the sentence makes no sense with &quot;listos&quot; which is a plural form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14127" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T04:11:38.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18644" CreationDate="2016-11-01T09:42:51.700" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y6rOg5Y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sobrecenar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Cenar por segunda vez. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T09:42:51.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-11-01T09:47:38.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, If you say “¿están listos para pedir?”, the implicit subject  has to be “ellos”, “ellas” or  “ustedes”. If you say “¿estáis listos para pedir?”  the implicit subject has to be “vosotros” “vosotras”.  That is in a plural form.&#xA;If you use a singular form “¿está listo para pedir?”, the implicit subject has to be “usted” o “él” o &quot;ella&quot; Saying “¿estás listo para pedir?”, the implicit subject has to be only “tú” .&#xA;“Usted”,” ustedes”  are the same as “you” in English when  you address to a person in an official o respectful manner and you use “tu”, “vosotros” when you are talking to someone of the same age, the same rank or the same education level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14130" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T09:47:38.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-01T09:56:23.563" Score="3" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo fama de cicatero porque nadie puede imaginarse que sea tan pobre &lt;strong&gt;si vivo&#xA;  donde vivo&lt;/strong&gt;, y la verdad es que una noche como aquélla estaba muy por encima de&#xA;  mis recursos. (Memorias de mis putas tristes, Garcia Marquez)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English translation (Grossman) I find for the bold part says &quot;if I live where I live&quot;, but it makes no sense to me, it is like saying &quot;if I am the one who is writing this&quot;. Grossman's translation for the whole sentence is:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a reputation as a miser because no one can imagine I'm as poor as I am if I live where I live, but&#xA;  the truth is that a night like this was far beyond my means. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole sentence is somewhat hard for me to understand, also because the author brings the reason for being famous for stinginess as &quot;people would not believe how poor I am if I live where I live.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T10:24:09.037" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T10:33:45.440" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;si vivo donde vivo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-01T10:13:03.733" Score="16" ViewCount="12245" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario de la Lengua Española, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6OPHOdx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caballo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;caballus&lt;/em&gt; 'caballo de carga'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mamífero solípedo del orden de los perisodáctilos, de tamaño grande y extremidades largas, cuello y cola poblados de cerdas largas y abundantes, que se domestica fácilmente y suele utilizarse como montura o animal de tiro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cAUdTlR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yegua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;equa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hembra del caballo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que utilizamos palabras diferentes para el macho y la hembra con etimologías diferentes: caballo procede del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caballus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mientras que yegua procede de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;equa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, parece que en el latín tardío sí se utilizaba &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;caballa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;yegua&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, pero se dejó de utilizar con ese sentido y se utilizó para denominar a un pez.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6Np68M9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caballa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;caballa&lt;/em&gt; 'yegua'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pez teleósteo, de 30 a 40 cm de largo, de color azul y verde con rayas negras por el lomo, que vive en bancos en el Atlántico Norte y es apreciado en la industria conservera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ya se estaba utilizando la forma femenina de &quot;caballo&quot; para designar a la hembra (&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;caballa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;yegua&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), ¿por qué se dejó de utilizar y permaneció la forma &lt;em&gt;irregular&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;yegua&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se utilizó &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;caballa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (hembra del caballo) para designar a un pez?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-08T11:03:52.857" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:59:57.753" Title="¿Por qué &quot;yegua&quot; y no &quot;caballa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-11-01T10:33:45.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user says, the expression means that the person lives in a place that makes impossible to think that he/she is poor. It's like saying &quot;people can't imagine how poor I am if I live in Beverly Hills&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of expressions can be used in any context. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo puedo tener deudas si gano lo que gano?&lt;/em&gt; (It is implied that the person earns a good salary.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fulano cogió cáncer a pesar de llevar la vida que lleva.&lt;/em&gt; (It is implied that the person lives a healthy life.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo puede seguir sobrio si ha bebido lo que ha bebido?&lt;/em&gt; (It is implied that the person has drunk quite a lot.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T10:33:45.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18674" CreationDate="2016-11-01T10:58:16.293" Score="2" ViewCount="1263" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una&#xA;  de las putitas pobres que cazan clientes de solemnidad en &lt;strong&gt;la calle de los Notarios&lt;/strong&gt; me pidió el cigarrillo de siempre, y le contesté lo mismo de siempre: Dejé de fumar&#xA;  hace hoy treinta y tres años, dos meses y diecisiete días (Memorias de mis putas tristes, Garcia Marquez).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;calle&quot; is not capitalized in the above paragraph, which is the original version, but the English version (Grossman) uses the phrase as is also capitalizing &quot;calle&quot;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calle de los Notarios&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is the usual convention? In general how should one write a street name in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T05:01:53.510" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T05:01:53.510" Title="Should &quot;calle&quot; be capitalized in &quot;la calle de los Notarios&quot;?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2016-11-01T11:43:18.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la traducción como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;regla práctica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; que se propone (entre otras) en Wikipedia traduce mejor el concepto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_thumb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Rule of thumb&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Establece una especie de fórmula u observación generalmente aceptada como conocimiento práctico basado en la experiencia, sin embargo no se trata de una proposición científica.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un procedimiento de fácil aprendizaje, destinado a recordar o calcular aproximadamente un valor o tomar una decisión.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, en mi experiencia, la &quot;&lt;em&gt;rule of thumb&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de los sastres (dos veces el perímetro del pulgar = perimetro de la muñeca; dos veces el perímetro de la muñeca = perimetro del cuello; dos veces el perímetro del cuello = perimetro de la cintura y dos veces el perímetro de la cintura = estatura) supone una aproximación sorprendentemente buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-04T22:14:49.550" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T22:14:49.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18640" CreationDate="2016-11-01T11:58:23.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, as a form of respect, the third person is used, instead of the second person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First person is me or we (&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;), second person is the person I'm speaking to (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;), third person is someone that is not here, and I'm speaking about (&lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The waiter shows respect to the people he's speaking, that's why instead of using the (¿Estáis listos?), 2nd person that can be used between friends, uses the more respectful 3rd person form (¿Están listos?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that when you use this form of respect, you can't say &quot;Él&quot; or &quot;Ellos&quot; to the person/s you're talking to, you need to use &quot;Usted&quot; for singular or &quot;Ustedes&quot; for plural. So the waiter could also say &quot;¿Ustedes estan listos?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14132" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T16:01:45.833" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T16:01:45.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18634" CreationDate="2016-11-01T14:06:11.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option is &lt;em&gt;¡qué palo!&lt;/em&gt;. It's informal, but not too much, and means more or less the same thing as &lt;em&gt;¡qué contrariedad!&lt;/em&gt;, although the latter is much more formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  12. m. coloq. Daño o perjuicio. &lt;em&gt;Dar, llevar, recibir un palo.&lt;/em&gt; [&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RaOp0rz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A disclaimer though — &lt;em&gt;qué palo&lt;/em&gt; is used in Spain, but I'm not sure it will be understood in other countries. What is worse, &lt;em&gt;palo&lt;/em&gt; is slang por &lt;em&gt;penis&lt;/em&gt; in a few countries so you might inadvertently put yourself in an awkward position if used in the wrong place!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T14:06:11.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18634" CreationDate="2016-11-01T16:18:56.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué pena!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would suffice in most circumstances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14133" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T16:38:25.513" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T16:38:25.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18646" CreationDate="2016-11-01T16:35:51.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two tenses in your examples are called:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Present perfect&lt;/strong&gt; (yo he hablado).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pluperfect&lt;/strong&gt; (yo había hablado).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name of the tenses already give us a clue of what they imply: &lt;em&gt;perfect&lt;/em&gt; is what the Latin called a situation that had happened in the past, but the consequences of it were already affecting the present. So, the present perfect is used when something has happened recently in the past, and the speaker is in the present. The pluperfect comes from the Latin expression &lt;em&gt;plus quam perfect&lt;/em&gt; (more than perfect), and is used in similar situations, with the difference that the speaker is also in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easier to see with some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Acabo de salir de la ponencia sobre los últimos avances en astrofísica.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¿Y de qué has hablado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - He hablado acerca de las ondas gravitaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples with other verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me he despertado muy pronto y ahora tengo sueño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hoy he comido macarrones, estaban muy buenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tense is widely used in Spain and some Spanish-speaking American countries. Other countries just use the &lt;em&gt;preterite&lt;/em&gt; tense (actions that happened and ended completely in the past). This tense would replace the present perfect when the action has happened further in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer me desperté muy pronto y tuve sueño todo el día.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La semana pasada me comí unos macarrones que estaban buenísimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally the pluperfect. As I said, this tense is used the same way as the present perfect, but when the speaker is also in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La ponencia sobre los últimos avances en astrofísica acababa de terminar. Aquel día había hablado sobre las ondas gravitacionales...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, the narration puts the speaker in the past, and the action referred has just happened as something before that moment. This characteristic makes this tense only used in narrative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquel día me había despertado muy pronto, por lo que estuve todo el día durmiéndome por los rincones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salí del restaurante con el sabor de los macarrones que había devorado aún en la boca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have more information in the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática Española&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SehboWtLtkqpfmXx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto (he cantado)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGUNERBEDXIzXKNp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pretérito pluscuamperfecto (había cantado)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T16:57:45.793" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T16:57:45.793" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18634" CreationDate="2016-11-01T17:08:33.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile and probably in other Latin American countries we would say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYn3Zit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡Pucha!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which is informal but not slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pucha, mejórate...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Te resfriaste?... pucha, qué pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But beware, the expression has other vulgar meanings in some countries, particularly in Mexico where (I think) means &amp;quot;penis&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T17:08:33.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18668" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18669" CreationDate="2016-11-01T17:09:40.863" Score="2" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are the tenses in Iberian vs Central/South American Spanish used differently? I know there are a lot of Spanish variants spoken in the Andes, for example. Do all of them use the present perfect (&lt;em&gt;yo he hablado&lt;/em&gt;) and the past perfect (&lt;em&gt;yo habia hablado&lt;/em&gt;) in the same way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm very curious about how tense in different varieties of Spanish may differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5395" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T18:27:08.440" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:37:34.897" Title="Different use of tenses in Iberian vs South American (and/or Andean) Spanish" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18668" CreationDate="2016-11-01T18:37:34.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am focusing in the present perfect and its usage in comparison with the simple present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;amp;pid=S0071-17132009000100006&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El perfecto simple y el perfecto compuesto en Hispanoamérica: la inclusión o exclusión del ahora de la enunciación → 2. Análisis cuantitativo del perfecto simple y del perfecto compuesto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay uniformidad cuantitativa en el empleo de ambas formas en todo el ámbito del español americano, si bien se puede afirmar que &lt;strong&gt;en todos los países hispanoamericanos que forman parte de la muestra, salvo en Bolivia&lt;/strong&gt; (que es el único país en el que no existe predominio del perfecto simple sobre el compuesto), &lt;strong&gt;la superioridad del perfecto simple sobre el compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;, globalmente, &lt;strong&gt;es mayor que en el español peninsular o canario&lt;/strong&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) podemos seguir manteniendo que &lt;strong&gt;una de las características del español de América&lt;/strong&gt;, puesta de manifiesto reiteradamente desde Kany (1976: 200), &lt;strong&gt;es la preferencia por el perfecto simple&lt;/strong&gt;, que tiene, en consecuencia, un campo de acción más amplio que lo que le corresponde en el uso peninsular, aunque esto no equivale a decir que la forma compuesta está en decadencia en el español americano sino que simplemente, tal como señala Moreno de Alba, &amp;quot;su función denotativa es diferente y su campo de acción más reducido&amp;quot; (1978: 187), es decir, no se trata de la confusión del actual uso peninsular, sino de un desarrollo histórico diverso de la misma herencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, in Spain it is common to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;em&gt;he comido&lt;/em&gt; morcilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in Hispanic America they will normally say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy &lt;em&gt;comí&lt;/em&gt; morcilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:37:34.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18661" CreationDate="2016-11-01T18:55:52.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, proper nouns have to be capitalized, but it's not that easy with things and animals, you can find various names of things commonly written in lower case, like streets, so you should see this street exact official name, that could be lower case since the beginning even when the &quot;logic&quot; tells you that all nouns should be capital letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, when a certain street have a large amount of certain commerces or offices, is very common that the street ended being referred as &quot;&lt;em&gt;calle de los/as...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and the name of the office, commerce, etc. Even when the street have a totally different &quot;official&quot; name. I don't think that &quot;commonly spoken&quot; name should be capitalize, all the words should be lower case, not only &quot;&lt;em&gt;calle&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example, in my city there is a street commonly called &quot;&lt;em&gt;calle de los institutos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; just because there are two colleges and an university building in that street(sometimes you can even hear things like &quot;&lt;em&gt;en los institutos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;por los institutos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Again, in that case I think both words should be lower case, because it's not the noun of the street, it's just a spoken reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user fernando.reyes tells us that the street exists and is called &quot;&lt;em&gt;Calle de los Notarios&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, so in this case it should be capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:55:52.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18659" CreationDate="2016-11-01T19:53:52.870" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a dar un intento de respuesta, dado que este cambio se produjo en la época del latín vulgar, y es complicado buscar textos de esta época en los que basarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la web de etimologías de Chile podemos leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?caballa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma más común de su nombre en castellano que es caballa, procede del latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;caballa&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;yegua doméstica de uso rústico&quot;, femenino de &lt;em&gt;caballus&lt;/em&gt;  (en latín, &quot;caballo rústico de tiro y labor&quot;), voz que como el griego καβάλλης, se considera un préstamo remoto de una lengua de Asia Menor. Debió dársele este nombre seguramente ya en latín vulgar a este pescado, porque los bancos de caballas en su mejor época de pesca suben a la superficie y parecen cabalgar en las olas, voz que ha dado lugar también al portugués &lt;em&gt;cavala&lt;/em&gt; con que se denomina a este pescado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, tenemos por un lado que &lt;em&gt;caballus&lt;/em&gt; parece ser un préstamo frente a &lt;em&gt;equus&lt;/em&gt;, lo que hace que uno de los términos sea superfluo (a menos que denominaran a dos tipos de equinos diferentes, cosa que parece ser posible si leemos a &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/anteriores/mayo_04/26052004_01.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corominas&lt;/a&gt;, que dice que &quot;caballus&quot; era el caballo malo, castrado, de carga, jamelgo). Por otro lado, tenemos un término (&lt;em&gt;caballa&lt;/em&gt;) que empieza a popularizarse para denominar a otro tipo de animal. Es posible que lo que acabara pasando fuese algo parecido a lo que pasó con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17670/12637&quot;&gt;hiniestra y ventana&lt;/a&gt;. En español se acabó usando &lt;em&gt;ventana&lt;/em&gt; en vez de un derivado de &lt;em&gt;fenestram&lt;/em&gt; porque &lt;em&gt;hiniestra&lt;/em&gt;, que era como se denominaba a la ventana antiguamente, colisionaba fonéticamente con &lt;em&gt;iniesta&lt;/em&gt; (retama), y el lenguaje se decantó por &lt;em&gt;ventana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, dado que por un lado tenemos un término (&lt;em&gt;caballa&lt;/em&gt;) que se popularizó para denominar a un tipo de pez, y que por otro tenemos una redundancia de términos (&lt;em&gt;caballus&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;equus&lt;/em&gt;) para el actual caballo, se debió dar prioridad al segundo en el caso del femenino para evitar malentendidos. El lenguaje simplemente se decantó por la evolución de &lt;em&gt;equa&lt;/em&gt; para el femenino, y mantuvo el &lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt; para el masculino, pasando ambos términos a denominar al mismo tipo de caballo con el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dato, en el CORDE se pueden encontrar hasta 107 casos en 38 documentos diferentes para &quot;yegua&quot; hasta el año 1300, y tan solo 1 de &quot;caballa&quot; y no estoy muy seguro de si se refiere a la hembra del caballo o al verbo &quot;cabalgar&quot;. No hay referencias al pez, imagino que por no ser un tema común sobre el que escribir. En todo caso, antes del siglo XIII ya se había producido completamente el cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T20:09:15.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18276" CreationDate="2016-11-01T22:14:39.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda es una construcción interesante. Yo creo que el &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt; de la cuestión está en el hecho de que estas frases implican que no se conoce el número de personas que ejecutan la acción. En el caso de frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana vendrán a reparar la caldera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es posible que vengan una o varias personas. Se usa la tercera persona del plural cuando no se conoce el número de personas que ejecutarán la acción. Incluso en el caso de frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te han llamado por teléfono, era tu hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dado que la primera parte de la frase sigue el patrón de frases en las que no se conoce el número de personas que ejecutan la acción (aunque en este caso lo que se desconozca sea a la persona que la ha ejecutado), y luego la segunda parte de la frase lo aclara. Este caso del español se puede consultar el en &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=purFmLzqJgsRcDUo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;epígrafe 33.4s&lt;/a&gt; de la Nueva Gramática Española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿de dónde viene la construcción? Pues es bastante antigua. Casos de frases en los que se desconoce el número de personas que ejecutarán o han ejecutado la acción los hay desde hace siglos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que aun hasta en lo que es música y en los cantares hallamos esto mismo, pues las seguidillas arrinconaron a la zarabanda y &lt;strong&gt;otros vendrán&lt;/strong&gt; que las destruyan y caigan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Mateo Alemán, &quot;Primera parte de Guzmán de Alfarache&quot;, España (1599)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si seguimos hacia atrás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bien me as aconsejado, et dizes verdat; enpero veré a qué tornará la mi çima de mi fazienda et &lt;strong&gt;qué mandarán&lt;/strong&gt; de mí fazer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &quot;Calila e Dimna&quot;, España (1251)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me cuesta trabajo encontrar ejemplos anteriores en el CORDE, pero si en el siglo XIII ya existía esta forma, es muy posible que proceda al menos del latín vulgar. No tengo apenas conocimientos de latín, así que no sabría buscar ejemplos en esa lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre lo de su uso en otros idiomas, en italiano se da. En el siguiente ejemplo se usa &quot;me han llamado&quot; incluso a pesar de que quien lo dice sabía que era una persona concreta quien llamaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ah, sei qui [...] finalmente ti trovo. Come ti senti?&quot;. &quot;Un po' stanca ma non c'è male. Figurati, &lt;strong&gt;mi hanno telefonato&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &quot;Ti hanno telefonato? -ripete incredula- e chi?&quot;. &quot;Una mia amica di Milano [...]&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Mirella Ducceschi, &quot;L'incidente&quot;, Italia (1990)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T19:56:26.110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T19:56:26.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T00:40:13.513" Score="6" ViewCount="1152" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference among these three phrases in terms of usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una persona buena  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una buena persona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es buena persona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, why is the adjective switched with the noun in &lt;em&gt;persona buena&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14137" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T07:51:18.240" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T20:35:04.027" Title="What is the difference among &quot;Una persona buena&quot;, &quot;Una buena persona&quot; and &quot;Es buena persona&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18661" CreationDate="2016-11-02T03:33:50.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=may%C3%BAsculas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; says:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.10.&lt;/strong&gt; Names of streets and urban spaces. As in the case of toponyms, only the proper name must be capitalised — the generic,&#xA;  common nouns that accompany it, such as &lt;em&gt;calle&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plaza&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;avenida&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;paseo&lt;/em&gt;, must be written in lowercase: &lt;em&gt;calle (de) Alcalá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;calle Mayor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plaza de España&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;avenida de la Ilustración&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;paseo de&#xA;  Recoletos&lt;/em&gt;. However, English names of streets or urban spaces must be&#xA;  capitalised, as they usually are in English: &lt;em&gt;Oxford Street&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Quinta&#xA;  Avenida&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Central Park&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess it is capitalised in the English translation because that is the custom in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T03:33:50.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T08:40:07.320" Score="6" ViewCount="7718" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Lengua Española, en la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1NsFSLJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ajo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Planta de la familia de las liliáceas, de 30 a 40 cm de altura, con hojas ensiformes muy estrechas y bohordo con flores pequeñas y blancas. El bulbo es también blanco, redondo y de olor fuerte y se usa mucho como condimento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. Cada una de las partes o dientes en que está dividido el bulbo o cabeza de ajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Salsa o pebre que se hace con ajos para guisar y sazonar las viandas, y alguna vez suele tomar el nombre de la misma vianda o cosas con que se mezcla. &lt;em&gt;Ajo comino&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1NsFSLJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar en el ajo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estar al corriente, estar al tanto de un asunto tratado reservadamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que no parece tener ninguna relación clara con las acepciones de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T12:00:35.440" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T08:41:19.427" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;estar en el ajo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T09:21:07.110" Score="1" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AJqFYzd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;congrio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Pez teleósteo, del suborden de los fisóstomos, que alcanza de uno a dos metros de largo, con el cuerpo gris oscuro, casi cilíndrico, bordes negros en las aletas dorsal y anal, y carne blanca y comestible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tampoco el congrio es mal ave&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; no parece tener mucho sentido, y no aparece recogido en el Diccionario de la Lengua o en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Busqueda.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refranero de CVC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo es una expresión que sí se utiliza, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.periodistadigital.com/cajondesastre.php/2009/04/11/p227663&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2341363&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://carolinadeandres.blogspot.com.es/2014/02/tampoco-el-congrio-es-mal-ave.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://malas-notas.blogspot.com.es/2011/11/perogrulladas-en-el-refranero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, sin que quede claro su origen o significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es, entonces, el origen y significado de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tampoco el congrio es mal ave&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T10:49:32.270" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T22:57:05.260" Title="¿Cuál es el origen y significado de la expresión &quot;Tampoco el congrio es mal ave&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18675" CreationDate="2016-11-02T10:43:16.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la versión de 1783 del diccionario de la RAE se recoge la siguiente acepción de &quot;ajo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AJO. met. y fam. Negocio, ó asunto que se está tratando entre varios: y así suele decirse: andar en el AJO, entrar en el AJO, menear el AJO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la frase viene sencillamente de que &quot;ajo&quot; era una metáfora de &quot;negocio&quot;. Pero ¿de dónde viene esta metáfora? La única pista que he encontrado es en el diccionario español-francés de Oudin (1607), que recoge la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El negocio huele à ajos, &lt;em&gt;l'affaire sent les aulx: on dit communement en François, Le mortier sent les aulx.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, en el CORDE podemos leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A un pobre hombre escuchábale un señor de mala gana, y despidióle, diciendo que se desviase de allí, que olía a ajos. Respondió:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;-El negocio huele a ajos, que no yo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Melchor de Santa Cruz de Dueñas, &quot;Floresta española&quot;, España (1574)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiéndase como &quot;negocio&quot; lo contrario de &quot;ocio&quot;, es decir, la ocupación de la persona en un momento dado, lo que está haciendo en ese instante. O según el diccionario de autoridades (1734), &quot;término genérico con que se significa qualquiera ocupación, empleo ò trabajo&quot;. En el caso del ejemplo, el que dice la frase es un mendigo pidiendo limosna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de esta expresión podría estar en el siguiente cuento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A una dama que era gran decidora no había persona que le hiciese comer ajo, ni cosa que supiese a él. Un galán que la servía hízole un banquete, y dijo al cocinero que, de cualquier manera que fuese, le hiciese comer ajo. El cocinero por más disfrazar el negocio, picó algunos ajos en el mortero, y, quitados de allí, hizo una salsa verde en el mismo mortero, y llevándola delante de la dama, al primer bocado paró, y dijo:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¡Oh, hideputa el villano! ¡Cuál viene disfrazado de verde, como si no le conociésemos acá!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Juan de Timoneda, &quot;El sobremesa y alivio de caminantes&quot;, España (1562-1569)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún momento se sustituiría la palabra original &quot;negocio&quot; con su metáfora &quot;ajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-01T08:41:19.427" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T08:41:19.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18678" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T11:27:03.407" Score="3" ViewCount="13985" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando un término genérico para designar a un &quot;licenciado en derecho sin ejercicio profesional&quot;, como alguien que acaba de terminar los estudios correspondientes, pero todas las opciones que he encontrado conllevan un ejercicio profesional. Así,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=07TG2dg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abogado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Licenciado en derecho que ofrece profesionalmente asesoramiento jurídico y que ejerce la defensa de las partes en los procesos judiciales o en los procedimientos administrativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MePq85r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jurista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Persona que ejerce una profesión jurídica.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAwog2I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Letrado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6. m. y f. abogado (‖ licenciado en derecho).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. m. y f. Jurista de una institución pública encargado de estudiar y preparar sus dictámenes o resoluciones. &lt;em&gt;Letrado del Consejo de Estado, del Tribunal Constitucional.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. m. y f. Asesor jurídico permanente de una sociedad o empresa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MeGEvHp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jurisconsulto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Persona dedicada al estudio, interpretación y aplicación del derecho.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;propuesto por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; en los comentarios también implica una actividad (&quot;aplicación del derecho&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras profesiones sí existe una palabra para designar a la persona legalmente autorizada para ejercer esa profesión, independientemente de que lo haga o no, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ol43qKz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;médico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3dtR7rK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arquitecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bi2iFp6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veterinario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra para designar al &quot;licenciado en derecho &lt;strong&gt;que no ejerce profesionalmente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empiezo a sospechar que no, ya que, por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/temas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Vanguardia&lt;/a&gt; habla de Mariano Rajoy como &quot;Licenciado en Derecho, durante el Gobierno de Aznar ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T15:01:41.230" Title="¿Cómo se denomina a un licenciado en derecho que no ejerce?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18673" CreationDate="2016-11-02T11:32:24.967" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/adjetivos/posicion&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La posición del adjetivo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, in Spanish the adjective is placed after the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la mesa negra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas ocasiones, sin embargo, puede preceder al sustantivo. Se suele hacer para enfatizar las cualidades del sustantivo. Generalmente, cuando se sitúa el adjetivo delante del sustantivo se suele estar expresando una apreciación subjetiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la bonita flor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;Una persona buena&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Una buena persona&lt;/em&gt; are more or less equivalent, only that the latter tends to express something more subjective (even though in this case both are).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es buena persona&lt;/em&gt; is equivalent and it is just adding a very to the set of words so that it is already a proper sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/duda-resuelta-adjetivos-antepuestos-y-pospuestos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;adjetivos antepuestos y pospuestos&lt;/a&gt; (I am not translating this one, though):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, pues decimos que el adjetivo elige la colocación pospuesta o antepuesta más por razones semánticas que por razones sintácticas. Si bien la posposición es más frecuente en nuestra lengua, la anteposición –excepto cuando provoca cambio de significado– origina matices especiales unidos a la afectividad: “estupendo trabajo”, “maravillosa tarde”; a la visión impresionista de una realidad particular: “sombrías nubes”, “acongojados atardeceres”; o a necesidades rítmicas, estéticas, literarias en general, cuyos ejemplos los encontramos en los textos literarios: “La candente mañana de febrero…” (Borges), “Volverán las oscuras golondrinas…” (Bécquer), “… y al encendido fuego que me quemo…” (Garcilaso de la Vega).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T11:32:24.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18680" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18681" CreationDate="2016-11-02T14:05:13.887" Score="9" ViewCount="2093" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do I use primero or &lt;em&gt;uno/un&lt;/em&gt; in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cumpleaños es el ____ de agosto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that I can say &quot;mi cumpleaños es el dieciséis de abril,&quot; but I don't know what to do when I want to say that my birthday is the &lt;em&gt;first&lt;/em&gt; of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14141" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T14:17:56.537" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T08:02:10.900" Title="¿Mi cumpleaños es el &quot;uno&quot; o &quot;un&quot; de agosto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18680" CreationDate="2016-11-02T14:25:21.213" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;We say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cumpleaños es el &lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;s&gt;un&lt;/s&gt; de agosto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt; is also correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cumpleaños es el &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt; de agosto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In its entry on &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b6hEWeB%7Cb6iKApr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, RAE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apóc. un&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; ante s. m. sing. y, por lo general, inmediatamente antes de s. f. sing. que empieza por /a/ tónica en aceps. 1 y 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apócope un&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; ante sustantivo masculino singular y, por lo general, inmediatamente antes de sustantivo femenino singular que empieza por /a/ tónica en acepciones 1 y 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where apócope is &lt;em&gt;Supresión de algún sonido al final de un vocablo, como en primer por primero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: you would suppress the &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and say &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; when &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; occurs before a singular masculine noun (&lt;em&gt;Yo tengo un maletín lleno de dinero&lt;/em&gt;) or before a singular feminine noun that starts with a stressed &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Vi un águila volando&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact the second entry on &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; explicitly talks about the case you mention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. adj. primero (‖ que precede a los demás de su especie). U. pospuesto al s. Me voy de vacaciones el día uno. &lt;strong&gt;Apl. a los días del mes&lt;/strong&gt;, u. t. c. s. m. El uno de noviembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;Apl.&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;Aplicado&lt;/em&gt; and  &lt;em&gt;u. t. c. s. m.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;usado también como sustantivo masculino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, this is the same you find for the usage of &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt;, that's why it is equivalent in usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UAztjAx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una persona o de una cosa: Que precede a las demás de su especie en orden, tiempo, lugar, situación, clase o jerarquía. U. t. c. s. &lt;strong&gt;Apl. a los días del mes&lt;/strong&gt;, u. t. c. s. m. El primero de mayo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T08:02:10.900" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T08:02:10.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18682" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-02T15:20:36.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En lingüística, el aspecto gramatical o aspecto verbal es una propiedad que poseen los verbos y las perífrasis verbales, para señalar si la acción que expresan ha concluido o no en el instante de referencia indicado en la oración, es decir, se refiere a los diferentes estados del desarrollo de la acción expresada por el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspecto_gramatical&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Aspect&quot; indicates time-related characteristics, such as the completion, duration, or repetition of an action.  Examples: continuous (progressive); perfect.  See &lt;a href=&quot;http://ell.stackexchange.com/tags/aspect/info&quot;&gt;English Language Learners entry on &lt;em&gt;aspect&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for a comprehensive description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-04T19:15:45.477" LastActivityDate="2019-08-04T19:15:45.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18683" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-02T15:20:36.543" Score="0" Body="Categoría gramatical que describe si una acción ha terminado o no / Aspect is the grammatical category which describes the manner in which an utterance presents an event unfolding over time." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T15:20:36.543" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T15:20:36.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18673" CreationDate="2016-11-02T18:59:06.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many cases the adjective can be placed before or after the noun. After the noun is preferred, and it is the most natural way to place an adjective and, in most cases, there is no difference or a very subtle difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los valientes soldados fueron a la guerra.&lt;/em&gt; The brave soldiers went to war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los soldados valientes fueron a la guerra.&lt;/em&gt; The brave soldiers went to war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, it could just mean &lt;em&gt;“The soldiers went to war; and the soldiers were brave.”&lt;/em&gt; But the second one can &lt;strong&gt;also&lt;/strong&gt; mean &lt;em&gt;“(Only) the soldiers who were brave, went to war.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;buen(o/a/s)&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; there is also a semantic shift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used before a noun, it means &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;skillful&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;nice&lt;/em&gt;. Used after the noun, it implies &lt;em&gt;goodness&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;kindness&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es un buen carpintero.&lt;/em&gt; He is a skillful carpenter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es un carpintero bueno.&lt;/em&gt; He is a kind-hearted carpenter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es una buena persona.&lt;/em&gt; He is a nice person. v.g. has good ongoing qualities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es una persona buena.&lt;/em&gt; Hi is a kind person. v.g. is a law abiding citizen and charitable fellow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Éste es un buen vino.&lt;/em&gt; This is a good wine (a tasty wine, a high-quality wine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Éste es un vino bueno.&lt;/em&gt; This is a wine that doesn't hit the smaller wines and donate money to charities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, dropping the article between &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;buena&lt;/em&gt;, there is a subtle difference in intention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es una buena persona.&lt;/em&gt; He is a nice person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es buena persona.&lt;/em&gt; He is nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you don't normaly say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&lt;em&gt;Él es persona buena.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;buen&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; is only placement. Before a (masculine singular) noun in a noun phrase, you use &lt;em&gt;buen&lt;/em&gt;; any other position is &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El carpintero es bueno.&lt;/em&gt; The carpenter is skillful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El vino está bueno.&lt;/em&gt; The wine is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta persona es buena.&lt;/em&gt; This person is kind-hearted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other adjectives that can shift meaning when used before or after the noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mal(o)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;un mal carpintero&lt;/em&gt; - a terrible carpenter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;un carpintero malo&lt;/em&gt; - a wicked carpenter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastEditorUserId="1622" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T20:35:04.027" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T20:35:04.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18059" CreationDate="2016-11-02T20:20:00.907" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common ranges in Spanish and their usual translation in English are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Army:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;soldado&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Private&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cabo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Corporal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sargento&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sargent&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;teniente&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capitán&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Captain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mayor&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Major&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coronel&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Colonel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;general&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;General&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some changes can occur, in Spain an army Major is called &lt;em&gt;«comandante»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A greater change is found in subdivisions. A Second Lieutenant is called &lt;em&gt;«subteniente»&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia and &lt;em&gt;«alférez»&lt;/em&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bellow &lt;em&gt;Colonel&lt;/em&gt; is Lieutenant Colonel, which I find as &lt;em&gt;«teniente coronel»&lt;/em&gt; both in Spain and Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For generals, I find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OF-6 &lt;em&gt;Brigadier:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;«brigadier general»&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia, &lt;em&gt;«general de brigada»&lt;/em&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OF-7 &lt;em&gt;Major General:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;«mayor general»&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia, &lt;em&gt;«general de división»&lt;/em&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OF-8 &lt;em&gt;Lieutenant General:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;«teniente general»&lt;/em&gt; for both Spain and Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subdivisions for non-officials are higher. For example in Colombia, OR-1 (Private) is divided between &lt;em&gt;«soldado regular»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«soldado profesional»&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;«dragoneante»&lt;/em&gt; while in Spain it is only &lt;em&gt;«soldado»&lt;/em&gt;; while OR-2 (Private) is &lt;em&gt;«cabo tercero»&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia, and &lt;em&gt;soldado de primera&lt;/em&gt; in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Navy:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In navy differences are way larger. Using NATO equivalencies I will list Spain, Colombia, and US names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-1 - &lt;strong&gt;Marinero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Marinero tercero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Seaman Recruit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-2 - &lt;strong&gt;Marinero de primera&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Marinero segundo&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Seaman Aprentice&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-3 - &lt;strong&gt;Cabo&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Marinero primero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Seaman&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-4 - &lt;strong&gt;Cabo primero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial tercero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Petty Officer Third Class&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-5 - &lt;strong&gt;Cabo mayor&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial segundo&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Petty Officer Second Class&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-6 - &lt;strong&gt;Sargento&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial primero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Petty Officer First Class&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-7 - &lt;strong&gt;Sargento primero&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial jefe&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Chief Petty Officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-8 - &lt;strong&gt;Brigada&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial jefe técnico&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Senior Chief Petty Officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-9 (1) - &lt;strong&gt;Subteniente&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial jefe técnico de comando&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Master Chief Petty Officer, Command Master Chief Petty Officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OR-9 (2) - &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial mayor&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Suboficial jefe técnico de comando conjunto&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Fleet/Force Master Chief Petty Officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF(D) - &lt;strong&gt;Guardiamarina&lt;/strong&gt; ; N/A ; &lt;em&gt;Midshipman&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-1 (1) - &lt;strong&gt;Alférez de fragata&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Teniente de corbeta&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Ensign&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-1 (2) - &lt;strong&gt;Alférez de navío&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Teniente de fragata&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Lieutenant (junior grade)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-2 - &lt;strong&gt;Teniente de navío&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Teniente de navío&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-3 - &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de corbeta&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de corbeta&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Lieutenant Commander&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-4 - &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de fragata&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de fragata&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Commander&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-5 - &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de navío&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Capitán de navío&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Captain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-6 - &lt;strong&gt;Contra almirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Contralmirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Rear Admiral (lower half)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-7 - &lt;strong&gt;Vice almirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Vicealmirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Rear Admiral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-8 - &lt;strong&gt;Almirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Almirante de escuadra&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Vice Admiral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-9 - &lt;strong&gt;Almirante general&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;strong&gt;Almirante&lt;/strong&gt; ; &lt;em&gt;Admiral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OF-10 - &lt;strong&gt;Capitán general&lt;/strong&gt; ; N/A ; &lt;em&gt;Fleet Admiral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1622" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T20:20:00.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T20:46:52.503" Score="0" ViewCount="993" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el idioma español, el viento es origen y causa de multitud de expresiones. Hay una que me suele causar alguna que otra sonrisa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1L3KU50#ElddHgR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beber alguien los aires por otra persona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bnYP5E0#APkCQ8a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beber alguien los vientos por otra persona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Estar muy enamorado de ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La extrañeza de la expresión, dada por la imposibilidad de beberse un viento, me causa cierta hilaridad. Sin embargo, ¿de dónde viene la expresión? Al principio pensaba que &quot;viento&quot; se usaría con otro significado, hasta que vi que había una expresión similar que cambiaba el viento por aire. Así que mi teoría es que la expresión refleja que un enamorado haría cualquier cosa por su persona amada, hasta cosas imposibles como beberse un viento. Pero ¿quién se inventó la expresión? ¿Cuándo? ¿Dónde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beber_los_vientos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se mencionan un poema de 1775 y una obra de principios del siglo XVII que ya hace alusión al dicho como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dícese de un enamorado, bebe los vientos por fulano, y del que anda en pretensión que mucho desea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en el CORDE se pueden encontrar usos más antiguos, aunque en sus acepciones de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bnYP5E0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beber los vientos por algo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De todo lo susodicho parece cuánto convenga a la conciencia de S. M. confiarse en todo y por todo de los religiosos para descargar y cumplir con su real obligación, porque cierto es que mejor le ayudarán para este efecto los que otra cosa no pretenden ni en otra entienden, sino en descargar sus conciencias y las ajenas, que los que &lt;strong&gt;beben los vientos&lt;/strong&gt; por cargar aun las suyas propias más que naos gruesas de mercaderías.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Fray Jerónimo de Mendieta, &quot;Carta del padre fray Jerónimo de Mendieta [Documentos para la Historia de México]&quot;, México (1562)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el ejemplo más antiguo que he encontrado, cuyo uso ya me causa más bien turbación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque a todo esto contradice, primeramente, la naturaleza corrupta, amiga de sí misma; y contradice la flaqueza de nuestra humanidad; y contradice la inclinación de nuestro apetito, que es amigo de la cama blanda, de la vestidura preciosa y de la mesa delicada; de tal manera que por estas cosas trastorna el mundo, &lt;strong&gt;bebe los vientos&lt;/strong&gt; y fatiga la mar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Fray Luis de Granada, &quot;Libro de la oración y meditación&quot;, España (1554)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cambiamos vientos por aires, el caso más antiguo es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Santa es y grave la piedad cristiana, y su yugo según es muy ligero y muy suave a las almas que con él se reposan, así es grave y muy fatigoso a los que andan &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo los aires&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de los placeres y deleites corporales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora, ¿qué diremos de aquellos otros hinchados en vano, que con una cierta soberbia callada y escondida andan &lt;strong&gt;bebiendo los aires&lt;/strong&gt; por hacer subir a su hijo otro escalón y acrecentarle de estado, y aun (si ser pudiese) que de oficial se le armen caballero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Juan Justiniano, &quot;Instrucción de la mujer cristiana, de J.L. Vives&quot;, España (1528)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T07:57:00.940" LastActivityDate="2020-08-05T00:27:16.333" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;beber los vientos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18689" CreationDate="2016-11-03T10:03:07.883" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;What could be the equivalent Spanish word for &amp;quot;well- tried&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;fantastic&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- The teacher motivated him saying &amp;quot;well-tried&amp;quot; since he got most of the questions wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Fantastic, you have done it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12785" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T11:17:56.767" Title="Equivalent Spanish word for &quot;well- tried&quot; and &quot;fantastic&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-04T12:36:01.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-11-03T11:17:56.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Well-tried&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I thought about translating it as &lt;em&gt;buen intento&lt;/em&gt;, but for me this expression means that you missed the right answer for only a little bit, or that you made a good argumentation despite not having guessed the right answer. In this context, IMHO the translation should be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;al menos lo has intentado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (mostly used in Spain) or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;al menos lo intentaste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (in almost every country in Spanish-speaking America). This sentence translates back into English as &quot;well... you tried&quot; or &quot;at least you tried&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fantastic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct translation is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HbMYFRw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fantástico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Magnífico, excelente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T11:17:56.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18691" CreationDate="2016-11-03T12:21:16.207" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros leemos el diario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Newspapers are not men and women. Why is this sentence attaching &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13528" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T12:51:04.560" Title="Why is this sentence attaching el?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-03T13:03:41.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18690" CreationDate="2016-11-03T12:44:51.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence is an article, the one ur messing up with is the pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article has 4 forms, it depends if the noun is masculine, feminine and singular or plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its like in English &lt;em&gt;We read the newspaper&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;diario&lt;/strong&gt; is masculine and singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T12:44:51.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18690" CreationDate="2016-11-03T12:45:11.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After I searched why, I found. Because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish has &lt;strong&gt;masculine noun&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;feminine noun&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Newspapers are masculine noun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if it do not has gender, noun has masculine noun and feminine noun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13528" LastEditorUserId="13528" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T12:51:04.560" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T12:51:04.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18697" CreationDate="2016-11-03T17:45:35.947" Score="10" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was curious as to the etymology of the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;gafas&lt;/em&gt;, meaning glasses (spectacles). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary only vaguely offers the following, and other searches have been fruitless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maybe related to French faire gaffe ‎(“pay attention”), or German gaffen ‎(“to stare”)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the etymology of '&lt;em&gt;gafas&lt;/em&gt;'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13418" LastActivityDate="2019-07-15T12:36:49.837" Title="What is the etymology of 'gafas'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18694" CreationDate="2016-11-03T19:54:26.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/#q=gafas+etimologia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;search&lt;/a&gt; in spanish with google brings these results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://medicablogs.diariomedico.com/laboratorio/2006/11/08/de-donde-vienen-gafos-y-gafas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Laboratorio del Lenguaje: de donde vienen gafos y gafas, 2006&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/estilos-de-vida/20130308/54369036964/las-gafas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Vanguardia: las gafas, 2013&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, the term 'gafas' comes from the shape of the frame. Which reminded the arm's shape of those afflicted by leprosy, at the time lenses were first mounted in a frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14157" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T20:10:04.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T20:10:04.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2016-11-04T05:42:01.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista la expresión anglosajona &quot;Think outside the box&quot; puede reflejarse en castellano mexicano (y no sé si lo entiendan de la misma manera en otros países), como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no seas cuadrado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no seas cerrado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, refiriéndose esto a la manera de pensar de a quien se le diga dicha expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14159" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T08:55:28.343" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:55:28.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18694" CreationDate="2016-11-04T07:48:01.190" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 1611, Covarrubias defined the term &quot;gafas&quot; as following (text adapted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GAFAS, instrumento con que se arma la ballesta [...] porque hace curvar y torcer la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bdMfWQd%7CbdNi3Qf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;verga&lt;/a&gt; de la ballesta hasta encajarla en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhuRjo1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuez&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search in the CORDE this word before 1700, this is the meaning you are going to find for every match. Covarrubias said that &quot;gafas&quot; came from a Hebrew verb, &quot;Cafaf&quot;, meaning &quot;to bend&quot;. In the same dictionary, &quot;gafo&quot; was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] un enfermo de cierto género de lepra [...] el cual [...] encoge los nervios de manos y pies: y particularmente les llamamos gafos a los tales enfermos por encorvárseles los dedos de las manos, como a las aves de rapiña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, by then it already existed the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GAFAR, [...] arrebatar con las uñas, o con instrumento encorvado y gafo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;gafo/a&quot; just meant &quot;torcido&quot;, &quot;doblado&quot; (&quot;bent&quot;). In the same dictionary we can find the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ANTOJOS, los espejuelos que se ponen delante de la vista para alargarla a los que la tienen corta, invención admirable, y de gran provecho para los viejos y los cortos de vista, y para no cansarla leyendo o escribiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These &quot;espejuelos&quot; or spectacles (&quot;antojos&quot; because they were positioned &quot;ante los ojos&quot;) did not have a frame as they have today. But then someone invented a frame that made them fixed in your face via an elongation that went behind your ears. This elongation was curved, and thus it was something &quot;gafo&quot;. In the RAE dictionary from 1803 we can see the following definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GAFAS. Las presillas, o manecillas, con que se afianzan los anteojos en las sienes, o en las orejas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in fact, from the first RAE dictionary from 1734 we can see that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GAFAS. En el estilo familiar, vale lo mismo que Antojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So at first, what was &quot;gafas&quot; was the mount with the curved elongations, and it was a colloquial word, being &quot;antojos&quot; much more formal until the XIX century, in which the term &quot;gafas&quot; began to be widely used in literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T07:48:01.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18699" CreationDate="2016-11-04T07:55:20.973" Score="3" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does the adjective in this phrase meaning &quot;visibly&quot; or &quot;obviously&quot; not agree in gender with the masculine noun &lt;em&gt;ojo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T08:56:25.510" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:56:25.510" Title="Why is &quot;a ojos vistas&quot; and not &quot;a ojos vistos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18698" CreationDate="2016-11-04T08:49:35.703" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is simple: &quot;vistas&quot; does not agree in gender with &quot;ojos&quot;, but with &quot;cosas&quot;. Think of the expression as &quot;cosas vistas por los ojos&quot;, or &quot;cosas a ojos vistas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y la cosa non es asý: antes, ay en la opiñón de los tales confusión y desvarío, y lo más grave que está claro contra ello es que niegan las &lt;strong&gt;cosas vistas por los ojos&lt;/strong&gt; y acatadas con el entendimiento, y contradizen a sý mesmos de unos conçebtos a otros [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Anónimo, &quot;Traducción castellana del Libro de El Kuzari de Yehudah Halevi&quot;, España (c 1450)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression is quite old, the first case in the CORDE is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E pues que tenía quien allá fuese que lo devían escusar, e que gelo dezían por el grand peligro que veían &lt;strong&gt;a ojos vistas&lt;/strong&gt;; e le rogavan que lo no quisiese en ninguna guisa fazer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Pedro de Corral, &quot;Crónica del rey don Rodrigo, postrimero rey de los godos (Crónica sarracina)&quot;, España (c 1430)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that according to the DRAE, the preposition &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can be substituted sometimes with &quot;por&quot; (as in &quot;a instancias mías&quot;, see meaning 19).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T08:55:03.050" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T08:55:03.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18700" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18701" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" Score="0" Body="Máxima o sentencia que se propone como pauta en alguna ciencia o arte. / Terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T09:57:56.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18678" CreationDate="2016-11-04T10:50:22.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que hay cierta ambigüedad en las definiciones del DRAE, por las que en algún momento &lt;strong&gt;abogado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;letrado&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;legista&lt;/strong&gt; se usaron en este sentido durante un tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu pregunta indicas ya la referencia de que el DRAE menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAwog2I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;letrado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;6. m. y f. abogado (‖ licenciado en derecho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observamos la asociación del término &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;licenciado en derecho&lt;/em&gt; sin más (o eso es lo que yo entiendo al referenciar una definición sinónima con &lt;code&gt;||&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://se%20us%C3%B3%20como%20tal%20durante%20un%20tiempo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; veo que el diccionario de 1992 definía esta misma acepción de &lt;em&gt;letrado&lt;/em&gt; (la sexta) como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Abogado, titulado en derecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que por aquel entonces lo asociaba a la posesión del título, sin más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso está bajando, como indica &lt;a href=&quot;http://iedra.es/palabras/letrado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su página&lt;/a&gt; en el DIRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iedra.es/palabras/letrado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qou0n.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra lado, observo la palabra &lt;em&gt;legista&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N4lz6Gt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;legista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. lex, legis 'ley' e -ista.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona versada en leyes o profesor de leyes o de jurisprudencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que estudia jurisprudencia o leyes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://iedra.es/palabras/legista&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; vemos cómo su uso es bastante residual actualmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iedra.es/palabras/legista&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oBrlR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-10T15:01:41.230" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T15:01:41.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18678" CreationDate="2016-11-04T10:57:38.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo dejaria como &lt;em&gt;Graduado/Licenciado en Derecho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el momento que quiere incorporarse a un Colegio, existe el estado (y aceptado) de &lt;em&gt;Colegiado Ejerciente&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Colegiado No Ejerciente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede ver esta definición en el colegio de abogados de Madrid, Barcelona y en el Estatuto General de la Abogacia (articulo 9.1 y 13.1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asi pues para el no colegiado no habrá ese estado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la web del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.icab.es/?go=eaf9d1a0ec5f1dc58757ad6cffdacedb1a58854a600312ccb08705c7052b3548defa77ffbeed6568d0e6c0958b0ffc2a183cf3036eeec581&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ICAB - Información colegiación con título Español- NO EJERCIENTE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son personas colegiadas no ejercientes aquellas se incorporan en el&#xA;  Colegio sin intención de ejercer la abogacía, sino para disfrutar de&#xA;  otros derechos inherentes a la condición de la persona colegiada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La documentación que deberá aportar para colegiarse como colegiado/da&#xA;  no ejerciente es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Formularios facilitados  por el Colegio, debidamente cumplimentad&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Juramento deontológico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Solicitud de certificación incorporación como colegiado/da no ejerciente del Consejo General de la Abogacía Española  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Título habilitante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Para &lt;strong&gt;Graduados en Derecho&lt;/strong&gt;: Acreditación del título profesional de abogado/a regulado en la Ley 34/200, de 30 de octubre (original y fotocopia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Para &lt;strong&gt;licenciados/as en Derecho&lt;/strong&gt; antes del 31 de octubre de 2011: Acreditación del título profesional de abogado/a regulado en la Ley 34/200, de 30 de octubre (original y fotocopia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Para &lt;strong&gt;licenciados/as en Derecho&lt;/strong&gt; después del  31 de octubre de 2011, siempre que se colegien en el plazo de dos años des del momento en que se encuentren en condiciones de solicitar la expedición del título oficial de licenciado en Derecho: Acreditación del Título de licenciado/da en Derecho con expresa mención de la fecha de finalización de los estudios (original y fotocopia). &#xA;  [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T11:07:31.310" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T11:07:31.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18846" CreationDate="2016-11-04T12:59:25.327" Score="1" ViewCount="6123" Body="&lt;p&gt;En conversaciones un tanto acaloradas, no es raro oír la expresión &lt;em&gt;chúpate esa&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Ayer te oí volver a casa muy tarde. ¿No estarías pendoneando otra vez?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Pues no, venía de estudiar en la biblioteca. ¡&lt;strong&gt;Chúpate esa&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, al contrarrestar un argumento, alguien usa &lt;em&gt;chúpate esa&lt;/em&gt; para vanagloriarse de haber dejado al otro en mala posición. También se podría usar &lt;em&gt;¡toma!&lt;/em&gt; o alguna otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece muy gráfico el uso de la expresión: has dicho algo y te toca tragártelo de alguna forma, aunque sea metafóricamente. De todos modos, me parece curioso que se use &lt;em&gt;chupar&lt;/em&gt; como verbo. ¿Alguien sabe por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sea usa muchísimo, pero sí cada vez más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=ch%C3%BApate+esa&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cch%C3%BApate%20esa%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8isr4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:19:57.523" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;chúpate esa&quot; cuando replicamos a alguien dejando su argumento en evidencia?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17287" CreationDate="2016-11-04T14:00:39.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase original era &lt;em&gt;mejorándolo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; presente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La repetición de la silaba &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; era de difícil pronunciación y al pronunciarse puede entenderse como &lt;em&gt;mejorando lo presente&lt;/em&gt;. Si no, prueben a pronunciar &lt;em&gt;mejorándolo lo presente&lt;/em&gt; y se darán cuenta que suena como &lt;em&gt;mejorando lo presente&lt;/em&gt; si se dice de forma rápida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ante la dificultad de pronunciarlo correctamente y ante el sonido que no se distinguía, se extendió el uso de &lt;em&gt;mejorando lo presente&lt;/em&gt; sin más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo leí por algún sitio en Internet y creo que es la explicación más convincente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14161" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T14:16:55.373" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T14:16:55.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T15:55:06.947" Score="3" ViewCount="40851" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensaba que la hembra del &quot;tigre&quot; era exclusivamente &quot;tigresa&quot;, pero el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tigresa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; indica que&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para designar específicamente al animal hembra, se utiliza, en la lengua general, el femenino &lt;strong&gt;tigresa&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque en algunos países americanos es normal el femenino &lt;strong&gt;tigra&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para rematar con que &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el español medieval y clásico era normal el uso de la forma &lt;strong&gt;tigre&lt;/strong&gt; como común en cuanto al género (el/la tigre).&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejando aparte el uso &quot;medieval y clásico&quot; de &lt;strong&gt;la tigre&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿dónde se utiliza cada una de las formas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:59:32.707" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T12:24:28.080" Title="La hembra del tigre - ¿&quot;tigresa&quot; o &quot;tigra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18706" CreationDate="2016-11-04T16:14:20.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario de Americanismos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=waSMutV9tx0APWFMkx3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tigra.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    f. &lt;em&gt;Ho, ES, Ni, CR, RD, Ve, Ec, Bo; Pa, Co:C,O, rur, vulg; Ar, rur.&lt;/em&gt; Hembra del &lt;strong&gt;tigre&lt;/strong&gt;, jaguar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expandiendo esa lista de abreviaturas, tenemos las siguientes zonas donde se escuchará &lt;em&gt;la tigra&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;la tigre&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;la tigresa&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Honduras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Salvador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La República Dominicana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venezuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ecuador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bolivia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, en las zonas rurales de las siguientes regiones, se considera vulgar (es decir, la norma culta prefiere la forma &lt;em&gt;la tigresa&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panamá&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia (central, oeste, partes rurales)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina (partes rurales)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que haya otras regiones, pero estas son las con la mayor probabilidad de su empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T16:16:43.550" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T16:16:43.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18709" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T16:48:03.027" Score="0" ViewCount="995" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo observar un patrón en torno a los tiempos verbales (en indicativo) pero no sé sí estaré en lo correcto. Sin usar definiciones exactas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observo que los verbos simples son siempre &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfectos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (indican una acción cuyo inicio o final no está definido). &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Ej&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;em&gt;cocino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;em&gt;cociné&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;em&gt;cocinaré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observo cuando el verbo principal es participio son siempre &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Perfectos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (indican que la acción ya ha concluido). &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Ej&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He &lt;em&gt;cocinado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Habiendo &lt;em&gt;cocinado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estando &lt;em&gt;cocinado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Siendo &lt;em&gt;cocinado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Habiendo sido &lt;em&gt;cocinado&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente cuando el verbo principal es gerundio indican una acción que está en desarrollo.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Ej&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;em&gt;cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estuve &lt;em&gt;cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estaré &lt;em&gt;cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estando &lt;em&gt;cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He estado &lt;em&gt;cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- ¿Es éste patrón correcto? Lo he probado con más de una decena de verbos y siempre me funciona pero por supuesto no estoy seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- ¿Qué título reciben los verbos &quot;en desarrollo&quot;?  Tenemos &quot;Perfectos&quot; para indicar las acciones completadas e &quot;Imperfectas&quot; para indicar las cuyo inicio o fin no está claro pero no encuentro qué título llevan los que claramente están en desarrollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Si el patrón es correcto, ¿también aplicará para el subjuntivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- ¿Se pueden usar otros tiempos verbales aparte del gerundio para expresar acciones en desarrollo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T09:39:52.333" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T09:39:52.333" Title="¿Reciben un nombre especial los gerundios de los verbos? ¿Se pueden expresar acciones en desarrollo sin usar el gerundio?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales-progresivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T18:54:16.030" Score="0" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Madrid quiere Amsterdam&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &quot;Madrid loves Amsterdam&quot;? Or do you have to add another word in between? Or even a whole different sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14167" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T19:15:40.097" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T19:29:38.157" Title="Quiere - how to use in sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18710" CreationDate="2016-11-04T19:27:14.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence &quot;Madrid loves Amsterdam&quot; could be translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Madrid quiere a Amsterdam&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Madrid ama a Amsterdam&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You only missed the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. When you use the verb &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; you can use it meaning that you desire something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero un plato de patatas fritas (no need for preposition as the desired thing is an object)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or meaning that you love someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero a mi pareja (preposition is needed as the desired thing is a person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, both Madrid and Amsterdam are considered as the collective of people living in them, rather than the city itself, so you need the preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, this kind of propagandistic sentences usually remain in English (at least in Spain), as everyone understand the typical &quot;I ❤ NY&quot; or similar sentences. And why not, it seems that English is cooler in advertising campaigns. Something that the RAE is trying to avoid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-05T19:29:38.157" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T19:29:38.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18712" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T20:10:31.647" Score="16" ViewCount="1147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trasteando en el CORDE me encontré con este texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Yendo dos señoras por la calle, la una de ellas que se decía Castañeda, soltósele un trueno bajero, a lo cual dijo la otra:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Niña, pápate esa castaña.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Echándose de ellos por tres veces arreo, y respondiendo la otra lo mismo, volviéronse y vieron un doctor en medicina que les venía&#xA;  detrás, y, por saber si había habido sentimiento del negocio,&#xA;  dijéronle:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Señor, ¿ha rato que nos sigue?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Respondió:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—De la primera castaña, señoras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Timoneda, &quot;Buen aviso y portacuentos&quot;, España (1564)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este relato corto, uno de los muchos del libro mencionado, es lo que hoy conocemos como un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8uGDUv7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;chiste&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Dicho u ocurrencia agudos y graciosos.&quot; Los chistes suelen ser breves, expresados en unas pocas frases (aunque hay excepciones). Por tanto, no estoy buscando aquí diálogos humorísticos presentes en comedias, sino relatos breves, no insertados en obras más largas, que puedan constituir un chiste por sí mismo sin formar parte de un contexto más grande. Y por breve me refiero a relatos que puedan ser repetidos de memoria y de forma íntegra por cualquier persona con simplemente ser oídos una vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál podría ser considerado el chiste más antiguo escrito en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tratar de centrar un poco el tiro, en la Wikipedia se comenta &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiste&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España, las primeras compilaciones de chistes se encuentran en el género renacentista de las misceláneas del siglo XVI y XVII, de ámbito especialmente cortesano, destacando en especial Pero Mexía [1497-1551], quien los agrupó por temas, entre muchos otros entre los que cabe mencionar a Juan Timoneda [1518-1583]. Algunos poetas cultivaron especialmente este tipo de divertimentos cortesanos, como por ejemplo Baltasar del Alcázar [1530-1606].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que encontré es precisamente de Juan de Timoneda. Luego, y salvo que algún escritor publicara algún chiste suelto intercalado en alguna obra mayor, básicamente habría que mirar cuál es la primera de esas compilaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T08:39:10.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T12:27:41.183" Title="¿Cuál es el chiste más antiguo escrito en español?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-05T12:51:11.500" Score="1" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K86EQY7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hemeralopía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. cient. &lt;em&gt;hemeralopia&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἡμεράλωψ&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ωπος&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;hēmerálōps&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ōpos&lt;/em&gt; '&lt;strong&gt;ciego de día&lt;/strong&gt;' y el lat. &lt;em&gt;-ia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;'-ia'&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Med. &lt;strong&gt;Pérdida de visión cuando la iluminación es escasa.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimológicamente era, por tanto, &quot;ceguera durante el día&quot; = &quot;mala visión cuando la iluminación es abundante&quot; y ha adquirido el significado opuesto: &quot;mala visión cuando la iluminación es escasa&quot; = &quot;ceguera nocturna&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;Diccionario terminológico de ciencias médicas&quot; (Salvat, 1982) define hemeralopía com:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(del gr. &lt;em&gt;hemera&lt;/em&gt;, día, &lt;em&gt;alaós&lt;/em&gt;, ciego, y &lt;em&gt;ops, opós&lt;/em&gt;, ojo) f. A., Término equívoco que aunque etimológicamente significa falta de aptitud para ver a pleno día, se emplea en sentido contrario o sea de disminución de la agudeza visual a la luz crepuscular o poco intensa&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se produjo este cambio al significado opuesto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:59:26.877" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:59:26.877" Title="Significado de &quot;hemeralopía&quot; opuesto al etimológico" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-05T13:36:39.487" Score="1" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Dicionario de la Lengua da para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QU6veUi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nictálope&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; únicamente dos definiciones que además son contradictorias, se utilizan en el mismo ámbito y no se indica que una de las dos sea desusada o preferida: &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Biol. y Med. Dicho de una persona o especialmente de un animal: &lt;strong&gt;Que ve mejor de noche que de día.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Biol. y Med. Dicho especialmente de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene dificultad para ver de noche o con luz escasa.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. c. s.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Parece que el problema viene de antiguo, ya que el propio Diccionario de la Lengua indica en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QU6veUi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra que&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;nyctălops, -ōpis&lt;/em&gt; '&lt;strong&gt;que solo ve de noche&lt;/strong&gt;', y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;νυκτάλωψ, -ωπος nyktálōps, -ōpos&lt;/em&gt; '&lt;strong&gt;que no ve de noche&lt;/strong&gt;'&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, consultando el &quot;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico&quot;, aparece en la entrada más antigua de &quot;nictalope&quot; (1787 TERREROS Y PANDO)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Segun Plinio es el que &lt;strong&gt;de dia ve bastantemente, por la tarde poco, y de noche nada&lt;/strong&gt;, lo cual se conforma con la Nictalopia; pero eso no obstante lo explican otros diciendo, que el Nictalope es el que &lt;strong&gt;de noche ve bastante, y de dia es ciego&lt;/strong&gt;. Teodor. Prisc. l. 1.c.10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;Diccionario terminológico de ciencias médicas&quot; (Salvat, 1982) define &lt;strong&gt;nictálope&lt;/strong&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(del gr. &lt;em&gt;nyx, nyktós&lt;/em&gt;, noche, &lt;em&gt;alaós&lt;/em&gt;, ciego, y &lt;em&gt;ops, opós&lt;/em&gt;, ojo). adj. Dícese de la persona afecta de nictalopía.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;strong&gt;nictalopía&lt;/strong&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ceguera nocturna o visión imperfecta con luz escasa; con este significado sería sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;hemeralopía&lt;/em&gt; tal y como hoy se entiende este último término (V. HEMERALOPÍA); pero, en general, &lt;em&gt;nictalopía&lt;/em&gt; significa precisamente lo contrario de lo que indica su etimología: visión mejor con luz escasa que con luz brillante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Cómo pueden persistir hasta hoy esas dos acepciones contradictorias? ¿Se utiliza con ambas acepciones, o el uso habitual es con una de ellas y la otra no se utiliza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:59:19.213" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:59:19.213" Title="Significados contradictorios de &quot;nictálope&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-05T13:52:22.053" Score="1" ViewCount="2780" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does one use “suyo” In closing a letter to a loved one, such as a spouse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I wish to write “only yours,” or “yours.”   I have searched my grammar textbook and Spanish dictionaries.  Perhaps it is an idiomatic expression.  I welcome feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14172" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T15:22:54.000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T02:47:13.393" Title="How to say “Yours,” or “yours only&quot; to close a letter to a loved one?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3358" CreationDate="2016-11-05T14:56:54.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pistear&lt;/em&gt; en Colombia no necesariamente está relacionado con algo ilegal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser un sinonimo de &quot;ver&quot;. Por ejemplo: &quot;nos pisteamos&quot; es un &quot;nos vemos&quot; a manera de despedida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También como &lt;em&gt;cuidar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vigilar&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo &quot;pistee el carro mientras descargamos&quot; es un &quot;cuide el carro mientras descargamos (productos o mercancias)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14173" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T15:19:11.950" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T15:19:11.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3358" CreationDate="2016-11-05T19:55:40.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente relacionado con que, según el Diccionario de la lengua, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=24j7EFV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alpiste&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. coloq. Bebida alcohólica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;darle al alpiste&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; se utiliza con el significado de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;beber algún tipo de bebida alcohólica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dzcdzc.blogspot.com.es/2007/07/darle-al-alpiste.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Darle al alpiste&lt;/strong&gt;: beber algún tipo de bebida alcohólica.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.poprosa.com/europa/confirmado-amy-winehouse-murio-por-accidente-tras-darle-al-alpiste&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confirmado: Amy Winehouse murió por accidente tras &lt;strong&gt;darle al alpiste&lt;/strong&gt;. El caso está cerrado poproseros. Amy Winehouse murió accidentalmente tras una fuerte intoxicación alcohólica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.420radiocr.com/news/files/%E2%80%9Cpour-some-liquor%E2%80%9D-es-el-nuevostarvideo-de-los-jamaicanos-tok-con-jr-reid-y-maino.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...tradición legendaria en la isla, consistente en derramar un poco de licor en honor a algun amigo o familiar que ha fallecido. Es una manera de recuerdo y saludo especialmente si le gustaba &lt;strong&gt;darle al alpiste&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:58:57.943" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:58:57.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18713" CreationDate="2016-11-05T20:37:55.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que el cambio se produjo cuando la RAE posiblemente erró con la etimología de la palabra. Según algunos diccionarios registrados en el NTLLE, como el Zerolo de 1895, la palabra proviene del griego, sí, pero de un modo diferente al que dicen: asegura que la primera parte de la palabra (ἡμέρα, &lt;em&gt;heméra&lt;/em&gt;) significa simplemente &quot;día&quot;, y la parte final viene de βλέπω (&lt;em&gt;vlépo&lt;/em&gt;, ver) y significa simplemente &quot;yo veo&quot;. Por tanto, la &quot;hemeralopía&quot; sería simplemente &quot;yo veo de día&quot; o &quot;visión diurna&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En griego antiguo, &quot;ciego&quot; se decía τυφλός (&lt;em&gt;tuflós&lt;/em&gt;), que no aparece en la palabra completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción sería que la palabra proviniera de ἡμέρα (&lt;em&gt;heméra&lt;/em&gt;, día), ὄψις (&lt;em&gt;ópsis&lt;/em&gt;, visión, vista), y en medio se colara ὅλος (&lt;em&gt;holos&lt;/em&gt;, único, solamente): visión solo de día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-05T22:07:20.863" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T22:07:20.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18714" CreationDate="2016-11-05T21:14:01.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo desde &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18718/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a la anterior pregunta, la palabra vendría de νύξ (&lt;em&gt;nýx&lt;/em&gt;, noche) y βλέπω (&lt;em&gt;vlépo&lt;/em&gt;, ver). O puede que venga de νύξ (&lt;em&gt;nýx&lt;/em&gt;, noche), ὄψις (&lt;em&gt;ópsis&lt;/em&gt;, visión, vista), y en medio se colara ὅλος (&lt;em&gt;holos&lt;/em&gt;, único, solamente): visión solo de noche. Lo curioso es que si buscas en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE la palabra &quot;hemeralopía&quot;, en muchas de las tarjetas simplemente te redirigen a &quot;nictalopía&quot;, aumentando la confusión. Sin embargo, en uno de los diccionarios del NTTLE, el Domínguez de 1853, se lee lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos dicen que esta palabra designa una afección en la cual uno está privado de vista durante la noche; pero esto no deja de ser un error gramatical y un contrasentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se suele usar para designar a esas aves que tienen mejor visión durante la noche:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habían resurgido los conocidos monstruos, con la misma imprecisión de las pesadillas, pero también con su misma potencia, encabezados por la ambigua figura de costumbre, que desde la oscuridad lo observaba con sus ojos verdosos, con su mirada de nictálope, la expresión de una nocturna ave de rapiña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ernesto Sábato, &quot;Abaddón el exterminador&quot;, Argentina (1974)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, recordemos que la RAE únicamente se dedica a recoger la expresión escrita, y ha habido muchos casos en los que las palabras &quot;hemerálope&quot; y &quot;nictálope&quot; se han usado indistintamente, debido la confusión que ambas palabras causan. ¿Cuál es la que designa al que no ve de día y cuál al que no ve de noche? Si no se conoce la etimología es fácil confundirlas, como hay mucha gente que confunde los términos &quot;miope&quot; e &quot;hipermétrope&quot; (no saben cuál es el que ve de cerca y cuál el que ve de lejos). Por eso existen ambos sentidos en el diccionario. Ahora bien, lo que no veo lógico es que la RAE aumente la confusión al incluir etimologías contradictorias. No es que yo diga que la que yo presento sea correcta, pero al menos que lo investiguen más concienzudamente, ya que hay autores que durante los años han parecido discrepar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T22:11:41.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8604" CreationDate="2016-11-05T22:58:39.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Achichuca es mucho calor y Achichai mucho frio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14177" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T22:58:39.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18140" CreationDate="2016-11-05T23:27:49.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me contesto a mí mismo. Escribí un correo a Fundéu con esta pregunta exactamente y recibí esta respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3mVHn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3mVHn.png&quot; alt=&quot;Fundéu&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13774" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T23:27:49.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18723" CreationDate="2016-11-06T01:24:28.250" Score="2" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se usa la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;by&lt;/em&gt;&quot; para decir frases como &quot;&lt;em&gt;study by reading&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; en la cual &quot;&lt;em&gt;by reading&lt;/em&gt;&quot; significa la manera en que la acción está logrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quisiera decir algo como &quot;&lt;em&gt;I helped him by giving him something&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; por ejemplo, ¿cómo lo traduciría? ¿Diría &quot;&lt;em&gt;lo ayudé por darle algo a él&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;lo ayudé dándole algo a él&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; u otra cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the word &quot;&lt;em&gt;by&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is used to say phrases like &quot;&lt;em&gt;study by reading&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; where &quot;&lt;em&gt;by reading&lt;/em&gt;&quot; signifies the manner in which the action is achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I wanted to say something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;I helped him by giving him something&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; for example, how would I translate that? Would I say &quot;&lt;em&gt;lo ayudé por darle algo a él&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;lo ayudé dándole algo a él&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6782" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:58:49.550" Title="How is the method/means of performing an action expressed?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18722" CreationDate="2016-11-06T12:29:57.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción correcta sería tu segunda opción: &quot;lo ayudé dándole algo&quot; pero suprimiendo el &quot;&lt;em&gt;a él&lt;/em&gt;&quot; por redundante, al  estar ya incluido en dándo&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation would be your second choice : &quot;lo ayudé dándole algo&quot; but supressing the final &quot;&lt;em&gt;a él&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as it is included in &lt;em&gt;&quot;dándo&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:58:49.550" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:58:49.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18722" CreationDate="2016-11-06T13:56:29.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, como la respuesta anterior ya aclaró, lo correcto sería &quot;lo ayudé dándole algo&quot;. Además, si volvemos al primer que diste (&quot;study by reading&quot;), la traducción correcta sería usando el gerundio del verbo: &quot;estudiar leyendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, as stated in the previous answer, the correct translation would be &quot;lo ayudé dándole algo.&quot; Furthermore, going back to your first example (&quot;study by reading&quot;), the correct translation would use the continuous tense: &quot;estudiar leyendo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14178" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T13:56:29.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18725" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-06T14:39:59.733" Score="6" ViewCount="1025" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated noun &quot;can&quot; into Spanish. There are two expressions there: &lt;em&gt;lata f&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bote m&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am studying the difference between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JrLWqm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JrLWqm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lata&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Envase hecho de hojalata. Una lata de tabaco, de salmón, de pimientos.&quot; or &quot; Tabla delgada sobre la cual se aseguran las tejas.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Salto que da una pelota u otro cuerpo elástico que sale despedido al chocar contra una superficie dura.&quot; or &quot;Salto que da cualquier cuerpo elevándose desde la superficie donde se encuentra.&quot;- RAE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hypothesis: &lt;em&gt;lata&lt;/em&gt; refers to can of food, &lt;em&gt;bote&lt;/em&gt; refers to garbage can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right? What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T15:25:39.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T20:40:03.687" Title="How to say 'can' in Spanish? What is the difference between &quot;lata&quot; and &quot;bote&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18715" CreationDate="2016-11-06T15:24:56.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest translation is &lt;strong&gt;Siempre tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T15:24:56.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18725" CreationDate="2016-11-06T15:40:12.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Relevant RAE definitions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lata&lt;/strong&gt;: Envase hecho de hojalata &lt;em&gt;(can made of tin)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bote&lt;/strong&gt;: Recipiente pequeño, comúnmente cilíndrico, que sirve para guardar tanto líquidos como objetos. &lt;em&gt;(small can, often cylindrical, used for storing liquids and objects as well)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;Lata&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;metal&lt;/strong&gt; can, often used for drinks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/38hwJm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/38hwJm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Two &amp;quot;latas&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some food:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/87EQim.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/87EQim.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt; is a can made of other materials. For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ryx9Sm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ryx9Sm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vIfszm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vIfszm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10971" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T19:41:32.457" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T19:41:32.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18447" CreationDate="2016-11-06T17:32:45.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to Carlos Alejo's earlier answer, in my experience I've heard &quot;conífera&quot; used interchangeably with &quot;árbol de hoja perenne&quot; (evergreen tree), although coniferous trees are technically a subset of evergreens, according to their definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14178" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T17:32:45.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18725" CreationDate="2016-11-06T20:40:03.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bote&quot;, &quot;lata&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;pote&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be synonyms in some countries, and for adding some complications in some countries some terms are not used at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in my country (Venezuela), the word &quot;bote&quot; in not used at all, &quot;pote&quot; is used to name almost all kinds of recipients containing any kind of liquids or arid, (eatables or not), the word &quot;lata&quot; is referred to any kind of recipients made of metallic materials, no matter the contents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe in Central America and Mexico, the word &quot;bote&quot; is most used at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14181" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T20:40:03.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18740" CreationDate="2016-11-07T15:22:41.477" Score="2" ViewCount="16364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me acabo de acordar de la expresión &lt;em&gt;a salto de mata&lt;/em&gt;. Hacía tiempo que no la oía y vi que el DRAE la recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X79BxUq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;salto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X79BxUq#5Gwy4Eg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salto de mata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Huida o escape por temor al castigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X79BxUq#5H7LmJd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a salto de mata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Huyendo y recatándose.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. adv. Aprovechando las ocasiones que depara la casualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, en España la oigo para definir lo que se hace deprisa y corriendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me saqué la carrera &lt;strong&gt;a salto de mata&lt;/strong&gt;: como estudiaba y trabajaba, los exámenes los aprobaba estudiando lo justo y con algo de suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa esta expresión en otras zonas aparte de España? Si es así, ¿se hace con el mismo sentido? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T14:28:21.643" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T11:52:11.080" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;a salto de mata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T22:01:47.307" Score="0" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy intentando aprender correctamente los tiempos verbales. ¿Podrían por favor verificar si he aplicado correctamente los tiempos al verbo &lt;strong&gt;cocinar&lt;/strong&gt;? Además hay un par de tiempos que no logró identificar o quizas no sean tiempos sino perífrasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempos Simples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cocino&lt;/em&gt; =  Presente simple   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cociné&lt;/em&gt; = Pretérito perfecto simple   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cocinaba&lt;/em&gt; = Pretérito imperfecto   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cocinaré&lt;/em&gt; = Futuro simple   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cocinaría&lt;/em&gt; = Futuro condicional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiempos Compuestos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = Pretérito perfecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Había cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = Pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hube cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = Pretérito anterior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habiendo cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = ¿Será un perífrasis con gerundio y no un tiempo verbal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habré cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = Futuro perfecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He estado cocinando&lt;/em&gt; = ¿El &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; parece indicar que es perfecto pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estado cocinando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; parece ser una perífrasis con gerundio?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habría cocinado&lt;/em&gt; = Futuro condicional perfecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T09:26:52.637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T09:26:52.637" Title="Tiempos verbales aplicados a &quot;cocinar&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-08T00:40:25.953" Score="5" ViewCount="4319" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los términos &lt;strong&gt;Morfema&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Desinencia&lt;/strong&gt; parecieran usarse de forma intercambiable en numerosas fuentes informativas. ¿Significan lo mismo o hay alguna diferencia sutil que yo no he identificado? ¿Es alguna de las dos &quot;más&quot; correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que a veces ciertos términos tienen un uso histórico y que han cambiado con el tiempo. Si ese fuera el caso aquí, ¿cuál de estos es el que concuerda con la RAE en la actualidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T08:29:27.547" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T11:44:00.637" Title="¿Significan lo mismo &quot;morfema&quot; y &quot;desinencia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;morfología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18731" CreationDate="2016-11-08T07:49:38.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para todos aquellos que tengan dudas sobre los tiempos verbales, mi recomendación es consultar en la RAE el infinitivo del verbo. Junto a este aparece un botón de &quot;conjugar&quot; que permite acceder a la conjugación de los tiempos simples de dicho verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hshQA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hshQA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Conjugación de cocinar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para acceder a los tiempos compuestos, basta con consultar los tiempos simples correspondientes del verbo haber, y añadir detrás el participio del verbo principal. Para conocer la correspondencia, se puede consultar la siguiente tabla (válida tanto para indicativo como para subjuntivo y las formas no personales):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tiempo compuesto         tiempo simple verbo haber&#xA;--------------------------------------------------&#xA;infinitivo compuesto     infinitivo simple&#xA;gerundio compuesto       gerundio simple&#xA;pret. perf. compuesto    presente&#xA;pret. pluscuamperfecto   pret. imperfecto&#xA;pret. anterior           pret. perfecto simple&#xA;futuro compuesto         futuro simple&#xA;condicional compuesto    condicional simple&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definición de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9aukAUD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cocinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definición de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jv4Frsm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el tiempo &quot;he estado cocinando&quot;, puedes consultar la conjugación de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GnJiqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; para los tiempos simples, o la mencionada de &quot;haber&quot; para los compuestos de &quot;estar&quot;. El DPD dice lo siguiente sobre la construcción en la entrada sobre &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + gerundio&lt;/strong&gt;. Forma una perífrasis durativa, que presenta la acción en el curso de su desarrollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T09:23:44.823" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T09:23:44.823" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18737" CreationDate="2016-11-08T09:52:12.093" Score="2" ViewCount="1107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that there have been other posts about properly translating the verb &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt;, but I am still feeling unsatisfied with the answers. I came up with the following question that I think gets to the heart of the confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you translate into Spanish the following sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't expect him to wait for me but I hope he does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope he doesn't wait for me but I expect him to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, how would you translate into English the title of my post?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm asking this not to be overly nit-picky, but because I often find myself in situations where I need to say something about expecting, waiting, or hoping, and feel like I could be badly misunderstood if I don't express it correctly. (I'm from New York and currently in Mexico working a new job I got down here ... so my Spanish skills are very important.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14077" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T07:35:11.127" Title="What is the meaning of 'esperar' in &quot;No espero que él me vaya a esperar, pero espero que lo haga&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18736" CreationDate="2016-11-08T10:15:14.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You only have to see the first three meanings of &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt; to see the confusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GYqGDs8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esperar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sperāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Tener esperanza de conseguir lo que se desea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Creer que ha de suceder algo, especialmente si es favorable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Permanecer en sitio adonde se cree que ha de ir alguien o en donde se presume que ha de ocurrir algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first meaning is the definition of &lt;em&gt;to hope&lt;/em&gt;. The second one is the definition of &lt;em&gt;to expect&lt;/em&gt;. And finally the third one is the definition of &lt;em&gt;to wait&lt;/em&gt;. If you do not want to use the same verb for every case, let's try to search some synonyms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esperar (hope): &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AFANQX4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confiar&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Cni7XXE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desear&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2g910hg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;anhelar&lt;/a&gt;, tener la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GYjXr3Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esperanza&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QxGRTE0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ojalá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esperar (expect): tener la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HI1X80V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;expectativa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AFANQX4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confiar&lt;/a&gt;, estar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XTrgHXd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seguro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can translate your sentences as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't expect him to wait for me but I hope he does = &lt;em&gt;No confío en que me espere, pero ojalá lo haga. / No confío en que me espere, aunque tengo la esperanza [de que así sea].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope he doesn't wait for me but I expect him to = &lt;em&gt;Deseo que no me espere, aunque tengo esa expectativa. / Ojalá no me espere, pero estoy seguro de lo que hará.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About translating into English, that is not the main subject of this site. Just bear in mind fedorqui's comment about what would be the proper sentence (&lt;em&gt;lo haga&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;le hace&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:15:14.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18733" CreationDate="2016-11-08T10:22:11.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18733/significan-lo-mismo-morfema-y-desinencia#comment27670_18733&quot;&gt;comenta guifa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desinencia&lt;/em&gt; es un subconjunto de &lt;em&gt;morfema&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D6QAVPV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desinencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Der. del lat. desĭnens, -entis, part. act. de desinĕre 'acabar, finalizar'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Gram. &lt;strong&gt;Morfema&lt;/strong&gt; flexivo pospuesto a la raíz, especialmente la de un verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Polt8j2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;morfema&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del gr. μορφή morphḗ 'forma' y -ma.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Gram. Unidad mínima aislable en el análisis morfológico. La palabra mujeres contiene dos morfemas: mujer y -es.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Gram. Por oposición a lexema, morfema gramatical; p. ej., de, no, yo, el, -ar, -s, -ero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Gram. Unidad mínima de significado. La terminación verbal -mos contiene dos morfemas: persona, primera, y número, plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como comentan en &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/morfema/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de morfema - Qué es, Significado y Concepto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Morfema es, en el campo de la lingüística, la unidad mínima analizable que posee significado gramatical. Por ejemplo: yo, no, le.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El morfema, por lo tanto, es un monema dependiente capaz de expresar significado. Cuando se encuentra unido a un lexema (monema no-dependiente), el morfema es la referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de morfemas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;le&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de desinencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cant&lt;strong&gt;ábamos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese por cierto que en &lt;a href=&quot;http://palabralia-elverbo.blogspot.com.es/p/raiz-y-desinencias.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Raíz y desinencias&lt;/a&gt; mencionan esta supuesta relación de sinónimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las desinencias también llamadas morfemas, son las terminaciones que se añaden al lexema o raíz para construir las distintas fomas verbales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé lo suficiente al respecto para poder aportar más contenido a la discusión. Editadme si queréis para aportar datos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:22:11.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16814" CreationDate="2016-11-08T10:43:23.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another example to explain further how both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can be used for good and bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pastel de chocolate &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, (all) chocolate cake is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pastel de chocolate &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular chocolate cake is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you may use either verb, depending on the meaning you want to give your sentence.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:43:23.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18730" CreationDate="2016-11-08T12:10:59.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo sino dar una respuesta a la pregunta que pide saber su origen. Las primeras apariciones en el CORDE son del siglo XV, y siempre en refraneros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas vale salto de mata que ruego de ombres buenos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Marqués de Santillana (Íñigo López de Mendoza), &quot;Refranes que dizen las viejas tras el fuego&quot;, España (a 1454).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de autoridades de la RAE (tomo I, 1726) aparece recogido dicho refrán, explicándolo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mas vale salto de mata que ruego de buenos.&lt;/strong&gt; Refr. que enséña, que al que ha cometido algun excesso por donde tema ser castigado, mas le aprovecha el ponerse en salvo y escaparse, que no el que pidan por él Personas de suposición y autoridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego ahí ya tenemos que el &lt;em&gt;salto de mata&lt;/em&gt; es una huida para ponerse a salvo. Y curiosamente, el origen es bastante prosaico y nos lo da Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saltar de la mata&lt;/strong&gt;, descubrirse el que estava secreto: termino de caçadores quando vã a ojeo de liebres, o conejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, un &quot;salto de mata&quot; es lo que hacen los conejos que se creen ocultos, cuando son descubiertos: saltan y huyen para ponerse a salvo en otro sitio. Como una huida se suele hacer deprisa y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=amIvx33&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a trompicones&lt;/a&gt;, no resulta extraño que se use también con la acepción que comentas en tu ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre si se usa en otro sitio, lo más que puedo decirte es que en el diccionario de americanismos no aparece la expresión tal cual, así que o se usa con el mismo significado o no se usa, eso ya lo tendrán que decir nuestros amigos americanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T12:10:59.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18746" CreationDate="2016-11-08T13:56:23.207" Score="5" ViewCount="9340" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo una &lt;a href=&quot;http://espanol.babycenter.com/l25009795/7-men%25C3%25BAs-para-ni%25C3%25B1os-peque%25C3%25B1os-fotos#ixzz4PQQ3Ucm6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web de bebés&lt;/a&gt; traducida en México me encontré con un menú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una galleta salada (&lt;strong&gt;de ser posible&lt;/strong&gt;, integral) y 1/4 de taza de queso (bajo en grasas) es una merienda deliciosa y entretenida que puedes compartir con tu bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, además de lo delicioso de la comida me sorprendió el uso de la expresión &lt;em&gt;de ser posible&lt;/em&gt;. Esta quiere decir &quot;preferiblemente&quot;, pero yo siempre la he usado con la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;a ser posible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en Google Ngram me doy cuenta que &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=a+ser+posible%2Cde+ser+posible&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2015&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ca%20ser%20posible%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cde%20ser%20posible%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambas coexisten&lt;/a&gt; y se alternan el liderato en cuanto a cuál usar (deberían filtrarse usos tangenciales, eso sí):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=a+ser+posible%2Cde+ser+posible&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2015&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ca%20ser%20posible%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cde%20ser%20posible%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IJSqG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que me pregunto: ¿existe una forma aceptada sobre la otra para esta expresión? ¿Tiene diferencias regionales? Nótese que en España es donde reconozco el uso de &lt;em&gt;a ser posible&lt;/em&gt; mientras que la web creo que está traducida en México (no encuentro referencias en el sitio, pero por el tipo de español que usan lo juraría).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T18:26:53.837" LastActivityDate="2020-02-21T15:39:09.307" Title="¿Se dice &quot;a ser posible&quot; o &quot;de ser posible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-08T15:36:36.293" Score="3" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would you call a &quot;highway sticker&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highway sticker is a type of a sticker that drivers have to stick on their windshield as a proof of payment for using the highway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lXNN9.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lXNN9.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;image&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestion: muestra de la carretera, pegatinas de coche, pegatinas para coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is no expression for that because in Spain they do not have them. But even if they would not have them, there has to be a name for it when the Spanish people travel in other countries..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that a sticker is &lt;em&gt;espina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;abrojo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;etiqueta&lt;/em&gt;, and highway is &lt;em&gt;autovía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;carretera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;autopista&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: could it be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pegatina de peaje&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="13813" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T13:15:44.983" LastActivityDate="2019-05-01T02:30:03.977" Title="&quot;Highway sticker&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18676" CreationDate="2016-11-08T15:55:30.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de mucho buscar, he conseguido encontrar una referencia a la expresión. Se encuentra en la página 3 de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000771362&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=congrio%20mal%20ave&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;edición del 6 de enero de 1921 de El Heraldo de Madrid&lt;/a&gt;. En esta página hay un artículo titulado &quot;Curiosidades - Talegas entre blasones&quot;, firmado por el pseudónimo &quot;Rigel&quot;, que narra la cena de un millonario en un restaurante, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Pero cada uno es como el diablo le ha hecho, y aun peor, y un deslenguado me contó no ha mucho que en cierto banquete, al que asistía uno de estos hombres bárbaramente enriquecidos, sirvieron un plato de faisán sabrosamente condimentado, del cual se comió una buena ración el hombre de los muchos millones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Gran parecido encontraba el Creso del nuevo cuño la sazonada carne a la del pollo; pero ni por semejas podía confundirla con ella, y como pensaba regalarse en lo sucesivo con análoga pitanza, y no sabía su nombre, se atrevió a preguntárselo al comensal que estaba a su lado derecho:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Dígame usted, y perdone: ¿cómo se llama esto que comemos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Ave—dijo, mostrando extrañeza, el preguntado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Y aquí entra lo único censurable que podemos advertir en la conducta de crematístico insigne. El prurito de mostrarse enterado de todo apareció a sus ojos con gesto tentador y al punto en que comenzaba a comer del siguiente plato, que él conocía muy bien por ser de congrio guisado, dijo el ricachón, inclinándose al oído de su vecino de la izquierda:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—¡Tampoco es mal ave el congrio! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que el artículo dejó huella en el saber popular. Hay algunos relatos, como el que enlazas, que afirman que el autor de la frase es Eduardo Dato. Ignoro si este artículo es original, si es un plagio, si está inventado o si está basado en hechos reales. El caso es que Eduardo Dato murió a los dos meses de escribirse ese artículo, y tu enlace dice que la anécdota sucedió &quot;unos pocos días antes&quot;. Puede que Eduardo Dato, que vivía en Madrid por entonces, hubiera leído recientemente el artículo mencionado antes de aquella cena homenaje. O puede que fuera al revés, que el artículo estuviera basado en la anécdota de Eduardo Dato. Es difícil saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando el artículo por auténtico, la expresión no sería más que una forma de ponerse en evidencia el que habla, revelando que en realidad no conoce el tema del que trata. En todo caso, hoy en día parece que el uso que se le da es más parecido a la anécdota de don Eduardo: se usa para expresar que una alternativa no está nada mal en comparación con la original (o incluso en general). Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jean Luc Godard había estado casado con Ana Karina, que tampoco es mal ave el congrio... (&lt;a href=&quot;https://elventalledecedros.wordpress.com/2013/12/12/anne-wiazemsky/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T18:51:22.833" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T18:51:22.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18742" CreationDate="2016-11-08T21:46:37.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to tell, since this is a payment method that is not used neither in Spain nor in other Spanish speaking countries, as seen in Wikipedia's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_electronic_toll_collection_systems&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;List of electronic toll collection systems&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among other countries, I do know this paying system is used in Switzerland, where they call it &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vignette_(road_tax)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vignette&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Thus, I have heard either &lt;strong&gt;vignette&lt;/strong&gt; or its Spanish equivalent &lt;strong&gt;viñeta&lt;/strong&gt; (in fact, few days ago a friend of mine talked to me about it and used the Spanish version).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I see it mentioned in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tolltickets.com/country/swiss/vignette.aspx?lang=es-ES&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;touristic site&lt;/a&gt; giving hints about Switzerland.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain old cars have to be checked once a year or so in a system called ITV (&lt;em&gt;Inspección Técnica de Vehículos&lt;/em&gt;, vehicle technical inspection). Once you pass the check you get a sticker that you have to put in the front windshield:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZPBczm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZPBczm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, we always say &lt;strong&gt;pegatina&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This to say that there is not a fixed word for this and may depend on circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2004/08/24/vinetas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;origin of the &lt;em&gt;viñetas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the super blog 1de3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T07:39:38.983" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T07:39:38.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18742" CreationDate="2016-11-09T04:45:30.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, this payment method is not used. The use of the stickers is similar to what fedorqui suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we say &lt;strong&gt;oblea&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aQzkwm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aQzkwm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;VTV Oblea&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Verificación Técnica Vehicular - Technical vehicle verification)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Updated 2019/04/30&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have a rfid tag, “TELEPASE”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dtftn.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dtftn.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;telepase&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14199" LastEditorUserId="14199" LastEditDate="2019-05-01T02:30:03.977" LastActivityDate="2019-05-01T02:30:03.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18741" CreationDate="2016-11-09T07:38:45.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según queda registrado en el DRAE, por un lado tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. Ante infinitivo, en expresiones de sentido condicional, equivale a la conjunción &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; con indicativo o subjuntivo. &lt;em&gt;A decir verdad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego &quot;a ser posible&quot; equivale a &quot;si es posible&quot;. Por otro lado tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtFYznp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. U. seguida de infinitivo con valor condicional. &lt;em&gt;De saberlo antes, habría venido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego &quot;de ser posible&quot; también significa &quot;si es posible&quot;. Luego las dos opciones son igualmente válidas. Sobre su uso, si buscamos las expresiones en el CREA y obtenemos sus estadísticas, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                País    Porcentaje de uso&#xA;-----------------------------------------&#xA;a ser posible   ESPAÑA    88.51%&#xA;                MÉXICO    2.87%&#xA;                CHILE     1.91%&#xA;                CUBA      1.19%&#xA;                ARGENTINA 0.95%&#xA;-----------------------------------------&#xA;de ser posible  ARGENTINA 28.48%&#xA;                ESPAÑA    25.58%&#xA;                MÉXICO    20.93%&#xA;                PERÚ      5.81%&#xA;                VENEZUELA 3.48%&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &quot;a ser posible&quot; es de uso mayoritario en España, mientras que &quot;de ser posible&quot; es mucho más usada en Hispanoamérica, aunque también tiene su nicho en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T07:38:45.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18742" CreationDate="2016-11-09T13:29:19.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Uruguay a type of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RFID&lt;/a&gt; chips is used with a system called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telepeaje.com.uy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;telepeaje&lt;/a&gt;. The telepeaje site refers to them as &lt;em&gt;pequeño sticker inteligente&lt;/em&gt; or simply as &lt;em&gt;tag&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;sticker&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13591" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T13:29:19.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2964" CreationDate="2016-11-10T02:34:54.623" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así es. Lo usan las personas de escasa cultura. Muchas personas de las capitales lo usan y no por eso significa que es correcto. Es parecido al decir &quot;echa pa' allá&quot; en vez de &quot;echa para allá&quot;. Aunque lo correcto es &quot;hazte a un lado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14208" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T07:23:53.690" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T07:23:53.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19287" CreationDate="2016-11-10T08:18:48.543" Score="5" ViewCount="1305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2960/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, en la que se afirma que los verbos &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; tienen la misma conjugación porque vienen de verbos muy similares del latín que también se conjugaban igual, me dio por investigar y me encuentro con que las conjugaciones en latín (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbix.com/webverbix/go.php?T1=sapio&amp;amp;Submit=Go&amp;amp;D1=9&amp;amp;H1=109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbix.com/webverbix/go.php?T1=capio&amp;amp;Submit=Go&amp;amp;D1=9&amp;amp;H1=109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) carecían de los tiempos verbales comenzando con &lt;em&gt;cu-&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;su-&lt;/em&gt; de estos verbos. Así, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                    Sápere      Cápere       Actual&#xA;-------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Perf. indicativo    sapuī       cēpī         supe, cupe&#xA;Plusc. indicativo   sapúeram    cḗperās      supiera, cupiera&#xA;Plusc. subjuntivo   sapuíssem   cēpíssem     supiese, cupiese&#xA;Futuro subjuntivo   sapúerō     cḗperō       supiere, cupiere&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver, las conjugaciones no eran exactamente iguales, aunque sí muy parecidas. El caso es que ambos verbos evolucionaron de la misma forma, y han llegado hasta hoy con la misma conjugación, salvo casos particulares (&lt;em&gt;yo sé&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;yo sepo&lt;/em&gt;). En dicha evolución, hubo un momento en que las formas verbales pasaron de &lt;em&gt;sa-/ce-&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;su-/cu-&lt;/em&gt;, y esa es mi pregunta: ¿cuándo ocurrió eso? ¿Por qué? ¿Tiene nombre este fenómeno? ¿Este fenómeno es único de estas formas o sucedió con otras palabras? Bueno, aparte de otros verbos con conjugaciones parecidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tenúeram -&amp;gt; tuviera&#xA;habúeram -&amp;gt; hubiera&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T13:32:33.310" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de las conjugaciones con &quot;cu-&quot; y &quot;su-&quot; de los verbos &quot;caber&quot; y &quot;saber&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7014" CreationDate="2016-11-10T15:29:40.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Compartí esta pregunta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/ecuador/comments/5bt9x6/es_el_espa%C3%B1ol_de_per%C3%BA_yo_ecuador_realmente_m%C3%A1s/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reddit&lt;/a&gt; y recibí una respuesta la mar de interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguna vez un amigo políglota de Texas, que era parte del staff del concurso Miss Universo, y que no es de origen latino, al oír hablar el español de Quito, Ecuador, me dijo, literal: &amp;quot; you (quiteños) don't speak Spanish, you speak Castilian&amp;quot;. Su idea del &amp;quot;español&amp;quot; era distinta, luego de visitar algunos países del mundo por su trabajo y sobretodo escuchando habitualmente a latinoamericanos en Texas hablar &amp;quot;tex-mex&amp;quot;. Es cierto que en ciertas partes rurales de Ecuador los acentos pueden ser acentuados, pero podría decirse que no existen grandes variaciones en cuanto al vocabulario cotidiano. La única gran diferencia con el español de España es la falta de pronunciación de las &amp;quot;z&amp;quot; y las &amp;quot;c&amp;quot; como consonantes denti-linguales. Obviamente nombres de algunas frutas, hortalizas y varios términos arcaicos provenientes del quichua estarán presentes, pero estos últimos serán más escasos en conversaciones de gente con educación superior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro de los acentos del Ecuador, algunos consideran que en la provincia de Loja, al sur, se habla el español con menor acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También a los Quiteños que han dejado ciertos malos hábitos de pronunciación como el arrastre excesivo de la &amp;quot;rr&amp;quot; o la &amp;quot;ll&amp;quot; se los considera con un acento neutro y claro. A veces son confundidos en otros países como mexicanos de Monterrey o del Distrito Federal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T15:29:40.923" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-11-10T15:29:40.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="319" CreationDate="2016-11-10T16:29:24.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IR+A+infinitive = &quot;going to&quot;&#xA;Future tense = &quot;will&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course Spanish is far more complex than that. There is the &quot;Future of probability&quot; which adds a nuance of &quot;perhaps&quot; when using the future tense. It's cultural and it's subtle. All the more reason to continue your study of the Spanish language and the many cultures that speak it today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14211" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T16:29:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T19:04:25.473" Score="4" ViewCount="7823" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PqbyAYy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;morocho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del quechua &lt;em&gt;muruch'u&lt;/em&gt; 'variedad de maíz muy duro'.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Arg., Bol., Par., Perú y Ur. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene la piel morena.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Arg., Par. y Ur. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene pelo negro.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Nic. Dicho de una persona, y especialmente de un niño: &lt;strong&gt;Falto de algunos dientes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. adj. Ven. &lt;strong&gt;mellizo&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ nacido de un mismo parto). U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. adj. coloq. Ec. y Hond. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Robusta y bien conservada.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. m. Chile, Col., Ec., Perú y Ur. &lt;strong&gt;maíz morocho.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el maíz morocho es de color obscuro y duro, es fácil entender que la palabra &quot;morocho&quot; tenga las acepciones (1), (2) y (6) y, figuradamente, la (5), pero ¿las acepciones 3 y 4?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo adquirió &quot;morocho&quot; los significados de &quot;falto de algunos dientes&quot; y &quot;mellizo&quot;en Nicaragua y Venezuela, respectivamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorDisplayName="user14206" LastEditDate="2016-11-26T23:29:23.393" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T10:31:12.080" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;morocho&quot; los significados de &quot;mellizo&quot; y &quot;falto de dientes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18335" CreationDate="2016-11-10T20:42:32.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hombre, &quot;haberlos haylos&quot;, no se desde cuándo, pero &quot;haylos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de trabajar 13 años en una administración de fincas, te puedo decir que no es tan raro escuchar a un conserje o un fontanero, y a otros como arquitectos, abogados, etcétera, decir cosas como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el señor presidente&lt;/strong&gt; me ha dicho que arregle esto&quot;, o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la señora&lt;/strong&gt; dice que se ha quedado sin luz&quot;; en vez de usar el Don tal o la Doña cual. Y en los bares se puede oír todos los días &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el caballero&lt;/strong&gt; tomará una cerveza&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El uso de &quot;señor&quot;, &quot;señora&quot;, &quot;señorita&quot; y &quot;caballero&quot;, es de lo más cotidiano cuando hablas con(o de) clientes o directamente alguien que no conoces o con quien no tienes confianza, aquí en Canarias más todavía, ya que hablamos siempre de usted y estas cosas ya salen solas por pura costumbre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es creencia popular muy extendida que los tratamientos de &quot;señor&quot; y &quot;caballero&quot; vienen de otras épocas cuando el señor era el dueño de un señorío, y el caballero pues eso, un caballero. Aunque yo no lo aseguraría a ciencia cierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hay más: a los jueces en el juzgado, su señoría; a los alcaldes, excelentísimo; a los pertenecientes a la familia real, su majestad...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T20:42:32.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2016-11-11T05:16:03.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was born and raised in the state of Sonora, and as you may know narco culture is more deep-seated in northern states specially across the border or the so-called Triángulo Dorado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to the meaning of the expression: It indeed has evolved into a narco slang, it literally means &quot;frog skin&quot; which is a metaphor for green money, since US dollars have historically been green toned and also been the main currency between the narco and the cartels it definitely has an illegal connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As another user has mentioned, it may be subject to joke around but I would avoid its usage when referring to &quot;clean&quot; money. Other actual slang terms I would recommend would be either: &quot;feria&quot;, &quot;lana&quot; or &quot;varo&quot;, any other like &quot;morlaco&quot;, &quot;billullo&quot; or &quot;pachocha&quot; are long forgotten and in no more use since at least the Golden Era of Mexican cinema (1930-1960).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14216" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T09:17:13.743" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T09:17:13.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18759" CreationDate="2016-11-11T09:41:55.487" Score="5" ViewCount="398" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien va a morirse, suele decirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pobre Juan, &lt;strong&gt;está en las últimas&lt;/strong&gt;: el cáncer se ha extendido tanto que ya no hay nada que hacer. Parece que morirá en breve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La descripción es clara: está en los últimos momentos de su vida. Lo que me parece curioso es que se utilice la palabra en género femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE menciona distintas locuciones con último, ma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b2MGGOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;último, ma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. ultĭmus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a la última&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. A la última moda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a últimos, o a últimos de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. advs. En los últimos días del período de tiempo que se indica o se sobrentiende. Estará aquí a últimos. Ven a últimos de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar alguien a lo último&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. estar al cabo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar alguien a lo último de algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. estar al cabo de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar alguien a los últimos, en las últimas, o en los últimos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. coloqs. estar al cabo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. locs. verbs. coloqs. Estar muy apurado de algo, especialmente de dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la última es la que nos atañe aquí, donde ya se ve que se puede usar de distintas maneras: &lt;em&gt;a los últimos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en las últimas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en los últimos&lt;/em&gt;. Todos son aceptados pero (al menos en España) solamente oigo &lt;em&gt;en las últimas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin ánimo de entrar en polémicas sobre el uso del masculino como genérico de la clase, ¿hay algún motivo para que se use el femenino aquí? ¿Será que hay alguna palabra femenina a continuación del &lt;em&gt;en las últimas&lt;/em&gt; que se cayó por el camino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Desde aquí mi sentido homenaje a Leonard Cohen, que sospechábamos que estaba en las últimas pero nos negábamos a creer que fuera cierto.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T09:49:01.840" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T12:58:11.777" Title="¿Por qué estamos &quot;en las últimas&quot; y no &quot;los últimos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18758" CreationDate="2016-11-11T09:54:56.160" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra que buscas es, curiosamente, &lt;em&gt;palabras&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muriéndose un labrador, dijo &lt;strong&gt;en las últimas palabras&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Gracias a Dios que me ha quitado de esperar abril y mayo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Melchor de Santa Cruz de Dueñas, &quot;Floresta española&quot;, España (1574)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, &lt;em&gt;estar en las últimas&lt;/em&gt; haría alusión a las últimas palabras que pronuncia uno antes de fallecer. Otra opción es que la palabra que siga sea &lt;em&gt;agonías&lt;/em&gt;, como acertadamente propone blonfu en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18758/por-qu%C3%A9-estamos-en-las-%C3%BAltimas-y-no-los-%C3%BAltimos/18759?noredirect=1#comment27718_18759&quot;&gt;los comentarios&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al jesuita Adamo Tannero, uno de los hombres más sabios de su tiempo, y no menos respetable por su virtud que por su doctrina, le sorprendió la última enfermedad, restituyéndose de la Universidad de Praga a su patria Inspruk, en un lugar corto. Quando ya &lt;strong&gt;estaba en las últimas agonías&lt;/strong&gt;, la justicia registró sus ajuares para ponerlos en depósito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, &quot;Theatro crítico universal, o discursos varios en todo género de materias, para desengaño de errores comunes&quot;, España (1728)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una opción menos poética pero no menos cierta. La pluralización de &lt;em&gt;agonía&lt;/em&gt; es similar a la de &lt;em&gt;tinieblas&lt;/em&gt;, como vimos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/16706/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. Los resultados del CORDE a partir del siglo XIX ya no usan ninguna palabra tras la expresión, y se limitan a &quot;estar en las últimas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T12:58:11.777" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2016-11-11T10:36:56.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interestingly enough, it is worth noting that this kind of expressions, believe it or not, appear in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://asale.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ASALE web&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cuero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ǁ &lt;strong&gt;~ de rana.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. sust. &lt;em&gt;Mx.&lt;/em&gt; Dólar. delinc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is an expression used in the delinquency world (&quot;delinc.&quot;), in México (&quot;Mx.&quot;), and means &quot;dollar&quot;. I am not from México so I do not know if it has some other, slightly different connotation, but checking that dictionary you can get the idea of what the expression means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T10:36:56.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18755" CreationDate="2016-11-11T11:26:38.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando suceden estas cosas puede ser por varios motivos, uno de los cuales es que el término se haya fusionado con otro cercano. Puedo dar una hipótesis sobre la acepción de Nicaragua de &quot;falto de algunos dientes&quot;, y es que hay una palabra muy cercana en pronunciación que es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pql7PkM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moroncho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que significa lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;morondo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pqp4Qsh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morondo, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Forma fest. de &lt;em&gt;mondo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Pelado o mondado de cabellos o de hojas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es descabellado pensar que en algunos sitios se haya asemejado el hecho de que a un niño se le caigan los dientes de leche al hecho de que a un árbol se le caigan las hojas para luego volverle a salir, y posteriormente los términos &quot;moroncho&quot; y &quot;morocho&quot; se confundieran y fusionaran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desgraciadamente no he podido encontrar nada para comprobar mi teoría, ni tampoco nada para explicar la acepción de Venezuela, pero dejo la respuesta aquí por si sirve de algo o por si inspiro a alguien a buscar otra explicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T11:26:38.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18762" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T12:02:22.147" Score="1" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de irme al amanecer dibujé en un papel las líneas de su mano, y se las di a&#xA;  leer a la Diva Sahibí para conocer su alma. (Garcia Marquez, Memorias de mis putas tristes)     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Before I left at dawn I drew the lines of her hand on a piece of paper and gave it to Diva Sahibi for a&#xA;  reading so I could know her soul (Grossman). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Diva Sahibi a person's name or a name referring in general to people who read palms, do fortune-telling, etc.? I suspect the latter might be the case as there are no other references the this noun in the book. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T12:39:00.417" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T12:39:00.417" Title="What does Diva Sahibi mean in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18762" CreationDate="2016-11-11T12:27:30.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had to get to the third page in the Google results for &quot;Diva Sahibí&quot;, but I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://ramestr3.blogspot.com.es/2011/10/la-diva-sahibi.html?zx=3a1515aaeef46935&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablando con el Cheo Feliciano, recordé que por mucho tiempo estuve creyendo que la “Diva Sahibí”, una adivina que mi madre describe como una mujer toda pintorreteada, con el cabello recogido en un moño de dama antigua, con dedos largos, y cejas encontradas que tenia su consultorio en la vieja “calle Caldas”, -era la versión barranquillera de Lady Macbeth, el famoso monstruo de “pechos perversos” creado por Shakespeare.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero, el Cheo, me corrigió, me dijo que no, que “la Diva Sahibi” era una mentalista común y corriente, pero que cogiò mucha fama porque en una visita que Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, hizo a Barranquilla, a mediados de enero o febrero de 1948, ella le leyó la palma de la mano y le dijo que Juan Roa Sierra, un joven esquizofrénico que vivía en el barrio Ricaurte de Bogotá, lo mataría al mediodía del 9 de abril de ese año. De modo que el 9 de abril, cuando mataron a Gaitán, y la gente se enloqueció, el ñato Grau -un personaje popular en Barranquilla-, se fue corriendo a la casa de la Diva, tocó la puerta y como esta preguntó: ¿Quién es? El Ñato le dijo: ¡Adivina! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that it was a real person from Barranquilla. Apart from that, &quot;diva&quot; means the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E1iImRZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;divo, va&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;divus&lt;/em&gt; 'divino'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un artista del mundo del espectáculo, y en especial de un cantante de ópera: Que goza de fama superlativa. U. t. c. s. U.&#xA;  t. en sent. peyor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. poét. divino. Apl. a deidades gentílicas, a los emperadores romanos a quienes se concedían honores divinos después de su muerte,&#xA;  y, por ext., a otros personajes ilustres. &lt;em&gt;Divo Augusto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. poét. dios (‖ deidad de cualquier religión).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T12:27:30.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18764" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T15:55:34.087" Score="1" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have translated bird into Spanish. There are two translations there: &quot;ave&quot; &quot;pájaro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am studying the difference between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ave = &quot;Animal vertebrado, ovíparo, de respiración pulmonar y sangre de temperatura constante, pico córneo, cuerpo cubierto de plumas, con dos patas y dos alas aptas por lo común para el vuelo, y que, en estado embrionario, tiene amnios y alantoides.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pájaro = &quot;m. y f. Ave, especialmente si es pequeña.&quot; or &quot;Persona astuta y con muy pocos escrúpulos.&quot; or &quot;perdigón (‖ perdiz macho para reclamo).&quot; or &quot;m. coloq. pene.&quot; - RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hypothesis number one: &quot;Pajaro is a small bird like hummingbirds or robins Ave is any bird in general but you use it more with big ones like eagles or owls&quot; - Spanish guy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T15:55:34.087" Title="bird in Spanish: ave, pájaro" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-11T18:22:27.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T17:44:11.747" Score="2" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have been trying to translate the sentence &quot;the Government lacks money&quot;. My understanding is that the correct answer is to say &lt;em&gt;&quot;al Gobierno le falta dinero&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it &lt;em&gt;al Gobierno&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;el Gobierno&lt;/em&gt;? Is the Government being treated as a person, and if so then why is it not simply &lt;em&gt;a Gobierno&lt;/em&gt;?  Is there ever a way (that is, does it give it a different meaning) I could say &lt;em&gt;el Gobierno&lt;/em&gt;? Is this specific to &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related — I understood from a Venezuelan friend that I could say &lt;em&gt;&quot;el Gobierno necesita dinero&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  Similarly I could say &lt;em&gt;&quot;al perro le falta comida&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but for a person it is &lt;em&gt;&quot;a Sara le falta comida&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any clarity on how and why this rule works would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14219" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T18:21:16.973" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T19:25:23.317" Title="Al vs. El - Uses and differences" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14867" CreationDate="2016-11-11T18:24:17.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela también usamos la expresión &quot;dar papaya&quot; y significa &quot;dar oportunidad&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te robaron el carro porque diste mucha papaya&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, la persona se expuso y dio facilidad al ladrón para robar el carro, probablemente lo dejó abierto en un lugar peligroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14220" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T19:45:21.550" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T19:45:21.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T18:53:10.180" Score="5" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unas semanas me encontré con un texto antiguo donde &lt;code&gt;ã õ ũ ẽ&lt;/code&gt; sustituían a las silabas  &lt;code&gt;an on un en&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;&quot;ẽtõces&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;&quot;entonces&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pude encontrar otra vez ese texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si esas representaciones reflejaban la fonética de la palabra. Es decir si esas vocales eran nasales, o si solo se trataba de una forma de economizar la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso me recuerda a la teoría del origen de la &lt;code&gt;ñ&lt;/code&gt;, donde supuestamente es la abreviatura de &lt;code&gt;nn&lt;/code&gt;, y la virgulilla representaría una n pequeña sobre otra n. Ello en palabras como &lt;code&gt;anno&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;año&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hispannia&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;españa&lt;/code&gt;. Cuya explicacion aplicaria &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ã → an&#xA;õ → on&#xA;ũ → un&#xA;ẽ → en&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí les dejo el &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?N.-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt; del origen de la Ñ para que lo lean si lo desean. Donde por cierto también mencionan las vocales con &lt;code&gt;~&lt;/code&gt; sobre ellas. Pero no dice si era solo cuestión escrita o también fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T10:06:58.513" LastActivityDate="2019-05-04T14:02:46.123" Title="Letras &quot;ã õ ũ ẽ&quot; en español antiguo" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18765" CreationDate="2016-11-11T19:40:06.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;, I see that the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=faltar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;faltar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is an intransitive verb. So, in the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al gobierno le falta dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dinero&quot; is the subject, and &quot;al gobierno&quot; is the indirect object. That's why in all these sentences the object always has the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la paella le falta sal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Al juguete le faltan pilas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A este piso le faltan habitaciones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A la mesa le falta estabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that the verb agrees with the subject. It's tricky because this is a case in which the order of the sentence is inverted: the indirect object goes first, and the subject goes last. It's a similar case as the construction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A María le gusta Pedro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T19:40:06.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18767" CreationDate="2016-11-11T22:55:12.127" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente la &lt;code&gt;~&lt;/code&gt; se utilizaba para marcar abreviaturas en el texto, particularmente las &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;. Recuerda que el papel y el pergamino eran bastante caros, así que las abreviaturas ahorraban dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras abreviatura similares son la &lt;code&gt;q̃&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, la &lt;code&gt;ö&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;oe&lt;/code&gt; en alemán, o la &lt;code&gt;ø&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;oe&lt;/code&gt; en sueco...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho en castellano la &lt;code&gt;ñ&lt;/code&gt; en ocasiones se escribía como &lt;code&gt;nn&lt;/code&gt; (otras veces &lt;code&gt;ny&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;nh&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;gn&lt;/code&gt;) que evolucionó de forma natural a &lt;code&gt;ñ&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En portugués, sin embargo la &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; a final de sílaba tendió a perderse y a nasalizar la vocal previa, y la &lt;code&gt;~&lt;/code&gt; se convirtió en una marca diacrítica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero estoy divagando... Respondiendo a tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si esas representaciones reflejaban la fonética de la palabra. Es decir si esas vocales eran nasales, o si solo se trataba de una forma de economizar la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No indica fonética, son solo abreviaturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3063" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-04T14:02:46.123" LastActivityDate="2019-05-04T14:02:46.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T23:19:06.727" Score="1" ViewCount="1352" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dificultad clasificando la oración: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hoy &lt;strong&gt;he estado cocinando&lt;/strong&gt; todo el día.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, al consultar la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; (vease el inciso &lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;verbo auxiliar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) la presencia del verbo &lt;strong&gt;he&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;estado&lt;/strong&gt; indica que forma &quot;los tiempos compuestos de conjugación&quot;. Por ello diría que está oración es &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito Perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; (vease el inciso &lt;strong&gt;7&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar + gerundio&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) indica que &lt;strong&gt;estado cocinando&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;Forma una perífrasis durativa, que presenta la acción en el curso de su desarrollo&quot;.  Esto me hace pensar que la oración no es pretérito perfecto sino consiste de una &lt;strong&gt;perífrasis durativa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entonces como clasifico esta oración?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Simplemente como &lt;strong&gt;Pretérito Perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; o como una &lt;strong&gt;Perífrasis Durativa&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Puedo usar &lt;em&gt;ambas clasificaciones a la vez&lt;/em&gt; afirmando que su tiempo es Pretérito Perfecto pero incluye una Perífrasis Durativa? &#xA; ¿Debo darle alguna otra clasificación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agradezco cualquier ayuda para aclarar mi confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-12T14:41:48.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T14:41:48.643" Title="¿Es &quot;he estado cocinando&quot; un tiempo compuesto, una perífrasis o ambas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-12T07:02:49.253" Score="2" ViewCount="2037" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VDVMHBM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es, según el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona tacaña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo adquirió ese significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:01:47.227" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T23:01:47.227" Title="¿Por qué &quot;rata&quot; es una &quot;persona tacaña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18770" CreationDate="2016-11-12T09:26:58.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; a secas. Lo de «&lt;strong&gt;durativa&lt;/strong&gt;» respecto a la perífrasis especifica el &lt;em&gt;aspecto&lt;/em&gt; (una categoría distinta al tiempo, como lo es el modo, el número, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T09:26:58.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18773" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-12T10:24:28.017" Score="4" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la lengua define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=blw7uSa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vida capulina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Méx. &lt;strong&gt;buena vida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7MrwTuc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. f. Méx. &lt;strong&gt;Araña negra muy venenosa.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llegó a que la combinación de &quot;vida&quot; con &quot;araña venenosa&quot; significara &quot;buena vida&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T14:51:00.153" Title="¿Por qué &quot;vida capulina&quot; es &quot;buena vida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18771" CreationDate="2016-11-12T15:17:34.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda ha de tener que ver con su naturaleza roedora... las ratas se meten en las despensas y roban toda la comida que pueden, roen y rompen cosas. Además la rata ha sido considerada un animal perjudicial, transmisor de enfermedades y demás. (Me parece un juicio injusto contra un animal que solamente intenta sobrevivir, como cualquier otro.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos sitios no sólo es sinónimo de tacaño, sino en general de todo tipo de persona despreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14202" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-12T23:04:41.593" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T23:04:41.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18771" CreationDate="2016-11-12T22:30:08.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que este es uno de esos casos en los que la expresión no tiene nada que ver con el animal. Hay varios caminos posibles por los que se pueda haber llegado a esa acepción, vamos a analizarlas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Rata como &quot;bolsillo&quot;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la definición actual de &quot;rata&quot; se puede ver que significa &quot;bolsillo del vestido&quot;. Esta es una acepción antigua, ya existente desde el primer diccionario de la RAE de 1737 (tomo O-R), y usada únicamente en la zona de la germanía (aunque algunos autores del siglo XVIII dicen que también se usaba en la jerga gitana). En el diccionario de 1780 se define &quot;rata&quot; como &quot;faltriquera&quot;. Y &quot;ratero&quot; de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RATERO. El ladrón que hurta cosas de poco valor, ó de las faltriqueras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posteriormente, en 1899 se incorporó a &quot;rata&quot; la acepción de lo mismo que &quot;ratero&quot;. Teniendo en cuenta que un &quot;rata&quot; es aquel que prefiere que el dinero esté en su propio bolsillo (&quot;rata&quot;) antes que en bolsillo ajeno, tampoco es descabellado que se le haya dado ese nombre a los avaros y tacaños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Rata como &quot;parte proporcional&quot;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en 1611, Covarrubias definía &quot;rata&quot; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] lo que a cada uno le pueda caber de la cota principal repartida entre muchos [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y hoy en día se define como &quot;parte proporcional&quot;. Esta acepción proviene directamente del latín, al contrario que la del animal, que es de origen incierto (algunos dicen que viene del germánico o del alto alemán). Luego tenemos la definición de &quot;ratear&quot; de 1737:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disminuir ò rebaxar à proporción y prorata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es exactamente igual a la de hoy en día. Y añade el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si por algun accidente iba tarde à trabajar, lo &lt;em&gt;rateaba&lt;/em&gt; de su jornál, aunque no fuesse mas de media hora, y se le volvia a su dueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este ejemplo es totalmente lo que hoy se consideraría a un &quot;rata&quot;: a alguien que ratea, que te escatima con el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente apuesto más por esta segunda versión, aunque el hecho de que &quot;rata&quot; se usara como &quot;ratero&quot; posiblemente también haya ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-12T23:31:23.613" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T23:31:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18773" CreationDate="2016-11-12T22:49:35.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son cosas distintas: por un lado está la expresión &lt;em&gt;vida capulina&lt;/em&gt; y por el otro la &lt;em&gt;araña capulina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos primero que el diccionario de americanismos define &lt;em&gt;capulín&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=ykKHLlv8px0AIUeuhjS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Del nahua &lt;em&gt;capulín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;cerezo&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. Mx, Ho, ES, Ni. Árbol de copa ancha, corteza marrón rojizo o grisácea, flores blancas pequeñas y fruto pequeño. (Rosaceae; Prunus capuli). ◆ xegua.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Mx, Ho, ES, Ni. Fruto del capulín, comestible, de color rojo intenso y similar a una guinda pequeña. (Rosaceae; Prunus capuli).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  Gu, Ho, ES, Ni. ixpepe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4.  Gu, Ho, ES, Ni. majagüillo, árbol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5.  CR, Pa. Árbol de hasta 20 m de altura, de hojas simples y alternas, flores rosadas y fruto capsular de color marrón o negro cuando están maduros. (Tiliaceae; Trichospermum galeottii). ◆ majaguillo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, la &lt;em&gt;vida capulina&lt;/em&gt; parece que se refiere a aquella en la que uno está subido a un cerezo, en su &lt;em&gt;dolce farniente&lt;/em&gt; particular. Por otro lado, la araña probablemente reciba este nombre porque su color y forma se parece a la forma del fruto de ese cerezo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario del uayeísmo en la cultura de Yucatán&lt;/em&gt;, de Jesús Amaro Gamboa, 1999, leo las siguientes definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capón, na&lt;/strong&gt; s. y adj. Animal castrado; por antonomasia el gallo. (...) El adjetivo capona aplicase [sic] a la vida regalada que también se apellina Capulina. ¡Qué vida más &lt;em&gt;capona&lt;/em&gt; la de Francisco! ¡está dedicado a la vida capulina! (V. Chirmole, repollo, repollado, repochón, capulín, capulina). Vida capone es equivalente al italiano &quot;dolce farniente&quot;. Huevonería (Dolche farniente, indolencia, grata holganza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capulín, na, namente&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  Souza habla de un capulín de Yucatán, clasificado como &lt;em&gt;Muntinga calabura&lt;/em&gt;, L. Filiáceas, y de un capulincillo &lt;em&gt;Conostegia xalapensis&lt;/em&gt;, L., de la familia de las melastonáceas; pero no del capulín veradero, de la familia de las rosáceas, &lt;em&gt;Prunus capuli&lt;/em&gt;, Cav. que sí hemos conocido como planta que, aunque rara, vive en Yucatán. Por lo demás el interés de esta palabra no estriba en su significación botánica sino en su connotación psicológica: capulina, como adjetivo, califica a la vida regalada y fácil: &quot;Fulano lleva una vida &lt;em&gt;capulina&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, es decir, que vive sabrosamente o, más bien, en la abundancia; una vida regalada, &quot;se da una vida &lt;em&gt;capulina&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; &quot;viva &lt;em&gt;capulinamente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leo después en &lt;em&gt;De los descubrimientos a las taxonomías: La botánica y la zoología en la lengua española del Renacimiento a la Ilustración&lt;/em&gt;, de Matteo De Beni, 2015, otras informaciones que parecen confirmar estas hipótesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.5. Capulín (elocapolin, 47v), Ardisia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La primera documentación en el CORDE es de 1560 (Franciso Cervantes de Salazar, &lt;em&gt;Crónica de la Nueva España&lt;/em&gt;, p. II, 59): &quot;En este camino, yendo muy cansado un español, se subió sobre un &lt;em&gt;capulí&lt;/em&gt;, que los españoles llaman 'cerezo'&quot;. Por la definición en el DRAE se puede deducir que reciben este nombre planas que pertenecen a diferentes familias, tanto árboles como arbustos, y se emplen como sinónimos la forma más cercana del étimo (&lt;em&gt;capulí&lt;/em&gt;) y el masculino y femenino hispanizados con un sufijo pseudo-diminutivo (&lt;em&gt;capulín&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;capulina&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulí&lt;/strong&gt;. (Del náhuatl &lt;em&gt;capollí&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Árbol de América, de la familia de las Rosáceas, que alcanza unos quince metros de altura, especie de cerezo, que da un fruto de gusto y olor agradables.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Fruto de este árbol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulín&lt;/strong&gt;. (De or. náhuatl).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. &lt;strong&gt;capulí&lt;/strong&gt; (| árbol rosáceo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. coloq. El Salv. favor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Méx. &lt;strong&gt;capulina&lt;/strong&gt; (| cereza que produce el capulí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulina&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Am. Cereza que produce el capulí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Cuba. &lt;strong&gt;capulí&lt;/strong&gt; (| árbol tiliáceo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Méx. Araña negra muy venenosa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f.p. us. &lt;strong&gt;prostituta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando un poco del hilo de la araña (je, je) veo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bcsnoticias.mx/las-dos-aranas-mas-letales-de-mexico-viven-en-los-hogares-de-la-paz/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la araña capulina es la Latrodectus mactans, conocida también como viuda negra&lt;/a&gt;. Véamosla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aEEnS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aEEnS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora fijémonos en el fruto del capulín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a25rF.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a25rF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto de lejos, ¡se parecen! De ahí seguramente el uso de &lt;em&gt;araña capulina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-12T23:02:07.453" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T23:02:07.453" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18777" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T10:17:00.097" Score="6" ViewCount="11730" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estirar la pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ llegar al término de la vida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué ese significado de &quot;estirar la pata&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:02:00.360" LastActivityDate="2020-07-02T13:20:24.920" Title="¿Por qué &quot;estirar la pata&quot; es &quot;morir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18778" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T11:04:22.553" Score="5" ViewCount="3777" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Pie y pierna de los animales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Pie de un mueble.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. En las prendas de vestir, cartera, golpe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. coloq. Pierna de una persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. y f. coloq. Bol., Cuba y Perú. amigo (‖ persona que tiene amistad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pata de banco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. coloq. Absurdo, despropósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4wkKYpU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;banco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Asiento, con respaldo o sin él, en que pueden sentarse dos o más personas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Madero grueso escuadrado que se coloca horizontalmente sobre cuatro pies y sirve de mesa para labores de carpinteros y otros artesanos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No solo no hay nada en la definición de banco que indique que no tengan &quot;patas&quot;, sino que una búsqueda en internet encuentra imágenes de bancos con patas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSImjEUQb4cclwcf3HhqKXMWX4lNTbGq5sJNlXl-LVNdG-4eAcIRw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ejemplo 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://static.westwing.es/i/ES-AN030WW37BLUES-1-catalog.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ejemplo 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) y varios fabricantes de patas de banco como &lt;a href=&quot;http://tiendadeforja.com/46-decoracion-patas-para-banco-fundicion-hierro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://domingotorres.com/seccion/p/mobiliario-urbano/patas-de-banco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://bricolaje.facilisimo.com/reportajes/carpinteria/construye-un-banco-de-madera_183136.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se dan instrucciones detalladas para construir un banco de madera con patas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No parece, por tanto, que sea absurdo que los bancos tengan patas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué es &quot;pata de banco&quot; un &quot;absurdo, despropósito&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:01:52.727" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T15:16:32.843" Title="¿Por qué &quot;pata de banco&quot; es &quot;un absurdo&quot;, &quot;un despropósito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T12:12:22.503" Score="3" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las distintas acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pt3ozF8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mosca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. f. Insecto díptero muy común, de unos seis milímetros de largo, de cuerpo negro, cabeza elíptica, más ancha que larga, ojos salientes, alas transparentes cruzadas de nervios, patas largas con uñas y ventosas, y boca en forma de trompa, con la cual chupa las sustancias de que se alimenta.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2. f. Pelo que nace al hombre entre el labio inferior y el comienzo de la barba, y que algunos dejan crecer aun no llevando perilla.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;3. f. Pequeña mancha negra o muy oscura.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;4. f. &lt;strong&gt;Bienes de cualquier especie.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;5. f. mosca artificial.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;6. f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Moneda corriente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;7. f. coloq. Persona molesta, impertinente y pesada.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;8. f. coloq. Desazón picante que inquieta y molesta. &lt;em&gt;Andrés está con mosca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;9. f. Zool. Cada uno de los insectos dípteros del suborden de los braquíceros.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;10. f. pl. coloq. Chispas que saltan de la lumbre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se entienden bien por similitud en forma o comportamiento, literal o figuradamente, al del insecto de la primera acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la acepción 2, véase por ejemplo el apartado 3 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://abuelasabia.net/11-tipos-de-vello-facial-que-ningun-hombre-deberia-llevar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://abuelasabia.net/11-tipos-de-vello-facial-que-ningun-hombre-deberia-llevar/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la acepción 4 &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Bienes de cualquier especie&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y 6 &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Moneda corriente&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, no parecen guardar ninguna relación con ninguna de las restantes. ¿Cómo se adquirieron esos significados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:59:13.560" Title="¿Por qué &quot;mosca&quot; es &quot;bienes de cualquier especie&quot; y &quot;moneda corriente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18779" CreationDate="2016-11-13T14:49:48.627" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el lenguaje del hampa, &lt;strong&gt;coger la mosca&lt;/strong&gt; significaba &quot;robar&quot;, haciendo alusión al movimiento que se hace para atrapar una mosca en vuelo. Y siguiendo el juego de palabras, la frase &lt;strong&gt;aflojar la mosca&lt;/strong&gt; significaba &quot;pagar&quot;, o sea, soltar las monedas que se habían robado. (Este uso es muy antiguo, ya aparece en &lt;em&gt;El Buscón&lt;/em&gt; de Francisco Quevedo a principios del siglo XVII).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que de la germanía pasó al lenguaje corriente, perdiéndose gradualmente la imagen de la mosca en vuelo y el sentido de &quot;botín&quot;. Con sentido del humor, las moscas pasaron a ser &lt;em&gt;dinero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;monedas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;bienes&lt;/em&gt; no necesariamente robados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-13T14:49:48.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18787" CreationDate="2016-11-13T17:37:00.427" Score="8" ViewCount="50310" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se le llama a la parte trasera de una camioneta tipo pickup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GLO2b.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GLO2b.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Guatemala se le llama palangana, en alusión a este tipo de recipiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pe8LZ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pe8LZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Palangana&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1067" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2018-12-30T16:00:11.427" LastActivityDate="2018-12-30T16:00:11.427" Title="¿Cómo se llama en español a la parte trasera de una camioneta tipo pickup?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18781" CreationDate="2016-11-13T18:38:34.037" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes decirle &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dxYOPn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Espacio destinado a la carga en un vehículo de transporte de mercancías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque esta palabra no se refiera específicamente a la parte abierta de las camionetas, sino también a la de los camiones o al compartimiento cerrado de las furgonetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como metáfora, creo que tu &lt;em&gt;palangana&lt;/em&gt; funciona perfectamente. Otras similares son &lt;strong&gt;plato&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;batea&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;cama&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-13T18:38:34.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18779" CreationDate="2016-11-13T18:46:44.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Rodrigo es correcta, sin embargo quisiera añadir un par de detalles sobre el uso común de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde yo vivo, en Barcelona, jamás he oído a nadie usar la palabra &quot;mosca&quot; refiriéndose a nada que no sea la 1ª acepción, es decir, refiriéndose al insecto. El único otro uso del que puedo pensar (y que se deriva del insecto también) es decir que alguien &lt;em&gt;está mosqueado&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual indica que está enfadado. Algunos ejemplos de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El profesor de matemáticas está muy mosqueado con su clase.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El jefe anda mosqueado contigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14230" LastActivityDate="2016-11-13T18:46:44.857" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18781" CreationDate="2016-11-13T21:37:40.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es llamada maletero a la parte trasera de cualquier coche destinada a la carga. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10778" LastActivityDate="2016-11-13T21:37:40.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18778" CreationDate="2016-11-13T22:32:41.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la forma actual de la expresión es &quot;tener salidas de pata de banco&quot;, se ve que originalmente era de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Razón de pié de banco.&lt;/strong&gt; Phrase vulgar con que se expressa, que se lo que se dice o se responde es de ningun fundamento, ni substancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición la podemos encontrar en el diccionario de autoridades (tomo A-B de 1726) de la RAE. En 1770 se cambió a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Locucion familiar con que se expresa que la razon que se da no satisface ni convence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que pone es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y si los pedís razón, cumplen con un pie de banco y con que les costó su dinero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Francisco López de Úbeda, &quot;La pícara Justina&quot;, España (1605)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la época de este último ejemplo, en 1611 Covarrubias recogía la expresión &quot;razón de pie de banco&quot; significando sencillamente &quot;la necedad&quot;. No puede ser más conciso. Sin embargo (y desgraciadamente), ningún diccionario consultado explica el origen de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T11:04:17.267" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T11:04:17.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18781" CreationDate="2016-11-13T23:17:56.263" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo de coches entiendo poco, pero según la Wikipedia en la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickup&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pickup&lt;/a&gt; pone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] tiene en su parte trasera una zona de carga descubierta (denominada &lt;strong&gt;caja, batea, carrocería, platón, cama o palangana&lt;/strong&gt;), en la cual se pueden colocar objetos grandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no dice es cuál de las expresiones correspondería con un español neutro. Según el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Caja&quot; no tiene restricciones regionales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Batea&quot; tampoco, pero no tiene una acepción que encaje, salvo tal vez la de vagoneta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Carrocería&quot; tampoco, y técnicamente esa parte del vehículo es parte de la carrocería.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Platón&quot; se usa en América Central, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Perú, República Dominicana y Venezuela.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Cama&quot; se usa en Cuba según el diccionario de americanismos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Palangana&quot; se usa en Guatemala y Nicaragua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T11:28:26.087" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T11:28:26.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18777" CreationDate="2016-11-14T10:38:18.583" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicienciapopular.blogspot.com.es/2008/11/estirar-la-pata.html&quot;&gt;Definiciencia Popular - estirar la pata&lt;/a&gt;, el origen de &lt;em&gt;estirar la pata&lt;/em&gt; radica en la forma en que mueren los pajaritos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de estirar la pata, según la fidedignísima aseveración de nuestro gran amigo, el frondosamente experimentado y nunca bien ponderado José “El Antiguo”, radica en la forma en que mueren los pajaritos. (...) los canarios y otros tipos de aves de diminuto porte, domésticas o silvestres (las cuales en mi país llamamos, con inspirada originalidad, pajaritos), al morir adoptan una rigidez característica: con las patas estiradas hacia delante, las cuales, al yacer sobre el dorso los cuerpos a los que aun pertenecen, quedan apuntando hacia el cenit en lugar de apuntar hacia abajo, como cuando se hallan parados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14234" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T10:51:00.867" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T10:51:00.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-14T14:52:27.753" Score="3" ViewCount="511" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo algunas definiciones para contestar alguna pregunta de por aquí, di con una locución que desconocía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RUl938s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palabra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. parabŏla 'comparación', en lat. tardío 'proverbio', 'parábola', y este del gr. παραβολή parabolḗ.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;ser la última palabra del credo&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Ser lo menos importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no me equivoco, la última palabra del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BDesEpw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;credo&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;em&gt;amén&lt;/em&gt;. Mi formación religiosa es poco extensa, pero me sorprende que tal palabra se considere como una palabra cualquiera y no creo que sea un elemento menor dentro de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para añadir intensidad a mi asombro, hay dos otras locuciones de &lt;em&gt;palabra&lt;/em&gt; que mencionan &lt;em&gt;último&lt;/em&gt;. En ambos casos, para dar pie a un concepto que sobresale como definitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;última palabra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Decisión que se da como definitiva e inalterable. &lt;em&gt;He dicho mi última palabra. ¿Es esta su última palabra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decir alguien la última palabra en un asunto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Resolverlo o esclarecerlo de manera definitiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cómo se llegó al uso de esta expresión? ¿Tiene un uso común? Pues yo nunca la he oído en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T13:17:12.537" Title="¿Por qué &quot;ser la última palabra del credo&quot; es &quot;ser lo menos importante&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18755" CreationDate="2016-11-14T16:02:32.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues resulta que la acepción &quot;mellizo&quot; es mucho más cercana al origen etimológico de &lt;em&gt;morocho&lt;/em&gt; que la acepción más conocida &lt;em&gt;de piel oscura&lt;/em&gt; (que proviene de una asimilación fonética con &lt;em&gt;moreno&lt;/em&gt;). En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=rJK9DAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA15&amp;amp;dq=morocho%20gemelo&amp;amp;pg=PA15#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=morocho%20gemelo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta publicación&lt;/a&gt; acerca de los gemelos se dan las pistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El quechua es la principal lengua andina. En quechua la palabra &lt;strong&gt;muruch'u&lt;/strong&gt; significa &quot;duro&quot;. De ahí que el DRAE indique que &lt;em&gt;morocho&lt;/em&gt; viene de una &quot;variedad de maíz muy duro&quot; (&lt;em&gt;muruch'u sara&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;em&gt;Muruchhu&lt;/em&gt; es una cosa dura de comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al hablarse de personas, &lt;em&gt;muruch'u runa&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;hombre fuerte&quot; (en la acepción 5 del DRAE). Y este significado &quot;fuerte, robusto&quot; también lo usan en los países andinos en frases como &lt;em&gt;hambre morocha&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sueño morocho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, a veces tenemos la suerte de encontrar huevos grandes con 2 yemas. A esos se les dice &lt;em&gt;huevos morochos&lt;/em&gt;. Lo mismo los &lt;em&gt;plátanos morochos&lt;/em&gt;. No porque sean oscuros o duros, sino por grandes y saludables. Y la palabra pasó a designar frutas, objetos y personas &lt;em&gt;dobles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T16:02:32.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18789" CreationDate="2016-11-14T16:30:23.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El credo constituye una base central de la fe cristiana y es muy importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La última palabra del credo es &quot;amén&quot; y quizás sea la menos importante de todo el texto del credo, por lo que, literalmente, &quot;la última palabra del credo&quot; es &quot;la menos importante&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorDisplayName="user14206" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T08:57:15.537" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T08:57:15.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18773" CreationDate="2016-11-14T16:32:14.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en El Salvador hay algo parecido con esa expresión, pero hace referencia a cuando haces un favor: &quot;haceme un capulinaso&quot; es como &quot;hey, haceme un favor&quot;; obviamente, en su sentido coloquial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13334" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-11-14T18:05:43.020" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T18:05:43.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1417" CreationDate="2016-11-14T20:32:57.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE in its entry to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DQBHjWr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;después&lt;/a&gt;, you can only use &quot;después que&quot; when referring to &quot;desde&quot;. Otherwise, it's always &quot;después de que&quot;. If not it's what we call a &quot;queísmo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14237" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T07:41:47.043" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T07:41:47.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18789" CreationDate="2016-11-14T22:46:02.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión puede referirse a la última palabra de un texto largo como es el credo. La mayoría de la gente conoce los primeros versos de la oración, pero mucha menos se la sabe entera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14127" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T22:15:28.247" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T22:15:28.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1745" CreationDate="2016-11-14T22:50:05.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition, in order to properly use &quot;un poco de&quot; the noun should be uncountable. E.g. &quot;un poco de agua&quot; (a little bit of water), &quot;un poco de leche&quot; (a little bit of milk), but never &quot;un poco de alubias&quot; (&quot;a little bit of beans&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14240" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T22:50:05.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18797" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18848" CreationDate="2016-11-14T23:46:30.227" Score="1" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does transitive &lt;em&gt;aventajar&lt;/em&gt; mean?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer seems to be very different based on the dictionary I use. (I could, though, just be interpretting RAE wrong.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4YF4pXE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Adelantar, poner en mejor estado, conceder alguna ventaja o preeminencia. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Anteponer, preferir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Mejorar o poner en mejor estado a alguien. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Llevar o sacar ventaja, superar o exceder a alguien en algo. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/aventajar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(rebasar) &#xA;  a. to overtake &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(estar por delante de) &#xA;  a. to be ahead of &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apple&lt;/strong&gt; (not sure of the underlying source)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;to be ahead of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;to overtake, get ahead of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could well be wrong, but I believe the RAE's transitive defintions mean to &lt;em&gt;cede&lt;/em&gt; position to the object. SpanishDict and Apple, though, suggest that it means to &lt;em&gt;overtake&lt;/em&gt; the object. These two senses seem to be opposite. Now, I don't really have a problem with words also meaning their opposites, &lt;em&gt;if a dictionary provides both senses&lt;/em&gt;. Here, however, RAE provides one and SpanishDict and Apple provide another. (RAE's intransitive definition is closer to SD and Apple's transitive definition: to take advantage or surpass.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T07:59:05.617" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:48:23.610" Title="What does &quot;aventajar&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18801" CreationDate="2016-11-15T05:40:12.910" Score="0" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to understand the use of the arroba. Is this mark used more commonly in some countries than others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw a threatening letter in which the final thing written was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@advertencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14243" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T10:46:47.897" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T10:46:47.897" Title="What is the use of the arroba in &quot;@advertencia&quot; after a threatening letter?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18789" CreationDate="2016-11-15T08:25:10.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra respuesta especulativa, pero demasiado larga para ponerla como simple comentario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente necesitaríamos conocer más sobre la liturgia de hace algunos siglos para entender esta frase hecha, que parece más usada en el pasado. Sin embargo, si en esto es parecida a la actual, según la liturgia de la misa, al final del Credo no se debe decir &lt;em&gt;Amén&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, muchos fieles, por ignorancia o por costumbre, lo hacen. Por tanto, es habitual oír la oración entera recitada por todos y, al final, un &lt;em&gt;Amén&lt;/em&gt; bastante más debil dicho solo por unas pocas personas. Esto reforzaría la idea de que la última palabra del Credo (&lt;em&gt;Amén&lt;/em&gt;) es tan poco importante que ni se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T08:25:10.550" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18802" CreationDate="2016-11-15T09:27:00.003" Score="2" ViewCount="1821" Body="&lt;p&gt;A más de uno le habrá pasado alguna vez que ha tenido que intercalar una URL particularmente larga en un texto, ya sea en línea con el resto del mismo o en un párrafo separado específico para la dirección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de dichas URL largas que necesiten más de una línea para ser escritas, ¿cómo se puede partir la URL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17145/&#xA;podr%C3%ADa-un-hispanohablante-actual-entenderse-bien-con-uno-del-pasado&#xA;&#xA;http://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17145/podr%C3%ADa-un-&#xA;hispanohablante-actual-entenderse-bien-con-uno-del-pasado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que algunas alternativas podrían ser el usar las barras o los guiones ya presentes en la dirección, pero ¿y si no los hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://short.url/podr%C3%ADaunhispanohablanteactualentenderse-&#xA;bienconunodelpasado&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que la dirección no incluye el guión que actúa como separador en la URL, ¿sería válido? ¿Se entendería o se tendría escribir de otra forma? ¿Opina la RAE algo al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T13:48:27.960" Title="¿Cómo se pueden partir las direcciones URL entre líneas de un texto?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18798" CreationDate="2016-11-15T10:45:27.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nowadays it is quite typical to use some kind of rare-but-familiar character to emphasize *what goes next (see?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arroba&lt;/em&gt; has become quite successful among Spanish speaking people to mark both genders. Hopefully we will get rid of these soon, but it is still quite typical to see &lt;em&gt;bienvenid@s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amig@s&lt;/em&gt; and similar instead of the traditional &lt;em&gt;bienvenidos/as&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amigos/as&lt;/em&gt;. As always, new fancy characters get adopted fast because people like to use them and tweak their common usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I do believe that it was used just as a character to express attention, while it could also be a bad interpretation of the &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt; in comments, Twitter, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, this is not normative and you just have to see them as a way to catch your attention... in another way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare these two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rogamos no dejen la basura en el rellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rogamos no dejen la basura en el rellano. @advertencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, the second one sounds more furious and I would take it more seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T10:45:27.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18800" CreationDate="2016-11-15T13:48:27.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que la RAE sí que tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fGagUkJpJzxmEdkr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algo que decir al respecto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el caso de que sea necesario dividir una dirección electrónica, deberá hacerse coincidir la partición con una barra separadora, dejando esta en la primera línea y sin insertar ningún guion, ya que este elemento podría considerarse parte integrante de la dirección:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;i&gt;Encontrará más información en http://www.museodelprado.es/  &#xA;  educacion/educacion-propone/&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Extraído de la &quot;Ortografía 2010&quot;, epígrafe 4.1.1.1.3, página 410.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T13:48:27.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18817" CreationDate="2016-11-15T13:52:01.290" Score="2" ViewCount="2087" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice el diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SSTAZ5sDyD6h59vijX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Signo ortográfico doble del cual se usan diferentes tipos en español: las comillas angulares, también llamadas latinas o españolas (« »), las inglesas (“ ”) y las simples (‘ ’). Las comillas inglesas y las simples se escriben en la parte alta del renglón, mientras que las angulares se escriben centradas. En los textos impresos, se recomienda utilizar en primera instancia las comillas angulares, reservando los otros tipos para cuando deban entrecomillarse partes de un texto ya entrecomillado. En este caso, las comillas simples se emplearán en último lugar: &lt;em&gt;«Antonio me dijo: “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”»&lt;/em&gt;. Las comillas se escriben pegadas a la primera y la última palabra del período que enmarcan, y separadas por un espacio de las palabras o signos que las preceden o las siguen; pero si lo que sigue a las comillas de cierre es un signo de puntuación, no se deja espacio entre ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como queda algo denso, recapitulo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos tres tipos diferentes de comillas, cuyo uso prioritario es como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas angulares, también llamadas latinas o españolas (« »)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas inglesas (“ ”)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas simples (‘ ’)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que un texto impreso se escribiría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Antonio me dijo: “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mi duda es: si escribimos este texto a mano no tenemos manera de escribir las comillas angulares, latinas o españolas, ¿estoy en lo cierto? Suponiendo que no existe, seguramente escribiríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Antonio me dijo: 'Vaya &lt;strong&gt;‘cacharro’&lt;/strong&gt; que se ha comprado Julián'&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;code&gt;'cacharro'&lt;/code&gt; estaría utilizando un tercer nivel de entrecomillado del que no disponemos. Por tanto, ¿cuál sería el criterio en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-03T07:29:19.527" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T07:29:19.527" Title="¿Se pueden usar comillas angulares en un texto manuscrito? ¿Qué comillas se usan en texto manuscrito para un tercer nivel de entrecomillado?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;escritura-manuscrita&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18742" CreationDate="2016-11-15T19:01:48.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the country. In Mexico windshield stickers are known as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;calcomanías&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. There is even a rfid-like payment system in called &lt;strong&gt;IAVE&lt;/strong&gt;, they put a sticker in your windshield and it gets detected automatically when you cross in the proper checkpoint; oddly enough the government is calling it &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tag&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12581" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T19:01:48.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18806" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-15T20:46:41.297" Score="6" ViewCount="297" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QxGRTE0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojalá&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del ár. hisp. &lt;em&gt;law šá lláh&lt;/em&gt; 'si Dios quiere'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;interj.&lt;/code&gt; Denota vivo deseo de que suceda algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojalá&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Arabic &lt;em&gt;if God wants it&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;God-willing&lt;/em&gt; but is now defined without reference to a divine figure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it now entirely secular or does it still carry a divine connotation?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;When someone reads or hears the word do they still read or hear a religious aspect? Would a non-religious person use the word seriously?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some English corollaries:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Godwilling&lt;/em&gt; - the NOAD definition does not mention God (&amp;quot;used to express the wish that one will be able to do as one intends or that something will happen as planned&amp;quot;) but I, as a native English speaker, still very much hear this as a reference to a divine figure and would not use it seriously without religious belief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Goodbye&lt;/em&gt; - like &lt;em&gt;adios&lt;/em&gt; it literally means, etymologically, &lt;em&gt;God be with you&lt;/em&gt;. It has, however, lost all religious connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is more true of &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T15:37:01.347" Title="¿Todavía tiene connotación divina 'ojalá'? // Does 'ojalá' still have a divine connotation?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;religión&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;&lt;árabe&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18808" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-16T02:56:02.970" Score="2" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the following text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué eventos especiales te gusta asistir? Escribe sobre dos. ¿Qué llevas a cada uno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &quot;¿Qué llevas a cada uno?&quot; mean what do you bring or what do you wear or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14251" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T07:54:13.893" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T07:54:13.893" Title="Does &quot;¿Qué llevas a cada uno?&quot; mean what do you bring or what do you wear or something else?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-11-17T15:41:41.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18806" CreationDate="2016-11-16T07:24:54.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both 1780 and 1817 the dictionary defined it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;interj. Quiera Dios, asi sea. Úsase siempre para expresar el deseo que tenemos de que suceda alguna cosa que se apetece ó pide con ansia. Utinam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1884 it changed to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;interj. con que se denota vivo deseo de que suceda una cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And starting in 2001 it is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. Denota vivo deseo de que suceda algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it initially had a religious connotation (&lt;em&gt;Quiera Dios&lt;/em&gt;) but it has evolved into something popular and cultural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could also be the case of &lt;em&gt;Jesús&lt;/em&gt; as to say &lt;em&gt;bless you&lt;/em&gt; when sneezing. Neither in Spanish nor in English does this have a literally divine meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T15:37:01.347" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T15:37:01.347" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18822" CreationDate="2016-11-16T07:53:33.610" Score="4" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultando el NTTLE, en el &lt;em&gt;Nuevo diccionario enciclopédico ilustrado de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, por Miguel de Toro y Gómez, de 1901, me encontré cosas como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/umlmz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/umlmz.png&quot; alt=&quot;Definición invadiendo línea inferior&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resultó muy curioso el uso de esa especie de llave para ahorrar espacio, haciendo que el final de una definición ocupe la parte desocupada de la siguiente línea. Lo gracioso vino cuando encontré casos en los que lo que se ocupa es la línea anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UgaNg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UgaNg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Definición invadiendo línea superior&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He dicho &quot;llave&quot; pero mi pregunta realmente es ¿cómo se llama esa figura? ¿El hecho de usarla recibía otro nombre diferente? ¿Era de uso común? ¿Sigue vigente hoy día? Si no, ¿cuál fue su ámbito temporal de uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T09:39:10.997" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T18:18:41.140" Title="¿Cómo se llama la figura de la imagen? ¿Tiene vigencia hoy día?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-16T17:25:30.053" Score="4" ViewCount="4399" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la RAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PT8MVi9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Apéndice carnoso y eréctil que tiene el pavo sobre el pico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. Planta herbácea de adorno, de la familia de las amarantáceas, con tallo grueso, verde, ramoso, de algo más de un metro de altura, hojas aovadas lampiñas y flores generalmente purpúreas, dispuestas en grupos de espigas colgantes alrededor de otra central más larga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Méx. amaranto (‖ planta).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y más adelante (gracias Carlos Alejo por señalarlo) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PT8MVi9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no ser algo moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. verb. coloq. Ser de importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo y cuándo adquirió ese sentido figurado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:59:06.813" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T11:36:10.600" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;no es moco de pavo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-17T11:57:07.127" Score="5" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/638/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; se ha comentado la forma irregular que tiene la palabra &lt;em&gt;hijodalgo&lt;/em&gt; de formar el femenino y el plural. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hijodalgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hijodalgo&lt;/strong&gt;. 1. ‘Hidalgo’. El femenino es &lt;em&gt;hijadalgo&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Se entroniza,&#xA;  entre almohadas y sobre los envoltorios del oro, la encumbradísima hijadalgo»&lt;/em&gt; (Carrasquilla Marquesa [Col. 1928]). No son correctos los femeninos &lt;strike&gt;hijodalga&lt;/strike&gt; e &lt;strike&gt;hijadalga&lt;/strike&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;2. El plural es &lt;em&gt;hijosdalgo&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;hijasdalgo&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«No había reunión de hijosdalgo [...] donde no se sucediesen desde entonces los brindis»&lt;/em&gt; (Fuentes Naranjo [Méx. 1993]); &lt;em&gt;«Y aquesa noble condesa / De moros captiva iría, / Y con muchas hijasdalgo, / Que están en su compañía»&lt;/em&gt; (Sepúlveda Romances [Esp. 1580]). No son correctos los plurales &lt;strike&gt;hijo(s)dalgos&lt;/strike&gt; e &lt;strike&gt;hija(s)dalgas&lt;/strike&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este caso me resulta muy curioso, dado que al contrario que otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;gentilhombre&lt;/em&gt;, que admite como plural &lt;em&gt;gentileshombres&lt;/em&gt;, pluralizando ambas partes de la palabra (aunque la forma recomendada sea &lt;em&gt;gentilhombres&lt;/em&gt;), esta pluraliza solo la primera parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna otra palabra en español que forme el plural (y el femenino) de esta forma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T15:32:53.373" Title="¿Existe alguna otra palabra además de &quot;hijodalgo&quot; que forme el femenino y el plural en un sitio que no sea el final de la misma?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18812" CreationDate="2016-11-17T12:13:38.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mirando un poquito hacia abajo en el diccionario aparecen estas dos, muy similares a &lt;em&gt;hijodalgo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;hijaputa - hijoputa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no sé si el plural es &lt;em&gt;hijosputa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hijoputas&lt;/em&gt;. No he encontrado alguna referencia que lo aclare y no es una palabra que se use en mi país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-11-17T12:36:37.223" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T12:36:37.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18811" CreationDate="2016-11-17T12:28:17.470" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta respuesta debe ser tomada con cautela, dado que es mera especulación. Aparte del origen mencionado en los comentarios, por el cual la expresión debe entenderse literalmente al ser el moco de pavo la parte menos importante y menos valiosa del animal, podría haber una explicación un poco más erótico-festiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedaba un musulmán de bigotazos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que quitaba los virgos a porrazos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  engendrador a roso y a velloso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y eterno atacador del sexo hermoso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Éste, pues, embistió con la beata,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ella en sus movimientos se desata;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  él se procura asir con fuerte mano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y su giro burlar, pero fue en vano,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que al choque impetuoso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el árabe rijoso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se sintió vacilante y, reculando,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  perdió su dirección allí luchando.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Empeine con empeine compitieron,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el choque repitieron,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y al golpe la erección del moro bravo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vino a quedar en un &lt;strong&gt;moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Felix María Samaniego, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-jardin-de-venus--0/html/ffc4efae-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_3.html#I_89_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El jardín de Venus&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, España (a 1797)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;ser moco de pavo&quot; ya viene recogida en el primer diccionario de la RAE, el de autoridades, en 1734, antes de escribirse este poema. Sin embargo, esta historia podría apuntar a un origen del término por el cual un miembro que parezca &quot;un moco de pavo&quot; es inútil, no sirve para su función procreadora, y por tanto no tendría valor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo del mismo libro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la ciudad alegre y renombrada&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que riega, saltarín, Guadalmedina,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  empezó a padecer de mal de orina&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una recién casada&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de edad de veinte años,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a quien vinieron semejantes daños&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de que su viejo esposo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  setentón lujurioso,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por más esfuerzos que a su lado hacía&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y con sus refregones la impelía&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al conyugal recreo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  jamás satisfacía su deseo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  quedando a media rienda el pobrecito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con un &lt;strong&gt;moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt; tan maldito,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que la moza, volada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  enfermó de calor. ¡Ahí que no es nada!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que cuando alguien tiene algo que &quot;no es moco de pavo&quot;, imaginaos lo que tiene. En todo caso, esta alegoría de comparar el moco de pavo con cosas flácidas no es nueva. También tenemos este otro texto, bastante anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incorpóranse a la procesión, que se va componiendo de alumbrantes tarascas; y por el camino va uno, empleándose en dar con el capirote a cuantos pobretes ve, hasta que al dar a uno se le ase y quita de la cabeza, con que descubre una cara de tarasca vinosa, obligándole a dar el hacha a otro, en cuanto se pone el capirote ya hecho pedazos, que al levantarle se le cae la mitad a las espaldas, quedando como &lt;strong&gt;moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Francisco Santos, &quot;Las tarascas de Madrid&quot;, España (1665)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso lo que se compara es un capirote, que tendría que estar tieso y apuntando hacia arriba, pero que en vez de eso se ha quedado colgando por detrás, sobre la espalda, perdiendo así su majestuosidad el portador del mismo (quedando sin importancia). Lo cual podría dar algo más de validez a la teoría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T19:46:34.953" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T19:46:34.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18818" CreationDate="2016-11-17T12:55:37.293" Score="2" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;I take it from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/14929/using-a-%C3%A9l-in-a-sentence-with-lo/14942#14942&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; that when saying something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dile a él ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;a él&lt;/em&gt; part is not necessary and can be left out, it is just for clarification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am wondering if I could just leave out the &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;. Besides the fact, that it sounds clumsy, are the following three phrases the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dile ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dile a él ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Di a él ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14256" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T08:46:59.610" Title="Dile a él - pronoun necessary" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-17T12:58:41.560" Score="1" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the semantic difference between the two forms below from Andean Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Deb&lt;strong&gt;ió&lt;/strong&gt; entregarle - ‘He &lt;em&gt;should’ve&lt;/em&gt; (?) given it to him.’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. &lt;strong&gt;Hubiera&lt;/strong&gt; entrega&lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; a él -  ‘He &lt;em&gt;would’ve&lt;/em&gt; (?) given it to him.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if these translations are correct (I'm just trying my best here), but I am mainly interested not in the English but in the semantic difference that distinguishes them from one another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how should I refer to (1) and (2) when I talk about those constructions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5395" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T01:16:11.890" Title="Potential mood in Andean Spanish &quot;-ío&quot; vs &quot;hubiera + preterite&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18803" CreationDate="2016-11-17T15:47:07.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que decís en los comentarios, sí es posible escribirlas a mano, por lo que no cuadra mi hipótesis de no utilizar las comillas angulares/españolas/latinas en texto manuscrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tanto en escrito a mano como en escrito impreso se utilizaría el mismo formato:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Antonio me dijo: “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T15:47:07.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18815" CreationDate="2016-11-17T16:21:54.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dile&lt;/em&gt; is sufficent and the more correct form, &lt;em&gt;dile a él&lt;/em&gt; is more enfatic, you want to use this form to avoid ambiguity, because &lt;em&gt;dile&lt;/em&gt; can mean &lt;em&gt;dile (a él)&lt;/em&gt; as well as &lt;em&gt;dile (a ella)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di a él&lt;/em&gt; is not correct. When an explicit object (direct or indirect) is a pronoun (mí, ti, vos, él, ella, Vd., nosotros, nosotras, vosotros, vosotras, ellos, ellas, Vds.), it is obligatory to use the corresponding unstressed object pronoun (so the unstressed pronoun, or both, but not just the explicit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T08:46:59.610" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T08:46:59.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18812" CreationDate="2016-11-17T21:00:41.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BRgGL9X&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cualquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;quiera&lt;/em&gt;, 3.ª pers. de sing. del pres. de subj. de &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Forma apocopada &lt;strong&gt;cualquier&lt;/strong&gt; en aceps. 1 y 2; a veces no se apocopa en algunos lugares de Am. ante s. f.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pl. &lt;strong&gt;cualesquiera&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;cualesquier&lt;/strong&gt; excepto en aceps. 8 y 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sería otro ejemplo de pluralización de la primera parte solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14029" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T21:00:41.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-17T23:38:51.437" Score="4" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según veo, la RAE indica que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U8HCFgV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sitúa la acción, el proceso o el estado expresados por el verbo en un momento anterior a otro, &lt;strong&gt;igualmente pasado&lt;/strong&gt;. [énfasis mío]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente un amigo me contó una anecdota que me causa duda; dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Justo &lt;em&gt;había llegado&lt;/em&gt; al hotel cuando &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt; que no tengo mis maletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta oración utiliza &lt;em&gt;había llegado&lt;/em&gt; (pluscuamperfecto) pero lo expresa como anterior al &lt;em&gt;veo&lt;/em&gt;´ (presente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo claro que toda su anecdota se refiere a un suceso pasado, pero eso lo entiendo gracias al contexto y no por la oración en si mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esta mal dicha su oración?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Siempre se clasifica como pluscuamperfecto aunque se antepone a un verbo conjugado en presente?  ¿o recibe otra clasificación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T08:51:55.593" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T08:51:55.593" Title="¿Puede el pluscuamperfecto indicar anterioridad a un suceso presente?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18820" CreationDate="2016-11-17T23:52:55.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es más bien que tu amigo está usando el llamado &lt;strong&gt;presente histórico&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;presente narrativo&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que dice «veo», la acción expresada por dicho verbo no acaece en la actualidad, sino en lo que tal vez podríamos llamar la actualidad o el presente del tiempo narrado (que, como sabemos, está en el pasado).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que lo normal sería una de las dos opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Narración pretérita (con eje temporal lastrado en el presente)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Justo &lt;strong&gt;había llegado&lt;/strong&gt; al hotel cuando &lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt; que no &lt;strong&gt;tenía&lt;/strong&gt; mis maletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Narración presente (con eje temporal lastrado en la acción descrita)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Justo &lt;strong&gt;he llegado&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;o bien&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;llegué&lt;/strong&gt;) al hotel cuando &lt;strong&gt;veo&lt;/strong&gt; que no &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; mis maletas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, a veces por razones estilísticas (y especialmente en el habla cotidiana e informal), el eje temporal se cambia incluso dentro de una oración, tal y como es el caso en la oración.  Empieza describiendo algo en el pasado, pero probablemente alrededor de la palabra &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;, yo le imagino actuando y gestionando con las manos y cara su reacción de buscar y no encontrar las maletas.  Ello justificaría bien el cambio brusco al presente narrativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T23:52:55.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18810" CreationDate="2016-11-18T10:05:54.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=corchete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RAE: Corchete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Signo ortográfico doble (&lt;strong&gt;[ ]&lt;/strong&gt;) que se utiliza, por lo general, de forma&#xA;  parecida a los paréntesis que incorporan información complementaria o&#xA;  aclaratoria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En libros de poesía, se coloca un corchete de&#xA;  apertura delante de las últimas palabras de un verso cuando no se ha&#xA;  transcrito en una sola línea y se termina, alineado a la derecha, en&#xA;  el renglón siguiente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Y los ritmos indóciles vinieron acercándose,&#xA;&#xA; juntándose en las sombras, huyéndose y &#xA;&#xA;                            [buscándose. (Silva Obra [Col. 1880-95])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También en las transcripciones como en el comentario de &lt;a href=&quot;http://mendezmende.org/es/normativas/transcripcion-paleografica.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fedorqui, punto 10&lt;/a&gt; (aclarar que el corchete en combinación con otros signos. Es idéntica a la de los paréntesis), denominado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpolaci%C3%B3n_(filolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;interpolación&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que los editores habrán utilizado la grafía a modo similar, ¿es posible acceder a una versión anterior del diccionario? Estaría bien ver en las mismas definiciones y para ahorrar costes al modificar esta y otras página añaden la palabra usando el corchete, similar al antiguo uso de las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glosa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;glosas marginales&lt;/a&gt; pero sin ocupar el margen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-19T18:18:41.140" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T18:18:41.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18826" CreationDate="2016-11-18T18:58:31.267" Score="6" ViewCount="21389" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina (pero no restringido a la misma), ¿qué es &quot;a caballo&quot; en &quot;papas fritas a caballo&quot;? ¿Y cuál es la etimología?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T19:36:19.653" LastActivityDate="2021-02-16T04:00:33.563" Title="¿Qué es &quot;a caballo&quot; en &quot;papas fritas a caballo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18825" CreationDate="2016-11-18T19:41:57.757" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/a-caballo-gastronom%C3%ADa.791830/?hl=es&quot;&gt;este foro&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Argentina dentro del campo gastronómico llamamos &quot;a caballo&quot; a las comidas que, una vez preparadas, son acompañadas por dos huevos fritos apoyados encima.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Unas papas fritas a caballo son papas fritas con dos huevos fritos arriba, un bife a caballo viene también con dos huevos arriba, etc. También decimos &quot;a medio caballo&quot; para referirnos a un sólo huevo frito en vez de dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología en principio parece clara: los huevos están como montados a caballo sobre lo que sea que esté debajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T19:41:57.757" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-18T19:55:56.453" Score="2" ViewCount="6872" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;decimos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;de decir, afirmar&lt;/em&gt;) se escribe &lt;strong&gt;sin&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;tilde&lt;/strong&gt;, &#xA;mientras que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;décimos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;0.2, 0.3, etc.&lt;/em&gt;) se escribe &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;tilde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo estoy, me podrían confirmar si esto es un ejemplo de tilde diacrítica o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De antemano, ¡Gracias por la ayuda!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T21:02:14.250" Title="¿Es &quot;Decimos&quot; y &quot;Décimos&quot; un ejemplo de tilde diacrítica?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18827" CreationDate="2016-11-18T21:02:14.250" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente la conjugación del verbo &lt;code&gt;decir&lt;/code&gt; no lleva tilde. De todas formas, creo que este no es un ejemplo de tilde diacrítica. La tilde en décimos es ortográfica y responde a la acentuación esdrújula de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usualmente la tilde diacrítica aparece en palabras que se escriben y suenan igual para diferenciar distintos significados. En general, se da en monosílabos (aunque hay excepciones) y un buen ejemplo es &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt; como la nota musical o la conjunción o &lt;code&gt;sí&lt;/code&gt; en el caso del adverbio afirmativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14268" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T21:02:14.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-19T12:43:35.123" Score="2" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to say to someone something along the lines of &quot;I've bought cheese for your visit&quot;. It's a dear friend I'm speaking to so it should be informal.&#xA;Does this work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He comprado queso para su visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or this? (I'm trying to make it informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He comprado queso para tu visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has any suggestions or rewrites I'd love to hear them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T10:55:41.697" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T16:30:30.773" Title="How should I talk about something done in preparation for a visit? Should I use &quot;su visita&quot; or &quot;tu visita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18829" CreationDate="2016-11-19T13:11:51.077" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should include an opening exclamation mark (¡) at the beginning of the sentence. And since you are addressing a friend, you should use the form with &quot;tu&quot;.&#xA;Therefore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He comprado queso para tu visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14163" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T13:11:51.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18773" CreationDate="2016-11-19T14:51:00.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que finalmente podamos saber cuál es la relación etimológica, pero ésta es mi sugerencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, por una obvia similitud física con el fruto del &lt;strong&gt;capulín&lt;/strong&gt;, a una araña se le empieza a decir &lt;em&gt;araña capulina&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=GqDQCgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT419&amp;amp;ots=aCs-1mwbuz&amp;amp;dq=Ara%C3%B1a%20negra%20muy%20venenosa%2C%20de%20aspecto%20semejante%20al%20de%20un%20capul%C3%ADn&amp;amp;pg=PT419#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Ara%C3%B1a%20negra%20muy%20venenosa,%20de%20aspecto%20semejante%20al%20de%20un%20capul%C3%ADn&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del Español de México&lt;/a&gt; se indica esta analogía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capulina&lt;/strong&gt; s f &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Lathrodectus mactans&lt;/em&gt;) Araña negra muy venenosa, de aspecto semejante al de un capulín [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, dado que uno de los significados de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3P8VE21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;araña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;prostituta&lt;/strong&gt; (y parece que este uso es bastante frecuente en México), la palabra &lt;em&gt;capulina&lt;/em&gt; pasa a designar a una mujer que ejerce el comercio sexual y &lt;em&gt;lo capulino&lt;/em&gt; pasa a designar &lt;em&gt;lo prostibulario&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, la palabra con el paso del tiempo se &quot;suaviza&quot; y hace común, perdiendo la connotación pecaminosa del burdel, pero manteniendo el sentido de &quot;placer&quot;, &quot;voluptuosidad&quot; y finalmente &lt;strong&gt;&quot;buena vida&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda en la duda saber por qué existe la analogía &lt;strong&gt;prostituta/araña&lt;/strong&gt;. Tal vez a las prostitutas se les dice &quot;arañas&quot; porque -dadas las circunstancias- son consideradas &quot;mujeres malas&quot; (por las esposas, por ejemplo). El símbolo de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viuda_negra_(asesina)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;viuda negra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (mujer que asesina hombres) se basa precisamente en la misma especie &lt;em&gt;Lathrodectus mactans&lt;/em&gt;, la araña capulina, conocida por devorar la hembra al macho después de copular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T14:51:00.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1461" CreationDate="2016-11-20T03:55:13.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carta de presentación&lt;/em&gt; is what is commonly used for &quot;Personal Statement&quot; like the one that you write for college entrance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2909" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T07:34:32.047" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T07:34:32.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18833" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18845" CreationDate="2016-11-20T12:12:37.857" Score="4" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;I beleive there are two possibilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hj4NhGJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;felicitación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Acción y efecto de felicitar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Tarjeta postal, telegrama, etc., con que se felicita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FREhDcE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enhorabuena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. en hora buena en aceps. 2-4.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. felicitación (‖ acción de felicitar). Les dimos la enhorabuena por la victoria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. Con bien o con felicidad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adv. U. para denotar aprobación o conformidad ante lo que se enuncia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. interj. U. para felicitar a alguien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de enhorabuena&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. En situación afortunada o feliz. Estamos de enhorabuena porque ha nacido el primer nieto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The motivation for my question is seeing a couple standing outside Málaga town hall who appeared to have just got married. Should I have called out ¡&lt;em&gt;felicitaciones&lt;/em&gt;! or ¡&lt;em&gt;enhorabuena&lt;/em&gt;! or would that have been inappropriate? In fact as it turned out as we walked along it became clear that they were part of a photo shoot so neither would have been a good idea. It looks from the definitions that &lt;em&gt;enhorabuena&lt;/em&gt; would be better. Is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T09:01:43.263" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:01:13.477" Title="What is the distinction between Spanish words for congratulations?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-20T12:46:13.180" Score="5" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUIMenuNtlle?cmd=Lema&amp;amp;sec=1.0.0.0.0.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NTLLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la etimología de &lt;strong&gt;galimatías&lt;/strong&gt;, he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Terreros y Pando 1787&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;M. Huet&lt;/em&gt; cree que esta voz quedó de un pleito, en que se disputaba de un &lt;em&gt;gallo&lt;/em&gt; propio de un hombre llamado &lt;em&gt;Matias&lt;/em&gt;, y en que los alegatos se ponian en latin; y como el Abogado se embrollase á fuerza de repetir &lt;em&gt;Gallus &amp;amp; Mathias&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de decir &lt;em&gt;Gallus Mathiae&lt;/em&gt;, decía &lt;em&gt;Galli Mathias&lt;/em&gt;, de donde quedó &lt;em&gt;Galimatias&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zerolo 1895, RAE 1899, Pages 1914, Rodríguez Navas 1918&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del b. lat &lt;em&gt;ballimatia&lt;/em&gt;, címbalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE 1956, RAE 1970, RAE 1984&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;galimatias&lt;/em&gt;, invención jocosa del siglo XVI; de &lt;em&gt;galli&lt;/em&gt;, gallo, y el gr. &lt;em&gt;μάθεία&lt;/em&gt;, enseñanza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE 1992&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;galimatias&lt;/em&gt;, discurso o escrito embrollado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE 2001&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;RAE actual&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;galimatias&lt;/em&gt;, discurso o escrito embrollado, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;κατὰ Ματθαῖον&lt;/em&gt;, según Mateo, por la manera en que este evangelista describe la genealogía que figura al comienzo de su Evangelio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;etimologías.dechile.net&lt;/strong&gt; se menciona, además:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otros sostienen que vendría del latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;ballimathia&lt;/em&gt; que Isidoro de Sevilla (c. 565-636) glosaba: &lt;em&gt;inhonestae cantationes&lt;/em&gt;, canciones obscenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conjunto, parece que a lo largo de los siglos se han propuesto ¡media docena de etimologías diferentes! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T08:26:35.533" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T06:53:09.943" Title="¿Hay palabras con más etimologías propuestas que &quot;galimatías&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18829" CreationDate="2016-11-20T12:48:37.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right. Use the perfect tense to talk about something that you have done. &lt;em&gt;Tu&lt;/em&gt; is better as this is informal. Unless it's a Spanish speaker from Latin America who don't use &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; that much. Then stick to &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14279" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T10:56:02.503" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T10:56:02.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18765" CreationDate="2016-11-20T13:02:01.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intransitive verbs such as &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt; need to have an indirect object. When this is a common noun, we say &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;a la&lt;/em&gt;, but with a proper noun when can only use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Sara le gusta el chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al perro le gusta el chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la mujer le gusta el chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the same with &lt;em&gt;faltar&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;molestar&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;interesar&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Sara le molesta el ruido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al perro le molesta el ruido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la mujer le molesta el ruido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extra note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please also remember that &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;señora&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;señorita&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;doctor&lt;/em&gt; always take the article when you refer to them (but when not speaking to them directly) so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al señor López le interesa esta película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But no &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; when speaking directly to him:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señor López, ¿le interesa esta película?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14279" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T19:25:23.317" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T19:25:23.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18839" CreationDate="2016-11-20T17:03:42.277" Score="0" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure it's either &quot;Tu casa de mami&quot; or &quot;Casa de tu mami&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14281" LastActivityDate="2016-11-20T19:38:03.910" Title="How to say &quot;your mom's house?&quot;" Tags="&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18837" CreationDate="2016-11-20T19:09:48.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, literally as you are writing it: &lt;strong&gt;La casa de tu madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, depending on country, &quot;family habits&quot;, formal or informal and context, &lt;em&gt;mom&lt;/em&gt; could be translated to &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; is more formal and &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt; the less formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in english &lt;em&gt;mom&lt;/em&gt; is more informal than formal, so it would be translated as &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt;, but in certain countries, like Spain, you never use &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt; referring to other person mother, unless certain very specific cases (joking f.i., or a woman that you consider something near a mother for whatever reasons, really special cases).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Basically &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt; are both diminutives used with affection, with love, so you don't use it with others' mom, but with your own mom! Specifically &lt;em&gt;mami&lt;/em&gt; is very rare and most often used only by children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, in other countries, mainly latin american ones, they use &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt; more often, so in these countries you could say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la casa de tu mamá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and it would be perfectly correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing: &lt;strong&gt;Tu casa de mami&lt;/strong&gt;... never, ever. That's like saying in English &lt;strong&gt;your house of mom&lt;/strong&gt; (I'm not even sure if that's the correct literal translation). It's nonsense. &lt;strong&gt;Tu casa&lt;/strong&gt; indicates that you are the house owner, &lt;strong&gt;your house&lt;/strong&gt;, but &lt;strong&gt;de mami&lt;/strong&gt; indicates that &lt;strong&gt;mami&lt;/strong&gt; is the house owner, &lt;strong&gt;of mom&lt;/strong&gt;. The house is yours, of your mother... what?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorDisplayName="user14277" LastEditDate="2016-11-20T19:38:03.910" LastActivityDate="2016-11-20T19:38:03.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2016-11-20T19:33:41.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aHHudUc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trancazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is another term for &quot;gripe&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. coloq. gripe.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it is often used (informally) in Spain (&quot;¡Tengo un trancazo!&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorDisplayName="user14277" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T20:49:28.337" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T20:49:28.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2016-11-21T07:13:22.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cabrón&lt;/em&gt; is like the word &quot;jackass&quot; in English. Literally it translates to a male goat, but it seems the meaning (depending on context) would be usually closer to &quot;horny fornicating billy goat&quot;. If you wouldn't call someone a jackass, don't use &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14286" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T07:33:57.163" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T07:33:57.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18833" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:28:57.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are mentioning Málaga I will focus in the Spanish from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, in such situations we use &lt;strong&gt;¡enhorabuena!&lt;/strong&gt; or (as Carlos Alejo pointed out in comments), &lt;strong&gt;¡felicidades!&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my knowledge, &lt;em&gt;felicitaciones&lt;/em&gt; is used in South America, but I don't know exactly where. I do know that in Colombia you get a lot of &lt;em&gt;felicitaciones&lt;/em&gt; for your birthday, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found an interesting digression on the topic &lt;a href=&quot;https://interfluency.wordpress.com/2013/01/01/two-kinds-of-congratulations-and-how-spanish-expresses-them/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Two kinds of congratulations… and how Spanish expresses them&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many English speakers (and even some native Spanish speakers) confuse this interjection with the similar-sounding “¡Felicitaciones!” English routinely expresses both ideas by the single word: “Congratulations!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The distinction is significant: felicitación is an act of praise or congratulation, while felicidad refers to that sublime and blessed state of the human heart, happiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus a graduation, a promotion, an award, indeed any achievement or victory, merits a congratulatory “¡Felicitaciones!” (An alternative particularly common in Spain: “¡Enhorabuena!”)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, transcendent moments of the human condition, the annual cycle, or the great life passages—the birth of a child, a birthday, a wedding, or, indeed, a New Year—inspire the warmer and more elevated “¡Felicidades!”: a wish for much happiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't specially agree with it, but it may well be because I fail on what is said in the beginning of the text and I see &lt;em&gt;enhorabuena&lt;/em&gt; as something correct for such circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T09:28:57.180" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:44:25.390" Score="4" ViewCount="2670" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día sabemos que, salvo excepciones, debemos escribir &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, esto parece que no siempre fue así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5aK11.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5aK11.png&quot; alt=&quot;á el&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La imagen corresponde a la definición de &quot;niño&quot; según el diccionario de la RAE de 1783, que duró hasta la edición de 1803 inclusive. Se puede ver como se usa &quot;á el&quot; en un contexto que hoy en día no corresponde con ninguna excepción, ya que diríamos &quot;se aplica al que no ha llegado&quot;. De hecho, en la misma definición más adelante dice &quot;se extiende [...] al que tiene pocos años&quot;, usando (ahí sí) la contracción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿a qué excepción corresponde el que en esta definición se usara &quot;á el&quot; separado? ¿Qué diferencia hay entre dicho &quot;á el&quot; y el &quot;al&quot; posterior? ¿Cómo evolucionó esta norma hasta llegar a la actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como añadido, hacer notar que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Gramatica_RAE_1771_reducida.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primera gramática&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) de la RAE, de 1771, dice lo siguiente en la parte I, capítulo V, correspondiente a los artículos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El artículo singular masculino pierde la primera letra siempre que le precede inmediatamente la preposicion &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, ó la preposicion &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; para evitar la concurrencia de dos vocales; y formando una sola voz de la preposicion y el artículo decimos: servir &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; Rey: cumplir las órdenes &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; Rey: cuyo uso es mas acertado que el de algunos que por afectacion dicen: &lt;em&gt;de el&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;á el&lt;/em&gt;. Esta exactitud conviene quando esta palabra &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; es pronombre, y no artículo, como: Fulano sintió que hablasen mal &lt;em&gt;de él&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No añade ninguna excepción. Dado el caso, ¿podría tratarse de un error gramatical en el propio diccionario? ¿O la regla por aquel entonces era más bien una recomendación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por si sirve de pista, en el CORDE se pueden encontrar las siguientes ocurrencias de &quot;á el&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1000-1500    136 casos en  38 documentos&#xA;1500-1600    178 casos en  73 documentos&#xA;1600-1700    924 casos en  51 documentos&#xA;1700-1800    671 casos en 103 documentos&#xA;1800-1900    149 casos en  61 documentos&#xA;1900-2000     39 casos en  15 documentos (el último hacia 1910)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos de los casos encontrados usan &quot;el&quot; como &quot;él&quot; (pronombre), pero son una minoría. Es decir, que parece ser que esta falta de contracción era algo que se daba con bastante frecuencia, y que no paró por completo hasta que la preposición &quot;á&quot; perdió su tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T10:17:11.583" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T21:36:05.080" Title="¿Han existido excepciones a la norma de &quot;a + el = al&quot; aparte de las actuales?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18833" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:01:13.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will concentrate on usage in Spain, not just because you are talking about Málaga, but also because this is the one I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, in Spain we do not use &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones!&lt;/em&gt; to congratulate; we would use &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; instead. I know @fedorqui's quote makes a difference between these two expressions, but we just never use &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones!&lt;/em&gt;, though this expression is very usual in many other Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the difference between &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¡Enhorabuena!&lt;/em&gt;, they can be used interchangeably in many cases, but not always. &lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; is just a wish for happiness. You can use this whenever something good happens to someone. &lt;em&gt;¡Enhorabuena!&lt;/em&gt;, on the contrary, implies a congratulation for a work well done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt; can be almost anything. For instance, you could have used it at the wedding in Málaga, implying that you congratulate the newly wed for having carried their relation to this point when they get married. But you would not say &lt;em&gt;enhorabuena&lt;/em&gt; at a birthday; just staying alive does not really qualify. Once again, you can use it for a wedding anniversary, again implying that you congratulate the couple for having overcome the usual problems in a relationship this far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Felicidades!&lt;/em&gt; is a wish for happiness on some special occasion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Enhorabuena!&lt;/em&gt; is a congratulation for a good work from which you are now reaping the rewards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But don't read too much into this difference. In most cases, both expressions can be used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:01:13.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18704" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:19:57.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a dar una opinión sobre el posible origen de la expresión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De la misma nación hubo otra señalada matrona casada con uno de los reyes de Inglaterra, el cual en una guerra en que se halló contra los sirios, como fuese herido en un brazo con cierta hierba, y vuelto a su tierra no hallase remedio para su salud, sino uno, y era que alguno le chupase aquella materia y ponzoña mezclada, no quería dejarse chupar la herida, viendo que había peligro muy peligroso de perder la vida quien tal emprendiese hacer. Pero la reina, viendo esto, disimuló luego de presente, y después como a la noche le vio que dormía, le desató la herida y comenzósela a chupar y escupir aquella materia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Justiniano, &quot;Instrucción de la mujer cristiana, de J.L. Vives&quot;, España (1528)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde hace siglos se ha venido usando la expresión &quot;chuparse las heridas&quot; para indicar que es una posible forma de sanarlas. En el siglo XVI se referían sobre todo a posibles escozores o urticarias provocadas por determinadas hierbas ponzoñosas o venenosas. &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=chupa*%20dist%2F2%20herida&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1000&amp;amp;ano2=1700&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; algunas entradas en el CORDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta que la expresión se usa cuando se ha dicho algo que puede haber provocado un escozor o herida figurada en la otra persona (expresión &quot;usada como comentario irónico a algo que produce incomodidad o fastidio a alguien&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=94gRaCx#8gKShT8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la RAE&lt;/a&gt;), no es descabellado pensar que la expresión se use para indicar a la otra persona que se puede ir chupando la herida (esa) si quiere que se cure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:19:57.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:40:09.690" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to tell someone (via email) that my friend likes football (English football i.e. soccer) but I'm not sure which one of these it would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A él le gusta el fútbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le gusta el fútbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14104" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T11:51:51.283" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T15:52:48.817" Title="How to say &quot;He likes football&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18797" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:48:23.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definitions are not the opposite. Most of the uses of &lt;em&gt;aventajar&lt;/em&gt; nowadays correspond to the fourth meaning, but the subjacent meaning is just &amp;quot;to be ahead of something or someone&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;to put something or someone ahead of other(s)&amp;quot;. Both meaning imply something being ahead of other. Thus, using &lt;em&gt;aventajar&lt;/em&gt; does not mean that you cede way to others, that could be &lt;em&gt;ser aventajado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El caballo en cabeza aventaja al segundo por medio cuerpo de distancia.&lt;/em&gt; (Intransitive use.)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;El caballo en cabeza aventaja medio cuerpo al segundo.&lt;/em&gt; (Transitive use.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada participante del concurso de patios de Córdoba trata de aventajar el suyo con respecto a los demás.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguien decidió aventajar a este candidato por ser familia suya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:48:23.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18834" CreationDate="2016-11-21T15:06:33.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5BTZ46N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bastardo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia autoridades (1726):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El P. Guadix [...] dice que es voz Arábiga &lt;em&gt;Baxtaridû&lt;/em&gt;, que vale lo mismo que de quien quisiéredes, por no saberse de cierto quienes&#xA;  fueron los padres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Otros deducen el origen del Latino &lt;em&gt;Burdus&lt;/em&gt;, que es el macho hijo de yegua y de asno, y que de Bustardo se dixo Bastardo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia usual (1884):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Del fr. &lt;em&gt;bas&lt;/em&gt;, bajo, y del célt. &lt;em&gt;tarz&lt;/em&gt;, extracción?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia usual (1899 hasta 1947):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;De &lt;em&gt;basto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia usual (1956 hasta 1992):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Del ant. fr. &lt;em&gt;bastard&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academia usual (2001 hasta la actualidad):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Del ant. fr. &lt;em&gt;bastart&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total: hasta 6 etimologías diferentes propuestas a lo largo del tiempo (aunque las dos últimas solo varíen en una letra), y únicamente por la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros diccionarios, como el Rosal de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Del gr. q. llamó Bassarída o Bastarída a la muger publica o Ramera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Terreros y Pando (1786):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Bastardo es del Balc. &lt;em&gt;Baftarric du, hijo habido ocultamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para rematar el festival, ya que la RAE dice que viene del francés, he aquí lo que dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/b%C3%A2tard/8313?q=b%C3%A2tard#8265&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Larousse&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Latin medieval &lt;em&gt;bastardus&lt;/em&gt;, del germánico &lt;em&gt;banstu-&lt;/em&gt;, segundo matrimonio con una mujer de menor rango.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: Corominas profundiza en la etimología actual del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomado del fr. ant. &lt;em&gt;bastart&lt;/em&gt; [...], quizá deriv. de &lt;em&gt;bast&lt;/em&gt; 'albarda' por alusión a los hijos nacidos de las relaciones de arrieros con mozas de posada, como las de la Maritornes del Quijote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T06:53:09.943" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T06:53:09.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T18:03:19.637" Score="4" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bDYozQT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uxoricida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;uxor, -ōris&lt;/em&gt; 'mujer, esposa' y &lt;em&gt;-cida&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Hombre que mata a su mujer. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe la palabra recíproca, que describe a la &quot;mujer que mata a su marido&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14289" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T23:56:49.040" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T23:56:49.040" Title="¿Existe la palabra recíproca de &quot;uxoricida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18850" CreationDate="2016-11-21T19:40:34.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que es la primera vez que oigo ese término, lo desconocía. Buscando en el DIRAE no he encontrado ninguna palabra cuya raíz sea &lt;em&gt;virum&lt;/em&gt; (marido) o &lt;em&gt;sponsum&lt;/em&gt; (esposo), así que para el caso contrario habrá que tirar de términos más genéricos, como &lt;em&gt;homicida&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AiBRMid&quot;&gt;conyugicida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando términos más coloquiales que no aparecen en el diccionario, uno podría ser &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viuda_negra_(asesina)&quot;&gt;viuda negra&lt;/a&gt;, pero este término define a un tipo concreto de mujeres que asesinan a sus maridos en serie, y motivadas principalmente por motivos económicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en inglés sí que existe el opuesto: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariticide&quot;&gt;mariticide&lt;/a&gt;. En español sería &quot;mariticidio&quot;, que no está recogido oficialmente pero si lo buscas en Google verás textos que emplean esa palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T20:55:07.847" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T20:55:07.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-22T06:29:59.063" Score="3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BUGYsaN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuatezón&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. &lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de un animal: Que, debiendo tener cuernos por su especie, carece de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo he encontrado esta palabra una única vez, utilizada como insulto (&quot;¡Ese guarda es un cuatezón!&quot;), lo que me lleva a plantearme si es una palabra habitual o de poco uso, y si el uso como insulto es frecuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:56:13.413" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T23:00:53.313" Title="¿Se utiliza &quot;cuatezón&quot; literalmente o como insulto?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18847" CreationDate="2016-11-22T07:33:30.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saying &quot;A él le gusta el fútbol&quot; you are being more accurate (HE likes football).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;Le gusta el fútbol&quot; you can refer to woman or man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14296" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T09:50:32.993" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T09:50:32.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18856" CreationDate="2016-11-22T07:56:25.877" Score="2" ViewCount="2834" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raiz de esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18812/existe-alguna-otra-palabra-adem%C3%A1s-de-hijodalgo-que-forme-el-femenino-y-el-plu&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt; me puse a buscar y encontré unos pocos ejemplos de plurales irregulares: hijosdalgo que aparece en la pregunta de Carlos, cualesquiera, quienesquiera y el más extraño de todos, hipérbatos, plural de hipérbaton. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primera duda fue de donde salía esa forma ¿por qué no se dice hiperbatones o hipérbatones? Aunque buscando algo más ví que también se dice &lt;em&gt;hipérbato&lt;/em&gt; por lo que tiene más sentido. Pero la pregunta es otra, pensando en palabras que teminan en &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt; no he sido capaz de encontrar ninguna otra que no sea aguda de 30 o más que se me han ocurrido en un rato. ¿Existe alguna palabra terminada en &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt; aparte de hipérbaton que no sea aguda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2020-07-27T02:04:19.380" Title="¿Existen palabras esdrújulas o llanas que acaben en &quot;on&quot;?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18855" CreationDate="2016-11-22T08:06:22.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acromion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aron&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asíndeton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bádminton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beicon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bustrofedon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Canon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claxon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dalton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Épsilon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eslalon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fitoplancton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vete al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscador de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;. Pulsa en el desplegable a la izquierda del cuadro de búsqueda (donde pone &quot;por palabras&quot;), cámbialo por &quot;termina en&quot; y escribe &quot;on&quot; en el recuadro de búsqueda. Mucha gente desconoce que lo de la izquierda es un desplegable, la verdad es que no parece uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T08:06:22.160" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19043" CreationDate="2016-11-22T08:18:23.600" Score="3" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18834/12637&quot;&gt;palabras con muchas etimologías propuestas&lt;/a&gt;, encontré la definición de &lt;em&gt;bastardo&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario de autoridades de la RAE (1726) de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U8VAT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U8VAT.png&quot; alt=&quot;Bastardo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me llama la atención de este texto es que las comas (,) y los dos puntos (:) se escriben dejando un espacio entre estos y las palabras precedentes. En cambio, el punto (.) sí parece escribirse siempre pegado a la palabra anterior. ¿Era la regla por entonces escribir algunos signos de puntuación separados? Si es así, ¿qué signos debían escribirse con un espacio de por medio? ¿Cuándo se unificó esta norma para que los signos siempre se escribieran pegados a la palabra anterior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T09:19:38.347" Title="¿Cuándo se comenzaron a escribir los signos de puntuación pegados a la palabra precedente?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18853" CreationDate="2016-11-22T08:34:14.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos en el centro de México, podría afirmar que no se usa coloquialmente. Jamás la he oido utilizada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T08:34:14.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18861" CreationDate="2016-11-22T12:29:28.773" Score="8" ViewCount="16052" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quién no ha oído una frase del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esa reunión estaba la &lt;strong&gt;flor y nata&lt;/strong&gt; de la sociedad: reyes, ministros, jueces...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, nos referimos al conjunto de población que representa el valor supremo (léase en cuanto a dinero y/o poder).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leí que en El Quijote ya aperece. Además, la RAE lo recoge en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6Rb5ZS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;flor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. flos, floris.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. flor (‖ parte más escogida). La flor y nata de la sociedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, creo que sin relación aparente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7. f. Nata que hace el vino en lo alto de la vasija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en la definición de la otra palabra vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QHOuYrw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Quizá de natta, var. del b. lat. matta 'manta'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Cosa principal y más estimada en cualquier línea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece como que tanto &lt;em&gt;flor&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;nata&lt;/em&gt; se refieran a algo distinguido, por lo que decir &lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt; vendría a ser algo así como &lt;em&gt;lo bueno y mejor&lt;/em&gt;: una reiteración para dar más potencia a lo descrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿Hay alguna explicación adicional al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, en Fundéu se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/la-creme-dela-creme-15436/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Se debe escribir &lt;em&gt;crème de la crème&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva? ¿Solo la palabra crème o incluimos el artículo femenino?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión hecha es &lt;em&gt;crème de la crème&lt;/em&gt;. Se escribe íntegramente en cursiva (aunque si le antecede un artículo este va en redonda, pues no forma parte de ella) y respetando los acentos del francés. También puede reemplazarse por su equivalente español de &lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt;, pero carece del sentido irónico con el que a veces se emplea la expresión francesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Curioso! Parece que &lt;em&gt;crème de la crème&lt;/em&gt; puede tener un sentido irónico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T17:16:04.337" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T17:16:04.337" Title="¿Por qué decimos que la parte más escogida es la &quot;flor y nata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18859" CreationDate="2016-11-22T14:15:29.513" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los comentarios ya hemos atestiguado que la expresión viene de lejos, dado que se usaba ya en el siglo XVI de forma conjunta, en su variante de &quot;flor y nata&quot; y en la de &quot;nata y flor&quot;. Sin embargo, por separado van mucho más allá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et toda la flor de la caualleria de francia es en esta hueste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Gran Conquista de Ultramar&quot;, España (1293)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la pista definitiva nos la da la traducción de los términos al latín. Sabemos que &quot;flor&quot; viene de &lt;em&gt;flos, floris&lt;/em&gt;. En principio podríamos pensar que por entonces ese término se podía interpretar de forma literal, pero vemos que no es así. En el diccionario de autoridades se manejan las acepciones y sus traducciones por separado, indicando así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FLOR. Metaphoricamente significa la parte mas escogida y selecta de alguna cosa, como de un Reino, Provincia, &amp;amp;c. Lat. &lt;strong&gt;Flos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NATA. Metaphoricamente se toma por lo principal y mas estimado en qualquier linea. Lat. &lt;strong&gt;Flos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en latín el término &lt;em&gt;flos, floris&lt;/em&gt; ya tenía ese significado metafórico. Por tanto, va a ser complicado darle un origen a dicha metáfora. Nos quedamos sencillamente con que la metáfora se extendió a la nata, seguramente por la definición de &quot;flor&quot; con respecto al vino (&quot;la natilla que hace el vino en lo alto de la cuba&quot;), que mezcla los dos términos. Al ser dicha natilla algo que flota por sobre todo el resto del vino, se puede entender ese sentido metafórico de algo que está por encima de lo demás: lo más selecto. Y de ahí a &quot;la flor y nata&quot; hay un paso, como ya atestiguan los documentos de 1550 que llaman &quot;flor y nata&quot; a dicha natilla del vino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T14:08:40.053" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T14:08:40.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18859" CreationDate="2016-11-22T18:22:44.417" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín no existía una palabra para decir &lt;em&gt;nata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Lactis&lt;/em&gt; era la leche y &lt;em&gt;cremor&lt;/em&gt; se refería a los caldos espesos. A la capa de leche gruesa que flota se le decía &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;flos lactis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir &quot;flor de la leche&quot;. Y también se decía &lt;em&gt;flos olei&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;flor del aceite&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;flos vini&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;la flor del vino&quot;). Esto porque la metáfora de la flor como algo excelente no es algo que apareció en el español, sino que ya venía usándose en latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces sí, estás en lo cierto, en &quot;flor y nata&quot; hay una repetición de significados (un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/3423/6915&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;doblete sinonímico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;), como en &lt;em&gt;al fin y al cabo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;de golpe y porrazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T16:25:15.817" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T16:25:15.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18829" CreationDate="2016-11-22T19:04:59.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Informal settings would requite informalness. &quot;Tu&quot; is fitting here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He comprado queso para &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; visita! &lt;em&gt;(he is your friend)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise &quot;su&quot; is mandatory in formal settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He comprado queso para &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; visita! &lt;em&gt;(he is boss/customer)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T19:04:59.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-22T20:23:20.437" Score="4" ViewCount="13551" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de toparme con la expresión &quot;en un periquete&quot;, recogida en la RAE tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Se6SxOM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;periquete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Brevísimo espacio de tiempo. &lt;em&gt;Volverá en un periquete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que me resulta divertida, pero ahora me estaba preguntando ¿de dónde viene? ¿Alguien conoce la etimología de la palabra? Buscando un poco he podido encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://rociodiazgomez.blogspot.com.es/2012/07/en-un-periquete-origen-de-la-expresion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunas alternativas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corominas la da como derivado de &quot;perico&quot;, originariamente diminutivo de &quot;Pero&quot; (Pedro) y a partir de ahí &quot;especie de papagayo&quot; (periquito) y, por otra vía, &quot;antiguo tocado de pelo postizo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Podría ser una metátesis de &quot;repiquete&quot;, voz que el Diccionario define como &quot;repique vivo y rápido de campanas parecido al redoble del tambor&quot;. Lógicamente, el repiquete (que, según el Diccionario de Autoridades se producía golpeando la campana con un instrumento de hierro distinto del badajo) debía de ser de breve duración (pensemos en el repiqueteo de la campanilla en la misa católica), y por ahí se formaría la expresión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Viene del griego clásico &lt;em&gt;peri&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;alrededor de&quot;, &quot;en torno a&quot;, etc. y &lt;em&gt;kete&lt;/em&gt;, que viene de &lt;em&gt;keteo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;keteomai&lt;/em&gt;, en voz pasiva; en ambos casos significa &quot;buscar bajo los velos lo que nadie ve&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vendría del prefijo &lt;em&gt;peri&lt;/em&gt; (entorno alrededor) y de la raíz &lt;em&gt;keté&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;cuete&lt;/em&gt; (embriaguez). Vendría a significar algo así como &quot;andar ebrio alrededor de algo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que la que más me convence es la de la metátesis de &quot;repiquete&quot;, pero me falla porque en el CORDE aparecen concordancias con la expresión &quot;en un periquete&quot; desde 1871, pero ninguna de &quot;en un repiquete&quot;. Y en la hemeroteca del BNE encuentro el siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003723751&amp;amp;page=5&amp;amp;search=periquetes&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;texto de 1806&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Pues qué no tiene esta buena señora hombres sapientísimos, de autoridad, de peso y poder, para los que sería un juego tales combates, y los quales en dos periquetes la sacarían triunfante, lucidísima y completamente vengada? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué opináis vosotros? ¿Alguna otra opción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T15:46:02.870" LastActivityDate="2020-11-14T15:32:44.320" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;en un periquete&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18863" CreationDate="2016-11-22T21:28:56.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Propongo una teoría que he ideado tras investigar un poco. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Alcal%C3%A1_Venceslada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Antonio Alcalá Venceslada&lt;/a&gt; fue un escritor, poeta, archivero, filósofo y profesor español, nacido en Marmolejo, provincia de Jaén (España). En 1933 publicó su &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario Andaluz&lt;/em&gt;, obra reconocida y premiada por la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precisamente en los archivos de la RAE, en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; existe &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_P/LETRA_P_PDF/PERIQUETE/00001215.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una ficha (PDF)&lt;/a&gt; sobre la palabra &quot;periquete&quot;, extraída de la citada obra, que dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Periquete.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Castañuela frotando fuertemente los dedos cordial y pulgar. (Prov. de Jaén.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y pone como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;...comenzó a hacer sonoros &lt;strong&gt;periquetes&lt;/strong&gt; con los dedos marcando el compás del dos por uno...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta cita es de un artículo de Alfredo Cazabán Laguna, un escritor y periodista jiennense. Por tanto, tenemos que en Jaén se conocía como &quot;periquete&quot; al chasquear los dedos, acción que produce un sonido que, como sabemos, dura un periquete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema que tengo con esta teoría es que ignoro desde cuándo se conoce como &quot;periquete&quot; a este gesto en Jaén. Por tanto, existe la posibilidad de que la expresión &quot;en un periquete&quot; sea de origen andaluz, suponiendo que el mencionado &quot;periquete&quot; sea más antiguo; pero también puede ser que primero viniese la expresión &quot;en un periquete&quot; y luego se le diera al gesto el nombre de &quot;periquete&quot; dada la brevedad del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T15:39:16.123" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T15:39:16.123" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18457" CreationDate="2016-11-22T22:17:38.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to remark that you can convey future not only by using the &lt;code&gt;fuera&lt;/code&gt; paradigm. In fact, you can use present subjunctive and still convey future (and that's a very common usage). Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;El que dijo eso&lt;/code&gt; (past) → &quot;eso&quot; has been said already&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;El que dice eso&lt;/code&gt; (present) → &quot;eso&quot; is said in the present or in a timeless setting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;El que diga eso&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;pres. subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt;) → &quot;eso&quot; is expected to be said &lt;strong&gt;in the future&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T22:17:38.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18853" CreationDate="2016-11-22T22:27:59.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario para un macuto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; de García Serrano aparece:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Giraldo manejaba con astucia un insulto que desconcertaba mucho, sobre todo si no se tenía un diccionario a mano. Giraldo lo empleaba más con los amigos que con los enemigos, porque a la hora de homerizar prefería atenerse a las normas clásicas y no apartarse de ellas ni un tanto así. Si Giraldo pedía tabaco y no se lo daban, decía:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Valiente cuatezón estás hecho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuatezón era el que le molestaba el sueño, el que le birlaba el periódico, el que no se prestaba a alguno de sus caprichos, el productor de pequeñas contrariedades o simples molestias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14289" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:00:53.313" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T23:00:53.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18847" CreationDate="2016-11-22T23:07:36.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with these answers. Both mean the same thing and are correct, however 'a él...' is more emphatic and I would use this perhaps in a comparison to show clarity such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta el baloncesto pero a él le gusta el fútbol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;As for me, I like basketball but when it comes to him, he likes football&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14279" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T15:52:48.817" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T15:52:48.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18870" CreationDate="2016-11-23T07:51:51.743" Score="4" ViewCount="6143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los documentos de la RAE no paran de esconder sorpresas. La última me la llevé ojeando la primera &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/primera-ortografia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt; de 1741, en la cual descubrí lo siguiente en el apartado dedicado a las letras que componían por entonces el abecedario español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8a8gq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8a8gq.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abecedario&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale que faltase por entonces la W, pero ¿y la Ñ? Buscando un poco más adelante las peculiaridades de cada letra, encontré lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sazJC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sazJC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que por aquel entonces la Ñ no se distinguía de la N más de lo que hoy en día distinguimos la A de la Á, o la U de la Ü. Era simplemente una N con una tilde encima. Así pues, ¿cuándo se le dio a la Ñ entidad de letra independiente y digna de ser incluida en el abecedario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:49:48.807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:49:48.807" Title="¿Cuándo se incorporó la Ñ al abecedario como letra con entidad propia?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18871" CreationDate="2016-11-23T10:21:55.317" Score="3" ViewCount="3482" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en &lt;em&gt;besitos&lt;/em&gt;. El diminutivo no indica que los besos son pequeños, sino que denota un estado anímico alegre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene este tipo de diminutivo un nombre técnico? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T15:14:21.360" Title="&quot;Saluditos, besitos, etc.&quot; ¿Cómo se llama este diminutivo?" Tags="&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18868" CreationDate="2016-11-23T11:17:07.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que tratados de ortografía anteriores, como el de Nebrija de 1523, incluían la Ñ en el alfabeto, efectivamente la primera edición de la ortografía de la RAE la omite, contando pues un total de 25 letras en el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda edición, que se pasó a llamar &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_f89MAAAAcAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografia de la lengua Castellana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (publicada en 1754), se puede leer lo siguiente en la página 16:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la primera impresion de este Tratado se dexaron de añadir la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; que son letras propias nuestras; pero ahora, reflexionado este punto, ha parecido que sin ellas está defectuoso el Abecedario: porque ninguna de las otras representa en lo escrito el sonido que atribuimos á cada una de estas, y distinguen las voces &lt;em&gt;chasco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llanto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;año&lt;/em&gt;, especialmente quando la diversidad de las letras no consiste tanto en la figura, como en la diferencia de su pronunciacion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el abecedario tras esta corrección queda con 28 letras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hEIkL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hEIkL.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abecedario&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este cambio no se vio reflejado en el diccionario de la RAE hasta su edición de 1803. Hasta entonces, las palabras que empezaban por Ñ se mostraban al final de la sección correspondiente a la N, pero no contaban con sección propia. De hecho, si accedemos al &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt; y buscamos &quot;o&quot;, la entrada correspondiente a la edición de 1791 del diccionario dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;O. Décimaquinta letra de nuestro alfabeto [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no habiendo en este diccionario una entrada propia para la letra Ñ, que sí existe en la siguiente edición, de 1803:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ñ. Decimaséptima letra de nuestro alfabeto [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el cambio en la numeración, dado que el diccionario de 1803 fue el primero que en el que se aplicó la inclusión de la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; (cambio que la ortografía ya había contemplado medio siglo antes). De hecho, la explicación de este cambio en la forma de ordenar las palabras ocupa gran parte del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Prologo_de_la_edicion_de_1803.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prólogo de dicha edición de 1803 (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T11:17:07.493" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18869" CreationDate="2016-11-23T15:14:21.360" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez te sirva la categoría &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3IBjZKk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apreciativos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. adj. Gram. Dicho de un sufijo: Que expresa una valoración afectiva de lo denotado por el vocablo al que se une. U. m. c. s. m.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque tiene el problema de que no hay mucho acuerdo con respecto a qué son, gramaticalmente hablando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una visión, la que conocía yo, indica que son morfemas (normalmente sufijos) que agregan algún valor emotivo a otro morfema (una palabra base). Vale decir, serían otra categoría junto a los diminutivos. Por lo tanto, &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt; a veces es un diminutivo (&lt;em&gt;piedrita&lt;/em&gt;) y otras veces es un apreciativo (&lt;em&gt;amorcito&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ahora leo que hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Apreciativos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otra visión&lt;/a&gt;, parece que predominante, que agrupa a los diminutivos, aumentativos y despectivos bajo la categoría superior de apreciativos. (Si es así, entonces mi respuesta no es lo que buscas, aunque espero que en algo te sirva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una sugerencia: el diminutivo no &lt;em&gt;denota un estado de ánimo&lt;/em&gt;, sino que lo &lt;em&gt;connota&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T15:14:21.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18879" CreationDate="2016-11-23T18:11:54.420" Score="1" ViewCount="1392" Body="&lt;p&gt;Juraría que en películas y demás lo traducen por &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo demonios?&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo diablos?&lt;/strong&gt; pero no estoy seguro, ¿existe algún tipo de documentación al respecto de este tipo de frases que, traducidas literalmente, no suenan bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T07:46:09.600" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:37:58.463" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;How the hell&quot; (y otras frases similares) al castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2016-12-18T21:44:36.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12095" CreationDate="2016-11-23T18:45:23.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conocer&lt;/strong&gt;- Only used to refer to a subject on a more personal level; an aquaintance; associated with people; commonly followed by a then the subject. &#xA;Por ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conoces&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a Maria, mi hermana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saber&lt;/strong&gt;- Used to refer to a subject of which you have knowledge of but not necessarily on a personal level; associated with things; sometimes followed by de or que then the subject&#xA;Por ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de barcelona fc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it gets tricky because sometimes &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; can be used to refer to a person. &#xA;Por ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de Lionel Messi de Barcelona fc?&#xA;             Sí lo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;And sometimes conocer can be used to refer to things&#xA;Por ejemplo: Mis amigos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;conocen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la ciudad de Madrid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The determining factor is if the subject is well known to the person i.e. the person has experience with the subject as opposed to when the subject is not really connected with but just has an idea about &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14310" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T03:22:39.707" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T03:22:39.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-23T20:12:48.553" Score="4" ViewCount="1829" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Pepito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; figura en el Diccionario de la Lengua desde 1984 como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bocadillo de pan y carne&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, cambiado en 1985 a &quot;bocadillo que tiene dentro un &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;filete&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de carne&quot;, definicion que se conserva hasta la edición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SW9aQp7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;actual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ninguna de las ediciones se aclara nada sobre la etimología. ¿Alguna idea de por qué &lt;strong&gt;pepito&lt;/strong&gt; es un bocadillo de pan y carne y, más específicamente, de un &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;filete&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:57:01.747" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:57:01.747" Title="¿Por qué &quot;pepito&quot; es un &quot;bocadillo de carne&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12095" CreationDate="2016-11-23T20:16:13.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you really trying to say that he knows a little Spanish?  In a lot of colloquial situations, one might say that he &quot;speaks a little Spanish&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Él habla español un poco.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or simply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Habla español un poco.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard this a lot more than either saber or conocer for this, but you may not mean what I think you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T20:16:13.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-23T20:37:14.520" Score="3" ViewCount="2168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información sobre los &lt;strong&gt;peripatos&lt;/strong&gt; he encontrado en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://enciclopediadeanimalesvirtual.blogspot.com.es/2010/06/peripato-u-onicoforo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; información interesante, pero me ha llamado la atención la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las crías las da a luz ya nacidas, siendo blancas y valiendose por si misma desde el momento de haber nacido, ya que la madre no se pude hacer cargo de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase tiene de algún fallo de acentuacion y concordancia, pero ¿es correcta la parte inicial de &quot;Las crías &lt;strong&gt;las da a luz ya nacidas&lt;/strong&gt; ...&quot;? ¿No es &quot;dar a luz&quot; hacer que nazcan? ¿O es una figura retórica válida para recalcar que no ponen huevos o algo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14289" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:00:07.333" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T23:00:07.333" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;Las crías las da a luz ya nacidas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18874" CreationDate="2016-11-23T21:59:07.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este madrileñísimo bocado apareció en los felices años veinte en uno de los famosos cafés o templos de la tertulia que se repartían por la ciudad. Se trataba del &lt;strong&gt;Café de Fornos&lt;/strong&gt;, de la calle Alcalá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una noche uno de los clientes, que cuenta la leyenda que era el hijo del dueño del establecimiento, cansado de cenar siempre el mismo bocadillo de fiambre decidió pedir un filete de ternera entre dos panes bien crujientes. Este cliente recibía el nombre de &amp;quot;Pepito&amp;quot;. El resto de comensales absortos al ver la creación del joven, comenzaron a pedir bocadillos &amp;quot;como el de Pepito&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poco a poco fue popularizándose, y el nombre se acortó a &amp;quot;P&lt;strong&gt;epito de ternera&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. El Café de Fornos cerró sus puertas hace casi un siglo. En cambio, su plato estrella ha continuado más vivo que nunca. Echando un pulso con el famoso bocata de calamares, el pepito se coloca en la parte de arriba del ranking de las comidas madrileñas más populares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabormadrid.es/novedades/curiosidades/origen-pepito-ternera.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sabormadrid.es/novedades/curiosidades/origen-pepito-ternera.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1601" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T21:59:07.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18876" CreationDate="2016-11-24T00:14:52.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas otras páginas que hablen de estos animales, verás que en muchas se hace referencia a lo mismo: las crías nacen &quot;ya salidas del huevo&quot;, vivas y completas, pasado el período de feto o embrión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como digo, en otras páginas aparece lo mismo, así que aunque no me gusta mucho referenciarla, en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onychophora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; aparece que pueden nacer de dos formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crecer en un huevo dentro de la madre, eclosionando del huevo dentro de la madre, y entonces saliendo al exterior(&lt;strong&gt;a esto debe referirse el blog probablemente: las crías nacen -de la madre- ya nacidas -del huevo-&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De una forma vivípara normal, es decir, sin huevo, desarrollándose el feto, supongo, que no lo sé, en un órgano parecido o igual al útero de cualquier hembra vivípara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, si se lee sin contexto, en literal, es una redundancia, pero sabiendo que nacen antes de un huevo, es simplemente ahorrarse la referencia al dicho huevo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Bien es cierto que confunde y &quot;enrevesa&quot; un poco la frase, pero bueno, se puede arreglar con un poco de investigación acerca del contexto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, como apunta el compañero Jdamian en los comentarios, aunque el significado se entiende igual, la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NkAteAU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar a luz&lt;/a&gt; se debería usar solo para los humanos; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RwYmdsn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parir&lt;/a&gt; es una palabra más adecuada para el resto de los animales. Es lo mismo que usar &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;pierna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Quizás, utilizando dicha expresión el/la autor/a del blog quería enfatizar el echo del nacimiento vivíparo, o simplemente la usó de manera incorrecta... en cualquier caso, ciertamente es un uso incorrecto y está dentro del objeto de la pregunta, así que queda escrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T08:21:40.380" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:21:40.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18872" CreationDate="2016-11-24T08:37:58.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas &quot;traducción expresiones inglesas&quot; en Google te salen artículos muy interesantes, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fromspaintouk.com/2012/08/02/expresiones-inglesas-que-debes-conocer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; con más de 300 expresiones (aunque curiosamente no viene ninguna del tipo &lt;em&gt;how/what the hell&lt;/em&gt;). Lo que ya no sé es si habrá algún texto oficial de alguna escuela de traducción e interpretación que aborde el tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos centramos en &lt;em&gt;how the hell&lt;/em&gt;, en el CORDE aparecen registros de &quot;cómo demonios&quot; desde el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo demonios lo he de saber?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;Los pazos de Ulloa&quot;, España (1886)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias, amigo mío; pero ¿cómo demonios permites que te llamen Palique, teniendo tan bonito nombre?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco, &quot;La Bruja de Madrid&quot;, España (1850)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ampliamos el rango a las expresiones con &quot;qué demonios&quot; se pueden encontrar desde principios de dicho siglo. Y lo curioso es que he encontrado un texto que podría explicar por qué nosotros decimos &quot;demonios&quot; en vez de &quot;infiernos&quot; (como he visto traducido en algunos cómics):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Adónde va, señor don Quijote? ¿Qué demonios lleva en el pecho que le incitan a ir contra nuestra fe católica?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, España (1605)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto es que aquí el término &quot;demonios&quot; suena algo más literal que el figurado actual, pero como ves, la expresión se usa desde hace al menos medio milenio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:37:58.463" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18898" CreationDate="2016-11-24T09:56:46.393" Score="3" ViewCount="2155" Body="&lt;p&gt;En 1741, el abecedario del español se componía de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KA2IL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KA2IL.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abecedario español&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, la actual letra &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; minúscula se escribía entonces usando la grafía &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, había casos en los que sí se usaba la grafía &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tzZco.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tzZco.png&quot; alt=&quot;Uso de la S&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, se usaba &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; cuando va a principio de palabra o a mitad, pero a final se usa siempre la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;. En algunos casos se podía duplicar la grafía &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QL3W5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QL3W5.png&quot; alt=&quot;S doble 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en otros incluso se ponía una &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; y luego una &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bxgyj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bxgyj.png&quot; alt=&quot;S doble 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de este último grupo era la palabra &lt;em&gt;aſsí (así)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué diferencia había entre ambas grafías? ¿Por qué no estaban ambas en el abecedario, sino sólo la &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se modificaba la pronunciación en los grupos &lt;em&gt;ſſ&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ſs&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Todas las imágenes están tomadas de diferentes páginas de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/primera-ortografia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt; de 1741.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T07:54:57.573" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:18:46.873" Title="¿Qué diferencia había entre la grafía ſ y la s?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18882" CreationDate="2016-11-24T12:35:28.373" Score="1" ViewCount="5542" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to properly say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your time yesterday, we were very happy to meet you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen various ways but don't know what is the right translation...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14318" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T13:12:07.057" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T18:16:28.640" Title="How to say &quot;Thank you for your time yesterday...&quot; in correct spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18881" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:09:57.410" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish (at least in Spain) the expression &quot;gracias por tu tiempo&quot; is used in the context of business (where the very busy people are), and does not sound strange. You can even find ocurrences of that expression in the Spanish corpus since 2002. So the first part of your choice is correct: &quot;Gracias por tu tiempo ayer&quot;. Other options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias por dedicarnos tiempo ayer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias por encontrar tiempo para nosotros ayer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the second part, the verb &quot;meet&quot; can be tricky because in Spanish it can be both &quot;quedar [con alguien]&quot;, &quot;ver [a alguien]&quot; or even &quot;conocer [a alguien por primera vez]&quot;. So the translation in this case depends heavily on the context, and that's why we always ask for a context and some previous effort when asking questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that the context places the speaker in the first meeting of several people, my choices would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estuvimos encantados de conocerle/te.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos alegró mucho conocerle/te.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context will also determine if you must use &quot;conocerle&quot; or &quot;conocerte&quot;. And what's more, these sentences are valid in the Spanish from Spain. If you need translation to other variant of Spanish, you should indicate it in the tags (that's what tags are for), tagging the question with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1a&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;a&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/m%c3%a9xico&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;m&amp;#233;xico&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;m&amp;#233;xico&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1ol-neutral&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;ol-neutral&lt;/a&gt; if you don't have location restrictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T14:09:57.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18876" CreationDate="2016-11-24T15:55:08.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que entender el &lt;em&gt;sentido&lt;/em&gt; de la expresión en el contexto. Y creo que se entiende, es claro y no hay para qué ser tan quisquillosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si vamos al &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt; de las palabras, no es tan simple la cosa. (Siempre es agradable buscarle la quinta pata al gato y a eso nos dedicamos con frecuencia en este sitio). Veamos lo que dice el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QBdrkiM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nacer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. intr. Dicho de un ser vivo: Salir del vientre materno, del huevo o de la semilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NkAteAU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar a luz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. verb. Dicho de una mujer: &lt;strong&gt;parir&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RwYmdsn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. intr. Dicho de una hembra de cualquier especie vivípara: Expeler en tiempo oportuno el feto que tenía concebido. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. intr. &lt;strong&gt;aovar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=32H4rR4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aovar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. intr. Dicho de las aves y de otros animales: Poner huevos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considerando que &amp;quot;dar a luz&amp;quot; es una personificación cuando no hablamos de crías humanas, y dejando de lado las plantas, tenemos las siguientes posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si el ser vivo es vivíparo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar a luz (expeler el feto) y nacer (salir del vientre materno) ocurren siempre al mismo tiempo. Son el mismo hecho. Entonces &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, los vivíparos no pueden dar a luz crías nacidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si el ser vivo es ovíparo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar a luz (poner la hembra el huevo) no puede ocurrir antes de nacer (salir del huevo) porque, de hecho, si la cría ya salió del huevo ya no hay huevo que poner. Entonces &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, los ovíparos no pueden dar a luz crías nacidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si el ser vivo es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovoviviparidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ovovivíparo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La hembra pone un huevo y luego la cría nace (sale del huevo), pero esto ocurre &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; del cuerpo de la hembra. Posteriormente la hembra da a luz (expele el feto). Vale decir, los ovovivíparos &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; dan a luz crías que habían nacido previamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Nota: Mi postura inicial negaba la posibilidad de dar a luz crías nacidas, pero @Barbara aportó el caso de los ovovivíparos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:13:39.487" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18885" CreationDate="2016-11-24T17:18:48.963" Score="0" ViewCount="473" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the context in the book I'm reading &quot;Mirta y El viejo señor&quot; by Soler-Espiauba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bueno que encontraste un trabajo. ¿Es serio ese señor don&#xA;  Francisco? Ojo con los hombres, mi niña, que hasta viejos son todos&#xA;  igualitos. El sueldo me parece bueno, claro que seguramente allá la&#xA;  vida está más cara, tú hablas de pesetas, yo pienso en pesos, pero no&#xA;  tienes gastos adicionales de arrienda31 , ni de luz, ni de agua ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T18:03:00.737" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T18:03:00.737" Title="What does &quot;Ojo con los hombres&quot; mean in this context?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18884" CreationDate="2016-11-24T17:58:02.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ojo con&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;be careful with&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;beware of&lt;/em&gt;. So the meaning of that sentence is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Beware of men, my girl. No matter their age they're all alike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T17:58:02.590" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14963" CreationDate="2016-11-24T17:59:17.090" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta palabra &lt;strong&gt;no hay diptongo&lt;/strong&gt;, hay hiato. Repito, &lt;strong&gt;no hay diptongo&lt;/strong&gt;. Hay hiato cuando tenemos dos vocales seguidas, pero pertenecientes a distintas sílabas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ataúd&quot; tiene 3 sílabas: a - ta - úd    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando hay hiato siempre se coloca tilde en la vocal cerrada tónica, aunque con ello no se sigan las reglas generales de acentuación. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;baúl (ba-úl),&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sabía (sa-bí-a),&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  búho(bú-ho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vocales cerradas: i, u.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vocales abiertas: a, e, o.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sílaba tónica: lleva la mayor fuerza de voz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silaba átona: no lleva la mayor fuerza de voz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14321" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T07:38:01.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T07:38:01.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18829" CreationDate="2016-11-24T19:21:02.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your guest is from latin america and you want to impress him, &lt;strong&gt;do not&lt;/strong&gt; use the &lt;code&gt;&quot;He comprado queso ...&quot;&lt;/code&gt; form. Go with &lt;code&gt;&quot;Compré queso ...&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at this example. On most parts of Latin America:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Yesterday I bought cheese for your visit&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be &lt;code&gt;&quot;Compré queso para tu visita&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whereas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I've bought cheese from that store a couple times&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be &lt;code&gt;&quot;He comprado queso de esa tienda un par de veces&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt;, you should use &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt; if it's a friendly setting. But note this is not a rule, it's just your best bet. On several regions people will not always use &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt; in all friendly situations. It can depend on gender, social status, respect, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As en example look at the maps on this article. Usted is preferred also in some Colombian regions (mine included).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://revistadelenguayliteratura.com/zonas-dialectales-en-el-espanol-de-america-central-en-relacion-con-las-formas-de-tratamiento/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maps of central america by use of usted/tú/vos.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to sum up, as you clearly stated it is a dear friend who's visiting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your guest is from Spain?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡He comprado queso para tu visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your guest is from Latin America?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Compré queso para tu visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your guest is from &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santander_(Colombia)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Santander (Colombian province)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Compré queso para su visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a final note, if you want to add an extra ingredient to the informal formula, say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Compré queso pa' tu visita!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14323" LastEditorUserId="14323" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T16:30:30.773" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T16:30:30.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T20:21:45.700" Score="2" ViewCount="753" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SNxntVg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;peliagudo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pelo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;agudo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un animal: Que tiene el pelo largo y delgado, como el conejo, el cabrito, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de un negocio o de otra cosa: Difícil de resolver o entender.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas acepciones estaban ya presentes en el diccionario de autoridades. La primera acepción parece lógica dada la etimología, siendo la segunda acepción la figurada. Lo que me pregunto es: ¿cómo llegó la palabra a tener esta segunda acepción? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T17:44:06.343" Title="¿Cómo llegó a adquirir &quot;peliagudo&quot; su sentido figurado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18880" CreationDate="2016-11-25T03:26:21.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La s larga era común a todos los idiomas de Europa occidental; derivaba de la caligrafía romana y medieval y se pronunciaba exactamente igual a la s que usamos en la actualidad; como dices, se usaba la s larga al comienzo y en medio del texto, mientras que al final se usaba la s corta, y también se usaban en conjunción la s larga y la corta (lo que derivó en la ligadura ß, o &lt;em&gt;eszett&lt;/em&gt;, que aún se utiliza en alemán).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es probable que la principal, aunque tal vez no la única, razón de su declive haya sido el desarrollo de la tipografía llamada &quot;moderna&quot;: a fines del siglo XVIII, diseñadores tipográficos como Giambattista Bodoni y Firmin Didot comenzaron a descartar la s larga de sus diseños. Al ponerse estos de moda, la s larga terminó por desaparecer. En Inglaterra, por ejemplo, el impresor John Bell explicó, en una edición de Shakespeare de 1788, haber eliminado las s largas para evitar la confusión con la f y para que el texto pareciera más espaciado entre líneas (al no tener la s corta ascendentes como la s larga). Es muy probable que en España haya ocurrido lo mismo, al adoptarse los estilos tipográficos en boga y desaparecer la s larga de los tipos importados. El principal motivo por el que la s larga sobrevivió en Alemania es, seguramente, que los libros impresos en alemán, estaban, hasta no hace demasiado, compuestos mayormente en tipos góticos, que conservaron las características de la caligrafía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://typefoundry.blogspot.com.ar/2008/01/long-s.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; hay un detallado artículo (en inglés) que lo explica con más detalle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T03:26:21.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18892" CreationDate="2016-11-25T07:55:05.693" Score="7" ViewCount="1178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con la saga de preguntas basadas en la primera &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/primera-ortografia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt; de 1741, la siguiente trata sobre las posibles diferencias que había entre la C normal y la C con gancho (Ƈ), que existía por aquel entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RQaVf.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RQaVf.png&quot; alt=&quot;C con gancho&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese la forma en que se escribía &lt;em&gt;práƈticas&lt;/em&gt;. Dado que había un símbolo, la &lt;em&gt;ç&lt;/em&gt;, cuya pronunciación sí difería de la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;, me preguntaba: ¿la letra &lt;em&gt;ƈ&lt;/em&gt; tenía alguna diferencia de pronunciación con respecto a la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O era meramente una ligadura que se le ponía a la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; antes de la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T09:00:52.393" Title="¿Había en español alguna diferencia entre la Ƈ y la C?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18891" CreationDate="2016-11-25T08:52:25.523" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy del todo seguro de esto pero creo que es una explicación factible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no soy diseñador gráfico en mi trabajo hago un poco de diseño y he aprendido algunas cosas. En ciertas tipografías se utilizan ligaduras para enlazar letras con una función puramente estética y los pares de letras que normalmente llevan estas ligaduras son &lt;em&gt;fi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ft&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;st&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ct&lt;/em&gt;, puede que alguna más pero yo diría que esas son las más típicas. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zqcyc.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zqcyc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto según mi opinión la &lt;em&gt;Ƈ&lt;/em&gt; no sería mas que una &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; normal y corriente que al preceder a una &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; se enlaza con ella con esa especie de gancho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T09:00:52.393" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T09:00:52.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18918" CreationDate="2016-11-25T09:44:28.150" Score="5" ViewCount="2128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace pocos días me volví a encontrar con la expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;nice catch!&lt;/em&gt;, una vieja conocida a la que le llevo buscando traducción desde hace muchos años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se utiliza la expresión indicando que una persona ha sido capaz de atrapar con habilidad algo al vuelo. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MGC4B.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MGC4B.png&quot; alt=&quot;Nice catch!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, se usa mucho en béisbol y también en rugby, aunque yo personalmente la he visto en cómics, en situaciones en las que se atrapaba al vuelo otro tipo de objetos, e incluso personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las opciones que tengo son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buena &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4Jlhnqp&quot;&gt;atrapada&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me suena raro, y por lo que veo en la RAE se especifica que &lt;em&gt;atrapada&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo se usa solamente en Nicaragua, Puerto Rico y Venezuela (lo confirma también el diccionario de americanismos). La otra opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buena &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9fN0kXt%7C9fPzurB&quot;&gt;cogida&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suena más erótico-festiva en según qué países, y en otros parece que estás felicitando al toro por cornear al torero. Así pues, ¿hay alguna expresión igualmente compacta en español neutro que refleje esta misma idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Nota: si no se puede hallar una en español neutro, me sirve una en español de España.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:11:59.833" Title="¿Cómo se podría traducir al español neutro la expresión &quot;nice catch!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18895" CreationDate="2016-11-25T12:17:15.737" Score="7" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una herramienta de traducción de euskera que a mí me resulta muy útil e interesante, lo llaman banco terminológico, aquí el enlace: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.euskara.euskadi.eus/q91EusTermWar/kontsultaJSP/q91aAction.do?ekin=HIZKUNTZA_ALDATU&amp;amp;hizkuntza=es&amp;amp;hizkAldatua=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Euskalterm&lt;/a&gt;. Buscas una palabra y en los resultados te aparece cómo se traduce en diferentes áreas (según aplique): informática, medicina, agricultura, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene más sentido en traducciones pero también podría ser que pongas una palabra y te diga en qué ámbitos se usa y qué significado tiene dependiendo del contexto. ¿Existe algo así en español, ya sea solo español o inglés-español, que sea más o menos oficial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T09:32:34.093" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T09:32:34.093" Title="¿Hay un banco terminológico en español?" Tags="&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18894" CreationDate="2016-11-25T12:56:35.487" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Base de datos terminológica multilingüe de la Unión Europea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lenguas: las 24 de la Unión Europea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El propio &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; te indica qué acepciones pertenecen a un ámbito específico (por ejemplo, la definición de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhaZAWX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nudo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; incluye acepciones en los ámbitos de la física, informática y marina, ver acepciones 13 a 17).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.termcat.cat/es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TERMCAT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centro de terminología de la lengua catalana, pero que contiene información de otras muchas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lenguas: catalán, español, inglés y otras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://unterm.un.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UNTERM&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Base de datos de terminología de la oficina de Ginebra de las Naciones Unidas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lenguas: árabe, chino, español, francés, inglés y ruso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.termsciences.fr/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TERMSCIENCES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Portal terminológico francés para poner en común los recursos terminológicos de los organismos públicos de investigación y enseñanza superior.&#xA;Lenguas: francés, inglés, español y alemán.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T13:12:27.410" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T13:12:27.410" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-11-25T12:56:35.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18889" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:41:07.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi propuesta, sin ningún respaldo: las cosas &lt;em&gt;agudas&lt;/em&gt; termina en una punta, por lo que pinchan. Los seres con &lt;em&gt;pelos agudos&lt;/em&gt; son difíciles de tomar con las manos. Pienso en los erizos y las ortigas. (Bueno, también pienso en algunas piernas...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas situaciones que tenemos que enfrentar son como erizos. Nos cuesta decidirnos a tomarlas y cuando lo hacemos se sienten incómodas y hasta dolorosas, dan ganas de dejarlas. Una ecuación, una pregunta, la organización de mi escritorio, etc., son asuntos &quot;difíciles&quot;, como si tuvieran pelos agudos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:41:07.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18897" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-25T15:32:04.773" Score="3" ViewCount="1307" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17257/uso-de-sangrar-en-impresi%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ya se habló de que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;indentar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; e &quot;&lt;strong&gt;indentación&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; no están aceptados por la RAE y que para el sentido de desplazamiento de texto los términos correctos son &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sangrar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sangría&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, he visto que se utiliza en Oftalmología, con significados para los que parece necesario algún otro término. Así, se habla de la &lt;strong&gt;indentación escleral&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.docenciaoftalmologia.org/novedades-novedosas/indentacin-escleral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://aberracionesespanglish.blogspot.com.es/2012/03/indentacion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; o de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonometr%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tonometría de indentación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué palabra podría ser la adecuada para esos usos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14289" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T23:00:29.423" Title="¿Cuál sería una alternativa a &quot;indentación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18880" CreationDate="2016-11-25T17:43:02.133" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La ese en castellano tenía dos formas — y a veces más.  He aquí un fragmento de un libro con que estoy trabajando ahora (perdonadme que no puedo enlazároslo, porque no es de acceso abierto) que lleva &lt;em&gt;tres&lt;/em&gt; formas distintas de la letra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zBbea.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zBbea.png&quot; alt=&quot;Capit.vij.de los imenſos beneficios que fizo dios enſu encarnacion al linage humano.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, a diferencia del alemán (donde la alternación entre &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; puede/podía indicar las fronteras entre elementos en una palabra compuesta), en el castellano, simplemente se seguía, más o menos, el modelo griego.  En esa escritura, la letra &lt;em&gt;Σ&lt;/em&gt; tenía dos formas en minúscula, &lt;em&gt;σ&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ς&lt;/em&gt;.  La primera se utilizaba en toda posición &lt;em&gt;excepto&lt;/em&gt; como letra final, y pues la segunda en esa posición última.  Así que la palabra por cerdo en griego, que se pronunciaría como &lt;em&gt;sus&lt;/em&gt;, se escribía &lt;em&gt;σῦς&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero puesto en mayúscula sería &lt;em&gt;ΣΥ͂Σ&lt;/em&gt;.  La regla con letras latinas era parecida, con &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; siendo la forma principal, y &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; la forma en posición final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así la diferencia entre la &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; es, teóricamente, bastante simple y no muy diferente a la de entre &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; (después de letras con lado derecho recto y en posición inicial) y &lt;em&gt;ꝛ&lt;/em&gt; (después de las con lado derecho redondo): son dos formas gráficas de una sola letra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces, más por razones estéticas, se podía encontrar la forma &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; en el interior de una palabra, casi siempre después de la &lt;em&gt;ſ&lt;/em&gt; cuando era debida una doble &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.  En estos casos, y especialmente en letra cursiva, se podía encontrarlas ligadas, así que era frecuente ver &lt;em&gt;aſsi&lt;/em&gt; escrito como &lt;em&gt;aßi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hablando de esa doble s... En el español no precisamente muy antiguo, había dos sonidos para la &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;, uno sonoro y otro sordo.  En posición inicial o final, tenía una pronunciación sorda, como la actual, pero entrevocálicamente, salía sonora, como la &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt; de inglés o portugués.   Para representar el sonido sordo entre vocales, se usaba dos S (así muy como la &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; en la ortografía moderna).  El portugués mantiene esta diferencia tanto en su ortografía como en su pronunciación y por eso tenemos &lt;em&gt;assim&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt; con sonidos sordos, pero &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; con el valor sonoro.  Cuando el castellano perdió la distinción fonética (la fricativa alveolar sonora ya no existe en castellano como fonema, pero sigue como alófono), ya no había razón alguna por mantener la distinción ortografía, y se simplificó &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T17:43:02.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-25T20:59:37.247" Score="5" ViewCount="1157" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venom&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Venom&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A form of toxin secreted by an animal for the purpose of causing harm to another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en la página de Wikipedia correspondiente a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poison&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recoge:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The fields of medicine (particularly veterinary) and zoology often distinguish a poison from a toxin, and from a venom. Toxins are poisons produced by organisms in nature, and venoms are toxins injected by a bite or sting (this is exclusive to animals). The difference between venom and other poisons is the delivery method.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entiendo, por tanto, que mientras que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poison&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es la palabra genérica correspondiente a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bWvfiiZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veneno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sustancia que, introducida en un ser vivo, es capaz de producir graves alteraciones funcionales e incluso la muerte.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;venom&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; hace referencia exclusivamente al veneno &lt;strong&gt;que se inyecta por picadura o mordedura de un animal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas los diccionarios que he consultado traducen &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;venom&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; simplemente como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;veneno&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. ¿Hay alguna palabra que recoja mejor el matiz específico de &quot;&lt;em&gt;venom&lt;/em&gt;&quot; frente a &quot;&lt;em&gt;poison&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T23:01:39.923" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:29:28.450" Title="¿Hay una traducción adecuada de &quot;venom&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18901" CreationDate="2016-11-26T09:13:51.447" Score="5" ViewCount="1461" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6ZYahLh&quot;&gt;cacofonía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. &lt;em&gt;κακοφωνία kakophōnía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Disonancia que resulta de la inarmónica combinación de los elementos acústicos de la palabra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra que refleje el significado opuesto: palabras que combinadas suenen bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:51:38.203" Title="¿Cuál es el antónimo de &quot;cacofonía&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18900" CreationDate="2016-11-26T10:53:19.760" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H5llmUJ&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eufonía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;euphonĭa&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;εὐφωνία euphōnía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Sonoridad agradable que resulta de la acertada combinación de los elementos acústicos de las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14206" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T12:51:38.203" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:51:38.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-26T14:01:10.900" Score="8" ViewCount="6989" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Lengua aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WhTo2TW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ropa vieja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; dentro del artículo &quot;Ropa&quot; como&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Guisado de la carne y otros restos que han sobrado de la olla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WhW6HVA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ropavieja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como artículo aparte:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Cuba y Méx. Plato de la cocina criolla que se hace con carne de res cocida y luego deshilachada y sazonada con tomate y otros condimentos que se agregan al freírla ligeramente.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa_vieja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se da una descripción más amplia:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;ropa vieja&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;carne desmechada&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;carne desmenuzada&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;carne mechada&lt;/strong&gt; es una preparación a base de carne deshebrada, específicamente de la falda de la vaca, consumida sobre todo en la Comunidad de Madrid, la Región de Murcia, Andalucía, las Islas Canarias, Cuba, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Colombia, México, Costa Rica y Panamá. Existen muchas formas de preparar el plato, pues suele ser un plato derivado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para luego detallar las diferentes variantes dentro y fuera de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es ¿de dónde le viene el nombre de &lt;strong&gt;ropa vieja&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;ropavieja&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Cómo se estableció esta curiosa relación entre la ropa y la carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:56:28.220" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T07:58:53.130" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;ropavieja&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18902" CreationDate="2016-11-26T19:32:39.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Propongo un par de opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por un lado, se podría pensar en que la comida es de reaprovechamiento y que por ahí le vendría en nombre. En el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, y posteriormente en los diccionarios de la RAE, se define el término &quot;ropavejería&quot; como &quot;las tiendas donde se venden vestidos viejos, o ropas&quot;. Es decir, que era común darle a la ropa usada una segunda oportunidad, tras haber sido reacondicionada para su uso (Covarrubias decía &quot;el que vende ropas raídas y renovadas&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El símil entonces quedaría claro, si tenemos en cuenta que la &quot;ropa vieja&quot; consiste en darle a las sobras una segunda oportunidad, tras volverlas a guisar y preparar para una segunda comida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por otro lado, según se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enciclopediadegastronomia.es/recetas/carnes/vacuno/ropa-vieja.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt;, el origen tendría más bien que ver con la pinta del plato:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] es un plato de origen sefardí, y en ese idioma se llamaban &quot;handrajos&quot;, o sea, andrajos en castellano, lo que viene a ser lo mismo que &quot;ropa vieja&quot; aunque aún más gráfico, porque el aspecto que ofrece esta carne es realmente ese, de jirones, guiñapos, desgarrones, harapos, trapos rasgados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que esta segunda propuesta parece más plausible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T08:43:08.477" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T08:43:08.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18904" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18905" CreationDate="2016-11-26T21:37:22.620" Score="2" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a la canción de Timbiriche y Moderrato/Belinda que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si tu no estás, dame una razón para no morir lento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué &quot;lento&quot; y no &quot;lentamente&quot;?  ¿Será por &quot;licencia artística&quot; o regla ortográfica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-26T22:29:27.297" LastActivityDate="2016-11-27T17:05:32.120" Title="¿Por qué &quot;muriendo lento&quot; y no &quot;lentamente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18904" CreationDate="2016-11-26T23:37:27.457" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lentamente&lt;/strong&gt; es una opción perfectamente válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lento&lt;/strong&gt; es un adverbio con lo que lingüísticamente se llama &lt;strong&gt;sufijo cero&lt;/strong&gt;.  Es decir, recibe un sufijo adverbial que es en efecto nulo.  La &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua España&lt;/em&gt; (ASALE/RAE) prefiere llamarlos &lt;strong&gt;adverbios adjetivales&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;adverbios cortos&lt;/strong&gt;.  De ellos dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tienen la misma forma que los adjetivos correspondientes, pero carecen, al igual que los demás adverbios, de flexión de género y número. […] Estos nuevos adverbios se pueden coordinar on otros similares, ya que con se consideran adjetivos. (§ 30.3a)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En verdad, no es precisamente que pierdan su flexión, ni que carezcan de sufijo, aunque en el castellano moderno pueda parecerlo.  Es que es la forma neutra, que en la lengua moderna coincide completo &lt;sub&gt;(jeje)&lt;/sub&gt; con la masculina.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  De la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El latín […] también se valía de la recategorización de adjetivos de género neutro en acusativo (multum ‘mucho’ o &lt;em&gt;facile&lt;/em&gt; ‘fácilmente’) o ablativo (&lt;em&gt;raro&lt;/em&gt; ‘raramente’). El proceso general de adverbialización de adjetivos se mantuvo, con intensidad variable, en todas las lenguas románicas. La pauta era particularmente productiva en el español antiguo (§ 30.3b)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay restricciones en los adjetivos que admiten esta forma del adverbio, he aquí un resumen de las cosas más salientes de la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se documentan tanto en el español europeo como en el americano, pero poseen más vitalidad en este último (§ 30.3c).  El proceso […] está limitado a un número reducido de [los adjetivos] (§ 30.3d).  Se diferencia también de los terminados en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; en que no modifican a los adjetivos ni a los participios (§ 30.3d).  Muchos de ellos forman con el verbo un &lt;em&gt;predicado complejo&lt;/em&gt; que constituye casi una locución verbal (§ 30.3e).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con un resumen (pero ya no citando directo&lt;sub&gt;/amente&lt;/sub&gt;), también hay algunos verbos que admiten ciertos adverbios no marcados y otros que no los admiten (§ 30.3f), y muchas veces al alejar el adverbio no marcado del verbo correspondiente, se le obliga el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;.  Otros son tan extendidos que se consideran efectivamente ya adverbios propios como &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt; porque no tienen (o tiene pocas) restricciones en uso (§ 30.3h).  Si hay objeto directo, dificulta el uso del adverbio adjetival (§ 30.3i).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay, no obstante, algunas pautas que pueden favorecer el uso.  En particular, los adverbios que expresan similitud y diferencia (§ 30.3l) y los que expresan evaluación, especialmente pero no siempre positiva (§ 30.3m) y en exclamaciones o respuestas (§ 30.3o)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Compárese estos ejemplos del portugués, castellano, y asturiano, que todos han heredado el uso del neutro como adverbio: &lt;em&gt;ele trabalha só os sábados&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;él trabaja solo los sábados&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;elli trabaya solo los sábados&lt;/em&gt;.  En el portugués y castellano, es ambiguo si es que trabaja los sábados y no otros días, o si es que es él el que trabaja y no otras personas.  En el asturiano, con el sufijo neutro &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, queda claro que es adverbio y no trabaja otros días.  Si fuese que trabajara sin otros, sería &lt;em&gt;elli trabaya solu los sábados&lt;/em&gt; con el sufijo masuclino &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2016-11-27T17:05:32.120" LastActivityDate="2016-11-27T17:05:32.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-27T02:41:39.353" Score="2" ViewCount="9312" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me han saludado diciéndome eso.&#xA;Yo le he preguntado que por qué me decía eso. Y me respondió que es un saludo de México.&#xA;Y me pregunto si es verdad y qué significado tiene&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14333" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-27T06:31:39.017" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:10:05.870" Title="¿Es &quot;Hola cara de pez&quot; un saludo en México? ¿Qué significa?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-27T10:12:02.403" Score="4" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you call these three things in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;lake shore&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sea coast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;river side&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are my suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lake shore = orilla del lago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sea coast = costa de mar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;river side = lado del río&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13813" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-27T10:34:24.910" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T15:28:02.923" Title="&quot;Lake shore&quot;, &quot;sea coast&quot; and &quot;river side&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18907" CreationDate="2016-11-27T14:44:10.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, puedes usar &quot;costa&quot; para las tres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B6AEyOw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;costa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gall. o cat. &lt;em&gt;costa&lt;/em&gt;, y estos del lat. &lt;em&gt;costa&lt;/em&gt; 'lado, costado', 'costilla'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Orilla del mar, de un río, de un lago, etc., y tierra que está cerca de ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, yo usaría &quot;costa&quot; para la orilla del mar (&quot;sea coast&quot;). Para &quot;lake shore&quot; tu propuesta está bien, y para &quot;river side&quot; yo diría &quot;orilla del río&quot; o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WRvSDST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ribera&lt;/a&gt; del río&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-27T14:44:10.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-27T17:42:51.233" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've looked everywhere and I can't find what it means. The context is someone is looking for a car in a car park and says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Ahí, no es el que está al lado del señor de los avioncitos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's driving me insane!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14336" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-27T20:04:18.960" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T16:22:56.560" Title="What is &quot;señor de los avioncitos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-27T19:21:24.787" Score="2" ViewCount="753" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escribió una nota, imaginándose lo que él le hubiera respondido a ella&#xA;  si lo quisiera de verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si lo he entendido bien: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) aquí tenemos una oración completiva (con el subjuntivo (&lt;em&gt;hubiera respondido&lt;/em&gt;) causado por el verbo &lt;em&gt;imaginarse&lt;/em&gt;) y una oración condicional (&lt;em&gt;si lo quisiera de verdad&lt;/em&gt;). ¿Se puede decir que la oración condicional depende de la oración completiva? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) y una preguntita más: ¿Se puede aplicar los términos &lt;em&gt;apódosis&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;prótasis&lt;/em&gt; a las dos oraciones arriba mencionadas o solo son aplicables a las oraciones como „&lt;em&gt;Si tengo tiempo, te ayudo&lt;/em&gt;“? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T14:31:13.947" Title="Pregunta sobre relación de dependencia sintáctica (oración condicional)" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18889" CreationDate="2016-11-27T21:58:30.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Expongo mi propia teoría, que no por ello quiero decir que sea válida, para someterla a vuestro criterio (y crítica). Encuentro en el CORDE la siguiente cita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Si eso es así —dijo Sancho—, vea el señor doctor de cuantos manjares hay en esta mesa cuál me hará más provecho y cuál menos daño, y déjeme comer dél sin que me le apalee; porque por vida del gobernador, y así Dios me le deje gozar, que me muero de hambre, y el negarme la comida, aunque le pese al señor doctor y él más me diga, antes será quitarme la vida que aumentármela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Vuestra merced tiene razón, señor gobernador —respondió el médico—, y, así, es mi parecer que vuestra merced no coma de aquellos conejos guisados que allí están, porque es manjar &lt;strong&gt;peliagudo&lt;/strong&gt;. De aquella ternera, si no fuera asada y en adobo, aun se pudiera probar, pero no hay para qué.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;Segunda parte del ingenioso caballero don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, España (1615)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sensación que me da es que estamos ante un juego de palabras. Por un lado, sabemos que los conejos tienen un pelaje peliagudo, según la primera acepción. Pero el doctor le recomienda no tomarlo por ser peliagudo, pero para la salud (segunda acepción). Es posible que ya desde antes se supiera que el exceso de conejo podía provocar males en la salud de las personas que podían permitírselo, y se asociaran los alimentos de animales peliagudos con ser un asunto peliagudo para la salud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está algo cogida por los pelos (agudos) la teoría, pero no quería dejar de compartirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T13:27:12.333" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T13:27:12.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-28T07:58:56.720" Score="5" ViewCount="11279" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=046Dm60&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abecedario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;abecedarium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Serie ordenada de las letras de un idioma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cartel o libro con las letras del abecedario, que sirve para enseñar a leer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Orden alfabético.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Lista en orden alfabético.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. abecé (‖ rudimentos de una ciencia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Impr. Orden de las signaturas de los pliegos de una impresión cuando van señalados con letras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro lado define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1jcYwTh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alfabeto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;alphabētum&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. ἀλφάβητος &lt;em&gt;alphábētos&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  formado sobre ἄλφα &lt;em&gt;álpha&lt;/em&gt; 'alfa' y βῆτα &lt;em&gt;bêta&lt;/em&gt; 'beta1', nombre de las dos&#xA;  primeras letras griegas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. abecedario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Conjunto de los símbolos empleados en determinados sistemas de comunicación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que &lt;em&gt;alfabeto&lt;/em&gt; contiene todas las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;abecedario&lt;/em&gt;, más una extra referente a los símbolos de los sistemas de comunicación. Esta última acepción sería la que haría que se dijera &lt;em&gt;alfabeto morse&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;abecedario morse&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, en el CREA se puede encontrar al menos &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=0&amp;amp;texto=abecedario%20morse&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una ocurrencia&lt;/a&gt; de esta última, lo que me hace pensar que las palabras son completamente intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿son &lt;em&gt;abecedario&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alfabeto&lt;/em&gt; palabras completamente sinónimas? ¿O existe alguna situación en la que una no se pueda intercambiar por la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿cuál es la palabra que prefiere la RAE? ¿Se diría &lt;em&gt;alfabeto español&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;abecedario español&lt;/em&gt;, o depende de la región?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T21:24:41.080" Title="¿Son &quot;abecedario&quot; y &quot;alfabeto&quot; palabras completamente sinónimas?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18897" CreationDate="2016-11-28T08:10:44.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco fedorqui nos descubrió el &lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IATE&lt;/a&gt;, que nos va a venir al pelo para esta respuesta. Si ponemos &quot;indentation&quot; en su formulario y le ponemos el inglés como idioma de partida y el español como el de llegada, nos encontramos con varias opciones para traducir la palabra, según el ámbito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ciencias biológicas:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indentación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Electrónica y electrotécnica, Metalurgia y siderurgia, Ciencias de la tierra:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Huella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Informática y tratamiento de datos, Tratamiento de datos:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sangrado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Industria mecánica, Transportes:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dentado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transporte terrestre, Industria mecánica, Transportes:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muesca, escotadura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Informática y tratamiento de datos:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sangría, sangrado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ciencias biológicas:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fragosidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metalurgia y siderurgia:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corrugas, nervaduras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así tres páginas llenas de opciones. No todos estos significados tienen por qué venir recogidos en la RAE, ya que se trata de palabras y términos muy concretos de determinados campos de la ciencia. Por tanto, si en oftalmología se usa &quot;indentación&quot; para determinadas expresiones, y son de uso amplio y aceptado dentro de ese campo, no veo por qué no se habría de seguir usando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos siempre que es la RAE la encargada de recoger el uso de la expresión escrita, y no al revés. Tampoco me extrañaría que en un futuro acaben aceptando &quot;indentación&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;sangría&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, si buscas en el CREA la palabra &quot;indentación&quot;, te salen &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=0&amp;amp;texto=indentaci%F3n&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tres ocurrencias&lt;/a&gt;: dos hablan de &quot;tonómetro de indentación&quot; y una de &quot;indentación escleral&quot;. No veo por tanto necesidad de buscar una nueva palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T08:10:44.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21079" CreationDate="2016-11-28T11:07:53.657" Score="11" ViewCount="6137" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la primera &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/primera-ortografia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/a&gt; de 1741, publicada por la RAE, nos encontramos con la siguiente disposición del abecedario español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8a8gq.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8a8gq.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abecedario&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta imagen se nota la ausencia de algunas letras, siendo la más notable la de la Ñ, tratada previamente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18868/12637&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, también se echan en falta otras como la CH y la LL, vigente hasta hace relativamente poco tiempo, y la W.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que existen otras ortografías previas a esta, siendo algunas dignas de mención, como la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice:Ortografia_kastellana,_nueva_i_perfeta.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografia kastellana, nueva i perfeta&lt;/a&gt; de 1630, que describe una ortografía totalmente fonética. Sin embargo, no sé si estas propusieron algún abecedario concreto, en cuyo caso me gustaría que se incluyeran en la respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál ha sido la evolución del abecedario español a lo largo del tiempo? ¿Cuándo tuvieron lugar las inclusiones y exclusiones de letras? ¿Qué abecedarios se propusieron antes de la llegada de la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T08:52:19.703" Title="¿Cuál ha sido la evolución del abecedario español a lo largo del tiempo?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18909" CreationDate="2016-11-28T14:56:55.793" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like it was taken from the article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.revistaohlala.com/1439949-vacaciones-sonadas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Vacaciones soñadas?: cuando la playa es una pesadilla&lt;/a&gt;, published in a women's magazine from Argentina. If so, it most probably refers to someone who sells airplane-shaped kites, which are commonly sold at Argentine beaches (such as the one where the events in the article take place).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T16:22:56.560" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T16:22:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18932" CreationDate="2016-11-28T15:01:08.053" Score="4" ViewCount="518" Body="&lt;p&gt;En catalán le llamamos &lt;em&gt;llaüt&lt;/em&gt; al &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;laúd&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; español. En ambos casos la pronunciación es parecida, con un diptongo que se rompe con un signo gráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me parece curioso del caso es que lo que en el castellano se opta por utilizar una tilde para romper ese diptongo. Teniendo en cuenta las reglas de ortografía, una palabra aguda terminada en &lt;code&gt;d&lt;/code&gt; no debe llevar tilde, pero se usa para romper el diptongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En catalán, por contra, esa rotura se efectúa utilizando la diéresis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano solamente usamos la diéresis con la &lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt; y para darle sonoridad cuando no debería tenerla: &lt;code&gt;ambigüedad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;cigüeña&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lingüística&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me pregunto: ¿siempre se usó la tilde para romper diptongos? ¿Se utilizó en el pasado la diéresis o algún otro signo gráfico con esta función?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T16:20:36.567" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T16:20:36.567" Title="¿Ha usado el castellano siempre la tilde para romper diptongos?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18907" CreationDate="2016-11-28T15:28:02.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;También puedes usar &quot;orilla&quot; en los tres casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can use &quot;orilla&quot; for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14304" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T15:28:02.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18893" CreationDate="2016-11-28T15:30:39.087" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una opción válida podría ser simplemente &quot;¡Buena!&quot;. Puede usarse en varias ocasiones, transmitiendo el mismo sentimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14304" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T15:30:39.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2016-11-28T16:38:54.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este tiempo de &lt;em&gt;memes&lt;/em&gt; y tanta interconexión, continuamente surgen símbolos, imágenes para definir conceptos que ya subyacían pero que nadie se entretuvo en bautizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Últimamente se ve que se usa &lt;em&gt;fish face&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eyje2m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eyje2m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso urban dictionary ya habla de ello:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Fish%20Face&amp;amp;defid=1527046&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fish Face&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) a phrase that mutually describes a deformed face that looks similarly like a fish, though no apparent fish like features can be seen. It is often associated with one who possesses extreme greediness and disease. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) An incredibly greedy, insignificant person that leeches off others with fish like features and is disliked by most people. Approach with caution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3) A mutant freak that greatly portrays greediness and sexual disgust. Extreme greediness is often associated with the organism and insignificance. Uses saliva and spit as a self defense mechanism &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ergo puede querer decir muchas cosas. En una &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cara-de-pez.1551904/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discusión de WordReference&lt;/a&gt; dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Chile decimos &quot;andar con cara de pescado&quot; cuando alguien tiene cara de no estar disfrutando algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por ejemplo, en una reunión social o una fiesta, si en un grupo todos conversan, se divierten y ríen y hay uno que notoriamente desentona, de él se dirá que &quot;andaba o tenía cara de pescado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Argentina the usual is to say &quot;cara de pescado/pescáo&quot;, and it means that the person is ugly, not necessarily stupid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que es difícil determinar exactamente pero probablemente es una mezcla entre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fealdad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cara de no estar del todo allí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un saludo tonto sin mayor connotación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo voto por la última, lo vería como un gesto cariñoso con una pizca de maldad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T16:38:54.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2016-11-28T17:22:13.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un saludo. Tiene la intención de ser un poco gracioso sin implicar nada importante en absoluto. No es una ofensa, es simplemente una forma de saludar de manera muy informal, amistosa y graciosa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo importante acá es que el saludo no es en sí &lt;code&gt;&quot;cara de pez&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. El saludo es una formula que va así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola cara de [&lt;em&gt;algo gracioso ya sea porque es absurdo o por que es muy grosero&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de algunas variaciones que google autocomplete ofrece al escribir &lt;code&gt;Hola cara de&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola cara de bola / cola / papa / mono / moco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante señalar que un saludo así no se una para ofender a alguien, solo para ser gracioso con alguien de mucha confianza y buen sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo común entre mis amigos (somos Colombianos) es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola care' culo! (cara de -&gt; care').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la formula puede llevarse a complejidades extremas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola care' Fidel Castro en bola. (Hi naked Fidel Castro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14323" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T17:22:13.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18889" CreationDate="2016-11-28T17:44:06.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi hipótesis, sin soporte alguno, sería que se relaciona con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piel_de_gallina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la piel de gallina&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una situación me resulta muy complicada, bien podría ponerme la piel de gallina. Esto última haría que mis pelos del brazo se pusieran en punta, agudos al tacto. Puedo imaginar como en un tiempo muy antiguo la gente hizo la relación y empezó a llamar a las situaciones complicadas, peliagudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14323" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T17:44:06.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2016-11-28T19:57:20.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya publiqué un post con una respuesta pero acabo de hablar con una amiga mexicana y me propuso una alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una expresión muy vulgar en México es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=que%20pex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Qué pex&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Significa &quot;Qué pedo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opción 1: What's up?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola cara de pez = Hola &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=que%20pex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que pex&lt;/a&gt; = Hola, ¿qué pedo? = What's up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opción 2: Hola cara de pedo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola cara de pez = Hola cara de pex = Hola cara de pedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14323" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T20:14:12.227" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T20:14:12.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18938" CreationDate="2016-11-28T21:42:15.373" Score="4" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I want to say the following in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was a little bit sick last weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I use the pretérito indefinido or imperfecto?&#xA;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuve un poco enfermo el fin de semana pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba un poco enfermo el fin de semana pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It feels like I'm describing a situation in the past (imperfecto?), but &lt;code&gt;el fin de semana pasado&lt;/code&gt; feels like an indefinido. I was sick, but that's completely over...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I know what to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14051" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:42:39.977" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T08:58:28.380" Title="Pretérito indefinido vs pretérito imperfecto: ¿&quot;estaba&quot; or &quot;estuve un poco enfermo el fin de semana pasado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18924" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18928" CreationDate="2016-11-29T03:53:15.900" Score="0" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &quot;Nada menos que todo un hombre&quot; y encuentro la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arrastrando tas sí las miradas de todos, y los mozos se formian aquella noche mas tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo comprender lo que significa. Traté de usar un traductor y preguntar a mis compañeros, pero nadie en la clase puede comprenderla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14349" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T07:14:51.497" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T08:51:46.860" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;Arrastrando tas sí las miradas de todos, y los mozos se formian aquella noche mas tarde&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18923" CreationDate="2016-11-29T03:55:37.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saying &quot;I was a little bit sick last weekend&quot; has a definite end. Therefore, you should use the pretérito indefinido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14349" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T03:55:37.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18924" CreationDate="2016-11-29T06:07:06.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Puede ser una errata, y en vez de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;formían&lt;/strong&gt; ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dormían&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? En ese caso sería el pretérito imperfecto del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E9e9ZKl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dormir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. ¿Tiene eso sentido en el contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14346" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T06:07:06.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18899" CreationDate="2016-11-29T07:49:45.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que no hay una traducción exacta. El idioma español llega hasta la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aB74oqG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;toxina&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;veneno producido por organismos vivos&quot;. Sin embargo, la distinción entre una toxina cualquiera y una toxina inyectada ya no existe en nuestro idioma. El problema añadido es que el término &quot;venom&quot; tiene el mismo origen latino que &quot;veneno&quot;, y por tanto nos resulta sencillo quedarnos con esta palabra para describir cualquier tipo de veneno, sea cual sea su método de introducirse en el organismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IATE&lt;/a&gt; la traducción oficial de &quot;venom&quot; es &quot;veneno&quot;. Por tanto veo complicado encontrar una traducción mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te resulta complicado traducir frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are there any animals that are both poisonous and venomous?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como la de la pregunta que enlazas, yo lo haría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Existen animales que produzcan toxinas tanto inyectables como secretables o ingeribles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, haría hincapié en el método de producción (o expulsión) de dicha toxina o veneno. Tu otro ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is poison venomous and is venom poisonous?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo traduciría así una vez leído el contenido de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Surten efecto los venenos ingeribles si se inyectan? ¿Y los inyectables si se ingieren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T07:49:45.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18924" CreationDate="2016-11-29T08:51:46.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el enlace de fedorqui, el texto parece ser el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fama de la hermosura de Julia estaba esparcida por toda la comarca que ceñía a la vieja ciudad de Renada; era Julia algo así como su belleza oficial [...]. Los viejos se entristecían al verla pasar, arrastrando tras de sí las miradas de todos, y los mozos se dormían aquella noche más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, los viejos se quedaban mirando a Julia al verla pasar (&quot;arrastraba tras de sí sus miradas&quot;, como si Julia tuviera un poder de atracción sobre los ojos de los viejos, que no podían evitar mirarla). Y por otro los jóvenes (&quot;mozos&quot;) se quedaban pensando en ella al irse a la cama, y por eso se dormían más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente el problema sea un error en la transcripción que estás leyendo, pero explico las frases por si acaso tenías alguna duda más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T08:51:46.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18893" CreationDate="2016-11-29T11:49:28.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una frase que se utiliza en muchas situaciones. En su sentido figurado se refiere a que algo se ha hecho bien o realizado de una manera inteligente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varias propuestas según la situación serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Bien visto! // ¡Bien! // ¡Genial! - Si se utiliza, por ejemplo, cuando alguien se da cuenta de alguna cosa que el resto de personas no habían tenido en cuenta. Ejemplo específico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Me he dado cuenta de que teníamos &lt;em&gt;este error concreto&lt;/em&gt; en el planteamiento del problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡Bien visto! // ¡Bien! // ¡Genial!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Buena! - Otro caso concreto es el que expones en tu pregunta, cuando se atrapa algo &lt;em&gt;literalmente&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, cuando nos tiran una pelota y se atrapa de una manera elegante o sorprendente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchísimos otros casos según la situación, está claro, pero veo importante diferenciar entre su significado &lt;strong&gt;literal&lt;/strong&gt; y su significado &lt;strong&gt;abstracto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14351" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:52:39.037" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:52:39.037" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18930" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pretérito perfecto simple (también llamado pretérito absoluto, pretérito indefinido, perfecto simple, pasado simple, pretérito perfecto absoluto,1 pasado, indefinido y pretérito) es un tiempo absoluto de aspecto perfectivo, pues la acción enunciada se considera terminada o de modo global.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pret%C3%A9rito_perfecto_simple&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18931" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" Score="0" Body="Pretérito perfecto simple (o pretérito absoluto, pretérito indefinido, perfecto simple...)" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:50:34.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18916" CreationDate="2016-11-29T13:01:46.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es difícil dar una respuesta orientada al &quot;no&quot;, pero allá voy. He buscado en el CORDE ocurrencias en textos del siglo XV de palabras que contengan la &lt;em&gt;ï&lt;/em&gt;. Casi todo lo que he encontrado son ocurrencias en textos de poesía. Ninguna ocurrencia en algún texto en prosa que pueda inducir a pensar que en tiempos se usara la diéresis. Lo mismo para el grupo &lt;em&gt;aü&lt;/em&gt; y otros, todos en poesía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego busqué particularmente &quot;laúd&quot;, &quot;laud&quot; y &quot;laüd&quot; en textos hasta 1600, con las siguientes ocurrencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Laúd: 114 ocurrencias en 45 documentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Laud: 52 ocurrencias en 27 documentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Laüd: 1 ocurrencia en 1 documento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta ocurrencia de &quot;laüd&quot; es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los bienes que fueron secrestados por de Lope Caluca y su hermano, Sevastián, vezinos de Pataura, que se pasaron aliende en XXVI de abril de MDLXIII años. Los quales fueron secrestados por Juan Gonçalez Castrejón, capitán de Motril, son los siguientes. Ante Hernán Rruiz escrivano público de Motril. Bienes muebles de los dichos Lope Caluca y Sevastián Caluca: Un colchón de tascos, viejo. Dos almohadas de lienço, llenas de atocha. Una arquilla, pequeña, vazía. Un arca grande, vieja, vazía. Un sayo azul, viejo. Una estera de junco, vieja. Una sábana de lienço. Otro colchón viejo. Una colcha vieja. Un &lt;strong&gt;laüd&lt;/strong&gt; morisco, viejo, quebrado. Dos puertas de madera. Los quales dichos bienes se depositaron en poder de Hernando Azara, vezino de la villa de Motril e los rreçibió e se obligó en forma ante el dicho Hernán Rruiz, escrivano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Inventario de bienes [Inventarios de bienes moriscos del Reino de Granada]&quot;, España (1563).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era un documento notarial, así que de poesía poca. Ignoro por qué escribió &quot;laüd&quot; con diéresis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, buscando textos que contengan la propia palabra &quot;diptongo&quot; a una distancia cercana de palabras como &quot;acento&quot; o &quot;tilde&quot;, me encuentro con este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si compusiéramos verso i quisiéramos que la palabra Dios, que sólo tiene una sílaba, se desatase en dos por la diéresis, escriviríamos assí, Dïòs. Los dos puntos entonces denotarían la división del diftongo, i el acento sobrepuesto a la ò que la final es larga a diferencia del pretérito díos, cuya i es aguda, i la final, breve.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gregorio Mayans y Siscar, &quot;Abecé español&quot;, España (c 1723)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vuelta a las referencias a la poesía, pero nada al respecto de la prosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T13:54:39.960" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T13:54:39.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19576" CreationDate="2016-11-29T21:50:03.727" Score="3" ViewCount="2406" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi hijo está empezando a divertirse con el lenguaje. Ahora le ha dado por cambiar las vocales de algunas palabras, de modo que le hace gracia cómo suenan. La última ha sido decir &quot;Papá Noól&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que me recuerda a esas canciones que consisten en cantar un estribillo, como &quot;tengo una hormiguita en la patita&quot; y luego repetir la frase usando siempre la misma vocal: &quot;tanga ana harmagata an la patata&quot;. Recuerdo que de pequeño nos reíamos mucho con esa canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿existe alguna palabra para designar al hecho de cambiar las vocales de una palabra por diversión? Bueno, por diversión, por forzar una rima graciosa, o lo que sea. Puede que exista alguna figura poética similar, o algo así. Pensaba en palabras como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WLgrFgS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;retruécano&lt;/a&gt;, que designan un tipo de juego con las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T01:34:10.370" Title="Palabra para designar al juego de cambiar las vocales de palabras" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18935" CreationDate="2016-11-29T23:49:16.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues sí, en mi país también se hace eso. Bueno, lo hacíamos más las generaciones anteriores, éstas ya no mucho. De hecho, hay una canción en mi país que es de alguien famoso para mi país, Aniceto Molina, que usa ese lenguaje. Pues me puse a buscar porque me interesó tu pregunta y no sé si estoy mal, pero me suena algo a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juegosdepalabras.com/vocales/monovocal.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Palabras Monovocalicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13334" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T01:28:27.277" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T01:28:27.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18923" CreationDate="2016-11-30T20:29:08.110" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you noted &lt;code&gt;estuve&lt;/code&gt; indicates the action is over. &lt;code&gt;estaba&lt;/code&gt; indicates the action is over or &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;In this context is totally irrelevant which form you use. &#xA;I personally would use &lt;code&gt;estaba&lt;/code&gt; which is a much more simpler and common form to indicate a single past action. Specially when you don't include another past action in the same context that needs to be prioritize by time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T20:29:08.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18912" CreationDate="2016-11-30T20:36:39.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal como indicas:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;code&gt;abecedario&lt;/code&gt; es un alfabeto solo relativo a las letras latinas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;code&gt;abecedario morse&lt;/code&gt; sería correcto si los símbolos morse tienen una correspondencia directa con letras latinas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;code&gt;abecedario árabe&lt;/code&gt; sería un uso incorrecto, ya que no hay correspondencia directa con las letras latinas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- En un término genérico se podría decir que el abecedario es un alfabeto de letras latinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T20:36:39.637" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18338" CreationDate="2016-11-30T20:49:28.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;es total&lt;/em&gt; es bastante regional en España (¿solamente en Castilla-León y Madrid?) y no se usa de forma amplia aunque sí es nacionalmente reconocido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pienso que &lt;em&gt;es total&lt;/em&gt; se usa como un tipo de forma abreviada y coloquial del adverbio de cantidad o grado &lt;em&gt;totalmente&lt;/em&gt;. De forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese niño es total&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ese niño es (totalmente) (inteligente, travieso, guapo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También me recuerda al uso de &lt;em&gt;es lo más&lt;/em&gt;, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese niño es lo más&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ese niño (es lo más) (gracioso) (que he visto en mi vida)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T23:13:28.533" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T23:13:28.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18686" CreationDate="2016-11-30T20:53:53.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el origen de la metáfora &quot;beber los vientos&quot; procede, según Julio Cejador y Frauca en su Historia de la lengua y literatura castellana (1915), de los perros de caza venteadores, que, al olfatear el aire, parece como si lo estuvieran bebiendo.&#xA;  Antiguamente se decía también &quot;beber los vientos y los elementos&quot;, cosa ya un tanto más difícil de comprender, si la metáfora deriva del lenguaje venatorio. La cita más antigua es del maestro Gonzalo Correas en su obra Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales y otras formas comunes de la lengua castellana, que es obra del primer tercio del siglo XVII y lo explica así: &quot;beber los vientos y los elementos: dícese de un enamorado, bebe los vientos por fulano, y del que anda en pretensión que mucho desea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beber_los_vientos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beber_los_vientos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T20:53:53.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7007" CreationDate="2016-12-01T00:39:03.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard (and seen on subtitles):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Yo he oído (y visto en subtítulos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué diablos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué rayos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on American movie / TV show DVDs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;en DVDs de películas y programas de televisión americanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T09:50:25.343" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T09:50:25.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T02:36:09.210" Score="1" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the Spanish slang word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;karateca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mean? I've already tried to look at other sites however they do not know either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14362" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T08:51:42.033" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T12:04:15.493" Title="What does &quot;karateca&quot; mean in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-03T22:58:40.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18943" CreationDate="2016-12-01T05:52:17.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Diccionario de la Lengua Española available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; defines &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mg7ESDy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;karateca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Persona que practica el kárate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, online Spanish-English dictionaries like &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; translate &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/karateca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;karateca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) karate expert (m)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2) karate expert (f) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No slang here - just look at a dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14346" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T05:52:17.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18960" CreationDate="2016-12-01T10:34:09.420" Score="4" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué formas de apelativo se usan entre criminales/presuntos delincuentes y la policía/interrogadores?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I’ve been reviewing the various forms of address throughout Latin America.  Most of it seems pretty straightforward (except for when it isn’t such as certain pockets where it differs from the norm).  None of it really compelled me to post a question here, but tonight I was watching the latest episode of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_Minds&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Criminal Minds&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – the episode titled “Mirror Image.”  And, as happens in almost every episode, an agent interrogates an “unsub” (aka suspect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular episode made me think of forms of address because I also happened to recently read somewhere that criminals don’t use formal address when in the midst of a crime, so don’t expect to hear, “Por favor, déme usted su cartera, señor/señora,” if someone is trying to take your money.  Understandable.  But tonight’s &lt;em&gt;Criminal Minds&lt;/em&gt; episode made me wonder what form of address law enforcement uses with a criminal or suspected criminal and even beyond that, what professional interrogators use in Latin American countries (especially since in this episode an agent has to interrogate/interview someone who is pretending to be her brother).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a standard protocol to begin with &quot;usted&quot;&quot; rather than &quot;tú?&quot;  Or does it just depend on the situation?  Is there anyone with firsthand/secondhand experience who can shed some light on this?  Or someone who’s watched a lot of Latin American/Spanish-language crime shows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have skimmed through the following publication:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://usir.salford.ac.uk/30671/2/Gallai_PhD_Text_and_Appendices.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understanding Discourse Markers in Interpreter-Mediated Police Interviews&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is a very interesting read and it does touch on this subject somewhat, but it doesn’t directly/specifically answer my question other than to say that first names are often used to build rapport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate any insight – personal experience or otherwise – you can provide on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente he estado reexaminando las diferentes formas de apelativo por Latinoamérica.  La mayoría de ello parece bastante sencillo (excepto para cuando no es tal como algunos focos donde difiera de la norma).  Nada de ello me impulsó a publicar una pregunta aquí, pero esta noche estaba mirando el último episodio de Criminal Minds – el episodio titulado, “Mirror Image.”  Y, como pasa en casi cada episodio, un agente interroga un “sudes” (aka sospechoso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este particular episodio me hizo pensar en formas de apelativo porque también pasé leer recientemente en algún lugar que criminales no usan apelativo formal cuando en medio de un crimen, así que no espere oír, “Please, give me your wallet, sir/ma’am,” si alguien está intentando tomar su dinero.  Entendible.  Pero el episodio de &lt;em&gt;Criminal Minds&lt;/em&gt; esta noche me hizo preguntarme qué forma de apelativo la policía usa con un criminal o presunto delincuente e incluso más allá, qué forma de apelativo interrogadores usan en países Latinoaméricanos (especialmente desde en este episodio un agente tiene que interrogar/entrevistar alguien que se pretende ser su hermano.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un protocolo estándar comenzar con “usted” en lugar de “tú?”  ¿O sólo depende en la situación?  ¿Hay alguien con experiencia de primera o segunda mano que puede arrojar alguna luz en esto?  ¿O alguien que ha visto muchos programas de crímenes de Latinoamérica/en el idioma español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He desnatada por la siguiente publicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://usir.salford.ac.uk/30671/2/Gallai_PhD_Text_and_Appendices.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understanding Discourse Markers in Interpreter-Mediated Police Interviews&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es una lectura muy interesante, y toca en este tema en alguna medida, pero no respuesta directamente/específicamente mi pregunta aparte de decir que apellidos se usan a menudo construir compenetración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprecio cualquier información – experiencia personal o de lo contrario – puede proveer en este tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T10:45:06.503" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T18:40:29.370" Title="What forms of address are used between criminals/suspected criminals and law enforcement/interrogators?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15667" CreationDate="2016-12-01T15:37:32.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una vez oí en &quot;La Tremenda Corte&quot; que &quot;fu&quot; se refiere a &quot;fulastre&quot; (=malo) y &quot;fa&quot; a &quot;fabuloso&quot;, es decir, algo ni bueno ni malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T15:37:32.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18943" CreationDate="2016-12-01T17:28:25.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Person who practices karate, no matter what style or skill level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10778" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T17:28:25.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19081" CreationDate="2016-12-02T00:39:34.613" Score="3" ViewCount="424" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to translate into Spanish the difference between &quot;in fact&quot; and &quot;in deed&quot;? &#xA;I have the impression that &quot;in fact&quot; translates as &quot;de hecho&quot;, but then, how to translate &quot;in deed&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edits: &#xA;To put it in simpler terms, how to translate the difference between &quot;fact&quot; and &quot;deed&quot; into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you Jdamian, but, again, I wish to highlight the difference between &quot;in fact&quot; and &quot;in deed&quot; (or between a &quot;fact&quot; and a &quot;deed&quot;) that exists in English, yet that translation that you point out translates &quot;indeed&quot; (and not &quot;in deed&quot;) as &quot;efectivamente&quot;, which refers to the word &quot;fact&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, mdewey, I mean the less common phrase &quot;in deed&quot; (in contrast to &quot;indeed&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14373" LastEditorUserId="14373" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T22:18:38.617" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T22:43:58.120" Title="&quot;In fact&quot; and &quot;in deed&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18943" CreationDate="2016-12-02T11:41:26.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentinian here. It might be figurative speaking, in Spanish it's used a lot. We usually use those words to point out certain characteristics of a person's behavior or looks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: a person who likes to fight and does so in a weird looking manner we could call him a &quot;karateca&quot; because he moves like he is practicing a martial art. (We tend to pigeon-hole a lot too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example: Here in Argentina we use the word &quot;ninja&quot; referring to those characteristics, we could also use the word &quot;ninja&quot; to talk about a person who has Asian-looking face when he is clearly not an Asian descendant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12577" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T12:04:15.493" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T12:04:15.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18951" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-02T13:18:40.417" Score="1" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are &lt;em&gt;disculpe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;perdón&lt;/em&gt; 100% interchangeable? If not, when should I use one versus another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I accidentally bumped someone as I walked by them would I say &quot;Disculpe&quot;, &quot;Perdón&quot;, or just &quot;Lo siento&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9254" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T15:44:20.020" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T10:57:53.280" Title="When to use &quot;disculpe&quot; instead of &quot;perdón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-04T13:56:38.677" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2016-12-02T13:36:50.070" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Disculpe&quot; is used more when you want to ask something.  If you want to be polite, talking to someone you don't know you can say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Disculpe, me podría decir la hora, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-Sorry, could you tell me, please, what time is it?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say it too with &quot;Perdón&quot; or &quot;Perdone&quot; instead of &quot;Disculpe&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo siento&quot; is allways to apologize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14376" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T13:36:50.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18957" CreationDate="2016-12-02T22:38:40.207" Score="0" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone tell me what this misspelled Spanish says?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vy a impizar ha ablar mel io tamben i nu ti vas a intirar de na&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13929" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T21:30:43.047" Title="Translateing misspelled Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18955" CreationDate="2016-12-02T23:43:55.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it says: &quot;Voy a empezar a hablar mejor también tu no te vas a enterar de nada&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English i think this a suitable translation:&quot;I´m going to start speaking better, also you are not going to know it&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13345" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T21:30:43.047" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T21:30:43.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18955" CreationDate="2016-12-02T23:59:42.313" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it says: &quot;Voy a empezar a hablar mal yo también y no te vas a enterar de nada&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14382" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T23:59:42.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18949" CreationDate="2016-12-03T17:35:01.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't think right now in a spanish phrase you could use universally as it seems you can use &lt;strong&gt;in deed&lt;/strong&gt; in english. It depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking the example of the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/63089/indeed-in-deed-indid-in-did&quot;&gt;referenced in the comments&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is beautiful in deed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... as a reference to her actions, you could translate it, depending on the context, as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Ella) Es buena persona.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Ella) Es buena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es buena por dentro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es una persona responsable.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hace buenas obras.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many others including specific phrases and variations only used in certain countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, maybe someone can correct me, but I don't think such an universally correct phrase exists in spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are some other general phrases that could be used depending on the context, f.i. the one the user chapelo noted, &lt;em&gt;en hechos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;en acciones&lt;/em&gt;, but it would sound &lt;strong&gt;really&lt;/strong&gt; weird in so many contexts... like trying to translate &lt;em&gt;She is beautiful in deed&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: I'm thinking that other phrases you could use would be &lt;strong&gt;en la práctica&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;de facto&lt;/strong&gt;. I'd just specify that both phrases are commonly used to separate what really happens(or &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt;) from what are supposed to happen in theory(or &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I know that &lt;strong&gt;de facto&lt;/strong&gt; is usually translated as &lt;strong&gt;de hecho&lt;/strong&gt;, but I'm not that sure we use it that way in spanish apart from when it's used as a legal term, which is widely used. Maybe someone else could clarify this last one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T10:33:59.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18945" CreationDate="2016-12-03T18:40:29.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como normal general se usa &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; y sus formas verbales p. ej. &lt;code&gt;podría&lt;/code&gt;, cuando no existe una relación personal cercana o existe cierta formalidad en la conversación. Sin embargo en varios países de Latinoamérica se usa en exceso el &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; en cualquier clase de conversación, incluso de una madre a un hijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese también que en la mayoría de los casos no se usa directamente el pronombre &lt;code&gt;usted/ustedes&lt;/code&gt; pero sus formas verbales o las partículas &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; en vez de &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; para verbos transitivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la situación específica que se comenta. Un ladrón en México le podría perfectamente decir &lt;code&gt;¡Deme (usted) el bolso!&lt;/code&gt; en vez de &lt;code&gt;¡Dame (tu) el bolso!&lt;/code&gt;. Pero no así en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la relación con los cuerpos de seguridad o cualquier otro profesional donde no se tenga una relación personal cercana, es muy probable que solo se use las formas de &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T18:40:29.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18912" CreationDate="2016-12-03T20:14:14.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que depende de lo que busques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas lo &quot;correcto&quot;, pues sería ceñirse a la definición de la RAE, y como has dicho, la palabras son totalmente intercambiables excepto para definir símbolos de otros sistemas de comunicación (entiendo que se refiere a aquellos sistemas de comunicación que no sean estrictamente lenguajes hablados y/o escritos, como por ejemplo los símbolos de un pentagrama o el morse), aún cuando alguien la haya usado de otra manera ocasionalmente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En el resto de casos, sea cual sea el lenguaje y su procedencia, las dos palabras serían intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas lo que se usa, desde luego yo no usaría &lt;em&gt;abecedario&lt;/em&gt; para definir los símbolos del japonés, coreano, chino, árabe, el &lt;em&gt;alfabeto&lt;/em&gt; cirílico, jeroglíficos egipcios, cuneiforme, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Todos ellos por una razón muy básica: no tienen ni a, ni be, ni ce. Parece un juego de palabras tonto y es un razonamiento muy simplón, pero es que lo dice la misma palabra y, ahondando un poco, tiene mucho que ver con lo que apunta Veilkrand de la herencia latina.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien es cierto que tampoco usaría alfabeto para referirme a los &lt;em&gt;kanjis&lt;/em&gt; japoneses, creo que sonaría mucho mejor que usar abecedario. Y para otros lenguajes no basados en el alfabeto latino y otros sistemas de comunicación, pues yo creo que a cada uno el uso y costumbre les ha dado su propio nombre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Volviendo al pentagrama como ejemplo, yo he oído y leído la expresión &quot;alfabeto musical&quot;, pero casi siempre sin referirse a las notas como símbolos sino a las herramientas armónicas y melódicas que se usan en una pieza musical (escalas, cadencias, algo así como referirse al estilo narrativo en vez de a las propias letras), y aún así, está muy lejos de ser de uso común, mientras que, por ejemplo, &quot;las notas musicales&quot; se oye y lee continuamente. Lo mismo ocurre con muchos otros, en los que alfabeto es una palabra que, simplemente, no se usa (o por lo menos yo la he escuchado poco).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Supongo que la herencia latina, o el uso reiterado de ambas palabras para referirse a un lenguaje per sé, ha ganado la partida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorDisplayName="user14029" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T21:24:41.080" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T21:24:41.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18962" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19041" CreationDate="2016-12-03T23:52:46.897" Score="5" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;&quot;hemicular&quot;&lt;/em&gt; appears in Google's corpus of Spanish language pages on just a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22hemicular%22&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;single occasion&lt;/a&gt; (a 2009 news article.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, it looks to be an adjective modifying &quot;línea&quot;, with a medical meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonce_word&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nonce word&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the word were taken up in more widespread use, how might Spanish writers/speakers use the adjective &quot;hemicular&quot;, outside a medical context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if that question may possibly be determined by its etymological roots.  Is this word related to &lt;em&gt;hémico&lt;/em&gt; (equivalent to the English &lt;em&gt;hemic&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;of or relating to the blood or the circulatory system&quot;) ... or is it rather composed of the two Latin roots &lt;em&gt;&quot;hemi-&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (half) + &lt;em&gt;&quot;-culum&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (a diminutive or instrumental suffix)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its possible root &lt;em&gt;hemiculo&lt;/em&gt; appears in another medical context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En forma pràctica se debe tomar el D1: si es positivo nuestro eje elèctrico se encuentra en el hemiculo izquierdo y si es negativo en el hemicirculo derecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://html.rincondelvago.com/electrocardiografia-normal-y-patologico.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page&lt;/a&gt; about electrocardiography.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case, I find it curious that the left (izquierdo) usage appears as &lt;em&gt;hemiculo&lt;/em&gt;, but the right (derecho) is referred to as &lt;em&gt;hemicirculo&lt;/em&gt;.  Is this a word simply prone to errors/typos, or is there a meaningful spelling distinction?  The evidence grows this is strictly a medical term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14389" LastEditorUserId="14389" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T02:48:56.573" LastActivityDate="2020-11-13T09:47:07.117" Title="Is &quot;hemicular&quot; a coinage or nonce word in Spanish? Or a medical term? (And what of its etymological roots?)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13276" CreationDate="2016-12-04T02:13:13.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;I believe in you&quot; in Puerto Rican. You have to remember Puerto Rican is the slang language of Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14390" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T02:13:13.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18965" CreationDate="2016-12-04T05:16:58.703" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English with have this stucture (En inglés tenemos esta estructura gramatical):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To... is to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example (Por ejemplo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To love another person is to see the face of God. - Victor Hugo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does this structure made in Spanish? (¿Cómo se construye esta estructura en español?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular I want to say in an essay (En particular, quiero decir para un ensayo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To not actively prohibit alcohol is to allow drunk driving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Ok, this was originally in French (Bueno, esto viene originalmente del francés): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pour aimer une autre personne, c'est de voir le visage de Dieu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14391" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T09:10:34.973" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T09:10:34.973" Title="How to translate the English structure &quot;To... is to...&quot; as in &quot;To love another person is to see the face of God&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18964" CreationDate="2016-12-04T09:44:27.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using the structure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To... is to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all you are using the form &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;infinitive&amp;gt; + is + &amp;lt;infinitive&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and we have the same structure in Spanish: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;infinitive&amp;gt; + es + &amp;lt;infinitive&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. As so, the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To love another person is to see the face of God. - Victor Hugo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be translated into Spanish as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Amar&lt;/em&gt; a otra persona &lt;em&gt;es ver&lt;/em&gt; la cara de Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I googled a little and found out that people tend to translate the sentence using &quot;rostro&quot; instead of &quot;cara&quot; (it sounds more poetic), so better say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amar a otra persona es ver el rostro de Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following on this, to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To not actively prohibit alcohol is to allow drunk driving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can directly say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No prohibir el [consumo de] alcohol es permitir que se conduzca borracho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last part can have different options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;es permitir que se conduzca borracho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;es permitir conducir borracho&lt;/em&gt; - I don't like using two infinitives together.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;es permitir que haya conductores borrachos&lt;/em&gt; - it says &quot;it allows having drunk drivers&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-04T10:02:10.070" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T10:02:10.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18949" CreationDate="2016-12-04T10:25:32.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I read the question I thought of the congregation in an Anglican church reciting the general confession where they speak of having sinned 'in thought, word and deed'. The fact that the first example I could think of was from language from centuries ago suggests that this is an uncommon, almost archaic, usage. However it also suggests that searching for parallel phrases might help and I find that there are spiritual websites which speak of &lt;em&gt;pensamiento, palabra y acción&lt;/em&gt;. Since most of the other usages of deed apart from a legal one could be translated as actions I think this could be the best option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T10:25:32.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18968" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19056" CreationDate="2016-12-04T14:38:23.633" Score="4" ViewCount="6223" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2016/11/30/actualidad/1480504948_770791.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Epidemia de terror urbano&lt;/a&gt; sobre la inseguridad y criminalidad en ciudades de América Latina en el periódico español El País, así como la dificultad de atajarlo. En él me topé con el siguiente fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La solución requerirá tiempo. A su alrededor se acumulan grandes palabras: educación, redistribución, enfoques integrales. “&lt;strong&gt;No hay bala de plata&lt;/strong&gt; y depende de si los países tienen una tasa alta o baja de criminalidad, pero desde luego la inversión social y reducir la impunidad ayudan”, indica el profesor Marcelo Bergman. “Hay que cuidarse del populismo penal, la mano dura y la tolerancia cero. Quien promete remedios a corto plazo no es creíble. Pero tampoco hay que resignarse: el esfuerzo social colectivo puede lograr resultados drásticos en 5 o 10 años”, explica Schedler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, destaco la expresión &lt;em&gt;bala de plata&lt;/em&gt;, pues es la que me sorprendió. Su significado parece claro: remedio infalible, solución definitiva. Sin embargo, nunca la había oído mencionar y me encuentro con que la Wikipedia recoge en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala_de_plata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo homónimo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según algunas leyendas, cuentos y tradiciones, una bala de plata es el único tipo de munición para un arma de fuego que resultaría efectiva para matar a hombres lobo y vampiros, entre otras criaturas fantásticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego sigue hablando de que a la plata históricamente se la ha considerado poseedora de propiedad místicas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que el artículo usa este significado. Sin embargo, me pregunto: ¿es siempre así? ¿tiene siempre esta significación mística/mítica? ¿en qué ámbitos y países se usa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T10:40:25.577" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;bala de plata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18971" CreationDate="2016-12-04T14:45:04.413" Score="3" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble understanding this passage below (from the book &lt;em&gt;Primavera en una Esquina Rota&lt;/em&gt;, by Mario Benedetti). For context, the narrator is a little girl, assumed 6-10 years old. She's the daughter of a political prisoner and a woman named Graciela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A specific action or behavior by her mother triggers the reaction of calling her mother &quot;Ella&quot;. What action/behavior is this? Also, she seems to have a mood whenever it happens, is this what &quot;alunada&quot; means? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo estuviera presa, me gustaría que dos de mis muñecas, la Toti y la Mónica, fueran también presas&#xA;  políticas. Porque a mí me gusta dormirme abrazada por lo menos a la Toti. A la Mónica no tanto,&#xA;  porque es muy gruñona. Yo nunca le pego, sobre todo para darle ese buen ejemplo a Graciela. Ella me ha pegado pocas veces, pero cuando lo hace yo quisiera tener muchísima libertad.&#xA;  Cuando me pega o me rezonga yo le digo Ella, porque a ella no le gusta que la llame así. Es&#xA;  claro que tengo que estar muy alunada para llamarla Ella. Si por ejemplo viene mi abuelo y me&#xA;  pregunta dónde está tu madre, y yo le contesto Ella está en la cocina, ya todo el mundo sabe&#xA;  que estoy alunada, porque si no estoy alunada digo solamente Graciela está en la cocina. Mi&#xA;  abuelo siempre dice que yo salí la más alunada de la familia y eso a mí me deja muy contenta.&#xA;  A Graciela tampoco le gusta demasiado que yo la llame Graciela, pero yo la llamo así porque&#xA;  es un nombre lindo. Sólo cuando la quiero muchísimo, cuando la adoro y la beso y la estrujo y&#xA;  ella me dice ay chiquilina no me estrujes así, entonces sí la llamo mamá o mami, y Graciela se&#xA;  conmueve y se pone muy tiernita y me acaricia el pelo, y eso no sería así ni sería tan bueno si yo&#xA;  le dijera mamá o mami por cualquier pavada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T00:34:42.870" Title="Why does this child treats her mother like that?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18968" CreationDate="2016-12-04T15:40:00.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El misticismo y los hombres lobo se encuentran en el origen de la frase, hoy en día nadie va a usarla con esas connotaciones (siempre hay excepciones, por supuesto, si cuentas el número de flipad... perdón, personas, que crean que existen hombres lobo, seguramente tendrás un número aproximado de las excepciones), simplemente se usará con el significado obvio que tú ya apuntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en España no es de uso común, sino más bien poético. Yo desde luego jamás la he oído, solo la he leído y siempre con esa intención de embellecer, o exagerar, para la cual se usan este tipo de frases raras, antiguas o poéticas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En cuanto a los ámbitos, pues es que realmente no hay ninguno específico, es muy general, parecida a la típica &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RcxGdbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;panacea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que también tiene un origen místico (un brebaje que cura cualquier mal) y se usa mucho más en el lenguaje hablado y con el mismo significado: &lt;strong&gt;La panacea no existe&lt;/strong&gt;; también para exagerar un bien, algo bueno: &lt;strong&gt;esto es la panacea&lt;/strong&gt;. Ninguna de estas frases tiene un ámbito específico, se pueden usar casi en cualquier contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2016-12-04T17:29:09.940" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T17:29:09.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18969" CreationDate="2016-12-04T21:01:26.523" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's analyze the paragraph, shall we? It'd be easier in Spanish since I'm a native Spanish speaker, but I'll try my best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo estuviera presa, me gustaría que dos de mis muñecas, la Toti y la Mónica, fueran también presas políticas. Porque a mí me gusta dormirme abrazada por lo menos a la Toti. A la Mónica no tanto, porque es muy gruñona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The girl is thinking what it would be like to be a prisoner (most probably because her father is a prisoner and she was thinking about it, but I haven't read this book) and, being a little girl, she would like to bring her two dolls with her. The writer uses this to state that the girl somewhat imagines (or simply usually plays that way with the dolls) that the doll called &lt;em&gt;Monica&lt;/em&gt; is a moaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo nunca le pego, sobre todo para darle ese buen ejemplo a Graciela. Ella me ha pegado pocas veces, pero cuando lo hace yo quisiera tener muchísima libertad. Cuando me pega o me rezonga yo le digo Ella, porque a ella no le gusta que la llame así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, given that the doll Monica is a moaner, in a childish way, the girl, accustomed to being scolded or beaten up (I don't know if this word is &quot;too much&quot; in English, basically I'm referring to physical punishment of any level) when she is wrong, she concludes that the doll should be scolded too. That's why she says &lt;em&gt;Yo nunca le pego&lt;/em&gt;, that presents that childish argument (to be scolded or hit) and at the same time is like a pun, an insinuation referring to her mother, which the writer expands in the next lines explaining that the mother doesn't hit her many times and stating that, when that happens, the girl calls her mother &lt;em&gt;Ella&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, a child doesn't like being scolded or hit, even when she knows she did something wrong, so the girl gets upset with her mother when she hits her and somewhat resents her for that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can see the resentment in the pun/insinuation, like saying: see mom, Monica is a moaner and I don't hit her, why do you hit me?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can see how the girl gets upset in that she calls her mother &lt;em&gt;Ella&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Ella&lt;/em&gt; is a cold pronoun, a general word that a little girl wouldn't use with her mother. A little girl use &quot;mom&quot; (as in my previous example), &quot;mother&quot;, or whatever other word that expresses love, not a cold pronoun. That's why the mother doesn't like it, and that's why the girl achieves what she wants: her mother made her upset, she made her mother upset, like a little, naive revenge.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's really a childish thing to do, but that's what she is, a child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the paragraph is about the same thing, and finally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Graciela tampoco le gusta demasiado que yo la llame Graciela, pero yo la llamo así porque es un nombre lindo. Sólo cuando la quiero muchísimo, cuando la adoro y la beso y la estrujo y ella me dice ay chiquilina no me estrujes así, entonces sí la llamo mamá o mami, y Graciela se conmueve y se pone muy tiernita y me acaricia el pelo, y eso no sería así ni sería tan bueno si yo le dijera mamá o mami por cualquier pavada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing that the girl seeks her mother's love on other occasions, too, the writer states (basically reminds the reader) that the child is not evil, she's only a child who gets carried away by her feelings, like any other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that &lt;em&gt;alunada&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;in bad mood&lt;/em&gt;, is only a way to clarify that the child is simply upset, which connects with that fact of the scolding and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole paragraph seems to me a really tender and beautiful way of describing some of the little girl's feelings about her father imprisonment, and how she normalizes and accepts those feelings about the whole imprisonment thing — that would be a really hard and bad thing to happen to a girl that age.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Just to clarify one thing, since OP commented it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Ramon Melo: Reading your last comment, I'm thinking that you are seeing the girl being hit hard as mistreatment. If that's not the case I apologize, but anyway it's good to clarify it in the same answer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I don't think the writer wanted to express a mistreatment &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;, but just an old-fashioned way of educating; a small slap or spank.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Take in mind what I said originally in the answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...beaten up (&lt;strong&gt;I don't know if this word is &quot;too much&quot; in English, basically I'm referring to physical punishment of any level&lt;/strong&gt;)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I said it because there is nothing in the paragraph that suggests serious mistreatment or that the mother hit the girl really hard, without reason or often.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note this phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella me ha pegado pocas veces, pero cuando lo hace yo quisiera tener muchísima libertad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This states that it's a rare thing to happen, and reading the whole paragraph, the girl doesn't have the attitude of a mistreated child, she just doesn't like it, which is obvious even when it happens in rare occasions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should read the rest of the book to be sure, but reading only this paragraph I just imagine the girl having a tantrum from time to time, because she is a little rebellious (&lt;em&gt;alunada&lt;/em&gt;) and her mother has to spank her a little because she doesn't even listen to her anymore.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm not saying it's right or wrong, just what I read in the paragraph, but I'd feel more sad for her father being imprisoned ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T00:34:42.870" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T00:34:42.870" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18973" CreationDate="2016-12-05T02:02:15.060" Score="6" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro muchas frases como &quot;regocijaos en el Señor&quot; o &quot;unidos en el Señor&quot; pero los mismos verbos se usarían con la preposición &quot;con&quot; en otros contextos. Algunos ejemplos: &quot;regocijaos con tus hijos&quot; o &quot;unidos con los mexicanos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy consciente que otras preposiciones se podrían usar, por ejemplo, &quot;unidos por los mexicanos&quot;, aún así, me parece que la preposición &quot;en&quot; no tiene sentido con ninguno de los ejemplos que mencioné. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2007" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T15:01:24.457" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T15:01:24.457" Title="¿Por qué, en contexto religioso, se sustituye le preposición &quot;con&quot; por &quot;en&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18972" CreationDate="2016-12-05T03:57:14.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por suerte o por desgracia he tenido que traducir algunos textos religiosos (normalmente medievales) escritos en latín, y la preposición que se usa en este tipo de fórmulas es &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;, con lo que tiene que ser un puro arcaísmo por influencia del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T03:57:14.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18975" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:35:39.253" Score="7" ViewCount="8145" Body="&lt;p&gt;He contratado con una empresa una actividad para hacer una serie de caminos por los que nos iremos encontrando con pájaros y tendremos un guía que nos irá diciendo de qué va el tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Duda&lt;/em&gt;: ¿Tiene algún nombre específico esta actividad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por ejemplo: probar vinos (mientras un experto te habla de ellos) = &lt;strong&gt;Enoturismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T11:47:48.640" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T23:31:14.203" Title="Me voy a ver pájaros, ¿tiene un nombre esa actividad?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18974" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:45:39.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera palabra que me viene a la cabeza es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RTLBC5u&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pajarear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero en plan broma. Eso sí, el DRAE recoge este término y la primera de sus acepciones podría ser útiles (aunque yo siempre que la escucho pienso en la segunda):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. intr. Cazar pájaros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. intr. Andar vagando, sin trabajar o sin ocuparse en cosa útil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando un poco más veo que se ha acuñado el concepto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;turismo ornitológico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o también &lt;em&gt;orniturismo&lt;/em&gt;. Buscando es común encontrar el primer término, mientras que el segundo parece bastante menos generalizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del artículo de la Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turismo_ornitol%C3%B3gico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;turismo ornitológico&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El turismo ornitológico, también llamado orniturismo, turismo de observación de aves o aviturismo, es la actividad que implica desplazarse desde un sitio de origen hacia un destino específico con el interés de observar la avifauna local en su entorno natural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si quieres una palabra técnica, usa orniturismo. Si quieres que se entienda mejor, usa turismo ornitológico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos se usa el prefijo &lt;em&gt;ornito-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=REiYAnC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ornito-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del gr. ὀρνιθο- ornitho-, y este de ὄρνις, -ιθος órnis, -ithos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. elem. compos. Significa 'ave', 'pájaro'. Ornitológico, ornitomancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T11:45:39.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18974" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:46:00.470" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La actividad de ir a ver pájaros se denomina &lt;em&gt;observación de aves&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;avistamiento de aves&lt;/em&gt; y consiste básicamente en observar aves y estudiarlas, a veces sacar fotografías o registrar sus sonidos y cantos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando por internet páginas que traten el tema parece que también se utiliza bastante el término en inglés &lt;em&gt;birdwatching&lt;/em&gt; aunque generalmente en el nombre de los clubs o asociaciones o junto con la denominación en español: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La observación de aves o birdwatching es una afición(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El turismo relacionado con esta actividad como ha explicado &lt;strong&gt;@fedorqui&lt;/strong&gt; en su respuesta se denomina generalmente &lt;em&gt;turismo ornitológico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T13:48:54.787" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T13:48:54.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18991" CreationDate="2016-12-06T19:06:34.580" Score="1" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando llega un nuevo miembro a una familia es normal que, si ya hay un hijo previo, este sienta celos del hermano menor, y su comportamiento cambie para hacerse notar un poco más, o tratar de llamar la atención ante el miedo a que los padres empiecen a echarle más cuenta al menor que a él. Este cambio de comportamiento puede (o no) incluir un empeoramiento de la conducta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra más técnica, ya sea en la RAE o terminología médica, para expresar este tipo concreto de celos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:04:16.653" Title="Palabra o expresión para designar a los celos por el hermano pequeño" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18983" CreationDate="2016-12-06T20:23:52.610" Score="6" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde niño he sabido que &quot;el burro por delante&quot;, y siempre se debe poner uno mismo al final de una lista de pronombres (&quot;Juan, Paco y yo&quot;, en lugar de &quot;yo, Juan y Paco&quot;), sin embargo, ¿cuál es la razón detrás de esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He intentado buscar un poco de información pero nada al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7023" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T20:27:16.500" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:09:45.187" Title="¿Cuál es la razón por la que se corrije &quot;yo y tú&quot; a &quot;tú y yo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18982" CreationDate="2016-12-06T21:36:49.740" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es solo por educación, realmente no hay razones gramaticales para el orden y el propio &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=yo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; así lo dice en su entrada sobre &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por razones de cortesía, es costumbre colocarlo en último lugar cuando forma parte de una enumeración: «Andrés, Quique y yo caminábamos entre las tumbas» (GaRamis Días [P. Rico 1986]); no hay, sin embargo, justificación lingüística para censurar su anteposición: «Te querrán tanto como yo y Leonardo D’Amaro te hemos querido» (Alegre Locus [Esp. 1989]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T13:09:45.187" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:09:45.187" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18984" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-06T21:52:19.817" Score="7" ViewCount="1049" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tau7jdO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pollero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; dos acepciones casi idénticas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. y f. &lt;em&gt;Méx&lt;/em&gt;. Persona que transporta trabajadores indocumentados a los Estados Unidos de América.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. &lt;em&gt;El Salv&lt;/em&gt;. Hombre que transporta trabajadores indocumentados a los Estados Unidos de América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las únicas diferencias que percibo son, aparte de la zona (México o El Salvador) en el género: en México es &lt;em&gt;masculino y femenino&lt;/em&gt;, y por tanto &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Persona&lt;/strong&gt; que ...&quot;, mientras que en El Salvador es exclusivamente &lt;em&gt;masculino&lt;/em&gt; y, por tanto, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hombre&lt;/strong&gt; que ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay otras palabras que, describiendo lo mismo, tengan una diferencia análoga de género según la región?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14382" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T09:35:00.733" Title="Palabras con diferencia de género según la región" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18985" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-06T22:02:25.577" Score="5" ViewCount="9119" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TBojXv5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; figura en el DRAE como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. coloq. orina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin ninguna indicación de su posible origen o etimología. ¿De dónde viene el llamar coloquialmente &quot;pis&quot; a la orina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14277" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T22:56:19.957" LastActivityDate="2021-04-01T01:32:49.647" Title="¿De dónde viene el llamar &quot;pis&quot; a la orina?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18985" CreationDate="2016-12-06T23:43:46.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente es un acrónimo de la palabra 'pipi'. Que regularmente se usa para hablarles a los niños para que externen sus necesidades básicas. 'pipi' para orina y 'popo' para defecar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T23:43:46.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18984" CreationDate="2016-12-07T07:49:05.097" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues mira, una que acabo de descubrir hace poco: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SyKQl6b&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pijama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es una palabra masculina &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=pijama&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en algunas regiones&lt;/a&gt;, como España y el cono sur de América, mientras que en el resto de regiones se usa como femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es cierto que en algunas regiones cambia su pronunciación por &quot;piyama&quot;, pero no sé si estas regiones coinciden con las de su uso en femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T07:49:05.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19227" CreationDate="2016-12-07T09:00:44.190" Score="4" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;La preposición &quot;en&quot; se puede usar para indicar cómo va uno vestido. Por ejemplo, &quot;estar en pijama&quot;. Recientemente, mi hijo mayor (que ya es un experto navegando por YouTube Kids) descubrió una serie de animación titulada &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PJ_Masks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PJ Masks&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que en Hispanoamérica se le dio el nombre de &quot;Héroes en pijamas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, a mí me suena mejor la expresión &quot;héroes en pijama&quot;, por lo que me preguntaba si la preposición &quot;en&quot; usada de esta forma necesita concordancia de número cuando el objeto al que se refiere está en plural. ¿Es así? ¿O es simplemente un caso de diferencia regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T20:48:25.007" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:48:25.007" Title="Concordancia de número con la preposición &quot;en&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18981" CreationDate="2016-12-07T13:04:16.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que existe el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;síndrome del príncipe destronado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a este fenómeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como explica un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.salud.mapfre.es/salud-familiar/ninos/psicologia-infantil/sindrome-del-principe-destronado/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de Mapfre&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nacimiento de un hermano puede provocar en el niño el llamado ‘síndrome del príncipe destronado’, es decir, la aparición de celos hacia el hermano recién llegado. Cualquier cambio en la estructura de una familia implica a la vez la necesidad de introducir ajustes y entre ellos se encuentran la repartición del tiempo, los cuidados y las atenciones hacia ambos hermanos, que hasta el momento no había sido necesaria. principe destronadoEsta nueva situación implica pasar de recibir toda la atención de los padres a tener que compartirla con el hermano, a la vez que pasar a ser el hermano mayor en lugar del único niño de la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado referencias oficiales, pero sí muchas entradas en páginas y foros de padres y madres. En algunas también se menciona el &lt;em&gt;síndrome del rey destronado&lt;/em&gt; (no confundir con el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADndrome_de_Reye&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;síndrome de Reye&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y al hilo de la última referencia, también he encontrado el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.siquia.com/2013/10/sindrome-del-emperador-o-del-nino-tirano-como-detectarlo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;síndrome del emperador o del niño tirano&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El síndrome del emperador, del niño tirano o del niño rey son los distintos nombres con que se conoce a un fenómeno cada vez más común: el de los niños que acaban por dominar a sus padres, e incluso, en los casos más extremos, por maltratarles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:04:16.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20877" CreationDate="2016-12-07T19:58:24.817" Score="2" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an expression &quot;to go from Guatemala to Guatapeor&quot; (from Guata-bad to Guata-worse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet the word Guatemala means &quot;the land of trees&quot; according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/guatemala-facts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So since &quot;bad&quot; isn't part of the meaning of the word, is it not a Spanish-language placename? Amerindian? What is the etymology of the pieces-parts of the word? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T19:09:43.623" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T12:19:33.353" Title="Is &quot;Guatemala&quot; a Spanish word?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18992" CreationDate="2016-12-07T20:09:25.110" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The name &quot;Guatemala&quot; comes from the Nahuatl word Cuauhtēmallān (nahwiki), or &quot;place of many trees&quot;, a derivative of the K'iche' Mayan word for &quot;many trees&quot;. This was the name the Tlaxcaltecan soldiers who accompanied Pedro de Alvarado during the Spanish Conquest gave to this territory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T07:30:55.403" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T07:30:55.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19005" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:01:45.167" Score="3" ViewCount="2470" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone used this term in an office while talking to a co-worker, about the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried some research and Google suggests that it means literally &lt;em&gt;&quot;You hit me&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or maybe &lt;em&gt;&quot;You stood me up&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also some sort of a baseball reference; although I don't know very much about baseball so don't understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the accurate translation?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What is an equivalent expression used in England?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In what situation might someone use this?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What does it have to do with baseball?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14428" LastEditorUserId="14428" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T13:46:38.220" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T18:50:29.457" Title="What does &quot;me bateaste&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18996" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-08T19:15:58.790" Score="2" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto, conforme a la normativa vigente, omitir un artículo indefinido como &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; cuando hay un sustantivo y un adjetivo como &lt;strong&gt;voz anticuada&lt;/strong&gt;? De modo que la oración quede formulada como &lt;em&gt;Es voz anticuada&lt;/em&gt; y no como &lt;em&gt;Es una voz anticuada&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;El antiguo Diccionario de Autoridades, no usa en ciertos casos los  artículos definidos. Por ejemplo, en las siguientes definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ONUSTO, TA. adj. Cargado, pesado. Es voz tomada de la Latina. Onustus,&#xA;y yá sin uso alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FANO. s. m. Lo mismo que Templo. Es voz antiquada, y tomada del Latino&#xA;Fanum, que significa lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ACCENDER. v. a. Lo mismo que encender. Vease. Es voz de ningun uso, y&#xA;puramente Latina. Lat. Accéndere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CELESTRE. s. m. Lo mismo que Celeste. Es voz antigua, que ya no tiene&#xA;uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADOLESCENTE. s. m. El joven, el mancébo, el que esta en la edád de&#xA;adolescencia. Es voz solo usada en la Poesia, ò jocosamente haciendo&#xA;burla de la afectación. Lat. Adolescens, tis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ASSUETO, TA. adj. Lo mismo que Acostumbrado. Vease. Es voz puramente&#xA;Latina, y de ningun uso en Castellano. Lat. Assuetus, a, um.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que se dice &lt;code&gt;Es voz...&lt;/code&gt; y nunca &lt;code&gt;Es una voz...&lt;/code&gt;. ¿Es apropiado, así, omitir esta palabra actualmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14432" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T10:55:42.643" Title="Uso de artículos indeterminados" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18994" CreationDate="2016-12-09T01:20:24.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Batear', significa dejar o hacer de lado. &#xA;Por ejemplo: &#xA; -Te declare mi amistad y me bateaste.&#xA; -La junta bateo mi propuesta de este mes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T01:20:24.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18994" CreationDate="2016-12-09T08:19:57.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Batear&lt;/em&gt; is to hit the ball in baseball but in some countries where Spanish is spoken it has other meanings, as you can see at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=batear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context of work and with the grammatical form &lt;em&gt;&quot;me bateaste&quot;&lt;/em&gt; I think it can mean: &lt;em&gt;you fired me&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;you deceived me&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;you beat me at an argument&lt;/em&gt; or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know what country those people are native from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will copy only the meanings used in Mexico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.  1.&lt;/strong&gt;    tr. &lt;em&gt;Mx.&lt;/em&gt; Rechazar &lt;em&gt;una persona a alguien, principalmente en&#xA;  requerimientos amorosos o sexuales.&lt;/em&gt; pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: Of a person, to reject someone particularly in a romantic or sexual context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;em&gt;Mx.&lt;/em&gt; Contestar &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt; evasivamente preguntas comprometidas eludiendo aclarar lo que en ellas se demanda. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: to prevaricate, to answer evasively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;    tr. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, Cu, RD, PR, Ve. En el juego de&#xA;  pelota,&lt;/em&gt; dar con el &lt;strong&gt;bate&lt;/strong&gt; a la pelota. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: to hit the ball with the bat in a ball game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;III. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;    tr. &lt;em&gt;Mx, ES.&lt;/em&gt; Echar &lt;em&gt;una&#xA;  persona&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt; de su cargo o puesto de trabajo. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: Of a person, to fire someone from his role or job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T18:50:29.457" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T18:50:29.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18996" CreationDate="2016-12-09T10:55:42.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay varias circustancias en las que se pueden omitir los artículos indeterminados, una de ellas es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el adjetivo o predicado nominativo forman una parte del título&#xA;  de la profesión o es una característica intrínseca, se omite el&#xA;  artículo indefinido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi padre es profesor de inglés | Juan es mal alumno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que los ejemplos que pones podrían entrar dentro de &quot;características intrínsecas&quot; y por lo tanto se puede omitir el artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo lo he sacado de aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/02/ejemplos-de-articulo-indefinido.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gramaticas.net/2012/02/ejemplos-de-articulo-indefinido.html&lt;/a&gt; pero se puede encontrar información similar en otras páginas o textos sobre gramática española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T10:55:42.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19002" CreationDate="2016-12-09T14:42:50.947" Score="2" ViewCount="757" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/f5/comparte/2016/12/08/58485a23e2704ee81b8b463a.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una noticia&lt;/a&gt; en la prensa he encontrado esto en los comentarios de la misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KHI6q.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KHI6q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y entonces me surge la pregunta, &lt;strong&gt;¿qué se entiende en México por &quot;jotero&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE solo recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MXqjlpw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;jotero&quot;&lt;/a&gt; la acepción relacionada con el baile de la jota: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Persona que canta, baila o compone jotas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero el comentario me da a entender que en México (y quizá otros paises) la palabra tenga una acepción distinta de caracter despectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T14:50:09.143" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T14:50:09.143" Title="¿Qué se entiende por &quot;jotero&quot; en México?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18985" CreationDate="2016-12-09T15:34:00.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta referencia&lt;/a&gt; la palabra &lt;code&gt;pis&lt;/code&gt; viene del latin bajo, &lt;em&gt;pissiare&lt;/em&gt;, que quiere decir &amp;quot;orinar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del bajo latín &lt;strong&gt;pis&lt;/strong&gt;siare (&amp;quot;orinar&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T15:34:00.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19000" CreationDate="2016-12-09T16:23:45.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra 'Jotero' varía por región, por ejemplo en la Ciudad de México y parte del norte de la república mexicana se entiende como un bar gay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T18:51:44.960" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T18:51:44.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19004" CreationDate="2016-12-09T19:20:31.440" Score="0" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;palabla&quot; sounds like &quot;para habla&quot; (means &quot;for speaking&quot;). There are some similar words like &quot;paraguas, parachoques&quot;, but it seems that &quot;para-&quot; here means &quot;parar&quot; (that is, &quot;stop&quot;) but not &quot;para&quot;. So, &quot;pala-&quot; in &quot;palabla&quot; is different from &quot;para-&quot; in &quot;paragua&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know wether &quot;pala-&quot; is a prefix in Spanish or not. If that's true, where is it from and what does it mean? Could you teach me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some useful links are &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/para-elemento-compositivo.1391614/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;para- elemento compositivo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/para-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiki para-&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pala-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiki pala-&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14437" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T19:38:47.260" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T01:53:11.203" Title="Where is the &quot;pala-&quot; in &quot;palabra&quot; from in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19003" CreationDate="2016-12-09T19:55:19.987" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;palabra&lt;/em&gt; is a whole word by itself in Spanish, it is not a compound of smaller parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;parabŏla&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;comparison&lt;/em&gt; but came to mean &lt;em&gt;proverb, parable&lt;/em&gt; in Vulgar Latin. Before that, the word came from Ancient Greek &lt;em&gt;παραβολή parabolḗ&lt;/em&gt;. This, in turn, came from &lt;em&gt;παραβάλλω parabállo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;to compare&lt;/em&gt;, and finally from &lt;em&gt;παρά pará&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;next to&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;βάλλω bállo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;to throw&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T01:53:11.203" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T01:53:11.203" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18994" CreationDate="2016-12-09T22:15:49.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el norte de México (Monterrey) el hecho de batear a alguien implica el regresarle una acción que había sido inicialmente asignada o &quot;tirada&quot; hacia él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si la persona A recomienda al jefe que persona B debe realizar cierto trabajo, sin embargo la persona B lo convence de que la persona A es la apropiada para hacerlo. En este caso, la persona B ha &quot;bateado&quot; a la persona A, al regresarle el trabajo que originalmente había sido &quot;lanzado&quot; hacia él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T22:15:49.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19006" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-09T23:21:23.510" Score="3" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RTabDql&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pájara&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8. f. En ciclismo, bajón físico súbito que impide al corredor mantener el ritmo de la carrera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo adquirió ese significado? ¿Es un uso exclusivo del ciclismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14441" LastActivityDate="2021-01-29T12:02:24.043" Title="¿Por qué una &quot;pájara&quot; es un bajón físico en ciclismo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19006" CreationDate="2016-12-10T00:15:43.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es un uso exclusivo del ciclismo. Se utiliza en muchos ámbitos, incluyendo varios no relacionados con el deporte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A falta de una fuente fiable, por experiencia propia te puedo decir que una &quot;pájara&quot; se asimila mucho a los síntomas de agotamiento y deshidratacion en las aves, que caen al suelo y aletean sin equilibrio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10778" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T00:15:43.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19006" CreationDate="2016-12-10T03:41:34.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1jara_(deporte)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta entrada de wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; define la pájara como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una situación en que el rendimiento físico se deteriora bruscamente a causa del agotamiento de las reservas de glucógeno del hígado y los músculos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El efecto de la pájara es un &quot;querer y no poder&quot;. Intentas hacer algo y el cuerpo no responde. Debido al agotamiento físico, quien sufre una &lt;em&gt;pajara&lt;/em&gt; demuestra como torpeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo interesante de la entrada de la wikipedia viene en la siguiente sección (otros nombres), cuando dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A partir de la expresión inglesa hitting the wall también se usan los términos chocar contra el muro o golpear el muro. Dicha expresión se comenzó a utilizar a mediados del siglo XX en el ámbito del ciclismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aunque no lo dice expresamente, el &quot;golpear el miro&quot; me recuerda a lo que hacen las aves atrapadas en una habitación, intentado salir por una ventana cerrada y dándose golpe tras golpe. Tras cada golpe por supuesto quedan más fatigadas y atontadas, y de ahí esa &quot;torpeza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que entiendo que el uso de &quot;pájara&quot; en el ámbito deportivo viene de un uso metafórico de la torpeza de las aves al realizar ciertas actividades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T03:41:34.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19009" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-10T09:41:22.963" Score="10" ViewCount="745" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; hay pocas palabras que terminan en &quot;u&quot;: alrededor de 75, incluyendo expresiones latinas y palabras importadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es que hay tan pocas, en comparación con las acabadas en otras vocales?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14440" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user14440" LastEditDate="2019-01-26T17:56:16.763" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T15:33:02.357" Title="¿Por qué en español hay tan pocas palabras acabadas en &quot;u&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-10T10:56:34.247" Score="4" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19009/por-qu%C3%A9-en-espa%C3%B1ol-hay-tan-pocas-palabras-acabadas-en-u&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JKjA2q6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gonchu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que aparece definida como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. borra (‖ hez o sedimento turbio de los líquidos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5wG9K0J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;borra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hez o sedimento espeso que forman la tinta, el aceite, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he encontrado en el NTLLE, esta acepción de &quot;borra&quot; figura ya en el Diccionario de Autoridades de 1726 (&quot;Se llaman también las heces, y lo mas grossèro de las cosas líquidas: como del vino,tinta, azéite,&amp;amp;c.&quot;), mientras que &quot;gonchu&quot; no figura en el diccionario de la lengua hasta 1984, y no hay ninguna indicación adicional acerca de su origen, uso, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros recursos que he consultado (Wikipedia, Wiktionary, etimologías de chile) han dado un resultado igualmente negativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde proviene la palabra &quot;gonchu&quot;? ¿Tiene un uso regional o general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14425" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14425" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T15:25:19.687" Title="¿De dónde proviene la palabra &quot;gonchu&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-10T11:01:02.723" Score="0" ViewCount="4452" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does 'se me fue' mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it literally mean &lt;strong&gt;'it escaped me'&lt;/strong&gt; or is there another colloquial meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14444" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T11:01:36.090" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T19:20:06.410" Title="What does 'se me fue' mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19009" CreationDate="2016-12-10T11:42:15.093" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you might be looking at this wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 5 vowels. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two (a, o) are gender default. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One (e) is basically neuter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other two are no present outside of loan words and derived words esp. From Latin, Arabic, pt, and maybe it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-26T18:19:38.833" LastActivityDate="2019-01-26T18:19:38.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2016-12-10T11:43:33.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &quot;paquete chileno&quot; no es solo de Colombia, hoy día se usa para cualquier fraude cometido por un chileno, como el del arquero que fingió salir lesionado para interrumpir un partido que estaban perdiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que se popularizó en el exterior por turistas que al viajar a Chile eran timados por comerciantes de souvenirs: pensaban estar recibiendo algo valioso a cambio de su dinero pero luego se daban cuenta que fueron timados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La estafa nigeriana por correo electrónico no es como tal. La nigeriana es por correo normal ya que son cheques que envían desde Nigeria en el cual si depositas el cheque y se hace efectivo deberás mandar el 10 o 20 % para que te envíen otro. Lo que sucede es que la ley nigeriana autoriza la transferencia mientras esperan los fondos, así que tu banco te dirá que ya está el dinero y luego Nigeria informa que la cuenta no tenía fondos y te los quitan, pero ya habrás enviado su porcentaje por esos cheques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás con el tiempo la expresión de &lt;em&gt;estafa nigeriana&lt;/em&gt; terminará abarcando los de por Internet que te piden una cuenta para sacar su dinero y te ganas un porcentaje y les quitan todo los que tengan en la cuenta y si no tienen saldo en la cuenta la pueden usar para lavado de dólares y por estar a tu nombre sales perjudicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría en el caso de Chile pudo ser la &lt;a href=&quot;http://elclavo.com/articulos/opinion/que-es-en-realidad-malicia-indigena/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;malicia indígena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la que desembocó en esa expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela también usamos la expresión de &quot;paquete chileno&quot; y lo he escuchado en series y películas mexicanas así que no creo que Colombia lo inventara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14446" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T12:55:42.643" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T12:55:42.643" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19009" CreationDate="2016-12-10T11:46:20.650" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Históricamente, la &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt; final de los étimos latinos tras la pérdida de &lt;em&gt;-m&lt;/em&gt; (acusativo) se abría en &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, con lo que, teniendo en cuenta que la inmensa mayoría del vocabulario español procede del latín, es normal que no se conserve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;dominum&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;dominu&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;domino&lt;/em&gt; (y ya luego, &lt;em&gt;domno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dueño&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo demás, las otras palabras del latín terminaban fundamentalmente en &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; o en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; (tras pérdida de &lt;em&gt;-m&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), con lo que de ahí tampoco podía salir ninguna &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto quiero decir que las únicas palabras que actualmente terminan en &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt; son las que se han introducido de otras lenguas, más o menos recientemente, sin adaptar, o con una adaptación muy cruda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T11:46:20.650" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18893" CreationDate="2016-12-10T13:31:15.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dejar constancia aquí, acabo de oír en un episodio de &lt;em&gt;La doctora juguetes&lt;/em&gt; la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡buena pillada!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡bien pillado!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (una de las dos era seguro) en el contexto referenciado, que tampoco me parece mala opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y añado otra: en &lt;em&gt;La patrulla canina&lt;/em&gt; acaban de usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡bien cogida!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el mismo contexto. Resulta curioso cómo cambia la expresión de pasar de usar &quot;buena&quot; a &quot;bien&quot;. Y otra de la misma serie, y constatada que se ha usado para &quot;nice catch&quot;: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡buenos reflejos!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Curiosa manera de abordar la traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T14:11:59.833" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:11:59.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19010" CreationDate="2016-12-10T13:45:17.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good place to start with this word (or at least where my Googling had me start) is page 147 in Julio Figueroa G.’s book &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/vocabularioetim00ggoog#page/n145/mode/2up&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vocabulario etimolójico de nombres chilenos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1903), which talks about &lt;em&gt;chilenismos&lt;/em&gt;. The very first entry is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aconcharse &amp;nbsp; del Araucano &lt;em&gt;Conchu&lt;/em&gt; Borra o sedimento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, that’s a slightly different word (&lt;em&gt;conchu&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;gonchu&lt;/em&gt;), but it seems too close in meaning and form not to be related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aconcharse&lt;/em&gt; is in DLE and is derived from yet another slightly differently hispanicised form of the same substrate word, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A8SdCRW&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;concho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;concho&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Del quechua &lt;em&gt;qonchu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cunchu&lt;/em&gt; 'heces', 'posos'.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adj. Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Del color de las heces de la chicha o de la cerveza. Una mula concha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. Bol., Chile, Col., Cuba, Ec., Pan., Perú y R. Dom.&lt;/em&gt; Poso, sedimento, restos de la comida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The forms mentioned here are in god-knows-what transcription scheme, but I can’t find any exact hits for any of them. Note also that the language of origin is different: Quechua as opposed to Araucano (which we nowadays call &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche_language&quot;&gt;Mapuche&lt;/a&gt;). Quechua and Mapuche are not related (Mapuche is a language isolate). Either one of them borrowed the word from the other; or either Figueroa or DLE gives the wrong source language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the two is the correct interpretation, I do not know. But it seems that &lt;a href=&quot;https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qunchu&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;qunchu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the Quechua word for &lt;em&gt;yeast&lt;/em&gt;; specifically, &lt;a href=&quot;https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqha_qunchu&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aqha qunchu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;saccharomyces cerevisiae&lt;/em&gt;, a particular type of yeast that has been used in brewing and wine-making since ancient times and is commonly known as &lt;em&gt;brewer’s yeast&lt;/em&gt; in English. When making wine and beer, the yeast that hastens the fermentation process also creates a layer of sediment at the bottom of the vat, known in English as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lees_(fermentation)&quot;&gt;lees&lt;/a&gt; (I don’t think Spanish has a specific word here—just &lt;em&gt;posos/heces de vino/cerveza&lt;/em&gt;), or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trub_(brewing)&quot;&gt;trubs&lt;/a&gt; in beer-making.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to AULEX (an online Quechua-Spanish dictionary), &lt;a href=&quot;http://aulex.org/qu-es/?busca=qunchu&quot;&gt;qunchu&lt;/a&gt; also means ‘dregs’ in Quechua itself, like in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m not familiar with any etymological dictionaries of Quechua, but my guess would be that the original meaning is ‘(brewer’s) yeast’, which was then extended within Quechua to also refer to the lees/trubs at the bottom of the vat where alcohol was fermented. It was this latter meaning which was borrowed from Quechua into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;concho&lt;/em&gt; (and perhaps &lt;em&gt;conchu&lt;/em&gt; and/or &lt;em&gt;cunchu&lt;/em&gt; as well). Or possibly from Quechua into Mapuche, and then from Mapuche into Spanish. Or possibly both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish variant that begins with /ɡ/ instead of /k/ (i.e. ⟨gonchu⟩ instead of ⟨concho/conchu/cunchu⟩) is a bit of a mystery to me, though. Neither Quechua nor Mapuche possesses voiced consonants, so whichever of the two is the immediate source of the Spanish word, the development /k/ → /ɡ/ happened within Spanish itself. I am not aware of any pattern or reason why this voicing should take place, but it seems that it did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10925" LastEditorUserId="10925" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T15:25:19.687" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T15:25:19.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19037" CreationDate="2016-12-10T14:27:49.293" Score="5" ViewCount="4662" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5kwg7Na&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; dice que es de origen desconocido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bofia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De or. desc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  f. jerg. &lt;strong&gt;policía&lt;/strong&gt; (ǁ cuerpo de seguridad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo y dónde fue la palabra registrada por primera vez? ¿En qué países se usa corrientemente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra existe también en portugués (&lt;em&gt;bófia&lt;/em&gt;) y su origen es también desconocido, y creo que es muy reciente. Es posible que venga del castellano o que la palabra castellana venga del portugués. He preguntado la &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/3858/donde-%C3%A9-que-veio-a-b%C3%B3fia&quot;&gt;misma cuestión en Portuguese SE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11164" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:38.453" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T22:42:18.293" Title="¿De dónde ha venido la «bofia»?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19022" CreationDate="2016-12-10T15:34:55.360" Score="3" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es obligatorio por ley el listar en español los ingredientes de todo producto de alimentación que se venda en cualquier tienda. Esto se nota sobre todo en productos de importación, que suelen llevar una pegatina con la traducción de los ingredientes y de algunas instrucciones de preparación o uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en los productos cosméticos esto no es así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yg91N.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yg91N.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Ingredients&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esto es así? No tengo claro el porqué, no sé si es porque los ingredientes suelen ser compuestos químicos, pero cuando yo estudié química en el colegio la formulación se hacía en español, y no en inglés. ¿Existe alguna normativa europea que regule los textos que incluyan compuestos químicos que no permita que se use la traducción al español de los mismos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T15:42:35.730" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T19:21:58.073" Title="¿Por qué en España no se usa el español a la hora de listar los ingredientes de productos cosméticos?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;legislación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19020" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19021" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre leyes que regulen temas relacionados con el uso del idioma. Questions about laws about the language use." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T15:36:45.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19019" CreationDate="2016-12-10T18:43:38.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomenclatura_International_de_Ingredientes_Cosm%C3%A9ticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients), es un sistema de nombres para ceras, aceites, pigmentos, químicos, y otros ingredientes de jabones, cosméticos, entre otros, &lt;strong&gt;basados en nombres científicos y otros lenguajes, como el latín e Inglés. Los nombres INCI a menudo difieren de los nombres sistemáticos IUPAC o de referencias comunes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Este nombre universal debe aparecer en los rótulos de los productos cosméticos en la mayoría de los países.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;En España, la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, en su página pública la lista de nombres INCI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, el artículo 33 de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;REGULATION (EC) No 1223/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02009R1223-20150416&amp;amp;from=EN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02009R1223-20150416&amp;amp;from=EN&lt;/a&gt;) indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Commission shall compile and update a glossary of common ingredient names. To this end, the Commission shall take account of internationally recognised nomenclatures including the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI). That glossary shall not constitute a list of the substances authorised for use in cosmetic products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common ingredient name shall be applied for the purpose of labelling cosmetic products placed on the market at the latest twelve months after publication of the glossary in the Official Journal of the European Union.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que, efectivamente, es por normativa europea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14438" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T19:21:58.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19024" CreationDate="2016-12-10T19:31:10.413" Score="0" ViewCount="832" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish text book, it gives the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cierra los lunes = It closes on Mondays&#xA;Cierro la puerta = I’m closing the door&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;code&gt;Cierra&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Cierro&lt;/code&gt;? At first I thought they may be the masculine and feminine versions of Cerrar. But then the examples wouldn't work, as &lt;code&gt;days of the week&lt;/code&gt; are masculine and &lt;code&gt;door&lt;/code&gt; is feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T20:50:36.070" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T19:31:07.783" Title="What is the difference between &quot;cierra&quot; and &quot;cierro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19023" CreationDate="2016-12-10T20:48:47.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish verb tenses do not differentiate between masculine and feminine, except for the participe and only when it acts as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;cierro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cierra&lt;/em&gt; is just the subject that does the action. The present indicative of verb &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo           cierro&#xA;Tú           cierras&#xA;Él/ella/ello cierra&#xA;Nosotros/as  cerramos&#xA;Vosotros/as  cerráis&#xA;Ellos/as     cierran&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in &lt;em&gt;cierro&lt;/em&gt; the subject is the first person singular, whereas in &lt;em&gt;cierra&lt;/em&gt; the subject is the third person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T19:31:07.783" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T19:31:07.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19057" CreationDate="2016-12-11T02:10:12.350" Score="2" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the title says, what word includes both &quot;diseñar&quot; and &quot;desarrollar&quot; meanings? This is in the context of software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11173" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T07:41:40.330" Title="What word means &quot;diseñar&quot; and &quot;desarrollar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="136" CreationDate="2016-12-11T02:17:32.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am also surprised that &quot;llegar a ser&quot; didn't come up until &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1759/neizan@neizan&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neizan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mentioned it.  I'm also surprised, but to a lesser degree, that &lt;strong&gt;&quot;quedar(se)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; did not also make it into one of the answers here, nor was it a part of the previously referenced document, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.notesinspanish.com/files/23-translations-become-in-spanish.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;23 Ways to Translate Become in Spanish.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  So, I'll take a minute or two to share with you what I've recently learned about it myself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;quedar(se)&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and examples of its use as a verb that means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;to become,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; a book called &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/A_New_Reference_Grammar_of_Modern_Spanis.html?id=YZq0AAAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; devotes a couple of small sections to this verb (at least it does in its 3rd edition).  I've included a bit from the book below (formatted by yours truly for emphasis/easier reading):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The relationship between &quot;quedarse&quot; and &quot;quedar&quot; (when they are used as verbs of becoming, i.e., are followed by an adjective or participle) is affected by regional considerations that make it difficult to be precise about usage.  In general, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;it seems to us that &quot;quedarse&quot; as a verb of becoming is much more common in Madrid, while &quot;quedar&quot; has a literary or regional character.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;(a) In many cases, &quot;quedarse&quot; implies loss, incapacity or disadvantage:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se quedó&lt;/strong&gt; ciego/mudo/impedido/sordo.  &lt;strong&gt;(He became&lt;/strong&gt; blind/dumb/disabled/deaf.)**&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;¡Qué delgado &lt;strong&gt;te has quedado&lt;/strong&gt;! (How thin &lt;strong&gt;you have become!&lt;/strong&gt;)**&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me he quedado&lt;/strong&gt; helado esperándote. (&lt;strong&gt;I've gotten/become&lt;/strong&gt; frozen waiting for you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;(b) In a few cases it does not imply loss or disadvantage:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Te has quedado&lt;/strong&gt; contento? (Are you satisifed now?)(Literally, &lt;strong&gt;have you become&lt;/strong&gt; content?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se quedó&lt;/strong&gt; embarazada.  (&lt;strong&gt;She became&lt;/strong&gt; pregnant.)***&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Some of the English translations are my own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**The book adds that in some Spanish regions &quot;quedar&quot; can be used instead of &quot;quedarse&quot; for sentences of this type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;***Though some sentences can use &quot;quedar&quot; instead of &quot;quedarse,&quot; according to the book I've referenced here, &quot;quedar&quot; + &quot;embarazada&quot; is not how you say &quot;She became pregnant,&quot; in Madrid, but it is acceptable in other parts of Spain; in Madrid, &quot;quedarse&quot; would be used instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing I should add (and the book mentions this, too) is that both &quot;quedar&quot; and &quot;quedarse&quot; have other meanings besides the ones included here.  I believe both are mainly used to mean &quot;remain&quot; or &quot;stay.&quot;  And though you can use this verb to mean &quot;become,&quot; it appears other ways (such as the ones listed in the document suggested by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/45/dusan&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dusan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) are much more common.  &lt;strong&gt;I am unaware of any set or fixed phrases involving &quot;become&quot; that require the use of &quot;quedar&quot; or &quot;quedarse.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  If anyone does know of any, please share them with us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in an effort to help preserve the intellectual property of those who wrote the book, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/A_New_Reference_Grammar_of_Modern_Spanis.html?id=YZq0AAAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; -- John Butt and Carmen Benjamin -- I didn't include every example the book provides, so you may want to see if you can get your hands on a copy of it either via your library or a bookstore.  It is chock full of useful information about the Spanish language, and it is written in English.  Though it is rather detailed, it is easy to read and understand, and I think most students of Spanish would learn a great deal from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T02:17:32.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19027" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-11T07:38:25.840" Score="4" ViewCount="2288" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen a few signs and menus in Mexico City that say &quot;bistec de res&quot;. I understand this, though, to mean &quot;beef steak of beef&quot;. The &lt;em&gt;de res&lt;/em&gt; seems totally unnecessary to me, whose first language is English, and I am curious why it is included.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Wiktionary, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bistec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; comes, as it appears, from the English &lt;em&gt;beef steak&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/bistec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Dict&lt;/a&gt; it means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(culinary) a. steak b. beefsteak&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first definition, I suppose, is vague enough to allow for the clarification of &lt;em&gt;de res&lt;/em&gt; to be helpful. Can &lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt; refer to non-beef steaks? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was surprised to learn that &lt;em&gt;res&lt;/em&gt; doesn't necessarily mean beef:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(animal) a. livestock b. beast c. cattle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(culinary) (Latin America) a. beef&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(culinary) (Mexico) a. steak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bistec de res&lt;/em&gt; is obviously a culinary reference, so we can ignore the first part of the definition. The Mexico specific part of the definition actually surprises me more, because it means the &lt;em&gt;de res&lt;/em&gt; doesn't add anything to &lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt;, as it would if the latter no longer carried the connotation of beef: the (beef) steak of steak. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it is that &lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt; still means beef but but necessarily steak (and in fact often you receive bistec finely chopped, no longer in steak form) and the &lt;em&gt;res&lt;/em&gt; clarifies the form rather than the animal? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;bistec de res&lt;/em&gt; mean anything different than &lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt;, either by definition or nuance?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bistec&lt;/em&gt; is a generic word for steak; &lt;em&gt;de res&lt;/em&gt; clarifies the animal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bistec&lt;/em&gt; is a generic word for beef; &lt;em&gt;de res&lt;/em&gt; clarifies the form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This repeated construction is the erroneous product of uninformed writers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13972" LastEditorUserId="13972" LastEditDate="2018-09-20T20:54:32.163" LastActivityDate="2018-11-24T22:13:51.463" Title="Does «bistec de res» differ from «bistec» or is the former just redundant?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19027" CreationDate="2016-12-11T08:58:33.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my mental dictionary, a &lt;em&gt;bistec&lt;/em&gt; is any kind of big/thick piece of meat (of course this is not representative, but I would say many other native speakers see the word in the same way). If we go to &lt;em&gt;DLE&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5c8RtsV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it says&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Filete de carne de vacuno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, if we go to &lt;em&gt;res&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;em&gt;DLE&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W6zQ0u4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it says&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Animal cuadrúpedo de ciertas especies domésticas, como del ganado vacuno, lanar, etc., o de los salvajes, como venados, jabalíes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that a &lt;em&gt;res&lt;/em&gt; is not exclusively beef, as you have noted/noticed. In my mental dictionary (again), a &lt;em&gt;res&lt;/em&gt; would tend to be beef, and this is the case in Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala and Mexico, where it means (again according to &lt;em&gt;DLE&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Animal vacuno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So all this basically depends on how accurate or even &lt;em&gt;grammar-nazi&lt;/em&gt; you want to be. For some people they will be redundant, and for some others it won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T08:58:33.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19031" CreationDate="2016-12-11T13:10:40.743" Score="3" ViewCount="1728" Body="&lt;p&gt;La cancion &lt;em&gt;ñapa es&lt;/em&gt; es una canción muy famosa del grupo Ska-p. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede ver el video aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/1-AMGtQDhzE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ñapa es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta: ¿qué significa la palabra &lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el web, el título está muchas veces traducido por &quot;Spain is (like that)&quot; y la canción critica la política en España y su estribillo termina en &quot;España es así&quot;. Pues, mi conjetura es que &lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt; es una forma de slang para España. Como eso: España  -&gt; Paña -&gt; ñapa (conjetura).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene sentido? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14450" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T11:00:31.490" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T20:32:45.010" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;ñapa&quot; en el titulo de la canción &quot;ñapa es&quot; de Ska-p?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19029" CreationDate="2016-12-11T13:40:44.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si divides &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ñapa Es&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en tres silabas: &quot;ña&quot; &quot;pa&quot; &quot;es&quot; y las lees en orden inverso, tienes &quot;&lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&#xA;No creo que tenga más misterio, aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/%C3%B1apa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; define &quot;ñapa&quot; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. amer. Añadidura,propina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14439" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T13:40:44.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19029" CreationDate="2016-12-11T13:56:54.540" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, y sobre todo en la región de Castilla-La Mancha (donde pude vivir durante algunos años), una &lt;em&gt;napa&lt;/em&gt; es un apaño, generalmente hecho deprisa y de mala manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso lo he visto usar mucho en programación, cuando había que arreglar alguna incidencia en el código y no había tiempo de hacer algo en condiciones, se hacía una &lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt; para salir del paso, un arreglo rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la canción, yo diría que simplemente usa el juego de palabras entre &lt;em&gt;España&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt; por su similitud sonora, pero no es que la segunda venga de la primera. Simplemente quiere decir que España, y sobre todo su política, es un país de ñapas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T13:56:54.540" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19054" CreationDate="2016-12-11T14:04:56.663" Score="4" ViewCount="1403" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GLBc03N&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escrupuloso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;scrupulōsus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que padece o tiene escrúpulos. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que causa escrúpulos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por su parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GKtF7vE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;escrúpulo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;scrupŭlus&lt;/em&gt; 'piedrecilla'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Aprensión, asco hacia algo, especialmente hacia algún alimento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen otras acepciones, pero esta es la que me interesa. Se suele usar cuando una persona siente asco hacia algún alimento, por el motivo que sea (por ejemplo, que otra persona lo haya chupado o tocado previamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe el antónimo de este caso? Es decir, alguna palabra para definir al que no siente asco por ningún alimento (o como he oído decir, al que come cosas que harían vomitar a una cabra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T16:30:51.493" Title="¿Existe el antónimo de &quot;escrupuloso&quot; cuando se refiere a asco hacia los alimentos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19033" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19042" CreationDate="2016-12-11T17:27:17.997" Score="6" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been talking to some people who start questions with &quot;Es que...&quot; instead of just asking the question with a more relevant verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es que tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the questions still, but I would love to get some insight of why speakers would use this at the beginning of a question, or in which contexts they are wont to using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14452" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T19:12:14.887" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T22:32:41.987" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;Es que&quot; para preguntas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19011" CreationDate="2016-12-11T18:08:09.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is quite common, in unformal conversations, to say &lt;em&gt;se me fue&lt;/em&gt; as a short way to say &lt;em&gt;se me fue&lt;/em&gt; either &lt;em&gt;la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la olla&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la pinza&lt;/em&gt; or any kind of object that relates to the mind of oneself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you would listen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Por qué no viniste ayer a la cena?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Ostras... ¡se me fue!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Why didn't you come yesterday to the dinner?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Oh my gosh, I completely forgot about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13638/1674&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de “irse la olla” o “irse la pinza”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T18:08:09.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19033" CreationDate="2016-12-11T18:32:22.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know &lt;em&gt;¿Acaso...?&lt;/em&gt;? It's the same, just nobody really says &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;¿Es que...?&lt;/em&gt; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note I talk about Spain. No idea how it would be in American countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T18:51:46.513" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T18:51:46.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19032" CreationDate="2016-12-11T18:54:50.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás buscando más bien una palabra que permita definir a una suerte de troglodita voraz capaz de comer cualquier cosa... Lo veo difícil y no se me ocurren otras palabras que las siguientes: voraz, tragón, glotón, comilón. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si fuera específicamente por lo de un antónimo de escrupuloso, diría alguna de estas: indiferente, descuidado, despreocupado, inconsciente, imprudente... aunque no tienen estricta relación con las prácticas alimenticias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14427" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T18:54:50.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19018" CreationDate="2016-12-11T19:58:17.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, la primera aparición de la palabra en un texto con el significado que mencionas, es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;- ¿Y llevaba dinero encima?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;- Siempre. Dinero y alhajas; llevaba sobre su persona un capital. Pero no vayas a sospechar de mi novio. Es muy chulo, pero muy decente. No sé por qué me figuro que tú eres de la &lt;strong&gt;bofia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilio Carrere, &quot;La torre de los siete jorobados&quot;, circa 1923 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente aparición es en 1951:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando vienen los guardias, para que no las lleven detenidas, corren y se avisan unas a otras. Así, que no es raro ver de pronto doce o quince mujeres, corriendo y metiéndose en los portales, porque viene &quot;la &lt;strong&gt;bofia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Barea, &quot;La forja de un rebelde&quot;, 1951 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, ambos resultados son de España, donde sí se entiende la palabra. Ignoro si se usa o entiende en Hispanoamérica. Según el CREA, de 21 apariciones de la palabra en textos en los últimos 25 años, 20 son de textos españoles y 1 en un texto argentino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no he podido encontrar es la etimología, la explicación de por qué se usa &quot;bofia&quot; para &quot;policía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He continuado la búsqueda en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España, y me salen ocurrencias de allá por 1920: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000711233&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=bofia&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un &lt;em&gt;bofia&lt;/em&gt; es un policía&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. También he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0005049681&amp;amp;page=19&amp;amp;search=bofia&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este otro texto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ladrones dan actualmente el nombre&#xA;  de &quot;bofia&quot; a la Policía, su &quot;Enemigo malo&quot;&#xA;  de siempre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El caló usado en cárceles y presidios,&#xA;  como los idiomas y los dialectos, evoluciona y se renueva constantemente; así es que la Policía y polizontes se han ido transformando&#xA;  en el léxico privativo del hampa, quien primero les llamó &quot;la polilla&quot;; después, &quot;la carga&quot; y &quot;los cargueros&quot;; más&#xA;  tarde, &quot;la jarea&quot;, y ahora -como ya hemos dicho- &quot;la bofia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T20:16:46.887" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T20:16:46.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18399" CreationDate="2016-12-12T00:34:24.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additionally to the ones previously mentioned, consider &lt;strong&gt;boquete&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;aspillera&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;grieta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;strong&gt;aspillera&lt;/strong&gt; is not the most colloquial word to use, it is the closest there is to &lt;strong&gt;loophole&lt;/strong&gt; as the definition for both of them is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An arrow slit in a wall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aspillera&lt;/strong&gt; is derived from the latin &lt;em&gt;sagitta&lt;/em&gt;, which means &quot;arrow&quot; (yes, &lt;em&gt;Sagittarius&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;the archer&quot;, derives from it, too) and it is a narrow opening that goes deep into a thick defensive wall such as those used to protect castles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on that, a &lt;strong&gt;loophole&lt;/strong&gt; could be seen as a &lt;em&gt;small opening&lt;/em&gt;, in an otherwise solid defensive structure, which can be exploited to bypass its defenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boquete&lt;/strong&gt;, on the other hand, is not exactly an arrow slit in a wall but it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a &lt;em&gt;small opening&lt;/em&gt; that provides entry to an otherwise inaccessible&#xA;  place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;strong&gt;boquete&lt;/strong&gt; derives from &quot;boca&quot; (mouth), the meaning behind it is closely related to that of a &lt;strong&gt;loophole&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, &lt;strong&gt;legal loopholes&lt;/strong&gt; are often referred to as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-154778&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boquetes&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisco/2010/195187/6/atascado-en-un-boquete-legal.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;legales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. The word &lt;strong&gt;boquete&lt;/strong&gt; is usually associated with malicious intent since &quot;&lt;em&gt;breaching&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Spanish is to &quot;create a &lt;strong&gt;boquete&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, and thus it is associated with criminal activities since it is a habitual technique in burglary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, &lt;strong&gt;grieta&lt;/strong&gt; is a crack, which can also be associated to an exploitable &lt;em&gt;small opening&lt;/em&gt; and is also used to refer to &lt;strong&gt;legal loopholes&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lacronicabadajoz.com/noticias/espana/grieta-legal-abrio-tc-deja-libertad-etarra-antonio-troitino_68207.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grietas&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://ayuntamiento-barcelona.ciudadanos-cs.org/2016/07/07/cs-critica-que-colau-aproveche-una-grieta-legal-para-cerrar-el-cie-de-la-zona-franca-por-motivos-ideologicos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;legales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please notice that the links provided show examples of native usages of the terms, instead of translations of an existing article. Both &lt;strong&gt;boquete&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;grieta&lt;/strong&gt; can be used for &lt;a href=&quot;https://es-es.facebook.com/simyo/posts/10153256680240973&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IT&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tecnopasion.com/telefono-seguro-blackphone-grieta-seguridad-12400/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;related&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=12&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiBifvvsu3QAhUKs1QKHXRMAzAQFghTMAs&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Ftecnologia.elpais.com%2Ftecnologia%2F2014%2F04%2F09%2Factualidad%2F1397069299_064149.html&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNF_wTF3jgG6-4yQsKT2JSARL4K4CA&amp;amp;bvm=bv.141320020,d.eWE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;security&lt;/a&gt;; as a matter of fact, the first place where I heard the term was in an academic discussion about computer science.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T00:34:24.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19055" CreationDate="2016-12-12T03:09:34.590" Score="8" ViewCount="12994" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.milenio.com/policia/detienen_a_homicidas-actor_renato_lopez-pruebas_crimen_pasional-asesinato-milenio_0_863313671.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; identifies two men with a quoted &quot;N&quot; following their names. Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Policías de investigación del Estado de México detuvieron a Mario Alberto &lt;strong&gt;“N”&lt;/strong&gt; y José Pedro &lt;strong&gt;“N”&lt;/strong&gt;, presuntos autores materiales del asesinato del actor Renato López.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a middle initial? If so, why isn't it in the middle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.milenio.com/policia/detienen_a_homicidas-actor_renato_lopez-pruebas_crimen_pasional-asesinato-milenio_0_863313671.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este artículo&lt;/a&gt; identifica dos hombres usando un N en comillas. ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Policías de investigación del Estado de México detuvieron a Mario Alberto &lt;strong&gt;“N”&lt;/strong&gt; y José Pedro &lt;strong&gt;“N”&lt;/strong&gt;, presuntos autores materiales del asesinato del actor Renato López.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es una inicial media? Así ¿por qué no es en medio del nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8690" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T11:52:29.283" LastActivityDate="2020-05-08T20:04:36.343" Title="What does a quoted letter &quot;N&quot; following a name mean?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18962" CreationDate="2016-12-12T04:08:13.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in the comments, this is an intriguing question (or sets of questions). Let's address the different aspects brought in by you, one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this a nonce word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish differs from English in quite a few things, one of the main differences is that it has an organism which acts as a &quot;language authority&quot;. You will see several mentions of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Royal Academy (Real Academia Española)&lt;/a&gt; and its dictionary (El diccionario de la Real Academia de Española) when there is a serious discussion regarding words, terms and usage of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this important? It is important because this particular organism sets what is the closest to a &quot;&lt;em&gt;Language Standard&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and that affects the way &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonce_word&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nonce words&lt;/a&gt;&quot; would be handled. All nonce words are neologisms, and neologisms are handled by the Spanish Royal Academy to be &quot;officially&quot; recognized in the Spanish language, such was the case of &quot;cantinflear&quot;. An important criteria for a new word to be recognized is how widely used the word has become, in order for a word to be widely used, its meaning should be self-evident so that it can propagate among the Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, nonce words in Spanish are not that common. A nonce word might be used informally, mostly verbally, if it becomes popular enough it might eventually find its way to become a neologism and finally become recognized by the Spanish Royal Academy, which will lead to its inclusion in the Spanish dictionary. Only then, will that word find itself used in an article that can be considered &quot;formal&quot; such as a news article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, considering the fact that this word was used in a news article which reports on the official examination results performed by a police surgeon, the word could not be a nonce. It is either a formal medical term or a typographic error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this in mind let's take a look at your next question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the word were taken up in more widespread use, how might Spanish writers/speakers use the adjective &quot;hemicular&quot;, outside a medical context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A typical Spanish writer/speaker would use the dictionary to find what the adjective &quot;hemicular&quot; means, then they would make a decision if the word is clear and specific enough to use it instead of a well-known synonym. Another driver would be to avoid &quot;vocabulary poverty&quot; (pobreza de vocabulario) when writing an article, which would encourage them not to repeat the same words over and over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's take a look at your third point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wonder if that question may possibly be determined by its etymological roots. Is this word related to hémico (equivalent to the English hemic: &quot;of or relating to the blood or the circulatory system&quot;) ... or is it rather composed of the two Latin roots &quot;hemi-&quot; (half) + &quot;-culum&quot; (a diminutive or instrumental suffix)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering the etymological roots of &quot;hemicular&quot;, we have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hemicular: Relative to hemiculo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hemicular: Relative to hémico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we take a look at hemiculo, it would be a word composed only by a combination prefix and a suffix: &lt;em&gt;hemi&lt;/em&gt;- (half) and -&lt;em&gt;culum&lt;/em&gt; (small) which does not make sense. The English equivalent of this word would be akin to &quot;hemicle&quot;, and the phrase reported would be &quot;half-small line&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we take a look at hémico, then &quot;ular&quot; is redundant. If we consider hémico as &quot;Relative to the blood&quot;, then &quot;hemicular&quot; would be &quot;Relative to the Relative to the blood&quot;, the closest thing making sense would become &quot;Relative to the relation of the blood&quot;. In this particular case, the phrase reported would be &quot;the line relative to the blood&quot;, which would be closer to &quot;blood line&quot; or &quot;the line following the veins&quot;. If this was the intent, then the phrase in Spanish should have been &quot;línea hémica&quot; instead of &quot;línea hemicular&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that you mentioned you went to google translate to read the comments regarding your question, you can see that the native speakers tried to find the meaning of the word by either querying the dictionary or inferring it by context, which would be the first step in considering the usage of the word (as stated above when looking into point 2). Also, you must have noticed that all of them failed to find a result. If you query &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Spanish Royal Academy's dictionary&lt;/a&gt; you will not find &quot;hemicular&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra hemicular no está en el Diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nor &quot;hemiculo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra hemiculo no está registrada en el Diccionario. La entrada que se muestra a continuación podría estar relacionada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;edículo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, even more shockingly, not even &quot;hémico&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra hémico no está registrada en el Diccionario. Las entradas que se muestran a continuación podrían estar relacionadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;hético, ca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;húmico, ca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the Spanish Royal Academy's dictionary is the dictionary of the &quot;Spanish language authority&quot;, then that means the word does not exist. Since hemicular should not be a nonce word, then it must be a typographical error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the question is &quot;Isn't hémico a Spanish word?&quot; This is another interesting question, even though there have been cases of people using it in &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.casapia.com/que-es-el-hierro-hemico-y-no-hemico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blogs&lt;/a&gt;, the correct word recognized by the Spanish Royal Academy would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hemático&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. αἱματικός haimatikós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Med. Perteneciente o relativo a la sangre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundaciondelcorazon.com/nutricion/nutrientes/838-hierro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hemínico&lt;/a&gt; is also used in on-line &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundaciondelcorazon.com/nutricion/nutrientes/838-hierro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;medical&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ecured.cu/Hierro_Nutricional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publications&lt;/a&gt;, it is not in the Spanish dictionary, either. Apparently, this has also confused a few people who have translated &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/hemic-lymphatic-system.295258/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hemic system&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While translating &quot;hemic system&quot; to Spanish using Google translate yields &quot;sistema hémico&quot;, the proper Spanish translation is &quot;sistema hemático&quot;. There are few hits when you search for &quot;sistema hémico&quot; but a few are Portuguese which could explain the confusion between some Spanish speakers that use google as a replacement for the Spanish dictionary (being suggested to use words from other languages close to Spanish, such as Portuguese).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, let's address the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En forma pràctica se debe tomar el D1: si es positivo nuestro eje elèctrico se encuentra en el hemiculo izquierdo y si es negativo en el hemicirculo derecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This paragraph might not give us all we need to derive its meaning from context, so let's take more from the same source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En forma pràctica se debe tomar el D1: si es positivo nuestro eje elèctrico se encuentra en el &lt;strong&gt;hemiculo izquierdo&lt;/strong&gt; y si es negativo en el &lt;strong&gt;hemicirculo derecho&lt;/strong&gt; (-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego tomamos aVF, si en el trazado ECG es positivo, nuestro eje ocuparà el &lt;strong&gt;hemicurlo inferior&lt;/strong&gt; y si aVF es negativo la incripciòn ECG, ocuparà el &lt;strong&gt;hemicirculo superior&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we look at both paragraphs we can tell that they are instructions to determine where the electric axis is located, summarizing: if D1 is positive, it will be left hemi-circle, if it is negative it will be right hemi-circle, if aVF is positive, then it will be bottom hemi-circle, if it is negative it will be in the top hemi-circle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Hemiculo izquierdo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a typographic error, since both should refer to the &quot;hemi-circle&quot;, there is no official &quot;hemiculo&quot; word that Spanish people would use only to refer to the left side, just like there is no official &quot;hemicurlo&quot; word used only to refer to the bottom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As additional evidence, a search for the word &quot;hemiculo&quot; throws a result for &lt;a href=&quot;http://informatica.uv.es/iiguia/AIG/web_teoria/tema4.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an IT related paper&lt;/a&gt; with the following paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El siguiente paso en el algoritmo del hemicubo consiste en proyectar sobre las paredes del &lt;strong&gt;hemiculo&lt;/strong&gt; el&#xA;  resto la escena tomando un punto de vista centrado en el punto central del hemicubo y mirando cada vez&#xA;  a al centro de una de las cinco paredes del hemicubo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The paragraph describes an algorithm to project a scene on the walls of a &quot;hemi-cube&quot; (hemicubo), making a reference to &quot;the walls of the &lt;strong&gt;hemiculo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; when it clearly means &quot;hemicubo&quot;, the hint that perhaps there are some typographic errors in the work are right above the paragraph, in its heading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Proyección &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; la Escena sobre las paredes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This clearly should be &quot;Proyección &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; la Escena sobre las paredes&quot;. The example above just shows that there are a few technical papers on-line where some typographic errors occur. Also, when being more strict, the use of the french grave accent is incorrect in Spanish &quot;ocupar&lt;strong&gt;à&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; should be &quot;ocupar&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, showing that the article in question is not adhering entirely to proper written Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, the usage of &quot;hemicular&quot; appears to either be a typographical error or an incorrect term used by the police surgeon who could have used &quot;hemática&quot;, instead of &quot;hemicular&quot; (not &quot;hémica&quot;), if the intent was to use &quot;hemic line&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this particular context, I believe &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14346/abraham&quot;&gt;Abraham&lt;/a&gt;'s comment regarding &quot;&lt;em&gt;línea hemicular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; being a typographical error of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;línea hemi&lt;/strong&gt;clavi&lt;strong&gt;cular&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is what makes the most sense; however, there are a &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=5sTBZdt798YC&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA265&amp;amp;lpg=RA1-PA265&amp;amp;dq=%22linea%20hematica%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=bFdIYjstZl&amp;amp;sig=2TblGbalN681Sn2akXNrvH1tTK4&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjDksvAyvHQAhXM6iYKHY7_D40Q6AEIIjAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22linea%20hematica%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;few&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uninet.edu/cin2000/conferences/gainza/gainza.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;examples&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://slideplayer.es/slide/1033655/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;of&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://congresoenfermeria.es/libros/2011/salas/SALA%202_/Pag3/Mejorar%20la%20seguridad%20del%20paciente...pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;medical&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.uaemex.mx/Red_Ambientales/docs/memorias/Extenso/QA/EC/QAC-14.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publications&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267223613_EVALUACION_DE_RIESGOS_Y_EFECTOS_EN_LA_SALUD_DE_POBLACIONES_EXPUESTAS_A_PLOMO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;using&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://sorin.fleepit.com/PDFUSERS/Sorin_CP/011655_00.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;línea hemática&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T16:57:10.720" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19033" CreationDate="2016-12-12T05:33:42.077" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a small distinction between the two questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider the following exchange:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No he visto a Juan en la fiesta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Es que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I haven't seen Juan at this party&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Could it be that&lt;/strong&gt; you want to see him?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versus the next one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No he visto a Juan en la fiesta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I haven't seen Juan at this party&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Do you want to see him?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, there is a small tonal difference. The first one could lead to a playful teasing conversation &quot;Since when do you like Juan?&quot; while the second is more neutral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few phrases equivalent to &quot;¿Es que tienes ganas de verlo?&quot; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Será que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Podría ser que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Acaso&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo? (As mentioned by Paco)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Acaso es que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Acaso será que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Acaso podría ser que&lt;/strong&gt; tienes ganas de verlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see &quot;Acaso&quot; is somewhat optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this is from observation of Latin American usage of Spanish, so Paco's point is valid in Latin American countries, as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T05:33:42.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18857" CreationDate="2016-12-12T06:28:22.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es probable que la respuesta a esta pregunta no se encuentre en las reglas de puntuación sino en las cuestiones técnicas detrás de los textos mencionados. Recordemos que en esos tiempos la impresión de libros se realizaba de manera &quot;manual&quot;, es decir, los tipos (las piezas metálicas para aplicar la tinta al papel) se unían uno a uno a mano en un soporte, es hasta 1885 que se inventa la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linotipia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linotipia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto explica porque incluso &quot;ra&quot; en &quot;otras&quot; y &quot;(pri-)mera&quot; no es consistente: Su alineación vertical es diferente. De igual manera, explica porque a veces existe el espacio y otras no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que en un futuro haya gente que se pregunte acerca de las diferencias entre los trabajos que se llevaron a cabo en máquinas de escribir contra aquellos resultados de las primeras máquinas impresoras, una vez que las computadoras personales comenzaron a proliferar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T09:19:38.347" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T09:19:38.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19069" CreationDate="2016-12-12T12:55:07.490" Score="5" ViewCount="1819" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día aprendí el concepto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusividad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inclusividad&lt;/a&gt; aplicado al lenguaje:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;inclusividad&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;clusividad&lt;/strong&gt; es una distinción del sistema pronominal de las lenguas del mundo por el cual la primera persona del plural posee una forma inclusiva y otra forma exclusiva, respecto al oyente. Es decir, la primera persona plural inclusiva tiene una forma de pronombre que significa &quot;yo + tú + (posiblemente otros)&quot; y la forma de primera persona plural exclusiva significaría &quot;yo + otro(s), pero no tú&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El idioma español carece de este concepto, el cual aprendí en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYlVJlmjLEc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un vídeo&lt;/a&gt; (en inglés) que aplicaba el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hemos ganado la lotería!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo sabe la persona a la que se dirige la frase si él está incluido en la misma? ¿Cuál sería la forma más adecuada de añadir este concepto de inclusividad al español? Quiero decir, ¿cuál es la mejor forma de expresar en español &quot;nosotros incluido tú&quot; y &quot;nosotros excluido tú&quot;? Se admiten respuestas incluso aunque no correspondan al español actual, en caso de que en épocas antiguas existiera algún recurso para expresar este concepto que se haya perdido hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T15:19:35.737" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:03:25.960" Title="¿Cómo se podría aplicar el concepto de inclusividad en español?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-12T18:47:25.927" Score="2" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a final in Spanish and I am going back over my old tests and correcting my mistakes. I can't seem to figure out how to do this one and am not sure if I am getting the right answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the sentences I was given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instructions: Escribe la forma conjugada de los verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Me _______________(aburrir) escuchar las conversaciones de la política.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered &amp;quot;aburren&amp;quot; because the direct object is plural, but was marked wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain why my answer is wrong so I can correct myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14462" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T19:56:01.010" Title="Why is &quot;Me aburren escuchar las conversaciones de política&quot; wrong?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19045" CreationDate="2016-12-12T19:41:24.040" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was a bit tricky. The correct form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;aburre&lt;/strong&gt; escuchar las conversaciones de la política.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;aburren&lt;/strong&gt; las conversaciones de la política.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because in such case the subject is &lt;em&gt;las conversaciones de la política&lt;/em&gt;, thus a plural form. However, in the example that you were given, the subject is &lt;em&gt;escuchar las conversaciones de la política&lt;/em&gt;, which is singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta ver el fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, to use an example containing a plural form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta ver los toros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T19:56:01.010" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T19:56:01.010" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19049" CreationDate="2016-12-12T19:49:31.957" Score="2" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/q/1159/83&quot;&gt;una pregunta en Meta Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; vi que el título era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegó diciembre 2016, ¿cuándo &lt;strong&gt;iniciará&lt;/strong&gt; el Winter Bash?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sonó rarísimo para mí que hablo castellano de España, por lo que inmediatamente lo cambié por &lt;em&gt;comenzará&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¿cuándo comenzará el Winter Bash?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me quedé con la duda y busqué en el DRAE, que me explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LcKjRTa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iniciar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. initiāre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. comenzar (‖ dar principio a algo). Iniciar la marcha, la sesión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Introducir o instruir a alguien en la práctica de un culto o en las reglas de una sociedad, especialmente si se considera secreta o misteriosa. Lo iniciaron en aquel culto ancestral. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Proporcionar a alguien los primeros conocimientos o experiencias sobre algo. Su mentora lo inició en el arte desde muy pequeño. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. prnl. Dar comienzo. Fue allí donde se inició el incendio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Descarto la cuarta acepción en este contexto pues tiene valor pronominal, que no es el caso. En este caso sería la primera la que aplica, en la que actúa como verbo transitivo en calidad de sinónimo de comenzar. Por tanto, parece que mi intuición falló y que es correcto... pero sigo sin verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto? ¿Se usa corrientemente en algún lugar de habla hispana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T14:42:25.537" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T20:23:42.893" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;iniciar&quot; en &quot;¿cuándo iniciará Navidad?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19044" CreationDate="2016-12-12T20:17:38.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Responderé solo algunas preguntas, pues me resulta interesante pero tampoco tengo los conocimientos para responderlas todas, por ejemplo si alguna vez existió una forma concreta de expresar este concepto en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo sabe la persona a la que se dirige la frase si él está incluido en la misma?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es la mejor forma de expresar en español &quot;nosotros incluido tú&quot; y &quot;nosotros excluido tú&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contexto y lenguaje corporal (que no por que en este medio solo escribamos, deba desaparecer o debamos obviarlo). Principalmente contexto diría yo, tampoco es algo tan difícil de expresar o averiguar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Hombre, si es Pablo! ¿Cómo te va?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Qué tal, Manuel? ¡A mí genial! El otro día compramos un boleto de la lotería de navidad, ¡y hemos ganado un pastón!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No incluye al interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Oye, ¿has mirado el boleto que compramos el otro día?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Déjame ver... ¡Hostia! ¡Que hemos ganado la lotería!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluye al interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente he elegido contextos relativamente fáciles, pero sinceramente, tampoco se me ocurren muchas ocasiones en que fuera mucho más difícil deducirlo, y aún así, siempre está el lenguaje corporal (amén de especificar per sé que el interlocutor no está incluido):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¡Nosotros! - Dijo mi padre meneando su mano de un lado a otro, señalando al resto de mi familia - Vamos a salir. Tú no vas a ningún lado, que estás castigado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y así, con un dedo acusador aireando mi nariz, murieron mis esperanzas de salir a dar una vuelta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál sería la forma más adecuada de añadir este concepto de inclusividad al español?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te refieres a una palabra concreta solo para expresar ese concepto, no creo que sea necesario, pero tampoco es que haya muchas posibilidades, habría que &quot;inventarse&quot; una palabra nueva. A bote pronto no se me ocurre nada, la verdad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si te refieres a expresarlo con lo que tenemos ahora mismo, pues eso, contexto y lenguaje corporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T20:17:38.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19047" CreationDate="2016-12-12T20:23:42.893" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se te guías por lo que dice el DRAE, no es correcto. Justamente allí dice que &lt;em&gt;iniciar&lt;/em&gt; es equivalente a &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; en su uso transitivo, pero en la oración que citas el uso es intransitivo: &lt;em&gt;el Winter Bash&lt;/em&gt; es el sujeto, y no hay objeto directo ni indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso intransitivo de &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; sí está recogido por el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comenzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;empezar&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ dar principio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: &lt;strong&gt;empezar&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ tener principio). &lt;em&gt;Ahora comienza la misa. Aquí comienza el tratado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si más allá de lo que diga el diccionario &lt;em&gt;iniciar&lt;/em&gt; se usa de esa manera en algún lugar, al menos a mí también me suena extraño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T20:23:42.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19040" CreationDate="2016-12-12T20:51:56.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is because of the presumption of innocence; one is innocent until proven otherwise. If the news paper were to release the real names of the individuals involved or a photo of their faces it would be incurring in a crime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, any evidence that is found later it can be discussed by lawyers arguing that it was found because of publicity of the defendants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14463" LastEditorUserId="8690" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T20:34:56.513" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T20:34:56.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19061" CreationDate="2016-12-13T14:42:34.140" Score="6" ViewCount="5192" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tablas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es otra forma de denominar un empate, pero solo se aplica en determinados juegos como las damas o el ajedrez. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ysg8s8S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;29&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. En el juego de damas o en el de ajedrez, estado en el cual ninguno de los jugadores puede ganar la partida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. Empate entre competidores. Hacer tablas un asunto. Quedar tablas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente se usa el término &lt;em&gt;empate&lt;/em&gt;, especialmente en el ámbito deportivo. En el ajedrez (creo que para el juego de damas no hay competiciones de relevancia suficiente como para ver el término usado en los medios de comunicación) se usa sin embargo &lt;em&gt;tablas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si observamos la entrada número 30 vemos que el uso de &lt;em&gt;tablas&lt;/em&gt; para describir una situación de empate técnico se puede usar en otros ámbitos (como una discusión o una negociación) y seguramente este uso proviene del uso del término en el ajedrez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en ajedrez usamos &lt;em&gt;tablas&lt;/em&gt; para referirnos al empate? ¿De dónde viene el uso de &quot;tablas&quot; con esta acepción? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-04T13:21:18.737" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T13:21:18.737" Title="¿Por qué en ajedrez podemos terminar en &quot;tablas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;juegos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19051" CreationDate="2016-12-13T15:35:54.350" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Explicación larga:&lt;/em&gt; No hay nada más que hacer, ¿volvemos a entablar las fichas sobre el tablero de ajedrez?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resumida:&lt;/em&gt; ¿entablamos? ¿hacemos tablas? (para poder empezar otra vez y ver quien gana porque ya no es posible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando una de las definiciones de entablar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JUEGOS: Poner las piezas de un juego de tablero en el lugar que les corresponde para empezar a jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que guarda relación con otra: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Empezar cualquier tipo de acción, actividad, negociación o conversación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T15:36:45.743" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T15:36:45.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19032" CreationDate="2016-12-13T15:43:55.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay un antónimo directo, ni siquiera restringiendo el uso del termino para la comida, porque dependiendo del contexto hay un rango amplio de significados para lo que quieres expresar, y es uso es muy subjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien que no tiene reparos o remilgos en comerse algo, puede ser simplemente &lt;code&gt;despreocupado&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;descuidado&lt;/code&gt; o llegar a &lt;code&gt;negligente&lt;/code&gt;. O quizá sea solo un &lt;code&gt;inconsciente&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuantos dias despues de la fecha de caducidad te puedes comer un yogur (a sabiendas de que lo haces)? Si es uno o dos dias despues yo diría (y es una aplicación completamente subjetiva del termino) que alguien es &lt;code&gt;despreocupado&lt;/code&gt;. Estoy seguro de que no pasa nada. Mi mujer en cambio nunca haría lo mismo (vamos, ya duda si es el mismo día de la fecha...) y para ella tal persona seria seguramente &lt;code&gt;descuidada&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;inconsciente&lt;/code&gt; de lo que le puede llegar a pasar. Si pasa una semana de la fecha alguien ya esta siendo un poco &lt;code&gt;negligente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay gente que no quiere comer cierto tipo de comida solo por el sabor o la textura, o incluso la procedencia. Por ejemplo, con unos callos madrileños. Para algunos sera el saber de donde vienen, mientras que para otros será el sabor o la textura la razón por la que no lo quieran comer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como este espectro se puede dar para muchas cosas y es tan subjetivo, como quitarle lo pocho y comerte el resto de la fruta, el sabor de la comida aunque no este mala (por caduca) y similar, es muy difícil encontrar un antónimo directo para &quot;escrupuloso con la comida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es mas frecuente ver un: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tiene remilgos/reparos en comerse XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o similar, ya sea por el sabor, la apariencia, la calidad, o la salubridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T16:21:14.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T16:21:14.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19032" CreationDate="2016-12-13T16:30:51.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la RAE encontramos &lt;strong&gt;inescrupuloso&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LT6Zqt6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LT6Zqt6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que carece de escrúpulos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho o hecho sin escrúpulos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que por definición es el antónimo de &lt;strong&gt;escrupuloso&lt;/strong&gt; en todos los sentidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T16:30:51.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19040" CreationDate="2016-12-13T19:35:13.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo he &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/mexico/comments/5i3cxk/what_does_a_quoted_letter_n_following_a_name_mean/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;preguntado en un Reddit de México&lt;/a&gt; y me han dado distintas respuestas, todas coincidentes en señalar que esa &quot;N&quot; equivale a &quot;No Nombre&quot; y es usada para indicar una inicial supuesta, no la real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's used to refer legally to a person who's last name is unknown, or whose last name may not be revealed for legal reasons.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  It's similar to &quot;John Doe&quot; in that sense, which in Spanish is &quot;N. N.&quot; (Meaning &quot;No Nombre&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Because it denotes that that letter is a supposed name instead of a real one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Because it is some kind of pseudonym to preserve the identity of said person. It is &quot;N&quot; to emphasize the fact that it is not a real name. If it didn't have the quotes, it could mean that his/her last name actually starts with N.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T19:42:43.250" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T19:42:43.250" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-12-13T19:35:21.513" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18968" CreationDate="2016-12-13T20:58:06.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de esta expresión es de su equivalente en Inglés &quot;&lt;em&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Silver_Bullet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no silver bullet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, la cual se utiliza mucho en el campo de la Ingeniería en Sistemas. Su popularidad se debe a un &lt;a href=&quot;http://worrydream.com/refs/Brooks-NoSilverBullet.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; escrito por &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Brooks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fred Brooks&lt;/a&gt; en 1986, el cual se ha discutido a menudo en el área de Sistemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo en cuestión utiliza el término &quot;silver bullet&quot; (bala de plata) frecuentemente, una de las frases más relevantes para entender la expresión se encuentra en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://worrydream.com/refs/Brooks-NoSilverBullet.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo mencionado anteriormente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, Ada will not prove to be the &lt;strong&gt;silver bullet&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;that slays the software productivity monster&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la cual se traduce como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, (el lenguaje de progamación) Ada no será la &lt;strong&gt;bala de plata&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;que elimine al monstruo de la productividad del desarrollo de software&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase permite ver la analogía más claramente: Brooks compara el problema de productividad en el área del desarrollo de software con una criatura mística a la que se puede eliminar con una bala de plata y se dedica a explicar por qué tal bala de plata no existe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la comunidad de desarrollo de software, la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;There is no silver bullet&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es un recordatorio, una advertencia, que no existe una solución mágica (ni única) que funcione en todas las situaciones contra un problema que se percibe como místico (Es decir, que no se le ha encontrado o buscado razones específicas). También sirve para invitar al análisis de un problema para desmistificarlo y así encontrarle una solución racional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, la acepción de bala de plata en Inglés es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Un medio infalible de ataque o defensa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Un simple remedio para un problema difícil u obstinado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón detrás de la plata en particular es no solamente por el mito de los licántropos sino porque existe la creencia (errónea) que la mayoría de las criaturas sobrenaturales son vulnerables a la plata. Algunas obras de ficción orientales y occidentales hacen mención de la plata siendo el único metal que afecta tanto a vampiros y hombres lobro, lo cual lleva a los protagonistas a recurrir a armas de plata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así bien, se perciben las pistolas como las armas más versátiles para la caza y protección (siendo que en los Estados Unidos es popular el obtener armas para ambos propósitos). Por lo tanto, una bala de plata (en teoría) brindaría la mayor versatilidad y efectividad posible para enfrentar a las fuerzas sobrenaturales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la cuestión de por qué un Mexicano usaría el término &quot;bala de plata&quot; en lugar de &quot;panacea&quot; es debido a la cercanía cultural con los Estados Unidos. En mi caso en particular, la primera vez que escuché la frase en una discusión de informática tomé nota de ella y me he visto tentado a usarla cuando hablo en español, a pesar de que mi primera impresión fue &quot;ah, es el equivalente de la panacea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, la diferencia intrínsica entre una bala de plata y la panacea es el enfoque que se le da: La panacea es para &lt;strong&gt;curar o remediar&lt;/strong&gt; cualquier mal, la bala de plata es para &lt;strong&gt;eliminar&lt;/strong&gt; cualquier criatura mística. Otra diferencia siendo que la panacea no existe, mientras que una bala de plata se puede manufacturar para todos aquellos que crean en lo sobrenatural (o los ingenieros que se burlan de otros, regalando balas de plata a los ingenuos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T10:40:25.577" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T10:40:25.577" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19025" CreationDate="2016-12-13T21:07:06.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;None. And it may be not surprising. Although in other contexts these words may be synonyms, in software we specialized their meanings, in order to describe phases of software development (or software engineering). What is worse, Spanish had to catch up with terms in a different language as technologies an methodologies developed. I don't think the Spanish terms lack a depth of meaning that terms may have in different languages. I just think these terms got &quot;&lt;em&gt;overloaded&lt;/em&gt;&quot; when incorporated to the software industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Diseñar&lt;/code&gt; would imply that you were involved in the early stages of the project/application, lets say, the &lt;em&gt;Análisis de requerimientos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Especificación&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Diseño de la arquitectura o modelo&lt;/em&gt; and the like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Desarrollar&lt;/code&gt; implies &lt;em&gt;Programación&lt;/em&gt; or the &lt;em&gt;coding&lt;/em&gt; itself. In the context of software engineering it will probably imply testing and debugging. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to convey the (full life cycle of the) development of software for a given project (at least until the development phase, according to your question. I don't know if Q&amp;amp;A is intended as well to be on the scope of the meaning of the word you are looking for...). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So unfortunately, &lt;em&gt;desarrollo&lt;/em&gt; (development) is (or has become) ambiguous enough to carry both the meaning of just a specific step of the development cycle (coding) and the boarder meaning that it has in different context (meaning realization, fulfillment or &quot;bring to existence&quot; of an idea, project, task, ...) thus meaning &quot;whole software life cycle development&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to describe on your (Spanish) resume that you took part both on the coding and the analysis-design of an application you will need to be explicit about it, since no single word covers both &quot;&lt;em&gt;Diseño y desarrollo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; without ambiguity in software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T07:41:40.330" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T07:41:40.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19058" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19059" CreationDate="2016-12-14T05:35:45.423" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapline&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trapline&lt;/a&gt; into Spanish? &#xA;I would like to translate the term that refers to the fur trade in North America, and something like &quot;línea de trampas&quot; sounds rather odd. I'd appreciate any feedback. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14373" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T06:29:57.860" Title="Translating &quot;trapline&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19058" CreationDate="2016-12-14T06:02:33.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I am not sure if there is a special term for this practice (I haven't found it), you might want to look into the definition of trapline to get some hints of how to translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a trapline is a route along which a trapper sets traps for his or her quarry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key here would be in &quot;&lt;em&gt;route&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which could give you the following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ruta de trampas (&lt;em&gt;trap route&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sendero de trampas (&lt;em&gt;trap route/road&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Camino de trampas (&lt;em&gt;trap road&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secuencia de trampas (&lt;em&gt;sequence of traps&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trampas secuenciales (&lt;em&gt;sequential traps&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trampas en secuencia (&lt;em&gt;traps in sequence&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that will get you started with a better translation than &quot;&lt;em&gt;línea de trampas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further research indicates others have translated this as &quot;trampas en línea&quot; (&lt;em&gt;traps in a line&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T06:29:57.860" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T06:29:57.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18968" CreationDate="2016-12-14T06:05:47.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es tan común la expresión, su uso esta permitido como herramienta poética la figura utilizada es la metáfora. En este caso el marco común son los mitos y leyendas por lo que su uso será siempre el mismo y su trasfondo será casi siempre el místico puesto que hace parte de la literatura universal y su uso será aceptado en todo texto o conversación que acepte el uso de metáforas. Su interpretación dependerá del conocimiento del receptor con respecto al uso místico de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de este tipo de metáforas es el &lt;strong&gt;talón de Aquiles&lt;/strong&gt; su significado viene del mito de Troya. Y significa el único punto débil. Su significado es entendido por cualquiera que conozca el mito de Troya. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T16:15:55.810" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T16:15:55.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19051" CreationDate="2016-12-14T10:28:10.273" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://recreoanacronista.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/book-of-games-alfonso-x-1283.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Libro de los juegos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (PDF, en inglés), publicado en Sevilla en 1283 y mandado escribir directamente por orden de Alfonso X, el primero en el que se ordenan y establecen las reglas del ajedrez y otros juegos en España, los juegos de &quot;tablas&quot; eran juegos pertenecientes a una misma familia (los juegos de tablero), como el backgammon (conocido en España como &quot;tablas reales&quot;). La palabra &quot;tablas&quot; hacía referencia en realidad a las fichas que se disponían sobre el tablero, más que al tablero en sí. Por ejemplo, habla acerca de un juego llamado &quot;quinze tablas&quot; en el que cada jugador dispone de quince fichas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, hasta 1867 todas las partidas de ajedrez de los torneos oficiales que acabaran en &quot;tablas&quot; debían jugarse nuevamente. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draw_(chess)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, en un torneo en París disputado aquel año hubo tantas tablas que los organizadores tuvieron serios problemas para desarrollar el torneo, y se tuvieron que cambiar las reglas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si unimos esto a lo comentado anteriormente, la expresión parece provenir sencillamente de que para determinar el ganador de una partida finalizada en empate se debían disponer de nuevo las &quot;tablas&quot; (fichas) sobre el tablero. ¿Por qué solo se usa el término en el ajedrez? Bueno, en realidad en otros juegos &quot;de tablas&quot; se usa también el término. En el juego de las damas también se puede acabar una partida en tablas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T18:32:49.207" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T18:32:49.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19108" CreationDate="2016-12-14T15:51:11.047" Score="6" ViewCount="14753" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es común decir en tono algo jocoso que alguien &lt;em&gt;está confundiendo la velocidad con el tocino&lt;/em&gt; para decirle que está mezclando cosas muy diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Cristiano Ronaldo no puede haber defraudado a Hacienda. Al fin y al cabo es un gran futbolista.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - A ver, no confundamos la velocidad con el tocino: evadir impuestos no tiene nada que ver con meter goles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto: ¿por qué se eligió &quot;velocidad&quot; y &quot;tocino&quot;? Ambas son extremadamente diferentes incluso en su sonoridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T16:34:19.410" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T16:39:30.550" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;confundir la velocidad con el tocino&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17018" CreationDate="2016-12-14T20:07:22.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este PDF proveé información adicional sobre el concepto de las cajas en la impresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nebrija.es/~mramos/PB3187/teoria/Tipo.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nebrija.es/~mramos/PB3187/teoria/Tipo.pdf&lt;/a&gt; (ver pág. 9)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace sentido este concepto aunque no este bien documentado. Sobre la impresión, estamos acostrumbrados a pensar en ella en su forma física tangible (un libro), pero tenemos la impresión digital, especialmente hoy día con los libros electrónicos/digitales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sensible a la caja&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;discrimina la caja&lt;/strong&gt; parece ser una traducción aceptable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro argumento a favor de esta traducción sería disminución en la cantidad de letras utilizadas comparado a la expresión: &lt;strong&gt;Discrimina mayúscula/minúscula&lt;/strong&gt;. El uso esta frase es típicamente es un mensaje de asistencia en una pagina web (creación de una cuenta) y estos deben ser cortos e informativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12350" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T20:07:22.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19065" CreationDate="2016-12-15T01:26:16.720" Score="4" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently shown the Spanish cartoon below and I'm having trouble understanding it. When I translate it directly, I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am turning myself off!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;   I am turning myself off!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;   I don't have a connection!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &quot;me apago&quot; is an usual use of apagar, which can be inferred as both I am dimming myself (extinguishing myself) and as I am turning myself off. However, I just don't understand the comical side of the cartoon/what is the bigger picture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A8z8X.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A8z8X.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14349" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T02:13:39.717" Title="Understanding a cartoon" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19064" CreationDate="2016-12-15T04:44:06.523" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the humor behind this particular cartoon is that this man can no longer think by himself and is depending upon an Internet connection for him to perform the most basic brain functions such as &quot;&lt;em&gt;staying on&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;&lt;em&gt;me apago&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could be correctly translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;I am turning myself off&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in this particular context is more like &quot;&lt;em&gt;I am powering off&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. When you turn on an electrical device you are &quot;&lt;em&gt;powering it on&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, when you turn it off you are &quot;&lt;em&gt;powering it off&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. As mentioned by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/3058/jdamian&quot;&gt;Jdamian&lt;/a&gt;, this would be akin to &quot;&lt;em&gt;I am shutting down&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which was what I was looking for when writing this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;No tengo conexión&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is frequently used to express &quot;&lt;em&gt;I have no Internet connection&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;I have no phone service&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I am assuming in this context he (or his brain) is expressing &quot;&lt;em&gt;I am powering off (I am shutting down), I have no internet connection&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. He is expressing this in an anxious manner, so this cartoon might be trying to make fun of how nowadays people can't do anything unless they are connected to the Internet because they can't think for themselves. It's obviously an exaggeration, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is more to this cartoon (like other panels, a caption, a tool-tip, etc.) please share it, it might help to understand its meaning since the punchline could be hidden there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: Thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;, it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2016/12/07/opinion/1481129662_113577.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clear that there is no hidden punchline for this cartoon&lt;/a&gt;. I had suspected &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/autor/el_roto/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the author&lt;/a&gt; was making fun of younger generations for their inability to do anything without an Internet connection but I refrained from adding such conclusion since there was no proof that the author would be of an older generation (I didn't know it was &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/autor/el_roto/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Roto&lt;/a&gt;); however, it appears my suspicions were not far off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T02:13:39.717" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19068" CreationDate="2016-12-15T05:26:00.837" Score="8" ViewCount="936" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;en aras de&quot; the accepted translation of &quot;for the sake of&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you want to translate something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;they are fighting &lt;em&gt;for the sake of&lt;/em&gt; their freedom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ellos luchan &lt;strong&gt;en aras de&lt;/strong&gt; su libertad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14373" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T07:58:10.773" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T07:58:26.877" Title="How to translate &quot;for the sake of&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19066" CreationDate="2016-12-15T06:23:14.903" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that would be acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;en aras de&quot; means something like &quot;in the interest of&quot;, &quot;because of&quot; - which is how &quot;for the sake of&quot; is defined as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &quot;en aras de&quot; you might use &quot;por&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ellos luchan &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; su libertad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T07:58:26.877" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T07:58:26.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19044" CreationDate="2016-12-15T06:54:27.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente hace tiempo encontré &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/14438/is-there-any-language-that-uses-different-pronouns-for-we-depending-on-whether&quot;&gt;una pregunta acerca de este concepto en Inglés&lt;/a&gt;, donde se explicaba que en vietnamita se utilizan &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_pronouns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronombres particulares&lt;/a&gt; para excluir (&lt;em&gt;chúng tôi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chúng tao&lt;/em&gt;) e incluir (&lt;em&gt;chúng ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mình&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chúng mình&lt;/em&gt;) al interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa pregunta me hizo reflexionar acerca del concepto y cómo utilizarlo en Español de una manera muy similar aquí. A continuación compartiré algunas de mis conclusiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primeramente, fui incapaz de encontrar si existía un pronombre &quot;&lt;em&gt;prehistórico&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, a mí parecer, tales pronombres por lo menos deberían estar en el Quijote de Cervantes. Sin embargo, debo decir que no tuve suerte en un lugar de la Mancha de cuyo pronombre no pude encontrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ingeniosos hidalgos aparte, consideraría que si tales pronombres no están en la obra que consolidó la lengua Española su existencia sería más allá de dudosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que si se ha de encontrar cómo aplicar el concepto de clusividad es necesario buscar otras alternativas para lograrlo. Siendo que el Español lleva siglos en uso, es probable que hayan mecanismos para expresar este concepto. El primero que pensé es el uso de lenguaje corporal mencionado por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/13956/nox&quot;&gt;Nox&lt;/a&gt;, pero ese recurso va más allá del Español en sí, dado que se puede aplicar a cualquier lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posteriormente, recordé frases en las que se excluían a los interlocutores. Bajo esta perspectiva, &quot;nosotros&quot; siempre sería inclusivo (incluyendo al interlocutor) hasta que se realizará la aclaración explícita de que se le excluye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí ejemplos de tal implementación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros, menos tú, vamos a salir. &lt;em&gt;(Excluyendo al interlocutor)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros, excluyéndote, vamos a salir. &lt;em&gt;(Excluyendo al interlocutor)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros, excluyendo la presente compañía, vamos a salir. &lt;em&gt;(Excluyendo al interlocutor)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros vamos a salir sin ti. &lt;em&gt;(Excluyendo al interlocutor)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos/Ellas/&lt;em&gt;Grupo&lt;/em&gt; y yo vamos a salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nuestra familia va a salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros, los adultos, vamos a salir. &lt;em&gt;(Excluyendo a los interlocutores menores)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más notable de estos ejemplos es el uso de dos herramientas &quot;linguísticas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El uso de un pronombre que no incluye al interlocutor más la inclusión explícita de la primera persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El uso de una unidad grupal que claramente excluye al interlocutor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de la unidad grupal que excluya al interlocutor es el más ambiguo, ya que requiere conocimiento de la persona a la que uno se refiere. Esto es más difícil lograrlo al escribir por lo que un recurso literario sería el escribir en tercera persona, evitando una narración en primer persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así bien, se pueden aplicar inversamente para indicar la inclusión explícita del interlocutor en caso de desar implementar el concepto de inclusión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ustedes/tú y yo vamos a salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A final de cuentas, espero que los ejemplos anteriores sirvan para recordarnos frases de nuestra niñez en las personas mayores tenían que ingeniárselas para expresar la inclusión y exclusión de un grupo. A mí el ejercicio me recordó familiares y maestros con frases semejantes a las presentadas anteriormente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:54:12.857" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:31:48.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19070" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19072" CreationDate="2016-12-15T09:47:12.290" Score="7" ViewCount="1306" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Spanish language's pronunciation systematic? That is: do pronunciation and alphabet correspond to each other? If so, I will be able to learn Spanish's pronunciation easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es la pronunciación del español sistemática? Es decir, ¿se corresponde el alfabeto con la pronunciación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13528" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T09:53:06.177" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T21:23:58.650" Title="Is Spanish language's pronunciation systematic?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19070" CreationDate="2016-12-15T10:46:08.067" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish spelling is one of the most consistent ones, but there's NO such thing as a perfect alphabet which has 1 to 1 correspondences to sounds. This works in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you know the spelling, you know the pronunciation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you know the pronunciation, you know the spelling most times, but not always.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because there are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;different letters for the same sound (e.g. ‹j›, ‹g(e/i)› for /x/)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;different sounds for the same letter (e.g. /k, θ/ can be represented by ‹c›)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a silent letter (‹h› except for ‹ch›)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in general everything is quite consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T10:46:08.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19070" CreationDate="2016-12-15T10:54:11.727" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con muy escasas excepciones, la pronunciación del español es sistemática. Es decir: una persona que conozca las reglas del lenguaje debe ser capaz de leer correctamente cualquier texto escrito en español, aunque incluya palabras desconocidas para ella. La correspondencia inversa, en cambio, no existe: existen sonidos que se pueden representar por más de una letra, por lo que escuchar el sonido de una palabra no siempre nos indica unívocamente la forma en que se escribe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas escasas excepciones suelen corresponder a palabras de origen extranjero. Así, la palabra &lt;em&gt;freudiano&lt;/em&gt; se suele pronunciar &lt;em&gt;/froidiáno/&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;hockey&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia aspirada y la palabra &lt;em&gt;majorette&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;/mayorét/&lt;/em&gt;. Estos casos vienen marcados muchas veces en el diccionario, habitualmente poniendo la palabra en cursiva, lo que indica un extranjerismo crudo (es decir, uno cuya grafía no se ha adaptado al español).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra excepción es la &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; arcaica, usada sobre todo en México. Por motivos históricos, se mantiene la &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; en la grafía de algunos nombres propios pese a que esa letra ya no se pronuncia con el sonido propio de la letra &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;/méjico/&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;/méksico/&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como digo, estas excepciones son escasas. La mayoría de los textos en español que puedas encontrar siguen las reglas de pronunciación y no ofrecen mayores problemas para un lector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T10:54:11.727" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19070" CreationDate="2016-12-15T11:07:45.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to expand Paco answer to explain a little bit more the concept, lets take an easy example. The letter &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; will be ok I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the letter that comes after &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; or any consonant, or when the letter &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; is the last letter of the word, you pronounce &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt;. Some examples are &lt;em&gt;fra&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;té&lt;strong&gt;cn&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;sa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;sa&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;rioso&lt;/em&gt;. In other case you pronounce &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt; depending on the region and country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that doesn't change the pronunciation of the vowels: &lt;strong&gt;casa&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't pronunciate as &lt;em&gt;kaisa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;keisa&lt;/em&gt; or any other. The letter &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; keeps it own pronunciation whatever happens with &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;.  Also in &lt;strong&gt;técnico&lt;/strong&gt; both letters &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;N&lt;/strong&gt; keeps their own pronunciation, you just pronounce them one after another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens with words that pronounce as &lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt; but have &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;? In that cases you use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;qu&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and don't pronounce the vowel &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;F.I. the words &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;quitar&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;querer&lt;/strong&gt;, pronounces as &lt;strong&gt;ke&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;kitar&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;kerer&lt;/strong&gt;. As before, the rest of the letters keeps their own pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as Paco said, all the thing is pretty consistent, and almost always you'll pronunciate each letter their own way, only one way.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;But&lt;/strong&gt;, as Paco said too, it's not a perfect 1:1 relation, there are some exceptions that you have to study and practice. There are not so much exceptions, I think five or six rules like the &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; one, but yes, they exists and you have to study them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T11:07:45.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16948" CreationDate="2016-12-15T11:40:01.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Juicioso en Colombia significa quieto, tranquilo. Asi cuando uno dice &quot;en casa juicioso&quot; significa &quot;en casa tranquilo&quot; (&quot;à la maison tranquille&quot; en francés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14487" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T13:53:32.747" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T13:53:32.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19082" CreationDate="2016-12-15T15:23:56.700" Score="5" ViewCount="4661" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer fui a recoger mis gafas nuevas, y la dependienta me preguntaba &quot;where are your &lt;em&gt;sidekicks&lt;/em&gt;?&quot; en referencia a mi mujer y mi hijo de dos años, que anduvo zascandileando por la tienda la semana pasada, cuando fui a hacerme las gafas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario define &lt;code&gt;sidekick&lt;/code&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a person's assistant or close associate, especially one who has less authority than that person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wordreference propone como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=sidekick&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;posibles traducciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;secuaz, compinche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me gusta ninguna de esas traducciones, ya que tienen ciertas connotaciones, como si ambas personas estuviese enredando o formasen parte de una banda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt; es más que un &quot;esbirro, secuaz, compinche o ayudante&quot;. Robin es el sidekick de Batman, y el Capitan America tiene su propio &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt;, Bucky. Incluso podemos pensar en Sancho Panza como el &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt; de Don Quijote. Asi que mas que un simple ayudante el &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt; se convierte a veces en un &lt;code&gt;protegido&lt;/code&gt; o un &lt;code&gt;aprendiz&lt;/code&gt;. Es incluso más que eso, es un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidekick&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;close companion or colleague&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, de acuerdo a Wikipedia, apelando a que a difencia de los &quot;henchmen, minions, or lackeys&quot; de los villanos, los héroes forman un vínculo con sus &lt;em&gt;sidekicks&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí lo mejor que se me ocurre es &lt;code&gt;compañero de aventuras&lt;/code&gt;, pero esta traducción deja fuera la connotación de que el &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt; suele ser un protegido, con menos habilidad o experiencia que el personaje principal en la literatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería una mejor traducción para &lt;strong&gt;sidekick&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T15:35:31.290" LastActivityDate="2020-12-04T15:54:14.087" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;Sidekick&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19075" CreationDate="2016-12-15T15:57:29.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la ocasión a la que refieres, yo utilizaría la palabra &lt;strong&gt;acompañante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como Sancho Panza es el acompañante de Don Quijote en sus aventuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T15:57:29.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19075" CreationDate="2016-12-15T17:22:54.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparte del &lt;em&gt;compinche&lt;/em&gt; que menciona @blonfu en un comentario, me gusta la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0WsNdwK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acólito&lt;/a&gt;. Si bien sus significados principales en español son religiosos, también se ha extendido a otros ámbitos, volviendo al significado etimológico de la palabra (&lt;em&gt;el que sigue o acompaña&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra puede tener un sentido algo peyorativo en algunos casos, haciendo referencia a alguien que nunca va a ningún sitio sin su jefe; pero lo mismo ocurre con el inglés &lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt;. Pero ese sentido peyorativo puede ser más humorístico en casos como los de la pregunta, cuando hacen referencia a familiares, especialmente si son niños (nadie puede considerar criticable que un niño acompañe a sus padres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T17:22:54.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19075" CreationDate="2016-12-15T19:14:14.690" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0m2Qr5J&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adlátere&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alterac. del lat. &lt;em&gt;a latĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'al lado', por confusión de las preps. lats. &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; 'desde' y &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; 'junto a'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de una cosa: Aledaña o supeditada a otra. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. y f. despect. Persona subordinada a otra de la que parece inseparable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14480" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T19:14:14.690" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18949" CreationDate="2016-12-15T22:43:58.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to be able to translate the difference between these two terms it is necessary to understand the distinction between &quot;&lt;em&gt;in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which could be accomplished by contrasting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deed&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Something that is done, performed, or accomplished; an act:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do a good deed every day.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fact&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;something that actually exists; reality; truth:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your fears have no basis in fact.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Spanish would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;acción&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. So, when you prove something &quot;&lt;em&gt;in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you would be proving it with deeds (actions), when you prove something &quot;&lt;em&gt;in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you would be proving it with facts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;In fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could be translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;en/con/de hecho&lt;/em&gt;&quot; while &quot;&lt;em&gt;In deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could be translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;en/con/de acción/obra&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  So, a Spanish equivalent to &quot;&lt;em&gt;prove it in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;pruébalo con acciones/obras&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and an equivalent to &quot;&lt;em&gt;prove it in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;pruébalo con hechos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very common translations of the use &quot;&lt;em&gt;She is beautiful, in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (and &quot;&lt;em&gt;She is beautiful, &lt;strong&gt;indeed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;de hecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;ciertamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;en verdad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;en realidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;en efecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;verdaderamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;realmente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella, &lt;strong&gt;efectivamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it makes more sense in Spanish to phrase these translations a little differently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De hecho&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ciertamente&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En verdad&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En realidad&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En efecto&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verdaderamente&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Realmente&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Efectivamente&lt;/strong&gt;, ella es bella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;&lt;em&gt;She is beautiful in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; the translations would be a little different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella &lt;strong&gt;por sus acciones/obras&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella es bella &lt;strong&gt;con sus acciones/obras&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sus acciones/obras&lt;/strong&gt; la hacen bella (&lt;em&gt;her deeds make her beautiful&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sus acciones/obras&lt;/strong&gt; la embellecen (&lt;em&gt;her deeds make her beautiful&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the closest in Spanish would be to make a reference of the impact of the deed in a particular context. (&lt;em&gt;Her deeds make her&lt;/em&gt; beautiful).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiously, the closest there is to an example of this concept in native Spanish is the following phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los hijos y los maridos, &lt;strong&gt;por sus obras&lt;/strong&gt; son queridos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be similar to &quot;&lt;em&gt;The children and husbands are loved by their deeds&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example from the previously mentioned strategy to translate this concept by alluring to the deeds can be found in another native Spanish phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sus obras&lt;/strong&gt; la enaltecen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be roughly similar to: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Her deeds upraise her&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, referring to the impact of her deeds have on her character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please keep in mind that not all concepts in a particular language have an exact equivalent in all other languages. So, sometimes some compromises have to be made in order to communicate a particular idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/63089/indeed-in-deed-indid-in-did&quot;&gt;the link provided to the subtle difference between &quot;&lt;em&gt;in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Actually, indeed comes from a shortening of 'in deed'. This was when 'in deed' was similar in usage to 'in fact'. Over time, the meaning of deed has evolved I guess, hence the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular comment sheds some light on how &quot;&lt;em&gt;in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot; might have become &quot;&lt;em&gt;indeed&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. If that is the case, then the options given for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;indeed&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; should suffice when looking for a suitable translation. If you still feel that there is a more noticeable difference between &quot;&lt;em&gt;in fact&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;in deed&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, please update your question and provide further examples that help native Spanish speakers understand the subtle distinction between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T22:43:58.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19075" CreationDate="2016-12-16T03:38:44.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que considero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0m2Qr5J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adlátere&lt;/a&gt;, propuesto por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14480/user&quot;&gt;user&lt;/a&gt;, como la palabra ideal para traducir &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt;&quot; debo admitir que (desgraciadamente) no la he visto usada coloquialmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho eso, voy a proponer algunas alternativas basadas tanto en traducciones previamente aceptadas como términos usados en español para describir el concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como menciona &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14489/ramon-san&quot;&gt;Ramon-san&lt;/a&gt;, Sancho Panza es el primer personaje en una obra de literatura española que toma ese rol en particular, precediendo a Robin por unos cuantos siglos. Los términos usados para Sancho son &quot;&lt;em&gt;escudero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;mozo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &quot;&lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;acompañante&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;ayudante&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;vasallo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;criado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;sirviente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. En los análisis literarios Sancho es descrito como su &quot;&lt;em&gt;complemento&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;contrapunto&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;secuaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;cómplice&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y su &quot;&lt;em&gt;acompañamiento&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, Robin ya lleva décadas con artículos dedicados al análisis de su personaje. En esos artículos se le refiere principalmente como &quot;&lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;acompañante&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;asistente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;compinche&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de la dependienta, la manera más natural de preguntarlo en español sería &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Dónde están tus acompañantes?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Dónde está tu acompañamiento?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (o menos común &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿Dónde está tu corte?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, de las opciones presentadas relativas a Sancho, resaltan las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escudero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mozo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vasallo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Criado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sirviente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos términos describen una relación de servitud, de un asistente cercano que tiene menor autoridad a la persona a la que acompaña. Los últimos dos términos no me agradan tanto al realizar una comparación con &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt;&quot; pero los tres primeros son más naturales (a pesar de que el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;escudero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no es completamente actual) para describir el rol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: A pesar de que tenía reservas de usar el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;escudero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; para Robin, al parecer hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://los40.com/los40/2014/06/23/cinetv/1403518265_370680.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varios&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nosologeeks.es/2012/07/19/semana-batman-era-joel-schumacher-batman-forever-batman-robin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teinteresa.es/cine/evolucionado-Batman-largo-historia_0_1180082352.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogdesuperheroes.es/resenas-batman-y-robin-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogdecine.com/tag/batman-robin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uso&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.culturaocio.com/tv/noticia-mas-detalles-titans-robin-traicionado-batman-20150514135434.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.melty.es/batman-vs-superman-sera-jason-todd-el-robin-que-acompane-al-caballero-oscuro-a164459.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículos&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmulticine.com/noticias2.php?orden=457790&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://archivo.larazon.viapais.com.ar/interesa/Robin-escudero-bobo-tiempos_0_636600135.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;español&lt;/a&gt;. Supongo que dado que Batman en la actualidad ha sido designado como &quot;&lt;em&gt;el caballero oscuro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; lo más natural es que Robin sea su &quot;&lt;em&gt;escudero&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas adicionales&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahondando en la relación particular entre Robin y Batman, se ha utilizado el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;protegido&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ya que existe una diferencia de edad entre ambos y Batman cuenta con cierta responsibilidad sobre Robin. Sin embargo, esta relación en particular es más de maestro y discípulo por lo que, viéndolo desde ese punto de vista, los términos &lt;em&gt;aprendiz&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pupilo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;discípulo&lt;/em&gt; se pueden utilizar para describir parte del rol de Robin. Bajo esta perspectiva, Robin sería un aprendiz de caballero moderno: El &quot;&lt;em&gt;aprendiz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; del caballero oscuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que un &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekick&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no necesariamente es un &lt;em&gt;aprendiz&lt;/em&gt; sólo que en las instancias de los &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekicks&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de los héroes ese es su rol principal. Es decir, se puede considerar las historias de super héroes como las historias de caballeros modernos en una cruzada en nombre de la justicia, y a sus &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekicks&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como a sus &quot;&lt;em&gt;aprendices&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior es para resaltar que en el caso de los &quot;&lt;em&gt;sidekicks&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de los super héroes se les puede considerar como un aprendiz que sirve de escudero durante cierto tiempo, hasta que ocurren los conflictos con sus &quot;&lt;em&gt;maestros&lt;/em&gt;&quot; al estar listos para ser &lt;em&gt;héroes&lt;/em&gt; por sí mismos. Historias más maduras exploran cuando los jóvenes héroes llegan a ese punto, ejemplos de series que ahondan en este tema serían &quot;&lt;em&gt;Teen Titans&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;Young Justice&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T18:18:02.440" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-16T05:03:27.107" Score="20" ViewCount="4489" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English when you don't want to give answer or when you don't have answer and a person asks you &quot;why?&quot; some people then answer: &quot;because!&quot;. What is corresponding word in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've checked the dictionaries and I saw some translations for the word &quot;because&quot; but I'm not sure if it's for the meaning that I'm talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14338" LastEditorUserId="14338" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T23:21:04.590" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T17:46:30.723" Title="How to say &quot;because!&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19083" CreationDate="2016-12-16T05:31:43.333" Score="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish equivalent would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Porque si&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (positive) and, as pointed out by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/2762/rsanchez&quot;&gt;rsanchez&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Porque no&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (negative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Why did you do that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Because!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would become:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué hiciste eso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Porque sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Why can't I go?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Because!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would become:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué no puedo ir?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Porque no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there are other ways to express &quot;&lt;em&gt;because!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, here are a few examples for its positive variation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque quiero (&lt;em&gt;Because I want to&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque se me antoja (&lt;em&gt;Because I feel like it&lt;/em&gt;, a little rude - &lt;em&gt;rude&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque me da la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I want to&lt;/em&gt;, a little more rude - &lt;em&gt;rude&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque se me pega la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I want to&lt;/em&gt;, with even a more rude tone - &lt;em&gt;rude++&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque se me hincha la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I want to&lt;/em&gt;, with even a more rude tone - &lt;em&gt;rude#&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque yo lo digo (&lt;em&gt;Because I say so&lt;/em&gt;, this is a favorite among parents)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few examples for its negative variation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque no quiero (&lt;em&gt;Because I don't want to&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque no se me antoja (&lt;em&gt;Because I don't feel like it&lt;/em&gt;, a little rude - &lt;em&gt;rude&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque no me da la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I don't want to&lt;/em&gt;, a little more rude - &lt;em&gt;rude&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque no se me pega la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I don't want to&lt;/em&gt;, with even a more rude tone - &lt;em&gt;rude++&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque no se me hincha la gana (&lt;em&gt;Because I don't want to&lt;/em&gt;, with even a more rude tone - &lt;em&gt;rude#&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porque yo lo digo (&lt;em&gt;Because I say so&lt;/em&gt;, this is a favorite among parents)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Porque yo lo digo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; works in both variations, that might be why it is a favorite among parents since it is so versatile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional note&lt;/strong&gt;: If you use one of the alternatives don't forget to conjugate to match the tense in which the question has been asked, particularly in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Why did you do that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Because!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would become (based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-espanol-verbo-querer.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the conjugation of the verb &quot;querer&quot;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué hiciste eso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Porque &lt;strong&gt;quise&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;From &quot;porque &lt;strong&gt;quiero&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in a future tense variant it is safe to use the present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Why are you going to do that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Because!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would become:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Por qué vas a hacer eso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Porque &lt;strong&gt;quiero&lt;/strong&gt; (Not &quot;&lt;em&gt;porque &lt;strong&gt;querré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that &quot;&lt;em&gt;Porque yo lo digo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can apply as-is, without the need to match the tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T17:46:30.723" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19089" CreationDate="2016-12-16T09:45:21.427" Score="5" ViewCount="16788" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una pregunta que nunca me había planteado antes, la verdad. El otro día mi hijo preguntó si sabíamos por qué se decían las vocales «A E I O U» en ese orden y él mismo contestó &lt;em&gt;porque están en ese orden en el abecedario&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces me pregunté cuál era la razón de que el abecedario tenga el orden que tiene. ¿Qué criterio se siguió? ¿Siempre tuvo el mismo orden?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que hay cierta correspondencia con otros alfabetos como el griego al menos en algunas letras pero ¿y el resto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T09:47:59.513" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T15:59:02.100" Title="¿Por qué el abecedario español tiene ese orden?" Tags="&lt;letras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19087" CreationDate="2016-12-16T10:15:35.973" Score="3" ViewCount="10540" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo entender reglas básicas del uso &quot;el&quot; y &quot;en&quot; cuando nos referimos a un día de la semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: ¿Sería incorrecto decir &quot;nos vemos en lunes&quot; en vez de &quot;nos vemos el lunes&quot;?. Y en qué caso hay que usar &quot;el&quot; o &quot;en&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:50:32.313" LastActivityDate="2019-05-23T04:42:27.133" Title="¿Cómo se dice: &quot;nos vemos en lunes&quot; o &quot;nos vemos el lunes&quot;? ¿Por qué?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19086" CreationDate="2016-12-16T10:41:08.173" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto sería decir &quot;nos vemos el lunes&quot;, si te estás refiriendo a que nos veremos el próximo lunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir &quot;nos vemos en lunes&quot;, aparte de sonar raro, da a entender que sólo nos vemos los lunes o que nos veremos un lunes, aunque no sea el próximo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy lingüista para poderte dar una explicación sobre tu duda, así que me quedaré por aquí para que alguien más entendido que yo te dé una respuesta más técnica y menos práctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8576" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T10:41:08.173" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2016-12-16T12:37:51.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera y la tercera se traducen como es esperable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo coche = I have a car&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo el coche = I have the car&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;un coche&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra &amp;quot;un&amp;quot; es funcionalmente polisémica. Puede significar dos cosas y por lo tanto traducirse distinto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Adjetivo numeral&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un - dos - tres - ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí estamos hablando de la cantidad de coches, en este caso uno (1). Se dice que &amp;quot;un&amp;quot; es &lt;em&gt;apócope&lt;/em&gt; de &amp;quot;uno&amp;quot; (igual que buen-bueno, ningún-ninguno, etc.). Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María tiene dos motos y Juan tiene &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; coche. = Maria has two motorcycles and Juan has &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt; car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. artículo indeterminado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un - una - unos - unas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coche del que estamos hablando puede ser cualquiera, porque no ha sido mencionado antes en el contexto o porque es un concepto genérico. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Ford sacó &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; coche espectacular = The Ford put on sale &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; spectacular car&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí en realidad no es uno, son miles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como te imaginarás, detectar la diferencia es muy difícil, depende del contexto. Lo mismo ocurre a la inversa: &lt;em&gt;I have a car&lt;/em&gt; se puede traducir a veces como &amp;quot;Tengo coche&amp;quot; y otras veces como &amp;quot;tengo un coche&amp;quot;. Entonces finalmente las posibles traducciones quedan así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo coche = I have a car - Cuando es incontable (Pidió café, hizo clases)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un coche = I have a car - Cuando es cualquiera (Pidió un café, hizo unas clases)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un coche = I have one car - Cuando es una cantidad (un café, dos cafés, tres cafés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo el coche = I have the car - Cuando es específico y conocido (el coche de mis sueños)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T12:37:51.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19085" CreationDate="2016-12-16T15:59:02.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quizás existió una secuencia lógica, pero se desconoce; bien puede haber sido un orden arbitrario.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya existía, de alguna forma, el orden actual del abecedario alrededor del año 1400 a. C. Traducido de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet#Alphabetical_order&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Alphabet#Alphabetical order&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en inglés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se desconoce si los alfabetos más antiguos tenían una secuencia definida. Algunos alfabetos hoy en día, como la escritura Hanuno'o, se aprenden una letra a la vez, sin un orden particular, y no se usan cuando se requiere un orden definido. Sin embargo, una docena de tabletas ugaríticas del siglo XIV a. C. preservan el abecedario en dos secuencias. Una secuencia, el orden ABCDE que más tarde se utilizó en el fenicio, ha continuado con cambios menores en el hebreo, griego, armenio, gótico, cirílico y latín; la otra, HMĦLQ, se usaba en el sur de Arabia y se conserva hoy en el etíope. Por lo tanto, ambos órdenes han sido estables por al menos 3.000 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente&lt;/strong&gt;: Respuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/users/3036/cerberus&quot; title=&quot;Cerberus&quot;&gt;Cerberus&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/9589/134604&quot; title=&quot;Is there a reason behind the ordering of letters in the English alphabet?&quot;&gt;Is there a reason behind the ordering of letters in the English alphabet?&lt;/a&gt; (Stack Exchange - English Language &amp;amp; Usage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9651" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T15:59:02.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19091" CreationDate="2016-12-16T16:00:33.300" Score="5" ViewCount="8364" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día en un correo de un amigo de España él me decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[eso que me cuentas] es un claro ejemplo de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cuñadismo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y explicaba a continuación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un término que se ha puesto de moda por España. Si no lo conoces, te invito a que busques el término por internet. Te echarás unas risas e identificarás a varios &quot;cuñaos&quot; que te habrás topado por la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que yo en la anécdota hacía referencia a mi suegro, no a mi cuñado, así que entiendo que el término se refiere más a un tipo de personaje en general, que a un tipo de cuñado (es decir, que tu primo, la novia de tu hermano, y ese amigo que conoces de toda la vida pueden ser también &lt;em&gt;cuñadísimos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día vi el &lt;em&gt;palabro&lt;/em&gt; usado otra vez en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lashorasperdidas.com/index.php/2016/12/14/trailer-y-poster-de-es-por-tu-bien/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una web de cine&lt;/a&gt; donde describían el argumento de una nueva película como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los tres dan vida a una terna de padres, &lt;em&gt;cuñadísimos&lt;/em&gt;, horrorizados con los tres novios de sus hijas, a los que tratarán de sacar de sus vidas de la forma que haga falta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y entiendo que aunque los protagonistas puedan (o no) ser cuñados, el término &lt;em&gt;cuñadísimos&lt;/em&gt; se refiere más a su personalidad (que supongo que es lo que va a dar pie a situaciones humorísticas la película) que a su relación familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como mi amigo bien dice, llevo ya un tiempo fuera de España y algunos de estos términos son casi alienígenas para mí...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me explica alguien lo que es el &lt;code&gt;cuñadismo&lt;/code&gt; y lo que es un &lt;em&gt;'cuñao / cuñado / cuñadísimo'&lt;/em&gt; en ese sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T10:59:53.377" LastActivityDate="2020-04-30T12:03:57.630" Title="¿Qué es el cuñadismo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19090" CreationDate="2016-12-16T16:54:43.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://noticiasdesdelaantartida.blogspot.com.es/2014/01/el-cunadismo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Noticias desde la Antártida&lt;/a&gt; lo explicaban así en 2014 (he entresacado algunos párrafos de la entrada):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cuñadismo es una forma de vida practicada originalmente por cuñados y que se ha generalizado a gran parte de la sociedad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ....&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un ‘cuñado’ (y entiéndase este término genérico como referido a aquella persona animal o cosa que practica el cuñadismo) lo sabe todo, lo hace todo bien, y lo que es peor, se empeña en restregártelo constantemente por los morros. El tema de conversación favorito de un cuñado es él mismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los cuñados se entrenan en el arte de la dialéctica frente a un muro de hormigón. De hecho ellos solo necesitan una frase, o a veces ni tan siquiera eso, les basta con una palabra, para tener una puerta de entrada a su propio discurso. De repente te preguntas ‘Pero ¿cómo he terminado en medio de una conferencia sobre el ataque de la 101 aerotransportada al Nido del Águila, si yo lo que estaba comentando es lo de este bultito que me ha salido?’. Eso amigos, es una conversación con un cuñado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El cuñado sabe encontrar el fallo en todos tus argumentos y darles la vuelta de forma que se vea bien claro que eres gilipollas. De hecho la frase favorita de un cuñado es 'si es que no tienes ni puta idea'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un cuñado sabe más que nadie de bricolaje, mecánica, fútbol, historia antigua y hasta de física cuántica si hace falta. Y si un cuñado no sabe algo, es que es una mierda que no tiene la menor importancia ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14383" LastEditorDisplayName="user14383" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T05:58:11.760" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T05:58:11.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2016-12-16T19:52:25.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acaba de hacerse muy famoso (más bien &lt;em&gt;infame&lt;/em&gt;) por viral un youtuber que &quot;gastaba una broma&quot; con un saludo parecido: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/f5/comparte/2016/12/14/58517613268e3eda688b4612.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caranchoa&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (cara [de] anchoa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar que se surgen nuevos modismos y expresiones todos los días, como norma básica yo te recomendaría desconfiar. Es posible que, en mayor o menor medida, con más o menos maldad, te esten intentando &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/11969/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacilar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego no te está diciendo nada del tipo &quot;Hola imbécil&quot; u &quot;Hola caraculo&quot;. En comparación &quot;cara de pez&quot; puede ser un vacile muy suave. Posiblemente tu interlocutor no sabe ni por qué los ha soltado o dicho así y no pretende ofender. Solo pretendía ser gracioso. Es posible además que tu interlocutor asuma cierto grado de complicidad entre los dos y espere &quot;picarte&quot; un poco con el comentario sin llegar a ofender, esperando (o forzándote) incluso a responder con algo más ingenioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dudo mucho que la gente se salude así en ningún sitio (México u otro lado), ya sea con &quot;cara de pez&quot; o &quot;cara de lo-que-sea&quot;. Si acaso será una moda pasajera o una tendencia entre los más jóvenes. De lo contrario cada vez que dos personas se encuentran en México se da un despliegue de ingenio (&quot;Hola cara de esto; Buenos días cara de lo otro&quot;). Sin mencionar que ni de lejos me imagino esto como algo formal, cotidiano o natural (imaginemos a dos importantes hombres de negocios, que se saludan con  &quot;Hola cara de pez&quot;, o al conductor de autbús que da los buenos días a todos los pasajeros. La primera vez que te llaman &quot;cara de pez&quot; vale, ¡¡pero al trigesimoseptimo pasajero que te lo dice, le echas del autobús!!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual, es solo una pequeña broma. No pretendía en serio ofender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:10:05.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15032" CreationDate="2016-12-16T20:33:59.147" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La flor imperial es una serie de cinco cartas consecutivas, del mismo palo, con los valores: as-rey-reina-jota-diez, es la mano más valiosa en un juego de póquer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente la expresión tenga cierto parentesco con la que dice &quot;tiene un as bajo la manga&quot;, que hace referencia a que tiene una estrategia oculta que le hará ganador del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &quot;tener una flor en el culo&quot;, es tener la mano ganadora en donde menos te podrías imaginar, y que por suerte, te daría la victoria definitiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14511" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T20:33:59.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2016-12-16T23:15:29.717" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually use: &lt;code&gt;cuqui&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;mono&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lingo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;adorable&lt;/code&gt;, in order from most to least used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14514" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2016-12-18T14:20:32.533" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T14:20:32.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1818" CreationDate="2016-12-16T23:31:11.027" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How is it that &quot;mostrar a&quot; doesn't mean &quot;show to&quot;? And how would one say &quot;show us TO the Father&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mostrar a&quot; means exactly &quot;Show to&quot;. The key thing here is that there is a contraction between the pronoun &quot;a&quot; (to) and the article &quot;el&quot; (the).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The extended translated sentence of &quot;Show us TO the Father&quot; would be &quot;muéstranos A el Padre&quot;, however this is unused and considered wrong by most of the people. By my grammar (Castillian) teacher when I was at school, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14514" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T10:46:36.153" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T10:46:36.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19100" CreationDate="2016-12-17T14:09:34.633" Score="4" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I would like to translate is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would have liked to go, but I could not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When translating this, I suggested the conditional form of &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;habría&lt;/code&gt;, but Google's translation suggests the subjunctive conjugation &lt;code&gt;hubiera&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: is one of these demonstrably correct? Are they both correct depending on context, and if so, what would an appropriate context for each be? The reason I chose conditional is there seems to be no uncertainty or frequency to the desire to go (to wherever), so I geared towards indicative. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14517" LastEditorUserId="14517" LastEditDate="2016-12-17T17:34:07.823" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T03:40:42.307" Title="&quot;Yo habría gustado ir pero no pude&quot; o &quot;Yo hubiera gustado ir pero no pude&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19099" CreationDate="2016-12-17T17:25:05.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Historically, the conditional is the &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt; (note the italics) form, but nowadays the subjunctive is also accepted and widely used, I would roughly say 50% and 50%. The same speaker can use either, regardless of any condition, context, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, you are using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; incorrectly. Just check that out in your A1 level book ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T17:25:05.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19099" CreationDate="2016-12-17T19:16:44.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are wrong. The right sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hubiera gustado ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; uses an indirect object construct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Going would have been liked TO ME&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-18T22:00:38.490" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T22:00:38.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19107" CreationDate="2016-12-18T14:43:29.667" Score="3" ViewCount="14655" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta de hoy la ilustro con un extracto de la primera gran aventura de Mortadelo y Filemón: &quot;El sulfato atómico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQ3HS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQ3HS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pelillos a la mar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, &quot;pelillos a la mar&quot; es una frase popular, que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SOP1npb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelillos a la mar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. U. para expresar el deseo de olvido de agravios y restablecimiento del trato amistoso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. U. por los muchachos para afirmar que no faltarán a lo que han tratado y convenido, lo cual hacen arrancándose cada uno un pelo&#xA;  de la cabeza, y soplándolos dicen: Pelillos a la mar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en el diccionario se especifica que un &quot;pelillo&quot; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SOP1npb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;pelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Causa o motivo muy leve de desazón, y que se debe despreciar. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición esta que ya existía en el Diccionario de Autoridades de 1737. Así pues, la pregunta podría dividirse en primero ¿por qué un pelo pequeño es una causa leve de desazón? Y en segundo lugar, ¿por qué se deben tirar al mar para olvidarse de ellos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el blog &quot;El origen de las expresiones&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://origenlenguaje.blogspot.com.es/2012/01/origen-de-la-expresion-pelillos-la-mar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se cita&lt;/a&gt; que proviene de una canción infantil andaluza que dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Adónde va ese pelo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Al viento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¿Y el viento?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - A la mar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Pues ya la guerra está acabá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y continúa diciendo que &quot;se cree que el acto simbólico en sí proviene del relato de La Ilíada, en el que se narra que después del conflicto entre griegos y troyanos [...] en los banquetes tras sus guerras, sacrificaron a los dioses corderos a los que cortaron pelos que arrojaron al mar como muestra de reconciliación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si me termina de convencer esta explicación, ¿alguien dispone de alguna más convincente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T07:59:13.613" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T15:04:56.550" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;pelillos a la mar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19102" CreationDate="2016-12-18T17:26:02.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.erroreshistoricos.com/curiosidades-historicas/origen/1257-origen-de-pelillos-a-la-mar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada de blog&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Todos hemos escuchado o utilizado en alguna ocasión la expresión &amp;quot;Pelillos a la mar&amp;quot; en las situaciones en las que tenemos que reconciliarnos con alguna persona después de una disputa o riña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para conocer el origen de esta expresión hay que remontarse al siglo XVI, y si tenemos que buscar el lugar, hay que ir hasta la ciudad andaluza de Málaga, lugar donde había un hombre que siempre iba a cortarse el pelo al mismo barbero. Acción que repitió durante años hasta el día en el que el peluquero  y barbero decidió dar el salto y emigrar a América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre, al ver que ya no podría volver a cortarse el pelo llevo su enfado al extremo de retirar el saludo al que había sido su barbero durante gran parte de su vida, al que consideraba no solo peluquero, sino amigo. Al cortador de pelo no le gusto aquello, y trató de arreglar en lo posible la situación enviando a su cliente a un nuevo peluquero. Aquello no sirvió, el despechado cliente jamás consiguió ver en el nuevo peluquero al anterior y dejo de ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema fue entonces para el nuevo peluquero. Resultó que como no consiguió llevarse bien con el nuevo cliente empezó a perder incluso a los que cortaba el pelo antes porque el &amp;quot;despechado&amp;quot; comenzó a hacerle publicidad en contra diciendo que el barbero guardaba el pelo cortado y con el hacía brujería a todos los que no pagaban a tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El peluquero acabo cerrando el negocio al quedarse sin clientes y a la ver reto al hombre que tanto daño le había hecho a batirse en duelo. Eligio para el duelo como arma el florete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el duelo el cliente, que casi murió, se dió cuenta del mal que había hecho y pidió perdón al barbero. Aquello le unió tanto que tomaron la decisión de ir a las Américas llevándose todo el pelo almacenado para porder tirarlo en la travesía como símbolo del comienzo de una nueva vida.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14522" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T22:01:39.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-18T21:57:23.097" Score="4" ViewCount="673" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PnBQhSF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Morcilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene, además de las acepciones referidas a la carne, la de  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. f. coloq. En un espectáculo, palabra o frase improvisadas que añade un actor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción no parece tener ninguna relación con las demás.&#xA;¿De dónde viene esa acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14438" LastEditorUserId="14438" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T16:01:06.963" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T16:01:06.963" Title="¿Por qué &quot;morcilla&quot; es una frase improvisada por un actor?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19104" CreationDate="2016-12-19T09:53:22.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar textos que prueben la siguiente teoría, pero la expongo por si sirve de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;que les den morcilla&quot; es más antigua de lo que recoge la RAE. Aunque se incorporó al diccionario de la academia en 1984 con el significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;expr. fig. y fam. que indica desprecio, mala voluntad hacia alguien, desinterés, etcétera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la expresión ya se venía usando desde mucho tiempo antes. La primera aparición que he encontrado ha sido en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España, en el ejemplar de &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0002233614&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;search=%22den%20morcilla%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Discusión del 14 de junio de 1860&lt;/a&gt;, en una letrilla de variedades que dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya en Rusia, ya en Austria,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ya en Las Dos-Sicilias,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el absolutismo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sufre mil tollinas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y si á nuestra tierra&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  viene con carlistas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dice el pueblo entero:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «que les den morcilla.» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, nótese que la definición de &quot;morcilla&quot; al principio (en 1869, por la época de los versos mencionados) decía que eran añadiduras &quot;que hacen los malos comediantes&quot;. No es descabellado pensar que el público, ante un artista semejante, pudiera pensar que este les estaba dando morcilla al no tenerles el respeto de aprenderse su papel de forma correcta, mostrando así su desinterés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí a calificar dichos añadidos como &quot;morcillas&quot; hay un paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T09:53:22.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19104" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:38:54.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado algo que puede tener algo que ver con el origen de ese uso de &lt;em&gt;morcilla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un refrán que no conocía que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La morcilla es lo único que se repite.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dícese de todo aquello que no es fácil que vuelva a suceder o verificarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/diccionarioderef01sbaruoft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://archive.org/details/diccionarioderef01sbaruoft&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me aventuro a suponer que puede aplicarse esta expresión a las frases que dice un actor improvisando, ya que es difícil que las vuelva a repetir de la misma forma. Como lo que se repite es la morcilla debería ser el texto del guion lo que tuviera ese nombre, pero quién sabe si se acabó tomando solo la palabra &lt;em&gt;morcilla&lt;/em&gt; como equivalente de toda la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:43:55.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19102" CreationDate="2016-12-19T15:04:56.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues aparte de la referencia que propones en la pregunta, yo he encontrado además &lt;a href=&quot;http://aliso.pntic.mec.es/agalle17/cultura_clasica/entre_dichos/pelillos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fraseshechas.net/pelillos-a-la-mar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; apuntando al mismo origen. Por supuesto es dificil saber si son tres articulos &amp;quot;independientes&amp;quot; que citan el mismo origen (correcto) para la expresión o si unos se hacen referencia a los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero tambien he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yorokobu.es/el-origen-de-los-dichos-pelillos-a-la-mar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt;, que ya matiza un poco más un posible origen (enfásis mio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando decimos ‘pelillos a la mar’ estamos hablando de reconciliación, de olvidar rencillas. Así lo hacen los niños en Andalucía –o lo hacían- &lt;strong&gt;según cuentan Rodrigo Caro en sus &lt;em&gt;Días geniales o lúdricos&lt;/em&gt;, allá por el siglo XVII y Francisco Rodríguez Marín en &lt;em&gt;Cantos populares españoles (1882)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Ambos autores, andaluces para más señas, explican que los chavales hacían las paces cortándose un par de pelillos y echándolos al viento para que se los llevara al mar, simbolizando de esta manera que al igual que el aire se lleva los pelos, hará también lo propio con los agravios y las peleas. ¡Bendita inocencia! Con lo fácil que parece firmar la paz desde los ojos de un niño y lo complicado que lo hacemos cuando crecemos. En fin, sigamos…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;el propio Caro quien nos explica que el origen de esa infantil reconciliación se encuentra en el pasaje de La Ilíada en el que se juntan troyanos y griegos para hacer las paces&lt;/strong&gt; tras el mal rollito creado entre Helena, Paris y Menelao por un problemilla de cuernos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2004/07/31/pelillos-mar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este otro blog&lt;/a&gt; señala al mismo origen: Un juego de niños que ya describe   Rodríguez Marín en su obra Cantos populares españoles y la misma referencia a la Iliada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los corderos que se sacrifican para el banquete, les cortaron simbólicamente unos pelillos que lanzaron al viento y hacia el mar, como señal de que todo quedaba olvidado entre ellos y se restablecía el trato amistoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado tambien &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/ASvQaV5UPvs?t=267&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un video (audio)&lt;/a&gt; de un programa de Onda Cero en le que le preguntan a la gente de la calle si saben lo que significan ciertas expresiones. Esperaba poder así &amp;quot;parasitar&amp;quot; la investigación hecha por este programa sobre el origen de la expresión, pero el resultado ha sido decepcionante. Aluden primero a la misma referencia del juego de niños en la Andalucía del siglo XVII para hacer las paces, y luego un poco de refilón a la otra historia andaluza del barbero. Los autores de este programa no mencionan la referencia a la Iliada (pero tampoco creo que hagan una investigación muy rigurosa solo para esta sección de su programa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que lo más que he podido hacer es validar que la referencia al juego/canto de niños tiene cierta validez al encontrarse ya en referenciada en esas obras de Rodrigo Caro y Francisco Rodríguez Marín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La referencia de la Iliada, aunque me gusta, no me termina de cuadrar. La Iliada es una obra muy antigua y de gran impacto cultural. Si de verdad fuese ese el origen de la expresión, otros idiomas que ha derivado del latín o sufrido las mismas influencias de la cultura griega como el nuestro (es decir, que tienen las mismas raíces) tendrían a su vez una expresión igual o muy similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que de tener que apostar, yo apostaría por que tiene el origen que mencionas en la pregunta. Acerca del significado de &lt;em&gt;un pelo&lt;/em&gt; y del mar, como dice este blog, los pelos &lt;strong&gt;son tenidos por poca cosa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y por qué el mar? Porque el viento más pronto o más tarde lleva los pelillos a los arroyos, los ríos o finalmente al mar, que representa la inmensidad de lo indistinto, el gran asimilador de la individualidad. Así nos lo recuerdan los poetas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestras vidas son los ríos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que van a dar en la mar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es el morir…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Jorge Manrique)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T15:04:56.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19062" CreationDate="2016-12-19T16:39:30.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the DRAE for &lt;em&gt;tocino&lt;/em&gt; we read, amongst others&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En el juego de la comba, saltos muy rápidos y seguidos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if like me you did not know &lt;em&gt;comba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Juego infantil o ejercicio físico que consiste en saltar por encima de una cuerda que se hace pasar por debajo de los pies y sobre la cabeza de quien salta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a bit more research I found in the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://detodalavidalarues.blogspot.co.uk/2016/09/pan-carne-vino-y-tocino.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pan, carne, vino y tocino...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ino, ino, ino, ino...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And which she goes on to explain as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta es una canción que empieza pausadamente, pero conforme nos vamos adentrando en ella, se va acelerando, llegando al paroxismo cuando se canta &amp;quot;ino, ino, ino, ino&amp;quot;. Debemos cantar y dar con la cuerda a un ritmo similar, de manera que cuanto más deprisa cantemos y demos con la cuerda, más rápido tendrá que saltar el protagonista de nuestra historia. Al llegar casi al final, al saltador le resulta muy difícil seguir el ritmo, y lo más habitual es que falle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Y si falla, ¿qué pasa?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;-Pues que otro ocupa su lugar, como es lógico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that this is a chant which children skipping used and that they speeded up on the &lt;em&gt;ino&lt;/em&gt; syllable. The point, as she explains, is so that the game has an end and someone else gets a go. In England we had a similar chant &amp;quot;Salt, mustard, vinegar, pepper&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a whole collection of skipping chants &lt;a href=&quot;http://craaltaribagorza.educa.aragon.es/canciones-de-comba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; collected by a school and including some variants of the one I quote above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the origin then when it began it might have been familiar to people as comparison of two similar things but as time passes and one meaning is forgotten it now seems to compare two very different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T16:39:30.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-19T17:56:47.553" Score="12" ViewCount="17080" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué término se usa (o podemos usar) en español para &amp;quot;Game Changer&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Game Changer&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;game changing&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/game_changer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;se define&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(literally or figuratively) Something unexpected which &lt;strong&gt;changes the rules of a process&lt;/strong&gt; viewed as a game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(sports or figuratively) Critical and having the potential to alter the overall outcome. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/game-changing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It refers to something that happens to change the expected outcome of the game.&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/game-changer.2328913/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;(Wordreference)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede incluso referirse a una persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. A person who is a visionary. 2. A company that alters its business strategy and conceives an entirely new business plan. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/game-changer.asp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;(Investopedia)&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;game changer&lt;/em&gt; es algo que &amp;quot;cambia las reglas (y el resultado) del juego&amp;quot;. Es decir, que altera el dominio o industria de tal manera que las cosas no vuelven a ser lo mismo, y casi se adaptan a este efecto o entidad &lt;em&gt;game changer&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película &amp;quot;El Caballero Oscuro&amp;quot; de Christopher Nolan fue un &lt;em&gt;game changer&lt;/em&gt;. Casi todas las pelis de superhéroes que se ha nhecho despues de esta son más adultas y oscuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mpsn3WaI_4k&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;modelo empresarial de Spotify&lt;/a&gt; fue un completo &lt;em&gt;game changer&lt;/em&gt;. Muchas empresas establecidas y &lt;em&gt;start ups&lt;/em&gt; han copiado el modelo, y hasta se le conoce como &amp;quot;el modelo de Spotify&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Apple introduced the iPod, the product was a &lt;em&gt;game changer&lt;/em&gt;. It revolutionized the way in which music was purchased and consumed. Though other companies had already launched MP3 players, Apple's product had a more attractive design, a big marketing budget, and, most important, a music platform (iTunes) that virtually dictated how music would be distributed going forward. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.investinganswers.com/financial-dictionary/businesses-corporations/game-changer-6671&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;investinganswers&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último ejemplo, por cierto,  añade a la definión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Game changers are &lt;strong&gt;disruptive&lt;/strong&gt;. They are sometimes crazy ideas. [...] &lt;strong&gt;A game changer is a person or thing that radically changes an industry or a company&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T15:38:32.530" Title="¿Qué término se usa en español para &quot;Game Changer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-19T18:23:54.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El equivalente de un &lt;strong&gt;gamer changer&lt;/strong&gt; en español sería un &lt;strong&gt;innovador&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LgzBfa6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Innovar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Mudar o alterar algo, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;introduciendo novedades.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de innovar, la persona que innova/renueva &lt;em&gt;cambia parcial o por completo las normas establecidas&lt;/em&gt; e incluso, &lt;em&gt;genera nuevas formas&lt;/em&gt; de crear las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T18:23:54.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-19T23:10:43.377" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es español solemos usar la expresión &lt;em&gt;marcar un antes y un después&lt;/em&gt; con un significado similar. En los ejemplos que mencionas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película &amp;quot;El Caballero Oscuro&amp;quot; de Christopher Nolan marcó un antes y un&#xA;después en las pelis de superhéroes. Casi todas las que se han hecho&#xA;despues de esta son más adultas y oscuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modelo empresarial de Spotify marcó un antes y un después. Muchas&#xA;empresas establecidas y start ups han copiado el modelo, y hasta se le&#xA;conoce como &amp;quot;el modelo de Spotify&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando Apple introdujo el iPod, marcó un antes y un después. Revolucionó&#xA;la forma de comprar y consumir música [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T23:10:43.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-20T00:02:30.420" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México también suele usarse el término &lt;strong&gt;parteaguas&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Momento, personaje o suceso de trascendencia tal que aparenta dividir&#xA;  o separar lo previo de lo consecuente.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/parteaguas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Parteaguas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película &quot;El Caballero Oscuro&quot; de Christopher Nolan &lt;strong&gt;fue un&#xA;  parteaguas&lt;/strong&gt; en las pelis de superhéroes. Casi todas las que se han&#xA;  hecho despues de esta son más adultas y oscuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El modelo empresarial de Spotify &lt;strong&gt;fue un parteaguas&lt;/strong&gt;. Muchas&#xA;  empresas establecidas y start ups han copiado el modelo, y hasta se le&#xA;  conoce como &quot;el modelo de Spotify&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando Apple introdujo el iPod, &lt;strong&gt;significó un parteaguas&lt;/strong&gt;. Revolucionó la&#xA;  forma de comprar y consumir música [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastEditorUserId="14530" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T21:55:44.380" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T21:55:44.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-20T06:33:49.433" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de lo que propone @Gorpik, que me parece perfecto, se me ocurre la palabra &lt;em&gt;revolucionar&lt;/em&gt; que, por cierto, aparece en la frase de ejemplo de los iPod. Siguiendo con los mismos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película &amp;quot;El Caballero Oscuro&amp;quot; de Christopher Nolan revolucionó las películas de superhéroes. Casi todas las que se han hecho despues de esta son más adultas y oscuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modelo empresarial de Spotify revolucionó la industria. Muchas empresas establecidas y start ups han copiado el modelo, y hasta se le conoce como &amp;quot;el modelo de Spotify&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También &lt;em&gt;punto de inflexión&lt;/em&gt; aunque se suele utilizar más para cambios personales que globales. Y otra podría ser &lt;em&gt;cambio de paradigma&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T08:12:01.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19132" CreationDate="2016-12-20T08:46:39.783" Score="4" ViewCount="1559" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE define &lt;em&gt;peluco&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SQHuyZ4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;peluco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. jerg. Esp. Reloj ostentoso de pulsera o de bolsillo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se expresa que es de origen incierto. En el CORDE aparecen registros de su uso desde 1961:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Lo primero que hago en cuanto gane unas perras —dice Pilete— es comprarme un peluco: un buen peluco con su correa flexible, un peluco dorado que parezca de oro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso Grosso, &quot;La zanja&quot;, España (1961)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España encuentro este artículo titulado &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003413855&amp;amp;page=5&amp;amp;search=peluco&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La vida entre los rateros&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, publicado el 28 de enero de 1930, lo que sitúa a la expresión aún más atrás en el tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un día, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;el Manco&lt;/em&gt;, que le llaman así —¡vean ustedes lo que son las cosas!— porque da unos tortazos que encienden la cara, y porque se vale del truco de esconder uno de los brazos para operar mejor, había &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; un &lt;em&gt;peluco&lt;/em&gt; (reloj) y una &lt;em&gt;tralla&lt;/em&gt; (cadena) &lt;em&gt;zapando&lt;/em&gt; (hurgando) en la &lt;em&gt;guardilla&lt;/em&gt; (bolsillo del pecho de la americana) de un &lt;em&gt;pasmao&lt;/em&gt; (uno que mira un escaparate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El artículo, por cierto, es una mina de posibles preguntas sobre la jerga de los rateros.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible averiguar cuál es el origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;peluco&lt;/em&gt;, o al menos dar alguna pista sobre el mismo? ¿Tendrá algo que ver con el pelo o vello corporal del brazo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T08:20:13.893" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T08:20:13.893" Title="¿Por qué un &quot;peluco&quot; es un reloj ostentoso?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2016-12-20T08:59:57.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como programador, creo que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Formato mejorado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; sería la opción más ajustada a los escenarios en que se suele usar el término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones &lt;em&gt;pretty print&lt;/em&gt; se usa para tomar un texto pensado para procesamiento y presentarlo de una manera legible, cierto; en otros casos, sin embargo, el texto ya es perfectamente legible, y lo único que se hace es ajustar un poco la indentación y añadir colores a los diferentes elementos. Es solo una manera de mejorar la presentación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior, rara vez tiene algo que ver con imprimir en papel el propio texto, con lo cual los calificativos &quot;para impresión&quot; y similares quedarían descartados, en mi opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T08:59:57.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-20T10:40:26.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra opción que oigo en España sería &lt;strong&gt;rompedor&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WeuEFWm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rompedor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Muy avanzado e innovador. Teoría rompedora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13834" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T10:40:26.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2016-12-20T13:34:03.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte, suelo usar &quot;tomar la siesta&quot;, eso proviene de mi padre, que es gallego. No recuerdo haberlo oido yo mismo en Galicia u otra parte de España, pero quizás sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14532" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T13:50:25.050" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T13:50:25.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2016-12-20T14:39:04.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se dice &quot;echarse la siesta&quot;. Se utiliza el verbo &quot;echar&quot; con significado de tumbar o reposar porque te echas en el sofá o la cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;Tomar&quot; se utiliza para comer por lo que no &lt;em&gt;&quot;tomamos la siesta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;hacer&quot; se utiliza como acción pero no decimos &lt;em&gt;&quot;hacer la siesta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13043" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T14:46:31.813" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T14:46:31.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-20T14:58:25.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una que acabo de leer en un artículo por Internet: &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VYC4y16&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;redefinir&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La culminación de la saga que &lt;strong&gt;redefinió&lt;/strong&gt; el género de las aventuras [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La película &amp;quot;El Caballero Oscuro&amp;quot; de Christopher Nolan &lt;strong&gt;redefinió&lt;/strong&gt; las pelis de superhéroes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spotify &lt;strong&gt;redefinió&lt;/strong&gt; los modelos empresariales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando Apple introdujo el iPod, &lt;strong&gt;redefinió&lt;/strong&gt; la forma de comprar y consumir música [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T14:58:25.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2016-12-20T15:49:33.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se dice de las dos formas, depende mucho de la región o ciudad. Por ejemplo, en Albacete se utiliza &quot;echar&quot; y en Valencia se utiliza habitualmente &quot;hacer&quot; para referirnos a la siesta. Entre Valencia y Albacete hay unos 185 kilómetros de separación (muy poco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo en Valencia: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿vas a hacer siesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo en Albacete: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿te vas a echar la siesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observad que en Valencia es también común omitir el artículo entre el verbo y la palabra siesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguro que hay gente en Valencia que dice &quot;echar la siesta&quot;, y tal vez alguien dice &quot;hacer siesta&quot; en Albacete, siempre hay excepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He vivido muchos años en ambos sitios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14533" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T18:29:27.597" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T18:29:27.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19121" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22521" CreationDate="2016-12-20T16:24:02.460" Score="4" ViewCount="2438" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/137/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; sobre el origen de los símbolos '¿' y '¡' se explica que ambos fueron introducidos en 1754, en la segunda edición de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la real academia&lt;/em&gt;, aunque su uso por entonces era solo aconsejado. Sí que se hicieron obligatorios en la edición de 1815, como se apunta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10329/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10328/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, veo la siguiente definición en el diccionario de la RAE de 1822:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDIjY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDIjY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Caramba1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la definición carece de dicho signo de apertura. Esta definición se mantiene en 1869:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O9Yyq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O9Yyq.png&quot; alt=&quot;Caramba2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para pasar (por fin) a tener dicho símbolo en la versión de 1884:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wBOgd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wBOgd.png&quot; alt=&quot;Caramba3&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de suponer que la RAE debería dar ejemplo con las normas que ella misma promulga. Por tanto, ¿por qué la RAE no usó los signos de apertura de exclamación en su diccionario hasta 1884, más de un siglo después de introducir dicho signo en la ortografía (y más de medio siglo después de que se declararan obligatorios)? ¿Fue porque en la imprenta no disponían de ese símbolo? ¿Hubo algún periodo después de 1815 en el que los símbolos se dejaran de usar para luego volver a ser usados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T17:00:22.843" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T08:56:01.747" Title="¿Por qué la RAE no usó los signos de apertura de exclamación en su diccionario hasta 1884, si mucho antes ya eran obligatorios?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2016-12-20T18:42:45.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una pregunta anterior que es similar a esta por el uso del verbo &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; para una acción determinada: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15289/5481&quot;&gt;Hacer sentido V. Tener sentido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para esta pregunta encontramos que &quot;tener sentido&quot; es la forma correcta y &quot;hacer sentido&quot; es una traducción literal de las forma del inglés &quot;to make sense&quot; (según la Academia de la Lengua Mexicana).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo las respuestas ya aportadas parece ser que se usa &quot;hacer&quot; para la siesta en Cataluña y Valencia debido  &lt;code&gt;a un vínculo idiomático fuerte, ya que en catalán muchas de las expresiones que tenemos en castellano las construyen con el verbo &quot;hacer&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. El valenciano es muy similar al catalán (aunque alguno querrá tirarme piedras por decir esto...) Así que de nuevo vemos &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; usado debido a una influencia lingüística de otro idioma. Alguien aporta que para aquellos influenciados por el gallego, esto no ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de Elisa valida que no en toda Argentina se usa &quot;hacer la siesta&quot;, por lo que creo que la referencia que citas en la preguna es un caso particular, y también afectado por la influencia de otro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que yo concluiría que en castellano no se dice &quot;hacer la siesta&quot; (sino dormir o echarse la siesta) y cuando oímos a alguien decir &quot;hacer la siesta&quot; es por influencia de otro idioma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, también poodemos decir &lt;code&gt;echarse un cigarro&lt;/code&gt; (por fumárselo), pero &lt;code&gt;hacerse un cigarro&lt;/code&gt; ya es algo completamente distinto (envolverlo con tabaco de liar; fabricarlo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T13:08:02.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T21:14:53.570" Score="5" ViewCount="2733" Body="&lt;p&gt;La tercera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TDlEzRN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pistola&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el Dicccionario de la Lengua es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. f. &lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Barra de pan de unos 250 g.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene este uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14386" LastEditorDisplayName="user14386" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T05:50:04.807" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T03:11:25.027" Title="¿Por qué en España se denomina &quot;pistola&quot; a la barra de pan?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19123" CreationDate="2016-12-20T21:34:31.290" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No en todas partes de España se le dice &lt;code&gt;pistola&lt;/code&gt;, ni se le dice &lt;code&gt;pistola&lt;/code&gt; a cualquier tipo de pan. El término &amp;quot;pistola&amp;quot; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://maspan.blogspot.com/2007/07/barra-pistola-el-pan-de-madrid.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;típico de Madrid&lt;/a&gt;. Hay muchos tipos de pan. La pistola es una barra larga y crujiente, más gruesa que la &lt;em&gt;baguette&lt;/em&gt;. El mismo tipo de barra de pan recibirá otro nombre en otros sitios, o se le llamará simplemente &amp;quot;barra de pan&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabormadrid.es/novedades/curiosidades/procedencia-del-nombre-pistola-barra-de-pan.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta web&lt;/a&gt; aporta a un par de teorías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen diversas teorías, una de ellas dice que los alemanes son los artífices del nombre, ya que por su forma llaman al pan flauta, que en alemán se dice ‘pistole’. La palabra francesa “pistolet” también es un tipo de pan belga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[otra teoría es que] el término pistola para referirse a la barra de pan desde los años 60, [viene] derivado del italiano, ya que panadero en latín se conoce como ‘pistor’ y la terminación -ula (-ola) se refiere a la barrita de pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay una referencia a un chiste que dice que recibe ese nombre porque sirve &amp;quot;para matar el hambre&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T03:11:25.027" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19131" CreationDate="2016-12-20T22:16:32.153" Score="6" ViewCount="49848" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between &quot;jefe&quot;, &quot;patrón&quot;, &quot;capo&quot;, when used to mean &quot;boss&quot;? If I wanted to jokingly call my girlfriend &quot;The Boss&quot; should I go with &quot;La Jefa&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested mainly in Mexican and Spanish dialects, if that makes a difference, although I'm also interested to know more generally about geographical differences, e.g. in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Narcos&lt;/a&gt;&quot; I notice that Escobar's men refer to him as &quot;Patrón&quot; - is that mainly a Colombian usage ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14109" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T12:42:12.383" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T06:00:04.150" Title="What are the differences between &quot;jefe&quot;, &quot;patrón&quot;, &quot;capo&quot; when used to mean &quot;boss&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19127" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T22:41:35.633" Score="6" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Kgf6i2k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hortera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. coloq. Vulgar y de mal gusto. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Escudilla o cazuela de palo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;En Madrid, apodo del mancebo de ciertas tiendas de mercader.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el NTLLE he encontrado que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la acepción original era la segunda (en el &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/strong&gt; viene recogido como &quot;Escudilla de palo que ordinariamente usan los pobres ...&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la tercera acepción aparece recogida en 1787 en el diccionario de &lt;strong&gt;Terreros y Pando&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;llaman por desprecio a los Fatores, ó Mancebos de Mercaderes&quot;) y en 1802 en el Diccionario de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la primera acepción no aparece en el Diccionario de la Lengua hasta 1984 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede puede suponer que la primera acepción (&quot;vulgar y de mal gusto&quot;) proceda de los usos y costumbres de los mancebos (tercera acepción) pero ¿cómo surgió, a partir de la acepción inicial (&quot;escudilla de palo&quot;), la referente a los mancebos y exclusivamente a los de Madrid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14386" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T05:07:16.400" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T05:07:16.400" Title="¿Por qué &quot;hortera&quot; es, en Madrid, el apodo del mancebo de ciertas tiendas de mercader?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19126" CreationDate="2016-12-21T00:34:18.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that in Venezuela &quot;Patrón&quot; means &quot;Boss&quot;, in Cuba usually &quot;Jefe&quot; means &quot;Boss&quot;, but I always use &quot;Capo&quot; related with the &quot;Mafia (Narco) Boss&quot;. For your girlfriend you can use &quot;The Boss&quot; if you want to say &quot;La Jefa&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T00:34:18.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19126" CreationDate="2016-12-21T07:59:11.117" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt; is a great tool for these kind of questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you can for example see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=9SstKTmpNx0AbbiGHIb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patrón, -na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. y f. Ec. Señor, amo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  adj. Ni. Referido a persona, de pies grandes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ●&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    ~. fórm. Mx, Ho, CR, Ve, Ch, Py; Ur, obsol. Se usa como tratamiento de respeto a alguien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  □&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    ~ de fundo. loc. sust. Ch. Persona que ejerce un poder despótico y arbitrario. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b. ǁ    ~ de prueba. loc. sust. Cu. Gráfico fijo con líneas y colores que permiten ajustar la imagen de un televisor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  c. ǁ    ~ grande. loc. sust. Ec. Latifundista o hacendado. rur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, a great set of meanings for &lt;em&gt;patrón&lt;/em&gt; depending on the country. Basically (I don't know if you understand Spanish) meaning &lt;em&gt;boss&lt;/em&gt;, but also other things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I see in the definition, &lt;em&gt;patrón&lt;/em&gt; does not have any special meaning in Colombia, so you can go directly to the Dictionary of the RAE and check the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SBler1T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;patrón, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. patrōnus; la forma f., del lat. patrōna.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Defensor, protector.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. y f. Santo titular de una iglesia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. y f. Santo elegido como protector de un pueblo o congregación religiosa, profesional o civil.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. y f. Dueño de la casa donde alguien se aloja u hospeda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. y f. señor (‖ persona a la que sirve un criado).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. m. y f. patrono (‖ persona que emplea trabajadores).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them can apply here, since Pablo Escobar was seen as something in between a boss, a saint and a protector among his workers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jefe&lt;/strong&gt;: this is, to me, the most straight-forward way to translate &lt;em&gt;boss&lt;/em&gt;. In Spain is the one we use all the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;patrón&lt;/strong&gt;: as indicated above, this word refers to a boss in a work place. In Spain, I hardly ever hear it in colloquial conversations, but (as noted by Nox in comments) it is used to mention the captain of a ship.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7L8zwE1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: is normally used to refer to mafia bosses and it comes directly from the Italian (&lt;em&gt;capo&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;head&lt;/em&gt; in Italian, and in Romanic languages &lt;em&gt;head&lt;/em&gt; also means &lt;em&gt;leader&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to jokingly call &lt;em&gt;Boss&lt;/em&gt; to your girlfriend, I would go for &lt;em&gt;Jefa&lt;/em&gt;. Unless you are in some smelly business together and you want to call her &lt;em&gt;capo&lt;/em&gt; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind, though, what DGaleano comments below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I understand that Mexicans call their mother &quot;la jefa&quot; or &quot;la jefecita&quot;... so please check this out before you get into trouble with your girlfriend. Here a link for that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/1106&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/1106&lt;/a&gt; &quot;La patrona&quot; could work better for Mexico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T12:35:34.733" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T12:35:34.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19114" CreationDate="2016-12-21T08:15:09.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Copio de &lt;a href=&quot;https://elsalondecris.blogspot.com.es/2012/11/por-que-se-denomina-al-reloj-como-peluco.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Por qué se denomina al reloj como peluco?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace tiempo en España era habitual oír frases como “que peluco más bonito tiene”, o “que peluco te habrá costado una pasta”, refiriéndose al reloj. Un termino popular muy castizo y español, pero ¿cual es el origen de dicha expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen lo encontramos en tiempos muy remotos y vinculados a las monedas españolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre los siglos XVI al XIX circulaban unas monedas de oro conocidas como 8 escudos u onzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta el siglo XVIII estas monedas presentaban un diseño denominado como de “cruz” porque por un lado se representaba el escudo y por otro lado una cruz patada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A  partir de dicho siglo hay una modificación de los cuños y se sustituye la cruz patada por la imagen del rey, pero &lt;strong&gt;como la moda en el siglo XVIII, entre la alta nobleza, era de llevar peluca, al rey se le representaba con una peluca.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l47JH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l47JH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Popularmente a estas monedas se las conocía como peluconas. Aunque por el  decreto del  19/10/1868 nace la peseta, todavía se usaba el término de moneda peluconas simbolizando lo caro, lo ostentoso, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los relojes de bolsillos también se le denominaba “relojes pelucones” y luego pasaron a denominarse pelucones, y de ahí derivo el término de “peluco” para referirse a este instrumento de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo focaliza en las monedas &lt;em&gt;peluconas&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, hacia el final habla de &lt;em&gt;se usaba el término de moneda pelucona simbolizando lo caro, lo ostentoso, etc&lt;/em&gt;. Ahí surge mi premisa: tener un reloj en el siglo XIX no debía ser demasiado común, por lo que pasaba automáticamente a ser un artilugio caro, ostentoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, si no ando equivocado, los relojes de la época eran de los de bolsillo con la cadenita, tan similares a estos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yYonH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yYonH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ellos, la tapa suele tener un dibujo o motivo muy parecido a los que pueden aparecer en una moneda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juntándolo todo, a mí me da la sensación que se acabó asociando &lt;em&gt;moneda pelucona&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;reloj&lt;/em&gt;, luego con &lt;em&gt;reloj pelucón&lt;/em&gt; y, a base de ir perdiendo &lt;em&gt;pelucona&lt;/em&gt; su acepción de moneda y popularizándose el de reloj, convirtió &lt;em&gt;reloj pelucón&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;pelucón/na&lt;/em&gt; a secas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T08:15:09.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19135" CreationDate="2016-12-21T08:28:36.483" Score="3" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces tengo la sensación que recargamos las frases para darles más tesón, más supuesto rigor que acaba complicándolas (¿veis? yo mismo acabo de hacerlo). Entre ellas, últimamente oigo &lt;em&gt;estar presente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El presunto autor del crimen dijo que él no &lt;em&gt;estaba presente&lt;/em&gt; en el lugar de los hechos cuando bla bla bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, esto es básicamente decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El presunto autor del crimen dijo que él no &lt;em&gt;estaba&lt;/em&gt; &lt;s&gt;presente&lt;/s&gt; en el lugar de los hechos cuando bla bla bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; ya tiene suficiente carga de significado para indicar por sí solo el hecho de hallarse en un lugar dado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿Hay casos en los que es necesario decir &lt;em&gt;estar presente&lt;/em&gt; y su significado cambia respecto &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; a secas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T09:11:09.920" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T06:14:54.460" Title="¿Es redundante decir &quot;estar presente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8748" CreationDate="2016-12-21T09:52:06.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia entry for &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neblina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neblina&lt;/a&gt; the difference is in the visibility and the size of droplets. &lt;em&gt;Niebla&lt;/em&gt; has visibility less than 1 km, &lt;em&gt;nieblina&lt;/em&gt; 1 to 10 km. The relative humidity is between 90 to 100 and 80 to 90 respectively. The English equivalents are fog and mist. &lt;em&gt;Calima&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bruma&lt;/em&gt; involve solid particles with visibility &gt; 2km and &amp;lt; 2 km respectively. I think the English equivalent is haze although severe cases are called smog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited in response to @Gorpik's comment below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an international definition of fog and mist available from the World Meteorological Organization web-site &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.caem.wmo.int/_pdf/low_cloud_visibility/lowcloudvis_04_mist_fog.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; which is what the Wikipedia entry is using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T12:55:11.780" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T12:55:11.780" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19133" CreationDate="2016-12-21T11:04:45.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En determinados actos, una persona puede estar de dos formas: presente o representada. Por ejemplo, en una reunión, una asamblea, una firma de contrato...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, por ejemplo, en el acta de la asamblea de una asociación se puede escribir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Están presentes los socios [...] y representados los socios [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, al pasar lista se suele contestar &lt;em&gt;Presente&lt;/em&gt; cuando una persona oye su nombre. De ahí que quienes han contestado &lt;em&gt;están presentes&lt;/em&gt; y los demás &lt;em&gt;están ausentes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De estos casos y otros similares se puede haber generalizado el uso redundante de &lt;em&gt;estar presente&lt;/em&gt; incluso cuando no es necesaria esta precisión, como el ejemplo de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T11:04:45.330" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19127" CreationDate="2016-12-21T13:44:59.463" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el uso de &lt;code&gt;hortera&lt;/code&gt; como platillo o cuenco es de hecho el primer uso. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.escuelapedia.com/etimologia/horteratomada-como-ejemplo-de-p/&quot;&gt;Escuelapedia&lt;/a&gt; explica parte del &quot;envilecimiento o perversión del lenguaje&quot; que ha sufrido la palabra &lt;code&gt;hortera&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la palabra &lt;em&gt;hortera&lt;/em&gt; ha recorrido un largo camino desde sus origenes &lt;strong&gt;(documentada como &lt;em&gt;fortera&lt;/em&gt; por primera vez en 1022)&lt;/strong&gt; hasta la actualidad, en una vida muy intensa que le ha proporcionado nada menos que tres significados conocidos, aparentemente desconectados entre si, aunque veremos que no tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer significado es el de &quot;fuente, bandeja o escudilla de metal o madera&quot;, algo que se usaría tanto en una sacristía para guardar las hostias, como en la cocina una casa como en una rebotica para preparar recetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;es el primer uso el que dé la clave de su etimologia, supuestamente debida a la forma del latin vulgar &lt;em&gt;offertoria&lt;/em&gt;, plural o femenino de la palabra latina eclesiástica &lt;em&gt;offertorium&lt;/em&gt;, con el valor de ‘patena para la hostia’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web explica que la palabra fue evolucionando (usándose en otros ambientes) desde el platito para la hostia a la rebotica (tiendas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asimismo, el uso de las horteras por parte de los mancebos de las reboticas (auténticos pinches de la farmacia) acabó por contaminar a sus más frecuentes usuarios, de manera que, poco a poco, &lt;strong&gt;la persona tomó el nombre (y casi se lo quitó al utensilio)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la palabra pasó de designar al objeto para designar a la persona (el ayudante de tienda o rebotica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web sigue explicando cómo el uso de &lt;code&gt;hortera&lt;/code&gt; (un insulto cargado de clasismo, o de cierto complejo de superioridad del insultador sobre el insultado) pasó a designar a alguien que pretende vestir bien (como debían hacerlo los empleados de tiendas y reboticas) no por estatus social, sino por guardar las apariencias (debía ir bien vestido y mantener un lenguaje cuidado para que las clientas se encontraran a gusto) y de ahí la palabra pasó a designar a designar a un &lt;strong&gt;falso señorito&lt;/strong&gt;, como explica &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/amando-de-miguel/origenes-curiosos-de-algunas-palabras-62173/&quot;&gt;esta otra web&lt;/a&gt; (que por cierto, ya explicó el mismo origen en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/amando-de-miguel/mas-etimologias-curiosas-46471/&quot;&gt;este otro artículo&lt;/a&gt;). Del &quot;falso señorito&quot; pasó a designar a alguien que viste ridículo, por vestir elaborado cuando su apariencia es en realidad anticuada o vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas esas refencias (en incluso &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?hortera&quot;&gt;esta otra&lt;/a&gt;, que también apunta al mismo origen) explican que el uso (o &lt;em&gt;abuso&lt;/em&gt; del término forzándolo a esa evolución) es un &lt;em&gt;madrileñismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, &lt;strong&gt;resumiendo&lt;/strong&gt;, de la etimología de &lt;em&gt;offertoria&lt;/em&gt; que designa un platito que se usaba en tiendas, el nombre pasó a designar a los mozos de las tiendas que usaban dicho platito, de ahí a designar a alguien que viste bien pretendiendo darse un estatus social que no tiene para finalmente designar a alguien que pretende vestir elborado y sofisticado y en realidad viste mal (anticuado o vulgar). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T13:44:59.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19126" CreationDate="2016-12-21T15:12:41.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &lt;code&gt;jefe&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrón&lt;/code&gt; have different connotations according to the structure of the organization or relationship with that figure who holds the power.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you work in an office, or in a team where there is clearly an structure, the person who holds the authority is a &lt;code&gt;jefe&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Patrón&lt;/code&gt; is less formal about hierarchy. Realize that a (repeating) customer in a restaurant can be called &lt;code&gt;patrón&lt;/code&gt;. So, this person is not &quot;the boss&quot; but is the &quot;person with the authority&quot;. We could understand a &lt;code&gt;patrón&lt;/code&gt; as a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_facto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de facto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't seen &quot;Narcos&quot;. My guess is that no matter how well structured that drug cartel is, they use &quot;patrón&quot; meaning &quot;The person with the power and authority we must respect and obey&quot;. They could very well use &quot;jefe&quot;, but in that particular context the power and authority of Escobar goes beyond what a regular white collar boss would be. So in that context, they use the word not just because they are a gang or crew of workers (instead of an office team) but as a way implying their superior's status and power. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It probably has something to do with a regional preference. I haven't seen other Spain-based drug-cartel related shows (like &quot;Sin tetas no hay paraíso&quot;) but I guess that in this show they would address the drug lord as &lt;code&gt;jefe&lt;/code&gt; instead. Not due to a lack of power, but to give the connotations of &quot;well structured, organized and solid&quot; of their drug cartel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you should address your girlfriend as &lt;code&gt;jefa&lt;/code&gt;, since &lt;code&gt;patrona&lt;/code&gt; is more understood as a &quot;Patron Saint&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T15:12:41.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19138" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-21T17:20:39.093" Score="5" ViewCount="1307" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Recibe un nombre particular la &quot;sorpresita&quot; del Roscón de Reyes? En mi casa (y en mi familia cercana) siempre la hemos llamado &quot;sorpresa&quot; o &quot;figurita&quot;, porque siempre era una figurita de algún tipo. A veces un muñequito y en contadas ocasiones algún otro tipo de regalito que no era una figurita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era una &quot;sorpresa&quot; porque no sabías lo que iba a ser. Tampoco sabías exactamente dónde iba a estar, pero sabías que en el roscón había, por lo menos, una. Y era algo bueno que te tocase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo recuerdo que algunos compañeros del colegio me decían que en sus roscones no había &quot;figurita&quot;, sino un &quot;haba&quot; y si te tocaba era algo malo, porque te tocaba pagar el roscón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sea &quot;haba&quot; o &quot;figurita&quot;, ¿recibe algún nombre específico el objeto dentro del Roscón de Reyes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T23:47:38.150" LastActivityDate="2021-05-18T04:48:26.340" Title="¿Recibe un nombre particular la &quot;sorpresita&quot; del Roscón de Reyes?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19138" CreationDate="2016-12-21T17:47:38.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los roscones que compramos nosotros (zona de Sevilla y Cádiz, España) los roscones suelen llevar ambas figuras: la sorpresa y el haba. Los roscones suelen venir además con una corona, que se la pone aquel al que le toca la sorpresa. Y al que le toca el haba, efectivamente le toca pagar el roscón (cosa que al final nunca pasa en realidad, sobre todo porque le suele tocar a algún niño que son quienes más roscón comen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo entendido que se le dé un nombre especial a la sorpresa, nosotros siempre la hemos llamado así (o tal vez &lt;em&gt;premio&lt;/em&gt;). Y tampoco encuentro nada en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; al respecto. En la Wikipedia también &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosc%C3%B3n_de_Reyes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se refieren&lt;/a&gt; a la figurita como &quot;sorpresa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya como nota, no siempre los roscones llevan una figurita. Sé que hay algunas pastelerías que, por ejemplo, en algunos roscones cambian la figurita por un billete de X euros para incentivar la compra. Eso sí que es una &lt;em&gt;sorpresa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T07:41:17.040" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T07:41:17.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19141" CreationDate="2016-12-21T18:17:16.323" Score="5" ViewCount="3936" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuchando los testimonios de la triste noticia de la explosión del mercado de fuegos artificiales en Tultepec México noté que muchas personas al contar su experiencia usan la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;...luego luego...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que lo que quiere expresar es &quot;... y después...&quot; pero me gustaría que alguien dé una explicación más completa de los usos que los mexicanos le dan a &quot;luego luego&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T18:30:56.450" Title="&quot;Luego luego&quot; en México" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19140" CreationDate="2016-12-21T18:30:56.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Su significado es más parecido a &lt;strong&gt;inmediatamente&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;de inmediato&lt;/strong&gt;, se podría entender que es algo inmediatamente continuo a otro objeto, ya sea que se hable  de tiempo o de distancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tienda esta &lt;strong&gt;luego luego&lt;/strong&gt; del deportivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tienda está &lt;strong&gt;inmediatamente después&lt;/strong&gt; del deportivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy me desperté &lt;strong&gt;luego luego&lt;/strong&gt; que sonó la alarma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy me desperté &lt;strong&gt;justo en el momento&lt;/strong&gt; que sonó la alarma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del tiempo la acción se puede asociar con algo en el mismo instante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T18:30:56.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19156" CreationDate="2016-12-21T20:40:33.487" Score="4" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to make a connection with someone, does using &lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; indicate that? Or would it be too forward if you do that too soon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand this is probably region specific. I live in Costa Rica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By &quot;connection&quot; I mean &quot;I'd like to be friends&quot;, &quot;You can use &lt;em&gt;Tú&lt;/em&gt; with me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12396" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T08:56:56.557" LastActivityDate="2020-05-19T20:07:39.287" Title="Is it good to use &quot;tú&quot; instead of &quot;usted&quot; to make a connection?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19483" CreationDate="2016-12-22T08:21:42.440" Score="3" ViewCount="1560" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es esta una expresión con la que entré en contacto gracias a los tebeos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipi_y_Zape&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zipi y Zape&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OcCBR.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OcCBR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Calabazas&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6fFiXov&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar calabazas a alguien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Reprobarlo en un examen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Desairarlo o rechazarlo cuando requiere de amores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco parece que hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/dar-calabazas-cual-es-el-origen-de-esta-expresion/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunas historias&lt;/a&gt; que dicen que la calabaza es un &quot;antiafrodisiaco&quot;, y que en la Edad Media se llegó a recomendar su consumo para alejar los pensamientos lascivos, y en algunas regiones incluso se llegaban a ofrecer platos a base de calabaza para rechazar a los pretendientes de una hija de la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien aportar alguna otra explicación o completar esta si es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: he añadido la etiqueta &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1a&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;a&lt;/a&gt; porque no sé si se conoce fuera de aquí. Podéis poner o quitar etiquetas si se usa en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T15:54:07.213" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;dar calabazas a alguien&quot; cuando se le suspende o rechaza?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19147" CreationDate="2016-12-22T11:08:45.707" Score="2" ViewCount="426" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish's verbs change shape. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;               comer (Standard)&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;          (Yo) como&#xA;          (Tú) comes&#xA;    (Él, Ella) come&#xA;    (Nosotros) comemos&#xA;    (vosotros) coméis&#xA;(Ellos, Ellas) comen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish have a technical word that expresses this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13528" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T11:14:39.277" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T16:04:18.067" Title="Does Spanish have a technical word that expresses changing the shape of verbs?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19146" CreationDate="2016-12-22T11:25:44.190" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the verbs have &lt;em&gt;conjugaciones&lt;/em&gt; — &lt;em&gt;conjugations&lt;/em&gt;. In your example, you have written the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AKYxxuC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for the present indicative of verb &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AKbekPp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Conjugar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; —&lt;em&gt;to conjugate&lt;/em&gt;— means to enumerate or use a verb in all its different forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip: in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=diccionario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; you can look up a verb (like &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vPNMxG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) and click the &lt;em&gt;Conjugar&lt;/em&gt; button to access every &quot;shape&quot; of the verb for every tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T16:04:18.067" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T16:04:18.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19154" CreationDate="2016-12-22T11:46:08.987" Score="4" ViewCount="986" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo cuando era pequeño que los programas de televisión escribían el número del año en el que estaba grabado el programa en números romanos (se solía ver al final del programa, igual que hoy día). A partir de algún momento esa cifra pasó a ser escrita en número arábigos. Por ejemplo, se podía ver que un programa era (c) MCMXCII en vez de (c) 1992.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, es común escribir los siglos en números romanos, pero no sé si es más una tradición que una imposición. Así, se dice que algo ocurrió en el siglo XIII más que en el siglo 13.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ha dictado la RAE alguna norma que diga que los números romanos sean de uso obligatorio a la hora de escribir algún tipo de dato concreto? Me vale conocer las reglas en la actualidad, pero si se da algún tipo de contexto histórico para conocer si fueron de uso obligatorio en el pasado, aun mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:02:16.317" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T13:02:16.317" Title="¿Es en algún caso obligatorio escribir una cifra en números romanos en español?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19162" CreationDate="2016-12-22T13:16:51.880" Score="2" ViewCount="4201" Body="&lt;p&gt;La serie de televisión &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Narcos&lt;/a&gt; narra la vida del narcotraficante colombiano Pablo Escobar hasta su muerte en 1993.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un artículo que hace referencia al libro &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cambio21.cl/cambio21/site/artic/20130312/pags/20130312113535.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pablo Escobar: el patrón del mal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recopilan algunas de las expresiones y me gustó recordar esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dar plomo&lt;/em&gt;: cuando Pablo Escobar se enoja y se quiere deshacer de alguien le da un balazo. Es decir, le da plomo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al fin y al cabo, la expresión &lt;strong&gt;plata o plomo&lt;/strong&gt; se ha convertido en la fetiche de todo aquel que habla de la serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el hecho de que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/doc/94635822/Bogotalogo-Version-Digital&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bogotalogo&lt;/a&gt; no recoja el término, que &lt;a href=&quot;https://movies.stackexchange.com/q/62015/4078&quot;&gt;el actor se caracterizara por hablar un español bastante malo&lt;/a&gt; (es brasileño) y tener en cuenta las típicas licencias estilísticas que las series crean para darles más espectacularidad, me hace dudar de cuán común era la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve unos meses viviendo en Colombia y no recuerdo haber oído nunca esta expresión (por otra parte, tampoco frecuenté narcotraficantes ni asesinos) y la descubrí viendo la serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto: ¿qué tan común era la expresión en la Colombia, especialmente Medellín, de principio de los años 90? ¿se usa aún? ¿y en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T07:58:16.933" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T07:58:16.933" Title="¿Qué tan común era la expresión &quot;dar plomo&quot; en la Colombia de los años 90?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19150" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-22T16:25:45.080" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T16:25:45.080" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T16:25:45.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19151" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-22T16:25:45.080" Score="0" Body="Yeismo, the phonological feature that consists in pronouncing &quot;ll&quot; in the same way as &quot;y&quot; (before a vowel) instead of the phoneme /ʎ/." OwnerUserId="13852" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T16:04:33.507" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T16:04:33.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15838" CreationDate="2016-12-22T19:58:15.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term used in Spanish would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which translates to something akin to &quot;&lt;em&gt;boxed code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;code in a box&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;prepackaged code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effectively, &quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be prefabricated code (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código prefabricado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) which is &quot;taken out of its box&quot; to be used as-is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two good analogies of what &quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would represent to Spanish speakers would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IKEA&lt;/a&gt; code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código listo para ensamblar/armar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) which would allude to IKEA's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready-to-assemble_furniture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ready-to-assemble furniture&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Canned code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código enlatado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) which would be prepackaged code (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código preempacado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) that can be taken out of a can, ready to be used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;&lt;em&gt;de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has the following connotations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has been previously packaged, prefabricated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It lacks creativity and originality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is predictable and obvious.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It doesn't require a lot of effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is obligatory and mandatory (Since it doesn't require effort nor creativity, there will be at least someone who will use it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means that &quot;&lt;em&gt;de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can also be applied to &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate project&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;proyecto de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, indicating that it is a &lt;em&gt;prefabricated project&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boilerplate_code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is defined as code (or sections of code) which has to be included in several places with little to no alteration, it can be seen how the analogy of &quot;&lt;em&gt;IKEA code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would work, since it would be code that needs little to no &quot;assembly&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has been previously translated as &lt;a href=&quot;http://slideplayer.es/slide/72659/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and also &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/fufales/ZeloForm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;as&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/ladrupalera/status/731114309695221760&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;código prefabricado&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you are looking to translate &quot;&lt;em&gt;code template&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;project template&lt;/em&gt;&quot; you might want to consider to use &quot;&lt;em&gt;plantilla&lt;/em&gt;&quot; for &quot;&lt;em&gt;template&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, resulting in &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/SSQ2R2_9.5.1/org.eclipse.cdt.doc.user/reference/cdt_u_c_code_templates_pref.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plantilla de código&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pro.arcgis.com/es/pro-app/get-started/create-a-project-template.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plantilla de proyecto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please notice that &quot;&lt;em&gt;Repetitive code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código repetitivo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) is slightly different from &quot;&lt;em&gt;Boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, to illustrate this let's take a look at this exchange during a code-review meeting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;One more thing: What is this method, what purpose does it meet?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That's just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Oh alright, it looks good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's replace &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; with &quot;&lt;em&gt;repetitive code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;One more thing: What is this method, what purpose does it meet?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That's just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;repetitive code&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Oh alright, it looks good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second exchange should strike you as odd, but if you can't put your finger on it, keep in mind the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software development, &quot;&lt;em&gt;repetitive code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código repetitivo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) is code that violates the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY (don't repeat yourself) principle&lt;/a&gt; and, as such, it carries negative implications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first exchange is common during code reviews, code that looks out of place can be explained as &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which is used to setup or initialize third-party functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second exchange is uncommon because not only does the author of the code admits of violating the DRY principle, the reviewer does not bat an eye at such admission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words: &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is code that &lt;strong&gt;must be&lt;/strong&gt; repeated, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;repetitive code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (also known as &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy_and_paste_programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;copy-paste code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) is code that is &lt;strong&gt;unnecessarily&lt;/strong&gt; repeated and is frowned upon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind, you can see why translating &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;código repetitivo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; might be an unfortunate choice. If &quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&quot; does not convince you, you would be better off using one of the options presented by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/7094/spiral&quot;&gt;spiral&lt;/a&gt;, instead. Also, using &quot;&lt;em&gt;andamios&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, as proposed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/11732/roberto-tom%C3%A1s&quot;&gt;roberto tomás&lt;/a&gt; would be a better choice than &quot;&lt;em&gt;código repetitivo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;&lt;em&gt;código reutilizable&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) has the opposite problem: It has a good connotation that perhaps does not apply to &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; could be seen as &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (after all, it is code that you must repeat in different projects), developers have the goal of writing &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as opposed to writing &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is code you write in a library or a module in order to adhere to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reusability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reusability&lt;/a&gt; principles, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be the code you have to write to include such library (or module) and perform the call to the functionality provided by the &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. From that perspective, &quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is code that results from leveraging &quot;&lt;em&gt;reusable code&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final note regarding the term &quot;&lt;em&gt;scaffolding&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: While &quot;&lt;em&gt;andamio&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is acceptable, &quot;&lt;em&gt;scaffolding&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is translated &lt;a href=&quot;http://book.cakephp.org/1.3/es/The-Manual/Developing-with-CakePHP/Scaffolding.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;as&lt;/a&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=erivh6OpfCo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;andamiaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. In education, the term &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_scaffolding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;scaffolding&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; also exists, and its equivalent in Spanish is &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andamiaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;andamiaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T20:12:04.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2016-12-22T22:05:32.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un término equivalente en español que se usa frecuentemente para describir este concepto en particular. Sin embargo, el término en cuestión no es un sustantivo, por lo que requiere que la frase se modifique para utilizarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Game Changing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cambiar las reglas del juego&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, un &quot;&lt;strong&gt;game changer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es &lt;em&gt;un agente que causa que cambien las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay algunos ejemplos de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://eleconomista.com.mx/mercados-estadisticas/2016/11/13/triunfo-trump-cambia-las-reglas-juego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Triunfo de Trump &lt;em&gt;cambia las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/a&gt; (Usado en México)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201612/172899-advirten-que-la-reforma-en-ganancias-cambia-las-reglas-de-juego-y-desalienta-la-inversion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Empresarios advierten que la reforma en ganancias “&lt;em&gt;cambia las reglas de juego&lt;/em&gt; y desalienta la inversión.”&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (Usado en Argentina)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elvocero.com/clave-para-el-2016-cambiar-las-reglas-del-juego/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estamos en un momento crítico donde solo el que tenga de meta &lt;em&gt;cambiar las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt; se destacará y crecerá.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;  (Usado en Puerto Rico)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.auraportal.com/es/proximo-evento-cambia-las-reglas-del-juego-vienes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Cambia las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt; y conduce tu negocio al éxito en 1, 2, 3… ¡Ya!&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (Usado en España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede observar, &quot;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;cambia las reglas del juego&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es una forma general de denominar a un &quot;&lt;strong&gt;game changer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así bien, los ejemplos anteriores muestran que la frase no es regional y se usa para referirse a cambios que sean tanto positivos como negativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos presentados en la pregunta necesitan adaptarse un poco para utilizar la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película &quot;El Caballero Oscuro&quot; de Christopher Nolan &lt;strong&gt;cambió las reglas del juego&lt;/strong&gt;. Casi todas las pelis de superhéroes que se han hecho despues de esta son más adultas y oscuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El modelo empresarial de Spotify &lt;strong&gt;cambió &lt;em&gt;completamente&lt;/em&gt; las reglas del juego&lt;/strong&gt;. Muchas empresas establecidas y start ups han copiado el modelo, y hasta se le conoce como &quot;el modelo de Spotify&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando Apple introdujo el iPod, el producto &lt;strong&gt;cambió las reglas del juego&lt;/strong&gt;. Revolucionó la manera en la que la música se compra y consume. [&lt;em&gt;...&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, tras realizar esos pequeños cambios suenan más naturales. Nótese que como la frase es un verbo se puede utilizar en diferentes tiempos como pasado (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cambió&lt;/strong&gt; las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt;), presente (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cambia&lt;/strong&gt; las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt;) y futuro (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cambiará&lt;/strong&gt; las reglas del juego&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T22:05:32.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19148" CreationDate="2016-12-23T08:02:21.170" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DPD el único caso en el que es obligatorio el uso de los números romanos es al escribir los siglos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No deben usarse, en este caso, números arábigos: &lt;sup&gt;(x)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;siglo 21&lt;/em&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros casos solo se pueden usar números arábigos o ambos. Y luego está el caso de reyes, emperadores y papas en el que no se dice explícitamente si pueden usarse números arábigos o no pero sería extraño (yo al menos nunca lo he visto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@CarlosAlejo comenta que el DPD es de 2005 y por tanto ha podido cambiar algo desde entonces. He buscado también en &lt;em&gt;Ortografia de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/em&gt; y las normas en el uso de los números romanos &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QGBgBhUzBTpjPSAj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;siguen igual&lt;/a&gt; aunque se añaden algunos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/loKE8.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/loKE8.png&quot; alt=&quot;Uso números romanos: punto b&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VX4Lf.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VX4Lf.png&quot; alt=&quot;Uso números romanos: punto j y k&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esos casos tampoco queda claro si pueden usarse números arábigos aunque en las carreteras nacionales hay de los dos tipos como &lt;em&gt;N-III o N-102&lt;/em&gt;; he encontrado hasta la &lt;em&gt;N-VI&lt;/em&gt; en números romanos, el resto son arábigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T08:36:13.000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T08:36:13.000" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T08:39:44.250" Score="4" ViewCount="1642" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19152/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a otra pregunta me puse a buscar el significado y etimología de la expresión &quot;ser de cajón algo&quot;, dado que para mí la expresión significa (así sin consultar) que algo es obvio, indudable. Una consulta a la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6eaAt2X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confirmó mis sospechas&lt;/a&gt;, pero cuando fui a buscar el significado de la expresión, encontré artículos que hacían referencia a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundacionlengua.com/es/cajon/art/207/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otra explicación&lt;/a&gt; de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me puse a buscar el significado de la expresión con el paso del tiempo. La primera ocurrencia aparece en el diccionario de la RAE de 1817:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SER DE CAJON&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Ser alguna cosa corriente y de estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejado de lado el hecho de que me sorprende que una cosa pueda ser corriente y de estilo al mismo tiempo, fui siguiendo la evolución de la expresión, que se mantiene invariable hasta 1970:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser de cajón una cosa&lt;/strong&gt;. fr. Ser corriente y de estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para pasar de golpe y porrazo en la siguiente edición (1984) a significar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser de cajón una cosa&lt;/strong&gt;. fr. fig. y fam. Ser evidente, obvia, estar fuera de toda duda o discusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo dio un cambio tan brusco la expresión, sin que convivieran ambas acepciones siquiera durante un tiempo? ¿Qué tiene que ver el significado anterior con el actual? ¿Se sigue utilizando el significado antiguo hoy día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T23:48:06.080" Title="Evolución anómala de la expresión &quot;ser de cajón&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19143" CreationDate="2016-12-23T09:10:59.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing this an answer because it seems there are no one from Costa Rica and I think now is better to help instead of doing a perfect answer, also it doesn't fit in a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, Carlos Alejo and guifa gave good points in the comments, to specify the type of connection you are searching would help, and guifa gave you specific advice about the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know almost in all South America &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used not only for formal relations, sometimes even conjugating the verbs with the second person both singular and plural, instead of using the third person. There are significant differences between countries though, so if there's no one from Costa Rica that can help you here, I'd try to observe how others in that country speaks to their relatives, your coworkers, a mother with her child in the street, that type of things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can directly ask someone in the same country too, you know, in the shop you buy the food, to your neighbour, one of you co-workers. I'm sure that you'll find people that will help you with it. Use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; to ask it so you ensure that you ask it politely and you'll be ok.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've visited different countries in Europe and South America and I have  never had problems asking that type of thing. Nowadays people are generally used to see and &quot;coexist&quot; with tourists, if you choose someone who know who you are (like a co-worker or a neighbour) or someone that his/her daily work is to speak with others (clerk, shop assistant) and of course you are polite (use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;), you will most probably be gladly answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13418" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T08:51:13.103" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T08:51:13.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T10:08:29.650" Score="3" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to think of a good name for a Spanish-based business, but finding a good name (and not reserved domain name) is more difficult than starting a business itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Business is going to be targeted at foreigners, mainly Polish speakers, but will be used also by local Spanish people and maybe by English speaking tourists (hopefully). I came up with a name in the form of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;MyBusiness&lt;/em&gt; España&lt;/strong&gt; and now because of a diacritic I have a problem with a domain name. I do not know which form I should use so it won't be considered a spelling error or simply won't look strange. I have following possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mybusiness&lt;/em&gt;espana.com&lt;/strong&gt; - I think this one is the best, as I believe domain names in Spain are mostly formed in this way (dropping a diacritic and leaving a &quot;plain&quot; latin character &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;), but as I do not speak Spanish, I am simply not sure. Are they? It also has a problem that Polish language already has an equivalent of &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; sound, which is a combination of letters &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; so it might pose a problem when Polish person hears &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;, they will be tempted to type &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mybusiness&lt;/em&gt;espania.com&lt;/strong&gt; - as an attempt to work around the issue of &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; sound for Polish people (and maybe others?). I am aware that it might be simply a spelling error from Spanish point of view, but I might keep it as a secondary name, and drop it if it is not used too frequently (i. e. users get domain name correctly most of the time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mybusiness&lt;/em&gt;españa.com&lt;/strong&gt; - it's also technically possible to use a diacritic in a domain name, it's just not that popular yet, and does not work with all software. I wonder if it might get any recognition. Or maybe you simply think it would be better to use &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; because, I don't know, it's already customary in Spain, or for any other reason?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sorry if my questions turns out to be blatantly incorrect in any language-related aspect ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14555" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T19:09:43.553" Title="Diacritics in domain names" Tags="&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19157" CreationDate="2016-12-23T11:06:17.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the many worries of the Spanish Government is to sell what we call the &quot;Marca España&quot;, that is to sell our country as if it were a brand name. For that, we have a web page that can be accessed both as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://marcaespana.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://marcaespana.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://marcaespa%C3%B1a.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://marcaespaña.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both options can be perfectly valid for your business, just register both &lt;em&gt;mybusinessespana.com&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mybusinessespaña.com&lt;/em&gt; and make a redirection from one of them to the default site. If you are worried about your Polish clients, just register also &lt;em&gt;mybusinessespania.com&lt;/em&gt;. After all, registering a domain is cheap, so why choose when you can have all of them? It is very common for some businesses to register common misspellings of their own brand names to avoid people going into other sites. As we say: &lt;em&gt;más vale prevenir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T19:09:43.553" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T19:09:43.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19157" CreationDate="2016-12-23T11:09:50.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the &quot;eñe&quot; in the domain name, though technically possible (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalized_domain_name&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Internationalized Domain Names&lt;/a&gt;), isn't recommended for a non-local audience that may have difficulties typing those characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the transliteration of the &quot;eñe&quot; in a domain is more intuitive for the reader to be just one letter (n), instead of trying to guess the correct phonetic transliteration with more characters (ni, ny or ng).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens the same with certain polish characters (Ć, Ł, Ń, Ś, Ź, Ż, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T11:09:50.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T16:19:58.797" Score="3" ViewCount="967" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &quot;BHAG&quot;o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Hairy_Audacious_Goal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Big Hairy Audacious Goal&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;strategic business statement&lt;/strong&gt; similar to a vision statement which is created to focus an organization on a single medium-long term organization-wide goal which is &lt;em&gt;audacious&lt;/em&gt;, likely to be externally questionable, but not internally regarded as &lt;em&gt;impossible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que es un objetivo empresarial a largo plazo. Es &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;audaz&lt;/em&gt; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;peludo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Lo de grande se entiende porque el objetivo es muy ambicioso, aunque  sea a largo plazo. Es audaz por el valor que aporta a la empresa o entidad (aunque sin ánimo de ser necesariamente un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19109/5481&quot;&gt;game changer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que cuesta traducir es lo de &quot;peludo&quot;, que lo veo como si fuera uno de esos monstruos grandes y peludos que dan miedo. Otra posibilidad es traducir como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SNxntVg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peliagudo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de un negocio o de otra cosa: Difícil de resolver o entender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en ambos caso, dificil, que da miedo o respeto, pero no imposible de superar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por tanto &quot;Gran Objetivo Audaz y Peliagudo&quot; la traducción más apropiada para &quot;Big Hairy Audacious Goal&quot;? Hay alguna traducción aceptada o usada como la tradución &quot;de facto&quot;? Se le ocurre a alguien una mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T18:08:50.950" Title="Cómo traducir al español &quot;BHAG&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19149" CreationDate="2016-12-23T20:07:01.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;strong&gt;dar plomo&lt;/strong&gt; fue y sigue siendo muy utilizada para todo lo relacionado con armas de fuego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé desde cuándo se utiliza pero la he escuchado desde siempre y actualmente reemplaza en el lenguaje coloquial a &quot;disparar&quot; en casi cualquier conversación que tenga que ver con armas de fuego sin necesidad de que tenga nada que ver con narcos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo al hablar sobre un robo a un banco en el que intervenga la policía el narrador podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...y cuando llegó la policía se armó una &lt;strong&gt;plomacera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt; la berraca&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt; y a uno de los ladrones le alcanzaron a &lt;strong&gt;dar plomo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(3)&lt;/sup&gt; y quedó &lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(4)&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; (1) plomacera: intercambio de disparos de arma de fuego.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; (2) la berraca: impresionante, extraordinaria &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=berraco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(*)&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semana.com/opinion/articulo/verraco-berraco/10346-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;**&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.destinocafe.com/es/ieventos/ver/621/el-berraco-de-guacas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;***&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; (3) dar plomo: disparar&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; (4) &lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt;: muerto&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T09:10:18.357" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:10:18.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19164" CreationDate="2016-12-23T21:06:45.820" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si existe alguna traducción &quot;oficial&quot; del concepto de &lt;em&gt;cousin primes&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cousin_prime&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;descripción de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;), ya que, intuitivamente, la traducción literal sería &lt;em&gt;Primos primos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14562" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-25T10:50:11.333" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T10:50:11.333" Title="¿Cómo se traduciría el término &quot;cousin primes&quot; al castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19163" CreationDate="2016-12-23T22:20:27.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si será oficial, pero en muchos artículos por Internet se puede encontrar la expresión &quot;números primos primos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gaussianos.com/numeros-primos-gemelos-y-demas-familia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Números primos gemelos y demás familia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ireneses.wordpress.com/2013/06/02/modelos-probabilisticos-de-la-distribucion-de-numeros-primos-el-proceso-de-bertrand/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modelos Probabilísticos de la Distribución de Números Primos. Proceso de Bertrand.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lacienciadelcine.blogspot.com.es/2011/02/el-amor-tiene-dos-caras.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El amor tiene dos caras&lt;/a&gt; (sí, es una reseña de una peli en la que resulta que el protagonista está obsesionado con los números primos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he llegado a encontrar la expresión en ningún texto más oficial. En todo caso, desconozco la importancia matemática de los números primos primos, por lo que ignoro si se suelen comentar en libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T22:20:27.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-24T10:49:43.353" Score="6" ViewCount="5827" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OkGmKdR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medianoche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparte del significado lógico de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Hora en que el sol está en el punto opuesto al de mediodía.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es también  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. f. &lt;strong&gt;Bollo pequeño partido longitudinalmente en dos mitades, entre las que se coloca una loncha de jamón, queso, etc.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y viene ya recogida en el diccionario de Rodríguez Navas de 1918, o en 1918 también se hace un juego de palabras con ella en &quot;La venganza de Don Mendo&quot; (&quot;... fue vilmente traicionado y cambióse en media noche por no ser emparedado...&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo surgió esa segunda acepción? ¿Tal vez como refrigerio que se servía a medianoche&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14438" LastEditorUserId="14438" LastEditDate="2016-12-24T10:59:45.223" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T08:58:03.710" Title="¿Por qué &quot;medianoche&quot; es un bollo en el que se coloca comida?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19169" CreationDate="2016-12-25T02:16:36.403" Score="2" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ignoring the sentence, the context suggests it means &quot;Who can guess who it is&quot;? What is the actual translation?&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ix0QT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ix0QT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Also, are llamitas &quot;little calls&quot;, or &quot;little flames&quot; or something else like an animal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what does: &quot;vive por la Quebrada ¿ya captan?&quot; and &quot;sigue en Primaria&quot; mean here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los demás pasajeros bajaron en la avenida Arequipa. A la altura de&#xA;  Javier Prado subió el cachalote Tomasso, ese albino de dos metros que&#xA;  sigue en Primaria, vive por la Quebrada ¿ya captan?;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first I think means &quot; is still in grade school, rather is continuing towards school. The second looks like &quot;lives near&quot; la Quebrada, but &quot;ya captan&quot; wouldn't make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2016-12-25T02:30:59.230" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T06:08:32.730" Title="How would you translate &quot;¿A que adivino quién es?&quot; in this context?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19168" CreationDate="2016-12-25T03:06:22.517" Score="2" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading a book where this keeps occurring. Would it sound normal if I said this?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Regresó donde ellos.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Tengo que ir donde Martha.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T09:44:22.940" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T09:44:22.940" Title="Is it normal or acceptable Spanish to drop &quot;estar&quot; from phrases with &quot;donde&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19167" CreationDate="2016-12-25T05:54:25.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you may know, Spanish is very diverse, and geography plays a big part in how the language is used. In the cases that you mentioned, it sounds like the Spaniard accent. However in Latin America people would look at you funny for a heartbeat. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not wrong in itself because it still has a subject, an action and a 'predicado' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14493" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T05:54:25.397" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19166" CreationDate="2016-12-25T06:08:32.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;“¿A que adivino quién es?”  --&gt;&gt; I bet you that i know who it is. (in a playful manner)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the 'flamitas' would mean literally 'little flames' but in the context it's the same as saying 'i have a parched throat' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on the second text, the narrator is explaining something that happened. let's break it down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la altura de Javier Prado subió el cachalote Tomasso, ese albino de dos metros que sigue en Primaria, vive por la Quebrada ¿ya captan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&gt; at Javier Pardo (street) cachalote(adjective comparing the guy to a whale for it'&#xA;s size) Tomasso (person), the two meter Albino, the one who still attends Primary school and lives by la Quebrada (place, usually a cliff). Do you understand yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14493" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T06:08:32.730" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19133" CreationDate="2016-12-25T06:14:54.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que más bien sigue la forma gramática del verbo. Por ejemplo &quot;estar dormido&quot;, &quot;estar ausente&quot;, &quot;estar pendejo&quot;. De modo que aunque el verbo estar sirva para denotar que existía en ese momento en particular, al agregar &quot;presente&quot; se formaliza en que estado existía en ese momento y lugar. Igual y se vuelve redundante si lo analizas muy de cerca, pero así es el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14493" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T06:14:54.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17913" CreationDate="2016-12-25T11:39:37.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=K10MJdL7pGIC&amp;amp;dq=covarrubias&amp;amp;pg=RA17-PA7#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge en la pág. 598:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;PVCHERO, la olla en que se cozian las puches. &lt;strong&gt;Hazer pucheritos, es de los niños, quando quieren llorar: porque hinchan los carrillejos, a modo del puchero que es ventricoso.&lt;/strong&gt; Comer su puchero, contentarse con su passada.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UcyUg.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UcyUg.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14479" LastEditorDisplayName="user14479" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T09:50:23.010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T09:50:23.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19172" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-25T12:43:19.453" Score="11" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Autoridades he encontrado (en el epígrafe &quot;pera&quot;) el refrán  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;La mujer y la pera, la que calla es buena&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Refrán que enseña a las mujeres cuan provechoso y laudable es el silencio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no lo acabo de entender. La parte referente a la mujer que habla poco o no habla es un tópico frecuente (por ejemplo: en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/El_m%C3%A9dico_a_palos:_21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El médico a palos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Molière, acto II, escena V, se recoge: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;una mujer que no habla es un tesoro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;), pero ¿por qué &quot;la pera que calla es buena&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14504" LastEditorDisplayName="user14504" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T05:52:14.997" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T05:52:14.997" Title="¿Por qué &quot;la pera que calla es buena&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19173" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-26T13:33:19.033" Score="5" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2vUgk3N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antípodas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; son &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de una persona con respecto a otra: Que habita en un lugar del globo terrestre diametralmente opuesto al lugar en el que habita la otra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de España, aproximadamente corresponde a Nueva Zelanda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ScNfJ34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;periecos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; son  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. &lt;em&gt;Geogr&lt;/em&gt;. p. us. Dicho de una persona con respecto de otra: Que habita en un punto del globo terrestre sobre el mismo paralelo que ella, pero sobre el meridiano opuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de España, corresponde aproximadamente a Japón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un término para referirse a los &quot;periecos de los antípodas&quot;? (En el caso de España, correspondería al Atlántico Sur, al suroeste de Sudáfrica)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14501" LastEditorDisplayName="user14501" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T20:33:47.680" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T20:33:47.680" Title="¿Hay un término para designar a los periecos de los antípodas?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19173" CreationDate="2016-12-26T13:46:50.707" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2mJ4pVe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anteco, ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;antoeci, -ōrum&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. ἄντοικος &lt;em&gt;ántoikos&lt;/em&gt; 'que vive al lado opuesto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. &lt;em&gt;Geogr.&lt;/em&gt; p. us. Dicho de una persona con respecto de otra: Que habita en un punto del globo terrestre sobre el mismo meridiano que ella y a igual distancia del ecuador, pero en el hemisferio opuesto. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T13:42:38.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="34" CreationDate="2016-12-26T15:40:38.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;una diferencia esencial podemos decir que es que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por: indica una razón por ejemplo por ti por alguien etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para: indica hacia algo o para algo es decir para ti para nosotros&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12881" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T19:06:22.063" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T19:06:22.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19177" CreationDate="2016-12-27T11:15:30.150" Score="6" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had some discussion about if &lt;em&gt;product feature&lt;/em&gt; could be translated to &lt;em&gt;característica de producto&lt;/em&gt; per se.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some coworkers have argued that &lt;em&gt;característica&lt;/em&gt; might refer to something more tied to &lt;em&gt;how the product is&lt;/em&gt; rather than to &lt;em&gt;what it does&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, it's very common to use &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt; to describe both some given behavior in a product and anything that makes it stand out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclamer: I'm Spanish, but I want your advice to ensure that I'm using the word &lt;em&gt;característica&lt;/em&gt; when I translate it from &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt; in the particular case of &lt;em&gt;product feature&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14571" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T13:30:30.917" LastActivityDate="2020-04-13T10:48:01.353" Title="Is it a bad translation to consider a product feature a &quot;característica de producto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19176" CreationDate="2016-12-27T12:48:48.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la RAE Característico,ca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al carácter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cualidad: Que da carácter o sirve para distinguir a alguien o algo de sus semejantes. U. t. c. s. f.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la acepción 2 tenemos que si el producto tiene una cualidad que sirve para destacarlo o diferenciarlo, esa cualidad la podemos llamar característica, por lo tanto no importa si esa cualidad es algo que &quot;es&quot; o algo que &quot;hace&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo anterior el uso de &lt;strong&gt;característica&lt;/strong&gt; en español es igual al uso de &lt;strong&gt;feature&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés y pude usarse como traducción válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única observación que tengo es que sería necesario un poco más de contexto para saber si debes escribir &quot;característica &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; producto&quot; o &quot;característica &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; producto&quot; ya que en todos los ejemplos que se me ocurren en este momento lo correcto sería usar &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T12:59:55.867" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T12:59:55.867" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19176" CreationDate="2016-12-27T14:18:51.767" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito comercial tal vez &lt;em&gt;features&lt;/em&gt; no se refiera a cualquier característica, sino especialmente a las &lt;em&gt;características positivas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;distintivas&lt;/em&gt; del producto. En tal caso hay traducciones alternativas que se enfocan en aquello, aunque no sean literales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prestaciones del producto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;atractivos del producto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cualidades del producto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;características especiales del producto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T14:18:51.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19172" CreationDate="2016-12-27T15:10:28.303" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada de &quot;callar&quot; del &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=ETwiAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA174&amp;amp;lpg=PA174&amp;amp;dq=%22que%20calla%20es%20buena%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=gAqYJhi9vS&amp;amp;sig=yuSYIz_mZ5OkwawLqV1O1ZolOZw&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22que%20calla%20es%20buena%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; de 1791 se explica: las peras buenas son las que no suenan al partirlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LA MUGER Y LA PERA LA QUE CALLA ES BUENA. ref. que alaba á la muger silenciosa con la semejanza de la pera , que quando es buena , ó madura no mete ruido al partirla. &lt;br&gt; &lt;em&gt;Femina , sive pirum , que sit taciturna probatur&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T15:10:28.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19172" CreationDate="2016-12-27T18:40:21.650" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Refranes de &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/diccionarioderef02sbaruoft&quot;&gt;Sbarbi&lt;/a&gt; igualmente se recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mujer y la pera, la que calla es buena,&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;es mamadera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Recomienda el silencio a las mujeres, a la manera que es aceptable la pera&#xA;  que no cruje cuando se come, porque, de hacer ruido en esta ocasión, es señal cierta de ser de mala calidad o de hallarse aún verde, y, por tanto, fuera&#xA;  de sazón para ser comida. Por eso dice otro refrán, que &lt;em&gt;Pera que dice &quot;Rodrigo&quot;, no vale un higo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14519" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T18:40:21.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19185" CreationDate="2016-12-27T18:57:41.410" Score="4" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;In describing details about a workshop, I'm listing the presenting person/organization, the location, the date, and giving a link for more information. So far what I have, with equivalent English in parenthesis, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presentador (Presented By):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ubicación (Location):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Fecha (Date):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Informaciones (More Information) [link]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is 'presentador' correct, or what word would a native Spanish speaker use to list the presenter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12756" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T02:13:54.283" Title="How to say 'presenter' in a workshop?" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19182" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-27T22:34:34.370" Score="-5" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to hyphenate suplicaba?  Explain the rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14573" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T17:47:47.597" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T17:47:47.597" Title="What is the correct way to hyphenate suplicaba? Explain the rule" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-29T18:33:38.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19182" CreationDate="2016-12-27T22:44:30.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule is the same for all words in Spanish. You should split by syllables and if you know the pronunciation it is easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case: su-pli-ca-ba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T22:44:30.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19181" CreationDate="2016-12-28T02:13:54.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ponente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;Presentador&lt;/em&gt;, but both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &quot;Informaciones&quot; you should use &lt;strong&gt;Más información: [link]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="954" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T02:13:54.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19190" CreationDate="2016-12-28T03:20:59.170" Score="6" ViewCount="1530" Body="&lt;p&gt;In another question I asked, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19181/how-to-say-presenter-in-a-workshop&quot;&gt;How to say &amp;#39;presenter&amp;#39; in a workshop?&lt;/a&gt; I used &quot;informaciones&quot; to link to 'more information'. At first I used &quot;mas información&quot; but a fluent (not native, however) Spanish speaker said &quot;informaciones&quot; was used in that context (a workshop description) to link to more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That leads me to ask:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What is the difference between 'informaciones' and 'información', and what is the appropriate context/usage for each?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is mainly for use in Mexico but also for broader Latin American audiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12756" LastEditorUserId="12756" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T13:53:21.767" LastActivityDate="2020-01-25T19:35:46.233" Title="Informaciones vs. información - when to use which?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19186" CreationDate="2016-12-28T12:04:40.703" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México el término &quot;informaciones&quot; no suena natural. De hecho, no recuerdo haberlo visto u oído en ninguna publicación. Yo descartaría su uso.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente, &lt;strong&gt;más información&lt;/strong&gt; es la fórmula más general que puedes utilizar. Es simple y ampliamente usada; además es, en mi opinión, el equivalente más cercano al texto en inglés &lt;strong&gt;more information&lt;/strong&gt;. Otra fórmula general es: &lt;strong&gt;información relevante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo de la información que esté ligada al hipertexto, sin embargo, puedes recurrir a textos alternativos cómo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ligas de interés (links)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lectura alternativa (alternative reading)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acerca del autor (about the author)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuentes de información (information sources)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publicaciones relevantes (media)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, los textos de la lista son de carácter más específico y su uso se restringe a la naturaleza de la información que se liga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T12:04:40.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19186" CreationDate="2016-12-28T13:23:11.220" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19181/how-to-say-presenter-in-a-workshop#comment28636_19181&quot;&gt;I told you on that other answer&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Informaciones&lt;/em&gt; sounds wrong. I've heard it a lot from Brazilians that learned Spanish so I guess in Portuguese it is fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look at most definitions on RAE you will see that &lt;strong&gt;Información&lt;/strong&gt; being singular refers to plural &quot;knowledge or data&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check definitions 4, 5 and 6:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de informar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Oficina donde se informa sobre algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Averiguación jurídica y legal de un hecho o delito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pruebas que se hacen de la calidad y circunstancias necesarias en una persona para un empleo u honor. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Comunicación o adquisición de conocimientos que permiten ampliar o precisar los que se poseen sobre una materia determinada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conocimientos comunicados o adquiridos mediante una información.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Biol. Propiedad intrínseca de ciertos biopolímeros, como los ácidos nucleicos, originada por la secuencia de las unidades&#xA;  componentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. Educación, instrucción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In definitions 5, 6 when it means &quot;knowledge or data&quot; notice that it is defined as &quot;conocimiento&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case it is the same as in English where you do not say &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;more informations&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/strike&gt; since the use of the singular form implies that following the link you will find several pieces of information/data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T13:23:11.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19186" CreationDate="2016-12-28T13:45:23.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; they are synonymous and I would say that we definitely prefer the plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oficina de informaciones (information office)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solicite más informaciones al fono xxxxx (request more information on phone xxxxxx)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T13:45:23.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19186" CreationDate="2016-12-28T23:09:52.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Información&lt;/em&gt; is more common, but somebody could use &lt;em&gt;informaciones&lt;/em&gt; to highlight that there are several sources of information or information of different kinds or even contradictory information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway the examples provided by Rodrigo are considered (such as oficina de informaciones) wrong in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T23:09:52.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19196" CreationDate="2016-12-29T03:19:33.220" Score="6" ViewCount="4356" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día estaba ojeando un libro de un juego de rol cuando me encontré con la siguiente ilustración, que muestra un puñal cuya hoja se curva varias veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que en ciertas espadas, como los sables o las cimitarras, la hoja se curva un poco, pero desconozco el nombre de este tipo de puñal o estilo de hoja corta en la que la misma se curva varias veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se denomina al diseño de este tipo de hoja?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jUHm4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jUHm4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T01:38:40.050" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T01:38:40.050" Title="¿Cómo se denomina a este tipo de hoja?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-29T08:44:31.700" Score="-1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I translate the following message &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Y aste le dune a my novio&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14582" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T17:31:49.157" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T17:31:49.157" Title="How do I translate the following" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-12-29T15:01:54.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19191" CreationDate="2016-12-29T09:06:00.233" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Su nombre es &lt;strong&gt;Kris&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MiIHjgF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MiIHjgF&lt;/a&gt; ; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dice en el link de la wikipedia, es originaria de Indonesia, específicamente de la isla de Java, si no recuerdo mal, y en la realidad suele tener un fuerte componente ritual más que un uso bélico; que no es que no tenga este último, no deja de ser un arma, pero que yo sepa siempre ha sido conocida por ese componente ritual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los juegos de rol, sobre todo en los de ambientación medieval/fantástica, es muy típica de personajes del tipo ladrón y asesino. También en las novelas del género es relativamente común para ese tipo de personajes, lo cual resulta bastante lógico dada su forma y su fama: siempre consigues dar un tono esotérico o místico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T09:28:27.887" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T09:28:27.887" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19192" CreationDate="2016-12-29T11:42:20.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;And I even gave it to my boyfriend. &quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aste&lt;/strong&gt; - this is a typo for &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dune&lt;/strong&gt; — is a typo for &lt;em&gt;doné&lt;/em&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=donar&amp;amp;origen=REDLE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;donar&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbix.com/webverbix/Spanish/donar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1st pret&lt;/a&gt;. (I donated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;my&lt;/strong&gt; — is a typo for &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11732" LastEditorUserId="11732" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T14:02:53.630" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T14:02:53.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19191" CreationDate="2016-12-29T15:10:49.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien esa arma en particular es un kris, al tipo de hoja se lo conoce como &lt;em&gt;flamígero&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ondulado&lt;/em&gt;; en Europa ha sido más común encontrarlo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada_flam%C3%ADgera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espadas de gran tamaño&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2016-12-31T14:29:13.340" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T14:29:13.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18781" CreationDate="2016-12-29T16:09:30.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se les llama camionetas utilitarias con &quot;platón&quot; o &quot;bandeja&quot;. Estos nombres son muy populares en especial en lugares rurales, pues en la ciudad generalmente se les dice &quot;pickup&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T17:28:34.360" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T17:28:34.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19224" CreationDate="2016-12-29T16:28:36.397" Score="1" ViewCount="773" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Puede que tenga frío cuando vaya a Kashmir en Invierno.(It may be cold when you go to Kashmir in Winter) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Puede que tenga frío cuando Iré a Kashmir en Invierno. (It may be cold when I go to Kashmir in Winter) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero según la estructura (Cuando + Subjuntivo + Futuro). Cuál es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10938" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T17:04:28.373" LastActivityDate="2020-01-17T03:17:15.030" Title="Puede (Ser) Que + subjuntivos" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18781" CreationDate="2016-12-29T17:52:49.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Bolivia le decimos carrocería, y cabina a la parte de adelante que tiene techo y donde va el conductor y pasajeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12232" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T17:52:49.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18148" CreationDate="2016-12-29T19:12:34.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give some context to what is easily one of the most famous quotes in history:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;To be, or not to be&amp;quot; is the opening phrase of a &lt;strong&gt;soliloquy&lt;/strong&gt; spoken by Prince Hamlet [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although called a soliloquy, Hamlet is far from alone since Ophelia is pretending to read while she waits for Hamlet to notice her, and [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even so, &lt;strong&gt;Hamlet seems to consider himself alone&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_be,_or_not_to_be&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So Hamlet is asking a question to himself. We could change the sentence, maintaining all the meaning, by saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be or not to be, that is the &lt;em&gt;conundrum&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether 'tis Nobler in the mind to suffer [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since a &lt;em&gt;conundrum&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;a confusing and difficult problem or question; a question or problem having only a conjectural answer; a riddle&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And by doing that I hope it is clearer to understand the difference when translating to Spanish &amp;quot;question&amp;quot; as &lt;code&gt;cuestión&lt;/code&gt;, instead of &lt;code&gt;pregunta&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bb1zrQ1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition of &amp;quot;cuestión&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pregunta&lt;/strong&gt; que se hace con intención dialéctica para averiguar la verdad de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problema&lt;/strong&gt; que debe ser resuelto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oposición de términos lógicos o de razones respecto a un mismo tema, que &lt;strong&gt;exigen detenido estudio&lt;/strong&gt; para resolver con acierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can see how the definition of &lt;code&gt;cuestión&lt;/code&gt; explains the term as a &amp;quot;pregunta&amp;quot;, but a &lt;code&gt;pregunta&lt;/code&gt; that you make in order to learn something (like a rhetorical question in order to help someone understand something or to make them think, like in the Socratic method).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, &amp;quot;question&amp;quot; has been correctly translated in this context, since Hamlet is not asking anything to anybody present in the room. He is more or less thinking aloud and philosophizing. He is talking about this philosophical problem, this conundrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could have used &lt;code&gt;pregunta&lt;/code&gt; in the translation, losing little meaning, but for Hamlet this is not actually &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; question&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; pregunta / &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; pregunta) but &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;THE&lt;/strong&gt; question&amp;quot; (&lt;strong&gt;LA&lt;/strong&gt; [gran] pregunta). Thus, it is more a conundrum and philosophical riddle than a question &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; (even a rhetorical question), and the translation favors the appropriate term &lt;code&gt;cuestión&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;pregunta&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;duda&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tema&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T11:12:03.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T20:33:35.670" Score="0" ViewCount="916" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que + subjuntivo (cuando tenemos duda) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Creo que hace calor aquí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No creo que haga calor aquí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't understand this sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que no hace calor aqui. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10938" LastEditorUserId="954" LastEditDate="2016-12-31T22:16:40.240" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T22:44:15.573" Title="Subjuntivos: no creo que + subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19201" CreationDate="2016-12-31T08:10:32.217" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last sentence is wrong and should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Creo que no haga calor aquí&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you can hear mother tongues using it, although it's grammatically incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="954" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T08:10:32.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-31T15:45:59.407" Score="8" ViewCount="25551" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RdqXU1H&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panchito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del dim. del n. p. &lt;em&gt;Pancho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. Semilla de cacahuete frita, generalmente con sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que la palabra se incorporó al Diccionario de la Lengua en 2001 como &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Cacahuete pelado y frito.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y, consultando el CREA, parece utilizarse únicamente en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de esta denominación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T20:09:40.583" Title="¿Por qué se denomina &quot;panchitos&quot; a las semillas de cacahuete fritas?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19206" CreationDate="2016-12-31T18:31:28.837" Score="1" ViewCount="780" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra para referirse a la persona que hace apología de algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-01-01T23:47:49.393" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T11:06:06.707" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra para referirse al que hace apología?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19138" CreationDate="2016-12-31T18:35:41.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tradicionalmente la sorpresita solía ser la figurita de un bebé.  La razón es clara: la rosca de reyes celebra la visita de los Reyes Magos al niño Jesús (Mateo 2), y la figurita del bebé representa al bebé Jesús.  Quizas el reemplazo de la figurita de bebé con otras figuras u otras cosas (como los billetes de euro) sea un signo del reemplazo de la Cristianidad en la cultura hispanohablante por el secularismo; o quizas sea un signo de la popularidad de &quot;Santa Claus&quot;, que ciertamente está reemplazando a los Reyes Magos como proveedor de juguetes (en el 25 de diciembre en lugar del 6 de enero).  La &quot;sorpresa&quot; no tiene un nombre general.  El nombre tradicional que se le da a la figura del bebé es &quot;Niño Jesús&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis memorias de mi niñez en México me indican que la persona que encontrara al bebé Jesús tenía la responsabilidad de hacer la siguiente fiesta en el Día de la candelaria (el 2 de febrero) --- 40 dias despues de la Navidad --- cuándo se celebra la presentación del ninõ Jesús en el templo (y la purificación de la Virgen María).  Quizas por esta razón se empezó a pensar que era mala suerte encontrar al bebé Jesús --- ¿quién tiene tiempo o dinero para planear una fiesta estos días? --- y quizas también por esta razón se empezaron a poner dos &quot;regalitos&quot; en la rosca --- ¿quién quiere decir que el Niño Dios es &quot;mala suerte&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastEditorUserId="2924" LastEditDate="2017-01-01T17:02:07.837" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T17:02:07.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19204" CreationDate="2016-12-31T18:54:50.193" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como comenta Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/apologeta-apologista/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apologeta y apologista, uso adecuado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apologeta&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;apologista&lt;/strong&gt; se emplean hoy con el mismo sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas desaconsejaba el uso indistinto de apologista y apologeta con el significado de ‘que hace apología o defensa de algo’, la vigesimotercera edición del Diccionario académico ya incluye, sin censurarla, esta acepción para el segundo término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T11:06:06.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19238" CreationDate="2016-12-31T19:19:04.137" Score="2" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existe alguna palabra o expresión breve es español que se refiera al acto de hacer algo que no es habitual o costumbre? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tomásemos la palabra &quot;contracostumbre&quot; como opción válida, ejemplos de su uso serían: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) A contracostumbre se levantó aquel día a las nueve de la mañana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Decidió a contracostumbre que no quería café. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14592" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T17:10:23.777" Title="Palabra o expresión que se refiera a hacer algo en oposición a una costumbre" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19207" CreationDate="2016-12-31T22:32:53.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7LgFNrQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capricho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Determinación que se toma arbitrariamente, inspirada por un antojo, por humor o por deleite en lo extravagante y original.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, tus ejemplos quedarían así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Caprichosamente, se levantó aquel día a las nueve de la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Decidió por puro capricho que no quería café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez no sea exactamente lo que buscas, pero es lo más cercano que se me ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Feliz año nuevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T22:32:53.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19201" CreationDate="2016-12-31T22:44:15.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All that matters is whether the main clause is one of belief or non-belief. So a negative belief requires a subjunctive in the subordinate clause, no matter whether the subordinate clause is itself positively or negatively expressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que hace demasiado calor aquí. No me gusta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo que no hace demasiado calor aquí. Está bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que haga demasiado calor aquí. Está bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que no haga demasiado calor aquí, sino que sí lo hace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(But avoid that last one if possible, as it is potentially confusing.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the mode of the subordinate clause has nothing to do with its own positivity or negativity. That said, there are scenarios that admit both, and you can tell by which one the speaker selects how certain they are of the matter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Crees que viene? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Crees que venga?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second, the speaker is expressing their own lack of confidence in the questioned outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;dudar&lt;/em&gt; works mostly opposite of &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; in its choice of mode, taking now the subjunctive in the positive but (sometimes) the indicative in the negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo que haga calor aquí. Está bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No dudo que hace calor aquí. Me va a matar si no tomo algo ahora mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with &lt;em&gt;dudar&lt;/em&gt; there &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; an increased tendency to use the subjunctive even when &lt;em&gt;dudar&lt;/em&gt; is itself negated. To not do so, as I have just done above, means that the speaker is quite sure that there can be no doubt that this is certainly fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T22:44:15.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-31T23:00:21.777" Score="8" ViewCount="389" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are times in Spanish when a linking verb agrees in number not with its subject but with its predicate complement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo mejor de la televisión &lt;strong&gt;son los avisos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La mejor televisión &lt;strong&gt;son los avisos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi mejor amigo &lt;strong&gt;eres tú&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis mejores amigas &lt;strong&gt;sois vosotras&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Esto &lt;strong&gt;son rebajas&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso &lt;strong&gt;son los amigos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn’t always work this way, but when it does, this stands out notably from how concord works in English, where the verb invariably agrees with the subject alone, no matter the number of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is really just one question, but here are my thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there a formal rule about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the fact that it more often seems to occur with neuter and indefinite subjects (&lt;em&gt;esto, eso, lo&lt;/em&gt;) have anything to do with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Given that many other examples of it &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; happening are easily produced, how can one predict whether this happens or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Examples&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few samples from searching (mostly) Google Books for instances of &lt;em&gt;soy yo&lt;/em&gt; for instances where there’s an earlier noun in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El más oscuro de los hombres [...] ese soy yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu rey soy yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los épicos, aquí el único mítico soy yo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un náufrago de mi propia alma soy yo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me importa un comino, el jefe soy yo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;SEE ALSO&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/q/4022/38&quot;&gt;This very similar question about “Isto são tres perguntas”&lt;/a&gt; (that is, “Esto son tres preguntas”) on our sister site for Portuguese Language. As far as I can tell, whatever grammar applies here is true of both Iberian languages. That suggests to me that it must have originated in a common ancestor. There’s some evidence that it occurs in Italian. I haven’t yet found anything like it in French, but it is also possible that French lost it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:41:09.073" Title="Agreeing with the complement not the subject: esto son, eso son, lo mejor son" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-01T02:45:23.643" Score="2" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Feliz año nuevo a todos!  Mientras espero la cuenta atras,  escucho la canción clasica de Mecano &quot;Un Año Más&quot;, donde en un verso cantan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Y decimos adios y pedimos a dios que en el año que viene a ver si en vez de un millon, pueden ser dos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A que se refiere el millon y el dos?  La cancion falta contexto suficiente como para especificar algo concreto.  ¿Alguien me la puede explicar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T14:36:06.953" Title="¿A que se refiere &quot;en vez de un millon pueden ser dos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-01T03:29:43.917" Score="0" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying to understand how the subjunctive in English and Spanish differ. All of the examples in Spanish that I've come across in introductory examples have the subjunctive conjugations occurring in the dependent clause of the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this part of how Spanish uses the subjunctive? That is, does it occur primarily in dependent clauses? If so, why and why is this not true for English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8294" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T11:58:41.600" Title="Is the subjunctive mood primarily used in dependent clauses?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19213" CreationDate="2017-01-01T11:58:41.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer—yes, the subjunctive mood is primarily used in subordinated clauses. From &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?subjuntivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias.dechile.net&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is so called by Latin grammarians because it's a mood preferentially used in subordinated clauses, hence why &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;subordinated&quot;, conjoined to another verb through a relationship of dependence. But this is not necessarily so, since one may find a subjunctive verb in a main clause or an indicative verb in a subordinated clause. In the present moment the subjunctive mood is defined as the mood that introduces the speaker's subjectivity in the uttering of an action. As opposed to the indicative mood, which expresses the objectivity and the reality of an action, the subjunctive introduces the nuances of potentiality, possibility or irreality in an action referred to the past, present, or future, specified by the subordinating links and main verbs used, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Possible wishes: &quot;Que &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt; pronto la lluvia&quot;. &quot;Quiero que venga&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Impossibile wishes: &quot;Ojalá &lt;em&gt;hubiera venido&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Potential hypotheses: &quot;Si &lt;em&gt;viniera&lt;/em&gt; Juan lo pasaríamos muy bien&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Impossible hypotheses: &quot;Si &lt;em&gt;hubiera habido&lt;/em&gt; sol, habríamos tenido calor&quot;, &quot;si &lt;em&gt;lloviera&lt;/em&gt; estaríamos más frescos&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Doubts, indirect questions, orders, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;And any other situation where the action expressed is a subjective assessment or is subject to eventualities, the potentiality of the facts or the imagination of the speaker (&quot;habla como si &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt; su padre&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Written by Helena, pseudonym for Elena Pingarrón Seco, and translated by myself.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;the-subjunctive-mood-is-used-in-subordinated-clauses&quot; should only be taken as a rule of thumb, since there are numerous counterexamples. Rarely will you find the subjunctive mood in a main clause, two notable exceptions being sentences introduced by &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; and the use of the subjunctive mood to make a formal request instead of the conditional tense. A key point is that even though the subjunctive mood usually expresses subjectivity or doubt, the indicative mood may be used too when subjectivity or doubt are present. For more information, I recommend checking out the tag &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what ways the subjunctive mood is used in English isn't within the scope of this site. As far as I know, besides I wish...- and if-clauses the subjunctive mood is almost obsolete in English, especially the present subjunctive (&quot;I recommend you &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt;...). Either way, the subjunctive mood is far more frequent and far more complex in Spanish, both in inflection and usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T11:58:41.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19212" CreationDate="2017-01-01T12:43:28.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he pensado que se refería al dinero ganado durante el año, que a ver si al año siguiente puede ganar dos (millones de pesetas) en vez de un millón (de pesetas). Un sueldo normal en España en 1988, el año en que se publicó la canción, se situaba entre el millón y los dos millones de pesetas al año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, la expresión puede dar lugar a interpretaciones. Igual podría referirse a que al año siguiente Mecano podría vender dos (millones de copias de sus discos) en vez de un millón. Esta teoría se podría apoyar en el hecho de que el anterior disco de Mecano, &lt;em&gt;Entre el cielo y el suelo&lt;/em&gt;, fue &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/especiales/2016/mecano/1986-entre-el-cielo-y-el-suelo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el primer álbum español en superar el millón de copias vendidas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-01T14:36:06.953" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T14:36:06.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19221" CreationDate="2017-01-01T19:31:44.557" Score="4" ViewCount="871" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi padre tiene una novia cuyo nombre completo es «Kristen Treviño».  «Kristen» es su nombre de pila, que proviene de sus padres estadunidenses y no hispanohablantes, y «Treviño» es su único apellido, que ella asumió al casarse con su ex marido mexicano pero que guardó aún después del divorcio, ya que lo comparte con su hija.  Por supuesto, en todos los países hispanohablantes, este apellido se escribe con eñe y no con ene.  Kristen, en cambio, rechaza usar la tilde.  La pregunté por qué, y me informó que ella «se casó con la cultura española, la divorció, y no le cae bien».  Claro, ese comentario me fastidió mucho por varias razones, pero mi pregunta hoy es: ¿es o no correcto escribir «Treviño» con ene en lugar de eñe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My father has a girlfriend whose full name is “Kristen Treviño.”  “Kristen” is her given name, which comes from her American parents, and “Treviño” is her only family name, which she adopted upon marrying her Mexican ex-husband but that she kept even after the divorce since she shares it with her daughter.  Of course, in all Spanish-speaking countries, this name is written with the letter &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; and not with the letter &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;.  Kristen, on the other hand, refuses to use the tilde.  I asked her why, and she informed me that “she married the Spanish culture, she divorced it, and that she does not like it.”  Obviously, I took many issues with that comment, but my question today is this: is it or is it not correct to write “Treviño” as “Treviño”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T04:53:33.070" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T04:53:33.070" Title="Tildes en apellidos en EEUU / Diacritics with names US" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19155" CreationDate="2017-01-01T23:48:06.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que esta es una pregunta interesante, vamos por partes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo dio un cambio tan brusco la expresión, sin que convivieran ambas acepciones siquiera durante un tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es poco probable que la acepción de una palabra cambie de manera tan radical de una edición del diccionario a la siguiente. La razón por la cual ocurre el cambio sería precisamente para aclarar la interpretación que algo &amp;quot;corriente&amp;quot; es opuesto a algo de &amp;quot;estilo&amp;quot;, comparando las definiciones se nota que de una edición a la otra se procura dar más precisión y claridad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las entradas anteriores sólo muestran &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;fr.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, aludiendo que es una frase, mientras que la siguiente entrada especifica &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;fr. fig. y fam.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, esclareciendo que es una frase figurativa y familiar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las últimas dos entradas aluden a &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;una cosa&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; en la frase a definir, resultando en un cambio de estilo que culmina con una sensación de desface entre la primera y última acepción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El estilo de la entrada también cambia para ser más explícito, de continuar con el mismo estilo, la definición solamente sería &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Ser evidente y obvia&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. En cambio, la entrada intenta dejar fuera cualquier ambigüedad al incluir la aclaración &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estar fuera de toda duda o discusión&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que aparecieran connotaciones tanto de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;corriente&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estilo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; que causaran la confusión que se expresa en la pregunta. &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Corriente&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; inicialmente sólo implicaba ser &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;habitual&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;común&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; para posteriormente expresar algo &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;carente de clase&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5Ns9tE%7Cc5O7ZCI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulgar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), esa connotación se contrapone con &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estilo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; que implicaría lo opuesto, volviendo la definición paradójica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Estilo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, por su parte, puede verse el uso que originalmente se le otorgaba al observar la definición de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estilar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gs06BsB%7CGs0XLqT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De estilo.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Usar, tener por costumbre, practicar. Se disfrazó según estilaban los romanos. U. t. c. tr. Acamparán como estilan hacerlo los indígenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estilo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; en, este caso, sería equivalente de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;acostumbrar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente aclaración (&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;estar fuera de toda duda o discusión&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) apoya esta teoría, ya que, al agregarse, se evitaría un problema similar en caso de nuevas connotaciones afectaran las palabras usadas para definir la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, si se observa que las acepciones anteriores pueden verse como &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;cosa habitual (común) y que se acostumbra (estila)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; se puede observar que no se encuentran tan lejos de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;[cosa] evidente, obvia&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, dado que cosas que son habituales se dan por sentadas, se vuelven evidentes y obvias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tiene que ver el significado anterior con el actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de la conclusión mostrada en la parte superior, el significado procuraría ser el mismo, el cambio es en la manera de presentarlo para evitar confusión y que la acepción sea &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;evidente, obvia&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se sigue utilizando el significado antiguo hoy día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera, si se consideran los dos puntos previos, el significado utilizado continuaría siendo igual por lo que se seguría utilizando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, la frase &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;ser de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; se ha vuelto, irónicamente, en &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;una frase de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;frases de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; son aquellas que se repiten tanto que tienden a tornarse &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/clich%C3%A9.1012024/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trilladas&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9SlqXDz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clichés&lt;/a&gt;. El que sean tan comunes, corrientes, evidentes y obvias muestran la poca creatividad de la persona que las esgrime, al punto que hay individuos que las repiten como loros, sin saber su significado real (Cosa que no me agradaría hacer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas connotaciones las encontré al validar la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15838/whats-the-spanish-expression-for-boilerplate-code?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;respuesta a la que se refiere esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, incluyendo otros significados asociados con la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con relación a la respuesta vinculada, generalmente procuro realizar una investigación antes de responder para así cotejar lo que considero es adecuado contra usos documentados de una traducción, frase o impresión. Claro que existen sus excepciones, como la de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19064/understanding-a-cartoon/19065#19065&quot;&gt;explicar una caricatura&lt;/a&gt;, y en algunos no he incluído todos los vínculos de referencia como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19083/how-to-say-because-in-spanish/19084#19084&quot;&gt;cómo decir &amp;quot;porque sí&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; y, en cierta medida, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19044/c%C3%B3mo-se-podr%C3%ADa-aplicar-el-concepto-de-inclusividad-en-espa%C3%B1ol/19069#19069&quot;&gt;cómo aplicar el concepto de inclusividad en Español&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo considero más importante el dar una respuesta con un cierto nivel de &amp;quot;bibliografia electrónica&amp;quot; que el dar una respuesta rápida, por lo que generalmente no soy el primero en responder (Exceptuando &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19058/translating-trapline/19059#19059&quot;&gt;cómo traducir línea de trampas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19083/how-to-say-because-in-spanish/19084#19084&quot;&gt;cómo decir &amp;quot;porque sí&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, entre otras). Esto también causa que mis respuestas se tarden más, por lo que me duele cuando pierdo mis borradores (como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15838/whats-the-spanish-expression-for-boilerplate-code?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;la respuesta referida&lt;/a&gt;) y que no responda otras preguntas para las cuales no me siento calificado o no he encontrado suficiente evidencia que avale lo que tengo en mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso en particular de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;boilerplate code&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, la frase de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;código de cajón&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; la he escuchado y visto al ejercer mi profesión. Al notar que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15838/whats-the-spanish-expression-for-boilerplate-code/15846#15846&quot;&gt;la respuesta aceptada&lt;/a&gt; difunde el uso de un término distinto que puede causar confusión al realizar traducciones decidí añadir la respuesta (Dado que yo no voto negativamente). Lo que menos deseo es que se propague un término erróneo, por lo que si alguien considera que la traducción no es adecuada, agradecería que me lo hiciera saber con un comentario sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15838/whats-the-spanish-expression-for-boilerplate-code?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;respuesta en cuestión&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T23:48:06.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15058" CreationDate="2017-01-02T00:06:54.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy español y solo te puedo hablar del español usado en mi país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;portarse&quot;, sin complemento directo, es bastante usado, aunque como bien habéis indicado, pertenece al registro coloquial. Por eso, no se entiende en todos los países hispanohablantes, como demuestra el comentario de Rodrigo. En cambio, la expresión &quot;portarse bien&quot; es más precisa y elaborada. Es muy usada y no es coloquial, aunque tampoco pertenece al registro literario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11477" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T00:06:54.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19218" CreationDate="2017-01-02T10:33:32.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existe una regla que te obligue a escribir nombre y apellidos de una manera determinada, se escriben como son, nada más. Si el apellido es con eñe, se escribe con eñe, y si es con ene, con ene.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mi primer apellido, por ejemplo, es &lt;strong&gt;Sáez&lt;/strong&gt;. De este apellido existen muchas variaciones, por ejemplo Sáenz y Sáinz. Son variaciones que existen, no son incorrectas y yo he conocido a gente con esos apellidos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La cuestión es que, aunque yo haya utilizado la palabra &quot;variaciones&quot; para describirlos, realmente no son variaciones, son &lt;strong&gt;apellidos distintos&lt;/strong&gt;. Lo mismo se puede decir de nombres como Alberto, Roberto, Norberto, Adalberto; son todos nombres distintos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por eso no hay una regla que especifique cómo tienes que escribir tu apellido o tu nombre, por que los hay de todos los colores. Lo mismo pasaría aquí con las personas que tienen ascendencia de otros países y por tanto tienen apellidos extranjeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las cuestiones personales que explicas, no me voy a meter en ellas, aunque tenga mi opinión, porque este no es el sitio. Que la señora quiera escribir su apellido de otra forma y las razones que tenga para ello, no son nada que debiera discutirse en una página de preguntas y respuestas sobre el idioma castellano.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hay algo que sí viene al caso y sí me gustaría decirte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En mi opinión, el idioma no debería tratarse como una barrera que delimite y coarte lo que quieran hacer las personas, el idioma es un medio para expresar lo que quieres y que los demás lo entiendan, es una forma de comunicarse, no un conjunto de reglas hechas para joder o coartar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por tanto: es su apellido, que la señora lo escriba como le dé la gana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aparte de los posibles problemas porque los apellidos no concuerden en el papeleo legal, no veo el problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T14:19:05.100" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T14:19:05.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19211" CreationDate="2017-01-02T13:28:44.453" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer is easy: what you think is the predicate is in fact the subject. The sentences are just inverted. If you turn them over, you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los avisos son lo mejor de la televisión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los avisos son la mejor televisión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú eres mi mejor amigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vosotras sois mis mejores amigas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Las rebajas son esto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los amigos son eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way is easier to see that the proper agreement has always been there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T13:28:44.453" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19198" CreationDate="2017-01-02T19:40:04.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form is the first one &quot;Cuando vaya a...&quot;.The second is quite strange. If you explain better the rule you are trying to apply ((Cuando + Subjuntivo + Futuro) we can explain it better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14600" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T19:40:04.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19198" CreationDate="2017-01-02T19:42:46.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La correcta es la primera frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede que tenga frío cuando vaya a Kashmir en invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el principio de la frase está mal dicha, si lo que quieres decir es: &lt;em&gt;&quot;It may be cold&quot;&lt;/em&gt; debes decir: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Puede que esté frio&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero puede significar tú o yo, te explico. Si quieres referirte a otra persona debes decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede que esté frío cuando usted vaya a Kashmir en invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede que esté frío cuando tú vayas a Kashmir en invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O si quieres referirte a ti mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede que esté frío cuando yo vaya a Kashmir en invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14601" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T11:17:54.407" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T11:17:54.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19161" CreationDate="2017-01-02T19:53:17.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Objetivo alto, grande, lejano e inalcanzable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero creo que lo de inalcanzable no lo vas a querer decir ya que lo que quieres es que se cumpla y se vea posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14601" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T19:53:17.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18990" CreationDate="2017-01-02T23:17:21.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;&quot;en&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; no require estrictamente la concordancia de número. El que se use en plural recae principalmente en el hecho de que &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pajamas/pyjamas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; se usa en plural en inglés (ver comentarios de @mdewey y @blonfu). Por otro lado, en general, el atuendo se compone de dos piezas; por lo cual su uso en plural está justificado (además, en el norte de México es raro que se use en singular aún cuando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=pijama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;prohibe&lt;/em&gt; su uso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfocándonos en la preposición &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, existen muchos usos en los cuales, la forma correcta es el plural. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi hermana salió &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; huaraches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El acróbata camina &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; zancos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi hermano se metió &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; problemas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la lista anterior evité los posibles usos donde hay concordancia; aunque no necesariamente una correspondencia biunívoca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis hermanas salieron &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; huaraches.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los acróbatas caminan &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; zancos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis hermanos están &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; problemas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, la discordancia puede ser a la inversa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mis hermanas salieron &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; automóvil.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Todos salieron &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; chaqueta de cuero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pollitos &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; fuga (traducción al español en Latinoamérica del título de la película Chicken Run)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T17:46:12.327" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T17:46:12.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19230" CreationDate="2017-01-03T09:31:22.207" Score="5" ViewCount="1193" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5208/1674&quot;&gt;Name Suffixes “Sr” (Senior) and “Jr” (Junior) in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; se preguntó por los sufijos usados en castellano para el Senior y Junior inglés. La respuesta aceptada indica &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;hijo&lt;/em&gt; como mejores opciones, cosa que me parece bastante coherente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los nombres estadounidenses también es común encontrar nombres del tipo Mr. John Doe, III. Hay un montón (por ejemplo, en FilmAffinity encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filmaffinity.com/es/advsearch.php?stext=iii&amp;amp;stype%5B%5D=cast&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;238 películas con algún actor con &lt;em&gt;III&lt;/em&gt; en su nombre&lt;/a&gt;: Walter Hendrix III, Tirso Cruz III, Otávio III...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué opción os parece mejor para su equivalente en castellano? Siguiendo con lo indicado en la respuesta referenciada, &lt;em&gt;nieto&lt;/em&gt; parecería lo más adecuado. Sin embargo, no recuerdo haber encontrado nunca en España esta terminación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún consenso al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-07-11T22:53:11.903" Title="¿Hay algún equivalente al &quot;III&quot; del &quot;John Doe, III&quot; inglés para nombres en castellano?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19229" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24258" CreationDate="2017-01-03T15:04:32.393" Score="10" ViewCount="1026" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puede traducirse al español &amp;quot;camel case&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CamelCase es un estilo de escritura que se aplica a frases o palabras compuestas.El nombre se debe a que las mayúsculas a lo largo de una palabra en CamelCase se asemejan a las jorobas de un camello. El nombre CamelCase &lt;strong&gt;se podría traducir como Mayúsculas/Minúsculas Camello&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Fuente : &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/CamelCase&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia: CamelCase&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí la verdad es que la propuesta de &amp;quot;Mayúsculas/Minúsculas Camello&amp;quot; no me gusta nada. Preferiría algo más como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;notación&lt;/strong&gt; camello&amp;quot; o algo mejor. Actualmente el término aceptado en la industria es el anglicismo. Un ejemplo de Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los hashtags no distinguen entre mayúsculas y minúsculas, pero a menudo se emplea el llamado &lt;em&gt;CamelCase&lt;/em&gt; (o uso de mayúsculas en una posición distinta de la inicial) para mejorar la legibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Fuente :  &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashtag&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia: Hashtag&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el uso de la escritura &lt;em&gt;camelcase&lt;/em&gt; se esta haciendo popular debido a las nuevas tecnologias (más allá del ámbito de la programación, como se ve en en ejemplo de Twiter y los Hashtag), quizá sería interesante encontrar un término para este anglicismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T12:06:06.730" Title="¿Cómo puede traducirse al español &quot;camel case&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19228" CreationDate="2017-01-03T16:00:19.980" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la razón por la que no hay una equivalencia es la diferente forma de tratar los nombres en ambas culturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo anglosajón si tres generaciones de hombres tienen el mismo nombre es necesario establecer una distinción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Grandpa) John Doe&#xA;(Father)  John Doe&#xA;(Son)     John Doe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en las mujeres no es necesario, ya que pierden su apellido al casarse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Grandma)  Jane Doe   --&amp;gt; Jane Brown&#xA;(Mother)   Jane Brown --&amp;gt; Jane Smith&#xA;(Daughter) Jane Smith --&amp;gt; Jane Jordan&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo hispano no es necesario añadir nada para distinguir a las personas porque &lt;strong&gt;es muy improbable (aunque no imposible) que se produzca una situación en la que tanto el nombre como los 2 apellidos coincidan entre diferentes generaciones (*).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto en hombres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Abuelo) Juan Pérez López&#xA;(Padre)  Juan Pérez Aguilar&#xA;(Hijo)   Juan Pérez Martín&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en mujeres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Abuela) María Pérez López &#xA;(Madre)  María Aguilar Pérez&#xA;(Hija)   María Martín Aguilar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Las reglas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cada persona tiene dos apellidos: el primero del padre y el segundo de la madre. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las mujeres mantienen su apellido original durante toda la vida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T16:25:46.687" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T16:25:46.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19257" CreationDate="2017-01-03T19:23:19.107" Score="0" ViewCount="2531" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The poison spread out all over her body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El veneno .... por todo su cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T08:51:01.960" Title="How do you say &quot;spread&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;se&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T11:10:27.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10355" CreationDate="2017-01-03T20:27:23.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Adjuntar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, como en el caso de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ofertar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, llama mi atención constantemente. El DRAE incluye ambas, ciertamente, aun cuando la misma academia las ha calificado de barbarismos en ediciones anteriores. Su uso es más bien moderno (recibió mucha popularidad en el siglo XX). Muchos escritores se han pronunciado en contra de su uso (un ejemplo es: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiile.org.ar/uploadsarchivos/_1917__notas_al_castellano_s4.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Notas al castellano en la Argentina&lt;/a&gt;. Una búsqueda en Ngram o CORDE les dará muchas referencias).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lo particular, yo evito las locuciones a toda costa porque aprendí el español cuando las palabras eran aun reprimidas. No es mi intención iniciar una discusión sobre si el uso es correcto o no sino poner el tema en contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Adjuntar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; posee la raíz &lt;strong&gt;&quot;juntar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (nótese que el prefijo &lt;strong&gt;&quot;ad-&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; ya, por si mismo significa &lt;strong&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hacia&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;). Pero, en la actualidad, también es usada como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;incluir&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Dependiendo del significado la preposición es distinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los datos que hacen falta están incluidos &lt;strong&gt;&quot;en&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; el email&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puse los datos en el email junto &lt;strong&gt;&quot;con&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; el análisis preliminar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0llxZ7h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; no es de mucha ayuda debido a que solo captura la acepción &lt;strong&gt;&quot;juntar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y no &lt;strong&gt;&quot;incluir&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Si nos apegásemos estrictamente a la definición, sería posible &lt;strong&gt;&quot;con&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; pero no &lt;strong&gt;&quot;en&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que la controversia está abierta en torno a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Adjuntar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Quizá, en el futuro la RAE incluya la acepción &lt;strong&gt;&quot;incluir&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en el futuro o se pronuncie al respecto en DPD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T20:27:23.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18715" CreationDate="2017-01-04T02:33:41.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few things to take in account when closing a letter to a loved one. So, let's get started on what you would need in order to get the closing statement closest to what you desire to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the use of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; versus &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; which has previously been discussed in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4940/13575&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt;. In short, the difference in this case would be of familiarity: &lt;strong&gt;Suyo&lt;/strong&gt; is more respectful and formal, while &lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt; is more familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, when you address a loved one you do it in an informal manner, which would tip the scales in favor of using &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;; however, there are cases where you still address a loved one (such as a parent or a grandparent) with respect, in which case it would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that some spouses refer to their partners respectfully, specially in cultures where arranged marriages are a norm. So, as a rule of thumb, if you would refer to your loved one as &quot;&lt;em&gt;sir&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;madam&lt;/em&gt;&quot; use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, if you wouldn't, use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This takes us to the second aspect to address: After deciding to use either &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, you might need to modify it to match your gender. If you are a male, you don't need to make any modifications, if you are a female, you would use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suy&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuy&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final part would be what you intend to convey with your closing statement. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Yours&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would be simple, where you either use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;suy&lt;em&gt;o/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tuy&lt;em&gt;o/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, while &quot;&lt;em&gt;Only yours&lt;/em&gt;&quot; might imply &quot;&lt;em&gt;Exclusively yours&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your intention is to express &quot;&lt;em&gt;Only yours&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, the easiest way to translate it would be: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo suy&lt;em&gt;o/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo tuy&lt;em&gt;o/a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This phrase would give you the most literal translation possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you want to imply &quot;&lt;em&gt;Exclusively yours&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or you want to be a little more creative, here are a few choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Only yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exclusivamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Exclusively yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Únicamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Uniquely yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enteramente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Entirely yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Completamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Completely yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Absolutamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Absolutely yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indudablemente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Undoubtedly yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apasionadamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Passionately yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eternamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Eternally yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sincereamente (&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;)uy(&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Sincerely yours&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you were a female and informal, you would use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Solamente &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;uy&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but if you were a male and formal you would use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Solamente &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;uy&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T02:33:41.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18715" CreationDate="2017-01-04T02:47:13.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt;) but &lt;strong&gt;suyo&lt;/strong&gt; is more formal than &lt;strong&gt;tuyo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T02:47:13.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19231" CreationDate="2017-01-04T02:53:16.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is a idiom that have a lot of synonyms so you can use &lt;strong&gt;se (propagó/difundió/diseminó/extendió/esparció)&lt;/strong&gt; all these will be well with you phrase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El veneno se (propagó/difundió/diseminó/extendió/esparció) por todo su cuerpo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you are thinking why use &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; before the verb &lt;strong&gt;(se extendió)&lt;/strong&gt;. This word in this case is a reflexive pronoun This meaning that the word suggest the action is do itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastEditorUserId="14472" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T03:10:58.443" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T03:10:58.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19207" CreationDate="2017-01-04T03:15:05.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay otras opciones que se usan habitualmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera es algo que no es habitual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LbPdD8c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inhabitual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que no es habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda es algo que no se acostumbra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CLfIx6H%7CCLgrSYM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desacostumbrado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuera del uso y orden común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera es un sinómimo de la anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M1Dt72l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inusitado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No usado, desacostumbrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuarta es otro sinónimo de la segunda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lll9Gzg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Insólito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Raro, extraño, desacostumbrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La quinta, igual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DWqpI82%7CDWr3EEv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desusado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desacostumbrado, poco o nada habitual. &lt;em&gt;Lleva ropa de una calidad desusada en él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente, una palabra que expresa lo mismo pero no aparece definida explícitamente como un sinónimo de la segunda opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HP5RXLV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Extraordinario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuera del orden o regla natural o común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos quedarían de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Inhabitualmente&lt;/strong&gt;, se levantó aquel día a las nueve de la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Decidió &lt;strong&gt;inusitadamente&lt;/strong&gt; que no quería café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con otras opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Desacostumbradamente&lt;/strong&gt;, se levantó aquel día a las nueve de la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Decidió, &lt;strong&gt;de manera insólita&lt;/strong&gt;, que no quería café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se utilizan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LC5NAbZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inaudito&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2jMTAIo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ánomalo&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LZ9zw9I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;infrecuente&lt;/a&gt;, pero se alejan más de la intención original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T17:10:23.777" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T17:10:23.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19149" CreationDate="2017-01-04T03:26:21.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión dar plomo era y es bastante común en varios países de habla hispana. Su origen es producto de que las primeras armas de mano contenían proyectiles de este material Plomo Pb. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disparale una bala de plomo &#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Disparale un plomo&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Dale plomo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acá proviene su uso. Y en la actualidad en los ambientes informales sigue siendo muy usada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T03:26:21.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19143" CreationDate="2017-01-04T03:31:23.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can but take in account &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; are informal and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is the formal version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is the same, so you can replace &lt;strong&gt;tú/usted/vos&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T08:57:31.013" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T08:57:31.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19099" CreationDate="2017-01-04T03:40:42.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use all these phrases in the espefic context of your phrase.&#xA;An action in the past that not happen but you like it would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hubiera gustado ir&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Me hubiese gustado ir&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Yo habria gustado de ir&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Yo hubiera gustado de ir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T03:40:42.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19086" CreationDate="2017-01-04T03:48:07.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre que te refieras a días debes usar &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;. En el español no tiene sentido hacer referencia a que estés &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt; un dia. &lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt; es para indicar que &quot;estás dentro de&quot;. En español no puedes estar dentro de días pero sí dentro de rangos de días. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos vemos el lunes.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Nos vemos el día 2.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Nos vemos en el fin de semana.&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;Nos vemos en Enero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14472" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T12:16:25.067" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T12:16:25.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19176" CreationDate="2017-01-04T05:48:53.507" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common discussion in software development when a Spanish translation effort is underway, which is why I will provide my two cents in English, despite the original poster's native language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it a bad translation to consider a product feature a &quot;&lt;em&gt;característica de producto&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before beginning to address the use of &quot;&lt;em&gt;característica&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, please notice that proper Spanish would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Característica &lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt; producto (&lt;em&gt;feature of &lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; product&lt;/em&gt; - A specific product previously referred)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Característica &lt;strong&gt;de un&lt;/strong&gt; producto (&lt;em&gt;feature of &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; product&lt;/em&gt; - A general product)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Característica de &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;feature of product &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - A named product or brand)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you just used &quot;&lt;em&gt;producto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as a placeholder for a product name, then it is a proper translation; however, if that was not the case, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; should be replaced for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;del&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de un&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, depending if you are referring to a particular product or a product in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that has been cleared up, let's answer the question:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;No, it is not a bad translation.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a matter of fact, take a look at the following article of Microsoft related to the features of a SharePoint publishing site in &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Features-enabled-in-a-SharePoint-Online-publishing-site-3ab3810c-3c2c-4361-9d0e-0cbe666ea0b0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English&lt;/a&gt; and then its translation in &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.office.com/es-es/article/Caracter%C3%ADsticas-habilitadas-en-un-sitio-de-publicaci%C3%B3n-de-SharePoint-Online-3ab3810c-3c2c-4361-9d0e-0cbe666ea0b0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish&lt;/a&gt;. You will notice Microsoft translates &quot;&lt;em&gt;features&lt;/em&gt;&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;características&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, I considered the translation to be odd and had the same misgivings your co-workers brought up. It also just didn't feel right. This made me think of alternatives to describe the functionality which was provided by a &quot;&lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of possible alternatives that I came up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rasgos (&lt;em&gt;Features&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilidades (&lt;em&gt;Benefits&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atributos (&lt;em&gt;Attributes&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aptitudes (&lt;em&gt;Features&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Aptitudes&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atribuciones (&lt;em&gt;Attributions&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disposiciones (&lt;em&gt;Features&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Aptitudes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Dispositions&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capacidades (&lt;em&gt;Capabilities&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comportamientos (&lt;em&gt;Behaviors&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aspectos (&lt;em&gt;Aspects&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Propiedades (&lt;em&gt;Properties&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Funcionalidades (&lt;em&gt;Sets of Functionality&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These options can also be paired with &quot;&lt;em&gt;funcional&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;functional&lt;/em&gt;) to make them more specific for software products:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rasgos funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilidades funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atributos funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aptitudes funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atribuciones funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disposiciones funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capacidades funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comportamientos funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aspectos funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Propiedades funcionales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding more tangible products: In the past, boxes would include a label that would list features of products as &quot;&lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which means &quot;&lt;em&gt;with&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;incluye&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which means &quot;&lt;em&gt;includes&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are options included in the past to label a list of features in a product's box:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cualidades (&lt;em&gt;Qualities&lt;/em&gt;, as mentioned by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/6915/rodrigo&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bondades (&lt;em&gt;Positive aspects&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;advantages&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ventajas (&lt;em&gt;Advantages&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beneficios (&lt;em&gt;Benefits&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T17:14:42.847" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19248" CreationDate="2017-01-04T09:01:27.703" Score="0" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se refiere este proverbio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo dueña y vos doncella, ¿quién barrerá la casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11251" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T09:04:58.270" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:03:44.540" Title="¿Qué significa este proverbio? &quot;Yo dueña y vos doncella, ¿quién barrerá la casa?&quot;" Tags="&lt;proverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="92" CreationDate="2017-01-04T09:36:21.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt; has an entry on &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=bYi3WMzhLx0AGW1JrUL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;padre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  adj. Mx. Bonito, bueno, estupendo. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  adv. Mx. Muy bien. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  adj. Gu. Muy grande, impresionante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So from what we see, &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;cool&lt;/em&gt; is just reported to be used in Mexico. From this we can assume that &lt;em&gt;qué padre&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;how cool&lt;/em&gt; is only prevalent in that country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also interesting to see how many different, regional meanings this word in expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;■&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    &lt;strong&gt;~ sin cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;. m. Ho, Ni, CR. Personaje mítico en forma de sacerdote sin cabeza, que se aparece a los vagos y borrachos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  □&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    &lt;strong&gt;el ~ de las mentiras&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. sust. Ho, Ni, Bo. El diablo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b. ǁ    &lt;strong&gt;~ Gatica&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. sust. Ch. Persona que no practica lo que recomienda. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ◪&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    &lt;strong&gt;no se oye, ~&lt;/strong&gt;. fr. prov. Gu, Ho, Ni, Bo, Ch. Indica que hay alguien, incluido el propio hablante, que finge no oír o se niega a escuchar lo que se está diciendo porque no le conviene o no le interesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T09:36:21.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19247" CreationDate="2017-01-04T10:00:24.737" Score="5" ViewCount="1293" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;instanciar&lt;/em&gt; parece que es &lt;a href=&quot;http://aberracionesespanglish.blogspot.com.es/2012/02/instanciar.html&quot;&gt;una de las aberraciones del spanglish&lt;/a&gt;. El artículo que enlazo explica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, proviene del latín “instantia”, que no se desarrolló de la misma manera en castellano (“instancia”) que en inglés (“instance” /’ɪnstəns/: “ejemplo”, “caso”). De esta última raíz surgió más adelante el verbo “to instantiate” que, teniendo en cuenta su origen, no debería traducirse nunca por “instanciar”, sino como “ejemplificar” o “ilustrar”. Lo mismo sería aplicable a “instanciación” (“ejemplo”, “ejemplificación”, “ilustración”). Del mismo modo, en castellano el verbo correspondiente al sustantivo “instancia” sería “instar” (o su sinónimo “solicitar”), nunca “instanciar”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, debemos asumir que en el mundo de la informática se usa de forma generalizada para designar la materialización de objetos definidos abstractamente: tenemos una clase general y cada una de sus materializaciones son una instancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero mi duda está en el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;instanciar&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cómo debe conjugarse? ¿Cuál de estas dos conjugaciones es correcta de la primera persona del singular en el presente del indicativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;instancio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;instancío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿debe usarse tilde como en otros verbos del tipo fiar, enviar (yo fío, yo envío) o del tipo anunciar, presenciar (yo anuncio, yo presencio)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T02:33:59.443" Title="¿Cómo se conjuga el verbo &quot;instanciar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19246" CreationDate="2017-01-04T12:11:42.423" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es complicado dar una respuesta totalmente correcta sobre un término que, como comentas, es una aberración spanglish y por tanto no está regulado.&#xA;Personalmente trato de no conjugarlo y uso &lt;em&gt;&quot;creo una instancia&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, he escuchado más &quot;yo instancio&quot; o &quot;tú instancias&quot; que &quot;instancío&quot; o &quot;instancías&quot;, pero esto puede ser algo local (en mi caso Barcelona, España) y puede que en otras regiones o países hispanohablantes sea distinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito para añadir el aporte de @Rafael en los comentarios de la pregunta: la conjugación de sustanciar puede ser el mejor ejemplo a seguir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14615" LastEditorUserId="14615" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T14:44:56.677" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:44:56.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19244" CreationDate="2017-01-04T13:49:18.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dueña&lt;/code&gt; es un término algo obsoleto para referirse a quien esta al cargo de otros: En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EEsL9LT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DRAE&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amo de la casa, respecto de sus criados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;code&gt;doncella&lt;/code&gt; viene a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E897H8U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser lo opuesto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Criada que sirve cerca de la señora, o que se ocupa en los menesteres domésticos ajenos a la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el refrán dice &quot;Yo soy el jefe y tú estás a mis órdenes. ¿Quién piensas que va a barrer la casa, tú o yo?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede leerse en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=jIcUAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA70&amp;amp;lpg=PA70&amp;amp;dq=Yo+due%C3%B1a+y+vos+doncella,+%C2%BFqui%C3%A9n+barrer%C3%A1+la+casa?&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=0ZrWIJftAr&amp;amp;sig=CkJzrKEQuMNkhgHdVO5LU1Wb5_o&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj27rCpz6jRAhWC7IMKHQaRCecQ6AEILjAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Yo%20due%C3%B1a%20y%20vos%20doncella%2C%20%C2%BFqui%C3%A9n%20barrer%C3%A1%20la%20casa%3F&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cada uno debe cumplir con las obligaciones de su estado [estatus] o ministerio, sin pretender cargarlas a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es parecido a otro refrán que dice que &quot;donde manda patrón no manda marinero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T14:03:44.540" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:03:44.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19229" CreationDate="2017-01-04T14:52:10.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que estamos ante uno de esos casos en los que la palabra inglesa ha arraigado tanto en el habla de los informáticos hispanohablantes que será muy complicado desterrarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A modo de ejemplo, en Stack Overflow en español encuentro 15 resultados de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/search?q=camelcase&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;camelcase&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por ninguno de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/search?q=notaci%C3%B3n%20camello&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;notación camello&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, encontré una interesante presentación llamada &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/margacabrera/escribir-en-internet-en-espaol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Escribir en español en los nuevos medios&lt;/a&gt; en SlideShare (ironías de la vida, un nombre en &lt;em&gt;camelcase&lt;/em&gt;). En la diapositiva número 35 la autora menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Utilizamos (CamelCase) &lt;strong&gt;SubiBaja&lt;/strong&gt;: #PresupuestosGenerales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la verdad es que me gusta el término: ¿intentamos potenciar su uso? Creo que es tan visual como &lt;em&gt;camel&lt;/em&gt; y ocupa el mismo número de caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T13:00:54.540" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:52:10.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11860" CreationDate="2017-01-04T19:38:34.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi me suena mejor 'tenia.' Tuvo es una accion del pasado y no suena bien en esta oracion. Contensta a la pregunta: Por que fue tu Mama a la tienda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14616" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T19:38:34.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19161" CreationDate="2017-01-04T21:15:57.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un concepto parecido que se usa en español de negocios, el cual tiene dos variaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disparar a la luna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tirar piedras a la luna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;&lt;em&gt;Disparar a la luna&lt;/em&gt;&quot; viene del libro &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/comunidad-valenciana/2016/03/03/56d88e6cca4741a9588b457d.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Dispara a la luna&quot; de Reyes Calderón&lt;/a&gt;. La autora, a su vez, utiliza una traducción de &quot;&lt;em&gt;Shoot for the moon&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que es un término en inglés para aspirar a ser mejor (pensar en grande). Es probable que el término origine de &lt;a href=&quot;https://innovacion.wordpress.com/2007/03/30/disparando-a-la-luna/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un cuento de Alejandro Jodorowsky&lt;/a&gt;, en la que un arquero &quot;&lt;em&gt;caza a la luna&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y aunque nunca logra llevar a cabo tal meta se torna en el mejor arquero del mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;&lt;em&gt;tirar piedras a la luna&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teregalomialegria.com/2013/10/piensa-en-grande-el-lanzador-de-piedras-a-la-luna/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una variante del cuento de Alejandro Jodorowsky&lt;/a&gt;, con un pastor que todas las noches arrojaba piedras a la luna y que se torna en el mejor lanzador de piedras de la comarca. &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/diario/2003/11/27/cvalenciana/1069964301_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El sentido es el mismo&lt;/a&gt;, pero la variación es clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayor diferencia con &quot;&lt;em&gt;BHAG&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es que la meta es imposible de alcanzar, pero el espíritu detrás de un objetivo &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;audaz&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;peliagudo&lt;/em&gt; se mantiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T21:23:11.633" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T21:23:11.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19253" CreationDate="2017-01-04T21:33:05.677" Score="1" ViewCount="3118" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;albañil&lt;/em&gt; parece similar a Albania, el país. ¿Es posible que ambas palabras estén relacionadas etimológicamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1V5zVWR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición en el DLE&lt;/a&gt; no dice nada sobre el origen de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1122" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T12:46:30.567" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T23:36:38.283" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;albañil&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19252" CreationDate="2017-01-04T22:23:18.727" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?alban.il&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al igual que muchas palabras que empieza por al-, la palabra albañil viene del árabe, al-banní­, pronunciación dialectal andalusí del árabe clásico البنّاء (al-bannāˀ) &quot;el constructor&quot; y este del verbo بنى (banā) &quot;construir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T09:14:47.883" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:14:47.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-04T23:32:35.067" Score="10" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any dialects of modern Spanish which preserve a phonemic distinction between b and v?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that by the 1600s it was largely gone from Castillian Spanish, but since some other Iberian languages preserve the distinction, it wouldn't be at all surprising to me if regional varieties of Spanish kept it for long enough to propagate that change to some Latin American dialects, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14618" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-15T03:14:04.747" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T12:10:16.993" Title="Are there any dialects of modern Spanish which preserve a phonemic distinction between b and v?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13625" CreationDate="2017-01-04T23:54:31.757" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto en América como en el sur de España se usa &quot;ustedes&quot; en lugar de &quot;vosotros&quot; en el habla coloquial. Sin embargo es un uso alternativo que da lugar a ambigüedades, que en textos como el Evangelio llegan a ser realmente inoportunas, sobre cuando se trata de citas. «Todavía tengo muchas cosas que decirles» (Juan 16:12): ¿a quién?, ¿a ustedes?, ¿a ellos?. Mucho mejor «Todavía tengo muchas cosas que deciros», en español genuino y claro. La riqueza de las variedades regionales no debe impedir el uso del registro culto de una de las lenguas más cultas de la humanidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14619" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T23:54:31.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19259" CreationDate="2017-01-05T02:07:48.520" Score="1" ViewCount="2181" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desafortunadamente&quot; is an 8 syllable word, that seems like a huge effort. Is it used often, like English &quot;unfortunately&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, in what situations would this word be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14620" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T09:27:43.627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T14:57:26.330" Title="When do people use &quot;desafortunadamente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19231" CreationDate="2017-01-05T02:26:42.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use a dictionary in order to translate &lt;code&gt;spread&lt;/code&gt;. I just &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=spread&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;used wordreference&lt;/a&gt; and got a couple of decent proposals, like &lt;em&gt;extenderse&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;difundirse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The different connotations between all these verbs (&lt;code&gt;extender&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;propagar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;difundir&lt;/code&gt;) could be another question or an important part for this question, but you can see how the dictionary/translator already suggests &lt;code&gt;propagar&lt;/code&gt; as the favored use with &amp;quot;illness&amp;quot; (since the connotation is &lt;em&gt;propagate&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;extend&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;display&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;smear&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p2jJd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p2jJd.png&quot; alt=&quot;spread translation here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most interesting part is that, as you know, the infinitive of a verb in Spanish ends with either -ar, -er or -ir, and that's it. Why then &amp;quot;extender&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;difundir&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well if we look more carefully at the definition provided by wordreference (or any other decent dictionary), we notice a small &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;prnl&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; near the verb. That means it is a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The defining characteristic of pronominal verbs is that their subjects are acting upon themselves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; More about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/pronominalverbs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronominal verbs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So pronominal verbs must be conjugated with a reflexive pronoun, like &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is trickier than that, because you see in the examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los animales infectados &lt;strong&gt;propagan&lt;/strong&gt; la enfermedad por todo el país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Propagate&lt;/code&gt; is not &lt;em&gt;pronominal&lt;/em&gt;, but is a transitive verb (A transitive verb is a verb that can take a &lt;em&gt;direct object&lt;/em&gt;. In other words, it is done to someone or something. In some cases the agent is the one that receives the action). In your case it is the illness what spreads &amp;quot;itself&amp;quot; all over someone's body. That is why it has that reflexive meaning. Thus, you need to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La enfermedad (o el veneno) &lt;strong&gt;se propagó&lt;/strong&gt; por todo su cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can recognize pronominal verbs by the reflexive pronoun &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; tacked on to the infinitive: &lt;em&gt;ducharse, ponerse, lavarse, quedarse&lt;/em&gt;, etc. I showed a couple uses of &lt;em&gt;propagar&lt;/em&gt;, with and without the &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;. I hope this doesn't add confusion. There is a lot that can be said about pronominal verbs but I just wanted to highlight why you would need to use it in this case, to refer to the poison spreading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T02:26:42.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19256" CreationDate="2017-01-05T02:32:41.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo regular, se usa para decir de una forma educada una mala noticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprecio tu oferta. &lt;em&gt;Desafortunadamente&lt;/em&gt;, no estoy interesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hago de su conocimiento que recibí su solicitud. &lt;em&gt;Desafortunadamente&lt;/em&gt;, usted no cumple con los requisitos mínimos que necesito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Si es una plática informal, podrías usar frases coloquiales como &amp;quot;ya valió&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;ya valiste&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:27:14.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19256" CreationDate="2017-01-05T02:47:07.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not that much of an effort. I don't think anyone shies away of using it due to its syllable count, since any synonyms are as much as lengthy as &lt;code&gt;desafortunadamente&lt;/code&gt;, like &lt;code&gt;desgraciadamente&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;desdichadamente&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;lamentablemente&lt;/code&gt;, etc. Shortest synonym I can think of is &lt;code&gt;tristemente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account that you are using an adverb, so it will have the &lt;code&gt;-mente&lt;/code&gt; suffix (there goes two syllables). And it will likely start with the prefix &lt;code&gt;des&lt;/code&gt; (same as in English &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt;fortunatelly and similar), although you could say &amp;quot;lamentablemente&amp;quot; which carries the same meaning but is not the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;opposition of an word&lt;/a&gt;, like afortunadamente / &lt;strong&gt;des&lt;/strong&gt;afortunadamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;des- (prefijo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Denota negación o inversión del significado de la palabra simple a la que va antepuesto. Desconfiar, deshacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Desafortunadamente&lt;/code&gt; is a word of &amp;quot;common use&amp;quot;, meaning that its use is neither archaic, pedantic, pretentious, obscure or the like. I ignore if it is more or less used than any of the aforementioned synonyms but let me tell you, shall that be the case it will be due to personal preference and not due to being a 8 syllable word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T02:47:07.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19229" CreationDate="2017-01-05T04:42:55.643" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Durante discusiones de informática he escuchado tanto &quot;&lt;em&gt;notación camello&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, como menciona &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://defensor.info:3000/challenges/declare-javascript-variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capitalización camello&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &quot;&lt;em&gt;notación camello&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es más común, he aquí unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://firebird21.wordpress.com/2013/10/03/la-notacion-camello/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La notación camello mencionada en Firebird en 2013&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javerosanonimos.com/2010/08/reglas-para-el-nombramiento-de-objetos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reglas para el nombramiento de objetos, variables y clases, en 2010&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=iXxI7pB8ntkC&amp;amp;pg=PA973&amp;amp;lpg=PA973&amp;amp;dq=%22notacion%20camello%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=oTtESQL6W3&amp;amp;sig=JniJ1tquGII9d5RuQtpFvey3ad8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjDn7rylqrRAhUk9YMKHWZcBBcQ6AEIYjAM#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22notacion%20camello%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aprendiendo ASP .net en 21 lecciones avanzadas, libro publicado en el 2002&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:12:33.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17018" CreationDate="2017-01-05T05:03:42.973" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen cuatro términos usados comunmente en el área de informática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Sensible a mayúsculas y minúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: Término formal y más común&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Sensible a mayúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: Manera común de abreviar el término anterior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Sensible a la capitalización&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: Término semejante al previo, que alude a las mayúsculas siendo &quot;&lt;em&gt;letras capitales&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y a la &quot;&lt;em&gt;capitalización&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como la acción de emplear mayúsculas en una oración (&lt;em&gt;Nótese que la RAE no tiene una entrada para esta acepción&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: Alternativa usada para el primer término.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay algunos ejemplos de cómo se usan los términos listados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/SSSH5A_7.1.1/com.ibm.rational.clearquest.admin.doc/topics/c_case_sensitivity.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft Access no es sensible a mayúsculas y minúsculas&lt;/a&gt;. (IBM)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://exceltotal.com/funcion-contar-si-sensible-mayusculas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Función CONTAR.SI sensible a mayúsculas.&lt;/a&gt; (ExcelTotal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elbrujo.es/intranet/login.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sensible&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.andalucia.org/es/cuentas/entrar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://wikileaks.jornada.com.mx/login_form&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itl.cat/acl_users/credentials_cookie_auth/require_login?came_from=http%3A//www.itl.cat/forum/forum-de-sostenibilitat/forum_view%3Fset_language%3Des&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capitalización&lt;/a&gt;. (El Brujo, Andalucía, La Jornada, ITL)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ups.com/content/mx/es/resources/sri/reg_faq1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Qué significa que distingue las mayúsculas y las minúsculas?&lt;/a&gt; (UPS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota adicional&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa la variante que mencionas &quot;&lt;em&gt;susceptible&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, a continuación unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=is2J44U4DpsC&amp;amp;pg=PA457&amp;amp;lpg=PA457&amp;amp;dq=susceptible%20a%20mayusculas&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=1-7h7ltets&amp;amp;sig=49LWuCUePaOzZEbZHBYoUzcQUy8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiVsf2ai67RAhUBTSYKHWaDC1oQ6AEIJDAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=susceptible%20a%20mayusculas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Susceptible a mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt;, publicado en &quot;&lt;em&gt;Cómo programar en Java&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en el 2004&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webability.info/?P=doc_wikiwa3&amp;amp;wiki=intermedio/clientes/alta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebAbility es susceptible a mayúsculas y minúsculas&lt;/a&gt; (...) (Documentación WebAbility)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://prod005ws02.tecvirtual.mx:9010/PROD/bwskalog.p_disploginnew?in_id=&amp;amp;cpbl=&amp;amp;newid=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(...) susceptible a mayúsculas y minúsculas.&lt;/a&gt; (Traducción para un sistema adaptado para &lt;a href=&quot;http://tecvirtual.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Tecnológico de Monterrey&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que de existir la variante &quot;&lt;em&gt;susceptible a la capitalización&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no es muy común (No vas a encontrar resultados con la connotación correcta en la red), y la mayoría de los usos de &quot;&lt;em&gt;susceptible a mayúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; son copias del ejemplo en el libro mencionado anteriormente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T18:08:37.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T18:08:37.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19256" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:39:59.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desafortunadamente&quot; is used quite frequently, especially in legal and financial business. It's usually the word of choice to use when you have to deny something to the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hemos recibido su solicitud de préstamo, desafortunadamente tenemos que informarle que ha sido rechazada...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like with &quot;unfortunately&quot; in English, this is a means to avoid admitting personal responsibility on the decision. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it's a long word, it's not uncommon to use it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14621" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T14:57:26.330" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T14:57:26.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19639" CreationDate="2017-01-05T14:38:01.733" Score="2" ViewCount="10023" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España solemos decir cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A esa chica le encanta &lt;strong&gt;lucir palmito&lt;/strong&gt;: siempre se está haciendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/14714/1674&quot;&gt;autofotos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya he empezado la operación bikini! Este año quiero &lt;strong&gt;lucir palmito&lt;/strong&gt; en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, utilizamos &lt;em&gt;lucir palmito&lt;/em&gt; para designar el acto de mostrar el cuerpo de uno con satisfacción, vanagloriarse de lo bien puestas que están las carnes propias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge un par de entradas, pero me quedo con la segunda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RaIcb0y%7CRaJNh2R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palmito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del dim. de palmo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. coloq. Cara de mujer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. coloq. Talle esbelto de la mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien la primera entrada indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;como un palmito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. U. para dar a entender que alguien está curiosa y limpiamente vestido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el hilo de palmito&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; llegamos a palmo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RaKOsnr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palmo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;palmus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Distancia que va desde el extremo del pulgar hasta el del meñique, estando la mano extendida y abierta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Medida de longitud de unos 20 cm, que equivalía a la cuarta parte de una vara y estaba dividida en doce partes iguales o dedos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. palmo menor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Juego de muchachos en que se tiran monedas contra una pared, y gana la moneda el que hace caer la suya a un palmo o menos de distancia de la del otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero parece que esta referencia me deja en un callejón sin salida: ninguna de las acepciones parece remotamente relacionada con la belleza, la figura o cosas similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿cuál sería el origen de esta expresión? ¿Se usa también en regiones de Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T08:56:35.170" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;lucir palmito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19161" CreationDate="2017-01-05T17:24:55.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción en Español sería &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Peluda y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, también se maneja &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (MEGA) y la variante &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Espeluznante y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí algunos ejemplos donde se utiliza actualmente &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Peluda y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=kHw_5Nv2WfMC&amp;amp;pg=PA15&amp;amp;lpg=PA15&amp;amp;dq=Meta%20Grande,%20Peluda%20y%20Audaz&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=2ojhxDMevK&amp;amp;sig=hRWKwDpWeF7-6hGfKWKhVlKsfMI&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiPyZfkvavRAhUJSyYKHaa9CEUQ6AEIRTAF#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Meta%20Grande%2C%20Peluda%20y%20Audaz&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Comunicando la Sustentabilidad: Cómo producir campañas públicas efectivas&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2005&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.creandonegocios.com/meta-bhag/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Creando negocios rentables en Internet&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2012&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://meca-tecnologia.blogspot.com/2015/05/bhag-una-meta-grande-peluda-y-audaz.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Meca Tecnología&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2015&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí otros dónde se emplea &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (MEGA):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://advisors.com.co/blog/las-metas-grandes-y-audaces/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las Metas Grandes y Audaces&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2008&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://prezi.com/jvva6gzupeaf/las-metas-grandes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las Metas Grandes&lt;/a&gt; (Presentación), en el 2013&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.policia.gov.co/mision-vision-mega-principios-valores-funciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Policía Nacional (de Colombia) acoge como Meta Grande y Audaz&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2017&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente otros para &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Espeluznante y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=HFx7Fq4rsa0C&amp;amp;pg=PA206&amp;amp;lpg=PA206&amp;amp;dq=meta%20grande%20audaz%20espeluznante&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=NEa2dUQ80a&amp;amp;sig=-tP-tTyn5MDN9P2jKVyfeGC1x2g&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiGrYeK66vRAhXD6iYKHW09B1AQ6AEIJTAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=meta%20grande%20audaz%20espeluznante&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;!Vive tu sueño!&lt;/a&gt; (Libro), en el 2009&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aheft.com/index.php/comunidad/2012-03-07-12-16-47/general/inspiracion/8815-manifesting-sp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Manifestando la vida de tus sueños con ETF&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2012&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://technologicalmanagementfundamentals.blogspot.com/2015/05/conoce-el-rumbo-de-su-organizacion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Conoce el rumbo de su organización?&lt;/a&gt;, en el 2015&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe señalar que aunque es tentador considerar &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como un concepto diferente de &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Peluda y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.creandonegocios.com/meta-bhag/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambos&lt;/a&gt; son &lt;a href=&quot;http://advisors.com.co/blog/las-metas-grandes-y-audaces/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atribuidos a Collins y Porras&lt;/a&gt; (Es decir, son sinónimos del mismo concepto). También es importante notar que tanto el vínculo que define &quot;&lt;em&gt;Metas Grandes y Audaces&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (en lugar de &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Peluda y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) y uno de sus usos representativos (La Policía Nacional) son Colombianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al uso de &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Grande, Espeluznante y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, cuenta con sus variaciones (tal como &quot;&lt;em&gt;Gran Meta Espeluznante y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) pero se podría adaptar a &quot;&lt;em&gt;Meta Espeluznante, Grande y Audaz&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y así mantener el acrónimo de &quot;&lt;em&gt;MEGA&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T20:44:40.603" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T20:44:40.603" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19252" CreationDate="2017-01-05T17:53:42.627" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No están relacionadas, porque &lt;em&gt;albañil&lt;/em&gt; viene del árabe &lt;em&gt;al banna&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;el constructor&quot;), mientras que &lt;em&gt;Albania&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín, probablemente desde la raíz &lt;em&gt;albus&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;blanco&quot;) con el significado de &quot;tierras blancas&quot;, o desde la palabra &lt;em&gt;albanii&lt;/em&gt; (el nombre de una hipotética tribu antigua) con el significado de &quot;la tierra de los albanos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T17:53:42.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19267" CreationDate="2017-01-05T20:59:18.280" Score="2" ViewCount="1531" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba comentando el código asociado a un &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select multiple&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; y me di cuenta de que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;deseleccionar&lt;/strong&gt; no pertenece a nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A alguien se le ocurre alguna forma de designar la acción de &quot;hacer algo para que lo que está seleccionado deje de estarlo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T21:13:40.757" Title="¿Cómo se llama la acción contraria a &quot;seleccionar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19266" CreationDate="2017-01-05T21:13:40.757" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, RAE sí acepta &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/340020730014085120?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deseleccionar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (el cuál también he oído y visto que se usa) así como las siguientes alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Borrar selección&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eliminar selección&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dejar de seleccionar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T21:13:40.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13646" CreationDate="2017-01-05T22:03:11.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considera utilizar una frase que ilustre precisamente ese punto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De pronto me ahogué en un mar de sentimientos, las sensaciones que hervían en esta olas me abatían rápida y continuamente. A pesar de ser difícil distinguirlas, la calidez inconfundible de la curiosidad se alternaba con la frialdad casi sepulcral de la incertidumbre que culminó dejándome un sabor ceniciento en mi boca. Una vez que la marea de emociones relajó su dominio sobre mí, me preparé para enfrentar el misterio cuyo rastros de gusto todavía permanecían levemente en mi paladar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando te encuentres batallando con describir una mezcla de sensaciones o sentimientos, es válido recurrir a figuras literarias tales como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metáforas&lt;/a&gt;. Cierra los ojos y busca cómo describirías esa conjunción de elementos, su interacción y las secuelas de cada parte en el personaje afectado. El resultado inicial puede que no sea tan coherente pero te da la pauta para trabajar sobre algo que caracterice a tu estilo de los demás y te guíe en predicamentos similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13575" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T22:03:11.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19271" CreationDate="2017-01-06T01:31:34.887" Score="3" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;Context in the story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tanto miedo tenía/tuvo explicación en la noticia que corrió/corría como la pólvora desde varios días atrás: el temible pirata holandés Jorge Spitberg se acercaba/acercó por el Pacífico procedente de las costas chilenas, donde &lt;strong&gt;había hecho de las suyas&lt;/strong&gt;. Seguramente con sus cuatro galeones y dos pataches bien artillados, y con ochocientos piratas a bordo, iba a acabar con la ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;había hecho de las suyas&quot; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T22:22:06.710" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:22:06.710" Title="What does &quot;había hecho de las suyas&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19269" CreationDate="2017-01-06T02:31:50.013" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hacer de las suyas&lt;/code&gt; means more or less &lt;strong&gt;to do something someone usually does, which is kind of inapropriate, but part of their personality and character. It is kind of naughty or bad behaviour&lt;/strong&gt;. This misbehavior ranges from mischief, pranks or antics to neglectful behavior (drinking, swearing, etc.) to more serious &amp;quot;evil deeds&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gato ha vuelto a &lt;em&gt;hacer de las suyas&lt;/em&gt;. Mira, ha arañado el sofá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan ha vuelto a &lt;em&gt;hacer de las suyas&lt;/em&gt;, ha llegado a casa borracho a las cuatro de la mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your contex a pirate is &amp;quot;haciendo de las suyas&amp;quot; which is what pirates usually do and we don't find pleasant looting, attacking ships and the like. You know, pirate stuff. That is what that guy had been doing in the Chilean coast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a possible translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] Jorge Spitberg was coming from Chilean coasts, where he had done &lt;strong&gt;his evils deeds&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T03:48:52.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18990" CreationDate="2017-01-06T12:33:25.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay unas cuantas palabras en español que tradicionalmente se han usado en plural: prendas de ropa sobre todo (pantalones, pijamas, calzones, enaguas) pero también objetos que se componen de dos partes iguales (tijeras, anteojos, pinzas, tenazas). En algunos dialectos se usan más en plural, en otros se tiende más al singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de dichos sustantivos con la preposición &quot;de&quot; o &quot;en&quot; es idiomático. No se trata de concordancia gramatical. En dialecto rioplatense se dice &quot;dormir en pijama&quot; o &quot;salir de pantalón&quot; pero esto no tiene que ver con las preposiciones, ya que también se dice &quot;compré un pijama nuevo&quot; y &quot;me puse el pantalón&quot; (y si se habla de &quot;pijamas&quot; o &quot;pantalones&quot; queda claro que se trata de un verdadero plural, es decir, varios pijamas o varios pantalones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T12:33:25.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T14:20:04.233" Score="3" ViewCount="26105" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente se emplea para describir algo &lt;strong&gt;repulsivo&lt;/strong&gt; o que provoca rechazo, pero lo oí utilizar también para describir a una persona caprichosa, propensa a rechazar o expresar desagrado, es decir, una persona que &lt;strong&gt;repugna&lt;/strong&gt; en el sentido activo del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto emplear así la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14628" LastActivityDate="2021-01-09T05:40:33.773" Title="¿Tiene dos significados la palabra &quot;repugnante&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19274" CreationDate="2017-01-06T14:25:24.767" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta corta... Si.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W5zGHWH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repugnante&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que repugna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que causa repugnancia (‖ aversión).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición 2 se refiere al uso más común de tu primer ejemplo para describir algo repulsivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción 1 se refiere a tu segundo ejemplo cuando alguien es caprichoso y repugna, rehusa o rechaza algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera y quinta acepciones de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W62Tidm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Repugna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en la RAE son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Rehusar, hacer de mala gana algo o admitirlo con dificultad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Causar aversión o asco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T14:31:15.200" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T14:31:15.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19274" CreationDate="2017-01-06T14:49:18.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El segundo uso que descibes a mi me se me parece más a &lt;code&gt;repelente&lt;/code&gt; que a &lt;code&gt;repugnante&lt;/code&gt;. Desde luego, algo puede ser repelente porque da asco (es repugnante), pero algo pude repelernos sin llegar a dar asco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si una persona es muy machista o racista (siendo esos rasgos que ti te molestan en extremo), su actitud te puede causar &quot;asco&quot; (un desagrado muy fuerte) y puedes tildar a esa persona (o su actitud) de repugnante. Sin embargo, quizá esa persona símplemente está siempre quejándose (o es aburrida o cuenta chistes muy muy malos...). Tanto, que no te apetece estar con ella, porque te deprime y te hastía. Esa persona te repele, te causa aversión, pero no necesariamente asco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que para mi gusto (y a nivel práctico), hay una fina linea que distingue el uso de &quot;repugnante&quot; dependiendo de si causa rechazo por ser asqueroso o de muy mal gusto o no. Yo no calificaría a alguien de repugnate simplemente por ser repelente / repulsivo aunque técnicamente el significado de esos términos permita hacerlo. Para mi una persona caprichosa no es necesariamente repugnante, aunque sí replente a cierto grado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, no creo que se pueda tachar a una persona de &quot;repugnante&quot; simplemente porque su actitud repele o aleja a los demás. El motivo de tal repulsión o el nivel de desgrado es para mi lo que hace que se pueda usar el término o no y por eso cuestiono un poco su uso en ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T15:01:04.147" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T15:01:04.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18082" CreationDate="2017-01-06T15:20:39.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy hablante argentino rioplatense y realmente no estoy seguro de cuál es mi propia preferencia en cuanto a las diferentes conjugaciones; pensándolo bien es probable que varíe según el verbo y la estructura de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que nunca digo &lt;em&gt;querás&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;murás&lt;/em&gt;, pero se me ocurre que puede haber una cierta resistencia de origen analógico a usar la forma aguda cuando en la forma grave hay una alternancia con diptongación (&lt;em&gt;querer → qu&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;ras, morir → m&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;ras&lt;/em&gt;). En los verbos que no alternan la vocal la diferencia entre las dos formas es sólo de acentuación (&lt;em&gt;que vivas / que vivás, cuando vengas / cuando vengás&lt;/em&gt;) y allí es más fácil que haya una variación libre en el uso, porque un simple cambio de énfasis puede hacer que uno mismo no se dé cuenta conscientemente de dónde está poniendo el acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto en lo que se refiere al presente del subjuntivo. En el pretérito del indicativo cabe mencionar que la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;comistes, trabajastes&lt;/em&gt;), si bien es etimológicamente más correcta, en rioplatense se suele ver como signo de afectación de clase alta (quizá porque la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; final en rioplatense suele aspirarse y desaparecer, con lo cual añadir una &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; a algo que no la lleva sería una forma de hipercorrección).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T15:20:39.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19044" CreationDate="2017-01-07T00:03:25.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excluyendo el contexto lingüístico y el lenguaje corporal, una forma posible de marcar exclusividad sería un recurso que veo habitualmente en mi dialecto (rioplatense) y que es usar &lt;em&gt;acá&lt;/em&gt; como deíctico de manera figurativa (sea que además se refiera a un lugar físico o no):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acá&lt;/strong&gt; nosotros podemos arreglarnos bien así. No sé ustedes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los regalos que trajo el jefe son para nosotros &lt;strong&gt;acá&lt;/strong&gt;, no para repartir entre todas las oficinas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acá&lt;/strong&gt; tu madre y yo vamos a salir; vos tenés que quedarte estudiando.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:03:25.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19279" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-07T02:44:39.973" Score="6" ViewCount="9164" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/367002/interpreting-a-quote-from-don-quixote/367023?noredirect=1#comment856753_367023&quot;&gt;En otro sitio, EL&amp;amp;U&lt;/a&gt;, estamos platicando acerca del uso de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinrazón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el Capitulo 1 de Don Quijote y su traducción en Ingles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;razón&lt;/strong&gt; de la &lt;strong&gt;sinrazón&lt;/strong&gt; que a mi &lt;strong&gt;razón&lt;/strong&gt; se hace, de tal manera mi &lt;strong&gt;razón&lt;/strong&gt; enflaquece, que con &lt;strong&gt;razón&lt;/strong&gt; me quejo de la vuestra hermosura, y también cuando leía: los altos cielos que de vuestra divinidad divinamente con las estrellas se fortifican, y os hacen merecedora del merecimiento que merece la vuestra grandeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda,  Don Q está loco como cabra, pero la pregunta es como interpretar  “&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinrazón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;” y relacionarlo con los otros usos de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;razón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos dos traducciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The reason for the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unreason&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to which my reason &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;is subjected&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, so weakens my reason that I have reason to complain of your beauty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The reason for the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;madness which assails&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; my reason does weaken it, [and] I have not lost my reason in complaining of your beauty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;sinrazón&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XzJyNwM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; tiene...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acción hecha contra justicia y fuera de lo razonable o debido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en mi parte del mundo significa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Acción o cosa ilógica o irracional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej. Aquel despido fue una sinrazón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Falta de razón o lógica en una cosa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej. La  sinrazón de su comportamiento me preocupa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sinónimos incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Injusticia, error, arbitrariedad, atropello, contrasentido, ilegalidad, abuso, parcialidad, despotismo, locura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entonces, en la citación de Cervantes la palabra sinrazón significa locura, atropello, abuso, todos, o tal vez algo más? ¿Cual fuel la intención de Cervantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T18:07:47.163" Title="Significado de &quot;sinrazón&quot; en &quot;Don Quijote&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19279" CreationDate="2017-01-07T04:31:36.773" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;He buscado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n:Raz%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otras referencias a esa cita&lt;/a&gt;, para tener algo más de contexto. Básicamente, Cervantes nos describe a Quijote, al que le gustaba tanto leer que descuida su hacienda y las tareas propias de su estatus social (la caza), e incluso malvende parte de sus tierras para comprar más libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice Cervantes que Quijote &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llevó a su casa todos cuantos pudo haber ellos [libros]; y de todos ningunos le parecían tan bien como los que compuso el famoso Feliciano de Silva: porque &lt;strong&gt;la claridad de su prosa, y aquellas intrincadas razones suyas, le parecían de perlas&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la &quot;clara prosa&quot; e &quot;intrincadas razones&quot; son son otras que esa cita de &lt;code&gt;La razón de la sinrazón que a mi razón se hace...&lt;/code&gt; que nos trae de cabeza y que por cierto causa la locura de Don Quijote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://digitalcommons.providence.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1072&amp;amp;context=inti&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este ensayo&lt;/a&gt;, Cervantes se burla de Feliciano de Silva en esa cita, implicando que Alonso Quijano se vuelve loco de leer tanto libro de Silva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Silva's romances are named as those which contributed most to Don Quijote's insanity because of the style exemplified in the famous &quot;razón de la sinrazón&quot; phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feliciano_de_Silva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; sostiene lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que primer punto, es una cita del Quijote, pero los versos son originales de Francisco de Silva (hay una cita en esa cita), y la intención de Cervantes es burlarse de la prosa de Silva. Y se burla precisamente de que &lt;strong&gt;es difícil de entender&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;clara prosa&quot;, se mofa Cervantes, que lleva a Alonso Quijano a la locura). Se burla de que es una tontería de las típicas que se escribían en los libros de caballería de la época y que pretende ser profunda (y sin embargo es un sinsentido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a una posible traducción, teniendo en cuenta que la frase es difícil de entender y posiblemente ambigua a propósito, yo favorecería &lt;code&gt;unreason&lt;/code&gt;, para mantener esa &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliteraci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aliteración&lt;/a&gt; de razón-sinrazón-razón-razón-razón que creo que era la intención original de Silva, y que no se mantendría con &lt;code&gt;madness&lt;/code&gt; u otras posibilidades. El significado poco importa, si hacemos caso a Cervantes, y me da que Silva no le dio mucha importancia tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-07T18:07:47.163" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T18:07:47.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13625" CreationDate="2017-01-07T12:30:04.433" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a complex topic.  First off, there are reasons for the widespread use of RVR1960 in Latin America that have little to do with linguistic choices made in the translation.  Second, some of the translator's choices in other translations raise questions of orthodoxy.  Third, the plethora of multiple translations, such as we have in English, may be a function of wealth in addition to language choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Latin Americans have a passive acquaintance with &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; usage even if they do not use that form in daily life.  This is especially true among those who read a lot.  Merely replacing &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; and making the verbs agree would add little value to an existing translation, and probably wouldn't be worth the cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't claim to be an expert on Christian orthodoxy, nor do I think this is the right forum to discuss it.  But I do want to mention in passing that RVR1960 gets good reviews among those who are concerned with such matters.  That's not to disparage any other translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my own experience, I carried a parallel bible Spanish-English to an English speaking Bible study for years.  I found that RVR1960 was closer to ESV or NKJV than NIV was to either of those two, despite the linguistic differences between English and Spanish.  I attribute this to the choice of manuscripts available to translators in the 1500-1600 time frame, when both the KJV and the original RV were produced,  versus the choice of manuscripts available today.  There may be other reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, producing a new translation is an expensive proposition.  The money available for that purpose is probably better used elsewhere.  One such use is producing audio bibles for hundreds of new world languages that have no system of writing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tema es complejo.  En primer lugar, hay razones por la aceptación de RVR1960 que tienen poco que ver con las alternativas lingüísticas escogidas.  En segundo lugar, la presentación en algunas otras traducciones contraen dificultades de ortodoxia.  En tercer lugar, la plétora de traducciones que tenemos en el inglés puede ser en función de riqueza y no de alternativas lingüísticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de los latinoamericanos por lo menos reconocen el empleo de &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, si bien no lo usan en conversación común.  Especialmente tratándose de personas que leen mucho.  El mero remplazo de &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; y el cambio correspondiente de los verbos no aportaría mucho valor a una traducción ya existente,  y probablemente no valdría el costo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni pretendo ser un experto en ortodoxia cristiana ni pienso que se debería debatir en este foro.  Pero digo, de paso, que los que se ocupan de tales cuestiones dan una opinión favorable de la versión RVR1960.  Esto no es para descartar alguna otra traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia propia, porté una biblia paralela, español-inglés a un estudio bíblico entre angloparlantes durante varios años.  Encontré que la RVR1960 se asemeja más a la ESV o a la KJV de lo que la NIV se asemeja a cualquiera de los dos.  Creo que esto se debe a los manuscritos disponibles en la época 1500 a 1600, cuando se realizaron las traducciones KJV y la RV original, en contraste con los disponibles hoy en día.  Pueden haber más razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, la publicación de una nueva traducción es un proyecto costoso.  El dinero que se usaría sería más util en otro proyecto,  como la producción de biblias grabadas en idiomas del nuevo mundo que carecen de un alfabeto escrito.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Disculpen los errores en esta traducción.  Mi español no es tan bueno como lo tenía pensado.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-28T02:22:08.470" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T02:22:08.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18574" CreationDate="2017-01-07T15:27:47.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu idea original (es decir, que algo está mal o falta algo) es correcta. El verbo &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; requiere de una construcción gramatical donde al paciente (aquél que gusta de algo) se lo precede por la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.  Puedes usar &lt;em&gt;al que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a quien&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;al cual&lt;/em&gt; indistintamente en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todo esto vale sólo para el registro formal (un libro, un informe, un discurso, una presentación laboral). En un registro más informal, por el contrario, usar algo más de &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; suena afectado. En una canción popular como la que citas el uso de &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; sin preposición es normal y esperable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, estas son frases que yo usaría hablando informalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy un tipo sencillo que no le gustan los platos raros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoy vino aquel hombre que le presté un libro hace tres meses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa actriz que le dieron el Oscar, ¿cómo se llamaba?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso no es raro informalmente reemplazar otros pronombres relativos como &lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos alojamos en un hostel que había un grupo grande de alemanes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca me acuerdo el lugar que guardo las cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto no recomendaría a nadie que esté aprendiendo español hablar de esta manera al principio, y yo tampoco usaría jamás construcciones de este tipo en un trabajo escrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-07T15:37:24.473" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T15:37:24.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-07T16:46:44.840" Score="5" ViewCount="2808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es si las crías de iguana tienen otro nombre aparte. Encontré una lista de crías en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_cr%C3%ADas_de_animales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikilingua&lt;/a&gt;, pero no encontré este animal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14633" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T14:34:12.507" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:01:18.887" Title="¿Cómo se llama una cría de iguana?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19283" CreationDate="2017-01-07T20:23:44.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Si no existe una palabra específica, la RAE recoge el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4GZKKGk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ato&lt;/a&gt; que, aplicado a animales, especifica la cría de estos. Pone como ejemplos el cervato y el ballenato. Del mismo modo supongo que podría decirse, por qué no, &lt;strong&gt;iguanato&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que no, que me dice la RAE en &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/818790433350385664&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; que naranjas de la China, que &quot;iguanato&quot; no está en el diccionario y su uso no está documentado. Además, y aunque dice que &lt;em&gt;iguanato&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/819189018181140480&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no sería una incorrección&lt;/a&gt;, confirma que el sufijo «-ato» no se puede aplicar a cualquier base. Me temo que de momento habrá que llamarla &quot;cría de iguana&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T16:01:18.887" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:01:18.887" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18751" CreationDate="2017-01-08T03:05:42.507" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algún punto de la evolución del latín tardío, un grupo de verbos caracterizados por tener una raíz con un patrón fonético &lt;em&gt;C(C)-/a/-C&lt;/em&gt; pasaron a formar perfectos en &lt;em&gt;-uī&lt;/em&gt; por analogía con &lt;em&gt;habēre&lt;/em&gt; (cuyo perfecto era &lt;em&gt;habuī&lt;/em&gt;), entre ellos &lt;em&gt;sapēre&lt;/em&gt; (luego confundido con &lt;em&gt;sapere&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;capere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; del sufijo de perfecto hizo metátesis dando &lt;em&gt;au&lt;/em&gt; en la raíz, que más tarde monoptongó en &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, un cambio posterior elevó la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; en la raíz de todos estos verbos, por analogía con las formas de otros verbos similares que la habían elevado antes por influencia de una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; en su conjugación (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;aduzir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;habēre: habuī → haubī → esp. ant. &lt;em&gt;ove&lt;/em&gt; → esp. mod. &lt;em&gt;hube&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sapere: sapuī → saupī → esp. ant. &lt;em&gt;sope&lt;/em&gt; → esp. mod. &lt;em&gt;supe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;capere: capuī → caupī → esp. ant. &lt;em&gt;cope&lt;/em&gt; → esp. mod. &lt;em&gt;cupe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El diptongo &lt;em&gt;au&lt;/em&gt; bloqueó la sonorización intervocálica de &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;, cosa que no ocurrió en portugués, donde el mismo principio dio lugar a los pretéritos modernos &lt;em&gt;houve&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;soube&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;coube&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pretérito de &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; se formó aparentemente por analogía con &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, dado que los significados de ambos verbos eran muy similares y terminaban confundiéndose (fue &lt;em&gt;tove&lt;/em&gt; primero y luego &lt;em&gt;tuve&lt;/em&gt;). Muchos otros verbos se conjugaban de esta manera y fueron regularizados más tarde. Nuevamente la comparación con el portugués es útil para ver como estas cosas suelen ser contingentes: en castellano todavía decimos &lt;em&gt;anduve&lt;/em&gt; mientras que el portugués tiene la forma regular &lt;em&gt;andou&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que para nuestro &lt;em&gt;traje&lt;/em&gt;, en portugués se tiene &lt;em&gt;trouxe&lt;/em&gt; (que en castellano dio &lt;em&gt;truje&lt;/em&gt;, forma todavía empleada en varios dialectos tanto europeos como americanos, antes de regularizarse por analogía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente:&lt;/strong&gt; Paul M. Lloyd, &lt;em&gt;Del latín al español&lt;/em&gt;, vol. 1, &quot;Fonología y morfología históricas de la lengua española&quot;, versión española de Adelino Álvarez Rodríguez. Ed. Gredos, Madrid, 1993.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-01-08T13:32:33.310" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T13:32:33.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19292" CreationDate="2017-01-08T17:39:35.430" Score="2" ViewCount="654" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following sentence :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los invitados (llamar) ______ a la puerta y les (abrir) _____ una joven (ser) _____ una muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it should be the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los invitados (llamar) &lt;strong&gt;llamaban&lt;/strong&gt; a la puerta y les (abrir) &lt;strong&gt;abrio&lt;/strong&gt; una joven (ser) &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; una muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet, I'm not sure since (abrir) aka opening the door, is an action that terminated in the past she open the door the action was finished when the door was open if I use &lt;strong&gt;abria&lt;/strong&gt; doesn't it mean that the action is still taking place? like she is just opening the door? I'm a bit confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13594" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T11:45:41.013" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T11:45:41.013" Title="Use pretérito imperfecto or pretérito indefinido?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19288" CreationDate="2017-01-08T18:58:47.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abrió&lt;/strong&gt; is the correct one, since the action has already happened and finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the you have to use a coma after era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los invitados (llamar) &lt;strong&gt;llamaban&lt;/strong&gt; a la puerta y les (abrir) &lt;strong&gt;abrió&lt;/strong&gt; una joven (ser)&lt;strong&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; una muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14638" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T18:58:47.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-08T20:55:42.653" Score="5" ViewCount="3749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de terminar de leerme la novela &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_Player_One&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ready player one&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de Ernest Cline. No diré nada sobre la novela en sí porque no es el sitio, pero sí me gustaría hacer un par comentarios sobre la traducción (al español de España). Básicamente no hay gran cosa que reprochar, habida cuenta de que no he leído la versión original, aunque sí ha habido un par de expresiones que me han sonado raras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La primera es &quot;explicar un chiste&quot;. No es la primera vez que la oigo, ya en la traducción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porco_Rosso&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Porco Rosso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; dicen &quot;explícame una historia&quot;. La tengo como un catalanismo, dado que muchas traducciones se hacen allí y contienen expresiones que no se usan en el resto del país. Para mí los chistes, los cuentos y las historias se cuentan, no se explican. Bueno, los chistes se explican cuando el que los oye no los entiende de primeras, pero no se explican de partida. Por tanto esa expresión me suena muy rara.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La segunda, la que nos ocupa, es &quot;hacer la higa&quot;. Aparece (creo) hasta en tres ocasiones durante el libro. No la había oído jamás en la vida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNCKZAT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;higa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un &quot;gesto que se ejecuta con la mano, cerrado el puño, mostrando el dedo pulgar por entre el dedo índice y el cordial, con el que se señalaba a las personas infames o se hacía desprecio de ellas&quot;. También puede ser sencillamente una &quot;burla o desprecio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignoro con qué sentido se usa en el libro, pero al no haber oído la expresión nunca me suena rarísima. Dejando aparte el motivo por el que el traductor pudo elegirla como traducción del original, ¿es de uso habitual en alguna parte de España? Si es así, ¿se usa con alguno de los sentidos mencionados por la RAE? ¿O se usa actualmente con algún otro sentido más reciente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He gave me the finger; then his avatar disappeared as he logged out of the chat room.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Volvió a hacerme la higa y su avatar desapareció cuando se desconectó de la sala de chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T09:30:21.290" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T16:35:57.187" Title="¿Es &quot;hacer la higa&quot; una expresión común en España? ¿Qué significa exactamente?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19288" CreationDate="2017-01-08T21:05:49.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los invitados llamaban a la puerta y les abrió una joven, era una muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it sounds like the door was opened &lt;em&gt;while&lt;/em&gt; the guests were knocking at the door. You get the same meaning with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los invitados llamaban a la puerta cuando les abrió una joven.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los invitados estaban llamando a la puerta cuando les abrió una joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the door was opened &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; the knocking, you must use &lt;em&gt;llamaron&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los invitados llamaron a la puerta y les abrió una joven. Era una muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you must you a comma or period before the &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;. About your question, yes, you must use &lt;em&gt;abrió&lt;/em&gt; as the action was executed once and has already finished. If you use &lt;em&gt;abría&lt;/em&gt; it sounds as an action that was executed regularly, as in the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre que llamaban a la puerta les abría la misma muchacha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T21:05:49.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19291" CreationDate="2017-01-08T21:36:42.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me había fijado en esas expresiones cuando leí el libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.- Cuando se utiliza la expresión &quot;explicando chistes&quot;,  por el contexto creo que tanto podría ser &quot;contar chistes&quot;, como  &quot;explicarlos&quot;. Seguramente sea &quot;contar chistes&quot;, pero habría  que leer la versión original, a ver qué dice. (No sé cómo se dirá en catalán). El párrafo dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Finalmente se volvió y me dedicó una sonrisa, y yo la reconocí al momento: era el mismo rictus de gato de Cheshire que había visto miles de veces dibujado en el rostro del avatar de Hache, durante las incontables noches que habíamos pasado juntos en Oasis, explicándonos chistes malos y viendo películas baratas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.- Hacer la Higa no es una expresión habitual, al menos en mi entorno. Sin embargo, normalmente la asocio con el significado que le da el DLE en el enlace que pusiste, más abajo, a la expresión &lt;em&gt;dar, o hacer (a alguien) una higa&lt;/em&gt;. Que es &lt;em&gt;contra el aojo&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, es un gesto para ahuyentar el mal de ojo. También hay amuletos con forma de higa, para eso mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco cómo se usa la expresión en Cataluña o en catalán. Pero es verdad que queda un poco raro su uso en el libro. No me imagino a un chaval estadounidense haciendo la higa como insulto (cerrar el puño sacando el dedo gordo entre el índice y el cordial). Aunque según el DLE es un uso adecuado, yo al leer me lo imagino como &lt;em&gt;hacer la peineta&lt;/em&gt; pero se refiere a un gesto diferente: cerrar el puño y sacar el dedo medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada de la Wikipedia para &lt;em&gt;higa&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a este segundo gesto. Desconozco si ambos gestos son llamados igual en la actualidad, o si lo son en unas zonas y no en otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14641" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T21:36:42.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19291" CreationDate="2017-01-09T10:08:19.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde Alicante (España), puedo decir que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Explicar un chiste&quot; sólo lo conocía como exponer el chiste de forma clara para que se entienda la causa de su gracia, nunca como la simple exposición.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nunca había escuchado la expresión &quot;hacer la higa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T10:08:19.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19291" CreationDate="2017-01-09T15:16:59.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/strong&gt; recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;HIGA es una manera de menosprecio que hazemos cerrando el puño, y mostrando el dedo pulgar por entre el dedo indice, y el medio, es disfraçada pulla. La higa antigua era tan solamente vna semejanza del miembro viril, estendido el dedo medio, y encogiendo el indize, y el auricular: y assi se dezia media vnguem oftendere...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dize vn prouerbio, Mee yo claro y vna higa para el medico; dixolo Marcial....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambiem es cosa vsada al que ha parecido bien darle vna higa, diziendo, Toma porque no os aojen....&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;strong&gt;Quijote&lt;/strong&gt; aparece varias veces, siempre con el sentido de menosprecio, no contra el aojo. Por ejemplo, en el Capítulo XXXII, comparando (favorablemente) a Héctor, Aquiles y Roldán con el Gran Capitán y con Diego García, el ventero dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Dos higas para el Gran Capitán y para ese Diego García que dice!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en el Capítulo LXV, Sancho consuela a Don Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... dé una higa al médico, pues no le ha menester para que le cure en esta enfermedad ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión solo la he escuchado un par de veces, por lo que dudo que sea de uso habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &amp;quot;explicar un chiste&amp;quot;, coincido con las otras respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14503" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14503" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T16:35:57.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19302" CreationDate="2017-01-09T18:22:15.097" Score="9" ViewCount="21656" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=carajo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;carajo&lt;/a&gt; es empleada en frases con connotaciones despectivas, pero acabo de ver una imagen en la cual se dice que antiguamente se utilizaba con otros fines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kKvKLm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kKvKLm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le llamaba &quot;carajo&quot; a la pequeña canastilla que se encontraba en lo alto del palo mayor de las naves antiguas. Cuando un marinero cometía alguna falta, se le mandaba al carajo como castigo. Por eso, cuando queremos perder de vista a alguien usamos la expresión &quot;vete al carajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien tiene referencias al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T20:10:35.703" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T17:11:37.560" Title="¿Es cierto que la palabra &quot;carajo&quot; designaba una canastilla en el palo mayor de las naves?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19296" CreationDate="2017-01-09T19:01:46.117" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto en el NTLLE, en todos los diccionarios en que aparece &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt; (desde 1505 en adelante) el único significado es &quot;pene&quot;, &quot;miembro viril&quot;, etc. Ninguno recoge una acepción como la que indicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14519" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T19:01:46.117" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19300" CreationDate="2017-01-09T19:17:07.393" Score="5" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19296/significado-de-la-palabra-carajo/19297#19297&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; me he tropezado con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7PGHxNA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carajillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Bebida que se prepara generalmente añadiendo una bebida alcohólica fuerte al café caliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7PHLd6o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carajo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De or. inc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. malson. &lt;strong&gt;miembro viril&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se ha establecido esa relación entre el &quot;diminutivo del miembro viril&quot; y la &quot;bebida alcohólica fuerte con café caliente&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14519" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T02:53:26.167" Title="¿Por qué &quot;carajillo&quot; (diminutivo de carajo) es una bebida alcohólica con café caliente?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19299" CreationDate="2017-01-09T19:36:00.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?carajillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;carajillo&lt;/strong&gt; es usada para referirse a un café con &lt;em&gt;picardía&lt;/em&gt;, o sea con un poco de licor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web explica que la palabra viene de cuando tropas españolas invadieron Cuba y debido a la falta de suministros tuvieron que tirar de recursos locales para el café y el licor (ron). Como la mezcla de ambos les daba &quot;coraje&quot; (valentía), la frase común antes del combate era &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos a coger &lt;strong&gt;corajillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y de ahí la reverberación &quot;corajillo-carajillo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carajillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; aclara que el origen es incierto, pero alude a la misma anécdota que la otra referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su origen es desconocido y quizá se remonta a la época en la que Cuba era colonia española y los soldados combinaban café con ron para coger &quot;corajillo&quot;, de coraje, y de ahí, carajillo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &lt;code&gt;carajillo&lt;/code&gt; es más una corrupción del diminutivo de &lt;code&gt;coraje&lt;/code&gt; que el diminutivo de &lt;code&gt;carajo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T02:53:26.167" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T02:53:26.167" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19574" CreationDate="2017-01-09T20:29:31.300" Score="5" ViewCount="7737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can somebody explain the grammar behind this Colombian expression? Assuming it's the indirect object pronoun, to what or whom does the &quot;le&quot; refer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And why is it missing a direct object pronoun? Why isn't it &lt;em&gt;hágalo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hágaselo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hazlo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T20:32:17.963" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T22:10:56.027" Title="What is the grammar behind &quot;¡Hágale pues!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19296" CreationDate="2017-01-09T20:33:38.060" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;code&gt;carajo&lt;/code&gt; no tiene una procedencia segura, por lo que el propio Diccionario académico indica que es &quot;de origen incierto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera el origen de la expresión es incierto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, y aunque incluso en algunas webs &quot;de confianza&quot;, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?carajo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de chile&lt;/a&gt; lo apoyan, otras muchas lo desmienten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historieta en cuestión dice que a nadie le gustaba estar en la canastilla esa, que era un lugar peligroso, expuesto al frío, la lluvia y el sol y donde era más fácil marearse. Los marineros que no cumplían bien sus tareas terminaban siendo &quot;mandados al carajo&quot; como &quot;castigo&quot; para que escarmentasen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, explican que &quot;mandar a alguien al carajo&quot; era mandarles a ese lugar incómodo y de ahí la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-13760642&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra web&lt;/a&gt; explica que esa historia sobre el origen es muy popular y extendida, pero &lt;strong&gt;falsa&lt;/strong&gt; (y eso explica que no puedas encontrar en el diccionario en la entrada de &lt;code&gt;carajo&lt;/code&gt; una referencia a la canastilla del mástil del barco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, nunca existió en las embarcaciones sitio alguno al que le dijeran ‘carajo’. A los marineros díscolos simplemente se los encerraba en el calabozo, a pan y agua. Más agua que pan. Y la famosa canastilla, que sí existe, es en realidad el puesto del vigía y en castellano se llama &lt;strong&gt;‘cofa’&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- En el Diccionario académico, la voz &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt; nunca ha tenido el significado de ‘puesto del vigía de los galeones’. La primera vez que se incluye esta voz en el Diccionario académico es en 1983, pero &lt;strong&gt;con otros significados&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Departamento de «Español al día» de la Real Academia Española, ha encontrado el significado de &lt;code&gt;carajo&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;cofa&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://usuarios.arnet.com.ar/maf_lcd/gponcio/diccio/diccio.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario náutico abreviado&lt;/a&gt;, de G. Poncio, L. Ballester, R. Nicotra y A. Will. Si esa única entrada es suficiente como para validar el origen de la expresión puede ser motivo de debate, debido a la escasez de evidencias (Habría que ver qué fuentes usan estos autores para atribuir a &quot;carajo&quot; el mismo significado que &quot;cofa&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay otro enlace de interés sobre el  &lt;a href=&quot;https://nauticajonkepa.wordpress.com/2010/12/21/origen-de-la-palabra-carajo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;origen de la palabra “Carajo”&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T17:11:37.560" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T17:11:37.560" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19254" CreationDate="2017-01-10T11:35:03.607" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer: it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; possible to hear the sound [v] as an allophone (that is, alternate) for /b/, but you won't hear it in any way systematically between the written letters &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;.  There are a number of reasons for that.  For speakers in areas where Spanish is the only Romance language around, the emergence of [v] will be dictated by certain linguistic rules/precepts other than etymology, but is relatively spontaneous in speech.  For speakers in areas with other Romance languages, it is possible that they will borrow pronunciation from their other language, but the catch there is that the orthography of &lt;em&gt;b/v&lt;/em&gt; is inconsistent in Spanish and the development of &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; is somewhat inconsistent from Latin to the Neolatin languages: as a result, such speakers may pronounce certain &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;'s as [v] and certain &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;'s as [b].  An obvious example is the imperfect &lt;em&gt;-aba-&lt;/em&gt;, which in Latin was also &lt;em&gt;-aba-&lt;/em&gt; but for speakers of Catalan (and Italian and Portuguese), for instance, it changed into &lt;em&gt;-ava-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, etymologically, no native Spanish-speaker preserves the distinction.  Likewise, based on how Spanish is written today, no native actually distinguishes the two letters, even if, due to another language they speak, they perceive [b] and [v] as two different phonemes — /b/ and /v/.  It is possible (and common) for a [v] phone to emerge, but it's not dictated by etymology or spelling, and is merely an allophone of /b/ (and of /f/, actually), rather than a phoneme unto itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:46:40.787" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:46:40.787" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19305" CreationDate="2017-01-10T14:16:39.303" Score="2" ViewCount="2060" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cuando algo es inevitable, indiscutible o sabemos que sucederá a ciencia cierta decimos (de manera coloquial) que es &lt;code&gt;impepinable&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres que te den el carnet de conducir tienes que aprobar tanto el teórico como el práctico. Eso es &lt;em&gt;impepinable&lt;/em&gt;. No te vale solo con aprobar uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de Fulano es un caso &lt;em&gt;impepinable&lt;/em&gt; de corrupción. Tienen todas esas grabaciones y los testigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que tu equipo iba a ganar era &lt;em&gt;impepinable&lt;/em&gt;, son un equipo de primera división jugando contra unos de tercera...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L2qnrJf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;impepinable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Cierto, seguro, que no admite discusión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esta una de esas expresiones que se forma &amp;quot;de casualidad&amp;quot; y principalmente debido a su sonoridad? ¿O hay un origen conocido y medianamente racional para esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T15:24:40.087" Title="¿Por qué algo inevitable o indiscutible es &quot;impepinable&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19304" CreationDate="2017-01-10T14:49:02.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rebuscando entre las &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=impepinable&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocurrencias del CORDE&lt;/a&gt; veo una de 1944, de &lt;em&gt;El idioma como instrumento y el diccionario como símbolo&lt;/em&gt;, de Julio Casares, que propone que es una deformación jocosa de &lt;em&gt;inopinable&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, que no admite opinión alguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/fichero-general&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fichero general&lt;/a&gt; hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_I/LETRA_I_PDF/IMPEPINABLE/00001464.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una ficha (PDF)&lt;/a&gt; que dice que es originaria del mundo de la farándula, de locutores y artistas, junto con otras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L1cW0Tn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;impajaritable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de significado similar pero de uso en Chile y Ecuador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/results.vm?o=&amp;amp;w=impepinable&amp;amp;f=text&amp;amp;t=%2Bcreation&amp;amp;l=600&amp;amp;l=700&amp;amp;s=0&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España&lt;/a&gt; encuentro que la primera aparición de la expresión es de 1889:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si Pérez suelta un bastito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pequeño, ¿qué hace González?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fallar. Mato con la espada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Doy enseguida un arrastre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me asiste con el caballo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se desarma, y ¿de qué sale?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tiene que salir de copas...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Pues codillo impepinable!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;- Un tresillista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un tresillista es aquel que juega al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=abDVbLh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tresillo&lt;/a&gt;: juego de naipes que se practica entre tres personas, cada una de las cuales recibe nueve cartas, y que gana en cada lance la que hace mayor número de bazas. Hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004867310&amp;amp;page=2&amp;amp;search=impepinable&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; de 1899 que dice que los tresillistas tenían su propio argot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tresillo tiene su &lt;em&gt;argot&lt;/em&gt;. Las cartas sin valor para el juego que se hace reciben los nombres de &lt;em&gt;podridas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cartulinas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cucos&lt;/em&gt;. La espada, la mala y&#xA;  punto son &lt;em&gt;la perla&lt;/em&gt;; el basto y un caballo, &lt;em&gt;la tenaza&lt;/em&gt;; una sota es &lt;em&gt;una niña&lt;/em&gt;; el tres de bastos, &lt;em&gt;Calomarde&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;el atado por los ríñones&lt;/em&gt;. Un solo imperdible se llama &lt;em&gt;impepinable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que ya resulta difícil de decir es si la palabra &lt;em&gt;impepinable&lt;/em&gt; se originó en este &lt;em&gt;argot&lt;/em&gt; (es posible, ya que su primer uso aparece en este contexto), si tiene algo que ver con el significado actual, o si fue tomada del contexto farandulero mencionado anteriormente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T15:24:40.087" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T15:24:40.087" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19307" CreationDate="2017-01-10T15:25:42.910" Score="3" ViewCount="1406" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguro que alguna vez habéis ojeado una revista de moda y os habéis encontrado con referencias al &lt;em&gt;fondo de armario&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en Vogue, y bajo el título &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vogue.es/moda/tendencias/articulos/prendas-basicas-que-tienes-que-tener/21268&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las prendas que tienes que tener&lt;/a&gt;, comentan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unos lo llaman &lt;strong&gt;fondo de armario&lt;/strong&gt;, otros simplemente básicos... Lo cierto es que, a pesar de las tendencias que se esfuerzan en hacernos creer que han venido para quedarse cada temporada, hay un puñado de prendas que se sitúan por encima de cualquier estética o corriente con fecha de caducidad. &lt;strong&gt;Son las prendas que hay que tener, o en su defecto, aquellas de las que nunca debes deshacerte porque siempre, siempre, acaban volviendo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cita lo dice todo: se refiere a aquellas prendas en base a la cual se sustenta el estilo de uno. Después, uno añade complementos que van variando según la temporada, el día, etc. Por ejemplo, unos vaqueros podrían definirse como &lt;em&gt;fondo de armario&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que unas pulseras o una camiseta son cosas más fútiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me parece curioso del concepto es su nombre en sí: para mí, en el fondo del armario suelen habitar las piezas de ropa poco usadas, que han ido cayendo en el olvido para dejar paso a otras que nos ponemos con más frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué, pues, usamos esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T20:13:44.210" Title="¿Por qué llamamos &quot;fondo de armario&quot; al guardarropa básico de una persona?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19306" CreationDate="2017-01-10T16:17:14.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contémplalo de esta forma: según las definiciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IBiSV3w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fondo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; podemos decir que un &quot;fondo&quot; es la parte inferior de algo hueco. Curiosamente, busqué la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/fond/34470?q=fond#34417&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fondo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en francés y la primera acepción es la misma (bueno, habla de &quot;base&quot; en vez la parte inferior), poniendo como ejemplos &lt;em&gt;le fond d'un tonneau, d'une armoire&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, que para un armario el fondo no tiene por qué ser la parte de atrás, sino la parte inferior o base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, cuando tienes un armario vacío y tienes que llenarlo de ropa, lo primero que tienes que meter es lo básico, que al ser lo primero irá a parar irremediablemente al fondo del mismo al no haber nada previo. Otra cosa ya es luego el uso que le des conforme pase el tiempo, que como tú dices al final lo que va al fondo es lo que menos se use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, el fondo de armario se refiere a lo primero que tienes que meter en el armario. La cuestión queda más clara cuando se establece el marco temporal (el primer instante de uso del armario, más que el uso continuado con el tiempo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T16:17:14.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19306" CreationDate="2017-01-10T16:30:55.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la séptima definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=fondo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fondo&lt;/a&gt; en la RAE se indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;caudal o conjunto de bienes que posee una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ropa es un bien económico, &lt;em&gt;de armario&lt;/em&gt; es mas que nada su ubicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entiende que cada persona tiene un armario, es por eso que se suele usar fondo de armario como personal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira de aplicar tu lógica contra la que acabo de describir pero usando otra expresión: &lt;em&gt;fondo de inversión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fondo que agrupa los capitales destinados a la inversión de una pluralidad de personas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aceptamos fondo de ropa destinado al uso de una persona como fondo de armario? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T20:13:44.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19301" CreationDate="2017-01-10T19:49:18.280" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hágalo&lt;/em&gt; is do it by yourself&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Hágaselo&lt;/em&gt; is do it to/for him/her&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Hazlo&lt;/em&gt; is just do it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Hágale&lt;/em&gt; is go ahead and do something.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-le&lt;/strong&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun can be omitted (hence is missing) since it would be too long to say &lt;em&gt;hágale usted pues&lt;/em&gt; but in some cases the answer to &lt;strong&gt;¡hágale pues!&lt;/strong&gt; could be &lt;strong&gt;No. Hágale usté&lt;sub&gt;d&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia this expression is used in the same way as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b7UzNzC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;upa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; usually to tell someone that is passive regarding some situation to go into action and do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mother to child at 6:00 am: &lt;em&gt;Mijo hágale pues levántese que lo coge la noche pa' ir al colegio&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Son, hurry wake up or you are going to be late for school&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wife to husband: &lt;em&gt;Hágale pues cambie el foco del baño que lleva quemado ocho días.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Honey, get up and change the bathroom light bulb that's been broken for a week&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other use is &lt;em&gt;on a dare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;child 1: &lt;em&gt;A que yo corro más que usted.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;I bet I'm faster than you&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;child 2: &lt;em&gt;¡Hágale pues! apostemos.&lt;/em&gt; (child 2 is accepting the challenge and starts running to prove it) &lt;strong&gt;Come on and put you money where your mouth is&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And lastly (and thanks to Rodrigo for reminding me) &lt;strong&gt;pues&lt;/strong&gt; is an interjection that helps express the sense of urgency or need for an immediate action. i.e &lt;strong&gt;¡Hágale!&lt;/strong&gt; is less urgent than &lt;strong&gt;¡Hágale pues!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T15:49:57.520" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T15:49:57.520" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17940" CreationDate="2017-01-11T03:42:02.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra hado es utilizada en la poesía para tratar de expresar algo inevitable y fatal y en general en sentido desgracia. Aunque es posible (y plausible) usarlo alegóricamente en sentido de gracia (el destino también puede traer bondades).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hado, al ser el destino, se usa también para dar otro nombre a la muerte como la consecuencia última. Por lo tanto debe de tener un matiz fatal a menos que la muerte misma sea un final deseado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuánto a la raíz de la palabra, curiosamente, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.mx/books/about/Compendio_de_teolog%C3%ADa.html?id=pG-Rm_iKglMC&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Compendio de teología&lt;/a&gt; (p. 181), los autores proponen que &lt;strong&gt;hado&lt;/strong&gt; proviene de la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;fandus&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;unde et fatum a fando est appelatum&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para finalizar, pongo algunos usos de &lt;em&gt;hado&lt;/em&gt; en poemas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Este que ves, engaño colorido,&#xA;que, del arte ostentando los primores,&#xA;con falsos silogismos de colores&#xA;es cauteloso engaño del sentido;&#xA;&#xA;éste, en quien la lisonja ha pretendido &#xA;excusar de los años los horrores,&#xA;y venciendo del tiempo los rigores&#xA;triunfar de la vejez y del olvido,&#xA;&#xA;es un vano artificio del cuidado,&#xA;es una flor al viento delicada,&#xA;es un resguardo inútil para el hado:&#xA;&#xA;es una necia diligencia errada,&#xA;es un afán caduco y, bien mirado,&#xA;es cadáver, es polvo, es sombra, es nada.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La estrella, el signo... ¡Ideal!&#xA;el Hado infausto... locura;&#xA;que para todo mortal&#xA;propicia, fácil, igual&#xA;en el mundo es la ventura.&#xA;Para el monarca opulento,&#xA;para el mendigo indigente &#xA;tiene la vida igualmente&#xA;un oportuno momento&#xA;de sonrisa complaciente. (frag.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Tan grande, ¡ay, hado!, mi delito ha sido&#xA;que por castigo de él o por tormento&#xA;no basta el que adelanta el pensamiento&#xA;sino el que le previenes al oído? (frag.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T03:42:02.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2017-01-11T13:52:17.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add another option, in Spanish (at least in Spain) you can use the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KzR4947&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ilusión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Esperanza cuyo cumplimiento parece especialmente atractivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it by saying that something &lt;em&gt;te hace ilusión&lt;/em&gt;. So, taking your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Me hace ilusión verte la semana que viene!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La graduación le hace mucha ilusión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué ilusión nos hace que vengas a vernos en Navidad!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, one of the meanings of &lt;em&gt;to excite&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;to cause feelings of enthusiasm in (someone)&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;hacer ilusión&lt;/em&gt; means roughly the same. You can also say &lt;em&gt;estar ilusionado&lt;/em&gt;, but the expression &lt;em&gt;hacer ilusión&lt;/em&gt; sounds more natural for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that not every instance of &lt;em&gt;excite&lt;/em&gt; can be translated this way. For instance, you can't use &lt;em&gt;ilusión&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;the movie was very exciting&lt;/em&gt;. The problem with &lt;em&gt;excite&lt;/em&gt; is that it implies &quot;to arouse an emotional response&quot;, but that emotion can be any. The direct translation (&lt;em&gt;excitar&lt;/em&gt;) carries a bit of a sexual meaning in Spain. So we try to translate it by using the particular feeling the original text refers to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T13:31:57.857" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:31:57.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19314" CreationDate="2017-01-11T14:55:35.863" Score="9" ViewCount="2317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de toparme con una entrada la mar de curiosa en el diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9iwVE2n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;‒́cola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-cŏla&lt;/em&gt;, de la raíz de &lt;em&gt;colĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'cultivar', 'habitar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'que cultiva o cría' o 'que habita en'. &lt;em&gt;Avícola, frutícola, arborícola, cavernícola.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que más me ha llamado la atención es el signo &lt;strong&gt;‒́&lt;/strong&gt;, que representa que el sufijo debe ir precedido obligatoriamente por una vocal acentuada. ¿Existe realmente este signo en el idioma español? ¿Qué nombre tiene? ¿Se usa en algún otro ámbito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:12:28.457" Title="¿Cómo se llama el símbolo ‒́?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19165" CreationDate="2017-01-11T15:58:27.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hubo un tiempo en el que a las fiestas nocturnas que incluían música y baile se les llamaba saraos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En aquellos saraos, era costumbre servir, transcurrido un tiempo prudencial desde la cena, que se hacía bastante más temprano que ahora, una serie de bocaditos, más que nada como entretenimiento. Los más elegantes eran los que combinaban lo dulce con lo salado: unos bollos de leche, o suizos, en miniatura, partidos a lo largo en dos mitades entre las que se ponía algo salado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos minibocadillos &lt;strong&gt;se servían en torno a la medianoche, y de ahí se pasó a llamarlos, justamente, medianoches.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añadamos que el plural de medianoche es &lt;strong&gt;medianoches&lt;/strong&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;mediasnoches&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: FundéuBBVA en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/medianoches-de-medianoche/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Medianoches de medianoche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la fuente citada el bollito se llama así porque se solía servir a medianoche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T08:58:03.710" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-01-11T15:58:27.750" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19312" CreationDate="2017-01-11T16:12:28.457" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recién me entero de la existencia de ese signo, el cual no parece tener un nombre particular, pero parece que es lo que manda la RAE, según consigna el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=guion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.2.1.&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe un guion delante de un segmento de palabra (sílaba, morfema, elemento compositivo, etc.) para indicar que va en&#xA;  posición final: &lt;em&gt;-illo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-idad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, si a la sílaba&#xA;  que precede a dicho segmento le corresponde llevar tilde, esta se&#xA;  colocará sobre el guion: &lt;em&gt;-´fago&lt;/em&gt; (litófago).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deduzco que se llamará, meramente, &quot;guion con tilde&quot;. De hecho, así se lo llama en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ida&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt;, en las pocas ocasiones en las que aparece. Cabe preguntarse desde cuándo manda la RAE acentuar el guion en estos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T16:12:28.457" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T18:52:44.597" Score="4" ViewCount="3437" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Staycation&lt;/code&gt; es un modismo anglosajón que combina &quot;stay&quot; (quedarse) y &quot;vacation&quot; (vacaciones). A veces también se usa &lt;code&gt;holystay&lt;/code&gt; que combina &quot;holydays&quot; (días festivos como Navidad o Pascua) y &quot;stay&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &lt;code&gt;staycation&lt;/code&gt; se usa para decir, &quot;He estado de vacaciones, pero en lugar de irme de viaje me he quedado donde vivo&quot;. Cuando uno está de &quot;staycation&quot; (o &quot;holystay&quot;, si resultan ser las vacaciones de Navidad o Pascua o similar y no &quot;&lt;em&gt;vuelves a casa por navidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como en aquel memorable anuncio del turrón) hace viajes de ida y vuelta en el día (vuelve a casa para dormir), visita los museos locales, quizá queda con los amigos de siempre ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos algunos modismos relacionados con las vacaciones, como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12397/5481&quot;&gt;estar de rodrigez&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, pero no me viene a la cabeza nada que implique &quot;estoy de vacaciones, disfrutando aquí donde vivo en lugar de ir de viaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un modismo o término en español que se use para lo mismo que &quot;staycation/holystay&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T11:15:16.603" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;staycation&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T21:00:44.620" Score="5" ViewCount="863" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am translating a website and &lt;code&gt;sweepstakes&lt;/code&gt; is a difficult word for me to be confident in translating. Does anyone have any suggestions? I was contemplating between &lt;code&gt;lotería&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;sorteo&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14660" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T21:51:49.357" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T06:55:03.500" Title="How do you say sweepstakes in Spanish for a website?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19317" CreationDate="2017-01-11T22:07:41.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think both of your proposals are good but I favor more &lt;code&gt;sorteo&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;lotería&lt;/code&gt; because &lt;code&gt;sorteo&lt;/code&gt; is more or less &amp;quot;we draw a winner from all the participants&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;lotería&amp;quot; has some connotations of a ticket you buy directly with money in order to participate in a &amp;quot;sorteo&amp;quot; of some kind to win the price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a regular &amp;quot;sorteo&amp;quot; you may enter just by sending a proof of purchase from an item (and I believe this is the term most companies use for these kind of rewards system with their products).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I'm sure that if we check their definitions in the DRAE, &amp;quot;lotería&amp;quot; uses &amp;quot;sorteo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;sorteo&amp;quot; uses &amp;quot;lotería&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By reading the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweepstakes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia description of &amp;quot;sweepstakes&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; I see that the term was coined for legal reasons. Thus, in other countries the terms &lt;code&gt;sorteo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;lotería de premios&lt;/code&gt; will do for the kind of contest a sweepstakes is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-04-22T06:55:03.500" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T06:55:03.500" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19321" CreationDate="2017-01-12T04:56:51.653" Score="9" ViewCount="2551" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/433/the-letter-k-in-spanish&quot;&gt;As this question points out&lt;/a&gt;, every Spanish word containing &quot;k&quot; is a loan word. Since Spanish already has &quot;qu&quot; to represent the same sound, why not simply omit the letter k? As I understand Spanish has a very tightly controlled orthography so it would seem that they would want to eliminate this kind of &quot;fluff,&quot; especially since it is only present in &quot;newer&quot; words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/433/the-letter-k-in-spanish&quot;&gt;The letter “k” in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; indica, todas los palabras españolas con &quot;k&quot; son de otros idiomas, porque el español ya tiene &quot;qu&quot; para representar el mismo sonido.&#xA;¿Por qué no se elimina la &quot;k&quot;? Según entiendo, el español tiene una ortografía muy regulada, así que yo pensaría que esta letra se eliminaría, especialmente porque solo está en palabras más nuevas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8690" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2019-09-05T13:29:53.530" Title="Why does the Spanish alphabet include &quot;k&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20521" CreationDate="2017-01-12T06:33:14.850" Score="11" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish Alta California the church held notable power. Immigrants who wanted to get ahead in society would undergo Catholic baptism, helping them qualify to marry or acquire land.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1818 a recently baptized foreigner in his early twenties served as godparent. The baptismal register is online but difficult to search in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://missions.huntington.org&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Early California Population Project Database&lt;/a&gt;. The officiating priest recorded that the godfather was at &lt;em&gt;diez meses de haver abradado de la religion Catolica&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;abradado&lt;/em&gt; could be a transcription error for &lt;em&gt;abracado&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;abrazado&lt;/em&gt;, synonyms, or &lt;em&gt;abrasado&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The priest also inserted the adjectival or titular term &lt;em&gt;Mocho&lt;/em&gt; in front of the godfather's name. According to the modern dictionaries I have at hand, this word suggests someone missing a limb -- though I don't think the guy was missing any body parts -- or someone acting falsely pious. Coming from a priest, this sounds like being an insult, and dare I say un-Christian. It could also be a term of art with other connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was the priest indicating to future readers of the baptismal register by marking the young man as &lt;em&gt;Mocho&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;APPENDIX. The database record in question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mission: San Carlos de Borromeo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Number: 03076&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Baptism Date: 7 Apr 1818&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Birthdate: 6 Apr 1818 &amp;quot;nacida del dia anterior como a las dos de la tarde&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Location: Capilla del Real Presidio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ethnicity: Razon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type: +&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sex: F&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Name: Pliego, Ysidora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Father: Pliego, Narciso from Jalapa en la nueva España, maestro de tela[...]os en la mision de la Soledad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mother: Briones, Agueda from Monterrey citado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Officiant: Amorós, Juan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Godparents: Buelna, Maria Hilaria; Mocho Bol[...], Jose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then with regard to the latter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Godparent name: Mocho Bol[...], Jose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Godparent type: Padrino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Godparent origin: Ruso, nacion de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Godparent comments: &amp;quot;diez meses de haver abradado de la religion Catolica&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Russian was Jose Antonio Bolcof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-10-05T23:03:44.490" Title="In 1818 California a priest calls a young godfather &quot;Mocho&quot;. Why?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19319" CreationDate="2017-01-12T07:54:38.513" Score="14" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Spanish version&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es cierto que la letra K esté solamente en palabras nuevas. Baste con mencionar el prefijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mh2vGHY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;kilo-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en palabras como &lt;em&gt;kilogramo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;kilómetro&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Este prefijo viene del griego antiguo &lt;em&gt;χίλιοι chílioi&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho, el español tiene la letra K porque la recibió de este idioma. A continuación transcribo (en español actual) lo que dice la primera ortografía de la lengua castellana (de 1741) sobre la letra K (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La letra K la tomaron los latinos de los griegos, y nosotros de los latinos [...]. Es de poquísimo uso, y se podría suplir con facilidad; pero &lt;strong&gt;no es intento de la Academia excluir letras, sino explicar el buen uso de las recibidas y admitidas en el abecedario&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez dicho esto, sí es cierto que la propia RAE dice que se puede sustituir por &lt;em&gt;qu-&lt;/em&gt; en algunos casos, como por ejemplo en el propio prefijo &lt;em&gt;kilo-&lt;/em&gt;, que dice que se puede sustituir por &lt;em&gt;quilo-&lt;/em&gt; en el caso de (por ejemplo), &lt;em&gt;quilocaloría&lt;/em&gt; (aunque aclara que este caso es poco usado), pero no así en el más moderno término &lt;em&gt;kilobyte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, resulta curioso saber que al final la RAE se acabó contradiciendo a sí misma. En la última edición de la ortografía &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QGqzSqWBIVSDJbDK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;podemos leer&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante un tiempo, &lt;strong&gt;de 1815 a 1869, la ortografía académica llegó incluso a excluir la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; del abecedario del español&lt;/strong&gt;, de modo que para representar el fonema /k/ debían emplearse en exclusiva, según los casos, la letra &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; o el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;. Por esa razón, muchos préstamos de otras lenguas cuyo étimo se escribe o se transcribe con &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; se adaptaron al español con &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;, tendencia a la adaptación que se ha mantenido a lo largo del tiempo, también tras la reincorporación de la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; al abecedario: &lt;em&gt;cacatúa&lt;/em&gt; (del malayo &lt;em&gt;kakatūwa&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;canguro&lt;/em&gt; (del fr. &lt;em&gt;kangourou&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;cinc&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;zinc&lt;/em&gt; (del al. &lt;em&gt;Zink&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;cococha&lt;/em&gt; (del eusk. &lt;em&gt;kokotxa&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;disquete&lt;/em&gt; (del ingl. &lt;em&gt;diskette&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;esmoquin&lt;/em&gt; (del ingl. &lt;em&gt;smoking&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que sí, efectivamente la K llegó a desaparecer del abecedario español durante el siglo XIX, aunque fue readmitida más tarde. No he podido encontrar ninguna explicación de por qué fue readmitida. Simplemente, en la undécima edición de 1869 del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; se puede leer lo siguiente en la entrada correspondiente a la letra K:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Duodécima letra del alfabeto castellano, y novena de las consonantes. Ha estado en desuso por espacio de bastantes años, [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que en la edición anterior (la décima, correspondiente a 1852), se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta letra, que se ha contado hasta hace pocos años como perteneciente a nuestro abecedario, solo se usa en algunas voces tomadas de otros idiomas, y aun en estas se puede suplir [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English version&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not true that the K letter is only present in new words. Think about every word starting with the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mh2vGHY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;kilo-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; prefix, such as &lt;em&gt;kilogramo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;kilómetro&lt;/em&gt;. This prefix comes from Old Greek &lt;em&gt;χίλιοι chílioi&lt;/em&gt;. In fact, the Spanish language has the letter K because it was inherited from Latin, which in turn inherited it from Old Greek. Following is an excerpt from the &lt;em&gt;Orthographía española&lt;/em&gt; from 1741 (bold emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Latins took the letter K from the Greeks, as we took it from the formers [...]. It is very seldom used, and could be substituted easily, but &lt;strong&gt;it is not the intention of the Academia to remove letter, but to explain how to use the received and admitted ones&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This said, it is true that the RAE admits that it can be substituted by &lt;em&gt;qu-&lt;/em&gt; in same cases, as in the previous example: you can write &lt;em&gt;quilogramo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quilocaloría&lt;/em&gt;, but in other cases you cannot, as in the modern term &lt;em&gt;kilobyte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, fun fact: the letter K was indeed removed from the alphabet by the RAE, contradicting itself. You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QGqzSqWBIVSDJbDK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;read this&lt;/a&gt; in the last version of &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (bold emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Between 1815 and 1869, the academic orthography even removed the &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; from the Spanish alphabet&lt;/strong&gt;, so in order to represent the /k/ sound you had to use the letter &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; or the digraph &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;, according to the case. Thus, many loan words that were written with &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; were adapted with &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;, and this bias was sustained along time, even after the K was readmitted to the alphabet: &lt;em&gt;cacatúa&lt;/em&gt; (from Malay &lt;em&gt;kakatūwa&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;canguro&lt;/em&gt; (from French &lt;em&gt;kangourou&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;cinc&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;zinc&lt;/em&gt; (from German &lt;em&gt;Zink&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;cococha&lt;/em&gt; (from Euskera &lt;em&gt;kokotxa&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;disquete&lt;/em&gt; (from English &lt;em&gt;diskette&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;esmoquin&lt;/em&gt; (from English &lt;em&gt;smoking&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, the letter K was removed from the Spanish alphabet in the XIX century, but was readmitted later. I cannot find any reason as to why the RAE readmitted the letter K, but in the 11th edition of the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, from 1869, you can read this in the entry for the letter K:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;12th letter of the Spanish alphabet, and the 9th consonant. It has been in disuse for several years, [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whereas in the previous edition (10th edition, from 1852) you can read this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This letter belonged to our alphabet until recently, but is used only in load words and even in those words it can be substituted [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Images&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following image is taken from the &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, 8th edition from 1815. You can see that the letter K is missing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zy8cn.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zy8cn.png&quot; alt=&quot;Spanish alphabet from 1815&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following image is taken from the &lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, edition from 1870. You can see that the letter K is once more present in the alphabet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pi8e1.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pi8e1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Spanish alphabet from 1870&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Book scans available through &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hathitrust.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HathiTrust&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T16:23:40.560" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T16:23:40.560" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T10:14:47.930" Score="3" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the grammatical structure of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se te ve tan diferente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; answered in &lt;a href=&quot;https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20121108135053AAQdDFe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How do you say &quot;You look so different&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;se&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passive form &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; + 3rd person present&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se ve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for a general statement like &quot;se dice&quot;? or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is just for emphasis like &quot;se comió todos los platos por el mismo!&quot;? or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indirect object to mean to someone? or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Something else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;te&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this part of a reflexive verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;verse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? If so, &quot;me ve bien&quot; means &quot;I look well&quot; like &quot;va bien&quot; = &quot;I am good&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I believe &lt;strong&gt;ver&lt;/strong&gt; is to look something which takes a direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Update&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having found &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/933&quot;&gt;Usage of “ver(se)” for “to seem/look” (te ves, se te ve, te veo, etc.)&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is impersonal to make it general idea, but still not sure about &lt;strong&gt;te ve&lt;/strong&gt; especially &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;. Is it basically a reflexive verb &lt;strong&gt;verse&lt;/strong&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T15:45:25.697" Title="What is the grammatical decomposition of &quot;Se te ve tan diferente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19322" CreationDate="2017-01-12T11:10:35.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;clitic&lt;/em&gt; personal pronoun used in impersonal sentences in Spanish. It also can be used in some kind of passive sentences, called &quot;&lt;em&gt;pasivas reflejas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but it's not the case. &lt;br&gt;The way to distinguish both of them is kind of tricky, but we know that &quot;&lt;em&gt;Se te ve tan diferente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is an impersonal sentence because we can say the same with &quot;&lt;em&gt;Se ve tan diferente a ti&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (although it doesn't sound very well). And as the RAE (Royal Spanish Academy) states &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HERE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;If the nominal element refers to a person and it's preceded by the 'a' preposition, the impersonal contruction must be used; so, the verb will be in singular form even the nominal element is in plural form.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; references &quot;you&quot; in that phrase, so it's what we call a &quot;&lt;em&gt;objeto directo de persona&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Spanish (something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;personal direct object&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14665" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T11:10:35.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T13:55:59.450" Score="0" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware that this question may be on the verge of Offtopicland, but I am very curious about something regarding these two numbers. Here's the story...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was learning Japanese (a long time ago in a galaxy far far away), my Japanese teacher told us that she had a hard time trying to tell apart the numbers &quot;seis&quot; and &quot;siete&quot; when she was learning Spanish, because both sounded quite similar to her. The whole class bursted in laughter (as that was her main purpose, to tell a funny story), and I do not know why I kept that anecdote in my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time passed and now I am a father with a two-year-old son, and every time he tries to count to ten, he always skips &quot;siete&quot; and goes from &quot;seis&quot; to &quot;ocho&quot;, which reminded me what my Japanese teacher told us that day. Maybe he skips &quot;siete&quot; because of the phonetical similarity of the two numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We (the Spanish speakers) are not aware of that (as far as I know), so I would like to ask any Spanish language learner present here: do &quot;seis&quot; and &quot;siete&quot; really have such a phonetical similarity as to pose a challenge to you? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe this question is not addressed to those who speak a similar language. English also has &quot;six&quot; and &quot;seven&quot; with the same potential similarity, as have other close languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T14:47:22.300" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T01:16:21.580" Title="Are &quot;seis&quot; and &quot;siete&quot; phonetically similar to the Spanish language learners?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19324" CreationDate="2017-01-12T14:31:09.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a teacher of Spanish for Polish learners, I can tell you I have noticed they do make mistakes with &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;siete&lt;/em&gt; in A1 and A2 levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then they make other mistakes like &lt;em&gt;quinientos&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;cincuenta&lt;/em&gt;, etc., but I would consider this is another kind of &quot;paradigm mistake&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, the case with &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;siete&lt;/em&gt; seems to be a mistake produced by phonetical reasons, I would hypothesize. My guess: both begin with /s/ followed by a dyphthong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these are just my guesses based on my experience :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T14:31:09.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18910" CreationDate="2017-01-12T14:31:13.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;a) &quot;¿Se puede decir que la oración condicional depende de la oración completiva?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no diría que la oración condicional depende de la oración completiva. Yo diría que ambas son la misma: &#xA;&lt;code&gt;&quot;lo que él le hubiera respondido a ella si lo quisiera de verdad&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) ¿Se puede aplicar los términos &lt;em&gt;apódosis&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;prótasis&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí se pueden aplicar. En concreto, la prótasis es &lt;code&gt;&quot;lo quisiera de verdad&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, y la apódosis es &lt;code&gt;&quot;lo que él le hubiera respondido&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prótasis: Es la parte de la oración condicional que introduce la hipótesis, suele ir precedida por la conjunción si.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apódosis: Indica la consecuencia de lo expresado por la condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. La oración (subordinada sustantiva o) completiva es &lt;code&gt;&quot;lo que él le hubiera respondido a ella si lo quisiera de verdad.&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A.1. Razón: como indica aquí (&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/o/ORACI%C3%93N%20COMPLETIVA.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oración completiva&lt;/a&gt;): &quot;Para reconocer la función que desempeña en una oración compleja la oración subordinada sustantiva, se puede sustituir por un sustantivo o un sintagma nominal, por un pronombre demostrativo neutro o por el pronombre personal lo (o 'eso').&quot;&#xA;--&gt; &lt;code&gt;&quot;Escribió una nota, imaginándose ESO&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A.2. También podría escribirse como &quot;Escribió una nota, imaginándose qué él le hubiera respondido a ella si lo quisiera de verdad.&quot;. En esta forma, 'qué' es un adverbio interrogativo más típico de las subordinadas sustantivas (completivas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Oración condicional: &quot;lo que él le hubiera respondido, si le quisiera de verdad&quot;, equivalente a &quot;si le quisiera de verdad, él le hubiera respondido esto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplificándola como &quot;si X, Y&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;X (prótasis) (&lt;code&gt;&quot;le quisiera de verdad&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) es una oración subordinada condicional de Y (apódosis) (&lt;code&gt;&quot;él le hubiera respondido esto&quot;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, en los enunciados condicionales, la subordinada antecede a la principal: &lt;code&gt;Si no vas a venir&lt;/code&gt; (prótasis), &lt;code&gt;avísame antes&lt;/code&gt; (apódosis). Las oraciones condicionales pueden ser de dos tipos:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1.1.1. &quot;reales&quot;. Se denominan así porque la condición expresada es un hecho posible o realizable. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1.1.2. &quot;irreales&quot;. Se denominan así porque la condición expresada se considera no realizada en el pasado, e irrealizable o improbable en el presente o en el futuro. El verbo de la prótasis va en subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caso a&lt;/strong&gt;) Si la condición se refiere al presente o al futuro, la prótasis va en pretérito imperfecto o copretérito de subjuntivo y la apódosis en condicional simple o pospretérito: &lt;code&gt;Si me tocara/tocase la lotería, me compraría un coche&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;caso b) Si la condición se refiere al pasado, la prótasis va en pretérito pluscuamperfecto o antepretérito de subjuntivo y en la apódosis se emplea este mismo tiempo, preferentemente la forma en -ra, aunque también se admite la forma en -se: &lt;code&gt;Si hubiera/hubiese tenido dinero, me hubiera/hubiese comprado un coche&lt;/code&gt;; el condicional compuesto o antepospretérito: &lt;code&gt;Si hubieras/hubieses estudiado, habrías aprobado&lt;/code&gt;; o el condicional simple o pospretérito: &lt;code&gt;Si hubiera/hubiese terminado los estudios, hoy tendría un trabajo mejor&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/cauce/pdf/cauce20-21/cauce20-21_33.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Interdependencia en sintaxis&lt;/a&gt;. Respecto a la dependencia que aprecias, si te refieres a la dependencia entre la oración condicional y la oración &lt;strong&gt;compleja&lt;/strong&gt; (no la completiva), en la página 712 del vínculo comenta el caso de las oraciones condicionales como uno de los casos de interdependencia (o interordinación, como sugiere que sea denominado, por eufonía). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a mi parecer, según has formulado tu pregunta, entiendo que la oración condicional y la completiva son la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T14:31:13.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19332" CreationDate="2017-01-12T16:36:41.537" Score="2" ViewCount="3680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried to use &lt;code&gt;importar&lt;/code&gt; in a sentence like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre importa mucho por mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí importa los diamantes muchos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentences above shall be equivalent to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My mother matters much for me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The diamonds matters a lot to me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the proper use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14669" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T20:38:37.687" Title="How to use &quot;importar&quot; as &quot;matters to someone&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19327" CreationDate="2017-01-12T19:28:52.333" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Importar is a reflexive verb.  If something matters to me, &quot;me importa.&quot;  If the weather matters to my wife, &quot;la clima se importa a mi esposa.&quot;  If it doesn't matter to me, &quot;no me importa.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Editting due to comment left by Nox - thank you for the feedback. I'm always open to learning.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Importar is like the word gustar.  The item to which you're referring (la clima, el libro, mi novia) is the subject and importar is the verb.  So first and second person conjugations of this verb I think would be rare.  This may be used with the &quot;reflexive a&quot; as in &quot;importa a mi'&quot; or the other method (I don't know what it's called) &quot;me importa.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer - Spanish is my second language - I learned the basics in a classroom and &quot;learned to speak&quot; while living in Central America for quite a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm not sure where the error in my weather example is, but if I were to correct that statement, I would say &quot;la clima se la importa a mi esposa&quot;, but further clarification is welcome.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14670" LastEditorUserId="14670" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T20:10:34.437" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T20:10:34.437" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T19:46:04.180" Score="0" ViewCount="782" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google translate the other day decided that &quot;oa&quot; was an alternate form of &quot;o&quot; translating from English. Is &quot;oa&quot; valid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14659" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T16:34:55.320" Title="Can &quot;oa&quot; be used as a substitute for &quot;o&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19331" CreationDate="2017-01-12T20:11:17.193" Score="3" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was told that when trying/tasting food, you should use &quot;pruébalo&quot; and not &quot;trátalo&quot;, but I don't understand the difference between the two. Can someone explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14671" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T20:34:17.793" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T16:13:27.527" Title="Difference between &quot;probar&quot; and &quot;tratar&quot;, especially relating to food?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19330" CreationDate="2017-01-12T20:16:46.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Probar&lt;/strong&gt; is to &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;strong&gt;tratar&lt;/strong&gt; is to &lt;em&gt;attempt&lt;/em&gt;.  &quot;Pruébalo&quot; is telling someone to &quot;test&quot; it, or to taste it, while &quot;Trátalo&quot; is telling someone to attempt to do it.  Does this make sense, or is further clarification needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14670" LastEditorUserId="13575" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T06:46:08.697" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T06:46:08.697" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19327" CreationDate="2017-01-12T20:38:37.687" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importar&lt;/strong&gt; has two main meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intransitive verb equivalent to &lt;em&gt;matter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transitive verb equivalent to &lt;em&gt;bring inside&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;import&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a transitive the construction admits the &lt;em&gt;objeto directo&lt;/em&gt;. e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mi madre importa productos europeos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject (mother) acts (imports) over something (European goods)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question, however, is about the usage when it is intransitive. The catch is that intransitive verbs (the same happens in English) do not allow objects. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo &lt;strong&gt;camino&lt;/strong&gt; (I walk)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no thing I could act upon with the act of walking: I just walk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if we used the form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mi madre &lt;strong&gt;importa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that &lt;em&gt;mother&lt;/em&gt; is important by herself. There is no one else involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to use &lt;strong&gt;importa&lt;/strong&gt; to express that someone is important to someone else we need to add a pronoun from the following list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me, te, nos, os, se, (le, les)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus we need to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; importa&lt;/b&gt; mucho (she is very &lt;b&gt;important &lt;em&gt;to me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; importan&lt;/b&gt; mucho los diamantes (they are very &lt;b&gt;important &lt;em&gt;to me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referring to another person we could write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi madre &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; importo&lt;/b&gt; mucho (I am very &lt;b&gt;important &lt;em&gt;to her&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; importa&lt;/b&gt; si hablamos de otra cosa? (Does it matter/would you mind if we talked about another subject?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; importa&lt;/b&gt; el lugar (the place is unimportant)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt; can be used as an adjective. e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre es &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt; para mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los diamantes son &lt;strong&gt;importantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lugar no es &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T20:38:37.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19329" CreationDate="2017-01-13T00:41:52.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;oa&lt;/em&gt; is not an Spanish word.&#xA;It seems that oa is the name of a game in Honduras but it's not used anywhere else, and it doesn't have anything to do with &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;I guess it's a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T00:41:52.533" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19330" CreationDate="2017-01-13T02:02:59.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trátalo&quot; does not mean &quot;Try to do it.&quot; Instead, it means &quot;Treat him,&quot; or even &quot;Deal with it,&quot; as in: Trátalo bien (Treat him gently) or Trátalo en la próxima reunión (Deal with it -- some matter -- in next meeting). To say &quot;Try to do it,&quot; or &quot;Make a try/an attempt,&quot; you have to say &quot;Inténtalo.&quot; However, you could use &quot;Trata&quot; to mean &quot;Make a try.&quot; The pronoun &quot;-lo&quot; makes all the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T10:42:30.307" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T10:42:30.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19316" CreationDate="2017-01-13T02:43:06.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uno de los significados de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;vacation&lt;/strong&gt; es precisamente viajar o pasar un &lt;em&gt;tiempo lejos de casa&lt;/em&gt;. A pesar de que en inglés, otro significado es el de &lt;em&gt;un intervalo de tiempo durante el cual no se trabaja&lt;/em&gt;; parece ser que es común en inglés asociar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;vacation&lt;/strong&gt; en el sentido de estar lejos de casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;vacación&lt;/strong&gt; no tiene ninguna acepción en la cual sea sinónimo de viaje o &lt;em&gt;estar lejos de casa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Vacaciones&lt;/strong&gt; significa simplemente, el intervalo de tiempo durante el cual no se trabaja o estudia. Se pueden hacer muchas cosas durante este intervalo además de viajar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿Qué harás en las vacaciones?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¿Yo?... Estudiaré. ¿Y tú?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¡Ah! Yo iré a Sudamérica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, las fórmulas similares a &lt;strong&gt;vacaciones en casa&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;vacaciones caseras&lt;/strong&gt; son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en español también existe el término &lt;strong&gt;vacacionar&lt;/strong&gt; cuyo significado siempre tiene adherido el sentido de viajar. No es necesario, en mi opinión, que el viaje sea largo aunque si que sea fuera del lugar de residencia. Tampoco es necesario que se trasnoche en el lugar alterno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, el término &lt;strong&gt;staycation&lt;/strong&gt; utiliza el recurso de la retórica para unir dos términos opuestos y hacer énfasis en el hecho de que uno se quedará en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos aplicar el sentido irónico de la frase en inglés podríamos decir también &lt;strong&gt;vacacionar en casa&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;vacacionar en la ciudad&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Krauss, ¿A dónde irás de vacaciones?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Voy a vacacionar en Tijuana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¡Hombre! Al menos tienes que ir a Tecate &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T11:15:16.603" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T11:15:16.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15805" CreationDate="2017-01-13T03:35:45.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the given responses already answer the question. However, as there is still some misunderstanding I'll add some context around the original statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caminábamos por la calle Alejandría; al pasar por el edificio en ruinas que estaba en la esquina con Venecia mi padre dijo con tristeza: eso que ves ahí, alguna vez fue una escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eso&lt;/strong&gt; agrees with &lt;strong&gt;edificio en ruinas&lt;/strong&gt;. At the very moment when this is being said the &lt;strong&gt;edificio en ruinas&lt;/strong&gt; is no longer a school. Thus, in this case it &lt;b&gt;cannot be &lt;em&gt;esa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, gender agreement is not necessary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vimos la casa destruida mi padre dijo: &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt; que ves ahí fue una casa muy hermosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We indeed are referring about &lt;strong&gt;la casa&lt;/strong&gt;. We are allowed to say &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt; because we are giving the house an indeterminate character. It's &lt;strong&gt;la casa&lt;/strong&gt; but it is also &lt;strong&gt;un desastre&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;un desperdicio&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;un atentado contra la estética&lt;/strong&gt; or any other meaning you could imagine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can always say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vimos la casa destruida mi padre dijo: &lt;strong&gt;esa&lt;/strong&gt; que ves ahí fue una casa muy hermosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case we are deeming the house exactly as house and nothing else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if we refer to women there are some differences. For example, if we are referring to an old woman you must say (to stay polite):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esa&lt;/strong&gt; fue una mujer muy bonita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the woman was never masculine unless it's a trans-gender in which case it's correct to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ese&lt;/strong&gt; fue una mujer muy bonita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if we wanted to be pejorative we would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eso&lt;/strong&gt; fue una mujer muy bonita (extremely rude and impolite)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a final note, let me add that a writer (or a speaker) has (in Spanish) plenty of resources to give a special hint when trying to communicate with others. I don't really know if this is too subtle for a non-native but I would say that a non-native Spanish speaker that is able to handle these subtleties has an advanced command of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-01-14T00:08:40.057" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T00:08:40.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19954" CreationDate="2017-01-13T12:40:00.347" Score="3" ViewCount="2900" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intentando buscar el origen de la palabra &quot;peseta&quot; en su sentido despectivo y obsceno, me he topado con una pequeña confusión. Os cuento lo que llevo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empecemos por la definición de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sn1lzAO#32yov2L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer la peseta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. vulg. Dar un corte de mangas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí llegamos a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B21cQlz#1DixjQT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corte de manga&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;corte de mangas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. vulgs. Ademán de significado obsceno y despectivo que se hace con la mano, a veces extendiendo el dedo corazón entre el índice y el anular doblados. A la vez se levanta el brazo doblado y se golpea en él con la otra mano. &lt;em&gt;Dar, hacer un corte de mangas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el sentido que yo entiendo como &quot;hacer la peseta&quot;, que es extendiendo el dedo corazón por encima del resto de dedos plegados. Buscando por qué se le dio a este gesto el nombre de &quot;peseta&quot;, encuentro que José María Iribarren, en su libro &lt;em&gt;El porqué de los dichos&lt;/em&gt;, explica que proviene del reverso de peseta columnaria, equivalente a cinco reales, donde aparece la columna de Gades. Según su análisis, de la semejanza entre esta figura y el dedo en posición vertical nació la expresión que ha llegado hasta nuestros días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, Francisco Rodríguez Marín escribe: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Véase la peseta columnaria de las que valen cinco reales; repárese la disposición en que están figurados en el reverso los dos mundos y la columna de Gades y se notará que medianamente lo semeja la mano en la actitud sobredicha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí es donde me hallo atascado. La imagen de la peseta columnaria que encuentro es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YeVZj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YeVZj.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Peseta columnaria&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La imagen representa los dos mundos bajo una misma corona, efectivamente, pero no tiene una columna sino dos. Mis dudas son, pues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me estoy equivocando de moneda? Una búsqueda en Google Imágenes de &quot;peseta columnaria&quot; o &quot;peseta columnaria cinco reales&quot; da esta imagen como resultado entre otras, pero esta es la que más se parece a la descripción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿La expresión &quot;hacer la peseta&quot; podría referirse originalmente al gesto de hacer los cuernos? La imagen parece representar este gesto mucho mejor, con las columnas representando los dedos índice y meñique. Sin embargo, las expresiones &quot;hacer la peseta&quot; o &quot;corte de mangas&quot; son de inserción reciente en el DRAE (finales del siglo XX), así que no tengo significados previos como referencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no puedo encontrar ninguna referencia a la expresión ni en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; ni en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/index.vm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional&lt;/a&gt;. Así que se me ocurre que pueda ser una expresión en realidad bastante reciente como para asociarla a una moneda del siglo XVIII. ¿Existe alguna otra teoría sobre el origen de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T03:27:46.080" Title="¿Cuál es el origen exacto de la expresión &quot;hacer la peseta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19330" CreationDate="2017-01-13T15:47:50.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usage examples for &lt;em&gt;probar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning &quot;try&quot; as in &quot;test&quot;, &quot;sample&quot;, &quot;check (out)&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tienes que probar esta receta.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;You have to try this recipe.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pruebe nuestro nuevo servicio de envío a domicilio&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Try our new home delivery service.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Ya probaste apagándolo y volviéndolo a encender?&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Did you already try turning it off and on again?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning &quot;prove&quot;, &quot;demonstrate&quot; (synonym: &lt;em&gt;comprobar&lt;/em&gt;):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es inocente hasta que se pruebe lo contrario.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;(S/H)e's innocent until proven otherwise.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pruebe que x &amp;lt; y para todo x &gt; 1.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Prove that x &amp;lt; y for all x &gt; 1.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage examples for &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning &quot;try&quot; as in &quot;attempt&quot; (syn. &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt;):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trataré de llegar temprano.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'll try to arrive early.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No trates de hacer esto en casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Don't try [to do] this at home.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning &quot;treat&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los desechos no fueron tratados.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The waste products were not treated.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo va a tratar un médico famoso.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;A famous doctor is going to treat him.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me trataron con remedios naturales.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They treated me with natural medicines.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trátame con el debido respeto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Treat me with due respect.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; (as in &quot;attempt&quot;) is usually employed in the pattern &lt;em&gt;tratar de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive, or else as an intransitive verb, while its synonym &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; is more like &quot;attempt&quot; in that it can take a noun as direct object. It can also be followed an infinitive or it can take a phrase with the preposition &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No intenten esto en casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Don't try this at home.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Intenta verlo desde otro punto de vista.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Try seeing this from another point of view.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a intentar con este otro.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm try with this other one.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In certain contexts &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; contrasts with &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; basically in that &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; suggests an effort to accomplish something, while &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; suggests just going for it. &lt;em&gt;Ni lo intentes.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Don't even try.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T15:47:50.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19330" CreationDate="2017-01-13T16:13:27.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tratar&quot; is &quot;To try&quot;.&quot;Please at least try to come to my party&quot;, &quot;Por favor al menos trata de venir a mi fiesta&quot;. &#xA;It's to do something with an intention. It's also used with actions, so you use it with verbs. You don't use tratar with things (like foods).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(When you use &quot;Tratar&quot; on a person or on a thing means &quot;to treat&quot; like &quot;Trátame con respeto&quot; is &quot;Treat me with respect&quot;, or &quot;Por favor tratar con cuidado&quot;, &quot;Please treat carefully&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Probar&quot; is &#xA;&quot;to try to do &quot;, &#xA;or &quot;to taste &quot; &#xA;or &quot;to test &quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Purpose of &quot;probar&quot; sometimes is not only to do something, but to gain knowledge about what happens when you do it, or what's you opinion about that action, or about that food. &#xA;&quot;Probá ese programa antes de enviarlo al cliente&quot;, &quot;Test that programme before sending it to the client&quot;. You don't use it because you need it but because you have to check it works before you send it to a client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Probá esa masa, me parece que le falta sal&quot;, &quot;Taste that dough I think it needs salt&quot;. I don't need you to eat it is just that I need your opinion.&#xA;&quot;Probá vos, a mí no me funciona&quot;, &quot;You try, but is not working for me&quot;. I need you to test something because I need to know your results.&#xA;&quot;Probamos con un destornillador, pero no funcionó&quot;, &quot;We tried by using a screwdriver, but didn't work&quot;. We have a problem, we're trying possible solutions.&#xA;&quot;Probá con el segundo si el primero no funciona&quot;, &quot;Try the second one if first doesn't work&quot; We have alternatives, so let's try another one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps, I'm from Argentina, Spanish is my first language :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14678" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T16:13:27.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19340" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19343" CreationDate="2017-01-13T20:00:02.457" Score="1" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence &quot;Ella camina sola.&quot; the adjective &quot;sola&quot; is used like an adverb. What is the grammar rule that permits this use of adjectives? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This use seems different from the typical predicative adjective form, since &quot;camina&quot; is not a linking verb like e.g. &quot;be&quot;, &quot;become&quot;, &quot;appear&quot; or &quot;taste&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14680" LastEditorUserId="14680" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T20:28:56.940" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T21:24:21.233" Title="Adverbial use of adjectives in Spanish" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19342" CreationDate="2017-01-13T20:34:41.387" Score="2" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que en la frase &amp;quot;Atrapar pelotas es divertido&amp;quot; , &lt;code&gt;pelotas&lt;/code&gt; &amp;quot;es el sujeto, &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; es el verbo, y &lt;code&gt;divertido&lt;/code&gt;, si entiendo bien, sería un complemento predicativo. Ahora, ¿qué función sintáctica tiene &lt;code&gt;atrapar&lt;/code&gt; en esta frase? ¿Qué es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-19T17:08:44.393" LastActivityDate="2020-06-19T17:09:57.893" Title="¿Qué función sintáctica tiene &quot;atrapar&quot; en la frase &quot;Atrapar pelotas es divertido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19341" CreationDate="2017-01-13T20:51:02.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde luego &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; es el verbo, pero no es &amp;quot;pelotas&amp;quot; lo que es divertido, sino &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;atrapar&lt;/strong&gt; pelotas&amp;quot;, luego le estamos dando a un verbo (en infinitivo) un uso que no es de verbo. ¿Es esto posible? &lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El infinitivo en español ejerce funciones de SUSTANTIVO y por lo tanto puede funcionar como sujeto, complemento del verbo o modificador de nombre, adjetivo o adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto en esa oración &amp;quot;atrapar&amp;quot; funciona como un sustantivo, igual que &amp;quot;pelotas&amp;quot;, y el sujeto es &amp;quot;atrapar pelotas&amp;quot; y no solo &amp;quot;pelotas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://fis.ucalgary.ca/AVal/505/AGUsosInfinitivo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Usos del infinitivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-19T17:09:57.893" LastActivityDate="2020-06-19T17:09:57.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19340" CreationDate="2017-01-13T21:24:21.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The adjective in this case is a kind of predicative complement (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_predicativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento predicativo&lt;/a&gt;). It does double duty as an adverbial complement to the verb and as a qualifier to the noun. It is optional: you can remove it and the sentence will still be grammatical. When present, it will agree with the noun (or noun phrase) it modifies, which doesn't have to be the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modifying the &lt;strong&gt;subject&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él duerme desnudo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He sleeps naked.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los niños volvieron cansados.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The children came back tired.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modifying the &lt;strong&gt;direct object&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vendimos muy barato el auto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;We sold the car very cheap.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encontré tirada una billetera.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I found a wallet [that had been] dropped [on the floor].&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modifying the &lt;strong&gt;indirect object&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se aprovecharon de ella dormida.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They took advantage of her [while she was] asleep.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in the English translations there are some instances where I had to insert the verb &quot;be&quot;. This is a clue to what's happening in there. In fact a linking verb could be inserted (if clumsily) into all of the translations. Implicitly the verb argument is being predicated on by &quot;be&quot;, &quot;become&quot;, or &quot;appear&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to think of verbs that allow or disallow these complements but I'm not finding anything. If the verb allows adverbs as complements it will allow these predicative complements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T21:24:21.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19344" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-13T22:38:59.033" Score="7" ViewCount="1837" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on a large website where we have begun the process of globalizing all of our website copy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we provided our English copy to our translator, they gave us Spanish resource files denoted as &quot;es-419&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;, it looks as though this copy can apply to any country within &quot;Latin America and The Caribbean&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, would it be &quot;offensive&quot; to show this particular type of Spanish copy to someone outside of Latin America and the Caribbean? Should we request separate copy for say Spanish-Spain or Spanish-Castilian (language code es-ES)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14682" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T19:39:18.300" LastActivityDate="2021-05-07T01:45:15.447" Title="Is using Spanish from Latin America and The Caribbean (es-419) in a website appropriate to show outside that area?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19344" CreationDate="2017-01-14T00:29:11.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think offensive is too much, to me it would be just strange to read it. Also it would be clear to every spanish that you did a translation using Latin America &quot;standards&quot;, there are enough differences to assure this. On the other hand there are not enough differences to not understand it, except some strange words I think it would be perfectly understandable for spanish people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other thing is if you know for sure that a considerable amount of users would be spanish. In that case you shouldn't use that translation, but do a specific one.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As I said, there are enough differences to make it hard to read. It depends on the specific cases (since it changes between south american countries too) but at the least it'd be unpleasant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's my case, but yeah, of course there are always... well, I don't know how to say this in english and still being diplomatic... people that thinks that a language is a static thing that shouldn't change for eons, instead of a mean of communication between changing humans? Something like that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So, yeah, you could offend that type of people, but personally I wouldn't bother about it except we are talking about a lot of money.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In any other case I would bother about the majority of my users: if your web will be read by a lot of spanish people, I'd do more translations; if not, I wouldn't bother, they will understand it anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T00:29:11.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19344" CreationDate="2017-01-14T01:30:44.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer&lt;/strong&gt;: It is not offensive. Nonetheless, we prefer our own regional dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least, I don't get offended (I'm American) when reading a web site that was written for Spain; the problem is more subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is a pretty well standardized language. People from one region can understand (easily) people from any other region. However, we are regionalist. For example, for Mexicans, it is completely natural to hear a Spanish talking like a Spaniard; but we consider very unnatural listening to a Mexican trying to speak like a Spaniard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In writing the problem is even less important. if you avoid slang, there are only minor differences. But it depends on what are your target readers; if they are Spanish, it's best if you use the es-ES resource file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referring to Latin-America you have the same problem; there are many different regional variations so there can't be a es-419. In fact, it is the first time I hear about such a thing (but I'm not a web site specialist.) There can be resources like es-MX or es-AR; there is even es-US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I know is that it is possible to put all the resources into a web site and then the server will detect the region  of the reader and provide the right translation. Most of the times it is not practical to provide all the variations of the language to your web site so you have to provide those that you have. What is presented when you don't have the correct region or language depends on the configuration of the server (how it is done is not the scope of this site and, of course, it's not what you are asking.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many times, the differences are minor. Other times there are differences; for example the word &lt;strong&gt;hyperlink&lt;/strong&gt; in México is &lt;strong&gt;hiperliga&lt;/strong&gt;; in Spain is &lt;strong&gt;hipervínculo&lt;/strong&gt;. So if your budget can handle it, I would recommend, at least:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es-ES&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one North-American version (e.g. es-MX, es-US)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one South-American version (for example es-AR, es-CO, es-CL.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more you have, the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend you to ask this in another site like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt; or  &lt;a href=&quot;https://webmasters.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Webmasters&lt;/a&gt; so you can get the attention of web site developers and administrators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2021-05-07T01:45:15.447" LastActivityDate="2021-05-07T01:45:15.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2045" CreationDate="2017-01-14T03:38:04.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vení, meas &quot;come&quot; in imperative, that is used in many of pleces in central and south america, for example I'm from Venezuela, Maracaibo, and if you come here some day, you'll hear to the people saing: Vení, because the peple here use &quot;vos&quot; and not &quot;tú&quot;. Well, we use &quot;tú&quot;, but is more frequent say &quot;vos&quot; &#xA; note: I'm learning english, sorry for the mistake. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14684" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T03:38:04.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2017-01-14T11:16:12.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Tijuana, México we call the kitchen sink &lt;strong&gt;fregadero&lt;/strong&gt;. And the bathroom sink &lt;strong&gt;lavamanos&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;lavabo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being so close to the border we also use the americanized terms &lt;strong&gt;sink de la cocina&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sink del baño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14685" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-14T11:55:18.707" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T11:55:18.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19344" CreationDate="2017-01-14T15:31:48.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think any reasonable reader being presented with a dialect that does not coincide with their own would consider this offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, it depends a lot not only on the target readers, as explained above, but on the content itself, its intended tone and its lexicon. You haven't specified what your company's field is and what kind of clients it has. Internationalization of a website aimed at young people using informal, light-hearted language, or a portal devoted to cooking recipes, will surely run into more trouble than internationalization of a network security firm, or a bank, or an airline, since technical terms and formal language are less prone to variations across dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note, it is a well-known fact that people from Spain are used to being exposed to their own dialect in TV and movies, thanks to laws that force such content to be dubbed into Spanish; there are of course many different accents and dialects in Spain, but the country isn't that big and there are no major differences in grammar or lexicon. In Latin America, on the other hand, speakers find it natural to hear not only their own dialect but also many others as well as so-called &quot;neutral Latin American Spanish&quot;, and LatAm dialects are, I think, much more diverse (in terms of lexicon and grammar) than European ones. I don't know if these things have a real, measurable effect on the emotional acceptance of different dialects by speakers in LatAm and Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T15:31:48.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4384" CreationDate="2017-01-15T13:32:15.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, equivalents of the word &lt;strong&gt;sink&lt;/strong&gt; (meaning the bowl where the dishes are washed) are &lt;strong&gt;tarja&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;fregadero&lt;/strong&gt;. There is no difference whether it is indoors or outdoors; it usually has one or two bowls and made of metal or porcelain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lavadero&lt;/strong&gt; is a stone made piece used to wash clothes (Mexico.) Usually a &lt;strong&gt;lavadero&lt;/strong&gt; has a &lt;strong&gt;pila&lt;/strong&gt; attached. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pila/pileta&lt;/strong&gt; is an uncovered stone piece made with the purpose of storing water; usually to wash something but this is not a must (its use meaning &lt;strong&gt;sink&lt;/strong&gt; is also regional.) Another meaning for &lt;strong&gt;pila/pileta&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;pool&lt;/strong&gt; (also regional.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lavabo/lavamanos&lt;/strong&gt; is usually in the bathroom or just outside the bathroom and used to wash ones hands. It is commonly made of porcelain, but other materials can also used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Palangana&lt;/strong&gt; can have different regional meanings but in Mexico is a portable water container (i.e. is not attached to buildings.) It can be made of plastic or metal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The water storage for buildings is called &lt;strong&gt;aljibe/cisterna&lt;/strong&gt; if it is underground; &lt;strong&gt;tinaco&lt;/strong&gt; if it is elevated or placed on the rooftop. These are usually covered because they store clean water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-15T13:32:15.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19353" CreationDate="2017-01-15T18:11:16.370" Score="2" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say “coarse-grained” in Spanish? The closest thing that comes to my mind is “a grandes rasgos”, but that isn't terribly precise gramatically: “coarse-grained” is an adjective, whereas “a grandes rasgos” is an adverbial phrase. In any case, it doesn't sound right to my ears to translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A concurrent object is a data structure shared by multiple threads in a shared-memory multiprocessor. Classical implementations [of concurrent objects] use &lt;em&gt;coarse-grain&lt;/em&gt;[sic] synchronization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pages.lip6.fr/Marc.Shapiro/papers/PPoPP-2006-listRG.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This academic paper&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un objeto concurrente es una estructura de datos compartida por múltiples hilos de ejecución en un multiprocesador de memoria compartida. Los objetos concurrentes se implementan de manera clásica usando sincronización &lt;em&gt;a grandes rasgos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a little bit funny, a native Spanish speaker asking how to translate something to Spanish that he can easily say in English...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T07:08:51.460" Title="How do I say “coarse-grained” in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19352" CreationDate="2017-01-15T19:45:41.943" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El concepto de base es la granularidad del proceso, de manera que ahí es donde hay que buscar. Podría ser &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=sincronizacion%20%22granularidad%20gruesa%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sincronización de granularidad gruesa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=sincronizacion%20%22grano%20grueso%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de grano grueso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Ninguna de las dos suena muy bien pero es comprensible y es literal, por lo cual alguien que nunca lo leyó en español puede retraducirlo mentalmente al inglés sin problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A grandes rasgos&lt;/em&gt; no es apropiado porque es figurativo y no sugiere nada al lector que no sabe cuál es la expresión original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-15T19:45:41.943" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19324" CreationDate="2017-01-16T01:16:21.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really know for sure because I am a native but I wouldn't be surprised if it was. I can say this because I always have problems trying to tell the difference between &lt;strong&gt;seis&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sete&lt;/strong&gt; in Portuguese because Brazilians pronounce &lt;strong&gt;sete&lt;/strong&gt; very similarly to &lt;strong&gt;seis&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have problems telling French numbers &lt;strong&gt;six (6)&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;seize (16)&lt;/strong&gt; apart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Arab it is also very difficult for me to tell the difference between &lt;strong&gt;settah (6)&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sabah (7)&lt;/strong&gt;. Luckily, they pronounce &lt;strong&gt;sabah&lt;/strong&gt; very similarly to &lt;strong&gt;seven&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I would say that I'm not surprised. Surely this problem will improve with patience and practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T01:16:21.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19317" CreationDate="2017-01-16T08:12:24.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico the word you would need is &lt;strong&gt;sorteo&lt;/strong&gt;. This is the word used by government and universities among others. The prize can be an item or money. Here you usually pay a certain amount of money to get an entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you receive and entry or an opportunity to participate in exchange of buying something it is also called &lt;strong&gt;sorteo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &lt;strong&gt;loteria&lt;/strong&gt; is used by the nationwide drawing that is held once or twice a week. The price is always a large quantity of money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sorteo&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;loteria&lt;/strong&gt; are regulated by law. So they have to be registered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For informal sweepstakes we have the word &lt;strong&gt;rifa&lt;/strong&gt; that is closer to &lt;strong&gt;raffle&lt;/strong&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some, to prevent legal issues avoid using any of the aforementioned words and provide texts saying things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;XXX &lt;strong&gt;obsequiará&lt;/strong&gt; YYY a la persona que ZZZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T08:18:47.987" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T08:18:47.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19399" CreationDate="2017-01-16T11:04:31.227" Score="2" ViewCount="586" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19344/1674&quot;&gt;Is using Spanish from Latin America and The Caribbean (es-419) in a website appropriate to show outisde that area?&lt;/a&gt; encontré una lista muy interesante en la Wikipedia en español: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ndice:Palabras_no_de_jerga_del_espa%C3%B1ol_que_pueden_causar_malentendidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apéndice:Palabras no de jerga del español que pueden causar malentendidos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí estoy pasando un muy buen rato descubriendo (o más bien confirmando) qué tan diferentes acepciones puede tener una misma palabra, con el agravante de tener connotaciones &quot;peligrosas&quot; según el país en el que se usen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha hecho particular gracia la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/celulitis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;celulitis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - inflamación del tejido celular subcutáneo por exceso de adiposidad (en todos los países) [en género femenino]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - teléfono celular (en Honduras) [en género masculino]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de americanismos no la recoge, pero encuentro una referfencia en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/15403-celulitis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuBabel&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vulgarmente se dice celulitis al teléfono celular o portátil.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te está sonando el celulitis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe por qué en Honduras, y solo allí, &lt;em&gt;celulitis&lt;/em&gt; tiene esta acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T14:58:49.490" Title="¿Por qué un teléfono móvil o celular es un &quot;celulitis&quot; en Honduras?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;honduras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19357" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Honduras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Honduras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19358" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" Score="0" Body="Regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Honduras / Regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Honduras." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T11:12:08.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19359" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19360" CreationDate="2017-01-16T12:09:04.550" Score="7" ViewCount="11032" Body="&lt;p&gt;No acabo de entender cómo la palabra &lt;em&gt;mierda&lt;/em&gt; puede tener unos usos tan opuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;Vete a la mierda&lt;/em&gt;&quot; claramente se muestra enfado hacia una persona. Sin embargo, al decir &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mucha mierda&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, se le desea suerte en lo que sea que vaya a hacer en un futuro próximo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es posible que se use para expresar &lt;strong&gt;sentimientos tan contrarios&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;de dónde vienen estas expresiones&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12620" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T12:20:38.600" LastActivityDate="2019-08-26T08:20:27.747" Title="¿Por qué &quot;Vete a la mierda&quot; muestra enfado pero &quot;Mucha mierda&quot; desea suerte?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19359" CreationDate="2017-01-16T12:26:16.047" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como comentas acertadamente, &lt;em&gt;mierda&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra que generalmente designa cosas malas. Esto es por motivos obvios y se usa coloquialmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Veta a la mierda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esto es una mierda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Mierda! Me he dejado el reloj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, existe la expresión &lt;em&gt;mucha mierda&lt;/em&gt; usada para desear suerte. En el magnífico blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-origen-de-la-expresion-mucha-mierda/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se describe así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de esta expresión tiene dos versiones muy distintas y ninguna de ellas está contrastada, así que queda a criterio del lector elegir la que más le convenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado nos encontramos quienes dicen que el origen de la expresión proviene de la época en la que las personas de clases pudientes acudían al teatro (en aquella época corrales de comedia) en sus coches de caballos. Al llegar a la puerta del recinto, mientras bajaban del coche, el animal hacía sus necesidades allí mismo, por lo que cuando estaba a punto de empezar la representación un miembro de la compañía se asomaba y miraba la cantidad de excremento depositada. Cuanta más había, más gente de dinero se encontraba entre el público; algo muy importante, porque como no se cobraba entrada, su sustento dependía del dinero que, concluida la función, los espectadores lanzasen al escenario. Los miembros de la compañía se agachaban a recoger las monedas lanzaras por el público y de ahí dicen que viene otra expresión teatral de aparente paradójico significado: «rómpete una pierna» (es decir, que tengas mucha suerte y te rompas la pierna de tantas veces que tengas que flexionarla para recoger el dinero recaudado o para saludar al público).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra versión especula con que el origen se remonta a la Edad Media, cuando los artistas iban con sus carromatos de pueblo en pueblo. Cuando llegaban a uno, si había mucho estiércol a la entrada, podían saber si (en función de la extensión del mismo) en aquel momento había un mercado, feria u otro acto y merecía la pena detenerse para hacer su espectáculo. El deseo entonces, entre los compañeros de gremio, era que encontrasen mucha mierda en el siguiente pueblo, quedando la expresión abreviada que ha llegado a nuestros días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pese a no estar contrastadas, en ambos casos vemos un patrón claro: mierda -&amp;gt; caballos -&amp;gt; gente con dinero -&amp;gt; posible negocio. Por tanto, pese a que la &lt;em&gt;mierda&lt;/em&gt; en sí no sea algo bueno, se entiende que si es de un caballo es porque su dueño lo está montando con unas cuantas monedas en el bolsillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T12:26:16.047" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19361" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-16T15:07:06.360" Score="2" ViewCount="1639" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una expresión que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablando del rey de Roma, por la puerta asoma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que se usa cuando en una conversación se menciona a alguien, y da la casualidad de que justo en ese momento la persona mencionada hace acto de presencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión, que originalmente hablaba del &quot;ruin de Roma&quot;, proviene según &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-hablando-del-rey-de-roma/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunas fuentes&lt;/a&gt; de la época del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papado_de_Avi%C3%B1%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;papado de Aviñón&lt;/a&gt; en el siglo XIV, durante el cual hubo una escisión en la iglesia, llegando a existir el papa de Roma y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antipapa&lt;/a&gt; de Aviñón. Al primero se le llegó a considerar como el mismísimo diablo en aquella época, de ahí que algunos le empezaran a llamar &quot;el ruin de Roma&quot;. Precisamente, la versión inglesa de este dicho habla del diablo (&quot;speaking of the devil&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen referencias a este dicho &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=ruin%20de%20Roma&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recogidas en el CORDE&lt;/a&gt; desde el siglo XVI. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El ruin de Roma, en mentándole luego assoma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hernán Núñez, &quot;Refranes o proverbios en romance&quot;, c. 1549 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ALONSO: —Aún no ha traído las camizas la lavandera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  DON PEDRO: —Pues, hideputa, ¡id por ellas!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ALONSO: —Al ruin de Roma, cuando le nombran, luego asoma; aquí viene ya la lavandera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Diálogos de John Minsheu&quot;, 1599 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, las referencias a este dicho (según el CORDE) son en su mayoría de España, apareciendo tan solo una con origen en Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Cuando se mienta al ruin de Roma...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Luego asoma— concluyeron todos a una voz [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clorinda Matto de Turner, &quot;Aves sin nido&quot;, 1889 (Perú)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, me preguntaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es conocida esta expresión fuera de España?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no, ¿qué otras expresiones se usan en Hispanoamérica para referirse a la misma situación?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-10-29T15:23:30.403" Title="¿Se usa la expresión &quot;hablando del ruin de Roma&quot; en Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19361" CreationDate="2017-01-16T15:37:33.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la Ciudad de México no es raro escuchar la frase &quot;Hablando del rey de Roma, &lt;em&gt;y el que se asoma&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Claro está, debe de haber originado durante el Virreinato de la Nueva España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14699" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T15:37:33.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19352" CreationDate="2017-01-16T16:39:13.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;coarse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;medium&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;fine&lt;/code&gt; grain, are terms used to express the roughness of sandpaper, rasps, files, grinders, or any other abrasive tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context (computer science, synchronization) coarse-grain refers to &lt;strong&gt;granularity&lt;/strong&gt; of data locking in a multithread environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The granularity is a measure of the amount of data the lock is protecting. If the lock protects a great amount of data, then it's &lt;em&gt;Coarse&lt;/em&gt;. If the lock protects a small amount of data, then it's &lt;em&gt;Fine&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Granularity may be translated (again, in this context) as Granularidad and it may be &lt;code&gt;fino&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;medio&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;grueso&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answering the OP, translating coarse-grain in this context as &lt;strong&gt;grano grueso&lt;/strong&gt; is correct and widely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="12825" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T07:08:51.460" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T07:08:51.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19356" CreationDate="2017-01-16T17:26:29.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy de la zona central de Honduras, Tegucigalpa y celulitis no es una palabra utilizada para un teléfono celular, por el contrario, el único uso es el primero indicado, sobre el tejido adiposo excedente en el cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14702" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T17:26:29.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19361" CreationDate="2017-01-16T21:09:56.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy del sureste de México (Yucatán para ser exacto) y al igual que mencionan arriba, la expresión común a una situación como la que describes es la misma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hablando del Rey de Roma, [y que se asoma]&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la parte entre &lt;code&gt;[]&lt;/code&gt; no siempre se utiliza, de echo se usa cada vez menos por aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como un punto aparte, en la mayoría de los textos que he leído de origen mexicano, no hay situaciones similares como para hacer referencias a esta frase, y posiblemente a eso se deba a que no aparezca en el CORDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T11:41:39.050" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T11:41:39.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-16T21:36:31.080" Score="1" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an iPhone with the latest iOS (10.1) and I have both an English and Spanish keyboard enabled. The autocorrect is helpful in most cases and generally good for Spanish. However, I've noticed that since the last update, iOS is now capitalizing &quot;buen día&quot; as in &quot;Buen Día&quot; no matter where in the sentence you use it. I have no idea why this is the case and think it may be an error on Apple's part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone think of a reason why &quot;buen día&quot; would be capitalized in every instance? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T07:04:26.583" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:47:44.280" Title="Why does iOS capitalize &quot;buen día&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19366" CreationDate="2017-01-16T21:40:53.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more a comment than an answer, but here it goes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is &lt;strike&gt;probably&lt;/strike&gt; an iOS error, since unless it is the first letter of a sentence or the first letter after the &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; only the&lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; should be capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T13:23:35.460" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T13:23:35.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19366" CreationDate="2017-01-16T22:43:06.950" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If both initials are capitalized no matter where the expression is, then that's two mistakes. And if the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Dia&lt;/em&gt; is not accented (&lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt;), then it's yet another mistake. None of them are grave but they're clearly unacceptable in an operating system, and worse in an autocorrect feature. (Is it possible that the autocorrect has &lt;em&gt;learned&lt;/em&gt; this?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is anecdotical, but: there is a tendency in some Spanish speakers to capitalize certain words and expressions when they needn't be. For example, people sometimes capitalize the names of the days of the week and the months of the year (which is the rule in English but is wrong in Spanish). In certain contexts you might find capitalization employed as an emphatic mark, much like double quotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;usage rules for uppercase letters&lt;/a&gt; acording to the Real Academia Española (in Spanish); section 6 (the last) deals with cases where capitalization is explicitly forbidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T22:43:06.950" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2017-01-16T23:12:23.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece lo correcto es &quot;el app&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cnet.com/es/noticias/el-ipad-la-xbox-el-app-como-se-dice-en-espanol/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿El iPad? ¿la Xbox? ¿el app? ¿cómo se dice en español?&lt;/a&gt; se comenta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Todo eso nos lleva a las 'apps', que por ahí también insisten en llamarles los 'apps'. Por supuesto que no soy lingüista, pero a mí me gusta la idea de mantener el femenino cuando se trata de una abreviatura de una palabra en femenino, pues (la aplicación). Pero volvemos al mismo tema de &quot;la agua&quot;. &quot;La app de tal cosa&quot; suena mal; así que mejor quedarnos con el app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/el-la-app.2222978/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la discusión &quot;el / la App&quot; en Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; leo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;APP = application (en inglés), entonces en castellano es una aplicación pero, como dice Alisterio, es el/un APP y unas APPs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He leído y escuchado a algunas personas referirse a &quot;el aplicativo&quot;, en cuyo caso, la forma corta sí sería &quot;el app&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque veo en distintos blogs se usa indistinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14705" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T10:26:03.297" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T10:26:03.297" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19356" CreationDate="2017-01-17T00:37:03.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nací en Tegucigalapa y he vivido (por mas de un año) en las siguientes ciudades hondureñas: Comayagua, Tegucigalapa, Nacaome, Catacamas, y Tela. Jamás he escuchado a alguien referirse al celular como &quot;celulitis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14706" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T07:17:36.317" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T07:17:36.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19374" CreationDate="2017-01-17T07:06:11.413" Score="7" ViewCount="1696" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo un libro de programación, y tengo duda en como traducir &lt;strong&gt;Stacks&lt;/strong&gt; en un contexto de programación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué una traducción a la palabra y me lo traduce como &lt;em&gt;apilar, pilas, amontonar, estanteria, estante&lt;/em&gt;. La cosa es que no se que palabra quedaria mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí está el contexto que se maneja: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 20 Lists, &lt;strong&gt;Stacks&lt;/strong&gt;, Queues, and Priority Queues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué traducción sería la más correcta en un contexto de programación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14709" OwnerDisplayName="Regin" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T08:34:17.873" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T11:22:56.673" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;Stacks&quot; en un contexto de programación?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19371" CreationDate="2017-01-17T08:43:24.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de programación &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt; se traduce habitualmente como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pila_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; con el significado de su primera acepción según el diccionario de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sz7DDE4%7CSz7PRrG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pila&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. pila 'columna'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Montón, rimero o cúmulo que se hace poniendo una sobre otra las piezas o porciones de que consta algo. Pila de lana, de ladrillos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T11:28:53.550" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T11:28:53.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19371" CreationDate="2017-01-17T08:48:34.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;stack&lt;/strong&gt; (Fuente: Oxford Dictionary &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/stack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Oxford Dictionary&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;noun: stack; plural noun: stacks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. a pile of objects, typically one that is neatly arranged. &lt;em&gt;A stack of boxes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pila&lt;/strong&gt; (Fuente: Diccionario de la Real Academia Española &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sz7DDE4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Diccionario Real Academia Española&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. pila 'columna'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. f. Montón, rimero o cúmulo que se hace poniendo una sobre otra las piezas o porciones de que consta algo. &lt;em&gt;Pila de lana, de ladrillos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T09:05:32.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19371" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:02:51.600" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de programación, un &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt; se podría traducir como &lt;em&gt;pila&lt;/em&gt; (en el concepto de grupo de ítems puestos uno encima de otro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que caracteriza a un &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt; de otras agrupaciones de ítems es que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;los datos están ordenados según se insertan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;la única forma de añadir o quitar ítems es siempre por el mismo &quot;extremo&quot; del orden, de forma que el último ítem que hayas añadido será el primero que extraigas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pila vacía -&gt; &lt;code&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Añades&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Añades &lt;code&gt;b&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;a, b&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Añades &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;a, b, c&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eliminas un elemento&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;a, b&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que en ningún momento se puede especificar dónde haces la inserción o qué elemento eliminas; eso te viene definido por la definición de cómo se comporta un &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;: En términos informáticos es la operación &lt;em&gt;push&lt;/em&gt; (apilar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;: Es la operación &lt;em&gt;pop&lt;/em&gt; desapilar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:02:51.600" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19376" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:17:58.010" Score="10" ViewCount="7885" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé como utilizar &lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt; en futuro simple. &#xA;Por ejemplo: &quot;Sobre la mesa hay un pastel&quot;. Si convertimos esta oración en futuro, tendremos: &quot;Sobre la mesa habrá un pastel&quot;. Aquí todo está claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si cambiamos oración anterior de siguiente manera: &quot;Sobre la mesa hay unos pasteles&quot;. ¿Cómo será correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre la mesa habrá unos pasteles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre la mesa habrán unos pasteles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que intento preguntar es que hay que conjugar verbo &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; cuando éste tiene función de &lt;strong&gt;hay&lt;/strong&gt; en todos tiempos aparte del presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:41:08.150" Title="&quot;Hay&quot; en futuro simple" Tags="&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19375" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:41:08.150" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es &lt;em&gt;habrá&lt;/em&gt;. En esta clase de oración el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; es impersonal y no concuerda con la frase nominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=haber&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;, entrada &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; (énfasis mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además de su empleo como auxiliar, el otro uso&#xA;  fundamental de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; es denotar la presencia o existencia de lo&#xA;  designado por el sustantivo que lo acompaña y que va normalmente&#xA;  pospuesto al verbo: &lt;em&gt;Hay alguien esperándote&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Había un taxi en la&#xA;  puerta&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Mañana no habrá función&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Hubo un serio problema&lt;/em&gt;. Como se ve en&#xA;  el primer ejemplo, en este uso, la tercera persona del singular del&#xA;  presente de indicativo adopta la forma especial &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;. Esta construcción&#xA;  es heredera de la existente en latín tardío «&lt;em&gt;habere&lt;/em&gt; (siempre en&#xA;  tercera persona del singular) + nombre singular o plural en&#xA;  acusativo». &lt;strong&gt;Así pues, etimológicamente, esta construcción carece de&#xA;  sujeto; es, por tanto, impersonal y, en consecuencia, el sustantivo&#xA;  pospuesto desempeña la función de complemento directo.&lt;/strong&gt;  (...)&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Puesto que el sustantivo que aparece en&#xA;  estas construcciones es el complemento directo, el hecho de que dicho&#xA;  sustantivo sea plural no supone que el verbo haya de ir también en&#xA;  plural, ya que la concordancia con el verbo la determina el sujeto, no&#xA;  el complemento directo.&lt;/strong&gt; Por consiguiente, en estos casos, lo más&#xA;  apropiado es que el verbo permanezca en singular, y así sucede en el&#xA;  uso culto mayoritario, especialmente en la lengua escrita, tanto en&#xA;  España como en América: &lt;em&gt;«Había muchos libros en aquella casa»&lt;/em&gt; (Ocampo&#xA;  Cornelia [Arg. 1988]); &lt;em&gt;«Había unos muchachos correteando»&lt;/em&gt; (VLlosa Tía&#xA;  [Perú 1977]); &lt;em&gt;«Hubo varios heridos graves»&lt;/em&gt; (Valladares Esperanza [Cuba&#xA;  1985]); &lt;em&gt;«Habrá muchos muertos»&lt;/em&gt; (Chao Altos [Méx. 1991]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el uso habitual sólo encontrarás &lt;em&gt;habrán&lt;/em&gt; (en plural) cuando el verbo sea un auxiliar en un tiempo compuesto, como por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Para cuando lleguemos ya habrán terminado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, entonces, a &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; en el presente le corresponde &lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito indefinido, &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito imperfecto, &lt;em&gt;habrá&lt;/em&gt; en el futuro simple, &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt; en el potencial, &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt; en el presente del subjuntivo, &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito del subjuntivo, etc., todos ellos en su forma impersonal, que es idéntica al singular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:41:08.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-17T23:13:40.163" Score="3" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course, having checked both &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/anteojo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2nOBXI2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;, I know that the word &quot;anteojos&quot; is etymologically derived from &quot;antojo&quot;, which in turn is a combination of the Spanish words &quot;ante&quot; and &quot;ojo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm curious about exactly how the word &quot;antojo&quot;--which, taking its etymological constituents literally, I suppose means something like &quot;before eye&quot;, but in terms of actual language means &quot;whim&quot;, &quot;craving&quot;, or &quot;birthmark&quot;-- might have lead to the introduction of the word &quot;anteojos&quot;, which is really just going back to the original etymological roots of &quot;antojo&quot;, and yet which denotes a pretty distinct concept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that it makes pretty good sense for the concepts of &quot;whim&quot; and &quot;craving&quot; to be described with a word that means &quot;before eye&quot;, as I'm assuming it has to do with the idea that such things are, in a sense, &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; one's &lt;em&gt;eyes&lt;/em&gt;, beckoning to or tempting the observer. I'm a bit less certain about why it would come to describe a birthmark, though I'm guessing it has something to do with a birthmark's conspicuous visibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the intuitive explanation for this word being slightly morphed to describe glasses/spectacles would be that &lt;s&gt;they make it easier for a person to see what is before his or her eyes.  That seems clear enough, at least to me.&lt;/s&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Edit: Actually, I just found an answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18694/12637&quot;&gt;an earlier question&lt;/a&gt; on here that I missed in my initial search, which explains that they were called such because glasses &lt;em&gt;sit on the face&lt;/em&gt; before the eyes. Duh. My bad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my first question is, am I wrong with any of my above thinking? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second question is, how &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; does a word like &quot;anteojo&quot; come about? The Real Academia Española &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2nOBXI2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etymology box for &quot;anteojo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; says &quot;&lt;em&gt;De antojo, con recomposición etimológica.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; but I'm not quite sure what a so-called &quot;etymological recomposition&quot; is. Does that imply a sort of &lt;em&gt;conscious&lt;/em&gt; recomposition of the etymological roots of &quot;antojo&quot; in order to coin a word to describe a new invention, or does it imply a more natural and incidental process that amounts to the same thing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14721" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T17:13:32.423" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T17:13:32.423" Title="Etymological relationship between &quot;anteojos&quot; and &quot;antojo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19380" CreationDate="2017-01-18T06:17:17.647" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is from Miguel Delibes, &quot;Los Santos Inocentes&quot;. Don't try reading the original because it lacks punctuation, and scripts of who's talking and all sorts of things that make it incomprehensible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a modified context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xEsoBl.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xEsoBl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T07:42:21.780" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T07:43:30.193" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Tampoco las otras hablan si nosotros no les prestamos la voz&quot; in &quot;Los Santos Inocentes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-01-20T07:28:03.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19379" CreationDate="2017-01-18T07:43:30.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose they are talking about the letter H in Spanish. The first character says that the letter H is silent, but the word the character uses is &lt;em&gt;muda&lt;/em&gt;, which can also be used to refer to a person that cannot speak. That's when Facundo asks what does that mean, because every letter in the alphabet is &lt;em&gt;muda&lt;/em&gt; (has no voice by itself). That is, letters do not speak, they only represent sounds that WE must utter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is what the sentence means: all the other [letters] are also silent, they only have voices when we utter their sounds (lend them their voices).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T07:43:30.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19382" CreationDate="2017-01-18T09:14:30.753" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Haced prender y matara ese hombre y esta mujer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand &lt;em&gt;matara&lt;/em&gt;. Is this future or imp subj. and why doesn't it agree with 2nd plural? I think it means &quot;Capture and kill this man and woman&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;don pedro. —¿Voces en tu cuarto gran señor? ¿Quién causa este rumor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;rey. —Haced prender y &lt;strong&gt;matara&lt;/strong&gt; ese hombre y esta mujer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;don pedro. —¿Quiénes son? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;rey. — No necesito conocerlos. Al verlos aquí, he  visto bastante.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T09:49:57.763" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T10:05:39.893" Title="In &quot;El burlador de Sevilla&quot;, why is &quot;matara&quot; and not &quot;matad&quot; in &quot;Haced prender y matara ese hombre y esta mujer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19381" CreationDate="2017-01-18T09:21:54.507" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems like a typo: there should be a space before the last &quot;a&quot; in &quot;matara&quot;. It should be:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rey. —Haced prender y &lt;strong&gt;matar a&lt;/strong&gt; ese hombre y esta mujer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I have checked two editions of the play (the one I have at home and the one available for free at the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://descargas.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01260963765699435228813/019467.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(link)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and couldn't find the text you quote. The closest I find is at the very beginning of the play (act I:  verses 22 - 36):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;REY: ¿Qué es?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  JUAN: Qué ha de ser?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un hombre y una mujer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  REY: Esto en prudencia consiste.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Ah de mi guarda! Prendé &#xA;  a este hombre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ISABELA: ¡Ay, perdido honor!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sale don PEDRO Tenorio, embajador de España, y GUARDA  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PEDRO: ¡En tu cuarto, gran señor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  voces! ¿Quién la causa fue?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  REY: Don Pedro Tenorio, a vos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  esta prisión os encargo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si ando corto, andad vos largo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mirad quién son estos dos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y con secreto ha de ser,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que algún mal suceso creo;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  porque si yo aquí los veo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no me queda más que ver.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vase el REY  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PEDRO: Prendedle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  JUAN: ¿Quién ha de osar?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Bien puedo perder la vida;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mas ha de ir tan bien vendida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que a alguno le ha de pesar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  PEDRO: Matadle.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which makes me suspect that you are using an adapted version, and reinforces the possibility of a typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14518" LastEditorDisplayName="user14518" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T10:05:39.893" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T10:05:39.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23034" CreationDate="2017-01-18T10:33:44.547" Score="9" ViewCount="834" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el idioma español contamos con la palabra &lt;em&gt;pantuflo&lt;/em&gt; con casos en el CORDE desde el siglo XVI, con la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rjqu23K&quot;&gt;pantuflo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;pantoufle&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Calzado, especie de chinela o zapato sin orejas ni talón, que para mayor comodidad se usa en casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día se admite también la variante &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RjqVdfd&quot;&gt;pantufla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con el mismo significado. Sin embargo, esta variante solo cuenta con entradas en el CORDE desde el siglo XIX mayormente, siglo en el cual ya este término aparecía en más ocasiones que &lt;em&gt;pantuflo&lt;/em&gt;. Curiosamente, sí que hay 3 ocurrencias aisladas en el CORDE para &lt;em&gt;pantufla&lt;/em&gt; en el siglo XVI (por 35 de &lt;em&gt;pantuflo&lt;/em&gt;), pero no se vuelven a repetir hasta el siglo XIX, como dicho anteriormente. Es más, la RAE recoge &lt;em&gt;pantuflo&lt;/em&gt; desde la primera versión del diccionario, mas no así &lt;em&gt;pantufla&lt;/em&gt; que solo aparece desde 1884. Lo curioso es que a mí la versión femenina es la que me suena normal, y la masculina me suena muy rara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, estudiemos este fenómeno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué puede causar que una palabra cambie de género con el tiempo? En este caso concreto entiendo que pueda ser por influencia del francés, dado que en este idioma &lt;em&gt;pantoufle&lt;/em&gt; es femenino. Es posible que inicialmente se adaptara fonéticamente como &quot;pantuflo&quot; y más tarde se adaptara el género al original francés. ¿Es así? ¿Hay casos que puedan tener una causa diferente?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Recibe algún nombre concreto este proceso del lenguaje?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué otras palabras conocemos que hayan sufrido este mismo fenómeno?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-04-08T12:20:12.047" Title="&quot;Pantuflo&quot; vs &quot;pantufla&quot;: motivos del cambio y ejemplos similares" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19385" CreationDate="2017-01-18T12:19:50.853" Score="2" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen both ways of writing the word in texts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta transformación de la estructura básica de la sociedad repercutió en seguida sobre la constitución de la &quot;&lt;strong&gt;élite&lt;/strong&gt; política&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y el respeto hacia las instituciones sabiamente establecidas en el transcurso de los tiempos para mantener el prestigio de la &lt;strong&gt;elite&lt;/strong&gt; que mueve el pulso de la vida [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the proper one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T12:34:27.503" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:09:06.020" Title="Is it &quot;élite&quot; or &quot;elite&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19384" CreationDate="2017-01-18T12:19:50.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: Both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;elite&lt;/em&gt;) is a loan word from French &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt;. It means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EXtXytb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;élite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;elite&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Minoría selecta o rectora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is that the &lt;em&gt;é&lt;/em&gt; in French does not mean that the first &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; is stressed, it only indicates the proper way of pronouncing it (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/e/&lt;/a&gt; vs &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/ɛ/&lt;/a&gt;). So in French it is pronounced (roughly) as [elít].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=elite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read this&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The French word &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; [...] was adapted to Spanish as &lt;em&gt;elite&lt;/em&gt; [elíte]; but the original word &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; also circulated a certain time unchanged from French, so people who did not know French pronounced it the Spanish way: [élite]. Although this pronunciation goes against its etymology, it is today the most common way of writing this word [...]. Thus, the &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; form and its pronunciation are also considered valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the end both ways ended up being accepted by the RAE, although the form &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; was not accepted until very recently (2001 while &lt;em&gt;elite&lt;/em&gt; was included in 1984).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first match in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En Europa, donde las grandes masas de tropa están en columna y el campo de batalla abraza aldeas y villas diversas, las tropas de &lt;strong&gt;élite&lt;/strong&gt; quedan en las reservas para acudir a donde la necesidad las requiera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, &quot;Facundo. Civilización y barbarie&quot;, 1845-1874 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T12:59:11.030" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T12:59:11.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T14:22:04.307" Score="1" ViewCount="957" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this the inherent feature of Spanish? In English we always say &lt;strong&gt;who&lt;/strong&gt; is doing the action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How are &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T14:36:38.020" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T02:24:35.273" Title="Why don't we put subject pronouns &quot;you&quot;, &quot;I&quot; in questions? e.g.&quot;¿cómo tú estás?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-19T07:24:45.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19386" CreationDate="2017-01-18T14:50:21.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not restricted to questions, you would say &lt;em&gt;soy Erjan&lt;/em&gt; not &lt;em&gt;yo soy Erjan&lt;/em&gt;. Since the verb tells us the person it is not necessary to use the pronoun unless either it is ambiguous or you wish to emphasise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambiguous&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Está en otra planta&lt;/em&gt; could mean he/she/you polite is/are on another floor so you might add the pronoun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emphasis&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Como quieres&lt;/em&gt; = as you wish, &lt;em&gt;como quieres tü&lt;/em&gt; = no, as YOU want, not me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T15:40:56.317" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T15:40:56.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19386" CreationDate="2017-01-18T14:57:31.837" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can omit the subject in sentences when it is known or it can be inferred from context or the verb. In the case you show, the subject is inferred from the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the present indicative of verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo       estoy&#xA;tú       estás&#xA;él       está&#xA;nosotros estamos&#xA;vosotros estáis&#xA;ellos    están&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that every verb form is different, so knowing the verb form you can infer the subject, so the &lt;code&gt;estás&lt;/code&gt; form can only correspond to the pronoun &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;, and thus it is redundant to use it in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also omit the subject when everyone in the conversation knows it, not only in questions but in every kind of sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Dónde está Juan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —[Juan] Está en su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, there are cases in which you can put in the subject if it needs to be emphasised:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Cómo está tu mujer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Regular, aún no se ha repuesto del susto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Y cómo estás tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you say &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt; to emphasise that the subject has changed from the previous sentence, even though it can be inferred from the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T15:04:45.447" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T15:04:45.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19386" CreationDate="2017-01-18T18:26:34.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As noted, you can include the subject as a means of emphasis, although I would phrase it &quot;¿Cómo estás tú?&quot;  Another example that comes to mind is the classic Spartacus scene.  It might be translated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Soy Espartaco&quot;&#xA;&quot;No, soy yo Espartaco&quot;&#xA;&quot;No, soy yo...&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14730" LastEditorUserId="14730" LastEditDate="2019-03-14T02:24:35.273" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T02:24:35.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19390" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19391" CreationDate="2017-01-18T22:34:44.193" Score="10" ViewCount="16781" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día aprendí un término la mar de interesante, con esa facilidad que hay en el inglés de transformar un nombre en un verbo (como &lt;em&gt;googlear&lt;/em&gt;). El término en cuestión era &lt;strong&gt;gaslighting&lt;/strong&gt; que viene a significar algo así como &lt;em&gt;tratar de hacer dudar a una persona de su realidad mediante pequeños y sutiles cambios y manipulaciones en su entorno&lt;/em&gt; (tratar de volverla lo suficientemente loca para que piense que en realidad lo está) .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto era una discusión sobre una serie de noticias relacionadas con Donald Trump en particular, que derivó en una discusión más general acerca de la cantidad de noticias y nueva información a la que nos vemos expuestos en la era de Internet. Tanto que a veces cuesta mucho distinguir qué noticias son legítimas, cuáles son puro engaño y cuáles son falsas símplemente con la intención de hacer dudar de otras noticias verdaderas (es decir, que si se publica algo sobre mi que es cierto pero daña mi imagen, publico ciertas noticias evidentemente falsas, para que la gente crea que la primera noticia que se publicó sobre mi, que era en realidad cierta, es falsa como las que han venido a continuación, símplemente porque hay gente mala tratando de arruinar mi reputación...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gaslight &lt;sub&gt;verb gerund or present participle: gaslighting &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;manipulate (someone) by psychological means into questioning their own sanity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gaslighting or gas-lighting is a form of manipulation through persistent denial, misdirection, contradiction, and lying in an attempt to destabilize and delegitimize a target. Its intent is to sow seeds of doubt in the targets, hoping to make them question their own memory, perception, and sanity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term owes its origin to Gas Light, a 1938 play and 1944 film, and has been used in clinical and research literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Wikipedia en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaslighting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gaslighting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa obra de teatro el marido de la protagonista intenta convencerla a ella y otras personas de que ella no recuerda bien las cosas y se está volviendo loca mediante pequeñas jugarretas como reajustar el nivel de la luz en las lámparas de gas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy bastante seguro de que no hay traducción directa para 'gaslighting' en español. ¿Existe alguna expresión o modismo en español para expresar este mismo concepto de &lt;em&gt;hacer que alguien dude de la información que recibe a base de suministrarle información falsa a propósito&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-09-14T12:44:15.607" Title="Modismo o expresión que traduzca &quot;gaslighting&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19390" CreationDate="2017-01-19T00:31:06.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La literatura médica especializada está acostumbrada a emplear la expresión &lt;code&gt;hacer luz de gas&lt;/code&gt;. Algunas de las fuentes que encontré (quizás necesitarás estar en una universidad para acceder a ellas): &lt;a href=&quot;http://gredos.usal.es/jspui/handle/10366/56235&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://idus.us.es/xmlui/handle/11441/51008&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.investigacion-psicopedagogica.org/revista/articulos/18/espannol/Art_18_337.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://idus.us.es/xmlui/handle/11441/39835?show=full&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hacer luz de gas es nada más que hacer alguien creerse loco. Fuera de un contexto altamente específico (quizás un grupo de apoyo para víctimas de abuso doméstico), no hay necesidad de más explicaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T13:00:37.910" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T13:00:37.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19390" CreationDate="2017-01-19T01:11:47.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México el modismo que más se acerca es &lt;strong&gt;chorear&lt;/strong&gt;. En México significa mentir con el propósito de engañar o manipular ya sea para hurtar, hacer una broma o hacer dudar a una persona de sus propósitos o decisiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso que me dices es puro &lt;strong&gt;choro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T02:11:35.890" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T02:11:35.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19393" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19394" CreationDate="2017-01-19T05:44:26.710" Score="0" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;A course at Memrise.com says the future tense conjugation of 'decir' is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo diré&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú dirás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él dirá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros diremos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos dirán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the audio that goes along with the course speaks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo deciré&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú decirás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él decirá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros deciremos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos decirán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone help me! Which is the proper conjugation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T07:42:05.200" Title="What is the proper future tense conjugation for 'decir'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19393" CreationDate="2017-01-19T07:42:05.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every question about proper verb conjugations can be answered visiting the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE web&lt;/a&gt; and looking up the infinitive (&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BxLriBU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decir&lt;/a&gt;&quot;). Press the blue &quot;conjugar&quot; button and &lt;em&gt;voilá&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo                     diré&#xA;tú / vos               dirás&#xA;usted / él, ella       dirá&#xA;nosotros, nosotras     diremos&#xA;vosotros, vosotras     diréis&#xA;ustedes / ellos, ellas dirán&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;deciré&quot; form would be the conjugation were the verb a regular one, but it is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2514/resources-for-learning-spanish?cb=1&quot;&gt;Resources for learning Spanish&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T15:49:27.957" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T07:42:05.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19390" CreationDate="2017-01-19T07:58:06.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez no sea exactamente lo que buscas, pero tomando como referencia tu definición original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tratar de hacer dudar a una persona de su realidad mediante pequeños y sutiles cambios y manipulaciones en su entorno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me acuerdo de algunos videojuegos de temática de terror, en los cuales a veces pasan cosas raras, del estilo de algo que estaba en un sitio de repente ya no está, o cosas que no se comportan como cabría esperar (desafiando las leyes de la física o similar, como que algo no se refleje en un espejo). La expresión que suelo usar cuando pasan estas cosas es que el juego &lt;strong&gt;me está rayando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VEy3neE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rayar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;radiāre&lt;/em&gt; 'despedir rayos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Trastornar o volver loco. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, esta expresión es demasiado coloquial (o incluso puede que regional, no sé en qué zonas se conoce y en cuáles no) como para usarla en contextos formales, pero se puede usar perfectamente así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Tío, no me rayes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando alguien te está intentando confundir o incordiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T07:58:06.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30371" CreationDate="2017-01-19T09:46:56.950" Score="5" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anoche, leyendo un libro, me encontré con la palabra &lt;em&gt;poni&lt;/em&gt;. Al principio se me hizo raro que no acabara en &lt;em&gt;-y&lt;/em&gt;, así que me fui a buscar la norma de la ortografía española al respecto, y vi que solo se escriben con &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; final las palabras que acaban en &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; precedida de vocal. Como no era el caso, la di por buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que dice simplemente &quot;precedida de vocal&quot;, sin especificar si es tónica o átona. Así pues, la RAE recomienda escribir &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=samur%C3%A1i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;samuray&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=paip%C3%A1i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;paipay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;samurái&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;paipái&lt;/em&gt; (por adaptarse mejor a las normas), aunque reconoce que estas últimas formas son las más utilizadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez pasado este trámite, me di cuenta de que en los idiomas vecinos esta norma no se sigue. Por ejemplo, si en español tenemos &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt;, en catalán, gallego y portugués tenemos &lt;em&gt;rei&lt;/em&gt;, y en francés tenemos &lt;em&gt;roi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es el motivo histórico de que el español concretamente tenga esta norma? ¿Qué origen tiene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-19T14:24:24.670" LastActivityDate="2020-02-20T12:14:33.137" Title="¿Por qué en español se debe cambiar la -i final por -y?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18709" CreationDate="2017-01-19T11:38:16.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Respuesta basada en los comentarios a la pregunta, especialmente los de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/11511/yay&quot;&gt;Yay&lt;/a&gt;. Se marca como &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt; para que cualquiera pueda aportar a la misma.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre he cocinado y estoy cocinando es que el primero es un &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; verbal y el segundo es una &lt;em&gt;perífrasis&lt;/em&gt; verbal. Mientras que los tiempos verbales pueden ser perfectos, imperfectos, pluscuamperfectos, etc., las perífrasis tienen su propia clasificación. Las perífrasis construidas con gerundios suelen indicar &quot;desarrollo&quot;, y se denominan &lt;strong&gt;durativas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para distinguir entre un tiempo y una perífrasis verbal, la respuesta rápida sería que solo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; puede funcionar como auxiliar en un tiempo verbal. Si se admite que &lt;em&gt;estoy cocinando&lt;/em&gt; es un tiempo verbal, entonces también se tendrían que incluir &lt;em&gt;sigo cocinando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llevo cocinando&lt;/em&gt; y todas las demás perífrasis existentes. Puedes leer sobre perífrasis en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=buSUphzUgccgmyjd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capítulo 28&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y sobre su relación con los tiempos verbales en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMOUtHBHUciOXVzS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apartado 28.5&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas perífrasis, por supuesto, se pueden conjugar también en subjuntivo: &lt;em&gt;esté cocinando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estuviera cocinando&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, para responder a tu última pregunta en los comentarios, el gerundio no es el único tiempo verbal con el que se puede expresar una acción en desarrollo. Se me ocurre el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Y tú, a qué te dedicas para vivir?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues soy arquitecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;dedicas&lt;/em&gt; es presente de indicativo, pero denota algo que está en desarrollo: la dedicación de la persona para subsistir. El interlocutor se está dedicando a la arquitectura en ese momento de su vida, como algo en proceso: empezó en el pasado y aún no ha terminado. Por supuesto, el lenguaje es interpretable y hay quien interpreta el presente de indicativo como que expresa hechos puntuales y hay quien lo interpreta como acciones en progreso. Por ejemplo, en la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito hablar contigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ese &quot;necesito&quot; en presente es puntual o en progreso? Se podría interpretar como &quot;estoy necesitando hablar contigo&quot;, dado que es algo que venías necesitando previamente y aún sientes esa necesidad. Este hecho se conoce como el &lt;strong&gt;presente progresivo&lt;/strong&gt;, y se ve aún más claro en ejemplos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—A ver, ¿qué pasa aquí? &lt;em&gt;[=&quot;qué está pasando&quot;]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Suéltame, me haces daño! &lt;em&gt;[=&quot;me estás haciendo daño&quot;]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El presente progresivo se puede consultar en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wufShHIKqaUHfiHs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apartado 23.5&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T11:38:16.067" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-01-19T11:38:16.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19400" CreationDate="2017-01-19T14:46:24.987" Score="5" ViewCount="1277" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber si al juntar dos palabras, y que la segunda empieza con &lt;strong&gt;R (erre)&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿Se debe escribir con doble erre, es decir, una erre, con una erre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Auto + Responder = Autorresponder o Autoresponder ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Auto + Replicante = Autorreplicante o autoreplicante ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es lo mismo para todas las palabras que cumplen estas condiciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13659" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T15:05:19.863" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T02:44:17.610" Title="¿Autorresponder va con doble ere o una erre?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19356" CreationDate="2017-01-19T14:58:49.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de México, lo he escuchado muy pocas ocasiones, siempre refiriéndose a una enfermedad (inventada) asociada a la dependencia del celular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya deja eso (refiriéndose al celular), parece que tienes &lt;strong&gt;celulitis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Ya hiciste tu tarea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-No&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Como que no? Otra vez con tu &lt;strong&gt;celulitis&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;El interlocutor no ha hecho su tarea por estar con el celular&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo muy común del mexicano, es agregar el itis para inventar enfermedades. Por ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jergasdehablahispana.org/Index.php?pais=M%E9xico&amp;amp;palabra=huevonitis&amp;amp;tipobusqueda=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Huevon-itis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T14:58:49.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19398" CreationDate="2017-01-19T15:01:13.497" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, aunque depende del prefijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las palabras compuestas con prefijo, debe escribirse rr si la posición del sonido vibrante múltiple es intervocálica: infrarrojo, vicerrector, contrarréplica (aunque estas mismas palabras, sin prefijo, se escriban con una sola r: rojo, rector, réplica)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rw5vgdMxbD6BZt8pbI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta letra &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt; solo se deja sin duplicar cuando el prefijo o primer elemento compositivo termina en consonante porque se trata de duplicar el sonido de &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; (erre doble) que tiene la &lt;code&gt;r&lt;/code&gt; al principio de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las palabras compuestas, cuando el primer elemento termina con una vocal y el segundo empieza con erre, &lt;strong&gt;es preciso duplicar la erre para mantener su sonido&lt;/strong&gt;: anti- + reumático no da antireumático, sino antirreumático (donde se pronuncia como erre). Del mismo modo, el prefijo pre- y el sustantivo rebajas forman prerrebajas, y no pre-rebajas o prerebajas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/rr-erre-doble-en-palabras-compuestas-940/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu en &lt;em&gt;la grafía rr en palabras compuestas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque en el mismo enlace se explica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, es frecuente encontrar: farmacoresistente (por farmacorresistente), nanorobot (por nanorrobot), contrarevolucionario (por contrarrevolucionario), georadar (por georradar), pararayos (por pararrayos), autoretrato (por autorretrato), puertoriqueño (por puertorriqueño) o termoregulador (por termorregulador).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que simplemente son casos extendido de mala formación de estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T15:24:58.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19402" CreationDate="2017-01-19T16:31:58.737" Score="4" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to write an email to someone I haven't yet met and I'd like to introduce the subject of the email in a formal manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, I might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm writing to you regarding your research...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have a good sense of how best to translate this. Perhaps something along the lines of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le escribo en cuanto se refiere a sus investigaciones sobre...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the above translation work, or are there better options?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2021-04-06T15:16:22.037" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T15:16:22.037" Title="How to introduce a subject in an email? As in &quot;I'm writing to you regarding...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19401" CreationDate="2017-01-19T18:20:40.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una fórmula que puedes usar es el de &lt;strong&gt;con respecto&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer unas aclaraciones &lt;strong&gt;con respecto&lt;/strong&gt; de sus investigaciones ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con &lt;strong&gt;respecto&lt;/strong&gt; de las investigaciones, quiero hacer unas aclaraciones ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar la fórmula &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer unas aclaraciones &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; sus investigaciones ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; sus investigaciones, quiero aclarar ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede usarse &lt;strong&gt;con referencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer unas aclaraciones &lt;strong&gt;con referencia&lt;/strong&gt; a sus investigaciones...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;Con referencia&lt;/strong&gt; a sus investigaciones, quiero aclarar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto &lt;strong&gt;aclaracion/aclarar&lt;/strong&gt; es un ejemplo; se puede usar cualquier otro motivo como el de &lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;puntualizar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;abordar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T18:20:40.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19401" CreationDate="2017-01-19T19:29:47.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you should specify wich country you will use it, take in mind that all I'm about to say is valid to Spain, but it's not sure for other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many ways of writing these type of things. If the principal subject of the email is the research, I'd save useless formalities or introductions, and go straight to the point, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recientemente he leído sus investigaciones y he pensado que/estoy de acuerdo con/pienso que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the principal subject is the research but you still want something like an introduction, maybe you want to speak about something else first for example, there are several well-known &quot;formulas&quot; to begin to speak about a certain subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If it's the first thing you are writing in the email:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le escribo la/el presente para comunicarle/expresarle que...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;&lt;em&gt;la/el&lt;/em&gt;&quot; article isn't THAT important here, since the forumla comes from old letters that was &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; carta&quot; and some people still use that femenine article instead of the masculine article that email have in Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also &lt;strong&gt;comunicarle&lt;/strong&gt; should be used only for really formal things, even legal things. Speaking about a research you could use it if he/she win an award f.i., but you'd use &lt;strong&gt;expresarle&lt;/strong&gt; or other more appropiate word to express your opinions and such.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Still if the subject is the first thing in the email, but if it's some sort of legal or super formal communication/letter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por la presente le comunico que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por la presente, y en representación del Consejo de Dirección de la Universidad X, le comunico que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the subject isn't the first thing in the email so you want to change the subject, the &lt;strong&gt;con respecto&lt;/strong&gt; formula Krauss told you in his answer is the more formal one, but the others Krauss proposed are still perfectly usable in a formal environment! Maybe you are using the phrase more than once and you don't want to repeat yourself, or some of the formulas are more used in one country and not in the others.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take in mind that there are some well known, frequently used, formal formulas in Spanish, but there isn't one perfect one you can use &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt;. To be formal is more about how you write the overall letter, than whether you use that or this word in some phrase.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Well, maybe you already know this last thing :) but that's what I was trying to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-26T03:41:59.137" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T03:41:59.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19396" CreationDate="2017-01-20T01:22:11.467" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No pienso que exista una razón histórica, me parece que la RAE crea normas como esta con el propósito de tener una ortografía &quot;regular&quot; para el español. De lo contrario, tendríamos algunas palabras con la combinación &quot;ai&quot; y algunas otras con &quot;ay&quot;, sin regla alguna que nos ayude a saber la ortografía correcta en cada caso. Unificando esta combinación de fonemas bajo una misma forma evitaría cometer errores ortográficos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T01:22:11.467" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19408" CreationDate="2017-01-20T02:52:43.057" Score="2" ViewCount="1155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero aprender cómo se usa la palabra &quot;tú&quot; en una región (por ejemplo, el uso de la palabra es diferente en España y en América Latina, y quiero preguntar sobre esta diferencia).  ¿Puedo decirle lo siguiente a una persona en la región, y me entenderá?  ¿Es idiomático?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se tutea (aquí/en México/...)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14741" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T07:22:27.710" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T16:42:56.210" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;¿Cómo se tutea?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19406" CreationDate="2017-01-20T07:24:50.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=azNQE9X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tutear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un verbo que designa el uso del &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; en una conversación entre personas. Es, por tanto, un verbo claramente definido y que solo tiene una forma de hacerse. Es decir, no se tutea de una forma u otra, sino que directamente se tutea (o no).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, al decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se tutea (aquí/en México/con tu suegra/...)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; hace que parezca que estamos preguntando por la forma de tuteo, lo que no tiene sentido.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Suena más correcto preguntar si es pertinente &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt; en un contexto o lugar dado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se tutea (aquí/en México/con tu suegra/...)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible tutear (aquí/en México/con tu suegra/...)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T07:24:50.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T07:58:42.793" Score="4" ViewCount="5841" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día una persona notó el comportamiento de nuestro hijo mayor en presencia del menor, y dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Sí que tiene pelusa, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tardé un segundo en darme cuenta de a lo que se refería, dado que apenas había oído esa expresión, digamos que más bien la saqué por contexto. Luego ya acudí al diccionario y pude ver que, efectivamente, el significado que yo esperaba aparece en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SQOaGH2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelusa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del despect. de &lt;em&gt;pelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Envidia propia de los niños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto de acepciones (1-4) son las habituales (pelo tenue o menudo, o aglomeración de polvo), más una de Chile que es &quot;niño callejero&quot;. Dejando de lado el saber si la expresión es regional o no (que también estaría bien saberlo), la pregunta más bien sería: ¿cómo ha llegado esa palabra a adquirir este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que por la tercera acepción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Vello tenue que aparece en la cara de las personas y en el cuerpo de los polluelos de algunas aves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se pueda derivar algo, dado que los niños pequeños nacen con una cierta pelusilla (vello corporal muy fino), pero no entiendo cómo de ahí se ha llegado a concepto de envidia. Lo más que se me ocurre es a través de frases como &quot;tiene celos del pelusa&quot;, siendo aquí &quot;pelusa&quot; una forma de llamar al niño pequeño, pero no me parece trivial el paso de ahí a &quot;tiene pelusa&quot;. Me parece una teoría muy cogida con pinzas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna otra idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T10:05:17.653" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;pelusa&quot; el significado de &quot;envidia/celos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19401" CreationDate="2017-01-20T08:13:07.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add another option, you can use &lt;strong&gt;en relación a&lt;/strong&gt;. Taking your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le escribo en relación a su investigación...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find some examples in the CREA reference corpus of Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le escribo en relación a la noticia que publicaron sobre el accidente-asesinato de un terrorista en Bélgica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Luis Cebrián, &quot;La rusa&quot;, 1986 (Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me permito escribirle en relación a una entrevista al señor Alvaro Bardón aparecida en HOY N.º 114.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Revista Hoy, 28/11-04/12/1979 (Chile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, according to the RAE the proper expression would be &lt;strong&gt;con relación a&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VoYtQP9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con relación a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. En correspondencia con, o conforme a.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. con respecto a.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La crítica de arte Vicky Torres escribió con relación a la muestra: [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC Color, 16/10/2000 : Muestra de pinturas de Eneide Boneu se inaugura el miércoles (Paraguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see from the examples, the expression is quite neutral as it is used both in the European Spanish and in the American Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T08:13:07.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T09:55:36.547" Score="3" ViewCount="7713" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el epígrafe &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5pfRKTI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bombero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario de la Lengua se recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de bombero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de algo como una idea o un comportamiento: Descabellado, absurdo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto la expresión &quot;idea de bombero&quot; con ese significado, pero no veo una clara relación con el significado de &quot;descabellado, absurdo&quot; que tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14441" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T16:35:43.017" Title="¿Por qué una &quot;idea de bombero&quot; es una idea descabellada o absurda?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20983" CreationDate="2017-01-20T10:06:33.077" Score="1" ViewCount="7073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo el otro día &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2017-01-07/gerard-pique-arbitros-lopetegui-seleccion-espanola_1312950/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; (muy malo, de prensa rosa deportiva) cuando me topé con una expresión que no había oído nunca antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el pasado, y no lejano, &lt;strong&gt;diferentes manifestaciones&lt;/strong&gt; de Gerard Piqué &lt;strong&gt;sentaron a cuerno quemado&lt;/strong&gt; en el interior del vestuario del Real Madrid. Sobre todo en el clan de los internacionales españoles, que torcieron el gesto más de una vez, al sentirse atacados por su compañero en la Selección española. El sonado episodio de Kevin Roldán y otras afirmaciones públicas del buen futbolista del Barça generaron tensión cuando el proceso de acercamiento y normalización en el interior de la Roja marchaba sin excesivos sobresaltos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contexto entendí que básicamente se refería a que dichas declaraciones sentaron mal a cierta gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me llamó la atención y la RAE me reveló su explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BakkB8M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuerno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saber algo a cuerno quemado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Hacer desagradable impresión en el ánimo. Su reprensión me supo a cuerno quemado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web del ministerio de Educación de España menciona en &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursos.cnice.mec.es/biologia/bachillerato/segundo/biologia/ud01/02_01_04_06.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curiosidades sobre las biomoléculas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- El olor especial que se dice a cuerno quemado y que se produce precisamente al quemar formaciones epidérmicas (cuernos, pezuñas, lana, pelo, uñas), se debe al contenido de azufre que presenta la proteína queratina, principal componente de estas estructuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es por tanto este el motivo de hablar de &lt;em&gt;oler a cuerno quemado&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuál es su origen? Lo digo porque no concibo demasiada gente a mi alrededor que haya olido alguna vez un cuerno que se está quemando, por lo que me resulta curioso cómo consiguieron popularizarlo aquellos que sí han vivido esta experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;bonus track&lt;/em&gt;, indicar que la RAE también me descubrió:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oler a cuerno quemado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Hacer sospechar que existen intenciones ocultas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al parecer es equivalente a la expresión &lt;em&gt;oler a chamusquina&lt;/em&gt;, ambas con un origen similar explicado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.muyinteresante.es/cultura/arte-cultura/articulo/icual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-me-huele-a-chamusquina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;me huele a chamusquina&quot;?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La locución tiene su origen en las hogueras inquisitoriales en las que ardían los libros y escritos sospechosos de herejía acompañados a veces de sus autores o impresores. Así, la frase se aplicó en principio a las obras y escritores que podían acabar en la hoguera de la Inquisición. Una versión del dicho es esta otra: &quot;me sabe a cuerno quemado&quot;. En su origen, significó estar en la sospecha de que alguien va a ser llevado al fuego inquisitorial por cornudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:35:20.043" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;saber a cuerno quemado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19411" CreationDate="2017-01-20T10:17:26.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-tener-ideas-de-bombero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/a&gt; nos saca de dudas, como siempre. En su artículo &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión ‘Tener ideas de bombero’?&lt;/em&gt;, comenta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien tiene una ocurrencia algo estrambótica y fuera de lo común se suele utilizar la expresión “tienes ideas de bombero” e incluso para enfatizar más lo absurdo del asunto se llega a decir “tienes ideas de bombero jubilado/retirado”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día cuando se te quedan las llaves dentro de casa llamas a un cerrajero, para un escape de agua a un fontanero o si se ha petado el diferencial de la luz a un electricista… para cada problema tenemos un especialista a quien recurrir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hubo un tiempo en el que el cuerpo de bomberos no solo era avisado para que acudiese a sofocar un fuego, sino que lo llamaban para solventar cualquier otro tipo de problema… a veces de lo más doméstico. Habituales son las imágenes en las que aparecen subiendo a un árbol para coger a un lindo gatito, rescatar a alguien que se ha quedado atascado en un ascensor, etc…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese era el motivo por el que la unidad se componía no solo de personas especializadas en apagar incendios, sino por otras que también dominaban múltiples facetas profesionales (cerrajería, electricidad, fontanería, albañilería…).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy a menudo tenían que echar mano de su ingenio para solventar el problema por el que había sido requerido sus servicios y evidentemente esas ideas, a pesar de ser estrambóticas, resultaban efectivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa habilidad por resolver cualquier problema o incidencia mediante ocurrencias que podían resultar extravagantes llevó a que se popularizara esta famosa expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece curiosa esta razón, pues con el tiempo &lt;em&gt;tener ideas de bombero&lt;/em&gt; se ha acabado ridiculizando, tomando una connotación de ideas raras o incluso malas, cuando su explicación sugiere que la idea mala fue del que precisó de la ayuda del bombero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T10:17:26.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19406" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:24:30.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cómo se tutea aquí?&quot; no es una pregunta con una única respuesta posible ni tan sencilla de responder. Formulada así suena un poco rara y probablemente haga que el interlocutor conteste solicitando una aclaración, pero si se la entiende como &quot;¿En qué ocasiones es correcto tutear a una persona aquí?&quot; o &quot;¿A quiénes se puede o no se puede tratar con el pronombre informal aquí?&quot;, las posibilidades son variadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En España se puede elegir entre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, y en plural, entre &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En buena parte de Latinoamérica la elección es entre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, en singular, pero sólo existe &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; en plural (y &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; es neutro en cuanto a su grado de formalidad o familiaridad).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En muchas regiones de Latinoamérica existe otro pronombre informal de segunda persona singular, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, además de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, y las reglas o costumbres que dictan cuál usar en cada caso son diferentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En ciertas regiones se usa &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; como pronombre familiar, íntimo, de manera contraria a las expectativas habituales en otros dialectos, donde &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; implica distanciamiento o formalidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En la región rioplatense (sur de Uruguay, zona litoral de Argentina) prácticamente no se usa el &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; sino sólo el &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, aunque el verbo para designar el uso del registro informal sigue siendo &lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt; (existe &lt;em&gt;vosear&lt;/em&gt; pero es un término técnico lingüístico). En esta región además el tratamiento informal es usado con mucha más frecuencia que en otras partes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La conjugación de los verbos en las regiones donde se usa &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; suelen diferir entre sí. En Argentina se dice &lt;em&gt;vos cantás / vos comés&lt;/em&gt;, en Chile se dice &lt;em&gt;vos cantái / vos comís&lt;/em&gt;, y en ciertas partes de Uruguay puede decirse &lt;em&gt;tú cantás / tú comés&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:03:45.693" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:03:45.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:33:25.453" Score="10" ViewCount="4782" Body="&lt;p&gt;Investigando para intentar responder a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19263/de-d%C3%B3nde-viene-la-expresi%C3%B3n-lucir-palmito&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado que en el Diccionario de la Lengua aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RZmjYFt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palmar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. intr. coloq. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ llegar al término de la vida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. tr. Nic. &lt;strong&gt;matar&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ quitar la vida). U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;palmarla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ llegar al término de la vida).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicando en la etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;palmāre&lt;/em&gt; 'dejar impresa la palma de la mano'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha pasado el significado de &quot;dejar impresa la palma de la mano&quot;  a &quot;morir, matar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14441" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:38:50.283" Title="¿Por qué &quot;palmar&quot; es morir?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19090" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:39:53.750" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí también me ha resultado curioso el surgimiento del término &lt;em&gt;cuñado&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al paladín del sentido común, pero con un toque grotesco, rancio y sobradillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este rol hace un tiempo que lo veo en producciones de Hollywood: un personaje principal es frecuentemente ninguneado por un cuñado con un carácter más dicharachero y sociable, pero a la vez de una simplicidad máxima y una capacidad de simplificar los problemas hasta límites perversamente maniqueos. Así a vuelapluma se me ocurre el cuñado del protagonista de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking_Bad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Breaking Bad&lt;/a&gt;, un policía sin demasiadas luces que lo deja en ridículo con sus comentarios (corregidme si me equivoco, pues apenas he visto un par de capítulos de esta serie).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España últimamente es un concepto muy utilizado para despreciar los planteamientos de alguien. Por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aE5AGeWJg-Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el diputado Gabriel Rufián intervino en el Congreso de los Diputados de octubre de 2016, durante la sesión de investidura del Presidente del Gobierno&lt;/a&gt;. En esa intervención llamó &amp;quot;cuñados&amp;quot; a los diputados de un partido político como forma de tachar sus propuestas como simplistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto ha crecido el concepto que incluso Fundéu lo recogió recientemente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/cunadismo-nuevo-significado/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuñadismo, nuevo significado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (un par de días antes de tu pregunta, casualmente):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término cuñadismo, que hasta ahora hacía referencia al nepotismo o favoritismo hacia los cuñados, ha ampliado su significado y se emplea sobre todo para referirse a la tendencia a opinar sobre cualquier asunto, queriendo aparentar ser más listo que los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empieza a ser habitual encontrar en los medios frases como las siguientes: «El cuñadismo ha triunfado en España», «¿Por qué nos engancha tanto el cuñadismo en televisión?» o «Radiografía del cuñadismo español, la pandemia que martiriza un país entero», todas ellas adecuadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se aprecia en estos ejemplos, este sustantivo se está empleando recientemente en España para denominar la actitud de quien aparenta saber de todo, habla sin saber pero imponiendo su opinión o se esfuerza por mostrar a los demás lo bien que hace las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario del español actual de Seco, Andrés y Ramos definía cuñadismo, en su edición de 1999, como el ‘nepotismo que recae sobre un cuñado’ («Los matrimonios políticos producen cuñadismo político»), esto es, con un significado muy próximo a amiguismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que el nuevo significado de cuñadismo obedezca a las características que popularmente suelen atribuirse a los cuñados, si bien el término no se circunscribe al ámbito familiar, pues se emplea de manera amplia en relación con cualquier persona que muestre esos rasgos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una voz coloquial, aunque no es raro encontrarla en medios de comunicación y hasta en tribunas políticas. No precisa comillas, al menos en España, donde el término se halla muy extendido y resulta de fácil comprensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con la componente jocosa, el periódico digital eldiario.es sacó estas Navidades el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/sociedad/bingo-cunao-antifeminista-cenas-Navidad_0_593891389.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'bingo cuñao antifeminista' para las cenas de Navidad&lt;/a&gt;. Bajo las frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y los hombres maltratados qué?, ni machismo ni feminismo, igualdad...Aquí van algunas frases que seguramente escuches en tus cenas de Navidad si te atreves a hablar de feminismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparte tus resultados en redes sociales con el hashtag #bingocuñao&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Invitaban a utilizar el siguiente &amp;quot;cartón&amp;quot; para ir marcando toda una serie de tópicos antifeministas cuando el presunto cuñado los mencionara durante una cena familiar. Lo copio aquí porque resulta bastante representativo sobre el tipo de frases con que se asocia a los cuñados: simplistas, con un sesgo de pretendido sentido común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pxNyq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pxNyqm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como colofón, me ha hecho especial gracia el estudio al respecto que se hace en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.antoniorico.es/2016/12/la-cunadez-simetrica.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La cuñadez simétrica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en el que cae en una cosa por otra parte evidente: si llamas a alguien cuñado, es porque tú lo eres de él:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten cuidado de a quién llamas cuñado. Porque si él es tu cuñado, tú eres el cuñado de él. No ocurría lo mismo antes, cuando la pariente maldita era la suegra. Con los parentescos asimétricos uno puede acusar sin quedar atrapado en la acusación, pero los parentescos simétricos te enredan con los mismos atributos de aquél al que calificas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) el hombre es un cuñado para el hombre. El cuñado ha dejado de ser un pariente para convertirse en una forma de ser cuya principal característica es que nadie se la atribuye a sí mismo, por más que tal autoatribución es inherente a su definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T16:00:45.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19011" CreationDate="2017-01-20T12:52:11.533" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me fue means &quot;oops&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am from Southamerica, and &quot;ostras&quot; has several meanings like many words in Spanish. If you use it unproperly this word has very offensive meanings, so take care when you use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14745" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:52:55.730" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:52:55.730" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19398" CreationDate="2017-01-20T12:58:29.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La doble &quot;rr&quot; se contrae en una sola cuando está al comienzo de la palabra. Es el caso de &quot;responder&quot;, que se pronuncia &quot;rresponder&quot; pero al estar en una palabra compuesta como &quot;autorresponder&quot; regresa a su estado original con &quot;rr&quot;, puesto que en español no existen palabras que se pronuncien con una sola &quot;r&quot; al inicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14745" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T14:56:10.617" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T14:56:10.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19415" CreationDate="2017-01-20T13:17:56.077" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya desde la primera versión del diccionario (el de autoridades) del siglo XVIII, se dispone de la siguiente definición de &quot;palmar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PALMAR. v.a. Voz de la Germanía, que significa dar por fuerza alguna cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción, que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RZmjYFt&quot;&gt;se mantiene hoy día&lt;/a&gt;, quiere decir que &quot;palmar&quot; es el acto de entregar algo sin que puedas hacer nada por evitarlo (por fuerza). Por tanto, el momento de entregar tu vida también es &quot;palmar&quot;, o &quot;palmarla&quot; (palmar la vida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino el origen de &quot;palmar&quot; como &quot;pon algo en la palma abierta de tu mano para que yo lo pueda coger&quot;. A continuación os pongo un ejemplo de uso de este significado original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si godas Campanas crio,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el me las auia &lt;strong&gt;palmado&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dineros que al Padre deuo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por mi los tiene pagados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ni me pilla lo que tengo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni me espilla lo que gano:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  assi dile a tu señor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que se monte ya a lo largo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y busque otra que le &lt;strong&gt;palme&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que ya le he &lt;strong&gt;palmado&lt;/strong&gt; harto:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y no venga por aca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que le sera mal contado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Romances de germanía de varios autores [...]&quot;, 1609 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:38:50.283" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:38:50.283" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19378" CreationDate="2017-01-20T13:22:03.283" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both words have &quot;ant&quot; at the begining, this mean what have something before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anteojo, before eyes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antojo, before food (but is more complicated in this case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antepasado, before relative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antediluviano, before &quot;Noé&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antepuesto, placed before something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14745" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:22:03.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19011" CreationDate="2017-01-20T15:55:21.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;strong&gt;&quot;se me fue&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; without any context could mean different things. Maybe you can give more context about it. Nevertheless, here are some examples that could be useful for you to understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Break up a relationship&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Maria: I've been so selfish and I lost him.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Isabel: Don't be so hard on yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Maria: ¡He sido muy egoista y se me fue (o lo perdí)!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -  Isabel: ¡No seas dura contigo misma!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Forgetting something spontaneously&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- José: Hey Juan, did you go to the party yesterday?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Juan: Damn, I completely forgot it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- José: Hey Juan, ¿fuiste a la fiesta ayer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Juan: Demonios*, ¡se me fue completamente! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Demonios, can be replaced by local or regional expresion. It depends on the culture.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Someone passed away&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Abigail: My dad passed away. I can't overcome it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Carlos: I am so sorry to hear that. Be strong!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Abigail: Mi padre se me fue. No puedo superarlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Carlos: ¡Cuánto lo siento! ¡Sé fuerte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Losing something suddenly&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Roberto: Holly s**t! I lost my wedding ring. It fell down into the sink!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Rosa: Oh no! I will call the plumber right away!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Roberto: Mi**da, ¡Se me fue el anillo de matrimonio por el lavatorio!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Rosa: ¡Oh no! ¡Llamaré al fontanero inmediatamente!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Losing control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Christian: Dude, you hit that car so hard!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Jorge: I lost control. The road is slippery!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Christian: Amigo*, ¡chocaste al otro carro muy fuerte!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Jorge: Se me fue. La carretera está muy resbalosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Amigo, can be replaced by local or regional expression. It depends on the culture.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6 Missing something&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Esteban: Oh no! I missed the bus again!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Esteban: ¡Oh no! ¡Se me fue (o perdí) el bus de nuevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="9309" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T19:20:06.410" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T19:20:06.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19427" CreationDate="2017-01-20T20:10:59.637" Score="9" ViewCount="29799" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama (si es que tiene un nombre) al efecto por el que un artículo es denominado por el nombre de una marca o fabricante, en lugar del propio nombre del artículo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces una marca se impone tanto en la venta, distribución o fabricación de un producto, o simplemente en el vocabulario popular, que ese producto empieza a ser más conocido por ese nombre que le da la marca del fabricante o la marca en sí que por el nombre genérico del producto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La tapa del &lt;em&gt;delco&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribuidor_(autom%C3%B3vil)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Delco&lt;/a&gt;, una empresa de General Motors, fue la primera en fabricar &lt;em&gt;distribuidores&lt;/em&gt;, que son un elemento de encendido en los motores. La gente en lugar de decir &quot;la tapa del distribuidor&quot; solía decir &quot;la tapa del &lt;em&gt;delco&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mirad &lt;a href=&quot;https://consejos.oscaro.es/cambiar-tapa-de-delco-automovil.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt;, en el que se hace referencia al &quot;distribuidor&quot; y la palabra &quot;delco&quot; no aparece para nada. Sin embargo, fijáos el la URL: &quot;cambiar-tapa-de-&lt;strong&gt;delco&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, ya que pretende capturar las búsquedas de &quot;cambiar tapa delco&quot; en Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En mi casa siempre decíamos &quot;Me voy a tomar un &lt;em&gt;Cola Cao&lt;/em&gt;&quot; aunque siempre fuimos de &lt;em&gt;Nesquick&lt;/em&gt;. No decíamos &quot;cacao en polvo&quot; ni nada parecido. Le llamábamos por el nombre de la marca más conocida, incluso si era distinta a la que realmente usábamos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo daba clases de dibujo técnico (y he de admitir que de eso hace casi unos veinte años) había que pasar los dibujos a tinta, por lo que tenías que comprarte un &quot;rotring&quot;. En realidad lo que necesitabas era una &quot;pluma técnica&quot;, pero se las conocía por el nombre de una de las empresas que las fabricaban: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotring&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rotring&lt;/a&gt;. Si ibas a la papelería el dependiente, que ya estaba al tanto de este efecto, podía mostrarte unas plumas más económicas (de otras marcas) que las Rotring, porque entendía que no necesariamente le estabas pidiendo esa marca específica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es común oir &quot;Usa la &lt;em&gt;minipimer&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que no es sino una batidora de mano. Mirad estos ejemplos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licuadora_de_mano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo #1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080610111255AAw3F6a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo #2&lt;/a&gt;; con especial atención al primer enlace que dice:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La empresa [...] mantuvo el nombre original del artefacto: [Minipimer], que se ha convertido en el nombre común de este tipo de batidoras.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Y añado: &quot;aunque las fabrique otro que no sea Braun/Minipimer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Análogos al anterior: &quot;Receta para la thermomix&quot;. Thermomix es el nombre del fabricante más conocido de este tipo de &lt;em&gt;robots de cocina&lt;/em&gt;. A veces te puedes encontrar con instrucciones que son específicas para este modelo o fabricante, y otras veces son completamente &quot;genéricas&quot; pero se refieren al electrodoméstico por la marca. De igual manera, &quot;la &lt;em&gt;singer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; denominaba antes a una máquina de coser, porque todas eran marca Singer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Similar, aunque posiblemente mucho menos extendido que alguno de los anteriores, el decir &quot;una rebanada de pan &lt;em&gt;Bimbo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en lugar de &quot;pan de molde&quot; o &quot;pan de sandwich&quot;, porque &lt;em&gt;Bimbo&lt;/em&gt; era (es) una de las empresas más conocidas o con mayor presencia (ahora hay muchas más &quot;marcas blancas&quot; que antes). De manera similar &quot;Petit suisse&quot; era un &quot;mini yogur&quot; destinado a los más pequeños. Danone en su momento les cambió el nombre a &quot;Danoninos&quot;, pero por mucho tiempo &quot;&lt;em&gt;petisuis&lt;/em&gt;&quot; era como se le llamaba al &quot;mini yougur&quot; de la marca que fuera.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No llores, que se te corre el &lt;em&gt;Rimmel&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &quot;Trucos para que no se te corra el &lt;em&gt;Rimmel&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Rimmel era la marca más conocida de máscara de pestañas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que a muchos estos ejemplos les sonarán completamente &lt;em&gt;alienígenas&lt;/em&gt;. A algunos por la diferencia de país y a otros por la diferencia de edad (servidor hace tiempo que peina canas...). En cualquier caso, creo que hay suficientes para ilustrar el efecto. ¿Tiene nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T21:50:45.813" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T14:17:07.853" Title="¿Cómo se llama el efecto de llamar a las cosas por el nombre de una marca conocida?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19424" CreationDate="2017-01-20T22:17:56.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El proceso se llama &lt;strong&gt;lexicalización&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se da cuando una cualidad de algo o alguien que tiene cierto nombre propio se aplica a otras cosas o personas, es decir, se ha perdido la conexión directa con el nombre propio del que derivan, y puede ser tanto una metonimia como una antonomasia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un procedimiento habitual para la formación de nuevos nombres comunes y puede tener raíces históricas; por ejemplo, palacio es una lexicalización de Pallatium, nombre latino de la colina donde estaba el palacio de Augusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lexicalizaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikilengua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14747" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T01:31:47.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19458" CreationDate="2017-01-21T02:53:21.380" Score="7" ViewCount="2776" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta confuso y contraintuitivo denominar &lt;strong&gt;Alta&lt;/strong&gt; Edad Media a un período que antecede a otro denominado &lt;strong&gt;Baja&lt;/strong&gt; Edad Media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna razón detrás de estos nombres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mayor confusión, en inglés se divide a la Edad Media en tres períodos, siendo la Alta Edad Media la etapa del medio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Early Middle Ages&lt;/em&gt; (Temprana Edad Media)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;High Middle Ages&lt;/em&gt; (Alta Edad Media)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Late Middle Ages&lt;/em&gt; (Tardía Edad Media)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto por qué simplemente no utilizamos los terminos &quot;temprana&quot; y &quot;tardía&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14748" LastActivityDate="2020-06-11T08:05:09.663" Title="¿Por qué las dos partes en las que se divide la Edad Media fueron denominadas Alta (la primera) y Baja (la segunda) en español?" Tags="&lt;terminología&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19424" CreationDate="2017-01-21T04:51:53.080" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;El proceso se llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgarizaci%C3%B3n_de_marca&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vulgarización de marcas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La vulgarización de las marcas es un proceso más bien negativo para las marcas que representan. En el aspecto legal, se inicia por una tercera persona. Generalmente por un empresa que se ve afectada por el uso generalizado. Una vez vulgarizada la marca, el nombre puede ser utilizado por cualquiera de manera indistinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente, es un ejemplo de &lt;strong&gt;lexicalización&lt;/strong&gt; en cuanto al hecho de que se incorpora un palabra nueva al lenguaje derivado de un uso funcional. En esta caso una marca pierde la representatividad del producto específico y se vuelve genérica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lexicalización  es también la conversion de siglas, como por ejemplo: IMSS, PYME, AFORE, NIP, LÁSER, IVA, IFE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T01:49:13.733" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T01:49:13.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2148" CreationDate="2017-01-21T09:06:22.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the computer vision context, if you use terms like &lt;em&gt;Análisis de &lt;strong&gt;blobs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Reconocimiento de &lt;strong&gt;blobs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; they will be understood. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in Spanish, the term that appears to be more general is &lt;em&gt;Análisis de &lt;strong&gt;regiones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Other terms that can be understood are: &lt;em&gt;Análisis de &lt;strong&gt;células&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Análisis de &lt;strong&gt;objetos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T09:06:22.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="793" CreationDate="2017-01-21T09:49:21.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In modern Spanish both verbs &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; can be used with &lt;strong&gt;muerto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt; is used to describe the condition of being dead. The key is that the subject has not always been dead; the subject was alive sometime in the past. So, here being dead or alive is a transient condition. Other adjectives that depict a transient condition are &lt;strong&gt;vivo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;enfermo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;preso&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;libre&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;soltero&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;casado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;divorciado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;viudo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hombre está vivo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hombre está sano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hombre está libre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hombre está casado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples like &lt;strong&gt;libre&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;soltero&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;casado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;divorciado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;viudo&lt;/strong&gt; can also have the verb &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; without changing the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hombre es libre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hombre es soltero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hombre es divorciado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sano&lt;/strong&gt; can be preceded by the verb &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; but the meaning is altered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hombre es &lt;strong&gt;sano&lt;/strong&gt; (means that the man is healthy, not only is well but he probably has a healthy life that maintains him well)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With adjectives like &lt;strong&gt;muerto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;casado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;divorciado&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;sano&lt;/strong&gt; (although with sano is somewhat weird) you can use tenses other than present to indicate that the new condition is initiated by the action of a third party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fue&lt;/strong&gt; muerto a balazos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Serán&lt;/strong&gt; casados por un ministro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ha &lt;strong&gt;sido&lt;/strong&gt; divorciado en dos ocasiones (correct but &lt;strong&gt;estado&lt;/strong&gt; is more usual)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y por su palabra &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; sano (It's correct but somewhat archaic)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T09:49:21.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-21T10:42:10.987" Score="5" ViewCount="1045" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18712/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-chiste-m%C3%A1s-antiguo-conocido-escrito-en-espa%C3%B1ol/19428?noredirect=1#comment29091_19428&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es el chiste m&amp;#225;s antiguo conocido escrito en espa&amp;#241;ol?&lt;/a&gt; se pregunta específicamente sobre el primer relato gracioso  que se escribió en el idioma español. Pero, en el sigio XVI, el significado de la palabra chiste no implicaba un relato gracioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el siglo XVI, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; es muy cercana a chisme. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La carta que me escribiste agora bien parecía ser del urdimbre de vuestro juicio y de la estofa ... religioso, y aun de los muy observantes, de san Francisco, me metáis agora en chistes de amores y me empadronéis con los muy enamorados. (1539)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros textos que refieren la palabra chiste en el s.XIII, son cuentos o anécdotas sin necesidad de tener un carácter gracioso. P. ej, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=Twn-O95qR0UC&amp;amp;dq=%22chiste%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Glosa del romance sobre el saco de Roma. El chiste de la monja: contrahecho a lo espiritual. Un mote muy sentido&lt;/a&gt;  (1501)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el siglo XIII se usaba con una connotación negativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;más vale digan esso que &lt;strong&gt;chistas&lt;/strong&gt; e locuras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición más antigua de las tres palabras que encontre aparece en: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=YsRKAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22chisme%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española&lt;/a&gt; (1611)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chisme&lt;/strong&gt;- Y chismería. Chismoso que va con nuevas de otro de cosas que debiera callar por habérsela fiado y dicha en perjuicio de la person a quien lo revela que ha de tomar a disgusto. Dicha con malicia para revolver y causar diferencias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Chistar&lt;/strong&gt;- Querer empezar a hablar. Los que estan escondidos no han ni aun de chistar; que es echar aliento con algún espíritu o sonido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;strong&gt;Chiste&lt;/strong&gt;- Vale donaire. Estos chistes le tienen cuando se dicen con mucha agudeza y pocas palabras, como a la oreja. Del sonido chis chis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único análisis etimológico extendido que se ofrece es el de &lt;strong&gt;chisme&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;τρισμος&lt;/strong&gt;, murmurar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;γογγυσμος&lt;/strong&gt;, tambien murmurar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;σχίσμα&lt;/strong&gt;, discordia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Del árabe &lt;strong&gt;gisme&lt;/strong&gt;, o pequeña que se pone sobre la letra q.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T13:00:11.467" Title="¿Tienen las palabras chiste, chisme y chistar una etimología común?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19431" CreationDate="2017-01-21T13:00:11.467" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE, que sin duda habrás consultado, tanto &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;chistar&lt;/em&gt; son de origen onomatopéyico, mientras que &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;schisma&lt;/em&gt; y éste del griego &lt;em&gt;σχίσμα&lt;/em&gt; &quot;discordia&quot; (que dio también el término culto &lt;em&gt;cisma&lt;/em&gt;). De manera que no parece haber origen común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el parecido fonético entre los términos puede haber reforzado cierta afinidad de significado, es decir, haber fomentado una etimología folclórica que analice ambos términos como cognados y los reinterprete como tales. A fin de cuentas, tanto un chiste como un chisme suelen ser cosas falsas o distorsionadas destinadas a reírse, burlarse o desprestigiar a otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota en apoyo de esta idea podría mencionar que en Argentina se dice &lt;em&gt;chusmear&lt;/em&gt; a la acción de entrometerse para escuchar o espiar o ser testigo de algo que uno no debería, y &lt;em&gt;chusmo/a&lt;/em&gt; se usa a veces como adjetivo para designar a quien escucha lo que no debe y lo propaga aun sin saber si es cierto, es decir, una persona chismosa. Aquí se han emparentado por analogía dos palabras que no tienen relación etimológica alguna (&lt;em&gt;chusma&lt;/em&gt; significa originalmente la tripulación de remeros de una galera y viene del griego &lt;em&gt;κέλευσμα&lt;/em&gt; que designaba al canto acompasado con el cual se marcaba el ritmo a los galeotes), ayudado por el hecho de que la moderna acepción de &lt;em&gt;chusma&lt;/em&gt; implica malos modales o baja educación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T13:00:11.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19426" CreationDate="2017-01-21T14:08:53.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;También a mí siempre me ha parecido curioso, pero nunca me lo había planteado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo sin embargo que el DRAE le da una explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=27ieUu8%7C27onkvl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11. adj. Dicho de un determinado período histórico: Que está en sus primeras etapas. El Alto Imperio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque curiosamente también puede querer decir lo contrario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;21. adj. Dicho de un período de tiempo: Avanzado o próximo a su fin. Bien alta la noche. A altas horas de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realizando una búsqueda más exhaustiva me encuentro con que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de Diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; revela distintas curiosidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la acepción 11 (la primera que cito) solo está presente desde la edición de 2001, si bien ya en 1992 se cita:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adj.Con referencia a tiempos históricos, remoto o antiguo. La ALTA Edad Media, el ALTO Imperio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que posteriormente en 2001 se &amp;quot;sumerge&amp;quot; en la tercera acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. adj. Más elevado en relación a otro término inferior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la acepción 21 (la segunda) ya aparece en 1925.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la sensación que da es que en la gente que recoge las entradas para el diccionario últimamente predomina la visión de nuestro tiempo como un camino cuesta abajo en el que ahora mismo estamos en la parte baja. ¿Os convence el razonamiento? A mí no demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si analizamos la evolución histórica del término &lt;em&gt;alta edad media&lt;/em&gt; observamos que es un concepto relativamente nuevo, tal y como muestra &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/interactive_chart?content=alta+edad+media&amp;amp;year_start=1200&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Calta%20edad%20media%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt; en el que observamos que antes de 1900 no se usaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TnBcN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TnBcNl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T15:37:07.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19434" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-21T14:10:31.193" Score="2" ViewCount="592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to ask you guys if they are the same?&#xA;Because I didn't find any exercises on line for &quot;perfecto compuesto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14751" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T14:24:05.253" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:31:52.843" Title="Are the tenses &quot;preterito perfecto&quot; and &quot;perfecto compuesto&quot; the same tense?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19426" CreationDate="2017-01-21T14:21:22.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Justo iba a exponer lo mismo que fedorqui acaba de responder: las palabras &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=27ieUu8%7C27onkvl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alto&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4oyrC6G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bajo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; ya tienen esos significados (acepciones 11 y 17, respectivamente). Añadir simplemente que las etapas históricas en este caso tienen similitud con los imperios: tienen un auge y un declive. Imagínate las etapas históricas de la siguiente forma: como una gráfica en la que exponemos el tiempo en el eje horizontal y, digamos, el esplendor de la etapa histórica en el vertical. En el centro del periodo considerado tendremos el máximo esplendor, y en los extremos menos esplendor, quedando la gráfica como una campana de Gauss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, a la primera mitad de la gráfica, que se consideraría el auge hacia su máximo esplendor (es decir, el periodo al alza), se le denomina el periodo &quot;alto&quot;, mientras que la segunda mitad, el periodo en declive o a la baja, sería el periodo &quot;bajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:21:22.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19434" CreationDate="2017-01-21T14:31:52.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems the name of the tenses you mention are somewhat incomplete. Taking the verb &quot;cantar&quot; as example, you have two differentes tenses in the indicative mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple: yo canté, tú cantaste...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretérito perfecto compuesto: yo he cantado, tú has cantado...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference is that the simple tense emphasises the fact that the action is in the past, and the compound tense takes the present as the consequence of the past action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:31:52.843" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19426" CreationDate="2017-01-21T14:49:28.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se dijo, &lt;em&gt;alto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt; en historia refieren a &quot;temprano&quot; y &quot;tardío&quot; respectivamente. Vale aclarar, sin embargo, que &lt;strong&gt;en geología y paleontología&lt;/strong&gt; la imagen de auge y declive es reemplazada por la referencia a la profundidad de los estratos, de lo cual resulta que se utiliza el término &lt;em&gt;superior&lt;/em&gt; para denominar a las épocas más recientes (&quot;Cretácico Superior&quot;) e &lt;em&gt;inferior&lt;/em&gt; para los más antiguos. La razón es que las capas de sedimentos donde se encuentran los fósiles, por ejemplo, se encuentran generalmente más abajo cuanto más antiguas sean, por obvias razones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés se utilizan alternativamente las dos terminologías (se dice &lt;em&gt;Upper Cretaceous&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Late Cretaceous&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T14:49:28.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19439" CreationDate="2017-01-21T16:32:36.020" Score="6" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el caso de agua es &quot;el agua&quot; y para arroz &quot;el arroz&quot; entonces para &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroesmeriladora&quot;&gt;amoladora&lt;/a&gt;, ¿no debería que ser &quot;el amoladora&quot;? Pero me suena raro, por eso pregunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T19:46:47.080" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T19:46:47.080" Title="¿Es &quot;la amoladora&quot; o &quot;el amoladora&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19438" CreationDate="2017-01-21T16:59:25.860" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El agua&lt;/em&gt; lleva &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; porque, a pesar de que &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; es palabra femenina (decimos que &lt;em&gt;está fría&lt;/em&gt;), la primera sílaba es tónica y el primer fonema es /a/.  Si colocamos un adjetivo entre el artículo y el sustantivo, vuelve a ser &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;la cristalina agua&lt;/em&gt; (pero &lt;em&gt;el agua cristalina&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El arroz&lt;/em&gt; tiene &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; porque es masculino.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que aparezca obligatoriamente la aloforma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; (que dice &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;) o facultativamente la aloforma &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; (que dice &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt;), es necesario cumplir lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser sustantivo femenino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aparecer el sustantivo justo después del artículo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comenzar el sustantivo /a/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acentuarse el sustantivo en la primera sílaba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cumple con (1) el caso de &lt;em&gt;[el/la] amoladora&lt;/em&gt; porque es sustantivo femenino (1).  También con (2) porque tiene el artículo seguido por el sustantivo sin otra palabra interpuesta.  Tampoco hay problema hasta (3), porque comienza con /a/.  Pero no cumple con (4) porque la primera sílaba no es la acentuada (es la cuarta: &lt;em&gt;amoladóra&lt;/em&gt;).  Así que, no se dice &lt;em&gt;el amoladora&lt;/em&gt;, sino siempre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la amoladora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T19:45:34.333" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T19:45:34.333" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2017-01-22T02:34:40.890" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile &quot;fideos&quot; are as described in the other answers, but we use the word &quot;tallarines&quot; to mean spaghetti or any long pasta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14753" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T04:22:20.250" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T04:22:20.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19444" CreationDate="2017-01-22T08:37:06.837" Score="1" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un duda sobre cómo traducir correctamente &lt;strong&gt;dial-up modem&lt;/strong&gt;. Según mi traducción sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conexión por modem&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero buscando en google el puro término &lt;strong&gt;dial-up&lt;/strong&gt; me sale con &lt;strong&gt;Conexión por línea conmutada&lt;/strong&gt;, lo cual es una conexión a internet donde el cliente utiliza el modem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, mi traducción como &lt;em&gt;Conexión por modem&lt;/em&gt; es correcta? O hay una traducción mejor para esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14709" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T01:14:33.440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T01:14:33.440" Title="¿Como traducir &quot;dial-up modem&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19443" CreationDate="2017-01-22T08:41:23.987" Score="3" ViewCount="7088" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned that following phrases are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ir al cine&#xA;ir de excursión&#xA;ir a una exposición&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand when to use ir de/al/a la/a un/a una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why dont we use &quot;ir de cine&quot; or &quot;ir a un cine&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why dont we use &quot;ir a la excursión&quot; or &quot;ir a una excursión&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why dont we use &quot;ir a la exposición&quot; or &quot;ir de exposición&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14467" LastActivityDate="2019-11-16T10:11:56.370" Title="Confusion with &quot;ir de/al/a la/a un/a una&quot; phrases" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19442" CreationDate="2017-01-22T09:35:29.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is that &lt;strong&gt;cine&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;exposición&lt;/strong&gt; is a specific place and &lt;strong&gt;excursion&lt;/strong&gt; is an activity. So, with an &lt;em&gt;specific place&lt;/em&gt; you should use &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and with &lt;em&gt;activities&lt;/em&gt; you should use &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;l cine. (al is a contraction of &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la exposición&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la escuela&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;l club&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only in these cases, you should add the article (i.e. el, la, los, las, un, una, unos, unas.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta noche iré a &lt;em&gt;el cine&lt;/em&gt; (Is not correct to write &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; instead)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mañana iré a &lt;em&gt;la escuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  quiero ir a &lt;em&gt;la exposición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  quiero ir a &lt;em&gt;los estadios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mañana iré a &lt;em&gt;unos talleres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ayer fui a &lt;em&gt;unas&lt;/em&gt; exposiciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is correct to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;un cine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;una exposición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;una excursión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because you use an indefinite article meaning that, for example, you go to a movie theater. You don't specify which theater though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With activities (but not verbs) you should use &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; compras&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; excursión&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; vacaciones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; juerga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is an action (a verb) you should use &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; comprar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; jugar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; comer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; descansar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ir &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; celebrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-01-22T10:06:48.773" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T10:06:48.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19441" CreationDate="2017-01-22T13:02:02.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto decir &lt;strong&gt;conexión por módem&lt;/strong&gt;. Módem es un anglicismo aceptado en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, es de mencionar que los servicios de Internet por cable también utilizan un módem. Así que, dependiendo de el contexto completo, sea necesario decir &lt;em&gt;Conexión por &lt;strong&gt;módem&lt;/strong&gt; telefónico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conexión por &lt;strong&gt;módem&lt;/strong&gt; de línea conmutada&lt;/em&gt;; al contrario de &lt;em&gt;conexión por &lt;strong&gt;cable-módem&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;em&gt;conexión por &lt;strong&gt;cable módem&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;cablemódem&lt;/strong&gt; también se utiliza aunque no aparece en el DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T13:02:02.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-22T21:14:39.050" Score="8" ViewCount="1009" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntando por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19246/c%C3%B3mo-se-conjuga-el-verbo-instanciar&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se conjuga el verbo &amp;quot;instanciar&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; me di cuenta de que los verbos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-iar&lt;/em&gt; están divididos en dos grupos según cómo conjugan el singular del presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijémonos en &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;anunciar&lt;/em&gt;, los cuales parecen compartir la raíz latina &lt;em&gt;-iāre&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FsWKK9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enviar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: Del lat. tardío inviāre 'caminar', 'recorrer'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30C6Foc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anunciar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: Del lat. annuntiāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conjugación del singular en el presente presenta un sonido tónico en distinto lugar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;persona&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;enviar&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt; anunciar&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;yo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;env&lt;code&gt;í&lt;/code&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;an&lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt;ncio&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;tú&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;env&lt;code&gt;í&lt;/code&gt;as&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;an&lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt;ncias&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;él, ella&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;env&lt;code&gt;í&lt;/code&gt;a&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;an&lt;code&gt;u&lt;/code&gt;ncia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; se opta por romper el diptongo y decir &lt;em&gt;/en-&lt;strong&gt;ví&lt;/strong&gt;-o/&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que en &lt;em&gt;anunciar&lt;/em&gt; se mantiene y, por contra, la tónica recae en la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; anterior: &lt;em&gt;/a-&lt;strong&gt;nun&lt;/strong&gt;-cia/&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el bloque de enviar me encuentro también con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hq8iPy4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fiar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: Del lat. &lt;em&gt;fidāre&lt;/em&gt;, por &lt;em&gt;fidĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y otros me irán apareciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué origen tiene tal distinción en la pronunciación de los verbos? ¿Viene de su raíz latina o hay algún proceso fonológico posterior que lo explique? ¿Se pueden efectivamente separar en dos grandes bloques o hay alguna otra posibilidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-30T13:07:26.703" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:07:26.703" Title="¿Por qué los verbos terminados en &quot;-iar&quot; se dividen en dos acentuaciones distintas en el singular del presente?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-22T22:26:44.147" Score="5" ViewCount="30228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente en mi contrato de prestación de servicios profesionales yo antecedo a mi nombre mi título universitario (Ing.). Sin embargo, un cliente me hizo notar que debería utilizar mejor C. (Como abreviatura de ciudadano) dado que el título universitario bien puede no ser válido en el supuesto que lo hubiera obtenido en otro país por ejemplo, en cambio ciudadano garantiza que tengo la capacidad de celebrar el contrato legalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo especificada mi nacionalidad en las declaraciones del contrato, así como el documento de identificación que me habilita como ciudadano. Pero de acuerdo a lo comentado por mi cliente posiblemente debería anteponer a mi nombre: &quot;C. Ing.&quot;. ¿Cuál sería la forma correcta o en su defecto la más adecuada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi región es México Central. Y ciertamente al menos en el centro de México las personas anteceden su título académico a su nombre. Por ejemplo Ing. Juan Carlos, Arq. Laura, Lic. Sandoval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14761" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T07:05:51.363" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T11:00:18.960" Title="¿Qué debo poner antes del nombre, &quot;C.&quot; o &quot;Ing.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19246" CreationDate="2017-01-23T02:02:03.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;instancio&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sería la correcta conjugación.   Si pusieras un tilde en la &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt;, no sonara como el infinitivo.  No sé como se llama esta regla, pero así es.  La conjugacion debe sonar similar a la raíz del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instanciar lleve su éstres en la primera 'a', y por eso hay que tratar de conjugar el verbo con el mismo ritmo/sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el verbo &quot;desgraciar&quot;.  &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; se lo conjugaría así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desgrac&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;o  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni siquiera el verbo &quot;graciar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grac&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el verbo fuera &quot;instancíar&quot; lo conjugarías con el tilde para mantener ese concordancia de sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: &quot;guiar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho que el infinitivo no lleva tilda en la &quot;i&quot; significa que es &quot;i tónica&quot;, y tambien ya es la sílaba penúltima.  La &quot;a&quot; y la &quot;i&quot; no combinan en diptongo porque el &quot;r&quot; necesita esa &quot;a&quot; para desarrollar la última sílaba.  Pero cuando lo conjugas, no más hay un &quot;r&quot;, y tienes que prevenir la formación de diptongos con un tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Gu&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Gu&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Gu&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Gu&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;an&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Gu&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;amos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la misma razón movimos el tilde cuándo hacemos un mandato con objecto indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cántamelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no lo muevas, sonara así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cantámelo - &lt;em&gt;puse el tilde por énfasis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que eso tenga sentido.  Español no es mi lengua nativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T02:33:59.443" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T02:33:59.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19449" CreationDate="2017-01-23T04:19:51.567" Score="3" ViewCount="1729" Body="&lt;p&gt;I took an online quiz about Spanish proverbs which promised to tell me whether or not I'm &quot;truly Mexican&quot;. As it happens, I'm &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; Mexican, so I did rather poorly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the quiz, I was told: &quot;La cagaste. Ni modo, a lo hecho, pecho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &quot;la cagaste&quot; means something along the lines of &quot;you fucked it up&quot; (literally, &quot;you shat it&quot;). I have no idea what &quot;ni modo, a lo hecho, pecho&quot; means. Google Translate translates it as &quot;No way, done that, chest&quot;, which is not very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does &quot;Ni modo, a lo hecho, pecho&quot; mean?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers in Spanish are okay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12330" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T03:03:13.200" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T03:03:13.200" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;Ni modo, a lo hecho, pecho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19448" CreationDate="2017-01-23T07:45:14.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As fedorqui commented, there are in fact two separate expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Ni modo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answered in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1280/1674&quot;&gt;another question&lt;/a&gt;, so I'll just leave here the RAE definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PUzkYPH#D3pNfCS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ni modo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. coloq. Méx. y R. Dom. U. para indicar que algo ya no tiene remedio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;A lo hecho, pecho&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression does not show up in the DRAE as is, but you can look up the definition for &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt; and you will find things like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SGn4UWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pecho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;pectus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Valor, esfuerzo, fortaleza y constancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sacar alguien pecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Adoptar una actitud de orgullo, de arrogancia o de desafío.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Actuar con decisión y valor ante una situación difícil.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener pecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Tener paciencia y ánimo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the expression could mean something like &quot;face the consequences of what you have just done with courage and patience&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for the expression could be that &quot;courage&quot; (and other similar emotions) is an emotion that is traditionally considered to have its origin in the heart, which is inside the chest (&lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt;). This is the fist use I have found in Spanish literature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas ya que humano remedio&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No puede impedir lo hecho,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Poner a lo hecho el pecho&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de la Cueva, &quot;Tragedia de los siete infantes de Lara&quot;, 1579 (Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;poner el pecho&quot; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poner alguien el pecho a algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Arrostrarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3nshKZj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrostrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;rostro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer cara, resistir, sin dar muestras de cobardía, a las calamidades o peligros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Sufrir o tolerar a alguien o algo desagradable. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Atreverse, arrojarse a batallar rostro a rostro con el contrario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T02:59:37.090" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T02:59:37.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22386" CreationDate="2017-01-23T08:29:51.890" Score="8" ViewCount="3145" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchos textos escritos en los primeros siglos del español (siglos XVII en adelante) aparece &lt;em&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt; usado como conjunción causal, a la que la RAE le otorga el siguiente significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6MvUeqe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;quia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. causal. desus. &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que signifique &quot;porque&quot; pero esté en desuso me llevó a pensar en un principio que &quot;porque&quot; fue algo que apareció más tarde y que acabó desplazando a &quot;ca&quot;, pero no es así. Ya desde el mencionado siglo XVII aparecen ambas en textos. Véanse los siguientes ejemplos tomados del Poema de Mio Cid (c. 1140):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grande duelo avién las yentes cristianas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ascóndense de mio Cid, &lt;strong&gt;ca&lt;/strong&gt; no l'osan dezir nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plogo a mio Cid, &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; creció en la yantar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  plogo a los otros omnes, todos cuantos con él están.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿existía alguna sutil diferencia entre &quot;ca&quot; y &quot;porque&quot; que hiciera que cada una se usara en contextos o situaciones diferentes? Y por ir un poco más allá, ¿hubo alguna causa que hiciera que &quot;ca&quot; desapareciera del uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T14:02:57.550" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T16:38:37.277" Title="Diferencias entre &quot;ca&quot; y &quot;porque&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T09:14:46.060" Score="1" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen both &lt;em&gt;arteria&lt;/em&gt; with and without an accent (&lt;em&gt;arteria&lt;/em&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;artería&lt;/em&gt;). Why is it so? Is there any difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of use for &lt;em&gt;artería&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es el chorro de una &lt;strong&gt;artería&lt;/strong&gt; —dijo en voz baja—.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El revés descargado en el lado del cuello, en la &lt;strong&gt;artería&lt;/strong&gt; carótida, ahogó el chillido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.foboko.com/diccionario-frases/espanol/arter%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example for &lt;em&gt;arteria&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;arteria&lt;/strong&gt; es un conducto cuya función es llevar la sangre desde el corazón hasta las diferentes partes de nuestro cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.definicionabc.com/salud/arteria.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14763" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T11:29:20.413" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T11:34:59.303" Title="Why is &quot;arteria&quot; sometimes accentuated?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18709" CreationDate="2017-01-23T09:45:57.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a su pregunta 4), claro que es posible utilizar otras formas verbales, aparte del gerundio, para expresar 'acciones - o procesos - en curso de desarrollo'. Un simple infinitivo ya puede servir para eso: en &lt;em&gt;Estoy oyéndola &lt;strong&gt;tocar&lt;/strong&gt; el piano&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo, el infinitivo &lt;em&gt;tocar&lt;/em&gt; ya expresa una acción en curso de desarrollo. Lo mismo cabe decir del presente simple en casos como &lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;haces&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;strong&gt;Leo&lt;/strong&gt; el periódico&lt;/em&gt; y de cualquier imperfecto, como en &lt;em&gt;Cuando yo &lt;strong&gt;subía&lt;/strong&gt; hace un momento, &lt;strong&gt;bajaba&lt;/strong&gt; el jefe hecho una furia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, la respuesta a su primera pregunta es parcialmente negativa debido a que el 'patrón' que Ud. percibe  - y que, según Ud., le 'funciona' - no puede 'funcionarle' &lt;strong&gt;del todo&lt;/strong&gt; bien, porque, en lo que respecta a los tiempos 'simples' (no así en lo tocante a los perfectos y 'progresivos') &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; es exacto. Basta añadir adverbiales apropiados a tiempos como &lt;em&gt;cocino&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cociné&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;cocinaré&lt;/em&gt; para que pasen a describir acciones cuyos inicios y finales están temporalmente definidos. Si, por ejemplo, en respuesta a la pregunta &lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;hiciste&lt;/strong&gt; esta mañana?&lt;/em&gt; Ud. dice &lt;em&gt;De nueve a diez &lt;strong&gt;cociné&lt;/strong&gt;, de diez a once &lt;strong&gt;limpié&lt;/strong&gt; la casa, de once a doce &lt;strong&gt;hice&lt;/strong&gt; gimnasia y de doce a dos &lt;strong&gt;paseé&lt;/strong&gt; por la playa&lt;/em&gt;, todos esos indefinidos denotan acciones que tienen un principio y un final perfectamente delimitados por los adverbiales de tiempo correspondientes. Lo mismo ocurre si utiliza futuros simples; la acción no habrá ocurrido aún, naturalmente, pero puede estar perfectamente delimitada: si en respuesta a la pregunta &lt;em&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;harás&lt;/strong&gt; esta tarde?&lt;/em&gt; Ud. dice &lt;em&gt;De cuatro a seis &lt;strong&gt;leeré&lt;/strong&gt; una novela, de seis a ocho &lt;strong&gt;tocaré&lt;/strong&gt; el piano, y de ocho a diez &lt;strong&gt;veré&lt;/strong&gt; alguna película en la tele&lt;/em&gt; todos esos futuros simples denotan acciones futuras de carácter 'durativo' y perfectamente delimitadas. Finalmente, también ocurre así en presente, en realidad, aunque el presente se presta a describir, o bien estados de cosas, procesos o actividades persistentes, o bien eventos o acciones que pueden ser puntuales pero que se repiten habitualmente en períodos de tiempo largos en relación con la duración efectiva de cada una de esos eventos o acciones, o incluso ilimitados, pero eso no convierte a las acciones mismas en temporalmente ilimitadas. Si Ud. trabaja en un restaurante y dice, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;Yo hoy &lt;strong&gt;cocino&lt;/strong&gt; de ocho a diez&lt;/em&gt;, los dos circunstanciales de tiempo obligan al verbo &lt;em&gt;cocino&lt;/em&gt; a referirse a una actividad que, obviamente, tiene principio y fin, independientemente de que haya empezado ya y esté en curso o vaya a empezar más tarde. Si quita el adverbial &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; y dice solo &lt;em&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;cocino&lt;/strong&gt; de ocho a diez&lt;/em&gt;, según la situación en que lo diga, esa oración puede significar que hoy lo hace en esas horas o que habitualmente lo hace en esas horas y por tanto volverá a hacerlo en esa franja horaria cada vez que le toque cocinar. El presente expresa entonces actividades habituales, reiteradas, pero eso &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; las convierte en actividades de límites temporales indefinidos. Si, por último, omite Ud. cualquier especificación respecto a la duración de las actividades o procesos y dice únicamente &lt;em&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;cocino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces, evidentemente, el presente &lt;em&gt;cocino&lt;/em&gt; predica de Ud. una &lt;strong&gt;propiedad&lt;/strong&gt; persistente, la de ser capaz de, o aficionado a, o encargado oficial de, las tareas relacionadas con la cocina, y en ese caso, efectivamente, la actividad/propiedad de 'cocinar' que el verbo describe no tiene principio ni fin específicamente expresados. Pero, como ve, &lt;strong&gt;no es exacto decir que los tiempos simples describen actividades ilimitadas en el tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;. Cualquier forma verbal que pueda ser modificada por un complemento circunstancial que exprese duración o un intervalo de tiempo con un principio y un fin, por definición, está expresando eventos en curso de desarrollo con principio y fin especificados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su pregunta 3), como ya hemos visto, el 'patrón' &lt;strong&gt;no es del todo correcto&lt;/strong&gt;, pero lo dicho antes acerca del indicativo también se aplica al presente y al imperfecto de subjuntivo si llevan adverbiales de 'tiempo' apropiados. Si Ud. le dice a su vecino &lt;em&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;toque&lt;/strong&gt; Ud. el piano entre las tres y las cuatro de la tarde, por favor ponga la sordina. Mi padre duerme la siesta a esas horas&lt;/em&gt;, obviamente el presente de subjuntivo &lt;em&gt;toque&lt;/em&gt; es capaz de denotar una actividad durativa con un principio y un final claramente especificados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, en cuanto a cómo denominar a los verbos según el tipo de situaciones, eventos, procesos, actividades, 'logros' o 'actos' que describan, debe utilizar términos/conceptos que precisen, no el 'tiempo', sino el 'aspecto' verbal, bien el inherente a cada verbo en sí mismo, o el que pueda adquirir si va acompañado por complementos o modificadores que lo alteren. Una terminología bastante extendida es la que opone los predicados verbales 'estáticos', que denotan 'propiedades' o ‘estados’, a los predicados 'dinámicos', que denotan ‘procesos’ (e.g., &lt;em&gt;llover&lt;/em&gt;), por un lado, y ‘actividades’ (&lt;em&gt;esquiar, enseñar inglés, vender casas, tocar el piano&lt;/em&gt;,…), por otro, todos los cuales admiten modificadores que pueden precisar su duración, frente a &lt;strong&gt;otros&lt;/strong&gt; predicados 'dinámicos' que ya expresan 'cambios de estado', sean ‘sucesos puntuales’ (&lt;em&gt;estallar, aparecer, llegar&lt;/em&gt;,…), ‘logros’ (&lt;em&gt;heredar, encontrar, ver, oír&lt;/em&gt;,…) o ‘actos’ que lo son únicamente en el momento en que culminan (i.e., predicados 'télicos', del Gr. 'télos' = 'fin') y que, por tanto, no 'duran' y rechazan modificadores que expresen duración (aunque esos 'cambios de estado' sí 'llevan tiempo', y en consecuencia aceptan modificadores como &lt;em&gt;en dos horas, en dos semanas&lt;/em&gt;, etc. en casos como &lt;em&gt;Consiguió acabar el libro &lt;strong&gt;en dos horas/en dos semanas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.). Si busca en Google términos como 'aspecto verbal', 'télico', 'atélico', y los demás que le he mencionado, le saldrán muchas páginas en las que podrá informarse más sobre este asunto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user7211" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T09:45:57.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19453" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T10:03:35.610" Score="2" ViewCount="687" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found places where it is not accentuated (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telemadrid.es/programas/madrid-en-la-mirada/madrid-en-la-mirada-la-periferia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Madrid en la mirada: La periferia&lt;/a&gt; and others where it is (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.worldcat.org/title/excelencia-cientifica-en-la-periferia-actividades-cientificas-e-investigacion-biomedica-en-el-peru-1890-1950/oclc/26942438&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excelencia científica en la perifería&lt;/a&gt;). There's a page where it &lt;a href=&quot;http://llevatilde.es/palabra/perifer%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explains why it must be accentuated&lt;/a&gt;. Some other sites &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=periferia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indicate that it is incorrect&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is it &quot;periferia&quot;, &quot;perifería&quot; or both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14763" LastEditorDisplayName="user14763" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T08:27:45.123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T08:27:45.123" Title="&quot;Perifería&quot;, &quot;periferia&quot; or both?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19453" CreationDate="2017-01-23T10:13:50.800" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is &quot;periferia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link you provide to the &quot;llevatilde&quot; web page does not say that &quot;perifería&quot; must be accentuated according to any etymological reason, but just according to the Spanish ortography rules of accentuation. But the problem is that &quot;perifería&quot; just does not exist. In case of doubt, the RAE rules, so the link you provide to the DPD contains your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, and as guifa pointed out in his comment, the fact that there IS an entry for &lt;em&gt;periferia&lt;/em&gt; in the DPD makes us think that there must be somewhere where &lt;em&gt;perifería&lt;/em&gt; is mainly used over &lt;em&gt;periferia&lt;/em&gt;, or that it is a word that is spreading among some groups. Then we have two cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are a native Spanish speaker that has learnt to say &lt;em&gt;perifería&lt;/em&gt; as it is the most used version in your place. Then you should stick to &lt;em&gt;perifería&lt;/em&gt; as it reflects your way of speaking. It may be that in the future this version spreads and gets to be included in the DRAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In any other case, you should stick to &lt;em&gt;periferia&lt;/em&gt; as it is the accepted form by the RAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the form &quot;perifería&quot; has been adopted by some people as a false cultured word, as seen in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docenciacalvia.com/2011/03/16/lenguaje-medico/&quot;&gt;following text&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero el mal uso del lenguaje no es exclusivo de los pacientes, con el paso del tiempo, desde que iniciamos nuestra carrera los sanitarios tendemos a adoptar malas costumbres, modificando y en ocasiones dando nuevos sentidos a algunas palabras. Este hecho se afianza con el paso de los años, lo hacen nuestros maestros, los catedráticos, los adjuntos, nuestros tutores… y con la inercia terminamos haciéndolo nosotros hasta integrar las palabras en nuestro vocabulario habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal es el caso de las siguientes “adopciones”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– &lt;strong&gt;Estadío&lt;/strong&gt;, donde debemos decir estadio. Es errónea la acentuación estadío, a pesar de ser frecuente en textos médicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– &lt;strong&gt;Perifería&lt;/strong&gt;, donde debemos decir periferia. (&lt;strong&gt;periferia&lt;/strong&gt;. ‘Contorno o alrededores’.) Es voz llana: [periféria]. Es incorrecta la forma con hiato perifería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, if you search &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/?gws_rd=ssl#q=%22perifer%C3%ADa%22&quot;&gt;&quot;perifería&quot;&lt;/a&gt; in Google (with quote marks to make the engine respect the &lt;em&gt;tildes&lt;/em&gt;), the search engine gives you around 25900 results. But &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/?gws_rd=ssl#q=%22periferia%22&quot;&gt;&quot;periferia&quot;&lt;/a&gt; gives you almost 20 million results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T14:51:05.810" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T14:51:05.810" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19451" CreationDate="2017-01-23T11:34:59.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every use of &lt;em&gt;arteria&lt;/em&gt; in your examples must be written without the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;, as the meaning is always&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3qKa7My&quot;&gt;arteria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;arterĭa&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἀρτηρία artēría&lt;/em&gt; 'vaso sanguíneo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cada uno de los vasos que llevan la sangre desde el corazón a las distintas partes del cuerpo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is the possibility of writing &lt;em&gt;artería&lt;/em&gt;, with the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;, but then the meaning would change to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3qOx5mN&quot;&gt;artería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;artero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. peyor. Amaño, astucia que se emplea para algún fin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have an example of &lt;em&gt;artería&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando la ira y la burla se aplacaron en él, le empezó el cansancio de sí mismo, y aquella artería para percibirlo todo, para rastrear los fallos, llegar aviesamente, implacablemente a la raíz última de las cosas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Elena Quiroga, &quot;La careta&quot;, 1955 (Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T11:34:59.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18562" CreationDate="2017-01-23T18:15:09.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me estás cargando =&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Me estás tomando el pelo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es broma? o ¿Es joda? (Más argentino)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sinceramente no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan: Che, te tiré la computadora a la basura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mariano: Posta? (En serio), me estás cargando!?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14636" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T18:15:09.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18424" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:54:29.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque hoy se utiliza en toda Colombia se empezó a usar en la parte norte del país, en la ciudad de Medellin y en general en el Departamento de Antioquia, más o menos a mediados de los 90 por personas de barrios bajos, poca educación, criminales, asesinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se asocia a la enfermedad y sus consecuencias desagradables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una palabra que suena muy fuerte cuando se usa de manera despectiva o en estado de enojo o ira. También se utiliza en otros contextos como referencia a algo exagerado o entre amigos para enfatizar en algo negativo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14767" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T13:03:28.803" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T13:03:28.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19426" CreationDate="2017-01-24T00:21:20.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, resulta que, como me señalaron &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/35092/why-some-languages-uses-the-term-high-to-refer-to-an-early-period-and-the-worl/35094#35094&quot;&gt;en esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que hice en &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;history.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt;, la respuesta estuvo todo este tiempo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edad_Media#Baja_Edad_Media_.28siglos_XI_al_XV.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; (no se como se me pasó):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Baja Edad Media es un término que a veces produce confusión, pues&#xA;  procede de un equívoco etimológico entre alemán y castellano: baja no&#xA;  significa decadente, sino reciente; por oposición al alta de la Alta&#xA;  Edad Media, que significa antigua (en alemán alt: viejo, antiguo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas maneras, a continuación el artículo de Wikipedia también menciona esta idea de auge y decadencia, lo cual se me ocurre podría ser la razón por la cual este error etimológico se mantuvo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No obstante, es cierto que desde alguna perspectiva historiográfica&#xA;  puede verse al conjunto del periodo medieval como el ciclo de&#xA;  nacimiento, desarrollo, auge e inevitable caída de una civilización,&#xA;  modelo interpretativo que inició Gibbon para el Imperio romano (donde&#xA;  es más obvia la oposición entre Alto Imperio y Bajo Imperio) y que se&#xA;  ha aplicado con mayor o menor fortuna a otros contextos históricos y&#xA;  artísticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este error de traducción desde el alemán, además, podría estar relacionado con el comentario que hizo @JMVanPelt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En italiano y en francés también se habla de la Edad media como &quot;alta&quot;&#xA;  y &quot;baja&quot;, y en alemán se usa aún &quot;alta Edad media&quot;, aunque parece que&#xA;  no &quot;baja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la misma pregunta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;history.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt; se ofrece otra explicación muy interesante que tiene sentido, aunque no cita ninguna fuente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Just common&#xA;  sense. On Earth, because of gravity, things fall from top to bottom.&#xA;  For instance rivers floes from a higher altitude to the lower ones.&#xA;  Think of the two French departments of Haut-Rhin (in the south) and&#xA;  Bas-Rhin (in the north): Rhine flows from South to North. Or upper&#xA;  Egypt (in the South) and lower Egypt (in the North): the Nile also&#xA;  flows from South to North.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;By analogy, everything that flows, is deemed to flow from higher to&#xA;  lower places. This applies especially well to time. Since time always&#xA;  move in one direction, from ancient periods to more recent ones, the&#xA;  ancient periods are deemed &quot;high&quot;, &quot;higher&quot;, &quot;upper&quot;, &quot;hautes&quot; in&#xA;  French, the more recent ones &quot;low&quot;, &quot;lower&quot;, &quot;basses&quot; in French. It is&#xA;  only natural, and applies universally: &quot;le haut moyen-âge&quot; in French,&#xA;  &quot;Alta edad media&quot; in Spanish mean the first part of the middle age.&#xA;  The &quot;high antiquity&quot; means the very ancient one. You may often find&#xA;  sentences like &quot;to find this elaborated artifact at such a high date&#xA;  is surprising&quot;, where &quot;high date&quot; means, of course &quot;ancient&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una cuestión de sentido común. En la Tierra, debido a la gravedad,&#xA;  las cosas caen desde arriba hacia abajo. Por ejemplo, los ríos fluyen&#xA;  desde una altitud mayor a una altitud menor. Piensa en los dos&#xA;  departamentos franceses de Haut-Rhin (en el sur) y Bas-Rhin (en el&#xA;  norte): El Rín fluye de sur a norte. O el Alto Egipto (en el sur) y el&#xA;  Bajo Egipto (en el norte): el Nilo también fluye de sur a norte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por analogía, todo lo que fluye se considera que lo hace desde lugares&#xA;  más altos y hacia lugares más bajos. Esto se aplica especialmente bien&#xA;  al tiempo. Debido a que el tiempo siempre se mueve en una sola&#xA;  dirección, desde periodos antiguos a periodos más recientes, los&#xA;  periodos antiguos se consideran &quot;altos&quot;, &quot;superiores&quot; o &quot;hautes&quot; en&#xA;  francés, mientras que los más recientes se consideran &quot;bajos&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;inferiores&quot; o &quot;basses&quot; en francés. Es natural y se aplica&#xA;  universalmente: &quot;le haut moyen-âge&quot; en francés, &quot;Alta edad media&quot; en&#xA;  español, se refiere a la primera parte de la edad media. La &quot;alta&#xA;  antigüedad&quot; se refiere al periodo más antiguo. Con frecuencia podemos&#xA;  encontrar frases en inglés como &quot;to find this elaborated artifact at&#xA;  such a high date is surprising&quot; (&lt;em&gt;encontrar este artefacto tan&#xA;  elaborado en una fecha tan alta es sorprendente&lt;/em&gt;), donde &quot;high date&quot;&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;alta fecha&lt;/em&gt;) significa, por supuesto, &quot;antiguo&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14748" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:47:51.783" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T18:52:19.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5087" CreationDate="2017-01-24T02:47:32.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is about generic specification. When you say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No tenemos fecha&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; fecha is undefined; there are many dates available. But, saying &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No tenemos &lt;em&gt;una&lt;/em&gt; fecha&lt;/strong&gt;, the date is no longer generic and is countable. The real intention is to emphasize the fact that there is no date available (of course,  we are not really talking about a specific date.) Is the same as saying &lt;strong&gt;We don't have **even a single date&lt;/strong&gt; available**.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are several ways you can emphasize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenemos fecha (no emphasis)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No tenemos &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; fecha (strong emphasis)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that in Spanish double negation is still a negation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenemos &lt;strong&gt;ni una&lt;/strong&gt; fecha (strong emphasis)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No tenemos &lt;strong&gt;ninguna&lt;/strong&gt; fecha (mild emphasis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenemos naranjas (We are talking about &lt;strong&gt;naranjas&lt;/strong&gt; in a generic sense)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No tenemos &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; naranja (Although not a specific orange we are emphasizing  strongly that we don't even have one)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No tenemos &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; naranja (We are also emphasizing that we don't even have one orange.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No tenemos &lt;strong&gt;ninguna&lt;/strong&gt; naranja (The most natural way to say it in Spanish; with a mild emphasis.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T20:40:04.520" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T20:40:04.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19138" CreationDate="2017-01-24T04:40:18.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se llama &lt;strong&gt;muñeco&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;muñequito&lt;/strong&gt;. Aquí todas las panaderías ponen muñequito a sus roscas. Casi siempre es más de uno. El muñequito, la mayoría de las veces, representa al niño Jesús pero no es raro encontrar a los tres reyes magos con Jesús y María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México tampoco quieres que te salga el muñequito debido a que el &lt;em&gt;afortunado&lt;/em&gt; debe cooperar con los tamales del día de la candelaria (2 de febrero). En realidad no hay que organizar una fiesta en sí. La mayor parte de las veces, el convivio es en la escuela o el lugar de trabajo. Además, debido a que casi siempre hay varios muñequitos, el gasto se distribuye entre varias personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay panaderías que sustituyen el muñeco por algún artículo de valor; por ejemplo un muñeco de oro o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2021-05-18T04:48:26.340" LastActivityDate="2021-05-18T04:48:26.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19463" CreationDate="2017-01-24T07:30:22.557" Score="5" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkov_%28surname%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Волков&lt;/a&gt; es un apellido ruso que en las letras latinas se ha escrito en varias formas. Una que parece ocuparse hoy día en varios idiomas es Volkov, y otra que yo sé que se ha usado en español, pero hace siglos, es Bolcof. Desconozco la razón de escoger entre B &amp;amp; V, y entre C &amp;amp; K. Tampoco me queda claro el último fonema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor manera de escribir Волков segun la fonética española?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-12-09T07:53:59.397" LastActivityDate="2020-12-09T07:53:59.397" Title="Transliteración del apellido ruso, Волков" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;transliteración&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19462" CreationDate="2017-01-24T07:47:28.083" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple vista a mí me sale decir &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Volkov&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vólkov&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justifiquémoslo: en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanizaci%C3%B3n_del_ruso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Romanización del ruso&lt;/a&gt; tenemos una tabla de transliteración fonética del español. Tal y como comentan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Asociación Española de Profesores de Lengua Rusa estableció unas normas de transliteración del ruso al castellano, las cuales más tarde adoptó el Servicio de Traducción Española del Parlamento Europeo, lo que se encuentra en sus boletines terminológicos y normativos, concretamente en el Boletín 74 del 2 de enero de 2005.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual representa un gran alivio y es un recurso que me alegra sobremanera descubrir, pues años ha estuve batallando con casos similares y no descubrí esta biyección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando las letras de &lt;em&gt;Волков&lt;/em&gt; nos encontramos con la tabla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Letra rusa&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Letra(s) española(s)&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Caso&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;В, в&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;v&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;todos los casos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Павлов = Pávlov&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;К, к&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;k&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;todos los casos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Кольцо = Koltsó&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Л, л&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;l&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;todos los casos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Малевич = Malévich&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;О, о&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;todos los casos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Волга = Volga&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que se confirma que es Volkov.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la hora de decidir entre Vólkov y Volkov, parece que debemos optar por &lt;strong&gt;Vólkov&lt;/strong&gt;, con tilde, pues &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#ru/en/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oigo en Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; que se pronuncia con la primera &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; tónica. ¿Y por qué lo escribimos con tilde? Porque &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/16917/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;las transcripciones de palabras procedentes de lenguas que utilizan alfabetos no latinos, incluidos los nombres propios, se consideran adaptaciones y deben seguir, por tanto, las reglas de acentuación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-08T10:26:28.607" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T10:26:28.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19462" CreationDate="2017-01-24T08:49:12.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ruso es Во́лков. El acento gráfico no existe ahí; es una mera guía para saber qué sílaba se acentúa. Pero nosotros sí tenemos acento. Entonces, definitivamente es &lt;strong&gt;Vólkov&lt;/strong&gt; (con tilde). El acento en ruso está en la primera sílaba y éste debe conservarse. Si se transliterase &lt;em&gt;Volkov&lt;/em&gt;, la ausencia de tilde implica la acentuación aguda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt; inicial ya ha comentado la otra respuesta. &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt; es lo más cercano a la letra labiodental rusa &lt;em&gt;В&lt;/em&gt; (mayúscula). La &lt;em&gt;be alta&lt;/em&gt; en ruso se escribe &lt;em&gt;Б&lt;/em&gt;. Transliterar como &lt;em&gt;Bolkov&lt;/em&gt;, en teoría, no tiene concecuencias fonéticas trágicas, pero sugiere que el apellido ruso es &lt;em&gt;Болков&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="768" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T09:02:51.640" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:02:51.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19466" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:37:48.053" Score="7" ViewCount="3691" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo cierta confusión sobre si deben escribirse con o sin tilde los adverbios terminados en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;: ¿&lt;em&gt;efectivamente&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;efectívamente&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al añadírsele el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;, todas ellas pasan a ser esdrújulas, por lo que según las reglas de ortografía deberían llevarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿cómo se pronuncian? ¿&lt;em&gt;efecTIvaMENte&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;efecTIvamente&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:37:48.053" Title="¿Llevan tilde los adverbios terminados en -mente?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19465" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:37:48.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevan tilde si lo lleva el adjetivo del que derivan.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como indica la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/690256387465682944&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/hashtag/RAEconsultas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/a&gt; Los adverbios en «-mente» conservan la tilde del adjetivo base si este la lleva: ágilmente (ágil), cordialmente (cordial).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos un poco más, en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas (DPD) encontramos lo siguiente en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. Acentuación de palabras y expresiones compuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ#42&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.2. Adverbios en -mente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Los adverbios terminados en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncian, de forma natural y no enfática, con dos sílabas tónicas: la que corresponde al adjetivo del que derivan y la del elemento compositivo &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;LENtaMENte&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Estas palabras conservan la tilde, si la había, del adjetivo del que derivan&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;fácilmente&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fácil&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;rápidamente&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt;); pero &lt;em&gt;cordialmente&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;cordial&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;bruscamente&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;brusco&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la acentuación fonética, el DPD incide en lo descrito más arriba, dando algo más de detalle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=xwnL0rH8RD6olZ8prm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Hay que distinguir entre el acento prosódico, que es el mayor relieve con que se pronuncia una determinada sílaba dentro de una palabra, y el acento gráfico u ortográfico —también llamado tilde—, que es el signo con el cual, en determinados casos, se representa en la escritura el acento prosódico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Acento prosódico.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;1.1. Palabras tónicas y átonas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;a) Palabras tónicas. (...) Los adverbios terminados en -mente son las únicas palabras que se pronuncian, de manera natural y no enfática, con dos sílabas tónicas: la que corresponde al adjetivo del que derivan y la del elemento compositivo -mente, cuya primera sílaba es tónica: HÁbilMENte, aLEgreMENte (sobre la acentuación gráfica de estas palabras, → tilde2, 4.2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:37:48.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18899" CreationDate="2017-01-24T10:59:10.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bWvfiiZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veneno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a translation of both &lt;strong&gt;venom&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;poison&lt;/strong&gt;. The word &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Texgwl3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ponzoña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is equivalent to both as well. The use could be regional but in Mexico, &lt;strong&gt;ponzoña&lt;/strong&gt; is only used meaning &lt;strong&gt;venom&lt;/strong&gt; (injected by an animal.) An animal that injects venom is regarded as &lt;strong&gt;animal ponzoñoso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If toxins are secreted through the skin or affect after ingestion, they are called &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aB74oqG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;toxinas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All types of living agents that produce toxins to defend themselves are regarded as &lt;strong&gt;venenoso&lt;/strong&gt; (i.e. &lt;strong&gt;plantas venenosas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;animales venenosos&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one gets poisoned after ingesting them they can also be regarded as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aAx6mN5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tóxicos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. But any chemical compound also can be &lt;strong&gt;tóxico&lt;/strong&gt; regardless of having a biologic origin or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T17:29:28.450" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:29:28.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19468" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-24T11:33:16.893" Score="4" ViewCount="1843" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, el elemento compositivo &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Owj95I8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente etimología&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;, abl. de &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt; 'inteligencia', 'propósito'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimología que comparte con el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;, que en 1734 significaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo mismo que entendimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se toma también por sentido, inteligencia ù objeto de alguna cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, en textos de los siglos XIII al XVI se puede encontrar este sufijo escrito como palabra independiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resçebir muy &lt;strong&gt;honrrada mente&lt;/strong&gt; con grand proçesion [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1293)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] e juro e prometo a buena fed sin mal a Dios e a Santo Toribio e sobre los Santos Abangelios tomandolos &lt;strong&gt;corporal mente&lt;/strong&gt; con mis manos de nunca demandar otra presentasion a vos [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1352)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] e por ende enesto sienpre nos trabajamos de fazer leyes e ordenamientos quantos &lt;strong&gt;buena mente&lt;/strong&gt; pudiesemos, con acuerdo de aquellos que nos ouieren de consejar, [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1390)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por que vos mando a todos e acada vno de vos que guardedes e conplades e fagades guardar e conplir desde agora en adelante &lt;strong&gt;rreal mente&lt;/strong&gt; e con efecto estas mis leyes e hordenanças de suso [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1471)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E avn tanto estrañaron esta pelea que mandaron que los que andan &lt;strong&gt;cotidiana mente&lt;/strong&gt; con el rey por la conpaña que han deso vno por la hermandat [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1491)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] sea obligado a les tener hecha una casa para yglesia, &lt;strong&gt;junta mente&lt;/strong&gt; con la dicha hazienda, que se les señalare en la parte que a vos [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1513)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Era esta la forma usual de escribir los adverbios en aquella época? También los he encontrado escritos en su forma actual (&quot;publicamente&quot; en un texto de 1208). Igual puede pasar que los textos en los que se escribió separado formaran parte de algún dialecto diferente del que derivó en el castellano, como ya ha pasado en otras preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, ¿por qué se usó la palabra &quot;mente&quot; como creador de adverbios? Cuando la veo en textos escrita de forma separada, como en los ejemplos anteriores, me da la sensación de que en su origen vendría a significar algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lentamente: con la mente puesta en hacerlo lento (con lenta mente). O también: con el propósito de hacerlo lento, si atendemos al significado que la RAE da del latín &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Públicamente: con la mente puesta (o el propósito puesto) en hacerlo público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería esta una explicación sobre el posible origen del sufijo? ¿O atiende a alguna otra etimología más antigua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T11:33:16.893" Title="Etimología y origen de la terminación &quot;-mente&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-08-11T07:50:50.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2017-01-24T16:01:01.713" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Liberarador.. es quien libera de una trampa mortal o ataduras o prisión pero puede seguir siendo esclavo de una persona, una idea,un sistema&#xA;Libertador... da la libertad absoluta en todo aspecto y sentido.&#xA;(ES MI HUMILDE OPINIÓN)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14773" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T16:01:01.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19462" CreationDate="2017-01-25T00:01:13.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre el último fonema. Algunas letras rusas varían su valor en función de su posición. La letra rusa B, que se pronuncia /v/, al final de sílaba se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;/f/&lt;/em&gt;. La transliteración es la misma, V.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/В&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14641" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T00:01:13.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19472" CreationDate="2017-01-25T01:35:22.090" Score="0" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Context of the sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con el tiempo, mi madre me dio un hermanito negro. Era muy bonito y yo jugaba con él y ayudaba a cuidarle. &lt;strong&gt;Mi hermanito nos veía a mi madre y a mí muy blancos y a su padre no, por eso le tenía miedo.&lt;/strong&gt; Recuerdo que una vez estaba mi padrastro jugando con él y el pequeño se escapaba diciendo: —¡Mamá, el coco!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- What does seeing someone as white mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Probablemente en el mundo hay muchas personas que tienen miedo de los demás porque &lt;strong&gt;no se ven a ellos mismos&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Does &lt;code&gt;no se ven a ellos mismos&lt;/code&gt; mean they are afraid of others because they are different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando sintió que mi cabeza estaba cerca de la piedra, me dio un gran golpe en el &lt;strong&gt;toro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Does &lt;code&gt;toro&lt;/code&gt; here mean crotch, butt, head or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T03:18:43.883" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T03:18:43.883" Title="What do these excerpts from El Lazarillo de Tormes mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-01-25T09:38:33.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19471" CreationDate="2017-01-25T02:44:47.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El coco&quot; es uno de esos monstruos del folklore con los que se austa a los niños. Es como &quot;el hombre del saco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no te terminas la cena, vendrá &lt;em&gt;el coco&lt;/em&gt; y te llevará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Duérmete niño, duérmete ya...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que viene el Coco y te comerá.&quot; &lt;sub&gt; canción de cuna &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La referencia aparece incluso en la entrada de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9bCoA8r%7C9bH8Cra%7C9bIHCql%7C9bJM96n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coco&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt;, porque la cáscara del fruto con sus tres agujeros semeja una cabeza con ojos y boca, &lt;strong&gt;como la de aquel fantasma infantil&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_(folklore)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, el mito se originó en Portugal y Galicia y &quot;coco&quot; deriva de &quot;coca&quot; (&lt;em&gt;&quot;acocado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en portugués viene a significar &quot;niño malcriado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en el primer párrafo entiendo que la madre del narrador tuvo un hijo con un negro. El niño (que sería &lt;em&gt;mulato&lt;/em&gt;) veía a la madre ya al narrador de piel blanca, pero a su padre (padrastro del narrador) negro y eso le daba miedo, porque pensaba que era &quot;el coco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Probablemente en el mundo hay muchas personas que tienen miedo de los demás porque &lt;strong&gt;no se ven a ellos mismos&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte en negrita no significa que les den miedo porque sean diferentes. La gracia está en que ese niño mulato tenía miedo del padre porque era negro, pero él mismo era mulato (mestizo de ancestros negros y blancos). Si el niño se hubiera mirado en un espejo, habría dicho &quot;ey, ese tío es mucho más negro que mamá y mis hermanos... pero yo también soy mucho más oscurito!!&quot;. Así que la connotación de esa frase es más bien &quot;si se vieran a sí mismos no tendrían tanto miedo de otros por ser diferentes, ya que no los verían tan diferentes de sí mismos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la tercera frase, te falta contexto. El narrador está viendo una estatua de un toro. El ciego del Lazarillo de Tormes, que es un &lt;em&gt;cabronazo&lt;/em&gt;, le dice a Lázaro que acerque la cabeza a la estatua, para oír cómo la estatua hace ruido como un todo de verdad. Luego le golpea contra la estatua y se ríe de él por ser tan ingenuo. Cuando Lázaro dice &quot;me dio un golpe en el toro&quot; quiere decir que el ciego le golpeó &lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt; la estatua del toro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando [el ciego] sintió que mi cabeza estaba cerca de la piedra [la estatua del toro], me dio un gran golpe en &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; [en la estatua del toro]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T02:56:19.947" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T02:56:19.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19997" CreationDate="2017-01-25T06:38:46.070" Score="6" ViewCount="45863" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aterciopelados, rockeros colombianos, hicieron una famosa canción, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bttFOOzcIHc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Baracunátana&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, que parece estrenar una larga serie de palabras informales. Estas palabras describen a una mujer, pero ¿a qué van? ¿Son muy despectivas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al copiar el texto del librillo aquí, añadí las tildes y la puntuación (hasta en el título de la canción; me sorprendió ver que lo dejaron sin la tilde que requiere):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por eso, tú eres, garulla, retrechera, abeja, bergaja, fulera, guaricha, garosa, morronga, farisea, gorzobia, baracunata, cucharamí, baracunata, baracunátana -- sí señora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T15:17:25.307" LastActivityDate="2020-12-04T11:46:20.923" Title="Coloquialismos de la canción &quot;Baracunátana&quot; de Aterciopelados" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19478" CreationDate="2017-01-25T10:50:18.587" Score="6" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente oración, cómo es correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En una tienda)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿(Usted) lo quiere para &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿(Usted) lo quiere para &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What my research says: the grammar I'm using (Gramática de uso del español C1-C2, page 46), says that &lt;code&gt;mismo&lt;/code&gt; is used with &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ustedes&lt;/code&gt;; however, they fail to provide a single example of this so I don't really know how it is supposed to be used. I asked my teacher (madrileña) and she says both sounds Ok for her, but has to check. So I really don't know, but it might be one of those things that have a rule, but nobody complies with them in the real world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T01:25:06.893" Title="Sí misma / usted misma" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19479" CreationDate="2017-01-25T12:07:29.180" Score="7" ViewCount="7973" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Venga!&lt;/strong&gt; es una de las muletillas más típicas de los españoles, junto con &lt;em&gt;¡Vale!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literalmente es el presente del subjuntivo de &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;. Hay frases en las que casi se entiende, como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Quieres café?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Venga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde puedo imaginar que el café &lt;em&gt;va a venir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero generalmente no tiene nada que ver con eso. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venga, que has llegao temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Gracias&lt;br&gt;-Venga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, venga, hagámoslo como tú dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Deriva realmente &amp;quot;¡venga!&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;venir&amp;quot;? ¿Cómo evolucionó así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T20:59:32.700" Title="¿Por qué &quot;venga&quot; llegó a convertirse en una interjección en España?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19475" CreationDate="2017-01-25T14:52:17.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas de estas &amp;quot;muletillas&amp;quot; se forman de casualidad. Ya sabemos que incluso por definición, una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muletilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;muletilla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;latiguillo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; llega a carecer o a perder su significado real debido a este exceso deuso o mal uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Venga&lt;/code&gt; (o ¡venga!, más bien) es tanto una interjección para dar ánimo o meter prisa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venga, corre, que llegamos tarde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venga, vamos, que tú puedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como una expresión de incredulidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que tú has sacado un diez en matemáticas?, ¡Venga ya! No me lo creo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer uso es equivalente a &amp;quot;Vamos&amp;quot; y yo entiendo que es la corrupción de este uso como interjección para meter prisa del que se origina la muletilla. El (mal) uso de &amp;quot;venga&amp;quot; en esos contextos es como decir &amp;quot;Pues venga/vamos, pasemos a lo siguiente&amp;quot; hasta llegar a ser (mal) usado como equivalente de &amp;quot;Vale. Entendido.&amp;quot; por la conotación de &amp;quot;estoy de acuerdo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(por teléfono). Pues nos vemos mañana entonces. Adiós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vale. &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt;. (pues eso, adiós, colguemos el teléfono y cada uno a sus cosas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venga (&lt;em&gt;vamos, presta atenció a esto que te voy a decir&lt;/em&gt;), que has llegao temprano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Venga. (&lt;em&gt;pues vale&lt;/em&gt;. En lugar de &amp;quot;de nada&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, &lt;strong&gt;venga&lt;/strong&gt;, hagámoslo como tú dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo veo menos como muletilla y mucho más como un equivalente de &amp;quot;vamos (a ello)&amp;quot;, pero bien prodría ser un &amp;quot;vale&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T14:52:17.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19480" CreationDate="2017-01-25T15:42:41.540" Score="1" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading an article in the digital edition of &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; when I came across this section&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué los científicos, entre los que me incluyo, confiamos en poder predecir temperaturas superiores a la media con meses de antelación, y en qué difieren las predicciones climáticas de la previsión del tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can understand what the phrase &lt;em&gt;entre los que me incluyo&lt;/em&gt; means that is not the problem but what is the role of &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; there? Is it in fact necessary? Is it an error? It may be relevant that the article is translated from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just for further information I think the phrase in English would be something like: &quot;amongst whom I include myself&quot;, or &quot;a grouping which includes me&quot;, or just &quot;including me&quot;. The article itself can be found in full &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2017/01/24/ciencia/1485252626_261676.html#?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=guid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T01:47:55.150" Title="What is the role of &quot;que&quot; in the phrase &quot;entre los que me incluyo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19474" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:11:51.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the correct form is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lo quiere para &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account that &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; uses 3rd person conjugation but refers to &quot;second person&quot; (stands for tú/vosotros). The relexive pronoun &lt;code&gt;sí&lt;/code&gt; is a 3rd person pronoun. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmOP8Ia|XmQKxT2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pron. person. 3.ª pers. m. y f. Forma reflexiva de los pronombres él, ella, ellos, ellas, precedida siempre de preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask someone &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lo quiere para &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is equivalent of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lo quiere para &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were not addressing the person &lt;em&gt;de usted&lt;/em&gt; you clearly would had asked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lo quieres para &lt;strong&gt;ti&lt;/strong&gt; misma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a second person. You don't need to switch to third person just to be polite, it is just sometinh the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; fomr does in the conjugations. The &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form uses 3rd person conjugations, but the use of &lt;code&gt;sí&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; are not equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T16:37:27.747" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T16:37:27.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19475" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:15:03.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Echando un vistazo al CORDE encuentro un par de casos en los que podríamos estar ante el antecesor del &quot;venga&quot; como muletilla sin significado. Son los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;[...] la oradora abrió la mano izquierda, haciendo ademán de escribir en ella con una tagarnina–: &quot;Decreto yo, el pueblo soberano, en uso de mis derechos individuales, que todos los generales, gobernadores, ministros y gente gorda salgan del sitio que ocupan y se lo dejen a otros que nombraré yo del modo que me dé la realísima gana. He dicho.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;–¡Bien, bien!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;–¡Venga de ahí!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;La Tribuna&quot;, 1883 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;–Entonces... ¡venga otro trago! –exclamó el molinero, sentándose.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;–¡Venga de ahí! –repuso el alcalde, alargándole el vaso lleno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro Antonio de Alarcón, &quot;El sombrero de tres picos&quot;, 1874 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este último caso podemos ver que el primer &quot;venga [otro trago]&quot; equivaldría al primer ejemplo del café que pusiste, pero la respuesta &quot;venga [de ahí]&quot; equivaldría más bien al &quot;venga&quot; como &quot;vale, de acuerdo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, yo mismo he usado expresión como &quot;venga ahí&quot; usada para dar ánimos. Es muy probable que esta sea la expresión que se acortara y originara el actual &quot;¡venga!&quot; como interjección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pongo un ejemplo más, en el que aparece &quot;venga de ahí&quot; con el sentido de &quot;vale, adelante&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;–[...] Voy a contarle a usted una cosa muy curiosa que me ocurrió hace poco.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Afiné mis cinco sentidos ante las palabras de este hombre, cuya naturalidad en el trato demostraba bien a las claras la certeza de sus explicaciones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;–Venga de ahí –contesté yo, deseoso de oírle.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Julio Escobar, &quot;Itinerarios por las cocinas y las bodegas de Castilla&quot;, 1965 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una buena pregunta ahora podría ser ¿a qué se refieren con &quot;ahí&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T15:19:18.263" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:19:18.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19477" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:54:53.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write the sentece as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entre quienes me incluyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entre los que me incluyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, &quot;quienes&quot; would be a &lt;em&gt;pronombre relativo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpfJQop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. relat. m. y f. El que, el cual o que. U. con antecedente referido a personas. &lt;em&gt;Este es el escritor de quien te hablé.&lt;/em&gt; U. sin&#xA;  preposición solo encabeza oraciones explicativas. &lt;em&gt;El escritor&#xA;  invitado, quien trató ampliamente esa cuestión, es un especialista en&#xA;  la materia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that, in this case, &quot;quien&quot; is the same as &quot;el que&quot;, so &quot;quienes&quot; would be the same as &quot;los que&quot;, hence the second version. In this case, &quot;que&quot; is another &lt;em&gt;pronombre relativo&lt;/em&gt;, and just introduces a relative clause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. relat. m., f. y n. Introduce una oración relativa sin antecedente expreso. U. precedido del artículo determinado. &lt;em&gt;Visitamos las que recomendaban en la guía. Se fijaron en el que estaba en el escaparate. Eso es lo que no entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can write similar examples without &quot;que&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De entre los mencionados, el mejor sería sin duda...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre los nuevos reclutas hay uno que me suena de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can change those examples to similar examples with relative clauses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De entre los que acabo de mencionar, el mejor sería sin duda...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre los que acaban de llegar hay uno que me suena de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &quot;que me incluyo&quot; sounds funny as a relative clause, if you think of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T16:54:53.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19481" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-25T20:22:03.270" Score="3" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes del fin del año me había arreglado con Rosa Cabarcas para dejar en el cuarto el abanico eléctrico, &lt;strong&gt;los recursos del tocador&lt;/strong&gt; y lo que siguiera llevando en el futuro para hacerlo vivible (Garcia Marquez, Memories of my melancholy whores). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have always had a hard time discerning when toilet (English word) means WC and when dressing (makeup) table. Google Translate gives &quot;dressing table&quot; for Spanish &quot;tocador&quot;. The English translation for the above paragraph (Grossman) is as follows:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;overheated the polemic, and made nostalgia popular.&#xA;  Before the end of the year I had arranged with Rosa Cabarcas to leave in the room the electric fan, the&#xA;  toilet articles, and whatever else I might bring in the future to make it livable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the translator has translated &quot;los recursos del tocador&quot; as toilet articles. &#xA;In short, my question is what do Spanish mean by saying tocador. Do they mean the dressing table or lavatory? Just in case, where I live people almost always use toilet (pronounced &lt;em&gt;towalett&lt;/em&gt;) to mean bathroom (lavatory). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T10:44:51.633" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T10:44:51.633" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;los recursos del tocador&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19481" CreationDate="2017-01-25T20:54:19.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tocador refers to a dressing table.  From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZvyFMlt%7CZvzUXTr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, omitting some senses, with my translation following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; De &lt;em&gt;tocar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Mueble, por lo común en forma de mesa, con espejo y otros utensilios, para el peinado y aseo de una persona. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Aposente destinado al aseo y peinado de una persona. || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Caja o estuche para guardar alhajas, objetos de tocado o de costura, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; From &lt;em&gt;tocar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Piece of furniture, commonly in a table shape, with mirror and other utensils, for a person's combing and grooming || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Room intended for a person's grooming and combing || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Box or container for storing jewels, ornamental or sewing objects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this closely matches a number of definitions that English has had in the past.  From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/202921?rskey=jeKol6&amp;amp;result=1&amp;amp;isAdvanced=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OED&lt;/a&gt;, omitting a number of senses we have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;†2.&lt;/strong&gt; A cloth cover for a dressing table, formerly often of rich material and workmanship; […] &lt;em&gt;Obs.&lt;/em&gt;  || &lt;strong&gt;†3.&lt;/strong&gt; The dressing table covered by this cloth; a toilet table. &lt;em&gt;Obs.&lt;/em&gt;  || &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; As a mass noun. The articles required or used in applying make-up, arranging the hair, dressing, etc.; a toilet set. Also: a case containing these. Now &lt;em&gt;hist.&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;rare&lt;/em&gt;. || &lt;strong&gt;8.&lt;/strong&gt; A dressing room (in later use esp. one equipped with washing facilities) […] Now &lt;em&gt;hist.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as we can see this sense was commonly used at one time to refer to a sort of dressing table, rather than a place to urinate or defecate, although clearly it isn't anymore, and since the Spanish &lt;em&gt;tocador&lt;/em&gt; doesn't possess any of the meanings associated with the commode, we can tell it just means the dressing table or a box of containing hair pieces, make up etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T20:54:19.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19144" CreationDate="2017-01-26T03:29:44.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Puede alguien aportar alguna otra explicación o completar esta si es correcta?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de los artículos que he podido encontrar explicando el origen de  esta expresión incluyen la explicación que indicas, según la cual en la Antigua Grecia las pepitas de calabaza eran consideradas antiafrodisíacas. He encontrado también algunas referencias a que en la Edad Media los rosarios estaban hechos con pepitas de calabaza (para alejar los pensamientos impuros) e incluso se invitaba a comer pepitas de calabaza a tal efecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, he intentado verificar esto desde el otro lado (no que la calabaza sea realmente antiafrodisíaca, sino si realmente era considerada un antiafrodisíaco en la Antigua Grecia) y casi todos los artículos que he encontrado... hablan del origen de la expresión &amp;quot;dar calabazas&amp;quot;. Así que no sé hasta qué punto esa referencia puede ser cierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogolengua.com/2011/09/dar-calabazas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otros orígenes posibles&lt;/a&gt;, en referencia al uso de calabazas huecas para aprender a nadar (al que ya apuntaba @blonfu en los comentarios). En ese artículo se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Las calabazas sustentan en el agua a los que no saben nadar, que sin ellas se irían a lo hondo. Cuando alguno nos propone alguna cosa desproporcionada, solemos decir, &lt;strong&gt;más calabazas&lt;/strong&gt;, dando a entender, que es disparate, &lt;strong&gt;que puede significar cosa de aire de poco momento, y peso&lt;/strong&gt;. [...] &lt;strong&gt;Echar a uno calabaza, es no responderle a lo que pide&lt;/strong&gt;, como el galán que saca la dama en el festín a bailar, y ella se excusa, dando a entender que es liviano y de poco seso, por querer salga a danzar con él, no siendo o su igual o de su gusto &lt;strong&gt;o que le dejó en vacío hecho calabaza.&lt;/strong&gt;” &lt;sub&gt;(Covarrubias, Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española, 1611)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos que en español usamos &lt;code&gt;calabaza&lt;/code&gt; para referirnos a varias frutas, por ejemplo la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butternut_squash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calabaza almizclera&lt;/a&gt; y la &amp;quot;tradicional&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese mismo articulo se elaboran un poco más todas estas ideas de cómo la calabaza, por antiafrodisíaca o por estar llena de aire, llega a asociarse con rechazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[En contraposición al melón, que es el símbolo de la fecundidad, la abundancia y el lujo] la calabaza simboliza lo falso o de poco valor, porque resulta engañosa: promete mucho por su tamaño, pero defrauda por ser poco densa e insípida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Calabaza: Por semejanza, se llama el melón que es insípido y no tiene dulce alguno” (Autoridades, 1729).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Te juzgué melón y me resultaste calabaza”. (Refrán)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la asociación de calabaza con &amp;quot;frustración de deseos&amp;quot; (amorosos o académicos) parece radicar más en el hecho de que la calabaza es un fruto &amp;quot;engañoso&amp;quot; por prometer mucho pero luego dar menos de lo esperado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay que destacar del artículo esta explicación sobre la diferencia entre el &amp;quot;dar calabazas&amp;quot; sentimental y académico y sus primeros registros en la literatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es raro oír que un profesor da calabazas, ‘suspende’, a un alumno: podría malinterpretarse, porque la expresión se ha ido especializando en el ámbito de las relaciones personales. [...] &lt;strong&gt;el sentido de rechazo amoroso es anterior al de suspenso académico&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque en el primer Diccionario de la Academia (Autoridades, 1729) solo se recogiera la acepción de suspender y hubiera que esperar a la edición de 1780 para encontrar la de “desechar las mujeres la proposición de algún novio’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user17393" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T15:54:07.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19486" CreationDate="2017-01-26T07:37:29.233" Score="4" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;No logro encontrar una traducción a la frase &lt;strong&gt;more hype than substance&lt;/strong&gt;. Tengo entendido que &lt;strong&gt;hype&lt;/strong&gt; puede referirse a cuando alguien se emociona demasiado. Pero no comprendo toda la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el contexto que se maneja: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Many companies that once considered Java to be &lt;strong&gt;more hype than substance&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  are now using it to create...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14709" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T09:40:04.820" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:15:37.160" Title="¿Cómo traducir al español &quot;more hype than substance&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19481" CreationDate="2017-01-26T07:46:23.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México people usually say &lt;strong&gt;baño&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;restroom/bathroom&lt;/strong&gt;; in this room there's usually a &lt;strong&gt;toilet&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;shower&lt;/strong&gt; and in a few cases a &lt;strong&gt;tub&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do sometimes use the word &lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;/strong&gt; to mean &lt;strong&gt;restroom&lt;/strong&gt; and I must admit that out of context and by reading only the excerpt is very difficult to tell whether García Márquez is referring to a &lt;em&gt;dressing table&lt;/em&gt; or a &lt;em&gt;toilet room&lt;/em&gt;. In addition, the author was Colombian (although he had been living in Mexico for many years when this novel was written) so there could be a regional bias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after reading to the whole chapter, it is very clear that the narrator is referring to a &lt;strong&gt;dressing table&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both words (&lt;strong&gt;baño&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;/strong&gt;) are used. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The other excerpt where &lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;/strong&gt; is used is used to mean &lt;strong&gt;dressing table&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Antes de acostarme arreglé el tocador&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throughout the text, the author uses a colloquial and relaxed language so it is very unlikely he would use  &lt;strong&gt;tocador&lt;/strong&gt; to mean &lt;strong&gt;toilet room&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Side note&lt;/em&gt;: perhaps something that also added to my confusion is the choice of the word &lt;strong&gt;recursos&lt;/strong&gt;; this word is not common for this context in my region. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T07:46:23.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19484" CreationDate="2017-01-26T08:57:14.587" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión muy española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WoW1aWq#3YJYELC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mucho ruido y pocas nueces&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. coloq. U. para señalar que algo aparentemente importante tiene poca sustancia o es insignificante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas empresas que una vez pensaron que Java era mucho ruido y pocas nueces lo están usando ahora para crear...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que yo entiendo como &lt;em&gt;hype&lt;/em&gt; es cuando un producto se publicita de forma que genera demasiadas expectativas entre los consumidores incluso antes de ponerse a la venta, corriendo el riesgo de no llegar a cumplir dichas expectativas en el momento de su lanzamiento. Considero que el dicho español refleja esa sensación a la perfección, dado que una publicidad excesiva o demasiado optimista no hace más que crear ruido alrededor del producto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La noticia parece tener que ver con este gráfico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZreS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZreS.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ciclo de sobreexpectación&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[De &lt;a href=&quot;//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:IOTpreneur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;User:IOTpreneur&quot;&gt;IOTpreneur&lt;/a&gt; - Trabajo propio, &lt;a href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0&quot;&gt;CC BY-SA 4.0&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42438606&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que el comentario de que Java era mucho ruido y pocas nueces se debió producir durante el abismo de desilusión, para luego entrar las empresas en esa fase llamada &quot;meseta de productividad&quot; tras darse cuenta de que el producto no era tan malo, sino que simplemente la expectativa previa se había sobredimensionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de la expresión, la primera aparición que encuentro en el CORDE es del siglo XVII, lo que la convierte en una expresión con solera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y también sabe V. S. que todos los años es tan ordinario el mucho ruido de armada del Turco, como las pocas nueces de él, [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego de Amburcea, &quot;Carta a Esteban de Ibarra&quot;, 1608 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T15:15:37.160" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:15:37.160" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19491" CreationDate="2017-01-26T10:02:29.200" Score="2" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Qué mecanismos tiene el español para la formación de nuevos verbos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de oír la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...es que fulano me ha &lt;strong&gt;bronqueado&lt;/strong&gt; y no quiero que vuelva a pasar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con independencia de que en español exista el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0BhLcFn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abroncar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, me hace mucha gracia cuando alguien se inventa un verbo de esa manera. La propia RAE define el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIeaLdH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma verbos derivados de sustantivos o adjetivos, rara vez de pronombres. &lt;em&gt;Humear, falsear, tutear.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se provee un mecanismo para generar verbos a partir de sustantivos. Hay algunos, como los que menciona la definición, que están aceptados por la RAE e incluidos en el diccionario, pero eso no impide que en el habla coloquial se puedan formar nuevos verbos, como &lt;em&gt;googlear&lt;/em&gt; (buscar en Google) o el propuesto &lt;em&gt;bronquear&lt;/em&gt; (echar una bronca).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, de repente me resultó curioso que no se puedan formar verbos usando &lt;em&gt;-eer&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-eir&lt;/em&gt;, siempre son acabados en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;. Estaría bien saber por qué esto es así, pero de momento vamos a otra pregunta: ¿qué mecanismos tiene el español para &lt;em&gt;neologismear&lt;/em&gt;? ¿De qué otras formas se pueden inventar verbos en nuestro idioma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T16:04:34.720" Title="¿Qué mecanismos tiene el español para &quot;neologismear&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19488" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QOrQDkR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neologismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;neo-&lt;/em&gt;, el gr. &lt;em&gt;λόγος lógos&lt;/em&gt; 'palabra' e &lt;em&gt;-ismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Vocablo, acepción o giro nuevo en una lengua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Uso de neologismos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El idioma es algo que está en permanente evolución, por lo que no es raro que la gente se invente palabras nuevas constantemente. Este tag pretende reunir aquellas preguntas relacionadas con la formación y el uso de este tipo de palabras inventadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19489" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con la formación y uso de neologismos en el idioma español.&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Questions related to the formation and use of neologisms in the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T10:08:27.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19487" CreationDate="2017-01-26T15:18:33.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer existe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbolog.com/inventar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbolog&lt;/a&gt;, una web que te permite inventar verbos. La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verbolog.com/neolog.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista&lt;/a&gt; contiene términos tan interesantes como &lt;em&gt;empenumbrecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisabuelizar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;grisnublar&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, dicen que Frida Kahlo decía en una carta datada en 1947:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se pueden inventar verbos? Quiero decirte uno: Yo te cielo, así mis alas se extienden enormes para amarte sin medida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda, una manera muy sugerente de crear verbos: &lt;em&gt;cielar&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FHtGE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FHtGEm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centrándonos en la parte más formal del debate, existen distintas maneras de acuñar nuevas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;agregar afijos.&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sufijos: fama &gt; fam&lt;em&gt;oso&lt;/em&gt;, fruta &gt; frut&lt;em&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prefijos: feliz &gt; &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;feliz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;agregar, a un sustantivo o adjetivo, ciertos sufijos específicos: humano &gt; human&lt;em&gt;izar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;agregar interfijos entre la raíz y el sufijo: pintarrajear (pint + arr +  -aj + -ear).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sufijos específicos para formar verbos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sufijo  Ejemplos&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;-ar     activar, alegrar&#xA;-ear    blanquear&#xA;-ecer   florecer&#xA;-ificar amplificar, identificar&#xA;-izar   escolarizar, localizar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de verbos con interfijos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Verbo        Composición&#xA;-------------------------------------&#xA;bailotear    bail + ot- + -ear&#xA;despanzurrar des- + panz + urr- + -ar&#xA;apretujar    apret + -uj + -ar&#xA;resquebrajar res- + quebr + -aj + -ar&#xA;patalear     pat + -al + -ear&#xA;corretear    corr + -et + -ear&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anotaciones tomadas de &lt;a href=&quot;http://elblogdegramatica.blogspot.com.es/2013/05/formacion-de-nuevos-verbos-por.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Formación de nuevos verbos por derivación&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T15:18:33.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19492" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19498" CreationDate="2017-01-26T15:32:17.893" Score="3" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una duda que nos acaba de surgir. En español tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=16miGim&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agorero, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;agüero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que predice males o desdichas. Dicho especialmente de la persona pesimista. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HAZ24tq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exagerar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;exaggerāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Encarecer, dar proporciones excesivas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Decir, representar o hacer algo traspasando los límites de lo verdadero, natural, ordinario, justo o conveniente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos buscando una palabra que aúne los dos términos: una persona que predice males, pero dando para ello motivos demasiado exagerados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un término así en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T22:18:33.677" Title="¿Existe una palabra en español para designar a un agorero exagerado?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19487" CreationDate="2017-01-26T16:04:34.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo buenas fuentes a mano en este momento (puedo añadir más tarde) pero con respecto específicamente a que los verbos se formen exclusivamente con la conjugación en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, la respuesta es que ya desde el latín la primera conjugación era la que contaba con más verbos y era la más productiva en la formación de nuevos verbos, por simple analogía: al pensar cómo conjugar un nuevo verbo, el hablante recurre al más frecuente de los modelos existentes. Más todavía, esto funciona en otro nivel: una vez que se derivan unos cuantos verbos nuevos usando un determinado sufijo, queda tácitamente establecido que otros sufijos deben funcionar de la misma manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en el español hoy la terminación &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; es la única productiva, y que lo mismo ocurre en francés con la correspondiente (&lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;). Esto hablando de verbos derivados por medio de sufijos, por supuesto (ya que no hay razón para no inventar algo como &lt;em&gt;maldigerir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T16:04:34.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T17:09:50.020" Score="6" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;La segunda acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0VULIX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gato&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario de la Lengua es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;m. y f.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;coloq.&lt;/code&gt; Persona nacida en Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14518" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T09:19:38.020" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T09:19:38.020" Title="¿Por qué los nacidos en Madrid son &quot;gatos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19492" CreationDate="2017-01-26T17:10:00.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi sería &lt;code&gt;derrotista&lt;/code&gt; que es aquella persona que tiene una actitud de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJcKR2A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;derrotismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;derrotismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Actitud de desaliento o pesimismo en cualquier empeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien, en cualquier desepeño, está &lt;em&gt;augurando&lt;/em&gt; un mal resultado, está siendo exagerado ya que no todas las situaciones acabarán mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se podría decir de esta persona que es un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=16QIHsj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agonías&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, la parte de &lt;code&gt;exagerado&lt;/code&gt; es un poco subjetiva. Un &lt;em&gt;agorero exagerado&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; piensa que va a ocurrir lo peor? O no, siempre, pero cuando lo hace &lt;strong&gt;sobreestima&lt;/strong&gt; de de manera muy fatalista las consecuencias de lo que puede ocurrir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T17:20:23.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19494" CreationDate="2017-01-26T17:24:52.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tiene que ver con una leyenda (referencias en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edicioneslalibreria.es/por-que-a-los-madrilenos-se-les-llama-gatos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;edicioneslalibreria.es&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://tecuentomadrid.wordpress.com/2015/02/25/por-que-los-madrilenos-se-llaman-gatos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tecuentomadrid.wordpress.com&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/por-que-a-los-madrilenos-se-les-llama-gatos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;20 Minutos&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo) segun la cual un joven escaló con gran destreza una muralla, dando una victoria decisiva en la reconquista de Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En aquel tiempo, Toledo era la ciudad más importante de la Península. Pero sólo a 60 kilómetros existía Mayrit, una fortaleza militar musulmana de vital importancia estratégica y táctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese momento, los guardianes le presentaron a un muchacho al que llamaban “gato” por su agilidad y destreza para escalar muros que otros no podían. Al día siguiente, el joven escaló un alto muro con una soga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La leyenda cuenta que gracias al intrépido y ágil Gato se pudo ganar la batalla y se conquistó Madrid. Gato se convertiría en un héroe nacional tan famoso que con el paso del tiempo el término “gato” identificó, primero, a cualquier persona valiente de Madrid, y finalmente su significado se extendió para abarcar a cualquiera que hubiera nacido en la ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de esas leyendas dicen que el joven cambió &amp;quot;oficialmente&amp;quot; su apellido a &amp;quot;Gato&amp;quot;, después de la hazaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo de &lt;em&gt;TecuentoMadrid&lt;/em&gt; añade además:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]Otra leyenda nos cuenta que en la época cristiana había puertas que por entrar a la ciudad había que pagar tasas o peajes, por lo que, los más hábiles escalaban el muro como auténticos felinos.gatos blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es sabido que los tejados del Barrio de la Austrias, era un buen hogar para estos felinos, se decía que en Madrid las ratas no entraban porque los gatos las exterminaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T17:30:43.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19492" CreationDate="2017-01-26T18:48:32.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7vOl5ah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catastrofista&lt;/a&gt; es alguien que &amp;quot;tiene o demuestra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7vN6RHn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catastrofismo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;catastrofismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actitud de quien, &lt;strong&gt;exagerando&lt;/strong&gt; con fines generalmente intimidatorios, &lt;strong&gt;denuncia o pronostica gravísimos males&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T18:48:32.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T18:49:08.437" Score="3" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a book about a sailor in the Spanish Armada. The story begins in 1588, by which time he is about 20 years old, and continues into the early years of the 17th century. As it is in a sort of &quot;flash-back diary&quot; form, I want the language to be as authentic as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, didn't they use the future subjunctive,  spell   with an X, and use  instead of ? Are there any other differences along these lines I should know about  conjugations, pronouns, or spelling in the 16th century?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14796" LastEditorUserId="14796" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T18:37:30.383" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T19:27:16.343" Title="What are some important grammatical or spelling differences between 16th-century and 21st century Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-29T12:24:45.423" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19492" CreationDate="2017-01-26T20:45:59.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que el en español más que &lt;strong&gt;exagerado&lt;/strong&gt;  tendemos a calificar como &lt;strong&gt;mal augur&lt;/strong&gt; en lugar de &lt;strong&gt;augur exagerado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para &lt;strong&gt;mal augur&lt;/strong&gt; si existen términos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aguafiestas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;gafe&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;mal agüero&lt;/strong&gt; (ave de mal agüero)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T20:45:59.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19492" CreationDate="2017-01-26T22:18:33.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para la descripción que haces, acá en México es común usar el término &lt;strong&gt;&quot;fatalista&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T22:18:33.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19502" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-27T02:14:04.877" Score="4" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;To be in the soapbox&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;To be on your soapbox&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es una expresión que hace referencia a la gente que se subía en una de esas cajas grandes de madera (que se usaban para almacenar o transportar jabón) a dar un discurso en plena calle, normalmente de carácter político.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en esta entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soapbox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A soapbox is a raised platform on which one stands to make an impromptu speech, often about a political subject. The term originates from the days when speakers would elevate themselves by standing on a wooden crate originally used for shipment of soap or other dry goods from a manufacturer to a retail store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term is also used metaphorically to describe a person engaging in often flamboyant impromptu or unofficial public speaking, as in the phrases &amp;quot;He's on his soapbox&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;Get off your soapbox.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El último párrafo podría traducirse como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término se usa de forma metafórica para describir a una persona enzarzada en un llamativo discurso de carácter público, improvisado o extraoficial, con frases como &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Estás sobre tu caja de jabón&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Bájate de la caja de jabón&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, esta expresión no necesita mucha explicación en los países de habla anglosajona (Se ve que en el Hyde Park de Londres todavía se guarda un rincón para este tipo de discursos, el &lt;em&gt;Speakers Corner&lt;/em&gt; y desde 1872 llevan discutiendo de todo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en español, decirle a alguien que está &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;en su caja de jabón&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; cuando está haciendo un acalorado discurso público no se entiende nada. ¿Hay alguna expresión o modismo que signifique lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como notas aclarativas extra, los discursos suelen ser improvisados (uno se apasiona mucho con su discurso y entonces le dice eso de &amp;quot;get off your soapbox!&amp;quot;) o de carácter extraoficial (aunque sean de carácter político, serían más algo como el movimiento 15M que como un mitin programado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:54:57.900" Title="Traducción para &quot;To be in the soapbox&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19502" CreationDate="2017-01-27T09:25:46.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, al menos (y sospecho que en muchos otros países de América Latina también), puedes usar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;púlpito&lt;/strong&gt;. Como sabrás, el púlpito era un pequeño puesto elevado cercano al altar de la iglesia donde se subía el sacerdote para dar un sermón durante la misa u otro oficio religioso. He oído la expresión &lt;em&gt;subirse al púlpito&lt;/em&gt; para expresar que alguien se ha puesto a dar un discurso a los demás, algo muy parecido (o incluso equivalente) a la idea de la &lt;em&gt;soapbox&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GudCU.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GudCUm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, creo que en el ejemplo que pones podríamos usar las expresiones &lt;strong&gt;ya te has subido al púlpito&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;bájate del púlpito&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T09:33:41.923" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T09:33:41.923" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19506" CreationDate="2017-01-27T10:29:18.833" Score="14" ViewCount="4664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Andalucía somos muy de comernos la mitad de las palabras, con ejemplos como &quot;y to pa na&quot; (y todo para nada). Sin embargo, siempre he tenido la duda de cómo reflejar esto en la expresión escrita cuando quiero simular que, en un diálogo, el que habla tiene ese acento (al estilo de los cómics de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iv%C3%A0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ivà&lt;/a&gt;, que sabían reflejar perfectamente el peculiar estilo de habla de cada personaje).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo largo del tiempo he usado varias opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y to pa na&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;to pa na&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (nótense las cursivas para enfatizar las palabras acortadas)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y &quot;to pa na&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (variante de la anterior, con comillas)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y tó pá ná&lt;/strong&gt; (tildes para enfatizar cada palabra acortada)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y to' pa' na'&lt;/strong&gt; (con apóstrofos al estilo inglés para indicar la ausencia del resto de la palabra)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún tipo de regla que se deba aplicar en estas situaciones? ¿Cuál sería la opción correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T12:32:00.467" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T12:32:00.467" Title="¿Cómo se deben escribir en español las palabras que se escriben acortadas para simular el habla?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19508" CreationDate="2017-01-27T10:47:24.790" Score="10" ViewCount="12198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un compañero que suele hablar usando muchos anglicismos, algo que cada día es más común sobre todo en la gente joven que juega a videojuegos &lt;em&gt;online&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo lenguaje se inunda de expresiones prestadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy llega y nos enseña una foto jocosa y nos dice que &quot;la foto es &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19504/12637&quot;&gt;to'&lt;/a&gt; creepy&quot;. La imagen mostraba a dos personas, y estaba trucada para ponerle a uno la cara del otro y viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;creepy&quot; aplicado a personas significa, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/creepy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;annoyingly unpleasant&lt;/em&gt;. En español se usan expresiones como &lt;em&gt;espeluznante, terrorífico, horripilante&lt;/em&gt;, pero me parecen demasiado fuertes para designar a una foto que simplemente &lt;em&gt;da mal rollo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que eso es lo que ando buscando: una palabra que exprese que algo &quot;da mal rollo&quot; pero que sea algo más formal, sin llegar al extremo de &quot;terrorífico&quot;, y que se pueda usar en ejemplos que traduzcan expresiones como &quot;a creepy old man&quot;. ¿Cuál podría ser esa palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: pregunta orientada al español de España, pero estaré encantado de oír versiones de otras regiones, incluso coloquiales.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T17:04:34.660" Title="¿Cuál sería la mejor palabra en español para designar a una persona &quot;creepy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19504" CreationDate="2017-01-27T11:25:00.940" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que se trata de apócopes, parece que lo correcto sería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y to pa na&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Ortograf%C3%ADa-%20RAE%202010-Signos%20auxiliares.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la RAE 2010&lt;/a&gt;, en su sección de &lt;strong&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se empleaba para indicar la omisión o elisión de alguna vocal: &lt;em&gt;d’aquel&lt;/em&gt;. Recientemente, se ha restablecido en algunas reimpresiones de textos antiguos. Su utilización se limita a usos filológicos o literarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se utiliza también para reflejar en la escritura la supresión de sonidos que se produce en la pronunciación de palabras sucesivas en la lengua oral: &lt;em&gt;¡Para el carro o m’acatarro!&lt;/em&gt; Cuando cae la vocal final de la primera palabra y la segunda empieza por hache, esta debe conservarse: &lt;em&gt;Vamos pa l’Habana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El apóstrofo no debe utilizarse para marcar ni las apócopes ni las aféresis de una voz que se producen con independencia de la palabra que les siga: &lt;em&gt;pa&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;na&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;ña&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0wyYhT6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aféresis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;em&gt;«Supresión de algún sonido al principio de un vocablo, como en norabuena por enhorabuena»&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3DQrjNM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apócope&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;«Supresión de algún sonido al final de un vocablo, como en primer por primero»&lt;/em&gt;. Este es el caso que nos presentas, al utilizar las apócopes &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pa&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;na&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, detecto cierta ambigüedad para los casos de &lt;em&gt;«supresión de sonidos que se produce en la pronunciación de palabras sucesivas en la lengua oral»&lt;/em&gt;, pues considero que estos pueden ser apócopes también: ¿Deberíamos decir &lt;em&gt;pa Ana&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;p'Ana&lt;/em&gt; para mostrar la contracción de &lt;em&gt;para Ana&lt;/em&gt;?  Seguramente &lt;em&gt;p'Ana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que según el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas, en su versión web de 2005, lo correcto sería usar el apóstrofo y decir &lt;em&gt;Y to' pa' na'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wV8heEHVFD64FHx2Ng&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Signo ortográfico auxiliar en forma de coma alta (’), que apenas se usa en el español actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Como usos propios de la lengua española, se distinguen principalmente dos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) &lt;strong&gt;Para reflejar, en la escritura, la supresión de sonidos que se produce en ciertos niveles de la lengua oral&lt;/strong&gt;. Aparece con frecuencia en textos literarios cuando el autor desea reproducir el habla de personajes de escasa cultura: &lt;em&gt;«Sacúdete el vestidito, m’ija, pa’que se nos salga el mal agüero»&lt;/em&gt; (Hayen Calle [Méx. 1993]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T16:38:33.070" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T12:21:48.440" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El anglicismo '&lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;' es usado ahora como adjetivo para designar una amplía gama de sentimientos, situaciones, personas, objetos, entre otros. Muchas veces '&lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;' puede significar dos palabras distintas en español. Por ejemplo, en la expresión que usaste '&lt;em&gt;a creepy old man&lt;/em&gt;' podría significar &quot;Un viejo rarísimo&quot; o &quot;Un viejo que da miedo&quot;, &quot;Un viejo horripilante&quot;. También en algunos países esta denotación podría llegar a significar &quot;Viejo morboso&quot; o &quot;Viejo verde&quot;. Incluso podría designar alguien que se comporta de manera extraña o que es misterioso / introvertido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a estas múltiples interpretaciones de la palabra, me atrevería a decir que &lt;strong&gt;no hay una sola palabra que traduzca '&lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;'&lt;/strong&gt;. Todo depende del contexto en el que la palabra se utilice y el sentido que le podamos dar con la frase en sí o con la entonación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces, los anglicismos producen un efecto de bola de nieve al ser llevados a otros idiomas haciendo que en las lenguas que acojen el anglicismo la palabra pierda su significado original y empiece a usarse en otros contextos. Este fenómeno es más común cuando se trata de palabras famosas en términos de entretenimiento y su uso en las redes sociales y el internet. Es el caso para palabras como '&lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;', '&lt;em&gt;cringe&lt;/em&gt;', '&lt;em&gt;swag&lt;/em&gt;, entre muchas otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14803" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T12:24:06.847" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T12:24:06.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T13:59:47.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien ha dicho @Juansero29, hay muchas posibles traducciones para &lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;, dependiendo del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí personalmente me gusta tu ejemplo de &lt;code&gt;que da (muy) mal rollo&lt;/code&gt;, o incluso &lt;code&gt;que da (mucho) yuyu&lt;/code&gt; o simplemente &lt;code&gt;que es (muy) chungo&lt;/code&gt;, aunque todos estos son ejemplos de lenguaje informal (y no sé si tienen sentido fuera de España)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres algo más formal, ¿qué tal &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;siniestro&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es suficientemente formal, pero sin llegar a ser pedante o exagerado, y quedaría bastante bien con tus ejemplos de la foto y del señor mayor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1566" LastEditorUserId="1566" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T17:32:02.930" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:32:02.930" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:18:12.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, personalmente, lo traduciría como grima (&quot;un viejo grimoso&quot;, en el caso del ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE la definición de grimoso es &quot;que da &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JXutzHi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grima&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que a su vez según la propia RAE quiere decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desazón (‖ disgusto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. dentera (‖ sensación desagradable).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Hond. Temor muy intenso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando como referencia la definición inglesa &quot;annoyingly unpleasant&quot;, dada en la pregunta, que se traduciría literalmente como &quot;molestamente desagradable&quot;, cuadraría con la de grima como sinónimo de dentera (sensación desagradable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14805" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T15:40:58.440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T15:40:58.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T15:19:22.540" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pongo yo mismo una posible respuesta que se nos ha ocurrido hoy, que no implica que vaya a ser la acertada ya que hay otras opciones muy buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué os parece &quot;&lt;strong&gt;inquietante&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LijUvTR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;inquietar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es &quot;quitar el sosiego, turbar la quietud&quot;. Aunque no sé si cumple exactamente con los requisitos de &lt;em&gt;annoyingly unpleasant&lt;/em&gt; (que desagrada de una forma molesta). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, tendríamos &quot;un viejo inquietante&quot;, o &quot;una foto inquietante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya por pura curiosidad, usando &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; (y hablando de que algo moleste y desagrade a partes iguales) he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=18rnpQN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;agraz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;agro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Desagradable, molesto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se podría decir que un viejo &quot;es agraz&quot;? ¿O una foto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T16:13:13.327" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T16:13:13.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T17:01:43.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tenebroso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZSzYYeh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tenebroso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;tenebrōsus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Oscuro, cubierto de tinieblas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Sombrío, tétrico, negro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Hecho ocultamente y con intenciones perversas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14806" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T17:04:56.473" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:04:56.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19502" CreationDate="2017-01-27T17:54:57.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar una alternativa: muchas veces cuando se traduce algo no es posible dar una traducción exacta, o que use una expresión similar. Aunque eso sería lo idóneo, cuando no es posible es mejor cambiar radicalmente el enfoque mientras la idea que se exponga sea la misma que la original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo me encontrara en una situación en la que estuviera viendo a Fulano &lt;em&gt;on his soapbox&lt;/em&gt; y alguien me preguntara que dónde está, en vez de hacer énfasis precisamente en eso, en el &quot;dónde está&quot; (&lt;em&gt;on his soapbox&lt;/em&gt;), haría hincapié en qué está haciendo, y soltaría frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahí está, dando un discurso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Está ahí soltando su rollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O podría usar una expresión algo más genérica pero que podría dar una idea parecida de estar haciendo algo con entusiasmo o para lo que está predispuesto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahí está, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X5dw8Ij#A2cgy8u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en su salsa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo malo es que esta expresión puede servir para cualquier cosa en la que alguien haga algo con suma naturalidad, pero se puede entender que en el contexto de la situación se refiera a la persona que da el discurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, para la versión negativa &lt;em&gt;get off your soapbox&lt;/em&gt; procedería de la misma forma. Si fuera yo, usaría expresiones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Corta el rollo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Acaba de una vez!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O una algo más parecida pero (igual que antes) más genérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Baja de ahí ya!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que esta respuesta es un poco &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SpUXYQC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salirse por peteneras&lt;/a&gt;, y por supuesto no respeta las sutilezas del original, pero no se me ocurre nada mejor que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19503/12637&quot;&gt;lo del púlpito&lt;/a&gt;, y era por dar un enfoque diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:54:57.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19499" CreationDate="2017-01-27T19:27:16.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally think that the best thing you can do to get yourself ready to write as a genuine beginning-of-the-17st-century person is to read the first edition of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://quijote.bne.es/libro.html&quot;&gt;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, first published in 1605. Just the original title gives you a hint of what you can expect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ingenioso hidalgo don Qvixote de la Mancha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it uses X as the nowadays J. And it uses V as the nowadays U and vice versa (example: &lt;em&gt;nouenta marauedis&lt;/em&gt;) as they were considered variations of the same letter. Just have a look at the first pages (&lt;em&gt;Tassa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;El rey&lt;/em&gt;) and you will discover more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of the Ç as the nowadays Z (examples: &lt;em&gt;conde de Benalcaçar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;onças&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lança&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of the double S in some words (examples: &lt;em&gt;lector carissimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sossiego&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of the ~ not only in the Ñ to make abbreviations, usually omitting a following N (examples: &lt;em&gt;se hace menciõ&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lleno de pẽsamiẽtos varios&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of Y in some cases instead of I (examples: &lt;em&gt;seyscientos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;traygais&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vereys&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of the ZE and ZI syllables instead of CE, CI (examples: &lt;em&gt;hazerlos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dezia&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The lack of some H's (examples: &lt;em&gt;ay&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aora&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;, although &lt;em&gt;agora&lt;/em&gt; was also used in this case).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, a lot of different words were used. You can check the Covarrubias dictionary (1611) to see if some word was of use in the first years of the XVII century. Tip: go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot;&gt;the NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;, look up a word and see if an entry titled &quot;Covarrubias&quot; appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the grammar, yes, the future subjuntive was way more used than today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y la otra tercia parte, para el juez que lo sentenciare.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other aspects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; (second person plural) pronoun was used instead of the nowadays &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second person plural termination of verbs was still sometime &lt;em&gt;-des&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;-eis&lt;/em&gt;, but that form was disappearing at the time: &lt;em&gt;huuieredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hallaredes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trataredes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pronouns suffixed to verbs: &lt;em&gt;llenosele&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;se le llenó&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lacks almost all the nowadays &lt;em&gt;tildes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could carry on and on, but I really think you should check the book for yourself and then start asking questions about the words, forms and constructions you do not understand, one at a time. That would get you the best documentation for your book and will bring very interesting questions about the history of the Spanish language to this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T19:27:16.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2017-01-27T22:13:58.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver la expresión en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsF7enQY8uI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un vídeo que muestra un brazo robótico&lt;/a&gt; sosteniendo un &lt;em&gt;pen&lt;/em&gt; sobre un &lt;em&gt;touchpad&lt;/em&gt;, haciendo que el cursor del PC se desplace hasta la casilla del &lt;em&gt;captcha&lt;/em&gt; que dice &quot;I am not a robot&quot;, para seguidamente hacer clic sobre dicha casilla (ironía muy fina). Acto seguido se enfoca al brazo robótico al que le han puesto dos ojitos de pega, aparecen unas gafas pixeladas sobre los ojitos y aparece el texto de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si será muy regional, pero aquí en Andalucía (España) diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Ahí lo llevas!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta esta frase porque creo que refleja muy bien el original, al tiempo que la complementa. La frase completa sería &quot;ahí lo llevas, ahora apáñatelas&quot; (esta segunda parte sería el &quot;deal with it&quot;), en inglés se omite la primera parte y en la versión en español se omitiría la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy en la línea de esta expresión tendríamos esta otra, que a mí personalmente también me parece que le vendría muy bien al vídeo del robot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Chúpate esa!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que aunque lo pueda parecer, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18846/12637&quot;&gt;no tiene ninguna connotación sexual&lt;/a&gt; y la puede usar cualquiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T11:41:20.787" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T11:41:20.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2017-01-27T23:11:01.423" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A bote pronto, y compartiendo la misma raiz que &lt;em&gt;creepy&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos la española &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BCIFWX7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;crápula&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;crapŭla&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. κραιπάλη &lt;em&gt;kraipálē&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Disipación, libertinaje.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. p. us. Embriaguez o borrachera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Hombre de vida licenciosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14808" LastEditorDisplayName="user14425" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T22:03:16.280" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T22:03:16.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-28T01:24:53.677" Score="3" ViewCount="1082" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm trying to translate sentences like (I'll write the English sentence and then what I think would be a good translation):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The computer doesn't work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El computador no funciona.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My car does have an air conditioner but it's broken.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi auto sí tiene aire acondicionado, pero está malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if they are correct, but are there other ways to say these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Don't change/edit &quot;malo&quot; for &quot;roto&quot;. I'm a native Spanish speaker and I know it's correct, besides the purpose of the question was to find more ways to say it. But thanks for adding accent marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14810" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T01:29:00.203" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T01:29:00.203" Title="How do you say &quot;the &lt;device&gt; is broken/doesn't work&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19516" CreationDate="2017-01-28T02:11:09.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are correct, indeed. Some other ways include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pantalla de mi computadora esta rota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My computer screen is cracked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te prestaría mi teléfono, pero se ha quebrado cuando se cayó al piso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd let you borrow my phone, but it has broken when it fell on the floor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi auto tiene aire acondicionado, pero no enciende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My car has air conditioner, but it's not turning on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T02:11:09.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19516" CreationDate="2017-01-28T02:15:34.757" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first sentence is fine, &lt;strong&gt;funcionar&lt;/strong&gt; is the verb used to mean &lt;em&gt;to work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(= operates/functions properly)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second one, while the sense is mostly conveyed, using &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt; could just be interpreted to mean that it's not the greatest, rather than that it's broken.  There are a number of different verbs used whose participle you can use that work well.  These include &lt;em&gt;estropear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;averiar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;descomponer&lt;/em&gt;,  &lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt;, amongst others.  To use these in the sentence you had you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi auto sí tiene aire acondicionado, pero está [ &lt;strong&gt;estropeado&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;averiado&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;descompuesto&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;roto&lt;/strong&gt; ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T02:15:34.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9897" CreationDate="2017-01-28T03:30:39.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;papichulo&quot; es un neologismo tomado del diminutivo de &quot;papá&quot; y de la palabra: &quot;chulo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chulo&lt;/em&gt; tiene varias acepciones de como entenderla de acuerdo al ambiente cultural donde se pronuncia y como se pronuncia y donde se utiliza. Por ejemplo, en un ambiente cultural propio del inframundo a bajo pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;papichulo&quot; expuesta como ofensa se refiere a un proxeneta de porte elegante que vive de la &quot;prostituta&quot;, &quot;servidora sexual&quot; o &quot;terapeuta sexual&quot;, en un ambiente del medio y alto pueblo, o suprapueblo: la palabra &quot;papichulo&quot;, expuesta se refiere a un halago que utiliza para ensalzar a un hombre hermoso y elegante, atractivo. De ahí la utilización del diminutivo &quot;papi&quot; para referirse a su complejo de Electra con respecto al padre o &quot;papá&quot; y de lo atractivo refiriéndose a él como hombre con el cual puede tener amor-sexual, que no es incestuoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14811" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-28T23:03:51.770" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T23:03:51.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14999" CreationDate="2017-01-28T21:22:11.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nadie dijo que la frase tuviera que tener sentido. He aquí una frase que podría cumplir con lo que has solicitado, así totalmente improvisada. Reto a cualquiera a que se invente una con más sentido, si es capaz. :) La formateo para que se vea que cada palabra tiene una longitud de una unidad más o menos que la anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Albert&#xA;bizqueó&#xA;contento&#xA;después,&#xA;entrando&#xA;finamente,&#xA;gracioso,&#xA;humilde,&#xA;inquieto,&#xA;jugando&#xA;kafkiano&#xA;locamente&#xA;mientras&#xA;nublaba,&#xA;ñublos&#xA;oscilan,&#xA;pensando,&#xA;quietos&#xA;retumban,&#xA;sollozo,&#xA;tétricos,&#xA;untando&#xA;viento,&#xA;walkman&#xA;xecudo,&#xA;yerba&#xA;zoca.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más o menos bien hasta las últimas palabras en las que derrapo estrepitosamente, pero es que el final del alfabeto se las trae. Esta frase la llega a coger &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Giraud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Moebius&lt;/a&gt; y te hace un cómic de 8 páginas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se admiten interpretaciones y comentarios. :D Podéis comprobar que todas aparecen en el DRAE (sí, incluyendo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c65RhUj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;walkman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). Me permito usar un nombre propio para empezar la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T08:51:18.670" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T08:51:18.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19532" CreationDate="2017-01-29T03:46:57.633" Score="6" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No backsies&quot; it what kids say in the U.S. when playing the game 'tag' (pilla-pilla / jugar a pillar), to prevent the person that is &quot;it&quot; from tagging you right back. Or, it can be said when giving a dubious &quot;gift&quot; such as a piece of trash to a classmate or your brother. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="568" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T22:09:37.217" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:51:40.427" Title="How do you say &quot;no backsies&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19523" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-29T11:23:17.137" Score="3" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for titles for dialog boxes in my application, and I don't trust Google translate. Do such titles change from country to country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in providing a comfortable and linguistically familiar interface to all Spanish speakers, so I'm interested in differences in translation between as many countries as possible, and in case some country ends up missing from my list, what should be my fallback forms of the phrases, that would sound the least strange for the maximum number of people?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate gave me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elija el archivo para cifrar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elija el archivo para descifrar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respectivelly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that be appropriate everywhere? How unified is Spanish across countries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I speak Portuguese, and the differences between countries vocabularies are huge. While in Portugal they say &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ficheiro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; for Folder in Brazil we say &lt;em&gt;&quot;Pasta&quot;&lt;/em&gt; for the same word. So using a software translated to European Portuguese can be pretty awkward to a Brazilian like me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We Brazilians rely heavily on anglicisms for example, while Portugal uses practically none (You call your mouse a mouse in Brazil, but in Portugal it's called &lt;em&gt;rato&lt;/em&gt;, which means rat, not mouse... So you get why I need to know these things. I don't want to appear insensitive to differences like those).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other Portuguese speaking countries have even weirder vocabularies, and I will address that in a question similar to this one on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Portuguese Language&lt;/a&gt; site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the software can detect the precise Locale of the system, it can use the vocabulary specific for each and every country. I would like to not leave any Spanish speaking country out: if there are regional differences, I want to make sure they are accounted for in my software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14818" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:38.453" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T14:55:06.050" Title="How do you say &quot;Choose file to encrypt&quot; and &quot;Choose file to decrypt&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19525" CreationDate="2017-01-29T12:50:40.993" Score="1" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently texted my (Spanish-speaking) girlfriend, saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a mis padres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She corrected me, telling me instead that I should say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; mis padres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, that appears to invalidate the meaning.  What I wanted to say (in English) was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm going to my parents' [house]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;house&quot; was implied but elided).  Thus, I re-texted her, saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a &lt;em&gt;la casa de&lt;/em&gt; mis padres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker, the use of possessives in English seems natural and automatic, but this feature is lacking in Spanish.  My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the most efficient way of using possessives like the above in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A less-important side-question:  How would a native Spanish speaker understand my original message?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, I &lt;em&gt;am&lt;/em&gt; aware of, and consider myself fluent with, Spanish grammar involving &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2593/&quot;&gt;possessives and body parts&lt;/a&gt; (way different than English!), and also I've reviewed &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15227&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12965&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T10:13:41.780" Title="[Im]proper use of possessive in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19524" CreationDate="2017-01-29T13:21:23.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First things first: to convey the meaning you intended, you should have said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a lo de mis padres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to your side-question: a native Spanish speaker would not understand your original message, though very likely they could make a guess, especially if they knew that your L1 is English (because they'd guess you were trying to mimic the English possessive structure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind this is an idiomatic construction. &lt;em&gt;Lo de alguien&lt;/em&gt; is a fixed phrase: it always means &quot;somebody's place&quot;. You can stretch the meaning a bit. For example, suppose you have a small store and you paid a guy to print your logo on a batch of fancy paper bags; now you have to go fetch them, so you can say: &lt;em&gt;Voy a lo de las bolsas.&lt;/em&gt; This might be slightly weird depending on dialect. Many people would rather say: &lt;em&gt;Voy por las bolsas.&lt;/em&gt; Or, closer to the original pattern: &lt;em&gt;Voy al de las bolsas&lt;/em&gt;, i. e. literally &quot;I'm going to the bags'&quot;, meaning &quot;I'm going to the bags guy's place.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, remember &lt;em&gt;lo de (alguien)&lt;/em&gt; is an idiom always referring to place of residence (or work). As a general rule, you don't use &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a possessive, you can replace the noun (or noun phrase) by an empathic possessive pronoun, as I'm sure you already know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tu casa es muy grande. La mía es mucho más pequeña.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No cabemos en mi auto. Vayamos en el tuyo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above usage is different from your original situation because here you're not eliding but replacing, and you can't replace a noun phrase with a pronoun unless you have mentioned it before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T13:21:23.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18816" CreationDate="2017-01-29T17:18:20.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to be interested in identifying and characterizing different structures involving an obligation that was not fulfilled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it advisable to add a direct object to those sentences so that their sense can be complete. As they are, something seems to be missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Debió entregarle el dinero: this has two possible translations (let's imagine the subject is female and the recipient is male):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.a. She had to give him the money (and she gave him the money).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.b. She should have given him the money (but she didn't). In Spanish, this can also be expressed as follows: Debería haberle entregado el dinero OR Tenía que entregarle el dinero OR Tendría que haberle entregado el dinero (pero no lo hizo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Le hubiera entregado el dinero: this expresses a wish (or regret) about something that did not take place in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.a. If only she had given him the money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a tacit condition, sentence (2) may express a hypothetical result:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.b. What would she have done if she had had the money? (¿Qué hubiera/habría hecho - ella - si hubiera tenido el dinero?)&#xA;She would have given it to him. (Se lo hubiera/habría dado.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My conclusion is then that both &quot;Debió entregarle el dinero&quot; and &quot;Le hubiera entregado el dinero&quot; can express regret about a past obligation that was not fulfilled. Each structure has in turn a meaning of its own: &quot;Debió entregarle el dinero&quot; can express a past obligation that was in fact fulfilled, while &quot;Le hubiera entregado el dinero&quot; can form part of a conditional sentence to express a hypothetical, counterfactual result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admit that the non-native speaker may be confused by the possibility of &quot;Debió entregarle el dinero&quot; expressing either a fulfilled or a non-fulfilled obligation, but unfortunately Spanish allows both possibilities. The context will define which is true in each case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T01:16:11.890" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T01:16:11.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19523" CreationDate="2017-01-29T17:46:36.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;“Choose file to encrypt”  in Spanish can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seleccione el archivo para encriptar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Choose file to decrypt” can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seleccione el archivo para desencriptar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14820" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T22:13:22.467" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T22:13:22.467" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19446" CreationDate="2017-01-29T17:58:44.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ing&lt;/strong&gt;. sin lugar a dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso de C es una política extraña de tu contratador y no es algo usado globalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jamás quites importancia al título que seguramente te ha costado tanto lograr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14820" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-11-12T10:51:31.950" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T10:51:31.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="213" CreationDate="2017-01-29T20:45:33.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about...In your lips, you will always carry the essence of me. &quot;Boca&quot;&#xA; is O.K. in Spanish but in translating it, it becomes too anatomical and less romantic so leave it at the lips and voila!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14821" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T20:45:33.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19522" CreationDate="2017-01-30T08:46:46.113" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, en el juego de &lt;strong&gt;la traes/quemados/la roña&lt;/strong&gt; se dice &lt;strong&gt;no vale chicle&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El juego es similar al de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juegostradicionalesaragoneses.com/juegos/tula.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tú la llevas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en España. Según el enlace se dice &lt;strong&gt;no vale devolver la tula&lt;/strong&gt;. Sería interesante que algún español confirmara esta información.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejo unos enlaces relevantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juego_de_persecuci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juegos de persecución&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://juegostradicionalesmexicanos.blogspot.mx/2010/01/juegos-para-correr.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juegos mexicanos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T11:19:28.977" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T11:19:28.977" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16655" CreationDate="2017-01-30T09:24:33.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de alteraciones del lenguaje es más común en México de lo que la mayoría de los mismos Mexicanos nos damos cuenta. En realidad no tiene ningún significado especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que es de la opinión generalizada que este tipo de modificaciones es exclusiva de los grupos indígenas; tal percepción es errónea. Si bién pudo ser ocasionada por la pronunciación de los indígenas al estar aprendiendo el español, también es cierto que grandes regiones adoptaron costumbres ligüísticas semejantes. Existen muchas variaciones de estos sufijos en México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tatuaste =&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tatuates, tatuatis, tatuastes, tatuatesn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pintaste =&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pintates, pintatis, pintastes, pintatesn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, las palabras con la terminación &lt;strong&gt;-ste&lt;/strong&gt; tendrán estas alteraciones. p. ej. fuiste, viniste, trajiste, regalaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso no está limitado al uso de los indígenas o rancheros y son usados también en las zonas urbanas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra alteración que mencionas que consiste en sustituir el sonido de la &lt;strong&gt;f&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt; es mucho menos común en personas con un estudio formal mínimo  de 6 a 9 años (primaria y secundaria). Y tampoco tienen un significado especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fuerza&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt;  juerza.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Felipe&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; Gelipe o Jelipe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;hijo&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; jijo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;hoyo&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; joyo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras alteraciones  son &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt; pero estas son mucho más comunes y casi estoy seguro que no son exclusivas de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;huevo&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; güevo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;huarache&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; guarache.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;huerto&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; güerto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; güeno.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no olvidemos el típico &lt;strong&gt;we&lt;/strong&gt; (se pronuncia güe) mexicano que es de mal gusto a menos que haya una familiaridad muy cercana; de lo contrario, puede tomarse como un insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estás &lt;strong&gt;we&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buey&lt;/strong&gt; =&gt; güey =&gt; güe =&gt; we&#xA;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T06:22:29.263" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T06:22:29.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19524" CreationDate="2017-01-30T10:13:41.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; are not possessives but &lt;strong&gt;prepositions&lt;/strong&gt;. As in English, &lt;strong&gt;prepositions&lt;/strong&gt; have a main meaning but sometimes it gets complicated to choose the right one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Directly translated, &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; is equivalent to the English preposition &lt;strong&gt;with&lt;/strong&gt;; the catch here is that &lt;strong&gt;con mis padres&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;with my parents&lt;/strong&gt; but also means &lt;strong&gt;to my parents' place&lt;/strong&gt;. The meaning depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;  - Voy &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; el médico - Voy &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; médico (is used too) - Voy &lt;strong&gt;a lo&lt;/strong&gt; del médico (not used in México)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you cannot say &lt;strong&gt;*voy a mis padres&lt;/strong&gt;. In México, most of the time we use &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; to say that we are moving towards other people´s whereabouts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer you side question, I believe that you were understood based on the context of you text communication; i.e. perhaps she new that you where going somewhere. Out of context, it would be difficult to tell what you meant.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T10:13:41.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-30T10:23:28.810" Score="4" ViewCount="862" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this sentence,&quot;Es el gato un mínimo tigre de salón&quot; is from Neruda. The sentence has been used by Garcia Marquez as follows:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El incidente me conmocionó tanto, que escribí una nota para el domingo con un&#xA;  título usurpado a Neruda: Es el gato un mínimo tigre de salón? (Memorias de mis putas tristes, Garcia Marquez)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't get what he means by &quot;mini-tiger from salon&quot;. Nonetheless, to my surprise, Google translates this sentence as: &quot;Is the cat a minimum living tiger?&quot; I am totally lost here! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T17:49:28.697" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Es el gato un mínimo tigre de salón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19535" CreationDate="2017-01-30T10:40:42.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact, Neruda is using this sentence in a poem entitled &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Oda al gato&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. So, the closest translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Small tiger of the hall&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the cat is a small animal, is as worthy as a tiger. So why did he used &lt;strong&gt;mínimo&lt;/strong&gt; instead of another word? I believe because of rhythmic beauty.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh pequeño&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  emperador sin orbe,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  conquistador sin patria,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mínimo tigre de salón, nupcial&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sultán del cielo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de las tejas eróticas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el viento del amor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en la intemperie&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  reclamas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando pasas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y posas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuatro pies delicados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en el suelo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oliendo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  desconfiando&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de todo lo terrestre,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  porque todo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  es inmundo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para el inmaculado pie del gato. (frag.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T10:40:42.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15058" CreationDate="2017-01-30T11:13:01.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México &lt;strong&gt;portarse&lt;/strong&gt;  (a secas) no implica portarse bien. En este sentido se usa, en cambio, &lt;strong&gt;comportarse&lt;/strong&gt; (a secas) que sí lleva (en México) implícito el sentido de bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T11:15:03.500" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T11:15:03.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19535" CreationDate="2017-01-30T11:54:29.580" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When something is &lt;em&gt;de salón&lt;/em&gt;, it means that the thing is designed to be placed in the living room &lt;em&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X5CPlUX&quot;&gt;salón&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mesa de salón&lt;/em&gt; (table designed specifically to be used in the living room).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Lámpara de salón&lt;/em&gt; (lamp designed specifically to be used in the living room).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so we arrive to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tigre de salón&lt;/em&gt; (tiger designed specifically to be placed in the living room).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Krauss said, the use of &quot;minimum&quot; is just a poetic license, giving the sense of the small tiger ever created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T11:54:29.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19540" CreationDate="2017-01-30T12:08:25.390" Score="3" ViewCount="551" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't been learning Spanish long so forgive me if this is the most simplest question ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wanting to wish my friend from Madrid well with for an exam they have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So  I'm wanting to know if this sentence &quot;te deseo todo la suerte en el mundo&quot; is grammatically correct, ie is it the correct use of the pronoun and verb etc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or would the sentence be &quot;Deseo tú todo la suerte en el mundo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14824" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T12:22:21.983" Title="Is this sentence grammatically correct? &quot;te deseo todo la suerte en el mundo&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19539" CreationDate="2017-01-30T12:22:21.983" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first option is almost the right one. Just two notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Todo&quot; must agree in gender with &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YeOou1l&quot;&gt;suerte&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which is feminine. So it is &quot;toda la suerte&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish we say &quot;del mundo&quot;, as if the luck were something the world posseses (instead of being something the world contains).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the final sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Te deseo toda la suerte del mundo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda la suerte del mundo para ti también con tus estudios de español. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T12:22:21.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19535" CreationDate="2017-01-30T17:49:28.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two current answers are good, but I feel something is missing&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Carlos Alejo points, &quot;de salón&quot; means that it is to put into the living room. The living room is (and specially more in the old times) the room where a family would put its most delicate and expensive wares and stuff, for everyone visiting them to see. So this brings two additional ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the cat is pretty, precious.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the cat is a domesticated being; you would not put a wild animal in your living room, as it was a risk for all your other precious stuff. This one idea contrasts with the image of the tiger.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as for Krauss answer, I can not help thinking that with &quot;mínimo&quot; the author also plays with the &quot;minino&quot; word, which is a familiar term for &quot;cat&quot;. Even if the only correct interpretation is that of Krauss answer, everytime I read the word &quot;mínimo&quot;, in my mind it doubles the &quot;cat&quot; reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Not surprising, as poems and other lyric works are often way more difficult to &lt;em&gt;fully&lt;/em&gt; interpret than other works and there is a very important subjective component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T17:49:28.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19555" CreationDate="2017-01-30T18:57:02.767" Score="2" ViewCount="794" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo un ensayo que habla de un grupo étnico y la discriminación y persecución que sufren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es apropriado usar la frase francesa &quot;partis pris&quot; para describir esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T17:59:10.383" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T17:59:10.383" Title="El uso de &quot;partis pris&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19545" CreationDate="2017-01-30T19:57:36.387" Score="2" ViewCount="2004" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento por lo haber intentado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or does it have to be &lt;em&gt;haberlo intentado&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14833" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T04:44:47.257" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T12:53:32.087" Title="How to translate &quot;I'm sorry for trying&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19544" CreationDate="2017-01-30T21:39:39.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siento haberlo intentado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the object pronouns &lt;em&gt;la, le, lo&lt;/em&gt; etc. are always enclitic (they follow the verb) if it's an infinitive, and they're written as one word with it. This is in contrast to other Romance languages which either allow freedom in the position of the pronoun or prescribe that it must be proclitic to (i. e. attached in front of) the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the same construction (in this case) substituting &lt;em&gt;lamentar&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lamento haberlo intentado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more examples see the relevant section of Wikipedia's article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_pronouns#Clitic_pronouns_and_enclitization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish pronouns&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T12:53:32.087" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T12:53:32.087" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19477" CreationDate="2017-01-31T01:47:55.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;entre los que me incluyo&quot; is a very usual clause in Spanish, mdewey. Apart from &quot;entre quienes me incluyo,&quot; as Alejo suggested, it is also equivalent to &quot;entre los cuales me incluyo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What needs to be understood here is that, for the article to be able to precede the relative pronoun (the invariable &quot;que&quot; or the variable &quot;cual&quot;/&quot;cuales&quot;), the clause needs to be non-defining (between commas, as is the case with the sentence at issue) or a nominal relative, that is, a clause which can be interpreted as containing a noun accompanied by a relative clause. Compare these sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los científicos que trabajan allí saben predecir la temperatura (&quot;los que&quot; and &quot;los cuales&quot; cannot be used instead of &quot;que&quot; here, while &quot;quienes&quot; would sound odd to most Spanish speakers, if not altogether wrong) (The scientists who/that work there know how to predict the temperature). This is a DEFINING clause that helps define &quot;los científicos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los científicos de ese laboratorio, que/quienes/los cuales (NOT los que) llevan muchos años trabajando allí, saben predecir la temperatura. (The scientists in that laboratory, who have been working there for many years, know how to predict the temperature). This is a NON-DEFINING clause that adds extra, unnecessary information.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a preposition, as in the opening sentence, we need the forms &quot;el que&quot;, &quot;el cual&quot; and &quot;quien&quot;, including their variants in the feminine and plural, while &quot;el que&quot; and &quot;quien&quot; and its variants can introduce nominal relative clauses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los científicos en los que / en los cuales / en quienes más confío son aquéllos que saben predecir la temperatura. (The scientists in whom I trust the most -- better: The scientists I trust the most -- are those who can predict the temperature). Notice that &quot;en&quot; is a preposition. When the noun is not personal, we can use preposition + &quot;que&quot;: La teoría en que baso mi afirmación tiene base científica (The theory on which I base my assertion has a scientific basis)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los científicos son los que / quienes más saben de meteorología. (Scientists are (the ones/those) who are most knowledgeable about meteorology). In this case, the clause is called &quot;nominal relative&quot; because it can be understood as formed by a noun and a relative clause: ...son las personas que más saben de meteorología.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T01:47:55.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19556" CreationDate="2017-01-31T03:54:14.097" Score="3" ViewCount="409" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación más visual para el modismo &amp;quot;Round hole square peg problem&amp;quot; es posiblemente ese juguete que tienen los niños pequeños que consiste en bloques de madera de distintas formas y colores (un cuadrado, una estrella, un cilindro o círculo, etc.) que hay que poner en una caja, bien en el agujero de su correspondiente forma o a través de un agujero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modismo hace referencia a intentar meter una de las piezas por el agujero que no es. La figura por supuesto no cabe, por más que lo forcemos. La expresión se usa en inglés para decir &amp;quot;esto no pertenece aquí&amp;quot; (usada tanto para personas como para &amp;quot;cosas&amp;quot;, incluidas soluciones a problemas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Square peg in a round hole&amp;quot; is an idiomatic expression which describes the unusual individualist who could not fit into a niche of his or her society&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_peg_in_a_round_hole&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el significado de &amp;quot;estás forzando esa solución&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;combinando cosas que no encajan juntas&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] to continue with the old diplomatic approach would be like hammering square pegs into round holes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(misma fuente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún modismo en español que signifique algo parecido tipo, &amp;quot;no vas a poder hacer funcionar esa solución ni a martillazos; eso no encaja&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QxR47.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QxR47m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T21:00:37.727" Title="Modismo para &quot;Round hole square peg problem&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19544" CreationDate="2017-01-31T09:08:09.430" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option that does not use the infinitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdona que lo intentara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, as the verb is not in its infinitive form, the object pronoun goes before it. You can use the infinitive in this other option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perdón por haberlo intentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you must insert &quot;por&quot;, as in the English &quot;sorry for...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T09:08:09.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T09:43:13.610" Score="2" ViewCount="364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de toparme con esta palabra en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ap1NIeq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corbeta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;corvette&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Buque de guerra de características similares a la fragata, pero con menor tonelaje y autonomía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Antiguo buque de guerra, con tres palos y vela cuadrada, semejante a la fragata, aunque más pequeña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha llamado la atención que la adaptación al español de la palabra fuese con &quot;b&quot;, supongo que por el hecho de haber visto más veces la palabra usada en el Chevrolet Corvette que en la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;corbeta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras palabras que vienen del francés no han sufrido ese cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Revancha (del francés &lt;em&gt;revanche&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avalancha (del francés &lt;em&gt;avalanche&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vitral (del francés &lt;em&gt;vitrail&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y las que en francés eran con &quot;b&quot; han seguido manteniendo la &quot;b&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debatirse (del francés &lt;em&gt;se débattre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Briñón (del francés &lt;em&gt;brugnon&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es este caso un caso puntual, o existen otras palabras que hayan sufrido el mismo cambio? Y en cualquier caso, ¿a qué obecede este cambio de letra? ¿Tal vez por similitud con la palabra &lt;em&gt;orbe&lt;/em&gt;, ya de uso en el siglo XIII? ¿O porque &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3d2fdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;corveta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ya se usaba con otro significado más orientado a la hípica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T10:45:50.860" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T12:32:10.923" Title="¿Por qué &quot;corbeta&quot;, siendo una palabra proveniente del francés &quot;corvette&quot;, se adaptó con &quot;b&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19552" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19553" CreationDate="2017-01-31T10:19:36.310" Score="4" ViewCount="10414" Body="&lt;p&gt;En distinos países de Hispanoamérica se utiliza la forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué bueno que viniste!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para decir &lt;em&gt;qué bien que vinieras&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;qué bien que hayas venido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al usar &lt;em&gt;que viniste&lt;/em&gt; se utiliza el pretérito perfecto simple de &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;, que es una forma verbal utilizada para acciones completadas en el pasado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usando la teoría, sí tiene sentido como tal, máxime cuando en Hispanoamérica normalmente se usa más el pasado simple que el compuesto (&lt;em&gt;hoy vine&lt;/em&gt; en Hispanoamérica, &lt;em&gt;hoy he venido&lt;/em&gt; en España). Sin embargo, en el castellano de España suena bastante extraño y diríamos &lt;em&gt;que hayas venido&lt;/em&gt;, utilizando el presente del subjuntivo. Es, por tanto, no una diferencia de usar formas simples o compuestas, sino directamente de usar modos distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿por qué la expresión utiliza el pretérito perfecto simple del indicativo, cuando su &quot;equivalente&quot; en España usa el subjuntivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, ¿en qué países se usa exactamente? A mí me suena que en Argentina, pero buscando por la red encontré referencias a otro países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T10:29:39.457" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T20:37:39.257" Title="¿Es correcta la construcción &quot;qué bueno que viniste&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19552" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:51:12.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me resulta levemente extraña (cuando la analizo) la construcción con subjuntivo. Se me ocurre que puede haber ahí una influencia de frases relacionadas que sí lo llevan indudablemente, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desearía que vinieras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sería bueno que vinieras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estaba esperando que vinieras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto en esos ejemplos el uso obligatorio del subjuntivo está dado por la construcción verbal (el modo potencial en los dos primeros casos, el verbo &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt; en el tercero). En &lt;em&gt;Qué bueno que...&lt;/em&gt; no hay un verbo principal, pero quizá los hablantes lo están asumiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina decimos &lt;em&gt;Qué bueno&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Qué bien&lt;/em&gt; y generalmente &lt;em&gt;que viniste&lt;/em&gt;, aunque &lt;em&gt;que hayas venido&lt;/em&gt; tampoco suena raro. Ya menos gramaticalmente es común escuchar cosas como &lt;em&gt;Me gustó que viniste&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Me encantó que viniste&lt;/em&gt;, que para oídos de otras latitudes deben sonar espantosamente mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:51:12.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19551" CreationDate="2017-01-31T12:32:10.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todo parece indicar que la etimología original es desconocida, si bien me extrañaría que un país con tanta tradición marítima como España tomara del francés una palabra de este tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como hemos visto en los comentarios, un paseo por el Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;) nos muestra la evolución de la palabra en los diccionarios del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;1721&lt;/strong&gt; Bluteau dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corbeta. &lt;em&gt;Curvêta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;1786&lt;/strong&gt; Terreros y Pando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corbeta, corbetear, V. Corveta, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en &lt;em&gt;corveta&lt;/em&gt; vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corvete, especie de fragata, V.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a continuación tiene otra entrada con &lt;em&gt;corveta&lt;/em&gt; en la que detalla extensamente la acepción relacionada con los caballos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esta es la única entrada en la que aparece &lt;em&gt;corveta&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la embarcación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, existe la curiosidad de que en &lt;strong&gt;1705&lt;/strong&gt; Sobrino habla de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corbetas, f. courbettes, que fait le cheval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que asocia la versión con &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; a la de los caballos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de allí, vemos ya en &lt;strong&gt;1803&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Embarcación ligera de tres palos y vela quadra. &lt;em&gt;Liburnica celer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La asociación con la etimología de &lt;em&gt;liburnica celer&lt;/em&gt; aguanta hasta 1852. Hay después unas cuantas obras que no mencionan etimología alguna, hasta que en &lt;strong&gt;1884&lt;/strong&gt; la Academia Usual dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corbeta. (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;corbita&lt;/em&gt;, nave pesada; de &lt;em&gt;corbis&lt;/em&gt;, cesta.) f. Embarcación ligera de tres palos y vela cuadrada, semejante á la fragata, aunque más pequeña. Á veces tiene el palo mesana sin cofas ni vergas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así aguanta muchos años, última referencia en 1947. En 1950 no menciona etimología alguna y en &lt;strong&gt;1956&lt;/strong&gt; finalmente encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corbeta. (Del fr. &lt;em&gt;corvette&lt;/em&gt;) f. Embarcación ligera de tres palos y vela cuadrada, semejante á la fragata, aunque más pequeña&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T12:32:10.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19542" CreationDate="2017-01-31T15:20:25.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Partis pris&quot; es una voz francesa que significa &quot;sesgo&quot; o &quot;prejuicio&quot;. La traducción por supuesto se puede ampliar según el contexto a &quot;tomar partido por algo o alguien&quot; o &quot;predisposición por algo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/frances-espanol/traduccion/parti+pris.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunos ejemplos, cortesía de Linguee&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta voz ni es de uso fecuente en español ni es un término que se haya incorporado al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto quiero decir que nuestro idioma ha incorporado términos de otros idomas (hardware, software) que por supuesto se puede usar y prácticamente todo el mundo va a entender. Luego hay otros no oficialmente incorporados, pero que la gente entenderá en mayor o menor medida por cultura general (&lt;em&gt;please&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;thank you&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ciao&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;auf wiedersehen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;n'est ce pas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;c'est la vie&lt;/em&gt;...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Partis pris&lt;/code&gt; no parce estar en ninguno de estos dos grupos, por lo que deberías explicar la expresión si vas a utilizarla, ya que no es realista suponer que toda tu audiencia lo va a entender sin problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T15:38:11.530" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T15:38:11.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19548" CreationDate="2017-01-31T16:04:29.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De momento lo más parecido que se me ocurre es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6sm5cbG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrar algo con calzador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Ser dificultoso o estar forzado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión también se puede escribir como &quot;intentar meter algo con calzador&quot;, que sería intentar forzar algo en un sitio que no le corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de que respete exactamente el sentido original de la expresión inglesa, pero si no es así debe de andar cerca. La expresión española implica que, en un momento dado, la solución propuesta (metida con calzador) podría llegar a funcionar, pero no sin dificultad previa y habiendo otras opciones menos costosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T16:04:29.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19548" CreationDate="2017-01-31T16:43:30.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con el sentido de &quot;estar forzando la solución&quot; tenemos la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martillo_de_oro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Cuando la única herramienta que tienes es un martillo, todo problema comienza a parecerse a un clavo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;queriendo decir que aunque la solución no se adapte de igual manera se va a forzar su aplicación al problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el sentido de que el problema es muy difícil de resolver y que nada de lo que tenemos a la mano lo puede solucionar, hay varias frase coloquiales con similar significado:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Más difícil que matar un burro a pellizcos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como encontrar una aguja en un pajar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;buscarle tres patas al gato (este nunca me ha parecido lógico)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pedirle peras al olmo (esa solución es para otro problema)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y por ultimo con el sentido de una persona que se siente fuera de su ambiente tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como mosco en la sopa (o la leche)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como gallina en corral ajeno  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T16:52:43.770" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T16:52:43.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19552" CreationDate="2017-01-31T20:37:39.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo siguiente se aplica a México&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Qué bueno que viniste!&lt;/strong&gt; suena perfectamente natural para mi&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¡Qué bueno que hayas venido!&lt;/strong&gt; suena muy natural también.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¡Qué bueno que vinieras!&lt;/strong&gt; suena natural aunque es menos usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí no es tan común &lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, pero se usa (p. ej. &lt;strong&gt;¡Qué bien que viniste!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Estoy contento de que viniste!&lt;/strong&gt; ya no suena muy natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Estoy contento de que hayas venido!&lt;/strong&gt; es lo más utilizado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¡Estoy contento de que vinieras!&lt;/strong&gt; me parece natural aunque no estoy seguro de que lo usaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones se suele omitir la preposición &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*¡Estoy contento que hayas venido!&lt;/strong&gt; es también usada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T20:37:39.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T22:25:19.940" Score="3" ViewCount="29717" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos en México es de uso común que, después de haber comido, uno tenga la sensación de pesadez, sueño, ganas de no regresar a ninguna actividad (&lt;a href=&quot;http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/ciencia/2015/mal-puerco-101031.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;). Por lo general luego de haber comido más de la cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A este &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;, si se le puede llamar así, se le denomina &lt;strong&gt;Mal de puerco&lt;/strong&gt;, pero he estado investigando y no sé por qué ni cuándo se empezó a usar dicha frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que mi pregunta es esa misma, ¿cuándo y por qué se empezó a usar la frase &lt;strong&gt;Mal de puerco&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T10:11:42.350" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T12:38:56.393" Title="¿De dónde proviene la frase &quot;Mal de puerco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19341" CreationDate="2017-02-01T00:50:37.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien dice Diego, &quot;atrapar&quot; es un verbo en infinitivo y, como tal, tiene valor nominal y puede funcionar como sujeto. Ahora bien, en la oración en cuestión &quot;atrapar&quot; es el NÚCLEO de ese sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un análisis sintáctico más minucioso, es importante señalar que, por su origen verbal, ese núcleo recibirá complementos típicos del verbo. &quot;pelotas&quot; es objeto directo. En efecto, podemos decir: Atraparlas es divertido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mismo modo, a pesar de encontrarse dentro del sujeto, podemos agregarle un sinfín de complementos que pertenecen típicamente al predicado, en cuyo caso será más habitual posponer el sujeto, a fin de no desbalancear la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es divertido atrapar pelotas sin parar entre los árboles en un día de invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observemos que no sólo tenemos un objeto directo que &quot;modifica&quot; al núcleo &quot;atrapar&quot;, sino tres complementos circunstanciales, de modo, lugar y tiempo, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T16:22:40.500" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T16:22:40.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16842" CreationDate="2017-02-01T03:45:00.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde luego cuando nos llevamos un palo, algo sale de forma contraria a como esperábamos, pero hay que matizar esa definición del DRAE con &lt;strong&gt;es para mal&lt;/strong&gt;. No te &lt;em&gt;llevas un palo&lt;/em&gt; si pensabas suspender el examen de física y luego resulta que apruebas. Y desde luego entendemos que el &amp;quot;palo&amp;quot; es algo malo por la asociación con el dolor físico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya palo, he vuelto a suspender matemáticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mecánico me ha dado un &lt;em&gt;palo&lt;/em&gt; de 300 euros por arreglarme el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La evolución a &amp;quot;me da vergüenza&amp;quot; es por el sentido de &amp;quot;es una humillación tan grande que (casi) me causa dolor físico&amp;quot; aunque el dolor en este caso puede ser &amp;quot;emocional&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta esa chica, pero me da palo (vergüenza) pedirle salir. No quiero llevarme un palo (estar en una situación amarga, violenta, en evidencia) si me dice que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo compré porque el vendedor insistía tanto que me dio palo decirle que no. No quería que la gente pensase mal de mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La evolución a &amp;quot;me da pereza&amp;quot; llega por motivos similares. Tengamos en cuenta que son solo usamos la expresión &lt;em&gt;llevarse un palo&lt;/em&gt; sino que también usamos el término &lt;code&gt;paliza&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy cansadísimo. Me he dado una paliza a limpiar este finde: las ventanas, los baños... toda la casa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya paliza de libro. No hay quién se lo termine. Es muy aburrido!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RZ5d5F4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Serie de golpes dados con un palo o con cualquier otro medio o instrumento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Esfuerzo que produce agotamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, la asociación entre &amp;quot;dar palo&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;cansancio&amp;quot; está más clara. Es un uso como hiperbólico del estilo &amp;quot;me cansa tanto que me duele&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;me deja tan cansado como si me hubiesen &lt;em&gt;dado de palos&lt;/em&gt; (una paliza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis amigas querían que fuera de copas con ellas, pero es que &lt;strong&gt;me daba palo&lt;/strong&gt; tener que ducharme, maquillarme e ir hasta tan lejos con el frío que hace. Mejor me quedo en casa viendo una serie. Qué &lt;strong&gt;paliza&lt;/strong&gt; ser mujer y tener que estar siempre con el maquillaje!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T03:45:00.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T04:05:19.213" Score="3" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Muscle cars&quot; es un término que se usa para denominar a un cierto tipo de coche de tamaño medio, deportivo (incluso biplazas) y con potencia (fuerza, &lt;strong&gt;músculo&lt;/strong&gt;). Suelen tener también un aspecto agresivo o llamativo. Pese a eso, no suelen ser coches caros (un Mercedes o un Cadillac son bonitos, potentes, etc. pero no son considerados &lt;em&gt;muscle cars&lt;/em&gt; porque los precios no son tan asequibles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;muscle cars&lt;/em&gt; suelen ser coches norteamericanos como los &lt;em&gt;Mustang&lt;/em&gt;, el &lt;em&gt;Camaro&lt;/em&gt;, algunos modelos de &lt;em&gt;Dodge&lt;/em&gt;, etc. (eso podría explicar en parte la falta de un término en español para referirse a estos coches. En ciertos países estos coches no abundan ya que no se fabrican o no se importan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como una imagen vale más que mil palabras (o mil links) aquí va una foto que le hice el otro día a un calendario de &lt;em&gt;muscle cars&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XpAQA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XpAQAm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún término en español para este tipo de coches? Conocí a alguien que tenía por hobby arreglar este tipo de coches. El otro día quería explicárselo en español a alguien y no encontré ningún término para describirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T07:44:00.780" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T15:04:53.293" Title="Traducción en español para &quot;muscle cars&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19564" CreationDate="2017-02-01T10:54:30.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España no se usa un término específico para ese tipo de coches, aparte de, coloquialmente, &quot;esos monstruos americanos de los 60-70 que chupaban gasofa a lo bestia&quot; ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es verdad que se usa el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;super coche&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, directamente del inglés &lt;em&gt;supercar&lt;/em&gt;, pero que yo sepa no se refiere al objeto de tu pregunta, sino a coches como Ferrari, Lamborghini, Porsche, McLaren; coches que valen una millonada y que en poco se diferencian de coches de carreras.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Supongo que también habría que mencionar el término &quot;&lt;em&gt;gran turismo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, también un extranjerismo que yo sepa, pero yo no lo usaría para referirme a estos coches específicamente, ya que por mucho que el término pudiera englobarlos, no se usaría para referirse a ellos específicamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T10:55:59.890" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T10:55:59.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19564" CreationDate="2017-02-01T11:11:47.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Respuesta &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt;, siéntete libre de mejorarla. Siempre, eso sí, aportando argumentos válidos.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto es que va a ser complicado encontrar un término único que los describa con la misma precisión que el original, pero podemos intentar encontrar una expresión que lo haga en la menor cantidad de palabras posible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propuesta actual es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deportivo &lt;em&gt;vintage&lt;/em&gt; estadounidense asequible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4Tpk0J8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deportivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; haría referencia a la parte de &quot;muscle&quot;: coche con fuerza o con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IvZfWwx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garra&lt;/a&gt;, un coche &quot;dotado de una mecánica de altas prestaciones y diseñado para circular a alta velocidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vintage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; haría referencia a la parte de que son &quot;con cierta edad, que no pueden aún catalogarse como antigüedades, y que, como los buenos vinos, se considera que han mejorado o se han revalorizado con el paso del tiempo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;estadounidense&lt;/em&gt; sería simplemente por su procedencia. Aunque los coches fueran también comunes en el resto de América, las compañías que los fabricaban eran todas de Estados Unidos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;asequible&lt;/em&gt; es por evitar la gama alta de precios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha hablado de sustituir &lt;em&gt;vintage&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;retro&lt;/em&gt;, pero la Wikipedia nos advierte: &quot;Cuando nos referimos a retro, se trata de objetos que evocan al pasado, pero que no deben necesariamente pertenecer a él, ni siquiera haber sido diseñados en otros tiempos, simplemente emplean la estética de otra época tratando de apelar a nuestra nostalgia.&quot; Así pues, se podría emplear pero siempre teniendo en cuenta este criterio (por ejemplo, si el coche es moderno pero imitando la estética de los 60). Según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19564/traducci%C3%B3n-en-espa%C3%B1ol-para-muscle-cars/19566?noredirect=1#comment29384_19566&quot;&gt;comentario de walen&lt;/a&gt;, podríamos usar efectivamente &lt;em&gt;retro&lt;/em&gt; o directamente eliminar el término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respuestas anteriores que han ido siendo mejoradas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deportivo &lt;em&gt;vintage&lt;/em&gt; norteamericano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deportivo &lt;em&gt;vintage&lt;/em&gt; americano asequible (por ser conocido en toda América y por evitar la gama alta de precios).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:36:53.113" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-02T13:33:01.323" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19569" CreationDate="2017-02-01T11:20:34.760" Score="8" ViewCount="3337" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me pareció más natural la primera forma, pero leo habitualmente la segunda. Hoy veo en un periódico que alguien tiene el mismo problema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El VPH (según &lt;strong&gt;su sigla&lt;/strong&gt; en castellano que significa &lt;em&gt;virus del papiloma humano&lt;/em&gt;), pero más conocido como &lt;em&gt;hachepevé&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;strong&gt;sus siglas&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés HPV) es una familia de virus que [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta? ¿O son válidas las dos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T12:00:43.163" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T12:00:43.163" Title="¿&quot;Sigla&quot; o &quot;siglas&quot;? ¿Es correcto decir “Según su sigla” o “sus siglas”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19567" CreationDate="2017-02-01T11:53:53.073" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que son válidas las dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XqwEQdl&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sigla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. tardío sigla 'cifras, abreviaturas'.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Abreviación gráfica formada por el conjunto de letras iniciales de una expresión compleja; p. ej., ONU por Organización de las Naciones Unidas, ovni por objeto volador no identificado, IPC por índice de precios al consumo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. f. Cada una de las letras de una sigla (‖ abreviación formada por letras iniciales). P. ej., O, N y U son siglas en ONU.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. f. Cualquier signo que sirve para ahorrar letras o espacio en la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, cuando decimos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El VPH, según su &lt;strong&gt;sigla&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usamos la acepción 1ª, que querría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El VPH, según su abreviación gráfica...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que cuando decimos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El VPH, según sus &lt;strong&gt;siglas&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usamos la acepción 2ª, que podría extenderse a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El VPH, según la combinación de letras Virus de Papiloma Humano...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot;&gt;una entrada&lt;/a&gt; al respecto pero no entra en este tema, sino que incide en lo descrito por el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sigla. 1. Se llama sigla tanto a la palabra formada por las iniciales de los términos que integran una denominación compleja, como a cada una de esas letras iniciales. Las siglas se utilizan para referirse de forma abreviada a organismos, instituciones, empresas, objetos, sistemas, asociaciones, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, Google Ngram nos indica que &lt;em&gt;siglas&lt;/em&gt; se usa bastante más que &lt;em&gt;sigla&lt;/em&gt; (apretad en la imagen para ver el gráfico grande):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=sigla%2Csiglas&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Csigla%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csiglas%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dl7Rp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T11:59:34.603" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T11:59:34.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19560" CreationDate="2017-02-01T12:13:28.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veamos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sdpnoticias.com/columnas/2013/11/12/te-ha-dado-el-mal-del-puerco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición de &lt;em&gt;mal de puerco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mal del puerco es cuando sientes esa sensación de dormir exactamente después de comer, te sientes sin ganas de hacer nada y generalmente cabeceas. Te sientes imposibilitado para realizar o continuar con tus actividades, todo te da hueva… hasta pensar. Se te cierran los ojos, bostezos concurridos, irritabilidad y muchas ganas de “echarse un sueñito” por lo menos de 15 minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miremos también la imagen que lo acompaña:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TFMCc.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TFMCc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo parece indicar que con esta expresión se genera una mímesis entre las formas del cerdo y las de una persona tras engullir gran cantidad de comida. Todos visualizamos al puerco tumbado (o &lt;em&gt;repanchingado&lt;/em&gt;) en actitud de dejadez absoluta, digiriendo la comida y simplemente dejando el tiempo pasar hasta que el cuerpo se encuentre en condiciones para afrontar una tarea. Pues esa misma sensación puede atenazar el cuerpo de una persona después de una &lt;em&gt;comilona&lt;/em&gt;, con su consiguiente pesadez de estómago y somnolencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su origen, se me ocurre la hipótesis de que alguien hablara del &lt;em&gt;mal de cuerpo&lt;/em&gt; y otro, ingeniosamente, alterara el orden de las letras de &lt;em&gt;cuerpo&lt;/em&gt; para dar con &lt;em&gt;puerco&lt;/em&gt;. Una broma, en definitiva, para dar una imagen gráfica de un estado físico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado ninguna referencia &quot;culta&quot; al término. Esto es, no aparece ni en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; ni en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Por cierto, la búsqueda de estos conceptos me ha deparado un grato descubrimiento del habla coloquial de México: ¡&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%C3%ADnez_(subcultura_mexicana)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;godinez&lt;/a&gt;! &lt;em&gt;(...) Utilizado para referirse a los oficinistas que habitualmente trabajan de 9:00AM a 6:00PM&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T12:38:56.393" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T12:38:56.393" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19573" CreationDate="2017-02-01T15:38:48.243" Score="6" ViewCount="424" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de descubrir que la RAE tiene en su diccionario la palabra &lt;em&gt;puenting&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UZz0V6Q&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;puenting&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De puente y el ingl. -ing, sufijo de acción, por analogía con rafting, jogging, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Deporte de riesgo que consiste en tirarse al vacío desde un puente u otro lugar elevado, sujetándose con una cuerda elástica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabéis, esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W4oQHm.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W4oQHm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene gracia la palabra, pues parece que sea inglesa, pero realmente no. Allí utilizan &lt;em&gt;bungee jumping&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho, tal y como comenta el diccionario, surge de la contracción de una palabra española (&lt;em&gt;puente&lt;/em&gt;) con el sufijo inglés &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que la palabra no existe en inglés, no es un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HOauPO6&quot;&gt;extranjerismo&lt;/a&gt;, ni tampoco un préstamo lingüístico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué se trata pues? ¿Existe algún nombre para definir la palabra que suena a otro idioma pero que no es más que una mezcla de una local más un afijo que le da un toque extranjero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T22:13:11.993" Title="Ya que no es extranjerismo, ¿qué es &quot;puenting&quot; gramaticalmente como palabra con sonido inglés?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19564" CreationDate="2017-02-01T16:13:44.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Relacionado con mis comentarios a la respuesta de @CarlosAlejo, yo propondría &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;coupé&lt;/em&gt; V8 americano&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (o cupé, si queremos evitar el galicismo). Añadiendo &quot;clásico&quot; por en medio, si queremos diferenciar de los &lt;em&gt;muscle car&lt;/em&gt; modernos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La inmensa mayoría de &lt;em&gt;muscle cars&lt;/em&gt; eran de tipo dos puertas y con motor V8, son dos de los rasgos más característicos. Incluso hoy en día, los coches que se siguen vendiendo como &lt;em&gt;muscle car&lt;/em&gt; suelen seguir ese patrón también. Otros rasgos serían un gran cubicaje (motores de 5, 6, 7 litros) y muchos caballos (entre 200 y 500 CV), pero eso serían ya explicaciones adicionales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Además, fueron y son coches cuyo hábitat natural es América, siendo populares en el norte (México, USA) y, en menor medida, en el sur (Brasil, Argentina); resultando mucho más raro encontrarlos circulando en otros continentes como Europa o Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta el objetivo de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El otro día quería explicárselo en español a alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coupé&lt;/em&gt; es un término bastante conocido y debería servir para que la persona se haga una idea; V8 quizá no tanto, pero, si ese alguien no entiende aunque sea un mínimo sobre coches, será complicado igualmente explicárselo, aun existiendo un término específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T15:04:53.293" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T15:04:53.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19571" CreationDate="2017-02-01T16:14:59.233" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Puenting&quot; es un claro ejemplo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9stamo_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstico#Pr.C3.A9stamo_gramatical&quot;&gt;préstamo gramatical&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar de adoptarse la palabra inglesa en su totalidad (en cuyo caso se trataría de un préstamo liso y llano), se toma el morfema &quot;-ing&quot; que sirve para la formación del gerundio en inglés y es utilizado en esa lengua para designar la actividad correspondiente al verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincido en que es un modo muy novedoso de construcción morfológica que permite replicar términos similares propios del inglés. Seguramente en este caso ha primado, por encima de la decisión de adoptar un préstamo completo, la conveniencia de dotar a la palabra de un sufijo que dé a entender que se trata de una actividad deportiva pero conservando la raíz española (puente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T22:13:11.993" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T22:13:11.993" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19301" CreationDate="2017-02-01T22:10:56.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading this Wikipedia entry for &quot;órale,&quot; I am concluding that the &quot;le&quot; in &quot;hágale pues&quot; is in fact a grammatical expletive and not an indirect object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Describing &quot;órale&quot; here's what the Wikipedia entry says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The word’s origin is a shortening of “ahora”, meaning “now”, with the&#xA;  added suffix “-le”, which is a grammatical expletive – a word part&#xA;  that occupies a position without adding to the sense,[1] i.e. “ándale”&#xA;  and “épale”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a separate Wikipedia entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A syntactic expletive is a word that performs a&#xA;  syntactic role but contributes nothing to meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T22:10:56.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T22:58:49.190" Score="0" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vivo en una casa en _______. Mi casa tiene alrededor de ocho cuarto. Mi cuarto favorito es el estudio y el comedor. El comedor tiene los mejores altavoces para la música. Me gustan tomar café en el porche. Mi casa tiene cuatro dormitories.  También tiene un comedor, una sala de estar, una sala de mañana y un estudio. Los vecinos son amables y el barrio es tranquilo. En el cuarto de la mañana hay un sofá. A la izquierda del sofá hay una mesita. Mi familia ve tv en esta cuarto. En la tarde me acuesto en mi dormitorio. Mi dormitorio tiene una cama, un armario, un escritorio y television. Estudio en mi dormitorio y ver la televisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14852" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T03:15:14.230" Title="Could someone check to see if this is grammatically correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T03:22:21.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18935" CreationDate="2017-02-02T01:34:10.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dudo que exista un nombre específico para designar ese juego, pero -- genéricamente hablando -- se trata de un juego de palabras que inclusive se aproximaría a un trabalenguas por la tendencia normal del hablante a utilizar las vocales que corresponden y no las que se ve forzado a usar (allí radica, justamente, la dificultad del juego).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El juego se basa en la ALITERACIÓN VOCÁLICA artificial o forzada, en contraste con la ALITERACIÓN VOCÁLICA como recurso o figura literaria, propia de palabras correctamente dichas como: Amaba la mar salada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A propósito, deseo compartir un recuerdo de mi infancia, cuando era muy común ese juego que consistía en convertir palabras con diversas vocales en palabras monovocálicas. Entonces entonábamos una canción que decía: La mar estaba serena, serena estaba la mar, la mar estaba serena, serena estaba la mar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con A: La mar astaba sarana, sarana astaba la mar, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así sucesivamente. De más está decir que la &quot;U&quot; era la vocal que, por su realización fonética, más divertida y complicada resultaba: Lu mur ustubu surunu, surunu ustubu lu mur, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T01:34:10.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19575" CreationDate="2017-02-02T03:04:52.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivo en una casa en _______.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi casa tiene alrededor de ocho cuarto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. &quot;cuarto&quot; (or &quot;habitación&quot; in Spanish from Spain) must be plural: &quot;cuartos&quot; (or &quot;habitaciones&quot;). &quot;Mi casa tiene alrededor de ocho cuartos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi cuarto favorito es el estudio y el comedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. You have 2 favourite rooms, thus the verb, as well as &quot;mi cuarto&quot;, must be in plural form: &quot;mis cuartos favoritos&quot; and &quot;son&quot;. &quot;Mis cuartos favoritos son el estudio y el comedor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El comedor tiene los mejores altavoces para la música.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustan tomar café en el porche. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. &quot;Me gusta&quot; instead of &quot;Me gustan&quot;. You can always check by substituing by a pronoun, which would be: &quot;Me gusta esto&quot;. Being &quot;esto&quot; a singular pronoun, the verb form must be also singular, thus &quot;Me gusta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are times you may use &quot;Me gustan&quot;. Example: &quot;Me gustan las manzanas&quot;. In this cases, you would make the pronoun substitution as &quot;Me gustan ellas&quot;. &#xA;Being &quot;ellas&quot; a plural pronoun (refering to several objects), the verb form is plural too (&quot;gustan&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi casa tiene cuatro dormitories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. &quot;Dormitories&quot; is English. In Spanish it's &quot;dormitorios&quot; (see the 'o' instead of 'e').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También tiene un comedor, una sala de estar, una sala de mañana y un&#xA;  estudio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct, I guess. I am from Spain and I don't use &quot;sala de mañana&quot;. I guess it may be used in other countries, like Mexico or some latinamerican Spanish-speaking countries. Besides that, the rest of this sentence is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los vecinos son amables y el barrio es tranquilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el cuarto de la mañana hay un sofá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct, besides the same doubt than before about &quot;cuarto de la mañana&quot; denomination for a room. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la izquierda del sofá hay una mesita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi familia ve tv en esta cuarto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect, 2 errors. In Spanish we say &quot;ve la TV&quot;. And &quot;cuarto&quot; is a masculine word, and that needs &quot;este&quot; (masculine) adjective instead of &quot;esta&quot; (for feminine words). The correct sentence would be &quot;Mi familia ve la tv en este cuarto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la tarde me acuesto en mi dormitorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. In Spanish we translate &quot;In the afternoon&quot; to &quot;Por la tarde&quot;. The most close translation back to English of the Spanish form would be &quot;During the afternoon&quot;, if that helps you. This also applies to &quot;por la mañana&quot; (&quot;in the morning&quot;), and &quot;por la noche&quot; (&quot;at night&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi dormitorio tiene una cama, un armario, un escritorio y television.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct. Though it would be clear to use &quot;y un televisor&quot;, instead of &quot;y televisión&quot;. &quot;Televisión&quot; is the service you enjoy. &quot;Televisor&quot; is the object. You watch &quot;televisión&quot; using the object &quot;televisor&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Televisión&quot; is uncountable, thus not needing &quot;un&quot;. You have &quot;televisión&quot; or you don't have it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Televisor&quot; is countable, as any object. If you change the sentence to use &quot;televisor&quot;, then you should add &quot;un&quot; (number of items). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct: &quot;Mi dormitorio tiene una cama, un armario, un escritorio y televisión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct and easier to get: &quot;Mi dormitorio tiene una cama, un armario, un escritorio y un televisor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: &quot;televisión&quot;, not &quot;television&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estudio en mi dormitorio y ver la televisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncorrect. &quot;Ver&quot; is infinitive form. The first person present form is &quot;veo&quot;.&#xA;The correct sentence would be &quot;Estudio en mi dormitorio y veo la televisión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1527" LastEditorUserId="1527" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T03:15:14.230" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T03:15:14.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19579" CreationDate="2017-02-02T03:08:47.283" Score="3" ViewCount="18182" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo una de mis webs de cine favoritas, me encontré con una noticia que involucraba a Nicole Kidman. Leyendo los comentarios, que a veces son graciosísimos, me encontré con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PsT8M.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PsT8M.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué buena estaba ahí Nicole Kidman y qué enfermedad mental hay que tener para ponerse el &lt;strong&gt;gepeto&lt;/strong&gt; de plástico como lo tiene ahora...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El comentario hace referencia a la actriz pasando por el quirófano y dejándose la cara peor de lo que estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la cara a veces se la denomina &lt;code&gt;jeta&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hocico&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;morro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;careto&lt;/code&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;careta&lt;/em&gt;, supongo), etc. Si no recuerdo mal &amp;quot;Gepetto&amp;quot; era el padre de Pinocho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usa &amp;quot;gepeto&amp;quot; para referirse a la cara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T12:17:59.180" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;gepeto&quot; para referirse a la cara?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19578" CreationDate="2017-02-02T07:17:53.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que es una forma propia de España, más famosa hace unos diez años y relacionada con un programa de televisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado un par de referencias. Una de ellas es en ForoCoches en el hilo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forocoches.com/foro/showthread.php?t=2023127#post73885411&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;no me vuelvas a mirar al gepeto&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gepeto, dícese de expresión que usó hace unos años una petarda de Gran hermano para referirse al &amp;quot;jeto&amp;quot; (oséase, cara) que se ha extendido entre las clases más analfabetas de la sociedad al igual que expresiones como &amp;quot;asín&amp;quot; &amp;quot;trasgibersar&amp;quot; &amp;quot;darse una idea&amp;quot; etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro tercia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de gepeto se usaba mucho hace cosa de 9-10 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay referencias en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/37046-gepeto-jepeto-gepetto-jepetto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuBabel&lt;/a&gt;, donde está etiquetada como propia de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del original &amp;quot;jeta&amp;quot;, cara, por modificación de gérero se derivó en &amp;quot;jeto&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Se ríe en mi gepeto&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por alguna extraña modificación o cruce por homofonía o homografía &amp;quot;jeto&amp;quot; se hizo sinónimo de Gepetto, el padre de Pinocho.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Suena raro, pero es la única explicación que le veo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el hilo de ForoCoches data de 2011, restándole los 9-10 años saltamos a 2001, que es la época en la que empezó a emitirse con gran éxito &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Hermano_(Espa%C3%B1a)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gran Hermano en España&lt;/a&gt;. Por tanto, todo aquello que se dijera allí por parte de sus concursantes tenía mucho eco en las conversaciones de la gente y considero normal que un deje de alguno de ellos calara en la cultura popular. Dicho lo cual, yo nunca he oído &lt;em&gt;gepeto&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Para aquellos que no lo conozcan, ForoCoches es un foro muy utilizado en España por la cultura popular. En él se habla con profusión de conceptos como el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19090/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuñadismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17854/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chavismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T07:41:45.363" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19581" CreationDate="2017-02-02T09:19:54.840" Score="4" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &quot;El último adiós desde Granada&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues no lo sé. En realidad, esas famosas estatuas, en mi opinión, tienen poco valor artístico. Puede usted ver lo toscas que son, en comparación con la arquitectura de la Alhambra. Son algo &lt;strong&gt;curioso&lt;/strong&gt;, y casi &lt;strong&gt;único&lt;/strong&gt; en el mundo. Creo que ningún comerciante de arte se atrevería a comprar eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't see anything even further back that these adjectives could modify besides estatuas. Is this an error, acceptable because of the main verb ser, or another grammar rule like &quot;Ellos la quitan la chaqueta&quot; where the singular comes from the fact that each person takes of one coat?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T12:18:35.610" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T12:18:35.610" Title="Why are &quot;curioso&quot; and &quot;único&quot; masculine and singular in this exerpt?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19580" CreationDate="2017-02-02T09:51:31.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What they modify is &quot;algo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1nUry2t&quot;&gt;algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;alĭquod&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. indef. n. Designa una realidad indeterminada cuya identidad no se conoce o no se especifica. &lt;em&gt;¿Hay algo para mí? Ha hecho algo que no le perdono.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Algo&quot; is a neuter indefinite pronoun (meaning &quot;something&quot;), so anything that modifies it must be in the same neuter gender (that happens to be the same as the masculine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the sentences you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son algo curioso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Son algo único en el mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you do know what &quot;indetermined reality&quot; the pronoun is referring to. You use &quot;algo&quot; just because you do not want to use the same word &quot;estatua&quot; over and over the text. So, to add more variety, you say &quot;son algo único&quot; instead of &quot;son estatuas únicas&quot; because you just used &quot;estatuas&quot; in a former sentence. Or it may be that by using &quot;algo&quot; the writer is trying to point out that they are something unique not only in the statues' world, but in a more general sense (being something famous despite having little value).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T09:51:31.630" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19582" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19583" CreationDate="2017-02-02T10:36:19.877" Score="5" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta de hoy viene acompañada de una tira del gradioso blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xkcd.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XKCD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K0do8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K0do8.png&quot; alt=&quot;Bobby tables&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://xkcd.com/327/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la última viñeta se habla del concepto &quot;to sanitize&quot; aplicado en este caso a las consultas contra bases de datos, para evitar cosas como el &lt;em&gt;exploit&lt;/em&gt; que hace la madre. Según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sanitize&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;sanitize&quot; en este caso significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To make more acceptable by removing unpleasant or undesired features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un compañero mío (sí, el mismo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19505/12637&quot;&gt;la otra vez&lt;/a&gt;) acaba de decirme que si estaba usando un &lt;em&gt;framework&lt;/em&gt; de acceso a base de datos que me permitiera &lt;em&gt;sanitizar&lt;/em&gt; las consultas. Así que pregunta al canto: ¿cuál sería el mejor verbo en español que podría ser usado para traducir esa última frase de la viñeta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opciones contempladas que no nos convencen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desinfectar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Purgar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Limpiar?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T15:49:36.320" Title="¿Cómo se podría traducir &quot;sanitize&quot; aplicado al ámbito informático?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19582" CreationDate="2017-02-02T11:30:01.247" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la palabra usada en el mundo de la informática es &lt;em&gt;sanear&lt;/em&gt; y su sustantivo &lt;em&gt;saneamiento&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCL17Zm&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sanear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De sano y -ear.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Afianzar o asegurar la reparación o satisfacción del daño que puede sobrevenir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Reparar o remediar algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Dar condiciones de salubridad a un terreno, a un edificio, etc., o preservarlos de la humedad y vías de agua.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. tr. Liberar de dificultades económicas una empresa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. tr. Der. Indemnizar al comprador por la evicción o por el vicio oculto de la cosa vendida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí yo me quedo con la acepción 3, en cuanto a preparar una consulta (una &quot;query&quot;) para que los datos de los usuarios no provoquen desastres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCKnqJV&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saneamiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Acción y efecto de sanear.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Conjunto de técnicas y sistemas destinados a mejorar las condiciones higiénicas de un edificio, una comunidad o una ciudad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Sistema de evacuación y tratamiento de los residuos urbanos e industriales de una ciudad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Conjunto de acciones para mejorar y corregir una situación económica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el lenguaje php, muy susceptible a este tipo de &quot;bromas pesadas&quot;, tiene una sección de su documentación llamada &lt;a href=&quot;http://php.net/manual/es/filter.filters.sanitize.php&quot;&gt;Filtros de saneamiento&lt;/a&gt; (en inglés, &lt;a href=&quot;http://php.net/manual/en/filter.filters.sanitize.php&quot;&gt;Sanitize filters&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para seguir con los argumentos cuantitativos &quot;de uso&quot;, la página XKCD de donde sacaste el chiste tiene una versión en castellano en la que &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.xkcd.com/strips/exploits-de-una-madre/&quot;&gt;este chiste&lt;/a&gt; se tradujo con &lt;em&gt;sanear&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.xkcd.com/strips/exploits-de-una-madre/&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dnLc0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T11:30:01.247" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19586" CreationDate="2017-02-02T12:20:07.513" Score="6" ViewCount="2141" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say the time in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact time&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:31 - It is twenty-nine to six p.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;05:31 - It is twenty-nine to six a.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;01:05 - It is five past one a.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:25 - It is twenty-five past midnight.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special cases&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:00 - It is five o'clock p.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:15 - It is quarter past five p.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:30 - It is half past five p.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:45 - It is quarter to six p.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:00 - It is midnight.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;12:00 - It is noon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What I think&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in Spanish the pattern is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La(s) [hour] y / menus   [minutes] de la mañana / tarde&#xA;      [hour] +    -      [minutes]          am      pm&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &quot;La&quot; is only used for &quot;una&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact time&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:31 - Las seis menos veintinueve de la tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;05:31 - Las seis menos veintinueve de la mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;01:05 - La una y cinco de la mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:25 - Son las veinticinco de la medianoche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special cases&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:00 - La cinco punto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:15 - Las cinco y quince de la tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:30 - Las cinco y treinte de la tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:45 - Las seis menos quince de la tarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:00 - Es medianoche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;12:00 - Es medio día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14855" LastEditorUserId="14855" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T10:01:45.020" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T10:01:45.020" Title="How do I say the time in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19584" CreationDate="2017-02-02T12:47:19.233" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some things about this before the exact translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general you are overcomplicating it. In most cases you don't need to specify &quot;&lt;em&gt;de la tarde&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;de la mañana&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (note that i used &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;), the person you are speaking to already knows if it's evening or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's correct, but in an ordinary conversation it'd be really strange to repeat this all the time. You could use it maybe with someone in another time zone or someone who have recently waken up, things like that, but not as a common way of speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to give the exact time, I'd recommend to not use the &quot;&lt;em&gt;menos X&lt;/em&gt;&quot; form. That's for colloquial speaking, but if you really need exact time use the actual numbers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, regarding the &quot;&lt;em&gt;menos X&lt;/em&gt;&quot; form, one commonly use it only from X:35 and not in an exact manner. It's super strange to say &quot;&lt;em&gt;las cinco menos &lt;strong&gt;veintinueve&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you'd usually say &quot;&lt;em&gt;las cinco y media&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and no more... it isn't exact, you only use it in circa five minutes ranges and even without saying the hour, f.i. &quot;&lt;em&gt;son las menos diez&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;son las menos veinte&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;son las menos cuarto&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, being an exception &quot;&lt;em&gt;son las menos veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;&quot; when it is X:35.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I understand you speak or are studying Deutsche possibly? It seems that you are mistaking some words like &quot;seize&quot; that I think it is Deutsche, vs. &quot;seis&quot; in Spanish (by the way... 17:00 hours is not six but five :D).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking in mind all this, I have &quot;bolded&quot; the errors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact time&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:31 - &lt;strong&gt;Las cinco y treinta y uno&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;05:31 - &lt;strong&gt;Las cinco y treinta y uno&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;01:05 - La una y cinco (note this is the only case where the article is singular).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:25 - &lt;strong&gt;Las doce y veinticinco&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special cases &lt;strong&gt;and most commonly used in conversations&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:00 - La&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; cinco &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; punto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:15 - Las cinco &lt;strong&gt;y cuarto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:30 - Las cinco &lt;strong&gt;y media&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17:45 - Las seis men&lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt;s &lt;strong&gt;cuarto&lt;/strong&gt; (note: men&lt;strong&gt;O&lt;/strong&gt;s, not men&lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt;s).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;00:00 - Es medianoche (here you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Las doce en punto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;12:00 - Es mediodía (here you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Las doce en punto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T14:49:58.077" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T14:49:58.077" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18442" CreationDate="2017-02-02T13:00:15.223" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que la interpretación negativa de &quot;En la vida&quot; (uso mayúscula porque cuanto tiene sentido negativo siempre se utiliza al inicio de la oración) siempre existió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, más que preguntar cuándo la frase adquirió sentido negativo -- y suponiendo que mi teoría sea verdadera, como espero poder demostrar más abajo -- sería interesante explicar cuándo la frase tiene sentido negativo de modo que los hablantes nativos y sobre todo los estudiantes de la lengua entiendan cómo funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que &quot;En la vida&quot; (y muy a menudo la misma frase pero con el posesivo correspondiente al sujeto: En mi vida, En tu vida, En su vida) siempre ha tenido sentido negativo y ha convivido con la misma frase en negativo (si es que ésta es posible) cuando se cumplen ciertas condiciones, a saber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como ya dije, debe tener posición inicial. De lo contrario, para conferir sentido negativo será necesario el &quot;no&quot;: No lo voy a obedecer en mi vida. (Pero: En mi vida lo voy a obedecer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso de un pasado que denote una experiencia de toda la vida, o uso de un futuro, subjuntivo o potencial para indicar la no realización de la acción:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PASADO: En mi vida sentí ese odio. (Para quienes hablen inglés, se utilizaría el &quot;present perfect&quot; típico de las experiencias de vida: Never in my life/Never before &lt;strong&gt;have I experienced&lt;/strong&gt; that/such a feeling of hatred.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FUTURO: En su vida se casará con él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SUBJUNTIVO: En la vida quisiera pasar por esa experiencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;POTENCIAL: En tu vida rechazarías esa oferta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso de un artículo o adjetivo/pronombre indefinido (un, algún, alguien, etc.)  que complete su sentido negativo con el uso de la frase en cuestión y/o de una palabra de índole comparativa que permita oponer dos realidades:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En la vida vi &lt;strong&gt;algo así.&lt;/strong&gt; (Nunca vi nada como lo que veo ahora.) PERO: En la vida no tuve un solo respiro. (&quot;solo&quot; impide prescindir de &quot;no&quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En su vida vio &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; dinero junto. (Es la primera vez que vio tanto dinero junto; antes, nunca había visto tanto.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ausencia de otros circunstanciales de tiempo: En la vida vi eso (negativo) PERO En la vida vi eso en tres oportunidades (afirmativo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que ninguna de las oraciones de mis ejemplos precedentes resiste el uso expreso del negativo. El &quot;no&quot; sólo aparecerá cuando &quot;en la/mi/tu/su vida&quot; aparezca al final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto de los ejemplos de la pregunta: &quot;... en la vida no pude ni tú me dexaste (en español actual: dejaste) &quot; y &quot;en la vida no podimos (en español actual: pudimos&quot;), el &quot;no&quot; puede omitirse sólo en el segundo caso, pues en el primero hay coordinación con &quot;ni&quot;. Creo que sólo el pasado -- en especial cuando no está acompañado por los otros elementos que mencioné -- permite el verbo en afirmativo o negativo con la frase inicial (con sentido negativo) &quot;En la vida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T13:19:09.807" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:19:09.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-02T13:22:15.843" Score="1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am visiting Buenos Aires for the first time to meet my in-law and got her a present, would like to write something on the card. just need help on the Spanish though! I know Argentinian Spanish or Rioplatense can be different (or perhaps not that much?), so here goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I got you a rosary made of fresh pearls from the Philippines and a bracelet made of different gemstones to protect you from evil and reduce stress and tension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te compré  (or te tengo) un rosario de perlas desde las Filipinas y un pulsera (should i use this word or is there another term) para protegerlo del mal y reducir estrés y tensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have my pre-translation, but some words i'm not sure of which is more appropriate to use in terms of &quot;bracelet&quot; and &quot;gemstones&quot;, couldn't think of a good term for it. I speak Spanish-creole which is like only 60% Spanish so ooopsss.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, any opinions on giving your mother in law a rosary? Is that weird?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you everyone!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14856" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T15:31:55.363" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T21:25:34.017" Title="How to say &quot;I got you a rosary made of fresh pearls&quot; to an Argentinian mother in-law?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19588" CreationDate="2017-02-02T15:09:29.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As suggested in the comments, go with what you have for your card since we think it would be better received, however since this is a &quot;correct Spanish&quot; site let me re-write your sentences in the correct way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te/Le&lt;/em&gt; compré (te/le tengo) un rosario de perlas de las Filipinas y una pulsera para proteger&lt;em&gt;te/la&lt;/em&gt; del mal y reducir&lt;em&gt;te/le&lt;/em&gt; el estrés y la tensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &lt;strong&gt;protegerla&lt;/strong&gt; should be feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also changed reducir by reducirle and added the articles to &lt;em&gt;estrés&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tensión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;strong&gt;una pulsera&lt;/strong&gt; is fine and either &lt;strong&gt;te compré&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;te tengo&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;te traje&lt;/strong&gt; are also ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have in mind that &lt;strong&gt;te compré&lt;/strong&gt; is used when you are more familiar or close to the person (or you are foreigner and don't know) but when you are not that close to people or you want to show some respect you should go with &lt;strong&gt;le compré&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the bracelet you could say it is a &quot;pulsera (hecha) de diferentes piedras/gemas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Giving her a rosary is ok especially if she is catholic (being Argentinian it is very likely she is). It would not be apropiarte if she would practice some other religion like for instance if she is muslim, but I guess you already know that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T14:35:40.073" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T14:35:40.073" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19592" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19593" CreationDate="2017-02-02T19:04:09.707" Score="5" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;Dog Lover&quot;, as in &quot;Person who likes dogs, and may be looking to adopt a dog&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like &quot;Fanático&quot; is wrong, and &quot;persona a quien le caen bien los perros&quot; is too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amante&quot; is right out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9122" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:10:35.997" LastActivityDate="2021-02-12T10:15:16.093" Title="How would you say &quot;Dog Lover&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19592" CreationDate="2017-02-02T19:19:34.333" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We do say &quot;amante de los perros,&quot; but please note that &quot;amante&quot; will be an adjective, not a noun, there (no article allowed), being thus similar to &quot;fond of.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, a highly likely sentence will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;amante&lt;/strong&gt; de los perros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also use a verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ama / Adora&lt;/strong&gt; a los perros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T08:50:42.360" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T08:50:42.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-02T20:06:49.360" Score="3" ViewCount="5960" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy hablando con un amigo que está en Canadá y dice que se le olvidó el español, pero parece que yo tampoco estoy seguro de cuál es la forma correcta o por qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna regla para cuándo se usa el plural o el singular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí pareciera claro que se debería usar el plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que necesito &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; unos millones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si inviertes, esto parece ser correcto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unos millones &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; lo que necesito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y entonces ahora pienso que esto no suena &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que necesito &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; unos millones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6976" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T08:59:01.220" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T22:23:05.027" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;es&quot; o &quot;son&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-02-04T23:16:58.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19596" CreationDate="2017-02-02T20:58:43.503" Score="4" ViewCount="1850" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día buscando la palabra &lt;strong&gt;Reservación&lt;/strong&gt; llegué a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W9D126w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; y di con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;reservación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de reservar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Am. Reserva de habitaciones, de localidades para un espectáculo, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que puedo entender aquí la palabra Reservación solo se usa en América, mi pregunta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué palabra se usa para sustituirla en España? Ya que estuve pensando un rato y no encuentro un &lt;em&gt;Sinónimo&lt;/em&gt; que haga referencia a reservar una habitación o un boleto de avión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T08:51:38.577" Title="¿Qué palabra se usa en España en vez de &quot;Reservación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19595" CreationDate="2017-02-02T21:57:23.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;reservación&lt;/em&gt; sí se usa, de vez en cuando, con el significado do &lt;em&gt;acción y efecto de reservar&lt;/em&gt; (si no se indica al contrario, se supone que cualquier acepción es panhispánica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el sentido de lo que tienes tras hablar con un hotel, etcétera, en España la palabra normal es simplemente &lt;strong&gt;reserva&lt;/strong&gt;.  Por ejemplo, primero haces una reserva y luego pagas esa reserva.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero has mencionado también un &lt;em&gt;boleto&lt;/em&gt; de avión.  En este caso, se puede referir tanto a la &lt;em&gt;reserva&lt;/em&gt; como al &lt;em&gt;billete&lt;/em&gt; en la mayoría de los casos.  El billete teóricamente es la parte física, no obstante, mucha gente «pillé un billete muy barato para ir a Australia» sin tenerlo en mano.  Si vas a la mayoría de los sitios web de las líneas aéreas, se habla de gestionar la reserva, o modificarla, etc.   No obstante, son suficientemente intercambiables que para acciones como comprar, o cancelar, pues, encontrarás las dos palabras casi sin distinción (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iberia.com/es/gestion-de-reservas/&quot;&gt;Iberia dice&lt;/a&gt; comprar billetes pero cancelar reservas en la misma frase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T21:57:23.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19588" CreationDate="2017-02-03T02:29:23.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me add to DGaleano's answer and pablodf76's comment that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should be (te compré...) &quot;proteger&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Or, if you go by &quot;usted&quot;, then &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; compré&quot; and &quot;proteger&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appart from &quot;te compré&quot; and &quot;te traje&quot;, you might also use &quot;te conseguí&quot; (which is closer to &quot;got you&quot;, but with the nuance that either you did not buy it or it required some effort to get).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T08:20:09.200" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T08:20:09.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-03T04:02:59.703" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te han dado buenos consejos tus padres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use an affirmative answer such as &quot;Los me han dado&quot;, but I don't know whether or not to treat &quot;buenos consejos&quot; as singular, despite its plurality here, and go with &quot;Lo me han dado&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T08:22:29.533" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T22:15:53.797" Title="Can I treat the expression &quot;buenos consejos&quot; as being singular?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19612" CreationDate="2017-02-03T10:07:29.190" Score="4" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19582/12637&quot;&gt;la pregunta de ayer&lt;/a&gt; sobre cómo traducir &quot;sanitize&quot;, se presentó una tira cómica titulada &quot;Exploits of a mom&quot;. Esa tira cómica tiene una traducción al español que se tituló &quot;Exploits de una madre&quot;. Lo que me hace pensar que la palabra &quot;exploit&quot; aplicada en el ámbito de la seguridad informática no tiene traducción o adaptación actualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/exploit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según el Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;exploit&quot; como sustantivo significa &quot;hazaña, acto heroico&quot; (no me lo esperaba, la verdad), y como verbo significa &quot;hacer uso productivo de algo&quot; (como en &quot;explotar los recursos naturales&quot;) o bien &quot;hacer un uso injusto de algo para tu propio beneficio&quot; (como en &quot;explotar a los trabajadores&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &quot;exploit&quot; como sustantivo aplicada a la seguridad informática tendría más que ver con esta última acepción del original como verbo, ya que un &quot;exploit&quot; es, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, un fragmento de código que aprovecha una vulnerabilidad de un sistema para obligarlo a comportarse de forma no deseada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto que la propia Wikipedia en español tiene una entrada para &quot;exploit&quot;, se me hace complicado pensar que pueda haber una traducción, pero aún así lanzo la pregunta: ¿cuál podría ser una buena traducción para &quot;exploit&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T01:08:25.433" Title="¿Existe una traducción de &quot;exploit&quot; al español en el ámbito de la seguridad informática?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-03T16:48:38.483" Score="2" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice al recomendar algo a alguien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ses&lt;/strong&gt; lo recomiendo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; los recomiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he tenido esa duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14873" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-04T19:59:57.283" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T19:59:57.283" Title="¿Se usa &quot;ses&quot; o &quot;se&quot; al referirse a más de una persona?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19602" CreationDate="2017-02-03T17:26:14.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se lo recomiendo&quot; si tú recomiendas algo al alguien, por ejemplo tú recomiendas un servicio a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se los recomiendo&quot; si tu recomiendas algo(plural) a alguien, por ejemplo tú recomiendas los productos de x marca a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; sustituye al servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &quot;Los&quot; sustituye a &quot;Los productos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me has puesto a pensar, porque sí yo recomendara un solo objeto a varias personas, por ejemplo un restaurante a dos amigos, diría;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se los recomiendo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no estoy seguro sí es correcto, ojalá que alguien pueda aportar más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="13218" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T17:31:36.533" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T17:31:36.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="567" CreationDate="2017-02-03T17:57:53.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with other commenters that &quot;disculpa&quot; and &quot;perdona&quot; would work best for the situation. &quot;Señor&quot;, &quot;caballero&quot;, &quot;hombre&quot; and &quot;tío&quot; are often used in friendly, informal communication in the meaning of &quot;man&quot;, &quot;dude&quot;, &quot;bro&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the formal communication &quot;señor&quot; is used with the surname. Bank employee addressing a client: &quot;Buenos dias señor Sanchez, su tarjeta por favor?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there's an experession &quot;¡Sí señor!&quot;. Means just &quot;Ohh, yeah!!!&quot;, no actual señores involved. Used when you've just managed to accomplish something pretty difficult. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14874" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T17:57:53.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18636" CreationDate="2017-02-03T18:03:13.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto se puede decir en un principio se usaba vos para singular y plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basta con darle un vistazo al francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vous allez manger? (Va a comer? Ésta forma es algo formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vous allez manger? (Van a comer? Ésta forma es la común para ustedes/vosotros)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces vosotros era en un principio dos palabras &amp;quot;vos otros&amp;quot; que viene de &amp;quot;vos alteros&amp;quot; en latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma explicación se puede aplicar para nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí puedes encontrar un poco de la etimología de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?vosotros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vosotros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T19:27:40.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19602" CreationDate="2017-02-03T19:23:59.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a ambos, es correcto lo que dice Maurocrispin en cuanto a que &quot;se&quot; funciona como objeto indirecto tanto singular como plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lo recomiendo (a él, a usted, a ellos, a ustedes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe una tendencia INCORRECTA a pluralizar el objeto directo pronominal LO o LA para indicar pluralidad en el objeto indirecto. La tendencia sin duda proviene de la necesidad del hablante de remarcar que se está dirigiendo a más de una persona. No obstante, el uso de &quot;los&quot; o &quot;las&quot; es incorrecto cuando el objeto directo (lo recomendado, en este caso) es singular y la persona que recibe la recomendación, plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos dejar en claro que nos dirigimos a más de una persona, no habrá otra opción que duplicar el objeto indirecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lo recomiendo a ustedes. (ej. un libro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se la recomiendo a ellas. (ej. una revista)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T19:23:59.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19588" CreationDate="2017-02-03T21:25:34.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Argentina,  proper translation into &quot;Argentinian Spanish&quot; would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te traje un rosario hecho de perlas desde Filipinas,  y una pulsera hecha de diferentes gemas para protegerte del mal y reducir el estrés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't use the word tension for stressful situation,  but if you want to add it anyways, you should write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;situaciones tensas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12792" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T21:25:34.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19594" CreationDate="2017-02-03T22:23:05.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lo que&lt;/code&gt; es el sujeto, no &quot;unos milliones&quot;.  Y por eso se usa &quot;es&quot; en vez de &quot;son&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T22:23:05.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19610" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19611" CreationDate="2017-02-04T06:06:07.283" Score="2" ViewCount="2385" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay un equivalente español para la taquigrafía de texto inglés conocida como &quot;HTH?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of you may know that HTH is text shorthand for &quot;Hope That Helps&quot; or &quot;Happy To Help.&quot;  I have often used it to close a post, but now that my Spanish is getting a bit better, I find myself writing more and more in Spanish and would like to wrap things up with a short, quick equivalent of HTH.  Does Spanish have one?  By the way, I have looked at a few rather comprehensive pages on the topic of text shorthand (and learned a lot in the process), but thus far, have not seen anything that addresses this.  Thanks in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos de ustedes pueden saber que &quot;HTH&quot; es la taquigrafía de texto inglés para &quot;Hope That Helps&quot; (Espero Que Eso Ayude) o &quot;Happy To Help&quot; (Feliz De Ayudar).  La he usado muchas veces para cerrar un post, pero ahora que mi español está volviéndose un poquitín mejor, me encuentro escribiendo más y más en español, y quisiera envolver mis comentarios con un equivalente, breve y rápido, de HTH.  ¿Hay uno en español?  Por cierto, he echado un vistazo a unas páginas bastante amplias en el tema de la taquigrafía de texto (y aprendí mucho en el proceso), pero, hasta ahora, no he visto nada que menciona esto.  Gracias de antemano por su ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorDisplayName="user14382" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T09:49:20.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T09:49:20.643" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent for HTH (&quot;hope that helps&quot; or &quot;happy to help&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19610" CreationDate="2017-02-04T13:33:20.430" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish doesn't have a strong tendency to condense phrases like English does. Not a productive tendency, at least; that is, you can find common abbreviations in certain types of texts, but no new ones are being coined right now. In general we do fine either spelling it all out or borrowing from English, though that depends a lot on the community in question (e. g. it should be much more common to find English shorthand in messages among gamers or programmers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Taquigrafía&lt;/em&gt;, by the way, is not how I would translate things like &quot;HTH&quot; or &quot;BTW&quot; or &quot;AFAIK&quot; in Spanish. As far as I know the term is only used for what is traditionally understood as shorthand, i. e. writing by hand using special characters to compress text, generally to take notes in real time while someone else speaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people would refer to &quot;HTH&quot;, &quot;BTW&quot;, &quot;AFAIK&quot; in Spanish as &lt;em&gt;acrónimos&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0cBv19r&quot;&gt;according to the DRAE&lt;/a&gt; this would only apply to pronounceable abbreviations. The proper term seems to be &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XqwEQdl&quot;&gt;sigla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which is a kind of initialism (although &lt;em&gt;sigla&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit too formal for internet shorthand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T13:33:20.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19600" CreationDate="2017-02-04T16:33:10.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0EUOgTV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abusar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; puede ser un sinónimo de &quot;explotar&quot; con las connotaciones negativas de hacer un mal uso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacer uso excesivo, injusto o indebido de algo o de alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En informática esa &lt;em&gt;explotación&lt;/em&gt; sería un &lt;em&gt;abuso&lt;/em&gt; (uso indebido) de una vulnerabilidad. Yo en el ámbito de la seguridad lo traduciría sin embargo como &quot;explotar&quot; (&lt;em&gt;explotar&lt;/em&gt; una vulnerabilidad). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, el juego de palabras de &quot;exploits of a mum&quot; de la tira cómica lo veo intraducible (propondría &quot;abusos de una madre&quot;, pero se podría malinterpretado fácilmente. La segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;abusar&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al &quot;&lt;em&gt;trato deshonesto a una persona de menor experiencia&lt;/em&gt;&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, creo que mi respuesta a la pregunta sería &quot;no&quot;, ya que &quot;exploit&quot; como dice el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link a wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; que aportas puede ser tanto un fragmento de código (un &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13573/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;snippet&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) como un ataque mediante ingeniería social (un discurso o un argumento). Al primero me referiría como una &lt;code&gt;vulnerabilidad&lt;/code&gt; (y usaría &quot;aprovechar&quot; o &quot;explotar&quot; como verbos para &quot;hacer uso o saco ventaja de esa vulnerabilidad&quot;) mientras que al segundo como un &quot;engaño&quot; o &quot;ataque&quot;. El primero es un nombre y el segundo una acción (verbo) con lo cual no creo que puedan coincidir en el término usado, a diferencia de como ocurre en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T16:33:10.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19610" CreationDate="2017-02-04T17:08:35.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that English speakers are much more prone than Spanish ones not only to create but also to use abbreviations, not only in email and Internet messages, but also in more formal contexts, such as English language teaching and learning (ESL, TESOL, FCE, CAE, CPE, etc.). Spanish speakers only share that tendency perhaps while texting, but this is a rather restricted field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English is, as a rule, much more economical than Spanish when it comes to the number of words that need to be used to express something. In translation, for example, Spanish versions tend to exceed the wordcount of English ones by 20 or 25%. A good example of this -- which I often give to my students -- is that to say &quot;Mind the gap&quot; (or &quot;Watch the gap,&quot; in AmE) we need around ten words in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;Cuidado/Atención con la distancia/el hueco entre el tren y el andén.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T17:08:35.573" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19610" CreationDate="2017-02-04T18:51:44.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. There is no shorthand for HTH in Spanish. In addition to what other answers say, in Spanish it's more difficult to &lt;em&gt;standarize&lt;/em&gt; a shorhand because there is no &lt;em&gt;standard&lt;/em&gt; way to say that. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero haber(te/os/le/les) sido de ayuda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero haber(te/os/le/les) servido de ayuda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero haber(te/os/le/les) ayudado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero que (esto/eso) (te/os/le/les) sirva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero que (esto/eso) (te/os/le/les) valga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, HTH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14880" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T18:51:44.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19618" CreationDate="2017-02-04T21:08:00.187" Score="2" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I know that both of the mean ~&quot;a bargain&quot;, but what is the difference between them? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also, are these words colloquialisms?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14885" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T03:24:20.770" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T03:24:20.770" Title="Difference between &quot;chollo&quot; y &quot;ganga&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19619" CreationDate="2017-02-05T02:18:08.980" Score="4" ViewCount="4692" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, sólo existe la palabra &lt;code&gt;corn&lt;/code&gt;. Si hay más que sólo un maíz, tambíen se llama &lt;code&gt;corn&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The corn was delicious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es &lt;code&gt;maíz&lt;/code&gt; plural en español? ¿Y por qué?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ma%C3%ADces&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary dice&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;code&gt;maíces&lt;/code&gt; es una palabra, ¿pero los hispanohablantes usan esta palabra en el mundo real? ¿Cómo debo usar la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, there's only &lt;code&gt;corn&lt;/code&gt;. If there are more than one cobs of corn, it's still called &lt;code&gt;corn&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The corn was delicious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is &lt;code&gt;maíz&lt;/code&gt; plural in Spanish? And why?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ma%C3%ADces&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary says&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;maíces&lt;/code&gt; is a word, but do Spanish speakers use this word in the real world? How should I use this word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Spanish is of low proficiency, so if you spot any grammatical errors, please help me by &lt;strong&gt;editing my post.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11481" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T09:49:02.823" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T12:57:39.257" Title="¿Es &quot;maíz&quot; plural? En inglés, sólo hay una forma singular" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19616" CreationDate="2017-02-05T02:25:15.687" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8xhUuUu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chollo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;coloq&lt;/strong&gt;. Cosa valiosa o apreciable que se adquiere a muy bajo precio o con poco esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Iqgs8oe%7CIqh9BIB%7CIqk3IWu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ganga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bien que se adquiere a un precio muy por debajo del que normalmente le corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the only difference (according to these definitions) would be that &quot;ganga&quot; is supposed to be some kind of good. In practice, you can use both interchangeably for both goods and services. &lt;code&gt;Chollo&lt;/code&gt; is colloquial (see that is even included in the DRAE definition), and unlike &lt;code&gt;ganga&lt;/code&gt;, may not involve a price. If you win a trip in a lottery or raffle it could be a &quot;chollo&quot; (price) but not a &quot;ganga&quot; (a deal). Even if you had for example a very well paid job that requires little work you could say you have a &quot;chollo&quot; (valuable thing) but not a &quot;ganga&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T08:26:56.390" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T08:26:56.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19617" CreationDate="2017-02-05T02:38:29.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yep. It is tricky. Just imagine that I was asking about the plural of &amp;quot;salt&amp;quot;. You can have a &amp;quot;grain of salt&amp;quot;. When you refer to &amp;quot;salt&amp;quot; you probably refer to  lot of these grains of salt but you use it as a singular noun, not plural. If you go to a grocery store and they had many different kinds of this condiment (like salt from the dead see, pink salt, iodized salt,..) you could say they have many different &lt;em&gt;salts&lt;/em&gt; or kinds of salt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese supermercado tienen muchos tipos de sales. Me encanta que tengan tantos tipos diferentes de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works the same with &amp;quot;maíz&amp;quot; which probably it is not going to refer to a &amp;quot;grand de maíz&amp;quot; unless you explicitly say so. With &amp;quot;maíces&amp;quot; you would be referring to different kinds of corn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta el maíz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El maíz que he comido hoy estaba muy rico (y no he comido solo un grano)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi país hay muchos tipos distintos de maíces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T02:38:29.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19617" CreationDate="2017-02-05T02:41:23.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maíz&lt;/em&gt; as a mass noun is the name of the maize or corn plant, the botanical species. You can say &lt;em&gt;maíces&lt;/em&gt; to refer to different kinds or varieties of maize. An example from an actual headline:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dow presentó 3 nuevos maíces híbridos con tecnología de punta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Dow presented 3 new hybrid maizes with bleeding-edge technology.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in the same way as you can, in English, say &quot;meats&quot; in &quot;All meats have cholesterol, but red meat has the most.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maíz&lt;/em&gt; can also be countable: &lt;em&gt;un maíz&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;one kernel of maize&quot;, &lt;em&gt;dos maíces&lt;/em&gt; &quot;two kernels&quot;, etc. Another way to refer to kernels of corn is using the common word &lt;em&gt;grano&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;grain&quot;): &lt;em&gt;un grano de maíz, dos granos, tres granos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear_(botany)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ear of maize&lt;/a&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OhBfC8z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mazorca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; since this is a countable noun, you can have &lt;em&gt;una mazorca, dos mazorcas, tres mazorcas&lt;/em&gt;, etc. If the ear is not ripe it might be called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GaVx62l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espiga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; instead, though that more commonly refers to wheat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico and Central America the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EYfBA0W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used to refer to the &lt;em&gt;mazorca&lt;/em&gt; (ear of corn) when it is used as food. This is also countable, so you can serve &lt;em&gt;un elote, dos elotes, tres elotes&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most of South America you will find the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8wku5re&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;choclo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;elote&lt;/em&gt; to refer to an ear of corn prepared as food. So: &lt;em&gt;un choclo, dos choclos, tres choclos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T12:57:39.257" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T12:57:39.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-05T14:58:45.237" Score="2" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de un comentario que escribí en este foro, se me generó una duda de sintaxis. El comentario decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en el intercambio de comentarios se genera una sana discusión, como creo que &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es ésta -- al menos hasta ahora --, personalmente no le veo objeción alguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda que es correcto decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en el intercambio de comentarios se genera una sana discusión, como creo que es ésta -- al menos hasta ahora --, personalmente no le veo objeción alguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez ese &quot;lo&quot; sea redundante, pero ¿es necesariamente incorrecto o indeseable? ¿Qué opináis/opinan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T16:09:49.287" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T19:07:02.213" Title="¿Hace la presencia de &quot;como&quot; necesariamente prescindible el predicativo pronominal en esta oración?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19623" CreationDate="2017-02-05T19:07:02.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me da la impresión de que &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; no puede referir a &lt;em&gt;una sana discusión&lt;/em&gt;. Diferente sería el caso si tu comentario comenzase por&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si en el intercambio de comentarios se genera una discusión y dicha discusión es sana…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;porque allí &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; referiría al hecho de que &lt;em&gt;dicha discusión es sana&lt;/em&gt;. Tal es el uso que siempre le he dado yo y que siempre he leído como correcto al &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; en estas circunstancias, aunque por otro lado tu comentario original no me haría detener la lectura y pensar dos veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T19:07:02.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19627" CreationDate="2017-02-05T21:59:47.323" Score="3" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una carta a un colega, en el año 1819, el sacerdote Mariano Payeras caracterizó de &quot;arrastrado Pipián&quot; al Gobernador de la Alta California, Pablo Vicente de Solá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos eran españoles; a lo mejor Payeras eligió venir a la colonia y Solá fuera mandado por su servicio militar, que ofrece una interpretación posible del &quot;arrastrado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Percibo desde la RAE y mis dicionarios de jerga que un pipián o es una calabaza, o el guisado que se coce con aquella, o hasta la comida en general, pero no encuentro referencias a su posible significado aplicado a una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí va la traducción al inglés de Donald Cutter (Bellerophon Books, 1995). Es la única versión del texto que tengo; no provee contexto en español, solamente palabras por aquí y allá. Me da dudas y no sé si contar con su presentación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now after &lt;a href=&quot;http://mchsmuseum.com/bouchard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the attack on Monterey&lt;/a&gt; thanks are being given in the name of the King, our Lord, to the most useless and wretched nobody [&lt;em&gt;arrastrado Pipián&lt;/em&gt;] because he is &lt;em&gt;de razón&lt;/em&gt;, while they leave in eternal oblivion the priests who from nearby hastened to the defense of the homeland, the Indians who risked their lives and tranquility, and all the Missions which sacrificed everything for the success of such a just defense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiso decir Payeras con esa frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T18:01:42.550" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T18:01:42.550" Title="Describir a una persona como &quot;arrastrado Pipián&quot; en California, 1819" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19445" CreationDate="2017-02-05T22:21:19.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, especificar que la RAE reconoce dentro de la conjugación de verbos regulares &quot;los modelos de conjugación para cada uno de los dos grupos en que se dividen, en cuanto al acento, los verbos terminados en -iar y en -uar&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&lt;/a&gt;). Y para el primer caso, propone como modelos los dos mencionados en la pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;enviar&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;anunciar&lt;/strong&gt;. Análogamente podríamos haber hecho la pregunta con los modelos para el segundo caso: &lt;strong&gt;averiguar&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;actuar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primera impresión ha sido encontrar que los verbos &quot;cortos&quot; acentúan la i de la terminación -iar, mientras que los verbos &quot;largos&quot; dejan el acento en la vocal anterior. Aunque esta conclusión no parece demasiado precisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, curioseando un poco más, he llegado a otra hipótesis: partiendo de que fonológicamente en español tendemos a evitar que la primera vocal de la palabra sea la tónica (por eso la mayor parte de las palabras son llanas y agudas, y evitamos las esdrújulas), cuando conjugamos &quot;empujamos&quot; el acento a la derecha para evitar que esto ocurra en los verbos &quot;cortos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estoy en lo correcto, en estos casos la regla o tendencia natural sería conjugar como &quot;anunciar&quot;; excepto si esto produce que la primera vocal sea la tónica. En ese caso, desplazamos el acento a la i.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &quot;piar&quot; y &quot;fiar&quot; no tiene otra solución, ya que no existe vocal previa al grupo -iar. Cuando existe una sola vocal anterior (desviar, aliar, ampliar...), desplazamos a la i de -iar. En los demás casos (expoliar, conciliar, exiliar...) conjugaríamos &quot;normalmente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, tenemos el verbo &quot;paliar&quot;, que se puede conjugar de ambas formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14880" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T22:21:19.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19625" CreationDate="2017-02-05T22:50:45.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3g9QCIj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;arrastrado&quot;&lt;/a&gt; significa &quot;servil&quot; o &quot;rastrero&quot;; también significa &quot;adulador&quot; en algunos lugares de América y parece que, antiguamente, significaba además &quot;pícaro o &quot;bribón&quot;. Me inclino a pensar que se refiere a lo primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T7PF65K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;pipián&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, el mismo DRAE recoge que, en El Salvador, significa &quot;persona homosexual&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=qr4uAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=pipi%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Otras fuentes&lt;/a&gt; indican que allí también se usa para referirse a un &quot;hombre poco decidido&quot;. Es llamativo que Payeras use la expresión en California, y que esta acepción del término se limite en la actualidad, al parecer, a El Salvador. Puede que se refiera en realidad a la expresión del norte de México &quot;ser pipián de todos los moles&quot;, de la que encontré muy pocas referencias: se usa &quot;cuando una persona se acomoda en todos los niveles sociales y económicos, y que no existe un lugar donde no esté presente&quot;, según lo poco que se puede ver de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=hSwsAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=pipi%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refranes norteños y sanos pensamientos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Tendría sentido si nos constara que Payeras pensaba que el gobernador era acomodaticio, lo que no sería de extrañar si al decirle &quot;arrastrado&quot; lo trataba de servil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T12:17:56.300" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T12:17:56.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19629" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19630" CreationDate="2017-02-05T23:29:06.757" Score="2" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Todo lo demás constante, ¿alientan las reglas de buena escritura en español la simetría en las frases?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came upon the following in the grammar book, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=ULHpAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=%22spanish+grammar+in+context%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjR29qE__nRAhXhjFQKHVBTBkUQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22spanish%20grammar%20in%20context%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El cambio climático se intensifica a medida que la contaminación recalienta el planeta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is part of an exercise in which you are asked to rewrite sentences using a verb shown in brackets.  (For this particular sentence, the verb in brackets is &amp;quot;estar.&amp;quot;)  The answer key gives two verb phrases as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;está intensificando&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;está recalentando&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This led me to think about what makes for better Spanish writing.  For example, in English there is this notion of sentence symmetry where an effort is made to match certain elements that exist in one part of the sentence with similar elements in the clause that follows it.  To cut to the chase, I'm going to list variations of this sentence below in the hope that someone can tell me what nuances in meaning exist (if worth noting) and/or which you consider to be the best of these sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se intensifica&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;recalienta&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta.  (this is the first one listed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;está intensificando&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;está recalentando&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta. (this is the sentence after applying lesson instructions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se intensifica&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;se recalienta&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta. (a version of the sentence using the passive in the first part and passive in the clause that follows)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could add more variations, but I think the three above are enough to open this up for discussion/answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would imagine that if I had been an English major or English teacher, I might be able to answer this myself based off of the English translations since I suspect rules of good English writing are similar to those in Spanish.  Not having studied this, I'd be interested in knowing what you think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente encontré lo siguiente en el libro de gramática &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=ULHpAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=%22spanish+grammar+in+context%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjR29qE__nRAhXhjFQKHVBTBkUQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22spanish%20grammar%20in%20context%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El cambio climático se intensifica a medida que la contaminación recalienta el planeta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es parte de un ejercicio en que se pide reescribir frases utilizando un verbo indicado entre paréntesis cuadrados.  (Para esta frase, el verbo entre paréntesis es &amp;quot;estar.&amp;quot;)  La clave de respuestas da los dos sintagmas verbales que siguen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;está intensificando&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;está recalentando&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me llevó a pensar en qué es lo que mejora la escritura / contribuye a una mejor escritura en español.  Por ejemplo, en inglés, existe una noción de simetría en frases, por la que se hace un esfuerzo por igualar ciertos elementos que existen en una parte de la frase en la cláusula que la sigue. Para ir al grano, voy a listar variaciones de esta frase abajo, con la esperanza de que alguien pueda decirme qué matices de significado existen (si vale la pena señalarlos) y/o cuál considera que sería la mejor de estas frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se intensifica&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;recalienta&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta.  (ésta es la primera listada)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;está intensificando&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;está recalentando&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta. (ésta es la frase después de aplicar las instrucciones de la lección)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se intensifica&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;se recalienta&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta. (una versión de la frase que utiliza la pasiva en la primera parte y la pasiva en la cláusula que sigue)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría añadir más variaciones, pero creo que las tres de arriba / precedentes son suficientes para abrir este tema a debate y respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imaginaría que si hubiera sido profesora de Lengua Inglesa, podría ser capaz de responder esta pregunta yo misma basándome en las traducciones al inglés, puesto que sospecho que las reglas de buena escritura son las mismas en inglés que en español.  No habiendo estudiado este tema, me interesaría conocer su opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-07T06:58:25.867" Title="All else being equal, do rules of good Spanish writing encourage symmetry in sentences?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="16" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19629" CreationDate="2017-02-06T00:49:00.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first sentence, with &quot;se intensifica&quot; and &quot;recalienta,&quot; is of course fine. (&quot;se recalienta,&quot; as guifa said in his comment, is not possible.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it'd be perfect in Spanish to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se está intensificando&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que la contaminación &lt;strong&gt;recalienta&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;está recalentando&quot; would not be possible because, combined with &quot;a medida que,&quot; it would suggest with excessive emphasis an action at the precise moment of speaking, and with &quot;la contaminación&quot; as subject the result would be absurd. However, for some unfathomable reason, the progressive can work if we use a quasi-reflexive with &quot;se&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El cambio climático &lt;strong&gt;se está intensificando&lt;/strong&gt; a medida que &lt;strong&gt;se está recalentando&lt;/strong&gt; el planeta a causa de / como consecuencia de la contaminación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think replicating the same verb form in the two parts of the sentence will contribute to improving style, at least in the sentence you have provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T01:44:41.897" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T01:44:41.897" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19629" CreationDate="2017-02-06T00:54:36.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really fully understand the concept of simmetry you are trying to apply here. It's a matter of the time of the verbs, the position of the different parts of the phrases, adjectives, nouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I didn't know that written English had such a rule, but I really, really doubt that Spanish has it. In fact I'm pretty sure that Spanish doesn't have it and I was about to tell you just that, but I just contained myself, just in case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, you can say a huge lot of things in one phrase using Spanish, if you want an example one book come to my mind: &quot;Las intermitencias de la muerte&quot; from José Saramago. If you read that book, you'll read some of the largest phrases I've read in my whole live. It's just madness how this writer can handle such phrases with so many information in every one of them, and still being not only readable but pleasant and beautiful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can not make such phrases simmetric, and you shouldn't. Every part of the phrase have something to say and a specific way to say it to express what the writer wants to express.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Simmetry doesn't matter at all. What matters is the what and how you are trying to express, and you use all the tools you have to achieve it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There's no more about it. Forget about simmetry unless you are writing poetry and you need it for the rhythm, or specific things like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the comments of the user Gustavson, I want to clarify that the example of Saramago was only to illustrate the concept that simmetry shouldn't be a concern while writing, but simply an added thing both on purpose or randomly. The most improtant is what you are trying to express and how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I've collected other example from the book &quot;Fortunata y Jacinta&quot; from Benito Pérez Galdós. It doesn't have the same large phrases, but it would be interesting that you read it and try to find that simmetry in the several phrases of the paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me explicaré mejor. Quiero decir que al maltratar a tu rival le has dado la victoria sobre ti. El hombre a quien queréis las dos pudo haber vacilado antes de elegir la que definitivamente había de merecer su amor. Ahora no vacilará. Entre una que se descompone y hace las brutalidades que tú hiciste y otra que padece y es maltratada, el amor tiene que preferir a la víctima. Toda víctima es por sí interesante. Todo verdugo es por sí odioso. En un pleito de amor, la víctima gana siempre. Ésta es una verdad que está escrita en el corazón humano como en un libro, y yo leo en él tan claro como leemos una noticia en &lt;em&gt;El Imparcial&lt;/em&gt;. Yo lo sé todo; nada se me oculta. Demasiadas pruebas tienes de ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you was referring to more formal writings, like essays, letters, I apologize, but honestly I thought it was more general and was an interesting question, so I had to give an interesting answer :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-16T12:58:35.320" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T12:58:35.320" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19629" CreationDate="2017-02-06T02:44:26.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración mejor redactada es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El cambio climático se intensifica a medida que la contaminación calienta el planeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence: El cambio climático está intensificando (you need to add something here) a medida que la contaminación está recalentando (re warming? it is better to stick with calentando here) el planeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sententce: El cambio climático se intensifica a medida que la contaminación se recalienta (you could just change se recalienta to calienta) el planeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14898" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T03:14:57.303" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T03:14:57.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19634" CreationDate="2017-02-06T10:50:45.023" Score="5" ViewCount="3966" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos el diálogo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Me encanta esa grupo de música.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - ¿Por qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Sus canciones &lt;strong&gt;tienen un aire&lt;/strong&gt; melancólico pero a la vez humorístico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, hablamos de &lt;em&gt;tener un aire&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de apariencia, manera de ser ya sea en el sentido físico o psicológico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Ese señor &lt;strong&gt;tiene un aire&lt;/strong&gt; triste, siempre se le ve solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todas ellas se utiliza &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1L3KU50&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aire&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. aer, -ĕris, y este del gr. ἀήρ aḗr.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Apariencia, aspecto o estilo de alguien o de algo. &lt;em&gt;Me impresionó su aire de tristeza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en esta entrada también se recogen expresiones que inciden en vincular &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;humor&lt;/em&gt; y demás cualidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;aire de suficiencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Afectación de magisterio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;coger el aire a algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Acostumbrarse a su funcionamiento o aprender a realizarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;coger el aire a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Acostumbrarse a su carácter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;de mal aire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. De mal humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; observo que la acepción 4. indicada más arriba (&lt;em&gt;Apariencia, aspecto o estilo de alguien o de algo&lt;/em&gt;) es relativamente reciente, apenas se incorporó al DRAE en 1992, pero entradas como &lt;em&gt;de mal aire&lt;/em&gt; ya estaban en 1780.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues mi duda es: ¿de dónde viene la asociación de &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;apariencia&lt;/em&gt;, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:40:50.113" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;tener un aire&quot;? ¿De dónde viene la asociación de aire a carácter, apariencia...?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19633" CreationDate="2017-02-06T11:33:44.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Online Etymology aparece esto sobre &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=air&quot;&gt;air&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en inglés: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;air (n. 2)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1590s, &quot;manner, appearance&quot; (as in &lt;em&gt;an air of mystery&lt;/em&gt;); 1650s, &quot;assumed&#xA;  manner, affected appearance&quot; (especially in phrase &lt;em&gt;put on airs&lt;/em&gt;, 1781),&#xA;  from French &lt;em&gt;air&lt;/em&gt; &quot;look, appearance, mien, bearing, tone&quot; (Old French&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt; &quot;reality, essence, nature, descent, extraction&quot; (12c.); compare&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;debonair&lt;/em&gt;), which is perhaps from Latin &lt;em&gt;ager&lt;/em&gt; &quot;place, field, productive&#xA;  land&quot; (see &lt;em&gt;acre&lt;/em&gt;) on notion of &quot;place of origin.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But some French sources connect this Old French word with the source&#xA;  of &lt;em&gt;air&lt;/em&gt; (n.1), and it also is possible these senses in English&#xA;  developed from or were influenced by &lt;em&gt;air&lt;/em&gt; (n.1); compare sense&#xA;  development of &lt;em&gt;atmosphere&lt;/em&gt; and Latin &lt;em&gt;spiritus&lt;/em&gt; &quot;breath, breeze,&quot; also&#xA;  &quot;high spirit, pride,&quot; and the extended senses of &lt;em&gt;anima&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, resumiendo y para quien pueda no entender el inglés: que &lt;em&gt;air&lt;/em&gt; en el mismo sentido aproximado que este &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt; en castellano puede ser que provenga del francés antiguo, y éste tanto del latín &lt;em&gt;ager&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;lugar, campo&quot;, en el sentido de &quot;origen, extracción&quot; y por extensión &quot;esencia&quot;), como del latín &lt;em&gt;aer&lt;/em&gt; &quot;aire, atmósfera&quot; por la misma asociación que cambió el sentido oiginal de &lt;em&gt;spiritus&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;anima&lt;/em&gt; y que nos dio el sentido figurativo moderno de &lt;em&gt;atmósfera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cronología coincide: la palabra inglesa aparece atestiguada con su sentido de &quot;apariencia&quot; en la década de 1590 y la de &quot;afectación&quot; en la de 1650. El francés se transformó en lengua vehicular y de prestigio en Europa a partir del siglo XVII y especialmente en el siglo XVIII, por lo cual no sería extraño que nuestro &lt;em&gt;aire&lt;/em&gt; fuese un calco del francés, con el mismo significado ya adoptado por el inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T11:33:44.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19633" CreationDate="2017-02-06T12:04:14.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues debe de venir de muy antiguo. Fíjate en la entrada de Covarrubias (1611) sobre la palabra &quot;ayre&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AYRE. [...] Tenemos muchas frases tomadas desta palabra Ayre. [...] Tener ayre, tener gracia una cosa. Darle ayre, entallarla bien y agraciadamente. Tener Pedro el ayre de Juan, es parecersele en el movimiento, o en el cuerpo y rostro. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que no da una definición exacta de lo que significa la palabra (más allá de una disertación inicial acerca de que es uno de los cuatro elementos, concretamente el espacio que hay entre el elemento del fuego y el de la tierra). Pero sí da muchos ejemplos de frases hechas con esa palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos más atrás, en el de Nebrija (1495) vemos las siguientes entradas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aire en la cara del hombre. Vultus, us.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aire de cara gracioso. Decor, oris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos estas dos palabras en latín, &quot;vultus&quot; significa &quot;rostro, aspecto&quot;, mientras que &quot;decor&quot; significa &quot;bello, magnífico, elegancia, lo que conviene&quot;. Es decir, el aire en la cara es el aspecto de la persona, definición que mencionas y que ya existía en 1495. De la segunda (aire gracioso) sale la expresión &quot;salir airoso&quot; (salir con gracia y elegancia de una situación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la asociación en sí, puede ser complicado encontrar el origen. Covarrubias ya enlaza la palabra con el latín &lt;em&gt;aer&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;aire&quot;. En la antigüedad ya muchos consideraban el alma como algo inmaterial, al igual que el aire, hasta el punto de que los asemejaban o consideraban que la primera estaba hecha de lo segundo. Recordemos que el aire se consideraba uno de los cuatro elementos primordiales, así que para ellos no era descabellado que el alma estuviera hecha de este elemento primordial. Por otro lado, desde antiguo se ha considerado que la cara es el espejo del alma. Por lo que de ahí a considerar que alguien &quot;tiene un aire&quot; a otra persona si sus rostros (alma, aire) se parecen, es un paso que tiene su lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T07:22:54.213" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T07:22:54.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19636" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19638" CreationDate="2017-02-06T14:48:14.900" Score="8" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I have a list of multiple singular nouns in Spanish, I don't know if the modifying adjective should be singular or plural (update: note that I want this one adjective to modify both preceding nouns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El médico tiene la autoridad para restringir la libertad de un paciente con tal de que sea necesario para dar &lt;strong&gt;el cuidado médico y tratamiento adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should it be &lt;strong&gt;el cuidado médico y tratamiento adecuados&lt;/strong&gt; or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me identify the correct way to do it, and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A parallel to this question that makes me think of it is this example with nouns and verbs: &lt;strong&gt;La ropa y el equipaje del paciente serán devueltos.&lt;/strong&gt;  Notice you have two singular nouns followed by a verb conjugated in the third person plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13120" LastEditorUserId="13120" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T05:08:18.193" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T05:08:18.193" Title="Should a list of multiple singular nouns be modified by a plural or singular adjective?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19636" CreationDate="2017-02-06T23:55:23.770" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mean that both nouns have the same property, then the adjective is plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[cuidado médico &lt;strong&gt;adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;] + [tratamiento &lt;strong&gt;adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;] = cuidado médico y tratamiento &lt;strong&gt;adecuados&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if the property pertains only to the noun with which it's attached, then the adjective is singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[cuidado médico] + [tratamiento adecuado] = cuidado médico y tratamiento &lt;strong&gt;adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence that you give us by example it's really difficult to distinguish one meaning from the other, so I would say both forms are fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes the grammatical difference implies a critical difference in reality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una esfera y un cubo &lt;strong&gt;blanco&lt;/strong&gt;. (Here the sphere is not necessarily white.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una esfera y un cubo &lt;strong&gt;blancos&lt;/strong&gt;. (The sphere is white).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T23:55:23.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19263" CreationDate="2017-02-07T08:02:08.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que ha sido la convergencia de dos expresiones. Por un lado, tenemos la acepción de palmito como aquel que viste muchos ropajes, ya dada por Covarrubias en 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PALMITOS, redrojos de palma, cuya medula y hijuelos se comen. De uno que estâ con muchos vestidos, dezimos, que está vestido como un palmito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de Autoridades lo amplía a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estar como un &lt;em&gt;palmito&lt;/em&gt;. Phrase vulgár con que se dá à entender que alguno está curioso, y limpiamente vestido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción viene directamente por comparación con el árbol de palma y la forma de sus hojas. Por otro lado, tenemos &quot;palmito&quot; como diminutivo de palmo (palmo pequeño). También el diccionario de Autoridades nos da la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PALMITO. [...] Usase hablando del rostro, especialmente de las mugéres: y assi se dice buen palmito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión viene directamente dada por el tamaño que tiene la cara dentro del cuerpo: apenas un palmo. Esto se puede comprobar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=palmo%20de%20cara&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1000&amp;amp;ano2=1700&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot;&gt;textos en el CORDE&lt;/a&gt; que hacen referencia a la expresión &quot;un palmo de cara&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este palmo de cara, amiga mía,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dio a un mercader tal guerra y batería&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que, apoderado amor de sus entrañas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pudo sacarme de vender castañas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alonso de Castillo Solórzano, &quot;Aventuras del Bachiller Trapaza&quot;, 1637 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, por un lado tenemos que un palmito es el rostro femenino hermoso, y por otro que es una forma curiosa de vestir. Si mezclamos ambos términos se llega a denominar a lo que hay debajo del vestido: el talle femenino. O puede simplemente que la expresión &quot;buen palmito&quot; se extendiera desde referirse a la cara a referirse al cuerpo entero, dado que esta acepción no se incorporó al diccionario hasta 1956. No sé cómo andarían los trajes femeninos de ceñidos por esa época (los de calle, no los de gala), pero seguramente bastante más que en el siglo XVII. En todo caso, conforme ha pasado el tiempo la mujer ha podido ir luciendo algo más que la cara, a medida que la sociedad ha ido avanzando y la mujer se ha ido liberando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T08:02:08.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19877" CreationDate="2017-02-07T09:32:45.673" Score="5" ViewCount="7409" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19263/12637&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, vemos que la palabra &lt;em&gt;palmo&lt;/em&gt; como unidad de medida da lugar a varias expresiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quedarse &lt;em&gt;con un palmo de lengua fuera&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se está muy cansado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No levantar alguien &lt;em&gt;un palmo del suelo&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se es muy bajito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la que me intriga es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RaKOsnr#8YDI0tk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;con un palmo de narices&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Chasquearlo, privándolo de lo que esperaba conseguir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa mucho esta expresión precisamente para eso, para indicar que alguien se ha quedado con las ganas de conseguir algo que deseaba, sobre todo cuando es en el último momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice así? ¿Qué tiene que ver el sentido del olfato con haberse quedado con las ganas de algo? ¿O, como indica la Wikipedia, tiene que ver con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmo_de_narices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el gesto de hacer burla&lt;/a&gt;? En cualquier caso, ¿cuándo y cómo se originó la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qAdt9m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qAdt9m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Palmo de narices&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-04-01T11:39:53.573" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;quedarse con un palmo de narices&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T13:35:20.417" Score="2" ViewCount="1345" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las religiones quieren aumentar las virtudes de las personas para que tengan una conducta o un comportamiento positivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to know, what is the difference between &quot;conducta&quot; and &quot;comportamiento&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13876" LastEditorUserId="13876" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T14:28:53.407" LastActivityDate="2020-07-26T11:41:09.573" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;conducta&quot; y &quot;comportamiento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19641" CreationDate="2017-02-07T14:15:39.417" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conducta&lt;/em&gt; refers mainly to human behaviour, while &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; is more general. But the difference is mainly of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot;&gt;collocation&lt;/a&gt;, I think. There are certain contexts where only one of &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; is permitted. For example, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;el comportamiento de las variables meteorológicas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but you cannot say (or it would be a bit weird to say)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;la conducta de las variables meteorológicas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, you can study &lt;em&gt;el comportamiento animal&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;animal behaviour&quot;) but not &lt;em&gt;la conducta animal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; tends to imply good behaviour, or (self-)control, while &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; is neutral (but note that the verb &lt;em&gt;comportarse&lt;/em&gt; can mean &quot;to behave well&quot;, while &lt;em&gt;conducirse&lt;/em&gt; cannot be used in this way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that some theories of psychology have a clear distinction between what they formally call &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt;. For example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundopsicologos.com/consultas/diferencia-entre-conducta-y-comportamiento&quot;&gt;on a psychologists' forum&lt;/a&gt; I found this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A grandes rasgos conducta y comportamiento son términos muy similares.&#xA;  No obstante, existen ciertas diferencias. La conducta es la parte&#xA;  observable del comportamiento ante un estímulo externo. El&#xA;  comportamiento engloba a la conducta e incluye aspectos conscientes,&#xA;  inconscientes, públicos o privados, voluntarios o involuntarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating: &quot;Broadly speaking, &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; are very similar terms. However there are some differences. &lt;em&gt;Conducta&lt;/em&gt; is the observable part of &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; when faced with an external stimulus. &lt;em&gt;Comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; includes &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; as well as conscious or unconscious, public or private, voluntary or involuntary aspects.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to reinforce the idea that &lt;em&gt;conducta&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;how a human being chooses to behave&quot; while &lt;em&gt;comportamiento&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;how something acts or reacts&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T14:15:39.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20073" CreationDate="2017-02-07T14:51:19.153" Score="7" ViewCount="2867" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchos aprendimos la palabra italiano &lt;em&gt;principessa&lt;/em&gt; viendo la película &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film594480.html&quot;&gt;La vida es bella&lt;/a&gt; (1997), cuando el personaje de Roberto Benigni saluda a su amada con un &lt;em&gt;buongiorno principessa&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es, &lt;em&gt;buenos días princesa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiempo después, me parece curioso que el italiano y el español tengan palabras tan similares para príncipe (&lt;em&gt;principe&lt;/em&gt;, sin tilde), mientras que princesa en castellano difiere mucho de esta raíz, que en italiano es &lt;em&gt;principessa&lt;/em&gt; como vimos más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DRAE vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UBt4jVS&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;príncipe, princesa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;princeps&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ĭpis&lt;/em&gt;; la forma femenina, del francés &lt;em&gt;princesse&lt;/em&gt;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;prince&lt;/em&gt; 'príncipe', y este del latín &lt;em&gt;princeps&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya, que &lt;em&gt;príncipe&lt;/em&gt; vino directamente del latín, mientras que &lt;em&gt;princesa&lt;/em&gt; pasó primero por el francés después de que en ese idioma adapataran el vocablo masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que ya en 1803 el diccionario actual recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Principesa. s.f. ant. Lo mismo que PRINCESA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esto llega hasta hoy, donde el DRAE muestra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;principesa&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De príncipe.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  1. f. p. us. princesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;em&gt;f. p. us.&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;nombre femenino poco usado&lt;/em&gt;. Nótese además que aparece así desde 1817, mientras que la edición de 1780 no tiene dicha entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se debe esto? ¿Hubo un intento posterior de introducir &lt;em&gt;principesa&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Por qué en primer lugar hubo ese paso por el francés? Y antes de usar el nombre proviniente del francés, ¿cuál se usaba?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T18:57:08.800" Title="¿Por qué el femenino de &quot;príncipe&quot; es &quot;princesa&quot; y no &quot;príncipa&quot; o &quot;principesa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19644" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T21:17:47.173" Score="5" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión habitual en inglés para pedir que mi código sea incorporado a un repositorio de control de versiones de software es &quot;pull request&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero &quot;Peticion de estirar/traer/jalar&quot; suena raro. Y tampoco transmite el concepto necesario: una solicitud de que el trabajo de programación que he hecho y ofrezco sea integrado con un código ya existente mediante el uso de una herramienta de control de versiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mejor que se me ocurre es &quot;petición de integración&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14913" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T07:05:44.227" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T11:31:58.447" Title="¿Cómo pedir que mi código sea incorporado a un repositorio de control de versiones de software?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19644" CreationDate="2017-02-07T22:05:26.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Visual Studio 2015 se integra con repositorios Git, y la operación de &quot;push&quot; la traduce como &quot;insertar&quot;. Aunque es la traducción del término opuesto a &quot;pull&quot;, en realidad todo depende del punto de vista. Desde el punto de vista del que ha escrito el nuevo código cuya aceptación se desea conseguir, lo que se espera es que su &quot;push&quot; sea aceptado (haciendo un &quot;pull&quot; desde la otra parte). Por tanto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solicitud de inserción&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no me sonaría mal, ya que hablamos de eso, de conseguir que el código sea insertado en el repositorio, aunque se use la traducción de la operación opuesta (la traducción de &quot;pull&quot; en Visual Studio es &quot;extraer&quot;, y la verdad es que &quot;solicitud de extracción&quot; no queda nada bien).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T11:31:58.447" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T11:31:58.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19647" CreationDate="2017-02-08T01:27:01.777" Score="5" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando quiero hablar de algo que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; tiene una propiedad, pero decirlo de manera &quot;afirmativa&quot; (si es que eso significa algo), ¿es correcto usar un guion o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo nos interesan las propiedades de sistemas &lt;strong&gt;no-triviales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto ese guion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14916" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T09:57:45.983" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T09:57:45.983" Title="¿Se debe utilizar guion en &quot;no-trivial&quot; o se escribe sin él? ¿Y en general?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19646" CreationDate="2017-02-08T02:17:07.727" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la Real Academia Española (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=vvMk91OVTD6CnaLO7C&quot;&gt;ver ítem (4) aquí&lt;/a&gt;), cuando &quot;no&quot; se antepone a sustantivos o adjetivos abstractos, denotando inexistencia de lo designado por ellos, no se utiliza guion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es partidario de la &lt;em&gt;no violencia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Su actitud &lt;em&gt;no beligerante&lt;/em&gt; le granjeó las simpatías de todos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE dice expresamente que ese &quot;no&quot; se escribe separado y sin guion intermedio. Esto se debe a que &quot;no&quot; es una palabra independiente, no un prefijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T09:03:22.657" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T09:03:22.657" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1063" CreationDate="2017-02-08T03:03:10.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde ayer,Desde ahora,Desde mañana,Desde que te has ido, desde el día que se fue...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14917" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T03:03:10.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19644" CreationDate="2017-02-08T07:20:00.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé vosotros pero yo nunca he oído nada diferente de &lt;em&gt;pull request&lt;/em&gt; y casi todos los manuales que encuentro en castellano utilizan el término inglés. Sin embargo, considero muy sano intentar una traducción que dé claridad al término, especialmente para esta tecnología que tiene una curva de aprendizaje un poco complicada y que se presta a equívocos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19645/1674&quot;&gt;la sugerencia de Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt; me parezca muy acertada y entendible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puestos a sugerir, veo que en la documentación oficial de Git, sección &lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/book/es/v1/Git-en-entornos-distribuidos-Contribuyendo-a-un-proyecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;5.2 Git en entornos distribuidos - Contribuyendo a un proyecto&lt;/a&gt; mencionan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras enviar (push) tu trabajo a tu copia bifurcada (fork), has de notificarselo al gestor del proyecto. Normalmente se suele hacer a través de una &lt;em&gt;solicitud de recuperación/integración&lt;/em&gt; (pull request).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recuperación&lt;/em&gt; me parece poco adecuado, puesto que sugiere una pérdida previa. Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;solicitud de integración&lt;/strong&gt; sería mi propuesta. A &lt;em&gt;integración&lt;/em&gt; le veo la bondad de proyectar la imagen de las ramas o flujos diferentes de código. Por otra parte, le veo la parte mala de usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;integrar&lt;/em&gt;, muy usado en estos ámbitos en conceptos como la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integraci%C3%B3n_continua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;integración continua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que afecta a una capa algo más alta en el sistema de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T07:20:00.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19650" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19651" CreationDate="2017-02-08T07:41:27.220" Score="2" ViewCount="692" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer en las noticias hablaron de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cis.es/cis/opencms/ES/NoticiasNovedades/InfoCIS/2017/Documentacion_3164.html&quot;&gt;última encuesta de intención de voto del CIS&lt;/a&gt; (Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas), en las cuales se arrojaba el siguiente resultado para España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;33%     PP&#xA;21,7%   Podemos&#xA;18,6%   PSOE&#xA;12,4%   C's&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante estos resultados, la señora María Dolores de Cospedal, actual ministra de Defensa, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cuatro.com/noticias/espana/Cospedal-PP-favorito-espanoles-importante_0_2320500453.html&quot;&gt;declaró&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de todos los españoles.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí esta frase me parece falsa, porque para mucha gente no es su partido favorito. Concretamente a los que prefieren votar antes a cualquier otro partido. De hecho, ni siquiera es el partido favorito de la mayoría de los españoles, porque solo les votarían uno de cada tres (33%). Así que mi pregunta es, y dado que los políticos tienden a cuidar las cosas que dicen: ¿hay alguna forma en la que la frase se pudiera interpretar como verdadera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T21:01:47.353" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T21:01:47.353" Title="¿Se puede interpretar como verdadera la declaración de Cospedal de que &quot;el PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de todos los españoles&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19650" CreationDate="2017-02-08T11:24:43.793" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de todos los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tomamos la segunda acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hh5BEDz&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;favorito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. adj. Que tiene, en la opinión general, la mayor probabilidad de ganar en una competición. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podríamos decir que la autora de la frase querría decir exactamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido &lt;em&gt;con la mayor probabilidad de ganar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que tendría sentido, pues se puede definir &quot;ganar las elecciones&quot; como &quot;ser el que obtenga el mayor número de votos&quot;, independientemente de quién acabe gobernando (por aquello de las alianzas postelectorales y demás).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que chirría y considero incorrecto, y esto se comentó acertadamente en los comentarios, es la parte &lt;em&gt;de todos los españoles&lt;/em&gt;. En concreto, el &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una rápida mirada en el diccionario nos indica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZxVCoJq&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;totalidad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la totalidad del conjunto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cada&lt;/em&gt;, etc. En cualquier caso, su uso en la frase viene a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de todos y cada uno de los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo cual es tremendamente falso y solo sería cierto si un 100% de los encuestados lo afirmara (y aún así, sería bueno matizar &lt;em&gt;de los encuestados&lt;/em&gt; pues difícilmente 46 millones de personas pueden estar de acuerdo en algo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente fue una manera algo confusa de decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito, según los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yendo más allá, observamos que la estimación del 33% está muy lejos de ser mayoría. En efecto, la suma de los otros porcentajes es superior, por lo que seguramente lo único que se puede afirmar es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido con mayor intención de voto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que, unido a lo dicho anteriormente respecto el uso de &lt;em&gt;favorito&lt;/em&gt;, podría convertirse en algo indudablemente cierto como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido al que la mayor proporción de votantes de partidos daría soporte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ofrecer un caso más claro, imaginemos la típica frase de anuncio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seis de cada diez dentistas recomiendan esta pasta de dientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ella solamente se puede inferir un valor relativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mayoría&lt;/em&gt; de los dentistas recomienda...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que un valor absoluto es falso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos&lt;/em&gt; los dentistas recomiendan...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y solo sería cierto si todos los dentistas se manifestaran en el mismo sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T11:24:43.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19650" CreationDate="2017-02-08T11:37:24.583" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuché estas declaraciones de la secretaria general del PP (entiendo que en este caso hablaba en calidad de tal) y también me llamó la atención esta frase. Entiendo que no, la frase no se puede considerar como cierta por culpa de la palabra &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt;. Paso a analizarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;favorito&lt;/em&gt;, como adjetivo, tiene dos acepciones según el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimado y apreciado con preferencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que tiene, en la opinión general, la mayor probabilidad de ganar en una competición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no conozco ningún otro uso de la palabra (como adjetivo, insisto) distinto de los que recoge el diccionario, así que daré estas acepciones por válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de una u otra acepción viene indicado por la preposición que sigue a la palabra &lt;em&gt;favorito&lt;/em&gt;. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP es el partido favorito &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; los expertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP es el partido favorito &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; los expertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso, decimos que los expertos prefieren el PP frente a los demás partidos; en el segundo, decimos que los expertos consideran que el PP es el partido que tiene más probabilidades de ganar. Por tanto, Cospedal está utilizando la primera acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podríamos pensar que comete una incorrección gramatical y, en realidad, está intentando usar la segunda; en este caso, la frase no es cierta porque en la encuesta se pregunta a qué partido se tiene intención de votar (cuál es el preferido), no qué partido se cree que va a ganar unas hipotéticas elecciones. Esta pregunta también es habitual en las encuestas y se usa para &lt;em&gt;cocinar&lt;/em&gt; los datos, pero no es la que aparece en los datos publicados. Así pues, supondré que la acepción pretendida es la primera: el PP es el partido que prefieren todos los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en este caso, como decía más arriba, la frase resulta falsa por el uso de &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt;. Si se hubiera dicho, simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces podríamos considerar que la frase es válida. Se puede argumentar si es correcto decir esto, siendo que la mayoría de los españoles (67 %) no lo consideran su favorito, pero ya entramos en un terreno más ambiguo del lenguaje. Sin embargo, al decir que es el favorito de &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt; los españoles, ya no. En este caso, la palabra &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;todos y cada uno&lt;/em&gt;; con que hubiera un español que no lo considerara su favorito, la frase ya no sería cierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T11:37:24.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19650" CreationDate="2017-02-08T12:41:41.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los usuarios Gorpik y fedorqui ya han dicho que desde el punto de vista de esa acepción de &quot;favoritos&quot; ya mencionada, la frase es correcta, por lo cual no voy a incidir más en ello... pero sí quería añadir algo respecto a ese &quot;todos&quot;: en mi opinión no es simplemente una cuestión de si su significado es correcto literalmente, sino cómo afecta al que escucha la frase y que función tiene en el conjunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya escribí en los comentarios de la pregunta, yo veo toda la frase como una típica falacia &lt;em&gt;ad populum&lt;/em&gt;, un &quot;&lt;em&gt;semos los mejores y qué&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Como ya sabemos, estas cosas no se hacen para describir la realidad ni para ser correctas en cuanto a su significado, sino para despertar sentimientos, sentimientos que consigan una reacción impulsiva que no tenga en cuenta la lógica.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;todos&quot;, por tanto, no tiene la intención de incluir a todos los españoles en un sentido semántico literal, sino reforzar el sentimiento de victoria y de pertenencia al grupo, apoyándose para ello en ciertas ideas más extendidas de lo debido, como que la mayoría siempre tiene la razón y que los resultados de las estadísticas se pueden aplicar a toda la población invariablemente (cómo me recordó fedorqui, este no es el sitio para extenderse en este tipo de cosas, así que no opinaré sobre estas ideas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho lo cual, ¿es correcta la frase? Desde luego NO lo es si analizamos el significado literal de la frase, que emana del uso del lenguaje para su construcción, y que nos atañe en esta página.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, la retórica, las falacias y otras artimañas también son parte del lenguaje, por poco que nos guste a algunos, así que desde ese punto de vista a mí me parece bastante correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T12:57:37.757" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T12:57:37.757" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19650" CreationDate="2017-02-08T13:29:44.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar un poco más de juego a la pregunta, y siempre intentando mantenerme en el punto de vista puramente lingüístico (sin entrar en opiniones personales), propongo algunas formas en las que la frase podría ser correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La parte &quot;todos los españoles&quot; no se refiere a las personas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito de [entre] todos los [partidos] españoles.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La frase en realidad lleva signos de puntuación, omitidos en la declaración oral:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido favorito, de todos los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así la frase tendría más bien el sentido de que es &quot;el partido favorito&quot; y además es &quot;de todos los españoles&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;También se podría mirar así:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PP sigue siendo el partido de todos los españoles favorito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, de entre todos los partidos que son de todos los españoles, es el favorito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T15:28:06.460" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T15:28:06.460" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19656" CreationDate="2017-02-08T17:44:59.330" Score="4" ViewCount="21664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando un día tiene mucho sol está soleado, cuando tiene muchas nubes está nublado, ¿y cuando tiene mucha neblina? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="13101" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T13:44:46.293" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T13:44:46.293" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra que se usa para referirse a un día que tiene mucha neblina?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19655" CreationDate="2017-02-08T18:05:52.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;neblinoso, sa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho del día o de la atmósfera: En que abunda y es baja la niebla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=QJtF1G3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12800" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T18:05:52.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-08T18:17:34.633" Score="5" ViewCount="1778" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas abreviaturas —sobre todo las que incluyen una vocal o sílaba entera al final— llevan letras voladas.  Por ejemplo, tenemos &lt;em&gt;M.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; por María, abg.&lt;sup&gt;do/a&lt;/sup&gt; por &lt;em&gt;abogado/a&lt;/em&gt;, ser.&lt;sup&gt;mos&lt;/sup&gt; por &lt;em&gt;serenísimos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿cómo debemos escribirlas en contextos en los que todas las letras van en mayúscula?  Obviamente, hay una tecla con &lt;em&gt;º&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ª&lt;/em&gt; pero carecen de formas en mayúscula en Unicode (existe &lt;em&gt;ᴬ&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ᴼ&lt;/em&gt; en los bloques fonéticos pero no creo que se las deba usar en textos normales, y tampoco existen equivalentes para todas las letras del alfabeto español).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, digamos que tenemos que escribir lo siguiente (no tiene mucho sentido pero bueno...):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La testigo, Madre María del Barrio del Pilar, habló con el abogado Fernández, miembro de las Serenísimas Comisiones del Estado, quien le dio el Visto Bueno para su primer capítulo en el libro sobre la Compañía de Impuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cual, si quisiésemos abreviar al máximo, se abrevia en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La test.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;, M.&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; M.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; del B.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; del Pilar, habló con el abg.&lt;sup&gt;do&lt;/sup&gt; F.&lt;sup&gt;dez&lt;/sup&gt;, miembro de la Ser.&lt;sup&gt;ma&lt;/sup&gt; Com.&lt;sup&gt;ón&lt;/sup&gt; del Estado, quien le dio el V.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; B.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; para su 1.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt; cap.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; en el libro sobre la C.&lt;sup&gt;ía&lt;/sup&gt; de Imp.&lt;sup&gt;os&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en mayúsculas, ¿cómo debe aparecer? Veo dos opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opción A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  LA TEST.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;, M.&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; M.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; DEL B.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; DEL PILAR, HABLÓ CON EL ABG.&lt;sup&gt;do&lt;/sup&gt; F.&lt;sup&gt;dez&lt;/sup&gt;, MIEMBRO DE LA SER.&lt;sup&gt;ma&lt;/sup&gt; COM.&lt;sup&gt;ón&lt;/sup&gt; DEL ESTADO, QUIEN LE DIO EL V.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; B.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; PARA SU 1.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt; CAP.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; EN EL LIBRO SOBRE LA C.&lt;sup&gt;ía&lt;/sup&gt; DE IMP.&lt;sup&gt;os&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opción B&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  LA TEST.&lt;sup&gt;O&lt;/sup&gt;, M.&lt;sup&gt;E&lt;/sup&gt; M.&lt;sup&gt;A&lt;/sup&gt; DEL B.&lt;sup&gt;O&lt;/sup&gt; DEL PILAR, HABLÓ CON EL ABG.&lt;sup&gt;DO&lt;/sup&gt; F.&lt;sup&gt;DEZ&lt;/sup&gt;, MIEMBRO DE LA SER.&lt;sup&gt;MA&lt;/sup&gt; COM.&lt;sup&gt;ÓN&lt;/sup&gt; DEL ESTADO, QUIEN LE DIO EL V.&lt;sup&gt;O&lt;/sup&gt; B.&lt;sup&gt;O&lt;/sup&gt; PARA SU 1.&lt;sup&gt;ER&lt;/sup&gt; CAP.&lt;sup&gt;O&lt;/sup&gt; EN EL LIBRO SOBRE LA C.&lt;sup&gt;ÍA&lt;/sup&gt; DE IMP.&lt;sup&gt;OS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda me parece mejor, pero veo con muchísima frecuencia el poner (sobre todo) la &lt;em&gt;a volada&lt;/em&gt; en minúscula cuando las demás letras van en minúscula, pues no sé.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:50:35.353" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:50:35.353" Title="¿Cómo se escriben en contextos con mayúsculas las letras voladas?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19659" CreationDate="2017-02-08T21:23:20.667" Score="4" ViewCount="738" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that reírse (&quot;to laugh&quot;) is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; used with the reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;em&gt;me río&lt;/em&gt;. (I laugh.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él &lt;em&gt;se rió&lt;/em&gt;. (He laughed.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos reíamos&lt;/em&gt; durante toda la película. (We laughed during the entire movie.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand Spanish verbs, the reflexive can be used (as in this context) to change a transitive verb to an intransitive; i.e. as if the subject is performing the verb on himself/herself/itself.  This makes sense for &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt;, but now it seems that the reflexive is redundant and extraneous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing how &lt;em&gt;reírse&lt;/em&gt; is always intransitive anyway, I'm curious:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Could &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; be used without the reflexive, and/or could it be used transitively?  How might that translate to English (if at all)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T07:55:25.773" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:58:04.387" Title="Why does &quot;reírse&quot; always have reflexive?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19658" CreationDate="2017-02-08T23:35:29.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First things first:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; can be used without the &quot;reflexive&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; cannot be used transitively. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now on to the details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of the (formally reflexive) pronouns with verbs like &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; has been analyzed as a kind of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediopassive_voice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mediopassive voice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; construction that conveys a sense of action of the subject for the subject's own sake. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish grammar is presented traditionally as having two grammatical voices: active and passive, the latter being expressed &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periphrasis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;periphrastically&lt;/a&gt; by the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; plus the passive participle of the main verb. There are also phrases like &lt;em&gt;La puerta se cayó&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Se rompieron los platos&lt;/em&gt;, which are not exactly reflexive, and can be termed a form of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_(grammar)#Middle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;middle voice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally there are phrases where the &quot;reflexive&quot; pronoun is optional, as with &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; (yes, you can say &lt;em&gt;Reímos mucho&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;Nos reímos mucho&lt;/em&gt;, though the latter is much more common). These are usually of a kind that allow a mediopassive meaning of &lt;strong&gt;benefaction for the subject&lt;/strong&gt;. That's why you usually find &lt;em&gt;reírse&lt;/em&gt; instead of just &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt;, and also why you'll find people saying things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Me comí una pizza grande yo solo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Tus amigos se tomaron toda la cerveza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;No te imaginas lo que nos compramos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Fue de viaje y se trajo un montón de souvenirs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each of these examples the &quot;reflexive&quot; pronouns could all be removed and the sentences would still be perfectly grammatical, but they would sound either oddly distant or formal or missing the emotional touch that their context demands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things are not that clear-cut, of course (middle and mediopassive voice are somewhat blurry categories), but there you have it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDENDA: I realized I didn't reply to the last part of the question, because it seems to be tied to &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; as transitive verb, which is impossible, but I figure it could be useful to know how one might translate a &quot;self-benefactive&quot; mediopassive phrase of this kind into English. For &lt;em&gt;reír(se)&lt;/em&gt; this doesn't seem possible. In Spanish the closest thing would be something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reí para mí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Reí para mis adentros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which translate as &quot;I laughed [quietly] to myself&quot;. This doesn't convey the idea of &lt;em&gt;reírse&lt;/em&gt; and indeed it may imply exactly the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For transitive verbs that denote acquisition of goods the emotional expressiveness can be expressed in English, as in Spanish, with a pseudo-reflexive, although in a much more general way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fui a la tienda y &lt;strong&gt;me compré&lt;/strong&gt; el vestido más caro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I went to the store and &lt;strong&gt;got myself&lt;/strong&gt; the most expensive dress.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that there might be a problem translating cases like the following, where the subject does something that benefits themself (emotionally) but that is intended for other people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se trajo regalos para toda la familia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *&quot;He got himself gifts for the whole family.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T12:58:04.387" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:58:04.387" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19655" CreationDate="2017-02-09T00:24:44.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ha dicho Julio, &amp;quot;neblinoso&amp;quot; es el adjetivo para una atmósfera con mucha neblina.&#xA;Ante tu duda de &amp;quot;brumoso&amp;quot;, éste se usa cuando hay mucha bruma, que la RAE lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6BB5hPp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bruma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;bruma&lt;/em&gt; 'solsticio de invierno'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Niebla, y especialmente la que se forma sobre el mar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. desus. invierno (‖ estación del año).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro sinónimo, podría ser &amp;quot;nebuloso&amp;quot; en el caso de que quieras hablar de que hay mucha niebla. Todo depende del matiz entre niebla, neblina y bruma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14921" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T08:05:52.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-09T02:14:02.400" Score="3" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &quot;compliance hotline&quot; es una línea telefónica (o recurso similar) que algunas empresas tienen para que, por ejemplo, un trabajador pueda dar un &quot;chivatazo&quot; de forma anónima sobre algo ilegal, dudoso o contra las normas de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si ves que uno de tus colegas intenta sobornar a un posible cliente para que acepte un acuerdo o ves que uno de tus jefes humilla a uno de tus colegas por su condición sexual puedes usar este recurso y el departamento correspondiente de la empresa investigará el asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hotline&lt;/code&gt; puede ser traducido según el contexto como &quot;línea de asistencia&quot;, &quot;línea de soporte&quot; o &quot;línea informativa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Compliance&lt;/code&gt; puede traducirse como &quot;cumplimiento de normas&quot;, &quot;responsabilidad&quot; o &quot;conformidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al poner las dos cosas juntas lo mejor que me sale es &quot;línea (de asistencia o informativa) de conformidad legal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna manera de expresarlo en la que con menos palabras se exprese mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T10:16:05.330" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:03:06.493" Title="¿Cómo se traduce &quot;Compliance Hotline&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19661" CreationDate="2017-02-09T02:29:25.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nunca me ha tocado traducir la frase, pero a partir de la explicación he encontrado muchos sitios en Internet que utilizan &quot;línea directa de cumplimiento&quot;. Es bastante literal. Para mi gusto, le faltaría el concepto de &quot;seguimiento&quot; o &quot;comprobación&quot; de que se están cumpliendo las normas, y - a pesar de que la Internet no me avala - usaría con más beneplácito una frase como &quot;línea directa de verificación/control de cumplimiento&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podríamos decir algo así: &quot;línea directa de detección de incumplimientos/irregularidades/no conformidades&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T12:03:06.493" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:03:06.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19663" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19664" CreationDate="2017-02-09T08:58:26.690" Score="3" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para la pregunta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19657/12637&quot;&gt;las abreviaturas con letras voladas en contextos en mayúscula&lt;/a&gt;, me encuentro en el DPD con &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las abreviaturas que llevan letras voladas, el punto se escribe delante de estas: Sr.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 3.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt;. Si una abreviatura coincide con final de oración o de párrafo, el punto de la abreviatura sirve de punto final, de modo que solo se escribirá un punto y no dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, estas dos frases parece que se están contradiciendo a sí mismas. En la segunda se afirma que el punto de la abreviatura sirve como punto final. En la primera se afirma que en las abreviaturas con letras voladas el punto se escribe antes que estas. Pero la primera frase acaba con una abreviatura y tiene dos puntos: uno delante de la abreviatura y otro detrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto correcto? La frase no especifica que las abreviaturas con letras voladas sean una excepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T07:16:49.837" Title="¿Cuál es exactamente la regla para los puntos finales que coinciden con abreviaturas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19663" CreationDate="2017-02-09T08:58:26.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DPD (redactado en 2005), además de ser más antiguo que la última edición de la ortografía (que es de 2010), suele condensar las normas para que ocupen menos espacio. En la última edición de la ortografía podemos consultar &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=hMkzTaCmRDDatAaw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la norma completa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Únicamente si el punto abreviativo coincide con el del final de un enunciado, se escribirá un solo punto y no dos [...]. Si una abreviatura con letras voladas va situada al final de un enunciado, no debe omitirse su punto abreviativo, ya que no ocupa la última posición: &lt;em&gt;Siempre exige que delante de su nombre aparezca la abreviatura D.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T08:58:26.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19665" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19683" CreationDate="2017-02-09T09:10:55.017" Score="7" ViewCount="1447" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con las preguntas sobre abreviaturas, y usando la misma frase que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19663/12637&quot;&gt;en la pregunta anterior&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las abreviaturas que llevan letras voladas, el punto se escribe delante de estas: Sr.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 3.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que se deba poner un punto en &lt;em&gt;Sr.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, dado que &quot;Sr.&quot; es la abreviatura de &quot;señor&quot;, aunque luego siga una letra volada. Sin embargo, ¿la cifra &lt;em&gt;3&lt;/em&gt; de qué es abreviatura? Mi tendencia es a escribir &lt;em&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, sin punto, dado que un &lt;em&gt;3&lt;/em&gt; de por sí no es abreviatura de nada. Por tanto, ¿por qué se debe escribir un punto cuando la supuesta abreviatura está escrita con números? ¿Esta norma siempre ha sido así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por aclarar un poco más: mi consideración es que la letra volada tras los números no implica una abreviatura, sino un cambio en la forma de pronunciar el número:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;51:  Cincuenta y uno  &#xA;51º: Quincuagésimo primero&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entendería el punto si se escribiera así: &lt;em&gt;Quinc.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; prim.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (por poner un ejemplo forzado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2020-03-30T08:15:10.730" Title="¿Por qué se debe usar un punto en las abreviaturas con números?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19668" CreationDate="2017-02-09T11:23:50.807" Score="13" ViewCount="11445" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit confused: Is &quot;sugar&quot; &quot;la azúcar&quot; or &quot;el azúcar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If both are correct: Does it depend on the context? Are there more words where both articles can be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14855" LastEditorUserId="13101" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T22:42:28.940" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T22:42:28.940" Title="¿Es &quot;la azúcar&quot; o &quot;el azúcar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19657" CreationDate="2017-02-09T11:43:29.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues una vez consultada a la RAE vía Twitter, su respuesta ha sido &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/829648175564722176&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo normal es que las letras voladas mantengan su forma minúscula en los textos escritos en mayúsculas o versalita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en principio tu opción A sería la más adecuada. Nótese que la RAE dice &quot;lo normal&quot;, así que no habría que descartar totalmente tu opción B, simplemente dicen que la A se da con más frecuencia. Al parecer no hay una regla definida y se limitan a expresar lo que es más corriente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar apenas ejemplos por Internet. De hecho, el único que he encontrado es un documento francés que, efectivamente, lo hace como indica la RAE (nótese la abreviatura de &quot;etcétera&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Okt7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Okt7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&amp;amp;ra&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los siguientes ejemplos no contienen letras voladas (salvo uno, que no acierta a poner el punto en el sitio correcto), de hecho ni siquiera son contextos plenamente formales como puede ser el del documento anterior, pero podrás observar una cierta discrepancia a la hora de emplear mayúsculas o minúsculas en las abreviaturas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rEvqK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rEvqK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hermanos1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TtZWW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TtZWW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hermanos2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RmYGu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RmYGu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hermanos3&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ePLdU.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ePLdU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hermanos4&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vtZlY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vtZlY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hermanos5&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T07:42:40.210" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T07:42:40.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19666" CreationDate="2017-02-09T11:55:22.213" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; tells us:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=az%FAcar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;azúcar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. ‘Sustancia cristalizada usada para endulzar’. &lt;strong&gt;Es válido su uso en ambos géneros, aunque, si va sin especificativo, es mayoritario su empleo en masculino&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Mientras revolvíamos el azúcar, Alfonso tomó la palabra»&lt;/em&gt; (Ibargüengoitia Crímenes [Méx. 1979]); &lt;em&gt;«Se trató sin éxito de facilitar la inmigración de colonos [...] para fomentar el cultivo de la azúcar»&lt;/em&gt; (Silvestrini/LSánchez Puerto Rico [P. Rico 1987]). Cuando lleva un adjetivo especificativo, este puede ir asimismo en cualquiera de los dos géneros, aunque suele predominar el femenino: &lt;em&gt;«Les preparaban una exquisita compota acaramelada con azúcar prieta»&lt;/em&gt; (Sarduy Pájaros [Cuba 1993]); &lt;em&gt;«Puedes aromatizar la nata con azúcar avainillado»&lt;/em&gt; (Arguiñano Recetas [Esp. 1996]). En plural, lleve o no especificativo, es claramente mayoritario el masculino: &lt;em&gt;«Ponga el agua a calentar e incorpore ambos azúcares»&lt;/em&gt; (Domingo Sabor [Esp. 1992]). También es predominantemente masculino con el sentido de ‘hidrato de carbono simple’, tanto en singular como en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &lt;em&gt;it is valid to use both genders, although if no descriptive adjective is used the masculine form is the most usual&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note though that it also mentions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Este sustantivo &lt;strong&gt;tiene, además, la particularidad de admitir su uso con la forma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; del artículo y un adjetivo en forma femenina, a pesar de no comenzar por /a/ tónica&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Se ponen en una ensaladera las yemas y el azúcar molida»&lt;/em&gt; (Ortega Recetas [Esp. 1972]). Se trata de un resto del antiguo uso de la forma el del artículo ante sustantivos femeninos que comenzaban por vocal, tanto átona como tónica, algo que era normal en el español medieval (→ el, 2.1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &lt;em&gt;it also has the distinctive feature of allowing the use of the article&lt;/em&gt; el &lt;em&gt;and an adjective in the feminine form, even if [azúcar] does not begin with a stressed /a/&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your second question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there more words where both articles can be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=mar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. ‘Masa de agua salada’. &lt;strong&gt;Este sustantivo, neutro en latín, se ha usado en español en ambos géneros. En el español general actual es masculino&lt;/strong&gt;: «Estar cerca del mar, sobre el mar, por el mar. Siento ante él una sensación de libertad» (VMatas Suicidios [Esp. 1991]); &lt;strong&gt;pero entre las gentes de mar (marineros, pescadores, etc.) es frecuente su empleo en femenino, que también abunda en poesía&lt;/strong&gt;: «¿Y en días de temporal, cuando las olas embisten, cuando la mar se pone brava?» (Gironella Hombres [Esp. 1986]). De ahí que se emplee en femenino en las expresiones que describen su estado (mar arbolada, mar calma, mar gruesa, mar picada, mar rizada, mar tendida, etc.) o en locuciones propias del lenguaje marinero, como alta mar o hacerse a la mar. También es femenino en algunas otras frases o locuciones, como cagarse en la mar (para expresar enfado), pelillos a la mar (para expresar reconciliación) o la mar de (‘mucho o muy’). Sin embargo, es masculino en un mar de (‘abundancia o gran cantidad de’), que forma parte de las locuciones estar hecho un mar de dudas (‘dudar mucho’) o estar hecho un mar de lágrimas (‘llorar mucho’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &lt;em&gt;This noun, which is neutral in Latin, has been used in both genders in Spanish. In current Spanish it is masculine (...) but among sea people (sailors, fishermen, etc.) it is frequent to use it in the femenine, which is also the case in poetry&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:09:07.840" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19666" CreationDate="2017-02-09T12:28:02.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complete fedorqui's answer, there are a few more nouns which can be used indistinctly in the masculine or feminine form. They are called &quot;sustantivos ambiguos&quot; (see item 1(c) here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot;&gt;géneros del sustantivo&lt;/a&gt;). It should be noted that nouns are not considered to be ambiguous if their meaning changes depending on the gender used, as in this case we would be dealing with different nouns: &lt;em&gt;el cólera&lt;/em&gt; (the disease) / &lt;em&gt;la cólera&lt;/em&gt; (a state of mind) - &lt;em&gt;el editorial&lt;/em&gt; (an article) - &lt;em&gt;la editorial&lt;/em&gt; (a publishing house)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T12:28:02.590" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19666" CreationDate="2017-02-09T16:45:54.123" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The big authority on Spanish, the RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4gcuzQk&quot;&gt;lists&lt;/a&gt; the word as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nombre masculino o femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for me personally a bigger authority are the authors of books in Spanish over the decades and &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el%20az%C3%BAcar%2Cla%20az%C3%BAcar&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=5&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cel%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bel%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BEl%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cla%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bla%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BLa%20az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0%3B%3Bla%20Az%C3%BAcar%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;they hardly ever use&lt;/a&gt; (nowadays at least) &quot;la azúcar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qvQGe.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qvQGe.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14120" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T22:51:29.453" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T22:51:29.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19666" CreationDate="2017-02-09T18:07:35.447" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Native speaker here; though I appreciate the very thorough answers above that discuss if &quot;azúcar&quot; is feminine, masculine or neutral and what article corresponds to the grammatical gender, the actual reason why you'll see it written or spoken as &quot;el azúcar&quot; is due to trying to avoid the cacophony that using two stressed &quot;a&quot; sounds in &quot;la azúcar&quot; would have (same is the case for &quot;el águila&quot; vs &quot;la águila&quot; or &quot;el agua&quot; vs. &quot;la agua&quot;). There's a more thorough writeup I just googled here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://myspanishwordoftheday.com/category/vicios-linguisticos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://myspanishwordoftheday.com/category/vicios-linguisticos/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14928" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T18:07:35.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19673" CreationDate="2017-02-09T20:13:55.003" Score="10" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every similar example &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/niether+I+nor+her+saw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I've found&lt;/a&gt;  contains the expected 1st person plural (like &amp;quot;hemos visto&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm referring to this excerpt from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/la-casa-de-bernarda-alba-775125/html/6aef1659-90e7-443f-bd6c-a8fe62c4c04a_2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La casa de Bernarda Alba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by Federico García Lorca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchacha: (A Angustias) Pepe el Romano estaba con los hombres del&#xA;duelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angustias: Allí estaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bernarda: Estaba su madre. Ella ha&#xA;visto a su madre. &lt;strong&gt;A Pepe no lo ha visto ni ella ni yo&lt;/strong&gt;. Las mujeres en&#xA;la iglesia no deben mirar más hombre que al oficiante, y a ése porque&#xA;tiene faldas. Volver la cabeza es buscar el calor de la pana. (Dando&#xA;un golpe de bastón en el suelo.) ¡Alabado sea Dios!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, the noun closest to the verb dictates whether to use plural or singular in niether nor statements with singular being the default correct choice in English. My &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/1144/neither-michael-nor-albert-is-correct-or-neither-michael-nor-albert-are-corre&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt; is the English Stack Exchange which devolves into an argument about what is correct, the plural version used by all the native speakers based on usage statistics, or pedantic grammar books. My question still stands in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-19T17:19:50.617" LastActivityDate="2020-06-19T17:19:50.617" Title="Is this sentence from the famous poet Federico García Lorca a grammatical error? &quot;A Pepe no lo ha visto ni ella ni yo&quot;" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19672" CreationDate="2017-02-09T21:18:57.717" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;A Pepe no lo ha visto ni ella ni yo&quot; is, according to Spanish grammar, incorrect. In colloquial language the speaker might feel tempted to use the singular as a result of the phenomenon known as &quot;number by proximity&quot; if the noun or pronoun next to the verb &lt;strong&gt;and appearing after it&lt;/strong&gt; is singular (in which case the second noun or pronoun would probably be added as an afterthought), but if we stick to grammar rules, the plural form should be used: &quot;A Pepe no lo &lt;strong&gt;hemos&lt;/strong&gt; visto ni ella ni yo&quot;. The verb has to be used in first person plural in line with this principle: &lt;em&gt;si hay un pronombre de primera persona, la concordancia se establece en primera persona del plural: «¿Te acuerdas de aquel día en que bailamos Chema, tú y yo?» (Diosdado Trescientos [Esp. 1991]).&lt;/em&gt; (This is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;. See item 2 c).) None of the exceptions listed under 4) of the mentioned source applies in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B. I just realized by reading a comment that I took something for granted, and would like to make it explicit now: &quot;&lt;em&gt;ni...ni&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are coordinating conjunctions in Spanish, equivalent to &quot;not ... &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; not&quot;, so where item 2 c) of the source I cited starts with &quot;&lt;em&gt;Si entre dos o más elementos &lt;strong&gt;coordinados&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; it should be understood that &quot;&lt;em&gt;ni...ni&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are included in that definition. For the sake of clarity, here I found an article by &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Ni-ni.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Justo Fernández López&lt;/a&gt; that explains the question perfectly. (You may rest assured that any article by this man that you may find on the Internet is absolutely reliable. Notice that all his conclusions are based on RAE publications.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T00:10:27.470" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T00:10:27.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19676" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19677" CreationDate="2017-02-10T02:03:20.307" Score="4" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días, me surgió una duda acerca del uso de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; mientras mantenía una conversación. Más precisamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Aún no tengo profesor de ecuaciones diferenciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: Yo también no tengo profesor de ecuaciones diferenciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La duda surgió de la corrección que me hizo el interlocutor, pues mencionó que debí haber dicho &quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; tengo profesor de ecuaciones&quot; en lugar de &quot;Yo &lt;strong&gt;también no tengo&lt;/strong&gt; profesor de ecuaciones&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ambas formas son correctas o la que usé es errónea? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14339" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:38:28.593" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:38:28.593" Title="Acerca de la negación de un enunciado" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;negación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19676" CreationDate="2017-02-10T02:12:37.460" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que se usa &lt;code&gt;también&lt;/code&gt; para expresar semejanza o igualdad con una sentencia &lt;strong&gt;positiva&lt;/strong&gt;. Se usa &lt;code&gt;tampoco&lt;/code&gt; para expresar semejanza o igualdad con una sentencia &lt;strong&gt;negativa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=upRhBVh14D6CPrVZhk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE explica&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;code&gt;tampoco&lt;/code&gt; es un adverbio que se usa &amp;quot;para negar algo después de haberse negado otra cosa&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es por tanto &amp;quot;yo &lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; tengo&amp;quot;, ya que primero niega alguien tener profesor de ecuaciones y después negamos nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para usar &amp;quot;también&amp;quot; en  la segunda frase tendríamos que deshacernos de esa &amp;quot;negación después de una negación&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: No tengo profesor de ecuaciones diferenciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Yo también estoy sin uno./ Yo también estoy en esa situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso B no está usando una negación o sentencia negativa, y se usaría &lt;code&gt;también&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T02:19:07.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19678" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T04:34:05.510" Score="2" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been finding different translations for this sentence I want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No borders (plural) for this bird&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hay fronteras papa esta ave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read &quot;ave&quot; is used for the general expression of all birds, nothing specific, whereas &quot;pájaro&quot; expresses a zoological distinguishment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, I also read that &quot;pájaro&quot; could have a homosexual implication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No border (singular) for this bird&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sin frontera para este pájaro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ninguna frontera para este pájaro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do have a particular bird in mind and it is from Mexico, so I wish to get the correct translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me out with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14932" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T07:08:41.837" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T14:16:40.023" Title="Proper translation for &quot;no border for this bird&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T04:51:40.197" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;Noté la norma leyendo sobre Alta California. Las mujeres se llamaban María de los Ángeles, María Candida, María Ramona, etc., y los hombres, José Mariano, José Antonio, José Rafael, etc. Resulta algo raro cuando a alguien se lo llama por uno de aquellos nombres, porque es poco claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La costumbre provino, de alguna forma, de la fe católica del pueblo. ¿Dónde y cuándo se ha usado? ¿Siempre fue solamente con estos dos nombres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá, ¿eso tiene algo que ver con las famosas combinaciones de géneros, María José y José María?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T16:11:47.593" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T16:11:47.593" Title="¿Por qué era común que, en algunos lugares, todos se llamaran o María o José y se los llamara por el segundo nombre?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-02-11T21:32:17.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T11:49:37.330" Score="2" ViewCount="5259" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una palabra que gusta mucho en entornos empresariales, por motivos obvios, es &quot;proactivo&quot;. Hasta hace poco yo siempre me quejaba de que esa palabra no debía ser usada, puesto que no venía en el diccionario, y además en español tenemos la expresión &quot;tener iniciativa&quot;, que venía a decir lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ya me he quedado sin argumentos, puesto que en la última edición del diccionario tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UDj79Cj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;proactivo, va&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;proactive&lt;/em&gt;, creado por oposición a &lt;em&gt;reactive&lt;/em&gt; 'reactivo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Psicol. Que toma activamente el control y decide qué hacer en cada momento, anticipándose a los acontecimientos. &lt;em&gt;Persona, empresa proactiva.&lt;/em&gt; Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Psicol. Que implica acción o intervención activa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, se ha acabado añadiendo el anglicismo al diccionario. Sin embargo, ahora me entra la duda de si yo realmente tenía razón al indicar que &quot;una persona proactiva&quot; y &quot;una persona con iniciativa&quot; son la misma cosa. ¿Es así, o existen diferencias entre ambas? Si no es así, ¿existía alguna otra alternativa en español a la palabra &quot;proactivo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:39:19.910" Title="¿Es lo mismo &quot;ser proactivo&quot; que &quot;tener iniciativa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19684" CreationDate="2017-02-10T12:57:58.467" Score="0" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;De lluvia&quot; en &quot;hoy es un día de lluvia&quot; tiene una función similar a un adjetivo (es similar a decir &quot;hoy es un día lluvioso&quot;), pero ¿se puede decir que es un adjetivo? ¿O qué vendría a ser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T13:20:03.747" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:40:25.010" Title="¿Qué función tiene &quot;de lluvia&quot; en &quot;hoy es un día de lluvia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19665" CreationDate="2017-02-10T13:16:35.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KnmXkSYCFfBkASif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre las abreviaturas que incluyen letras voladas forman un grupo especial las que corresponden a los numerales ordinales, que se crean combinando la cifra que representa el número de orden con las terminaciones voladas &lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt;, que corresponden a la palabra numeral abreviada: &lt;em&gt;1.&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;2.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;segunda&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No explica el motivo, pero preguntada a la RAE en Twitter, me responden (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/829981998282334208&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parte 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/829987600953917440&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parte 2&lt;/a&gt;) lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La abreviatura de ordinales es un tipo especial de las abreviaturas formadas por contracción: por convención se inicia con cifra y se omite todo salvo la última letra, que va volada («3.º»). El punto indica abreviat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El quid de la respuesta es lo de &lt;strong&gt;&quot;por convención&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Lo que me hace pensar que guifa tiene razón en su comentario al afirmar que el punto no significa que el número sea una abreviatura, sino que lo que es una abreviatura es la letra volada que le sigue, y por tanto delante de la abreviatura (la letra volada) tiene que ir un punto. Es decir: por convención cualquier expresión que lleve una letra volada al final es una abreviatura y las abreviaturas siempre llevan punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:16:35.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19682" CreationDate="2017-02-10T13:23:41.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es, morfológicamente, una frase preposicional compuesta por preposición y sustantivo. Sintácticamente, es modificador indirecto, compuesto por nexo subordinante y término. Semánticamente tiene, como bien dices, valor adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T13:40:25.010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:40:25.010" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19681" CreationDate="2017-02-10T13:39:19.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ocurre con los sinónimos en general, siempre (o casi siempre) hay matices que hacen que las palabras o frases en cuestión no sean exactamente equivalentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, debemos decir  que &quot;proactivo&quot; como adjetivo es más equiparable a &quot;con iniciativa&quot;: Una persona &lt;strong&gt;proactiva&lt;/strong&gt; es una persona &lt;strong&gt;con iniciativa&lt;/strong&gt;, o una persona &lt;strong&gt;que tiene iniciativa.&lt;/strong&gt; (Nótese el uso de la frase preposicional y de la proposición relativa, ambas de valor adjetivo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, en mi opinión &quot;proactivo&quot; tiene mucho -- como bien dice la definición -- de adelantarse o anticiparse a los hechos. Una persona proactiva no espera que le den órdenes: observa la necesidad y pone manos a la obra sin esperar instrucciones. Alguien con iniciativa es, al igual que alguien proactivo, autónomo, pero su virtud radica más en la creatividad que en la anticipación. La diferencia -- si la hay -- es muy sutil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:39:19.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19678" CreationDate="2017-02-10T13:58:08.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un ave sin fronteras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un ave que no tiene / no conoce fronteras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No existen fronteras para esta ave.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If used in a metaphorical sense, it could refer to a free soul or spirit (un ser libre, sin ataduras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T14:16:40.023" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T14:16:40.023" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19687" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T17:56:51.730" Score="2" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're just having a discussion and we wanted to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I was enjoying speaking with you last night&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would we say this as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo disfrutaba hablar con usted anoche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo disfrutaba hablando con usted a noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are either of these correct? If so, what is the difference between them? I was under the impression you could only use the gerund after using estar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's valid, could I also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo disfruté hablar con usted anoche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo disfruté hablando con usted anoche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14939" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T19:53:51.263" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T21:44:04.637" Title="¿Puedo usar &quot;ando&quot; o &quot;iendo&quot; con verbos otra que &quot;estar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19690" CreationDate="2017-02-10T18:14:48.317" Score="2" ViewCount="6382" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en internet, me encuentro con que algunos artículos usan una palabra y otros otra. ¿Se puede decir de cualquiera de las dos formas, o una es incorrecta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="13101" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T15:06:39.227" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T15:06:39.227" Title="¿Cómo se dice, &quot;estructurización&quot; o &quot;estructuralización&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19687" CreationDate="2017-02-10T18:30:23.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd definitely use &quot;disfruté&quot; in both cases. I'd never use &quot;disfrutaba.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) &quot;Disfruté hablar&quot; means that the talk itself was the source of your enjoyment. &quot;hablar&quot; is the object: &quot;Lo disfruté&quot; (I enjoyed it), so here &quot;disfrutar&quot; is a transitive verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) &quot;Disfruté hablando&quot; (which is much less frequent) could be used to mean (a) or to mean that you enjoyed something else while you were talking to that person. The best translation would be: I had a good time/I enjoyed myself (while) talking to you (= as I talked to you) last night. Here &quot;disfrutar&quot; is intransitive and &quot;hablando&quot; is an adverbial of time or manner, depending on how that action is interpreted in connection with the enjoyment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T18:30:23.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19688" CreationDate="2017-02-10T19:08:31.563" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que sepa yo, no debe ser ninguno de los dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, trátase del prefijo común &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt;. Depende de cuándo entró la palabra puede ser un &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt; a secas, pero para neologismos, lo normal es formarlos a base de un verbo, usando &lt;em&gt;-ación&lt;/em&gt; para los verbos &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;-ición&lt;/em&gt; para los de &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt;, siendo incompatible con los verbos &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si la palabra debiese ser &lt;em&gt;estructuralización&lt;/em&gt;, tendría que ser a base del verbo &lt;em&gt;estructuralizar&lt;/em&gt;, que no figura registrada en el DRAE. Para &lt;em&gt;estructurización&lt;/em&gt;, sería a base de &lt;em&gt;estructurizar&lt;/em&gt;, que tampoco queda registrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sí está registrada la palabra &lt;em&gt;estructurar&lt;/em&gt;, significando &lt;em&gt;Articular, distribuir, ordenar las partes de unconjunto&lt;/em&gt; (DRAE). A esta base podemos añadirle el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ación&lt;/em&gt;  para darle el significado de &lt;em&gt;acción o efecto de articular...&lt;/em&gt;, y de hecho, dicha palabra está registrada en el DRAE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estructuración&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Acción y efecto de estructurar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que las dos que tienes no serían totalmente censurables, porque el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-izar&lt;/em&gt; (para convertir sustantivos o adjetivos en verbos) se podría aplicar al sustantivo &lt;em&gt;estructura&lt;/em&gt; o al adjetivo &lt;em&gt;estructural&lt;/em&gt; resultando en &lt;em&gt;estructurizar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estructuralizar&lt;/em&gt;, que con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ación&lt;/em&gt; nos podría llevar a &lt;em&gt;estructurización&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estructuralización&lt;/em&gt;. Pero ya que existe el verbo simple &lt;em&gt;estructurar&lt;/em&gt; y sobre todo que la se registra ya con el sufijo deseado, la mejor opción es emplear la sencilla &lt;strong&gt;estructuración&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T19:08:31.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19688" CreationDate="2017-02-10T19:10:52.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de la morfología indicarían que la palabra correcta es &quot;estructuralización&quot; (la acción de volver algo estructural). Mucho más común es, desde ya, &quot;estructuración&quot;, la acción de estructurar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estructura - Estructural - Estructuralizar - Estructuralización&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diámetro - Diametral - Diametralizar - Diametralización&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mina - Mineral - Mineralizar - Mineralización&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T19:10:52.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19687" CreationDate="2017-02-10T21:44:04.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish structure [&lt;em&gt;disfrutar&lt;/em&gt; + verb-infinitive] should be translated as [&lt;em&gt;enjoy&lt;/em&gt; + verb-&lt;em&gt;ing&lt;/em&gt;] in English, and vice versa, in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some English verbs, like &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;prefer&lt;/em&gt;, etc. that &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/gramatica/gramatica-britanica/verb-patterns/verb-patterns-verb-infinitive-or-verb-ing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;can take both&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;-verb or verb-&lt;em&gt;ing&lt;/em&gt;. In general these are both translated using the Spanish infinitive. If there's any difference in meaning between the two English forms, it'll be lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that your doubt stems from the fact that in English the &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form (or gerund) can often be used as a verbal noun, while in other cases it functions as the present participle. The Spanish gerund (&lt;em&gt;-ando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-iendo&lt;/em&gt;) doesn't do such double duty. Sometimes (as explained in another answer) you can have a gerund after some verbs like &lt;em&gt;disfrutar&lt;/em&gt;, but it's not that usual, and the meaning is a bit different (in this case the gerund acts a complement of manner).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can&lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; use a gerund after most of those Spanish verbs that can take an infinitive. In the following examples, the first sentence is OK and the second is wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gustó hablar contigo&lt;/em&gt;.✓ | &lt;em&gt;Me gustó *hablando contigo.&lt;/em&gt;✗&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero comer solo.&lt;/em&gt;✓ | &lt;em&gt;Prefiero *comiendo solo.&lt;/em&gt;✗&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elegimos no tener hijos.&lt;/em&gt;✓ | &lt;em&gt;Elegimos no *teniendo hijos.&lt;/em&gt;✗&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unrelated to the actual details of your question, but having to do with it in a sense: yes, you can use the gerund (&lt;em&gt;-ando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-iendo&lt;/em&gt; forms) with at least one verb other than &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; using the same structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya vamos llegando.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;We're getting there already.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se fue derrumbando de a pedacitos.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;It fell apart by bits and pieces.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note again that [&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; + gerund] has nothing to do with [&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive]! The former is used for an ongoing process, while the latter is a future construction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T21:44:04.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19704" CreationDate="2017-02-11T03:35:32.377" Score="6" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un(a) &lt;code&gt;driveway&lt;/code&gt; es el acceso para el coche a una casa (o más bien, al garaje o a la parte &quot;privada&quot; de la propiedad). Dependiendo del tamaño o tipo de casa esta puede ser más o menos larga o terminar en el garaje, patio trasero o algún otro tipo de area (que puede ser común, dependiendo del tipo de casa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/maps/@42.3939675,-71.132102,3a,75y,287h,90t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sgHIdDd1zyuHDtBg2uTwNyA!2e0!7i13312!8i6656!6m1!1e1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo ilustrativo de &lt;em&gt;driveway&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que se llama &lt;code&gt;vado&lt;/code&gt; a la parte de la acera enfrente del &lt;em&gt;driveway&lt;/em&gt; que es más baja que la acera para facilitar la entrada y salida de los vehículos. Creo que se puede denominar &quot;paso de carruajes&quot; o &quot;paso de vehículos&quot; al acceso que conecta la calle con el garaje en un bloque de viviendas, pero tengo la duda de si ese término se aplicaría para un &quot;residential driveway&quot; como los mostrados en el link de ejemplo (es decir, el de una casa unifamiliar o un &lt;em&gt;condominio&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de un bloque de pisos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usaría también &quot;paso de carruajes/vehículos&quot; o hay algún otro término más apropiado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T15:06:31.243" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T13:13:58.903" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;driveway&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10617" CreationDate="2017-02-11T21:46:01.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as with most grammar rules, there are exceptions to the rule that you cannot have two verbs conjugated in preterit with &lt;code&gt;mientras&lt;/code&gt;. Here's an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras estuvo enfermo no le faltaron visitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(While he was sick he had plenty of visitors.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example is from the book &amp;quot;El subjuntivo en español&amp;quot; by María Ángeles Sastre Ruano (Ediciones Colegio de España, 1997). Page 154.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14944" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T02:55:28.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19599" CreationDate="2017-02-11T22:15:53.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;buenos consejos&quot; is plural in Spanish, unlike the non-count &quot;advice&quot; in English. We also have the singular &quot;buen consejo&quot; to refer to a single piece of advice. In a parents-children relationship, one would expect several pieces of good advice to be (or to have been) given/received. Bearing this in mind, in Spanish one would normally find your question (1) &quot;¿Te han dado &lt;strong&gt;buenos consejos&lt;/strong&gt; tus padres?&quot;, or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) ¿Te han dado &lt;strong&gt;algún buen consejo&lt;/strong&gt; tus padres? (Have your parents given you any good advice (i.e. throughout your life)?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The singular indeterminate &quot;un buen consejo&quot; would be infrequent in questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to (1) could be, as guifa said in a comment, &quot;Me los han dado&quot;. An intensifier could even be used to emphasize the multiple recommendations received: &quot;Me han dado &lt;strong&gt;muchos buenos consejos&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to (2) would normaly focus on some specific advice, for example: &quot;Sí, me aconsejaron que complete mi estudios&quot;. (Yes, they advised me to complete my education.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T22:15:53.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19697" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19703" CreationDate="2017-02-12T14:25:31.373" Score="3" ViewCount="1461" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy jugando con mi hijo mayor estábamos haciendo como que rescatábamos a un grupo de coches prisioneros de un malvado camión de basura. A la hora de poner a los coches en libertad, me salió decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Estamos libres!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero luego me quedé pensando en que la expresión común en estas situaciones es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Somos libres!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y claro, luego ya me quedé extrañado, dado que aunque esta segunda expresión es la que mejor me suena (al menos en la literatura), lo suyo sería usar la primera dado que se acaba de producir un cambio en la situación de los prisioneros (cambio de condición de prisionero a en libertad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se debe que se puedan usar los dos verbos en este caso? ¿Cuál de los dos sería el más adecuado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T09:24:35.543" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T09:24:35.543" Title="Uso de ser/estar cuando alguien es liberado" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19697" CreationDate="2017-02-12T15:14:47.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;ser libre&quot; es, en efecto, más común que &quot;estar libre&quot;. Google books arroja estos resultados que, aunque no son determinantes para llegar a una conclusión categórica, ya nos dan algún indicio de frecuencia de uso (es sólo una búsqueda preliminar, ya que para una búsqueda más exhaustiva deberíamos intentar con otras formas de &quot;ser&quot; y &quot;estar&quot; y con el plural &quot;libres&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;estar libre&quot;&#xA;About 43,400 results (0.63 seconds)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ser libre&quot;&#xA;About 237,000 results (0.23 seconds) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;estar libre&quot; parecería requerir un complemento de régimen: &quot;¡Estamos libres del malvado camión de basura!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ser libre&quot; parecería ser una expresión más independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para marcar el cambio de estado, de la esclavitud a la libertad, y dejar en claro la acción de haber sido liberado, podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ya somos libres!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T15:14:47.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19700" CreationDate="2017-02-12T19:52:19.697" Score="3" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;Cuando ellos, el hablante y el oyente, conocen el tema&quot;, supongo que &quot;ellos&quot; es el sujeto y &quot;el tema&quot; es el objeto directo. Entonces que serían &quot;el hablante y el oyente&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T01:07:04.887" Title="Que serían &quot;el hablante y el oyente&quot; en la frase &quot;Cuando ellos, el hablante y el oyente, conocen el tema&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19699" CreationDate="2017-02-12T21:17:07.077" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sujeto no es &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt;, sino la frase completa &lt;em&gt;ellos, el hablante y el oyente&lt;/em&gt;. El pronombre &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt; por sí solo forma el núcleo del sujeto; el resto es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aposici%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;aposición&lt;/a&gt; que aclara o especifica al núcleo, como en los ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos, grandes y pequeños, entendieron lo que quería decir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi hermana, la que trabaja en el hospital, está embarazada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El presidente del directorio, el Sr. González, ha decidido renunciar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T21:17:07.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-12T23:51:02.960" Score="2" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning now the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27KsV2MUKGU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;numbers in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, but I would like to understand something.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When I see the numbers names between 11-19 in Spanish, then I've noticed that is a portmanteau of the number plus the suffix &quot;ce&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Once&lt;/em&gt; is 11, because it is &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; + the suffix &quot;ce&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Doce&lt;/em&gt; = 12 (&lt;em&gt;doce&lt;/em&gt; + &quot;ce&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trece&lt;/em&gt; = 13 (&lt;em&gt;tres&lt;/em&gt; + &quot;ce&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Catorce&lt;/em&gt; = 14 (&lt;em&gt;cuatro&lt;/em&gt; + &quot;ce&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when we come to number &lt;strong&gt;15&lt;/strong&gt;, unlike the previous numbers, then I don't find the explanation of the relation between &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cinco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and the name &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quince&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. What is the explanation for that?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s8gBW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s8gBW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14338" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T09:48:07.023" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T09:48:07.023" Title="What is the relation between &quot;quince&quot; and &quot;cinco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19701" CreationDate="2017-02-12T23:57:33.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cinco&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Latin &lt;em&gt;quinque&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuatro&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Latin &lt;em&gt;quattuor&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time the spelling follows the general pronunciation, and you get modifications as you mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14952" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T01:45:46.557" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T01:45:46.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19697" CreationDate="2017-02-13T04:28:09.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como en general con &lt;em&gt;ser/estar&lt;/em&gt;, se trata de ver si es una condición permanente-inherente o transitoria-circunstancial. Una regla simple en este caso para determinar qué verbo usar es ver cuál se usa en el significado contrapuesto. Si vemos la definición del DRAE para &lt;em&gt;libre&lt;/em&gt; encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que no &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; esclavo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que no &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; preso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En contraposición a &lt;em&gt;ser esclavo&lt;/em&gt;, diremos &lt;em&gt;ser libre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En contraposición a &lt;em&gt;estar preso&lt;/em&gt;, diremos &lt;em&gt;estar libre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notar que no podemos decir &lt;em&gt;está esclavo&lt;/em&gt;❌, ni &lt;em&gt;es preso&lt;/em&gt;❌.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, lo que te salió decir en primer término es correcto, si dejas de estar priso, &lt;em&gt;estás libre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T04:28:09.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19693" CreationDate="2017-02-13T08:31:33.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien dices, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bFVAOtK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vado&lt;/a&gt; es la &quot;modificación de las aceras y bordillos de las vías públicas para facilitar el acceso de los vehículos a los locales y viviendas&quot;. Por lo que hablaríamos de la modificación de la acera y no del camino en sí. Creo que la opción más genérica para &lt;em&gt;driveway&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vía de acceso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, siendo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=biXBkO2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; una &quot;calzada construida para la circulación rodada&quot;, con lo cual hacemos referencia a un paso específico para vehículos. Opciones como &quot;sendero&quot; o &quot;camino de acceso&quot; pueden hacer referencia a caminos en general, por ejemplo para personas y no para vehículos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, la opción que da el traductor de Google es &lt;em&gt;entrada de coches&lt;/em&gt;, aunque tal vez &lt;em&gt;entrada de vehículos&lt;/em&gt; quede mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T08:31:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19706" CreationDate="2017-02-13T11:25:32.750" Score="1" ViewCount="513" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eLJXam.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eLJXam.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Imagen con las palabras&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando mi diccionario favorito leo.org no pude ver cuál es la diferencia entre las dos palabras. Hay una traducción para &lt;em&gt;horno&lt;/em&gt;, pero no conoce &lt;em&gt;forno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que hay una diferencia seguramente, véase la imagen arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9014" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T11:34:19.773" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T12:41:15.287" Title="&quot;Al horno&quot; vs &quot;al forno&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19705" CreationDate="2017-02-13T12:41:15.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cacahuetes al horno&quot; es el nombre del producto en español.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Amendoins no forno&quot; es el nombre del producto en portugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a la proximidad de España y Portugal, la mayoría de comida envasada viene etiquetada tanto en español como en portugués. Lo puedes comprobar en los snacks, en los paquetes de cereales, en los zumos, en la leche, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Normalmente&lt;/em&gt; el texto en español tiene un tamaño de letra mayor, como en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T12:41:15.287" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-13T12:41:15.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19697" CreationDate="2017-02-13T13:13:40.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ser libre&quot; se refiere casi exclusivamente a la condición de libertad de la persona.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en el caso que has mencionado: los coches estaban presos, luego no eran libres; tras ser liberados, tu intuición es correcta y corresponde la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Somos libres! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También lo puedes usar para hablar por ejemplo de la libertad de pensamiento o de movimiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy libre de pensar lo que me dé la gana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Soy libre para ir a donde quiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Estar libre&quot; se usa normalmente como sinónimo de &quot;estar disponible&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si tu hijo mayor te pregunta si podéis volver a jugar mañana, y no tienes nada que hacer, puedes responderle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, mañana estoy libre, puedo jugar contigo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera, si no tienes pareja y alguien te pregunta si mantienes alguna relación, podrías responder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no tengo pareja, ahora mismo estoy libre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(aunque quedaría un poco frío).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;También se puede usar &quot;estar libre de algo&quot; para indicar un cierto tipo de inocencia&lt;/strong&gt;, sobre todo en expresiones de origen religioso, como en la famosa frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Quien esté libre de pecado, que tire la primera piedra!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros usos similares a este serían: estar libre de culpa, estar libre de sospecha, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T13:13:40.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19672" CreationDate="2017-02-13T14:48:16.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way it is wrote, it is indeed incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think it could be correct with a single pause in between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Pepe no lo ha visto; ni ella ni yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be correct if one includes some parts that would normally be omitted in casual conversation (this is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsis_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ellipsis&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Pepe no lo ha visto (ella); ni ella (lo ha visto) ni yo (tampoco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T22:04:58.327" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T22:04:58.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19657" CreationDate="2017-02-13T15:59:56.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo también lo consulté a la RAE y me ha llegado la respuesta hoy mismo diciendo lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/djSCa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/djSCa.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, aunque no existe una regla, se recomienda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que las letras voladas mantengan su forma minúscula en los textos escritos en mayúsculas o versalitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14921" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T15:59:56.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19712" CreationDate="2017-02-13T20:16:14.287" Score="1" ViewCount="878" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba tratando de aprender un poquito de japonés y me encuentro que entre los tantos tiempos verbales que tienen, uno es &quot;condicional&quot; y otro &quot;potencial&quot; con distintas conjugaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me fijo en nuestro idioma a ver a qué formas se refieren estos tiempos verbales para poder entender de qué se trata y me encuentro con &lt;a href=&quot;https://proyectosantelmo.wordpress.com/2008/07/26/condicionalpotencial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una página&lt;/a&gt; en donde habla del tiempo &quot;condicional o potencial simple&quot; y &quot;condicional o potencial compuesto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, en español, la forma condicional y potencial, ¿se refiere a los mismos tiempos verbales o son distintos tiempos verbales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T07:46:26.027" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T07:46:26.027" Title="¿Son las formas potencial y condicional de un verbo en español los mismos tiempos verbales?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19710" CreationDate="2017-02-13T21:17:57.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;potencial&quot; tiene varios significados. Dejando de lado los significados relativos a la gramática, que directamente le dan a la palabra el sentido de &quot;condicional&quot;, centrémonos en estos otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Trg1grH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;potencial&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. adj. Que puede suceder o existir, en contraposición de lo que existe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. m. Fuerza o poder disponibles de determinado orden. &lt;em&gt;Potencial militar, económico, industrial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción 4 hace referencia al significado de &quot;potencial&quot; tal y como se entiende en español. Algo que tiene potencial es algo que podría llegar a ser. Fíjate que con &quot;podría llegar a ser&quot; ya estoy usando el condicional. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me defendería en inglés si lo practicara un poco más (soy un hablante de inglés en potencia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me lo comería, pero ya no tengo más hambre (soy un comilón en potencia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la acepción 7 hace referencia a una fuerza ya disponible en la actualidad. Esa acepción es la que se usa cuando se aprende japonés. Para ellos el potencial es la capacidad de poder hacer algo (en el presente). Así, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hanasu (hablar) - Hanaseru (ser capaz de hablar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iku (ir) - Ikeru (ser capaz de ir)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Watashi wa nihongo wo hanaseru (yo puedo hablar japonés, tengo la capacidad (potencia) para ello).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T21:17:57.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16556" CreationDate="2017-02-13T22:12:36.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es el equivalente a decir en Argentina &quot;es de madera&quot;. Como dijo otro comentario, es porque son lentos, o directamente y hablando mas general, no es bueno en lo que está haciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12537" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:59:36.537" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:59:36.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5236" CreationDate="2017-02-14T02:10:11.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el norte de México, se escucha muy seguido &quot;pistear&quot; en sentido de &quot;to go out and party&quot; especialmente cuando se trata de visitar a muchos lugares distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14961" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T02:10:11.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19720" CreationDate="2017-02-14T02:42:45.383" Score="3" ViewCount="568" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentence in English: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mike passes Violet to Victoria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, Violet is the direct object and Victoria is the indirect object. When translating this to Spanish, I would write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mike pasa a Violet a Victoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this construction correct? The first &quot;a&quot; preceding Violet is placed where it is because Violet is a person who is also the direct object. Now, suppose I wanted to include a direct object pronoun to reference Violet, but still clarify Violet is the direct object. In this case, I would write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mike la pasa a Violet a Victoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this still correct? Pending everything so far is correct, suppose I finally want to forget whom Mike passed Violet to, so I drop the indirect object 'Victoria' and write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mike la pasa a Violet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this last sentence a correct translation of &quot;Mike passes Violet&quot;? If so, isn't it ambiguous if Violet is the direct or indirect object? Truly, given the sentence &quot;Mike la pasa a Violet,&quot; I would translate it as &quot;Mike passes it to Violet&quot; if given no contextual information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Are the first two translations into Spanish correct translations of the sentence &quot;Mike passes Violet to Victoria.&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Is the sentence &quot;Mike la pasa a Violet&quot; ambiguous in what role (direct or indirect object) Violet has within the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14517" LastEditorUserId="14517" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T02:49:38.407" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:28:46.027" Title="Direct object clarification while using the verb pasar" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19717" CreationDate="2017-02-14T03:27:01.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule says that when you have a personal direct object (DO) and an indirect one (IO), the preposition &quot;a&quot; that would normally precede the direct object can be &quot;sacrificed&quot; to avoid ambiguity (in your sentence, the one &quot;passed&quot; -- presumably a baby -- takes no &quot;a&quot;, and the one to whom the DO is &quot;passed&quot;, that is, the IO, takes &quot;a&quot;). However, this is not possible when the DO is a proper name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See 1.2. (d) &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;d) Cuando el complemento directo de persona precedido de preposición coincide en la oración con otro complemento que también la lleva (por ejemplo, un complemento indirecto), puede omitirse la que antecede al complemento directo, para evitar confusiones: Presentó (a) su novio a sus padres. Pero si el complemento directo es un nombre propio, es forzoso el uso de la preposición: Presentó a Juan a sus padres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;presentar&quot; is actually a more natural and likely verb to be used when two people are involved as objects of an action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a baby is being passed, I wouldn't use her name but the common noun: &quot;Mike pasa la beba a Victoria&quot; or &quot;Mike le pasa la beba a Victoria.&quot; All the other sentences sound both terrible and confusing to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T03:42:35.047" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T03:42:35.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19717" CreationDate="2017-02-14T03:49:19.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a potential source of ambiguity, and although the sentence you have sounds rather odd, there are ways of removing all ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the first part of your question, yes, &quot;Mike pasa a Violet a Victoria&quot; is an accurate, if ambiguous translation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;Mike la pasa a Violet a Victoria&quot; is not, because the direct object pronoun cannot generally coappear with an post-verbal explicit object pronoun.  This is different from the indirect object pronouns that are generally quite commonly included redundantly (&quot;Mike le pasa a Violet a Victoria&quot;), but that still doesn't make our sentence unambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because we have a name, we are not able to take advantage of the rule that lets us drop the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; for animate objects and must introduce both Violet and Victoria with it.  That said, there is still another trick we can use to remove the ambiguity.  If an explicit direct or indirect object appears pre-verbally, there &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be a corresponding (and redundant) object pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Victoria le pasa a Violet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A Violet la pasa a Victoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both of these cases, we know for a fact who is the indirect and the direct object (n.b.: that still doesn't make them sound good).  Because Victoria is positioned before the verb, we must include the object pronoun we associate with her.  In the first sentence, by including &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; we know that she must thus be the indirect object pronoun and Violet ends up being the direct.  In the second, the opposite happens: because we have &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; we know that Violet must be the direct object and Victoria the indirect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other strategies you can use, if you absolutely must name both people, and depending on the exact verb, could include substituting the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; for the indirect object (for example, &lt;em&gt;Mike pasa a Violet para Victoria&lt;/em&gt;).  This &lt;em&gt;technically&lt;/em&gt; means there isn't an indirect object anymore, but that's more of a pedantic distinction.  Some verbs this sounds better with than others.  You could also use the direct object's proper name as an appositive for some other descriptive noun, such as &quot;Mike pasa su amiga, Violet, a Victoria&quot; which enables the deletion of the &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, in general, it's best to avoid these situations.  The only time they really come up is, as in Gustavson's sentences, the verb &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt; where ultimately it doesn't make a huge difference anyways who's being introduced to whom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your last question, in the sentence &quot;Mike la pasa a Violet&quot;, Violet is definitively the indirect object, because we have a direct object pronoun that cannot coappear with an explicit direct object after the verb.  Thus the only interpretation is that Mike passed something/someone (the &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;) to Violet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T03:49:19.287" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19721" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-14T03:54:07.780" Score="6" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como padre de un crío de dos años y medio, he ido ya a bastantes &lt;code&gt;singalongs&lt;/code&gt;. En estas actividades los niños cantan lo que saben o lo que pueden (dependiendo de la edad) diferentes canciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca me dio por buscar una traducción de &lt;code&gt;singalong&lt;/code&gt; pensando que sería algo así como &quot;canta conmigo&quot; o &quot;cantajuegos&quot; (aunque creo que estos son artistas musicales en España), pero el otro día viendo un video en YouTube la artista decía a sus fans &quot;let's have a little singalong&quot;. Así que es también un &quot;singalong&quot; cuando coreas o cantas las canciones de tu artista favorito en un concierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición del diccionario para singalong es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an informal occasion when people sing together in a group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=singalong&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; lo traduce como &lt;code&gt;acompañamiento&lt;/code&gt;, pero a mi ese término me suena a &quot;hacer los coros&quot;. En un concierto, tanto de críos como de adultos, alguien lleva la voz cantante (nunca mejor dicho) y otros le siguen o acompañan, cierto, pero de acuerdo a la definición se pueden dar muchas otras circunstancias (como en un coro o en una improvisación) donde no hay una persona o grupo que sirva de referencia a los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna traducción para &lt;code&gt;singalong&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;code&gt;sing-along&lt;/code&gt;) en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T17:13:33.980" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T10:54:16.787" Title="What's Spanish for &quot;Singalong&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19723" CreationDate="2017-02-14T05:34:36.693" Score="4" ViewCount="1797" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless an accent is present, the stress falls on the second to last syllable when a word ends in a vowel, N, or S. But Z seems to &quot;want&quot; to follow this rule as well. In almost every name ending in a Z the stress is moved to the second to last syllable by an accent. The same pattern seems to show up a lot in common nouns. Since this is the case, why didn't the Royal Academy expand the stress rules to include Z alongside S and N?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A menos que haya una tilde presente, el acento recae en la penúltima sílaba cuando una palabra termina en vocal, N o S. Pero parece como si Z &quot;quisiera&quot; seguir esta regla también. Casi todos los nombres que terminan en Z mueven el acento a la penúltima sílaba mediante una tilde. El mismo patrón parece darse mucho en nombres comunes. Siendo este el caso, ¿por qué la Real Academia no amplió las reglas de acentuación para incluir la Z junto con la S y la N?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8690" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T15:20:18.693" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T22:12:54.720" Title="Why are S and Z treated differently by the rules for stress?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19722" CreationDate="2017-02-14T07:04:05.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;While many surnames ending in &lt;code&gt;-ez&lt;/code&gt; are stressed on the second to last syllable, most words ending in &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; are stressed on the last. Many of those words come from applying the suffix &lt;code&gt;-ez&lt;/code&gt; to a noun to form an adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;redondo&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;redondez&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;estúpido&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;estupidez&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;..etc. But, in general, not even counting them, there are more words ending in &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; stressed on the last syllable than otherwise (off the top of my head, I can only think of &lt;code&gt;lápiz&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;pómez&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule makes sense, because it minimizes the amount of words needing a written accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T07:04:05.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19722" CreationDate="2017-02-14T13:18:33.947" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Orthographic rules are historical conventions accreted over time and they're not always optimized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the rule treats penultimate-stressed words (&lt;em&gt;palabras graves&lt;/em&gt;) as the default, so they don't need an ortographical accent, unless they end in a consonant, &lt;strong&gt;except &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; Why? In terms of optimization (least number of accents), it makes sense because most nouns form their plurals in &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; and finite verb forms always end in a vowel, or &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in historical terms, these two final consonants (serving those functions) descend from Latin forms where the stress was, as today, often on the penultimate syllable. This is in contrast with, for example, the verb infinitives, which in Vulgar Latin ended in &lt;em&gt;-áre, -ére, -íre&lt;/em&gt;, so that when the final &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; was lost the stress pattern shifted (from &lt;em&gt;grave&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;agudo&lt;/em&gt;). The same thing ocurred with many other words now ending in consonants other than &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;: the original Latin usually was penult-stressed and lost its ending (vowel + optional consonant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that for most words the origin of modern &lt;em&gt;-z&lt;/em&gt; is generally a Vulgar Latin ending &lt;em&gt;-cis&lt;/em&gt; for adjectives (which is the accusative ending for adjectives ending in &lt;em&gt;-x&lt;/em&gt;), and, for the common noun-forming suffix &lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt;, the Latin &lt;em&gt;-átis&lt;/em&gt;. These were always penult-stressed: &lt;em&gt;capácis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;velócis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;procácis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;naríces&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;narícem&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;stupiditátis&lt;/em&gt;. When the final syllable was eroded and lost, these all kept the stress on the same syllable and so predictably shifted from &lt;em&gt;graves&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;agudas&lt;/em&gt;. So it &quot;made sense&quot; to stipulate that final &lt;em&gt;-z&lt;/em&gt; moved the stress with it, I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can test this idea by looking at the etymologies of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laspalabras.net/que_terminan_en_z.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish words ending in &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T13:18:33.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19721" CreationDate="2017-02-14T14:33:27.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, lo normal sería ajustar la frase para usar el verbo &quot;cantar&quot;. Usando un ejemplo parecido al que indicas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now let's have a little singalong!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posibles traducciones serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora ¡vamos a cantar!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Ahora cantemos juntos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso específico en que estemos usando &lt;em&gt;singalong&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;karaoke&lt;/em&gt; (he visto usarlo así en varias ocasiones, sobre todo en vídeos de internet), en español igual que en inglés se usa la palabra japonesa, karaoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T10:54:16.787" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T10:54:16.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19722" CreationDate="2017-02-14T15:09:14.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the z-ending names you are probably thinking of, are surnames ending in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronymic#Iberian_peninsula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patronymic surnames in Spain&lt;/a&gt; have been formed by adding the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; suffix to a name, and these surnames have retained the accent in the same syllabe than the original names. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Martín&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; Mart'in -&gt; Mart'in-ez -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Martínez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sancho&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; S'ancho -&gt; S'anch-ez -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sánchez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hernándo&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; Hern'ando -&gt; Hern'and(o)-ez -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Hernández&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gonzalo&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; Gonz'alo -&gt; Gonz'al(o)-ez -&gt; &lt;em&gt;González&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is not that z-ending words &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; to be second-to-last accented, it's just that most z-ending surnames are pronounced like that because of the name they come from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And regarding your impression that this happens &lt;em&gt;a lot&lt;/em&gt; in common names... Well: of the 488 z-ending words linked in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19724/13628&quot;&gt;pablodf76's answer&lt;/a&gt;, only 15 of them are common words (not surnames) which have an ortographic accent at all, so not exactly common. (The list itself is very questionable, but it serves as an example.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T22:12:54.720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T22:12:54.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19730" CreationDate="2017-02-14T15:28:23.027" Score="3" ViewCount="1554" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://deportes.elpais.com/deportes/2017/02/14/actualidad/1487078682_473794.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una noticia&lt;/a&gt; cuando di con el siguiente párrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La situación deportiva de Roman Zozulya podría resolverse en los próximos días. Todo depende de las gestiones que el entorno del futbolista está realizando para encontrar acomodo al delantero en su país, en concreto en el Dnipro. &lt;strong&gt;El caso del jugador, algo enrevesado, está de la siguiente forma.&lt;/strong&gt; Después de múltiples indagaciones, la FIFA ha dado su consentimiento para (...). El máximo organismo internacional ha realizado (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, tras unas líneas introductorias, el periodista procede a detenerse para dar paso a una explicación. Esto yo lo habría fijado con dos puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) El caso está de la siguiente &lt;strong&gt;forma: después&lt;/strong&gt; de múltiples indagaciones...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, veo la complejidad del asunto (gramatical, pues el futbolístico lo dejo aparte). En efecto, se trata de una explicación larga que necesita de distintas frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como si dijéramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí me gustan los fines de &lt;strong&gt;semana:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;dos puntos&lt;/sub&gt; voy a patinar, pero también disfruto de dormir mucho. Además, siempre intento ver películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ámbito de acción de los dos puntos parece lo que viene inmediatamente después y hasta el punto, por lo que entiendo que escribir lo siguiente (de acuerdo con la técnica del periodista) podría tener sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí me gustan los fines de &lt;strong&gt;semana.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;punto y seguido&lt;/sub&gt; Voy a patinar, pero también disfruto de dormir mucho. Además, siempre intento ver películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿Hay alguna regla al respecto? ¿Aplican los dos puntos a solamente lo indicado en el texto inmediatamente después de los dos puntos y hasta el primer punto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T16:19:09.857" Title="¿Es correcto escribir un punto antes de empezar una explicación?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18303" CreationDate="2017-02-14T16:05:55.890" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta era si la RAE decía algo al respecto sobre el uso repetido de los dos puntos en una frase. &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QnXogrDATdkAkhJv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Copio a continuación&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dificulta asimismo la percepción de las relaciones entre las unidades lingüísticas, y debe, por ello, evitarse, el uso repetido de los dos puntos en un mismo enunciado [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se recomienda en estos casos buscar soluciones que eviten la repetición, como el empleo de otro signo de puntuación en lugar de los dos puntos [...] o la modificación de la redacción [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto sí, se debe evitar la redacción del ejemplo planteado en la pregunta. Otra cosa es cuando la repetición se debe a que cada aparición de los dos puntos está en un discurso diferente. Expone la RAE el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wallace lo cuenta en su autobiografía: &quot;Me planteé una pregunta: ¿Por qué unos mueren y otros sobreviven?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos contextos la repetición no dificulta la percepción de las dependencias sintácticas entre los constituyentes del enunciado, y son por tanto admisibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T16:05:55.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19728" CreationDate="2017-02-14T16:19:09.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que sí es correcto. En la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt;, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KMzDTFipKxfqUNmY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el epígrafe sobre los dos puntos&lt;/a&gt;, podemos leer por un lado que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los dos puntos completan el grupo de signos genuinamente delimitadores, en el que figuran también el punto, la coma y el punto y coma. Como los dos últimos, el signo de los dos puntos delimita unidades sintácticas inferiores al enunciado, oracionales o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que dada la jerarquía de signos de puntuación, los dos puntos están por debajo del punto, y por tanto lo que presentan no debería ir más allá del siguiente punto y seguido (salvo que lo que se presente sea un discurso citado, que en tu caso no lo es).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más aún:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado su valor anunciativo, los dos puntos aparecen en contextos bastante bien delimitados [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco es el caso de tu ejemplo, donde el texto que expone el caso del jugador no está claramente delimitado, sino que puede ser una redacción que se extienda durante varios párrafos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la frase fuera así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El caso del jugador [...] se expone a continuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a lo mejor de esta forma el punto no chirriaría tanto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T16:19:09.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19731" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19732" CreationDate="2017-02-14T19:08:15.060" Score="5" ViewCount="610" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference in the phrases &quot;uno a uno&quot; and &quot;uno por uno?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, are there other situations where &quot;a&quot; and &quot;por&quot; are interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T00:08:19.923" Title="What is the difference between &quot;uno A uno&quot; and &quot;uno POR uno?&quot;" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19731" CreationDate="2017-02-14T22:53:43.817" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b6hEWeB%7Cb6iKApr&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, the only difference is the degree to which one considers the elements separate (I've clipped irrelevant entries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;uno, na a uno, na.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/em&gt; U. para explicar la separación o distinción por orden de personas y cosas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;uno, na por uno, na.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;uno, na a uno, na&lt;/strong&gt; U. para expresar mayor separación o distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;em&gt;de uno/a en uno/a&lt;/em&gt; with the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;uno/a a uno/a&lt;/em&gt; (it is defined without any notes distinguishing it). If you specifically use &lt;em&gt;una por una&lt;/em&gt; it can also mean &quot;en todo caso, en realidad, efectivamente&quot; although that usage is old fashioned. In all cases, we may presume the meaning to be understood and likely used pan-hispanicly as  the entries lack regional tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Google N-Grams we &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=uno%20por%20uno%2Buna%20por%20una%2C%20uno%20a%20uno%2Buna%20a%20una%2C%20de%20uno%20en%20uno%2Bde%20una%20en%20una&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28uno%20por%20uno%20%2B%20una%20por%20una%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28uno%20a%20uno%20%2B%20una%20a%20una%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28de%20uno%20en%20uno%20%2B%20de%20una%20en%20una%29%3B%2Cc0&quot;&gt;can see&lt;/a&gt; that the one using &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; surged in usage about a century ago, but using &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is still used about 35-40% of the time. Using &lt;em&gt;de/en&lt;/em&gt; is pretty consistent over time, although only about 5-10% of instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, we can say that &lt;strong&gt;uno/a a uno/a&lt;/strong&gt; is the most common, but that there should be no problem using &lt;strong&gt;uno/a por uno/a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T00:08:19.923" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T00:08:19.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19734" CreationDate="2017-02-15T06:12:49.113" Score="3" ViewCount="17187" Body="&lt;p&gt;El día de hoy me encontraba leyendo y vi que la palabrá &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dYQa6m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caído&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; llevaba tilde. Mi percepción era que todos los verbos en participio pasado &lt;strong&gt;no llevaban tilde&lt;/strong&gt;, ahora entiendo que eso es falso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior me lleva a preguntar, ¿cuáles son los verbos en participio pasado que llevan tilde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando como ejemplo, el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aFcGj2k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traído&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; también lleva acento, no obstante, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KmEdpit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no lleva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T14:49:31.863" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T14:49:31.863" Title="¿Cuáles son los verbos en participio pasado que llevan tilde?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19733" CreationDate="2017-02-15T07:50:20.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos con participio acentuado son aquellos que lo hacen según &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tilde&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;las reglas de la ortografía&lt;/a&gt;. En el caso de los verbos que mencionas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caído&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;traído&lt;/em&gt; llevan tilde porque el acento cae en un hiato constituido por una vocal abierta átona más una vocal cerrada tónica. En estos casos la vocal cerrada tónica siempre lleva tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Huido&lt;/em&gt; no lleva tilde porque el acento cae en un diptongo (dos vocales cerradas), y en estos casos se siguen las normas generales. Al ser palabra llana acaba en vocal, no lleva tilde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería complicado hacer un listado exhaustivo de todos los verbos que cumplen con tu requisito, así que lo mejor es simplemente conocer las reglas de acentuación y seguirlas. El enlace de arriba te lleva al artículo sobre la tilde en el DPD, que constituye un resumen del conjunto completo de reglas, que &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QnSfjOOzJxiTQvmz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puedes encontrar&lt;/a&gt; en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T07:56:01.113" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T07:56:01.113" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19743" CreationDate="2017-02-15T10:22:54.430" Score="3" ViewCount="568" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día tuve con un golfista una interesante discusión. Viendo un campeonato de golf en la tele vi que uno de los participantes había mandado la pelota fuera del campo, tras unas casetas. Así que fue, agarró la pelota y se la llevo a un recuadro pintado en el suelo con el siguiente cartel: &quot;Drop zone&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XtMLT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XtMLT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Drop zone&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Zona de &lt;em&gt;dropaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunté qué era eso, y la respuesta fue que era la zona donde se &lt;em&gt;dropa&lt;/em&gt; la pelota cuando te sales del campo, para continuar con el hoyo a partir de ahí. Ahí fue cuando comenzó la discusión. Pregunté si no había un término adaptado, y me dijo que no, que todo el mundo decía &quot;dropar&quot; y &quot;zona de dropaje&quot;. En un principio me pareció un atentado al idioma, pero mi interlocutor contraatacó argumentando que una persona que usa &lt;em&gt;setear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;resetear&lt;/em&gt;, e incluso &lt;em&gt;banear&lt;/em&gt; no puede ponerse así (&lt;em&gt;touché&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FmEsQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FmEsQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Cómo dropar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Para continuar con el juego, se deja caer una pelota en la zona.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego ya pensé que tanto en la literatura española como en las propias aplicaciones que hacen uso de estos términos tan comunes en la informática se los intenta traducir, y así tenemos &lt;em&gt;establecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;restablecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;expulsar&lt;/em&gt; y demás. Sin embargo, en el ámbito del golf de momento no parece que haya intención de usar otros términos aparte de los adaptados del inglés, de hecho me avisan de que si intento usar otras palabras que no sean &lt;em&gt;dropaje&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dropar&lt;/em&gt; me van a mirar raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, otros términos sí que se han adaptado, como decir que se va a usar el &quot;hierro 4&quot; para golpear la pelota, y otros se han dejado en inglés al no existir una palabra previa, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JWKZNc1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;green&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que incluso ya está presente en el diccionario. El problema que le veo a &quot;drop zone&quot; es la mala traducción del verbo &lt;em&gt;to drop&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;dejar caer&quot;. Si fuésemos a traducir la expresión, me salen cosas como &quot;zona de caída&quot; (?), &quot;zona para soltar la pelota&quot; (o &quot;dejar caer&quot;), expresiones que suenan forzadas o son demasiado largas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿cuál podría ser una traducción de &quot;drop zone&quot; que suene natural en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;NOTA: Respuestas aceptadas en español de España o en español neutro.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T01:26:28.490" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T16:28:03.603" Title="¿Posible traducción para &quot;drop zone&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2999" CreationDate="2017-02-15T13:01:21.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ya se ha expresado como comentado en otra respuesta, creo conveniente plasmarlo en una respuesta aparte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;positivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;negativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se pueden usar como sustantivos. De hecho, buscando una respuesta a una duda en Stack Overflow acabo de conseguir hacer una cosa que quería, y me ha salido solo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Te mereces un positivo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que son opciones más cortas que &quot;voto a favor&quot; o &quot;en contra&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-29T05:07:15.047" LastActivityDate="2019-05-29T05:07:15.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16956" CreationDate="2017-02-15T13:17:49.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay varias teorías respecto de su origen y uso posterior. Una de&#xA;  ellas, bien criolla, las sitúa naciendo en las guerras de la&#xA;  Independencia argentina, cuando nuestros gauchos peleaban contra un&#xA;  ejército de lo que en aquella época era el Primer Mundo: el español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Frente semejante poderío, nuestros gauchos montoneros, de calzoncillo&#xA;  cribado y botas de potro con los dedos al aire, sólo tenían para&#xA;  oponerles pelotas (piedras grandes con un surco por donde ataban un&#xA;  tiento) y facones (a los que algunos amarraban una caña tacuara para&#xA;  improvisar una lanza precaria). Pocos tenían armas de fuego: algún&#xA;  trabuco naranjero o arma larga desactualizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y entonces cuál era la técnica para oponerse a semejante maquinaria&#xA;  bélica como la que traían los realistas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestros gauchos formaban en tres filas. La primera era la de los&#xA;  &quot;Pelotudos&quot;, que portaban las pelotas de piedra grandes amarradas con&#xA;  tientos. La segunda, era la de los &quot;Lanceros&quot;, con facones y tacuaras.&#xA;  Y la &quot;Tercera&quot; la integraban los &quot;Boludos&quot;, con sus boleadoras y&#xA;  bolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando los españoles cargaban con su caballería, los &quot;Pelotudos&quot;,&#xA;  haciendo gala de una admirable valentía, los esperaban a pie firme y&#xA;  les pegaban a los caballos en el pecho, que de esta manera rodaban y&#xA;  desmontaban al jinete, provocando la caída de los soldados que venían&#xA;  atrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los &quot;Lanceros&quot; aprovechaban esta circunstancia y pinchaban a los&#xA;  caídos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finalmente, los &quot;Boludos&quot;, los rematan en el piso a pura boleadora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego, allá por 1890, un Diputado de la Nación aludiendo a lo que hoy&#xA;  llamaríamos “perejiles”, dijo que no había que ser &quot;tan pelotudos&quot; en&#xA;  referencia a que no había que ir al frente y hacerse matar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta fue la doble acepción que se le dio al término: 1º, aguerrido:&#xA;  2º, estúpido. Con el tiempo se sumó a esta última clasificación la&#xA;  palabra boludo y el imaginario popular lo fue incorporando como al que&#xA;  los genitales grandes le impedían moverse con facilidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diaadia.com.ar/cordoba/sabes-de-donde-provienen-las-palabras-boludo-y-pelotudo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.diaadia.com.ar/cordoba/sabes-de-donde-provienen-las-palabras-boludo-y-pelotudo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su significado principal actual, significa estúpido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T13:17:49.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19740" CreationDate="2017-02-15T14:28:06.997" Score="2" ViewCount="7827" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer la siguiente frase acerca de David Bowie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenemos la suerte de contar con piezas de memorabilia suyas en nuestra colección por todo el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha llamado la atención el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;memorabilia&lt;/em&gt;. Esta palabra no aparece en el diccionario (ni en el DPD, ni en el fichero general, ni en el NTLLE), por lo que parece ser importada de otro idioma. El Merriam-Webster &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/memorabilia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la define así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Things that are remarkable and worthy of remembrance. &lt;em&gt;A wealth of early railroad memorabilia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Things that stir recollection or are valued or collected for their association with a particular field or interest : mementos. &lt;em&gt;Baseball&#xA;  memorabilia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que este segundo significado es el que atañe a la frase leída. Lo curioso es que según su etimología, proviene directamente del latín (plural neutro de &lt;em&gt;memorabilis&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que sería una buena candidata a formar parte del DRAE en futuras revisiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su uso, es bastante reciente pero ya en el CORDE aparece una vez, más otras nueve veces en el CREA. Google arroja aproximadamente 479000 resultados buscando solamente textos en español. Un ejemplo del CREA, tomado de un artículo de 1996 del diario El Mundo, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subasta de memorabilia de Jackie Kennedy Onassis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay que tener cuidado, porque muchas podrían hacer referencia a un libro de la antigüedad, &lt;em&gt;Memorabilia&lt;/em&gt;, escrito por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenofonte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenofonte&lt;/a&gt; (también denominado &lt;em&gt;Memorables&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El traductor de Google lo traduce precisamente como &quot;cosas &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Orf971H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;memorables&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, aunque no tengo muy claro si el término se refiere a cada cosa memorable en sí o a la colección completa centrada en un tema particular. O incluso si realmente la palabra &quot;memorabilia&quot; incluye alguna sutileza que &quot;cosas memorables&quot; no consiga describir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es el uso que se le da actualmente a la palabra &quot;memorabilia&quot; en español? ¿Existe alguna alternativa al uso de esta palabra? Si no, ¿la proponemos como candidata para la próxima edición del diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T10:06:47.973" Title="¿Existe una alternativa para &quot;memorabilia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15505" CreationDate="2017-02-15T14:39:35.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser tal vez una deformación inintencionada de &lt;strong&gt;pacotillero&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;pacotilla&lt;/strong&gt;, palabras que sí se relacionan con lo poco fino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RQCpMdm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser de pacotilla algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Ser de inferior calidad, o estar hecho sin esmero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T14:39:35.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19738" CreationDate="2017-02-15T17:48:53.653" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español actualmente se suele decir &lt;code&gt;objetos de interés de X&lt;/code&gt; o, simplemente, &lt;code&gt;objetos de X&lt;/code&gt;. Si se necesita mayor precisión, &lt;code&gt;objetos relacionados con X&lt;/code&gt; u &lt;code&gt;objetos personales de X&lt;/code&gt;. A veces se agrega &lt;code&gt;de colección&lt;/code&gt;. La mayoría no suelen ser nada memorables; creo que nuestra denominación es mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase sobre Bowie la podrían haber escrito así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenemos la suerte de contar con objetos de interés suyos en nuestra colección por todo el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la de El Mundo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subasta de objetos de Jackie Kennedy Onassis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.prensa.com/Enorme-interes-subasta-Beatles-Argentina_0_2955454601.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enorme interés en subasta de objetos de los Beatles en Argentina&lt;/a&gt; (contraparte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/news/world-15187561&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Beatles memorabilia to be auctioned in Buenos Aires&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clarin.com/sociedad/polemica-subasta-objetos-nazismo-argentino_0_Nyb8owZS-.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Objetos del nazismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2016/11/14/estilo/1479142026_926045.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Objetos de Marilyn Monroe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Objetos de Picasso: &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/diario/2002/10/26/andalucia/1035584558_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/376571/0/bose/subasta/picasso/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, la palabra “memorabilia” (con este significado) me parece innecesaria e inexacta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T17:48:53.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19721" CreationDate="2017-02-15T17:57:46.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad para el singalong está en el uso del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ArpFJsZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;corear&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Segun la RAE (la 5ª entrada en particular):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Componer música para ser cantada con acompañamiento de coros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Acompañar o embellecer con coros una composición musical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de varias personas: Asentir sumisamente al parecer ajeno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Aclamar o aplaudir algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de varias personas: Cantar, recitar o hablar algo a la vez. Corear la lección.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12350" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T07:28:14.513" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:28:14.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19735" CreationDate="2017-02-16T01:41:35.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que esta pregunta busca una respuesta específica para el golf. En aviación también se usa el término &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop_zone&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;drop zone&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; que se traduce (paradójicamente) como &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=drop%20zone&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;zona de salto&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la explicación entendemos que es una zona donde dejas caer la pelota para recontinuar el juego. No se &lt;em&gt;lanza&lt;/em&gt;, no se &lt;em&gt;coloca&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;sitúa&lt;/em&gt;, simplemente la dejas caer (y rodar) y desde ahí sigues con el juego. Eso elimina muchos sinónimos de &lt;code&gt;soltar&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TmMR2xL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;posar&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; ya que no colocamos la pelota suavemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando el DIRAE me he encontrado con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aWADaZc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trastumbar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De tras- y tumbar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dejar caer o echar a rodar algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que creo que describe bien la acción que se realiza con la pelota (aunque no se la echa a rodar en plan &lt;em&gt;petanca&lt;/em&gt;). Convirtiendo el verbo en un nombre, podemos denominar a la &lt;code&gt;drop zone&lt;/code&gt; como &amp;quot;zona de trastumbación&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;zona de trastumbo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Si es la primera vez que oyes &amp;quot;trastumbar&amp;quot; en tu vida, ya somos dos :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T01:49:24.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19735" CreationDate="2017-02-16T01:48:51.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, siendo esta pregunta hipotética (ya que evidentemente tanto en España con &lt;em&gt;zona de dropaje&lt;/em&gt; como en la Argentina con &lt;em&gt;zona de dropeo&lt;/em&gt; están ya bien situadas dos traducciones muy... buf...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero pensando en la función de esta zona, que es la que se usa cuando no se puede encontrar la pelota por salir del campo, ya hay una palabra muy nativa para expresar dicho concepto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XHSreto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Acción de sacar. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;saque&lt;/strong&gt; que se realiza para iniciar o reanudar el juego de pelota y otros deportes || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; Raya o sitio desde el cual se saca la pelota. […]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;saque&lt;/em&gt; de esquina.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; En el fútbol, &lt;strong&gt;saque&lt;/strong&gt; que se hace desde una esquina del campo por un jugador del bando atacante por haber salido el balón del campo de juego cruzando una de las líneas de meta, tras haber sido tocado en último por un jugador del bando defensor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijaos que literalmente la definición hace referencia al acto que se realiza en la zona (por lo que se podría decir &lt;em&gt;zona de saque&lt;/em&gt;) y también a la zona sí misma (por lo que se podría decir, sencillamente, &lt;em&gt;el saque&lt;/em&gt; como traducción de &lt;em&gt;drop zone&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, en este caso, prefiriendo formas menos parecidas al inglés, diría que aprovechemos de la posibilidad de usar una sola palabra y que al &lt;em&gt;drop zone&lt;/em&gt; lo denominamos como &lt;strong&gt;saque&lt;/strong&gt; a secas.  Así que si la pelota se encuentra muy fuera del campo, podríamos decir algo como «Vaya, será imposible encontrar esa pelota.  Tomaré el pénalti y empezar en el saque» o «Está perdida esa pelota.  Voy a poner otro en el saque».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T16:28:03.603" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T16:28:03.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16323" CreationDate="2017-02-16T04:09:24.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en Mexico &lt;strong&gt;chilote&lt;/strong&gt; es usualmente un altisonante, que -usualmente- se refiere a las &lt;em&gt;asombrosas&lt;/em&gt; dimensiones de los genitales de algún involucrado en la conversación; usualmente quien usa dicha palabra para expresar insultantemente algún acto sexual con el interpelado o su parentela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, el contexto de la pregunta es claramente una conversación que se llevó a cabo en alguna austral región hispanoparlante, por lo que en esa instancia &lt;em&gt;podría no ser palabrota.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El castellano se usa de muchas maneras atraves de toda Hispanoamérica y la Península Ibérica. Solo porque en una región una palabra sea perfectamente inofensiva, no quere decir que usarla no los ponga en aprietos en otra región tambien hispanoparlante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hagan la prueba de pedir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Papaya&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en un puesto de fruta &lt;strong&gt;cubano&lt;/strong&gt;. Recomiendo que mejor compren &quot;&lt;em&gt;Frutabomba&lt;/em&gt;&quot; si no quieren tener cargos por acoso sexual en la isla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T07:23:27.480" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:23:27.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2017-02-16T07:34:29.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es asi porque se trata de voz pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voz activa:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El camarero abre la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voz pasiva:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puerta es abierta por el camarero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12537" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:34:29.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19203" CreationDate="2017-02-16T08:25:41.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XIX en la zona de Madrid se denominaba &quot;panchitos&quot; a la gente de piel morena, en el sentido de piel curtida por el sol. He encontrado en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España un &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0002103129&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;search=panchitos&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo del 11 de septiembre de 1897&lt;/a&gt; cuyo título es &lt;em&gt;Morenos agraciados&lt;/em&gt;, perteneciente a una sección titulada &quot;Madrid cómico&quot;, que habla de la gente que vuelve blanca de las vacaciones de verano por no haber podido ir a la playa a tomar el sol:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Cuesta cierto rubor en esta temporada presentarse á los amigos&#xA;  que regresan, con la cara y las manos blancas, cuando ellos vuelven&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Panchitos del to&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;La blancura en estos días es patente de pobreza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conociendo esto, es fácil darse cuenta del símil: un cacahuete que ha sido tostado se pone moreno, y por tanto es un cacahuete &lt;em&gt;panchito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T08:25:41.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19749" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T09:36:00.153" Score="6" ViewCount="2199" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basándome en la pregunta acerca d&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19475/12637&quot;&gt;el origen de &quot;¡venga!&quot;&lt;/a&gt; como interjección, se me ocurre que un caso similar es el origen de &quot;¡anda!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2ZGgAPa#CBehDUK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para expresar admiración o sorpresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para excitar o animar a hacer algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para denotar alegría, como por despique, cuando a alguien le ocurre algo desagradable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos como ejemplo aquel famoso anuncio de los Donuts de los años 70, que a uno se le habían olvidado y dice &quot;¡Anda, los donuts!&quot;, y luego va con su donut y dice &quot;¡Anda, la cartera!&quot;. O imaginemos a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Personajes_de_Ast%C3%A9rix#Edadepi.C3.A9drix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Edadepiédrix&lt;/a&gt; viendo entrar a un centurión en la aldea y exclamando &quot;¡Anda, un romano!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que &quot;anda&quot; en esas expresiones? ¿Cómo llegó a ser &quot;¡anda!&quot; una interjección?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T02:38:38.143" Title="Origen de la interjección &quot;¡anda!&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19750" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19751" CreationDate="2017-02-16T09:58:20.083" Score="14" ViewCount="16375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo tenía entendido que en Argentina se usa el término &quot;gallego&quot; para referirse a los nacidos en España o de ascendencia española, y que es un término que se usa de modo amistoso, que no implica desprecio en modo alguno. Se usa además, y esto lo acabo de descubrir, en Antillas, Colombia y Uruguay &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IlFjdhI&quot;&gt;según el DLE&lt;/a&gt;, y además en Bolivia y Paraguay &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gallego&quot;&gt;según el diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, he visto que la palabra &quot;gallego&quot; tiene en otros países una connotación peyorativa, dado que en México, Costa Rica, Venezuela y Uruguay (y en Chile en menor medida) significa &quot;persona poco inteligente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si el uso peyorativo proviene del uso de &quot;gallego&quot; como &quot;español&quot;. Así que como español, y exclusivamente desde un punto de vista puramente lingüístico, ¿se usa &quot;gallego&quot; en Hispanoamérica para referirse de forma peyorativa a los españoles? Si es así, ¿en qué países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-05-02T17:49:47.270" Title="¿Es despectivo el uso de &quot;gallego&quot; en Hispanoamérica para referirse a los españoles?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19750" CreationDate="2017-02-16T11:58:28.673" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que sigue es anecdótico pero vale, supongo, como respuesta. &quot;Gallego&quot; en Argentina es, como observaste, sinónimo de &quot;español&quot;. Es netamente coloquial y no pertenece a esa clase de &quot;gentilicios alternativos&quot; que pueden ser usados de manera semiformal, como hacen los periodistas deportivos (que aquí a los jugadores y equipos uruguayos les suelen llamar &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charr%C3%BAas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;charrúas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;). Puede ser tanto amistoso como peyorativo. Sin ningún aditamento es amistoso o neutro, al menos en intención; otro asunto es cómo lo tome el oyente, que supongo que no será muy bien si el mismo es español pero no gallego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;problema&quot; con la palabra &quot;gallego&quot; en este sentido, en Argentina (no sé si en otros países), es que aquí son una tradición los chistes de gallegos, donde el tema unificador es que los gallegos (¿los de Galicia o todos los españoles?) son toscos, ignorantes o estúpidos (de manera inocente). El origen de esta tradición no es claro pero una explicación que suele darse es que una parte importante de la inmigración española a Argentina provino de Galicia y que los inmigrantes eran en su mayoría (como no podía ser de otra forma) gente pobre, campesina, poco instruida, con escasa urbanidad, que naturalmente no iba a encajar muy bien en una ciudad ya grande y con veleidades de capital europea como Buenos Aires (el puerto por donde entraban todos los inmigrantes). El estereotipo del &lt;em&gt;gallego bruto&lt;/em&gt; puede haberse formado ahí, como se formó (y persiste en cierta medida, mucho menor) en el caso de los italianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es debido a esto que la palabra &quot;gallego&quot; como sinónimo de español, coloquial pero neutra en principio, puede sonar a veces peyorativa por asociación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T11:58:28.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19750" CreationDate="2017-02-16T12:59:10.257" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para agregar información a la buena respuesta de @pablodf76, en el Río de la Plata (Uruguay y Argentina) se utiliza la denominación &quot;gallego&quot; con el mismo significado. En general no tiene para nada un sentido peyorativo sino hasta cariñoso, ya que es común en grupos de amigos que se les diga gallegos a quienes nacieron en España.&#xA;Asimismo esta palabra tiene muchas veces una intención cómica, por ejemplo, cuando se indica que una película está traducida a español de España en vez de español neutro, expresando algo como: &quot;La película está en gallego&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13840" LastEditorUserId="13840" LastEditDate="2019-12-26T11:54:53.853" LastActivityDate="2019-12-26T11:54:53.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19754" CreationDate="2017-02-16T13:38:10.120" Score="5" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De modo que no jodas, concluyó: Anda, despiértala,&#xA;  pídele perdón, y hazte cargo de ella de una vez. Nadie merece ser más feliz que&#xA;  ustedes. (Memorias de mis putas tristes, Garcia Marquez)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in this paragraph I have two questions. First, I wonder if the author had any sexual inference by &quot;no jodas&quot; or does it in Spanish mean &quot;fucking around&quot; and &quot;procrastinating&quot; as Grossman has translated in her English translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, I wonder what is the meaning of &quot;hazte cargo de ella&quot; in this context? Does it mean &quot;to own&quot; as Grossman has used? Or does it mean &quot;simply have sex with her&quot;?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So stop fucking around, she concluded: Go on, wake her, beg her&#xA;  pardon, and take charge of her once and for all. Nobody deserves to be happier than you two. (Grossman, Memories of my melancholy whores). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12202" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T05:07:09.683" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;hazte cargo de ella&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19753" CreationDate="2017-02-16T14:09:55.310" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither of the expressions has sexual connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one (&lt;em&gt;no jodas&lt;/em&gt;) is properly translated as &quot;stop fucking around&quot;. Other milder versions of the expression are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HfHlnC4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fastidies&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LJSUXKn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;incordies&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MVjNCIs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;joder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used in its 5th meaning according to the DLE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. malson. Molestar o fastidiar a alguien. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression is usually used as &quot;no me jodas&quot;, indicating the object of the action (the person being annoyed). If you omit the direct object, the person is just annoying (no one in particular, just annoying).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one (&lt;em&gt;hazte cargo de ella&lt;/em&gt;) can also be written as &lt;em&gt;encárgate de ella&lt;/em&gt; (take care of her), being &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F0p6rb4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;encargarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Encomendar, poner algo al cuidado de alguien. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F8Fvxoa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;encomendar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Encargar a alguien que haga algo o que cuide de algo o de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So she is just asking him to take care of the well-being of the other woman. There is no obscure meaning (there could be) in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T14:09:55.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2017-02-16T16:50:03.340" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Deberíamos tratar a esta palabra («app») como tratamos a las palabras «agua», «alma» y «hacha», que son sustantivos &lt;em&gt;femeninos&lt;/em&gt; que por su &lt;strong&gt;/a/ tónica&lt;/strong&gt; deben cambiar de género para el artículo definido e indefinido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_ agua (f.): &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; agua, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; aguas; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; agua, &lt;em&gt;unas&lt;/em&gt; aguas; &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; agua, &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; aguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_ alma (f.): &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; alma, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; almas; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; alma, &lt;em&gt;unas&lt;/em&gt; almas; &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; alma, &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; almas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_ hacha (f.): &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; hacha, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; hachas; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; hacha, &lt;em&gt;unas&lt;/em&gt; hachas; &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; hacha, &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; hachas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_ app (f., de «aplicación»): &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; app, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; apps; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; app, &lt;em&gt;unas&lt;/em&gt; apps; &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; app, &lt;em&gt;estas&lt;/em&gt; apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p. ej. Debo buscar &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; app en &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; App Store, quiero actualizar &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; apps...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14980" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T16:50:03.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19762" CreationDate="2017-02-16T19:10:31.207" Score="8" ViewCount="8899" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0k8i4DT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adicción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;addictio, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt; 'adjudicación por sentencia'; &lt;em&gt;cf. adicto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Dependencia de sustancias o actividades nocivas para la salud o el equilibrio psíquico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Afición extrema a alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería su antónimo u opuesto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy realmente seguro que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YB3hW6y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobriedad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; lo sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T00:25:38.987" Title="¿Qué es lo opuesto de adicción?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19756" CreationDate="2017-02-16T20:18:43.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que los dos significados tienen antónimos diferentes. Tratémoslos por separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dependencia de sustancias o actividades nocivas para la salud o el equilibrio psíquico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo contrario de la dependencia es la independencia. Cuando no eres dependiente de algo, ese algo te resulta &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LOJb0zM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;indiferente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (que no despierta interés o afecto), que sería mi antónimo propuesto para este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Afición extrema a alguien o algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me siento tentado a usar también aquí el antónimo &lt;em&gt;indiferente&lt;/em&gt;, pero creo que en este caso lo contrario de algo que te causa una afición extrema es algo que te causa un extremo rechazo. La propuesta de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4YtTXec&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aversión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no me parece nada mal (rechazo o repugnancia frente a alguien o algo). Aunque una mejor podría ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I8eNBy2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fobia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (aversión exagerada a alguien o algo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: a mí el tabaco me causa indiferencia (no me siento tentado a fumar) y le tengo fobia (cuando fuman a mi lado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T20:45:54.453" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T20:45:54.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19756" CreationDate="2017-02-17T02:59:43.607" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que los elementos &quot;clave&quot; o definitorios de &lt;code&gt;adicción&lt;/code&gt; son &lt;code&gt;dependencia&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;extrema&lt;/code&gt;, según las definiciones que aportas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo contrario a esta necesidad o dependencia extrema sería &lt;code&gt;autocontrol&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;uso moderado&lt;/code&gt;. Es decir, lo contrario no es que no uses las sustancias o no tengas ciertas aficiones (como el WhatsApp o jugar al Wold of Warcraft), sino que te controles o moderes en su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende mucho de cómo quieras aplicar este &quot;antónimo&quot; de dependencia. Sería como el que sólo fuma cuando sale o &quot;solo se mete una raya de coca muy de vez en cuando&quot;. O como el que dice &quot;A las 3 dejo la consola y me pongo a estudiar&quot; y efectivamente a las 3:00, no importa cómo vaya la partida, lo deja y cambia de actividad como se había propuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El antónimo es de hecho una &lt;strong&gt;no dependencia&lt;/strong&gt; (que no independencia) de la sustancia o hábito, pero la mejor manera de explicarlo que a mí se me ocurre es refiriéndose al &quot;autocontrol&quot; o &quot;uso moderado&quot;, ya que nadie dice que no tiene una &quot;no dependencia&quot; a algo, sino más bien que &quot;no lo usan mucho&quot;, o &quot;pueden parar cuando quieran&quot;, o &quot;saben cuándo parar&quot; o &quot;no están enganchados&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T20:44:37.120" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T20:44:37.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T03:31:18.043" Score="0" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve traduciendo músicas para aprender inglés, y cuando empecé me di cuenta de que no tiene sentido mi traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;She said I am the one, who will dance on the floor in the round &#xA;(ella dice yo soy el primero, quien deberia bailar en el suelo en la ronda)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vayamos por partes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;She said I am the one&lt;/code&gt;,traduje así: ella dice que soy el primero/mejor/uno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;who will dance on the floor in the round&lt;/code&gt;, en este caso no se qui significa &quot;floor&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14985" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T02:20:04.813" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:20:04.813" Title="Traducción del primer párrafo de &quot;Billie Jean&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-02-17T12:16:17.233" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19760" CreationDate="2017-02-17T04:42:32.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella era más como una reina de belleza en una película &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del like, puede ser como, por ejemplo, gustar, así también).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dije que esto no cuenta, pero qué quiere decir (ella) con&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo soy el primero que bailará en el ruedo del suelo.(?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y ella dijo que yo sería el primero quien bailará en el ruedo del suelo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Falta más contexto de la estrofa para poder interpretar bien. No traduzcas literal, porque nunca tendrá sentido una frase en inglés pasada al español, ya que tienen morfosintaxis diferentes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:17:42.620" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T07:17:42.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19756" CreationDate="2017-02-17T05:02:18.307" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para referirse a una actividad o acción opuesta a lo adictivo, recomiendo usar &quot;templanza&quot;, &quot;templado&quot;. Esta palabra aborda bien lo expuesto por Diego sobre los elementos claves de la palabra adicción: dependencia, extremo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZQm69KL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Templanza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;temperantia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Moderación, sobriedad y continencia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Benignidad del aire o clima de un país.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Pint.&lt;/em&gt; Armonía y buena disposición de los colores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Rel&lt;/em&gt;. Una de las cuatro virtudes cardinales, que consiste en moderar los apetitos y el uso excesivo de los sentidos, sujetándolos a&#xA;  la razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. temple (‖ punto de dureza o elasticidad).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T07:20:37.400" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T07:20:37.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19753" CreationDate="2017-02-17T05:07:09.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra forma de ver la segunda pregunta puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hazte cargo de ella&quot; es una expresión habitual en español para hacer referencia a &quot;ser responsable de ella&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, cuando un niño recibe una mascota de regalo de sus padres. éstos le dirán &quot;hazte cargo de ella&quot;, o bien &quot;se responsable con ella&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T05:07:09.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8625" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:27:31.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;complejos&lt;/em&gt; serían no tanto una enfermedad mental grave, sino más bien &quot;complejos de inferioridad&quot;, diversos pensamientos de que uno mismo es &quot;inferior&quot; o &quot;peor&quot; que otro, o incluso añadiendo un matiz de timidez. Otra forma de verlo, es que uno mismo se autolimita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ese &quot;complejo de inferioridad&quot; o timidez muchas veces se traduce en un retraimiento y en un menor grado de actividad, &lt;strong&gt;desacomplejado&lt;/strong&gt; significa que no existen esos complejos, y se actua de forma mucho más decidida, sin verguenza. No existe ninguna autolimitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el texto que suscita la pregunta, dice que Canadá durante el siglo XX ha actuado a nivel internacional, de forma limitada y principalmente de forma multinacional (Canadá actuaba en concierto con otras naciones); y a nivel interior, los canadienses han preferido un consenso nacional. En cambio, &quot;ahora&quot; Canadá se libera de autolimitaciones y consensos, y actúa de forma mucho más directa por su propia cuenta. Más al estilo de EEUU, y menos al de los países escandinavos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Nota: el texto es de 2014. Hoy en día, el Primer Ministro de Canadá es Justin Trudeau).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14990" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:27:31.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5683" CreationDate="2017-02-17T12:12:04.730" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en la frase  qué se te ofrece  hay una connotación impersonal que es justamente la que se quiere transmitir. Es como decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué se te puede ofrecer a través de mí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si decimos &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te ofrezco?&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¿Qué te puedo ofrecer?&lt;/em&gt; está claro que el ofrecimiento depende absolutamente de mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase que nos ocupa se da a entender que el ofrecimiento puede ser realizado por otra persona. ¡Gran lengua la española!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14992" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T13:42:26.530" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T13:42:26.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19769" CreationDate="2017-02-17T13:16:34.540" Score="2" ViewCount="7852" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que alguien dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Mi madre siempre &lt;strong&gt;mete baza&lt;/strong&gt; en las discusiones con mi hermano! A la que oye que le digo algo, ya está allí para intervenir y darle la razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España entendemos &lt;em&gt;meter baza&lt;/em&gt; como lo que indica el DRAE en la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5FWOD09&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;meter baza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Intervenir en asuntos o conversaciones de otros. No le dejaron meter baza en el diálogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Baza&lt;/em&gt; se define así en la misma entrada del DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del it. bazza 'ganancia'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Conjunto de cartas que en ciertos juegos de naipes recoge quien gana la mano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Cosa que permite obtener una ventaja o beneficio. &lt;em&gt;El esprint es su mejor baza para ganar la carrera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos casos de expresiones que vienen del mundo del juego (&lt;em&gt;hacer un farol&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R9NsJTE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;órdago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que la primera sensación es que debería ser lo mismo aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción remite a contextos de juegos de naipes, en los que la &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt; es la ganancia que alguien consigue al terminar un lance del juego. Sin embargo, entiendo que cuando se juega uno &lt;em&gt;recoge&lt;/em&gt; la baza, cuando la expresión es &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, lo descartaría como opción de origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la segunda acepción, no me parece que tenga mucho que ver con este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me agotan las ideas o lo mismo es que estoy pasando alguna por alto. ¿Alguien tiene una hipótesis con más fundamento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T18:43:48.603" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;meter baza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2017-02-17T14:59:42.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a trend way to talk. It's mainly used by girls and guys who are parodying that girls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is used on a bunch of words like Hola-Holi, Amigo-amigui or even at laughing, like jijiji&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T14:59:42.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2017-02-17T17:04:28.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Amigui&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is an abbreviation of &lt;strong&gt;amiguito&lt;/strong&gt; (little friend), usually it is used to call a close friend an a friendly way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12851" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T17:45:14.750" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T17:45:14.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19766" CreationDate="2017-02-17T18:09:57.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En 1726, el diccionario de Autoridades recogía la voz &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;principio y fundamento&quot;, y ponía como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta fué la primera &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt; de mis desengaños, y el principio de conocer que se ha de fiar nadie de palabras lisongéras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En base a este significado, parecido a &quot;razón&quot; o &quot;motivo&quot;, existía la siguiente expresión, que el diccionario actual no recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No dexar hacer &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt;. Metaphoricamente vale lo mismo que hablar mucho, y de modo que no dexa hablar à otro, ni decir su razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez encontrada esta expresión, se entiende que alguien no deja hacer &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt; cuando le impide a uno &lt;em&gt;meterse&lt;/em&gt; en su conversación, siendo precisamente eso, &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; en la conversación su razón, lo que uno pretende cuando estás &lt;em&gt;metiendo baza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, en la siguiente versión del diccionario, de 1770 (la revisón del de Autoridades), la expresión ya venía recogida como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No dexar meter baza. Frase metafórica y familiar que significa hablar mucho alguno de modo que no dexe hablar á otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en esta edición la acepción de &lt;em&gt;baza&lt;/em&gt; comentada anteriormente ha desaparecido ya, quedando únicamente la relativa a los naipes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T18:43:48.603" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T18:43:48.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14999" CreationDate="2017-02-17T18:23:40.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando vi esta entrado no podía dejarla pasar. Esto se me ocurrió a mí, aunque no cumple con la regla de la longitud, y en algunos casos agregue otra palabra para que tuviera un poco más de sentido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A   ANTES&#xA;B   BIEN&#xA;C   CURADO&#xA;D   DECÍAN&#xA;E   ELLOS&#xA;F   FUERTES&#xA;G   GOZARON&#xA;H   HIJOS&#xA;I   ILUSTRES&#xA;J   JUNTAMOS&#xA;K   KARMA&#xA;L   LLORAMOS&#xA;M   MORIMOS&#xA;N   NACIMOS&#xA;Ñ   ÑINGA&#xA;O   OPACA&#xA;P   del PASADO&#xA;Q   QUISIMOS&#xA;R   REÍR&#xA;S   SOÑAR&#xA;T   TUVIMOS&#xA;U   QUE&#xA;V   UBICAR&#xA;W   WHISKY&#xA;X   en XOCHIMILCO&#xA;Y   YA&#xA;Z   ZARPAMOS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T18:23:40.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15313" CreationDate="2017-02-17T23:59:12.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que viene del español antiguo. En estricto rigor debería ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;vos te encontraréis conmigo&quot;, ergo &quot;te veréis conmigo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aludiendo a un duelo futuro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un español neutro actual: te las verás conmigo, te la vas a ver conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión es una amenaza de venganza o revancha futura contra alguien. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una construcción entendible por la mayoría de los países hispanoparlantes, con ciertas variaciones en el tiempo verbal, artículo usado y la pluralidad o singularidad de éste. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T23:59:12.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15670" CreationDate="2017-02-18T00:07:03.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma más neutra sería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué bien, Muy bien, Genial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el español chileno se dice de muchas formas distintas, marcando incluso un estatus socioeconómico según lo que digas: la raja, bacán, piola, pulento, la zorra, macanudo, del corte, nice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T00:07:03.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19779" CreationDate="2017-02-18T02:04:01.030" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a good translation for &lt;code&gt;moonlighting&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen 'pluriempleo' used, but only ever as a noun, whereas in English we often use it as a verb, as in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm a biologist, but I moonlight as a science journalist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there such a way to translate moonlighting into Spanish as a verb, or must it always remain a noun, making a translation of the above sentence something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy biólogo pero tengo un pluriempleo como periodista científico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mil gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:33:32.020" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:46:22.900" Title="A good translation for moonlighting" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19776" CreationDate="2017-02-18T02:05:24.687" Score="1" ViewCount="349" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy una perfeccionista apasionada por los idiomas, incluida mi lengua materna: el árabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se debe puntuar esta frase antes de &quot;incluida&quot; y &quot;el árabe&quot;? ¿Se puede/debe usar paréntesis o rayas en vez de la coma? ¿Y qué tal los dos puntos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14996" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:24:01.533" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:31:36.377" Title="Paréntesis, rayas o comas con dos puntos" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19775" CreationDate="2017-02-18T02:31:36.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los dos puntos son gramaticalmente correctos pero le dan demasiada relevancia a una frase muy corta como &quot;el árabe&quot;. Además, su uso me parece más adecuado cuando se introduce una verdadera conclusión, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recurrí al único idioma que dominaba y que podía ayudarme en esas circunstancias &lt;strong&gt;: el árabe&lt;/strong&gt;. (Nótese que lo que precede a los dos puntos genera suficiente &quot;suspenso&quot; como para que el uso de los dos puntos sea realmente justificado.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, al haber modificado &quot;incluso&quot; (que a mi entender es incorrecto) (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8thfqpmeuD6GYk7oXl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;) por &quot;incluida&quot;, se genera un conflicto de género entre &quot;idiomas&quot; e &quot;incluida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ambas razones, corregiría la oración como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy una perfeccionista apasionada por los idiomas, &lt;strong&gt;incluido&lt;/strong&gt; el árabe, mi lengua materna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:31:36.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1392" CreationDate="2017-02-18T03:01:31.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/cougar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict&lt;/a&gt; se usan también los términos &lt;code&gt;rompecunas&lt;/code&gt; (similar a &lt;em&gt;asaltacunas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;robacunas&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;code&gt;lagartona&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta salir con &lt;strong&gt;lagartonas&lt;/strong&gt; porque lo pagan todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SpanishDict aclara que este término es un coloquialismo de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=cougar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; propone (además de &lt;em&gt;robacunas&lt;/em&gt;) el término &lt;code&gt;comepibes&lt;/code&gt;. Indica que es un término coloquial, aunque no dice de donde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-15T05:55:46.163" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T05:55:46.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19789" CreationDate="2017-02-18T03:32:59.787" Score="10" ViewCount="531" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces es frecuente escuchar el término &amp;quot;to shadow&amp;quot; para referirse a alguien que sigue a una persona de mayor experiencia para aprender a base de ver su rutina diaria. A veces es incluso referido como &amp;quot;job shadow&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;work shadowing&amp;quot; (ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_shadow&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;referencia&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our new intern is going to &lt;em&gt;shadow&lt;/em&gt; the scrum master today to learn how our different teams apply scrum at the office&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a new resident I was able to &lt;em&gt;shadow&lt;/em&gt; Dr. Whatever on the operating room&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Shadow&amp;quot; tiene aquí las connotaciones de seguir a alguien, ver lo que hacen y aprender de ellos. Se podría traducir en este contexto como &lt;code&gt;seguir&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;hacer (de) sombra&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo alguien también puede &lt;em&gt;shadow&lt;/em&gt; otra persona sin seguirla físicamente. Por ejemplo, si pongo a un becario o a un programador junior a ver cómo un desarrollador más experimentado escribe código o se maneja por la aplicación (con lo que quiero resaltar que no están haciendo &lt;em&gt;pair programming&lt;/em&gt; sino que uno hace y explica y el otro ve y aprende)los términos &lt;code&gt;seguir&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;hacer (de) sombra&lt;/code&gt; ya no aplican tan bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se le ocurre a alguien una mejor traducción para esta acepción de &lt;code&gt;shadow&lt;/code&gt; como verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:28:58.420" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;shadow&quot; como verbo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19774" CreationDate="2017-02-18T03:39:19.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que &amp;quot;moonlighting&amp;quot; se describe como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working a second job, in particular one after normal business hours in the evening or night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pluriempleo&lt;/code&gt; es una de las mejores traducciones posibles. Dependiendo del contexto puedes querer usar algo no relacionado el tema laboral. A mi alguien me dijo una vez &amp;quot;[John and Jane Doe] who also moonlight as my parents&amp;quot;. Sería raro decir que se &lt;em&gt;pluriemplean&lt;/em&gt; como padres, ya que no es realmente un oficio. En este contexto yo optaría por algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[John and Jane Doe] también conocidos como mis padres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los ejemplos que das, si no quieres emplear el término &amp;quot;pluriempleo&amp;quot; podrías decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy biólogo pero también hago de periodista científico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy biólogo pero también actúo como periodista científico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:46:22.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19787" CreationDate="2017-02-18T04:38:15.013" Score="1" ViewCount="3186" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the U.S., when people from the Dominican Republic speak of their country, they commonly say &quot;the D.R.&quot; -- when they're speaking in English.  I'd like to know how Dominicans speak of the D.R. when speaking in Spanish.  Obviously, they could say &quot;la República Dominicana&quot; but this would get tiresome in a conversation after a few repetitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T20:41:57.460" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T22:11:35.290" Title="How to refer to Dominican Republic in abbreviated form" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19778" CreationDate="2017-02-18T08:38:29.450" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;strong&gt;opacar&lt;/strong&gt; seria una buena eleccion a mi criterio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12537" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T08:38:29.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19756" CreationDate="2017-02-18T10:22:24.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que exista un antónimo realmente adecuado para adicción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo contrario de tener una adicción es no tenerla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es un concepto bastante extremo en ese sentido: hay distintos tipos de adicción, se puede tener adicción a muchas cosas diferentes, incluso en varios niveles, pero o la tienes o no.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Darle más vueltas es buscarle tres pies al gato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, lo que debes buscar es una palabra que signifique &quot;&lt;em&gt;no tener una adicción&lt;/em&gt;&quot;... yo no conozco ninguna y tampoco es que haga falta, simplemente se niega y listo, que es lo que se hace normalmente, negarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T10:22:24.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19778" CreationDate="2017-02-18T11:56:39.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una cuestión difícil, porque en mi opinión no existe un verbo específico que cubra ese significado, así que podría ser mejor explicarlo en más detalle. Quizá se podría decir que &quot;el becario está bajo la tutela de un superior&quot; o que está &quot;tomando a un superior como modelo&quot;, en caso de que no lo siga físicamente. Si no, la opción de &quot;ser su sombra&quot; me parece correcta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14999" LastEditorUserId="14999" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T12:03:23.870" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T12:03:23.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19785" CreationDate="2017-02-18T15:01:36.053" Score="1" ViewCount="1097" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi libro de gramática española (de los autores no hispanohablantes) dice que en las construcciones concesivas con “&lt;strong&gt;por poco que&lt;/strong&gt;” se usa SIEMPRE el subjuntivo. He consultado el apartado 47.15 de NGLE y no dice nada de que el subjuntivo sea el único modo en dichas construcciones. Ahora me pregunto si es verdad y si se usa exclusivamente el modo subjuntivo (porque tal vez se trata de algo hipotético) o si hay también oraciones factuales con “por poco que” + indicativo (como con „por mucho que“ / „por más que“). ¿Me podríais ayudar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T19:00:32.003" Title="Modo verbal con &quot;por poco que&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19784" CreationDate="2017-02-18T18:29:07.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(La pregunta es muy buena, pero la próxima vez sería bueno que incluyas ejemplos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincido con tu libro de gramática española. &quot;por poco que&quot; y &quot;por mucho/más que&quot; son equiparables a &quot;no importa cuán poco&quot; y &quot;no importa cuánto&quot;, respectivamente. El verbo debe ir en subjuntivo porque la acción o estado en cuestión es desconocido o indeterminado, y esto nos aleja del uso del modo indicativo, utilizado para lo que constituye un hecho o una realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, si se agrega el artículo neutro &quot;lo&quot; luego de &quot;por&quot;, la construcción deja su sentido hipotético y adquiere un significado fáctico, que justifica el uso del indicativo. Comparemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Por poco que estudies&lt;/strong&gt; , pasarás el examen. Es muy fácil. (= No importa cuán poco/Independientemente de cuán poco estudies, pasarás el examen.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;Por lo poco que estudias&lt;/strong&gt; , es un milagro que hayas pasado el examen. (= Considerando lo poco que estudias / Puesto/Dado que estudias poco, es un milagro que hayas pasado el examen.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;Por más/mucho que estudies&lt;/strong&gt; , no pasarás el examen. Es muy difícil. (= No importa cuánto estudies/Independientemente de cuánto estudies, no pasarás el examen.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) &lt;strong&gt;Por lo mucho que estudias&lt;/strong&gt; , deberías pasar el examen. (= Considerando lo mucho que estudias / Puesto/Dado que estudias mucho, deberías pasar el examen.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las subordinadas en (1) y (3) son claramente concesivas. (2) y (4) tienen significado causal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T19:00:32.003" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T19:00:32.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19778" CreationDate="2017-02-18T18:48:24.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una buena opción -- que de hecho se utiliza, por ejemplo, en el ámbito hospitalario, donde los residentes, a pesar de estar matriculados, cuentan con la tulela o el padrinazgo de un profesional más experimentado -- es &quot;tener como referente a X&quot; o &quot;contar con X como referente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducciones posibles de las oraciones en cuestión serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hoy nuestro nuevo becario tendrá como referente al experto en resolución de problemas (&lt;em&gt;any other better translation for&lt;/em&gt; &quot;scrum master&quot; &lt;em&gt;will be most welcome&lt;/em&gt;) a fin de aprender cómo nuestros distintos equipos aplican esa técnica en la oficina.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Como nuevo residente, pude contar con Dr. X como referente en el quirófano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una oración como : &quot; &lt;em&gt;I'm shadowing X (in a certain task)&lt;/em&gt; &quot; se traduciría como &quot;X es mi referente (en tal área/tarea)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Job shadow&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;work shadowing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; podrían traducirse como &quot;trabajar/trabajo  con un referente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T19:03:36.137" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T19:03:36.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19780" CreationDate="2017-02-18T20:06:31.820" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike Spanish, English has a strong, widespread tendency to use abbreviations whenever possible. No such thing happens in Spanish. We could say, practically as a joke to imitate the English abbreviation, things like: &quot;Vive en USA,&quot; but this is only allowed in colloquial language. Also, unlike other abbreviations like UK, the initials &quot;USA&quot; form a word that can be pronounced in Spanish as if it were a word in the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surfing the Internet, I just confirmed my suspicion that &quot;Dominicana&quot; can be used as a short form for &quot;República Dominicana.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice, however, that the official name is as specified &lt;a href=&quot;http://academia.org.do/como-se-debe-hacer-referencia-a-nuestro-pais-la-republica-dominicana-o-republica-dominicana/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. In documents from that country I have often seen &quot;R.D.&quot;, but this will occur in writing, not in speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say: &quot;Cuando vivía en &lt;strong&gt;la República Dominicana&lt;/strong&gt;...,&quot; or &quot;Cuando vivía en &lt;strong&gt;República Dominicana&lt;/strong&gt;...,&quot; or &quot;Cuando vivía en &lt;strong&gt;Dominicana&lt;/strong&gt;...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In writing only, you can say, &quot;Esto solo se aplica al entrar en &lt;strong&gt;R.D.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T22:11:35.290" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T22:11:35.290" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-18T21:34:36.750" Score="2" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there are any native Catalan speakers on this forum, but when referring to the language spoken in the rest of Spain or in Central/South America, do Catalan speakers call it &quot;Espanyol&quot; or &quot;Castellano&quot;?  Or is it situation-dependent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14965" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T16:52:40.277" Title="Catalan word for the Spanish language" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-20T11:45:25.593" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19778" CreationDate="2017-02-19T00:58:17.053" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es un buen ejemplo de la complejidad y precisión del español para acciones subjetivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To shadow tiene varios usos en inglés, pero en español existe un verbo para cada caso aplicable a to shadow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más general a &amp;quot;to shadow&amp;quot; sería &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XT8l8aE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;*sequīre&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. &lt;em&gt;sequi&lt;/em&gt; 'seguir', con la&#xA;t. de &lt;em&gt;ire&lt;/em&gt; 'ir'. Conjug. c. pedir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. tr. Observar atentamente el curso de un negocio o los movimientos de alguien o algo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11. tr. Imitar o hacer algo por el ejemplo que alguien ha dado de ello.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;14. prnl. Dicho de una cosa: Suceder a otra por orden, turno o número, o ser continuación de ella.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si nos referimos a lo primero en una relación de jerarquía tácita, el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XQFzn71&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;secundar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se ajusta más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;secundāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. tr. Apoyar, cooperar con alguien ayudándole en la realización de sus propósitos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:28:58.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19788" CreationDate="2017-02-19T01:17:38.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un debate delicado, especialmente para los más pro hispanistas. Cuando un catalán, gallego, euskera o asturiano se refiere al español, lo hace por los variados dialectos/idiomas presentes en la península ibérica. Cuando hablamos de castellano, nos referimos a la lengua hablada primeramente en Castilla, España. Esta lengua fue la que llegó a América y Filipinas, por lo que, al menos en Latinoamérica, se habla de Castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es un catalán, euskera, gallego, etc., el que se refiere al idioma español, hay que tener mucha delicadeza al tratar ese tema. La identidad social en la península ibérica es plural. Durante el régimen de Franco se obligó a todos a hablar español castellano, castigando a quienes hablaban español de otras variantes como el catalán o el gallego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para efectos prácticos, el castellano es un tipo de español. Y el catalán hará la diferencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te recomiendo que leas este link sobre la problemática sobre ambos nombres. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%A9mica_en_torno_a_espa%C3%B1ol_o_castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discusión sobre el Castellano y el español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T01:17:38.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5205" CreationDate="2017-02-19T02:41:56.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chamo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionario&lt;/a&gt; dice que solo se usa en Venezuela con el significado de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser humano de corta edad, en especial el que no ha llegado a la pubertad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Chamo.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asihablamos&lt;/a&gt; dice que se usa en Colombia para referirse de forma peyorativa a los venezolanos. El propio traductor de Google sugiere que se usa también en Ecuador, con el significado que se le da en Venezuela (niño o persona inmadura).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ua5jI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ua5jI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T02:41:56.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5205" CreationDate="2017-02-19T22:11:07.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt; siempre es una buena ayuda para estas dudas. En este caso, indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=L1QJUJi36x0A13dt82x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chamo, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Del ingl. chum).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. y f. ES, Cu, Ve. Niño o adolescente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ve. juv. Amigo o compañero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  ES. Persona, individuo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que se usa en El Salvador, Cuba y Venezuela para designar a un niño o adolescente, mientras que la acepción de amigo o compañero solamente se usa en Venezuela. Finalmente, solo en El Salvador se usa para definir a una persona en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T22:11:07.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19797" CreationDate="2017-02-19T22:57:55.250" Score="7" ViewCount="7452" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una conversación en familia surgió esta duda sobre el antónimo de insípido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en wordreference encontré una respuesta, no me convence del todo y en el sitio de la RAE encuentro la definición pero no hay referencia al antónimo por lo que hago la pregunta aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra que mejor se acomoda a ser antónimo de &lt;strong&gt;insípido&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T07:54:18.140" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:47:12.950" Title="Antónimo de insípido" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19794" CreationDate="2017-02-19T23:01:22.050" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta que la RAE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ll5gYt7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;insípido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;em&gt;Falto de sabor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Que no tiene el grado de sabor que debiera o pudiera tener&lt;/em&gt;, en el plano estrictamente gastronómico yo apostaría por centrarme en la parte de la falta de sabor y buscar aquello que específicamente lo tiene:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WuWsJ0U&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabroso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. saporōsus.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Sazonado y grato al sentido del gusto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Delicioso, gustoso, deleitable al ánimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T23:01:22.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19798" CreationDate="2017-02-20T03:20:29.477" Score="8" ViewCount="5249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que las expresiones &lt;em&gt;estar confortable&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar a gusto&lt;/em&gt; suelen ser intercambiables para explicar la sensación de &quot;feeling comfortable&quot; en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno podría decir, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él me parece confortable sentado allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él me parece a gusto sentado allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero tiene cada expresión algún sentido particular? ¿Hay ocasiones en las que no se debe usar una u otra? ¿O será que son completamente intercambiables? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T07:24:57.493" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:21:29.520" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;estar confortable&quot; y &quot;estar a gusto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19794" CreationDate="2017-02-20T03:26:58.090" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XGyqwkB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sápido&lt;/a&gt; es un sinónimo de sabroso, pero tiene la connotación de que algo tiene &quot;algún sabor&quot; mientras que &quot;sabroso&quot; llega a ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Delicioso&lt;/strong&gt;, gustoso, deleitable al ánimo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos algo &quot;superlativo&quot; para el rato de sabor podemos usar entonces &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HLo5xx8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;exquisito&lt;/a&gt;&quot; para señalar que algo es (en sabor)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De singular y extraordinaria calidad, primor o gusto en su especie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ycvgqfx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Suculento&lt;/a&gt;&quot; sería otro adjetivo que podemos usar para evidenciar que algo tiene sabor y calidad y es apetecible al gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jugoso, sustancioso, exquisito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, la mayoría de esos sinónimos hacen referencia a &quot;buen sabor&quot; cuando un antónimo de &quot;insípido&quot; sería que algo tiene en cierta medida sabor, ya sea agradable o desagradable. Por eso yo me quedaría con &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sápido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como antónimo de &quot;insípido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T04:56:12.770" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T04:56:12.770" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19796" CreationDate="2017-02-20T03:37:31.397" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi la diferencia radicaría en que &lt;code&gt;confortable&lt;/code&gt; se usa más para lo físico. Un sofá o una cama son confortables y tú puedes estar a confortable en ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;A gusto&lt;/code&gt; es un poco más abstracto. Viene a significar que te sientes bien en una situación, pero no tiene por qué ser a nivel físico. Por ejemplo, a Juan, que le gusta la magia y el teatro, se siente &lt;strong&gt;a gusto&lt;/strong&gt; en el escenario, aunque debido al calor de los focos no siempre &lt;strong&gt;está confortable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno puede estar &lt;strong&gt;a gusto&lt;/strong&gt; en una fiesta, o a solas o en un trabajo. A pesar de que ambas expresiones puedes ser usadas como sinónimos, es menos frecuente oír que alguien está &quot;confortable&quot; en una fiesta (se entendería más en el sentido físico, de estar cómodo, que en el de sentirse feliz en la situación). Si alguien dice que está &quot;a gusto&quot; en el trabajo es que allí le va bien y le gusta lo que hace. Si está &quot;confortable&quot; en el trabajo, se entiende el término como una extensión de lo físico, y viene a significar que está &quot;cómodo, a sus anchas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T03:37:31.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19796" CreationDate="2017-02-20T03:52:09.193" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En castellano, es mucho más usual &quot;cómodo&quot; que &quot;confortable&quot;. También cabe recordar que, salvo que sean indispensables (por ejemplo, para marcar contraste), los pronombres suelen omitirse (de lo contrario, suenan a traducción).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo más que observo es que el pronombre &quot;me&quot;, si bien es gramaticalmente correcto, produce un efecto de complementación excesiva del verbo copulativo &quot;parece&quot; que no es tan común en la lengua oral o cotidiana, si bien -- reitero -- es perfectamente gramatical. En efecto, por un lado tenemos &quot;me parece a mí&quot; (&lt;em&gt;It seems to me&lt;/em&gt;) y por otro, &quot;él parece cómodo/a gusto&quot; (&lt;em&gt;he seems (to be) comfortable/at ease&lt;/em&gt;). La tendencia habitual sería utilizar, al igual que en inglés, una proposición nominal (&lt;em&gt;It seems to me &lt;strong&gt;that he is comfortable/at ease&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), si bien este idioma también nos permite decir: &lt;em&gt;He seems to me to be comfortable/at ease sitting there.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, tenemos entonces las oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Me parece que está cómodo sentado allí / Parece cómodo sentado allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Me parece que está a gusto sentado allí / Parece a gusto sentado allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas expresiones, &quot;cómodo&quot; y &quot;a gusto&quot;, son muy similares. La única diferencia que observo es que, si se trata sólo de una comodidad &quot;física&quot;, tenderemos a utilizar &quot;cómodo&quot;. &quot;a gusto&quot; casi exclusivamente se refiere a una comodidad de tipo &quot;emocional&quot;, como significando que alguien se siente como en su casa, relajado, en armonía. &quot;cómodo&quot; puede utilizarse en cualquiera de los dos casos (comodidad &quot;física&quot; o &quot;emocional/afectiva&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T22:21:29.520" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:21:29.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19801" CreationDate="2017-02-20T03:52:17.117" Score="3" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés hay una expresión que dice &quot;to paint yourself/themselves in a corner&quot;. Este modismo literalmente significa &quot;pintarse en una esquina&quot; y su significado es bastante gráfico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que nadie pinta realmente el suelo, pero &quot;fregar&quot; valdría también para explicar el resultado de esta acción. El sentido figurado es que uno empieza a pintar o a fregar y de repente te das cuenta de que te has &quot;encerrado&quot; o arrinconado a ti mismo en una esquina y no puedes salir hasta que el suelo se seque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rwsJe.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rwsJe.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este modismo se usa para resaltar que una persona orgullosa se arrincona a sí misma en una conversación o discusión. En lugar de admitir un error al principio la persona sigue discutiendo intentando demostrar que no está equivocada, pero en lugar de hacerlo cada vez se arrincona más en una situación de la que es más y mas difícil salir salvando el orgullo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa en español la expresión &quot;pintarse en una esquina&quot;? ¿Hay algún otro modismo similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T07:31:55.317" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T11:06:18.533" Title="¿Se usa en español &quot;Pintarse en una esquina&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19800" CreationDate="2017-02-20T07:53:17.937" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;pintarse en una esquina&quot; así tal cual no me suena para nada en español. Como alternativas, la primera palabra que se me ocurre es la que tú propones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3lJn79Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrinconar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Acosar a alguien no dejándole escape. U. m. en sent. fig.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo se puede usar como pronominal, y así tendríamos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrinconarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o también se usa como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quedarse arrinconado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Luego me puse a buscar otras opciones. Busqué por &lt;em&gt;encerrar&lt;/em&gt; y vi que una de las acepciones redirigía al siguiente verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F2bzf3W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encastillar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de una persona: Perseverar con tesón, y a veces con obstinación, en su parecer y dictamen, sin atender a razones en contrario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción se parece bastante a lo que comentas, aunque no llega a contener el matiz de llegar a quedarse arrinconado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como última opción, una expresión del castellano antiguo que aún hoy se usa en España (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/?gws_rd=ssl#q=sostenella%20y%20no%20enmendalla&amp;amp;tbm=nws&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos&lt;/a&gt;) y que también se me ha venido a la cabeza al leer tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/Expresiones/?Sostenella-y-no-enmendalla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sostenella y no enmendalla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (leído con &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; geminada: &lt;em&gt;ŀl&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión define la actitud de quien persiste empecinadamente en&#xA;  errores garrafales, incluso a sabiendas, por orgullo o por mantener&#xA;  las apariencias, aunque el mantener el error cause un daño peor que no&#xA;  mantenerlo, y a ellos se le dice. La forma es la del castellano&#xA;  antiguo (en lugar de &quot;sostenerla y no enmendarla&quot;) porque definía la&#xA;  actitud y el concepto del honor de los antiguos hidalgos que, según&#xA;  algunos, una vez habían desenvainado la espada por algún agravio,&#xA;  aunque se hubieran equivocado, no tenían más remedio que sostenerla y&#xA;  usarla hasta el final, so pena de quedar en entredicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En visto también en el CORDE que otras posibles formas de usar esta frase son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Defendella y no enmendalla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mantenella y no enmendalla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah, bueno, y ya como sinónimos de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6QrkS7M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cabezonería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aYPXdWU#6UvaSx4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estarse, mantenerse,&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;seguir,&lt;/strong&gt; alguien &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; sus&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;trece&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Persistir con pertinacia en algo que ha aprendido o empezado a ejecutar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Mantener a todo trance su opinión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T11:06:18.533" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T11:06:18.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19788" CreationDate="2017-02-20T09:15:24.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I studied the language at school, subject name was &lt;em&gt;Llengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;. But you can use both, all Catalan dictionaries and the one from &lt;em&gt;Enciclopèdia Catalana&lt;/em&gt; does not make a distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Castellà (-ana)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m LING Llengua romànica de l'agrupament iberoromànic, parlada a la major part de l'estat espanyol i de les antigues colònies castellanes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lengua románica hablada en la mayor parte del estado español y de las antiguas colonias castellanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;espanyol (-a)     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m LING Castellà.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.diccionari.cat/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T09:26:55.027" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T09:26:55.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19788" CreationDate="2017-02-20T11:09:57.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usual word used in Catalan for Spanish language is &quot;castellà&quot;, and in Catalonia the most usual word for Spanish language in Spanish is also &quot;castellano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the use of &quot;espanyol&quot; and &quot;español&quot; has been favoured by both sides, for political reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Spanish nationalists, it emphasizes the link between Spanish language, Spanish nation and Spanish state, therefore supporting Spanish unity and uniformity. This usage was common in official language during Francoism but it is the opposite of the wording in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;articles 3.1 and 3.2 of Spanish Constitution&lt;/a&gt;, where it mentions &lt;em&gt;castellano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Catalan nationalists, by linking Spanish language, nation and state, it emphasizes that non-Spanish speaking regions are not linked to Spain. I've heard claims like &quot;Spanish is &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; Spanish language. Therefore, since my language is not Spanish, I'm not Spanish.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13947" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-02T16:52:40.277" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T16:52:40.277" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19813" CreationDate="2017-02-20T12:30:54.343" Score="3" ViewCount="399" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que se está extendiendo una práctica curiosa entre los jóvenes británicos (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5064/1674&quot;&gt;del Reino Unido, vaya&lt;/a&gt;) que quieren que sus vacaciones de verano les salgan baratas, cuando no gratis: de acuerdo con una ley de protección del consumidor de Reino Unido, se pueden denunciar servicios hasta tres años después de haberlo utilizado, sin que sea necesario utilizar pruebas demasiado contrastadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, esto se utiliza para denunciar a cadenas de hoteles arguyendo que allí cogieron una enfermedad por una comida en mal estado o cosas así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto lo comento porque en la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2017-02-19/benidorm-hoteles-estafa-claim-farms-britanicos-rincon-de-turismo_1334195/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los hoteles de Benidorm buscan sangre en las toallas para atajar la estafa británica&lt;/a&gt; lo explican y mencionan quién está llevando a cabo estos procesos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así las cosas, las populares &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;claim farms&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; británicas -firmas de abogados buitre que han puesto en jaque antes a sectores como el del automóvil o la sanidad pública- han aprovechado el vacío legal para hacer foco en el turismo. Se anuncian incluso en grandes carteles en el metro: &quot;¿Unas malas vacaciones? Llámenos, conseguiremos su dinero de vuelta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me resulta curioso es el concepto de &lt;em&gt;claim farms&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que inmediatamente me he puesto a pensar en palabras equivalentes en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción directa sería &lt;em&gt;granjas de reclamación&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;farm&lt;/em&gt; también puede traducirse como &lt;em&gt;centro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;semillero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reserva&lt;/em&gt;. Así las cosas, visualizo opciones del estilo &lt;em&gt;recolectores de quejas&lt;/em&gt;, pero no me convence del todo porque entiendo que el concepto &lt;em&gt;claim farm&lt;/em&gt; no solo incluye la parte de &quot;recolectarlas&quot; sino también la de gestionarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál os parece que sería una buena traducción del concepto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:54:26.747" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;claim farms&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19804" CreationDate="2017-02-20T12:36:03.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi humilde sugerencia: &quot;Usinas de reclamos&quot; (aunque debo reconocer que el término &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bBSZVbI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usina&lt;/a&gt;&quot; puede ser algo localista). Si no, &quot;fábricas de reclamos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T03:24:49.833" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T03:24:49.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19796" CreationDate="2017-02-20T12:46:23.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, hay veces para usar estas oraciones. &#xA;Aunque ambas oraciones son algo similares debemos tener en cuenta qué oración será perfecta por tener el conocimiento apropiado de la situación como &lt;code&gt;Tensos&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;acciones&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pensamientos&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, &lt;code&gt;comfortable&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;like&lt;/code&gt; son dos palabras diferentes, pero casi similar en significado, por lo que por la situación de la oración tiene que ser preparado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15011" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T12:46:23.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19804" CreationDate="2017-02-20T13:39:43.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que lo que hacen estas empresas es gestionar las reclamaciones, yo propondría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;gestorías de reclamaciones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. No queda tan pintoresco como &lt;em&gt;granja&lt;/em&gt;, eso sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, me preguntaba si una &lt;em&gt;claim farm&lt;/em&gt; no sería parecido a lo que en España es una &lt;em&gt;oficina de defensa de los derechos del consumidor&lt;/em&gt;, como la OCU o FACUA, que se encargan de gestionar las quejas y reclamaciones de los consumidores. Lo que pasa es que estas entidades suelen ser organizaciones no gubernamentales o asociaciones, más que empresas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T13:39:43.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19808" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T18:51:03.403" Score="3" ViewCount="2579" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto ambas formas, que parecen significar &quot;however&quot; en inglés, pero no entiendo la diferencia entre las dos. ¿Alguien puede aclarar esta cuestión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2394" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T01:34:22.757" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T01:34:22.757" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;por más que&quot; y &quot;por menos que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19808" CreationDate="2017-02-20T22:24:15.770" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estas dos expresiones no significan lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por más que&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por más que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; transmite el mismo significado que &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sin importar que&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;regardless of the fact that&amp;quot; en inglés, o también &amp;quot;no matter how much&amp;quot;, o &amp;quot;however&amp;quot; en su sentido paralelo a &amp;quot;[who|when|what]ever)&amp;quot;, etc.). Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No voy a dejarte por más que me lo pidas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No voy a dejarte aunque me lo pidas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No voy a dejarte sin importar que me lo pidas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &amp;quot;I'm not leaving you no matter how much you ask.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por más que el precio baje nadie va a comprarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;Aunque el precio baje nadie va a comprarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No importa cuánto baje el precio, nadie va a comprarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &amp;quot;However much the price is lowered, no-one will buy it.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en la traducción al inglés &amp;quot;however much&amp;quot; equivale más bien al español &lt;em&gt;sin importar cuánto&lt;/em&gt;. No hay mucha diferencia en este caso pero al final haré una aclaración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por menos que&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entretanto, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por menos que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hacer otra cosa que&lt;/em&gt; (en inglés, &amp;quot;but&amp;quot;). Es una frase idiomática que se usa sólo con el verbo &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; en negativo, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No puedo por menos que estar de acuerdo con eso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No puedo sino estar de acuerdo con eso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No puedo hacer otra cosa que estar de acuerdo con eso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &amp;quot;I cannot but agree with that.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del dialecto, se puede omitir el &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo, yo diría simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No puedo menos que lamentarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &amp;quot;I cannot but regret (it).&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por más que vs. por mucho que&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una aclaración final: &lt;em&gt;por más que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;por mucho que&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos y muchas veces pueden usarse intercambiablemente, pero no siempre. La diferencia es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;por más que&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;sin importar que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sin importar si&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, en inglés, &amp;quot;no matter whether&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;por mucho que&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;sin importar cuánto&lt;/em&gt;, es decir &amp;quot;no matter how much&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que da aproximadamente lo mismo decir estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por más que llores…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Por mucho que llores…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(en inglés la traducción más natural sería &amp;quot;No matter how much you cry…&amp;quot;)… pero no es lo mismo decir estas dos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por mucho que ganes…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Por más que ganes…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera se traduciría como &amp;quot;No matter how much you win/gain…&amp;quot; pero la segunda sería &amp;quot;Regardless of whether you win…&amp;quot;. La pequeña diferencia de significado hace que el verbo &lt;em&gt;ganar&lt;/em&gt; adopte uno u otro sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T22:24:15.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3788" CreationDate="2017-02-21T01:17:45.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, al contrario que en inglés, hay una especie de concordancia en los negativos. Lo gramaticalmente correcto es la doble o triple negativa, donde corresponda. Por eso es correcto decir &lt;em&gt;no hay nadie nunca en esta casa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo también existen ciertas reglas de distribución: en la frase &lt;em&gt;nunca no hay nadie en esta casa&lt;/em&gt; sí ocurre que una doble negativa se transforma en afirmación: &lt;em&gt;nunca no hay nadie&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;siempre hay alguien&lt;/em&gt;. Por supuesto, la frase que realmente se usa en la práctica es la segunda, mientras que la primera suena rara y rebuscada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También ocurre este cambio (doble negativa → afirmación) en los ejemplos siguientes (también rebuscados):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ninguna persona no lo vio.&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Todos lo vieron.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Nadie no está aquí.&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Todos están aquí.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco la explicación técnica de esto pero es obvio que la negación verbal con &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es la que marca el límite, ya que las dos siguientes se vuelven negativas válidas sólo con modificar el orden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No lo vio ninguna persona.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;No lo vio nadie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;No está aquí nadie.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;No está aquí ninguno de ellos.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T01:17:45.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T03:43:01.623" Score="3" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trabajando en un proyecto para mejorar la formación de nuevos empleados en mi empresa, he recordado que cuando yo empecé en ella, en las dos semanas iniciales que tuve de formación, mucha gente repetía &amp;quot;It is like &lt;strong&gt;drinking (or sipping) from the firehose&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción directa sería algo así como tratar de beber o dar un sorbito de la manguera de incendios (no una manguera de regar, sino una de camión de bomberos en la que el agua sale con gran caudal y presión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto por supuesto hace referencia a la necesidad de tratar de aprender algo nuevo cuando te están desbordando a información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(idiomatic) To be overwhelmed (with work, information, etc.); to be inundated with an uncapped, unfiltered amount&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(idiomatic) To take a small amount from an enormous, hard-to-manage quantity  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/drink_from_a_firehose&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún modismo o refrán en español que tenga el significado de &amp;quot;drinking/sipping from the firehose&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T04:17:23.473" Title="¿Modismo para &quot;drinking from the firehose&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19804" CreationDate="2017-02-21T04:19:54.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría literalmente por &quot;&lt;strong&gt;granjas de reclamaciones&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;granjas de demandas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Entiendo que &lt;code&gt;claim&lt;/code&gt; puede ser traducido de muchas maneras (aunque posiblemente &lt;em&gt;denuncia, demanda&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;reclamación&lt;/em&gt; son las más relevantes en este contexto) y que tu reserva es sobre el uso de &quot;granja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien apuntas (copiando libremente de la pregunta):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;strong&gt;farm&lt;/strong&gt; también puede traducirse como centro, semillero, reserva. [...] entiendo que el concepto &lt;code&gt;claim farm&lt;/code&gt; no solo incluye la parte de &quot;recolectarlas&quot; sino también la de gestionarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una buena observación, centrada en la gestión razonable de un negocio o producción. Sin embargo creo que el uso de &quot;granja&quot; en este término no sería como el de &quot;cómo gestionamos (bien) una granja&quot;, es decir: &quot;tenemos unas vaquillas, las cuidamos, ellas nos dan leche que embotellamos y procesamos con cuidado, etc&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que aquí el concepto de granja es más &lt;strong&gt;peyorativo&lt;/strong&gt;, en plan &quot;tengo a los animales hacinados pero me da igual. Que den leche y huevos a más no poder que lo que tengo aquí es un negocio&quot;. Irónicamente (o no) sería el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R9uLDKZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ordeñar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en su tercera acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Obtener el máximo provecho posible de algo o alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, cuando &quot;ordeñar&quot; llega a &quot;exprimir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que muchas de estas granjas funcionan más a base de cantidad que calidad. Cuando tienes muchas demandas saturas a otros gabinetes de abogados o gestorías, o a la administración misma, y terminas ganando no porque tu reclamación tenga más o menos base, sino por la falta de recursos del sistema o de la otra parte para procesarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen otros tipos de granjas, como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/aug/02/click-farms-appearance-online-popularity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click farms&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. De &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Click_farm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a large group of low-paid workers are &lt;strong&gt;hired to click&lt;/strong&gt; on paid advertising links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que estos clicks fraudulentos (en publicidad o &quot;Likes&quot; de Facebook) no los hace un &lt;em&gt;bot&lt;/em&gt; sino un humano en un país subdesarrollado de forma manual. Por eso son &quot;granjas&quot;. Tienes ahí a &quot;nosecuantas&quot; personas, hacinadas en habitaciones, dándole a un click una y otra y otra vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera vez que yo oí de estas granjas fue en referencia al juego World of Warcraft (creo). Básicamente, en estas granjas la gente hacía click y click y click para realizar algunas de las tareas más básicas del juego, como cortar leña. Por esta acción, al personaje del juego le daban una moneda de oro (o cobre o lo que fuese). El señor (real) que trabaja en la granja se pasa el día haciendo click y click y click y digamos que consigue 1000 monedas de oro virtuales, que luego a se venden por un $1 (o lo que sea) real a otros jugadores del juego. Ese era el modelo de negocio de la granja: convertir repetitivos clicks en dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya por último otro artículo-referencia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businessinsider.com/how-low-paid-workers-at-click-farms-create-appearance-of-online-popularity-2013-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;With Click Farms Where Workers Sit In Dingy Rooms, Bars On The Windows, Generating 1,000 Likes For $1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título lo dice todo. Los trabajadores están casi como ganado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que este no es el caso de la gente en Reino Unido, pero el concepto de &quot;Farm&quot; con esas connotaciones procede del mismo sitio: tener a la gente casi esclavizada para producir en masa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es ese &quot;modelo de producción&quot; lo que define a esta entidad y por eso lo traduciría como &quot;granja&quot;, con esas connotaciones tan peyorativas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T12:54:26.747" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:54:26.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19815" CreationDate="2017-02-21T04:21:35.293" Score="2" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;In the cupboard&amp;quot; → &amp;quot;En la despensa&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;On the cupboard&amp;quot; → &amp;quot;Encima de la despensa&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;On the table&amp;quot; → &amp;quot;En la mesa&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;In the table&amp;quot; → &amp;quot;???&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es una mesa con la despensa. La superficie de la mesa se abre. Esto es mi la mesa arquetipo. Se abre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13992" LastEditorUserId="13992" LastEditDate="2021-02-12T17:36:41.797" LastActivityDate="2021-02-12T17:36:41.797" Title="How do you say &quot;in the table&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19814" CreationDate="2017-02-21T06:12:26.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dentro de la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=dentro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dentro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;adv&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inside&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dentro de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2.1 (=&lt;em&gt;en el interior de&lt;/em&gt;) in, inside&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2.2 (= &lt;em&gt;después de&lt;/em&gt;) in&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2.3 (= &lt;em&gt;en los límites de&lt;/em&gt;) within&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged - 8th Edition 2005 © HarperCollins Publishers&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Variant: Adentro de la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T06:12:26.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19812" CreationDate="2017-02-21T07:28:35.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagino que la expresión hace hincapié en la dificultad de extraer algo de un flujo demasiado grande de información, más que en el hecho de que te estén desbordando con demasiada información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio he recordado una expresión muy típica y coloquial que se usa cuando recibes algo en grandes cantidades, y que además ya &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17351/12637&quot;&gt;ha sido tratada aquí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=are90sf#DMxWR4E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por un tubo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. En gran cantidad. &lt;em&gt;Gana dinero por un tubo.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. loc. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede perfectamente decir que estás &quot;recibiendo información por un tubo&quot;. Se entiende la sensación de estar desbordado, y se puede inferir de la expresión (aunque no lo diga expresamente) que luego te queda la tarea de aprender y extraer lo más importante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si habrá alguna expresión que cuadre más exactamente con el original, aunque es bastante probable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T07:28:35.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19819" CreationDate="2017-02-21T08:22:19.927" Score="11" ViewCount="2323" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace tiempo, en mi época álgida de estudiar japonés, una de las cosas que me dio por hacer fue traducir directamente desde este idioma los primeros tomos del manga de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candy_Candy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Candy Candy&lt;/a&gt;. Uno de los puntos donde tuve problemas fue con la traducción de la palabra おてんば (otenba) que, al igual que el inglés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tomboy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomboy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&quot;a girl who behaves in a manner usually considered boyish&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, palabra que se usó en la traducción inglesa), se puede usar para designar a una &quot;niña poco femenina&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zplpE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zplpE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Candy Candy: &amp;quot;otenba-san&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Archibald se despide con un beso de Candy llamándola &quot;otenba-san&quot;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra se puede usar tanto en su versión en inglés como en japonés como una palabra cariñosa, para designar a aquellas niñas que prefieren los juegos y las actitudes más propias de los niños. Recuerdo que me quedé un poco confuso, porque la palabra que se me ocurría era &lt;em&gt;marimacho&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;mujer que en su corpulencia o acciones parece hombre&quot;), pero se refiere a mujeres y hace referencia a la forma física al igual que al comportamiento, y no me suena como una palabra cariñosa. En algunas traducciones he visto que usan simplemente &lt;em&gt;chiquilla&lt;/em&gt;, perdiendo la traducción esa connotación de niña vivaracha y con energía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final un amigo mío que también se dedica a las traducciones desde el japonés me recomendó usar &lt;em&gt;fierecilla&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual me pareció una solución muy elegante dado que recoge el espíritu indomable del personaje y es un término que está en el punto justo intermedio entre lo tierno y lo punzante, según quién y cómo lo pronuncie. Y así se quedó. Sin embargo, sigo preguntándome si no habría habido un término más adecuado que no diera tantos rodeos. Así pues, &lt;strong&gt;¿existe un término en español que defina a las niñas que se comportan más como niños, y que sea de uso cariñoso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: me encanta la frase de ejemplo que me ha dado el traductor de Google, dado que pasa lo mismo en español con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QNvenrv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nenaza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's still cute for a girl to be a tomboy, but a terrible insult to call a boy a sissy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:00:32.293" LastActivityDate="2021-03-08T21:34:49.560" Title="¿Cuál podría ser una palabra cariñosa para describir a una niña con actitudes de niño?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12953" CreationDate="2017-02-21T12:19:06.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there is an easier way to translate the sentence, using the same approach as in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12955/12637&quot;&gt;Blas Soriano's answer&lt;/a&gt;. First of all, in your example &quot;as of today&quot; must be translated as &quot;a día de hoy&quot;. And given that the action is located in the present, you can use the present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As of today, I have not heard from him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A día de hoy no sé nada de él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be translated as &quot;right know I know nothing of him&quot;. You can use the present also in the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have not heard from him in a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hace tiempo que no sé nada de él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the present tense sounds more natural for me than &lt;em&gt;he sabido&lt;/em&gt;, although that option is also valid. Also in questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you heard something from him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Sabes algo de él?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe not in affirmative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yes, I have heard that he is going to marry again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí, he sabido que se va a volver a casar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Sí, me he enterado de que se va a volver a casar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is possible because in Spanish the verb &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; can be used to express that you have a certain knowledge (now) as well as for referencing the moment you got that knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:19:06.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-02-21T13:12:48.997" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis propuestas: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;varonera&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (no es cariñosa, pero tampoco necesariamente despectiva, sino más bien neutra: &lt;em&gt;Es un poco varonera / Es medio varonera&lt;/em&gt;), o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;diablilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (si bien este epíteto hace referencia a que la niña es traviesa, si suponemos que una nena suele ser más tranquila que un varón, podríamos entender que su eventual naturaleza movediza la hace menos femenina que el común de las nenas). (Nota: En alguna entrevista, recuerdo claramente a Borges referise a los niños en general como &quot;diablillos&quot;. En verdad, no creo que le gustaran mucho o que les tuviera mucha paciencia...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T13:12:48.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19832" CreationDate="2017-02-21T14:37:19.533" Score="1" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy haciendo un pequeño módulo de contabilidad, que permita a la empresa tener un control del flujo de caja (&lt;em&gt;cash flow&lt;/em&gt;) registrando las previsiones de pagos y cobros a futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy montando un pequeño esquema de base de datos (muy sencillo), tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PROYECTOS            FACTURAS          MOVIMIENTOS&#xA;---------            --------          -----------&#xA;ID                   ID                ID&#xA;...                  ID_PROYECTO       ID_FACTURA&#xA;                     CONCEPTO          FECHA&#xA;                     ...               CUANTÍA&#xA;                                       ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta forma se pueden asociar facturas a proyectos, y para cada factura puede haber una serie de movimientos bancarios previstos (en caso de que la factura se pague en varios plazos, por ejemplo), definidos por la cuantía y la fecha de cada movimiento. Sin embargo, me llega el economista y me dice que en la tabla de facturas va a haber diferentes conceptos, y no solamente facturas. Así, puede haber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Facturas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nóminas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domiciliaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuotas de préstamos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Devoluciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como no soy economista, lo único que se me ocurre son términos globales como &lt;em&gt;objeto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;concepto&lt;/em&gt;, aunque este último lo pensaba reservar para el campo con la descripción de la factura (tal y como se ve en el esquema).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿existe algún término económico que refleje este tipo de operaciones bancarias de forma más profesional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T07:27:31.823" Title="¿Existe algún término que englobe una serie de conceptos económicos como &quot;factura&quot;, &quot;nómina&quot;, &quot;domiciliación&quot;, etc.?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-02-21T15:41:40.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como palabra algo menos ofensiva que &amp;quot;marimacho&amp;quot;, a veces he oído (sureste de España) usar &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;machota&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NnnfGOn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;machota&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Mujer hombruna, marimacho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;P. Rico.&lt;/em&gt; Mujer garrida y lozana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso viene a ser el mismo que &amp;quot;machote&amp;quot; pero en niñas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La menor carga ofensiva viene porque &amp;quot;machota&amp;quot; se asocia semánticamente con &amp;quot;machote&amp;quot;, que se suele usar en un contexto desenfadado e incluso positivo para el niño. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para niño: &lt;em&gt;Te has terminado toda la comida, ¡estás hecho un machote!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Para niña: &lt;em&gt;Te has terminado toda la comida, ¡estás hecha una machota!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &amp;quot;marimacho&amp;quot; se asocia semánticamente con &amp;quot;maricón&amp;quot;, que (como espero estemos todos de acuerdo) es tremendamente ofensivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T06:18:07.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19827" CreationDate="2017-02-21T16:54:57.173" Score="2" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay formas diminutivas o afectativas que ocupan una ´c´, como ¨dar un minutico¨ o ¨pagar la cuotica¨. Supongo que sirven para evitar los supuestos malos sonidos de ¨minutito¨ y ¨cuotita¨.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta regla, ¿o será aceptada por la RAE, o informalidad común y corriente, o regionalismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿hay algún detalle sobre la acentuación de aquellas palabras? A mi oído, suenan así como minutíco y cuótica, pero me debo estar engañando ya que esta última no respeta la regla del énfasis en la penúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T17:48:19.100" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T10:53:45.620" Title="Diminutivos de sustantivos que terminan en -to/-ta" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19822" CreationDate="2017-02-21T17:06:45.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we look in the dictionary for -tico &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZibqWJB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; we find that it has an accent over the dash. This means that we should place an accent over the preceding syllable. So the answer to your question about accentuation is fairly clear. This Q&amp;amp;A gives more information &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19312/c%C3%B3mo-se-llama-el-s%C3%ADmbolo-%CC%81&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se llama el s&amp;#237;mbolo ‒́?&lt;/a&gt; about the symbol &lt;em&gt;guión con tilde&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T17:06:45.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19825" CreationDate="2017-02-21T17:11:26.973" Score="5" ViewCount="14163" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a good way to close an email in Spanish? I need something equal to closing with Best, in English to write back to a Spanish speaking colleague. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15023" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T16:06:40.247" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T13:28:19.447" Title="How to close an email" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19824" CreationDate="2017-02-21T17:46:11.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The equivalent to &lt;em&gt;Best Regards&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Best&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;strong&gt;Atentamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this quick example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola Alfredo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He recibido tu correo. Gracias por tu respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atentamente,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angel Alvarado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15026" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T19:07:27.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19814" CreationDate="2017-02-21T17:54:10.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la mesa&lt;/em&gt; is a good translation for both &lt;em&gt;On the table&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;In the table&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you can be very specific about where are the things placed. In contrast, Spanish can be very ambiguous and you'll need to say more in order to be more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dentro de la mesa&lt;/em&gt; is a good interpretation but if something is inside the table I'd rather say &lt;strong&gt;En el cajon de la mesa&lt;/strong&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15026" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T17:54:10.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19822" CreationDate="2017-02-21T19:54:18.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KsMjnBk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ico&lt;/a&gt; es siempre llano, como puedes ver en el diccionario. Por tanto, la pronunciación correcta sería, respectivamente, &lt;em&gt;minutíco&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuotíca&lt;/em&gt;, con el acento siempre en la penúltima sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ico, ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. And., Ar., Mur., Nav., Col., C. Rica, Cuba y Ven. Tiene valor diminutivo o afectivo. &lt;em&gt;Ratico, pequeñica, hermanico.&lt;/em&gt; A veces, toma&#xA;  las formas -ececico, -ecico, -cico. &lt;em&gt;Piececico, huevecico,&#xA;  resplandorcico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si te fijas el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ico&lt;/em&gt; tiene una fuerte componente regional (se usa en Andalucía, Aragón, Murcia y Navarra dentro de España, y en Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba y Venezuela). Por ejemplo, yo soy de Andalucía, pero suelo usar &lt;em&gt;minutito&lt;/em&gt; más que &lt;em&gt;minutico&lt;/em&gt;. No creo que sea cuestión de cacofonía, sino de la costumbre del hablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T10:53:45.620" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T10:53:45.620" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19828" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T20:10:45.033" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that in Spanish, when using an exclamation mark at the end of a sentence, we also need an upside down one at the beginning. The same is the case with question marks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: ¡Adiós! - ¡Hasta luego! - ¡Chao! ¿Cómo te llamas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) What is the reason or explanation for this doubling?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) What is the reason for putting the beginning matk an upside down?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14338" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T20:10:45.033" Title="Why does Spanish use always double reading marks?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-22T08:10:44.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19824" CreationDate="2017-02-21T20:14:17.747" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it would be good to complete this for other possible readers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very formal, usually only used in cases where the email/letter will (or can) be used legally or to customers, providers, etc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin otro particular, atentamente,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Name/company&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same case when you expect a response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin otro particular y a la espera de sus noticias, atentamente,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case you can also use &quot;&lt;em&gt;a la espera de sus &lt;strong&gt;prontas&lt;/strong&gt; noticias&lt;/em&gt;&quot; if you want to &quot;suggest&quot; urgency without being impolite.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The form &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sin otro particular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is just a formality to indicate you have finished writing, and &quot;&lt;em&gt;atentamente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the closing. In other Spanish speaking countries (I'm from Spain), you could find other forms for both of them, but the basics in a formal email/letter are in this order: end of the email, closing, name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The forms proposed by &lt;em&gt;Zero Point&lt;/em&gt; in the comments, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Un cordial saludo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;Reciba un cordial saludo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, are equally valid as greetings but just &lt;strong&gt;a bit&lt;/strong&gt; less formal. A good example could be a letter to a customer where you want to seem a bit closer but still being formal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reciba un cordial saludo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Name/company&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think you can be less formal, you can just omit the &lt;em&gt;end of the email&lt;/em&gt; part, that is the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sin otro particular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; form.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note that to use both &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sin otro particular&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;(reciba) un cordial saludo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can sound a bit bizarre to a Spanish speaker. It's just too long. So, even when you can use it, commonly that form is only used in less formal writings and, again, omitting the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sin otro particular&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In even less formal cases like letters to colleagues, internet forums, etc., you can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Saludos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which is almost the direct translation of &lt;em&gt;Greetings&lt;/em&gt;, by the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saludos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Name/company&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even omit your name in that case if you are sure the reader knows who you are.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also note that at this point, the &lt;em&gt;end of the letter&lt;/em&gt; has just disappeared, and it's not returning. The only really necessary part  is the &lt;em&gt;greetings&lt;/em&gt; part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, to family, friends, partners (sorry, I'm not sure if this word is right in English, I'm referring to girlfriends/boyfriends), people really close to you, just use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Un abrazo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (hug) or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Besos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (kisses), with all the affectionate, overly sweet or romantic words you'll want to add depending on the relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abrazos y besos a ti y a los tuyos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13956" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T16:05:10.410" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T16:05:10.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19814" CreationDate="2017-02-22T02:29:22.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate myself as &quot;Sobre la mesa&quot;. Even though the correct English form would be &quot;Over the table&quot;. Spanish is not specific all the time when referring to the positioning of objects and we often don't use &quot;in&quot; in the same way as it is used in English. We could say &quot;dentro de la mesa&quot; but that does not really make much sense unless we specify that it is in a cupboard or the table can be opened somehow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15029" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T02:29:22.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19820" CreationDate="2017-02-22T07:27:31.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al final hablando con el economista, resulta que un nombre que parece apropiado para la tabla lo había planteado yo ya en el texto de la pregunta sin darme cuenta: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Operaciones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. A fin de cuentas, cualquier movimiento de dinero corresponde a una operación bancaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T07:27:31.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19833" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19861" CreationDate="2017-02-22T08:49:11.417" Score="-1" ViewCount="2949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber la diferencia entre las palabras &lt;code&gt;good&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;fine&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien pregunta &lt;strong&gt;¿cómo está usted?&lt;/strong&gt; probablemente respondo algo como &lt;code&gt;I am good&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;I am fine&lt;/code&gt; en inglés, pero si quiero responder lo mismo en español, los respondería como &lt;code&gt;soy bueno&lt;/code&gt;  o &lt;code&gt;Estoy bien&lt;/code&gt;?. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cambia toda la oración? ¿Por qué no sólo las palabras ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15011" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T20:24:45.530" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T20:24:45.530" Title="¿Por qué &quot;I am good&quot; se traduce como &quot;soy bueno&quot; y &quot;I am fine&quot; como &quot;estoy bien&quot;, teniendo que cambiar el verbo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-02-22T10:43:44.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Venezuela, o al menos en el círculo social donde yo me crié, utilizamos &lt;code&gt;Macha&lt;/code&gt; (aunque realmente no es una palabra) para referirnos a este concepto de la manera menos peyorativa posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Ella vestía ropa de varón y llevaba el cabello corto, lo cual ha hacía parecer algo &lt;strong&gt;macha&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, puede ser mal visto si se utiliza con alguien con quien no se tenga la suficiente confianza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modo despectivo sería &lt;code&gt;Machorra&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;Marimacha&lt;/code&gt; pero estos serían mal vistos ¡incluso cuando exista confianza con la persona!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¡Eres &lt;em&gt;burda&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;strong&gt;machorra&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en Venezuela no utilizamos el término &lt;code&gt;Maricón&lt;/code&gt; de manera cotidiana, lo reducimos a &lt;code&gt;Marico&lt;/code&gt;, aunque en otros países comúnmente se utilice la forma femenina &lt;code&gt;Marica &lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;Mariquita&lt;/code&gt; (incluso en varones) y reservamos &lt;code&gt;Marica &lt;/code&gt; para mujeres exclusivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Ese &lt;em&gt;chamo&lt;/em&gt; sí es &lt;strong&gt;marico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¡&lt;em&gt;Épale&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;marica&lt;/strong&gt;!, ¿cómo está la &lt;em&gt;vaina&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún más curioso es que si bien &lt;code&gt;Marico&lt;/code&gt; se puede usar para referirse a un varón con características afeminadas o a un homosexual de manera peyorativa, &lt;code&gt;Marica&lt;/code&gt; en las mujeres no tiene mayor peso ¡y definitivamente no significa lo mismo que su contraparte masculina!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe destacar que en Venezuela cotidianamente utilizamos &lt;code&gt;Marico&lt;/code&gt; para referirnos a amigos cercanos y no tiene ninguna intención denigrante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¿Qué hubo, &lt;strong&gt;marico&lt;/strong&gt;, todo &lt;em&gt;fino&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verás, dado que las culturas hispánicas históricamente han sido en exceso patriarcales y homofóbicas, realmente no hay una palabra que no sea despectiva en nuestra lengua para referirnos a una persona que no actúe de acuerdo a los estándares &amp;quot;aceptados&amp;quot; de su sexo biológico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto es cuestión de cambiar la forma en que ciertas palabras y actitudes son vistas más que de inventar palabras nuevas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15029" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T11:34:13.120" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19838" CreationDate="2017-02-22T11:40:16.127" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vivo en Argentina y se me presentó el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le han dado clases de ciudadanía para que haya amado al país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto pensar que está mal por el hecho de que los dos verbos ocurren en el mismo tiempo (pretérito)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Seria mejor la siguiente versión o está siquiera permitida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le han dado clases de ciudadanía para que ame al país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T21:33:30.017" Title="¿&quot;han [...] para que haya&quot;... es correcto?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-22T12:12:38.770" Score="20" ViewCount="936" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;This is a canonical question about the differences and usage of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. Feel free to collaborate both in the question as in the answer. The introduction for the question is mainly extracted from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copula_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Esta es una pregunta canónica acerca de las diferencias en el uso de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;. Siéntete libre de colaborar tanto en la pregunta como en la respuesta. La introducción proviene en su mayor parte de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_copulativo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In linguistics, a copula is a word used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement). The word &lt;em&gt;copula&lt;/em&gt; derives from the Latin noun for a &amp;quot;link&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;tie&amp;quot; that connects two different things. Thus, a copula by itself can be pretty much empty in its meaning, being only the mentioned link between parts of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A copula is often a verb or a verb-like word, though this is not universally the case. Most languages have one main copula, although some (such as Spanish, Portuguese and Thai) have more than one, and some have none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copulas in the Romance languages usually consist of two different verbs that can be translated as &amp;quot;to be&amp;quot;, the main one from the Latin &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;, and a secondary one from &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish, both words came to be &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; (the etymology for both words &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18440/12637&quot;&gt;has already been covered&lt;/a&gt; in another question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This site already has a whole lot of questions about particular differences between the two verbs, so let us try to write one big answer covering the main aspects (not the nitpicks) about the current usage and differences between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the main differences between &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;? When to use each?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lingüística, una cópula es una palabra que se usa para conectar el sujeto de una oración con el predicado (el complemento del sujeto). La palabra &lt;em&gt;cópula&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín y significa &amp;quot;eslabón&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;enlace&amp;quot; que conecta dos cosas diferentes. Una cópula por sí misma puede carecer de significado, sirviendo únicamente para enlazar dos partes de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces, una cópula es un verbo o una palabra cuasi-verbo, aunque no siempre es así. La mayoría de los idiomas tiene una cópula principal; algunos, como el español, el portugués y el tailandés, tienen más de una; otros, en cambio, no tienen cópula alguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las cópulas en las lenguas románicas consisten generalmente en dos verbos diferentes: el principal, del latín &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;, y el secundario, del latín &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt;. En español estos verbos son &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; (la etimología &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18440/12637&quot;&gt;se cubrió en otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este sitio abundan las preguntas sobre diferencias específicas entre los dos verbos, así que vale la pena tener una única gran pregunta que abarque los aspectos principales acerca del uso actual de estos dos verbos, así como sus diferencias principales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuáles son las diferencias principales entre &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;? ¿Cuándo se usa cada uno?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T15:43:04.540" Title="What are the differences between &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot;? When to use each? // ¿Cuáles son las diferencias entre &quot;ser&quot; y &quot;estar&quot;? ¿Cuándo se usa cada uno?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19836" CreationDate="2017-02-22T12:12:38.770" Score="15" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;This is a stub for the answer. Feel free to collaborate, and remember to add links in case you add information coming from already answered questions.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;If you want to go deeper into the roots of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18440/12637&quot;&gt;Etymologically, why do &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; exist? / Etimol&amp;#243;gicamente, &amp;#191;por qu&amp;#233; existen &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Main differences between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As noted by their etymologies, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt;, and denotes the &lt;em&gt;essence&lt;/em&gt; of things. &lt;em&gt;Estar&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;stare&lt;/em&gt; and denotes &lt;em&gt;states&lt;/em&gt;. So as a general rule, use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; for essences (permanent conditions) and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; for states (that can be transitory or not).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pepe es aburrido&lt;/em&gt; (he's a boring person, in essence).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Pepe está aburrido&lt;/em&gt; (his state is bored now).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;María es inquieta&lt;/em&gt; (María is always restless).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;María está inquieta&lt;/em&gt; (María is not always restless, but she is now for some reason).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Juan es un muerto viviente&lt;/em&gt; (he is a zombie, in essence).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Juan está muerto&lt;/em&gt; (he's in a permanent state of being dead, but a state nonetheless).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; is used when something has a quality it is expected to have, whereas &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used when something has an unexpected quality:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La abuela de Juan es joven&lt;/em&gt; (she is a young grandmother).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La abuela de Juan está muy joven para tener 80 años&lt;/em&gt; (she looks young for her age).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; is used in the passive voice when a process is implied, whereas &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used when a state is implied:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La puerta fue cerrada por el viento&lt;/em&gt; (a process in which the door closes is referenced).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La puerta está cerrada&lt;/em&gt; (the door is closed now).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Esa puerta estuvo cerrada todo el día de ayer&lt;/em&gt; (the door, at some given time, was closed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When talking about food, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is used to talk about the appearance and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is used to talk about the taste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las tartas que hace Juan son espectaculares&lt;/em&gt; (they look impressive).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Las tartas que hace Juan están espectaculares&lt;/em&gt; (they might not look impressive but the taste is incredibly good).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Las bayas de enebro son malas&lt;/em&gt; (they are bad for your health).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Las bayas de enebro están malas&lt;/em&gt; (they taste horrible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception: when you want to say that the taste of something is always the same, regardless of how it is prepared:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La carne de ternera es deliciosa&lt;/em&gt; (it always tastes good).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La carne de ternera está deliciosa&lt;/em&gt; (this particular beef tastes good).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can be used to ask about price, but &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; will be used with the interrogative form &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt; to be informed about the final or total price just before paying, while &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; will be used with the interrogative form &lt;em&gt;a cuánto&lt;/em&gt; to be informed about the current price of an individual item before making the decision whether to buy it or not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿A cuánto está el kilo de naranjas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;A un euro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (After buying three kilos of oranges:) &lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto es?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Son tres euros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;When to use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To introduce yourself or someone else:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola, soy Carlos!  (Hi, I'm Carlos!)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ese es Pepe.  (That is Pepe.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To talk about relationships:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es mi hermano.  (Juan is my brother)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Paco era mi jefe.   (Paco was my boss)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  María es la novia de Isabel.  (María is Isabel's partner)     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1790/12637&quot;&gt;To speak about the location where an event takes place&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El partido de baloncesto será en el estadio.  (The basketball game will be at the stadium)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La reunión fue en la sala 3. (The meeting was in room 3)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5617/12637&quot;&gt;To talk about time&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son las tres menos cuarto.  (It's 2:45)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eran las cinco y media cuando salí de casa.  (It was 5:30 when I left home)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hoy es jueves.  (Today is Thursday)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ayer fue 30 de mayo. (Yesterday was May 30th)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To talk about occupations or background:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy pintor.  (I'm a painter)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi hermana era ingeniera pero ahora es directora de un hotel.  (My sister was an engineer but now she's a hotel manager)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estoy estudiando para ser arquitecto.  (I'm studding to become architect)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo soy sevillano.  (I'm &lt;em&gt;Sevillian&lt;/em&gt; [I'm from Sevilla])&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan es de Granada. (Juan is from Granada)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To talk about characteristics (that don't change so often) of things or persons:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy una persona alegre. (I'm a happy person)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La manzana es roja.   (The apple is red)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El clima acá es terrible.  (The weather here is atrocious)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;When to use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before gerunds to form continuous tenses:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo una respuesta para esta pregunta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estábamos cruzando el puente cuando nos asaltó un ladrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1790/12637&quot;&gt;To speak about the location of something or someone&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los jugadores están en el estadio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El pastel estaba sobre la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/793/12637e&quot;&gt;To talk about a permanent condition as a result of a change&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fulano está muerto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El vaso está roto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To talk about dates or seasons using the first person plural:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué día estamos hoy?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya estamos en primavera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To talk about the very near future:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba por llegar cuando supo que la fiesta se había cancelado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estoy a punto de empezar a comer. ¿Puedes llamar más tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express how you (or someone else) feel:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Cómo estás? -Estoy bien, gracias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Juan estaba triste esta mañana, no sé qué le pasaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Idiomatic expressions using &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most challenging aspects of any language is making sense of idiomatic expressions, which are common knowledge in the community through continuous usage, but which may defy the accepted rules of the language, rendering them nonsensical when attempting a literal translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best hope in this cases is to find an equivalent idiomatic expression in the target language, (probably just as nonsensical) or to explain the reason or situation in which such an expression makes sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, being central to the Spanish language, are part of many such expressions; however, in the following examples, the permanency or transitiveness, respectively, are the central theme of the Mexican phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar&lt;/em&gt; como agua para chocolate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The equivalent English idiom is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;To be&lt;/em&gt; mad as a hornet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, a person experiences sudden anger; like the boiling water required on for preparing the traditional hot cocoa beverage. However, the &lt;em&gt;transitive&lt;/em&gt; nature of this mood is stressed and reassured through the reference to the beverage: it has to cool down in order to &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; enjoyed, just as our enraged subject will naturally return to his implied &lt;em&gt;sweet&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mild&lt;/em&gt; self. We can convey such a concept in few words by using the temporary nature of the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Eres&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O te haces?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The equivalent English idiom is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are&lt;/strong&gt; you for real? Or &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; you just playing dumb?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This puzzling but powerful expression is very typical, especially when dealing with distracted kids. It leaves out an implicit adjective, which is universally understood within the context of this phrase: &lt;em&gt;¿Eres tonto? ¿O solo te haces pasar por tonto?&lt;/em&gt; The phrase is a harsh coming to terms with someone who may be playing coy by pretending to not understand. However, paradoxically, leaving out whatever implied negative adjective we may want to attach to the question (it works in a multitude of contexts) renders the phrase that much stronger, implying we know better than that person who is pretending not to understand. Here, the permanent nature of &lt;em&gt;being&lt;/em&gt; a fool, rather than playing one, is used as an incentive to motivate compliance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T00:06:04.950" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T00:06:04.950" CommentCount="10" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-22T12:12:38.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19835" CreationDate="2017-02-22T12:21:50.297" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes de opciones en este caso: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;para que ama&lt;sup&gt;ra&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;se&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Úsase el &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que&#xA;las clases no se las seguirán dando (ya tomó todas las clases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;para que ame&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Empléase el &lt;em&gt;presente del subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; para mantener abierta la posibilidad de que haya más clases en el futuro (todavía está tomando las clases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que sea posible usar los tiempos compuestos después de &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt;, ya que usamos &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt; para hablar de acciones venideras o coetáneas.  Es por eso que tampoco sería común (si no completamente incorrecto) decir algo del tipo &lt;em&gt;Trabajo para que fuese …&lt;/em&gt;, ya que es imposible en el presente ejercer influencia –por medio de la acción de trabajar– sobre el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T21:33:30.017" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T21:33:30.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19812" CreationDate="2017-02-22T23:00:58.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una situación como la descripta se podrían usar figurativamente varias expresiones, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;meter información a presión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;inundar de datos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;acribillar con información&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bombardear con instrucciones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;caer con un millón de tareas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tirar una lluvia de datos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Quizá &lt;em&gt;tirar&lt;/em&gt; sea muy regional, pero es como yo lo diría; otros preferirán &lt;em&gt;arrojar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;lanzar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas estas expresiones tienen en común que son activas, es decir, se enfoca en que hay un agente que emite una gran cantidad de información obligando a otra a recibirla. Por lo menos yo no consideraría natural una expresión empleando el símil del tubo, pero puede ser una cuestión dialectal. En Argentina decimos &lt;em&gt;Se me fue la plata como por un tubo&lt;/em&gt; cuando gastamos mucho dinero sin poder evitarlo, pero nunca &lt;em&gt;Me dieron cosas para aprender como por un tubo&lt;/em&gt; ni nada parecido; el tubo en cuestión parece ser un dispositivo pasivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe la posibilidad, también, de emplear el mismo símil que en inglés. Por ejemplo, uno podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pregunté qué tenía que hacer y &lt;strong&gt;fue como si hubiera abierto una manguera de incendios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como no se trata de una frase hecha, el hablante seguramente sentiría la necesidad de aclarar el símil a continuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T23:00:58.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-23T02:19:40.440" Score="3" ViewCount="4344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I love the word &quot;silly&quot; in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You're being silly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It incorporates a sense of humor, playfulness. Google translates it into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;, which is just wrong (and almost cost me a relationship; thanks Google).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any good translation for &quot;silly&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15038" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T07:47:09.913" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T16:12:31.563" Title="Best translation for &quot;silly&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19841" CreationDate="2017-02-23T03:08:55.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that &lt;code&gt;silly&lt;/code&gt; may have a wide array of connotations that make difficult to translate the word properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would avoid using &amp;quot;estúpido&amp;quot; and would stick to &amp;quot;tonto&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;bobo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;absurdo&amp;quot;.  If I'm trying to make my three year-old laugh my wife might ask him &amp;quot;Is papa being silly?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ya está papá haciendo el &lt;strong&gt;tonto&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ya está papá haciendo el &lt;strong&gt;bobo&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If at work someone points out something is a &amp;quot;silly idea&amp;quot; it would be &amp;quot;absurda&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;tonta&amp;quot;. Again, you want to shy away form other words that have stronger connotations like &amp;quot;idiots&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;stupid&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T07:48:25.247" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19841" CreationDate="2017-02-23T03:13:25.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a little limited, as almost all of my experience comes from Chile. My top choice for silly as you describe it is divertido/a. It isn't so great for speaking about goofiness, but it does speak to sense of humor or playfulness when used to describe a person. Thinking back on people I've known who are that way, this was the word most often used to describe them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Says the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; from the Real Academia Española (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E0pO7wd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E0pO7wd&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;divertido, da&#xA;Del part. de divertir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que divierte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Alegre, festivo y de buen humor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Arg. y Perú. Ligeramente ebrio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9665" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T03:13:25.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19841" CreationDate="2017-02-23T07:45:52.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt; is the perfect translation for &lt;em&gt;silly&lt;/em&gt;. It all depends on the way it is pronounced (I have already had lots of conversations about this word with speakers of other languages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about these situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A person comes to you with an angry face and says to you in a harsh way:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Pero tú estás tonto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your girlfriend comes to you with a smiling face and says in a playful way:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Anda ya, tonto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both situations are completely different, the way the word is uttered is completely different, but the word is the same and has completely different meanings and connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, I understand that it may be a dangerous word if you do not know how to use it. If you want to make sure that you use the word in a playful way, use a diminutive variant. I have heard the word used this way a lot in episodes of &lt;em&gt;Paw Patrol&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;La Patrulla Canina&lt;/em&gt; in Spain, and yes, I also have a small kid):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Anda ya, tontito!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Pero no me seas tontito!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T07:45:52.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19845" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19846" CreationDate="2017-02-23T08:30:04.850" Score="7" ViewCount="1784" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spain is a very popular tourist destination for Europeans, and any tourist worth his/her salt knows how to ask for the bill at a restaurant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cuenta, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a couple of months ago, a Dutch radio DJ, who often goes on holiday to Spain, said that you can also ask for &lt;em&gt;la multa&lt;/em&gt; (the fine). You would certainly be understood and the waiter would appreciate the wordplay/joke. In my native language (Dutch), it wouldn't work, but we do have an expression for this occasion which literally translates to 'How much is the damage?'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: is this really true, or did he just make it up? I couldn't find any references to this usage in online dictionaries, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/multa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Central&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13538" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T03:23:50.740" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T03:31:42.207" Title="Can &quot;la multa&quot; (the fine) be used to ask for the bill?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19845" CreationDate="2017-02-23T09:38:02.880" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we certainly love puns/wordplay. Thus, we have a lot of ways to refer to the bill, other than the standard &lt;em&gt;la cuenta&lt;/em&gt;. Among them, we include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La dolorosa&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;the painful one&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La multa&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;the fine&quot;; &quot;the bill&quot;, but the other kind of bill; at least in Andalucía (southern Spain) is a classic).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El clavazo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;the stabbing&quot;, &quot;the nailing&quot;, but this one is derogatory, not to be used with the waiter, but with your friends; well, maybe also with the waiter if you are angry).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El sablazo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;the sword-slash&quot;, similar to the previous one, but this one may be used with the waiter).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the waiter will take the pun only if you speak cordially with him/her. If you speak too seriously he/she may think that you have learnt the wrong word. I would not recommend using it if it is your first time with that waiter, use it only if you know him/her previously and get along well with him/her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ahora nos traen la dolorosa, ¡y a retratarse!&quot;, dice alguien en la mesa del restaurante (la dolorosa es la cuenta, y retratarse es pagar).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ángel Rosenblat, &quot;El castellano de España y el castellano de América. Unidad y diferenciación&quot;, 1962 (Venezuela)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T03:31:42.207" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T03:31:42.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19845" CreationDate="2017-02-23T09:45:13.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a wordplay or joke. &quot;la multa&quot; means &quot;the traffic ticket&quot;. In both cases they give you a paper and you have to pay. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, you can make this joke if you know the bar/restaurant owners, if you are a recurring client or if you are in a festive mood like in a celebration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases they may not understand you but it is not something wrong. If they don't understand you they will say something like &quot;¿cómo dices?&quot; or &quot;¿la multa?&quot; and then you could say &quot;la cuenta&quot; and it will be fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not make this joke in a &quot;high class restaurants&quot; or if the context is not casual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for Spain and I don't know if this joke works in other countries, because may be they have other name for the traffic ticket and different sense of humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15039" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T13:01:52.033" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T13:01:52.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19845" CreationDate="2017-02-23T09:59:27.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a subtle way to ask for &lt;em&gt;la cuenta&lt;/em&gt;, but it is not commonly used. Similar to the joke of washing dishes as compensation for not paying. My recommendation, do not use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T09:59:27.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19841" CreationDate="2017-02-23T15:01:55.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt; has more negative nuances than silly, and can easily offend someone, in Argentinian Spanish, the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;boludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates &lt;em&gt;silly&lt;/em&gt; almost to perfection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2348" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T15:17:34.287" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T15:17:34.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19655" CreationDate="2017-02-23T17:02:34.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi caso, yo digo &quot;nublado&quot; a un día con mucha niebla y &quot;nuboso&quot; a un día con muchas nubes en el cielo. Más raramente uso &quot;neblina&quot; para referirme a una niebla débil (como diminutivo). No sé si ésto será &lt;em&gt;incorrecto&lt;/em&gt; pero en mi entorno es lo más común. Puede que se trate de variaciones regionales en España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15043" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T17:02:34.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2017-02-23T21:56:02.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es frase popularizada por los republicanos ateos en la Guerra Civil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debemos llamar al Pan, Pan, no el cuerpo de Cristo y al vino, vino, no la sangre de Cristo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15044" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T04:12:45.310" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T04:12:45.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19833" CreationDate="2017-02-24T02:28:10.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando traduces traducir &quot;I am good&quot; estás diciendo que siempre eres bueno, como lo es una característica tuya. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con eso, cuando traduces &quot;I am fine&quot; es como te sientes en el momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, si es permanente (como una característica), usas &quot;ser&quot; ; Cuando no es  permanente/es como sientes en el momento, usas &quot;estar&quot; .  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quia.com/quiz/234996.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(Bueno y Bien)&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Bueno= good - un adjetivo&#xA;Bien= well- un adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15046" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T19:03:11.893" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T19:03:11.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19845" CreationDate="2017-02-24T04:32:54.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that you should not use it at a restaurant, but you could use it at the bar. Let's make clear that referring to the bill as &quot;la multa&quot; is clearly a joke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are having dinner in a restaurant and you ask for &quot;la multa&quot; the waiter/waitress may have a difficult time understanding what you mean. The environment may be more formal here, and less prone to these jokes. If this is asked by a non-native speaker it could make things even more difficult (or not; some people understand that people speaking a second language may make these &quot;mistakes&quot; while others won't bother at all trying to figure out what you really meant; the waiter may understand you, even if they don't get the joke, because they might think that you just confused the words).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in a bar the environment is much more relaxed and more prone to jokes. I have even seen people say things like &quot;Maestro, la &lt;em&gt;partitura&lt;/em&gt; for favor&quot; (&quot;Maestro, the score, please&quot;). That doesn't mean that it will be universally understood either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, I don't think that that DJ made it up. It just works for him, like the &quot;musical score&quot; worked (once) for my friend. Don't expect to be universally understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T03:27:34.183" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T03:27:34.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19857" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T04:45:52.677" Score="6" ViewCount="3077" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace algunas semanas unos amigos nos prestaron su casa para pasar unos días. En la nevera, vi la chuleta de sonidos iniciales (supongo que alguno de los niños está aprendiendo español). La imagen de la &quot;F&quot; me llamó la atención, ya que es una bombilla. Lo más parecido que se me ocurre que empiece por &quot;F&quot; sería un foco, pero un foco no es más que una luz dirigida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que estamos en Norteamérica, entiendo que el español que les enseñen en clase va a tener muchas influencias de los países sudamericanos. No sé si es que en alguno de estos países se llama &quot;foco&quot; (u otra cosa que empiece por &quot;F&quot;) a la bombilla, o si eso de la tabla es alguna otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me saca alguien de dudas, por favor? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hdTo7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hdTo7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T10:23:01.577" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T10:23:01.577" Title="¿Qué empieza por la letra &quot;F&quot; y se parece a una bombilla?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19857" CreationDate="2017-02-24T05:39:52.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por darte una opción aunque no sea de Sudamérica: ¿podría ser &lt;em&gt;filamento&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HtcJxSv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;filamento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Hilo que se pone incandescente en el interior de las bombillas al encenderlas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parecería una palabra un tanto rebuscada para usar como muestra de &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; inicial, eso sí... Por aquí me proponen otras alternativas referentes a la emisión de luz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuego.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Faro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, creo que al final tu propuesta de &quot;foco&quot; va a ser la acertada (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=foco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  m. &lt;strong&gt;Mx&lt;/strong&gt;, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, Cu, Co:N,O, Ve, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py,&#xA;  Ar. &lt;strong&gt;Bombilla eléctrica&lt;/strong&gt;. ◆ bombillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como la cuestión me intrigó bastante, ya que me fascinan este tipo de diferencias regionales, puse un enlace en Reddit a esta pregunta, y entre los comentarios &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/mexico/comments/5vx5un/es_muy_com%C3%BAn_en_m%C3%A9xico_usar_la_palabra_foco_m%C3%A1s/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;podemos leer&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El 100% usa el término foco, una bombilla es como la piscina, emparedado o la gaseosa, todo mundo entiende esas palabras pero absolutamente nadie las usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una bombilla es una bomba chiquita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si dices bombilla lo primero que pienso es que algo hará explosión, pero en pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T08:37:30.177" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T08:37:30.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T19:20:59.370" Score="1" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobre el escritorio está el ordenador.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;On the office table is the computer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When answering question &lt;em&gt;¿dónde esta el ordenador?&lt;/em&gt;, can I form my answer like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El ordenador está sobre el escritorio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The computer is on the office table.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are both sentences correct?&lt;/strong&gt; In general, in Spanish the word order is not strict like in English? In English, you can only say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Object] is [where], but not [where] is [object].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T20:26:29.790" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:16:07.010" Title="Word order of 'está' in spanish" Tags="&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19833" CreationDate="2017-02-24T19:24:55.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English you only have the verb &lt;strong&gt;to be&lt;/strong&gt; but in Spanish we use two different verbs &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fully understand the uses of the verbs &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; you should read &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19836/what-are-the-differences-between-ser-and-estar-when-to-use-each&quot;&gt;What are the differences between &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;? When to use each?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding you question... First, the question could be &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo es usted?&lt;/strong&gt; or could be &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo está usted?&lt;/strong&gt; and those are two different questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first asks about you as a being (permanent state) and the second asks about your current state (that could be temporary or transitory)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the first question you could answer &lt;strong&gt;Yo soy bueno&lt;/strong&gt; since you &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;a good person&lt;/em&gt;. The question uses the verb &quot;ser&quot; (¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; usted?) so you answer with the same verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the question ¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; usted? that uses the verb &quot;estar&quot; you should answer with the same verb &lt;strong&gt;Yo estoy bien&lt;/strong&gt; since at the &lt;em&gt;present time&lt;/em&gt; you &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; good/ok/fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above has to do with the meaning of the sentences and the differences between ser and estar but also notice that the use of &lt;em&gt;fine&lt;/em&gt; in English has some differences to the uses of &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ok&lt;/em&gt; so I'll give some valid translations (that may confuse you more but anyway...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm good = Estoy bien / Soy bueno&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm fine = Estoy bien&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm ok = Estoy bien.&#xA;He is ok =  El es buena gente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;He is a fine guy = El es una persona bueno/correcta&#xA;She's fine = Ella está bien / &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Damn%20she%20fine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ella es bonita&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; I'll think of more examples and continue writing&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T20:19:44.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19860" CreationDate="2017-02-24T22:16:07.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both Spanish example sentences are gramatically OK, but the meaning is not exactly the same. What differs between the otherwise equivalent sentences is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topic_and_comment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;topic&lt;/a&gt;. Your &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt;-question can only be answered using the common word order you already know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider what could prompt a Spanish speaker to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobre el escritorio está el ordenador.&lt;/em&gt; (1)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El ordenador está sobre el escritorio.&lt;/em&gt; (2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (1) the computer is new information; it is volunteered by the speaker, because it presumably has not appeared in the conversation before. It is not something you would say if someone asked you about the computer; it is something you would say if you were talking about the desktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (2) the computer is old information; it is in fact the thing being talked about, and the news is that it is on the desktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if we were to imagine questions that would prompt the speaker to utter the first example, the one with the unusual word order, it would have to be something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué hay sobre el escritorio?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué es eso ahí sobre el escritorio?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, as in English and many other languages, it is often the case that the &lt;strong&gt;topic&lt;/strong&gt; (or theme) of the sentence or the conversation is brought to the beginning of the sentence (this, unsurprisingly, is called &lt;strong&gt;topic fronting&lt;/strong&gt;). Many times this does not change the order, because most languages place the subject at the beginning of the sentence, and the subject is often the topic. Since the topic is introduced once and then becomes old information, it is also the kind of thing that will be replaced soonest by a pronoun (in English) or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deleted&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fronting a complement of place is allowed in English (actual quotes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the middle of the road was a stocky R.A.F. officer…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  All along the road were boards about ten feet high…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is simply not allowed if the intent is to answer a question about the place. Also, it is not common usage: in general it will be replaced by a &quot;there + be&quot; phrase or by verbs like &quot;lie&quot; or &quot;stand&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the middle of the road stood a stocky R.A.F. officer…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  All along the road there were boards about ten feet high… &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These replacements are also found in Spanish (the verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; being the usual). So Spanish and English are not that different in this respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:16:07.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19864" CreationDate="2017-02-25T03:39:32.557" Score="3" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Anton Chejov's story &lt;em&gt;Un Hombre Irascible&lt;/em&gt;, the narrator is interrupted by a woman when trying to measure a rare eclipse to predict the future. The woman says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Por qué no me mira usted? —me susurra tiernamente al oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He replies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es ya más que una burla. Convenid en que no es posible jugar con &#xA;  la paciencia humana. Si algo terrible sobreviene, no será por culpa mía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that in another context it could mean &quot;to try one's patience&quot; but trying humanity's patience doesn't make sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T03:51:58.497" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T11:52:25.267" Title="What does &quot;no es posible jugar con la paciencia humana&quot; mean in this context?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19863" CreationDate="2017-02-25T03:59:18.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are on the right track. It means something close to &quot;test one's patient&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the author says &quot;la paciencia humana&quot; he means &quot;la paciencia de cualquiera&quot; (anybody's patience or any man's patience). He is not referring to humanity as a whole, but as his own patience as a representative of the human race.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;code&gt;jugar&lt;/code&gt; in this context means &quot;poner a prueba&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Convenid en que no es posible &lt;strong&gt;jugar con la paciencia humana&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;sub&gt; Agree that it is not possible to &lt;strong&gt;test people's patience in this way&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="13956" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T11:52:25.267" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T11:52:25.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="746" CreationDate="2017-02-25T04:40:50.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can also use &quot;lenguaje obsceno&quot; o &quot;malsonante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esas palabras malsonantes a veces se les dice &quot;tacos&quot;, por lo que la expresión &quot;decir un taco&quot; o &quot;hablar con tacos&quot; viene a significar &quot;usar lenguaje obsceno o vulgar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T04:40:50.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-25T05:26:16.520" Score="2" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo en concreto, ¿cual sería la diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos caracteres deben reemplazarse antes de &lt;strong&gt;utilizarse&lt;/strong&gt; en el documento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos caracteres deben reemplazarse antes de &lt;strong&gt;ser utilizados&lt;/strong&gt; en el documento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5413" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T16:10:39.357" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T14:23:00.590" Title="Utilizarse vs Ser utilizado" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="746" CreationDate="2017-02-26T00:02:30.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otras posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lenguaje &lt;strong&gt;soez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palabrotas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;garabatos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. La tercera es, por lejos, la que preferimos los chilenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T00:02:30.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19869" CreationDate="2017-02-26T00:08:26.727" Score="3" ViewCount="1839" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo lleva tilde &quot;cómo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según entiendo, cuando tiene valor interrogativo o exclamativo. Pero, ¿también cuándo significa &quot;de qué manera&quot;? En particular para el ejemplo del título: ¿lleva o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi regla rápida es que si significa &quot;how&quot; en Inglés, debe llevar tilde. Pero puedo estar equivocado...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14916" LastEditorUserId="14916" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T04:56:58.200" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T05:16:34.247" Title="&quot;Muéstrame cómo hiciste&quot; o &quot;Muéstrame como hiciste&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19868" CreationDate="2017-02-26T04:26:07.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes razón. La regla es que &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; lleva tilde cuando tiene sentido interrogativo o exclamativo, aunque hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/tilde-en-que-cuales-quienes-como-cuan-cuantoaosas-cuando-donde-y-adonde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;excepciones a esta regla&lt;/a&gt; cuando el adverbio o pronombre relativo introduce una oración subordinada relativa sin antecedente expreso (y se podría escribir con o si tilde).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo te diría que en la pregunta del título lo lleva, dado que al usar &quot;Muéstrame&quot; estamos haciendo una pregunta pero sin saber lo que va detrás, es imposible garantizarlo. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Quieres ver mis nuevos cuadros? He pintado diez nuevos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: No tenemos tanto tiempo. &lt;strong&gt;Muéstrame como&lt;/strong&gt; tres de ellos y nos vamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muéstrame, como jefe de departamento que eres, la manera en que te responsabilizas del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muéstrame como si te fuera la vida en ello las razones que tienes para acusarme de esta manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Añado este ejemplo tras los edits a la pregunta y los comentarios &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muéstrame &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; si yo fuese nuevo en la oficina &lt;strong&gt;cómo&lt;/strong&gt; se preparan esos informes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurren ejemplos mejores ahora mismo (esas frases son algo forzadas) en el que puedas empezar la frase con &quot;Muestrame&quot; y seguir luego con un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=s3kpSlOhuD6v706948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que sea adverbio pero no exclamativo o interrogativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, &lt;strong&gt;Sí, creo que debe llevar tilde&lt;/strong&gt;. Casi seguro va a ser una pregunta (un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=NRljHeeb2D6KmUqa9B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; interrogativo), pero no puedes garantizar el 100% de los casos como solo la fórmula &quot;Muestrame + como&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T05:16:34.247" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T05:16:34.247" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2017-02-26T15:42:17.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitively, the word &quot;Gringo&quot; at the very first, in Mexico, was assigned to the troops of Generals Taylor and Worth, moving in from what would become Brownsville, on their way to Monterrey.  They were following the orderly retreat of Mexican General Pedro Ampudia who was wisely limiting contact and engaging on a harassing manner.  The American troops would go into smart march when entering villages and communities and bring the musicians up to cut a tune.  To be sure, American military personnel did not wear olive drab, green, or camouflage until the approach of the Second World War.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among the most popular tunes, and marching songs, of the day was &quot;Green Grow the Rushes, Oh!  In an effort to maintain as good a set of relations with the resident enemy civilian population, the men were told to indulge, tolerate, and befriend the locals.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was relatively easy because the children, especially the boys, would rush out and gaze with wonder at the huge horses and mules, the uniforms, rifled muskets and cannon, caissons and conveyances.  Frequently and repetitively the American soldiers would do marching exercises and sing the marching songs, especially....Green Grow the Rushes, Oh!.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As words with the &quot;double r&quot; in Spanish are somewhat difficult for a Gringo to handle without some error....(ie 'ferrocarril' for railroad) for a Mexican,especially a child,  sounding a second plain single r in the interior of a word is also difficult to execute perfectly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The children would demand, adamantly, for the soldiers to sing their marching songs, jumping up and down, shouting &quot;Canta 'Gringo'! 'Canta Gringo'.  This began in Camargo at the junction of the Rio Grande and the Rio San Juan, where flat-bottomed supply ships were delivering war supplies, and actually employing Mexican national locals to move, and reloading supplies on ordnance and quartermaster conveyances.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term and the continued practice of performing for the nervous and even resentful locals assured that the continued shrieking and crying out of the children &quot;Gringo, canta Gringo&quot; would continue to Monterrey and beyond.  The the American occupation of Monterrey, one of the &quot;public relations&quot; activities by the American military was to have chorales in the public parks and their elaborate gazebos....trading songs with local trobadors and boleros. The Americans northern invasion was blunted outside of Saltillo to the west a bit, and the Army was forced to return to Monterrey and provide police services and general social service until the end of hostilities.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;gringo&quot; begins to appear in the public lexicon in the Excelsior and Universal newspapers of Mexico City, and the El Norte of Monterrey as a non-perjorative identifier for anything American,  especially &quot;gueros&quot; (lighties), although at that time, especially in northern Mexico, and especially in that area of northcentral and northeastern Mexico the vast majority of the population was either white or substantially white (caucasian).  It would have been more common to find people with greater Jewish ancestry than Indian (indigenous).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the most common pejoratives for the title or adjective &#xA;&quot;American&quot; were Presbyteriano, Protestante,  Vikin~o (viking), Hun, Judio (Jew), Hereticos, filibusteros (raiders, rustlers, scourging invaders) during those times.   Gringo was a kind word, relatively.   My brother (Que en Paz Descanse) and I made it a mission in life to restore the neutrality of the word &quot;Gringo&quot;.  We wanted to make it as it had been, totally dependent upon how the word was said and in what context.  My blog, for instance is &quot;A Gringo in Rural Mexico&quot; privatouring.blogspot.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank one and all for the patience that was rendered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15063" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T16:06:19.047" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T16:06:19.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19874" CreationDate="2017-02-26T18:10:47.947" Score="3" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, what is the rule for using &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;  to introduce someone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;, but it also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;functions as a personal 'marker' before talking about another person&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my textbook it has the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1)    Te presento a Sandra./ Let me introduce you to Sandra.&#xA;2)    Te presento a mi amigo Joaquín. / Let me introduce you to my friend Joaquín.&#xA;3)    Le presento mi familia. / Let me introduce you to my family. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does the last example not use &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; to introduce the family?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:43:14.827" Title="What is the rule for using ‘a’ (to) to introduce someone?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18371" CreationDate="2017-02-26T18:15:29.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides the examples given above, two observations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caer chuzos de punta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be a common theme of things falling from the sky point first (&lt;em&gt;de punta&lt;/em&gt;) as a simile for heavy rain. In Spain the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chuzo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is found, which the meaning of &quot;stick with a metallic point&quot;. In Argentina the same word can be used with this pattern, though it's not so common and it means &quot;small jury-rigged knife&quot;. The Portuguese cognate &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/chu%C3%A7o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chuço&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  means &quot;spear&quot; or &quot;pike&quot;. Coincidentally, Brazilian Portuguese employs the simile &lt;em&gt;chover canivetes&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/canivete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canivete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;penknife&quot; (this word &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=79bJwVG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exists also in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, though I doubt it's in wide use.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caer&lt;/em&gt; [...] &lt;em&gt;de punta&lt;/em&gt; as an insult in Argentina&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of the above, there is in Argentina a tendency to replace &lt;em&gt;chuzos&lt;/em&gt; with obscene or escatological references. On top of &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; there has been an interesting development: since the pattern &lt;em&gt;caer  de punta&lt;/em&gt; expects  to be a reference to some disagreable object, people in social media are now replacing  by names of public people they dislike (typically politicians). Googling for this I just found an Argentinian Twitter user who, on the occasion of some observations of &lt;em&gt;Podemos&lt;/em&gt; politician Íñigo Errejón about Argentina's government, tweeted: &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/niunkamas/status/834442247982686208&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Están cayendo errejones de punta&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:15:29.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19872" CreationDate="2017-02-26T18:43:14.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your textbook might be incorrect. Also, be aware that translating Sp. &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; to Eng. &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; might be misleading in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last example should use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; just like the first and second. Employing &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; before the object is compulsory in a number of cases, most commonly when it's a person's proper name, but also when the object is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the proper name of an animal;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a collective noun that refers to a well-determined group of people;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a common noun that refers to a concrete individual;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a common noun, even if general, where the meaning of the verb includes physical or psychical affect;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and many others (sources: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;). So for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dejé a Fido atado a un árbol.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I left Fido tied to a tree.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Echamos a toda la gente afuera.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;We sent all the people outside.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Fui a ver al doctor.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I went to see the doctor.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Dicen que golpeó a una anciana.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;They say he hit an old lady.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding which verbs always require &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; before the object, you have no alternative but to learn them by heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le presento mi familia&lt;/em&gt;, just like that, sounds really odd to me. It would work if there was another explicit object in the sentence (which would be the referent of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le presenté mi familia a mi amiga extranjera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I introduced my family to my friend from abroad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things can get a bit muddled because of the particular semantics of &lt;em&gt;presentar&lt;/em&gt; (which is somewhat weird because it has two objects but it works more or less the same if you exchange their place, since you cannot introduce A to B without introducing B to A). But in any case you have to use &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:43:14.827" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19875" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-26T19:25:49.020" Score="4" ViewCount="1504" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I were to tell a story about someone who had a particular problem and, by the time the story was finished, the problem was solved, would I use &amp;quot;...tuvo un problema&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;...tenía un problema&amp;quot; when setting up the story?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel tuvo un problema.  Su perro se tiró un pedo.  Pero Miguel abrió una ventana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Miguel had a problem.  His dog farted.  But Miguel opened a window.  Miguel had a problem, but now it is solved (presumably).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we could also have the following situation where it isn't clear if the problem was ever solved or not, based on all the information we were given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miguel tenía un problema.  Su perro se tiró un pedo y Miguel intentó abrir una ventana.  Lamentablemente, no podía abrirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mainly, I'm confused with regard to determining when to use &lt;code&gt;tener&lt;/code&gt; in the preterit and when to use it in the imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T15:13:48.530" Title="Ambiguity with respect to &quot;tuvo&quot; and &quot;tenía&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19640" CreationDate="2017-02-26T23:20:10.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE aparece &lt;em&gt;palmo de narices&lt;/em&gt; con su sentido figurado actual (o similar) &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=260217%5C023%5CC003O26022017231830858.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20palmo%20de%20narices%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en 1705&lt;/a&gt; y luego &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=2&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=260217%5C023%5CC003O26022017231830858.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20palmo%20de%20narices%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en 1769&lt;/a&gt;, ambos con la aclaración &quot;como dicen&quot;, que sugiere que la expresión todavía requería alguna aclaración. En la primera de estas citas da la impresión de que el significado es de &quot;verse impedido&quot; más que de &quot;ser víctima de un chasco&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;…abrió la puerta por cumplimiento, pero no quiso dejar entrar ninguno&#xA;  porque estaba dentro. Con que se volvieron a salir, con un palmo de&#xA;  narices como dicen…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que la expresión en cuestión parece tener una larga historia, fui a buscar a ver si encontraba algo similar en el portugués. Me encontré con que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ficar com nariz de palmo e meio&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/nariz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quedar decepcionado&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dicionarioinformal.com.br/ficar%20com%20nariz%20de%20palmo%20e%20meio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no obtener lo que se quería&lt;/a&gt;&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;nariz comprido&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente &quot;nariz larga&quot;) es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulete.com.br/nariz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estado de frustración o decepción&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &lt;em&gt;ficar de nariz comprido&lt;/em&gt; significa también &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ptes/nariz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;errar el tiro&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está claro que hay una relación entre las expresiones de ambas lenguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Pero hay más! La misma expresión exacta aparece también en italiano: &lt;em&gt;con un palmo di naso&lt;/em&gt;, que según el Wikcionario significa &lt;em&gt;deluso e allibito&lt;/em&gt;, o sea, &quot;frustrado y atónito, desilusionado y desconcertado&quot;, etc. De manera que ya van tres lenguas romances con una expresión equivalente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esta altura tampoco me sorprendió encontrar que en francés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionnaire.reverso.net/francais-synonymes/faire%20un%20long%20nez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faire un long nez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;hacer una nariz larga&quot;) significa &quot;estar decepcionado o contrariado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gesto de burla con las manos referenciado en la Wikipedia en español como posible origen de la expresión &quot;palmo de narices&quot; se llama en francés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pied_de_nez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pied de nez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;pied&lt;/em&gt; = pie, unidad de medida). &lt;em&gt;Faire un pied de nez&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;burlar&quot; y no parece que tenga relación directa con &lt;em&gt;faire un nez long&lt;/em&gt;, pero no creo extraño imaginar que una haya influido en la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo una respuesta clara para concluir, pero imagino que el par de expresiones francesas, asociadas, pudieron haber llevado a un doblete como el que hoy existe en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; dejar a alguien \&#xA;                  |- con un palmo de narices&#xA;        quedarse /&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T23:20:10.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19875" CreationDate="2017-02-27T08:07:30.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The decision to choose one tense of another does not have anything to do with the fact that the problem was solved or not, but with the fact that the problem was something that happened in a given time, or was something that used to happen recurrently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking the present as the point the action is referred from, if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tuvo un problema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are stating that Miguel had a problem one, a given day. If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tenía un problema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are stating that Miguel used to have a problem that happened once in a while. Complete sentences for the two cases could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tuvo un problema ayer: su perro se tiró un pedo y casi muere asfixiado por el hedor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(The problem happened just yesterday.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tenía un problema con su perro: solía tirarse tales pedos que tenía que tener la ventana siempre abierta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(The problem used to happen every day, but it is not happening any more.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, if the problem started in the past but it is still not solved, you can use the present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tiene un problema: su perro se tiró un pedo ayer y la casa aún huele mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that so far I have used the tenses taking the present as the point in which the action is referred from. That is, we are talking now abou a problem happened in the past. But if we speak about the problem from the point of view of the past, things change. Then you could refer to the problem as something ongoing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tenía un problema: su perro se había tirado un pedo y no sabía cómo ahuyentar el mal olor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(Miguel's problem is still the present from the narrator's point of view.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T13:31:45.090" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T13:31:45.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19892" CreationDate="2017-02-27T08:27:17.293" Score="3" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do these phrases mean? Why are they different in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the members suggested, I add some more details to the question. As textbooks (am the answers) suggest, the positioning of adjective in front of noun in Spanish reflects somewhat judgmental or phraseological meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this particular case, I suspected, the difference was actually quite rooted and standardized in the common use, as, for example, the texts like this one suggest. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aciprensa.com/recursos/el-padre-bueno-y-el-buen-padre-273/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El padre bueno y el buen padre&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12982" LastEditorUserId="12982" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T10:32:22.013" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:48:45.793" Title="What is the difference between 'buenos padres' and 'padres buenos'?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T10:04:58.120" Score="4" ViewCount="1373" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conocemos aquí en España como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_rusa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;montaña rusa&lt;/a&gt;&quot; a una atracción de feria consistente en una serie de coches o vagones que se deslizan rápidamente por un sistema de raíles que forman una pista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/70ptDm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/70ptDm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Montaña rusa&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;Montaña rusa Dragon Khan, en PortAventura Park (España).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el artículo enlazado de la Wikipedia, la montaña rusa &quot;debe su nombre a las diversiones desarrolladas durante el invierno en Rusia, donde existían grandes toboganes de madera que se descendían con trineos deslizables sobre la nieve&quot;. También explica que &quot;los primeros prototipos de montañas rusas eran trenes por gravedad con muchos cambios de rasante en la década de 1880&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, buscando un poco más de información, leo &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004188495&amp;amp;page=275&amp;amp;search=%22monta%C3%B1a%20rusa%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el siguiente artículo&lt;/a&gt; en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional, fechado en 1841:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habían levantado en aquel lugar para su diversión una enorme montaña rusa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0026816614&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;search=%22monta%C3%B1a%20rusa%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro artículo&lt;/a&gt; de 1833 ya se habla de una montaña rusa situada en Madrid, en Buen-Retiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿desde cuándo se conoce y usa en España el término &quot;montaña rusa&quot;? ¿Qué se conocía exactamente por aquel entonces como tal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T10:14:57.690" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T11:56:18.843" Title="¿Cuándo se originó en España el término &quot;montaña rusa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19879" CreationDate="2017-02-27T11:00:17.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both phrases means the same, just &amp;quot;good parents&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The slight difference is that in some concrete sentence they can sound strange (even though being gramatically correct). When you use &amp;quot;buenos padres&amp;quot; you are emphasizing &amp;quot;buenos&amp;quot; (good) a little more, and on the other hand, &amp;quot;padres buenos&amp;quot; emphasize &amp;quot;padres&amp;quot; (parents).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I give you some sentences where you can use both of them, indistinctly, with same meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Crees que tienes unos buenos padres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Crees que tienes unos padres buenos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you think you have good parents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los padres buenos no necesitan consejos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los buenos padres no necesitan consejos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good parents doesn't need advices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T11:00:17.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19880" CreationDate="2017-02-27T11:13:04.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las primeras &quot;montañas rusas&quot; se crearon en Rusia en pistas de hielo con subidas y bajadas, primero por personas anónimas en los alrededores de San Petersburgo, y el invento le gustó mucho a Catalina II la Grande, que mandó construir varias montañas rusas en sus jardines, y popularizaron bastante el término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los franceses se empezaron a referirse a ellas como montañas rusas (&lt;em&gt;montagnes russes&lt;/em&gt;), y empezaron a usarlas en vías de tren, con vagones, y el término francés se entendió al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en Rusia se llaman &lt;em&gt;Aмериканские горки (amerikanskie gorki)&lt;/em&gt;, porque en EE.UU. se inventaron los primeros &lt;em&gt;roller coaster&lt;/em&gt; (como se conocen a las montañas rusas en casi todo el mundo), que estaban montados como toboganes en tubos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T11:56:18.843" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T11:56:18.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19890" CreationDate="2017-02-27T11:45:21.503" Score="3" ViewCount="1232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a Spanish grammar book, and in it I see one exercise, giving answer to questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammar topic is dative/accusative cases in same sentence. I know there are no cases actually, but my native language has cases, it helps me think this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two answers given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;te lo digo&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I am telling you it / I tell you it&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo quiero decírtelo&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;I want to tell you it&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This addition of 2 endings at the end of decir is shocking me. What is more conversational of the 2 options above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do people use &quot;decírtelo&quot;? Or mostly use &quot;te lo digo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T11:59:47.693" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T14:24:47.857" Title="What is more conversational - &quot;te lo digo&quot; or &quot;yo quiero decírtelo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19875" CreationDate="2017-02-27T11:50:30.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually you want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tenía un problema, su perro se tiró un pedo y abrió la ventana para solucionarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The order of happenings are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dog fart (finished) -&gt; bad smell problem (unfinished) -&gt; open window (future)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are telling a story, and you are located at the time Miguel was having the problem (at that time, the window was still closed, even though when you talk, it was already open)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also grammatically correct to use &lt;code&gt;tuvo&lt;/code&gt;, but is is not usual to use the &lt;em&gt;Spanish simple past (preterito)&lt;/em&gt; in this situation. Simple past suits better for actions that happened long ago, locating the listener in a moment in which everything has already finished, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel tuvo un problema de olores, pero lo solucionó abriendo la ventana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T12:27:30.093" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:27:30.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19883" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:01:43.763" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer depends on the question, both answers are correct, but they don't mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dime por qué estás tan enfadado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quieres que te lo diga? Pues te lo digo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Te lo digo&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;I am telling you right now&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dime por qué está tan enfadado Luis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero decírtelo, pero le prometí no contárselo a nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Quiero decírtelo&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Yo quiero decírtelo&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;I want to tell you&lt;/code&gt; but usually you won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, you can also say &lt;code&gt;Quiero decírtelo y te lo digo&lt;/code&gt;, meaning &lt;code&gt;I want to tell you, and I am telling you&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:01:43.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19866" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:15:56.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos formas son correctas y tienen exactamente el mismo significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ser utilizados&lt;/code&gt; es una pasiva &quot;normal&quot; y &lt;code&gt;utilizarse&lt;/code&gt; es una pasiva refleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar más información en estos &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voz_pasiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T14:15:56.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19895" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:17:41.083" Score="0" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él agarrándose con sumo cuidado de la hiedra (o de la parra salvaje, o&#xA;  de las lianas, o de lo que diablos &lt;strong&gt;fueran&lt;/strong&gt; aquellos tallos), empezó a&#xA;  subir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo he entendido bien, aquí se trata del subjuntivo con antecedente desconocido. &#xA;¿Pero qué es esta estructura interna desde el punto de vista sintáctico? ¿Oración relativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T23:51:50.607" Title="Determinar la función sintáctica" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19889" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:19:26.767" Score="4" ViewCount="4922" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo encontrar ahora mismo entradas en el CORDE, pero en algunas partes de Andalucía se usa la palabra &quot;canina&quot; para referirse al esqueleto humano, o a la calavera. Sé que al menos en Sevilla y en Málaga se usa, aunque el DLE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=79UjoUa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no recoja este significado&lt;/a&gt;. Sí que recoge otros como &quot;propio de un perro&quot; (de donde viene &quot;un hambre canina&quot;), &quot;excremento de perro&quot; (ya usado en el siglo XVI) o &quot;canícula&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde puede provenir este significado tan regional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T03:44:14.820" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;la canina&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;calavera&quot; o &quot;esqueleto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19888" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:19:26.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no aparezca en el diccionario, en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero General&lt;/a&gt; sí que hay una ficha que hace referencia a este significado. Buscando el término &quot;canina&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_I_PDF/CANINA/00000959.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la ficha 73&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Canina&lt;/strong&gt;.- Esqueleto. &quot;La muerte canina&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada corresponde a un libro publicado en 1973: &quot;Vocabulario popular malagueño&quot;, escrito por Juan Cepas. Sobre el origen del término, la siguiente información está extraída de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/sociedad/abci-canina-pavor-guasa-sevillana-201603231638_noticia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; del ABC y de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermandad_del_Santo_Entierro_(Sevilla)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Semana Santa sevillana sale de procesión un paso al que el pueblo le dio el nombre de &quot;La Canina&quot;. El paso representa el triunfo de la santa cruz sobre la muerte, simbolizado por un esqueleto meditabundo, sentado sobre un globo terráqueo, y junto a él un dragón abatido que representa al pecado. La talla original fue realizada en 1691, y en 1693 salió de procesión por primera vez, aterrorizando a los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, al poco tiempo la guasa de la gente se sobrepuso al temor, y Sevilla acabó bautizando al paso como &quot;la Canina&quot;. Se dice que la primera expresión escrita de este nombre fue en 1797, aunque no he encontrado el texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El darle el nombre de &quot;la Canina&quot; no está claro, pero seguramente tuvo que ver con la acepción de &quot;pasar un hambre canina&quot;, dado que aquí en Sevilla se suele usar &quot;la canina&quot; como sinónimo de hambre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Illo, vamos a comer que tengo una canina que no veas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa la expresión &quot;estar canino&quot; como sinónimo de estar en los huesos, o no tener dinero (lo uno lleva a lo otro). El caso es que lo que rodea al pasar hambre lleva el apelativo &quot;canina&quot;, lo que hace muy plausible que este fuera el origen del mote del paso: la figura que siempre tiene hambre (ya sea por estar en los huesos o tal vez se refiera al hambre de almas que segar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de esta guasa es una saeta de Pepe Peregil que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ay Canina cuánto te quiero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero cómo te hace falta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  un buen caldo del puchero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que, a partir de entonces, se viene denominando &quot;canina&quot; al esqueleto humano, o simplemente a las calaveras humanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T16:45:13.940" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T16:45:13.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19883" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:24:47.857" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In both &lt;em&gt;te lo digo&lt;/em&gt; (1) and &lt;em&gt;quiero decírtelo&lt;/em&gt; (2) there are three verb arguments: subject, direct object (the accusative pronoun) and indirect object (the dative pronoun), but the verbs and their meanings are not the same: in (1) you are saying, in (2) you want to say. But I think what's confusing you is the position of the pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish non-emphatic object pronouns (&lt;em&gt;me, te, se, la, lo, le, nos, os, les&lt;/em&gt;) are &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clitic&lt;/a&gt;: they're normally unstressed and from the phonological point of view they're part of the main word to which they attach. They can attach to the beginning of the following word (&lt;em&gt;proclitic&lt;/em&gt;), or to the end of the preceding word (&lt;em&gt;enclitic&lt;/em&gt;). By orthographical convention, proclitic pronouns are written separate from the verb, while enclitics are joined to it, but that's just an arbitrary rule. (The articles &lt;em&gt;el, la, los, las, un, una, unos, unas&lt;/em&gt; are also enclitic.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the following phrases are perfectly grammatical in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;quiero decírtelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;te lo quiero decir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;quiérotelo decir&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;te lo digo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;dígotelo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the ones I've marked (with &lt;em&gt;quiérotelo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dígotelo&lt;/em&gt;) are extremely unusual. You might find something like that in poetry, or in very old books, or in humoristic, affected speech, but not in real life speech today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why &lt;em&gt;quiero decírtelo&lt;/em&gt; is natural and common is that clitic object pronouns can't be attached before an infinitive, only after. So none of these is grammatical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&lt;em&gt;quiero te lo decir&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *&lt;em&gt;voy a lo llamar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *&lt;em&gt;vas a se lo decir&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  *&lt;em&gt;fue a nos buscar&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct forms should have the pronouns either after the infinitive or before the main verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;te lo quiero decir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;quiero decírtelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;lo voy a llamar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;voy a llamarlo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;se lo vas a decir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vas a decírselo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;nos fue a buscar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fue a buscarnos&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one of the correct forms you use is a matter of choice. Some people prefer the first pattern, others the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These rules are valid for most verbal tenses and moods. But for the imperative, the object pronouns will always be attached after the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dímelo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;say it to me&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;dáselas&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;give them[FEM] to he/she/them&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;búscanos&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;look for us&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T14:24:47.857" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19879" CreationDate="2017-02-27T17:31:41.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a subtle difference in meaning between &lt;em&gt;buenos padres&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;padres buenos&lt;/em&gt;, which is common to other pairs where the adjective (some adjectives specifically) might come before or after the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;padres buenos&lt;/em&gt; describes parents who are good people (though not necessarily good at raising their children;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;buenos padres&lt;/em&gt; describes people who are good parents (i. e. skilled at parenting).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the topic of prenominal vs. postnominal adjectives I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/DICE/article/viewFile/DICE9595110163A/13022&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; (translated and summarized):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The adjective modifies the noun in two different ways: on the one hand&#xA;  it determines it, i. e. it specifies it by limiting its extension; on&#xA;  the other hand it describes it, i. e. it explains it by adding&#xA;  information to something that is already determined. [Famous&#xA;  philologist Andrés] Bello explains that this logical-semantic&#xA;  difference is expressed in Spanish by means of the position of the&#xA;  adjective with respect to the noun it modifies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the phrase &lt;em&gt;un carro viejo&lt;/em&gt; we exclude from the concept of &quot;car&quot;&#xA;  all cars which are not old and limit it to those which can be referred&#xA;  to as &quot;old&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;By contrast, in the phrase &lt;em&gt;un viejo carro&lt;/em&gt; we use the adjective to&#xA;  augment the concept of &quot;car&quot; with the quality of &quot;old&quot;. We are in no&#xA;  way delimiting its extension but developing its &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intension&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intension&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In other words, what the speaker does when postponing the adjective is&#xA;  to delimit or specify a referent; while with the preposed adjective&#xA;  s/he explains a referent that is already specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;em&gt;padres buenos&lt;/em&gt; you first say you're talking about &quot;parents&quot; (which are people) and then specify that they are good people as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;em&gt;buenos padres&lt;/em&gt; you say these people are not only &quot;parents&quot; but &quot;&lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; parents&quot;, that is, good in terms of what &quot;good&quot; means to being a parent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind there are a lot of cases where the prenominal adjective sounds odd, and many others where the difference is unnoticeable. Maybe it's best to think of the adjective+noun pattern as an idiom: where the meaning is distinct enough, you'll learn it as a unit, just by hearing it a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T17:31:41.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19896" CreationDate="2017-02-27T18:26:59.053" Score="1" ViewCount="9379" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;code&gt;usted = you&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in Spanish verbs are modified to show the second person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;have = tener&#xA;You have = tiene&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, the word &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; is generally only used with a verb for emphasis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish textbook, it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) you have &#xA;usted tiene&#xA;&#xA;2) Do you want a drink?&#xA;¿Quiere usted tomar algo?&#xA;&#xA;3) Do you speak English? &#xA;¿Habla usted inglés?&#xA;&#xA;4) What do you do at the weekend?&#xA;¿Qué hace usted los ﬁnes de semana?&#xA;&#xA;5) Are you going to have dinner?&#xA;¿Va usted a cenar?&#xA;&#xA;6) Where are you from?&#xA;¿De dónde es usted?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In example 1, the word order follows English with &lt;code&gt;“you”&lt;/code&gt; being placed before the verb.&#xA;But in the other examples, the word order changes and &lt;code&gt;“you”&lt;/code&gt; comes after verb.&#xA;In the final example, &lt;code&gt;you&lt;/code&gt; comes at the end (although that’s probably because it doesn’t have a verb).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the rule for word order when using Usted with second person verbs (and second person phrases)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T22:37:26.573" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T22:37:26.573" Title="What is the rule for word order when using Usted with second person verbs (and second person phrases)?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19857" CreationDate="2017-02-27T19:20:51.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Podría ser &quot;Farol&quot;? O quizás lo estoy viendo demasiado literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/farol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;farol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m. Caja de material transparente dentro de la cual se pone una luz: &lt;em&gt;ha puesto un farol en la terraza del chalé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15079" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T10:22:45.733" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T10:22:45.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19887" CreationDate="2017-02-27T20:45:14.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase desde &quot;de la hiedra&quot; hasta el cierre del paréntesis incluido constituye un complemento de régimen de &quot;agarrándose&quot;, núcleo verbal de esa estructura de gerundio que hace de circunstancial de modo del verbo principal &quot;empezó a subir&quot;. Dentro de ese complemento de régimen, hay varios componentes coordinados, todos formados por la preposición &quot;de&quot; y una frase nominal como término de la preposición, excepto el último componente de la serie, donde el término &quot;lo que diablos fueran aquellos tallos&quot; es una proposición nominal relativa o relativa libre introducida por &quot;lo que&quot;, más o menos equiparable a &quot;cualquier cosa que fueran aquellos tallos &quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La proposición nominal relativa o relativa libre se caracteriza por condensar una proposición sustantiva con una adjetiva. En efecto, observamos en esta oración que la proposición cumple función de término de preposición, pero también podría desempeñar una función típicamente nominal, como la de sujeto: &quot;Lo que diablos fueran aquellos tallos me permitieron comenzar a trepar por la ladera.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del subjuntivo se justifica por el desconocimiento de la especie de los tallos, como si dijéramos:  &quot;de aquellos tallos, cualquiera fuese su nombre &quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: &quot;Él&quot; al inicio de la oración debería omitirse o ser seguido por una coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T23:51:50.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T23:51:50.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19893" CreationDate="2017-02-27T22:36:30.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As explained in the comments, pronouns (&lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; included) can move around rather freely in Spanish, and can also often be dropped. All the following examples are gramatically OK and also natural (not forced), in a proper context; &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is said rapidly and with minimal stress:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene usted una llamada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted dijo que esperaba una llamada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Llamó usted a la recepción?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted tiene dos hijos, ¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use subject &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; even at the end of the proposition, but this is a marked position, i. e. it's not neutral, it's often said with a specific intonation (in &lt;strong&gt;bold&lt;/strong&gt; in the examples) and means you're focusing on some detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Llamó &lt;strong&gt;a la recepción&lt;/strong&gt; usted?&lt;/em&gt; (emphasis: place)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Va a &lt;strong&gt;llamar&lt;/strong&gt; usted?&lt;/em&gt; (emphasis: whether or not call was made)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Va a llamar &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; o llamo yo?&lt;/em&gt; (emphasis: alternative)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These last examples are how I speak, so they might be dialectal. Maybe other native speakers could chip in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T22:36:30.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19914" CreationDate="2017-02-28T02:12:06.787" Score="3" ViewCount="2607" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como indica el diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VL2FPtQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rebotar&lt;/a&gt; (undécima entrada) es sinónimo de estar enfadado o enfadarse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. prnl. coloq. Esp. Alterarse, enfadarse vivamente por palabras o acciones de otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por supuesto un coloquialismo y se ve que sólo se usa en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan está &lt;em&gt;rebotado&lt;/em&gt; porque ha encontrado un arañazo en el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me reboté bastante el otro día, con lo que me dijo ese señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que un verbo que significa no solo &amp;quot;botar repetidamente&amp;quot; sino también &amp;quot;Volver a la dirección de origen; Retroceder o cambiar de dirección por haber chocado con un obstáculo&amp;quot; se use para estar enfadado. Recuerdo que de niño, cuando alguien decía algo para insultarte, le podías decir &amp;quot;Rebota rebota (que tu culo explota)&amp;quot;. Por tanto, &amp;quot;me rebota&amp;quot; debería significar &amp;quot;no me afecta&amp;quot;, pero el sentido del coloquialismo es el contrario&amp;quot; me afecta y me enfado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos comentarios tan machistas &lt;em&gt;me rebotan&lt;/em&gt; (Me dan igual. No me afectan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos comentarios tan machistas &lt;em&gt;me rebotan&lt;/em&gt; (Me hacen enfadar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha llegado &lt;strong&gt;rebotar&lt;/strong&gt; a adquirir el significado de &amp;quot;hacer enfadar&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:13:35.543" Title="¿Por qué cuando alguien se enfada decimos que &quot;se rebota&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19899" CreationDate="2017-02-28T11:30:45.200" Score="2" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;google&lt;/em&gt; a verb in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is, how can I conjugate it? &lt;em&gt;Googlear&lt;/em&gt; sounds really weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it pronounced differently too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14143" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T12:23:38.917" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:22:29.277" Title="Is &quot;google&quot; a verb in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19898" CreationDate="2017-02-28T12:23:06.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Googlear&lt;/em&gt; does not appear in the dictionary of the Real Academia Española, but it follows the common pattern to create nouns. That is, to add a suffix on the form &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; for verbs in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We pronounce it &lt;em&gt;/gu.gle'ar/&lt;/em&gt; and it has the common conjugation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo              googleo&#xA;tú              googleas&#xA;él/ella/usted   googlea&#xA;&#xA;nosotros        googleamos&#xA;vosotros        googleáis&#xA;ellos/ustedes   googlean&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the article in Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/guglear-1670/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guglear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español pueden formarse derivados de nombres propios extranjeros con la adición de una terminación adecuada (como «washingtoniano» de Washington).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera que «googlear» no es incorrecto, aunque si se llega a aceptar como parte del léxico castellano no debería haber problema en adaptar su escritura a «guglear». Sin embargo, una buena alternativa es «consultar en Google».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if it is ever included in the dictionary, it may be on the form &lt;em&gt;guglear&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;googlear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally, it is difficult to tell if a word is &amp;quot;incorrect&amp;quot; or not. Apart from the ortographic rules, new words appear all the time and they are in a kind of &lt;em&gt;limbo&lt;/em&gt;. If society decides that it is worth using them and consistently do, they may end up being accepted by the official dictionary, since in the end it intends to be a reflection of the words society uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worth reading: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18511/1674&quot;&gt;¿Durante cuántos años debe aparecer una palabra en textos escritos para que la RAE la recoja en el diccionario?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T15:53:18.973" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18511" CreationDate="2017-02-28T13:52:29.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás ésta no sea la respuesta más ortodoxa y completa, pero fue la respuesta del académico Don Arturo Pérez-Reverte a la misma pregunta formulada en Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juαn Vte. Sαntαcreu: hola, buenas noches @perezreverte por favor,&#xA;  ¿cuantos años hace falta que una palabra circule para que la RAE la&#xA;  admita?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Pérez-Reverte: @JVSantacreu Cinco, si hay documentación&#xA;  escrita. Si es usada por los hispanoahablantes (50 millones aquí, 400&#xA;  allí) de foma general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/JVSantacreu/status/308294515494645760&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://twitter.com/JVSantacreu/status/308294515494645760&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que la academia sí se toma un tiempo para, supongo yo, evaluar la evolución, aceptación y uso del término nuevo. Es una buen método para no añadir al diccionario cualquier palabra. Posiblemente, cinco años sea un estándar temporal que aplican para la evolución de un idioma, pese a la sensación de inmediatez que vivimos hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14921" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T13:52:29.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19901" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19908" CreationDate="2017-02-28T14:47:20.147" Score="0" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un autor de una gramática española realizó un &quot;análisis frecuencial&quot;, mejor dicho quería investigar qué modo se utiliza frecuentemente en las oraciones concesivas después de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; – indicativo o subjuntivo. El resultado indica que en 44 de 51 casos se usa el subjuntivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber vuestra opinión: ¿Os parece razonable este análisis? Sabemos que el subjuntivo depende mucho de la actitud del hablante. Y si analizo un texto narrativo en el que se trata de acontecimientos reales o dificultades reales y el hablante está muy seguro de la concesión, entonces uso el indicativo, ¿verdad? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede generalizar que el subjuntivo es el modo &quot;preferido&quot; después de &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T14:52:22.810" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T14:52:22.810" Title="Aunque y el modo verbal" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T16:23:10.700" Score="2" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish textbook it says that Spanish uses &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; when talking about thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. &lt;code&gt;Pienso que = I think that&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then gives the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) Pienso que puede hacerlo.&#xA;I think he can do it. &#xA;&#xA;2) Pienso que la elección fue muy emocionante&#xA;I think the election was very exciting.&#xA;&#xA;3) I think large governments don't understand the public&#xA;Pienso que los altos gobernantes no entienden al pueblo&#xA;&#xA;4) Pienso que este año vuelven a ganar la Copa.&#xA;I think this year they’ll win the Cup again.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then it has the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;5) Pienso irme la semana que viene o en dos semanas&#xA;I think go away next week or in two weeks&#xA;&#xA;6) Pienso quedarme una semana en España&#xA;I think I’ll stay a week in Spain&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do examples 5 and 6 omit the use of &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;? Is there are rule as to when to use &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; and when to omit it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T22:06:24.343" Title="When to omit 'que' when discussing thinking (Pienso)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19898" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:22:29.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Googlear no es un verbo de manera oficial, de manera que no aparecerá en la Real Academia Española (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo es comúnmente usado entre nosotros. Imagino que para que sea aceptado de manera oficial deben pasar cierta cantidad de años y algunos filtros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15087" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:22:29.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19857" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:27:49.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa perfectamente se refiere a foco, pero el uso va a depender de donde estés y la cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en mi país (Venezuela) al foco no se le dice foco sino bombillo, en otros países le dicen bombilla. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va a depender de la cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15087" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T23:31:09.217" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T23:31:09.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:33:36.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a tu pregunta no hay una regla que aplique cuando debe o no ir el &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso particular de las últimas dos oraciones si agregas &quot;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en &quot;&lt;em&gt;Pienso que irme...&lt;/em&gt;&quot; debes colocar un complemento, porque con el &quot;&lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; después de &quot;&lt;em&gt;irme&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es como si dijeras que si te vas produce una determinada consecuencia que debes explicar dentro de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero sea de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15087" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T22:09:39.273" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:09:39.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:35:18.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pienso que&quot; will be followed by a clause containing a tensed verb (&lt;em&gt;puede, fue, entienden, vuelven&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, in examples (5) and (6), &quot;pienso&quot; is followed by an infinitive and does not mean &quot;believe&quot; as in examples (1) to (4) but &quot;plan to/intend to/consider the idea of&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:35:18.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:37:50.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The examples you gave correspond to two different meanings of &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;. The first four employ the common pattern for when the meaning is &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;to think&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and the object (the thing being thought) is a subclause. The basic difference with English here is that, in English, &amp;quot;that&amp;quot; is optional, while in Spanish &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is compulsory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two examples without &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; show a slightly different meaning of &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;: here it's not &amp;quot;to think&amp;quot; but &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;to plan&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, and what follows is not a subclause but an infinitive. In English you might translate is as &amp;quot;to be thinking [of/about]&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;to be planning on&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso irme la semana que viene o en dos semanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I'm planning on going away next week or in two weeks.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso quedarme una semana en España.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I'm thinking of staying a week in Spain.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's more like &amp;quot;plan&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;think&amp;quot; actually, most times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:12:45.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19901" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:44:07.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Más que de la actitud del hablante, el uso del indicativo o del subjuntivo dependerá, respectivamente, de la certeza o mera probabilidad de la proposición introducida por &quot;aunque&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;strong&gt;llueve&lt;/strong&gt;, iré al picnic. (Está lloviendo, pero iré de todos modos.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;strong&gt;llueva&lt;/strong&gt;, iré al picnic. (Iré al picnic sea que llueva o no: cabe la posibilidad de que no llueva.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:44:07.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:04:55.223" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first Pienso means &quot;I believe&quot; or &quot;I think&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second Pienso means &quot;I have decided to ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As another example, to show the different meanings for the same word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso que es culpa suya y no pienso ayudarle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think (I believe) it is his/her fault, and I will not help him/her (I have decided to ... / I am determined to ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first use reflects my opinion or my belief, and the second one reflects my will, my determination, my decision, what I will do, unless I change my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the corresponding  entry in the dictionary of the Real Academia Española:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=STY14i0|STayfGw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=STY14i0|STayfGw&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;the verb &quot;pensar&quot; can have different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for a rule for when to use &quot;que&quot;: I would suggest you use it whenever you use the word &quot;pienso&quot; in the sense mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vienes esta noche?&#xA;  Are you coming tonight?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso que sí.&#xA;  I think so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso estar allí.&#xA;  I'll be there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pienso ir ni loca.&#xA;  I'm not going at all. [she wouldn't go even if she had gone crazy]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like the phrasal verbs in english, in this case I don't see a shortcut. The rule to apply could be quite general for the sudent of a foreign language: know the vocabulary (the word and its different meanings), study your grammar (use of &quot;que&quot; in compound sentences), and then read, hear and speak the word in different contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15088" LastEditorUserId="15088" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T22:59:02.103" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:59:02.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19913" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:07:55.313" Score="2" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy en duda sobre cómo traducir esta frase al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos candidatos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Propuso una conjetura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Posó una conjectura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emitió una conjetura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguno me convence.&#xA;&quot;Conjeturó&quot; no cuadra muy bien con lo que estoy escribiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14916" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T20:00:11.547" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;He posed a conjecture&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:10:13.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the following pair, both sentences are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que iré mañana a tu casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso ir mañana a tu casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases the subject is 'Yo', the verb is 'pensar' and the direct complement is a subordinate sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that in the first subordinate sentence the verb is conjugated ('iré': first singular person of the indicative future), while in the second it uses an impersonal ('ir': infinitive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, the subordinate sentence is preceded by the pronoun 'que' or some similar conjunction. But if the subject of the main sentence ('&lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; pienso') coincides with the subject of the subordinate sentence ('&lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; iré'), then the conjunction 'que' is not used, and the verb is used in infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are equivalent because the subject of the main and subordinate sentences are the same: 'tú'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No nades después de que comas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No nades después de comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the other hand, these are &lt;em&gt;not equivalent&lt;/em&gt; because the subject of the main sentence is 'yo', and the subject of the subordinate is 'tú':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría que cantaras para nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría cantar para nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T20:22:43.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19901" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:17:13.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que realmente observó el autor es que la palabra 'aunque' se usa con mayor frecuencia en oraciones concesivas que en oraciones adversativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T18:17:13.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19910" CreationDate="2017-02-28T20:00:11.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor combinación es: &quot;formular/plantear una conjetura/hipótesis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T20:00:11.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19897" CreationDate="2017-02-28T22:13:35.543" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se usa un verbo parecido: &lt;strong&gt;retobarse,&lt;/strong&gt; aunque el nuestro lleva también una idea de rebelión. Resulta que se trata de una metátesis del de ustedes. La historia completa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen no es &lt;strong&gt;botar&lt;/strong&gt; sino &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ziiNrY|5zj9Xiw|5zjDEs8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;boto,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que significa &lt;em&gt;romo&lt;/em&gt; (aplicado a cosas) y &lt;em&gt;obtuso, necio&lt;/em&gt; (a personas). Es la raíz de palabras como &lt;em&gt;embotado&lt;/em&gt; y de las definiciones 6, 9, 10 y 11 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VL2FPtQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebotar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el s. XIV, &lt;strong&gt;rebotar&lt;/strong&gt; significaba &lt;em&gt;embotar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desteñir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doblar la cabeza un clavo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí, en el s. XVI, &lt;strong&gt;rebotado&lt;/strong&gt; adquirió el significado de &lt;em&gt;engreído&lt;/em&gt;,* y en el s. XVII el de &lt;em&gt;conturbado, puesto fuera de sí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí el &lt;strong&gt;rebotarse&lt;/strong&gt; de la pregunta. La palabra siguió viaje; Corominas enumera algunos destinos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;retobarse&lt;/strong&gt; rioplatense, ver arriba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;retrobar&lt;/strong&gt; chileno: &lt;em&gt;regañar, rezongar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebotado&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peruano: &lt;em&gt;taimado, camandulero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ecuatoriano: &lt;em&gt;terco, porfiado, caprichoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cubano: &lt;em&gt;(persona o animal) indómito, que no respeta el ejercicio de poder de su superior&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;centroamericano: &lt;em&gt;refunfuñador, malcriado, indómito, resabiado, repropio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mexicano: &lt;em&gt;respondón, quisquilloso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Corominas y Pascual. &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Crítico Etimológico Castellano e Hispánico&lt;/em&gt;. Gredos, Madrid, 1984.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Nota: ¿tal vez por el aspecto displicente del que tiene los sentidos embotados, parecido al del engreído? Corominas no explica este salto semántico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:13:35.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T03:56:55.163" Score="1" ViewCount="1110" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto/está bien el uso de la forma &amp;quot;al + infinitivo&amp;quot; en el siguiente párrafo (que es una parte de un CV de traductor)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al escribir en cualquier idioma, sigo las reglas de puntuación aun cuando escribo textos informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al escuchar programas en árabe  o al leer textos en cualquiera de mis idiomas, noto errores gramaticales y ortográficos y los corrijo mentalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15091" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T10:19:32.500" Title="¿Está bien el uso de &quot;al + infinitivo&quot; en este párrafo?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13371" CreationDate="2017-03-01T03:58:44.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the border, I have heard it being used sort of &quot;a dude&quot;, or like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese es &quot;puro plebe&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (not high ranking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15092" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T08:23:49.297" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T08:23:49.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19915" CreationDate="2017-03-01T04:13:27.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que sí. El infinitivo en español puede tener carácter nominal (por ejemplo, &quot;Me gusta pintar&quot;, &quot;oigo el aullar de los lobos a lo lejos&quot;) o verbal, con sujeto explícito y complemento (por ejemplo &quot;al hacer yo la colada&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Al + infinitivo&quot; puede expresar muchas cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Significado temporal: &quot;Al salir de casa, me di cuenta de que me había olvidado las llaves&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Causa: &quot;Al no haber helado de chocolate, pedí uno de vainilla&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta caso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al escribir&lt;/strong&gt; (yo) sigo las reglas de puntuación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entiendo que tiene el significado temporal, ya que es un equivalente a &quot;cuando&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando escribo&lt;/strong&gt; (yo) sigo las reglas de puntuación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T04:13:27.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T05:04:35.023" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien el uso del punto y coma en la siguiente frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando no pude entrar el departamento de filología hispánica en la universidad, decidí estudiar español por mi cuenta por internet; y ahora lo hablo a nivel avanzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O es mejor usar una coma o qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15093" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T09:05:55.273" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T09:05:55.273" Title="¿Está bien el uso del punto y coma en la siguiente frase? &quot;Cuando no pude.... decidí estudiar español; y ahora lo hablo a nivel avanzado&quot;" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19924" CreationDate="2017-03-01T05:19:23.333" Score="2" ViewCount="3172" Body="&lt;p&gt;La R.A.E. expone como definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7v4biYD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catarsis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Entre los antiguos griegos, purificación ritual de personas o cosas afectadas de alguna impureza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Efecto purificador y liberador que causa la tragedia en los espectadores suscitando la compasión, el horror y otras emociones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Purificación, liberación o transformación interior suscitadas por una experiencia vital profunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;. f. &lt;em&gt;Biol&lt;/em&gt;. Expulsión espontánea o provocada de sustancias nocivas al organismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo he leído varias veces y no me queda completamente claro el concepto. ¿Alguien me podría dar algunos ejemplos a modo de resolver mi duda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T09:12:51.757" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T09:12:51.757" Title="¿Cómo ejemplificar la catarsis?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19927" CreationDate="2017-03-01T06:16:11.417" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si alguien asistió a algunas clases de traducción en una compañía en la que no trabaja, ¿se puede considerar eso &quot;formación ocupacional&quot;? Es que no estoy segura de los significados que puede tener esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15094" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T14:38:11.937" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T14:38:11.937" Title="Uso de Formación Ocupacional" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;legislación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19929" CreationDate="2017-03-01T07:05:27.197" Score="3" ViewCount="19032" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto muchas abreviaturas para los meses en español. Son muy diferentes y estoy confundida. ¿Ustedes me pueden confirmar si son las siguientes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;febrero    &amp;gt; feb.  &#xA;abril      &amp;gt; abr.  &#xA;mayo       &amp;gt; may.  &#xA;junio      &amp;gt; jun.  &#xA;agosto     &amp;gt; ago.  &#xA;septiembre &amp;gt; sep.  &#xA;octubre    &amp;gt; oct.  &#xA;noviembre  &amp;gt; nov.  &#xA;diciembre  &amp;gt; dic.  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las abreviaturas que puse van con minúsculas y puntos y son para los meses que necesito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que ninguna de las listas que he visto lleva todas esas abreviaturas juntas, yo las recogí de más de una lista. Es que mi colección me parece más lógica, porque todas tienen tres letras. ¿Se puede hacer eso o hay que seguir una sola lista para un texto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15094" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:50:07.573" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T09:50:07.573" Title="¿Cuáles son las abreviaturas para los meses?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19919" CreationDate="2017-03-01T08:39:36.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de las mejores formas de buscar ejemplos de uso de una palabra es mediante los corpus de referencia. En la web de la RAE tienes el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; (textos hasta hace 25 años) y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt; (textos de los últimos 25 años). Buscando en este último la palabra &quot;catarsis&quot; se encuentran &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=0&amp;amp;texto=catarsis&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;309 casos en 231 documentos&lt;/a&gt;. Por ejemplo (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] Vizcaíno reflexiona sobre el grave alcance de la extorsión, que ha llegado a la pequeña empresa, y reclama un ejercicio de &lt;strong&gt;catarsis&lt;/strong&gt; política a través de unas elecciones que clarifiquen el panorama y lleven a los partidos a anteponer su voluntad de diálogo sobre su capacidad de desencuentro. &lt;sub&gt;(Acepción 3.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Braudel escribió que el fútbol ocupa el mismo espacio y tiene la misma función que la tragedia entre los griegos, es decir, provoca la &lt;strong&gt;catarsis&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta combustión interna de sentimientos en el estadio purifica y regenera y uno acaba saliendo del campo limpio, nuevo y casi feliz. &lt;sub&gt;(Acepción 2.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo ves más claro, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sinonimos.com/sinonimo.php?palabra=catarsis&amp;amp;x=0&amp;amp;y=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimos aceptados&lt;/a&gt; de &quot;catarsis&quot; son &quot;purga&quot; y &quot;limpieza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T08:39:36.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19918" CreationDate="2017-03-01T08:53:33.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso del ejemplo que planteas, dado que usas la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; no es necesario el uso de ningún signo de puntuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando no pude entrar en el departamento de Filología Hispánica en la universidad, decidí estudiar español por mi cuenta por Internet y ahora lo hablo a nivel avanzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si omites la conjunción, sí es posible usar un signo de puntuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando no pude entrar en el departamento de Filología Hispánica en la universidad, decidí estudiar español por mi cuenta por Internet. Ahora lo hablo a nivel avanzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando no pude entrar en el departamento de Filología Hispánica en la universidad, decidí estudiar español por mi cuenta por Internet; ahora lo hablo a nivel avanzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota, el uso de &quot;cuando no pude entrar&quot; me suena un poquito forzado. Yo lo escribiría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al no poder entrar en el departamento...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando vi que no iba a entrar en el departamento...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T08:53:33.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19923" CreationDate="2017-03-01T09:10:18.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fundéu tiene una explicación larga e interesante que detallo a continuación. Sin embargo, sus sugerencias suenen poco comunes, por lo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/i/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FFundeu%2Fstatus%2F836963144627073024%3Fcn%3DcmVwbHk%253D%26refsrc%3Demail&amp;amp;t=1&amp;amp;cn=cmVwbHk%3D&amp;amp;sig=5fe9fdf17d111f0a1b3c41809f09ff5882adbfbf&amp;amp;iid=bd167a504b594ef087df8bc76a906a70&amp;amp;uid=332572000&amp;amp;nid=27%201489&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me han emplazado&lt;/a&gt; a esta tabla extraída de Wikilengua en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Abreviaciones_en_fechas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abreviaciones en fechas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/65sbo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/65sbo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;copio de momento como imagen, a la espera de editarlo en formato markdown mínimamente leíble&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente la opción natural es usar el &lt;em&gt;código trilítero&lt;/em&gt; (la más común), si bien si pides explícitamente &lt;em&gt;abreviatura&lt;/em&gt; deberías tomar los valores de la segunda columna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación de Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/meses-abreviaturas-y-simbolos-2386/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;meses (abreviaturas y símbolos)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; detalla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las abreviaturas de los meses tal como aparecían en las obras Académicas de hace algunos años, son las siguientes (omitimos algunas sin uso en la actualidad):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;en.&#xA;febr.&#xA;mzo.&#xA;abr.&#xA;my.&#xA;jun.&#xA;jul.&#xA;ag. (o agto.)&#xA;sept. (o set. o setbre.)&#xA;oct. (u octbre.)&#xA;nov. (o novbre.)&#xA;dic. (o dicbre.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego sigue diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En calendarios, cuadros, gráficos y ciertas aplicaciones informáticas es frecuente el uso de códigos o símbolos de una, dos o tres letras. Los de una letra son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E / F / M / A / M / J / J / A / S / O / N / D.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los de tres letras son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ENE / FEB/ MAR / ABR / MAY / JUN / JUL / AGO / SET (o SEP) / OCT / NOV / DIC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los de dos letras no tienen una forma asentada, pero dos sistemas habituales son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EN / FE / MA / AB / MY / JN / JL / AG / SE / OC / NO / DI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EN / FB / MR / AB / MY / JN / JL / AG / SP / OC / NV / DC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene información detallada sobre las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Abreviaciones_en_fechas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abreviaturas de los meses&lt;/a&gt; en la Wikilengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la formación de las abreviaturas en general, el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas da pistas interesantes en su artículo al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abreviatura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. Formación. La abreviatura ha de ser eficaz y, por eso, debe suprimir como mínimo dos letras de la palabra abreviada (mejor, tres, si la palabra es suficientemente larga, para poder ahorrar, al menos, dos caracteres, ya que una de las letras suprimidas es reemplazada por el punto de cierre); (...) Existen dos procedimientos para formar abreviaturas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Por truncamiento, suprimiendo letras o sílabas finales: cód. por código, art. por artículo. En este caso, la abreviatura nunca debe terminar en vocal: pról., y no pró. ni prólo., como abreviatura de prólogo. En el caso de las abreviaturas que corresponden a fórmulas fijas, se abrevian todas y cada una de las palabras que las integran, incluso artículos, preposiciones o conjunciones, reduciéndolos a la letra inicial: s. e. u o. por salvo error u omisión, q. e. p. d. por que en paz descanse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Por contracción, eliminando letras centrales y dejando solo las más representativas: dpto. o depto. por departamento, admr. por administrador. Entre las abreviaturas formadas por contracción están las que presentan la letra o letras finales voladas: n.o por número, af.mo por afectísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T15:45:51.973" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:45:51.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19922" CreationDate="2017-03-01T09:24:30.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://formadores-ocupacionales.blogspot.com.es/2009/10/formacion-ocupacional-que-es.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La formación profesional ocupacional, está dirigida a las personas en edad laboral que quieren prepararse para acceder a una ocupación o promocionarse en un puesto de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esto, el sitio donde se impartan las clases es lo de menos: lo importante es el objetivo que persigues recibiendo esas clases. Si tu objetivo es formarte para poder optar a un puesto de trabajo (ya sea porque estás en paro o porque aspiras a algo mejor), es formación ocupacional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos cursos los puedes dar por tu cuenta en centros especializados, o los puede dar tu propia empresa (si está interesada en formar a sus empleados) a través de profesores contratados. Pero insisto en que lo importante es lo que persigues con ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T09:24:30.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19933" CreationDate="2017-03-01T10:37:01.277" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que hay un futbolista del FC Barcelona (también conocido como Barça) que apenas juega con su equipo. Se llama Paco Alcácer y hoy un periódico deportivo lleva la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2017/02/28/primera/1488311857_535992.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer en el Barça: 809 minutos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando leí el titular, me chirrió. Así como está formulada, parece que se refiera a que &quot;ningún jugador de toda la liga juega menos que esta persona&quot;. Sin embargo, el cuerpo la noticia indica que de entre los de este equipo, este es el jugador que menos minutos disputa. Es decir, seguro que hay jugadores de otros equipos que han jugado menos minutos y este texto se centra solamente en este equipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que el titular correcto debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el Barça, nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviando la estudiada ambigüedad de los periódicos deportivos, ¿podríamos afirmar que la frase &lt;em&gt;Nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer en el Barça&lt;/em&gt; es verdadera y equivalente a &lt;em&gt;En el Barça, nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:27:28.977" Title="¿Es correcto el titular &quot;Nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer en el Barça&quot; cuando otros jugadores de otros equipos juegan menos?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19923" CreationDate="2017-03-01T10:52:08.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por una vez, y sin que sirva de precedente, un poco de código fuente puede ayudar a resolver esta pregunta (C# en este caso):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= 12; i++)&#xA;{&#xA;    var date = new DateTime(2017, i, 1);&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(date.ToString(&quot;MMM&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este código nos da la siguiente lista de nombres de meses abreviados para el español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ene.&#xA;feb.&#xA;mar.&#xA;abr.&#xA;may.&#xA;jun.&#xA;jul.&#xA;ago.&#xA;sep.&#xA;oct.&#xA;nov.&#xA;dic.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso el caso de &quot;may.&quot;, ya que incumple la norma de la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19926/12637&quot;&gt;comentada por fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;, que dice que una abreviatura debe omitir al menos dos letras para tener sentido. Por no hablar de que dos acaban en vocal, lo que tampoco se aconseja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T13:41:14.613" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19930" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T11:51:49.490" Score="5" ViewCount="847" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nótese que hago esta pregunta desde el respeto y con ánimo de aprender, y bajo ningún concepto con intención de herir a nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día se causó un pequeño revuelo en la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19857/12637&quot;&gt;¿Qué empieza por la letra “F” y se parece a una bombilla?&lt;/a&gt;, dado que el texto de la pregunta contiene la palabra &quot;sudamericano&quot;, mientras que por el contexto y viendo la imagen se podía deducir que se hacía referencia al español de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entendemos que es muy fácil usar la denominación &quot;norteamérica&quot; para hacer referencia a Estados Unidos únicamente. En España cometemos ese error con más frecuencia de la deseada, yo personalmente intento usar las denominaciones &quot;Estados Unidos&quot; y &quot;estadounidense&quot;. En contraposición, es fácil caer en el término &quot;sudamérica&quot; para denominar al resto de países que hay desde la frontera sur de Estados Unidos hacia abajo. Entendemos también que es un error y pedimos perdón por ello, entiéndase simplemente que se dice así más por flojera o desconocimiento que por otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada la circunstancia de aquella pregunta, hubo quien &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19897/12637&quot;&gt;se rebotó&lt;/a&gt; un poco. Y para que no nos vuelva a pasar, pregunto: ¿es un insulto para un mexicano (y para los habitantes de la América Central) que se le denomine &quot;sudamericano&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:09:25.070" Title="¿Es &quot;sudamericano&quot; un insulto para los mexicanos?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19930" CreationDate="2017-03-01T14:20:44.517" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es insulto, pero no somos Sudamérica. De hecho, somos Norteamérica. Abajo de nosotros también está Centroamérica y ya abajo de Panamá está Sudamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15098" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T15:09:25.070" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:09:25.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10555" CreationDate="2017-03-01T15:04:02.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;fruto&quot; y &quot;fruta&quot; son palabras distintas. Como se ve en la definición que aparece en el Diccionario de la Real Academia Española. Las frutas son frutos pero no todos los frutos son frutas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=fruto%20fruto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fruto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;fructus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Producto del desarrollo del ovario de una flor después de la fecundación, en el que quedan contenidas las semillas, y en cuya&#xA;  formación cooperan con frecuencia tanto el cáliz como el receptáculo&#xA;  floral y otros órganos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Producto de las plantas, que, aparte de la utilidad que puede tener, sirve para desarrollar y proteger la semilla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Hijo, con relación a un matrimonio, y, especialmente, con relación a la mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Producción del ingenio o del trabajo humano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Producto o resultado obtenido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. pl. Producciones de la tierra con que se hace cosecha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=fruta%20fruta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fruta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;fructa&lt;/em&gt;, pl. de &lt;em&gt;fructum&lt;/em&gt; 'fruto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Fruto comestible de ciertas plantas cultivadas; p. ej., la pera, la guinda, la fresa, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Producto de algo o consecuencia de ello.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:04:02.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19928" CreationDate="2017-03-01T15:27:28.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo las oigo como equivalentes. Distinto sería si la frase fuera: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer, del Barça.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; O bien &lt;em&gt;&quot;Nadie juega menos que Paco Alcácer, que juega en el Barça desde hace x años.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, el complemento &lt;em&gt;en el Barça&lt;/em&gt; no suena incidental (opcional) sino que delimita claramente la referencia. Igual que si dijésemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nadie disfruta más que yo la primavera en los parques de la ciudad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nadie disfruta más que yo la primavera cuando llueve.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nadie disfruta más que yo la primavera al aire libre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos esos complementos al final de las frases especifican y recortan su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T15:27:28.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19935" CreationDate="2017-03-01T21:46:06.520" Score="4" ViewCount="1818" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el nombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María Marcela Lagarde y de los Ríos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lagarde y de los Ríos&quot;, ¿son los 2 apellidos?, ¿o es un solo apellido? ¿O es el apellido después de casarse? Nunca había visto un apellido así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T14:37:20.970" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T14:48:03.547" Title="¿Por qué se separan los apellidos con &quot;y de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;legislación&gt;&lt;genealogía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19934" CreationDate="2017-03-01T22:44:10.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son &lt;em&gt;dos apellidos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Lagarde&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de los Ríos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mucho tiempo en España, oficialmente (a propósitos administrativos) los apellidos paternos y maternos iban con una &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; intercalada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día, hay varios sistemas en uso en el mundo hispanohablante.  Pero vamos a pensarlo un poco para ver qué razón podría haber.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para un hombre, no habría ningún problema con un nombre como &lt;em&gt;Juan José Lagarde de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; porque es evidente que &lt;em&gt;Lagarde&lt;/em&gt; es el primer apellido de su padre y que &lt;em&gt;de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; es el primer apellido de su madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, para las mujeres, en algunos lugares/tiempos (antiguamente en Cataluña, y sigue vigente en México, si no recuerdo mal — que me corrijan en caso contrario), es/era normal que una mujer, después de casarse, deje/dejase el apellido heredado de su madre, adoptando en su lugar el primer apellido de su esposo con un &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; antepuesto.  Por eso, sería posible que se pensase que una mujer con el nombre de &lt;em&gt;María Marcela Lagarde de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; era casada a un tal Sr. de los Ríos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para evitar confusión, ya que el apellido es &lt;em&gt;de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; con un &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; de matrimonio antepuesto, puede ser que ella optara por el uso del &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; para que constase que el &lt;em&gt;de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt; era apellido suyo de nacimiento.  Como todavía se emplea tanto &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; para hacer evidente que un nombre es apellido y no nombre, este uso no sería muy raro.  Igualmente, como &lt;em&gt;Lagarde&lt;/em&gt; es apellido extranjero, puede que esta mujer pensase que a algunos les parecería como un nombre extranjero en vez de apellido, y optó por el &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (en vez del más común &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;) para evitar la cacofonía de &lt;em&gt;Lagarde de de los Ríos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero que conste, lo de arriba es hipótesis, puede haber muchas otras razones históricas o meramente estéticas (por ejemplo, que le pareciese sencillamente más bonito y ya nada más) por el uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:59:30.220" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:59:30.220" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T03:13:06.790" Score="5" ViewCount="2853" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una charla familiar, alguien dijo, refiriéndose a otra persona: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Parece (ser) yo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un primer momento, a todos nos pareció, si no incorrecto, al menos inusual. Sería, desde luego, mucho más común decir: &quot;Se parece a mí&quot; (o tal vez &quot;Parezco yo&quot;, aunque mi impresión es que esta forma busca viabilizar gramaticalmente el semánticamente más apropiado: &quot;(Una tercera persona) Parece yo&quot;). Y, ni hablar, comenzaron a surgir otras posibles monstruosidades como: &quot;Pareces yo&quot;, &quot;Parezco tú&quot;. Con la tercera persona y con nombres se torna más aceptable: &quot;Parezco él&quot;,  &quot;Parezco Juan&quot;, &quot;Parece María&quot;. Entonces la restricción pareciera centrarse en utilizar como predicativo los pronombres de primera y segunda persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe una tendencia -- si no una regla estricta -- a utilizar los pronombres en caso objetivo y los nombres personales precedidos por &quot;a&quot; en construcciones de este tipo, pero en ese caso se utilizaría el verbo pronominal &quot;parecerse&quot;. No encontré nada en la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española sobre el verbo &quot;parecer&quot; al respecto -- sólo alguna mención general a que los grupos nominales tienen un uso restringido como atributos de verbos copulativos, y la ausencia de cualquier ejemplo como los que mencioné más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T03:43:38.163" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:44:24.153" Title="¿Existe alguna regla gramatical que indique que &quot;Parece yo&quot; sea incorrecto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19950" CreationDate="2017-03-02T09:37:14.560" Score="2" ViewCount="803" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;merendola&lt;/em&gt; es de esas que hace gracia simplemente cómo suena. Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P02hgVd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;merendola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Merienda espléndida y abundante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por ejemplo, uno de mis amigos, que prepara actualmente una novela de asunto andaluz, se halla preocupado por una verdadera nonada. Una de las escenas capitales de su narración es una merendola campestre, y mi amigo no sabe bajo qué árbol cobijar a sus personajes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilio García Gómez, &quot;Nuevas escenas andaluzas&quot;, 1948 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el significado de la palabra, se diría que &quot;merendola&quot; debería ser un aumentativo de merienda, pero el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ola&lt;/em&gt; no lo recoge el diccionario (como sí sucede con otros sufijos aumentativos como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R3Ff5cR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ón, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y dado que el diccionario no se atreve a aventurar la etimología de &lt;em&gt;merendola&lt;/em&gt; (aunque parece casi seguro que es una variación de &lt;em&gt;merienda&lt;/em&gt;), ¿cuál podría ser el origen de tan simpática palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T21:22:09.850" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;merendola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19936" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:03:04.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que aparte de inusual (que lo es), también es incorrecto, intento explicar por qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un caso análogo, cuando te ves a ti mismo en una foto, dices &lt;code&gt;este soy yo&lt;/code&gt;, y no &lt;code&gt;este es yo&lt;/code&gt;. Si no tuvieras la certeza total de la persona de la foto, podrías decir &lt;code&gt;este parezco yo&lt;/code&gt;, pero no &lt;code&gt;este parece yo&lt;/code&gt;, que es lo que dijo tu familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T13:19:10.400" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T13:19:10.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19936" CreationDate="2017-03-02T13:22:14.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=seEVswKc5D6y2K5WFZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los pronombres personales tónicos son aquellos que pueden funcionar como sujeto (&lt;em&gt;TÚ sabrás&lt;/em&gt;), como atributo (&lt;em&gt;Los culpables son ELLOS&lt;/em&gt;) o como término de preposición (&lt;em&gt;Mi hermano vendrá con NOSOTROS&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería correcto, entonces, decir &quot;parece YO&quot;, si &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; fuera un atributo y &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; funcionara como verbo copulativo. (Solo hay atributo cuando hay verbo copulativo, más abajo se aclara). De hecho, &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; es uno de los pocos verbos copulativos del español: ser, estar y parecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, respuesta corta, no, no habría error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el verbo &quot;parecer&quot; no siempre es copulativo. De hecho &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=parecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tiene dos formas&lt;/a&gt; que son gramatical y semánticamente diferentes (en realidad son más de dos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando significa &quot;ser similar a algo o alguien&quot; es una forma &lt;em&gt;pronominal&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, siempre va acompañada de un pronombre átono: &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; parece, parecer&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; parezco... Este verbo es &lt;strong&gt;predicativo&lt;/strong&gt;, vale decir, &lt;em&gt;es el verbo el que predica&lt;/em&gt;, el que indica la acción o el estado del sujeto. (Y los verbos predicativos no tienen atributo)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando significa &quot;dar la impresión de algo&quot; es una forma no pronominal, vale decir, no va con pronombre átono. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;ella parece mirarme&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pareces emocionado&lt;/em&gt;. Este verbo es &lt;strong&gt;copulativo&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, &lt;em&gt;no es el verbo el que predica&lt;/em&gt;, sino que una estructura llamada &lt;em&gt;atributo&lt;/em&gt; es la que indica la acción o el estado del sujeto. (En este caso, &quot;mirarme&quot; y &quot;emocionado&quot; son atributos).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si quieres usar el verbo &quot;parecer&quot; para indicar que alguien guarda semejanza contigo mismo, debes decir &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se parece a mí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con pronombre &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;. Y en este caso no puedes usar &quot;yo&quot; como complemento directo, porque, como cito arriba, los pronombres tónicos no sirven para eso, sólo funcionan como sujeto, atributo o término de preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda entonces preguntarse si al decir &quot;parece yo&quot; estás realmente tratando de decir alguna otra cosa distinta a &quot;él tiene parecido conmigo&quot;. Porque, ya dijimos, si estás diciendo eso entonces la forma correcta es &quot;se parece a mí&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para considerar &quot;parecer&quot; como verbo copulativo tendríamos que observar que &lt;em&gt;solo aporta al predicado el modo y el tiempo&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que el grueso del significado está en el atributo. Pero en este caso el predicado está claramente en el verbo (el &quot;mostrar semejanza&quot;), mientras que el &quot;yo&quot; indica aquello a lo cual el sujeto se asemeja, algo mucho más cercano a un complemento directo que a un atributo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces creo que &quot;parece yo&quot; sirve como chiste. Se enuncia una construcción sintáctica correcta pero que no tiene correlación con aquello que se está queriendo dar a entender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T17:27:13.247" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T17:27:13.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19936" CreationDate="2017-03-02T13:27:50.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntada a la RAE en Twitter, su respuesta ha sido &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/837289882997370880&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una construcción admisible en la lengua oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que en la lengua escrita se prefieren variaciones como &lt;em&gt;se parece a mí&lt;/em&gt; o similares. Sin embargo, en contextos informales decir &quot;parece yo&quot; no es incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como la respuesta de la RAE pareció un poco laxa, DGaleano probó a insistir preguntando si incluso en la lengua oral es correcto además de admisible. &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/837582800333258752&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se puede considerar correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T16:44:24.153" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:44:24.153" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19934" CreationDate="2017-03-02T14:48:03.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.genealogiahispana.com/apellidos/cuando-usar-y-entre-los-apellidos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una página sobre genealogía&lt;/a&gt; que lo explica muy bien. Copiaré aquí las partes más importantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de esta duda se debe a lo que disponía el Registro Civil al determinar que en todas las inscripciones los apellidos &lt;em&gt;se expresarán intercalando la copulativa “Y”&lt;/em&gt;. Pero el motivo de esta disposición se debió, en realidad, a una cuestión práctica ya que desde 1861 se había legislado por la Administración española que en los instrumentos públicos los individuos debían figurar con sus apellidos paterno y materno y, como señala un manual legislativo de ese mismo año, *no debe omitirse nunca la consonante “y” entre el apellido paterno y materno, porque en España son muy frecuentes los apellidos dobles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante la pregunta de por qué hay personas que a día de hoy siguen usando la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; entre los apellidos, comenta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La partícula es usada de forma personal, que no oficial, por dos motivos. Por una parte, se utiliza en las personas cuyo primer apellido puede ser también un nombre de pila, para evitar confusiones. Entre los casos más conocidos podemos citar a Santiago Ramón y Cajal, José María Gabriel y Galán o Francisco Tomás y Valiente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También es útil, como en tiempos pasados, para que no se produzca la reiteración de la partícula “de” cuando ésta precede a los dos apellidos, por ejemplo, Don Felipe de Borbón y Grecia o José María de Oriol y Urquijo. Teniendo en cuenta que actualmente muy pocos apellidos españoles empiezan por “de”, la coincidencia de ambos muy rara vez se produce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salvo estos dos supuestos, el uso de la partícula “Y” que hacen algunas personas al indicar sus apellidos es algo meramente estético, sin ningún otro fundamento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso, dado que es mi caso precisamente el de tener un primer apellido que coincide con un nombre, yo podría decir que soy &lt;em&gt;Carlos Alejo y Ramírez&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T14:48:03.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T15:28:46.217" Score="2" ViewCount="807" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Déjame Que Te Cuente&lt;/em&gt; by Jorge Bucay, why would the subjunctive be used when he says &amp;quot;haya tardado&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Sí, claro. ¿Qué te ha pasado? ¿Por qué has tardado tanto? ¿Te has perdido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-No, no es que haya tardado. No he querido llamar al timbre para no molestar, por si estaba atendiendo a alguien...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any event that didn't happen use subjunctive and would the meaning be identical if the indicative was used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found another example where an event that didn't happen uses the subjunctive (from Historia de un Gaviota by Luis Sepúlveda):&#xA;&amp;quot;En ninguna parte está escrito que los gatos entren gratis.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T04:15:19.643" Title="Why is subjunctive used in: &quot;no es que haya tardado&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19944" CreationDate="2017-03-02T15:53:03.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say &lt;em&gt;es que…&lt;/em&gt;, you are stating a reality: the action &lt;em&gt;he tardado&lt;/em&gt; actually happened.  On the other hand, when you say &lt;em&gt;no es que…&lt;/em&gt;, you are now stating something to not be the case, and the action &lt;em&gt;haya tardado&lt;/em&gt; is not a true statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use indicative by simply moving the negative to the subordinate clause: &lt;em&gt;es que no he tardado&lt;/em&gt; (now we state the reality that we were &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; late), but obviously that doesn't quite work in the context of the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T15:53:03.883" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19944" CreationDate="2017-03-02T16:06:51.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In subordinate sentences with main sentence being impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the &lt;em&gt;main sentence is affirmative&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;strong&gt;subordinate&lt;/strong&gt; sentence must be &lt;strong&gt;indicative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the &lt;em&gt;main sentence is negative&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;interrogative&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;strong&gt;subordinate&lt;/strong&gt; sentence must be &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es cierto que tengo un buen trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es cierto que tenga un buen trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastEditorUserId="8422" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T17:07:01.143" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T17:07:01.143" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19938" CreationDate="2017-03-02T16:18:18.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-olo, -ola&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sufijo de origen unas veces culto, otras catalán o gallego. Forma sustantivos generalmente de significación diminutiva, por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;arteriola&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;banderola&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los masculinos se apocopan casi todos en -ol (por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;farol&lt;/em&gt;), pero no siempre (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;bronquiolo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T16:18:18.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19949" CreationDate="2017-03-02T17:36:14.520" Score="2" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finally, I believe that the negative effects of globalization would be&#xA;  able to be stopped if the politicians worked to reverse the effects&#xA;  now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I came up with the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finalmente, creo que los efectos negativos de globalización podrían&#xA;  ser evitado si los políticos trabajaron para invertir los efectos&#xA;  ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;em&gt;invertir&lt;/em&gt; also means &quot;to invest&quot;. Is it correct to use it as &quot;revert&quot; in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15108" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T07:46:13.810" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T07:46:13.810" Title="Would this way be the correct way to say 'reversed'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19948" CreationDate="2017-03-02T17:37:35.367" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, the right word would be &quot;revertir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that &quot;invertir&quot; may mean &quot;invest&quot;, but it can also mean &quot;invert&quot; (not &quot;reverse&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that your translation contains a few mistakes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finalmente, creo que los efectos negativos de LA globalización podrían ser evitadoS si los políticos trabajarAn para REvertir los efectos ahora. &lt;sub&gt;(I don't like this &quot;ahora&quot;, and would feel more inclined to use &quot;ahora mismo&quot;, &quot;ya mismo&quot;, &quot;de inmediato&quot;.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T07:45:38.467" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T07:45:38.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19938" CreationDate="2017-03-02T21:22:09.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las fuentes que pude consultar sugieren que proviene del aragonés: por ejemplo, el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/01/12/4salvador.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Aragonesismos en el andaluz oriental&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, de Gregorio Salvador (1953) indica  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;merendola, 'merendona' (Borao). El DRAE la da como de Aragón y Murcia&#xA;  y para esta región la documenta G. Soriano § 65₂. También en Álava&#xA;  (Baráibar) y en Maragatería y Astorga (Garrote). En Cúllar es la forma&#xA;  usual, pero más al Sur parece que predomina &lt;em&gt;merendona&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En efecto, &quot;merendola&quot; figura en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/diccionariodevoc00borauoft#page/266/mode/2up/search/merendola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de voces aragonesas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Gerónimo Borao allí citado y, también, la edición 1947 del DRAE, consultada en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo Tesoro Lexicográfico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, señala que la expresión es de uso en Aragón y Murcia.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la diferenciación de sonidos, otro artículo, &quot;Caracterización lingüística del habla de Villena (Alicante)&quot;, de José Fernando Domene Verdú (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/30/65/_ebook.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Archivo de filología aragonesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 2010) menciona:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La disimilación se manifiesta en la pérdida de la consonante líquida&#xA;  de la sílaba inicial, igual que en otros dialectos (&lt;em&gt;pograma &amp;lt;&#xA;  programa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;poblema &amp;lt; problema&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pogreso &amp;lt; progreso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;poclama &amp;lt;&#xA;  proclama&lt;/em&gt;) y en el cambio fonético &lt;em&gt;n &gt; l&lt;/em&gt; en la palabra &lt;em&gt;merendola &amp;lt;&#xA;  merendona&lt;/em&gt;, común también al catalán, aragonés y murciano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T21:22:09.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19902" CreationDate="2017-03-02T22:06:24.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &quot;I think...&quot; you must always say &quot;que&quot;. When you use &quot;pienso&quot; + (infinitive) you talk about something you want to do. It's used in two cases: when you're talking rudely, for example, if you are threatening your interlocutor; and when you promise something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15110" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T22:06:24.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2017-03-03T00:22:11.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico it's not uncommon for people to use &quot;mami&quot; and &quot;papi&quot; into adulthood when speaking to someone who is friends or related to them as well. In public we would just use &quot;mamá&quot; or &quot;papá&quot; and &quot;madre&quot; and &quot;padre&quot; are more formal for us, like how &quot;father&quot; and &quot;mother&quot; are in English. We also use &quot;ma/mai&quot; and &quot;pa/pai&quot;, which is usually used between young people from tweens to young adults in their 20s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sort of a sidebar here, I noticed that amongst relatives Mexicans will say &quot;mi mamá/amá&quot; &quot;mi papá/apá&quot; to thir brothers/sisters which I find a little odd. Does anyone know why that is? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15111" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T00:22:11.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19953" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-03T02:57:30.150" Score="4" ViewCount="4425" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_spot_(sports)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sweet spot&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; es un término del ámbito del deporte que viene a ser el punto donde debes golpear o ejercer mayor esfuerzo para conseguir mejores resultados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sweet spot is &lt;strong&gt;a place&lt;/strong&gt; where a combination of factors results in a maximum response for a given amount of effort. In tennis, squash, [..] a given swing will result in a more powerful hit if the ball strikes the racket, bat or club on the latter's &lt;strong&gt;sweet spot&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_spot_(sports)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &amp;quot;sweet spot&amp;quot; no es solo un punto físico donde ejercer mayor fuerza. A veces se usa en sentido abstracto. Si seguimos en el ámbito del deporte, pero hablamos de entrenamiento, el &lt;em&gt;sweet spot&lt;/em&gt; sería por ejemplo el número de horas que puedes entrenar para que el ejercicio te rinda sin estresar a tu cuerpo. El &lt;em&gt;sweet spot&lt;/em&gt; podría ser también el número de horas que puedes estudiar al día, o el número de minutos que puede durar una sesión de estudio antes de que tu cerebro diga &amp;quot;no puedo más&amp;quot; y el resto de horas sean simplemente tiempo perdido enfrente del libro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo, en su libro &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://janielyoung.com/2013/03/20/happiest-toddler-on-the-block-what-works-and-what-doesnt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Happiest Toddler in the Block&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; el Dr. Karp dice que, por ejemplo, cuando tu niño llora debes demostrar que entiendes sus sentimientos, básicamente repitiendo lo que dice y en una intensidad parecida, para alcanzar su &lt;em&gt;sweet spot&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you mirror their feelings in short, repetitive phrasing. Like if T was crying to be picked up, instead of saying “mommy can’t pick you up because her hands are covered in turtle slime and I don’t want you to get salmonella and die,” I would say: “Tenny sad! Tenny wants up now now now!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] You supposed to hit the &lt;strong&gt;“sweet spot”&lt;/strong&gt; of emotional intensity with your words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera sólo un punto físico, estaría tentado de proponer traducirlo como &amp;quot;punto de apoyo&amp;quot;, pero esto no vale en todos los casos (por ejemplo, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;el punto de apoyo&lt;/em&gt; donde debes golpear la bola de golf con el palo&amp;quot; queda un poco raro). Podría decir &amp;quot;el punto justo&amp;quot;, que tiene un poco más las connotaciones de &amp;quot;haber acertado en la diana&amp;quot;, pero aunque esto pueda ser válido para algunos de los ejemplos donde debes saber &amp;quot;dónde golpear&amp;quot; no sería tan valido para otros, como en los ejemplos de entrenamiento o estudio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se puede traducir &amp;quot;sweet spot&amp;quot; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T01:29:02.393" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;sweet spot&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19337" CreationDate="2017-03-03T03:27:46.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo habría dicho que las columnas se asemejan más al gesto de &quot;los cuernos&quot; (índice y meñique) que al del &quot;dedo medio extendido&quot; (solo sea porque hay &lt;strong&gt;dos&lt;/strong&gt; columnas...). Sin embargo, parece que el gesto con el dedo medio sí fue bautizado a raíz de la moneda columnaria. Parece estar investigado y documentado por José María Iribarren, en su libro ‘El porqué de los dichos’. Lo que sigue es lo que he podido aprender leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariosur.es/sociedad/201506/19/peseta-cuernos-gestos-historia-20150619202219.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La extensión del dedo corazón de la mano con el puño cerrado se bautizó como 'peseta' por el reverso de una moneda, aunque también se le conoce como 'peineta'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gesto ya se usaba en la antigua Grecia. El primer registro de este gesto aparece en la comedia 'Las nubes', escrita por Aristófanes en el año 423 a. c. Más tarde, los romanos lo bautizaron como el 'dígitus impudicos' (dedo impúdico), utilizándolo también como gesto de mofa o insulto. Básicamente el dedo extendido representa el pene y el resto de dedos cerrados los testículos, y el gesto califica como sodomita pasivo a aquel a quien se dirige (así que la peineta es una &quot;versión muda&quot; del &quot;vete a tomar por el c...&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Roma clásica también se hacían los cuernos (extender, horizontal o verticalmente, los dedos índice y meñique manteniendo doblados los demás dedos) , pero no tenía el significado de burla que posee en la actualidad, sino uno mágico de &quot;alejar el mal de ojo&quot;. Es parecido al gesto de &quot;tocar madera&quot;, tocando un mueble o la cabeza, para &quot;descargar&quot; el mal &lt;em&gt;yuyu&lt;/em&gt; como si los cuernos fueran una &quot;toma de tierra mágica&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero para ir al grano, José María Iribarren, en su libro ‘El porqué de los dichos’, explica que el término &quot;hacer la peseta&quot; proviene del reverso de peseta columnaria, equivalente a cinco reales, donde aparece la columna de Gades.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según su análisis, de la semejanza entre esta figura y el dedo en posición vertical nació la expresión que ha llegado hasta nuestros días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia de la Lengua recoge &quot;peineta&quot; con este significado, mientras que sí se refiere a ‘hacer la peseta’ como “dar un corte de mangas”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece ser que aunque la moneda tenga dos columnas y &quot;la peineta&quot; sea un gesto de un dedo (mientras que los cuernos son dos dedos), entre unas cosas y otras la asociación se hizo de la imagen de la moneda al &quot;dígitus impúdicos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T03:27:46.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19962" CreationDate="2017-03-03T05:11:52.430" Score="4" ViewCount="678" Body="&lt;p&gt;On Lang-8, I posted an entry using the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;em&gt;éramos&lt;/em&gt; lo que se puede llamar amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone corrected it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;em&gt;fuimos&lt;/em&gt; lo que se puede llamar amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They said that &quot;éramos&quot; implies that I was once friends with this person, but no longer am. They said that if I were trying to say that I have never been friends with this person (which is what I am trying to say), &quot;fuimos&quot; would be more accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand this at all. It seems logical to me that &quot;éramos&quot; would imply that at no point have we ever been friends, and that &quot;fuimos&quot; would sound weird because it seems to refer to a specific point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this not the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15018" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T02:58:36.597" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T01:24:32.467" Title="How does &quot;nunca éramos amigos&quot; imply that we used to be friends, but no longer are?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T06:17:05.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my personal understanding, the difference between the word choices is very subtle and is not literal but depends more on the connotaion of the words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either case, &quot;Fuimos&quot; and &quot;Éramos&quot; translate to &quot;were&quot; directly as &quot;Never were we what can be called friends&quot;.&#xA;However despite having the same literal meaning, how the sentence is read adds more depth to the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the sentence is read &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca éramos&lt;/strong&gt; lo que se puede llamar amigos.&quot;, it would be understood that you may have been friends, but were never truly friends.&#xA;If the sentence is read &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca fuimos&lt;/strong&gt; lo que se puede llamar amigos.&quot;, it would be understood that at no point in the past have you ever been friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe this falls under a very gray area of Spanish and usually will be understood the exact same way by both spanish-learners and native speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest way I could try translating the concept is: &#xA;éramos- relationship never existed&#xA;fuimos- The relationship has never existed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(P.S.: I apologize for the unclarity or any grammatical errors in my response. This is my first time contributing to the Stack Exchange community. Please feel free to follow up with any additional questions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15114" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T06:17:05.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T07:39:15.030" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19875/12637&quot;&gt;Ambiguity with respect to &amp;quot;tuvo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;ten&amp;#237;a&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; may shed some light. It is true that the differences between &lt;em&gt;éramos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;fuimos&lt;/em&gt; are subtle, but they are the same as in those answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you say &lt;em&gt;éramos&lt;/em&gt; you are referring to an unspecific moment in time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you say &lt;em&gt;fuimos&lt;/em&gt; you are referring to a given moment in time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe a different example can help you see it better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;em&gt;éramos&lt;/em&gt; los primeros en llegar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nunca &lt;em&gt;fuimos&lt;/em&gt; los primeros en llegar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence refers to a unspecific moment. There was a time in which you had the chance to be the first arriving, but in all that time you never arrived first. The second one refers to a given moment in time that did not take place: there were no given, specific moments in time in which you arrived first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are saying the same with both sentences, but the first one refers to the whole time and the second to given moments during it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, there is a subtle difference: the first case may leave an open door to the opposite. You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca éramos los primeros en llegar, salvo cuando los más puntuales se retrasaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why &quot;éramos&quot; is usually translated as &quot;we used to be&quot;. If you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca fuimos los primeros en llegar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Period. That's all, you never were the first. That may be the case with your sentence, if you say &quot;nunca éramos los mejores amigos&quot; it sounds as it the sentence is going to be followed by &quot;salvo cuando...&quot; or something similar. If you really never got to be best friends, you must use &quot;fuimos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T07:39:15.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19953" CreationDate="2017-03-03T07:57:43.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece ser que el término traducido literal, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;punto dulce&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, es usado en una variedad de sentidos. Incluso tenemos un caso en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;EL REAL MADRID, QUE PARECE haber perdido el punto dulce de juego de anteriores jornadas, conoció el contrasentido de fortalecer sus aspiraciones al título en un partido en el que mostró su peor cara.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030317%5C008%5CC000O03032017084255536.1220.1216&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20punto%20dulce%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCREA%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Albert Turro, &quot;La Vanguardia&quot;, 03/04/1995&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También en webs específicas sobre béisbol y tenis se usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tenniswarehouse-europe.com/lc/RacquetStringTerms.html?lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Punto Dulce (sweetspot)&lt;/a&gt;: Área de una raqueta encordada que proporciona el mayor y mejor retorno de energía (potencia) y la mejor precisión con el menor impacto o vibración posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fismec.com/lectura_dulce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El punto dulce&lt;/a&gt; de una raqueta de tenis o de un bate de beisbol es el lugar donde el impacto de la pelota produce el mínimo de vibraciones en la raqueta o el bate. Si golpeas una pelota con el punto dulce saldrá despedida con más rapidez y llegara más lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Envolver cinta alrededor del &lt;a href=&quot;http://muyfitness.com/efectos-cinta-bates-info_30347/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;punto dulce&lt;/a&gt; de un bate de béisbol de madera puede aumentar la vida útil [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso referido a las emociones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los hallazgos de Lo sugieren que existe un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.insider.pro/investment/2016-09-06/los-cientificos-han-decidido-controlar-las-emociones-de-los-operadores/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;punto dulce&lt;/a&gt; para el compromiso emocional: si es demasiado grande, la persona se vuelve demasiado agresiva o temerosa; si es demasiado pequeño, la persona no se involucra lo suficiente como para hacer las cosas bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T07:57:43.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T09:36:35.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nunca éramos&lt;/code&gt; sounds very weird in Spanish, I'd say that it is not correct (I don't know the exact rule in this case), you could say, however, with a similar meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No éramos lo que se puede llamar amigos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you mean that you are not friends (but you could or could not have been friends in the past. You could join both forms in a sentence like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fuimos amigos, pero ya no lo éramos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that you were friends in the past, but not anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T09:36:35.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19961" CreationDate="2017-03-03T11:31:07.673" Score="3" ViewCount="1755" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, el imperativo de &lt;code&gt;salir&lt;/code&gt; en segunda persona de singular (sin forma pronominal) es &lt;code&gt;sal&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, a los verbos pueden añadir el sufijo &lt;code&gt;-le&lt;/code&gt; que funciona como pronombre personal (significando &lt;code&gt;a él&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;a ella&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;a ello&lt;/code&gt;), por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;cómprale&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;escríbele&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;regálale&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando queremos usar la tercera persona de singular de imperativo de salir, con pronombre, sería &lt;code&gt;sálgale&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿pero qué pasaría con la segunda persona del singular?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lenguaje hablado sería algo así como &lt;code&gt;sal·le&lt;/code&gt;, haciendo una pausa entre las dos &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt;, pero no se puede escribir en español, ya que al haber dos &lt;code&gt;l&lt;/code&gt; se pronunciaría con otro sonido (&lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T15:40:18.303" Title="Segunda persona de singular de imperativo de 'salir', en forma pronominal" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19960" CreationDate="2017-03-03T12:07:03.273" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1950/1674&quot;&gt;Are there other words in Spanish that can't be written? (like sal-le)&lt;/a&gt; contiene a su vez &lt;a href=&quot;http://unaracnidounacamiseta.com/2011/02/10/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un enlace&lt;/a&gt; en el que comentan que la RAE ya reconoció que &lt;em&gt;sal·le&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra del español que se puede pronunciar (haciendo una pausa entre las dos &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;) pero que no se puede escribir, porque al escribirla cambia su pronunciación. Y el español no tiene en su ortografía contemplado el signo · como sí lo tiene el catalán, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo finaliza diciendo que posiblemente este sea el único &lt;em&gt;bug&lt;/em&gt; conocido del idioma español. Dado que suele ser una pregunta recurrente, la propia RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/739770002929266688&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ha explicado&lt;/a&gt; que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son incorrectas *«salle» y *«sal.le» para escribir el imperativo «sal» + clítico «le».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y ha liberado &lt;a href=&quot;http://static.ow.ly/docs/imperativo%20de%20salir%20con%20cl%C3%ADtico_4REK.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un documento&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] este sería el único caso en el que aparecerían dentro de una palabra española dos eles contiguas, cada una de ellas perteneciente a una sílaba diferente, secuencia fónica cuya representación se halla bloqueada en nuestro sistema gráfico, puesto que concurriría con el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; [...]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y concluye:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] lo natural es que, en su lugar, se generen expresiones en las que el pronombre de dativo se sustituye por el sintagma correspondiente (o, incluso, por un posesivo: &lt;em&gt;sal a su encuentro&lt;/em&gt;) o en las que el verbo &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt; aparece en infinitivo como núcleo de una perífrasis modal de obligación (&lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo; &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo; &lt;em&gt;haber de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo; la impersonal &lt;em&gt;haber que&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo) [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Mas tú, guardando el sin igual decoro que guardas en empresas exquisitas, &lt;strong&gt;sal al encuentro&lt;/strong&gt; luego &lt;strong&gt;a esta canalla&lt;/strong&gt;, puesto que perderás en la batalla»&lt;/em&gt; (Cervantes &lt;em&gt;Comedia famosa de la casa de los celos y selvas de Ardenia&lt;/em&gt; [España 1615]);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Mira, aquella es la Sunamitis. &lt;strong&gt;Sal a su encuentro&lt;/strong&gt;, y dile: ¿Te va bien a ti y a tu marido y a tu hijo?»&lt;/em&gt; (Molina &lt;em&gt;Misal completo&lt;/em&gt; [España 1943]);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;Hay que salir al encuentro&lt;/strong&gt; de los chismes, dijo la maestra»&lt;/em&gt; (Allende &lt;em&gt;Eva Luna&lt;/em&gt; [Chile 1987]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, este &lt;em&gt;bug&lt;/em&gt; no se da en los países con voseo, en los que el imperativo de segunda persona de singular de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X42OtRP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;salí (vos)&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que en dichos países el imperativo más el clítico sería &lt;em&gt;salile&lt;/em&gt;, perfectamente válido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T15:40:18.303" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T15:16:19.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Note: On the basis of a comment I made on greuze's post, I've decided to expand it into a real answer which I hope may help to further clarify the question.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why &quot;Nunca éramos amigos&quot; does not sound right is that &quot;nunca&quot; is semantically incompatible with &quot;éramos amigos.&quot; &quot;Nunca&quot; refers to a finished period of time, while &quot;ser amigos&quot; refers to a condition which was or was not true during that period. The durative nature of &quot;éramos&quot; is incompatible with a condition expressed by a noun that is not merely descriptive but defining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice we can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;strong&gt;éramos felices&lt;/strong&gt; en esa época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we cannot say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Nunca &lt;strong&gt;éramos amigos&lt;/strong&gt; en esa época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just as we cannot say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Nunca &lt;strong&gt;éramos novios / estudiantes / empleados / compañeros&lt;/strong&gt; en esa época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combined with &quot;nunca&quot;, the noun/adjective &quot;amigos&quot; acquires a more defining, less descriptive, sense, and that requires the &lt;strong&gt;perfect past&lt;/strong&gt; to indicate that the people involved did not show that condition &lt;strong&gt;throughout that period&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combined with &quot;nunca&quot;, the &lt;strong&gt;imperfect past&lt;/strong&gt; can then be used only with more descriptive adjectives that allow for the possibility of having and not having shown a certain quality during that period in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;strong&gt;éramos totalmente felices&lt;/strong&gt; entonces (a veces sentíamos tristeza, otras alegría).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we CANNOT say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Nunca &lt;strong&gt;éramos totalmente amigos&lt;/strong&gt; entonces (a veces éramos más amigos, otras no tanto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, we have to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca &lt;strong&gt;fuimos totalmente amigos / fuimos verdaderos amigos&lt;/strong&gt; entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like greuze made a good point about the inconsistency of &quot;nunca&quot; with &quot;éramos amigos&quot; (which inspired me to write this answer), so did Carlos Alejo when he mentioned that, combined with another time reference that restricts the continuing nature of &quot;nunca&quot;, &quot;nunca&quot; can work with &quot;éramos amigos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca éramos amigos salvo cuando estábamos&lt;/strong&gt; en apuros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This means we only &quot;acted&quot; as friends when we were in trouble.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we refer to actually being friends (the defining condition I mentioned above), then the perfect past will be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca fuimos amigos salvo cuando estuvimos&lt;/strong&gt; en apuros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My acknowledgement to greuze and Carlos Alejo for their clever contributions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T17:02:07.573" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T17:02:07.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T15:49:45.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, both are correct, but &quot;fuimos&quot; is normally used in that phrase. Even so, using &quot;éramos&quot; does not mean in any case &quot;that we used to be friends, but no longer are&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15115" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T15:49:45.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19879" CreationDate="2017-03-03T16:13:16.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two kinds of adjectives: &quot;explicativos&quot; (explanatory) and &quot;especificativos&quot; (restrictive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;explanatory&lt;/em&gt; adjectives tell you the quality of the sustantive. They appear before the sustantive or between commas.&#xA;The &lt;em&gt;restrictive&lt;/em&gt; adjectives refer to a part of the sustantive. They appear after the sustantive without commas.&#xA;This sounds a little bit difficult, so let see some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los trabajadores agotados se fueron a casa. - The workers who were tired went home (but not all of them were tired).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los agotados trabajadores se fueron a casa. / Los trabajadores, agotados, se fueron a casa. - The workers, all of them tired, (all of them) went home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;buenos padres&quot; and &quot;padres buenos&quot; are the same without context, but if you put them in a phrase...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los padres buenos llevaron a sus hijos al colegio. - The parents who were good took their children to school (but not all of them were good).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los buenos padres llevaron a sus hijos al colegio. / Los padres, buenos, llevaron a sus hijos al colegio. - The parents, all of them good, took their children to school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15110" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T16:48:45.793" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:48:45.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19955" CreationDate="2017-03-03T19:55:28.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a concise supplement to other answer that might help conceptually:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying that there was &lt;em&gt;never a specific time&lt;/em&gt; negates the past by covering every specific moment, more thoroughly than  negating a vague, unspecified period. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9643" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T19:55:28.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13326" CreationDate="2017-03-03T20:20:45.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dawn&quot; should be translated as &quot;amanecer&quot; or &quot;alba&quot; (less used), but not as &quot;mediodía&quot;. It may refer to different hours depending of the country. The literal meaning is &quot;half a day&quot; or &quot;the middle of a day&quot; (12 a.m.) but in many countries we use it to talk about the hour when we have lunch (in Spain 2 or 3 p.m.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15110" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T20:20:45.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T00:59:18.920" Score="8" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I translate this sentence? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En mi vida le he visto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence has the same meaning as &lt;code&gt;No le he visto en mi vida&lt;/code&gt;, which means I haven't seen him in my life. But there is not a negative 'no' in the sentence &lt;code&gt;En mi vida le he visto&lt;/code&gt;.  Why the sentence express the negative meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15118" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T08:38:47.340" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T15:43:41.517" Title="How can this sentence have a negative meaning without a &quot;no&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19967" CreationDate="2017-03-04T02:36:46.650" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may find this answer interesting: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18442/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cuándo adquirió la locución adverbial “en la vida” un sentido negativo?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, &quot;En mi vida&quot; or &quot;en la vida&quot; is a locution or expression that means &quot;never&quot; or &quot;never in my life&quot;. Thus &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En mi vida&lt;/strong&gt; le he visto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca&lt;/strong&gt; le he visto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of course has the meaning of &quot;No le he visto en mi vida / I haven't seen him in my life&quot;. It is basically &quot;I have never seen him in my life&quot;, so you don't need a explicit &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;nunca&lt;/code&gt; (understood from &quot;En la vida&quot;) carries that meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-09-12T15:43:41.517" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T15:43:41.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19970" CreationDate="2017-03-04T13:32:24.147" Score="4" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to translate &quot;engage&quot; as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Engaging in a dialogue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hesitate to use &quot;acoplando&quot; since I think this has a sexual connotation.  I propose &quot;engranando.&quot;  Do you like this?  Do you have a better suggestion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is a scholarly article in the social sciences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T07:21:08.470" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T08:14:56.627" Title="&quot;Engage&quot;: ¿Acoplar o engranar?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19969" CreationDate="2017-03-04T13:46:51.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Stupid me.  It should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entablando un diálogo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As offered in a comment, it could also be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;entrar en un diálogo OR iniciar un diálogo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T18:52:54.450" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T18:52:54.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T14:46:08.763" Score="1" ViewCount="297" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://m.directoalpaladar.com/directo-al-paladar/cinco-caldos-para-entonar-el-picoteo-del-finde-que-presenta-gelido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; de un blog lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cinco caldos para entonar el picoteo del finde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título del artículo me ha dejado un poco extrañado. ¿Qué quiere decir &quot;entonar el picoteo&quot;? Según las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Finzl4f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, puede ser (resumiendo un poco):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cantar ajustándose al tono.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fortalecer o vigorizar el organismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Armonizar colores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beber alcohol de forma moderada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Envanecerse, engreírse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De estos significados los que más me cuadran son el segundo y el tercero. Pero el segundo se usa como pronominal, para fortalecerse uno (la definición habla del organismo y no de otra cosa). Y el tercero se usa en pintura, aunque entiendo que podría referirse a darle más color al picoteo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no me queda demasiado claro. En el artículo no lo aclaran, simplemente repiten esta expresión varias veces. ¿Cómo se entiende por tanto este titular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T16:33:28.183" Title="Significado de &quot;entonar&quot; en un contexto culinario" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19972" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T16:15:38.477" Score="2" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;If A and I function as &quot;signifiers&quot; of a certain abstract concept, how shall I translate &quot;signifier&quot;?  I was thinking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A y yo damos significado a tal concepto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more specific translation used in the social sciences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it maybe a little clearer with &quot;simbólico&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A y yo damos significado simbólico a tal concepto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Signifier&lt;/em&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a symbol, sound, or image (as a word) that represents an underlying concept or meaning (Merriam Webster)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T01:26:11.463" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T01:26:11.463" Title="How to translate &quot;signifier&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19972" CreationDate="2017-03-04T16:45:29.087" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally in terms of a noun, you'd be looking at a &lt;strong&gt;significante&lt;/strong&gt; (which often is paired with &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt;, or the &lt;em&gt;signified&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds a bit odd in the structure of the sentence you have, though.  I would rewrite it as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A y B son los &lt;em&gt;significantes&lt;/em&gt; de tal concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to retain the structure (and you're not doing a signifier/signified-type relationship), you could say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A y B &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;significan&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;representan&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tal concepto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A y B &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;simbolizan&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;designan&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tal concepto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A y B &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;encarnan&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;personifican&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tal concepto. &lt;sub&gt;(more commonly when A/B are animate)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A y B &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; un símbolo para tal concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T17:16:51.120" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T17:16:51.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19969" CreationDate="2017-03-04T16:53:22.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Engage&lt;/code&gt; can also mean &quot;&lt;strong&gt;involucrar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. It is what I favor for the translation, just because I'm more used to hearing &quot;Engage your customers&quot; which I believe translates as &quot;Involucra a tus clientes&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can also be used in this context as &lt;code&gt;Engage (somebody) in a conversation&lt;/code&gt; (Involucra a alguien en la conversación / Involucra a alguien en el diálogo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T16:53:22.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T17:36:03.653" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating a scholarly article (A) that includes citations from another scholarly article (B) written by author X.  B has not been published in Spanish.  Shall I put a note in brackets after the first snippet, as follows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;bla bla bla&quot; [tradduciones de las citas de X son mías].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T20:02:00.787" Title="Explanation in brackets that the translations of the quotes are my own" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19976" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19982" CreationDate="2017-03-04T17:45:29.273" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;A dictionary gave me &quot;corriente principal&quot; for &quot;mainstream&quot; as a noun.  But &quot;principal&quot; is not working very well for me as a translation of &quot;mainstream,&quot; when used as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context has to do with performance arts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T18:59:20.077" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T03:17:42.930" Title="&quot;Mainstream&quot; as an adjective?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T18:21:29.810" Score="11" ViewCount="14180" Body="&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo es fácil, tengo que escribir &quot;Velocidad mínima&quot; abreviado, así: &quot;Velocidad mín.&quot;, pero justo después tengo que hacer una enumeración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué versión es correcta y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Velocidad mín.:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Velocidad mín:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13774" LastEditorUserId="13774" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T00:28:02.820" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T17:42:32.643" Title="Si hay que poner una palabra abreviada antes de dos puntos, ¿se debe poner un punto?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19977" CreationDate="2017-03-04T18:43:26.540" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque la RAE tiene varias páginas dedicadas a la las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt;, quizá sea más significativa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/sobre-la-22a-edicion-2001/abreviaturas-y-signos-empleados&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; sobre las abreviaturas usadas en el propio DRAE. En el tercer punto de esta página vemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda abreviatura a la que se posponga una -s pasa a designar el mismo concepto, pero expresado en plural (&lt;strong&gt;p. ej.,&lt;/strong&gt; «exprs.» ‘expresiones’, «locs.» ‘locuciones’, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se abrevia &amp;quot;por ejemplo&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;p. ej.&amp;quot; y después viene una coma. Daría igual que fuese otro signo de puntuación. El punto después de &lt;code&gt;ej&lt;/code&gt; forma parte de la abreviatura, pero no cuenta como un punto y seguido o un punto y aparte, por ejemplo &lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;. Así que puedes usar los dos puntos después del signo, igual que la RAE usa la coma en ese ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;Mira también la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre el uso del punto&lt;/a&gt;, donde se explica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.3. Si el punto de una abreviatura coincide con el punto de cierre del enunciado, solo debe escribirse un punto, nunca dos: &lt;em&gt;A la boda fueron todos sus parientes: tíos, primos, sobrinos, etc. Fueron en total ciento veinte invitados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T17:42:32.643" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T17:42:32.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="19979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19975" CreationDate="2017-03-04T20:02:00.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usual phrase to make clear that the translation is your own is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[La traducción es mía]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer square brackets rather than parentheses because the latter are reserved for the text itself, while the brackets show that what they contain does not belong to the text but has some metalinguistic value or cannot be attributed to the author.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can see how often the phrase suggested is used: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22la+traducci%C3%B3n+es+m%C3%ADa%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Use of the phrase at GB&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T20:02:00.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19971" CreationDate="2017-03-04T23:38:04.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considero que el mejor uso para &quot;entonar&quot; en este contexto es el segundo significado. Quiere decir &quot;fortalecer&quot;, &quot;acentuar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15123" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T01:34:32.377" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T01:34:32.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1357" CreationDate="2017-03-05T02:27:25.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que esta partícula &lt;code&gt;re&lt;/code&gt;  (p.ej., &amp;quot;recontar&amp;quot;) se oye sólo en la Argentina. Hasta ahora no se puede encontrar de dónde lo sacaron los Argentinos. &lt;code&gt;Re&lt;/code&gt; significa &amp;quot;muy&amp;quot; y el también sufijo &amp;quot;-ísimo&amp;quot;, igualmente tiene el significado de &amp;quot;gran&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;grande&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;súper&amp;quot;... En vez de decir : &lt;em&gt;Buenísimo&lt;/em&gt;, decimos : &lt;em&gt;Rebueno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces, si queremos ir más allá de la intensificación, el esquema resultará así: &lt;em&gt;Rebuenísimo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Recontrabuenísimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe notar que &amp;quot;recontra&amp;quot; se usa frente a una palabra que empieza con la consonante R.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se dice &amp;quot;rerápido&amp;quot; pero sí &amp;quot;recontrarápido&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo empleamos con un verbo casi del mismo modo que si fuera un adjetivo o sustantivo, sólo en ese caso él tomará el significado intensificado del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estoy refeliz esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tengo una relija ( un gran Hambre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;este bondi viaja recontra rápido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;esta frutilla, me la recomí anoche. ==== en este caso, significa que : anoche yo me comí la frutilla con muchas ganas, y me la disfruté mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;reviajar = viajar mucho y con muchas ganas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15124" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T03:07:55.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19976" CreationDate="2017-03-05T03:17:42.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mainstream&lt;/code&gt; has the meaning of &amp;quot;widely used or accepted&amp;quot;: the common current thought of the majority or the things that are currently popular. It is the &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;conventional ideas&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish this could be translated as &lt;code&gt;convencional&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa nueva corriente de pensamiento no es nada &lt;em&gt;convencional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las obras de teatro de ese director son siempre muy &lt;em&gt;convencionales&lt;/em&gt;. Yo prefiero otros más transgresores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other possible translations would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;lo normal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;lo establecido&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;la corriente de pensamiento &lt;em&gt;establecida / dominante / mayoritaria / principal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T03:17:42.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-05T12:18:30.910" Score="3" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos preguntas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;strong&gt;quisiera&lt;/strong&gt;, no puedo ayudarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede decir que el verbo “quisiera” expresa el deseo y atenúa el valor concesivo (con sus significados de un obstáculo o un impedimento) en esta frase o me equivoco totalmente? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque me &lt;strong&gt;gustaría&lt;/strong&gt; colaborar, no puedo hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería posible utilizar el condicional simple después de &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T14:24:03.320" Title="Aunque – modo y significado" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19983" CreationDate="2017-03-05T14:24:03.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos frases son correctas, pero expresan matices de significado distintos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si decimos &lt;strong&gt;Aunque quisiera, no puedo ayudarte&lt;/strong&gt;, esto significa &quot;no quiero ayudarte, pero si fuera cierto que quiero ayudarte, de todos modos no podría hacerlo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si decimos &lt;strong&gt;Aunque me gustaría colaborar, no puedo hacerlo&lt;/strong&gt;, estamos expresando &quot;quiero colaborar, pero no puedo hacerlo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14999" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T14:24:03.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19986" CreationDate="2017-03-05T14:24:35.937" Score="2" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La secretaria le traduce la carta al jefe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La secretaria le traduce la carta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 2nd sentence it's impossible to know who she is translating this for right? &#xA;&quot;le&quot; means him\her\its in this case. You can't know it without the last word &quot;al jefe&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my conclusion is: when I use &quot;le&quot; I should state who the action is directed to, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T21:21:41.367" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T21:21:41.367" Title="Who is mentioned here? &quot;Ella le traduce la carta&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19985" CreationDate="2017-03-05T14:38:49.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should state who the action is directed to only if it is necessary for the correct understanding of what you want to say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the same as in English where you could say &amp;quot;She translates the letter for him&amp;quot; and then you don't know who's &amp;quot;him&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example it is clear that she is translating the letter for him/her&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella  traduce la carta = She translates the letter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; traduce la carta = She translates the letter &lt;strong&gt;for him/her&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is not understood from the rest of the context and it is required that the reader/listener understands that you are talking about the boss then you have to say &amp;quot;Ella le traduce la carta &lt;strong&gt;al jefe&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T14:38:49.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24264" CreationDate="2017-03-05T15:53:13.810" Score="4" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de UX (de &lt;em&gt;User eXperience&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;) es habitual hablar de &lt;em&gt;mock-ups&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;wireframes&lt;/em&gt;... términos que se suelen utilizar en inglés, cuando seguramente tengan una buena traducción al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en una exposición que acabo de visitar se traducía &lt;em&gt;mock-up&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;maqueta&quot;. El caso concreto era una prueba de cómo quedaría la portada de la revista &lt;em&gt;LIFE&lt;/em&gt; superponiendo los elementos de portada a una fotografía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué término en español creéis que sería el más apropiado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Es decir, todo lo relacionado con la interactuación entre el usuario y un entorno, dispositivo o aplicación concretos, y la percepción que aquél tiene de éstos. Véase &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiencia_de_usuario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Experiencia de usuario&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T14:03:41.213" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T14:09:19.000" Title="¿Cual sería la mejor traducción para &quot;mock-up&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20008" CreationDate="2017-03-05T16:35:40.630" Score="2" ViewCount="1499" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone once told me they were saying &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/search/guero/es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güero&lt;/a&gt; which sounds very different from what the Mexicans are saying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T19:19:36.400" LastActivityDate="2021-01-19T23:50:27.120" Title="What is the spelling of the word &quot;whih doe&quot; used in Mexico to refer to people from the United States?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3895" CreationDate="2017-03-05T19:00:03.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Carpet = alfombra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am Mexican and grew up in Tijuana. I have been living in USA for about 8 years and found out that a lot of Mexican people use &lt;em&gt;carpeta&lt;/em&gt; to refer to a carpet. But that's wrong....  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carpeta&lt;/em&gt; in Mexico is a binder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15127" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T19:17:54.940" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T19:17:54.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-05T19:02:56.380" Score="4" ViewCount="3100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un amigo me hizo notar el hecho curioso de que la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es usted muy amable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;está formada gramaticalmente como una pregunta, a saber, es análoga a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es usted el señor de la tele?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no pregunta nada. En cambio, se utiliza en el sentido de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted es muy amable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero esta variante suena demasiado directa y hasta algo acusatoria, en un contexto en el que importa ser lo más cordial posible. ¿Qué mecanismo gramatical está en juego aquí? ¿En qué otras ocasiones se usan formas análogas, y por qué se hace el cambio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T19:14:43.553" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T11:18:52.300" Title="¿Por qué &quot;Es usted muy amable&quot; tiene una construcción gramatical de pregunta y tiene distinto sentido de &quot;Usted es muy amable&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19990" CreationDate="2017-03-05T20:06:03.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El orden de palabras en español es mucho más flexible que en, por ejemplo, el inglés. El hecho de que el sujeto vaya después del verbo tiene poco que ver con que sea una oración interrogativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, esa frase y otras similares han lexicalizado ya el orden de palabras y no hay mayor matiz ni nada especial. Son frases tan antiguas y tan usadas que sería casi una cuestión de gramática histórica ver por qué se usa ese orden y no otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el anterior párrafo quiero decir también que ni siquiera creo que proceda hablar de cambios en el orden de palabras &quot;no marcado&quot; para hablar de focalizar, etc. Simplemente esa frase se dice así porque de siempre se ha dicho así y, como digo, habría que hacer una investigación diacrónica para ver por qué, investigación que no creo que merezca la pena ni aun que sea fructífera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T20:06:03.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19990" CreationDate="2017-03-06T00:10:34.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, el único ejemplo de &quot;usted&quot; que presenta el diccionario de la RAE en la primera acepción o primer uso de la palabra muestra un caso de inversión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. pron. person. 3.ª pers. m. y f. Forma que, en nominativo, en vocativo o precedida de preposición, designa a la persona a la que se dirige quien habla o escribe. U. generalmente como tratamiento de cortesía, respeto o distanciamiento. &lt;strong&gt;Son ustedes&lt;/strong&gt; muy amables.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me hace pensar que &quot;usted&quot; es un pronombre particular en cuanto a su uso. A diferencia de otros pronombres que suelen omitirse, &quot;usted&quot; tiene mayor frecuencia de uso. Creo que, contrariamente a otros pronombres cuya omisión es más transparente (y en cuyo caso el sujeto tácito es inconfundible), como &quot;usted&quot; se conjuga en tercera persona su mención puede resultar necesaria para aclarar que la oración se refiere al interlocutor y no a un tercero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincido con E.P. en que la oración sonaría demasiado directa o abrupta con &quot;Usted&quot; al principio, y que la posición de &quot;usted&quot; detrás del verbo suaviza ese efecto, al mismo tiempo que vuelve la oración más elegante, como en el ejemplo del DRAE transcripto al principio. En este punto, creo que la brevedad de &quot;es&quot; (o de &quot;son&quot;) hace que mejore la cadencia con &quot;usted&quot; o &quot;ustedes&quot; pospuestos. Esa posición puede inclusive suavizar comentarios ofensivos como &quot;Es usted bastante ignorante&quot; o críticas como la que hice a quien juzgó mi respuesta con un voto negativo: &quot;Es usted muy arbitrario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe observar que con &quot;tú&quot; no ocurre lo mismo: &quot;Sos muy amable&quot; / &quot;Fuiste muy amable&quot;. Además, mi impresión es que, si bien es presente, el verbo &quot;es&quot; se refiere a actos de amabilidad recientes (y que muchas veces se usa en lugar del pretérito perfecto compuesto para no sonar tan excesivamente formal). Si usáramos el pretérito perfecto compuesto (una forma verbal que comparada con el presente es morfológicamente más extensa que el pronombre), &quot;usted&quot; se podría usar indistintamente antes o después del verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usted ha sido muy amable. (formal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ha sido usted muy amable. (aun más formal que la anterior)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es muy amable&lt;/em&gt; puede ser ambigua en cuanto a quién está dirigida. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted es muy amable&lt;/em&gt; es una simple afirmación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es usted muy amable&lt;/em&gt; es, por su cadencia y elegancia, la forma más clara de dirigir un elogio o agradecimiento a la persona de &quot;usted&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T11:18:52.300" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T11:18:52.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19994" CreationDate="2017-03-06T00:30:51.177" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would I use the subjunctive in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It will affect the economy in a manner that is bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la afectará la economía de una manera que [es/sea] mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15108" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T01:38:40.543" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T01:38:40.543" Title="Would I use the subjunctive in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19993" CreationDate="2017-03-06T01:18:24.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The relative clause should be in the indicative, as it refers to a fact as expressed by the future &quot;afectará&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afectará&lt;/strong&gt; la economía de una manera que &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; mala.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that, in a context of possibility rather than certainty, or with the negative, the subjunctive will be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puede afectar&lt;/strong&gt; la economía de una manera que &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; mala.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No afectará&lt;/strong&gt; la economía de una manera que &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; mala.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 1: As you can see in my sentences above, I have eliminated &quot;la&quot;. Since &quot;la economía&quot; is the direct object, using the pronoun &quot;la&quot; would generate a double direct object, and that is ungrammatical in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 2: The relative clause &quot;de una manera que es/sea mala&quot; is really poor in the language. We would usually do away with the copulative verb and use a phrase like: &quot;de un modo negativo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T01:18:24.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19473" CreationDate="2017-03-06T04:16:18.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas se usan con carácter despectivo hacia una mujer. Sobre si son muy despectivas, bueno, por supuesto tienen distintos grados, pero van desde llamar a la mujer &amp;quot;falsa&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;guarra/libertina&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El propio título de la canción, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Baracunatana.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Baracunatana&lt;/a&gt;,  es un término despectivo, y eso no puede sino establecer el tono para todos los otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dícese de la mujer que es de dudosa procedencia, o que se dedica a la vida fácil, tienes muchos amoríos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías intentar alabar a alguien al decirle que es &amp;quot;abeja&amp;quot; u &amp;quot;hormiguita&amp;quot;, ya que estos insectos son muy laboriosos, aunque en este caso &amp;quot;abeja&amp;quot; parece ser usado de otra manera (quizá como, &amp;quot;ese bicho que no me deja en paz y que no quiero que me pique&amp;quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que al ser coloquialismos, no todos los términos estarán &amp;quot;oficialmente&amp;quot; recogidos en el diccionario. La mejor explicación que yo he encontrado proviene de &lt;a href=&quot;https://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061031082152AAOMHT8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta internauta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy colombiana y te puedo decir que básicamente todos se refieren a la misma cosa, con pequeñas variaciones... una mujer fácil, infiel [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;honestamente no los conozco todos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;abeja es...astuta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bergaja... jodida, complicada, mañosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;guaricha ... algo así como prostituta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;retrechera...creo que es mañosa también....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sea, &lt;strong&gt;en la canción todos son insultos para una mujerzuela&lt;/strong&gt;.....baracunatana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe también destacar (aunque habría que contrastar) la aportación de otro de los usuarios en el mismo hilo, que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Baracunata es una palabra creada por Aterciopelados&lt;/strong&gt;, según un amigo el míos colombiano, y significa algo como &amp;quot;perra&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser cierto, explicaría porqué algunos términos puedan ser imposibles de encontrar en el diccionario. El autor se toma una licencia poética para crearlos (notable la dificultad para encontrar referencias a &lt;em&gt;cucharamí&lt;/em&gt; que no sean dentro de esta canción y esas variaciones finales baracuta -baracunátana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:31:22.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20014" CreationDate="2017-03-06T07:02:12.620" Score="6" ViewCount="625" Body="&lt;p&gt;My &lt;em&gt;prometida&lt;/em&gt; (she's Ecuadorian) has occasionally referred to me as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, but she said that in this context it can convey not only formality / respect, but also affection!  I'm fascinated by this concept, but curious if this is common in other Spanish-speaking regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read that in Colombia, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used nearly always (including towards children and pets), and seeing how Ecuador is a neighboring country, could this be dialectal assimilation of sorts?  (Side question:  Is it still the case in Colombia that the formal &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used predominantly / more so than in other Latin American countries?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T10:37:46.600" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T10:37:46.600" Title="Use of &quot;usted&quot; to convey formality *and* affection? (in Ecuador)" Tags="&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;&lt;ecuador&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2017-03-06T07:03:05.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina it is: &lt;em&gt;No hay por qué&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is sort of diminishing, like: &quot;no, it was nothing&quot; or &quot;you have no reason to thank me, it was nothing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15131" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T14:52:26.147" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T14:52:26.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20000" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-06T07:18:45.490" Score="3" ViewCount="1495" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English we usually call somebody 'Mr...' to show our respect to the person. However, I find that in Spanish the usage is quite different: an &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; is needed before the title &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;em&gt;Mr White&lt;/em&gt;, when translated into Spanish is &lt;em&gt;el señor White&lt;/em&gt; (the Mr. White). Why there is an &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; before the title in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15132" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T03:22:38.983" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T03:22:38.983" Title="Why there is an 'el' before the title in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20000" CreationDate="2017-03-06T08:26:55.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Señor&lt;/em&gt; is a word that has several meanings. The meaning you refer to (the supposed translation of &quot;Mister&quot;, I'll come back to this later) is just the 9th one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcBNzxH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;señor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. U. como término de cortesía con que dirigirse a una persona o mencionarla anteponiéndolo a su apellido, o bien al nombre y apellido precedidos de &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt;, o al cargo que desempeña. &lt;em&gt;Señor González. Señora doña Luisa Pérez. Señora presidenta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated: it is used as a courtesy before someone's surname, o before the whole name preceded by &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt;. And that's the trick: &quot;Mister&quot; is gramatically equivalent to &quot;don&quot;. When using &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; you do not need an article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don Alfonso no vendrá esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's because &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E7fKGDe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;don&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is just a courtesy title. The English gramatical equivalent to &quot;señor&quot; would be &quot;lord&quot;. Note the first and main meaning of &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que gobierna en un ámbito determinado. &lt;em&gt;La señora de la casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated: person who governs in a particular area. You have an example in one of the most famous books: &quot;The Lord of the Rings&quot; is translated into Spanish as &quot;El Señor de los Anillos&quot;. Note the use of the article in both languages. The use of &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; with this meaning kind of &lt;em&gt;collides&lt;/em&gt; with the use as a courtesy title, hence the use of the article is kept when referring to someone using &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; in third person: saying &quot;el señor González&quot; is gramatically the same as saying &quot;el señor de estas tierras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T08:26:55.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16215" CreationDate="2017-03-06T10:52:19.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I´m Mexican and since we use this idiom as an ironic or mocking way  we are calling other person a king or something almighty , because he refuse or dispraises our opinion or our behavior or conduct,  we as a manner of counteracting we say &quot;perdóname la vida&quot; that literally means spare my life  (that one sentenced to death would say meaning please don´t kill me), sometimes is used in a sort of kindly or friendly way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said in the beginning since I'm Spanish speaker I was looking up a translation or a similar to say &quot;perdonar la vida&quot; (to spare the life)  in the case of the fish that begged Bart Simpson not to be killed,  in this case I think the most accurate is &quot;spare my life &quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the case of the phrase we are commenting, this phrase is used as idiom meaning just &quot;spare my life&quot; but if you the English native speaker use the idiom &quot;just please don't kill me&quot; that would be the closest equivalent in order to signify &quot;Pardon me for breathing!&quot;(or living).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have other expression that is &quot;perdóname por vivir&quot; where the literal translation would be &quot;Excuse me for living!&quot;, and believe me, some people don´t distinguish between both expressions and use one instead of another when this second one is used just when someone don´t want your presence or allude you are not welcome e.g.  a couple of spouses about to divorce when he or she arrive back form the work to the house and one find the slacks on the floor and then say don't you know where is the bin for laundry or one say to the other why do you always leave the tooth paste uncapped; the other would say Perdóname por vivir ! this could be used even when you are not divorcing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15134" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T12:57:42.517" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T12:57:42.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2017-03-06T12:33:49.530" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En informática es habitual usar los siguientes términos (al menos en España):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maqueta&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a algo destinado a &lt;em&gt;mostrar el aspecto&lt;/em&gt; que tendría el producto final, aunque no funcione.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prueba de concepto&lt;/strong&gt; para describir algo cuya finalidad es &lt;em&gt;comprobar el funcionamiento&lt;/em&gt; de un programa o sistema, aunque la apariencia no sea la del producto final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este sentido, &lt;em&gt;mock-up&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;maqueta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T12:33:49.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20006" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:34:11.223" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit confused about when to use small or capital letters referring to locations (countries and cities). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él es un estudiante en noruega y vive en Oslo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoy viajo a Rio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vamos a argetina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy de brasil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I've looked at this &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanish.about.com/od/writtenspanish/a/capitalization.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;site&lt;/a&gt; without getting a general answer that applies to the examples above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T13:52:38.957" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T22:59:08.710" Title="Capital or small letters for geographic locations" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20005" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:44:29.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is: the names of countries and cities should be capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the first letter of a sentence should be capitalized (like in &quot;vamos&quot; in your third sentence) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, some of those examples are wrong. See the following corrections in bold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El es un estudiante en &lt;strong&gt;N&lt;/strong&gt;oruega y vive en Oslo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hoy viajo a &lt;strong&gt;Río&lt;/strong&gt;  (í with accent)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;amos a &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;rgentina&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Soy de &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;rasil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following link (it is in Spanish) has all the rules for the use of capital letters and in the section 4.7 you can see that all geographical names should be capitalized.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.7. Los nombres propios geográficos (continentes, países, ciudades, comarcas, mares, ríos, etc.): América, África, Italia, Canadá, Toledo, Lima, las Alpujarras, la Rioja (comarca), la Mancha (comarca), el Adriático, el Mediterráneo, el Orinoco, el Ebro, los Andes, el Himalaya. Como se ve en los ejemplos, determinados nombres propios geográficos van necesariamente acompañados de artículo, como ocurre con las comarcas, los mares, los ríos y las montañas. En otros casos, como ocurre con determinados países, el uso del artículo es opcional: Perú o el Perú (→ el, 5). El artículo, en todos estos casos, debe escribirse con minúscula, porque no forma parte del nombre propio. Pero cuando el nombre oficial de un país, una comunidad autónoma, una provincia o una ciudad lleve incorporado el artículo, este debe escribirse con mayúscula: El Salvador, La Rioja (comunidad autónoma), Castilla-La Mancha (comunidad autónoma), La Pampa, La Habana, Las Palmas. Cuando el artículo forma parte del nombre propio no se realiza en la escritura la amalgama con las preposiciones de o a: Mi padre acaba de regresar de El Cairo (no del Cairo); Este verano iremos a El Salvador (no al Salvador).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T13:49:58.683" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T13:49:58.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2017-03-06T14:58:05.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; puede tener significados buenos y malos, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Qué chimbada eso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Qué feo eso, qué malo.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Qué chimba de partido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Qué bueno fue el partido.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depende del asunto con el que trates la palabra, aunque te recomiendo no usarla, suele ser una expresión muy populista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12626" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T19:57:56.610" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T19:57:56.610" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19988" CreationDate="2017-03-06T18:59:41.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from México and I've never heard the word &lt;em&gt;güido&lt;/em&gt;, at least in central area and the south, maybe in the border is something different. If you are trying to referring a person from the U.S.A. the correct word said in Mexico is &lt;em&gt;gringo&lt;/em&gt;, a very common slang to call someone of this country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, the word &lt;em&gt;güero&lt;/em&gt;, has principally two meanings. The first one, (&lt;em&gt;in a strict mode&lt;/em&gt;) is a term that denotes a blonde person. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://encrypted.google.com/search?q=blonde%20person&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi9hNu8wsLSAhUZS2MKHW3hAVYQ_AUICCgB&amp;amp;biw=1242&amp;amp;bih=580#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=kaley%20cuoco&amp;amp;*&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kaley Cuoco&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;güera&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://encrypted.google.com/search?q=blonde%20person&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi9hNu8wsLSAhUZS2MKHW3hAVYQ_AUICCgB&amp;amp;biw=1242&amp;amp;bih=580#tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=brad%20pitt&amp;amp;*&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brad Pitt&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;güero&lt;/em&gt;. The second meaning is an expression to call anyone, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;What's up man?&lt;/em&gt; is the same to say in Spanish &lt;em&gt;¿Qué pasa güero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that, anyone in Mexico can be &lt;em&gt;güero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;güera&lt;/em&gt;, no matter of the color of their skin, you are just calling someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, there are not even similar, maybe you missunderstood, or hear someone that wasn't Mexican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T18:59:41.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3390" CreationDate="2017-03-06T21:15:03.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No jala&quot; (un aparato o máquina) significa &quot;no funciona&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;jalar&quot; (usado como verbo) se usa por &quot;trabajar&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;jale&quot; (sustantivo) &quot;trabajo&quot; o &quot;negocio&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;jalador&quot; (adjetivo) &quot;que si coopera&quot; &quot;que si participa&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;jaladora&quot; (adjetivo) Suele aplicarse a una mujer que le gusta ir a fiestas o a una mujer que tiene sexo con cualquiera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;jalársela&quot; por &quot;masturbarse&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;no te la jales&quot; por &quot;no exageres&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15142" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T21:28:26.480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T21:28:26.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13575" CreationDate="2017-03-06T21:18:38.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Morro&quot; o &quot;Morra&quot; es &quot;niño&quot; o &quot;joven&quot;, aplíquese a alguien que no ha alcanzado la madurez oficial de 18 años.&#xA;&quot;mamas&quot; de &quot;mamar&quot; es una forma vulgar de referirse a &quot;hacer una felación&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15142" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T21:18:38.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2017-03-06T22:57:01.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la ciudad de México la expresión &amp;quot;¿¡A poco!?&amp;quot; es interjección porque denota sorpresa y, a la vez, es como preguntándose si lo que escuchas es verdadero, cuando no crees lo que otro afirma. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&amp;quot;Desde hoy todos los policías son honrados&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--¿A poco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15142" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T02:23:53.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20000" CreationDate="2017-03-07T00:09:33.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En lo general y amplio del lenguaje:&#xA;No es siempre correcto usar un artículo antes de un nombre, adjetivo o sustantivo. En Chile, por ejemplo, es habitual decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La María está comiendo en la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando lo correcto sería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María está comiendo en la mesa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero pueden haber excepciones informales para el ejemplo que preguntas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decir &quot;El señor White&quot;, hace referencia a hablar de él en tercera persona con un tercero&lt;/strong&gt;. Primero articulo el adjetivo &quot;señor&quot;, para separar el adjetivo de posibles confusiones. &#xA;Por ejemplo, si digo, &quot;señor de la casa&quot;, la frase completa se podría entender como un adjetivo (entiéndase ésto como español culto informal). Pero, si digo &quot;el señor de la casa&quot;, solo se tomaría como adjetivo &quot;señor&quot; y &quot;casa&quot; como sustantivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agregar también que en la tradición latinoamericana informal del español hablado, decir &quot;Señor&quot; en español solo debe ser usado cuando se menciona el apellido del sujeto. Cuando se usa el nombre se debe usar el &quot;Don&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don es una abreviación de &quot;domĭnus&quot; (Latín), perteneciente al español ibérico medieval renacentista. Su traducción al español actual es: propietario o señor. Si bien pueden parecer sinónimos hoy día entre &quot;señor&quot; y &quot;don&quot;, cierto es que no se usan indistintamente, y tienen una aplicación informal muy acotada y conocida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de las mujeres con la palabra &quot;señor&quot;, sirve para identificar estado civil de la mujer. Señorita es usado solo para niñas y mujeres solteras, mientras que, señora, solo para casadas o mujeres de edad mayor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente,para efectos informales y hasta coloquiales, el artículo &quot;el&quot; (nunca confundir con el pronombre personal &quot;él&quot;) ayuda antes de la frase &quot;Señor White&quot; durante la conversación de terceros sobre White sin él presente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T00:09:33.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19998" CreationDate="2017-03-07T03:07:07.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that the use of &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot; to indicate affection is quite frequent in several countries in Latin America. At a footnote on page 8 of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/coloquio_paris/ponencias/pdf/cvc_deniz.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paper&lt;/a&gt;, I have found this statement belonging to an author mentioned in the text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt; Este mismo autor señala cuáles son las situaciones en las que se observa con mayor frecuencia el uso de tú y, asimismo, indica que &lt;strong&gt;la forma usted posee también en algunos países americanos un uso afectivo&lt;/strong&gt;, al que también aluden Alcina y Blecua (Gramática española, Ariel, Barcelona, 1991, 592), &lt;strong&gt;cuando a los interlocutores los unen vínculos estrechos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/coloquio_paris/ponencias/pdf/cvc_deniz.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El uso de las fórmulas de tratamiento en la actualidad: las formas&lt;/em&gt; tú &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; usted &lt;em&gt;en el español de Canarias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Margarita Déniz Hernández&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T14:14:04.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20021" CreationDate="2017-03-07T03:31:27.270" Score="3" ViewCount="1871" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El coraje o la valentía es una virtud humana, que se puede definir como la fuerza de voluntad que puede poseer una persona para llevar adelante una acción a pesar de los impedimentos. El coraje es la habilidad de sobreponerse a dichos impedimentos y perseverar probablemente con la acción que se pretendía realizar. El coraje consiste en enfrentarse a situaciones valiosas e importantes de manera que superes el miedo a fracasar en ellas; también se entiende como la fuerza por hacer algo por alguien o por ti mismo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, ¿cómo se le puede llamar, a la característica humana, que es la fuerza de voluntad que posee una persona para enfrentar los miedos, pero no para hacer frente a situaciones valiosas o importantes (cosas buenas, con connotación positiva) sino para hacer cosas muy malas? Supongamos un asesino que arriesga su vida repetidamente superando miedos, pero en lugar de para hacer algo bueno, para matar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T02:25:49.333" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T02:45:41.750" Title="¿Existe una palabra para describir esta característica humana que es muy similar al coraje en un sentido, pero muy opuesta en otro?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20015" CreationDate="2017-03-07T05:00:10.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre &lt;strong&gt;temeridad&lt;/strong&gt;. Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZPYqCUo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de temerario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nos lleva a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZPYZdVx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;temerario&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Excesivamente imprudente arrostrando peligros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para reforzar, los significados de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3nshKZj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrostrar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer cara, resistir, sin dar muestras de cobardía, a las calamidades o peligros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Sufrir o tolerar a alguien o algo desagradable. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Atreverse, arrojarse a batallar rostro a rostro con el contrario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14830" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T05:00:10.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-07T05:15:32.777" Score="3" ViewCount="1001" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am struggling with polite questions. I am going to meet with a conductor and would like to ask the following question in Spanish: ‘Would you happen to have any scores so that we be able to follow you during the rehearsals?’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have come up with these variants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible que tenga unas partituras para que podamos lo seguir durante los ensayos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podrias darnos unas partituras para que podamos lo seguir durante los ensayos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these valid or considered as non-standard?&#xA;How would you ask the question yourself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15145" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T08:20:08.813" Title="Polite ways of request (asking for something) in Spanish" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20017" CreationDate="2017-03-07T08:20:08.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are good approaches, but they do not sound properly. I think the main error is &quot;lo seguir&quot;, in Spanish it would be &quot;seguirlo&quot;. Note that the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XT8l8aE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;seguir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is also used as an intransitive verb, so &quot;seguirle&quot; is also right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first sentence starts with &quot;es posible que&quot;, which does not sound quite right.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second sentence uses &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we use the courtesy conditional tense for these kind of expressions. So for me your two sentences would be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sería posible disponer de partituras para que podamos seguirle durante los ensayos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podría usted darnos partituras para que podamos seguirle durante los ensayos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I have not got deep into every issue in your sentences. If you need further explanations, please ask new questions, one for each issue you need more detail for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T08:20:08.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20020" CreationDate="2017-03-07T08:23:53.480" Score="4" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;There in software development, we sometimes use a solution, which is to prop the existing code up, not to fix the real cause of the problem. It might be called “dirty hack,” or “makeshift,” or “kludge.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s wry and is usually used in a negative sense, like “I’ll put a kludge here for now, but when we are not in rush, it should be fixed properly.” The code behaves as a human being on their crutches: they walk somehow, but the observers fear they to drop down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: what is the word in Spanish we use to denote “kludge”/“makeshift” in the software code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2945" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T01:02:56.910" Title="How to translate “kludge” into Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20019" CreationDate="2017-03-07T08:46:55.110" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now I cannot think of a specific word for the computer science world. We tend to use generic words for that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8baa46k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapuza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Obra o trabajo, generalmente de mantenimiento, de poca importancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Trabajo hecho mal y sin esmero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second meaning is the one you need: you can say that a quick, poorly written fix in software is a &lt;em&gt;chapuza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word that is spreading lately all along Spain for the same purpose is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, though it is still not accepted by the RAE with that meaning (it has another meaning in Latin America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(More info about &lt;em&gt;ñapa&lt;/em&gt;, in Spanish: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19029/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; significa &amp;quot;&amp;#241;apa&amp;quot; en el titulo de la canci&amp;#243;n &amp;quot;&amp;#241;apa es&amp;quot; de Ska-p?&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T08:37:34.837" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20015" CreationDate="2017-03-07T09:51:37.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es muy difícil clasificar cuándo algo está bien o está mal. Las definiciones del diccionario difícilmente podrán entrar en hacer ese tipo de valoraciones, puesto que el hecho de que alguien mate puede ser malo para ti, pero bueno para otros. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongamos el ejemplo siguiente: una persona se ve forzada a alistarse obligatoriamente en el ejército para defender a su país en una guerra. Le entrenan, le dan un arma y, llegado el momento, se va a combatir al frente. Llega el momento cumbre, tiene al enemigo enfrente, odia matar, odia la violencia, pero sabe que va a ser o él o su adversario. En otras circunstancia incluso el hombre que tiene enfrente podría haber sido su amigo del alma, pero en ese instante no puede hacer cábalas. ¿Qué es lo que impulsa a esa persona a apretar el gatillo? El coraje. El coraje no necesita saber si lo que va a hacer está bien o mal, simplemente es lo que necesita para realizar la acción que no olvidará el resto de su vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AnqFjwv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coraje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Impetuosa decisión y esfuerzo del ánimo, valor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si nos vamos a la definición de valor, encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bJeLxWG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;valor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cualidad del ánimo, que mueve a acometer resueltamente grandes empresas y a arrostrar los peligros. Usado también en sentido peyorativo, denotando osadía, y hasta desvergüenza. &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo tienes valor para eso? Tuvo el valor de negarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la definición de &lt;em&gt;valor&lt;/em&gt; incluye un sentido peyorativo en el que el valor se emplea para hacer cosas negativas desde el punto de vista del hablante. En el ejemplo de la guerra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuvo el valor de apretar el gatillo para acabar con la vida de su enemigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T09:51:37.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20022" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-07T12:10:53.460" Score="6" ViewCount="31942" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el idioma español tenemos una amplia variedad de elementos compositivos que se pueden anteponer a los adjetivos para hacerlos superlativos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YidtEBo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Super-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Significa 'en grado sumo'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KQQdgjV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hiper-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Significa 'exceso' o 'grado superior al normal'. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b2QZCEO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ultra-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Significa 'en grado extremo'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OmkR9wz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mega-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Significa 'grande'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si existirá algún otro elemento compositivo similar (algunas personas empiezan a usar ya &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/%C3%BCber-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;über-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, como préstamo de otros idiomas y que significa &quot;ejemplo superlativo de su tipo o clase&quot;). Estos elementos compositivos se pueden combinar en el habla coloquial, y así decir que algo es &quot;hipermegabueno&quot;, y entonces es cuando se empieza con la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AiDpZIq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coña&lt;/a&gt; de si algo &quot;hipermegabueno&quot; es mejor o peor que algo &quot;superultrabueno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que vamos a trasladar esta broma a una pregunta real: tomando esta lista de prefijos y, si es necesario, añadiendo los que faltan, ¿existe algún orden más o menos oficial para los grados de estos elementos compositivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por las definiciones, se podría decir que de menos a más van &quot;mega&quot;, &quot;hiper&quot;, &quot;super&quot; y finalmente &quot;ultra&quot;, aunque es debatible si &quot;en grado sumo&quot; es más o menos que &quot;en grado extremo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros elementos compositivos que han ido apareciendo en comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3SE1R6t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Archi-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Con adjetivos, se emplea en lenguaje coloquial y significa 'muy'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VFxyLmQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Re-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WGirRmb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rete-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W6oHLV2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;requete-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Denotan 'intensificación'. &lt;sub&gt;(Relacionada: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17038/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es el origen del prefijo &amp;quot;requete-&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T16:21:38.323" LastActivityDate="2021-01-26T13:13:58.773" Title="¿Existe algún orden para los elementos compositivos que aumentan al adjetivo al que preceden?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19998" CreationDate="2017-03-07T15:10:29.433" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know much about Ecuadorian way of speaking but since you asked about Colombia let me say this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We mainly use two forms: &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Vos&lt;/em&gt;. (there are many questions on this site about tuteo and voseo that you could check out.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; is the more commonly used on the south and central region while &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is more used around the &quot;coffee region&quot;. However on the Caribbean part of the country the use of &quot;tú&quot; is very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; in Colombia always means familiarity and is used among people that are close friends or with family while &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is always used with people that deserve some respect or people you do not know very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding love relationships it is common for people to keep using the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; but most people cross the respect barrier and start using &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; according to the region). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For us the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; alone does not mean affection. It could be used in a sentence that expresses affection but it is the meaning of the sentence and not the use of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; that conveys the feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being that your girlfriend is from Ecuador and that could mean that their ways are similar to our people from the south, I think it is very normal that she uses &quot;usted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T02:56:17.243" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T02:56:17.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20024" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20025" CreationDate="2017-03-07T17:11:27.777" Score="2" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused by this excerpt from &lt;em&gt;Historia de una gaviota y del&#xA;gato que le enseñó a volar&lt;/em&gt; by Luis Sepúlveda. It almost looks like an English possessive construction &quot;the gaviotas' pilot&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevaban seis horas de vuelo sin interrupciones y, aunque &lt;strong&gt;las gaviotas&#xA;  piloto&lt;/strong&gt; las habían conducido por corrientes de aires cálidos que&#xA;  hicieron placentero el planear sobre el océano, sentían la necesidad&#xA;  de reponer fuerzas, y qué mejor para ello que un buen atracón de&#xA;  arenques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T12:23:04.100" Title="Can possession in Spanish be formed by two nouns placed in juxtaposition?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20024" CreationDate="2017-03-07T17:27:57.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T0pFGII&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6. m. U. en aposición, indica que la cosa designada por el nombre que le precede funciona como modelo o con carácter experimental. Piso, instituto piloto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is a noun used in apposition (in English presumably = pilot gulls). There are also &lt;em&gt;ballenas piloto&lt;/em&gt; for example (in English pilot whale).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note in an &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4158/1674&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; angus provided a helpful link that provides a wealth of material on this topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Aposiciones%20e%20incisos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Aposiciones%20e%20incisos.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T12:23:04.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20030" CreationDate="2017-03-07T18:21:37.477" Score="4" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;If someone asks, &quot;¿Es importante?&quot;, is it correct to answer with &quot;No es&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15148" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T19:30:31.183" Title="Is it correct to answer a specific question with &quot;no es&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20026" CreationDate="2017-03-07T18:26:43.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's correct, but the &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; part of the answer is kind of inferred from the question so it's not necessarily necessary.  Regardless, it is indeed correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same principle goes for English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: Is the pan hot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: It is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the answer could simply be &amp;quot;No&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T18:26:43.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20026" CreationDate="2017-03-07T22:12:58.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, it is correct. Pragmatically, it is not. The only real-life situation where &lt;em&gt;&quot;No es&quot;&lt;/em&gt; would be totally OK as a reply to a question would be if the question was of the form &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Es o no es?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you're at a friend's house and he says he's got a book that may be yours. You don't remember having lent him the book, so you suggest it may be someone else's. You hesitate, so your friend loses his patience and demands to know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your friend:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿Es o no es tuyo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  You, after thinking hard for a while:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—No es.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even then it sounds a bit odd because, regardless of the fact that a question posing two alternatives should not take a &quot;yes&quot; or &quot;no&quot; for an answer but only one of the alternatives, in actual conversations many people will start with &quot;yes&quot; or &quot;no&quot; anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T01:53:35.010" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T01:53:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20026" CreationDate="2017-03-07T22:20:15.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that it is incorrect, but the answer is kind of incomplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can answer directly with a simple: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can answer using an object pronoun: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no lo es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can answer in a diplomatic way reaffirming and using an object pronoun: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no, no lo es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of these answers could be used depending on the context, maybe the third is the more polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="14481" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T19:30:31.183" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T19:30:31.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20026" CreationDate="2017-03-07T23:34:02.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; is a copulative verb and, as such, it usually requires a subject complement (SC). There are special cases, where &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;existir&amp;quot;, in which the SC will not be required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser o no ser&lt;/strong&gt;, ésa es la cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The SC can be an adjective or adjective phrase (AP), or a noun or noun phrase (NP). When the SC is an AP, omitting the SC will not be grammatical, and -- if it is not to be repeated -- the SC has to be replaced with &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es feliz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es. // No, no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the only case in which an AP can be omitted as a SC is in echo questions like the one asked by C below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Es importante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: No, no es importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C: ¿Cómo que &lt;strong&gt;no es&lt;/strong&gt;? (How can you possibly say it's not important?) Sí que es importante, y muy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when the SC is a NP, we have at least two possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The NP merely describes the subject.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The NP identifies or designates the subject.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of (1), the SC cannot be omitted in the answer (except in echo questions like the one mentioned above):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &lt;strong&gt;abogado&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es. // No, no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of (2), the SC can be omitted and we may find &amp;quot;es&amp;quot; (or &amp;quot;no es&amp;quot;) with a &amp;quot;truncated&amp;quot; SC (I'm not saying that this is obligatory, but just an option):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estás seguro de que ésa es María?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt;. // Para mí &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can even find this ellipsis of SC with common nouns that designate a thing or animal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esto es oro?&#xA;No, &lt;strong&gt;no es&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso es un perro?&#xA;Para mí &lt;strong&gt;no es&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all of the cases with NP above we can of course repeat the NP or use, as other members proposed, just &amp;quot;Sí&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;No&amp;quot;, but I thought it necessary to clarify that the cases of SC ellipsis above are possible and grammatical in the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally to the example in the interrogative provided by pablodf76 (&lt;em&gt;¿Es o no es?&lt;/em&gt;), the only other case I can think of in which &amp;quot;es&amp;quot; is used alone in a question is the colloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; o se hace? (meaning: &lt;em&gt;Is he really a jerk or is he just acting like one/pretending to be one?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also use it in the second person. In my country, where we use &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot;, we frequently challenge an opponent by asking him (or her) this rhetorical question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Sos&lt;/strong&gt; o te hacés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T00:11:00.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19988" CreationDate="2017-03-08T00:09:24.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some more answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Wedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Wedo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/143985/how-do-you-spell-the-slang-word-for-white-guy-in-spanish-wedo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/143985/how-do-you-spell-the-slang-word-for-white-guy-in-spanish-wedo&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://thedialect.wordpress.com/2009/06/26/wedo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://thedialect.wordpress.com/2009/06/26/wedo/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/wedo-g%C3%BCero.47551/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/wedo-g%C3%BCero.47551/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wedo’ was explained to me by my co-workers as ‘white skin guy’ and now, years later, I have determined that the proper spelling for it is güero with the dictionary definition being ‘blonde’ but used informally as ‘whitey’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T00:09:24.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19971" CreationDate="2017-03-08T01:11:23.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entonar también se puede utilizar para referirse a que algo da tono. &lt;em&gt;Tono&lt;/em&gt; según el contexto puede referirse a &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt; entre otras cosas, pero en un contexto culinario hace referencia a darle aroma, color, sabor, &quot;vigorizar o realzar cualidades&quot;, si se quiere, también en relación al segundo significado que comentaste. Todo eso simboliza esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12520" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T02:07:44.323" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T02:07:44.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20015" CreationDate="2017-03-08T02:45:41.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que una de los problemas es distinguir la &amp;quot;virtud&amp;quot; o cualidad de algo (connotaciones positivas que percibimos o que nosotros le damos a algo) y el uso que se haga de las mismas. Yo creo que se podría usar &amp;quot;valiente&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;coraje&amp;quot; en los contextos de tu pregunta. Alguien puede ser valiente, pero usar esa cualidad de una manera que no haga el mundo mejor. Se puede ser valiente e inteligente y malvado a la vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que el uso de &amp;quot;valor&amp;quot;, dependiendo del contexto, no necesariamente refiere a una virtud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuvo el &lt;em&gt;valor&lt;/em&gt; de decirme que la preparación de la fiesta fue un desastre, a pesar de que él no ayudó para nada por más que se lo pedimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener valor para hacer un comentario tan machista delante de un grupo de mujeres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos, tiene más de &amp;quot;caradura&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;desvergüenza&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chulería&amp;quot; e incluso &amp;quot;desafío&amp;quot; que de virtud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, puestos a buscar una palabra que exprese&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dispuesto a superar peligros para hacer algo que no beneficie a sus semejantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(o similar) podemos usar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RH4I3ef&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Osado&lt;/a&gt; (que tiene osadía, atrevimiento)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4MlGa9n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Audaz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atrevido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aventurado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resuelto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, las definiciones del DRAE enlazan unas con las otras, pero estos sinónimos tienen menos connotación de ser una virtud que &lt;code&gt;valor&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;coraje&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;Audaz&lt;/code&gt; puede tener un poco más de &amp;quot;inteligente&amp;quot; que las otras (o quizá solo es percepción mía) y &lt;code&gt;atrevido&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;osado&lt;/code&gt; pueden ser un poco más lo que estás buscando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, tienes términos como &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dC5eFT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizarro&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Anujf4j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corajudo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, que también son sinónimos de valiente, pero son algo más &amp;quot;oscuros&amp;quot; (menos usados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T02:45:41.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20036" CreationDate="2017-03-08T12:51:57.217" Score="4" ViewCount="635" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto el uso del imperfecto del subjuntivo en la siguiente frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El policía amenazó con detener al borracho si no &lt;strong&gt;parase&lt;/strong&gt; de molestar a los vecinos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me suena del todo bien, pero no logro encontrar nada que me indique que no es correcto. Creo que lo correcto sería usar el pretérito imperfecto en este caso, pero quiero estar seguro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El policía amenazó con detener al borracho si no &lt;strong&gt;paraba&lt;/strong&gt; de molestar a los vecinos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15154" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T14:15:58.990" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T14:37:36.947" Title="¿Es correcto el uso del imperfecto del subjuntivo en oraciones condicionales?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20035" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T13:13:45.097" Score="11" ViewCount="7795" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is correct? Is there any grammatical difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have just stumbpled upon  verbs ending with &quot;-se&quot;. &#xA;Before that I was thinking that &quot;voy a&quot; is the only way to say &quot;I'm going to...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;me voy a&quot; fundamentally different from &quot;voy a&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T13:50:12.560" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T14:27:18.197" Title="&quot;Voy a dormir&quot; vs &quot;me voy a dormir&quot; - huge difference or not?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20034" CreationDate="2017-03-08T13:37:48.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la Nueva Gramática, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=peoNhxjtfPZEEQPl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;epígrafe 47.8c&lt;/a&gt;, se explica que si el período condicional es independiente (en el sentido de no subordinado) se deben usar los tiempos verbales en indicativo y en relación con el presente de la enunciación. Cita como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me lo explicas, lo entiendo/entenderé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cual en el discurso indirecto quedaría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le dije que si me lo explicaban, lo entendía/entendería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de oraciones se denominan de período real, y son las condicionales más simples, del tipo &quot;si pasa A, pasa B&quot;. Nótese la diferencia con las de período potencial (&quot;si pasara A, pasaría B&quot;) o irreal (&quot;si hubiera pasado A, habría pasado B&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración que pones como ejemplo corresponde con un ultimátum del policía, y es de tipo &quot;si pasa A, pasa B&quot; siendo A &quot;no te paras&quot; y B &quot;te arresto&quot;, solo que el discurso es indirecto y por tanto se usa un tiempo pasado. Por tanto, y respondiendo a tu pregunta: no, no sería correcto usar el subjuntivo dado que es una oración condicional con período real y en estas se deja claro que hay que usar el indicativo en las prótasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esta construcción aplica solamente en el caso de condicionales con la conjunción &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmM8PPL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;si&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero la frase se podría reescribir de otras formas que sí usan el subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El policía amenazó con detener al borracho a menos que parase de molestar a los vecinos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(Usa el subjuntivo porque el verbo &lt;em&gt;parar&lt;/em&gt; va en una oración de relativo.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El policía amenazó con detener al borracho como no parase de molestar a los vecinos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Como&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; introduce apódosis condicionales pero requiere que el verbo esté en subjuntivo, ver acepción 13).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T14:37:36.947" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T14:37:36.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20035" CreationDate="2017-03-08T13:57:23.137" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you check the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; verb in the dictionary, you will see that there is one fundamental meaning as a pronominal verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Moverse de un lugar hacia otro apartado de la persona que habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &quot;moving from the current place to another place&quot;. So this means that when you say &quot;me voy a dormir&quot;, you mean that you are going to move yourself to another place and then sleep. The &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; verb has another non-pronominal meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disponerse para la acción del verbo con que se junta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, &quot;prepare yourself for the action caused by the following verb&quot;. You will say &quot;voy a dormir&quot; if you are already in the place where you are going to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with these sentences is that &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E9e9ZKl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dormir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can also be used as a pronominal verb (&quot;dormirse&quot;), so the first &quot;me&quot; could go with &quot;ir&quot; or with &quot;dormir&quot;, so in the end both sentences end up meaning the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T13:57:23.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19971" CreationDate="2017-03-08T16:15:53.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, en el contexto culinario &lt;em&gt;entonar(se)&lt;/em&gt; está relacionado con poner(se) &lt;em&gt;a tono.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=a%20tono&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE: &quot;a tono&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a tono&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. En armonía. Se vistió a tono con la ocasión. U. t. c. loc. adj. Se llevan los vestidos estampados con bolso y zapatos a&#xA;  tono.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adj. &lt;strong&gt;En buen estado, o en el estado deseable&lt;/strong&gt;. Necesitas entrenarte más para ponerte a tono.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11299" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T16:33:28.183" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T16:33:28.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20035" CreationDate="2017-03-08T16:45:32.473" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides the difference between &lt;em&gt;irse a&lt;/em&gt; as expression of movement and &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; as a periphrastic future tense, there's another nuance that I discussed a bit in this question about &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19659/14627&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; as a pronominal verb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say in fact that &lt;em&gt;Me voy a dormir&lt;/em&gt; doesn't sound to me as if the movement (me towards my bed, presumably) is emphasized. Indeed you might say &lt;em&gt;Me voy a dormir&lt;/em&gt; even if you're already sitting on your bed. Or you might say &lt;em&gt;Me voy a casa a dormir&lt;/em&gt; and there you have &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt; as intent instead of movement (&lt;em&gt;a dormir&lt;/em&gt; here means the same as &lt;em&gt;para dormir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm suggesting is that the pronominal element in &lt;em&gt;irse a dormir&lt;/em&gt; is not really so much part of &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt; as a verb of movement, but the same element that appears in &lt;em&gt;dormirse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vámonos que me duermo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Let's go, [because] I'm getting asleep.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me dormí en el trabajo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I fell asleep at work.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Esta noche duermo solo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Tonight I sleep alone.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Dormí como un bebé.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I slept like a baby.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are quite a few verbs where the pronominal form is used for mediopassive meanings (actions that affect the speaker) while the simple form has a more general, neutral meaning. (&lt;em&gt;Dormir&lt;/em&gt; just means &quot;to sleep&quot;, i. e. to sleep in a certain way, in a given place, for a certain amount of time, etc.; &lt;em&gt;dormirse&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to fall asleep&quot;, &quot;to get sleepy&quot;, &quot;to get [oneself] a given quality of sleep&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this same sense, &lt;em&gt;Voy a dormir&lt;/em&gt; just asserts that you're going (somewhere, sometime) to sleep, while &lt;em&gt;Me voy a dormir&lt;/em&gt; is rather like saying you're going away from other people into your own, personal, sleepy bubble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T16:45:32.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20035" CreationDate="2017-03-08T22:09:33.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me voy a dormir&quot; and &quot;Voy a dormir&quot; mean the same thing, and the two sentences are commonly used. I'm from Spain and my native language is Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically they are the same, but the second sentence omits the subject (It's very common to omit the subject when you speak Spanish, it's grammatically allowed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me voy a dormir. -&gt; I'm going to sleep.&#xA;(Me) Voy a dormir. -&gt; I'm going to sleep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the two sentences indistinctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15162" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T14:27:18.197" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T14:27:18.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T00:43:05.497" Score="2" ViewCount="985" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente inserta &lt;strong&gt;&quot;de que&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en su forma de hablar, escribir y expresarse. ¿En qué casos es correcto decir &quot;de que&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15165" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T09:12:18.737" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T09:12:18.737" Title="¿En qué casos es posible emplear &quot;de que&quot; correctamente?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20043" CreationDate="2017-03-09T01:41:16.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recordemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=vTr05If13D6tGOqCWV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dequeísmo&lt;/a&gt;: Es el uso indebido de la preposición de delante de la conjunción que cuando la preposición no viene exigida por ninguna palabra del enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;. Es la supresión indebida de una preposición (generalmente de) delante de la conjunción que, cuando la preposición viene exigida por alguna palabra del enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tengas dudas sobre si el &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; debe ir antes del &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, sigue esta regla práctica: transforma la frase en pregunta. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro [de] que hayas venido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo trasformas en pregunta sería &quot;&quot;¿&lt;strong&gt;De&lt;/strong&gt; qué me alegro?&quot; y no &quot;¿Qué me alegro?&quot; y por tanto debe llevar la preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te dije [de] que me trajeras el libro que te presté.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntarías &quot;¿De qué te dije?&quot; o &quot;¿Qué te dije?&quot;. Por tanto en este caso no llevaría la preposición. Por supuesto, como con casi todas las reglas, esta &quot;regla práctica&quot; puede tener su excepciones, pero te servirá en la mayoría de los casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, y como puedes ver en el enlace del &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;queísmo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;la preposición a veces exigida por alguna palabra de la oración o por el significado del verbo&lt;/strong&gt;. A veces depende del verbo que se usa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;antes (de) que, después (de) que, con tal (de) que.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;advertir, avisar, cuidar, dudar e informar en sus acepciones más comunes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te advertí de que eso podía pasar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras depende del significado de la oración, ya que se usa en ciertas locuciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hasta el punto de que /  a pesar de que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La información más completa, de nuevo, en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=0WI0lLaCjD655ud6n5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace&lt;/a&gt;, y como regla práctica, la explicada de transformarlo en pregunta (eso te dará un pista de si es correcto usar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que&quot; o si debe ser simplemente &quot;que&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T07:32:11.840" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T07:32:11.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20043" CreationDate="2017-03-09T02:02:07.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente a lo expresado por Diego, las proposiciones sustantivas ubicadas detrás de verbos que pueden ser gramaticalmente precedidas por &quot;de&quot; son aquéllas que pueden reemplazarse por pronombres como &quot;algo&quot; o &quot;eso&quot;. Utilizando los ejemplos de Diego, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro &lt;strong&gt;de eso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PERO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te dije &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe otra construcción donde &quot;de que&quot; es gramatical, y es cuando se trata de una proposición sustantiva apositiva, es decir, que cumple la función de aposición respecto del sustantivo que la precede, a diferencia de las proposiciones adjetivas, que sólo llevan &quot;de&quot; cuando contienen un complemento introducido por esa preposición. Veamos con ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La idea &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; todos somos iguales ante la ley es uno de los pilares del sistema repuplicano. (La idea ES que todos somos iguales ante la ley, por lo que esta última estructura es una proposición sustantiva en aposición al sustantivo &quot;idea&quot;, que inclusive puede reemplazarlo: Que todos somos iguales ante la ley es uno de los pilares del sistema republicano / Uno de los pilares del sistema republicano es que todos somos iguales ante la ley.) Es erróneo decir: *La idea que todos somos iguales ante la ley...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La idea &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; me transmitiste es errónea. (En este caso, &quot;que me transmitiste&quot; es una proposición adjetiva y no lleva &quot;de&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La idea &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; se nutre ese plan es que cualquier medio es permitido con tal de llegar al fin. (En este caso, &quot;de que se nutre ese plan&quot; es una proposición adjetiva que lleva &quot;de&quot; porque esta preposición introduce el complemento del verbo &quot;nutrirse&quot;: Ese plan se nutre &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; la idea, y por lo tanto &quot;de&quot; es correcto.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T02:02:07.490" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20046" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20047" CreationDate="2017-03-09T05:57:25.700" Score="5" ViewCount="18754" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi duda surge a partir de que la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FABu3oz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;encriptar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Blo7Je&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cifrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, para lo cual su acción contraria sería &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ceu04o5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;descifrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces, ¿cuál es el término opuesto de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;encriptar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la RAE, no existe el término &lt;em&gt;desencriptar&lt;/em&gt; y no estoy seguro que sea correcto utilizarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T09:26:33.943" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T23:16:28.413" Title="¿Es correcto utilizar la palabra &quot;desencriptar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20046" CreationDate="2017-03-09T07:29:53.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que una palabra no venga en el diccionario no quiere decir que no exista. Este probablemente sea uno de esos casos de palabra compuesta con significado transparente. Sabemos que &lt;em&gt;encriptar&lt;/em&gt; viene en el diccionario, lo único que habría que ver es qué significa el prefijo &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;des-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pref. Denota negación o inversión del significado de la palabra simple a la que va antepuesto. &lt;em&gt;Desconfiar, deshacer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, si &lt;em&gt;encriptar&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;cifrar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desencriptar&lt;/em&gt; denota el paso inverso a &lt;em&gt;cifrar&lt;/em&gt;, que sería &lt;em&gt;descifrar&lt;/em&gt;. Por motivos de ahorro, si una palabra no tiene ningún significado más allá de la suma de sus componentes, no suele aparecer en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, no encuentro ningún caso en el CREA, pero buscando artículos periodísticos aparecen textos &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2002/01/05/023.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como este&lt;/a&gt; del diario ABC del 5 de enero de 2002:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especialistas del FBI trabajan en España en colaboración con la Policía para desencriptar los ordenadores intervenidos a ETA [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T07:41:49.787" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T07:41:49.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20046" CreationDate="2017-03-09T09:24:29.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con lo que explica Carlos Alejo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20047/1674&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.  Efectivamente, lo permitido y lo incluido en el RAE no es una biyección, por lo que hay cosas permitidas que no están en la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente, quería indicar que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu/SearchByQueryLoad.do?method=load&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IATE&lt;/a&gt; (Base de datos terminológica multilingüe de la Unión Europea) sugiere las siguientes traducciones para &lt;em&gt;decrypt&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu/SearchByQuery.do?method=searchDetail&amp;amp;lilId=1399394&amp;amp;langId=&amp;amp;query=decrypt&amp;amp;sourceLanguage=en&amp;amp;domain=0&amp;amp;matching=&amp;amp;start=0&amp;amp;next=1&amp;amp;targetLanguages=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Information technology and data processing [COM]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;inglés: decrypt / decipher&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  castellano: descifrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu/SearchByQuery.do?method=searchDetail&amp;amp;lilId=204002&amp;amp;langId=&amp;amp;query=decrypt&amp;amp;sourceLanguage=en&amp;amp;domain=0&amp;amp;matching=&amp;amp;start=0&amp;amp;next=1&amp;amp;targetLanguages=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Information technology and data processing [EP]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;inglés: decrypt / decipher&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  castellano: descifrar / decodificar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los enlaces de los títulos llevan a la ficha completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que tanto &lt;strong&gt;descifrar&lt;/strong&gt; que tú comentas como &lt;strong&gt;decodificar&lt;/strong&gt; podrían ser opciones válidas. Nótese que las fichas indican &quot;Reliability not verified&quot;, por lo que sería algo escéptico en cuanto a su uso. Debo reconocer que yo siempro uso &lt;em&gt;desencriptar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T09:24:29.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20091" CreationDate="2017-03-09T10:15:18.307" Score="10" ViewCount="15694" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Luis_Guerra&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juan Luis Guerra&lt;/a&gt; es un artista dominicano, aunque la canción &lt;em&gt;Woman del Callao&lt;/em&gt; está dedicada a una (¿la?) mujer del Callao, en Venezuela. El estribillo dice tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene mucho hot&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tiene mucho tempo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y tiene mucho down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de esas letras que aquí aceptamos sin más, sin preocuparnos mucho por el significado, dado que suelen sonar en fiestas o salas de baile y la intención principal de la misma es mover el cuerpo. Sin embargo, si nos paramos a analizar la letra ya me entra la curiosidad. ¿Qué quiere decir que una mujer tenga mucho &lt;em&gt;tempo&lt;/em&gt; y mucho &lt;em&gt;down&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo como &lt;em&gt;tener tempo&lt;/em&gt; el tener ritmo. Sin embargo &lt;em&gt;tener down&lt;/em&gt; me descuadra dado que, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=down&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la Asale&lt;/a&gt;, en Venezuela &lt;em&gt;down&lt;/em&gt; se usa en el sentido de &quot;estar deprimido&quot; y especialmente &quot;por el consumo de drogas&quot;. Sin embargo, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=124117&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la letra de la canción&lt;/a&gt; no hay nada que haga pensar que el tema de la canción sea ese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué interpretación se le da a decir que una mujer &quot;tiene tempo&quot; y &quot;tiene down&quot; en Venezuela y/o la República Dominicana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-10-13T06:58:21.390" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;tiene mucho down&quot; en la letra de &quot;Woman del Callao&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20050" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en la República Dominicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in the Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20051" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en la República Dominicana / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in the Dominican Republic." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T13:30:32.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20052" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:36:24.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Genealogía: estudio y seguimiento de la ascendencia y descendencia de una persona o familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Genealogy: the study of families and the tracing of their lineages and history.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T13:36:24.910" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T13:36:24.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20053" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:36:24.910" Score="0" Body="Estudio y seguimiento de la ascendencia y descendencia de una persona o familia. / The study and tracing of a person's family lineage (forebears and offspring)." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:00:33.997" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:00:33.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20054" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:38:26.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La informática, también llamada computación en América latina, es una ciencia que estudia métodos, técnicas, procesos, con el fin de almacenar, procesar y transmitir información y datos en formato digital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating a mathematical sequence of steps known as an algorithm — e.g. through computers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T13:38:26.253" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T13:38:26.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20055" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:38:26.253" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el idioma español cuyo contexto es la informática. // Questions about the Spanish language whose context is the computing." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:08:12.720" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:08:12.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20056" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:42:38.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español o castellano medieval, también llamado romance castellano, se refiere a las variantes del castellano habladas en la península ibérica entre el siglo IX hasta entrado el siglo XV aproximadamente; más específicamente antes de que sucediera el reajuste consonántico que daría origen al español contemporáneo. La primera obra extensa de la literatura en castellano medieval es el llamado &lt;em&gt;Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Poema de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt;, creado a finales del siglo XII o principios del XIII por autor anónimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old Spanish, also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, originally a colloquial Latin spoken in the provinces of the Roman Empire that provided the root for the early form of the Spanish language that was spoken on the Iberian Peninsula from the 10th century until roughly the beginning of the 15th century, before a consonantal readjustment gave rise to the evolution of modern Spanish. The poem &lt;em&gt;Cantar de Mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;The Poem of the Cid&lt;/em&gt;), published around 1200, remains the best known and most extensive work of literature in Old Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T12:09:54.510" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T12:09:54.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20057" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-09T13:42:38.207" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el español antiguo (el hablado entre los siglos X y XV), también conocido como español medieval. / Questions about the old Spanish language (spoken from 10th century until 15th century)." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T13:42:38.207" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T13:42:38.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20058" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T18:25:24.383" Score="1" ViewCount="1844" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating a scholarly article.  A footnote cites a chapter in a book.  The editors of the book are listed in the English version as &quot;eds.&quot;  May I use that in the Spanish version as well, like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;X y Y, eds., &lt;em&gt;título&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T01:26:52.820" Title="abreviatura de &quot;editores&quot;: &quot;eds.&quot;?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20060" CreationDate="2017-03-09T18:50:46.417" Score="3" ViewCount="1245" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según entiendo una de las reglas más basicas es que toda oración inicia con mayuscula.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en torno a las oraciones formadas con interjecciones he encontrado que a veces inician con minúscula y otras veces con mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso en el mismo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interjecci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de wikipedia acerca de interjecciones&lt;/a&gt; aparece de ambas formas en el mismo articulo.  (&lt;strong&gt;Parrafo 1&lt;/strong&gt;:  &quot;¡ay!&quot; , &quot;¡zas!&quot;  y &lt;strong&gt;Parrafo 2&lt;/strong&gt;: ¡Alto! , &quot;¡Ay!&quot; , &quot;¡Eh!&quot; , etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son estos simples errores o hay alguna regla especial que rige cuando una interjección debe llevar mayúscula y cuando no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T03:11:09.610" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T03:11:09.610" Title="¿Las oraciones de interjección deben llevar mayúscula?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20059" CreationDate="2017-03-09T19:42:29.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una interjección debe escribirse comenzando por mayúscula si con ella comienza una frase, o si constituye en sí una frase independiente. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Te dije que hicieras la compra. ¡Ay! Qué mala memoria tienes. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No puede entrar ahí. ¡Alto! Deténgase inmediatamente. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si la interjección forma parte de una frase, es decir, si antes de ella no tenemos un punto, entonces deberá ir en minúscula, como en estos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Qué mala suerte, ¡ay!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Qué día tan lluvioso, ¿eh? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14999" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T19:42:29.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20035" CreationDate="2017-03-09T20:29:19.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe una diferencia... una dice &quot;Me voy ...&quot;, es decir, no es en el mismo sitio dónde se expresa.... La otra dice &quot;Voy a dormir&quot;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precisamente, al estar ya en la mesa del restaurante o en el comedor no se ve bien decir &quot;Me voy a comer&quot; pues no debe ir a ninguna parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque si estamos en la mesa si se puede estar haciendo otra cosa charlar, interactuar con otra persona y decir &quot;Voy a comer&quot;... eso indica que dejaré lo que estoy haciendo para comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15176" LastEditorUserId="15176" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T14:09:26.400" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T14:09:26.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20066" CreationDate="2017-03-09T22:15:45.840" Score="3" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera saber: &lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la expresión contraria a la frase &quot;caso de éxito&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Caso de éxito&quot; se dice cuando la implementación de una nueva tecnología ha dado frutos en una organización, haciendo de ésta un entorno más eficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así también se puede usar para comunidades en las que una idea, una campaña o una iniciativa ha mejorado la vida de las personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿cuál es la palabra referente a un caso de éxito cuya implementación no dio el mismo fruto, o sus resultados no fueron los esperados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado diferentes antónimos de la palabra &quot;éxito&quot; (fracaso, revés, caída) pero, al unirlos con la frase &quot;caso de...&quot; los resultados son nulos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15178" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T11:57:32.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T11:57:32.237" Title="Expresión contraria a &quot;caso de éxito&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20062" CreationDate="2017-03-10T00:01:13.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de los negocios, donde todo se trata de poner de forma positiva, creo que la contraparte de un &quot;Caso de Éxito&quot; es una &quot;Área de Oportunidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se utiliza la frase &quot;Área de Oportunidad&quot; para demostrar un ejemplo en el que las cosas no funcionaron de la mejor forma por lo que se puede mejorar lo que se hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T00:01:13.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20058" CreationDate="2017-03-10T01:26:52.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding the RAE (Royal Academy of the Spanish), the abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;Editor (editor/publisher)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Editorial (publishing house)&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;ed.&quot; and I guess the plural is &quot;eds.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if the book was published by just one publishing house you should write &quot;ed.&quot;, but if two publishing houses published the book together, you should use &quot;eds.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check here all the abbreviation officially recognised by the RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14921" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T01:26:52.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20062" CreationDate="2017-03-10T02:58:04.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele usar el término &quot;historia de fracaso&quot; o incluso &quot;caso de fracaso&quot;, pero no creo que se use como un vocablo establecido. Más bien se usa &quot;historia&quot; porque suelen ser una breve descripción de acontecimientos para aprender de esos errores. El uso de &quot;fracaso&quot; es obvio. Es el antónimo directo de &quot;exento&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se usa con el alcance que tendría un caso de éxito (es decir, algo que intentó una compañía y no le salió bien) y otras veces con el sentido más amplio de compañías que dejaron de existir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.slideshare.net/rubenpd/los-10-mayores-fracasos-empresariales-de-la-historia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;slideshare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de LinkedIn ofrece algunos ejemplos de ambos (McDonald's tiene una historia de fracaso vendiendo &lt;em&gt;Mc Spaghetti&lt;/em&gt; pero la empresa sigue. Por otro lado, &lt;em&gt;Betamáx&lt;/em&gt; tiene una historia de fracaso empresarial que refleja que la empresa dejó de existir al no saber hacer frente a un rival).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este otro artículo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.muypymes.com/2011/08/23/historias-fracasos-empresiales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MuyPymes&lt;/a&gt;  no lo dice explícitamente, pero llama a estas historias &quot;casos empresariales (de fracaso)&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para hacer este repaso a algunos de los &lt;strong&gt;casos empresariales&lt;/strong&gt; [de fracaso] que peor suerte tuvieron hemos diferentes compañías de diversos sectores que cometieron en su momento errores de diferente calado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dice Gustavson en los comentarios a veces se usa el término &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lessons_learned&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lección aprendida&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, aunque este último se puede usar tanto para algo positivo (qué conocimiento hemos ganado al desarrollar este prototipo) como negativo (hemos aprendido lo que no hay que hacer). Este término refleja más algo que se comparte dentro de la propia institución. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T07:17:46.363" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T07:17:46.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20068" CreationDate="2017-03-10T07:28:31.647" Score="2" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;This site has multiple questions about capitalization. I was about to create a tag to group them (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/capitalization&quot;&gt;the English site does&lt;/a&gt;, which is the recommended place to check for standard ways of tagging), but I noticed there is no direct word for the concept in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;uso de mayúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but I cannot find a single word to convey its meaning. I am afraid &lt;em&gt;capitalización&lt;/em&gt; would be a false friend, since it would kind of mean &quot;to make a place be the capital city of a country/region&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: is there a word in Spanish for &lt;em&gt;capitalization&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T09:56:44.613" Title="Is there a word for &quot;capitalization&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20067" CreationDate="2017-03-10T07:48:23.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, the word &lt;em&gt;capitalización&lt;/em&gt; is a false friend in Spanish. It means &quot;the act or process of capitalizing&quot;, but &lt;em&gt;capitalizar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7KLccGu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capitalizar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Econ. Proveer de capital a una empresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Econ. Convertir algo en capital.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Econ. Determinar el valor de una inversión en función de las rentas que ha de generar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Utilizar en propio beneficio una acción o situación, aunque sean ajenas. &lt;em&gt;El alcalde capitalizó el triunfo del equipo de fútbol.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing to do with the use of capital letters, even though in Spanish you can say &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAwHNtA#7Bhqd21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;letra capital&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for a letter in uppercase. In Spanish we can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAwHNtA#7DFjKYf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;letra versal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Impr. letra mayúscula.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And thus we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAwHNtA#7DM4wdA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;letra versalilla&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;letra versalita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Impr. Mayúscula igual en tamaño a la minúscula de la misma clase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that is not exactly the same as you refer to. There could be a verb like &lt;em&gt;versalizar&lt;/em&gt; (which sounds much finer that &lt;em&gt;mayusculizar&lt;/em&gt;), but there is not. And I cannot find anything else in the DIRAE, so my choices for such a tag would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso-de-mayúsculas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mayúscula-inicial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mayúsculas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Versales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T07:48:23.303" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20069" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20072" CreationDate="2017-03-10T08:45:23.140" Score="3" ViewCount="1375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dándole todavía vueltas al tema de los elementos compositivos, me encuentro con que tenemos dos que provienen del mismo prefijo del latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y5mVN6j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sobre-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Indica intensificación o exceso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YidtEBo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Super-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Significa 'en grado sumo' o 'exceso'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que ambas tienen otras acepciones, pero la duda me surge cuando ambas se emplean en el sentido de &quot;exceso&quot;. Así, se puede decir que algo está &quot;supercaliente&quot; cuando está excesivamente caliente, pero la acción de poner algo supercaliente no es &lt;em&gt;supercalentar&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;em&gt;sobrecalentar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=sobrecalent*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;10 casos&lt;/a&gt; de este último en el CORDE contra &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=supercalent*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1 caso&lt;/a&gt; del primero; en el CREA son &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=0&amp;amp;texto=sobrecalent*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;87 casos&lt;/a&gt; contra ninguno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio parece que se podría decir que &quot;super-&quot; precede a los adjetivos, mientras que &quot;sobre-&quot; precede a los verbos. ¿Es esto así? ¿Cuál es gramaticalmente la diferencia entre ambos? ¿Cuándo se debe usar cada uno? ¿Depende del tipo de palabra que venga después, o cada caso depende de su propia evolución en el lenguaje? ¿Y ante sustantivos, tiene sentido usar alguno de los dos en el sentido de &quot;exceso&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T15:54:08.073" Title="Gramaticalmente, ¿qué diferencia hay entre &quot;super-&quot; y &quot;sobre-&quot; con el sentido de &quot;exceso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-10T12:36:19.740" Score="4" ViewCount="4678" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HlH0iLR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fenómeno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Persona sobresaliente en su línea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este sustantivo se usa siempre en su forma masculina, lo que me causa dudas cuando es aplicado a mujeres. ¿Cuál sería correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa mujer es un fenómeno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa mujer es una fenómeno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo gracioso es que la palabra también se puede usar como adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Muy bueno, magnífico, sensacional. &lt;em&gt;Es un tío fenómeno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso no parece que haya que usar siempre el masculino, luego se podría decir &lt;em&gt;una tía fenómena&lt;/em&gt;. Casos así hay en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] Nino se lo agradecía y opinaba que tenía una mujer fenómena, comprensiva, una gran compañera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jorge Andrade, &quot;Un solo dios verdadero&quot;, 1993 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si existe &quot;fenómena&quot; como femenino en su uso como adjetivo, ¿no se podría decir &lt;em&gt;esa mujer es una fenómena&lt;/em&gt;? A fin de cuentas, también existe algún que otro caso en la prensa escrita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cámaras de Canal 9, de TV3, de TVE, de Antena 3, de Tele 5, emisoras de radio, todas las televisiones retratando el origen de la última fenómena del tenis español.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Vanguardia, 02/01/1995. España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto este uso? He visto casos de adjetivos en los que existen ambas formas (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;campesino/a&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conductor/a&lt;/em&gt;) dado que la RAE especifica que se usan también como sustantivo). ¿Podría ser &quot;fenómena&quot; uno de estos casos? Si no, ¿qué diferencia a &quot;fenómena&quot; de &quot;campesina&quot; o &quot;conductora&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T22:50:32.000" Title="Uso de &quot;fenómeno&quot; en femenino" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20069" CreationDate="2017-03-10T15:54:08.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Super-&lt;/em&gt; es más productivo y más coloquial que &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt;; probablemente esas dos cosas estén relacionadas (es en el habla coloquial donde aparecen la mayoría de los neologismos). &lt;em&gt;Supercaliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;supercansado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;superaburrido&lt;/em&gt; son todas palabras que expresan coloquialmente una intensificación más enfática que la de un &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt;. Puede funcionar con sustantivos si refieren claramente a ciertas cualidades, y en particular con sustantivos que derivan directamente de adjetivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dice Carlos, &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt; en este sentido tiende a ser sustituido por &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; en los verbos, pero aparte de &lt;em&gt;supercaliente&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;sobrecalentar&lt;/em&gt; sólo pude pensar en otro par contrastante: &lt;em&gt;superabundancia&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;sobreabundar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el registro coloquial, en mi dialecto, tampoco es tan raro ver &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt; con verbos, aunque la prosodia oscila entre usarlo como prefijo y como adverbio separable. Quiero decir: yo escucho cosas como &lt;em&gt;Se súper enojó con él&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Le súper cortó el rostro&lt;/em&gt;; el prefijo todavía no está bien integrado. Aquí se trata de un énfasis o de un exceso, según el caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con sustantivos el uso de &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt; con el sentido de &quot;exceso&quot; es también coloquial: &lt;em&gt;Es un superidiota, un supertarado, un superpayaso; pasé una supervergüenza por su culpa, me sentí una supertonta.&lt;/em&gt; Aquí también lo escucho separado a veces, o quizá sea un acento tónico secundario lo que me lo sugiere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro uso de &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt; es en términos técnicos como &lt;em&gt;supersaturado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;supersimetría&lt;/em&gt;, pero no hablamos de esto, creo (algo &lt;em&gt;supersaturado&lt;/em&gt; no está &quot;muy saturado&quot;, y una &lt;em&gt;supersimetría&lt;/em&gt; es una simetría de nivel superior, no una cosa &quot;muy simétrica&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt;, el uso en el sentido de &quot;exceso&quot; es más restringido porque &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; remite a la preposición homónima en el sentido de posición (&lt;em&gt;sobrevolar&lt;/em&gt;) o bien a un sentido positivo de &quot;superación&quot; (&lt;em&gt;sobrellevar&lt;/em&gt;). Ya &lt;em&gt;sobrecalentar&lt;/em&gt; es un término casi formal/técnico (¿quién dice &lt;em&gt;Esta agua está sobrecalentada&lt;/em&gt;?) y ni hablar de &lt;em&gt;sobreabundar&lt;/em&gt;. Los otros verbos con &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; tienen otro significado: &lt;em&gt;sobrevivir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobrepasar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobrellevar&lt;/em&gt;, etc. no implican exceso. De los verbos donde &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; tiene el significado de exceso y que sean de uso común se me ocurren &lt;em&gt;sobrecargar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobresalir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobreestimar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sobrevender&lt;/em&gt;; nótese cómo de varios de ellos derivan sustantivos comunes: &lt;em&gt;sobrecarga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobreestimación&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobreventa&lt;/em&gt;, todos excepciones a la &quot;regla&quot; de que los sustantivos llevan &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt;. Otros sustantivos que llevan &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; lo emplean con el sentido de &quot;cosa puesta sobre otra&quot; (&lt;em&gt;sobretodo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobrecubierta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobrehueso&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este panorama variado es lo que puedo aportar como respuesta aproximada, a la que espero alguien pueda contribuir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T15:54:08.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19643" CreationDate="2017-03-10T17:40:32.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la forma &quot;princesa&quot; es más antigua de lo que yo pensaba en un principio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Otrosi mandamos e ordenamos quelas otras gentes que vinieren ala dicha çibdad, asi dela nuestra corte commo de casa dela Reyna nuestra muger e del Principe e la Prinçesa e del infante Don Fernando nuestros fijos, commo quales quier otros que vinieren a nos e ala nuestra chançelleria, o alos nuestros contadores que fueren aposentados enla dicha çibdat o arrauales, quelos moradores o sennores delas posadas donde fueren aposentados les den aguisada mente, segund su poder, rropa en que duerma, e mesa e manteles e ollas e tajaderos e escudillas, segund que cada vno pudiere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100317%5C017%5CC000O10032017175415017.1212.1208&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20?r?ncipe%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1000-1400%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Cortes de Segovia&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, 1390 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese la forma antigua &quot;prinçesa&quot;. Y por el texto no parece que se refieran a príncipes y princesas de otros países (a lo mejor y como mucho del reino de al lado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto más antiguo que he encontrado con la palabra es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dixo el alcalde et el león pardo: -¿Cómmo fue eso?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El médico ignorante que envenenó a la princesa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=2&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100317%5C018%5CC000O10032017180512250.1212.1208&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20?rin?esa%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1000-1400%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Calila e Dimna&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, 1251 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calila e Dimna&lt;/em&gt; es una colección de cuentos castellanos de 1251 probablemente mandada traducir por Alfonso X el Sabio siendo todavía infante. En este caso sí se usa la palabra &quot;princesa&quot; para hablar de princesas de reinos lejanos, ya que están basados en la literatura oriental, pero la palabra &quot;princesa&quot; ya está ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El siguiente es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mas agora dexa aqui la ystoria a fablar de la çerca de escalona &#xA;  por contar como caso donna Costança la prinçesa de antiocha con Rinalt de &#xA;  castellon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100317%5C018%5CC000O10032017180512250.1212.1208&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20?rin?esa%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1000-1400%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Gran Conquista de Ultramar. Ms. 1187 BNM&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, 1293 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De nuevo usando la forma &quot;prinçesa&quot;. Si nos vamos a &quot;principesa&quot;, el primer uso que se encuentra en el CORDE es anterior a lo que piensas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡O prinçipessa e disponedora de gerarchías e todos estados, de pazes e guerras, e suertes e fados, sobre señores muy grande señora, &#xA;  así que tú eres la governadora e la medianera de aqueste grand mundo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Mena, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100317%5C018%5CC000O10032017181414671.1220.1216&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20?rin?ipe??a%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1400-1600%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Laberinto de fortuna o las trescientas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, 1444 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto es que esta forma ha sido muy poco usada, encontrando el CORDE tan solo 5 casos entre variantes de &quot;principesa&quot; o &quot;prinçipessa&quot; o similares antes de 1700, por más de 7000 de variantes de &quot;princesa&quot;. Esto es lo que hace que la forma &quot;princesa&quot; se recoja en los diccionarios desde el de Nebrija de 1495, mas no así la forma &quot;principesa&quot; que se incluyó mucho más recientemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, el diccionario de la RAE dice que la voz &quot;princesa&quot; vino dada por el francés. Veamos qué dice el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/princesse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PRINCESSE, subst. fém. et adj. inv.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Étymol. et Hist. I. 1. Ca 1175 «dignité chez les Amazones» (Benoît, Ducs de Normandie, éd. C. Fahlin, 431); 2. 1320 «fille ou femme de prince» (Le Dit des Patenostres ds Nouv. Rec. de Fabliaux, éd. A. Jubinal, I, 239);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en el siglo XII ya se usaba &quot;princesse&quot;, por lo que es muy probable que la forma nos llegara desde el francés durante ese siglo o el siguiente, y adaptáramos la palabra a su versión más cercana en idioma español (&quot;prinçesa&quot; por aquel entonces). Si nos vamos al italiano, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/princip%C3%A9ssa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sapere.it&lt;/a&gt; vemos que la palabra &quot;principéssa&quot; se originó en ese idioma durante el siglo XIV, por lo que esa forma nos llegó más tarde (cuadra con el primer caso en el CORDE del siglo XV). Por tanto acabó siendo menos usada al haberse asentado ya la palabra &quot;princesa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre lo que se decía antes de la llegada de la voz &quot;princesa&quot;, parece que simplemente se decía &quot;hija del rey&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas Josabet, la fija del rey, priso a Joas, que era fijo de los de Joram, e furtolo que non lo matasse [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Almerich, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=9&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100317%5C019%5CC000O10032017190010492.1220.1216&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20rey%20dist/3%20fij*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1000-1200%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;La fazienda de Ultra Mar&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, c 1200 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La falta de un término similar fue seguramente lo que propició la llegada de la voz del francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T18:57:08.800" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T18:57:08.800" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20074" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-10T18:34:35.123" Score="2" ViewCount="720" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María está vistiéndose (María is dressing up)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María está vistiendo (María is wearing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this meaning correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T18:41:27.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T10:06:49.153" Title="&quot;Vistiéndose&quot; vs &quot;vistiendo&quot; - what is the difference?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20074" CreationDate="2017-03-10T21:31:52.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;María está vistiéndose&quot; means that she is dressing up herself. The action &quot;vestir&quot; falls back over herself. It is a complete sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand &quot;María está vistiendo&quot; seems to be an uncomplete sentence. You have to add some extra information like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;María está vistiendo un vestido rojo&quot; means that she is wearing a red dress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;María está vistiendo a los niños&quot; that means she is dressing up the kids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the sifix &quot;se&quot; means that the verb falls back over the one who is doing the action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;laven&quot; means  &quot;you guys wash... something&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;lavense&quot; means &quot;you guys wash yourselves&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="13218" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T21:45:57.047" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T21:45:57.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20074" CreationDate="2017-03-10T22:01:11.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;María está vistiéndose&lt;/em&gt; the verb is pronominal, &lt;em&gt;vestirse&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;to dress oneself&quot;. As explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20075/14627&quot;&gt;the other answer&lt;/a&gt;, that's a complete grammatical sentence. The verb is reflexive, that is, the object is the same as the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo&lt;/em&gt; the sentence is ungrammatical, since the verb &lt;em&gt;vestir&lt;/em&gt; is always transitive. You're missing the object, which can be either the thing being worn &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; the person being dressed by María:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo una blusa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a los niños.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of the verb is not exactly the same in these two: &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo una blusa&lt;/em&gt; just means María is wearing a blouse (i. e. she has a blouse on), so you get a snapshot, a state, not an ongoing action. She's not putting the blouse on right now. Therefore you can sometimes say simply &lt;em&gt;María viste una blusa&lt;/em&gt;. On the other hand in &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a los niños&lt;/em&gt; it is clear that María is dressing the kids up right now, or (depending on the context) she's been dressing them up in a certain way every day recently, so the progressive tense is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using the transitive verb, the only way to include both the thing being worn and the person being dressed in the sentence is to turn the thing being worn into a complement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a los gemelos con camisas idénticas.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;María is dressing the twins up in identical shirts.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María viste a los gemelos todos los días con camisas idénticas.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;María dresses the twins up every day in identical shirts.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbs &lt;em&gt;calzar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; can both be pronominal/reflexive or transitive and can be used in similar, though not identical, ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T22:01:11.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20074" CreationDate="2017-03-11T10:06:49.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;María está vistiéndose (María is dressing up)&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; Indica una acción sobre uno mismo. María se viste, a si misma. Es una frase completa, con significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;María está vistiendo (María is wearing)&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; Indica una acción sobre uno mismo, o sobre otros, incluso sobre animales u objetos. María viste a alguien o algo*. Es el comienzo de la frase, falta el &quot;quien&quot; esta siendo vestido. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acción sobre uno/a mismo: &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo ropa de temporada&lt;/em&gt;. (Aunque no hablamos así, seria más normal decir: &lt;em&gt;María viste ropa de temporada&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;María lleva ropa de temporada&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acción sobre otra persona. &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a su hermana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acción sobre un animal (aunque no suelen llevar ropa). &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a su perro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acción sobre una cosa. &lt;em&gt;María está vistiendo a la virgen.&lt;/em&gt; Sobre esta última, se visten también santos y supongo que espantapájaros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14097" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T10:06:49.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T16:03:09.950" Score="3" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll set the scene: preteen or teen-aged houseguest needs some friendly encouragement to get out of bed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some pleasant idioms to use in this situation, equivalent to the English &quot;Rise and shine!&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:38:46.600" Title="Modismos equivalentes de &quot;Rise and shine!&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T16:05:50.340" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;anglo&quot; an acceptable substitute for &quot;anglo-parlante&quot; in Caribbean Spanish (specifically Dominican Republic)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:36:37.563" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T21:47:54.587" Title="Is &quot;anglo&quot; an acceptable substitute for &quot;anglo-parlante&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20078" CreationDate="2017-03-11T16:52:15.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's always the good old&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quinto levanta, tira de la manta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which comes from a song for children&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quinto levanta /&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tira de la manta;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quinto quinto,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tira del colchón,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que las doce son.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not really a modism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will only address your question partially, but my friend's father, when she could not get out of bed because she had been partying last night until late (legal age to drink alcohol was 16 years old when this &amp;quot;story&amp;quot; takes place) would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Noches alegres, mañanas tristes. Cabecita loca, ¿por qué no dormiste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also know of other parents using the &lt;em&gt;provervial&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;levántate y anda&amp;quot; that was used with Lázaro in the Bible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:37:58.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T17:33:54.260" Score="3" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I'm in a small group of people chatting, and one turns to me and makes a brief, private remark?  Is there a nice way of describing that, i.e. of introducing the quote?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T19:00:18.853" Title="Turn toward someone and speak an aside" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20078" CreationDate="2017-03-11T17:51:11.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's also the proverb: &quot;Al que madruga Dios lo ayuda&quot;. And, if the teenager complains because (s)he had a a long night, here we say: &quot;Calavera no chilla&quot; (meaning: If you had a good time last night, now you are not expected to grudge getting up.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T22:38:46.600" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:38:46.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2017-03-11T17:55:52.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you speak to the group, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo / la robo un segundo. (This will usually apply when the person you want to speak an aside to has an active role in the group, so that his/her absence will be surely missed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you speak to your confidant(e), you can approach him/her and simply whisper in his/her ear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te puedo decir algo en privado? / ¿Podemos hablar un minuto en privado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T17:55:52.147" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2017-03-11T18:53:39.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key word is &lt;code&gt;aparte&lt;/code&gt;. It means “aside” (both the adverb and the noun) or “besides” (and a lot of other things not relevant right now). So, you can say &lt;code&gt;me comentó aparte que ...&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;en un aparte, me comentó que ...&lt;/code&gt;, or some other variant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=364en40&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aparte&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Conversación privada que mantienen dos o más personas, al margen de otras que se hallan en el mismo lugar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;9.&lt;/strong&gt; adv. Separadamente, con distinción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Real Academia Española, &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, 23.ª edición&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T19:00:18.853" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T19:00:18.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20086" CreationDate="2017-03-12T08:03:03.933" Score="7" ViewCount="11794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have these two sentences from my book, one is using &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; and another one is using &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa camiseta no &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; queda bien a Luisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clara nunca &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; pinta los labios ni los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe both &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; in these sentences refer to the person. Then, why sometimes &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; and sometimes &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is used? Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14114" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-12-06T16:48:21.520" Title="Using 'le' vs 'se' pronoun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20085" CreationDate="2017-03-12T09:26:57.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence the subject of the sentence is the blouse and Luisa is the object, so &quot;her&quot; has to be &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The blouse does not suit (her) Luisa. [OR The blouse does not fit Luisa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence Clara is the subject, so the pronoun is &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clara never uses lipstick or eye make-up. Literally: She never applies makeup to herself on the lips or eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think in this context of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; as being herself and &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; as being her you will get a clue as to what is going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T00:59:26.790" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T00:59:26.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20085" CreationDate="2017-03-12T13:26:56.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mainly because &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is a reflexive pronoun. It is used when the object of a sentence is the same as the subject. Note, it is reflexive in this case. (&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; can be many other things, including a &lt;em&gt;reciprocal&lt;/em&gt; pronoun, as in &amp;quot;las niñas se peinan,&amp;quot; where you have the ambiguity of not knowing if the pronoun is reflexive or reciprocal. Do the girls do their own hair or each other's?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Le&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;third person&lt;/strong&gt; pronoun used as indirect object (never direct object -- this would actually be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus in the second sentence, you use &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; because it refers to the person doing the action (she does the action to herself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clara nunca &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; pinta los labios ni los ojos [a sí misma].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, you use &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; because you use it as a pronoun for the third person.  Comparing with first and second person pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La camisa mo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; queda bien &lt;strong&gt;a mi&lt;/strong&gt; (1st person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La camisa no &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; queda bien &lt;strong&gt;a ti&lt;/strong&gt; (2nd person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La camisa no &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; queda bien &lt;strong&gt;a ella&lt;/strong&gt; (3rd person)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you could write a sentence with both &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;le&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Laura nunca &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; ponía [a sí misma] la camiseta negra que &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; quedaba pequeña. | &lt;em&gt;Laura never wore the black tank top which was too small for her.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T00:56:48.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20089" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20112" CreationDate="2017-03-13T03:31:46.307" Score="10" ViewCount="2077" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí va una frase de la mano de Fr. Gil y Taboada, sacerdote franciscano en California, de 1824. Se quejó de alguien que le solicitaba dinero. Aún no conseguí leer una palabra, que por las letras superescritas parece abreviada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin tener más ejemplares del propio Gil y Taboada, creo que una terminal y superescrita -es quiere decir -ciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Este me reinsta con repetidas _______.&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/weP4C.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/weP4C.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:36:41.940" LastActivityDate="2020-05-31T17:34:20.933" Title="Reconocer una palabra manuscrita de 1824" Tags="&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20095" CreationDate="2017-03-13T07:41:08.950" Score="3" ViewCount="3594" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;piragua&quot; parece ser de esas cuya etimología parece obvia en un principio: una embarcación, vehículo capaz de navegar por el agua, que contenga la misma palabra &quot;agua&quot; en su nombre no puede ser casualidad. ¿O sí? Resulta que según el diccionario, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T8SSLQG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;piragua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se originó en el caribe, y más concretamente, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?piragua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;, viene del taíno. No da más información, más que mencionar que los taínos fueron los habitantes precolombinos de las Bahamas, las Antillas Mayores y el norte de las Antillas Menores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conclusión con tan poca información parece ser que el hecho de que se llame &lt;em&gt;piragua&lt;/em&gt; no es más que una curiosa coincidencia. ¿Es esto así? ¿Existe más información al respecto que pueda confirmar esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T10:16:55.860" Title="Etimología de &quot;piragua&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20049" CreationDate="2017-03-13T07:44:25.883" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tener &lt;em&gt;down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;tener &lt;em&gt;tempo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; tienen un sentido particular dentro del contexto de los raperos/reggaetoneros latinos y vienen a significar algo así como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tener ritmo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, utilizándose normalmente para presumir (como tener &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;flow&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; o tener &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;swag&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencia de ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo el down, que sería el trotar del hip-hop, y lo pongo a funcionar con bossa nova: el híbrido no tiene swing pero la letra es una visión infantil de la década de los 70, a través de un desfile de granaderos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rollingstone.com.ar/584958-andres-calamaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rollingstone.com.ar/584958-andres-calamaro&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos en canciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pa estar pegao&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hay que tener down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musixmatch.com/es/letras/Gente-de-Zona/Pinocho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.musixmatch.com/es/letras/Gente-de-Zona/Pinocho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que a mí me gusta el down y el toma traka&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://m.letras.com/haze/1346264/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://m.letras.com/haze/1346264/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy Aloy me presento&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;tengo tempo tengo furia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1624770&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1624770&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T15:31:45.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20108" CreationDate="2017-03-13T08:49:41.297" Score="3" ViewCount="24861" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la película &lt;em&gt;Ratatouille&lt;/em&gt; hay un diálogo bastante divertido en el que Linguini le recrimina a Ego que está demasiado delgado como para gustarle la comida, a lo que este responde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es que a mí no me gusta la comida, me apasiona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español hay muchos verbos que indican que algo te agrada en mayor o menor cantidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JueNX6F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gustar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ez09pdw%7CEz0jscS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encantar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (gustar en gran medida),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fqd1I28&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entusiasmar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (que infunde entusiasmo: exaltación y fogosidad del ánimo),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=36SMlGY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apasionar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (que causa pasión: afición vehemente a algo)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio &quot;apasionar&quot; parece ser un buen candidato, pero ya por preguntar: ¿existe algún verbo que implique que algo te gusta aún más que algo que te apasiona o entusiasma? ¿Cuál sería el más intenso de todos esos verbos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T06:31:19.997" Title="¿Cuál es el verbo que implica que algo te gusta en mayor grado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20098" CreationDate="2017-03-13T09:45:06.940" Score="8" ViewCount="5992" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ROwivtV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;A pachas&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión usada para indicar una acción realizada entre 2 personas por igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante un viaje a Nepal me sorprendió que los locales entendieran el sentido de un comentario realizado entre hispanohablantes en el que se trataba de compartir ciertos gastos &lt;em&gt;a pachas&lt;/em&gt; (a medias). Resulta que en nepalí, &lt;em&gt;pachas&lt;/em&gt; significa 50, se pronuncia como en español y es habitual su uso como &lt;em&gt;fifty-fifty&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora la pregunta: ¿Cuál es la etimología de pachas en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso que es improbable que la coincidencia con la palabra nepalí para indicar 50 sea mera casualidad. ¿O sí lo es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T13:00:37.750" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T14:57:33.873" Title="Etimología de &quot;a pachas&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20090" CreationDate="2017-03-13T10:16:55.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según todas las fuentes habituales, &lt;em&gt;piragua&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;piraua&lt;/em&gt;, que significa canoa hecha con un tronco ahuecado y es una palabra de la lengua &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_kalh%C3%ADphona&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;caribe insular&lt;/a&gt; o iñeri, &quot;lengua arawak del grupo caribeño hablada en las Antillas Menores y relacionada filogenéticamente con el taíno de las Antillas Mayores&quot; (el caribe propiamente dicho no tiene relación con esta lengua, pese a su nombre). La palabra aparece por primera vez en castellano &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=pirogue&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alrededor de 1530&lt;/a&gt;, pasando al francés como &lt;em&gt;pirogue&lt;/em&gt; en 1660 y de ahí &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirogue&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;al inglés&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente hay en Puerto Rico un tipo de helado que se llama &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piragua_(food)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;piragua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero sin relación con la canoa (según Wikipedia, viene de &lt;em&gt;pirámide&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;, ya que es un raspado helado con forma de pirámide o cono).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T10:16:55.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20096" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mayúsculas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20097" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de las mayúsculas en la escritura / This tag is for questions about the use of capital letters in writing." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T11:14:35.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20094" CreationDate="2017-03-13T14:57:33.873" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice Gorpik en su comentario, la expresión parece venir del habla gitana: el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=UV23VTQe4PQC&amp;amp;pg=PT22#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de frases hechas y dichos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Alberto Buitrago (2012) señala que  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión tiene como origen el gitanismo &lt;em&gt;a pacha&lt;/em&gt;, 'de acuerdo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de esta última expresión lo confirma el &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/diccionariodearg00bessuoft#page/120/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de argot español ó lenguaje jergal gitano, delincuente profesional y popular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Luis Besses (c. 1921):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pacha&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;pop. A pacha.&lt;/em&gt; De acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda por averiguar si, en efecto, ese gitanismo proviene de la raíz sánscrita indicada por Gorpik.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T14:57:33.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20129" CreationDate="2017-03-13T21:06:15.747" Score="5" ViewCount="35699" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I cite DRAE in a scholarly article?  I think it's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española (201x)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure what year to put in parentheses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T10:43:09.983" LastActivityDate="2020-05-26T09:23:00.300" Title="¿Cómo citar DRAE en línea en un artículo técnico -- &quot;(2017)&quot;?" Tags="&lt;dle&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20101" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T21:06:49.170" Score="5" ViewCount="445" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why are &lt;em&gt;pediatra, taxista, turista, policía&lt;/em&gt;, etc. used to describe both males and females? It makes less sense when you realize that up to the 1960s, all of these professions were mostly male.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14796" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T21:54:04.747" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T00:51:51.270" Title="Why do names of professions mostly have the feminine ending -a?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T21:11:14.747" Score="5" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a scholarly article in English, if you quote from a dictionary dictionary, your reference will typically say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(name of dictionary)&lt;/em&gt;, s.v. &quot;(word whose meaning was given).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I do that in Spanish?  Should I also use &quot;s.v.&quot; -- the same as in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:16:01.803" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:16:01.803" Title="Translation of &quot;s.v.&quot; (&quot;sub verbo&quot; or &quot;sub voce&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;latinismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20101" CreationDate="2017-03-13T21:52:14.880" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pediatra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;taxista&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;turista&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt; are not feminine but &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_gender_in_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;common gender&lt;/a&gt;: they are invariable and can function either as masculine or feminine; this will be manifest by the form of the articles, adjectives, etc. that agree with them. What you surely meant to ask was why those words have the ending &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; which commonly marks feminine gender. In fact it has nothing to do with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pediatra&lt;/em&gt; has the ending &lt;em&gt;-atra&lt;/em&gt; which is common to medical specialists and which comes from the same root as &lt;em&gt;-atría&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;pediatría&lt;/em&gt;): the Greek word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2011/01/ejemplos-sufijo-atra-atria.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;iatrós&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;physician&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;taxista&lt;/em&gt;, likewise, has the suffix &lt;em&gt;-ista&lt;/em&gt; which designates occupations as well as political, ideological or esthetic leanings (&lt;em&gt;comunista&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reformista&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). This suffix comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;-ista&lt;/em&gt; and this in turn from Greek. In Latin there were three genders, not two, and final &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; did not always mark the feminine gender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;turista&lt;/em&gt; employs the same suffix as &lt;em&gt;taxista&lt;/em&gt; (it is actually a calque from English &lt;em&gt;tourist&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt; meaning &quot;police&quot; is indeed feminine, as was the Latin word &lt;em&gt;politīa&lt;/em&gt;, but if the meaning is &quot;police agent&quot; (&lt;em&gt;un policía hombre, una policía mujer&lt;/em&gt;) it is, like the other examples, an epicene noun. The (feminine) name for the institution came first, and then the name of the agent was derived from it by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synecdoche&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;synecdoche&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T21:20:04.157" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T21:20:04.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20106" CreationDate="2017-03-14T00:06:35.660" Score="3" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is better?  &lt;em&gt;Pintándoles&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pintándolos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always had a lot of trouble choosing the right pronoun between &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; and *le&quot;.  I have a feeling it's because I learned Spanish in Mexico.  I suspect there's more &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; there, and more &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; in places like Spain and Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My audience will be Dominican readers of a scholarly journal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is more or less like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La imagen refuerza ciertos estereotipos comunes en Estados Unidos de negros, pintándoles de ignorantes etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T18:18:02.647" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:18:02.647" Title="Pintándoles or pintándolos?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T00:29:30.750" Score="3" ViewCount="1034" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I am returning to Spanish studies after a long break, I have been saying &quot;Si, hablo español, pero he olbidado mucho porque no practico&quot;. &#xA;This sentence was well accepted, but recently a native Spanish speaker pointed out there were several errors in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help, please? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15205" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T16:16:50.967" Title="Clarification of how to say &quot;I have forgotten a lot of Spanish due to lack of practice&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20104" CreationDate="2017-03-14T01:30:52.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go with &lt;em&gt;pintándolos&lt;/em&gt;. The form with &lt;em&gt;-les&lt;/em&gt; is definitely something that you might hear in Spain but generally not elsewhere; its use is called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;leísmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;le/les&lt;/em&gt; forms, in standard Spanish, are reserved for the indirect object (or dative), while in the example you have &lt;em&gt;pintar&lt;/em&gt;, which takes a direct object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pintando &lt;strong&gt;a los negros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;pintándo&lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the difference if you wanted to say that someone is actually painting (on) black people's faces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pintando las caras &lt;strong&gt;a los negros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;pintándo&lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; las caras&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that, despite the fact that they look the same, &lt;em&gt;a los negros&lt;/em&gt; in the former example is the direct object (preceded by &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/persa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; as usual) while in the latter it is the indirect object (preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; that marks IOs as a rule). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia in Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;says&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; is found in several places in the Americas, often alternating with &lt;em&gt;la/lo&lt;/em&gt;. At least in Argentina I'd say &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; is extremely rare, possibly limited to a few verbs; in the case of your example it would be immediately be heard as wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T01:30:52.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20102" CreationDate="2017-03-14T01:38:40.583" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the same form &quot;s.v.'&quot; or &quot;s/v&quot;. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más información en Wikipedia &lt;strong&gt;s/v&lt;/strong&gt; Arte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got that example from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_voce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sub voce&lt;/strong&gt; entry in wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, where they explain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sub voce&lt;/strong&gt; (plural sub vocibus) es una locución latina que significa literalmente «bajo la voz» o «bajo la palabra». En español y otras lenguas se utiliza generalmente &lt;strong&gt;abreviado como s. v. o s/v&lt;/strong&gt; para indicar que determinada información aparece como entrada en una obra de referencia que se organice de este modo, como un diccionario o una enciclopedia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T18:49:16.500" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:49:16.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20093" CreationDate="2017-03-14T02:05:12.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si existe un &amp;quot;superlativo&amp;quot; de gustar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente estoy de acuerdo en que &lt;code&gt;encantar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;entusiasmar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;apasionar&lt;/code&gt; son en cierto sentido sinónimos y ninguno destaca realmente por encima de los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí el siguiente nivel sería &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QpAN3cZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;obsesionar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. Aquello que causa &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qp4ig6r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;obsesión&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;condiciona una determinada actitud&amp;quot;. El problema es que no creo que &amp;quot;obsesionar&amp;quot; tenga por defecto las cualidades positivas de &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;apasionar&amp;quot; y necesitarías obtener un poco de contexto. Aparte, puede ser &lt;strong&gt;subjetivo&lt;/strong&gt; si una &amp;quot;afición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bRK5I3F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vehemente&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (Que obra de forma irreflexiva, dejándose llevar por los impulsos) es más poderosa que una que &amp;quot;condiciona la actitud&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;amar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; sí sea un verbo con las connotaciones positivas de &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; que expresa un grado superior (aunque no voy a proclamar que sea &lt;em&gt;superlativo&lt;/em&gt;) de afecto, atracción o agrado por o hacia algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigo pensando que &amp;quot;obsesión&amp;quot; es más fuerte, pero contiene distintos matices que &amp;quot;amar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que a mí no me gusta la comida, me &lt;strong&gt;obsesiona&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que a mí no me gusta la comida. Yo &lt;strong&gt;amo&lt;/strong&gt; la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota, he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Encantar%20-%20gustar%20mucho.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada a la hispanoteca&lt;/a&gt;, en la que se pregunta por qué &amp;quot;encantar&amp;quot; a diferencia de &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; no admite ciertos adverbios (decimos &amp;quot;Esto me gusta &lt;strong&gt;mucho&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; pero no &amp;quot;Esto me encanta &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. Es simplemente &amp;quot;Esto me encanta&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encantar es un verbo superlativo de por sí y no admite gradación. Es un verbo que tiene un sema de mayor intensidad, expresa máxima intensificación. [...] Por su grado de máxima intensidad, encantar no admite comparación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T06:31:19.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20089" CreationDate="2017-03-14T03:49:03.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De repente pude leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bb1kPkk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuestaciones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (RAE: &lt;em&gt;Petición o demanda de limosnas para un objeto piadoso o benéfico&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No voy a aceptar ninguna respuesta hasta ver ahí algún consenso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T07:44:27.017" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T07:44:27.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20102" CreationDate="2017-03-14T04:21:37.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've personally never seen such thing (or have never noticed). The thing is, I don't think it is a matter of the language, but a matter of the quotation system you are using for your essay/text/work, i.e. APA, MLA, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of these will tell you how to do it according to their rules. Of course, be consistent through your whole text ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T04:21:37.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20089" CreationDate="2017-03-14T07:45:45.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a poner una respuesta &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt; en la que poder escribir el texto completo, dado que hay algunas palabras de los alrededores que tampoco entiendo, a ver si entre todos lo sacamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: entre corchetes los textos que sean duda. Quien pueda confirmarlo que los quite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mi querido Luisito: ni  &#xA;me has contestado á  &#xA;mi suplica sobre Bol.  &#xA;coff. Este me reinsta  &#xA;con repetidas ?????  &#xA;Yo no puedo ser fiador&#xA;de nadie porque es contra  &#xA;mi instituto.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T11:42:50.603" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T11:42:50.603" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-14T07:45:45.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20089" CreationDate="2017-03-14T11:15:24.977" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo si se analiza con un poco de cuidado la ortografía, lo más razonable es pensar que la palabra es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cartas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Gui65.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Gui65.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera letra es una &quot;&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, podemos ver claramente el mismo estilo en 'contestado':&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3L3Y8.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3L3Y8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda letra es una '&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;', con la misma caligrafía que en 'nadie':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CCQAn.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CCQAn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera, 'r', con el mismo estilo que &quot;reinsta&quot; pero alargando los trazos de los extremos por estar la letra entre otras dos en vez de al principio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/izOhS.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/izOhS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las siguientes, &quot;t&quot; y &quot;a&quot;, se leen correctamente. &#xA;La última &quot;s&quot; recuerda un poco a la &quot;s&quot; de &quot;Luisito&quot;. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WSDti.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WSDti.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente el trazo no está claro, pero hay que notar que en otras palabras del texto también se aprecian trazos 'extra' o de forma descuidada, por ejemplo la &quot;t&quot; de &quot;reinsta&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/20LTd.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/20LTd.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuadra mejor que ninguna otra opción con el contexto semántico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T11:15:24.977" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21218" CreationDate="2017-03-14T11:49:12.900" Score="12" ViewCount="1912" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo una respuesta mía de Stack Overflow en la que en un momento dado digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/PAT1/&lt;/code&gt; matches lines having this text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que quiero decir es que en un contexto de expresiones regulares, identifico &lt;code&gt;/PAT1/&lt;/code&gt; como aquella expresión que se cumple si una línea dada contiene el texto &quot;PAT1&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés el verbo que se usa es siempre &quot;match&quot;, tanto como verbo (esta línea &lt;em&gt;matches&lt;/em&gt; este patrón) como como sustantivo (esta línea tiene un &lt;em&gt;match&lt;/em&gt;). Sin embargo, tengo serias dudas sobre cómo traducirlo al castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/36028394#36028394&quot;&gt;Me han sugerido&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coincidir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;emparejar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;empatar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera de ellas me gusta bastante, pero sigo dudando de si hay alguna aproximación más estándar. ¿Se os ocurre alguna? Idealmente, que sea entendible en ambos lados del Atlántico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T08:52:48.740" Title="En un contexto de expresiones regulares, ¿cómo se puede traducir &quot;match&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20113" CreationDate="2017-03-14T12:14:59.760" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coincidir&lt;/em&gt; me parece perfectamente entendible, y más todavía dado el contexto. Y &lt;em&gt;coincidencia&lt;/em&gt; para el sustantivo, aunque también he visto &lt;em&gt;ocurrencia&lt;/em&gt;. El uso común en español parece ser ése al menos (no incluyo ejemplos porque hay tutoriales sobre uso de expresiones regulares en diferentes lenguajes de programación &lt;em&gt;a patadas&lt;/em&gt; por toda internet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre compañeros informáticos suelo escuchar el verbo &lt;em&gt;matchear&lt;/em&gt; y (hablando de grandes tareas de filtrado) &lt;em&gt;hacer un matcheo&lt;/em&gt;, pero no creo que sea conveniente ni necesaria esa informalidad en SE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jamás he visto &lt;em&gt;emparejar&lt;/em&gt; ni mucho menos &lt;em&gt;empatar&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto y no me imagino que puedan sonar bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T12:14:59.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20113" CreationDate="2017-03-14T14:29:29.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EwwHYTQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encajar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? Según el diccionario significa &quot;meter algo dentro de otra cosa&quot;, &quot;ajustar algo con otra cosa&quot;, &quot;corresponder con su totalidad&quot;, o &quot;coincidir&quot;. Podrías decir, usando su acepción como verbo transitivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión regular &lt;code&gt;/PAT1/&lt;/code&gt; encaja las líneas que contienen este texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la expresión regular mete dentro de otra cosa (un listado de coincidencias, por ejemplo) las líneas que contienen ese texto. A fin de cuentas, la etimología es &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;caja&lt;/em&gt;, siendo la caja en este caso la expresión regular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción podría ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BPRtMNE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuadrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Conformarse o ajustarse con otra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión regular &lt;code&gt;/PAT1/&lt;/code&gt; cuadra con las líneas que contienen este texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta aquí las alternativas, pero la verdad es que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20114/12637&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincido&lt;/em&gt; con @pablodf76&lt;/a&gt; en que el verbo más usado en la documentación es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9hq0f9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coincidir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como se ve en sus acepciones 1 y 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. intr. Dicho de una cosa: Convenir con otra, ser conforme con ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. intr. Dicho de una cosa: Ajustarse con otra, confundirse con ella, ya por superposición, ya por otro medio cualquiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de este uso lo podemos ver, por ejemplo, en la documentación sobre C# en la web de la MSDN. En el artículo sobre &lt;code&gt;Regex.Match()&lt;/code&gt; traducido manualmente en la versión de Visual Studio 2010, &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/es-es/library/twcw2f1c(v=vs.100).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;podemos leer&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías tanto aquí como en los textos siguientes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This method returns the first substring in &lt;em&gt;input&lt;/em&gt; that &lt;strong&gt;matches&lt;/strong&gt; the regular expression pattern. You can retrieve subsequent &lt;strong&gt;matches&lt;/strong&gt; by repeatedly calling the returned &lt;code&gt;Match&lt;/code&gt; object's &lt;code&gt;Match.NextMatch&lt;/code&gt; method. You can also retrieve all &lt;strong&gt;matches&lt;/strong&gt; in a single method call by calling the &lt;code&gt;Regex.Matches(String)&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que se tradujo por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este método devuelve la primera subcadena de &lt;em&gt;input&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;coincide&lt;/strong&gt; con el modelo de expresión regular. Para recuperar las &lt;strong&gt;coincidencias&lt;/strong&gt; subsiguientes, llame repetidas veces al método &lt;code&gt;Match.NextMatch&lt;/code&gt; del objeto &lt;code&gt;Match&lt;/code&gt; devuelto. También puede recuperar todas las &lt;strong&gt;coincidencias&lt;/strong&gt; con una única llamada al método &lt;code&gt;Regex.Matches(String)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo &quot;manualmente&quot; porque algunos artículos (sobre todo los de las versiones más recientes) se traducen de forma automática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa también en la Mozilla Developer Network para describir &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/es/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el uso de las expresiones regulares&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los patrones simples se construyen con caracteres para los que se desea una &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; exacta. Por ejemplo, el patrón /abc/ &lt;strong&gt;coincidirá&lt;/strong&gt; sólo con esta exacta secuencia y orden de caracteres ('abc'). Tal expresión tendría resultados en las cadenas &quot;Hi, do you know your abc's?&quot; y &quot;The latest airplane designs evolved from slabcraft.&quot; En ambos existe una &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; exacta con la subcadena 'abc'. No hay &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; en la cadena 'Grab crab' debido a que, a pesar de que contiene los caracteres 'a', 'b' y 'c', la sequencia 'abc' nunca aparece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gente la usa también en Stack Overflow para preguntar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/q/50119&quot;&gt;Expresión regular que &lt;strong&gt;coincida&lt;/strong&gt; también con mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y Google &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/a/answer/1371417?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;también la usa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; solo con la frase exacta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; con la palabra o con la frase de una lista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; de una palabra con distintas grafías o con caracteres especiales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; con cualquier dirección de correo electrónico de un determinado dominio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; con cualquier dirección IP de un intervalo de direcciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; con un formato alfanumérico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa que veo a veces es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AyxqUHu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corresponderse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. intr. Dicho de una cosa: Tener proporción con otra. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. intr. Dicho de un elemento de un conjunto, colección, serie o sistema: Tener relación, realmente existente o convencionalmente establecida, con un elemento de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve en la Wikipedia, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una barra vertical separa las alternativas. Por ejemplo, &quot;marrón|castaño&quot; &lt;strong&gt;se corresponde&lt;/strong&gt; con &lt;em&gt;marrón&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;castaño&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en algunos otros sitios como &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmalmellones.wordpress.com/2011/01/06/expresiones-regulares-en-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comentarios en entradas de blogs&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// y vemos si hay correspondencia con el patrón&#xA;boolean emailValido= m.matches();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: parece que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; son la opción más usada, seguida de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;corresponderse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;correspondencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T09:18:33.987" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:18:33.987" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2017-03-14T15:11:04.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase is generally fine, however, &quot;he olvidado mucho&quot; sounds like a literal translation from &quot;I have forgotten most of it&quot;. If you want to explain why did you forget most of it, you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento, he olvidado la mayor parte de mi español por falta de&#xA;  práctica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this one is really well and most native speakers will be impressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento, hace mucho que no práctico mi español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this one. It is easier and gets the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will do...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15210" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T19:56:02.700" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T19:56:02.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20113" CreationDate="2017-03-14T15:57:56.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este contexto lo que hace /PAT1/ es filtrar las líneas quedándose solo con aquellas que contienen el texto PAT1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre ningún verbo que signifique &quot;filtrar y quedarse solo con&quot;. Por lo que yo lo traduciría de la siguiente forma aunque quede algo más largo :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/PAT1/&lt;/code&gt; filtra las líneas quedándose con aquellas que contienen el parámetro PAT1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso considero más importante la claridad de la traducción aún a costa de alargar algo el texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14913" LastEditorUserId="14913" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T07:36:18.190" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T07:36:18.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20119" CreationDate="2017-03-14T17:49:08.973" Score="3" ViewCount="3484" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el sujeto en la frase  &amp;quot;Siempre creí que era el único que te podía hacer feliz&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase viene de otro idioma en donde está escrita más explícitamente de forma mas o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Yo siempre creí que yo era el único quien te podía hacer feliz&amp;quot;. Traducida en español así suena no natural y tal vez sintácticamente incorrecta en la parte en donde hay un &amp;quot;quien&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el otro idioma la palabra que se considera algo parecido al sujeto es &amp;quot;el único&amp;quot;, pero en español no es así, ¿o sí? ¿Cual sería el análisis sintáctico completo de la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1237" LastEditDate="2021-04-02T20:18:32.917" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T20:18:32.917" Title="¿Cuál es el sujeto en la frase &quot;Siempre creí que era el único que te podía hacer feliz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20118" CreationDate="2017-03-14T18:12:42.650" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo es, sin duda, &lt;em&gt;creí&lt;/em&gt;, por lo tanto estamos ante un caso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sujeto_el%C3%ADptico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sujeto omitido&lt;/a&gt;, correspondiente al que habla (&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; es un adverbio que actúa como complemento circunstancial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;que era el único&lt;/em&gt; es parte del predicado. Concretamente, es una oración subordinada sustantiva que actúa como complemento directo de &lt;em&gt;creí&lt;/em&gt; (cf. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BDrUtPH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE, &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aceps. 1 y 3, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, acep. 4).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;que te podía hacer feliz&lt;/em&gt; es una oración relativa en que la palabra &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; actúa como pronombre relativo para introducirla (cf. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aceps. 1 y 2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:12:42.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20124" CreationDate="2017-03-14T20:03:54.003" Score="7" ViewCount="1588" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking a Spanish course and the &amp;quot;Vistas&amp;quot; textbook notes that &amp;quot;querer&amp;quot; changes meaning in the preterite. Here is a picture of the table explaining this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85n2G.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85n2G.png&quot; alt=&quot;Photo from the book&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm concerned about the specific case of &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to want&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero&lt;/strong&gt; ir, pero tengo que trabajar.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I want to go, but I have to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to try&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quise&lt;/strong&gt; evitarlo, pero fue imposible.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I tried to avoid it, but it was impossible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this meaning actually tried, as in they were in the process of doing it but failed for some reason, or is it just having the intention of doing something but failed, e.g. &lt;em&gt;wanted&lt;/em&gt; to do something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I wanted to express actually trying to do something wouldn't I use tratar de? Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traté de evitarlo, pero fue imposible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13880" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T14:32:05.963" Title="Does the preterite of &quot;querer&quot; mean to try or to want?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20089" CreationDate="2017-03-14T21:30:41.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Justo como lo decía en los comentarios, podría asegurar que es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Éste me reinsta con repetidas cartas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto solo como complemento a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20112/14481&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/2800/roc%C3%ADo-garc%C3%ADa-luque&quot;&gt;Rocío&lt;/a&gt; que nos hizo favor de analizar letra por letra. Ahora, analicemos la letra &quot;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&quot; del fragmento &lt;em&gt;&quot;..mi súplica...&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I9YkB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I9YkB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la &quot;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de &lt;em&gt;...cartas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SQuqM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SQuqM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pareciera ser que solo existe una pequeña variación, esto se puede dar por diferentes motivos, pero sin duda creo que esa es la palabra que hace falta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T21:30:41.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20120" CreationDate="2017-03-14T21:48:08.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is debatable whether this (and the other examples given in the link) is a true change in meaning or a minor nuance, but in any case, what is happening is that &lt;em&gt;the English translations&lt;/em&gt; of the present and of the preterite must be different for the nuance to be expressed and understood. Since English doesn't have a gramatical distinction between imperfect and preterite, some verbs in Spanish seem to correspond to two different concepts in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &lt;em&gt;quise evitarlo&lt;/em&gt;, the preterite implies that the wanting took place and then ended at a given point in the past, and by context (in this case) it is clear that you tried doing what you wanted and failed (you can't fail at wanting). Conversely, if you say &lt;em&gt;traté de evitarlo&lt;/em&gt;, the fact that you wanted to is implied, and the fact that you tried is made explicit. The result is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example you could equally have said &lt;em&gt;Quería evitarlo pero fue imposible&lt;/em&gt;, but there the imperfect tense suggests that you didn't actually got to the point of trying: the goal became impossible while you were busy wanting to avoid it, so to speak. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T21:48:08.197" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20120" CreationDate="2017-03-15T03:02:23.773" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the author of the book in that &quot;quise&quot; is different from other forms of the verb &quot;querer.&quot; &quot;quise&quot; suggests not only intention or volition (as other forms of the verb do) but the actual performance of some action or effort to make it true. In this respect, I understand why the author may have found it similar to &quot;I tried.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think &quot;I wanted&quot; will usually be translated as &quot;quise&quot; but as &quot;quería&quot; (only intention).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I have to admit that &quot;I tried&quot; may not be the best translation for &quot;quise,&quot; so my impression is that the main confusion lies in how &quot;Quise&quot; is translated. Rather than &quot;I wanted&quot; or &quot;I tried,&quot; I'd say it is closer to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;meant&lt;/strong&gt; to avoid it, but it was impossible. (intention or wish + effort).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the difference between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;quería&lt;/strong&gt; lastimarte. Sólo &lt;strong&gt;quería&lt;/strong&gt; protegerte. (I would translate this as: I &lt;strong&gt;didn´t want&lt;/strong&gt; to hurt you. I just &lt;strong&gt;wanted&lt;/strong&gt; to protect you.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;quise&lt;/strong&gt; lastimarte. Sólo &lt;strong&gt;quise&lt;/strong&gt; protegerte. (Here there is a stronger indication that the subject did something that, instead of protecting the other person, ended up hurting the latter: I &lt;strong&gt;didn't mean&lt;/strong&gt; to hurt you. I only &lt;strong&gt;meant&lt;/strong&gt; to protect you = In doing what I did, my only intention was to protect you.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T03:02:23.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2017-03-15T06:31:32.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to work with a Mexican chef who called me 'tlacuache.' I didn't know what it meant and he didn't know how to say it in English. &quot;Rata grande&quot; was as close as I got. Further research revealed little until I asked a waitress at Hooters. &#xA;&quot;Tlacuache is a possum&quot; she thought it was hilarious and gave me some Spanish words to throw back at the chef next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15216" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T14:40:52.880" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T14:40:52.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20113" CreationDate="2017-03-15T07:34:48.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concordar/concordancia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;La expresión regular &lt;b&gt;seri[oa]&lt;/b&gt; concuerda con las palabras &quot;serio&quot; y &quot;seria&quot;.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;No se encontró ninguna concordancia con la expresión regular en el texto.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no se refiere específicamente a expresiones regulares, usada en &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/adwords/answer/2497836?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sobre las opciones de concordancia con palabras clave&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso concreto de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;La expresión regular /PAT1/ concuerda con las líneas que contienen este texto.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.activalaweb.com/google-elimina-la-concordancia-exacta-y-de-frase-en-adwords/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google elimina la Concordancia exacta y de Frase en Adwords&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://yopagoporclick.com/concordancia-amplia-modificada/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Poderosa Concordancia Amplia Modificada&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;La concordancia amplia modificada o &quot;broad modified match&quot; permite tener palabras clave con mayor alcance que la concordancia de frase y con mayor control que la concordancia amplia.&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5466" LastEditorUserId="5466" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T08:52:48.740" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T08:52:48.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2685" CreationDate="2017-03-15T08:07:28.627" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the term &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QCFVQse#81ECcAD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;de nada&lt;/a&gt;&quot; means &quot;[something] of little importance or value&quot;. The expression &quot;cosa de nada&quot; has been used for centuries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Bien puede vuestra merced, señor, concederle el don que pide, que no es cosa de nada: solo es matar a un gigantazo, y esta que lo pide es la alta princesa Micomicona, reina del gran reino Micomicón de Etiopia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1605 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching in the CORDE you can find some matches of the expression used in contexts implying asking for a favour:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pues verá —dijo—, venía a ver si arreglábamos ahí un asuntillo, una cosa de nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Manuel Caballero Bonald, &quot;Dos días de setiembre&quot;, 1962 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in contexts where the speaker means that something he/she has to do is in fact something very easy for him/her, so it has no value or importance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡Cosa de nada! —como dijo Andrés respingando de gusto cuando las vio—. Descalzarme, remangar las perneras hasta los muslos y en un decir &quot;Jesús&quot;, atracar un poco las vigas, halando del cabo del arpón; saltar encima de ellas, y con el palo que tengo escondido donde yo sé, bien cerca de aquí...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María de Pereda, &quot;Sotileza&quot;, 1885 - 1888 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funnily enough, I cannot find any text with this expression used as a return for &quot;gracias&quot;, but it makes sense to think that the whole expression could be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Gracias!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ha sido una cosa de nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to &quot;de nada&quot; being the most important part of the whole expression, the one remarking that the thing done has no value, it is the part that remains nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T08:07:28.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20128" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20130" CreationDate="2017-03-15T08:22:13.327" Score="3" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does &amp;quot;[quitar los maullidos de la boca]&amp;quot; mean interrupt the character which happens to be a cat, or say something before he got a chance to say it, as in the phrase &amp;quot;steal my thunder&amp;quot;. Also is there a human equivalent of the phrase? It appears often in &amp;quot;Historia de un gaviota&amp;quot; by Luis Sepulveda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secretario, recuérdeme que debo organizar una batida contra esos&#xA;devoradores de Masacar... Masgacar..., en fin, ya usted sabe a qué me&#xA;refiero —maulló Colonello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Madagascar —precisó Secretario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Siga,&#xA;siga quitándome los maullidos de la boca. Porca miseria! — exclamó&#xA;Colonello. —Te echaremos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T08:57:54.073" Title="What does the phrase &quot;quitar los maullidos de la boca&quot; mean in Historia de una Gaviota by Luis Sepúlveda" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20100" CreationDate="2017-03-15T08:56:36.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE existe la sección &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/contenido/cita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modo de cita&lt;/a&gt; que da indicaciones precisas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA: Diccionario de la lengua española, 23.ª ed., [versión 23.3 en línea]. &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;https://dle.rae.es&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; [Fecha de la consulta].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para una visión más general, cabe destacar que en la web de la Real Academia Española, sección &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/preguntas-frecuentes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Preguntas frecuentes&lt;/a&gt;, hay un imagen-enlace con el título &amp;quot;Citas y reproducciones&amp;quot;. Nos lleva a la web &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.conlicencia.com/rae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.conlicencia.com/rae&lt;/a&gt;, donde no dan explicaciones sobre el estilo a usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;angus &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20100/c%C3%B3mo-citar-drae-en-l%C3%ADnea-en-un-art%C3%ADculo-t%C3%A9cnico-2017#comment30382_20100&quot;&gt;mencionó&lt;/a&gt; en los comentarios la entrada de blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://blognisaba.wordpress.com/2011/04/24/apa-cmo-citar-el-diccionario-de-la-real-academia-en-lnea/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;APA: cómo citar el diccionario de la Real Academia en línea&lt;/a&gt;. Navegando en ella, nos encontramos con una detallada explicación sobre la metodología de la American Psychological Association (APA), que parece ser la más extendida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se cita el DRAE en APA?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No podemos pasar a hacer el modelo del DRAE sin ver el ejemplo que aporta el mismo manual del APA en donde se emplea precisamente esta obra en el ejemplo 28, una obra en lengua distinta del inglés cuyo título ha sido traducido. Lo reproduzco tal cual, solo por fidelidad a la fuente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española. (2001). Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (22nd ed.). Madrid, Spain: Author.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego, si traducimos esto al español y le aplicamos nuestras propias reglas ortográficas, tendríamos esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española. (2001). Diccionario de la lengua española (22.a ed.). Madrid, España: Autor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego sigue con la parte que responde explícitamente a tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se cita el DRAE en línea?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez vistos los modelos de APA, la respuesta es en realidad muy sencilla. La referencia bibliográfica del diccionario en línea de la RAE se vería así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española. (2001). Diccionario de la lengua española (22.a ed.). Consultado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una entrada del mismo diccionario, se vería así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española. (2001). Disquisición. En Diccionario de la lengua española (22.a ed.). Recuperado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=disquisici%F3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&amp;amp;LEMA=disquisici%F3n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué edición y año es el actual? En su página &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE enlaza un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Ediciones_DRAE_17-10-2014.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pdf&lt;/a&gt; con la lista de todas las ediciones y su año de publicación. Allí vemos que la edición más actual (a marzo de 2017) es la 23.ª, que fue editada en 2014. Por tanto, diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Academia Española. (2014). Diccionario de la lengua española (23.ª ed.). Consultado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/rae.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré por cierto una web que genera la citaciones automáticamente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cva.itesm.mx/biblioteca/pagina_con_formato_version_oct/apa.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cva.itesm.mx/biblioteca/pagina_con_formato_version_oct/apa.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-26T09:23:00.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20128" CreationDate="2017-03-15T08:57:54.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, indeed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RUl938s#BvSIYlc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quitarle&lt;/strong&gt; alguien a otra persona &lt;strong&gt;la palabra&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;las palabras, de la boca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Decir lo mismo que estaba a punto de expresar su interlocutor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the original expression, that means that someone has said exactly the same that other person was going to say. That is the case with the cat, who cannot say &quot;Madagascar&quot; properly, and when Secretario corrects him, Colonello says that he was going to say precisely that (well, in a sarcastic way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T08:57:54.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20131" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20132" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" Score="0" Body="Questions about quotations, a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:44:27.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20134" CreationDate="2017-03-15T11:41:09.660" Score="5" ViewCount="4386" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.publico.es/vicenc-navarro/2017/03/15/quien-acosa-a-quien-la-desverguenza-de-el-pais/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; me topé con el siguiente título de sección:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;A dónde&lt;/strong&gt; va ‘El País’?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inicialmente pensé que era erróneo y ya buscaba el botón de &quot;editar&quot; para corregirlo por un &lt;em&gt;adónde&lt;/em&gt; todo junto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Adónde&lt;/strong&gt; va ‘El País’?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me entró la duda. Al fin y al cabo, los periódicos tienen correctores y algún motivo tendrían para escribirlo así. Por tanto, ¿es lo mismo usar &quot;a dónde&quot; que &quot;adónde&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T12:09:35.493" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:42:57.617" Title="¿Es lo mismo usar &quot;a dónde&quot; que &quot;adónde&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20133" CreationDate="2017-03-15T11:41:09.660" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es lo mismo usar &lt;em&gt;adónde&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;a dónde&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como explica el RAE en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wFbvYdpRYD6ESQMlOO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adónde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. Adverbio interrogativo o exclamativo que significa ‘a qué lugar’. Es tónico y por ello se escribe con tilde, a diferencia del adverbio relativo adonde (→ adonde). Introduce enunciados interrogativos o exclamativos directos y subordinadas interrogativas o exclamativas indirectas: «¿Y adónde llegaremos?» (Ocampo Cornelia [Arg. 1988]); «¡Adónde vamos a ir a parar, señores!» (Cossa Criado [Arg. 1986]); «No sé adónde ir» (NHerald [EE. UU.] 9.4.97); ¡Mira adónde nos ha llevado tu intransigencia! &lt;strong&gt;No hay razones para censurar la escritura de este adverbio en dos palabras, documentada desde siempre en todo tipo de textos; así pues, son igualmente aceptables las grafías adónde y a dónde&lt;/strong&gt;: «Esas seducciones, ¿qué significaban, a dónde conducían?» (Edwards Anfitrión [Chile 1987]); «No sé a dónde queréis llegar los dos» (BVallejo Trampas [Esp. 1994]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con esta idea, en la entrada del RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0o0YuK7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adónde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De a&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; y dónde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adv. interrog. dónde (‖ a qué lugar). &lt;em&gt;¿Adónde me llevas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. excl. dónde (‖ a qué lugar). &lt;em&gt;¡Adónde vas con tantas cosas!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos podrían ser también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿A dónde me llevas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;¡A dónde vas con tantas cosas!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como explica Gustavson en los comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo querría acotar que a veces sólo &quot;a dónde&quot; es posible, y esto ocurre cuando es término de preposición en complementos de régimen, por ej.: &lt;em&gt;El alquiler será acorde a dónde quieras vivir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T19:42:57.617" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:42:57.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20120" CreationDate="2017-03-15T17:47:31.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All these verbs actually have &lt;strong&gt;more than one&lt;/strong&gt; meaning that is valid regardless of the tense. But also one of these meanings expresses &lt;strong&gt;a state&lt;/strong&gt; (to know, can, want, all are somehow stable in time and expected to be currently valid) and one expresses &lt;strong&gt;a change&lt;/strong&gt; of state or a less stable situation that was only &lt;strong&gt;valid for a short time&lt;/strong&gt; (to meet, find out, manage to do, try).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the uses of &lt;em&gt;preterit&lt;/em&gt; tense (Spanish &lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto simple&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;) is to express &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=MkeCAwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT47&amp;amp;ots=CTwhf7wvA_&amp;amp;dq=pasado%20que%20no%20necesariamente%20est%C3%A1n%20relacionadas%20con%20el%20estado%20de%20hechos%20de%20la%20situaci%C3%B3n%20presente.&amp;amp;pg=PT47#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;single actions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that took place and were completed in the past, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pret%C3%A9rito_perfecto_simple&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not necessarily related&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;to the current state&lt;/strong&gt; of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the verbs mentioned above, the use of the preterit makes the meaning related to a current state less likely, while the meaning related to change or instant actions becomes more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of all the four examples, &lt;strong&gt;I think the one with &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; is the most ambiguous&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UnvXEIb%7CUnz1d3h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE (entry &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; (to try) is among &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;'s secondary meanings (see n. 5). This fact creates room for what I described above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;code&gt;fue imposible&lt;/code&gt;, stands in contrast with &lt;code&gt;quise evitarlo&lt;/code&gt; by means of the adversative conjunction &lt;code&gt;pero&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;em&gt;It was impossible&lt;/em&gt; may be seen as implying you actually tried. But it is not wrong to read it the other way: you couldn't try, but you only wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T17:47:31.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20137" CreationDate="2017-03-15T20:32:45.467" Score="3" ViewCount="923" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uno de mis clientes de Guatemala no entendió lo que es un susurro, pero sí entendió &lt;em&gt;cuchicheo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;a whisper&quot; en inglés). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué otras regiones se usa el verbo cuchichear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15218" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T22:34:22.920" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T10:25:14.880" Title="Cuchichear - ¿Dónde se usa y qué significa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;guatemala&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20136" CreationDate="2017-03-15T21:42:07.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Creo esta respuesta wiki para que aportemos en que regiones se usa la palabra cuchicheo y como se usa.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuchicheo se usa en las siguientes regiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hablar en voz baja y con apuro (acompáñese definición con gesto manual de abrir y cerrar la boca); suele implicar chismorreo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se usa y además de sinónimo de susurro (whisper) es sinónimo de chisme (gossip) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Igual que en Colombia, pero también se aplica a las conversaciones románticas aunque no sean en voz baja. En el campo se usa mucho la forma &quot;cuchuchiar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Igual que en Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guatemala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Susurro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Susurrar o chismear (en voz baja).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Bochinchear, hacer alboroto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T10:25:14.880" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T10:25:14.880" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-15T21:42:07.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20138" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T23:13:40.377" Score="6" ViewCount="2813" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Boquiabierto&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;boca&lt;/em&gt; (abierta). ¿Cómo se le nombra a la conversión &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;boca&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;boqui-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o, en otras palabras, a la forma de &lt;em&gt;boqui&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-17T11:06:32.933" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T11:06:32.933" Title="¿Cómo se llama la forma derivada de boca en la palabra boquiabierto?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2019-07-22T06:39:55.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T23:32:54.220" Score="5" ViewCount="9620" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre desconocidos que nos cruzamos en Twitter surgió la pregunta de si nos sonaba (bien o mal) la expresión “ir de alguien”, que funciona igual que “ir a lo de alguien”, ambas con el significado de “ir a la casa de alguien”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana voy [a lo] de mis viejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estoy por ir [a lo] de un amigo, ¿me acompañás?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fui [a lo] del zapatero; todavía no terminó con mis botas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de una rápida búsqueda concluyo que “ir a lo de alguien” es por lo menos un modismo rioplatense y muy posiblemente aparezca en algunos otros dialectos; “ir de alguien”, no obstante, le resulta extraño a unos cuantos argentinos, aunque lo hayan oído (algunos lo asocian con el habla coloquial del interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires o del litoral). La dispersión de los interlocutores me impide hacer una encuesta, por supuesto. Algunos indican que se trata de un italianismo, otros apuntan a calcos del francés o del gallego, en fin: un festival de folklore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Emplean ustedes estas expresiones (&lt;em&gt;ir a lo de&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;ir de&lt;/em&gt;), o al menos una de ellas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Saben ustedes de dónde provienen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T13:23:07.127" LastActivityDate="2021-01-16T14:47:47.517" Title="Ir de alguien / Ir a lo de alguien" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20120" CreationDate="2017-03-15T23:47:54.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;To try&quot; en español puede significar querer, pero con problemas fenomenológicos . Intentar, incluso el verbo tratar (treat or to be addressed), son opciones más viables a mi entender.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerde siempre tener en cuenta que la intención de la acción es importante, pero para estos casos hay que considerar el cómo o dónde se desarrolla acción del verbo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien dice &quot;quise&quot; en vez de &quot;intenté&quot;, sí hay diferencias importantes. &#xA;Quise: tuve la intención de realizar una acción cualquiera.&#xA;Intenté: realicé la acción, sin importar si fue exitosa o no su finalización. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, en mi humilde opinión, el recuadro tiene un problema al situar la conjugación de querer, quise, como traducción de To Try. La acción es diferente, siendo más adecuado To want, wanted. O bien en el sentido emocional, romántico o afectivo de querer en cuanto a to love. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción, a mi parecer correcta, de &quot;to try&quot; en el transitivo debería ser &quot;intenté&quot;. Incluso, un verbo más intermedio entre ambos conceptos que expongo, podría ser &quot;to attempt&quot;, que sería lo más correcto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos cordiales.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T23:47:54.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20139" CreationDate="2017-03-16T00:01:07.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile, Colombia, España y Perú, suena muy mal al oído esa sintaxis que planteas. Lo que se usa más formalmente en los mencionados lugares es: ir donde (...). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir &quot;Estoy por ir de un amigo&quot;, está completamente mal. El verbo toma una ambivalencia que induce a la confusión. Ir de un amigo, quiere decir la partida de éste, dicho de forma infinitivo, y si antepones una estructura en primera persona singular, pierde total coherencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;algunos ejemplos. &#xA;Estoy por ir donde un amigo. &#xA;Vamos a la casa de Pedro / Vamos donde Pedro. &#xA;Vamos a la plaza. &#xA;Vamos a lo de la plaza (entendido que van a la actividad de la plaza, no precisamente a la locación física). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto siempre será armar una estructura completa:&#xA;Estoy por ir a la casa de un amigo.&#xA;Vamos a la actividad de la plaza. &#xA;Vamos a la fiesta en (la) casa de Pedro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, en Twitter, se dan ciertas licencias de contracción extrema del lenguaje, por el formato en que se da el espacio de escritura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero te ayude mi humilde sugerencia. &#xA;Saludos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T13:22:37.727" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T13:22:37.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20138" CreationDate="2017-03-16T00:05:37.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que usted se refiere a las palabras compuestas formadas por un sustantivo y un verbo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existen otras estructuras compuestas, tales como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sustantivo + Sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: bocacalle, compraventa, mapamundi, hombre araña, niño prodigio, palabra clave.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este caso, algunas se escriben juntas y otras, separadas. En el&#xA;  primer caso, para hacer el plural, se pluraliza la última palabra&#xA;  (bocacalles, compraventas, mapamundis); en el segundo caso, se&#xA;  pluraliza solamente la primera (hombres araña, niños prodigio,&#xA;  palabras clave).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sustantivo + Adjetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: pelirrojo, boquiabierta, padrenuestro, arco iris, camposanto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjetivo + Sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: mediodía, altorrelieve, medianoche.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verbo + Sustantivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: correcaminos, sacacorchos, trabalenguas, pasatiempo, tentempié.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjetivo + Adjetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: altibajo, hispano parlante, iberoamericano, bienvenido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adverbio + Adjetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: bienvenido, malhablada, malquerida, bienamada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verbo +Verbo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: correveidile, tejemaneje.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pronombre + Verbo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ej.: cualquiera, quienquiera, quehacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Plurales: cualesquiera, quienesquiera (únicos casos en que la palabra compuesta se rompe para pluralizar la primera parte)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://salonhogar.net/salones/espanol/1-3/palabras_compuestas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://salonhogar.net/salones/espanol/1-3/palabras_compuestas.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T07:59:23.567" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T07:59:23.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20093" CreationDate="2017-03-16T00:47:27.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español tiene una fuerte raíz cristiana católica, por lo que tu pregunta se responde por palabras con alusiones eclesiásticas del medioevo, llevadas del latín al castellano moderno. Por eso, creo, el verbo amar, estaría por sobre todo los ejemplos que pones. Pero con reservas a la intención buena y adecuada, por otro lado, en lo coloquial, para algo lascivo o dañino, obsesionar se ajusta bien. &#xA;Pero encontrarás más adjetivos que verbos, para un efecto ambivalente entre amar y obsesionar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;magnífico, ca Del lat. magnifĭcus.&#xA;  1. adj. Espléndido, suntuoso.&#xA;  2. adj. Excelente, admirable.&#xA;  3. adj. U. como título de honor para algunas personas ilustres y hoy, en España, para los rectores universitarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra palabra muy poco usada en el español hablado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;magnanimidad Del lat. magnanimĭtas, -ātis.&#xA;  1. f. Grandeza y elevación de ánimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe un verbo/adjetivo/sustantivo que sí se usa en español, pero no es de lengua castellana, sino del griego, que está por sobre toda referencia a los majestuoso, superior, deseable, amable (amar), bello e iluminado, y demás sinónimos en escala de importancia: Tōd. Este concepto, en la fenomenología, filosofía y teología, hace referencia a &quot;lo bello de lo bello&quot;. Tiene una aplicación en la estética, por lo que bien vale para referirse al gusto por algo de forma exacerbada y fuera de este mundo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T00:47:27.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20139" CreationDate="2017-03-16T01:14:16.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debo decir que para mí &quot;lo de X (alguien)&quot; es correcto para referirse al lugar donde vive o trabaja alguien. Aquí he encontrado una referencia en una gramática. No será la NGLE, pero al menos da cuenta del fenómeno (es una gramática publicada en España en 2005): &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CfBPcmsqqe8C&amp;amp;pg=PA195&amp;amp;lpg=PA195&amp;amp;dq=%22en%20lo%20de%22%20gramatica&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=gPErAjVRyr&amp;amp;sig=MRVxy9xKjeR8LWhsYfcHGDmDmsk&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjnqOnO59nSAhVEvJAKHYieB3kQ6AEIJzAD#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22en%20lo%20de%22%20gramatica&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uso de &quot;en lo de&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso que no puedan abrir el enlace, aquí pueden ver la imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lT3YC.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lT3YC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;en lo de&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como argentino, oigo todo el tiempo &quot;ir de alguien&quot; o &quot;estar de alguien&quot;, que, aunque no gramaticales, sin duda son, en el habla coloquial, formas apocopadas del correcto &quot;ir &lt;strong&gt;a lo de&lt;/strong&gt; alguien&quot; o &quot;estar &lt;strong&gt;en lo de&lt;/strong&gt; alguien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al uso de &quot;donde&quot;, lo encuentro incorrecto así como Pablo Baeza encuentra &quot;en/a lo de&quot; incorrecto. En un Diccionario de Dudas Gramaticales en Internet, tal vez argentino, encuentro esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eK6jI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eK6jI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Donde&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, como reza el dicho, &quot;cada maestro con su librito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T01:14:16.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20148" CreationDate="2017-03-16T01:56:59.007" Score="5" ViewCount="15668" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he tenido la suerte de charlar con uno de los vicepresidentes de mi empresa, que nos ha dado algunas ideas sobre cosas a tener en cuenta en una presentación. Uno de los puntos que ha cubierto ha sido tener en cuenta los &lt;code&gt;pet-peeves&lt;/code&gt; de tu audiencia (y era la primera vez que yo oía este término en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él explicaba que, por ejemplo, su &lt;em&gt;pet-peeve&lt;/em&gt; es que no soporta erratas, y si tienes una palabra mal escrita en tu presentación a él le va a cantar mucho. Advertía también que el CEO de la empresa tiene otra &quot;pet-peeve&quot; y es que no soporta que las &lt;em&gt;slides&lt;/em&gt; o diapositivas que usas en una presentación no estén numeradas, porque le gusta referirse a ellas por el número, en plan &quot;Vuelve a la diapositiva número 6&quot; o &quot;Enséñame otra vez la gráfica de la 8&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí deduzco que &quot;pet-peeves&quot; puede ser desde &lt;code&gt;manías&lt;/code&gt; hasta &lt;code&gt;preferencias personales&lt;/code&gt;, pero la verdad es que solo tenía esos dos ejemplos para entender ese término, que era nuevo para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después lo he buscado en internet, pero sitios como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=pet%20peeve&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; ofrecen un montón de posibilidades distintas (la mejor de ellas sería &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4YtTXec&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aversión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que me parece un poco fuerte para este contexto, ya que &quot;aversión&quot; se parece más a &quot;fobia&quot; que a &quot;incomodidad/preferencia&quot;) que no parecen respaldar el uso que he visto que se hacía del término en mi reunión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es una traducción apropiada para &lt;em&gt;pet-peeve&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T07:18:20.930" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:38:49.240" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;pet peeves&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20147" CreationDate="2017-03-16T04:10:26.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;to peeve&lt;/em&gt; significa principalmente &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;molestar&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;irritar&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; , con fuerte toques de &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;enfadar&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;enojar&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (especialmente cuando se usa como participio: &lt;em&gt;to be peeved&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;quedar enfadado por algo que te molesta&lt;/em&gt;).  Pero un &lt;em&gt;pet-peeve&lt;/em&gt; es algo muy personal (por eso lo de &lt;em&gt;pet&lt;/em&gt;, algo que te pertenece a ti) y no suele molestar a otros, o por lo menos no les molesta al punto de enojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mencionas manía que no me parece completamente mal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;manía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Preocupación caprichosa y a veces extravagante por un tema o cosa determinados. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Afición exagerada por alguien o algo. […] || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;ojeriza&lt;/strong&gt; […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que &lt;em&gt;manía&lt;/em&gt; no indica, por sí solo, una aversión maniaca (otra palabra que mencionas) y puede ser una afición, como indica la 2.ª acepción.  No obstante, como nos indica la 3.ª acepción, puede implicar enojo —aunque es cierto que algo ojeriza suele ser hacia una persona y un &lt;em&gt;pet-peeve&lt;/em&gt; suele ser hacia una acción—.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando en los verbos que ya mencioné que caben en el significado de &lt;em&gt;to peeve&lt;/em&gt;, lo que más me llega a la menta es &lt;em&gt;fastidiar&lt;/em&gt;, que parece englobar estos conceptos bastante bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fastidiar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Enfadar, disgustar o ser molesto a alguien. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; coloq. Ocasionar daño material o moral. || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr. desus.&lt;/em&gt; Causar asco o hastío. &lt;em&gt;Era u. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt; […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, lo que necesitaríamos es algo &lt;em&gt;que nos fastidie (personalmente)&lt;/em&gt;, y desafortunadamente, aunque &lt;em&gt;fastidio&lt;/em&gt; existe, es el sentimiento causado, y no lo que fastidia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí, buscando en un diccionario de sinónimos, para ver si podría encontrar una palabra sinónima que tenga un sustantivo que signifique la acción que X (en vez del sentimiento provocado de X), encontré algunos que parecen encajar más o menos bien con la idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;joroba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Giba, corcova, chepa. || &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Impertinencia y molestia enfadosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;joroba&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;interj. eufem. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; U. para expresar irritación, enfado, asombro, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hastío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Repugnancia a la comida. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;disgusto&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ fastidio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desazonar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Disgustar, enfadar, desabrir el ánimo. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jeringar&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Molestar o enfadar. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas estas, los que más me parecen tener algo que ver con un &lt;em&gt;pet-peeve&lt;/em&gt; o el verbo &lt;em&gt;to peeve&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;em&gt;jeringar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;joroba&lt;/em&gt;.  Los significados de &lt;em&gt;joroba&lt;/em&gt; me parecen más coincidentes, pero (que sepa yo) no hay una palabra establecida para indicar algo que jorobe.  Una &lt;em&gt;jorobadura&lt;/em&gt; es la acción en sí, &lt;em&gt;jorobeta&lt;/em&gt; es el resultado de ser jorobado, y &lt;em&gt;joroba&lt;/em&gt; es el sentimiento de estar jorobeta/jorobado.  En tal caso, quizás se le podría aplicar un sufijo agente como &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-dor&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-nte&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; pero no creo que goce de gran uso en esta forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;jeringar&lt;/em&gt;, es posible que, por la acepción de &lt;em&gt;jeringa&lt;/em&gt; se podría usar tal cual, aunque normalmente parece referir al sentimiento (~joroba), pero sí está registrado &lt;em&gt;jeringador&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que se puede usar como sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, llamarlo un &lt;em&gt;jeringador&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;jorobador&lt;/em&gt; tampoco creo que capture bien el efecto (si bien captura la idea).  Quizás mejor sería llamarlo un &lt;em&gt;fastídiame&lt;/em&gt; pero tal vez puedas pensar en otra forma que ya existe para indicar tal tipo de cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T02:38:49.240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:38:49.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20147" CreationDate="2017-03-16T07:47:24.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre una preferencia personal y una manía es que las segundas te causan irritación si alguien hace algo que va en contra de tu manía. Por ejemplo: si tu preferencia personal es no cometer faltas de ortografía, tú procurarás no cometerlas pero si otros las cometen, pues lo entenderás y no le darás mayor importancia. Pero si es una manía, las faltas de ortografía de los demás te causarán irritación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;Urban dictionary&lt;/em&gt; la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=pet%20peeve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pet peeve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; viene definida así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An irritating experience caused by others in which you cannot control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso se parece bastante al término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OD12Tcb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;preocupación caprichosa y a veces extravagante por un tema o cosa determinados&quot;), la diferencia es que la manía parece ser lo que hace que una experiencia te cause irritación, y un &lt;em&gt;pet peeve&lt;/em&gt; es la experiencia en sí que te causa dicha irritación. De hecho, es posible que algo te ocasione un &lt;em&gt;pet peeve&lt;/em&gt; sin necesidad de tener una manía por el tema que te ha causado la experiencia irritante. En todo caso, no veo mal el traducir &lt;em&gt;pet peeve&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;manía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción es que se pueda traducir como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dv4ezVh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disgusto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sentimiento, pesadumbre e inquietud causados por un accidente o una contrariedad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Fastidio, tedio o enfado que causa alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre todo esta segunda definición parece encajar bastante con la definición del &lt;em&gt;Urban dictionary&lt;/em&gt;. O si no directamente, dando un rodeo: un &lt;em&gt;pet peeve&lt;/em&gt; sería un &lt;em&gt;motivo de disgusto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como alternativa, y siendo un poco laxos, igual se podría traducir &lt;em&gt;pet peeves&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;malos rollos&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Se podría decir que una presentación llena de faltas de ortografía te da &lt;em&gt;mal rollo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T07:47:24.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20154" CreationDate="2017-03-16T08:14:42.017" Score="3" ViewCount="2931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Albergues, hospicios o internados hay de varios tipos: sitios donde se practica la educación básica, donde hay dormitorios y donde los niños no salen hasta su adolescencia o mayoría de edad, algunos porque fueron abandonados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros sitios de asistencia social donde los padres dejan (a veces voluntariamente y otras obligados por el gobierno) a los hijos todos los días de la semana (o durante meses) porque sus hogares no cuentan con las condiciones o por problemas de violencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los niños que crecen en estos lugares, en México, se les llama despectivamente &quot;&lt;code&gt;pelón de hospicio&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, porque los rapan para evitar problemas de piojos. La misma frase se usa para referirse a las personas en la vida cotidiana, por ejemplo cuando alguien come muy rápido se le dice &lt;code&gt;&quot;comes como pelón de hospicio&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que en Inglaterra hay un dicho particular. Quisiera saber si en América Latina, Alemania, España u otros sitios tienen un nombre similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese nombre puede ser tan local como deba ser, por ejemplo, si en una ciudad que conozcan existe un centro llamado &lt;strong&gt;El arbolito&lt;/strong&gt; podrían referirse a los niños problemáticos como &lt;em&gt;seguro son niños del Arbolito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T08:58:20.823" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T10:40:08.777" Title="¿Qué nombres reciben los niños de los albergues?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20160" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:23:04.790" Score="1" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy tratando de traducir esta frase de inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I was in school, the easiest points were the ones I had to learn by heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedo usar el imperfecto para todos los verbos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estaba en la escuela, los puntos más fáciles eran los que tenía que aprender de memoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy confundido, por qué no podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estaba en la escuela, los puntos más fáciles fueron los que tuve que aprender de memoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda parte de la frase parece &quot;una acción que sucede en mitad de otra en el pasado&quot;. ¿Me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14051" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T10:59:22.947" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:06:27.493" Title="Indefinido o imperfecto: acción que sucede en mitad de otra en el pasado" Tags="&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:28:59.330" Score="4" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de la RAE tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OC1auaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mangar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;manga&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. p. us. Vestir una prenda de mangas. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando el prefijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VFxyLmQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;re-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de &quot;hacia atrás&quot;, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vs0YRuj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remangar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Levantar, recoger hacia arriba las mangas o la ropa. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también existe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3iYJmMr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arremangar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. remangar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta inclusión de &quot;arr-&quot; al principio de la palabra no es exclusiva de este verbo, ya que existen también &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3gvMxDk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrebañar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;rebañar&quot;), &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3hKzUeU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrebozar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &quot;rebozar&quot;) y otras. No estoy seguro de si lo que se pone delante del verbo es un simple prefijo &lt;em&gt;a-&lt;/em&gt; que hace que se duplique la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, o si es más bien un prefijo &lt;em&gt;arre-&lt;/em&gt; delante del verbo original. ¿Podría tener algo que ver con el &lt;em&gt;-arr-&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;nubarrón&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;bicharraco&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O es simplemente una variante coloquial del prefijo &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Qué hace que se formen estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T09:14:40.367" Title="Etimología de verbos como &quot;arremangar&quot; y &quot;arrebañar&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20150" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:43:50.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una pregunta que, efectivamente, puede tener multitud de respuestas posibles según la región. Aquí en España hay un colegio de internados muy famoso (al menos en la zona de Andalucía) que se llama &lt;a href=&quot;http://colegiocampillos.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Campillos&lt;/a&gt;. Ellos mismos lo dicen en su artículo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://colegiocampillos.com/el-internado-mas-famoso-de-espana/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El internado más famoso de España&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«¡Te voy a mandar interno a Campillos!» Era una de las frases más amenazadoras que podía dedicar un padre a su hijo hace algunos años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de hecho, cuando yo estudiaba en el colegio conocí a niños que acabaron yendo a Campillos internados. Así que frases que te podrían servir en el caso de España podrían ser del tipo &quot;ese es de Campillos fijo&quot; o &quot;va a acabar en Campillos&quot;. Nótese en todo caso que en este caso la expresión solo aplicaría para niños problemáticos, pero no para los abandonados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T09:43:50.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20150" CreationDate="2017-03-16T10:40:08.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen palabras para referirse a los niños criados en este tipo de establecimientos, derivadas de los nombres que reciben los mismos. Así, de &lt;em&gt;hospicio&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KhNlzoQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hospiciano&lt;/a&gt;, y de &lt;em&gt;inclusa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LFSvW6y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;inclusero&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras se pueden considerar despectivas; pero no por la intención de las palabras en sí, sino por la discriminación que han venido sufriendo estos niños. En realidad, son palabras neutras: hay un torero, por ejemplo, que usa como nombre artístico &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_T%C3%A9bar_P%C3%A9rez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Inclusero&lt;/a&gt; por haberse criado en uno de estos lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T10:40:08.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20147" CreationDate="2017-03-16T12:07:08.657" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para aportar otra, yo uso mucho la palabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QRRqVTJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acort. de neurastenia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. adj. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Muy nerviosa, obsesiva y maniática. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;manía&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ preocupación extravagante). Tiene muchas fobias y neuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;nerviosismo&lt;/strong&gt;. Siempre que le da la neura, se marcha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para ser justos con lo de &amp;quot;pet&amp;quot;, mascota, yo le agregaría &lt;em&gt;favorita&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;preferida&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neura favorita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mía son los silbidos, sorry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T12:07:08.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20157" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20159" CreationDate="2017-03-16T14:15:46.743" Score="10" ViewCount="1800" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente me ha dado por traducir las &lt;a href=&quot;http://FAQ%20for%20Stack%20Exchange%20sites&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;FAQ para Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt; al español para Stack Overflow en español. Hoy estaba traduciendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/81681/209901&quot;&gt;Why is the edit button disabled?&lt;/a&gt; cuando me topé con la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the past no &quot;edit&quot; link would be shown at all; since July 2012 the edit link &lt;a href=&quot;//meta.stackexchange.com/questions/91172/always-show-the-edit-button-on-questions/138944#138944&quot;&gt;is disabled&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;the mouse hover tooltip will explain&lt;/strong&gt; why an edit cannot be suggested, like &quot;Account is not allowed to suggest edits&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y lo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/a/1580/83&quot;&gt;traduje&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el pasado, no aparecía el enlace &lt;em&gt;editar&lt;/em&gt;; desde julio de 2012 dicho enlace &lt;a href=&quot;//meta.stackexchange.com/questions/91172/always-show-the-edit-button-on-questions/138944#138944&quot;&gt;aparece inhabilitado&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;al pasar el ratón por encima un &lt;em&gt;tooltip&lt;/em&gt; explica&lt;/strong&gt; por qué la edición no puede ser sugerida, diciendo por ejemplo &quot;La cuenta no tiene permitido sugerir ediciones&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, no fui capaz de encontrar una palabra española para definir el concepto de &lt;em&gt;tooltip&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;tooltip&lt;/em&gt; es un elemento visual que aparece en la pantalla para dar ayuda a la hora de utilizar algún elemento de la página. Más técnicamente, Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooltip&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;define&lt;/a&gt; define este concepto como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The tooltip or infotip or a hint is a common graphical user interface element. It is used in conjunction with a cursor, usually a pointer. The user hovers the pointer over an item, without clicking it, and a tooltip may appear—a small &quot;hover box&quot; with information about the item being hovered over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y su página hermana en español se titula &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaci%C3%B3n_sobre_herramientas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;información sobre herramientas&lt;/a&gt; y en ella se describe como &lt;em&gt;descripción emergente&lt;/em&gt; (de hecho lo veo ahora al preguntar aquí, al redactar la traducción no llegué tan lejos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece suficientemente descriptivo usar &lt;em&gt;descripción emergente&lt;/em&gt;, pero no dejo de tener la duda: Cuando no se usa directamente en inglés, ¿cómo se usa de forma más generalizada este concepto en castellano? ¿Es &lt;em&gt;descripción emergente&lt;/em&gt; lo suficientemente explicativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T14:42:25.537" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T22:23:58.177" Title="¿&quot;Tooltip&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20104" CreationDate="2017-03-16T16:06:06.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm always pleased to help foreign people to understand our beautiful language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look, it's very easy, let's use as example the word &lt;em&gt;&quot;instalar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; that translated to english is &lt;em&gt;&quot;install&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EXAMPLE: &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to install this in here&quot;&lt;/em&gt; --- &lt;em&gt;&quot;Voy a instalar esto aquí&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I say: &quot;Voy a instalarle esto&quot; it means: &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to install this TO YOU &quot;&lt;/em&gt;  but it can also means: &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to install this TO HER&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to install this TO HIM&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other hand, if I say: &quot;Voy a instalarlo&quot; it means: &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to install it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look that if I use &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in english is like putting the pronoun &lt;em&gt;&quot;it&quot;&lt;/em&gt; at the end.&#xA;But when I use &lt;em&gt;&quot;le&quot;&lt;/em&gt; I'm refering to another person, it can be &lt;em&gt;YOU&lt;/em&gt;, it can be &lt;em&gt;HER&lt;/em&gt; or it can be &lt;em&gt;HIM&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wait a minute! beacuse unfortunately is not that easy because there are some sentences that &quot;le&quot; or &quot;lo&quot; are ok in any context, for example in your sentence &lt;em&gt;&quot;La imagen refuerza ciertos estereotipos comunes en Estados Unidos de negros, pintándoles de ignorantes etc.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is ok to use &lt;em&gt;&quot;le&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;lo&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the sentence. You will only understand what I'm saying living too much time in a spanish speaking country. But for ease of terms you can use the rule I explained above. I hope you have understood me. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14601" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T16:06:06.143" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20157" CreationDate="2017-03-16T22:23:58.177" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para este caso, no considero que sea algo complicado hacer el traslado del concepto del idioma inglés al español. Tomando como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tooltip&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Información sobre herramientas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tooltip&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Descripción emergente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verás, decirlo en español realmente es bastante claro, pero mucho más largo, supongo que esto puede complicar un poco una traducción más directa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, para usarlo directamente me parece que depende mucho del contexto, esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el pasado, no aparecía el enlace editar; desde julio de 2012 dicho enlace aparece inhabilitado y al pasar el ratón por encima un &lt;em&gt;tooltip&lt;/em&gt; explica por qué la edición no puede ser sugerida...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo traduciría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el pasado, no aparecía el enlace editar; desde julio de 2012 dicho enlace aparece inhabilitado y al pasar el ratón por encima se muestra información que  explica por qué la edición no puede ser sugerida...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en su caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el pasado, no aparecía el enlace editar; desde julio de 2012 dicho enlace aparece inhabilitado y al pasar el ratón por encima un cuadro emergente con información que explica por qué la edición no puede ser sugerida...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen, considero que la traducción &lt;em&gt;Información sobre herramientas&lt;/em&gt; lo describe mejor, pero puede haber una pequeña variación para hacer uso al momento de realizar alguna traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T22:23:58.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20151" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:06:27.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de los dos (o tres) verbos en pretérito imperfecto hace que las acciones parezcan simultáneas o paralelas, y ambas dotadas del aspecto durativo del imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando &lt;strong&gt;sucedía&lt;/strong&gt; A, &lt;strong&gt;sucedía&lt;/strong&gt; B. (B comenzó y terminó junto con A, o en un momento indeterminado durante A.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, la irrupción del indefinido (también conocido como pretérito perfecto simple) en un contexto temporal con imperfecto hace que la acción en pretérito perfecto suene como completada en algún momento más preciso durante el lapso descripto por el imperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin mayor contexto, la traducción habitual de la oración en cuestión sería, a mi juicio, la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda sería más probable si en el contexto ya se usó ese tiempo, y en ese caso uno sentiría la tentación de usar el perfecto simple para ambos verbos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo fue que tuviste que aprender de memoria?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tuve&lt;/strong&gt; que aprender de memoria cuando &lt;strong&gt;estaba/estuve&lt;/strong&gt; en la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:06:27.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20162" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:54:06.590" Score="5" ViewCount="655" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi hijo le sigue &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20093/5481&quot;&gt;apasionando&lt;/a&gt; la historia &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_Bear,_Brown_Bear,_What_Do_You_See%3F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brown bear, brown bear, what do you see?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; de Eric Carle. Tiene una copia del libro original en inglés y otra en &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0805069011&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;español&lt;/a&gt; (Oso Pardo, oso pardo, ¿qué ves ahí?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se lo pongo en video, y curiosamente hay tanto &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DmKl9on5Jfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oso pardo, oso pardo...&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3pdqG0XDbg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oso café, oso café&lt;/a&gt;...&quot;. Él a veces me lo pide como &quot;oso pardo&quot; y otras como &quot;oso café&quot;, a pesar de que ni yo (nativo de español de España) ni mi mujer (que habla español como segundo idioma) usamos nunca esta última denominación. Quizá algún día que haya estado viendo videos con la niñera, que es de Colombia, ella haya buscado el video como &quot;Oso café&quot; o leído la historia como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he tenido oportunidad de confirmar con ella si en Colombia se dice &quot;oso café&quot; o no (ella viene una vez por semana unas pocas horas, y es siempre mientras yo estoy fuera trabajando) o si se usa en otros países de Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, lanzo aquí mi pregunta, ¿en qué países se usa &quot;Oso café&quot; en lugar de &quot;Oso Pardo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T13:46:58.410" Title="¿En qué países se usa &quot;oso café&quot; frente a &quot;oso pardo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20161" CreationDate="2017-03-17T07:27:59.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual aquí hace falta una respuesta de tipo &lt;em&gt;community wiki&lt;/em&gt;, pero de momento en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; de la ASALE podemos ver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=caf%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;café&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, Cu, RD, Co, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py, Ar, Ur.&lt;/em&gt; De color café.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;2.    adj/sust. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, Cu, RD, Co, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py, Ar, Ur, Referido a color&lt;/em&gt;, similar al del grano de café tostado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, se podría decir que usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al color es propio de México, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá, Cuba, República Dominicana, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Argentina y Uruguay. Otra cosa ya es que la expresión &lt;em&gt;oso café&lt;/em&gt; sea más usada que &lt;em&gt;oso pardo&lt;/em&gt; en dichos países. Nótese que Colombia, país de origen de tu niñera, está en la lista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante mencionar también que la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pardo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pardo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa, referida a persona, &quot;de tez oscura y rasgos aindiados&quot; en países como Bolivia y Argentina. También en Bolivia y además en Uruguay dice que es una palabra despectiva para referirse a los mulatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T07:27:59.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20164" CreationDate="2017-03-17T07:55:06.317" Score="6" ViewCount="1990" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien ha muerto, en castellano &lt;em&gt;damos el pésame&lt;/em&gt; a las personas próximas a quien se fue. Esto es, ofrecemos nuestro afecto, cariño y apoyo en esos momentos de pena y dolor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sm6AMQp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pésame&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Expresión con que se hace saber a alguien el sentimiento que se tiene de su pena o aflicción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, una palabra sola constituye de por sí una expresión. En particular, se conjuga en modo reflexivo el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmGC3aC%7CSmGsWXw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pesar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Dicho de la razón o el motivo de algo: Hacer fuerza en el ánimo&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Sentimiento o dolor interior que molesta y fatiga el ánimo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece como que venga de la frase completa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me pesa tu dolor tanto como a ti; aquí tienes mi apoyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero tengo curiosidad por saber si este es su origen exacto y en qué punto se acortó tanto para pasar a contener todo el significado de la frase en una sola palabra. ¿Alguien lo conoce?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T09:50:46.073" Title="¿Qué es el &quot;pésame&quot; exactamente?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20163" CreationDate="2017-03-17T09:17:36.583" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma &quot;pésame&quot; se lleva usando desde los orígenes del lenguaje:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Reína doña Tacriça, yo rey Darcón vi vuestra carta, e pésame mucho de lo que me embiastes dezir que érades dolient.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;General Estoria. Primera parte&quot;, c 1275 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un texto un poco más moderno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y pésame mucho que tan grave crimen los infantes de Carrión ayan cometido, y por ende tengo por bien de los mandar emplazar que de oy en tres meses vengan ante mí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Corónica del Çid Ruy Díaz&quot;, 1498 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un siglo más tarde aún se seguía usando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Yo creí que en la Corte os hubieran hecho una estatua, como a hombre famoso, y pésame de veros flaco y pobre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Rufo, &quot;Las seiscientas apotegmas&quot;, 1596 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, durante todo el siglo XVI aún se usa la forma &lt;em&gt;pésame&lt;/em&gt; como verbo para indicar cualquier tipo de pesar que le aflige a uno. No es de extrañar que en ese mismo siglo aparezcan los primeros casos de &lt;em&gt;pésame&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo, expresando con el mismo cualquier frase que comience por dicha palabra para indicar una aflicción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Instrucción del Rey Católico á su capellán Juan de Aponte, fraile de la Orden de Santiago, para dar el pésame á la Duquesa de Sesa y de Terranova y á su hija por la muerte del Gran capitán.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Documentos relativos al Gran Capitán [Cartas del Gran Capitán]&quot;, c 1515 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finalmente digo que muchos se dan el parabién de alguna buena fortuna que querrían más darse el pésame de alguna gran desgracia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Antonio de Guevara, &quot;Menosprecio de corte y alabanza de aldea&quot;, 1539 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la forma por aquel entonces ya era &lt;em&gt;dar el pésame&lt;/em&gt;. La primera aparición de &lt;em&gt;pésame&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo en un diccionario es en el español-francés de Oudin de 1607: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Xlav.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Xlav.png&quot; alt=&quot;Dar el pésame&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verás que distingue entre &quot;el pésame&quot; y la forma verbal &quot;pésame&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T09:50:46.073" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T09:50:46.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20171" CreationDate="2017-03-17T10:50:26.193" Score="4" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tried &quot;argot&quot; and &quot;jerga&quot; and no one seems to understand me. &quot;Modismo&quot; also doesn't count because that seems to be used more for sayings like &quot;An apple a day...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Oye, cuando yo escucho mis grabaciones yo puedo entender cada palabra, pero hay algunas personas, incluido tú, a quien casi nunca entiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A lo mejor es porque estás hablando _________.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T19:18:01.540" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T00:54:02.433" Title="What is the word used in Mexico to mean &quot;slang&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20165" CreationDate="2017-03-17T11:11:14.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jerga&lt;/strong&gt; is the word I always heard and used while living in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If people don't understand you, maybe your pronunciation is off a bit? &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/jerga/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forvo might be of help in that case.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T11:11:14.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20169" CreationDate="2017-03-17T12:55:45.223" Score="8" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las siguientes según el DRAE son &quot;locuciones latinas&quot;, y me parece que son bastante frecuentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bk6QU1r&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;curriculum vitae&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MvluEsL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lapsus linguae&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=00qa1LD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ab aeterno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hábito es pronunciar la [a] de vitae, pero no pronunciar la de linguae, es decir, [bitáe] pero [língwe]. ¿Cuál es la regla al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:15:26.193" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:15:26.193" Title="¿Debo pronunciar la 'a' del grupo 'ae' en locuciones latinas?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;latinismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20168" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20170" CreationDate="2017-03-17T13:18:18.120" Score="7" ViewCount="6101" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español hacemos tres dibujos distintos (&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;qu&lt;/strong&gt;) para representar un mismo sonido (que, según acabo de ver, es el &lt;em&gt;oclusivo velar sordo&lt;/em&gt; /k/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo llegamos a este estado tan confuso y poco económico? De la k me imagino que nos llegó hace poco desde afuera, pero la c y la q están muy metidas en el sistema. Si &quot;cama&quot; y &quot;quema&quot; se diferencian sólo en una vocal, ¿por qué la diferencia ortográfica en una consonante cuyo sonido no cambia? ¿Es que antes correspondían a sonidos distintos que finalmente se redujeron a uno solo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T14:28:02.073" Title="¿Por qué hay c, k y q? ¿Es que alguna vez se pronunciaron distinto?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20167" CreationDate="2017-03-17T13:32:52.870" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Más que una regla precisa, la RAE da un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;criterio general&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se mantiene la pronunciación y grafía original en &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;extranjerismos asentados en el uso internacional en su forma original&lt;/strong&gt;, como&lt;/em&gt; ballet, blues, jazz &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adaptación o la pronunciación o la grafía. Se hace con el objetivo de &lt;em&gt;preservar el alto grado de cohesión entre forma gráfica y pronunciación característico&lt;/em&gt; del castellano. Puede tomar distintas formas, como la adaptación de la grafía (ej. &lt;em&gt;chucrut&lt;/em&gt;) o sólo de la pronunciación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la adaptación de la pronunciación sin la grafía (la RAE propone como ejemplo la pronunciación del anglicismo &lt;em&gt;airbag&lt;/em&gt; como [airbág] en desmedro de [érbag]), en algunos paises de latinoamérica con mayor influencia británica o estadounidense muchos ejemplos nos suenan mal y preferimos no adaptar nada. Creo que en estos países también hay una componente de &lt;em&gt;cultismo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;esnobismo&lt;/em&gt;, si se la mira negativamente), en preferir la pronunciación original en terreno gris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El criterio propuesto resulta ambiguo con los &lt;strong&gt;latinismos&lt;/strong&gt;. Creo que todos los que citas califican como &lt;em&gt;asentados en el uso internacional&lt;/em&gt;, pero las reglas de pronunciación dan lugar a un alcance importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la pronunciación del latín (como idioma, no de los latinismos en particular), desde la Edad Media hasta c. 1900 las reglas de pronunciación del latín eran muy variables según el idioma nativo del que hablaba, y en castellano era universal pronunciar más o menos tal como se lee. Recién en el s. XX se establecieron dos normas de pronunciación &lt;em&gt;universales&lt;/em&gt; del latín: la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eclesiástica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (parecida, pero no igual, a como lo leería un italiano) y la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;reconstruida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (que intenta deducir como se pronunciaba el latín clásico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronunciar el grupo &lt;em&gt;ae&lt;/em&gt; en latín como [e] es característico de la pronunciación eclesiástica, y por razones lógicas es lo más común en el mundo de habla hispana (no así en Alemania o los países de habla inglesa). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como conclusión, y &lt;strong&gt;en respuesta a tu pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;, no diría que hay una regla universal, pero sí que es importante ser coherente: o siempre [e], o siempre [ae] (como diptongo para la pronunciación reconstruida), o siempre [a.e] (como hiato, para la pronunciación castellana anterior al s. XX o si quieres adaptarla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T13:32:52.870" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20168" CreationDate="2017-03-17T14:22:06.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En resumidas cuentas, esto es una herencia del latín, de donde procede nuestro alfabeto y nuestra lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín arcaico se usaban &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; en distintos contextos ortográficos, aunque se pronunciaban igual (oclusiva velar sorda /k/). Viendo esta redundancia y siendo más inteligentes que nosotros, descartaron la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; y se quedaron solo con &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.delcastellano.com/errores-pronunciacion-latin/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; (que en latín se leía siempre /k/)&lt;/a&gt;. La &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; permaneció para unos pocos arcaísmos como &lt;em&gt;kalendae&lt;/em&gt; y poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La grafía &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; sí representaba un sonido distinto, la oclusia labiovelar sorda /kʷ/ (que no es lo mismo que /kw/, que son dos fonemas seguidos). En la evolución del latín al español, nuestra lengua perdió la coarticulación labial (la ʷ, vaya) y por tanto se fusionó con la antigua /k/. El hecho de que sigamos distinguiendo las grafías &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; (y &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; no es más que mero &lt;em&gt;respeto a la etimología&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="9465" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T14:28:02.073" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T14:28:02.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20165" CreationDate="2017-03-18T12:14:34.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish, being such a vocabulary and synonym rich language, you'll find at least three or four different terms that adequately convey the broad  meaning of almost concept that you wish to articulate, however most of the time, there are subtle nuances and implied meanings (connotations) when using different words for the same concept.. Add regionalisms to the mix, and using the &quot;right&quot; word becomes a fun task to say the least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good example: since &lt;strong&gt;Jerga&lt;/strong&gt; certainly conveys the meaning of &lt;em&gt;slang&lt;/em&gt; it is nonetheless a very neutral, &quot;internationalized - standard&quot; word that most people with at least a high-school level vocabulary will understand both in Spain, and Hispanic America. It does, however sound a little &quot;off&quot; in everyday speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more accurate term in common use for 'slang' in México is &lt;strong&gt;Caló&lt;/strong&gt; (There even used to be a rap band named exactly that! &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/TJzl9anrZOs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;/Cubo/ is the PG-13 version of the more slangish and explicit /Culo/ (ass) to which the lyrics obviously refer: /para mover el cubo/hazlo ya/* &quot;&gt;Caló: El Cubo&lt;/a&gt; even though the vocalist &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; rap, the rest of the act is embarrassingly kitsch.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coloquial&lt;/strong&gt; is also a good, standard term for 'slang'. However,&lt;strong&gt;Jerga&lt;/strong&gt; , &lt;strong&gt;Caló&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;Coloquial&lt;/strong&gt; are hardly ever used outside formal linguistic studies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Mexican Spanish speakers will qualify speech as &quot;corriente&quot; (cheap) as in &quot;su forma de hablar es muy corriente / it is a very cheap way of talking&quot;. Mexico City favors the more insular &lt;em&gt;Guarro&lt;/em&gt; but that has a heavy rudeness connotation. Lately, &quot;&lt;em&gt;naco&lt;/em&gt;&quot; has also been used to describe slang, though that has a connotation of ignorance and unsophistication, (usaste una frase muy naca / you used a very kitsch phrase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its probably worth mentioning that at least in Mexico, the very word &quot;Slang&quot; is well understood with the same meaning as in English as a kind of &quot;loan word&quot;. That may not hold true in Central America or Spain, though. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, be safe and use &quot;Coloquial&quot;, or even &quot;Slang&quot;. Or have some fun and try your luck with &lt;em&gt;Naco&lt;/em&gt;, its probably not any worse than whatever actual slang you may be  pointing out =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorDisplayName="user14504" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T00:54:02.433" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T00:54:02.433" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20197" CreationDate="2017-03-18T14:19:35.423" Score="8" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues, eso, que me parece curioso gritar ¡&lt;em&gt;largo&lt;/em&gt;! mientras se apunta a la puerta con el dedo y se mira al perro con odio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE no aparece entre las definiciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MwNMwao&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;largo&lt;/a&gt;, sino más abajo entre las frases y locuciones de uso frecuente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;largo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; interj. U. para mandar a una o más personas que se vayan inmediatamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la entrada del diccionario de &quot;largar&quot; se nos informa que proviene &quot;&lt;em&gt;de largo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. ¿Alguien sabe cuál es la relación entre la &lt;em&gt;longitud&lt;/em&gt; de algo (su &lt;em&gt;largo&lt;/em&gt;) y la acción obligatoria de retirarse de un lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:34:20.463" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;¡largo!&quot; para obligar a alguien a retirarse" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20175" CreationDate="2017-03-18T22:34:04.493" Score="6" ViewCount="5077" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina es común el uso de &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a un grupo de personas no formalmente. ¿Pero entonces &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; sería formal? Hasta donde tengo entendido es demasiado formal (y arcaico), es decir, que no se usaría como plural de 'usted'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T10:02:17.660" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T10:02:17.660" Title="Tratamiento formal plural en Argentina: &quot;vosotros&quot; versus &quot;ustedes&quot;" Tags="&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20174" CreationDate="2017-03-19T02:38:07.140" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vosotros&lt;/em&gt; no se emplea en Argentina, ni siquiera de manera formal. Hace unos cuantos años se lo podía oír aún, junto con las formas posesivas (&lt;em&gt;vuestro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vuestra&lt;/em&gt;, y sus plurales) y las formas verbales de la segunda persona del plural, en la liturgia católica, pero incluso los misales católicos hace tiempo que adoptaron la forma latinoamericana &quot;estándar&quot; con &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; (aunque siguen usando el &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y no el &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; para la forma singular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No existe una manera concisa de indicar un contraste entre formalidad e informalidad en el dialecto rioplatense en la segunda persona del plural; &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; es neutro en cuanto a eso. Vale decir: en singular se dice &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; informalmente y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; formalmente; en plural, sin importar el registro, se usa &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;. Nadie se enojará si se lo nombra de esta manera, por mucha formalidad que exija la ocasión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertos contextos se puede recurrir a reemplazar el pronombre por alguna perífrasis que denote formalidad, como &lt;em&gt;los señores&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;las señoras&lt;/em&gt;, pero no es algo que uno tenga ocasión de escuchar con frecuencia y suena como algo que diría un subordinado (un sirviente, un camarero, un mayordomo) a un grupo de dignatarios. En Argentina la excesiva formalidad al hablar está mal vista en general. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-03-19T15:09:16.983" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T15:09:16.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20185" CreationDate="2017-03-19T03:49:31.357" Score="5" ViewCount="1958" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vesting&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, en el sentido finaciero o legal, es un activo que se te otorga pero del que no puedes ejercer pleno derecho hasta pasado un cierto tiempo o se den unas condiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, cuando comienzas a trabajar para la empresa X, esta te da 100 acciones de la empresa (una forma adicional de remunerarte y una motivación adicional para que te quedes en la empresa y trabajes para que la empresa, y su cotización en bolsa, mejoren). Pero, desde luego, no puedes vender esas acciones el segundo día de empezar a trabajar para X. Aunque nadie te puede quitar esas acciones, no puedes hacer nada con ellas hasta pasado un año, tras el cual te dan el 25% de esas acciones (y así otro 25% cada año, hasta que al cabo de 4 años ya te han otrorgado el 100% de esas acciones que te daban al principio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras el primer año, puedes hacer lo que quieras con esas 25 acciones (bueno, seguramente no del todo, para evitar &lt;em&gt;insider trading&lt;/em&gt; y otras situaciones similares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se pueden encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/vesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciertas sugerencias&lt;/a&gt; para traducir el término en la red, no estoy seguro de que apliquen al caso que he descrito, y esperaba poder encontrar algo de ayuda por aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puede traducirse &lt;code&gt;vesting&lt;/code&gt; (o &lt;code&gt;vested&lt;/code&gt;) al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T13:51:35.617" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T13:51:35.617" Title="Cómo se dice en Español &quot;Vesting&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20178" CreationDate="2017-03-19T09:15:47.390" Score="8" ViewCount="2765" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that 'y' is almost exclusively used, but in some cases 'e' should be used instead. I'm basing this on Duolingo so I'm not sure if it's correct, but here are some examples where it requires 'e':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Padre e hijo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quiero hijos e hijas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the rule for determining when to use 'e' as opposed to 'y'? Is it specifically when talking about family, or is it something else entirely?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15238" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T12:19:38.620" Title="How do you determine whether to use 'y' or 'e' for 'and'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2020-07-06T13:24:28.040" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20177" CreationDate="2017-03-19T10:42:20.567" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use 'y' when there is a hard sound in the noun following or a vowel which isn't 'i'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustan ciencias &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; matemáticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use 'e' for easier pronunciation when there's a 'i' or 'hi' sound after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustan ciencias &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15239" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-07-06T12:19:38.620" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T12:19:38.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20183" CreationDate="2017-03-19T14:41:10.787" Score="2" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo dificultad en formular para mi misma condiciones de uso del pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo después de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt;. He encontrado un montón de ejemplos con los otros tiempos gramaticales (presente de subjuntivo, pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo y pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) pero los ejemplos con el pretérito perfecto no son tan numerosos. &#xA;Como ejemplo os dejo aquí algunas líneas (de unas canciones): &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Aunque hayan pruebas en tu camino no te dejes engañar... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Tú siempre me tendrás atada a este amor, aunque hayas dicho&#xA;  adiós...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Si tuvieseis que traducir oraciones con el pretérito perfecto al inglés, usaríais „would + verbo“ o „would have + participio“? (p.ej. “would say” o “would have said” en la segunda frase)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T16:44:06.000" Title="Aunque con pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20177" CreationDate="2017-03-19T15:42:29.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIVnk2C|EIVzI8t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. conj. copulat. U. en lugar de y ante palabras que empiezan por i o hi.&#xA;       Juan e Ignacio. Padre e hijo. No reemplaza a y en principio de interrogación&#xA;       o admiración, ni cuando la palabra siguiente empieza por y o por la sílaba&#xA;       hie. ¿Y Ignacio? ¡Y Isidoro también comprometido! Ocaña y Yepes.&#xA;       Tigre y hiena. Era u. en lugar de y en cualquier contexto. Música e danza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the exceptions are as stated by @guifa in comments with the addition of the &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; not being replaced by &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; at the start of questions or exclamations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T10:26:39.743" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T10:26:39.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2017-03-19T16:16:50.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si = if&#xA;Sí = yes&#xA;olvidar with V, no B. Those are the only grammatical mistakes, so you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, hablo español, pero he olvidado mucho porque no practico.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if now you have taken it up again, that &quot;no practico&quot; becomes inaccurate. You can then say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, hablo español, pero he olvidado mucho porque hace mucho (tiempo) que no practico.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, hablo español, pero he olvidado mucho porque hacía mucho (tiempo) que no practicaba.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, hablo español, pero he olvidado mucho por falta de práctica.&quot;  &amp;lt;--- my favourite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí, hablo español, pero he olvidado mucho porque no practiqué durante mucho tiempo.&quot;    &amp;lt;--- overly precise... nothing wrong with it, but not so natural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Hablas castellano?&quot;&#xA;&quot;Sí, lo hablo, pero estoy muy olvidado por falta de práctica.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(castellano = the real name of one of the many Spanish languages)&#xA;(lo hablo = I speak it [in reference to Castilian]. A good way to shorten)&#xA;(estar olvidado = dubious construct, but heard often, meaning &quot;to be out of practice&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T16:16:50.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20180" CreationDate="2017-03-19T16:44:06.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;a&quot; es incorrecta. Lo correcto sería &quot;Aunque haya pruebas&quot;. Además, eso no es pretérito perfecto del subjuntivo. Pretérito perfecto sería: &quot;Aunque haya habido&quot; (uso unipersonal del verbo haber, igual que en el presente: hay pruebas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un par de reglas breves que te pueden ayudar:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-subjuntivo/preterito-perfecto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-subjuntivo/preterito-perfecto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la traducción de &quot;b&quot;:&#xA;You will always have me tied/bound to this love, even though you've said goodbye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;would say&quot; no es una opción, porque &quot;haya dicho&quot; se refiere a una acción potencial de finalización reciente, es decir, que es reciente ahora, o que en caso de ocurrir, será reciente cuando ocurra otra.&#xA;La frase &quot;b&quot; es un tanto ambigua y puede entenderse así:&#xA;A pesar de que (recientemente) me has dicho adiós, seguiré atada a este amor.&#xA;Si en el futuro me dices adiós, a continuación de eso, seguiré atada a este amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T16:44:06.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20101" CreationDate="2017-03-20T00:51:51.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modista  respondía al mismo esquema que otras profesiones como taxista, el / la taxista. A principios  del siglo pasado nace el uso de palabra modisto para masculino y se reserva modista para femenino. Es una excepción adquirida de -ista  con género neutro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15246" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T00:51:51.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20176" CreationDate="2017-03-20T01:17:55.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thelawdictionary.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Black's Law Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que es una fuente casi irrefutable en lo que a terminología legal anglosajona se refiere, habla más de &quot;vested interest&quot; como un derecho adquirido de ejercicio futuro. Según este diccionario, el &quot;vested right&quot; tiene más contundencia y actualidad que el &quot;vested interest&quot; y se usa más en derecho constitucional, como derechos propios de las personas. (En cambio, según la definición de wikipedia el &quot;vested interest&quot; es un &quot;vested right&quot; transmisible a terceros.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VESTED INTEREST.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;A present right or title to a thing, which carries with it an existing right of alienation, &lt;strong&gt;even though the right to possession or enjoyment may be postponed to some uncertain time in the future&lt;/strong&gt;, as distinguished from a future right, which may never materialize or ripen into title, and it matters not how long or for what length of time the future possession or right of enjoyment may be postponed, if the present right exists to alientate and pass title.&lt;/em&gt; (negritas con bastardillas mías)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VESTED RIGHTS.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rights which have &lt;strong&gt;so completely and definitely accrued to or settled in a person&lt;/strong&gt; that they are not subject to be defeated or canceled by the act of any other person, and which it is right and equitable that the government should recognize and protect, as being lawful in themselves, and settled according to the then current rules of law, and of which the individual could not be deprived arbitrarily without injustice, or of which he could not justly be deprived otherwise than by the established methods of procedure and for the public welfare.&lt;/em&gt; (negritas con bastardillas mías)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la traducción de &quot;vesting&quot;, creo que necesariamente debe utilizarse un sustantivo indicativo de acción, como &quot;otorgamiento&quot; (otros podrían ser &quot;concesión&quot;, &quot;asignación&quot; o &quot;adjudicación&quot;). Como ocurre con muchos términos propios de otras culturas o, en este caso, legislaciones, a menudo debemos recurrir a frases para su correcta traducción. Si el ejercicio de los derechos en el futuro es seguro, como parece ser el caso de las acciones entregadas a los funcionarios como parte de su remuneración, podríamos hablar de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;otorgamiento de derechos de ejercicio futuro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/law_contracts/775757-oraci%C3%B3n_phrase.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sitio de traductores&lt;/a&gt;). De lo contrario, podríamos hablar de &quot;otorgamiento de derechos contingentes/de ejercicio eventual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T01:55:38.650" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T01:55:38.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20187" CreationDate="2017-03-20T02:44:31.093" Score="5" ViewCount="2174" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas chicos y chicas de spanish.stackexchange, estoy escribiendo un documento académico sobre un trabajo de investigación, tengo que escribir sobre &lt;code&gt;startup&lt;/code&gt;s en un punto y no estoy seguro de cómo debería usar la palabra, traduzco la misma como &quot;Nuevo emprendimiento&quot; pero no me convence, y como no está en la RAE como anglicismo, no estoy seguro de qué deba hacer. &#xA;Además si fuera a usarla, ¿con qué género debería concordar? ¿&lt;code&gt;La&lt;/code&gt; startup? ¿&lt;code&gt;El&lt;/code&gt; startup? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T08:03:56.087" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T10:23:13.633" Title="¿Cómo podría traducir startup?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2017-03-20T03:53:47.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quieres usar el anglicismo es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; startup (femenino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres usar un término en español usa &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_emergente&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Empresa emergente&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, o algunos de los otros aportados en la web enlazada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;empresa emergente &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compañía emergente &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sociedad emergente &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compañía de arranque&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compañía incipiente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una &lt;strong&gt;empresa emergente, compañía emergente, compañía de arranque, compañía incipiente&lt;/strong&gt; (conocido en Hispanoamérica como: &lt;strong&gt;compañía startup&lt;/strong&gt;) es un término utilizado actualmente en el mundo empresarial el cual busca arrancar, emprender o montar un nuevo negocio y hace referencia a ideas de negocios que están empezando o están en construcción, es decir, son empresas emergentes apoyadas en la tecnología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esa razón se usa el femenino con &lt;em&gt;startup&lt;/em&gt;: nos referimos a una empresa o compañía (ambos nombres femeninos) y &lt;em&gt;startup&lt;/em&gt; viene a ser un calificativo que se convierte en nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan ha encontrado trabajo en un&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; (compañí&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;/empres&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;startup&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T04:05:27.050" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T04:05:27.050" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20189" CreationDate="2017-03-20T14:48:05.367" Score="2" ViewCount="646" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición actual del metro como unidad de medida en el DRAE es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P8Tr0Ih&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Unidad de longitud del sistema internacional, que originalmente se estableció como la diezmillonésima (10&lt;sup&gt;−7&lt;/sup&gt;) parte del cuadrante del meridiano terrestre, y hoy, con más precisión, se define como la longitud del trayecto recorrido en el vacío por la luz durante un tiempo de 1/299 792 458 de segundo. (Símb. m).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición parece ser demasiado moderna como para que se registrara así en los diccionarios anteriores. Históricamente, ¿cómo se ha ido definiendo el metro como unidad de medida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T15:26:46.503" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:26:46.503" Title="Históricamente, ¿cómo se ha definido en los diccionarios el &quot;metro&quot; como unidad de medida?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20188" CreationDate="2017-03-20T14:48:05.367" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera aparición del metro como unidad de medida fue en el de la Real Academia de 1852, cuando el metro era aún una extraña unidad de medida del país vecino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FRANCÉS. Medida de esta nacion, que es la base de todas las suyas. Se usa tambien en otras naciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al año siguiente, en 1853, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Nacional&lt;/em&gt; de Ramón Joaquín Domínguez aclara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unidad de medida longitudinal en el nuevo sistema métrico decimal, que se usa en Francia; equivale á una diezmillonésima parte del arco de meridiano terrestre, comprendido entre el polo boreal y el ecuador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición se mantuvo en los siguientes diccionarios. En 1869, la RAE añade un poco más de información añadiendo una conversión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Equivale á poco más de tres piés y medio castellanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Información que el suplemento del diccionario de Domínguez precisaba en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3,5889216 pies castellanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1884 la RAE cambia la conversión pero mantiene la inexactitud:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Equivale á poco más de 43 pulgadas castellanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los siguientes diccionarios mantienen esta última conversión, que la RAE actualiza en 1899 añadiendo por fin algo más de precisión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] equivale á unas 43 pulgadas castellanas, ó sea 3 pies y 59 centésimas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1914 se dan cuenta de que la definición seguía siendo inexacta, y por fin añaden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] calculada para el cuadrante de meridiano que pasa por París [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así ya por fin aclaran que no todos los meridianos sirven. Esta definición se mantiene hasta el diccionario de 1970 incluido. Ya en 1984 deciden que eso de realizar la conversión usando pies y pulgadas está ya más que obsoleto, y la cambian por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los países adheridos a la convención del metro, tiene valor legal una definición en la que se fija la longitud de este en función de la longitud de onda de determinada raya espectral del criptón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguimos con las inexactitudes (&quot;determinada raya espectral&quot;), pero al menos ya se meten en terreno más científico. Tal vez consideraron que demasiado, porque en 1992 quitaron eso del criptón que quedaba demasiado técnico, y lo dejan en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] la cual se determinó dividiendo en diez millones de partes iguales la longitud calculada para el cuadrante de meridiano que pasa por París.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Punto. Ya por fin en 2001 se define el metro usando la misma definición que tiene hoy día, basada en la distancia recorrida por la luz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T14:48:05.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-20T15:08:48.753" Score="4" ViewCount="11613" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cE6n9aZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;yupi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para expresar júbilo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces podemos encontrar textos en los que alguien exclama &quot;¡Yupi!&quot; para denotar alegría. Sin embargo, debe de ser una voz muy reciente porque en el NTLLE no aparece en ningún diccionario anterior. El DRAE tampoco se aventura a dar una etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto más antiguo del CORDE es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nina (Tirando su gorro por el aire.): ¡Yupi! Qué suerte. Acostarse tan tempranito...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio Gala, &quot;Los verdes campos del Edén&quot;, 1963 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y buscando en Ngram encontré un texto de 1959 que, curiosamente, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada de eso: era sencillamente que Fruto estaba contento, y empleaba la exclamación anglosajona «¡Yupi!» para exteriorizar su alegría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Álvaro de Laiglesia, &quot;Obras I&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es realmente importada del inglés la expresión &quot;yupi&quot;? ¿O tiene algún otro origen? ¿Tendrá algo que ver con la exclamación &quot;yippee-ki-yay&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T13:44:09.613" Title="¿De dónde viene la exclamación &quot;yupi&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20198" CreationDate="2017-03-21T00:21:33.423" Score="5" ViewCount="5866" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grampa&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo náutico que aparece en el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/diccionariomarit00madruoft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario marítimo español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de 1831. Ya queda notado que se intercambiaba con &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La DRAE indica que &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; viene &quot;del cat. &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt;, y este del franco *&lt;em&gt;krâppa&lt;/em&gt; 'gancho'&quot;. No da ningún origen distinto para &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt;. Quisiera saber cómo y cuándo se añadió esa &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;, si es que la palabra verdaderamente se derivó de &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son la etimología y origen de &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T06:58:40.363" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T06:58:40.363" Title="Origen de &quot;grampa&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20173" CreationDate="2017-03-21T00:54:38.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En contexto de ubicación, lo largo esta lejos. Aquella longitud no es el juego de lineas verticales del mapa, sino la distancia en si.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un sentido de &lt;em&gt;alargar&lt;/em&gt; en el DRAE es: Ir a un sitio algo más lejano del que antes se pensó. Semejantemente, &lt;em&gt;largar&lt;/em&gt; tiene: Dicho de una persona: Irse o ausentarse con presteza o disimulo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sinónimos del &lt;em&gt;largo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;largo de ahí, o de aquí&lt;/em&gt; aclaran que la longitud se extiende desde el actual sitio del hablador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me queda claro que &lt;em&gt;¡largo!&lt;/em&gt; es análogo al decir &lt;em&gt;¡lárgate!&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T00:54:38.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20192" CreationDate="2017-03-21T01:33:13.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;strong&gt;grapa, grampa, corchete o ganchito&lt;/strong&gt; es una pieza de hierro u otro metal cuyos dos extremos doblados y puntiagudos se clavan para unir y sujetar papeles, tablas u otros materiales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que &lt;code&gt;grampa&lt;/code&gt; viene de &amp;quot;grapa&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este vocabulario en su etimología es conferido de “grapa” y con ella del catalán “grapa” y del franco “krappa” que quiere decir gancho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/grampa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definiciona.com/grampa&lt;/a&gt; (que coincide con la etimología de la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JUEahCF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grapa&lt;/a&gt; en el DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/grapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionario&lt;/a&gt; encontramos una entrada similar, pero con &amp;quot;grampa&amp;quot; como un &lt;em&gt;hiponimo&lt;/em&gt; de grapa, lo que quiere decir que una &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; sería un tipo de grapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces las palabras se forman un poco de casualidad como por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=20CAqSi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almóndiga&lt;/a&gt; frente a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1Y2soBd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;albóndiga&lt;/a&gt;. Es posible que según la región, o por otras circunstancias, se favorezca una palabra frente a otra. LA RAE recogerá ambas versiones mientras se haga uso de ellas (fíjate que en el caso de almóndiga la entrada advierte que ha caído en desuso y que su uso es &amp;quot;vulgar&amp;quot;). No hay una evolución clara de &amp;quot;grapa&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;grampa&amp;quot; (más allá de la obvia similitud fonética) para explicar si es un término surgido de la necesidad de nombrar un tipo distinto de &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; (que se ve que no).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T02:03:06.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20195" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T02:02:31.527" Score="5" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me encontré con la frase &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12030/5481&quot;&gt;Engage&lt;/a&gt; and teach as a challenger&amp;quot;, que podría traducirse como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Involucra y enseña con un desafío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Involucra y enseña como una persona que desafía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evidentemente las connotaciones de &lt;code&gt;challenger&lt;/code&gt; en este caso son positivas. Es un desafío no hostil que pretende sacar lo mejor de cada uno. Sin embargo el término &amp;quot;challenger&amp;quot; en sí resulta bastante difícil de traducir. ¿Debería ser &amp;quot;aquel que desafía&amp;quot;? ¿Un &amp;quot;desafiante&amp;quot;? He de recalcar también que la traducción de &amp;quot;con un desafío&amp;quot; me gusta menos, porque un &lt;em&gt;challenger&lt;/em&gt; no necesariamente propone un único reto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafío (o desafíar) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CNE8fk7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DRAE&lt;/a&gt; tiene el significado de &amp;quot;Rivalidad, competencia&amp;quot;, cuyas connotaciones no cuadran con el significado de la frase original. ¿Es posible traducir &lt;code&gt;challenger&lt;/code&gt; al español manteniendo las connotaciones positivas de &amp;quot;motivar a alguien a ir más allá de su zona de confort o límites y probarse a sí mismo&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:53:56.623" Title="¿Posibles traducciones para &quot;Challenger&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20195" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:02:20.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;reto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desafío&lt;/em&gt; hay acepciones tanto &quot;buenas&quot; como &quot;malas&quot;, lo cual no implica que cuando se usen esas palabras tengan que tener ambos sentidos. La verdad es que traducir &lt;em&gt;challenger&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;desafiador&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;retador&lt;/em&gt; no me suena demasiado bien, pero como ya han propuesto, se puede jugar con el lenguaje para escribir la frase de estas otras formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Involucra y enseña mediante retos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Involucra y enseña proponiendo retos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Involucra y enseña planteando retos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concretamente, hay una acepción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WHyT2Ax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que me encanta y cuadra mucho con lo que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Objetivo o empeño difícil de llevar a cabo, y que constituye por ello un estímulo y un desafío para quien lo afronta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si eres una persona que propone retos, eres un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WFvVj5t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;que reta&quot;), o sea un &lt;em&gt;challenger&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T08:09:05.337" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:09:05.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20173" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:34:20.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En 1734, el diccionario de Autoridades recogía la acepción &lt;em&gt;largar las velas&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;hacerse a la mar&quot;. En 1803 añadía &lt;em&gt;largarse&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacerse la nave á la mar, ó apartarse de tierra, ó de otra embarcación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa acepción de &quot;apartarse de algo&quot; es la que debió prevalecer y se amplió hasta significar &quot;apartarse de otra persona&quot;. De hecho, en 1822 ya significaba también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Irse ó ausentarse con presteza una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, en textos se pueden encontrar ejemplos como el siguiente (negritas mías en todos los ejemplos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pos que los muchachos han cogido de trompo de ñiques al pobre negro, y yo se la azvertí a usté cuando me concerté, que yo traiba al negro; y él es muy noble y no se mete con naide, ni nada les está comiendo ni rasgando pa que se lo jarten; y hora mismo &lt;strong&gt;me largo de aquí&lt;/strong&gt;, que lo qu'es comida a mí ni a mis hijos nos ha de faltar, primero Dios y mi sudor de mi frente, decía ña Sunción hecha un mar de lágrimas, pasándose el índice tendido por la rugosa frente y haciéndolo chasquear como látigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Magón (Manuel González Zeledón), &quot;Sin cocinera [La propia y otros cuentos]&quot;, 1896 (Costa Rica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De unos cuantos años antes es el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pues entonces &lt;strong&gt;largaos de aquí&lt;/strong&gt; tú y ese miserable gazmoño al instante —replicó Saldaña.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José de Espronceda, &quot;Sancho Saldaña o El Castellano de Cuéllar&quot;, 1834 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es como ese &quot;largaos de aquí&quot; se convirtió en &quot;largo de aquí&quot;, usando la primera persona de presente de indicativo, como si fuera la expresión que deseas oír de boca de aquel al que quieres largar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pues ahora retírate, y cuidado con el piquito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Hagan ustedes cuenta que yo soy un muerto, y que a nadie le hablaré de este negocio; ¿pero qué le digo a mi cuñado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Nada más, sino que nos has entregado ese dinero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pero... ¿y el niño?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Silencio, y &lt;strong&gt;largo de aquí&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Julián Zugasti y Sáenz, &quot;El Bandolerismo. Estudio social y memorias históricas&quot;, 1876 - 1880 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los ejemplos de &quot;largo de aquí&quot; y similares son del siglo XIX en adelante. El último paso es simplemente reducir la expresión &quot;largo de aquí&quot; a simplemente &quot;largo&quot;, dado que esa forma verbal ya indica el deseo de perder de vista a tu interlocutor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El chico estiró el cuello para ver qué era, y el Padre dijo: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Largo!&lt;/strong&gt; Idos de aquí y dejadme en paz.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Miau&quot;, 1888 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:34:20.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20192" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:58:42.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la RAE siempre ha considerado que &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; son lo mismo, en otros diccionarios la palabra &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; tiene su propia entrada, y al parecer los conceptos difieren ligeramente. La entrada más antigua aparece en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario nacional&lt;/em&gt; de Ramón Joaquín Domínguez, de 1853:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grampa&lt;/strong&gt;, s.f. Mar. Pedazo de hierro pequeño con punta en un estremo y un ojo en el otro, que sirve para clavarlo en los estremos, y asegurar en él pesos de poca consideración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, el mismo diccionario define &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grapa&lt;/strong&gt;, s.f. Pieza de metal, con dos estremos que, doblados y aguzados, se clávan o introdúcen en dos cosas que se pretenda unir firmemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, el término &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; es más genérico, mientras que &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; es un término marítimo. Además, la &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos extremos en punta, mientras que la &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; tiene un extremo acabado en un ojo. De hecho, en este diccionario es la palabra &lt;em&gt;grapa&lt;/em&gt; la que se dice que se puede usar también para &lt;em&gt;grampa&lt;/em&gt; (y no al revés, como el DRAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el paso del tiempo, ha prevalecido la idea de que son piezas para sujetar cosas, y al final ambos términos han acabado convergiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:58:42.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20200" CreationDate="2017-03-21T12:59:55.640" Score="3" ViewCount="955" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces se dice en tono jocoso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más malo que &lt;strong&gt;pegarle&lt;/strong&gt; a un padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más feo que &lt;strong&gt;pegarle&lt;/strong&gt; a un padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para designar algo que es extremadamente malo o feo. Lo que me produce curiosidad es que se utilice &lt;em&gt;pegarle&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;pegar&lt;/em&gt; (sondeo rápido googleando cada opción). Yo creo que lo correcto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más feo que &lt;strong&gt;pegar&lt;/strong&gt; a un padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si mi gramática no está más oxidada de lo que pienso, el &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; aquí ejerce de objeto indirecto, pero este ya está explicitado diciendo &lt;em&gt;a un padre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿contempla en general la gramática como correcta la reiteración del complemento indirecto en las oraciones? ¿O directamente podemos afirmar que lo único correcto es decir &lt;em&gt;es más feo que pegar a un padre&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T11:43:31.410" Title="¿Es correcto &quot;pegarle a un padre&quot;? Y en general, ¿se puede repetir el complemento indirecto en una frase usando &quot;le&quot; o &quot;se&quot; además del explícito?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20199" CreationDate="2017-03-21T13:26:04.937" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronombres personales átonos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. [...] La duplicación del complemento indirecto a través del pronombre átono es siempre posible y, en algunos casos, obligatoria, [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería obligatorio en nuestro caso si dijésemos &lt;em&gt;pegarle a él&lt;/em&gt; (siendo &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; el padre) o si pusiésemos el complemento antes del verbo, &lt;em&gt;que al padre pegarle&lt;/em&gt;, en una situación no contrastiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T13:26:04.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20199" CreationDate="2017-03-21T13:38:52.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; se puede leer en el capítulo 35 dedicado al &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMsUDqZrzQzDgmsl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento indirecto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] el grupo preposicional [encabezado por la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;] aparece en oraciones en las que, o bien puede ser reemplazado por un pronombre átono de dativo, o bien puede concurrir con él. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La segunda [opción], en la que concurren el pronombre dativo y el grupo preposicional, ilustra las llamadas construcciones de doblado (o de duplicación) del pronombre átono [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=puIKkZDRpHPgBaYO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apartado 35.4&lt;/a&gt; se profundiza en este aspecto con más detalle, indicando que esta concurrencia puede ser opcional en algunos casos, mientras que en otras se hacen imprescindibles. El caso es que en ningún momento dice que dicha concurrencia sea incorrecta, por lo que la respuesta a tu pregunta es que ambas son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T13:38:52.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20199" CreationDate="2017-03-21T15:53:48.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parte de la confusión es por traducir pegar como golpear cuando pegar tiene dos acepciones, una que viene del latín &lt;em&gt;picare&lt;/em&gt; (pegar con pez) y otra del &lt;em&gt;picare&lt;/em&gt; propio del latín vulgar tardío derivado de &lt;em&gt;picus&lt;/em&gt; (pájaro carpintero). Por eso necesita el &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, para indicar qué variante es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15257" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T10:49:59.263" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T10:49:59.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T17:43:44.960" Score="1" ViewCount="1846" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, he entendido que la subordinada concesiva con &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; puede hallarse en indicativo o en subjuntivo. Incluso he encontrado algunos ejemplos con &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; + condicional. Ahora me gustaría saber si se puede usar el condicional y el futuro con la conjunción &lt;em&gt;aun cuando&lt;/em&gt;. Tengo aquí cinco libros de los escritores españoles y latinoamericanos y he encontrado una sola frase con &lt;em&gt;aun cuando&lt;/em&gt; + subjuntivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2020-10-14T21:15:56.320" Title="Aun cuando + forma del verbo" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20205" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T19:56:49.363" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware of the saying 'Donde fueres haz lo que vieres'. I wanted to know if there are any other idioms that use the future subjunctive and whether I could use the tense in a literature essay such as 'La casa de Bernarda Alba' or 'Como agua para chocolate'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12956" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T19:56:49.363" Title="Future Subjunctive idioms/essay usage" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-21T21:26:08.837" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20199" CreationDate="2017-03-21T21:17:55.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas son correctas. La razón de usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; es para evitar la confusión con la acepción de &lt;strong&gt;unir&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;acercar&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo, se pretende usar la acepción de &lt;strong&gt;golpear&lt;/strong&gt;. Entonces, si en un principio hubiésemos elegido tal verbo, no sería necesario usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es más feo que &lt;strong&gt;golpear&lt;/strong&gt; a un padre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T21:17:55.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20204" CreationDate="2017-03-21T21:58:23.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto el indicativo como el subjuntivo pueden usarse con &quot;aun cuando&quot; cuando esta locución conjuntiva puede ser reemplazada, si bien con un significado algo diferente,  por el &quot;aunque&quot; que introduce situaciones inciertas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vendré aun cuando no &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; ganas. (Vendré aunque no tenga ganas.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Iría aun cuando no &lt;strong&gt;tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; ganas. (Iría aunque no tuviera ganas.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &quot;aun cuando&quot; el componente concesivo es &quot;aun&quot;, que modifica la conjunción temporal &quot;cuando&quot; y permite, como en los ejemplos anteriores, el uso del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, con el fututo del indicativo y el condicional &quot;cuando&quot; vuelve a ser la conjunción rectora y, en esa condición, inhibe el uso de esos tiempos como no gramaticales. En este caso, &quot;aun&quot; sólo significa &quot;inclusive&quot;. Del mismo modo que estas oraciones &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; son gramaticales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X Vendré cuando tendré ganas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X Iría cuando tendría ganas. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tampoco&lt;/strong&gt; son gramaticales estas otras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X Vendré aun cuando no tendré ganas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X Iría aun cuando no tendría ganas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como regla general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;aun cuando&quot; (= inclusive cuando) + indicativo: significado temporal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;aun cuando&quot; (= aunque) + subjuntivo: significado concesivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excepcionalmente, puede encontrarse después de &quot;aun cuando&quot; el uso tentativo del condicional en lugar del presente del indicativo. Así, en lugar del más categórico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aun cuando sé qué hacer, en este caso prefiero no actuar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;alguien más modesto podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aun cuando &lt;strong&gt;sabría&lt;/strong&gt; qué hacer (de hecho, sé qué hacer), en este caso prefiero no actuar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T22:44:40.210" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T22:44:40.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20210" CreationDate="2017-03-22T15:24:39.473" Score="3" ViewCount="976" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traduciendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/17878/209901&quot;&gt;Thanking users who answered my question&lt;/a&gt; me encuentro con el párrafo final de Jeff Atwood, el fundador de Stack Exchange:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alternately, just &quot;pay it forward&quot; and answer another programmer's question. &lt;strong&gt;That's really what it's all about.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viene a decir que en la filosofía de este sitio consiste en agradecer las respuestas que recibas siguiendo la cadena de favores y respondiendo a la pregunta que otro tenga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte de &quot;pay it forward&quot; la traduje efetivamente como &lt;em&gt;cadena de favores&lt;/em&gt; y me convence bastante, supongo que por influencia de la traducción de la película &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film371351.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pay it forward&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2000) que en España nombramos así, &lt;em&gt;Cadena de favores&lt;/em&gt;. El resto lo escribo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alternativamente, simplemente sigue con la &quot;cadena de favores&quot; y responde otra pregunta de otro programador. &lt;strong&gt;Es de lo que trata todo esto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero de todos modos &quot;es de lo que trata todo esto&quot; me parece algo forzado y pienso que se os puede ocurrir algo más idiomático. Se me ocurre también &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;De eso se trata, al fin y al cabo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Alguien tiene alguna idea? Lo mismo aplica a lo de &lt;em&gt;pay it forward&lt;/em&gt;, si consideráis que hay expresiones más acertadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la traducción es para Stack Overflow en español, por lo que debe ser español neutral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T08:39:44.820" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T11:19:33.557" Title="¿Cómo podemos traducir &quot;That's really what it's all about&quot; al castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20209" CreationDate="2017-03-22T16:29:57.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te pongo mi opción (si no es español neutro, pido disculpas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alternativamente, puedes devolver el favor a la comunidad respondiendo a una pregunta de cualquier otro programador. A fin de cuentas, de eso trata este sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iba a poner simplemente &quot;devolver el favor&quot;, pero añadí &quot;a la comunidad&quot; por si se entendía que había que devolver el favor a la misma persona que te respondió. Aunque para eso digo &quot;de cualquier otro programador&quot;, así que bien se puede eliminar lo de &quot;a la comunidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puedes cambiar &quot;alternativamente&quot; por &quot;otra opción&quot;, que queda más natural.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iba a usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;de eso va este sitio&quot;), pero curiosamente el verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20219/12637&quot;&gt;no tiene una acepción para ese significado&lt;/a&gt;, aunque se puede usar de forma coloquial. Tampoco sé si quedaría demasiado localizado así. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si quieres mantener el concepto de &quot;cadena de favores&quot; a toda costa, yo pondría &quot;puedes continuar la cadena y responder...&quot;. Se entiende que es una cadena de favores, en este caso no creo que haga falta especificarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo necesario traducir el &quot;just&quot; a toda costa, muchas veces las frases quedan mejor si no se traduce.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya centrándonos en la frase que te preocupa, de tus opciones la mejor me parece la de &quot;de eso se trata, al fin y al cabo&quot;. Creo que es la que mejor recoge la idea original. Yo he añadido &quot;este sitio&quot; por si quedaba algún resquicio de duda acerca de a qué se refería la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, teniendo en cuenta lo hablado, la versión más corta (y tal vez natural a la par que coloquial) sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otra opción es devolver el favor respondiendo preguntas de otros programadores. De eso va el sitio, a fin de cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T11:19:33.557" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20211" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20219" CreationDate="2017-03-22T16:39:40.040" Score="1" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20210/12637&quot;&gt;mi respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20209/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo podemos traducir &amp;quot;That&amp;#39;s really what it&amp;#39;s all about&amp;quot; al castellano?&lt;/a&gt; me he dado cuenta de que muchas veces uso el verbo ir en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La película va de un tío que...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De eso va este sitio, a fin de cuentas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que se usa como sinónimo de &quot;tratar&quot;, ya que ambas frases quedan igual usando este verbo, pero el caso es que entre las definiciones del verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no me queda claro qué acepción es la que encaja en este tipo de frases. ¿Cuál de todas podría ser? Y como extra: ¿se entiende esta construcción en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T23:28:35.990" Title="Si digo &quot;la película va de un tío que...&quot;, ¿qué acepción del verbo &quot;ir&quot; estoy usando?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T18:28:43.020" Score="3" ViewCount="3956" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;strunk&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no existe en el idioma inglés, lo cual complica una traducción directa. Más bien sería un modismo (¿americano?), y buscando en la red alguna referencia me encontré con &lt;a href=&quot;http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/strunk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; que realmente no estoy seguro que sea oficial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estar bajo la influencia de marihuana y alcohol al mismo tiempo. Contracción de &quot;stoned&quot; (drogado) y &quot;drunk&quot; (ebrio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esta información es correcta? De ser así, ¿cuál podría ser su posible traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T08:20:43.153" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T08:20:43.153" Title="¿Cuál sería la traducción de &quot;strunk&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20215" CreationDate="2017-03-22T20:54:25.370" Score="6" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo traducirían &lt;code&gt;Naive Bayes Classifier&lt;/code&gt; al español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ahora tengo la traducción como &lt;em&gt;Clasificador Bayesiano ingenuo&lt;/em&gt;, pero no me siento seguro respecto a la traducción. De hecho, ¿consideran que podría dejar la expresión como un anglicismo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T13:14:14.640" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T23:53:08.717" Title="¿Cómo podría traducir &quot;Naive Bayes Classifier&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20212" CreationDate="2017-03-22T22:05:49.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Mexico le dicen &quot;Pedo&quot;. This is not a formal translation as &quot;Pedo&quot; is slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11400" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T22:05:49.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20213" CreationDate="2017-03-23T01:30:24.400" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente se usa la traducción literal &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clasificador_bayesiano_ingenuo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clasificador bayesiano ingenuo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. De todas formas es razonable esperar que tu audiencia comprendiera el anglicismo. Por ejemplo, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/SS3RA7_17.1.0/modeler_mainhelp_client_ddita/clementine/dbmining_ibm_naivebayes.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo de IBM&lt;/a&gt; sobre &lt;em&gt;minería de datos&lt;/em&gt; se refieren a él tanto como &amp;quot;Bayesiano ingenuo&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;naïve&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bayesiano ingenuo&lt;/strong&gt; es un algoritmo muy utilizado para resolver problemas de clasificación. El modelo se denomina &lt;strong&gt;naïve&lt;/strong&gt; porque trata todas las variables de predicción propuestas como independientes unas de otras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo mismo para &lt;a href=&quot;https://silvercorp.wordpress.com/2013/08/12/clasificador-naive-bayes/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este otro artículo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El clasificador probabilístico Naive Bayes o Bayesiano ingenuo en español, tiene sus fundamentos en el Teorema de Bayes [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T01:30:24.400" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T01:55:12.267" Score="4" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No pagaste mi cuenta bancaria?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No le dijiste a mamá que llegaría tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy en lo personal considero que no son agresivas. Simplemente muestran más de un 50% de seguridad de lo que será la respuesta. ¿Qué opinan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15267" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T01:04:22.130" Title="Las preguntas que comienzan con &quot;no&quot; ¿son agresivas?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20216" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:24:53.120" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene por qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Ayer me quedé en casa viendo una película.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ah, ¿no fuiste al cine al final?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como cualquier otra pregunta, pueden denotar un variado rango de emociones (ligera sorpresa en este caso, depende de cómo se pronuncie). Para mí las que denotan una cierta agresividad podrían ser las que empiezan por &quot;que no&quot; o &quot;cómo que no&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Mamá, no quiero comerme las patatas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Cómo que no te quieres comer las patatas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero una vez más, también pueden denotar sorpresa desmedida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pues a mí no me gusta la pizza con piña.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿¿Que no te gusta la pizza con piña??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: la agresividad está en la intención del hablante, en su modo de pronunciar o entonar la frase. Difícilmente veo que se pueda reflejar en una oración a menos que haya un contexto previo: el contexto y no la estructura de la frase será lo que denote si hay agresividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T07:24:53.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:55:31.227" Score="5" ViewCount="951" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las cosas en las que uno se fija viendo &lt;em&gt;La patrulla canina&lt;/em&gt; con su hijo: el &quot;grito de guerra&quot; de Skye cada vez que la eligen para una misión es &quot;¡A volar se ha dicho!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La estructura &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡A &amp;lt;verbo&amp;gt; se ha dicho!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es bastante usada, pero me suena como una frase que a alguien se le ocurrió una vez (usada con un verbo concreto), y que tuvo un cierto éxito y la gente empezó a copiar y a usar con otros verbos. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡A callar se ha dicho! —gritó el cojo, vendedor de La Semana—. Aquí se viene a lo que se viene, y a guardar la circuspición.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Misericordia&quot;, 1897 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto así? ¿Se puede determinar el origen de esta estructura gramatical? No encuentro ningún caso en el CORDE de antes de finales del siglo XIX (el más antiguo es de 1887), por lo que parece que fue algo que surgió de repente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T11:55:27.913" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T11:55:27.913" Title="¿Cómo se originaron las expresiones tipo &quot;¡A &lt;verbo&gt; se ha dicho!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20211" CreationDate="2017-03-23T11:16:12.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como proponía guifa coincidiendo conmigo, podría parecer que la acepción que se usa es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Considerar las cosas por un aspecto especial o dirigirlas a un fin determinado. &lt;em&gt;Si por honestidad va, ¿qué cosa más honesta que la virtud? Ahora va de veras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no me terminaba de encajar con la acepción buscada en el ejemplo de la pregunta, dado que en la frase &quot;la película va de...&quot;, el verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; no se usa para dirigir nada a ningún fin, ni considera algo por un aspecto concreto. Simplemente se usa como sinónimo de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aX264Ov&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tratar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en el sentido de &quot;conferir, discurrir o disputar de palabra o por escrito sobre un asunto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que le he preguntado a la RAE, y me han respondido &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/844867776565202944&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un uso coloquial y, en efecto, no aparece en el DLE la acepción correspondiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, hice bien en desconfiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T11:16:12.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20238" CreationDate="2017-03-23T15:31:11.627" Score="2" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quick question, I want to know how to say &lt;code&gt;&quot;cast a spell on [something]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My initial thought was &lt;code&gt;&quot;lanzar un hechizo sobre [algún]&quot;&lt;/code&gt; but I'm not sure if I'm being too literal with the translation from English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words I came across are embrujar and hechizar, but I worry that embrujar may connote additional things (like witches or shamanism), and I wouldn't know how to form a sentence from hechizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, I mean in the high fantasy / RPG sense, for example, in a video game, saying: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A wizard cast a spell on a monster, it was super effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15208" LastEditorUserId="15208" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T09:41:44.703" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T09:41:44.703" Title="How to say: Cast a spell on &lt;something&gt;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20220" CreationDate="2017-03-23T15:42:55.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your initial thought is spot on&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the literal translation is simply the right one. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13834" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T15:42:55.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20177" CreationDate="2017-03-23T18:04:58.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Y is used for &quot;and&quot; for all words except those beginning with the &quot;i/y&quot; sound.  For example, Me gustan matematicas e historia.  Or - Hablo espanol e ingles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y would be used for other vowels and all consonants.  For example, Yo tome' soda y agua. Or - Hablo ingles y espanol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sorry for not being able to create the accents and tildes - can't do it on this keyboard.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14670" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T18:04:58.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20211" CreationDate="2017-03-23T23:28:35.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la parte &quot;extra&quot; de la pregunta, me gustaría que otros hispanoparlantes americanos diesen su testimonio, pero ni en Argentina ni en mi limitada exposición a otros dialectos latinoamericanos he oído nunca esta construcción. Lo que no quita que sea inmediatamente comprensible por el contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me antoja que puede haber una relación con la construcción (recogida como expresión fija en el DRAE) &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bXkUiz2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿a qué vino eso?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. En Argentina es común escuchar &lt;em&gt;¿A qué vino eso?&lt;/em&gt; (empleado exactamente en las circunstancias en que un angloparlante preguntaría &lt;em&gt;What was that about?&lt;/em&gt;) y la negativa &lt;em&gt;No sé a qué vino eso&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;No sé a qué viene lo que estás diciendo&lt;/em&gt; y similares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T23:28:35.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20226" CreationDate="2017-03-24T08:03:56.237" Score="1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering about the use of the object 'lo' with infinitives, and also the simple future (using ir).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is preferred in these examples, and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a lanzarlo&quot; vs &quot;Lo voy a lanzar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a comerlo&quot; vs &quot;Lo voy a comer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like I prefer the lanzarlo/comerlo version but am I correct? Are both acceptable? Is there ever an acceptable situation for &quot;Lo voy a .....&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15255" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T09:50:58.753" Title="Use of direct objects with infinitives and simple future: &quot;Voy a tirarlo&quot; vs &quot;Lo voy a tirar&quot;" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20225" CreationDate="2017-03-24T09:50:58.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are acceptable, correct, and both are used in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_variation&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;free variation&lt;/a&gt; by native speakers, i.e. the same speaker will use either in any context without any reason, randomly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T09:50:58.753" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20254" CreationDate="2017-03-24T13:21:09.037" Score="8" ViewCount="19163" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía el otro día una noticia en el periódico El Tiempo de Colombia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/bogota/lugares-donde-mas-roban-bicicletas-en-bogota-64814&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa: Pilas con las ciclorrutas donde más roban bicicletas en Bogotá&lt;/a&gt;. Bajo el subtítulo &lt;em&gt;Reconozca los lugares que señalan como los más peligrosos para los biciusuarios&lt;/em&gt;, menciona las zonas de Bogotá donde más robos se producen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además del uso de &lt;em&gt;biciusuarios&lt;/em&gt; (¿será lo mismo que ciclista?), me gustó lo de &quot;pilas&quot; a modo de atención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué en el Diccionario de americanismos e inicialmente encontré esta segunda acepción específica de Colombia (la primera tiene muchísimas acepciones):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=NB97aY3wTx0A73dHRdH%7CEElzjuYMSx0AvbsctZb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pilo, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj/sust. Co:C,O. Referido a persona, hábil, diligente, juiciosa. pop + cult. ◆ piloso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;em&gt;Co:C,O&lt;/em&gt; entiendo que se refiere a &lt;em&gt;Colombia: Central y Oeste&lt;/em&gt;. Luego vi que también existe la entrada para la interjección:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=SfJEuAEJgx0A5vFYIs2%7CMMESdsQaGx0AqDoHFyu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡pilas!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  interj. Gu, Ho, Co; Ec, juv. Expresa atención, vigilancia o alerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que aplicaría a Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia y Ecuador (a ver si añaden ya la leyenda al pasar el ratón por encima...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total, que parece que con &quot;pilas&quot; en la noticia estaban alertando a los ciclistas sobre los lugares más inseguros en cuanto a robos. Pero una vez resuelta la curiosidad, me viene la siguiente: ¿Qué sentido tiene &quot;pilas&quot; exactamente en la noticia? ¿Se usa como interjección en este caso? ¿De dónde viene el uso de &quot;pilas&quot; en los sentidos descritos por el diccionario de americanismos? ¿Por qué la interjección se entiende en unos cuantos países, mientras que el adjetivo solamente en Colombia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-08-07T10:13:45.013" LastActivityDate="2019-08-07T10:15:36.157" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;pilas&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2304" CreationDate="2017-03-25T17:40:36.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otros detalles no comentados todavía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para decir que algo está gastado porque ha sido usado mucho se suele utilizar la palabra &lt;em&gt;usar&lt;/em&gt;, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a donar ropa &lt;em&gt;usada&lt;/em&gt;. (ropa utilizada no quedaría bien).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La pieza está gastada por su &lt;em&gt;uso&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &lt;em&gt;utilizar&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra más larga y posiblemente por ello se usa umenos utilizada en el lenguaje coloquial. En textos técnicos queda elegante y se mezclan ambas palabras para no repetir siempre la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastActivityDate="2017-03-25T17:40:36.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10340" CreationDate="2017-03-26T04:57:32.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cada &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; tiene un valor diferente: el primero es parte de &lt;em&gt;cansar&lt;/em&gt; e indica &lt;strong&gt;cambio de estado&lt;/strong&gt; (de estar fresco o descansado a estar precisamente cansado). Utilizar los pronombres reflexivos para expresar cambios de estado es una estrategia muy común en español, basta pensar en verbos como &lt;em&gt;enfermarse, enojarse, quemarse&lt;/em&gt;... El segundo &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; se puede interpretar con un dativo de afectación: la acción de vos tomar cerveza me afecta a mí directamente (en tanto me quedo sin cerveza). Es una construcción bastante coloquial; en un registro más formal probablemente se prefiera decir algo como &lt;em&gt;Ya me cansé de que te tomés &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; cerveza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15291" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T04:57:32.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20231" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20232" CreationDate="2017-03-26T12:50:05.063" Score="4" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Italki teacher says that there is a difference between &quot;mayormente&quot; and &quot;principalmente&quot;, but he's finding it hard to articulate just what the difference is. Is it one of meaning? Of register? Something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2041" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T13:20:49.063" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T13:21:35.813" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;mayormente&quot; and &quot;principalmente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20231" CreationDate="2017-03-26T14:42:40.620" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;While the formal definition of &lt;em&gt;mayormente&lt;/em&gt; simply refers to &lt;em&gt;principalmente&lt;/em&gt;, and for the most part they can be used synonymously, it seems in actual usage &lt;em&gt;mayormente&lt;/em&gt; translates as &quot;largely&quot; or &quot;mostly&quot;. Examples from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/mayormente.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt; (where the &lt;strong&gt;bold&lt;/strong&gt; indicates translation from &lt;em&gt;mayormente&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Simultaneously, Europe's population is becoming &lt;strong&gt;largely&lt;/strong&gt; urbanized and more physically separated from the natural resources…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  This condition was &lt;strong&gt;mainly&lt;/strong&gt; brought about by the weakening of social policies in the 1980s, by the prioritisation of other…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  All the more so as we &lt;strong&gt;mostly&lt;/strong&gt; live in a border-free area where decisions affect our neighbours.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Chile's economic growth has been &lt;strong&gt;largely&lt;/strong&gt; driven by mining activity and many companies in this sector are involved in giving…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of overlap, of course, but to my ears &lt;em&gt;mayormente&lt;/em&gt;, because it derives from &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;greatest&quot;), suggests a straightforward quantifiable comparison. Whereas &lt;em&gt;principalmente&lt;/em&gt; suggests a qualitative comparison (&quot;foremost, most importantly&quot;). The contrast is subtle but at least I find it most natural to use &lt;em&gt;mayormente&lt;/em&gt; when speaking of quantifiable things, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La población argentina es mayormente urbana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Nuestra economía depende mayormente de las exportaciones agrícolas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I'd rather use &lt;em&gt;principalmente&lt;/em&gt; when addressing qualities or types of things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los estudiantes de esta universidad son principalmente de clase media.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Nuestra industria necesita hoy principalmente ingenieros y técnicos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose certain types of verbs actually require one adverb or the other; for example, &lt;em&gt;La industria necesita mayormente ingenieros&lt;/em&gt; sounds rather strange to me, though I can't really articulate why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T14:42:40.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2017-03-26T18:33:28.183" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el color del lápiz si es rosa anaranjado o rosa pastel simplemente decirle color beige y si es rosa claro, decirle rosado pálido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15294" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T01:57:33.637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T01:57:33.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10340" CreationDate="2017-03-26T21:31:11.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya me cansé de que me tomes la cerveza&lt;/em&gt; has two instances of &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;. The first is trivial: it's part of the pronominal verb &lt;em&gt;cansarse&lt;/em&gt;, which means &quot;to tire, to become tired&quot;, so let's leave that alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; can be analyzed as a &lt;strong&gt;dative of harm&lt;/strong&gt; construction (&lt;em&gt;dativus incommodi&lt;/em&gt;). This is a form that has a parallel in the &lt;strong&gt;dative of benefit&lt;/strong&gt; you can find in phrases like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me tomé toda la cerveza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Nos comimos una pizza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once answered to a question about &lt;em&gt;reír(se)&lt;/em&gt; and other pronominal verbs that deals with this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19659/14627&quot;&gt;mediopassive voice&lt;/a&gt; form, and that you might find useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's go back to the lyrics of the song, but suppose (for brevity) that the sentence is just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me tomaste la cerveza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That meaning could be translated literally as &quot;You drank *me the beer&quot;, or, rephrased correctly, &quot;You took the beer from me and drank it&quot;, or simply &quot;You drank my beer&quot;, only the former translation is too long and the latter misses the connotation of harm or loss; that's what the pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is about. It's as if you could say &quot;You drank the beer from me&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same meaning can be expressed (from the other side, as it were) as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te tomaste mi cerveza&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the translation is &quot;You drank my beer&quot;, but the inclusion of &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; turns the phrase into a &lt;strong&gt;dative of benefaction&lt;/strong&gt;: not only did you drink my beer, but you drank it for your benefit. The two sentences therefore form an opposing pair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benefactive construction is standard in Spanish. The dative of harm is common in Argentina and mostly informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a phrase that worried mothers often say to the pediatrician when their children refuse to eat properly: &lt;em&gt;El nene no me come.&lt;/em&gt; If you run this past a translator it will come out &quot;The child does not eat me.&quot; The meaning, of course, is &quot;The child does not eat &lt;em&gt;and that affects me.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T21:31:11.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20220" CreationDate="2017-03-27T04:09:19.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;lanzar(le) un hechizo sobre algo/alguien&quot; is absolutely OK (the &quot;le&quot; is optional, the higher the register, the less frequent it becomes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(but notice that it does not imply success... he might have &quot;thrown&quot; (lanzar) the spell and missed (or it might have been ineffective or whatever).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ponerle un hechizo a algo/alguien&quot;   I can't say why, but it sounds horrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;hacerle un hechizo a algo/alguien&quot;   Same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;hechizar algo/a alguien&quot;             Notice that the &quot;a&quot; preposition is used for people and animals in this case, but not for things. (elfs, fairies, angels, etc do count as people for this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;embrujar algo/a alguien&quot;     Same thing: &quot;a&quot; for animate beings only.&#xA;All those imply success. The victim was effectively left under the effect of the spell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If in the context of some kind of fight or battle between sorcerers, you could also use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;tirarle un hechizo a alguien/algo&quot;  (compulsory &quot;a&quot; also for inanimate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;le tiró con un hechizo a algo/alguien&quot;  (slightly different meaning: &quot;shot at someone/something with a spell&quot; as if the spell were some kind of ammunition or projectile) (rather informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those two don't imply success, and the last one in particular leaves ample room for failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Embrujo and hechizo aren't the same thing. An embrujo is always bad, evil. An hechizo could be good, it could protect someone, or make him/her look better. An encantamiento is normally good (and related to &quot;me encanta&quot; and &quot;encantado/a de conocerle&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some possible translations of the sentence you proposed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un hechicero lanzó un embrujo sobre un monstruo; fue extremadamente exitoso. (Now the monster will be a frog until a princess kisses it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un brujo hechizó a un monstruo; fue muy exitoso (Now the monster is frozen, or mesmerized...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un hechicero embrujó a un monstruo; fue re-exitoso  &amp;lt;--- re-exitoso is dialectal, from Argentina and Uruguay (In need of a princess again)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un hechicero le lanzó un encantamiento a un monstruo; fue súper exitoso  (Now the lizard is competing for Miss Universe, but súper, even with the tilde on the ú is still not real Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un mago encantó a un lagarto... etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T04:09:19.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20231" CreationDate="2017-03-27T04:34:17.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mayormente means &quot;for the most part&quot; or &quot;mostly&quot; and is related to &quot;mayor (parte)&quot; and &quot;mayoría&quot; both meaning &quot;majority&quot; or &quot;the most part&quot;, hence, there is a tendency to use &quot;mayormente&quot; when there is a reference to an existing majority of some kind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Principalmente means &quot;mainly&quot;. But &quot;main&quot; and &quot;majority&quot; are different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking two examples from pablodf76's answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La población argentina es mayormente urbana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes it &quot;urban for the most&quot; is that the most of us live in cities, the majority of us live in cities. You could say with very little change to meaning: La población es mayoritariamente urbana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestra industria necesita hoy principalmente ingenieros y técnicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here engineers and technicians are the main need, but not necessarily what we need in largest numbers. Perhaps we need just two engineers and three technicians to get 95% of our industry going, and 10.000 janitors and security guards or whatever to complete the other 5%. So the main thing are the engineers and technicians, but they are not the majority, and even if we needed more engineers than janitors... we still need them, so still no majority yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OK, after having said all that: in practice, they are synonyms, and it takes as much OCD as I have to know the exact difference. :-) Don't fret too much on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T13:21:35.813" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T13:21:35.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20213" CreationDate="2017-03-27T04:54:42.237" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Clasificador bayesiano naíf&quot; podría ser otra alternativa. &quot;Naíf&quot; es correcto en castellano con el significado de &quot;ingenuo&quot;, y también se admite sin tilde (naif).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En francés ingenuo se dice &quot;naïf&quot; (se pronuncia más o menos como &quot;naíf&quot;, con acento en la i), y su femenino es &quot;naïve&quot; (que se pronuncia &quot;naív&quot;, casi igual).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece más adecuado para un &quot;clasificador&quot; (masc) tomar el español &quot;naíf&quot;, también masculino, que dejar el inglés naive, originalmente femenino, y que no es español propiamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastEditorUserId="15240" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T16:01:39.180" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T16:01:39.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20242" CreationDate="2017-03-27T09:19:33.107" Score="6" ViewCount="1384" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día Carlos Alejo propuso que realizáramos un juego: a ver quién es capaz de traducir un texto con el menor número de caracteres manteniendo su sentido original y utilizando un lenguaje homogéneo (variantes regionales de un solo lugar). ¿Empezamos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las reglas están en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/1674&quot;&gt;This is translation-golf! The translation with the least number of characters wins!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para empezar he extraído este fragmento de &quot;Breakfast at Tiffany's&quot;, de Truman Capote (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bustle.com/articles/121359-25-of-the-best-book-quotes-of-all-time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You call yourself a free spirit, a 'wild thing,' and you're terrified somebody's gonna stick you in a cage. Well baby, you're already in that cage. You built it yourself. And it's not bounded in the west by Tulip, Texas, or in the east by Somali-land. It's wherever you go. Because no matter where you run, you just end up running into yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España este libro (así como la película basada en ella) se tradujo como &quot;Desayuno con diamantes&quot;. La actriz que protagonizó la película es Audrey Hepburn, así que teniéndola a ella en mente propongo esta traducción básica y algo larga, incluso ortopédica (oculta para no condicionar):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Te llamas a ti misma espíritu libre, una &quot;cosa salvaje&quot;, y estás aterrorizada de que alguien te encierre en una jaula. Pues bien, cariño, tú ya estás en esa jaula. La has construido tú misma. Y no está limitada al oeste de Tulip, Texas, o al este de Somalilandia. Está allí donde vas. Porque no importa adónde corras, siempre acabas corriendo hacia ti mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Número de caracteres: 280 (letras, no cuentan los signos de puntuación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién es capaz de proponer una traducción con menos caracteres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aceptaré la respuesta que en los próximos siete días sea capaz de ofrecer la traducción válida con el menor número de caracteres.&#xA;¿Te animas a participar? Va, que esto está chupado :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clasificación final tras los siete días de competición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20242/1674&quot;&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt; - 116 caracteres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20250/1674&quot;&gt;guifa&lt;/a&gt; - 118&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20255/1674&quot;&gt;Astrar&lt;/a&gt; - 159&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20249/1674&quot;&gt;JMVanPelt&lt;/a&gt; - 161&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20246/1674&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt; - 195&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20253/1674&quot;&gt;aparente001&lt;/a&gt; - 222&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:06:19.267" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:06:19.267" Title="Let translation-golf begin: Fragmento de &quot;Breakfast at Tiffany's&quot; sobre los miedos del personaje principal" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T10:56:29.670" Score="6" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Español de España (actual), 116 caracteres.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Salvaje&quot;, alma libre te crees, y temes ser enjaulada. Lo estás, nena, en una propia. No acaba en Lugo o en Irán. Lo abarca todo: donde vas, la jaula eres tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso de los dos puntos para explicar la conclusión y ahorrarme el &quot;porque&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al decir &quot;lo estás&quot; se entiende que es ahora al usar el presente, luego sobra el &quot;ya&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Propia&quot; se usa en el sentido de &quot;que pertenece de manera exclusiva a alguien&quot; y en el de &quot;referente a la persona de que se habla&quot;. Sobre todo este último sentido, al igual que el ejemplo &quot;esto es propio de ti&quot;, implica que es una característica (la jaula) personal de uno mismo, y por tanto hecho por uno mismo (cada uno se construye su caracter).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo importante de Tulip y Somali-land es definir un lugar cercano y otro remoto para dar la idea de que los límites de la jaula no están en ninguna parte. Así que uso Lugo como lugar cercano (en España, para dar coherencia a la traducción en español de España) e Irán como lugar lejano. En el caso de Tulip, además, se escribe el estado porque es la costumbre allí, al poder existir varios Tulip en diversos estados. Como en España solo hay un Lugo, no hace falta especificar &quot;Lugo, Galicia&quot; ni nada parecido. Más aún: en la traducción oficial al castellano de la película no hacen mención a dichos límites, simplemente dicen &quot;y en ella seguirás, vayas donde vayas&quot;, seguramente porque la gente de aquí no iba a entender esas referencias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La conclusión final es que cada uno es su propia jaula, así que plasmo esa interpretación al final del párrafo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamento la ingente cantidad de licencias que me estoy permitiendo, pero para batir al español arcaico de guifa hay que hacerlo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Intento inicial, 210 caracteres.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te denominas un alma libre, una &quot;salvaje&quot;, y te aterroriza que alguien pueda enjaularte. Pues nena, ya estás en una jaula, hecha por ti. Y no limita al oeste con Tulip, Tejas, ni al este con Somalilandia. Va contigo. Pues doquiera que corras, siempre te encontrarás a ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T14:43:15.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T14:43:15.267" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20243" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-27T11:18:28.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas etiquetadas como &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; son preguntas que buscan traducciones usando el menor número de caracteres posible. Las reglas para participar en el juego se pueden encontrar en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;This is translation-golf! The translation with the least number of characters wins!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, respeta la normas del juego y recuerda que el objetivo final es aprender español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions tagged as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; must be questions seeking translations using the least possible amount of characters. Rules to participate in the game can be found in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;This is translation-golf! The translation with the least number of characters wins!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please stick to the game rules, and remember that the ultimate goal of the game is learning Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T11:18:28.280" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T11:18:28.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20244" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-27T11:18:28.280" Score="0" Body="Preguntas que participan en el juego de translation-golf. // Questions that participate in the translation-golf game." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T15:16:58.757" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T15:16:58.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20245" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20306" CreationDate="2017-03-27T11:46:21.007" Score="3" ViewCount="791" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17999/12637&quot;&gt;T&amp;#233;rminos para aludir a alguien cuyo nombre se desconoce&lt;/a&gt; se hizo un repaso de aquellas formas de las que dispone el lenguaje para designar a las personas cuyo nombre se ignora o se quiere omitir. Sin embargo, ¿existe algún término similar para los lugares? ¿Qué término se usa para aquellos lugares de cuyo nombre no quieres acordarte? ¿Cuál es la versión de &lt;em&gt;fulano&lt;/em&gt; para lugares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más parecido que se me ocurre (aunque no es lo que busco, ojo) es cuando quieres decir que algo está muy lejos, que se usan expresiones como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochinchina#La_expresi.C3.B3n_popular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Conchinchina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que no aparece en el DLE, aunque se encuentran textos en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bueno, lo que es yo, yo estaba ya en que eso del amor es una engañifa. Después ya no sé, no lo sé... Pero, antes de lo de mi Julio y el Lucas, yo convencida: el amor, la engañifa más grande que hay en el mundo. Aquí y en la Conchinchina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fernando Quiñones, &quot;Las mil noches de Hortensia Romero&quot;, 1979 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T03:31:46.510" Title="Sustantivos para designar a un lugar cuyo nombre se desconoce" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T14:03:03.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;195 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te proclamas alma libre, una &quot;cosa bravía&quot;, y temes ser enjaulada. Pues, niña, ya lo estás. En una jaula hecha por ti. Y no aquende Tulip, Texas, ni allende Somalistán, sino donde vayas. Pues no cuenta adónde corras, siempre acabas yendo hacia ti misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T14:03:03.657" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20247" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-27T15:19:52.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa junto con la etiqueta del juego en cuestión (ver a continuación la lista actualizada de juegos disponibles). Recuerda que las etiquetas de juegos no se deben usar con ningún juego que no haya sido previamente discutido y aceptado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Meta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be used with the tag of the specific game to play (see an updated list of available games below). Please do not use the game tags with any other game that has not been previously discussed and accepted in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Meta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Available games:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T11:10:02.497" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T11:10:02.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20248" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-27T15:19:52.210" Score="0" Body="Pregunta-juego del sitio. Recuerda etiquetar también con el juego en concreto. // Game questions of the site. Please do also add the specific game tag." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T15:19:52.210" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T15:19:52.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T15:36:23.470" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;161 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te dices alma libre, &quot;salvaje&quot;, y temes te enjaulen; bien, nena, en&#xA;  jaula estás, hecha por ti. No limita al oeste con Tulip, Texas, ni al&#xA;  este con Somalía: está doquier vayas pues, adonde corras, contigo&#xA;  toparás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T15:41:31.720" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T15:41:31.720" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T16:03:38.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás tome demasiado libertad (ni digo que fluya bien), pero...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Español con suaves toques arcaicos, &lt;strike&gt;145&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;142&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;141&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;136&lt;/strike&gt; 126 golpes&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Veste alma libre, una fiera, y temes ser presa. Y, niña, es así.  En una jaula que hiciste.  No fina ahí en Tulip, Tejas, ni ý na India. Está do vayas, ca do huyas, toparteás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Y tratándola de usted,  &lt;strike&gt;133&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;128&lt;/strike&gt; 118&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vese alma libre, una fiera, y teme ser presa. E, hija, es así.  En una jaula que hizo.  No fina ahí en Tulip, Tejas, ni ý na India. Está do vaya, ca do huya, toparseá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una explicación como ha pedido Carlos en los comentarios (es algo muy frecuente en codegolf)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Veste       - proclisis de «te ves» (me veo así == me considero)&#xA;alma libre  - no creo poder reducirlo más &#xA;                (sinónimos posibles incluyen espíritu libert(ad)o, no conformista, etc)&#xA;una fiera   - «fiera. 2. adj. Dicho de un animal: Salvaje o agresivo»&#xA;                es preciso la «una» para evitar que «fiera» se interprete&#xA;                como adjetivo de alma&#xA;y temes     - tienes miedo de&#xA;ser presa   - un preso es alguien enjaulado o encarcelado&#xA;                (tmb. es el antiguo participio de prender, por lo que se podría&#xA;                interpretar como la acción «ser prendida» ~ «ser enjaulada»)&#xA;Y           - en este contexto, sinónimo de «bueno, bien, pues» ~ «vamos a ver» &#xA;niña        - todas las variantes (niña/nena/neña/hija tienen 4 caracteres)&#xA;es así      - así == presa/atrapada/encarcelada&#xA;En una&#xA;jaula       - la única palabra más corta sería «caja» que no tiene tanto&#xA;               sentido.  «trena» es más de cárcel.&#xA;que hiciste&#xA;No se fina  - «finar» antes significaba «acabar/terminar», ello se evidencia&#xA;                con el significado en portugués de «acabar; findar; finar-se» &#xA;                (Priberam), y en asturiano «Acabar, poner fin a [daqué]» &#xA;                (DALlA), «finir» ~ «Tenir fi; acabar.» (GDLC).  Antes&#xA;                tenía «acotar»: «acotar. 3. tr. Delimitar el ámbito o espacio&#xA;                de algo.»&#xA;ahí en      - «ahí» para mantener esa idea de por un lado &#xA;Tulip, Tejas&#xA;ni ý        - «y³. 1. adv. dem. desus. allí.», es más frecuente ver con tilde&#xA;na          - «1. contracc. desus. En la.» (DLE)&#xA;India       - Somalilandia no existía tantos siglos ha, uso el&#xA;                más o menos coetáneo equivalente de la India (==lugar muy lejos)&#xA;Está        - el presente también implica futuro y es más común que en&#xA;                en el inglés con esa referencia.&#xA;do          - «donde»&#xA;vayas       - incluso mejor sería fueres, pero son más letras jaja.&#xA;                el subjuntivo contiene la idea de «-ever» (así evitamos «doquiera» &#xA;ca          - «porque»&#xA;do          - «donde»&#xA;huyas       - otra vez, mejor sería «huyere», el subjuntivo evita necesitar «doquiera»&#xA;                en este caso, el correr del inglés refiere a dar la fuga, &#xA;                intentar escapar, por lo que «huir» sale muy bien.&#xA;toparteás  - mesoclisis de «te toparás», «te encontrarás».  &#xA;               viene de la construcción original del futuro topar+haber, &#xA;               es decir «topar has» que permitía por mucho tiempo «toparte has»&#xA;               y constan ejemplos en una palabra como «toparteas» que&#xA;               hoy llevaría tilde en la última a: toparteás.  Es cierto&#xA;                que era idea de Rodrigo.  Suelo evitarlo en castellano&#xA;                por ser el término más común en asturiano («atopar» e&#xA;                él) y poco usado en el castellano pensinular, no obstante,&#xA;                era mucho más frecuente en el castellano áurico que&#xA;                en el moderno, por eso creo que cabe mejor que «hallar»&#xA;                que tenía antes.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evolución:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;145 (informal) - intento inicial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;142 (informal) - sustitución de «allí» por «ý»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;141 (informal) - sustitución de «corras» por «huyas»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;136 (informal) - sustitución de «Somalistán» por «la India», &#xA;                   «cosa (fiera)» por «una», «hallaraste» por «toparaste»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;128 (informal) - sustitución de «acotarse con» por «finar en»,&#xA;                   empleo de la contracción «na» &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;133 (formal) - subiendo la formalidad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;128 (formal) - sustitución de «Somalistán» por «la India»,&#xA;                   «cosa (fiera)» por «una», «hallarase» por «toparase»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;118 (formal) - sustitución de «acotarse con» por «finar en»,&#xA;                   empleo de la contracción «na» &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T20:32:08.747" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T20:32:08.747" CommentCount="13" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-27T16:25:32.783" Score="3" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;No aparece en el diccionario de la lengua, pero he encontrado el siguiente texto en un foro: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además el tuvo un accidente grave y ha estado enfermo de &lt;strong&gt;las almorroides&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google parece indicar que es una variante de &lt;strong&gt;hemorroides&lt;/strong&gt; pero no encuentro ninguna referencia &quot;fiable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15304" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T19:42:17.893" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T07:12:08.460" Title="¿Qué son las &quot;almorroides&quot;?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T18:57:17.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's mine, which I did without looking at others' because I wanted to just start fresh.  I came by my Spanish in Mexico but have been living elsewhere for a long time, so let's hope I managed to be consistent.  I did try to be concise but not at the expense of being faithful to the original and natural in my choice of expressions.  MS Word tells me my character count is &lt;strong&gt;223&lt;/strong&gt; -- significantly less than the 283 Word told me were in the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú te llamas bohemia, 'salvaje,' y tienes terror a que te pongan en una jaula. Pues bien, mi amor, ya estás ahí. Tú misma te la hiciste. Y no está definida de poniente por Tulip, Tejas, ni de oriente por Somalia. Estás en la jaula por doquier. Porque adonde vayas, vas a topar contigo misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's something small that doesn't ring true, but can be fixed -- please don't stand on ceremony, just dive it and fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Edited out the double &quot;vayas&quot; at the end, and added a colon (Carlos Alejo). New character count: 223.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjusted the &lt;em&gt;terror&lt;/em&gt; part.  New count: 222, I think.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T20:02:06.883" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T20:02:06.883" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20227" CreationDate="2017-03-27T19:22:49.790" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los juguetes no funcionan hasta que uno les &quot;pone las pilas&quot; de ahí aparece la expresión con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;activarse o ponerse activo/atento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;strong&gt;ponerse las pilas&lt;/strong&gt; en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;entrar en acción&lt;/em&gt; es muy usada en Colombia y de ahí se derivan tanto la interjección como el adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo en realidad solo es usado de manera frecuente en Bogotá y sus alrededores y no es muy usado en toda Colombia de manera general aunque se entiende gracias a los medios/noticieros/telenovelas originados en la capital del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen del adjetivo es simple: pereza/eficiencia/simplificación. En lugar de decir la larga frase &quot;esa persona se mantiene con las pilas puestas&quot; queriendo decir &lt;em&gt;esa persona es muy activa/alerta y siempre esta listo para actuar&lt;/em&gt; es más simple decir &lt;strong&gt;Esa persona es muy pila&lt;/strong&gt; y de ahí el masculino y el femenino &lt;strong&gt;El niño es muy pilo&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;La niña es muy pila&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de la noticia efectivamente es la interjección y significa &lt;strong&gt;¡Alerta¡ ¡No se duerma! No dé papaya que le roban la bici&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&#xA;Con respecto a la palabra compuesta Biciusuario:&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&#xA;El término &quot;biciusuario&quot; lo inventaron en oposición a &quot;usuarios del transporte público&quot; para referirse a las personas &quot;usuarios de la bicicleta&quot; como &lt;strong&gt;medio de transporte&lt;/strong&gt; para desplazarse a sus lugares de trabajo y/o estudio, mientras que &lt;em&gt;ciclista&lt;/em&gt; tiene la connotación del uso deportivo de la bicicleta. Asociado al &lt;em&gt;biciusuario&lt;/em&gt; también tenemos la &lt;strong&gt;cicloruta&lt;/strong&gt; que son corredores anexos a las vías por donde deben circular los &lt;em&gt;biciusuarios&lt;/em&gt;. Efectivamente son dos palabras compuestas &lt;strong&gt;inventadas&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-08-07T10:15:36.157" LastActivityDate="2019-08-07T10:15:36.157" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20241" CreationDate="2017-03-27T20:55:44.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un ejercicio muy interesante. Let me try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;159 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te crees alma libre, &quot;salvaje&quot;, y temes te enjaulen. Niña,&#xA;  ya estás en una jaula, hecha por ti. No limita al oeste de&#xA;  Tulip, Tejas, ni al este de Somalilandia. Está donde vas. Pues&#xA;  aunque huyas, la jaula eres tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15307" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T10:06:32.947" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T10:06:32.947" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-03-28T06:56:12.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16324" CreationDate="2017-03-27T21:02:15.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo simplemente diria lo siguiente para explicar a los estudiantes que no tienen mucho conocimiento gramatical en cuanto a conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me alegro de algo :  Yo soy quien (me alegro de algo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me alegra algo    Algo me alegra (algo es lo que me alegra)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto me parece muy complicado para explicar cuando todavia desconocen terminos como frases subornidas, complementos, etc ya que desconocen su propia gramatica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15308" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T21:02:15.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20257" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-28T01:08:59.250" Score="3" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading Jorge Luis Borges, &quot;The Cruel Redeemer&quot; &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/borges-fictions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/borges-fictions.html&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Google Translate, the phrase, &quot;Murió y le dieron por sepultura sus aguas&quot; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He died and they buried his waters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if I translate this, literally, it means, &quot;He died, and they gave (through his grave) their waters.&quot; I'm not sure what the they is referring to. In the short story's actual translation, it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When de Soto died, &lt;strong&gt;the river's waters were his grave&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to get clarification on whether the they is referring to the river's waters. Or, is it that sus is actually its, but since water is plural, you have to use &quot;sus aguas&quot; instead of su aguas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15311" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T01:58:21.770" Title="Translation for &quot;Murió y le dieron por sepultura sus aguas&quot;" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20257" CreationDate="2017-03-28T01:58:21.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually refers that they have thrown his corpse to the river.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The actual fragment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EL LUGAR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Padre de las Aguas, el Mississippi, el río más extenso del mundo,&#xA;  fue el digno teatro de ese incomparable canalla. (Álvarez de Pineda lo&#xA;  descubrió y su primer explorador fue el capitán Hernando &lt;strong&gt;de Soto&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  antiguo conquistador del Perú, que distrajo los meses de prisión del&#xA;  Inca Atahualpa enseñándole el juego del ajedrez. &lt;strong&gt;Murió y le dieron por&#xA;  sepultura sus aguas&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Mississippi es río de pecho ancho; […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- Jorge Luis Borges, Uruguay&lt;br&gt;El atroz redentor Lazarus Morell&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar sepultura sus aguas&quot; means that what they had was the waters of the river and used that as a grave, thus...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15310" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T01:58:21.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20245" CreationDate="2017-03-28T02:48:05.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que &quot;Conchinchina&quot; se refiera a un lugar desconocido sino a un lugar lejano. &quot;aquí y en la Conchinchina&quot; significaría &quot;aquí y en cualquier parte del mundo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos circunstanciales de lugar, creo, se adaptan a la toponimia de cada lugar. En Argentina decimos, por ejemplo, &quot;de acá a La Quiaca&quot; o &quot;hasta en La Quiaca&quot; (una zona montañosa, famosa por sus quebradas, en el extremo norte del país) para significar, respectivamente, una gran extensión o un lugar muy distante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se utilizan expresiones bastante groseras para significar distancias (físicas o virtuales) extremas. Una de ellas hace alusión a las partes pudendas de la lora (sí, la hembra del loro), en expresiones como: &quot;Se fue hasta la c.... de la lora&quot;. También existe la forma eufemística de esta expresión: &quot;Vive en Pluma Verde&quot;, en alusión al plumaje que cubre las partes mencionadas . Otra expresión, también vulgar, es &quot;en la loma del o...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo confesar que nunca creí que iba a escribir esto en mi vida y espero que esta participación no opaque el escaso prestigio que pude haber obtenido hasta aquí, si es que obtuve alguno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T02:48:05.033" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20245" CreationDate="2017-03-28T02:53:02.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usamos expresiones tipo &amp;quot;Aquí y en la &lt;strong&gt;Conchinchina&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Aquí y en la China.&amp;quot; (o la &lt;em&gt;china chapuchina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pernambuco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Timbuktu&lt;/em&gt;) con el significado de &amp;quot;eso es así en todos lados; aquí y en un sitio muy lejano&amp;quot;. El que sea un sito lejano le da cierta validez de ser &amp;quot;universalmente cierta&amp;quot; a la afirmación, pues como decir &amp;quot;a lo largo del globo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;por todo el mundo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos querríamos trabajar poco y cobrar mucho. Eso es así aquí y en la Conchinchina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para designar otros lugares &amp;quot;genéricos&amp;quot; lejanos usamos expresiones como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso está en el &lt;strong&gt;quinto pino&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso está &lt;strong&gt;donde Cristo perdió el mechero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso está &lt;strong&gt;a tomar viento&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T03:20:23.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20252" CreationDate="2017-03-28T07:12:08.460" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tiene toda la pinta de ser una mezcla entre dos términos que significan exactamente lo mismo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=20cGojR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Almorranas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K9Amzqw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hemorroides&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (el diccionario traduce la primera directamente como sinónimo de la segunda). Dado que las partes centrales de ambas palabras contienen &lt;em&gt;-morr-&lt;/em&gt; es fácil confundirlas y acabar diciendo &lt;em&gt;almorroides&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podría haber sido &lt;em&gt;hemorranas&lt;/em&gt;. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T07:12:08.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21986" CreationDate="2017-03-28T07:36:25.463" Score="12" ViewCount="2585" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guifa &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20250/12637&quot;&gt;nos ha enseñado&lt;/a&gt; que en español existió la letra &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt;, hoy día desaparecida. Se puede encontrar en textos como el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] me obligo de dar e pagar a vós, Mateo Magno, vezino de la dicha civdad qu'está ý presente o a quien vuestro poder ubiere, ocho ducados que suman y montan tres mill maravedís [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Carta de obligación&quot;, 1566 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Durante qué periodo estuvo vigente esta letra? ¿Cuándo desapareció? ¿Se usaba en alguna otra palabra además de suelta? Y suelta, ¿servía para algo más además de como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T10:33:08.423" Title="Uso de &quot;ý&quot; en el español medieval" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20265" CreationDate="2017-03-28T12:45:03.633" Score="3" ViewCount="4809" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una extensión de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20211/6915&quot;&gt;pregunta de Carlos Alejo sobre &quot;la película va de un tío...&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Me he dado cuenta de que conozco la canción desde niño y nunca me había preguntado acerca del significado exacto de la letra. El sentido se entiende, no hay problema, pero en Chile y probablemente en Latinoamérica no usamos el verbo &quot;ir&quot; como lo usan en España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué acepción del verbo &quot;ir&quot; se usa acá, y cómo podríamos &quot;traducir&quot; este verso a un español más estándar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me va la vida, me va la gente de aquí y de allá...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T04:10:02.407" Title="Significado de &quot;me va&quot; en canción de Julio Iglesias" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20264" CreationDate="2017-03-28T13:34:26.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues yo diría que podría ser esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Sentar bien o mal a algo o a alguien. &lt;em&gt;Una blusa negra no le va a esa falda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que indica tal vez no sea exactamente el mismo (dado que el sujeto pasa de ser una cosa a una persona en tu caso), pero creo que cuando dices que &quot;algo te va&quot; es porque te sienta bien, es decir, que te gusta el efecto que eso produce en ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España tenemos un ejemplo muy conocido y publicitario: una marca de productos lácteos llamada Puleva (acrónimo de &lt;em&gt;PUra LEche de VAca&lt;/em&gt;, por si alguien no lo sabía) anuncia sus batidos con una cancioncita tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Batidos Puleva, le va, le va, le va.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, los batidos &quot;le van&quot; al que los toma (le sientan bien). Si quieres un ejemplo en español neutro, creo que podría ser simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta la vida, me gusta la gente de aquí y de allá...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso no es exactamente lo mismo, porque si digo &quot;me va&quot;, lo que me gusta no es la cosa en sí, sino el efecto que produce en ti. Es una diferencia sutil. Ejemplo: si dices que &quot;la falda le va a la blusa&quot; no quieres decir que te guste la falda o la blusa, sino la combinación de ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T13:42:02.733" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T13:42:02.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20273" CreationDate="2017-03-28T14:28:42.213" Score="2" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días, el director de La Vanguardia Màrius Carol terminaba su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/opinion/20170325/421159345216/el-taner-de-campanas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El tañer de campanas&lt;/a&gt; con la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Ciudad Eterna deberían &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; volver a tañer las campanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al leerlo me sonó un poco raro, así que la verbalicé. Y siguió sonándome postiza la posición del &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; entre &lt;em&gt;deberían&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;volver&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés se hace mucho hincapié en el orden los adverbios. En español no conozco reglas específicas, pues en general la posición de las palabras tiende a usarse para enfatizar una parte u otra. Por ejemplo, no tiene la misma connotación &lt;em&gt;le gusta mucho ese juego&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;mucho le gusta ese juego&lt;/em&gt;. De esto último se habló en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17009/1674&quot;&gt;In Spanish, do time declarations have to follow a specific order?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué un poco y encontré en Lingolía un artículo sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/adverbios/posicion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;posición de los adverbios&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Normalmente, el adverbio no [debe] aparecer entre el verbo auxiliar y el verbo principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&#xA;  - Ella había probado suficientemente la raqueta.&lt;sub&gt;(y no: Ella había suficientemente probado la raqueta.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿aplica esta regla a la frase que menciono al principio de la pregunta? ¿Sería más correcto decir lo siguiente? ¿Mantendría su sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Ciudad Eterna &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; deberían volver a tañer las campanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:55:16.150" Title="¿Hay alguna regla para la posición del adverbio en una frase?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-28T20:04:01.363" Score="5" ViewCount="1258" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain, why the opposite sentence to &quot;El caballo &lt;strong&gt;corre&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be &quot;El caballo no &lt;strong&gt;está corriendo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Why not &quot;El caballo no corre&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same: &quot;Los gatos duermen&quot; and (opposite) &quot;El gato no está durmiendo&quot;, but not &quot;El gato no duerme&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15317" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T22:17:49.827" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:02:18.623" Title="Difference between &quot;corre&quot; vs. &quot;corriendo&quot; and so on" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20267" CreationDate="2017-03-28T21:44:28.790" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the sentence &amp;quot;El gato duerme&amp;quot; (I'm using the singular here) could mean two things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cat sleeps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cat is sleeping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the opposite to the first sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cat does not sleep = El gato no duerme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the second it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cat is not sleeping = El gato no está durmiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you are correct but there are two &amp;quot;correct&amp;quot; alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies for the &amp;quot;El caballo corre&amp;quot; =  The horse runs or The horse is running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T10:01:08.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20264" CreationDate="2017-03-29T04:10:02.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que, aplicado a personas, el significado es muy parecido a &quot;caer bien&quot;. Aplicado a cosas, ese &quot;caer bien&quot; ya no cae tan bien... La frase en cuestión quizás se &quot;traduciría&quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta la vida, me cae bien la gente de aquí y de allá...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se rompe el paralelismo... :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posible &quot;traducción&quot; en otros contextos sería &quot;quedar(le) bien&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta camisa no me va   ----&gt; esta camisa no me queda bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T04:10:02.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20270" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20274" CreationDate="2017-03-29T08:02:25.487" Score="5" ViewCount="8086" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde que se lanzó la primera película de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113568/?ref_=nv_sr_2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ghost in the Shell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; allá por el año 1995, a veces los aficionados al anime hemos tratado de buscar cuál podría ser una posible traducción o adaptación de dicho título.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título hace referencia a la posibilidad de que una máquina que, en principio debería ser un cascarón vacío lleno simplemente con una determinada programación, comience a mostrar signos de estar realmente viva, y por tanto desarrollar un &quot;alma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la llegada de la adaptación en imagen real, aquí en España estamos viendo en los carteles precisamente ese subtítulo como posible adaptación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El alma de la máquina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, dicha adaptación me parece bastante fría, y pierde el sentido como de &quot;espectro&quot; o más bien &quot;presencia inesperada&quot;, &quot;presencia difícil de intuir pero que parece que algo hay ahí&quot;, encerrado en una carcasa vacía, dado que dicho subtítulo parece dar por sentado que la máquina ya tiene un alma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de traducciones literales como &quot;el fantasma en la concha&quot; (saludos a los Hispanoamericanos que se están partiendo de risa ahora mismo) o &quot;el espectro en la cáscara&quot;, me gustaría poder llegar a alguna traducción o adaptación que mantenga esa sutileza del título original, y que al mismo tiempo suene novelera (vamos, que suene bien, no forzada). ¿Cuál podría ser esa versión más fiel al original?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T08:42:58.083" Title="Posible traducción/adaptación del título de &quot;Ghost in the Shell&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20272" CreationDate="2017-03-29T08:22:24.457" Score="11" ViewCount="3761" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching some Argentinian &lt;em&gt;telenovelas&lt;/em&gt; to get used to Spanish language and noticed that there's a different pattern regarding the pronunciation of the imperative command than what Michel Thomas has taught me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michel Thomas has taught me that when you are in the &lt;em&gt;preeeesent&lt;/em&gt; tense you stress the syllable before last and that the same goes for imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;I take&quot; is &quot;tomo&quot; and &quot;take!&quot; is &quot;toma&quot; (informal) and what I hear in Argentinian &lt;em&gt;telenovelas&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;tomá&quot;. They also often say &quot;escucháme&quot; instead of &quot;escúchame&quot; or &quot;te quedás&quot;, or &quot;llamáme&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is pronunciation somewhat different from country to country or am I just mishearing things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15320" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T09:21:23.160" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T10:10:49.817" Title="Why is Argentinian pronunciation different from other countries?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20271" CreationDate="2017-03-29T08:46:33.027" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, your ears are perfectly fine. In fact, it is notable that you have noticed the difference between the two different forms of the imperative tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are indeed some differences between the verbs forms among countries. As an example, you can check the conjugation for imperative tense of the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZzcN8W0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (follow the link and click the blue button labelled &quot;Conjugar&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tú / vos            toma / tomá&#xA;usted               tome&#xA;vosotros, vosotras  tomad&#xA;ustedes             tomen&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the two different forms in the second person singular? They are &quot;toma tú&quot; and &quot;tomá vos&quot;. You will find those two forms also in the present tense (&quot;tú tomas&quot;, and &quot;vos tomás&quot;). In some countries the &quot;tú&quot; form is used, while in others the &quot;vos&quot; form is used. But both forms really mean the same, and are understood in every Spanish-speaking country. At most, if you use the &quot;vos&quot; form in, say, Spain, we will think that you (or your teacher) are from Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, I invite you to learn more about &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c44VWr2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Check the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/voseo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;voseo&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt; tag and you will find some more questions regarding this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T09:03:45.710" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:03:45.710" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20266" CreationDate="2017-03-29T11:15:06.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La intercalación de adverbios y perífrasis adverbiales en medio de perífrasis verbales y tiempos compuestos se trata en la gramática en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bepKRdTFvzzDsYsb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;epígrafes 28.5e y siguientes&lt;/a&gt;. Transcribo a continuación algunos extractos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las perífrasis verbales coinciden con los tiempos compuestos en admitir ciertos adverbios entre auxiliar y auxiliado, aunque estos últimos suelen estar [...] más limitados en esta pauta sintáctica. Resultan más naturales [...] oraciones como &lt;em&gt;Las discusiones solían invariablemente ser infructuosas&lt;/em&gt; que la variante con tiempo compuesto: &lt;em&gt;...habían invariablemente sido infructuosas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La interpolación de adverbios en los tiempos compuestos es poco frecuente en la lengua oral contemporánea. En la escrita la favorecen especialmente ciertos grupos de adverbios. Destacan, entre ellos, los aspectuales, sobre todo &lt;em&gt;ya, todavía&lt;/em&gt; y -en menor medida- &lt;em&gt;gradualmente, poco a poco, por completo&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares: [...] &lt;em&gt;Mi padre me había &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; enseñado con su ejemplo que la muerte es solamente un primer paso en nuestro viaje sin retorno hacia el silencio&lt;/em&gt;, [...]; &lt;em&gt;Ha sido verdaderamente accidental que el término se haya &lt;strong&gt;gradualmente&lt;/strong&gt; restringido para cierta clase concreta de asociaciones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los adverbios mencionados y otros semejantes pueden interpolarse igualmente entre los componentes de algunas perífrasis verbales, como &quot;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; + gerundio&quot; (&lt;em&gt;Iban &lt;strong&gt;progresivamente&lt;/strong&gt; disminuyendo&lt;/em&gt;), &quot;&lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; + gerundio&quot; (&lt;em&gt;Vienen &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; superando los dos mil dólares&lt;/em&gt;) y otras [...]: &lt;em&gt;No voy &lt;strong&gt;ahora&lt;/strong&gt; a insistir sobre la cuestión&lt;/em&gt;; [...]; &lt;em&gt;Las tropas chinas irían &lt;strong&gt;progresivamente&lt;/strong&gt; ocupando todas las regiones del país&lt;/em&gt;; [...]; &lt;em&gt;Edmundo pasó varias tardes en su piso franco hojeando revistas musicales y oyendo la radio para poder &lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt; dar alguna sugerencia útil y así hacerse valer&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Volvía &lt;strong&gt;de nuevo&lt;/strong&gt; a jugar la única carta que en mi situación podía jugar, la de quitarles importancia a las cosas&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Podía &lt;strong&gt;quizás&lt;/strong&gt; ser impura, pero no tenía nada de extraña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las perífrasis verbales aceptan las interpolaciones de palabras negativas, como en &lt;em&gt;No pudo ni siquiera llamarla&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Nadie iría nunca a pensar algo así&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los tiempos compuestos admiten los adverbios &lt;em&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; ante el participio [...], con la posible excepción de las formas monosilábicas [...] (&lt;em&gt;No has ni probado la ensalada&lt;/em&gt;). Admiten también los adverbios &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nadie lo había tampoco previsto&lt;/em&gt;) [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en el caso de tu ejemplo, al tratarse de una perífrasis verbal, se otorga a estas construcciones una cierta flexibilidad a la hora de intercalar elementos adverbiales, más que si fuese un tiempo compuesto. Por lo tanto, nada indica que el ejemplo sea incorrecto. Tal vez suene raro por infrecuente, pero nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T12:55:16.150" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:55:16.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20270" CreationDate="2017-03-29T13:09:58.840" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema para encontrar una traducción es que ambos sustantivos del subtítulo original en inglés son polisémicos y bastante ricos en asociaciones diversas, por lo cual inevitablemente se pierde algo no importa cómo se traduzca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, &lt;em&gt;ghost&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;fantasma&quot; hoy, pero hasta no hace demasiado tiempo significaba también &quot;espíritu&quot;; de ahí que &quot;Espíritu Santo&quot; se dijera &lt;em&gt;Holy Ghost&lt;/em&gt; y que existiese como sinónimo de &quot;morir&quot; la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/give_up_the_ghost&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;give up the ghost&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (algo así como &quot;abandonar/dejar ir el espíritu&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;concha, cascarón&quot;, refiriéndose tanto a moluscos como a las cáscaras duras de frutas y similares, pero en informática &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el mismo término&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a una interfaz de usuario (generalmente una interfaz de línea de comandos o &quot;consola&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El título &lt;em&gt;Ghost in the Shell&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a la expresión &lt;em&gt;ghost in the machine&lt;/em&gt;, que describe la idea dualista cartesiana de que existe un fantasma, espíritu o entidad no material que habita dentro del cuerpo material y lo dirige como si fuese una máquina. El uso de &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; juega con estos significados: la &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; es el exterior mecánico que envuelve un sistema cuyas profundidades íntimas son de otra manera inaccesibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El alma de la máquina&lt;/em&gt; no me parece una mala traducción; &lt;em&gt;El alma &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la máquina&lt;/em&gt; sería más acertado pero no suena bien en castellano; &lt;em&gt;Interfaz humano-máquina&lt;/em&gt; se acercaría más todavía pero ningún productor aceptaría semejante cosa como título. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T13:09:58.840" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20271" CreationDate="2017-03-29T13:45:35.450" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though I agree with the answer given by Carlos Alejo, in general I'd say you should stick to one form, unless you're confident with the language, and especially avoid mixing pronouns from one with verb forms from the other. That is, you should use &lt;em&gt;vos tomás&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tú tomas&lt;/em&gt;, etc.: if the pronoun is &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; the verb will have the accent on the last syllable; if it's &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, the &quot;regular&quot; accent. Some people in Uruguay will say &lt;em&gt;tú tomás&lt;/em&gt; but that's not usual elsewhere. In any case, of course, nobody will bat an eyelid at that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only real problem to watch out for is the stem-alternating verbs such as &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt;, because when you conjugate those it's not only the accent that moves, but also the vowel in the verb root. For example, in Spain you might hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me quieres? ¡Quiéreme mucho!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Muévete de ahí! ¿Por qué no te mueves?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in Argentina this will be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me querés? ¡Quereme mucho!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Movete de ahí! ¿Por qué no te movés?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; actually makes it easier for you when dealing with the stem-changing verbs, but then it's only in those forms when the accent is shifted away from the root.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T13:45:35.450" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20267" CreationDate="2017-03-29T14:33:50.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just for me your example is correct on the way to say &quot;El caballo no corre&quot; - &quot;The horse isn't run&quot;, because if you want to say &quot;El caballo no esta corriendo&quot; it would be using like that &quot;The horse is not running&quot; the ing at the end for me is always the meaning in spanish that finishes on &quot;ando&quot; and &quot;endo&quot; because is an action that is happening right now or could be on the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15325" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T14:33:50.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20271" CreationDate="2017-03-29T21:15:46.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pronunciation is indeed different, since in Argentina the spoken dialects (mostly &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rioplatense_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rioplatense Spanish&lt;/a&gt;) are different to the ones used in Spain (mostly &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castilian_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Castilian Spanish&lt;/a&gt;). This particular feature you refer to is a part of the so called &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voseo (Spanish pronunciation: [boˈse.o]) is the use of vos as a second person singular pronoun, including its conjugational verb forms in many dialects of Spanish. In dialects that have it, it is used either instead of tú, or alongside it. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Specifically, check out the Conjugation under the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Usage&lt;/a&gt; section)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Succintly, for Rioplatense Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Although apparently there is just a stress shift (from amas to amás), the origin of such a stress is the loss of the diphthong of the ancient vos inflection from vos amáis to vos amás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that despite many dialects are spoken in Argentina (like Andean Spanish, or Cuyo Spanish), most (if not all) Argentinian telenovelas are recorded in Rioplatense Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15327" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T21:17:51.103" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T21:17:51.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20279" CreationDate="2017-03-29T21:33:27.997" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an application which we are translating into Spanish.  In it we have a page where the user can see the current week and all of their upcoming orders that they need to work with.  We call that page &quot;Workbench&quot; in the menu in English.  It is currently translated as &quot;Banco de Trabajo&quot; in Spanish.  I just want to confirm that the metaphor aspect translates well.  Also confirmation that this is neutral/Latin America Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15328" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T10:20:12.107" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T10:20:12.107" Title="Is &quot;banco de trabajo&quot; appropriate for a virtual workbench?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20278" CreationDate="2017-03-29T22:10:20.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's OK. &quot;Banco de trabajo&quot; is the table (not the bench) that a carpenter or a fitter and turner use, where they normally have the vise and so many other tools. So it is just as wrong and just as correct as &quot;workbench&quot; (which has the same meaning and is also a table) :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Buenos Aires &quot;Banco de trabajo&quot; is more common than &quot;mesa de trabajo&quot; which also exists, but is rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T22:10:20.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2017-03-29T22:24:46.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una buena traducción sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;deslinde (de responsabilidad[es])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deslinde, según la RAE es la acción y efecto de deslindar.&#xA;Deslindar, según la misma fuente es (segunda acepción):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aclarar algo, de modo que no haya confusión en ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso cuadra muy bien con la definición de Merriam-Webster citada por @Carlos Alejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Integral del Español de la Argentina (ed.Voz Activa) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deslindar (segunda acep): Separar unas cosas de otras con el fin de distinguirlas y determinarlas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y da el ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La comisión debería deslindar las responsabilidades políticas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También define deslindarse como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 &lt;em&gt;intr&lt;/em&gt;. Mostrar o dejar en claro que no se está vinculado con algo a alguien. &lt;em&gt;Llamó a conferencia de prensea para deslindarse del atentado&lt;/em&gt;. || 2 &lt;em&gt;intr&lt;/em&gt; No hacerse cargo de una responsabilidad o de un problema: &lt;em&gt;Intenta deslindarse de sus obligaciones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a continuación define deslinde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 (...) || 2 &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; Separación de cosas que se realiza con el fin de distinguirlas o determinarlas: &lt;em&gt;el deslinde de responsabilidades&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece una familia de palabras más que adecuada para cláusulas legales y avisos que básicamente dicen: &quot;hasta acá nos hacemos cargo, más no&quot;, lo cual también remite a la primera acepción que dan ambos diccionarios (y cuya búsqueda dejo como ejercicio para el lector).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T10:44:47.673" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T10:44:47.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19953" CreationDate="2017-03-29T23:16:12.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Centro de percusión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación física completa: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l26nVKmShU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l26nVKmShU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aplicado al deporte: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szQOn2ObP7M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szQOn2ObP7M&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T23:16:12.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T02:25:54.873" Score="4" ViewCount="3223" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes words that are ostensibly given as translations of another aren't one-to-one correct.  For example, &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; are often given to mean lots of different English words, none of which captures the full meaning of the Spanish equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear &lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt; used more often among Spanish-speaking folk (I live in California, if that's relevant) than in English.  For example, when visiting a taqueria, the cook will often greet me with, &quot;Welcome, mi amigo&quot;, even if I've never met him before.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it's not unheard of for English-speakers to greet strangers with, &quot;Welcome, friend&quot; — particularly in some regions in America — it seems significantly less common; for some (like me) it comes off with a touch of presumptuousness — that to use that word there should be previous acquaintanceship. (For whatever reason, I adopt an entirely different — and welcoming — attitude when the phrase is spoken in Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it's regional and cultural, but I was wondering if there is an actual difference definitionally between &lt;em&gt;friend&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt; in a way similar to &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; — any nuance at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="741" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T04:41:33.023" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;friend&quot; and &quot;amigo&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T03:16:00.160" Score="5" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me encontré con &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/88064/how-to-not-appear-uninterested-in-an-interview#comment256269_88064&quot;&gt;una cita&lt;/a&gt; que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote the great David Mitchell &amp;quot;I think you mean &lt;strong&gt;uninterested&lt;/strong&gt;. All good policemen are &lt;strong&gt;disinterested&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=uninterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Uninterested&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; puede traducirse como &amp;quot;desinteresado&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;falto de interés&amp;quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=disinterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disinterested&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; puede traducirse también como &amp;quot;desinteresado&amp;quot; y &lt;em&gt;Wordreference&lt;/em&gt; incluso ofrece &lt;code&gt;indiferente&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;apático&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D6pvO1f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desinterés&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene los dos significados de &amp;quot;carente de interés&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;carente de la búsqueda de provecho propio&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Falta de interés&lt;/strong&gt; por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Desprendimiento&lt;/strong&gt; de todo provecho personal, próximo o remoto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que hay mucha controversia sobre el uso correcto de ambos términos en inglés. Como sugiere &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/usage/disinterested-or-uninterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este sitio&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[D]isinterested&lt;/strong&gt; should never be used to mean ‘not interested’ (i.e. it is not a synonym for &lt;strong&gt;uninterested&lt;/strong&gt;) but only to mean ‘impartial‘&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si entendemos que la frase original viene a significar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que quiso decir &amp;quot;carente de atención, ganas o interés&amp;quot;. Todos los buenos policías son &lt;em&gt;altruistas, sin segundas intenciones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles serían los términos correctos en español para traducir &lt;strong&gt;uniterested&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;disinterested&lt;/strong&gt; en esa frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:11:26.807" Title="Traduccion de Uninterested vs Disinterested en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20283" CreationDate="2017-03-30T03:32:57.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to be Captain Obvious here: &lt;code&gt;Amigo&lt;/code&gt; is Spanish for &lt;code&gt;Friend&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Friend&lt;/code&gt; is English for &lt;code&gt;amigo&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;amiga&lt;/code&gt;). It's just that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both languanges these terms could have a deeper meaning, like when you use &quot;friend&quot; to refer to someone who is &quot;more than just a friend&quot;. There would be a lot of connotation on your choice not only to use &lt;em&gt;friend&lt;/em&gt; but also to avoid &lt;em&gt;boyfriend or girlfriend&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the context you are providing on you question is impossible to give a generic or &quot;one size fits all&quot; type of answer. It may have more to do with an amalgam of cultures than a &lt;em&gt;nunace&lt;/em&gt; in the exact meaning of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A guy at a taquería uses a word in Spanish here or there? Who knows? Maybe has more to do with giving a certain &lt;em&gt;atmosphere&lt;/em&gt; to the business than to stress cultural differences. Maybe he thinks the patrons find it funny and colorful. Not necessarily needs to be a vailed statement for anything. It doesn't mean that the cook pretends to know you better or more than if using the English version of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are definitely right that some words can mean different things due to cultural differences. For exmplae, in English you say &quot;My dad is a doctor&quot;. In Spain we would favor &quot;Mi padre es un doctor&quot;. Only a child would use &quot;Mi papá es un doctor&quot;. But that actually may not be the case across other Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I think that you are completely overthinking this usage of &quot;amigo&quot; vs &quot;friend&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T03:32:57.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20283" CreationDate="2017-03-30T04:41:33.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes words mean the same thing, but the usage is a bit different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The friendly, welcoming use of &lt;em&gt;my friend&lt;/em&gt; in English by people whose first language is Spanish or Portuguese is a charming custom, and there is no reason for you not to adopt it if you feel so inclined.  The &amp;quot;my&amp;quot; at the beginning is pretty important to make this work.  Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can soften some sort of gentle scolding or advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend, I would not take what Lucy said so personally.  She was just trying to be funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amigo mío, no te ofendas.  Lucy se cree una chistosita.  No le hagas caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can make a warm greeting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zack, my friend, what's new with you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Zack, amigo!  ¿Qué me cuentas?  ¿Qué hay de nuevo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can bond with your friend (or relative!):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, my friend, you did the right thing by bla bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, cómo no, amigo mío, hiciste bien.  Fue muy correcto etc. etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T04:41:33.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20284" CreationDate="2017-03-30T05:24:00.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I needed some context for the quote, as it wasn't immediately obvious whether this person Mitchell was talking about an uninterested policeman.  It turns out he was.  As far as I can tell from my googling efforts, Mitchell appeared on some television program I never heard of, called &amp;quot;Would I Lie to You?&amp;quot;  I found a &lt;a href=&quot;https://rionaleonhart.dreamwidth.org/292753.html?thread=10587281&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more complete quote&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brydon [the host, I think] at one point described Mitchell's demeanour as 'like a disinterested policeman'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mitchell: Uninterested, surely. All good policemen should be disinterested. (Brydon is confused.) 'Disinterested' means 'impartial'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's how I would translate the (hopefully more accurate and complete) Mitchell quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que más bien Ud. quería decir que no me veo muy interesado, es decir, que no se me nota ninguna curiosidad por el asunto.  Todo buen policía debe mantenerse desinteresado.  &amp;quot;Desinteresado&amp;quot; quiere decir &amp;quot;imparcial.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples from other contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El juez no se veía muy interesado en el caso.  Durante las declaraciones preliminares bostezó varias veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la esposa del juez Martínez es prima hermana del acusado.  La prensa va a decir que Martínez no está desinteresado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:11:26.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20270" CreationDate="2017-03-30T05:52:42.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I looked it up in Wikipedia.  I can't say I understood what I read there, but I did see something about prosthetics.  It gave me a bit of the feeling of the Tin Woodman in the book &lt;em&gt;The Wizard of Oz&lt;/em&gt;, where through a series of accidents, each body part of the woodman has to be replaced by tin.  The Tin Woodman, until the Wizard gives him a symbolic heart, believes that he is just a shell of a man, and that the heart he used to have, when he was flesh and blood, is missing.  So here's my proposal (probably no good, but I offer it to further the discussion):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Alma Fantasma en el Cuerpo-Coraza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to convey is that there are two problems, one, that the body parts aren't original, and two, that whatever is occupying that strange shell of a body is more of a ghost than a true soul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T05:52:42.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20289" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20290" CreationDate="2017-03-30T06:29:43.803" Score="4" ViewCount="424" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm watching the first episode of &lt;em&gt;La Reina del Sur&lt;/em&gt;, for the sake of developing listening comprehension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one scene, a man tells his woman:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso nos tocó vivir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this mean? I don't trust Google translate for this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tocar&lt;/em&gt; seems to be one of those words that is used in a plethora of ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T06:47:05.587" LastActivityDate="2019-08-22T03:29:21.960" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;eso nos tocó vivir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20289" CreationDate="2017-03-30T07:00:21.167" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, the verb &lt;em&gt;tocar&lt;/em&gt; has (according to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zw9dWu5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;28 different meanings&lt;/a&gt;. The one you are seeking is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;24&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Caer en suerte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A typical sentence as an example of this meaning is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Me ha tocado la lotería! (I've won the lottery!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now think about life: nobody chooses his/her birth day or birth place. The day and place you are born come to you as a kind of lottery, and you can do nothing to change that. So the time in which you live is the result of that lottery. And the same happens with the situations you live in your life: you happen to be in some place, in some time, and you end up living something that you may not have chosen to live, but you have to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentence can be translated as something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We were chosen to live that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  That we had to live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's kind of a conformist view of the past events in your life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-22T03:29:21.960" LastActivityDate="2019-08-22T03:29:21.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20271" CreationDate="2017-03-30T10:10:49.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is pronunciation somewhat different from country to country or am I just mishearing things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it is even different within a country. Compare e.g. Steven Gerrard, Alan Shearer and Gary Lineker (OK, not Spanish, but I hope you understand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15335" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T10:10:49.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20284" CreationDate="2017-03-30T13:26:52.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem here is that the English language &lt;em&gt;shot itself in the foot&lt;/em&gt; with two words that in one definition are synonyms and in the other are not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Merriam-Webster (my go to English dictionary) David Mitchell is in some sense wrong since &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disinterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Disinterested&lt;/a&gt; has both meanings of &lt;strong&gt;not interested&lt;/strong&gt; and also &lt;strong&gt;not selfish, unbiased&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Definition of disinterested &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a :  not having the mind or feelings&#xA;  engaged&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b :  no longer interested&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  husband and wife become disinterested in each other — T. I. Rubin &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 :  free from selfish motive or interest  :  unbiased&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a disinterested decision&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/uninterested&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uninterested&lt;/a&gt; only means &lt;strong&gt;not interested&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we don't have &quot;uninteresado&quot; and we only have &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D6rCmSt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desinteresado&lt;/a&gt;&quot; that also has both meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue una propuesta desinteresada (libre de propósitos egoístas)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El se muestra desinteresado por el juego (no está interesado en el juego)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this makes things more confusing since the exact translation for both &lt;em&gt;uninterested&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;disinterested&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;strong&gt;desinteresado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to make it clear would be by using the definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;uninterested = not interested = sin interés&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  disinterested = (2)unbiased = imparcial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I think you mean uninterested. All good policemen are disinterested.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Creo que quiso decir &lt;em&gt;sin interés&lt;/em&gt;. Todos los buenos policías deben ser &lt;em&gt;imparciales&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T13:32:03.403" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T13:32:03.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20299" CreationDate="2017-03-30T14:40:29.247" Score="6" ViewCount="1238" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has its own flavor of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.full-stackagile.com/2016/02/14/team-organisation-squads-chapters-tribes-and-guilds/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spotify's organizational structure.&lt;/a&gt; I reside within a squad where my Squad Lead acts as both the Product Owner and the Scrum Master. I take &quot;orders&quot; from him, but I would put him on more of a &quot;Peer&quot; level than a &quot;Boss&quot; level in a hierarchical sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's originally from Guatemala and I want to address him in Spanish that would properly reflect such an organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's 15 years my senior, but I think &quot;Señor&quot; is too formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He often calls me &quot;dude,&quot; to which translates &quot;cuate&quot; (according to him).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He is okay with me calling him &quot;cuate&quot; but I don't know if that's too informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15336" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T17:51:31.113" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T00:50:19.743" Title="How to address my boss?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;guatemala&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20293" CreationDate="2017-03-30T15:13:45.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say, neither a scrum master nor a product owner are technically your boss (el &lt;em&gt;jefe&lt;/em&gt;), and that person is already addressing you as &quot;cuate&quot;. It is true that he might be more senior, but if I understand that organizational model you want your squads, guilds or whatever you want to call them (they are referred as &lt;em&gt;scrum teams&lt;/em&gt; in my organization) to have a &quot;flat&quot; structure. The &lt;em&gt;principal&lt;/em&gt; (software engineer) and the &lt;em&gt;seniors&lt;/em&gt; in my team are my &lt;em&gt;buddies&lt;/em&gt; rather than my &lt;em&gt;superiors&lt;/em&gt;. It would be perfectly fine your you to address him back as &lt;code&gt;cuate&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my suggestions to address this person would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;colega&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compañero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compadre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;socio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the like. You could use also &quot;jefe&quot; or señor&quot; if you do it in a playful way. &quot;Sí señor&quot; is the equivalent of &quot;Yes sir&quot;. You could use it here or there without meaning that there is a &quot;difference in rank&quot; between the two of you. Of course these two should not be your &quot;go to&quot; nouns to address this person. &quot;Amigo/a&quot; could work as well, since it is just a plain translation for &quot;friend&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T00:50:19.743" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T00:50:19.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20293" CreationDate="2017-03-30T21:37:15.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should consider not calling him anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why say &amp;quot;Good morning, dude!&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Good morning, sir!&amp;quot; when you can say &amp;quot;Good morning!&amp;quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, often the way you call someone is the main indicator of (in)formality, but in Spanish we have the vos/tú/usted treatments. In this case, you should use &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot; (since he's from Guatemala and you want something that sounds natural to him) or &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot; if you have learnt Spanish from a country that uses &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot; and don't feel comfortable with &amp;quot;vos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there's the first name, which would be adequate in this case and is OK in a wide range of formality levels, from the most informal to the mildly formal, even sometimes with &amp;quot;usted). So, e.g.: to get his attention if his looking the other way you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Oye!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Oye, Juan!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Juan!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a greeting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is not formal (as would be &amp;quot;¿Cómo está usted?&amp;quot;) but it is also nothing that could offend anyone (except the king or a pissed off policeman :-) ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that is the safest choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T21:37:15.050" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20284" CreationDate="2017-03-30T21:47:23.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider playing with the difference between ser and estar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Querrá decir que &lt;strong&gt;estaba&lt;/strong&gt; desinteresado. Un buen policía siempre &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; desinteresado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also made &quot;es&quot; bold for clarity's sake, but bear in mind that in actual delivery, it wouldn't be emphasized as much as the &quot;estaba&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This difference between &quot;ser desinteresado&quot; (impartial, altruistic) and &quot;estar desinteresado&quot; (bored, not paying attention) is quite general, and applies in many more contexts than this particular sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T21:47:23.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20267" CreationDate="2017-03-30T22:02:18.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is in which of the possible meanings a sentence defaults to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;el gato duerme&quot; I would typically understand that the cat is sleeping right now, unless you added something like &quot;el gato duerme todos los días&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some reason, that I can not understand myself, if you say &quot;el gato no duerme&quot; I tend to understand that the cat never sleeps, unless you add something like &quot;en este momento el gato no duerme&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while &quot;duerme&quot; can mean &quot;sleeps&quot; or &quot;is sleeping&quot;, the &quot;no&quot; switches what its default meaning is, and in the negative, to keep the same meaning that the affirmative defaulted to, you need the less ambiguous &quot;está durmiendo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, all the same applies to the example about the horse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:02:18.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20289" CreationDate="2017-03-30T22:24:19.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Definition 24, I also find 23 somewhat helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de una parte o porción de algo que se reparte entre varios o les es común: Caber o pertenecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are playing a card game or a board game, and someone loses track and doesn't realize it's his turn, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José, te toca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means, José, it's your turn, or, the turn order has gotten to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are cutting up a cherry pie into equal portions, and one child complains that he didn't get enough, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A cada quien le toca la octava parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means, everybody gets one-eighth, or, one-eighth goes to each person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your sentence is similar.  I would think of it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We lived through that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if my son is studying the Vietnam War era, I might sadly tell him, &quot;I lived through that.&quot;  Meaning, that war was my turn to live through.  Whereas my mother lived through World War II.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:24:19.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20293" CreationDate="2017-03-30T22:53:14.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's sounds like you want to address your colleague informally, with an expression of friendly esteem, but with an additional measure of respect because he's your senior in age and experience/skill.  But not so much additional respect that you would no longer feel like teammates.  This is going to vary a lot from place to place.  &amp;quot;Compa&amp;quot; (an affectionate shorthand for &amp;quot;compañero&amp;quot;) might work well in some places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, there's a great word for this.  There are two versions.  Say his name is Raúl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maestro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maestro Raúl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola, buenos días, Maestro Raúl.  ¿Cómo amaneciste?  [Or ¿Cómo te va? etc.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola, maestro. &lt;em&gt;This is good when you're in a hurry.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this is popular in Guatemala, but since it's a neighbor of Mexico, hopefully he'd be comfortable with this.  The major possible drawback is that it can be tricky for an Anglo to pronounce.  There is a variant of the pronunciation that you &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be able to get away with: &amp;quot;Maistro.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One step up on the respect and formality axis is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don Raúl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He might feel put off by this, though.  It kind of depends on exactly what customs he grew up with.  Therefore, I would suggest that you set up an example relationship, and ask him what honorific &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; would use.  I will assume for the following that you typically speak with him in English (let me know if that's wrong).  This would be something to ask over lunch, when you've got some time to shoot the breeze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Raúl, I have a question about Spanish.  When you were growing up, back in Guatemala, let's say you had a neighbor, a youngish adult, and your parents had trained you to call him &amp;quot;Don Roberto.&amp;quot;  Now let's imagine that when you grew up you ended up working with him.  Let's say you couldn't just call him &amp;quot;Roberto&amp;quot; -- it just didn't feel right -- then what would you call him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T22:53:14.587" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20300" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20301" CreationDate="2017-03-30T23:02:43.960" Score="1" ViewCount="2160" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo se usa cada palabra? Imagino que las diferencias son pequeñas (pero creo que, pero todavía quiero saber). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especialmente al decir &quot;too much consumption / over-consumerism&quot;, ¿cuál se usaría? (Por ejemplo, ¿se diría &quot;el &lt;strong&gt;consumo&lt;/strong&gt; excesivo&quot; o &quot;el &lt;strong&gt;consumismo&lt;/strong&gt; excesivo&quot; o &quot;el &lt;strong&gt;consumerismo&lt;/strong&gt; excesivo&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T04:58:36.723" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:33:12.030" Title="Consumo vs consumismo vs consumerismo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20300" CreationDate="2017-03-30T23:18:07.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Roughly speaking, Spanish &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AT2HJjb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consumismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means the same as English &lt;em&gt;consumerism&lt;/em&gt;, and Spanish &lt;em&gt;consumo&lt;/em&gt; means the same as English &lt;em&gt;consumption&lt;/em&gt; (in the economic sense of &quot;acquiring goods and services&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumerismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consumerismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a neologism that has nothing to do with English &lt;em&gt;consumerism&lt;/em&gt;. According to the Spanish Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;consumerismo&lt;/strong&gt; hace referencia a la soberanía del consumidor&#xA;  respecto a la de la oferta y es utilizado por agentes sociales en&#xA;  contacto con la defensa de los intereses de consumidores y usuarios,&#xA;  como las organizaciones de consumidores. Se expresa en los criterios&#xA;  que usan las personas para adquirir bienes o servicios&#xA;  conscientemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término engloba también un consumo responsable, ético y solidario, &gt; que consiste en consumir con criterios apropiados y racionales…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing: &lt;strong&gt;consumerismo&lt;/strong&gt; refers to the primacy of the consumer with respect to that of the offer. It is used when speaking of the defense of the interests of consumers and users. It is expressed in the criteria employed by people to acquire goods or services in a conscious manner. It includes responsible, ethical consumption, that is, consuming according to proper, rational criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in many senses, and in its positive connotations, &lt;em&gt;consumerismo&lt;/em&gt; is directly opposed to &lt;em&gt;consumerism&lt;/em&gt;, which is a pejorative word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that Spanish also has &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AT7bgEa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consunción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which is another word for &lt;em&gt;consumption&lt;/em&gt; that refers more to its meaning of debilitating disease (&lt;em&gt;consumption&lt;/em&gt; was the old term for tuberculosis in English). &lt;em&gt;Consunción&lt;/em&gt; can simply mean &quot;the action and effect of being consumed&quot;, but nowadays it's almost never used like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDENDA: Realizing I didn't answer about one detail... &lt;em&gt;Consumo excesivo&lt;/em&gt; is fine (talking about it either as a personal habit, a social custom, or a one-time spree). Just &lt;em&gt;consumismo&lt;/em&gt; (for the social aspect) is fine as well. &lt;em&gt;Consumismo excesivo&lt;/em&gt; seems redundant, since &lt;em&gt;consumismo&lt;/em&gt; by itself already denotes excess. &lt;em&gt;Consumismo sin control/descontrolado/sin freno/desenfrenado&lt;/em&gt; etc. come to mind in case you want to emphasize the excess (&lt;em&gt;desenfrenado&lt;/em&gt; ~ &quot;unbridled&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T10:33:12.030" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:33:12.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20303" CreationDate="2017-03-31T00:33:17.787" Score="0" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído ambos para describir cosas que son usados en cualquier industria, por ejemplo, equipamiento/equipmento para acampar o esquiar. ¿Son sinónimos perfectos o hay diferencias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T04:59:56.547" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T04:59:56.547" Title="Equipamiento vs equipmento" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20302" CreationDate="2017-03-31T00:42:19.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;code&gt;equipmento&lt;/code&gt; no existe en el lenguaje español. Puedes buscar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El sitio de la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; para confirmar mis dichos. Podría decirse que es un calco del inglés, ya que en ese lenguaje &lt;strong&gt;Equipamiento&lt;/strong&gt; se traduce como &lt;strong&gt;Equipment&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15343" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T00:42:19.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20307" CreationDate="2017-03-31T02:03:30.757" Score="3" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nuestra misión es reducir el consumo excesivo, al mismo tiempo que queremos hacer el contacto con la naturaleza más accesible a todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda mitad, se dice &quot;al mismo tiempo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; queremos&quot;. ¿Pueden explicarme este uso de la palabra &quot;que&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el sentimiento, pero no veo la forma gramática que esperaba. Lo habría escrito usando la forma de &quot;quiero que&quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] al mismo tiempo queremos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; hacer el contacto con la naturaleza &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; más accesible a todos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T11:17:19.827" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T11:17:19.827" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;que&quot; en esta frase?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-31T03:07:04.607" Score="6" ViewCount="2898" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una expresión que oigo mucho en el trabajo que es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is like playing &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whac-A-Mole&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;whac a mole&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whac-A-Mole es (o era) un juego de arcade (aunque he visto similares en ferias) en el que unos topos salen de sus agujeros en la mesa de juego y tienes que golpearlos con un mazo antes de que se vuelvan a esconder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sentido del modismo es describir una de estas situaciones donde de repente se surgen varias cosas a la vez que atender, y cuando terminas una parece que salen otras tantas nuevas. Por eso te encuentras de repente, como en el juego, dando frenéticos mazazos a ver si consigues terminar cuantas más cosas mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whac-A-Mole derivó en un par de juegos de mesa (o de &quot;alfombra&quot; incluso, de MB si no recuerdo mal) que por lo menos en España fueron traducidos como &quot;guacamole&quot; (pierde el significado del original de &quot;Machaca-un-topo&quot; pero conserva la sonoridad del vocablo original&quot; &quot;guacamole&quot; vs &quot;whac-a-mole&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna expresión o modismo en español que tenga el mismo sentido de &quot;surgen problemas nuevos tan rápidamente que casi no podemos asignarles prioridades y estamos intentando solucionarlos al vuelo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T04:56:27.573" LastActivityDate="2020-12-19T20:34:45.533" Title="¿Traducción para &quot;Whack a mole&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20245" CreationDate="2017-03-31T03:31:46.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Español no hay un nombre genérico para un lugar cualquiera. Al decir &amp;quot;fulano&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;mengano&amp;quot; queremos decir tanto &amp;quot;un señor cualquiera&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;un señor del que no sabemos el nombre&amp;quot; (que sería &amp;quot;un desconocido&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no se aplica a países. Lo más parecido sería usar &amp;quot;donde sea&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;no se dónde&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es como si llegase fulanito y dijese que quiere ir hasta no se dónde con todos los gastos pagados. Evidentemente no se puede&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este ha estado de vacaciones donde sea y va a venir como siempre con las fotitos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evidentemente esto es un equivalente &amp;quot;geográfico&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;quien sea&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;no se quién&amp;quot; para personas, pero mientras que para personas tenemos tanto el &amp;quot;fulano&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;mengano&amp;quot; etc. para países no hay nombre genérico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T03:31:46.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20304" CreationDate="2017-03-31T04:33:51.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu versión no está mal, pero efectivamente hace de la frase dos oraciones, haciendo la locución &lt;em&gt;al mismo tiempo&lt;/em&gt; sinónima del adverbio &lt;em&gt;simultáneamente&lt;/em&gt; (y en tal caso, lo normal sería escribirlo como dos oraciones con coma después de &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt;). Como prueba de ello, el &lt;em&gt;queremos&lt;/em&gt; en tu versión solo se podría admitir en el indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el ejemplo que citas, la locución &lt;em&gt;al mismo tiempo que&lt;/em&gt; significa básicamente lo mismo de &lt;em&gt;mientras que&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, funciona como conjunción subordinante. Para verificar el estado de la cláusula como subordinada, notamos que se aceptaría tanto subjuntivo como indicativo después del &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (con interpretaciones algo diferentes, no son intercambiables semánticamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T10:27:17.113" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:27:17.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20310" CreationDate="2017-03-31T05:35:02.717" Score="2" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the end of &quot;El Relato de un Náufrago&quot; by Gabriel García Márquez. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Casi todos los días voy al cine. Y siempre acompañado. Pero el nombre&#xA;  de la acompañante es lo único que no puedo revelar, &lt;strong&gt;porque pertenece a&#xA;  la reserva del sumario&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest translation I could find is &quot;It is the subject of the indictment.&quot; which doesn't make sense here because there is no trial. Can it mean &quot;it's up to the discretion of the subject&quot; or merely &quot;because it's a secret&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T07:09:21.217" Title="What does &quot;pertenece a la reserva del sumario&quot; mean in this context and in general?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20319" CreationDate="2017-03-31T05:48:36.127" Score="3" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble understanding the grammar in this excerpt from the novel by ANTONIO SANTA ANA: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano hubiese cumplido ayer 31 años, pero murió hace 5. Se había&#xA;  ido de casa a los 18, yo tenía 5 años. Mi familia nunca le perdonó&#xA;  ninguna de las dos cosas, &lt;strong&gt;ni que se haya ido, ni que se haya muerto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a concrete rule dictating why the author chose the subjunctive? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T15:16:38.073" Title="Why is the subjunctive used in &quot;Los Ojos del Perro Siberiano&quot;, &quot;nunca le perdonó...ni que se haya ido, ni que se haya muerto.&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20308" CreationDate="2017-03-31T07:09:21.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right. The expressions &quot;reserva del sumario&quot; or &quot;secreto del sumario&quot; mean, according to the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dej.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del español jurídico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Declaración expresa en virtud de la cual las diligencias de investigación permanecen secretas hasta la apertura del juicio, pudiendo ser total o parcial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Statement under which the investigation proceedings remain secret until the beginning of the trial, be it total or partial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression can be translated as &quot;secrecy of the investigation&quot; and, as you say, implies a future trial. But you are reading a novel, and things like that are just literary resources, so they cannot be taken to the letter. What the character is saying is, as you have correctly predicted, that the name of his companion is something he prefers to keep in secret.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T07:09:21.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20305" CreationDate="2017-03-31T10:39:57.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre una expresión que sea igual de corta y que no precise de más aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es como jugar a los marcianitos: por muchos que mates siempre vienen más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;marcianitos&quot; obviamente no viene en la RAE. Aquí en España se usó cuando el &lt;em&gt;boom&lt;/em&gt; de las máquinas recreativas (&quot;ya está el niño jugando a los marcianitos&quot;), sobre todo debido a las primeras tipo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Invaders&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Space Invaders&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. A partir de ahí se denominaba así a casi cualquier máquina recreativa, o incluso a aquellas máquinas tipo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_%26_Watch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Game &amp;amp; Watch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de los años 80, que también ofrecían un sistema de juego que se repetía sin final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La idea de competitividad está tan extendida, que Juanito, quien ante una máquina de &quot;marcianitos&quot; afirmaba &quot;no me gusta perder ni a las canicas&quot;, tenía un monumental enfado, medio simulado, medio en serio, al terminar el encuentro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Artículo de ABC, 18/05/1982: &quot;Hoy se entrenarán en Valencia, tras el viaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Añadió que esperaba que los ordenadores sirvieran para algo más que para que los funcionarios jugaran a los marcianitos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Artículo de ABC, 15/04/1989: &quot;Definitivo: Entre 1.700 y 2.000 contratados a dedo se convertirán en funcionarios&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España, las máquinas de tipo Whac-A-Mole no son muy conocidas, al menos por ese nombre. Alguna se ve en algún salón recreativo, pero la gente seguramente las conocerá como &quot;la máquina esa de aporrear bichos&quot;. Al no haber tenido mucho éxito no tiene un nombre popular por el que ser identificada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T22:14:56.130" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T22:14:56.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20305" CreationDate="2017-03-31T11:15:58.810" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión muy habitual es &lt;em&gt;no dar abasto&lt;/em&gt;. Se usa cuando los problemas o tareas aparecen a un ritmo mayor al que puedes manejar. Es menos colorista que la inglesa, pero muy usada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No doy abasto para atender a todos los clientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El servicio de atención al cliente no daba abasto con tantas quejas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T11:15:58.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20309" CreationDate="2017-03-31T14:06:40.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can see, this is one of those usages of the subjunctive that you have to learn by heart. Wikipedia says: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The subjunctive of a verb is used to express certain connotations in&#xA;  sentences such as a wish or desire, a demand, an emotion, uncertainty,&#xA;  or doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I guess &lt;em&gt;perdonar&lt;/em&gt; might go under the &quot;emotion&quot; verbs. It does indeed require the subjunctive in phrases like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le perdono que me haya abandonado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Nunca me perdonó que le hubiese gritado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As noted in the comments, the mix of tenses in the text you cited is a bit odd, but depending on your understanding of the situation, it might be OK. Or maybe it's ungrammatical but the text simply reflects careless, natural speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colloquially, I wouldn't find fault with using the indicative tense in the examples (&lt;em&gt;No le perdono que me abandonó&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), but I think this might be dialectal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T14:06:40.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20320" CreationDate="2017-03-31T14:26:24.923" Score="4" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tenemos una tienda que está abierta 4 horas al día. Al mismo tiempo, queremos que sea conveniente para todos los clientes. Entonces, si una persona hace un pedido en nuestro sitio de web, puede elegir una hora fuera del horario normal para visitar la tienda (como una cita, appointment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos que muchos clientes no entienden esta filosofía. Siempre preguntan, en este caso, &quot;¿por qué no estás abierto 24/7?&quot; Porque no sería justo para los empleados mantener a alguien dentro 24/7, aunque nadie planea entrar, por ejemplo a las 03:00 (¡y tampoco tendríamos los recursos para hacerlo!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, para que todos nos entiendan, lo explicamos como un chiste. En inglés, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Schedule: Monday 1-5pm...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, you can pick a different time (24/7) to come to the store or you can choose to get delivery if you order online first (with a minimum 1 hour's notice). Basically, we want to be convenient for you &amp;amp; fair to our staff (so no one is chained inside at all hours!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya lo probamos, ¡y con esa explicación todo el mundo lo entiende! Ahora tengo que traducirlo al español y no estoy seguro si el chiste ligero... traduce bien? (como no soy latino, no sé si existen connotaciones en lo que traduje)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Horario: Lunes 13:00-17:00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También puede elegir otra hora de visitarnos (24/7 cuandoquieras) o puede elegir de recibir una entrega cuando haga una pedida por nuestro sítio de web por lo menos 1 hora antes que quieras venir o quieras recibir la entrega. Básicamente, queremos ser conveniente para usted y justo para nuestro empleados (para que no haya nadie cerrado por llave adentro todo el día!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué os parece?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para clarificar: cuando hagas un pedido por internet, tienes DOS opciones (¡elige una!):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;indicar una hora 24/7 fuera del horario normal para visitarnos en nuestra tienda, o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;indicar una hora 24/7 (durante el horario normal o afuera) para recibir una entrega (o sea si quieras recibir una entrega, por supuesto sería 24/7)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T17:58:03.367" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T01:45:16.830" Title="Traducir el chiste en &quot;so no one is chained inside at all hours!&quot; en su contexto" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20305" CreationDate="2017-03-31T14:43:14.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión con sentido similar es &quot;Jugando al gato y al ratón&quot;, en el sentido que es una cacería infructuosa que nunca acabará, pues el ratón siempre logra escabullirse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa en México cuando por ejemplo​; llamas por teléfono a un cliente,  y no se encuentra disponible. Dejas tu número y recado en el correo de voz. Cuando el cliente te devuelve la llamada, ahora tú estás ocupado! El cliente deja recado en tu buzón . Cuando por fin logran coincidir, el comentario &lt;em&gt;&quot;Caramba, parece que estamos jugando al gato y al ratón&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es apropiada para describir la situación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T18:05:28.747" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T18:05:28.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-31T17:34:42.923" Score="10" ViewCount="1680" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario de la RAE, &lt;strong&gt;estrella&lt;/strong&gt; procede del latin &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;stella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, sin &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Cómo adquirió esa &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;? No parece que sea por dificultades en la pronunciación sin la &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que existen las palabras &lt;strong&gt;estela&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;estelar&lt;/strong&gt; [aunque tienen etimologías diferentes].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15346" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T21:39:04.397" Title="¿Por qué la palabra &quot;estrella&quot; lleva una &quot;r&quot; si viene del latin &quot;stella&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20314" CreationDate="2017-03-31T17:54:48.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo habría traducido &amp;quot;chained&amp;quot; como &lt;code&gt;encadenado&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para que no haya nadie &lt;strong&gt;encadenado&lt;/strong&gt; adentro todo el día!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero mi elección habría sido usar &amp;quot;esclavizado&amp;quot;, pero reconozco que puede ser un poco más controvertida (y no tienes una traducción literal del texto en inglés...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para que no haya nadie &lt;strong&gt;esclavizado&lt;/strong&gt; dentro todo el día!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar de &amp;quot;dentro&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;adentro&amp;quot; también podrías usar &amp;quot;en la tienda&amp;quot;. No es una traducción literal pero creo que mantiene el sentido mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para que no haya nadie &lt;strong&gt;encadenado&lt;/strong&gt; en la tienda todo el día!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para que no haya nadie &lt;strong&gt;esclavizado&lt;/strong&gt; en la tienda todo el día!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T21:22:33.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20316" CreationDate="2017-03-31T21:39:04.397" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Paul M. Lloyd (&lt;em&gt;Del latín al español, I. Fonología y morfología históricas de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;), esa /r/ es una consonante &quot;parásita&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ep%C3%A9ntesis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;epentética&lt;/a&gt;. En sí esto no explica nada, sino que sólo lo nombra; la /r/ apareció allí por alguna razón y los hablantes la adoptaron. Lloyd menciona varios ejemplos donde una forma latina sin /r/ pasó a una lengua romance con una /r/ intrusiva que apareció luego de una consonante oclusiva (generalmente ocurre luego de una dental):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lat. &lt;em&gt;stēlla&lt;/em&gt; &gt; esp. &lt;em&gt;estrella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lat. &lt;em&gt;phaseolu(m)&lt;/em&gt; &gt; esp. &lt;em&gt;frijol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lat. &lt;em&gt;fortitia&lt;/em&gt; &gt; francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;fortrece&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lat. &lt;em&gt;thesauru(m)&lt;/em&gt; &gt; francés &lt;em&gt;trésor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También cita el caso de &lt;em&gt;estropajo&lt;/em&gt;, cuya forma original española era &lt;em&gt;estopajo&lt;/em&gt;, y para terminar menciona, en la categoría de intrusiones consonánticas espontáneas, la nasal epentética que aparece sin motivo alguno en el español &lt;em&gt;mancha&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;macula&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente &lt;em&gt;stēlla&lt;/em&gt; proviene de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%82st%E1%B8%97r&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una raíz indoeuropea&lt;/a&gt; que tenía una /r/, como puede observarse en su evolución en otras lenguas (es la misma /r/ que se encuentra en la raíz de las palabras &lt;em&gt;astro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;asteroide&lt;/em&gt; y en la del inglés &lt;em&gt;star&lt;/em&gt; o el alemán &lt;em&gt;Stern&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;estela&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo común tiene dos significados diferentes, ambos sin relación con el latín &lt;em&gt;stēlla&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;estelar&lt;/em&gt; sí proviene de allí (del adjetivo latino &lt;em&gt;stellāris&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T21:39:04.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20309" CreationDate="2017-04-01T01:24:23.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd just like to add to pablodf76's excellent answer that, according to the NGLE (New Grammar of the Spanish Language), this case of subjunctive could be described as &quot;affection&quot; (&lt;em&gt;afección&lt;/em&gt;) or &quot;appraisal&quot; (&lt;em&gt;valoración&lt;/em&gt;). These are the examples provided under each concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AFECCIÓN: &lt;em&gt;Alba perdió el temor  de que su madre la &lt;strong&gt;abandonara&lt;/strong&gt;; Entonces me entró miedo de que nos &lt;strong&gt;viera&lt;/strong&gt; alguien; Había tenido la esperanza de que al entrar, Felipe &lt;strong&gt;estuviera&lt;/strong&gt; de lado; Me da pena que alguien &lt;strong&gt;sufra&lt;/strong&gt; por tu muerte; [...] Lamento que nunca &lt;strong&gt;hayas sabido&lt;/strong&gt; amar.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  VALORACIÓN: &lt;em&gt;Fue una suerte que &lt;strong&gt;aceptara&lt;/strong&gt; efectuarlo; Creo que es una locura que &lt;strong&gt;hayas vuelto&lt;/strong&gt;; A mí no me parece mal que &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; novia; Entonces no veía bien que una señorita &lt;strong&gt;hiciera&lt;/strong&gt; mandados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other contexts that require subjunctive, according to the NGLE, are willingness, intention and influence; opposition; cause; achievement; tendency or inclination; and frequency or infrequency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under Chapter 24, The Verb, I find two references to the point at issue (the use of subordinate &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; perfect subjunctive with superordinate &lt;strong&gt;past&lt;/strong&gt; indicative) that seem contradictory (first they claim that mixing past and present may not sound like educated Spanish, but then they admit that there are instances in which such combination is allowed):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;24.1.1e [...] En estas variantes (algunas variantes del español popular andino y, en menor medida, del rioplatense) son comunes secuencias como &lt;em&gt;No llovió. Yo quería que llueva&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;... que lloviera&lt;/em&gt;), y también las correspondientes con los tiempos compuestos &lt;em&gt;Yo quería que haya llovido&lt;/em&gt; (por *...que hubiera llovido). Estos usos no han pasado a los registros formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to say that the second sentence above, &lt;em&gt;Yo quería que haya llovido&lt;/em&gt;, sounds terrible to me and to most Spanish speakers. However, we then find this (V1 is the main verb, and V2 is the subordinate one):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;24.3.2e Se denomina DOBLE ACCESO (también DOBLE ANCLAJE O DOBLE ORIENTACIÓN TEMPORAL) a la doble dependencia temporal que muestra V2 en ciertos contextos de subordinación, es decir, al hecho de que V2 puede estar orientado desde el momento del habla, a la vez que en función del tiempo expresado por V1. [...] &lt;em&gt;El jefe &lt;strong&gt;comunicó&lt;/strong&gt; el martes pasado que Pedro &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; trabajando estos días en un nuevo proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the sentence in question could very well be defined as a case of double temporal reference: &lt;em&gt;Mi familia nunca le perdonó ninguna de las dos cosas, ni que se haya ido, ni que se haya muerto.&lt;/em&gt; (My family never forgave him either of these two things: the fact that he has left, and the fact that he has died.) I find it harder to explain &quot;has left&quot;, as this was obviously previous to the person's death (the only reason could be that the writer meant for those two verb phrases to form a pair, that is to say, he just wanted to seek parallelism). However, his death has &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; results (&lt;strong&gt;he is now dead&lt;/strong&gt;), and this is something that has never been and will never be forgiven, as the writer intends to express in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T15:16:38.073" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T15:16:38.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20314" CreationDate="2017-04-01T15:07:04.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a little ambiguity with &quot;is chained&quot;: if you are in chains, or if I chain you, in both cases someone could say &quot;you are chained&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would take the &quot;put someone in chains&quot; meaning and translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para que no nos haga falta dejar a nadie encadenado al mostrador todo el día&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating very literally back to English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So we don't need to leave anybody chained to the counter all day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two changes: &lt;em&gt;chained to the counter&lt;/em&gt; instead of just &lt;em&gt;inside&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;we leave him/her chained&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;he is chained&lt;/em&gt;... but I think these changes help keep the humorous tone and make the Spanish rendition much more natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T15:07:04.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20305" CreationDate="2017-04-01T15:30:06.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se suele hablar de &quot;incendios&quot; y de &quot;estar incendiados&quot; o &quot;vivir (constantemente) incendiado&quot;, implicando que como en un incendio forestal, surgen focos de incendio por todos lados, y mientras uno apaga un arbusto, otro se enciende en otro lado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, para realzar la cualidad netamente reactiva de la situación solemos decir &quot;estamos siempre corriendo de atrás&quot; (como persiguiendo a alguien o algo que se escapa en vez de estar esperándolo más adelante en su camino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si alguna de estas expresiones es de uso común en otras regiones...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T15:30:06.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20289" CreationDate="2017-04-01T15:37:05.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That's our lot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(That is what what luck/fate/God has given us in life)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T15:37:05.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-01T23:54:55.117" Score="6" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an art project that I would like to collect the hundreds of different transliterations of 「中文」 zhōng wén in Mandarin Chinese. (Pronunciation available here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#zh-CN/de/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://translate.google.com/#zh-CN/de/中文&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I transliterate zhōng wén in Spanish? (For example, &quot;zhong wen&quot; would be the closest pronunciation in English.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T09:31:27.567" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T11:43:29.600" Title="How to transliterate 中文 in Mandarin pronunciation to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;transliteración&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20348" CreationDate="2017-04-02T01:12:53.367" Score="3" ViewCount="727" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a recent question, there was a use of &quot;a&quot; that seemed strange.  Title of the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sustantivos para designar a un lugar cuyo nombre se desconoce&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The OP defended the &quot;a&quot; as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraido de un artículo de prensa (negritas mías): &quot;Un escritor de Castilla, que se llamaba Miguel de Cervantes, aludía con frecuencia a las diferentes denominaciones vernáculas del bacalao; en cada región española hay un nombre especial para &lt;strong&gt;designar a&lt;/strong&gt; ese delicioso pez noruego e islandés.&quot;       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;designar a una persona, por ejemplo a un actor,&quot; is perfect, and &quot;designar a un pez&quot; is iffy, and &quot;designar a un lugar&quot; looks all wrong to me.  But I tend not to feel very confident about grammar stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any rules of thumb, patterns or observations about customs in various regions that could give some helpful context to this difference of opinion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T10:15:15.280" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T11:19:43.830" Title="When to use &quot;a&quot; with &quot;designar&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-02T02:33:13.870" Score="4" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;code&gt;thought leader&lt;/code&gt; viene a ser un visionario en una cierta industria. Estas personas son valoradas en la industria por sus opiniones informadas  y son reconocidas como autoridades en sus respectivas materias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &quot;thought leaders&quot; no solo van varios pasos por delante de los demás, sino que son los que &quot;tiran del carro&quot; haciendo que la industria vaya hacia delante con innovadoras y revolucionarias ideas. Saben cómo hacer realidad sus ideas y convertirlas en éxitos de mercado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción directa al español, &lt;em&gt;líder de pensamiento&lt;/em&gt;, me suena a &quot;alto mando de una secta&quot;. &quot;Líder de industria&quot; suena un poquito mejor, pero no sé si captura todo lo que es un &quot;thought leader&quot; y quizá englobe a personalidades que son brillantes y exitosas en los negocios, pero no necesariamente &quot;thought leaders&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si hay una traducción aceptada para este término en español o si alguien puede proponer alguna que sea más pegadiza, rimbombante o inspiradora que las que yo he puesto de ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T09:22:25.797" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T21:48:58.853" Title="¿Traducción para &quot;Thought Leader&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20325" CreationDate="2017-04-02T03:05:54.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D5s74KK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;designar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; we are dealing with is this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Denominar, indicar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that the phrase &quot;...designar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; un lugar...&quot; is wrong. &quot;designar a &lt;strong&gt;ese&lt;/strong&gt; delicioso pez noruego e islandés&quot; may be accepted on the basis of this rule stated at the very beginning of Source 1 below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] lo habitual es que el CD lleve la preposición &quot;a&quot; cuando su referente es &lt;strong&gt;específico y animado&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;  [...]&#xA;  No encuentro &lt;strong&gt;a mi gato&lt;/strong&gt;. [negritas mías]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;ese delicioso pez...&quot; is, as a matter of fact, specified and animate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two sources (the first one largely based on the second one) that provide some useful rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Complemento%20directo%20preposicional.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for some reason I can't quite define, verbs like &quot;designar&quot;, &quot;denominar&quot; or &quot;nombrar&quot; (all synonyms) do not sound as bad, if followed by &quot;a&quot; plus an inanimate object, as do other verbs like &quot;indicar&quot;. One possible explanation might be that those three verbs sound very much like &quot;referirse &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;asignar un nombre o denominación &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Another might be that those verbs usually take a direct object (DO) AND an object complement (OC), and the presence of two complements may render &quot;a&quot; more acceptable or even justified as a means to differentiate the DO (preceded by &quot;a&quot;) from the OC. This acceptability of &quot;a&quot; even extends to structures like &quot;nombre con que se denomina &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; ...&quot;, even if what follows is an inanimate object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples which, even if wrong according to strict grammar rules, do not sound so terrible to my native ears. In fact, I've taken them from Google books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La expedición &lt;strong&gt;nombró a ese lugar&lt;/strong&gt; Puerto del Castigo... (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Mmwk95ZWdgkC&amp;amp;pg=PA509&amp;amp;lpg=PA509&amp;amp;dq=%22nombro%20a%20ese%20lugar%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=XFH48-0HCa&amp;amp;sig=NavJoy6Ylb_Ja0vkGiHWALsZL8w&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj297rf34TTAhXHGpAKHU4GDbIQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22nombro%20a%20ese%20lugar%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;denominaron a este estilo&lt;/strong&gt; de liderazgo como maquiavelismo. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=KxKTlX1s6SAC&amp;amp;pg=PA596&amp;amp;dq=%22denominaron%20a%20este%20estilo%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwii-uPc4YTTAhWCjJAKHfiXCxcQ6AEIGDAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22denominaron%20a%20este%20estilo%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;designa a ese fenómeno&lt;/strong&gt; como &quot;Derecho Trasnacional&quot; ... (See line 5, paragraph 2, of the footnote &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=N5bMT6yC9vUC&amp;amp;pg=PA58&amp;amp;dq=%22designa%20a%20este%20fenomeno%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjA2vfY4oTTAhUHxpAKHVuBBEAQ6AEIGDAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22designa%20a%20este%20fenomeno%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T13:42:27.630" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T13:42:27.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20336" CreationDate="2017-04-02T04:48:21.507" Score="10" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I was ordering at the local taqueria and I wanted to ask whether my meal came with chips.  The verbatim translation would use the verb 'venir', something like &quot;viene con chips&quot;, but this seems like an abuse of the word venir.  One could ask whether &quot;mi orden incluye chips&quot; but this seems a little too formal.  What would be the best way to ask this, specifically in an informal/casual Mexican dialect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15363" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T09:20:13.990" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T06:42:15.160" Title="How to say 'Does it come with...?' like at a restaurant" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20329" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20331" CreationDate="2017-04-02T05:04:29.243" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;En 14:36 de &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/POG8X5meji4?t=868&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este programa&lt;/a&gt;, ¿qué dice el chico? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime, ¿estás... queardas?  // ¿que ardas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre lo oigo, me parece que signifique &quot;estás listo&quot; pero no estoy seguro porque nunca he descubierto como escribir esa palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:45:11.613" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T16:45:11.613" Title="¿Qué dicen en este fragmento de serie? ¿Está diciendo &quot;Dime, ¿estás... queardas?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20328" CreationDate="2017-04-02T05:42:56.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Lleva patatas/chips?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; is grammatically wrong (and idiomatically awkward in any case), as &lt;em&gt;ir/venir&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;llevar/traer&lt;/em&gt;) don't work exactly as in English, and this is one case in which the perspective of the speaker changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I would definitely not use &lt;em&gt;orden&lt;/em&gt; as a translation of &lt;em&gt;order&lt;/em&gt;, although I think it's quite common in Mexican Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T05:42:56.213" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20329" CreationDate="2017-04-02T09:16:32.847" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy bastante seguro de que lo que dice el chico es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime, ¿estás que ardes, Natsu?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nótese el debate sobre Nacho, Natxo, Natsu en los comentarios.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;estar que arde&lt;/em&gt; puede tener bastantes connotaciones, todas ellas indicando intensidad de una sensación y equivalentes a &lt;em&gt;estar al rojo vivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esa serie los personajes principales intentan seducirse el uno al otro. Últimamente la cosa está que arde, ¡yo creo que en breve se acabarán liando!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también puede utilizarse en contextos no erótico-amorosos, sino también de enojo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al chico le han estafado por internet. ¡Está que arde! Como encuentre al ladrón no sé qué le hará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, la expresión es usada para denotar situaciones de alta carga de amor-odio. Como no tengo ni idea de qué va esta serie, no puedo aventurar el significado exacto en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T06:26:02.207" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T06:26:02.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14867" CreationDate="2017-04-02T13:27:26.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dar papaya significa &quot;descuidarse&quot;, &quot;dar oportunidad&quot;, &quot;distraerse&quot;, en el argot coloquial de los colombianos. Asimismo, es una descripción de algo demasiado fácil, comparable con tomar un pedazo de dicha fruta cuando está madura, la cual se encuentra silvestre en la flora del país cafetero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15366" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T14:30:46.150" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T14:30:46.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20326" CreationDate="2017-04-02T14:51:04.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me aventuro con ésta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ju4WKQL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gurú&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del sánscr. &lt;em&gt;gurú&lt;/em&gt;, var. de &lt;em&gt;gurús&lt;/em&gt;; propiamente 'pesado, grave'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. m. En el hinduismo, maestro espiritual o jefe religioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. m. y f. Persona a quien se considera maestro o guía espiritual, o a quien se le reconoce autoridad intelectual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo antecedentes de que se use en otros países, pero en Chile es habitual desde hace unas dos décadas (aunque siento que tal vez tiene un tinte peyorativo, como de &quot;iluminado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T14:51:04.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16671" CreationDate="2017-04-02T14:58:58.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the simplest explanation it that &quot;por&quot; means that something has happened during all the extension of the time period mentioned, whereas &quot;durante&quot; points to some occasions during that period:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante febrero, las condiciones empeoraron: At some point in February, the conditions got worse, but not necessarily continuously... perhaps the rest of the month was OK but on the 20th they really got worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante dos años trabajé allí ocasionalmente: I worked there as a temp, on and off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajé allí por dos años: every day, 9 to 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante años los científicos pensaron esto: they thought that, but only on the occasions when they gave some attention to the matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por años los científicos pensaron esto: they thought it continuously, with no change of opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That been said, there is still a restriction that &quot;por&quot; needs to be used with indetermined periods (never mind plural/singular):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por tres años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por cinco horas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero nunca *por el miércoles, *por 1980 (could be used but in the sense of &quot;around 1980&quot;). Durante can be used in all of those cases: durante años, durante 1980.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T14:58:58.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20324" CreationDate="2017-04-02T15:38:47.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess is that there must be a standard somewhere that you should follow. Otherwise... you're in problems... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;zh&quot; in Spanish has no meaning besides the sound of a &quot;z&quot; followed by the sound of an &quot;h&quot; (which has no sound at all. So &quot;zhong&quot; in Spanish would be read as &quot;thong&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest sound to &quot;zh&quot; that I can think of would be the English &quot;sh&quot;. In &quot;standard&quot; Spanish &quot;sh&quot; has no particular meaning, so you end up with an &quot;s&quot; sound (s + h = s + 0 = s). In ríoplatense Spanish you could write &quot;yong&quot; or &quot;llong&quot; and both would be read &quot;shong&quot;, but in other regions they would be read &quot;yong&quot; or &quot;lyong&quot; respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you are left with &quot;chong&quot; which would be pronounced quite close to the way it is in English, with an initial affricate consonant (like &quot;chimney&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet there would be to just go with &quot;shong&quot; or &quot;zhong&quot; and trust the Spanish speakers to realize that you mean it in a different way than in Spanish spelling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;wen&quot; you have &quot;wen&quot;, &quot;uen&quot; and &quot;huen&quot;. All three have the same pronunciation. &quot;wen&quot; looks a bit foreign because the W is extremely rare in Spanish, but it is clear. &quot;uen&quot; is OK, and perhaps the best one. &quot;huen&quot; respects the &quot;traditional&quot; way of writing that sound, present in words such as &quot;hueso&quot; (/weso/, bone) and &quot;huevo&quot; (/wevo/, egg). But the same people that could understand &quot;sh&quot; or &quot;zh&quot; would feel inclined to pronounce that &quot;h&quot; like in &quot;he&quot;, &quot;her&quot; or &quot;hen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the tone, we have no representation in Spanish. So you en up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;zhong or shong&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;uen or wen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then... well I would just follow English and go with &quot;zhong wen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But first, I would google for a standard...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T15:38:47.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20328" CreationDate="2017-04-02T15:43:35.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another possibility besides &amp;quot;venir con&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; is &lt;strong&gt;traer&lt;/strong&gt;, not in the sense of bringing but of carrying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Trae papas fritas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Sí, esta semana el combo trae doble papa gratis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T15:43:35.560" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20328" CreationDate="2017-04-02T18:37:10.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Con qué viene acompañado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Con qué viene? &lt;em&gt;(least formal)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles acompañamientos tiene? &lt;em&gt;(most formal)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found these suggestions in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.costaricaspanish.net/2010/12/phrases-for-the-restaurant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.costaricaspanish.net/2010/12/phrases-for-the-restaurant/&lt;/a&gt;; they all sound fine to my ear (which is tuned to Mexican Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T18:37:10.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-02T20:22:57.977" Score="7" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking about this a lot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pelota es roja. La niña juega con la.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, the second sentence is correct, with &quot;la&quot; being the direct object pronoun. But the sentence ending with &quot;con la&quot; &lt;em&gt;sounds&lt;/em&gt; wrong to my ears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a better way to say &quot;she plays with it&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15367" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T08:22:24.147" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T17:18:24.290" Title="Is the sentence &quot;La pelota es roja. La niña juega con la&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20305" CreationDate="2017-04-02T21:19:43.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión idiomática tremendamente hispánica (aunque tal vez sea &lt;em&gt;políticamente incorrecta&lt;/em&gt; hoy en día) y  que tiene el sentido de enfrentarse a una tarea de nunca acabar en la que uno solo se enfrenta a una multitud de problemas podría ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es como amar a Dios en tierra de indios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;también supone una tarea titánica o de gran dificultad. Está expresión viene de las dificultades que encontraron los insulares en la cristianización del nuevo mundo durante la conquista, o más universalmente &quot;el &lt;em&gt;intercambio Colombino&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción al inglés más aséptica podría ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;It's like loving God while living in a Heathen's country&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Amar a Dios en un país de herejes) aunque no deja de ser potencialmente ofensiva, pues dejando de lado el racismo de &lt;em&gt;indios&lt;/em&gt; no deja de implicar que es ambos interlocutores son cristianos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T21:19:43.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20326" CreationDate="2017-04-02T21:43:31.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De inmediato se me ocurre &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Líder de opinión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se refiere desde luego a expertos en cierto tema, que además publican y frecuentemente expresan sus ideas, generalmente asociadas a una línea de pensamiento o ideología en su área de experiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa con frecuencia para describir a columnistas populares, publicados en periódicos de alta circulación y últimamente a quienes publican en nuevos medios electrónicos, y que tienen gran popularidad o &lt;em&gt;seguidores&lt;/em&gt; en ellos (Twitter, YouTube, Blogs)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La característica de un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;líder de opinión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, sin embargo es su capacidad de &lt;strong&gt;influir&lt;/strong&gt; en el pensamiento o ideas de quienes le siguen, y esto aplica en cualquier ámbito de discusión ya sea intelectual, político, técnico o simplemente ocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T21:48:58.853" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T21:48:58.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20338" CreationDate="2017-04-02T22:10:48.953" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La pelota es roja. La niña juega con ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clitic&lt;/a&gt; non-emphatic object pronoun. Third-person object pronouns are not used after prepositions like this. It seems you might be calquing the English structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First- and second-person singular object pronouns &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; used after prepositions, as well as the reflexive pronoun &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;con + mí&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;contigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;consigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;para mí, para ti, para sí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sobre mí, sobre ti, sobre sí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in all the other cases you have to use the regular, emphatic pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;con él, con ella, con ellos, con ellas, con nosotros, con vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;para él, para ella, para ellos, para ellas, para nosotros, para vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sobre él, sobre ella, sobre ellos, sobre ellas, sobre nosotros, sobre vosotros/ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T22:10:48.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20328" CreationDate="2017-04-03T00:20:02.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina and Uruguay you will probably be better understood if you use &quot;venir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿La carne viene con papas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15368" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T00:20:02.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13254" CreationDate="2017-04-03T03:34:56.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct answer is not &lt;em&gt;qué ta&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Qué ta&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How big is Mexico City?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan grande es la ciudad de México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15372" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T06:27:55.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20344" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20918" CreationDate="2017-04-03T06:47:23.490" Score="7" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer empecé a ver &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4302938/?ref_=nv_sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kubo y las dos cuerdas mágicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y hay un momento que me resultó bastante divertido, cuando un personaje dice repetidamente que está maldito, y de repente se queda pensando y dice &quot;¿maldito o maldecido?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de ahí ya el que se quedó pensando fui yo. Si verbos como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O0XKKDz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;maldecir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5LQ5waj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bendecir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; son compuestos del verbo &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, y el participio de este es &lt;em&gt;dicho&lt;/em&gt;, ¿por qué los participios irregulares son &lt;em&gt;maldito&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bendito&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;maldicho&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bendicho&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O por qué no es &lt;em&gt;dito&lt;/em&gt; el participio de &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, manteniendo la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; como en italiano? ¿De dónde viene ese cambio de &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T20:55:17.683" Title="&quot;Dicho&quot; vs &quot;maldito&quot; y &quot;bendito&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20212" CreationDate="2017-04-03T08:19:37.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con mucha frecuencia intentamos construir palabras de forma análoga a cómo se hace en inglés. Esto es, juntando las dos palabras para construir una nueva que se entienda relativamente por el contexto: &lt;em&gt;smog&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;smoke&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;fog&lt;/em&gt;) es de las más antiguas, &lt;em&gt;Spanglish&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt;) de origen más cercano, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las lenguas germánicas, a las que pertenece el inglés, tienden a unir palabras para que se expliquen por sí solas. Además, suelen ser más ágiles a la hora de incorporarlas. Las lenguas románicas, por contra, tienden más a combinarlas para dar significados, a menos que haya raíces latinas o griegas fácilmente utilizables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, yo creo que buscar alguna combinación de &quot;drogado&quot; y &quot;bebido&quot; puede dar propuestas curiosas como la que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20212/cu%C3%A1l-ser%C3%ADa-la-traducci%C3%B3n-de-strunk-al-espa%C3%B1ol#comment30598_20212&quot;&gt;apunta Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;droguebrio&lt;/em&gt;. Yo sugeriría también &lt;em&gt;colorracho&lt;/em&gt; o cosas así. Pero lo más coherente probablemente consiste en explicar el concepto con un término del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;drogado y borracho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;drogado y ebrio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;colocado y borracho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si en el futuro alguien da con una opción que efectivamente combina las dos palabras en una, pues se adopta sin problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T08:19:37.783" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20409" CreationDate="2017-04-03T09:26:16.973" Score="4" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para esta semana voy a ofrecer un texto cuyo contexto es más moderno: los principios SOLID de programación. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOLID&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Single responsibility, Open-closed, Liskov substitution, Interface segregation and Dependency inversion&lt;/em&gt;) es un acrónimo mnemónico introducido por &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cecil_Martin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robert C. Martin&lt;/a&gt; a comienzos de la década del 2000 que representa cinco principios básicos de la programación orientada a objetos y el diseño. Cuando estos principios se aplican en conjunto es más probable que un desarrollador cree un sistema que sea fácil de mantener y ampliar con el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero de los principios, el de única responsabilidad, afirma que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] cada módulo o clase debe tener responsabilidad sobre una sola parte de la funcionalidad proporcionada por el software y esta responsabilidad debe estar encapsulada en su totalidad por la clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Wikipedia en inglés viene un ejemplo, que es el texto cuya traducción se propone (número original de caracteres: 379):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Consider a module that compiles and prints a report. Imagine such a module can be changed for two reasons. First, the content of the report could change. Second, the format of the report could change. These two things change for very different causes; one substantive, and one cosmetic. The single responsibility principle says that these two aspects of the problem are really two separate responsibilities, and should therefore be in separate classes or modules.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducción propuesta oculta para no condicionar (410 caracteres, ratio 1.08):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Consideremos un módulo que compila e imprime un informe. Imaginemos que dicho módulo puede cambiar por dos motivos. El primero, que puede cambiar el contenido del informe. El segundo, que puede cambiar el formato del informe. Estos dos cambios se dan por causas muy diferentes: una sustancial y otra cosmética. El principio de única responsabilidad dice que estos dos aspectos del problema en realidad son dos responsabilidades diferentes, y por tanto deberían estar en clases o módulos separados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Esto es translation-golf! &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sigue las normas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pásatelo bien, aprende, y recuerda: ¡la traducción con menos caracteres que respete el original, gana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:06:39.963" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:06:39.963" Title="Translation-golf and the SOLID principles" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-03T09:33:14.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20346" CreationDate="2017-04-03T10:00:22.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;283 270&lt;/s&gt; 222 letras&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado un módulo que compila e imprime un informe, puede cambiar su contenido o su formato, por razones de peso o cosméticas respectivamente. El principio de única responsabilidad las llama responsabilidades distintas, luego pertenecerán a distintas clases o módulos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;Utilizo 1º y 2º para &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;segundo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/s&gt; Me cargo la enumeración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudé un poco en la primera parte respecto qué tipo usar, si subjuntivo (&lt;em&gt;que compile e imprima&lt;/em&gt;) o indicativo (&lt;em&gt;que compila e imprime&lt;/em&gt;, como uso finalmente). Como el número de caracteres es el mismo, no tiene afectación final.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy pensando en hacer caer algún &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;piensa se puede cambiar&lt;/em&gt;...), si bien puede sonar a texto &quot;jurídico&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evolución:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;222 letras: estilo mucho más directo, sin frases del tipo &quot;esto ocurre...&quot; o &quot;según...&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T10:16:17.347" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T10:16:17.347" CommentCount="10" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-03T10:00:22.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20325" CreationDate="2017-04-03T11:19:43.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to have the chance to defend myself (as I am responsible for &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20245/12637&quot;&gt;the question that originated this one&lt;/a&gt;), I &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/848785793397248000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;asked the RAE on Twitter&lt;/a&gt; if the sentence was correct or not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el título &quot;Sustantivos para designar a un lugar cuyo nombre se desconoce&quot;, ¿es correcto usar la prepos. &quot;a&quot; tras el verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/848856172341989376&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;their response&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque lo más normal es prescindir de la preposición en casos como este, su uso no sería incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as the RAE says, the sentence is just written in an unusual, but not incorrect, way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T11:19:43.830" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20324" CreationDate="2017-04-03T12:27:15.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration_of_Chinese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; indicates that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There have been many systems of romanisation throughout history. However, Hanyu Pinyin has become the international standard since 1982. Other well-known systems include Wade-Giles and Yale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would stick with pinyin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15377" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T12:27:15.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20324" CreationDate="2017-04-03T13:17:42.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following your link and pressing the speaker icon beneath the text to try to hear how it is pronounced, if I were to write what I hear in Spanish, I would probably go for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chongüen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or maybe something like the following to try to use some other combination of consonants apart from the most typical in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Schonwen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that you are aware of the existing of an international romanisation system called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pinyin&lt;/a&gt;, and I also understand that you are asking what would any Spanish-speaking person write when hearing that (the average Spanish-speaking person does not know how to transliterate in Pinyin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T13:17:42.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20338" CreationDate="2017-04-03T16:46:34.470" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the word &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;the (feminine)&lt;/code&gt;, so if you translate the phrase to English it would be like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ball is red. The girl plays with the.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When translating &quot;&lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to Spanish you have to remember if it's masculine or feminine and use &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt; in first case or &lt;code&gt;ella&lt;/code&gt; in second case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15143" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T17:18:24.290" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T17:18:24.290" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3552" CreationDate="2017-04-03T18:04:07.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo tiene relación con que en general los artistas en Chile han sufrido por la informalidad de los trabajos...De ahí otro proverbio que dice que Artista Pagado, Canta Afinado, muchos artistas solicitaban sus remuneraciones previo a la presentación y tiene relación con incumplimientos de pago...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15381" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T18:04:07.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20314" CreationDate="2017-04-03T20:36:23.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made some changes to make it easier to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Horario: Lunes 13:00-17:00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede elegir otra hora&lt;strong&gt;rio&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; visitarnos (24/7 &lt;strong&gt;todo el dia&lt;/strong&gt;) o puede elegir &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; recibir una entrega cuando haga un &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; pedid&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; por nuestro sítio de web por lo menos &lt;strong&gt;con una hora de anticipacion&lt;/strong&gt; que quieras venir o quieras recibir la entrega. Básicamente, queremos ser conveniente para usted y justo para nuestro empleados (para que no haya nadie &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;cerrado &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; llave &lt;strike&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adentro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; todo el día!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say in Spanish this isn't funny, and using the &amp;quot;Usted&amp;quot; form gives a pretty formal tone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T01:45:16.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20346" CreationDate="2017-04-03T21:14:12.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;256 characters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un módulo que prepara e imprime un reporte puede variar ya sea por el contenido o bien el formato.  En el primer caso, cambia la sustancia; en el segundo, lo cosmético.  El &lt;strong&gt;principio de responsabilidad única&lt;/strong&gt; dice que estos casos son responsabilidades diferentes; por tanto deben estar en diferentes clases o módulos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today I was aiming for clarity of exposition and secondarily conciseness, whereas last time I was more faithful to the original.  This time I figured the important thing was the technical idea more than the style, vocabulary, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: I made some changes, partly based on feedback, partly on having digested the paragraph some more.  I used an online character counting tool -- had to subtract out the white spaces -- and then tried the TextFX plugin for Notepad++; got the same number!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T06:40:17.040" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T06:40:17.040" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-03T21:14:12.567" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20346" CreationDate="2017-04-03T23:22:47.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;283 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado un módulo que compila e imprime informes, téngase por razón para&#xA;cambiarlo que variara el contenido o el formato de estos, por causa&#xA;sustancial el uno y cosmética el otro. El principio de responsabilidad&#xA;única dice que los dos aspectos supondrían, cada uno, una&#xA;responsabilidad diferente; ergo, habrían de ocupar clases o módulos&#xA;distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T22:22:30.377" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-03T23:22:47.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20365" CreationDate="2017-04-03T23:45:03.713" Score="4" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días tomé un examen en lo cual mis compañeros y yo tuvimos que llenar espacios en blanco de la forma apropiada del pretérito o del imperfecto del verbo proveído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La última oración decía algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando volvíamos, ¡un carro casi nos _______ (chocar)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale mencionar que mi profesor no usa gramática correcta ya que no es hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso me resultó muy raro porque nunca he encontrado &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; sin verbos en el presente (p. ej., «¡Casi me caigo!»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En esa oración, ¿es apropiado utilizar &lt;em&gt;chocó&lt;/em&gt;? (que, según mi profesor, es complemente correcto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no, ¿&lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; siempre desencadena el presente?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T16:06:51.463" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T16:06:51.463" Title="¿«Casi» siempre desencadena el presente?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20358" CreationDate="2017-04-04T02:13:24.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La torre era tan alta que casi &lt;strong&gt;tocaba&lt;/strong&gt; el cielo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él iba conduciendo tan deprisa que no vio el stop y casi &lt;strong&gt;chocó&lt;/strong&gt; con otro coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si pusieses esos imanes separados pero que casi se &lt;strong&gt;tocasen&lt;/strong&gt; el uno al otro, verías cómo se atraen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí van unos cuantos contraejemplos de que que &amp;quot;casi&amp;quot; no fuerza a usar el presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T02:13:24.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20362" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-04T05:35:41.237" Score="11" ViewCount="3379" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he encontrado la frase siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un gran coche verde botella nos esperaba delante de la puerta del Gobierno Civil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin &quot;botella&quot; la frase se comprende bien. ¿Qué aporta, entonces, la botella? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15391" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T06:13:16.953" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T06:18:50.123" Title="¿Por qué se dice verde &quot;botella&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20362" CreationDate="2017-04-04T06:18:50.123" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actualmente hay botellas de cualquier color, sin embargo, hace unas décadas las botellas de vidrio eran mayoritariamente de color verde o transparentes (al menos en España). Verde botella se usa para referirse al tono de verde de aquellas botellas de vidrio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloraci%C3%B3n_del_vidrio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coloración del vidrio. Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el vidrio aparece en occidente, en el imperio romano, el vidrio&#xA;  tenía una coloración verde oscura, con la cual se emparenta su nombre.&#xA;  Verde oscuro en latín se dice &lt;em&gt;viride&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;viridus&lt;/em&gt;, con lo cual se&#xA;  bautizó al vidrio como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gPYNl.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gPYNl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T06:18:50.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20346" CreationDate="2017-04-04T06:44:13.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;223 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toma un módulo que compila e imprime reportes: puede cambiar porque cambia su contenido (cambio sustantivo) o su formato (cosmético). El principio de responsabilidad única dice que, al ser estas responsabilidades diferentes, deberían estar en clases o módulos distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me tomé varias licencias (sobretodo haciendo desaparecer una oración completa) pero la esencia y la semántica se conserva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15368" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T06:44:13.690" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-04T06:44:13.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20358" CreationDate="2017-04-04T07:23:16.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El presente no es obligatorio después de &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt;, pero para mi gusto suena mejor que si se usa un tiempo pasado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando volvíamos, ¡un carro casi nos choca!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cuando volvíamos, ¡un carro casi nos chocó!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. Imagino que si una suena mejor que otra puede ser según la zona concreta del español de cada uno. A mí personalmente la primera me suena mejor. Esto es posible porque se usa el presente para indicar que algo sucedió en el presente de la acción narrada, aunque esta sea pasada. Pero no es obligatorio (ejemplos sacados del &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la catástrofe de diciembre de 1941, que &lt;strong&gt;casi destruyó&lt;/strong&gt; la ciudad de Huaraz y otros puntos del departamento de Ancash, los vehículos con que negociaba Amado fueron arrastrados por las aguas, perdiéndose totalmente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Barallobre, sin embargo, no le hizo preguntas, ni &lt;strong&gt;casi habló&lt;/strong&gt; hasta la llegada de la carta del Gobernador, que, como se dijo, era casi de noche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una tarde, el hombre &lt;strong&gt;casi destruyó&lt;/strong&gt; toda su obra, pero se arrepintió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y aún pareció confirmarlo en esta sospecha el aire tranquilo, apacible, &lt;strong&gt;casi diríase&lt;/strong&gt; aprobatorio con que el Dr. Pérez tomó noticia del hecho cuando él le llamó a su presencia para echárselo en cara.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A la vista de los anteriores datos &lt;strong&gt;casi habría que pensar&lt;/strong&gt; en una eficacia negativa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T07:23:16.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-04T08:54:10.713" Score="3" ViewCount="1698" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, la estructura de las oraciones con &quot;hasta que&quot; y &quot;mientras&quot; se puede complicar, dado que existen dos oraciones implicadas, y cada una puede ir en afirmativo o negativo. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lj2jmID&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Para más inri&lt;/a&gt;, si se usa &quot;mientras que&quot; hay que negar la oración que hace de causa. Así, tenemos (ejemplos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sh54Lwn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perogrullo&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso seguirá encendido hasta que se apague.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eso seguirá encendido mientras no se apague.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O la versión con la oración inicial en negativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no se encenderá hasta que alguien le dé al botón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eso no se encenderá mientras nadie le dé al botón. &lt;sub&gt;(Negación cambiando &quot;alguien&quot; por &quot;nadie&quot;.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, tanto en la expresión oral como escrita se toma por costumbre arraigada el negar la segunda oración aunque no corresponda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no se encenderá hasta que alguien no le dé al botón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por poner algunos ejemplos algo más literarios (negritas mías) que incurren en esta situación en la que sobra el &quot;no&quot; en &quot;hasta que no&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tardará en España todavía muchos años en implantarse totalmente y creo que &lt;strong&gt;hasta que no&lt;/strong&gt; se fabriquen aquí seguirá siendo una cosa rara para la mayoría de la gente (de todas las edades).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues no he de separarme de ti, ¡óyeme!, &lt;strong&gt;hasta que no&lt;/strong&gt; los conozca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entonces sí que a él se le concluyeron los arrestos, y no soltó a su madre &lt;strong&gt;hasta que no&lt;/strong&gt; lo arrebataron de su falda, y por un instante sintióse suspendido en el vacío, yendo a parar al interior de una lancha apretada de pasajeros pobres.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me gustaría saber es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Desde cuándo se viene escribiendo en español &quot;hasta que no&quot; cuando debería ser &quot;hasta que&quot; o &quot;mientras no&quot;? El último ejemplo mencionado es de 1896, aunque he visto otros en textos del siglo XVIII.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Recoge la RAE esta peculiaridad en su gramática? Si es así, ¿la da como algo aceptado o aconseja evitar su uso al menos en la expresión escrita?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T15:53:10.300" Title="Negaciones superfluas en oraciones con &quot;hasta que&quot;: uso y aceptación" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20366" CreationDate="2017-04-04T15:53:10.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo puedo responder tu segunda pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su Diccionario de Dudas y Dificultades de la Lengua Española, el académico Manuel Seco dice, en relación con la preposición &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La preposición &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;, precediendo a la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, introduce proposiciones temporales: &lt;em&gt;Leeré hasta que me canse; Todos se quedaron hasta que se acabó el vino.&lt;/em&gt; Cuando el verbo principal va acompañado de una negación, es frecuente que se presente un &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; expletivo en la proposición: &lt;em&gt;Ninguno se marchó hasta que NO se acabó el vino.&lt;/em&gt; Aunque es un uso normal en España, sería deseable omitir ese &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; (que carece de todo sentido negativo) a fin de evitar la posible interpretación equivocada del mensaje (v. Cuervo, “Apuntaciones”, § 448). También la ausencia del &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es normal: &lt;em&gt;Ninguno se marchó hasta que se acabó el vino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien el modo en que lo explica resulta algo confuso, Seco quiere decir que ambas formas, con “no” y sin “no”, son usadas, aunque la segunda es preferible. No dice que “no” sea incorrecto, sino redundante, tal vez emparentado – esta apreciación es mía – con el doble negativo típico del español: “No tomé nada de vino.” Ahora bien, cuando el verbo principal es afirmativo, puede utilizarse &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; en la proposición: “Festejaremos hasta que las velas no ardan” (o sea, mientras las velas ardan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bajo &lt;em&gt;tanto&lt;/em&gt;, Seco dice algo similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hasta tanto que&lt;/em&gt;, locución conjuntiva, equivale a &lt;em&gt;hasta que&lt;/em&gt; (HASTA. 3) y, como esta, puede ir seguida de un &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; expletivo; en este último caso a veces se reduce a &lt;em&gt;hasta tanto&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Yo tampoco lío el primero ... hasta tanto no fumes tú también.&lt;/em&gt; (Liar: Formar un cigarrillo envolviendo la picadura en el papel de fumar.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T15:53:10.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-04T19:47:26.503" Score="5" ViewCount="2142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ghee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; me ha entrado la duda acerca de cómo pronunciar la palabra en español. ¿Como &quot;jee&quot; o como &quot;guee&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15396" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T07:25:46.310" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:35:01.967" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia &quot;ghee&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20369" CreationDate="2017-04-04T20:05:30.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que debería pronunciarse como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ghee?pronunciation&amp;amp;lang=en_us&amp;amp;dir=g&amp;amp;file=ghee0001&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inglés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/giː/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto suena algo como &lt;strong&gt;gui&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Aquí es una explicación del sistema fonético a la medida que se emplea Merriam Webster: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/assets/mw/static/pdf/help/guide-to-pronunciation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guide to Pronunciation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T07:21:41.637" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T07:21:41.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20372" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-05T00:53:30.313" Score="2" ViewCount="748" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixer-upper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fixer upper&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una casa (o apartamento o propiedad similar) que necesita reformas (aunque posiblemente se pueda vivir en ella) pero que tras las obras puede incrementar el valor de la propiedad por encima de lo invertido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así puesto suena un poco de perogrullo, pero básicamente es como si comprases la casa más fea del barrio, que está a mitad de precio por estar muy vieja y necesitar las reformas. Gastas, supongamos, 50.000 unidades de moneda (cuando todas las otras casas del barrio cuestan el doble) y gastas en reformas pongamos otras 30.000 unidades de moneda. Al final has gastado unos 80.000 (y has pasado por el calvario de las reformas, que no es poco) para comprar y acondicionar tu casa, pero como ahora es similar a las otras del barrio puedes suponer que tienes cierto beneficio sobre la inversión o que como poco has incrementado el valor de tu patrimonio, al tener una propiedad que ya no vale el precio original, sino un precio de mercado mucho mayor (vamos, que posiblemente no valga simplemente 50.000 + 30.000, sino algo parecido a las otras casas del barrio, que puede ser mayor, por lo que sales ganando). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si hay un término ya aceptado en español. Hay un montón de programas de televisión de &quot;redecora tu casa&quot; y similar, ya sean versiones de programas de países angloparlantes (que usarán el término &lt;em&gt;fixer upper&lt;/em&gt;) o producciones patrias (que usarán algún otro término o expresión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué término se usa en español para &lt;em&gt;fixer upper&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T06:37:58.720" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T15:58:30.810" Title="Traducción en español para &quot;Fixer upper&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18041" CreationDate="2017-04-05T02:13:09.123" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Latin culture it is a DEEPLY humiliating experience to parade any family member around with a large belly, that is obviously pregnant.  These women being put on display, is a sign that the family is shameless and doesn't care about the family reputation, because in that culture, folks often assume the worst.  Pregnant women are generally kept at home, away from public view, because the family doesn't want to give the impression that all their female relatives are having sex indiscriminately...  It is EXTREMELY embarrassing for the family to expose their pregnant women in public, hence the word &quot;embarazo&quot; (embarrassing)...   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15399" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T02:13:09.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18041" CreationDate="2017-04-05T04:15:58.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just realized how old this question is after wasting my time answering a ghost. Sigh... Oh well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some of the stories I've read, one's wife is referred to as one's &quot;costilla&quot; and one's children are referred to as &quot;los pecados&quot;. In others, one's sister is named&#xA;(this is possibly obscene, I'm not sure)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;  Regula. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it wouldn't be surprising if there had been a humorous connection. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&amp;amp;search=embarrassed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The reality is&lt;/a&gt; the English came from French &quot;embarras du choix&quot; or hindrance from having so many choices because you're so rich that it's embarrassing.  Which came from latin &quot;in&quot;+&quot;barra&quot; meaning &quot;into the bar&quot; for obstructed. &#xA;The same question was answered &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dallasobserver.com/news/how-did-embarazada-come-to-mean-pregnant-and-not-embarrassed-in-spanish-6419534&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;; however, the author who cites the Royal Spanish Academy did not seem to think the connection between the Latin etymological root from the link above was the origin: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Embarazar] came from the Portuguese embaraçar, and the Royal Spanish&#xA;  Academy theorizes that word originated from Celtic because its root&#xA;  palabra existed before the Romans conquered the Iberian Peninsula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this same author states the following, despite the obvious connection between being blocked up/obstructed and pregnant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why a word that signifies a blockage came to represent pregnancy is&#xA;  unknown to etymologists&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore it might be necessary to find the un-cited reference &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EadBKLo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;directly&lt;/a&gt; if you're concerned about whether the root is celtic or latin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T01:16:20.570" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T01:16:20.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-05T05:56:18.007" Score="3" ViewCount="949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace años que encontré que, lo que para mi era siempre un apellido, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;García&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, en Navarra y Aragón (España) se utilizan también como nombre de pila, y no son excepcionales las personas que lo llevan como nombre de pila y de apellido (García García).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hace que al encontrar el nombre propio &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Gerundio&lt;/strong&gt; Zotes&quot; (en la historia de fray Gerundio de Campazas) me haya surgido una duda similar: &lt;strong&gt;Gerundio&lt;/strong&gt; ¿es un nombre propio (más o menos) frecuente? ¿En qué zonas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15401" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T09:08:27.290" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T09:08:27.290" Title="¿Es &quot;Gerundio&quot; un nombre propio frecuente?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20372" CreationDate="2017-04-05T06:45:40.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qué me vas a contar, si mi mujer estuvo un tiempo enganchada a todos esos programas de reformas de casas. A uno de ellos le pusieron de nombre &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reformar para vender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, creo, que podría ser una posible opción para lo que buscas. Lo malo es que ese término está muy enfocado a las viviendas, mientras que &lt;em&gt;fixer upper&lt;/em&gt; se puede referir a cualquier cosa, ya sean objetos o personas. Por lo que yo te propongo esta opción, que tiene un sentido muy similar al que buscas y que también se puede aplicar a cualquier cosa o persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DezzXII#1T3iMc5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diamante bruto&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;diamante en bruto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona o cosa de valor o potencial grandes, pero sin desarrollar o aprovechar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque es cierto que tradicionalmente se ha usado esta expresión con las personas, como ves la propia definición extiende su uso a cualquier cosa, por lo que podrías decir &quot;esa casa parece la peor del barrio, pero es un diamante en bruto&quot;. De hecho, solo con decir que algo o alguien es un diamante en bruto, ya estás diciendo sutilmente que ahora mismo no destaca por su excelencia precisamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo sacado del CREA que pone de manifiesto dicha sutileza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y lo intentó, en efecto, puesto que de regreso a la granja, Doña Mariana puso todo su empeño en la ardua tarea de transformar el asombroso diamante en bruto que era en aquellos momentos la princesa, en una exquisita dama capaz de brillar en los más sofisticados salones de las cortes europeas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Vázquez-Figueroa, &quot;Caribes (Cienfuegos 2)&quot;, 1988 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personajes típicos de películas Disney (ya que me has recordado &lt;em&gt;Frozen&lt;/em&gt; con lo del &lt;em&gt;fixer upper&lt;/em&gt;) que son considerados como &quot;diamantes en bruto&quot; son Kristoff, de la misma &lt;em&gt;Frozen&lt;/em&gt;, o Aladdin, de la película que lleva su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo que no hace referencia a una persona concreta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La riqueza no se dibuja, Felipe, la riqueza se crea, pero no llevando a la ruina a los más débiles... España es como un diamante en bruto, y nosotros sus tallistas, pero mi padre se ha propuesto ser el carnero de las churras y las merinas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manuel Martínez Mediero, &quot;Juana del amor hermoso&quot;, 1982 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para que veas que la expresión no entiende ni de épocas ni de regiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De los cuales baños se puede creer que se irán descubriendo otros que vernán a ser célebres en el mundo, si Dios concede a los nuestros buenos sucesos, con los cuales no hay duda de que tratándose aquella inculta tierra, verná a ser toda ella lo que después de labrado un diamante bruto cuya apariencia prometa inestimable valor [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alonso González Nájera, &quot;Desengaño y reparo de la guerra del reino de Chile&quot;, 1614 (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T07:04:27.220" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T07:04:27.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20369" CreationDate="2017-04-05T07:13:37.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la Wikipedia, la palabra proviene del hindi (घी), y según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.es/?hl=es#hi/es/%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traductor de Google&lt;/a&gt; y mi oído superfino, yo entiendo que la sílaba tiene:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un sonido consonántico que está a medio camino entre la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un sonido vocálico que parece una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; alargada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es no sabría si adaptarlo como &quot;chii&quot; o como &quot;yii&quot; (por usar las consonantes españolas), porque ninguna de las dos me parece lo suficientemente cercana. Pero por ahí anda la cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Como dice ukemi en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20369/c%C3%B3mo-se-pronuncia-ghee-en-espa%C3%B1ol/20379?noredirect=1#comment46658_20379&quot;&gt;los comentarios&lt;/a&gt;, la pronunciación real de la palabra (que al parecer no es exactamente como dice el traductor de Google) se parece más a la sílaba &lt;em&gt;gui&lt;/em&gt; del español, por lo que una adaptación más fiable sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;guii&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; si queremos respetar esa vocal alargada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T10:08:26.210" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T10:08:26.210" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20377" CreationDate="2017-04-05T07:31:14.870" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la web del INE, como decía en los comentarios, no aparece nadie llamado Gerundio en España. Y en la web de &lt;a href=&quot;https://familysearch.org&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Family Search&lt;/a&gt;, si buscamos solamente en España, tampoco aparece nadie llamado Gerundio (y eso que tienen registros desde el siglo XVI, aunque no de todas las provincias, por lo que hay lagunas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si buscamos en todo el mundo, sí que aparece un conjunto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&amp;amp;query=%2Bgivenname%3AGerundio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;565 resultados&lt;/a&gt; de personas llamadas así, y la mayoría son de Filipinas. Puede que el nombre se hiciera popular allí. He comprobado los originales y sí, efectivamente pone &quot;Gerundio&quot; en los nombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si restringimos la búsqueda al siglo XVIII (en el que apareció la novela en la que se menciona a Gerundio Zotes), solo aparecen &lt;a href=&quot;https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&amp;amp;query=%2Bgivenname%3AGerundio%20%2Bbirth_year%3A1700-1800~&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;2 resultados&lt;/a&gt;, ambos de Colombia, y examinando los originales me da que ninguno de los dos resultados es correcto (uno parece ser &quot;Gervasio&quot; y el otro parece &quot;Ovidio&quot; o algo así, no atino a descifrar el nombre, pero &quot;Gerundio&quot; no creo que sea). Así que los resultados de Colombia quedan descartados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de ese siglo ya no se encuentran resultados. Como conclusión: no, &quot;Gerundio&quot; no es un nombre común en absoluto, y su uso parece quedar restringido principalmente a las Filipinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T09:04:31.580" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T09:04:31.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20385" CreationDate="2017-04-05T10:53:42.417" Score="3" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this excerpt from &quot;El Cuaderno de Maya&quot;, by Isabel Allende:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por una de esas casualidades novelescas, él terminó su visita a Chile el mismo día de 1974 en que ella salió con su hijo a Canadá. Se me ocurre que tal vez estuvieron juntos en el aeropuerto esperando sus respectivos vuelos, sin conocerse, pero según ellos &lt;strong&gt;eso sería imposible&lt;/strong&gt;, porque él se habría fijado en aquella bella mujer y ella también lo habría visto, porque un negro llamaba la atención en el Chile de entonces, especialmente uno tan alto y apuesto como mi Popo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems like the proper place to use the subjunctive &quot;hubiera sido impossible&quot;. Is there any significance or reason to use the indicative here? Does indicative mean that it's more definite that the hypothetical event didn't happen maybe? (I'm guessing. I haven't read in a grammar book that an imagined event shouldn't be in the subjunctive for particular reasons.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T01:16:53.443" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T01:16:53.443" Title="Why do we use indicative in &quot;Se me ocurre que tal vez estuvieron juntos (...), pero según ellos 'eso sería imposible'?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20382" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20400" CreationDate="2017-04-05T10:56:24.080" Score="7" ViewCount="22295" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18041/is-there-a-connection-between-embarazada-and-the-english-word-embarrassment#comment30955_20373&quot;&gt;comentario&lt;/a&gt; donde quien lo escribe muestra su escepticismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Um, do you have any sources for any of your assertions? (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está usando la interjección &lt;em&gt;um&lt;/em&gt;, que se define en inglés como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/um?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Um&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. used as an expression of doubt, hesitation, deliberation, interest, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se me ha ocurrido pensar en cómo la diríamos en castellano. Yo siempre había escrito &lt;em&gt;Uhms&lt;/em&gt; y realmente no sé por qué, pues el DRAE no la recoge ni por asomo. Lo que sí encuentro es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KnEraiH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hum&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. desus. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y este &lt;em&gt;uf&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uf&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voz onomat.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. U. para denotar cansancio, fastidio o sofocación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. interj. Indica repugnancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que no me parece que sea el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu dijo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/hum-hum-864/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hum, ¡hum!&lt;/a&gt; que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma correcta en español es hum y puede escribirse entre signos de exclamación: ¡hum!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sigo pensando que no es la palabra que busco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué interjección u onomatopeya utilizamos para designar duda, leve sorpresa o interés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T14:27:48.323" Title="¿Cómo se escribe la interjección para denotar duda, interés o leve sorpresa? ¿Uhms?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20389" CreationDate="2017-04-05T11:10:32.210" Score="11" ViewCount="1463" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se dice &quot;to do something on the hoof&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-37797134&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;David Cameron income tax law promise 'made up on the hoof'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/on-the-hoof&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Que significa&lt;/a&gt;: Si haces algo, lo haces mientras estás moviéndote o haciendo otra cosa, a menudo sin darle la atención que merece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15402" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T12:56:40.940" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T08:23:19.643" Title="¿Cómo puedo traducir el modismo inglés &quot;to do something on the hoof&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20382" CreationDate="2017-04-05T11:37:50.860" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no salga en la versión 'online' del diccionario, la RAE comentó en Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/326616616387346432?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mmmm&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El uso de la onomatopeya «mmm» para expresar duda o satisfacción es correcto: Mmm..., no lo sé. ¡Mmmmm, qué rico!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y luego:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La interj. «&lt;strong&gt;hmm&lt;/strong&gt;» es válida. Se documenta ya en 1891: «—Hmmm&#xA;  —contestó el juez» (E. Pardo Bazán). Más frec., «hum».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1Ls5iVw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ajá (o ajajá)&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;em&gt;interj. coloq. U. para denotar satisfacción, aprobación o sorpresa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b1Q3KFv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ujú&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;em&gt;interj. Nic. U. para expresar acuerdo y aprobación de lo que afirma el interlocutor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T12:00:13.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T12:00:13.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20381" CreationDate="2017-04-05T11:57:57.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The form of the verb being used here is the conditional.  The conditional exists in an odd space modally, and while it is most commonly placed in the indicative, that classification is by no means absolute.  To wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nueva Gramática de la lengua española (2009)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;23.15a&lt;/strong&gt; Es tradicional la polémica en torno a si el condicional (&lt;em&gt;cantaría&lt;/em&gt;) es un tiempo del indicativo o un modo verbal.  Se suele aceptar hoy la primera opción, sobre todo porque el condicional aparece en entornos sintácticos en los que se selecciona el modo indicativo &lt;em&gt;(*Prometió que iría)&lt;/em&gt; y se rechaza en los que seleccionan el subjuntivo: &lt;em&gt;Deseamos que {*irían ~fueran} ustedes&lt;/em&gt;.  Aun así, es oportuno recordar que el condicional no expresa solo situaciones orientadas en relación con el momento del habla o con otro punto que se tome como eje, sino también contenidos no factuales (§25.1c) supeditados a situaciones hipotéticas, lo que se deduce de su orientación prospectiva.  Se ha señalado que el hecho de que las oraciones formadas con este tiempo sean proposiciones supeditadas a otras impide otorgarles con nitidez un valor de verdad, más claramente incluso que a las construidas en futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, many speakers —in pretty much every region and especially in spoken Spanish— are known to swap out the conditional in favor of the imperfect indicative or subjunctive and perhaps to your ear this is what you're hearing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But strictly speaking, what we have are a series of independent clauses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se me ocurre que …&#xA;    PERO&#xA;sería imposible&#xA;    PORQUE&#xA;él se habría…&#xA;    Y&#xA;ella también…&#xA;    PORQUE&#xA;un negro llamaba…   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Independent clauses in modern Spanish generally reject the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are, ultimately, three justifications we have here specifically for the use of &lt;em&gt;sería&lt;/em&gt; as opposed to &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;fue&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;era&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (note that the compound forms &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;hubo&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;había&lt;/sub&gt; sido&lt;/em&gt; can't really be used, because we're not discussing the past of the past).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is an elided hypothetical.  Note that she writes &quot;se me ocurre que &lt;em&gt;tal vez&lt;/em&gt; estuvieron juntos&quot;.  That means that the rest of this discussion is only a possibility (that is, we should attach a &quot;probablemente&quot; to the rest of the narration).  Thus, when we read &quot;eso sería imposible&quot;, we should read an implied &quot;eso sería imposible &lt;em&gt;si fuese que estuvieron juntos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  Thus we have an a typical conditional+past subjunctive counter factual construction.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Though the forms &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;fue&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;era&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; would work just fine, it is common enough to substitute with the conditional, especially to give the sense of &quot;in the end&quot;:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15r&lt;/strong&gt; El uso de &lt;em&gt;cantaría&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;canté&lt;/em&gt; en contextos retrospectivos […] se ha llamado factual, pero podría denominarse &lt;em&gt;narrativo&lt;/em&gt; […] En esas oraciones no se introducen situaciones hipotéticas, sino hechos acaecidos.  Al igual que sucede con el imperfecto narrativo, el condicional que se le asimila se usa sobre todo en la lengua literaria, en la periodística y en otros registros cultos de la lengua escrita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To give a sense of &lt;em&gt;it had to've been&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;it must've been&lt;/em&gt;.  Compare the difference between a present narration having &lt;em&gt;es imposible&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;será imposible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And being the skilled writer that she is, the author's intent may very well have been to allude to several of those meanings simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T12:59:19.583" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T12:59:19.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20382" CreationDate="2017-04-05T12:27:40.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he escrito la interjección de sorpresa o duda como &quot;ah&quot; o &quot;ahm&quot; (aunque esta última no la recoge la RAE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1GNbcOe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para denotar pena, admiración, sorpresa o sentimientos similares.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Anoche no estabas tú en el baile, ¿verdad? No te vi.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Pero no te estoy diciendo que acabo de venir?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Venir de dónde?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —De San Sebastián.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ah, qué suerte, tú. Estaría estupendo.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carmen Martín Gaite, &quot;Entre visillos&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Marta? Sí, Natalia. ¿Me llamó alguien?... Ah, y... ¿qué dijo? Ah, bueno. No, yo lo veo mañana... ¿A mí? Superbién. Sí, mucho... Bueno, gracias pues. Chaíto —clic.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santiago Gamboa, &quot;Páginas de vuelta&quot;, 1998 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Yo no sé, Alvarez, lo que pasa en mi corazón. A las veces sólo quiero acordarme de Ramiro, y me siento como hechizada. ¡Ah, y qué celos me asaltan!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enrique Larreta, &quot;La gloria de don Ramiro. Una vida en tiempos de Felipe Segundo.&quot;, 1908 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes comprobar por los ejemplos, es una interjección bastante universal (tanto en propósito como en zonas de influencia). El primer ejemplo denota sorpresa y admiración por el sitio visitado; el segundo ejemplo denota leve sorpresa (las dos veces); el tercer ejemplo denota pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar el escepticismo tal vez no sea la mejor opción, ahora que lo veo, así que te propongo otra alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿y en qué te basas para afirmar tal cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso de &quot;ya&quot; se ve reflejado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c8KthXc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en el DLE&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. U. para conceder o apoyar lo que nos dicen. &lt;em&gt;Ya se ve. Ya entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que en este tipo de oraciones (que equivalen a &quot;ya entiendo, ¿y en qué te basas...?&quot;, solo que &quot;entiendo&quot; está omitido) el adverbio se usa en modo irónico, mostrando por tanto el escepticismo del que habla. En el habla suele ir precedido de un &quot;mmm&quot; o de &quot;hmm&quot;, por lo que me remito a la respuesta de AlexBcn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T12:19:45.763" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:19:45.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2017-04-05T12:42:35.447" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que una posible opción pueda ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NIVZq3a#2Mjffu7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a la ligera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Con prisa y sin reflexión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si se respetan todas las connotaciones del original. &quot;Hacer algo a la ligera&quot; significa que lo has hecho sin prestar la debida atención a los detalles, pero el motivo es generalmente la prisa, y no el estar pendiente de otra cosa (aunque podría ser).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se me ocurre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VcW7uhP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;de refilón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Oblicuamente, de soslayo, al sesgo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. De paso, de pasada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hacer algo de refilón&quot; es hacerlo aprovechando la ocasión, ligeramente y sin detenerse a pensarlo. Tampoco estoy seguro de que contenga todo el significado original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ver si a la tercera atino un poco más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ON4wO00#2W36k3D&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre la marcha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Deprisa, inmediatamente, en el acto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. A medida que se va haciendo algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión sí recoge el hecho de hacer algo a medida que haces otra cosa. Aunque no incluye el que lo que se hace sobre la marcha pueda estar hecho sin que se le preste la suficiente atención, creo que esa parte va implícita. La pista definitiva me la dio el ejemplo en la web del diccionario de Cambridge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've got a meeting downtown in 20 minutes so I'll have lunch on the hoof.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tengo una reunión en el centro en 20 minutos, así que comeré sobre la marcha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T13:01:10.533" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T13:01:10.533" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:08:40.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Carlos Alejo menciona distintas opciones que comparto. Añadiría también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CGIX0S0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deprisa y corriendo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Con la mayor celeridad, atropelladamente, sin detención o pausa alguna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La repetición de elementos (tanto &lt;em&gt;deprisa&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;corriendo&lt;/em&gt;) enfatiza la velocidad con la que algo se hace, siendo esta su única cualidad respecto otras más útiles como la atención a los detalles, el método, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo una madre le puede decir al hijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— No me extraña que el profesor te pusiera mala nota por los ejercicios, los hiciste deprisa y corriendo antes de ir al entrenamiento de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T13:08:40.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:09:56.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad es la expresión coloquial &lt;code&gt;A matacaballo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OZreKVX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;matacaballo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Atropelladamente, muy deprisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta locución no tene el significado de &amp;quot;hecha según se van viendo las cosas&amp;quot; sino &amp;quot;hecha muy deprisa y sin prestarle la debida atención&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T13:11:08.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20390" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20392" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:23:03.647" Score="4" ViewCount="8288" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando si hoy es el sujeto en español de la frase hoy es un día lluvioso,  me encontré con esta respuesta que no sé si es correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110119061301AACw1Hj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿un adverbio puede cumplir la funcion de sujeto?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adverbio cumple la función de circunstancial siempre. Para que sea&#xA;núcleo del sujeto se debe sustantivar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Juan vino ayer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ayer&amp;quot; es adverbio de tiempo y funciona como circunstancial de tiempo.  Si&#xA;Digo &amp;quot;El ayer me interesa&amp;quot;  Ese &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt; acompañado de artículo &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; se&#xA;sustantiva y en ese caso es sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente(s): docente de Lengua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si entiendo bien, ¿&amp;quot;hoy&amp;quot; no sería el sujeto en la oración de mi pregunta? ¿Cuál sería?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T18:13:06.353" Title="En &quot;hoy es un día lluvioso&quot;, ¿cuál es el sujeto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20416" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:30:52.570" Score="4" ViewCount="1204" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1153/12637&quot;&gt;Literal and metaphorical translation of &amp;quot;duende&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; ya se avanzó que el término &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se refiere a la sensación, es un término que se usa casi exclusivamente en el mundo del flamenco. La verdad es que es un término muy difícil de definir. Si tenéis la ocasión de hablar con un sevillano, preguntadle si os sabe definir esta palabra y veréis cómo se bloquea. Acabará diciendo que eso es &quot;algo que no se puede describir&quot;. Y puede que no le falte razón. La RAE lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EEmriFA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;duende&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Encanto misterioso e inefable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que &quot;inefable&quot; significa &quot;que no se puede explicar con palabras&quot;, de ahí que al sevillano no le falte razón. Sin embargo, lo que no he podido encontrar es el origen de esa acepción. Según la RAE, la etimología de la misma es muy curiosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;duen de [casa]&lt;/em&gt; 'dueño de [la casa]'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fascinante. Y es verdad, en textos antiguos se pueden encontrar cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et de aquj proçeden por la mayor parte que muchas personas dizen que veen aytones &amp;amp; duen de casa &amp;amp; trasgo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lope de Barrientos, &quot;Tratado del dormir y despertar y soñar.&quot;, 1445 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la palabra que describe al espíritu fantástico viene de &quot;dueño de&quot;, dado que se dice que suele habitar las casas y se les considera los verdaderos dueños de las mismas. Pero en algún momento, la palabra &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt;, que evoca un ser fantástico y misterioso, pasó a denominar otro tipo de misterio: el que poseen aquellas personas con una determinada habilidad especial para encandilar con su arte. Y ahí es donde me quiero detener:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es eso así? ¿Fue la acepción de &quot;espíritu fantástico&quot; la que provocó la aparición de la acepción como sentimiento? ¿O fue casualidad?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hacia qué año se comienza a hablar del &quot;duende&quot; como un sentimiento? ¿Se puede determinar su origen exacto?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os dejo con la letra de una conocida canción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sevilla tiene un color especial,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sevilla sigue teniendo su duende,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me sigue oliendo a azahar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me gusta estar con su gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T06:06:53.770" Title="Una pregunta con &quot;duende&quot;: origen de la acepción relativa al sentimiento" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20390" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:56:48.767" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Copiado de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMVFbdkWTxpjZApX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática Española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El problema que se analiza puede concebirse como indicio de que la noción de 'sujeto' contiene varios rasgos [...], de forma que ciertas oraciones satisfacen tan solo algunos de ellos. No parece, en efecto, que pueda ponerse en duda que &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; es sujeto en &lt;em&gt;Hoy será recordado como el día en que Costa Rica fijó su posición en el referendo del TLC&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nación&lt;/em&gt; [C. Rica] 7/10/2007), lo que se debe, en buena medida, a que la estructura sintáctica de dicha oración permite destacar el adverbio demostrativo como el elemento del que se predica cierta información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto deja claro que en la frase &quot;hoy es un día lluvioso&quot;, &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; es el sujeto del cual se predica algo (que es un día lluvioso). Otros adverbios que pueden ser sujetos de la oración son &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt;. También es cierto que, en los registros formales más cuidados, se tiene a evitar este tipo de construcciones y sustituirlas por &quot;el día de hoy es [un día] lluvioso&quot;, en la que el sujeto sería &quot;el día de hoy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, no se puede considerar &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; como un sustantivo aunque haga de sujeto, sino que sigue siendo un adverbio demostrativo. La gramática también explica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se ha observado en muchas ocasiones que los adverbios de tiempo y de lugar ocupan a menudo el espacio que corresponde a los sujetos nulos o expletivos en ciertas oraciones impersonales (como ∅ en &lt;em&gt;∅ hizo mucho frío&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se dice &quot;hizo mucho frío&quot;, la oración es impersonal claramente. Pero si se dice &quot;ayer hizo mucho frío&quot;, aunque sigue siendo impersonal ya al delimitar el espacio de tiempo puede hacer que &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt; se considere como el elemento que llena el hueco dejado por ∅ (el sujeto nulo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T14:23:53.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T14:23:53.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8749" CreationDate="2017-04-05T17:44:29.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy cubano y puedo confirmar que en Cuba no tiene significado sexual alguno. De hecho, van a escuchar en una conversación normal varias veces la palabra. Y es poco probable que se utilice con ese sentido a no ser entre dos personas que lo tengan establecido como código a la hora de hacer bromas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viví un tiempo en Venezuela y allí sí que le dan un significado sexual en ocasiones exagerado, a tal punto que he visto a mujeres ruborizarse cuando escuchan mucho la palabra de alguien no acostumbrado a que tenga ese significado (como me pasaba a mí al inicio). Pero también es pura malicia que de forma general se le dé esa connotación a la palabra. No creo que perdiera su significado completamente porque en algunas conversaciones podías escuchar la palabra con el significado de &quot;agarrar&quot; algo y no pasaba nada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T08:50:54.757" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T08:50:54.757" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2017-04-05T19:26:05.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser precipitadamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TvqvBaG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;precipitadamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Sin consideración ni prudencia tomé la decisión precipitadamente y ahora me arrepiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Con mucha prisa salí precipitadamente de casa y me dejé las llaves dentro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés un significado para &quot;On the Hoof&quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;without great thought or preparation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precipitadamente cabe como anillo al dedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15407" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T08:23:19.643" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T08:23:19.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14967" CreationDate="2017-04-05T19:43:43.717" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se podría usar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es nada del otro mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/no-es-nada-del-otro-mundo.602477/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/no-es-nada-del-otro-mundo.602477/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15407" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T08:47:18.327" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T08:47:18.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1323" CreationDate="2017-04-05T20:55:01.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an early American Military Historian I found a story that goes, but is not substantiated by documents, that the origin of the word came from the song, &quot;Green Grow the Lilacs&quot;. The Latino populations liked the song put most could only remember the first two English words &quot;Green Grow.....&quot; they related the song to Americans because of soldiers who sang the song. So they referred Americans to &quot;Gringos&quot;. This explanation sounds more believable although this theory was said to be untrue.    I would tend to believe this more than the previous explanations. &quot;The song (Irish origin) title is familiar as the source of a folk etymology for the word gringo that states that the Mexicans misheard U.S. troops singing &quot;green grow&quot; during the Mexican-American War.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15408" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T20:55:01.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2017-04-05T22:10:12.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El texto del artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mr Gill, who was Mr Cameron's head of strategic communications in charge of the &amp;quot;Grid&amp;quot; outlining Downing Street's planning agenda from 2011 to 2015, told BBC Radio 4's Week in Westminster: &amp;quot;Sometimes when a vacuum is there, it makes the government do some stupid things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;When I was in government, we made some announcements &lt;em&gt;on the hoof&lt;/em&gt; just to fill that vacuum.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, más o menos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A veces, cuando hay un vacío en una plataforma política, eso causa que el gobierno haga algunas tonterías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Cuando yo estaba en el gobierno, hicimos algunos anuncios &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;improvisados&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; nomás para llenar ese vacío.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se podría decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hicimos algunos anuncios &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin pensar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, nomás para llenar etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la mayoría de las definiciones de &amp;quot;on the hoof&amp;quot; en inglés no reflejan el uso que se dio en el artículo citado.  Pero encontré un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/on+the+hoof.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recurso&lt;/a&gt; que creo que ayuda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide something &lt;em&gt;on the hoof&lt;/em&gt;, you do it without planning, responding to events as they happen. (usingenglish.com)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo documentar &amp;quot;sin pensar,&amp;quot; pero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la &lt;em&gt;improvisación&lt;/em&gt; consiste en concebir y ejecutar cualquier acción de forma simultánea.  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improvisaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T22:10:12.450" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20382" CreationDate="2017-04-06T00:59:37.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues... las respuestas que se han aportado hasta ahora no me convencen del todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera frase de la pregunta, fedorqui (¿cómo se dice &lt;em&gt;original poster&lt;/em&gt;?) explicó el uso de &amp;quot;um&amp;quot; mejor que la definición citada: expresa &lt;em&gt;escepticismo.&lt;/em&gt;  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative would be to engage in some serious SEO to get our skeptic pages ranked above Wikipedia in Google. &lt;strong&gt;Um,&lt;/strong&gt; good luck with that. If you can crack that nut, go make a billion dollars and create a skeptical endowment fund.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Um,&amp;quot; tal y como se utiliza comunmente en Stack Exchange, expresa sucintamente la idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo respecto, creo que te equivocas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero puede ser un poco sarcástico, como explica el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=um&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More recently used to unintentionally irritate people who prefer straight forward answers. Literally, &amp;quot;something is urgently wrong but instead of me just immediately telling you, you must figure it out yourself in the amount of time it takes me to make this sarcastic and unhelpful remark.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can be typed as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, this used to be proper protocol in an urgent situation--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bob: &amp;quot;Joe, watch out for that large pothole you seem to be unknowingly driving into.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joe: (avoiding pothole) “Thank you for your timely and straight-forward warning. I appreciate you using the first sentence after you were alerted to this danger to tell me about this pothole, instead of uttering a one-worded, useless phrase.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern protocol, same situation--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bob: (sarcastically) &amp;quot;Um...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joe: “What?..... What?” (car drives into pothole)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bob: “Wow, good job.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, ¿cómo se puede expresar esta idea, igual de sucintamente, en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Pues...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UawHjxX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición del DRAE&lt;/a&gt; que me apoya aquí es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - A principio de cláusula para apoyarla o encarecer lo dicho en ella. &lt;em&gt;Pues como iba diciendo. ¡Pues no faltaba más!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, empezar una frase de diálogo con &amp;quot;pues&amp;quot; da a entender que lo que viene a continuación es un tanto obvio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Pues... quizás obtendremos mejor resultado enchufando el aparato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Pues... estaría más dispuesto a aceptar tu afirmación si ofrecieras algún tipo de documentación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Este...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(funciona bien en México pero no sé por los demás países)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;interj. coloq. esto. &lt;em&gt;Este.… Quería contarles algo grave.&lt;/em&gt; U. especialmente en Am.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Este...&amp;quot; se usa para expresar duda, y ganarse un poco más tiempo.  Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Este... ¿será mejor enchufarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Este... ¿tienes alguna fuente de documentación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Variante: Esto...&lt;/strong&gt; (o quizás &amp;quot;este&amp;quot; es variante de &amp;quot;esto&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;interj. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa duda o vacilación respecto de lo que se va a decir. &lt;em&gt;Esto… Quería pedirles un favor.&lt;/em&gt;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GoDU5PI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los puntos suspensivos ayudan a dar el efecto deseado.  Desafortunadamente, no he encontrado documentación del escepticismo que esta palabrita logra expresar en ciertos contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T14:27:48.323" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20402" CreationDate="2017-04-06T07:40:48.500" Score="3" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wales Bill being rammed through Parliament, says academic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15402" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T08:53:26.090" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T10:43:07.263" Title="¿Cómo traducir al español la expresión inglesa &quot;Being rammed through&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20401" CreationDate="2017-04-06T08:13:18.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se utiliza la palabra &lt;em&gt;rodillo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;rodillo parlamentario&lt;/em&gt;) para expresar la práctica de aprobar leyes en el parlamento cuando el partido del gobierno tiene mayoría absoluta y no necesita acordarlas con nadie más. Pero no tenemos un verbo para ello, simplemente usamos la expresión &lt;em&gt;usar el rodillo&lt;/em&gt;, así que las frases se construyen de manera diferente. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El rodillo parlamentario aprobó el Acta de Gales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gobierno ha usado su rodillo para aprobar más de 140 leyes en un año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha acusado al partido gobernante de abusar del rodillo en lugar de alcanzar pactos con la oposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso se ha popularizado tanto que incluso ha llegado al diccionario de la RAE, sexta acepción de la palabra &lt;em&gt;rodillo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En una institución cuyas decisiones se adoptan mediante votos, uso resolutivo de la mayoría de la que se dispone, sin atender a las&#xA;razones de la minoría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T06:04:08.370" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20403" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20404" CreationDate="2017-04-06T08:25:42.277" Score="5" ViewCount="2601" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué va a ser?&lt;/em&gt; | What are you going to be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué va a hacer?&lt;/em&gt; | What are you going to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When spoken, these two Spanish sentences sound exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would a native speaker present either of these questions while preserving the intent, not confusing one with the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, how would a native listener not confuse these two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T05:24:58.503" Title="&quot;A ser&quot; vs &quot;a hacer&quot; - How to hear the difference?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-06T09:17:24.703" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose you are referring to those countries with &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XiRFQfa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which happen to be most countries in Latin America. In most of Spain, the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; sound in &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; sounds quite like the &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; group in &lt;em&gt;thin&lt;/em&gt; (yes, we also have some regions where &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; is broadly accepted, such as the Canary Islands; in other regions it is more a peculiarity of some speakers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your case, I guess the difference lies in the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; sound before &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-cer&lt;/em&gt;. In the first sentence, the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; sound would be shorter than in the second one. A native speaker would pronounce something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ke-va-ser (&quot;¿Qué va a ser?&quot;, as the &quot;va a&quot; group would sound somewhat compressed).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ke-va-a-ser (&quot;¿Qué va a hacer?&quot;, as the &quot;va a&quot; group would be also compressed but you still need to pronounce a new syllable, &quot;ha&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, be aware that I am speaking from my Spain-ish point of view, as there could be regional differences in the pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T06:17:14.353" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T06:17:14.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T09:46:30.190" Score="8" ViewCount="13884" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha resultado curioso el hecho de que al símbolo # se le diga &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1zpdXXx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almohadilla&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (sí, soy de los que dicen que programan en &quot;ce almohadilla&quot;, aunque tal vez debería decir &quot;ce sostenido&quot; o incluso &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;do sostenido&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Telec.&lt;/em&gt; Símbolo (#), parecido al sostenido, utilizado en telecomunicaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy consciente de que en algunos países se le llama &quot;numeral&quot; también. El caso es que he estado buscando el por qué de ese nombre, y lo más que he encontrado es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/hojaderouter/shortcut/almohadilla-hashtag-numeral-historia-origen-twitter_6_355274480.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su origen&lt;/a&gt; (al parecer viene del Imperio Romano):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nace en la Antigua Roma, donde los latinos la llamaron ‘Libra pondo’ (peso en libras), abreviada como ‘lb’ y utilizada para esta antigua medida. Al acortarla, se solía poner una raya horizontal superior que cruzaba ambas letras. Con el tiempo, y al escribirla cada vez más rápido, el ‘lb’ se fue transformando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el siglo XX, la almohadilla conoció un nuevo uso: formar parte de los teclados telefónicos. En 1968, los míticos laboratorios Bell decidieron añadir dos teclas a los lados del solitario cero; con ellas se podrían realizar más funciones. Eligieron el asterisco y la almohadilla  porque eran símbolos fáciles de reconocer por los ordenadores de la época y porque ya estaban en el teclado estándar QWERTY.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo pues que se le llame &quot;numeral&quot;, al representar una cantidad numérica en libras, pero ¿y &quot;almohadilla&quot;? ¿Tanto se parece el símbolo # a un cojín? ¿Cuándo se le comenzó a llamar así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relacionada: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8760/12637&quot;&gt;Nombre del s&amp;#237;mbolo # en varios pa&amp;#237;ses&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T17:41:57.193" Title="¿Por qué se le llama &quot;almohadilla&quot; al símbolo &quot;#&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20407" CreationDate="2017-04-06T11:35:23.970" Score="8" ViewCount="1425" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una persona sana mentalmente se dice &quot;persona cuerda&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una persona a la que se le llame &quot;loco&quot; se le puede decir &quot;está loco de atar&quot;.&#xA;Y las cosas se atan, por ejemplo, con &lt;em&gt;cuerdas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Una persona &lt;strong&gt;cuerda&lt;/strong&gt; es un loco &lt;strong&gt;atado&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conozco la etimología de esas palabras y no sé si puede haber relación en la raíz latina o si es una mera y divertida casualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14055" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T11:42:26.717" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:02:29.327" Title="¿Hay alguna relación entre cuerda (adjetivo) y cuerda (sustantivo)?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20406" CreationDate="2017-04-06T12:02:29.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde puedo llegar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;cuerda&lt;/em&gt; procede del latín &lt;em&gt;chorda&lt;/em&gt;, este del griego&#xA;&lt;em&gt;jordá&lt;/em&gt; y este del protoindoeuropeo * &lt;em&gt;ǵʰer&lt;/em&gt; (intestino)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;cuerda&lt;/em&gt; procede el latín &lt;em&gt;cor&lt;/em&gt; (corazón), este del griego &lt;em&gt;kardia&lt;/em&gt; y este del protoindoeuropeo * &lt;em&gt;ḱḗr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, estas palabras no tienen una relación etimológica directa, aunque es curioso que las dos derivan de partes del cuerpo. El adjetivo, porque durante mucho tiempo se creyó que la mente residía en el corazón; el sustantivo, por analogía con la forma de las tripas de los animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:02:29.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19473" CreationDate="2017-04-06T14:10:30.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedo aportar que &quot;fulera&quot; es usada en lenguaje coloquial (lunfardo) con frecuencia en Argentina se refiere a una mujer fea o desarreglada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15415" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T14:10:30.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20346" CreationDate="2017-04-06T15:25:48.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;205 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Considere un módulo que genera reportes. Puede cambiar el contenido o&#xA;  el formato, que son consideraciones distintas, una sustantiva, y la otra&#xA;  cosmética. De acuerdo al principio de responsabilidad única, estas se&#xA;  deben plasmar en módulos separados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema del párrafo es el principio de responsabilidad única, y el ejemplo del reporte lo ejemplifica, ya que el formato y el contenido son aspectos o responsabilidades ortogonales que se deben manejar de manera separada en una aplicación correcta del diseño orientado a objetos. La expresión &lt;em&gt;&quot;genera reportes&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es equivalente en el argot de tecnología de información (por lo menos en México) a la expresión &lt;em&gt;&quot;compila e imprime reportes.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15257" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T06:24:13.957" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T06:24:13.957" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-06T15:25:48.960" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T15:51:59.797" Score="1" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este impronunciable símbolo de nombre inglés &lt;strong&gt;&quot;ampersand&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; lo he oído hispanizado como &lt;em&gt;&quot;ámperson&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o sencillamente &quot;y&quot;. Sin embargo, me parece curioso dado el origen sajón del símbolo, (solía recitarse con el alfabeto, colocándolo después de la &quot;Z&quot; y la fórmula escolarizada terminaba como &lt;em&gt;&quot;... X, Y, Z, &lt;strong&gt;and per se 'and'&lt;/strong&gt; (&amp;amp;)&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (x,y,z y por sí mismo &quot;y&quot;)). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se ha pronunciado la RAE al respecto? Es indudable que la adopción de este símbolo como operador de lógica Boleana en ciencias de la computación hace que de alguna manera tengamos que referirnos a él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T16:09:19.023" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T16:09:19.023" Title="Nombre correcto en castellano para el símbolo &amp;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-06T16:17:47.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20372" CreationDate="2017-04-06T15:58:30.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ganga es un equivalente. No se puede representar todo un contexto social en una traducción, solo aproximadamente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15257" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T15:58:30.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20405" CreationDate="2017-04-06T16:04:37.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nótese la definición #12 del DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almohadilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Arq. Parte del sillar que sobresale de la obra, con las aristas achaflanadas o redondeadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entendí nada, pero en la Wikipedia pude aclarar el concepto en la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almohadillado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Almohadillado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de donde saqué éstas imágenes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PtJqB.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PtJqB.gif&quot; alt=&quot;almohadillado&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ajeWQ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ajeWQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si este es el origen de la acepción de la palabra, pero bien podría ser que la tipografía imita o se parece al almohadillado arquitectónico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Queda entonces pendiente la duda de por qué se le dice &lt;em&gt;almohadilla&lt;/em&gt; a este tipo de decoración de las paredes. Por lo que veo, como derivado de &lt;em&gt;almohada&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra almohadilla se ha usado para referirse a cualquier tipo de abultamiento, al parecer por analogía con las almohadillas anatómicas, que son partes blandas, como almohadas pequeñas o cojines, que sobresalen del cuerpo y que tienen alguna función protectora. (P. ej. Las almohadillas de las patas de los gatos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T17:41:57.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1969" CreationDate="2017-04-06T17:40:18.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba se dice dice normalmente &quot;trago&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos a tomarnos un trago&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estas ya en el bar puedes decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sirveme un sencillo o un doble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8966" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T17:40:18.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-06T18:24:10.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a speaker of Spanish living in a country where there is no phonetic difference between &lt;em&gt;s, c&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, I'd say those two questions sound practically, if not exactly, the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the context that will tell what the speaker means, and the interlocutor will answer accordingly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué vas a ser &lt;strong&gt;cuando seas grande&lt;/strong&gt;? // Voy a ser bombero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué vas a hacer &lt;strong&gt;mañana&lt;/strong&gt;? // Voy a ir a la escuela.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T20:24:57.770" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T20:24:57.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20391" CreationDate="2017-04-07T01:09:25.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según indica el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;NTLLE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, la primera vez que &quot;duende&quot; aparece como &quot;encanto misterioso e inefable&quot; es bastante reciente, en 1956; por otra parte, en 1791 apareció por primera vez, y estuvo en el diccionario hasta hace no mucho, la acepción de &quot;tener uno duende&quot; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Modo de hablar con que se explica que uno trae en la imaginación&#xA;  alguna especie que le inquieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es obvio que la acepción que nos interesa se usa desde hace mucho antes que su introducción en el diccionario; de lo contrario, Federico García Lorca no habría podido dar, en 1933, su conferencia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_y_juego_del_duende&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Teoría y juego del duende&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; pero no pude encontrar fuentes que indiquen una fecha concreta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la etimología, encontré dos teorías. La primera es la que postula el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/12610206/Una_teoria_sul_gioco_del_duende_and_F._Garcia_Lorca_Gioco_e_teoria_del_duende_Studi_INterculturali_2_2013_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Una teoria sul gioco del duende &amp;amp; F. Garcia Lorca, Gioco e teoria del duende&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, por Gianni Ferracuti (&lt;em&gt;Studi interculturali&lt;/em&gt; Nº 2, 2013), que dice más o menos que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El paso entre el duende como ser y el duende flamenco podría&#xA;  representarlo el adjetivo &quot;aduendado&quot;, ya aplicado a una persona por&#xA;  Cervantes [mencionado con anterioridad: &quot;Quítenme de allí aquel&#xA;  músico, si no voto á Dios que me vaya sin ver mas figura; valgate el&#xA;  diablo por músico aduendado, y que hace de menudear sin citola, y sin&#xA;  son&quot;.]; se puede imaginar que un lugar está &quot;aduendado&quot;, poseído por&#xA;  un duende, y que, por metáfora, se llega a hablar de una persona&#xA;  &quot;aduendada&quot;, o que &quot;tiene duende&quot;, en el sentido arriba indicado.&#xA;  (...) Me interesa además hacer notar que, en la expresión &quot;tener&#xA;  duende&quot; que aparece también en el contexto de Lorca, hay un individuo&#xA;  que &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt; un duende, y no un duende que posee al individuo: como&#xA;  habrá modo de aclarar más adelante, el artista &quot;aduendado&quot; no está&#xA;  poseído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra explicación, que parece más convincente, es la que figura en el texto (no sé si será una tesis) &lt;a href=&quot;https://riunet.upv.es/bitstream/handle/10251/35390/TFM%20Teor%C3%ADa%20del%20duende.pdf?sequence=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Teoría del duende: Concepto popular vinculado a la experiencia estética del éxtasis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Odette Fajardo Montaño (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 2013):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este término parece tener su raíz más directa del vocablo &lt;em&gt;duquende&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  que proviene del caló, lengua gitana con variantes dependiendo de los&#xA;  lugares donde el pueblo gitano se ha asentado. George Borrow, escritor&#xA;  e investigador inglés que en el siglo XIX realizó viajes a España para&#xA;  conocer la cultura gitana, se refiere en su libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/zincali00unkngoog#page/n212/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zincali, Gypsies of&#xA;  Spain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a la palabra &lt;em&gt;duquende&lt;/em&gt;, que significa espíritu, “Duénde”.&#xA;  Asimismo, afirma que el origen de la palabra procede del vocablo&#xA;  gitano ruso &lt;em&gt;Dook&lt;/em&gt;, que a su vez proviene de la palabra &lt;em&gt;Dhúka&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  Existe además la palabra &lt;em&gt;duquendio&lt;/em&gt; que significa según Borrow&#xA;  “maestro, hombre principal entre los gitanos” y en esto coincide en&#xA;  parte con R. Campuzano, quien en su diccionario de &lt;em&gt;Orijen, usos y&#xA;  costumbres de los jitanos&lt;/em&gt;, define &lt;em&gt;duquendió&lt;/em&gt; como, “maestro, el que&#xA;  enseña ciencia o arte”. (...) En tanto, la palabra &lt;em&gt;duquelas&lt;/em&gt;, que&#xA;  evidentemente comparte un origen etimológico con la palabra&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;duquende&lt;/em&gt;, tiene un significado que comúnmente se refiere a las “penas” o “dolores”, George Borrow define a la palabra &lt;em&gt;duquip&lt;/em&gt; como&#xA;  dolor. Estas relaciones semánticas resultan interesantes si&#xA;  consideramos el hecho —que veremos más adelante— de que el duende está&#xA;  ligado al dolor y a la vulnerabilidad. (...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora volviendo al&#xA;  origen etimológico del término duende, Walter Starkie, hispanista&#xA;  irlandés que siguió los pasos de Borrow, afirma en su &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.208611/2015.208611.Raggle-Taggle#page/n245/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raggle-Taggle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  que &lt;em&gt;dukh&lt;/em&gt; (palabra que proviene de la lengua gitana de Rusia), es un&#xA;  espíritu dionisíaco que produce un “raro frenesí orgiástico” que los&#xA;  “posee de tal manera que llegan a ser como Bacantes de Eurípides en&#xA;  sus “fiestas” musicales. Esta última definición coincide en gran&#xA;  medida con la astuta mirada de García Lorca, que contrapone el&#xA;  concepto de duende con el de ángel y musa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual, según esa explicación, el término vendría de &quot;espíritu&quot;, pero no del lado que suponíamos; es decir, no del español &quot;duen de [casa]&quot;, sino del habla gitana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T06:06:53.770" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T06:06:53.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20401" CreationDate="2017-04-07T01:41:42.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no conozco la política de Gales y Gran Bretaña, pero conozco el modismo &quot;ram through,&quot; y propondría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;imponer sin debate&lt;/strong&gt; (es decir, sin dar oportunidad de discusión, o sin consultar a todos los sectores políticos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi argumento: la definición de &lt;em&gt;ram something through&lt;/em&gt; es, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/ram+through&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;, es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - to force something through a deliberative body, usually not allowing due consideration [forzar algo por un órgano de deliberación, tipicamente sin permitir la consideración debida]. &lt;em&gt;They rammed the bill through the city council. The President was unable to ram the measure through Congress.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T10:43:07.263" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T10:43:07.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-07T01:45:29.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In practice, how does one distinguish between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué va a ser? | What are you going to be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué va a hacer? | What are you going to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer, in my opinion, is that you assume it is &amp;quot;¿Qué va a hacer?&amp;quot; because people will very rarely say, &amp;quot;¿Qué va a ser?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you provide a context where you are imagining that someone might say, &amp;quot;What are you going to be?&amp;quot; then I can suggest some realistic ways that might be expressed in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T01:45:29.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-07T03:33:46.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Argentina, y como nativa no soy buena explicando mi idioma, así que solo daré mi punto de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué va a ser? | What are you going to be? When you grow up?&lt;/em&gt; Creo que este es el significado, algo del futuro. Suena muy raro. Quizás pecamos de utilizar muchas &quot;s&quot; en mi zona. Pero si el intento es de ver quién te convertiras cuando crezcas, corresponde más una pregunta del tipo &quot;¿Quién vas a ser?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué va a hacer? | What are you going to do?&lt;/em&gt; Corresponde a una actividad que se desarrollará en un futuro cercano o para una determinada actividad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué va a hacer para esta noche? ¿Qué va a hacer para la fiesta de año nuevo?&lt;/em&gt; Está bien escrito. También puede ir &quot;Qué vas a hacer&quot; y no cambia el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hablan bien el español, y no peten letras pegadas (depende del acento de la zona, en la mía se ve en la gente de otras provincias) el &quot;va-a-ser&quot; y &quot;va-a-ha-cer&quot; se suena distinto, no tengan miedos de ir pausados pero seguros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15422" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T13:07:28.720" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T13:07:28.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-07T03:50:12.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to listen for the glotal stop.  When one says &lt;code&gt;Voy a hacer algo&lt;/code&gt; they make a glotal stop right before the other &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; that occurs in &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When hearing &lt;code&gt;que vas a ser&lt;/code&gt; there is no glotal stop.  It just rolls off the tongue. &lt;code&gt;K'vasa'ser&lt;/code&gt;.  Meanwhile, the other phrase sounds like this: &lt;code&gt;K'vasa'a'ser&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T03:50:12.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20434" CreationDate="2017-04-07T11:54:46.583" Score="5" ViewCount="2505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm beginning to learn Spanish, and one of the sentences I'm learning is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quedo en mi casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &quot;I stay at home&quot;. So, if the &quot;quedo&quot; is conjugated for &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; and not for &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;, like in &quot;me gusta&quot;, why is it &quot;me quedo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T02:03:50.727" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T13:01:51.787" Title="Why is it &quot;me quedo&quot; instead of &quot;yo quedo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20423" CreationDate="2017-04-07T11:59:40.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;me&quot; is not the subject of the phrase, and as you guessed correctly &quot;Yo&quot; is the actual subject, the full phrase would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me quedo en mi casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing is in Spanish we often omit the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this is not part of the main question, but be careful with your example &quot;me gusta&quot;. &quot;Me&quot; is not the subject in this phrase, in fact it is a common mistake even among people whose first language is Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a full sentence: &quot;Me gusta el pollo&quot;, &quot;el pollo&quot; is the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common example to illustrate this is to pluralize &quot;el pollo&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; lo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; pollo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T13:30:57.027" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T13:30:57.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20428" CreationDate="2017-04-07T14:22:18.430" Score="5" ViewCount="2353" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked a native and the person didn't know (probably my fault). &#xA;Answers on usage in other countries are welcome.&#xA;I want to know how to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pull-ups,&#xA;push-ups,&#xA;sit-ups&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:42:54.697" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:42:54.697" Title="In Mexico what is the most common Spanish word for pull-ups, push-ups, and sit-ups?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20430" CreationDate="2017-04-07T14:39:35.003" Score="3" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a cross country runner is out there I also want to know how to say what is called &lt;strong&gt;fartlek&lt;/strong&gt;. A fast up tempo speed run followed by recovery running. It's interval training but no walking is allowed. Also is there a particular word for &lt;strong&gt;a long distance run&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;cross-country running&lt;/strong&gt; (as in the sport name)? Also what is a &lt;strong&gt;side cramp&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;side-stitch&lt;/strong&gt; called, the pain in the side of your abdomen which is likely caused by lack of water, potassium or weak abdomen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:40:44.380" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:40:44.380" Title="In México how would a runner say &quot;fartlek&quot;, &quot;side-cramp&quot;, &quot;long slow distance run&quot;, and cross country running?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20425" CreationDate="2017-04-07T14:45:38.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pull-up_%28exercise%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pull-ups&lt;/a&gt; are called &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;dominadas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push-up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Push-ups&lt;/a&gt; I believe are called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push-up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;flexiones&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;flexión de codos&lt;/em&gt;). Sit ups may be &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=042kBjt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abdominales&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T17:05:14.610" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T17:05:14.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20425" CreationDate="2017-04-07T15:12:08.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Específicamente en México &lt;strong&gt;Pull-ups&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;em&gt;hacer barra&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;push-ups&lt;/strong&gt; son &lt;em&gt;lagartijas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;sit-ups&lt;/strong&gt; son &lt;em&gt;abdominales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T15:12:08.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20423" CreationDate="2017-04-07T15:27:24.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might be an informal answer but I hope it is nevertheless useful. (Spanish is my first language, so I barely have a formal understanding of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When &quot;yo&quot; does the action, conjugation is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo compro comida, Yo compré comida, Yo compraré comida&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo nado en la piscina, Yo nadé en la piscina, Yo nadaré en la piscina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo estudio para el examen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo cuido a los demás&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when the action &quot;yo&quot; is doing is over himself, the conjugation is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me alimento bien, Yo me alimenté bien, Yo me alimentaré bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me meto a la piscina a nadar, Yo me metí a la piscina a nadar, Yo me &#xA;meteré a la piscina a nadar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me preparo para el examen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me cuido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10766" LastEditorUserId="10766" LastEditDate="2017-04-09T05:24:33.730" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T05:24:33.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20426" CreationDate="2017-04-07T17:31:10.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;long distance run&lt;/strong&gt;, the sports tech term you're looking for is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carrera de fondo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Actually, any sports endeavor that rewards endurance over speed is said to be about &lt;em&gt;&quot;fondo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; físico, literally &lt;em&gt;&quot;bottom&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;deep end&quot;&lt;/em&gt; probably an allegory about finding one's physical &lt;em&gt;endurance depth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything &lt;strong&gt;cross country&lt;/strong&gt; (running, walking, etc) is said to be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Campo-traviesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;fartleks,&lt;/strong&gt; the English loan word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Sprint&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; will be well understood in Mexico with your intended meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the side cramp, it's a funny idiom: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Dolor de caballo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;caballazo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; refers to that kind of pain, probably referring to the Broken stride when you get hit by that pain while running, that resembles a horse's stride.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &quot;No pude terminar la &lt;em&gt;carrera de fondo&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;Campo-traviesa,&lt;/em&gt; pues al terminar el primer &lt;em&gt;sprint&lt;/em&gt; me dió un insoportable &lt;em&gt;dolor de caballo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T17:58:40.777" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T17:58:40.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20432" CreationDate="2017-04-07T20:07:31.543" Score="6" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De pronto Gibraltar ha entrado en la agenda catalana. Ha sido de repente y por interés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above sentence appeared in an article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2017/04/07/58e73d6cca474112218b4662.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;elmundo&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't previously came across &lt;em&gt;por interés&lt;/em&gt; as a phrase. By itself it doesn't appear make much sense (by interest), and entries in the dictionary usually have the &lt;em&gt;interés&lt;/em&gt; qualified with some other description  (i.e. personal interest, historical interest etc.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the context in the article, I'm assuming that the true meaning of the sentence is that it has been sudden and driven by personal (/national) interests, but can't find anything to back this up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;por interés&lt;/em&gt;  a common phrase, and does it have the usage that I'm presuming it does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13552" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T08:54:37.513" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T21:36:54.147" Title="Usage of 'por interés'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20431" CreationDate="2017-04-07T21:21:08.477" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a common saying in Spanish (at least in Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por el interés te quiero, Andrés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, we have the following meanings for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LtgQXGl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interés&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Provecho, utilidad, ganancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Valor de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Lucro producido por el capital.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Inclinación del ánimo hacia un objeto, una persona, una narración, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. bienes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Conveniencia o beneficio en el orden moral o material.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first meaning is the most general one, and the one that fits the expression: &lt;em&gt;interés&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;profit, earnings&lt;/em&gt;. The last meaning could also fit, as is a similar one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you have said in the question, &lt;strong&gt;the sentence means that something has been done all of a sudden and driven by a given interest, expecting a profit from that&lt;/strong&gt;. The example I give at the start of the answer illustrates that the expression can contain also an article, as &lt;em&gt;interés&lt;/em&gt; is a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por interés&lt;/em&gt; is then a common expression, and quite old (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cosa muy ordinaria es prender a un hombre sin más culpa o razón que el gusto del ministro. Hazen los tales mercaduría del oficio, o ya &lt;strong&gt;por interés&lt;/strong&gt; o por vengança, y esto es lo menos, porque también suelen prenderle para, en el ínterin, escalarle la casa o quitarle la honra, que a tanto alcança su tiranía y imperio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, &quot;Varia fortuna del soldado Píndaro&quot;, 1626 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And quite used still nowadays:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que éstos o parecidos argumentos subyacen en el fondo de esas ayudas económicas que en algunos países como Francia otorga el Estado a las familias por hijo nacido. Más que por solidaridad es &lt;strong&gt;por interés&lt;/strong&gt; propio, pues son inversiones que revierten a medio y largo plazo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PRENSA, &quot;El Diario Vasco, 23/01/2004 : OPINIÓN&quot;, 2004 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This last example also illustrates that &lt;em&gt;por interés&lt;/em&gt; can also be followed by a qualifier, in this case &lt;em&gt;por interés propio&lt;/em&gt;, but it can also be &lt;em&gt;por interés personal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por interés mutuo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por interés económico&lt;/em&gt;, and so on. In any case, &lt;strong&gt;doing something  &lt;em&gt;por interés&lt;/em&gt; is doing something for the possible benefits&lt;/strong&gt;, as opposed to doing something &lt;em&gt;por altruismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T21:36:54.147" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T21:36:54.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20079" CreationDate="2017-04-07T21:47:54.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I speak South American Spanish as my first language, and I would clearly understand you are talking about someone from an English speaking country. I can't tell if this a correct form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T21:47:54.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20423" CreationDate="2017-04-08T06:42:01.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question, glad you asked.  There are several things to clear up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let's make sure you understand this verb, &lt;em&gt;quedarse&lt;/em&gt;.  It's a reflexive verb that means &lt;em&gt;to stay&lt;/em&gt;.  Literally, &quot;Yo me quedo quieto&quot; means &quot;I keep myself still.&quot;  Also, literally, &quot;Yo me quedo en mi casa&quot; means &quot;I keep myself in my home.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As someone else pointed out, the subject is omitted because, well, that's one of the fun things about Spanish.  It's implied in the conjugation of the verb, and so you can leave it out, for a more elegant expression.  So, &quot;Yo me quedo&quot; = &quot;Me quedo.&quot;  The two versions are equivalent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me gusta&quot; is a different kettle of fish.  &quot;Me gusta el silencio&quot; means, literally, &quot;Silence pleases me.&quot;  So, again translating literally just for pedagogical purposes, &quot;Me gusta&quot; means &quot;It pleases me&quot; -- we'd have to see the context to be sure &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; pleases you, in other words, &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; you like.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus tip: &quot;Me quedo en casa&quot; would be more elegant still.  Kind of like in English, &quot;at home&quot; is enough -- you don't need to say &quot;at my home.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T06:42:01.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20436" CreationDate="2017-04-08T09:52:43.770" Score="10" ViewCount="763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of translating an &lt;em&gt;Ecuadorian&lt;/em&gt; legal document to English, and the document begins with the verbiage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comparecen a fs. 9 de autos los cónyuges [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the &quot;fs. 9 de autos&quot; mean?  Is that perhaps a court docket number or family law regulation code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T11:26:51.070" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T11:52:35.033" Title="Translating legal document - what is &quot;fs. 9 de autos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;ecuador&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20435" CreationDate="2017-04-08T11:52:35.033" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish legal language, &quot;fs.&quot; means &quot;fojas&quot; (folio). It is not the same as &quot;page&quot;, because it includes both sides, front and reverse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Black's Law Dictionary gives this explanation and definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FOLIO&lt;/strong&gt;. A leaf. In the ancient lawbooks it was the custom to number the leaves, instead of the pages; hence a folio would include both sides of the leaf, or two pages. The references to these books are made by the number of the folio, the letters &quot;a&quot; and &quot;b&quot; being added to show which of the two pages is intended; thus &quot;Bracton, fol. 100a.&quot; (In Spanish, we'd say &quot;a fs. 100&quot; and &quot;a fs. 100 vta.&quot; (&quot;vta.&quot; standing for &quot;vuelta&quot;: reverse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preposition used with it is &quot;a&quot;: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; fojas XXX de ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;autos&quot; is generally translated as &quot;the proceedings&quot;, in reference to all the documents that are included and all the steps that are taken in the case at issue. In Black's Law Dictionary, &quot;proceeding&quot; in the singular is defined as the prosecution of a case, but inside the definition and within a footnote we can find some reference to its use in the plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] Sometimes, merely the record history of a case. [...] The proceedings of a suit embrace all matters that occur in its process judicially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase in question should thus be translated as: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;on folio 9 of the proceedings&lt;/strong&gt; the spouses enter an appearance...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T11:52:35.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12718" CreationDate="2017-04-08T14:14:37.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Valor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can refer to &lt;strong&gt;monetary value&lt;/strong&gt; for example: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Este automovil no tiene &lt;em&gt;valor&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  is like saying &lt;em&gt;This car has no monetary value.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Valor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; may refer to &lt;strong&gt;courage&lt;/strong&gt; for example &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Tuve el &lt;em&gt;valor&lt;/em&gt; de matarlos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; meaning  &lt;em&gt;I had the courage to kill them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15433" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-04-09T01:27:48.150" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T01:27:48.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20426" CreationDate="2017-04-08T17:25:25.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &quot;fartlek&quot; we use the same word: &quot;fartlek&quot;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fartlek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fartlek&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Fartlek —«juego de velocidad» en sueco1 — es un sistema de entrenamiento que consiste en hacer varios ejercicios, tanto aeróbicos como anaeróbicos, principalmente ejercicios de carrera, caracterizados por los cambios de ritmo realizados a intervalos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as far as I know, and unlike the other words you ask for, this is generally not used outside the running community, and therefore generally unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16434" LastEditorUserId="16434" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T17:36:34.740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T17:36:34.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20439" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-08T17:33:26.347" Score="6" ViewCount="1295" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la versión del cuento &quot;Caperucita Roja&quot; disponible en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/pesquisa/PesquisaObraForm.do?select_action=&amp;amp;co_autor=2000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web brasileña&lt;/a&gt; aparece la palabra &lt;em&gt;siga&lt;/em&gt;, que no consigo entender ni encontrar en diccionarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MORALEJA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aquí vemos que la adolescencia,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en especial las señoritas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  bien hechas, amables y bonitas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no deben a cualquiera oír con complacencia,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y no resulta causa de extrañeza&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ver que muchas del lobo son la presa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y digo el lobo, pues &#xA;  bajo su envoltura&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no todos son de igual calaña: &#xA;  Los hay con no poca maña,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  silenciosos, sin odio ni amargura,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que en secreto, pacientes, con dulzura&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  van &lt;strong&gt;a la siga&lt;/strong&gt; de las damiselas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  hasta las casas y en las callejuelas;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  más, bien sabemos que los zalameros&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  entre todos los lobos ¡ay! son los más fieros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir? ¿Equivale a &quot;zaga&quot;?, o ¿&quot;van a la siga de las damiselas&quot; es una construcción extraña de &quot;van siguiendo a las damiselas&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16434" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T10:30:06.190" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T10:40:24.790" Title="¿Qué es &quot;a la siga&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20439" CreationDate="2017-04-08T19:27:31.570" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.universitaria.cl/libro?isbn=956111934X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Encontré el libro&lt;/a&gt; y parece ser editado por la Editorial Universitaria, que es chilena. Creo que este es un dato importante a destacar antes de mencionar la búsqueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, &lt;em&gt;siga&lt;/em&gt; no aparece en el diccionario. Sin embargo, al buscar su significado en el DRAE nos redirecciona a &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt; (pues &lt;em&gt;siga&lt;/em&gt; es la 2.ª persona del singular en modo imperativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí vemos al final del todo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XT8l8aE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. Col. adelante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. interj. Col. En una comida, u. para indicar que se puede comenzar a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;em&gt;Col.&lt;/em&gt; indica Colombia. Por tanto, parecería que significa &lt;em&gt;adelante&lt;/em&gt; en Colombia, por lo que el significado de la frase sería &lt;em&gt;van &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de las damiselas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, leyendo la totalidad del texto vemos que efectivamente es raro y lo normal por el contexto sería lo contrario y que su significado real fuera &lt;em&gt;a la zaga&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cGzW0zs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a la zaga, a zaga, o en zaga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. advs. Atrás o detrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, buscando un poco más di con un par de referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Wordreference bajo el título &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/a-la-siga.1519620/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;a la siga&quot;&lt;/a&gt; dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A la siga&lt;/em&gt; de significa seguir a, ir detrás de. Este giro es muy común en el habla coloquial de Chile, sobre todo en las áreas rurales. Isabel Allende es Chilena y, por lo tanto, no es extraño el uso de este término en ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego en Oxford Dictionaries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/siga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Siga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Chile Palabra que se usa en la expresión a la siga que significa 'tras de algo', en busca de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto tu intuición casa con lo que parece ser, unido con el hecho de que la edición con la que trabajas sea chilena y, por tanto, propia del lugar donde tal expresión es utilizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Ojalá algún amigo chileno del sitio (hola Rodrigo :P) nos pueda confirmar.&lt;/s&gt; ¡Confirmado en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20444/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt;, que es chileno!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:53:50.423" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T10:22:59.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20443" CreationDate="2017-04-08T20:59:55.420" Score="2" ViewCount="3638" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;alguien&quot; el sujeto de esta frase? ¿Puede el sujeto venir después del verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T21:06:20.650" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T23:24:52.530" Title="¿Quién es el sujeto en la frase &quot;hay alguien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20441" CreationDate="2017-04-08T21:18:12.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un bonito rompecabezas sintáctico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De primera mano se antoja responder que el sujeto siempre es quien realiza o ejerce la acción del verbo, luego &lt;strong&gt;alguien&lt;/strong&gt; es el sujeto. Lo que lleva a un argumento recursivo en un chusco juego de palabras. (Quién es el sujeto? -Alguien -pues si, pero quién?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que se trata de un verbo transitivo (ser/estar) y requiere de otro verbo para transmitir la acción a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;alguien&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que en realidad es el objeto directo, en quién recae la acción del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podríamos suponer que se trata de un sujeto tácito o implícito, sin embargo no hay suficiente contexto en la oración para construirlo o derivarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, lo que tenemos aquí, es un &lt;strong&gt;fragmento de enunciado&lt;/strong&gt; no hay sujeto, estrictamente hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es fuerte la tentación sin embargo, de construir ese contexto tratando de dar sentido al fragmento, por ejemplo en la frase idiomática &lt;em&gt;&quot;hay alguien ahí?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; Que siendo un fragmento de oración, se reconoce universalmente como una pregunta &lt;em&gt;&quot;al aire&quot;&lt;/em&gt; tratando de determinar si uno se encuentra solo o en compañía de otra persona, más allá de lo que nuestros sentidos nos permiten dilucidar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma de expresarse la misma &lt;em&gt;pregunta al aire&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;quién vive?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T21:18:12.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20441" CreationDate="2017-04-08T22:41:20.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta debería haber sido: ¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuál / Qué palabra/frase&lt;/strong&gt; es el sujeto en la &lt;strong&gt;oración&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;Hay alguien&amp;quot;? El sujeto es una función sintáctica, no una persona a la que nos podamos referir a través del pronombre &amp;quot;quién&amp;quot;. Además, &amp;quot;Hay alguien&amp;quot; no es una frase, sino una oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es que la oración no tiene sujeto, pues cuando &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; tiene el sentido de &amp;quot;existir&amp;quot; es impersonal y, por lo tanto, carece de sujeto. Prueba de esto es que, en otras formas del verbo, éste no toma el número del sustantivo plural que sigue: &lt;em&gt;Había (NO &amp;quot;Habían&amp;quot;) muchas personas ahí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el punto 15.3.1 de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española, se trata de la variante locativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;15.3.1 Construcciones con HABER IMPERSONAL&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;15.3.1a&lt;/strong&gt; Admiten estas construcciones dos variantes, una locativa y otra adscriptiva. En la primera, la noción de 'presentación' se combina con la de 'localización', a veces implícita, como en &lt;em&gt;¿Hay alguien?&lt;/em&gt;, donde el argumento locativo se interpreta deícticamente: &lt;em&gt;¿Hay alguien ahí?&lt;/em&gt;, o en &lt;em&gt;Hay novedades&lt;/em&gt;, donde se recupera a través del contexto o la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, en las construcciones con &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; impersonal&amp;quot; lo que sigue no es sujeto sino objeto directo (OD). Si bien con &amp;quot;alguien&amp;quot; la prueba de reemplazar el OD por un pronombre &amp;quot;lo/a/s&amp;quot; no funciona (simplemente porque &amp;quot;alguien&amp;quot; es indefinido), sí funciona cuando lo que sigue es un OD definido: &lt;em&gt;Hay novedades -&amp;gt; &lt;strong&gt;Las&lt;/strong&gt; hay.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T23:24:52.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20439" CreationDate="2017-04-09T00:25:56.533" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no haces la pregunta no me habría enterado de que es un chilenismo. Y me parece curioso que no esté en ningún diccionario, porque es una expresión que uno escucharía o diría un par de veces al mes acá en Chile. Googleando la encuentras en escritores chilenos más o menos desde 1900.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, de hecho lo que tú buscas no es &amp;quot;siga&amp;quot;, sino &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;a la siga de&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, y ya te dijeron fedorqui y aparente001 lo que significa. Para detallar un poco, agrego que los chilenos lo usamos como locución preposicional, con el significado de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tras&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, abarcando más o menos lo que dirías con verbos como &amp;quot;buscar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;perseguir&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;acosar&amp;quot;. En este caso, &lt;em&gt;los lobos acosan a las señoritas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa acompañando a los verbos &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;venir&amp;quot; y sobre todo &amp;quot;andar&amp;quot;. &lt;em&gt;Andar a la siga de...&lt;/em&gt; significa &amp;quot;estar persiguiendo (a)...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los jinetes van a la siga del ganado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ando a la siga de ejemplares de &amp;quot;La Pequeña Lulú&amp;quot; anteriores a 1950.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sinvergüenza Ramírez anda a la siga de la secretaria nueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También usamos locuciones adverbiales, reemplazando el término del complemento por un pronombre de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La secretaria anda &lt;em&gt;a mi siga&lt;/em&gt;. (La secre me está coqueteando).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doctor, la señora Pérez anda &lt;em&gt;a su siga&lt;/em&gt; desde ayer. (La señora lo está buscando desde ayer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a pesar de esto, la palabra &amp;quot;siga&amp;quot; no es un sustantivo aislable. No tenemos &amp;quot;las sigas&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;una siga&amp;quot; u &amp;quot;otra siga&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sugerencia de fedorqui, de que es una deformación de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;a la zaga&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, no la puedo confirmar pero me parece totalmente plausible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T13:49:35.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4623" CreationDate="2017-04-09T02:53:17.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos están equivocados! Con la sola excepción de que este &quot;qué haciendo&quot; se trata de un regionalismo y de una expresión coloquial. Nada tiene que ver con &quot;¿qué estás haciendo?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gente la utiliza con el sentido de &quot;¿cómo así?&quot;, o &quot;¿con qué derecho?&quot;. Un poco equivale al &quot;how come?&quot; que se utiliza en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo: El jefe dice que te va a descontar el daño de tu próximo sueldo. El empleado contesta &quot;Qué haciendo?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16441" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-09T04:02:58.680" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T04:02:58.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-09T07:57:58.090" Score="4" ViewCount="2939" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la lengua española recoge &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3vyIIP%7CT3wHEqJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer el pino&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejercicio gimnástico que consiste en poner el cuerpo verticalmente con los pies hacia arriba, apoyando las manos en el suelo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desde hace relativamente poco (salvo error, la primera inclusión es en 1989).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La noción de verticalidad viene asociada a &quot;pino&quot; desde ediciones muy anteriores, pero ¿con los pies hacia arriba?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16442" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T07:09:47.997" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T12:47:45.923" Title="¿Por qué &quot;hacer el pino&quot; es poner el cuerpo verticalmente con los pies hacia arriba?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20450" CreationDate="2017-04-09T11:36:22.703" Score="2" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the conclusion of a (Spanish) transcription of legal proceedings, the following text appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejecutoriado que sea fallo, confiérase copia certificada para que sea subinscrito en el Registro Civil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't quite make sense of the English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Executed that it be judgment [failure?], confer it certified copy so that it be recorded in the Civil Register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the pervasive use of the subjunctive mood, plus the impersonal (formal) imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the basic meaning, but I seem to be tripping on the mechanics of the formal court Spanish in the original.  How might this be better translated for &quot;layperson speak&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side question:  Should I assume the masculine &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/77587&quot;&gt;past-participle-as-noun&lt;/a&gt; &quot;subinscrito&quot; has &lt;em&gt;fallo&lt;/em&gt; as its agent? (My first thought was that this was mismatched gender for &lt;em&gt;copia&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second side question:  Is there any historical etymology behind &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/fallo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fallo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; meaning both &quot;judgment&quot; and &quot;failure&quot;? (I suppose the two English terms could be related, but then that's more of a philosophical and semantics debate.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:11.293" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T13:06:13.683" Title="Making sense of legal terms and wording - multiple meanings of &quot;fallo&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20449" CreationDate="2017-04-09T14:09:55.000" Score="7" ViewCount="2227" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;em&gt;El cuaderno de Maya&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una mujer gruesa, de risa contagiosa, saludó a Manuel Arias con un&#xA;beso en la mejilla y a mí me observó un poco desconcertada antes de&#xA;decidirse a besarme también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Americana? -le preguntó a Manuel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No se nota? -dijo él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y qué le pasó en la cabeza? -agregó ella, señalando mi pelo teñido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nací así -le informé, picada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡La gringuita habla cristiano!&lt;/strong&gt; -exclamó ella, encantada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every translation &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/habla+cristiano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in context&lt;/a&gt; of the phrase is &amp;quot;speaks plain English.&amp;quot; Was the language translated from Spanish to English by someone because even in translating to 3rd languages like French still gives &amp;quot;English&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase only makes sense as Spanish in the example above as they are in Chile, and Wikipedia's article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_given_to_the_Spanish_language#.22Cristiano.22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;names given to the Spanish Language&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the presence of Moors in Hispania, Spanish was sometimes given the name &lt;em&gt;cristiano&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Christian&amp;quot;) to distinguish it from the Arabic and Hebrew languages...The expression &lt;em&gt;Hábleme en cristiano&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;talk to me in Christian&amp;quot;, uttered to people not speaking Spanish at the moment, is used in opposition of the other languages of Spain, which is felt as annoying by them&lt;sup&gt;[citation needed]&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later wikipedia seems to indicate it may mean whatever language is more clear to the speaker:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Háblame en cristiano&amp;quot; is also a phrase used to ask for clarification&#xA;in a conversation, when the topic of the discussion is not clear or is&#xA;vaguely hinted at by one of the speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:09:17.260" Title="Does &quot;habla cristiano&quot; mean speaks Spanish and not &quot;speaks plain English&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20448" CreationDate="2017-04-09T14:39:10.487" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Háblame en cristiano&quot; simply means &quot;Please use a simple language so I can understand&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When someone is using a very technical language you could say &quot;En cristiano por favor&quot; so the person switches to a simpler language you can understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously if you only speak Spanish and someone is using any foreign language it will also apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you are translating from a text in Spanish that uses that expression you could translate that to &quot;plain English&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update&#xA;The equivalent English expression is &lt;strong&gt;In layman’s terms, please&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T16:09:17.260" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:09:17.260" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20447" CreationDate="2017-04-09T18:21:50.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid the phrase in question lacks the article. The correct phrase is: &lt;em&gt;Ejecutoriado que sea &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; fallo, ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that google searches (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.ar/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;ion=1&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=%22ejecutoriado%20que%20sea%20el%20fallo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Searches&lt;/a&gt;) show more than 2,600 results for the phrase with &quot;el&quot;, and only one without it: your question at this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judgments (or decrees) are of course executed (signed) by the judge and, as a result, &lt;strong&gt;enforced&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, put into practice. &quot;ejecutoriado&quot; is closer to this idea of &quot;enforcement&quot;. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proz.com/kudoz/spanish_to_english/law_general/1221401-ejecutoriado.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Supporting source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To translate something legal in the subjunctive passive form (it can be regarded as imperative, or as the subordinate clause of &quot;Ordeno que se confiera&quot;), two formulas can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;May X be + past participle ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be X + past participle ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good translation is not one that makes the text understandable for the layperson. A good translation is one that imitates the original to the extent that nothing is lost -- not only the content of the original, but also its style. A good literary translation needs to sound literary, a good technical translation needs to sound technical, and a good legal translation needs to sound legal, not like everyday speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;subinscripto&quot; does refer to &quot;fallo&quot; (masculine). The point is that the &lt;strong&gt;primary&lt;/strong&gt; record of the judgment will remain in court, while a copy is being requested for the judgment to be &lt;strong&gt;also&lt;/strong&gt; entered in the Civil Register (the book) or filed with the Civil Registry (the office). What I mean to make clear at this point is that &quot;registro&quot; is ambiguous in Spanish. This &lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/strong&gt; entry or recording counts as a secondary filing (&lt;em&gt;subinscripción&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible translation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Once the judgment has been enforced, may a certified copy thereof (be made to) be filed with the Civil Registry / recorded/entered in the Civil Register.&lt;/strong&gt; (I think &quot;be made of&quot; can be omitted, as it is implicit that a copy will need to be made to be able to proceed with its filing.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry I can't help with the etymology of &quot;fallar&quot; and &quot;fallo&quot;. In English, we can say that a judge or court pronounces/renders/passes/issues a judgment (&lt;em&gt;emite/pronuncia/dicta una sentencia/un fallo&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;falla&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-04-09T21:20:40.840" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T21:20:40.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20448" CreationDate="2017-04-10T01:55:35.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many times in translating a phrase one needs to think how it would be expressed in your own language. In this case the original meaning carried very strongly the connotation that 'the christian language' was &quot;&lt;em&gt;our&lt;/em&gt; language&quot;. I think that is the term that applies here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the use of the condescending &quot;gringuita&quot; reinforces that interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16448" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T01:55:35.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2017-04-10T05:24:58.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no difference whatsoever in spoken form (at least in Mexico.) Of course one may take extra care when pronouncing the linked &lt;strong&gt;aes&lt;/strong&gt; but, in practice, it is not common. Luckily, in this case, context will determine the right meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T05:24:58.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-10T08:49:57.977" Score="3" ViewCount="3185" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c4efaPO#AWbUYjB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poner&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;de vuelta y media&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Tratarlo mal de palabra, llenarlo de improperios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase se usa cuando insultas a alguien o hablas mal de él, y se viene usando desde hace bastante tiempo. El caso más antiguo que he encontrado (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedaron tan amostazados que, ya que fuera de allí no se atrevían a dar tras mí, en el púlpito cuando predicaban &lt;strong&gt;me ponían de vuelta y media&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;San Juan Bautista de la Concepción (Juan García López), &quot;Memoria de los orígenes en la descalcez trinitaria&quot;, c 1607 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un ejemplo reciente para demostrar que sigue siendo válida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El inventor de los refranes no debía de tener muy buen concepto de Dios, porque &lt;strong&gt;lo pone de vuelta y media&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;Dios da legañas al que no tiene ojos&quot;, &quot;Dios da mocos al que no tiene pañuelos&quot;. Vamos, que Dios no da ni una.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Varios autores, &quot;El club de la Comedia Presenta Ventajas de ser incompetente y otros monólogos de humor&quot;, 2001 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase se suele usar igual que cuando dices que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TdpEAZG#CCPLT84&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;has puesto a alguien a parir&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, en este último caso el significado alegórico está claro: has insultado a una embarazada y le has causado tal disgusto que se le ha adelantado el parto. En el dicho que nos atañe, ¿por qué hablar mal de alguien es ponerlo de vuelta y media? ¿A qué hace alusión esa &quot;vuelta y media&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T16:19:06.903" Title="Origen y significado alegórico de la expresión &quot;poner a alguien de vuelta y media&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20447" CreationDate="2017-04-10T09:00:00.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most importantly in this sentences, besides the baroque subjunctive gymnastics, is the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;Fallo&lt;/strong&gt;. It's easy to mistake the word and translate it as &lt;em&gt;Failure,&lt;/em&gt; since there is a homonym in Spanish with that very meaning and is used more frequently that the legalese. (I believe the term in translation lore  is that Failure is a &lt;em&gt;false friend&lt;/em&gt; to Fallo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as Failing is a verb, it must be noted that in the word used in legalese is actually a &lt;strong&gt;substantive&lt;/strong&gt;. Even though you may hear that a judge or tribunal &quot;falla&quot; (as a verb) the correct wording is they &lt;strong&gt;Emitir un fallo&lt;/strong&gt; equivalent in English to &lt;em&gt;pass judgement&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fallo&lt;/strong&gt; Is then not a word but an actual product of the judge's or authorities action by &lt;strong&gt;emiting&lt;/strong&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;Un fallo&lt;/strong&gt; can be an order of redress in favor of one of the parties, it can also come in the form of a punishment for a guilty party or it can be a settlement to reach peace. In every case, &lt;strong&gt;Fallo&lt;/strong&gt; comes down to be a &lt;strong&gt;decision&lt;/strong&gt; by someone with authority on a discussed matter, in order to end it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common idiom: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;El Fallo del respetable siempre es inapelable&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (used in show business mainly) means that there is no appeal possible once the audience has passed judgement on your performance (&lt;em&gt;El respetable&lt;/em&gt; Is short for &lt;em&gt;El respetable público&lt;/em&gt; but in an idiomatic way. So literally, &lt;em&gt;the honorable audience passed judgement, and no appeal is possible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T09:00:00.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20439" CreationDate="2017-04-10T10:40:24.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay mucho más que añadir a las otras respuestas. Tan solo que, sorprendentemente, la expresión no viene recogida en el diccionario de americanismos. Sí que se muestran ejemplos en el CORDE (11 casos en 9 documentos, todos de Chile) que ilustran el significado de &quot;tras&quot; explicado por Rodrigo, siendo el que &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=10&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100417%5C012%5CC000O10042017122701886.1180.1176&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20la%20siga%20de%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se muestra a continuación&lt;/a&gt; el más antiguo (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] Souper regresó a su campamento sin más novedad que el sacrificio de un tierno potrillo que, muerta la madre peruana en los combates de la víspera, &lt;strong&gt;se puso a la siga de su caravana&lt;/strong&gt;; y como relinchara a cada instante, dos soldados se bajaron de sus caballos y después de enlazarlo, de un sablazo lo mataron.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, &quot;La campaña de Lima&quot;, 1881 (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en Ngram encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=DF0sAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA112&amp;amp;dq=%22a%20la%20siga%20de%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjtp7bu15nTAhUBPRQKHe8RBpkQ6AEIJjAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22a%20la%20siga%20de%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta de 1867&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una mujer del día no es más que un par de colas ambulantes; una cola de caballo en la cabeza y otra de género &lt;strong&gt;a la siga de&lt;/strong&gt; los talones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T10:40:24.790" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20446" CreationDate="2017-04-10T12:47:45.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión hoy día se conoce como &quot;hacer el pino&quot;, pero buscando en Ngram he encontrado una entrada en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario enciclopédico hispano-americano de literatura, ciencias y artes&lt;/em&gt;, volumen 28 (segundo apéndice, M-Z) de 1910, &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/diccionarioencic28vizu#page/582/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que dice así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HACER EL PINO, o HACER PINOS: Mantenerse en posición vertical, con los pies en alto y la cabeza y las manos apoyadas en el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que aporta a continuación se puede consultar también &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=100417%5C014%5CC000O10042017142848748.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20hacer%20pinos%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en el CORDE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cabalmente el hacer pinos pronto y bien era una de las grandes habilidades de Andrés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María de Pereda, &quot;Sotileza&quot;, 1885-1888 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, antiguamente se decía &quot;hacer pinos&quot;, expresión que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3wHEqJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se usa también&lt;/a&gt; para expresar que un niño está dando sus primeros pasos. A eso le tenemos que sumar el hecho de que &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;/em&gt; es un adjetivo que significa &quot;muy pendiente o muy derecho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se puede ver el origen de la expresión como que en gimnástica el ejercicio de &quot;hacer el pino&quot; consiste en ponerse muy derecho (solo que con los pies hacia arriba, que si no, no tiene gracia), o incluso que en esa posición uno mantiene la verticalidad a duras penas, tal y como hace un niño que está haciendo pinitos. De hecho, si a una persona en esa posición le dices que intente andar un poco con las manos, andará igual que un bebé que está aprendiendo a caminar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mención especial a un artículo de un diario llamado &lt;em&gt;La Risa&lt;/em&gt;, publicado en Madrid, que tenía una sección de piropos dedicados a las mujeres, enviados por los lectores, y que el 20 de mayo de 1923 &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0025584908&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=%22hacer%20el%20pino%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recogía esto&lt;/a&gt; en una de esas secciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—So resala: Por una sonrisa dulce de usted, era yo capaz de hacer el &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;/em&gt; en una de las pirámides de Egipto durante veinticuatro horas, y después atravesarme a nado el Mediterráneo en diez minutos. —UN ATLETA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este artículo se aprecia el uso de la expresión actual &quot;hacer el pino&quot; en vez de &quot;hacer pinos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T12:47:45.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20447" CreationDate="2017-04-10T13:00:01.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?fallar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias de Chile&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fallar (de decidir) viene del latí &lt;em&gt;afflare&lt;/em&gt; (soplar hacia algo, olfatear). De ese verbo también procede &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fallar (de fracasar o no conseguir) viene de &lt;em&gt;falla&lt;/em&gt; (falta, defecto), relacionada con &lt;em&gt;fallax&lt;/em&gt; (mentiroso) y el verbo &lt;em&gt;fallere&lt;/em&gt; (engañar). De esta raíz tenemso también &lt;code&gt;falacia&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;falencia&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;falaz&lt;/code&gt; (y por supuesto &lt;code&gt;fallo&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T13:00:01.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-10T15:51:17.850" Score="1" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many young professionals find themselves traveling a lot, and oftentimes they, or their hosts may suggest an evening of male adult entertainment or what is referred to in a very euphemistic way as a visit to the &lt;em&gt;&quot;gentlemen's​ club&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few activities are as prone to exotic idioms and local customs as this, yet knowing what to ask for or suggest in a meaningful way could be very useful for everyone involved. Without going into the dirty specifics of local lore, we all know what we're looking for, nothing illegal or soliciting, just plain male adult fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the US for example, one does not go to the &quot;gentleman's club&quot; unless you're writing a police report. You go with your pals to the &lt;em&gt;&quot;tittie bar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (California) or &lt;em&gt;&quot;nudie bar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (well understood all over the US). The gentleman's club is something altogether different in the UK, and surely not what you'd expect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, how do you refer to those establishments in different Spanish speaking regions?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos jóvenes profesionales deben viajar mucho, y con frecuencia -ya sea ellos o sus anfitriones- se verán en la situación de pedir o sugerir una tarde de entretenimiento adulto para caballeros, lo que eufemísiticamente se llama &quot;visitar un &lt;em&gt;club para caballeros&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pocas actividades  son tan susceptibles de conocerse por regionalismos o modismos exóticos como ésta, y el saber que pedir o como sugerirlo, sería utilísimo para todos los involucrados, sin tener que abundar en los sucios  detalles de la usanza local, todos sabemos a lo que nos referimos, nada ilegal o &lt;em&gt;procuración de blancas&lt;/em&gt;, simple y llanamente entretenimiento para adultos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los Estados Unidos uno no va al &lt;em&gt;club para caballeros&lt;/em&gt;, a menos que lo estés relatando en un informe policial. Uno va con sus &lt;em&gt;compas&lt;/em&gt; al &lt;em&gt;tittie bar&lt;/em&gt; (California) o al &lt;em&gt;nudie bar&lt;/em&gt; (en todos los EEUU se entiende) . Sin embargo el &lt;em&gt;club para caballeros&lt;/em&gt; es algo totalmente distinto y seguro no lo que esperabas en el Reino Unido. Entonces la pregunta es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se le llama a este tipo de establecimientos en distintas regiones hispanoparlantes?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T12:27:19.397" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T09:48:48.943" Title="Referring to adult entertainment for gentlemen in different regions / Cómo referirse al entretenimiento para caballeros adultos en distintas regiones?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20464" CreationDate="2017-04-10T16:13:41.190" Score="4" ViewCount="7059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que las frases son diferentes. ¿Nunca son intercambiables o a veces sí es posible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google, puedo ver que mayormente &quot;a todo costo&quot; aparece en contratos pero también hay resultados así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“Han querido silenciarme a todo costo” - La Nación &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Chavismo acordó&#xA;en secreto impedir el revocatorio a todo costo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso me ha confundido. ¿Alguien me puede explicar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T04:49:28.673" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T08:41:58.213" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;a toda costa&quot; y &quot;a todo costo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20455" CreationDate="2017-04-10T16:15:50.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se usa un modismos muy similar, no exclusivamente al insultar a alguien​ sino más bien para denotar que en un debate -verbal o escrito- uno de los participantes ha apabullado a otro con la solidez de sus argumentos, casi al punto de &lt;em&gt;dejarlo en ridículo&lt;/em&gt; el modismos es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;darle/ponerle  una revolcada/un revolcón a tu oponente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;darle una arrastrada/ponerle una arrastrada &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es casi equivalente a la &quot;vuelta y media&quot; con la connotación adicional de haberlo humillado y ensuciado en el proceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aplica en cualquier competencia, por ejemplo deportiva, cuando uno de los contrincantes es muy superior al otro, donde también se usa el universal &quot;vuelta y media&quot;, por ejemplo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La selección alemana le &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dio una arrastrada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a la selección de Brasil, anotandole 5 goles a cero en los cuartos de final de la copa del mundo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que es una alegoría a un enfrentamiento físico a golpes donde de un bien propinado gancho a la mandíbula hace girar al oponente, (y en el caso de la &lt;em&gt;revolcada o arrastrada&lt;/em&gt; algo similar a la celebración de Aquiles al vencer a Héctor de Troya en el clímax de &lt;em&gt;la iliada&lt;/em&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo sea la vuelta y media tiene connotación de ser un enfrentamiento mas parejo, donde la sorpresa tiene más que ver con el giratorio desenlace =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T16:15:50.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20462" CreationDate="2017-04-10T16:28:31.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a toda costa&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a lograr algo sin importar los esfuerzos que se deban invertir en ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a todo costo&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere más bien a costos económicos, por ejemplo, una cláusulas en un contrato bien podría decir  &lt;em&gt;a todo costo incurrido, se le aplicará una tasa no menor al 5% contra comisiones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable, sin embargo, que  en algunas regiones &lt;em&gt;todo costo&lt;/em&gt; no tenga la connotación económica (como parece ser el caso en Venezuela ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podría ser el caso de que se tratase de un astuto juego de palabras, donde el editor de los encabezados quiere subrayar que quienes trataban de detener el referendos, arriesgaban solamente su dinero, sin consecuencias más allá de las económicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T16:28:31.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20462" CreationDate="2017-04-10T19:17:34.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La única frase que aparece como tal en el diccionario de la RAE es &amp;quot;a toda costa&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B6A1o8v&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a toda costa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Sin limitación en el gasto o en el trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina nunca he oído &amp;quot;a todo costo&amp;quot; sino &amp;quot;a cualquier costo&amp;quot;, que suele conllevar un aspecto económico no siempre presente en &amp;quot;a toda costa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google ngram arroja esta comparación en la frecuencia de uso entre &amp;quot;a todo costo&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;a cualquier costo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aTHsO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aTHsO.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ngram&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T08:41:58.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20467" CreationDate="2017-04-10T23:41:37.070" Score="4" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Online translators aren't identifying time as a verb for some reason and I want to know how to say for example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You have to run the race again. I forgot to &lt;strong&gt;time&lt;/strong&gt; it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;code&gt;medir&lt;/code&gt; the appropriate verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T02:33:21.520" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T02:33:21.520" Title="How would you say &quot;to time a race&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20466" CreationDate="2017-04-11T00:21:12.120" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed &lt;em&gt;medir&lt;/em&gt; is the common verb: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que repetir la carrera, se me olvidó medir&lt;sub&gt;(te)&lt;/sub&gt; el tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tiempo&lt;/em&gt; is often needed because &lt;em&gt;medir&lt;/em&gt; by itself just means &lt;em&gt;to measure&lt;/em&gt; and could equally apply to the length of the race.  It is common to see with an indirect object in the sense of &quot;to time [someone]&quot;.  As mentioned in the comments, in some countries such as Argentina and Chile, &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;sub&gt;(le)&lt;/sub&gt; tiempo&lt;/em&gt; may be used instead of &lt;em&gt;medir&lt;sub&gt;(le)&lt;/sub&gt; el tiempo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que repetir la carrera, se me olvidó tomarte&lt;sub&gt;(te)&lt;/sub&gt; el tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, because both expressions can mean something else in different contexts (the former, meaning &lt;em&gt;to take time [to do something]&lt;/em&gt;, the latter, &lt;em&gt;to measure the weather&lt;/em&gt;), I can't really gauge exact proportions of usage or get a feel for any deeper geographic variance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have a more technical option which won't be used as much in speech, but exists nonetheless:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BMBrgB4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cronometrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. 1. &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Medir con el cronómetro el tiempo de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's similar to English &lt;em&gt;to clock&lt;/em&gt; someone (in the time, not speed, sense), and is formed on a similar base, &lt;em&gt;cronómetro&lt;/em&gt; (which is more commonly used than &lt;em&gt;chronometer&lt;/em&gt; in English and refers to most any clock that measures precise time as opposed to displaying the current time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T00:25:37.113" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T00:25:37.113" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20472" CreationDate="2017-04-11T05:50:10.763" Score="4" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, athletes who participate in competitions (especially important ones) discuss their effort as &quot;leaving it all on the field&quot;. This gives the sense that there was (or will be) nothing held back or reserved for later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, this could be translated as &quot;poner el máximo esfuerzo&quot;, &quot;darlo todo&quot;, or something similar, but I would like to know if there is some Spanish phrase that retains the idea of the event itself. For example, would (and I'm just making this up) &quot;dejar el alma en la cancha/el campo&quot; or &quot;no quedar nada para después del juego&quot; convey the idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16462" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T06:59:40.427" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:35:33.413" Title="Is there a Spanish equivalent to the English phrase &quot;leave it all on the field&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-11T07:15:32.517" Score="6" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una duda muy tonta que nos surgió anoche en casa: existen botones que se pulsan una vez y ya está, como los botones del ascensor, que vuelven a su estado inicial tras una pulsación; y existen botones interruptores que al pulsarlos se quedan pulsados (como metidos hacia adentro, por ejemplo) y hay que volverlos a pulsar una vez más para que vuelvan a su estado original (como los botones analógicos de encendido y apagado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi mujer estaba intentando explicarle a su sobrina que la secadora tenía botones de esos, y que cuando acaba su ciclo de secado hay que apagarla &quot;despulsando&quot; el botón. Y claro, ya nos quedamos todos pensando en si eso estaba bien dicho o no. Fui al diccionario y me encontré con que la palabra existe, pero no con el significado que esperábamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DQMpXJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despulsar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pulso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dejar sin pulso ni fuerzas por algún accidente repentino. U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. desvivirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. desus. Agitarse demasiado por una pasión de ánimo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo confiaba en que la palabra podría ser un neologismo aceptable dada la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;des-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pref. Denota negación o inversión del significado de la palabra simple a la que va antepuesto. &lt;em&gt;Desconfiar, deshacer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, se podría pensar que &quot;despulsar&quot; sería &quot;revertir la pulsación realizada&quot;. La pregunta es, pues, ¿existe en español algún término que defina esta acción de &quot;despulsar&quot; un botón? Si no, ¿existe en la literatura o en el habla coloquial algún neologismo aún no recogido por la RAE que defina esta acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No añado etiquetas regionales, se aceptarán respuestas de cualquier región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T14:19:34.690" LastActivityDate="2019-10-16T06:00:25.583" Title="Palabra para cuando se &quot;despulsa&quot; un botón interruptor" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20469" CreationDate="2017-04-11T08:17:54.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;em&gt;darlo todo&lt;/em&gt; is a good option, as it carries the meaning of &quot;leave it all&quot;. If you want, you can add &lt;em&gt;en el campo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en la cancha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en el terreno de juego&lt;/em&gt;, or whatever expression the same way as you say &quot;on the field&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=110417%5C010%5CC000O11042017100905462.1220.1216&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20darlo%20todo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCREA%20%7B%7CI%7D%20,%20en%20%7BI%7DCOSTA%20RICA,%20CUBA,%20EE.%20UU.,%20M%C9XICO,%20PUERTO%20RICO,%20REP.%20DOMINICANA%20%7B%7CI%7D%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;one example&lt;/a&gt; in the CREA reference corpus of the expression used in a newspaper from Mexico (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Todo puede pasar. Hoy tuve una carrera perfecta y estoy agradecida con Dios por la oportunidad de correr una final olímpica. Ahora hay que salir &lt;strong&gt;a darlo todo&lt;/strong&gt;, a morirme en la raya para completar una misión&quot;, dice luego de tomar una pausa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PRENSA, &quot;Excélsior, 25/09/2000 : Ana hizo realidad su sueño, estará en la final&quot;, 2000 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the expression is used by itself. In the next expression she adds &lt;em&gt;en la raya&lt;/em&gt;, meaning the finish line, implying that she will die while crossing that line if needed to win the competition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T08:17:54.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20469" CreationDate="2017-04-11T10:29:36.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As much as &lt;em&gt;darlo todo&lt;/em&gt;, I also hear often &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dejar(se) la piel (en el campo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sx8TogY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dejar alguien la piel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. dar la piel.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. verb. coloq. Esforzarse al máximo en algo. U. m. con el verbo c. prnl. &lt;em&gt;Se deja la piel en su trabajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally, it translates as &lt;em&gt;to leave the skin (somewhere)&lt;/em&gt;, and it &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/dejarse-la-piel.2414957/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;probably comes from&lt;/a&gt; the image of slaves working while being lashed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is quite common to read things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Barça cayó derrotado pese a dejarse la piel en el campo hasta el último momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(todos sabemos que eso es falso, porque el Barça gana siempre)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say this from my Spanish from Spain perspective and I am not quite sure of how common this meaning is in Central and North America. Some Googling showed some results in that region, but I would appreciate some confirmation from people from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:35:33.413" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:35:33.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20460" CreationDate="2017-04-11T12:22:13.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me voy a animar a dar una respuesta local para España, tomando como punto de partida que hablamos de locales donde no se comercia con sexo. La verdad es que es curioso porque preguntando por aquí la gente no conoce un nombre coloquial concreto para este tipo de locales. Aquí lo que se ha estilado de siempre ha sido directamente el &lt;em&gt;puticlub&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UjlzCLI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puticlub&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;puta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;club&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Bar de alterne donde se favorece o se ejerce la prostitución.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, desde hace algunas décadas empezaron a aparecer locales más &quot;suaves&quot; (por decirlo de alguna forma), en los que poder ver espectáculos para adultos sin tener que llegar a serle infiel a tu pareja. Los locales de este tipo son los que la gente no sabe denominar, aunque un término que ha aparecido conversando con mis colegas ha sido &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;American show&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por aquello de que este tipo de espectáculos se ha importado de Estados Unidos, o se han hecho famosos por las series y películas de allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco más, en el diccionario también aparece:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H0445GL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estriptis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;estriptís&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;striptease&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Espectáculo en el que una persona se va desnudando poco a poco, y de una manera insinuante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Local donde se realizan estriptis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en la segunda acepción se indica que se denominan así los locales donde se realiza esta práctica. Ya como término más genérico se me ocurre también &lt;strong&gt;sala&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;local de alterne&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=26sBAOM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alternar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona, especialmente de una mujer: En ciertas salas de fiestas, bares y lugares semejantes, tratar con los clientes&#xA;  para estimularles a hacer gasto en su compañía, del cual obtiene&#xA;  generalmente porcentaje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T12:22:13.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20475" CreationDate="2017-04-11T12:27:39.960" Score="5" ViewCount="703" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando la Internet, solo encuentro referencias al texto original, &lt;em&gt;El Cuaderno de Maya&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Son éstos coloquialismos? El contexto es una lista de brindis, ofrecido por costumbre por la oradora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Que en salud se le convierta.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Con las mismas finezas pago.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contexto completo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los hombres colocaron el refrigerador en el sitio correspondiente, lo&#xA;conectaron al gas y luego se instalaron a compartir un par de botellas&#xA;de vino y un salmón que Manuel había ahumado la semana anterior en un&#xA;tambor metálico con leña de manzano.&#xA;Mirando el mar por la ventana, bebieron y comieron mudos, las únicas&#xA;palabras que pronunciaron fueron una serie de elaborados y&#xA;ceremoniosos brindis: «¡Salud!». &lt;strong&gt;«Que en salud se le convierta.» «Con&#xA;las mismas finezas pago.»&lt;/strong&gt; «Que viva usted muchos años.» «Que asista&#xA;usted a mi sepelio.» Manuel me lanzaba miradas de reojo, incómodo,&#xA;hasta que lo llamé aparte para decirle que se tranquilizara, que no&#xA;pensaba abalanzarme sobre las botellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T13:09:21.843" Title="What do these toasts mean? «Que en salud se le convierta.», «Con las mismas finezas pago.»" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20474" CreationDate="2017-04-11T12:55:16.373" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienen pinta de ser expresiones para brindar (o para decir antes de comer, al estilo de &quot;qué aproveche&quot;) propias de determinados países de Hispanoamérica. Aquí en España nunca las había escuchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera al parecer no es nueva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fray Gómez metió la mano derecha dentro de la manga izquierda, y sacó un par de pejerreyes tan fresquitos que parecían acabados de salir del mar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Aquí los tiene su paternidad, y que en salud se le conviertan. Voy a guisarlos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ricardo Palma, &quot;Tradiciones peruanas, séptima serie&quot;, 1889 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se percibe que el que expresa el deseo espera que lo que su interlocutor va a degustar se transforme en salud para él/ella (es decir, que no le siente mal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda expresión es interesante, no encuentro más coincidencias que la del libro (puede que sea un brindis inventado expresamente para el personaje). Si la analizamos, tenemos por un lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HxvBc65&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fineza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pureza y bondad de algo en su línea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción o dicho con que alguien da a entender el amor y benevolencia que tiene a otra persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Actividad y empeño amistoso a favor de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Dádiva pequeña y de cariño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Delicadeza y primor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro lado tenemos que en algunos países de Sudamérica (el diccionario menciona el oeste de Bolivia, que linda con Perú y Chile, país este origen de la novela) el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pagar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pagar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se usa como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corresponder alguien bebiendo la misma cantidad de una bebida alcohólica que otra persona ha bebido anteriormente en su honor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que el brindis queda algo así como &quot;tú has tenido la delicadeza de beber un trago por mí, así que yo te ofrezco la misma delicadeza y bebo por ti&quot;. Ninguna de las dos suena coloquial, es más, parecen bastante formales y de buen gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T12:55:16.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20474" CreationDate="2017-04-11T12:55:55.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Coloquialismo&amp;quot; en el sentido de informal, no (por lo menos, &lt;em&gt;no necesariamente&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una forma coloquial/infirmal de hacer un brindis es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arriba [el vaso], abajo, al centro y pa'dentro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera fórmula que indicas no me parece informal. Es bastante frecuente desear a otros, especialmetne en ocasiones especiales (durante las que realizarías algún tipo de brindis) &lt;code&gt;Salud, dinero y amor&lt;/code&gt;. Para ambos ejemplos faltaría un poco más de contexto, pero básicamente el primero está deseando salud:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que [lo que sea] se convierta en salud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que este trago/esta copa de vino se convierta en salud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brindamos por [la razón que sea] que en salud se le convierta a &lt;em&gt;user135711&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda me parece una fórmula para dar las gracias, en el sentido de &amp;quot;tú me has ayudado a mí y ahora quiero devolverte el favor&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HxvBc65&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Finezas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Acción o dicho con que alguien da a entender el amor y benevolencia que tiene a otra persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actividad y empeño amistoso a favor de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que la segunda frase significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;strong&gt;el mismo gesto de  amor&lt;/strong&gt; pago (de vuelta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fulano: Brindemos Mengano, que este trago de vino en salud se convierta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mengano: Gracias Fulano, con las mismas finezas pago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Mengano&lt;/em&gt; usa una fórmula tipo &amp;quot;gracias a usted también&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;lo mismo digo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;lo mismo para usted&amp;quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T13:09:21.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20470" CreationDate="2017-04-11T13:17:14.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desapretar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CSf8WCF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desapretar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Aflojar lo que está apretado. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Sacar a alguien del aprieto en que se halla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o tambien, simplemente, soltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YJIP8Pu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;soltar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desatar o desceñir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dejar ir o dar libertad a quien estaba detenido o preso. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desasir lo que estaba sujeto. Soltar la espada, la cuerda. U. t. c. prnl. Soltarse los puntos de una media.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Dar salida a lo que estaba detenido o confinado.&lt;/strong&gt; Soltar el agua. U. t. c. prnl. Soltarse la sangre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer al vientre evacuar con frecuencia. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Romper en una señal de afecto interior, como la risa, el llanto, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Explicar, descifrar, dar solución. Soltar la dificultad, el argumento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desprender (‖ echar de sí). Este jersey suelta pelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Decir con violencia o franqueza algo que se sentía contenido o que debía callarse. Soltar un juramento, una desvergüenza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Perdonar o remitir a alguien el todo o parte de lo que debe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Relevar a alguien de cumplir algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Anular, quitar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Adquirir agilidad o desenvoltura en la ejecución o negociación de las cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Empezar a hacer algo. Soltarse a hablar, andar, escribir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;USO:&#xA;Definitivamente se usa mas frecuentemente la palabra &quot;soltar&quot; en literatura en este contexto. Por ejemplo, hablando del botón del ratón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El relevo o apertura del circuito, ocurrido al liberar o &lt;strong&gt;soltar&lt;/strong&gt; el&#xA;  pulsador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clic_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clic_(inform%C3%A1tica)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15407" LastEditorUserId="15407" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T13:41:04.970" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T13:41:04.970" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20469" CreationDate="2017-04-11T13:52:47.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the most exact translation could be &amp;quot;Dejarse la piel&amp;quot; or even &amp;quot;Dejarse el pellejo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Reverso dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.reverso.net/espanol-definiciones/dejarse%20la%20piel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dejarse la piel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: hacer un esfuerzo agotador en la realización de una tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.reverso.net/espanol-definiciones/dejarse%20el%20pellejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dejarse el pellejo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: acabar exhausto luego de esforzarse mucho en un trabajo o tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16457" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:47:27.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2017-04-11T18:04:31.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cuate&lt;/code&gt; indeed comes from Nahuatl and was used in that language to mean &quot;twin&quot; or &quot;snake.&quot;  However, since a word already existed for &quot;twin&quot; in Spanish the word &quot;cuate&quot; is now used to refer to a close friend and is similar to the use of the word &quot;bro&quot; or &quot;brother&quot; in English for describing a close friend rather than a person related to one by blood as a brother.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a Spanish Instructor as well as having a minor in linguistics.  &lt;code&gt;Cuate&lt;/code&gt; and many other words - &lt;code&gt;guajolote&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;chocolate&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tomate&lt;/code&gt;, were incorporated into the Spanish language from Nahuatl, which is no surprise considering the contact between the Spanish and the Aztecs in the area which today comprises the modern country of Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16463" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T18:41:10.210" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T18:41:10.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20469" CreationDate="2017-04-11T20:16:30.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México usamos el pintoresco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7bnjWlr%7C7bpKzqY#7giALBz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;echar toda la carne al asador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Arriesgarlo todo de una vez, o llevar al extremo el empeño y esfuerzo en la ejecución de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, invertir todos los recursos, sin reservas, a un proceso irreversible; esperando el resultado más favorable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T06:51:43.087" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:51:43.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20470" CreationDate="2017-04-11T20:39:16.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ingeniería y áreas técnicas, es más útil determinar el cambio de estado, consecuencia de accionar cualquier control, sean botones, palancas, interruptores, o sensores digitales de diversa índole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que en la mayoría de los casos los botones se usan para accionar un interruptor de algún circuito sea de potencia o de control; entonces decimos que el botón (y por ende está el circuito) está &lt;strong&gt;&quot;abierto&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;cerrado&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los estudios de tiempos y movimientos para optimización cibernética, accionar un botón es una actividad compuesta de tres &lt;strong&gt;triblits&lt;/strong&gt; o acciones atómicas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presionar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sostener&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soltar/liberar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Últimamente está en boga asociar distintos cambios de estado o &quot;consecuencias&quot; a cada uno de los triblits, por ejemplo, pulsar el botón de tu iPhone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al presionar&lt;/strong&gt; activa un cronómetro para detectar el umbral de detección de &quot;sostener&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al sostener&lt;/strong&gt; ordena activar a Siri. Si el cronómetro activado al presionar supera un umbral de tiempo entonces  opcional, ordena invertir el estado de potencia del dispositivo (prendido/apagado)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al soltar&lt;/strong&gt; dispara todas las aplicaciones registradas como observadores del evento &quot;pulsar botón del iPhone&quot; para que puedan realizar sus tareas, por ejemplo enviar datos de tu localización a Facebook y cmlambiar tu presencia en chats, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T06:53:27.110" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:53:27.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20486" CreationDate="2017-04-11T23:25:42.443" Score="3" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's in this phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Walinemos&lt;/strong&gt; in honor a nuestros abuelitos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a phrase from an &quot;Ícaro&quot; (traditional medicines songs). The complete lyrics is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LOS VERDADEROS CURANDEROS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las verdaderas curanderas yo me supongo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  hayan sido esas abuelas que trajeron medicina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego escogieron las plantitas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mama Wilca, Ayahuasca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Wachumita, Chacrunita / Nakaikuna, Jicurito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toe, Coca y Sairi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por qué, por qué muy alegres&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por qué, por qué no muy tristes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Walinemos&lt;/strong&gt; en honor a nuestros abuelitas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los verdaderos curanderos yo me supongo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hayan sido esos abuelos que trajeron ceremonia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego escogieron las plantitas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mama Wilca, Ayahuasca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Wachumita, Chacrunita / Nakaikuna, Jicurito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toe, Coca y Sairi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por qué, por qué muy alegres&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por qué, por qué no muy tristes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Walinemos en honor a nuestras abuelitos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdadera curandera yo estoy seguro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  haya sido Pachamama que nos dio sus medicinas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego nos brindó sus plantitas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mama Wilca, Ayahuasca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Wachumita, Chacrunita / Nakaikuna, Jicurito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Toe, Coca y Sairi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por qué, por qué muy alegres&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por qué, por qué no muy tristes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Walinemos en honor a nuestra Pachamama&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Video of the song: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlN-kfxVLxU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlN-kfxVLxU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on this the answer that &quot;walinemos&quot; is a form for &quot;bailemos&quot; seem to make sense. Can someone confirm and/or explain where this form originated ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T06:49:46.227" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:49:46.227" Title="What's the meaning of the word &quot;walinemos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20485" CreationDate="2017-04-12T03:25:58.477" Score="3" ViewCount="43945" Body="&lt;p&gt;Varias veces me pasa que tengo que referirme a dos &quot;cosas&quot; distintas pero que tienen algo en común, y no sé como referirme a estas. No quiero usar la palabra &quot;cosas&quot;, justamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que estoy hablando de la electrónica y la carpintería. Una es una ciencia y la otra es una artesanía. ¿Qué palabra podría usar para referirme a las dos juntas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría decir que son dos &quot;actividades&quot; tal vez y decir &quot;estas actividades... bla bla&quot;? En este caso puede funcionar, ¿pero qué tal si tuviera que hablar de dos &quot;cosas&quot; mucho más diferentes? Por ejemplo, por la razón que fuera, tendría que hablar a la vez de un caramelo y de una doctrina (es un caso sin sentido pero no se me ocurre un caso más concreto para ilustrar el ejemplo ahora). ¿Qué tienen en común? ¿Qué palabra podría usar para referirme a estas dos &quot;cosas&quot; a la vez? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una palabra que se me ocurre, pero que no estoy seguro, es &quot;entidad&quot; o &quot;ente&quot;, que se describe como &quot;cosa o ser que tiene existencia real o imaginaria&quot;. Entonces en mi ejemplo tanto un caramelo como una doctrina serian &quot;cosas que tienen una existencia real o imaginaria&quot;. ¿Podría ser? ¿Qué palabra puede usarse para referirse a dos &quot;cosas&quot; diferentes pero que necesitas referirte a ellas con una sola palabra por algo que tienen en común?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="13101" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T13:43:58.397" LastActivityDate="2020-01-02T15:51:02.457" Title="¿Qué palabra puede usarse para referirse a dos &quot;cosas&quot; que tienen algo en común?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20484" CreationDate="2017-04-12T03:47:33.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No vas a poder usar un término para &quot;cosas&quot; que pueden tener algo en común si admites que &quot;pueden no tener tanto (o nada) en común&quot;. Si tienen algo en común podrás usar esa &quot;raíz&quot; y si no lo tienen tendrás que usar un término más genérico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3yTydM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cosa&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es desde luego el término más genérico para designar un concepto, por el amplio rango de elementos que puede abarcar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &quot;cosa&quot; tiene &quot;tiene entidad, ya sea corporal o espiritual, natural o artificial, concreta, abstracta o virtual&quot;, pero &quot;concepto&quot;, &quot;entidad&quot;, &quot;elemento&quot; u &quot;objeto&quot; suenan menos coloquiales, aunque el rango de entes que pueden representar cada uno es más restringido (&quot;objeto&quot; desde luego se refiere a un ente físico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras formas más coloquiales incluso que &quot;cosa&quot; serían &quot;movida&quot; o &quot;historia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que puede ser que quieras usar el término para agrupar &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt; que pueden no tener tanto en común. Si fuesen &lt;em&gt;entes&lt;/em&gt; de la misma naturaleza, ya sera física o abstracta, puedes referirte a ellos por lo que son o lo que quieres recalcar de ellos. En tu ejemplo de electrónica y carpintería podrías incluso decir que son &lt;em&gt;hobbies&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aficiones&lt;/em&gt;, dependiendo de tu contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si son &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt; que no tienen ninguna relación (&quot;un caramelo y [...] una doctrina&quot;) evidentemente al no tener nada en común necesitas buscar un término más genérico que los agrupe a los dos, pero entonces (oh, paradoja) no tienen &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; en común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, si tienen algo en común, ya sea una cualidad intrínseca o percibida puedes usar eso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no tienen nada en común tendrás que usar términos genéricos que puedan abarcar lo máximo posible y aun así dependerás del contexto (cómo y por qué los estás comparando): Cosa, entidad, ente, concepto, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T03:47:33.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20482" CreationDate="2017-04-12T05:18:19.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diego's answer isn't too far off.  The word does indeed mean &lt;em&gt;dance&lt;/em&gt;, more or less, but it doesn't come from &lt;em&gt;bailar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specific line comes from a song, &lt;em&gt;Las verdaderas curanderas&lt;/em&gt; (which I believe is written by Kike Pinto but that may be bad information from the internet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por qué, por qué muy alegres,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por qué, por qué no muy tristes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Walinemos/&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;Hualinemos&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en honor a &lt;sup&gt;nuestros abuelitos&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;nuestra Pachamama&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;hu-&lt;/em&gt; traditionally used to transcribe Quechua words is now generally spelt &lt;em&gt;w-&lt;/em&gt; in modern orthography.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe/bitstream/cybertesis/593/1/Rengifo_ce.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Licentiate thesis&lt;/a&gt; by Elías Rengifo de la Cruz, the word &lt;em&gt;hualina&lt;/em&gt; refers to songs and the dances that accompany them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la hualina es canto y danza cuya referencia principal es el agua y todo acontecer emocional o social que tenga que ver con ella. (p. 66)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The author cites Rosario Olivas Weston's book  &lt;em&gt;Marcahuasi, mito y realidad. Un manual de información para visitar el pueblo de San Pedro de Casta y la meseta de Marcahuasi&lt;/em&gt; which makes specific reference to the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hualinar es la acción de bailar las hualinas, dando vueltas alrededor de las Mayoralas, Cantor y Abanderado, en una u otra dirección, simbolizando los remolinos que se forman en las acequias. (p. 62 originally, p. 65 in the thesis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the particular line could be translated as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;May we&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;Let us&lt;/sub&gt; sing and dance in honor of our grandmothers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while recognizing that the song and dance is a special one with particular relation to the &lt;em&gt;yaku raymi&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;water festival/fiesta del agua&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T05:18:19.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20484" CreationDate="2017-04-12T06:45:38.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy muy seguro de que sea esto lo que buscas, pero tal vez podrías usar el adjetivo &quot;análogo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2VyUum7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;análogo, ga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene analogía con algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a su vez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2Vt6TRt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;analogía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Relación de semejanza entre cosas distintas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego dos (objetos/temas/asuntos/cosas) análogos lo son porque tienen una relación de semejanza, algo en común. La verdad es que suena raro pero si nos ceñimos a esta definición, podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...como lo son la electrónica y la carpintería. Estos dos análogos basan su semejanza en el hecho de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos orientar el asunto de otra manera: si has conseguido establecer una semejanza (sea cual fuere) entre dos objetos cualesquiera, formarán parte de una enumeración de objetos que comparten algo. Cada uno de los componentes de dicha enumeración será un &quot;elemento&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EWqThMH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elemento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Mat.&lt;/em&gt; Cada uno de los componentes de un conjunto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y repasando el ejemplo más extremo, podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplos que comparten esta característica son los caramelos y las doctrinas. Cada uno de estos elementos tiene la peculiaridad de que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:45:38.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20491" CreationDate="2017-04-12T11:17:25.830" Score="5" ViewCount="1663" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's continue with the Translation Golf game, this time with a quote from the famous &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I Have a Dream&lt;/a&gt; by Martin Luther King. Specifically, its introduction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a pompous introduction to an ingenious speech, which I would translate as follows (&lt;strong&gt;121 characters&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Estoy contento de unirme hoy a vosotros en lo que pasará a la historia como la mayor manifestación por la libertad en la historia de nuestra nación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's try to make translations that do not summarise, but effectively translate. So don't just propose &lt;em&gt;¡qué bien que estamos aquí arrejuntados!&lt;/em&gt;, but a text including all that was said by the reverend. This way, we will focus on the pursuit of words and expressions to tweak the counter and let all of us learn more about the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Follow the rules&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and explain your answers so we can validate them. You have 7 days to answer. Let's get the game started!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final ranking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20491/1674&quot;&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt; 70 characters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20494/1674&quot;&gt;rsanchez&lt;/a&gt; 81&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20490/1674&quot;&gt;Diego&lt;/a&gt; 92&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20489/1674&quot;&gt;guifa&lt;/a&gt; 95&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20495/1674&quot;&gt;aparente001&lt;/a&gt; 153&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;I cannot help asking: isn't anybody going to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YglJQru&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;suma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;3. f. Lo más sustancial e importante de algo.&lt;/em&gt;) to translate &quot;the greatest&quot;?&lt;/s&gt; Status completed :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:06:54.687" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:06:54.687" Title="How to translate-golf the introduction of &quot;I Have a Dream&quot; by Martin Luther King?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T12:00:43.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20488" CreationDate="2017-04-12T11:37:48.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;95 letras&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pláceme unirosme hoy para lo que la historia marcará como la mayor muestra pro libertad na historia del país de nós.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T12:00:39.573" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:00:39.573" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T12:00:43.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20488" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:37:22.517" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;92 letras&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me alegra uniros hoy en lo que la historia de nuestro país recordará como la mayor demostración por la libertad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;111 caracteres contando espacios; 92 sin ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para esta traducción he considerado redundante el uso de &amp;quot;historia&amp;quot; que puede no serlo. La Historia y &amp;quot;la historia de nuestro país&amp;quot; pueden ser consideradas dos cosas distintas o un simple tecnicismo en la interpretación. La comunidad y el OP dirán si sí o si no...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He cambiado un poco mi versión inicial, ya que creo que no mantenía realmente el significado de &amp;quot;I'm Happy&amp;quot; simplemetne con &amp;quot;Feliz&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:47:54.290" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T12:37:22.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20488" CreationDate="2017-04-12T13:29:26.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strike&gt;84 73&lt;/strike&gt; 70 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy feliz por nuestra reunión hoy, que los anales tendrán por suma señal pro libertad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las personas se unen (&quot;join&quot;) en reuniones (&quot;conjunto de personas reunidas&quot;), luego uso &quot;nuestra reunión&quot; en vez de &quot;unirme a vosotros&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo que la propia reunión (y lo que salga de ella) es lo que pasará a formar parte de la historia como la mayor manifestación de libertad, de ahí introducir la segunda parte con &quot;que&quot; y no con &quot;en lo que&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coincido en que la palabra &quot;historia&quot; aparece dos veces, y por tanto una es redundante. Es posible que la primera se refiera a la historia en general, y la segunda a la historia específica del país. Se entiende que si algo entra en la historia de un país, entra en la historia también en general. Se usa además &quot;nuestra historia&quot; como &quot;la historia de nuestro país&quot; (es difícil entender esa expresión como otro tipo de historia de menor categoría).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el diccionario, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZT8sFSB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tener&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significa &quot;juzgar, reputar, considerar&quot; (acepción 9), y pone como ejemplo &quot;tener a alguien por rico&quot;. Luego &quot;la historia tendrá por la mayor&quot; equivale a &quot;la historia considerará la mayor&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo &quot;manifestación&quot; como la acción de &quot;manifestar algo&quot; (no de &quot;manifestarse&quot;), en el sentido de &quot;declarar, dar a conocer&quot;, por lo que entiendo que una &quot;manifestación de libertad&quot; y una &quot;expresión de libertad&quot; son sinónimos. Además, el Merriam-Webster define &quot;demonstration&quot; como &quot;an outward &lt;em&gt;expression&lt;/em&gt; or display&quot;, luego más a mi favor para usar &quot;expresión&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mejoras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;estoy&quot; por &quot;soy&quot;. Es un recurso literario: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=130417%5C023%5CC000O13042017234809993.1180.1176&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20Soy%20feliz%20de%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCREA%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soy feliz de oírtelo decir.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;expresión&quot; por &quot;señal&quot;, que según el diccionario es &quot;imagen o representación de algo&quot;. En este caso de la libertad deseada. Se considera &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sinonimos.com/sinonimo.php?palabra=manifestaci%F3n&amp;amp;x=0&amp;amp;y=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimo de &quot;manifestación&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en el sentido de &quot;exhibición, muestra&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;nuestra historia tendrá&quot; por &quot;los anales tendrán&quot;. &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2VOEwMd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anales&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (siempre en plural) es sinónimo de &quot;historia&quot; según el DLE. La expresión &quot;nuestros anales&quot; no se suele recoger. En todo caso, &quot;los anales&quot; se puede referir tanto a la historia del país como en general, por la misma razón esgrimida antes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por propuesta del OP, cambio &quot;la mayor&quot; por &quot;suma&quot;, con el significado de &quot;la más sustancial e importante&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativa considerando la historia general y la particular del país (y sin las mejoras):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;86 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy feliz por nuestra reunión hoy, que la historia tendrá por la mayor expresión pro libertad del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se entiende &quot;del país&quot; como &quot;la mayor que se haya hecho en el país&quot;, luego equivale a &quot;de la historia del país&quot; (al haber usado ya la palabra &quot;historia&quot; previamente, se entiende). Se entiende igualmente que está hablando del propio país, el país en el que está teniendo lugar la reunión, y no de otro, por lo que se omite &quot;nuestro&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T08:09:17.203" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T08:09:17.203" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T13:29:26.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2017-04-12T13:36:27.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add a very idiomatic expression (used and understood at least in Spain), I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me da [a mí] que&lt;/strong&gt; alguien conoce la respuesta a esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's just an abbreviation of &quot;me da la sensación de que...&quot;. The &quot;a mí&quot; part is optional, you can add it for emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; up in the dictionary, the meaning I am referring to is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;30&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Presagiar, anunciar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T13:36:27.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19409" CreationDate="2017-04-12T14:33:26.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aventuro la siguiente relación a falta de otra con más fundamento. Me consta que es bastante forzada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De partida debo decir que en Chile no conocemos la expresión &lt;em&gt;pelusa&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;envidia&quot;. Aparte de las pelusas que se juntan en mis bolsillos, nosotros tenemos a los niños callejeros que mencionas. Por extensión le decimos &quot;pelusa&quot; o &quot;pelusón&quot; a cualquier niño que hace diabluras o que es molestoso. (No sé si al prócer argentino Diego Maradona le dicen &quot;El Pelusa&quot; por esta razón o por otra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos significados, la &quot;envidia&quot; y el &quot;callejero&quot;, comparten un rasgo: estamos hablando de &quot;niños&quot;. Se dice que el pelusa chileno debe su nombre al corte de pelo (muy corto, para evitar los piojos en los albergues infantiles), pero la verdad no he escuchado que nadie le diga de esa forma a ese tipo de corte. (A los que muestran su pobreza en cortes de pelo mal hechos les decimos &lt;em&gt;pelientos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio sí usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;pelusa&lt;/em&gt; para referirnos a ese bozo tenue que anuncia nuestra pubertad, parecida a la pelusa que dan los pollos nuevos o los patitos, y que luego reemplazarán por las plumas del pato adulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pelusa del labio no es nada lindo. Significa que eres un &quot;cabro chico&quot; o un &quot;pendejito&quot;, en nada comparable con el bigote y la barba de los petulantes de la escuela, los vecinos o los primos, que se pavonean con las muchachas. De ahí que (tal vez) se haya usado la palabra &quot;pelusa&quot; de un modo afín al que usamos en Chile, para referirse a los varones prepúberes, con un tinte despectivo: &lt;em&gt;eres todavía un niño, das pelusa como los pollos, todavía tienes que crecer, te comportas como un bebé&lt;/em&gt;. Y el rencor obtenido deriva en envidia: ganas de ser considerado igual que los mayores, tener los mismos privilegios y causar la misma admiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T14:33:26.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20488" CreationDate="2017-04-12T15:10:38.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;81 letras&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegra unírmeles hoy en la marcha por la libertad que se recordará como la mayor de nuestro país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T15:10:38.490" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T15:10:38.490" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20488" CreationDate="2017-04-12T15:19:45.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;153&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da mucho gusto unirme con ustedes el día de hoy en lo que la historia juzgará, sin duda, la manifestación por la libertad más importante  que se haya visto en la historia de nuestra nación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment: I don't think this quote is appropriate for Translation Golf, because the game places importance on conciseness.  The rules state, &amp;quot;The translation with the least number of characters wins&amp;quot;; fortunately, so far at least, entries have not been judged solely on number of characters.  But in this case, the number of characters is particularly contradictory to the spirit of the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Martin Luther King, Jr., was a great orator.  We have to evaluate his oratory in his historical context.  His pompous style was intrinsic, essential to his effectiveness.  Pomposity does not go well with conciseness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just try reading the other entries in MLK oratory style.  Imagine yourself at the Lincoln Memorial, speaking to a quarter million people with a 1963 sound system.  You take your time!  You make music with your words!  You impress the crowd with your fancy expressions!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other considerations in translating this text: the translation should be universally understood by all Spanish speakers the world over.  (I have no idea if my entry achieves that, but that was one of my goals, and should be for all entries, in my opinion.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this fragment doesn't seem to me to be one of the more challenging portions of the speech (in terms of translation to Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great speech, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T16:44:12.493" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-12T15:19:45.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1581" CreationDate="2017-04-13T02:51:34.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo siento mucho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lamento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi más sentido pésame&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though, I'm sorry has different meanings depend on the context that you use, it can also be used to ask someone repeat something, to express condolences, to object, or to get someone's attention. And in different context, you would use different expressions to say &quot;I'm sorry&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16473" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-15T14:44:31.613" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T14:44:31.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-13T03:15:49.717" Score="1" ViewCount="518" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la frase &lt;code&gt;&quot;estábamos amigos&quot;&lt;/code&gt; pero no sé si es correcto decirlo así. A mí me suena más bien decir &lt;code&gt;&quot;estábamos de amigos&quot;&lt;/code&gt; ya que así es menos confusa la frase y se entiende mejor que a lo que se refiere la palabra &quot;estábamos&quot; es a el estatus o condición de ser amigos. ¿Alguna otra forma correcta que se le ocurra a alguien? Les agradezco de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16474" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:20:58.193" Title="¿Es correcto usar el pretérito imperfecto (o copretérito) del indicativo con un nombre?" Tags="&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20501" CreationDate="2017-04-13T04:01:25.757" Score="7" ViewCount="1672" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Closed&amp;quot; en inglés significa &amp;quot;cerrada&amp;quot; mientras que &amp;quot;locked&amp;quot; significa &amp;quot;cerrada con llave (o similar mecanismo de seguridad)&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo un buen rato pensando y no encuentro un verbo en español que venga a significar lo mismo. Lo único que se me ocurre es &lt;code&gt;asegurar&lt;/code&gt;. No sé si esto es debido a esa gran facilidad que hay en inglés de transformar verbos en nombres y viceversa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lock&lt;/strong&gt; (as verb)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to fasten or secure (a door, window, building, etc.) by the operation of a &lt;strong&gt;lock&lt;/strong&gt; or locks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y como nombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any device or part for stopping temporarily the motion of a mechanism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/lock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otras posibles acepciones&lt;/a&gt;. Por lo que &amp;quot;lock&amp;quot; viene a significar &amp;quot;candadear&amp;quot;, si yo pudiese hacer lo mismo en español con &amp;quot;candado&amp;quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué verbo hay en español que pueda usarse para mantener esas connotaciones de &amp;quot;lock&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;cerrada con llave&amp;quot; (o candado u otro mecanismo de seguridad)? Como a mí solo se me ocurre &amp;quot;asegurar&amp;quot;, &lt;code&gt;The door is locked&lt;/code&gt; debería ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puerta está &lt;strong&gt;asegurada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que podría valer, pero ni de lejos me parece óptimo. Además tiene doble significado (asegurada de incendios) por lo que hay cierta ambigüedad. &lt;code&gt;Atrancada&lt;/code&gt;, que es otra opción, puede sonar a que la puerta no funciona bien (no abre, pero no por un mecanismo de seguridad, sino por un fallo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún verbo (y prefiero que sea un único término, en lugar de usar &amp;quot;cerrada&amp;quot; y añadir con &lt;em&gt;pestillo, llave, candado y cadenita&lt;/em&gt;) en español que funcione como equivalente de &lt;code&gt;lock&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T03:59:38.273" Title="Traducir &quot;lock&quot; vs &quot;close&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2017-04-13T04:57:53.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El método de estafa es correcto, pero la historia está incompleta. Se llama así porque cuando los chilenos salieron del país en el 1973 por la dictadura militar, en varios países de Sudamérica, especialmente en Venezuela, los estafaban al comprar sus bienes por precio de huevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues los chilenos invirtieron la estafa. De esa manera el que se supone los estafaría, salía estafado, porque se supone que compraría joyas, bienes o divisa extranjero, a un precio de miseria aprovechandose de la necesidad de los migrantes, pero los migrantes les vendían basura sin valor, o dinero falso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso se llama paquete chileno, es una estafa al estafador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16475" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T06:21:24.430" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T06:21:24.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20499" CreationDate="2017-04-13T05:00:20.957" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos posibilidades principales, y luego algunos préstamos posibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que &lt;em&gt;atrancar&lt;/em&gt; tiene un doble significado de cerrar con tranca y obstruir, la forma no prefijada &lt;strong&gt;trancar&lt;/strong&gt; solo contempla la primera acepción (bueno, tiene una segunda acepción que nunca se confundiría):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aHHbYU6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trancar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Cerrar una puerta con una tranca o un cerrojo. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Dar trancos (‖ pasos largos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay otra opción, aunque limitada geográficamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=75R8vzP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;candar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr. Ast., Pal. y Sal.&lt;/em&gt; cerrar (‖ asegurar con cerradura u otro instrumento). ||&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;prnl. Ar. y Sal.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de un río, de un arroyo o de un depósito natural o artificial de agua: helarse (‖ solidificarse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No suelo escucharlo mucho en Asturias, de hecho, lo asocio fuertemente con el habla salmantina.  Y para que no penséis que cito &lt;em&gt;candar&lt;/em&gt; por ser asturfalante, antes de que hable del asturiano, echemos un vistazo a los otros idiomas ibéricos para ver cómo hacen diferencia.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diría que mirásemos primero al catalán para otras posibilidades, pero (corregidme si me equivoco) la única palabra en él es &lt;em&gt;tancar&lt;/em&gt;.  En portugués, no obstante, usan &lt;em&gt;trancar&lt;/em&gt; para cerrar con llave y &lt;em&gt;fechar&lt;/em&gt;  para cerrar genéricamente (&lt;em&gt;fecha a porta e &lt;strong&gt;tranca-a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).  En gallego, usan &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; en sentido genérico y &lt;sup&gt;fechar&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;pechar&lt;/sub&gt; para con llave (&lt;em&gt;Cerra a porta e &lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;féchaa&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;péchaa&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).  El asturiano emplea &lt;em&gt;zarrar&lt;/em&gt;, sentido genérico, y &lt;em&gt;pesllar&lt;/em&gt; cuando hay llaves (&lt;em&gt;zarra la puerta y &lt;strong&gt;piésllala&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de tantas opciones en el alrededor, en castellano, creo que lo mejor sería emplear &lt;em&gt;trancar&lt;/em&gt; que ya disfruta de gran uso en el portugués y no se limita (según el DLE) a zonas geográficas particulares como &lt;em&gt;candar&lt;/em&gt;; pero si no te gustan, pues tienes &lt;em&gt;pechar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pesllar&lt;/em&gt; como buenas alternativas ibéricas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T06:26:33.830" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T06:26:33.830" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20517" CreationDate="2017-04-13T08:35:55.980" Score="5" ViewCount="2072" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estamos en Semana Santa y estos días en España es común oír hablar de las &lt;em&gt;saetas&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es, &lt;em&gt;un canto religioso tradicional interpretado fundamentalmente en las procesiones de Semana Santa en España, especialmente en Andalucía y algunas zonas de Extremadura, Castilla La Mancha y Murcia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así nos lo define la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeta_(m%C3%BAsica)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; y, un poco antes, explica que la palabra viene de &lt;em&gt;sagita&lt;/em&gt;, flecha en latín. Efectivamente, el DRAE así lo indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WyM29TD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;saeta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sagitta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. flecha (‖ arma arrojadiza).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Aguja del reloj.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. En una brújula, flecha que se vuelve hacia el polo magnético.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Punta del sarmiento que queda en la cepa cuando se poda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;5. f. Palo flamenco consistente en una jaculatoria o copla que una persona dedica a las imágenes de las procesiones.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de nada, esto me hace ver que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagitario_(astrolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sagitario&lt;/a&gt; tiene el mismo origen y que por eso su símbolo es una flecha. También, que algo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wz2J8v5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sagital&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es el que tiene forma de flecha y que al futbolista Alfredo Di Stéfano &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/por-que-alfredo-di-stefano-era-conocido-como-la-saeta-rubia/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;se le llamaba &lt;em&gt;La Saeta Rubia&lt;/em&gt; por ser rápido como una flecha&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a la Semana Santa, me pregunto: ¿qué relación hay entre el canto religioso y las flechas para que use este nombre? ¿Tendrá sentido la siguiente cita (extraída del artículo de la Wikipedia también) del siglo XIX de Antonio Machado Álvarez para definirlas o es un mero juego de palabras para llegar donde quería llegar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cancioncillas que tienen por principal objeto traer a la memoria del pueblo, especialmente en los días del Jueves y Viernes Santos, algunos pasajes de la pasión y muerte de Jesucristo (...) coplas disparadas a modo de &lt;strong&gt;flechazos&lt;/strong&gt; contra el empedernido corazón de los fieles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T19:19:20.487" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;saeta&quot; como canto religioso?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;religión&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20498" CreationDate="2017-04-13T11:14:34.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción que da el DRAE de la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2LsqDPa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la presenta como un adjetivo que también puede utilizarse como sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene relación de amistad. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &quot;ser amigos&quot; (permanente) es más común que &quot;estar amigos&quot; (transitorio), la oración &quot;Estábamos amigos&quot; es correcta porque en este caso &quot;amigos&quot; está siendo utilizado como adjetivo. De hecho, podemos modificarlo con un adverbio: &lt;em&gt;Estábamos &lt;strong&gt;muy/poco/bastante/casi/medio&lt;/strong&gt; amigos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo haber oído nunca &quot;Estábamos &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; amigos&quot; (a diferencia del habitual &quot;Estábamos de novios&quot;), sino &quot;Estábamos &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; amigos&quot; (oración ambigua que puede significar: 1. Estábamos lo que podría decirse &quot;amigos&quot; / 2. Estábamos en calidad de amigos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T13:47:00.513" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T13:47:00.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20324" CreationDate="2017-04-13T11:30:22.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Going by similar questions you’ve asked regarding other languages, the string of letters you’re probably looking for is &lt;strong&gt;choñuen&lt;/strong&gt;. Most varieties of Spanish should produce a similar sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sounds written in IPA (sans tones) would clarify exactly what is different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standard Mandarin: /ʈ͡ʂʊŋu̯ən/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standard Spanish: /t͡ʃoɲwen/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be fairly pronounceable to a Spanish speaker. (And if you’ve noticed, it’s also the same IPA for the Italian pronunciation.) Each part can be found in native Spanish words like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cho&lt;/strong&gt;colate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peque&lt;strong&gt;ñue&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;uen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16480" LastEditorUserId="16480" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T11:43:29.600" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T11:43:29.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16486" CreationDate="2017-04-13T16:11:17.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revocación de mandato, es una figura jurídica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16483" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T16:11:17.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20506" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-13T16:43:36.337" Score="8" ViewCount="1350" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a preguntarle a las personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what is the &quot;le&quot; referring to specifically in &quot;preguntarle&quot;? I thought the pronoun refers to the direct object (in this case, the people). So shouldn't it be &quot;les&quot; instead of &quot;le&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16484" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T08:18:09.660" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:25:48.953" Title="What is &quot;le&quot; referring to in &quot;preguntarle a las personas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20506" CreationDate="2017-04-13T19:27:34.450" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt; is a verb that can take a direct object (the thing being asked) and an indirect object (the thing to whom the direct object is posed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las personas&lt;/em&gt; is an indirect object, and so its equivalent unstressed pronoun is &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;.  It could just be a typo for a missed &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is no requirement that both &lt;em&gt;le&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;las personas&lt;/em&gt; appear together (if &lt;em&gt;las personas&lt;/em&gt; were a personal pronoun, however, we would need both to appear).  If we consider &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; not to be a typo for &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;, then there is nothing for the &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; to refer to.  It could, however, then be a typo for &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabes quién es aquel hombre?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — No sé, vamos a preguntarlo a las personas aquí. (&lt;em&gt;preguntar &lt;strong&gt;ello&lt;/strong&gt; a ellas&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabes la edad mínima para poder ver esta película?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — No sé, vamos a preguntarla a las personas aquí. (&lt;em&gt;preguntar &lt;strong&gt;la edad&lt;/strong&gt; a ellas&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-16T01:20:33.967" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:20:33.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20513" CreationDate="2017-04-13T20:16:10.297" Score="4" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el concepto detrás de la expresión &amp;quot;to draw first blood&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;golpear/herir primero [al oponente].&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ejemplo, estoy pensando específicamente en la letra de la canción &amp;quot;Blaze of Glory&amp;quot; de Bon Jovi:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lord I never drew first&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I drew first blood&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero hay algún término o expresión más precisa que denote lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9651" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T20:05:14.440" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;to draw first blood&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20506" CreationDate="2017-04-13T20:41:56.853" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence you quote is referring to &lt;em&gt;las personas&lt;/em&gt;. Note that it is the &lt;em&gt;indirect&lt;/em&gt; object, as guifa's answer explains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; agree in number with the noun, so the preferred form for this sentence is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a preguntarles a las personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to RAE's &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;, it is quite usual to find disagreement between pronoun and indirect object, even in &amp;quot;educated&amp;quot; speakers. This is discouraged by the Academy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Discordancias en el uso de los clíticos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Son dos las discordancias frecuentes en el uso de los clíticos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) A menudo, cuando el pronombre átono de dativo concurre en la oración con el complemento indirecto preposicional, se utiliza el singular &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, aunque el referente sea plural; esta discordancia está extendida tanto en España como en América, incluso entre hablantes cultos, por lo que son frecuentes, aunque normativamente desaconsejables, oraciones como ❌&lt;em&gt;«Colombia &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; propuso &lt;strong&gt;a los Gobiernos&lt;/strong&gt; de Estados Unidos y Venezuela una alianza»&lt;/em&gt; (Tiempo [Col.] 18.4.97). En el uso esmerado se recomienda mantener la concordancia de número entre el pronombre átono y el sustantivo al que se refiere: &lt;em&gt;«Los mismos remedios de distracción que &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; daba &lt;strong&gt;a sus enfermos&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; (GaMárquez Amor [Col. 1985]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T20:41:56.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20514" CreationDate="2017-04-13T20:59:35.823" Score="6" ViewCount="2014" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los libros de Javier Sierra he encontrado más que una vez la expresión de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí viene un ejemplo del libro &quot;Las puertas templarias&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni por un segundo &lt;strong&gt;el bueno de Jean&lt;/strong&gt; de Avallon imaginó que combatir con la coraza de la fe fuera algo tan real, tan próximo y tan peligroso a la vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa esta expresión y cómo se lo puede traducir al inglés (o alemán)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6835" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T21:25:41.303" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T17:36:12.340" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;el bueno de alguien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20510" CreationDate="2017-04-13T21:05:14.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe y se usa la traducción directa: &amp;quot;a primera sangre&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XCjG7b8#A3FNwML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a primera sangre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Dicho de un desafío: Que ha de cesar en cuanto uno de los contendientes esté herido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pongo a continuación algunos ejemplos extraídos del CORDE (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos creíamos que iba a ser un simple lance &lt;strong&gt;a primera sangre&lt;/strong&gt;, y se convertía en un lance serio casi a muerte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ramón Gómez de la Serna, &amp;quot;Automoribundia&amp;quot;, 1948 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maneja bien las armas y se bate a menudo, semejante en eso al temerón, pero siempre con fortuna y &lt;strong&gt;a primera sangre&lt;/strong&gt;; sus duelos rematan en almuerzo, y son siempre por poca cosa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mariano José de Larra, &amp;quot;Los calaveras. Artículo segundo y conclusión&amp;quot;, 1835 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves en este último ejemplo, la expresión tiene ya un par de siglos de antigüedad al menos. En textos más antiguos se pueden encontrar otras formas de la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dijo el Alguacil:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—Cualquier duelo destos cesa &lt;strong&gt;en habiendo sangre&lt;/strong&gt;, y de los dos ya tiene carta de pago.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francisco Bernardo de Quirós, &amp;quot;Aventuras de don Fruela&amp;quot;, 1656 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese en todo caso que esta expresión se usa para designar a este tipo de duelos. Para el hecho en sí de herir primero a tu oponente, en la literatura ya suelen recurrir a expresiones como &amp;quot;herir primero&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T20:05:14.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20512" CreationDate="2017-04-13T21:41:21.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, en este caso se debería apelar a la siguiente acepción de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6EawoZ6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bueno&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. irón. Dicho de una persona: Simple, bonachona o chocante. Usado más como sustantivo. &lt;em&gt;El bueno de Fulano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el ejemplo que da el DLE se podría decir que coincide con tu frase. A mí particularmente me choca que la expresión se use siempre en tono irónico (como indica la definición), y no se pueda usar en sentido literal (una persona buena de verdad, más que simple o bonachona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión en inglés que se me ocurre como traducción es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Good old Jean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web de SpanishCentral.com (del mismo grupo que el Merriam-Webster) parece &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com/translate/good&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;confirmar esta traducción&lt;/a&gt; (ver entrada 31 en &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T21:41:21.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20499" CreationDate="2017-04-13T22:21:00.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar otras opciones y aportar más variedad. Igual no te lo crees pero el DLE recoge el verbo &quot;llavear&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NUcEBGg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;llavear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Arg. y Par. Cerrar con llave.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único que pasa es que solo se usa en Argentina y Paraguay. Otra que ya había sido apuntada por guifa como perteneciente al gallego pero que resulta que ha pasado al castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SGIH5Ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pechar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Gal., León y Sal. Cerrar con llave o cerrojo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De uso en Galicia, León y Salamanca. Y por último otra también algo sorprendente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=39Y84rv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apestillar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Cerrar o encerrar con pestillo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T22:21:00.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20518" CreationDate="2017-04-13T22:39:26.100" Score="3" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;El Cuaderno de Maya:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«¡Jué! ¡Qué niñona tan bonita esta gringuita! ¡Que Juesú me la guarde!&#xA;  El caballero la estaba esperando, del mismo modo que todos en la isla,&#xA;  y ojalá le guste el pollito con papitas que le preparé.» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No era un dialecto de la zona, como pensé, sino &lt;strong&gt;español galopado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo fuera a atreverme con una conjetura, diría que quiere decir truncado, o sea las últimas sílabas no son pronunciadas o son elididas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T00:00:38.050" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T05:35:07.923" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;español galopado&quot; en este contexto?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20502" CreationDate="2017-04-13T22:59:16.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el NTLLE encuentro que en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1739) se recoge la siguiente definición para &lt;em&gt;saeta&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por alusión se toma por el objeto que hace impresión en el ánimo, como hiriendo en él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque por aquel entonces no se recogía la acepción del cante, ya se entendía &lt;em&gt;saeta&lt;/em&gt; de modo alegórico. En 1803 se recoge además la siguiente acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada una de aquellas coplillas sentenciosas y morales que suelen decir los misioneros, y que también suelen decir durante la oración mental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se nota claramente que el significado alegórico evolucionó y se denominó así a estas coplillas que, al parecer, trataban de zaherir morales. Es curioso que estas acepciones se hayan perdido en la versión actual. Sin embargo, en esta misma versión de 1803 aparece también la siguiente construcción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ECHAR SAETAS. Mostrar alguno con palabras, gestos o acciones que está picado o sentido de alguna cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No queda del todo claro si la expresión &quot;echar saetas&quot; surgió antes o después de las coplillas de los misioneros. En todo caso, en la versión de 1817 del diccionario a la definición de las coplillas de los misioneros añade lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y en las demandas nocturnas que hacen en Madrid los hermanos de la Esperanza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya tenemos hasta el lugar de origen (y por una vez no es Andalucía). En 1843 se actualiza esta última parte de la definición por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y en otros actos de devoción y penitencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No fue hasta 1899 cuando la definición cambió por una ya más parecida a la actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coplilla breve y sentenciosa que, para excitar a la devoción o la penitencia, se canta en las iglesias o en las calles durante ciertas solemnidades religiosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1936 pasa de &quot;coplilla&quot; a &quot;copla&quot;. En 1956 se añade como sinónimo de &quot;jaculatoria&quot; (&quot;oración breve y fervorosa&quot;), y en 1970 se amplía esta definición como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jaculatoria o copla que una persona canta en las procesiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta 2001 estas dos definiciones iban por separado, hasta que en la última versión se fusionaron (o se perdió la de la coplilla sentenciosa) para quedar en la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palo flamenco consistente en una jaculatoria o copla que una persona dedica a las imágenes de las procesiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, todo se basa en la imagen alegórica de las flechas como elementos que inciden en el alma, moral, ánimo lo que sea de cada uno, provocando una impresión o reacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T19:19:20.487" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T19:19:20.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20516" CreationDate="2017-04-14T00:55:56.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obteniendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=AkUDE4wgbgUC&amp;amp;lpg=PT26&amp;amp;ots=DT5nAtlrDC&amp;amp;dq=No%20era%20un%20dialecto%20de%20la%20zona%2C%20como%20pens%C3%A9%2C%20sino%20espa%C3%B1ol%20galopado.&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PT26#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=No%20era%20un%20dialecto%20de%20la%20zona,%20como%20pens%C3%A9,%20sino%20espa%C3%B1ol%20galopado.&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un poco más de contexto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llegó con una olla de hierro, pesada como un cañón, que se puso a calentar en la cocina, mientras me &lt;strong&gt;dirigía un discurso precipitado&lt;/strong&gt;, algo así como se presentaba con el debido respeto [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ - Aquí el texto original de la pregunta - ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] No era un dialecto de la zona, como pensé, sino español galopado. &lt;strong&gt;Deduje&lt;/strong&gt; que Manuel Arias era el caballero [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese contexto vemos que la interlocutora se expresa con un &lt;strong&gt;discurso rápido, precipitado&lt;/strong&gt;, tanto que al narrador o narradora le cuesta seguirlo, de ahí que al final exprese &amp;quot;pude &lt;strong&gt;deducir&lt;/strong&gt; que...&amp;quot;. Es decir no era fácil de entender. Costaba entender las palabras y al principio pensó que no era español, sino algún otro tipo de dialecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Galopar, en este contexto tiene el sentido literal del &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=InAydO8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir al galope&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, que es lo que hacen los caballos cuando van más rápido (creo que los caballos pueden ir al &lt;em&gt;paso&lt;/em&gt;, al &lt;em&gt;trote&lt;/em&gt; y al &lt;em&gt;galope&lt;/em&gt; y cada uno es más rápido que el anterior).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso nuestro narrador viene a decir &amp;quot;Esa señora hablaba tan rápido que me costaba entenderla. Al principio pensé que era porque hablaba algún tipo de dialecto de la zona que yo no entiendo, pero luego me di cuenta de que sí que estaba hablando español, pero muy rápido (al galope), de manera muy atropellada&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &amp;quot;español &lt;em&gt;galopado&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; es simplemente un español hablado muy rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T05:35:07.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19629" CreationDate="2017-04-14T07:35:01.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the Grammatical rules in Spanish provide apmple headroom to compose the most capricious and contorted sentences while retaining the idea you wish to convey, providing for great creative possibilities, while trying to create symmetric constructs such as these, you run the risk of easily falling into pitfalls and vices of style such as cacophony.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the symmetric sentences are correct, they do tend to abuse repetitive sounds of the infinitive forms, only made worse by being verbs with the same number of syllables! Thus the cacophony feels more noticeable (the pair &lt;em&gt;intensifica, recalienta&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;está intensificando, está recalentando&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole paragraph may benefit from a few synonyms here and there, conveying the same meaning, yet avoiding the repetitive same length words, it all flows a lot better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd switch &lt;em&gt;intensifica&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;acentúa&lt;/em&gt; (3 syllables, 3 strong vowels vs 4 syllables and 1 strong vowel. in the former) and the whole thing flows a lot better, with no change in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, intensifica Is a &lt;em&gt;grave accented word&lt;/em&gt; [1] which increments it's metrics by 1 virtual syllable, making it yet more markedly rythmic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: is grave accent for stress on the next-to-last syllable correct? Suddenly I'm doubtful that's the correct term&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T07:35:01.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19320" CreationDate="2017-04-14T12:09:27.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll add my $0.02 MXN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;although there is no documentation to refer to, being a very colloquial expression I can confirm at least 4 current usages of the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mocho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Mexico, particularly in Baja California (not so far from your find)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Being overly religious or exaggerating on the practice of the catholic faith, (widely used nowadays)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mocho&lt;/strong&gt;, (&lt;em&gt;lisado&lt;/em&gt;) as in missing a limb. it is used to describe those who have lost most of an extremity, such as an arm or a leg, as opposed to '&lt;em&gt;cojo&lt;/em&gt;' or '&lt;em&gt;manco&lt;/em&gt;' when missing a hand or a leg from the knee down, It is interesting to note how the word comes to be used to describe amputees, herein lies the key:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Mocho&lt;/strong&gt;', (&lt;em&gt;incompleto&lt;/em&gt;) missing a part, as the subject and action of the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Mochar&lt;/strong&gt;' (&lt;em&gt;cortar&lt;/em&gt;). You may not be &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mocho&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; yourself, but you may have &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El dedo Mocho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (missing a finger). Why are you missing a finger? &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Me lo &lt;strong&gt;moché&lt;/strong&gt; por accidente trabajando&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Applies not only to bodily harm, but to objects and things that have been cut and are thus incomplete:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No vimos lo mejor de la pelicula, le &lt;strong&gt;mocharon&lt;/strong&gt; el final!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We didn't see the best part of the movie, it was cut at the end!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El ingeniero encargó que &lt;strong&gt;mocharamos&lt;/strong&gt; esos arboles a la mitad, para que no hagan contacto con el cableado de alta tension&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The engineer ordered us to cut those trees in half, to avoid them making contact with the high tension wires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another usage of the verb form of &lt;strong&gt;Mocho&lt;/strong&gt; is '&lt;em&gt;to share&lt;/em&gt;' or to have shared something valuable, an allegory of cutting oneself and giving away something dear and close to you (such as an arm and a leg ...bingo!) and to give it away without asking for compensation in return, for the good of others. If you &lt;em&gt;sell&lt;/em&gt; your kidney, it doesn't apply. If you however &lt;em&gt;donate&lt;/em&gt; your kidney, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te mochaste con un riňón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also this is not limited to bodily parts. all too often, people will ask for freebies &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Oiga, &lt;em&gt;Mochese&lt;/em&gt; con los refrescos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Give us some soft drinks&amp;quot; if you agree, they wont pay for the soft drinks, because &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Te mochaste&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An abstract example, that happened to me recently &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Profe, &lt;em&gt;Móchese&lt;/em&gt; con un punto; para irnos de vacaciones sin preocuparnos por el examen&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (I teach calculus at a local high school, and my pupils were under the impression that I would just give them a free point on their terms, if they asked so they could enjoy their spring break. Needless to say, &lt;strong&gt;NO Me &lt;em&gt;moché&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these, in current use; even amongst well educated groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My theory:&#xA;It could be that this person shared his wealth as was the custom for godfathers at the time, they literally threw money in the air (&lt;em&gt;bolo&lt;/em&gt;) so kids would all come running and have fun trying to gather the most coins from el padrino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if he was not missing a limb, perhaps he was missing a finger. In the historical context, a godfather had actual responsibilities towards his &amp;quot;ahijados&amp;quot; and had to vouch for them in addition to their parents in certain circumstances, so being a foreigner recently eligible to be a godfather, perhaps the priest made the annotations so as to identify him in a time where taking a photograph was either impossible or a very expensive and painstaking affair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="23615" LastEditDate="2020-10-05T23:03:44.490" LastActivityDate="2020-10-05T23:03:44.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20523" CreationDate="2017-04-14T15:59:50.113" Score="9" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;When alphabetising countries in English (specifically, a drop-down menu on my website), &quot;El Salvador&quot; is after &quot;Egypt&quot; and &quot;the Gambia&quot; is after &quot;Gabon&quot;; &quot;Virgin Islands&quot; and &quot;Christmas Island&quot; are sorted in the &quot;V&quot; and &quot;C&quot; areas respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish version of the same list, would &quot;El Salvador&quot; be filed under &quot;E&quot; or &quot;S&quot;? (Traditionally; not necessarily whatever is in vogue now.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, would (in a properly-sorted list of nations and territories) there be (under &quot;R&quot; and &quot;I&quot;) several countries beginning with the word &quot;República&quot; or &quot;Isla&quot;? Or would &quot;Dominica&quot; and &quot;República Dominicana&quot; be nowhere near each other in such a list? (On the other hand, the two Koreas do end up being listed consecutively in Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish lists of nations that I have found online appear to be programmatically sorted (by the same methods that file &quot;Michael Jackson&quot; under &quot;M&quot; instead of &quot;J&quot;) and tend to exclude non-sovereign territories such as the aforementioned Virgin and Christmas Islands. So I'm not 100% sure that a strict alphabetic ordering is observed in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15225" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:36:38.303" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:36:38.303" Title="Nuances of alphabetising names of countries" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20522" CreationDate="2017-04-14T16:59:39.000" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista de países y capitales con su gentilicios&lt;/a&gt;, cortesía de la Real Academia de la Lengua (pocas entidades pueden tener más autoridad repecto al tema). Como verás ellos ordenan usando el nombre completo del país, incluyendo artículos y otros denominadores como &quot;Republica&quot; e &quot;Isla&quot;, pero no el &quot;las&quot; de las Islas Marshall o las Islas Salomón, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This list&lt;/a&gt; is compiled by the Spanish Academy of Language, so it is as authoritative as it can be. As you can see, their sorting is based on the full name of the country, including the article and other descriptor such as &quot;Republica&quot;, &quot;Isla&quot;, etc. For &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/672/5481&quot;&gt;certain countries&lt;/a&gt; you can omit the article in from of the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción / Another solid list that could be used: &lt;a href=&quot;http://servicios.educarm.es/templates/portal/ficheros/websDinamicas/30/iniciales_paises_iso.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CODIGOS PAÍSES SEGÚN ISO 3166/2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:31:36.860" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:31:36.860" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20524" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-14T18:59:09.943" Score="5" ViewCount="1318" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay diferencia en significado en estas dos afirmaciones? ¿O solamente una es correcta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;De serlo, ¿cuál es su connotación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T19:34:31.990" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T07:40:17.877" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;deber&quot; y &quot;deber de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-04-18T07:42:05.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2017-04-14T19:31:23.693" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, su significado no es el mismo: &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; indica obligación, mientras &lt;em&gt;deber de&lt;/em&gt; indica probabilidad, tal y como comenta el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=deber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. Funciona como auxiliar en perífrasis de infinitivo que denotan obligación y suposición o probabilidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; + infinitivo. Denota obligación: «&lt;em&gt;Debo cumplir con mi misión&lt;/em&gt;» (Mendoza Satanás [Col. 2002]). Con este sentido, la norma culta rechaza hoy el uso de la preposición de ante el infinitivo: ❌*«&lt;em&gt;Debería de haber más sitios donde aparcar sin tener que pagar por ello&lt;/em&gt;» (Mundo [Esp.] 3.4.94).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;deber de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; + infinitivo. Denota probabilidad o suposición: «&lt;em&gt;No se oye nada de ruido en la casa. Los viejos deben de haber salido&lt;/em&gt;» (Mañas Kronen [Esp. 1994]). No obstante, con este sentido, la lengua culta admite también el uso sin preposición: «&lt;em&gt;Marianita, su hija, debe tener unos veinte años&lt;/em&gt;» (VLlosa Fiesta [Perú 2000]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego tus frases serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Tengo la obligación de haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/em&gt; --&gt; Probablemente he dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contexto, la frase que quieres decir parece ser la 2.ª, luego lo correcto para designar probabilidad sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; haber dejado mis llaves en el auto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-15T07:40:17.877" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T07:40:17.877" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2017-04-14T19:49:13.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por añadir un segundo ejemplo a la respuesta de fedorqui, que me parece muy correcta, a mí me gusta ilustrar la diferencia con estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahí debe haber unas 50 personas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahí debe de haber unas 50 personas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera frase la diría un director de cine preparando una escena, expresando el número de extras que necesita figurando al fondo de la misma (expresando obligación). La segunda frase la diría yo mismo al ver pasar una pequeña manifestación por la calle (expresando estimación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T19:49:13.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-15T01:42:53.667" Score="4" ViewCount="1318" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, Roberto or Rojo.&#xA;I asked some of my friends who are native Spanish speakers. Some say they do not roll it at all. Some say they do slightly, but not as strong as 'rr'. &#xA;I googled it and apparently it needs to be rolled.&#xA;I am confused. Help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16493" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T19:25:48.393" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T04:04:37.280" Title="In what countries do people roll a single 'r' if it's the first letter in the word?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20527" CreationDate="2017-04-15T02:35:35.433" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;All countries use both the /r/ and /ɾ/ phoneme. Not all countries realize them, respectively, as the roll/trill [r] and the flap [ɾ] (for Puerto Rico for instance you often get /r/ as [h] and /ɾ/ as [l]), but whatever sound is used in the word &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; /'pero/ will match a word starting with &lt;em&gt;r-&lt;/em&gt;.  You should not ever hear the sound used in the word &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; /'peɾo/ at the beginning of the word.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's only written with a single &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; because there's no word on Spanish that begins with the sound made in the word &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;m thus it was a seen as an optimization (compare to &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; either of which can begin a word).  Note that if you add a prefix, the other R reappears to indicate the original trill: &lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt; /'roxo/ and &lt;em&gt;infrarrojo&lt;/em&gt; /infɾa'roxo/ (not &lt;em&gt;infrarojo&lt;/em&gt; /infɾa'ɾoxo/), &lt;em&gt;romper&lt;/em&gt; /rom'per/ and &lt;em&gt;corromper&lt;/em&gt; /korom'per/ (not &lt;em&gt;coromper&lt;/em&gt; /koɾom'per/ ).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. It is possible that (a) there is some dialect of Spanish where this is not the case, but I am not familiar with any, and that certainly doesn't apply to any of the major dialects —Mexican, Caribbean, Rioplatense, Andean, Peninsular— or (b) that someone has a speech impediment, in which case we're no longer talking about common speech.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-15T19:33:31.640" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T19:33:31.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20460" CreationDate="2017-04-15T04:40:39.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mexico has quite a few ways to name this establishments, but I'll leave our the local-specific hoices in favor of those that are understood Nationwide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First and foremost&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Congal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As opposed to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;antro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;antro de vicio y perdición&lt;/em&gt;) an &lt;em&gt;antro&lt;/em&gt; is a regular night club for dancing and a night out with the girlfriend​. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a &lt;em&gt;congal&lt;/em&gt; proper you will find exotic dancers and a mostly male audience.&#xA;There are, however different categories: a regular congal Is a modern, safe place for adult gentlemanly fun, there  is also, however, the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tugurio&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are basically &lt;em&gt;congales&lt;/em&gt; the but implicitly run-down, shoddy, probably not a good idea to visit unless you can't afford otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In smallish towns all over, where everybody knows each other, there are establishments advertising as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Café cantante&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you'd think it's a kind of karaoke, but, alas, there is no singing and coffee is not served. Indeed, these are places where one spends his money in exchange for company, but not much more, remember it's a small town!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In rural areas we can find the humorously named&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Junta de mejoras&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is where the men and field workers go and mostly get drunk, and can find some company too. After the revolution in 1910 these &lt;em&gt;juntas de mejoras&lt;/em&gt; were supposed to be formal meeting places,, sponsored by the government, where the rural leaders would discuss the betterments for the community, but that quicky got sidestepped in favor of plain fun, also sponsored by the government. (You gotta get the votes somehow!) Now days only the name remains, and everyone knows it's the local cantina. Sponsored by beer companies mostly.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the activity of visiting the club, there are a few popular choices here, but the better known all throughout Mexico are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Congalear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is like &lt;em&gt;&quot;ir de marcha&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in Spain specially in the large cities. The idea is to get together with your friends, choose q designated driver (and probably an alibi) and visit two or three &lt;em&gt;congales&lt;/em&gt; before the night is out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do this too often, and your will get a reputation for &lt;strong&gt;congalero.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The alternative, often used among the youth, is the self explanatory &lt;strong&gt;ir a ver pelos&lt;/strong&gt; although obscure, everyone knows what &lt;strong&gt;ver pelos&lt;/strong&gt; entails. It's definitely an icebreaker for foreigners, to be &quot;in the know&quot;. You'll never hear that one in polite comany.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, this one is right up there  with the insular &lt;em&gt;pticlub&lt;/em&gt; in the humorous class of euphemisms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where would you go, if you wanted to &lt;em&gt;ver pelos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course: no other place than&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El pelódromo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Synonym for &lt;em&gt;congal&lt;/em&gt; I kid you not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T04:40:39.770" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20512" CreationDate="2017-04-15T17:28:15.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ofrezco una idea tentativa, esperando que me den feedback los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el ____(adj.)____ de ____(sust.)_____&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde el adjetivo describe a una persona, es una construcción de uso general, inspirando en el lector alguna reacción emocional.  (Un adjetivo que describe un color, por ejemplo, no funcionaría.)  Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El cochino de mi vecino me despertó en la madrugada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay dos interpretaciones: Mi vecino es un cochino (es decir, es una persona tan sucia como un cochino) y me despertó temprano; mi vecino tiene un cochino que me despertó temprano.  (Cuando usé esta frase en una ocasión, tratando de expresar la segunda idea, mis compañeros se rieron y me explicaron la primera idea.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La emoción que nos inspira: molestia y disgusto (para con el vecino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Apenas cuatro años después, un infarto cardiaco dejaba viuda, y con la soledad como única acompañante, a la buena de doña Matilde.&quot; &lt;em&gt;El retrato del general&lt;/em&gt; de María Pilar Queralt del Hierro (publicado en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B00WT53KII&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Relatos del Pasado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas la frase exacta en google, &quot;la buena de doña,&quot; encontrarás muchos ejemplos así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La emoción que nos inspira: condolencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escogí un adjetivo al azar, &quot;ansiosa,&quot; y busqué con google la frase exacta, &quot;la ansiosa de&quot; y encontré: &quot;[Alfredo] revisa unos mails; contesta dos que le ofrecen juntarse para conversar de proyectos «grandiosos»; le responde a la ansiosa de la Conchita Ossa&quot; en &lt;em&gt;Sudor&lt;/em&gt; de Alberto Fuguet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La emoción que nos inspira: impaciencia con la señora que nos agobia con su ansiedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otro intento con un adjetivo escogido al azar (&quot;al amable de&quot;): &quot;... mis dos únicos y queridos nietos, cuyas fotos enternecieron al amable de Luis Ángel.&quot;  (Lo encontré en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=dpEeAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22al%20amable%20de%22&amp;amp;dq=%22al%20amable%20de%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjW47vL86bTAhUK7YMKHfbsApAQ6AEILDAB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronombres Personales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Isaac E. Chocrón.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como es apenas un fragmento, no se puede estar seguro, pero quizás en este caso la emoción que inspira es la ternura por Luis Ángel por su paciencia y bondad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pidiste una traducción al inglés y alemán de &quot;el bueno de Jean de Avallon.&quot;  Leí varios párrafos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.megustaleer.com/fragmentos/sec/0093865/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuento&lt;/a&gt;, para ver el contexto.  Se trata de un pobre ingenuo que llega a las cruzadas en 1125, sin esperar lo sangrienta que sería la batalla.  Entonces aquí sí es un poquito irónico el tono. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;inglés: Not for a second did the good (naïve, poor, simple) Jean imagine....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alemán: Nicht für einen einzigen Moment hat der gute (naive, arme, einfache) Jean sich vorgestellt....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-15T17:36:12.340" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T17:36:12.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-15T18:31:18.853" Score="3" ViewCount="534" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=59dvWXg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bartola&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Bartolo&lt;/em&gt;, acort. de &lt;em&gt;Bartolomé&lt;/em&gt;; cf. &lt;em&gt;bartolear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a la bartola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Descuidando o abandonando el trabajo u otra actividad. &lt;em&gt;Echarse, tumbarse a la bartola.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Despreocupándose, quedando libre de toda inquietud o preocupación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como se asoció ese nombre a esa actitud despreocupada / descuidada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16499" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-16T21:56:15.450" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T17:12:11.090" Title="¿Por qué &quot;a la bartola&quot; es &quot;descuidando o abandonando el trabajo u otra actividad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20536" CreationDate="2017-04-15T19:08:09.897" Score="3" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) &lt;em&gt;Y como yo &lt;strong&gt;permaneciera&lt;/strong&gt; en silencio&lt;/em&gt;, él también continuó mudo y&#xA;  inmóvil. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) &lt;em&gt;Como no &lt;strong&gt;volviese&lt;/strong&gt; para alimentar a su hijo&lt;/em&gt;, su marido fue a&#xA;  buscarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais por favor explicar por qué se usa el subjuntivo en estas dos oraciones causales? En ambas oraciones se refiere a algo que ya ha ocurrido y entonces se considera como algo ya conocido. Además la oración principal no es en forma negativa. Pues ¿por qué van con el subjuntivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T19:45:14.390" Title="Oraciones causales y el modo subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20535" CreationDate="2017-04-15T19:45:14.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece bastante que el uso del subjuntivo en este caso se debe a la sustitución con el &lt;em&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/em&gt;, que se usaba antiguamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reemplazando quedaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y como yo &lt;strong&gt;había permanecido&lt;/strong&gt; en silencio...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como no &lt;strong&gt;había vuelto&lt;/strong&gt; para...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T19:45:14.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-15T19:48:30.823" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand both often translate to English as &quot;what&quot; or &quot;which&quot; and &quot;that&quot;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My professor told me that &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt; is often used when presented with a choice while &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is used when asked to explain something. However it seems that these reasons often apply to the same instances. Please let me know if there is an easier way to figure out when to use these two words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16500" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-15T20:12:43.463" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T20:12:43.463" Title="When do I use &quot;cual&quot; vs &quot;que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-15T21:15:34.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20510" CreationDate="2017-04-15T22:53:08.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro mucho en el internet &amp;quot;sacar primera sangre.&amp;quot;  Entonces propongo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios, yo nunca fui el primero en sacar la pistola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero fui el primero en sacar sangre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré esta frase en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://hola-arkansas.com/es/sub-23-victoria-completa-para-ee-uu-sobre-mexico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de deporte&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deteniendo un magnífico gol, Cody Cropper impidió que México fuera el primero en sacar sangre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T22:53:08.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20506" CreationDate="2017-04-16T01:05:03.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P1 preguntarle a las personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish was not my first language, and I think I know what you're asking.  I &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; think you're asking why it's &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; in Phrase 1, and anyway, others have done a great job of addressing that.  I think you want to know why it's not just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P2 preguntar a las personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;without the pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, let's imagine a situation: Let's say my son asks me what day his aunt will be leaving to go back to where she lives, and I don't know the answer.  I might tell him to ask her: &quot;Pregúntale.&quot; Or: &quot;No sé.  ¿Por qué no le preguntas?&quot;  In this situation, there's no question who &quot;le&quot; refers to -- it's his aunt.  It's clear from the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's imagine my son asks me what day his aunt and uncle are leaving.  If I say, &quot;Pregúntale,&quot; the child might wonder which person he should ask.  Let's say I happen to know that in that couple, it's usually the wife who keeps track of things like plane tickets.  Then I'll say, &quot;Pregúntale a tu tía.&quot;  It feels good to start with &quot;Pregúntale,&quot; because... well, because there's a natural tendency to want to use a pronoun whenever possible.  But I add &quot;a tu tía&quot; for more clarity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally, one could skip the pronoun and say, &quot;Pregunta a tu tía,&quot; or &quot;Ve a preguntar a tu tía,&quot; but it feels a bit more brusque and I think it's slightly less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(That actually turned out to be a bit of a &quot;just because&quot; answer.  Maybe someone else will come up with more of a reason.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: Sigh.  I just reread the question found I was way off base....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-16T01:25:48.953" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:25:48.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20499" CreationDate="2017-04-16T01:10:28.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poner seguro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si nos estacionamos en el centro de la ciudad donde los robos son más frecuentes, podría decirle a mi hijo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay que poner seguro aquí en el centro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto funciona para las puertas también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé, quizás se va a oir raro en algunos países, pero en México es exactamente equivalente a &quot;lock.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si vas a poner seguro a una puerta con candado, entonces sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poner candado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FWLjt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FWLjt.png&quot; alt=&quot;candado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:10:28.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20498" CreationDate="2017-04-16T01:20:58.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he oído &quot;estar amigos&quot; ni &quot;estar de amigos,&quot; pero sí &quot;estar de novios con alguien&quot; y &quot;ser amigos,&quot; aunque &quot;tener amistad con alguien&quot; o &quot;llevarse con alguien&quot; me gustan un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estás preguntando cuál tiempo del verbo se debe usar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Éramos amigos todavía en aquel entonces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;funciona, y también funciona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuimos buenos amigos, Conchita y yo.  Pero todo cambió cuando se casó.  Su esposo era un celoso y no quise causarle problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;éramos&quot; sería más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T01:20:58.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-16T15:56:35.780" Score="2" ViewCount="856" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de la lengua, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8RudNPJ%7C8RwR0H6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chachi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; remite a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8XeOJWr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chanchi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que aparece  definido sencillamente como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Estupendo, muy bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin más indicaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde procede? ¿Se usa fuera de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16507" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-16T22:12:27.947" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:33:49.210" Title="¿De donde viene la palabra &quot;chanchi&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20546" CreationDate="2017-04-16T17:20:15.707" Score="-1" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the question suggests. How would you say &quot;in order to soak in the culture&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you say &quot;para calar a la cultura&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16508" LastEditorUserId="16508" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T18:44:28.210" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T18:44:28.210" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;in order to soak in the culture&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2017-04-16T19:50:24.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lacking a more specific context, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para empaparse de la cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can use the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ElfsKMP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;empapar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; with the following meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5. prnl. Imbuirse de un afecto, idea o doctrina hasta penetrarse bien de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T06:50:36.460" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T06:50:36.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2017-04-16T19:53:27.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer with an example of context &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They lived in Costa Rica in order to soak in the culture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos vivieron en Costa Rica con el fin de aprender sobre la cultura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as @Carlos Alejo said you can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos vivieron en Costa Rica con el fin de empaparse de la cultura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16509" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T19:53:27.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-16T22:08:29.393" Score="4" ViewCount="2613" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es raro oír en España trozos de conversación del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡El examen &lt;strong&gt;estaba tirado&lt;/strong&gt;! Estoy convencido de que sacaré un diez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4mX1tFr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bah&lt;/a&gt;, deja de preocuparte por la ruta: llegar a Murcia &lt;strong&gt;está tirado&lt;/strong&gt; si sigues la autopista del Mediterráneo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en ambos casos &lt;em&gt;estar tirado&lt;/em&gt; denota que algo es muy fácil, que no requiere esfuerzo alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, el DRAE recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZqS1ueI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. de &lt;em&gt;tirar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que se da muy barata o es de fácil realización u obtención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no explica de dónde viene ni cómo se llegó hasta aquí. ¿Alguien lo sabe? ¿Se usa también en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T17:53:49.547" Title="¿Por qué algo que &quot;está tirado&quot; es algo &quot;fácil&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T01:54:01.933" Score="3" ViewCount="2003" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some help with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar para [+ infinitive]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar por [+ infinitive]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both meaning, &quot;I am about to do [the action of the infinitve]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy para ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy por ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translates both of these to mean &quot;I am about to go.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, searching through the web I'm finding contradictory answers on how these two frases differ in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that one means that &quot;I'm about to do something, as in right now&quot;.&#xA;And the other means &quot;I'm about to do something, as in not right now, but sometime in my immediate future.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone clarify this for me. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T06:55:12.100" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T01:47:00.090" Title="What is the difference between 'estar para' and 'estar por'?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20544" CreationDate="2017-04-17T05:26:31.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como señala &lt;strong&gt;Fedorqui&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque no lo ponga como respuesta, la pregunta ya ha sido contestada en &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-del-termino-chachi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el blog de &lt;em&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y si lo dice &quot;El listo que todo lo sabe&quot;, va a misa:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De una parte, el origen por el que más expertos y etimólogos consultados apuestan es el que dice que ‘chachi’ proviene del término en caló (lengua utilizada por el pueblo gitano) ‘chachipé / chachipen’ cuyo significado es ‘verdad’ y ‘realidad’. Parece ser que se utilizaba en expresiones como ‘chachi que sí’ que venía a significar ‘verdad que sí’, ‘claro que sí’. Lo que no queda demasiado claro es cómo pasó de chachipén a chanchi y de esta finalmente a chachi y pasar a significar ‘estupendo, muy bueno’, aunque nada es imposible en nuestro idioma en el que es frecuente encontrase de tanto en tanto con alguna ‘pirueta semántica’ como es el caso del término ‘mamarracho’ (del que os hablé días atrás).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El otro posible origen del término ‘chachi’ nos lleva hasta Andalucía, concretamente a la provincia de Cádiz, y lo sitúa en los tiempos de la posguerra española (coincidiendo con la Segunda Guerra Mundial) una época de carestía y en el que el contrabando (también conocido como estraperlo) que se realizaba desde Gibraltar estaba a la orden del día. Muchos eran los productos de primera necesidad que se traía desde este territorio perteneciente al Reino Unido (siendo el Primer Ministro Británico el famoso Winston Churchill).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según apuntan, quienes defienden el origen gaditano del término, eran de tan buena calidad esos productos introducidos a través del mercado negro que se referían a los mismos con el apellido del mandatario inglés: Churchill, siendo pronunciado como ‘charchil’ y que con el tiempo derivó en ‘chachi’ (otra ‘pirueta semántica’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque el primer posible origen de chachi es el que defienden más expertos en etimología, este segundo es el que gusta y se comparte más, teniendo en cuenta que tiene a toda una provincia tras de sí que defiende esa procedencia ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo falta aclarar si se utiliza fuera de España, como se plantea en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16513" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T06:53:27.073" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T06:53:27.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20548" CreationDate="2017-04-17T07:26:06.360" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues me he encontrado con una cosa muy curiosa, y es que según el NTLLE, la expresión &quot;estar tirado&quot; ha cambiado completamente de significado a lo largo del tiempo. Fíjate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andar alguna cosa mui &lt;em&gt;tirada&lt;/em&gt;. Phrase, que vale no hallarse, ò haber carestia de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; definía la expresión como usada para cuando era muy difícil encontrar alguna cosa dada su escasez. En 1852 esta expresión desaparece del diccionario, y en 1925 aparece la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TIRADO, DA. Dícese de las cosas que se dan muy baratas o de aquellas que abundan mucho y se encuentran fácilmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora la expresión pasa a significar todo lo contrario: cuando algo &lt;em&gt;está tirado&lt;/em&gt; lo que te están diciendo es que es tan fácil de encontrar y conseguir como si te lo encontraras tirado por el suelo en cualquier parte. Fíjate que en esta acepción ya se menciona la palabra &quot;fácilmente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te pones a ver y el cine aquí está tirado. A cinco pelas hoy en una sala del centro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Delibes, &quot;Diario de un emigrante&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta &quot;facilidad&quot; para encontrar algo se pasó a la &quot;facilidad&quot; para hacer cualquier cosa, como ya lo atestigua la edición manual de 1985:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; una cosa &lt;strong&gt;tirada&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;muy tirada&lt;/strong&gt;, fr. que se aplica a lo que se hace sin dificultad o es fácil de aprender o comprender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T17:53:49.547" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T17:53:49.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20582" CreationDate="2017-04-17T07:48:43.290" Score="4" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per the excellent advice of Carlos Alejo, I've restructured this question to get more to the heart of what I'm seeking (thanks Carlos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any case in which the subjunctive mood can be used in simple sentences? And by simple, I mean sentences with only one verb and no relative clauses (neither present nor omitted). Or does a verb in the subjunctive mood always need a second verb in the indicative mood? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&#xA;Well, yes, there is a case where the subjunctive mood can be used in a simple sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quisiera algo de agua, por favor. | I would like some water, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone think of any additional examples of using the subjunctive in simple sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="10965" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T10:17:19.820" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T04:29:38.403" Title="Is there any case in which the subjunctive mood can be used in simple sentences?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20550" CreationDate="2017-04-17T07:53:47.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think I ever use &quot;estar para&quot; in this sense, but I use &quot;estar por&quot;, meaning I'm &lt;strong&gt;almost&lt;/strong&gt; decided to do something:  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy tan enfadado que estoy por darle una bofetada: I'm so angry I'm about to  slap him (but I'm not doing it for certain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it's also used in a kind of hypothetical or metaphorical sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy por comprarme un helicóptero para evitar tantos atascos: I'm going to buy a helicopter to avoid so many traffic jams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE seems to agree with this meaning&lt;/a&gt; of &quot;estar por&quot;, and sets a higher degree of certainty to &quot;estar para&quot; (note the &quot;casi&quot; in &quot;estar por&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Denota la disposición próxima o determinada de hacer algo. Estar PARA testar, PARA morir. No está PARA bromas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. No haberse ejecutado aún, o haberse dejado de ejecutar algo. Estar POR escribir, POR sazonar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Hallarse &lt;strong&gt;casi&lt;/strong&gt; determinada a hacer algo. Estoy POR irme a pasear. Estoy POR romperle la cabeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Entry 21 is another meaning for &quot;estar por&quot; which means that something is yet to be done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="376" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T07:53:47.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20550" CreationDate="2017-04-17T07:54:50.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you search &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GnJiqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the dictionary, you find the following meanings regarding the verb followed by the prepositions mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Denota la disposición próxima o determinada de hacer algo. &lt;em&gt;Estar PARA testar, PARA morir. No está PARA bromas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. No haberse ejecutado aún, o haberse dejado de ejecutar algo. &lt;em&gt;Estar POR escribir, POR sazonar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Hallarse casi determinada a hacer algo. &lt;em&gt;Estoy POR irme a pasear. Estoy POR romperle la cabeza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, there are differences among them. For instance, if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí estoy para servirle a usted.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translates, according to the 20th meaning, to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am here to serve you. (Google Translator choice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This case varies slightly when the sentences is a negative one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya no estoy para andar saltando tapias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could translate as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can't jump over walls anymore.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I am not going to jump over walls anymore. (Google Translator choice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; preposition, you have two possible meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta parte del código aún está por escribirse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That part of the code is yet to be written. (Google Translator choice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example regarding the 22nd meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy por irme al cine yo solo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is very subtle, and could be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am thinking about going to the movies alone.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I am about to go to the movies by myself.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I am going to go to the movies alone. (Google Translator choice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example expresses the idea of being about to do something, as stated by that 22nd meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that every example has been properly translated by Google Translator (well, the last one lacks some subtleties of the sentence, but it could be a valid one). That's the importance of well-elaborated examples: the more elaborated the sentence, the better Google Translator works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T07:54:50.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20556" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T08:37:43.890" Score="5" ViewCount="546" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi hijo de tres años está empezando a elaborar frases cada vez más complejas. Resulta fascinante comprobar cómo está interiorizando el concepto de conjugar los verbos, aunque él ni siquiera sepa lo que está haciendo. Lo gracioso viene cuando construye frases como las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me ayudas? Es que yo no &lt;em&gt;sabo&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mira, me lo he &lt;em&gt;ponido&lt;/em&gt; yo solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y claro, uno trata de corregirle mientras piensa en lo fácil que sería el español si los verbos se conjugaran todos de forma regular. Y ahí va entonces la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay o ha habido algún intento serio de regularizar todas las conjugaciones de todos los verbos en español? Y con serio me refiero, por ejemplo, al estilo de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice:Ortografia_kastellana,_nueva_i_perfeta.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografia kastellana, nueva i perfeta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que se publicó como libro en un intento de regularizar y simplificar la ortografía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dado que ya existen verbos que admiten para determinados tiempos verbales una conjugación regular y otra irregular (como &lt;em&gt;freído&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt;), ¿qué dificultades habría para permitir ambas conjugaciones en todos los tiempos de todos los verbos? Por ejemplo, que no estuviera mal dicho &lt;em&gt;habiera&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt;, y con la excepción tal vez de los verbos más básicos, como &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tiene o ha tenido la RAE alguna vez alguna posición al respecto?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T11:59:57.027" Title="¿Hay o ha habido algún intento de regularizar todos los verbos en español?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20460" CreationDate="2017-04-17T09:48:48.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Community wiki answer to summarize the other ones. Feel free to expand it or to add here an abstract of your own answer.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20473/12637&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sexless:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;American show.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estriptis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Local de alterne.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sex implied:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puticlub.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20529/12637&quot;&gt;Mexico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sexless:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Congal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tugurio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Café cantante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pelódromo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T09:48:48.943" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-17T09:48:48.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20556" CreationDate="2017-04-17T10:21:27.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El propio concepto de lengua como entidad viva impide regularizar artificial (y arbitrariamente) los verbos. Sería absurdo pretender hacer todos esos cambios desde una organización (llámese RAE o de otra forma). Solo los hablantes, a través de muchas generaciones, podrían cambiar eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay que tener cuidado y no confundir la &amp;quot;regularización de la ortografía&amp;quot;, pues la ortografía es una convención arbitraria y por tanto se puede modificar a antojo, con la &amp;quot;regularización de la morfología&amp;quot;, que es una entidad viva y &amp;quot;orgánica&amp;quot; y por tanto no modificable por capricho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, el hecho de que tu hijo use formas regulares para verbos irregulares significa que ya está empezando a comprender la morfología y aplica las reglas correctamente (aunque a casos incorrectos). Va por el buen camino :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito para citar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jotdown.es/2017/04/ines-fernandez-ordonez-la-lengua-evoluciona-forma-natural-sistema-eficaz-todas-las-epocas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrevista&lt;/a&gt; que acaba de publicar &lt;em&gt;Jot Down&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Respecto a la lengua estándar, ¿es cierta la afirmación de que «la lengua la hacen los hablantes»? ¿La norma es tan democrática o en realidad es una aristocracia, en el sentido etimológico de la palabra? Porque realmente manda más Varga Llosa que yo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión es que la estandarización que no esté basada en el uso no tiene posibilidad de prosperar. Si haces una recomendación de un uso basado en el de gente muy ilustre pero de empleo muy minoritario, no prospera. Lo hacen las que emanan de un uso general que se ha asentado en la lengua, porque en los cambios lingüísticos lo fundamental no son las minorías, son las clases medias. Esto lo han estudiado muy bien los sociolingüistas. Un cambio puede empezar en un grupo sociocultural marginado, pero no prospera si no prende en los grupos intermedios. Cuando penetra en las clase medias se difunde y gana la batalla. Lo mismo podemos decir respecto de un uso marginal de las clases altas, de individuos muy ilustres, que tienen un altavoz muy importante pero que no necesariamente consiguen que su práctica reciba el refrendo de la colectividad. Recomendar usos lingüísticos minoritarios que no están basados en el uso colectivo no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T11:59:57.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20522" CreationDate="2017-04-17T14:05:58.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When there is a need to use a list of elements in an application, the best practice is to use a list normalized by a standardization body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO 639&lt;/a&gt; Language list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO 3166-1&lt;/a&gt; Country list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO 3166-2&lt;/a&gt; Subdivision / province list &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_4217&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO 4217&lt;/a&gt; Coin list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lists in several languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the ordering of the lists, the best practice is to order by the first letter of the name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T14:05:58.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T15:40:43.267" Score="7" ViewCount="740" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE recoge como sexta acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UBQk8bX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. p. us. &lt;strong&gt;Hombre de raza negra&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que, aparentemente, no tiene  relación con ninguna de las 20 restantes acepciones.&#xA;¿De donde procede ese uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16516" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T20:34:18.337" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T23:01:12.730" Title="¿Por que &quot;primo&quot; es un &quot;Hombre de raza negra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2017-04-17T21:25:48.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede que esta sea de esas cuestiones que van a ser difíciles de dilucidar. Normalmente en este tipo de investigaciones se pueden encontrar datos de la evolución de un significado concreto a lo largo del tiempo, reflejados en las diferentes ediciones del DLE. Sin embargo, en este caso nos encontramos en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1737) con una definición similar a la actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el estilo festivo llaman al negro ò Ethíope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que dicha definición ha ido pasando a lo largo de los diccionarios hasta llegar a día de hoy. El hecho de que esté marcada como &quot;poco usada&quot; no me deja claro si se refiere a que hoy es poco usada o si ha sido poco usada a lo largo del tiempo. En cuanto a diccionarios anteriores, no hay ninguno que recoja esta acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente suelo buscar en el CORDE algún ejemplo, pero por más que lo intento no me sale nada. Así que ya solo me queda la especulación, y es que (dado que la definición está marcada como festiva o jocosa) se llamaran así a las personas de raza negra en contraposición al término &quot;hermano&quot;. Los hermanos se suelen parecer más entre sí, mientras que los primos se parecen menos (aunque conservan el aire de familia). De ahí que a las personas cuyo color de piel difería de lo que estaban acostumbrados les llamasen &quot;primos&quot;, dado que no se parecían tanto a ellos como sus &quot;hermanos&quot; blancos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una respuesta un tanto políticamente incorrecta, pero es lo que se me ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T21:25:48.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20562" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20564" CreationDate="2017-04-17T21:40:07.880" Score="4" ViewCount="1651" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta clásica línea,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Póngalo en agua &lt;strong&gt;hirviendo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Póngalo en agua &lt;strong&gt;que esté hirviendo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la función del gerundio en este caso? ¿Son equivalentes las afirmaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T22:13:23.233" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T10:03:53.130" Title="&quot;Agua hirviendo&quot; | ¿Cuál es la función del gerundio?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2017-04-17T22:50:56.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;English speakers don't have the sounds of Y nor Ll (Actually is almost the same in most places) , except when Y sounds like our i:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un hijo Y una hija&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you all can use the sounds /ja/ and we will comprehend you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16518" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T06:29:31.143" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T06:29:31.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20562" CreationDate="2017-04-17T23:20:55.680" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, es algo peculiar que acaeció al verbo.  Su gerundio se ha lexicalizado y se ha quedado en la lengua como un adjetivo propio (además de su función como forma verbal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;27.2a&lt;/strong&gt; Se usa el gerundio como adjetivo en las formas lexicalizadas &lt;em&gt;ardiendo&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt;, y, con mayores restricciones, también &lt;em&gt;colgando&lt;/em&gt;.  Estos gerundios pueden funcionar sintácticamente de manera similiar a los modificadores restrictivos o especificativos (&lt;em&gt;El agua hirviendo es la de la cazuela grande&lt;/em&gt;), lo que en general está vedado a otros gerundios. […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prueba de ello podría ser lo siguiente (tomo algunos ejemplos de 27.2b de la &lt;em&gt;NGE&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La vi &lt;em&gt;llorando&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(= ella está llorando)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;es complemento predicativo porque&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La vi &lt;em&gt;llorando &lt;strong&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(= ella está llorando mucho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;está bien dicho, pero intensificándolo como adjetivo &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La vi *&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; llorando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;no lo está.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate la diferencia con &lt;em&gt;hervir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Póngalo en agua &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(= el agua está hirviendo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;se puede modificar como si fuese adjetivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Póngalo en agua &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(= el agua está hirviendo mucho)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;y no con &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Póngalo en agua &lt;em&gt;hirviendo *&lt;strong&gt;mucho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra prueba de que la forma &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; no se puede ver como simplemente una estructura de tipo adjetivo verbal generalizada es que no podemos sustituir otros verbos allí.  No podemos decir *&lt;em&gt;el agua congelando&lt;/em&gt; ni *&lt;em&gt;el agua virtiendo&lt;/em&gt; en este mismo contexto (no obstante, la forma &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt; sí funciona: &lt;em&gt;agua congelante&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(que congela)&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;em&gt;agua &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.ch/books?id=mAEXAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA221&amp;amp;lpg=PA221&amp;amp;dq=%22agua%20virtiente%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=MpsRxxtmPH&amp;amp;sig=YOD4Nbf_TmQHTHFInnv8A3tdMeg&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22agua%20virtiente%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;virtiente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(que vierte)&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo lo dicho: efectivamente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto es adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt; invariable en número y género que significa &lt;em&gt;hirviente / que hierve&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;en vez de un gerundio propiamente dicho&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(Dícholo todo, voy a seguir usando &lt;em&gt;hirviente&lt;/em&gt; jaja.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T10:03:53.130" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T10:03:53.130" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4694" CreationDate="2017-04-18T02:16:15.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/5481&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boludo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tonto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atontado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Filipinas&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bobo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tonto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T18:00:53.700" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T18:00:53.700" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-18T02:16:15.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2017-04-18T02:24:46.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/5481&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar colado o pillado por alguien&#xA;(Estoy &lt;strong&gt;colado&lt;/strong&gt; por tu hermana; Estoy &lt;strong&gt;pillado&lt;/strong&gt; de tu hermana)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar loco por, enamorado o interesado en alguien&#xA;(Estoy &lt;strong&gt;loco&lt;/strong&gt; por tu hermana; Estoy &lt;strong&gt;enamorado&lt;/strong&gt; de tu hermana; Estoy &lt;strong&gt;interesado&lt;/strong&gt; en tu hermana)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enchule / Enchularse (Estoy &lt;strong&gt;enchulado&lt;/strong&gt; de tu hermana)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perú&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Templarse de alguien (Estoy &lt;strong&gt;templado&lt;/strong&gt; de tu hermana)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(Tu hermana / alguien) me mueve el piso&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta tu hermana&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T13:08:11.347" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T13:08:11.347" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-18T02:24:46.040" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20571" CreationDate="2017-04-18T02:59:34.513" Score="2" ViewCount="1257" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su número musical &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/bR7z69qdeDk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dilema de Amor (cumbia epistemológica)&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, perteneciente a su gira de 2010 &quot;Lutherapia&quot;, el grupo cómico-musical &lt;em&gt;Les Luthiers&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/bR7z69qdeDk?t=309&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mandaste a mudar, la echaste sin piedad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que mandar a alguien &quot;a mudar&quot; es como mandar a alguien a &lt;em&gt;tomar viento&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13415/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;freír espárragos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PzX1swq%7CPzZoc6u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mudar&lt;/a&gt; tiene el significado de &quot;cambiar&quot; (de ropa, lugar para vivir, etc.) o incluso &quot;defecar&quot;, por lo que la expresión no es tan distinta de mandar a alguien lejos, a la mierda o a cagar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas expresiones sí se usan en España, pero &quot;mandar a mudar&quot; no. No es que sea difícil entenderla con contexto, pero en España se favorecerían otras expresiones equivalentes. &lt;em&gt;Les Luthiers&lt;/em&gt; es un grupo argentino. ¿Es &quot;mandar a mudar&quot; una expresión de uso común en toda Hispanoamérica o sólo en algunas regiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T09:53:27.287" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:58:41.527" Title="Uso de &quot;Mandar a mudar&quot; en Hispanoamérica" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19629" CreationDate="2017-04-18T03:46:35.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few thoughts to share and will put them here even though they don't really constitute an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is better Spanish writing?  Well, before thinking about that, what is good Spanish writing?  There are tons of writers and readers in Spanish who are fond of verbiage that doesn't add much meaningful content, but that adds patina to the piece.  So, &quot;good Spanish writing&quot; is already a subjective thing.  Then, there's &quot;better&quot; Spanish writing.  Better than what, or whom?  I'd have an easier time thinking about your question if I understood better the point of view of the question.  Also, I didn't understand whether the proposed rewrites of the original sentence were suggested by you, or whether they were touted in the book.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Going from English to Spanish isn't like going from English to Chinese.  English and Spanish have so much in common that even though I didn't understand the question very well, it seems like a good bet that if you take a list of rhetorical devices used fairly often in English and try to find examples of them in Spanish writing, you'll probably have pretty good luck finding some.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you picked out a small handful of authors &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; really like, and tried to pull out specific examples of rhetorical devices, etc., from their writing, that you particularly liked?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What kind of writing are you doing/will you be doing, that you want to improve in?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T03:46:35.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2017-04-18T06:39:18.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Capullo&lt;/em&gt;. You can see images in Google of the cocoon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ladilla&lt;/em&gt; does not stand for &lt;em&gt;gilipollas&lt;/em&gt; is used in Spain only, not in Hispanic America. Douche bag is not a idiomatic expression ,is just &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douchebag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ducha vaginal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16522" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T06:46:30.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T06:46:30.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20570" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-18T06:48:49.107" Score="5" ViewCount="4185" Body="&lt;p&gt;La idea que yo tenía era que la palabra &lt;em&gt;Internet&lt;/em&gt; se debía escribir con mayúscula al ser un nombre propio. El DPD &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=Internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece confirmar esto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Funciona a modo de nombre propio, por lo que, en el uso mayoritario de todo el ámbito hispánico, se escribe con mayúscula inicial y sin artículo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, buscando la palabra en el DLE (que es posterior a la última edición del DPD), me encuentro con lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LvskgUG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;internet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;Internet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Escrito también con mayúscula inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. o f. Red informática mundial, descentralizada, formada por la conexión directa entre computadoras mediante un protocolo especial de comunicación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la definición parece intuirse que ambas formas son aceptadas. Así que ya por curiosidad, ¿cuál es la última recomendación de la RAE? ¿Escribirlo con mayúscula inicial o da exactamente igual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T07:03:01.353" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T07:03:01.353" Title="¿Se debe escribir &quot;Internet&quot; con mayúscula inicial?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20567" CreationDate="2017-04-18T09:58:41.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de americanismos, en su entrada de &lt;em&gt;mandar&lt;/em&gt; indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=B7cvVglayx0AufKQvbZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mandar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;~se a mudar&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. verb. Pa, Pe, Bo, Ch, Ar, Ur. Irse de un lugar repentina o inesperadamente. pop + cult → espon. (mandarse mudar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;~se mudar&lt;/strong&gt;. Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Ur. mandarse a mudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nos hace ver que &lt;em&gt;mandarse a mudar&lt;/em&gt; se usa en Paraguay, Perú, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina e Uruguay, mientras que &lt;em&gt;mandarse mudar&lt;/em&gt; (sin la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;) se usa en Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Chile y Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece, pues, que se usa por todo el continente menos en Colombia y Venezuela. La leve diferencia en el uso de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; o no daría para otra pregunta. Dado que en Bolivia, Chile, Perú y Uruguay se usan ambas, es fácil deducir que su uso es prácticamente indiferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:58:41.527" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-18T11:18:34.927" Score="7" ViewCount="2639" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si alguna vez has buscado términos en el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, habrás visto marcas que pueden llegar a parecer una ecuación, como la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas marcas y otras similares, ¿qué quieren decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T13:26:08.977" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T13:26:08.977" Title="¿Qué quieren decir marcas como &quot;pop.&quot;, &quot;cult.&quot; y &quot;espon.&quot; en el Diccionario de americanismos?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;asale&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20572" CreationDate="2017-04-18T11:18:34.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un artículo titulado &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/asele/pdf/24/24_035.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Repercusión del &quot;Diccionario de americanismos&quot; en el aula de español como segunda lengua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, escrito por Soraya Almansa Ibáñez, de la UNED, se puede leer lo siguiente (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otro de los grandes aciertos del DA es la inclusión de marcas sociolingüísticas y pragmáticas. La información sociolingüística se divide en cuatro tipos: registro específico (&lt;strong&gt;carcelario, delicuencial, drogadicción, estudiantil, infantil, policial, prostitución&lt;/strong&gt;), valoración social de la voz en la comunidad de habla (&lt;strong&gt;prestigioso, eufemístico, vulgar, tabú&lt;/strong&gt;), información sobre el parámetro estratificatorio —nivel sociocultural o sociolecto— (&lt;strong&gt;culto, popular&lt;/strong&gt;) y estilo de lengua (&lt;strong&gt;espontáneo, esmerado&lt;/strong&gt;). Respecto a las marcas pragmáticas, estas aportan datos sobre la intención comunicativa del hablante (&lt;strong&gt;afectuoso, despectivo, festivo, hiperbólico, satírico&lt;/strong&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en una tabla se pueden comprobar cuáles son las abreviaturas, que hacen referencia a los listados resaltados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;12. Registro                        carc., drog., delinc., est., inf., polic., prost.&#xA;13. Valoración social               prest., euf., vulg., tabú&#xA;14. Estratificación sociocultural   pop., cult.&#xA;15. Estilo                          espon., esm. (precedidos de →)&#xA;16. Marcas pragmáticas              afec., desp., fest., hiper., sat., (precedidos y unidos por ^)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y por unir cada abreviatura con su significado, tenemos por orden alfabético:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;^afec.   afectuoso&#xA;carc.    carcelario&#xA;cult.    culto&#xA;delinc.  delincuencial&#xA;^desp.   despectivo&#xA;drog.    drogadicción&#xA;→esm.    esmerado&#xA;→espon.  espontáneo&#xA;est.     estudiantil&#xA;euf.     eufemístico&#xA;^fest.   festivo&#xA;^hiper.  hiperbólico&#xA;inf.     infantil&#xA;polic.   policial&#xA;pop.     popular&#xA;prest.   prestigioso&#xA;prost.   prostitución&#xA;^sat.    satírico&#xA;vulg.    vulgar&#xA;tabú     tabú&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la ecuación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;debe leerse como &quot;aplica tanto a nivel popular como culto, y su estilo de lengua es espontáneo&quot;. Si nos encontráramos con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pop ^ desp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indicaría que el término &quot;aplica solo a nivel popular (no culto), y expresa una intención despectiva&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T12:17:05.647" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T12:17:05.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20574" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Z6YVm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Z6YVm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE), creada en México en 1951, agrupa a las veintitrés corporaciones de América, España, Filipinas y Guinea Ecuatorial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ASALE, que ha celebrado catorce congresos desde su constitución a mediados del siglo XX, tiene su sede corporativa en Madrid, en dependencias de la Real Academia Española (RAE). Su organización y funcionamiento están regulados por los estatutos y el reglamento. Los vigentes se aprobaron en Medellín (Colombia) en 2007.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20575" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" Score="0" Body="Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española. || Association of Spanish Language Academies." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T11:24:58.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2017-04-18T16:34:14.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultado a la propia RAE:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La acepción de primo con el sentido de ‘persona de raza negra’ apenas&#xA;  tiene ya uso, por lo que en el diccionario porta la marca de poco&#xA;  usado, al margen de la de coloquial. Figura en el diccionario&#xA;  académico desde el llamado Diccionario de Autoridades, primera obra&#xA;  académica, publicada en el siglo XVIII, y ya se mencionaba en este&#xA;  diccionario el carácter festivo de tal acepción. Se documentaba&#xA;  siempre en textos con intención humorística. Valgan algunos&#xA;  testimonios en los que se puede comprobar el uso mencionado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c1638&lt;/strong&gt; ROJAS ZORRILLA, FRANCISCO DE Entre bobos anda el juego (ESPAÑA).&#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Pues si un hermano no vale,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿cómo ha de valer un &lt;strong&gt;primo&lt;/strong&gt;,  que es&#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  parentesco de negros?&#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1661&lt;/strong&gt; MORETO, AGUSTÍN La fuerza del natural (ESPAÑA).&#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Pues picaron atrevido, &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ¿vos con mi &lt;strong&gt;prima&lt;/strong&gt; y mi &lt;strong&gt;prima&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  con vos? somos todos &lt;strong&gt;primos&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  o negros? Carlos &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Señor, yo aora &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  leal y atento resisto &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  que Aurora con Alexandro &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  se case, quando contigo &#xA;  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  logrará tan justo empleo.  […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Al parecer su uso fue humorista, por los escritores en siglos anteriores, O bueno eso es lo que puedo recabar de esta respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puedes corroborarlo haciendo la consulta por cuenta propia llenando el siguiente formulario&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/formulario/consultas-linguisticas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Consultas lingüísticas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16525" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T16:34:14.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20579" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20581" CreationDate="2017-04-18T22:11:43.430" Score="0" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Blame it on all the cowboy movies, but I've always enjoyed the sound of 'adios' as a farewell. I don't want to be burdened by the superstitious baggage that 'adios' brings with it. Can someone invent a short, sharp, euphonic Spanish protologism, neologism or nonce word/phrase that means 'thrive without gods'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16527" OwnerDisplayName="Areel Xocha" LastEditorUserId="16527" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T08:35:49.087" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T08:35:49.087" Title="Spanish phrase meaning 'thrive without gods'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20579" CreationDate="2017-04-18T23:17:20.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, to begin it should be made clear that, while &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; indeed comes from the phrase &lt;em&gt;a Dios os encomiendo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;I entrust you to God&lt;/em&gt;), like the phrase &lt;em&gt;ojalá&lt;/em&gt; (from لو شاء الله meaning &lt;em&gt;if God wills &lt;sub&gt;(it)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), today it no longer is seen to have any religious significance.  My atheist friends who are very particular about language&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; have no problem using it.  In that regards, it's much like using &lt;em&gt;good-bye&lt;/em&gt; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple one that you can use, but that I don't know it has much usage outside of Spain, is &lt;em&gt;agur&lt;/em&gt; which derives from Euskera (Basque), but even that comes originally from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=augurium&amp;amp;la=latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;augurium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; so you aren't really removing yourself from &amp;quot;superstitious baggage&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other farewells tend to be relatively context-sensitive, but you can often hear things like &lt;em&gt;que te vaya bien&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;may things go well for you&lt;/em&gt;) which might additionally have other words attached, for example, &lt;em&gt;que te/os/le/les&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; vaya bien la vida&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;may/I hope life treat you/y'all well&lt;/em&gt;).  But this isn't &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; a farewell, and can be used in other, non-farewell contexts: if someone has told you in the conversation that they have a big test tomorrow, using it will be interpreted as wishing them well on the test, not generally.  Additionally, you have to consider who you're saying it to and where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another potential option is &lt;em&gt;cuídate/cuidate/cuidaos/cuídese/cuidense&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; which means &lt;em&gt;take care (of yourself/y'all's selves)&lt;/em&gt;.  But it too has the problem of multiple forms depending on who you're talking to and where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last group of farewells, which are probably the most common after &lt;em&gt;adiós&lt;/em&gt; generally begin with &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;until&lt;/em&gt;).  For example, &lt;em&gt;hasta mañana&lt;/em&gt; (lit. &lt;em&gt;until tomorrow&lt;/em&gt;, that is, &lt;em&gt;see you tomorrow&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;hasta luego&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;until later&lt;/em&gt;).  If you won't ever see them again, you can use the phrase &lt;em&gt;hasta nunca&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;until never&lt;/em&gt;, that is, &lt;em&gt;hope to never see you again&lt;/em&gt;), but that has a very negative feel and certainly doesn't wish them well.  You substitute &lt;em&gt;te/os/lo/la/le/los/las/les veo&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; (lit. &lt;em&gt;I &lt;sub&gt;(will)&lt;/sub&gt; see you/y'all&lt;/em&gt;), but it has so many different potential words based on where and who you're speaking to, if you're not actually a Spanish-speaker it might be best to avoid it.&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one final option that you could potentially use.  It is short, and unrelated to deities.  It is &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; which derives the identical Latin phrase meaning &lt;em&gt;stay&lt;sub&gt;(sing.)&lt;/sub&gt; well&lt;/em&gt;.  The problem (and honestly why it didn't come to me on the initial writing of this answer), is that in a number of countries —especially Spain— &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; is indeed used as an interjection, but one meaning closer to the English word &lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt;.  When it is used in Modern Spanish with the meaning of &lt;em&gt;farewell&lt;/em&gt;, it tends to be in a very different context: funerals.  For example, &lt;em&gt;vale, mi amigo&lt;/em&gt; would mean &lt;em&gt;farewell (forever), my friend&lt;/em&gt;, and wouldn't be super appropriate in more, shall we say, cheery circumstances.  It also has a number of other meanings, some of which could be confused in context: in the Dominican Republic &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; can be a rural person, so telling some &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; could be the same as calling them &lt;em&gt;redneck&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;countrybumpkin&lt;/em&gt; to their face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. By this I mean my friends who are both particular about language and atheists (which are of course unrelated traits).  By particular, I mean having a high tendency to use things like &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;@&lt;/em&gt; to neutralize gender, etc.  The ones who are very concerned about the subconscious effects of language.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. te (informal or intermediate formality, singular), os (informal and plural, Spain and Equatorial Guinea only), le (formal and singular), les (formal and plural, Spain and Equatorial Guinea; plural without distinction to formality everywhere else)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. in order we have first the informal (or intermediate formal in countries with three-way distinctions like Chile), informal singular (for countries with vos like Argentina), informal plural (for Spain and Equatorial Guinea; very formal if used in singular), formal singular, and plural (formal in Spain and Equatorial Guinea, no distinction elsewhere).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4. Suffice it to say, we have informal and intermediate formality forms (&lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, singular, &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; plural in Spain and Equatorial Guinea), formal forms in non-leísta or leísta de cortesía zones (&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; singular masculine, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; singular feminine, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; masculine plural, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; feminine plural) formal forms in leísta de cortesía zones (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; singular without gender distinction, &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; plural without gender distinction), or formal forms in standard leísta zones (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; for masculine singular, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; for femoinine singular, &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; for masculine plural, &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; for feminine plural)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T02:50:39.483" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20553" CreationDate="2017-04-19T00:56:20.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el caso más habitual del subjuntivo como modo del verbo principal de la oración (sin conjunciones que lo introduzcan) se da en las expresiones de deseo (donde el verbo &quot;desear&quot;, &quot;querer&quot;, &quot;esperar&quot; está obviamente implícito), por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dios te &lt;strong&gt;oiga&lt;/strong&gt; (Deseo/Quiero/Espero que Dios te oiga).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maldito &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; el que me estafó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ojalá &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; razón (el adverbio &quot;ojalá&quot; reemplaza a los verbos de deseo antes mencionados).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es posible encontrar el subjuntivo como único verbo de la oración dentro de una subordinada cuando la proposición principal está elidida, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si&lt;/strong&gt; tan solo &lt;strong&gt;tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; la respuesta... (sería tan feliz).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existen frases idiomáticas, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaya&lt;/strong&gt; novia que te conseguiste.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Valga&lt;/strong&gt; la redundancia (normalmente dicho después de haber cometido una redundancia).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Oops, I just realized I should have answered in English. If you need me to rewrite the answer in English, just let me know.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T01:02:00.480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T01:02:00.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20544" CreationDate="2017-04-19T01:25:11.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta parcial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No había oído esto así en México o EEUU.  Chequeé el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8RudNPJ|8RwR0H6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; y dice &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Esp. chanchi. U. t. c. adv.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Qué es &quot;u.t.c&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T21:33:49.210" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:33:49.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2017-04-19T01:33:00.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll suggest an alternative, because I think &quot;empaparse&quot; is a great word, but stronger than the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;absorber&lt;/strong&gt;: absorb, take in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer tal o cual cosa para absorber la cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal word would also work well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conocer&lt;/strong&gt;: get to know&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer tal o cual cosa, para conocer la cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T02:04:17.247" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T02:04:17.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20550" CreationDate="2017-04-19T01:47:00.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions are the most difficult part of speech to master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I am about to leave&quot; = &quot;Estoy a punto de salir.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estoy por salir&quot; is similar...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it has just a slightly different feel.  Version 1 emphasizes this condition of being just about to do the thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone noted, &quot;Estar ... para&quot; is something else entirely.  For example, &quot;Estoy aquí para ayudarte, y no me iré hasta que el departamento esté habitable.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watch out, Google Translate is sometimes right on the money, but sometimes it spits out nonsense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T01:47:00.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20586" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20591" CreationDate="2017-04-19T02:22:27.570" Score="3" ViewCount="9047" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gracias a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10525/5481&quot;&gt;What is the meaning of “poner a huevo” in Mexican Spanish?&lt;/a&gt; aprendí que no en todos los países de habla hispana la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;poner a huevo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; tiene el significado que tiene en España, que es por cierto, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlyzyqH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de acuerdo al DRAE&lt;/a&gt;, la misma que en Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj. Perú. Dicho de una tarea: Fácil de cumplir. Dicho de un precio: Cómodo de pagar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la opuesta al sentido de El Salvador y Uruguay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Salv. y Ur. Situación o tarea difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He revisado alguna de las expresiones que tienen el mismo sentido de &quot;ponerlo muy fácil&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-origen-de-la-expresion-asi-se-las-ponian-a-fernando-vii/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Así se las ponían a Fernando VII&lt;/a&gt;&quot; pero no encuentro ninguna explicación de cómo llegó la expresión &quot;poner a huevo&quot; a significar &quot;ponerlo fácil&quot; (por lo menos en España y Perú). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cómo adquirió esta expresión ese significado? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: entiendo que es posible que sucediese de distinta manera en cada país, ya que en otros países tiene un significado distinto (México) e incluso opuesto (El Salvador y Uruguay). Una explicación sobre cualquiera de los dos es más que aceptable. Las respuestas no necesariamente tienen que explicar cómo sucedió en ambos sitios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T13:32:28.020" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T13:32:28.020" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;poner a huevo&quot; el significado de &quot;fácil&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2017-04-19T02:29:45.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/5481&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Bolivia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ecuador&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guineo: It is what you call a banana in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verde: A cousin of &quot;guineo&quot; that you use for cooking salty dishes, you never eat it raw. Its name come from its green colour. Sometimes it is called &quot;Plátano&quot;, or &quot;Plátano verde&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maduro: The same as &quot;Verde&quot; but after it has become yellow and black, you use it for cooking sweet dishes and normally you do not eat it raw.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Orito: Another cousin of &quot;guineo&quot; but it is really small and with a very particular taste. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plátano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Paraguay&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Uruguay&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Banana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T10:59:22.007" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T10:59:22.007" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-19T02:29:45.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T05:33:10.963" Score="6" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición actual de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UAVYZcl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Zool. Dicho de un mamífero: De superior organización, plantígrado, con las extremidades terminadas en cinco dedos provistos de uñas, de los cuales el pulgar es oponible a los demás, al menos en los miembros torácicos. U. m. c. s. m., en pl. como taxón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Personaje distinguido, prócer. U. m. en pl. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta segunda y, en mi experiencia, poco usada acepción es la definición inicial y única de la palabra hasta el suplemento de &lt;strong&gt;1947&lt;/strong&gt; del diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se ha producido este desplazamiento de las acepciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16529" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T06:20:48.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T19:50:09.220" Title="¿Por qué en &quot;primate&quot; la acepción zoológica ha casi desplazado a la de &quot;persona prominente, prócer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20586" CreationDate="2017-04-19T06:44:20.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es un caso muy similar al reciente caso de &lt;em&gt;poner algo tirado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20548/12637&quot;&gt;estar tirado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. La expresión aparece por primera vez en la edición de 1803 del diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Á HUEVO. mod. adv. con que se pondera lo barato que valen, ó se venden las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, poner algo &quot;á huevo&quot; significaba ponerlo a precio de huevo. El siguiente texto del CORDE parece corroborar esta afirmación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entonces, cuando una carambola se presentaba demasiado fácil, unos decían que estaba &quot;como se las ponían a Fernando VII&quot;, y otros que estaba a huevo. ¿De dónde habría salido este modismo para designar lo que es &quot;fácil&quot;, lo que &quot;cuesta poco&quot;? Hoy que los huevos se venden por piezas y, de dos pesetas en adelante, no podemos concebir que hubo un tiempo en que tenían un precio tan bajo que, así como lo muy costoso se compraba a peso de oro, lo que costaba poco o casi nada se decía que estaba a huevo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Julio Casares, &quot;Introducción a la Lexicografía moderna&quot;, 1950 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes un ejemplo de este uso en este otro texto, algo más antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] porque ha crecido tanto el número de esta mercaduría, que la soberbia de los deseos encuentra proporcionados los apetitos; y lo demás corre tan barato, que valen a huevo los pecados mortales, y ya los más son pecadores de gorra, lascivos petardistas y lujuriosos de contrabando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego de Torres Villarroel, &quot;Visiones y visitas de Torres con Don Francisco de Quevedo por la corte&quot;, 1727-1728 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como decir que algo estaba &quot;a huevo&quot; significaba que era fácil de conseguir (pagando poco), la expresión pasó a usarse cuando algo era fácil de conseguir en general con un mínimo esfuerzo. Curiosamente, esta acepción que ya existía en 1950 como hemos visto en el ejemplo (e incluso antes), no entró en el diccionario hasta la edición de 2001, con el significado de &quot;a tiro&quot;, es decir, &quot;al alcance de los deseos o intentos de alguien&quot;. Luego poner algo a huevo es ponerlo a tiro, de modo que sea fácil de lograr u obtener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T06:44:20.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20592" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20596" CreationDate="2017-04-19T08:18:01.850" Score="9" ViewCount="1473" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando miramos la definición de &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; observamos unas primeras acepciones con carácter negativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=52DLHf1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bárbaro, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. barbărus, y este del gr. βάρβαρος bárbaros 'extranjero', voz de or. onomat., a partir del sonido &lt;em&gt;bar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una persona: De alguno de los pueblos que desde el siglo V invadieron el Imperio romano y se fueron extendiendo por la mayor parte de Europa. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a los bárbaros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Fiero, cruel. &lt;em&gt;Su bárbaro vecino lo golpeó&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero poco a poco va cogiendo un cariz positivo, fantástico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. adj. Arrojado, temerario. U. t. c. s. &lt;em&gt;El corredor alcanzó los 200 km por hora; es un bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. adj. Inculto, grosero, tosco. Su estilo es descuidado y un tanto bárbaro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. adj. Grande, excesivo, extraordinario. &lt;em&gt;Le hizo un desplante bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. adj. Excelente, llamativo, magnífico. &lt;em&gt;El orador estuvo bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos centramos en Hispanoamérica, el diccionario de americanismos recoge un montón de acepciones positivas al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=KKAP3PaOtx0AUkspQgK%7CjAkhw4fU6x0A7gh3Jtf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bárbaro, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  sust/adj. Gu, Ho, Ni, Pa, Cu, RD, PR, Ve, Ec, Bo. Persona experimentada, ágil y diestra en un oficio o para realizar una determinada actividad. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20572/1674&quot;&gt;pop + cult → espon&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  adj. Ec, Ar, Ur. Referido a persona, comprensiva, solidaria o de trato agradable. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;em&gt;¡bárbaro!&lt;/em&gt; como interjección de asombro o acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios académicos&lt;/a&gt; veo que acepciones como &lt;em&gt;adj.Grande, excesivo, extraordinario.&lt;/em&gt; no estaban en 1925 y se añadieron en 1992. Y lo mismo ocurre con &lt;em&gt;adj.Excelente, llamativo, magnífico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo ello, me pregunto: ¿cómo tomó esta acepción positiva la palabra &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2021-01-25T15:58:28.983" Title="¿Cómo pasó &quot;bárbaro&quot; a tener una connotación positiva?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T11:32:50.617" Score="8" ViewCount="11108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya sabemos todos, en español se usan los puntos suspensivos (...) con el siguiente propósito, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=puntos%20suspensivos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como recoge el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para señalar la interrupción voluntaria de un discurso cuyo final se da por conocido o sobrentendido por el interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿qué pasa si esa interrupción es involuntaria? ¿Cómo se refleja en la escritura el que una persona interrumpa a otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones he visto en subtítulos de películas y series el uso del guion con este propósito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pues en mi opinión creo que debe-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Tú qué vas a opinar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se entiende que la segunda persona ha empezado a hablar antes de que la primera terminara, cortando su diálogo sin dejarle acabar. No es algo que reflejen los puntos suspensivos, ya que si el diálogo fuera así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pues en mi opinión creo que debe...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Tú qué vas a opinar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que yo entiendo es que la primera ha perdido el hilo del discurso y la segunda al ver que el primero no acaba es cuando arranca a hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto ese uso del guión? ¿O se debería reflejar la interrupción en el diálogo añadiendo una explicación? Tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pues en mi opinión creo que debe...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Tú qué vas a opinar? —dijo, interrumpiendo a su colega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T12:11:03.307" LastActivityDate="2021-04-12T21:51:45.147" Title="¿Cómo se refleja en la escritura cuando una persona interrumpe a otra en un diálogo?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20592" CreationDate="2017-04-19T14:14:33.953" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser algo complicado de ver, pero voy a dar una respuesta tentativa a ver qué te parece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como hemos visto, la voz &lt;em&gt;barbaridad&lt;/em&gt; pasó antes que la voz &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; a tener esa connotación de &quot;cantidad grande o excesiva&quot;. Anteriormente significaba simplemente &quot;calidad de bárbaro&quot;, teniendo &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; entre otras acepciones la de &quot;inculto, grosero, tosco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se usaba en contextos como este (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los malsines acompañaron al de Leyva y le confesaron que doña Elvira los había comisionado para que lo cosiesen a puñaladas, pero que ellos no tenían entrañas para hacer &lt;strong&gt;tamaña barbaridad&lt;/strong&gt; con tan rumboso mancebo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ricardo Palma, &quot;Tradiciones peruanas, cuarta serie&quot;, 1877 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahí creo que yo que está el quid de la cuestión. El término &lt;em&gt;barbaridad&lt;/em&gt; se podía &quot;medir&quot;, clasificando las barbaridades como más o menos grandes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llenóse de horror de &lt;strong&gt;tan grande barbaridad&lt;/strong&gt;, y se volvió a su casa mudo de palabras y frío del corazón pareciéndole que el cielo y la tierra se habían mudado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Braulio Foz, &quot;Vida de Pedro Saputo&quot;, 1844 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta peculiaridad, unido a que &lt;em&gt;barbaridad&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra ya de por sí con un toque hiperbólico, hicieron que una &quot;barbaridad&quot; denotase simplemente a algo exagerado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hollywood existe y es una ciudad como otra cualquiera, más &quot;escenario&quot; que otra cualquiera, menos íntima que cualquier ciudad, pero existe. Toma si existe y menudas inundaciones acabamos de padecer. ¡&lt;strong&gt;Qué barbaridad&lt;/strong&gt;; qué manera de caer agua!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Charles Film, &quot;Complementos [Radio y Cinema, 1938]&quot;, 1938 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la jerga juvenil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] me veía obligado a imprimir las sandeces de aquella presuntuosa irresponsable, redactadas en un estilo de criada. Escribía &quot;es más fácil imaginarlo que describirlo, bello como de película, feo como no sé qué cosa, me divierto &lt;strong&gt;una barbaridad&lt;/strong&gt;, es imposible poder...&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pitigrilli, &quot;El estilo criada [La Codorniz, 24 de julio de 1966]&quot;, 1966 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en Hispanoamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Claro que tendremos que prender espirales, porque ha de haber &lt;strong&gt;barbaridad de&lt;/strong&gt; mosquitos...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Bautista Rivarola Matto, &quot;Yvypóra&quot;, 1970 (Paraguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este cambio en el significado de &lt;em&gt;barbaridad&lt;/em&gt; también lo tuvo la voz &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Allí se me ocurrió un plan &lt;strong&gt;bárbaro&lt;/strong&gt;, que si contaba yo con Isabel y con la tía Clara sería la felicidad absoluta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael Sánchez Mazas, &quot;La vida nueva de Pedrito de Andía&quot;, 1956 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque tal vez en menor medida y por eso entró más tarde en el diccionario. En este último caso se podría pensar que &quot;bárbaro&quot; tiene la acepción original negativa (un plan que solo se le ocurriría a un bárbaro), pero se interpreta también como positivo, dado que el tono del escritor es de aprobación, como dando a entender que los hechos descritos son buenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, también pudo venir el cambio de significado por la inclusión de la voz en frases como &quot;pasarlo como un bárbaro&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Estas desgracias repentinas le sobrecogen al más templado —dijo el pastor—; y mayormente cuando te caen en día de fiesta, que no se trae más que descuido y alegría y pensamiento de pasarlo chachi-&lt;strong&gt;bárbaro&lt;/strong&gt;, como ellos dicen; así que te hace el efecto de caer de repente de lo blanco a lo negro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, &quot;El Jarama&quot;, 1956 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T14:14:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20592" CreationDate="2017-04-19T15:40:52.917" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No vale como respuesta porque no sé cómo pasó a ser un concepto positivo, pero aporto un poquito de contexto:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; no es la única palabra de significado negativo que luego se usa con valor positivo. Aquí algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y4X46Ep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;soberbio, bia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Grandioso, magnífico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PiY3lWL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monstruo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona que en cualquier actividad excede en mucho las cualidades y aptitudes comunes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=bestia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bestia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. Ec. Expresa gran admiración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=mortal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mortal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ni, Cu, Bo, Py; Ch, cult → espon; Ur, p.u. Referido a cosa, excelente, muy buena. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cu. Referido a persona, simpática, comprensiva y servicial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La figura retórica se llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ADfrasis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antífrasis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, y la aporta Rafael en su respuesta al &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/16995/6915&quot;&gt;uso de figurado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;menudo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Hay algo en la ensalada simbólica de nuestra cultura y de nuestro lenguaje que nos lleva a entender (sin que nos lo expliquen) que a veces algunas cosas (palabras, gestos, objetos...) significan lo contrario del significado literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo (si se me permite) que en estos casos hay un ejercicio de empatía. Para los que están dentro de las fronteras siendo asediados, por cierto que los bárbaros son crueles y toscos, portadores de muerte, enfermedad, pecado y mugre. Pero los que están afuera, venciendo, la están pasando bárbaro. Quién no quisiera estar en los festines de Olaf el Vikingo o en la aldea gala de Astérix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T00:51:38.250" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T00:51:38.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="352" CreationDate="2017-04-19T20:12:30.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/5481&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panecillo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panecito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Guatemala&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panecito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perú&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pancito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T19:27:24.163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T19:27:24.163" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-19T20:12:30.000" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4520" CreationDate="2017-04-19T20:17:08.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/5481&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No corta ni pincha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni chicha ni limonada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni chicha ni limonada (usualmente «ni chicha ni limoná»)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mucho tilín tilín y nada de paletas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No raja ni presta el hacha&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Aunque sinónimos de &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot; estas frases se usan en situaciones diferentes y su interpretación depende del contexto&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ni frio ni calor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me da igual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T21:06:36.850" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:06:36.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20602" CreationDate="2017-04-19T20:53:05.593" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example if indicating that your site was translated into Spanish, obviously it's been translated into some particular variant, generic Latin American Spanish, Argentinian Spanish, Formal/Spain Spanish, Mexican Spanish, etc.  However you probably don't want to turn off speakers of another variant by specifically excluding them...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutliple English variants are supported by the site (and we may eventually support multiple Spanish variants).  The general form for the language list looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Name (Variant)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English (Great Britain)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English (Australia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English (United States)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;French (Brazil)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;French (France)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish (???)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is what to put for Spanish inside the parentheses.  I was thinking of maybe putting (General) (Neutral) or (Corriente).  Any Ideas what would be best to put in this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15328" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T01:40:15.127" Title="If referring to Spanish in general without necessarily meaning any particular regional variant, what terminology should be used?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20603" CreationDate="2017-04-19T21:14:47.117" Score="4" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I understand that &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20423/5481&quot;&gt;it's &quot;me quedo&quot; instead of &quot;yo quedo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; because the &quot;yo&quot; is omitted. Just like everything else in Spanish, the verb tense gives away what the pronoun is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it then &quot;yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; quedo&quot; instead of just &quot;yo quedo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T01:48:47.430" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T13:19:26.583" Title="Why is &quot;yo me quedo en casa&quot; instead of &quot;yo quedo en casa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20599" CreationDate="2017-04-20T01:28:29.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with &quot;non-specific&quot; but it may depend on many things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously you distinguish between en-GB and en-US and en-CA. Each one would use the appropriate form for realise/realize, color/colour, anti-clockwise/counter-clockwise, learned/learnt and whatever is relevant in your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are you exactly doing in Spanish for that one single flavor that your app has? Does is consistently use &quot;carro&quot; over &quot;coche&quot;? Does it mix terms from different countries? For example, you could consistently use always &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/11966/5481&quot;&gt;&quot;coche&quot; over &quot;carro&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, as it is done in Spain, but if then you use &quot;cancho&quot; over &quot;cerdo&quot; then you are picking a term which may be preferred in some Latin American countries, but not in Spain (like mixing a &lt;em&gt;colour&lt;/em&gt; here but a &lt;em&gt;learned&lt;/em&gt; there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if your flavor of Spanish sticks to something similar to the one in one of the Spanish-speaking countries I'll suggest that you say you abide some kind of standarization for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_localisation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;localization&lt;/a&gt; (say, es-AR or es-CL).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your app is using a potpurri of different flavors of Spanish I would suggest to label it as &quot;non-descriptive&quot; or &quot;non-specific&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T01:28:29.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20599" CreationDate="2017-04-20T01:40:15.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common terms you'll find are &lt;em&gt;español neutro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;español estándar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Español neutro&lt;/em&gt; refers to a version of the language in which the differences between dialects have been, as the name suggested, neutralized.  You should make sure, however, that it is indeed a neutral Spanish, and that can require a very astute translator to know which word (when multiple are used) is most likely to be readily understood by all speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Español estándar&lt;/em&gt; refers to the standard language (which is taught to everyone and smoothens out some dialectal distinctions), which in theory is mostly neutral, but often refers more to the grammar (with vocabulary differences being more, but not entirely, tolerated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, the terminology could still be problematic if users encounter words they aren't expecting (&quot;You mean &lt;em&gt;auto&lt;/em&gt; isn't standard?  How dare you impose &lt;em&gt;carro&lt;/em&gt;?&quot; etc.)  User reaction won't be &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; strong, but it can be a bit off-putting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation would be to just leave it as &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; and not have anything specified in parentheses.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  If you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; have something in parentheses, you can take the route that Microsoft has done, which is to say &lt;em&gt;Español (internacional)&lt;/em&gt;, which inclusive while at the same time not purporting to adjust itself in any particular way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. For example, in your code, just do a quick if/then for whether a country code is present.  If so, use parentheses, if not, just the language. &#xA; You'd be adding a line or two of code, even less if you use a ternary operator :-)  &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T01:40:15.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20600" CreationDate="2017-04-20T01:47:02.030" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=UloraJw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quedar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is an intransitive verb, which can also be use as pronominal (quedar(&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronominal&lt;/a&gt; use means roughly that their subjects are acting upon themselves (I do this action upon myself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy [nosotros] nos quedamos en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;We&quot; receive the action of staying at home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronominal verbs must be conjugated with a reflexive pronoun (Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; quedo; Nosotros &lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; quedamos). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronominal verbs fall into three major classes based on their meaning: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reflexive: Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; lavo (a mi mismo)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;idiomatic (reflexive actions per se): Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; divierto. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reciprocal: Ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; besan. Las niñas &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; peinan (one to another. This one could actually be reflexive too. Each girl does her own hair, as opposed to each girl doing each other's hair).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; lavo (a mi mismo ==&gt; reflexive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo lavo los platos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedar(se) is a little bit tricky because it is an intrasitive verb, which can be used as &lt;em&gt;pronominal&lt;/em&gt;. It does not literally say &quot;I place myself at home&quot;, but the agent of the action is simultaneously the patient, which is what a reflexive verb implies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1821" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T13:19:26.583" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T13:19:26.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20629" CreationDate="2017-04-20T02:29:49.850" Score="4" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Closure&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;need for closure&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;NFC&lt;/strong&gt;) are psychological terms that describe &lt;em&gt;an individual's desire for a firm answer to a question&lt;/em&gt; and an aversion toward ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_(psychology)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Closure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; viene a ser algo que encontramos después de una mala experiencia que nos ayuda a dejar esta experiencia atrás y seguir adelante con nuestra vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/music/preview/Tsz4xlc73dihtpnf6qbjxjlvjre?lyrics=1&amp;amp;utm_source=google&amp;amp;utm_medium=search&amp;amp;utm_campaign=lyrics&amp;amp;pcampaignid=kp-lyrics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Funeral de Graham Lukas&lt;/a&gt;, una canción sobre su propio funeral, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's over (over) // Oh it doesn't mean it's &lt;strong&gt;closure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahora se ha terminado //Oh, no significa que sea ???&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué término se usa en psicología para ese &amp;quot;cierre&amp;quot;? A mi sólo se me ocurre &amp;quot;pasar página&amp;quot;, pero es demasiado informal. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7v4biYD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Catarsis&lt;/a&gt; no parece adecuarse en este contexto, ya que aunque es un acto de &amp;quot;liberación&amp;quot; no es un acto de &amp;quot;purificación&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T21:32:52.023" Title="¿Qué término se usa en psicología para &quot;closure&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-20T04:39:51.673" Score="1" ViewCount="5197" Body="&lt;p&gt;En uno de mis libros de gramática, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/769/whats-the-difference-between-debe-de-y-debe&quot;&gt;aquí en este stack post&lt;/a&gt; se dice reservar &quot;debe&quot; por instancias de dar órdenes u otro ocasión de influencia e instancias de hipótesis usar &quot;debe de&quot;. Es esto sólo una sugerencia que a menudo puede pasar por alto sin perder ningún sentido? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No ves que está muy sola? Tienes que hablarle», le aconsejó ella.&#xA;  «¿Qué quieres que le diga, Blanca? Es como una marciana», masculló él,&#xA;  pero &lt;strong&gt;debe haberlo&lt;/strong&gt; pensado mejor, porque ahora en vez de abrumarme con&#xA;  charlas académicas de antropología, como hacía al principio, indaga&#xA;  sobre mi pasado y así, de a poco, vamos hilando ideas y conociéndonos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got my answer from the comment about the linked RAE, which currently is broken. The (de) is optional for hypothesis but not vice versa.&#xA;For instance the following from the same text could not contain de: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuvimos de acuerdo en que yo &lt;strong&gt;debo practicar&lt;/strong&gt;, así es que normalmente&#xA;  tratamos de hablar en castellano, pero pronto empezamos a mezclar los&#xA;  idiomas en la misma frase y acabamos en espánglis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T05:26:17.267" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T05:26:17.267" Title="Por qué se usa &quot;debe haber&quot; en lugar de &quot;debe de haber&quot; en este ejemplo de hipótesis?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-04-20T05:25:07.207" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20600" CreationDate="2017-04-20T05:05:24.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quedar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &amp;quot;be,&amp;quot; while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quedarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &amp;quot;stay, remain.&amp;quot;  Linguée has some good examples &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=quedar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(1)&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=quedarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(2)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El museo &lt;strong&gt;queda&lt;/strong&gt; lejos del hotel.  &lt;em&gt;The museum is a long way from the hotel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nos quedamos&lt;/strong&gt; en el hotel tres días.  &lt;em&gt;We stayed at the hotel for three days.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los niños no pudieron &lt;strong&gt;quedarse&lt;/strong&gt; quietos justo antes del recreo.  &lt;em&gt;The children could not stay still just before recess.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me quedé&lt;/strong&gt; en casa para cuidar al gato.  &lt;em&gt;I remained at home to take care of the cat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T05:05:24.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20604" CreationDate="2017-04-20T05:18:14.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fin de historia&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;el fin de la historia&lt;/strong&gt;.  Yo conozco esta frase así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso es todo?  ¿Te vas, así nomás, sin discusiones, fin de historia? [End of story]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero podemos retomar esta frase para tu ejemplo también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's over (over) // Oh it doesn't mean it's closure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya [se] terminó la cosa // Ah, pero eso no quiere decir que sea fin de historia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto quiero decir que el capítulo no se ha cerrado todavía.  La historia sigue corriendo en la mente de la persona que no ha logrado hacer &lt;em&gt;closure&lt;/em&gt; todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir que lo inventé -- pero creo que funciona bastante bien.  Porque cuando aceptas que es fin de historia, no sigues dando vueltas y vueltas al asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T05:18:14.927" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2017-04-20T05:41:52.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Others have explained the theoretical distinction.  However, in practice,  &amp;quot;deber de&amp;quot; can be used as a slightly softer equivalent for &amp;quot;deber.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples found by googling the exact phrase &amp;quot;debes de&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 aspectos que debes de mantener en secreto siempre según la sabiduría Hindú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú debes de averiguarlo todo por ti mismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debes de aceptar que eres una canalla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué información debes tener en tu página, y cómo lo debes de demostrar?  [...] ¿Cuáles páginas debe de tener?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true that some of this is imperfect translating (primarily from English), but that's not the whole story, in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation of &lt;em&gt;softening&lt;/em&gt;: Unsoftened, we hear a strong expression of what must be done; softened, we hear something that sounds more like guidance than an order.  Or perhaps I should say, the person who adds &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; can at least hope that by doing so, he is coming across a bit less heavy-handed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(And then there's &lt;strong&gt;deberías de&lt;/strong&gt;....)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T05:41:52.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20617" CreationDate="2017-04-20T07:17:18.663" Score="6" ViewCount="592" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's try another edition of the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; tournament. This time I would like to propose a different approach to try to avoid the excessive abstraction of the sentences. So how about translating a dialogue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following dialogue is (arguably) the greatest and most famous spoiler in movie history. But fear not, I am quite sure you all have watched &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Star Wars Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; enough times to know the next quotes by heart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—I'll never join you!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —If you only knew the power of the Dark Side. Obi-Wan never told you what happened to your father.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —He told me enough! He told me you killed him!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No. I am your father.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —That's not true. That's impossible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Search your feelings, you know it to be true!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;202 characters&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the same dialogue as we could hear it in cinemas in Spain. It is useless to hide it so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Jamás me uniré a ti.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si conocieras el poder del Reverso Tenebroso. Obi-Wan no te dijo lo que le pasó a tu padre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Me dijo lo suficiente. Dijo que tú le mataste.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No. Yo soy tu padre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Eso no es verdad! ¡Es imposible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Examina tus sentimientos, sabes que es verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;198 characters&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The official Spanish translation has even less characters than the original version. But, can you squeeze it even more?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is translation-golf! &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;Follow the rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, explain your answers and have fun! And remember, &lt;em&gt;in just seven days, I can make you a champ!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final score:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aparente001&lt;/strong&gt;: 135 characters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diego&lt;/strong&gt;: 151 characters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fedorqui&lt;/strong&gt;: 162 characters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very little participation this time, I must say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:07:08.530" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:07:08.530" Title="Translation-golf of the greatest and most famous spoiler in movie history" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-20T07:44:37.040" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20609" CreationDate="2017-04-20T08:31:32.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;165&lt;/s&gt; 162 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Nunca me uniré a ti.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si supieras el poder del Lado Oscuro. Obi-Wan nunca te contó qué pasó a tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Me dijo harto: que tú lo mataste!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No. Yo soy tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Eso no es real! ¡Es imposible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ojea tu sentir, lo sabes cierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sé que suena algo aberrante lo de &lt;em&gt;Yo soy tu papá&lt;/em&gt;, pues lo de &lt;em&gt;Yo soy tu padre&lt;/em&gt; lo conocemos incluso los que no hemos visto las películas :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me suena haber oído hablar del &lt;em&gt;Lado Oscuro&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;em&gt;Dark Side&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rl3l8xg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para traducir &lt;em&gt;father&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;1. m. coloq. padre (‖ varón que ha engendrado o ejerce de padre)&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K2bf18r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;harto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para traducir &quot;enough&quot; (&lt;em&gt;3. adj. indef. cult. Mucho o abundante&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbVfLnt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en su segunda entrada para traducir &lt;em&gt;feelings&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;1. m. Sentimiento del ánimo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QxZ58KD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ojear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para traducir &lt;em&gt;search&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;3. tr. Lanzar ojeadas a algo.&lt;/em&gt;), si bien estoy pensando en usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=325q68I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aojar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; pues parece encajar mejor con el significado de &lt;em&gt;buscar&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;ojear&lt;/em&gt; proporciona solo levemente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evolución:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De 165 a 162 cambiando &lt;em&gt;sabes que es verdad&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;lo sabes cierto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T10:00:21.673" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T10:00:21.673" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-20T08:31:32.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20604" CreationDate="2017-04-20T08:36:56.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el &lt;em&gt;closure&lt;/em&gt; de la canción y el término psicológico no se pueden traducir de la misma forma. En la canción yo lo traduciría simplemente como &lt;em&gt;fin&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya se ha acabado, pero no significa que sea el fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como término psicológico ya no sé exactamente qué expresión se usa, aunque podríamos decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner un punto y seguido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;un punto y aparte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, según como de dura sea la experiencia), como metáfora de que una parte de la historia de uno ha terminado, y hay que comenzar con la siguiente. En todo caso, tu opción de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pasar página&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no me parece mal, dado que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RRvUbbP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suceso, lance o episodio en el curso de una vida o de una empresa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pasar página&quot; significa, pues, terminar un episodio en la vida y empezar con el siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T13:17:01.447" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T13:17:01.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20594" CreationDate="2017-04-20T11:17:42.150" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/854669413785665537&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Preguntada a la RAE&lt;/a&gt; al respecto en Twitter si se usan los puntos suspensivos también para las interrupciones involuntarias del discurso. Me encanta la devoción que emplean para responder a todo el mundo. En una primera aproximación, &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/854977788570370048&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;su respuesta fue la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También. Se usan en el discurso interrumpido y al reanudarlo después. El inciso «interrumpe fulano» es muy útil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, validan la opción de añadir un inciso tal y como se refleja en mi último ejemplo. Tratando de profundizar un poco más, les pregunté &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/854980987863920640&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué pasa cuando no es posible insertar incisos&lt;/a&gt;, como es el caso de los subtítulos. &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/855015288336773121&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Su nueva respuesta fue&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También al redactar subtítulos: «—Me dij... —¡Cállate! —... Es que me dijo que... —¡He dicho que te calles!».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, definitivamente parece que sí, que los puntos suspensivos también se usan para interrupciones involuntarias del discurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T11:17:42.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2017-04-20T13:22:52.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Lo siento&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; means &quot;I feel it&quot;. Therefore can be used when you apologize for a mistake that you've made that make someone else feel bad. But it can also be used to express sympathy for something that is not your fault (a friend got sick for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Disculpe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be used as &quot;excuse-me&quot; when trying to pass someone in a crowd for example or to interrupt someone for a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Perdón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is asking for personal forgiveness. It could be for little issues like if you accidentally bumped someone or if you want someone to repeat something you did not hear correctly (or were not paying attention to). Or it could be used to ask forgiveness to more serious offenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16542" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T13:33:01.857" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T13:33:01.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20609" CreationDate="2017-04-20T13:55:30.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;159&lt;/s&gt; &lt;s&gt;157&lt;/s&gt; 151 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Jamás me uniré a ti.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si conocieses el poder del Lado Oscuro. Obi-wan calló qué pasó con tu padre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Le bastó decir que le mataste.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No. Soy tu padre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Falso. ¡Imposible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Reflexiona. Sabes que es cierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduzco el diálogo &lt;code&gt;Obi-Wan no te dijo lo que le pasó a tu padre. Me dijo lo suficiente. Dijo que tú le mataste.&lt;/code&gt; omitiendo al sujeto Obi-wan en el comentario de Luke. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mantengo &quot;padre&quot; aunque pierda un par de letras. Elimino el &quot;yo&quot; de &quot;yo soy tu padre&quot;. Ese &quot;yo&quot; tiene un claro énfasis en el mensaje durante la conversación, pero técnicamente no se necesita gracias a la conjugación del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cambio &lt;code&gt;Suficiente con decir que le mataste&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;Le bastó decir que le mataste&lt;/code&gt;, que me ahorro 6 letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T01:03:25.240" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T01:03:25.240" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-20T13:55:30.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-20T15:48:38.127" Score="0" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cómo lo entiendo ambas están en pasado pero ¿cuál es la diferencia? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16544" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T17:03:11.910" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T17:03:11.910" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre vivió y vivía?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-04-20T20:07:18.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20609" CreationDate="2017-04-20T19:39:36.913" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Confession: I have not seen the film.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;135&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Contigo, nunca!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si supieras el poder del Lado Oscuro.  Obi-Wan no te contó lo de tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Lo suficiente.  Que lo mataste.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No.  Soy yo tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡No!  ¡Imposible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Reflexiona, sabes que sí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 2&lt;/strong&gt;, responding to OP's feedback:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - First line, still keeping in mind the context (&quot;Join me, and I will complete your training&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Contigo, nunca!&lt;/em&gt; (12 instead of the 5 of &lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Restoring the Dark Side (switching to &lt;em&gt;supieras&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;conocieras&lt;/em&gt; to save space)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si supieras el poder del Lado Oscuro. (net gain of 4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 1&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up the line of dialogue right before this excerpt begins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vader: There is no escape! Don't make me destroy you. Luke, you do not yet realize your importance. You've only begun to discover your power! Join me, and I will complete your training! With our combined strength, we can end this destructive conflict, and bring order to the galaxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am modifying my first line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Jamás!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would brings it down to 123.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response to Carlos's request for clarification:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Introduction: I recently heard an interview with Carrie Fisher, an actor who played a key role in at least the first film of the series.  Terry Gross asked her if she had ever felt bothered during her career by badly written dialogue.  Carrie gave a line from the first Star Wars film as an example of wooden dialogue.  So I started today's game from the assumption that the dialogue was wooden, tried to absorb the basic idea of each line, and go from there.  (I asked my son for the names of the characters.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;rechazar: I think the conversation prior to &quot;I'll never join you&quot; must be Vader trying to recruit Luke for the Dark Side.  So I figure &quot;I'll never join you&quot; could be boiled down to &quot;no way -- never.&quot;  But for the game, we don't have the benefit of the context (recruitment attempt), so &quot;Ni madres&quot; is not an option.  I chose &quot;Te rechazo&quot; as a simplified version of &quot;I reject your club (the Dark Side) and I will never change my mind about this.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reflexionar: I made a mistake.  When I wrote &lt;em&gt;refleja&lt;/em&gt;, I meant to say &lt;em&gt;reflexiona&lt;/em&gt;. If I weren't trying to conserve space, I would translate &quot;search your feelings&quot; as &quot;ponte a pensar.&quot;  This is actually only one more character, so if &lt;em&gt;reflexiona&lt;/em&gt; is not to people's liking, I could change this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Poder Oscuro: It seems to me that &quot;el poder del Lado Oscuro&quot; and &quot;el Poder Oscuro&quot; amount to the same thing.  However, as I am not steeped in Star Wars culture.  I could change this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Original post:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My translation: I felt it would be cheating to read the other answers first, so here goes:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Te rechazo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si conocieras el Poder Oscuro.  Obi-Wan no te contó lo de tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Lo suficiente.  Que lo mataste.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No.  Soy yo tu papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡No!  ¡Imposible!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Refleja, sabes que sí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T08:35:02.500" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T08:35:02.500" CommentCount="18" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-20T19:39:36.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T01:20:05.593" Score="3" ViewCount="4372" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Son equivalentes estas expresiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que la construcción con infinitivo se usa intercambiablemente con la de &lt;em&gt;haber + pasado participio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T02:53:21.133" Title="&quot;Gracias por venir&quot; y &quot;gracias por haber venido&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-04-21T07:29:52.370" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20619" CreationDate="2017-04-21T01:43:51.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, son prácticamente equivalentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma &amp;quot;haber + participio&amp;quot; (como &lt;em&gt;haber venido&lt;/em&gt;) es lo que se llama un &lt;strong&gt;infinitivo compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;. Suele (aunque no siempre) indicar anterioridad a un momento dado. No hay mucha diferencia entre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por haber venido // Gracias por venir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias a ti por haberme invitado // Gracias por invitarme&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los usos del infinitivo compuesto son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complementar al verbo principal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se disculpó por haber olvidado la fiesta cumpleaños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reconoció haber olvidado por completo la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complementar (explicar) un adjetivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba encantado de haber ido a la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba contento de haber tenido tantos invitados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expresar anterioridad/posterioridad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue a la fiesta después de haber hecho los deberes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue de dormir después de haberse lavado los dientes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expresar gratitud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por haberme ayudado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por haber venido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T02:03:59.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20619" CreationDate="2017-04-21T02:53:21.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la diferencia está en que con &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, se entiende que la acción está completa, o está más remota en el tiempo.  Por ejemplo, cuando llegas a mi fiesta, te digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Gracias por venir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y tú me dices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Gracias por invitarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al otro día, si nos encontramos en el supermercado, el diálogo podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Gracias por organizar la fiesta.  La pasé muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Pero gracias a tí por haberme dado la idea de festejar el fin de curso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esta distinción no es muy estricta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T02:53:21.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T03:10:39.343" Score="3" ViewCount="3085" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina he visto que utilizan la palabra &lt;em&gt;tirada&lt;/em&gt; para algún evento, pero no sé cuál es exactamente el uso. O sea, he escuchado que dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Vamos a la tirada de la Marti?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me invitaron a una tirada, vamos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me dice lo que es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16548" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T12:40:14.547" Title="¿Qué significa la palabra &quot;tirada&quot; en Argentina?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20622" CreationDate="2017-04-21T07:44:35.647" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una &quot;tirada&quot; de huevos. Marti cumple los 15 así que van los amigos a su casa y le tiran huevos, harina y demás. Se usa acá en Mendoza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Post original:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto, coincido con guifa en que parece que se refieren a una fiesta. En todo caso, debe de ser un neologismo bastante reciente y usado en la expresión oral principalmente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado estos textos escritos en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corpes-xxi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES XXI&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tamara tiene laburo, eh. Atendió a cinco personas, no sé cuánto cobra la &lt;strong&gt;tirada&lt;/strong&gt; pero para un sábado no está mal, aunque a lo mejor es como las peluquerías que los sábados trabajan más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Ardohain, &quot;Los incógnitos&quot;, 2011 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Sabés que es soltera? Tenía un escote muy generoso, bueno... usted sabe que a mí me gustan las mujeres contundentes, ¿no? Me dijo lo de la &lt;strong&gt;tirada&lt;/strong&gt; gratis, quedamos en que el miércoles me la hace, que es el día en que estamos los dos, así no tengo que dejar solo el local.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Ardohain, &quot;Los incógnitos&quot;, 2011 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos ejemplos, sacados del mismo libro, parece que &lt;em&gt;tirada&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;servicio&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;trabajo&lt;/em&gt;, y más concretamente yo diría que a un servicio sexual. A fin de cuentas, &quot;tirada&quot; es la acción de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zr3ZJPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tirar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, y este verbo usado como pronominal (&quot;tirarse&quot;) significa &quot;poseer sexualmente a alguien&quot;. [Nota: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/argentina/comments/66no8q/qu%C3%A9_significa_la_palabra_tirada_en_argentina/dgk3o6e/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Reddit aclaran&lt;/a&gt; que se refiere a una felación.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es así, no veo demasiado descabellado que al ser una palabra de carácter &quot;festivo&quot; se haya expandido su significado hasta significar &quot;fiesta&quot; en general. A menos que no se refiera a una &quot;fiesta&quot; cualquiera, sino a una orgía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He preguntado en todo caso en el Reddit de Argentina (aunque primero me tienen que aceptar el &lt;em&gt;post&lt;/em&gt;). Si mis sospechas se confirman, los comentarios allí pueden ser de lo más divertido...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más averiguaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, la voz &lt;em&gt;tirársele (a alguien)&lt;/em&gt; significa en Argentina &quot;hacerle una declaración amorosa a una persona&quot;. Así que &quot;una tirada&quot; podría ser una fiesta de pedida de mano, o algo así.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primeros comentarios de Reddit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El primer comentario dice que al ver la frase automáticamente pensó en una tirada de cerveza artesanal, pero que puede que no sea eso. Mucho me temo que para entender la palabra vamos a necesitar un contexto más detallado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acaba de aparecer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/argentina/comments/66no8q/qu%C3%A9_significa_la_palabra_tirada_en_argentina/dgk1qj1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un comentario&lt;/a&gt; que puede que haya dado en el clavo (negritas mías &lt;em&gt;one more time&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es una &quot;tirada&quot; de huevos.&lt;/strong&gt; Marti cumple los 15 así que van los amigos a su casa y le tiran huevos, harina y demás. Se usa acá en Mendoza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tienes &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariouno.com.ar/pais/cada-vez-son-mas-violentos-los-ritos-los-cumpleanos-20151129-n37719.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo de prensa&lt;/a&gt; que habla sobre lo violentos que se están volviendo los ritos al cumplir los 15 allí en Argentina, y hablan de &quot;la tirada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“La tirada”, destinada a chicas que cumplen 15 años, consiste en preparar mezclas desagradables que incluyen productos vencidos o podridos, huevos, vinagre, sumado en algunos casos, caca de perros y pis de algunos de los adolescentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T12:40:14.547" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T12:40:14.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21031" CreationDate="2017-04-21T14:34:56.683" Score="5" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanoam%C3%A9rica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hispanoamérica&lt;/a&gt; define aquellos países de América donde se habla español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KW5espe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hispanoamericano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Natural de Hispanoamérica, conjunto de los países americanos donde el español es la lengua oficial. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto incluye buena parte de los países de América del Sur, casi todos los de América Central (menos Belize) y algunos del Caribe. &lt;sup&gt;Lista abajo&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latinoamérica&lt;/a&gt;, que designa los países de América donde se habla (nótese que no se menciona la oficialidad) alguna lengua derivada del latín. A saber, español, portugués y francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el otro día &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20571/1674&quot;&gt;tuvimos un pequeño debate con DGaleano y aparente001&lt;/a&gt; sobre cuál podría ser la palabra para designar otro concepto similar. Mirando en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1386/1674&quot;&gt;Latinoamérica, Hispanoamérica, or Sudamérica?&lt;/a&gt; veo definiciones interesantes, pero ninguna encaja con lo solicitado. Dado que no llegamos a ninguna conclusión convincente, os pregunto: ¿existe algún sustantivo que designe los países de América del Sur donde se habla español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanoam%C3%A9rica#Pa.C3.ADses_americanos_de_habla_hispana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Países americanos de habla hispana&lt;/a&gt; son: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, República Dominicana, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, Uruguay y Venezuela.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visualmente, esta es la distinción entre Hispanoamérica, Latinoamérica, Sudamérica e Iberoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Tmrgc.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Tmrgcm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/elOrdenMundial/status/964141037542428672&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sacado de Twitter&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:23:59.837" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra para definir los países de América del Sur donde el español es la lengua oficial?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20627" CreationDate="2017-04-21T16:02:01.657" Score="2" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pocas veces salía a ver un enfermo en un día de guardar, &lt;strong&gt;como no fuera&#xA;  de extrema urgencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais ayudar a identificar la función sintáctica de la frase en negrita por favor? Diría que es una frase condicional (en caso de que se pueda sustituir la parte &quot;como no fuera&quot; por &quot;a no ser que&quot;). ¿O me estoy equivocando? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T20:09:07.783" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T20:09:07.783" Title="Frase encabezada por “como” – función sintáctica" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20626" CreationDate="2017-04-21T17:34:18.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás en lo correcto. Es una forma en desuso de usar &quot;como&quot;, pero aparece bastante en literatura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que corresponde a la acepción 15 que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWAAKF%7C9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aparece en la rae&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. desus. Sustituía a que para introducir una subordinada. Sabrás como hemos llegado sin novedad. U. actualmente solo con ciertos&#xA;  verbos. Sal con ellos y verás como lo pasas muy bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reemplazando &quot;como&quot; por &quot;que&quot; queda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pocas veces salía a ver un enfermo en un día de guardar, que no fuera&#xA;  de extrema urgencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="558" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T17:34:18.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21097" CreationDate="2017-04-21T19:39:08.737" Score="1" ViewCount="943" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las gramáticas del español dicen que el verbo en oraciones causales va con el subjuntivo, si la causa está negada. Aquí tengo un ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No podemos vernos &lt;strong&gt;no sólo porque&lt;/strong&gt; mis padres me lo &lt;strong&gt;prohíben&lt;/strong&gt; sino porque&#xA;  no te quiero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si en este caso usamos el indicativo porque la razón es real. Entonces aunque “porque” va precedido por “sólo” eso no cambia nada, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T10:27:50.033" Title="No porque + subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20604" CreationDate="2017-04-21T21:32:52.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la canción de Graham fue lo que me animó a investigar el término un poco más, quizá no sea el ejemplo más representativo del uso de &amp;quot;closure&amp;quot; en psicología (o yo no lo interpreté bien).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ha hecho falta preguntarle a un psicólogo (licenciado y colegiado) para entender que, de acuerdo a la definicion de wikipedia, el termino correcto seria &amp;quot;certeza&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;necesidad de certidumbre&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An individual's desire for a firm answer to a question and an aversion toward ambiguity. (Definición de &lt;em&gt;psicological closure&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesidad de buscar certeza, no tolerar incertidumbre ni ambiguedad, y buscar reaseguración (que me confirmen si algo es así o no).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8OPnJP9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;certeza&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Conocimiento seguro y claro de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Firme adhesión de la mente a algo conocible, sin temor de errar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El termino &amp;quot;certeza&amp;quot; se emplea en psicología como tal, aunque parece ser que también existe el más llamativo &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;necesidad de cierre cognitivo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá la canción hace uso de de una definición &amp;quot;tradicional&amp;quot; de &lt;code&gt;closure&lt;/code&gt; (frente al uso del término en psicología) definido como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sense of resolution or conclusion at the end of an artistic work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que sí podría traducirse como &lt;code&gt;cierre&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;clausura&lt;/code&gt;, &amp;quot;necesidad de cierre&amp;quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T21:32:52.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20630" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T21:34:21.650" Score="1" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've generated the following translations for these two sentences, but they don't quite sound right to me. I'd like some feedback!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After the pink progress bar disappears, you must restart the device to complete the upgrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de desaparecer la barra de progreso de color rosa, reinicie el dispositivo para completar la actualización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The process may take several minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El proceso puede durar varios minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want the text to sound too robotic or formal. How would this sound in conversational Mexican Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16558" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T13:46:27.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T13:46:27.677" Title="Translating &quot;The process may take several minutes.&quot; into Mexican Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20630" CreationDate="2017-04-22T00:32:49.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After the pink progress bar disappears, you must restart the device to complete the upgrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de que la barra de progreso rosa desaparezca, debe reiniciar el dispositivo para completar la actualización&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The process may take several minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El proceso puede tardar varios minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, it's a little formal, and informal at the same time, yo can see the translation covering both sides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T00:32:49.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20635" CreationDate="2017-04-22T09:58:32.433" Score="2" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos la situación siguiente: una persona explica a la otra las reglas de juego de naipes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contra la banca nunca juegue, y si te toca ese puesto &lt;strong&gt;porque lo echen&#xA;  a suertes&lt;/strong&gt;, empieza el juego con una apuesta lo más baja posible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me cuesta explicar el uso del subjuntivo en esta oración. Si es una oración causal (en su forma afirmativa),  el verbo debería ir en el indicativo, ¿no? ¿O tal vez tenga cierto matiz condicional o hipotético y signifique presuposición o posibilidad/probabilidad?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T08:42:01.673" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T14:43:30.893" Title="¿Cómo explicar el uso del subjuntivo en la frase &quot;Contra la banca nunca juegue, y si te toca ese puesto porque lo echen a suertes, ...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20641" CreationDate="2017-04-22T15:18:42.757" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google translate has, &quot;No hace falta ser un dios para ayudar.&quot; and to my limited understanding that sounds okay, but I have no idea. This would be US Mexican Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-04-22T16:04:04.897" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T02:51:28.190" Title="How does one say, &quot;No need to be a god to help&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20633" CreationDate="2017-04-22T17:27:36.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Convengamos que lo correcto sería utilizar el indicativo en esa proposición adverbial de causa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contra la banca nunca juegues, y si te &lt;strong&gt;toca&lt;/strong&gt; ese puesto porque lo &lt;strong&gt;echan&lt;/strong&gt; a suertes, empieza el juego con una apuesta lo más baja posible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observo que el modo de esa adverbial de causa, que está a su vez incluida dentro de una adverbial de condición, sería subjuntivo si, en lugar de ser de condicional, la proposición adverbial mayor fuera temporal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contra la banca nunca juegues, y cuando te &lt;strong&gt;toque&lt;/strong&gt; ese puesto porque lo &lt;strong&gt;echen&lt;/strong&gt; a suertes, empieza el juego con una apuesta lo más baja posible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría -- debería, con más tiempo, investigarlo más a fondo, pero mi sentido común de hablante nativo en principio la confirmaría -- es que en la proposición causal en cuestión se usa subjuntivo (aunque lo normal sería indicativo) porque el hablante desea imprimirle el sentido futuro o probable que caracteriza a las temporales y que, por razones gramaticales, no se traduce en el uso del subjuntivo en las condicionales de tiempo presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas adverbiales, la condicional &quot;si te toca ese puesto&quot; y la temporal &quot;cuando te toque ese puesto&quot;, apuntan al futuro, pero con distintos modos. Mi impresión es que ese sentido futuro (más comúnmente expresado por el subjuntivo) se traslada &lt;strong&gt;en forma excepcional&lt;/strong&gt; a la adverbial causal cuando ésta está embebida en la condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, resulta interesante observar cómo la causal adopta el modo de la adverbial que la contiene: indicativo/indicativo, o subjuntivo/subjuntivo. Estoy seguro de que existe alguna norma al respecto, y si así no fuera, pues creémosla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T14:43:30.893" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T14:43:30.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20639" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20640" CreationDate="2017-04-22T23:20:51.793" Score="0" ViewCount="833" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a verb or phrasal verb which is equivalent to the (slang) English &lt;em&gt;ravage&lt;/em&gt; in the sexual sense, as in to engage in sex acts aggressively or with extreme physical desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, would it make any sense to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él quiere &lt;em&gt;arrasarla&lt;/em&gt; esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've checked SpanishDict and Linguee but they only give the more literal sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15389" LastEditorUserId="12" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T07:29:51.127" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T08:40:55.893" Title="Verb translation &quot;ravage sexually&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20639" CreationDate="2017-04-23T02:41:08.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi lo más cercano que se me ocurre sería la expresión &quot;darle lo suyo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él quiere &lt;strong&gt;darle lo suyo&lt;/strong&gt; esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá no tenga todas las connotaciones de &lt;em&gt;intensidad&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;agresividad&lt;/em&gt; que tiene &lt;code&gt;ravage&lt;/code&gt;, pero al igual que esta es el contexto lo que te da a entender que está siendo usada de manera coloquial. Es curioso que a diferencia de otros términos el uso no es un eufemismo para el sexo, si no que se sobreentiende que se refiere al sexo y se usa el término precisamente por tener ciertas connotaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo la misma regla podrías usa &quot;dar para el pelo&quot;, que es algo que viene a significar &quot;dar su merecido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando llegue a casa con las notas, mi padre me va a dar para el pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito sexual &quot;dar para el pelo&quot; tendría esas connotaciones de agresividad e intensidad que buscas. Hay otras expresiones para el sexo (no me refiero solo a &lt;em&gt;follar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Poner a alguien &quot;mirando a Cuenca&quot; es otra forma de referirse al acto sexual, pero no creo que necesariamente implique esa intensidad física que buscas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él quiere &lt;strong&gt;ponerla mirando a Cuenca&lt;/strong&gt; esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Él quiere &lt;strong&gt;matarla a polvos&lt;/strong&gt; esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es más &quot;física y agresiva&quot; como pide la pregunta, pero también una expresión un poco chabacana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último (casi a modo de anécdota), creo que la expresión más &quot;salvaje&quot; que yo he oído nunca usar a alguien sobre el tema fue un &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; La va a dejar &lt;em&gt;albina&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T02:41:08.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20634" CreationDate="2017-04-23T02:51:28.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;No hace falta ser un dios para ayudar&lt;/code&gt; is the literal translation of &amp;quot;no need to be a god to help&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try to use &lt;code&gt;todopoderoso&lt;/code&gt; (almighty) if you want to leave God or nay other gods aout of the ecuation and just convey the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hace falta ser &lt;strong&gt;todopoderoso&lt;/strong&gt; para ayudar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hace falta ser Superman para ayudar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the context in which you'll be using this, but I'm proposing different way of saying &amp;quot;you don't need amazing nearly impossible qualities in order to help&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for similar ways to say the same, check &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14967/5481&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;¿Cómo decir “it's not rocket science” en castellano?&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; where&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser una lumbrera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay que ser un genio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hace falta ser Einstein&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;among other expressions are suggested for &amp;quot;you don't need to be &lt;strong&gt;supersmart&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. You could use other famous people to convey that you don't need to be superrich to help, or whatever needed skill could fit better in your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T02:51:28.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20534" CreationDate="2017-04-23T03:05:58.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como de costumbre, el blog de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-tirarse-a-la-bartola/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; nos aclara el origen de la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la procedencia de la expresión tendría lugar en la celebración de &lt;strong&gt;San Bartolomé&lt;/strong&gt;, que se celebra el 24 de agosto. Para esa fecha las cosechas terminaban y &lt;strong&gt;comenzaba un periodo de descanso y festejos&lt;/strong&gt; hasta que, unos días después, diese comienzo la vendimia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T03:05:58.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20639" CreationDate="2017-04-23T04:47:27.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought I would start by double-checking the definitions of the English word &lt;em&gt;ravage&lt;/em&gt;, to make sure I have the idea clear in my mind, before looking for an equivalent expression in Spanish.  But I ran into a problem: I couldn't find a definition remotely matching &quot;engage in sex acts aggressively&quot; or &quot;engage in sex acts with extreme physical desire.&quot;  However, I'm aware that romance novels do use the word that way, and in the Urban Dictionary at least one opinion backs up these meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I will set aside &quot;ravage&quot; and go back to your definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Engage in sex acts aggressively&quot; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;violar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Engage in sex acts with extreme physical desire&quot; --&gt; &lt;em&gt;tener relaciones sexuales con deseo intenso o desesperado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Of course, there are more vulgar ways of expressing &quot;tener relaciones sexuales,&quot; which could be combined with &lt;em&gt;deseo intenso&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T04:47:27.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20645" CreationDate="2017-04-23T10:29:39.440" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo la ventaja de oir los voces cuando no es claro quien habla.&#xA;uno chico, se llama Ricardo fue detenido. Su Madre dice a Daniel, un amiga de Ricardo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Ricardo está en la comisaría — dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿Qué ha pasado? —pregunta Daniel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Lo han arrestado. Dicen que ha robado en un supermercado con&#xA;Federico y otro. Ahora mismo voy... Quería saber... ¿Me puedes&#xA;acompañar, Daniel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Sí claro, voy contigo —dice él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llama a Julia y le cuenta lo que ha pasado. (narrator speaking)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— De acuerdo, no te preocupes por mí —dice Julia—. &lt;strong&gt;Apenas&#xA;acabas, ven.&lt;/strong&gt; (julia still speaking)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede significar &amp;quot;As soon as you are done, come see me&amp;quot; o algo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T12:24:15.480" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;apenas acabas, ven&quot; en este caso y por lo general?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20644" CreationDate="2017-04-23T12:24:15.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It indeed means &lt;code&gt;As soon as you are done, come see me&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=38BNs6H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apenas&lt;/a&gt; can have the meaning of &lt;code&gt;as soon as&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adv. &lt;strong&gt;en cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ inmediatamente después). Apenas bajé a la calle, se puso a llover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to say that I would have favored &lt;em&gt;subjuntive&lt;/em&gt; for the verb tense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apenas &lt;em&gt;acabes&lt;/em&gt;, ven&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the use of the present tense gives some sense of urgency to the statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So depending on the country, you couls also hear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto &lt;em&gt;termines&lt;/em&gt;, ven&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto &lt;em&gt;hayas acabado&lt;/em&gt;, ven&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T12:24:15.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20647" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20648" CreationDate="2017-04-23T18:02:07.820" Score="3" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, en un discurso puedes decir, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to say to you &lt;em&gt;(singular)&lt;/em&gt; tonight that we must take action... you all (plural) must be strong&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, puedes mezclar el singular &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y el plural &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, y a nadie le importaría. ¿Es lo mismo en español? O se prefiere usar una sola forma, con consistencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo se traduce más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero decirte &lt;em&gt;(singular)&lt;/em&gt; esta noche que debemos hacer algo... tienen (plural) que ser fuerte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T20:35:52.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T20:35:52.677" Title="Cuando des un discurso, ¿deberías usar el singular tú o el plural vosotros?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20647" CreationDate="2017-04-23T18:20:13.467" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bajo mi punto de vista, en general se debe hablar en la segunda persona del plural. &#xA;Sólo en determinadas ocasiones puedes hablar en segunda persona del singular para referirte a los asistentes de una manera más personal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es Josep Bernad y esta noche quiero &lt;strong&gt;transmitiros&lt;/strong&gt; mis pensamientos [...] y si tú, chico de 20-30 años, &lt;strong&gt;quieres&lt;/strong&gt; crear una empresa, ¡adelante! ¡&lt;strong&gt;Persigue&lt;/strong&gt; tus sueños!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16573" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T18:27:40.377" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T18:27:40.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T04:47:49.870" Score="6" ViewCount="875" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dudas sobre cómo es la forma de escribir un agradecimiento a una persona de nombre Antonio, cuyo sobrenombre es &quot;L&quot;. Un compañero afirma que debe ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio &amp;lt;&amp;lt; L &gt;&gt; por su amistad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, creo que está incorrecto. ¿Esta es la forma correcta o debe ser otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16577" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T11:33:19.563" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T11:46:53.253" Title="Cómo escribir sobrenombres" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T05:19:53.763" Score="2" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en este frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jenny le está escribiendo una carta a su padre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se necesita &quot;le&quot; cuando el objeto indirecto (su padre) es tan obvio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="15341" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T05:31:44.973" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T05:31:44.973" Title="¿Por qué se usa pronombre indirecto de objetos cuando existe el objeto indirecto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2017-04-24T08:44:01.540" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20649" CreationDate="2017-04-24T08:32:34.073" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que dice tu compañero está &lt;em&gt;basado en hechos reales&lt;/em&gt;, pero no es correcto tal como nos lo copias. Es decir: es correcto e incluso recomendable usar las llamadas &lt;em&gt;comillas españolas&lt;/em&gt; cuando el apodo está entre nombre y apellido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio «L» García por su amistad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, este signo es parecido al &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; que pones en tu mensaje, pero no igual. El problema de las comillas españolas es que no suelen estar en los teclados de los ordenadores, por lo que hoy día no se usan con mucha frecuencia, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=comillas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pese a ser las recomendadas por la RAE&lt;/a&gt;. Puedes usar perfectamente las comillas altas en su lugar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio &quot;L&quot; García por su amistad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente puedes sustituir las comillas por la letra cursiva, recurso cada vez más usado hoy día:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; García por su amistad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si el apodo se escribe en solitario, o bien al principio o final del nombre, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/apodos-y-aliasescritura-correcta-559/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo adecuado es escribirlo sin más&lt;/a&gt;, a veces separándolo con comas por claridad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio, L, por su amistad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en tu caso se deberían usar las comas o no, depende de la naturaleza del apodo. Si es un sobrenombre es decir, se suele usar &lt;em&gt;además&lt;/em&gt; del nombre, lo habitual es que no se usen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Isabel la Católica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es un apodo, es decir, se usa habitualmente &lt;em&gt;en lugar&lt;/em&gt; del nombre, muchas veces sí se usan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Leopoldo Alas, Clarín&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero otras no, sobre todo cuando el apodo empieza por un artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael Álvarez el Brujo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T11:47:53.963" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T11:47:53.963" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20653" CreationDate="2017-04-24T14:35:07.207" Score="4" ViewCount="7746" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando la espléndida &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQ4zObtAOuI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi Confesión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del grupo argentino Gotan Project. Ya iba por la tercera en bucle cuando recordé que siempre me sorprendió cómo acaba la primera parte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1747613&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la letra&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hablo de amor... sé que la extraño, de mis actos en vida soy dueño,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero me calla el dolor por el daño, y es como un sueño dentro de otro sueño.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Apuesto a pleno pero de callado, cada uno en la suya, yo ando rayado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sigo esperando sentado... que esta vez el destino no me deje plantado...no...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que no me deje plantado... no nena.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Escúchame bien... no es &lt;strong&gt;chamuyo&lt;/strong&gt;...es amor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto de &lt;em&gt;chamuyo&lt;/em&gt; nunca lo había oído, así que hoy me dio por buscarlo. El Diccionario de americanismos dice que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=SpZ7m0svpx0ASqy3iX3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chamuyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. Pe, Ch, Bo, Ar, Ur. Palabrería que tiene el propósito de impresionar o convencer. pop + cult → espon. (chamullo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Bo, Ar, Ur. Conversación susurrada o en voz baja. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  m. Ch, Ar. Acción o asunto de dudosa moralidad o legalidad. pop + cult → espon. (chamullo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y después:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=98S53oJYqx0ADhO7EpD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chamullo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  Pe, Ch, Bo, Ar, Ur. chamuyo, palabrería que busca impresionar. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  Ar. chamuyo, asunto de dudosa moralidad. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ch. Tejemaneje, enredo poco claro. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  Ch. Mentira, especialmente la usada para justificarse. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el grupo es de Argentina, me da la sensación que aplica la definición &lt;em&gt;Palabrería que tiene el propósito de impresionar o convencer&lt;/em&gt;, algo así como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HdnxIzT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;farol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;4. m. Hecho o dicho jactancioso que carece de fundamento.&lt;/em&gt; Marcarse, tirarse un farol). Sin embargo, tengo mis dudas sobre si es o no el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Algún argentino podría dar su explicación al respecto, así como el contexto en el que se usa? Al fin y al cabo en el contexto de la canción se ve coloquial, pero el DAMER también menciona &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20572/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cult&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:50:17.263" Title="¿Qué es el &quot;chamuyo&quot; en la letra de Gotan Project que dice &quot;no es chamuyo, es amor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20652" CreationDate="2017-04-24T14:52:09.413" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?chamuyo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;chamuyo&lt;/em&gt; es parte del argot lunfardo argentino y se refiere a la conversación que le hace un hombre a una mujer para llevarla a la cama, o la conversación trivial que hacen las personas para llenar huecos de silencio. La palabra &lt;em&gt;chamuyo&lt;/em&gt; viene del verbo caló (dialecto de gitanos españoles) &lt;em&gt;chamullar&lt;/em&gt;, donde significa &quot;conversar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chamuyar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; (2.ª definición):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decir requiebros a otra persona con el propósito de seducirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de buscar entre &lt;em&gt;chamuyos&lt;/em&gt; y piropos el &lt;em&gt;chamuyo&lt;/em&gt; puede ser considerado a veces como un piropo &quot;denso&quot;. Pero él lo que siente es amor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T06:54:47.330" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T06:54:47.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T18:42:56.627" Score="3" ViewCount="35974" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I correctly say &quot;I don't speak Spanish&quot; in Spanish (not just in Latin America but also in Spain). Google translate suggests &quot;Mi no habla espanol&quot; but I have been told that that is incorrect and the correct form in fact is &quot;No hablo espanol&quot;. I'm confused, are they both acceptable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16583" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T20:41:24.270" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T13:29:43.393" Title="What is the correct Spanish translation of &quot;I don't Speak Spanish&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20655" CreationDate="2017-04-24T19:16:15.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(yo) no hablo español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P9rNqLB%7CP9tBea9%7CP9vG3X8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mi&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es un adjetivo posesivo que tiene el significado de &quot;mío&quot; (&lt;em&gt;mine&lt;/em&gt; en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cCEHAgu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es un pronombre personal (stands for &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; en inglés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablo&quot; es la conjugación en primera persona del singular de indicativo, (I speak) mientras que &quot;habla&quot; no es una conjugación de primera persona. Puede ser tercera de presente de indicativo (&quot;él habla&quot;) o segunda de imperativo (&quot;habla tú&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for those who prefer it, here is an English version of this answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct form is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(yo) no hablo español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mi&quot; is a possessive adjective used to talk about &quot;my&quot; something, or something that is &quot;mine.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo&quot; is a personal (subject) pronoun (&lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hablo&quot; is the first person singular conjugation of the verb &quot;hablar,&quot; in the present tense (indicative).  &quot;Habla&quot; wouldn't be correct for this.  It could be the third person conjugation.  Or it could be the informal imperative (ordering someone to talk: &quot;Talk!&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T06:23:10.110" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T06:23:10.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2128" CreationDate="2017-04-25T01:39:37.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, there are actually 3 terms in Spanish: &quot;Temblores&quot;, &quot;Sismos&quot;, and &quot;Terremotos&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Temblor(es)&quot; and &quot;Sismo(s)&quot; are interchangeable and depending on the country it might be more common to use one or the other. &#xA;These both refer to earthquakes that cause little to no societal/economic damage (e.g. deaths, injuries, property damage, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earthquakes are deemed &quot;Terremotos&quot; when they cause considerable societal/economic damage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as Miguel noted &quot;Temblores&quot; can refer to any shaking of the ground, whereas &quot;Sismos&quot; and &quot;Temblores&quot; are geological events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16586" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T01:39:37.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2128" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:04:59.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes que todo, existen muchas formas aceptadas para referirse a los terremotos: movimiento telúrico, sismo, seísmo, temblor, sacudida, temblor de tierra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el español culto informal son sinónimos, en el español de América Latina se hace una diferencia en cuanto a la magnitud del movimiento para Temblor o Terremoto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;temblor&#xA;  De temblar.&#xA;  1. m. Acción y efecto de temblar.&#xA;  2. m. Terremoto de escasa intensidad.&#xA;  3. m. Am. terremoto (‖ sacudida de la corteza terrestre).&#xA;  temblor de tierra&#xA;  1. m. terremoto (‖ sacudida de la corteza terrestre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, terremoto, hace referencia a la acción simple del movimiento de tierra sin considerar magnitud, según la RAE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;terremoto&#xA;  Del lat. terraemōtus.&#xA;  1. m. Sacudida violenta de la corteza y manto terrestres, ocasionada por fuerzas que actúan en el interior de la Tierra.&#xA;  2. m. Conmoción ocasionada por un suceso grave o inesperado.&#xA;  3. m. coloq. Persona inquieta, o que se mueve mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, lo correcto es decir sismo o seísmo. (RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;seísmo&#xA;  Del fr. séisme, y este del gr. σεισμός seismós.&#xA;  1. m. terremoto (‖ sacudida de la corteza terrestre). U. t. en sent. fig.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sismo&#xA;  Del gr. σεισμός seismós.&#xA;  1. m. terremoto (‖ sacudida de la corteza terrestre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi país, Chile, el que tiene el triste récord de ser el país con más actividad sísmica en el mundo, se hace la diferencia entre temblor y terremoto cuando pasa los 7.5 Richter. &#xA;Tienes que tomar en consideración el contexto local en dónde se use la palabra temblor y terremoto, porque en Europa, Centro América, Estados Unidos, a sismos de 4.5 Richter son considerados como terremotos en el lenguaje formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:04:59.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20652" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:17:56.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile chamuyo/chamullo es un verbo coloquial y también un adjetivo. Por ejemplo, &quot;chamullar&quot; quiere decir: hablar con propiedad sobre algo que se está inventando en el momento, mintiendo con aplomo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él está chamullando, no le hagas caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él es un chamullento, no le hagas caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE acepta &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8WxTqlQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chamullar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para el uso amplio del español, pero para Uruguay y Argentina se precisa &lt;em&gt;chamuyar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8WxTqlQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chamullar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del caló &lt;em&gt;chamullar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. intr. coloq. hablar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. intr. coloq. Arg. y Ur. chamuyar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T07:50:17.263" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:50:17.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13371" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:21:14.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el diccionario formal español de la RAE, plebe(s) es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TO5Tg3q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;plebe&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;plebs&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plebis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Clase social más baja.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. En la antigua Roma, clase social que carecía de los privilegios de los patricios.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. En el pasado, clase social común, fuera de los nobles, eclesiásticos y militares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &quot;Plebes del Rancho&quot; se podría decir &quot;Los pobres del Rancho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14986" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T07:55:18.653" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:55:18.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20649" CreationDate="2017-04-25T11:46:53.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gorpik ha propuesto muchas e interesantes alternativas, pero me gustaría proponer otra &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fMYfjJoCHLJYrlZA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que comenta la RAE&lt;/a&gt; en su &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt;, epígrafe 12.8l:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se suele denominar ALIAS al tipo de seudónimo que algunos individuos emplean como nombre artístico o profesional, pero también como denominación que les atribuye el público: &lt;em&gt;la Chunga, el Cordobés, la Fornarina&lt;/em&gt;. [...] El término &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; se puede anteponer en estas construcciones al grupo nominal que introduce: &lt;em&gt;Sin embargo, el propio Sánchez, tras su captura, los identificó como Rolando de Jesús Sánchez Álvarez, alias el Gordo, y Gilberto Carrillo, alias Quénque&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Hora&lt;/em&gt; 14/11/2000).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego otra opción para lo que quieres expresar es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Antonio, alias L, por su amistad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, el apodo no necesita en este caso tampoco escribirse ni en cursiva ni entre comillas de ningún tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; en este tipo de construcciones es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1q3Mb6q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alias&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; 'de otro modo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Por otro nombre. &lt;em&gt;Alfonso Tostado, alias el Abulense.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa pues como un adverbio, antepuesto al seudónimo. En todo caso, la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; comenta que &quot;se utiliza &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; [...] en especial entre individuos que viven al margen de la ley&quot;, aunque aclara que &quot;estos usos no poseen necesariamente función descalificadora&quot;. Es decir, que se puede usar &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; con cualquier persona que tenga un apodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T11:46:53.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T11:58:46.837" Score="5" ViewCount="4338" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresiones &amp;quot;de el&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;a el&amp;quot; son contraíbles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Él vino de el campo&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Él vino del campo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Él se fue a el campo&amp;quot; -&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Él se fue al campo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con excepción de cuando &amp;quot;El&amp;quot; forma parte de un nombre propio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Fui de visita a El Cairo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;He aquí el guión de El violinista en el tejado&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿son estas contracciones &lt;strong&gt;obligatorias&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Sería escribir &amp;quot;Él vino de el salón&amp;quot; una falta gramatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12928" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T14:15:43.000" Title="¿Son las contracciones &quot;del&quot; y &quot;al&quot; obligatorias?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20662" CreationDate="2017-04-25T12:55:11.177" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; tenemos la última referencia al respecto, a partir del &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pGLgjjgoXDWzXmgR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo §14.3a y siguientes&lt;/a&gt;. Recopilamos así los siguientes casos, aparte de los que comentas de títulos de obras y nombres propios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casos en los que ambas palabras no estén en estricta adyacencia: si se interpone algún símbolo gráfico no se pueden contraer.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agregó que &quot;segundo paso, sería apoyar a Portugal y a otros países, en la próxima VII Cumbre Iberoamericana, para que haya una referencia importante a (el caso de) Timor Oriental.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;En los círculos ajedrecísticos se recuerda lo que ha pasado a la leyenda bajo el nombre de &quot;el escándalo de Lucerna&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En los textos clásicos y la lengua antigua se consideraba a veces preferible evitar la concurrencia de dos contracciones idénticas seguidas, aunque hoy día esta repetición se considera correcta.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En este jardín estava, señor, a las tres y un quarto esperándote a que salgas de el del Duque.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se comenta ningún otro caso, luego en la práctica, siempre que haya un &quot;de el&quot; junto sin ningún otro signo gráfico de por medio, es obligatoria la contracción. A menos que, como quedó demostrado en la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17118/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es correcto mantener &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; separados en alg&amp;#250;n caso?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, el artículo &quot;el&quot; comience una oración de relativo con consistencia propia. Aunque es extremadamente raro, se probó que es posible, e incluso &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17172/12637&quot;&gt;un académico de renombre nos avaló&lt;/a&gt; el uso separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T14:15:43.000" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T14:15:43.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T14:26:37.647" Score="4" ViewCount="4062" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español hay multitud de palabras que sirven para encontrar texto dentro de un libro y mejorar su orden y comprensión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7L0XroM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Capítulo&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;División que se hace en los libros y en cualquier otro escrito para el mejor orden y más fácil comprensión de la materia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RybbDeZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Párrafo&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Fragmento de un texto en prosa constituido por un conjunto de líneas seguidas y caracterizado por el punto y aparte al final de la última.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FwgdR6j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Epígrafe&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Resumen que suele preceder a cada uno de los capítulos u otras divisiones de una obra científica o literaria, o a un discurso o escrito que no tenga tales divisiones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=35tp8q3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apartado&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Párrafo o serie de párrafos dentro de un escrito en los que se considera algún asunto por separado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zu7EOGZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Título&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Cada una de las partes principales en que suelen dividirse las leyes, reglamentos, etc., o subdividirse los libros de que constan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precisamente mirando las definiciones acabo de descubrir que estaba llamando &quot;epígrafe&quot; a lo que en realidad era un &quot;párrafo&quot;. En todo caso, entiendo por las definiciones que el orden de mayor a menor importancia (extensión de texto) dentro de una obra sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capítulo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apartado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Párrafo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quedando &quot;epígrafe&quot; como algo aparte que no sé muy bien como encaja, y &quot;título&quot; como una palabra que parece que solo se usa en determinados ámbitos pero no sé si iría antes o después que &quot;capítulo&quot;. El caso es que me da la sensación de que existen más palabras similares, y mi pregunta es: ¿cuáles son esas otras palabras que me faltan, y cómo se ordenan de mayor a menor extensión de texto abarcado? ¿Qué significan exactamente, poniendo ejemplos de libros reales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:57:44.760" Title="Orden de importancia y significado exacto de las palabras que sirven para ordenar el texto de un documento" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20665" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20666" CreationDate="2017-04-25T15:01:03.897" Score="2" ViewCount="1143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero traducir la palabra &quot;timeline&quot; de inglés al español pero no entiendo las diferencias entre algunas de las opciones. El contexto de &quot;timeline&quot; en este caso es la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the project timeline?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Revisé www.reverso.net que me aconsejó dos opciones. Una es &quot;línea de tiempo&quot;, tal como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La profundidad de las contusiones nos da una &lt;strong&gt;línea de tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la otra es &quot;calendario&quot;, tal como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante que haya un &lt;strong&gt;calendario&lt;/strong&gt; específico para el proceso&#xA;  político.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según los ejemplos arriba, &quot;calendario&quot; me parece mejor para lo que quiero traducir. Sin embargo, no me queda claro si realmente tenga razón en pensar así o si las dos opciones se pueden intercambiar. ¿Hay diferencias sutiles entre las dos traducciones que le hace a una mejor ajustada para ciertos contextos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De antemano agradecidos por su apoyo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T16:19:09.203" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T23:19:18.960" Title="Cuándo usar &quot;linea de tiempo&quot; o &quot;calendario&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20665" CreationDate="2017-04-25T15:29:24.240" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente asocio más &lt;em&gt;línea de tiempo&lt;/em&gt; con una exposición gráfica de sucesos históricos, como puede encontrarse en un libro de texto o en la pared de un museo (un sinónimo de esto sería una &lt;em&gt;cronología&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, &lt;em&gt;calendario&lt;/em&gt; no me transmite la misma connotación de urgencia que &lt;em&gt;timeline&lt;/em&gt; (quizá porque asocio inconscientemente &lt;em&gt;timeline&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;deadline&lt;/em&gt;). Más bien sugiere algo planteado con anticipación y tranquilidad, como un calendario anual donde los días festivos ya están determinados por ley hace años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto de las frases de tus ejemplos influye mucho. Quizá &quot;project timeline&quot; se pueda traducir mejor como &lt;em&gt;agenda del proyecto&lt;/em&gt;. Ya que etimológicamente &lt;em&gt;agenda&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;lo que debe hacerse&quot;, la palabra sugiere metas a futuro que deben cumplirse en un determinado plazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de las contusiones, no estoy seguro de cuál es el contexto, pero si se trata de algo relacionado con la medicina forense, &lt;em&gt;línea de tiempo&lt;/em&gt; suena bastante bien. &lt;em&gt;Línea temporal&lt;/em&gt; también funcionaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al proceso político, &lt;em&gt;calendario&lt;/em&gt; me parece muy adecuado: se trata de elecciones, que son asimilables a festividades o eventos cívicos, fijados de antemano; no son metas urgentes sino puntos en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T15:29:24.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T20:39:34.093" Score="5" ViewCount="1033" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país es común oír oraciones como: &#xA;&quot;&lt;em&gt;La niña camina veloz.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;El perro corre rápido.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que estos son gramaticalmente incorrectos y que deberían ser:&#xA;&quot;&lt;em&gt;La niña camina veloz&lt;strong&gt;mente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;El perro corre rápid&lt;strong&gt;amente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es tan frecuente el uso de las primeras oraciones que no estoy realmente  seguro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Las primeras oraciones son correctas? ¿O son erróneas y es simplemente un regionalismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la respuesta a otra pregunta sobre &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12716/5481&quot;&gt;El uso de adjetivos como adverbios&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, creo entender que estos son &lt;strong&gt;adverbios adjetivales&lt;/strong&gt; y por lo tanto ambas, &lt;strong&gt;tanto&lt;/strong&gt; las primeras &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; las segundas oraciones están correctas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si este es el caso, ¿cómo saber cuándo agregar &quot;-mente&quot; a un adjetivo para que actúe como adverbio? O ¿es inconsecuente, y simplemente cuestión de preferencia personal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T06:26:06.840" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T06:26:06.840" Title="¿Es &quot;-mente&quot; un agregado obligatorio para adverbios?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T21:18:15.633" Score="5" ViewCount="516" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm beginning Spanish, and I was wondering- in the sentence &quot;yo voy a mi casa&quot;, can you just say &quot;voy a casa&quot;? I know you can omit the pronoun without any worry, but do you have to say &quot;mi casa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T16:18:51.147" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T17:55:26.223" Title="Do you have to say &quot;mi casa&quot; or can you just say &quot;casa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20668" CreationDate="2017-04-25T21:48:53.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can omit the pronoun and keep the meaning, but you cannot omit the preposition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi casa andando los viernes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; casa en coche los lunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy cansado. Me voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; (mi) casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T21:48:53.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20667" CreationDate="2017-04-25T23:56:18.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que sepa, no debe ser un regionalismo.  Es algo que se encuentra en las lenguas ibéricas (y posiblemente en otras romances pero es que no conozco bien la gramática de ellas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, la ASALE habla de la derivación adverbial en el latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El latín […] creó, además, adverbios mediante la recategorización de adjetivos de género neutro en acusativo (&lt;em&gt;multum&lt;/em&gt; 'mucho' o &lt;em&gt;facĭle&lt;/em&gt; 'fácilmente') o ablativo (&lt;em&gt;merĭto&lt;/em&gt; 'con razón', 'merecidamente'; &lt;em&gt;raro&lt;/em&gt; 'raramente').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;30.3b&lt;/strong&gt; El latín formaba sistemáticamente adverbios a partir de adjetivos mediate la adición de los sufijos &lt;em&gt;-ĕ&lt;/em&gt; […] y -ter […] También se valía de la recategorización de adjetivos de género neutro en acusativo (&lt;em&gt;multum&lt;/em&gt; 'mucho' o &lt;em&gt;facĭle&lt;/em&gt; 'fácilmente') o ablativo (&lt;em&gt;raro&lt;/em&gt; 'raramente'). El proceso general de adverbialización de adjetivos se mantuvo, con intensidad variable, en todas las lenguas románicas. La pauta era particularmente productiva en el español antiguo, en el que se extendía a un gran número de adjetivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruiseñores e gallos que son más fermosetas / porque cantan &lt;strong&gt;hermoso&lt;/strong&gt;, estas son más caretas (*Alexandre); EL quatorzeno viçio es fablar &lt;strong&gt;escuro&lt;/strong&gt; de palabras sufisticadas (&lt;em&gt;Cancionero Íxar&lt;/em&gt;); En fin de razones, fablando cortés, / yo mucho querría sabe si assí es (Baena, &lt;em&gt;Cancionero&lt;/em&gt;); Fazía muy &lt;strong&gt;desaguisado&lt;/strong&gt; dexar el moço, que era tierno et non podría sofrir lazeria (Juan Manuel, &lt;em&gt;Lucanor&lt;/em&gt;); Como yo creo, dezía &lt;strong&gt;aguisado&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Alexandre&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo un resto del latín significaría que lo podríamos esperar encontrarlo en todos los dialectos del español.  Y de hecho, así es:&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;30.3c&lt;/strong&gt; En la actualidad los adverbios se documentan tanto en el español europeo como en el americano, pero poseen más vitalidad en este último. […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las restricciones son interesantes.  En principio, no todos los adjetivos se pueden usar como adverbios (ni con &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;), y de los que admiten adverbialización, no todos se pueden usar sin &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;.  La formación con &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; es obligatorio cuando el adverbio modifica adjetivos o participios, es decir, suelen modificar el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la conexión con el verbo puede ser tanto que cuando se usa el adverbio adjetival se puede interpretar como un predicado complejo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;30.3e&lt;/strong&gt; […] Se ha observado que muchos de ellos [adverbios adjetivals] forman con el verbo un &lt;strong&gt;predicado complejo&lt;/strong&gt; que constituye casi una locución verbal: &lt;em&gt;pisar firme, irle a uno bonito, trabajar duro, hablar claro, jugar limpio&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;sucio&lt;/em&gt;), etc.  En el lenguaje deportivo son frecuentes &lt;em&gt;chutar fuerte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;disparar raso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sacar alto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dominar fácil&lt;/em&gt;, entre otras expresiones similares, no todas igualmente empleadas en todas las áreas hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos de los casos descritos en 30.3e, el uso del adverbio adjetival ya no se permite una vez que el adverbio se aleja del verbo: uno puede &lt;em&gt;chutar fuerte el balón&lt;/em&gt; pero más difícilmente llegaría a decir &lt;em&gt;chutar el balón fuerte&lt;/em&gt;.  No obstante, hay algunos que permite separación (y los cuantificadores no cuentan como alejamiento: &lt;em&gt;chutar muy fuerte&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera de estas expresiones, hay ciertas tendencias en los adjetivos que admiten adverbialización sin &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;.  Por ejemplo, los adjetivos «que expresan similitud y diferencia* (§ 30.3l) y los «que expresan evaluación, generalmente positiva, de la manera de actuar» (§ 30.3m).  No obstante los con sentido negativo son menos frecuentes, aunque posibles sobre todo con &lt;em&gt;feo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fatal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pésimo&lt;/em&gt; (§ 30.3n).  Hay también otros que se utilizan mucho o incluso principalmente en respuestas y exclamaciones (&lt;em&gt;natural, seguro, evidente, claro&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, respondiendo directamente a tu pregunta, &lt;strong&gt;se podría decir que siempre se puede usar &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (si es que tal adjetivo se deja convertirse en adverbio).  &lt;strong&gt;La única restricción sería si&lt;/strong&gt;, por el uso tras el tiempo, &lt;strong&gt;la forma con y sin &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; hubiese llegado a distinguirse&lt;/strong&gt; pues entonces hay que elegir según significado que puede variar mucho según región (por ejemplo, compárese la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;hablar honroso de alguien&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hablar honrosamente de alguien&lt;/em&gt; con la ambigüedad de &lt;em&gt;hablar bien de alguien&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. En el asturiano, por ejemplo, todavía se puede alternar entre las formas con &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; y con el neutro &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; cuando modifica al verbo, sin muchas restricciones (G.Ll.A.3.ª: «&lt;strong&gt;XIV.3&lt;/strong&gt; Los axetivos puen adautase a categoría alverbial per aciu de dos procedimientos. En primer llugar, cola inmovilización morfemática, fixando la terminación propia del neutru: &lt;em&gt;préstame &lt;strong&gt;poco&lt;/strong&gt; esa película, convién filar &lt;strong&gt;fino&lt;/strong&gt;, vieno &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt; Beatriz, miróme torcío, trabaya mui &lt;strong&gt;curioso&lt;/strong&gt;, corríen &lt;strong&gt;rápido&lt;/strong&gt;, colaron &lt;strong&gt;escapao&lt;/strong&gt;, espresáronse &lt;strong&gt;claro&lt;/strong&gt;, cantaben &lt;strong&gt;sele&lt;/strong&gt;, falái &lt;strong&gt;prudente&lt;/strong&gt;, yá fala &lt;strong&gt;regular&lt;/strong&gt; l'inglés.&lt;/em&gt;.  Dice la G.B.A. (provisional) «&lt;strong&gt;13.1.1.b&lt;/strong&gt; Los adverbios adchectivals tienen la forma d'o masculino singular d'uun adchectivo calificativo u participio, como &lt;em&gt;claro&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;charra claro&lt;/em&gt;) u &lt;em&gt;baixo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ixes avions volan baixo&lt;/em&gt;).  Son, por un regular, adverbios de manera y resultan d'a recategorización d'ixes adchectivos.  Chunto a l'adverbio &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; fan la clase d'os denominaus &lt;em&gt;adverbios curtos&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;strong&gt;13.1.1.c&lt;/strong&gt; Buena cosa d'adverbios quantitativos tienen la misma forma que los quantificadors que modifican un substantivo. Quan lo quantificador tien flexión de chenero y numero, iste apareix immobilizau en masculino singular, como &lt;em&gt;muito, pro, desmasiato&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;em&gt;Estianyo los míos alumnos han estudiau pro&lt;/em&gt;».  Aunque no lo dice, me parece que es, como en castellano y portugués, una clase cerrada que no admite nuevos vocablos.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Curiosamente, el portugués tiene una distribución parecida.  Los hablantes brasileños tienden a usar el &lt;em&gt;adjetivo adverbializado&lt;/em&gt;, como se llama en portugués, más que los hablantes europeos; no encontré referencia sobre el portugués africano o asiático).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T23:56:18.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20665" CreationDate="2017-04-26T04:57:25.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cronología&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en ambos ejemplos.  Porque la cronología nos dice cuándo hacer qué, o cuándo sucedió cada cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T04:57:25.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20668" CreationDate="2017-04-26T05:02:35.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can omit it.  The meanings are slightly different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a mi casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;I'm going to my house.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;I'm going home.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I learned from a comment, the second version doesn't work in all countries, for example, it would apparently be quite unusual in Colombia where people usually include the &quot;mi&quot; and almost always use the preposition &quot;para&quot;: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy para mi casa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T17:55:26.223" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T17:55:26.223" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20674" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-26T09:26:23.220" Score="3" ViewCount="1123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curioseando la primera edición de la &lt;em&gt;Orthographia española&lt;/em&gt;, de 1741, encuentro en la fe de erratas el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u7U4M.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u7U4M.png&quot; alt=&quot;Pag.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede comprobar que se usa &quot;pag.&quot; como abreviatura de página. Sin embargo, en el índice de la obra se lee lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h0GzL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h0GzL.png&quot; alt=&quot;Plan.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se usa la abreviatura &quot;plan.&quot; con (supongo) el mismo significado. ¿A qué palabra se refiere esta abreviatura? ¿Y por qué se usaba en vez de &quot;pag.&quot;, que ya existía y de hecho se usó en la misma obra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T16:31:17.987" Title="Significado de la abreviatura &quot;plan.&quot; en el siglo XVIII" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20655" CreationDate="2017-04-26T12:28:22.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) no sé hablar español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es una traducción directa pero significa lo mismo. &quot;Sé&quot; es la conjugación en primera persona del singular de indicativo del verbo &quot;saber&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T13:29:43.393" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T13:29:43.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20676" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20684" CreationDate="2017-04-26T12:52:31.330" Score="4" ViewCount="584" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es un ejercicio que estoy haciendo en que hay que escoger una de las tres opciones dadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quieres pedir a tu jefe un par de días libres y quieres hacerlo de una forma amable, ¿qué dirías?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siento que te llame a estas horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo siento que te llame a estas horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siento llamarte a estas horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que a mi juicio todas son aceptables. Entonces, ¿cuál opción de esas tres es correcta — y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T16:08:25.403" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor forma de usar &quot;sentir&quot; para pedir disculpa?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20676" CreationDate="2017-04-26T13:07:03.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La opción correcta es la 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera, nadie dice &quot;Siento que te llame&quot;, sino siento llamarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda, el &quot;Lo&quot; es redundante y hace referencia a &quot;que te llame a estas horas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T13:07:03.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20861" CreationDate="2017-04-26T14:52:42.367" Score="7" ViewCount="13065" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general, estamos de acuerdo en que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/917/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Buenos días&lt;/em&gt; se dice por la mañana&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, acabo de leer en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/36969240#36969240&quot;&gt;chat&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; — Buenos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; — uy buenas tardes por aquí, @A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; — @B el saludo internacional es &amp;quot;Hola&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Buen día&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto A como C son de México y entiendo que allí se utiliza &lt;em&gt;buen día&lt;/em&gt; como forma genérica. Sin embargo, ¿es este uso de &lt;em&gt;buen día&lt;/em&gt; el generalizado? En España no lo reconozco y no encuentro ningún &lt;em&gt;Buen X&lt;/em&gt; con algún &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; que sea genérico (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2017/09/06/59aef21c268e3eee488b4575.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aunque empieza a oírse&lt;/a&gt;). Si saludas en general, debes decir &lt;em&gt;Hola&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;Buenas&lt;/em&gt; o similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T17:11:48.760" Title="¿Es &quot;buen día&quot; una forma de decir &quot;hola&quot; sin importar el momento del día?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="20" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10034" CreationDate="2017-04-26T15:19:03.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En El Salvador más bien se dice coloquialmente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al pene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pito&lt;/em&gt; aunque sí se entiende, casi no se usa y no es normal utilizarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá de hecho hay una planta que tiene una flor comestible que se llama pito y se lo ponen a la sopa de frijoles y se come de diferentes formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un día le dijimos a unos mejicanos si querían tomarse una sopa de frijoles con Pito y se austaron. Eran dos y el mejicano me dijo: &lt;em&gt;yo le entro a la sopa y el Pito se lo das a mi compañero&lt;/em&gt;. Ja, ja, ja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16596" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T17:25:56.243" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T17:25:56.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20674" CreationDate="2017-04-26T15:55:07.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es evidente que refiere a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;plana&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basta, creo yo, ver algunas acepciones del DLE para confirmar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;plano, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;8.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Cada una de las dos caras o haces de una hoja de papel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Página escrita, especialmente la impresa de los periódicos y de las revistas. &lt;em&gt;Apareció la noticia en primera plana.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Impr.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de líneas ya ajustadas de que se compone cada página. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ende tenemos las expresiones como &lt;em&gt;a toda plana&lt;/em&gt; (tamaño que ocupa la totalidad de un espacio), &lt;em&gt;cerrar la plana&lt;/em&gt; (acabar o finalizar algo) y &lt;em&gt;corregir/enmendar la plana&lt;/em&gt; (avisar a alguien de o corregirle algún fallo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la abreviatura parezca casi innecesaria, dudo que haya otra palabra excepto (tal vez) &lt;em&gt;plancha&lt;/em&gt; que en la impresión puede significar algo como &lt;em&gt;lámina&lt;/em&gt; y relacionado más con la reproducción gráfica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, el mismo libro usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;plana&lt;/em&gt; pero nunca &lt;em&gt;plancha&lt;/em&gt; (pero sí &lt;em&gt;lámina&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...muchas veces una misma voz escrita por el mismo sugeto en el mismo libro , y en la misma &lt;strong&gt;plana&lt;/strong&gt; se encuentra expuesta , y explicada con diversas letras. (92)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente se usó porque las dos palabras —sobre todo en una editorial/impresora— las habrían usado con mayor frecuencia que hoy. Sería algo como mezclar &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;renglón&lt;/em&gt; que en este contexto también serían sinónimos, sería al antojo casi. Y como las erratas se imprimían después de la impresión del resto del libro, si fueron hechas por una persona diferente, puede que su terminología preferida fuese distinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T16:31:17.987" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T16:31:17.987" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20683" CreationDate="2017-04-26T21:19:13.600" Score="4" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm studying the subjunctive mood, and I generally understand it, I just think not all of the sentences require it, examples (the first sentences in each pair are the correct ones according to the book, the second ones are my imagination):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; Déjame que pague&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Déjame pagar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; Lo mejor es que esperemos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo mejor es esperar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt; Os aconsejo que os pongáis un abrigo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Os aconsejo poneros un abrigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt; Nos han aconsejado que vayamos en el avión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nos han aconsejado ir en el avión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Me permites que te dé un consejo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Me permites darte un consejo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; Disculpa que no me levante, no me siento bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Disculpa no levantarme...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7&lt;/strong&gt;  Deja que te explique.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Déjame explicarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Me permites que te haga una pregunta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Me permites hacerte una pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9&lt;/strong&gt; Permítame que le recomiende la carne.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Permítame recomendarle la carne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10&lt;/strong&gt; Siempre haces que llegue tarde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Siempre me haces llegar tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, all of the sentences have all what's needed for the use of subjunctive: they have the 'triggers' (my term) like 'recomendar', 'permitir', 'dejar', 'ser mejor' etc. and the first part and the second have different subjects ((Tú) déjame que paga (yo)). However, the second sentences also sound correct to me, and are sometimes much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the second sentences in each pair correct/acceptable, and if so, what makes them so, even though they do meet all the subjunctive mood criteria? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11&lt;/strong&gt; Te ruego que no grites.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vs&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te ruego no gritar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the second sentence does not sound correct to me at all (but maybe it is correct?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T16:16:39.343" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:16:10.970" Title="&quot;Déjame pagar&quot; vs &quot;Deja que pague yo&quot; - are both correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20681" CreationDate="2017-04-26T23:22:41.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the pairs of examples you cited are correct, except maybe &lt;em&gt;Disculpa no levantarme&lt;/em&gt;, which sounds ungrammatical to me (though &lt;em&gt;Discúlpame por no levantarme&lt;/em&gt; is fine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in one of the pairs there might be a slight difference in meaning: &lt;em&gt;Lo mejor es que esperemos&lt;/em&gt; clearly suggests that it's better &lt;strong&gt;for us, now,&lt;/strong&gt; to wait a while; while &lt;em&gt;Lo mejor es esperar&lt;/em&gt; is more like a general statement (it's better to wait). Context will surely render this difference meaningless in actual use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Interestingly, while Spanish has this &quot;problem&quot; with infinitives erasing referents, closely related Portuguese can attach personal endings to infinitives, and is also quite fond of substituting infinitives for subjunctive phrases where Spanish would only admit the latter.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The infinitive (by its nature) doesn't refer to any temporal frame. So both the following examples...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disculpa que no me levante.&lt;/em&gt; (The speaker will not get up.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Disculpa que no me haya levantado.&lt;/em&gt; (The speaker has failed to get up.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... will be rendered the same: &lt;em&gt;Discúlpame por no levantarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also minor differences in tone. &lt;em&gt;Te pido que no me grites&lt;/em&gt; is more colloquial than &lt;em&gt;Te pido no gritarme&lt;/em&gt;; the latter might actually sound weird to some people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above is me trying to find a reason for the alternative forms you have noticed, but once again note that the real differences are very slight, if anything. In most cases you can go with either type of phrase and you'll be OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T23:22:41.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20681" CreationDate="2017-04-27T02:01:41.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Déjame pagar vs Deja &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; pague yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both forms are correct and that goes for all the examples you put on your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is all of these examples are &lt;strong&gt;subordinate sentences&lt;/strong&gt;. You are looking at a structure called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Subordinadas%20sustantivas%20de%20infinitivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oraciones subordinadas sustantivas de infinitivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Realize that one of the funtions of &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; is introducing a subordinate sentence, so what comes after &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; is a subordinate sentence, but in the &amp;quot;equivalent&amp;quot; sentence of each example you have a subordinate sentnece as well, with a &lt;em&gt;subordinada sustantiva&lt;/em&gt; (this sentence uses an infinitive as a &amp;quot;noun&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta &lt;em&gt;que me llame&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; Subordinada sustantiva en función de sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntó &lt;em&gt;qué hacía aquí&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; Subordinada sustantiva en función de complemento directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los que lleguen tarde no entrarán en clase &amp;gt; Subordinada adjetiva sustantivada en función de sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me desagrada &lt;em&gt;ir al dentista&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; Subordinada sustantiva en función de sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Source (and to learn more): &lt;a href=&quot;http://lengua.laguia2000.com/sintaxis/subordinadas-sustantivas-de-infinitivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Subordinadas sustantivas de infinitivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This last case is the want that may interest you the most for this case: a subordinate sentence acting as a noun through a verb in infinitive. For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta &lt;em&gt;comer despacio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the subordinate sentence is introduced by a verb in infinitive (&amp;quot;comer despacio&amp;quot; is what I like).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for all the above to really make sense and answer your question, we need to add a &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; in that subordinate sentence, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice tener razón; Dice que tiene razón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &amp;quot;tener razón&amp;quot; is a subordinate sentence with an infinitive, just like in the previous example (&amp;quot;tener razón&amp;quot; is what (s)he says or claims). But you can express the same with a subordinate sentence being introduce by a &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;. In this case the verb is not an infinitive but &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To formally answer your question both &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Déjame pagar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Deja que pague yo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; are correct and equivalent because in both cases you have a subordinate sentence. In one case introduced by &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; + subjuntivo and in the other a &amp;quot;oración subordinada sustantiva de infinitivo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, that is the general rule, and some of the examples can be more intrincate, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deja que te explique. vs Déjame explicarte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case is clear to see the subordinate introduce by &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, but for the &lt;em&gt;subordinada sustantiva de infinitivo&lt;/em&gt; things get more complex, since you need to use the pronouns. There is nothing exceptional. Some verbs are going to require a direct or indirect complement and you'll have to dela with pronouns. That same example could have been&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deja&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; que te &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; explique. vs Déjame explicarte&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T02:12:28.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20676" CreationDate="2017-04-27T02:56:40.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota antes de empezar&lt;/strong&gt;: Quizá quieras echarle una vistazo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20683/5481&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a una pregunta reciente sobre frases subordinadas (&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20681/5481&quot;&gt;déjame pagar vs Deja que pague yo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;) que puede estar bastante relacionada con la tuya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es normal que esas frases te parezcan todas correctas. Estos son algunos de esos casos excepcionales en que se rompen las reglas, como cuando tienes un verbo irregular (y el caso de estos ejercicios es especialmente rebuscado). Para ti, que estás aprendiendo y aplicas la norma general, es normal que todos parezcan correctos, pues todos respetan la norma. Para un nativo, que aplica la excepción a la norma sin darse cuenta, suenan inmediatamente mal, pero le cuesta razonar el porqué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento que te llame a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es gramaticalmente correcta. No hay nada malo hasta que no la pones en el contexto de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; estás llamando a tu jefe&amp;quot;. Si quisieras decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento que (&lt;strong&gt;él o ella&lt;/strong&gt;) te llame a estas horas &lt;sub&gt; I'm sorry (&lt;strong&gt;he or she&lt;/strong&gt;) calls you at that time &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la frase sería correcta. El &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; introduce una oración subordinada y usas el subjuntivo. Pero la cosa cambia al usar primera persona en la frase subordinada también. Uno dice &amp;quot;quiero &lt;strong&gt;salir&lt;/strong&gt; de esta habitación&amp;quot; pero no &amp;quot;quiero que &lt;strong&gt;yo salga&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; aunque esta última frase &amp;quot;siga las normas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] con muchos de los predicados que imponen subjuntivo a sus subordinadas sustantivas, aparece el infinitivo como única opción &lt;strong&gt;cuando se da la correferencia de sujetos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Así ocurre con un buen número de los predicados de voluntad y afección. Se dice &amp;quot;Quiero que vayas&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Quiero ir&amp;quot;, pero no &amp;quot;*Quiero que yo vaya&amp;quot; ni &amp;quot;Quiero que vaya&amp;quot; (en la interpretación en la que el sujeto de vaya es de primera persona). La misma alternancia corresponde a &amp;quot;Necesito que salgas&amp;quot; ~ &amp;quot;Necesito salir&amp;quot; ~ &amp;quot;Necesito que (yo) salga&amp;quot;. El rechazo del subjuntivo en estos casos, a favor del infinitivo, se extiende a los sustantivos y los adjetivos que introducen complementos oracionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Subordinadas%20sustantivas%20de%20infinitivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oraciones subordinadas sustantivas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, esto está diciendo que hay una excepción a la regla general por que yo puedo decir &amp;quot;(Yo) quiero que (tú) salgas&amp;quot; y uso una subordinada introducida por &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; y verbo en subjuntivo. Si hay concurrencia de sujetos (yo sobre &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;) ya no uso el subjuntivo (es incorrecto &amp;quot;(yo) quiero que (yo) salga&amp;quot;) y me veo obligado a usar una oración subordinada sustantiva de infinitivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) quiero &lt;strong&gt;salir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo propuesto en la pregunta se complica un poco más porque &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NTReP1j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;llamar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; es transitivo, y necesitas un complemento directo. Pero básicamente esa es la razón por la que decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento &lt;strong&gt;llamar&lt;/strong&gt;te&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(tenemos que añadir el pronombre) y no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento que (yo) llame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso explica por qué la primera y segunda son incorrectas y la tercera correcta. &lt;strong&gt;Correferencia de sujetos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda añade con ese &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; una sutileza. Date cuenta que la tercera, que es correcta, podría haber sido tanto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento llamarte a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; llamarte a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la segunda es incorrecta por el uso de subjuntivo cuando hay correferencia de sujetos, pero al añadir ese &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; la cosa cambia, porque de hecho &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; significaría &amp;quot;llamarte a estas horas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento llamarte a estas horas. De verdad que &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; siento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que si introduces el &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; tienes que cambiar la estructura de tu frase subordinada. Ya no introduces una frase subordinada sustantiva de infinitivo y ese &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; introduce o explica la causa. De lo contrario &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; y &amp;quot;llamarte a estas horas&amp;quot; son redundantes ya que se refieren a lo mismo (con la sutileza de que para usar &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; deberías haber hecho referencia antes la causa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; 1- &amp;quot;Correferencia de sujetos&amp;quot; viene a significar que el agente y el sujeto paciente son el mismo, como en &lt;em&gt;yo me peino&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;yo me lavo&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T03:07:57.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20685" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T08:57:02.923" Score="4" ViewCount="1409" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;This is an attempt to write a new kind of question in which the answer needs to be found by writing an algorithm, rather than searching for it online, posted as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2611/12637&quot;&gt;discussed on meta&lt;/a&gt;. You can take it as a way to improve your programming skills while finding the answer to a curious question about our language.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Spain license plates game&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, current license plates have this pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1234 XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where XYZ are three consonants taken from the full set of Spanish consonants (except the 'Ñ', I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, when traveling with my wife, we used to play a game. When we see a license plate, we take the three consonants and try to form a word that contains those three consonants, appearing in the same order as in the license plate. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BCD&#xA;    BoCaDo (valid)&#xA;    CaBezaDa (not valid)&#xA;FTL&#xA;    FaTaL (valid)&#xA;    FLeTar (not valid)&#xA;FTR&#xA;    FleTaR (valid, wins)&#xA;    caFeTeRa (valid, loses)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The winner is the one who uses the least number of characters, as you can see in the last example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;OK, nice game, so what's the problem?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that not all the combination of consonants allow the game to have a solution, especially when the plate contains consonants such as 'W', 'X', 'Q' and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's the question. I would like to find a subset of the Spanish consonants, such that you can take any three consonants (repetitions allowed) from that subset, and always be able to find a valid solution for the game. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Subset: {B,C,D}&#xA;&#xA;Possible permutations of these three letters, and some possible words&#xA;containing the letters in each permutation in the right order:&#xA;&#xA;    BBB  BaoBaB&#xA;    BBC  BarBaCoa&#xA;    BBD  BaBaDa&#xA;    BCB  BiCarBonato&#xA;    BCC  BoCaCalle&#xA;    BCD  BoCaDo&#xA;    BDB  aBorDaBle&#xA;    BDC  aBDuCir&#xA;    BDD  BoveDaD&#xA;    CBB  CaBeceaBa&#xA;    CBC  CaBeCeaba&#xA;    CBD  CaBleaDo&#xA;    CCB  CabeCeaBa&#xA;    CCC  aparCaCoChes&#xA;    CCD  CaChaDa&#xA;    CDB  abraCaDaBra&#xA;    CDC  aComoDaCión&#xA;    CDD  aComoDaDo&#xA;    DBB  DoBlaBa&#xA;    DBC  DeBaCle&#xA;    DBD  DoBlaDo&#xA;    DCB  DeCasílaBo&#xA;    DCC  DeCadenCia&#xA;    DCD  DeCaDencia&#xA;    DDB  DegraDaBle&#xA;    DDC  DeDiCación&#xA;    DDD  DefenDeDor&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, {B,C,D} would be a valid answer, since every permutation of the members of the set (with repetitions allowed) has a solution for the game. But I am looking for the largest set that matches this criterion. What would that subset of consonants be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't know if you can download a list of words from the RAE dictionary, so you can use any other Spanish list of words available, as long as it is reasonably complete (see below).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verb conjugations are valid words to be formed, as well as plurals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note that I am not looking for the solutions to the game, as the game is to be played by humans. I am looking for the largest subset of consonants that allow the game to always be played and solved when taken any three consonants from them (repetitions allowed as seen in the example).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the challenge consists of finding the largest fair set of letters that the game can safely be played with, such that the players can never get stuck, where &quot;stuck&quot; means they are unable to propose a word for some permutation of letters taken from the alphabet (minus Ñ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lists of words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Public list of words with more than 80K entries (but does not contain plural forms or verb conjugations): &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/javierarce/palabras/blob/master/listado-general.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/javierarce/palabras/blob/master/listado-general.txt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dictionary used in LibreOffice and others: files &lt;code&gt;es_ANY.dic&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;es_ANY.aff&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/dictionaries/tree/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Entries are in the form [word]/[affixes], so you need to decode the way the affixes modify every word. If you want the whole word list generated by these two files, I have uploaded a file &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dropbox.com/s/28bqzpj6mdtucz6/es_ANY.txt?dl=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (15.9MB, 1,256,499 words).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Posted the actual license plates game &lt;a href=&quot;https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/q/127047/70347&quot;&gt;in PPCG&lt;/a&gt;! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T09:30:35.207" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T09:30:35.207" Title="Spanish Language meets Stack Overflow: What is the largest set of consonants that generates Spanish words when any three are taken from it?" Tags="&lt;dle&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="29" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20690" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:01:39.720" Score="3" ViewCount="2059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo sobre los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elsubjuntivo.com/usos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usos del subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt; y en la sección &lt;em&gt;Para expresar emoción o sentimiento&lt;/em&gt; se menciona este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me alegro mucho de que mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; un mejor empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la frase? Se me ocurren las siguientes hipóetesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me alegro porque mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;YA tiene&lt;/strong&gt; este empleo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me alegro porque mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;va a tener&lt;/strong&gt; este empleo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me alegro &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; este empleo. (O sea mi alegría es la condición gracias a la cual mi hermano podrá tener este empleo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T16:16:14.923" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T03:16:57.697" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;me alegro mucho de que mi hermano tenga un mejor empleo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20687" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Spanish Language meets Stack Overflow&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/sl-meets-so&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;sl-meets-so&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;sl-meets-so&lt;/a&gt; tag for all those questions that need an algorithm to be answered, as the solution cannot be found by reading documents or surfing the net.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20688" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" Score="0" Body="Preguntas que necesiten de un algoritmo para ser respondidas. || Questions that need an algorithm to be answered." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T09:31:27.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20686" CreationDate="2017-04-27T11:38:09.607" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase significa las dos primeras opciones. En la segunda implica que tiene el trabajo asegurado pero aún no ha comenzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera no es correcta bajo ningún concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T11:38:09.607" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20686" CreationDate="2017-04-27T13:24:12.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una diferencia entre &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me alegro mucho de que mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;tenga&lt;/strong&gt; un mejor empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me alegro mucho de que mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;vaya&lt;/strong&gt; a tener un mejor empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las dos se usa subjuntivo, pero creo que de esta forma queda más claro si ya tiene o no el trabajo. También:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro mucho de que mi hermano tenga un empleo mejor ahora. El que tenía hace tres años pagaba muy poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu hermano ha tenido ese puesto por tres años. No es nuevo, pero el subjuntivo expresa emoción o sentimiento. Podrías usar &quot;tenga&quot; también, si lo tiene ya &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; asegurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &quot;vaya a tener&quot; sí expresas una condición en el futuro. La diferencia es sutil, pero con &quot;tenga&quot; lo tiene ya (incluso lo ha tenido por un tiempo) o es casi seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T13:24:12.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20681" CreationDate="2017-04-27T14:16:10.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the answers provided so far; however, I wanted to highlight one point I think is key—the presence of a pronoun in the main clause that &quot;marks&quot;, or agrees with, the subject of the subordinate clause. If there is a pronoun, you can use the infinitive or the subordinate form of the verb more or less interchangeably; if there is no such pronoun, you need a subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;✓&lt;/sup&gt; Siempre haces que llegue tarde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;✓&lt;/sup&gt; Siempre &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; haces llegar tarde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;✕&lt;/sup&gt; Siempre haces llegar tarde.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the subject of the subordinate clause is generic or unspecified, you don't need a pronun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Cruz Roja recomienda tener botiquín de primero auxilios en este regreso a clases.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmineral.com.mx/ver.php?artid=48918&amp;amp;t=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elmineral.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11511" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T14:48:11.940" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T14:48:11.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T14:22:41.593" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the following text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy en la gloria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &quot;gloria&quot; is not a proper name, but alludes to being in heaven. Should it be capitalized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16600" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T14:46:45.793" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T15:46:20.040" Title="In &quot;Estoy en la gloria&quot;, should &quot;gloria&quot; be capitalized?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20693" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T15:38:36.407" Score="3" ViewCount="3132" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the future tense is relatively simple.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's just a matter of adding one of the following endings to the infinitive: &#xA;-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A dozen irregulars (and compounds based on those) have slight changes in the stem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I still get the set of endings (and sometimes the irregulars) confused with other tenses and wind up with low confidence or errors.  Are there good mnemonics or pattern explanations that can help me remember?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meta note: The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic&quot;&gt;Help Center on-topic page&lt;/a&gt; specifically says that &quot;Problems encountered by people learning Spanish&quot; are &lt;strong&gt;on-topic.&lt;/strong&gt;  It appears &lt;a href=&quot;https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic&quot;&gt;nothing is on-topic at Language Learning.SE&lt;/a&gt;, but if those pages are wrong I'd prefer migration over closure.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9643" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T19:34:09.163" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T16:16:11.507" Title="What mnemonics can help me learn the future tense?" Tags="&lt;futuro&gt;&lt;mnemonic&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20693" CreationDate="2017-04-27T15:38:36.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note the connections to the present perfect, in which the auxiliary verb &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; has the following forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Except for the &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; form, these sound the same as the future tense endings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(for {yo, tú, él/ella/usted, nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/ustedes} respectively.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dozen future irregulars can be grouped:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Removing vowel in verb ending, replace with d:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;poner -&amp;gt; yo pondré&#xA;salir -&amp;gt; yo saldré&#xA;tener -&amp;gt; yo tendré&#xA;venir -&amp;gt; yo vendré&#xA;valer -&amp;gt; yo valdré&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Removing vowel in verb ending, no replacement because &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; is already present: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;caber -&amp;gt; yo cabré&#xA;haber -&amp;gt; yo habré&#xA;poder -&amp;gt; yo podré&#xA;saber -&amp;gt; yo sabré&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;decir -&amp;gt; yo diré &#xA;hacer -&amp;gt; yo haré &#xA;querer -&amp;gt; yo querré&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's not a mnemonic connection between which verbs are irregular in the future and which verbs have irregular past participles (of these 12, only poner/puesto, decir/dicho, and hacer/hecho are also irregular in the past participle):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9643" LastEditorUserId="9643" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T15:58:55.427" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T15:58:55.427" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2017-04-27T15:46:20.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's fine like that. &quot;Estar en la gloria&quot; means that you are really good, or relaxed. In this case, &quot;gloria&quot; is a common name, not capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Native speaker from Spain here :D &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16601" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T15:46:20.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20693" CreationDate="2017-04-27T16:27:21.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For starters (apologies if this step isn't necessary for you), I like to make a timeline where the past is behind my dominant shoulder, the present is pointing down to the floor where I'm sitting or standing, and the future is to the front of my dominant shoulder.  In other words, I use my dominant hand to point to the place in time.  The future is forward, and that connects to the stress falling on the future ending, for example, &amp;quot;yo iré&amp;quot;: the last syllable gets the stress, and that means that we are thinking ahead (into the future).  I hope you see what I mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you asked for memory tricks to remember the specific endings.  Usually the mnemonics that work the best are very personal.  For example, I learned &amp;quot;sonrisa&amp;quot; by thinking about looking at a nice sunrise and smiling.  However, I will make a stab at getting you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;é: &lt;strong&gt;yo iré&lt;/strong&gt;: the last syllable sounds a bit like &amp;quot;ray&amp;quot; -- ray of sunshine.  I am pleased to tell you that I will go to your party.  This pleasure is like a ray of sunshine.  &amp;quot;Sí, iré a tu fiesta.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ás: &lt;strong&gt;tu irás&lt;/strong&gt;: the last syllable sounds a bit like Raas, a thrilling traditional folk dance form of Gujarat &amp;amp; Rajasthan India.  I can ask you if will attend the upcoming Raas performance: ¿Irás?  ¿Irás a Raas mañana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;á: &lt;strong&gt;él/ella/usted irá&lt;/strong&gt; (I would pick one as the paradigm, for example, &amp;quot;él irá&amp;quot;: just take the S off the end of the previous one.  (This follows a general pattern.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;emos: &lt;strong&gt;nosotros iremos&lt;/strong&gt;: start with &amp;quot;yo iré&amp;quot; and put &amp;quot;mos&amp;quot; on the end.  If you have trouble remembering this, you could think, &amp;quot;Most of us will be going.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;éis: &lt;strong&gt;vosotros iréis&lt;/strong&gt;: hmm.  I learned Spanish in Mexico and don't use this form.  Perhaps you could also connect it to &amp;quot;iré.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;án: &lt;strong&gt;ustedes/ellos/ellas irán&lt;/strong&gt;: Here I would start with the singular &amp;quot;el irá&amp;quot; and add an N, because in general one goes from singular to plural by adding an N.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, I believe it is easier to learn endings if you learn them as part of an actual verb conjugation.  In other words, I recommend seeing the chart in your head (and pronouncing the chart) as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo iré&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tú irás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;él irá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nosotros iremos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vosotros iréis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ellos irán&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as one &amp;quot;sees&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;hears&amp;quot; this, one should also keep in mind where the stem ends and where the ending begins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fun way to practice future would be to take sentences from your book that appear in the conditional and just switch them over to the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T17:35:35.413" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20668" CreationDate="2017-04-27T23:02:31.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to the other answers, note that you can omit &amp;quot;mi&amp;quot; from &amp;quot;mi casa&amp;quot; because the meaning can be inferred. In other cases omitting it would be inappropriate or incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where you need to stress &amp;quot;mi&amp;quot;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- ¿Vamos a mi casa o a tu casa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- A &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With other nouns: &amp;quot;Voy en auto&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;voy en mi auto&amp;quot; mean (slightly) different things (&amp;quot;I go by car&amp;quot; [maybe a friend's, not by train] and &amp;quot;I go in my car&amp;quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T23:02:31.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20665" CreationDate="2017-04-27T23:19:18.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cronograma&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de un proyecto, la frase &lt;code&gt;&quot;What is the project timeline?&quot;&lt;/code&gt; podría traducirse como: &lt;code&gt;&quot;¿Cuál es el cronograma del proyecto?&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un proyecto, el cronograma es la manera en que se organizan las tareas correspondientes y el tiempo en el que se realizarán, así como el tiempo que se tardará en hacerlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16605" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T23:19:18.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20740" CreationDate="2017-04-28T03:02:12.523" Score="2" ViewCount="1013" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer me preguntaba mi mujer si &quot;pincho&quot; es un equivalente de &quot;palillo&quot;. Yo dije que con &quot;pincho&quot; uno no se refiere al palillo (mondadientes) en sí, pero puede referirse a una &lt;em&gt;tapa&lt;/em&gt; que use el palillo (bien para sujetar los componentes de la tapa o para facilitar el poder asir la tapa por algún lado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto la duda les surgió en un grupo de angloparlantes. Mi mujer habla español como segundo idioma (con gran influencia del español de España) y ella opinaba que &quot;pincho&quot; no es equivalente de &quot;palillo&quot;. Sin embargo había una persona nativa de México que aseguraba que &quot;pincho&quot; sí es un equivalente de &quot;palillo&quot;, cosa que no he podido corroborar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &lt;code&gt;pincho&lt;/code&gt; un equivalente de &lt;code&gt;palillo&lt;/code&gt; en México u otros países de habla hispana? Yo pondría la mano en el fuego por que en España no, pero lo mismo hay regiones en las que sí tiene ese significado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T01:15:29.437" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T15:25:45.660" Title="¿Es &quot;pincho&quot; un equivalente de &quot;palillo/mondadientes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20423" CreationDate="2017-04-28T04:59:41.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The construction, &quot;Me quedo en mi casa&quot; literally means, I keep &lt;em&gt;myself&lt;/em&gt; at home. The &quot;yo&quot; is understood from the &quot;me&quot; and the conjugation, &quot;quedo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's called a &quot;reflexible&quot; construction, of things you do to yourself, like wash yourself, dress yourself, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T04:59:41.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20423" CreationDate="2017-04-28T08:32:43.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main meaning of &lt;em&gt;quedar&lt;/em&gt; (to stay, to remain) is usually pronominal in Spanish, as others have said. You can sometimes use it in non-pronominal form, but it is a fairly formal use. For instance, a usual ending for a formal letter is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quedo a la espera de sus noticias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &lt;em&gt;I remain in wait for your answer&lt;/em&gt;, more or less. Or it can take a somewhat euphemistical meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quedó inválido a causa de sus heridas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &lt;em&gt;he was disabled due to his injuries&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the verb &lt;em&gt;quedar&lt;/em&gt; has a non-pronominal use, more coloquial, which is &lt;em&gt;to agree&lt;/em&gt;, specially to agree on a meeting. This way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He quedado con Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would not mean &lt;em&gt;I have stayed with Juan&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;I have agreed to meet Juan&lt;/em&gt;. If we go to your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quedo en mi casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &lt;em&gt;I stay at home&lt;/em&gt;; but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quedo en mi casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would mean &lt;em&gt;I usually meet with my friends at home&lt;/em&gt;. As you can see, the meaning is quite different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T13:01:51.787" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T13:01:51.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20701" CreationDate="2017-04-28T09:17:21.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedo dar una respuesta tentativa como hablante del español de España. La acepción de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T2okNU7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pincho&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que nos ocupa es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Porción de comida tomada como aperitivo, que a veces se atraviesa con un palillo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la propia definición distingue entre el propio &lt;em&gt;pincho&lt;/em&gt; y el palillo que se usa para sujetarlo. A su vez, define &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RYenxq2%7CRaOp0rz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palillo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como &quot;mondadientes de madera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hay otra definición de &quot;pincho&quot; que me ha extrañado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Espina de plantas o pescados que puede clavarse en el cuerpo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo que me extraña es que esté definido como &quot;nombre femenino&quot; cuando yo siempre lo he usado en masculino: &lt;em&gt;Me he clavado un pincho intentando coger el erizo de mar&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;A mi hermano se le ha clavado un pincho del cactus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, acabamos llamando &quot;pincho&quot; a cualquier cosa que se te pueda clavar en el cuerpo, y tampoco me extrañaría que se llamara así a cualquier cosa que se pueda clavar en otra, como es el caso del palillo de los pinchos (a fin de cuentas, de algún sitio habrá tenido que surgir el nombre de &quot;pincho&quot; para la tapa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no encuentro raro decir que la tapa está pinchada con un &quot;pincho&quot;, aunque desde luego nunca diría que me voy a hurgar los dientes con un &quot;pincho&quot; sino con un &quot;palillo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabar diciendo que el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; no da ningún significado especial para México para la palabra &quot;pincho&quot;, y sí una para &quot;palillo&quot; pero hace referencia a un tipo de arbusto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T09:17:21.120" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20705" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-28T11:26:05.747" Score="6" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabamos de tener en el trabajo la siguiente conversación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Compañero&lt;/strong&gt;: No me han enviado los datos de los días 25 y 26 y ahora tengo un &lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt; al final de la lista de datos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt;: Que no puedes decir &quot;hueco&quot;, ¿no?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Compañero&lt;/strong&gt;: Es que el hueco es lo que hay dentro del &lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahí ya me he quedado loco. Buscando en los diccionarios, encuentro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Kknu99C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hueco, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Der. del lat. &lt;em&gt;occāre&lt;/em&gt; 'ahuecar la tierra rastrillándola'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Espacio vacío en el interior de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a separation in space&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a break in continuity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, efectivamente, parece que &lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a esa discontinuidad que habría en la lista de datos, y &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al espacio vacío que deja la discontinuidad. Siendo puntillosos, efectivamente en la lista no habrá ningún hueco, sino que en un momento dado el dato de la fecha pega un cambio inesperado (&lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt; como discontinuidad). No hay exactamente un hueco, aunque lo habría si supusiéramos el espacio que deberían ocupar los datos que no están ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es, por tanto, un error traducir &lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O sería recomendable usar otros sustantivos como &lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;salto&lt;/em&gt;, la mencionada &lt;em&gt;discontinuidad&lt;/em&gt; u otros? ¿Existe algún caso en el que dicha traducción sea posible? A mí se me ocurre que el famoso &quot;mind the gap&quot; del metro de Londres se puede traducir como &quot;ten cuidado con el hueco [entre el vagón y el andén]&quot;, pero ya pregunto por si acaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T15:04:21.857" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T15:04:21.857" Title="¿Es &quot;hueco&quot; una traducción correcta para &quot;gap&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20707" CreationDate="2017-04-28T14:35:33.350" Score="3" ViewCount="15461" Body="&lt;p&gt;No supe como plantear el título de la pregunta, ya que no se su nombre en particular, pero por ejemplo el verbo &lt;em&gt;terminar&lt;/em&gt; puede usarse como &lt;em&gt;terminación&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;cognición&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;Para &lt;em&gt;asumir&lt;/em&gt; pensaba en &lt;em&gt;asumción&lt;/em&gt;, pero haciendo un googleo rápido no encontré mucho, más bien de gente que al parecer trataba de escribir &quot;Asunción&quot;, como la capital de Paraguay, ¿o quizás ésta es la forma correcta?.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Alguna idea de como se escribe? ¿Y como se llama este tipo de conjugación o terminación de verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2712" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T11:41:42.410" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T11:41:42.410" Title="¿Como se forma el sustantivo '-ción' relacionado con &quot;asumir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20706" CreationDate="2017-04-28T15:27:17.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, la forma de designar la acción o efecto de asumir es &lt;em&gt;asunción&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;asumción&lt;/em&gt; ya que por regla general cuando corresponde una &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; en final de sílaba, la misma se transforma en &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; a menos que siga una consonante labial (de la misma manera, de la Virgen María se dice que fue &lt;em&gt;asunta&lt;/em&gt; al cielo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay algo curioso y es que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=47S4L2q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;asumir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se suele usar equivocadamente con el significado de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U7YygFe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presumir&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, es decir &quot;suponer&quot; o &quot;dar por seguro&quot;, como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asumo que actúa de buena fe.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Usted asumió que yo estaba de acuerdo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso, aunque el verbo sea aceptado, para el sustantivo no se utiliza &lt;em&gt;asunción&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;presunción&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debemos respetar la presunción de inocencia.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra palabra que se nominaliza de esta manera (cambiando &lt;em&gt;-mir&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;-nción&lt;/em&gt;) es &lt;em&gt;consunción&lt;/em&gt;, pero sólo con su significado pasivo (la acción de consumirse o enflaquecer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T15:27:17.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20705" CreationDate="2017-04-28T15:34:32.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no veo problema con la palabra &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt;, de hecho, es la palabra que utiliza la RAE en definiendo la palabra &lt;em&gt;laguna&lt;/em&gt; (que, de hecho, es otra palabra que podrías usar en este contexto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;laguna&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; En los manuscritos o impresos, omisión o hueco en que se dejó de poner algo o en que algo ha desaparecido por la acción del tiempo o por otra causa. || &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; Defecto, vacío o solución de continuidad en un conjunto o una serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt; para mí sería el punto donde empieza cualquier discontinuidad aunque técnicamente solo significa una ruptura, y un &lt;em&gt;salto&lt;/em&gt; el espacio entre datos ordenados.  Pero &lt;em&gt;laguna&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;vacío&lt;/em&gt; son algo más genéricos para mí.  Póngote un ejemplo de como lo ideo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1   2   3   4   5   6   7&#xA;2   4   6   8  10  12  14 &#xA;3   6   9  12  15  18  21&#xA;4   8  12  16  20  24  28&#xA;5  10  15  20  25  30  35&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tenemos datos bien ordenados.  Voy ahora a quitar algunos datos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1   2   3   4   5   6   7&#xA;2   4  --  --  10  12  14&#xA;3   6  --  --  15  18  21&#xA;4   8  --  --  20  24  28&#xA;5  10  15  20  25  --  35&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los seis datos borrados conjuntamente hacen una &lt;em&gt;laguna&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;vacío&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero siguiendo cualquier línea (digamos, 2, 4, 6 … horizontalmente) tenemos un salto del 4 al 10, otro del 6 al 15, etc.  Y yo diría que tenemos una brecha que aparece tras el 4, el 6, el 8, y antes del 10, 15, y 20 (y yendo verticalmente, después del 3 y 4 y antes del 15 y 20). Finalmente, hay otra &lt;em&gt;laguna/hueco/vacío&lt;/em&gt; al final (después del 35) que podríamos considerar también una brecha, pero por carecer de otro número después, no lo veo muy oportuno llamarlo un salto (que implica dos lados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, si la serie es de 2D, no habría diferencia perceptible pues un hueco o una laguna constaría de un solo salto y brecha.  Y si es desordenado, salto y brecha ya no tendría tanto sentido, pero &lt;em&gt;laguna&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hueco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vacío&lt;/em&gt; sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(obviamente, &lt;em&gt;gap&lt;/em&gt; en otros contextos tiene diversas traducciones como &lt;em&gt;brecha&lt;/em&gt; cuando se trata de diferencias entre dos cosas, &lt;em&gt;lapsos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;intervalos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;desfases&lt;/em&gt; al hablar de tiempo, &lt;em&gt;grietas&lt;/em&gt; en piedra u otros materiales, &lt;em&gt;abismo&lt;/em&gt; en sentido más poético o figurativo, etc; pero me limito al contexto que diste)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T17:04:52.727" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T17:04:52.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20710" CreationDate="2017-04-28T18:17:11.130" Score="5" ViewCount="4500" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos momento estoy leyendo un libro y en él encuentro la palabra &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;aguas mayores&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;su propia hija, que por indiscreción había visto sus &lt;strong&gt;aguas mayores&lt;/strong&gt; en el dormitorio, contestara que de verdad la bacinilla era de mucho oro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13696" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T18:49:51.303" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T18:49:51.303" Title="¿Qué son las &quot;aguas mayores&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20709" CreationDate="2017-04-28T18:46:49.783" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aguas mayores&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir excrementos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;agua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aguas mayores&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. pl. Excremento humano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. pl. Mar. Las más grandes mareas de los equinoccios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma manera que las &lt;em&gt;menores&lt;/em&gt; son las orinas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aguas menores&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. pl. Orina humana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. pl. Mar. Mareas diarias o comunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy raro oír esta expresión en el habla cotidiana, incluso en la culta. No deja de ser una forma muy fina de hablar para un concepto que tiene mil y una variantes, no tan finas pero igualmente púdicas. Yo la he visto sobre todo para decir &lt;em&gt;que se va a hacer X&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;voy a hacer aguas mayores/menores&lt;/em&gt;. Para calificar la orina o el excremento no lo había leído nunca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, para ser fino uno puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy al baño / servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T18:46:49.783" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20719" CreationDate="2017-04-28T21:35:20.407" Score="7" ViewCount="16812" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard both &quot;ti&quot; and &quot;te&quot; in learning Spanish, and I don't understand the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ti&quot; I've heard in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Y a ti?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &quot;te&quot; I've heard in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te gusta ___?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what's the difference in how they're used? Why isn't it &quot;y a te&quot; or &quot;ti gusta _&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:09:23.650" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T10:11:26.707" Title="What's the difference between &quot;ti&quot; and &quot;te&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20711" CreationDate="2017-04-28T22:48:24.017" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ti&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; are both second person singular pronouns, the equivalent of English singular &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; in object position. The difference has to do with emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; is the non-emphatic pronoun. It is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clitic&lt;/a&gt;, i. e. it appears always phonetically attached to another word (in this case, a verb). As with other non-emphatic pronouns, it may go either before or after the verb, depending on certain rules. If it goes before, it is written separately; if after, it is written together with the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; vi esta mañana pero no pude hablar&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I saw &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; this morning but I couldn't talk to &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ti&lt;/em&gt; is the emphatic form of the second person singular pronoun. It is not a clitic, so it has its own stress; it is not attached to other words. It is used after prepositions. Note that in Spanish the direct object of a verb, if it refers to a person, requires the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, so you will find this emphatic form a lot in those cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para esta tarea te elijo a &lt;strong&gt;ti&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;For this task I choose &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As above, you will sometimes find both &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; in the same sentence, referring to the same person, when they are the object of a verb. You cannot say &lt;em&gt;Yo elijo a ti&lt;/em&gt; (without &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;); it's ungrammatical. You will find &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; on its own when it is not the verb object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traje esto para &lt;strong&gt;ti&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I brought this for &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above works the same for &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; (first person singular), except that the emphatic pronouns are actually written together with the preposition &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; and they change form: &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;contigo&lt;/em&gt;. The rest of the pronouns do not have special emphatic forms (the same forms are used as in the subject position). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T10:11:26.707" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T10:11:26.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20676" CreationDate="2017-04-29T02:37:52.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase ideal, a mi aviso, sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento haberte llamado a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esa frase no era una de las opciones, así que vamos a evaluar las tres opciones que te dieron.  Se puede descubrir la solución eliminando las opciones subóptimas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Siento que te llame a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento que te llame a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Siento llamarte a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El (1) y el (2) no funcionan muy bien porque &lt;em&gt;Siento que&lt;/em&gt; se tiene que seguir por un sujeto diferente, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siento que tengas tan mala opinión de mí.  (&lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; siento, &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; tienes mala opinion.  &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; ≠ &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso deja el (3), que no contradice ninguna regla o convenio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T02:37:52.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20681" CreationDate="2017-04-29T03:03:06.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The three answers given so far are quite edifying and deserve upvotes, in my opinion.  But I think you were at least partially asking something else, so I'm going to write a supplemental answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned Spanish as second language (as a young adult) and if I put myself in your shoes, at your stage of learning, I think what you are trying to figure out is, why is the subjunctive needed in these examples?  I can imagine that at your stage, constructing the subjunctive version is a bit more work than expressing the idea in the non-subjunctive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turns out that in all the examples you gave, the non-subjunctive version would be fine.  Astute of you to notice this!  However, there are situations where you really don't have two choices.  Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que dejes de hacer tanto ruido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, I can't convert the sentence in the same way you converted your examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the book you're working with, but perhaps it is a small flaw in their presentation, to omit examples that only work with the subjunctive approach; or perhaps a couple of lessons down the line they will get to that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:16:10.970" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:16:10.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20718" CreationDate="2017-04-29T03:14:59.967" Score="1" ViewCount="5315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy creando un sitio web para una pequeña empresa que tiene algunos enlaces que se refieren a (en inglés) &quot;IT&quot; (&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;nformation &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;echnology, o sea en español, tecnología de la información).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se usa las siglas &quot;TI&quot; para abreviar &quot;information technology&quot;, pero en español, ¿se puede escribir &quot;TI&quot; (&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;ecnología de la &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;nformación) para decir la misma cosa? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O hay una mejor manera de abreviar la &quot;tecnología de la información&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am creating a website for a small company that has some links referring to (in English) &quot;information technology&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, &quot;information technology&quot; is abbreviated &quot;IT&quot;, but in Spanish, is it &quot;TI&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there a better way of abbreviating &quot;information technology&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example is a link which in English reads “IT Staff Directory”. I'm wondering whether in Spanish having that link read “&lt;strong&gt;Directorio de personal de TI&lt;/strong&gt;” would be appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user16611" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:46:31.787" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:55:43.023" Title="¿Cómo debo abreviar la &quot;tecnología de la información&quot;?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20686" CreationDate="2017-04-29T03:16:57.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase original: &lt;strong&gt;Yo me alegro mucho de que mi hermano tenga un mejor empleo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hipótesis (1): Me alegro porque mi hermano YA tiene este empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hipótesis (2): Me alegro porque mi hermano va a tener este empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hipótesis (3): Me alegro para que mi hermano tenga este empleo. (O sea mi alegría es la causa que mi hermano pueda tener este empleo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que entiendo tu duda.  Bueno, veremos si sí....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase original bien puede significar (1) o (2), pero no puede significar el (3).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si agregamos un adverbio, será claramente el (2):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me alegro mucho de que mi hermano &lt;em&gt;pronto&lt;/em&gt; tenga un mejor empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentario para tí: A veces el español es así de impreciso.  Es un poco como una novela donde el fin del tramo no está completamente claro, y se deja algo a la imaginación del lector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentario para @prgrm: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;la pregunta no da para más&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;: De acuerdo.  Traté de ampliar un poquito más porque Ruslan seguía con una duda, pero apoyé tu respuesta con mi voto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentario para los demás expertos que participan aquí: Al igual que @prgrm, no tengo gran cosa que ofrecer para justificar mi conclusión.  Solo mi intuición y un poquito de lógica.  Pero a veces se puede hacer un aporte aún así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T03:16:57.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20716" CreationDate="2017-04-29T03:53:42.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnolog%C3%ADa_de_la_informaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;TI&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; según Wikipedia. Si no, se puede usar &lt;em&gt;IT&lt;/em&gt; que también es aceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16612" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:44:51.440" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:44:51.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20711" CreationDate="2017-04-29T04:20:55.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An edifying answer from Pablo, but I want to help the OP understand the pattern and develop some intuition for the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why isn't it &quot;Y a te&quot; and &quot;¿Ti gusta el saco azul?&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te&lt;/em&gt; is a very unstressed word, kind of like &quot;a&quot; (indefinite article) in English.  For example, &quot;I could eat a horse&quot;: notice that &quot;a&quot; has the smallest amount of stress of all the syllables in the sentence.  In the pronunciation of &quot;te&quot;, we have an analogous situation.  Imagine two polite people surpassing each other in their polite thanking: &quot;Thank you.&quot;  &quot;Thank &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;  &quot;No, really, it is &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; who have gone out of your way to help me etc.&quot; And now in Spanish: &quot;Gracias.&quot;  &quot;Gracias a &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;  Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;¿Te gusta el saco azul?&quot; the &quot;te&quot; is an unstressed word.  The most stressed word in this sentence is &quot;azul,&quot; and &quot;te&quot; does not get much stress.  &quot;Ti&quot; wouldn't fit here because &quot;ti&quot; is a stressed word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to show emphasis, for example, &quot;I know that &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; like the blue jacket better, but my boss wants me to wear the black one&quot;: &quot;Sé que a &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; te gusta más el saco azul, pero mi jefe quiere que use el negro.&quot;  I'm using italics for &quot;ti&quot; here so you'll notice how I spelled it, and also to indicate the intonation.  &quot;Ti&quot; here is quite stressed, and this indicates the contrast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, &quot;ti&quot; works more comfortably in a stressed pronunciation, and &quot;te&quot; is more of a throwaway word (in terms of pronunciation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T04:20:55.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20821" CreationDate="2017-04-29T05:04:19.410" Score="4" ViewCount="7630" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;tumbaburro&lt;/em&gt; es un protector delantero de camiones ligeros, también conocida como la &lt;em&gt;burrera&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/faxbx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/faxbx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Burrera de troca&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo el DRAE solamente acepta &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=atH85rq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (plural, fíjese) como una forma mexicana y festiva (!) de &lt;em&gt;diccionario&lt;/em&gt;. Hay un ejemplar famoso del Jiménez (1977) que trata de la jerga mexicana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6FCT1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6FCT1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Tumbaburro de la Picardia Mexicana&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente la palabra no aparece en mis diccionarios de jerga, ni siquiera en el que está arriba. Buscando su significado, pregunté a un amigo chilango, que me sugirió que tumbar a un burro es darle satisfacción sexual, que despues se duerme. Luego noté que existe el dicho, &quot;tumbado del burro&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionariosdigitales.net/GLOSARIOS%20y%20VOCABULARIOS/JERGA%20MEXICANA-CALICHE.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reportado como &quot;loco&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de los sentidos no literales de la palabra? ¿Se ha visto otro &lt;em&gt;tumbaburro&lt;/em&gt; mas allá de la obra del Jiménez?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:33:51.280" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T06:51:16.963" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;tumbaburros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20721" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-29T08:47:34.447" Score="1" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you were to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If each person learns one of the languages, then the languages will be protected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would the 'aprender' be conjugated in the subjunctive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si cada persona &lt;strong&gt;aprenda&lt;/strong&gt; uno de las lenguas, entonces se protegerán las lenguas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:26:56.553" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T23:05:07.697" Title="Would the subjunctive be used in &quot;Si cada persona aprenda uno de las lenguas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14879" CreationDate="2017-04-29T09:38:53.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Old thread, but just in case...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas Spanish only has non-aspirated plosives, English has both aspirated and non-aspirated plosives. Just compare the /p/ in &quot;pain&quot; and the /p/ in &quot;Spain&quot; and you'll clearly see the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that if you can speak English correctly, you already know hot to say non-aspirated plosives. Since in English /p/, /t/ and /k/ are aspirated only when they are the first letter of a stressed syllable, when speaking Spanish you should use the same /p/ as in &quot;potato&quot;, where only the first &quot;t&quot; is aspirated, but not the &quot;p&quot; or the second &quot;t&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16615" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T09:38:53.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20726" CreationDate="2017-04-29T13:01:12.973" Score="7" ViewCount="4617" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know the origin of the phrase &quot;dar a luz&quot;, meaning &quot;give birth&quot;? Where or whom did this phrase come from? Is it unique to the Spanish language? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16613" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T22:16:20.993" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T15:08:39.117" Title="What is the origin of &quot;dar a luz&quot;, referring to giving birth?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20763" CreationDate="2017-04-29T16:29:51.450" Score="1" ViewCount="6790" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa expresión me resulta incómoda, como si fuera incorrecta aunque no sabría decir porqué. Me parece que el problema es &quot;hay&quot; uno no dice &quot;afuera hay lluvia&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16616" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T18:14:17.390" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:14:17.390" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;hay mucho viento afuera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;&lt;haber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21891" CreationDate="2017-04-29T16:58:50.170" Score="2" ViewCount="1167" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si lo que pienso es correcto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el momento siguiente prefirió quedarse en silencio &lt;strong&gt;puesto que la&#xA;  situación hubiera resultado rara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gramática española dice que después de &quot;puesto que&quot; se utiliza el indicativo porque indica una causa con certeza. ¿Se puede decir que en este caso se trata de la alternancia entre el condicional compuesto y el pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T02:43:59.450" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:20:15.797" Title="&quot;Puesto que&quot; + modo verbal" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20723" CreationDate="2017-04-29T17:44:58.383" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of the idiomatic phrase &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; to mean not just “bring to light” in general but by extension more specifically “give birth to” has its origin in providing a softer euphemism for human birth than for animal birth, where &lt;em&gt;parir&lt;/em&gt; is more commonly use for the physical act of live birth. Today we use &lt;em&gt;parir&lt;/em&gt; only for non-human animals or occasionally in medicine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phrase was originally used in this way by Christian writers in reference to the Nativity and the Light of the World. In &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=CT_9ck4gGAwC&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA256&amp;amp;dq=%22dar+a+luz%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjI69CMi8rTAhWDRiYKHfz9BPc4ChDoAQhkMAk#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22dar%20a%20luz%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;one 1628 sermon&lt;/a&gt; regarding what they write as “la Expectacion de la virgen Maria” we read the following, in which the writer of the sermon forges a clear metaphorical connection between the original Christian &lt;em&gt;Lux Mundi&lt;/em&gt;, the “light of the world”, and the birth event that brought this to light:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unas venturosas esperanças son oy el motivo de la solemnidad presente, y la materia de este Sermon una Expectacion gozosa aun antes del logro feliz del Nacimiento, en que yà la Aurora celestial &lt;strong&gt;Maria està de parto para dar a luz al Sol&lt;/strong&gt; de la eternidad, que ha de amanecer en tiempo de sus Purissimas Entrañas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(Note also the phrase &lt;em&gt;estar de parto&lt;/em&gt;: the use of &lt;em&gt;parto&lt;/em&gt; for birth can also be found in the English words &lt;em&gt;partogram&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;partograph&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the next century, this phrase still saw use in its broader, non-natal sense of “bring to light”, as seen on page XXVI of the front matter to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=PrxKAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PR26&amp;amp;dq=%22dar+a+luz%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjI69CMi8rTAhWDRiYKHfz9BPc4ChDoAQhOMAY#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22dar%20a%20luz%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1726 &lt;em&gt;Diccionário de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se juntará la Académia un dia en cada semana, para tratar, assi de lo que se fuere trabajando, para perficionar las obras que la Académia &lt;strong&gt;huviere de dar à luz&lt;/strong&gt;, como da las matérias tocantes al gobierno, y buen régimen de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although we can find examples of using &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; in the special extended sense of giving birth dating back to at least the seventeenth century, it is only at the start of the twentieth century that it enjoyed a dramatic increase as shown in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=dar+a+luz&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2010&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdar%20a%20luz%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Google ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qJPVt.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qJPVt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Google Ngram for &amp;quot;dar a luz&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The oldest Spanish translations of Genesis 38:1-5 have &lt;em&gt;parió&lt;/em&gt;, but modern translations now all have &lt;em&gt;dio a luz&lt;/em&gt; in those verses. That’s because today it is considered too “coarse” (rude) to use &lt;em&gt;parir&lt;/em&gt; with human beings; that term is now mostly reserved for animals, or for insults imputing animal birth such as those ending in &lt;em&gt;“...la madre que te parió”&lt;/em&gt;.  We instead soften this for human beings and use &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; or occasionally the similarly extended sense of &lt;em&gt;alumbrar&lt;/em&gt; to mean the same thing. (Some clinical uses of &lt;em&gt;alumbrar&lt;/em&gt; have a more specific meaning related to what in English we call the afterbirth.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, the use of &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; for this is not unique to Spanish.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/dar%20%C3%A0%20luz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Portuguese has &lt;em&gt;“dar à luz”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/dare_alla_luce&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Italian has &lt;em&gt;“dare alla luce”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to mean the same thing. The only real difference between the Spanish use and the Portuguese and Italian uses is the addition of the feminine definite article before those other two closely related languages’ respective words for light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;French certainly does have the expression &lt;em&gt;“donner (à, de) la lumière”&lt;/em&gt;, but there it is used in the more generally applicable sense of shedding light on something, not specifically for human birth. Nonetheless, some French writers are aware of the Spanish sense of the phrase, as shown here in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lejsl.com/loisirs/2014/11/16/donner-la-lumiere&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;an article from &lt;em&gt;Le Journal&lt;/em&gt; entitled “Donner la lumière”&lt;/a&gt; about a novel written in “fragnol”, in which the author discusses her borrowings into French of Spanish idiomatic expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;« Non, ma mère était morte depuis longtemps lorsque j’ai commencé à écrire Pas Pleurer. Il s’est agi, pour moi, de la faire revivre, de la faire renaître, &lt;strong&gt;on dirait en espagnol “dar la luz”, “donner la lumière”.&lt;/strong&gt; Et j’ai eu un grand bonheur à le faire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T04:12:26.420" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T04:12:26.420" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20716" CreationDate="2017-04-29T22:26:39.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que &quot;Directorio de personal de TI&quot; se podría entender.  Quizás sería un poquito mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Directorio del departamento de T.I.  (Puse los puntos para que se pronuncien las dos letras.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Directorio del servicio informático&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:26:39.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20716" CreationDate="2017-04-29T22:55:43.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con lo dicho por guifa en los comentarios: por influencia del francés (desconocía este matiz), es común utilizar solamente &lt;em&gt;informática&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;IT&lt;/em&gt; se usa por influencia directa inglesa y &lt;em&gt;TI&lt;/em&gt; lo he visto utilizado en organismos oficiales (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ctti.gencat.cat/ca/inici/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CTTI&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;em&gt;Centre de Telecomunicacions i Tecnologies de la Informació&lt;/em&gt;, organismo catalán cuyo nombre se traduce como &lt;em&gt;Centro de Telecomunicaciones y Tecnologías de la Información&lt;/em&gt;). También es común encontrarse con &lt;em&gt;TIC&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación&lt;/em&gt;) en el ámbito educativo, cuando hablan de competencias de los alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, fuera de estos ámbitos es raro encontrar &lt;em&gt;TI&lt;/em&gt; y la gente no lo reconocerá inmediatamente. Para evitar, pues, la duda, puedes indicar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Directorio del departamento de informática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incluso directamente usar lo siguiente si se trata de una empresa en la que los informáticos son los únicos técnicos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Directorio del deparatamento tecnológico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T22:55:43.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20721" CreationDate="2017-04-29T23:05:07.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this type of conditional structure you can use several patterns (and you can't mix them). The patterns are not that different from those of English, except of course in English the present subjunctive is not distinct from the past indicative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if [present indicative] then [future indicative]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if [imperfect subjunctive] then [simple conditional]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if [pluperfect subjunctive] then [compound conditional]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, using you example as the model (and translating a bit more naturally):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si cada persona aprende una de las lenguas, las mismas estarán a salvo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;If each person learns... they will be safe.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si cada persona aprendiese una de las lenguas, las mismas estarían a salvo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;If each person learned... they would be safe.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si cada persona hubiese aprendido una de las lenguas, las mismas habrían estado a salvo.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;If each person had learned... they would have been safe.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first example (using the indicative) is a general conditional statement. It may refer either to a condition in the actual present or be a timeless statement. It implies that the condition might be fulfilled at any time. If you do X, then Y will happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second example (using the imperfect subjunctive) is a hypothetical statement. There's not that big a difference with the first example but there's a sense that things are not that easy; the condition might very well not be fulfilled. If you did X (but maybe you don't, who knows?) then Y would happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third example is rather different (and not what you asked for, but I'm including it for completeness' sake). It's a counterfactual hypothetical statement, that is, a hypothesis about an outcome that didn't take place. If you had done X (but obviously you didn't...) then Y would have happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's another possible pattern that uses the future subjunctive, but the future subjunctive has fallen into disuse (you'll only find it in legal documents, mostly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T23:05:07.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21175" CreationDate="2017-04-29T23:05:48.453" Score="7" ViewCount="1901" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuántas veces habremos oído en España expresiones del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese señor está forrado. Desde que vendió la empresa a esa multinacional, dicen que &lt;strong&gt;está podrido de dinero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya lo recoge el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TUJoCcv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;podrido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. de &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una persona o de una institución: Corrompida o dominada por la inmoralidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar podrido, da de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Tener en gran abundancia dinero u otros bienes materiales. Están podridos de dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el Diccionario de americanismos me encuentro con que, además, tiene distintas acepciones en otros lugares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=q7HqNd4yhx0AT30chfV%7CcUczkHidix0A4FUyg8R&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;podrido, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. Ni, CR, Ec, Bo:E, Py, Ar, Ur. Referido a persona, harta, molesta, enfadada. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  adj. Ch. Referido a cosa, de mala calidad. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  adj. Ho. Referido a persona, drogadicta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que alguien &lt;em&gt;podrido&lt;/em&gt; en el cono sur viene a ser alguien enfadado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, además, la primera acepción ofrece otras sorpresas en cuanto a significados regionales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;podrida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  f. Bo, Py. Bronca, riña o disputa ruidosa. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  f. Cu. Asunto difícil, molesto o complicado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    la ~. loc. sust. Bo, Ar, Ur. Pelea, situación violenta o caótica. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguno de ellos vuelve a la acepción de &quot;tener mucho de algo&quot;, especialmente dinero. ¿Alguien sabe de dónde viene? ¿Acaso es porque cuando tienes mucho de algo se te puede pudrir? Si fuera esto, diríamos &lt;em&gt;podrído con dinero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-11-28T17:30:27.133" Title="¿Por qué en España &quot;estar podrido de dinero&quot; quiere decir tener mucho?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-30T02:38:08.820" Score="6" ViewCount="629" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B4AIh45&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coscarse&lt;/a&gt; es un verbo pronominal que significa &quot;darse cuenta&quot; o &quot;concomerse&quot;. De acuerdo al DRAE su etimología viene del latín &lt;em&gt;coxicare, de coxa&lt;/em&gt;, 'cadera'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/coxa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coxa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, aparte de &quot;cadera&quot; puede significar el &quot;primer segmento de la pata de los artrópodos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo llegó esta palabra entonces a ser usada como equivalente de &quot;se va a dar cuenta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-12-21T12:06:19.830" LastActivityDate="2020-12-21T12:06:19.830" Title="¿Cómo llegó &quot;coscarse&quot; a significar &quot;darse cuenta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20789" CreationDate="2017-04-30T03:36:26.910" Score="1" ViewCount="308" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basic Idea:  Translate the following text faithfully, using as few letters as possible.  Anyone can play.  Pick a style, say what it is, and be consistent.  If your text is accepted as a valid translation, and is &lt;strong&gt;more concise&lt;/strong&gt; than anyone else's, then you'll be declared the winner, and you'll get to propose the text for the next round.  Post your character count in bold.  On your mark, get set, go!  You have one week before the gong sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Unencumbered by the Thought Process&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;by Tom and Ray Magliozzi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: Back around 1973 we opened a place called “Hackers Haven,” where&#xA;people could rent our tools and fix their own cars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ray: We figured it was a “can’t miss” idea.  We saw ourselves standing&#xA;around in white lab coats and collecting the money while people lay&#xA;under their cars and banged their own heads on transmission housings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: But, alas, it didn’t work out that way.  You see, most people&#xA;needed help.  Before we knew it, we were helping them fix their cars.&#xA;And they were standing around in white lab coats and we were banging&#xA;our heads on their transmissions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(496 characters.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;slightly edited excerpt from their book,&lt;/em&gt; Ask Click and Clack: Answers from Car Talk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic translation (684 characters) provided for reference (hover over the yellow if you want to see it):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Sin responsabilidad por el proceso de pensamiento &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; por Tom y Ray Magliozzi&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Tom: Alrededor de 1973 abrimos un taller llamado &amp;quot;Hackers Haven&amp;quot; (Albergue de los Reparadores Amateur de Autos), donde la gente podía alquilar nuestras herramientas y componer sus propios autos.&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Ray: Pensamos que era una idea que no podía fallar.  Nos imaginamos sin gran cosa que hacer, vestidos de bata blanca de laboratorio, recibiendo el dinero mientras la gente trabajaba debajo de sus coches, dándose golpes en la cabeza contra sus transmisiones.&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Tom: Pero, lástima, no salió así.  Lo que pasó fue que la gente necesitaba ayuda.  Pronto nos encontrábamos ayudándoles a componer sus coches.  Y ellos eran los que no tenían gran cosa que hacer, vestidos de bata blanca de laboratorio, y nosotros éramos los que nos dábamos golpes en la cabeza contra sus transmisiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;fine print rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;And the winner is... Diego at 344 characters.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:07:23.410" Title="Translation Golf: &quot;Car Talk&quot; Excerpt for some fun" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-30T14:25:33.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20735" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-30T14:25:23.467" Score="1" ViewCount="829" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las líneas poéticas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Que me lleve el mar!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy cansado de tanto querer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cual sería la diferencia posible e implicaciones emocionales entre &lt;em&gt;soy cansado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estoy cansado&lt;/em&gt; excepto que el ritmo sería diferente en cado caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los otros ejémplos tienen la estructura del tipo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cansado + de + verbo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sin pronombres personales ni, en algunos casos, los verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cansado de mirar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en la tristeza de tus ojos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Andres Cabas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cansado de mirar de lejos (Eugenia Perez)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;estoy cansado de sentir los muertos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Jaguares)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces encuentro estructuras del tipo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ser cansado de hacer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, pero en los otros modos, tiempos o personas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si eres cansado de intentar encontrar lo que deseas...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él fue cansado de crear el mundo..&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1291" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T18:05:06.370" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T01:39:02.730" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia poética entre ser cansado y estar cansado?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20738" CreationDate="2017-04-30T14:49:04.327" Score="5" ViewCount="4498" Body="&lt;p&gt;Expressing wishes or situation which did not actually happen in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have done something ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is translated as condicional compuesto in the book I'm using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habría hecho&lt;/strong&gt; algo ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, 3. conditional has the following structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si + pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo + condicional compuesto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, &lt;strong&gt;habría pasado&lt;/strong&gt; otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, based on my observations in Guatemala and various Latin American countries, it seems these two sentences are very often, if not always, expressed as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hubiera hecho algo ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, hubiera pasado otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, to avoid repetition, one part of the conditional uses the -ese form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, hubiese pasado otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example from right now, a quotation from 'El señor de los cielos':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sido&lt;/strong&gt; suficiente haber matado a ese desgraciado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it would also be correct to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi no &lt;strong&gt;habría sido&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as I think this is what my book preaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this something specific to latin america, is it some high order grammar I just haven't learned yet, or maybe just one of those things that are not grammatically correct but the way people generally speak?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this seems to happen just for the past and 3. conditional; 2. conditional (the part without the 'si') and current hypothetical situations always use condicional simple and can't use subjuntivo (imperfecto or whatever):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo haría esto ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera rico, &lt;strong&gt;viajaría&lt;/strong&gt; por el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo hiciera esto ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera rico, &lt;strong&gt;viajara&lt;/strong&gt; por el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T16:52:22.913" Title="Habría hecho vs hubiera hecho" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20737" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-30T15:00:13.680" Score="1" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la estrofa siguiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De amante, carezco una onda y soñé con Inlé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;atraído al fondo por númenes azul oscuro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y mis pies se convierten en la cola de un pez, os lo juro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;todo eso con mis otros sueños dorados soñé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿se pronuncian todas las vocales en la tercera línea, o es posible que el autor use elisión? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál será la definición del ritmo poético en cado caso, es decir, con la elisión y sin ella?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T19:42:02.740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T03:55:32.583" Title="¿Cuál es la métrica poética de las líneas siguientes?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20736" CreationDate="2017-04-30T15:13:31.237" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble finding authoritative references about this, but in any case, the living language goes beyond that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the &quot;proper&quot; structure for the phrases you're referring to is as you were taught: &lt;code&gt;if [pluperfect subjunctive] then [compound conditional]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, habría pasado otra cosa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as you also have heard, often this structure is replaced by one with two subjunctive verbs. This is not exclusive of Guatemala or of Central America; I hear it and use it all the time in Argentina, and according to at least &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/subjuntivo-en-condicionales-569/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;one anecdotal source&lt;/a&gt;, it was already common in Spain ten years ago. The fact that the subjunctive ending in &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; alternates with &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; in some cases may indeed reflect an effort to avoid cacophony, or it may be nothing of the sort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case you can use subjunctive/conditional or subjunctive/subjunctive and you will be understood by native speakers without a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have already noticed, this is only for the compound tenses. The simple tenses work as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In recent times (as I hear) there's been another development: the use of the compound conditional for both parts of the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si habría hecho algo, habría pasado otra cosa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina this is considered horribly ill-sounding to some of us, but it seems we're losing that battle, since it's no longer only younger speakers coming up with this. For a language student I would say this form is a definite no, but of course you need to know about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T15:13:31.237" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20731" CreationDate="2017-04-30T15:19:23.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No conocía el término, así que ofrezco esto solo como posibilidad. (&lt;em&gt;Coscarse&lt;/em&gt; no es una palabra habitual en Chile, en ninguno de sus sentidos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La onomatopeya '&lt;strong&gt;cosc&lt;/strong&gt;' imita el ruido del golpe dado a un objeto duro. De ella derivarían (al menos según la etimología de Corominas, veo que la RAE piensa otra cosa) varias palabras relacionadas con el ruido de golpes: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuesco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;hueso de la fruta&quot;, &quot;pedo&quot;), &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coscurro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;pan duro&quot;), &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escoscar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;pelar frutos secos&quot;), &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cosquillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (aquí veo difícil encontrar una relación... mis disculpas), y &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coscorrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;golpe de nudillos en la cabeza&quot;, al que los chilenos le decimos &lt;em&gt;coscacho&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras son de origen ibérico. Probablemente otras, las que tienen las raíces calc- y casc-, también sean onomatopéyicas, aunque son muy anteriores, las heradamos del griego y el latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que yo veo es que &lt;em&gt;coscarse&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;darse cuenta de algo&quot;, puede surgir como un juego expresivo, de darte un golpe en la cabeza con la nueva idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T19:27:44.873" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T19:27:44.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20701" CreationDate="2017-04-30T15:25:45.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina un &lt;em&gt;pincho&lt;/em&gt; es cualquier cosa que pinche o que se pueda pinchar, pero el uso es bastante restringido. A mí me sugiere un objeto de origen natural, sea vegetal o animal (pero las rosas y los pescados tienen &lt;em&gt;espinas&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;pinchos&lt;/em&gt;, y las cositas de madera que se le clavan a uno son &lt;em&gt;astillas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al &lt;em&gt;palillo&lt;/em&gt; (mondadientes de madera) se le llama &lt;em&gt;escarbadientes&lt;/em&gt; (algunas personas dicen &lt;em&gt;mondadientes&lt;/em&gt; pero en general nos suena tan ridículo como decir &lt;em&gt;emparedado&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;sandwich&lt;/em&gt;). Un palo pequeño es un &lt;em&gt;palito&lt;/em&gt; (el &lt;em&gt;-illo/a&lt;/em&gt; como diminutivo no se emplea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conocemos también el uso de &lt;em&gt;pincho&lt;/em&gt; en España como comida, pero aquí no tenemos un nombre específico. Si el pincho ensarta muchas cosas (a la manera de una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banderilla_(tapa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;banderilla&lt;/a&gt;) a eso le llamamos &lt;em&gt;brochettes&lt;/em&gt; (pronunciado &lt;em&gt;brochet&lt;/em&gt;). En Perú a esas mismas banderillas les dicen &lt;em&gt;anticuchos&lt;/em&gt; y estoy seguro de que cada país de la región tiene un nombre distinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T15:25:45.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20737" CreationDate="2017-04-30T16:25:49.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En determinar la métrica, primero recomiendo separar por sílabas, sin tener en cuenta transformaciones como sinalefa, diéresis, o sinérisis.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Así tenemos lo siguiente, contando tradicionalmente:&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1  2   3    4  5   6    7   8    9   10  11 12 13  14  15  16 17 18&#xA;De a-  man- te ca- rez- co  u-   na  on- da y  so- ñé  con In-lé +1  &#xA;a- tra-í-   do al  fon- do  por  núm-en- es az-ul  os- cu- ro   &#xA;y  mis pies se con-vier-ten en   la  co- la de un  pez os  lo ju-ro  &#xA;to-do  e-   so con mis  o-  tros sue-ños do-ra-dos so- ñé  +1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos, no hay correspondencia, así que debe haber transformaciones.  Las transformaciones posibles las marco en negrita si acaban restando una sílaba en la cuenta y en cursiva en caso de agregar una (no hay cesura, así que pueden ocurrir dondequiera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De‿a&lt;/strong&gt; - man - te - ca - rez - &lt;strong&gt;co‿u&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;na‿on&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;da‿y&lt;/strong&gt; - so - ñé - con - In - lé &lt;strong&gt;[&lt;sup&gt; +0&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-4 &lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a - &lt;strong&gt;tra‿í&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;do‿al&lt;/strong&gt; - fon - do - por - núm - en - es - az - ul - os - cu - ro &lt;strong&gt;[&lt;sup&gt; +0&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-2 &lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y - mis - &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;pi&lt;/sup&gt;∕&lt;sub&gt;es&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; - se - con - &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;vi&lt;/sup&gt;∕&lt;sub&gt;er&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; - ten - en - la - co - la - &lt;strong&gt;de‿un&lt;/strong&gt; - pez - os - lo - ju - ro &lt;strong&gt;[&lt;sup&gt; +2&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-1 &lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  to - &lt;strong&gt;do‿e&lt;/strong&gt; - so - con - mis - o - tros - &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;su&lt;/sup&gt;∕&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; - ños - do - ra - dos - so - ñé &lt;strong&gt;[&lt;sup&gt; +1&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-1 &lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así para el recuento final podemos ver que el primero verso se puede pensar como de entre 14 y 18 sílabas, la segunda de entre 14 y 16, la tercera entre 17 y 20, y la cuarta de entre 15 y 17; todo depende de por cuáles transformaciones optamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello me dice que la métrica debe ser de 15 o 16 sílabas (las sinalefas y sinérisis son más comunes que las diéresis), aunque también sería bien posible algún tipo de alternación entre versos de 18 (o versos octodecasílabos) versos más cortos, sea de 16 (versos hexadecasílabos) o de 15 (versos pentadecasílabo) sílabas.  Con solo cuatro versos, es difícil saber con certeza.  Pero dejémoslo para mirar las tres posibilidades (15, 16 y 18 sílabas) con el tercer verso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas las vocales probablemente se pronunciarán.  Solo hay dos que podrían elidirse, la secuencia &lt;em&gt;en la&lt;/em&gt; puede poética o dialectalmente realizarse como &lt;em&gt;na&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;de un&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;dun&lt;/em&gt;, pero estas cosas normalmente escriben los poetas directamente porque son algo forzados Mucho más común sería una reducción por sinalefa que es muy natural y suave, por ejemplo, pero solo modifica, y no quita, una vocal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si determinamos que el patrón silábico es una alternancia de 18 con 15 o 16 sílabas, ya está, no hay modificación alguna, ya estamos a 18 sílabas.  Caso queramos 15 o 16, hay más trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos primero bajarnos a 17 sílabas sinalefando el &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; (modificación muy frecuente):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y mis pies se convierten en la cola &lt;strong&gt;de‿un&lt;/strong&gt; pez, os lo juro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya dicho, es posible fusionar &lt;em&gt;en la&lt;/em&gt; para tener &lt;em&gt;na&lt;/em&gt; pero a menos que sea un poema muy, muy antiguo, es casi mejor no considerarlo sin que sea la única posibilidad.  Otra posibilidad sería hacer una sinafía,&lt;sup&gt;3.&lt;/sup&gt; que podría bajarnos una sílaba más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;atraí&lt;strong&gt;do‿al&lt;/strong&gt; fondo por númenes azul oscur&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;sub&gt;(‿y…)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  …mis pies se convierten en la cola &lt;strong&gt;de‿un&lt;/strong&gt; pez, os lo juro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora lo hemos bajado a 16. Pero si queremos llegar a 15, es algo más difícil.  De verdad creo que son cosas que el poeta nos debió haber indicado en tal caso.  Si no fusionamos &lt;em&gt;en la&lt;/em&gt;, la otra opción (y la última que me queda), sería trasladar por completo las palabras &lt;em&gt;y mis&lt;/em&gt; (ambas átonas) al segundo verso, así tendríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;atraí&lt;strong&gt;do‿al&lt;/strong&gt; fondo por númenes azul oscur&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;sub&gt;(‿y mis…)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  … pies se convierten en la cola &lt;strong&gt;de‿un&lt;/strong&gt; pez, os lo juro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, aunque habríamos subido el número de sílabas por uno, esta no se computa en el recuento por ser átona al final de la línea (solo se cuenta la primera átona después de la última tónica).  Pero repito mi aviso, esta lectura es muy forzada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Una &lt;strong&gt;sinalefa&lt;/strong&gt; es cuando una palabra termina en vocal y la que le sigue comienza en vocal y en vez de pronunciarse estas dos vocales en sílabas distintas, salen en una: si son diferentes, puede ser diptongo como en &lt;em&gt;libro azul&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;li-brua-zul&lt;/em&gt;) o triptongo como en &lt;em&gt;ambigua idea&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;am-bi-guai-de-a&lt;/em&gt;); si son iguales, solo se pronuncia una como en &lt;em&gt;entre estos&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;en-tres-tos&lt;/em&gt;).  Una &lt;strong&gt;sinéresis&lt;/strong&gt; es parecida, pero cuando dos vocales que deben pronunciarse en sílabas distintas &lt;em&gt;dentro&lt;/em&gt; de una palabra se acaban pronunciando como diptongo: por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;toalla&lt;/em&gt; que debe dividirse &lt;em&gt;to-a-lla&lt;/em&gt; muchas veces sale como &lt;em&gt;tua-lla&lt;/em&gt;.  Una &lt;strong&gt;diéresis&lt;/strong&gt; es cuando se rompe un diptongo, pronunciándola en dos sílabas distintas (y normalmente se marca con ¨ sobre la vocal que iba a ser semivocal), como en &lt;em&gt;rüido&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ru-i-do&lt;/em&gt;) o &lt;em&gt;süave&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;su-a-ve&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Tradicionalmente, cuando se cuentan las sílabas en la poesía española, se el verso acaba en palabra &lt;strong&gt;aguda&lt;/strong&gt; (cuya última sílaba lleva el acento, como en &lt;em&gt;comí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cenar&lt;/em&gt;), vale por una sílabas más.  Si acaba en palabra &lt;em&gt;llana&lt;/em&gt; (cuya penúltima sílaba lleva el acento como en &lt;em&gt;diamante&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;estándar&lt;/em&gt;), vale por cuántas tiene de verdad.  Si acaba en palabra &lt;strong&gt;esdrújula&lt;/strong&gt; (cuya antepenúltima sílaba lleva el acento como, pues, &lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;antepenúltima&lt;/em&gt;), vale por una sílaba menos (y la rima asonante va por la última y antepenúltima sílaba, sin tener en cuenta la penúltima, es decir, &lt;em&gt;último&lt;/em&gt; rima con &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt;). Si es &lt;strong&gt;sobresdrújula&lt;/strong&gt; (acento en la preantepenúltima), vale por dos sílabas menos (o tres, si llegas a tener cuatro sílabas átonas después).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. Una &lt;strong&gt;sinafía&lt;/strong&gt; es básicamente una &lt;em&gt;sinalefa&lt;/em&gt; que ocurre entre dos versos.  La sílaba que originalmente figuraba al principio del segundo verso, al combinar con el verso anterior, ya no cuenta como sílaba, y cualquier consonante final de dicha sílaba, por &lt;strong&gt;enlace&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;encadenamiento&lt;/strong&gt;, probablemente se pronunciará al inicio del segundo verso.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T03:55:32.583" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T03:55:32.583" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20735" CreationDate="2017-04-30T16:38:26.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;cansado&quot;, al igual que otros adjetivos que refieren a un estado temporario, no permanente, se utiliza con &quot;estar&quot;, no con &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen adjetivos -- pero no creo que sea el caso de &quot;cansado&quot; -- que pueden aludir, según se use &quot;ser&quot; o &quot;estar&quot;, a un estado permanente o transitorio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy alegre (soy de temperamento alegre).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy alegre (por una situación en particular).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;ser cansado&quot;, creo que estamos frente a una licencia poética, que transgrede en cierto modo las normas de la gramaticalidad o de la idiomaticidad, puesto que se utiliza la voz pasiva de &quot;cansar&quot; (cosa nada habitual en la lengua española). Mi interpretación es que esa oración significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tanto querer me cansa &gt; Soy cansado por el hecho de querer tanto -&gt; Soy cansado de tanto querer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T01:39:02.730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T01:39:02.730" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-30T20:16:06.807" Score="4" ViewCount="825" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you say &quot;to catch your eye&quot; as in, for example, &quot;the painting catches your eye&quot;?  There are various suggestions in the Word Reference forum, such as &quot;algo que te sorprende&quot; or &quot;llamar la atención&quot;, but I'm not sure which to use - it may not even be either of these.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T21:43:32.800" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T21:43:32.800" Title="How would you say &quot;to catch your eye&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20743" CreationDate="2017-04-30T20:29:31.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;strong&gt;llamar&lt;sub&gt;(le)&lt;/sub&gt; la atención&lt;/strong&gt; is a good equivalent for &lt;em&gt;to catch one's eye&lt;/em&gt;.  To specify whose eye something catches, though, you'll need to use an indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The painting caught his eye.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La pintura &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; llamó la atención&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unless something catches my eye, I'm not going spend any money.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A menos que algo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; llame la atención&lt;/em&gt;, no voy a gastar nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use it without the indirect object, you get something something more akin to the English &lt;em&gt;to be eye-catching&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La torre de aquel castillo de verdad llama la atención, ¿no crees?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  That castle's tower really is eye-catching, wouldn't you say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-04-30T20:37:04.403" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T20:37:04.403" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20732" CreationDate="2017-04-30T20:57:57.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;368&lt;/strike&gt; 347 characters&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensamientos al azar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por Tom y Ray Magliozzi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: Allá por 1973 abrimos el &amp;quot;Hackers Haven&amp;quot;, donde alquilábamos herramientas para reparar coches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ray: Una idea infalible. Nos veíamos en bata blanca cobrando y viendo a la gente bajo sus coches, partiéndose las astas con la transmisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: Pero qué va. Muchos querían ayuda y, al poco, se la dimos. Ellos acabaron en bata blanca viendo cómo nos partíamos las astas con la transmisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There's no need to translate the name of the store.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As in English, the verb &lt;em&gt;alquilar&lt;/em&gt; means both &amp;quot;to obtain the possession and use of a place or article in exchange for rent&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;to allow the possession and use of property in exchange for rent&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BakkB8M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Partirse/Romperse los cuernos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Esforzarse, trabajar mucho.&lt;/em&gt; The expression &amp;quot;to bang one's head on/against something&amp;quot; figuratively means to struggle very hard on some endeavour; hence the Spanish expression &amp;quot;partirse los cuernos&amp;quot;, which I think is the closest match in our language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you say &lt;em&gt;bata blanca&lt;/em&gt; it is implied that it is a lab coat.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Updates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changed the title after the OP's explanation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changed &lt;em&gt;los cuernos&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=44bSLKZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;astas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, meaning the same thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changed &lt;em&gt;no fue así&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy#BGv7dG3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué va&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, used to denote incredulity or negation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changed &lt;em&gt;Mas ¡ay!&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Pero&lt;/em&gt; to avoid archaic expressions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplified the sentence about starting helping others to fix their cars.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T08:42:53.573" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-30T20:57:57.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20749" CreationDate="2017-05-01T06:26:02.040" Score="4" ViewCount="533" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es la frase &quot;tiene programada&quot; gramaticalmente correcta en español? y, si es así, ¿por qué no uno escribe &quot;tiene programado?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came across the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El hombre tiene programada una reunión.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The man has scheduled a meeting.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up to this point in my Spanish language education, I had not learned of constructs combining &quot;tener&quot; with &quot;past participles&quot; (which is what I thought this was initially).  Later, when I looked at it more closely, I wondered why &quot;tiene programado&quot; had not been written instead of &quot;tiene programada.&quot;  I am assuming this is not a mistake, but intentional.  I also assume that the reason it is &quot;programada&quot; and not &quot;programado&quot; is because it is corresponding with &quot;reunión,&quot; a feminine noun.  Can anybody reading this explain the grammar and logic that underlies this construction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente encontré la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El hombre tiene programada una reunión.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The man has scheduled a meeting.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahora en mi educación del idioma español, no había aprendido de constructos combinando &quot;tener&quot; con &quot;participios pasados&quot; (que es lo que pensé esta frase era inicialmente).  Después, cuando la examiné más atentamente, me pregunté por qué &quot;tiene programado&quot; no se había escrito en lugar de &quot;tiene programada.&quot; Asumo que esta frase no es un error, pero intencional.  Asumo también que la razón &quot;programada&quot; se había escrito y no &quot;programado&quot; es porque se corresonde con &quot;reunión,&quot; un sustantivo feminino.  ¿Puede alguien leyendo esto explicar la gramática y lógico que subyace a este construcción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T05:49:14.007" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T05:49:14.007" Title="Is the phrase &quot;tiene programada&quot; grammatically correct in Spanish and, if so, why isn't it &quot;tiene programado?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20747" CreationDate="2017-05-01T08:11:28.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás en lo cierto: &lt;code&gt;programada&lt;/code&gt; se concuerda con &lt;code&gt;reunión&lt;/code&gt; en femenino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El adjetivo debe concordar con el sustantivo en género, número y caso, al igual que el artículo y el participio, por ser considerados como adjetivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi entender, esta frase es un caso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sujeto      verbo   objeto-directo&#xA;El hombre   tiene   la reunión programada&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El objecto directo esta compuesto por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Artículo-determinado   sustantivo   adjetivo/participio&#xA;la                     reunión      programada&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por lo tanto de esperar, que &lt;code&gt;programada&lt;/code&gt; se concuerda con &lt;code&gt;reunión&lt;/code&gt;, y no con &lt;code&gt;El hombre&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Otros ejemplos similares:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mujer tiene un paquete entregado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El perro come la carne roja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T12:48:57.120" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T12:48:57.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20747" CreationDate="2017-05-01T12:23:20.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish participle has two forms or main uses. One is used in the construction of compound tenses, with the auxiliary &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;; this one is invariable (it doesn't take number or gender but always ends in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;). The other works like an adjective and therefore takes number and gender as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, just as you deduced, the reason why it's &lt;em&gt;programada&lt;/em&gt; (feminine singular) is because the participle is agreeing with &lt;em&gt;reunión&lt;/em&gt;. It could also be plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hombre tiene programadas varias reuniones (hoy).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;The man has several meetings scheduled (for today).&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;habere&lt;/em&gt; that meant &quot;to have&quot; (note: the similarity with the English verb is coincidental). In time, Latin came to use this verb as an auxiliary to form certain compound tenses. This must have come from the semantic relationship between &quot;having something done&quot; and &quot;having done something&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From that we got two usages: the one that you found, with &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, and the one that is grammaticalized as a compound tense (&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; + invariable participle). In some cases these are more-or-less interchangeable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya he hecho mi tarea.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I have already done my homework.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ya tengo hecha mi tarea.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I have my homework done already.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not so in the example you mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hombre tiene programada una reunión.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The man has a meeting scheduled.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El hombre ha programado una reunión.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The man has scheduled a meeting.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case the man has a meeting (probably set by someone else) in his schedule; in the second, he himself has scheduled the meeting (for himself and others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other main use for the finite participle (i. e. the one that takes number and gender) is the passive voice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Varias reuniones fueron programadas para hoy.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Several meetings were scheduled for today.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T12:23:20.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20678" CreationDate="2017-05-01T16:34:55.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Buen día&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, &quot;Buen día&quot; es perfectamente utilizable como saludo, al igual que &quot;Hola&quot;, &quot;Buenos dias&quot; o &quot;Buenas tardes&quot;. Quizás no es la opción más frecuente pero, muy dificilmente, no se interpretará como un saludo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del saludo es válido durante todo el día. Tanto mañana como tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Buenos días&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, se utiliza únicamente por la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, la definición de mañana es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Parte del día comprendida entre el amanecer y el mediodía, o la hora de comer o almorzar. Las mañanas de trabajo cunden mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez acabada la mañana, se pasa a usar &quot;Buenas tardes&quot; y después &quot;Buenas Noches&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16637" LastEditorUserId="16637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T17:11:48.760" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T17:11:48.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18098" CreationDate="2017-05-01T16:35:18.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que la palabra &lt;code&gt;mastuerzo&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;mestuerzo&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;nastuerzo&lt;/code&gt; proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;nasturtium&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;nasturcium&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;nariz torcida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El por qué de este significado es materia de debate. Hay quien dice que se debe a algún rasgo de la planta, mientras que otros mencionan un supuesto gesto de fruncir la nariz al probar esta planta, presuntamente, debido a su sabor acre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última explicación parece cuestionable si se trata del berro (otro nombre del mastuerzo), dado que en modo alguno tiene sabor acre sino más bien suave y agradable. Es dable entonces preguntarse si lo del sabor acre podría eventualmente provenir de OTRA especie conocida también como mastuerzo, denominación vulgar que abarca alrededor de cinco especies distintas con sus respectivos nombres científicos. El griego Dioscórides (c.40-c.90) trae en su diccionario de especies botánicas cinco denominaciones griegas diferentes para mastuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventualmente, vaya uno a saber si quienes denominaron a esta planta en latín no estaban haciendo una broma entre ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquiera sea el origen de la frase &quot;nariz torcida&quot; parece claro que se trata de un GESTO DE DESAGRADO, tal vez, el mismo que se siente ante una persona necia, majadera o porfiada. (De paso, en Argentina, por ejemplo, la palabra mastuerzo, de por sí raramente utilizada, ni remotamente tiene la connotación de &quot;necio&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, parecería difícil vincular la palabra MASTUERZO para referirse a una persona necia ya que en el habla vulgar castellana se ha perdido la noción de la etimología &quot;nariz torcida&quot;, y de su significación de gesto de desagrado. (Del mismo modo se ha perdido la noción de que murciélago significa ratón cegezuelo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posibilidad es que quien por primera vez haya usado en castellano el término mastuerzo para aludir a una persona necia, hubiese tenido algún conocimiento del significado etimológico, sea que fuera un profesor de latín, un botánico, un farmacéutico, o cualquier hijo de vecino que hubiera venido a enterarse de ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16638" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T16:45:09.373" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T16:45:09.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20747" CreationDate="2017-05-01T17:12:53.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tiene programado&amp;quot; is also grammatically correct. It depends on what it is referring to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following sentences are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programada una reunión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programado un encuentro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the following ones are incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programada un encuentro (gender disagreement between &amp;quot;programada&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;encuentro&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programado una reunión (gender disagreement between &amp;quot;programado&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;reunión&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember:&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;programada&amp;quot; refers to &amp;quot;reunión&amp;quot; (therefore, there has to be gender/number agreement between them), not to the subject of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A tip:&lt;/strong&gt; you can switch positions like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programada una reunión ... Él tiene una reunión programada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él tiene programado un encuentro ... Él tiene un encuentro programado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have other examples using the &amp;quot;tener+participle+noun&amp;quot; construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella tiene sucia su casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella tiene encendido su teléfono&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16639" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T00:51:39.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-01T18:54:44.713" Score="3" ViewCount="2119" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cómo de bueno es&lt;/strong&gt; este método?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es acaso mejor decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qué tan bueno es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16641" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T19:00:58.997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T04:05:22.827" Title="¿Es correcta la expresión &quot;cómo de bueno es&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20755" CreationDate="2017-05-01T19:07:13.330" Score="4" ViewCount="60107" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente es un no parar: todo el mundo usa expresiones inglesas en su día a día y he de reconocer que algunas de ellas me gustan mucho y confieso que las uso de vez en cuando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La que tengo estos días en mente es &lt;em&gt;on fire&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan está &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;on fire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; últimamente: le han ofrecido un trabajo muy bueno, le tocó la lotería y arde en deseos de colaborar en Spanish Stack Exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;on fire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; esta noche, soy todo ocurrencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, se usa esta expresión para designar que alguien está en un estado pletórico, atravesando una racha especialmente positiva en uno o distintos aspectos de su vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España yo diría cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pletórico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tope (bastante coloquial)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enchufado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así y todo tengo mis dudas de que esté traduciendo enteramente el concepto. ¿Qué os parece? ¿Qué palabra o expresión traduciría el concepto más verazmente en España? ¿Y cuál se usa en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T07:53:06.470" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T05:06:13.940" Title="¿Cómo se puede decir &quot;on fire&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20754" CreationDate="2017-05-01T19:57:44.970" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Paradójicamente la traducción literal &amp;quot;estar que arde (o que quema)&amp;quot; se refiere a situaciones tensas donde se han &lt;em&gt;acalorado&lt;/em&gt; los ánimos y los participantes están enfadados o directamente peledos (o peleándose).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo apostaría por la expresión &amp;quot;estar que se sale&amp;quot;, que siempre he entendido como &amp;quot;que se (sobre)sales del baremo o de las tablas para medir/comparar'. Es decir, eres un fuera de serie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan está &lt;strong&gt;que se sale&lt;/strong&gt; últimamente: le han ofrecido un trabajo muy bueno, le tocó la lotería y arde en deseos de colaborar en Spanish Stack Exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;que me salgo&lt;/strong&gt; esta noche, soy todo ocurrencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad podría ser &amp;quot;estar en racha&amp;quot;. Si tienes una racha de buena suerte todo te sale bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones he oído utilizar también &amp;quot;estar sembrado&amp;quot;, pero para mi esto es más como &amp;quot;tener muchas y muy buenas ocurrencias&amp;quot; pero no necesariamente &amp;quot;aciertos&amp;quot;, así que no sé si este último es la mejor posibilidad para &amp;quot;on fire&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T20:09:01.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20753" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:01:28.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Cómo de + adjectivo?&quot; no me suena idiomático. No obstante, la estructura resulta correcta si se inserta al menos una cópula u otro verbo entre el adverbio interrogativo y la frase preposicional (que define la magnitud o el aspecto respecto del cual se pregunta el grado o la cantidad):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; de bueno este método?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;te resultó&lt;/strong&gt; de bueno este método? / ¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;te resultó este método&lt;/strong&gt; de bueno?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra estructura permite sin inconvenientes la adyacencia de ambos elementos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué tan bueno&lt;/strong&gt; es este método?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, encontramos la más formal -- y menos usual -- &quot;¿Cuán + adjectivo?&quot; (donde &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; fusiona el interrogativo &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; y el adverbio &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuán bueno&lt;/strong&gt; es este método?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T20:01:28.907" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20758" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:36:32.900" Score="2" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usa para describir una cantidad grande, ¿cuál es la diferencia entre montón y montaña? Al principio, pensaba que se usa &lt;code&gt;montón&lt;/code&gt; con sustantivos masculinos y &lt;code&gt;montaña&lt;/code&gt; con sustantivos femeninos, pero acabo de escuchar &quot;un montón de cosas&quot; y entonces ahora no estoy seguro de nada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15341" LastEditorUserId="15341" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T21:45:15.537" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T20:07:01.077" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre montón y montaña?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20757" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:54:56.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;montón&quot; sería equivalente a &quot;a lot of&quot;. Puede utilizarse indistintamente con sustantivos masculinos o femeninos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;montaña&quot; no es tan usual. En realidad, puede utilizarse en un sentido figurado (&lt;em&gt;a heap of, a pile of&lt;/em&gt;) o real, tanto con sustantivos masculinos como femeninos. También indica una gran cantidad, normalmente de cosas que se pueden apilar o imaginarse apiladas, por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;una montaña de billetes&lt;/em&gt; (en este caso, el sentido es real) / &lt;em&gt;una montaña de problemas&lt;/em&gt; (sentido figurado: &lt;em&gt;one on top of another&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: No decimos en español &quot;cantidad larga&quot; sino &quot;gran cantidad&quot; (o &quot;cantidad grande&quot;). En realidad, &quot;large&quot; en inglés nunca es &quot;largo&quot; en español (equivalente a &quot;long&quot; en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T20:54:56.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20759" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20760" CreationDate="2017-05-01T21:33:59.893" Score="1" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué oraciones son correctas? ¿Los significados son iguales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sal, la he guardado en el armario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sal, la he metido en el armario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sal, la he puesto en el armario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los huevos, los he guardado en la nevera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los huevos, los he metido en la nevera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los huevos, los he puesto en la nevera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por sus explicaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14467" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T13:15:32.123" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T13:15:32.123" Title="La cosa, la he puesto/guardado/metido en el armario/la nevera" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20759" CreationDate="2017-05-01T21:51:07.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todas las oraciones son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los tres verbos, &lt;em&gt;guardar, meter&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;, son similares en cuanto a su significado en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;guardar&lt;/em&gt; sugiere colocar en un lugar seguro, donde la cosa se conservará libre de ser sustraída o de contaminarse o echarse a perder (en el caso de los huevos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; sugiere introducir en un lugar cerrado, como un armario, una nevera, un cajón, una caja, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; es el menos específico de los tres verbos. Es similar a &amp;quot;colocar&amp;quot; y puede utilizarse cuando el destino de la cosa es un lugar no resguardado y abierto, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sal, la he puesto en/sobre la mesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los huevos, los he puesto en/sobre el estante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más interesante que la sutil diferencia semántica entre los tres verbos me resulta la &lt;strong&gt;duplicación&lt;/strong&gt; del objeto directo (OD), que ocurre solamente cuando -- como sucede en los ejemplos proporcionados -- se antepone el OD completo para causar énfasis o retomar lo dicho por el interlocutor. En estos casos, el idioma español exige que se utilice un OD pronominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. ¿Dónde has guardado la sal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. La sal, &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; he guardado en el armario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. ¿Y dónde has metido los huevos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Los huevos, &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; he metido en la nevera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T21:51:07.713" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20724" CreationDate="2017-05-02T00:06:58.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según parece, tanto &quot;hay viento&quot; como &quot;hace viento&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.saberespractico.com/ortografia-2/hace-viento-o-hay-viento/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;son correctas&lt;/a&gt;. Por mi parte, no encuentro nada raro en las construcciones con &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, que de hecho me resultan un poco más naturales que con &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;. Sospecho que hay diferencias que tienen que ver con el uso de &lt;em&gt;viento&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; como condiciones meteorológicas (a la par de &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;calor&lt;/em&gt;) o bien como eventos puntuales (generalmente con artículo indefinido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como eventos puntuales, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; suena correcto y se puede reemplazar por un verbo asociado al evento: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay un viento que vuela todo. = &quot;Sopla un viento que...&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hay un vientito bastante frío. = &quot;Está soplando un vientito...&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hay una lluvia ligera. = &quot;Cae una lluvia ligera.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, como dije, me surge una construcción similar a la que usaría para hablar de frío o calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace mucho viento afuera. = &quot;Está muy ventoso afuera.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hace una lluvia fuerte. = &quot;Está lloviendo fuerte.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto con &lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; como con &lt;em&gt;viento&lt;/em&gt; creo que es mucho más habitual usar &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, ya que las ocasiones en que se puede usar &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; son más restringidas (porque hablando del clima, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; sugiere que debe seguir un adjetivo). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T00:06:58.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20754" CreationDate="2017-05-02T00:49:15.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo hablar por Hispanoamérica pero en realidad son extranjerismos que están muy mal acostumbrados a usarse en el día a día del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente se conoce como &lt;em&gt;estar que se sale,&lt;/em&gt; pero eso al menos en mi país no es idiomático. Acá generalmente lo usan tal cual pero con interpretación de &lt;em&gt;está que arde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien esta última forma conlleva la connotación de &lt;em&gt;esto va a estar muy bueno,&lt;/em&gt; muy rara vez se les atribuye a las personas cuando están de muy mal humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cualquier forma, este &lt;em&gt;slang&lt;/em&gt; es figurativo y se entiende como &lt;em&gt;desempeñar increíblemente bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T05:34:17.277" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T05:34:17.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20768" CreationDate="2017-05-02T01:51:36.487" Score="3" ViewCount="81281" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día vi unos cuántos vídeos de &lt;em&gt;Héroes del Silencio&lt;/em&gt; en YouTube y me llamó la atención ver muchos comentarios como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pinche &lt;strong&gt;rolon&lt;/strong&gt; con esa &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt; mi novia y yo [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chingon &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt; una de mis preferidas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Super &lt;strong&gt;rolon&lt;/strong&gt; y achingar su puta madre kien no le guste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt; y marihuana la mejor combinación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pura nostalgia .y varias mujeres y  cawamas me acompañaron oyendo esta muy buena &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[En respuesta a otro usuario] así que tú eres el artista de esa &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt;?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pinche &lt;strong&gt;rolotona&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salvo el primero, todos los comentarios son de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_akgbPNWBUY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este video&lt;/a&gt;, por si alguien necesita más contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado me parecería que &lt;code&gt;rola&lt;/code&gt;  significa canción, pero por el otro parece que &lt;code&gt;rolar&lt;/code&gt; significase &lt;code&gt;molar&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;gustar&lt;/code&gt;. ¿Quizá son dos términos diferentes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-10-05T14:33:38.453" LastActivityDate="2020-10-05T14:33:38.453" Title="Significado de &quot;rola&quot; en Hispanoamérica" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20753" CreationDate="2017-05-02T04:05:22.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quédate con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tan bueno es este método?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal este método?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te parece este método?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T04:05:22.827" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20754" CreationDate="2017-05-02T07:27:19.827" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ya ha sido comentada brevemente por Diego, yo voy a incidir en la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en racha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que es la que más me pega a mí como traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UzozVMf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;racha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá del ár. &lt;em&gt;ráǧǧa&lt;/em&gt; 'sacudida', 'agitación', 'tormenta'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ráfaga de aire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. En cualquier actividad, período breve de fortuna o desgracia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como mencionó aparente en un comentario, efectivamente una racha puede ser un periodo de fortuna o desgracia, así que dependerá del contexto dilucidar si se trata de uno u otro. Sin embargo, yo la expresión &quot;estar en racha&quot; la asocio automáticamente con &quot;buena suerte&quot;. Para la mala suerte yo diría que &quot;está pasando una mala racha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro un caso en el CORDE que incluye una explicación adicional (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como puntero inicia dicha temporada, recorriendo los principales ruedos españoles &lt;strong&gt;en racha de éxito&lt;/strong&gt;, y presentándose en la plaza Monumental de Madrid el 19 de junio, alternando con Luis Rivas y Pablo Lalanda en la lidia de novillos de Antonio Pérez.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María de Cossío, &quot;Los mejores toreros de la historia&quot;, c 1966 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, dicha expresión se acorta ya en la actualidad, manteniendo un sentido positivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prescindir en aquel momento crucial de un jugador &lt;strong&gt;en racha&lt;/strong&gt; fue el principio del fin de las ilusiones barcelonistas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Vanguardia, 21/05/1994 : Al equipo azulgrana le falló la mentalización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con todo, parece un hombre serio. Y un actor que sigue &lt;strong&gt;en racha&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Razón, 01/12/2004 : Nicolas Cage: &quot;Tras 25 años de carrera he conseguido que el cine aún no me aburra.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por los ejemplos que he encontrado (sobre todo en prensa) se usa mucho en el ámbito deportivo, aunque también se puede usar en otros, como es el caso del último ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T07:29:10.330" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T07:29:10.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20765" CreationDate="2017-05-02T07:51:03.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de americanismos nos resuelve la duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=n8LGI6K2Zx0A1tANUpN%7Cwzwy3Plqpx0Amidd0qe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  f. Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni. Canción, composición musical. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hacemos el ejercicio de sustituir la palabra en las frases que indicas, parece que todo encaja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pinche &lt;strong&gt;rolon&lt;/strong&gt; con esa &lt;strong&gt;rola&lt;/strong&gt; mi novia y yo [...]  →&#xA;  pinche &lt;strong&gt;cancionzaza&lt;/strong&gt; con esa &lt;strong&gt;canción&lt;/strong&gt; mi novia y yo [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pinche &lt;strong&gt;rolotona&lt;/strong&gt;  →&#xA;  pinche &lt;strong&gt;canción&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sentido que &lt;em&gt;rolón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rolotona&lt;/em&gt; y demás son derivados superlativos de &lt;em&gt;rola&lt;/em&gt;, de la misma forma que &lt;em&gt;cancionzaza&lt;/em&gt; u otras que podamos utilizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en México, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador y Nicaragua, &lt;em&gt;rola&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es también interesante ver la gran cantidad de significados coloquiales que tiene &lt;em&gt;rolar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=qEovEsfnFx0AIekiitA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rolar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  tr. Mx. Poner algo en circulación, difundirlo. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  intr. ES. Liar cigarrillos de marihuana. drog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  tr. prnl. Ho. Fumar marihuana. drog.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  tr. Ni. Hacer cigarros puros, tabacos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  intr. Ch. En Derecho, estar una actuación o prueba reflejadas en un expediente con indicación de la hoja en que se encuentra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  IV. 1.  intr. Gu. Pasear, dar una vuelta o caminata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  V.  1.  intr. prnl. Bo:E,O. Tener trato o amistad con alguien. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VI. 1.  tr. ES. Pasar algo de mano en mano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VII.    1.  tr. Pa. Apretar o allanar tierra o grava, por medio de una rola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin olvidar una palabra característica de Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rolo, -a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. Co. Relativo a la ciudad de Bogotá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T12:43:34.303" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T12:43:34.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20765" CreationDate="2017-05-02T07:58:28.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es la forma coloquial de referirse a una canción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez en el sentido en que la música se comparte o se va pasando de voz en voz. Es probable también  que tenga que ver con el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;&quot;Rock and roll&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si se usa como verbo, adquiere el significado es &lt;em&gt;compartir&lt;/em&gt; con una fuerte connotación a que quien se beneficia de tu generosidad comparta, a su vez con un tercero, y así hasta que todo el grupo haya participado del objeto o bien que se está &quot;rolando&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visualizando el ceremonial de cebar mate en comunidad, en México diríamos que se &lt;em&gt;rolan&lt;/em&gt; el mate o lo van pasando a turnos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta acepción, tal vez su origen proviene de &lt;em&gt;&quot;pasar roll call&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o lista, aunque se antoja más como coincidencia entre rock and roll y roll call, muy afortunada al incluir la connotación de compartir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A reserva  de alguna referencia con autoridad al respecto, es la forma en que usamos &quot;rola&quot; y &quot;rolar&quot; en México. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un tercer significado, sobre todo hablando de béisbol, una pelota que en vez de ser lanzada por el aire, se desplaza rodando por el suelo es una &lt;em&gt;&quot;rola&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o pelota &lt;em&gt;&quot;rolita&quot;&lt;/em&gt; ya sea que el lanzador la entregue de esta manera al bateador en una estrategia para &quot;regalar&quot; la base, pues una pelota lanzada de esta  manera nunca calificará como &lt;strong&gt;strike&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aplica si este es el efecto que adquiere la bola después de batearla con un toque del bat en lugar del abanico completo, obligando al lanzador y primera base o lanzador y tercera base a abandonar sus puestos para capturar la pelota en juego. Se dice entonces que se &lt;em&gt;&quot;bateó una rola&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso del vocablo proviene sin lugar a duda del término inglés &lt;em&gt;Rolling ball&lt;/em&gt; que es como se denomina este desplazamiento de la pelota en tanto concierne al &lt;em&gt;&quot;rey de los deportes&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí viene el modismo béisbolero de &lt;em&gt;&quot;solo lanza rolitas&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que se dice de alguien que no pone suficiente empeño en su oficio o responsabilidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T08:13:03.263" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T08:13:03.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20046" CreationDate="2017-05-02T10:17:35.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desencriptar y descifrar computacionalmente no son lo mismo, por eso en inglés tienen dos términos distintos. Utilizar en castellano el termino descifrar para ambas cosas a mi me parece un error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16645" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T10:17:35.817" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-02T15:06:41.950" Score="2" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya he oído palabras como &quot;amor&quot;, &quot;cariño/a&quot;, &quot;cielo&quot;, &quot;corazón&quot;, etcétera, para describirse un objeto de interés amoroso, pero ¿hay otros términos de cariño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿se puede llamar a una novia o esposa &quot;granada&quot;, como en la fruta de la pasión? ¿O suena mal? Ya he buscado pero no encontré una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16647" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T06:09:27.087" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T14:51:39.447" Title="¿Se puede usar &quot;granada&quot; como un término de cariño?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20771" CreationDate="2017-05-02T15:47:11.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿se puede llamar a una novia o esposa &quot;granada&quot;, como en la fruta de la pasión? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. En inglés &quot;pumpkin&quot; puede ser un &lt;em&gt;term of endearment&lt;/em&gt; pero en español no vas a oír mucho &quot;calabaza&quot; o &quot;calabacita&quot; (a menos que sea en lugares con fuertes influencias de la lengua aglosajona) y mucho menos vas a oír &quot;granada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes decir que alguien es una &quot;perita en dulce&quot; (una mujer joven y hermosa) o que alguien es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3218/5481&quot;&gt;tu media naranja&lt;/a&gt;&quot; pero no por ello se puede usar cualquier fruta para apelativos cariñosos. Decirle a alguien que es &quot;un melón&quot; es llamarle obtuso o testarudo. No vas a oír usar &quot;granada&quot; como apelativo cariñoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿hay otros términos de cariño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sabes, entre otros muchos tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(mi) cielo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(mi) amor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cariño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tesoro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(mi) vida / vida mía&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mi alma (aunque este se usa menos como cariñoso y a veces como más condescendiente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no vas a encontrar &quot;términos cariñosos relacionados con frutas&quot; o &quot;animales&quot; (aunque puedas decirle a alguien &quot;gatita&quot;) o similar. Los términos cariñosos suelen guardar relación con los de la lista de arriba por razones obvias: expresan cosas muy queridas o valiosas o directamente se refieren a términos amorosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T07:38:07.170" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T07:38:07.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20775" CreationDate="2017-05-02T23:35:22.270" Score="4" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to understand the details and differences between &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;saber de&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; a little bit better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my understanding of what these words mean in various contexts. Are these translations all accurate? Which ones could be improved and how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A person&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé a David.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Not used.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé de David.&lt;/strong&gt; I'm knowledgeable about David (but I haven't necessarily met him).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conozco a David.&lt;/strong&gt; I've met David; David is an acquaintance of mine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A place&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé Colorado.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Not used.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé de Colorado.&lt;/strong&gt; I know a lot of things about Colorado (but I haven't necessarily been there).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conozco Colorado.&lt;/strong&gt; Colorado is a familiar place; I've probably been there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A topic&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé matemáticas.&lt;/strong&gt; I know the entirety of mathematics (which is impossible).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé de matemáticas.&lt;/strong&gt; I know a lot of mathematics; I'm knowledgeable about mathematics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conozco matemáticas.&lt;/strong&gt; I've seen a lot of mathematics before; seeing or hearing about mathematics is a familiar experience (but I don't necessarily understand anything about mathematics.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A language&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé español.&lt;/strong&gt; I can speak Spanish; I have the knowledge and skills needed to speak Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé de español.&lt;/strong&gt; I'm knowledgeable about the Spanish language (but I'm not necessarily able to speak it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conozco español.&lt;/strong&gt; Spanish is a familiar language; I've had a lot of exposure to Spanish (but I don't necessarily have any knowledge about Spanish).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An action&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé nadar.&lt;/strong&gt; I can swim; I know how to swim.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sé de nadar.&lt;/strong&gt; I know various things about swimming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conozco nadar.&lt;/strong&gt; (I'm not sure what this would mean. I know what it's like to swim? I've seen a lot of swimming happen?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12330" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T03:36:44.053" Title="How accurate is my understanding of &quot;saber (de)&quot; and &quot;conocer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20774" CreationDate="2017-05-03T00:23:24.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sé matemáticas&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean you know the entirety of mathematics; it's perfectly OK to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sé de matemáticas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sé de nadar&lt;/em&gt; both sound a bit off; with a quantifier (&lt;em&gt;Sé algo de matemáticas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Sé bastante de nadar&lt;/em&gt;) it might be better. In any case, &lt;em&gt;saber de&lt;/em&gt; doesn't necessarily mean you know things; it often means just that you've heard of them or read about them, maybe with a bit more certainty than mere hearsay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conozco matemáticas&lt;/em&gt; sounds positively weird, as does &lt;em&gt;Conozco español&lt;/em&gt;. In general I'd say &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; goes with people and places, not with skills. And it never goes with an infinitive: &lt;em&gt;Conozco nadar&lt;/em&gt; is ungrammatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T00:23:24.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16437" CreationDate="2017-05-03T02:21:48.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien las otras respuestas dan opciones para salir del paso (pun intended), IMHO ninguna es traducción &lt;em&gt;exacta&lt;/em&gt;, y no conozco una. La belleza de &lt;em&gt;workaround&lt;/em&gt; es que transmite bien la idea de que hemos pasado el problema &quot;por alrededor&quot;. Es decir, si bien salimos adelante, &lt;em&gt;no hemos solucionado&lt;/em&gt; ni un poco el problema original, que sigue existiendo. (Las opciones propuestas me transmiten la idea de que se ha solucionado parcialmente el problema original.) Quizás &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;paliativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es lo más cercano...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Hablante de español rioplatense y frecuente usuario de workarounds...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T06:14:00.263" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T06:14:00.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20774" CreationDate="2017-05-03T03:36:44.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are correct for all the sentences marked &amp;quot;not used.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the other sentences are okay theoretically, but sound weird to my ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following work great:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sé algo/un poco/mucho acerca de&lt;/em&gt; (topic) OR &lt;em&gt;Sé algo/un poco/mucho sobre&lt;/em&gt; (topic, e.g. &lt;em&gt;las matemáticas, la economía&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conozco a&lt;/em&gt; (person); &lt;em&gt;conozco&lt;/em&gt; (place)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Sabes&lt;/em&gt; (verb, e.g. &lt;em&gt;hablar español, nadar&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a couple of your sentences, I'll suggest some more natural equivalents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No one knows everything there is to know about mathematics: &lt;em&gt;Nadie domina las matemáticas completamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was exposed to Spanish where I lived as a child: &lt;em&gt;Se oía frecuentemente el español donde yo vivía de pequeño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T03:36:44.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2017-05-03T04:00:14.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good translation of this phrase will depend enormously on the context.  There are lots of good translations on this page that will work in particular contexts, such as &lt;em&gt;get by, muddle through.&lt;/em&gt; Here are two that I haven't seen mentioned here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Get out of it / get out of one's difficulty / get through / get through life&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La empresa intentó salir del paso con una promesa de indemnizar a los afectados: The company tried to &lt;strong&gt;get through it&lt;/strong&gt; with a commitment to compensate those affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Find a way out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(same sentence as before): The company tried to &lt;strong&gt;find a way out&lt;/strong&gt; by promising to compensate those affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T04:00:14.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16437" CreationDate="2017-05-03T04:17:02.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solución indirecta&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;imperfecta&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;en la práctica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay forma de... pero la solución indirecta que yo utilizo en esa situación es...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pero la solución que se utiliza en la práctica es... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;aunque esto ciertamente no es una solución perfecta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Y otra idea (¡un poco indirecta!)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podemos &lt;strong&gt;esquivar&lt;/strong&gt; el problema, con etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Otra idea más&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inspirado por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20848/9385&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20848/9385&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;solución de rodeo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-De momento utilicé como &lt;strong&gt;solución de rodeo&lt;/strong&gt; un fichero oculto que contiene las variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T18:46:12.743" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T18:46:12.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T04:59:37.600" Score="4" ViewCount="1268" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &lt;strong&gt;carabina&lt;/strong&gt; como algo diferente a &quot;arma de fuego&quot; no aparece en el DRAE hasta 1936 donde figura como &quot;fig. y fam. Señorita de compañia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de esa acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16649" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T13:54:50.170" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T14:13:08.337" Title="¿Por qué &quot;carabina&quot; es &quot;Mujer de edad que acompañaba a ciertas señoritas, especialmente cuando eran cortejadas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20771" CreationDate="2017-05-03T07:14:52.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A ver, como poder, poder, puedes. Siempre que cuentes con el contexto adecuado. No creo que sea la respuesta que buscas, pero en realidad cualquier palabra del español puede ser usada como término de cariño siempre que cuentes con un trasfondo. Eso sí, yo procuraría usar algún diminutivo como &quot;granadita&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me explico: &quot;granada&quot; de por sí no es una palabra de cariño. Pero si, por ejemplo, estás escribiendo un relato, te puedes inventar una historia de amor entre dos personajes: ponle que uno de los dos es amante de las armas de fuego y tiene un carácter explosivo. Puedes hacer que el otro le llame &quot;mi granadita&quot;, dado que ya tienes el contexto adecuado y el lector lo va a entender. Pero desde luego, sin un contexto nadie va a entender &quot;granada&quot; como palabra de cariño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para quien se pregunte cómo se me ha ocurrido el ejemplo: hay un manga de Kenichi Sonoda titulado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunsmith_Cats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gunsmith Cats&lt;/a&gt; en el que una de las protagonistas es una experta en explosivos a la que le pone el olor a pólvora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, ya sé que no es el tipo de &quot;granada&quot; planteado en la pregunta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T07:14:52.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3237" CreationDate="2017-05-03T09:04:28.323" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de americanismos indica dónde se usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=rS8rckuN4x0AITGEsDF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fama&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  f. Co:C,E. Tienda o lugar donde se vende la carne al por menor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  f. Bo. Disparo que se da en el centro del blanco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en el centro y el este de Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T09:04:28.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20732" CreationDate="2017-05-03T12:06:17.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;426 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pensando sin cargas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por Tom y Ray Magliozzi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: Hacia 1973 abrimos el &amp;quot;Hackers Haven&amp;quot;, donde alquilábamos útiles para arreglarse el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ray: Nos pareció una idea genial. Nos veíamos con batas blancas recogiendo dinero mientras la gente yacía bajo su coche golpeándose la cabeza contra cajas de trasmisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom: Pero, ay, no funcionó así. Muchos necesitaban ayuda. Al poco, estábamos ayudándoles a arreglar el coche. Y ellos se posaban con batas blancas y nosotros nos golpeábamos la cabeza contra sus cajas de trasmisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No acabo de entender bien &lt;em&gt;Unencumbered by the Thought Process&lt;/em&gt; y de momento lo traduzco como &lt;em&gt;Pensando sin cargas&lt;/em&gt;. Indicadme si no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T12:06:17.140" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-03T12:06:17.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20780" CreationDate="2017-05-03T13:06:10.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que aclarar que &amp;quot;Señorita de compañía&amp;quot; no sería del todo correcto y puede dar a confusión, ya que &lt;code&gt;carabina&lt;/code&gt; no se aplica a mujeres que hacen compañía a hombres, si no a señoras de mayor edad que vigilaban a damas más jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7NpYmIP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Carabina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Mujer de edad que acompañaba a ciertas señoritas, especialmente cuando eran cortejadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?carabina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra es un préstamo del francés y se refiere por supuesto al arma de fuego, pero adquirió el sentido de &amp;quot;estar vigilante&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El arma aparentemente era usada por ciertos soldados de caballería que hacían tareas de guardia y escolta y se llamaban &lt;em&gt;carabin&lt;/em&gt; (el arma era designada &lt;em&gt;carabine&lt;/em&gt;). Por eso el femenino de la palabra designa tanto al arma como a la función de vigilancia o guardia. Posiblemente por eso el término fue adopatado para hacer referencia a aquellas señoras que &amp;quot;vigilaban o guardaban&amp;quot; a otras más jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí deriva también el término español &lt;em&gt;carabinero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T13:06:10.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20787" CreationDate="2017-05-03T13:14:20.857" Score="7" ViewCount="1272" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why am I asking&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the review of the translation of a software, in the context on an invoice, from English into Spanish I was puzzled by the translation of &lt;em&gt;amount&lt;/em&gt; by the use of &lt;em&gt;cantidad&lt;/em&gt; from the translator (which he most probably translated right), since I always thought an amount of money was translated as &lt;em&gt;importe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do note that I am not a native English Speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My research&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Collins dictionary the translation for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-spanish/amount&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amount of money&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(= sum of money)&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;cantidad &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;suma &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&#xA;  &quot; ⇒ a large amount of money&quot; &quot;una gran cantidad &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; suma de dinero&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(= total value)&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;valor &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&#xA;  a bill for the amount of &quot;una cuenta por importe &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; valor de&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the translation of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/importe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Importe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; seems to be more related to a strict amount of money :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(= valor)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. [de compra, gastos, cheque] &quot;amount&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(= coste)&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;cost&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linguee translations for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=amount%20of%20money&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amount of an invoice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; leans toward &lt;em&gt;importe&lt;/em&gt; but for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=amount%20of%20money&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amount of money&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; towards &lt;em&gt;cantidad&lt;/em&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I read, I think &lt;em&gt;cantidad&lt;/em&gt; is more a general word for &lt;em&gt;amounts&lt;/em&gt; regardless of their types but that &lt;em&gt;importe&lt;/em&gt; is a more specific term, but I could be wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a translation has more intricacies than plainly looking for words in a dictionary, I wanted to understand if I could use both as their meaning seem to be close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16653" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T03:40:29.070" Title="How to choose between &quot;cantidad&quot; and &quot;importe&quot; for an amount of money/ currency?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20780" CreationDate="2017-05-03T13:22:22.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se ve que en este caso tenemos un origen madrileño de la acepción. La primera vez que aparece este significado en un diccionario es en 1901, en el &lt;em&gt;Nuevo diccionario enciclopédico ilustrado de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, de Miguel de Toro y Gómez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fam. Mujer que acompaña a una joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en 1917 aparece también en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, de José Alemany y Bolufer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fig. y fam. En Madrid, mujer que sirve de acompañante a una joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a continuación, en 1936, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario histórico de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fig. y fam. Señorita de compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Las señoritas de Madrid que llevan ahora, cuando van de paseo, una acompañanta a quien llaman la &lt;em&gt;carabina&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;J. Valera, &quot;La buena fama&quot;, 1896.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Bien hacen algunas muchachas desenfadadas en llamar &lt;em&gt;carabina&lt;/em&gt; a tales ayas o acompañantas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;J. Valera, &quot;De varios colores&quot;, 1898.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se ve que a finales del siglo XIX ya existía esta figura. También existía por aquel entonces en España el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuerpo_de_Carabineros_(Espa%C3%B1a)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cuerpo de Carabineros&lt;/a&gt;, cuyo lema era &lt;em&gt;Moralidad, lealtad, valor y disciplina&lt;/em&gt;. Se entendía por tanto a un carabinero (portador de una carabina) como aquella persona cuya misión era defender la moral. Del mismo modo, se comenzó a denominar &lt;em&gt;carabina&lt;/em&gt; al instrumento (en este caso una mujer) encargado de defender la moral y la decencia de las mujeres jóvenes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo de que el diccionario de la RAE tardara tanto en recoger el término fue seguramente su ausencia en textos escritos, dado que durante un tiempo fue un término coloquial usado mayormente en la expresión oral en un ámbito muy localizado. Otros diccionarios que no tenían ese requisito de que las palabras tuvieran que aparecer escritas recogieron antes esta acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T14:13:08.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T14:13:08.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20785" CreationDate="2017-05-03T15:03:25.523" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;While &quot;&lt;em&gt;Cantidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is referring to any quantity, not just money, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Importe&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is the amount of money a thing is worth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for your translation &lt;em&gt;Importe&lt;/em&gt; is the more correct, being that you are talking about money, but &lt;em&gt;Cantidad&lt;/em&gt; is equally correct to emphasize the concept you want to conceal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: Both words have similar meanings, but &lt;em&gt;Importe&lt;/em&gt; is about &lt;strong&gt;money&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cantidad&lt;/em&gt; is any &lt;strong&gt;quantity&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5ZJY9e&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Importe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De importar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cuantía de un precio, crédito, deuda o saldo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7CUEdL2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. quantĭtas, -ātis, y este calco del gr. ποσότης posótēs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Porción de una magnitud.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Cierto número de unidades.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T19:33:36.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T19:33:36.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20685" CreationDate="2017-05-04T05:38:31.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para solucionar este problema, hay varios pasos que tenemos que hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determinar todas las palabras en castellano.  Esta lista es ENORME cuando se tiene en cuenta los verbos (más de 50 formas &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; de contemplar las numerosas opciones de pronombres enclíticos sobre las &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt; formas imperativas que los admiten).  Estamos hablando de algunos millones de palabras.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determinar (como máximo) !23^3! combinaciones de tres consonantes que pueden formar palabras en castellano según las instrucciones (máximo !23^3!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determinar cuáles de grupos de 3 a 23 consonantes pueden ordenarse en subgrupos de tres (con repeticiones, así con 3&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; a 23&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; subgrupos cada uno) con tal de que cada de esos subgrupos se incluya en las combinaciones de paso 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema con que nos enfrentamos es que, teóricamente, habrá &lt;a href=&quot;https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/dictionaries/tree/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;750 cuatrillones&lt;/a&gt; de subgrupos en paso 3 que tenemos que verificar si están en las combinaciones de paso 2 (que a su vez tiene 12167 posibilidades). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo bueno es que tenemos algunas optimaciones que podemos hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero, si cualquier letra no funciona en un grupo por sí sola (es decir, &lt;em&gt;XXX&lt;/em&gt;), podemos descartar aquella letra por completo. (los sufijos hacen posible, teóricamente, &lt;em&gt;ñoñiño&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;ñoño&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;zarzuelazo&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;zarzuela&lt;/em&gt; pero no usamos Ñ y no sé hasta que punto nuestro diccionario incluye sufijos).  Ello nos reduce a 68588190, muchísimo más calculable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De las combinaciones en triple, puedo afirmar lo siguiente (usando el regex &lt;code&gt;A.*A.*A&lt;/code&gt; para pasar el archivo usando una letra en vez de &lt;code&gt;A&lt;/code&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BBB: posible&#xA;CCC: posible&#xA;DDD: posible &#xA;FFF: no posible&#xA;GGG: no posible &#xA;HHH: posible (5 posibilidades)&#xA;JJJ: no posible&#xA;KKK: no posible&#xA;LLL: posible (1537 posibilidades)&#xA;MMM: posible (1593 posibilidades)&#xA;NNN: posible (22956 posibilidades)&#xA;PPP: posible (8 posibilidades)&#xA;QQQ: no posible&#xA;RRR: posible (17034 posibilidades)&#xA;SSS: posible (58264 posibilidades)&#xA;TTT: posible (2354 posibilidades)&#xA;VVV: posible (5 posibilidades)&#xA;WWW: no posible&#xA;XXX: no posible&#xA;YYY: no posible&#xA;ZZZ: no posible&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Paso 1&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para este paso, he tomado dos archivos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/dictionaries/tree/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LibreOffice&lt;/a&gt; (usan el formato Hunspell).  Primero tenemos un diccionario que lleva el format [palabra]/[códigos].  Los códigos son de una letra en el caso del archivo español.  Como ejemplo, tenemos la palabra &lt;em&gt;hombre/S&lt;/em&gt; y la palabra &lt;em&gt;mujer/S&lt;/em&gt;.  El código &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; significa que podemos modificar las dos palabras según las reglas del mismo código contenidas en el archivo de afijos.  Estas nos proporcionan las formas &lt;em&gt;hombres&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mujeres&lt;/em&gt; (así que tenemos &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hombres&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mujeres&lt;/em&gt;).  CarlosAlejo en los comentarios ya nos ha dado un archivo con todas las posibilidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Paso 2&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma más rápida, por lo visto, es iterar por cada una de las millón y pico palabras, quitándoles cualquier letra no sea &lt;em&gt;BCDHLMNPRSTV&lt;/em&gt;.  De allí, determinamos todas las combinaciones de tres de las letras que queda (es decir, con &lt;em&gt;bbcd&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;em&gt;bbc&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bbd&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bcd&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bcd&lt;/em&gt;).  Lo bueno es que con perl6 el método &lt;em&gt;combinations&lt;/em&gt; nos mantiene el orden de las letras, necesario para el problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;use v6;&#xA;my @consonants = ; # Ñ is not an option&#xA;my $file = open &quot;es_ANY.txt&quot;;&#xA;my @dic = $file.lines;&#xA;close $file;&#xA;my %result;&#xA;for @dic -&gt; $word {&#xA;  %result{.join('')}++ for $word.subst(/&amp;lt;-[bcdhlmnprstv]&gt;/,'',:g).combinations(3);&#xA;}&#xA;say %result.keys.join(',');&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resultado de ello es&#xA;&lt;code&gt;sns,rtb,sph,nnp,mth,clp,tvb,npd,rnt,lll,rhl,tsr,npn,bpc,ssn,hmb,rrm,tvr,snt,dpl,tht,bdl,bsn,lst,bcr,cbr,tvc,lnp,lhc,pcl,llc,dst,srm,ttr,srl,rnp,sdp,hvr,rms,dnn,lvr,rll,prm,psc,lnd,npp,rrd,nrl,dhr,shd,ctm,dtv,rsm,brt,drc,ltc,hch,hhs,hsb,cph,lrv,srs,npb,mrp,nlp,sdl,crl,pcr,pcb,rdl,lpr,cdh,hnn,pls,bvv,hvm,vnt,dhb,lds,dnb,mnr,psd,mln,ndm,hrv,llv,ldb,trd,ptm,lpp,hrp,thn,nvs,dph,vhs,vcn,csn,ndd,vmm,pdb,ttb,mcd,hlh,lnb,lln,vcc,rbd,ldn,bvl,dcp,smh,bpr,hdd,vvs,cnr,hts,bnb,dlv,cpv,pcp,tch,hsl,rtn,cnp,rtr,bvb,src,tpm,svv,hrr,scd,dds,dnm,pss,pch,mnt,tcb,ttc,nvm,dvn,cnn,bns,stt,rsr,rmd,mhv,sct,npl,rht,bbn,ptl,hsv,pvv,rsn,ddm,hcc,hpt,nld,lsr,rsl,mct,mcb,dtc,bmt,rtm,slc,dvp,bct,bdh,vhd,cdc,pnr,pbb,pml,mtc,vlm,bbv,rsv,mpd,vtd,mmv,cnh,dhd,hbv,hnr,clt,rpb,cch,hld,ssp,mhn,tds,lsb,nms,nbt,mlc,stp,pcc,ntc,nsm,lvs,ddc,dbb,rrv,stb,lrm,tlb,mhp,tbn,cnt,tps,mrc,tpn,rlh,vvr,lvp,lph,tdm,ppb,phs,dtm,trn,vbb,hvl,crr,nrt,nmt,tmc,shr,phr,hmp,mtd,mcr,vld,lhh,mhd,snc,vcb,tnl,svd,drp,tdb,rct,cln,vcp,hph,pnp,rvs,brh,cpm,tsc,hpl,msv,rdh,rvr,rvl,htd,hhr,mvb,hrs,lnr,rlv,vrn,ndh,vlr,llp,cnl,rvc,tsd,ltb,phl,rtv,vcr,ptt,vmv,vcv,vdr,vdl,dht,lcb,pbt,msd,lbp,tpd,npv,dcb,dtl,vdn,dpr,mnc,tbc,bhc,cst,cdm,ltm,pnc,psn,nsd,tts,mvs,vnb,rnv,bvt,scl,hls,hnt,nbc,lls,cbc,rpc,lcr,trb,rpt,dth,drh,slr,bsr,svm,lch,vbc,bpb,mnd,bnd,lrn,ddn,phc,lrp,pvh,ttn,ncm,tdl,sbb,ptb,hpb,mht,dls,dbm,lbb,tpv,rnl,lcm,hvd,cmt,nsn,vpb,hpm,pct,lsh,lcp,prs,vmc,ccp,plh,rtl,ths,lnt,snr,rhn,pbc,hmr,vhh,btp,rmc,rtt,tph,lcn,cms,ldv,bds,mrb,sbt,spv,mvr,lvb,lcv,bvs,hnp,psb,nrp,tdp,bcb,tnm,cmd,mnn,rdd,hhh,lhv,bmc,crc,nrc,htr,htm,hcs,cvl,vlt,hvh,dvm,hsn,rvt,tvv,lth,bhs,vdt,tmn,ldr,dsl,cmr,tdt,vpc,sbh,mlm,tdr,btl,hct,pvr,ltp,tvs,cdv,sdv,rrr,spt,prp,pdc,mpl,dpd,dbh,csh,csv,mbv,vrh,nph,smn,btt,rcm,hht,vpt,vsh,rhv,nnl,cls,vnm,pbm,hps,nhr,mdb,ntl,lml,trm,vss,htt,mps,ctl,sdm,nts,dms,bdt,spd,clc,lhl,mmt,lrt,lpm,dlh,mvl,vrl,btv,bps,ssb,dpp,lmp,sbc,cvc,srp,hrd,mlr,cvt,svr,cvn,ncp,tsp,mvc,rnb,rvp,hsr,mnh,vhn,lvt,tcr,nrd,mnb,vdm,cbt,tpc,vbt,pmv,nvl,vvc,mbl,mnm,mvt,pnv,ppt,scn,rmn,vts,lbt,pdd,ddl,vsn,trc,ccr,ddb,bnn,plb,tvd,vnr,rcp,phm,bsb,dvl,ldm,cpt,brn,tlt,vmd,hlm,lpv,thb,nmv,svn,shh,mch,sbn,mvd,vmr,pdl,cdb,drv,bvm,hhd,mbr,ccc,dmh,ptp,,tln,mtm,vnh,lpl,nvr,mmp,rrb,vns,cps,ndl,nml,nbn,rbr,vds,csc,mtv,tdh,vnn,tbv,pvl,drn,bdv,rmp,prt,cml,tcl,rdb,pvs,rmh,bhv,tmp,lpc,hst,hcv,btr,lmm,ptc,tbp,hrh,thc,vbd,tnv,vmn,cbm,dlm,hsh,nvb,rnn,dvv,rpd,drm,prb,crb,rcr,mdc,dvs,dbt,lmt,btm,rbn,mrt,vmt,hbc,rlc,dpt,bsh,vpm,ntr,rbm,rlm,drr,mtr,lrh,pmh,cds,rth,nmn,ndp,vpn,sts,srv,dtr,prd,tml,bpt,vpr,npt,mhb,mns,vvv,bnp,bmd,dcc,hlr,srt,bnl,pnb,dbl,dhv,vvh,pbh,dvh,pdv,hpc,nns,pvp,tnd,nlb,dmb,chn,rbv,ndt,pdn,vbr,rst,prl,svp,nvh,nsl,hpn,clh,vrp,mdm,cdd,spr,lmr,mlp,stl,rhr,vsl,mrl,dcn,lhn,nbv,bsm,dmd,nvc,hdv,hhp,ssm,cbs,dmt,hcm,blp,svc,trs,brp,vnv,dnh,ppm,npc,hmc,cbh,tvp,nhp,tdd,vbn,nmr,mls,rcb,hrl,mss,tnn,nsb,hds,rnd,vrt,hhn,ssr,vnp,hdb,lmn,mtp,nmh,dsn,cdt,snd,mbt,sht,nbr,hvs,shp,phn,nds,mcn,bvr,cbd,hhm,vvp,spp,nhh,pbr,mdl,btb,rdm,mtt,vth,ctv,prc,dhl,bcv,dns,tbr,dmn,crt,ppl,tsv,thd,dsh,dcv,ppd,ntd,lrc,dsv,rlp,tcd,bdm,std,hmt,bvd,pmt,tls,bnr,vrm,psm,dcr,nlm,rdn,msh,csl,snp,dps,drt,vht,pth,ppr,tcn,blr,mbn,tvn,bcc,dnl,tmr,dhp,cbp,ndb,cmm,pcd,ddr,blb,vsm,pnt,mpr,rvh,blv,csb,nhd,nrb,chr,chp,lvc,htl,cnb,dnc,pcv,lnc,ddv,nbm,nlr,npr,hmm,tbm,bmn,dpb,tld,snn,bnc,rss,prh,trh,dbs,rvm,spc,lht,dnv,vlh,tdv,smp,msc,vdd,hhb,pph,slm,rln,hns,brl,nhs,tvt,sdn,rhd,cbn,mbd,dld,tnb,dcs,cll,hnh,lnn,mpn,nll,vpl,srb,sdr,mmc,slb,ccm,mcm,tpp,tnc,lsc,cvm,ppp,btd,bhm,pcn,nsp,vlp,nhl,nmp,pcm,plm,nvt,shm,dhc,tsh,vhl,mdv,lbh,msm,lss,bbm,rsc,dlc,vhr,slt,rbt,hmv,nhc,ntn,chc,sdh,phv,nrv,rrc,mll,slh,ppc,ssd,mtl,srd,pdt,rds,nrs,bcs,cbb,dpc,ctt,svl,htc,nrn,rdc,lbd,mpt,hsd,nvd,nbh,rns,lrb,drl,slv,tcc,mhs,sln,hbs,smr,bbl,nbs,ddd,nsr,bdp,vhm,dtt,ncs,tbb,pvt,bvn,tcs,tms,vtr,dbn,nmb,cvp,snl,brd,chb,vsd,pdh,shs,lvn,tlm,cpr,plv,bch,mvv,mdh,crm,lmv,hsm,mts,ccb,pld,tnp,rvb,sbl,dlb,nhn,dct,bll,hpp,scv,ltt,nvp,cvb,sll,ncc,bhp,pvb,pht,snv,mms,ltd,bhb,lnh,pmp,tnr,trr,scb,tll,rpm,hlt,nmd,bsc,tvl,nrh,mhc,ldt,dcm,pmm,dsb,pbv,pvn,nst,cts,dvr,clb,nct,htb,cmp,shc,ntb,rbh,rvn,pbn,tsb,pnh,thm,ccs,spn,pmc,vtt,pdp,srr,hdn,mbs,sbd,htn,cmc,bcm,stn,cmv,vln,sld,bbd,lvd,vlb,vll,vcl,mmr,bhd,brr,nnc,hlb,dvb,bhh,cnm,tss,dtp,bmb,vcs,bpm,nnh,mhl,bmr,trl,mpv,rcd,vtc,mpc,ctd,rts,vsb,bpd,ldh,crd,rml,mcl,sbp,pmd,lpb,mmh,svb,plp,bcd,vrr,nmc,dhh,mph,vhc,lsv,pnd,hhc,pmr,npm,hpv,tmh,pbl,lhs,msb,vps,vsp,stv,nnr,pnm,sbv,prn,rld,sbm,sst,nnb,lnl,vrs,nnn,hsp,lvh,psv,dtn,php,vsc,hbl,cdp,tcp,mrn,lbn,shv,hmh,ttp,rpp,ndc,csp,bcl,tpt,mbc,lpt,tmb,vmp,nsh,thp,clr,hbd,bcp,lmh,rmv,bnv,brc,vls,ptv,scs,sbs,hcb,hlp,vpv,dlp,dnd,rsd,tpr,dsm,hdm,rcc,rbb,scc,ldp,bpl,rpr,lsm,dmr,nhm,msn,bsp,smb,ssh,phd,sds,mtn,ssv,ccn,lms,ncn,dll,vdc,smv,pds,hln,dpv,nvv,brv,blt,lbm,lhd,vsr,lbv,lnm,rhm,lpn,stm,cct,mvn,lbr,lmb,cvh,pps,cpb,shb,dss,dtd,phb,rmr,mdt,rch,csr,nps,thh,dvt,tlc,bth,tnh,str,dlt,nln,nhv,nbp,rrs,rcs,lvm,hcn,htp,llb,spm,lhb,mhh,mld,btc,dnr,spb,lhm,nnv,hvt,bcn,nnd,plr,hhl,scp,srh,ltn,nrm,tns,clm,nhb,lct,nbl,bst,cpl,tmd,vdb,ccl,cvd,mtb,rph,llt,lhr,shl,lns,hpr,tpl,rbc,ctp,blh,hrm,nss,ncb,mdr,dch,chl,ndv,ltl,llr,hdl,mdn,ncr,mnv,hnv,drb,pvc,mml,rcn,nbd,nht,tlh,bbs,brb,nlt,pcs,tmm,mdp,mbm,sls,hvc,vlv,nnm,tnt,hcp,vvb,ctn,bsl,mdd,tth,hnd,vnd,ctb,rrt,dbr,sms,lbc,vtl,ssl,tsn,ptr,rsh,smt,cdr,bln,dmm,lcc,crh,ncv,dmp,smd,pln,vtp,msp,ttd,dts,ncd,csd,dnp,lsp,prv,msl,rmt,cdl,hll,spl,rdv,mvm,ntm,cvs,tbl,chd,ttl,pms,tdc,rlt,cnd,vms,tbh,ppn,ptd,hnl,rnc,bnt,rrl,dsd,dbd,sdc,dpm,rlr,css,hpd,hnc,ccd,dsc,vvd,ndn,bdd,rdt,dhn,rtd,vvm,hvb,sdb,mrv,lts,lmd,cpp,mmd,tdn,tcv,cmh,rbp,hbr,dln,rtp,cth,mlt,lcs,tmt,sps,hcd,lps,vrv,lld,dnt,cpn,hbt,hbh,mhr,sdd,rps,nsv,trp,tvm,tct,pst,hrt,lbs,bdn,sss,hcr,rpl,trv,rpv,rdp,scr,nlc,bbr,rhs,dpn,vdv,bmh,vch,bbb,bdr,cvv,vmb,tbs,scm,chh,nch,hdp,sdt,tst,mbb,rvd,vnl,mpb,tcm,vcd,tmv,rrh,hss,ltr,lrs,bls,tsm,lrd,mcv,hml,pts,mpm,pvd,hrn,rnm,ntv,brm,dhm,bpp,ldc,ldd,rpn,srn,vbs,vct,bpn,lcl,mnp,dbv,rbs,ncl,vrd,ttv,bht,hmn,tbt,vbl,smc,stc,blm,vcm,hrc,dmv,bvc,rmb,tlv,rls,dvd,rrn,svt,pdr,nvn,snh,sml,cdn,bhr,psr,rrp,mcs,mlv,rnh,bbc,dsr,rtc,mbh,nlv,pbd,dmc,vtb,mrm,pll,rlb,cld,crv,vlc,bmm,crn,csm,hdt,mnl,rnr,rhb,dlr,plc,smm,hms,cnv,htv,bsd,ddt,hcl,vsv,thr,prr,dcl,vdp,ddp,chv,mmn,bml,lnv,vrc,mmb,drs,cmn,cns,cvr,dtb,tpb,hdc,lmc,cbl,ntp,vvl,slp,trt,pnn,msr,crs,hnb,dcd,pmn,mrd,cpd,mhm,rdr,vtm,ppv,bnh,brs,pdm,mlb,snm,rbl,hbm,pns,vvn,snb,llm,lsn,ssc,sbr,hsc,vvt,ttm,nsc,lbl,vbm,tlr,rhp,shn,mcc,hrb,ltv,bsv,crp,nnt,ptn,bmp,clv,llh,dsp,psh,drd,lsd,lrr,svs,rhc,mrh,dml,phh,sth,ndr,psl,mcp,ttt,bld,bbh,vml,lpd,rcv,ddh,hvn,vnc,sch,hnm,dbc,bts,nmm,pmb,rsb,mmm,bhn,nrr,mrr,vpd,mst,vst,cnc,dhs,dvc,nbb,rcl,hbn,mds,psp,nlh,bhl,ctc,mpp,thl,hlc,lsl,nls,hmd,ccv,nth,mrs,lcd,cht,bbt,bms,cbv,bdc,chm,plt,vtn,ntt,lrl,bss,hdr,pvm,ldl,lvv,bbp,rvv,bdb,pnl,vtv,blc,rhh,btn,bnm,chs,rsp,hlv,rmm,tbd,vdh,ctr,tsl,lvl,cmb,vhb,pbs,svh,mlh,cpc,hbb,tlp,vrb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas son las 1701 combinaciones posibles.  Que conste, solo hay 1728 (12&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) combinaciones dadas las consonantes.  Es decir, hay gran probabilidad de tener 9-10 letras como resultado final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Paso 3&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos que formular las combinaciones de entre las letras que sabemos son válidas (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;BCDH&lt;/em&gt;).  Ende necesitamos las combinaciones de tres de esas letras (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;BCD&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;BCH&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;BDH&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;CDH&lt;/em&gt;).  Y de ahí necesitamos las combinaciones, con duplicados, de ellas (&lt;em&gt;BBB, BBC, BBD, BCB, BCC, BCD…&lt;/em&gt;) que son 27.  Tenemos que probar cada una de estas 27 combinaciones para ver si figuran en la lista que resultó de paso 2.  Si cualquier no aparece, pues podemos descartar aquella combinación de letras al principio del proceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;use v6;&#xA;my $former = &quot;&quot;; # insert the comma-delimited string from Paso 2&#xA;my %valid;&#xA;%valid{$_}++ for $former.split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;my @results;&#xA;my @consonants = ; # Ñ is not an option&#xA;for 3..@consonants.elems {&#xA;  SOLUTIONSET:&#xA;  for @consonants.combinations($^depth) {&#xA;    for $^solutionSet.combinations(3) {&#xA;      for ($^three.values,$^three.values,$^three.values).flat.combinations(3).unique {&#xA;        next SOLUTIONSET unless %valid{$^combination.join(&quot;&quot;)}:exists;&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;    @results.push($^solutionSet.join(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;say @results.join(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de ejecutar este &lt;em&gt;script&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos la respuesta final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;bcd,bch,bcl,bcm,bcn,bcr,bcs,bct,bdl,bdm,bdn,bdr,bds,bdt,bhl,bhm,bhn,bhr,bhs,blm,bln,blr,bls,blt,bmn,bmr,bms,bmt,bnr,bns,bnt,brs,brt,bst,cdl,cdm,cdn,cdp,cdr,cds,cdt,cdv,chl,chm,chn,chp,chr,chs,clm,cln,clp,clr,cls,clt,clv,cmn,cmp,cmr,cms,cmt,cmv,cnp,cnr,cns,cnt,cnv,cpr,cps,cpt,crs,crt,crv,cst,csv,ctv,dlm,dln,dlp,dlr,dls,dlt,dlv,dmn,dmp,dmr,dms,dmt,dmv,dnp,dnr,dns,dnt,dnv,dpr,dps,dpt,drs,drt,drv,dst,dsv,dtv,hlm,hln,hlr,hls,hmn,hmp,hmr,hms,hnp,hnr,hns,hpr,hps,hrs,lmn,lmp,lmr,lms,lmt,lmv,lnp,lnr,lns,lnt,lnv,lpr,lps,lpt,lrs,lrt,lrv,lst,lsv,ltv,mnp,mnr,mns,mnt,mnv,mpr,mps,mpt,mrs,mrt,mrv,mst,msv,mtv,npr,nps,npt,nrs,nrt,nrv,nst,nsv,ntv,prs,prt,pst,rst,rsv,rtv,stv,bcdl,bcdm,bcdn,bcdr,bcds,bcdt,bchl,bchm,bchn,bchr,bchs,bclm,bcln,bclr,bcls,bclt,bcmn,bcmr,bcms,bcmt,bcnr,bcns,bcnt,bcrs,bcrt,bcst,bdlm,bdln,bdlr,bdls,bdlt,bdmn,bdmr,bdms,bdmt,bdnr,bdns,bdnt,bdrs,bdrt,bdst,bhlm,bhln,bhlr,bhls,bhmn,bhmr,bhms,bhnr,bhns,bhrs,blmn,blmr,blms,blmt,blnr,blns,blnt,blrs,blrt,blst,bmnr,bmns,bmnt,bmrs,bmrt,bmst,bnrs,bnrt,bnst,brst,cdlm,cdln,cdlp,cdlr,cdls,cdlt,cdlv,cdmn,cdmp,cdmr,cdms,cdmt,cdmv,cdnp,cdnr,cdns,cdnt,cdnv,cdpr,cdps,cdpt,cdrs,cdrt,cdrv,cdst,cdsv,cdtv,chlm,chln,chlr,chls,chmn,chmp,chmr,chms,chnp,chnr,chns,chpr,chps,chrs,clmn,clmp,clmr,clms,clmt,clmv,clnp,clnr,clns,clnt,clnv,clpr,clps,clpt,clrs,clrt,clrv,clst,clsv,cltv,cmnp,cmnr,cmns,cmnt,cmnv,cmpr,cmps,cmpt,cmrs,cmrt,cmrv,cmst,cmsv,cmtv,cnpr,cnps,cnpt,cnrs,cnrt,cnrv,cnst,cnsv,cntv,cprs,cprt,cpst,crst,crsv,crtv,cstv,dlmn,dlmp,dlmr,dlms,dlmt,dlmv,dlnp,dlnr,dlns,dlnt,dlnv,dlpr,dlps,dlpt,dlrs,dlrt,dlrv,dlst,dlsv,dltv,dmnp,dmnr,dmns,dmnt,dmnv,dmpr,dmps,dmpt,dmrs,dmrt,dmrv,dmst,dmsv,dmtv,dnpr,dnps,dnpt,dnrs,dnrt,dnrv,dnst,dnsv,dntv,dprs,dprt,dpst,drst,drsv,drtv,dstv,hlmn,hlmr,hlms,hlnr,hlns,hlrs,hmnp,hmnr,hmns,hmpr,hmps,hmrs,hnpr,hnps,hnrs,hprs,lmnp,lmnr,lmns,lmnt,lmnv,lmpr,lmps,lmpt,lmrs,lmrt,lmrv,lmst,lmsv,lmtv,lnpr,lnps,lnpt,lnrs,lnrt,lnrv,lnst,lnsv,lntv,lprs,lprt,lpst,lrst,lrsv,lrtv,lstv,mnpr,mnps,mnpt,mnrs,mnrt,mnrv,mnst,mnsv,mntv,mprs,mprt,mpst,mrst,mrsv,mrtv,mstv,nprs,nprt,npst,nrst,nrsv,nrtv,nstv,prst,rstv,bcdlm,bcdln,bcdlr,bcdls,bcdlt,bcdmn,bcdmr,bcdms,bcdmt,bcdnr,bcdns,bcdnt,bcdrs,bcdrt,bcdst,bchlm,bchln,bchlr,bchls,bchmn,bchmr,bchms,bchnr,bchns,bchrs,bclmn,bclmr,bclms,bclmt,bclnr,bclns,bclnt,bclrs,bclrt,bclst,bcmnr,bcmns,bcmnt,bcmrs,bcmrt,bcmst,bcnrs,bcnrt,bcnst,bcrst,bdlmn,bdlmr,bdlms,bdlmt,bdlnr,bdlns,bdlnt,bdlrs,bdlrt,bdlst,bdmnr,bdmns,bdmnt,bdmrs,bdmrt,bdmst,bdnrs,bdnrt,bdnst,bdrst,bhlmn,bhlmr,bhlms,bhlnr,bhlns,bhlrs,bhmnr,bhmns,bhmrs,bhnrs,blmnr,blmns,blmnt,blmrs,blmrt,blmst,blnrs,blnrt,blnst,blrst,bmnrs,bmnrt,bmnst,bmrst,bnrst,cdlmn,cdlmp,cdlmr,cdlms,cdlmt,cdlmv,cdlnp,cdlnr,cdlns,cdlnt,cdlnv,cdlpr,cdlps,cdlpt,cdlrs,cdlrt,cdlrv,cdlst,cdlsv,cdltv,cdmnp,cdmnr,cdmns,cdmnt,cdmnv,cdmpr,cdmps,cdmpt,cdmrs,cdmrt,cdmrv,cdmst,cdmsv,cdmtv,cdnpr,cdnps,cdnpt,cdnrs,cdnrt,cdnrv,cdnst,cdnsv,cdntv,cdprs,cdprt,cdpst,cdrst,cdrsv,cdrtv,cdstv,chlmn,chlmr,chlms,chlnr,chlns,chlrs,chmnp,chmnr,chmns,chmpr,chmps,chmrs,chnpr,chnps,chnrs,chprs,clmnp,clmnr,clmns,clmnt,clmnv,clmpr,clmps,clmpt,clmrs,clmrt,clmrv,clmst,clmsv,clmtv,clnpr,clnps,clnpt,clnrs,clnrt,clnrv,clnst,clnsv,clntv,clprs,clprt,clpst,clrst,clrsv,clrtv,clstv,cmnpr,cmnps,cmnpt,cmnrs,cmnrt,cmnrv,cmnst,cmnsv,cmntv,cmprs,cmprt,cmpst,cmrst,cmrsv,cmrtv,cmstv,cnprs,cnprt,cnpst,cnrst,cnrsv,cnrtv,cnstv,cprst,crstv,dlmnp,dlmnr,dlmns,dlmnt,dlmnv,dlmpr,dlmps,dlmpt,dlmrs,dlmrt,dlmrv,dlmst,dlmsv,dlmtv,dlnpr,dlnps,dlnpt,dlnrs,dlnrt,dlnrv,dlnst,dlnsv,dlntv,dlprs,dlprt,dlpst,dlrst,dlrsv,dlrtv,dlstv,dmnpr,dmnps,dmnpt,dmnrs,dmnrt,dmnrv,dmnst,dmnsv,dmntv,dmprs,dmprt,dmpst,dmrst,dmrsv,dmrtv,dmstv,dnprs,dnprt,dnpst,dnrst,dnrsv,dnrtv,dnstv,dprst,drstv,hlmnr,hlmns,hlmrs,hlnrs,hmnpr,hmnps,hmnrs,hmprs,hnprs,lmnpr,lmnps,lmnpt,lmnrs,lmnrt,lmnrv,lmnst,lmnsv,lmntv,lmprs,lmprt,lmpst,lmrst,lmrsv,lmrtv,lmstv,lnprs,lnprt,lnpst,lnrst,lnrsv,lnrtv,lnstv,lprst,lrstv,mnprs,mnprt,mnpst,mnrst,mnrsv,mnrtv,mnstv,mprst,mrstv,nprst,nrstv,bcdlmn,bcdlmr,bcdlms,bcdlmt,bcdlnr,bcdlns,bcdlnt,bcdlrs,bcdlrt,bcdlst,bcdmnr,bcdmns,bcdmnt,bcdmrs,bcdmrt,bcdmst,bcdnrs,bcdnrt,bcdnst,bcdrst,bchlmn,bchlmr,bchlms,bchlnr,bchlns,bchlrs,bchmnr,bchmns,bchmrs,bchnrs,bclmnr,bclmns,bclmnt,bclmrs,bclmrt,bclmst,bclnrs,bclnrt,bclnst,bclrst,bcmnrs,bcmnrt,bcmnst,bcmrst,bcnrst,bdlmnr,bdlmns,bdlmnt,bdlmrs,bdlmrt,bdlmst,bdlnrs,bdlnrt,bdlnst,bdlrst,bdmnrs,bdmnrt,bdmnst,bdmrst,bdnrst,bhlmnr,bhlmns,bhlmrs,bhlnrs,bhmnrs,blmnrs,blmnrt,blmnst,blmrst,blnrst,bmnrst,cdlmnp,cdlmnr,cdlmns,cdlmnt,cdlmnv,cdlmpr,cdlmps,cdlmpt,cdlmrs,cdlmrt,cdlmrv,cdlmst,cdlmsv,cdlmtv,cdlnpr,cdlnps,cdlnpt,cdlnrs,cdlnrt,cdlnrv,cdlnst,cdlnsv,cdlntv,cdlprs,cdlprt,cdlpst,cdlrst,cdlrsv,cdlrtv,cdlstv,cdmnpr,cdmnps,cdmnpt,cdmnrs,cdmnrt,cdmnrv,cdmnst,cdmnsv,cdmntv,cdmprs,cdmprt,cdmpst,cdmrst,cdmrsv,cdmrtv,cdmstv,cdnprs,cdnprt,cdnpst,cdnrst,cdnrsv,cdnrtv,cdnstv,cdprst,cdrstv,chlmnr,chlmns,chlmrs,chlnrs,chmnpr,chmnps,chmnrs,chmprs,chnprs,clmnpr,clmnps,clmnpt,clmnrs,clmnrt,clmnrv,clmnst,clmnsv,clmntv,clmprs,clmprt,clmpst,clmrst,clmrsv,clmrtv,clmstv,clnprs,clnprt,clnpst,clnrst,clnrsv,clnrtv,clnstv,clprst,clrstv,cmnprs,cmnprt,cmnpst,cmnrst,cmnrsv,cmnrtv,cmnstv,cmprst,cmrstv,cnprst,cnrstv,dlmnpr,dlmnps,dlmnpt,dlmnrs,dlmnrt,dlmnrv,dlmnst,dlmnsv,dlmntv,dlmprs,dlmprt,dlmpst,dlmrst,dlmrsv,dlmrtv,dlmstv,dlnprs,dlnprt,dlnpst,dlnrst,dlnrsv,dlnrtv,dlnstv,dlprst,dlrstv,dmnprs,dmnprt,dmnpst,dmnrst,dmnrsv,dmnrtv,dmnstv,dmprst,dmrstv,dnprst,dnrstv,hlmnrs,hmnprs,lmnprs,lmnprt,lmnpst,lmnrst,lmnrsv,lmnrtv,lmnstv,lmprst,lmrstv,lnprst,lnrstv,mnprst,mnrstv,bcdlmnr,bcdlmns,bcdlmnt,bcdlmrs,bcdlmrt,bcdlmst,bcdlnrs,bcdlnrt,bcdlnst,bcdlrst,bcdmnrs,bcdmnrt,bcdmnst,bcdmrst,bcdnrst,bchlmnr,bchlmns,bchlmrs,bchlnrs,bchmnrs,bclmnrs,bclmnrt,bclmnst,bclmrst,bclnrst,bcmnrst,bdlmnrs,bdlmnrt,bdlmnst,bdlmrst,bdlnrst,bdmnrst,bhlmnrs,blmnrst,cdlmnpr,cdlmnps,cdlmnpt,cdlmnrs,cdlmnrt,cdlmnrv,cdlmnst,cdlmnsv,cdlmntv,cdlmprs,cdlmprt,cdlmpst,cdlmrst,cdlmrsv,cdlmrtv,cdlmstv,cdlnprs,cdlnprt,cdlnpst,cdlnrst,cdlnrsv,cdlnrtv,cdlnstv,cdlprst,cdlrstv,cdmnprs,cdmnprt,cdmnpst,cdmnrst,cdmnrsv,cdmnrtv,cdmnstv,cdmprst,cdmrstv,cdnprst,cdnrstv,chlmnrs,chmnprs,clmnprs,clmnprt,clmnpst,clmnrst,clmnrsv,clmnrtv,clmnstv,clmprst,clmrstv,clnprst,clnrstv,cmnprst,cmnrstv,dlmnprs,dlmnprt,dlmnpst,dlmnrst,dlmnrsv,dlmnrtv,dlmnstv,dlmprst,dlmrstv,dlnprst,dlnrstv,dmnprst,dmnrstv,lmnprst,lmnrstv,bcdlmnrs,bcdlmnrt,bcdlmnst,bcdlmrst,bcdlnrst,bcdmnrst,bchlmnrs,bclmnrst,bdlmnrst,cdlmnprs,cdlmnprt,cdlmnpst,cdlmnrst,cdlmnrsv,cdlmnrtv,cdlmnstv,cdlmprst,cdlmrstv,cdlnprst,cdlnrstv,cdmnprst,cdmnrstv,clmnprst,clmnrstv,dlmnprst,dlmnrstv,bcdlmnrst,cdlmnprst,cdlmnrstv&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver, el tamaño de las combinaciones va subiendo (porque empieza con grupos de tres, después de cuatro, etc).  Al final de todo, hay tres grupos con NUEVE letras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B C D L M N R S T&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C D L M N P R S T&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C D L M N R S T V&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los interesados, con 9 letras, hay &lt;sup&gt;9!&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;6!&lt;/sub&gt;·3&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; combinaciones posibles (o 13608), cada una de las cuales puede formar una palabra según las reglas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T12:46:58.437" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T12:46:58.437" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20732" CreationDate="2017-05-04T16:01:04.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;344 characters&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Claridad Mental&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;por Tom y Ray Magliozzi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom: En 1973 abrimos &quot;Hackers Haven&quot;, permitiendo alquilar herramientas para reparar autos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ray: Una idea infalible. Nos veíamos cobrando en bata de laboratorio con la gente bajo su coche dándose con la caja de cambios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;T: Falló porque se necesita ayuda. Sin darnos cuenta pasamos a ayudarles, con ellos parados en bata blanca mientras nosotros nos golpeábamos con la caja de cambios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hice mi traducción antes de mirar las otras (para no tener una ventaja injusta sobre las otras aportaciones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;He traducido muy libremente el título&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La segunda vez que se referencia a Tom uso solo la inicial, como se suele hacer en las transcripciones de entrevistas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso un &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; impersonal para &quot;most people needed help&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que conservaba casi todo el significado del original, pero ya decidirán el OP y el resto de jugadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T08:27:09.363" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T08:27:09.363" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-04T16:01:04.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20794" CreationDate="2017-05-04T17:48:10.303" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este grupo de personas, ¿cómo se puede identificar la chica más alta según su posición en el grupo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles de estos ejemplos son correctos (o incorrectos) o cuál es la la forma mas correcta de decir &quot;The person in the middle is the tallest&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona en el centro es la más alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona del centro es la más alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona del medio es la más alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La personal de el medio es la más alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona en el medio es la más alta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TVw9o.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TVw9o.png&quot; alt=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/df/French_Indochina_100_Piastres.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T06:09:13.017" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T06:09:13.017" Title="How to identify the person in the middle?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20785" CreationDate="2017-05-04T19:05:58.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basta con consultar el DRAE. Un importe (de importar: valer cierta cantidad, costar cierta cantidad) es a cuanto llega un precio, un saldo, una deuda, un crétido, etcétera. Y una cantidad es una cantidad, de lo que sea, pero también significa «Porción indeterminada de dinero».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo una buena cantidad de manzanas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obtuvo una buena cantidad con la venta de su apartamento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa muchacha tiene cantidad de admiradores. (i.e. tiene muchos admiradores)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El importe por los gastos en mantenimiento sobrepasa nuestro presupuesto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El importe había ido creciendo día a día, y a fin de mes llegó a 10 000 dólares&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con esta cantidad podré terminar mis estudios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡La cantidad de mentiras que tuve que decirle a esa muchacha!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ocasiones algunas personas usan la palabra «monto» para decir «importe», porque «monto» es la suma de varias partidas o cantidades parciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el monto total?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hemos precisado el monto por temor a quedarnos cortos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que los ejemplos no son muy elaborados, pero aclaran en algo las diferencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16658" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T19:05:58.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20790" CreationDate="2017-05-04T20:44:08.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La opción 3 está mal, &quot;de el&quot; debería ser &quot;del&quot; pero obviando ese detalle utilizaría algo referido al medio (opciones 3, 4 y 5) en particular, optaría por la opción 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que &quot;del medio&quot; para mi hace referencia al &quot;al medio del grupo&quot; si dijera &quot;del centro&quot; o &quot;en el centro&quot; lo primero que pensaría yo es en la mujer ubicada en el centro de la imagen (la de blanco) y entiendo que no es lo que tu quieres transmitir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16660" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T20:44:08.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20790" CreationDate="2017-05-04T23:02:39.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La más correcta es &lt;em&gt;la persona del medio&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;en el&lt;/em&gt;? Porque es la forma habitual en español: &lt;em&gt;la persona del medio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el hombre de la derecha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la niña de más atrás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el estante de arriba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el florero de encima de la mesa&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Muchas veces un hablante de inglés se sentirá tentado a copiar la misma estructura que se usa en inglés en estos casos, usando una preposición de lugar (&lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), pero en español se usa siempre &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; para determinar algo con su posición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué &lt;em&gt;el medio&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;el centro&lt;/em&gt;? Porque en un grupo (de personas u objetos), si hay una cantidad fácil de contar y las cosas o personas están en una fila o en un orden claro, lo más habitual es decir &lt;em&gt;el/la X del medio&lt;/em&gt; para señalar el que ocupa la posición del medio. Se diría &lt;em&gt;el centro&lt;/em&gt; si se tratase de un grupo muy grande o sin un orden claro, porque &lt;em&gt;el centro&lt;/em&gt; indica un lugar en el espacio, no una posición en una serie ordenada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T23:02:39.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20795" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20797" CreationDate="2017-05-05T08:04:02.943" Score="2" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace relativamente poco tiempo se estrenó en cines la película &lt;em&gt;Suicide Squad&lt;/em&gt;, basada en el cómic homónimo, cuyo título en España vino a ser &lt;em&gt;Escuadrón suicida&lt;/em&gt;. Y la verdad es que si lo pienso, creo que la elección de la palabra &quot;escuadrón&quot; se pudo deber a que aquí suena mejor que otras como &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pelotón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuadrilla&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;escuadra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el Merriam-Webster, la palabra &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/squad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a small organized group of military personnel; especially :  a tactical unit that can be easily directed in the field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a small group engaged in a common effort or occupation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejando de lado la palabra &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt;, que me parece más genérica, pongo a continuación &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPu4JmR%7CBQ5Txes%7CGLLWtxS%7CGLQPf9S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las definiciones más relevantes del resto de opciones&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pelotón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Mil.&lt;/em&gt; Pequeña unidad de infantería que forma parte normalmente de una sección y suele estar a las órdenes de un sargento o de un cabo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuadrilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Grupo de personas reunidas para el desempeño de algunos oficios o para ciertos fines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuadra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Mil.&lt;/em&gt; Unidad menor en las fuerzas militares, constituida por un corto número de soldados a las órdenes de un cabo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escuadrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Mil.&lt;/em&gt; Porción de tropa formada en filas según las reglas de la táctica militar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda definición de &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt; me encaja perfectamente con la definición de &lt;em&gt;cuadrilla&lt;/em&gt;, aunque entiendo que &lt;em&gt;Cuadrilla suicida&lt;/em&gt; no habría quedado tan bien como título. Sin embargo, es en la primera definición de &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt; donde me entran las dudas. La primera parte de la definición (&quot;unidad pequeña y organizada de militares&quot;) encaja tanto con &lt;em&gt;pelotón&lt;/em&gt; como con &lt;em&gt;escuadra&lt;/em&gt;, pero luego añade lo de &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; y habla de unidades tácticas, con lo que podría entenderse que &lt;em&gt;escuadrón&lt;/em&gt; también podría ser una traducción válida al hablar de &quot;la táctica militar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo la verdad es que entiendo muy poco de ejércitos, y no sé si realmente &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;escuadrón&lt;/em&gt; son equivalentes. ¿Es &lt;em&gt;Escuadrón suicida&lt;/em&gt; una buena traducción del título, o se tomaron alguna que otra libertad para tener un título más potente y atrayente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T13:04:02.753" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T12:17:47.587" Title="¿Es acertada la traducción del título de la película/cómic &quot;Escuadrón suicida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21190" CreationDate="2017-05-05T09:42:38.133" Score="7" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos el verbo &lt;em&gt;alquilar&lt;/em&gt;, definido así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=257cMcn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alquilar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;alquilé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dar a alguien algo, especialmente una finca urbana, un animal o un mueble, para que use de ello por el tiempo que se determine y&#xA;  mediante el pago de la cantidad convenida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Tomar de alguien algo para usarlo por el tiempo y precio convenidos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa el mismo verbo tanto desde el punto de vista del arrendador como del arrendatario. Algo completamente diferente a cuando un objeto se compra o se vende, que el verbo cambia según el punto de vista de cada uno de los intervinientes en la transacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es algo reciente, ya que en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ALQUILAR. v.a. Dar ò tomar en alquilèr alguna cosa, para servirse de ella por cierto précio y tiempo [...]. Usase de este verbo indiferentemente, assi para el dueño que dá en arrendamiento, ò alquilèr, como para el que toma y arrienda el uso y servicio de la cosa. Viene del Arábigo &lt;em&gt;Quereye&lt;/em&gt;, que vale lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esto es así? ¿Por qué usamos el mismo verbo y no dos diferentes como en &lt;em&gt;comprar/vender&lt;/em&gt;? Pasa incluso con otros verbos sinónimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3jCFdVS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrendar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;renda&lt;/em&gt; 'renta'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Ceder o adquirir por precio el goce o aprovechamiento temporal de cosas, obras o servicios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No existe o ha existido alguna pareja de verbos para distinguir la acción según el punto de vista del arrendador o arrendatario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T09:05:27.333" Title="¿Por qué no existen dos verbos diferentes para &quot;dar en alquiler&quot; y &quot;tomar en alquiler&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20795" CreationDate="2017-05-05T10:12:36.457" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En términos militares, el equivalente a &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt; podría ser &lt;em&gt;pelotón&lt;/em&gt;; sin embargo, el escuadrón suicida de la película no es una unidad militar al uso y su jefe no es un sargento, como sería el de un pelotón (o una &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt;), sino un coronel. Por tanto, &lt;em&gt;escuadrón&lt;/em&gt; puede ser una traducción aceptable. En español, la unidad mandada por un coronel es normalmente un regimiento, pero esto no lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que los traductores se inclinaron por un término que les sonara bien y, de paso, se relacionara fácilmente con el original, pues los lectores de cómics (no olvidemos que la película está basada en un cómic) suelen manejar los títulos originales. En este caso, no me parece que hicieran una mala elección.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos establecer también una analogía con algunas otras construcciones inglesas que también usan la palabra &lt;em&gt;squad&lt;/em&gt;. Así, &lt;em&gt;firing squad&lt;/em&gt; es en castellano un &lt;em&gt;pelotón de fusilamiento&lt;/em&gt;; pero &lt;em&gt;death squad&lt;/em&gt; equivale a nuestro &lt;em&gt;escuadrón de la muerte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T12:17:47.587" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T12:17:47.587" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20757" CreationDate="2017-05-05T15:30:38.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Montón es de una gran cantidad de algo (A lot), Y montaña es un relieve de la tierra, (Mountain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si te refieres a las dos de manera de cantidad, Montón y montaña serian similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16661" LastEditorUserId="16661" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T20:07:01.077" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T20:07:01.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-06T02:10:43.203" Score="4" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer uno de mis compañeros de oficina dijo que se había pasado la tarde anterior &lt;em&gt;galivanting&lt;/em&gt;. Gallivanting (o galavanting) se define como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(From &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/gallivant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cambridge dictionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to visit or go to a lot of different places, enjoying yourself and having few worries or responsibilities &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gallivant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-webster dictionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1:  to go about usually ostentatiously or indiscreetly with members of the opposite sex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2:  to travel, roam, or move about for pleasure &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi problema al traducir esta palabra al español es que se me ocurre &lt;code&gt;salir&lt;/code&gt; (de marcha, a pasarlo bien, etc,) para &quot;go around from one place to another in the pursuit of pleasure or entertainment.&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=gallivanting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; traduce &lt;em&gt;gallivanting&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;code&gt;callejear&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;socializar&lt;/code&gt;. Pero según el DRAE &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6por6HV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;callejear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  simplemente alude a &quot;andar frecuentemente y sin necesidad de calle en calle&quot;. De igual manera, &quot;socializar&quot; no recoge por completo el concepto de &quot;andar de un lado para otro en busca de diversión, juerga, etc.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay mejores traducciones para &lt;em&gt;gallivanting&lt;/em&gt; que &quot;salir&quot; (de marcha / de fiesta), &quot;callejear&quot; o &quot;socializar&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-06T02:20:34.533" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T20:37:48.977" Title="Traducción para Gallivanting en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20823" CreationDate="2017-05-06T02:20:06.593" Score="4" ViewCount="10402" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se dice que alguien es un &lt;code&gt;calavera&lt;/code&gt; para expresar que anda siempre flirteando con mujeres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6iNtWmT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Calavera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Hombre disipado, juerguista e irresponsable. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?calavera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de calavera&lt;/a&gt; (aparte de la referencia al cráneo) solo he podido encontrar que es debido a que a estas personas trasnochadoras &amp;quot;la vida las adelgaza, y su rostro se vuelve pálido, semejante a una calavera&amp;quot; que no me parece una explicación muy fiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabe alguien cuál es el origen de la expresión &amp;quot;ser un calavera&amp;quot; para designar a un hombre mujeriego y/o juerguista?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-05-21T12:30:37.583" Title="Origen de &quot;ser un calavera&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20803" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-06T02:59:38.293" Score="6" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de &quot;La Fórmula Secreta&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Yo... también hago experimentos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Te estás burlando de mí,&#xA;  muchacho?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —En absoluto. Es verdad. Siempre he sentido pasión por la&#xA;  química, pero a los chicos de mi clase no les interesan esas cosas,&#xA;  mis padres no me toman en serio, entonces pensé que aquí con usted...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo y cómo ha occurido la transformación del sentido literal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0CY07hD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;resuelta y terminante&quot;&lt;/a&gt; al significado aparentemente contrario o negativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-06T06:42:27.233" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T23:11:46.760" Title="¿Cómo ha llegado &quot;en absoluto&quot; a significar de ningún modo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20785" CreationDate="2017-05-06T03:06:49.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the previous answers, and following advise to include this as an answer rather than a comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In domain specific accounting parlance &lt;em&gt;(accountantese?),&lt;/em&gt; Araising from the need to distinguish different levels of sums and working subtotals in accounting worksheets &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cantidades&lt;/strong&gt; are raw transaction values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumas&lt;/strong&gt; refer to working subtotals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importes&lt;/strong&gt; refer to higher order totals, as related to particular accounts (Importe de costos de mercancía, importe de costos operativos, etc) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Balances&lt;/strong&gt; are the final figures in a financial statement (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balance financiero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) indicating either profit or loss in a P&amp;amp;L statement or Balance sheet.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Posición&lt;/strong&gt; Is also a figure in accounting documents, however this term refers to an investment as related to equity or vested interest in futures.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importe total&lt;/strong&gt; Is the final sum of a statement. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importe final&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;balance final&lt;/strong&gt;, are the ending balances of a running total.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importe&lt;/strong&gt; also commonly refers to the face value of a single financial instrument such as a check,  stock certificates​, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pagarés&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (I.O.Us) or government bonds, independent of their actual values, while &lt;strong&gt;Importe total&lt;/strong&gt; Is the sum of the face values of a group of such documents, again, independently of the actual value of such a group, which is rather unsurprisingly called &lt;strong&gt;valor actual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However be aware that this may vary regionally  according to generally accepted accounting practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-05-06T03:40:29.070" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T03:40:29.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20808" CreationDate="2017-05-06T03:14:53.123" Score="3" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;El contexto: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sábado siguiente, en efecto, estoy en casa para el puente de Todos&#xA;  los Santos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo fuera dar palos de ciego sin fuentes concreto, diría que tiene una semejanza a &quot;faire le pont&quot; de francés que he leido para significar añadir un día de ñapa entre dos períodos de vacación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a ganar el premio planta rodadora esta semana con mis preguntas. Es un premio por preguntas en Stack Exchange pocas valoradas y pocas vistas sin ninguna respuesta. ¡Yay!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-05-07T13:32:51.157" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:40:56.197" Title="Qué significa &quot;el puente&quot; en &quot;estoy en casa para el puente de Todos los Santos&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20809" CreationDate="2017-05-06T03:39:35.550" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué palabra falta debajo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://1drv.ms/u/s!At8Jnu5p-fSJj4UVwDK4Zbyadb_77w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta grabación&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si se quema antes de terminar la _____?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:40:21.183" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T16:40:21.183" Title="¿Puede alguien identificar esta palabra hablada?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20805" CreationDate="2017-05-06T05:29:48.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, un puente es cuando tienes algún día festivo durante la semana y además de este, por ejemplo, jueves, también tienes el viernes, así dándote cuatro días en seguida de vacaciones (porque hacen un puente que liga el día festivo con el fin de semana)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso dicho, últimamente es frecuente escuchar puente para referir a incluso para cuando un día festivo que cae en algún viernes o lunes (así tres días libres) a pesar de que no hay ningún puente metafórico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T05:29:48.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20806" CreationDate="2017-05-06T06:50:44.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9YoeniJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cocción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;coctio, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Acción y efecto de cocer o cocerse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene pinta de que están dando instrucciones para elaborar una receta, o algún truco o consejo de cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T06:50:44.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20811" CreationDate="2017-05-06T12:32:03.647" Score="3" ViewCount="1510" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google translate&lt;/a&gt; (Spanish &amp;rarr; English) is confusing me lately (either that, or &lt;em&gt;it's&lt;/em&gt; confused):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Google Translate (español &amp;rarr; inglés) está confundiéndome recientemente (o eso sí está confundido):&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él me cae bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translates to / &lt;em&gt;se traduce a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/%C3%89l%20me%20cae%20bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I like him&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, when I enter / &lt;em&gt;Pero, cuando introduzco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella&lt;/em&gt; me cae bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this translates to / &lt;em&gt;ésto se traduce a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/Ella%20me%20cae%20bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;She likes me&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the swapped subject and object. &lt;em&gt;Observe el sujeto y el objeto intercambiados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is grammatically correct? &lt;em&gt;¿Cual es correcta gramaticalmente?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I do agree that the subject and object in the above statements are &quot;transitive&quot; (i.e. they are semantically equal no matter the order).  But, I'm more curious about the specific translation here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;PD Sí, estoy de acuerdo en que el sujeto y el objeto en las frases anteriores son &quot;transitivas&quot; (es decir, son semánticamente iguales, no importa el orden). Pero, estoy más curioso sobre de la traducción específica aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-06T20:53:11.470" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T21:09:41.137" Title="Confusión entre Él me cae bien vs. Ella me cae bien" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20810" CreationDate="2017-05-06T13:31:58.447" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google Translate is confused about the second sentence (why I don't know). If you've already grasped the somewhat convoluted grammar of the verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, then you should have no problem grasping &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt;, because in this respect they work mostly in the same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both these pairs mean essentially* the same thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él me gusta.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Me gusta él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él me cae bien.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Me cae bien él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is &quot;I like him.&quot; Substitute &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; and the meaning changes, of course, to &quot;I like her.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Note well&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; (when the subject is a person) has a sexual connotation that &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt; lacks. So &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt; is actually safer for a non-native speaker unsure of the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now about the grammar: formally, in &lt;em&gt;Ella me cae bien&lt;/em&gt;, the subject is &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object. They function as in the phrase &lt;em&gt;Ella me dio un beso&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;She gave me a kiss&quot;). You can't analyze such things by examining the English translation (much less a Google translation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to swap the actors, it would have to be &lt;em&gt;Yo le caigo bien a ella&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;She likes me&quot;). You can omit &lt;em&gt;a ella&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; has no gender so you have to rely on context if there's both an &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; and an &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; nearby. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caer&lt;/em&gt; in this usage means &quot;affect&quot;, &quot;induce a certain state of mind&quot;, &quot;produce a given sensation&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Caer&lt;/em&gt; of course means &quot;to fall&quot;, or sometimes &quot;to land&quot;. Imagine something or someone falls on you, or lands on you, figuratively. It may land right and softly, or it may fall on you like a ton of bricks. That's the idea behind &lt;em&gt;caer bien&lt;/em&gt; and its antonym &lt;em&gt;caer mal&lt;/em&gt; (also &lt;em&gt;caer fatal&lt;/em&gt; and others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-05-06T21:09:41.137" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T21:09:41.137" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20824" CreationDate="2017-05-06T15:57:41.293" Score="4" ViewCount="4289" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado jugando el juego de móvil &lt;em&gt;Words with Friends&lt;/em&gt; desde hace unos meses. Ya me sé de memoria muchas de las palabras cortas que se aceptan, pero hay algunas que no sé por qué son aceptables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar una recopilación de palabras de 2 y 3 letras con sus significados. Estoy buscando algo parecido a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.absp.org.uk/words/study2lw.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2 letter words&lt;/a&gt;, pero en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrabbel.org.uy/ayuda/dos_y_tres_letras.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Palabras válidas de 2 y 3 letras aceptadas por la última edición del Diccionario de la Real Academia&lt;/a&gt;, pero no te da los significados y creo que no coincide siempre con las palabras válidas en &lt;em&gt;Words with Friends&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de mis contrincantes se quejaba de que yo había puesto una palabra inglesa, “it”, que no debía valer. En el juego de móvil no pasa nada, siempre puedo responder que si el juego lo acepta tiene que ser válida. Pero me gustaría saber realmente por qué se acepta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces ni buscando en el diccionario encuentro la respuesta (bueno, wordreference.com, no sé la última vez que abrí un diccionario de los que pesan). Éste es el caso de “it”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber por qué se aceptan las siguientes palabras: &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fun&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oc&lt;/em&gt;. Y por qué no se aceptan estas: &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aj&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ax&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de aparecer en el DRAE. ¿Es posible que el juego esté mal y debería aceptar, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt;? Entiendo que es un vocablo latín pero se supone que ya entra dentro del vocabulario español como cuando hablamos de un &quot;argumento ad hominem&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16670" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T07:16:08.933" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T11:17:25.340" Title="¿Son &quot;it&quot;, &quot;fun&quot; y &quot;oc&quot; palabras en español?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20817" CreationDate="2017-05-06T19:35:38.210" Score="1" ViewCount="1213" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase me trae muchas confusiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre Pablo se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se analiza sintácticamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede escribir también como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo se dice mi nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre se dice Pablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el sujeto en esta frase? ¿Y que es &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es en análisis sintáctico el mismo en todas las distintas frases? ¿Hay un objeto directo en alguna o en todas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-07T14:34:37.023" Title="¿Cómo se analiza sintacticamente la frase &quot;Mi nombre Pablo se dice&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20801" CreationDate="2017-05-06T20:37:48.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=andar%20de%20parranda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;andar de parranda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estar de fiesta  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;be out partying   &lt;br&gt;&#xA;go out on the town&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(wordreference.com)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos un gato que sale de parranda. Regresa cuando le da la gana.  (Busca un ratón por acá, una ardillita por allá, y de paso saluda a ciertas vecinas cariñosas.  Este gato está operado, pero obviamente algunos no.  Pero creo que &lt;em&gt;gallivant&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;andar de parranda&lt;/em&gt; funcionan, ambos, para ambos casos (con amoríos o sin ellos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anoche salimos de parranda.  Creo que pasamos por cuatro o cinco fiestas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T20:37:48.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20805" CreationDate="2017-05-07T12:15:52.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Completando la respuesta de guifa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se trata de varios dias festivos seguidos, a menudo se habla de un &lt;strong&gt;macropuente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se unen varios festivos no consecutivos, a menudo se denomina &lt;strong&gt;acueducto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16673" LastActivityDate="2017-05-07T12:15:52.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20813" CreationDate="2017-05-07T14:34:37.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase en sí es bastante curiosa, pero ya que la pregunta habla solamente de sintaxis, me limitaré a la sintaxis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ocurre con la mayoría de las oraciones en español, es posible intercambiar de lugar sus partes sin que el significado cambie. Sin embargo, algunos órdenes son comunes, otros sólo se usan para enfatizar alguna parte, y otros son realmente raros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El patrón normal aquí sería &lt;em&gt;Mi nombre se dice Pablo.&lt;/em&gt; En cualquier otro orden la oración suena muy extraña, aunque podría aparecer de esa manera si la métrica lo requiere (en una canción, en un poema, en un refrán). El sujeto es &lt;em&gt;mi nombre&lt;/em&gt; y el objeto directo es &lt;em&gt;Pablo&lt;/em&gt;, sin importar en qué orden esté la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que entiendo del asunto, &lt;em&gt;se dice&lt;/em&gt; es una forma &lt;strong&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/strong&gt;. El verbo en infinitivo, &lt;em&gt;decirse&lt;/em&gt;, funciona como &lt;em&gt;ser dicho&lt;/em&gt;, con el significado de &lt;em&gt;ser expresado como&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser puesto en palabras como&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; es conveniente consultar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (para el uso como indicador de la pasiva refleja, ver la sección &lt;em&gt;2.1 b&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-07T14:34:37.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20720" CreationDate="2017-05-08T03:10:05.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La web WikiLatina dice de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilatina.com/mataburros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mataburros&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen del término se cree que fue en el área de la ventosa en Mexico, en donde era común que los burros cruzaran la carretera, y los camiones y vehículos se accidentaban al chocar con ellos, por eso se instalaba este dispositivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso al &quot;parachoques&quot; se le conoce coloquialmente como &lt;em&gt;mataburros&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt; parece tener sólo los significados de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) diccionario en especial uno de gran tamaño (como indica fedorqui en los comentarios, posiblemente porque el diccionario &quot;hace menos inculta [burra] a la gente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) parachoques grande que se instala al frente de los vehículos (por lo explicado anteriormente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mataburros&lt;/em&gt; parece ser un equivalente de &lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt;, pero el primero por lo visto también hace referencia (en Uruguay) a un&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hueco en el suelo cubierto por barras paralelas en la entrada de una finca, que impide el paso del ganado paro permite en de las personas y vehículos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(también se menciona esa acepción en &lt;a href=&quot;http://365palabras.blogspot.com/2012/05/mataburros.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el origen del término parece estar en el habla coloquial, y viendo que puede haber varios significados, es razonable pensar que se han visto más &lt;em&gt;tumbaburros&lt;/em&gt; que los de la obra de Jiménez y que es él quien hace referencia a algo que ya existe el el habla popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T06:51:16.963" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T06:51:16.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20802" CreationDate="2017-05-08T06:49:29.953" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues revisando la historia de la palabra a través de los diccionarios parece que la evolución ha sido la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1729, el primer diccionario de la RAE, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, refleja para &lt;em&gt;calavera&lt;/em&gt; únicamente el significado óseo. Ya hemos discutido aquí en otras ocasiones el carácter poco científico y muy literario del diccionario por aquel entonces, y este es uno de esos casos en los que merece la pena pararse a leer la definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CALAVERA. f.f. La cabéza del hombre, ù de otro qualquiera animál, yá despojada por la muerte de todo el adorno exterior é interior de facciones, y sentidos, y que solamente le ha quedado la armazón de los huessos, en que se contempla una horrorosa figura de lo que fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni rastro de la acepción que comentas, aunque resulta curioso también leer el significado de esta otra palabra muy cercana (gracias, Rodrigo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CALAVEREAR. v. a. de que usó Quevedo para dar a entender, que las hermosúras y las mozas con la mala vida y los vícios se pierden, y se ponen presto en punto de dar fin, y ser calaveras muriéndose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos ya pues un indicio de que la mala vida te puede llevar a la tumba y sacar tu calavera, expresión inventada al parecer por Francisco de Quevedo. De ahí seguramente surgió en la siguiente versión del diccionario, de 1780, lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CALAVERA. Apodo que se da á la persona de poco juicio, y así se dice: es un CALAVERA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se continúa pues la metáfora de que las acciones de un hombre de poco juicio le pueden llevar con facilidad a la tumba y convertirse, por tanto, en una calavera pero de verdad. De hecho, este diccionario actualiza los términos &lt;em&gt;calaverear&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;hacer calaveradas&quot;), y &lt;em&gt;calaverada&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;acción desconcertante de hombre de poco juicio&quot;). Al menos ya no se restringe el significado a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción se mantuvo a lo largo de los años (en la forma de &quot;hombre de poco juicio y asiento&quot;) hasta su versión de 2001 incluida. Por otro lado, desde 1984 existe otra acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calavera.&lt;/strong&gt; fig. Hombre dado al libertinaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acepción que también se mantuvo hasta 2001. En la última versión del diccionario, la de 2014, estas dos acepciones se fusionaron en una, la que has comentado en el texto de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que poco a poco el término &lt;em&gt;calavera&lt;/em&gt; pasó de denominar al &quot;hombre de poco juicio&quot; a denominar además al &quot;hombre irresponsable&quot; y de ahí al &quot;dado al libertinaje&quot; (irresponsable y sin preocupaciones). Esta evolución es la que ha dado lugar a la acepción actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer caso que he encontrado en el CORDE (del sustantivo &quot;calavera&quot;) es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Os aseguro de veras&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no hago memoria ni&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  del nombre, ni de las señas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Don Luis María... ¡Ya caigo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Justamente, un calavera,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como otros muchos, que allí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  hubo entre gentes diversas.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de la Cruz, &quot;Los picos de oro&quot;, 1765 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cual coincide en fechas con la primera aparición de la definición en un diccionario de la RAE en 1780. El registro de Quevedo del verbo &lt;em&gt;calaverear&lt;/em&gt; con el significado mencionado arriba está fechado entre 1597 y 1645.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T13:09:10.590" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T13:09:10.590" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20812" CreationDate="2017-05-08T07:15:55.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice fedorqui, el juego usa un diccionario diferente al de la RAE. Para saber por qué se admiten esas palabras, tendremos que consultar ese diccionario y ver qué definición ofrece para dichas palabras. De momento, consultando tanto el diccionario de la RAE como el de americanismos de la ASALE, podemos ver que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; no viene en ninguno de los dos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;fun&lt;/em&gt; no viene en el de la RAE pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=fun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sí en el de la ASALE&lt;/a&gt;. En El Salvador significa &lt;em&gt;teléfono&lt;/em&gt; y en Puerto Rico se usa como anglicismo con su significado de &quot;alegría, entretenimiento&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;oc&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QqOm5CV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;viene en el de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; haciendo alusión a la locución &lt;em&gt;lengua de oc&lt;/em&gt;, que vendría a referirse al idioma occitano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a tus otras dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0gW1LAE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marcada como en desuso&lt;/a&gt; por la RAE. Por eso, aunque aparece en este es posible que el de Oxford no la recoja por arcaica. Existe también la voz &lt;em&gt;ad-&lt;/em&gt; como prefijo, pero dudo que los prefijos sean válidos en el juego.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aj&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;achaque&quot;, pero está marcado como que se usa principalmente en plural (&quot;ajes&quot;), y tal vez por eso el de Oxford no la recoja así.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ax&lt;/em&gt;, lo mismo que con &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt;, está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4b0jNyn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marcada como en desuso&lt;/a&gt; en sus dos acepciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que si el juego sigue un diccionario concreto, este no tiene por qué coincidir con el de la RAE, dado que ambos están realizados por entidades diferentes, y cada una sigue su propio criterio para saber qué debe incluirse como perteneciente al idioma y qué no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos cómo define el diccionario de Oxford las palabras que solicitas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en el caso de &quot;it&quot;, si buscas en el &lt;em&gt;Oxford Spanish Dictionary&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la palabra &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, te redirige a &lt;em&gt;post-it&lt;/em&gt;, y de ahí a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TnfXVsj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pósit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que sí viene en el DLE. Por tanto, es posible que el juego te acepte &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; porque considere la palabra como parte de la expresión &lt;em&gt;post-it&lt;/em&gt;, que sí la tiene como válida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en el caso de &lt;em&gt;fun&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/fun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice que es un acortamiento de &lt;em&gt;funboard&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que es una modalidad de windsurf.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en el caso de *oc, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/oc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coincide con la RAE&lt;/a&gt; en que se refiere a la lengua de oc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos que la RAE tiene como criterio el que la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18511/12637&quot;&gt;aparezca en textos escritos durante al menos cinco años&lt;/a&gt;. Igual el de Oxford admite palabras de la expresión oral para poder reflejar los cambios del lenguaje más rápidamente. Ignoro cuáles serán sus criterios exactos, en todo caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T11:17:25.340" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T11:17:25.340" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2017-05-08T13:10:56.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A ver. Como en todos los países hay expresiones que no vienen de algo preciso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo como española te digo &quot;estás empanado&quot; es que estás atontando que estás en lapsus. Si lo quieres relacionar con algo... es como con la frase estás espeso... que quiere decir que estás lento, que piensas con retraso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como cuando tienes un día de esos que no te enteras de nada... ni de lo más obvio... pero supongo que si quieres relacionar &quot;estar empanado&quot; a algo supongo que es eso &quot;estar espeso&quot; que es otra frase que quiere decir lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás espeso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás empanado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás en babia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás obtuso &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se frases que quieren decir que uno no se entera o que está lento en cuanto a reacción. Espero haber ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16684" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T20:59:47.720" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T20:59:47.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20828" CreationDate="2017-05-08T13:51:26.460" Score="5" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I don't want cheese on my food and I want to ask the waiter if something has cheese or not. How do I formulate this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm particularly confused about the sorting of the words. I came up with 3 ways to ask this;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Es eso con queso?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Es que con queso?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso es con queso?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which would be correct and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16685" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T18:21:08.523" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T18:21:08.523" Title="Food questions - 'Is that with...?'" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-05-07T05:33:00.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20805" CreationDate="2017-05-08T13:55:27.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia la gran mayoría de los días festivos no se &quot;celebran&quot; en la fecha exacta sino el lunes siguiente y por esto casi todos los festivos generan que el fin de semana se alargue. Eso es lo que aquí llamamos &lt;strong&gt;puente&lt;/strong&gt;: un fin de semana de 3 días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para este año (2017) el día de todos los santos que en general se celebra el 1&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; de noviembre, el día festivo será el 6 de noviembre que corresponde al lunes siguiente al 01/11/2017, por lo tanto &lt;strong&gt;el puente de Todos los Santos&lt;/strong&gt; son los dias 4,5 y 6 de noviembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no pasa en todos los países todos los años pero la ley colombiana hace que en Colombia &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt; haya un puente de Todos los Santos cada año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T21:40:56.197" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:40:56.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20826" CreationDate="2017-05-08T14:05:51.893" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Eso es con queso? is correct but I think the best way would be to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Eso tiene queso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it is best to use the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;tener&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are asking for the content of some food and you want to know if it &lt;strong&gt;has&lt;/strong&gt; cheese then you use &lt;strong&gt;tiene (tener)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would use &quot;ser (es)&quot; if you see something you do not recognize but you think it is cheese. Then you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es eso queso? = Is that cheese?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an alternative if what you want to know is if something was made &lt;strong&gt;with&lt;/strong&gt; cheese. Then you do use &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Eso está hecho &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; queso? = Was that made &lt;strong&gt;with&lt;/strong&gt; cheese?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are wondering if something comes with cheese on the side then you ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Eso viene con queso? = Does that come with cheese?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that covers most situations, but in any case if it is/comes/has cheese I'd take it :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;EDIT&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As fedorqui said in the comments there is also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Eso lleva queso? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will translate the same as &quot;does that have cheese?&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Lleva&lt;/em&gt; will also be commonly used when talking about recipes like saying &quot;The recipe asks for cheese&quot;=&quot;La receta lleva queso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T21:38:44.760" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:38:44.760" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20831" CreationDate="2017-05-08T21:10:49.910" Score="15" ViewCount="3239" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word is &lt;em&gt;sabroso&lt;/em&gt; and am wondering which is the correct diminutive form?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sabrocita, or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sabrosita &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen both used in writings, names of restaurants, etc.  Is there a rule?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T21:20:06.270" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T23:47:12.973" Title="Which is the diminutive for &quot;sabroso&quot;? &quot;Sabrosita&quot; or &quot;sabrocita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20830" CreationDate="2017-05-08T21:55:10.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;-cito&quot; is a very common diminutive ending; however, the general rule is that words that end in '-o' usually lose the '-o', to have it replaced with '-ito'. Similarly, the diminutive of words that end in '-a' is usually '-ita'. Plurals that end in '-os' and '-as' are changed to '-itos' and '-itas', respectively.  So, for example, &lt;em&gt;vaso&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;vasito&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacos&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;taquitos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pluma&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;plumita&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are exceptions to this rule, however, such as 'sofá' → 'sofacito', 'manos' → 'manitas'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since one can find many instances of the diminutive written with &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; and there is nothing about it published by the RAE, I used ngram as a source of empirical evidence; this is what I found: &quot;sabrosito&quot; is used a lot and &quot;sabrocito&quot; is rarely used. It's safe to assume that the latter is not right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching for an official source I found this interesting article published by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-forma-correcta-de-escribir-los-diminutivos-lenguaje-en-el-tiempo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fundeu&lt;/a&gt; which mentions these rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es verdad que una de las formas de construir los diminutivos es agregar el sufijo -cito, con c, como en avioncito, noviecito y Carmencita, pero si la palabra original termina en s, se mantiene la s y se agrega -ito, como en Andresito y Luisitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated in the same article, this does not apply to plurals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este caso se debe partir del sustantivo singular mamá, cuyo diminutivo es mamacita, y ahí sí agregar la -s para formar los plurales, mamás y mamacitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this it is easy to see why words ended in &quot;so&quot; will form the diminutive this way. It would not make sense to remove the '-o' and add '-cito'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=sabrosito%2C%20sabrocito&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Csabrosito%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csabrocito%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EsoDv.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EsoDv.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="287" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T23:47:12.973" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T23:47:12.973" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20832" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T00:31:01.970" Score="2" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that, when it comes to the present progressive form, the direct object pronoun can be put either before the first verb or attached to the present participle (with the added accent), such as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo los estoy comiendo.&lt;/em&gt; OR &lt;em&gt;Yo estoy comiéndolos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, when it comes to the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt;, is it possible to attach it to the present participle? Although it seems orthographically displeasing in the Spanish language, would it be &lt;em&gt;Yo estoy buscándoos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14064" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T00:49:38.290" Title="Direct/Indirect Object Pronoun OS" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20832" CreationDate="2017-05-09T00:49:38.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Niños, llevo &lt;strong&gt;lamándoos&lt;/strong&gt; a comer por diez minutos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;rogándoos&lt;/strong&gt; encarecidamente que dejéis eso y vengáis a comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There might be some fine print. In &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this example&lt;/a&gt; from RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suplicamos + os = suplicámoos, y no &lt;em&gt;suplicamosos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T00:49:38.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20830" CreationDate="2017-05-09T01:10:01.680" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the last syllable of the word includes the letter &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, the diminutive is formed by adding &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt; to the end of the word and preserving the s:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Va&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;va&lt;strong&gt;sito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hue&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;hue&lt;strong&gt;sito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;O&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;o&lt;strong&gt;sito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ca&lt;strong&gt;sa&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ca&lt;strong&gt;sita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sabro&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sabro&lt;strong&gt;sito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (example word)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise the diminutives are formed by adding &lt;em&gt;-cito/a&lt;/em&gt; to the end of the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arroz: &lt;em&gt;arro&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Café: &lt;em&gt;cafe&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pobre: &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;strong&gt;cita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Despacio: &lt;em&gt;despa&lt;strong&gt;cito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1226" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T13:04:08.620" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T13:04:08.620" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T01:55:05.400" Score="8" ViewCount="5636" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los tiempos en que la peseta era la divisa en España se decía coloquialmente &quot;un kilo&quot; para significar &quot;un millón de pesetas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Madrid ha pagado 50 &lt;em&gt;kilos&lt;/em&gt; por ese jugador nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo es que mil billetes de mil pesetas pesaban casi un kilo (1000 gramos), y dicen que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-15-08-2006/abc/Economia/un-kilo-ya-no-es-un-millon-de-pesetas-sino-73_1422878646846.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fue el torero Manunel Benítez &quot;el Cordobés&quot;&lt;/a&gt; quien hizo &quot;el descubrimiento&quot;. El término se mantuvo con la llegada del euro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2013/08/22/primera/1377208308_716774.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Florentino&lt;/a&gt; se ha gastado casi 1000 &quot;kilos&quot; en sus 50 fichajes (1000 millones de euros)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mh281FW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mantiene el significado de &quot;millón de &lt;strong&gt;pesetas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de americanismos &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=kilo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no recoge ese significado&lt;/a&gt; de &quot;kilo&quot;. ¿Significa eso que esa acepción coloquial de &quot;kilo&quot; no se usa y no se entiende?, ¿o que no se usa pero es posible que se entienda, dependiendo del país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T17:21:13.590" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T17:50:28.650" Title="¿Se usa &quot;kilo&quot; como &quot;millón&quot; en Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20837" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20841" CreationDate="2017-05-09T02:12:06.840" Score="7" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is &lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt; (the Argentine pronoun) conjugated in forms beyond the present indicative? Would it be the same as the &lt;strong&gt;vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; forms, except that the &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; is omitted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vos comprastes; Vos bebistes; Vos vivistes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if this is the case, does this apply to all other tenses/aspects/moods and their conjugations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14064" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T06:53:46.960" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T06:53:46.960" Title="How is the conjugation for the &quot;vos&quot; pronoun in forms beyond the present indicative?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20845" CreationDate="2017-05-09T03:24:26.113" Score="6" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the song &quot;Cielito Lindo&quot;, &lt;em&gt;canta y&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced as if it were &lt;em&gt;cantay&lt;/em&gt;. Is this standard, just a singing oddity, or a regional variation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16693" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T11:20:37.263" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T07:05:44.677" Title="How should 'canta y' be pronounced?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20842" CreationDate="2017-05-09T03:32:36.740" Score="1" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is an excerpt from Sábato's El Túnel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;todo tiempo pasado fue mejor&quot; no indica que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm reading this as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;the past was better&quot; does not indicate that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused as I have been taught that descriptions of the past required the imperfect.  In this case, I'm unsure of how to read this as I'm expecting to see &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could this be a stylistic choice by Sábato?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T20:08:32.847" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T06:27:04.073" Title="Is it correct to say &quot;todo tiempo pasado 'fue' mejor&quot; instead of &quot;todo tiempo pasado 'era' mejor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20838" CreationDate="2017-05-09T03:43:29.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is perfectly normal. Spanish links sounds between words, especially when the latter starts with a vowel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T03:43:29.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20837" CreationDate="2017-05-09T03:49:08.527" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, the pronoun is normally conjugated identically to the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form in all forms except for the present indicative (&lt;em&gt;-ás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-és&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ís&lt;/em&gt;) and the imperative (&lt;em&gt;-á&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-é&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-í&lt;/em&gt;), although it may popularly used with other conjugations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the pronoun is not exclusive to Argentina by any means, and you can find quite a few different forms depending on where you are at.  Chile tends to have the most unique forms, some places are more conservative (Venezuela, Cuba) and retain forms that perfectly coincide with the &lt;em&gt;vos reverencial&lt;/em&gt; (which is the same as modern day &lt;em&gt;vosotros/as&lt;/em&gt; in Spain and Equatorial Guinea), and all feature some degree of overlap between &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; forms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Present indicative&#xA;  -ás, -és, ís&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Mexico&#xA;  -ái, -í, -í&#xA;     Chile&#xA;  -áis, ís, ís&#xA;     Chile, Ecuador&#xA;  -áis, -éis, ís&#xA;     Bolivia, Venezuela, Panama&#xA;  -ái, éi, ís&#xA;     Panama, Cuba&#xA;&#xA;Imperfect indicative&#xA;  -abas, -ías, -ías&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela,&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Mexico,&#xA;     Cuba&#xA;  -abai(s), -íai(s), -íai(s)&#xA;     Chile&#xA;&#xA;Simple preterite perfect indicative&#xA;  -aste, -iste, -iste&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela,&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Cuba&#xA;  -astes, -istes, -istes&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Perú, Colombia, Venezuela,&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Mexico&#xA;  -ates, -ites, -ites&#xA;     Colombia, Venezuela&#xA;&#xA;Future indicative&#xA;  -ás, -ás, -ás&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, &#xA;     Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama&#xA;  -ís, -ís, -ís&#xA;     Chile, Ecuador&#xA;  -í, -í, -í&#xA;     Chile&#xA;  -ás, -ís, -ís&#xA;     Peru &#xA;  -és, -és, -és&#xA;     Colombia, Venezuela, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico&#xA;   -éis, -éis, -éis&#xA;     Venezuela, Cuba&#xA;   -éi, -éi, -éi&#xA;     Cuba&#xA;&#xA;Present subjunctive&#xA;  -es, -as, -as&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela,&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, Mexico, Cuba&#xA;  -és, -ás, -ás&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Colombia, Guatemala,&#xA;     El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica&#xA;  -ís, -áis, -áis&#xA;     Chile&#xA;  -í, -ái, -ái&#xA;     Chile&#xA;&#xA;Imperfect subjunctive&#xA;  -ras/-ses, -ras/-ses, -ras/-ses&#xA;     Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela,&#xA;     Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, &#xA;     Mexico, Cuba&#xA;  -rai/-sei, -rai/-sei, -rai/-sei&#xA;     Chile&#xA;  -rais/-seis, -rais/-seis, -rais/-seis&#xA;     Chile&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T03:49:08.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20839" CreationDate="2017-05-09T04:11:26.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Descriptions are &lt;em&gt;often&lt;/em&gt; in the imperfect because if I'm narrating a story, that description doesn't cease to be — the description is valid throughout at least part of the rest of the story.  Preterite indicates the description was over and done with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a statement like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En 2015, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;viví&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;vivía&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el Perú&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are perfectly valid.  I use the preterite if I envision the year as a single action.  Perhaps my next statement would be &lt;em&gt;Y después fui a Colombia&lt;/em&gt;.  On the other hand, I use the imperfect if I am going to enter into detail about the year because the year will still be on-going within the frame of narration.  For example, with imperfect my next sentence might be &lt;em&gt;Trabajaba en una oficina y todos los días…&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keeping that in mind, if we look at the original sentence, if we say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/strong&gt; tiempo pasado fue mejor&lt;/em&gt;, we are talking &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; time in the past.  We're not envisioning that as a description that continues throughout some narration.  We are considering the past, in its wholeness, as a single thing that is over and done with.  That fits in with the use of preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T04:11:26.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20830" CreationDate="2017-05-09T05:28:21.003" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have shown, the version with the S is the correct one.  I will offer a conjecture as to why the version with C is also common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First reason: Large swaths of Spanish speakers, at least in Mexico, the Spanish-speaking country I know well, have rather vague ideas about correct spelling.  I think this is at least partly because when you are working with a language whose spelling is so straightforward for the most part, you can get away with just sounding things out and not having to bother learning correct spelling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second reason: there are lots of common words whose correct spelling ends with '-cito' and '-cita'.  So people get in the habit of spelling the ending sound with a C, without stopping to think about which one would be logically correct, based on the original word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mamacita, Papacito&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pobrecito&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;grandecita&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pancito&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T05:28:21.003" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20838" CreationDate="2017-05-09T06:35:22.363" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish poetry, when counting the syllables in a verse you must count as one syllable when the last syllable of a word ends with a vowel and the first one of the next one starts also with a vowel. This is knows as &lt;em&gt;sinalefa&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwSi7PN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinalefa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;synaloepha&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. συναλοιφή &lt;em&gt;synaloiphḗ&lt;/em&gt;, der.&#xA;  de συναλείφειν &lt;em&gt;synaleíphein&lt;/em&gt; 'confundir, mezclar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Fon. y Métr. Unión en una única sílaba de dos o más vocales contiguas pertenecientes a palabras distintas; p. ej., &lt;em&gt;mu-tuoin-te-rés&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  por &lt;em&gt;mu-tuo-in-te-rés&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give you an odd example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta el arte abstracto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me-gus-tael-ar-teabs-trac-to. (7 syllables in the verse.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the general rule, as this is how we pronounce in real life, linking sounds. There are exceptions but in your case it is just like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Canta y no llores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Can-tay-no-llo-res. (5 syllables in the verse.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When singing, you need to sing according to the syllables in the verse, that's why you need to apply the same rules. In fact, you have another example in the same song:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Porque cantando se alegran,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cielito lindo, los corazones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Por-que-can-tan-do-sea-le-gran. (8 syllables in the verse.)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that once more I have grouped &lt;code&gt;sea&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;se alegran&lt;/code&gt;. This linking thing is not exclusive to the Spanish language. Just think how the English language does the same when rendering &lt;code&gt;he is&lt;/code&gt; into &lt;code&gt;he's&lt;/code&gt;. It is the same principle, only that Spanish does not contract words (with the exceptions of &lt;code&gt;al&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;del&lt;/code&gt;) in the written expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T07:05:44.677" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T07:05:44.677" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20839" CreationDate="2017-05-09T06:50:30.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase is taken from one of the earliest classics in Spanish literature, Jorge Manrique's &lt;em&gt;Coplas a la muerte de su padre&lt;/em&gt;. The first copla goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Recuerde el alma dormida&#xA;Avive el seso e despierte&#xA;Contemplando&#xA;Cómo se pasa la vida&#xA;Cómo se viene la muerte&#xA;Tan callando&#xA;Cuán presto se va el placer&#xA;Cómo después de acordado&#xA;Da dolor&#xA;Cómo a nuestro parecer&#xA;Cualquiera tiempo pasado&#xA;Fue mejor&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this medieval poem, some words have different meanings from today and also the grammar is a bit different. But the choice of verb tense still makes sense. The poet is separating the past from the present, so &lt;em&gt;cualquiera tiempo pasado fue mejor&lt;/em&gt; deals with things concluded. Looking from the present, those things that happened in the past look better. Hence the use of the &lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt; rather than the &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T06:50:30.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T08:02:57.347" Score="2" ViewCount="1430" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé en otras regiones, pero aquí en Andalucía tenemos una palabreja que usamos, por ejemplo, cuando hemos bebido demasiada agua y notamos el estómago pesado en consecuencia. Así, decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo el estómago &lt;em&gt;enguachinao&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O directamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;em&gt;enguachinao&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me he &lt;em&gt;enguachinao&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de esas típicas palabras coloquiales que no piensas que vaya a estar en el diccionario. Pero resulta que sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FPgfwJy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enguachinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Enaguachar, enaguazar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de ahí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Euc4WzG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enaguachar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;en-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aguachar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner demasiada agua en algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Causar en el estómago estorbo y pesadez, como consecuencia de beber mucho o comer mucha fruta. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde encontramos el significado que comentaba al principio. La duda es simple: aunque el diccionario no indica la etimología de &lt;em&gt;enguachinar&lt;/em&gt;, ¿sería una corrupción de &lt;em&gt;enaguachar&lt;/em&gt;? A fin de cuentas, esta última lleva en el diccionario desde 1837, mientras que la primera aparece solamente desde 1925.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿Se usa &lt;em&gt;enguachinar&lt;/em&gt; fuera de Andalucía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Giro inesperado de guion: hay un caso en el CORDE del siglo XVIII. Negritas mías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le dije a Blanco, y aún antes de ahora se lo tengo dicho, que me parece preciso se haga en todo aquel valle, desde el principio de la huerta hasta su final una zanja o cauce que recoja todas aquellas aguas que le sobran a la tierra, porque si no, aúnque más se aren, siendo los años de aguas, es preciso &lt;strong&gt;se enguachine&lt;/strong&gt; o empantane todo el valle.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego de Vargas y Carvajal, &quot;Carta a Rodríguez Campomanes [Epistolario de Pedro Rodríguez Campomanes]&quot;, 1773 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T10:24:28.800" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T10:24:28.800" Title="¿Es &quot;enguachinar&quot; una corrupción de &quot;enaguachar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20847" CreationDate="2017-05-09T10:05:45.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sale la etimología directamente, pero si damos un rodeo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Aragón usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;aguachinar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aguarchinar&lt;/em&gt; con el sentido de poner demasiada agua en algo. He ido a buscarlas al DLE, a ver si tenía suerte, y no he encontrado la segunda, pero sí la primera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=aguachinar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguachinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BimpfK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguachar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Estropear un fruto u otro alimento por exceso de agua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EugJNln&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enaguazar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Llenar de agua algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, si sigues ese enlace a &lt;em&gt;aguachar&lt;/em&gt;, te dice que significa... &lt;em&gt;enaguachar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, viendo que todas estas palabras están relacionadas y que &lt;em&gt;aguachinar&lt;/em&gt; deriva de &lt;em&gt;aguachar&lt;/em&gt;, no me parece muy retorcido deducir que &lt;em&gt;enguachinar&lt;/em&gt; se deriva igualmente de &lt;em&gt;enaguachar&lt;/em&gt;. La primera &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;enaguachinar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; se ha perdido por el camino porque en una palabra tan larga es muy débil y tiende a desaparecer de la pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T10:05:45.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2017-05-09T11:08:13.627" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondo por Argentina solamente, en principio: &lt;em&gt;kilo&lt;/em&gt;, además de ser un prefijo, sólo se usa para &lt;em&gt;kilogramo&lt;/em&gt;. No he escuchado en ningún otro lugar de América &lt;em&gt;kilo&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de muchas unidades monetarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como referencia, en Argentina (y creo que en Chile) mil unidades monetarias locales (pesos o lo que fuera) se llaman coloquialmente una &lt;em&gt;luca&lt;/em&gt;. Cien unidades son una &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt;. Un millón son un &lt;em&gt;palo&lt;/em&gt; (si son dólares, un &lt;em&gt;palo verde&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T11:08:13.627" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T12:51:38.070" Score="6" ViewCount="2574" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20849/1674&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20836/1674&quot;&gt;¿Se usa “kilo” como “millón” en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/a&gt;, pablodf76 comenta que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) en Argentina (y creo que en Chile) mil unidades monetarias locales (pesos o lo que fuera) se llaman coloquialmente una luca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DRAE constato el hecho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NdzzpBX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. coloq. Arg., Col. y Ur. Mil pesos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo mismo con el Diccionario de americanismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=jenPyFAfBx0AvZCYcO6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  Ar, Ur, pop; Ch, pop + cult → espon. Cantidad de dinero equivalente a mil pesos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  f. pl. Co. Dinero. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. ǁ    de a ~.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  i.  loc. adj. Ec, Bo. Referido a cosa material, barata o de mala calidad. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ii. Ec, Bo. Referido a precio, bajo. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  iii.    Ec. juv. Referido a persona o cosa, que no sirve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no encuentro el origen etimológico de la palabra. ¿Alguien sabe de dónde viene su uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T21:03:26.883" Title="¿Por qué se denomina &quot;luca&quot; a mil pesos?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20850" CreationDate="2017-05-09T12:51:38.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay unas cuantas páginas que dan fe de su origen. Por ejemplo en 24horas.cl se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.24horas.cl/tendencias/espectaculosycultura/por-que-le-decimos-luca-al-billete-de-mil-pesos-1760759&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Por qué le decimos &amp;quot;luca&amp;quot; al billete de mil pesos?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de la historia cuenta que, en el siglo XVIII., en España le llamaban a unas monedas las &amp;quot;peluconas&amp;quot;, debido a la presencia de un personaje que usaba este atuendo típico para aquel entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestro país, en su condición de colonia hispánica, inevitablemente comenzó a adoptar el modismo y así vincularlo al dinero criollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el paso de los años permitió que el nombre se fuera acortando lentamente, pasando a &amp;quot;peluca&amp;quot; hasta quedar como la conocemos hoy: luca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la evolución del término fue transversal de nuestro país, porque en Uruguay, Argentina y Colombia también lo usan para denominar a las divisas locales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual enlaza con el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19132/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;peluco&lt;/em&gt; para nombrar un reloj ostentoso&lt;/a&gt;, por la presencia de la peluca del rey en las monedas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como la moda en el siglo XVIII, entre la alta nobleza, era de llevar peluca, al rey se le representaba con una peluca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T21:03:26.883" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20852" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20853" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Uruguay / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Uruguay." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T13:05:32.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20830" CreationDate="2017-05-09T13:40:46.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://webfacil.info/dudas/%C2%BFcafesito-o-cafecito-la-ortografia-de-los-diminutivos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cafesito o cafecito? La ortografía de los diminutivos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la palabra de origen tiene &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; en la última sílaba, la conserva en la terminación -ito, -ita; si no lleva &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt; debe usarse -cito, -cita. En los casos en que el primitivo lleva &lt;em&gt;zeta&lt;/em&gt; ésta se convierte en &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the original word has &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; in the last syllable, it keeps it in the endings &lt;em&gt;-ito/a&lt;/em&gt;; if it does not have S, &lt;em&gt;-cito/a&lt;/em&gt; must be used. In the cases where the original has &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt;, this becomes &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pe&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;o → pe&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;ito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;botón → boton&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;ito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tena&lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;a → tena&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;ita&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also interesting to read &lt;a href=&quot;http://algarabia.com/lengua/reglas-para-usar-diminutivos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reglas ortográficas para formar diminutivos regulares e irregulares&lt;/a&gt;. There we read about the basics of this topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los diminutivos son sufijos o morfemas que no cuentan con un significado propio, pero que al agregarse a la raíz —o sea, a la palabra— logran que ésta se transforme en otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And makes us see the underlying idea: &lt;em&gt;sabroso&lt;/em&gt; is the word and &lt;em&gt;sabros&lt;/em&gt; the root to which we add the suffix. So the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; at the end does not change no matter what suffix we add to it. We can say &lt;em&gt;sabroso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabrosón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabrosísimo&lt;/em&gt; or whatever, all of them having the common stem &lt;em&gt;sabros&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;sabroc&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is kind of errors come often from Hispanic America, where &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5469/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; are pronounced the same way&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;/s/&lt;/em&gt;. In Spain we do distinguish these sounds, so the word &lt;em&gt;sabrocito&lt;/em&gt; would not sound fine; however, in those countries both &lt;em&gt;sabrosito&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sabrocito&lt;/em&gt; have the same sound &lt;em&gt;/sabrosito/&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T13:46:31.283" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T13:46:31.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20862" CreationDate="2017-05-09T14:28:33.403" Score="4" ViewCount="2968" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los primeros tiempos del español, la palabra &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt; tenía el mismo significado que tiene hoy día en italiano: &quot;pierna&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas por la vermina que es dentro eillos se vntan los braços &amp;amp; las gambas de jus &#xA;  de limones &amp;amp; dotras yerbas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Viaje de Juan de Mandevilla&quot;, c 1400 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra, que Covarrubias decía que era un vocablo italiano que solo conocían los que habían salido de España, ya estaba marcada como &quot;de poco uso&quot; por el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho, se encuentran muy pocos casos en el CORDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;pierna&quot; se mantiene en el diccionario durante mucho tiempo, y no es hasta 1936 cuando por fin aparece la acepción referente al crustáceo, ya prácticamente igual a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IoEUloK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la actual&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Crustáceo semejante al langostino, pero algo menor, y sin los surcos que tiene aquel en el caparazón a uno y otro lado de la quilla mocha. Habita en el Mediterráneo y es comestible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta acepción, el primer caso del CORDE es de unos años antes, de finales del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los percebes, las gambas, las ostras escabechadas, las cañaillas, los langostinos y los camarones son los más usados como ordubres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ángel Muro, &quot;El Practicón. Tratado completo de cocina&quot;, 1891-1894 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, lo que no sé es cómo se originó esta acepción de &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;crustáceo&quot;. Mirando la etimología de la palabra, veo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt; 'pierna', este del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;camba&lt;/em&gt; 'pierna de las caballerías', y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;καμπή kampḗ&lt;/em&gt; 'curvatura'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que en última instancia viene de una palabra griega que significa &quot;curvatura&quot;, ¿podría ser que el origen de esta acepción sea porque la gamba es un animal con el cuerpo curvado? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T16:51:58.407" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T16:51:58.407" Title="¿De dónde viene el significado de &quot;gamba&quot; como &quot;crustáceo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20771" CreationDate="2017-05-09T14:51:39.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión como las anteriores,  el uso es posible pero no es común y suelen ir acompañados de un diminutivo. En ocasiones he podido escuchar &quot;pomelito/a&quot; y algunos más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16703" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T14:51:39.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20830" CreationDate="2017-05-09T15:58:27.760" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct ending for this word is -sito. Ending -cito is probably more common in Latin America but for me is incorrect and very unusual in Spain &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16703" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T15:58:27.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20732" CreationDate="2017-05-09T17:16:29.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An amalgam of various entries, with a few additional ideas, but not intended as a competing entry.  I'm posting this because there were some parts of the original where I felt the charm and gentle humor needed to come out more.  Also I used some tricks to get a bit more succinctness (see notes below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;341&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sin atascarse con exigencias racionales&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por Tom y Ray Magliozzi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tom&lt;/strong&gt;    Por 1973 abrimos un taller mecánico &lt;em&gt;hazlo tú mismo&lt;/em&gt; con alquile de útiles, el &lt;em&gt;Hackers Haven&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ray&lt;/strong&gt; Idea genial: descansar en bata blanca mientras nos pagan por darse un coco con la caja de cambios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tom&lt;/strong&gt; Pero ¡ay! La mayoría necesitaba una mano.  Al poco pasamos a prestar ayuda, dándonos el coscorrón mientras el cliente descansaba en bata blanca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes: I'm not sure if &amp;quot;darse un coco&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;coscorrón&amp;quot; work in this context; I'm not sure about &amp;quot;atascarse&amp;quot; -- this is my first time using this word in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tricks: using the present tense (&amp;quot;nos pagan&amp;quot;) to describe the basic idea; using the singular (&amp;quot;el cliente descansaba&amp;quot;) to convey the plural in an established context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the last line I reversed the order of what the client and the owners did, to make it flow better and to save some characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T18:32:36.343" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-09T17:16:29.467" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20850" CreationDate="2017-05-09T21:48:15.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la versión de las &quot;pelucas&quot; -indicada por fedorqui- me parece la más convincente, existe la posibilidad de que su origen esté en el &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; (la lengua de los gitanos españoles). En realidad ambas versiones no tendrían por qué ser excluyentes. La expongo acá porque me parece entretenida, principalmente a partir de &quot;Apuntaciones sobre el caló bogotano&quot; (Max Leopold Wagner, 1950) y de un googleo rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caló de fines del siglo XIX, &quot;peseta&quot; se decía &lt;em&gt;lúa&lt;/em&gt;, palabra cuyo origen no remite a las &quot;pelucas&quot;, sino al argot antiguo francés, a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;luque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=VuT91RX6cssC&amp;amp;pg=PA146&amp;amp;lpg=PA146&amp;amp;dq=luque#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=luque&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya detectada en 1628&lt;/a&gt;, 150 años antes de la onza pelucona con el perfil de Carlos III. Hay que aclarar que estas &quot;lúas&quot; corresponden a las pesetas, no a las onzas peluconas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luque&lt;/em&gt; significaba &quot;certificado falso&quot;, y probablemente derivaba de la villa de Lucques, una localidad francesa en la que se comerciaba la seda. Posteriormente &lt;em&gt;luque&lt;/em&gt; pasó a significar también &quot;naipes&quot; en la germanía (o sea en el lenguaje de los delincuentes), y de ahí pasó como &quot;lúa&quot; al caló y a la jergas española, portuguesa y americana, donde también podía significar &quot;luz&quot; y &quot;prostituta&quot; (aunque toda esta confusión está poco clara, y se mezcla con la de la palabra española &lt;em&gt;lea&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de &lt;em&gt;lúas&lt;/em&gt;, en un juego de palabras típico de &quot;los bajos fondos&quot;, a la baraja se le dijo &quot;masselucas&quot; (el Maese Lucas), palabra que aparentemente permaneció en el lunfardo rioplatense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paso de &quot;los naipes&quot; a &quot;las monedas&quot; no parece disparatado, sobre todo considerando que en la jerga popular es muy fácil saltar de un significado a otro por mero sentido del humor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T21:48:15.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20678" CreationDate="2017-05-09T22:26:47.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buen día y Buenos días son igual acá en México, generalmente cuando cuando saludas a alguien todos los días se saluda con &quot;Buen día&quot;, es una forma de decir &quot;que tengas buen día&quot; y &quot;buenos días&quot; es para cuando no se saluda a la persona en cuestión en varios días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la pregunta: NO, no se usa &quot;buen día&quot; como sustituto de &quot;Hola&quot; en cualquier hora del día. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:26:47.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20855" CreationDate="2017-05-09T22:28:52.477" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No deriva del italiano &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;pierna&quot;) sino del latín &lt;em&gt;cammarus&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;langostino&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CAMMARUS pasó a GAMBARUS, y de ahí al catalán GAMBA. En español usamos desde el siglo XX la palabra catalana, sinónimo de la castiza &lt;em&gt;camarón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser (aunque no veo referencias válidas), que efectivamente gamba/pierna y gamba/crustáceo estén emparentados en el indoeuropeo &lt;em&gt;*kamer&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;curvatura&quot;, de donde viene &lt;em&gt;cámara&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T22:34:56.367" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:34:56.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20876" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:49:19.020" Score="7" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.georgerrmartin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;George R. R. Martin&lt;/a&gt; es el conocido autor de la saga &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canci%C3%B3n_de_hielo_y_fuego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Canción de Hielo y Fuego&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, llevada a la pequeña pantalla como &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juego_de_tronos_(serie_de_televisi%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juego de Tronos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, título de la primera novela de la saga. Antes de alcanzar el increíble éxito de crítica y público por esta saga, Martin ya había recibido varios premios &lt;em&gt;Hugo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Nébula&lt;/em&gt; por sus obras cortas de ficción en los años setenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El transaltion-golf de esta semana es un fragmento de &lt;em&gt;Sandkings&lt;/em&gt;. El protagonista, Simon Kress, conoce estas &lt;em&gt;formas de vida&lt;/em&gt; de la mano de Jala Wo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sandkings&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Note the colors, if you will,” Wo told him. She pointed to the creatures that swarmed over the nearest castle. One was scrabbling at&#xA;the tank wall. Kress studied it. It still looked like an insect to his eyes. Barely as long as his fingernail, six-limbed, with six tiny eyes&#xA;set all around its body. A wicked set of mandibles clacked visibly, while two long, fine antennae wove patterns in the air. Antennae, mandibles, eyes, and legs were sooty black, but the dominant color was the burnt orange of its armor plating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(416 caracteres)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este relato corto está por supuesto traducido al español (se puede encontrar entre otras antologías en &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Canciones que Cantan los Muertos&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi propuesta de traducción&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; contiene &lt;strong&gt;469 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Los Reyes de la Arena&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;    La mujer señaló las criaturas que bullían en torno al castillo más cercano. Una de ellas estaba rascando la pared del tanque. Kress la examinó. A sus ojos, seguía teniendo el aspecto de un insecto. Apenas tan larga como una uña, con seis patas y seis ojos diminutos dispuestos en torno a su cuerpo. Un desagradable juego de mandíbulas se abría y cerraba visiblemente, mientras dos largas y delicadas antenas trazaban figuras en el aire. Antenas, mandíbulas, ojos y patas estaban ennegrecidos, pero el color dominante era el naranja encendido de su blindaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordad que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2591/5481&quot;&gt;las normas&lt;/a&gt;, para cualquier consulta, están en meta. Para cualquier otra cosa dejad un comentario. Recordad además que aparte de buscar la traducción con menor número de caracteres, queremos conservar el sentido. La descripción del &lt;em&gt;bichito&lt;/em&gt; se las trae en este caso... pero creo que eso puede servir para lucirse y darle mucho juego a esta partida de translation golf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sandkings&lt;/em&gt; ha sido traducido de diversas formas. Hay una obvia y otras más creativas. He querido incluirlo como parte del texto (y como reto adicional), para ver qué se os ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que os divirtáis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya han pasado un par de días y hay cuatro magníficas aportaciones, voy a compartir otra de las posibles traducciones &amp;quot;oficiales&amp;quot; que he visto para &lt;em&gt;Sandkings&lt;/em&gt;, para comparar y estimular un poco más la partida con comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Este relato corto de George R. R. Martin fue trasladado a la pequeña pantalla en un episodio piloto de la serie &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1s_all%C3%A1_del_l%C3%ADmite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más Allá del Límite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Outer_Limits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Outer Limits&lt;/a&gt;). Tanto en España como en hispanoamérica se tituló de la misma manera: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_aren%C3%ADcolas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los arenícolas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo esa tradución, he de decir que las propuestas en este juego (Sultanes, Psamófilos) no tienen nada que envidiar en cuanto a creatividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Fin de la partida&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ganador&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20876/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;walen&lt;/strong&gt; con 235 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enhorabuena a todos, por una partida tan emocionante, tal despliegue de creatividad y deportividad (al evitar usar lo que otros jugadores ya habían usado y pese a todo, encontrar soluciones brillantes para acortar la traducción). Con cuatro o cinco ediciones cada uno, cada vez con un usuario nuevo poniéndose en cabeza o recuperando terreno, esta partida me ha recordado a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XtyL1ZefbrI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta legendaria final de baloncesto&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;¡Bien jugado!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@walen, recuerda que tienes un par de días para proponer un nuevo reto, si lo quieres empezar tú. No es una obligación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. Descargo de responsabilidad: aporto la traducción de acuerdo a las normas, pero no es mía, sino la traducción  de un editor/traductor profesional para este relato al español (o una de ellas). Así espero evitar también cierto sesgo en cuanto a hacer una traducción fiel al original (nadie más interesado en ello que el propio editor/traductor comercial de esta obra).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:08:05.157" Title="Translation-golf VI: Sandkings by George R. R. Martin" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-10T11:49:27.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2017-05-10T12:45:25.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;351, 326, 288&lt;/s&gt; 283 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reyes arenosos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wo: &amp;quot;Mira los tonos&amp;quot;— y señaló los bichos apiñados redor del tanque. Kress estudió uno; cavaba en el muro del tanque, le pareció un insecto. Largo cual uña, con seis patas y seis ojitos, malvadas mandíbulas claqueteantes y dos largas y finas antenas tejiendo en el aire. Todo, de negro tiznado; y, dominante, el naranja quemado de su caparazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;traduzco &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=wicked&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wicked&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;pícara&lt;/em&gt;, si bien por contexto puede que su acepción más adecuada sea la de&lt;/s&gt; &lt;em&gt;malvada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;traduzco &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=sooty&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sooty&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;em&gt;tiznado&lt;/em&gt;, como si estuviera recubierto de hollín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VZhUYLS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;redor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;alrededor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;omito la repetición de las partes del cuerpo en la frase final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;uso &lt;em&gt;tonos&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;colores&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;hago caer el &lt;em&gt;dispuestos sobre su cuerpo&lt;/em&gt; por obvio. Con &amp;quot;seis patas y seis ojitos&amp;quot; considero que ya se entiende la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paso del modo explícito &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Fíjate en los colores&amp;quot;, le dijo Wo&lt;/em&gt; al implícito y teatral &lt;em&gt;Wo: &amp;quot;Mira los tonos&amp;quot;—&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Utilizo &lt;em&gt;cavar&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;escarbar&lt;/em&gt; para decir &amp;quot;scrabbling&amp;quot;. Hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/escarbar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muchos sinónimos&lt;/a&gt;, este es el más corto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recupero &lt;em&gt;tanque&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;castillo&lt;/em&gt;. Ignoro por qué usé la palabra larga en un principio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso &lt;em&gt;Todo, de negro tiznado; y, dominante, el naranja quemado de su caparazón&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;em&gt;dominante&lt;/em&gt; entre comas enfatiza que ese naranja es el que destaca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T07:46:06.577" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-10T12:45:25.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T13:51:41.763" Score="5" ViewCount="1338" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_giver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Indian giver&lt;/a&gt; es un término peyorativo que designa a alguien que te da un regalo y luego te lo quita o roba, lo pide de vuelta o pide otra cosa a cambio del &quot;regalo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo que de niño mi hermano y yo usábamos la expresión &quot;te lo &lt;em&gt;desregalo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (algo típico de niños. Le das un regalo a alguien cuando estás de buenas, pero luego, si la persona te hace enfadar con &quot;lógica infantil&quot; piensas que ya no se merece ese regalo que le hiciste tiempo ha, y lo exiges de vuelta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término en inglés tiene una acepción un poco más amplia, porque puede referirse no solo a alguien que te pide el regalo de vuelta, sino a alguien que te hace el regalo para poder pedir un favor u otro tipo de regalo a cambio (un &lt;em&gt;interesado&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su etimología, la expresión tiene fuertes connotaciones raciales, aparte de que su uso ya de por sí sea peyorativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún equivalente en español para &quot;alguien que te hace un regalo por interés para pedir algo a cambio o que luego te quita el regalo que te ha hecho&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en español la expresión, si existe, tendrá también connotaciones peyorativas, pero no estoy buscando necesariamente que las tenga, ni que tenga connotaciones raciales como el original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T01:59:19.983" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T05:13:04.250" Title="Traducción al español de &quot;Indian giver&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20879" CreationDate="2017-05-10T16:26:45.303" Score="2" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I put &lt;em&gt;how quickly will you walk?&lt;/em&gt; into Google Translate (maybe not the ideal source but that's my starting point), it gives me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Con qué rapidez vas a caminar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on this and other examples from Google Translate, I see the pattern that in Spanish, a &quot;how&quot; question using an adverb takes the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Con qué [noun form of quality described by adverb] [verb]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intuitively, though, I would think that the template would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo [adverb] [verb]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is more natural?  I found no Google hits for either &lt;em&gt;Con qué rapidez vas a caminar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Cómo rapidamente caminas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16709" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T10:41:57.267" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:06:04.330" Title="What is the general form for &quot;how [adverb] do you [verb]?&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2017-05-10T19:59:42.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;344 317 295 269&lt;/strike&gt; 248 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Psamófilos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Vea los colores—, pidió Wo. Señaló la nube de seres en el fortín cercano. Kress vio uno rayando la pared del tanque: aún le era un bicho. Medía casi su uña. Seis patas, seis ojitos dispersos, temibles quijales batiendo y dos filiformes antenas urdiendo el aire: negruzcas motas en su armazón cobrizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rayar: &quot;Estropear o deteriorar una superficie lisa o pulida con rayas o incisiones.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Batir: &quot;Mover con ímpetu y fuerza algo.&quot; Usado como en la expresión &quot;reírse a mandíbula batiente&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso un estilo literario abreviado para describir al bicho, ahorrando verbos: &lt;em&gt;[Tenía] seis patas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;[Las] patas [eran] de [color] negro tizón&lt;/em&gt;. Aún así, las frases mantienen su sentido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy intentando inventarme algo más colorista para &lt;em&gt;sandkings&lt;/em&gt;, pero de momento la versión obvia me parece muy elegante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Vea&quot; por &quot;mire&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Fortín&quot; por &quot;castillo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fusiono &quot;Kress lo observó&quot; con la siguiente frase. &quot;Kress notó que aún le era un bicho.&quot; Al usar &quot;notó&quot; se implica que lo ha examinado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;parecía&quot; por &quot;le era&quot;, en el sentido de &quot;era para él&quot;. Ejemplos en el CORDE: &lt;em&gt;Gaspar Luiz le era un constante ejemplo.&lt;/em&gt; [=&quot;era para él&quot;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Hexápodo&quot; por &quot;seis patas&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Tejían formas&quot; por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b8thAP5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;urdían&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (transitivo, significando &quot;preparar los hilos en la urdidera para pasarlos al telar&quot;). Se mantiene el símil tejedor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mandíbulas&quot; por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UqQuAB5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quijales&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (&quot;cada una de las dos mandíbulas&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Largas y finas&quot; por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HurkUSP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filiformes&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (&quot;con forma de hilo&quot;). A fin de cuentas, las antenas tienen forma de hilo al ser largas y delgadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reconstruida la última frase. Al usar &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PvetWps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;motear&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (&quot;salpicar de motas una tela, para darle variedad y hermosura&quot;) se entiende que el color predominante es el naranja, y que lo negro son como motas (&quot;manchas pequeñas&quot;). El bicho no es una tela, pero me permito el uso como licencia literaria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encontrada la versión más colorista para los &quot;reyes de la arena&quot; gracias a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20878/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt;. En botánica se denomina &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psam%C3%B3fila&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;psamófilas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; a las plantas que se han adaptado a vivir en la arena. Viene del griego &lt;em&gt;psammos&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;arena&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;‒́filo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;amante de&quot;). Así, se toma el concepto de &quot;rey&quot; como el de &quot;persona, animal o cosa que por su excelencia sobresalen entre los demás de su clase o especie&quot;, y se considera con este nombre que los bichos son los mejores adaptados a la arena (los reyes en la arena).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segunda actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se reescriben las últimas frases para evitar la repetición de todas las partes que motean de negro el cuerpo. Se ahorra así bastante espacio, pero he tenido que renunciar a lo de &quot;hexápodo&quot; (con lo que me gustaba).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Apenas&quot; por &quot;casi&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se entiende que los ojos están en su cuerpo, lo interesante es lo de &quot;all around&quot;, que se traduce por &quot;dispersos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según la Wikipedia en inglés, el color &lt;em&gt;burnt orange&lt;/em&gt; es el hexadecimal &lt;code&gt;#BF5700&lt;/code&gt;, que es &lt;a href=&quot;http://html-color.org/es/BF5700&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;. Yo no sé a vosotros, pero a mí me parece más marrón que naranja, así que he puesto &quot;marronáceo&quot;. Esta palabra no viene en el DLE, pero sí viene el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NLwOnV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-áceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;semejante a&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He tenido que renunciar también a esa primera frase que me gustaba, introduciendo la invitación cambiando &quot;dijo&quot; por &quot;pidió&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;blindaje&quot; por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3arnyx0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;armazón&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que según el DLE es equivalente a &quot;armadura&quot; en su sentido de &quot;esqueleto&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tercera actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por sugerencia de aparente, cambio &quot;marronáceo&quot; por &quot;color teja&quot;, el cual da la misma sensación de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=color%20teja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tono marrón anaranjado&lt;/a&gt; que el &quot;burnt orange&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuarta actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El color cobrizo también tiene un tono naranja tostado marronáceo y además da la sensación de metálico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;sobre el fortín&quot; por &quot;en el fortín&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso de &quot;medir&quot;. Generalmente si no se especifica nada, lo que se mide es el largo entendiéndose como la dimensión predominante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se reescribe la última frase, manteniendo la idea de que las partes del cuerpo son &quot;motas&quot; (&quot;mancha, pinta o dibujo redondeado o muy pequeño&quot;) de negro en su armazón. (Gracias a fedorqui por la idea de los dos puntos.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fusión de frases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T08:14:19.987" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T08:14:19.987" CommentCount="23" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-10T19:59:42.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20839" CreationDate="2017-05-11T01:43:44.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperfect indicative form is used to refer to past actions which occurred repeatedly, or which occurred over an extended period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterit or simple past simply denotes a past action or state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases the two conjugations are both grammatically valid and may not differ greatly in meaning. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo fue una gran mentira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo era una gran mentira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, they are indeed different tenses and they have different meanings. Which one is more appropriate depends on what you are trying to say.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Consider the following sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella corrió 60 metros en 7 segundos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella corría 60 metros en 7 segundos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sounds like an amazing accomplishment by a sprint runner that probably broke a world record for women.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The second sounds like a very far-fetched tale about a person who was able to run at record speed on a regular basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's technically the same with the verb &quot;ser.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;With the preterit there is a sense of finality.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As Gorpik correctly pointed out, &quot;fue&quot; connotes conclusion in a way the imperfect indicative would not have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would add that a closer translation of &quot;todo tiempo pasado fue mejor&quot; would be &quot;any past was better.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16710" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T06:27:04.073" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T06:27:04.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2017-05-11T04:03:27.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Version 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;346&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;273&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;270&lt;/strike&gt; 280&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reyes de Arena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Nota los colores, por favor.&quot; Wo apuntó el primer castel tapizado de bichos. Kress miró uno, cuasi insecto.  Rascaba por salir del tanque. Tamaño de uña, hexápodo, seis ojitos redor del cuerpo.  Mandíbulas crueles cerrando ¡crac!  Esbeltas antenas trazando figuras en el aire. Armadura: óxido; miembros y ojos: hollín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sentence 2: I changed the focal point (primary object) from the creatures to the castle because I don't think it matters; the critters still catch the reader's attention.  (Was able to save a couple of characters by doing so.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bichos&quot; -- to me this means &lt;em&gt;critters&lt;/em&gt;; hopefully this will work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A total squash job!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes for Version 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;if you will&quot; is expressed through &quot;invitó.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Apuntó&quot; will hopefully be understood as &lt;em&gt;pointed out&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I fished in DRAE and found &lt;em&gt;castel&lt;/em&gt; which is supposedly a synonym for &lt;em&gt;castillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I think the &quot;scrabbling at the tank wall&quot; was due to a critter trying to get out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;cuasi insecto&quot; I am hopefully conveying Kress's opinion or judgment about a similarity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Menudo&quot; is intended to convey a miniscule size.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I looked up the colors in Google Images and rust-colored looked the same to me as burnt orange.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes for Version 4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I really don't know why I removed tapizado earlier but I have restored it.  Nice word.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Moved &quot;cuasi insecto&quot; hoping to respond to Diego's comment.  I am rather attached to &quot;cuasi.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Went for a parallel construction (&lt;em&gt;cerrando, trazando&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Experimenting with new way of comparing the colors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I nitpicked the heck out of everybody else -- now please let me know what is not working about this entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T04:24:26.753" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T04:24:26.753" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-11T04:03:27.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20865" CreationDate="2017-05-11T06:04:23.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un dicho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El que da y quita, con el diablo se desquita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como probablemente ya sabes, &quot;Indian giver&quot; tiene origen en las prácticas agrícolas de las poblaciones indígenas en los Estados Unidos: ellos creían que la tierra le pertenecía a la tribu, y era prestada a los miembros de la tribu por un tiempo pero después estos la tenían que desocupar para que alguien más la pudiese utilizar. A los colonizadores, esto no les pareció y lo vieron como una afrenta a sus derechos de propiedad. El término es único tanto en su historia como en la connotación que ha adquirido de hipocresía accidental, ya que el gobierno de los Estados Unidos negociaba con las tribus indígenas la firma de tratados a través de los cuales se creaban las famosas reservas, otorgando a los nativos tierras a cambio de rendición. Pero cuando se encontraban minas de oro o plata en dichas reservas, el gobierno rompía sus propios tratados y en varias ocasiones masacraba a los indígenas si estos se oponían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces no solamente no hay un equivalente en español; no hay equivalente en ningún otro lenguaje. Muchos lenguajes tienen refranes o dichos, pero &quot;Indian giver&quot; nace de la noción singularmente estadounidense de que los derechos de propiedad privada deben prevalecer y triunfar sobre todo lo demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, el término es tan idiosincrático de los EUA, que incluso en el Reino Unido &quot;Indian giver&quot; significa algo completamente diferente: es un empleado en un restaurante Hindú de comida para llevar que regala papas, salsa, o pan naan, sin ninguna implicación de que tales regalos serán revocados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una forma correcta y respetuosa pero poco común de expresar lo que quieres decir es &lt;em&gt;Obsequiante no fidedigno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para &quot;Indian gift&quot; podrías decir &lt;em&gt;regalo temporal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y al acto de &quot;Indian giving&quot; podrías decirle &lt;em&gt;generosidad efímera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por cierto, todos estos son términos que también podrías usar en inglés sin ofender a nadie:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unreliable giver / temporary gift / short-lived generosity.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma más coloquial sería &lt;em&gt;rajón.&lt;/em&gt; Suele utilizarse para un hombre que está de acuerdo en hacer algo y luego cambia de opinión, pero también se puede utilizar para cualquier persona que no es fiable, incluyendo a las personas que &quot;desregalan.&quot; &#xA;El problema es que no es universal. Cada país de habla hispana tiene su propia palabra, pero todos tienden a acercarse al significado de cobardía. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;rajón&lt;/em&gt; puede ser más cercano en significado y en uso a &lt;em&gt;pussy&lt;/em&gt; (cuando se refiere a un hombre), aunque menos ofensivo. Pero si es solo para molestar a un amigo, hermano, o colega, esa es la palabra más natural que se me ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías empezar a decir &quot;desregalador.&quot; Es incorrecto y nadie lo dice, pero todo hispanoparlante nativo entendería lo que quieres decir. ¿Y quien sabe? Tal vez se esparce y al rato todos lo decimos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16710" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T06:04:23.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20878" CreationDate="2017-05-11T06:30:43.387" Score="3" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a hacer que las preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; sirvan para algo más que para jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20863/12637&quot;&gt;actual edición del juego&lt;/a&gt; se pregunta por la traducción de &lt;em&gt;sandkings&lt;/em&gt; (una especie de criatura pequeña). Aparte de su traducción obvia como &quot;reyes de la arena&quot;, estoy buscando un nombre más colorido y para ello quería saber si existe en español algún afijo que signifique &quot;arena&quot; o &quot;hecho de arena&quot;. Lo más cercano que he encontrado es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NRayp6C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lito-, -lito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. λίθος &lt;em&gt;líthos&lt;/em&gt; 'piedra'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elems. compos. Significa 'piedra', 'fósil'. &lt;em&gt;Litografía, litófago. Megalito, osteolito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues algo similar estoy buscando, pero para &quot;arena&quot;. En el DLE no encuentro nada (que no quiere decir que no lo haya), pero estaba pensando tal vez en algún tratado de geología o similar, si existe alguna palabra con un elemento compositivo como el que busco, para usarlo también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posibles opciones son las palabras latinas &lt;em&gt;arena&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sabula&lt;/em&gt;. Desconozco cuál podría ser la palabra adecuada en griego antiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T13:27:41.313" Title="¿Existe algún afijo que signifique &quot;arena&quot; o &quot;hecho de arena&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20875" CreationDate="2017-05-11T10:59:58.393" Score="4" ViewCount="592" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;El Aleph&quot;, Borges states that upon visiting Beatriz parents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No estaría obligado, como otras veces, a justificar mi presencia con&#xA;  módicas ofrendas de libros: libros cuyas páginas, finalmente, aprendí&#xA;  a cortar, para no comprobar, meses después, que estaban intactos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which has been translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would not be forced, as in the past, to justify my presence with&#xA;  modest offerings of books — books whose pages I finally learned to cut&#xA;  beforehand, so as not to find out, months later, that they lay around&#xA;  unopened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I the only one who finds this utterly confusing? Did he open the books months later or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16713" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:21:59.000" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:25:37.893" Title="What does &quot;libros cuyas páginas aprendí a cortar, para no comprobar, meses después, que estaban intactos&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20874" CreationDate="2017-05-11T11:26:50.817" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In those days books had pages which had not been cut from their original format. If he gave someone a book with uncut pages and then, months later, found the pages still uncut he would know they had never read it. To avoid this disappointment he learned to cut the pages before giving them the books. So it is not Borges who did not open them months later but the people to whom he gave them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole process of printing the larger sheets is called imposition in English and &lt;em&gt;imposición&lt;/em&gt; as this &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imposici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikepedia article&lt;/a&gt; shows with a helpful diagram of how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T14:25:37.893" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:25:37.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2017-05-11T11:55:14.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;297&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;274&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;271&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;255&lt;/strike&gt; 235 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sultanes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ve los colores&amp;quot;, señaló Wo la colonia del&#xA;fuerte más a mano. Kress vio un... ¿insecto? rascar la pared del tanque. Seis patas, seis ojitos en un&#xA;cuerpo de una uña. Fieras mandíbulas chascaban. Cual hilos, dos antenas&#xA;tejían el aire. Apéndices, ojos tono tizón;&#xA;regía el ocre dorado de su coraza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He puesto &amp;quot;sultanes&amp;quot; porque, en la novela original, &lt;em&gt;sandkings&lt;/em&gt; no es más que el nombre que le dan al bicho. Puestos a elegir un nombre en español, me parece que &amp;quot;sultanes&amp;quot; es más realista como nombre para unos escarabajos, al tiempo que mantiene las connotaciones del nombre original (ambos te hacen pensar en el desierto y en el poder).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a &lt;em&gt;wicked&lt;/em&gt;, lo he traducido como &amp;quot;fiera&amp;quot; siguiendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wicked&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la segunda acepción del diccionario Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Segunda versión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;dominaba&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;reinaba&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Ganaba&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;vencía&amp;quot; me ahorrarían otra letra maś, pero &amp;quot;reinar&amp;quot; le da más empaque a la frase :P -1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elimino el &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; en &amp;quot;&lt;strike&gt;de&lt;/strike&gt; color tizón&amp;quot;, es relativamente habitual hacerlo en expresiones así: &amp;quot;miró al cielo color azul&amp;quot;. -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pluralizo el primer &amp;quot;mandíbulas&amp;quot;, ya que en los invertebrados las mandíbulas son cada una de las piezas de la boca, y para chascarlas hacen falta como mínimo dos :( Pero cambio el segundo &amp;quot;mandíbulas&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;boca&amp;quot; toda vez que ya sabemos a qué nos referimos :) -3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;los seres que pululaban por el castillo&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;el enjambre del castillo&amp;quot;. En el original dice &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;creatures that &lt;strong&gt;swarmed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, y &lt;em&gt;swarm&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo significa literalmente &amp;quot;enjambre&amp;quot;. -12.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reorganizo las frases del insecto rascando y Kress mirándolo. Me gustaba el orden original, pero aquí se viene a jugar :D -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;cercano&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;más a mano&amp;quot;. Pierdo un carácter, pero gano fidelidad al demostrativo original. +1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fusiono el diálogo de Wo con su acción de señalar. Aplicando el mismo recurso que expresiones del tipo &amp;quot;-Cuidado al entrar-, señaló Gabriel el escalón&amp;quot;. -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tercera versión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Uno rascaba (...) Kress &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; miró» =&amp;gt; &lt;strike&gt;«Kress miró uno &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; rascaba (...)»&lt;/strike&gt;  =&amp;gt; «Kress miró: uno rascaba (...)». Usando «:» para indicar lo que veía Kress, puedo eliminar la subordinación introducida al cambiar el orden, y por tanto el «que». -3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuarta versión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;y dos largas, finas antenas&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;cual hilos, dos antenas&amp;quot;. -3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fusiono la descripción del largo con la descripción del cuerpo, aprovechando además que &amp;quot;cuerpo&amp;quot; también quiere decir &amp;quot;tamaño&amp;quot;. -6.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Añado puntos suspensivos en medio de &amp;quot;un... ¿insecto?&amp;quot; para transmitir mejor (espero) el concepto de &amp;quot;a Kress le seguía pareciendo un insecto y, aunque no lo fuera, tampoco tenía un nombre mejor&amp;quot;. +0.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;castillo&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;fuerte&amp;quot;. -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;el naranja fuego&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;el arcilla&amp;quot;. Como color es muy parecido al naranja tostado (más que el naranja fuego, seguro); y puedo hacer elipsis de &amp;quot;color&amp;quot; sin problema al estar claro que &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; (masculino) no se refiere a &amp;quot;arcilla&amp;quot; (femenino). -5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aún se puede reducir más si quito de en medio la &amp;quot;visibilidad&amp;quot; del chasquido, o si cambio las partes por el todo en la enumeración final. Aunque ya se ha hecho algo similar en otras traducciones, son cambios que veo algo drásticos y que me reservo para caso de necesidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quinta versión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Enjambre» por «colonia». -1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«miró: un insecto rascaba» por «vio un insecto rascar». -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«cuerpo menor que su uña» por «cuerpo de una uña». No solo es más corto en letras, sino más fiel al tamaño de la descripción original. -5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Veía sus fieras mandíbulas chascar» por «Fieras mandíbulas chascaban». Obviamente lo veía, si no no lo estaría describiendo. -5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Antenas, boca, ojos, patas» por «Apéndices, ojos». -7.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«color» por «tono». -1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«arcilla» por «ocre dorado». +3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«reinaba» por «regía». -2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota: sobre los colores&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta y otras entradas se ha estado debatiendo sobre la tonalidad de los bichos, y se han planteado varios colores con distintos grados de aceptación según quien leyese. La clave aquí, creo, es que no todos pensamos en el mismo color cuando leemos una palabra.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo, lo que para mí es &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-18-1340TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;color arcilla&lt;/a&gt;, puede no tener nada que ver con lo que para otra persona es &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-15-1231TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;color arcilla&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si os parece, como referencia podemos usar la guía PANTONE, que es el estándar usado en diseño e industria. Los colores que he visto como mas próximos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-16-1448TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Burnt Orange / naranja tostado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-18-1248TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rust / óxido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-18-1340TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clay / arcilla / y entiendo que &amp;quot;teja&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-16-1325TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Copper / cobrizo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-16-1346TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Golden Ochre / ocre dorado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-17-1436TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Raw Sienna / siena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/PQ-16-1253TCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orange Ochre / naranja ocre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte podéis usarlos en vuestras entradas, da igual quién los haya buscado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T07:49:04.870" CommentCount="16" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-11T11:55:14.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18992" CreationDate="2017-05-11T12:12:46.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to add a caveat to this, if I may. Although @mdewey's answer is widely accepted, the precise etymology is uncertain, although it almost surely comes from Nahuatl. There is little historical evidence of the &quot;many trees&quot; theory (the Wikipedia's article source is &lt;a href=&quot;https://rainforestcentralamerica.wordpress.com/2013/04/04/guatemala-rainforest-fact/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a blog on the &quot;rainforest facts&quot;&lt;/a&gt;). I don't think there is any historical evidence, to be honest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative theory, supported by ethnohistorical accounts, is that the name is derived from the Nahuatl word for &quot;eagle&quot; &lt;code&gt;cuahuitl&lt;/code&gt; (as oposed to &lt;code&gt;cuāuhtli&lt;/code&gt;, &quot;tree&quot;). This referred to the &quot;eagle warriors&quot;, the elite military unit at the city of Iximche. Iximche was the capital of the Kaqchikel people and effectively served as the first Spanish capital of the country. Below you can see the city represented via its &quot;eagle warrior&quot;. (This comes from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lienzo_de_Quauhquechollan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lienzo de Quauhquechollan&lt;/a&gt;.) I believe this theory is generally more popular amongst archaeologists and has, all in all, more evidence to support it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ncdx2.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ncdx2.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can also add a thing or two about the word, being a Guatemalan myself. The first is that we consider it (unsurprisingly) a very rude expression. The second is that the same decomposition of the word &lt;code&gt;Guate-something&lt;/code&gt; has been widely used. &lt;code&gt;Guatebuena&lt;/code&gt; is common, and slightly cheesy. &lt;code&gt;Guate-morfosis&lt;/code&gt; was a recent, Pepsi-financed, campaign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16713" LastEditorUserId="16713" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T12:19:33.353" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T12:19:33.353" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20873" CreationDate="2017-05-11T12:53:00.180" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Psamo-&lt;/strong&gt; como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psam%C3%B3fila&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;psamófilo&lt;/a&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;psammos&lt;/em&gt;, arena, y &lt;em&gt;filos&lt;/em&gt;, amante, procedentes del griego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11216" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T13:27:41.313" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T13:27:41.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20866" CreationDate="2017-05-11T14:06:04.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you probably already reckoned from the comments, there are many alternative ways to express the English meaning of &quot;how adverb do you verb&quot;. Which is more &quot;natural&quot; will depend on the local dialect and the register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the formal register the &quot;correct&quot; form employs the question word &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;, with an adverb following. There are a number of adjectives that, while having a regular adverbial derivation in &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;, are often used adverbially in their singular masculine adjectival form. These include &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;despacio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lento&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt;, etc. So for your example it would be either of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuán rápido vas a caminar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Cuán rápidamente vas a caminar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other less formal ways employ the phrases &lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo de rápido vas a caminar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tan rápido vas a caminar?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the adjective is not one of those that can be used adverbially, you will always have to add &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;. The rest will be the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may in some cases use a phrase like &lt;em&gt;con qué [noun]&lt;/em&gt; as you proposed (&lt;em&gt;¿con qué rapidez...?&lt;/em&gt; etc.) but this sounds distinctively forced in most contexts that I can imagine. It may be the appropriate form in technical speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Con qué velocidad partió el proyectil?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, your idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo [adverb] [verb]?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;ungrammatical&lt;/strong&gt; and you shouldn't use it. It's a straight calque from English &lt;em&gt;how [adverb]&lt;/em&gt; but Spanish doesn't work like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T14:06:04.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20881" CreationDate="2017-05-12T07:23:25.740" Score="3" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading news articles in Spanish to try and polish my skills, but I've hit a bump.  Below is a paragraph from an article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La operación es parte de un esfuerzo más amplio llamado Escudo Comunitario en el que participan fuerzas policiales anti-pandillas locales, estatales, federales e internacionales, iniciado en 2005, que busca identificar, arrestar, enjuiciar, encarcelar y deportar a los pandilleros y sus asociados con el fin de proteger a las comunidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of where I'm confused is &quot;&lt;em&gt;ïniciado en 2005&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  Shouldn't this be written as &quot;&lt;em&gt;ha/había iniciado en 2005&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to indicate either present perfect or pluperfect tense?  What am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14196" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T10:21:29.837" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T10:21:29.837" Title="Why do we say &quot;La operación... iniciado&quot; instead of &quot;ha/había iniciado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20880" CreationDate="2017-05-12T07:46:11.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;iniciado&lt;/em&gt; works as an adjective, not too different from what you could write in English. Maybe your problem here is that the adjective is so far away from its noun (&lt;em&gt;esfuerzo&lt;/em&gt;). Let's remove a bit of the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La operación es parte de un esfuerzo [...] iniciado en 2005 [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easier to follow now, isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T07:46:11.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20883" CreationDate="2017-05-12T12:11:14.027" Score="3" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;agregar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;añadir&lt;/em&gt; (or something else) more correct when describing computer programming actions, for example when adding a string to an array?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;arr.append(&quot;hola&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agregar la cadena a la matriz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Añadir la cadena a la matriz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about when describing adding a new function to a class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agregue la nueva función a la clase Foo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final situation: &quot;&lt;code&gt;self&lt;/code&gt; must be added as the first parameter&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;self&lt;/code&gt; debe añadirse como el primer parámetro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16723" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T12:59:51.633" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T12:59:51.633" Title="For programming, is &quot;add&quot; translated using &quot;agregar&quot; or &quot;añadir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20882" CreationDate="2017-05-12T12:36:04.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a developer myself, I tend to use &lt;code&gt;añadir&lt;/code&gt; more frequently than &lt;code&gt;agregar&lt;/code&gt;, mostly because the latter is related to &quot;aggregation&quot; which is also a programming concept and in some contexts might need some disambiguation; although both are generally valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more specific, you can use &lt;code&gt;concatenar&lt;/code&gt; instead when talking about appending to a string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only exception would be when talking about arithmetic addition, where one should almost always use &lt;code&gt;sumar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T12:36:04.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2017-05-12T23:20:51.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se les decía lecheras debido a que eran los seat 131 rancheras e iban pintados de blanco totalmente, excepto las letras negras POLICIA. Y a los policías se les conocían como maderos, porque iban todo de color marrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16731" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T23:20:51.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20887" CreationDate="2017-05-12T23:59:58.683" Score="2" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay alguna regla de gramática/uso para «que si» y «que acaso» cuando empiezan una frase?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came across a test question similar to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;—Usted tendrá mucho dinero que contar, ¿no es así?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;—¿Que si/acaso tengo dinero?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;—¿Que si tengo dinero?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco me encontré con una pregunta de examen similar a la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;—Usted tendrá mucho dinero que contar, ¿no es así?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;—¿Que si/acaso tengo dinero?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta correcta era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;—¿Que si tengo dinero?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-13T03:54:40.740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T04:03:30.493" Title="Is there any rule of grammar/usage for &quot;que si&quot; and &quot;que acaso&quot; when they start a question?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20886" CreationDate="2017-05-13T01:41:53.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondo en español; si algo no se entiende lo puedo traducir al inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lógica detrás de &lt;em&gt;¿Que si...?&lt;/em&gt; es la misma que la de otras frases interrogativas que repiten lo que el interlocutor acaba de decir. Esta repetición o eco se utiliza para expresar sorpresa o para contestar afirmativamente con un tono irónico, enfático o condescendiente. Lo que se repite es una frase o proposición como una unidad, y para esto se utiliza &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; porque &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; indica una proposición subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que la afirmación original fuera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Usted tiene dinero de sobra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la respuesta-eco sería (con tono de sorpresa o indignación):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Que tengo dinero de sobra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es básicamente equivalente a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿&lt;strong&gt;Estás diciendo&lt;/strong&gt; que tengo dinero de sobra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿&lt;strong&gt;En serio afirmas&lt;/strong&gt; que tengo dinero de sobra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;¿Que si...?&lt;/em&gt;, lo que ocurre es que la afirmación original termina con una pregunta de sí/no (&lt;em&gt;¿no es así?&lt;/em&gt;). La forma de referirse en el discurso indirecto a una pregunta de sí/no es precediéndola con &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (al igual que en inglés se precede con &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; o mejor con &lt;em&gt;whether&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que la afirmación terminase con una pregunta retórica de sí/no. Las alternativas son variadas pero en general sería así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—A usted le sobra el dinero, ¿no?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—A usted le sobra el dinero, ¿no es así?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—A usted le sobra el dinero, ¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se puede responder de cualquiera de estas tres maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Que me sobra el dinero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿Que si me sobra el dinero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿Si me sobra el dinero?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que el &lt;em&gt;¿que si...?&lt;/em&gt; no tiene nada de especial. No es una estructura gramatical particular. Es sólo una manera de hacerse eco de una proposición que incluye una pregunta de sí/no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, &lt;em&gt;¿que acaso...?&lt;/em&gt; no me suena correcto para nada (para comenzar una respuesta-eco como éstas de las que estamos hablando). &lt;em&gt;Acaso&lt;/em&gt; no cumple la misma función que &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;, aunque a veces aparezcan asociados (se pueden usar juntos para enfatizar lo hipotético de una condición: &lt;em&gt;si acaso...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T01:41:53.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-13T02:57:26.483" Score="1" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;This evening, I stopped into a local magazine shop and picked up the most recent issue available of a magazine that appears to be targeting those concerned with the latest female fashion trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the taglines on the cover reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estrena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que triunfará esta primavera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions involves the use of &lt;em&gt;estrena&lt;/em&gt;. Of course, it is a tense of the verb &lt;em&gt;estrenar&lt;/em&gt;, but it seems that the editors are using it as a way of saying something like &lt;em&gt;Preview - What will triumph this Spring&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?  It just seems like it is the wrong person.  To me, if they use &lt;em&gt;estrenar&lt;/em&gt; in this context, why don't they use something like &lt;em&gt;estrenamos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T20:50:03.773" Title="Usage of Estrena" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20888" CreationDate="2017-05-13T03:52:39.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tagline means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wear something new&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because, as @guifa said in a comment, &lt;em&gt;estrenar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to premiere&lt;/em&gt;.  In the context of clothes, it means to wear something for the first time.  Men can do it too.  Suppose my son has been given a tie for his birthday, and is playing a concert the next day.  I might ask him, as he's preparing his concert clothes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quieres estrenar la nueva corbata?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if person A, wearing a new outfit, runs into a close friend, person B, who knows A well enough to notice that the outfit is new, then B might say, in an admiring voice,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estás estrenando?  ¡Guapo/a!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you wearing something new?  Lovely!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, the magazine is encouraging its readers to go out and buy new clothes.  The two taglines together are then, loosely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wear something new&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's hot for spring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are two totally separate sentences (taglines).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I like that word, &lt;em&gt;tagline&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what the relevant part of the cover looked like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t5iOt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t5iOt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Vanidades cover image&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T20:50:03.773" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20886" CreationDate="2017-05-13T04:03:30.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great answer by Pablo.  I want to add something that will not fit well in a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you are conversing with someone but he is not expressing himself very clearly.  He asks you a question and you guess at what he's getting at.  You might say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whether I have health insurance?  Is that what you're asking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's &quot;Que si.&quot;  Which is short for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Ud. me está preguntando &lt;em&gt;que si&lt;/em&gt; tengo seguro de salud?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One can certainly begin a question with &quot;acaso&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso no me crees?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perhaps [or Maybe] you don't believe me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit of a challenge.  A bit aggressive/in your face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(That's not the only thing one can do with &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;, but it's the only thing I can think of for the beginning of a question.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no reason to put &quot;que&quot; in front of &quot;acaso.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T04:03:30.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20892" CreationDate="2017-05-13T11:50:33.050" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the right word(s) to use regarding &quot;Subject&quot; to work on or discuss such as in &quot;Subjects to study at the engineering course at the university&quot; or &quot;Today's subject to work on is Oyster&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learnt I could use &quot;material&quot; but not &quot;asunto&quot;. I would like to know if there are other words I can use or should use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks &quot;sujeto&quot; in Spanish is about an individual/person or a grammatical instance (who/what) which takes verbs (S + V), and not about &quot;subject&quot; to talk about or work on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-13T21:50:03.213" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T12:51:38.587" Title="&quot;Subject&quot; in Spanish as in &quot;Subjects to study in the mechanical engineering (university)&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20891" CreationDate="2017-05-13T13:55:02.923" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Material&lt;/em&gt; (or in this case &lt;em&gt;materiales&lt;/em&gt;) would sound as if you were talking about, well, material things. &lt;em&gt;Asunto&lt;/em&gt; is a very general word; it's commonly used to translate the &quot;Subject:&quot; line of e-mails, but that's it. &lt;em&gt;Sujeto&lt;/em&gt; is as you looked up, either a grammatical category or a person, though it can also refer to the subject of an experiment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say the word you're looking for is &lt;em&gt;tema&lt;/em&gt; (for more general topics of study) or &lt;em&gt;asignatura&lt;/em&gt; (for specific courses). We call such things as Mathematics, Spanish Language, etc. in elementary schools &lt;em&gt;asignaturas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;materias&lt;/em&gt; (but the latter is more colloquial and possibly dialectal). &lt;em&gt;Asignatura&lt;/em&gt; is also employed in higher education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Éstas son todas las asignaturas de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Si repruebas cualquier otra asignatura no podrás pasar de año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Esta asignatura requiere asistencia mínima a clases del 70%.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T13:55:02.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20895" CreationDate="2017-05-13T16:09:00.020" Score="4" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently read a really great quote about hell and was wondering the best way to translate it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On your last day on earth, the person you became will meet the person&#xA;  you could have become&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm really asking about the &lt;code&gt;pudiste/podría haber sido&lt;/code&gt; but after writing it out in Spanish I have no doubt the entire phrase could be improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En tu último día en tierra, la persona quien eres le conocerá a la persona quien pudiste haber sido. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En tu último día en tierra, la persona quien eres le conocerá a la persona quien podría haber sido. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="701" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-14T04:06:02.910" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T04:06:02.910" Title="How can you translate into Spanish a text about Hell and &quot;who you could have become&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20893" CreationDate="2017-05-13T19:21:42.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from a couple of minor corrections that have nothing to do with the tense to use, I had to read both sentences several times to discover the difference between them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En tu último día en la tierra, la persona que eres conocerá a la persona que pudiste/podrías haber sido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;pudiste&lt;/em&gt; version: in this case it seems that the person &lt;strong&gt;actually&lt;/strong&gt; had the chance to become a different version of him/herself, and the person who is writing the quote knows that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;podrías&lt;/em&gt; version: in this case the person writing the quote does not know the life of the other person and thus does not know if he/she had any actual chance of becoming someone else. So the writer is only supposing that the other person may had the chance at some time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least that is what I understand in both cases. As for the minor corrections:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd say &lt;em&gt;la persona que eres&lt;/em&gt;, no need to use &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, no need to add a &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;conocerá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T19:21:42.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20897" CreationDate="2017-05-14T13:26:21.080" Score="1" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo un libro me di cuenta de que hay combinaciones &lt;em&gt;&quot;para que + un verbo en presente de subjuntivo / pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (y muy muy pocos casos con &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca he encontrado oraciones finales con &lt;em&gt;&quot;para que + pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Acaso no se usa? ¿Es porqué la acción de la subordinada es considerada como deseada y en consecuencia como hipotética (e incompatible con un tiempo pasado) o hay alguna otra explicación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T03:06:24.597" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T09:30:49.477" Title="&quot;Para que&quot; + pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20896" CreationDate="2017-05-14T14:36:29.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo puede muy bien expresar una acción hipotética en el pasado, que viene a ser lo mismo que una hipótesis &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrafactual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contrafáctica&lt;/a&gt;, y es lo que se hace en combinación con &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Si hubieses hecho esto, no habría ocurrido esto otro&quot;). De manera que no es ésa la razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;para que&lt;/em&gt; + subjuntivo expresa un objetivo hipotético. Si el objetivo debía cumplirse en el pasado como efecto de una acción, la acción debe haber sido anterior. La semántica y la sintaxis entonces no permitirían el uso de un tiempo pluscuamperfecto en la cláusula que expresa el efecto, porque el pluscuamperfecto sirve precisamente para expresar anterioridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que queremos forzar el uso del pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo en frases como éstas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te di el dinero para que hicieses algo útil con él. Antes de eso te había ofrecido mi ayuda para que no estuvieses solo en esto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No importa cómo, es imposible transformar gramaticalmente las proposiciones en subjuntivo en pluscuamperfectas. Si yo dijese &lt;em&gt;para que hubieses hecho algo útil con él&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;para que no hubieses estado solo&lt;/em&gt;, sugeriría objetivos anteriores a la acción destinada a producirlo. Me imagino que esto sólo tendría utilidad en un relato de ciencia ficción o fantasía sobre viajes en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T14:36:29.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-14T17:31:11.533" Score="3" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen &lt;code&gt;Se vende solo por renovación&lt;/code&gt;  on lots of sites similar to ebay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this mean? Does it mean the product needs to be repaired?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is Chilean spanish, if that matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16742" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T02:52:56.060" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T15:01:55.710" Title="What does 'Se vende solo por renovación' mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20901" CreationDate="2017-05-14T17:39:38.530" Score="2" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está muy bien preparada, ha leído &lt;strong&gt;cuanto caso policial&lt;/strong&gt; y manual de&#xA;  medicina forense &lt;strong&gt;existe&lt;/strong&gt;, y dice que Mike O'ʹKelly y ella podrían&#xA;  realizar una autopsia sobre la mesa de la cocina con la mayor&#xA;  facilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;existe&quot; parece fuera de lugar y el número singular de &lt;em&gt;cuanto caso&lt;/em&gt; también me lanza para un lazo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-14T21:14:05.903" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T21:14:05.903" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;ha leído cuanto caso policial y manual de medicina forense existe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20900" CreationDate="2017-05-14T19:13:27.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso la palabra &lt;em&gt;cuanto&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BSKWl78&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;segunda acepción del DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. adj. relat. Ante nombres contables en singular empleados como no contables, denota ponderación o pluralidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que pone es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compra cuanta silla antigua encuentra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que vendría a significar lo mismo que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compra todas las sillas antiguas que encuentra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la frase que comentas significa que ha leído todos los casos policiales que existen (es decir, aquellos para los cuales existe documentación escrita). Y lo mismo para los manuales forenses, ha leído todos los que ha encontrado (los que existen para ella).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-05-14T20:56:50.637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T20:56:50.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T00:32:51.080" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seem to not be able to work though the meaning of &lt;em&gt;del mismo al ser&lt;/em&gt;.  I'm seeing this in the context of a description of two people's roles in developing a popular videogame.  Despite the contributions of one person, the other is still considered the &lt;em&gt;father&lt;/em&gt; of the project and the owner of the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;del mismo al ser&lt;/em&gt; a typical way of saying something?  While I may be getting the underlying idea that is being expressed, I'm frustrated that I can't reconcile it with something in English.  Any clarification will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Here is the contextual sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El diseñador Toru Iwatani fue el desarrollador del juego con un concepto muy sencillo que alcanzaba 256 niveles, pero Nakamura es considerado el padre &lt;strong&gt;del mismo al ser&lt;/strong&gt; el dueño de la compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose seeing the al ser is throwing me off the most. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T20:12:21.487" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T01:26:55.747" Title="Usage of &quot;del mismo al ser&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20904" CreationDate="2017-05-15T02:49:29.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: please give some more context. This answer could be rendered completely useless after you do, but it is also quite difficult to try to explain something with that little understanding of what is giving you trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=POzAgFS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mismo&lt;/a&gt; is an adejetive that means &quot;the same as&quot;, but can be used as a pronoun would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego es el creador de la empresa y presidente de la &lt;em&gt;misma&lt;/em&gt; (empresa) &lt;sub&gt; Diego is the founder of the company and CEO of &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That construction &quot;al ser&quot; is just explaining something. It is an equivalent of for example &quot;ya que es&quot; or &quot;dado que&quot;. Best way I can think to translate it in English would be &quot;Since he/she/it is ...&quot;, meaning &quot;given the fact that ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I believe (based on what currently your question explains) that you might have encountered some text like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alice y Bob han trabajado juntos desarrollando el videojuego XYZ. Alice ha sido una gran contribuidora, pero Bob es considerado el padre &lt;strong&gt;del mismo al ser&lt;/strong&gt; el dueño de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there &quot;mismo&quot; refers to the project or videogame. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alice ha sido una gran contribuidora [al proyecto del videojuego], pero Bob es considerado el padre &lt;strong&gt;del mismo [del proyecto del videojuego] al ser&lt;/strong&gt; [Bob] el dueño de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alice and Bob worked together developing the videogame XYZ. Alice has been a great contributor, but Bob is considered the father of the project &lt;strong&gt;since he [Bob] is&lt;/strong&gt; the owner of the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps. Probably my example is nothing like you really encountered, but it might help you to understand the usage of the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T14:31:58.963" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T14:31:58.963" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10181" CreationDate="2017-05-15T03:02:13.153" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Mae' has NOTHING to do with English, it is technically a two-syllable word (both a and e are strong vowels in Spanish), and it used to be '&lt;em&gt;maje&lt;/em&gt;' which was then shorted to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ma'e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which was the most common spelling even a decade ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it comes from the verb &lt;em&gt;'majar'&lt;/em&gt;, and many Ticos (Costa Ricans) especially of older generations consider it improper to use this word in polite society. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The national debate over this word even finds its way into the editorial pages of the national newspaper &lt;em&gt;La Nación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have said, the word is constantly heard among the youth along with &lt;em&gt;huevón&lt;/em&gt; and a few others. A feminine form, rarely heard, is &lt;em&gt;majita&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a little rude to call a female 'mae' but it happens. It's just like calling a girl 'dude' in English. Either way, 'mae' is here to stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, although a fair number of Ticos around San José and in tourist areas speak passable English, they are very proud of their Spanish heritage and language and apart from a few specific words like 'email' they don't speak much Spanglish at all there, but try to sound educated in whichever language they are speaking, which is almost always Spanish unless talking to a Gringo or practicing for English class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16750" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T16:50:27.880" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T16:50:27.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20920" CreationDate="2017-05-15T06:53:49.793" Score="1" ViewCount="2444" Body="&lt;p&gt;When is the preterite progressive tense used as opposed to the imperfect progressive? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estuve comiendo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba comiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't the preterite progressive a bit of an oxymoron? The preterite shows a completed action, but progressive tenses imply that the action is still ongoing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16753" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T01:18:33.807" Title="Use of preterite progressive vs imperfect progressive" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20909" CreationDate="2017-05-15T08:47:19.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;progressive tenses imply that the action is* still ongoing&lt;/code&gt;... *or &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt; still ongoing at the moment, in the context of whatever you're talking about.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So you'd say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ayer estuve comiendo en un sitio muy bueno&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (the action is finished, nothing more to say about it) or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ayer estaba comiendo cuando apareció Pedro&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (the action of you eating was still ongoing when Pedro appeared).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T11:08:41.223" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T11:08:41.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20896" CreationDate="2017-05-15T09:30:49.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí que se puede usar el pluscuamperfecto. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan llegó tarde. Habría hecho falta un milagro para que hubiese llegado a tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Google Books hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22para%20que%20hubiese%22#tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22para%20que%20hubiera%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunos ejemplos más&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, como puedes observar, es una construcción algo enrevesada, y la verdad es que es mucho más común usar el imperfecto (&lt;code&gt;para que llegase a tiempo&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T09:30:49.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19409" CreationDate="2017-05-15T10:05:17.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los niños pequeños son envidiosos por naturaleza. Y los niños pequeños tienen pelusa. Al decir de un niño (de manera despectiva, importante el matiz) que &quot;tiene pelusa&quot;, se le esta llamando &quot;inmaduro&quot;: se da a entender que no tiene aún la madurez suficiente como para, entre otras cosas, controlar esa envidia natural (ni como para haber perdido la pelusa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es como cuando se usa &quot;imberbe&quot; despectivamente para hablar de la (in)madurez de un adolescente, tenga o no tenga barba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T10:05:17.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20915" CreationDate="2017-05-15T10:27:32.150" Score="4" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de decirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bases de datos médicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bases de datos médicos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bases médicas de datos.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refiriéndome a las bases de datos que tienen almacenados en sus ordenadores los servicios de salud pública y hospitales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;médicas está en femenino porque se referiría a las bases, o al par &lt;em&gt;bases de datos&lt;/em&gt; que también es femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;médicos&lt;/em&gt; en masculino porque se refiere a los datos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sería como &lt;em&gt;1.&lt;/em&gt; pero poniendo el adjetivo en un lugar que queda más claro, pero me suena raro y si lo googleas sólo obtienes cuatro resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T10:56:08.260" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T22:57:09.203" Title="¿Cuál es correcta, &quot;bases de datos médicas&quot;, &quot;bases de datos médicos&quot; o &quot;bases médicas de datos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20939" CreationDate="2017-05-15T11:11:26.620" Score="3" ViewCount="748" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Spanish and I am confused by the translation of &quot;Contact us&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;Contacta con nosotras&quot; and &quot;Contacte con nosotros&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And If I use Google Translate, it is &quot;Contáctenos&quot;. Can someone please explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update from comment&lt;/strong&gt;: I'm writing a title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10899" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T01:55:09.053" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T04:04:16.643" Title="Translation of &quot;Contact us&quot; - what is the difference between &quot;Contacta con nosotras&quot; and &quot;Contacte con nosotros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20913" CreationDate="2017-05-15T11:23:23.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a cambiar el adjetivo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que quieres hablar de las bases de datos que tiene la Administración a disposición del público en general. ¿Dirías &quot;bases de datos públicos&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bases de datos públicas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? Yo particularmente escogería la segunda, ya que de lo que estamos hablando es de las bases de datos y de su accesibilidad, no del tipo de dato en sí. Con seguridad, la Administración tiene cientos de bases de datos privadas que almacenan datos públicos; pero no nos referimos a ellas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera, los servicios de salud tienen bases de datos médicos, pero también bases de datos no médicos (turnos, facturas a los seguros, registros de las revisiones de los ascensores, lo que sea); si entendemos &quot;médica&quot; como &quot;relativo a los servicios de salud&quot;, entonces todas son bases de datos médicas, aunque solo las primeras son bases de datos médicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con eso en mente y dependiendo de si te refieres a las bases de datos médicos exclusivamente, o a todas las bases de datos usadas por los servicios de salud, aplicaría el femenino o el masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T11:54:38.227" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T11:54:38.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20914" CreationDate="2017-05-15T12:11:06.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go for a mere &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contacto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little check on the main page of different important sites sees that &lt;em&gt;contacto&lt;/em&gt; is the title for the link from the main page to this specific section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/contact&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; → then, the title of the contact page is &lt;em&gt;contacta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/estaticos/contacte/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El País&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;em&gt;contacta con nosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/contacto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eldiario&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;em&gt;contacto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contáctenos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;contacta con nosotros&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;contacta con nosotras&lt;/em&gt; are all equivalent. &lt;em&gt;Contáctenos&lt;/em&gt; uses the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clitic&lt;/a&gt; personal pronoun &lt;em&gt;-nos&lt;/em&gt; to point to nosotros/nosotras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nosotras&lt;/em&gt; is the people that this addresses to. Traditionally, the masculine is seen as the standard way to address to everybody in Spanish. However, lately it is more and more common to use both genders and make it explicit &quot;gracias a todos y todas&quot; and even some people go for the feminine alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your company is just formed by women, use &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; or just get rid of the complication by using &lt;em&gt;contáctanos&lt;/em&gt; alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also applies to speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the difference between &lt;em&gt;contact&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;em&gt;contact&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;), see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20936/1674&quot;&gt;hlecuanda's thorough answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T11:05:48.627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T11:05:48.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20913" CreationDate="2017-05-15T15:40:23.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Refiriéndome a las bases de datos que tienen almacenados en sus&#xA;  ordenadores los servicios de salud pública y hospitales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta correcta es la primera: &lt;strong&gt;bases de datos médicas&lt;/strong&gt;. La palabra compuesta &lt;em&gt;base de datos&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;femenino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Es cierto que la palabra &lt;em&gt;datos&lt;/em&gt; es un sustantivo masculino, pero la pregunta aclara que hablamos de un &lt;strong&gt;tipo&lt;/strong&gt; de bases de datos en particular a saber: aquellas que manejan y administran los servicios de salud públicos y hospitales. Aunque contiene &lt;em&gt;datos médic&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la base de datos es médica, del mismo modo en el que, por ejemplo, una base de datos &lt;strong&gt;científica&lt;/strong&gt; contiene &lt;em&gt;datos científic&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, pero el tipo o clasificación de la base de datos es &lt;em&gt;científi&lt;strong&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a los pocos resultados que puede tener la búsqueda &lt;em&gt;bases de datos médicas&lt;/em&gt; en Google puede deberse a que es habitual llamar a ese tipo de bases de datos con otros nombres, por ejemplo: bases de datos de ciencias de la salud, bases de datos de hospitales, bases de datos de salud pública o incluso simplemente historias clínicas. Si el tipo de información que tiene esa base de datos no es lo que interesa sino el dueño de esa información (servicios de salud pública y hospitales) simplemente se les denomina bases de datos de centros médicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1226" LastEditorUserId="1226" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T22:57:09.203" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T22:57:09.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20344" CreationDate="2017-05-15T20:55:17.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El cambio fonético en cuestión tuvo en realidad dos partes: primero fue un paso de &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;-it-&lt;/em&gt; (quizá vía algún otro paso intermedio) y luego de &lt;em&gt;-it-&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt; por palatalización de la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; (y con cambio de &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; precedente por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;). Se puede observar cómo en el portugués este mismo cambio se quedó a medio camino (&lt;em&gt;noite&lt;/em&gt; &quot;noche&quot;, &lt;em&gt;leite&lt;/em&gt; &quot;leche&quot;, &lt;em&gt;oito&lt;/em&gt; &quot;ocho&quot;, &lt;em&gt;peito&lt;/em&gt; &quot;pecho&quot;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este cambio fonético no afectó a todas las palabras por igual sino que, como ocurre habitualmente, las que eran más formales o específicas a algún registro fueron pasadas por alto. Además hubo palabras que fueron adoptadas del latín después de haberse producido el cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;decir&quot; es sumamente común, pero &quot;bendecir&quot; ya no lo es tanto y su participio menos todavía. Si la palabra &lt;em&gt;bendecir&lt;/em&gt; hubiese sido acuñada a partir de &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; en su forma moderna, seguramente diríamos &lt;em&gt;bendicho&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;biendicho&lt;/em&gt;), pero dado que ya existía en latín, imagino que simplemente persistió con cambios menores. La simplificación de &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;-t-&lt;/em&gt; no es un cambio regular pero está en la misma línea que la de otros grupos consonánticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería interesante saber cómo la gente pronunciaba realmente &lt;em&gt;maldicto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bendicto&lt;/em&gt;, según aparecen en escritos españoles antiguos, ya que la ortografía es siempre más conservadora que la lengua hablada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T20:55:17.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20922" CreationDate="2017-05-16T01:06:54.257" Score="3" ViewCount="2291" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, one can connect two sentences with a colon.  There can be a capital letter after the colon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I'm understanding the rules correctly, that capital letter after the colon is not possible.  Did I understand correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Flor is happy: She made her deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it have to look like this in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Flor está contenta: logró entregar el proyecto a tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or can I use a capital L in &lt;em&gt;logró&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-14T20:00:37.823" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T20:00:37.823" Title="Capitalization after a colon" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20909" CreationDate="2017-05-16T01:18:33.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is actually rather difficult to construct a context for &quot;estuve comiendo&quot; that makes sense.  I was having trouble coming up with something, so I googled it with quotes.  Here are a couple I came across.  They work, but they sure aren't commonly found!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=c-9WAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA369&amp;amp;lpg=PA369&amp;amp;dq=%22estuve%20comiendo%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=N5SKq1DNne&amp;amp;sig=mqpFCopz82ShwPsjWvWKTBtkU-A&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj7g46RnfPTAhXDy1QKHca_CnQQ6AEIowEwGQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Example 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquel éxtasis duró todo el tiempo que yo estuve comiendo. &lt;em&gt;(That ecstasy lasted the entire time I was eating.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I guess there was something special about that particular meal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://m.vitonica.com/respuestas/sirve-hacer-ejercicio-si-estas-comiendo-comida-chatarra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Example 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últimamente anduve estresada y a las corridas y estuve comiendo muy mal, mucha comida chatarra y azúcar. &lt;em&gt;(Lately I was stressed and always rushing, and I was eating badly, with a lot of fast food and sugar.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, we see that there was a period in which eating occurred, but that period had a clear ending, i.e. it is not going on any longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T01:18:33.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20904" CreationDate="2017-05-16T01:26:55.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nakamura es considerado el padre del mismo al ser el dueño de la compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del mismo&lt;/em&gt; refers back to whatever was being talked about earlier in the paragraph, in this case, the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al ser&lt;/em&gt; might be easier to understand if we replace it with &lt;em&gt;por ser&lt;/em&gt;, and put an optional comma in front:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nakamura es considerado el padre del juego, por ser el dueño de la compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically, &quot;al ser&quot; means &quot;upon being,&quot; and &quot;por ser&quot; means &quot;by being,&quot; or &quot;because of &quot;being.&quot;  A more natural way of expressing the sentence in English would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nakamura, in his role as the owner of the company, is considered the father of the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T01:26:55.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20919" CreationDate="2017-05-16T01:45:49.960" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to RAE capitals should follow the colon &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;only in certain cases&lt;/a&gt; (see section 3.3)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the salutation when writing a letter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In certain documents, after the verb that &amp;quot;explains&amp;quot; the nature of the document (for example, a certification).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When reproducing a textual quote.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2a3yRXFBiD6rvDOMtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this section about capitals&lt;/a&gt; for more about when to use them. As you can see only sections 1.3, 1.4 and 1.6 are related to capitals after colon (the above examples).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have a cause-effect, or two sentences related without any other connector (see section 1.8) or an exemplification (see 1.5) you don't use capitals. To use their same examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya lo dijo Ortega y Gasset: «La claridad es la cortesía del filósofo».&lt;/em&gt; (This is a quote.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se ha quedado sin trabajo: no podrá ir de vacaciones este verano.&lt;/em&gt; (This is cause and effect.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De vez en cuando tiene algunos comportamientos inexplicables: hoy ha venido a la oficina en zapatillas.&lt;/em&gt; (This explains the first clause.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your example falls in the category described by section 1.8 &amp;quot;oraciones relacionadas entre sí sin necesidad de emplear otro nexo&amp;quot; so you don't start with capital after the colon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T06:18:06.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20923" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-16T02:15:36.957" Score="9" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés cuando se usa &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; a modo de adjetivo se califica a una persona de saber afrontar una situación algo molesta. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/good_sport&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;wiktionary&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; un &amp;quot;good sport&amp;quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;someone who exhibits polite behaviour even or especially when things go wrong&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;someone who can take a joke&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, digamos que vas a ver un monólogo de comedia o un truco de magia, y resulta que el artista elige a alguien del público (tú) y hace unos cuántos chistes a tu costa. Si lo tomas con humor y entiendes que es por la situación y no es nada personal (le podría haber tocado igualmente a otro) y te ríes y disfrutas, siguiendo las bromas, estás siendo un &lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O digamos que vas al cine pero le toca elegir a tu pareja, quien elige un peli que para ti es un aburrimiento total, pero como entiendes que es &amp;quot;su turno&amp;quot; lo afrontas &amp;quot;con deportividad&amp;quot; y un poco de resignación. Ya te tocará &amp;quot;tu turno&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O que el próximo sábado, en lugar de hacer lo que tú quieres y disfrutar de tu tiempo libre te toca ir a comer a casa de tus suegros, pero vas igualmente sin pasar todo el día &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;amargao&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y dando evidentes muestras de estar a disgusto, y teniendo un trato agradable con todos (este ejemplo suponiendo claro que no te guste ir. Si tus suegros te caen bien o cocinan de maravilla, pues lo mismo hasta estás deseando ir y no cuenta como ser un &lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt;... :-) )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego la paciencia es un rasgo clave, pero para traducir el término correctamente hace falta algo más que calificar a alguien de &lt;code&gt;paciente&lt;/code&gt; ya que un &lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt; además no se queja mucho y acepta la situación con carácter afable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor manera de traducir &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T16:53:04.017" Title="Traducción para &quot;Good Sport&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2017-05-16T02:25:03.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierto tipo de coches policiales usados hasta finales de los setenta o principios de los ochenta eran de un modelo idéntico al usado para el reparto de leche. Por eso se les denominaba de manera coloquial &amp;quot;lecheras&amp;quot; a estos furgones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;id=Fl5dAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=origen+lechera+policia&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=Cooperativa+Lechera+Malague%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;El habla de Málaga&amp;quot;, por Antonio Pozo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los años 60 los coches y furgonetas de la policía eran de color blanco y los modelos eran los habituales de la época (Renault 4, Viasa SV-430 y DKW F-1000).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de ser el mismo modelo, al ser los furgones policiales en algún momento de color blanco (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=FLF2iT9qZHQC&amp;amp;lpg=PA488&amp;amp;dq=origen%20de%20%22lechera%22%20policia&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA488#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=lechera%20furg%C3%B3n%20policial&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Estudios de lingüística española&amp;quot;, por Manuel Seco&lt;/a&gt;), ayudó también a establecer la relación entre el furgón de la policía y el de la cooperativa lechera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Kudos para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/13628/walen&quot;&gt;Walen&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12825/roetnig&quot;&gt;Roetning&lt;/a&gt; que han aportado vía comentarios estas referencias.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T02:34:39.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20923" CreationDate="2017-05-16T11:07:23.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar el verbo &quot;encajar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EwwHYTQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;encajar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Recibir, soportar sin gran quebranto golpes, un resultado o tanteo adverso, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como lo que estás buscando es un calificativo para la persona, puedes decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;que sabe encajar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como en el siguiente ejemplo del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bueno, pues el cipote todavía porfiaba que no sabía encajar una broma y que si tal, y que venía haciendo de Neptuno desde que nació y nunca le ocurrió una cosa así.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Delibes, &quot;Diario de un emigrante&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del cine puedes decir que &quot;supo encajar una derrota&quot; (le tocaba decidir a ella, otra vez será), en el caso de la visita a la suegra puedes decir que &quot;supo encajar el mal trago&quot;, en el caso de los chistes a costa de uno puedes decir que &quot;los supo encajar con humor&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T11:07:23.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20929" CreationDate="2017-05-16T13:56:05.213" Score="5" ViewCount="4925" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día topé con la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubendariocorrea.com/wpsite/mujer-encontro-a-su-hermana-y-a-su-esposo-en-motel-de-ibague/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mujer encontró a su hermana y a su esposo en motel de Ibagué&lt;/a&gt;. Es de una periódico local colombiano que se nutre de historias variopintas y bueno... sí, no es muy serio pero reconozco que  estos cotilleos siempre entretienen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La noticia hablaba de un lance de infidelidad amorosa que terminó como el rosario de la aurora: el marido fue descubierto y huyó como pudo. En concreto, lo explicaba así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A los pocos minutos un &lt;strong&gt;taxi zapatico&lt;/strong&gt; ingresó y evacuó al hombre con rumbo desconocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendió el uso de &lt;em&gt;zapatico&lt;/em&gt; aquí. Para mí, en España, un zapatico es un diminutivo de zapato. Sin embargo, por contexto no puede ser eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué un rato y encontré que hay un modelo de Suzuki llamado Zapatico, bastante viejo, que aparece en bastantes páginas de compra venta de coches de Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TuzMp.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TuzMp.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, busqué luego por &lt;em&gt;taxi zapatico&lt;/em&gt; y me salieron imágenes de este tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0DVDN.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0DVDN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que coincide con el tipo de taxis que predominan en ese país. Sin embargo, estos ya no son de ese modelo ni seguramente esa marca (creo que eran híbridos, pero no recuerdo la marca). En España, a estos los solemos llamar &lt;em&gt;coche huevo&lt;/em&gt; por pequeños y redonditos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué es un &lt;em&gt;zapatico&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se usa solamente como adjetivo del taxi? ¿Será que el modelo Zapatico tuvo tanta fama que pasó a designar un tipo de coche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T23:26:06.600" Title="¿Qué es un &quot;taxi zapatico&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20926" CreationDate="2017-05-16T15:05:51.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que un &quot;zapatico&quot; es un &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/29751-zapatico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tipo de carro pequeño&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pulzo.com/nacion/por-que-son-tan-peligrosos-los-taxis-zapatico-que-circulan-en-colombia/371651&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los peligros de este tipo de coches&lt;/a&gt; se explica que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ‘zapaticos’ se caracterizan por tener no un compartimento de baúl independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que entiendo que significa que no tiene &quot;habitáculos independientes&quot; y que en caso de colisión los pasajeros pueden recibir un golpe de la estructura cuando esta se deforma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.las2orillas.co/la-inseguridad-de-los-taxis-zapaticos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro artículo&lt;/a&gt; sobre lo mismo. Es interesante &lt;em&gt;(y alarmante)&lt;/em&gt; que todo lo que he conseguido encontrar en la red se refiere a que los zapaticos son autos compactos, pero veo la palabra casi siempre asociada a &lt;em&gt;taxis&lt;/em&gt; y a los problemas de seguridad de este tipo de autos. &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.eltiempo.com/todo-sobre-autos/2015/07/09/aun-nos-venden-carros-nuevos-muy-inseguros-en-choque-frontal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Una tumba con llantas&quot;, según este artículo&lt;/a&gt; donde un usuario comenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;casi el 70 % de los taxis en Colombia son de los llamados “zapatico”, que no aguantan un choque de frente, ni de lado, ni por detrás, ni por encima. son como cáscara de huevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que entiendo que &lt;code&gt;zapatico&lt;/code&gt; es una manera coloquial de denominar un auto pequeño &lt;em&gt;(y posiblemente económico, viendo las carencias del mi&lt;/em&gt;smo), no necesariamente un taxi, pero este modelo es mucho más frecuente en taxis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5764" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T20:35:26.423" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T20:35:26.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20926" CreationDate="2017-05-16T16:10:47.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se denomina &quot;zapatico&quot; a cualquier automóvil que visto de perfil tenga la forma de un zapato pequeño, semejante al zapato que usaría un bebé (de allí proviene la expresión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modelo no fue muy famoso, no es un carro que se encuentre en grandes cantidades en las ciudades de Colombia, la expresión aplica también para automóviles particulares con ese tipo de forma, no es exclusiva para taxis aunque sí es la más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16759" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T16:27:29.630" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T16:27:29.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20926" CreationDate="2017-05-16T16:20:10.333" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente la segunda imagen de tu pregunta es lo que algunos denominan taxi zapatico y la simple razón es porque algunos le ven el parecido a un zapato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos tipos de taxis más comunes en Colombia tienen casi la misma forma y son el Chevrolet Chronos (la versión no taxi es Chevrolet Spark) y el Hyundai i10 o Hyundai Atos (cuyas versiones no taxi tienen el mismo nombre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos siguen siendo los tipos más comunes por ser económicos y pequeños para sortear el pesado tráfico de ciudades grandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contrario a lo que dice otra respuesta el modelo sí es muy exitoso y existen miles de estos vehículos tanto en su versión taxi como particular, ya que son el carro más barato del mercado y uno de los que menos combustible consume. Para validar esto es suficiente mirar las imágenes del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/otras-ciudades/paro-de-taxistas-en-colombia-contra-la-plataforma-uber-86530&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reciente paro de taxistas&lt;/a&gt; y apreciar que 9 de cada 10 vehículos es de este tipo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKb1O.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKb1O.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Chevrolet Chronos&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hNTrL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hNTrL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot; Hyundai i10&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T05:24:25.317" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T05:24:25.317" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20678" CreationDate="2017-05-16T16:41:38.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase muy en especial, varia en el sentido, me sirvo el hacerte llegar un enlace hacia un publicación en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es-la.facebook.com/ortografiaygramatica1/photos/a.522203101143378.122104.155644707799221/813283415368677/?type=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;, donde se explica el porque de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español existe un tipo de plural llamado &quot;plural expresivo&quot;. Este es un plural que no denota cantidad, sino intensidad. Se usa mucho en fórmulas de respeto, como &quot;gracias&quot;, &quot;mis condolencias&quot;, &quot;saludos&quot;, &quot;felices fiestas&quot;, &quot;felicidades&quot;, &quot;besos y abrazos&quot; y, claro, &quot;buenos días (y buenas tardes/noches)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14419" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T23:47:58.990" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T23:47:58.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20923" CreationDate="2017-05-17T02:24:53.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo una sola palabra para &lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sportsmanship&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, diría cosas así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo toma con calma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acepta que no es su turno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No se exalta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es quisquilloso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No lo toma personalmente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tiene carácter tranquilo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accede de buena gana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es una persona calmada. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linguee me dio: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tiene el temperamento apacible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tiene trato campechano con sus compañeros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tiene carácter plácido.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay más formas de expresarlo.  Esta lista no está completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T15:15:40.800" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T15:15:40.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20923" CreationDate="2017-05-17T08:19:01.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En casos así, según el contexto, yo usaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tomarse las cosas con deportividad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: pude usarse, como ya has apuntado, en contextos que impliquen competitividad o enfrentamiento: perder en un juego, perder en una discusión (tu ejemplo del cine), ser objeto de una broma ligera o sin importancia, aceptar que a veces hay que ceder...  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tomarse las cosas con filosofía&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: para situaciones mas relacionadas con los avatares de la vida, desgracias, &lt;em&gt;setbacks&lt;/em&gt; y demás.  Cuando cierra tu empresa, cuando se es el objeto de burlas serias, cuando te deniegan la beca que esperabas, cuando te dejan por otra persona... Usar &quot;deportividad&quot; en esos contextos podría banalizar la situación mas allá de lo deseable. Entonces, una expresión común es la que tira de la 5ª acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hw9B3HA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;filosofía&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;code&gt;Fortaleza o serenidad de ánimo para soportar las vicisitudes de la vida&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un adjetivo concreto... En muchos diccionarios de sinónimos aparece &quot;nobleza&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;deportividad&quot;. Podrías entonces usar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;noble&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabe aguantar una broma y nunca se toma las cosas a mal. Es una persona muy &lt;strong&gt;noble&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T08:19:01.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20943" CreationDate="2017-05-17T08:59:35.843" Score="14" ViewCount="6794" Body="&lt;p&gt;English is a language that does not have a consistent system for the pronunciation of words with similar spellings (&lt;em&gt;e.g.&lt;/em&gt; compare &lt;em&gt;rough&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt;), this can lead to a situation where it is not always obvious how an unfamiliar word is pronounced. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish, conversely, has a very consistent system for pronunciation of words, in that one can read an unfamiliar word and be confident in how it is pronounced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask if there exists any Spanish words that are not pronounced in a way that would be expected from its spelling. I have not encountered any examples in my study of Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If no words like this exist, why is this the case? Did the Real Academia Española (RAE) eliminate all such examples that possibly existed in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15208" LastEditorUserId="15208" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T12:54:40.087" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T15:37:44.153" Title="Do any Spanish words exist that aren't pronounced as expected from their spelling?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T09:32:10.873" Score="-1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llaman palabras homónimas a aquellas cuya pronunciación es&#xA;  igual o similar pero difieren en su significado. Dentro de éstas, se&#xA;  distingue entre las palabras homófonas y las homógrafas. Las primeras&#xA;  se pronuncian igual pero se escriben de un modo diferente y tienen&#xA;  significados distintos, y las segundas difieren también en su&#xA;  significado pero la grafía es idéntica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_palabras_hom%C3%B3nimas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you have a list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;Asia (continente)   hacia (preposición) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incluye pares de palabras que son homófonas para los hablantes que no&#xA;  distinguen /z/ y /s/ o /y/ y /ll/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example there are some Spanish countries or regionalisms where /s/ and /c/ might have a different pronunciation. Like 'Earth', some English accents ignore the 'R' or make it softer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T13:05:39.917" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T13:05:39.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20914" CreationDate="2017-05-17T10:31:06.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct gramatically and syntactically. As in most things Spanish, this has important regional variations in meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general the only difference between these two forms, is the mode of address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contacte con nosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Is &lt;em&gt;generally&lt;/em&gt; (regional variance details to follow below) the &lt;strong&gt;formal mode of address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contacta con nosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Is the &lt;strong&gt;informal mode of address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contáctanos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Is More of a &lt;em&gt;relaxed  informal&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;familiar mode of address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is traditionally a very common string used when writing web pages, and like in any written medium, you should follow a consistent mode of address throughout the entire document or page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surely everyone will understand the meaning regardless of the mode of address you use, even if you mix them, but doing so will cast a poor or amateurish impression on your readers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To decide which mode of address is more appropriate for your writing, consider your audience and purpose of the document or web page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Financial Institutions, Professional associations, and in general, services that have a very low turnaround, will use the formal mode of address, and with good reason! You are entrusting them (say a bank) with your assets, so respectful, factual and unambiguous communication is a must, and that calls for formality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Public utilities and government sites will use the informal mode to give the impression of a responsible, yet dynamic organization in communications with their customers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your main audience are young adults and adolescents, or the topic is about their iterests, (videogames, pop  music, sports) then the familiar  mode of address may actually generate more trust amongst them, because you &quot;speak their language&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Regional variations&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Latin American countries in Central America, (Guatemala, El Salvador) and the  Caribbean (Venezuela) have inverted the formal and informal modes of address, an example of this inversion could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Papa, yo a usted le amo con todo el corazón&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;Is pretty weird in Mexico, yet correct usage in El Salvador, a father being one of your closest and familiar relatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Alfredo, apenas te he conocido y no puedo decir que te amo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;would be awkward in Mexico where a couple just met and the formal mode of address is expected until trust and familiarity is established, but would be exactly right in Venezuela, where this mode is used to denote deference, distance or respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T10:37:55.360" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T10:37:55.360" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T10:37:44.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE dictionary includes a lot of loan words from other languages (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YUF6FgQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;). In those cases, the entry will be written in italics and will be marked as &quot;voz inglesa&quot; or whichever language it comes from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, in such cases the word will not be pronounced as in Spanish, but as it is pronounced in its original language. You can see in the example that the definition just redirects you to the Spanish-ised version of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gets funnier when we find that there are Spanish words based in foreign names, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm5LIB4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shakespeariano&lt;/a&gt;. You can pronounce it following the English pronunciation, an Spanish-ised one, or even a mix of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T16:46:31.007" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T16:46:31.007" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T10:45:25.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Longer answer: no, as a general rule all native and nativized Spanish words are &quot;pronounced as written&quot;, which does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; mean that every speaker pronounces them in the same way, but only that for a given graph (letter or fixed combination thereof) the pronunciation in a given dialect is always the same. Also, of course, it does not mean that every difference in writing correlates with a difference in pronunciation (&lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; are the best examples).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a group of deviations from the norm (thanks @guifa for the comment): the unstressed hiatuses in some verb endings. The rules say that the groups &lt;em&gt;ia, ie, io&lt;/em&gt; are always pronounced as a diphthong, unless broken orthographically by an accent (&lt;em&gt;ía, íe, ío&lt;/em&gt;), but in &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; the vowels tend to be pronounced separately (in some cases the hiatus is explicitly broken: &lt;em&gt;yo envío&lt;/em&gt;). There a section on Wikipedia's article about &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_irregular_verbs#Cambio_vs._env.C3.ADo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish irregular verbs&lt;/a&gt; dealing with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Words borrowed from other languages and which haven't been adapted to Spanish orthography are also exceptions to the phonetic rule, but even in this case, the pronunciation is not always unpredictable; in general it will wander a bit around a few realizations and then stabilize as the word becomes common. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T14:47:51.343" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T14:47:51.343" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20914" CreationDate="2017-05-17T11:25:21.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Contacta con nosotras&quot; means &quot;Contact us&quot;, but referring to a group of females. If you mean &quot;Contact us&quot;, but are referring to a group of males (or a mixed group) it should be &quot;Contacta con &lt;strong&gt;nosotros&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. It's something you'd expect to find on a blog page, an informal website, or the support page on a Social Network site, such as Twitter or Facebook, which generally don't use the formal way to refer to their users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Contacte con nosotros&quot; also means &quot;Contact us&quot;, referring to a group of males or a mixed group, but it's the formal way. It's something you'd find on a corporate website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since English does normally not differentiate between genders, and the formality of a sentence is usually known by context, &quot;Contacta con nosotros&quot;, &quot;Contacta con nosotras&quot;, &quot;Contacte con nosotros&quot; and &quot;Contacte con nosotras&quot; all translate as &quot;Contact us&quot;, but there are many subtle differences in Spanish, and you must use the proper one every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T16:15:00.360" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T16:15:00.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20891" CreationDate="2017-05-17T12:51:38.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're almost there. It's not &quot;material&quot;, but &quot;materia&quot;. &quot;Materia&quot; is the academic way to say &quot;subject&quot; in Spain. As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14627/pablodf76&quot;&gt;pablodf76&lt;/a&gt; suggests, &quot;asignatura&quot; and &quot;tema&quot; are also fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T12:51:38.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T13:17:41.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of exceptions I can think from the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pijama&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced as &quot;piyama&quot; in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced &quot;méjico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6837" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T13:17:41.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T13:23:39.230" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you can see from this questions &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1950/5481&quot;&gt;Are there other words in Spanish that can't be written? (like sal-le)&lt;/a&gt; there might be &lt;strong&gt;really rare&lt;/strong&gt; exceptions, but it might be possible to find &quot;Spanish words that are not pronounced in a way that would be expected from its spelling&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the answers in that question we have as examples &quot;salle&quot; (2rd person imperative of &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt; with a pronoun. Like if you were in a soccer game and you wanted to say to the &lt;em&gt;goalie&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Salle tú a ese jugador, yo voy a por el otro&quot;) and specially &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YfnaCDD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;suidos&lt;/a&gt;, which as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12478/5481&quot;&gt;the answer&lt;/a&gt; says, is a word something you would not pronounce as expected based upon its written form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we learned in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10178/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué el español se pronuncia como se escribe?&lt;/a&gt; while Spanish was &quot;evolving&quot; as a language it didn't have a written grammar, rules, etc. until Alfonso X tried to put into &quot;written form&quot; the language (which was done first following phonology, years later following etimology and then back and forward). That is why Spanish has a &quot;shallower&quot; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/643&quot;&gt;orthographic depth&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; than other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T16:58:55.893" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T16:58:55.893" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20923" CreationDate="2017-05-17T14:58:20.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi abuelita diría: &quot;ese chiquillo tiene &lt;strong&gt;presencia de ánimo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Significa que no te quiebras en situaciones difíciles, y creo que se acerca más a &lt;em&gt;aplomo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;temple&lt;/em&gt; que a &lt;em&gt;espíritu deportivo&lt;/em&gt;, pero lo aporto igual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una frase que se usa en Chile, más bien entre personas mayores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T14:58:20.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20899" CreationDate="2017-05-17T15:01:55.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like others mentioned before, it means the owner is selling the item because he or she got a better one. This is the usual case when you purchase a new phone while your current one is already working. You put it on sale and remark that you are selling it because you got a newer and better one, and not because it has any defect or is not working, so potential buyers feel more confident.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T15:01:55.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20923" CreationDate="2017-05-17T16:53:04.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Y que tal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZQyCw3M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Temple&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Fortaleza enérgica y valentía serena para afrontar las dificultades y los riesgos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí en México se usa la expresión: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene temple de acero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T16:53:04.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T17:22:50.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people might not expect México to be pronounced as Méjico.  The older spelling was kept after the spelling update.  Proper nouns sometimes kept the old spellings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common noun tejas, the red tiles found in roofing, is the same word as Texas, the name of a US state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T17:22:50.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20952" CreationDate="2017-05-17T18:04:55.183" Score="7" ViewCount="3674" Body="&lt;p&gt;Busco una buena traducción del verbo &quot;to supply&quot;, tal como en la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The glaciers that supply Lima with water are melting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las dos traducciones que tengo presente son &quot;abastecer&quot; y &quot;suministrar&quot; pero no me queda claro las diferencias entre las dos. Quizás ambos sirven de igual en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, ¿cuándo se utilizaría abastecer en vez de suministrar? ¿Cuándo se encuentran los dos verbos sinónimos? ¿Le queda uno de los dos mejor en el caso de la frase anterior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T11:36:47.477" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:10:57.567" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;abastecer&quot; y &quot;suministrar&quot;? ¿Cuál debe usarse para traducir &quot;The glaciers that supply Lima&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T18:45:05.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The spanish word &quot;subrayar&quot; should be pronounced as &quot;su bra yar&quot;, but people says &quot;sub ra yar&quot;. Is the only case I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T18:45:05.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-17T21:35:34.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One unexpected pronunciation for me was México, as a Peninsular speaker I would ofter pronounce it as Mé&lt;strong&gt;ks&lt;/strong&gt;ico, but then I learned that it should be a J-sound because they just refused the spelling reform, hence, Don Qui&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ote, Te&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;as and Mé&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;ico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16773" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T21:35:34.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20926" CreationDate="2017-05-17T22:44:22.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un Taxi Zapatico, o un taxi chiquito, es un tipo de taxi que se ve mucho, pero mucho por acá en Colombia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque en Colombia a nadie le importa que estos carritos no sean aptos para el transporte público. (Hay que ver las pruebas de colisión de estos carritos, en serio) Hay varios lugares del mundo donde no son permitidos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque como son chiquitos pueden &quot;culebrear&quot; entre el tráfico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque aunque son peligrosos son BARATOS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe un grupo de Facebook. &quot;odio los taxis chiquitos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah, y usualmente no tienen baúl (está ocupado por el cilindro de gas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16774" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-21T23:26:06.600" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T23:26:06.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20948" CreationDate="2017-05-17T22:49:41.773" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=03damMg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abastecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YhZ89rx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;suministrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos en este sentido, es decir que estrictamente tanto uno como el otro son correctos. Sin embargo, en otro contexto las mismas raíces verbales representan extremos complementarios de una relación. &lt;em&gt;Abastecer&lt;/em&gt; puede usarse como pronominal (&lt;em&gt;abastecerse&lt;/em&gt;) con sentido reflexivo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;suministrar&lt;/em&gt; no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los glaciares de las montañas abastecen de agua a Lima.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Lima se abastece de agua gracias a los glaciares de las montañas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá debido a esto me resulta a mí más natural el uso de &lt;em&gt;abastecer&lt;/em&gt; en este caso, ya que estoy pensando en &lt;em&gt;el abastecimiento que la ciudad de Lima hace, para su propio beneficio, aprovechando el agua de los glaciares&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que cuando pienso en &lt;em&gt;suministrar&lt;/em&gt;, la imagen que me viene a la mente es la de un agente activamente suministrando algo a otro, cosa que no se corresponde con este ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio sí usaría &lt;em&gt;suministrar&lt;/em&gt; para la acción de proveer o abastecer de agua a los habitantes de la ciudad, que es una acción que realizan el estado y/o las empresas encargadas de tomar el agua, canalizarla, acumularla, potabilizarla y enviarla a los hogares por las cañerías. En mi dialecto, al menos, siempre se habla de esto como de &lt;em&gt;suministro de agua&lt;/em&gt; (como se habla del &lt;em&gt;suministro de energía eléctrica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;abastecimiento de agua&lt;/em&gt;, por otro lado, no refiere a la provisión de agua sino a las acciones destinadas a obtener esa agua. Si me dicen que &quot;en Lima está en peligro el abastecimiento de agua&quot;, yo interpretaré que la ciudad corre peligro de quedarse sin el agua que necesita para sus habitantes. Si en cambio me dicen que &quot;en Lima está en peligro el suministro de agua&quot;, pensaré inmediatamente en que hay un problema con las cañerías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No sé si esta connotación es la misma para otras personas.&lt;/strong&gt; Como dije, los dos verbos son sinónimos (dejando de lado el pronominal &lt;em&gt;abastecerse&lt;/em&gt;) y no es un error usar uno en lugar del otro en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T22:49:41.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2017-05-17T22:49:50.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Fuera de concurso: 211 caracteres.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sultanes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ve los tonos&amp;quot;, pidió Wo. Señaló la colonia del primer fortín. Kress vio un... ¿insecto? rayar el muro del tanque. Tamaño de uña. Seis patas, seis ojitos dispersos, fieros quijales batiendo y dos esbeltas antenas tejiendo el aire: motas tizón en su coraza óxido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada está hecha uniendo las mejores ideas que, en mi opinión, hemos aportado cada uno por separado. ¡Insuperable!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T22:49:50.063" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-17T22:49:50.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T01:00:21.233" Score="5" ViewCount="16546" Body="&lt;p&gt;En septiembre del año pasado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mandatario venezolano, Nicolás Maduro fue recibido &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a golpes de ollas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y gritos de protesta por los vecinos del barrio Villa Rosa, ubicado en Isla Margarita, cuando se disponía a realizar un acto político durante la noche de este viernes.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elheraldo.co/mundo/nicolas-maduro-huye-de-cacerolazo-en-isla-margarita-282778&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;- El Heraldo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de protesta es tipificada como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacerolazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (también cacerolada):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Protesta colectiva en la que se hace ruido con cacerolas&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6UzQDKE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;- DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según mis búsquedas, solo tiene significado como protesta desde la época de Pinochet, pero aparece en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22cacerolada%22&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;tbs=cdr:1,cd_min:1770,cd_max:1943&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams en un libro de “Chilenismos&lt;/a&gt;”  en 1900. ¿Cuándo fue que la palabra empezó a tener significado de protesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12030" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-09T20:26:07.547" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T20:27:40.767" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;cacerolazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20955" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T01:12:37.683" Score="2" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the contextual sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pregúntenle a la top model Lineisy Montero, quien, junto con sus compañeros, saltaba entre cada foto para &lt;strong&gt;calentarse&lt;/strong&gt; el alma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding of &lt;strong&gt;calentarse&lt;/strong&gt; is that it connotes the idea of getting mad, angry, etc.  I intuit that in the above sentence, in this context, &lt;strong&gt;calentarse&lt;/strong&gt; is referring to figuratively warming one's soul.  However, I do know that these photos that are referenced in the above sentence were taken in very cold weather wherein the attire wasn't appropriate for the temperature.  Is it warming their soul figuratively or their body literally?  I'm not able to verify this usage of 'calentarse' in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any guidance will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T13:14:45.707" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T13:14:45.707" Title="What does &quot;saltaba entre cada foto para calentarse el alma&quot; mean? Is it warming their soul figuratively or their body literally?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20955" CreationDate="2017-05-18T02:21:36.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that she wanted to get physically warm, especially since you state that the photos were taken in a cold environment and attire was not warm enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Calentarse &lt;em&gt;el alma&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not really an idiom, but I think it was used to stress the models were really cold. In Spanish we have idioms like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estar calado hasta los huesos: &lt;sub&gt; to be soaked to the bone&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that you could compare that to the expression &quot;chilled to the bone&quot;. Your bones don't really get cold or wet, but &lt;em&gt;it feels like it&lt;/em&gt;, or it is a good way of describing the feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, your soul is supposed to be inside your body. So &quot;calentarse el alma&quot; is a way of saying &quot;warming the inside&quot; or &quot;warming to the bone&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is worth mentioning that it could be used figuratively. If instead of a model in a cold environment you have said that she heard a really inspiring poet, you could have used (or stretched) the expression to mean, not getting mad or angry, but comforted, inspired, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T02:26:13.830" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T02:26:13.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20955" CreationDate="2017-05-18T03:01:24.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calentarse&lt;/em&gt; might mean &lt;em&gt;to get angry&lt;/em&gt; in the right context, but that's far from the most common meaning.  The most common would be to warm up, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjame calentarme los pies antes de salir otra vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example chosen at random from the internet: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ehowenespanol.com/calentarse-pies-frios-cama-info_117980/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo calentarse los pies fríos en la cama (eHow en Español)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your quote, the model does need to warm up literally, hence the hopping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, one could take a figurative meaning as well: &lt;em&gt;to warm the heart&lt;/em&gt;.  Popular culture magazines love double meanings.  (I looked up the &lt;a href=&quot;http://peopleenespanol.com/celebridades/50-mas-bellos-2017-todo-lo-que-paso/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;original article&lt;/a&gt;, and in this case, they did not set up the figurative meaning very well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, the figurative meaning would not be reflexive, but to make the expression work as a double meaning, the reflexive pronoun needs to be added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(It should be noted that one has to be a bit careful with &lt;em&gt;calentarse&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt; in certain contexts, to avoid inadvertently suggesting sexual excitement.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T03:01:24.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20971" CreationDate="2017-05-18T03:18:31.753" Score="2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las noticias eran buenas: la situación en mi casa era normal y mis perseguidores no habían dado señales de vida, &lt;strong&gt;aunque eso no significaba que me hubiesen olvidado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, el verbo subordinado por &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; es indicativo y en consecuencia el autor cree que es verdad. No obstante, el verbo sub-subordinado en subjuntivo me preocupa. La razón más clara que puedo postular es que indica un oracion causal en que el hablante que hable en indicativo simpatiza con un hecho cuando describe un motivo o causa, pero no compadece o se muestra imparcial cuando habla en subjuntivo. Aquí por seguro no está de acuerdo con los perseguidores y la explicacion que ellos no la han olvidado a pesar de la falta de evidencia puede ser en subjuntivo para expresar el desacuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado ejemplos del (para mí) oscuro uso de oraciones causales que puede encontrar en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www1.udel.edu/leipzig/depende/subj_adverbiales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El subjuntivo en subordinadas adverbiales&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, quiero añadir que la huelga del 27-E me parece legítima&#xA;pero inútil, y no porque González &lt;strong&gt;haya decidido&lt;/strong&gt; no moverse aunque sea&#xA;un éxito, ni porque comparta lo del gran daño para la economía ni&#xA;porque me guste la reforma laboral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una herencia del pasado. Por&#xA;motivos de política general, este año los presupuestos apenas han&#xA;aumentado. Se ha seguido con la inercia del pasado, por lo que ha&#xA;salido primado el Reina Sofía frente al Prado. Lo que sí tengo que&#xA;decir es que el presupuesto del Prado es de 2.378 millones pero que&#xA;también va a recibir los 1.500 millones del arreglo de las cubiertas y&#xA;lo que cueste toda la ampliación. Sin duda, cuando los presupuestos&#xA;sean más flexibles, tendrá que actualizarse también el del Prado. No&#xA;lo digo porque &lt;strong&gt;me guste&lt;/strong&gt; más la pintura antigua que la contemporánea, y&#xA;porque también &lt;strong&gt;la haya estudiado&lt;/strong&gt; más, es que creo que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segunda hipótesis: La narradora cree que en verdad la falta de signos significa nada, y por lo tanto ellos quizá la hayan olvidado pero es dudable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T00:50:09.367" Title="¿Por qué es usado el subjuntivo en &quot;aunque eso no significaba que me hubiesen olvidado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20962" CreationDate="2017-05-18T03:28:33.543" Score="5" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi Popo nada sabía de ese deporte, porque no es popular en Estados Unidos, pero no vaciló en abandonar el béisbol, del cual era fanático,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;para calarse&lt;/strong&gt; cientos de partidos infantiles femeninos de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir &quot;para calarse&quot;? Si quiere decir &quot;sumergirse en&quot;, ¿por qué falta &quot;en&quot; como en cada otro ejemplo he encontrado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que no puede significar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6i93wwC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parar un coche aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T13:19:25.973" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T18:58:20.670" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;para calarse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20975" CreationDate="2017-05-18T03:48:43.933" Score="4" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cagatina que casi &lt;strong&gt;me despacha&lt;/strong&gt; cuando recién llegué a Chiloé no&#xA;  fue disentería, porque se me habría quitado con los antibióticos del&#xA;  doctor, sino un maleficio, como demostró Eduvigis al curarme con&#xA;  rezos, con su infusión de arrayán, linaza y toronjil y con sus friegas&#xA;  en la barriga con pasta para limpiar metales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna regla o razón para explicar el uso de presente en este acontecimiento del pasado? Estoy perplejo/a en este caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T08:27:20.700" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T07:39:37.710" Title="¿Por qué se usa presente en &quot;que casi me despacha cuando recién llegué&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20960" CreationDate="2017-05-18T05:59:51.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguramente esté haciendo un símil con «calarse el sombrero»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6i74jwO%7C6i85AxB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     5. tr. Ponerse una gorra, un sombrero, etc., haciéndolos entrar mucho en la cabeza. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este sentido, se crea la figura del padre metiendo la cabeza todo lo que puede en ese, para él, extraño mundo del fútbol infantil femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T13:32:11.087" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T13:32:11.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20570" CreationDate="2017-05-18T08:23:04.167" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por regla general (esto me lo dijo un amigo corrector de textos para editoriales) se puede escribir de las dos maneras, pero no en los mismos contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se escribe &quot;Internet&quot; con mayúscula inicial cuando se usa como nombre propio. Por ejemplo, decir &quot;La red Internet evolucionó de la red militar ARPANET&quot;, mientras que &quot;internet&quot; se refiere a la red en sí misma como servicio, como cuando dices, &quot;Voy a hacer una búsqueda en internet&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, ni los correctores de textos se ponen de acuerdo, y en mi caso he visto manuscritos míos en los que el corrector me lo ha puesto siempre con mayúscula inicial y otros casos en los que otro corrector distinguía entre el uso como nombre propio, y las referencias al servicio en sí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T08:23:04.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20570" CreationDate="2017-05-18T10:28:36.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/em&gt;: lo siguiente es mi opinión como ingeniero de telecomunicaciones. Puede que en entornos, no sé... bursátiles o algo así, &quot;Internet&quot; tenga otro sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internet es el nombre de una red concreta. La mayor del mundo, seguramente; pero no la única. Existen redes locales, redes virtuales de empresas, conexiones punto a punto, redes anónimas como Freenet o Tor... Ninguna de las cuales es a lo que nos referimos cuando decimos &quot;voy a conectarme a Internet&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por tanto, en el 99,99% de los casos, cuando hablamos de Internet nos estamos refiriendo a la red por su nombre, y por tanto debe ir en mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre ninguna situación en que pueda escribirse en minúscula como &quot;servicio&quot;: &quot;&lt;em&gt;No va Internet&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; &quot;&lt;em&gt;Este juego requiere acceso a Internet&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Vodafónica es un proveedor de servicios de Internet&lt;/em&gt;&quot;... Siempre en mayúscula.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afinando mucho, &lt;em&gt;podría&lt;/em&gt; cuadrar el uso en minúscula (aunque yo lo pondría en mayúscula igualmente) en un contexto muy técnico como &quot;&lt;em&gt;Este es el&lt;/em&gt; router &lt;em&gt;que da salida a internet&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: donde estamos hablando de la infraestructura de red de, por ejemplo, una oficina; y donde por &quot;internet&quot; nos estamos refiriendo en realidad a cualquier red que no sea la red interna. Y con todo, lo correcto ahí sería decir &quot;salida al exterior&quot; o &quot;salida a la red externa&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota curiosa: Hasta el corrector ortográfico del navegador me dice que los &quot;internet&quot; del anterior párrafo deberían ir con mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T10:28:36.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20948" CreationDate="2017-05-18T11:16:48.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20952/13628&quot;&gt;respuesta de pablodf76&lt;/a&gt; es perfecta. Yo solo quiero darle otro enfoque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Semánticamente, tenemos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Abastecer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, aunque su origen etimológico está en &quot;bastir&quot; (ver comentarios), su significado se identifica con el de &quot;bastar&quot;, &quot;bastante&quot;, etc. Quiere decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hacer que algo baste&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, o sea: asegurar que algo esté disponible en cantidad suficiente. Lo que se haga después con ese algo, es otro asunto.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este sentido, los glaciares aseguran que haya bastante agua.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Suministrar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; comparte raíz con &quot;ministro&quot;, &quot;administrar&quot;, etc.,  que vienen todos del latín &lt;em&gt;minister&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;sirviente&quot;. El verbo quiere decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar el sirviente algo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, dar un servicio.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este sentido, estrictamente hablando, los glaciares no dan un servicio a nadie: son glaciares. Es la Administración (como su nombre indica) la que se encarga de coger el agua que proporcionan los glaciares y servirla a la ciudad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que el primer verbo es ligeramente más pasivo que el segundo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, siendo estrictos, creo que sería más correcto usar &quot;abastecer&quot; que &quot;suministrar&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, es totalmente válido decir que los glaciares &quot;suministran&quot; agua a la ciudad. Sería una manera de sustituir el todo por la parte (incluyendo el abastecimiento como parte de la cadena de suministro), o de personalizar los glaciares como agentes activos del suministro. Y la diferencia de significado es mínima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T11:10:57.567" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:10:57.567" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-18T12:05:27.047" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish words containing a &quot;w&quot; come from other languages and depending on their origin this letter sounds different. For example, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;   [bolˈfɾa.mjo] (german), or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sándwich&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; [ˈsan.dwitʃ] (english)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although there is a rule for this (if german origin, sounds like &quot;b&quot; or &quot;v&quot;, otherwise nearly always sounds like &quot;gua&quot;, &quot;gue&quot;, &quot;güi&quot;, &quot;guo&quot; &quot;gu&quot; or &quot;u&quot;), you can't know only from its spelling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16781" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T12:05:27.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20968" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20976" CreationDate="2017-05-18T14:22:20.937" Score="5" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;El juego consiste en tomar un fragmento de un texto en un idioma extranjero y traducirlo al español. Gana quien consiga usar el menor numero de caracteres, manteniendo el sentido del texto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aquí tenéis enlaces a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/13628&quot;&gt;las normas&lt;/a&gt; y a un &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contador de caracteres&lt;/a&gt; (no cuentan signos de puntuación: solo letras y números).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The goal is to take a fragment of text in a foreign language and translate it to Spanish. The winner will be whoever manages to do it with the least amount of characters, while keeping the text's meaning.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Here you have links to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/13628&quot;&gt;the rules&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) and to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;character counter&lt;/a&gt; (punctuation doesn't count; only letters and numbers do).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El siguiente fragmento está extraído de la cancion &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=lose+yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lose yourself&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, compuesta por el conocido rapero Eminem, y tema principal de su película autobiográfica &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0298203/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;8 Mile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The following fragment is taken from the song &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=lose+yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lose yourself&lt;/a&gt;, composed by famous rapper Eminem and main theme of his biopic &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0298203/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;8 Mile&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;His palms are sweaty, knees weak, arms are heavy&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  There's vomit on his sweater already, mom's spaghetti&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He's nervous, but on the surface he looks calm and ready&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To drop bombs, but he keeps on forgettin'&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  What he wrote down, the whole crowd goes so loud&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He opens his mouth, but the words won't come out&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He's chokin', how, everybody's jokin' now&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The clocks run out, times up, over, blaow!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;293 caracteres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi propuesta de traducción (que confieso que he hecho un poco más larga de lo habitual, para mayor efecto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My translation proposal (which I confess to have made a bit longer than usual, for a greater effect):&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Sus manos están sudorosas, las rodillas débiles, los brazos le pesan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Ya hay vómito en su suéter, los espaguetis de su madre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Está nervioso, pero en la superficie parece calmado y listo&lt;br&gt;&#xA; para lanzar bombas, pero se le sigue olvidando&lt;br&gt;&#xA; lo que escribió, todo el público hace mucho ruido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Abre su boca, pero las palabras no quieren salir.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Se está ahogando, ¿cómo? Ahora todos están haciendo chistes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; los cronómetros se van a parar, ¡se acabó el tiempo! ¡Final! ¡Bum!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;361 caracteres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dirían en la película: &quot;&lt;em&gt;DJ, kick it!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. ¡Diviértanse!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As they would say in the movie: &quot;DJ, kick it!&quot;. ¡Have fun!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Fin de la partida&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vencedor&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20976/13628&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CarlosAlejo&lt;/strong&gt; con 166 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Victoria &lt;em&gt;cum laude&lt;/em&gt; además, ya que ha conseguido mantener la rima original :-O ¡Mi enhorabuena!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Medalla de plata: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20981/13628&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aparente001&lt;/strong&gt; con 179 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Medalla de bronce: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20969/13628&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diego&lt;/strong&gt; con 216 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Diploma: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21015/13628&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dockeryZ&lt;/strong&gt; con 307 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias a todos por participar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:08:31.987" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:08:31.987" Title="Translation-golf VII: &quot;Lose yourself&quot; by Eminem" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-18T14:34:10.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20968" CreationDate="2017-05-18T14:50:35.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;219&lt;/strike&gt; 216 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palmas sudorosas, rodillas tiemblan, brazos pesan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Basca la pasta de mamá en su sudadera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nervioso aparenta calma.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Listo para dar caña, aunque olvide el verso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  preparado. La peña enloquece.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Abre la boca mas nada sale.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Atragantado, todos ríen.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El reloj agota el tiempo, BUM!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uso &quot;pota&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;vomitona&quot; y &quot;peña&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;público o audiencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización 1: uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ABjIv2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;basca&lt;/a&gt; en el sentido de &quot;regurgitar&quot;. Lo estoy forzando un poco al convertirlo en verbo, pero he aprendido una palabra nueva :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T15:26:01.987" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T15:26:01.987" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-18T14:50:35.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20954" CreationDate="2017-05-18T16:49:48.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por mi conocimiento personal te puedo decir que la primera protesta chilena en la que se golpearon cacerolas fue en contra del presidente Salvador Allende, la noche del 1° de diciembre de 1971, aprovechando la visita que hizo a Chile el líder cubano Fidel Castro. Se dice que &quot;la noche de las ollas&quot; fue una acción espontánea de parte de las mujeres de la burguesía media-alta (ya se había escuchado golpes de ollas esporádicos algunos días antes, lo que sugiere este origen espontáneo), pero lo más probable es que haya sido organizada por la derecha política, que estaba muy motivada en esa época, por medio del movimiento &quot;Poder Femenino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como fuera, estaban imitando una protesta famosa que le habían hecho al mismo Castro en Cuba muchos años antes, también golpeando ollas vacías. Esto ocurrió en la ciudad de Cárdenas en 1962 y es conocido como &quot;la protesta de los calderos&quot; o algo así. Por lo tanto, si buscas el origen del &lt;em&gt;cacerolazo&lt;/em&gt; como símbolo, puedes mirar por ese lado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si lo que buscas es el origen de la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;cacerolazo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, ésta tiene que haber surgido en el registro popular chileno después de este evento de 1971 y antes de 1974, que es cuando ya se puede encontrar la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=w3zjAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22cacerolazo%22&amp;amp;dq=%22cacerolazo%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en letra impresa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante este tiempo el golpe de ollas no fue tanto símbolo de escasez (&quot;ollas vacías&quot;) como de la oposición al modelo socialista, lo cual fue claramente entendido por Fidel Castro. (&lt;em&gt;¡Fidel a la olla / aliñado con cebolla!&lt;/em&gt;). Diez años después, en los 80, las cacerolas se dieron vuelta, ahora en contra de la derecha partidaria de Pinochet. Los mismos que antes caceroleaban, ahora eran los que recibían el cacerolazo (imagínate cuán indignadas habrán estado esas señoras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tus descubrimientos de principios del siglo XX, yo estimo que se refieren a &quot;golpes dados con una cacerola&quot; contra algo o alguien, sin ánimo de protesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-09-09T15:36:19.457" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T15:36:19.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20958" CreationDate="2017-05-18T18:21:02.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque&lt;/em&gt; funciona bien con subjuntivo bien con indicativo (solo que con el subjuntivo tiene la connotación de «sea que es o no»).  En este caso, veamos la diferencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;…la situación en mi casa era normal y mis perseguidores no habían dado señales de vida, &lt;strong&gt;aunque eso no significaba&lt;/strong&gt;… &lt;sub&gt;(no lo habríamos esperado, pero que conste no significaba)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;…la situación en mi casa era normal y mis perseguidores no habían dado señales de vida, &lt;strong&gt;aunque eso no significa&lt;sup&gt;ra&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;se&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;… &lt;sub&gt;(a pesar de que o incluso en el caso de que no significase)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero tu pregunta radica en la última parte que no depende de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; porque es una cláusula nominal que es complemente del verbo &lt;em&gt;significar&lt;/em&gt;.  Visto así, creo que debe ser fácil entender por qué se usa el subjuntivo: cuando decimos que algo &lt;em&gt;significa&lt;/em&gt; algo, estamos afirmando ese segundo algo.  No obstante, cuando decimos que algo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; significa&lt;/em&gt; algo, estamos rechazando la idea del segundo algo.  Ese rechazo o negación induce el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T18:21:02.180" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20958" CreationDate="2017-05-18T18:38:43.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esta respuesta voy a tratar de complementar la de guifa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente oración sería muy correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis perseguidores no daban señales de vida en ese momento, pero, como al poco descubrí, no me habían olvidado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no se puede escribir así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis perseguidores no habían dado señales de vida, aunque eso no significaba que me habían olvidado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;porque &lt;em&gt;NO&lt;/em&gt; significaba que la hubieran olvidado.  Es decir, la negación requiere el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T18:38:43.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20960" CreationDate="2017-05-18T18:58:20.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a proponer otra idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calar&lt;/strong&gt;: 11. Entrarse, introducirse en alguna parte. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6i74jwO%7C6i85AxB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que el papá entró de lleno en el mundo de futbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una idea más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;18&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(Dicho de una persona) Mojarse hasta que el agua u otro líquido, penetrando la ropa, llegue al cuerpo. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6i74jwO%7C6i85AxB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el papá se empapó de partidos de futbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También preguntaste por qué faltaba &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;.  No sé explicar esto pero encontré en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/calarse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt; una gran variedad de preposiciones usadas con &lt;em&gt;calarse&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T18:58:20.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2017-05-18T20:20:54.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm beginning to learn Spanish as well. I just learned of the phrase, &quot;No hay de que'&quot; and had the same question. When I typed out the individual words in the phrase for literal meaning they mean the following: (Español/English) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No = no; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hay = there is; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de = of; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que = what. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct English translation would be, &quot;No there is of what.&quot; The &quot;correct&quot; translation would be, &quot;There is no of what.&quot; There are several English sayings that have a similar context such as, &quot;What of it?&quot; or &quot;There is nothing to it.&quot; or &quot;Make nothing of it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is similar to, &quot;De nada.&quot; Which is, &quot;Of nothing&quot;. The English phrase similar to this is: &quot;It is nothing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least this is how I'm rationalizing the Spanish to English context beyond the literal translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps. Happy learning!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16788" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T15:59:07.287" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T15:59:07.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20961" CreationDate="2017-05-18T20:33:52.197" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Éste parece ser un ejemplo de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gramaticas.net/2016/09/ejemplos-de-presente-de-conato.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presente de conato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;presente conativo&lt;/strong&gt;), que expresa &quot;una acción que tendría lugar en el pasado pero que no llegó a realizarse.&quot; No es lo mismo que presente histórico o narrativo. Varias &lt;a href=&quot;http://journals.lub.lu.se/ojs/index.php/rhe/article/view/15495/13992&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gramáticas españolas&lt;/a&gt; lo han reconocido y lo caracterizan por el uso de frases adverbiales como &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;por poco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el presente de conato se expresa una acción que, de haber ocurrido, habría aparecido en pretérito. De la presencia de esos adverbios característicos el oyente deduce que la acción no ocurrió, o no se completó: &lt;em&gt;casi me despacha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por poco me mata del susto&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Hay unas cuantas variantes, pero, me parece, no muchas, y quizá estirando la definición del tiempo verbal: &lt;em&gt;un poco más y se me escapa&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahí lo que dicen los estudiosos. En lo personal yo noto desde siempre que muchas veces hay una vacilación en el uso del presente de conato, debida justamente a que se habla en presente del indicativo de una acción pasada hipotética, que lleva a algunos hablantes a optar por el uso de una negación explícita que, analizada de manera estrictamente lógica junto con el otro adverbio, invierte su sentido: &lt;em&gt;por poco no me caigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;casi no me atropellan&lt;/em&gt;. En realidad la lógica no funciona aquí y la frase significa lo mismo con y sin el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; (!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún punto de este proceso dejamos de tratar con presente de conato; ya que si en vez de &lt;em&gt;por poco&lt;/em&gt; usamos &lt;em&gt;por un pelo&lt;/em&gt; la negación se vuelve obligatoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T07:20:31.593" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T07:20:31.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20968" CreationDate="2017-05-18T21:00:08.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;241 187 179 181 168 167&lt;/strike&gt; 166 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miembros sudados, flojetes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pasta de mami jitada en su suéter,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tenso en calma, ariete&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de bombas y en el éter&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la letra. La basca alborota.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Abre la boca: la voz no brota,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se ahoga. ¿Qué? ¿De chacota?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Bum! El tiempo se agota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;sweater&lt;/em&gt; derivó en el español &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YeanG5Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suéter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La onomatopeya &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6HtJr2q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (para representar el sonido de un golpe o explosión) viene en el diccionario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una de sinónimos desconocidos: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JMIc2ul&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gormar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;vomitar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Espero que &quot;tenso en calma&quot; se entienda como &quot;nervioso con pinta calma&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resulta que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5pavn5E%7C5pby2Zk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bombear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se puede usar como &quot;arrojar o disparar bombas de artillería&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &quot;la letra&quot; para indicar que era lo que estaba intentando recordar, lo &quot;anotado&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J6Kv0TF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gentío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es un sinónimo de &quot;multitud&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AiDpZIq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de &quot;guasa, burla&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me permito una licencia con &quot;fin del juego&quot; para indicar el concepto de que se agota el tiempo (como en &lt;em&gt;game over&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segunda actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aun a costa de arriesgarme a un mayor número de caracteres, he respetado el esquema de rima consonante A-B-A-B-C-C-D-D de la canción original. No he podido evitarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede usar &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; coloquialmente para referirse a las piernas de una persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para poder rimar uso &lt;em&gt;brazo pesado&lt;/em&gt; en singular. Entiendo que el brazo que sostiene el micrófono le pesará más que el otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otra de sinónimos raros y desusados: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MUccdGZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jitar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; por &quot;vomitar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;preparado para bombear&quot; por &quot;armado de bombas&quot;, que refleja la misma idea con menos letras al tiempo que mantiene la rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso del &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H3TdIDM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;éter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &quot;vacío espacial&quot;: las palabras siguen en ninguna parte en concreto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ABjIv2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;basca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;gentío&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tercera actualización:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me dicen que la rima en realidad es A-A-A-A-B-B-B-B. Para conseguir tal rima deberé relajar un poco los primeros versos y hacerlos asonantes, aunque de momento mantengo una rima consonante en los cuatro últimos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O3UwRC1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Malmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; puede significar &quot;poner a alguien en contra de un tercero&quot;. En este caso el símil sería que su brazo se está poniendo en su contra, poniéndole en contra de la situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7xDXeGo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catéter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es un tubo sonda que se introduce en el organismo, se usa aquí como símil del conducto por donde va a ir soltando las bombas al público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8SFHnp3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chacota&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; resulta que rima y describe muy bien la situación: es sinónima de &quot;broma, burla&quot;. Aprovecho para simplificar esa frase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuarta actualización (a la desesperada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=38Lkt7h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apéndices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;extremidades&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a los brazos y las piernas (&quot;parte del cuerpo animal unida o contigua a otra principal&quot;), y se le aplica el adjetivo &quot;flojo&quot; a ambos, en la forma diminutiva &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H3Sohu5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ete&lt;/a&gt; para mantener la rima. A fin de cuentas, si el brazo te pesa es que lo tienes flojo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y ya de paso meto &quot;manos&quot; en la definición de &lt;em&gt;apéndice&lt;/em&gt; y digo que están todos sudados. Ya sé que esto puede ser sintetizar y abstraer demasiado, pero va a ser la única forma de seguir en la competición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quinta actualización (tras comentarios del OP):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;catéter&quot;, que no ha tenido mucha aceptación, por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3YgSmAg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ariete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;máquina militar que se empleaba antiguamente para batir puertas o murallas, consistente en una viga larga y muy pesada&quot;). Mantiene la rima asonante y el grupo &lt;em&gt;-ete-&lt;/em&gt;. Quitamos la idea visual de &quot;bombas &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=are90sf#DMxWR4E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por un tubo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que daba el catéter y plantamos la idea de &quot;soy una máquina de guerra que os va a reventar a bombas&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mantengo la idea del &quot;éter&quot;, pero explico: la palabra &quot;éter&quot; da una sensación poética de &quot;vacío, olvido&quot;. Valga como ejemplo el siguiente texto (negritas mías): &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bárbara sentía su espíritu desprenderse también e incorporarse a aquella reverberación de la tierra en reposo, tan íntimamente ligado a esa tierra, como si le estuviera traspasando en aquellos momentos toda su sangre joven, que huía, que se iba para abajo a teñir las rosas de mañana... La sangre se iba abajo y el espíritu ascendía; ascendía ya sólo atado por aquella vena azul que le temblaba en las sienes... Flotaba ahora aletargado en el &lt;strong&gt;éter&lt;/strong&gt;, ingrávido y libre como una estrella solitaria... De pronto habían desaparecido su fatiga y su impaciencia de un minuto. Tampoco sentía curiosidad, y aunque nada la sujetaba ya al suelo, no pensaba en transponer el umbral de aquella puerta arrancada con fatiga a la tierra y al tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dulce María Loynaz, &quot;Jardín. Novela lírica&quot;, 1935 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sexta actualización (y espero que última):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No sé qué ida de olla me dio con &quot;apéndices&quot;, cuando tenemos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDfN5jE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miembros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con un significado mucho más claro: &quot;cada una de las extremidades del hombre o de los animales articuladas con el tronco&quot;. Y me quito una letra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pequeños retoques:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;mamá&quot; por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O6KVLaO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mami&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para mejorar el ritmo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T10:11:57.800" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T10:11:57.800" CommentCount="12" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-18T21:00:08.980" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31345" CreationDate="2017-05-18T23:28:09.700" Score="4" ViewCount="1311" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I know there's another question about &quot;se&quot;, but I don't understand the answer or know which of the scenarios described refers to this one.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While learning Spanish, I'm supposed to know the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis padres se llaman __ y __.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the word &quot;llaman&quot; is &quot;call&quot;. So, I translate &quot;mis padres llaman __ y __&quot; as &quot;my parents are called _ and _&quot;. What does &quot;se&quot; do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-09-03T16:24:10.740" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T16:24:10.740" Title="Why, in &quot;mis padres se llaman __&quot;, do you need &quot;se&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20978" CreationDate="2017-05-19T01:51:33.257" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; llamo Diego. Mis padres (ellos) &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; llaman __ y __&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; is just the third person pronoun, like &lt;code&gt;me&lt;/code&gt; is the first person pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what is your mother tongue, but since you seem fluent in at least these two (English and Spanish), you are already aware that we say in English &quot;what is your name&quot; while in Spanish we ask &quot;Cómo te llamas?&quot;, and not &quot;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; es tu nombre&quot; which would be the literal transalation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llamarse&lt;/strong&gt; is a pronominal verb, not a reflexive. I have a name, but when I say &quot;Me llamo Diego&quot; I don't mean I call myself nor that I give myself that name. It means &quot;I'm known by this name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;reflexive verb&lt;/a&gt; is that in which who performs the action is also the recipient of the action. A pronominal verb is a special case in which the verbs &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be conjugated with a pronoun. Explaining reflexive and/or pronominal verb might be out of the scope of this question, but please, feel free to ask other questions about it if you need to, or check learning resources about the topic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically we use that grammatical construction in Spanish to say &quot;my/your/his name is&quot; and that construction has a &lt;strong&gt;reflexive pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; is the third person pronoun, which is what you should use for &quot;ellos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; llamo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; llamas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él/ella se llama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros &lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; llamamos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vosotros &lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; llamáis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; llaman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T01:51:33.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20978" CreationDate="2017-05-19T01:53:53.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an important question and a good question.  Here's one use of &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At 8:00, I call my cat to come in and eat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A las 8:00, yo llamo a mi gato a venir a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I call my cat &amp;quot;Crazy&amp;quot; because of his high jumps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces yo llamo a mi gato &amp;quot;Locochón&amp;quot; debido a sus grandes saltos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that's just a silly nickname.  His name is actually Miguelito.  To express that, I'll use &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; with a special pronoun tucked before it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi gato se llama Miguelito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal, word for word translation of this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My cat &lt;em&gt;calls himself&lt;/em&gt; Miguelito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a correct translation of this expression would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My cat's name is Miguelito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what it looks like, in the other conjugations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me llamo&lt;/strong&gt; Samuel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Tú &lt;strong&gt;te llamas&lt;/strong&gt; Samuel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros &lt;strong&gt;nos llamamos&lt;/strong&gt; la Familia Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros (pardon me if I skip this -- we don't use this in Mexico and I believe it might vary from one country to another, I don't want to steer you wrong -- but someone else is welcome to edit my answer and fix this up)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mis padres &lt;strong&gt;se llaman&lt;/strong&gt; Conchita y José Manuel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; make a word for word, literal translation from English and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My parents' names are Daisy and Pablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los nombres de mis padres son Daisy y Pablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and people would understand you; but it would sound a bit awkward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T01:53:53.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20968" CreationDate="2017-05-19T03:30:43.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Version 4 with meter and rhyming&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;159 168 169&lt;/strike&gt; 179&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did what I should have done in the first place -- I listened to (and watched) the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El palmo sudado, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pierna débil, todo pesado &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vomitose, fideo casero &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Agitado... mas en externo &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Calmo y listo a &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tirar bomba, pero olvida &lt;br&gt;&#xA;La letra, la gente grita &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Abre boca, no sale nada &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se ahoga, y la risa &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y la hora se acaba &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each line has a slight pause in the middle.  For example, you would chant the beginning kind of like this (and to make the meter work, you'll kind of gloss over the D in &lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El palmo, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;sudado &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pierna débil, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;to' pesado &lt;br&gt;&#xA;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T01:24:00.167" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-19T03:30:43.227" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20961" CreationDate="2017-05-19T07:39:37.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El concepto de &quot;presente de conato&quot; resulta interesante y creo que va en la buena dirección de reflejar los usos actuales del idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, es cierto que la RAE no recoge ese tiempo verbal. Lo más parecido, si no queremos salirnos de la gramática oficial, sería el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SefbXfWzBHZaBHiz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;presente narrativo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llaman algunos autores PRESENTE NARRATIVO al empleado como recurso estilístico en las narraciones para describir hechos pasados que se desean mostrar como si fueran actuales. El presente narrativo concurre a menudo con otros tiempos del pasado, de forma que destaca entre ellos y otorga mayor viveza a la narración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte y tras ver los ejemplos que da la RAE, estoy de acuerdo en que el supuesto &quot;presente de conato&quot; debería ser un tiempo verbal distinto, que espero que la RAE recoja en alguna revisión de su Gramática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T07:39:37.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19412" CreationDate="2017-05-19T07:57:40.060" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de la expresión es literal. Un cuerno quemándose tiene un olor parecido a cuando se quema el pelo o el vello del brazo; un olor que, al menos para la mayoría de la gente, resulta bastante desagradable (adaptación evolutiva, seguramente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dices: &lt;em&gt;No concibo demasiada gente a mi alrededor que haya olido alguna vez un cuerno que se está quemando&lt;/em&gt;. No hoy en día, desde luego. Pero hace 100, 50 o incluso 30 años era bastante más habitual que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=matanza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matanza&lt;/a&gt; y preparación de los animales para ser cocinados y consumidos se hiciera en los entornos familiares o comunales; con lo cual es de esperar que el olor a &quot;cuerno quemado&quot; fuese reconocido por casi todo el mundo (cuando se estuviese asando un carnero, o chamuscando la piel del cerdo, o similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T07:35:20.043" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:35:20.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20954" CreationDate="2017-05-19T08:03:48.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sufijo &lt;strong&gt;-ada&lt;/strong&gt; tiene, entre otros, los siguientes usos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=0gYeQoM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     1. suf. Forma sustantivos derivados de otros sustantivos que significan conjunto. &lt;em&gt;Fritada, vacada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;     4. suf. Forma sustantivos derivados de otros sustantivos que indican golpe. &lt;em&gt;Palmada, pedrada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se deduce entonces que &quot;cacerolada&quot; es una forma de referirse tanto a que en la manifestación había un conjunto de cacerolas, como al hecho de que las estaban golpeando (para hacer ruido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularmente nunca habia visto referirse a este tipo de actos como &quot;cacerol&lt;strong&gt;azo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, pero tambien es válido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=-azo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-azo, za&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. suf. A veces significa golpe dado con lo designado por la base derivativa. &lt;em&gt;Porrazo, almohadillazo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. suf. En algún caso, señala el golpe dado en lo significado por la base derivativa. &lt;em&gt;Espaldarazo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-09T20:27:40.767" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T20:27:40.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20990" CreationDate="2017-05-19T08:47:54.033" Score="5" ViewCount="391" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;syntactic sugar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%BAcar_sint%C3%A1ctico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;azúcar sintáctico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (tal y como está recogido en la Wikipedia) son los &quot;añadidos a la sintaxis de un lenguaje de programación diseñados para hacer algunas construcciones más fáciles de leer o expresar&quot;, poniendo como símil el propósito de hacer el lenguaje &quot;más dulce&quot;. El ejemplo que estaba mirando justo ahora es la nueva forma de definir clases en JavaScript introducida con ECMAScript 2015:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Rectangle {&#xA;  constructor(height, width) {&#xA;    this.height = height;&#xA;    this.width = width;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí la traducción de &lt;em&gt;azúcar sintáctico&lt;/em&gt; se me antoja un tanto forzada y poco intuitiva, ya que al escucharla no me da la impresión de que se refiera a lo que en realidad se refiere. Como alternativa se me ocurrió &lt;em&gt;atajos sintácticos&lt;/em&gt;, pero resulta que no siempre la mejora es un atajo, ya que a veces hacen las expresiones más largas: en COBOL la expresión &lt;code&gt;MOVE A B&lt;/code&gt; tiene una alternativa que es &lt;code&gt;MOVE A TO B&lt;/code&gt;, donde el &lt;code&gt;TO&lt;/code&gt; es opcional y considerado &lt;em&gt;azúcar sintáctico&lt;/em&gt; porque ayuda a entender la expresión. Así que la siguiente alternativa que se me ocurrió fue &lt;em&gt;ayudas sintácticas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué os parece? ¿Se os ocurre alguna otra alternativa que refleje de forma concisa e intuitiva lo que se intenta definir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T09:08:34.650" Title="¿Cómo se podría mejorar la traducción de &quot;syntactic sugar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20985" CreationDate="2017-05-19T11:20:34.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me decantaría por &quot;Decoración sintáctica&quot;. Es como llenar tu casa de jarrones con flores. Seguiría siendo una casa sin ellos y seguiría cumpliendo su función, pero resulta más acogedora con flores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T11:20:34.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20987" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-19T14:16:50.240" Score="3" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;A ver, voy a explicar un poco de dónde sale esta pregunta no sea que penséis mal de mí, aun a sabiendas de que me puedo estar metiendo en otro de mis famosos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5NIOz0T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;berenjenales&lt;/a&gt;. Hablando con unos colegas sobre ofertas de trabajo uno usó las siglas SM para referirse a un Scrum Master, solo que a mí esas siglas me trajeron a la cabeza la palabra &quot;sadomaso&quot; (cosas que pasan). Así que ya aproveché la coyuntura y me dio por buscar la palabra en el diccionario a ver que ponía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me encuentro con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WyEiqak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sadomasoquismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;sadomasochism&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;sado-&lt;/em&gt; 'sadismo', 'sádico' y &lt;em&gt;masochism&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  'masoquismo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Perversión sexual de quien goza causando y recibiendo humillación y dolor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compruebo que las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WyEEBZ0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sadismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OY59QJu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;masoquismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; también comienzan con &quot;perversión sexual&quot;. Con estas definiciones el DLE me da a entender que está definiendo estas prácticas de forma subjetiva, valorando lo que debería ser una &quot;inclinación&quot; o &quot;preferencia sexual&quot; como una &quot;perversión&quot;. Y ahí es cuando pregunto: ¿realmente definir algo como &quot;perversión&quot; es negativo? ¿Consideráis la palabra &quot;perversión&quot; como peyorativa o como portadora de una carga de subjetividad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que estoy hablando únicamente de las definiciones sobre preferencias sexuales, otra cosa muy distinta son las otras acepciones de las palabras &lt;em&gt;sadismo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;crueldad refinada&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;masoquismo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;complacencia en sentirse humillado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descargo de responsabilidad:&lt;/strong&gt; de verdad que no he practicado el &lt;em&gt;sadomaso&lt;/em&gt; en la vida, es solo que no considero que se pueda llamar &lt;em&gt;perversión&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;a algo que dos (o más) adultos deciden hacer libremente y sin coacción y siempre que no dañen a nadie más (que no sean ellos, claro).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T02:46:15.227" Title="¿Tiene la palabra &quot;perversión&quot; una connotación negativa?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20987" CreationDate="2017-05-19T15:49:41.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto iba para comentario, pero se me quedaba largo, y al final tengo que meter yo también mi propio descargo de responsabilidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que &lt;em&gt;perversión&lt;/em&gt; sí tiene connotaciones negativas. Por definición, la acción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SleUNlE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pervertir&lt;/a&gt;  es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viciar con malas doctrinas o ejemplos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perturbar el orden o estado de las cosas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La calificación de ciertas prácticas sexuales como &lt;em&gt;perversión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HuXMHmC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filia&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rpz3Ty5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parafilia&lt;/a&gt; puede depender ya de muchas otras cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sexo es especialmente  fácil tachar muchas cosas como &amp;quot;desviación&amp;quot;. Atención a &lt;a href=&quot;http://psicopsi.com/diccionario-de-psicologia-letra-P-Perversion-terminos-de-psicologia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; del diccionario de psicología que dice que existe perversión en la homosexualidad por la forma en que define &amp;quot;la norma&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;lo normal&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perversión&lt;/strong&gt;: Desviación con respecto al acto sexual «normal», definido como coito dirigido a obtener el orgasmo por penetración genital, con una persona del sexo opuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice que existe perversión: cuando el orgasmo se obtiene con otros objetos sexuales (homosexualidad, paidofilia, bestialidad, etc.) o por medio de otras zonas corporales (por ejemplo, coito anal); cuando el orgasmo se subordina imperiosamente a ciertas condiciones extrínsecas (fetichismo, transvestismo, voyeurismo y exhibicionismo, sadomasoquismo); éstas pueden incluso proporcionar por sí solas el placer sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí viene mi &lt;strong&gt;descargo de responsabilidad&lt;/strong&gt;, voy a pedir ayuda a alguien en el campo de la psicología (como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20629/5481&quot;&gt;otras veces&lt;/a&gt;) para validad si es cierto que el diccionario de psicología dice eso o no, solo por no incluir algo que no sea cierto en esta entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para contestar tu pregunta &amp;quot;pervertir&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;perversión&amp;quot; sí tienen connotaciones negativas. Si ciertas prácticas son &lt;em&gt;definidas&lt;/em&gt; como tal (&lt;em&gt;perversión&lt;/em&gt; frente a &lt;em&gt;preferencia&lt;/em&gt;, como bien apuntas tú), ya puede depender de muchas cosas (al igual que mi &lt;em&gt;inclinación&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dependencia&lt;/em&gt; a contestar preguntas en este sitio. Cuando es una &amp;quot;cosa&amp;quot; sana&amp;quot; y cuándo tengo un problema? El diccionario recoge &amp;quot;definiciones&amp;quot; pero para juzgar si un comportamiento está dentro de lo &amp;quot;sano&amp;quot; o lo &amp;quot;dañino&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;(auto)destructivo&amp;quot; lo conveniente sería usar otros recursos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización:  Tras consulatar a un psicólogo licenciado este primero descarta la validez de ese &amp;quot;diccionario de psicología&amp;quot; y aclara que &amp;quot;lo normal&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;lo que abunda&amp;quot;. En psicología se define &lt;code&gt;Trastorno&lt;/code&gt; como cualquier conducta que afecta negativamente a a algún área de la vida (laboral, sexual, de salud, familiar...). El sadomasoquismo no es que abunde mucho pero no necesariamente es de forma automática un problema (o conducta negativa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más relevante para esta entrada es una aclaración de que en los manuales de la OMS de enfermedades mentales está el &amp;quot;Trastorno de identidad de género&amp;quot;, no es que sea en sí una enfermedad, pero se incluye porque provoca mucha confusión en quienes lo sufren (Como un &amp;quot;trastorno de ansiedad&amp;quot;. La ansiedad puede ser un mecanismo evolutivo y de supervivencia necesario. Eso no hace a la ansiedad mala, pero en según qué circunstancias se  puede decir que alguien sufre un &amp;quot;trastorno de ansiedad&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que sería objetable decir que el diccionario se &lt;em&gt;excede&lt;/em&gt; en su juicio de valor al tachar el sadomasoquismo como perversión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T02:46:15.227" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20985" CreationDate="2017-05-19T16:54:44.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo voy a continuar por el camino de lo dulce y proponer &lt;em&gt;sintaxis edulcorada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EOMGWoR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Edulcorado, da&lt;/a&gt; ( o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EOOfs0A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;edulcorar&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de un asunto: Mitigado en sus aspectos más desagradables o hirientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Embellecido o mejorado falsamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el aspecto de &amp;quot;embellecido o mejorado&amp;quot; funciona para lo que queremos decir con &amp;quot;azúcar sintáctico&amp;quot;. Estoy un poco en desacuerdo con la parte de &amp;quot;falsamente&amp;quot; en la definición, como si el uso de ciertos recursos para &lt;em&gt;edulcorar&lt;/em&gt; fuera &amp;quot;ilícito&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;deshonesto&amp;quot; frente a los usados para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4gfjmOv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azucarar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, creo que &amp;quot;edulcorado&amp;quot; tiene ciertas connotaciones que no tendríamos con el uso de, por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;embellecido&lt;/code&gt;. A diferencia de lo que ocurre con un &lt;em&gt;pretty print&lt;/em&gt; (que podríamos &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16081/5481&quot;&gt;traducir como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;formato&lt;/strong&gt; embellecido&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;), con el azúcar sintáctico, como bien indicas en el ejemplo, podemos &lt;em&gt;añadir&lt;/em&gt; para mejorar (como se hace al edulcorar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T16:54:44.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20985" CreationDate="2017-05-19T16:55:18.437" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no te importa perder la aliteración, el concepto de dulzor y demás adornos... Una expresión algo más seria, que he visto usar en textos similares, sería «&lt;strong&gt;conveniencia&lt;/strong&gt;»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conveniencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Utilidad, provecho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. comodidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comodidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Cosa necesaria para vivir a gusto y con descanso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Utilidad, interés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La nueva sintaxis para definir clases en Javascript es una &lt;strong&gt;conveniencia&lt;/strong&gt; introducida para hacer el código más legible (por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T16:55:18.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20992" CreationDate="2017-05-19T17:20:39.200" Score="2" ViewCount="1293" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;Odio XXX&quot; y &quot;Odio &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; XXX&quot;?  ¿Hay alguna regla para identificar el uso más correcto?  Supongo que la misma pregunta también se aplica a otros verbos como &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16794" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T20:57:41.587" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T20:57:41.587" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;odiar&quot; y &quot;odiar a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20991" CreationDate="2017-05-19T17:25:03.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, cuando usas &lt;code&gt;odio a&lt;/code&gt; se refiere a personas o animales, y con &lt;code&gt;odio&lt;/code&gt; solamente, se refiere a objetos, en esta calificación entraría todo lo demás, como acciones. &lt;code&gt;Ej. Odio comer, odio ir a la panadería,etc&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agregando un poco más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Odio ese sofá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Odio a ese niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; se usa con personas y no con objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16718" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T00:28:48.107" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20994" CreationDate="2017-05-19T21:06:34.737" Score="4" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contexto: Está hablando sobre los volcanes cercanos y el peligro inmenente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso explica que mi abuela chilena &lt;strong&gt;espere&lt;/strong&gt; siempre lo peor, &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  preparada para emergencias y &lt;strong&gt;ande&lt;/strong&gt; por la vida con un sano fatalismo,&#xA;  apoyada por algunos santos católicos de su preferencia y por los vagos&#xA;  consejos del horóscopo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No cabe duda que no cabe duda aquí. ¿Por qué el subjunctivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T13:19:12.857" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T13:19:12.857" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjunctivo cuando la frase empieza con &quot;Eso explica que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20993" CreationDate="2017-05-19T22:22:26.743" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un viejo hilo de un foro encuentro precisamente &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/explicar-indicativo-subjuntivo.2771446/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. Las respuestas que se dan provienen de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (NGLE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muy pocas palabras, &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt; aquí tiene valor de &lt;em&gt;justificar&lt;/em&gt;, y las subordinadas encabezadas por este verbo y otros similares van en subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más abajo la explicación completa del razonamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la NGLE por un lado se constata el hecho de que &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt; pueda disparar un uso de subjuntivo en una subordinada: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NGLE, §25.4q «[...] &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;garantizar&lt;/em&gt; y otros verbos similares&#xA;  se construyen con complementos en indicativo. [...] sin embargo, que&#xA;  cuando presentan sujetos no personales suelen utilizarse en&#xA;  subjuntivo, con lo que se obtienen contrastes como &lt;em&gt;El maestro te ha&#xA;  explicado que las cosas no son como tú pensabas&lt;/em&gt;, con indicativo ~&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Eso explica que las cosas no sean como tú piensas&lt;/em&gt;, con subjuntivo.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante se vuelve a recurrir a la NGLE (el resaltado es mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;§25.3ñ «Eligen también el subjuntivo los predicados que denotan CAUSA&#xA;  de algo. Entre los sustantivos cabe señalar &lt;em&gt;causa, culpa,&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;explicación&lt;/strong&gt;, justificación, motivo, origen, razón&lt;/em&gt;…»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y finalmente, volviendo al primer apartado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nótese que los dos usos de &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt; que se han mostrado coinciden en&#xA;  tener el significado de 'presentar explicaciones', por lo que no&#xA;  parece que la alternancia constituya exactamente un caso de homonimia.&#xA;  No obstante, solo en uno de ellos se asimila este verbo a los&#xA;  predicados de lengua o de comunicación mencionados antes. Se vio en&#xA;  los &lt;strong&gt;25.3ñ,o&lt;/strong&gt; que los que introducen la causa o la razón de algo&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;justificar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;probar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) se construyen en subjuntivo. &lt;strong&gt;Cabe&#xA;  entender, por tanto, que el deslizamiento de una noción a la otra&#xA;  (aproximadamente, ASERCIÓN --&gt; JUSTIFICACIÓN) pueda tener alguna&#xA;  influencia en el cambio de modo que ponen de manifiesto estos&#xA;  predicados.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasando en limpio: el subjuntivo se utiliza para expresar justificaciones o razones, y no es difícil extender esa idea a la de explicación. Las siguientes frases son después de todo equivalentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ésa es la causa de que mi abuela chilena espere siempre lo peor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso justifica que mi abuela chilena espere siempre lo peor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ésa es la razón de que mi abuela chilena espere siempre lo peor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso explica que mi abuela chilena espere siempre lo peor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí podríamos preguntarnos por qué se usa el subjuntivo en todos estos casos, pero en realidad allí ya entramos en un terreno más difícil. Hay construcciones que sintácticamente hacen obligatorio el subjuntivo y no tiene sentido preguntarse por qué. Pero que exista un patrón bastante consistente de uso del subjuntivo en subordinadas que expresan causa o justificación es una especie de explicación: lo que vemos como una anomalía es en realidad una regla que se extiende a muchos otros verbos y predicados, y que toca a &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt; cuando tiene la connotación de &lt;em&gt;justificar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando fuentes para esto me crucé con varios ensayos sobre la enseñanza del subjuntivo a personas de otras lenguas, como el inglés, que no tienen este modo verbal, y los mismos coinciden en que enseñarlo como básicamente &quot;el modo de lo irreal o hipotético&quot; suele frustrar a los alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a eso, y a riesgo de motivar otra pregunta más, en ningún lado queda más claro que el subjuntivo no es &quot;el modo de lo hipotético&quot; que en su uso (alternando con el indicativo) en la frase &lt;em&gt;el hecho de que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T22:22:26.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20995" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-20T15:40:00.743" Score="3" ViewCount="1957" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDN_eoPVQdY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDN_eoPVQdY&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please skip to 3:37 and take a look at how the s at the end of estamos(h) and entendais(h) are little bit different from the English s. It seems like in-between s and sh sound. I do not know if this is common in Spain or if this person is exaggerating. Is this the standard Castilian Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone could also give me a link to a good website that clearly explains anything related specifically to this stuff, I'd be appreciated because I could not find much about this 'sh' in the Castilian Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16493" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T20:26:45.583" Title="The Castilian Spanish S pronounced as (kind of) Sh" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20999" CreationDate="2017-05-20T18:24:36.380" Score="2" ViewCount="2148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré esta palabra mientras estaba leyendo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2766862-instrucciones-para-vivir-en-m-xico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Instrucciones para Vivir en Mexico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; por Jorge Ibarguengoitia (una colección de artículos escritos para el periodico &lt;em&gt;Excelsior&lt;/em&gt; entre 1969 a 1976), y no la entiendo, ni tampoco su explicación del significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se usa &lt;strong&gt;madruguete&lt;/strong&gt; actualmente en Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ibarguengoitia la usa describir el &amp;quot;precandidato&amp;quot; que se suspecha ser el &amp;quot;tapado&amp;quot; o el &amp;quot;verdadero gallo,&amp;quot; eligido por un puesto alto por los lideres del PRI, pero en realidad no es. Una persona que se despierta demasiado temprano es un buen analogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería buena la traducción &amp;quot;early-riser&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo nunca había oído o leído esta palabra. Al tratar de adivinar su significado, me ecuentro con tres o cuatro alternativas irreductibles. Son éstas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando hay varios que creen ser el tapado, y uno de ellos, que sabe que es el verdadero gallo--porque se lo han dicho de arriba--, se adelanta--es decir, de madruguete--y hace que sus adeptos salgan a la calle con mantas y hagan circular volantes que digan 'clamor popular po Fulano.' (pg. 173)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Madruguete también puede ser cuando hay varios que creen ser el tapado y otro, que sabe que no lo es, se adelanta--otra vez mantas y volantes--a ver si pega. Puede ocurrir que el centro, temeroso de que se note que lo agarraron cojeando, dé por buenos los telegramas y apoye la precandidatura del madrugador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al tapado que no es en realidad el tapado, porque le cae mal a uno que esta muy arriba, lo proponen las organizaciones antes de tiempo, por ordenes expresas del centro. En este case, el madruguete occure cuando el mismo centro dice: 'este es madruguete, porque todavia ni sale la convocatoria'. El tapado es el quemado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16647" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T05:32:44.070" Title="¿Qué significa madruguete?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20996" CreationDate="2017-05-20T20:16:41.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré algo en el diccionario de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/translate/spanish-english/madruguete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford&lt;/a&gt; que no me ayudó mucho porque es súper británica la traducción (y yo no entiendo siempre esa versión del inglés): &amp;quot;le tendieron / hicieron un madruguete — they stole a march on him.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego encontré algo mejor, en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://swearindf.blogspot.com/2008/03/madruguete.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;quot;Effective Swearing in D.F.: Towards a Manual of Communication for English Speakers visiting Mexico City&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Al que madruga, Dios le ayuda&amp;quot; (God helps those who get up early). Madrugada is the time after midnight and before sunrise. &lt;strong&gt;Madrugar&lt;/strong&gt; in its intransitive form means to get up at that time, an activity that is seen in Mexico as a sign of will power, righteousness and good spirit. However, when madrugar is used in a transitive way, i.e. madrugar a alguien, it means to take advantage of that person but moving fast and stealthily. Madruguete is a furtive action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pancho: &amp;quot;Mi primo es muy madrugador.&amp;quot; (My cousin is an early riser.)&#xA;Poncho: &amp;quot;¡Sí, ya me dijeron que te dio baje con la gordita de la tienda! ¡Qué &lt;strong&gt;madruguete&lt;/strong&gt;!&amp;quot; (Indeed! I heard he moved faster than you with the corner store clerk! You didn't even see it coming!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que &amp;quot;You didn't even see it coming!&amp;quot; (No te lo esperabas, es decir, no tenías la menor idea que esto es lo que iba a pasar) es la parte importante.  Encontré un montón de artículos de periódico que usan este termino, y lo que tienen en común es que alguien se queja o señala con cierta admiración alguna acción política que utilizó el elemento de sorpresa para una maniobra o una declaración a la prensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que hay un elemento de &lt;em&gt;emboscada&lt;/em&gt; o ataque de sorpresa.  Parece que la sorpresa pega todo de pronto temprano por la mañana, ya sea literal or figurativamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es una maniobra, una jugada sorpresiva, en algún conflicto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T20:28:11.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="82" CreationDate="2017-05-20T21:29:09.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Linguee indicates (in the list of examples)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rendir cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;obligación de rendir cuentas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=accountability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;, I tried to freehand something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cumplir con los requisitos de documentación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New idea.  For &amp;quot;Accountability is important when overcoming addiction,&amp;quot; we could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al recuperarse de la adicción, es importante ser &lt;strong&gt;consecuente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-24T08:39:13.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20803" CreationDate="2017-05-20T23:11:46.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En línea con el atinado paralelo que Carlos Alejo ha hecho con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18442/cu%C3%A1ndo-adquiri%C3%B3-la-locuci%C3%B3n-adverbial-en-la-vida-un-sentido-negativo&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que yo mismo respondí hace un tiempo, no creo que haya habido una transformación por la cual &quot;en absoluto&quot; haya adquirido un sentido negativo. En realidad, la acepción correcta de esa locución adverbial es la segunda que menciona el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;En absoluto: loc. adv. No, de ningún modo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La principal diferencia que observo con la frase &quot;en la vida&quot; es que &quot;en absoluto&quot; sólo es negativa &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; cuando se utiliza sola (por lo menos, en el habla corriente). De lo contrario, siempre estará acompañada por un negativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; me estoy burlando &lt;strong&gt;en absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T23:11:46.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20995" CreationDate="2017-05-21T15:00:36.617" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phonetic realization of /s/ that you're hearing is the apical S that is common in central and northern Spain (as per the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/7030/14627&quot;&gt;answer by @guifa&lt;/a&gt; already cited in the comments), although it can also be found in some places in America (Bolivia and Peru). Apical refers to the apex, or tip, of the tongue, which goes near the alveoli (the spaces in the mouth right behind the teeth) as the sound is being produced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most other places, /s/ is laminal or dorsal: it's the blade, the upper part of the main body of the tongue which closes in on the alveoli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between apical and dorsal /s/ is a matter of dialectal phonetics. People who use the different versions will understand each other without a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common realization of /s/, usually found when /s/ ends a syllable and another consonant follows, is as an aspirated sound, [h] as in English, or some other guttural realization such as [χ] (uvular fricative). This is a totally different matter, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T15:00:36.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21006" CreationDate="2017-05-21T15:39:20.513" Score="4" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the below sentence, I am trying to confirm my understanding of how &lt;strong&gt;bendito&lt;/strong&gt; is being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Estoy muy halagado, muy feliz de que me hayan tomado en cuenta,&quot; dice Romeo Santos, &lt;strong&gt;bendito&lt;/strong&gt; entre todas las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to say that using &lt;strong&gt;bendito&lt;/strong&gt; is a play off of the surname &lt;em&gt;Santos&lt;/em&gt;, but is there also the possibility of describing how lucky this gentleman is in having the opportunity to be photographed with six beautiful women for the cover of a magazine, the context of the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T17:57:25.077" Title="Connotation of bendito in &quot;...dice Romeo Santos, bendito entre todas las mujeres.&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21003" CreationDate="2017-05-21T15:52:30.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;bendito&quot; no hace referencia de ninguna forma al nombre de la persona (Romero Santos), sin embargo, acertaste en tu segunda proposición, en este caso se usa para decir que la persona es afortunada por estar rodeada de muchas mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16677" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T15:52:30.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21003" CreationDate="2017-05-21T17:57:25.077" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;“Bendito entre todas las mujeres” is a play on the well-known phrase of the Hail Mary prayer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hail Mary, full of grace,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  the Lord is with thee;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;blessed art thou amongst women,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Of course, in Spanish the prayer says &lt;em&gt;“Bendita entre todas las mujeres”&lt;/em&gt;, with &lt;em&gt;bendita&lt;/em&gt; in the feminine.) It is often employed as a joke when a man is found in a gathering otherwise consisting of women only. It can be employed by the man himself or someone else, but always in a playful way. It sometimes suggests that the presence of a man is unexpected in such gatherings because of usual gender roles and customs.  It actually says nothing about the women themselves (whether they're beautiful, or charming, or welcoming), or about how the man feels. It merely points out that the odd one out in an all-women gathering is the man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, yesterday I found myself for a while &lt;em&gt;bendito entre todas las mujeres&lt;/em&gt; in a booklet binding workshop (until another man arrived). And in an administrative office where I worked, I was frequently pointed out as &lt;em&gt;bendito entre todas las mujeres&lt;/em&gt; because I had no male colleagues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T17:57:25.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2017-05-21T22:06:16.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Ésta es una pregunta vieja pero nadie la ha respondido con claridad y es interesante, así que ahí voy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para empezar: el &lt;em&gt;vayas&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;no te vayas&lt;/em&gt; no es el mismo que el de &lt;em&gt;no te vayas a ir&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;em&gt;vayas&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;no te vayas&lt;/em&gt; se corresponde con el &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;no te vayas a ir&lt;/em&gt;. En efecto, la misma construcción se puede emplear con cualquier otro verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No te vayas a caer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le vayas a decir nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se vaya usted a confundir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No vaya el señor a creer que yo soy así todo el tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción es un imperativo negativo, que toma la forma de adverbio de negación + subjuntivo de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, seguido por &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; + verbo en infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo puede denotar acción voluntaria o involuntaria. En un imperativo simple también puede darse esto, por supuesto (&lt;em&gt;no te caigas&lt;/em&gt;). Sin embargo en esta construcción parece que hay un elemento de voluntad o de atención extra que se le exige al sujeto, y quizá también un anticipo de falta de confianza en que se cumpla la orden, que no siempre aparece claramente en un imperativo simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No te vayas a caer&lt;/em&gt; no sólo advierte sino que indica la necesidad de poner atención, incluso aunque no esté precedido de algo como &lt;em&gt;Ten cuidado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Mira bien dónde pisas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se vaya usted a confundir&lt;/em&gt; es a la vez menos fuerte y más exigente que &lt;em&gt;No se confunda usted&lt;/em&gt;: no es una amenaza sino un pedido al otro de pensar muy bien antes de formarse una opinión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le vayas a decir nada&lt;/em&gt; implica desconfianza en la capacidad del otro para guardar un secreto y refuerza la necesidad de guardarlo, cosa que no aparece en la orden simple &lt;em&gt;No le digas nada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una inseguridad y una necesidad de refuerzo del imperativo en esta forma &lt;em&gt;no-vaya-X-a-hacer-Y&lt;/em&gt; que no se encuentra en el imperativo negativo simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si esto es así, pero a mí me parece que hay una relación entre esta forma y la del &lt;strong&gt;futuro de conjetura&lt;/strong&gt;, que es el que usa el futuro simple del indicativo como expresión de hipótesis. Obsérvese que en vez del imperativo se podría usar una forma así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le irás a decir nada, ¿verdad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No irá el señor a creer eso de mí, ¿no?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que según el tono y el contexto puede ser más tentativa y suave, o más perentoria o condescendiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T22:06:16.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21012" CreationDate="2017-05-22T02:55:30.210" Score="3" ViewCount="1601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot find a translation for &lt;em&gt;pachongón&lt;/em&gt;. I have conducted a web search, the extent of my resources on a Sunday night, and haven't had any luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The contextual sentence is from a recent issue of People en Español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú podrás ser parte del pachangón de “Los 100 más bellos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="13790" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T02:27:51.750" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:16:03.827" Title="Meaning of &quot;pachongón&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21011" CreationDate="2017-05-22T03:15:01.830" Score="3" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following sentence is taken from a Spanish course I'm taking at www.lingq.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizás podría ustedes conocerse un poco. &lt;sub&gt; Perhaps you could know each other a little &lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject (ustedes) is plural. So why is poder not conjugated to third person plural (podrían)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a mistake in the course?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T17:41:57.690" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T17:41:57.690" Title="Subject-Verb agreement - shouldn't 'ustedes' always be mapped to 'podrían' and not 'podría'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21010" CreationDate="2017-05-22T04:04:10.803" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It must be a mistake. That &quot;podría&quot; must be missing an &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizás podría&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; ustedes conocerse un poco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right. &lt;code&gt;Usted&lt;/code&gt; uses the conjugation of a third person form in spite of being used to address a &quot;second person&quot; (like &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;), so in this case the right form is &lt;em&gt;podrían&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;podría&lt;/em&gt; (nor &lt;em&gt;podrías&lt;/em&gt; (tú) or &lt;em&gt;podríais&lt;/em&gt; (vosotros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T06:16:07.690" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T06:16:07.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21009" CreationDate="2017-05-22T11:13:54.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=pachong%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google search for the word&lt;/a&gt; turns out just two results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo estoy ya lista fresquita y bien arregladita lista para el pachongón&lt;/code&gt;, where it is used in the sense pointed to by CarlosAlejo's comment: &lt;strong&gt;a degradation of&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pachang%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pachangón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as superlative of &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt;. Actually, the term &lt;em&gt;pachangón&lt;/em&gt; is correctly used later in that text to talk about the same event.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;A cual más gordito, mas tranquilo y mas &quot;croquetoso&quot; que ya con oir mi voz me hacen la rosca en la cuna ..... sin duda han salido al pachongón del padre&lt;/code&gt;, where it seems to be used as &lt;strong&gt;superlative of&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=pach%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pachón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, it doesn't seem to be an extended word, nor one recognized by any dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need a translation, based on context you could use &quot;big party&quot; for the first scenario. The second scenario is trickier; you could maybe use &quot;dull&quot;, &quot;plump&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T11:13:54.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-22T11:30:53.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Allow me to add another answer, as I have just read something in the RAE web that made me remember this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking for the plural form of &lt;em&gt;CD&lt;/em&gt;, and you can find this in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como corresponde a las siglas, se escribe con letras mayúsculas y, en la lengua escrita, es invariable en plural, aunque oralmente sí suele añadirse la /s/ de plural ([sedés, zedés]): &lt;em&gt;«Localizó uno de los CD que quería poner»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Época&lt;/em&gt; [Esp.] 11.8.97). &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=cd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dictionary contains an entry for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DsNNHd9#4fn84gH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disco compacto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but also for the abbreviated version &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=846shPv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CD&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which is invariable in plural, but as the acronym is read &lt;code&gt;/zedé/&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;/sedé/&lt;/code&gt;, in plural even the RAE recognises you can read it as &lt;code&gt;/zedés/&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;/sedés/&lt;/code&gt;, even though you cannot write &quot;CDs&quot;. So it can be thought of as another word that is not read as it is written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T11:30:53.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20968" CreationDate="2017-05-23T04:54:25.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;307 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sus manos sudadas, débiles rodillas, brazos pesados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya tiene vómito del espagueti de mama en el suéter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene nervioso pero parece por fuera tranquilo y listo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para sobresaltar pero se le sigue olvidando lo que escribió&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El público hace tanto ruido. Él abre la boca pero no salen las palabras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tartamudea. Todos bromean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se acaba la hora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no más tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blaou&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T17:21:17.043" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T17:21:17.043" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-23T04:54:25.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21017" CreationDate="2017-05-23T05:20:20.417" Score="0" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si los billetes de un espectáculo se acabaron, esto no va a cambiar. ¿Entonces por qué el uso de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/are+sold+out&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;? ¿Constara un nativo si yo dijera &quot;son agotados&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T06:55:36.310" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:04:25.383" Title="¿Por qué se usan &quot;están agotados&quot; y &quot;están vendidos&quot; en lugar de &quot;son agotados&quot; y &quot;son vendidos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-24T06:10:52.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21016" CreationDate="2017-05-23T06:35:24.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, cuando una cualidad expresa uno de los posibles estados por los que puede pasar algo usamos el verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, incluso si ese estado es el final. Por ese motivo decimos &lt;em&gt;está vivo&lt;/em&gt;, pero también &lt;em&gt;está muerto&lt;/em&gt;, pese a que este es ya el estado final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la pregunta, los billetes pueden estar disponibles y luego pasan a estar agotados; aunque este último ya es un estado final (dejemos de lado la posibilidad de que haya devoluciones o ampliaciones de aforo), utilizamos el verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más que la posibilidad de cambio, lo que indica el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; es que la cualidad se considere intrínseca o no. Por ejemplo, diríamos &lt;em&gt;este coche es verde&lt;/em&gt;, pese a que nadie me impide pintarlo de rojo más tarde. Pero el color es una cualidad propia del objeto, no un estado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: puedo decir &lt;em&gt;la estatería es muy alta&lt;/em&gt;, pero de un objeto situado en el estante superior diría que &lt;em&gt;está muy alto&lt;/em&gt;; la altura es una cualidad intrínseca de la estantería, pero para el objeto es un estado (podríamos ponerlo en otro lugar más bajo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T06:35:24.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21016" CreationDate="2017-05-23T07:04:25.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación de Gorpik es cierta, pero no creo que sea la más adecuada para esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que existen &quot;dos tipos de pasiva&quot;: la de proceso y la de resultado. (Aviso: si nos ponemos filológicos perdidos esto quizá no es muy exacto, pero es así como se suele explicar a los estudiantes de ELE.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La de proceso es la pasiva que hemos aprendido de toda la vida, y se forma con &quot;ser&quot;. La de resultado expresa, lógicamente, el resultado, y se forma con &quot;estar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las expresiones que mencionas son claros ejemplos de pasiva de resultado: los billetes han sido vendidos (proceso) y, como resultado, ahora están vendidos, están agotados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:04:25.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-23T13:49:20.100" Score="8" ViewCount="5787" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tirarse el rollo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión viene a significar &amp;quot;hacerle un favor a alguien&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El profe de matemáticas se &lt;em&gt;tiró el rollo&lt;/em&gt; y me ha aprobado con un 4.9&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto se &lt;em&gt;tiró el rollo&lt;/em&gt; y nos invitó a todos a unas cañas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anda, &lt;em&gt;tírate el rollo&lt;/em&gt; y hazme este favorcito, que no te cuesta nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?rollo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de rollo&lt;/a&gt; o en los usos de algunas palabras derivadas de esta, como &lt;em&gt;arrollar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;desenrollar&lt;/em&gt; sugieren la idea de &amp;quot;hacer un favor&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, estoy seguro de que relacionada con esta expresión está el coloquialismo &lt;em&gt;enrollarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FaO1IdN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;enrollar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Convencer a alguien para que haga algo, liar. &lt;em&gt;Enrolló a su padre para que le comprara la moto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué decimos que alguien &lt;em&gt;se tira el rollo&lt;/em&gt; (o es un &lt;em&gt;enrollado&lt;/em&gt;) cuando nos hace un favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-21T00:05:41.623" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;tirarse el rollo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18292" CreationDate="2017-05-23T18:40:19.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tienen nada que ver con Prim. La frase se origina en los años 40 con el comediante puertorriqueño Ramón Del Rivero (Diplo). &amp;quot;Plin&amp;quot; era un postre similar al flan de hoy día. En una película un mozo de restaurante le pregunta a Diplo qué querían de postre. Él contesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí plin y a la Madama dulce de coco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es una versión, la otra es que Diplo quiso decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí cualquier cosa y a la Dama dulce de coco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si tienen otra explicación, ¡a mí, plin!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16819" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-05T09:13:59.410" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T09:13:59.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-24T02:48:13.097" Score="5" ViewCount="5800" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi abuela, que en paz descanse, siempre me decía varias expresiones curiosas de su pueblo (fue del sur de Chihuahua, México).  Entre ellas, hay una que siempre me confundía: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Uh que la canción!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me hace que la usaba para decir algo como &quot;¡Qué barbaridad!&quot;, es decir, para expresar un disgusto con la situación con que se encuentre.  Pero nunca he encontrado el origen de esta expresión. ¿Hay alguien que me puede explicar por qué se dice así en este contexto?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="855" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T13:16:51.653" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T20:37:18.583" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;¡Uh que la canción!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21024" CreationDate="2017-05-24T05:15:29.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi tía también la decía mucho.  Solo que ella la utilizaba cuando volvía a ocurrir algo que le molestaba. Cómo las canciones suelen repetir un verso le ocurría lo que le molestaba otra vez. Es como esa de &quot;otra vez la burra al trigo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16825" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T05:15:29.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21024" CreationDate="2017-05-24T05:29:53.583" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un eufemismo para evitar decir una grosería. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A que la chin... canción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión de hastío por una situación que no se debería repetir pero vuelve a pasar. Como una canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="258" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T20:44:24.877" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T20:44:24.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21028" CreationDate="2017-05-24T07:23:22.547" Score="7" ViewCount="549" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día la se considera a la letra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c6rWX57&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;X&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como la &quot;vigésimoquinta letra del alfabeto español&quot;. Pero no siempre ha tenido esa definición. Por ejemplo, en 1884 era la &quot;vigésima sexta letra del abecedario castellano y vigésima primera de sus consonantes&quot;. Y en 1852 era la &quot;vigésima quinta letra de nuestro alfabeto y decimanona de las consonantes&quot; (vamos cambiando los órdenes). Pero en esta versión, y ya en todas las anteriores hasta Covarrubias en 1611, se añadía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una de las semivocales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día se conoce una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XYiTATS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;semivocal&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fon.&lt;/em&gt; Tradicionalmente, dicho de un sonido vocálico: Que aparece tras la vocal silábica en los diptongos y triptongos; p. ej., la /i/ en aire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este concepto de &lt;em&gt;semivocal&lt;/em&gt; no parece encajar con el hecho de que la X fuera considerada una letra semivocal. ¿Por qué hasta 1852 se consideró a la letra X una semivocal? ¿Difería el concepto de &lt;em&gt;semivocal&lt;/em&gt; por aquel entonces del que tenemos ahora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T08:47:41.847" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T08:51:33.150" Title="¿Por qué antiguamente se consideraba a la letra X una semivocal? ¿Qué era una semivocal entonces?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21027" CreationDate="2017-05-24T08:31:47.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=4TxpAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;hl=es#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Castellana, edición de 1783&lt;/a&gt;, se usa &amp;quot;semivocal&amp;quot; para hablar, por lo que leo, de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=4TxpAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA474&amp;amp;lpg=PA474&amp;amp;dq=covarrubias%20semivocal&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=QLSnxJxnat&amp;amp;sig=U7EcFZ3iID641s3ebURrhrGXrSY&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj8vaC3iojUAhUHtxQKHRd1CsAQ6AEIPDAF#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=semivocal&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cualquier consonante cuyo nombre empiece por vocal&lt;/a&gt;: la R (&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;re), la F (&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;fe), la L (&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;le)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;: Es letra semivocal por razón de sonar la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; al principio y al fin; aunque Covarrúbias la pone entre las mudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L&lt;/strong&gt;: Es letra semivocal, porque su pronunciación empieza por vocal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt;: Es letra semivocal, porque su pronunciación empieza y acaba en vocal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo aplicaría entonces para la X (&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;quis), aunque no sean tan explícitos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;: Es semivocal, y tomada de los latinos, entre los quales tenia el valor de dos consonantes; y unas veces fuerza de &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, y otras de &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, como buen diccionario, contiene la definición de &amp;quot;semivocal&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=4TxpAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA474&amp;amp;ots=QLSnxJxnat&amp;amp;dq=covarrubias%20semivocal&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA847#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SEMIVOCAL&lt;/a&gt; adj. que se aplica á la letra, que su pronunciación empieza con vocal, y aunque no constituya sílaba con otra consonante, tiene por sí un muy claro sonido. Las letras semivocales son seis F. L. M. N. R. S. &lt;em&gt;Semivocalis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No incluyen la equis, a pesar de lo anterior. Pero la regla de empezar por vocal, sí que aplica. Será una errata ^_^&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Curioso que por aquel entonces se usase el punto y seguido para las enumeraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T08:51:33.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21029" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-24T15:56:46.730" Score="3" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna diferencia en estas dos aseveraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De saber, te diría. / De saberlo, te lo diría&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si supiera, te diría. / Si lo supiera, te lo diría&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, esta forma se conoce como &lt;em&gt;inversion,&lt;/em&gt; y su propósito es de mostrar énfasis en la construcción condicional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Were I to know, I'd tell you. (En vez de decir &lt;em&gt;if I knew...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Had I known, I would've told you. (En vez de decir &lt;em&gt;if I had known....&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T23:30:24.027" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T23:30:24.027" Title="Condiciones: de saber vs. si supiera" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20934" CreationDate="2017-05-24T19:22:10.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that I could also  add a very interesting example on this matter. It clearly separates Peninsular Spanish  users from us, American users of the language. I refer to the combination -tl- in words like Atlántico or atleta.&#xA;In Spain you may always hear the words pronounced like. At-lántico or at-leta and if I'm not mistaken,on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean; &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; of us &quot;liquify&quot; this combination in -tl- and we say.Atl-ántico and atl-eta. Even though,both variations can be perfectly understood by both groups of users of this almost totally phonetic language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16830" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T19:22:10.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20625" CreationDate="2017-05-24T21:02:00.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta parece ser: no existe una palabra para denominar a los países de Suramérica donde se habla español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &quot;más de una&quot; palabra sería posible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Países suramericanos de habla hispana/española.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suramérica menos las Guyanas y Brasil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siendo obviamente la primera opción la mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;O podríamos popularizar este &quot;invento&quot;: surhispanoamérica&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T06:17:09.400" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:17:09.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21029" CreationDate="2017-05-25T02:55:06.890" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el punto 26.5.4b del Manual de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española (NGLE), encontramos esta descripción de la estructura formada por &quot;de&quot; + infinitivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;26.5.4b.&lt;/strong&gt; La combinación &quot;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo&quot; (en la que &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; se acerca más a una conjunción que a una preposición) suele tener valor condicional: &lt;em&gt;De no ser así quién sabe lo que hubiera pasado [...]; De haberlo sabido, estos años habrían sido más fáciles para mí [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi búsqueda estaba en realidad orientada a confirmar por qué la oración (1) me sonaba mal, y creo que el motivo radica en la falta de un pronombre. Así como en el ejemplo de la NGLE encontramos &quot;De haber&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; sabido...&quot;, creo que -- para ser correcta -- la oración (1) debería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De saber&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;, te lo diría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi conclusión es que el verbo conjugado en (2) permite la omisión del objeto directo (OD) aunque &quot;saber&quot; es transitivo (en realidad, ese verbo parece compartir el OD con el verbo principal: te &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; diría). En cambio, el infinitivo en (1) no permite el préstamo del OD del verbo principal, y requiere uno propio. Veamos otros ejemplos con verbos intransitivos y transitivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Intransitivos: &lt;em&gt;De ir, iría solo&lt;/em&gt; (en caso de ir, iría solo) / &lt;em&gt;De estudiar, estudiaría música&lt;/em&gt; (si quisiera/decidiera estudiar, estudiaría música).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Transitivos: &lt;em&gt;De necesitar&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;, pídela en la recepción&lt;/em&gt; (si la necesitas, pídela en la recepción) / &lt;em&gt;De comer&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;, hazlo con cuidado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a la pregunta, ambas oraciones -- hecha la corrección indicada en (1) -- son equivalentes. No obstante, la estructura (2) parece mucho más versátil que la (1), ya que no cualquier condicional puede fácilmente convertirse en una frase preposicional con &quot;de&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T02:55:06.890" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21009" CreationDate="2017-05-25T04:29:20.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case it means just 'party'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like: you can be part of the party&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16835" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T06:16:03.827" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:16:03.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20948" CreationDate="2017-05-25T04:34:11.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suministrar&lt;/em&gt; se usa mas cuando una persona ejecuta la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abastecer&lt;/em&gt; se puede usar siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16835" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T06:18:45.630" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:18:45.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21035" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T07:32:37.300" Score="17" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta hace relativamente poco, la RAE lo tenía fácil para consultar textos escritos en los que basarse para construir su diccionario. Bastaba con irse a la librería, biblioteca o quioscos más cercanos (es un decir) y ponerse a leer libros o (más recientemente) prensa. Sin embargo, con los tiempos modernos y la llegada sobre todo de Internet, la velocidad a la que cambia el idioma ha crecido exponencialmente, y la difusión de textos escritos ya no se para ahí, sino que existen multitud de páginas en Internet que, quiera la RAE o no, también definen nuestro lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, está claro que no es lo mismo leer el blog de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perezreverte.com/prensa/patentes-corso/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Patente de corso&lt;/a&gt; de Pérez-Reverte que la última discusión de Forocoches o Taringa. No estoy diciendo que uno sea más válido que el otro, solo que cada uno define su propia versión del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahí es donde me entra la duda: ¿pone la RAE alguna raya imaginaria a la hora de consultar textos en Internet? Que consulta Internet es un hecho, porque en los corpus más recientes se incluyen textos extraídos de Internet. Por ejemplo, accediendo a la consulta del &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES XXI&lt;/a&gt;, pulsando el botón &quot;+Subcorpus&quot; se puede seleccionar &quot;Soporte: Internet&quot;, y luego en la tipología salen las secciones &quot;Blog&quot;, &quot;Mensaje de correo electrónico&quot;, &quot;Mensaje en redes sociales&quot; y &quot;Página electrónica&quot; entre otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, de todo Internet, ¿qué consulta? ¿Todos los documentos que encuentra, o una selección según determinados criterios? Ahí es donde voy: en caso de que la RAE ponga límites a la hora de consultar textos por Internet, ¿qué criterios sigue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-05-10T14:52:44.873" Title="¿Tiene la RAE algún criterio a la hora de consultar textos en Internet para dar forma a su diccionario?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21038" CreationDate="2017-05-25T10:59:19.733" Score="6" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my book 'Gramática de uso del Español C1-C2', unit 71 is dedicated to &lt;code&gt;infinitivo&lt;/code&gt;, and there are two sentences using &lt;code&gt;infinitivo compuesto&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No queréis ir? &lt;strong&gt;Haberlo pensado&lt;/strong&gt; antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que estás cansado? &lt;strong&gt;Haber descansado&lt;/strong&gt; cuando pudiste antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it seems it is used to express something which should have happened/been done in the past, but hasn't. What is this form and where can I read more about it? I tried to search for it but as I don't know the grammatical term, I couldn't find anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T03:09:43.897" Title="'Infinitivo compuesto' to express actions in the past which did not happen?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T11:16:10.857" Score="5" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WdApXKx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rollo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; se está convirtiendo en una de las más complejas de definir para la RAE, dadas las últimas expresiones que se están generando usando esta palabra. Por ejemplo, Diego ha preguntado por la expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21019/12637&quot;&gt;tirarse el rollo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, pero a mí me gustaría ir un poco más allá: ¿qué es exactamente un &quot;rollo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me refiero, por supuesto, a expresiones como las siguientes, popularizadas a partir de la segunda mitad de los años 80 según el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan vino de buen rollo a la reunión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  María y yo tenemos buen rollo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Había un mal rollo increíble aquel día en la playa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rebuscando por ahí, encontré &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/610787141321408512&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; en el que la RAE afirmaba que, en esos contextos, la palabra &quot;rollo&quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ambiente, relación o estado de ánimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les pregunté si tenían planeada la inclusión de dicha acepción en la próxima versión del DLE para la palabra &quot;rollo&quot;, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/867369005748768768&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me dijeron que no&lt;/a&gt;, pero que podía solicitarlo a través de su formulario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y antes de plantear una posible propuesta, vamos a ello: ¿cuál creéis que podría ser la definición de &quot;rollo&quot; en los casos propuestos? ¿Veis bien la propuesta de la RAE o añadiríais o quitaríais algo? Entiendo que la propuesta de la RAE encaja con las frases: en la primera significaría &quot;estado de ánimo&quot;, en la segunda significaría &quot;relación&quot;, y en la tercera significaría &quot;ambiente&quot;. ¿Se os ocurren más ejemplos de este uso de la palabra &quot;rollo&quot; pero que atiendan a un significado diferente a los planteados por la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aqui las definiciones de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cilindro de madera, metal u otra materia, generalmente dura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Objeto cuya materia toma forma cilíndrica. Un rollo de carne para guisar. &lt;em&gt;Hacer un rollo con la masa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. manga (‖ utensilio para añadir nata a algunos pasteles).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Madero redondo descortezado, pero sin labrar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Porción de tejido, papel, etc., que se tiene enrollada en forma cilíndrica. &lt;em&gt;Rollo de estera, de papel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Película enrollada en forma de bobina, usada en fotografía y cinematografía.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Canto rodado de forma casi cilíndrica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Trenza de anea, forrada de pellejo, que se pone entre el yugo y las colleras de las caballerías.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Papiro u otro material laminado que, enrollado, constituía el libro en la Antigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Columna de piedra, ordinariamente rematada por una cruz, que antiguamente era insignia de jurisdicción y que en muchos casos servía&#xA;  de picota.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pieza de autos presentada ante los tribunales superiores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Bollo o pan en forma de rosca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Discurso largo, pesado y aburrido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Cosa y, por ext., persona, que resulta aburrida, pesada o fastidiosa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Mentira, historia inventada o falsa. &lt;em&gt;Llegué tarde a casa y tuve que contarles un rollo a mis padres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Relación amorosa, generalmente pasajera.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. lorza (‖ pliegue de gordura).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. jerg. C. Rica. En lenguaje juvenil, incidente irrisorio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Cuba. Discusión acalorada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Aburrido, pesado. &lt;em&gt;¡Qué novela tan rollo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T06:22:54.420" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T06:22:54.420" Title="Raiders of the lost roll // En busca del rollo perdido" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21036" CreationDate="2017-05-25T12:24:00.627" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You did not find anything because there is nothing special about those sentences. The two examples you gave are just shortened versions of these two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No queréis ir? &lt;strong&gt;Tendríais que haberlo pensado&lt;/strong&gt; antes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Que estás cansado? &lt;strong&gt;Tendrías que haber descansado&lt;/strong&gt; cuando pudiste antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sentences are, in fact, using the &quot;tener que + infinitivo&quot; periphrasis, only that the first part is omitted. They use the &lt;em&gt;infinitivo compuesto&lt;/em&gt; for the reason you talked about in your question: the actions referred are actions that should have been done in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tendríais que pensarlo antes&lt;/em&gt; (you still have time to do so).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Tendríais que haberlo pensado antes&lt;/em&gt; (time to think is over).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the purpose of the &lt;em&gt;infinitivo compuesto&lt;/em&gt;, you can find more about this tense in chapter 26.4 of the &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática española: &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=beQYzzZkcTlYjUrt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los infinitivos verbales. Su interpretación semántica. Infinitivo simple e infinitivo compuesto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (in Spanish only).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T03:09:43.897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T03:09:43.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21037" CreationDate="2017-05-25T13:01:25.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me vienen a la mente muchas más acepciones que las que ya te comentaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre otro ejemplo, pero creo que se podría traducir como &quot;relación&quot;. Es cuando se dice, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan y María se traen un rollo muy raro entre ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual en este caso podría traducirse como &quot;asunto&quot;, pero me suena más a &quot;relación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También está la expresión &quot;Me da mal rollo&quot;, cuando te refieres a algo o alguien que te da una mala sensación, algo como &quot;Me da mala espina&quot;, pero en este caso creo que también se podría considerar un estado de ánimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a las que ya te comentaron, se me ocurren (aunque hay infinitos) estos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambiente: &quot;Hay muy buen rollo en mi nuevo trabajo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relación: &quot;Tengo muy buen rollo con mi nuevo compañero de estudios&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estado de ánimo: &quot;Siempre procuro estar de buen rollo, ya habrá tiempo para las preocupaciones&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, como digo, las posibilidades son muchas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T13:06:09.610" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T13:06:09.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21040" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:17:02.217" Score="0" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've generated a Spanish translation for these two sentences, but they don't quite sound right to me. I'd like some feedback!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a question or concern about your device? We’re here to help! = &lt;strong&gt;Pregunta o preocupación acerca de su dispositivo? ¡Podemos ayudar!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before returning your device, visit [URL] or call Technical Support. = &lt;strong&gt;Antes de devolver tu dispositivo, visite [URL] o llame al soporte técnico.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise! I don't want the text to sound too robotic or formal. How would this sound in conversational Mexican Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16558" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T19:25:28.487" Title="Translation into Mexican Spanish of Customer Information" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21040" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:54:17.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find the translation of the second sentence to be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the first one does not sound natural to me. I'd revise it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Alguna pregunta/duda o inquietud acerca de su dispositivo? ¡Estamos aquí para ayudarlo! (o: ¡Estamos aquí para asistirlo!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some speakers might prefer to fuse the question and the exclamation following it into a single sentence as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En caso de cualquier pregunta/duda o inquietud / Si tiene cualquier pregunta/duda o inquietud acerca de su dispositivo, estamos aquí para ayudarlo/asistirlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: The slanted bars offer different options for you to choose from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T19:25:28.487" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T19:25:28.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T20:47:25.417" Score="3" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've translated a couple of sentences from English into Spanish for a sticker I'm creating, and I'm not sure if the translated text is quite right for an audience of Mexican Spanish speakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original English sentences and their current translations are provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your device requires an activation code. = &lt;strong&gt;Su dispositivo requiere un código de activación.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To activate your device, you must enter the activation code printed on your receipt. = &lt;strong&gt;Para activar su dispositivo, debe introducir el código de activación impreso en su recibo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you do not have an activation code or have misplaced your receipt, please visit [URL] or call ### for assistance with device activation. = &lt;strong&gt;Si no tiene un código de activación o ha perdido su recibo, visite [URL] o llame al ### para obtener ayuda con la activación del dispositivo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise as to how I can improve my translations for an audience of Mexican Spanish speakers. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16558" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T20:47:25.417" Title="Mexican Spanish translation for box sticker" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-05-30T07:56:38.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21037" CreationDate="2017-05-25T20:52:32.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No solo podemos ver estas acepciones, por ejemplo, a mi se me ocurre algo así como &lt;code&gt;envoltura&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;envuelto&lt;/code&gt;, no sé si estaría bien estas palabras pero me explico mejor con un ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Están los rollos de primavera&lt;/strong&gt;. Refiriéndose a comida, algo así como enrollado o envuelto en su propio cuerpo, a su alrededor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo un la cabeza hecha un rollo&lt;/strong&gt;. Refiriéndose a que tiene los pensamientos indefinidos, confusos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16718" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T21:07:32.377" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T21:07:32.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21061" CreationDate="2017-05-25T21:02:01.180" Score="3" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a darle un poco de emoción al asunto. Ya que en la anterior edición se propuso una traducción con rima, vamos a seguir por el mismo camino pero dándole un poco de vidilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El siguiente texto es un poema de los muchos que salen en &lt;em&gt;El señor de los anillos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All that is gold does not glitter,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Not all those who wander are lost;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The old that is strong does not wither,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Deep roots are not reached by the frost.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  From the ashes a fire shall be woken,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;A light from the shadows shall spring;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Renewed shall be blade that was broken,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;The crownless again shall be king.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(237 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este poema es una descripción de Trancos y una predicción de los eventos que se narran posteriormente. En español el poema se hizo tristemente famoso entre los traductores como ejemplo de mala traducción, ya que el traductor se dejó llevar por la frase hecha en el primer verso, y lo tradujo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es oro todo lo que reluce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual el sentido del poema se pierde, al ser Trancos precisamente un trozo de oro que no brilla (pasa desapercibido a pesar de su linaje). Corrigiendo ese primer verso, la traducción de la edición española queda así (221 caracteres):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; No todo lo que es oro reluce,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ni toda la gente errante anda perdida;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; a las raíces profundas no llega la escarcha;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el viejo vigoroso no se marchita.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; De las cenizas subirá un fuego,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; y una luz asomará en las sombras;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el descoronado será de nuevo rey,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; forjarán otra vez la espada rota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción española pierde el ritmo y la mayor parte de la rima, que se queda en una rima asonante en los versos pares. También alterna el orden de algunos versos (el 3 y el 4 y el 7 y el 8): podéis recurrir a trucos similares siempre dentro de un límite, que será no alterar la posición de un verso más de una posición arriba o abajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y dónde está el giro inesperado de guion? Pues que esta vez vamos a meter un &lt;strong&gt;bonus por respetar la rima&lt;/strong&gt;, que como se ve es A-B-A-B-C-D-C-D. Se considerarán los siguientes bonus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima asonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima consonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No será necesario respetar el ritmo. En caso de decimales, se redondeará siempre hacia arriba. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;100 caracteres sin rima: sin bonus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;105 caracteres con rima asonante: 105 * 0,95 = 100 (99,75). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;110 caracteres con rima consonante: 110 * 0,90 = 99.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ganaría pues la versión con rima consonante. En caso de empate entre versiones, la rima consonante gana a la asonante, y esta al caso sin rima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerda seguir &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;las normas&lt;/a&gt;, y como siempre, ¡la traducción fiel &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con menos caracteres&lt;/a&gt; gana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Fin de la partida! El ganador es &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21061/12637&quot;&gt;walen&lt;/a&gt;, quien con su traducción ha noqueado al resto de contrincantes. Mención especial a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21051/12637&quot;&gt;fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;, que ha intentado reponerse a última hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:09:44.900" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:09:44.900" Title="Translation-golf VIII: with a twist" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-25T21:32:19.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21029" CreationDate="2017-05-26T03:20:22.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a modificar un poquito tus dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De saber, te diría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si supiera, te diría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así me gustan más.  Quizás porque en tus frases, la primera parte de la oración no tiene objeto, y luego de pronto cae un objeto (pronombre) del cielo en la segunda parte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases son &lt;em&gt;equivalentes&lt;/em&gt; aunque no idénticas.  Sin embargo, creo que son intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como había cierta incomodidad con por lo menos una de las frases, voy a construir un contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Leo, por favor, dime la verdad.  ¿Mi mamá ya sabe que soy yo el que rompió el vaso?&#xA;  B: No sé, mano, de verdad.  De saber, te diría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: No sé, mano, de verdad.  Si supiera, te diría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T03:20:22.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21045" CreationDate="2017-05-26T04:21:49.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;186 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay oro que no resplandece&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y errantes no perdidos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El viejo duro no desvanece,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  radicales hondos por hielo no son obtenidos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De las cenizas prenderá flama,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una luz del oscuro saltará&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nuevo será la rota pala&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El rey echado regresará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;190&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay oro que luz no arroja&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y errantes no perdidos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El viejo duro no se &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ONL70Cw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aja&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  radicales hondos por hielo no son conseguidos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de las cenizas arderán la flama,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una luz del oscuro saltará&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nueva será la rota &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7uTdupk%7C7uU3R7l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El rey destronado regresará.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T16:35:08.093" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T16:35:08.093" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-26T04:21:49.957" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21050" CreationDate="2017-05-26T07:31:17.777" Score="12" ViewCount="9114" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el traductor de Google la traducción al inglés de &quot;paloma&quot;, me encuentro con que me suelta la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señal que se pone en un escrito para indicar un acierto o una aprobación, y que consiste en una raya diagonal con una leve inflexión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo reconocer que no era esa precisamente la definición que me esperaba, aunque luego buscando en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; me di cuenta de que es &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=paloma&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la forma que se llama a la marca ✓ en México&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que es un término localizado en un país concreto y no de uso extendido en los países de habla hispana, ¿cuál es el nombre oficial de este signo en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T10:01:04.997" Title="¿Qué nombre recibe en español el signo ✓?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21048" CreationDate="2017-05-26T07:40:48.163" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tiene traducción oficial, aunque se suele conocer como &quot;visto&quot; o &quot;visto bueno&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu BBVA, entre otras cosas, por lo ambiguo y confuso que resulta lo de &quot;visto&quot;,  propuso en su momento traducirlo como &quot;Tic&quot; o &quot;Marca&quot;. referencia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/tic-o-marca-dos-alternativas-a-check/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tic o marca, dos alternativas a check&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T07:40:48.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21048" CreationDate="2017-05-26T09:46:17.777" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el apéndice &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/simbolos-o-signos-no-alfabetizables&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Símbolos o signos no alfabetizables&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE señala:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta lista se recogen los símbolos no alfabetizables más usuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;✓&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;verificación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que no tiene ninguna nota sobre ámbito geográfico limitado, podemos asumir que es válido en todos los países de habla hispana (&lt;em&gt;ergo cada uno de nosotros puede decir &amp;quot;✓, lo conozco&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/30872/stack-overflow-en-espanol&quot;&gt;chat de Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; una vez &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/36861186#36861186&quot;&gt;hicimos entre todos&lt;/a&gt; un JSON con unas cuantas variantes sacadas de distintos países: Argentina, España, Chile...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí la última versión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;    &amp;quot;no se trabaja&amp;quot;: [&amp;quot;feriado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;fiesta&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;festivo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;no laborable&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;no hábil&amp;quot;],&#xA;    &amp;quot;✔️&amp;quot;: [&amp;quot;tilde&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;marca de verificación&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;marca de aceptación&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;visto&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;verificado&amp;quot;,&#xA;           &amp;quot;marca de cotejo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chequeado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;comprobado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;hecho&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;señal de cotejo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;marca de comprobación&amp;quot;,&#xA;           &amp;quot;revisado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;paloma&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;gaviota&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chulo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;tick&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;check&amp;quot;],&#xA;    &amp;quot;#&amp;quot;: [&amp;quot;numeral&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;almohadilla&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;celdilla&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;signo de número&amp;quot;,&#xA;           &amp;quot;michi&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;la del tres en raya&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;cuadradillo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ta-te-ti&amp;quot;,&#xA;           &amp;quot;sostenido&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ancla&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;hashtag&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sharp&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;hash&amp;quot;,&#xA;           &amp;quot;cardinal&amp;quot;],&#xA;    &amp;quot;bueno&amp;quot;: [&amp;quot;copado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chido&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chévere&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;guay&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;padre&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;bacán&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;suave&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;bárbaro&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chilo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;chivo&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;fetén&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;fino&amp;quot;]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T09:53:53.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21045" CreationDate="2017-05-26T10:52:39.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;197, 189&lt;/s&gt; 176 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Conseguí rima consonante!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No todo oro reluce,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ni todo errante está perdido;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  raíz honda aún produce,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   viejo fuerte no se ha ido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De las cenizas resurge la llama,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   de las sombras una luz brota;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A los depuestos su reino reclama,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   renovada será la hoja rota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tal y como hace la versión española expuesta en la pregunta, giro los versos 3.º y 4.º, así como los 7.º y 8.º. Así me resulta más fácil mantener la rima consonante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de sinónimos y antónimos saca humo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No todo lo que es oro reluce&lt;/em&gt; es muy descriptivo, por lo que una simplificación del tipo &lt;em&gt;No todo oro reluce&lt;/em&gt; la considero equivalente en cuanto a mantener su significado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lugar de mencionar que el viejo &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; se apaga, prefiero (es decir, me da menos letras) usar que está vivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FqMVp4j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entumecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; puede verse como la consecuencia de recibir mucho frío. Por tanto, la expongo como traducción a &lt;em&gt;reached by the frost&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Honda por profunda, pues &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Kcm8214&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hondo&lt;/a&gt; es lo &lt;em&gt;que tiene profundidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T09:45:58.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T09:45:58.560" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-26T10:52:39.253" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21045" CreationDate="2017-05-26T11:42:45.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo evitar responder a mi pregunta. Oculto la respuesta para no condicionaros y os aclaro que, por supuesto, &lt;strong&gt;no participa en esta edición&lt;/strong&gt;, pero es que el poema me encanta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; No todo lo que es oro brilla,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ni todo el errante &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bGPvAo5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vaguea&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el hielo a la honda raíz no pilla,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el anciano fuerte aún &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bbtLpQm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verdea&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; De las cenizas subirá una llamarada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; las sombran verán la luz brotar;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; la espada rota será reforjada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el rey sin trono volverá a reinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me convence la rima de los versos 1 y 3, me suena muy infantil, pero no se me ocurría otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;201 * 0,90 = 181 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T11:54:25.890" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T11:54:25.890" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-26T11:42:45.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21048" CreationDate="2017-05-26T16:10:04.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así es, se le conoce como &lt;strong&gt;paloma&lt;/strong&gt; en la mayoria de los casos, y tambien como otros comentaron, se le puede llamar &lt;strong&gt;tic&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;visto&lt;/strong&gt; dependiendo del contexto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, cuando es para calificar un examen se le llama palomita. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien se le puede llamar visto o tic cuando se trata de marcar una lista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16848" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-08-29T10:01:04.997" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T10:01:04.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21058" CreationDate="2017-05-26T17:06:22.527" Score="10" ViewCount="2487" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los mapuches son la principal etnia nativa chilena, tanto en términos culturales como demográficos. A diferencia de la mayoría de los países hispanoamericanos, en Chile la proporción de habitantes culturalmente pertenecientes a etnias nativas es muy bajo (dependiendo de a quién le preguntes, entre un 4% y un 10% del total), pero el tema de la relación entre &amp;quot;chilenos&amp;quot; e indígenas es bastante importante y a veces incluso violento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí es habitual oír acerca de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;los mapuche&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, sin -s, tanto en los medios masivos como a nivel oficial o académico, y tanto de boca de mapuches como de &amp;quot;chilenos&amp;quot;. Pero no se trata de una aspiración de la /s/ propia del lenguaje relajado, sino de una pérdida completa y sistemática, como demuestran los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conadi.gob.cl/index.php/2-noticias/1448-ninos-mapuche-de-la-araucania-cumplieron-sueno-de-conocer-palacio-la-moneda-gracias-a-conadi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Niños mapuche de La Araucanía cumplieron sueño de conocer Palacio La Moneda gracias a CONADI&lt;/a&gt; (en el sitio web oficial del Gobierno de Chile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reddemujeresmapuche.cl/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Red de Mujeres Mapuche de Chile&lt;/a&gt; (organización social)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=ZSTLTY3kWnwC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los mapuche en la sociedad chilena actual&lt;/a&gt; (un libro, entre muchos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AnOTdYuecLM/UlIo-7cSd6I/AAAAAAAABi4/nkyxttUwSrY/s320/umlem_mapuche.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Libertad a los presos políticos mapuche&lt;/a&gt; (un graffiti)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tú fueras y dijeras &amp;quot;hey, eso está mal según la ortografía de la RAE&amp;quot; al menos recibirías una carcajada, pero lo más probable es que causarías indignación. Yo nunca he escuchado una justificación de este plural sin -s, la verdad aquí nadie se lo pregunta. En todo caso, la forma habitual sigue siendo con -s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se explica o justifica de alguna forma esta desviación de la norma cuando se habla de etnias, o en algún otro caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-08-03T04:04:11.147" Title="Validez del plural &quot;los mapuche&quot; sin -s final, al tratarse de una etnia" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T21:02:20.873" Score="2" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I love the phrase &lt;em&gt;mero mero&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;top banana&lt;/em&gt; (e.g. &quot;No pierdas el tiempo, pide cita de una vez con el mero mero&quot;).  I have a vague idea I know some more phrases like this, with the same word appearing twice, changing either the meaning or adding to it, but after a couple of days of letting this roll around in my mind, nothing is coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to listing the phrase and explaining what it means, either in Spanish or English, please also include an example sentence and the country or region where you've heard it used, or the author and title if you learned it from a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T15:10:00.730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T23:50:19.497" Title="What repetitions similar to &quot;mero mero&quot; exist in Spanish? That is, repetition of a word to convey additional meaning" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21055" CreationDate="2017-05-26T21:34:25.937" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece éste es un tema no investigado formalmente, de manera que todo lo que sigue es opinión mía y de otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi idea: el hecho de que se trate de una palabra de origen externo al castellano (de hecho, al indoeuropeo) quizá hizo que, para los hablantes de mapudungun por un lado y para los académicos de la lengua por el otro, resultase chocante &quot;castellanizarla&quot; livianamente añadiéndole una marca de plural castellana. Esto &lt;em&gt;mutatis mutandis&lt;/em&gt; ocurre habitualmente en inglés con muchas palabras, no sólo etnias (aunque el hecho de que el fenómeno ocurra incluso con palabras muy comunes, típicamente con los nombres de animales gregarios, en sí mismo tiende a normalizar y hacer que se extienda la situación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son pocas las personas que se han hecho esta pregunta. Hay una que opina que el &quot;respeto&quot; por la gramática nativa del mapudungun reflejada en la no pluralización con &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; puede &lt;a href=&quot;http://terceracultura.cl/2013/07/los-mapuche-o-los-mapuches/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;reflejar una posición pro-mapuche&lt;/a&gt; (en Chile, donde la relación entre las etnias nativas y el resto de la población ha sido siempre muy conflictiva); se apoya en datos, por supuesto muy susceptibles de sesgo, sobre el uso o no del plural &lt;em&gt;mapuches&lt;/em&gt; por parte de los medios chilenos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin tanta investigación y en tren decididamente prescriptivo otra persona afirma que &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.renacerdeangol.cl/prontus4_noticias/site/artic/20070712/pags/20070712043303.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;si se desea respetar el bien hablar de cada idioma&lt;/a&gt;&quot; no hay que añadirle &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;mapuche&lt;/em&gt;. Lo cual estaría muy bien si fuese aplicable, ya que, que yo sepa, nadie declina &lt;em&gt;perestroika&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;soviet&lt;/em&gt; &quot;como debe ser&quot;, es decir, con los casos gramaticales del ruso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una tercera opinión, también muy prescriptiva ella, declara sin dudar que emplear &lt;em&gt;mapuche&lt;/em&gt; como plural sin &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; es siempre indicativo de una &lt;a href=&quot;https://holainternet.wordpress.com/2011/11/21/mapuchemapuches/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pretendida reivindicación del mapudungun&lt;/a&gt;. Aunque el tono es desagradable quien escribe tiene razón en un punto: en mapudungun, entre los mismos mapuche(s), el plural de &lt;em&gt;mapuche&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;pu mapuche&lt;/em&gt;, expresión que sí utilizan correctamente algunos portales informativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo al tema de los nombres étnicos, ocurrió hace algunos años en Argentina que con el reconocimiento de ciertas comunidades nativas se comenzó a poner énfasis en los nombres empleados para referirse a ellas, donde había &quot;problemas&quot; más grandes que la simple pluralización. Por ejemplo, los llamados tobas dejaron de ser llamados así ya que no era su autónimo (&lt;em&gt;tová&lt;/em&gt; es un peyorativo de origen guaraní); el nombre de un individuo de dicha etnia, en su propia lengua, es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_qom&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;qom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y así se los llama ahora oficialmente (la historia es más complicada). No se pluraliza en castellano ni tampoco se usa el plural qom. Quizá algo así haya ocurrido con &lt;em&gt;mapuche&lt;/em&gt;, sólo que a partir de un proceso menos visible de revalorización de la etnia en cuestión, que (como todo proceso histórico) no está ni podría nunca estar en manos de académicos comprometidos con la neutralidad ideológica ni con la precisión lingüística.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T21:34:25.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21062" CreationDate="2017-05-26T22:15:14.157" Score="3" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating strings of a open source project (virt-manager). I need to translate the word '&lt;strong&gt;pool&lt;/strong&gt;' with the meaning of (i.e.) a &lt;strong&gt;set of&lt;/strong&gt; devices.&#xA;Piscina, estanque, charca, consorcio, pileta and other words has nothing to do with this meaning. What's the word I'm looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13840" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-27T22:03:40.020" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T08:56:50.657" Title="How can I translate pool to Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21045" CreationDate="2017-05-26T22:32:03.813" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;161 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;145 con bonus.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Rima consonante A-B-A-B-C-D-C-D.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Métrica 8-8-10-10-8-8-8-8 (me habría gustado que fueran dos cuartetas, pero... buf).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No todo el oro ha fulgor,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ni perdídose quien vaga;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Viejo duro no cede vigor,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hielo la honda raíz no llaga.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;De brasa, fuego avivado,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;De sombra, brota destello;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hierro de nuevo forjado,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Rey otra vez el plebeyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ha fulgor&lt;/em&gt;: verbo &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; usado en 1ª del presente como sinónimo de &amp;quot;poseer&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Jv4Frsm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;5ª acepción&lt;/a&gt;); igual que en expresiones como &amp;quot;ha lugar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ha menester&amp;quot; y otras reconocidas por la RAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ni perdídose&lt;/em&gt;: &amp;quot;ni se ha perdido&amp;quot; pero reutilizando el &amp;quot;ha&amp;quot; del verso anterior en elipsis como, ahora sí, el auxiliar &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; ;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quien vaga&lt;/em&gt;: 1ª del presente de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=bFsrlQS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vagar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viejo duro&lt;/em&gt;: &amp;quot;duro&amp;quot; como sinónimo de &amp;quot;fuerte&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=duro&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;3ª acepción&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;llaga&lt;/em&gt;: 1ª del presente del verbo &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=llagar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;llagar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. Entendiendo que cuando el hielo alcanza una raíz, lo que hace es dañarla, causarle herida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;De brasa&lt;/em&gt;: uso &amp;quot;brasa&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;ceniza&amp;quot; porque tiene más sentido (si se reaviva el fuego, alguna brasa habría!!); y porque me hace falta para mantener la métrica y la figura estilística con el siguiente verso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;brota&lt;/em&gt;: traducción literal de &lt;em&gt;spring&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hierro&lt;/em&gt;: como sinónimo de &amp;quot;espada&amp;quot; y, en general, de cualquier arma hecha de hierro o acero (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=hierro&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;7ª acepción&lt;/a&gt;). Sería fácil cambiarlo por &amp;quot;hoja&amp;quot; y ajustar género y rima, pero me mola usar &amp;quot;hierro&amp;quot; así.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;de nuevo forjado&lt;/em&gt;: se sobreentiende que si vuelven a forjarlo es porque estaba roto :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;plebeyo&lt;/em&gt;: estirando un poco el significado, lo uso para referirme al &amp;quot;sin corona&amp;quot;; pequeñísima licencia para que me cuadren métrica y rima, aunque creo que se entiende bastante bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T07:59:32.043" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-26T22:32:03.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21060" CreationDate="2017-05-26T22:33:32.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that the word you are using is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conjunto&lt;/strong&gt;: totalidad de los elementos que tienen una característica o propiedad que los distingue de otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The search of pool on a non-technical dictionary will give you translations like the ones you listed and and no one of them are close to the meaning. Looking for set would probably give you the right one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as other users said, in this context you can use the English term without confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16851" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-27T22:02:57.160" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T22:02:57.160" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21057" CreationDate="2017-05-26T22:57:16.963" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Find here some cases. Feel free to &lt;a href=&quot;/posts/21063/edit&quot;&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt; to add the ones you know.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Spain) &lt;em&gt;Este abrigo es de &lt;strong&gt;piel piel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning the coat is made of &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; leather.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Spain) &lt;em&gt;Ese restaurante es &lt;strong&gt;caro caro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning that the restaurant is &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; pricey.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Spain) &lt;em&gt;A mí esta pregunta me parece &lt;strong&gt;rara rara&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning that the question is &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; weird.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Mexico)&lt;em&gt;Pide cita con el &lt;strong&gt;mero mero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning an appointment with the &lt;em&gt;real, overqualified&lt;/em&gt; guy in charge (see &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mero#Adjetivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto es &lt;strong&gt;café café&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning it's &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; (non-ersatz) coffee.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te he preparado un plato &lt;strong&gt;rico rico&lt;/strong&gt; y con fundamento.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning the dish tastes &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Question): &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo te fue?&lt;/em&gt; (Answer): &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Así así&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaning 'so so', not good or bad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T22:55:15.830" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T22:55:15.830" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-26T22:57:16.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21067" CreationDate="2017-05-27T02:00:37.347" Score="3" ViewCount="7572" Body="&lt;p&gt;ni siquiera sé cómo formular esta pregunta, pero quisiera saber cuál es la forma más correcta de escribir en los casos en que en el contexto la forma plural y singular son posibles en los artículos y sustantivos, por ejemplo &quot;la(s) casa(s)&quot; o &quot;la/las casa/casas&quot; o se debe escribir de otra forma?. Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16852" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T10:32:48.043" Title="Forma correcta de redactar cuando forma singular y plural de los artículos y sustantivos son posibles en el contexto?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21066" CreationDate="2017-05-27T08:01:49.497" Score="3" ViewCount="701" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la actual edición del &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; se ha propuesto &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21061/12637&quot;&gt;la rima &quot;destello/plebeyo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; como consonante. A mí me parece consonante, y según la Wikipedia basta con que los fonemas sean los mismos desde la vocal acentuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, nos hemos quedado con la duda, al no ser la Wikipedia una fuente oficial. ¿Lleva la RAE estos temas? Si no, ¿qué fuente oficial nos puede confirmar cuándo una rima se puede considerar consonante? ¿Sería válida la propuesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T08:28:16.827" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T08:28:16.827" Title="¿Cuándo se considera una rima consonante?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21065" CreationDate="2017-05-27T09:19:41.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De momento, lo más oficial que he encontrado es la propia definición que da el DRAE para &lt;strong&gt;consonante&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=consonante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consonante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Dicho de la rima: Basada en la identidad de los &lt;strong&gt;sonidos&lt;/strong&gt; vocálicos y consonánticos a partir de la última vocal acentuada en dos o más versos. &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde se especifica que la rima se basa en los sonidos, no en las letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlazo también a la entrada de la Wikipedia para &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rima_consonante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rima consonante&lt;/a&gt;, donde al final se incluye el siguiente ejemplo de rima consonante fonética, sacado de un poema del poeta chileno Carlos Pezoa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A los que sueñan renombre y gloria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;y hacen su almuerzo con un pequén&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Pueda que suela causarles risa'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;esta romántica longaniza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;digna del estro de Paul Verlaine&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En este caso, riman &lt;em&gt;risa&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;longaniza&lt;/em&gt;, ya que en América la &quot;s&quot; y la &quot;z&quot; tienen el mismo sonido. También, riman &lt;em&gt;pequén&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Verlaine&lt;/em&gt;, ya que la pronunciación castellanizada de este apellido es &lt;code&gt;/berlén/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T11:26:48.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:26:48.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21064" CreationDate="2017-05-27T10:32:48.043" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XFiqsCjr2D68AoepU2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambas formas son correctas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PARÉNTESIS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2. Usos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; Para introducir opciones en un texto. En estos casos se encierra entre paréntesis el elemento que constituye la alternativa, sea este una palabra completa, sea uno de sus segmentos: &lt;em&gt;En el documento se indicará(n) el (los) día(s) en que haya tenido lugar la baja; Se necesita chico(a) para repartir pedidos.&lt;/em&gt; Como se ve en los ejemplos, los paréntesis que añaden segmentos van pegados a la palabra a la que se refieren. En este uso, el paréntesis puede alternar con la barra (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bYvzHZDvGD6fr29gvU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;barra&lt;/a&gt;, 1b).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T10:32:48.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21069" CreationDate="2017-05-27T16:04:57.497" Score="4" ViewCount="1052" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to find a translation which isn't &quot;rubbish&quot;, or a draft. I'm looking for the word to describe, for example, paper printed on one side, which you keep to use for making notes on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Say I'm showing my son how to derive the quadratic formula, but have run out of space]&lt;/em&gt; Pásame otra hoja de _______ por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16855" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T15:07:01.230" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T15:07:01.230" Title="How do I translate &quot;scrap paper&quot; or &quot;scratch paper&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21068" CreationDate="2017-05-27T17:03:31.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Spain we say &quot;folios en sucio&quot; for the papers you use for drafts in an exam, or as you say, papers that are partially written but you can still use for notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T17:03:31.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21068" CreationDate="2017-05-27T17:04:25.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word I use to describe paper printed on one side which I keep for notes etc. is &lt;em&gt;borrador&lt;/em&gt;, short for &lt;em&gt;papel (de) borrador&lt;/em&gt;. This is also how other people around me call that kind of paper. If you look up &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5vYV3Ie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;borrador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the DRAE you will not find this meaning, strictly speaking: &lt;em&gt;borrador&lt;/em&gt; translates roughly as &quot;draft&quot; (the provisional version of a work in progress and/or the medium in which it's written).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it shouldn't be difficult to understand how the meaning of &quot;scrap paper&quot; can be derived from the former: &lt;em&gt;borrador&lt;/em&gt; is not only a draft, or the paper on which the draft is written/drawn, but also the paper that is saved, generally, for the purpose of writing drafts and similar tasks, such as throwaway notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course &quot;scrap paper&quot; has other connotations: it may be just paper that is discarded and not thrown away but without any purpose in mind. It might be that there's no single Spanish word that translates it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T17:04:25.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21068" CreationDate="2017-05-27T20:31:25.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In US English, &lt;em&gt;scrap paper&lt;/em&gt; would be the pieces of paper that were not used or partially used on something, say a book or a cutout. And &lt;em&gt;scratch paper&lt;/em&gt; is closer to the meaning that the previous answers refer to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, Mexico being closer to the US, we have adopted a similar meaning as they are using, and it may be adequate and even understandable almost anywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of &quot;trabajo en sucio&quot; we use &lt;strong&gt;borrador&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(draft)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;scrap papers&lt;/em&gt; we use &lt;strong&gt;retazos sobrantes&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;retazos de papel&lt;/strong&gt; or simply &lt;strong&gt;retazos&lt;/strong&gt; (literally &lt;em&gt;leftover pieces&lt;/em&gt;) and it applies to any flat or sheeted material such as  plywood or fabric, too; as long as they are leftover pieces of a larger stock material, written on, or otherwise =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-05-27T20:38:28.763" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T20:38:28.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21068" CreationDate="2017-05-27T23:03:44.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Colombia and here most of the people that surround me call them: &quot;papel reciclado&quot;, which would be recycled paper. You could also say &lt;em&gt;borrador&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16859" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T15:03:25.147" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T15:03:25.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-28T16:51:16.477" Score="2" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de oración es la oración en negrita?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De modo que el asedio hubiera terminado aquel día&lt;/strong&gt;, de no haber sido&#xA;  porque H. S. vino a pasar la Navidad con su prima, y la vida cambió&#xA;  para ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez he leído que &quot;de modo que&quot; puede tener valor de finalidad y puede ser sustituida por &quot;para que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy totalmente segura pero no me parece correcta la versión de la frase mencionada con &quot;para que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi otra opción sería sustituir &quot;de modo que&quot; por &quot;así que&quot; (pero tampoco estoy segura si sería correcto interpretarlo así). Entonces ¿tenemos una oración consecutiva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, estoy tratando de identificar la oración principal. ¿Puede ser que esta misma frase &quot;De modo que el asedio hubiera terminado aquel día&quot; sea la oración principal y &quot;de no haber sido porque H. S. vino a pasar la Navidad con su prima&quot; la oración condicional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T08:00:33.830" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T15:10:57.583" Title="¿Qué tipo de oración es &quot;De modo que el asedio hubiera terminado aquel día&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21073" CreationDate="2017-05-28T17:42:19.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes que nada, convengamos que &quot;de modo que el asedio hubiera terminado aquel día&quot; no es una oración completa, sino que forma parte de la oración que finaliza con &quot;... y la vida cambió para ambas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, &quot;de modo que&quot;, que en otras oraciones introduce proposiciones adverbiales de finalidad (&quot;Le di un pañuelo &lt;strong&gt;de modo que&lt;/strong&gt; (= para que) pudiera secarse las lágrimas&quot;) o de consecuencia (&quot;Le di un pañuelo &lt;strong&gt;de modo que&lt;/strong&gt; (= así que) pudo secarse las lágrimas&quot;), en este caso introduce la proposición principal. En efecto, &quot;de modo que&quot; funciona como un conector con la oración que sigue, cuya proposición principal es &quot;el asedio hubiera (= habría) terminado aquel día&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto en cuestión ha sido extraído de &quot;El amor en los tiempos de cólera&quot;, de Gabriel García Márquez, y dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El arzobispo no fue. De modo que el asedio hubiera terminado aquel día, de no haber sido porque Hildebranda Sánchez vino a pasar la Navidad con su prima, y la vida cambió para ambas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;De modo que&quot; vincula el hecho de que el arzobispo no fue con la posibilidad de que el asedio a Fermina Daza (el personaje que estaba siendo objeto del asedio) hubiera terminado. Por lo general, las locuciones que finalizan con &quot;que&quot; son subordinantes, pero no es el caso aquí, puesto que introduce una nueva oración. En el texto analizado, &quot;De modo que&quot; no es un nexo intra- sino inter-oracional, y su sentido es consecutivo. Prueba de ello es que, aunque menos elegante, podríamos reemplazarlo por &quot;Por lo tanto&quot; o &quot;En tal sentido&quot; o &quot;Por consiguiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T15:10:57.583" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T15:10:57.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21076" CreationDate="2017-05-28T20:46:45.783" Score="4" ViewCount="1143" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English speaking countries, we tend to keep the French names for various types of pastries commonly eaten at breakfast: croissant, pain au chocolat, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These don't seem to be used so much in Spain (though I recognise that most Spaniards would understand). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A blanket word for 'pastry' clearly exists, but that leaves one standing at a counter saying things like 'the square pastry on the second shelf with the chocolate sprinkles'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In  my dictionary (Collins Spanish Dictionary Complete and Unabridged edition), there is a translation of croissant, but other types of pastry don't have entries. I've also noticed that many things &lt;em&gt;seem&lt;/em&gt; to be referred to by some kind of shape description, for instance I've seen croissants referred to as 'shells'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: &lt;strong&gt;Are there commonly used words to describe common pastries in Spain (mainland, Madrid)?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13552" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T11:15:30.137" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T11:15:30.137" Title="Are there commonly used words to describe common pastries in Spain?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2017-05-29T10:34:21.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21075" CreationDate="2017-05-29T06:17:40.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a whole lot of varieties of pastries in Spain, and most of them depends on the region. The other day one of my colleagues came to work with a load of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perrunilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perrunillas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SilQoKA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE definition&lt;/a&gt;), a kind of almond pastries I did not know by that name. So I will try to add here the most common ones as I know them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BMgxNEk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cruasán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the Spanish adaptation of &lt;em&gt;croissant&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dona_(comida)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dónut&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, also &lt;em&gt;dona, rosquilla&lt;/em&gt;, is the common &lt;em&gt;doughnut&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinesa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Berlina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, also &lt;em&gt;berlinesa, berlín&lt;/em&gt; is how I know the filled, hole-less doughnut.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmera_(boller%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palmera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, you can find them in small, medium and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariosur.es/noticias/201508/11/media/kiki.nito.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;big sizes&lt;/a&gt;. You can also find them covered with chocolate, a kind of yolk cream, and other toppings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6uIrBXCFggw/VE479cRTHXI/AAAAAAAAFSM/WEUPj1wUa7Y/s1600/cu%C3%B1a%2B1.1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuña de chocolate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a cream-filled, chocolate-covered pastry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pasteleriatiamaria.es/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/5153-Ca%C3%B1a-de-chocolate-Pasteleria-Tia-Maria.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caña de chocolate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.katyring.es/WebRoot/Store/Shops/katyring/4D71/0287/6A92/C05D/55EA/55EE/0960/A4C0/Cana_de_crema_artesanal.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;crema&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a long, chocolate- or cream-filled pastry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napolitana_(dulce)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Napolitana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, similar to the &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; but more rectangular-shaped.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobao&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;em&gt;sobao pasiego&lt;/em&gt; is a speciality from Cantabria but very well known and appreciated in the whole country.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will find some differences between our traditional &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalena_(alimento)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;magdalenas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NsTgvgx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;) and the imported &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muffin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muffins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which we know by that name.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZE4TQlp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tarta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the generic name for cakes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And I suppose you know our &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;churros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, because the word has been exported to many languages (including &lt;a href=&quot;https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Japanese&lt;/a&gt;). There is also a variant known as &lt;em&gt;porras&lt;/em&gt; (included in the Wikipedia entry for &lt;em&gt;churros&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, I agree with guifa: most of the times we just point to the pastry we want, maybe describing it briefly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T10:53:57.507" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T10:53:57.507" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21073" CreationDate="2017-05-29T07:46:30.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el principal problema para entender la frase está en el uso que hace del subjuntivo con valor condicional. En mi opinión, aunque este uso es aceptable en algunos casos, aquí no (supongo que García Márquez está imitando el lenguaje de la zona, como hace otras veces). Si cambias el subjuntivo por el condicional, queda bastante más clara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De modo que el asedio &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; terminado aquel día [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tenemos aquí una oración consecutiva que, como bien explica Gustavson en su respuesta, enlaza con la anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T07:46:30.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22085" CreationDate="2017-05-29T13:22:52.423" Score="6" ViewCount="9018" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSNBuG#7U9kIMe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;para el pelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Darle una tunda o azotaina. U. m. c. amenaza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa principalmente para amenazar a alguien con darle una paliza. Se incluyó en el DLE en la edición de 1970, aunque se pueden encontrar casos en el CORDE desde principios del siglo XX. Pero ¿qué tiene que ver una paliza con el pelo? Existe otra expresión que es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSNBuG#7Tpo7sx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caérsele&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;el pelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Recibir una reprimenda, castigo o sanción si se descubre que ha hecho algo mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en este caso el pelo se te cae del disgusto por recibir el castigo. ¿Tienen alguna relación las dos frases? ¿Se entiende &quot;dar para el pelo&quot; como una versión sarcástica de &quot;te voy a dar una que se te va a caer el pelo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-05-31T06:36:16.093" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T07:02:29.417" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;dar para el pelo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18914" CreationDate="2017-05-29T15:07:08.077" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he estado leyendo, casi todas las letras que conocemos o hemos conocido como parte del abecedario español (CH, LL, Ñ, RR, W), estaban reconocidas como &lt;em&gt;existentes&lt;/em&gt; desde mediados del s. XVI o incluso antes; si bien, la RAE no quiso incluirlas en el alfabeto castellano por diversos motivos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por cierto, que esos y otros motivos (tanto para incluir, como para quitar letras, como para el resto de cambios que se han ido haciendo en la ortografía a lo largo de los años) suelen venir explicados con profundidad en los prólogos de los diccionarios, cosa que yo acabo de descubrir. Los prólogos de las ediciones de los ss. XVIII y XIX son de recomendadísima lectura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Tratados no oficiales (s. XVI y XVII)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En sus &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=0bE-AQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=ortografia%20antonio%20de%20nebrija&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA25#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reglas de Ortografía Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de 1512, Antonio de Nebrija propone el siguiente abecedario, que incluye la CH, la LL, la Ñ (aunque con tilde vertical) y la C con cedilla, pero excluye la K y la Q:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aſsi que ſerà nueſtro A,B,C dèſtas veinte i ſeis letras proprias, i improprias. &lt;strong&gt;A, B, C, ç, CH, D, E*, F, G, H, I Vocal, Y Conſonante, L ſencilla, LL doblada, M, N ſin titulo, Ń con titulo, O, P, R, S, T, U Vocal, V Conſonante, X, Z&lt;/strong&gt; : porque a la K i a la Q ninguno le queda ni proprio ni improprio : pues que por la C ſe puede ſuplir aquello de que agora ſirven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* La E no aparece en esa página del libro original por error de imprenta. La incluyo yo para completar las 26 letras mencionadas.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mateo Alemán, en su &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=yRNmAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=ortographia&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA43-IA1#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortografía castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de 1609, reintroduce la Q, propone nuevos símbolos para los sonidos de la CH y la R suave, y mantiene la S &quot;alta&quot; y la C con cedilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a b ç d e f g h ↄ i c l ll m n ñ o p q r ꝛ ſ s t v u x y z&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina:Ortografia_kastellana,_nueva_i_perfeta.pdf/25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografia kastellana, nueva i perfeta&lt;/a&gt; de 1630, Gonzalo Korreas considera innecesarios muchos de esos símbolos y propone en cambio esta simplificación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t v x y z&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Tratados oficiales de la RAE (s. XVIII)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Ortographia&lt;/em&gt; de 1741, la primera editada por la RAE y la que toma como base la pregunta, el abecedario se establece oficialmente como muestra la imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=f89MAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=ortografia%201754&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA19#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de 1754&lt;/a&gt;, es decir la siguiente edición a la mencionada, se vuelven a incluir de manera oficial en el abecedario las letras CH, LL y Ñ omitidas en la edición anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la primera impreſion de eſte Tratado ſe dexaron de añadir la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; que ſon letras propias nueſtras; pero ahora, reflexionando eſte punto, ha parecido que ſin ellas eſta defectuoſo el Abecedario [...] De modo que el Abecedario Caſtellano completo conſta de veinte y ocho Letras y ſon por eſte orden:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;a. b. c. ch. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. ll. m. n. ñ. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. x. y. z.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cambios recientes (s. XX)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No fue hasta 1969, más de 200 años después, que se incluyó la &lt;strong&gt;W&lt;/strong&gt; en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; (y, al año siguiente, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt;). No tengo enlace a las obras originales de la RAE porque siguen manteniendo la propiedad intelectual (supongo), pero sí a un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=KTtBAQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA384&amp;amp;dq=ortograf%C3%ADa%20%201974&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA210#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=uve%20doble&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tratado sobre el tema&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] la Academia la incluye en el alfabeto como letra propia en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de 1969. Así, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; editado un año después podemos leer: «Vigésima sexta letra del abecedario español y vigésima primera de sus consonantes. Su nombre es &lt;em&gt;uve doble&lt;/em&gt; [...]»  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/exclusion-de-ch-y-ll-del-abecedario&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en 1994 se acordó despojar a las letras CH y LL de su categoría de letra&lt;/a&gt;, 240 años después de serles reconocida; aunque no fue &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=eliminacion%20de%20ch%20y%20ll&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hasta 2014&lt;/a&gt; que se reflejó este cambio en la normativa. Con lo que llegamos al abecedario actual, similar al de 1741 salvo por incluir la Ñ y la W:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A B C D E F G H I J K L M N Ñ O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: de la RR, no encuentro ninguna fuente que la incluya como letra distinta de la R. Aunque recuerdo que en mi colegio nos la enseñaban como parte del abecedario (&lt;em&gt;... O, P, Q, R, &lt;strong&gt;RR&lt;/strong&gt;, S, T, U...&lt;/em&gt;), todos los tratados y ediciones que he consultado, si la mencionan, es únicamente para aclarar que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; corresponde contarla aparte.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T14:08:37.967" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T14:08:37.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21085" CreationDate="2017-05-30T14:27:03.517" Score="8" ViewCount="890" Body="&lt;p&gt;En catalán tenemos el adjetivo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0094675&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nostrat&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para definir cosas que son propias de aquello de lo que se está hablando, en el sentido cuasi folclórico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquell restaurant fa menjar molt &lt;em&gt;nostrat&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría traducir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese restaurante sirve comida muy X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt; denotaría que es comida muy propia de la zona, por ejemplo con recetas que todas nuestras abuelas hacían de forma exquisita y que no se encuentran en otras zonas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su etimología viene del latín &lt;em&gt;nostras&lt;/em&gt;, que quiere decir &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/nostratic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nuestros compatriotas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Nostre&lt;/em&gt; es como se dice &lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;/em&gt; en catalán y supongo que también comparte con el italiano &lt;em&gt;nostra&lt;/em&gt; (de la &lt;em&gt;Cosa Nostra&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo), todo ello queriendo decir lo propio a nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el adjetivo es muy útil y tiene una connotación bonita, me planteo: ¿existe alguno equivalente en castellano? Decir &quot;comida muy nuestra&quot; parece la tradución rápida, pero me pregunto si alguna otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:33:50.970" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:33:50.970" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir el catalán &quot;nostrat&quot; al castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-30T19:48:27.030" Score="4" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una pregunta rápida por pura curiosidad desde el móvil y aprovechando que hoy es mi cumpleaños: se tiene constancia de que la canción del &quot;cumpleaños feliz&quot; se originó como un canto para saludar a los niños de una guardería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Good morning to all,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  good morning to all,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  good morning dear children,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  good morning to all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta canción se atribuye a las hermanas Patty y Mildred Hill como compuesta en 1893. Su melodía se incorporó a la letra del &quot;Happy birthday to you&quot; que es como la conocemos hoy, y supongo que de ahí saltó al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se sabe cuál fue la primera versión de dicha canción en español? ¿Quién la adaptó? ¿En qué año fue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T09:56:24.390" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T13:39:24.280" Title="¿Cuándo se adaptó la canción del &quot;cumpleaños feliz&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21082" CreationDate="2017-05-30T20:42:18.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aplicado a la comida se me ocurren: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=t%C3%ADpica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;típica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=tradicional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tradicional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=regional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;regional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Todas ellas más o menos cuadran con la descripción que has dado: un adjetivo para algo que es particular de la zona y/o con raíces en las costumbres del lugar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasando a expresiones, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zj5UJym#ADiNsl4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;de la tierra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de la abuela&lt;/em&gt; también podrían valer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí: ninguna encajará nunca tan exactamente como &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nuestra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, porque ésta además tiene la misma connotación que &lt;em&gt;nostrat&lt;/em&gt; de incluir al que habla dentro de ese conjunto de tradiciones.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo puedo usar &quot;tradicional&quot; para hablar de las &lt;em&gt;kokotxas&lt;/em&gt; que me han puesto en Bilbao; pero no tendría sentido que usara &quot;nuestra&quot;, ni &lt;em&gt;nostrat&lt;/em&gt;, porque yo no soy de Bilbao.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando alguien te dice que la comida de un sitio es &quot;muy nuestra&quot;, no solo te está diciendo que la comida es tradicional: también te está diciendo que esa tradición es la suya propia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T07:59:42.717" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T07:59:42.717" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21082" CreationDate="2017-05-30T22:22:36.580" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que quieres decir &quot;muy nuestra&quot; (que me parece la mejor opción y totalmente válida), &quot;muy &lt;strong&gt;propia&lt;/strong&gt; de nuestra cultura o &lt;strong&gt;región&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  puedes &lt;em&gt;forzar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4RuA840&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;autóctono&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;code&gt;originado en el mismo lugar donde se encuentra&lt;/code&gt;) o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=beZBwV4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vernáculo/la&lt;/a&gt;  (&lt;code&gt;Doméstico, nativo, de la casa o país propios&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir &quot;muy nuestra&quot; para mí no es solo &quot;la traducción más rápida&quot; sino la mejor. Transmite el concepto mejor que las otras opciones, que podrían asociarse a una región en lugar de a una cultura. Por ejemplo, si estuvieses visitando junto a otros catalanes Londres/Tokyo/San Diego y hubiese un restaurante de (auténtica) comida catalana, decir &quot;muy nuestra&quot; expresaría &quot;muy catalana&quot; (auténtica; muy propia de la cultura de los que somos de este grupo), mientras que mis otras propuestas podrían interpretarse como &quot;muy de aquí&quot;, de este lugar (en el que somos extranjeros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización: paseando hoy por Madrid me he encontrado con esto, y me he acordado de ti. &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Muy nuestro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i4tfUm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i4tfUm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T22:06:14.087" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T22:06:14.087" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21083" CreationDate="2017-05-30T22:46:56.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo primero: ¡feliz cumpleaños!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://cocatalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?v1=3&amp;amp;ti=1,3&amp;amp;Search_Arg=Cumplea%C3%B1os%20feliz&amp;amp;Search_Code=TALL&amp;amp;CNT=25&amp;amp;PID=Y78dnaGdbk34mBBAJKRvxwc4iOn&amp;amp;SEQ=20170530180843&amp;amp;SID=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la base de datos de la United States Copyright Office&lt;/a&gt;, la primera adaptación registrada en USA de la canción al idioma español data de 1961.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://socios.sgae.es/RepertorioOnline/Buscar.aspx?opcion=buscar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscador de la SGAE&lt;/a&gt;, buscando por &quot;cumpleaños feliz&quot; aparece la misma obra con el mismo autor registrada con nº 7.480, pero no viene el año de registro. Sin embargo, buscando otras canciones de la epoca con fecha de composicion conocida, me encuentro que el tema &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peggy_Sue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Peggy Sue&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, compuesto en 1957, está registrado en la SGAE con nº 7.761.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Esto situaría el registro de la canción en España en el año 1957&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los nombres del copyright son: Julia Hernández Tudón, y José de Juan del Águila (presidente de Unión Musical Española por aquel entonces).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esto no quiere decir que la adaptación sea original suya. Al menos en el caso de José de Juan del Águila, existen docenas de canciones populares españolas, como &lt;em&gt;Los peces en el río&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Uno de enero, dos de febrero&lt;/em&gt;, que están registradas a su nombre o bajo alguno de sus seudónimos (siendo los más conocidos: J. Trayter, y m.J. Cortina). Esto lo pudo hacer por el simple hecho de que nadie las había registrado antes, aun cuando el autor de algunas de ellas era ya conocido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Para el caso de &quot;Cumpleaños feliz&quot; no sabemos si la letra ya era popular por aquel entonces y este hombre se limitó a registrarla como propia, o si realmente fue una composición original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google se puede encontrar bastante información sobre José de Juan del Águila. Sobre Julia Hernández Tudón, en cambio, lo único que sale es que murió en Barcelona en 2013 a los 95 años de edad. Quizá fuera otro seudónimo del señor Del Águila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T13:39:24.280" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T13:39:24.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-31T14:53:33.573" Score="2" ViewCount="1062" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often see the word &quot;the&quot; having two different forms &quot;a la&quot; or &quot;la&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A la&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Call the waitress.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Llama a la camarera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do you get to the bakery?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo llegas a la panadería?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I listen to the radio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Yo escucho la radio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where is the subway station?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde esta la estación de metro?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the official difference between the two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16881" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T15:01:27.220" LastActivityDate="2020-08-02T23:32:17.180" Title="&quot;A la&quot; vs &quot;la&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21087" CreationDate="2017-05-31T15:27:04.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the verb. If you look for the verb in a dictionary, it should say whether the verb is transitive (often abbreviated tr.) or not (abbreviated intr.). Intransitive verbs require the &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T15:27:04.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21087" CreationDate="2017-05-31T19:08:33.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it will depend on whether you're talking about a person or an object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listen to the radio.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Yo escucho &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; radio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listen to the newscaster.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Yo escucho &lt;strong&gt;a la&lt;/strong&gt; locutora.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the time it depends on the verb, as Santiago said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T19:08:33.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21087" CreationDate="2017-05-31T22:04:49.873" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question needs quite a lot of unpacking. What you're asking is basically when to use and when not to use the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, which is about as complicated a subject as when to use &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; in English. So I'll stick to your examples and try to make contrasting examples myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llama a la camarera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is easy: the verb &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; calls for (no pun intended) the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; after it, in this usage. That is, when &lt;em&gt;llamar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to call for, to ask (for somebody/something) to come&quot;, etc., the person or thing being called takes the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. It also takes the preposition when the meaning is &quot;to call (someone/something) a certain name&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llamó a la camarera &quot;estúpida&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;  OR&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Llamó &quot;estúpida&quot; a la camarera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;He called the waitress 'stupid'.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo llegas a la panadería?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually no different from English: &quot;How do you get to the bakery?&quot;, if you take &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to&quot; (which you can't always do). &lt;em&gt;Llegar a (un lugar)&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;To get to (a place)&quot; or &quot;To arrive at (a place)&quot;. The verb just works that way. Note that if the place is a feminine noun you will use &lt;em&gt;a la&lt;/em&gt; (as in the example: &lt;em&gt;a la panadería&lt;/em&gt;), but if it's masculine you will use &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; (e. g. &lt;em&gt;llegar al colegio&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo escucho la radio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a simple transitive verb. In English, &quot;to listen&quot; has this particular thing that it often requires the preposition &quot;to&quot; before its object, but that's not the case with &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish (as it is also not the case with most English verbs, including e. g. &quot;hear&quot;). &lt;em&gt;Escuchar&lt;/em&gt; only requires an object preceded by &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; when the object is a person or group, but that's a general rule for verbs in Spanish (there are a ton of questions in this forum about it; I'll try and find some).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Dónde está la estación de metro?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, nothing particular about this sentence. The verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; just doesn't take any preposition in this usage, when it means just &quot;to be&quot; or &quot;to lie&quot; or &quot;to be located&quot;. An example that uses &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; would be something more like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo se va de aquí a la estación de metro?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;How does one go from here to the subway station?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that's again dependent on the verb and the meaning (&lt;em&gt;ir de X a Y&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to go from X to Y&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T22:04:49.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T01:58:43.277" Score="3" ViewCount="2049" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, he usado la oración &quot;bolsa de consorcio&quot; para referirme a una bolsa negra de basura grande (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.ar/search?q=bolsa%20de%20consorcio&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todas estos imágenes ilustran bolsa de consorcio&lt;/a&gt;) toda mi vida sin reflexionar en su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me di cuenta que &quot;consorcio&quot; suele significar, en Argentina al menos, un complejo de varios departamentos, o un edificio donde viven varias personas o hay varios negocios que comparten un tacho de basura. ¿Me imagino que de ahí viene llamarle &quot;bolsa de consorcio&quot;? No se me ocurre otra posibilidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google &quot;bolsa de consorcio&quot; y &quot;etimología de bolsa de consorcio&quot;, no obtuve ningún resultado que hiciera referencia a eso. Les pido que me ayuden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T07:40:10.520" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T07:40:10.520" Title="Etimología de &quot;Bolsa de consorcio&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21092" CreationDate="2017-06-01T03:21:08.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los edificios de varios departamentos, típicamente el &quot;encargado del consorcio&quot; (portero o asistente de limpieza, contratado por el consorcio) se encarga de recolectar las bolsas individuales de basura de cada departamento, y colocarlas en una o varias bolsas grandes para sacarlas a la calle. Ese tipo de bolsa (grande, generalmente negra), se empezó  a llamar &quot;bolsa de consorcio&quot; (algo así como &quot;bolsa que usa el encargado del consorcio&quot; o &quot;bolsa para uso del consorcio&quot;, como opuesta a la bolsa pequeña para uso individual). Al menos eso supongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T17:45:52.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T17:45:52.667" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5208" CreationDate="2017-06-01T09:08:22.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually in Spanish there are not a defined way of distinction between father and son with the same name. Informally, when two persons of the family share the same first name, each family has his ways to identify them: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José padre y José hijo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José y Pepe (pepito, etc) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don José y José&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain (and most of Spanish speaking countries), every person is legally identified with name and two surnames (one from the father and one from the mother) and it's unlikely that father and son share also both surnames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José Sánchez Pérez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José Sánchez Ruiz &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: (some &quot;real world&quot; examples)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adolfo Suárez&lt;/strong&gt; (former Spanish Government President) and his son &lt;strong&gt;Adolfo Suárez Illana&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isabel Pantoja&lt;/strong&gt; and her daughter &lt;strong&gt;Chabelita Pantoja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Francisco Rivera&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Paquirri&lt;/em&gt;) and his sons &lt;strong&gt;Francisco Rivera Ordoñez&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Francisco Rivera&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Paquirrín&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;José María Aznar&lt;/strong&gt; (former Spanish Government President) and his son &lt;strong&gt;José María Aznar Botella&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="12825" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T15:09:47.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T15:09:47.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21095" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T09:32:28.240" Score="6" ViewCount="27578" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/hacerle_la_cama_a_alguien&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer la cama a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Actuar a espaldas de una persona de forma de conseguir que esta caiga en desgracia y conseguir una ventaja personal con el cambio de situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: un político A habla con otro B sobre la conveniencia de que dimita. Cuando B dimite, de repente A se postula como sustituto para el cargo que tenía B... Claramente, A le ha hecho la cama a B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El RAE lo describe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=cama&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerle a alguien la cama&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Trabajar en secreto para perjudicarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2515/1674&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado esta definición ya en 1956 y no la encuentro antes. El &lt;em&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/em&gt; la incluye en 1992 y 2001, pero en 1925 y antes, no... si bien en 1780 recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HACERLE LA CAMA Á ALGUNO, Ó Á ALGUNA COSA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  . f. met. y fam. Ir disponiendo los medios con arte, ó cautela para conseguir algun fin. &lt;em&gt;Vias cautè parare ad finem assequendum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2519/1674&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, CREA y Corpes XXII no he encontrado entradas relevantes, lo que me hace pensar que es algo coloquial (como sospechaba) y pero claramente no nuevo por lo que vimos antes sobre 1780.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál podría ser pues el origen de la expresión? ¿Por qué es algo malo si, de hecho, a todos nos encantaría que nos hicieran la cama y ahorrarnos unos minutillos cada mañana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España se utiliza con relativa frecuencia, ¿se usa también en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T15:39:28.197" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;hacer la cama a alguien&quot;? ¿Por qué es algo malo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21095" CreationDate="2017-06-01T09:53:10.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No consigo encontrar nada que avale esta respuesta, pero la pongo y a ver si luego la documento un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si a alguno se lo habrán hecho en el colegio, pero creo que todos nos podemos imaginar la típica travesura infantil que consiste en que un chaval se pone a cuatro patas detrás de otro sin que este se dé cuenta, y luego llega un tercero, le da un pequeño empujoncito, se tropieza con el que está detrás suya a gatas y se cae al suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que esa travesura es la que se llama &quot;hacerle la cama a alguien&quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, y de ahí se habrá expandido el término a su sentido más figurado: uno trabaja en secreto para perjudicar a otro (como si se pusiera a sus espaldas a cuatro patas para que se tropieze), esperando el momento en el que el más mínimo suceso le haga caer con todo el equipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Preguntada a la RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/870551413646131200&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me responden&lt;/a&gt; diciendo que la acción perpetrada por la travesura mencionada no tiene nombre definido en español según sus registros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T11:50:52.253" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T11:50:52.253" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20628" CreationDate="2017-06-01T10:27:50.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como indica guifa en los comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La causa no está negada — &lt;em&gt;no solo porque X sino Y&lt;/em&gt; (ojo, que ya no lleva tilde) efectivamente «además de porque X, porque Y» o «porque X y también Y». Son todas plenamente afirmativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T10:27:50.033" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-01T10:27:50.033" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21095" CreationDate="2017-06-01T10:30:36.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me sorprende encontrarme esta expresión en tan castizas fuentes. En Argentina decimos generalmente &lt;em&gt;hacerle &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; cama a alguien&lt;/em&gt; (y la cama suele ser con frecuencia una &lt;em&gt;camita&lt;/em&gt;). (Vayan algunos ejemplos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltrecetv.com.ar/la-noche-de-mirtha/gomez-centurion-me-hicieron-una-cama_088818&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.losandes.com.ar/article/juan-pablo-videla-me-hicieron-una-cama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lacapital.com.ar/policiales/me-hicieron-una-cama-estoy-medio-una-guerra-politica-n415460.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.) La susodicha cama ya se usa por su cuenta también, dejando implícita la expresión, con el significado de &quot;trampa&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que el origen puede ser la idea de &quot;hacerle la cama a alguien&quot; como &quot;dejar preparado algo en apariencia para que alguien se sienta cómodo&quot;. No se trata de una mera trampa o zancadilla sino de una situación en la que la víctima va feliz y contenta hacia el desastre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando en dichos similares se me ocurre que las variaciones sobre &quot;dale una cuerda y se ahorcará solo&quot; tienen que ver con esta clase de trampa. En efecto se habla de un perjuicio disfrazado de un favor y dispensado por la propia víctima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T10:30:36.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5208" CreationDate="2017-06-01T13:11:25.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sénior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;júnior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XZlFiwY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sénior&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;senior&lt;/em&gt;, comp. de &lt;em&gt;senex&lt;/em&gt; 'viejo, anciano'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. U. pospuesto a un nombre propio de persona para indicar que esta es mayor que otra emparentada con ella, generalmente su hijo, y del mismo nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MctOLoF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;júnior&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;iunior&lt;/em&gt; 'más joven'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. U. pospuesto a un nombre propio de persona para indicar que esta es más joven que otra emparentada con ella, generalmente su padre, y del mismo nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the established suffixes, according to the DPD, are &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=FoXXo2ZkyD6GerSMKh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para distinguir al padre del hijo se usa tradicionalmente en español la voz &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;, opción más recomendable: &lt;em&gt;«Alejandro Dumas padre lo convirtió en protagonista de dos de sus novelas»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=j%FAnior&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hijo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español, para distinguir al hijo del padre se usa tradicionalmente la voz &lt;em&gt;hijo&lt;/em&gt;, siempre preferible al anglicismo: &lt;em&gt;«La Dama de las Camelias, de Alejandro Dumas hijo»&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind, however, that &lt;strong&gt;Spanish law allows for a child to have their mother's surname as first surname, instead of their father's&lt;/strong&gt;. That means that now you can also have matching names between mother and daugther!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In that case, using &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; would obviously be weird; &lt;em&gt;sénior&lt;/em&gt;, however, being a genderless word, could be a fair choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T13:25:09.300" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T13:25:09.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21102" CreationDate="2017-06-02T06:51:45.270" Score="5" ViewCount="5447" Body="&lt;p&gt;A ver, que imagino que como poder, poder, se podrá, ya lo hizo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecano_(banda)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mecano&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_hay_marcha_en_Nueva_York&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alguna que otra vez&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay marcha en Nueva York&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y los jamones son de York.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que, según el diccionario, una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WTyprIY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rima&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Identidad de sonidos vocálicos y consonánticos, o solo vocálicos, a partir de la última vocal acentuada en dos o más versos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no dice que la palabra a rimar tenga que ser diferente a una ya usada. ¿Es posible rimar una palabra consigo misma? Y si es así, ¿se exige que al menos la palabra repetida tenga significados diferentes en cada verso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T08:28:06.543" LastActivityDate="2019-09-04T06:50:40.940" Title="¿Se puede rimar una palabra consigo misma?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21100" CreationDate="2017-06-02T06:57:47.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que la rima es un recurso eminentemente vocal.  La usaban los trovadores para hacer más atractivas las historias, glosas y canciones que transmitían a sus oyentes, mucho mucho mucho antes de que ninguno de ellos supiera escribir o leer siquiera (y por supuesto, mucho antes de que existiese un órgano regulador de la lengua).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por eso, en poesía no tiene sentido aplicar reglas basadas en la escritura: la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rima&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;rima&lt;/a&gt;, la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinalefa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinalefa&lt;/a&gt;, incluso la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9trica&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;métrica&lt;/a&gt; misma de los versos se basan todas en cómo se &lt;em&gt;oye&lt;/em&gt; lo que se está leyendo, no en como se ve.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Así, si el autor te dice que &quot;estas dos palabras hay que pronunciarlas separadas, aunque la una acabe y la otra empiece por vocal&quot;, entonces no hay sinalefa que valga, por mucho que debiera haberla según la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En base a lo anterior, en principio sí se puede rimar una palabra consigo misma. Por definición, de hecho. Pero es una rima muy pobre y demuestra falta de creatividad :) Aunque podrías escaquearte argumentando que estás usando una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figura_literaria#Figuras_de_repetici.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;figura estilística de repetición&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, aunque no haya cuerpo regulador ni reglas &quot;oficiales&quot;, la mayoría de estudiosos del tema (ver por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=nhzOJeK3wkMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA107&amp;amp;ots=Y9NGeJqMf3&amp;amp;dq=rimar%20misma%20palabra&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA107#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22por%20regla%20general%20no%20debe%20rimar%20la%20misma%20palabra%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;) coinciden en que no es lícito usar este tipo de rima en poesía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Salvo que seas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neruda.uchile.cl/obra/obra20poemas3.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pablo Neruda&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como todas las cosas están llenas de mi &lt;strong&gt;alma&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  emerges de las cosas, llena del alma mía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mariposa de sueño, te pareces a mi &lt;strong&gt;alma&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y te pareces a la palabra melancolía.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Pablo Neruda)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T07:54:50.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T07:54:50.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21100" CreationDate="2017-06-02T08:26:38.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que tradicionalmente se permitía si se trataba de distintas acepciones, pero no estaba demasiado bien visto. En los últimos tiempos sí es más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=nhzOJeK3wkMC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para un vocabulario de la rima española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Daniel Devoto, 1995), leemos en p. 65-66:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rima consonante pobre&lt;/strong&gt;: para DíezE (v.atenuada) el uso de &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt;, verbo y nombre rimados, es el paupérrimo extremo a que puede llegar la consonancia y quienes la usan: excluye el empleo —no llega a considerarlo— de &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt; verbo y verbo o de &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt; sustantivo y sustantivo, es decir, la rima de una palabra consigo misma (sustantivo y verbo, aunque homófonos, son dos palabras diferentes). Baehr no llega a colocar el consonante pobre entre sus odalidades de la &lt;em&gt;Reim.&lt;/em&gt; V. también &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;unísona&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente, las páginas donde aparecen &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;unísona&lt;/em&gt; no están disponibles en la vista previa de la página.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=M_KWHXoomucC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contribución a la historia de las teorías métricas en los siglos XVIII y XIX&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (José Domínguez Caparrós, 1975) se habla de una obra de Andrés Bello:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después hace Bello unas observaciones del tipo de las siguientes: &quot;Una palabra no puede ser consonante de sí misma...&quot;, y no agradan, pues, las rimas &lt;em&gt;menosprecio&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;precio&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;desprecio&lt;/em&gt;. &quot;La consonancia agrada tanto más, cuando menos obvia parece.&quot; De ahí que las terminaciones análogas, al ser &quot;en realidad signos idénticos&quot;, deben evitarse en las rimas, &quot;porque parece haber en ellas algo de mezquino y pobre, como si hiciésemos rimar una palabra consigo misma. Será, pues, más grata, o como suele decirse, más &lt;em&gt;rica&lt;/em&gt;, la consonante de &lt;em&gt;sentía&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;dia&lt;/em&gt; que con &lt;em&gt;temía&lt;/em&gt;...&quot;. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho luego encontré este libro: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=yxlHAQAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Principios de la ortolojía y métrica de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Andŕes Bello, 1844) y la referencia aparece en la página 94.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en la página 332 de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=FmHTX6p1qo4C&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario Akal de Términos Literarios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La perceptiva tradicional no permitía que una palabra rimase consigo misma, pero la poesía del siglo XX recurre con frecuencia a la autorrima, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fuente aleja su cantata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Despiertan todos los caminos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Mar de la aurora, mar de plata;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  qué limpio estás entre los pinos!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Viento del sur, ¿vienes sonoro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de soles? Ciegan los caminos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Mar de la siesta, mar de oro;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  qué alegre estás sobre los pinos!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dice el verdón no sé qué cosa...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi alma se va por los caminos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Mar de la tarde, mar de rosa;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  qué dulce estás entre los pinos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Juan R. Jiménez: &quot;El mar lejano&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T08:26:38.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-02T12:14:07.777" Score="6" ViewCount="999" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al igual que &lt;em&gt;deshabilitar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desinformación&lt;/em&gt;, el prefijo &quot;des-&quot; implica negación. Pero &lt;em&gt;desnudez&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;desnudo&lt;/em&gt; significa ir nudo y no lo contrario. ¿Por qué? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16894" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:36:27.140" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:36:27.140" Title="Si &quot;des&quot; es negación, ¿&quot;desnudo&quot; sería ir vestido?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;&lt;negación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21103" CreationDate="2017-06-02T12:44:42.297" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado actual de &lt;em&gt;desnudo&lt;/em&gt; está influenciado por el significado de &lt;em&gt;desnudar&lt;/em&gt;, el cual a su vez viene del latín &lt;em&gt;denudare&lt;/em&gt;, donde la preposición &lt;em&gt;de-&lt;/em&gt; solo tiene un valor de refuerzo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ese &lt;em&gt;denudar&lt;/em&gt; evolucionó en &lt;em&gt;desnudar&lt;/em&gt; por influencia de la preposición &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt; que, como bien indicas, se asocia a negación, a ausencia, a quitar algo (en este caso, la ropa); pareciendo, en el habla común, más lógico que la palabra para &quot;quitar la ropa&quot; comenzase por &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación sacada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?desnudar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T12:44:42.297" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21103" CreationDate="2017-06-02T14:46:54.297" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para complementar la respuesta de @walen, que es la correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El prefijo &lt;strong&gt;de-&lt;/strong&gt; existía en latín siglos antes de que se separara el español. Tenía significados diferentes de acuerdo con qué tipo de palabra se combinaba (sustantivo, verbo, etc.), pero para resumir eran los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ir hacia abajo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. De ahí vienen &lt;em&gt;decaer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;deducir&lt;/em&gt; (originalmente &quot;ir     de arriba a abajo&quot;), &lt;em&gt;deportar&lt;/em&gt; (originalmente &quot;traer hacia abajo&quot;),&#xA;&lt;em&gt;decapitar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;derribar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;derrumbar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;defenestrar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desmontar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;descargar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Privación&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Probablemente una derivación del significado anterior,&#xA;como notarás con varios ejemplos de esa lista (&lt;em&gt;decapitar&lt;/em&gt; podría venir de &quot;caerse la cabeza&quot; o &quot;privado de cabeza&quot;). De aquí deriva el significado&#xA;español &quot;negación&quot; que todos conocemos, y que hace la diferencia típica&#xA;entre &lt;em&gt;informado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desinformado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Marcar una separación&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, como en &lt;em&gt;delimitar, demarcar, definir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;determinar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Enfasis&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. De donde derivan por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;demostrar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;más que sólo mostrar&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;describir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces no creas que en todas las palabras españolas que comenzan con de- y en las que se puede identificar prefijo + palabra-base, ese &quot;de&quot; signifique &quot;sin&quot; o &quot;no&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:54:30.473" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T14:54:30.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21106" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21526" CreationDate="2017-06-02T18:19:29.547" Score="7" ViewCount="5474" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un hecho que tras siglos de cultura machista hayamos heredado un idioma que tiene una fuerte inclinación positiva hacia las versiones masculinas de las palabras, cuando estas hacen clara referencia al género humano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo un ejemplo: hoy en una conversación surgió el tema de que le habían recriminado a una persona el calificar a una mujer de &quot;bruja&quot; (los motivos no vienen al caso). Si miramos el diccionario, vemos las siguientes acepciones para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6B6n5sS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bruja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; cuando la palabra se usa exclusivamente en femenino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. En los cuentos infantiles o relatos folclóricos, mujer fea y malvada, que tiene poderes mágicos y que, generalmente, puede volar montada en una escoba.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mujer que parece presentir lo que va a suceder.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Mujer de aspecto repulsivo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Mujer malvada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salvo la acepción 6 que parece más neutra, el resto son claramente negativas. En cambio, la acepción cuando se usa exclusivamente en masculino es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Hechicero supuestamente dotado de poderes mágicos en determinadas culturas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un significado positivo, diría yo, ¿quién no querría poseer poderes mágicos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo claro es el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cVU9wGT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zorro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona muy taimada, astuta y solapada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, se puede usar en femenino, solo que cuando se usa en femenino suele confundirse con este otro significado aplicado solo a mujeres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. despect. malson. prostituta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otro ejemplo muy claro que es el que hace acepción a las partes reproductoras: no es lo mismo decir que algo es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9igH50S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cojonudo&lt;/a&gt; a que sea un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AiN77gb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coñazo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en aquella conversación mencionada se quedó un tema pendiente que nadie pudo resolver en aquel momento. ¿Existe alguna palabra en español tal que que, aplicada a personas, empleada exclusivamente en femenino signifique algo positivo y empleada exclusivamente en masculino signifique algo negativo? También valdrían ejemplos de palabras que no se apliquen a personas pero hagan clara referencia al hombre (o mujer) o a partes del cuerpo, como el ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;cojonudo/coñazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T13:24:14.870" LastActivityDate="2020-04-01T21:36:45.423" Title="¿Qué palabras existen en español que tengan acepciones positivas en femenino y negativas en masculino?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21095" CreationDate="2017-06-02T18:54:17.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé dónde oí esto, y es posible que lo haya imaginado.  Pero bien: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando un ancianito ya se acerca a su hora de morir, se puede hablar de preparar su cama, o prepararle la cama (de muerte).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El ancianito mismo podría decir, después de gran estrés, &quot;Prepárame mi cama, ya no aguanto más&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría ser que se relacione con eso.  En la política, si alguien se humilla, va a tener ganas de esconderse en alguna cueva en alguna parte, rendirse, dejar de luchar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-06-04T03:02:31.353" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T03:02:31.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-06-03T01:36:19.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pregunta curiosa, si las hay, pero hace pensar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que un sustantivo pueda referirse a una persona debe ser un sustantivo personal o el nombre de un animal o una cosa a los que se atribuya una característica que, al menos figurativamente, pueda aplicarse a personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos, o casi todos los ejemplos que voy a mencionar pertenecen al habla coloquial de estas latitudes. Otros compañeros foristas sabrán decir si los encuentran o no familiares, o inclusive citar otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sustantivos que se me ocurren masculinos corresponden a animales a los que se atribuye una cualidad negativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;loro&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Habla como un loro&lt;/em&gt; (demasiado) - &lt;em&gt;Es un loro&lt;/em&gt; (esp. dicho de mujeres de nariz grande y curva, cual pico de loro)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Es un perro cantando&lt;/em&gt; (desafinado, dicho de hombre o mujer) / &lt;em&gt;Es un perro jugando al fútbol&lt;/em&gt; (poco hábil) (Ref. &quot;perra&quot;, todos conocemos su significado negativo referido a mujer.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;moscardón&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Sácame este moscardón de encima&lt;/em&gt; (persona densa, pesada, asfixiante)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zángano&lt;/strong&gt; (imbécil)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gato&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Esa mina es un gato&lt;/em&gt; (prostituta)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lobo&lt;/strong&gt; (entre corderos): persona peligrosa (dicho de mujer, &quot;loba&quot; es positivo y significa &quot;inusualmente seductora, atractiva&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ganso&lt;/strong&gt; (tonto)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caballo&lt;/strong&gt; (bruto, sin modales). También: &lt;em&gt;Entró como un caballo&lt;/em&gt; (cayó fácilmente en la trampa) (&quot;yegua&quot; es un insulto para mujer similar a &quot;perra&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;burro&lt;/strong&gt; (poco inteligente)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, debo reconocer que la tendencia machista está presente en la lengua, y es así que encontramos masculinos con cualidades positivas y femeninos equivalentes con rasgos negativos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;toro / vaca&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Ese niño es un toro&lt;/em&gt; (fuerte, saludable) / &lt;em&gt;María está hecha una vaca&lt;/em&gt; (obesa)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gallo / gallina&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;gallo&quot; (y sobre todo &quot;gallito&quot;) también se usa en un sentido negativo para significar &quot;vanidoso, altanero&quot;. &quot;gallina&quot; puede decirse de un hombre cobarde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego tenemos nombres de animales de género único que, según las cualidades que se les asignan, implicarán características positivas o negativas en referencia tanto a hombres como mujeres: &lt;strong&gt;rata&lt;/strong&gt; (amarrete), &lt;strong&gt;víbora&lt;/strong&gt; (traicionero), &lt;strong&gt;chacal&lt;/strong&gt; (depravado), &lt;strong&gt;tortuga&lt;/strong&gt; (lento), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a cosas, me vienen a la mente &lt;strong&gt;roca&lt;/strong&gt; (duro de entendimiento) y &lt;strong&gt;tabla&lt;/strong&gt; (dicho de una mujer sin busto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T21:19:14.963" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T21:19:14.963" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21111" CreationDate="2017-06-03T19:33:52.523" Score="5" ViewCount="2435" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo puede ser coleccionado entonces es &lt;em&gt;coleccionable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo puede ser modificado entonces es &lt;em&gt;modificable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo puede ser usado entonces es &lt;em&gt;usable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y si algo puede ser cierto o falso? ¿No tenemos en español una palabra para esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado por internet y encontrado la palabra &quot;verificable&quot; pero esta palabra en realidad no significa &quot;tener la capacidad de ser verdadero o falso&quot; sino más bien &quot;tener la capacidad de poderse verificar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si verifico algo es porque ese algo es verificable o, lo que es lo mismo, que se puede verificar, pero no que pueda ser cierto o falso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón por la que estoy buscando esa palabra es para describir lo que es una premisa en mi programa informático. &lt;code&gt;p V q ^ ¬r -&amp;gt; s&lt;/code&gt;. Ese tipo de premisas (lógica de premisas, algo que enseñan en las escuelas en Filosofía de Bachillerato).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que entendáis un poco mejor el contexto voy a explicar algo un poco básico de programación:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El caso es que si una moneda es coleccionable en mi programa escribiría algo como &lt;code&gt;Moneda implements Coleccionable&lt;/code&gt;, lo que significa que una moneda implementa las características propias de las cosas que son coleccionables. Entonces luego puedo escribir en mi programa algo como &lt;code&gt;moneda.obtenerRareza()&lt;/code&gt; y así podría saber cómo de rara es la moneda en cuestión. Pero estoy buscando algo que vaya bien con &lt;code&gt;Premisa&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Premisa implements XXX&lt;/code&gt; para después hacer algo como &lt;code&gt;premisa.esVerdadera()&lt;/code&gt;. Reconozco que esto es una enorme e innecesaria perdida de tiempo, pero buscar la palabra adecuada es un problema que en realidad afecta mucho más a los informáticos de lo que parece. Es que es demasiado ridiculo por ejemplo &lt;code&gt;Premisa implements CapacidadDeSerCiertoOFalso&lt;/code&gt; (No se pueden usar espacios, así que es bastante comun usar mayúsculas y minúsculas para distinguir diferentes palabras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16898" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T21:10:42.347" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T10:38:09.327" Title="¿Si algo puede ser verdadero o falso entonces es...?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21110" CreationDate="2017-06-03T19:44:02.560" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En lógica se toman una serie de premisas y a través de ella se intenta llegar a una conclusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;p -&amp;gt; p&lt;/code&gt; sería el caso más fácil: dada una premisa &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt;, siempre podemos deducir &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt;. Es decir: si hay agua, hay agua; si no hay pan, no hay pan. La cosa se puede complicar tanto como queramos, pero no es lo que queremos discutir aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablas de predicado, pero este es &lt;em&gt;una expresión lingüística que puede conectarse con una o varias otras expresiones para formar una oración&lt;/em&gt; (de la Wikipedia en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica_de_primer_orden&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lógica de primer orden&lt;/a&gt;). Es con la unión de uno o varios predicados que creamos un argumento lógico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si llueve, el suelo está mojado (&lt;code&gt;p -&amp;gt; q&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no está mojado, luego no ha llovido (&lt;code&gt;¬q -&amp;gt; p&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, lo que entiendo que quieres formalizar en tu &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clase_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clase&lt;/a&gt; es el conjunto de premisas junto con su conclusión, para luego indicar si esa conclusión es &lt;strong&gt;deducible&lt;/strong&gt; o no. También podemos estar buscando si esa construcción lógica es válida o no, luego podemos estar determinando su &lt;em&gt;validez&lt;/em&gt; por lo que podrías estar hablando de si es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;validable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (a pesar de que es una palabra que la RAE no recoge).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ser... &lt;strong&gt;verificable&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=beFBp8s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verificable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que se puede verificar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Fil. Dicho de una proposición: Que permite comprobar su verdad y examinar el método por el que se ha alcanzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=beGg9NJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verificar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;verificāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Comprobar o examinar la verdad de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T22:02:12.483" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T22:02:12.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21121" CreationDate="2017-06-03T20:48:35.440" Score="4" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de darme cuenta de lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Bb7pPO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cierto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;certus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Conocido como verdadero, seguro, indubitable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. adj. U. precediendo inmediatamente al sustantivo en sentido indeterminado. &lt;em&gt;Cierto lugar. Cierta noche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas son las dos primeras acepciones de la palabra. Si os fijáis, la segunda es todo lo contrario de la primera, dado que pasamos de algo &quot;seguro e indubitable&quot; a algo &quot;indeterminado&quot;, es decir, &quot;inseguro y dubitable&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto así? ¿Se usa &quot;cierto lugar&quot; para indicar que no sabes exactamente dónde sucedió algo, o para indicar que lo sabes pero no quieres decirlo? En el primer caso, ¿cómo llegó &quot;cierto&quot; a tener esas dos variantes tan diferenciadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T10:42:27.040" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T10:42:27.040" Title="¿Expresa la segunda acepción de &quot;cierto&quot; lo contrario de la primera?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21110" CreationDate="2017-06-03T20:54:46.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A riesgo de ser tautológico con respecto a la respuesta de fedorqui y a los comentarios, yo creo que podría servirte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HYgZLqa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falsable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que se puede falsar (‖ desmentir).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T20:54:46.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21113" CreationDate="2017-06-03T22:16:21.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son diversos los adjetivos cuyo significado varía según sean antepuestos o pospuestos al sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;cierto&quot; significa &quot;verdadero&quot; cuando aparece después del sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Su temor es cierto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siento un temor cierto de que algo pueda ocurrir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antepuesto, adquiere el significado de &quot;indeterminado&quot;, &quot;indefinido&quot; o &quot;inespecífico&quot;, similar a &quot;algún&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La embarga (un) cierto temor de que algo pueda ocurrir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T22:30:05.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T22:30:05.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21113" CreationDate="2017-06-04T00:48:04.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cierto&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;verdadero, seguro&lt;/em&gt; no se opone directamente al otro significado. &lt;em&gt;Cierto lugar&lt;/em&gt; no es exactamente un lugar indefinido, sino lugares que el hablante prefiere no especificar pero que tiene (o finge tener) en mente. &lt;em&gt;En cierto lugar de La Mancha, de cuyo nombre no quiero acordarme&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;em&gt;Ciertas personas&lt;/em&gt; apunta también, claramente, a individuos particulares, sea explícitamente definidos o definidos por inclusión en un grupo caracterizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien me comenta: &lt;em&gt;Al salir vi a ciertas personas&lt;/em&gt;, me quedaré esperando que me diga quiénes son, porque es evidente que apunta a eso; al contrario, si me comentase: &lt;em&gt;Al salir vi a unas personas&lt;/em&gt;, la frase me sugeriría que no se trata de nadie en particular, sino que lo que hay de interés es simplemente que vio a alguien, y no encontró, como quizá esperaba, la calle desierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que voy es que &lt;em&gt;cierto lugar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cierta persona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ciertas cosas&lt;/em&gt;, etc. refieren semánticamente a algo definido, concreto (&lt;em&gt;cierta cosa&lt;/em&gt; se opone a &lt;em&gt;cualquier cosa&lt;/em&gt;). La ambigüedad o inseguridad se da en otro plano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conozco la respuesta a la pregunta de cómo o cuándo estos dos significados comenzaron a usarse. Los mismos ocurren también en la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=certain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;certain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; al menos desde el siglo XVIII (la palabra en sí entró al inglés vía el francés en el siglo XIII), con lo cual éste no es fenómeno exclusivo de las lenguas romances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-06-04T18:42:50.093" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T18:42:50.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21110" CreationDate="2017-06-04T01:39:53.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo que puede ser cierto es &lt;em&gt;posible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la pregunta es acerca de algo que puede ser verdadero o puede ser falso. Es decir, se desconoce cual de las dos posibilidades ocurre. Entonces puedes usar &lt;em&gt;incierto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T01:39:53.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21110" CreationDate="2017-06-04T07:50:35.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no te importa que la palabra no aparezca en el DLE, podemos usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;binarizable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tratamiento de imágenes se dice &quot;binarizar una imagen&quot; cuando todos sus píxeles se convierten a solamente dos valores posibles. Así, si entendemos &quot;binarizar&quot; como &quot;asignar un valor de entre dos posibles a una variable&quot;, entonces algo que puede ser &lt;em&gt;binarizado&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;asignado el valor &lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;falso&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) es &lt;em&gt;binarizable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-04T10:38:09.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T10:38:09.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21120" CreationDate="2017-06-04T11:03:17.217" Score="6" ViewCount="2580" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a maintenance department supply room that has stocks both brass and bronze parts (among many others).  The majority of maintenance personnel are L1 Spanish speakers from various Latin American countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In teaching myself the Spanish translation of lesser-used words for various maintenance parts, I've learned&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;bronze&quot; = &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/bronze&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bronce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;brass&quot; = &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/brass&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;latón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, my L1 Spanish-speaking coworkers &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;insist&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; that there's only one word, &lt;em&gt;bronce&lt;/em&gt;, for either alloy.  They all give me funny looks and/or correct me whenever I say &quot;latón&quot; when referring to a brass part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not convinced that the use of just one word is correct.  The English Wikipedia page for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brass&lt;/a&gt;&quot; says, in the second paragraph,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;By comparison, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bronze&lt;/a&gt; is principally an alloy of copper and tin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Brass&quot; in Spanish Wikipedia (&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latón&lt;/a&gt;&quot;) concurs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si bien el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bronce&lt;/a&gt; es, en cambio, principalmente una aleación de cobre con estaño [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My basic understanding of metallurgy tells me that these are indeed two distinct alloys, with bronze being the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_Age&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;older&quot; one&lt;/a&gt; (in terms of human history).  Noting that &quot;bronze&quot; and &quot;bronce&quot; appear to be cognates, whereas &quot;brass&quot; and &quot;latón&quot; are vastly different, reinforces this idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I respectfully disagree with my Spanish-speaking coworkers, is their usage of just &quot;bronce&quot; for either alloy indeed correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-05T15:19:57.700" LastActivityDate="2019-12-05T15:19:57.700" Title="Is brass translated as &quot;bronce&quot; or &quot;latón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21119" CreationDate="2017-06-04T13:30:47.587" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting from Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El bronce es&lt;/a&gt; toda aleación metálica de cobre y estaño, en la que&#xA;  el primero constituye su base y el segundo aparece en una proporción&#xA;  del 3 al 20 %. Puede incluir otros metales. Las aleaciones&#xA;  constituidas por cobre y zinc se denominan propiamente latón; sin&#xA;  embargo, dado que en la actualidad el cobre se suele alear con el&#xA;  estaño y el cinc al mismo tiempo, en el lenguaje no especializado la&#xA;  diferencia entre bronce y latón es bastante imprecisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we discount the confusion mentioned in the last sentence, English &lt;em&gt;bronze&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;brass&lt;/em&gt; seem to be rather exactly correlated with Spanish &lt;em&gt;bronce&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt;, but see what English Wikipedia says about the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Because historical pieces were often made of brasses (copper and zinc)&#xA;  and bronzes with different compositions, modern museum and scholarly&#xA;  descriptions of older objects increasingly use the more inclusive term&#xA;  &quot;copper alloy&quot; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there's a bit of a problem distinguishing the two alloys, because there are actually not two but many possible ones, and both actual composition and common word usage have shifted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where exactly do your Latin American coworkers come from? I've never worked in a supply store or even shopped in supply stores much, so I don't know what the usage is in my area, but I definitely know the word &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;alloy of copper and zinc&quot;. It's also clear to me that &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt; is not a noble material while &lt;em&gt;bronce&lt;/em&gt; is. In my mind you make heroic statues out of &lt;em&gt;bronce&lt;/em&gt;; out of &lt;em&gt;latón&lt;/em&gt; you make at most a water spigot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for etymology, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=bronze&amp;amp;allowed_in_frame=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bronze&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bronce&lt;/em&gt; are of course cognates, though their common origin is obscure. See how long this confusion has been going on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Middle English, the distinction between bronze (copper-tin alloy)&#xA;  and brass (copper-zinc alloy) was not clear, and both were called&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;bras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&amp;amp;search=brass&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brass&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; itself is also unexplained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Latón&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;lata&lt;/em&gt;, which means both &quot;can&quot; and (less formally) the material which makes up the can, which can vary a bit. The material used nowadays for preserved food cans (&lt;em&gt;latas de conserva&lt;/em&gt;) is called &lt;em&gt;hojalata&lt;/em&gt;: it's iron or steel between layers of tin. Metal sheets for construction are &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (also used as the name of the material) and these often have zinc in their composition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-05T15:14:58.980" LastActivityDate="2019-12-05T15:14:58.980" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21113" CreationDate="2017-06-04T16:45:37.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No son realmente antónimos, porque los une su etimología. Vienen del latín &lt;strong&gt;cernere&lt;/strong&gt;, que significaba &quot;separar, discriminar, seleccionar, decidir&quot; y están emparentadas con &lt;em&gt;cernir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;discernir&lt;/em&gt;. El participio &lt;strong&gt;certus&lt;/strong&gt; significaba &quot;decidido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, en ambos casos hay una base general y abstracta con múltiples posibilidades, de las cuales se separa o selecciona una específica. Solo que hay distintos &quot;tipos&quot; de certeza, dependiendo de la posición con respecto al sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Idea cierta&lt;/strong&gt;: De todas las ideas posibles separamos ésta específica, definitiva y segura. De ahí que este &lt;em&gt;cierto&lt;/em&gt; sea sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;verdadero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cierta idea&lt;/strong&gt;: De todas las ideas posibles separamos una que conocemos pero no hemos detallado aún. Que todavía sea indeterminada en mi oración no quiere decir que sea &lt;em&gt;falsa, provisional&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;insegura&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Darwin tuvo &lt;em&gt;cierta idea genial&lt;/em&gt;. Esta idea es indeterminada por ahora, en mi discurso, hasta que la detalle si así lo deseo. Eso no quiere decir que tal idea sea falsa, ni que tú, yo o Darwin no sepamos realmente cuál es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T16:45:37.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21164" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:07:27.127" Score="7" ViewCount="483" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el periodismo se usa con frecuencia el término inglés &lt;em&gt;whistleblower&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/escolar/filtrador-Papeles-Castellana-medalla-carcel_6_620897946.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; leo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias a este ‘&lt;strong&gt;whistleblower&lt;/strong&gt;’ –sea quien sea–, pudimos conocer la lista de la amnistía fiscal revelada por Los Papeles de la Castellana: cuánto dinero tenían sin declarar y qué exiguo porcentaje pagaron gracias al Gobierno de Rajoy cuando lo legalizaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está hablando de una persona (en principio desconocida) que consiguió unos papeles sobre unos movimientos fiscales para pagar menos impuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de alguien que informa de algo a alguien que puede dar voz al asunto, especialmente la prensa. Según la acepción que veo y entiendo, esa persona tiende a hacerlo desde el anonimato para protegerse de las consecuencias penales, pero también eligiendo bien a quién se lo pasa para que esa información afecte lo más posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan grande es el movimiento actual que hay plataformas seguras para garantizar la seguridad de quien informa, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/redaccion/eldiarioes-colaborador-herramienta-filtraciones-Filtrala_6_252034807.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;así lo explica el mismo periódico&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Filtrala.org es un proyecto de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://awp.is/es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Associated Whistle-Blowing Press&lt;/a&gt;, es una organización sin ánimo de lucro con sede en Bélgica - que tiene uno de los marcos legales que más protegen a las fuentes de información - y dedicada a promocionar la transparencia de los asuntos públicos a través de las filtraciones anónimas. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El fenómeno de lo que en inglés se conoce como &lt;em&gt;whistleblowing&lt;/em&gt; (que se puede traducir como chivatazo, pero sin connotaciones negativas) se ha multiplicado gracias a la democratización de las herramientas que permiten un uso de Internet confidencial y más seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observamos, pues, que el propio redactor de la noticia se dio cuenta del problema de encontrar una palabra en castellano (y no encontró este sitio para plantearla). &lt;em&gt;Chivatazo&lt;/em&gt;, o el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;chivato&lt;/em&gt;, tienen parte de su significado, pero tienen una connotación negativa que no se considera apropiada para este caso. &lt;em&gt;Delator&lt;/em&gt; podría también servir, pero incurre en el mismo problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por eso que me surge la duda de si tenemos en el castellano alguna palabra para traducir &lt;em&gt;whistleblower&lt;/em&gt; que no tenga connotación negativa, o incluso la tenga positiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T10:27:46.613" Title="¿&quot;Whistleblower&quot; en castellano sin que sea peyorativo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21122" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:15:00.793" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes dos: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LXtJrse&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;informador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; e &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LXyw5y0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;informante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ambas con el significado de &quot;que informa&quot;. La he visto usar mucho en películas: mi hijo mayor está ahora enganchado a ver &lt;em&gt;Cars&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Cars 2&lt;/em&gt;, y en esta segunda en una escena un personaje comenta que tiene un informador que es quien le da los chivatazos y le cuenta lo que se cuece en determinado negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos en prensa (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los expertos antiterroristas sostienen desde hace tiempo que dentro del colectivo de estudiantes, la organización terrorista tiene una importante red de &lt;strong&gt;informadores&lt;/strong&gt;, que son los que le han facilitado los datos al &quot;comando Madrid&quot; para acabar con la vida de Francisco Tomás y Valiente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Mundo, 15/02/1996.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Frente a los últimos hechos de orden público registrados en Antioquia, el Gobernador dijo que dispondrá de $400 millones anuales para conformar una red de &lt;strong&gt;informantes&lt;/strong&gt; que advertirán sobre posibles acciones de la guerrilla contra la población civil en la troncal occidental y la Autopista Medellín-Bogotá.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País, 08/07/1997.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T11:33:32.690" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:33:32.690" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-06-05T13:18:14.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te propongo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chapero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que, por definición, cuando se usa como insulto solo se hace en masculino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=chapero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chapero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. jerg. Homosexual masculino que ejerce la prostitución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en femenino quiere decir otra cosa totalmente distinta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=chapera&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chapera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;chapa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Constr. Plano inclinado hecho con maderos unidos por medio de travesaños sobrepuestos y clavados, que se usa en las obras en sustitución de escaleras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saliendo del DRAE pero siguiendo con la temática homosexual (que se presta bastante a este tipo de distinción), otro término que solo en masculino tiene connotaciones negativas sería &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palomo cojo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. La definición, aunque sospecho que casi todos la conocemos ya, la voy a coger del Diccionario Gay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.moscasdecolores.com/es/serie-gay-slang/diccionario-gay-palomo-cojo-espana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palomo cojo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al parecer el tema está en que &lt;strong&gt;los pobres palomos cojos no se pueden reproducir porque necesitan las dos patas para pisar (montar) a la paloma&lt;/strong&gt;, con solo una pata no se pueden agarrar ni tampoco realizar el cortejo previo característico de la especie.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;palomo cojo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; pertenece a la categoría del “concepto de torcido” junto a otras palabras y expresiones como la inglesa &lt;em&gt;queer&lt;/em&gt;, las españolas &lt;em&gt;desviado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tortillera&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra árabe &lt;em&gt;šāḏ&lt;/em&gt;, o la noruega &lt;em&gt;skeiv&lt;/em&gt;, todas con el sentido de torcido, anormal, malogrado, desviado o estropeado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;paloma&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en femenino, según el DRAE, no es más que una persona tranquila:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=palomo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palomo, ma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. &lt;strong&gt;f.&lt;/strong&gt; Persona de genio apacible y quieto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, y por buscar un ejemplo que use las partes del cuerpo, es conocida y reconocida la expresión &quot;pasarlo &lt;strong&gt;teta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como sinónimo de pasarlo muy bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=teta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;teta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. coloq. Cosa muy buena. Es teta pura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en masculino no hay equivalencia, de puro aburrido que es el cuerpo del hombre :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T13:56:49.693" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T13:56:49.693" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21127" CreationDate="2017-06-05T13:35:37.460" Score="7" ViewCount="1617" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tag_question&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tag question&lt;/a&gt; kind in Spanish have any particular name?&#xA;I can't find anything similar in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tag questions would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He read this book, &lt;strong&gt;didn't he?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T14:03:13.570" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T07:41:25.580" Title="What is the name for tag questions in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21126" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-05T13:48:23.800" Score="3" ViewCount="12702" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alguien en Twitter me propuso la expresión &quot;de puta madre&quot; como respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21106/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. En principio parecía una buena opción, dado que la usamos para describir algo bueno, y hace mención al sexo femenino. Sin embargo, luego me paré a pensar, dado que es de esas expresiones que igual en principio querían decir una cosa, y luego se vaciaron de significado para pasar a querer decir otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mismo significa esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NpxaH7S#GYPISfU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de puta madre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. vulg. Muy bueno. U. t. c. loc. adv.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si lo meditamos, ¿qué quería decir la expresión inicialmente? ¿Que nos lo vamos a pasar igual de bien que si encontráramos una prostituta que nos hiciera un servicio a todos y gratis? ¿Que algo es igual de bueno que los servicios de la madre de X, que es muy ligera de cascos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se originó la expresión? ¿Cuál fue la intención original de usar la palabra &quot;puta&quot; en la misma? Y como reflexión: ¿se podría considerar pues una expresión machista? ¿O le estoy tratando de buscar los tres pies al gato?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:52:28.250" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T22:03:27.033" Title="¿Cuál es el origen y verdadero significado de la expresión &quot;de puta madre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21125" CreationDate="2017-06-05T14:16:09.213" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, &lt;em&gt;tag questions&lt;/em&gt; have a specific name because of their particular construction, that you must learn (including some particular cases, such as &quot;I am..., aren't I?&quot;). In Spanish you don't need to learn any specific construction, as tag questions are simply like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él se ha leído este libro, ¿verdad?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Él se ha leído este libro, ¿no?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Él se ha leído este libro, ¿cierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being the first option the most common one, at least in Spain. If you want, you can say that they are &lt;em&gt;preguntas de confirmación&lt;/em&gt;. In the &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática española&lt;/em&gt; you can find these constructions as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apéndices confirmativos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apéndices interrogativos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;muletillas interrogativas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; among other names, as written &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bGzFqFAAgdgAgNkU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in paragraph 42.8a&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T14:23:01.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T14:23:01.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-06-05T16:17:38.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Propongo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=93FnsRh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chulo, la&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;ciullo&lt;/em&gt; 'niño', y este acort. de &lt;em&gt;fanciullo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. adj. Que habla y obra con chulería. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. adj. coloq. Lindo, bonito, gracioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8&lt;/strong&gt;. m. rufián (‖ hombre dedicado al tráfico de la prostitución).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede verse, en masculino puede referirse a un proxeneta (me imagino que con un tono peyorativo). Entonces habría una importante diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;mi novia es chula&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mi novio es chulo&lt;/em&gt;. Ambos pueden significar lo mismo (mi novia/o es guapa/o), pero el masculino es anfibológico, creo que hay que usarlo con cuidado...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Edición&lt;/strong&gt; a propósito de los comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo en que ésta puede no ser una muy buena respuesta, y me excuso diciendo que &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt; no es una palabra que se use en mi país, así que yo mismo no tengo claro su valor peyorativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero quisiera mostrar el paralelismo que se nota con el primer ejemplo de la pregunta, el femenino &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bruja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi esposo es bruj&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;: no cabe duda: él practica la brujería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi esposa es bruj&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;: puede significar tanto que ella practica la brujería (algo que puede ser bueno o malo, depende del contexto) como que sea malvada, mandona o tirana (algo negativo, sin duda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi esposo es chul&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;: puede significar tanto que él es físicamente atractivo (positivo) como que se aprovecha y lucra de las mujeres que lo rodean (negativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi esposa es chul&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;: sin duda: ella es atractiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, tanto &lt;em&gt;brujo&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;chula&lt;/em&gt; tienen un significado inequívoco, mientras que &lt;em&gt;bruja&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;chulo&lt;/em&gt; tienen un doble sentido, cargado a lo negativo (aunque, por supuesto, uno puede ser bruja/chulo en el peor de los sentidos, sentirse orgulloso de ello y recibir aplausos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T16:12:57.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T16:12:57.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-05T16:40:10.807" Score="4" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently heard a bartender ask a female customer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Usted quiere un jugo de latita o de latota?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The customer got very upset and threw a glass of water at the bartender and then she left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why did she get upset?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:48:05.653" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:48:05.653" Title="Meaning of &quot;un jugo de latita o de latota&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21122" CreationDate="2017-06-05T16:43:31.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los periodistas usan &lt;strong&gt;fuente&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a un informante relativamente confidencial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, &lt;em&gt;fuente&lt;/em&gt; significa &amp;quot;persona o cosa que proporciona información&amp;quot; así que en rigor no nos sirve mucho como respuesta. Pero, al igual que &lt;em&gt;informador&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se despersonaliza al que entrega la información y se le asigna un denominador general y abstracto, se le está dando una cierta &amp;quot;atmósfera&amp;quot; de secreto. Nótese la deferencia entre estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diputado sabía de las cuentas bancarias, según indicó una fuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diputado sabía de las cuentas bancarias, según indicó el Comisario Pérez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T16:49:02.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21130" CreationDate="2017-06-05T16:45:44.740" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You do not mention where this happened, but in some places (Puerto Rico comes to mind) &lt;em&gt;la tota&lt;/em&gt; is slang for a woman external sexual organs. So the bartender was indeed very rude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T16:45:44.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21136" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:14:05.670" Score="3" ViewCount="595" Body="&lt;p&gt;A que hace referencia la palabra &quot;güida&quot;, en contexto: &lt;em&gt;&quot; Entonces, ya se entraban los indios de güida de los españoles. Se enterraban vivos. Los otros indios los tapaban; entonces, se morían asfixiados.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13696" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T18:36:46.167" Title="¿Que significa &quot;indios de güida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21122" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:25:04.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Informador e informante son perfectas, pero también tenemos &lt;strong&gt;soplón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última tiene la connotación de la que habla fedorqui de que &lt;em&gt;informa una sola vez, queriendo quedarse en el anonimato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=YOpzdwI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soplón&lt;/a&gt;:  1. adj. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Que acusa en secreto y cautelosamente. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la connotación de soplón no es del todo positiva, no es tan negativa como la de chivato, sapo, campanero, delator, entre otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T18:25:04.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21134" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:36:46.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es una palabra &lt;strong&gt;correcta&lt;/strong&gt; del español recuerdo que las personas mayores (los que hoy tendrían mas de 100 años) lo usaban mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una deformación de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;huida&lt;/strong&gt; y significa &lt;code&gt;huir despavorido&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase que describes se puede reescribir como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces, ya se entraban los indios &lt;strong&gt;huyendo en pánico&lt;/strong&gt; de los españoles...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T18:36:46.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2017-06-05T19:20:03.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Requisito parcial para optar al grado de Magister Scientiarum&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este titulo se le confiere en Venezuela, e imagino en muchos paises de America Hispana, a los graduados o que hayan aprobado estudios superiores a licenciatura, o ingeniera, se infiere que los titulos conferidos al culminar exitosamente tus primeros cinco años de nivel superior sea en medicina, artes, ingenieria, etc, te confieren el grado de Licenciado,Medico, Ingeniero, luego continuas con un post-grado- luego una maestria &lt;strong&gt;(Magister Scientiarum)&lt;/strong&gt; - luego un PhD.o sea Doctorado - En Venezuela se le dice a los abogados y médicos al finalizar sus primeros 05 años &quot;Doctores&quot; mas por costumbre que por rango académico, ya que no tienen un PhD. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16911" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:20:03.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21125" CreationDate="2017-06-05T20:02:24.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always used a question tag by just saying: &lt;em&gt;¿o no?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's easier in Spanish language is that you don't need to refer to the grammar structure when it comes to using a tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El lee el libro, ¿o no?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El leyó el libro, ¿o no?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El leería el libro, ¿o no?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, you need to say &lt;em&gt;Doesn't he? Didn't he? Wouldn't he?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T20:02:24.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21122" CreationDate="2017-06-05T23:47:29.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo iba a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;activista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero luego Linguee me dió:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;denunciante&lt;/strong&gt; (Google lo define como &quot;persona que interpone una denuncia&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual me parece mejor... y muchísimo mejor que &quot;informador&quot;, &quot;informante&quot; y &quot;soplón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fuente&quot; no funciona, porque el &lt;em&gt;whistleblower&lt;/em&gt; toma la iniciativa, y la fuente no necesariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez oí una charla dada por Roger Boisjoly, el que trató de impedir el desastre del Challenger (es la triste &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accidente_del_transbordador_espacial_Challenger#Preocupaci%C3%B3n_por_las_juntas_t%C3%B3ricas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;historia de los &lt;em&gt;O-rings&lt;/em&gt; defectuosos&lt;/a&gt;).  Si uno de veras quiere entender el papel retador del &lt;em&gt;whistleblower&lt;/em&gt;, esa historia es impresionante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero entonces por qué no usé &quot;denunciante&quot; en esa frase?  Es que &lt;em&gt;whistleblower&lt;/em&gt; tiene aún connotaciones que no capto bien bien de &quot;denunciante&quot;.  Pero &quot;denunciante&quot; se acerca más que cualquier otra palabra que se me ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-15T10:27:46.613" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T10:27:46.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21057" CreationDate="2017-06-05T23:50:19.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bien bien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Walen me contestó la pregunta &lt;em&gt;bien bien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T23:50:19.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21130" CreationDate="2017-06-06T05:47:30.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tota&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tota&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (also &quot;toto&quot;) is a taboo word used in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic meaning &quot;pussy&quot;. So yes, the bartender was asking her if she wanted juice from her pussy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:47:30.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21146" CreationDate="2017-06-06T06:34:25.010" Score="7" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son las posibilidades de búsqueda del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DgIqVCc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt;? ¿Puede hacer algún otro tipo de consultas además de la búsqueda por palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the searching capabilities of the dictionary edited by the &lt;em&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt;? Can you make any other queries besides the word search?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T10:17:47.770" LastActivityDate="2020-06-14T00:00:10.070" Title="¿Qué posibilidades de búsqueda tiene el diccionario de la RAE? || What searching capabilities does RAE's dictionary have?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21145" CreationDate="2017-06-06T06:34:25.010" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí. Aunque no lo parezca, lo que hay a la izquierda del recuadro de búsqueda es un desplegable con las siguientes opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6eqTh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6eqTh.png&quot; alt=&quot;Opciones de búsqueda del DLE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Búsqueda por palabras:&lt;/strong&gt; hace una búsqueda laxa. Esto quiere decir que puede buscar tiempos verbales o formas en femenino y plural. Si buscas &quot;raquetas&quot; automáticamente te mostrará el artículo para &quot;raqueta&quot;. Si buscas &quot;comía&quot; automáticamente te dirigirá al artículo para &quot;comer&quot;. Si buscas &quot;salido&quot; te mostrará como opciones la propia palabra &quot;salido&quot; o el verbo &quot;salir&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La búsqueda por palabras permite además el autocompletado en el recuadro de búsqueda, no solo de los lemas simples del diccionario, sino de expresiones más complejas. Así, si se buscan varias palabras aparecerán todas las expresiones que las contengan sin importar el orden (la búsqueda de &quot;pasado toro&quot; hace que en el autocompletado aparezca &quot;a toro pasado&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Nótese que, aunque la búsqueda sea laxa en el sentido especificado, sí que distingue entre las versiones con y sin tilde de las vocales. Así, si se busca &quot;dia&quot; (sin tilde) no redirige al artículo para &quot;día&quot;, sino al del prefijo &quot;dia-&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Búsqueda por lemas:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exacta:&lt;/strong&gt; hace una búsqueda exacta, sin importar si la palabra es un derivado de otra. Así, si en este caso buscas &quot;salido&quot; te dirigirá automáticamente al artículo para &quot;salido&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Empieza por:&lt;/strong&gt; muestra una lista de términos que comienzan por el criterio de búsqueda, o un artículo si solo hay un resultado. Así, si se busca &quot;cabale&quot; mostrará automáticamente el artículo &quot;cabalero&quot;, mientras que si se busca &quot;cabal&quot; mostrará una lista de resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Termina en:&lt;/strong&gt; igual que el caso anterior, pero teniendo en cuenta el final de la palabra. Así, si se busca &quot;lol&quot; mostrará automáticamente el artículo &quot;salol&quot;, mientras que buscando &quot;ol&quot; mostrará todas las palabras que acaben de esa forma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contiene:&lt;/strong&gt; igual que el caso anterior, pero buscando el término de búsqueda en cualquier posición de la palabra. Así, si se busca &quot;axan&quot; mostrará el artículo de &quot;laxante&quot;, mientras que si se busca &quot;axa&quot; mostrará una lista de resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anagramas:&lt;/strong&gt; busca todas las palabras que contengan todas las letras del término de búsqueda, en cualquier orden, incluyendo formas derivadas y conjugaciones y sin importar las tildes. Así, si se busca &quot;carlos&quot;, entre los resultados aparece &quot;claros&quot; (redirige al artículo de &quot;claro&quot;) y &quot;clorás&quot; (del artículo para el verbo &quot;clorar&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aleatoria:&lt;/strong&gt; desactiva el recuadro del término de búsqueda y simplemente muestra el artículo de una palabra cualquiera del diccionario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, como atajo si tienes dudas sobre cualquier palabra de la definición que estés viendo, puedes pulsar sobre la misma para acceder a su propia definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T10:09:12.867" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T10:09:12.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21045" CreationDate="2017-06-06T07:13:13.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;237 caracteres (214 con el bonus):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A veces el oro de brillo carece,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No siempre extraviado quien vaga se encuentra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo viejo, si fuerte, no se desvanece;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En raíz profunda la escarcha no entra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De cenizas llama surgirá, avivada;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La luz de las sombras nacer se verá;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La hoja que fue rota será restaurada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aquel sin corona a reinar volverá.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diría que &quot;the old&quot; no se refiere a un viejo, sino a lo viejo (o a &quot;los viejos&quot; en conjunto); de lo contrario, sería &quot;the old man&quot;, &quot;he who is old&quot;, o algo por el estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T07:15:37.347" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T07:15:37.347" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-06T07:13:13.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21149" CreationDate="2017-06-06T13:54:26.653" Score="5" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la partida de nacimiento de mi antepasado Alejo Saiz (abuelo del tatarabuelo de mi tatarabuelo en línea directa paterna, nacido en 1645, quien dio origen al apellido Alejo en mi rama familiar), se puede ver lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ucmCJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ucmCJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Xpobal&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuesta un poco de leer, pero la línea del centro dice &quot;hijo de Xpobal&quot;. La transcripción de la partida lo entiende (y así lo confirma una búsqueda rápida por Internet) como &quot;Cristóbal&quot; según la denominación actual del nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la &quot;X&quot; se usa desde hace tiempo como &quot;cris&quot;, como aún se lee en términos como el inglés &quot;Xmas&quot;. Sin embargo, me despista que lo siguiera una &quot;p&quot; después.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El grupo &quot;Xp&quot; debía entenderse como &quot;crist&quot;? En caso afirmativo, ¿a qué se debía esto? ¿O es que el nombre se pronunciaba diferente en el siglo XVII? ¿O es que lo que hay detrás de la &quot;X&quot; no es una &quot;p&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T07:11:05.383" Title="Uso de &quot;Xp&quot; como &quot;crist&quot; en el siglo XVII" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;genealogía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21148" CreationDate="2017-06-06T14:04:14.190" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ni X ni p, en realidad; el símbolo Xp que podemos ver en muchos sitios como representación de &lt;em&gt;Cristo&lt;/em&gt; es una simple adaptación al alfabeto latino de las dos primeras letras del nombre griego de Cristo, Χριστός.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son las mismas letras que se utilizan en el &lt;em&gt;crismón&lt;/em&gt; o monograma de Cristo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dBC69.png&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otro monograma también muy utilizado para Cristo, JHS, que también tiene su origen en una latinización del nombre griego. En este caso, está formado por las tres primeras letras del nombre Jesús en griego (ΙΗΣΟΥΣ -&gt; ΙΗΣ), adaptadas a IHS y de ahí, al aparecer la J en el alfabeto latino (recordemos que originalmente no existía), a JHS. En efecto, la H de ese monograma no es sino la letra griega eta mayúscula, convertida a la latina H por su parecido gráfico, del mismo modo que las ji-ro del crismón se han convertido en equis-pe latinas por semejanza gráfica y no por equivalencia fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FMQKf.png&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T07:11:05.383" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T07:11:05.383" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21126" CreationDate="2017-06-06T14:17:05.023" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijo_de_puta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hijo de puta&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es quizás el insulto más popular en español. Tan popular y tan antiguo es, que su uso &quot;irónico-invertido&quot;, como encomio, es también popular y antiguo: se encuentra documentado desde el siglo XVI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.contrastiva.it/baul_contrastivo/dati/barbero/Ridruejo_modos%20de%20hablar_Miranda.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;  (&quot;Los  “modos de hablar” en las &lt;em&gt;Osservationi della lingua castigliana&lt;/em&gt; (1566) de Giovanni Miranda&quot; - Emilio Ridruejo - 2008) se menciona el estudio sobre la lengua española que hizo un italiano en 1566. Entre otras cosas, en el rubro de los &quot;usos irónicos&quot; del lenguaje, le llama la atención que la voz ofensiva &quot;hideputa&quot; se use muchas veces como ponderación. Se mencionan ocurrencias en la Celestina y otras obras literarias. Sobre todo en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://cervantes.uah.es/quijote/quij0076.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quijote (2da parte, cap 13)&lt;/a&gt;, cuando el escudero se lo explica a Sancho Panza :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo y no sabe que cuando algún caballero da una buena lanzada al&#xA;  toro en la plaza, o cuando alguna persona hace alguna cosa bien hecha,&#xA;  suele decir el vulgo: &quot;¡Oh hideputa, puto, y qué bien que lo ha&#xA;  hecho!?&quot; Y aquello que parece vituperio, en aquel término, es alabanza&#xA;  notable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y finalmente Sancho Panza reconoce que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no es deshonra llamar hijo de puta a nadie, cuando cae debajo del&#xA;  entendimiento de alabarle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto de dar vuelta por completo el significado de un insulto, por algún mecanismo irónico, sigue siendo popular. Y en España que te digan &quot;Eres el puto amo&quot; es una alabanza (que en otros lugares podría provocar una reacción ofendida, a lo Sancho Panza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el mismo mecanismo, y como el uso insultante de &quot;hijo de puta&quot; pretende denigrar al destinatario (no por una cuestión machista, sino por cuestiones de prosapia y calidad familiar - como &quot;bastardo&quot;) decir de una cosa que es &quot;de puta madre&quot; significa (en el uso irónico invertido) exaltarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T14:17:05.023" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21151" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-06T18:02:04.917" Score="3" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo siguiente es una parte de la traducción técnica, donde los artículos definidos en negritas parecen ¿Por qué fue necessario usar tantas &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...la altura máxima de aspiración &lt;strong&gt;de la&lt;/strong&gt; agua de refrigeración (antes de arrancar el motor diesel, todos los espacios interiores de la bomba hidráulica deben ser llenados con &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; agua)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1291" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T06:24:06.250" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T21:44:12.200" Title="¿Es justificado el uso de los artículos definidos y decir por ejemplo &quot;todos los espacios interiores... deben ser llenados con *la* agua&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21154" CreationDate="2017-06-06T20:17:46.447" Score="0" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard the pronoun &quot;nos&quot; and I don't quite understand how to use it in comparison to &quot;nosotros&quot;. Is it &quot;nos de&quot; or &quot;nosotros de&quot; for possession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T21:16:35.063" Title="Is it &quot;nos de&quot; or &quot;nosotros de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21153" CreationDate="2017-06-06T21:16:35.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For possesion is &lt;code&gt;nuestro&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nuestra&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nuestros&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nuestras&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese es nuestro coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestra casa está en Barcelona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestros padres viven en Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestras hermanas son gemelas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T21:16:35.063" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21156" CreationDate="2017-06-07T14:39:06.127" Score="8" ViewCount="1657" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/8192/6915&quot;&gt;Many meanings of &quot;llama&quot;&lt;/a&gt; @guifa nos regala esta linda frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llama «llama» la llama a la llama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y recuerdo que cuando mi papá encontraba difícil alguna pregunta nos decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh, tengo un complejo complejo de complejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como me encanta este tipo de juegos de palabras, quiero pedir lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una oración gramaticalmente correcta y con sentido;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con la mayor cantidad de variantes de &lt;strong&gt;una sola palabra&lt;/strong&gt;, ya sean acepciones, homónimos (como &quot;llama&quot; y &quot;llama&quot;) u homófonos (como &quot;tuvo&quot; y &quot;tubo&quot;);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin que se repita ninguna otra palabra&lt;/strong&gt; (la frase de las llamas no vale porque se repite &quot;la&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se aceptan homófonos dialectales como &quot;casa&quot; y &quot;caza&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se aceptan variaciones de género, número o conjugación (aunque no cuentan si la raíz no cambia el significado). Vale combinar &quot;tuvo&quot; con &quot;tubos&quot;. &quot;Tuba&quot; podría servir si se justifica correctamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las palabras deben estar registradas en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; o en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Americanismos&lt;/a&gt;. Se agradecen aclaraciones o enlaces cuando sea necesario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gana la oración con más &lt;strong&gt;variantes&lt;/strong&gt; de una misma palabra, es decir, no se cuentan las repeticiones que signifiquen lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a dejar abierta esta pregunta un tiempo. Si tenemos al menos 5 respuestas, voy a entregar un premio de 100 puntos a la oración más original o interesante o graciosa, desde mi particular y subjetivo punto de vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, me quedé con mis 100 puntos. (Aunque no era tan difícil, creo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase ganadora de Carlos Alejo parece insuperable, es una belleza, muchas gracias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un bajo bajo canta bajo, en bajo y bajo cero los bajos del bajo bajo el bajo bajo presión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-24T11:06:33.820" LastActivityDate="2019-09-24T11:06:33.820" Title="La oración con más homófonos" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21155" CreationDate="2017-06-07T14:48:03.760" Score="10" Body="&lt;h1&gt;3 repeticiones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Que cómo como?, pues como como como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basada en una respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17464/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta previa&lt;/a&gt;. Usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; (tres veces) más otras dos acepciones de la misma palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;5 repeticiones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bajo al bajo el bajo bajo bajo presión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 1: del verbo &lt;em&gt;bajar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 2: sustantivo (planta baja).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 3: sustantivo (instrumento).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 4: adjetivo del sustantivo previo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 5: preposición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idea obtenida de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18171/12637&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;. Y del comentario a la respuesta de @walen, extiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una presa apresa su presa en la presa presa del pánico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presa 1: sustantivo (privada de libertad).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presa 2: en realidad el verbo &quot;apresar&quot;, pero se podría considerar homófono dado que la primera &quot;a&quot; se une con el final de la palabra anterior y casi ni se nota.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presa 3: sustantivo (cosa apresada).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presa 4: sustantivo (muro construido para almacenar agua).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presa 5: sustantivo (persona que padece algo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;7 repeticiones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apelando a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17102/12637&quot;&gt;las múltiples capacidades del verbo &quot;pitufar&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasa que pasa cuando pasa de la raya y pasa bajo pasa pasa a ser pasa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 1: Verbo (suceder, acepción 52).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 2: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4wqY0f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sustantivo&lt;/a&gt; (uva seca).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 3: Verbo (ir más allá de un límite, acepción 5).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 4: Verbo (cruzar por un sitio, acepción 3).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 5: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S1z6pCC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sustantivo&lt;/a&gt; (canalizo entre bajos por el cual pueden pasar los barcos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 6: Verbo (proceder a una acción, acepción 38).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasa 7: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4wqY0f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sustantivo&lt;/a&gt; (afeite para mujeres).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con tantas repeticiones igual tiene un poco menos de sentido, pero tenerlo lo tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;10 repeticiones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Revisión de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4oyrC6G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bajos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un bajo bajo canta bajo, en bajo y bajo cero los bajos del bajo bajo el bajo bajo presión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 1: Sustantivo (persona con voz de bajo, acepción 32).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 2: Adjetivo (de poca estatura. acepción 1).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 3: Adverbio (en voz baja, acepción 40).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 4: Sustantivo (la más grave de las voces humanas, acepción 31).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 5: Preposición (posición inferior a la de referencia, acepción 48).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 6 (en plural): Sustantivo (las notas que sirven de base a los acordes, acepción 33).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 7: Sustantivo (parte musical escrita para un cantante de bajos, acepción 34).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 8: Preposición (debajo de, acepción 45).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo 9: Sustantivo (planta baja, acepción 26).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Baso 10: Preposición (dependencia, acepción 46).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T11:01:11.457" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T11:01:11.457" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21155" CreationDate="2017-06-07T16:27:50.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Vaya, junto a la valla hay un caballo bayo que va y viene comiendo bayas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:27:50.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21151" CreationDate="2017-06-07T18:45:02.127" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Ambas frases son incorrectas y se corrigen como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...la altura máxima de aspiración d̶e̶ ̶l̶a̶ del agua de refrigeración (antes de arrancar el motor diesel, todos los espacios interiores de la bomba hidráulica deben ser llenados con ̶l̶a̶ agua)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se cambia por el masculino?: Cuando la palabra comienza por [a] tónica se cambia en el singular por el masculino. Ej: &lt;em&gt;El agua/Las aguas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el águila/las águilas&lt;/em&gt;. Ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/44/why-is-agua-masculine-in-singular-form-and-feminine-in-plural-el-agua-la&quot;&gt;Why is “agua” masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? “El agua” / “Las aguas”&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda frase se habla del agua en &quot;genérico&quot; y por lo tanto no necesita artículo. Si el agua que debe usarse es &quot;específica&quot; se pude usar el articulo &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... los espacios interiores de la bomba deben llenarse con &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; agua &lt;em&gt;que teníamos reservada para esto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T21:44:12.200" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T21:44:12.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21161" CreationDate="2017-06-07T20:44:10.020" Score="4" ViewCount="725" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I properly ask a teller in a shop or mobile company office to top up my mobile phone?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As far as I understand, the proper word is &quot;recargar&quot; but I have no idea how to use it properly. (btw, I need this expression for the Mexican Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16929" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T21:33:52.380" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T19:20:14.343" Title="Asking to top up a phone" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21160" CreationDate="2017-06-07T21:59:13.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word you are looking for is &lt;strong&gt;recargar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This applies to &lt;em&gt;teléfonos prepago&lt;/em&gt; (prepaid phones) that have to be &lt;em&gt;recargados&lt;/em&gt; before you can make calls or use the internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This applies to most of hispanomerica, including Mexico, as you can see on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.movistar.com.mx/home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Movistar's Mexican website&lt;/a&gt;, where you can &lt;em&gt;recargar en línea&lt;/em&gt; (pre-pay online).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you could go to a place to &quot;top up&quot; your prepaid phone, it is more and more common to &lt;em&gt;recargar&lt;/em&gt; online. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To ask a clerk to &quot;top up your phone&quot; you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podría, por favor, recargar 20 pesos a este teléfono?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will then ask for your phone number and the money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T19:20:14.343" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T19:20:14.343" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21155" CreationDate="2017-06-07T22:54:54.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«(...) si el fecho faz gran fecho e buen fecho e bien fecho, non es gran fecho...»&lt;/em&gt; (Don Juan Manuel, El conde Lucanor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la figura a la que te refieres se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traductio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traductio&lt;/a&gt;. O quizá, si lo que buscas son significados distintos, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equ%C3%ADvoco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antanaclasis / equívoco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cosecha propia propongo esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ay! Ahí hay haya, y ahí yaya halla haya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que no es exactamente lo que pides, ya que la repetición está en el fonema y no en la palabra... Pero me ha hecho mucha gracia pronunciarlo en voz alta mientras lo iba pensando jajajajaja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T05:59:26.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T05:59:26.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2017-06-07T23:37:37.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The avant garde one is the most accurate. I've seen it in context and it is used to describe people who try too hard to be different and new. There's a link here with an explaination. :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/edgy?full=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/edgy?full=1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'knowyourmeme' might not seem like the most reliable source, but it explains the term quite well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16930" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T07:08:45.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T07:08:45.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21122" CreationDate="2017-06-08T01:48:55.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alertador&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; traduce el término como &lt;strong&gt;alertador&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;alertador&lt;/strong&gt; —término cuyo uso no está extendido— también llamado &lt;strong&gt;lanzador de alerta&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;revelador de secretos&lt;/strong&gt;, define a [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo también se explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabe destacar que en muchos países se usa el término &lt;strong&gt;soplón&lt;/strong&gt;, el cual es muy frecuente en una conversación cotidiana y puede tener connotaciones negativas, al contrario que el término whistleblower en inglés. Es posible encontrar que en países como Venezuela, Colombia y Costa Rica, se usa el término &lt;strong&gt;sapo&lt;/strong&gt;, el cual es coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no se indica si &lt;code&gt;sapo&lt;/code&gt;, además de coloquial, tiene también connotaciones negativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T01:48:55.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2017-06-08T04:12:52.217" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Giorno explicó bien el concepto: &lt;em&gt;edgy&lt;/em&gt; en su acepción reciente es algo que se acerca al borde de lo que es socialmente aceptable.  Pero luego &lt;em&gt;as fuck&lt;/em&gt; le da otra capa de sarcasmo encima.  Como dijo Giorno, la frase completa es una reacción crítica, que se puede usar para responder a un desconocido en línea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero faltó la traducción al español, que pidió user478249.  Voy a proponer algo básico pero, creo, correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;atrevido como mi abuelita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente alguien podrá mejorar esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:12:52.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21155" CreationDate="2017-06-08T06:47:18.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No olvidemos el ejemplo que nos enseñaron a todos en la escuela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahí hay un hombre que dice: ¡ay!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T06:55:58.393" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T06:55:58.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21184" CreationDate="2017-06-08T06:55:17.873" Score="2" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una conversación ayer, alguien dijo algo parecido a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...y me llamó por teléfono. Eso comprueba que no le caigo mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi cerebro automáticamente cambió &quot;comprueba&quot; por &quot;demuestra&quot;, dado que la frase, tal y como se planteó, me sonó rara. Pero ¿por qué? Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A3csXkj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comprobar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Confirmar la veracidad o exactitud de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esa definición, la frase simplemente indica que &quot;eso confirma que no le caigo mal&quot;, que la veo bien planteada, al igual que si simplemente dijera &quot;eso prueba que no le caigo mal&quot;. Así que insisto: ¿qué puede tener la frase &quot;eso comprueba que no le caigo mal&quot; para que me suene rara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más que se me ocurre es que el hecho de confirmar la veracidad o exactitud de algo solo puede ser llevado a cabo por alguien que tenga algo de raciocinio; de hecho las frases que se me ocurren de ejemplo con el verbo &quot;comprobar&quot; siempre tienen como sujeto al menos a un ser vivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y así el león comprueba que no puede competir con el veloz antílope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O como mucho impersonales, pero implicando indirectamente siempre a una persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se comprueba así que la sal se diluye en agua.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Lo comprueba al menos una persona: quien escribió la frase.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Necesita el verbo &quot;comprobar&quot; un sujeto con capacidad de raciocinio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: con la de veces que he oído la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V0FJllU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;raciocinio&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y acabo de descubrir que es la &quot;facultad de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V0FBOLL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;raciocinar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que no lo había oído nunca...&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T05:39:04.157" LastActivityDate="2019-10-08T10:09:28.710" Title="¿Requiere el verbo &quot;comprobar&quot; que el sujeto sea algo con capacidad de raciocinio?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21168" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21185" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:41:11.260" Score="6" ViewCount="2806" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy leía &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/politica/Alberto-Garzon_0_651635289.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una entrevista&lt;/a&gt; a un político español que empieza con el titular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No éramos ingenuos con el PSOE, pero esperábamos &lt;strong&gt;doblarle la mano&lt;/strong&gt; con la moción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que hace referencia a una parte de respuesta en la que el entrevistado  dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando desde IU valoramos sumarnos o rechazar la moción de censura pensamos que estábamos obligados éticamente. Sabíamos cuáles son los números del Parlamento. No éramos ingenuos ante la posición del PSOE. Esperábamos &lt;strong&gt;doblarles la mano&lt;/strong&gt; para que, presionado, pudiera sumarse a esa moción de censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto, entiendo que &lt;em&gt;doblar la mano&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a arrastrar o forzar a alguien a hacer algo de lo que tiene ciertas dudas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En este caso, un partido A quiere que otro partido B le dé apoyo en moción de censura contra el gobierno; el partido B tiene ciertas razones para hacerlo, pero también dudas. Por tanto, un miembro del partido A espera que el partido B se una a regañadientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es mi interpretación y creo que se ajusta, pero no la encuentro referenciada en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más cercano que veo es esta acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OF9CzGo%7COFAJXYy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Lance entero de algunos juegos. Vamos a echar una mano de dominó, de ajedrez.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Junto con esta de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E2IMRrD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;doblar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Inclinar, inducir a alguien a que piense o haga lo contrario a su intento u opinión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como si se tratara de una partida de un juego y el partido A subiera la apuesta llevándose el bote. Pero tampoco le veo una coherencia absoluta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues: ¿cuál sería el origen de la expresión y su explicación efectiva? ¿Se usa en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T14:16:41.397" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T12:55:28.893" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;doblar la mano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21168" CreationDate="2017-06-08T14:39:23.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la expresión se usa para indicar que quieres forzar a alguien a hacer algo en contra de su opinión, como sugiere la definición del verbo doblar que comentas. Y sí que se usa en Hispanoamérica o, al menos, en Chile (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pese a que tanto Lagos como Alvear se apresuraron en aclarar que la cita no significaba &quot;espaldarazos&quot; de ninguna especie, la cita de ayer se produjo justo en momentos en que la precandidata DC busca &lt;strong&gt;doblarle la mano&lt;/strong&gt; a Adolfo Zaldívar para que el partido nomine cuanto antes a su abanderado presidencial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Mercurio, 04/11/2004 (CHILE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la Universidad Católica de Santiago, en 1967, la &quot;toma&quot; de los estudiantes exigiendo reformas democráticas &lt;strong&gt;dobló la mano&lt;/strong&gt; del propio Vaticano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Patricia Verdugo, &quot;La Casa Blanca contra Salvador Allende. Los orígenes de la guerra preventiva&quot;, 2004 (CHILE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro nada al respecto del origen de la expresión, pero lo visualizo como cuando obligas a alguien a soltar algo doblándole la mano o los dedos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:39:23.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10442" CreationDate="2017-06-08T15:24:51.907" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Senos&lt;/em&gt; - unusual term, perfectly understood thanks to exposure to other Latin American dialects but seldom used in actual speech. Found in medical contexts (&lt;em&gt;cáncer de seno&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;senografía&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mamas&lt;/em&gt; - technical and medical term, more common than &lt;em&gt;seno&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cáncer de mama&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mamografía&lt;/em&gt;) though both are found interchangeably.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pechos&lt;/em&gt; - meaning &quot;breasts&quot;. The singular form &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;chest&quot; and is ambisexual if definite and singular (&lt;em&gt;el pecho&lt;/em&gt;), but refers to one of the female breasts if indefinite (&lt;em&gt;un pecho&lt;/em&gt;) or plural (&lt;em&gt;los [dos] pechos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tetas&lt;/em&gt; - colloquial, not so much taboo today, but definitely not something to be used in polite company. &quot;Reclaimed&quot;, so to speak, by women as a simple word to refer to a part of their bodies that nobody should care that much about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chichis&lt;/em&gt; - colloquial, harmless, not in wide use by perfectly understood by context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Busto&lt;/em&gt; - joint term for both breasts, correct and not especially impolite. It sounds stiff and old-fashioned in most contexts except when referring to sizes of clothing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lolas&lt;/em&gt; - coined in the 1980s or 1990s I think, nowadays much less shocking than then, though still too colloquial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Delantera&lt;/em&gt; - a not very successful euphemistic term. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;hacerse las tetas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hacerse las lolas&lt;/em&gt; mean &quot;to get breast implants&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nene de pecho&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;child of breastfeeding age&quot;, but it's used figuratively to mean &quot;weak or defenseless person&quot;. Generally negated: &lt;em&gt;Éstos no son nenes de pecho&lt;/em&gt; ~= &quot;These guys are to be reckoned with.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T15:24:51.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T15:28:51.293" Score="5" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/guide/adjective-placement&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt; it is said that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descriptive adjectives that emphasize an essential quality of a noun often come before the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El valiente león protege su territorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But can it be argued that most adjective are essential quality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hermano es un hombre alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is tall not an essential property of the brother?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16881" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T18:58:35.500" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T13:44:32.790" Title="Adjective that are essential qualities of a noun comes before a noun in sentence structure, how do we define essential?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21167" CreationDate="2017-06-08T15:44:20.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bajo mi punto de vista se puede escribir los siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El software que he realizado comprueba que los ficheros estén dentro de los directorios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el sujeto no es un ser vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16934" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T05:57:07.010" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T05:57:07.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21171" CreationDate="2017-06-08T16:34:17.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's talking about adjectives that are used, not to differentiate or qualify the subject, but just to give some kind of ambience. I like to call these adjectives &quot;poetic adjectives&quot;, because they are used mostly to embellish what is being said, nothing more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las &lt;strong&gt;verdes&lt;/strong&gt; hojas del árbol cantan en el viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tree leaves are usually green. You don't need to be told that, but it helps you form the mental image of a tree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;dulce&lt;/strong&gt; miel es deliciosa en pan tostado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You already know that honey is sweet. It's there just so you can almost &lt;em&gt;taste&lt;/em&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course, your example with the lion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T13:44:32.790" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T13:44:32.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20730" CreationDate="2017-06-08T16:34:35.757" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se dice más bien &lt;em&gt;estar podrido &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; guita&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;guita&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;dinero&quot;), aunque también es posible escucharlo con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, fuera de ese contexto &lt;em&gt;estar podrido&lt;/em&gt; efectivamente significa &quot;estar harto, molesto, cansado&quot;, y se usa siempre con un objeto en &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya estoy podrido de trabajar así.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Mi hija está podrida de esa situación de inseguridad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Podrido&lt;/em&gt; tiene en estos casos y en el de la pregunta un sentido y un uso paralelo al de palabras como &lt;em&gt;lleno&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;harto&lt;/em&gt;: una abundancia que ya es exceso, o que es tan grande que molesta. En el caso del dinero quizá no moleste a la persona que lo tiene pero sí les parece excesivo a los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El misterio aquí es por qué se asocia podredumbre con exceso. ¿Quizá porque cuando uno tiene muchas cosas acumuladas y sin usar, se le termina pudriendo la mayor parte? ¿Quizá porque la podredumbre se asocia con una efusión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T16:34:35.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21177" CreationDate="2017-06-08T18:52:47.050" Score="7" ViewCount="594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm on a a Google review for a housing cooperative in Ann Arbor, MI.  The man is Colombian and gave the co-op five stars, stating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay como el hotel familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There's No Such Thing as the Family Hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone understand what I assume is this figure of speech or expression?  Does anyone have a good explanation for the meaning of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16935" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T07:22:22.017" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T22:46:53.227" Title="&quot;There's No Such Thing as the Family Hotel&quot; What does this mean?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21176" CreationDate="2017-06-08T19:37:14.033" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;He should've translate that to something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is nothing like a home-like hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We Colombians call a &lt;em&gt;&quot;hotel familiar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to a hotel where you feel like you are at home. The owners/employees are so friendly that you feel you are at your uncle's or grandmother's house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It describes a place where you can go with your family specially with small children and feel at home.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T19:37:14.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21176" CreationDate="2017-06-08T19:37:33.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel#Hoteles_familiares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia &quot;Hoteles familiares&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son establecimientos de tamaño pequeño que se caracterizan por una gestión familiar para viajeros que proporciona servicios de restaurante y alojamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your translation is almost correct. &quot;No hay (nada) como el hotel familiar&quot; could be translated as &lt;em&gt;&quot;There's nothing like a hotel that treats you like family&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. This is just a variation of the old idiom &quot;There is no place like home&quot;, which means that home is the most satisfying place to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T22:46:53.227" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T22:46:53.227" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21171" CreationDate="2017-06-08T21:08:43.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don’t think “essential” properly defines the semantic function of preposed adjectives. I’d say that preposed adjectives tend to be more subjective while postposed adjectives tend to be more objective and sometimes even restrictive. One of the best examples is “grande”, which as you probably know is abridged before nouns in the singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;gran hombre&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as “great man”, while “hombre grande” means “big man”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This difference also involves the comparative and superlative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mayor problema&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as “main problem” (with &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt; reflecting degree of importance), while &lt;em&gt;hermano mayor&lt;/em&gt; means “elder brother” (where &lt;em&gt;mayor&lt;/em&gt; refers to age).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can say that assigning degrees of importance is highly subjective, while describing somebody’s age is quite objective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar case is that of &lt;em&gt;alto&lt;/em&gt;. When preposed it indicates hierarchy or intensity; when postposed, it denotes size. Thus, &lt;em&gt;alto comisionado&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;high commissioner&quot;, while &quot;comisionado alto&quot; is translated as &quot;tall commissioner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are adjectives which will be similar, showing little or no difference when translated into English, whether they are preposed or postposed, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;altas temperaturas&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;temperaturas altas&lt;/em&gt;, where the choice will only be based on stylistic reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;principal personaje&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;personaje principal&lt;/em&gt; (“main character”)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also find preposed adjectives that denote size and merely form a set phrase or lexical unit, as is the case with &lt;em&gt;alta montaña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, preposition will generally sound more subjective (e.g. &quot;principal personaje&quot; may sound like the main character in my opinion), while postposition will render a more objective phrase (&quot;personaje principal&quot; is closer in meaning to the main character in everyone’s opinion, or according to most readers, spectators or critics).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, unlike preposed adjectives, postposed ones can be restrictive, meaning “the one/s that is/are like that” (rather than any others). Thus, &lt;em&gt;el hombre valiente&lt;/em&gt; (as opposed to &lt;em&gt;el hombre cobarde&lt;/em&gt;) refers to a particular kind of men, or to an individual man (the one who is brave).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:39:25.957" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:39:25.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21168" CreationDate="2017-06-08T23:06:41.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Hispanoamérica algunas veces se utiliza la expresión &lt;strong&gt;no da su brazo a torcer​&lt;/strong&gt; cuando una persona se niega a hacer algo o no es fácil de doblegar su voluntad a petición de algo o alguna persona. A mi parecer es similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13696" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T08:38:01.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T08:38:01.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21168" CreationDate="2017-06-08T23:54:03.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Doblar la mano,&lt;/strong&gt; en el contexto del juego de barajas &lt;em&gt;Póker,&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares es una jugada específica en la que se duplica la apuesta para vencer a tu oponente, quién al encontrar el riesgo de perder demasiado alto; ante tu aparente seguridad al doblar/duplicar tu apuesta, debe &lt;strong&gt;bajar&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;fold&lt;/em&gt;/doblar) su mano &lt;strong&gt;cortando sus pérdidas&lt;/strong&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;cutting their losses&lt;/em&gt;), perdiendo su &lt;strong&gt;entrada&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;) o capital arriesgado hasta ese punto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos estos casos la &lt;strong&gt;mano&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;hand&lt;/em&gt;) es el conjunto de cartas que has recibido en el transcurso del juego hasta el punto de &lt;strong&gt;levantar&lt;/strong&gt; apuestas (&lt;em&gt;rise&lt;/em&gt; stakes) para eliminar a los jugadores con &lt;strong&gt;manos&lt;/strong&gt; más débiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más probable que el origen de este modismo tenga sus raíces en las barajas inglesas y sus respectivas traducciones casi perfectamente paralelas a que el origen sea una imaginaria confrontación física .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T23:54:03.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21189" CreationDate="2017-06-09T06:21:43.467" Score="3" ViewCount="1278" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras terminamos de debatir si &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21167/12637&quot;&gt;el sujeto del verbo comprobar debe ser algo con capacidad de raciocinio&lt;/a&gt;, me he dado cuenta de una cosa: los verbos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A3csXkj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comprobar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;confirmar la veracidad o exactitud de algo&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CAqWkEB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demostrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;probar, sirviéndose de cualquier género de demostración&quot;, siendo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UEEVr9n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;probar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; a su vez &quot;justificar, manifestar y hacer patente la certeza de un hecho o la verdad de algo con razones, instrumentos o testigos&quot;) tienen significados similares. En última instancia, como se ha visto, los dos refieren el hecho de verificar la certeza de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos verbos son transitivos: el objeto directo es lo que se comprueba o demuestra. La diferencia que les veo es que el verbo &lt;em&gt;comprobar&lt;/em&gt; se usa casi siempre sin complemento indirecto, mientras que &lt;em&gt;demostrar&lt;/em&gt; sí puede hacerlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo le demostré a Pepe que podía hacerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(Frase correctamente construida.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo le comprobé a Pepe que podía hacerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(Frase que me suena rara.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni siquiera tengo claro si la segunda frase es correcta o no, dado que habitualmente quien comprueba algo (o lo que comprueba algo) lo hace para sí mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo comprobé que podía hacerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;(Frase correctamente construida.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la pregunta va más bien por otro camino: ¿existen verbos que no admitan complemento indirecto? Si es así, ¿existe alguna denominación para ese tipo de verbos que no admiten complemento indirecto, similar a la clasificación &quot;transitivo/intransitivo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización: coincidiendo con el comentario de Brian, me di cuenta, después, que sí se puede usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;comprobar&lt;/em&gt; con complemento indirecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Podría mirar si hay vuelos disponibles para mañana?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Un momento que se lo compruebo ahora mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual no invalida la pregunta en sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T03:25:21.010" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T13:51:10.387" Title="¿Existen verbos que no admitan complemento indirecto? En caso afirmativo, ¿existe alguna denominación para ellos?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21182" CreationDate="2017-06-09T08:56:42.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que buscas son los verbos impersonales. Los relacionados con la meteorología son un buen ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Va a &lt;em&gt;llover&lt;/em&gt; mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Justo antes de &lt;em&gt;amanecer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nieva&lt;/em&gt; en los Picos de Europa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mientras no &lt;em&gt;granice&lt;/em&gt;, podemos ir en coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Relampaguear&lt;/em&gt; (se dice le cayo un relámpago a alguien)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anochecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tronar&lt;/em&gt;,...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T08:56:42.943" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21167" CreationDate="2017-06-09T09:04:07.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso he tenido que recurrir a la RAE. El tuit de consulta fue &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/872829530402160640&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué me suena raro &quot;Eso comprueba que le caigo bien&quot;? ¿Necesita el verbo &quot;comprobar&quot; un sujeto con capacidad de raciocinio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de la RAE se hizo esperar más de 24 horas, un tiempo superior al que (a mí particularmente) me tiene acostumbrado, y fue &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/873099348929765376&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, la definición del DLE no lo deja claro, pero es así. En el contexto que propone, el verbo apropiado es «probar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la RAE confirma que el verbo &lt;em&gt;comprobar&lt;/em&gt; necesita un sujeto con capacidad de raciocinio, sea este un ser humano, un animal, o incluso un algoritmo (que, a fin de cuentas, está diseñado por un humano, así que es como si el que comprueba fuese el humano que lo programó, aunque esto es una discusión filosófica que va más allá del propósito de este sitio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T09:04:07.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21168" CreationDate="2017-06-09T12:55:28.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se refiere a lo que en Chile llamamos &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer un gallito&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, y que aparece en la Wikipedia con el nombre de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pulsear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Cuando estás haciendo un gallito tienes que tener la muñeca extendida. Si la doblas pierdes, aunque el brazo no toque la mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Doblarle la mano&lt;/em&gt; a alguien es simplemente &quot;vencerlo&quot;. Generalmente se refiere a discusiones o argumentaciones, no a asuntos físicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T12:55:28.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21187" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:53:20.803" Score="2" ViewCount="685" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo habría creído &lt;em&gt;si ella misma &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; se lo hubiera contado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez me esté equivocando pero ¿puede ser que la negación &quot;no&quot; en la oración subordinada transfiera la perspectiva de irreal a real? Se lo contó, entonces se trata de una acción que sucedió en el pasado. ¿O no?... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:44:05.940" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:44:05.940" Title="Oración condicional contrafactual (negada mediante &quot;no&quot;)" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;negación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21186" CreationDate="2017-06-09T20:14:34.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las condicionales contrafactuales se caracterizan por que la realidad fáctica contradice la prótasis (condición) y la apódosis (resultado), de modo que lo que realmente ocurrió puede expresarse por sendas cláusulas en el sentido opuesto: si la condición o el resultado son afirmativos, la realidad se expresa en negativo, y si son negativos, la realidad se expresa en afirmativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo habría creído (afirmativo) si ella se lo hubiera contado (afirmativo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La realidad es que ella &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; se lo contó y, en consecuencia, él &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; lo creyó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración en cuestión tiene ambas cláusulas (la principal y la condicional) en negativo. Por lo tanto, la realidad se expresa mediante el afirmativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No lo habría creído si ella misma no se lo hubiera contado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La realidad es que ella &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; se lo contó y, por lo tanto, él &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; lo creyó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos encontrar casos que combinan afirmativo y negativo en la contrafactual: la situación real se expresará en el sentido contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo habría creído si ella no le hubiera insistido (pero ella le insistió y él no lo creyó, pues desconfiaba de su insistencia).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No lo habría creído si ella le hubiera insistido (pero ella no le insistió y él lo creyó).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T20:14:34.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21186" CreationDate="2017-06-09T22:17:48.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encantó la explicación de Gustavson.&#xA;Solo quiero añadir que las conjugaciones verbales usadas en los ejemplos nos dan la pauta para que la oración sea contrafactual. Cabe mencionar algunos casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No todas las construcciones de prótasis y apódosis nos llevan a una situación contrafactual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si vienes mañana, te lo cuento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si viniera hoy, le diría que me gusta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para ser considerada contrafactual la prótasis debe estar en pretérito pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo; es decir, un hecho que ya no tiene posibilidad de revertirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubieras venido más temprano, lo hubieras visto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No lo hubiese creído si mis ojos no lo hubiesen visto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede obviar cualquier parte de la construcción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Caray! No lo hubiera creído...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si tan solo me lo hubiera contado antes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T23:15:37.747" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T23:15:37.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21182" CreationDate="2017-06-10T00:20:56.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen verbos &lt;strong&gt;monotransitivos&lt;/strong&gt; que sólo admiten objeto directo. Me parece que son escasos porque inclusive aquéllos que no aceptan un OI argumental (seleccionado por el verbo) suelen aceptar un OI no argumental de tipo dativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos que he encontrado hojeando el &quot;Manual de gramática del español&quot; de Ángela Di Tullio que ni siquiera aceptarían un dativo son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manuel &lt;strong&gt;adora&lt;/strong&gt; la música rock.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Temíamos&lt;/strong&gt; la llegada de Julián.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Necesito&lt;/strong&gt; un secretario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T13:51:10.387" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T13:51:10.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20796" CreationDate="2017-06-11T10:39:03.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que hoy en día usamos una terminología bastante apartada del origen del concepto en latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como apunta @CarlosAlejo, para el negocio jurídico de compraventa se mantienen los dos aspectos del mismo, la &lt;em&gt;compra&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;venta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Derecho Romano se denominaba como &lt;em&gt;&quot;emptio-venditio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; a la compraventa.  Evidentemente &lt;em&gt;&quot;emptio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es comprar y &lt;em&gt;&quot;venditio&quot;&lt;/em&gt; vender.  Desconozco en qué momento se sustituyó la raíz &lt;em&gt;&quot;emptum&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, por la de &lt;em&gt;&quot;comparare&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, en Derecho Romano, y no olvidemos que es la fuente y origen del Derecho moderno occidental, el contrato de arrendamiento se denominaba &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;locatio-conductio&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  De este modo, se denominaba &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;loco, locare&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el acto de ceder en arrenamiento y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;conducere&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al de tomarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien no está reconocido por la R.A.E. como verbo, se sigue usando el término &lt;strong&gt;&quot;locar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, y la R.A.E. sí reconoce el término &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NXeOXqS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;locación&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como sinónimo del &lt;em&gt;acto de arrendar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los juristas usamos el verbo &quot;locar&quot; bastante en contratos, demandas, recursos, dictámenes,... yo mismo he usado alguna vez el término &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;locador&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de arrendador.  Cualquier jurista (abogado, notario, juez, fiscal, registrador, ...) lo va a interpretar correctamente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;&quot;locatario&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de arrendatario sí está reconocido por la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NXs2Svc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;R.A.E.&lt;/a&gt;  Extrañamente, no ocurre lo mismo con su contraparte: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;locador&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La enciclopedia Espasa sí recoge el término &lt;a href=&quot;http://espasa.planetasaber.com/search/results.asp?txt=locador&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;locador&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;arrendado&lt;/strong&gt;r.  Creo que en hispanoamérica sí se utilizan más estos términos en un ámbito general y no estrictamente jurídico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Las Siete Partidas&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; de Alfonso X &lt;em&gt;El Sabio&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Ley XVIII del Título VIII de la Partida V:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Cómo despues que es complido el tiempo del arrendamiento ó del&#xA;  loguero, deber seer tornada la cosa á su dueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Complido seyendo el tiempo del arrendamiento ó del loguero, debe seer&#xA;  tornada la cosa asi fuese dada á su señor.  Et si por aventura fuese&#xA;  rebelle el que la toviere, non la queriendo entregar asi como&#xA;  sobredicho es fasta que fuese dado juicio contra él, débela despues&#xA;  tornar doblada a quel que gela arrendó ó gela logó, ó á sus herederos.&#xA;  Otrosi quando algunt menoscabo veniere en aquella cosa por su culpa,&#xA;  débelo pechar.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2881" LastEditorUserId="2881" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T09:05:27.333" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T09:05:27.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-11T10:47:07.547" Score="4" ViewCount="9470" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de la lengua se &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WUyYSwW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recoge&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de perdidos al río&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. expr. coloq. U. para expresar que una vez empezada una acción hay que aceptar todas las consecuencias y procurar llevarla a término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde procede esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T19:44:24.213" LastActivityDate="2020-06-23T16:48:43.747" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;de perdidos al río&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21191" CreationDate="2017-06-11T12:45:32.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; tiene un &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refranero multilingüe&lt;/a&gt; que, al respecto de este refrán, dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=58474&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se emplea para indicar que, ante una situación muy difícil, se opta por la solución más descabellada, en este caso representada por la decisión de tirarse al río, por ejemplo, ante el avance del enemigo o un fuego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como explicación, postula la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Parece que esta frase proviene de las batallas, cuando en otros tiempos la principal maniobra para derrotar al enemigo consistía en empujarlo hasta que llegase a orillas del río. Así, al tener a su espalda el río, se reduciría su capacidad de maniobra y perdería la batalla, pues o se tiraban al río si no querían morir o se rendían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T12:45:32.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21243" CreationDate="2017-06-11T20:09:42.113" Score="4" ViewCount="37935" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando leo artículos en Internet y estos contienen citas, normalmente están rodeados de esos símbolos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede escribir este símbolo con el teclado? ¿Tienen algún significado más allá del estético o estilografico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De ser así, cuándo es apropiado usarlas, en contraste con las comillas comunes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16955" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T07:37:36.103" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:15:05.190" Title="¿Cómo se usan los símbolos &quot;«&quot; y &quot;»&quot;, es decir, las comillas angulares, latinas o españolas?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21231" CreationDate="2017-06-12T17:11:01.093" Score="3" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;El siguiente texto es la introducción que V hace para presentarse formalmente a Eve Hammond en &lt;em&gt;V for Vendetta&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voilà! In view, a humble vaudevillian veteran, cast vicariously as both victim and villain by the vicissitudes of Fate. This visage, no mere veneer of vanity, is a vestige of the vox populi, now vacant, vanished. However, this valorous visitation of a by-gone vexation, stands vivified and has vowed to vanquish these venal and virulent vermin vanguarding vice and vouchsafing the violently vicious and voracious violation of volition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto contiene un cierto juego de palabras, al introducir el mayor número posible de veces palabras que empiecen por la letra &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt;. Una posible traducción podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Veamos! A primera vista, un humilde veterano de vodevil en el papel de víctima y villano por vicisitudes del destino. Este visaje, ya no más velo de vanidad, es un vestigio de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c4J6bch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vox populi&lt;/a&gt;, ahora vacua, desvanecida. Sin embargo, esta valerosa visión de una extinta vejación se siente revivida y ha hecho voto de vencer el vil veneno de estas víboras en avanzada que velan por los violentos viciosos y por la violación de la voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para esta edición del juego, cada palabra que empiece por &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt; descuenta una letra del total de caracteres. Mi propuesta son 347 caracteres, como 26 palabras empiezan por &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt;, mi total es &lt;strong&gt;321&lt;/strong&gt; (347-26).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordad seguir &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;las normas publicadas en &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Como siempre, la traducción fiel &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con menos caracteres&lt;/a&gt; gana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ganador @JMVanPelt con 287 caracteres!. @JMVanPelt, como ganador es tu privilegio comenzar el siguiente juego si quieres. Si no, en dos días cualquier otro usuario puede proponer un nuevo juego. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias a todos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:11:21.363" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:11:21.363" Title="Translation-golf IX: V's introduction" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;aliteración&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-12T17:11:11.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21201" CreationDate="2017-06-13T04:43:42.933" Score="4" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el segundo pulso de un compás es usualmente &quot;weak&quot; mientras el primero es &quot;strong.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the second beat of a measure is usually &quot;weak&quot; while the first is &quot;strong&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8690" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T09:43:48.827" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T09:43:48.827" Title="¿Traducción de &quot;strong&quot; y &quot;weak&quot; con respecto el pulso de un compás musical?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-13T05:50:45.550" Score="2" ViewCount="858" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7DCRVC3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Darse con un canto en los dientes, en los nudillos, o en los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. locs. verbs. coloqs. Darse por contento cuando lo que ocurre es más favorable o menos adverso de lo que podía esperarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16965" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T06:09:46.620" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T06:53:50.390" Title="¿De dónde viene lo de &quot;darse con un canto en los dientes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-13T05:56:19.593" Score="6" ViewCount="3925" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/galicia/2017/04/21/dia-presenta-denuncia-okupacion-viviendas-galicia/0003_201704G21P10991.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un titular&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada día se presenta una denuncia por &lt;strong&gt;okupación&lt;/strong&gt; de viviendas en Galicia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No debería escribirse con &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de con &lt;strong&gt;k&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16966" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T07:29:39.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T07:29:39.810" Title="¿Por qué &quot;okupación&quot; y no &quot;ocupación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21197" CreationDate="2017-06-13T06:33:52.793" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE ya lo menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QySCSeP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;okupar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;De ocupar, con k, letra que refleja una voluntad de transgresión de las normas ortográficas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. jerg. Tomar una vivienda o un local deshabitados e instalarse en ellos sin el consentimiento de su propietario. Un centenar de personas okupó un edificio vacío. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, la okupación es un acto de protesta hecha por colectivos especialmente beligerantes con la sociedad, etc. De ahí que se opte por infringir la regla de usar &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; en este caso y usar la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;, del mismo modo que en muchas ocasiones se escribe &lt;em&gt;akí&lt;/em&gt; o similares (si bien esto podría venir de la época en la que se enviaban mensajes de texto SMS y el límite de 140 caracteres obligaba a economizar donde se podía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu habla de ello en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/okupa-palabra-correcta-en-espanol-819/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;okupa, palabra correcta en español&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debido a que el uso de okupa y de términos derivados —como okupar, okupación…— está ya muy asentado en países como España, la Argentina y Chile, no es necesario aplicarles ningún resalte, y así se recoge en la Ortografía de la Real Academia Española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese la diferencia con la acepción técnica típica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qu5i3z8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ocupar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. occupāre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Tomar posesión o apoderarse de un territorio, de un lugar, de un edificio, etc., invadiéndolo o instalándose en él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería ver cuándo entró en el diccionario, pero el Mapa de diccionarios hoy no funciona. Sin embargo, Fundéu dice en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/el-drae-incluira-el-termino-okupa-en-su-proxima-edicion-779/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El DRAE incluirá el término «okupa» en su próxima edición&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas palabras aparecerán en el DRAE precedidas por la marca «España», para explicar a los usuarios del diccionario que se trata de un uso propio del español de ese país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España estos términos no necesitarán, por tanto, escribirse entre comillas o en cursiva, a diferencia de la mayoría de los países hispanos, donde al no ser utilizados habitualmente se seguirán escribiendo con comillas o en cursiva para destacar que no son de uso común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Okupa, okupar y okupación quedarán incluidas en la próxima edición del Diccionario de la lengua española, prevista para aproximadamente el año 2010, con el significado de ‘persona que se instala en una vivienda deshabitada sin consentimiento del propietario’ y de ‘tomar como propio, y sin consentimiento del dueño legal, una vivienda o local desocupados’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Ediciones_DRAE_17-10-2014.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;primera edición del DLE después de 2010 fue el de 2014&lt;/a&gt;, podemos asumir que ese fue el año de inclusión. Eso sí, la palabra no lleva la marca «España».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros enlaces de interés de Fundéu al respecto de este uso &lt;em&gt;raro&lt;/em&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-esquina-del-idioma-okupar-y-okupa/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La esquina del idioma: «okupar» y «okupa»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/hablemos-espanol-sobre-la-letra-k-4640/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HABLEMOS ESPAÑOL: SOBRE LA LETRA K&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T06:40:54.800" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T06:40:54.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21196" CreationDate="2017-06-13T06:53:50.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión es muy curiosa, y parece que originalmente se decía &lt;em&gt;darse con un canto en los pechos&lt;/em&gt; (entendiéndose &lt;em&gt;canto&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;piedra&lt;/em&gt;), tal y como registra el DLE allá por 1889:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Darse&lt;/strong&gt; uno &lt;strong&gt;con un canto en los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;. fr. fig. y fam. Darse por contento, cuando lo que ocurre es más faborable ó menos adverso de lo que podía esperarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la definición no ha variado mucho desde entonces. Bastante más antigua es, sin embargo, esta otra que es prima hermana y que ya aparece en la segunda edición del DLE, de 1780:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con un canto a los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;. expr. fam. Con mucho gusto y complacencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según parece, todo proviene de antiguos ritos de mortificación llevados a cabo por los cristianos. El texto más significativo que he encontrado que lo demuestra es este (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y es que los que comen suelen pedir licencia para echar un poco de ceniza en lo que comen. Y esta licencia la pide, en nombre del que come, habiéndoselo así dicho, el servidor. Y dándola el prelado, va y llévele el plato de ceniza que está en la mesa traviesa y con una cucharilla echa en el manjar y comida lo que Dios le da a entender. Confieso que para esta mortificación no he dado licencia de buena gana, porque esto suele ser enfermo por ser cosa muy fuerte la ceniza y poderle en la garganta hacer alguna llaga o en las tripas. Pueden usar de otras en lugar de ésta, como es no comer vinagre ni sal en tantos días o pedir licencia para destemplar y quitar el gusto al manjar con una poca de agua fría.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Para el refectorio paréceme bastan estas mortificaciones, sin hacer en éstas o en otras semejantes ningún género de estremo. Algunas veces se ha hecho en nuestro refectorio y fuera de él una mortificación de &lt;strong&gt;darse con un canto en los pechos&lt;/strong&gt;, y ésta me parece muy justo que no se consienta más, por el daño que puede hacer a la tal persona; y los que lo ven no se edifican, sino reciben pena y notable disgusto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;San Juan Bautista de la Concepción (Juan García Gómez), &quot;De los oficios más comunes&quot;, c. 1607 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que en el siglo XVII ya se consideraba esta mortificación (que, recordemos, significa en este contexto &quot;domar las pasiones castigando el cuerpo y refrenando la voluntad&quot;) como algo excesivo. Posiblemente por ser algo excesivo pasó a formar parte del habla coloquial, dado lo mucho que nos gustan las exageraciones en España. Es fácil entender cómo la expresión pasó primero a significar &quot;hacer algo con gusto&quot;, como indicando que a pesar de ser una mortificación excesiva se hace con complacencia por el bien que te produce, y posteriormente a usarse para decir que debes mortificarte de esa forma para alejar los malos pensamientos que te puedan originar algo que ha sucedido, pero que no es tan malo como piensas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que ya por aquel siglo XVII se usaba medio en serio medio figuradamente, aunque no pasara al diccionario hasta bastante más tarde, tal y como lo demuestra este otro texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sé cómo podremos sacar a mi hermano y volver a mi alma a su casa. Mal haya el diablo, a fe que &lt;strong&gt;se podría Cervino dar con un canto en los pechos&lt;/strong&gt; antes que me sacara la presa de las manos, a no tener tal prenda... en su casa. ¡Oh, qué terrible cosa es haber por fuerza de refrenar el apetito y gusto, y privarse de su contento!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego Alfonso Velásquez de Velasco, &quot;El celoso&quot;, 1602 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las variantes de darse en los nudillos o en los dientes son posteriores. Concretamente, en el CORDE los primeros casos de esta última se dan ya entrado el siglo XX, entrando dichas variantes en el DLE en la edición de 1970. Veamos un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A veces, el que rabia por cantar, porque rabia, cruje, rechina los dientes, como si estuviera condenado. El rechinar de dientes es una música infernal poética. Un estremecimiento siempre nuevo (temor divino o terror pánico) es lo que alarga los dientes, haciéndolos crujir de ese modo. Baudelaire se creía condenado para eso: para poder cantar entre dientes, rechinándolos como un condenado. No ahínca sus dientes blancos en las cosas el pensamiento -su hambre ideal de cosa, su ansia de realidad-, sin antes sentirse condenado: hondo, hueco, vacío. Y canta. O es canto el eco de su rabiosa poesía cuando se da, porque se da, &lt;strong&gt;con un canto en los dientes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Bergamín, &quot;Artículos&quot;, 1923-1974 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que &quot;darse en los pechos&quot; quedó un poco anticuado y se buscaron otras formas mucho más expresivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T06:53:50.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21194" CreationDate="2017-06-13T07:36:01.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;330 caracteres - 32 V's = 298 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he liado un poco con la última parte, pero allá va:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ahí va! Ves aquí a un humil veterano del vodevil, a quien las vicisitudes del hado colocaron como víctima y villano. Esta vis, no más válida vanidad, es un vestigio del &lt;em&gt;vox populi&lt;/em&gt;, ya vacante, vacío. Pero esta valiente visita de una vieja vejación, se vivifica y vota vencer a los viciosos, verminosos, venenosos y virulentos vanguardistas que velan por los violentos vicios y la voraz violación de la voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voilà: no viene en el DLE, pero al ser una palabra que tampoco pertenece al idioma original del texto, considero oportuno dejarla igualmente en su idioma original, además de ser una expresión muy conocida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Koh4oIY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Humil&lt;/a&gt;: sinónimo en desuso de &quot;humilde&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JxsZGaS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hado&lt;/a&gt;: sinónimo de &quot;destino&quot;, tiene la misma raíz etimológica que &quot;fate&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bubBGiP%7CbubxMcv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vis&lt;/a&gt;: dado que &quot;vis a vis&quot; es &quot;cara a cara&quot;, considero &quot;vis&quot; como &quot;cara&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c4J6bch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vox populi&lt;/a&gt;: expresión latina recogida por el DLE, se respeta así el original.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c4FFqHA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Votar&lt;/a&gt;: se puede usar como sinónimo de &quot;jurar&quot;, dado que significa &quot;hacer voto a Dios o a los santos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para cumplir las reglas del juego, cambio &quot;voilà&quot; por &quot;ahí va&quot;. Misma cantidad de letras y mismo bonus por &quot;va&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T14:07:24.353" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T14:07:24.353" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-13T07:36:01.683" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21195" CreationDate="2017-06-13T09:42:58.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda rápida nos descubre muchos artículos de bastante fiabilidad que indican que la traducción por defecto parece la válida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;strong&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;fuerte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;weak&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;débil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprende-gratis.com/teoria-musical/curso.php?lec=tiempos-fuertes&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Teoría musical - Lección 9: Tiempos fuertes y débiles&lt;/a&gt; se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No todos los tiempos son iguales. Existe un dinamismo entre ellos que hace que no todos suenen con la misma intensidad. Es decir, hay unos tiempos que suenan más fuertes que otros. De hecho, siempre e intuitivamente, al marcar un ritmo se refleja este dinamismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen tres tipos de acentos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FUERTE - SEMIFUERTE - DÉBIL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T09:42:58.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21203" CreationDate="2017-06-13T12:20:14.013" Score="3" ViewCount="1051" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the &quot;Mi Vida Loca&quot; BBC episodes (a nice intro to Spanish), I came across the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hombre, ¿qué tal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it was translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey, how are you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I though hombre meant &quot;man&quot;: can it also mean &quot;hey&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T12:27:23.620" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T21:47:49.217" Title="Can &quot;Hombre&quot; be translated to &quot;hey&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21202" CreationDate="2017-06-13T12:54:54.143" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;'hombre'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is being used just as a &lt;strong&gt;greeting&lt;/strong&gt;, not in the literal sense, so translating it like &quot;man&quot; would make less sense —just like you wouldn't translate &quot;What's up?&quot; to &lt;em&gt;&quot;Qué hay arriba?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could easily find examples like &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Hombre, María! ¿Qué tal?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; where it is more or less clear that &lt;em&gt;'hombre'&lt;/em&gt; does not refer to &lt;em&gt;'María'&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;translating it like &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hey&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is OK&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:27:30.147" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:27:30.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21215" CreationDate="2017-06-13T14:43:00.363" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota: en esta pregunta hablo de &quot;lo interior&quot; porque es el ejemplo que he visto en el CORDE, pero imagino que servirá para muchas otras expresiones.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este tiempo de búsquedas y más búsquedas en el CORDE, una expresión que me ha resultado llamativa es &quot;lo interior&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un ruido extemporáneo en lo interior de la casa les sacó de la sombría contemplación de su desgracia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;7 de julio&quot;, 1876 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que en tiempos esta fue la forma culta de referirse a &quot;el interior&quot;. Sin embargo, en algún momento la RAE debió de cambiar la norma y hoy día en la frase mencionada usaríamos &quot;el interior&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Ngram &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el%20interior%2Clo%20interior&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cel%20interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bel%20interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BEl%20interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%3Bel%20Interior%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Clo%20interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Blo%20interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%3Blo%20Interior%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BLo%20interior%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se ve muy claramente&lt;/a&gt; este cambio reflejado, con una caída del uso de &quot;lo interior&quot; que comienza casi llegando a 1840, y un declive final que comienza hacia 1880, mientras que &quot;el interior&quot; inicia su ascenso hacia 1820:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e4BfV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e4BfV.png&quot; alt=&quot;lo interior/el interior&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué argumentos se daban antiguamente para considerar &quot;lo interior&quot; como válido? ¿Por qué motivo cambio la RAE de parecer? ¿Cuándo se produjo exactamente el cambio en la gramática?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T16:17:04.857" Title="¿Cuándo pasó &quot;lo interior&quot; a ser &quot;el interior&quot;? ¿Qué motivos dio la RAE para el cambio?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21213" CreationDate="2017-06-13T15:55:37.797" Score="6" ViewCount="3214" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cómo se dice __&quot;, meaning &quot;how do you say __&quot;, is confusing me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is there &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;? Why is &lt;em&gt;dice&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;él/ella/usted&lt;/em&gt; (3rd) form if &quot;cómo se dice&quot; means &quot;how do &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; say __&quot;? Why isn't it &quot;cómo dices&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T17:00:14.567" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T06:10:42.217" Title="Why isn't &quot;cómo se dice&quot; &quot;cómo dices&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21205" CreationDate="2017-06-13T16:16:14.290" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we make a distinction often between &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; you&lt;/em&gt; (the person we're taking to) and &lt;em&gt;you, generally&lt;/em&gt; (a non-specific person, that is, &lt;em&gt;how does one say...?&lt;/em&gt;). When we ask &lt;em&gt;how do you say...?&lt;/em&gt; we more often than not are speaking generally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has its own structures to speak generically, and that's what you see here, specifically this is the &lt;em&gt;se impersonal&lt;/em&gt;. If we cared specifically about how the person we're speaking with would say a word (as opposed to other people, perhaps), then &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo. dices...?&lt;/em&gt; would be more appropriate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:16:14.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21202" CreationDate="2017-06-13T19:10:43.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this sentence &quot;man&quot; is just an expression, it does not refer to the actual gender. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore &quot;Hey, how are you?&quot; is an acceptable translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &quot;Buddy, how are you?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16970" LastEditorUserId="11511" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T21:47:49.217" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T21:47:49.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21205" CreationDate="2017-06-13T19:23:52.800" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To express &lt;strong&gt;how do you say __??&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish you can use either of your alternatives but in different contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to ask &lt;strong&gt;in general&lt;/strong&gt; how something is pronounced the you will use the &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &lt;em&gt;chicken&lt;/em&gt; en español?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;em&gt;Chicken&lt;/em&gt; en español se dice pollo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to ask a person how does he/she say something &lt;strong&gt;specific&lt;/strong&gt; then you ask a personal question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo dices [tú] &lt;em&gt;car&lt;/em&gt; en español?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo digo &lt;em&gt;carro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿y cómo dice &lt;em&gt;car&lt;/em&gt; en español alguien de España?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ellos dicen &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no such a distinction in English because when you ask &lt;strong&gt;how do you...&lt;/strong&gt; you could be asking to a specific [you] person or you could be making a general/impersonal question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T06:33:30.907" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T06:33:30.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21211" CreationDate="2017-06-13T23:07:56.253" Score="2" ViewCount="5649" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero enfatizar la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me voy a dormir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pensé usar &lt;strong&gt;ah&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que fonéticamente fue lo que primero se me ocurrió. Quedando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ah! Me voy a dormir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero una visita rápida al diccionario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1GNbcOe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. U. para denotar pena, admiración, sorpresa o sentimientos similares.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. Am. U. para interrogar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué interjección puedo usar para describir aburrimiento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastEditorUserId="14530" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T13:39:12.080" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T13:56:05.263" Title="¿Cómo puedo denotar que alguien bostezó de aburrimiento?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2017-06-14T01:19:03.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cosas que pasan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mierdas que pasan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en contexto más informal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16975" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T05:37:06.120" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T05:37:06.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21209" CreationDate="2017-06-14T01:43:41.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay consenso acerca de cuál es la onomatopeya (una palabra que representa un sonido o un fenómeno visual.) del bostezo. Unos dirán que &amp;quot;uah&amp;quot; otros que &amp;quot;ouahh&amp;quot; y otros que &amp;quot;oooouaahhhh&amp;quot;. Prueba a buscar en Google &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=onomatopeya%20bostezo&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;onomatopeya bostezo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; y verás como cada cual propone lo que le parece, a diferencia de lo que puede pasar con la onomatopeya de un estornudo, por ejemplo, donde casi todo el mundo dirá que suena de la misma manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar el propio verbo &lt;code&gt;bostezar&lt;/code&gt; dependiendo de cómo lo narres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Me voy a dormir&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;bostezó&lt;/em&gt; Diego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Me voy a dormir&amp;quot; dije con un &lt;em&gt;bostezo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la manera en lo que lo necesitas, debes de hecho &amp;quot;saltarte las reglas&amp;quot; pues las onomatopeyas, para ser fieles al sonido que intentan representar no se atan a normas. Por ejemplo, si quiero representar que hay una mosca volando puedo usar &amp;quot;Bzzzzz&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Bzzzzzzzzz&amp;quot;. El número de zetas va a dar igual para transmitir el mensaje. Luego, dentro del texto, a las onomatopeyas se las trata como al resto de las palabras, sin necesidad de ponerlas entrecomilladas ni nada similar (salvo que estén dentro de una cita).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T01:43:41.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21202" CreationDate="2017-06-14T01:59:52.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, &quot;man&quot; can also be used as &quot;hey bro&quot; or another type of greeting. Spanish is not the same as English: Spanish sometimes uses words that refer not to their literal sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it may be a bit confusing, it's true. Thanks for asking!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16977" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T05:36:31.680" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T05:36:31.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21205" CreationDate="2017-06-14T02:02:04.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, it's possible to ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you say &amp;quot;father&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does one say &amp;quot;father&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two questions are equivalent, because &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; has two meanings in English: first, a personal pronoun, as in &amp;quot;Do you want my phone number?&amp;quot; and second, &amp;quot;an unspecified person or people in general&amp;quot;, as in &amp;quot;You get tired quicker when it's very hot out&amp;quot; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/you&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/you&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; has the personal pronoun meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there is a third way you &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; do it in English, although it's a bit weird:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is &amp;quot;father&amp;quot; said?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the &lt;em&gt;passive voice&lt;/em&gt;.  And the passive is what is commonly used in Spanish for vocabulary questions.  The passive is usually handled in Spanish by making the verb reflexive.  Here are some examples of a reflexive verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El perro se rasca. (The dog scratches itself.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me odio.  (I hate myself.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here are some reflexive verbs that function as passive expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se contestan las preguntas en la clase.  (Questions are answered in class.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las calificaciones se anuncian mañana.  (Grades are announced tomorrow.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that is the construction used in Spanish to talk about vocabulary, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, &amp;quot;padre&amp;quot; se traduce como &amp;quot;father.&amp;quot;  (In English, &amp;quot;padre&amp;quot; is translated as &amp;quot;father.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, &amp;quot;papá&amp;quot; se dice más comúnmente que &amp;quot;padre.&amp;quot;  (In Spanish, &amp;quot;papá&amp;quot; is said more commonly than &amp;quot;father.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note: occasionally, you might hear &amp;quot;Cómo dices 'beans'?&amp;quot; because the exact vocabulary item for &amp;quot;beans&amp;quot; will depend on the country the speaker is from.  In one country, the commonly used word will be &amp;quot;frijoles&amp;quot; but in another country it might be something else, such as &amp;quot;habichuelas.&amp;quot;  So in this case, one person might ask a friend from a different Spanish-speaking country, &amp;quot;How do you, personally, say 'beans'?&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;¿Cómo dices tú 'beans'?&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T02:02:04.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21216" CreationDate="2017-06-14T02:16:28.077" Score="1" ViewCount="2343" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snafu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SNAFU&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión idiomática de origen militar que significa &quot;Situation Normal, All Fucked Up&quot;. El término tiene su origen durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y sirve para expresar el caos y la confusión reinante desde la perspectiva de un soldado cualquiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión se usa para describir cualquier situación ridículamente caótica en cualquier otro ámbito. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posible traducción al español sería &quot;Lo normal, todo jodido&quot; o &quot;lo normal, todo patas arriba&quot; o &quot;lo normal, todo manga por hombro&quot;. ¿Hay algún modismo en español que tenga el mismo significado pero que ya incluya de por sí el &quot;lo normal&quot; para expresar &quot;la situación normal en que reina el caos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T06:12:18.047" LastActivityDate="2020-08-10T03:38:48.857" Title="Posible traducción en español para SNAFU" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21204" CreationDate="2017-06-14T06:50:08.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que la RAE tuviera nada que ver con esto; simplemente, el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;interior&lt;/em&gt; se fue sustantivando, y de ahí el cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando decimos &lt;em&gt;el interior de la casa&lt;/em&gt; estamos usando la séptima acepción del DLE (parte interior de algo), que no es sino la sustantivación directa del adjetivo; pero esta acepción no aparece hasta el año 1925; anteriormente, la palabra &lt;em&gt;interior&lt;/em&gt; solo es un adjetivo, o un sustantivo con significados muy específicos. En concreto, en el diccionario de 1884 (ocho años después del texto de Galdós), el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;interior&lt;/em&gt; solo tenía dos significados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En los coches de tres divisiones ó cajas, la de enmedio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pl. Entrañas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, al ser un adjetivo, había que usar el artículo neutro (que para muchos lingüistas es, en realidad, un pronombre). Hoy día, en cambio, el adjetivo está plenamente sustantivado y lo utilizamos con el artículo masculino, con ese sentido de &lt;em&gt;parte interior&lt;/em&gt; que mencionaba antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T16:17:04.857" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T16:17:04.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21214" CreationDate="2017-06-14T06:57:32.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Ante todo: gracias por descubrirnos este término, no lo conocía y los enlaces me hicieron llegar a otros (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_slang_terms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;List of military slang terms&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) de similar hilaridad :)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;SNAFU&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;situación normal, todo jodido&lt;/em&gt;, donde &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=fucked-up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fucked-up&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; puede traducirse también como &lt;em&gt;hecho mierda&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hecho polvo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pa la cagá&lt;/em&gt;... según el país en el que se diga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que comentas, la expresión saltó del contexto de la guerra y pasó a ser utilizada de forma habitual. Entiendo pues que uno puede llegar a casa, encontrarse a los niños corriendo en pelotas por la casa, el perro ladrando, la abuela protestando y la lavadora por tender...  y decir &lt;em&gt;estamos SNAFU&lt;/em&gt;. Suponiendo que ese es el uso, podríamos utilizar algo así como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el caos habitual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, denotando la normalidad de que todo esté patas para arriba, donde &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7HD3hMJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;caos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;em&gt;Confusión, desorden&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T06:57:32.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21219" CreationDate="2017-06-14T07:04:04.990" Score="3" ViewCount="1368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno tiene ropa sucia, la pone en la lavadora. Pasado el rato, cuando está limpia pero mojada, uno la saca de la máquina y la tiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi casa denominamos este paso &lt;em&gt;tender la lavadora&lt;/em&gt;. Es claro el significado, pero literalmente querría decir que elevamos la máquina (que pesa lo suyo), y la suspendemos con unas pinzas. Irreal, vaya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto pues si existe algún tipo de palabra o expresión que quiera decir esto mismo y que se pueda utilizar tanto en España como en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE habla de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9jD2Ahi%7C9jHF3Yj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;colada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de colar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Lejía en que se cuela la ropa.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ropa colada.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Lavado de ropa sucia de una casa.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ropa lavada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de ahí que se diga &lt;em&gt;hacer la colada&lt;/em&gt; al acto de lavar la ropa. Siguiendo esta línea de pensamiento, parece que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tender la colada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; podría ser la solución, pero la verdad es que nunca lo he oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-12-23T15:13:37.303" Title="¿Cómo designamos a la acción de tender la ropa que hemos sacado limpia de la lavadora?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20113" CreationDate="2017-06-14T09:26:22.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veo que se buscan &lt;em&gt;referencias sobre el uso en documentación técnica&lt;/em&gt;; entiendo que de &quot;autoridades&quot; en el tema.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Personalmente, en 15 años que llevo programando, siempre he usado y visto usar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coincidir&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; / &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, pero yo no soy una autoridad (todavía :D). Sí lo son en cambio las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la (lamentablemente poca) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/es/articles/sql/expresiones-regulares-base-de-datos-1569340-esa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentación que ofrece &lt;strong&gt;Oracle&lt;/strong&gt; en castellano&lt;/a&gt;, se utiliza &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para el verbo, y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para el sustantivo. El término &lt;em&gt;ocurrencia&lt;/em&gt; se usa solamente para hablar de las apariciones individuales de los caracteres (o grupos) dentro del segmento que se está analizando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El metacaracter suma &lt;code&gt;(+)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El metacaracter suma &lt;strong&gt;coincide&lt;/strong&gt; con una o más &lt;em&gt;ocurrencias&lt;/em&gt; de la subexpresión que lo precede. Por ejemplo, analicemos la expresión regular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cas+a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para que una cadena de caracteres &lt;strong&gt;coincida&lt;/strong&gt; con dicho patrón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Debe estar el carácter '&lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;'  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Le debe seguir el carácter '&lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;'  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Le debe seguir una o mas &lt;em&gt;ocurrencias&lt;/em&gt; del carácter '&lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;'  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Le debe seguir el carácter '&lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;'  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vemos nuevamente tres literales y el metacaracter Suma. Busquemos el patrón en las siguientes cadenas y veamos las &lt;strong&gt;coincidencias&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/SSJMXE_8.1.0/com.ibm.rational.test.ft.doc/topics/RegExExamples.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentación que ofrece &lt;strong&gt;IBM&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sobre uso de expresiones regulares en sus sistemas, se usan igualmente los términos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coincidencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conjunto alfanumérico&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Formulario[A-G]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se puede especificar un intervalo de letras contiguas. En esta sintaxis, &lt;strong&gt;coincidirán&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;FormularioA&quot;, &quot;FormularioB&quot;, &quot;FormularioC&quot;, &quot;FormularioD&quot;, &quot;FormularioE&quot;, &quot;FormularioF&quot; y &quot;FormularioG&quot;, pero no lo harán &quot;FormularioH&quot; o &quot;FormularioM&quot;. El intervalo alfanumérico distingue entre mayúsculas y minúsculas. &quot;Formularioa&quot; no dará ninguna &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt;. Utilice esta sintaxis para que &lt;strong&gt;coincidan&lt;/strong&gt; letras mayúsculas y minúsculas en este intervalo: &quot;Formulario[a-gA-G]&quot;. Para que &lt;strong&gt;coincida&lt;/strong&gt; con cualquier letra del alfabeto estándar, utilice todos los intervalos en mayúsculas y minúsculas: &quot;Formulario[a-zA-Z]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/es/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentación de &lt;strong&gt;Mozilla Developer Network (MDN)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; utiliza los mismos términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Utilizando patrones simples&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los patrones simples se construyen con caracteres para los que se desea una &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; exacta. Por ejemplo, el patrón /abc/ &lt;strong&gt;coincidirá&lt;/strong&gt; sólo con esta exacta secuencia y orden de caracteres ('abc'). Tal expresión tendría resultados en las cadenas &quot;Hi, do you know your abc's?&quot; y &quot;The latest airplane designs evolved from slabcraft.&quot; En ambos existe una &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; exacta con la subcadena 'abc'. No hay &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt; en la cadena 'Grab crab' debido a que, a pesar de que contiene los caracteres 'a', 'b' y 'c', la sequencia 'abc' nunca aparece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Idem para la &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/es-es/library/az24scfc%28v=vs.110%29.aspx?f=255&amp;amp;MSPPError=-2147217396&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentación de &lt;strong&gt;Microsoft (MSDN)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sobre el tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(?( name ) Si |no)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Coincide&lt;/strong&gt; con &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; si &lt;em&gt;nombre&lt;/em&gt;, un grupo de captura con nombre o numerado, tiene una &lt;strong&gt;coincidencia&lt;/strong&gt;; de lo contrario, &lt;strong&gt;coincide&lt;/strong&gt; con la parte opcional &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que, en general, esos son los términos más utilizados en español, ya sea en documentación oficial o en tutoriales de andar por casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:26:22.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21217" CreationDate="2017-06-14T09:30:41.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente, es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tender la colada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes artículos en Internet sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hogarmania.com/hogar/limpieza-orden/ropa-tejidos/201005/tender-colada-6659.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tender la colada&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes mi experiencia que dice que aquí en Andalucía la usamos bastante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes casos en el CORDE (negritas mías):&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] donde hay mujeres regando plantas que crecen en desfondados cajones de madera y muchachas que &lt;strong&gt;tienden la colada&lt;/strong&gt; con una pinza y una canción entre los dientes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Marsé, &quot;Últimas tardes con Teresa&quot;, 1966 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incluso casos bastante añejos:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] todavía tuve fortuna que no entraron en el patio adonde estaba toda &lt;strong&gt;la colada tendida&lt;/strong&gt; y dos cajas de las de platillas adonde tenían todas las colchas y mantas de las camas para el invierno [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Raimundo de Lantery, &quot;Memorias&quot;, 1705 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, es posible que &lt;em&gt;colada&lt;/em&gt; sea un término que solo se use en España, dado que todos los casos que encuentro son de aquí. Basta con ver las entradas para &lt;em&gt;colada&lt;/em&gt; en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=colada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. &lt;em&gt;Co, Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Alimento que se prepara disolviendo harina de maíz en agua o leche caliente con azúcar o sal y cociendo la mezcla resultante hasta que adquiera una consistencia espesa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. &lt;em&gt;RD, Ar, Ur.&lt;/em&gt; Entrada o acceso a una fiesta o espectáculo sin haber sido invitado o sin pagar. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. &lt;em&gt;Gu.&lt;/em&gt; Embrollo, trifulca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. &lt;em&gt;Gu.&lt;/em&gt; Asunto, negocio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. &lt;em&gt;Cu.&lt;/em&gt; Preparación del café.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. &lt;em&gt;Ho.&lt;/em&gt; Equivocación, error.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. f. &lt;em&gt;PR.&lt;/em&gt; chinchorro, red de pesca montada en pita.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, si buscas &quot;colada&quot; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corpes-xxi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES XXI&lt;/a&gt; y restringes la búsqueda a América, ninguno de los resultados hace referencia a la definición de &quot;ropa lavada&quot;. Por lo que tendremos que esperar a ver qué dicen nuestros amigos del otro lado del Atlántico, aunque coincido &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21220/12637&quot;&gt;con walen&lt;/a&gt; en que lo más sencillo sea simplemente decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tender la ropa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-10T07:49:41.667" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T07:49:41.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21217" CreationDate="2017-06-14T09:42:57.793" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tender la ropa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o, más claramente, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner la ropa a secar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; son las expresiones que se usan en mi entorno. La que indicas de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tender la colada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, aunque bastante menos, también la he oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puesto que ya OP ofrece las definiciones para &quot;colada&quot; y &quot;tender&quot;, no veo necesario incluirlas yo mismo. Idem para &quot;ropa&quot;. Simplemente intento dar una referencia que pueda confirmar la solución que OP propone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:42:57.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21214" CreationDate="2017-06-14T09:53:12.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar una alternativa, y sin extenderme más allá de lo ya comentado por ti y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21216/12637&quot;&gt;por fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el típico descontrol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, por buscar frases en los corpus de referencia, tenemos (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El yogui verifica con minuciosidad sus propios estados mentales, mecanismos y hábitos, experimentando interiormente y combatiendo el &lt;strong&gt;descontrol habitual&lt;/strong&gt; de la mente, siempre vapuleada por los pares de opuestos, cambiante y sometida al conflicto, al temor y al deseo de todo tipo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramiro A. Calle Capilla, &quot;Yoga, una medicina natural&quot;, 1990 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hoy, como &quot;novedad&quot; no habrá transporte escolar, lo que aumentará el &lt;strong&gt;habitual caos&lt;/strong&gt; de tráfico que padece la ciudad en las horas punta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Mundo, 09/01/1995 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar una variante de la expresión en una única palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:53:12.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21214" CreationDate="2017-06-14T10:51:08.820" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si esto cuenta como respuesta exactamente, ya que se trata de una expresión elíptica con un uso retórico restringido, pero bien: en Argentina es habitual encontrar en las redes sociales la frase &lt;em&gt;&quot;Total normalidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt; adjunta a una noticia o imagen que refiere a una situación insólita, indignante o de manifiesta inversión de las normas civilizadas. (Véase por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/agosto/status/874235706780123136&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este tuit&lt;/a&gt;, relativo al transporte público en la ciudad de Córdoba; la custodia se hizo necesaria debido a amenazas del sindicato de chóferes.) &lt;em&gt;Total normalidad&lt;/em&gt; es, por tanto, una etiqueta irónica que se adhiere a algo más y expresa más o menos lo que &lt;em&gt;FUBAR&lt;/em&gt;, en el sentido de que la multiplicación de sucesos como éste nos muestran que vivimos en una &quot;normalidad&quot; de excepción. Es un poco difícil emplearla fuera del ámbito de las redes sociales, sin embargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de la frase es bastante desagradable en sí mismo: se trata del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_normalidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;titular de tapa&lt;/a&gt; del diario porteño &lt;em&gt;Clarín&lt;/em&gt; del día 25 de marzo de 1976, inmediatamente posterior al último golpe militar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T13:04:11.873" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T13:04:11.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21209" CreationDate="2017-06-14T13:56:05.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguí con las búsqueda y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interjecci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encontré uf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Validado con la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. U. para denotar cansancio, fastidio o sofocación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. Indica repugnancia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es lo que busco puede que a alguien le sirva para cansancio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T13:56:05.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21205" CreationDate="2017-06-14T19:48:38.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot make a literal translation between English and Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cómo se dice&lt;/em&gt; - more or less translates to &quot;how is it said&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are asking a general term - how is it that everyone says chicken?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas if you are asking a personal preference, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo dices?&lt;/em&gt; if you are asking me how do I say something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16979" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T06:10:42.217" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T06:10:42.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T02:41:00.923" Score="8" ViewCount="5494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntaba hace tiempo Fedorqui &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16253/5481&quot;&gt;por qué “quedarse roque” significa dormirse.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=quedarse%20sopa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quedarse sopa&lt;/a&gt; es otra locución coloquial con el mismo significado, &quot;quedarse dormido&quot;. Desafortunadamente la respuesta a la pregunta de &quot;quedarse roque&quot; no arroja mucha luz en este caso. Además, existen las locuciones &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YNaQdnN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;hecho una sopa&quot; o &quot;como una sopa&quot;&lt;/a&gt; que significan &quot;muy mojado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me soprendería entonces si &quot;quedarse sopa&quot; guardase más relación con &quot;mojarse, quedarse mojado, clarse, etc.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué “quedarse sopa” significa dormirse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2020-05-15T17:07:20.480" Title="¿Por qué “quedarse sopa” significa dormirse?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T04:47:14.713" Score="3" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente, cada ranchero de ganado tenía un símbolo en hierro y un patrón de oreja distintivo, para poder identificar al dueño de cada vaca. En un viejo &quot;Cuaderno de Fierros&quot;, hay orejas &lt;em&gt;rajadas&lt;/em&gt;, con &lt;em&gt;bocados&lt;/em&gt;, con &lt;em&gt;puntazos&lt;/em&gt;, y otros términos. Así se explicó la marca de un ranchero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cenal una oreja &lt;em&gt;rajada&lt;/em&gt; y la hotra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;granada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es fácil imaginar que rajaban las orejas de las vacas con cuchillos, pero &lt;strong&gt;¿qué es &lt;em&gt;granar&lt;/em&gt; una oreja?&lt;/strong&gt; El diccionario de la RAE lo define como &quot;producir y desarrollar el grano.&quot; No veo la relación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Para ver el resto del texto visite la &lt;a href=&quot;http://libfmp.ucsc.edu/fmi/iwp/cgi?-db=rowland&amp;amp;-startsession&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rowland Collection&lt;/a&gt; y busque la tarjeta número 8756; es el documento &lt;em&gt;ARCHIVES NO. 442&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T07:57:21.957" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T08:03:09.840" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;granada&quot; aplicado a la oreja de una vaca?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2017-06-15T04:50:39.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with several of the answerers above on that &quot;felicitaciones&quot; is not the same as &quot;felicidades&quot;. Although some people use both expressions interchangeably, &quot;felicitaciones&quot; is more frequently used to congratulate someone on an achievement, when there's personal merit behind an event or action, whereas &quot;felicidades&quot; is used in cases when the person being congratulated is not necessarily responsible for the event or action in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16983" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T04:50:39.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21226" CreationDate="2017-06-15T06:05:12.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente quiera decir «pintada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=JRTVOyU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grana&lt;/a&gt;», que es un tipo de color rojo. De hecho me sorprende bastante que el DLE no incluya una acepción para ese uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto que describes no es cosa de antiguo solamente. Hoy día sigue siendo bastante habitual que los ganaderos pinten las orejas de algunas de sus reses de distintos colores. Creo que en el texto que referencias, igual que dice &quot;granada&quot; podría decir &quot;morada&quot; o &quot;anaranjada&quot;, por ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T08:03:09.840" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T08:03:09.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T11:48:06.743" Score="1" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ver, si no necesitara mi ayuda, &lt;strong&gt;¿qué necesidad habría de llamarme?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar estoy tratando de entender si es realmente una oración condicional. ¿De verdad se debe considerar la frase &lt;em&gt;¿qué necesidad habría de llamarme?&lt;/em&gt; como la apódosis para la prótasis &lt;em&gt;si no necesitara mi ayuda&lt;/em&gt;? Veo que formalmente la frase tiene la conjunción condicional &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; y la estructura la prótasis + la apódosis. Pero la acción expresada en la apódosis no es irreal, ¿verdad? Pensaba que tal vez la apódosis estuviera omitida... Tal vez haya que considerar la parte interrogativa por separado? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparo la oración en questión con &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si trabajaras bien, tendrías clientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo + condicional simple; la acción de la prótasis es irreal), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y veo que la acción de la prótasis de la oración en questión es real (él/ella sí llamó a otra persona).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra pregunta sería: determinar la función del condicional simple en la frase en questión. Estaba descartando versiones incorrectas: pues no es „una acción futura considerada desde un momento del pasado“, entonces no „pega“. Tampoco es „una hipótesis irreal“. Entonces queda „una suposición“ (pero ahora después de haber leído la respuesta de aparente001 lo entiendo mejor). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="12888" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T09:16:55.747" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T12:17:39.450" Title="Función del condicional simple en &quot;¿qué necesidad habría de llamarme?&quot;" Tags="&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20190" CreationDate="2017-06-15T13:44:09.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de toparme con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fotolog.com/ivanzuelo/18564538/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; que explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;YUPI&lt;/strong&gt;: Parece ser que esta forma deriva del inglés &lt;em&gt;jumpy&lt;/em&gt; formado a partir del verbo &lt;em&gt;to jump&lt;/em&gt; que significa &quot;saltar&quot;. En principio, cuando se exclamaba esta palabra, el hablante brincaba de repente, levantando los brazos, expresando con este gesto su júbilo y la admiración hacia algo sorprendente, divertido, inesperado o fantástico. Puede aparecer en su variante más castellana &quot;¡Chupi!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos &lt;em&gt;caveats&lt;/em&gt; importantes acerca del artículo es que no menciona la fuente sobre la que basa esa afirmación. Aparte, aunque algunas de las etimologías u orígenes de las palabras incluidas en el artículo parecen ser correctas, la de FUCK como &quot;Fornication Under Consent of the the King&quot; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.snopes.com/language/acronyms/fuck.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;completamente falsa&lt;/a&gt;. Podría ser la única, pero me hace ser un poco más escéptico hacia la de &quot;yupi&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T13:44:09.613" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21194" CreationDate="2017-06-15T19:49:11.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;309 caracteres - 22 V's = 287 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Velay!, un humilde y vodevilesco veterano vuelto, por las vicisitudes del hado, víctima y villano sustituto. Esta faz no es mera pátina de vanidad sino vestigio de la Vox pópuli, ya vacía y desvanecida. Mas tal valiente visita de un viejo rencor revive y jura vencer a esa runfla venal y virulenta que promueve el vicio y accede a que se viole, con violenta avidez y vileza, la voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bTNdqUR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Velay&lt;/a&gt;: interjección usada para dar por cierto o asegurar lo que se dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WqFqW9E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Runfla&lt;/a&gt;: Serie de varias cosas de una misma especie. Muchedumbre &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T20:31:48.477" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:31:48.477" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-15T19:49:11.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21235" CreationDate="2017-06-15T20:42:31.143" Score="3" ViewCount="1335" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según google.com, &quot;hold his own&quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mantener una posición de fuerza en una situación desafiante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra que exprese justamente esto en español? ¿O solo palabras parecidas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T06:20:36.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T14:21:28.977" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;hold his own&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21232" CreationDate="2017-06-15T21:11:29.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría depender del contexto, pero algunas con el mismo significado serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defenderse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saber defenderse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resistir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aguantar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apechugar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T21:11:29.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13496" CreationDate="2017-06-15T22:06:35.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;tengo un pedo salvador podría querer decir &quot;este estado lisergico me salva de las penurias de haber nacido en latinoamericA&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:06:35.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21232" CreationDate="2017-06-15T22:28:46.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En lenguaje coloquial urbano (en Argentina) se diría preferentemente &quot;hacer el aguante&quot;,en lenguaje formal, creo que la mejor opción es &quot;resistir&quot;. Pero en un lenguaje mas metafórico uno podría decir &quot;poner el pecho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16992" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T15:18:31.913" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T15:18:31.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21229" CreationDate="2017-06-16T02:02:50.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no necesitara mi ayuda, ¿qué necesidad habría de llamarme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma de expresar esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué me habrá llamado?  O: ¿Por qué me habrá querido llamar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La persona que pone la pregunta está especulando.  Está tratando de usar lógica para razonar, por qúe Fulano haría tal cosa, por qúe me llamaría, por qué me tendría que llamar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T02:02:50.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-16T03:01:03.813" Score="5" ViewCount="41725" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber de dónde proviene la expresión argentina &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué copado!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2158" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T03:07:01.430" LastActivityDate="2021-01-22T13:41:28.873" Title="El origen de la expresión ¡Qué copado!" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21241" CreationDate="2017-06-16T03:34:46.160" Score="3" ViewCount="4021" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?&lt;/em&gt; de Bill Martin Jr y Eric Carle es todavía uno de los libros favoritos de mi hijo. A diferencia de otros de sus libros favoritos (como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20161/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) de este tenemos solo copia en inglés por lo que a veces, para exponerle más al idioma, intento leérselo en español traduciendo &quot;al vuelo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me atasco con &quot;I hear a flamingo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=fluting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fluting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in my ear&quot;. Entiendo que es un graznido tipo flauta, pero no sé cuál sería el término más correcto para describir en español el sonido que hacen los flamencos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JW0fZYL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;graznido&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grito de algunas aves, como el cuervo, el grajo, el ganso, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entra el flamenco en esa categoría? Para equinos distinguimos entre un relincho y un rebuzno. ¿Quizá hay una palabra especial para definir ese graznido &lt;em&gt;aflautado&lt;/em&gt; característico de los flamencos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T05:59:27.147" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T18:39:47.167" Title="¿Cómo se llama al sonido que hace un flamenco?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20161" CreationDate="2017-06-16T05:00:04.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Oso café&quot; es una mala traducción.  &lt;em&gt;(Comentario editorial: La biblioteca donde yo vivo tiene varios estantes llenos de libros infantiles mal traducidos al español.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osopedia.com/tipos-osos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.osopedia.com/tipos-osos/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este artículo tiene una lista de especies de osos, incluyendo el &lt;em&gt;oso pardo&lt;/em&gt;; no hay mención del &lt;em&gt;oso café&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué asiduosamente algún artículo científico sobre osos, que tuviera mención del oso café, y sólo encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.96351.x/abstract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno&lt;/a&gt;.  Para mostrar la calidad de traducción de este artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La distribución histórica del oso café en Norte &lt;strong&gt;América&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;incluída&lt;/strong&gt; (tales lugares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de este artículo, la búsqueda &lt;code&gt;&quot;oso café&quot; -Carle&lt;/code&gt; solo me dio osos de peluche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &lt;em&gt;oso café&lt;/em&gt; no se oye bien.  &lt;em&gt;Oso pardo&lt;/em&gt; se oye mucho mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T13:46:58.410" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T13:46:58.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21239" CreationDate="2017-06-16T05:38:42.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mmmm no sé si alguna vez habéis oído &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/-flPDGARXp0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el sonido de un flamenco&lt;/a&gt;, pero de &quot;aflautado&quot; tiene poco. Estoy con lo indicado por @aparente001 en los comentarios: seguramente los autores usan &lt;em&gt;fluting&lt;/em&gt; porque empieza por F igual que &lt;em&gt;flamingo&lt;/em&gt;, nada más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;strong&gt;graznido&lt;/strong&gt; está bien como traducción libre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y si realmente quieres transmitir el concepto de flauta aunque no sea lo real para un flamenco, entonces &lt;strong&gt;silbido&lt;/strong&gt; sería otra opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T05:38:42.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21239" CreationDate="2017-06-16T06:14:31.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si el grito del ganso es un &lt;strong&gt;graznido&lt;/strong&gt;, posiblemente el del flamenco también lo sea. En todo caso, si lo que quería el autor era realmente hacer coincidir en sonido &lt;em&gt;fl-&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;flamenco&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fluting&lt;/em&gt;, podemos intentar hacer lo mismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I3ti1JI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flauteado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho especialmente de la voz dulce y delicada: De sonido semejante al de la flauta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que este adjetivo tiene la forma de un participio, pensé que igual existía la voz &lt;em&gt;flautear&lt;/em&gt;. Buscando en el NTLLE, veo que esta voz nunca ha aparecido en ninguna de las ediciones del DLE, mas sí que aparece en otros diccionarios, como el Domínguez (1853), el Zerolo (1895) y el Alemany y Bolufer (1917). De ellos se desprende que el verbo &lt;em&gt;flautear&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;tocar la flauta, ejecutar un flauteado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si quieres tomarte una licencia poética en este caso, puedes decir que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el flamenco flauteaba&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T06:14:31.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21193" CreationDate="2017-06-16T08:43:42.110" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estos símbolos se llaman comillas angulares, latinas o españolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como se indica en el artículo de la Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comillas#Inform.C3.A1tica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;comillas&lt;/em&gt; sección &lt;em&gt;Informática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, se consiguen de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;símbolo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Windows&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Linux&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Macintosh&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;«&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + 174&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt Gr&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;Z&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;⇧&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;´&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;br/&gt; (es decir, &lt;code&gt;´&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;»&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + 175&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt Gr&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;X&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;⇧&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;ç&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su uso, es el prioritario a la hora de citar. Como explica el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SSTAZ5sDyD6h59vijX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comillas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Signo ortográfico doble del cual se usan diferentes tipos en español: las &lt;strong&gt;comillas angulares, también llamadas latinas o españolas (« »)&lt;/strong&gt;, las inglesas (“ ”) y las simples (‘ ’). Las comillas inglesas y las simples se escriben en la parte alta del renglón, mientras que las angulares se escriben centradas. En los textos impresos, se recomienda utilizar en primera instancia las comillas angulares, reservando los otros tipos para cuando deban entrecomillarse partes de un texto ya entrecomillado. En este caso, las comillas simples se emplearán en último lugar: &lt;em&gt;«Antonio me dijo: “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”»&lt;/em&gt;. Las comillas se escriben pegadas a la primera y la última palabra del período que enmarcan, y separadas por un espacio de las palabras o signos que las preceden o las siguen; pero si lo que sigue a las comillas de cierre es un signo de puntuación, no se deja espacio entre ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que tenemos tres tipos diferentes de comillas, cuyo uso prioritario es como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas angulares, también llamadas latinas o españolas (« »)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas inglesas (“ ”)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comillas simples (‘ ’)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para una explicación más exhaustiva (en inglés) puedes consultar &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/934/1674&quot;&gt;Quotation mark usage in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-30T13:15:05.190" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T13:15:05.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21244" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-16T10:09:54.397" Score="5" ViewCount="1202" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al leer el titular del artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/consumoclaro/cuidarse/helados-azucar-aceite_de_palma_0_654085364.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Son los helados realmente tan insanos como la gente dice?&lt;/a&gt; di un pequeño respingo. ¡Usa &lt;em&gt;insano&lt;/em&gt; como antónimo de &lt;em&gt;sano&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que llevo bastante tiempo oyendo usar esta palabra a la gente para designar algo loco. Creía que era una palabra de nuevo cuño, venida del inglés &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/insane&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;insane&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que designa algo o alguien loco, descabellado...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hete aquí que el DLE me dio dos sorpresas: la acepción antónima de &lt;em&gt;sano&lt;/em&gt; es correcta y que la lo de loco, descabellado también existe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LjQW8fk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;insano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. insānus 'loco'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Perjudicial para la salud.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Loco, demente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una breve revisión del NTLLE me indica que se usa lo de &lt;em&gt;loco, demente&lt;/em&gt; desde que hay diccionarios. Viendo la etimología parece una cosa clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como decía antes, también me sorprendió que la primera acepción sea la antónima de salud, pues rara vez la he oído. El mapa de diccionarios me dio un poco la razón al indicar que esta entrada se intrdujo en la edición de 1992 del diccionario, poniéndola directamente como acepción principal. Mirando otra vez en el NTLLE vi que apareció:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;primero en el Academia Usual de 1984 como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;insalubre&lt;/em&gt;, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en el Academia Manual tomo IV de ese mismo año de segunda acepción como &lt;em&gt;Que no reúne condiciones higiénicas y es perjudicial para la salud&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;y ya en 1992 como primera acepción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, pues: ¿por qué se &quot;subió&quot; tan rápidamente la acepción sinónima de &lt;em&gt;insalubre&lt;/em&gt;, pasándola de no existente a preferente? ¿No es acaso hoy en día más utilizada la acepción de &lt;em&gt;loco, demente&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T14:40:58.363" Title="¿Por qué &quot;insano&quot; se define primero como &quot;perjudicial para la salud&quot; si la acepción &quot;loco, demente&quot; es la que histórica y actualmente más se usa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21238" CreationDate="2017-06-16T10:17:32.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado que más se aproxima es el segundo del DRAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=AjMgS0I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definición de &quot;copado&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, sólo que en este caso el significado es pasivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;copado&lt;/strong&gt; con esa chica (esa chica me &lt;strong&gt;copa&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionarioargentino.com/term/copado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar una definición sencilla pero precisa del significado activo de &quot;copado&quot; en Argentina, donde también se utiliza para referirse a alguien o algo que provoca entusiasmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata, entonces, de una palabra con doble sentido, activo y pasivo, según el contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué chica &lt;strong&gt;copada&lt;/strong&gt;! Estoy &lt;strong&gt;copado&lt;/strong&gt; con ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen pares de adjetivos en el idioma donde uno es activo y otro pasivo, por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;interesante&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;interesado&lt;/em&gt;. Pero también existen otros casos donde el mismo adjetivo tiene ambos significados, como por ejemplo &quot;aburrido&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;aburrido&lt;/strong&gt; (pasivo). El libro que estoy leyendo es muy &lt;strong&gt;aburrido&lt;/strong&gt; (activo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que &lt;em&gt;copado&lt;/em&gt; ha adquirido su significado activo como una extensión o deformación de su significado pasivo. Sólo es cuestión de que la RAE lo registre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T10:33:42.783" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T10:33:42.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21249" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:16:02.647" Score="7" ViewCount="516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this picture online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4rmAHm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4rmAHm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't see it, it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ahora, un Minion poema.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me gusta el helado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me gusta el raspado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero mas me gusta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  estar a tu lado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand all of it except &lt;em&gt;el raspado&lt;/em&gt;. I looked it up and it means &quot;the scraping&quot;. Is there another translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T14:03:46.173" LastActivityDate="2020-04-17T17:54:00.380" Title="What is &quot;el raspado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21229" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:17:39.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ver, si no necesitara mi ayuda, ¿qué necesidad &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; de llamarme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero que debes preguntarte es quién ha de llamarte. Si se trata de la misma persona que necesita tu ayuda, entonces lo correcto sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ver, si no necesitara mi ayuda, ¿qué necesidad &lt;strong&gt;tendría&lt;/strong&gt; de llamarme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo él/ella sujeto omitido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T12:17:39.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21247" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:33:40.103" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some American countries, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=raspado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;raspado&quot; means&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mx, Ho, Ni, Pa, Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Helado hecho de hielo raspado con jarabe de frutas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it just means another kind of ice cream, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GqM58m.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GqM58m.png&quot; alt=&quot;raspado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it helps if you just search the term &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=raspado&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in Google Images&lt;/a&gt;. :) (Thanks @rsanchez for the link!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T12:33:40.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-16T19:16:07.323" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I don't know the word in English when I'm talking, I'll say &quot;thingy/thing&quot; - until someone corrects me or I settle with a better word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Use that &lt;strong&gt;thingy&lt;/strong&gt; over there to make it work. Uhh...that thing, uh - the button? The port? Whatever it's called. Yeah, that thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard from a Venezuelan that they use &quot;vaina&quot;. &quot;¿Qué es la vaina...?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a word like thing/thing in Spanish that is recognized in both Spain and most of Latin America? Something that I can use to keep the convo going in a more native way while not knowing the right word like I do in English? Is it just &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16946" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T19:27:38.850" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T19:27:38.850" Title="&quot;Thingy&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-06-19T13:00:17.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21232" CreationDate="2017-06-16T23:02:03.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la expresión más parecido en español sería &quot;mantener el tipo&quot;, aunque depende de que se considere como mantener una posición de fuerza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de uso sería por ejemplo si se quiere expresar que un deportista que teoricamente habría de haber perdido con mucha diferencia contra otro en verdad, lo ha hecho por una diferencia bastante menor a la esperada inicalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con ello podría hacerse una frase como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El jugador mantuvo el tipo contra su contrincante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16999" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:44:18.357" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:44:18.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1625" CreationDate="2017-06-17T18:08:43.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lived in Venezuela for 23 years and speak fluent Spanish.&#xA;&quot;Ya va&quot; is a colloquialism, much like &quot;Hang on a minute&quot;. Note that it has NOTHING to do with the verb &quot;ir&quot; or &quot;to go&quot;, in the same way that &quot;Hang on a minute&quot; has nothing to do with the verb &quot;to hang&quot;.&#xA;In Venezuela it means:&#xA;In an argument or conflict:&#xA;&quot;Hold it right there!&quot; or&#xA;&quot;Hold your horses!&quot;&#xA;In normal conversation, after receiving a request:&#xA;&quot;Hang on a minute.&quot; (because I´m busy, for example)&#xA;NB: &quot;Ya voy!&quot; is also a colloquialism, but is not used in the same type of context. While &quot;Ya va&quot; effectively means &quot;Wait!&quot;, &quot;Ya voy&quot; means: &quot;I'm on it!&quot; or &quot;Coming!&quot; or &quot;Be right there!&quot;. In this context, &quot;voy&quot; IS related to the verb &quot;ir&quot; or &quot;to go&quot; - so &quot;ya voy&quot; can also mean &quot;Going, already!&quot; or similar.&#xA;I hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17002" LastEditorUserId="17002" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T18:19:40.980" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T18:19:40.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-17T19:17:33.920" Score="4" ViewCount="3523" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a general structure for using &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; in certain constructions in place of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ser&lt;/strong&gt;. For ' am 11 years old' we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt; once años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; once años&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt;. For 'I am interested in this house' we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; interés en esta casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;estoy&lt;/strong&gt; interés en esta casa&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16881" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T10:04:03.220" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T22:42:29.693" Title="When do you use 'tener' to replace 'estar' or 'ser' for am/is/are?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21253" CreationDate="2017-06-17T20:06:33.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is, to my knowledge, no general rule for predicting whether &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; is appropriate in a given case to replace &lt;em&gt;ser/ester&lt;/em&gt;, but rather the usage is idiomatic. There are many examples of this, though using &lt;code&gt;tener ____ años&lt;/code&gt; is one which students learn very early when learning Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you consider the literal translation of &lt;code&gt;tengo once años&lt;/code&gt;, you're actually saying &lt;code&gt;I have 11 years&lt;/code&gt;, it makes sense, even in English, though we don't usually say it in this way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many other phrases in Spanish take this form, using tener in place of what we (as English speakers), would expect to take ser/estar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give a few examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be hungry in Spanish translates to &lt;code&gt;tener hambre&lt;/code&gt;, literally, to have hunger &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be confident in Spanish translates to &lt;code&gt;tener confianza&lt;/code&gt;, literally, to have confidence. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T20:06:33.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21238" CreationDate="2017-06-17T20:42:44.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro del origen, pero supongo que aquí el verbo &quot;copar&quot; tiene el sentido de &quot;llenar&quot; (llenar las expectativas, colmar los deseos, satisfacer - todas expresiones relacionadas). De allí &quot;esta persona me copa&quot; (&quot;me complace totalmente&quot;), que luego vino a usarse como expresión enfática de aprobación y encomio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de esto habría nacido el adjetivo correspondiente : &quot;copado&quot; (que, en tal caso, no es de formación muy correcta; debería ser más bien &quot;copante&quot;...). Pero esto es mera suposición mía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T16:42:37.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T16:42:37.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21253" CreationDate="2017-06-17T22:13:48.517" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As shown by the comment and the answer above, I think we can define a rule for the alternate use of &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot; when predicating a state about the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; will be used with an abstract noun as direct object or as the magnitude (whether implicitly or explicitly stated) to which a certain measurement or dimension refers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; will be used with adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We thus have, apart from the examples with &amp;quot;interés&amp;quot; (noun) and &amp;quot;interesado&amp;quot; (adjective) above, the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; hambriento. (adjective)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; hambre. (noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; confiado. (adjective)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; confianza. (noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; cansado/somnoliento. (adjectives)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; cansancio/sueño. (nouns)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever magnitudes, such as age, height, weight, width, depth, etc., are involved, we can use the verb &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot; or a more specific verb peculiar to the magnitude involved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; 50 años (de edad).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mide&lt;/strong&gt; 5 metros (de ancho/alto/profundidad). (I'd say &amp;quot;ancho&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;alto&amp;quot; are nominalized adjectives here.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pesa&lt;/strong&gt; 100 Kg.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; and even &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; will appear whenever there are adjectives in the vicinity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El niño &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; cinco años &lt;strong&gt;mayor&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;older&lt;/em&gt;, adjective) que su hermana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El niño &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; cinco años (de &lt;strong&gt;edad&lt;/strong&gt;) más que su hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; 10 Kg. más &lt;strong&gt;pesada&lt;/strong&gt; de lo que correspondería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;pesa&lt;/strong&gt; 10 Kg. más de lo que correspondería (&lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; 10 Kg. más que el &lt;strong&gt;peso&lt;/strong&gt; que correspondería).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This pattern where &amp;quot;idiomatic &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; is followed by a noun may not appear in grammar books for native speakers, who take it for granted, but is provided as a rule in books for speakers of other languages, as shown below:&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/URhCI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/URhCI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Idiomatic &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; will appear with adjectives (or prepositional phrases) respectively denoting permanent or temporary states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar acalorado / con calor (&amp;quot;caliente&amp;quot; may be used to indicate sexual excitement or anger)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser cuidadoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser exitoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar con frío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar hambriento / con hambre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar temeroso / con miedo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar en lo cierto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar sediento / con sed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar somnoliento / con sueño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser afortunado/una persona de suerte / estar con suerte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T15:40:10.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21253" CreationDate="2017-06-18T01:07:08.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the answers given so far are correct and useful, I think, as pointed out in one of the comments, this is just starting from a wrong premise. &lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; are three very different verbs, the last two much more semantically close to each other, but in the end each one having an awful lot of meanings and usages. These have to be learned as part of the logic of Spanish, not as translations from their supposed English equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phrases employing &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; that cannot be translated literally to English include &lt;em&gt;tener hambre, tener sueño, tener [x] años&lt;/em&gt;. These are idiomatical, but note that for conditions like hunger or sleepiness the alternative with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + adjective is also valid, as in English: &lt;em&gt;estar hambriento, estar somnoliento&lt;/em&gt;, only rarer in actual use. It's much more common to find the structure &lt;em&gt;estar con&lt;/em&gt; + noun: &lt;em&gt;estar con hambre, estar con sueño&lt;/em&gt;. This has no parallel in English, but in fact phrases meaning &quot;being with&quot; or &quot;being next to&quot; something/someone are understood as possessives in many languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can also say, in the same vein, &lt;em&gt;estar con problemas&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to have problems&quot;, &lt;em&gt;estar con muchas cosas para hacer&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to have a lot of things to do&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:07:08.837" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2017-06-18T02:03:14.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Spanish evolved over time, in most of Spain, /d͡z̪/ and /t͡s̪/ merged toward /θ/, so the letters &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; stood for [θ] while &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; stood for [s]. In southern Spain, /d͡z̪/ and /t͡s̪/ merged with &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;. (There are actually tiny pockets in Spain and the Canaries that took the sounds in different directions but that's outside the scope of this post). So in southern Spain, &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; all stand for the same [s] sound!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Spain began to colonize the New World, Latin America was mainly populated by immigrants from Andalucia - the southernmost region of mainland Spain where &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; all stand for [s]. The Andalucian accent took root in Latin America and is responsible for the [s] that Americans think is &quot;normal.&quot; In fact, all of them are normal products of older sound changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17006" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T06:51:21.737" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T06:51:21.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21232" CreationDate="2017-06-18T14:21:28.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la línea de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21251/1674&quot;&gt;lo indicado por muik&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;mantener el tipo&lt;/em&gt;, yo me decantaría por algo así como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mantenerse firme&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que creo que encaja bien al conectar la idea de fuerza de la definición (recordemos, &lt;em&gt;Mantener una posición de &lt;strong&gt;fuerza&lt;/strong&gt; en una situación desafiante&lt;/em&gt;). Esta es una forma de decir que últimamente leo con frecuencia en medios de comunicación (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariodeleon.es/noticias/leon/colectivo-baldomero-lozano-pide-psoe-mantenerse-firme-no_1093715.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El colectivo Baldomero Lozano pide al PSOE mantenerse firme en el no&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo) y que cristaliza la idea de que uno queda fijo en una idea pese a las fuerzas que quieren &lt;em&gt;moverlo&lt;/em&gt; hacia otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T14:21:28.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4472" CreationDate="2017-06-18T16:46:04.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TLDR: I indicate four possible pronunciations of &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt; below, each in its own sequentially numbered paragraph: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/pisˈθina/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/piˈsina/ &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/piˈθina/ &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[pis̺ˈθina] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To refer to a spelling of ⟨sci⟩ in Spanish is somewhat misleading because those are never all in the same syllable. This would be like talking about a ⟨kpa⟩ spelling in English: the ⟨k⟩ is at the end of one syllable and the ⟨pa⟩ at the start of another, as in &lt;em&gt;backpacker&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;track-pants&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish-speaking areas that &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of_Spanish_coronal_fricatives&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;make a distinction between the ⟨z⟩ and ⟨s⟩&lt;/a&gt;, a word like &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt; when &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;carefully&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pronounced comes out as /pisˈθi.na/, with the first syllable as /pis/, the second is /θi/, and the third is /na/. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In “seseante” areas of Andalucía in Spain and throughout America, ones that do not distinguish those two phonemes by saying only /s/ for both, the two duplicate and adjacent /s/ sounds fuse into just a single one, so they say /piˈsi.na/, with a first syllable that now ends in a vowel /pi/.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice how I early said “carefully”. This is because in casual, everyday speech, it doesn’t come out that way even for the speakers who make a distinction between those two phonemes. This is because Spanish very strongly prefers “open” syllables, ones that end in a vowel instead of a consonant. So whenever this happens, the first of the two adjacent consonant sounds tends to get dropped in rapid or casual speech. So this also happens in words like &lt;em&gt;a&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;tor&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ace&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;tar&lt;/em&gt;, where the letter I’ve written in bold tends to be dropped in casual speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That means that even for speakers who are neither seseo speakers nor ceceo speakers, &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt; is quite commonly pronounced not as /pisˈθi.na/ but rather as just /piˈθi.na/, as though they were ceceo speakers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;When the Spanish &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; ≠ the English &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another phenomenon commonly heard in Northern Spanish is that the /s/ phoneme is not pronounced the way one pronounces it in English with the tongue spread out broadly. Rather, it is an &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apical&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [s̺], meaning more with the point of the tongue than with the flat of it.  That’s because they’re trying to put some distance between their two sibilants, /s/ and /θ/.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not conscious, and it’s been going on for centuries; it’s just normal phonologic effect to increase the distance between similar sounds. To a native speaker of English, this sound seems closer to the one at the start of the English word &lt;em&gt;shin&lt;/em&gt; than it does to the one at the start of the English word &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Speakers with an apical [s̺]  are less likely to drop it at the end of the syllable there, since it’s far enough “away” from the next sound. For those speakers, &lt;em&gt;piscina&lt;/em&gt; can therefore come out sounding [pis̺ˈθina], where I’m using [s̺] to stand for this special kind of /s/ sound from the versions of Spanish spoken in northern and central regions of Spain. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even though this might very well sound to an English speaker like they’re saying something one might in English write as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pishtheena&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, but they really aren’t. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Expert details&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_note-s-11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Wikipedia article on &lt;em&gt;Transcripción fonética del español con el AFI&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, they explain all this as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El fonema /s/ puede ser apical [s̺] (norte y centro de España, español andino) o laminar [s̻] (la mayor parte de América, sur de España, Canarias y oeste de Galicia); &lt;em&gt;poste&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞s̺te̞]~[ˈpo̞s̻te̞]. Según una transcripción más o menos específica se utiliza [s], [s̺] o [s̻].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;/s/ se sonoriza [z] ante consonante sonora, pudiendo ser apical [z̺] (mayor parte de España así como en los Andes centrales) o laminar [z̻] (mayor parte de Hispanoamérica); &lt;em&gt;musgo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmuz̺ɣ̞o̞]~[ˈmuz̻ɣ̞o̞]. Según una transcripción más o menos específica se utiliza [z], [z̺] o [z̻].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En algunos dialectos esta sonorización va más allá, sobre todo en el español de los Andes centrales, así como el español hablado por los hablantes bilingües de la Comunidad Valenciana, Cataluña e Islas Baleares. La sonorización de [z] ocurre incluso al final de palabra cuando le sucede una vocal; &lt;em&gt;los amigos&lt;/em&gt; [loz a̠ˈmiɣ̞o̞s].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En otros dialectos no ocurre esta sonorización permaneciendo sorda [s] incluso ante consonante sonora; &lt;em&gt;musgo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmus̺ɣ̞o̞]~[ˈmus̻ɣ̞o̞]. Esto es común en algunos hablantes del dialecto castellano, castellano de Madrid, el norte peninsular como algunos hablantes del español de América. De la misma forma y con obviedad no ocurre sonorización donde /s/ se aspira, se velariza, se gemina la consonante que le sucede o simplemente se elide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En muchos dialectos /s/ en sílaba trabada se pronuncia con una ligera aspiración [ʰ] (realización más común), una velarización [x], una geminación (o alargamiento [:]) de la consonante que le sucede o bien una completa elisión, &lt;em&gt;poste&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpɔʰte̞]~[ˈpɔxte̞]~[ˈpɔtte̞]~[ˈpɔte̞]. Esto ocurre en los dialectos meridionales de España; andaluz, murciano, canario, extremeño, y también en el castellano de Madrid y Castilla-La Mancha. Así como el español caribeño, centroamericano, rioplatense y chileno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En subdialectos de Andalucía, Canarias, como en el español caribeño este proceso llega a otros contextos, donde la aspiración de /s/ se da también entre vocales; &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; [no̞ˈho̞tɾɔʰ].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el dialecto andaluz, madrileño y manchego /s/ puede pronunciarse [ɹ] en las secuencias /sθ/ y /sr/; &lt;em&gt;ascensor&lt;/em&gt; [a̠ɹθẽ̞nˈso̞(ɾ)], &lt;em&gt;israelí&lt;/em&gt; [iɹra̠e̞ˈli].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T16:51:34.530" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T16:51:34.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21262" CreationDate="2017-06-19T09:12:26.070" Score="4" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía hace un rato el artículo cuasi hagiográfico &lt;a href=&quot;http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2017/06/17/actualidad/1497736206_768820.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El camino del guerrero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sobre el torero Iván Fandiño, que murió recientemente por una cornada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empieza diciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Que se den prisa, que el cuerpo se me escapa”. Así agonizaba Iván Fandiño sobre la arena. Así le confiaba al compañero Thomas Duffau la sensación de abandono. (...) No se lo podía creer Jarocho, plata de ley, &lt;strong&gt;salario del miedo&lt;/strong&gt;, contrariado otra vez en las circunstancias de apremiar el traje deshabitado de un compañero exánime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.purezayemocion.com/noticia/4320/actualidad/el-banderillero-roberto-martin-jarocho-entra-en-la-cuadrilla-de-ivan-fandino.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jarocho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un banderillero que acompañaba a Fandiño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte que destaco es la de &lt;em&gt;salario del miedo&lt;/em&gt;, pues hasta la fecha nunca la había oído como expresión. Donde lo había oído es para nombra la película clásica &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film463225.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El salario del miedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (H. G. Clouzot, 1953) y me di cuenta que siempre había asumido ese título sin más, sin pensar que tendría su sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el DLE no recoge ninguna acepción relacionada ni en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDGS53g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;miedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ni en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X1gL4YQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;salario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, me puse a rumiar sobre su significado :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sinopsis de la película habla de unos trabajadores de una compañía petrolífera que deben transportar un material peligroso. Parece pues que estos comparten suerte con el banderillero: un oficio peligroso, duro, probablemente lo mejor que pueden conseguir. Algo así como el &lt;em&gt;salario&lt;/em&gt; que obtienen viene en partes iguales &lt;em&gt;del miedo&lt;/em&gt; a perderlo todo y de morir en cualquier momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalizaría pues el &lt;em&gt;salario del miedo&lt;/em&gt; a aquella profesión que se sustenta en una mezcla de necesidad y falta de alternativa. ¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿Es esta la explicación canónica de la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T12:59:27.550" Title="¿Qué es el &quot;salario del miedo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21261" CreationDate="2017-06-19T09:39:57.973" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando, encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.efeeme.com/el-cine-que-hay-que-ver-el-salario-del-miedo-henri-georges-clouzot-1953/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo sobre la película&lt;/a&gt;, que abre con la siguiente reseña:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cinta de Clouzot es esa expresión vigente y tremebunda de lo que significa vivir atenazados por la incertidumbre en cada segundo de existencia, conscientes de que al siguiente podemos desaparecer fulminados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte no puedo añadir mucho más. Si esta es la interpretación de la película que comparte el autor del articulo que has leído, entonces el sentido de la expresión casi que se explica solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T12:59:27.550" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T12:59:27.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21253" CreationDate="2017-06-19T14:42:28.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is perhaps worth pointing out for the benefit of other learners that the position is even more complicated than the OP suggested as sometimes &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; is used to translate &quot;is&quot;. This is true for statements about the weather like &lt;em&gt;Hace frio&lt;/em&gt; for the English &quot;It is cold&quot;. The moral of the story is, as others suggested in answers and comments, that idioms just have to be accepted as they are without attempt to translate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T14:42:28.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21217" CreationDate="2017-06-19T17:29:17.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en Buenos Aires se suele utilizar &quot;tender la ropa&quot; o &quot;colgar la ropa&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16660" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T17:29:17.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21202" CreationDate="2017-06-19T20:15:36.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not really. You should just grow accustomed to the fact, that English has Germanic roots, and Spanish is part of the Romance languages. There are things which cannot be directly translated word for word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hey, how are you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be in a direct translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Cómo está (usted)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also contextually correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Qué tal estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Qué tal está (usted)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Qué hay de ti?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay!, ¿Qué hay de usted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and about a dozen more such phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even more such phrases in the English speaking countries if you take a glance once in a while at &lt;em&gt;urbandictionary&lt;/em&gt;, or travel or consume global, English media.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hombre&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;man&lt;/code&gt;, transcending more than just one singular contextual usage scenario, just like in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it is important to keep and guard the cultural idiosyncrasies and sometimes not. At the time of entertainment you might strip them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the time of certain studies such a translating document for the European Parliament, you may be doing a disservice. As words are power, shape minds, shape people, shape peoples up to the point of shaping cultures. And culture implies social evolution. And the human rights lay out equality for all, and that equality therefore also has to do with our language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope, you understand what I am trying to say, and that the SE community can forgive my divulgence at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1010" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user22922" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-01T16:47:02.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21270" CreationDate="2017-06-20T07:30:49.823" Score="8" ViewCount="2400" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos la siguiente secuencia de frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los siete primeros elementos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los setecientos primeros elementos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los siete mil primeros elementos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los setecientos mil primeros elementos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los siete primeros millones de elementos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez que alcanzamos los millones de elementos, el número (&quot;siete millones&quot;) se debe partir e intercalar &quot;primeros&quot; en medio. Esto es así porque la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PENxPxR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se puede usar como adjetivo y sustantivo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PG9g0pj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;millón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; sólo se usa como sustantivo. Así, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los siete mil primeros elementos (uso como adjetivo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los siete primeros miles de elementos (uso como sustantivo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio no hay una versión adjetivo de &lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Los siete millones primeros elementos.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de ahí para arriba, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5WQzD1r&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;billón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aevmA76&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trillón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y demás, son todos sustantivos. ¿Qué hizo que la palabra &lt;em&gt;mil&lt;/em&gt; se pudiera tratar de forma diferente? ¿Por qué se puede usar como adjetivo y el resto no? ¿Proviene este uso como adjetivo del latín o es algo más reciente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:03:34.753" Title="¿Por qué &quot;millón&quot; no se puede usar como adjetivo, mientras que &quot;mil&quot; sí?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21266" CreationDate="2017-06-20T08:54:52.573" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín, los cardinales &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_cardinal_numerals&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;solían usarse como adjetivos&lt;/a&gt;. Esto es válido para los numerales &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=diez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=cien&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=mil&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y sus combinaciones, que son los que hemos tomado del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, los numerales &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=mill%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=bill%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;billón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... los hemos tomado del francés, porque en latín no existían. Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.le-dictionnaire.com/definition.php?mot=million&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en francés&lt;/a&gt;, solo están reconocidos como sustantivos. Así que imagino que esa es la razón (no soy una autoridad en el tema).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T08:54:52.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21268" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-20T13:43:55.480" Score="4" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me ha dado por leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.msn.com/en-us/movies/celebrity/mark-wahlberg-demanded-to-meet-his-daughters-date-but-he-got-a-surprise/ar-BBCTrjO?li=BBnbfcL&amp;amp;ocid=mailsignout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta noticia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;superchorra&lt;/em&gt; que me salía al cerrar la cuenta de correo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, Mark Wahlberg (actor) le dice a su hija de 13 años que quiere conocer a su novio/cita, para saber si es un buen muchacho. Resulta que el chico se presenta en casa del actor, con su propia madre. La noticia dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So the prospective boyfriend comes over to the house. &quot;And he &lt;strong&gt;one-ups&lt;/strong&gt; me,&quot; said Wahlberg. &quot;He brings his mom!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/one-upping&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One-up&lt;/a&gt; es un modismo que significa &quot;do better than (someone).&quot; Podría traducirse como en la mayoría de los casos como &lt;code&gt;ganar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Person A: &quot;I just got a 93% on my history test!&quot; &#xA;Person B: &quot;I got a 98%.&quot; &#xA;Person A: &quot;Ok, you **one-upped** me there.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona A: &quot;Vale, [ahí] me has ganado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay otros casos donde &lt;code&gt;ganar&lt;/code&gt; no es la mejor opción (especialmente porque &quot;ganar&quot; también tiene el signficado de &quot;conquistar&quot;, y podría entenderse como que alguien nos &quot;convence&quot; en lugar de que &quot;lo hace mejor que nosotros&quot;). En&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;He deftly one-upped the interrogator&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;One-upped&quot; tiene el sentido de &quot;ser más listo, más hábil, mejor, ir por delante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe en español un modismo o expresión que tenga este sentido de &quot;one-up someone&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T09:57:00.107" Title="Existe un modismo o expresión en español para &quot;one-ups/one-upped&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21268" CreationDate="2017-06-20T14:15:32.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado cambia segun el contexto, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;One day, curiosity one-upped me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Un día, la curiosidad me venció.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Curiosity finally one-upped me this week.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Finalmente me ganó la curiosidad esta semana.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Things have been one-upping me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Las cosas me están derrotando.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces como he dicho anteriormente, segun el contexto los significados pueden variar entre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Vencer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ganar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Derrotar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10807" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T09:01:40.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T09:01:40.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21266" CreationDate="2017-06-20T14:47:34.437" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los números relativamente pequeños como &lt;em&gt;cien&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mil&lt;/em&gt; son muy antiguos, existen y son usados de una manera u otra en el habla común desde hace milenios. Creo recordar que el numeral común más grande en la época clásica europea occidental era &lt;em&gt;miríada&lt;/em&gt; (diez mil), que en griego provenía de una palabra que significaba &quot;número vasto, incontable&quot; (los griegos agrupaban las potencias decimales de a cuatro, según entiendo, igual que hacen los chinos y japoneses). Las palabras que designaban a los números, al ser de uso común, funcionaban con la misma flexibilidad que otras (por ejemplo, transformándose de sustantivos en adjetivos, o permitiendo que se formasen derivados de todo tipo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los números más elevados y menos usuales ni siquiera existían como palabras en la antigüedad (&lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt; es del siglo XIII) y cuando fueron adoptados lo fueron como términos técnicos. Incluso hoy no hablamos con frecuencia de millones; en nuestra vida diaria podemos pasar de números tan inmensos salvo en dominios muy específicos. De ahí que estos números no hayan sido &quot;flexibilizados&quot; como los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T14:47:34.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21273" CreationDate="2017-06-20T15:05:23.100" Score="4" ViewCount="595" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; llamo a ti &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿sería también correcta como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo llamo a ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin &quot;&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? ¿Por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-02-16T19:57:43.600" LastActivityDate="2020-02-16T19:57:43.600" Title="El pronombre de objeto directo en la oración &quot;yo te llamo a ti&quot; es obligatorio u opcional?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21274" CreationDate="2017-06-20T16:23:06.373" Score="2" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;se&quot; to construct a passive voice sentence. The passive se formula is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se + verb (third person) + noun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se vende queso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English tranlation: Cheese sold here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to say &quot;Only cheese may be sold here&quot; in Spanish.&#xA;By using Dutch you could say: &quot;Alleen kaas mag hier verkocht worden&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question:&#xA;How can I use 2 verbs in the passive &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; formula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17018" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T17:18:47.553" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T20:05:35.497" Title="Using 2 verbs in a passive voice" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;se&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21271" CreationDate="2017-06-20T16:26:32.033" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no sería correcto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el pronombre se refiere a una persona, la norma dice que o bien se ponen ambos pronombre («&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;») y complemento («&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a ti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;»), o bien se pone solo el pronombre. Pero eliminar el pronombre en favor del complemento no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Referencia del DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5.1.&lt;/strong&gt; Si el complemento tónico es también un pronombre personal, la coaparición del pronombre átono es obligatoria, tanto si el complemento es directo como indirecto: &lt;em&gt;Me castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;A ti te dieron el premio&lt;/em&gt; (no *&lt;em&gt;Castigaron a mí&lt;/em&gt;; *&lt;em&gt;A ti dieron el premio&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:35:18.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:35:18.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21272" CreationDate="2017-06-20T20:05:35.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, the same way you would with one.  Note an active voice construction with and without &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;alguien vende queso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;alguien puede vender queso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use the &lt;em&gt;pasivo reflejo&lt;/em&gt;, first obviously we remove the subject and make the main verb agree with &lt;em&gt;queso&lt;/em&gt; (in this case, we change nothing, but if it were &lt;em&gt;quesos artesanales&lt;/em&gt; or something, we'd get &lt;em&gt;pueden&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vende&lt;sub&gt;(subj: queso)&lt;/sub&gt; queso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;sub&gt;(subj: queso)&lt;/sub&gt; vender queso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we add in the &lt;em&gt;se pasivo&lt;/em&gt;.  This will generally (always? too lazy to look in the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;) go on the primary verb, be it modal or otherwise.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; vende queso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; puede vender queso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if the object is in the singular, it &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; also be interpreted (and very likely would be in the case of &lt;em&gt;se puede&lt;/em&gt;) as a &lt;em&gt;se impersonal&lt;/em&gt;, where English often uses the impersonal &lt;em&gt;you/one&lt;/em&gt;.  The verb in that case will &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; be singular, regardless the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T20:05:35.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21268" CreationDate="2017-06-21T05:26:13.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar la expresión «ganar por la mano»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OF9CzGo%7COFAJXYy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ganar a alguien por la mano.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Anticipársele en hacer o lograr algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando tus ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me ganó por la mano: ¡se trajo a su madre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Definitivamente ganó al interrogador por la mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, al ser figurativa te sirve también para casos más negativos o abstractos, como el ejemplo de GingerHead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las cosas me están ganando por la mano últimamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T09:57:00.107" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T09:57:00.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T09:31:38.520" Score="11" ViewCount="2440" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando quería yo comprar tamales en la calle, la vendedora no tuvo cambio exacto y me ha dicho que &quot;no hay feria&quot; o algo así. ¿Reconoce alguien la frase y ortografía correcta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T20:55:07.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T20:55:07.167" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra que quiere decir &quot;cambio&quot; y suena como &quot;feria&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21276" CreationDate="2017-06-21T09:35:39.977" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré la respuesta en el diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HlfHahn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;feria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. El Salv. y Méx. dinero (‖ moneda corriente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Méx. y Nic. Dinero menudo, cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realmente yo debo buscar allí primero o en lugar de los otros diccionarios ingleses que yo uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T09:53:48.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T09:59:41.970" Score="3" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;When saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He could have been a doctor if he &lt;em&gt;had&lt;/em&gt; gone to university&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, would you use the subjunctive in 'had' resulting in the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habría sido un doctor si &lt;em&gt;hubiera ido&lt;/em&gt; a la universidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T14:32:05.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T14:32:05.157" Title="Is the subjunctive used in &quot;He could have been a doctor if he had gone to university&quot;? Why?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-21T15:22:48.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21284" CreationDate="2017-06-21T10:04:39.553" Score="5" ViewCount="1296" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo busco un trabajo para mí &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿ha de seguir las mismas reglas que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me busco un trabajo a mí &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o se puede usar sin pronombre átono? Y si la respuesta es sí ¿qué diferencia hay al cambiar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:57:17.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T20:31:23.383" Title="El pronombre de objeto indirecto en la oración “yo busco un trabajo para mí” ¿es obligatorio u opcional?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21279" CreationDate="2017-06-21T13:26:37.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesitas el pronombre. No puedes decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo busco un trabajo a mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que es casi como hablar en tercera persona de ti mismo. Puedes, por el contrario, decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me busco un trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ya que el &amp;quot;a mi&amp;quot; resulta un poco redundante al tener el pronombre &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; que ya indica sobre quién va a recaer la acción. En cualquier caso el &amp;quot;a mi&amp;quot; puede quedarse (o no)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella me dijo a mi [tal o cual cosa]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella le dijo a él [tal o cual cosa]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, por la naturaleza de la propia frase puedes decir simplemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Yo) Busco trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que normalmente cuando buscamos un nuevo empleo suele ser para nosotros mismos y no para terceras personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco una novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Yo) (Me) Busco una novia (a mi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco una novia para mi amigo Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de las preposiciones &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; ya puede depender de si estás usando el pronombre o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le busco una novia &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi amigo Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco una novia &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; mi amigo Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gramática tradicional identifica como complementos tanto &lt;code&gt;a mi novia&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;para mi novia&lt;/code&gt;, porque ambos hacen referencia a la misma realidad. Pero estos dos complementos son distintos por mantener una distinta relación con el núcleo oracional, lo que prueba el hecho de que el complemento con &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; se puede reduplicar con el pronombre clítico le&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le compré flores a mi novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que en el complemento con &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; no se puede reduplicar con le.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le compré flores para mi novia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Complemento%20indirecto%20con%20a%20-%20para.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hispanoteca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T14:26:44.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21279" CreationDate="2017-06-21T13:58:05.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una regla de sintaxis que dice que cuando se usa un pronombre de objeto con la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, el pronombre átono correspondiente también debe estar presente. Esta regla ya la conoces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la preposición que precede al objeto indirecto es &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, no hay ninguna regla que obligue a incluir también el pronombre átono. &lt;em&gt;Yo busco un trabajo para mí&lt;/em&gt; es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos (todos correctos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le compré un libro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Le compré un libro a ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Compré un libro para ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que no se puede hacer esta misma sustitución con todos los verbos. Por ejemplo, el verbo &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; es normalmente ditransitivo, es decir, requiere objeto directo e indirecto, y no se puede reemplazar el objeto indirecto (con &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;) por un complemento (con &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;Te di un regalo&lt;/em&gt; está bien, pero &lt;em&gt;Di un regalo para ti&lt;/em&gt; está mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como asunto aparte: &lt;em&gt;Yo me busco un trabajo a mí&lt;/em&gt; no es gramatical, porque aquí el objeto indirecto es reflexivo, así que si añades algo más también debe ser reflexivo: &lt;em&gt;Yo me busco un trabajo a mí mismo&lt;/em&gt; (pero eso suena muy forzado). Este problema no existe si usas la preposición &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. Puedes decir &lt;em&gt;Yo busco un trabajo para mí&lt;/em&gt; y también &lt;em&gt;Yo busco un trabajo para mí mismo&lt;/em&gt;. En el segundo caso el &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; es simplemente enfático, pero opcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:58:05.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21279" CreationDate="2017-06-21T14:22:19.313" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es una buena pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que la parte de la oración introducida por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, no siempre es un complemento indirecto: en ocasiones es un &lt;strong&gt;complemento circunstancial&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://delenguayliteratura.com/sintagma_preposicional_con_para_complemento_indirecto_CI_o_complemento_circunstancial_destinatario.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt; lo explican bien (para una fuente más oficial, tendrás que consultar una edición física de la Gramática de la RAE). No te copio el texto entero por no sobrecargar la respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son numerosos los gramáticos que, en la actualidad, consideran erróneo identificar un SPrep con “&lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;” como CI. Nos encontramos en estos casos con un CC de Destinatario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centrándonos en tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo busco un trabajo &lt;strong&gt;para mí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI?]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría pensarse que es una oración con CI, pero ¿lo es? Vamos a añadir el pronombre personal del CI para asegurarnos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; busco un trabajo &lt;strong&gt;para mí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI?]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora, probemos a cambiar el pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; busco un trabajo &lt;strong&gt;para mí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI???]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Sigue teniendo sentido! ¿Por qué? Porque, en realidad, &quot;para mí&quot; no es el CI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; busco &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a tu padre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; un trabajo &lt;strong&gt;para mí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[&lt;strike&gt;CI&lt;/strike&gt;CCDest]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; busco &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a mí mismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[CI]&lt;/em&gt; un trabajo &lt;strong&gt;para mí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[&lt;strike&gt;CI&lt;/strike&gt;CCDest]&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo visto en preguntas anteriores, ya sabemos que la obligatoriedad de mantener el pronombre aplica para el CI; pero en este caso no estamos hablando de un CI, sino de un CC, y por tanto no aplica la norma.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entonces, si queremos hacer explícito el CI, debemos mantener el pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo le busco a Juan un trabajo para su hermano. / Yo le busco un trabajo para su hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si no queremos incluir el CI, entonces no es necesario el pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo busco un trabajo para su hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T14:31:22.673" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T14:31:22.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21289" CreationDate="2017-06-22T05:09:20.887" Score="3" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de un capítulo de &quot;El club Dumas&quot; de Arturo Pérez-Reverte, ese escritor me tiene captado por su estilo (de momento). Él es muy artístico con el lenguaje, usando por ejemplo &quot;Hace mal&quot; por &quot;you're mistaken&quot;. Este modismo es nuevo para mí. Después de traducirlo al inglés, muchas veces necesito buscar la definición de muchas palabras de mi propia lengua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿qué regla se usa o entra en juega para que necesite el subjuntivo aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y es una coincidencia que haya mencionado a Dumas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es un complemento causativo: Aquí, el sujeto es la coincidencia y el verbo &quot;hacer&quot; es implicado: así la coincidencia hace que yo haya mencionado a Dumas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T07:08:55.253" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T07:08:55.253" Title="¿Por qué se usa subjuntivo en &quot;Y es una coincidencia que haya mencionado a Dumas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21288" CreationDate="2017-06-22T05:25:07.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa el subjuntivo cuando calificamos de forma subjetiva o juzgamos alguna cosa de forma emotiva, o bien cuando imponemos una razón por la que alguna cosa tiene lugar.  A veces es difícil distinguir y de hecho muchas veces hay fuertes solapamientos entre ellos.  Pero para darte algunas oraciones parecidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es normal que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es común que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es una coincidencia que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es un milagro que … [subjuntivo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que la subjetividad aquí sea más evidente cuando invertimos el valor y vemos lo fuerte que podría ser el juzgamiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es abnormal que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es poco común que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es por X razón que … [subjuntivo]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es una tragedia que … [subjuntivo] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso es posible en cosas que normalmente emplearían indicativo, como &lt;em&gt;es obvio que …&lt;/em&gt; (cuando esta calidad de ser obvio es algo subjetivo —de punto de vista personal con el entendimiento de que otros pueden opinar diferente— y menos objetivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T05:25:07.573" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21297" CreationDate="2017-06-22T07:46:56.207" Score="4" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya que me tocó elegir el texto, traigo un fragmento de uno de los cuentos de humor absurdo de Woody Allen, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/UFOs/comments/2uz87v/the_ufo_menace_woody_allen_1977/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The UFO Menace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene algunas palabrejas complicadas que no se pueden traducir, que yo sepa, con una sola palabra:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was in bed at my beach house, but could not sleep because of some fried chicken in the icebox that I felt entitled to. I waited till my wife dropped off, and tiptoed into the kitchen. (...) Suddenly the room turned bright orange. At first, I thought my wife had caught me eating between meals and set fire to the house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(248 caracteres)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una propuesta de traducción que no intenta ser sintética sería la siguiente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Estaba en la cama, en mi casa de playa, pero no podía dormir porque había un poco de pollo frito en la hielera y me sentía con derecho a consumirlo. Esperé a que mi esposa se durmiera y fui en puntas de pie a la cocina. De repente, la habitación se puso de un color naranja brillante. Al principio, pensé que mi esposa me había pescado comiendo entre comidas y había prendido fuego la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(308 caracteres)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que en ocasiones anteriores, pueden &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;consultar las normas&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contar los caracteres&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, nos hemos pasado de fecha y, si bien creo que terminaría de cerrar con las correcciones sugeridas, me parece que se puede dar por ganadora la versión de &lt;strong&gt;@AntonioLópezRuiz&lt;/strong&gt;, que, aún con la oración unimembre del comienzo, tiene sentido gramatical. Si todos están de acuerdo con ello, el ganador dispondrá de dos días para presentar un nuevo texto para traducir; pasado dicho lapso, cualquiera podrá hacerlo. ¡Gracias a todos por participar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:11:36.017" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:11:36.017" Title="Translation Golf X (Files): The UFO Menace" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-22T07:52:56.307" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2982" CreationDate="2017-06-22T09:16:44.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque esta pregunta sea de hace varios años y tenga ya su respuesta aceptada, un factor que no he visto comentado, en lo que se refiere a la pronunciación de las palabras tomadas del francés al menos, es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrancesado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la persecución de los &quot;afrancesados&quot;&lt;/a&gt; a principios / mediados del s. XIX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El excesivo servilismo de los reyes y ministros españoles hacia Napoleón, provocó la invasión de España por los franceses y la instauración de José Bonaparte como gobernante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esto derivó en la conocida Guerra de Independencia Española. Durante la misma y en los años posteriores, mostrar costumbres francesas o &lt;strong&gt;pronunciar las palabras igual que los franceses podía verse como un signo de apoyo al invasor&lt;/strong&gt;, con riesgo de ser &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrancesado#Represi.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acusado de traidor y apresado&lt;/a&gt;, o simplemente linchado por los vecinos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El 4 de mayo de 1814 Fernando VII (...) ordenó la persecución de todos los afrancesados (incluyendo a los liberales no colaboracionistas con el régimen napoleónico) que vivían en territorio español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante esta situación, las personas cultas que valoraban su pellejo pero decidieron no exiliarse, se aseguraron de pronunciar &quot;garaje&quot; en vez de &quot;&lt;em&gt;garash&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Nota: en realidad &lt;em&gt;garage&lt;/em&gt; aún no había entrado en el lenguaje por aquel entonces, pero es por usar el ejemplo de OP.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un factor más por el cual hoy día casi nadie pronuncia los galicismos como en francés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T09:16:44.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21290" CreationDate="2017-06-22T09:36:54.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comencemos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strike&gt;198 196&lt;/strike&gt; 182 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Insomne en mi cama de mi casa playera por el ansia de pollo frito de la nevera, esperé el sueño de mi mujer y de puntillas fui a la cocina. De choz todo se tornó naranja: &quot;me ha pillado picando entre horas y ha prendido la casa&quot;, pensé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QTHQX6V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nevera&lt;/a&gt; = frigorífico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=910Laee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De choz&lt;/a&gt; = de repente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T0BTFmP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pillar&lt;/a&gt; = sobrevenir a alguien algo, cogerlo desprevenido, sorprenderlo (acepción 7); coger, hallar o encontrar a alguien en determinada situación, temple, etc. (acepción 8).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualizaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U2LXouw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Prender&lt;/a&gt; = encender fuego (transitivo). Ejemplo del CORDE:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y la persona denunciada por un vecino [...] se ve conminada de pronto, a voces, a salir, y si es que no lo hace se le prende la casa, tirando teas, antorchas, leñas [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso Sastre, &quot;M. S. V. (o La sangre y la ceniza)&quot;, 1965 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debido → por. &lt;em&gt;Refactoring&lt;/em&gt; de la segunda frase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T06:22:30.633" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T06:22:30.633" CommentCount="10" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-22T09:36:54.867" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21295" CreationDate="2017-06-22T11:03:52.963" Score="6" ViewCount="508" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día leía una cosa así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Barça tiene &lt;strong&gt;dependencia de Leo Messi&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de otra forma, es frecuente leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Barça tiene &lt;strong&gt;Messidependencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.20minutos.es/deportes/noticia/luis-enrique-admite-barca-messi-dependencia-2972040/0/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Luis Enrique admite que el Barça tiene 'Messidependencia'&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras lo cual me surge la duda: ¿cómo se escribiría la palabra si se quisiera incluir también el nombre propio &lt;em&gt;Leo&lt;/em&gt; en la formación de &lt;em&gt;Messidependencia&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Sería &lt;em&gt;Leo Messidependencia&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Sería &lt;em&gt;Leo-Messidependencia&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿cómo se escriben los sustantivos compuestos generados a partir de la inclusión de un sufijo del tipo &lt;em&gt;dependencia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;manía&lt;/em&gt; o cualquier otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve mirando en el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas pero no encontré demasiada información al respecto de los sufijos, aparte de lo que describen en un artículo sobre género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T05:23:58.233" Title="¿Cómo se escriben las palabras compuestas cuando se les añade un sufijo?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21290" CreationDate="2017-06-22T13:41:33.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strike&gt;211&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;191&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;189&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;178&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;169&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;165&lt;/strike&gt; 161 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encamado en mi casa playera, no dormía ansiando pollo frito de la heladera. Al dormirse mi dama, sigiloso fui a por él. [...] De pronto la sala brilló naranja. Pensé: &amp;quot;Me cazó comiendo a deshora e incendió todo!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K5gdtSU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Heladera&lt;/a&gt;: 6. f. Am. frigorífico (‖ aparato electrodoméstico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update #2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;pollo frito&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;ave&lt;/strong&gt; frita&amp;quot;. Si cuela cuela, cuela. Ciero que un ave es más genérico, pero siendo esto &lt;em&gt;translation-golf&lt;/em&gt; creo que está dentro de los límites de lo razonable y de las reglas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update #3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DXshldX%7CDXtqSSD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desvelar(se)&lt;/a&gt;: uso este verbo para implicar que el protagonista no podía dormir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambio &amp;quot;incendiar la casa&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;incendiar(lo) todo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update #4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Atendidos comentarios sobre estar en la cama y que la comida es específicamente, pollo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=83ExEq7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cazar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; en sus sentido de &amp;quot; Sorprender a alguien en un descuido, error o acción que desearía ocultar.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso el recurso de que el personaje cita sus propias palabras/pensamientos en lugar de describir lo que pasaba por su mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update #5:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Omito el &amp;quot;ella&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;ella me cazó comiendo a deshora...&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T00:12:36.647" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-22T13:41:33.683" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21293" CreationDate="2017-06-22T15:51:32.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando por sufijo no vas a encontrar mucho, porque &quot;dependencia&quot;, &quot;manía&quot; etc. no son sufijos realmente. Pero buscando por &quot;palabras compuestas&quot;, sí que podemos encontrar pistas sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/publicaciones/210-derivados-y-compuestos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;criterio de la RAE al respecto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.10. Derivados y compuestos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Todas las voces derivadas de otras o formadas mediante composición, sin tener en cuenta la posibilidad de que su significado sea claramente deducible a partir de los elementos que las constituyen, pueden entrar a formar parte del Diccionario. Así sucede con los adverbios terminados en &lt;strong&gt;-mente&lt;/strong&gt;, las voces que contienen los prefijos &lt;strong&gt;anti-&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;des-&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. Podrá objetarse que las posibilidades de formación de nuevas palabras mediante estos procedimientos son prácticamente infinitas; pero lo cierto es que el uso real, en España y en América, acepta solo algunos neologismos de este tipo, mientras que rechaza otros. En este Diccionario solo aparecen aquellos términos que, vista la documentación de su empleo real, el Pleno académico ha decidido incluir. De igual modo, &lt;strong&gt;para registrar los adjetivos derivados, mediante sufijos no siempre iguales, de nombres propios de persona&lt;/strong&gt; (p. ej., &lt;strong&gt;cervantino&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;valleinclanesco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;borgiano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;brechtiano&lt;/strong&gt;...) se juzga suficiente el aval académico a partir de la documentación escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo anterior sacamos en limpio dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que, respondiendo a tu pregunta y tomando como referencia el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;valleinclanesco&lt;/em&gt;, lo &quot;correcto&quot; sería &lt;strong&gt;leomessidependencia&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que difícilmente la RAE va a aceptar ese palabro :-D&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T05:23:58.233" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T05:23:58.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2876" CreationDate="2017-06-22T15:51:34.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabed que a la diestra mano de la India &lt;strong&gt;hubo&lt;/strong&gt; una isla llamada California, muy llegada al paraíso terrenal...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido a que soy de la Baja California, he visto muchas veces el fragmento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:51:34.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21290" CreationDate="2017-06-22T23:21:43.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi respuesta al juego (español mexicano): &lt;strong&gt;157 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Insomne en cama de mi casa playera por desear pollo frito de la nevera. Al dormir mi mujer, sutilmente fui. De pronto, naranja brilló el cuarto. &quot;Me pilló jamando a deshoras e incendió la casa&quot;, pensé. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="13046" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T22:53:52.633" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T22:53:52.633" CommentCount="19" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-22T23:21:43.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21328" CreationDate="2017-06-23T01:47:33.057" Score="9" ViewCount="1569" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día leía un comentario en este sitio que usaba &quot;learnt&quot; y por un segundo pensé que estaba mal escrito. Como español aprendí un inglés con grandes influencias británicas pero cuando vine a Estado Unidos re-aprendrí a usar &quot;learned&quot;, que es la forma que se favorece aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos que en español sucede lo mismo, y algunos dirían &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conduce su coche pardo mientras habla por el móvil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y otros &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maneja su carro café mientras platica por el celular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, ¿llegan las diferencias regionales en el español también a las conjugaciones de los verbos? Sé que hay diferencias en el &lt;em&gt;significado&lt;/em&gt; de algunos verbos, pero pregunto específicamente por diferencias al formar alguna de las conjugaciones (como el caso de &quot;Learnt/Learned&quot; en inglés) ya sea favoreciendo formas distintas o que en una variante el verbo sea irregular y en otra no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T10:59:17.537" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T19:08:11.263" Title="Diferencias regionales en las conjugaciones de los verbos" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-23T02:26:14.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me acaba de ocurrir que un caso claro, aunque particualr,  sería el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido al voseo se admiten las formas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tú &lt;strong&gt;cantas&lt;/strong&gt; (estándar singular)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vos &lt;strong&gt;cantáis&lt;/strong&gt; (Voseo tipo I singular)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vos &lt;strong&gt;cantás&lt;/strong&gt; (Voseo tipo III singular)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tú &lt;strong&gt;cantái&lt;/strong&gt; (Voseo tipo II singular)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que serían una conjugación distinta debido a una diferencia regional. No es exactamente lo que buscaba con mi regunta, pero se me acaba de ocurrir y creo que merece la pena mencionarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T02:26:14.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2017-06-23T03:55:03.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que APP es una abreviación por proceso de acortamiento de la palabra aplicación, ortográficamente mal escrita por que no debería llevar la doble p, pero desde el punto de vista gramatical le caben las reglas propias de este procedimiento de abreviación; que según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=YCD8S5n6nD6NMUUtBY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acortamiento&lt;/strong&gt;. 1. Procedimiento de abreviación que consiste en eliminar las sílabas finales de una palabra para crear otra nueva: bici por bicicleta, cine por cinematógrafo, profe por profesor, súper por supermercado, macro por macroinstrucción, moto por motocicleta, foto por fotografía, taxi por taxímetro, etc. También existen, aunque en menor número, casos de acortamiento por supresión de sílabas iniciales: bus por autobús, fago por bacteriófago.&#xA;  2. La mayoría de los acortamientos mantienen el género de la palabra completa: la foto por la fotografía, el cine por el cinematógrafo; hay alguna excepción, como el cromo por la cromolitografía. Los acortamientos, cuando son sustantivos, suelen seguir las reglas generales de formación del plural (→ plural, 1): las fotos, las anfetas, los buses; pero algunos de ellos, como súper e híper, se mantienen invariables: los híper, los súper. Cuando son adjetivos, lo normal es que permanezcan invariables: películas porno (‘pornográficas’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, el artículo que le corresponde es &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; y su plural sería &lt;code&gt;Apps&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17050" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T16:12:54.490" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T16:12:54.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-23T05:47:16.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si preguntas por el uso real de los verbos, aunque según la RAE sea incorrecto, tengo un par de ejemplos de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el norte de Galicia se usa el pretérito de subjuntivo en lugar del pretérito perfecto simple: «ayer &lt;em&gt;fuéramos&lt;/em&gt; a la playa» en vez de «ayer fuimos a la playa».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la zona de Murcia se usa el presente de subjuntivo en el mismo caso: «ayer &lt;em&gt;cenemos&lt;/em&gt; en casa de Paco» en lugar de «ayer cenamos en casa de Paco».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros similares. No son cambios que apliquen a todos los verbos (igual que no todos los verbos se conjugan igual), y por supuesto no está aceptado por la RAE, pero son usos lo suficientemente extendidos como para que aparezcan en las secciones de vulgarismos y usos incorrectos, en diferentes tratados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si es lo que buscas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T06:44:57.773" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T06:44:57.773" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-23T14:41:16.543" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la zona de Logroño y en las provincias vascongadas no es raro el uso del condicional simple en vez del pretérito imperfecto: «si yo te &lt;em&gt;contaría&lt;/em&gt;» en vez de «si yo te &lt;em&gt;contara&lt;/em&gt;» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17051" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T14:41:16.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2017-06-23T21:17:05.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba por publicar esto como comentario, pero siendo una de mis controversias mascota, (pet peeve) les comparto mi opinión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho todo el concepto informático de &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;aplicación&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; es erróneo por la traducción como falso amigo de &lt;em&gt;application&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EL concepto de informática que se alinea más de cerca con el concepto original en inglés de &lt;em&gt;application&lt;/em&gt;, es el casi arcaico y ochentero &lt;strong&gt;paquete&lt;/strong&gt; en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativamente, y estirando un poco la definición podríamos usar como sustantivos apropiado el castizo y trillado &lt;strong&gt;programa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se estira el significado ya que es rarisimo encontrar una &lt;strong&gt;solución informática&lt;/strong&gt; que conste de in solo programa monolítico, de ahí que el &lt;strong&gt;paquete&lt;/strong&gt; (de programas) sea más apropiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos sustantivos (paquete/programa)  se pueden &lt;em&gt;aplicar&lt;/em&gt; a la solución de un problema, siendo el adverbio &lt;em&gt;aplicación&lt;/em&gt; el proceso de solución apoyado por el antemencionado &lt;strong&gt;programa/paquete de programas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen: lo más preciso, y conservador es &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;evitar el neologismo app&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y sus adicionales problemas de redacción y usar el auténtico concepto equivalente: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paquete /programa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debemos notar que en inglés, se usaba &lt;em&gt;package&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;program&lt;/em&gt;, y más usualmente &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt; de donde se hizo sinonimia &lt;em&gt;package&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;application software&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el furor de las &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;app&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; viene de un ingenioso  &lt;strong&gt;juego de palabras con fines mercadotecnicos&lt;/strong&gt; uno de los retoños tardíos de la genialidad de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steve Jobs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; quien invirtió una cantidad ridícula de dinero para poder quitarle el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Inc.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (incorporada) a su compañía para que se llamara sencilla y llanamente &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Apple&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (los derechos de esta marca, pertenecían a la disquera que conserva los derechos sobre el catálogo de los Beatles, &lt;em&gt;Apple records&lt;/em&gt;); y es por ello que irónicamente no se podía adquirir música de los Beatles en iTunes sino hasta recientemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo al tema, se hace evidente el objetivo de impulsar el genérico. &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;App&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;paquete / programa&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las computadoras PC de los mortales sólo pueden correr programas. Necesitas un equipo &lt;strong&gt;App&lt;/strong&gt;le para poder ejecutar un &lt;strong&gt;App&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apple: the app company. There is an app for that.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T14:50:31.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2017-06-24T00:39:21.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A no ser que esté hablando en inglés no uso «&lt;em&gt;off topic&lt;/em&gt;» nunca. &#xA;A parte de las alternativas ya mencionadas se me ocurren las siguientes opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacer un &lt;strong&gt;paréntesis&lt;/strong&gt;, un &lt;strong&gt;inciso&lt;/strong&gt; o una &lt;strong&gt;digresión&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un profesor, hablando a sus alumnos: «Si me lo permitís voy a &lt;strong&gt;hacer un paréntesis&lt;/strong&gt; en este tema sobre el modelado kárstico y os voy a contar una simpática anécdota que me pasó a los seis años cerca del yacimiento paleontológico de Quibas...»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;digresión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desviación en el hilo de un discurso oral o escrito para expresar algo que se aparta del tema que se está tratando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paréntesis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración o elemento incidental o suplementario, sin enlace necesario con los demás miembros del enunciado, cuyo sentido interrumpe y no altera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inciso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentario o digresión distinta del tema principal que se intercala en un discurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17057" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T00:39:21.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21307" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21313" CreationDate="2017-06-24T12:49:48.090" Score="4" ViewCount="4288" Body="&lt;p&gt;Paseando por un centro comercial hoy me he encontrado con la siguiente frase motivacional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La confianza en sí mismo es el primer secreto del éxito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que la frase me sonó un poco extraña, dado que tal y como estaba redactada parecía que quien escribió la frase no trataba de referirse ni a él a mí como quienes debíamos tener confianza, sino a una tercera persona (a fin de cuentas, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmOP8Ia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; es la forma tónica de &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). Yo habría más bien dicho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La confianza en uno mismo es el primer secreto del éxito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así tanto el que escribió la frase como yo mismo estaríamos incluidos en ella. Pero ¿es esto así? ¿Cómo entendéis vosotros la frase tal y como la vi escrita? ¿Significan lo mismo las dos propuestas o le veis diferencias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: es posible que la frase original sea el resultado de una traducción hecha a la ligera, no me fijé en quién la escribió.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T00:47:17.013" Title="¿Significan lo mismo &quot;sí mismo&quot; y &quot;uno mismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-24T16:36:17.540" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile está bastante arraigado el uso del indicativo en vez del subjuntivo del verbo &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; en este tipo de frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuidado, no te &lt;strong&gt;vas&lt;/strong&gt; a caer. (En vez de &amp;quot;no te &lt;em&gt;vayas&lt;/em&gt; a caer&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dame la mano, no nos &lt;strong&gt;vamos&lt;/strong&gt; a perder. (En lugar de &amp;quot;no nos &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt; a perder&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T16:36:17.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21311" CreationDate="2017-06-24T18:56:23.597" Score="2" ViewCount="17603" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría preguntaros si para el oído del hablante nativo hay alguna diferencia semántica entre estas dos formas gramaticales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Si yo &lt;strong&gt;tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; un hijo, no le bautizaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Si yo &lt;strong&gt;tuviese&lt;/strong&gt; un hijo, no le bautizaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T21:24:41.503" Title="&quot;Tuviera&quot; vs. &quot;tuviese&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21310" CreationDate="2017-06-24T20:18:52.957" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutamente ninguna, al menos en lo que a la norma respecta. Según la zona y según preferencias personales, unas personas tienden más a usar la primera forma y otras la segunda, y por tanto es posible que les suene ligeramente más raro el uso de la que no acostumbran; pero según la RAE son equivalentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T20:18:52.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21310" CreationDate="2017-06-24T21:02:47.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente hay diferencias regionales al respecto, tal vez otras respuestas aclaren eso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso, los chilenos preferimos cien por ciento la terminación -era. No hay en realidad ningún problema grave con decir &quot;tuviese&quot;, pero suena raro, tal vez un poco formal, aunque más bien afectado o rebuscado tratandose del habla de compatriotas. Lo más probable es que al escuchar la terminación -ese entendamos que la otra persona es extranjera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos pocos casos la terminación -ese suena francamente mal. No estoy seguro de que esto sea así en todos los países, pero esta frase me suena mal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo te quisiese ya te lo habría dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;o peor&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;Señorita, quisiese mostrarme ese reloj por favor.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Esto último es incorrecto, como me ha aclarado gentilmente guifa en los comentarios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-06-24T21:24:41.503" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T21:24:41.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21307" CreationDate="2017-06-25T00:47:17.013" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, no es incorrecto pero sí desaconsejable el uso del &quot;sí&quot; impersonal o genérico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es recomendable emplear el reflexivo &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; en oraciones impersonales con referente inespecífico o genérico; en esos casos, lo normal y preferible es usar el indefinido &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt;; así, en lugar de &lt;em&gt;Aquí se viene a hablar de sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; resulta preferible decir &lt;em&gt;Aquí se viene a hablar de uno mismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=OPRQrNgR6D6MJDLkBh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; la fuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T00:47:17.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21315" CreationDate="2017-06-25T03:15:24.797" Score="7" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2000/01/12/pdfs/A01139-01150.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ley Orgánica 4/2000 de 11 de enero&lt;/a&gt; contains the sentence, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En el procedimiento podrá requerirse la comparecencia personal del solicitante.&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me (and apparently to the &lt;em&gt;consulado&lt;/em&gt;), that means I &lt;strong&gt;will be&lt;/strong&gt; required to appear in person.  But Google Translate says &quot;… may be …&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to think my Spanish is better than Google's, but I'd like to know what this group thinks about this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14028" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T13:48:37.900" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T07:31:50.533" Title="Meaning of &quot;podrá requerirse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21314" CreationDate="2017-06-25T05:14:40.903" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because the verb &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; is defective in English, it's hard to imagine what &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; means outside if present or past (where &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; generally translates to &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;'s old past tense, &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes for other forms like the perfects (&lt;em&gt;he podido&lt;/em&gt;, etc) or potentials (&lt;em&gt;podré&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;podría&lt;/em&gt;), it can be easier to switch to English's periphrastic equivalent, &lt;em&gt;to be able&lt;/em&gt;. When used impersonally and in the present/past it would translate better with the pair of also-defective verbs &lt;em&gt;may/might&lt;/em&gt;, it tends to make more sense as &lt;em&gt;to be possible&lt;/em&gt; or as the adverb &lt;em&gt;possibly&lt;/em&gt; with the other verb placed in the appropriate English tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this light, we can see that this sentence says that the personal appearance &lt;em&gt;will possibly be required&lt;/em&gt;. In English, we would simply render this, though, as &lt;em&gt;a personal appearance may&lt;sub&gt;(at such future time)&lt;/sub&gt; be required&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The consulate, of course, based on that law is free to require it, but may if it chooses, opt not to require it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T05:14:40.903" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21318" CreationDate="2017-06-25T19:21:30.323" Score="4" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;En japonés la oración &quot;Qué te gusta hacer?&quot; tiene a la palabra &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; sucedida por la partícula &quot;o&quot; que marca objetos directos. O sea, para los japoneses, &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; es el objeto directo de esta oración. Es esto igual en español? Si/No/Porqué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T02:23:17.223" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T02:23:17.223" Title="Tiene objeto directo la oración-pregunta: Qué te gusta hacer?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21317" CreationDate="2017-06-25T21:19:49.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué te gusta hacer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el sujeto es &quot;hacer qué&quot; y, dentro de ese sujeto, &quot;qué&quot; es el objeto directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta puede ser un frase verbal con un verbo cualquiera, o con el verbo &quot;hacer&quot; seguido de objeto directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta surfear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gusta hacer surf.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las oraciones precedentes, &quot;surfear&quot; y &quot;hacer surf&quot; son sujeto. Dentro del sujeto &quot;hacer surf&quot;, &quot;surf&quot; es objeto directo de &quot;hacer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto demuestra que en la pregunta &quot;qué&quot; es el objeto directo dentro del sujeto &quot;hacer qué&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &quot;te&quot; es el objeto indirecto (OI). Esto se comprueba por el hecho de que, al cambiar a tercera persona, se utiliza &quot;le&quot; (marca de OI) en lugar de &quot;lo&quot; (marca de OD):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué le gusta hacer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T21:30:18.507" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T21:30:18.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21320" CreationDate="2017-06-25T22:48:37.020" Score="6" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always been taught that the gender of the adjective must agree with the noun. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was speaking to a friend about 'Orange is the New Black' (Netflix series), and couldn't decide how to translate, since there is no definitive subject of the title.  Searching the internet gives several different translations, but more generally, I'm curious how one decides which gender to use when there is no obvious subject (if I had to guess, I'd suggest that we'd default to the masculine adjectives). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13552" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:13:02.903" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T11:13:32.327" Title="Gender of adjectives when no noun is defined" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21319" CreationDate="2017-06-26T01:04:51.787" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Colors in Spanish usually work as nouns, besides being adjectives. Color nouns are always masculine: &lt;em&gt;el blanco, el negro, el azul, el rojo&lt;/em&gt;; even color nouns derived from feminine nouns are masculine: &lt;em&gt;el naranja, el violeta&lt;/em&gt;. This is probably because the noun forms are understood as referring implicitly to the word &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt;, which is masculine (&lt;em&gt;el naranja&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;el color naranja&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the English phrase &quot;Orange is the New Black&quot;, the subject is &quot;Orange&quot; and both &quot;Orange&quot; and &quot;Black&quot; are nouns, so if we were to translate it literally, it would be &lt;em&gt;El naranja es el nuevo negro&lt;/em&gt;. As far as I know this is not done (the title for the Spanish edition of the series is left &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Is_the_New_Black&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;as in English&lt;/a&gt;), which is just as well because the literal translation sounds awful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the color nouns with the definite article as above, for example, to speak of &lt;em&gt;el azul del mar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;the sea's blue&quot;), or with the indefinite article, for example &lt;em&gt;un verde tan oscuro que parece negro&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;a green so dark it looks like black&quot;). This is no different from English, by the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:04:51.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-26T05:20:53.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, en el campo, se dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fuistes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en lugar de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fuiste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con todos los verbos, no solo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:20:53.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21314" CreationDate="2017-06-26T07:31:50.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you had to translate &quot;&lt;em&gt;En el procedimiento &lt;strong&gt;se requerirá&lt;/strong&gt; la comparecencia (...)&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, what would you translate it to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd probably say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;will be&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, too.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But the two sentences have clearly different meanings, so that cannot be right, can it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a reference, these are the correct tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sure future action: &lt;strong&gt;se requerirá&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;will be required&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Probable future action: &lt;strong&gt;podrá requerirse&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;may be required&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible future action: &lt;strong&gt;podría requerirse&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;might be required&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T07:31:50.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21319" CreationDate="2017-06-26T10:38:20.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Orange is the new Black' would be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;El naranja es el nuevo negro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This is an ellipsis of &quot;El color naranja es el nuevo color negro&quot;. Because the gender is masculine. &quot;Color&quot; is masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the translation cannot be &quot;El color naranja es el nuevo color negro&quot;. That sounds very false (but the original does not sound very true).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17071" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T11:13:32.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T11:13:32.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21334" CreationDate="2017-06-26T11:42:19.623" Score="11" ViewCount="4395" Body="&lt;p&gt;John Carlin es un periodista y escritor británico. Su madre es española y, supongo que por ello, escribe en castellano con frecuencia. Hoy lo leo en El País en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://elpais.com/elpais/2017/06/25/opinion/1498420558_903138.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La voluntad del pueblo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al hacer esta afirmación estoy atento a la posibilidad de haber sucumbido a lo que en inglés llaman el “&lt;strong&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/strong&gt;”, frase hecha que retrata uno de los errores más frecuentes en los que caen los gobernantes, los políticos y la gente en general: convencerse de que el mundo es como uno quiere que sea y que las cosas saldrán como uno desea que salgan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, destaco la expresión &lt;em&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/em&gt; con la que etiqueta aquello que uno quiere creer, dejando de lado la objetividad y centrándose en querer que sea de una forma. Cada vez la oigo más en conversaciones en castellano. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguro que encontraré aparcamiento delante de casa. Bueno... llámalo &lt;em&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/em&gt;, pero yo creo que sí que lo lograré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, decirlo en inglés está bien, pero me pregunto si tenemos alguna expresión equivalente, que mantenga la parte jocosa de &quot;sí, tú sigue con tus ilusiones&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así a bote pronto se me ocurre la coletilla &lt;em&gt;llámame iluso&lt;/em&gt;, que se popularizó hace unos años en España por la canción de La Cabra Mecánica &lt;em&gt;No me llames iluso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T21:49:43.250" Title="¿&quot;Wishful thinking&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21266" CreationDate="2017-06-26T13:03:34.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver que el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cardinales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas habla de este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6. Las voces &lt;em&gt;millar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;millardo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;billón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trillón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuatrillón&lt;/em&gt; son sustantivos, a diferencia de los demás cardinales, cuya función primaria es adjetiva; por lo tanto, &lt;strong&gt;cuando estos numerales cuantifican por sí solos a un sustantivo, este debe ir necesariamente precedido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;un millón DE personas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dos billones DE pesos&lt;/em&gt;; pero si, por formar parte de un numeral complejo, van seguidos de otros cardinales, el sustantivo cuantificado no va precedido de preposición: un millón doscientas mil personas. Lo mismo sucede si se escriben con números: &lt;em&gt;1 000 000 DE personas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;1 200 000 personas&lt;/em&gt;. Además, estos sustantivos numerales, cuando se usan en singular, deben ir siempre precedidos de un determinante: &lt;em&gt;Acudieron un millón doscientas mil personas&lt;/em&gt; (no X &lt;em&gt;Acudieron millón doscientas mil personas&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;Mañana te devolveré EL millón de pesos que me prestaste&lt;/em&gt;. El caso de &lt;em&gt;mil&lt;/em&gt; es especial, puesto que pertenece a ambas categorías: mil es el adjetivo cardinal correspondiente al número 1000: &lt;em&gt;mil casas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mil personas&lt;/em&gt;; mientras que el plural miles es un sustantivo masculino sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;millares&lt;/em&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=KSewKKH9vD6E0PSwQ8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mil&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;em&gt;miles de euros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muchos miles de personas&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:03:34.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21329" CreationDate="2017-06-26T15:56:33.167" Score="6" ViewCount="1078" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para referirse a las décadas del siglo XX &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/en-los-anos-1970%C2%B4s-5573/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;se usan&lt;/a&gt; las siguientes formas: &lt;code&gt;los años veinte&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;la década de los 80&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;los cuarenta&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;los 20s&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿cómo referirse a las décadas de los siglos anteriores. Por ejemplo, si uno quiere comentar acerca de los años entre 1880 y 1889, ¿se puede escribir &lt;code&gt;los 80s del siglo XIX&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;los años ochenta del siglo XIX&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="654" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T17:56:56.577" Title="¿Cómo referirse a las décadas de los siglos antepasados?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:07:30.357" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;Exceso de optimismo&lt;/strong&gt;» es la expresión en español que mejor se adecua al significado e intención de la expresión inglesa, creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijándonos solo en el significado, podría valer «optimismo» a secas, pero le falta ese puntillo de sarcasmo del original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad, me sorprendería que en español no existiese alguna expresión más castiza para un concepto así, pero ahora mismo no se me ocurre ninguna. Quizá se podría hacer referencia al &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundoprimaria.com/fabulas-para-ninos/cuento-de-la-lechera/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuento de la lechera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de alguna forma, al fin y al cabo es un ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T16:07:30.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:17:05.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt; tiene una fuerte diferencia regional. En el español estándar solo se acepta una, no obstante, para mí no hay razón por desaconsejar el uso de la otra forma ya que era la forma más usada en el pasado y nunca se dejó de usar, obviamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt; en el pretérito indefinido (o pretérito perfecto simple) tiene la raíz fuerte &lt;strong&gt;traj-&lt;/strong&gt; en la gramática normativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero antiguamente era &lt;em&gt;trux-&lt;/em&gt; que evolucionó a &lt;strong&gt;truj-&lt;/strong&gt; que sigue disfrutando de uso en algunas regiones del mundo, aunque como ya mencioné, no forma parte del habla culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T16:17:05.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21326" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:19:52.063" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te contestas en el propio enlace que aportas en la pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las formas apropiadas son &lt;strong&gt;la década de 1970&lt;/strong&gt;, los setenta, los 70 y la década de los setenta, con números, si se menciona el año (1970), y con letras o números, si se mencionan solo sus dos últimas cifras (los setenta, los 70). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta de que 1970 es el siglo pasado. Por esa regla podrías decir &quot;la década de 1880&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que algunas de esas formas (en ese artículo) aprovechan el contexto de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; siglo pasado&quot; en lugar de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; siglo pasado (cualquiera)&quot;, pero puedes aplicar la misma norma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Durante la década de 1330 ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el siglo XIV, durante la década de los treinta ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma alternativa podrías decir &quot;la primera (segunda o tercera...) década del siglo X.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T17:56:56.577" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T17:56:56.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:37:32.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el español neomejicano, tradicionalmente la primera persona singular del verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; era &lt;em&gt;seigo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, ¿Quién eres?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;strong&gt;Seigo&lt;/strong&gt; Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el modelo normal, en el que esta forma comparte raíz con el presente del subjuntivo, también son diferentes las formas propias de ese modo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que ella &lt;strong&gt;seiga&lt;/strong&gt; la hija de María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la pérdida del idioma castellano en mediados del siglo XX y la recuperación del mismo unas décadas después por influencia mejicana, esta forma ya es, desgraciadamente, moribunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T16:37:32.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21332" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:53:10.727" Score="5" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;yo hago tareas&quot; , si entiendo correctamente, &quot;tareas&quot; es el objeto directo de la oración. ¿Qué pasa cuando el verbo &quot;hacer&quot; en lugar de recibir un sustantivo recibe un verbo, como en la oración &quot;hacer dormir a un recién nacido&quot; ? Es &quot;dormir&quot; en esta frase un objeto directo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T17:48:09.020" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T14:43:35.087" Title="En &quot;hacer dormir a un recien nacido&quot;, ¿qué es &quot;dormir&quot; sintácticamente?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21331" CreationDate="2017-06-26T17:05:47.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se indica en &lt;a href=&quot;http://slllc.ucalgary.ca/AVal/505/AGUsosInfinitivo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web sobre los usos del infinitivo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El infinitivo en español ejerce funciones de SUSTANTIVO y por lo tanto puede funcionar como sujeto, complemento del verbo o modificador de nombre, adjetivo o adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en &quot;Hacer &lt;strong&gt;dormir&lt;/strong&gt; a un recién nacido&quot;, El verbo &quot;hacer&quot; esta recibiendo un sustantivo. Entonces todo queda mucho más claro en ese análisis sintáctico... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T17:05:47.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21298" CreationDate="2017-06-26T18:37:34.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la segunda persona singular informal o de formalidad intermedia (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;) del pretérito indefinido (o pretérito perfecto simple), las terminaciones regulares pueden variar geográficamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos saben de la terminación con &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;nadastes&lt;/em&gt;, etcétera), propia del voseo y muy mal vista en dialectos tuteantes, pero hay otra: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres ir a la piscina o ya &lt;em&gt;nadates&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Tienes hambre o ya &lt;em&gt;comites&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Ya &lt;em&gt;escribites&lt;/em&gt; la carta a tu novia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en la primera conjugación, en vez de &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos &lt;strong&gt;-ates&lt;/strong&gt;, y en la segunda y tercera conjugación, tenemos &lt;em&gt;iste&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;strong&gt;-ites&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cosa parecida occure en la segunda persona plural informal en el dialecto andaluz, y puede subir la vocal átono a /i/: &lt;em&gt;-atis&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;-itis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T19:08:11.263" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T19:08:11.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-06-26T19:47:45.033" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción habitual de &lt;em&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;expresión de deseo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, es decir, algo así como poner en palabras lo que sólo pertenece al mundo irreal del deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, la oración donde aparece por lo general la frase en cuestión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's just wishful thinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es perfectamente equiparable a la oración, también con un adverbio restrictivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es sólo una expresión de deseo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justamente el adverbio restrictivo viene a recalcar el abismo que a veces existe entre lo que uno desea y la realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Completo mi respuesta con algunos ejemplos de Internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cartaabierta.cl/definiciones-de-bachelet-acentuan-diferencias-en-nueva-mayoria/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;“Yo creo que decir que había un giro al centro del gobierno, era lo más parecido a un &lt;strong&gt;wishful thinking&lt;/strong&gt;”, añadió, asegurando que la necesidad de moderación que expresan algunos sectores -derecha, empresarios y parte  del oficialismo- eran más bien una &lt;strong&gt;expresión de deseo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filosofitis.com.ar/2003/11/15/el-caos-y-la-complejidad-se-vistieron-de-congreso/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Porque la supuesta tesis de Guillot de que el año que viene será la era de Internet móvil en la Argentina de la mano del GSM fue antes que nada una &lt;strong&gt;expresión de deseo, wishful thinking&lt;/strong&gt;, que lo que se puede esperar de un análisis cultural de los cambios en las pautas de uso de los consumidores de tecnología celular en la Argentina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://connuestraamerica.blogspot.com.ar/2013/01/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo 3&lt;/a&gt; De nuevo, una de las principales dificultades opositoras en Venezuela estriba en creerse sus propios ejercicios de &lt;strong&gt;wishful thinking (expresión de deseo).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No sigo para no aburrir, pero hay muchos ejemplos más.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T16:23:49.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T16:23:49.510" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T20:09:41.313" Score="7" ViewCount="15450" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8H6QJTt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cenutrio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. coloq. Torpe o estúpido. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17077" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T14:59:09.783" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T11:02:52.067" Title="¿De dónde viene la palabra &quot;cenutrio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-06-26T20:23:47.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En adición a otras respuestas, creo que una traducción buena podría ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pensamiento positivo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Tiene la connotación de ser una forma deliberadamente optimista de vivir o de tratar determinados temas. Se trata de algo que tiene seguidores y detractores. No sé si la expresión &quot;wishful thinking&quot; permite esta contraposición, o si es más despectiva. Otro problema puede ser que también tenemos el &quot;positive thinking&quot; en inglés, por lo que seguramente estamos perdiendo algo de significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra expresión que tampoco es exacta, pero que puede ser buena para traducir determinados contextos, es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;declaración de intenciones&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Creo que se puede definir como una serie de puntos a seguir que alguien se autoimpone para alcanzar una meta. Puede tratarse de cosas demasiado abstractas, o de objetivos máximos cuya total consecución puede ser poco realista; pero que marcan una referencia o línea a seguir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14880" LastEditorUserId="14880" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T20:44:23.690" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T20:44:23.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21335" CreationDate="2017-06-26T20:54:50.610" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;Inventario General de Insultos&lt;/em&gt; de Pancracio Celdrán Gomariz se indica que es una &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;voz de creación expresiva, a partir del substantivo &quot;ceniza&quot;, de la familia de los cenizos y cejijuntos, cejudos o ceñudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El autor comenta que, si bien su acepción actual es la de &quot;persona boba, torpe&quot;, originalmente habría significado &quot;persona de mala estrella&quot; y &quot;cargado de energía negativa&quot;, por la relación del color ceniciento con las tierras malas y los ambientes negativos y sucios. De hecho, a una planta propia de estos lugares se le dice &lt;em&gt;ceñiglo&lt;/em&gt;, que es también derivado de &lt;em&gt;ceniza&lt;/em&gt; y al parecer también es un insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si este comentario tiene alguna base documental o es intuición del autor, y tampoco me queda clara la relación que hace con los cejijuntos, por lo que preferiría esperar a otra respuesta que nos dé más certeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T20:54:50.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21244" CreationDate="2017-06-26T23:31:51.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La aceptación se debe a que el prefijo -&lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt; proviene del latín -&lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt; (valga la redundancia) la cual significa &quot;no&quot;. Esta se relaciona con una raíz indoeuropea -&lt;strong&gt;ne&lt;/strong&gt; y esta presente en el prefijo griego  &lt;strong&gt;α&lt;/strong&gt; que significa negación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al utilizarla como prefijo de un adjetivo, este se convertiría en la negativa del adjetivo. Por ello, es fácil aceptar estas palabras de manera rápida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Insalubre es entonces la negación de la salud, esto es algo que perjudique la salud. No obstante, aunque es cierto que el adjetivo más utilizado es loco o demente, esto no implica que sea incorrecta la palabra insalubre. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T23:31:51.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2982" CreationDate="2017-06-27T10:48:47.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no se swahili, chino, ruso o comanche. No sé cómo se pronuncia una palabra en su idioma original y realmente no es un problema salvo si leo en swahili.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema radica en que alguien escribe una palabra en swahili en un texto español. Ese sí sabe como se pronuncia esa palabra y en vez de transliterar su pronunciación y escribirlo como corresponde en español, la escribe tal cual. Yo, la leeré tal cual la leería en español, acento incluido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17071" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T11:42:56.903" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T11:42:56.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21244" CreationDate="2017-06-27T14:02:28.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy hablante de dialecto castellano y creo que nunca he usado &lt;code&gt;insano&lt;/code&gt; como sinónimo de loco. Siempre para mí algo insano es algo insalubre, poco saludable. Su uso como loco me suena a anglicismo sin traducir, no sabía que se usara realmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario como sinónimos de loco puede usar: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desquiciado &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;demente &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;majareta &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lunático&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mal de la cabeza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17071" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T14:40:58.363" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T14:40:58.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T14:13:20.017" Score="8" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña se baja del coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; needed as we know it is the girl that gets out of the car?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T18:30:34.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T13:05:04.120" Title="Why is the &quot;se&quot; needed in &quot;la niña se baja del coche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21343" CreationDate="2017-06-27T14:18:33.160" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4oVHmf8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bajar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can be used in a pronominal form when referring to geting off a vehicle or an animal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Quitarse de encima de un animal o de una cosa. &lt;em&gt;Bajar DEL caballo&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;em&gt;Bajarse DEL taburete&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Salir de un vehículo. &lt;em&gt;Bajar DEL taxi&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;em&gt;Bajarse DEL avión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;Usado también como pronominal&amp;quot;. That is, &amp;quot;also used as pronominal&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both of these are equivalent and correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;baja&lt;/strong&gt; del coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;se baja&lt;/strong&gt; del coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T14:38:31.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T15:22:28.453" Score="4" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se diría &lt;code&gt;To pull a trump&lt;/code&gt; en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según he visto significa algo como &lt;code&gt;ser testarudo&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;porfia'o&lt;/code&gt; :). Pero quisiera saber cuál es la traducción más acertada de esta frase al español y ejemplos de cómo se podría usar esta frase en ingles y sus traducciones al español más exactas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T18:55:39.257" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:19:37.083" Title="&quot;Pull a Trump&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21347" CreationDate="2017-06-27T16:04:36.717" Score="7" ViewCount="3144" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país, Cuba, hasta donde he oído se usa &lt;code&gt;percha&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;perchero&lt;/code&gt; para referirse a ese objeto donde se cuelga la ropa, usando indistintamente ambos términos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí percha es donde se cuelga la ropa y perchero es donde se cuelgan las perchas, o esa es la idea que tengo. Quizás el término &lt;code&gt;perchero&lt;/code&gt; no sea muy conocido, pero yo si lo he oído muchas veces, por lo menos en mi país. Vivo en Holguin, Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T08:02:56.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T08:36:23.243" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;percha&quot; y &quot;perchero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21346" CreationDate="2017-06-27T16:25:48.663" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE incluye &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SXTmTs7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;perchero&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;perchero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Conjunto de perchas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Lugar en que hay perchas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. percha (‖ pieza con colgaderos para la ropa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay 13 entradas para  &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SXM0KKz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;percha&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, entre ellas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pieza o mueble de madera o metal con colgaderos en que se pone ropa, sombreros u otros objetos, y que puede estar sujeto a la pared o constar de un palo largo y de un pie para que apoye en el suelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Utensilio ligero que consta de un soporte donde se cuelga un traje u otra prenda parecida y que tiene en su parte superior un gancho para suspenderlo de una percha o de una barra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que entiendo que por percha te puedes referir a un tipo de mueble, donde colgar sombreros o abrigos (un &lt;em&gt;coat rack&lt;/em&gt;), por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k6Awrm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k6Awrm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo a este utensilio le habría dicho siempre &lt;code&gt;perchero&lt;/code&gt;, pero parece que puede ser descrito con la definición de &lt;code&gt;percha&lt;/code&gt; del DRAE. Idem para algo como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5dk29m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5dk29m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusión&lt;/strong&gt;: Yo pensaba lo mismo, que la &lt;em&gt;percha&lt;/em&gt; es la pieza de madera con un gancho donde poner una camisa, por ejemplo, y que el &lt;em&gt;perchero&lt;/em&gt; es otro lugar donde poner más ropa o perchas, pero según esas definiciones del diccionario, ambos términos son hasta cierto punto &quot;intercambiables&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T16:32:09.123" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T16:32:09.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21345" CreationDate="2017-06-27T17:16:58.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Segun urban dictionary, pulling a trump significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Getting hired for a job, despite being highly unqualified. Typically,&#xA;  you applied for said job as a dare, joke, or just because you can. You&#xA;  BS your way through the initial interview process, until it becomes&#xA;  too embarrassing to admit you're not actually qualified and you don't&#xA;  actually want the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de la frase utilizada en el idioma ingles sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jill: I can't believe I actually got that job as the pitching coach&#xA;  for the New York Yankees. I've never even thrown a baseball my life!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom: Wow, that's really pulling a Trump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español sin embargo, podría ser de la forma &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;aplicaste la/una&lt;/strong&gt; Trump&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al no ser una frase oficial se debe de denotar la connotación no forzosamente lleva a la persona a entender lo mismo. Solo da a entender que hiciste algo del estilo de Trump (dado su historial, hay muchas cosas que podrías pensar de ello. Ahora, esto pasa también en el inglés. Si quieres una traducción que inmediatamente haga a la persona entender el mismo significado podrías explicar que eso significa ser contratado para un trabajo a pesar de no tener las habilidades requeridas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastEditorUserId="13046" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T17:19:37.083" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:19:37.083" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T17:40:36.660" Score="4" ViewCount="786" Body="&lt;p&gt;E. Montolío en su artículo &quot;Las construcciones condicionales&quot; habla de tres tipos de oraciones condicionales básicas (reales, potenciales e irreales) y pone algunas combinaciones posibles de los modos verbales, por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;si+indicativo + indicativo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Si estudias aprobarás&lt;/em&gt;.), etc. &#xA;He encontrado algunos ejemplos que no „encajan“ en ninguna pauta de los que ella ofrece. ¿Me  podríais por favor explicar por qué es así? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) si+imperfecto de indicativo + condicional compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habrían podido meterme a la cárcel, si me pescaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Por qué no &quot;si me hubieran pescado&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2a) si+subjuntivo imperfecto + subjuntivo pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tenía novio y me puedo imaginar que si lo tuviese no me lo hubiera&#xA;  dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Por qué no &quot;si lo hubiera tenido no me lo hubiera dicho&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2b)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si fuera rico, no me hubiera ido a Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Por qué no &quot;no me iría a Australia&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3) si+imperfecto de subjuntivo + condicional compuesto&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si fuera mi hija, quizá ya la habría matado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Por qué no &quot;la mataría&quot;? ¿Se puede combinar el imperfecto de subjuntivo con el condicional compuesto?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4) si+subjuntivo pluscuamperfecto + indefinido de indicativo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tuvo suficiente leche para alimentar muchos niños más, si así lo&#xA;  hubiera deseado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Entiendo el sentido de la frase pero cuando consulto las combinaciones de Montolío y no encuentro esta pauta, estoy confundida... ¿Sería posible utilizar el indicativo aquí – &quot;si así deseaba&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5a) si+imperfecto de indicativo + subjuntivo pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iba a saltar, lo hubiera hecho si él no me lo impedía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Aquí me parece que la parte &quot;lo hubiera hecho&quot; puede ser sustituida por &quot;lo habría hecho&quot; pero no estoy segura). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5b)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sexo pudo salvarme si ella hubiese contestado: sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(¿Por qué no &quot;El sexo hubiera podido salvarme si ella hubiese contestado: sí.&quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para coronarlo todo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6) si+pluscuamperfecto + presente de indicativo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad es que si hubiera seguido un momento más así me caigo de&#xA;  cabeza en la rayuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Aquí no tengo ni idea porque no entiendo en absoluto cómo se puede combinar estas dos formas.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchísimas gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T01:55:25.733" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:34:18.327" Title="Pregunta sobre tiempo y modo verbal en las oraciones condicionales" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21345" CreationDate="2017-06-27T18:48:53.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el habla coloquial de Chile, el equivalente a ésta o cualquier otra frase del tipo &lt;em&gt;to pull a...&lt;/em&gt; sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mandarse&lt;/strong&gt; un Trump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se te salió&lt;/strong&gt; un Trump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No para referirse exactamenta a &lt;em&gt;testarudo&lt;/em&gt;, sino a cualquier característica buena o mala del personaje aludido, que sea análoga a algo que se está realizando. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te mandaste un Messi (hiciste un gol bonito)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, &amp;quot;mandarse un Trump&amp;quot; acá sería (por ejemplo) &amp;quot;decir intencionalmente una estupidez impopular&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Fuera del tema, los chilenos tenemos la frase hecha &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;mandarse un condoro&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, que se refiere a un personaje de historieta llamado Condorito. Significa &amp;quot;cometer un error&amp;quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T18:48:53.303" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21345" CreationDate="2017-06-27T18:59:45.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De la excelente &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21348/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de Antonio&lt;/a&gt; interpreto el juego de palabras entre el apellido Trump y la expresión &quot;sacar un triunfo&quot; en inglés. &lt;em&gt;Sacar un triunfo&lt;/em&gt; indica tener un golpe de suerte, que parece que es lo que infiere la expresión que tuvo Trump al ganar las elecciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo todo esto en cuenta, puede que lo más cercano manteniendo el juego de palabras sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trumpar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Trump + &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ajWH3ue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;triunfar&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sacar un trumpfo&lt;/em&gt; (Trump + triunfo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero dado que estos giros son bastante intraducibles, yo optaría por algo más castizo del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15032/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener una flor en el culo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T18:59:45.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21349" CreationDate="2017-06-27T20:18:03.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Habrían podido meterme a la cárcel, si me pescaban.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque formalmente este uso es incorrecto, la tendencia a reemplazar el subjuntivo por indicativo de esta manera es común en el registro hablado. En mi propio dialecto yo he escuchado eso y también sustitución de condicional: &quot;Si hubiera sabido antes te avisaba con tiempo&quot;, &quot;Si me pescaban me metían a la cárcel&quot;. Mal que mal es como los hablantes se expresan. En portugués coloquial también la he escuchado, no sé si en otras lenguas romances también ocurre, pero no me extrañaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2a) &quot;No tenía novio y me puedo imaginar que si lo tuviese no me lo hubiera dicho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay un embrollo de tiempos verbales que quizá el hablante se sienta tentado a simplificar para no repetir. Si fuéramos a lo más formalmente correcto debería ser &quot;... si lo hubiese tenido no me lo habría dicho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2b) &quot;Si fuera rico, no me hubiera ido a Australia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en el ejemplo anterior aquí hay sustitución de subjuntivo por condicional. Esta sustitución es extremadamente común y ni siquiera sé si los gramáticos la consideran todavía incorrecta. En cuanto al uso del pluscuamperfecto, otra vez hay una simplificación de tiempos: quizá sería más correcto decir &quot;Si hubiese sido rico no me habría ido a Australia&quot; o bien &quot;Si fuera rico no me iría a Australia&quot;. Así como está, de todas formas, el significado está claro: tanto la hipotética riqueza como la ida a Australia ocurrieron en el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3) &quot;Si fuera mi hija, quizá ya la habría matado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase me parece totalmente correcta. La construcción con pluscuamperfecto y el adverbio &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; me sugiere que hay una acción pasada implícita a la cual esta hipótesis precede en el tiempo. &quot;Si fuera mi hija quizá la mataría&quot; sugiere que el hablante se propone realmente matar a alguien en caso de que se cumpla la condición; el ejemplo como está sugiere que la hipotética decisión no está actualmente siendo considerada por el hablante, sino que podría haberlo sido en un tiempo anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4) &quot;Tuvo suficiente leche para alimentar muchos niños más, si así lo hubiera deseado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas si se podría utilizar &quot;...si así lo deseaba&quot;. Creo que se entendería bien y no sonaría incorrecto, pero por como está construido el ejemplo, queda claro que el &quot;tuvo suficiente leche&quot; es algo que ya ocurrió y terminó, y por lo tanto el &quot;alimentar muchos niños más&quot; es algo que sólo puede ser deseado con anterioridad a ese otro suceso pasado (pretérito pluscuamperfecto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5a) &quot;Iba a saltar, lo hubiera hecho si él no me lo impedía.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como supones, podría ser mejor decir &quot;lo habría hecho&quot;, pero aquí está otra la sustitución de condicional por subjuntivo. A mí me llama más la atención que se utilice el pretérito imperfecto del indicativo en vez del subjuntivo compuesto (&quot;impedía&quot; en vez de &quot;hubiese impedido&quot;). Éste es el mismo caso que en el ejemplo 1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5b) &quot;El sexo pudo salvarme si ella hubiese contestado: sí.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo también habría preferido un compuesto en vez de un indefinido. Vale lo mismo que en el ejemplo 4).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6) &quot;La verdad es que si hubiera seguido un momento más así me caigo de cabeza en la rayuela.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí no sé qué decirte. Está claro que algo no está &quot;bien&quot; con ese presente de indicativo, pero también ocurre que este tipo de frase la escucho todo el tiempo, de gentes de todas las edades y clases sociales, en todos los ámbitos excepto los muy formales. Habría que investigar si este fenómeno de simplificación extrema está reconocido y descripto. (Prometo volver y editar si encuentro algo.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: un ejemplo de la sustitución del subjuntivo por pretérito imperfecto del indicativo en la prótasis de una oración condicional. Dos párrafos seguidos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lacapital.com.ar/opinion/los-presos-y-los-privilegiados-n1521347.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una nota política&lt;/a&gt; en el diario &lt;em&gt;La Capital&lt;/em&gt; (Rosario, Argentina, 10/dic/2017).&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zO07g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zO07g.png&quot; alt=&quot;subjuntivo reemplazado por indicativo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T12:34:18.327" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:34:18.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21343" CreationDate="2017-06-27T23:08:20.630" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of questions in this site already dealing with pronominal verbs, which I would advise the OP to read. From the descriptive point of view, some Spanish verbs just work like that, and that's it. Other Romance language have them and use them extensively, and German has a lot of them as well. In English their use is much more restricted: only in phrases like &lt;em&gt;pick oneself up&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pull oneself together&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of Spanish intransitive verbs of movement are pronominal. This makes some sense since the action is performed by the subject on theirself, which makes it reflexive (sort of): &lt;em&gt;bajarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;subirse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;marcharse&lt;/em&gt;. They are pronominal and thus suggest reflexive action even when the action is involuntary: &lt;em&gt;deslizarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;caerse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tropezarse&lt;/em&gt;. They are also pronominal when there's a decision not to move: &lt;em&gt;quedarse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plantarse&lt;/em&gt;. Most can be used also as plain non-pronominal verbs, and some can double as transitive (&lt;em&gt;bajar/subir las escaleras&lt;/em&gt;), but in general they are indeed pronominal most of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only reason I can think of for emphasizing the fact that the subject is performing the action on theirself, as in &lt;em&gt;La niña se baja del coche&lt;/em&gt;, is that, as you begin to hear and parse the sentence, there is the possibility that the verb is actually transitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La niña baja del coche.&lt;/em&gt; (intransitive) — but:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La niña baja a su amigo del coche a patadas.&lt;/em&gt; (transitive)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La niña baja del coche a su amigo de un empujón.&lt;/em&gt; (transitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With verbs other than &lt;em&gt;subir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bajar&lt;/em&gt; this might or might not happen, but there are often shades of meaning that make a pronominal form useful. For example, with &lt;em&gt;quedar(se)&lt;/em&gt; there is again the contrast (not always very clear) between an action performed by the subject vs. an action perfomed by someone else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La niña quedó sola en la casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The girl was left alone in the house.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La niña se quedó sola en la casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The girl stayed alone in the house.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realise this is not a satisfactory explanation but I doubt there is one that covers all the pronominal verbs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T23:08:20.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-06-28T02:11:36.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me sorprende que nadie haya sugerido todavía ninguna de las expresiones que tenemos en español relacionadas con &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YNNUPN4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;soñar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en su acepción de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Discurrir fantásticamente y dar por cierto y seguro lo que no lo es. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso la de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Anhelar persistentemente algo. &lt;em&gt;Soñar con grandezas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que transmiten ese significado de &quot;aquello que uno quiere creer, dejando de lado la objetividad y centrándose en querer que [la realidad] sea de una forma [concreta]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ser un soñador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soñar despierto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estás soñando / Tú sigue soñado...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soñar es gratis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aplicadas al ejemplo de la pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguro que encontraré aparcamiento delante de casa. Bueno... (será que) soy un &lt;em&gt;soñador&lt;/em&gt;, pero yo creo que sí que lo lograré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguro que encontraré aparcamiento delante de casa. Bueno... déjame &lt;em&gt;soñar&lt;/em&gt;, yo creo que sí que lo lograré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguro que encontraré aparcamiento delante de casa. Bueno...  &lt;em&gt;Soñar&lt;/em&gt; es gratis, no?. Quien sabe? Lo mismo hoy sí que lo lograré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si me puedo atrever con una interpretación libre del texto de Carlin...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al hacer esta afirmación estoy atento a la posibilidad de haber sucumbido a lo que en español se llama “&lt;strong&gt;soñar despierto | ser un soñador&lt;/strong&gt;”, frase hecha que retrata uno de los errores más frecuentes en los que caen los gobernantes, los políticos y la gente en general: convencerse de que el mundo es como uno quiere que sea y que las cosas saldrán como uno desea que salgan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T02:11:36.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21345" CreationDate="2017-06-28T02:35:01.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés una &quot;trump card&quot; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;a valuable resource that may be used, especially as a surprise, in order to gain an advantage&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes expresiones similares en inglés como &quot;to have an ace in the hole&quot; o &quot;to have an ace up in the sleeve&quot;, que pueden traducirse al español directamente como &lt;code&gt;tener un as bajo la manga&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay quien incluso usa la expresión de &quot;free out of jail card&quot; refiriéndose a la carta del juego del juego del Monopoly (también conocido como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly#Espa.C3.B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El palé&lt;/a&gt; en España), que tiene traducción directa en español, pero es menos conocida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible todavía encontrar expresiones similares con ciertos matices culturales. Un &quot;trump card&quot; es una carta ganadora (dependiendo del juego, podría ser cualquiera) pero no sería difícil considerar dicha carta un &lt;em&gt;comodín&lt;/em&gt; (wildcard). En España nadie diría &quot;voy a usar un comodín&quot;, refiriéndose a la carta de la baraja que puede tomar cualquier valor, pero sí refiriéndose a los &quot;comodines&quot; (recursos) que se otorgaban en un concurso de televisión&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (la expresión era más usada hace años, cuando el concurso era más popular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(to) pull a trump (card) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede ser una expresión más relacionada con el significado de &quot;usar un recurso valioso para obtener una ventaja decisiva&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Por ejemplo,&quot;el comodín de la llamada&quot; en el que el concursante podía llamar por teléfono a un amigo para que le ayudase con una de las preguntas del concurso. Los otros dos comodines que tenía el concurso eran el del &lt;em&gt;publico&lt;/em&gt; (el público en el plató votaba cuál creía que era la respuesta correcta y el concursante elegía) o el del 50% (se eliminaban la mitad de las opciones entre las que podía elegir el concursante, eliminado por tanto la mitad de las respuestas incorrectas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T02:35:01.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21343" CreationDate="2017-06-28T03:42:47.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sol baja por el oeste.  &lt;em&gt;The sun goes down in the west.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't take any effort on the part of the sun.  It just goes down.  Another example would be when the exchange rate in a country changes.  For example, the dollar could go down, in relation to other currencies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El dólar bajó dramáticamente ayer; a ver si se corrige hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now imagine a girl descending from a carriage or from the driver's seat of a carriage.  Getting down from the carriage or the carriage's driver's seat is more involved.  There's a dismounting or an extricating -- collecting of personal items, gathering up the long skirt, etc.  This extra effort, on the part of the person dismounting, is expressed by using a reflexive pronoun.  The pronoun makes the action more deliberate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least, that's how it feels to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T03:42:47.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21345" CreationDate="2017-06-28T03:59:33.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dijo un disparate [o tergiversó las cosas] &lt;em&gt;a la Trump.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A la Trump&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;como suele hacer Trump&lt;/em&gt; pero más económicamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disparate&lt;/em&gt;: algo que se dice que está fuera de razón y regla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZYDKu2r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tergiversar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Dar una interpretación forzada o errónea a palabras o acontecimientos&lt;/em&gt; (DLE); torcer las palabras para representar otra idea diferente (mi interpretación de la palabra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T13:42:19.947" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T13:42:19.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21346" CreationDate="2017-06-28T08:36:23.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para complementar la muy bien documentada &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21347/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de Diego&lt;/a&gt;, es importante notar que el Diccionario de americanismos recoge una acepción específica de tu país, Cuba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=Fu5Q5CHDJx0AyKYMnYi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;percha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  f. ES, Cu, Ve, Ur. Conjunto de prendas de vestir, especialmente las elegantes y costosas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.    Cu, PR. Armario sin puertas para colgar ropa.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  RD. Lujo y ostentación en el vestir. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  Gu, Ho. prensa, multitud o montón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  f. Ch. Sarta de pescados o mariscos.&#xA;  IV. 1.  f. Ho. Conjunto de tablas puestas verticalmente para el secado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ho. Rama seca de un árbol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  V.  1.  adj/sust. Ec. Referido a mujer, solterona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ▶   echar ~; quedarse en la ~; tirar ~; tirarse la ~.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LtJcT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LtJcTm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=rWO4UTajvx0AKl2avDv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perchero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece en dicho diccionario pero con una acepción propia de Ecuador, por lo que entiendo que en Cuba su uso es el estándar que recoge el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SXM0KKz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;percha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. perche o del cat. perxa, y estos del lat. pertĭca 'pértiga'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Pieza o mueble de madera o metal con colgaderos en que se pone ropa, sombreros u otros objetos, y que puede estar sujeto a la pared o constar de un palo largo y de un pie para que apoye en el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yendo un poco más allá, el NTLLE me descube que la palabra &lt;em&gt;perchero&lt;/em&gt; es muy nueva, ¡apenas tiene cien años! En efecto, su primera referencia en diccionarios es del 1918 de Rodríguez Navas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mueble o utensilio de madera o metal, formado por un soporte con varias perchas, para colgar ropas u otros objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, percha viene de lejos (de hecho del latín &lt;em&gt;pertĭca&lt;/em&gt; -&lt;em&gt;pértiga&lt;/em&gt;- a través del francés o el catalán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me sugiere que lo de &lt;em&gt;mueble de madera&lt;/em&gt; es una acepción que ha ido cogiendo consistencia con el tiempo y que, tal y como concluye Diego, puede ser sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;percha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SXTmTs7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perchero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Conjunto de perchas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Lugar en que hay perchas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. percha (‖ pieza con colgaderos para la ropa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T08:36:23.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21359" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21360" CreationDate="2017-06-28T10:33:54.043" Score="4" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces en &lt;a href=&quot;https://japanese.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Japanese Language&lt;/a&gt; hablan de &quot;frase sustantivo&quot; , y que tal frase es una &quot;frase sustantivo&quot; y no una oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe este concepto en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según ellos, &quot;la bufanda roja que ella estaba ondeando&quot; por ejemplo, sería una &quot;frase sustantivo&quot; y no una oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T11:24:23.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T11:24:23.667" Title="¿Existe el concepto de &quot;frase sustantivo&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21359" CreationDate="2017-06-28T11:10:52.160" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagino que te refieres a la expresión &lt;em&gt;noun phrase&lt;/em&gt;, que en castellano es &lt;em&gt;frase nominal&lt;/em&gt; (en Wikipedia aparece como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintagma_nominal&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sintagma nominal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). El concepto no es específicamente japonés; no sé si todos los idiomas tengan un equivalente, pero todos los que conozco lo tienen. Una frase nominal es una palabra o conjunto de palabras que tiene aproximadamente la misma función que un sustantivo. Un sustantivo solo puede ser una frase nominal, como así también un sustantivo con un artículo, un conjunto artículo + sustantivo + adjetivo, etc. Dependiendo del idioma, se puede hacer que una frase nominal modifique a otra dando como resultando una frase nominal compuesta mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu ejemplo, &quot;la bufanda roja que ella estaba ondeando&quot;, es en efecto una frase nominal, ya que se puede usar en los mismos lugares de la oración que un sustantivo (más/menos artículo, etc.). No es una oración completa (del tipo sujeto + predicado) porque el verbo se encuentra dentro de una subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En japonés no existen los pronombres relativos que marcan las subordinadas pero en tu ejemplo esto facilita darse cuenta de que se trata de una frase nominal, porque la construcción termina en un sustantivo (mi japonés está oxidado pero sé con seguridad que la última palabra de esa frase será &lt;em&gt;bufanda&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los siguientes ejemplos puedes ver cómo las frases nominales (marcadas en negrita) pueden ser cada vez más detalladas según las modifiques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La bufanda&lt;/strong&gt; voló en una ráfaga repentina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La bufanda roja&lt;/strong&gt; voló en una ráfaga repentina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La bufanda roja que ella estaba ondeando&lt;/strong&gt; voló en una ráfaga repentina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La bufanda roja que ella estaba ondeando aquel día cuando la vimos pasar frente a casa a toda velocidad en su automóvil descapotable nuevo&lt;/strong&gt; había sido adquirida en una tienda de París.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por supuesto las mismas frases nominales, que aquí son sujetos, pueden ser objetos directos de un verbo u objetos de preposiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vi pasar volando &lt;strong&gt;la bufanda roja que ella estaba ondeando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Fuimos por la autopista con &lt;strong&gt;la bufanda roja&lt;/strong&gt; ondeando al viento.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T11:16:13.570" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T11:16:13.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-06-28T15:03:28.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensamiento ilusorio.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lleva el significado de que el pensador no diferencia entre lo deseado y lo real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición en Wikipedia viene al caso: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensamiento_ilusorio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensamiento_ilusorio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T21:49:43.250" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T21:49:43.250" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21362" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-28T15:50:08.467" Score="2" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la canción Cordell de The Cranberries se usa mucho esta palabra. En la canción se usa referenciando a Denny Cordell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de conocer esto vi que se usaba también para referirse a personas que son &quot;maravillosas&quot;, esto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Cordell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Cordell&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el significado que le otorgan a esta palabra variaba mucho en ese sitio, cual es la traducción más apropiada de esta palabra?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pd: Esta pregunta fue creada con otra inteción, pero al ser respondida por @Rodrigo, decidí editarla y así conocer el significado de esta palabra fuera de la canción de The Cranberries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T16:26:00.827" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T16:26:00.827" Title="Cuál es el significado de Cordell en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-06-29T09:04:05.873" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21349" CreationDate="2017-06-28T17:34:09.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto debería ser un comentario más que una respuesta, pero por su extensión me veo obligado a usar este formato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy en gran parte de acuerdo con la minuciosa respuesta de Pablo, y es todo un desafío agregar al menos algo a sus completas explicaciones, que a mi modesto entender son casi perfectas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da la sensación de que Aurora siente la obligación de ceñirse a los tipos convencionales de oraciones condicionales y no admite las perfectamente correctas &quot;oraciones condicionales mixtas&quot;. Del mismo modo, como ha observado Pablo, noto a Aurora algo renuente a aceptar ciertas formas y combinaciones de tiempo de uso coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Habrían podido meterme a la cárcel, si me pescaban.&quot;&#xA;Totalmente de acuerdo con Pablo. Respecto de la oración &quot;Si me pescaban me metían a la cárcel&quot;, cabe la posibilidad de que también sea interpretada como algo habitual o sistemático en el pasado (cada vez que me pescaban, me metían (¿a?) en la cárcel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2a) &quot;No tenía novio y me puedo imaginar que si lo tuviese no me lo hubiera dicho.&quot;&#xA;El embrollo que menciona Pablo radica en el conflicto entre &quot;tenía&quot; (que se refiere al pasado) y &quot;tuviese&quot; (que se refiere al presente). Si en lugar de &quot;tenía&quot; tuviéramos &quot;tiene&quot;, la oración sería correcta: &quot;Ella no tiene novio y, si lo tuviese, me lo habría/hubiera dicho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2b) &quot;Si fuera rico, no me hubiera ido a Australia.&quot;&#xA;En este punto disiento con Pablo. Creo que estamos frente a una condicional mixta, donde la condición se refiere al presente (una hipotética situación actual) y el resultado se refiere al pasado (una hipotética situación anterior). La idea es que NO &lt;strong&gt;soy&lt;/strong&gt; rico, pues -- si lo fuera -- no me habría/hubiera ido a Australia (sino a otro destino). Pero la realidad es que me fui a Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &quot;Si fuera mi hija, quizá ya la habría matado.&quot;&#xA;De acuerdo con Pablo, pero reitero lo expresado en (2b).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) &quot;Tuvo suficiente leche para alimentar muchos niños más, si así lo hubiera deseado.&quot;&#xA;Esta oración me suena extraña. Para mí, sonaría mejor con &quot;tenía&quot;: &quot;Tenía suficiente leche para alimentar muchos niños más, (y lo habría hecho) si así lo hubiera deseado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5a) &quot;Iba a saltar, lo hubiera hecho si él no me lo impedía.&quot;&#xA;De acuerdo con Pablo. En el registro coloquial, es una oración correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5b) &quot;El sexo pudo salvarme si ella hubiese contestado: sí.&quot;&#xA;Para mí, esta oración es incorrecta. No encuentro relación con la oración (4), donde el indefinido se refiere a una situación por fuera de la condicional. En este caso, en mi opinión sólo podríamos decir: &quot;El sexo me habría salvado/podría haberme salvado si ella hubiera/se contestado que sí.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) &quot;La verdad es que si hubiera seguido un momento más así me caigo de cabeza en la rayuela.&quot;&#xA;En el registro coloquial, es correcta. &quot;caigo&quot; es para mí un uso del presente histórico, utilizado en lugar del pasado para dar más realismo a la historia o anécdota que se narra: &quot;Si hubiera seguido, me caía de cabeza.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:34:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21343" CreationDate="2017-06-28T17:59:13.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Spanish native speaker I can tell you that we often use the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to mean she is doing so by herself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña &lt;strong&gt;se baja&lt;/strong&gt; del coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17075" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T12:36:09.283" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T12:36:09.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20590" CreationDate="2017-06-28T21:03:51.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, tienes razón respecto a la segunda acepción es la más antigua. Si comprobamos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?primate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de &amp;quot;primate&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; encontramos que la palabra viene&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;del latín &lt;em&gt;primas, primatis&lt;/em&gt; (primero, primordial, principal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa web explican (y &lt;a href=&quot;http://definicion.de/primate/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otras fuentes&lt;/a&gt; lo corroboran) que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en el siglo XIII se utilizaba el mismo para referirse a aquellas figuras que dentro de la jerarquía de la Iglesia contaban con un rango de nivel superior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que se usaba &lt;code&gt;primate&lt;/code&gt; con el significado de &amp;quot;primero, primordial, principal&amp;quot;, que es la segunda acepción del término (Personaje distinguido, prócer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como explica la primera referencia, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el científico, naturalista, botánico y zoólogo sueco Carlos Linneo&lt;/a&gt; (considerado fundador de la moderna taxonomía, y también se le reconoce como uno de los padres de la ecología) usó el término &lt;code&gt;primates&lt;/code&gt; en su ordenación taxonómica porque el término significa, precisamente, &amp;quot;primeros&amp;quot; en latín, queriendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] evidenciar que los monos son los animales más semejantes a los humanos y que, todos juntos son los organismos &amp;quot;primeros&amp;quot; en la escala zoológica o los más completamente desarrollados del reino animal, en una visión fuertemente antropocéntrica, común en su época&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://edukavital.blogspot.com/2013/05/primates.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;edukavital.blogspot.com : ¿Cuál es el Significado de Primates?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linneo no elaboró su &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo#Taxonom.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;taxonomía&lt;/a&gt; hasta 1731, por lo que la primera acepción del diccionario es, como bien indicas, más moderna que la segunda. Aunque también es raro que no entrase hasta 1947 en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el español es una lengua viva, es el uso el que hace evolucionar los términos. La RAE recoge y documenta, peor no siempre podemos explicar cómo un término evoluciona, gana popularidad o cae en desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como conjeturas, puede ser que se usasen más los términos  &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;primordial&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;principal&lt;/em&gt; frente a &amp;quot;primate&amp;quot; por puro capricho de los hablantes, o que para no ser asociado con la acepción zoológica se  favoreciesen otros términos para referirse a los altos cargos eclesiásticos o personas prominentes, lo que terminaría por favorecer el uso de &amp;quot;primate&amp;quot; en su acepción zoológica mucho más que en su significado de &amp;quot;destacado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta web tenemos otros ejemplos de cómo han evolucionado ciertos términos, como por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19127/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué “hortera” es, en Madrid, el apodo del mancebo de ciertas tiendas de mercader?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18659/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué “yegua” y no “caballa”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20190/5481&quot;&gt;¿De dónde viene la exclamación “yupi”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14749/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué las furgonetas de la policía se llaman “lecheras” en España?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que reflejan que &lt;strong&gt;la evolución del lenguaje es a veces lógica y a veces caprichosa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T16:13:59.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21331" CreationDate="2017-06-29T02:00:37.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En línea con mi observación a la respuesta de Diego, encontramos en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;, en su punto 26.5.1. El infinitivo con verbos de percepción y causación, lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han sido muy debatidas en todas las épocas la estructura e interpretación de las construcciones de infinitivo que dependen de verbos de percepción (&lt;em&gt;Vio a Rocio salir de su casa; Se oía a los frailes cantar gregoriano&lt;/em&gt;) o de verbos de causación (&lt;em&gt;Hizo a Sofía leer en voz alta el documento; Déjame decirte una cosa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;26.5.1a&lt;/strong&gt; La primera cuestión problemática es la función sintáctica que corresponde a los segmentos subrayados en el apartado anterior [para suplir el subrayado, los reitero a continuación: &lt;em&gt;salir de su casa, cantar gregoriano, leer en voz alta el documento, decirte una cosa&lt;/em&gt;]. &lt;strong&gt;Parece haber acuerdo actualmente en que se trata de complementos predicativos&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que se ve confirmado por el hecho de que alternan con adjetivos y otras categorías que desempeñan la misma función: &lt;em&gt;La vi sentarse Cf. La vi cansada; Hazlo menguar Cf. Hazlo más pequeño: Déjenlo descansar Cf. Déjenlo en paz.&lt;/em&gt; [Las negritas son mías.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe recordar que en sintaxis llamamos complemento predicativo a aquella palabra o frase que, ubicada en el predicado (de allí el nombre), se refiere al sujeto (complemento predicativo subjetivo) o al objeto (complemento predicativo objetivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, el infinitivo &quot;dormir&quot; en la frase en cuestión puede ser considerado como un complemento predicativo objetivo, obviamente en el contexto de una oración completa, pues se refiere al objeto directo &quot;a un recién nacido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en el punto 26.5.1f, encontramos esta alusión a lo que podríamos llamar una &quot;frase verbal&quot;, denominada por la gramática como &quot;predicado complejo&quot; (a mi entender, por la tendencia a que ambos verbos aparezcan juntos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es característica de los verbos de percepción y de los causativos la tendencia a constitutir un PREDICADO COMPLEJO con el infinitivo: &lt;em&gt;ver pasar, hacer temblar, oír entrar, etc.&lt;/em&gt; Es habitual que el infinitivo aparezca junto al verbo principal, al menos en la lengua oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, concebida como una unidad, &quot;hacer dormir&quot; sería una frase verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T14:43:35.087" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T14:43:35.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20590" CreationDate="2017-06-29T15:41:19.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que debe haber habido alguna autocensura que dificultó decir que alguien era un primate. Imagínate aludir a alguien importante con una palabra que también significaba &amp;quot;simio&amp;quot;, considerando además la complicación moral que implicó ir aceptando la teoría de la evolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una famosa teoría de Geoffrey Leech que distingue siete tipos de significado (en la escuela nos enseñaron dos: el &lt;em&gt;denotativo&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;connotativo&lt;/em&gt;). Entre ellos viene al caso aquí el &lt;strong&gt;significado reflejo&lt;/strong&gt;, que se refiere a &amp;quot;otro&amp;quot; significado que tiene una palabra, que no corresponde al que se está diciendo en la frase, pero que viene a la mente automáticamente y &amp;quot;contamina&amp;quot; la palabra con algún valor indeseado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del país, hay palabras claras y precisas que, por su significado reflejo, confunden y suenan mal (no estoy seguro de que los siguientes ejemplos se entiendad en todas partes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dados los resultados, creo que te conviene &lt;strong&gt;abortar&lt;/strong&gt; y replantear el experimento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuve que &lt;strong&gt;coger&lt;/strong&gt; a mi amiga en brazos para cruzar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi casa hay un &lt;strong&gt;mojón&lt;/strong&gt; que indica dónde está la entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compré una &lt;strong&gt;polla&lt;/strong&gt; muy sana, espero que ponga pronto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agregamos &lt;strong&gt;preservativo&lt;/strong&gt; a la masa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El último ejemplo muestra cómo una palabra decente y funcional tuvo que abandonar su significado original porque empezó a sonar a condones, y fue desplazada por otras que estaban por ahí disponibles (&lt;em&gt;preservantes, conservantes&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que con &lt;em&gt;primate&lt;/em&gt; tuvo que pasar algo similar. La palabra, aunque significara dignamente &amp;quot;principal&amp;quot;, empezó a sonar a &amp;quot;mono&amp;quot; y, como esto debe haber sido bastante inaceptable en esos años, fue desplazada por otras palabras disponibles (&lt;em&gt;procer&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T19:50:09.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21372" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T16:39:37.927" Score="6" ViewCount="7287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de la parte noroeste de México, nacido a principios de los 80', y todo mundo llama abanico a lo que, en otras partes del país, se le dice ventilador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de la gente (de mi entorno y de toda la ciudad) era de clase muy baja y migrantes con no más de 30 años de asentamiento, &lt;strong&gt;mi hipótesis&lt;/strong&gt; es que se le comenzó a llamar abanico a los ventiladores porque &lt;code&gt;fueron los primeros aparatos que sustituyeron al instrumento manual.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me viene el recuerdo que poca gente tenía &lt;em&gt;coolers&lt;/em&gt; y los aparatos de aire acondicionado (llamados mas comúnmente &quot;refrigeración&quot;) eran casi exclusivos a clase media/alta y oficinas. Posiblemente estos aparatos comenzaron a popularizarse hasta los 90, cuando yo era adolescente tan nuevo era el auge, que uno de mis propósitos era ser técnico en refrigeraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastEditorUserId="13779" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T12:21:05.267" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T12:13:04.493" Title="¿Por qué en algunos sitios se le dice «abanico» al «ventilador»?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21372" CreationDate="2017-06-29T19:36:11.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fan&lt;/strong&gt; significa tanto &lt;em&gt;abanico&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;ventilador&lt;/em&gt; en el idioma inglés, teniendo esto en cuenta creo muy posible que cuanto más próximo a un país de habla inglesa nos encontremos, más frecuentemente se utilicen términos incorrectos derivados de la traducción directa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17094" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T19:36:11.813" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T01:14:42.207" Score="11" ViewCount="906" Body="&lt;p&gt;Volviendo hoy del trabajo, oí al pasar algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Me importa un &lt;strong&gt;joraca&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; (Equivalente a &quot;Me importa un carajo&quot;, o sea, &quot;nada&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces advertí que ésa es una de la técnicas que tiene el español rioplatense para suavizar una palabra algo fuerte, como &quot;carajo&quot;: la inversión de las sílabas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro mecanismo muy usual por estos pagos consiste en utilizar una palabra parecida que contiene la palabra que podría considerarse agresiva o mal conceptuada. Así, en vez de decir &quot;duro&quot; a veces decimos &quot;durazno&quot;, o en lugar de &quot;lento&quot;, &quot;lenteja&quot;, o en lugar de decir que algo vino de arriba (de alguna potestad superior, sin ningún esfuerzo propio), decimos que vino &quot;de arribeño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta 1) Creo que ambos mecanismos provienen del lunfardo porteño, cosa que me gustaría confirmar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta 2) También querría preguntar a los participantes de este foro, tan variado en sus nacionalidades, qué eufemismos usan/usáis en sus/vuestras respectivas variedades del español, y si es posible el origen de los mismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-08-28T11:14:59.237" LastActivityDate="2019-08-28T11:14:59.237" Title="Eufemismos en la lengua coloquial" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21377" CreationDate="2017-06-30T02:24:20.993" Score="1" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi habitacíon es rosa. Cuando nos la primera nos mudabamos, mi hermano no quiere la habitacion rosa, asi que &lt;em&gt;tomado/(tomaba)&lt;/em&gt; eso habitacion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My room is pink. When we first moved, my brother did not want the pink room, so I took that room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner, so please forgive the sentences that are most likely riddled with mistakes. I find conjugation difficult since there are many more tenses than in english. If there is a better way to say the sentences above, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:02:59.923" Title="In these sentences, did I use the correct conjugation for, &quot;Moved&quot;? I used &quot;nos mudabamos&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21375" CreationDate="2017-06-30T09:25:50.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leaving all other mistakes aside, let's concentrate on the verb tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, &lt;strong&gt;the perfective aspect indicates completed actions and the imperfective indicates ongoing actions (incomplete or recurring)&lt;/strong&gt;. In this case, you are talking about a completed action: you moved and, as a result of that, you were in a new house, where the rest of the action happened (your brother did not like one of the rooms and so on). So you have to use the perfective aspect: &lt;em&gt;mudamos&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;mudábamos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the other verbs, you have to use the perfective too for the third verb (&lt;em&gt;took&lt;/em&gt;), which is an instantaneous action and, therefore, completed as soon as it is started. But the second verb (&lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt;) is tricky; you can consider that it is also an instantaneous action (there were two rooms, your brother said no to one of them, and then you took it), or an ongoing action (your brother had been complaining about that room for some time and at some point you decided to take it). So you can actually use the perfective or the imperfective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Putting all together, and fixing the translation a bit, you have these two choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es rosa. Cuando nos mudamos, mi hermano no &lt;strong&gt;quiso&lt;/strong&gt; la habitación rosa, así que la tomé yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mi habitación es rosa. Cuando nos mudamos, mi hermano no &lt;strong&gt;quería&lt;/strong&gt; la habitación rosa, así que la tomé yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T12:07:46.237" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:07:46.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21374" CreationDate="2017-06-30T13:07:52.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Lista de eufemismos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Chile&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Miércoles&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDmbWz9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miércale&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, interjecciones que reemplazan a &amp;quot;mierda&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYn3Zit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pucha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, una mezcla de &amp;quot;puta&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;chucha&amp;quot;, se usa para suavizar otras exclamaciones: &lt;em&gt;pucha qué rabia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AepiiCV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contumelia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, reemplaza a &amp;quot;la concha de su madre&amp;quot; cuando se habla de golpes. &lt;em&gt;Me saqué la contumelia patinando&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cocos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;coquimbanos&lt;/em&gt; por &amp;quot;testículos&amp;quot;. (Coquimbo es una ciudad y coquimbano es el gentilicio).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Retamboriao&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;retutatutata&lt;/em&gt;. No sé realmente de donde derivan ni qué reemplazan, pero son insultos suaves más o menos equivalentes a &amp;quot;estúpido&amp;quot;. Si vas a soltar una palabrota horrible, te muerdes la lengua y lo cambias por &amp;quot;mejor cállate retamboriao&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una forma muy grosera de decirle al pene es &amp;quot;pichula&amp;quot;, palabra de origen oscuro, probablemente indígena. Se suaviza con varios eufemismos como &lt;em&gt;pirula, pirulín&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tula&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pechugas&lt;/em&gt; (así, en plural) son cariñosamente las mamas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;España&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gilipichis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gilitonto&lt;/em&gt; y otras variedades de &lt;em&gt;gili-algo&lt;/em&gt;, incluyendo &lt;em&gt;gili&lt;/em&gt; sin más; &lt;em&gt;tontolaba&lt;/em&gt; (con distintas grafías: b, v, etc.); &lt;em&gt;bobochorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Joer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jolín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jolines&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jopé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jopelines&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me la refanfinfla&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de expresiones como &amp;quot;Me la suda&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Me la sopla&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cataplines&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de otras referencias malsonantes hacia los testículos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Donde la espalda cambia de nombre&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de &lt;em&gt;culo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/?val=compa%C3%B1%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Compañon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y su plural, &lt;em&gt;compañones&lt;/em&gt; por testículo(s).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RhpadY5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Panocha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: Órgano sexual tanto del varón como de la mujer (usado más en América lo segundo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Yy91lUI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal por cual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; : hijo de puta (&lt;em&gt;C. Rica y El Salv.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eufemismos usados en el pasado o en la literatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiñones&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de testículos. Por ejemplo:&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para asaltar torreones, cuatro Quiñones son pocos. ¡Hacen falta más Quiñones!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Pedro Muñoz Seca, &lt;em&gt;La venganza de Don Mendo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eufemismo#Ejemplos_comunes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; incluye ejemplos adicionales y una explicación de los diferentes tipos de eufemismos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user22922" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-25T18:29:35.730" CommentCount="10" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-06-30T13:07:52.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21392" CreationDate="2017-06-30T13:57:54.280" Score="5" ViewCount="572" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-el-que-corta-el-bacalao/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De dónde viene la expresión &amp;quot;cortar el &lt;em&gt;bacalao&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión nos ayuda a designar y señalar quién es el que manda o&#xA;toma las decisiones en un lugar determinado  y tiene su origen en los tiempos en el que el bacalao, salado y convenientemente  desecado, era uno de los alimentos más comunes, fáciles de adquirir y, sobre todo, transportar a otras partes del mundo; gracias a los largos periodos que duraba sin echarse a perder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era común enviarlo hacia las colonias españolas repartidas en otros lugares del planeta (algunos países del Caribe y América del Sur, Filipinas y/o África).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que creo que así como está escrita es una expresión de uso en España. Yo creo haber escuchado una expresión parecida en Latinoamérica, pero que no usa la palabra &amp;quot;bacalao&amp;quot;. ¿Existe una versión latinoamericana de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:31:08.217" Title="¿Existe una expresión latinoamericana para &quot;cortar el bacalao&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21382" CreationDate="2017-06-30T15:10:42.740" Score="11" ViewCount="1313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Spanish and I'm trying to learn pronunciation first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listened to a few materials and I'm finding it difficult to distinguish &quot;ñi&quot; and &quot;ni&quot;, &lt;s&gt;for example &quot;niñito&quot;&lt;/s&gt;. And it's even harder to immitate that. So how should I go ahead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found another pair of examples: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;compañía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;compaña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T14:49:22.817" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T14:49:22.817" Title="Pronounce and distinguish &quot;ñi&quot; and &quot;ni&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21381" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:26:37.427" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing would be to note that &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; + vowel and &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; do not sound that different (which is the point of your question, obviously), so in many cases you won't need to imitate it perfectly. That is, &lt;em&gt;nieto&lt;/em&gt; and *&lt;em&gt;ñeto&lt;/em&gt; (the latter word does not exist) would be very difficult to distinguish in practice even for native speakers, unless pronounced slowly. In a word with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; next to &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; such as &lt;em&gt;niñito&lt;/em&gt;, however, the contrast becomes readily apparent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to understand is how &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; are produced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; (IPA: /n/) is &lt;strong&gt;alveolar&lt;/strong&gt; (when followed by a vowel), as in English. The tip of the tongue must be placed flat against the alveoli, which are the spaces just behind the roots of your upper front teeth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; (IPA: /ɲ/) is &lt;strong&gt;palatal&lt;/strong&gt;: the middle of the tongue must be raised and pressed against the hard palate, while the tip will be probably lowered and pressed against the back of your lower teeth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a ton of resources on the web for this, but check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://clas.mq.edu.au/speech/phonetics/phonetics/consonants/nasal_stops.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;, which has drawings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to use &lt;em&gt;niñito&lt;/em&gt; as a test. If you pronounce it OK, you will notice how the tongue shifts in your mouth, the tip first striking your alveoli and then coming down to touch your lower teeth. If instead you're pronouncing *&lt;em&gt;ninito&lt;/em&gt;, your tongue will tap your alveoli twice in succession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDED: This applies also to the difference between &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;li&lt;/em&gt;, but as explained in this answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3/how-to-pronounce-the-consonants-y-and-ll/410#410&quot;&gt;about the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, in most Spanish dialects &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; has merged with &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and the merged phoneme is pronounced generally rather differently and it's not as prone to confusion with &lt;em&gt;li&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T20:49:31.767" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T20:49:31.767" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19378" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:57:14.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems quite intuitive to think that &quot;anteojos&quot; as seeing glasses comes from having a device in front of your eyes. We have some questions already&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; that could highlight that some of these terms can be used refer to a &lt;em&gt;specific&lt;/em&gt; part of the device sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antojo&lt;/code&gt; as a craving is also quite intuitive, as you point out in the questions. In English there's the expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;My eyes are bigger than my stomach&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and in Spanish &quot;&lt;em&gt;Me entra por los ojos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. There are many other expression that could illustrate the close relation between seeing something and have a &lt;em&gt;desire&lt;/em&gt; for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antojo&lt;/code&gt; is indeed Spanish for &quot;birthmak&quot;, along with &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NiA725B%7CNiB6lrY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lunar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;. There was the misconception that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.natalben.com/en-el-embarazo/desmontando-mitos-si-tienes-un-antojo-el-bebe-nacera-con-una-mancha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;birthmarks where actually cravings during pregnancy that were not fulfilled&lt;/a&gt;. The same goes with &quot;lunar&quot; since another misconception explained &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;birthmarks and the influence of the moon&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have a little bit of &quot;egg and chicken&quot; problem here, trying to figure out if these myths/misconceptions gave name to the birthmarks or if it was just that by these words being homonyms of something else triggered such speculations and misconceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;code&gt;anteojo&lt;/code&gt; coming from &quot;antojo, con recomposición etimológica&quot;, I cannot really explain the process itself is or how it happened, but I'm more prone to believe that it implies a more natural and incidental process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such process (&lt;em&gt;recomposición etimológica&lt;/em&gt;), and specifically for this case, has been researched by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/academicos/pedro-alvarez-de-miranda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedro Alvarez de Miranda, from the RAE&lt;/a&gt; in his book &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.es/doblete-antojo-anteojo-recomposici%C3%B3n-etimol%C3%B3gica/dp/B004X0IL4U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El doblete &quot;antojo&quot; / &quot;anteojo&quot;: cronología de una recomposición etimológica...&lt;/a&gt;. This 24-pages book probably explains the effect on great detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doesn't seem likely that &quot;anteojo&quot; would be coined as new word purposely from a word meaning &quot;craving&quot; or &quot;birthmark&quot;. On the other hand, as the etymology o &quot;anteojo&quot; points out, there's more than just &quot;ante + ojo(s)&quot;, which is the research of Alvarez de Miranda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1.Interesting related questions &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10423/5481&quot;&gt;“Gafas” vs “anteojos” vs “lentes” vs “espejuelos” in mexican Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18694/5481&quot;&gt;What is the etymology of 'gafas'?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. A &quot;lunar&quot; is also a circle, like (polka) dots in a dress. The etimology of all these meanings could be related to them &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?lunar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;being circular as the moon.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T17:03:25.853" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T17:03:25.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21385" CreationDate="2017-06-30T20:39:15.323" Score="4" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Saben como expresar en castellano el anglicismo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;feature vector&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero referirme al vector que almacena características (en el contexto de Inteligencia Artificial).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularmente encuentro el problema de que algunos lo llaman &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vector característico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y otros lo llaman &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vector de características&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. ¿Existe una diferencia semántica entre ambas expresiones o podría usarlas indistintamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T18:46:49.147" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T18:46:49.147" Title="¿Cómo traducirían el anglicismo &quot;feature vector&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21384" CreationDate="2017-07-01T00:01:46.517" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy ningún experto en AI, pero tras darle una ojeada al &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_vector&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo correspondiente en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In pattern recognition and machine learning, a feature vector is an n-dimensional vector of numerical features that represent some object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que es un vector de valores numéricos, cada uno de los cuales se identifica con una característica. Por tanto se podría llamar &quot;vector de características&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, todas esas características juntas representan un objeto; por tanto ese vector con esos valores particulares podría llamarse el &quot;vector característico&quot; de ese objeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vector de características&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; parece ligeramente más apta para todos los contextos, pero por lo demás encuentro ambas expresiones intercambiables entre sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T14:21:07.347" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T14:21:07.347" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21380" CreationDate="2017-07-01T00:12:40.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hace mucho, tuvimos &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21057/13628&quot;&gt;una pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que pedía ejemplos de expresiones que usasen la repetición de palabras para cambiar el significado de las mismas. Y como ejemplo ponía la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22mero+mero%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mero mero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que por lo visto quiere decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el que manda de verdad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Es usada en México y El Salvador, seguro; no sé si en otras partes de Centroamérica o Suramérica lo será también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T00:12:40.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21384" CreationDate="2017-07-01T14:44:41.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para complementar la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21385/5481&quot;&gt;excelente respuesta de walen&lt;/a&gt; (y la sugerencia de mdewey) yo añadiría que &lt;a href=&quot;http://fcm.ens.uabc.mx/~matematicas/algebralineal/VI%20Valores%20y%20Vectores%20Propios/01%20propios.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;vector característico&quot;&lt;/a&gt; es un término que ya se usa en el álgebra lineal (como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_propio_y_valor_propio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eigenvector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual la traducción de vuelta al inglés de &quot;vector característico&quot; sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenvalues_and_eigenvectors&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;characteristic vector&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y estaríamos sobrecargando el término en español al usarlo tanto para &lt;code&gt;characteristic vector&lt;/code&gt; como para &lt;code&gt;feature vector&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso creo que la mejor traducción es la de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vector de características&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T14:44:41.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-01T19:11:11.680" Score="6" ViewCount="516" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta tarde empezó el Tour de Francia con una contrarreloj (o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AcWrKFr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;contra reloj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) algo peligrosa por la lluvia. Varios ciclistas cayeron y, entre ellos, Alejandro Valverde, español de Murcia, debió retirarse debido a las heridas de la caída.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al poco de ocurrir su equipo ciclista &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Movistar_Team/status/881187615105527808&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dijo en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;#TDF2017 Lamentablemente, @alejanvalverde no podrá continuar en carrera. &lt;strong&gt;Qué tristeza terminar un Tour el mismo primer día&lt;/strong&gt;. ¡¡#VamosBala!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está claro lo que quieren decir: qué pena terminar la participación en el Tour el mismo día en que empezaba a disputarlo. Sería lo mismo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué tristeza terminar un Tour el primer día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero de alguna forma ese &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; añade un tono de fatalidad y énfasis que interpreto, pero que a la vez me chirría gramaticalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=POzAgFS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. U., por pleonasmo, añadido a los pronombres personales y a algunos adverbios para dar más energía a lo que se dice. &lt;em&gt;Yo mismo lo haré. Ella misma se condena. Hoy mismo lo veré. Aquí mismo te espero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como indica el DLE este añadido se usa en adverbios o pronombres, pero &lt;em&gt;primer día&lt;/em&gt; es adjetivo. ¿Podemos afirmar entonces que la frase está mal gramaticalmente o sí puede &lt;em&gt;salvarse&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:20:50.277" Title="¿Es gramaticalmente correcto decir &quot;Qué tristeza terminar un Tour el 'mismo' primer día&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21388" CreationDate="2017-07-01T20:58:28.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/deportes/ciclismo/video-del-momento-en-el-que-alejandro-valverde-se-cae-en-el-tour-de-francia-104642&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; puede encontrarse el tweet en cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Internet se pueden encontrar varios ejemplos de &quot;el mismo primer día&quot; (también de &quot;el mismísimo primer día&quot;), inclusive (o mismo) en google books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto de este uso que acabo de hacer de &quot;mismo&quot; como adverbio, me llama la atención no encontrar referencia alguna en el DRAE...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En relación con el adjetivo &quot;mismo&quot;, dentro del &lt;em&gt;Capítulo 13. El adjetivo y otras clases de palabras&lt;/em&gt; de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española, encontramos, en el artículo 13.4.3e, lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] En su empleo como marcador ENFÁTICO, admite paráfrasis con expresiones como &lt;em&gt;justamente, precisamente&lt;/em&gt; o el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;propio&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;La misma naturaleza del asunto obliga a ser prudente&lt;/em&gt;, pero también mediante expresiones asociadas con informaciones ESCALARES, como &lt;em&gt;hasta, incluso, en persona, nada menos que&lt;/em&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien la Gramática habla de paráfrasis, el hecho de poder asimilar el &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt; enfático &quot;mismo&quot; a los &lt;strong&gt;adverbios&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;justamente, precisamente, hasta, incluso&quot; parecería contradictorio con el hecho de que &quot;mismo&quot; no está registrado como adverbio. No tengo presente ningún otro caso de un adjetivo que pueda ser reemplazado por un adverbio. Lo cierto es que &quot;mismo&quot; es, por su posición después del artículo, adjetivo, y que ninguna de las palabras mencionadas en la Gramática lo pueden reemplazar en esa posición (ni siquiera el adjetivo &quot;propio&quot;), lo que nos nos permite verificar su corrección. En cuanto a su uso (como adverbio) antes del sintagma nominal, que me suena más familiar, cambiaría el significado pues dejaría de enfatizar &quot;primer&quot; para enfatizar toda la oración, pero sería más fácilmente sustituible por las palabras provistas por la NGLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca tuvo ganas. Mismo (Inclusive) el primer día estaba desganado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi humilde respuesta a la pregunta es que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según la NGLE no se puede verificar su corrección porque, por su posición detrás del artículo, no sería sustituible por ninguna de las palabras provistas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algunos hablantes lo usan para reforzar el adjetivo ordinal. Es más, si bien la oración en cuestión me resultó y me sigue resultando algo extraña, esta otra me suena aceptable, tal vez por la mayor unidad léxica que se produce entre &quot;primer/a&quot; y el sustantivo que sigue:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se terminó casando con la misma primera novia de su juventud.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T21:11:31.490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T21:11:31.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21388" CreationDate="2017-07-01T23:25:36.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se puede usar con sustantivos, sobre todo en modo superlativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El mismísimo Juan Pablo II bendijo esta estola.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«A la inauguración vinieron todos los concejales y hasta el mismo alcalde.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Tu padre mismo está de acuerdo con la decisión.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo que planteas, «mismo» cualifica a «primer día» como grupo, que funciona como sustantivo. Es como si dijeran «la misma víspera» para referirse al día anterior, solo que no hay una palabra similar para «día primero».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: no veo un uso erróneo, si interpretas que cualifica a «día» o a «primer día», no a «primer» solamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T16:51:03.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21380" CreationDate="2017-07-02T15:44:34.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile decimos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/cortar_el_queque?locale=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cortar el queque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Según la referencia que puse, también lo usarían los panameños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;queque&lt;/em&gt; es cualquier tipo de bizcocho o masa dulce (deriva del inglés  &lt;em&gt;cake&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T15:44:34.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21380" CreationDate="2017-07-02T16:33:21.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las siguientes son las expresiones utilizadas en hispanoamérica para designar a la persona &quot;que toma las decisiones o que manda&quot; equivalente a la expresión &quot;el que corta el bacalao&quot; usada en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Argentina: El que corta el bacalao, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21380/existe-una-expresi%C3%B3n-latinoamericana-para-cortar-el-bacalao/21392?noredirect=1#comment33431_21392&quot;&gt;El que corta el estofado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Colombia: El duro, El mandamás, La flecha&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chile: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21391/11102&quot;&gt;El que corta el &lt;em&gt;queque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuba: El que corta el bacalao, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21380/existe-una-expresi%C3%B3n-latinoamericana-para-cortar-el-bacalao/21391#comment33403_21380&quot;&gt;El que lleva las riendas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;México: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21386/11102&quot;&gt;El mero mero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Salvador: El mero mero&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T12:54:50.157" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T12:54:50.157" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-02T16:33:21.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-02T17:43:07.870" Score="6" ViewCount="4598" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MxUqyYz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Laso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;lassus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Flojo y macilento.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N1ka6I5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;laxo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;laxus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Flojo, que no tiene la tensión que naturalmente debe tener.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son dos palabras muy parecidas, tanto en la forma como en el significado. ¿Qué matiz diferencia una de la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17119" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T22:00:20.380" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T07:15:43.503" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;laso&quot; y &quot;laxo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21393" CreationDate="2017-07-02T23:33:29.053" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Laxo&quot; suele aplicarse, al menos aquí en España, a directrices, políticas, reglas, personajes de autoridad, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La ley prohíbe la descarga ilegal de música, pero es muy &lt;strong&gt;laxa&lt;/strong&gt; en su aplicación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir que la ley dice que la descarga ilegal está prohibida pero que la ley no se aplica de forma rígida, queriendo decir que no se castiga o persigue dicho crimen. En ese caso, la ley se está aplicando de forma &quot;floja&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El hotel dice que solo sirve desayuno hasta las 10, pero es muy &lt;strong&gt;laxo&lt;/strong&gt; para eso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso, el hotel tiene una norma pero no la cumple de forma estricta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Laso imagino que se aplica más a personas, animales y/o estructuras, pero nunca había visto esa palabra ni la he oído con ese significado, así que al menos en España no es común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16601" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T02:22:59.073" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T02:22:59.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T03:03:04.137" Score="4" ViewCount="2576" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué cuando alguien va borracho decimos que &quot;lleva una &quot;buena&quot; tajada encima&quot; o que &quot;va tajado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yxb5clh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tajada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, según el DRAE tiene (entre otros) el significado de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Embriaguez, borrachera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?tajada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (y la propia RAE) &lt;em&gt;tajada&lt;/em&gt; no es más que el participio del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YxogHjF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tajar&lt;/a&gt;, que significa &quot;cortar&quot;, que viene además del latín &lt;em&gt;taleare&lt;/em&gt; (talar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha llegado el verbo entonce a asociarse con el estado de embriaguez?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy consciente que &lt;em&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/em&gt; propone&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; que es porque alguien &quot;lleva ya encima su porción o ración de bebida alcohólica&quot;. La expresión &quot;ir cargado&quot; a veces se usa con el mismo sentido (ir borracho/intoxicado) y entiendo que puede ser por lo mismo: &quot;ir cargado de alcohol&quot;. Sin embargo, &quot;ir tajado&quot; es literalmente, ir cortado o &quot;talado&quot; con lo cual deja de tener tanto sentido esa asociación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa interesante es que la expresión suele usarse como que alguien &quot;lleva una &lt;strong&gt;buena&lt;/strong&gt; tajada&quot;. Si se dijese solo &quot;lleva una tajada&quot; la frase parece que pierde un poco de su expresividad en la referencia alcohólica, y cabría preguntarse &quot;¿una tajada de qué?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otras referencias o fuentes que puedan explicar por qué &quot;ir tajado&quot; o &quot;llevar una buena tajada&quot; significa &quot;ir borracho&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: Aunque ellos mismos admiten que no están completamente seguros de que ese sea el origen y que lo que proponen es una &lt;em&gt;suposición&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T06:34:57.677" LastActivityDate="2020-05-19T20:03:56.940" Title="¿Por qué &quot;ir tajado&quot; o &quot;llevar una buena tajada&quot; es &quot;ir borracho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21393" CreationDate="2017-07-03T07:15:43.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el matiz lo dan las propias definiciones que has puesto: mientras que &quot;laxo&quot; es flojo sin más, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;laso&quot; tiene la connotacion adicional de &quot;macilento&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=macilento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;macilento, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;macilentus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Flaco y descolorido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si consultamos el CORDE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=4&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030717%5C008%5CC000O03072017085722207.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20laso%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1800-2017%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usos de la palabra en los últimos dos siglos&lt;/a&gt;, una vez descartados los usos no relacionados con la primera acepción (que son casi todos, la verdad; no es muy usada la acepción que planteas), podemos ver que se utiliza sobre todo en contextos algo negativos, como de enfermedad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;error porfiado, corrupto y laso&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «&lt;em&gt;Desamayado á un rincón, marchito y laso&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «&lt;em&gt;Ya se me pone el sol, caduco, laso&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «&lt;em&gt;Á cuya baja puerta enfermo y laso&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T07:15:43.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-07-03T09:23:14.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;wishful thinking&quot; depending to whom is directed will have these translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;General public:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es andar/vivir/ soñar en las nubes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es ser (mucho lo | muy) iluso/ciego | inocente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es vanidad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es tener las cosas al frente y no querer verlas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jugar con fuego y esperar el no quemarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Formally: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es algo ilusorio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una utopía&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un sueño efímero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser Ícaro en vuelo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T11:22:52.250" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T11:22:52.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12052" CreationDate="2017-07-03T09:52:51.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well. If we take from the old context that before there was not any common fish and now there is a bunch, saying: &quot;pez&quot;, it would had been correct for a fish which had not before been reeled into the boat. Nowadays, if the fish is in captivity, it is already a &quot;pescado&quot; (since it was born in that manner). Therefore, only the fish at the sea or the river are wild a.k.a. &quot;pez&quot; and enclosed/caught &quot;pescado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T09:52:51.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13368" CreationDate="2017-07-03T10:43:08.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There was a punctuation error. Which it is crucial for understanding the semantics in the context that wants to be expressed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One subject does not want to talk. The other answering subject (whether old or young) seems all right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo. Un poco cansado. ¿Y usted?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo. Muy bien. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One subject is distracted and does not want to talk.  The other answering subject (whether old or young) seems all right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo... Un poco cansado. ¿Y usted?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo. Muy bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One subject is surprised that the other person is asking but does not want to talk.  The other answering subject (whether old or young) seems all right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Yo! Un poco cansado. ¿Y usted? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo. Muy bien. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First subject is distracted and surprised of the second subject's question but does not want to talk. The second subject answers with a surprise too and depending of the expressions/ relations it may be inferred a sarcasm of the second subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Yo...! Un poco cansado. ¿Y usted?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo... Muy... bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, you may write with or without 'yo' and replace it for 'estoy'. However, punctuation is a key factor to express even the mood of a subject. There are many other punctuation ways that I did not mention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: You made a mistake with the sentence structure and I quote: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo un poco cansado. ¿Y ustedes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo muy bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;INSTEAD,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo un poco cansado. ¿Y USTEDES?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NOSOTROS muy bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo un poco cansado. ¿Y USTED?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;YO muy bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo un poco cansado. ¿Y USTEDES? [1ST SUBJECT]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;YO muy bien [2ND SUBJECT]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;YO muy bien [3RD SUBJECT]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastEditorUserId="17121" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T12:04:16.163" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T12:04:16.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21395" CreationDate="2017-07-03T10:59:40.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tajada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de &quot;borrachera&quot; es relativamente reciente: de &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=4&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030717%5C011%5CC003O03072017114101777.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20tajada%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todos los usos que aparecen en el CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, el más antiguo que he visto claramente con ese significado data &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=644&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030717%5C011%5CC003O03072017114101777.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20tajada%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto644&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de 1954&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- Pero ¿todavía queréis otra? Anda ya, muchachos, que os vais a poner nuevos. Esta tarde os la vais a tener que pasar durmiendo la &lt;strong&gt;tajada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No aparece dicha acepción en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=orcGAAAAQAAJ&amp;amp;dq=diccionario%20lengua%20castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA658#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de 1854&lt;/a&gt; tampoco (el último que puedo consultar via Google Books), lo cual vendría a confirmar que su incorporación se produjo en los últimos 100 años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;EDIT: confirmado, tras consultar el NTTLE (gracias &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/17125/gonzakas&quot;&gt;Gonzakas&lt;/a&gt;), que la primera aparición de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tajada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de &quot;borrachera&quot; aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=5&amp;amp;diccionario=75&amp;amp;hoja=775&amp;amp;columna=1&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en 1901 en el diccionario de Toro y Gómez&lt;/a&gt;. Al final incluyo unas notas sobre esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así las cosas, resulta complicado establecer un origen. Desde luego, no es por razones de etimología. ¿Podría ser por el significado literal de &quot;porción&quot;, como propone Etimologías de Chile? Podría, pero me sorprendería un poco que así fuera; pues siendo &quot;porción&quot; el significado que ha tenido la palabra durante al menos los últimos cuatrocientos años, choca que nadie la haya usado antes para referirse a &quot;porción de bebida&quot; al hablar de una borrachera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;DISCLAIMER&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Lo siguiente es pura conjetura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi sensación, tras leer los usos del CORDE, es que &lt;strong&gt;en algún momento empezó a usarse popularmente en su acepción de &quot;ronquera ocasionada por un resfriado&quot;, a modo de retranca, para referirse a la típica voz gangosa y dificultad en el habla que muestran las personas cuando van borrachas&lt;/strong&gt;. La típica gracia que se nos ocurre a los españoles. De hecho, aún hoy en día se oye a veces usar la excusa de un resfriado para justificar una melopea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Dicha expresión se iría popularizando, hasta el punto de usarse como sinónimo y ser recogida por el DLE como cuarta acepción de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es mi teoría, al menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe un uso en el CORDE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=605&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030717%5C011%5CC003O03072017114101777.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20tajada%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto605&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de 1920&lt;/a&gt;, que sí podría confirmar la interpretación de EdC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pul.- ¿Marcharte? ¿Marcharte cuando te esperamos como la joven esposa espera el fruto que lleva en sus entrañas; como el caravanero el oasis; como el pescador la ballena?...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Clau.- Sí, sí, comprendido; como el beodo la &lt;strong&gt;tajada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí yo entiendo que el beodo desea su porción, como el pescador desea la ballena, por ejemplo. No tendría mucho sentido que el beodo espere su borrachera: ¡ya está borracho! Pero entonces ¿su porción de qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo normal sería pensar que de bebida; este uso sería una excepción, pues, en todos los usos anteriores y posteriores (hasta el referido de 1954), &quot;tajada&quot; como porción se usa siempre refiriéndose a comida, no a bebida.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Podría ser su porción de comida, por querer acompañar la bebida con algo, pero perdería fuerza entonces el símil.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, aquí su uso es todavía el literal de &quot;porción&quot;. Si este uso es el que dio lugar posteriormente a la expresión &quot;llevar una buena tajada&quot; o no, sigue estando de momento en el terreno de las hipótesis sin confirmar (igual que la mía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adenda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando el NTTLE me encuentro con que la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=4&amp;amp;diccionario=70&amp;amp;hoja=2003&amp;amp;columna=3&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener una buena tajada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;» aparece tal cual en el diccionario Zerolo de 1985&lt;/a&gt;, pero &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; con el significado de &quot;borrachera&quot; sino con el de «&lt;em&gt;tener un empleo lucrativo&lt;/em&gt;». ¿Quizá el origen de la expresión sea en referencia a los efectos de la, ejem, &quot;celebración&quot; que la gente hacía al conseguir un buen empleo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, aunque el significado de &quot;borrachera&quot; ya aparece en 1901, da la sensación de que no estaba muy extendido su uso: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=6&amp;amp;diccionario=86&amp;amp;hoja=1553&amp;amp;columna=1&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el diccionario Alemany y Bolufer de 1917 no recoge la acepción&lt;/a&gt; a pesar de ser posterior, mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=7&amp;amp;diccionario=88&amp;amp;hoja=1697&amp;amp;columna=1&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Rodríguez Navas de 1918 sí la incluye&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada de esto ayuda a aclarar el origen de la expresión, pero es interesante igualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T06:36:50.537" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T06:36:50.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10053" CreationDate="2017-07-03T11:21:55.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What he has on his arm is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nacer en El Perdriel fue y será lo mejor que me pasó en la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transliteration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Being born in/from Perdriel was and will be the best that happened in life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The best that happened in my life was and will be being born in Stone Creek.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What should have been written&lt;/strong&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nacer en El Pedriel siempre será lo mejor que me ha pasado en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transliteration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Being born at/from Pedriel will always be the best that have happened in my life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The best thing that have happened in my life has been born at Stone Creek.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it should have replaced the other subject: 'Omega Hanggara' instead of 'Pedriel' It is not Perdriel. The tattoo artist made a huge misspell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T12:03:09.113" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T12:03:09.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21375" CreationDate="2017-07-03T12:41:55.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You wrote: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;em&gt;ENGLISH&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;My &lt;em&gt;room&lt;/em&gt; is pink. When we first moved my brother didn't want the pink room. So, I &lt;em&gt;took&lt;/em&gt; that room.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) SPANISH (TRANSLITERATION FROM ENGLISH POINT 1):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mi cuarto/&lt;em&gt;alcoba&lt;/em&gt; es rosada. Cuando nosotros primero nos mudamos mi hermano no quería el cuarto/&lt;em&gt;la alcoba&lt;/em&gt; rosada. Entonces, yo &lt;em&gt;tomé&lt;/em&gt; ese cuarto/&lt;em&gt;esa alcoba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) SPANISH (TRANSLATION FROM POINT 1):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Como cuando nos mudamos mi hermano vió que las paredes de uno de los cuartos/ &lt;em&gt;las alcobas&lt;/em&gt; eran rosadas, a él no le gusto. Y ahora... ese &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; mi cuarto&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) ENGLISH (TRANSLITERATED FROM SPANISH POINT 3):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Because when we moved my brother saw that one of &lt;em&gt;the rooms&lt;/em&gt; had pink walls, he didn't &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt; it. Now... that &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; my room.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason that I did not translate the verbal conjugation of &lt;em&gt;take&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;took&lt;/em&gt; in POINT 1) which means &lt;em&gt;coger/tomar/agarrar&lt;/em&gt; and I used the verbal conjugation of &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ser/estar&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; [see POINT 3)] which in Spanish means &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; [see POINT 4)].  It is because, in some countries, those verbs mean having sex. So...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Quiso&lt;/em&gt; is the past tense verbal conjugation to the verb &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; and is used in sentences In Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;Quería&lt;/em&gt; is the past tense verbal conjugation to the verb &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; and is used in clauses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—The verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; which means &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt; in English. It is more common as opposed to &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*[&lt;em&gt;Post Script&lt;/em&gt; thats in English equivalent to P.D which is Post Data in Spanish. It is another way of saying &lt;em&gt;btw&lt;/em&gt; in English phone texting which means &lt;em&gt;by the way&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;a propós&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastEditorUserId="17121" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T14:02:59.923" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:02:59.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21343" CreationDate="2017-07-03T13:05:04.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's because &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; in this case indicates the reflexive nature of the verb &lt;strong&gt;bajar&lt;/strong&gt;. It will be easier to understand it changing the phrase this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The girl&lt;/strong&gt; lowers &lt;strong&gt;herself&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the agent (&lt;em&gt;girl&lt;/em&gt;) of the verb &lt;strong&gt;to lower&lt;/strong&gt; is the same as the patient (&lt;em&gt;herself&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;herself&lt;/strong&gt; in this case acts as &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; in the spanish sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it's worth mentioning that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La niña baja del coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is correct too&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14495" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T13:05:04.120" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21388" CreationDate="2017-07-03T13:45:14.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ESCRIBISTE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Que tristeza terminar un &lt;em&gt;Tour&lt;/em&gt; el &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt; primer día&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mismo/misma&lt;/em&gt; pueden reemplazarse por: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;justo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tan sólo siendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;apenas siendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;con tan sólo su&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;y apenas empezando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;y eso que apenas empezaba/comenzaba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tour d' France&lt;/em&gt; es un anglicismo/americanismo que viene de un francofonismo se usa &lt;em&gt;Carrera a Francia&lt;/em&gt;. La razón por la que no se dice &lt;em&gt;vuelta&lt;/em&gt; es porque sería una transliteración del francés y no una traducción. Lo mismo se da con &lt;em&gt;giro&lt;/em&gt; es palabra italiana en la traducción del título. En ambos casos se dice &lt;em&gt;carrera&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17121" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T14:20:50.277" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:20:50.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13380" CreationDate="2017-07-03T20:55:44.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb forms in the sign reflect the actual pronunciation of verbs using the &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; forms, as found most characteristically in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, but also in many other places in Latin America. In some regions &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; is considered too informal, but it's the standard in Argentina in most kinds of communication, except the most formal ones. Check out, for example, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.argentina.gob.ar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;homepage of the Argentine national government&lt;/a&gt; (or &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20170702011215/https://www.argentina.gob.ar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;archived&lt;/a&gt; in case the link goes dead). For really formal second-person interactions, government and private companies will generally use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T20:55:44.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21411" CreationDate="2017-07-04T01:39:53.030" Score="3" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;H.P. Lovecraft&lt;/a&gt; es un autor estadounidense de novelas fantásticas y relatos de terror, entre los que destacan sus &lt;em&gt;Mitos de Cthulu&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el &lt;em&gt;translation golf&lt;/em&gt; de esta semana he elegido un texto descriptivo de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Doom_that_Came_to_Sarnath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Doom that Came to Sarnath&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, una obra a caballo entre su &quot;ciclo del Sueño&quot; y &quot;Los Mitos de Cthulu&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is written on the brick cylinders of Kadatheron that the beings of Ib were in hue as green as the lake and the mists that rise above it; that they had bulging eyes, pouting, flabby lips, and curious ears, and were without voice. However this may be, it is certain that they worshipped a sea-green stone idol chiselled in the likeness of Bokrug, the great water-lizard; before which they danced horribly when the moon was gibbous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posible (&lt;strong&gt;377 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;) traducción sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; En los cilindros de arcilla de Kadatheron está escrito que los habitantes de Ib eran, por su color, tan verdes como el lago y las nieblas que de él se elevan; que poseían abultados ojos y labios gruesos y blandos y extrañas orejas y que carecían de voz. Cierto es, en todo caso, que adoraban un ídolo, tallado en piedra verdemar, que representaba a Bokrug, el gran saurio acuático, ante el cual celebraban danzas horribles cuando la luna gibosa mostraba su doble cuerno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:12:09.260" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:12:09.260" Title="Translation Golf XI - The Doom that Came to Sarnath" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-04T08:37:16.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21409" CreationDate="2017-07-04T02:50:35.647" Score="3" ViewCount="523" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas, ¿conocen alguna traducción para &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-hot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;one-hot encoding&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el contexto de aprendizaje automatizado o codificación en general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahora prefiero quedarme con el anglicismo pues no encontré una traducción y no me quiero arriesgar a introducir algo inapropiado yo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si alguno de ustedes ya conoce una expresión en castellano para la técnica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T03:06:40.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T03:06:40.087" Title="¿Conocen alguna traducción para one-hot encoding?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21408" CreationDate="2017-07-04T06:53:47.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;prefiero quedarme con el anglicismo pues no encontré una traducción y no me quiero arriesgar a introducir algo inapropiado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un criterio que comparto. Puedes entonces dejarlo como «&lt;strong&gt;codificación &lt;em&gt;one-hot&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;» sin temor de llevar a confusión (como hacen por ejemplo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encodage_one-hot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia francesa&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y explicando en un aparte a qué te refieres, claro (código en el que cada palabra solo puede tener 1 bit activo cada vez, similar al código unario, ideal para identificar estados mediante máscaras, distancia de Hamming de 2... lo que veas adecuado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T06:53:47.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21407" CreationDate="2017-07-04T06:59:18.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;295&lt;/strike&gt; 254 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se talló en los rulos de argila de Kadatheron que los seres de Ib eran verdes como el lago y su bruma; de ojos saltones, labios cansados y flojos, oídos atentos y sin voz. Como fuere, se sabe que oraban a un ídolo de piedra verdemar con forma de Bokrug, el gran reptil de agua: danzábanle macabros llegando el plenilunio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3XKq7o2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argila&lt;/a&gt; (forma en desuso de &quot;arcilla&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &quot;el lago y sus nieblas&quot; para denotar &quot;las nieblas sobre el lago&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R8h4PV7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orar&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;dirigirse mentalmente o de palabra a una divinidad o a una persona sagrada, frecuentemente para hacerles una súplica&quot;, por idolatrar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bcAVplw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Verdemar&lt;/a&gt; (de un color verde similar al del mar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XVswnf1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Semeja&lt;/a&gt; (en desuso: &quot;semejanza&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre lo de que la luna estaba &quot;gibbous&quot;, según el Merriam-Webster &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gibbous&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt; &quot;que se ve más de la mitad de su disco aparente, pero no todo&quot;. De ahí traducirlo como &quot;cuando se acercaba la luna llena&quot; y no como propone Diego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;rodillos&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WpBiYpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rulos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (rodillo para allanar el suelo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z0NDGtY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tallar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (elaborar muy cuidadosamente una obra).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;niebla&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6BB5hPp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bruma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;orejas&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;oídos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;tallado a semeja de&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;con forma de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reescrita la última frase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T07:59:49.873" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T07:59:49.873" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-04T08:37:16.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21407" CreationDate="2017-07-04T07:14:05.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;281&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;271&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;257&lt;/strike&gt; 240 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según los rollos de arcilla de Kadatheron, los seres de Ib eran verdosos como el lago y la bruma dél; ojos saltones, labios tristes y flojos, orejas atentas, mudos. Como sea, de seguro adoraban una imagen de piedra verdemar de Bokrug, el gran reptil marino; ante él danzaban feamente so la luna gibosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versión 0:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Había puesto &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;laguarto&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; como palabro para &amp;quot;lagarto de agua&amp;quot; la primera vez que le di a enviar, pero acabo de ver que no se registró. Se ve que las ediciones en el primer minuto no se guardan :( Una pena, porque la palabra me parecía graciosa...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versión 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=WdApXKx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rollo&lt;/a&gt;: Cilindro de madera, metal u otra materia, generalmente dura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Triste&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;pouting&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &amp;quot;haciendo pucheros&amp;quot;. Lo mejor que se me ha ocurrido para expresar esto es que los labios parecían tristes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=seguro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De seguro&lt;/a&gt;: ciertamente, en verdad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Omisión de &amp;quot;esculpido&amp;quot;: creo que diciendo &amp;quot;ídolo de piedra a imagen de&amp;quot; se sobreentiende el &amp;quot;esculpido&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=verdemar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Verdemar&lt;/a&gt;: el color verde del mar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=feamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Feamente&lt;/a&gt;: por horriblemente, siendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=horrible&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;horrible&lt;/a&gt; sinónimo de (muy) feo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fase_lunar#Descripci.C3.B3n_de_las_fases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gibosa&lt;/a&gt;: no es solo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=gibosa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un adjetivo&lt;/a&gt;, es que es el nombre de esa fase de la luna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versión 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dicen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;» en vez de «&lt;em&gt;Está escrito en&lt;/em&gt;». Igual que en «El libro dice que...».&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sobre este&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;» en vez de «&lt;em&gt;que sobre él flota&lt;/em&gt;». Se entiende que la bruma, si está sobre algo, es flotando, no sentada :P&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versión 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;la bruma sobre este&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la bruma &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=d%C3%A9l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dél&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Dicen los rollos que (...)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según los rollos,&lt;/strong&gt; (...)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;un ídolo a imagen de&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; por, directamente, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=imagen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imagen&lt;/a&gt; de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (segunda acepción);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Y3Da92X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;so&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T12:22:38.007" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-04T08:37:16.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21407" CreationDate="2017-07-04T08:23:18.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;H2&gt;277 caracteres&lt;/H2&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pone en los cilindros de ladrillo de Kadatheron que los seres de Ib eran verdes como el lago y la niebla sobre él, de ojos saltones, labios flácidos y salientes, oído atento, y mudos; como fuere, vero es que adoraban un pétreo ídolo verdemar tallado a imagen de Bokrug, el gran reptil acuático, y ante él danzaban fieramente con la luna casi llena.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PAG6Ifx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Miasma&lt;/a&gt;: Efluvio maligno que, según se creía, desprendían cuerpos enfermos, materias corruptas o aguas estancadas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HsDQ07D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiero&lt;/a&gt;: 6. adj. Horroroso, terrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Editado porque olvidé la parte de las orejas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambio &quot;verde agua&quot; por &quot;verdemar&quot;, y pongo &quot;pétreo&quot; por delante, que suena mejor pero no modifica la cuenta de caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambio &quot;miasma&quot; por &quot;niebla&quot;; en efecto, si bien sería muy propio de Lovecraft que esa niebla fuese maligna, no lo ha indicado explícitamente.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambio &quot;orejas curiosas&quot; por &quot;oído atento&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T18:35:00.630" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T18:35:00.630" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-04T08:37:16.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21414" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:58:34.513" Score="9" ViewCount="16211" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/13383/11102&quot;&gt;esta respuesta de 2015&lt;/a&gt; hay un intercambio de comentarios entre Guifa y dokeryZ sobre las palabras en inglés &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tittle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tittle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; en inglés es solo para la marca ( ~ ) que va en español sobre la &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; o en portugués como en &lt;em&gt;São Paulo&lt;/em&gt;, pero en español tilde es el símbolo &#xA;( ´ ) que se usa para representar el &lt;em&gt;acento gráfico u ortográfico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guifa nos ilustra en su respuesta con el dato de que en inglés el punto sobre la i tiene por nombre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tittle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tittle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; por lo que me pregunto ¿tiene nombre el punto sobre la i en español?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-08-14T21:08:38.707" LastActivityDate="2019-08-14T21:08:38.707" Title="¿Tiene nombre el punto sobre la letra i?" Tags="&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21413" CreationDate="2017-07-04T14:17:19.247" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues aunque parezca mentira, se llama...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UgMIq14&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;punto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. m. Rasgo gráfico sobrescrito en la i y la j minúsculas, y que forma parte de estas letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco yo lo sabía y me encontré la clave en una &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/el-punto-de-la-i.122499/#post-796402&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;discusión de WordReference&lt;/a&gt; en que mencionaban la entrada &lt;em&gt;39. m. Ortogr. Nota ortográfica que se pone sobre la i y la j&lt;/em&gt;. Y de hecho el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; muestra que estaba efectivamente en esa 39.ª posición en la edición de 2001. Ignoro el motivo para tal reordenación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T14:17:19.247" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21416" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21417" CreationDate="2017-07-05T01:35:13.743" Score="1" ViewCount="1778" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según entiendo, el verbo &quot;comer&quot; tiene modo imperativo sólo para los pronombres nosotros, tú/usted y vosotros/ustedes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, en qué tiempo verbal está el verbo comer en la frase &quot;que él coma&quot;? Porque parece una orden (imperativo) pero está en uso el tercer pronombre (que supuestamente no tiene conjugación para el modo imperativo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T02:37:44.263" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T13:43:38.790" Title="En qué modo verbal está el verbo &quot;comer&quot; en la frase &quot;que él coma&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21416" CreationDate="2017-07-05T02:36:26.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podemos seguir un proceso de &amp;quot;ingeniería inversa&amp;quot; yendo a la entrada de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vPNMxG%7C9vRLW2D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comer&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la entrada del DRAE es un verbo, aparece ese botón azul que dice &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Conjugar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/maRvDm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/maRvDm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si lo pulsamos vemos las conjugaciones verbales para el verbo &amp;quot;comer&amp;quot;. Ahora, si buscamos &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; vemos que es la &lt;strong&gt;conjugación para primera y tercera persona singular de presente de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi madre me ha preparado un bocadillo de tortilla para que yo &lt;strong&gt;coma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su madre le ha preparado un bocadillo de tortilla para que él (o usted) &lt;strong&gt;coma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esas frases en subjuntivo no expresan una orden, si no más bien una sugerencia, petición, deseo o incluso una decisión que depende de alguien a quien se ha dado una orden, que son algunos de los múltiples usos del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coma&lt;/strong&gt; usted ese bocadillo, que le va a sentar muy bien &lt;sub&gt;(Esta es una decisión depende de la persona a quien se dirige un imperativo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, como bien dices en la pregunta, &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; también es la conjugación de &lt;strong&gt;tercera persona singular de imperativo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;coma&lt;/strong&gt; usted tan deprisa, que le va a sentar mal! &lt;strong&gt;Coma&lt;/strong&gt; más despacio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nótese que, aunque indistinguibles, el primer &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt; es subjuntivo y el segundo es imperativo. Las órdenes van en imperativo cuando la oración es afirmativa y en subjuntivo cuando la oración es negativa.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sabes el &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bBiVmX2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ustedeo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; se usa para refierse a una segunda persona (en plural o singular) pero usa la conjugación de tercera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el modo imperativo no tiene conjugación de tercera persona (salvo porque es necesaria para la forma &amp;quot;usted&amp;quot;) porque no puedes darle una orden a alguien sin hablarle directamente (con lo que usarías una conjugación de segunda persona, y no de tercera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tenemos &amp;quot;que &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; coma&amp;quot; entonces estamos seguro frente a la forma de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T13:43:38.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-05T03:05:45.377" Score="12" ViewCount="1021" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bazillion&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bazillion&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión idiomática que, como indica el diccionario Merriam-Webster, significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a huge, unspecified number&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;… it sold about a &lt;strong&gt;bazillion&lt;/strong&gt; records in its first week. — Jancee Dunn and Chris Mundy, Rolling Stone, 23 Dec. 1993&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here is a chart of six garden stalwarts out of the &lt;strong&gt;bazillions&lt;/strong&gt; of possibilities out there in the ornamental horticulture world. — Glenn Morris, Farmer's Almanac, 2010&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de ser un numero grande no es &lt;em&gt;infinito&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco es &lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt; pues este adjetivo no recoge la vastedad del número.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún término (o modismo) en español que exprese &amp;quot;un número &lt;strong&gt;MUY&lt;/strong&gt; grande (pero finito) de algo&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-06T13:16:51.780" Title="¿Hay un equivalente en español para &quot;Bazillion&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21418" CreationDate="2017-07-05T05:24:41.037" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí: &lt;strong&gt;tropecientos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=tropecientos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tropecientos, tas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;tropel&lt;/em&gt;, con la t. de &lt;em&gt;doscientos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trescientos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Esp. Designa un número muy elevado de personas o cosas. &lt;em&gt;He visto esa película tropecientas veces. Presentaron tropecientas firmas.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. pron. &lt;em&gt;Éramos tropecientos para el puesto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Esp. Antepuesto a un sustantivo, indica que lo designado por el nombre ocupa una posición indeterminada y muy elevada en una serie. &lt;em&gt;La tropecientas edición del festival.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puedes usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=chorrocientos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chorrocientos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o, simplemente, &lt;strong&gt;muchísimos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-06T13:16:51.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21422" CreationDate="2017-07-05T06:45:07.947" Score="7" ViewCount="2678" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesaría saber el nombre de la prenda de una pieza que suelen llevar las abuelas. Algo como esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LAPie.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LAPiem.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo llamaría &quot;bata&quot;, y puede que sea correcto pues uno de los significados de &quot;bata&quot; según el Diccionario de la lengua española es el siguiente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LAPie.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Prenda holgada y cómoda que se usa para las tareas caseras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas al pensar en una bata yo me imagino más bien algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0MXv1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0MXv1m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir una prenda de vestir holgada, con mangas y abierta por delante, que se usa al levantarse y para estar por casa (significado también de la palabra según el DLE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello me preguntaba si &quot;bata&quot; es la palabra adecuada para referirse a esta prenda y si, independientemente de que lo sea, existen otras, y en particular alguna que no sea ambigua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14592" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T10:21:40.510" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T01:41:16.503" Title="Nombre de la prenda (bata) que llevan las abuelas" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21420" CreationDate="2017-07-05T10:17:23.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo llamaría simplemente &lt;em&gt;vestido&lt;/em&gt;. Sin más calificativos la palabra remite a esta clase de ropa (es decir, con las siguientes características: es de mujer, es de tela más o menos liviana, es de una sola pieza y más o más homogéneo en cuanto a pliegues y dobleces, es a veces estampado, habitualmente tiene mangas, cubre la espalda, tiene un escote no excesivamente pronunciado, llega hasta debajo de las rodillas). Hay otras palabras para designar vestidos pero tienen otras connotaciones o especificidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la región rioplatense se le dice &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YHICGnN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;solera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; a un vestido sin mangas, a veces con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=65Jr9Dc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;breteles&lt;/a&gt;. Aunque el DRAE dice que las soleras son escotadas, no siempre es así, y también hay abuelas que las usan (cuando hace calor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No llamaría nunca a esa clase de vestido &lt;em&gt;bata&lt;/em&gt; por las razones que mencionas. En particular el significado de &lt;em&gt;bata&lt;/em&gt; puede variar según el uso de cada región. En Argentina se usan &lt;em&gt;bata&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;batón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;deshabillé&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;salida de cama&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;salida de baño&lt;/em&gt; y alguna otra más para diferentes variedades de bata, todas las cuales tienen en común que uno no sale habitualmente a la calle vestido con ellas... (y el vestido de papel desechable que le hacen poner a uno en el consultorio médico también es &lt;em&gt;bata&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T15:41:44.650" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T15:41:44.650" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21418" CreationDate="2017-07-05T12:01:05.983" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina un término común para esto es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quichicientos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;quichicientos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, muchas veces compuesto (&lt;em&gt;quichicientos mil, quichicientos millones&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). Hay varios &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.thefreedictionary.com/quichicientos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimos&lt;/a&gt; en la región, entre ellos (en Perú) el bastante similar &lt;em&gt;cuchucientos&lt;/em&gt;. La palabra está bien atestiguada desde hace bastante tiempo (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://hay-cosas-peores.blogspot.com.ar/2007/09/quichicientos.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QfU8AgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA30&amp;amp;ots=AtpudmywuF&amp;amp;dq=quichicientos&amp;amp;pg=PA31#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=quichicientos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/ajoyagua45/posts/1806519756330540&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro más&lt;/a&gt;). Nadie parece tener una idea clara de su etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T12:01:05.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21428" CreationDate="2017-07-05T14:12:07.413" Score="3" ViewCount="3841" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: ritual, como adjetivo significa &quot;perteneciente o relativo al rito&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El antiguo misticismo ritual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún adjetivo que cumpla esta misma función pero para describir algo relacionado a la imagen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T15:14:18.977" Title="¿Existe algún adjetivo que signifique &quot;perteneciente o relativo a la imagen&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21427" CreationDate="2017-07-05T14:52:27.777" Score="3" ViewCount="419" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the song &quot;Despacito&quot; is so popular now, I decided to look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metrolyrics.com/despacito-lyrics-luis-fonsi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the lyrics&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One word I didn't know was &quot;pensarlo&quot;. I looked it up and it means &quot;I think&quot;, coming from the verb pensar, &quot;to think&quot;. However, the &quot;yo&quot; conjugation of &quot;pensar&quot; is &quot;pienso&quot;, which means &quot;I think&quot;. What's the difference between &quot;pensarlo&quot; and &quot;pienso&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T15:35:56.280" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T23:21:21.487" Title="Pensarlo vs. pienso?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21424" CreationDate="2017-07-05T14:55:04.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KseEXQQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;iconográfico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;iconográfico, ca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la iconografía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KsZhO9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iconografía&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de imágenes, retratos o representaciones plásticas, especialmente de un mismo tema o con características comunes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Representación o imagen de un personaje o de una realidad determinados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Sistema de imágenes&lt;/strong&gt; simbólicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Arte de la imagen&lt;/strong&gt; o la representación plástica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Estudio de las imágenes&lt;/strong&gt; o representaciones plásticas en el arte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque puede ser que lo estés forzando un poco como &quot;relativo a la imagen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T14:55:04.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21425" CreationDate="2017-07-05T15:06:03.127" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pienso&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;to think&lt;/em&gt; as you correctly said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso = I think&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;Pensarlo&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;to think about it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Déjame pensarlo = let me think about it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo voy a pensarlo antes de tomar una decisión = I'll think about it before making a decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and in the case of the lyrics...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo con pensarlo se acelera el pulso = Just thinking about it my heart rate rises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;A better version of the lyrics &lt;a href=&quot;https://genius.com/11688210&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T15:16:40.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21424" CreationDate="2017-07-05T15:10:48.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas opciones que tienes incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KseEXQQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iconográfico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la iconografía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SwOyMIB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pictórico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la pintura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bw5brFZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;visual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la visión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JPeHrNL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gráfico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una descripción, de una operación o de una demostración: Que se representa por medio de figuras o signos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T15:14:18.977" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T15:14:18.977" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21430" CreationDate="2017-07-05T16:33:43.763" Score="2" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba viendo esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21424/existe-alg%C3%BAn-adjetivo-que-signifique-perteneciente-o-relativo-a-la-imagen&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt; y me ha entrado la duda de qué es &lt;code&gt;ritual&lt;/code&gt; sintácticamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he pensado que &lt;code&gt;ritual&lt;/code&gt; funciona como sustantivo hasta que busqué sobre esta, y vi que es un adjetivo. O sea, que frases como &lt;code&gt;el oscuro ritual&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;haremos un ritual&lt;/code&gt; ¿están mal construidas sintácticamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T18:47:18.487" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T18:47:18.487" Title="Qué es &quot;ritual&quot; sintácticamente?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21429" CreationDate="2017-07-05T16:40:57.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WWc6Z92&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ritual&lt;/a&gt; puede funcionar como sustantivo, no solo como adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(Nombre masculino)&lt;/sub&gt;. Conjunto de ritos de una religión, de una Iglesia o de una función sagrada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funciona como adjetivo cuando significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj&lt;/strong&gt;. Perteneciente o relativo al rito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como sustantivo cuando es sinónimo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WWY3A7w%7CWWYSKxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;rito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Costumbre o ceremonia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Conjunto de reglas establecidas para el culto y ceremonias religiosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T16:40:57.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-05T20:04:19.180" Score="1" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído las palabras &quot;azúcar&quot; y &quot;mar&quot; ir acompañadas de los artículos &quot;el&quot; &quot;la&quot; indiscriminadamente. Tanto &quot;la azúcar&quot; como &quot;el azúcar&quot; lo he escuchado, y como el artículo da el género, me hace dudar de cuál sea el género de cada una de estas palabras. Que artículo debería usarse para cada palabra? o se pueden usar ambos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T20:08:24.540" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T20:16:37.873" Title="Género de ciertas palabras" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-07-05T20:14:30.333" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21420" CreationDate="2017-07-06T01:41:16.503" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No lo pude encontrar en ninguna fuente de referencia, pero en Chile a esa prenda le decimos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pintora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Es una especie de vestido abotonado que se usa para hacer labores domésticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que este nombre no te sirve en ningún otro país, y de hecho acá en Chile es una palabra que usarían solo las personas mayores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fh8sj.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fh8sj.png&quot; alt=&quot;pintora&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T01:41:16.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20218" CreationDate="2017-07-06T03:18:50.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé hasta que punto se puede datar el origen de esta expresión o incluso su primer uso registrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más probable es que se originase a través del habla coloquial. Si fue a través de un proceso &quot;viral&quot; (se le ocurrió a alguien y otros lo copiaron, como tú propones) o si diversos hablantes caían en los mismo coloquialismos de forma independiente es algo que quizá no podemos llegar a saber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí sabemos es que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/infinitivo-por-imperativo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el infinitivo puede usarse como imperativo &lt;sub&gt;(RAE)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo es válido el empleo del infinitivo con valor de imperativo dirigido a una segunda persona del singular o del plural cuando aparece precedido de la preposición a, uso propio de la lengua oral coloquial: ¡Tú, a callar!; Niños, a domir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso viene, según la RAE, &quot;del habla coloquial&quot;. Hay que tener también en cuenta que, aunque sea un mal uso, el infinitivo es usado como imperativo sin la forma &quot;a + infinitivo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que de un &quot;¡Tú, calla!&quot; podemos pasar a un &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Tú, (se te ha mandado) (a) callar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción &quot;Mandar a + infinitivo&quot; puede tener también el significado de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/mandar-buscar-330/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ordenar a alguien hacer algo &lt;sub&gt;(Fundeu)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, no solo de &quot;enviar a alguien a un sitio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esta estructura podríamos añadir el &quot;se ha dicho&quot; para añadir refuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Callad niños. Se os ha mandado (a) callar. A callar se ha dicho!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de esta suerte de locución que es un imperativo tenemos la forma general que es simplemente una exhortación tipo &quot;Vamos todos a hacer esto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T03:18:50.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21437" CreationDate="2017-07-06T11:55:09.860" Score="3" ViewCount="1489" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Umbrella term&quot; es una palabra que abarca un montón de significados distintos. ¿Existe un término o palabra para referirse a algo así en español? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T16:14:51.237" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T16:14:51.237" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra o término en español para &quot;umbrella term&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21436" CreationDate="2017-07-06T11:59:12.013" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Español existe el concepto como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9rmino_global&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;término global&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;término global&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;denominación general&lt;/strong&gt; (también conocido con la expresión &lt;strong&gt;término paraguas&lt;/strong&gt;), es una palabra que designa a un conjunto o agrupación de conceptos relacionados. Los términos globales se conocen técnicamente como &lt;strong&gt;hiperónimos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la &lt;em&gt;criptología&lt;/em&gt; es un término que engloba la criptografía y el &lt;em&gt;criptoanálisis&lt;/em&gt;, entre otros campos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe también &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;organización paraguas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; puede ser una organización que es un órgano de coordinación y representación de una serie de órganos separados más pequeños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. En semántica lingüística, se denomina &lt;em&gt;hiperónimo&lt;/em&gt; a aquel término general que puede ser utilizado para referirse a la realidad nombrada por un término más específico. Por ejemplo, ser vivo es hiperónimo para los términos planta y animal (que son a su vez &lt;em&gt;hipónimos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T12:01:23.323" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2017-07-06T16:38:58.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A parte de las otras opciones, creo que &lt;code&gt;Así es la vida&lt;/code&gt; es igualmente válida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13779" LastEditorUserId="13779" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T20:30:10.703" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T20:30:10.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21440" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-07T02:34:17.663" Score="9" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy leí un cartel en la oficina que prevenía sobre los &quot;tailgaters&quot; y los &quot;piggybackers&quot;. Decía algo así como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Piggybacking&quot; or &quot;tailgating&quot; is when an unauthorized person enters a restricted area, such as the office space, by following or accompanying an authorized employee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente en mi oficina (como en muchas otras) usamos una tarjeta RFID para identificarnos al acceder. El cartel previene sobre esa gente que entra en la oficina sin necesidad de acercar la tarjeta al lector para autenticarse porque aprovechan que alguien abre la puerta para ellos. Muchas veces es algo legítimo (le sujetamos la puerta por cortesía a alguien o dejamos pasar a alguien que dice haberse olvidado la tarjeta) pero también en una estratagema de &lt;em&gt;ingeniería social&lt;/em&gt; que permite entre el 40 al 60% de los accesos no autorizados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/piggyback&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piggyback&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es llevar a alguien a hombros o a caballito, aunque también es un término referido al acceso a una red inalámbrica de internet con el propio ordenador del intruso dentro de la red de otra conexión inalámbrica, sin el permiso o el conocimiento explícito de suscriptor. En el ejemplo del cartel el sentido es más &quot;físico&quot; que figurado, aunque nadie entra realmente &quot;a caballito&quot; o sobre tus hombros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tailgating&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tailgate&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tailgating&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es conducir tu vehículo muy cerca de otro sin respetar la distancia de seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El matiz en el texto es que el &quot;piggybacker&quot; puede entrar porque explícitamente se lo permites mientras que el tailgater &quot;aprovecha&quot; tu descuido y trata de pasar pegadito a ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay una traducción para &quot;&lt;em&gt;piggyback&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (ir a caballito o a hombros) no es la que yo usaría para traducir el texto de ejemplo. Para traducir &quot;tailgate/tailgating&quot; no se me ocurre un término, solo describir la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en español un término que pueda usarse en estos contextos para describir esa acción de ir muy pegado a alguien y aprovechar esa circunstancia en favor propio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T06:22:03.890" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T06:22:03.890" Title="¿Quiénes serían los &quot;piggybackers&quot; y los &quot;tailgaters&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21440" CreationDate="2017-07-07T05:15:04.767" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Acaso no es lo mismo que un colado? Alguien que, aprovechándose de las circunstancias que lo rodean, ingresa de forma irregular a algún lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16503" LastEditorUserId="16503" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T05:23:59.163" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T05:23:59.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21425" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:14:23.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wanting to add something to DGaleano's answer, any verb followed by -lo/-la/-los/-las is related to the subject/action which is being talking about.&#xA;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como no tengo tiempo para comprar ropa hoy, voy a &lt;strong&gt;comprarla&lt;/strong&gt; mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &quot;voy a comprarla&quot; means the same as &quot;la compraré&quot; or &quot;I'm going to buy it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17149" LastEditorUserId="17149" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T23:21:21.487" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T23:21:21.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21443" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21446" CreationDate="2017-07-08T15:09:48.203" Score="3" ViewCount="423" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qtGHv1a4b48&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En este video&lt;/a&gt; se muestra lo que parece ser las vocales a-e-i-o-u del español, pero tengo la duda si esas son en realidad las vocales usadas en español, y si los símbolos son los mismos dados a estas en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_vowels#Table_of_cardinal_vowels&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuadrilátero cardinal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T19:05:10.380" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T19:18:54.467" Title="¿Son éstas las vocales IPA que se usan en español?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-08T16:10:28.580" Score="7" ViewCount="2619" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un viaje al Departamento de Cuscatlán en El Salvador, oí a los campesinos usar solamente la palabra &lt;em&gt;corvo&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a sus machetes, es decir, cuchillos grandes &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.machetespecialists.com/product/imacasa-28-inch-pata-de-cuche-machete/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como este&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Gwwj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Gwwj.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gente en Suchitoto (el lugar más urbano en el área que visité) parecía conocer la palabra, pero ellos me pidieron clarificar si yo había querido decir &lt;em&gt;machete&lt;/em&gt; cuando preguntaba dónde comprar uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corvo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un poquito de investigación&lt;/a&gt; revela que &lt;em&gt;corvo&lt;/em&gt; se refiere usualmente a un tipo específico de arma histórica chilena. ¿Han oído ustedes la palabra &lt;em&gt;corvo&lt;/em&gt; usada afuera de este contexto histórico chileno? ¿Dónde se usa el término &lt;em&gt;corvo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17150" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-24T07:24:10.660" LastActivityDate="2020-10-16T13:22:08.453" Title="¿Quién usa la palabra &quot;corvo&quot; para referir a un machete?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;el-salvador&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21444" CreationDate="2017-07-08T16:16:51.113" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE in its dictionary entry for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3qNmyP|B3qrMlZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;corvo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, this is a standard usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Machete curvo utilizado en la labranza y, por ext., cuchillo que se usa como arma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it is not marked with a specific region of the Hispanophone world it is probably universal (although other people on this site will doubtless correct me if I am wrong).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T10:06:44.450" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T10:06:44.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21443" CreationDate="2017-07-08T19:18:54.467" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es correcto. Las vocales en español son cinco, tanto en la escritura [*] como en la pronunciación: dos cerradas (i,u) dos semiabiertas (e,o) y una abierta (a).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la ubicación en el mapa vocálico está bien, se corresponde a lo que puedes ver en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Vowels&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zSPpp.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zSPpp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad: el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_phonology#Vowels&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;japonés&lt;/a&gt; tiene, muy aproximadamente, (en la pronuniación, claro) las mismas vocales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[*] Aunque la correspondencia no es totalmente uno a uno: la excepción es la &quot;u&quot; muda en los grupos &quot;que-qui-gue-gui&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T19:18:54.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-09T02:33:39.810" Score="7" ViewCount="3009" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el diccionario de la RAE no lo recoge entre las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TBoTRsg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pirula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, la expresión coloquial &lt;code&gt;hacer la pirula&lt;/code&gt; se usa en España con el sentido de hacer una pequeña trampa o algo indebido, normalmente relativo a las señales de tráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, es prohibido, pero no viene nadie y no hay policía. Voy a &lt;strong&gt;hacer la pirula&lt;/strong&gt; y dar la vuelta aquí, que si no nos tenemos que ir hasta el quinto pino para poder dar media vuelta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar en otros contextos no relacionados con las normas de tráfico, pero ese es el principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese dependiente me ha debido de &lt;strong&gt;hacer la pirula&lt;/strong&gt; al darme el cambio, porque no me salen las cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha llegado a formarse ese modismo o expresión de &quot;hacer la pirula&quot; con el significado de &quot;hacer una pequeña trampa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T07:02:26.953" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T17:18:07.047" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;Hacer la pirula&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21449" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-09T16:55:17.157" Score="4" ViewCount="597" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguramente conocéis la combinación &quot;que + presente de subjuntivo&quot; que expresa deseos. Ya he encontrado algunos ejemplos para buenos deseos (&lt;em&gt;que tengas suerte, que tengas un buen día&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) y ahora necesito un par de ejemplos para ilustrar „malos deseos“. La única expresión que conozco en español es „&lt;em&gt;que te den por ...&lt;/em&gt;“ pero me da vergüenza decirlo delante de mi profe haciendo la presentación... ¿Hay algunas otras expresiones que expresan malos deseos  y que no suenen rudo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:36:57.133" Title="&quot;Que + presente de subjuntivo&quot; – fórmula para expresar deseos" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21449" CreationDate="2017-07-09T17:39:41.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es fácil encontrar ejemplos de malos deseos expresados con &quot;que&quot; + subjuntivo que no suenen de mal gusto, puesto que la estructura es coloquial y por lo tanto proclive a utilizarse para desearle lo peor al otro, con todo el sentimiento que eso conlleva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que te &lt;strong&gt;parta&lt;/strong&gt; un rayo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cagado te &lt;strong&gt;veas&lt;/strong&gt; y el agua lejos. (Alguna vez oí decir que es una maldición gitana.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que te &lt;strong&gt;vaya&lt;/strong&gt; para el culo/orto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas estas expresiones también pueden introducirse con &quot;ojalá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T17:39:41.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21449" CreationDate="2017-07-09T21:20:27.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una &lt;a href=&quot;https://diccionarioactual.com/que-te-gar%C3%BAe-finito/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;expresión de deseo negativo&lt;/a&gt; muy pintoresca en el registro coloquial rioplatense (especialmente lo que se llama lunfardo, común en letras de tango), que quizá sea interesante llevar a una clase por lo curioso y metafórico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que te garúe finito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde &lt;em&gt;garúe&lt;/em&gt; es forma subjuntiva del verbo &lt;em&gt;garuar&lt;/em&gt;, que proviene de &lt;em&gt;garúa&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llovizna&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;llovizna&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, y &lt;em&gt;finito&lt;/em&gt; es diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;fino&lt;/em&gt;, aquí con valor adverbial, con el significado de &quot;ligero, pequeño&quot;. Vale decir: &lt;em&gt;garuar finito&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;lloviznar ligeramente, con gotas pequeñas&quot;. Una garúa fina es obviamente muy molesta, por lo cual deseársela a alguien que se va es desearle un mal rato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión se utiliza para &quot;dar por finalizada una conversación o un encuentro con alguien y despedirlo con un cierto tono despectivo&quot;. No es para nada cortés pero no contiene ninguna palabra malsonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T21:20:27.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21453" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21462" CreationDate="2017-07-09T22:04:22.530" Score="10" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the right side of a ship (and everything beyond said side) is called «&lt;strong&gt;estribor&lt;/strong&gt;». I know enough about sailing to guess that it can't possibly have anything to do with a «estribo» (which is where you put your  feet when you ride a horse). So more than once I've wondered: &lt;strong&gt;maybe «estribor» comes from English «starboard»?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done my fair bit of research:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RAE dictionary says «estribor» comes from old French «estribord». However, I've checked the etymology for modern French «tribord» on some French dictionaries and they say it comes from «stirbord» instead; no references to «estribord».  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NGRAM has nothing for «estribor» before ~1740...  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... but CORDE has registered uses for «estribor» from as early as 1525. Then again, I highly doubt that «estribor» was already written like that in early 16th century.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books/about/Lexicon_Tetraglotton_an_English_French_I.html?id=PCtWAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lexicon Tetraglotton&lt;/a&gt;, an English-Italian-French-Spanish dictionary from 1660, says Spanish for «starboard» in s. XVII was «&lt;em&gt;estroiborda&lt;/em&gt;». Probably a mistake, but there's that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... I'm aware that most European words for «right side of ship» come from some old Indo-Germanic-Something root meaning «the side of the steering stick». But &lt;strong&gt;where does the current writing of «estribor» come from?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T08:59:46.380" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T08:59:46.380" Title="Where does «estribor» come from?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;francés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T06:19:10.047" Score="4" ViewCount="1228" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una frase como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tradujo dos archivos de una carta de comida/una carta de restaurante y editó la traducción de uno más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué opción sería la más adecuada? Lo que pasa es que fueron 3 archivos que incluyeron listas de comida que pertenecen al mismo restaurante: dos necesitaron traducción y el tercero ya estaba traducido, pero necesitaba edición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15094" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T09:18:50.323" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T14:11:45.943" Title="¿&quot;Carta de comida&quot; o &quot;carta de restaurante&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21454" CreationDate="2017-07-10T09:22:06.283" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he oído usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a secas para referirse a la explicación de los platos de un sitio. No necesita ningún calificativo adicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7jSjnZM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. charta, y este del gr. χάρτης chártēs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. En un restaurante o establecimiento análogo, lista de platos y bebidas que se pueden elegir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la palabra puede resultar ambigua o confusa en este contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tradujo dos archivos de una &lt;strong&gt;carta&lt;/strong&gt; y editó la traducción de uno más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que se podría añadir &lt;em&gt;del restaurante&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que esa carta es de restaurante y no una carta de otra cosa, tipo carta epistolar o de baraja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tradujo dos archivos de una &lt;strong&gt;carta del restaurante&lt;/strong&gt; y editó la traducción de uno más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T09:22:06.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21454" CreationDate="2017-07-10T13:59:24.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que puedes escoger cualquiera de lo dos. &lt;em&gt;Carta&lt;/em&gt; está bien y es suficiente. Si quieres un sinónimo, puedes usar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OxXW1rR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;menú&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;menu&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. m. Carta del día donde se relacionan las comidas, postres y bebidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque tiene el mismo problema de &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt;, esto es, puede ser ambiguo y confundirse con el &quot;menú&quot; de los programas informáticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él tradujo dos archivos de un menú y editó la traducción de uno más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T13:59:24.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21459" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:00:01.830" Score="9" ViewCount="1495" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que hacer documentación en español del software GitKraken para Git y la plataforma GitLab y tengo diferentes problemas al traducir ciertos conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GitKraken utiliza el término &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Staging&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, para referirse al proceso para preparar archivos para luego hacer &quot;commit&quot; a estos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es si será necesario traducir el término y usarlo traducido a través de toda la documentación, o si lo dejo así tal cual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo tradujera ¿sería algo como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Preparación&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Puesta en escena&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en la siguiente frase de la documentación oficial de GitKraken:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Select the files you wish to stage (..) To stage all your files, use&#xA;  the keyboard shortcut...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual traducido quedaría algo como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Selecciona los archivos que quieras preparar (...) Para preparar&#xA;  todos sus archivos, use el atajo de teclado...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O quizás solo sea necesario definir el concepto y después usarlo en inglés, quedando así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Selecciona los archivos que quieras &lt;em&gt;hacer stage&lt;/em&gt; (...) Para &lt;em&gt;hacer&#xA;  stage&lt;/em&gt; a todos sus archivos, usa el atajo de teclado...&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no suena muy bien...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, Gitkraken utiliza el concepto &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Staging area&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; para referirse al área de la interfaz donde quedan listados esos archivos preparados, y tampoco sé como definir bien ese concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, GitLab utiliza el concepto &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Staging environment&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como uno de los entornos de desarrollo de las diferentes etapas del flujo de desarrollo de software, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1494/8394&quot;&gt;en esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; se dijo que en español se usaba como &quot;entorno de pre-producción&quot;, pero GitLab utiliza los entornos &quot;staging&quot; y &quot;pre-production&quot; de forma separada, siendo &quot;staging&quot; una etapa anterior a &quot;pre-production&quot;, por lo que no creo que sea una traducción correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos y espero se entienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8394" LastEditorUserId="8394" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T18:45:46.290" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T08:58:51.653" Title="Traducción correcta de &quot;stage&quot; y &quot;staging&quot; en el contexto de GIT" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21458" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:19:44.480" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La versión en español de la documentación de GIT (En el libro electrónico &lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/book/es/v1/Empezando-Fundamentos-de-Git&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundamentos de GIT&lt;/a&gt;) favorece &lt;em&gt;staged&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;preparado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Git tiene tres estados principales en los que se pueden encontrar tus archivos: confirmado (committed), modificado (modified), y &lt;strong&gt;preparado (staged)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y describe &lt;em&gt;staging area&lt;/em&gt; como el &lt;strong&gt;área de preparación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] las tres secciones principales de un proyecto de Git: el directorio de Git (Git directory), el directorio de trabajo (working directory), y &lt;strong&gt;el área de preparación (staging area)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:19:44.480" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21458" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:21:30.987" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción con &lt;strong&gt;preparación&lt;/strong&gt; es correcta en lo que se refiere al sentido en el original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativas podrían ser las familias de los verbos &lt;code&gt;organizar&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;ordenar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T15:27:24.343" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:27:24.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21458" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:44:56.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy familiarizado con el concepto, pero te puedo sugerir que mantengas la analogía con el teatro que tiene la palabra inglesa &quot;stage&quot; usando éstas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pis37U6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;montaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. m. Acción y efecto de montar (‖ armar las piezas de un aparato o máquina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. m. Combinación de las diversas partes de un todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;. m. Acción y efecto de montar una obra teatral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PjOk949&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;montar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;monter&lt;/em&gt;, y este der. del lat. &lt;em&gt;mons, montis&lt;/em&gt; 'monte'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. Armar, poner en su lugar las piezas de cualquier aparato o máquina. U. t. en sent. fig.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. Poner en una casa todo lo necesario para habitarla o, en un negocio, lo necesario para que empiece a funcionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. En el teatro, disponer lo necesario para la representación de una obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:44:56.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21453" CreationDate="2017-07-10T17:43:25.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?estribor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; sugiere que &lt;em&gt;estribor&lt;/em&gt; se formó a través del francés &lt;em&gt;estribord&lt;/em&gt; (que ha evolucionado a su vez hasta el actual &lt;em&gt;tribord&lt;/em&gt;) y que esa voz francesa viene a su vez del neerlandés &lt;em&gt;stierboord&lt;/em&gt; que es una voz que une los términos &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;stier&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (timón) y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;boord&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (bordo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lilemus.wordpress.com/2014/09/26/babor-y-estribor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este otro artículo&lt;/a&gt; sobre la etimología de &amp;quot;babor&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estribor&amp;quot; confirma también que debido la posición del timón que permite manejar el barco (a la derecha, por ser más fácil así de ser manejado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] para distinguir la izquierda de la derecha en el mar, se usó el medio más claro, ya que se tomó como punto de referencia el principal elemento de asimetría de un barco tradicional: la posición del timón en el lado derecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] se le llamó [al lado derecho del barco] ‘lado o borda del timón’, cosa que en neerlandés se dice stierboord.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?estribor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; hints that the Spanish &lt;em&gt;estribor&lt;/em&gt; comes from the French &lt;em&gt;estribord&lt;/em&gt; (the archaic form of the current &lt;em&gt;tribord&lt;/em&gt;) which in turn comes from the Dutch &lt;em&gt;stierboord&lt;/em&gt; a word that combines &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;stier&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (tiller) y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;boord&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (on board).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lilemus.wordpress.com/2014/09/26/babor-y-estribor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; explains the etymology of the Spanish &amp;quot;babor&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estribor&amp;quot; based on the position of the boat's tiller. The tiller was the main element to divide the boat in two sides, left and right. The right side of the boat, where the tiller was, was called in Dutch &lt;em&gt;stierboord&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T12:53:51.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18615" CreationDate="2017-07-11T02:55:49.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE dice al respecto de las locuciones &lt;code&gt;como que&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;cómo que&lt;/code&gt; que en el caso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=s3kpSlOhuD6v706948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;como que&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;Como&lt;/em&gt;] forma la locución conjuntiva &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene un &lt;strong&gt;valor causal explicativo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo conozco muy bien, &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; he sido su vecino durante veinte años.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con este mismo valor suele encabezar oraciones enfáticas de réplica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;—Tienes ojeras. —¡Como que llevo dos noches sin dormir!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se emplea la locución como que con &lt;strong&gt;valor modal o atenuativo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El niño hace &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; juega&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se sentía &lt;em&gt;como que&lt;/em&gt; había caído en una trampa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;Como&lt;/em&gt;] introduce oraciones exclamativas independientes de &lt;strong&gt;valor enfático y sentido irónico&lt;/strong&gt;, contrario a su significado literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Como para fiestas estoy yo ahora! [= no estoy para fiestas]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Como que me van a dejar mis padres! [= no me van a dejar mis padres]&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera análoga, para la locución &amp;quot;cómo que&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces se usa el adverbio exclamativo &lt;code&gt;cómo&lt;/code&gt; seguido de la conjunción &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; para &lt;strong&gt;expresar disconformidad o extrañeza ante lo expresado por el interlocutor&lt;/strong&gt;. En estos casos, la conjunción que se explica por la elisión del verbo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Cómo [dices] que no me entero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Cómo [dices] que no te ayude!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente esta construcción con la simple negación: ¡Cómo que no!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T02:55:49.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18615" CreationDate="2017-07-11T05:00:38.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy argentino, y esa locución en ese párrafo me resulta casi incomprensible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atendiendo a la lógica, creo que aquí &lt;em&gt;&quot;como que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; debe leerse, no en sentido irónico, sino (según primera acepción en la respuesta de Diego) en sentido &lt;em&gt;&quot;causal explicativo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Más o menos equivalente a &lt;em&gt;&quot;puesto que&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;&quot;dado que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;porque&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, no es un español muy correcto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado que la locución &lt;em&gt;&quot;como que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; ( o &lt;em&gt;&quot;Es como que&quot;&lt;/em&gt;) tiene otro sentido (al menos en el habla informal de Argentina, sobre todo al comienzo de una frase). Matiza lo que sigue, como expresando que la expresión es aproximada: &quot;las cosas son más o menos así:...&quot; . Similar al &lt;em&gt;&quot;It's like...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/los-chalchaleros/1297140/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para profundizar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/asele/pdf/12/12_0551.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí hay un artículo&lt;/a&gt; académico que estudia el asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T05:00:38.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21458" CreationDate="2017-07-11T06:33:54.950" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;stage&lt;/em&gt; equivale a la española &lt;em&gt;concentración&lt;/em&gt; en el ámbito deportivo. Hoy día se usa bastante como extranjerismo en España. Por ejemplo, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diarideterrassa.es/deportes/2017/05/31/seleccion-espanola-iniciara-hoy-nueva-concentracion-terrassa/58087.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta noticia reciente&lt;/a&gt;, leemos el siguiente titular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La selección española iniciará hoy una nueva concentración en Terrassa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el artículo empieza así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fred Soyez ha convocado a 27 jugadores (doce egarenses) para realizar un stage en Terrassa entre hoy y el domingo 11 de junio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la idea es similar a la de GitKraken: reunir los jugadores (o los ficheros) en un lugar con un fin concreto. Aunque, como dice @Diego en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21459/1768&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra &lt;em&gt;preparación&lt;/em&gt; ya se ha utilizado en algún texto técnico, me parece demasiado genérica y no da toda la información que sí incluyen el original &lt;em&gt;stage&lt;/em&gt; y la alternativa que propongo y que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/stage-traducible-por-concentracion-652/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;también propone la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;, aunque siempre, como digo, en el ámbito deportivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T08:58:51.653" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T08:58:51.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21467" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-11T12:49:30.140" Score="6" ViewCount="12883" Body="&lt;p&gt;Últimamente veo mucho usar la fórmula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimados todos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en los encabezados de algunas cartas. ¿Es correcta dicha fórmula? En principio, lo sería si &quot;todos&quot; se usara como sustantivo, pero los significados de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZxVCoJq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;todo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como sustantivo son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cosa íntegra, conjunto indivisible o inseparable de los elementos que componen algo. &lt;em&gt;Se fijan ustedes en las partes sin atender al todo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En el juego del hombre y otros de naipes, condición en que se paga más a quien hace todas las bazas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En las charadas, voz que contiene en sí todas las sílabas que se han enunciado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso que se da en la carta sería de pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. indef. m. pl. todas las personas. U. sin referencia a un sintagma mencionado o sobrentendido. &lt;em&gt;La limpieza de la ciudad nos concierne a todos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en la carta tenemos un adjetivo precediendo a un pronombre. ¿Es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T06:27:23.663" Title="¿Es correcta la fórmula &quot;estimados todos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10537" CreationDate="2017-07-11T15:07:43.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Triage&lt;/em&gt; podría traducirse muy fácilmente al español como &quot;valoración&quot;, en el sentido clínico: se valora el estado del paciente para determinar su grado de gravedad y ponerlo en la fila de atención. La &quot;valoración&quot; en este sentido es un término ampliamente usado en todos los establecimientos de salud, por lo menos en Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17164" LastEditorUserId="17164" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T20:23:05.510" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T20:23:05.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10537" CreationDate="2017-07-11T16:19:21.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No conocía el término pero después de leer las otras respuestas te puedo sugerir &lt;strong&gt;priorización&lt;/strong&gt;, que si bien no sale en el diccionario, es un derivado bien formado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UCg5Lpp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;priorizar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. Dar prioridad a algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UCd7HKS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prioridad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Anterioridad de algo respecto de otra cosa, en tiempo o en orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Anterioridad o precedencia de algo respecto de otra cosa que depende o procede de ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No significa exactamente lo mismo que triaje, pero sirve como sinónimo contextual, ya que se refiere al orden en se va a realizar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro lado, de una forma más general puedes usar las siguientes, que tampoco son exactamente lo mismo pero incluyen la idea de separar o escoger:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BG8vlbe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cribaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. m. &lt;em&gt;Med&lt;/em&gt;. Acción y efecto de cribar (‖ realizar un examen médico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BG9GEll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cribar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;cribrāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. Someter a una selección rigurosa un conjunto de personas o cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. &lt;em&gt;Med&lt;/em&gt;. Realizar un examen médico a un conjunto de personas para detectar una determinada enfermedad y descartar otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:19:21.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21467" CreationDate="2017-07-11T16:43:28.323" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estimados todos&lt;/em&gt; es una traducción literal del inglés &lt;em&gt;Dear All&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso en el castellano no es correcto, ya que después del saludo hay que especificar a quién te estás refiriendo -un sustantivo- y el término &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt; es un pronombre, el uso correcto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Queridos amigos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimados conciudadanos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimados (sustantivo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16979" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T09:16:58.500" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T09:16:58.500" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="63" CreationDate="2017-07-11T17:07:46.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No veo el día/la hora/ el momento de ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me aguanto las ganas de ver la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Me muero por ver la película!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17164" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T17:07:46.120" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="737" CreationDate="2017-07-11T17:12:18.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formular una pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer una pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indagar por algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Averiguar por&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preguntar acerca de&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17164" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T17:26:14.640" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T17:26:14.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-11T21:36:04.437" Score="5" ViewCount="891" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una copla en la que cada verso par tiene rima asonante, si la rima en dos de ellos que van uno a continuación del otro (6-8) es consonante, ¿se podría considerar como asonante para no romper la estructura del poema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17167" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T10:59:30.253" Title="¿Se puede considerar una rima asonante como consonante?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21447" CreationDate="2017-07-11T21:52:34.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que debe ser por su relación con &lt;strong&gt;pirueta&lt;/strong&gt;. Ambas palabras, &lt;em&gt;pirula&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pirueta&lt;/em&gt; vendrían de &lt;em&gt;perinola&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;peonza&quot;, &quot;trompo&quot;), raíz de la que según Corominas también derivan el aragonés &lt;em&gt;pirulo&lt;/em&gt;, el italiano &lt;em&gt;pirlo&lt;/em&gt; y el francés &lt;em&gt;pirouette&lt;/em&gt;, todas con el mismo significado: &quot;giro&quot;, &quot;voltereta&quot;, &quot;acrobacia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente en francés una &lt;em&gt;pirouette&lt;/em&gt; también es una &lt;em&gt;evasiva&lt;/em&gt;, o sea una forma de desentenderse de alguna responsabilidad, lo cual en esencia también es hacer trampa. Me imagino (y esto obviamente es una suposición mía) que el problema moral de las infracciones se puede suavizar mediante la metáfora de la acrobacia. O sea, &lt;em&gt;hacer la pirula en el semáforo&lt;/em&gt; es como darte una vuelta en el aire y... ¡ta-rán!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, ésas serían las especulaciones medio forzadas de un amigo latinoamericano que nunca había escuchado eso de &lt;em&gt;hacer la pirula&lt;/em&gt;. Y, fuera de tema, para que sepan, en Chile &lt;em&gt;pirula&lt;/em&gt; es la forma más &quot;soft&quot; de referirse al pene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T21:52:34.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21476" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-12T12:08:13.153" Score="7" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en inglés lees cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to inform a pedestrian or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fellow cyclist&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; that I'm about to pass them? (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4139/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fellow users&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; removing thank-you's from my questions? (&lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/328379/1983854&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve la tendencia: dado un colectivo X, en inglés dicen &lt;em&gt;fellow X&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al grupo de personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el colectivo X consiste en personas que tienen el mismo nombre, diríamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZwMRuMo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocayos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Si consiste en otras personas de la misma ciudad o nación, entonces es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A9EZAps&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;conciudadanos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Y, en general, muchos usan el &lt;em&gt;co&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;colaborador&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;No puedo evitar compartir la última cosa que me ha deslumbrado de Google: la etimología visual.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=etymology+collaborate&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1aOLm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora supongamos que quiero hablar de mis &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users?tab=moderators&quot;&gt;compañeros moderadores&lt;/a&gt;. ¿Cómo podría nombrarlos? ¿Comoderadores? ¿Co-moderadores? ¿Hay alguna partícula siempre aceptable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T16:08:04.647" Title="¿Cuál puede ser un buen equivalente del &quot;fellow&quot; inglés?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17334" CreationDate="2017-07-12T17:18:03.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del país, en México se les llama &quot;Pericos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16979" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T17:32:07.307" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T17:32:07.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21479" CreationDate="2017-07-12T18:19:47.197" Score="5" ViewCount="3662" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto la frase &lt;code&gt;Qué pesao el abuelo cebolleta&lt;/code&gt;, ¿qué significa? Nunca antes la había escuchado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que para aludir a una persona pesada, pero ¿&lt;code&gt;cebolleta&lt;/code&gt;? También quería saber si es una frase ampliamente conocida, como en el lenguaje español, o en algún país, localidad, circulo de amigos... o simplemente no muy conocida. No parecía acabada de inventar cuando la escuché.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:38:04.817" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:38:04.817" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;¡Qué pesado el abuelo cebolleta!&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21478" CreationDate="2017-07-12T18:29:58.597" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El abuelo cebolleta era un personaje de cómic (o tebeo), parte de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_familia_Cebolleta&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la familia Cebolleta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El abuelo estaba siempre contando batallitas (&quot;En mis tiempos bla bla bla...&quot;), y de ahí viene la expresión: alguien te está aburriendo siempre con una &quot;batallita&quot;, anécdota o historia aburrida, moralizante, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El abuelo Cebolleta, que con su enorme barba blanca y su &lt;strong&gt;interminable verborrea&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;en cierta ocasión, iba yo al frente de mis cipayos, cuando, bla, bla, bla....&quot;), se convertiría en uno de los más recordados de los personajes de Bruguera. Obsesionado con contar batallitas, &lt;strong&gt;ha pasado al imaginario colectivo y a la lengua común a través de la frase hecha: &quot;Cuentas más batallitas que el abuelo Cebolleta&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6HgvCm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6HgvCm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;cebolleta&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zSragm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zSragm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tebeo se publicaba en España, donde como ves la expresión es más o menos popular, aunque no todo el mundo (hay que tener cierta edad para ello) pueda relacionar la expresión y el tebeo. Ignoro si esta influencia cultural ha transcendido a otros países de habla hispana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T19:37:01.263" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T19:37:01.263" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21481" CreationDate="2017-07-12T19:29:32.493" Score="9" ViewCount="4738" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta dada por Diego a la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21478/6915&quot;&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;Qué pesado el abuelo cebolleta&quot;?&lt;/a&gt; hoy aprendí la palabra &lt;strong&gt;tebeo&lt;/strong&gt;, que por mis tierras es desconocida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues me parece que ya hay demasiadas palabras para referirse a lo mismo, por lo que puedo suponer que &lt;em&gt;tebeo, cómic&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;historieta&lt;/em&gt; tienen alguna diferencia entre sí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es así? Es decir, ¿puede que una revista x sea un cómic pero no una historieta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T19:31:49.597" Title="¿Hay alguna diferencia entre tebeo, historieta y cómic?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21480" CreationDate="2017-07-12T20:07:32.483" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En España, a la historieta se la ha llamado también tebeo&lt;/strong&gt;. Dicho término, puramente local, tiene su origen en la revista &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/TBO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TBO&lt;/a&gt;, y designa sobre todo a la publicación que contiene historietas, siendo consagrado su uso en la edición de 1968 del Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mediados de los años 70, una parte del medio empezó a defender el uso del término de origen anglosajón comic (escrito al principio sin tilde) para potenciar una historieta de grafismo más realista, pretensiones esteticistas o experimentales y temas considerados más adultos, con abundantes dosis de erotismo, en detrimento de la más habitual en la postguerra, que se dirigía preferentemente a un público infantil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historieta_en_Espa%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Historieta en España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente la versión en inglés del artículo cita al régimen de Franco y su censura sobre el contenido de estas publicaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the Spanish Civil War the Franco regime imposed strict censorship in all media, and comics were no exception. As part of this ban, superhero comics were forbidden by the Francoist regime; as a result, comic heroes were based on historical fiction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que puede explicar un poco la diferencia en contenido entre comic e historieta (a la distinta nomenclatura para distintas historias).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, personalmente, siempre le he dicho &lt;em&gt;tebeo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;historieta&lt;/em&gt; a las publicaciones para público infantil tanto patrias (Mortadelo y Filemón, Zipi y Zape, el botones Sacarino, etc.) como extranjeras (las aventuras de Asterix y Obélix o las de Tintín, de las que también había unas cuántas en mi casa) y &lt;em&gt;comic&lt;/em&gt; a las aventuras de otros personajes que tenían un corte menos inocente y más serio o agresivo (Batman, Transformers, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los términos eran bastante intercambiables (sobre todo cuando era un adulto el que los usaba, porque para ellos todas esas lecturas para los niños caían en el mismo saco). Predominaban  los términos &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;comic&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;tebeo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; sobre &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;historieta&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y a veces se añadían otros. Las historietas que más me gustaban eran las de Mortadelo y Filemón, que podían estar recogidas en tomos como los &lt;em&gt;superhumores&lt;/em&gt; o en revistillas como el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Mortadelo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;supermortadelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. A veces decíamos simplemente &amp;quot;Me voy a a leer un &lt;em&gt;Mortadelo&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Quiero leer un &lt;em&gt;Superhumor&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T19:31:49.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21454" CreationDate="2017-07-13T00:25:03.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un restaurante (restorán) yo suelo pedir la &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt; con la intención de ver que ofrece el &lt;em&gt;menú&lt;/em&gt; ese día. Más exactamente, la carta para mí es una lista de todos los platillos que puede uno pedir, mientras que un menú suele anunciar una secuencia fija que constituye una comida completa (de la sopa al postre). Si has dejado claro previamente que la discusión es acerca de un restaurante, ninguna de las dos palabras necesita clarificación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero un problema secundario es que no se está traduciendo un archivo, sino una carta. Para evitar confusión (y asumiendo que no has mencionado el restaurante antes), yo diría &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tradujo una carta de restaurante...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T07:41:50.403" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T07:41:50.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21480" CreationDate="2017-07-13T07:34:22.477" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nada que aportar a la gran respuesta de @Diego. Sólo comentar que, por mi parte, suelo usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;cómic&lt;/strong&gt;» para el género literario;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;tebeo&lt;/strong&gt;» para el formato físico (la revista);  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;historieta&lt;/strong&gt;» para los capítulos o relatos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Astérix y Obélix&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;strong&gt;cómic&lt;/strong&gt; creado por los autores Goscinny y Uderzo. La primera &lt;strong&gt;historieta&lt;/strong&gt; que leí de ellos fue «Las doce pruebas», en un &lt;strong&gt;tebeo&lt;/strong&gt; que me compró mi padre cuando tenía 8 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que «tebeo» en cuanto a formato es bastante específico: tipo revista, menos de 50 páginas, tapa blanda... Un Superhumor, con sus tapas duras y casi 200 páginas de risa y diversión, yo al menos no lo llamaría un «tebeo»; si acaso, una recopilación de historietas me parece más adecuado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como digo, este es mi uso personal de cada término. Si los entendidos los emplean de manera intercambiable o no, ahí ya no entro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T07:52:56.517" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T07:52:56.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21449" CreationDate="2017-07-13T12:59:29.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en España tenemos varias expresiones muy similares a la que mencionas (&quot;que te den por el culo&quot;) que son versiones edulcoradas (más suaves):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que te den por el saco (en el lenguaje hablado suele eliminarse la partícula &quot;el&quot; quedando &quot;que te den por saco&quot; pero no sería correcto para la expresión escrita).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PnBQhSF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Que te den morcilla&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, directamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que te den (posiblemente la más común en mi entorno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, como han indicado ya:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que te parta un rayo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas ellas muestran desprecio por la persona con la que se habla y serían más o menos equivalentes al inglés &lt;em&gt;&quot;fuck you&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que existen más. Actualizaré según me vayan viniendo a la mente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17163" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T13:36:57.133" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:36:57.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3237" CreationDate="2017-07-13T17:25:23.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haciendo la misma investigación encontré este post y una teoría que tengo es que la palabra derivó del árabe, donde &quot;laHm&quot; significa carne, la pronunciación de esa &quot;h&quot; es bastante fuerte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que cuando los inmigrantes árabes llegaron a Colombia usaban esta palabra que luego en español colombiano derivó en &quot;la fama&quot; por como sonaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17181" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T01:22:15.747" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T01:22:15.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21488" CreationDate="2017-07-13T23:27:01.080" Score="15" ViewCount="60363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a short article, the title is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What time is it now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I just write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué hora es ahora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or must I write this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué hora es ahora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12241" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T06:48:33.793" LastActivityDate="2020-09-02T06:43:50.317" Title="Do I have to use upside down question marks (¿) in an article title?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21487" CreationDate="2017-07-14T01:32:47.663" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. There are no exceptions to the use of the question marks in Spanish. Questions always start with an upside-down question mark (or better called &lt;strong&gt;opening question mark&lt;/strong&gt;) . It is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/dpd/interrogaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the very first rule&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son signos dobles, pues existe un signo de apertura y otro de cierre, que &lt;strong&gt;deben colocarse de forma obligatoria al comienzo&lt;/strong&gt; y al final del enunciado correspondiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los signos de apertura (¿ ¡) son característicos del español y no deben suprimirse por imitación de otras lenguas en las que únicamente se coloca el signo de cierre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Qué hora es?&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Qué alegría verte!&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué alegría verte!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside: in Windows, you can type this symbols by keeping the &lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; key pressed, while typing the following codes &lt;strong&gt;on the numeric keypad&lt;/strong&gt; (normal number keys above the letter keys won't work):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;1&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;6&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;8&lt;/kbd&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;¿&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;1&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;7&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;3&lt;/kbd&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;¡&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of ways to &lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/questions/59418/how-to-type-special-characters-in-linux&quot;&gt;type those same codes in Linux&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="27332" LastEditDate="2020-09-02T06:43:50.317" LastActivityDate="2020-09-02T06:43:50.317" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21490" CreationDate="2017-07-14T02:22:25.960" Score="5" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es conocido que en español se dan los fenómenos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Cmi8vUAxBD6QBOs8iA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ceceo&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=IIUwJDU07D6XC2xEky&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seseo&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha pasado ya dos veces que, escuchando una canción, me da la sensación de que el cantante &lt;em&gt;cecea&lt;/em&gt; al pronunciar una &quot;d&quot; inicial de palabra (concretamente la de la palabra &quot;dime&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las canciones en concreto son las siguientes. Enlazo al instante exacto en que se produce lo que yo oigo como ceceo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Antonio Orozco &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADZVekRpSHU&amp;amp;t=69&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADZVekRpSHU&amp;amp;t=126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pablo López &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1owGTcbOpPM&amp;amp;t=112&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1owGTcbOpPM&amp;amp;t=142&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mis oídos, lo que están diciendo es &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;ime&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, en lugar de &quot;dime&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y esto a cuento de qué? Bueno, pues a cuento de que &lt;strong&gt;no he encontrado un solo artículo o estudio que hable de &quot;ceceo&quot; al pronunciar &quot;d&quot; en inicio de palabra.&lt;/strong&gt; En lo que al ceceo respecta, la literatura sólo recoge (que yo haya visto) los casos de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;s -&gt; c&lt;/em&gt; en medio de palabra (&quot;¿qué pasa?&quot; -&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;¿qué paza?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;);  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;d -&gt; z&lt;/em&gt; a final de palabra (Madrid -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Madriz&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el ceceo clásico es un rasgo marcadamente geográfico, del sur de Andalucía. Pero resulta que Antonio Orozco es de Barcelona, con lo cual ignoro si esta forma de pronunciar es un deje andaluz que aquél intenta imitar, o si realmente está más extendida por la geografía española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa es que, salvo esos dos casos, no he escuchado a nadie más pronunciar así. Pero claro, ni me paso el día oyendo música de este estilo, ni vivo en zona ceceante (sí seseante; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceceo#/media/File:Ceceo-seseo-distinci%C3%B3n_en_el_espa%C3%B1ol_de_Europa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la única al este de Andalucía&lt;/a&gt;, aunque es un rasgo que se está perdiendo); así que puede ser falta de exposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿alguien más ha encontrado esto en su entorno?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Soy el único que oye &quot;zime&quot; (y no &quot;dime&quot;) en los vídeos anteriores?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es posible que esté surgiendo un nuevo tipo de ceceo en España?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T14:55:16.683" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T17:35:44.507" Title="¿Ceceo en &quot;d&quot; inicial de palabra?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21489" CreationDate="2017-07-14T06:57:26.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente, en los ejemplos que das no se usa el fonema /d/ en la palabra &lt;em&gt;dime&lt;/em&gt;, pero tampoco el fonema /θ/. El fonema que yo oigo es /ð/; es decir, el mismo que se usa en algunas palabras inglesas somo &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;. Este fonema tiene un punto de articulación intermedio entre /d/ y /θ/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, no es más que una pronunciación un tanto afectada al cantar. Para hablar de un nuevo tipo de ceceo (tal vez necesitaríamos otro nombre, ya que, como digo, el fonema es distinto) necesitaríamos muestras habladas, no cantadas, y también un uso sistemático. En otros momentos de estas mismas canciones se usa claramente el fonema /d/ (en el primer ejemplo de Orozco, unos pocos segundos más tarde se usa un /d/ muy marcado en la palabra &lt;em&gt;dulce&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T06:57:26.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21454" CreationDate="2017-07-14T11:13:15.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que veo en tus últimos comentarios a mi respuesta anterior, tu problema es un poco diferente; es un problema de estilo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me sucede frecuentemente que no puedo escribir una frase satisfactoria: que diga todo lo que necesito decir, en el orden correcto y sin crear confusión. Creo que ese es tu caso, pues tu dominio del español no parece ser el problema. Asi que ¿cuál es la solución?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente escribe lo que quieres, usando más de una frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él tradujo dos archivos y editó la traducción de un tercero. Los archivos contenían varios menús del restaurante bla-bla-bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, el quid del asunto es separar los dos fragmentos de información que quieres presentar. Una vez que te das cuenta de esto, puedes volver a presentar todo en una única frase (si así lo requieres). Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De tres archivos que contenían menús de un restaurante, él tradujo dos y editó el tercero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T14:11:45.943" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T14:11:45.943" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21487" CreationDate="2017-07-14T12:21:45.903" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;English speakers generally know that the sentence they are beginning to read is a question, because they have a grammatical form that presents it. For example, here, in the title of your article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do I&lt;/strong&gt; have to use upside down question marks (¿) in a article title &lt;strong&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, Spanish speakers recognize the questions only by the intonation of the spoken phrase. We do not have a grammatical indicator to show that we are reading a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in Spanish we need an orthographic mark that indicates the beginning of the question. If we do not put that mark (and the sentence is relatively long) we understand that it is a question only when finished reading, which implies to stop reading and reinterpret its meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is important in all written language, including titles, as it allows us to distinguish what kind of sentence is being communicated: a statement, a question, a statement followed by a question, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T12:31:56.407" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T12:31:56.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19296" CreationDate="2017-07-14T14:49:08.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda, la palabra &quot;carajo&quot; tiene el significado de &quot;miembro viril&quot;, como ocurre con su equivalente portugués &quot;caralho&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es poco verosímil que alguien quiera decir &quot;canastilla&quot; cuando está enojado o se golpea un dedo con el martillo. Sí tiene relación bastante obvia con el mástil de un barco, también llamado &quot;verga&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/carajo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;define así a la palabra &quot;carajo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Órgano eréctil que presenta el macho de los mamíferos [...] en el que desembocan los conductos del tracto genitourinario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17189" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T15:46:09.103" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T15:46:09.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T18:08:24.643" Score="2" ViewCount="4199" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es normal escuchar esta palabras, pero ¿verlas escritas? Es molesto, por lo menos para mi ver esas palabras así. ¿Están realmente bien escritas? Parece ser que &lt;em&gt;doquier&lt;/em&gt; es una abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;dondequiera&lt;/em&gt;. ¿No significarían lo mismo donde quiera y a donde quiera que sus formas en bloque?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/doquier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/doquier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T18:20:11.310" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T18:20:11.310" Title="Doquier, dondequiera, adondequiera?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21495" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21501" CreationDate="2017-07-14T18:14:59.720" Score="3" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde he visto ambas palabras son igualmente correctas y significan lo mismo en español. Pero ¿cuál de las dos es la original?, y ¿por qué surgió la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T08:13:51.993" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T08:13:51.993" Title="Las palabras chofer y chófer: ¿Cuál de las dos es la original? ¿Por qué surgió la otra?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21495" CreationDate="2017-07-14T19:00:15.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8xKnYMc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccioniario de la Real Academia&lt;/a&gt;, viene del francés &lt;em&gt;chauffeur&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;La Real Academia parece preferir la forma &lt;strong&gt;chofer&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8xKsmql&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chófer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; simplemente remite a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8xKnYMc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chofer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chófer&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  V. &lt;strong&gt;chofer&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que en esta entrada es donde recoge la etimología y definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chofer&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;chófer&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  Del fr. &lt;em&gt;chauffeur&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Persona que, por oficio, conduce un automóvil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17192" LastEditorUserId="17192" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T19:36:56.387" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T19:36:56.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21508" CreationDate="2017-07-14T19:03:03.370" Score="4" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently on a quest to master the subjunctive and reading 'The Spanish Subjunctive: The Only Guide You will EVER need' (&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B00F90XNE6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/Spanish-Subjunctive-Only-Guide-will-ebook/dp/B00F90XNE6&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There, one of the very first and most important rules reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the verb in the main clause is in the present, the verb in the subordinate clause must also be in the present. If the verb in the main clause is in the past, the verb in the subordinate clause must also be in the past.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Except that it has examples which use &lt;code&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/code&gt; in the subordinate clause after a present tense in the main clause, but I guess they classify it as present because it is kind of called &lt;code&gt;Present Perfect&lt;/code&gt; in English. E.g.: Espero que hayas hecho todo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I find it bad that you are so rude to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me parece mal que estés tan brusco conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All good, present main clause, present subordinate clause. But what if I wanted to 'move' the subordinate clause in to the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I find it bad that you were so rude to me yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the correct translation? My take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me parece mal que estuvieras tan brusco conmigo ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm happy you called me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me alegro de que me llamaras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these translations correct? If so, are there any other examples of where the general rule mentioned above doesn't apply?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="9000" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T19:58:13.370" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T15:40:58.193" Title="Subjuntivo: main clause present, subordinate in past" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21494" CreationDate="2017-07-14T19:36:49.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A diferencia de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=gb4MIefg3D6zuBo1Id&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dondequiera&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nrx0l9mNKD6b6hKfZh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adondequiera&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que van seguidos de una relativa con &quot;que&quot;, la palabra &quot;doquier&quot; se usa sola. Una de las combinaciones más habituales (en realidad, la única que me viene a la mente) es &quot;por doquier&quot; (que significa &quot;por todas partes&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dondequiera&quot; y &quot;adondequiera&quot; son respectivamente equiparables a &quot;en cualquier lugar&quot; y &quot;a cualquier lugar&quot;, y siempre sirven de antecedente a una relativa. El &quot;quiera&quot; que las conforma es impersonal y no debe confundirse con el &quot;quiera&quot; personal correspondiente a la primera o tercera persona del singular, en cuyo caso se debe escribir por separado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Irás a donde (yo) quiera que vayas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dejaré el presente donde (él/ella) quiera que lo deje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos, &quot;que&quot; introduce una proposición nominal: Yo/Él/Ella quiero/e que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para comprobar que &quot;dondequiera&quot; y &quot;adondequiera&quot; son impersonales y deben escribirse como una sola palabra, debemos poder reemplazar esas palabras por las frases, también impersonales, &quot;(a) donde sea/fuera que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T20:36:47.077" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T20:36:47.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2395" CreationDate="2017-07-14T19:39:50.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el espanol existen los llamados verbos impersonales, los cuales carecen de sujeto. Ejemplos de estos son llueve, relampaguea, truena, etc.. Estos por lo general se les asignan a la naturaleza, pero intenta darle un sujeto a estos verbos y veras que no concuerdan. Por ejemplo no puedes decir el cielo llueve, no es el cielo, simplemente llueve. Tambien es incorrecto decir habemos 3 personas, el sujeto seria nosotros, pero de nuevo haber es impersonal, &quot;nosotros&quot; no ejecutamos la accion de &quot;haber&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T19:39:50.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21494" CreationDate="2017-07-14T20:12:30.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre la forma correcta de escribir estas palabras parece haber discrepancias entre el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas y el Diccionario de la lengua española:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sobre &lt;strong&gt;dondequiera&lt;/strong&gt; el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=gb4MIefg3D6zuBo1Id&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; indica que &quot;... ha de escribirse hoy &lt;strong&gt;en una sola palabra&lt;/strong&gt; ...&quot; [negritas mías], mientras que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E8JIKmq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; recoge como válido también la forma separada &quot;&lt;strong&gt;donde quiera&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo mismo ocurre en el caso de &lt;strong&gt;adondequiera&lt;/strong&gt;: el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nrx0l9mNKD6b6hKfZh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; indica que &quot;...No se admite su escritura en dos palabras...&quot; y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0o1XiDN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; recoge también la forma separada.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Finalmente, en cuanto a &lt;strong&gt;doquier&lt;/strong&gt;, no figura en el DPD, mientras que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E8yw125&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; recoge las dos formas: &lt;strong&gt;doquier&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;do quier&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17192" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T20:12:30.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21495" CreationDate="2017-07-14T20:24:38.863" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/chofer-y-chofer-dos-formas-validas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundeu&lt;/a&gt; aporta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto &lt;strong&gt;chofer&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;chófer&lt;/strong&gt;, sin tilde o con ella en la o, son grafías válidas para referirse en español a ‘la persona que, por oficio, conduce un automóvil’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En América se emplea mayoritariamente la forma aguda chofer, más acorde con el original francés del que procede (&lt;em&gt;chauffeur&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;) y su plural es choferes, sin tilde en la o. En cambio, en España es más común emplear la forma llana chófer y el plural chóferes, con tilde en la o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de un vocablo común en cuanto al género (el/la chofer y el/la chófer). No obstante, el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas contempla también como admisible, aunque mucho más infrecuente, la variante &lt;em&gt;choferesa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lectura de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2982/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué razón en España suelen pronunciar los extranjerismos de acuerdo a las reglas del español y no a las reglas del idioma original?&lt;/a&gt; puede ser interesante para entender por qué a veces las palabras se incorporan con distinta grafía o pronunciación en nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de suponer, como indica &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/6915/rodrigo&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt; en los comentarios, que si, citado a Fundeu,  &amp;quot;la forma aguda chofer, [es] más acorde con el original francés del que procede&amp;quot; esta forma (chofer, sin tilde) sea la más antigua en nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. El termino significa, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chofer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;segun wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;quot;el que calienta&amp;quot; ya que en la Francia del siglo XIX (de donde procede la palabra) se aplicaba también a los fogoneros de las locomotoras.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?cho.fer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologias de Chile&lt;/a&gt; valida esta referencia.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T21:49:52.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21497" CreationDate="2017-07-14T20:53:40.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translations sound good to me regarding the &lt;em&gt;agreement of time&lt;/em&gt; used however I'd use different translations because of the meaning of the words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My changes in bold&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it bad that you are so rude to me.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Me parece mal que &lt;strong&gt;seas&lt;/strong&gt; tan &lt;strong&gt;grosero&lt;/strong&gt; conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it bad that you were so rude to me yesterday.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Me parece mal que estuvieras tan &lt;strong&gt;grosero&lt;/strong&gt; conmigo ayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm happy you called me.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Me alegro de que me llamaras  (this one is ok, no changes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rude could mean &lt;em&gt;brusco&lt;/em&gt; but it is generally used to mean &amp;quot;bad manners&amp;quot; or &amp;quot; un-politeness&amp;quot; (offensive in manner or action) that is better translated as &lt;em&gt;grosero, descortés&lt;/em&gt;, at least for my region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other change I made is regarding the use of &lt;strong&gt;estés&lt;/strong&gt; vs. the use of &lt;strong&gt;seas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Estés&lt;/em&gt; is fine but I prefer in this case &lt;em&gt;seas&lt;/em&gt; and you could find long articles in this and other sites about the differences between &lt;em&gt;ser y estar&lt;/em&gt;.  In this case &lt;em&gt;estés&lt;/em&gt; would be used in the case that the rudeness is only for today (temporary state) and &lt;em&gt;seas&lt;/em&gt; will mean that the rudeness is a permanent characteristic of the person being rude towards the person that is talking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T21:08:07.927" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21497" CreationDate="2017-07-14T21:22:21.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best tense to connect a present emotion with a past event is the present perfect (in Spanish, &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto compuesto&lt;/em&gt;). The auxiliary in this tense is, precisely, the &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, and the fact that it is grammatically &quot;present&quot; and logically/semantically &quot;past&quot; makes it the best option to serve as a link between both notions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentences like &quot;Me alegro de que me llamaras&quot; or &quot;Me parece mal que estuvieras tan grosero&quot; sound odd to me, but I wouldn't say they are wrong. I very much prefer the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me alegro de que me &lt;strong&gt;hayas llamado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me parece mal que &lt;strong&gt;hayas estado&lt;/strong&gt; tan grosero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is essential to use a more definitive form of the past, then we can avoid the present indicative to prevent what I feel to be a clash between the present indicative and the past subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué bueno/alegría que me llamaste ayer!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Que mal/pena que estuviste tan grosero!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;Manual de gramática del español&quot; by Ángela Di Tullio, we can find under item &lt;em&gt;12.2.2. La concordancia de tiempos&lt;/em&gt;, page 225:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La correlación de tiempos en el subjuntivo es obligatoria con algunos verbos (los de deseo, por ejemplo); sin embargo, con otros es posible una alternancia similar a la que permite el indicativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(13) a. Quiero que vengas / *vinieras / *hayas venido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. Quise que vinieras / *vengas / *hayas venido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. No creo que venga / haya venido / viniera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d. Me pidió que viniera / venga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I have to say that &quot;Quise que vengas&quot; is perfectly acceptable in colloquial Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The conclusion of this author seems to be that, depending on the semantic classification of the verb in the main clause (volitional, causative, of opinion), tense agreement between the subjunctive in the subordinate and the indicative in the main clause will vary between compulsory and optional usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &quot;alegrarse&quot; and &quot;parecerle (bien/mal) a alguien&quot; are not verbs of voliton but of opinion, these two cases would allow for the possibility of  using both variants (present or past in the subjunctive). If we wanted to reach a final conclusion, we should perhaps list examples of all the possible verbs that can introduce subordinates in the subjunctive and check the grammaticality/acceptability of combining different tenses in each case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T13:10:55.947" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T13:10:55.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21494" CreationDate="2017-07-14T21:48:29.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existen relativos inespecíficos que son términos compuestos formados por un relativo (quien, como, donde, adonde, cuando) más la forma verbal gramaticalizada quiera. Así tenemos: quienquiera, comoquiera, dondequiera (doquiera), adondequiera y cuandoquiera, estos últimos menos usados. Indican personas o cosas no identificadas y su significado equivale a ‘sea quien sea’, ‘sea como sea’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su escritura, el segmento quiera no se escribe nunca separado del relativo, pues si se separan equivaldrían a la forma del verbo querer precedida de un adverbio relativo. Así tenemos que es diferente Triunfará dondequiera que vaya y Que vaya donde quiera. En el primer caso significa ‘donde sea’ y en el segundo, ‘al lugar que desee’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cambiamos al plural: Triunfarán dondequiera que vayan; Que vayan donde quieran, nos damos cuenta de que la forma compuesta no varía mientras que, en la segunda opción, concuerda con el verbo principal (vayan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/dondequiera-no-es-donde-quiera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/dondequiera-no-es-donde-quiera/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16979" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T21:48:29.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21507" CreationDate="2017-07-15T09:34:18.170" Score="1" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las opciones en la frase siguiente es mejor para enfatizar que el manual fue de un apartado, que la traducción fue relacionada con la tecnología?&#xA;El manual fue de celular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traduje un manual de usuario / de instrucciones / de teléfono / de celular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15094" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T22:11:33.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T22:11:33.087" Title="¿Cuál opción enfatiza más la parte tecnológica: manual de usuario / de instrucciones / de teléfono / de celular?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21506" CreationDate="2017-07-15T12:24:37.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si lo que quieres es dejar claro (en un currículum, por ejemplo) que las traducciones que has hecho son de temas tecnológicos, puedes añadir el adjetivo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;técnico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: &quot;&lt;em&gt;manual &lt;strong&gt;técnico&lt;/strong&gt; de usuario&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Con eso queda claro el aspecto tecnológico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las otras opciones que indicas, como &quot;&lt;em&gt;manual de teléfono móvil&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, también pueden valer. Si no quieres ser tan específico, una opción más genérica sería &quot;&lt;em&gt;manual de dispositivo móvil&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T12:24:37.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21497" CreationDate="2017-07-15T15:40:58.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same question! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/16744/imperfect-subjunctive-with-present-tense-independent-clause&quot;&gt;Imperfect Subjunctive with present tense independent clause?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the provided links in the answer I was given it certainly seems like you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OMhNxVHkUcZKIgxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OMhNxVHkUcZKIgxR&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE itself gives a great example: &quot;No creo que Arturo llegara&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That and having heard it used as such by native speakers makes it pretty definitively okay for me. Now, there could be more nuance to it as the others mentioned (verbs of desire don´t allow it while others do) in such case I would love to see some RAE or other additional documentation that explains it, however: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the verb in the main clause is in the past, the verb in the subordinate clause must also be in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems to be just wrong. Well depends how you interpret the word ´must´ I suppose. I find it inaccurate to say the least and coming from a book purporting to be an authoritative text on that very subject matter it gives me a lot of pause. I have the same book btw and I think I gave it up after a few chapters due to other questions about absolutist statements it was making that I wasn´t convinced of. It was not the &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; guide I ever needed anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T15:40:58.193" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21514" CreationDate="2017-07-16T02:09:40.913" Score="9" ViewCount="6824" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día oía a alguien referirse a su acompañante (una chica de pelo negro) como &quot;mi negra&quot;. Era evidente que era un apelativo cariñoso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera vez que oí el término usado de esa manera fue en la cumbia &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/trQy3IUk-Ek?t=884&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Como mi negra&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que era parte de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trQy3IUk-Ek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantata del Adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras&lt;/a&gt;, de Les Luthiers. En esta obra dice el personaje de Carlos Núñez: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] Fui de pronto conmovido por los &lt;strong&gt;ojos &lt;em&gt;renegridos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de una &lt;strong&gt;morena&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a esta morena de ojos negros se le dedica la cumbia en cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me dio por buscar el término en el DLE, y vi que &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QN0nGts#KSaoNfh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;negro/a&lt;/a&gt; puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. &lt;em&gt;And. y Am.&lt;/em&gt; [Usado] como voz de cariño entre casados, novios o personas que se quieren bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí me sorprendió es que el término se use también en Andalucía y no sólo en América, porque en España no llegué nunca a oírlo en boca de los andaluces que conozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál el origen de este término como apelativo cariñoso? ¿A quién se le puede aplicar este apelativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque pueda parecer obvio, yo en su momento pensé que era para personas de raza negra y no le di más importancia, pero repasando: el ejemplo de Les Luthiers (donde solo dicen &quot;ojos y cabello negro&quot;, sin implicar más); que el otro día lo vi usar para agasajar a una chica de pelo negro pero piel blanca; y que se usa en Andalucía, donde no abundan las poblaciones de etnia negra más que en otros sitios de España, me hace preguntarme si se refiere a piel negra u otros atributos (pelo negro, ojos negros).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aparte, ¿es distinto su uso en Andalucía que en América?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T12:41:13.897" LastActivityDate="2021-05-02T10:19:37.007" Title="Uso de de &quot;mi negra&quot; como apelativo cariñoso" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21510" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos copulativos necesitan un complemento obligatorio que define cierta cualidad o condición que el verbo otorga al sujeto con el que se une dicho verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español los verbos copulativos son &lt;strong&gt;ser, estar y parecer&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy &lt;em&gt;contento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres &lt;em&gt;alto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Este &lt;em&gt;parece&lt;/em&gt; diferente&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los verbos por sí solos no transmiten toda la información, y necesitan de forma obligatoria el complemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21511" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" Score="0" Body="Los verbos copulativos necesitan un complemento obligatorio que define cierta cualidad o condición que el verbo otorga al sujeto con el que se une dicho verbo." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T02:23:04.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18314" CreationDate="2017-07-16T06:22:06.890" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desgonzar is the correct term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17197" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T06:22:06.890" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21509" CreationDate="2017-07-16T14:51:33.523" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;negro/a&lt;/em&gt; como apelativo para personas en Latinoamérica está lleno de vericuetos y trampas. Yo sólo puedo hablar por mi experiencia en Argentina. &lt;em&gt;Negro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;negra&lt;/em&gt; pueden ser usados como apelativos y vocativos; con el posesivo &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; adquiere un tono cariñoso, íntimo. &lt;em&gt;Mi negra&lt;/em&gt; puede ser una novia o esposa y también una hija; no sé si alguna vez escuché &lt;em&gt;mi negro&lt;/em&gt; en boca de una mujer para referirse a su marido, pero si lo escuchase no me extrañaría. &lt;em&gt;Mi negrito/a&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a un/a hijo/a también es común (cf. la canción &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duerme_negrito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Duerme negrito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que en Andalucía, en Argentina hay muy pocas personas de piel negra (afrodescendientes, e incluyendo inmigrantes de países con gran población afrodescendiente, como el vecino Brasil), de manera que &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; no es un término racial en este uso, si bien se asocia a personas de tez medianamente morena (para nuestro promedio). Yo lo he oído aplicado a personas con gran variedad de facciones, aunque no, quizá lógicamente, a personas de tez muy clara o de cabello rubio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo tez morena y me han llamado &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; (vocativo, no sobrenombre) infinidad de veces, pero me he cruzado con personas para quienes &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; era un vocativo genérico sin importar a quién se dirigían. Mi madre probablemente me ha dicho &lt;em&gt;mi negrito&lt;/em&gt; muchas veces; mi esposa, que se tuesta fácilmente al sol pero no es especialmente morena, es &lt;em&gt;la Negra&lt;/em&gt; para sus amigos de años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/nego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;portugués brasileño&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;nego, nega, neguinho, neguinha&lt;/em&gt;, alteraciones de &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt;, etc., son términos de afecto similares a los que se describen en el DLE, y al igual que aquí, tampoco se limitan a personas de piel negra o afrodescendientes. A diferencia de allí, donde &lt;em&gt;nego&lt;/em&gt; también puede significar &quot;persona cualquiera, tipo, sujeto&quot;, en Argentina hay que tener cierto cuidado con esto porque &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; también se usa peyorativamente para referirse a personas de un estrato socioeconómico particular (sobre esto no quiero inundar con detalles la respuesta). El contexto es clave; llamar a un compañero &lt;em&gt;mi negro&lt;/em&gt; nunca va a malentenderse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T12:44:49.027" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T12:44:49.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2017-07-16T15:34:26.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why look regionally but leave out other Spanish speaking cultures?  In the Caribbean, a &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt; is less than a man.  A &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt; is a man who's woman is cheating on him (giving him horns.  Hence the root word cabrón/goat) knows about it and does nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with friends its permissible to call your friend &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt; but it's usually used in a context to get their attention or to express a deep emotion and to joke around&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira cabrón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah.  No seas cabrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jajajaja, qué cabrón eres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these instances, to us, it's akin to asshole or fucker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;México is not the only one that uses that word.  I've seen a Mexican get knocked out for calling a Puertorican he didn't know &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17199" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T00:52:11.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21828" CreationDate="2017-07-16T16:12:46.163" Score="6" ViewCount="3999" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por motivos varios estuve escuchando a varias personas decir &quot;las europas&quot; como por ejemplo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabías que Anastasia fue a &lt;strong&gt;las europas&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encontré una fuente fiable que responda esto, así que dejó aquí la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que en algún punto de la historia las personas se refirieron a India como &lt;strong&gt;las Indias&lt;/strong&gt;, pero realmente ¿es correcto usar el plural? ¿Existe alguna clase de regla para esto que me estoy saltando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T18:18:45.567" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T17:45:28.323" Title="¿Es correcto usar el plural en &quot;las europas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21518" CreationDate="2017-07-16T17:45:42.120" Score="6" ViewCount="779" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad pensaba hacer esta pregunta en el exchange de inglés &quot;How to differentiate between 82 and 80 2&quot;, pero describiendo la pregunta me di cuenta de que en realidad esto también pasa en el español, asi que decidí empezar preguntandolo aqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que ocurre es que 82 se lee &quot;ochenta y dos&quot;, exactamente igual que &quot;80 y 2&quot;.&lt;br&gt; ¿Tiene el español alguna buena forma de diferenciar estos dos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Cuántos caramelos de limón y de menta tienes? &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Ochenta y dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso puede entenderse que se tienen 80 caramelos de limón y 2 de menta, pero también que solamente se tienen entre los dos 82 caramelos (por ejemplo, 40 de limón y 42 de menta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16898" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T18:16:13.517" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T08:10:04.577" Title="¿Cómo diferenciar 80 y 2 de 82?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21517" CreationDate="2017-07-16T18:11:21.273" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La única forma de diferenciar en el discurso hablado &quot;82&quot; y &quot;80 y 2&quot; es por medio de la prosodia, es decir, introduciendo entonación y pausas donde parezca conveniente para enfatizar la diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano si bien se escribe &lt;em&gt;ochenta y dos&lt;/em&gt;, habitualmente se dice en una sola palabra (fonológicamente hablando), como si fuese &lt;em&gt;ochentaidós&lt;/em&gt; (a veces &lt;em&gt;ochentidós&lt;/em&gt;), por lo cual marcar claramente la acentuación prosódica de &lt;em&gt;ochenta&lt;/em&gt; bastaría para señalar que estamos nombrando el número 80 aisladamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay que tener en cuenta que el ejemplo es forzado. En la práctica muy poca gente dirá algo como eso. La forma más natural de contestar la pregunta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ochenta de limón y dos de menta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T18:11:21.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21517" CreationDate="2017-07-16T18:13:14.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he logrado dar con la pregunta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;ELU&lt;/a&gt; que mencionaste, pero seguramente la mejor solución en castellano, igual que en inglés, sea decirlo con unas cuantas palabras adicionales para evitar algún tipo de ambigüedad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos caramelos de limón y de menta tienes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues tenemos unos cuarenta de limón más unos cuarenta y dos de menta, o sea ochenta y dos caramelos de ambos sabores en total.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto es un problema, si de hecho es un problema, en la lengua hablada  y no en la escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma ambigüedad puede ocurrir en inglés con números como 105 si se pronuncia &lt;em&gt;“a hundred &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; five”&lt;/em&gt; — ¿son dos figuras o una sola? Debe  resolverse de la misma manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T08:10:04.577" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21489" CreationDate="2017-07-16T18:57:26.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto no tiene nada que ver con el ceseo. El ceseo es pronunciar los dos fonemas /s/ y /θ/ como [θ] sin distinción alguna. Lo que oyes aquí con estos cantantes no es [θ] sino una [ð̞] fricativa bastante alargada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los oclusivos sonoros en castellano se convierten en sonidos fricativos (y muchas veces aun aproximantes) en la mayoría de los contextos fonológicos. Leemos en el artículo de Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonolog%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la fonología del español&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;/b/, /d/, y /g/ son aproximantes ([β̞], [ð̞], [ɣ̞]; (de aquí en adelante representadas sin tachuelas) en &lt;strong&gt;todas las posiciones&lt;/strong&gt; excepto después de pausa, después de consonante nasal, o, en el caso de /d/, después de consonante lateral; en estos contextos, son oclusivas sonoras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es por nada que se escribe &lt;em&gt;Madriz&lt;/em&gt; tantas veces: se alarga el fricativo al final de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/letWq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/letWq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;revista &amp;quot;Madriz&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que se manifiesta el fonema /d/ en una ancha variedad de alófonos, pero siendo meros alófonos, nadie va a confundir un fonema con otro simplemente al oír algún alófono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase también &lt;a href=&quot;http://phoible.org/inventories/view/553&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este inventario fonológico del castellano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-07-22T17:35:44.507" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T17:35:44.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2017-07-16T22:24:06.530" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Consideramos a Pedro un buen maestro&lt;/em&gt;. Esta es la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si pasamos a voz pasiva, o.d.(1) ser màs verbo en p.p.(2), s. Activo (3)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es la fórmula para voz pasiva. Entonces la oración quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro un buen maestro, es considerado por nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considerar esta conjugado en nosotros ese es el verbo que pasaría a p.p. Y &#xA;el agente activo no se ve pero es &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;. Por eso lo agregamos al final de la voz pasiva y no puede tener doble complemento porque un buen. Maestro es el adjetivo, escripsion de Pedro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencia de la voz pasiva: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/voz_pasiva.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/voz_pasiva.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17201" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T09:59:57.380" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T09:59:57.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21523" CreationDate="2017-07-16T22:52:15.263" Score="5" ViewCount="11986" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según me explicaron en otra pregunta aquí, &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; puede ser sujeto de una oración, y creo que si la oración fuera &quot;mañana llueve&quot;, &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; sería el sujeto (corrijame si me equivoco). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿qué pasa cuando la oración es &quot;Mañana lluvia caerá&quot;? Es &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; o es &lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; el sujeto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué función sintáctica tiene la palabra que no es el sujeto en esa oración? Porque si a la frase le invertimos el orden y queda &quot;Mañana caerá lluvia&quot;, &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; sería el sujeto, ¿cierto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T01:02:21.127" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T17:51:59.640" Title="¿Cuál es el sujeto en la oración &quot;mañana lluvia caerá&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21522" CreationDate="2017-07-17T00:56:25.990" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Llover&quot; es en general un verbo impersonal. Sólo ocasionalmente puede recibir un sujeto, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le llovieron felicitaciones / ofertas de trabajo. (donde &quot;felicitaciones&quot;/&quot;ofertas de trabajo&quot; es sujeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mañana llueve&quot; no tiene sujeto: es una oración impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, en &quot;Mañana caerá lluvia&quot; (una oración poco feliz), &quot;lluvia&quot; es sujeto de &quot;caerá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mañana&quot; es, en todos los casos, circunstancial de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T00:56:25.990" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21743" CreationDate="2017-07-17T07:29:58.050" Score="8" ViewCount="643" Body="&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a Sevilla desde Mérida por la carretera nacional, poco antes de llegar a Santiponce se puede ver una casa bastante vieja con un cartel igual de viejo, en el que se puede leer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/maps/@37.4868188,-6.0686291,3a,75y,124.97h,85.38t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1s-Knwdz026jty0WWSrlkOmQ!2e0!6s%2F%2Fgeo1.ggpht.com%2Fcbk%3Fpanoid%3D-Knwdz026jty0WWSrlkOmQ%26output%3Dthumbnail%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26thumb%3D2%26w%3D203%26h%3D100%26yaw%3D147.19621%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i13312!8i6656?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RjlTx.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RjlTx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Plural volado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SANTIPONCE 6 Km&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  SEVILLA 15 Km&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los símbolos no varían de forma aunque se usen en contextos de referencia plural: &lt;em&gt;25 km&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;veinticinco kilómetros&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, como este cartel es muy antiguo no se le pueden aplicar las reglas de ortografía actuales. Por tanto, la pregunta adquiere un corte histórico y trata los siguientes aspectos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Fue de uso recomendado en algún momento por la RAE el escribir los símbolos (de unidades de medida) con plurales volados? ¿O, ya puestos, con plurales de cualquier tipo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Acaso se consideraba el símbolo &quot;km&quot; una abreviatura antiguamente, y por eso se le aplicó algún tipo de regla similar a cuando se escribe, por ejemplo, &quot;H&lt;sup&gt;nos&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bonus: ¿El prefijo &quot;kilo-&quot; se escribió alguna vez con mayúscula?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T12:00:01.063" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T10:56:19.407" Title="¿Fueron comunes en algún momento los símbolos (como &quot;km&quot;) con plurales volados?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21547" CreationDate="2017-07-17T11:37:56.243" Score="3" ViewCount="18234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía ayer &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/AsambleaVE/status/886542513171025920&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;#16J 07:00am Comienzan a &lt;strong&gt;aperturarse&lt;/strong&gt; los puntos soberanos en todo el país para que ciudadanos manifiesten su voluntad. #HoyElPuebloDecide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que la Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela quería decir es que comenzaban a &lt;strong&gt;abrirse&lt;/strong&gt; unos puntos de votación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como hablante de castellano de España, este uso me pareció muy raro y así me lo confirmó que no aparezca en el DLE. Sin embargo, para mi sorpresa el Diccionario de americanismos sí lo recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=njyu4sGxUx0A6ha5vp5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aperturar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  tr. Ho, Ve, Pe, Bo. Inaugurar alguien algo. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y veo que efectivamente cada vez se usa más en detrimento de &quot;inaugurar&quot;, como se ve &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;q=aperturar,inaugurar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Google Trends&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;q=aperturar,inaugurar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ck5vB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿se puede usar como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T09:50:18.657" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;aperturar&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;abrir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-07-17T22:01:36.737" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me llega &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raul_decast/status/886951315150131200&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vía Twitter&lt;/a&gt; una respuesta a esta pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcT6x6x&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;señorito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usada en femenino (&lt;em&gt;señorita&lt;/em&gt;) puede significar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. f. Término de cortesía que se aplica a la mujer soltera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5. f. Tratamiento de cortesía que se da a maestras de escuela, profesoras, o también a otras muchas mujeres que desempeñan algún servicio, como secretarias, empleadas de la administración o del comercio, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, usada en masculino tiene una connotación ligeramente peyorativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. m. coloq. Joven acomodado y ocioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El temor de no enojar al señorito los enfrena el gobierno de sus antojos, y aun se ponen de parte de sus viciosas inclinaciones. Porque no llore el niño, dejan verter lágrimas a su conciencia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diego de Torres Villarroel, &amp;quot;Visiones y visitas de Torres con Don Francisco de Quevedo por la corte&amp;quot;, 1727-1728 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T22:01:36.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-07-18T01:49:08.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la línea de la propuesta de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21526/5481&quot;&gt;señorito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; yo voy a proponer la propia palabra &amp;quot;femenino&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dados los múltiples significados de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjghBNR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;femenino&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la mujer. La categoría femenina del torneo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Propio de la mujer. Un gesto femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;Que posee características atribuidas a la mujer&lt;/strong&gt;. Su abuela fue una mujer muy femenina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir de alguien del sexo femenino que es &lt;em&gt;femenina&lt;/em&gt;, el adjetivo actúa casi como epíteto (se ve claro en el tercer ejemplo de las entradas del diccionario). Es algo con connotaciones positivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario, aplicado a un hombre, le resta &amp;quot;hombría&amp;quot;. Esto se ve mejor en la palabra &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0wtotJy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;afeminado&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un hombre: Que en su persona, modo de hablar, acciones o adornos se parece a las mujeres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un hombre: homosexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en este caso ese &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;homosexual&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, o el tener esos rasgos &amp;quot;característicos de las mujeres&amp;quot; tiene connotaciones peyorativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T01:49:08.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21529" CreationDate="2017-07-18T03:13:12.210" Score="4" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;He pensado en publicar una nueva entrada, por si alguien anda aburrido y quiere participar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la descripción de uno de los mundos que componen el universo de la mitología nórdica, de la mano de Neil Gaiman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the south was Muspell. Muspell was fire. Everything there glowed and burned. Muspell was light where Niflheim was gray, molten lava where the mist world was frozen. The land was aflame with the roaring heat of a blacksmith's fire; there was no solid earth, no sky. Nothing but sparks and spurting heat, molten rocks and burning embers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neil Gaiman: Norse Mythology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posible traducción libre (304 caracteres) sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Al sur se encontraba Muspell. Muspell era fuego. Todo allí resplandecía y ardía. Muspell era luz donde Niflheim era gris, lava fundida donde el mundo de las nieblas se encontraba congelado. El mundo estaba en llamas con el rugir ardiente de la fragua de un herrero; no había tierra sólida ni cielo. Nada salvo chispas y chorreante calor, piedra fundida y rescoldos ardientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, la traducción con menos caracteres que respete el sentido  de la original gana la partida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 1: Muspell y Niflheim son dos de los nuevo mundos de la mitología nórdica. Muspell es el mundo del fuego y Niflheim el de la bruma gris y fría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:12:48.873" Title="Translation Golf XII - Norse Mythology de Neil Gaiman" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-18T03:13:35.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21528" CreationDate="2017-07-18T06:20:37.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me puedo resistir...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;232 229&lt;/strike&gt; 231 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muspell, al sur, era fuego, allí todo relucía y ardía. Si Niflheim era gris, Muspell era luz y lava viscosa donde el mundo nebuloso era hielo. La tierra flagraba cual rugiente horno de herrero: no había suelo firme ni cielo. Solo chispas, chorros cálidos, roca derretida y brasas ardientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Licencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QKJi5Z1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nebuloso&lt;/a&gt;: Que abunda en nieblas, o cubierto de ellas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I2ZEBBn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Flagrar&lt;/a&gt;: Arder o resplandecer como fuego o llama.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cambios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada mas&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;. Cortesía de Brian H.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más cambios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reordenación de la segunda frase tras los comentarios del OP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T20:42:22.447" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T20:42:22.447" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-18T06:20:37.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21528" CreationDate="2017-07-18T12:31:36.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es mi primer intento en translation-golf, a ver que sale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;263&lt;/strike&gt; 260 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al sur estaba Muspell. Muspell era fuego. Todo allí brillaba y ardía. Muspell era luz donde Niflheim era gris, lava fundida donde el mundo de bruma estaba helado. La tierra ardía con el rugiente calor de la llama de un herrero; no había tierra firme, ni cielo. Solo chispas y chorros de calor, roca derretida y ascuas en llamas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy del todo contento con la redundancia en el uso del verbo arder&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo allí brillaba y ardía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tierra ardía con...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco me  gusta como ha quedado &amp;quot;La tierra ardía...&amp;quot; seguido de &amp;quot;no había tierra...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en general me parece una traducción simplilla, pero bueno, lo importante es participar :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cambios&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cambio niebla por bruma: -1 caracter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cambio derretida por fundida: -2 caracteres&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T07:15:12.893" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-18T12:31:36.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21532" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-18T18:11:56.180" Score="1" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he escuchasdo frases como &quot;no sé nada&quot;, y me ha traido mucha confusion de cómo debe usarse. La question es que &quot;no sé nada&quot; de hecho indica que &quot;sabes algo&quot;. Por ejemplo: &quot;no le eches nada&quot; deberia ser dicho &quot;echale nada&quot; o &quot;no le eches algo&quot;, no? A pesar de que estas frases son ampliamente usadas y usarlas de otra forma traeria confusion, estan realmente bien dichas estas frases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:38:58.380" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:38:58.380" Title="Frases con doble negacion" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;negación&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-18T18:31:06.610" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21534" CreationDate="2017-07-18T18:20:08.303" Score="3" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading Revelation 19:15 today, which says, in part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Y de su boca sale una aguda espada larga&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the &quot;aguda espada larga&quot; portion of this sentence is &quot;sharp long sword.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why in Spanish is it &quot;sharp sword long&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the norm - when there are two adjectives modifying a noun, they are split, one before the noun, and one after?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, would &quot;larga espada aguda&quot; be just as acceptable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could both adjectives trail the noun, such as &quot;espada aguda larga&quot; or &quot;espada larga aguda&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="2111" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T19:06:12.880" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T19:06:12.880" Title="Is adjective-noun-adjective the normal pattern?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21533" CreationDate="2017-07-18T19:03:42.773" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only rule is that adjectives that are assigned some subjective value by the speaker will tend to appear before the noun, while those that have a more objective value will tend to come after it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also another rule which sets forth that, whenever there is more than one adjective either before or after the noun, they will tend to be separated by commas or by a conjunction such as &quot;and&quot; (although some other might be used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this separation of adjectives by commas or a conjunction can be either stylistically poor or heavy, the speaker may decide to place the adjective(s) he considers more subjective in front position and leave the one(s) he deems to be more objective in end position. This might be the case with the noun phrase &quot;aguda espada larga&quot;. However, all these would be equally correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aguda y larga espada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;larga y aguda espada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aguda, larga espada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;espada aguda y larga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;espada larga y aguda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comma alone will generally not be used to separate adjectives in end position, and a conjunction will usually be required to separate the last two members of any series of adjectives appearing after a noun. In front position, commas without a final conjunction will be allowed, but a poetic effect will ensue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T19:03:42.773" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21324" CreationDate="2017-07-18T19:46:14.570" Score="-3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solo buenos deseos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solo buenas intenciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T20:13:51.083" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T20:13:51.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21528" CreationDate="2017-07-18T22:09:07.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;246 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al sur estaba Muspell, que era fuego, y allí todo brillaba y ardía. Muspell era luz, y Niflheim, lava fundida gris allí donde se helaba el mundo de bruma. El país ardía con el rugiente calor de una fragua, y no había tierra firme ni cielo, nada más que chispas, chorros de calor, rocas fundidas y brasas ardientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T07:54:24.413" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-18T22:09:07.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T03:21:18.023" Score="4" ViewCount="711" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella les cocina a ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;les&quot; used when &quot;ustedes&quot; is used later on? Is this not redundant?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would &quot;ustedes&quot; be used further on if &quot;les&quot; is already in use? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17217" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T06:32:07.420" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:37:55.777" Title="In &quot;Ella les cocina a ustedes&quot; why is &quot;les&quot; used when &quot;ustedes&quot; is used later on?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21537" CreationDate="2017-07-19T05:34:55.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viewed from English perspective 'les' could look redundant, however if we view it from Spanish perspective, it just sounds better if you say &quot;Ella les cocina a ustedes&quot; The word 'les' here makes emphasis that ella (her) cooks for you instead of actually cooking you (boiling you). Saludos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17218" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:34:55.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21537" CreationDate="2017-07-19T10:52:00.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a comment I've referred you to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21271/el-pronombre-de-objeto-indirecto-en-la-oraci%C3%B3n-yo-te-llamo-a-ti-es-obligatorio&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; which answers this already. In short, if there's an indirect complement expressed as a full pronoun (in this case &lt;em&gt;[a] ustedes&lt;/em&gt;), then the equivalent clitic (short, unstressed) form of the pronoun must appear (&lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;). The same, using other persons and numbers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella me cocina a mí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella te cocina a ti.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella le cocina a él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella nos cocina a nosotros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella les cocina a ellos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is just a grammar rule, i. e. just how the language works.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to why &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; would be used if &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; is already in use: for emphasis. You can very well do without it (&lt;em&gt;Ella les cocina&lt;/em&gt;). Adding it explicitly simply emphasizes the fact that someone is cooking for you, not incidentally but purposefully, not someone else but you. In this example it could also be useful to avoid ambiguity because &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; on its own can mean &quot;you&quot; (plural) or &quot;them&quot; (except in Spain, where plural &quot;you&quot; is &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some time ago we discussed (but I can't find that question) the equivalence between these and phrases with &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella les cocina a ustedes.&lt;/em&gt; ~= &lt;em&gt;Ella cocina para ustedes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see there's no need to use the clitic pronoun in the equivalent phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T11:30:48.480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T11:30:48.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21540" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21544" CreationDate="2017-07-19T13:09:09.710" Score="5" ViewCount="12774" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía hace poco un manual de catalán en el que se destacaba la diferencia entre estos tres grupos gramaticales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;locución&lt;/strong&gt; es una parte de la oración que substituye un nombre, un adjetivo, un adverbio, una conjunción o una preposición y que hace la función de estas partículas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;frase hecha&lt;/strong&gt; es una oración completa, con sujeto y predicado, y sustituye una locución verbal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;refrán&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;proverbio&lt;/strong&gt; es una citación invariable que a menudo aparece después de dos puntos o entrecomillado (no admite cambios verbales de tiempo, ni la adición de cuantitativos o diminutivos, ni tampoco ninguna variación formal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto aplica al catalán, pero no sé si también el castellano. Mirando en el DLE observo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NYSj8PH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;locución&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Gram. Grupo de palabras que funcionan como una sola pieza léxica con un sentido unitario y cierto grado de fijación formal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Gram. Combinación fija de varios vocablos que funciona como una determinada clase de palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IPhICME&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;frase hecha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. frase que es de uso común y expresa una sentencia a modo de proverbio. &lt;em&gt;En el medio está la virtud. Nunca segundas partes fueron buenas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. frase que, en sentido figurado y con forma inalterable, es de uso común y no incluye sentencia alguna. &lt;em&gt;¡Aquí fue Troya! Como anillo al dedo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VesRhX7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;refrán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Dicho agudo y sentencioso de uso común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UTwvbOV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;proverbio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Sentencia, adagio o refrán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo los vínculos dados en estas definiciones damos con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DgXmXNM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dicho, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Palabra o conjunto de palabras con que se expresa oralmente un concepto cabal. Dicho agudo, oportuno, intempestivo, malicioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0gbw6xc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adagio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Sentencia breve y, la mayoría de las veces, moral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xb6DGYA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sentencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. Ling. Oración gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que sí encaja, con el matiz de que según los ejemplos de &lt;em&gt;frase hecha&lt;/em&gt;, estas tampoco aceptarían cambios verbales de tiempo ni otro tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: ¿cuál sería la jerarquía de estas construcciones gramaticales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T21:40:56.443" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre locución, frase hecha, refrán y proverbio?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;&lt;proverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21542" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T18:06:04.447" Score="6" ViewCount="8366" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba buscando textos ejemplos cuando di con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blindtextgenerator.com/es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;determinada&lt;/a&gt; página, que mostraba en una porción de un texto ejemplo de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don Quijote&quot;: (...) le dijo: Sábete, Sancho, que no es (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sábete&quot; resulta muy extraño para mí. Yo usaría &quot;sepa&quot;, que supongo que sea el imperativo del verbo saber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber si es correcto usar esa expresión y cuáles serían los &lt;a href=&quot;http://reglasespanol.about.com/od/gramaticanivelprincipiante/a/accidentes-gramaticales-del-verbo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;accidentes gramaticales&lt;/a&gt; de este, y si hay alguna otra forma de expresar esa idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T19:25:23.603" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T18:39:49.460" Title="¿Está &quot;Sábete&quot; bien dicho?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21542" CreationDate="2017-07-19T18:46:08.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sabe&amp;quot; es de hecho la forma de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WsvRvUO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imperativo para &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; para segunda persona singular. &amp;quot;Sepa&amp;quot; es la tercera persona, que en imperativo solo se usa para el ustedeo. Desde luego lo normal habría sido usar en su lugar, por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Has de saber&lt;/strong&gt;, Sancho, que no es (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; resulta muy raro ahí. Yo podría decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprénde&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; las capitales de estos países&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No consigo aprender&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; las capitales de estos países&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del pronombre depende de si el verbo es transitivo, pronominal, estamos ante una acción reflexiva, etc. &amp;quot;Saber&amp;quot; puede funcionar como transitivo e intransitivo, pero yo la verdad no entiendo el uso de ese pronombre ahí, aún sin saber el resto de la frase. Ojo, no es que este mal, porque yo podría decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estúdia&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; las capitales de estos países y sábe&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;las de memoria para el día del examen, que es muy importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, eso es el Quijote, que es castellano antiguo, y no hablan exactamente como hablamos hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Si el enlace no se muestra bien, dale al botón azul de &amp;quot;conjugar&amp;quot; y mira la forma del imperativo al final de la página &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T20:34:29.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21540" CreationDate="2017-07-19T21:40:56.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes que nada, creo que debemos hacer una diferenciación elemental: las frases son sólo grupos de palabras, y las oraciones tienen sujeto y predicado. En general las locuciones y las frases hechas e idiomáticas serán frases, mientras que los dichos, refranes y proverbios serán oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única definición incluida en la pregunta que me resulta a todas luces clara es la de “locución”, definida como un conjunto de palabras que funciona como la palabra que la califica: la locución preposicional funciona como una preposición, la locución adverbial como un adverbio, la locución conjuntiva como una conjunción. Así, “de acuerdo con” es una locución preposicional equivalente a la preposición “según”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Frases hechas” y “frases idiomáticas” son términos bastante similares, atribuibles a combinaciones de palabras que se consideran “caprichosas” en el sentido de que no siguen las reglas habituales de conformación de frases. Así, decimos que estamos &lt;strong&gt;al sol&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;a la sombra&lt;/strong&gt;, pero que seguimos a alguien &lt;strong&gt;a sol y a sombra&lt;/strong&gt;. La ausencia del artículo delante de “sol” y de “sombra” es atípica y hace que la frase “seguir a alguien a sol y a sombra” sea hecha o idiomática (equivalente a las &lt;em&gt;set phrases&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;idioms&lt;/em&gt; del inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuando a los dichos, refranes y proverbios, me parece que este orden justamente refleja su gradual complejidad semántica: los dichos y refranes tienden a ser más simples, propios del saber popular, y los proverbios pueden ser más complejos, por su origen más literario y su selección de palabras más refinadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Con más tiempo, me gustaría completar la respuesta con más ejemplos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T21:40:56.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21760" CreationDate="2017-07-19T21:44:38.520" Score="8" ViewCount="865" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con este asunto de que la RAE aprobó el &lt;em&gt;iros&lt;/em&gt; como imperativo plural pronominal de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; me quedé pensando que, al menos en dialecto rioplatense, al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supletismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trío de raíces&lt;/a&gt; que forman el paradigma verbal de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; le hemos añadido una cuarta, sólo para el imperativo singular. No decimos &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;andáte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta principal: &lt;strong&gt;¿es esto así en otras áreas voseantes?&lt;/strong&gt; Y secundariamente a eso: ¿hay algún otro dialecto que añada raíces supletivas de esta manera al paradigma de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (el otro gran irregular)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T18:49:13.350" Title="Imperativo singular de “ir” en dialectos con voseo" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21551" CreationDate="2017-07-20T00:11:41.780" Score="1" ViewCount="10702" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080906073116AAP7mD9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;os&quot;?&lt;/a&gt; se dan un par de ejemplos en que en lugar de &quot;os&quot; se puede usar &quot;les&quot;, pero nunca se habla de &quot;los&quot;, que es como habitualmente usamos en donde vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es incorrecto usar &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; miramos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; miramos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; miramos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T13:48:12.850" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T16:36:13.850" Title="¿Es incorrecto usar &quot;los&quot; en lugar de &quot;os&quot; o &quot;les&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21525" CreationDate="2017-07-20T09:50:18.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, no es correcto.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pronunció Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/abrir-mejor-que-aperturar-944/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;, mejor que &lt;em&gt;aperturar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abrir, mejor que aperturar, es el verbo relacionado con el sustantivo apertura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los medios de comunicación está muy extendido el verbo aperturar: «Firman el contrato para aperturar la calle que da acceso a la Urbanización García Guillén», «Más de 600 mujeres en este municipio de Tierra Caliente necesitan recursos para aperturar o ampliar un negocio» o «Desde que el Grupo Dolle comenzó a aperturar tiendas de moda en el año 2014, su crecimiento se ha incrementado de forma notoria».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como indica el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, &lt;strong&gt;el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=EGIh7gTdAD6LGcbSxq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aperturar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, especialmente habitual en el lenguaje bancario, no está justificado&lt;/strong&gt;. Del mismo modo, el diccionario Clave señala que la utilización de aperturar es innecesaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en los ejemplos iniciales habría sido preferible escribir «Firman el contrato para construir la calle que da acceso a la Urbanización García Guillén», «Más de 600 mujeres en este municipio de Tierra Caliente necesitan recursos para abrir o ampliar un negocio» o «Desde que el Grupo Dolle comenzó a abrir/inaugurar tiendas de moda en el año 2014, su crecimiento se ha incrementado de forma notoria».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace interno nos lleva al Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=EGIh7gTdAD6LGcbSxq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apertura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. A partir del sustantivo apertura (‘acción de abrir’), se ha formado el verbo aperturar, que ha empezado a utilizarse en los últimos años como equivalente de abrir: «Ordeno que esos contenedores sean aperturados y revisados» (DHoy [Ec.] 8.7.97); «Ayer domingo la Cooperativa Agraria de Producción Casa Grande aperturó sus Terceros Juegos de Verano» (Comercio [Perú] 14.1.75). Es especialmente frecuente en el lenguaje bancario, donde se ha puesto de moda la expresión aperturar una cuenta, en lugar de abrir una cuenta. &lt;strong&gt;Su uso no está justificado y debe evitarse.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente leo en Diccionario de dudas el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.diccionariodedudas.com/aperturar-o-abrir/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aperturar o abrir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra correcta es abrir. No es apropiado emplear el término aperturar como equivalente del verbo abrir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo abrir se refiere a la acción de ‘descubrir o destapar algo que estaba oculto’, ‘iniciar una actividad’, ‘hacer algo patente o manifiesto’, ‘separar lo que estaba junto’, entre otras cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tal, aperturar es un verbo que deriva de la voz sustantiva apertura, que significa ‘acción de abrir’. Coloquialmente, la palabra ha venido imponiéndose en el lenguaje, sobre todo en el ámbito bancario, para hacer referencia al ‘acto de hacer apertura de una cuenta bancaria’, y de allí se ha ido extendiendo a otros ámbitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T09:50:18.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21542" CreationDate="2017-07-20T10:00:28.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma &lt;em&gt;sábete&lt;/em&gt; puede que nos suene ahora mal, y que la sustituyamos por &lt;em&gt;has de saber&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;que sepas&lt;/em&gt;, pero hubo un tiempo en que era la forma acostumbrada e incluso se puede encontrar en textos recientes. Buscando en el CORDE encuentro 315 casos en 150 documentos en textos que van desde el siglo XV hasta la actualidad. Te pongo algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Oh vieja Celestina! ¿Vas alegre? Sábete que la meitad está hecha cuando tienen buen principio las cosas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fernando de Rojas, &quot;La Celestina. Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea&quot;, c1499-1502 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Sábete de cierto que tu hermano y mi señor marido, el rey, será aquí muy presto, y, porque no tome ningún pesar ni sospecha de tu prisión, te quiero soltar de ella con que calles tu maldad, que yo te prometo, a fe de quien soy, de tener celada ni injuria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Timoneda, &quot;El Patrañuelo&quot;, 1566 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dime con quién andas, hijo, y diréte quién eres; cada oveja con su pareja; sábete, hijo, que de la mano a la boca se pierde la sopa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;La vida del Buscón llamado don Pablos&quot;, 1626 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Te falta la salud? Pues, caballero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De todo tu dinero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nobleza, juventud y poderío&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sábete que me río:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Trata de recobrarla, pues perdida,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿De qué sirven los bienes de esta vida?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Félix María de Samaniego, &quot;Fábulas&quot;, 1781-1784 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pues sábete que Lucía quiere desde que estaba chiquita a un hermano de Braulio que pronto vendrá; y no te quepa duda, porque Tránsito me lo ha contado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jorge Isaacs, &quot;María&quot;, 1867 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Sábete de una vez por todas que pienso pagarme lo que le hicieron a Odilón, sea quien sea el que lo mató.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Rulfo, &quot;El llano en llamas&quot;, 1953 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El CREA tan solo me encuentra 4 casos en 4 documentos, pongo el más reciente como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡Engendro fallido! Del demonio será, y sábete que no es el primero, tú no sabes nada, chata. ¡Nada!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eladia González, &quot;Quién como Dios&quot;, 1999 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya ha apuntado Diego, &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt; es el imperativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; para la segunda persona del singular. Suena raro por infrecuente, la primera vez que vi escrito este tiempo fue en la novela &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shogun_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Shogun&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Si no recuerdo mal, en la traducción al español se usa así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—[...] pero sabe que esta noche soy tuya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, otras formas de expresar esta misma idea hoy día serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sábete, Sancho, que no es un hombre más que otro si no hace más que otro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que sepas, Sancho, que no es un hombre más que otro si no hace más que otro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Has de saber, Sancho, que no es un hombre más que otro si no hace más que otro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Sabes qué, Sancho? No es un hombre más que otro si no hace más que otro.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T10:12:06.473" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T10:12:06.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21550" CreationDate="2017-07-20T10:27:45.387" Score="10" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de una jornada en Portugal donde pasé unos días en un grupo que incluía, entre otros, una mujer de Austria. En portugués, la palabra es &lt;em&gt;austríaca&lt;/em&gt;, y al llegar a España y hablar de este grupo (bien por influencia del portugués bien por quizás así haberlo aprendido en castellano), usé esta misma palabra solo para que un amigo mío, natural de España, me corrigiese, indicando la forma «correcta» de &lt;em&gt;austriaca&lt;/em&gt; (sin tilde).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que, en el DRAE, figuran las dos formas, pero el DPD carece de entrada sobre el gentilicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, mi pregunta llega a ser la siguiente: &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué determina el empleo de una u otra forma?&lt;/strong&gt; Si es geografía/dialecto, ¿dónde prevalece cada forma? ¿O podría ser registro o período&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; histórico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Período/periodo es otra palabra que presenta una parecida variación que tal vez merecería otra pregunta.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T11:47:40.090" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:47:40.090" Title="Gentilicio para Austria ¿Qué determina el empleo de una u otra forma?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21549" CreationDate="2017-07-20T13:13:05.847" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario panhispánico de dudas tiene una entrada sobre esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxX7DyBYND6GTUSZdW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-íaco -ca&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;-iaco -ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Sufijo que forma adjetivos que indican relación con lo designado por el sustantivo base: elegíaco o elegiaco (‘de la elegía’), austríaco o austriaco (‘de Austria’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero lo importante viene en el 2.º punto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. La acentuación etimológica latina es &lt;em&gt;-íaco&lt;/em&gt; [í - a - ko], con hiato entre las dos vocales en contacto; pero también es correcta la acentuación llana &lt;em&gt;-iaco&lt;/em&gt; [iá - ko], con diptongo en lugar de hiato. En el español americano, la norma culta prefiere la acentuación esdrújula ([maníako]); en el español de España es más corriente la pronunciación llana ([maniáko]). Se recomienda adecuar la grafía a la pronunciación, de modo que quien pronuncie un hiato escriba &lt;em&gt;-íaco&lt;/em&gt; y quien pronuncie un diptongo escriba &lt;em&gt;-iaco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que tu duda parece quedar resuelta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En Hispanoamérica generalmente dirán &lt;em&gt;austríaco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En España generalmente dirán &lt;em&gt;austriaco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:46:21.097" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21546" CreationDate="2017-07-20T13:29:51.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta corta: no, no es incorrecto. El uso del pronombre &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;) para el complemento directo masculino nunca es incorrecto, aunque en algunos casos se pueda aceptar el uso de &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nos encontramos en este caso es el llamado &lt;em&gt;dativo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt;, que es una forma habitual de leísmo. Es bastante frecuente que un hablante utilice las formas &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; para el objeto directo cuando se refieren a usted o ustedes; es decir, cuando funcionan como pronombres de segunda persona y no de tercera. En muchas zonas (España y también algunos lugares de América) esta práctica está tan extendida que casi nadie usa los pronombres acusativos (&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;) para este caso, por lo que un hablante de estas zonas tenderá a obviarlos o incluso los considerará incorrectos. Pero no lo son.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente, también hay muchos hablantes que usan &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; para un complemento directo de tercera persona, pero no es tan habitual como este caso y no creo que en este caso se pueda producir el error de rechazar los pronombres acusativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T13:29:51.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21542" CreationDate="2017-07-20T18:39:49.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien estoy de acuerdo con las respuestas anteriores, se me antoja que la pregunta encierra algo más: ¿puede un verbo aparentemente involuntario como “saber” utilizarse en imperativo? He aquí mi respuesta: muchas veces los verbos involuntarios como “dormir”, “soñar”, “ver”, “oír”, etc. adoptan un uso voluntario que permite su uso en imperativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Duérmete, mi niño.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sueña cosas lindas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vé qué hermosa que está (aquí sería más apropiado decir “mira”).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oye el canto de los pájaros (aquí sería más apropiado decir “escucha”).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos casos en que se me ocurre que puede utilizarse “Sábete” en el español contemporáneo corresponden al “uso voluntario” de las dos primeras acepciones de ese verbo en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Tener noticia o conocimiento de algo. &lt;em&gt;Supimos que se había casado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Estar instruido en algo. &lt;em&gt;Sabe química.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos respectivos serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sábete afortunado. (Considérate afortunado, Entérate de que eres un afortunado)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sábete bien la lección. (Apréndete bien la lección, Estudia bien la lección)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos dos posibles significados son, a mi entender, los únicos que se aceptarían para “Sábete” en el español moderno, y para diferenciarlos resulta muy útil la sintaxis del pronombre enclítico que acompaña al verbo. En (1), “te” es reflexivo: “Sabe que &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; eres afortunado”, mientras que en (2) “te” es un dativo ético, asociado a la completitud de la acción, como si dijéramos: “Apréndetela toda”. El uso del “Sábete” de la pregunta, que no existe en el español moderno, tiene la curiosidad de combinar el significado de (1) (“saber” como “enterarse, anoticiarse”) con el dativo ético de (2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T18:39:49.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-20T19:07:37.023" Score="6" ViewCount="771" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la lengua, en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pebbaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;callar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recoge la expresión  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calla y cuez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. expr. U. para recomendar a alguien que atienda al trabajo útil sin perder el tiempo en cosas fútiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el diccionario no tiene una entrada para &lt;strong&gt;cuez&lt;/strong&gt;, ni los diccionarios anteriores consultados por medio del NTLLE. En el CORDE solo aparece 13 veces;  todas ellas parecen formas del verbo &lt;strong&gt;cocer&lt;/strong&gt; como en &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... quando el agua se &lt;strong&gt;cuez&lt;/strong&gt; con carne o con pescado ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Únicamente aparece un caso análogo, del Libro de refranes, de Pedro Vallés (1549):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;770&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calla / cuez&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me plantea ¿cuál es el significado de &lt;strong&gt;cuez&lt;/strong&gt;, y cómo una palabra / expresión tan (aparentemente) poco utilizadas están en el diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-29T18:35:19.850" LastActivityDate="2020-03-29T21:43:09.807" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;cuez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21558" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-21T02:11:41.753" Score="2" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;How egregious of an error is it to use 'lo' instead of 'le' or vice-versa (for example, saying 'yo le veo' instead of 'yo lo veo')? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, is this more notable of an error than using the wrong gender for a noun? Sometimes I notice that native Spanish speakers confuse the two, but I'm not sure how 'wrong' it sounds to other native speakers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also like to know how silly I sound to others when I make little errors like this. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17224" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T02:45:13.847" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T02:48:02.730" Title="'Le' vs. 'lo': how big of a deal is it to confuse the two?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21558" CreationDate="2017-07-21T02:42:51.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is this more notable of an error than using the wrong gender for a noun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. If you use the wrong gender for a word native Spanish speakers are going to notice immediately. On the other hand, as you know, with &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt; people may be using the wrong form without noticing. Using the wrong gender is a more blatant error. &lt;em&gt;Leísmo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt; are something you can definitely get away with or that may even go unnoticed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish version of wikipedia for leísmo&lt;/a&gt; has much more info than its &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English sibling&lt;/a&gt;. If you read it you can see how it is described as a &quot;dialectal variation&quot; and it is quite pervasive in certain areas (that you may find listed on the Spanish version of the wikipedia entry. See &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo#Dialectos_le.C3.ADstas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dialectos leístas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is definitely not a big deal. See how there are even regions that favor these forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T02:48:02.730" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T02:48:02.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21476" CreationDate="2017-07-21T16:08:04.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿colega ciclista? ¿colega moderador?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dixit RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;colega&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. collēga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Compañero en un colegio, iglesia, corporación o ejercicio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Amigo, compañero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T16:08:04.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21546" CreationDate="2017-07-21T16:36:13.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si nos ponemos estrictos, mirar va con un objeto directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo miro el televisor ---&amp;gt; yo lo miro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo miro la televisión ---&amp;gt; yo la miro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no con un objeto indirecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*yo le miro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay zonas donde este uso de le (llamado leísmo) está muy extendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;los y os son ambos (entre otras cosas) pronombres de objeto directo (o &amp;quot;acusativos&amp;quot;), pero los corresponde a ellos, y os a vosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ustedes, va siempre con verbos y pronombres de tercera persona del plural (ellos/ellas), por lo tanto, lo correcto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo os miro a vosotros  (en España se considera informal, en Argentina no se usa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo los miro a ustedes  (en España se considera formal, en Argentina es la única forma)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo las miro a ustedes  (si hablamos con un grupo exclusivamente de mujeres)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede haber zonas donde esto se mezcle por distintos motivos, pero esa sería la base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15240" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T16:36:13.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21562" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21567" CreationDate="2017-07-21T17:21:58.890" Score="2" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the natural way to translate 'good time to talk', as in a phone conversation that you would like to have with a friend later? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, how would you say '5pm is a good time to talk for me' in Spanish? To translate it literally sounds a little awkward: 'Las 5 es un buen momento para hablar por mi'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17224" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T04:08:55.500" Title="Translate 'good time to talk'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21562" CreationDate="2017-07-21T18:30:32.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;direct&amp;quot; translation is actually the form used in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las 5 es un buen momento para hablar para mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use other forms, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me viene mejor hablar a las 5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefería hablar a las 5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te viene bien hablar ahora (when calling someone on the phone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T18:53:16.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2017-07-21T20:12:21.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre que surge esta polémica lingüística me pesan como losas los tercetos del soneto X de Garcilaso, “Dulces Prendas”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Oh dulces prendas, por mi mal halladas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dulces y alegres cuando Dios quería,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    juntas estáis en la memoria mía,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y con ella en mi muerte conjuradas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;   ¿Quién me dijera, cuando en las pasadas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  horas en tanto bien por vos me vía,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que me habíais de ser en algún día&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con tan grave dolor representadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;   Pues en un hora junto me llevastes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  todo el bien que por términos me distes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  llevadme junto el mal que me dejastes.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;   Si no, sospecharé que me pusistes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en tantos bienes porque deseastes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  verme morir entre memorias tristes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Dejemos, pues, tranquilos a los que en estos casos usan con naturalidad las eses finales.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tirardelengua.wordpress.com/2011/11/24/soneto-x-oh-dulces-prendas-por-mi-mal-halladas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://tirardelengua.wordpress.com/2011/11/24/soneto-x-oh-dulces-prendas-por-mi-mal-halladas/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17241" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-07-23T22:25:09.090" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T22:25:09.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21562" CreationDate="2017-07-21T22:34:21.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile, in an informal situation, we prefer to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí las 5 es &lt;em&gt;buena hora para hablar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However (as Diego thinks) that is a direct translation that we would not use. Instead we would probably say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me acomoda&lt;/em&gt; que hablemos a las 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A las 5 &lt;em&gt;está bien&lt;/em&gt; que hablemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in more formal situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, las 5 es una &lt;em&gt;hora adecuada&lt;/em&gt; para que hablemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T22:34:21.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21562" CreationDate="2017-07-22T04:08:55.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'5pm is a good time to talk for me'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what my ear recommends for Mexico -- I don't know about other places.  It would be more polite to pose a question.  Culturally, others will understand that even though you are expressing yourself in a question, you are still making your preference understood.  I have heard people from various parts of the Caribbean and Africa use this approach when talking in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is similar to something we do in English -- notice that &amp;quot;It would be more polite&amp;quot; is softer than &amp;quot;It is more polite.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, a couple of simple versions would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podemos hablar a las 5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podríamos vernos a las 5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te puedo llamar como a las 5?  &lt;em&gt;(Can I call you at around 5?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know the person well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me llamas a las 5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te llamo a las 5, ¿está bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Vas a estar disponible a las 5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two verbs that would be a bit more precise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quedar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not finding the right definition in Linguée or DRAE, unfortunately.  You would use this verb to say that a certain shirt fits you well (in terms of size) or that it combines well (in terms of color) with a certain pair of pants or that it suits you (in terms of style).  In scheduling, it would mean that a certain time would be &lt;em&gt;comfortable&lt;/em&gt; for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;convenir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suit (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=convenir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguée&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the following would be a bit more formal (but not to the point of being stuffy) than the earlier proposals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Lo puedo llamar más tarde?  ¿Le quedaría bien a las 5 de la tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podríamos platicar [conversar] más tarde?  Le conviene [convendría] llamarme como a las cinco?  &lt;em&gt;(Could we talk later?  Would around 5:00 be convenient?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also express regret and say when you'll free up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, ando un poco apurado/a ahorita pero voy a estar disponible a partir de las 5. &lt;em&gt;(I'm sorry, I'm in a bit of a hurry just now but I'll be available any time from 5 on.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T04:08:55.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21569" CreationDate="2017-07-22T08:12:21.027" Score="8" ViewCount="4133" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YqUtnyM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sutil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;subtīlis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Delgado, delicado, tenue.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Agudo, perspicaz, ingenioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y es &lt;strong&gt;aguda&lt;/strong&gt; (acento en la última sílaba, sin tilde porque no acaba en &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; o vocal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las otras palabras que recoge el diccionario de la lengua con la misma terminación: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bCSFzkP%7CbCTJISY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;útil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M1HoNHK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inútil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=If2oY1t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fútil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LIrx4hr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inconsútil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; son todas &lt;strong&gt;llanas&lt;/strong&gt; (acento en la penúltima sílaba, con tilde porque no acaban en &quot;n&quot;, &quot;s&quot; o vocal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué &lt;strong&gt;sutil&lt;/strong&gt; es diferente (aguda)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T10:21:21.253" Title="¿Por qué la palabra &quot;sutil&quot; es aguda?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21568" CreationDate="2017-07-22T10:21:21.253" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta te la da la propia RAE en la grafía de las palabras latinas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en &lt;em&gt;subt&lt;strong&gt;ī&lt;/strong&gt;lis&lt;/em&gt;, lo que hay sobre la primera «i» es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macr%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;macrón&lt;/a&gt;, que en latín moderno se usa para marcar las vocales largas;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por el contrario, en &lt;em&gt;ut&lt;strong&gt;ĭ&lt;/strong&gt;lis&lt;/em&gt; y demás contraejemplos que has puesto, la «i» está marcada con un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breve_(signo_diacr%C3%ADtico)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acento breve&lt;/a&gt;, que indica que es una vocal breve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín, las &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguaeantiquae.wordpress.com/2012/11/18/normas-de-acentuacion/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;normas de acentuación&lt;/a&gt; dicen que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Son llanas las palabras cuya penúltima sílaba es larga.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Son esdrújulas las palabras cuya penúltima sílaba es breve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las vocales pueden ser largas (-) o breves(˘) por naturaleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una sílaba es larga por naturaleza cuando contiene una vocal larga o un diptongo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una sílaba es larga por posición si contiene una vocal breve cerrada, es decir, seguida de dos o más consonantes, así como de z (=cs) y z (=ds).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una sílaba es breve cuando termina por vocal breve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atendiendo a lo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;de todas las palabras que has puesto, &lt;em&gt;sutil&lt;/em&gt; es la única que en latín tenía el acento en la «i»; todas las demás lo tenían en la «u» de la sílaba precedente&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ese motivo, hoy &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sutil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es aguda, y las demás llanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T10:21:21.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14906" CreationDate="2017-07-22T12:02:40.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra CHEVERE es de origen VENEZOLANO, tienes sus orígenes en el siglo 20 en la zona central del país como Caracas, La Victoria, Maracay, Valencia y Pto. cabello. Fue conjugada para referirse a las noCHE VEnezolana de buenas RElaciones, osea buenas fiestas, sitios, personas y fines de semana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17246" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T12:02:40.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21574" CreationDate="2017-07-22T16:25:51.077" Score="1" ViewCount="67780" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído que &amp;quot;todos&amp;quot; puede ser considerado determinante, pronombre indefinido y que a veces tiene &amp;quot;valor adverbial&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de palabra es &lt;strong&gt;todos&lt;/strong&gt; en estas oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros todos hemos estado estudiando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos nosotros hemos estado estudiando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta oración ya tiene un pronombre, por lo que supongo que no será un pronombre indefinido aquí. ¿O me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-09T11:43:39.100" LastActivityDate="2020-07-10T18:45:24.253" Title="¿Qué tipo de palabra es &quot;todos&quot; en la oración &quot;Nosotros todos hemos estado estudiando&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21572" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21577" CreationDate="2017-07-22T17:52:57.927" Score="4" ViewCount="3477" Body="&lt;p&gt;En uno de los &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; recientes, era necesario traducir la típica locución inglesa «&lt;em&gt;nothing but&lt;/em&gt;», que normalmente se traduce como «nada excepto» o «nada salvo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/revisions/21529/1&quot;&gt;una de las respuestas&lt;/a&gt; proponía traducirla como «nada mas», usando &lt;strong&gt;mas&lt;/strong&gt; sin tilde en su significado de «pero»; es decir, una traducción literal que, no obstante, suena bastante bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sería correcta esta traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-22T19:09:44.810" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T10:31:17.930" Title="¿Es correcto traducir «nothing but &lt;x&gt;» como «nada mas &lt;x&gt;»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21572" CreationDate="2017-07-22T18:00:46.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como traducción literal &quot;funciona&quot;, pero el significado se pierde totalmente. En español la expresión &quot;nada pero X&quot;, que es completamente equivalente, no tiene ningún significado; en cambio, &quot;nada excepto&quot; o &quot;nada salvo&quot;, como tú sugieres, mantienen el significado inglés. Así pues, yo no la daría por válida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T18:00:46.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21571" CreationDate="2017-07-22T18:03:32.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo interpreto que es un adjetivo. Está afinando el significado de &amp;quot;nosotros&amp;quot; para asegurar que son todos los posibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Todo&amp;quot; como adverbio es un caso menos frecuente, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Soy todo oídos&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí puedes ver una explicación muy detallada de las diferentes posibilidades.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://zonaele.com/todo-toda-todos-y-todas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://zonaele.com/todo-toda-todos-y-todas/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2020-07-09T08:36:41.630" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T08:36:41.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21572" CreationDate="2017-07-23T01:59:28.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Cuidado! Ésta pregunta es mucho más interesante de lo que parece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A primera vista estás simplemente traduciendo palabra por palabra y perdiendo el significado de una expresión. Pero &lt;em&gt;&quot;mas&quot;&lt;/em&gt; tiene, entre otros, el significado que intentas aplicar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es correcto decir &quot;la caja no tiene nada más que basura&quot;. esto añade un &quot;no&quot; y un &quot;que&quot;, haciendo la expresión más larga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al menos en México, puedes decir &quot;la caja tiene nada mas basura&quot;. El problema es que ésta construcción corresponde a &quot;the box has &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; trash&quot;. No sé si la expresión original tenía este sentido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si &quot;nada mas&quot; es aceptable, se puede considerar la contracción &quot;nomás&quot;, y ésa estoy seguro solo se usa en México. De acuerdo a las reglas de translation-golf, esto requeriría revisar el resto de la traducción para asegurar que se usa el mismo dialecto en todas partes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T01:59:28.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21572" CreationDate="2017-07-23T02:54:13.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta simple a tu pregunta: Sí es correcto traducirlo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este es el problema de querer traducir algo literalmente sin pensar en cómo se dicen las expresiones  normalmente en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira unos de los usos más comunes de &lt;strong&gt;nothing but&lt;/strong&gt; en Inglés, y cómo lo podrías decir en Español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but lies. &lt;strong&gt;puras mentiras.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but thieves. &lt;strong&gt;ladronzuelos,&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;simples ladrones.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but trouble. &lt;strong&gt;no dan sino problemas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but the truth. &lt;strong&gt;nada más que la verdad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but the blood (of Jesus) &lt;strong&gt;sólo (de Jesús) la sangre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but a good time &lt;strong&gt;sólo pasarla bien&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;nada más que pasarla bien.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nothing but net. &lt;strong&gt;limpia&lt;/strong&gt; (hablando de baloncesto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, hay muchas formas de decir algo apropiadamente en Inglés, y también en Español. Dilo de una forma expresiva según el contexto, no sólo palabra por palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7128" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T02:54:13.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21572" CreationDate="2017-07-23T10:31:17.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como aludido voy a responder yo también. Sí que es cierto que en su momento no me sonó mal, pero luego investigando un poco vi que &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt; tienen una ligera diferencia en sus significados. Así, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWE2P4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; puede equivaler a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XywVM1a%7CXywriSz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en su cuarta acepción. Y la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[No había] nada sino rocas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es correcta. ¿El problema? Que en esa frase se usa la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;U. para contraponer un concepto afirmativo a otro negativo anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de frase con &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt; usando esa cuarta acepción de &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;denota adición de otro u otros miembros a la cláusula&quot;) sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No solo lo hizo Juan, mas también Pedro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE tampoco he encontrado ningún ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;nada mas&lt;/em&gt; con el significado propuesto. Así pues, resumiendo yo mismo acabé descartando la validez de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T10:31:17.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21579" CreationDate="2017-07-23T11:13:02.417" Score="3" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;En otras preguntas se ha tratado el tema de la sinalefa. Sin embargo, de vez en cuando me topo con algún verso que concatena hasta tres palabras juntas en una misma sinalefa. El último ejemplo lo he encontrado en una canción de la película &lt;em&gt;Vaiana&lt;/em&gt; (sí, esta es otra de mis preguntas basadas en las pelis que veo con mis hijos). En esta, el personaje de Tamatoa canta lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maui, tío,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lo puedes intentar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero nunca antes un semidiós&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ganó a un decápodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejando de lado el hecho de que consiguen rimar &lt;em&gt;semidiós&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;decápodo&lt;/em&gt; usando el ritmo de la canción (suena como &lt;em&gt;dekápodó&lt;/em&gt;), ese último verso se pronuncia así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ga-nóaun-de-cá-po-do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que se enlazan vocales de hasta tres palabras. La cuestión es ¿hay algún límite? ¿O podemos enlazar todos los sonidos vocálicos que queramos en una misma sinalefa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿cuáles son las sinalefas más largas que se hayan escrito en poesía o canciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-23T11:35:13.423" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T14:22:04.243" Title="¿Hay algún límite a la hora de concatenar vocales en un verso?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21578" CreationDate="2017-07-23T14:22:04.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como todo en poesía, va a depender mucho de la manera que tenga cada cual de pronunciar, y de las licencias que se tome el autor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más parecido a una fuente oficial que he encontrado, es &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Diptongo-triptongo-hiato-sinalefa.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«La posibilidad de la sinalefa con más de dos vocales depende de que éstas se hallen en serie de abertura creciente o decreciente, o de que las más abiertas estén en el centro de la sílaba como ápice silábico de ella: las más cerradas están en posición explosiva o implosiva, en la tensión o en la distensión, respectivamente.»&lt;/em&gt; [Gili Gaya, Samuel: Elementos de fonética general. Madrid: Gredos, 1966, p. 117]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«La posibilidad de juntarse por sinalefa varias vocales españolas depende de que formen serie de abertura creciente (iea) o decreciente (aei); o de que las de articulación más cerrada se hallen en los extremos de la sílaba, y las más abiertas en el centro. Por ejemplo, en&lt;/em&gt; salió a esperarlo &lt;em&gt;se juntan cuatro vocales, porque la articulación se abre progresivamente i-o-a, y luego se cierra en e. En la frase&lt;/em&gt; esta o aquella &lt;em&gt;no pueden unirse las tres vocales porque la o es más cerrada que las dos aes en que está intercalada, y exige un nuevo impulso articulatorio, es decir, una sílaba distinta. Cabe, por lo tanto, definir en este sentido la sílaba como el conjunto de sonidos comprendidos entre dos depresiones de la articulación.»&lt;/em&gt; [Gili Gaya, o. cit., p. 95-96]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo que se deduce, como digo, que va a depender de qué palabras sean y de como sean pronunciadas las vocales en cuestión (abriendo o cerrando más de lo habitual para conseguir el efecto...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T14:22:04.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21590" CreationDate="2017-07-23T14:43:35.187" Score="15" ViewCount="895" Body="&lt;p&gt;En frases negativas es relativamente habitual el uso de «so» como refuerzo, por ejemplo en &lt;em&gt;«¡Deja de tocar, &lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt; manazas!»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si consultamos el significado en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y38uhep&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Contracc. de &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adv. U. para potenciar el significado del adjetivo o del sustantivo al que antecede, generalmente con sentido despectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que viene de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xcb6mEb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y éste a su vez de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcbtfmF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y éste, finalmente, de &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcBNzxH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;señor, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  18. adj. coloq. Antepuesto a algunos nombres, sirve para encarecer su entidad. &lt;em&gt;Se hizo una señora herida. Se compró una señora casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que, curiosamente, se puede usar exactamente para lo mismo que «so», pero en frases positivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esta evolución de una palabra a otra para significados peyorativos y no para los positivos, cuando el significado era el mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-23T20:33:11.277" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T11:26:43.663" Title="¿Por qué «señor» evolucionó a «so» para reforzar lo negativo, pero se mantuvo como «señor» para reforzar lo positivo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T01:07:49.440" Score="6" ViewCount="13135" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quizás&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tal vez&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuándo se usa cada uno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿el uso de cada uno depende de la región, depende de lo que estás tratando de comunicar, es una cuestión de gusto, o algo más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17224" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T02:08:08.657" Title="¿Diferencia entre quizá, quizás y tal vez?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21583" CreationDate="2017-07-24T02:08:08.657" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Son todos sinónimos. Existe inclusive uno que es estilísticamente más poético: &lt;em&gt;acaso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única diferencia de uso entre &quot;quizás&quot; y &quot;quizá&quot; es que el primero, además de ser de uso más frecuente, resulta ser la mejor opción cuando la palabra que sigue comienza con vocal. De lo contrario, se produciría el encuentro cacofónico de dos vocales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quizá&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; hagamos algo juntos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quizá&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; ése sea el mejor camino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quizá&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; organicen una fiesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la palabra que sigue comienza con consonante, el uso de &quot;quizás&quot; o &quot;quizá&quot; es indistinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T02:08:08.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21587" CreationDate="2017-07-24T04:00:51.150" Score="9" ViewCount="1352" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en español algún término con el significado de &lt;code&gt;viajar diariamente de casa al trabajo (o del trabajo hasta casa)&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés existe el término &lt;code&gt;Commute&lt;/code&gt;, tiene el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to travel back and forth regularly (as between a suburb and a city)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/commute&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Merrian-Webster&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(intr) to travel some distance &lt;strong&gt;regularly&lt;/strong&gt; between one's home and one's place of &lt;strong&gt;work&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/commute&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español suele usarse la fórmula &amp;quot;camino del trabajo/ camino a casa&amp;quot;, pero me gustaría saber si existe un término como &lt;code&gt;commute&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a two-hour commute today due to the traffic &lt;sub&gt; Me ha costado dos horas llegar al trabajo (o a casa) por culpa del tráfico&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read during my commute &lt;sub&gt;Leo durante mi viaje a casa/al trabajo&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work from home, so I can say good bye to that horrible communte &lt;sub&gt;Ahora trabajo desde casa, así que ahora puedo decirle adiós a esos horribles viajes de ida y vuelta al trabajo&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My commute is easier on the way home &lt;sub&gt;Mi viaje de vuelta a casa desde el trabajo es más fácil que el de camino al trabajo&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy consciente de que la traducción formal de &amp;quot;commute&amp;quot; sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraci%C3%B3n_pendular&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;migración pendular&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, pero creo que es un término que nadie usaría realmente para describir la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uf, mi &lt;em&gt;migración pendular&lt;/em&gt; me ha llevado dos horas hoy por el tráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Migro pendularmente&lt;/em&gt; cogiendo el 88 y luego la línea roja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún otro término más &amp;quot;dulce&amp;quot; para el oído que describa la acción de viajar diariamente del trabajo a casa o viceversa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T18:22:00.427" Title="Traducción de &quot;Commute&quot;: Ir diariamente de casa al trabajo y viceversa" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21580" CreationDate="2017-07-24T09:30:56.067" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasó con &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; fue, posiblemente (no puedo corroborarlo), que conforme se fue corrompiendo la palabra se fue vaciando de su significado original para significar otra cosa diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se nota, eso sí, que su origen es el que es dado que &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; se puede reemplazar por &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; y la frase mantiene su sentido, aunque el insulto posterior pierde fuerza (como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;so mequetrefe&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;señor mequetrefe&lt;/em&gt;), y en algunos casos incluso pasa de ser un insulto a ser un apelativo neutro (como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;so payaso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;señor payaso&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE apariciones de &lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt;, la primera etapa de la conversión, encuentro una mayoría de casos en los que se usa como una simple corrupción de &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;seor leyente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seor hidalgo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seor Antoñico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seor alguacil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seor doctor&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), y muy pocos casos en los que se use ante un insulto (&lt;em&gt;seor mequetrefe&lt;/em&gt; [c1637]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la segunda etapa de la conversión encuentro menos casos, pero parece que ya hay menos desigualdad entre el número de casos positivos (&lt;em&gt;seó licenciado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seó sacristán&lt;/em&gt;) y negativos (&lt;em&gt;seó trasto&lt;/em&gt; [1828-1870]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez una prueba de este proceso de pérdida del significado original se encuentra en que la palabra &lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt; todavía tenía su versión femenina en &lt;em&gt;seora&lt;/em&gt;, mientra que &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt; ya no tiene versión femenina y se usa exclusivamente en masculino. Esto debió ayudar definitivamente al vaciado del significado previo. Podemos comprobar esto en las ediciones históricas del diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt; aparece ya en el diccionario de autoridades (tomo S-Z, 1739). Equivale completamente a &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt; y es de uso familiar. Su versión femenina, &lt;em&gt;seora&lt;/em&gt;, aparece (curiosamente) por primera vez en el DLE en 1884.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt; aparece en el DLE por primera vez en 1852. No se le conoce ninguna contrapartida femenina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; obviamente aparece desde muy antiguo con su significado como preposición (equivalente a &lt;em&gt;bajo&lt;/em&gt;), e incluso como interjección para hacer detener a los caballos ya desde el de Autoridades. Sin embargo, su significado como contracción de &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt; aparece en el DLE en 1899, especificando que &quot;se usa solamente seguido de adjetivos despectivos con los cuales se increpa a alguna persona&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, la línea temporal según el DLE sería &lt;em&gt;seor&lt;/em&gt; (1739) → &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt; (1852) → &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; (1899). Se ve que ya a finales del siglo XIX se usaba &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; con el mismo fin que hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hubo ademanes violentos, y un cuerpo cayó... Llegaba en esto corriendo otra figura humana, que venía también del hotel por la escalera, e interponiéndose, se inclinó para recoger a Lucía. Miranda accionaba, y con voz ronca, estrangulada y tartajosa de rabia, decía, dando al diablo todo su porte cortesano:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Fuera de ahí, so tío... so entrometido... ¿usted que... qué tiene que ver?... Yo la abo... la abofeteo, porque pu... pu... puedo y me da la gana... Soy su marido. Si no se va usted, le parto por la mitad... le abro en canal...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &lt;em&gt;Un viaje de novios&lt;/em&gt;, 1881 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos encontrados en textos del siglo XIX: &lt;em&gt;so indecentes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=auH5lYw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tunante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so pillo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoWtFfy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (según el DLE, usada en femenino &lt;em&gt;tía&lt;/em&gt; puede significar &quot;prostituta&quot;), &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1ea0i3k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcornoque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so bandido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6t0tahJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calzonudos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so animal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so pringoso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Oe49rmt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GU6k7Uu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espantajo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O5tvhB7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mamarracho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;so &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SF5U7xU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T11:26:43.663" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T11:26:43.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21585" CreationDate="2017-07-24T10:48:59.017" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE me responde a &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/889366028114964480&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la pregunta que le he hecho en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; afirmando que &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/889751852660776961&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no existe ningún término&lt;/a&gt; en español que exprese por sí solo lo que expresa la voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;commute&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/889752575293128704&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;propone expresiones&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;desplazamiento al centro de trabajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte creo que la expresión que suelo usar es &lt;em&gt;trayecto de casa al trabajo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;del trabajo a casa&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, por contexto se puede sobreentender parte de la expresión, y por tanto se puede hablar de &quot;los trayectos al trabajo&quot; (se entiende que desde casa) o &quot;los trayectos a casa&quot; o &quot;de vuelta a casa&quot; (se entiende que desde el trabajo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado en el CREA un par de usos en prensa de esta expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los secuestradores lo detuvieron en una carretera, disfrazados de Carabineros, en el trayecto de su trabajo a su casa; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Proceso, 07/07/1996 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los poseedores de una N-Gage ya pueden encarnar a un audaz agente secreto durante su trayecto al trabajo en el autobús.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País. Ciberpaís, 15/04/2004 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese como en este último caso se ha omitido la parte de &lt;em&gt;desde casa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso concreto de la palabra &lt;em&gt;trayecto&lt;/em&gt; sobre otras como &lt;em&gt;viaje&lt;/em&gt;, me remito a la definición de trayecto, que no puede ser más simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aXwbasB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trayecto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;trajet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Espacio que se recorre o puede recorrerse de un punto a otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Acción de recorrer un trayecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que el hecho de que los puntos de inicio y partida de dicho espacio recorrido sean siempre los mismos puede favorecer esta expresión. En todo caso, no es la única. Te pongo otros ejemplos (Andalusian mode on):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had a two-hour commute today due to the traffic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;No veah, quillo, doh horah de atahco hoy de camino al trabaho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [O, si estás en el trabajo:] &lt;em&gt;Tío, doh horah de atahco pa vení pacá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T08:01:11.363" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T08:01:11.363" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21549" CreationDate="2017-07-24T13:08:58.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los comentarios a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21550/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; se generó un bonito intercambio de impresiones sobre qué lugares usan uno u otro vocablo. Dado que la realidad parece más heterogénea de lo que indica el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, animo a que cada uno liste a continuación los lugares donde se usa una u otra opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Lugares donde se pronuncia &lt;strong&gt;austríaco&lt;/strong&gt; (con tilde)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España → allí donde hay influencia catalana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España → allí donde hay influencia gallega.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Lugares donde se pronuncia &lt;strong&gt;austriaco&lt;/strong&gt; (sin tilde)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España → allí donde no hay otra lengua cooficial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T14:29:36.303" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T14:29:36.303" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-24T13:08:58.057" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21580" CreationDate="2017-07-24T15:56:22.480" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que al ser &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; una degradación de &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;, puede haber sido usado en el pasado por las personas más humildes o incultas (como ocurre en Chile con las palabras &quot;ño&quot; e &quot;iñor&quot;, que forman parte del estereotipo del campesino bruto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces los esnobs del pasado tal vez usaron el &lt;em&gt;so&lt;/em&gt; con un valor peyorativo despectivo. Por ejemplo, puedo suponer que &lt;em&gt;señor boticario&lt;/em&gt; es más prestigioso que &lt;em&gt;so boticario&lt;/em&gt;. Y habiéndose convertido en una palabra negativa y más o menos sarcástica, no sería difícil que sirviera para intensificar lo negativo, dejándose &quot;señor&quot; para intensificar lo positivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T15:56:22.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21595" CreationDate="2017-07-24T17:13:21.060" Score="5" ViewCount="1285" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I came across two words – &quot;lastimar&quot; and &quot;herir&quot; – that, according to my dictionary, both translate to &quot;to hurt&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some research I found out that some people believe that one simply is stronger than the other, while other people are convinced that one can only be used for physical damage and the other only for emotional damage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found another person saying that &quot;lastimar&quot; is very old-fashioned and hardly used anymore and &quot;herir&quot; is the word to use for both types of &quot;to hurt&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what exactly &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the difference and when would you use which one? Are they really synonyms and I can pick either one? And are there any differences regarding these two words between Spanish spoken in Spain and Spanish spoken in Latin-America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17262" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T18:11:56.723" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:50:14.650" Title="What is the difference between 'lastimar' and 'herir'?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21591" CreationDate="2017-07-24T17:30:15.353" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are mostly synonyms. To me the subtle difference would be that I understand an &lt;code&gt;herida&lt;/code&gt; as a &lt;em&gt;open&lt;/em&gt; wound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KCceJga&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Herida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Perforación o desgarramiento&lt;/strong&gt; en algún lugar de un cuerpo vivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I (as a Spaniard) would favor &amp;quot;herir&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;herida&amp;quot; for those situations in which &amp;quot;there's blood&amp;quot;. Otherwise I tend to use &amp;quot;hacer(se) daño&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;lastimar&amp;quot; for other sources of pain (like a contusion, a pich, a bruise, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pellizques a tu hermano, que le vas a hacer daño. Si sigues haciédole eso le vas a lastimar  &lt;sub&gt;(in this context I could even use &amp;quot;hacer sangre&amp;quot; but I would not use &amp;quot;herir&amp;quot;, since it might convey a &lt;strong&gt;more serious wound&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he hecho una herida en la rodilla (there is a scrape or scratch, thus, there's blood)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he lastimado la rodilla (I hit it and ther is a bruise, but no open wound)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when translating &amp;quot;you hurt my feelings&amp;quot; I would favor &amp;quot;herir&amp;quot; (Hieres  mis sentimientos) to convey that more &amp;quot;piercing&amp;quot; nature of the (metaphorical) wound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For physical damage maybe you could understand &amp;quot;lastimar&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;to hurt&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;herir&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;to wound&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T17:35:51.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21537" CreationDate="2017-07-24T20:37:55.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this not redundant?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it is not redundant because by using &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; you're specifying to whom is &lt;em&gt;Ella&lt;/em&gt; performing the action (cocinar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to simply use &lt;em&gt;Ella les cocina&lt;/em&gt;, the statement would remain a phrase rather than a sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella les cocina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Q: A quién le cocina Ella?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A: Ella les cocina a ustedes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella &lt;em&gt;pudiera&lt;/em&gt; cocinar &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; a ustedes, a ellos o a aquellos.&lt;/strong&gt; Thats why you specify to &lt;em&gt;whom&lt;/em&gt; is She cooking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17265" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:37:55.777" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21591" CreationDate="2017-07-24T20:50:14.650" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering first to what you were told about &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lastimar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Some people believe that one simply is stronger than the other.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, in general &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; and its related words imply a physical wound, while &lt;em&gt;lastimar&lt;/em&gt; might refer to a scratch. &lt;em&gt;Herir&lt;/em&gt; tends to be used more in medical/technical speech, where &lt;em&gt;lastimar&lt;/em&gt; is a bit more informal, so naturally &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; is associated with serious injuries. Note however that you can say &lt;em&gt;Se lastimó mucho al caer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;La caída le provocó una herida superficial&lt;/em&gt;, which inverts the usual connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Other people are convinced that one can only be used for physical damage and the other only for emotional damage.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really. &lt;em&gt;Sus palabras me lastimaron&lt;/em&gt; is synonym with &lt;em&gt;Sus palabras me hirieron&lt;/em&gt;. There's an idiomatic expression, &lt;em&gt;una herida abierta&lt;/em&gt;, that can be used figuratively to refer to a deep emotional hurt, in a way where &lt;em&gt;lastimar&lt;/em&gt; cannot, but that's it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«I found another person saying that &quot;lastimar&quot; is very old-fashioned and hardly used anymore and &quot;herir&quot; is the word to use for both types of &quot;to hurt&quot;.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely false. Both words are used, in different contexts to be sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When used informally, &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; is usually active: &lt;em&gt;Lo hirieron en la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lastimar&lt;/em&gt; tends to be passive or reflexive, in form or meaning: &lt;em&gt;Me lastimé la mano&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Salió muy lastimado de esa relación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At least in my dialect (Argentina/Rioplatense) it's not done using &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; in the impersonal passive (&lt;em&gt;Se hirió la mano&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Newspaper headlines do use &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; in the passive: &lt;em&gt;Dos personas resultaron heridas&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Un guardia de seguridad fue herido durante el asalto al banco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some derivatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;em&gt;herir&lt;/em&gt; you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;herida&lt;/em&gt; &quot;wound, cut&quot;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;herido/a&lt;/em&gt; (noun) &quot;wounded person, victim with a wound&quot;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hiriente&lt;/em&gt; &quot;hurting, piercing&quot; (figuratively: &lt;em&gt;comentarios hirientes&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;em&gt;lastimar&lt;/em&gt; you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;lastimadura&lt;/em&gt; &quot;slight wound, scratch&quot; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;lástima&lt;/em&gt; &quot;pity&quot; (not semantically close).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's an accident, you say there were e. g. &lt;em&gt;tres heridos&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;un herido de gravedad&lt;/em&gt;. You can't say there are *&lt;em&gt;lastimados&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something is hurtful, it is &lt;em&gt;hiriente&lt;/em&gt;, not *&lt;em&gt;lastimante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:50:14.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17976" CreationDate="2017-07-24T22:18:55.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión que se deformó con el tiempo, originalmente se usaba en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éramos las mas lindas de la fiesta; ah, ¡re creídas las chicas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que intento algo nuevo me sale bien; ah, re exagerado el chabón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había una afirmación, y luego su negación en tercera persona. Como si lo dijese otra persona desmintiendo a la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero con el tiempo, estos mocosos modernos (millenials) lo empezaron a usar de forma recortada, sin sentido y sin siquiera saber porqué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[alguna pavada]: ah re&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si decís &amp;quot;ah re&amp;quot; es porque no te haces cargo de la pavada que dijiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más claro, ¡échale agua!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17266" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T08:55:46.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T22:57:29.010" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a definitive answer for the word &quot;to smoke (food)&quot;, to BBQ, and the word for &quot;Smoker&quot; (again for food).  Here in Panama we call smoked chicken &quot;Pollo a la Leña.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17267" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T01:11:33.810" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T08:39:10.370" Title="Smoking foods terms" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21597" CreationDate="2017-07-24T23:16:03.333" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally &quot;to smoke&quot; is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1KIQXuu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahumar&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, and the smoker is &quot;el ahumador&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other 2 verbs related to smoke something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wzvspdl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sahumar&lt;/a&gt;: to smoke with perfumed smoke (not only food)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ko2w945&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;humear&lt;/a&gt;: in someplaces a &quot;humeador&quot; is a bee smoker &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T08:39:10.370" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T08:39:10.370" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21597" CreationDate="2017-07-25T01:19:36.823" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahumado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahumado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, from &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1KIQXuu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahumar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Someter al humo algún alimento para su conservación o para comunicarle cierto sabor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una técnica de conservación alimenticia que consiste en someter alimentos a una fuente de humo proveniente de fuegos realizados de maderas de poco nivel de resina. Este proceso, además de dar sabores ahumados sirve como conservador alargando el tiempo de conservación de los alimentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Same for the English version of the Wiki page - Not a direct transalation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Smoking is the process of flavoring, browning, cooking, or preserving food by exposing it to smoke from burning or smoldering material, most often wood. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;ahumador&quot;is the place where the food undergoes the smoking process, but it is also the name in Spanish for the person preparing/preserving food this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T03:38:38.807" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T03:38:38.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21600" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T13:10:51.217" Score="5" ViewCount="817" Body="&lt;p&gt;La canción &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/silvio-rodriguez/1706294/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La leyenda de los Amantes&lt;/a&gt;&quot; de Silvio termina así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y se hicieron leyenda los dos amantes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Enroscados eterna y húmedamente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nada pudo tocarlos &lt;strong&gt;detrás de guantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Solo pueden saberlo los igualmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=guante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guantes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece tener sentido. ¿Alguien sabe qué significa eso? ¿Cómo se hila con &lt;em&gt;los igualmente&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T13:24:43.613" LastActivityDate="2020-10-15T16:31:16.643" Title="¿Qué significado tiene &quot;guantes&quot; en esta canción de Silvio Rodríguez?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21600" CreationDate="2017-07-25T14:29:54.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pueden darse bastante varias situaciones distintas en un caso como este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá se esté usando una de las muchas acepciones de &amp;quot;guante&amp;quot; (y nosotros no entendemos el uso), puede que se use el concepto de &amp;quot;guante&amp;quot; en un sentido metafórico (como algo que te envuelve y protege, entre otras muchas) y sea el lector quien deba interpretarlo, puede que el autor use un sinsentido solo por poder usar la palabra que rime&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, o puede ser que el uso metafórico esté exagerado hasta alcanzar cotas de estilos como el surrealismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la obra &lt;em&gt;Poeta en Nueva York&lt;/em&gt; de Federico García Lorca es &lt;em&gt;surrealista&lt;/em&gt;, no por ello descuidando la métrica poética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su visión de Nueva York es de pesadilla y desolación, propia de un mal sueño. Para expresar la angustia y el ansia de comunicación que lo embargan, emplea las imágenes visionarias del lenguaje &lt;strong&gt;surrealista&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Su libertad expresiva es máxima, aunque junto al verso libre se advierte el uso del verso medido&lt;/em&gt; (octosílabo, endecasílabo y alejandrino).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca#.C3.89poca_de_juventud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;obra de Lorca en su juventud&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cantautor (y poeta, novelista,...) Leonard Cohen versionó el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/NsOTXoLLHWY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pequeño vals vienés&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, recogido en &lt;em&gt;Poeta en Nueva York&lt;/em&gt;. La letra de esta canción/poema cae en ese estilo surrealista, futurista y simbólico en el que hay tanto sentido literal como metafórico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te quiero, te quiero, te quiero,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con la butaca y el libro muerto,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por el melancólico pasillo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en el oscuro desván del lirio,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en nuestra cama de la luna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en la danza que sueña la tortuga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ay, ay, ay, ay!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toma este vals de quebrada cintura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fragmento de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.poemas-del-alma.com/pequeno-vals-vienes.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pequeño Vals Vienés de Lorca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compara por ejemplo con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mis manos que aún son de hueso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y tu vientre sabe a pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la catedral es tu cuerpo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eras verano y mil tormentas, yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el león que sonríe a las paredes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que he vuelto a pintar del&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mismo color&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/jnDjEHyhFpU?t=1m14s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Héroes del Silencio: La Chispa Adecuada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y mencione este par de ejemplos en particular porque aún recuerdo discusiones en clase de lengua (En EGB, ha llovido mucho desde entonces...) en el que discutíamos con el profesor por qué si lo de Lorca era &amp;quot;poesía surrealista&amp;quot; lo de Héroes era un simple sinsentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, viendo que ninguna de las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;guante&lt;/em&gt; se adapta bien, y considerando que Silvio en un cantautor y poeta reconocido, yo asumiría que el sentido es menos literal y más metafórico, llegando a lo surrealista tal vez. Yo asumiría que quiera simbolizar algo que envuelve y protege a estos dos amantes y que solo entienden aquellos que sienten lo que ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21100/5481&quot;&gt;¿Se puede rimar una palabra consigo misma?&lt;/a&gt;: Autorrima oa rima pobre, por ejemplo.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T22:05:03.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T15:21:56.207" Score="6" ViewCount="4992" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí la forma correcta de esta palabra es &quot;transporte&quot;, pero dado que muchas veces escucho &quot;transportación&quot;, me hace preguntarme si también está bien dicho. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo de esto sería &quot;aporte (tación)&quot;. Hasta donde sé, se usan ambas para referirse a lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Están ambas bien dichas? También está la variación &quot;trasportamiento&quot;, o &quot;aportamiento&quot;, pero estas variantes (¿variaciones?) no serían unas que yo usaría normalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T19:59:21.620" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T19:59:21.620" Title="¿Son correctas tanto &quot;transporte&quot; como &quot;transportación&quot;? ¿Y &quot;aporte&quot; - &quot;aportación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21602" CreationDate="2017-07-25T16:10:03.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=aMdGe3p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Transportación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra correcta, pero desusada, porque es sinónima casi exacta de &lt;em&gt;transporte&lt;/em&gt; en su uso más común. Me extraña que la hayas escuchado con frecuencia. Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;em&gt;aporte&lt;/em&gt;. En lo personal nunca he escuchado &lt;em&gt;transportación&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;aportación&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Puede ser que &lt;em&gt;transportación&lt;/em&gt; sea un calco sobre el inglés &lt;em&gt;transportation&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo ocurre con &lt;em&gt;transportamiento&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aportamiento&lt;/em&gt;: existen, pero no son frecuentes en el uso real. Personalmente no veo ninguna razón para utilizarlas ya que son derivaciones de sus sinónimos exactos que no aportan ninguna connotación extra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T16:10:03.257" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21606" CreationDate="2017-07-25T19:30:56.013" Score="4" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;La partida de ajedrez juega un papel clave en &lt;em&gt;El amor en los tiempos del cólera&lt;/em&gt;, de Gabriel García Márquez. ¿Por qué razón es necesario el subjuntivo en este fragmento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue esa la época en que vino Jeremiah de SaintAmour, ya con sus rodillas&#xA;  muertas y todavía sin el oficio de fotógrafo de niños, y antes de tres meses era conocido de todo el que &lt;strong&gt;supiera&lt;/strong&gt; mover un alfil en un tablero, porque nadie había logrado ganarle una partida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-05T17:44:05.950" LastActivityDate="2020-06-05T17:44:05.950" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo aquí? &quot;[...] era conocido de todo el que supiera mover un alfil en un tablero&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21608" CreationDate="2017-07-25T19:58:25.407" Score="4" ViewCount="1101" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde podría haber venido éste si es un modismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por último le prestó el dinero para instalar el taller de fotógrafo, que Jeremiah de Saint-Amour le pagó con &lt;strong&gt;un rigor de cordonero&lt;/strong&gt;, hasta el último cuartillo, desde que retrató al primer niño asustado por el relámpago de magnesio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está sacado de &quot;El amor en los tiempos del cólera&quot; de Gabriel García Márquez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocabulario necesario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ArjDlla&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cordonero&lt;/a&gt;, ra&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Persona que tiene por oficio hacer o vender cordones, flecos, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Mar. Encargado de hacer jarcia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BTVrTUL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuartillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Entre otros:)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Cuarta parte de un real.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  real de plata doble, o real de plata vieja  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VGqyuLj%7CVGtxgAo%7CVGuc9Wg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;real de plata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Moneda de cambio, del valor de 16 cuartos. 32 reales de esta moneda componían el doblón de cambio, que era de 68 reales y 8 maravedís de vellón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T20:00:44.573" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T08:38:46.943" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;un rigor de cordonero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21604" CreationDate="2017-07-26T01:39:47.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Todo el que&quot; es una frase pronominal que no se refiere a personas específicas, sino que es inespecífica, similar a &quot;quienquiera&quot;. Todos conocemos cómo funciona sintácticamente &quot;quienquiera&quot;. La NGLE dice en su punto 22.6.2a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los grupos sintácticos constituidos por relativos inespecíficos suelen denotar personas o cosas no identificadas, lo que justifica que se construyan con subjuntivo. Los relativos inespecíficos se interpretan como TÉRMINOS DE ELECCIÓN LIBRE, por lo que, como los demás miembros de esta clase, poseen interpretación existencial o universal en función del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Distinto sería si el autor hubiera optado por el plural, en cuyo caso se habría referido a todos los que &lt;strong&gt;sabían&lt;/strong&gt; mover un alfil en un tablero, o sea, a todas las personas que efectivamente sabían jugar al ajedrez. Al usar &quot;todo el que&quot;, mucho más elegante que el plural, la mención a los conocedores de ese juego queda abierta a todos sus eventuales aficionados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T01:39:47.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1755" CreationDate="2017-07-26T02:18:45.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, names of Spanish days of the week and months of the year use lower-case letters&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hoy es martes - Today is Tuesday&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In formal written Spanish, only the first word and proper nouns in titles of movies, books, plays, etc should be capitalized.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La guerra de las galaxias - Star Wars&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introductory titles are not capitalized in Spanish but their common abbreviations are.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Conoces a la señora Wilson? - Do you know Mrs. Wilson?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Names of religions &amp;amp; their adherents aren't capitalized.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi madre es católica - My mother is Catholic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When an ordinal number is used after a name, it isn't capitalized&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Luis catorce - Luis the Fourteenth&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;While the given name of lakes, rivers, mountains, and many other geographic features are capitalized, the place identifier is not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;while names of cities and countries are capitalized in Spanish, words that derived from them are not.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prefiero los cocos puertorriqueños - I prefer the Puerto Rican coconuts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Names of languages aren't capitalized&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  E.g: Hablo inglés - I speak English&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Reference &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishto-english.com/capitalization-rules-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17273" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T16:38:54.173" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T16:38:54.173" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21605" CreationDate="2017-07-26T08:38:46.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto que mencionas, la frase creo que es bastante clara: Jeremiah pidió un préstamo y luego lo devolvió. Al hablar de &lt;em&gt;con un rigor de cordonero&lt;/em&gt; se está refiriendo a que la devolución fue extremadamente minuciosa, sin dejar de pagar ni un solo céntimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente la expresión que se suele usar para estos menesteres es &lt;em&gt;pagar religiosamente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VqJMNbI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;religiosamente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. Con puntualidad y exactitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué usa García Márquez el símil del cordonero es una incógnita y todo parece indicar que es un modismo de largo alcance. Tal y como se mencionó en los comentarios, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ArjDlla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cordonero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una &lt;em&gt;Persona que tiene por oficio hacer o vender cordones, flecos, etc&lt;/em&gt;. Tamaña labor requiere ser muy preciso, pues de lo contrario los cordones tendrían nudos, imprecisiones, etc. Por tanto, es fácil asumir que el rigor que se le pide sea alto. Por el mismo motivo podríamos hablar de &lt;em&gt;rigor de vidriero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;rigor de cirujano&lt;/em&gt; (si bien este último suele usarse para la precisión, íntimamente relacionada con rigor en según qué contextos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2519/1674&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado unas cuantas referencias a &lt;em&gt;cordonero&lt;/em&gt; en textos de hace bastantes siglos. Al parecer, esta profesión debía ser bastante más común que ahora y, por ende, podía llegar a usarse para expresiones. Hoy en día no creo que esta labor exista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T08:38:46.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4075" CreationDate="2017-07-26T16:45:02.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia, we say colloquially, &quot;(tu hermana) me mueve el piso.&quot; As others have already observed, this expression varies from country to country. &quot;Me gusta tu hermana&quot; is likely the most universally-understood expression, but every culture tends to find creative ways to express emotion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17275" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T16:45:02.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-26T18:22:54.647" Score="6" ViewCount="3762" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesa saber si en español hay más sustantivos femeninos o masculinos. ¿Hay información al respecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17277" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T08:27:27.823" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T12:52:44.487" Title="En español, ¿hay más en palabras de género femenino o masculino?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21659" CreationDate="2017-07-26T20:50:10.143" Score="3" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a dedicar la edición de la buena suerte del &lt;em&gt;translation-golf&lt;/em&gt; a la introducción de &lt;em&gt;The Hobbit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit. Not a nasty, dirty, wet hole, filled with the ends of worms and an oozy smell, nor yet a dry, bare, sandy hole with nothing in it to sit down on or to eat: it was a hobbit-hole, and that means comfort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(185 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un texto más corto que en otras ediciones, pero espero que dé juego. La traducción oficial dice tal que así (200 caracteres exactos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; En un agujero en el suelo, vivía un hobbit. No un agujero húmedo, sucio, repugnante, con restos de gusanos y olor a fango, ni tampoco un agujero seco, desnudo y arenoso, sin nada en que sentarse o que comer: era un agujero-hobbit, y eso significa comodidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Esto es &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;, la traducción con menor número de caracteres que respete el original gana!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T08:13:07.793" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T08:13:07.793" Title="Translation Golf XIII - In a hole in the ground" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-27T02:00:52.127" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21612" CreationDate="2017-07-27T02:29:00.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;150&lt;/strike&gt; 149 Caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivía un hobbit en un hoyo del suelo que no era feo, sucio, húmedo, infecto de gusanos y apestoso, ni tampoco seco, vacío y arenoso sin nada para sentarse o comer, pues sus hoyos son cómodos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HlTPxWF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Feo&lt;/a&gt;:  adj. Que causa desagrado o aversión; De aspecto malo o desfavorable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LVIaJBX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Infecto&lt;/a&gt;: adj. Infectado, contagiado, pestilente, corrompido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JVJdDz8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grato&lt;/a&gt; : adj. Gustoso, agradable.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T13:16:41.323" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T13:16:41.323" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-27T02:29:00.847" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23370" CreationDate="2017-07-27T06:23:54.503" Score="14" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;La jota que tiene el nombre &lt;em&gt;José&lt;/em&gt; hoy lleva el sonido /χ/, pero muy antes representaba algo como /ʒ/ (le jazz) y también luego el /ʃ/ (a ship). ¿Cómo era en la etapa española de la Alta California, entre 1769 y 1821?  Los pobladores hispanos eran principalmente sonorenses, encabezados por unos vascos y catalanes. Por ser tan remoto el lugar, su lenguaje podía haber tardado en cambiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reajuste_de_las_sibilantes_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;reajuste de las consonantes sibilantes&lt;/a&gt; habrá llegado? (Wikipedia no menciona a México.) ¿Podía haberse dicho el nombre José con la fricativa postalveolar sonora, como la actual forma portuguesa, o sería ya sorda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber si un José de aquel lugar pudo firmar en ruso como Жосе o Хосе.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T08:31:53.800" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T22:20:18.957" Title="El sonido de la J de José, en la California española" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21611" CreationDate="2017-07-27T08:21:22.097" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar unas cifras aproximadas, aprovechando que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; busca el término de búsqueda en cualquier parte de la definición de una palabra, se obtienen los siguientes resultados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;m.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; arroja &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/?q=%22m.%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;37773 resultados&lt;/a&gt;, de los cuales había que eliminar los 5 primeros, que corresponden con siglas que contienen la M (como &quot;S.M.&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;f.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; arroja &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es/palabras/?q=%22f.%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;27891 resultados&lt;/a&gt;, de los cuales hay que quitar 2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta búsqueda tiene en cuenta los sustantivos como &quot;oso&quot; y &quot;osa&quot;, que disponen de las dos variantes. &quot;Oso&quot; aparece en los resultados de la primera búsqueda, y &quot;osa&quot; en los de la segunda. También tiene en cuenta palabras que se usan de forma invariante en los dos géneros, como &quot;colmenero&quot;, definida como &quot;m. y f. Persona que tiene colmenas o cuida de ellas&quot;. Estas palabras estarían contenidas en ambas búsquedas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dividimos, tenemos &lt;code&gt;37768 / 27889 = 1.3542&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tendríamos una proporción aproximada de &lt;strong&gt;4 palabras masculinas por cada 3 femeninas&lt;/strong&gt; (por simplificar mucho la expresión). Nótese que el DIRAE hace uso exclusivamente del diccionario de la RAE. Quedan excluidos, por tanto, todos los términos que aparecen en el diccionario de americanismos de la ASALE. Es de esperar, en todo caso, que la proporción no varíe considerablemente al haberse calculado con una muestra poblacional lo suficientemente amplia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T08:30:49.653" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T08:30:49.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21617" CreationDate="2017-07-27T08:33:42.637" Score="3" ViewCount="1666" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien encabezar una carta de presentación con lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estimado equipo de (nombre de la empresa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es que eso es bueno en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &amp;quot;equipo&amp;quot; debe ir con minúscula inicial, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15094" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-04-06T15:14:34.440" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T15:14:34.440" Title="&quot;Estimado Equipo de (nombre de la empresa)&quot;, ¿es correcto?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;&lt;correspondencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21616" CreationDate="2017-07-27T09:45:47.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descargo de responsabilidad:&lt;/strong&gt; Esta respuesta está basada en mi interpretación del idioma y por tanto aplica al español de España.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos por un momento que la empresa es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporaci%C3%B3n_Acme&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ACME&lt;/a&gt;. La carta empezaría tal que así (por supuesto, usando &quot;equipo&quot; con &quot;e&quot; minúscula al ser un sustantivo común):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estimado equipo de ACME:&#xA;&#xA;    Es para mí un motivo de orgullo y satisfacción...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio me suena raro, porque la palabra &quot;equipo&quot; la asocio a otras cosas. Por ejemplo, un equipo de fútbol, o de baloncesto, o en general un equipo de trabajo (asociado a un proyecto dentro de una empresa). Esto se debe a las acepciones de la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G09HIAP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;equipo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Grupo de personas organizado para una investigación o servicio determinados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En ciertos deportes, cada uno de los grupos que se disputan el triunfo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que mencionas, yo usaría otra palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sjasuhi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;personal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Conjunto de las personas que trabajan en un mismo organismo, dependencia, fábrica, taller, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese caso la carta sería así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estimado personal de ACME:&#xA;&#xA;    Es para mí un motivo de orgullo y satisfacción...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único malo es que la palabra &quot;personal&quot; es bastante aséptica, y la palabra &quot;equipo&quot; tiene una connotación de gente que trabaja junta, como parte de una máquina, en colaboración, y por tanto está bastante de moda hoy día. Entiendo pues que en las comunicaciones inter-empresa se usen palabras que fomenten ese espíritu. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate además que es curioso que la definición inglesa de &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a number of persons associated together in work or activity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y por tanto se puede usar también en ámbitos laborales (&lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que la definición española habla de &quot;investigación&quot; o &quot;servicio&quot;, no de &quot;trabajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pongo un ejemplo de por qué me suena raro. Si hablamos de equipos de fútbol, si hablo de &quot;el equipo del Betis&quot; pienso en los jugadores designados por el Betis para jugar un partido de fútbol, pero en el Betis trabaja mucha más gente (y por eso se habla, además, de &quot;el equipo técnico&quot;, &quot;el equipo directivo&quot; y demás). Si te fijas, se habla de &quot;equipo&quot; para hablar de un grupo de personas con una función concreta dentro de la empresa. Por tanto, si hablo de &quot;el equipo de ACME&quot; puedo pensar que se trata de un grupo elegido dentro del personal de ACME, seleccionado para una tarea concreta. Vería bien la expresión si ese grupo seleccionado se trasladara a trabajar a otra empresa como personal externo, entonces &quot;el equipo de ACME&quot; sería &quot;el grupo de trabajadores que nos ha mandado ACME a trabajar aquí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: no creo que el uso sea incorrecto, y menos teniendo en cuenta lo dicho sobre fomentar el espíritu de equipo entre los trabajadores, pero aun así no puedo evitar que me suene un poco rara la expresión. Tal vez solo sea cuestión de acostumbrarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T10:07:05.853" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T10:07:05.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21611" CreationDate="2017-07-27T10:27:47.513" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí son cifras calculadas a partir de una lista de 107638 palabras (MM.nom.txt) disponible en &lt;a href=&quot;http://devel.cpl.upc.edu/freeling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Freeling&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Masc.: 53724 : 49,91 %&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fem.: 49700 : 46,17 %&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ambos gén.: 4214 : 3,91 %&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera letra del código final indica el género de la palabra :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cifra cifra NC&lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;S000&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  número número NC&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;S000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más detalles aqui:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;código    #     %&#xA;  CN    121  0,11 ambos géneros no número&#xA;  CP   2089  1,94 ambos géneros plural&#xA;  CS   2004  1,86 ambos géneros singular&#xA;  FN    932  0,87 femenino no número&#xA;  FP  24407 22,68 femenino plural&#xA;  FS  24361 22,63 femenino singular&#xA;  MN    883  0,82 masculino no número &#xA;  MP  26686 24,79 masculino plural&#xA;  MS  26155 24,30 masculino singular&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si solo tomamos in cuenta las palabras con un género claro y al singular, la proporción es 48,22 femeninos frente a 51,77 masculinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puesto que el sitio &lt;a href=&quot;http://devel.cpl.upc.edu/freeling/browser/trunk/data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Freeling&lt;/a&gt; tiene diccionarios de otros idiomas, especialmente del grupo iberorromance pero también francés e italiano, su análisis produce estas proporciones (masculino/femenino):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;0,92 portugués&#xA;0,97 gallego&#xA;1,06 catalán&#xA;1,08 español&#xA;1,19 francés&#xA;1,39 asturiano&#xA;1,43 italiano&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede concluir nada excepcional de estas cifras, sino que la proporción es bastante equilibrada con estas lenguas romances, especialmente cuando la comparamos con el galés (3,32) y el noruego (2,72). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que falta a todas estas estadísticas es una ponderación con la frecuencia de uso de la palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T12:52:44.487" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T12:52:44.487" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21612" CreationDate="2017-07-27T19:57:52.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;175 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un hoyo del suelo vivía un hobbit. El hoyo no era feo, sucio ni húmedo, ni lleno de cabos de lombriz, ni exudaba olor; tampoco era seco, yermo o arenoso, sin donde sentarse o comer: era un pozo de hobbit, y estos eran cómodos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T19:57:52.097" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-27T19:57:52.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21616" CreationDate="2017-07-28T01:02:33.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra que pudiera corresponde al anglicismo es colegas o compañeros, dependiendo de si el remitente es o no miembro de la empresa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15257" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T01:02:33.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21624" CreationDate="2017-07-28T07:55:01.513" Score="8" ViewCount="40086" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana usé la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;equilicuá&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; y quise saber más sobre ella y si mi uso fue correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando su significado veo: (&lt;strike&gt;No sale en la RAE ni en el panhispánico.&lt;/strike&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;interjección&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se utiliza como expresión exclamativa, señalando hacia un lugar o haciendo referencia a la solución que se ha encontrado a un asunto, para indicar que ahí está lo que se buscaba y que por fin se ha dado con ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como uso que se le pueda dar, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amigo: ¿Dónde he dejado las llaves? No las encuentro.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Yo: ¿Has mirado debajo de esa bolsa?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Amigo: ¡Equilicuá! Ahí estaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta que me viene es: ¿qué origen tiene esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14055" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-08-03T14:26:28.840" LastActivityDate="2020-08-03T14:26:28.840" Title="¿De donde viene la expresión &quot;equilicuá&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21623" CreationDate="2017-07-28T08:11:30.050" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del italiano &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.garzantilinguistica.it/ricerca/?q=ecco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eccoli&lt;/a&gt; qua&lt;/em&gt;, Qué significa literalmente &quot;helos acá&quot; o &quot;acá están&quot;. Respecto de &lt;em&gt;ecco&lt;/em&gt; en italiano, dice el enlace:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si unisce ai pronomi personali atoni &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ci&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;li&lt;/em&gt; e alla particella &lt;em&gt;ne&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;eccomi!&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eccolo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;eccone alcuni&lt;/em&gt; | può essere seguito dagli avverbi di luogo &lt;em&gt;qui&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lì&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;là&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;laggiù&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ecco laggiù Massimo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, en español:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se usa unido a los pronombres personales átonos &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ci&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;li&lt;/em&gt; y a la partícula &lt;em&gt;ne&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;eccomi!&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eccolo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;eccone alcuni&lt;/em&gt; | puede usarse seguido de los adverbios de lugar &lt;em&gt;qui&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;qua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lì&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;là&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;laggiù&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ecco laggiù Massimo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T13:57:14.783" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:57:14.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-28T08:41:41.813" Score="4" ViewCount="2041" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces encuentro cosas curiosas sobre el lenguaje que me entran ganas de comentar aquí, y en ocasiones no encuentro la forma de plantearlo como una pregunta. Así que a ver cómo salgo con esta. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que acabo de encontrar una cosa en el diccionario que me ha llamado mucho la atención. En la definición de la palabra &lt;em&gt;rendir&lt;/em&gt; me encuentro esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Junto con algunos nombres, toma la significación del que se le añade. &lt;em&gt;Rendir gracias, obsequios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que hay casos en los que la palabra carece de significado, y simplemente toma el significado de la palabra que sigue. Así, &lt;em&gt;rendir gracias&lt;/em&gt; sería &lt;em&gt;agradecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rendir obsequios&lt;/em&gt; sería &lt;em&gt;obsequiar&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Por llamarlas de algún modo, llamaré &quot;metapalabras&quot; a estas palabras &quot;vacías&quot; que solo adquieren significado en combinación con otras. Igualmente, llamaré &quot;metapalabra parcial&quot; a aquella palabra que solo es &quot;metapalabra&quot; en una de sus acepciones, al tiempo que tiene otras acepciones como palabra normal. Una &quot;metapalabra pura&quot; sería aquella en la que todas sus acepciones son de tipo &quot;metapalabra&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Están estudiadas las &quot;metapalabras&quot;? ¿Existe alguna &quot;metapalabra pura&quot;? ¿Existen otros casos &quot;metapalabras parciales&quot; además de &quot;rendir&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T12:18:52.670" Title="Palabras que adquieren significado al colocarse junto a otras" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21632" CreationDate="2017-07-28T12:41:52.580" Score="1" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decidió que el primer caballero andante que encontrase le armaría caballero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought this meant&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He decided that the first walking knight that he encountered he would make him a knight&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17288" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T13:03:08.693" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:43:24.693" Title="Don Quixote text question" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21627" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21628" CreationDate="2017-07-28T18:20:59.020" Score="0" ViewCount="2917" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que esta palabra se utiliza mucho en Argentina, para decir &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot;, pero me intriga saber de dónde que es que nació dicha palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hola, cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Bien, Gracias por preguntar. ¿Y &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17270" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T08:29:54.720" Title="¿De dónde proviene la palabra &quot;vos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-28T19:33:19.647" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21627" CreationDate="2017-07-28T18:48:11.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de la palabra latina &lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt; que originalmente tenía un significado plural. Su uso ha tenido una historia bastante variada en la lengua castellana, a veces plural, otras singular, en algunos momentos formal, y en otros informal, aunque al final se ha perdurado como un pronombre singular e informal en un número no pequeño de países americanos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todavía es posible su empleo reverencial (con conjugaciones diferentes), pero es muy infrecuente, y normalmente reservado a especiosa religiosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T18:48:11.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21626" CreationDate="2017-07-29T11:58:43.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation into English is faulty in that it repeats the direct object (DO):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He decided that &lt;strong&gt;the first walking knight&lt;/strong&gt; that he encountered he would make &lt;strong&gt;him&lt;/strong&gt; a knight.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would have been better to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He decided that the first walking knight that he encountered he would make a knight.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, is a walking knight not a knight? I find some lexical contradiction there, just as I find in a &lt;em&gt;caballero andante&lt;/em&gt; not being a &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, in Spanish personal direct objects have to be preceded by the preposition &quot;a&quot;. Therefore, for your translation to work, the Spanish version should have been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decidió que &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;l primer caballero andante que encontrase le armaría caballero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T00:08:57.470" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T00:08:57.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21625" CreationDate="2017-07-29T12:18:52.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista semántico, es decir, por su significación, las palabras se dividen en palabras de &lt;strong&gt;clase cerrada&lt;/strong&gt; y palabras de &lt;strong&gt;clase abierta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las primeras son palabras funcionales o gramaticales que cuesta definir en el diccionario, salvo que se describa su función: artículos, pronombres, conjunciones, preposiciones. Cabe destacar que no existe posibilidad de añadir nuevos componentes a este tipo de palabras (de allí el nombre de &quot;clase cerrada&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, las clases abiertas contienen las palabras más significativas del idioma: sustantivos, adjetivos, verbos, adverbios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta al menos curioso que los autores del DRAE hayan tenido que recurrir a una descripción de la función de un verbo significativo como &quot;rendir&quot; para definirlo. Existen muchas frases verbales donde se yuxtapone un verbo y un sustantivo para conceptualizar una acción que puede o no tener un verbo propio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rendir homenaje (= homenajear)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rendir honores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rendir pleitesía&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar un beso (= besar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tomar conocimiento (= enterarse)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece muy objetable la solución utilizada por los académicos para definir ese uso de &quot;rendir&quot;, puesto que no está alineada con la mayoría de las definiciones. Sólo encontramos algo parecido en la definición de un verbo tan indefinible como el copulativo &quot;ser&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;copulat. U. para afirmar del sujeto lo que significa el atributo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, existen, entre las palabras de clase abierta, algunas mucho más significativas que otras (lo cual, creo, no justifica que las definamos en función de las palabras que las acompañan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre los verbos, se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tornar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;: tornar(se) viejo = avejentar(se)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;volver(se)&lt;/strong&gt;: volver(se) inquieto = inquietar(se)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre los sustantivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de un &lt;strong&gt;modo&lt;/strong&gt; increíble = increíblemente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, creo que existen palabras pobres en significado que se enriquecen por la cercanía de otras que les aportan mayor definición, pero eso no las convierte en palabras de clase cerrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T12:18:52.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21626" CreationDate="2017-07-30T01:28:30.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The quote is from &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=K5DwCAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT7&amp;amp;ots=PV6s_pJ-Ym&amp;amp;dq=%22Decidi%C3%B3%20que%20el%20primer%20caballero%20andante%20que%20encontrase%20le%20armar%C3%ADa%20caballero%22&amp;amp;pg=PT7#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22Decidi%C3%B3%20que%20el%20primer%20caballero%20andante%20que%20encontrase%20le%20armar%C3%ADa%20caballero%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapter II&lt;/a&gt;, of an adapted version of the original don Quixote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole chapter is about don Quixote's first trip out of home after becoming obsessed with the idea of being a knight. Hence the one being made a knight is don Quixote himself. That is why he is looking for someone who is already a knight. (It wouldn't make sense to confer knighthood to someone that already has it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible translation for the passage could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He decided that the first &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight-errant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;knight-errant&lt;/a&gt; that he met would confer him knighthood. [or: &lt;em&gt;would &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accolade&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dub&lt;/a&gt; him.&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Quijote,_Primera_Parte:_Cap%C3%ADtulo_II&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;original text&lt;/a&gt; offers a more complex grammar and old-fashioned idioms, yet the fact that he is the one being dubbed is clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mas, pudiendo más su locura que otra razón alguna, &lt;strong&gt;propuso de hacerse armar caballero del primero que topase&lt;/strong&gt;, a imitación de otros muchos que así lo hicieron, según él había leído en los libros que tal le tenían&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Quixote/Volume_1/Chapter_II&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translated by John Ormsby&lt;/a&gt; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but his craze being stronger than any reasoning, &lt;strong&gt;he made up his mind to have himself dubbed a knight by the first one he came across&lt;/strong&gt;, following the example of others in the same case, as he had read in the books that brought him to this pass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This pass&lt;/em&gt; obviously refers to his insanity. Knights-errant were (at the time, at least) more of a matter of fiction, and knighthood is not supposed to be conferred by other knights, but by a superior authority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T13:43:24.693" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:43:24.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21638" CreationDate="2017-07-30T09:04:57.817" Score="3" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Las Comprendidas&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In my understanding, &lt;strong&gt;Comprendida&lt;/strong&gt; comes from &quot;comprender&quot; (understand). However, not sure how to understand it in the example below. Does it have a specific meaning which is not exactly related with &quot;understanding&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;y se llaman líneas divisorias&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does this sentence refer to the &quot;dos líneas verticales&quot;? It looks the subject has been &quot;las figuras y silencios&quot; and it seems odd that the subject has been changed to &quot;lineas verticales&quot;. Is this normal in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Sentences&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Compás sirve para concretar la duración de las notas y se indica con su signo respectivo al principio del trazo musical a que se refiere; las figuras y silencios correspondientes a un Compás son &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las comprendidas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; entre dos líneas verticales que atraviesan la pauta, y se llaman líneas divisorias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Translation (trying)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Tempo serves to realize the duration of the notes and it is indicated with it respective sign at the beginning of music chart it refers to. The music notes and silence marks to agree with a Tempo are the &quot;comprendidas&quot; between two vertical lines which cross through the rules, and called dividing lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mUrZA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mUrZA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T06:22:34.800" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T06:22:34.800" Title="What does &quot;las comprendidas&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21635" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-30T09:20:51.893" Score="4" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does not the singular or plural form of a verb in Spanish correspond with the primary noun of the subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary noun in the subject &quot;El número de figuras&quot; is &quot;el número&quot; which is singular. However the corresponding form of the verb &quot;entrar&quot; is plural &quot;entran&quot;. Why is this? If it is &quot;Los números de figuras que entran&quot; it sounds find to me. If someone can explain the logic behind, it would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Sentence&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El número de figuras que entran en un compás entero de Compasillo es de una redonda o dos blancas o cuatro negras u ocho corcheas o dieciséis semicorcheas».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sPjCY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sPjCY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T13:16:52.577" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T13:16:52.577" Title="Why is the verb in plural form in &quot;El número de figuras que entran&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-30T10:22:07.333" Score="3" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do the pronombres relativos refer to in the sentence and what are the clues? Also please help to correct the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Sentence&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al interpretar las obras, en muchos casos es necesario repetir trozos ya ejecutados, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; cual se indica por medio de señales o signos, &lt;strong&gt;siendo&lt;/strong&gt; los principales &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; que se indican a continuación, sobre &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; cuales y para mejor distinguirlos colocamos una &lt;strong&gt;crucecita&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Translation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To interpret the music, in many things it is necessary to repeat the music chart we just played, (la cual: la = repeat?) which is indicated by signal or signs, (siendo: subject of 'ser' are signo/señales?), being the main signs which indicate to continue, (sobre los cuales: los = signo/señales?) over those signs and to better distinguish them, we place a cross.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edA5D.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edA5D.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2354" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T03:28:27.297" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:51:04.383" Title="Help to analyze the ”pronombre relativo&quot; in the sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21634" CreationDate="2017-07-30T10:23:33.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A34eRFg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comprender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has other meanings in Spanish apart from &lt;em&gt;understand&lt;/em&gt;. See the following definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Abrazar, ceñir o rodear por todas partes algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. tr. Contener o incluir en sí algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case, the verb &lt;em&gt;comprender&lt;/em&gt; is a synonym of &lt;em&gt;contener&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;contain&lt;/em&gt;). And your translation must be something like &quot;contained between two vertical lines&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T10:23:33.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21635" CreationDate="2017-07-30T10:32:21.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have the agreement you expect in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El número&lt;/strong&gt; [de figuras que entran en un compás entero de Compasillo] &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; de una redonda o dos blancas o cuatro negras u ocho corcheas o dieciséis semicorcheas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have &quot;el número es&quot;, that agrees on the singular form, and for the relative clause you have &quot;figuras que entran&quot;, that agrees on the plural form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T10:32:21.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21642" CreationDate="2017-07-30T12:52:47.793" Score="3" ViewCount="772" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según un artículo el uso del subjuntivo después de la frase &lt;em&gt;el hecho de que&lt;/em&gt; significa que &quot;the speaker expresses a subjective, emotional or evaluative reaction&quot;. No veo ningún matiz emocional en esta oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era un colegio caro, y &lt;strong&gt;el hecho de que ella estudiara allí&lt;/strong&gt; era solo un indicio de la situación económica de la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais explicarlo por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T13:41:30.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:53:29.033" Title="&quot;El hecho de que&quot; + subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21635" CreationDate="2017-07-30T13:16:28.867" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las muchas funciones de la partícula &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;que&lt;/a&gt;&quot; está el introducir oraciones subordinadas explicativas. Por eso el &lt;code&gt;entran&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;code&gt;que entran&lt;/code&gt; no concuerda con &lt;code&gt;número&lt;/code&gt;. Pertenecen a dos oraciones distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estas son&lt;/strong&gt; las medidas (que &lt;strong&gt;yo he&lt;/strong&gt; decidido tomar) [y] (que &lt;strong&gt;nosotros vamos&lt;/strong&gt; a aplicar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo dentro de la oración subordinada debe concordar con su propio sujeto. Volviendo a tu ejemplo, compara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El número&lt;/strong&gt; de figuras que entran en un compás &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; de X&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los resultados&lt;/strong&gt; que ha arrojado la encuesta &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; alarmantes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves la concordancia en número es con el sujeto de cada frase, la principal o la subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro punto que puede causar confusión es que decimos &quot;el número de figuras&quot; usando &lt;code&gt;figuras&lt;/code&gt; en plural, pero ahí el sujeto sigue siendo &lt;code&gt;número&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;de figuras&lt;/code&gt; es simplemente la explicación de la composición de este ente, y se usa plural porque nos referimos a un grupo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:16:28.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21640" CreationDate="2017-07-30T13:53:29.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo tiene muchos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elsubjuntivo.com/usos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usos distintos&lt;/a&gt;. Aparte de &amp;quot;expresar emoción o sentimiento&amp;quot; sirve también para &amp;quot;Para expresar una opinión con expresiones impersonales como:&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es necesario que nosotros &lt;strong&gt;sepamos&lt;/strong&gt; los verbos en el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una lástima que Julián no &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; venir a la fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es normal que tú te &lt;strong&gt;sientas&lt;/strong&gt; triste por la noticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es el uso que se hace en este caso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era solo un indicio de la situación económica de la familia el hecho de que ella &lt;strong&gt;estudiara&lt;/strong&gt; allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es solo un indicio de la situación económica de la familia el hecho de que ella &lt;strong&gt;estudie&lt;/strong&gt; allí &lt;sub&gt;Cambiado a presenta por si facilita entender el ejemplo&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está expresando una opinión mediante el uso impersonal (como si fuera casi objetivo). &amp;quot;Si ella estudia allí, es que la familia tiene dinero&amp;quot;. Es una opinión o deducción. El uso impersonal parece que le concede cierta &amp;quot;validez universal&amp;quot;, como si fuera tan obvio que todo el mundo llegaría a la misma conclusión, pero no tiene porqué ser así para ninguno de los ejemplos propuestos (otras personas pueden llegar a una deducción distinta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T13:53:29.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21644" CreationDate="2017-07-30T15:00:40.923" Score="6" ViewCount="763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just come across &lt;code&gt;lo bastante/suficientemente + adjetivo + como para hacer algo&lt;/code&gt; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es lo bastante inteligente como para trabajar en Google?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible and correct to say just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es bastante inteligente para trabajar en Google?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been using the second variant pretty much the whole time, maybe incorrectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9000" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T08:28:52.817" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T08:28:52.817" Title="'Lo bastante/suficientemente + adjetivo + como para' - Is it possible to drop 'lo' and 'como para'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21643" CreationDate="2017-07-30T21:14:59.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question asks for several alternative forms. From the start I'd say that the versions with &lt;em&gt;suficientemente&lt;/em&gt; are all correct, whether they use &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; and/or &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es lo suficientemente inteligente como para trabajar en Google?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es suficientemente inteligente como para trabajar en Google?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es lo suficientemente inteligente para trabajar en Google?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es suficientemente inteligente para trabajar en Google?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; followed by an adjective, on the contrary, not using &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; sounds incorrect to me, but I haven't been able to find a proper source. (Note that &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt;, when it functions as an adjective, does not need &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;.) The same goes for using &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;. So I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es lo bastante inteligente como para trabajar en Google?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; there's a small problem: &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; sometimes connotes an opposition in the same way as &lt;em&gt;muy/mucho&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt;, because its meaning can vary from &lt;em&gt;just enough&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;quite a lot&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es bastante mayor como para ir sola al colegio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;She's old enough to go to school by herself.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es bastante mayor como para tener que llevarla al colegio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;She's rather old for (someone) having to take her to school.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't happen if you use &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, since &lt;em&gt;lo bastante&lt;/em&gt; always means &amp;quot;the amount which is enough&amp;quot; (the positive connotation of &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt;); it cannot be used to mean &amp;quot;rather, a bit too much, enough and more&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; + adjective, without &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, in a question, sounds distinctively off to me, but again, I don't have a source for that, just my experience (as a native speaker among other native speakers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T21:14:59.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21635" CreationDate="2017-07-30T21:33:28.187" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two points of view. You can consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[el número de] as a block as the determiner of the noun [figuras]. Figuras is then the nucleous of the subject and so the verb must be plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, another possible interpretation is that the nucleus is &quot;número&quot; and &quot;de figuras&quot; is only adding informations. If so, the verb should be in singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since both views are justifiable, both forms should be accepted. There were interesting discussions about this kind of things at Spanish class haha. In sum, for me, both forms should be correct, but, as you see, the &quot;meaning&quot; can be very little slightly different. I think that's what @Mazu_R means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T21:33:28.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21637" CreationDate="2017-07-30T21:45:49.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;the thing is that &quot;lo cual&quot; should be trated as a block, since the article is essential to know the gender, and consequently to know what &quot;cual&quot; refers to. In fact, the word &quot;cual&quot; alone does not make sense with this meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T21:45:49.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21623" CreationDate="2017-07-30T23:04:25.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Argentina / Uruguay: Es &quot;¡ecolecuá!&quot; que proviene del italiano &quot;eccoli qua&quot;&#xA;a veces se utiliza alternativamente &quot;ecole!&quot;.&#xA;usualmente es una exclamación que se utiliza al descubrir, encontrar o confirmar una cosa o situación.&#xA;Ej: cuando uno estaba a la espera de que ocurra algo y ocurre. o buscando, se usa de manera similar también al &quot;¡acá esta!&quot; o &quot;¡acá vienen!&quot; &quot;¡acá llegan!&quot; se da sobretodo en personas con ascendencia italiana, pero se difundió mucho mas ampliamente, hoy en día, se encuentra menos frecuentemente dado a que las mas recientes olas migratorias (ultimas 3 o 4 décadas) a estos lugares pertenecen a países limítrofes o de la región (con unas menores de paises asiaticos y aun pequeñas de países africanos) donde esta expresión es inexistente a diferencia de las que originaron este termino que fueron provenientes de Italia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dato extra, a veces se utiliza &quot;¡ecole!&quot; al ser este mas corto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17302" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T23:04:25.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21652" CreationDate="2017-07-31T07:58:35.057" Score="2" ViewCount="3764" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, el verbo &lt;em&gt;canear&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=77Id9rh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. And. encanecer (‖ ponerse cano).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. rur. coloq. Mur. Calentar al sol algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, aquí en Andalucía se suele entender el verbo &lt;em&gt;canear&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;pegar, golpear&quot;. Este uso está recogido en diversas fichas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/fichero-general&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero general&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE, donde se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CANEAR (vulg.). Pegar, golpear. 'No me tires chinas, que te &lt;em&gt;caneo&lt;/em&gt;.' `Dudo mucho que me &lt;em&gt;canees&lt;/em&gt;.' Canear el morro a alg. Abofetearle. 'Sí, tú provócale y verás cómo te &lt;em&gt;canea el morro&lt;/em&gt;.' '¡De ésta le &lt;em&gt;caneo el morro&lt;/em&gt;!' [1974 Martín J. Dicc. expr. malsonantes, &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_I_PDF/CANEAR/00000685.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ficha (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CANEAR: Verb. Pegar o golpear. En su origen es dar un can [&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=71dxXgr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿acepción 6?&lt;/a&gt;] con la peonza. [1988 Gordaliza Aparicio, &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_I_PDF/CANEAR/00000687.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ficha (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pensaba que &lt;em&gt;canear&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;pegar&lt;/em&gt; sería una expresión exagerada, tipo &quot;te voy a dar una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=auiYris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tunda&lt;/a&gt; que te van a salir canas&quot; y que, por tanto, se entendería solo en Andalucía al igual que la definición de &quot;encanecer&quot;. Sin embargo, al parecer tiene un origen completamente diferente, y dado que la acepción de &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;golpe a una peonza&quot; solo existe en algunas regiones del norte de España, es posible entonces que esta expresión se entienda en otras zonas del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende, por tanto, el verbo &lt;em&gt;canear&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;pegar, golpear&quot; en otras partes de España fuera de Andalucía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T17:34:04.943" Title="¿Se entiende el verbo &quot;canear&quot; como &quot;pegar, golpear&quot; fuera de Andalucía?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T08:13:52.187" Score="4" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de decirle a una persona no versada en la informática que me tiene que guardar un fichero &quot;en texto plano&quot;, y se me ha quedado mirando con cara rara. Y claro, ya me he dado cuenta de que &lt;em&gt;texto plano&lt;/em&gt; es una traducción a la ligera del inglés &lt;em&gt;plain text&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el Merriam-Webster, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plain&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;algo libre de artificios, ornamentos o materia extraña&quot;. Pero en la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TKFR668&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; del DLE no aparece ninguna acepción que se le asemeje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que una mejor traducción es &lt;em&gt;texto llano&lt;/em&gt;, ya que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NTzc9dz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;llano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;sencillo, sin ornamento alguno&quot;. Sin embargo, buscando en Google tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Texto llano&quot;: 28.400 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Texto plano&quot;: 446.000 resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia de uso es considerable. ¿Existe alguna traducción mejor que &quot;texto plano&quot; para &quot;plain text&quot; que sea más ampliamente usada en el mundo hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T01:50:15.260" Title="¿Existe alguna alternativa ampliamente usada que sea más apropiada que &quot;texto plano&quot; para &quot;plain text&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21649" CreationDate="2017-07-31T11:49:57.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy oriundo de Madrid y entendía &quot;canear&quot; con ese significado. Nunca lo asocié a &quot;dejar a alguien con el pelo blanco&quot;, pese a las otras acepciones de &quot;canear&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos diccionarios como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/canear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariolibre.com/definicion/canear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionariolibre&lt;/a&gt; recogen esta acepción (su uso se entiende fuera de Andalucía, y posiblemente se entienda en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jergasdehablahispana.org/?pais=Per%FA&amp;amp;palabra=canear&amp;amp;tipobusqueda=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;América también&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre lo relacioné más con &quot;meter caña&quot;. Resulta que hay un par de homófomos de &quot;cana&quot; (ver las dos últimas entradas de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?cana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace a Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Canna&lt;/em&gt; en latín es una vara (Lo vemos más claro en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?can.a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), con lo cual para mí &lt;em&gt;canear&lt;/em&gt; siempre significó &quot;Pegar con una vara&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T11:49:57.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21650" CreationDate="2017-07-31T12:54:50.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Solo texto&lt;/code&gt; tiene 847.000 resultados &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22solo%20texto%22&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Google&lt;/a&gt;, y se usa en traducciones de Windows (al menos para Latinoamérica). Creo que aunque no es perfecta, captura la esencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se usa como complemento del nombre, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo_de_texto#En_sistemas_Windows&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;de texto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece ser suficiente: &lt;code&gt;archivo de texto&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;fichero de texto&lt;/code&gt;, pues se sobreentiende que en ausencia de adjetivos no se espera algo distinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T13:29:15.610" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:29:15.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21612" CreationDate="2017-07-31T13:19:47.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;146 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pobre Tolkien. En fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un hoyo en tierra vivía un hobbit. No era feo, sucio, mojado, con colas de bicho ni olor a limo; tampoco seco, vacío ni arenoso, sin dónde sentarse o comer: era un hoyo-hobbit, o sea cómodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intenté ser fiel al orden y a los límites de las oraciones, con sólo alguna concesión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;nor yet&lt;/em&gt; tiene tres matices: una negación y una doble conjunción, que separo en &lt;em&gt;tampoco... ni&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No convierto el &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; porque lo considero forzado (si alguien lo quiere editar, serían 143 caracetres).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traduzco &lt;em&gt;filled&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; porque evidentemente no quiere decir que esté lleno &lt;em&gt;sensu stricto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No considero necesario explicitar el sujeto al principio de &quot;no era...&quot;, porque la posible ambigüedad entre &lt;em&gt;hoyo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hobbit&lt;/em&gt; queda resuelta al final de la misma oración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17308" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:19:47.800" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-31T13:19:47.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21637" CreationDate="2017-07-31T13:51:04.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence in your music book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al interpretar las obras, en muchos casos es necesario repetir trozos ya ejecutados, &lt;strong&gt;lo cual se indica&lt;/strong&gt; por medio de señales o signos, &lt;strong&gt;siendo&lt;/strong&gt; los principales los que se indican a continuación, &lt;strong&gt;sobre los cuale&lt;/strong&gt;s y para mejor distinguirlos colocamos una crucecita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;lo cual se indica&quot; -- here, &quot;lo cual&quot; refers to the whole phrase (&quot;repetir trozos ya ejecutados&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part that starts with &quot;siendo&quot; means: &lt;em&gt;the principal [most important] of these being&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sobre los cuales etc.&quot; means &quot;above which, and in order to make more of a distinction, we put a small cross.&quot;  It modifies &quot;los que se indican a continuación.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not a well written sentence.  It reminds me of spaghetti code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what it means in a loose translation, which I include here assuming you are a music student and would like to capture the basic idea of the paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When interpreting music, it is often necessary to repeat a figure, and this is indicated through special symbols, the most common of which are shown below, with a cross above each one, to make them easier to recognize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you are also a student of Spanish and needed some help hacking your way through what is rather a jungle of a sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:51:04.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T18:42:49.987" Score="4" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otro verbo que me hace llorar de desesperación es el verbo  «dudar» en forma negativa + el uso del subjuntivo después de este verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me han enseñado que se emplea el modo indicativo (en una oración en forma afirmativa) y el modo subjuntivo (en una oración en forma negativa). En el portal &lt;em&gt;Hispanoteca&lt;/em&gt; encuentro la siguiente explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) No dudo que tienes razón.&#xA;(= veo que tienes razón)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) No dudo que tengas razón.&#xA;(= tú dices que tienes razón, y te lo creo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francamente no veo ninguna diferencia en la explicación del uso de los modos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El poema les pareció tan extraño a ellos que nadie dudó que en&#xA;  realidad fuera escrito por este hombre.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me cuesta entender por qué se emplea el subjuntivo ya que diciendo «no dudo» niego la duda, ¿verdad? Además aquí tenemos «en realidad» que debería intensificar la certeza, ¿no? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado algunas líneas: &lt;em&gt;«el hablante se está refiriendo a algo que ha dicho otra persona o algo que ya ha sido manifestado en el contexto. El hablante rechaza o manifiesta su adhesión a lo manifestado en el contexto (rechazo contextual).»&lt;/em&gt; ¿Será esta la explicación de uso del subjuntivo después de «no dudar»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T19:24:34.497" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T02:39:09.110" Title="&quot;Dudar&quot; en forma negativa + el uso de los modos verbales después de &quot;no dudar&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21650" CreationDate="2017-07-31T21:57:36.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a una persona no versada en la informática&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo este el caso, puede que le sea más fácil entenderte si le dices que te lo guarde como &quot;TXT&quot; (&lt;em&gt;tequisté&lt;/em&gt;), o en formato TXT. También le puedes decir &quot;con extensión TXT&quot; pero no te lo recomiendo, ya que más de un lego en la materia al decirle esto último lo que hace es guardarlo como sea y luego cambiarle manualmente la extensión a .txt :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra expresión bastante usada es &quot;texto sin formato&quot;, aunque me da la sensación de que se usa más en los propios programas (sobre todo en editores de texto) que por la gente cuando habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, el 99% de los programas que pueda estar usando esta persona para guardar el archivo, a la hora de &quot;Guardar como...&quot; usarán alguno de los siguientes términos: &quot;texto plano&quot;, &quot;texto sin formato&quot; o &quot;solo texto&quot;. Y el 99% de los programas para Windows mostrarán junto a la opción indicada, la extensión &quot;*.txt&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T22:05:05.853" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T22:05:05.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21612" CreationDate="2017-07-31T22:30:13.630" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;129 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En un hoyo vivía un hobbit. No en uno feo, sucio, húmedo, con gusanos asomando y olor a lodo; ni uno arenoso, seco, nudo sin asiento ni comida. Era un &quot;hoyo hobbit&quot;: cómodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=hoyo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hoyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; ya implica &quot;en la tierra&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duplicando la partícula &quot;&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; se deja claro que estamos hablando del hoyo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Con gusanos asomando&quot;: no se les ve todo el cuerpo, sólo un trozo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=QhbG142&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nudo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;desnudo&lt;/strong&gt;, como traducción de &lt;em&gt;bare&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso de los dos puntos para enlazar &quot;hoyo hobbit&quot; y su significado de cómodo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T22:30:13.630" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-31T22:30:13.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21650" CreationDate="2017-08-01T01:34:11.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si se toman en cuenta las alternativas que hay   al &lt;em&gt;plain text&lt;/em&gt; que a la sazón son &lt;em&gt;csv : comma separated values&lt;/em&gt; o también &lt;em&gt;tsv : tab separated values&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente &lt;strong&gt;valores delimitados por coma, tabulador&lt;/strong&gt; entonces la elección lógica y con menos ambigüedad debe ser &lt;strong&gt;texto sin formato&lt;/strong&gt; o incluso &lt;strong&gt;texto simple&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que hacer la distinción, ocasionalmente en la codificación del texto mismo, pues estamos viviendo una transición del estándar ASCII al Unicode (UTF8). Un archivo de texto simple en ASCII, generará errores si el paquete que debe leerlo espera codificación UTF8 o viceversa. Windows para variar, codifica su texto simple en UTF16, pero las minucias de la codificación quedan fuera del alcance de este Stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Baste con especificar el formato y codificación requerida (v.gr texto simple UTF8 o valores separados por comas, ASCII) para así dar una especificación sin ambigüedades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica especificar la codificación es relevante si el archivo se género en una plataforma y será usado en otra. En la era de las PC, esto era lo más común. En la era de la nube, cada vez es más frecuente usar archivos en plataformas ajenas a las que los vio nacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evidencia que apoya &lt;em&gt;texto simple&lt;/em&gt; : los resultados del visualizador de ngramas en el corpus castellano: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Texto%20simple%2Ctexto%20plano%2Ctexto%20sin%20fornato&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctexto%20simple%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctexto%20plano%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;texto simple se usa casi el doble de ocasiones que texto plano, aunque texto plano adquiere popularidad a partir de los 90s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ka2QT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ka2QT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;visor de ngramas &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T01:50:15.260" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T01:50:15.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21666" CreationDate="2017-08-01T02:27:43.183" Score="8" ViewCount="9430" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Decir tacos&quot; es una forma coloquial de expresar que alguien está diciendo palabrotas (palabras malsonantes, groseras u ofensivas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE recoge esa acepción &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YvQrYuw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;con la entrada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;19&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Voto, juramento, palabrota. Echar, soltar tacos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando sobre la etimología de taco, no encuentro demasiado. La mayoría de las referencias se centran en el significado de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?taco.n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trozo de madera&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y unas pocas menos en el origen del término que da nombre al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plato de cocina&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es sorprendente que para la acepción que viene del habla coloquial sea más difícil rastrear el origen, pero es que no estoy teniendo ninguna suerte con los resultados de mi búsqueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cómo &quot;taco&quot; llegó a designar palabras &lt;em&gt;malsonantes, groseras u ofensivas&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T13:13:34.630" LastActivityDate="2020-08-23T12:48:02.453" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;taco&quot; el significado de &quot;palabrota&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-01T05:18:49.140" Score="1" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Spanish language . I was using an app to learn Spanish but in that there is no chance to speak with people. I would like to know a place where I can practice with real people.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T11:22:28.117" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T11:22:28.117" Title="Any place to speak with people in online in spanish?" Tags="&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-08-01T11:20:47.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-01T05:38:07.443" Score="6" ViewCount="860" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to translate the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I play silly card games for a living&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;into Spanish. I know that I can use a direct translation like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo juego tontos juegos de cartas para mis ingresos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or I can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego un juego de cartas para mis ingresos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in both translations I'm not really comfortable with the repetitive use of &quot;juegos&quot;, it just doesn't seem right and repetitive. Is there a better way to write this? Note that I'm trying to convey a slightly sarcastic tone in my sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T12:20:41.287" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T16:14:23.600" Title="Prevent a repetitive translation of this sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20071" CreationDate="2017-08-01T06:01:40.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usted lo ha preguntado mientras esa forma se está estableciendo. Como ya verificó, aunque hay algunos usos la forma femenina, aún no la reconoce la DRAE. Pues si quiere uno escribir en ámbito formal, ocupará lo masculino; y si le gusta más el neologismo femenino, entonces allí está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=campesina%2Cconductora%2Cfen%C3%B3mena&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Ccampesina%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcampesina%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCampesina%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCAMPESINA%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cconductora%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bconductora%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BConductora%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cfen%C3%B3mena%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram Viewer&lt;/a&gt; uno verá que &quot;conductora&quot; y &quot;campesina&quot; existían mucho antes de &quot;fenómena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T16:21:07.853" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T16:21:07.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21555" CreationDate="2017-08-01T06:29:30.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque la z terminal recuerda a los imperatives franceses, el dicho no aparece existir en tal idioma (sí encontré un &lt;a href=&quot;http://revista.consumer.es/web/ca/20131201/salud/77659.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sólo ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; en catalán).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el dicho resulta de una sencilla abreviación. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=_DSXCgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT88&amp;amp;ots=fQreC62yFk&amp;amp;dq=imperativos%20con%20z%20haz&amp;amp;pg=PT88#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El mismo cambio afectó a los imperativos &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;satisfaz&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;sal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Ya vemos que el segundo verbo es &lt;em&gt;cocer&lt;/em&gt; y que &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; se muestra en forma familiar. &quot;Calla y cuece&quot; sería la forma convencional de la frase idiomática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su significado se enfoca en lo importante y explicitamente cesa de discutir. Quitarle una sílaba no necesitada es justamente lo que manda a hacerse. En comparación con &quot;calla y cuece&quot;, aunque contiene dos rimas, a mí me parece que &quot;calla y cuez&quot; tiene más fuerza enfatizante. En cuanto a lo que quiere decir, es mejor dicho así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T02:49:40.733" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T02:49:40.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21661" CreationDate="2017-08-01T06:58:42.033" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues nos vamos a tener que ir bastante lejos, porque resulta que el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (tomo S-Z, 1739) ¡ya incluye esta acepción!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TACO. Vale también voto, juramento, ò porvida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para que quede claro a qué se refiere, véase la definición de &lt;em&gt;porvida&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PORVIDA. Juramento ò blasphémia que se dice jurando por la vida de Dios ù de sus Santos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el significado original más que a los tacos se refería a las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5g5ODQI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blasfemias&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;palabra o expresión injuriosas contra alguien o algo sagrado&quot;), que por entonces podrían sonar incluso peor al oído que cualquier taco de hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que expone del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; es del siglo XVII y se encuentra en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y por durar mucho la pendencia y hacer tardanza mi amo, no cesaba el matasiete de echar tacos y porvidas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;La vida y hechos de Estebanillo González&quot;, 1646 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se puede encontrar una referencia anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paje: ¿Sois hidalgo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Licas: De solar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y aun de echar tacos también, [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gaspar de Ovando, &quot;La Atalanta. Comedia en tres jornadas&quot;, 1616 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aun antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Así que, era protomédico, y alcalde y examinador mayor de los físicos que el diablo tenía en aquella provincia, y de sus arbolarios e oculistas e argebristas. Sus medicinas eran bramar y soplar y echar taco; y con este oficio vivía entre ellos y era tenido en mucho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, &quot;Historia general y natural de las Indias&quot; 1535-1557 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que llegamos hasta el siglo XVI ya con la expresión &quot;echar tacos&quot; incluida en el lenguaje. En todo caso, estos dos últimos ejemplos hay que cogerlos un poco con pinzas, porque pueden no significar lo que aquí tratamos. El ejemplo de 1646 está claro, pero los anteriores (cronológicamente) pueden significar, según el mencionado &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TACO. Entre los bebedores se llaman los tragos de vino, que beben sobre lo que han comido: y assi dicen, Echemos quatro tacos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  TACO. En la Germania significa el regueldo. [Sí, se refiere a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VjWD0tu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eructar&lt;/a&gt;.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo llegar más allá sin entrar ya en el terreno de las conjeturas. Se ve que la definición de &quot;eructar&quot; es al menos igual de antigua, por lo que puede haber influido en la que nos ocupa (por el tema de que salgan de la boca ruidos molestos). Pero no encuentro nada más. La definición que incluye Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611 incluye las acepciones de &quot;el tarugo que el que apretamos alguna cosa&quot;, &quot;la baqueta con que se aprieta el arcabuz después de cargado&quot;, y &quot;el martillejo con que se juega a los trucos&quot;. No se me ocurre relación alguna, mas algo debe de haber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosa esta última acepción de Covarrubias, por cierto, pues ya en 1607 Oudin definía en su diccionario español-francés el juego de los &quot;trucos&quot; o &quot;truecos&quot; como &lt;em&gt;un sorte de jeu de billard&lt;/em&gt;. Así que sí, se refiere a algo similar al billar de hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T11:48:25.640" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T11:48:25.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21663" CreationDate="2017-08-01T06:59:21.893" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hmmm... If it wasn't for the &amp;quot;silly&amp;quot; bit, I'd translate that as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Juego a las cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, where &lt;em&gt;ganarse la vida&lt;/em&gt; is IMO a better translation of &amp;quot;for a living&amp;quot;. But saying &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Juego a las tontas cartas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; would be weird, so you need to change either the verb or the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/jugar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;synonyms for &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; that might fit in there are: &lt;em&gt;apostar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;competir&lt;/em&gt;. You could also use &lt;em&gt;participar&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;usar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Apuesto en tontos juegos de cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Compito en tontos juegos de cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Participo en tontos juegos de cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Uso tontos juegos de cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to replace &lt;em&gt;juegos&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;partidas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=S0XqZnr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;partida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Cada una de las manos de un juego, o conjunto de ellas previamente convenido. // Each of the rounds of a game, or an agreed-upon set of rounds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you'd get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Juego a tontas partidas de cartas para ganarme la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A last thought: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tontos juegos de cartas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tontas partidas de cartas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; comes out a bit forced. Maybe &amp;quot;silly card games&amp;quot; could be translated as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;jueguecitos de cartas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; instead, where using the diminutive can convey the sarcastic tone you wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T06:59:21.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21668" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21679" CreationDate="2017-08-01T08:27:21.640" Score="4" ViewCount="413" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una de las canciones de Lunnis de Leyenda, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=video&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiop7yKy7XVAhWESxoKHePIDCEQtwIIJjAA&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtve.es%2Finfantil%2Fserie%2Flunnis%2Fvideo%2Fvideoclip-quevedo-espia%2F3983743%2F&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNEs1ECKHHfHR0na-FJ3PohtKJf2uw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la que trata de Quevedo&lt;/a&gt;, la letra dice algo así (marca de tiempo 01:30):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y al verle la guardia reconoció su cara famosa le delató.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en realidad son dos oraciones:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;em&gt;Y al verle la guardia reconoció su cara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;em&gt;su cara famosa le delató&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en la canción, se superponen ambas en &quot;&lt;em&gt;su cara&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, produciendo un curioso efecto de transición en el que cuando crees que aún no ha terminado la primera frase, te das cuenta de que en realidad ya estás en otra distinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene algún nombre este tipo de construcción, donde se usa un elemento común para solapar dos frases, de manera que no se pueden separar sin que una se quede &quot;coja&quot; como Quevedo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: Imagino que la letra escrita original tendrá una o varias comas en algún lugar de la frase, para dejar claro dónde se produce la elipsis, o incluso un pronombre que se quedó fuera al grabar la toma (&quot;la guardia &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; reconoció&quot; tendría sentido); pero vamos a suponer que no, que la frase es tal cual la he escrito yo. &lt;strong&gt;El objetivo de la pregunta no es analizar cómo sería la oración correcta&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que me interesa es esa curiosa manera de juntar las dos frases en una :)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T10:27:16.910" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T22:05:45.857" Title="¿Tiene nombre esta construcción gramatical?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21669" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21673" CreationDate="2017-08-01T09:46:12.693" Score="1" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabía qué &lt;strong&gt;hubiera preferido&lt;/strong&gt; para ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais por favor confirmar (o negar) lo que pienso? ¿&quot;&lt;em&gt;Hubiera preferido&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es un caso de alternancia aquí? ¿Debería ser &quot;&lt;em&gt;habría preferido&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T12:49:30.853" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T12:49:30.853" Title="¿Es &quot;no sabía qué hubiera preferido para ella&quot; un caso de alternancia?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21663" CreationDate="2017-08-01T10:30:55.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is indeed a tricky question so we are going to do some rewording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, you can say &quot;me dedico a&quot; to say &quot;for a living&quot;. So you have senteces such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dedico a la industria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me dedico a los juegos de azar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me dedico a programar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general structure is thus &quot;me dedico a [algo]&quot;. Note that [algo] does not need to be a verb, as you can see in the examples. So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dedico a estúpidos juegos de cartas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See? You drop the verb &quot;jugar&quot; as it is understood, and you're done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C0QNRgI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dedicar&lt;/a&gt;se a algo&quot; means &quot;to devote oneself to something&quot;, so I think it fits with what you are trying to say.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About the choice of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H2davi5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estúpido&lt;/a&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a1laMnE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tonto&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, that is because I am from Spain, and here the word &quot;tonto&quot; sounds somewhat silly (note the irony) in this context (despite what I have said &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19844/12637&quot;&gt;in another answer&lt;/a&gt; to another question), so I prefer &quot;estúpido&quot; as it is a bit stronger and sounds like the person considers the card games really silly. Maybe in Latin America you can use &quot;tonto&quot; without sounding silly (I insist, in this context), but that could be another question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T10:48:12.663" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T10:48:12.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21672" CreationDate="2017-08-01T11:57:49.660" Score="2" ViewCount="892" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estábamos discutiendo con un amigo acerca de una frase que dijo nuestro profesor de Historia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) ellos querían que se vayan [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi amigo dice que está mal usada la palabra &quot;vayan&quot;, y que debería usarse &quot;fueran&quot;. ¿Cuál es la opción correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17149" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T11:07:34.237" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T11:07:34.237" Title="Uso de un verbo conjugado en modo subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21671" CreationDate="2017-08-01T12:28:19.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma &lt;em&gt;vayan&lt;/em&gt; puede ser tanto imperativo como presente de subjuntivo. Por tanto, algunas frases que usen el tiempo &lt;em&gt;vayan&lt;/em&gt; de forma correcta podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vayan ustedes, que yo no puedo. [Imperativo formal, segunda persona del plural.]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No creo que ellos vayan a correr ese riesgo. [Presente de subjuntivo, tercera persona del plural.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en la frase que mencionas no se usa ni el imperativo ni el subjuntivo. Necesitas usar el subjuntivo dado que el verbo está en una oración de relativo, y la frase claramente hace referencia a un hecho pasado (&lt;em&gt;ellos querían&lt;/em&gt;), por tanto el tiempo a usar sería el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos querían que se fueran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tu amigo tiene razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace a la definición de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; del DLE&lt;/a&gt;, pulsa en &quot;Conjugar&quot; para ver la lista completa de tiempos verbales.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T13:14:33.340" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T13:14:33.340" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21669" CreationDate="2017-08-01T12:35:31.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las dos formas que mencionas (con subjuntivo y con condicional) se consideran actualmente aceptables, y están en uso habitual, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DPD&lt;/a&gt; (sección 1.1.2.b). En el DPD se habla del asunto dentro del uso de &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;, pero obviamente esto es extrapolable a todo tipo de oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; Si la condición se refiere al pasado, la prótasis va en pretérito&#xA;  pluscuamperfecto o antepretérito de subjuntivo y en la apódosis se&#xA;  emplea este mismo tiempo, preferentemente la forma en &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt;, aunque&#xA;  también se admite la forma en &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Si hubiera/hubiese tenido dinero,&#xA;  me hubiera/hubiese comprado un coche&lt;/em&gt;; el condicional compuesto o&#xA;  antepospretérito: &lt;em&gt;Si hubieras/hubieses estudiado, habrías aprobado&lt;/em&gt;; o&#xA;  el condicional simple o pospretérito: &lt;em&gt;Si hubiera/hubiese terminado los&#xA;  estudios, hoy tendría un trabajo mejor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante leer también el punto anterior (1.1.2.a), donde se comentan otras formas correctas e incorrectas en construcciones condicionales hipotéticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente yo uso y oigo más el subjuntivo que el condicional en estos casos (como en el ejemplo que das), aunque cuando escribo más propiamente cuido de usar el condicional. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T12:35:31.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21663" CreationDate="2017-08-01T14:10:47.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Combining both previous answers, for me it sounds better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gano la vida con estúpidos juegos de cartas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think with 'con' you already imply that you play card games for a living. But if you want to be more specific:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gano la vida jugando a estúpidos juegos de cartas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the term &quot;estúpidos&quot;, although is correct I think it is not exactly a Spanish person would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gano la vida con juegos de cartas (muy) facilitos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gano la vida con juegos de cartas para tontos (more natural)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depending on the context. The use of the term &quot;facilitos&quot; as the diminutive form of &quot;fáciles&quot; imply some pejorative meaning which be more explicit if we say &quot;para tontos&quot; (for idiots). &quot;facilitos&quot; can be replaced by &quot;sencillitos&quot; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17312" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T16:14:23.600" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T16:14:23.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21656" CreationDate="2017-08-01T14:22:32.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente, sí hay una diferencia semántica (muy pequeña he de reconocer). En el primer caso, que realmente creo que no se usa, vemos evidencias de que el hecho que nos transmite el interlocutor es verdad. Sería igual a &quot;Tienes razón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso b, no somos conscientes de que sea verdad el hecho pero nos lo creemos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda frase de ejemplo, además creo que se acentúa con el uso de la expresión &quot;en realidad&quot; y el tiempo pasado. Pero es claramente el caso b. Por la manera de escribir creen que lo ha escrito esa persona. Pero en realidad no le han visto hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como he comentado al principio, creo que el primer caso realmente no se usa, y lo que pasa normalmente es que la gente al hablar usa indistintamente el indicativo y el subjuntivo, cuando en realidad lo correcto sería usar este último.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17312" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T02:35:11.747" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T02:35:11.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21671" CreationDate="2017-08-01T14:35:58.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación es muy sencilla. El verbo de la oración subordinada debe estar en subjuntivo, y además en el mismo tiempo que el verbo de la oración principal: &quot;vayan&quot; es presente de subjuntivo, mientras que &quot;fueran&quot; es pretérito imperfecto (pasado). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el verbo principal estuviese en presente, entonces usaríamos &quot;vayan&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ellos quieren que se vayan&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si hablas de un hecho pasado, no puedes usar el verbo de la oración subordinada en presente, por tanto sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ellos querían que se fueran&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, por echar un capote a tu profe de Historia, en el lenguaje oral todos cometemos errores ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17312" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T14:35:58.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21467" CreationDate="2017-08-02T06:27:23.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por recuperar esta pregunta que se me había quedado un poco atrás, comentar que envié &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/885066565611384832&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; en su día a la RAE preguntando esta cuestión, y me respondieron &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/885121086274273280&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Generalmente se emplea un encabezamiento más específico, pero el que propone no es incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me especificaron el motivo exacto, y sé que más de uno tiene ciertos reparos con los tuits de la RAE cuando no son demasiado concretos. Supongo que la motivación que tendrá la RAE es que se trata de un neologismo que está cobrando fuerza en los últimos años, y acabará siendo aceptado al igual que se va a aceptar &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/perezreverte/status/886689800136392704&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;iros&quot;&lt;/a&gt; como forma popular del imperativo de &quot;ir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T06:27:23.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21680" CreationDate="2017-08-02T19:31:27.873" Score="5" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the RAE dictionary definition, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aRlZFZd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trasladar&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aJH8a9T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;transferir&lt;/a&gt;, there doesn't seem to be much of a distinction between them other than that &lt;em&gt;trasladar&lt;/em&gt; could be used to mean &quot;to reproduce a copy&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any significant distinction in usage between the two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17319" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T02:11:51.713" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T20:18:51.213" Title="What's the difference between &quot;transferir&quot; and &quot;trasladar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21668" CreationDate="2017-08-02T22:05:45.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece un &lt;strong&gt;zeugma&lt;/strong&gt;, que, según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeugma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...Es una figura de construcción sintáctica que consiste en utilizar una sola vez una palabra común para varias unidades análogas de la oración (un verbo para varios sujetos, un adjetivo para varios sustantivos, etc.), aunque ésta se refiera a otras más del periodo, solo se expresa en uno de ellos y ha de sobrentenderse en los demás. Consiste en la elipsis en una oración de un término enunciado en otra contigua segura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos de la Wikipedia son bastante más simples que el tuyo, así que no estoy para nada seguro de esta respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo, que la definición de &quot;zeugma&quot; que da Wikipedia no es la misma que da la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQwABIN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T22:05:45.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21678" CreationDate="2017-08-02T22:08:05.723" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trasladar&quot; means &quot;to move&quot;, &quot;to relocate&quot;, while &quot;transferir&quot; means &quot;to transfer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the definitions in the DRAE can be similar, people understand them very differently. &quot;Trasladar&quot; means basically &quot;pick one thing, move it, and place it at its new location&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Transferir&quot; usually implies a &quot;change of medium&quot;, like while you transfer information (info - digital pulses - receiver) or when a light beam is transferred to another medium, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T05:43:57.257" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T05:43:57.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21656" CreationDate="2017-08-02T22:17:00.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que ambas son correctas y, efectivamente, tienen significados ligeramente distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo se utiliza (a grandes rasgos) para cosas que no son &quot;hechos&quot; (no tomar como regla rigurosa, por favor)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente la primera oración dice &quot;no dudo que tienes razón&quot;. Al usar indicativo, indica que se trata de un hecho, y lo afirma. &quot;que el otro tiene razón&quot; es algo que no está en cuestión. Por tanto, esa frase probablemente continúa con &quot;Lo que dudo es esto otro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, en la segunda, utiliza el subjuntivo. Se debe a que &quot;que el otro tenga razón&quot; es algo que sí está en cuestión. La frase probablemente continúa con un &quot;pero&quot;, o un &quot;aunque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No dudo que tienes razón, lo que digo es que...&#xA;vs&#xA;No dudo que tengas razón, aunque...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, la segunda es siempre más correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T22:17:00.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2017-08-02T23:08:56.027" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión 'responsive', se traduce como 'adecuado'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17320" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T23:08:56.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21684" CreationDate="2017-08-03T01:31:15.403" Score="8" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pescar&quot; means &quot;to fish&quot;, but which verb would be used to indicate that somebody caught a fish? &quot;Captar&quot;, &quot;atrapar&quot;, &quot;coger&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T21:39:19.367" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T21:39:19.367" Title="How do you say &quot;he caught a fish?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21683" CreationDate="2017-08-03T01:44:42.287" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele usar con mayor frecuencia el verbo &lt;code&gt;atrapar&lt;/code&gt;. Puedes encontrar varios ejemplos de uso con una búsqueda rápida en Google como este artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikihow.com/atrapar-peces-sin-una-ca%C3%B1a-de-pescar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Cómo &lt;strong&gt;atrapar&lt;/strong&gt; peces sin una caña de pescar&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; o este &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/atrapar-pescar-un-pez.3098674/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hilo de wordreference&lt;/a&gt;, que discute el uso del término (resumiendo el contenido de ese hilo, que se adapta muy bien como respuesta a tu pregunta, &lt;strong&gt;el mejor verbo es por supuesto &amp;quot;pescar&amp;quot;; después de este, podría usarse &amp;quot;atrapar&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. El hilo no discute &amp;quot;coger&amp;quot;, aunque sí &amp;quot;pillar&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar también &amp;quot;coger&amp;quot; (salvo que estés en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8749/5481&quot;&gt;ciertos países de latinoamérica&lt;/a&gt; y quieras evitar el término).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer atrapé un pez &lt;em&gt;así&lt;/em&gt; de grande&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer cogí un pez &lt;em&gt;así&lt;/em&gt; de grande&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien apunta Carlos en los comentarios, &amp;quot;atrapar&amp;quot; tiene matiz de &amp;quot;capturar&amp;quot; (que es realmente lo que hacemos al pescar: capturar peces sacándolos del agua). Coger, que puede tener connotaciones más similares a &amp;quot;asir&amp;quot; en este caso, sería la opción menos buena para sustituir a &amp;quot;pescar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se usa &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7M88XDA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;captar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, que tiene un sentido más de atraer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Atraer&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien o &lt;strong&gt;ganar su voluntad&lt;/strong&gt; o afecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nadie dice que &amp;quot;capta un pez&amp;quot;, porque significaría que &amp;quot;percibe un pez&amp;quot; o que ha conseguido &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FMaToZa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;engatusar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; al pez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es también interesante que &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmXLO5X&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pescar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; se ha convertido en un sinónimo de coloquial para ciertas acciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pescar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Coger, agarrar o tomar cualquier cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si lo que buscas es sustituir el propio &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;pescar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; la mejor opción es &lt;strong&gt;atrapar&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que los peces son atrapados en redes, anzuelos o por otros métodos, capturados y sacados del agua de esta forma (convirtiéndose entonces en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12052/5481&quot;&gt;pescados&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá merzca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T11:44:16.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21683" CreationDate="2017-08-03T01:57:16.710" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I support Diego's answer but I want to add two more possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer pescó un pez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer agarró un pez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one might be local to Mexico, I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T01:57:16.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21671" CreationDate="2017-08-03T02:24:20.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Que se fueran&quot; es más natural, aún cuando el irse va a suceder en el futuro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis tíos están de visita de Guadalajara.  Cada quien tiene su opinión sobre cuándo deben regresar a casa, porque dejaron a la abuelita solita allá.  Mis papás querían que se fueran el lunes, pero mi hermana propuso ir a quedarse con la abuelita un par de días para que mis tíos se puedan quedar un poquito más tiempo con nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T02:24:20.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21656" CreationDate="2017-08-03T02:39:09.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el autor puso estas frases de ejemplos para (supuestamente) ayudar al estudiante a entender mejor el uso del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ya te sientes bien con (b), por intuición, pues quédate con eso, y olvídate de (a), que en la práctica se usa muy poco, o nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T02:39:09.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21688" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-03T05:49:19.180" Score="3" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know the meaning of abbreviation &quot;e.&quot; and &quot;v.&quot; usually seen in the resolutions and decrees of Argentina. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e. 22/12/2016 N° 97219/16 v. 22/12/2016&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here's a reference link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNorma/11514605/null&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNorma/11514605/null&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17322" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T07:55:29.703" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T09:28:59.650" Title="Abbreviations &quot;e.&quot; and &quot;v.&quot; in legal documents of Argentina" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;legislación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21688" CreationDate="2017-08-03T09:28:59.650" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cij.gov.ar/nota-8524-Lecciones-de-redacci-n--las-abreviaciones-III.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentinian government resource&lt;/a&gt;, they mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;e.&lt;/strong&gt; - &quot;enviado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (sent)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;v.&lt;/strong&gt; - &quot;visto&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (viewed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the example given they mean that the document, dated Dec. 19 as stated in the heading, was sent on Dec. 22 and viewed by the receiver the same day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They should've been written &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;e/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;v/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, with a slash instead of a dot, though; but it's an understandable mistake since almost all abbreviations use a dot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T09:28:59.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21693" CreationDate="2017-08-04T06:06:53.970" Score="8" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started out wondering if there was any Spanish analogy to the English construction &lt;code&gt;Speaking of, [independent clause]&lt;/code&gt; as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Speaking of potatoes, I love them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most obvious possibility is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablando de las papas, las amo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but to my (untrained) ear this sounds weird. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I realized that in English, the construction &lt;code&gt;Verbing, [independent clause]&lt;/code&gt; is more widespread. For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Walking to the post office, I saw John. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish could this be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caminando a la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or would you have to say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras estaba caminando a la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? More importantly, &lt;em&gt;is this natural? Do people actually talk like this?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17330" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T03:55:25.470" Title="Speaking of, [...] or Verbing, [...]" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21691" CreationDate="2017-08-04T07:19:10.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hablando de ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, that's exactly what we say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Speaking of Pedro, I saw him last night at the bar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Hablando de Pedro, lo vi anoche en el bar.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Speaking of dinner, what are you doing tomorrow night?&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Hablando de cenar, ¿qué haces mañana por la noche?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or the all-time famous (not a literal translation, but the equivalent saying in Spanish):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Speak of the devil and he doth appear!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Hablando del rey de Roma, por la puerta asoma!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a very common idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;code&gt;[verb + ing] + independent clause&lt;/code&gt;, your translation and use of the tense is also right. In Spanish those are just &lt;a href=&quot;http://iesbinef.educa.aragon.es/lengua/sintaxis/sintaxisweb/teoria.htm#a64&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subordinate adverbial sentences&lt;/a&gt; defining when the action is taking place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Walking to the post office, I saw John.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Caminando a la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, just like in English, you can throw a &quot;mientras&quot; in there if you like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;While I was walking to the post office, I saw John.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Mientras iba caminando a la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Mientras caminaba hacia la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T07:19:10.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21691" CreationDate="2017-08-04T07:24:33.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems like two separate questions, one about &quot;speaking of&quot; and the other about the &quot;verbing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is simple: yes, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablando de papas [patatas], me encantan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1584/12637&quot;&gt;A more interesting question&lt;/a&gt; could be the use of the verb &quot;amar&quot;, as it is a strong verb in some countries (in Spain we always try to avoid it and use &quot;gustar&quot;, &quot;encantar&quot;, &quot;querer&quot; and others; the English &quot;I love you&quot; is &quot;te quiero&quot; in Spain, not &quot;te amo&quot;). And the term &quot;papas&quot; is widely used in Latin America, but in Spain sounds a bit colloquial (maybe like the English &quot;tater&quot;), we prefer &quot;patatas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the other question, your options are just fine. Your sentences can be translated as you say. Here you have another option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De camino a Correos, vi a Juan. [In Spain the national company handling the posting service is &quot;Correos&quot;, so we can use that name to replace &quot;oficina de correos&quot;.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T07:24:33.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21695" CreationDate="2017-08-04T08:02:24.557" Score="15" ViewCount="9265" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hola&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is probably the most used salutation in the Spanish language.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some say it comes from Latin, others that it is an Arabic word, others claim English roots... (I'm sure details will be posted in the answers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But really, where does &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hola&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hola&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es probablemente el saludo más usado en lengua española.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algunos dicen que viene del latín, otros que es una palabra árabe, otros que tiene raíces inglesas... (estoy seguro de que las respuestas darán más detalles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en serio, ¿de dónde viene la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hola&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T09:57:51.240" LastActivityDate="2019-11-15T16:46:22.973" Title="Where does &quot;Hola&quot; come from? / ¿De dónde viene &quot;Hola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21694" CreationDate="2017-08-04T13:11:37.277" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Hola&amp;quot; parece venir de voces expresivas para infundir aliento o apresurar el paso, al igual que la palabra &amp;quot;hala&amp;quot; o la voz francesa &lt;em&gt;holá&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;hallo&lt;/em&gt; inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hola_(saludo)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE la palabra &lt;strong&gt;hola&lt;/strong&gt; es una voz expresiva que podría estar relacionada con el inglés &lt;em&gt;hello&lt;/em&gt; y el alemán &lt;em&gt;hallo&lt;/em&gt;.​ Corominas la considera también una voz de creación expresiva, y la relaciona además con el español &lt;strong&gt;hala&lt;/strong&gt;.​ La primera referencia de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;hola&lt;/strong&gt; que se tiene constancia en español data de 1552.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se acepta la relación del español &lt;strong&gt;hola&lt;/strong&gt; con la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;hello&lt;/em&gt;, variación decimonónica a su vez de &lt;em&gt;hallo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hollo&lt;/em&gt;, se puede considerar que la palabra española comparta la etimología que proporciona el &lt;em&gt;Oxford English Dictionary Online&lt;/em&gt;, que la relaciona con el antiguo alto alemán «&lt;em&gt;halâ&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;holâ&lt;/em&gt;, imperativo enfático de &lt;em&gt;halôn&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;holôn&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;‘traer, alcanzar’, utilizada especialmente para saludar a un barquero»&lt;/strong&gt;.​ El mismo diccionario la relaciona también con &lt;strong&gt;el francés &lt;em&gt;holà&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente «¡eh, ahí!», de &lt;em&gt;là&lt;/em&gt;, «ahí»)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?hola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; podría venir del griego οὖλε  (que significa &amp;quot;salve&amp;quot;, una expresión que ya aparece en &lt;em&gt;La Odisea&lt;/em&gt; de Homero), aunque la propia web de Etimologías de Chile reconoce que la RAE relaciona &lt;em&gt;hola&lt;/em&gt; con el inglés &lt;em&gt;hello&lt;/em&gt;, que a su vez vendría de &lt;em&gt;hallo&lt;/em&gt;, presente desde mediados del siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/hola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionario&lt;/a&gt;, alude a una &amp;quot;etimología incierta&amp;quot; y menciona una hipótesis &lt;strong&gt;desacreditada&lt;/strong&gt; que relacionaría &amp;quot;hola&amp;quot; con un origen árabe en والله (&lt;em&gt;wallāh&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;por dios&amp;quot;). Otras teorías sugieren que es una especie de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/3112247/El_origen_de_la_palabra_HOLA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;acrónimo ibérico&lt;/em&gt; para significar &amp;quot;todo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T08:10:37.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T21:05:09.250" Score="2" ViewCount="21376" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿De qué otra manera puedo decir: &quot;nos sentimos muy &lt;strong&gt;orgullosos&lt;/strong&gt; de poder&quot;, utilizando un sinónimo para la palabra &quot;orgullosos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17335" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T20:53:24.033" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T20:53:24.033" Title="¿De qué otra manera puedo decir &quot;nos sentimos muy orgullosos de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21696" CreationDate="2017-08-04T21:15:25.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/orgulloso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, algunos sinónimos para &lt;strong&gt;orgulloso&lt;/strong&gt; en la acepción en que la quieres usar son: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;satisfecho, contento, optimista, ufano, gozoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos sentimos muy satisfechos de poder...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nos sentimos muy contentos de poder...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nos sentimos muy ufanos de poder...   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, no usaría &lt;em&gt;optimista&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;gozoso&lt;/em&gt;, no terminan de cuadrarme. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T21:15:25.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21696" CreationDate="2017-08-04T21:58:00.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno es que, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;orgullosos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; ya denota un tipo de sentimiento muy específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías elegir otra palabra, pero definitivamente cambiaría el sentido o significado contextual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nos sentimos &lt;strong&gt;halagados&lt;/strong&gt; de poder...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nos sentimos &lt;strong&gt;agraciados&lt;/strong&gt; de poder...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nos sentimos &lt;strong&gt;honrados&lt;/strong&gt; de poder...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O quizás replanteando la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Representa un honor para nosotros poder...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9094" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T21:58:00.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20071" CreationDate="2017-08-04T22:50:32.000" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;fenómeno&quot; que siempre he conocido es para referirse a cosas, circunstancias, sucesos, características, verbos, pensamientos, sentimientos, y a todo lo que se conoce, incluso la existencia es un fenómeno. Podremos denominar como fenómeno incluso a la manera en que una persona mueve sus ojos para voltear a fijar un punto o como podemos interpretar los símbolos en conjunto a palabras y luego a pensamientos.&#xA;A mi parecer es correcto usarla a como se nos venga en gana, sin embargo, es incorrecto decir &quot;fenómena&quot;, lo cual ya sería otra palabra a la que le deberíamos encontrar o asignar significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es como decir &quot;zapatos para hombre&quot; y después querer decir &quot;zapatas para mujer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay demasiados términos que no tienen, ni deben tener, femenino y masculino, y hay que usarlos como se deben, en los contextos y oraciones adecuadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17336" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T22:50:32.000" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12025" CreationDate="2017-08-05T01:11:18.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct translation of what you were trying to express: &quot;I smoked some pork spare ribs this past weekend&quot; to Spanish would be &quot;Yo ahumé unas costillitas de cerdo el fin de semana pasado.&quot;&#xA;Whomever mentioned that: &quot;...smoking meat is not the same as smoked meat...&quot; is not realizing that the &quot;smoking&quot; in your sentence is a verb.  It is what makes the finished product of &quot;smoked meat&quot; to which he is referring. Since, in your sentence, the &quot;smoking&quot;results in the &quot;smoked meat&quot;.&#xA;It is not the same as &quot;smoking&quot; a cigarette which would be &quot;fumando&quot; I am smoking a cigarette is: &quot;[yo] or [me] estoy fumando un cigarillo.&quot;&#xA;It is matter of correctly conjugating the verb &quot;ahumar.&quot;&#xA;Just for fun. please note that: &quot;Yo ahumé un cigarillo means I &quot;smoked&quot; a cigarette--but in the way you &quot;smoke&quot; meat and not in the way you &quot;smoke&quot; a cigarette.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17337" LastEditorUserId="17337" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T01:20:06.853" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T01:20:06.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21707" CreationDate="2017-08-05T02:35:48.940" Score="5" ViewCount="3024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm aware that you can say &quot;¿Qué tal tu día?&quot;, and &quot;Cómo te fue el día?&quot;, but the second phrase is really asking someone how their day &lt;em&gt;went&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal tu día?&lt;/em&gt; is the exact same as asking someone how their day &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; seems like the most literal translation, so I wanted to ask: In what Spanish-speaking regions do people use the expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; if any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T12:55:19.643" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T17:12:03.823" Title="Which Spanish-speakers, if any, say &quot;¿Cómo estuvo tu día&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21703" CreationDate="2017-08-05T10:23:47.250" Score="3" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado esas tres palabras en mi diccionario visual, pero las líneas que conectan las palabras a las imágenes no están claras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción al inglés para las palabras son (según mi diccionario visual):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la región planta&lt;/strong&gt;r = instep (la parte baja de la imagen del pie)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el arco plantar&lt;/strong&gt; = arch (la parte baja de la imagen del pie) el&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el empeine&lt;/strong&gt; = bridge (la parte alta de la imagen del pie)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado ninguna pagina en español sobre la diferencia entre las palabras españolas. Aunque, he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dance.net/topic/7971307/1/Ballet-General/What-s-the-difference-between-your-arch-and-your-instep.html&amp;amp;replies=4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esa pagina&lt;/a&gt; que dice que la región plantar (instep) es la parte superior del pie y el arco plantar (arch) es la parte inferior del pie. Yo creería que la región plantar tiene que ser en la planta también :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro diccionario me confundió aún más. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/empeine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ese&lt;/a&gt; dice que el empeine es instep en inglés. Tiene sentido si consideramos la respuesta en la otra pagina pero entonces la traducción en mi diccionario visual no está correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pueden ayudar con la traducción al inglés y la parte del pie a que se refieren las palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias,&#xA;Norbert&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17338" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T17:57:19.320" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T17:57:19.320" Title="Diferencia entre el empeine, la región plantar y el arco plantar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21702" CreationDate="2017-08-05T12:03:12.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El empeine es la parte superior del pie (que abarca desde los dedos hasta el tobillo), y su traducción al inglés sería &lt;em&gt;instep&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por su parte, la región plantar es lo conocido como la &quot;planta del pie&quot;, y sería toda la parte inferior del pie, excluyendo los dedos y el talón. La traducción más correcta sería &lt;em&gt;sole&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y el arco plantar sería (nunca mejor dicho) la parte del pie más interna, que en mayor o menor medida forma un arco. Ten en cuenta que éste forma parte de la planta del pie. Su traducción sería &lt;em&gt;arch of the foot&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you have any further questions, or want me to clarify anything, just ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17339" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T12:03:12.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21701" CreationDate="2017-08-05T12:06:09.227" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué tal tu día?&quot; is ambiguous as to the time being asked about. It could mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;How is your day (going)?&lt;/em&gt; (asked as the day is going on)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;How did your day go?&lt;/em&gt; (asked at the end of the day)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my country (Argentina), I've never heard &quot;¿Cómo te fue el día?&quot;, which sounds ungrammatical to me. I very much prefer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo fue tu dia? / ¿Qué tal / Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &quot;cómo&quot; will accept either &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot;, while when asking &quot;qué tal&quot; the verb &quot;estar&quot; will be preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T12:06:09.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21708" CreationDate="2017-08-05T16:45:31.737" Score="3" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, say when correcting someone who has been looking for something in the wrong place, you can use &amp;quot;you want...&amp;quot; to point them into the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very contrived example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Person 1:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm looking for doctor Miller, I have an appointment with her regarding my heart problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Person 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Oh, you want doctor &lt;em&gt;Moller&lt;/em&gt;. Doctor Miller is an oncologist. She's on the third floor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or alternatively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Person 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Oh, you're looking for doctor &lt;em&gt;Moller&lt;/em&gt;. Doctor Miller is an oncologist. She's on the third floor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to express this in Spanish that is as elegant as the English version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="217" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T23:19:06.413" Title="Spanish expression for this specific use of &quot;You want&quot; or &quot;You are looking for...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21712" CreationDate="2017-08-05T16:53:30.647" Score="4" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas de las primeras &lt;em&gt;Ortografías&lt;/em&gt; que elaboró la RAE, incluían, junto con otros ejemplos de letras góticas usadas en documentos españoles antiguos, una &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=UicSAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT5&amp;amp;dq=ortograf%C3%ADa+lengua+castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tabla con las runas correspondientes a algunas letras españolas&lt;/a&gt;. ¿Por qué? ¿Se usaban runas para algo en el español antiguo? ¿Existen documentos donde pueda verse ese uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the first &lt;em&gt;Ortografías&lt;/em&gt; produced by the RAE included, along with other examples of Gothic letters used in old Spanish documents, a &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=UicSAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT5&amp;amp;dq=ortograf%C3%ADa+lengua+castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;table of runes for some Spanish letters&lt;/a&gt;. Why? Were runes used for anything in old Spanish? Are there any documents where this use can be seen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T22:26:28.170" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T22:26:28.170" Title="Norse runes in old Spanish dictionaries / Runas nórdicas en diccionarios antiguos" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21701" CreationDate="2017-08-05T17:12:03.823" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general inquiry I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal (fue/estuvo/anduvo) tu día?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuvo/anduvo tu día?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; work in the same way here, and sometimes &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; as well. In the second example I wouldn't use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo fue tu día?&lt;/em&gt; sounds like you're asking for a description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two can also be used but they may have different connotations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo te fue hoy?&lt;/em&gt; (sometimes suggests the other person had some important task or appointment ahead today, and you're asking how that went)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuviste/anduviste hoy?&lt;/em&gt; (sometimes suggests the other person had some ongoing trouble, such as an illness, and you're asking how they've been feeling)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can sometimes substitute &lt;em&gt;el día de hoy&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt;, but that sounds a bit more formal. In some places in Latin America people say &lt;em&gt;hoy día&lt;/em&gt; (almost as a single word) for &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T17:12:03.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21705" CreationDate="2017-08-05T18:14:17.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no &amp;quot;one size fits all&amp;quot; solution for every context. You could use some of these expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usted se &lt;strong&gt;refiere&lt;/strong&gt; a / Tú te &lt;strong&gt;refieres&lt;/strong&gt; a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, usted se &lt;strong&gt;refiere&lt;/strong&gt; al doctor Moller. El doctor Miller es oncólogo. Ella se encuentra en el tercer piso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que tú te refieres a Mark Walberg. Matt Damon no salía en esa película. Es fácil confundirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usted &lt;strong&gt;quiso decir&lt;/strong&gt; / Tú &lt;strong&gt;quisiste decir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, usted  tal vez &lt;strong&gt;quiso decir&lt;/strong&gt; que viene a ver al doctor Moller. El doctor Miller es oncólogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;quisiste decir&lt;/strong&gt; Canberra verdad? Sidney no es la capital de Australia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usted &lt;strong&gt;lo que [realmente] quiere es&lt;/strong&gt; / Tú &lt;strong&gt;lo que [realmente] quieres es&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, usted  &lt;strong&gt;lo que quiere&lt;/strong&gt; es ver al doctor Moller. El doctor Miller es oncólogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, tú &lt;strong&gt;lo que realmente quieres&lt;/strong&gt; son unos altavoces nuevos, no una tarjeta de sonido. Tu ordenador no necesita eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This latter one could also be &amp;quot;lo que usted [realmente] &lt;strong&gt;necesita&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T18:14:17.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21694" CreationDate="2017-08-05T20:36:54.077" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dejar aquí constancia de lo que opinaba la RAE en el siglo XVIII (Diccionario de Autoridades):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOLA. interj. Modo vulgar de hablar usado para llamar a otro que es inferior. Latín &lt;em&gt;Heus&lt;/em&gt;, que es de donde viene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso que por entonces se considerara una forma vulgar de saludar, por lo que podría ser utilizado hasta como insulto contra la persona adecuada. Covarrubias directamente lo describe así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOLA, y hao, está corrompido de &lt;em&gt;heus&lt;/em&gt;, adverbium vocandi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, adverbio para llamar a otras personas. No da muchas más explicaciones, pero insiste en su origen latino. Y por contradecir un poco a Corominas (autor que cita la Wikipedia), veo un caso de &amp;quot;hola&amp;quot; en el CORDE de 1528:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A vos, hermano. ¡Hola! ¿Mora aquí una señora que se llama la Loçana?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francisco Delicado, &amp;quot;La Lozana Andaluza&amp;quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-13T08:56:10.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21706" CreationDate="2017-08-05T23:04:49.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me consta que se hayan usado runas para escribir español, en ninguno de sus estadíos históricos. Es posible que la Ortografía en cuestión simplemente incluyese las runas de manera ilustrativa, como un alfabeto más. Algo notable es que las runas derivan de formas de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Italic_script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escritura itálica antigua&lt;/a&gt;. Los alfabetos itálicos eran usados para escribir lenguas protoindoeuropeas como el latín y también no-PIE como el etrusco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los detalles de cómo un alfabeto usado para el latín terminó dando forma a runas usadas por anglosajones y escandinavos no están claros, pero se da por hecho que pueblos germánicos entraron en contacto con estos alfabetos en la Península Itálica quizá a través de los mercenarios germanos empleados por el ejército romano en el período imperial (a partir del siglo I a. C.); o bien antes, en el siglo III a. C., en la región actual del Véneto, que era germánica y fue luego conquistada por los latinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T12:55:16.977" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T12:55:16.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21714" CreationDate="2017-08-06T04:07:39.060" Score="4" ViewCount="7691" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me he tropezado con un artículo que decía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá &lt;strong&gt;cañí&lt;/strong&gt;: lo más sobrenatural del cine español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cinemania.elmundo.es/galeria/mas-alla-cani-lo-mas-sobrenatural-del-cine-espanol/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cinemanía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio, me pareció que simplemente decía algo así como:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Más allá español/patrio: lo más sobrenatural del cine español&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero al buscar &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7GClmV1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cañí&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; en el diccionario me sorprendió que el significado aceptado (y única acepción) es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JDtQUsF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gitano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ de un pueblo originario de la India). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dudo mucho que ese artículo sobre cine quisiera decir &amp;quot;Más allá gitano&amp;quot; (o de etnia gitana o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6lVhQhp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). Ni siquiera &amp;quot;gitano&amp;quot; en su acepción de &amp;quot;que tiene gracia y arte para ganarse las voluntades de otros&amp;quot; me cuadra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco más he encontrado los términos relacionados en &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a_ca%C3%B1%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;España Cañí&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;España cañí (España &lt;strong&gt;gitana&lt;/strong&gt;) es un pasodoble compuesto por [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que entiendo que &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;cañí&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; realmente se refiere a la etnia gitana, lo que añade más confusión al título del artículo sobre cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;cañí&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; otras acepciones aparte de la de &amp;quot;etnia gitana&amp;quot;? ¿O es que el artículo realmente se titula &amp;quot;Más allá &lt;strong&gt;gitano&lt;/strong&gt;: lo más sobrenatural del cine español&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T08:52:42.850" Title="¿Qué acepciones tiene el término &quot;cañí&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21713" CreationDate="2017-08-06T08:52:42.850" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En otros diccionarios se le da la definición de típico o tradicional de España. En la enciclopedia &lt;a href=&quot;http://espasa.planetasaber.com/encyclopedia/default.asp?idreg=59144&amp;amp;ruta=Buscador&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Espasa&lt;/a&gt; por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cañí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perteneciente o relativo a la España folclórica más tradicional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/ca%C3%B1i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; hay esta otra definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. col. Típico, folclórico: España cañí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El buscador Google (no sé que diccionario utiliza) nos devuelve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;ESPAÑA&lt;/code&gt; coloquial &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tiene los rasgos que se asocian a la España&#xA;  folclórica y tradicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que el artículo al que te refieres le da el significado a la palabra &lt;em&gt;cañí&lt;/em&gt; de algo típico español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T08:52:42.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21678" CreationDate="2017-08-06T20:18:51.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Transferir se refiere a cosas &quot;no físicas&quot; y son cosas poseídas por alguien, como conocimiento, que pasan a alguien más. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Le han transferido el derecho de criar a los niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y trasladar es para cosas &quot;físicas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: Tu padre y yo nos trasladamos a otra ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes &lt;strong&gt;trasladar&lt;/strong&gt; un mueble, puedes trasladar un auto de un lugar a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes &lt;strong&gt;transferir&lt;/strong&gt; un conocimiento, puedes transferir el derecho de posesión de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumen:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transferir tiene mucha relación a cosas que te pertenecen. Transferencia son posesiones &lt;strong&gt;no físicas&lt;/strong&gt; que pasan de una persona a alguien más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que trasladar es solo el mero hecho de &quot;mover algo&quot; algo que es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;físico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es mi humilde conocimiento, que creo que te puede servir, eso es lo que yo tengo entendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17351" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T20:18:51.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2017-08-06T20:23:42.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ver = Apreciar algo a detalle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirar = La simple acción de usar tus ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los días &lt;strong&gt;miras&lt;/strong&gt; cosas, pero pocas veces &lt;strong&gt;ves&lt;/strong&gt; cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cualquier forma, no te molestes en cual usar, las personas no le dan importancia a cosas así, como sea que lo uses es correcto,ya sea que uses &quot;ver&quot; o &quot;mirar&quot;, la única diferencia entre ambos es la percepción y la atención que le prestas a algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17351" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T20:23:42.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-07T04:07:24.560" Score="13" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an American re-learning Spanish (I took classes in school years ago). However, I find it very difficult to wade through the inconsistencies between dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't get me wrong, I find the intricacies and nuances interesting and even at times both rewarding and useful to get to know. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, these inconsistencies have become rather confusing and are slowing me down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To try to save some time and distress, I'd like to focus on learning only a single dialect of Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I choose which dialect will be most useful to learn as an American?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Which dialect will be understood by the most people in the US? (Which is the most &quot;generic&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Which dialect, if spoken, carries the least connotation (e.g., is not considered pretentious or slow/uneducated by the broader Spanish-speaking community)? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; Note: I get that this is fairly subjective and almost certainly varies based on where you are in the United States. But I see signs written everywhere in Spanish -- which dialect do sign makers generally use in the US? &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16908" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T01:53:33.037" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T01:53:33.037" Title="I'm an English-speaking American relearning Spanish -- which dialect do I choose?" Tags="&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21717" CreationDate="2017-08-07T15:16:33.140" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://alphaomegatranslations.com/foreign-language/what-types-of-spanish-are-spoken-in-the-u-s/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this source&lt;/a&gt;, Mexican Spanish (actually ten dialects of Mexican Spanish from different parts of Mexico!) is the most spoken dialect of Spanish in the United States, followed by Caribbean Spanish (Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, Panamanian, Venezuelan, and some varieties of Colombian Spanish) and finally Central American Spanish. For an American, Mexican Spanish seems like a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No dialect is without some sociological baggage. You cannot and should not try to cater to other people's prejudices. Being a non-native speaker, anyway, you are most likely to be &quot;forgiven&quot; for speaking a non-prestige dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn the basics of Spanish by going to classes, but you'll only learn it truly on repeated exposure to speakers, and these will be probably diverse, so you'll pick up a mixture of dialects, if you're lucky. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammar does not vary a lot among dialects.* You may find differences in the names of everyday items and in slang, but this will happen no matter what. Just as you know better than to use certain words in polite company and in formal occasions, you'll know when you can get away with Spanish slang and when it's more convenient to stick to formal terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Verb conjugation &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; vary if you consider the dialects which employ &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;voseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but people who use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; will understand you perfectly if you use the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; forms. European Spanish also uses &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, but I assume you weren't even considering European Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-07T15:23:14.657" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T15:23:14.657" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1362" CreationDate="2017-08-07T16:01:53.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learn confusing vocabulary best visually, so I want to try to clarify this a bit using pictures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuenco o Bol:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i8nZZm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i8nZZm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GQyyWm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GQyyWm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;Bol&lt;/em&gt; more often used for larger bowls]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tazón:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/frPdgm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/frPdgm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; [has a &quot;foot&quot;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plato hondo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t5fO7m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t5fO7m.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; [literally &quot;deep plate&quot;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above seem to be the most distinct uses of these various words that I have picked up on. However, it seems many people/dialects use each of these words more broadly (or synonymously) or even not at all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As pointed out in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1368/16908&quot;&gt;another answer&lt;/a&gt;, some dialects seem to just use &lt;em&gt;Plato&lt;/em&gt; with certain context words to refer to bowls. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; (Note: I am a native English speaker trying to relearn Spanish, so if you disagree, have further input, better pictures, etc., please update or comment. Thanks!) &lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16908" LastEditorUserId="16908" LastEditDate="2017-08-07T21:24:42.027" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T21:24:42.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21749" CreationDate="2017-08-07T21:52:24.377" Score="12" ViewCount="3625" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos hemos visto en documentales históricos o en ficciones cómo un grupo de arqueros se adelanta, dispara simultáneamente una ráfaga de flechas hacia el enemigo y se retira (o pone otra flecha en el arco, etc.). ¿Hay algún término para esta lluvia o ráfaga de flechas disparadas coordinadamente? En inglés se dice &lt;em&gt;volley of arrows&lt;/em&gt;; en castellano se me ocurrió que debía ser una &lt;em&gt;andanada&lt;/em&gt;, pero según la RAE una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=andanada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;andanada&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a cañones. ¿Será posible extender este término a las flechas, o hay otro más específico? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T08:39:09.917" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T16:33:02.413" Title="¿Cómo se le llama a un grupo de flechas disparadas?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21722" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-07T22:06:25.067" Score="4" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;h3&gt; Español &lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, algunas personas usan el pronombre indefinido &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_(pronoun)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (uno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Véase la versión en inglés de la pregunta para ejemplos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, se usa esta palabra cuando quiere uno ser formal y para evitar el uso de la segunda persona &quot;you&quot; (tú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo uso esta construcción en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Específicamente, ¿cómo conjugo verbos con el pronombre indefinido &quot;one?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt; English &lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, some people use the indefinite pronoun &quot;One.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example: One does not eat bread without butter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example: How does one bake a cake?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, they use this word when they want to be formal and to avoid using the second-person &quot;you.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I use this approach in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Specifically, how do I conjugate verbs when I use the indefinite pronoun &quot;one?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16908" LastEditorUserId="16908" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T21:59:06.513" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T21:59:06.513" Title="¿Cómo conjugo verbos con el pronombre indefinido &quot;One&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21722" CreationDate="2017-08-07T23:19:57.713" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que se puede usar &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; tal y como en inglés (y así usando la 3.ª singular del verbo), como debe de ser obvio por el primer verbo en esta oración, el español te permite usar el verbo en forma pronominal, llamado el &lt;em&gt;pasivo impersonal&lt;/em&gt;, con este significado.  Por tanto, los ejemplos que tienes se los puede (jeje) traducir como lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No se come el pan sin mantequilla  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se hace un pastel?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero cuidado: el &lt;em&gt;pasivo impersonal&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; en tercera personal singular.  Nota la pequeña diferencia entre estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Se puede traducir las palabras fácilmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Se pueden traducir las palabras fácilmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero es impersonal, y se interpreta como el inglés &lt;em&gt;One can translate...&lt;/em&gt; mientras el otro es el &lt;em&gt;pasivo reflejo&lt;/em&gt; y aproxima la voz media y en inglés se traduce normalmente usando la voz pasiva: &lt;em&gt;The words are easily translated&lt;/em&gt;.  Si el sujeto es singular, a veces es difícil si no imposible saber cuál es cuál, pero como el significado de ambos en tal caso es bastante parecida, no hay problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T23:19:57.713" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21768" CreationDate="2017-08-08T09:11:08.637" Score="4" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Tenemos nuevo ganador!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21768/13628&quot;&gt;blonfu&lt;/a&gt; en su primera participación ha conseguido la traducción más corta. ¡Enhorabuena!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en anteriores partidas, el ganador tiene dos días para elegir el texto de la siguiente edición y crear la pregunta correspondiente. Pasado ese plazo, cualquier usuario podrá hacerlo :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Nueva edición de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las reglas dicen que el texto original puede estar en cualquier idioma, pero hasta ahora todos los textos han sido en inglés. ¿Qué os parece si probamos un idioma nuevo? :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación presento un fragmento de una canción en italiano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ed è così che va la vita e il suo percorso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  In equilibrio tra il rimpianto ed il rimorso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  E restiamo a curare I nostri pezzi di cuore&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Che siamo il sangue che scorre e che inventa l’amore&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Il passato è passato e non c’è niente da fare&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo puoi perdere o lo puoi cercare&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  In queste notti così vuote&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  E nella camera 200 note&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(249 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son innumerables las canciones en italiano que han sido traducidas al español a lo largo de los años, con mayor o menor fortuna. A pesar de ser idiomas bastante parecidos, las restricciones de métrica y rima hace que muchas veces la letra en español cambie un poco el sentido del original. Por ejemplo, la letra oficial de la versión en español de esta misma canción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Y por ahí se van la vida y su camino&lt;br&gt;&#xA; en equilibrio entre el lamento y el tormento&lt;br&gt;&#xA; y tú y yo remendamos un corazón que se ha roto&lt;br&gt;&#xA; que somos sangre que fluye y que vive de amores&lt;br&gt;&#xA; el pasado es pasado y no se puede hacer nada&lt;br&gt;&#xA; o lo pierdes o no lo buscabas&lt;br&gt;&#xA; los sonidos ahora flotan&lt;br&gt;&#xA; y a nuestro alrededor 200 notas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(243 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quien entienda italiano*, podrá ver que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;esta no es una traducción fiel al original&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y, por tanto, no valdría como respuesta para este juego ;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;* Quien no, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pastebin.com/XuZbhZpD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí tiene una traducción al ingles&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Os veis capaces de crear una letra mejor? Y para quien se atreva con la rima...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡BONUS!&lt;/strong&gt;: aplican los bonus por rima propuestos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21045/translation-golf-viii-with-a-twist&quot;&gt;la edición VIII del juego&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima asonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima consonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andiamo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T13:36:53.343" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T13:36:53.343" Title="Translation Golf XIV - 200 note" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;rima&gt;&lt;italiano&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-08T09:21:19.397" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21726" CreationDate="2017-08-08T10:29:03.193" Score="7" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una encuesta de satisfacción de atención al cliente de una tienda online aparece la palabra &lt;strong&gt;'helpful'&lt;/strong&gt;. Esta compañía ha traducido esta palabra al castellano como &lt;strong&gt;'servicial'&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bly1T.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bly1T.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter preformatted text here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pensáis que, en este contexto, &lt;strong&gt;'servicial'&lt;/strong&gt; es la mejor traducción de &lt;strong&gt;'helpful'&lt;/strong&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;=== Edited 2018 =======================================&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto, la empresa, ha corregido el texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vxslE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vxslE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17362" LastEditorUserId="17362" LastEditDate="2018-07-20T21:18:45.753" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T21:18:45.753" Title="Traducción de 'helpful' en encuesta de satisfacción" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21725" CreationDate="2017-08-08T10:53:37.110" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, no.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Una persona puede ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=servicial&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;servicial&lt;/a&gt; sin serme &lt;strong&gt;de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=4cL8wGW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ayuda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en absoluto; y, de igual manera, una persona puede ser de gran ayuda sin comportarse de manera servicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como habrás adivinado, te propongo la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de ayuda&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le fue de ayuda el representante de Jineta?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;De muy poca o ninguna ayuda.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;De poca ayuda.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ni mucha ni poca ayuda.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;De alguna ayuda.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;De mucha ayuda.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opcion sería cambiar la pregunta por &lt;strong&gt;¿Está usted satisfecho con la ayuda recibida por el representante de ...?&lt;/strong&gt;, siendo las opciones: muy poco o nada satisfecho, poco satisfecho, etc; aunque tiene la pega de que no es neutral en cuanto a género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T10:55:09.243" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T10:55:09.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21725" CreationDate="2017-08-08T11:45:36.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi &lt;code&gt;servicial&lt;/code&gt; tampoco me parece la mejor opción. No solo no suena del todo bien al oído, si no que, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21726/5481&quot;&gt;como apunta Walen en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, tiene el significado de &amp;quot;Que sirve con cuidado, diligencia y obsequio&amp;quot; en el sentido de &amp;quot;Estar al servicio de alguien; Hacer lo que alguien dispone.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo habría intentado usar &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bCSFzkP%7CbCTJISY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;útil&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UTUonKT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;provechoso&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, pero tampoco terminan de cuadrar, ya que el representante es una persona, y decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Le fue útil el representante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es casi convertirle en objeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría intentarse usar los términos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YI3otXt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solícito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adj. Diligente, cuidadoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0X2Qs5m&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acomedido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adj. Chile, Ec., Guat., Hond., Méx., Nic., Pan., Perú y R. Dom. Servicial, oficioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero una vez más tendrías que darle un poco la vuelta a la frase, y decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue &lt;em&gt;solícito&lt;/em&gt; el representante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue &lt;em&gt;acomedido&lt;/em&gt; el representante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suena también raro. Al final, uno termina diciendo &amp;quot;esto no mejora casi &lt;em&gt;servicial&lt;/em&gt;!!&amp;quot; y terminaría usando &lt;code&gt;servicial&lt;/code&gt; como el original o preguntando simplemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿(Le) Fue &lt;em&gt;de ayuda&lt;/em&gt; el representante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá no sea la &lt;em&gt;mejor&lt;/em&gt; opción, pero es la &amp;quot;menos mala&amp;quot; que yo he podido encontrar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T11:45:36.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5369" CreationDate="2017-08-08T13:06:14.387" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay tres palabras que se suelen utilizar para traducir &lt;em&gt;responsive&lt;/em&gt; en relación a las páginas web: adaptable, adaptativo y responsivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;em&gt;adaptable&lt;/em&gt; es la palabra que suena más natural y parece ser la preferida de la gente en la teoría porque en la práctica se usa poco y se tiende a utilizar la palabra directamente en inglés o &lt;em&gt;responsivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo voy a defender el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WCx2AoN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;responsivo&lt;/a&gt; que es una palabra perfectamente válida en español que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una definición similar a la palabra en inglés y por lo tanto creo que válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de preferir el término &lt;em&gt;responsivo&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;adaptable&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;adaptativo&lt;/em&gt; es que hay un concepto llamado «adaptive web», que aunque similar no es lo mismo que «responsive web» y para evitar confusiones (&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.interdominios.com/7-grandes-diferencias-entre-adaptive-web-design-y-responsive-web-design/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; un artículo explicando las diferencias) yo veo más lógico traducir &lt;em&gt;adaptive web&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;web adaptativa&lt;/strong&gt; o adaptable y &lt;em&gt;responsive web&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;web responsiva&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt; tenemos pocas coincidencias para la palabra &lt;em&gt;responsivo&lt;/em&gt; pero a mi entender los ejemplo del CREA sirven para darnos una idea de que sería factible emplearlo para definir un tipo de diseño web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte veo que ni a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/288942744699809792&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; ni a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/diseno-web-adaptativo-traduccion-de-responsive-web-design-1573/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu BBVA&lt;/a&gt; les gusta &lt;em&gt;responsivo&lt;/em&gt; aunque difieren en la palabra elegida: la RAE propone &lt;em&gt;adaptable&lt;/em&gt; mientras que Fundéu prefiere &lt;em&gt;adaptativo&lt;/em&gt;. Yo me pregunto como traducirían entonces &lt;em&gt;adaptive web&lt;/em&gt;, ellos dan su opinión de qué palabra se ajusta más al término original en inglés pero yo lo veo desde dentro del sector y quiero diferenciar los conceptos de alguna manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T06:21:57.547" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T06:21:57.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21729" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21741" CreationDate="2017-08-08T16:31:33.307" Score="11" ViewCount="6720" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según he escuchado, la palabra &quot;che&quot; viene de Argentina y se usa para referirse a alguien. Lo que no sé bien es de qué forma se usa esta palabra. También existe &quot;El Che&quot; para referirse a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Che_Guevara&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ernesto (Che) Guevara de la Serna&lt;/a&gt;, a quien conocían así por ser argentino. ¿Cómo se usa esta palabra y qué significa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17076" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T19:39:11.433" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T21:53:40.250" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;che&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21729" CreationDate="2017-08-08T16:48:16.237" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se podría hacer una comparación de &quot;che&quot; con el estadounidense &quot;hey&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como significar, no significa nada. De todas maneras, muchas veces para llamar a alguien (conocido) se le dice por ejemplo &quot;¡che! vení acá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se lo utiliza para hablar de una tercera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17366" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T20:44:03.753" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T20:44:03.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21729" CreationDate="2017-08-08T16:48:24.657" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=8gKEtDx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;che&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt;, voz con que se llama a personas y animales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. Val., Arg., Bol., Par. y Ur. U. para llamar, detener o pedir atención a alguien, o para denotar asombro o sorpresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su origen es simplemente fonético, un sonido o voz usado para llamar la atención de alguien (o algo). Es equivalente a &quot;eh&quot;, &quot;epa&quot; y otros similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El porqué de su prevalencia en algunas zonas (Valencia dentro de España, o Argentina en general) y no en otras, se me escapa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En Argentina puede ser por influencia de unos primeros pocos colonos que la usasen, o porque al ser tierra de mucho caballo y ganado es más habitual el uso de este tipo de expresiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T16:48:24.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21739" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:00:53.697" Score="7" ViewCount="105219" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunos lenguajes (chino, y creo que inglés también) existe una palabra para referirse a la acción de hacer dos o más tareas a la vez. ¿Existe alguna palabra así en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T21:06:55.997" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T22:48:46.717" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra en español para referirse a la acción de hacer dos o más tareas a la vez?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21733" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:28:28.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español, y otra en inglés. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitar su uso en preguntas que solamente necesiten una &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; para indicar el idioma de esa edición del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:43:18.953" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:43:18.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21734" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:28:28.920" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español e inglés. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and English languages.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:43:18.953" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:43:18.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21735" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:29:10.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español, y otra en italiano. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitar su uso en preguntas que solamente necesiten una &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; para indicar el idioma de esa edición del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:42:57.217" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:42:57.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21736" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:29:10.920" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español e italiano. // Domande sul rapporto tra spagnolo e italiano." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:42:57.217" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:42:57.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21737" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:39:13.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aliteración&lt;/strong&gt; es la reiteración o repetición de sonidos semejantes en un texto o fragmento literario, como por ejemplo en el verso de Rubén Darío &lt;em&gt;“con el ala aleve del leve abanico”&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliteraci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T06:50:02.410" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T06:50:02.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21738" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:39:13.750" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de esta figura literaria." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T06:49:55.757" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T06:49:55.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21732" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:57:14.130" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/multitarea&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;multitarea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, aunque no aparece como tal en el diccionario de la RAE por ser una palabra compuesta, existe en español y se usa exactamente en el sentido que indicas (también para personas: es común escuchar que &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=mujeres%20multitarea&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;las mujeres son multitarea&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, aunque sea un tópico algo sexista). Eso sí, funciona normalmente como adjetivo o, si acaso, sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo que no estoy seguro es de que haya un verbo que signifique &quot;hacer varias cosas a la vez&quot;, que creo que es lo que buscas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo más parecido sería quizá &lt;strong&gt;concurrir&lt;/strong&gt; (por aquello de que multitarea es cuando varias tareas se llevan a cabo de manera concurrente), pero no termina de cuadrar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=concurrir&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;concurrir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;concurrĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de diferentes personas, sucesos o cosas: Juntarse en un mismo lugar o tiempo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de diferentes cualidades o circunstancias: Coincidir en alguien o en algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros verbos que podrías usar: &lt;strong&gt;solapar&lt;/strong&gt; tareas, &lt;strong&gt;agrupar&lt;/strong&gt; tareas, &lt;strong&gt;unificar&lt;/strong&gt; tareas. Cada cual con sus matices, pueden cuadrar con el uso que necesitas, aunque ninguno al 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:47:47.993" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:47:47.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21724" CreationDate="2017-08-08T21:02:38.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Uoh, un translation-golf en italiano! ¡Me encanta! ¡Me lo apunto para la próxima!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;233 223 197&lt;/strike&gt; 186 caracteres (168 con bonus de rima consonante)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y así va la vida y su andanza:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dolor y pesar en la balanza,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  corazones rotos que debemos sanar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la sangre fluye para el amor crear.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El pasado, sin remedio, se va, se ofusca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  o se pierde o se busca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en estas noches tan rotas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y en la sala 200 notas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Concesiones:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Andanza&quot;: Acción de recorrer diversos lugares considerada como azarosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;equilibrio&quot; por &lt;strike&gt;&quot;estable&quot;&lt;/strike&gt; &quot;balanza&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Uso de &lt;em&gt;pasión&lt;/em&gt; (inclinación o preferencia muy vivas de alguien a otra persona) en vez de &lt;em&gt;amor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Altero el orden de perder y buscar, no sé si eso alterará el significado de los dos últimos versos.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al reducir el sexto verso me quedó buscar una palabra que acabara en &quot;-usca&quot;, espero que introducir &quot;ofusca&quot; para indicar que el pasado poco a poco queda atrás y se difumina no rompa la traducción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Los dos últimos versos, curiosamente, son los que me están dando más guerra. No consigo rimarlos coherentemente, y al final he tirado por &lt;em&gt;remotas&lt;/em&gt;, lo que me va a valer la descalificación, dado que no traduce el sentido de &lt;em&gt;vacías&lt;/em&gt; más que de refilón (algo remoto puede dar la sensación de algo solitario, como en &quot;una aldea remota&quot;). Tengo que buscar alguna alternativa.&lt;/strike&gt; Una vez conocido el contexto, la rima más simple creo que es la más efectiva. Las noches están vacías porque le falta alguien que ya no está, así que creo que se puede decir que las noches se le han roto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T13:14:28.877" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T13:14:28.877" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-08T21:02:38.490" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21729" CreationDate="2017-08-08T21:53:40.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt; es una interjección y puede funcionar como un vocativo; en ocasiones es difícil distinguir entre una y otra función. Como interjección suele usarse para llamar la atención sobre algo negativo o inesperado, con lo cual termina asociado a adversativos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Che, esto no sirve, está todo roto!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero si llegué temprano, che, cómo puede ser que no me hayan esperado...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿No será mucho, che?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;¿No será mucho?&lt;/em&gt; es una frase idiomática.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vocativo puede ir reforzando el nombre propio o no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vení, che, sentate un rato con nosotros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Che, Martín, ¿dónde dijiste que te ibas de vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Che, no toquen ahí que está fresca la pintura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Che, gente, hoy tengo que salir temprano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese cómo las funciones se confunden: a veces &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt; se usa simplemente como muletilla inicial para hacer que los oyentes presten atención, como un &quot;hey&quot; inglés o un carraspeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Che&lt;/em&gt; no se usa en Argentina como sustantivo. No tiene género ni número (sirve como vocativo para una persona o más y de cualquier género). El apelativo &quot;Che&quot; de Ernesto Guevara le fue impuesto por hablantes no argentinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que hay varias hipótesis sobre el origen de &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt;, siendo la más difundida la que dice que proviene del término mapudungun &lt;em&gt;che&lt;/em&gt; que significa &quot;gente&quot; (el mapudungun o mapuzungun es el idioma del pueblo llamado habitualmente &lt;em&gt;mapuche&lt;/em&gt;, donde aparece justamente ese morfema, al igual que en el nombre de la ciudad de Bariloche). Esto es completamente inverosímil. Se puede leer más al respecto en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Che&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el artículo de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T21:53:40.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21742" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21745" CreationDate="2017-08-08T21:57:02.983" Score="14" ViewCount="2883" Body="&lt;p&gt;El título lo dice todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una duda que me ha surgido mientras investigaba la respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21524/13628&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad mi pregunta aplica a todas las unidades de medida en metros, que son todas esdrújulas, respecto de las demás en litros, gramos, vatios o lo que se quiera, que son llanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kilogramo&lt;/strong&gt; viene de kilo- y gramo. Gramo es llana, ergo &quot;kilogramo&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Kilómetro&lt;/strong&gt; viene de kilo- y metro. Metro es llana, ergo... ¿&quot;kilometro&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idem para kilovatio, kilolitro, etc. así como para milivatio, centilitro, decagramo y cualquiera otra, respecto de milímetro, centímetro, decámetro y demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué esa diferencia en la acentuación de palabras casi idénticas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:45:21.780" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T20:20:29.227" Title="¿Por qué &quot;kilómetro&quot; es esdrújula, si &quot;kilogramo&quot; es llana?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21524" CreationDate="2017-08-08T22:30:42.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Qué curioso! A mí también me suena haber visto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Km.&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en algún que otro letrero de la España profunda :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=jidbAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA568#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=mil%C3%ADmetro&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este manual de física de 1854&lt;/a&gt;, la gran mayoría de las unidades de medida aparecen escritas con la palabra completa: milímetro, litro, gramo... Sólo en contadas ocasiones se usan abreviaturas, y en ellas se distinguen dos casos:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando forman parte del texto, parecen abreviaturas normales: &lt;strong&gt;kil.&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;kilogramos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;kilóm.&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;kilómetros&lt;/em&gt;, y así.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando indican las dimensiones en que se da una cantidad, se escriben como superíndice entre la parte entera y la decimal, así: &lt;strong&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;mm&lt;/sup&gt;,2&lt;/strong&gt; para &lt;em&gt;3,2 milímetros&lt;/em&gt;. Algo parecido a como se sigue haciendo hoy día para las resistencias eléctricas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque parece que se abreviaban como palabras normales, no hay señal de que se usen plurales volados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=wYUMAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=f%C3%ADsica&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=km.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este otro manual de física de 1912&lt;/a&gt;, parece que ya se usan los símbolos que nos son familiares hoy: &lt;strong&gt;mm.&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;milímetros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;km.&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;kilómetros&lt;/em&gt;, etc.; colocados a continuación del número y sin marcas de plural.&#xA;Sin embargo, aún hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=0dOEAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=f%C3%ADsica&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=kil.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manuales posteriores&lt;/a&gt; que en 1920 siguen usando kil. para kilogramos y kilóm. para kilómetros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=JSRLAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=f%C3%ADsica&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=km.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un manual de 1942&lt;/a&gt; aparece Km. con mayúscula, aunque se usa también km. en otras partes del libro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=nnNTAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=ingenieria&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=km.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro de 1945&lt;/a&gt; se usa exclusivamente km. y empiezan a aparecen los km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La casa de la foto no parece tener menos de 70 años, la verdad, así que voy a parar aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todo lo cual infiero: &lt;strong&gt;no, lo habitual no era usar plurales volados con las unidades métricas&lt;/strong&gt;; si bien, es posible que algunas personas fuesen más creativas que otras a la hora de indicar dichas unidades de manera abreviada, durante el tiempo en el que no estaban establecidas las normas sobre su escritura (que no las fijó la RAE, sino &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_metric_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el CGPM en 1960&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-12-31T10:56:19.407" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T10:56:19.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21746" CreationDate="2017-08-09T01:59:41.177" Score="10" ViewCount="2511" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;code&gt;temporada&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;estación&lt;/code&gt; both mean &lt;code&gt;season&lt;/code&gt; in English. Is there any difference between these two words? How can I use them properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5747" LastEditorUserId="8762" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T21:06:54.697" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T02:21:14.627" Title="What is the difference between &quot;temporada&quot; and &quot;estación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21742" CreationDate="2017-08-09T01:59:41.450" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Original tu pregunta. Aquí he encontrado la respuesta de la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es-es.facebook.com/ortografiaparatodos/posts/566961186709023&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es-es.facebook.com/ortografiaparatodos/posts/566961186709023&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz kilómetro tiene una acentuación esdrújula debido a que está formada por el elemento compositivo -metro, que es átono. Esta forma proviene del sustantivo metro y, al adquirir la condición de elemento compositivo, se vuelve átona. Cuando -metro se une a otro elemento, como kilo, el acento siempre recae en el primero: kilómetro, centímetro, decímetro, barómetro, termómetro, etc. En cambio, las otras formas por las que nos consulta están compuestas por las voces litro y gramo, que son sustantivos y que no se han convertido en elementos compositivos, por lo que tienen un acento propio que, en este caso, es llano o grave.&#xA;  Cabe mencionar que, según el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, de la Real Academia Española y la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (Bogotá: Santillana, 2005), la voz kilogramo es llana en todo el ámbito hispánico (pronunciación [kilográmo]), salvo en Chile, donde se usa con normalidad la forma esdrújula kilógramo, posiblemente por una analogía con la voz kilómetro:Una masa que aquí en la Tierra tiene un peso de 1 kilógramo, en la “superficie” del Sol pesaría 28.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Publicación original de Español de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: A partir de los comentarios suscitados, podemos llegar a la conclusión de que, contrariamente a lo que ocurre con las palabras compuestas por “gramo” y “litro”, donde estos elementos compositivos no pierden carga semántica – y tampoco el acento – ante la adición de los elementos que se les anteponen (&lt;em&gt;kilo-, hecto-, deca-, deci-, centi-, mili-&lt;/em&gt;), el componente “-metro” tiene la particularidad de formar palabras esdrújulas donde pierde el acento a favor de elementos semánticamente más ricos que lo anteceden (&lt;em&gt;taxímetro, caudalímetro, pluviómetro, frecuencímetro, espectrómetro, potenciómetro, amperímetro, velocímetro, magnetómetro, densímetro, gasómetro, odómetro&lt;/em&gt; – abajo se adjunta una lista más completa) y la lengua parece hacer extensiva esta regla a los múltiplos y submúltiplos del metro (donde el componente “metro”, a pesar de no estar acentuado, tiene la misma jerarquía semántica que sus pares en los compuestos con “gramo” y “litro”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qUWIL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qUWIL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T20:20:29.227" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T20:20:29.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21744" CreationDate="2017-08-09T02:09:12.327" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to use &quot;estación&quot; when you refer to one of the four seasons of the year: summer, fall/autumn, winter or spring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;temporada&quot; will be used to refer to some period during which an activity is performed or some business is conducted, as in &lt;em&gt;temporada de esquí&lt;/em&gt;. The &quot;temporada&quot; may coincide with a certain season, and then we have &lt;em&gt;temporada invernal, temporada de verano&lt;/em&gt;, but these will always be used when there is some implicit activity that takes place during the period in question: &lt;em&gt;En la temporada de verano los hoteles trabajan a pleno&lt;/em&gt; (In this case, &quot;temporada de verano&quot; is used to describe the hotel business during the summer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T02:09:12.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1840" CreationDate="2017-08-09T04:28:08.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in a region of Texas where mostly everyone speaks  &quot;Tex Mex&quot;. When we are trying to say &quot;how cute!&quot; we say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡qué chulos!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T06:50:37.860" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T06:50:37.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21748" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21752" CreationDate="2017-08-09T07:08:29.777" Score="4" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un par de días, en nuestro chat &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/39276283#39276283&quot;&gt;Theia comentó&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@fedorqui como estas? &lt;strong&gt;te das unas perdidas&lt;/strong&gt; de todos los chats.. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España esta expresión no la usamos y yo no la entendí. ¿Qué quiere decir? Theia es de Cuba, ¿se usa en algún otro lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE lo único parecido que se encuentra es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. tr. Suponer, declarar, considerar. &lt;em&gt;Lo doy POR visto, POR inocente. U. t. c. prnl. Se dio POR perdido, POR muerto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T11:42:04.213" Title="¿Qué es &quot;darse unas perdidas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21721" CreationDate="2017-08-09T08:30:41.510" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hice una búsqueda y me di cuenta que esta terminología está muy presente en los videojuegos de batallas. Veo referenciadas la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guildwiki.es/wiki/Descarga_de_flechas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descarga de flechas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, así como &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.metin2.es/index.php/Lluvia_de_Flechas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lluvia de flechas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo cona la investigación, di con un artículo de la Wikipedia llamado &lt;em&gt;Tácticas romanas de infantería&lt;/em&gt;. En la sección &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1cticas_romanas_de_infanter%C3%ADa#Problemas_t.C3.A1cticos_al_luchar_contra_la_caballer.C3.ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Problemas tácticos al luchar contra la caballería&lt;/a&gt; observo el uso de &lt;strong&gt;enjambre de flechas&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse al cúmulo de flechas lanzadas por uno de los contendientes. He aquí los fragmentos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ambos tipos de tropas utilizaron poderosos arcos compuestos que lanzaban flechas con la potencia suficiente para perforar las armaduras romanas. Los catafractos servían entonces como tropas de choque, que cargaban con la fuerza de un ariete contra las filas romanas, una vez se habían &quot;ablandado&quot; tras los &lt;em&gt;enjambres de flechas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y luego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuadrado Hueco. Esta táctica proveía una defensa en todas direcciones, dejando un pivote para comenzar la ofensiva. En el cuadro, las tropas podían parapetarse contra los &lt;em&gt;enjambres de flechas&lt;/em&gt; utilizando sus grandes escudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene su sentido, pues es muy gráfico y esta palabra ya saltó del ámbito de las abejas a algo más genérico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FSGY3tm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enjambre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. exāmen, -ĭnis.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Multitud de abejas con su maestra, que juntas salen de una colmena para formar otra colonia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Muchedumbre de personas o animales juntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, una búsqueda de &quot;enjambre de flechas&quot; no arroja demasiados resultados y, como indica walen en los comentarios, parece una licencia del editor de la Wikipedia al traducir la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%A1basis_de_Jenofonte&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anábasis&lt;/em&gt; de Jenofonte&lt;/a&gt; (véase la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A1cticas_romanas_de_infanter%C3%ADa&amp;amp;oldid=17929737&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;revisión exacta donde lo introdujo&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:02:12.793" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:02:12.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21721" CreationDate="2017-08-09T10:19:37.610" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto &lt;em&gt;lluvia de flechas&lt;/em&gt;, ya mencionada por OP, como las expresión &lt;em&gt;enjambre de flechas&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21749/13628&quot;&gt;propuesta por fedorqui&lt;/a&gt; transmiten bien el concepto, y de hecho son bastante usadas (sobre todo la primera); pero en mi opinión es más por metáfora que por tener &lt;em&gt;lluvia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;enjambre&lt;/em&gt; ese significado específico.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte voy a proponer &quot;salva de flechas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=X7mZ3Mp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;salva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Disparo simultáneo de varias piezas idénticas de artillería o de fusilería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, el significado intrínseco de la palabra sí está relacionado con el tema. Igual que se habla de salvas de fusil o salvas de cañón, podríamos decir salvas de arco o, por extensión, salvas de flechas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede argumentarse que, cuando aún no existían las armas de fuego, los arqueros eran el equivalente a la artillería actual: un cuerpo de batalla encargado de lanzar proyectiles a las tropas enemigas para diezmarlas y facilitar el trabajo de infantería y caballería.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Más aún si consideramos &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balista&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;armas de asedio como la balista&lt;/a&gt;, que viene a ser una ballesta del tamaño de un camión. ¡Pocas cosas se me ocurren más parecidas a un cañón actual!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este sentido, cientos de arcos o ballestas siendo disparados al mismo tiempo producirían una salva, y el enemigo recibiría dicha salva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A menos de una legua, los arqueros enemigos comenzaron a disparar. Recibimos la primera salva de flechas parapetados tras nuestros escudos. Y luego la segunda. Y la tercera. Para cuando empezó a temblar el suelo bajo los cascos de la caballería acercándose a rematarnos, solo unos pocos seguíamos en pie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:19:37.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21751" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-09T11:06:33.480" Score="5" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Usan ustedes, o se usan en sus dialectos, expresiones del tipo &lt;strong&gt;preposición + sujeto + infinitivo&lt;/strong&gt; (donde la preposición es generalmente &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;)? ¿Qué reglas siguen? Acabo de ver una referencia a este fenómeno en una respuesta, al pasar, y me sorprendió que no se hubiese tratado el tema. Estoy hablando de frases como las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Necesito que me avises &lt;strong&gt;para yo saber&lt;/strong&gt; a qué hora esperarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para ellos aprenderlo&lt;/strong&gt; bien van a tener que practicar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Antes &lt;strong&gt;de ella decidirse&lt;/strong&gt; lo pensó mucho.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto se hizo &lt;strong&gt;sin nosotros tener&lt;/strong&gt; ninguna idea de lo que pasaba.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al llegar ustedes&lt;/strong&gt; al lugar, ¿qué vieron?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay publicado un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biblioteca.org.ar/libros/156354.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt; de este fenómeno y sus variantes (con otras preposiciones, con sujetos pronominales y no, con sujeto pospuesto o prepuesto al infinitivo...) pero se trata de un único trabajo; en foros de castellano predominan opiniones prescriptivistas no informadas que simplemente consideran que estas construcciones &quot;están mal&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En portugués existe el infinitivo personal, hoy muchas veces simplificado de manera que se ve exactamente como estas construcciones en castellano. Su uso es muy frecuente en ocasiones en que un hispanohablante usaría en su lugar el subjuntivo en una subordinada (&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/pitty/1507865/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Não espere &lt;strong&gt;eu ir embora&lt;/strong&gt; pra perceber&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;No esperes &lt;strong&gt;que yo me vaya&lt;/strong&gt; para darte cuenta&quot;). Pero no sé si nuestro infinitivo con sujeto es asimilable a esto, y claramente su uso admitido no es tan amplio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T12:59:19.380" Title="Preposición + sujeto + infinitivo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21748" CreationDate="2017-08-09T11:42:04.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de americanismos tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=darse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una definición&lt;/a&gt; que encaja con el contexto y se usa en Cuba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;darse una perdida.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. verb. &lt;em&gt;Cu, PR, Ve.&lt;/em&gt; Dejar &lt;em&gt;una persona&lt;/em&gt; de frecuentar a alguien o un lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que creo que sí, se refiere a que de repente desapareces del chat y dejas de responder a los mensajes. Hacer mutis por el foro, vamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T11:42:04.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21751" CreationDate="2017-08-09T11:56:37.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo mismo las he usado alguna vez.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No es que sea una respuesta autoritativa, pero poco más te puedo decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de que a alguien le pueda chocar que se coloque el pronombre antes del verbo, no se me ocurre en qué manera podría estar mal una construcción así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para sacar el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para sacar el clavo yo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para sacar yo el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para yo sacar el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de una subordinada en su lugar: hombre... Correcto también es, eso está claro, y además se puede aplicar en todos los casos manteniendo la misma estructura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para que saque el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para que saque el clavo yo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para que saque yo el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Necesito que me des el martillo para que yo saque el clavo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es más frecuente? Supongo que dependerá de la zona, como siempre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Suena mejor? Eso ya es cuestión de gustos y de a lo que esté acostumbrado cada uno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es más correcto? En mi opinión, son igual de correctas ambas formas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T12:59:19.380" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T12:59:19.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21545" CreationDate="2017-08-09T15:48:53.060" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la región central cafetera de Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, Quindío) y regiones aledañas donde se usa el voseo, si es así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ve y vete&lt;/em&gt; se usan en las novelas de la televisión pero en el uso normal siempre usamos &lt;em&gt;andá y andate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andá&lt;/strong&gt; traeme un tintico. (Ve tráeme una tasa pequeña de café)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejá de joder y &lt;strong&gt;andate&lt;/strong&gt; a recoger café (Deja de molestar y vete a cosechar café)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto al plural de &lt;em&gt;andá para allá&lt;/em&gt; hay dos opciones igualmente válidas e igulamente comunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vayan pa'llá (Vayan para allá)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anden pa'llá (Anden para allá)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto del país no usa regularmente el voseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T15:54:26.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21756" CreationDate="2017-08-09T20:48:36.530" Score="5" ViewCount="1419" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this passage in a magazine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿En qué acabó el error de Margaret, mencionado al principio? ¿Arruinó la ocasión? En absoluto. Todos se lo tomaron con sentido del humor, especialmente ella, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that it is saying, &quot;&lt;em&gt;How did the mistake that Margaret made, mentioned at the outset, turn out? Did it ruin the occasion? Absolutely.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the English version reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Did Margaret’s mistake, mentioned earlier, spoil the family occasion? Not at all. Everyone saw the funny side of it, especially Margaret, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;en absoluto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; meaning &quot;&lt;em&gt;absolutely&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (which, I agree, makes no sense in the context), it apparently means &quot;&lt;em&gt;Not at all&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect &quot;&lt;em&gt;Not at all&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to be something more like, &quot;&lt;em&gt;No en todo.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does what looks like &quot;absolutely&quot; actually mean the opposite? Has anybody (besides me) ever been tripped up by this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T07:12:15.933" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:59:32.847" Title="Why does &quot;En absoluto&quot; mean &quot;Not at all&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21755" CreationDate="2017-08-09T22:59:55.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's rather funny. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;En absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; usually carries a negative meaning, as if we had said &quot;&lt;strong&gt;absolutely not&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it can also be used in affirmative sense - and even in a different sense... Maria Moliner enumerates these three meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De manera absoluta, sin relación con otra cosa (en sí mismo, por sí mismo, de por sí, de sí, de suyo). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En frases firmativas, significa también “completamente, del todo, sin reservas o restricciones“ (Estoy decidido en absoluto)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Más frecuentemente tiene sentido negativo, equivalente a “de ninguna manera“:&quot; (¿No te arrepentirás? - En absoluto) (No estoy dispuesto a consentirlo en absoluto)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second meaning would correspond to the English usage. &#xA;In my experience, the third meaning is the most common one, by far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt that we can answer &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way: we also have &quot;&lt;strong&gt;absolutamente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which seems a more literal translation, and it's also slightly ambiguous, but leads more towards the affirmative meaning. However, it's not very used as a replacement of &quot;en absoluto&quot;, but mostly as an adverb (&quot;Esa noticia es absolutamente falsa&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T00:20:17.050" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T00:20:17.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21474" CreationDate="2017-08-10T10:59:30.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En temas de poesía, más que autoridades lo que hay son opiniones...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Dicho lo cual, en mi opinión &lt;strong&gt;no se puede considerar asonante una rima consonante&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rimas se basan en el sonido, y los tipos de estrofa en el ritmo que la rima impone.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Una rima consonante no imprime el mismo ritmo y sonoridad que una asonante, por tanto no valdría usar rima consonante para montar una estrofa que debe contener rima asonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seguidilla_(poes%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;seguidilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un tipo de estrofa que tiene rima asonante. Si compones una estrofa con la misma métrica pero con rima consonante, aunque siga rimando, no suena igual, y por tanto eso ya no es una &lt;em&gt;seguidilla&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T10:59:30.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21721" CreationDate="2017-08-10T11:01:27.940" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I4RGRXG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;flechería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; designa, efectivamente, al &quot;conjunto de flechas disparadas&quot; (así como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IeGrnbT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fusilería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al fuego de fusiles). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término parece poco usado en la actualidad (los ejemplos que encontré son del Siglo de Oro) y es más común leer &lt;em&gt;lluvia, nube, enjambre&lt;/em&gt; (o similar) &lt;em&gt;de flechas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco implica este término (ni ningún otro, me parece, por lo que veo) que el conjunto de flechas sea producto de una táctica coordinada u organizada, por más que se pueda suponer que lanzar muchas flechas requiera un mínimo de organización, así que eso debería surgir del contexto en que se utilice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T16:33:02.413" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T16:33:02.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21759" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21761" CreationDate="2017-08-10T14:39:00.770" Score="2" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace días ya leí el titular &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/internacional/2017/05/26/america/1495823742_391036.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El escándalo de espionaje que &lt;strong&gt;remece&lt;/strong&gt; a los empresarios chilenos&lt;/a&gt;. La noticia pertenece a un periódico español, pero está redactada desde Chile, por lo que entiendo que usa chilenismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VscGQja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;remecer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;remiscēre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Mover reiteradamente algo de un lado a otro. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no lo veo demasiado explicativo para el caso por la serie de frases en la noticia del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un escándalo ha golpeado este viernes al corazón de los empresarios chilenos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Este episodio, inédito en la SOFOFA, es inmensamente dañino para nuestra institución, para el empresariado, para la credibilidad pública y para nuestro país. En lo personal, a los directivos de nuestra organización empresarial, les duele y afecta que se hayan vulnerado principios básicos de respeto a las personas e instituciones&quot;, ha señalado el organismo a través de un comunicado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los empresarios locales han condenado en cadena el espionaje&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que me hacen pensar en un significado del tipo que el caso ha &lt;em&gt;sacudido&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;soliviantado&lt;/em&gt; o similares, a los empresarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene esta palabra algún significado adicional o matiz que me pasa desapercibido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T22:36:53.957" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;remecer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21545" CreationDate="2017-08-10T17:36:15.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No pertenezco a ningún país o región voseante y mi respuesta se basa en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/2317042/El_voseo_y_el_modo_imperativo_Breves_apuntes_sobre_el_verbo_ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El voseo y el modo imperativo: Breves apuntes sobre el verbo ir&lt;/a&gt; de Jose Roberto Alexander Quintanilla que parece ser un trabajo universitario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por una parte si vamos a la conjugación del verbo ir en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; nos dice que el imperativo para vos es &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt; aunque según dice el citado artículo el propio &lt;em&gt;«Diccionario de la Real Academia Española, en su edición de 2001, sugiere que “la forma propia del imper. sing. se suple con la correspondiente de andar”»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se hace referencia al DPD que señala que el voseo no tiene una forma imperativa del verbo ir y se sustituye con el verbo andar: &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;andate&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El imperativo de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; carece de forma propia de voseo y en su lugar se&#xA;  usa el imperativo de &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;andate&lt;/em&gt; (vos): &lt;em&gt;«Andá a buscar&#xA;  la  máquina»&lt;/em&gt; (Rovner Foto [Arg. 1977]); &lt;em&gt;«Andate y dejanos solos.&#xA;  Estoy hablando con tu hermana»&lt;/em&gt; (Viñas Maniobras [Arg. 1985]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo señala que siguiendo la regla general de como se construyen el resto de imperativos con el voseo, para el verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; tendríamos un extraño &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La regla general que todos los verbos usan para el imperativo con el&#xA;  voseo consiste en sustraer la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; final del infinitivo y acentuar la&#xA;  última sílaba (&lt;em&gt;hablar = hablá, poner = poné, salir = salí&lt;/em&gt;). La regla&#xA;  es análoga a vosotros, en donde las terminaciones van además con *d&#xA;  *(&lt;em&gt;hablad, poned,  salid&lt;/em&gt;). Con esta regla, el imperativo de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;  con &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;id&lt;/em&gt;  y el de &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;  sería entonces &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt;, pero ¿se puede decir &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque marginalmente, parece que la forma &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; se usa en el habla coloquial en ciertas regiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preguntando a algunos informantes de los tres países voseantes de&#xA;  Sudamérica, varios manifestaron que desconocen la forma &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; y que&#xA;  siempre utilizarían &lt;em&gt;andá&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, más de alguno comentó que sí&#xA;  ha escuchado &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;  en el habla coloquial, sobre todo en algunas partes&#xA;  de Argentina (como Salta, Jujuy, Tucumán y Catamarca) pero que cada&#xA;  vez se oye menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre según el artículo, en El Salvador se escucharía la forma &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; habitualmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No obstante el aparente poco uso de  &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; en Suramérica, en El Salvador&#xA;  sí se oyen i, ite, ime, ile, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más información y bibliografía visitar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/2317042/El_voseo_y_el_modo_imperativo_Breves_apuntes_sobre_el_verbo_ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt;, es bastante corto y creo que interesante aunque personas de paises voseantes podrán confirmar o refutar lo que en él se dice con mayor conocimiento de causa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T18:49:13.350" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T18:49:13.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21759" CreationDate="2017-08-10T22:36:53.957" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según se puede constatar con algunas búsquedas, en los países andinos (Chile, Bolivia, Perú, Ecuador), donde ocurren habitualmente sismos debido a las características geológicas, se utiliza &lt;em&gt;remecer&lt;/em&gt; para designar lo que hace con una región un temblor o terremoto (como particularidad hay también una diferencia de grado entre &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt; en estos lugares, pero ése es otro tema). En Argentina, Uruguay y Paraguay es más frecuente el uso de &lt;em&gt;sacudir&lt;/em&gt; con este significado (cuando en artículos periodísticos aparece &lt;em&gt;remecer&lt;/em&gt; casi invariablemente se refieren a sucesos de la zona andina, probablemente tomando las palabras &lt;em&gt;verbatim&lt;/em&gt; de una agencia de noticias local).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí está claro que &lt;em&gt;remecer&lt;/em&gt; en el titular citado tiene la misma función figurativa que &lt;em&gt;sacudir&lt;/em&gt; en los que habitualmente se ven en los medios argentinos: un escándalo &lt;em&gt;remece&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sacude&lt;/em&gt; a una institución o grupo de personas de la misma manera que un terremoto sacude a una ciudad o región, haciendo que las personas se sientan menos seguras sobre sus pies, que caigan al suelo ellas o se derrumben sus simbólicas &quot;construcciones&quot;, y que haya víctimas (figuradamente: pérdida de reputación, fortuna o libertad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Remecer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sacudir&lt;/em&gt; en este uso, que remite al de los temblores (y puede también asociarse a explosiones o choques), son verbos que connotan pérdida de control del objeto en manos de una fuerza superior (si no fuera superior tendríamos titulares como &quot;Los empresarios resisten el escándalo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T22:36:53.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21705" CreationDate="2017-08-10T23:19:06.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ah, ¿[Usted] &lt;strong&gt;busca&lt;/strong&gt; al doctor Miller?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17381" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T23:19:06.413" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21764" CreationDate="2017-08-10T23:43:19.703" Score="5" ViewCount="883" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi hermano suele decirme seguido mientras cenamos que no coma directo de la fuente y que me sirva en mi plato, y después él come de la fuente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo le digo &quot;hipócrita&quot; pero mi madre me dice que no es un hipócrita ya que la palabra no significa eso. ¿Estoy usando bien esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17149" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T03:19:08.487" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T16:01:32.737" Title="¿Estoy usando bien &quot;hipócrita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21763" CreationDate="2017-08-11T03:16:57.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A primeras te diría que yo entiendo que una persona hipócrita es aquella que dice una cosa (o te dice que tú tienes que hacer cierta cosa, seguir ciertas normas, etc.) pero luego hace otra cosa completamente distinta. Como si tuviera dos varas para medir, una para ella y otra para los demás, o si directamente se saltase sus propias reglas. Yo también habría tachado a tu hermano de hipócrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos suele ser buena idea preguntar &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Mamá, ¿qué significa entonces '*hipócrita*' (Dame tu definición)? ¿Cómo se le dice a alguien que te dice que tú tienes que seguir ciertas normas y luego él hace lo contrario (como hace mi hermano)?&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; y ver qué entienden esas personas que significa el término. Luego, comparas con la definición oficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;code&gt;hipócrita&lt;/code&gt; en el diccionario es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KTCowWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hipócrita&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que actúa con &lt;strong&gt;hipocresía&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Propio de la persona hipócrita. Sonrisa hipócrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KTAiwim&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hipocresía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fingimiento de cualidades o sentimientos contrarios a los que verdaderamente se tienen o experimentan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entendería que es casi un &amp;quot;tecnicismo&amp;quot; que en este caso tu hermano no muestra &amp;quot;cualidades o sentimientos&amp;quot; y por eso no está siendo un hipócrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La descripción del diccionario queda un poco corta para mi gusto. Otras referencias, como esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?hipo.crita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discusión sobre su etimología&lt;/a&gt; apuntan a que una persona hipócrita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;finge sentimientos que no tiene, o &lt;strong&gt;expresa ideales que no sigue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que se adapta mejor a tu caso (decir &amp;quot;No hagas eso. No debemos comer directamente  de la fuente. No es lo correcto&amp;quot; y luego hacer justo lo contrario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá tu madre entiende que al comportamiento de tu hermano se le puede tachar de &lt;code&gt;falso&lt;/code&gt; o de &lt;code&gt;incoherente&lt;/code&gt;, pero no de hipócrita, pues tu hermano no &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;finge&lt;/strong&gt; cualidades o sentimientos&amp;quot;. Una persona hipócrita es aquella que &amp;quot;finge una cualidad, sentimiento, virtud u opinión que no tiene&amp;quot; y &lt;em&gt;técnicamente&lt;/em&gt; tu hermano no está diciendo que sea más virtuoso o mejor que tú ya que él no come de la fuente (y luego come de la fuente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Básicamente, no es un hipócrita si no está diciendo &amp;quot;no comas directamente de la fuente que yo no lo hago&amp;quot; cuando la verdad es que el sí lo hace.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, el &amp;quot;expresar ideales que no se tienen&amp;quot; es también incoherente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que es cierto que tu hermano, técnicamente, no es un hipócrita pero desde luego es un:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;incoherente&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ggcmPj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coherencia&lt;/a&gt;: Actitud lógica y consecuente con los principios que se profesan) e &lt;strong&gt;incongruente&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AJwFS2g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;congruente&lt;/a&gt;: Conveniente, &lt;em&gt;coherente&lt;/em&gt;, lógico.) y demás sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XfWpYtH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sermoneador&lt;/a&gt; (Que sermonea o acostumbra reprender.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0DERMh7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;absurdo&lt;/a&gt; (Chocante, &lt;strong&gt;contradictorio&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LdRAP4Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;injusto&lt;/a&gt; (¿quizá tu hermano piensa que él &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; puede comer de la fuente mientras que tú no? En este caso no estaría siendo un hipócrita, pero se estaría poniendo directamente por encima tuyo. Si siendo hermanos no tenéis una relación de iguales, es razonable decir que su comportamiento no es justo ni equitativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a8Lk4H9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;torticero&lt;/a&gt;: Injusto, o que no se arregla a las leyes o a la razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suerte en la próxima cena. Dedícale a tu hermano alguno de estos &lt;em&gt;halagos&lt;/em&gt; y luego dejas caer que la palabra del día es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moralizante, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PmNsRnG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Moralizar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reformar las malas costumbres &lt;strong&gt;enseñando las buenas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y dile que si quiere enseñarte algo, que lo haga con el ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T16:01:32.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21691" CreationDate="2017-08-11T03:55:25.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some expressions that are very natural in Spanish, for each of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A propósito de la papa... ¿has probado alguna vez la papa amarilla del norte de Europa?  Es riquísima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al caminar a la oficina de correos, vi a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's another example of that construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing fast results in sloppy handwriting.  &lt;em&gt;Al escribir rápido, la letra no me sale muy clara.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your ideas and the others on this page do work, but I wanted to make you aware of these constructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, for the particular example of walking to the post office, there's a great phrase, &lt;em&gt;camino a&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;on the way to&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Camino al correo me encontré a John.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this phrase, you don't need to be on foot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T03:55:25.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21717" CreationDate="2017-08-11T04:36:15.677" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, most Spanish speakers very much enjoy communicating with Spanish speakers from other countries or regions.  One can enjoy the feeling of speaking slightly differently but still understanding each other.  Also, finding differences in, for example, the names of foods, is fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be a little bit less confusing for the people you communicate with if you are able to pick one version, and learn that version consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one you pick doesn't really matter.  So, if you find a book at your second-hand bookstore that appeals to you (the presentation, the illustrations, the approach, the smell of the glue, whatever), then go with that.  If you find a conversation partner who is from Country X, Region Y, then this (X, Y) combination would be a natural choice.  If you know that you are going to do some field work next year in a particular country, then choose that country, to make your transition smoother when you arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, I think &lt;em&gt;variant&lt;/em&gt;  would be a better term than &lt;em&gt;dialect&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Which dialect will be understood by the most people in the US? (Which is the most &quot;generic&quot;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably Mexico in most places, but I imagine in New York City it might be Puerto Rico or Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Which dialect, if spoken, carries the least connotation (e.g., is not considered pretentious or slow/uneducated by the broader Spanish-speaking community)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know any versions that might be considered slow/uneducated.  As for pretentious, you will only come across pas retentious if you put down others for the way they speak, or put on airs, claiming that your way of speaking is the only good way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Which dialect do sign makers generally use in the US? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many publicly available signs (e.g. in hospitals) that show phrases translated from English to Spanish are full of mistakes.  That, in my opinion, is the primary unifying thread.  (Remember, I said many Spanish speakers are almost too tolerant of mistakes?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Will I be okay with a Spaniard if I fail to use vosotros?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Will I be okay with Latinamerican Spanish speakers if I use vosotros?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, in the U.S., I would recommend that you not bother learning to conjugate for &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;.  However, if it gives you some sort of aesthetic or sensory pleasure, you could use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; in a quirky, personal way.  There are weirder characteristics or customs one could have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Important&lt;/strong&gt;: If you find two or three learning sources that are particularly confusing in their differences, do post specific questions on this site.  General remarks such as what I tried to give you are necessarily limited in usefulness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T06:34:11.910" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T06:34:11.910" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21722" CreationDate="2017-08-11T05:09:10.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways of expressing &quot;one&quot; as in &quot;How should one greet a professor at the grocery store?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A passive (reflexive) construction: &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo se debe saludar al profesor en el súper?&lt;/em&gt; Note that this is similar to English &quot;How should the professor be greeted in the grocery store?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;uno&quot;, which is conjugated in the third person singular (like &quot;el&quot; and &quot;ella&quot;): &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo debe uno saludar al profe en la tienda?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes with &quot;hay que&quot;, for example: &quot;One should be polite with newcomers,&quot; &lt;em&gt;Hay que ser cortés con los nuevos [principiantes]&lt;/em&gt;.  Note, this one shows a stronger requirement than the other expressions. It has the same feeling as &quot;one must etc.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes with &quot;tu&quot; (conjugated as second person singluar) or &quot;usted&quot; (conjugated as third person singular), for example: &quot;On Fridays one can wear jeans at our office,&quot; &lt;em&gt;Tú puedes / Ud. puede usar pantalón de mezclilla los viernes aquí.&lt;/em&gt;  Note, the subject pronoun may be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With &quot;conviene&quot; (&lt;em&gt;convenir&lt;/em&gt;) or &quot;recomendable&quot;, for example: &quot;One should leave the kitchen clean for the next person,&quot; &lt;em&gt;Es recomendable dejar la cocina limpia para la próxima persona&lt;/em&gt;; &quot;one should write down the homework assignments,&quot; &lt;em&gt;conviene anotar las tareas.&lt;/em&gt;  This is similar to the English &quot;It is a good idea to write down the assignments,&quot; or &quot;It's worthwhile to tiptoe if you come in after 11&quot; (which could also be &quot;It's best to tiptoe etc.&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T05:09:10.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21724" CreationDate="2017-08-11T08:06:43.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;214 208 202 190  184&lt;/strike&gt; 182 caracteres (164 con bonus por rima &lt;strike&gt;asonante&lt;/strike&gt; consonante)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así es la vida y su estela&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;entre culpa y pesar se nivela&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;nuestro roto corazón sanea&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;la sangre corre y amor crea&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;el pasado pasó y nada procede&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;o se pierde o buscarse puede&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;en estas noches sin sustancia&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y 200 notas en la estancia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he respetado la métrica original pero he intentado mantener cierta coherencia en mis versos. &lt;strike&gt;No he conseguido más que una rima asonante.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el camino de la vida lo hace la propia vida, por eso creo que puedo decir &lt;em&gt;estela&lt;/em&gt; manteniendo el significado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;viaje&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;vía&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;En lugar de &lt;em&gt;se debate&lt;/em&gt; utilizo &lt;em&gt;armonía&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de equilibrio. &lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanear:&lt;/strong&gt; Reparar o remediar algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &lt;em&gt;trozos de corazón&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;roto corazón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Le robo a Carlos Alejo la palabra &lt;em&gt;pasión&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;amor&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Reduzco la frase &lt;em&gt;el pasado ha pasado&lt;/em&gt; con pasado el pasado* y cambio &lt;em&gt;quedo atrás&lt;/em&gt; por * hay que hacer*.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proceder:&lt;/strong&gt; Continuar en la ejecución de algunas cosas que piden tracto sucesivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt; Cambio el orden de &lt;em&gt;buscar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;perder&lt;/em&gt; para mantener la rima.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T08:36:35.387" CommentCount="10" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-11T08:06:43.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-11T09:54:18.790" Score="7" ViewCount="6376" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de la interesante pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21763/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Estoy usando bien &amp;quot;hip&amp;#243;crita&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; pensé en una caso similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que eres atleta y quieres correr los 1500 metros en menos de 4 minutos (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roger-bannister-breaks-four-minutes-mile&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una marcaza&lt;/a&gt;, vaya). En eso que alguien que te quiere mal empieza a sabotearte: te dice constantemente que no podrás correr en ese tiempo, te llama por la noche para que no descanses bien, te impide entrenar en la pista de atletismo, etc. Para rematarlo, el día de la competición te esconde las zapatillas de correr y tienes que usar otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el &lt;em&gt;boicot&lt;/em&gt; ha funcionado, al final no consigues el objetivo y esa persona va y te dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Ves? Ya te dije yo que no podrías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa persona, además de mala, está ejerciendo de juez y de parte: juzga algo mientras aboga por una de las opciones. ¿Existe algún nombre para esta persona, un adjetivo que la califique o una expresión que la ejemplarice? Lo de &lt;em&gt;juez y parte&lt;/em&gt; es la única opción que me imagino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T01:05:10.010" Title="¿Cómo se dice a la persona que boicotea una acción para luego vanagloriarse de que no haya podido realizarse?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21769" CreationDate="2017-08-11T11:53:03.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A fin de no usar términos como el que he sugerido en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21769/c%C3%B3mo-se-dice-a-la-persona-que-boicotea-una-acci%C3%B3n-para-luego-vanagloriarse-de-q?noredirect=1#comment34210_21769&quot;&gt;un comentario&lt;/a&gt;, que puede resultar algo fuerte, propongo este otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=necio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;necio, cia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Terco y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Th0VLmV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;porfiado&lt;/a&gt; en lo que hace o dice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De lo cual podría convenirse, por sinonimia, que la persona que mencionas es lisa y llanamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=gilipollas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gilipollas&lt;/a&gt;... pero entonces estaríamos volviendo a términos no adecuados, supongo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;strong&gt;necio&lt;/strong&gt; para personas que obran con maldad solo por demostrar que tienen razón, viene de antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues el &lt;strong&gt;necio&lt;/strong&gt; habla necedades, y su corazón se inclina hacia el mal, para practicar la impiedad y hablar falsedad contra el Señor, para mantener con hambre al hambriento y para privar de bebida al sediento.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bible.knowing-jesus.com/Espa%C3%B1al/Isa%C3%ADas/32/6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Isaías 32:6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Necedad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos más recientes&lt;/a&gt;, claro. Algunos que podrían cuadrar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se conocen infinitas clases de &lt;strong&gt;necios&lt;/strong&gt;; la más deplorable es la de los parlanchines empeñados en demostrar que tienen talento.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Santiago Ramón y Cajal&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Propio de todo hombre es el errar. Pero de nadie, sino del &lt;strong&gt;necio&lt;/strong&gt;, el mantenerse en el error.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Juan Luis Vives&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La persona que describes, proclama que no eres capaz de conseguir una cosa; y, viendo que podrías conseguirla, interviene para forzar tu fracaso, y cree que de esta forma ha demostrado que tenía razón. Este es un comportamiento &lt;strong&gt;necio&lt;/strong&gt;, y esa persona es &lt;strong&gt;necia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema con el término que buscas, es que debe unificar dos actitudes distintas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por una parte, la de la persona que predica y se regodea en la desgracia ajena; para esto podrían servir los términos &lt;em&gt;agorera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;infausta&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21769/c%C3%B3mo-se-dice-a-la-persona-que-boicotea-una-acci%C3%B3n-para-luego-vanagloriarse-de-q#comment34217_21769&quot;&gt;el propuesto por Diego&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;catastrofista&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, la de la persona que obra con maldad contra alguien para prevalecer ella misma; algunos calificativos podrían ser: &lt;em&gt;saboteadora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cainita&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;traidora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;corrupta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bellaca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;perversa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;malasangre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;malparida&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sabandija&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;déspota&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cínica&lt;/em&gt;... Así como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21769/c%C3%B3mo-se-dice-a-la-persona-que-boicotea-una-acci%C3%B3n-para-luego-vanagloriarse-de-q#comment34224_21770&quot;&gt;los propuestos por blonfu&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;vil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;infame&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tramposa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;timadora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;farsante&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertos casos y según el contexto, algunas de las anteriores podrían bastar para describir a tal persona. Al final, como todo, va a depender de qué parte del comportamiento de la persona quieras resaltar, y del contexto. Si se entiende que el objetivo saboteado era una apuesta o acuerdo entre dos partes, entonces &lt;em&gt;tramposa&lt;/em&gt; cuadraría bien. Si está abusando de su posición para anular tus esfuerzos, entonces sería &lt;em&gt;corrupta&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;déspota&lt;/em&gt;... etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.tintin.com/personnages/show/id/46/page/0/0/el-capitan-haddock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capitán Haddock&lt;/a&gt; (eterna fuente de inspiración en estas lides) probablemente las usaría &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sepionet.es/tintinofilia/imagenes/18_stock_de_coque/insultos.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todas juntas&lt;/a&gt; :)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en mi opinión, la palabra que mejor unifica ambos sentidos, es la que te propongo al principio: &lt;strong&gt;necio&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;necia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-19T23:09:12.097" LastActivityDate="2019-03-19T23:09:12.097" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21771" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21772" CreationDate="2017-08-11T14:18:11.483" Score="6" ViewCount="701" Body="&lt;p&gt;De una pregunta relativa al &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21759/14627&quot;&gt;uso figurativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;remecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; surgió (en un aparte) que existe una diferencia, en el vocabulario de ciertos países, entre los términos &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt;. Yo sabía que se hacía esta distinción, basada en la intensidad percibida del sismo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t13.cl/noticia/nacional/cual-es-la-diferencia-entre-temblor-sismo-y-terremoto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Chile&lt;/a&gt;, pero resulta que parece ser común en otros países, no sólo de la región geológicamente activa de los Andes sino también incluso &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.primerahora.com/noticias/puerto-rico/nota/tembloroterremotoeslomismo-982800/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Puerto Rico&lt;/a&gt;. De todas formas es difícil saber porque los medios no siempre registran el vocabulario coloquial o las distinciones hechas por la gente de a pie, y a veces los medios de un país copian y pegan noticias de agencias de otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt;, si existe, en los distintos dialectos del castellano? Adicionales a ésa serían: ¿hay alguna otra palabra para designar a los sismos? Por caso, ¿&lt;em&gt;sismos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;seísmos&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Qué connotaciones tienen estos términos? Sería interesante crear un pequeño mapa de la distribución de los mismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T14:58:10.720" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T07:08:08.440" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;terremoto&quot; y &quot;temblor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21771" CreationDate="2017-08-11T18:36:55.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque etimológicamente son lo mismo (y en otros idiomas no existe distinción tan clara), parece haber ido decantando un uso variado en distintos países, en parte por necesidades prácticas (legales y de la industria aseguradora).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;sismo&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;seísmo&lt;/em&gt;) tiende a mantener un ámbito más formal, y a agrupar a ambos términos. Por su parte, &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;temblor&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se distingue, denotan respectivamente a los más y menos violentos, pero los criterios para dividir varían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(esta lista está incompleta, puedes ayudar a incluir nuevos países)&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por daños:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://rsn.ucr.ac.cr/documentos/educativos/sismologia/325-cual-es-la-diferencia-entre-un-sismo-un-temblor-y-un-terremoto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre un sismo, un temblor y un terremoto?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guatemala&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soy502.com/articulo/cual-diferencia-entre-temblor-sismo-terremoto-32419&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre temblor, sismo y terremoto?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perú&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://portal.igp.gob.pe/sites/default/files/images/documents/sismos/preguntas_frecuentes/2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿QUÉ DIFERENCIA EXISTE ENTRE SISMO, TEMBLOR Y TERREMOTO?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Por intensidad del movimiento:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t13.cl/noticia/nacional/cual-es-la-diferencia-entre-temblor-sismo-y-terremoto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre temblor, sismo y terremoto?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que no sea coincidencia que los mismos criterios también se usen en la clasificación técnica: la escala de &lt;em&gt;Mercalli&lt;/em&gt; gradúa los sismos según percepción y daño, mientras que las escalas de &lt;em&gt;Richter&lt;/em&gt; y de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Magnitud de Momentos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se fijan en sus aspectos cinemáticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro término para designar este fenómeno es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/movimiento_tel%C3%BArico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;movimiento telúrico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Aunque el DLE sólo recoge el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tel%C3%BArico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adjetivo&lt;/a&gt; como subterráneo o relativo a la Tierra, es de uso &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22movimiento%20tel%C3%BArico%22&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relativamente común&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12661" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T07:08:08.440" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T07:08:08.440" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-11T18:36:55.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21717" CreationDate="2017-08-11T19:42:34.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few pieces of advice which --I hope-- complement the other suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There actually exists a &lt;strong&gt;neutral-by-design dialect&lt;/strong&gt; used in dubs known by names as varied as castellano/español &lt;em&gt;latino&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de latinoamérica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;internacional&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_neutro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;neutro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Market targeting as well as loss of specialization has led it to give room to local varieties, but it is still very well &lt;em&gt;known&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;received&lt;/em&gt; in most countries. The idea is to chose words and other nuances by their understandability rather than local popularity. Most of us in Latin America grew up listening to this without even knowing. It sounds a bit foreign, yet very familiar to everyone here. Netflix offers Español Latino dubs, at least in Latin America. Book translations to Spanish tend to take care of this too, especially those from the XX century.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't source this, but marketing professionals of international brands focused in Latin America are aware of a complex graph of how well each dialect is received in different countries. There are some better received than others, but &lt;strong&gt;if you want to avoid inconvenience, go international&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The more &lt;strong&gt;formal&lt;/strong&gt; the speech you learn, the less dialectal differences there will be (up to a limit, of course.) In turn, I wouldn't advise you to try to sound colloquial. It is hard not to sound &lt;em&gt;foreign&lt;/em&gt;, (unless you are really gifted,) and it seems that &lt;em&gt;foreign formality&lt;/em&gt; is better received in general. This is the kind of language you'll probably find on grammar books.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want to stick to a &lt;em&gt;natural&lt;/em&gt; dialect (as opposed to artificial &lt;em&gt;Latino&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;Mexican&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Cuban&lt;/strong&gt; should be more fit for your potential &lt;strong&gt;audience&lt;/strong&gt;, as already mentioned, depending on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_United_States#Modern_mass_migration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;which State you live at&lt;/a&gt;: e.g. you'd find a huge community of Puerto Ricans in NYC, while Spanish in FL &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?safe=active&amp;amp;q=%22castellano%20de%20miami%22&amp;amp;oq=%22castellano%20de%20miami%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i8i30k1l2j0i5i30k1j0i8i30k1.28318.30202.0.30414.11.11.0.0.0.0.110.850.9j2.11.0....0...1.1.64.psy-ab..0.11.847...0i7i30k1j0i13k1j0i8i7i30k1j0i8i7i10i30k1j0i13i30k1j0i13i5i30k1.8NrapyDttw0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(especially Miami)&lt;/a&gt; is strongly biased toward Cuban, but toward Mexican in the remainder of the Sun Belt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think &lt;strong&gt;Mexican&lt;/strong&gt; varieties tend to be more available to learn in the US, but I might be proven wrong. If you choose one of these, be careful to avoid slang or less formal speech: idioms could limit your understandability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whatever you learn, I regret to tell you to &lt;strong&gt;avoid Argentinian and Chilean&lt;/strong&gt; Spanish, since these are probably less useful for you, and considered outliers even by their own speakers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regarding Spanish from (most of) &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;, it is a strategic decision (and up to you.) Although Spanish originated there, differences in grammar (&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;) and pronunciation (c, z as /θ/) make it quickly sound odd to Latinos, marking a difference. You may want to use it in your favor, (e.g. if you are into business with Europe,) or avoid it altogether.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An interesting (though not necessarily very scientific) reading: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.emudesc.com/threads/mejor-peor-espanol-en-latinoamerica.408191/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mejor &amp;amp; peor español en latinoamerica&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T04:45:30.297" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T04:45:30.297" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21798" CreationDate="2017-08-11T22:03:58.933" Score="6" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se especifica/destaca género con verbos reflexivos en la tercera persona?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came upon a sentence that went something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;She wonders why he doesn't get up earlier.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I write &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no way of knowing, without additional context, whether or not &quot;se levanta&quot; refers to &quot;she,&quot; &quot;he,&quot; or &quot;usted,&quot; right?  So, how do I make that absolutely clear?  And how would I say &quot;She wonders why she (herself) doesn't get up earlier?&quot;  Below is how I think you do this, but something tells me that I'm off on some or all of this and I haven't had much luck finding a solid answer to this anywhere, so here goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;he doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;no se levanta él&lt;/strong&gt; más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;she (another girl/woman) doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta ella más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;she (herself) doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;no se levanta ella misma&lt;/strong&gt; más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize I'm adding complexity to all of this by using an example in which  subject-verb order is reversed in one of the clauses, and if that makes a difference in the placement of the pronoun of clarification, please address that in your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I have visited the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1539/reflexive-and-non-reflexive-third-person&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive and non-reflexive third person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13480/where-do-you-specify-gender-in-a-sentence&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where do you specify gender in a sentence?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but neither really addressed what has caused this latest confusion for me about the Spanish language.  I suppose that one of my biggest areas of confusion is where I can place a pronoun to clarify, specify, or emphasize the gender of the subject of a reflexive verb.  Sources I often visit to test various phrasing constructs indicate to me that doing something like this is extremely rare, but even so, I would imagine there will be times when it is necessary and I would like to do it correctly so as not to add more confusion to what I'm attempting to express.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me with this aspect of the Spanish language?  Thanks in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco me encontré con una oración que decía algo como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;She wonders why he doesn't get up earlier?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si escribo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo forma de saber, sin más contexto, si «se levanta» refiere a «ella», «él», o «usted», ¿verdad?  Así que, ¿cómo digo eso con toda claridad?  Y, ¿cómo deciría, “She wonders why she (herself) doesn’t get up earlier?”  A continuación son ejemplos de cómo creo que se hace esto, pero algo me dice que no estoy completamente correcta sobre algunos o todos y no he tenido mucha suerte encontrando una respuesta sólida a ésta en ninguna parte, así que aquí va:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;no se levanta él&lt;/strong&gt; más temprano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;he doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;no se levanta ella&lt;/strong&gt; más temprano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;she (another girl/woman) doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;no se levanta ella misma&lt;/strong&gt; más temprano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  She wonders why &lt;strong&gt;she (herself) doesn't get up&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me doy cuenta que añado complejidad a todo esto utilizando un ejemplo en que el orden de sujeto-verbo se invierte en una de las cláusulas, y si eso hace una diferencia en la colocación del pronombre de clarificación, por favor diríjase en su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, he visitado las siguientes páginas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1539/reflexive-and-non-reflexive-third-person&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive and non-reflexive third person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13480/where-do-you-specify-gender-in-a-sentence&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where do you specify gender in a sentence?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero ninguno de ellos abordado verdaderamente lo que me ha causado esta última confusión sobre la lengua española.  Una de mis áreas de confusíon es dónde colocar un pronombre para clarificar, especificar, o destacar el género del sujeto de un verbo reflexivo.  Fuentes que visito para probar diversos constructos de frase me indican que hacer algo así es extremadamente raro, pero aún así, imaginaría que habrá veces cuando es necesario y quiero hacerlo correctamente para no añadir más confusión a lo que intento expresar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me puede ayudar con este aspecto de la lengua española?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano por tu ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T02:55:08.277" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T02:02:21.747" Title="How do you specify/emphasize gender with third person reflexive verbs?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21774" CreationDate="2017-08-12T02:47:24.110" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pronombre reflexivo (en cualquier persona y número) carece de género (a diferencia de los que ocurre con alguna de las personas en los pronombres personales o posesivos). De hecho la partícula &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; se presta todavía a más confusión, porque en ocasiones no puedes saber si es reflexivo o recíproco, como en el clásico ejemplo de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las niñas se peinan &lt;sub&gt;Cada una a sí misma (reflexivo) o la una a la otra (recíproco)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única manera que tienes de desambiguar en esos caso es, como indicas, añadir el pronombre o un sustantivo. El contexto podría darte también información extra para desambiguar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué &lt;strong&gt;Juan/su marido&lt;/strong&gt; no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su compañera de piso siempre duerme hasta mediodía. Ella se pregunta por qué (su compañera) no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo que ha dormido hasta tarde otra vez, y perdido la mayor parte del día, ella se pregunta por qué (ella misma) no se levanta ella más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T02:47:24.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21913" CreationDate="2017-08-12T03:07:33.407" Score="8" ViewCount="691" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;lovey&lt;/strong&gt; is a transitional object that comforts your child in your absence, and it can be especially valuable to a child when falling asleep [...] A soft toy or a small blanket that can be held closely can give your child a sense of security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(Elizabeth Pantley, &amp;quot;The no-cry sleep solution for toddlers and preschoolers&amp;quot;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;lovey&lt;/em&gt; es uno de eso objetos que los niños de llevan a dormir (y a veces a todas partes), por lo general peluches, manitas y muñecas. Por razones de seguridad, se evita que estos tengan piezas pequeñas y/o partes afiladas o duras y por razones obvias, cuanto más suave el objeto mejor, para que el niño duerma abrazado al &lt;em&gt;lovey&lt;/em&gt; y este no moleste en la cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más típico es que dicho objeto sea un &lt;em&gt;peluche&lt;/em&gt; o una mantita, pero este &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;comfort object&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; puede ser muchas otras cosas (cualquiera de los otros juguetes del niño, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.babysleepsite.com/sleep-training/baby-lovey-how-when-why/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;piezas de puzle&lt;/a&gt;, etc. )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un nombre en español para estos objetos que los niños se llevan a dormir y que sirven para darles seguridad y reconfortarles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T15:45:10.710" Title="¿Cómo se diría en español &quot;lovey&quot;? (transitional object for children)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21776" CreationDate="2017-08-12T16:34:21.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción está en la propia definición: &quot;objeto transicional&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éste es el término utilizado en psicoanálisis: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objeto_transicional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objeto_transicional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;objeto transicional&lt;/strong&gt; es un objeto material en el cual un infante deposita cierto apego, es por ejemplo un muñeco de peluche o un trapo [...] que tiene funciones psicológicas importantes, sobre todo al pretender dormir []. Constituye una fuente de placer y de &lt;em&gt;seguridad&lt;/em&gt; para el infante que suele apretarlo, tenerlo cerca y hablarle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inspirulina.com/el-objeto-transicional-objeto-de-consuelo-o-de-apego.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra página&lt;/a&gt;, también se le puede llamar &quot;objeto de consuelo&quot; u &quot;objeto de apego&quot;, que no es tan técnico y tiene algo más de la semántica de &quot;&lt;em&gt;lovey&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T02:09:38.250" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T02:09:38.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-12T17:04:21.733" Score="4" ViewCount="993" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo del estudio de las lenguas asiáticas, hay muchos términos para referirse a los estudiantes o a quienes tienen interés en estos temas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en inglés los &lt;em&gt;Sinophiles&lt;/em&gt; son personas que tienen interés en todas las cosa chinas. Los &lt;em&gt;otaku&lt;/em&gt; son los fans del &lt;em&gt;anime&lt;/em&gt; y son muy comunes en todo Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llaman personas que tienen interés en el español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T19:30:02.260" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T19:30:02.260" Title="¿Cómo se llaman personas que tienen interés en el español?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21776" CreationDate="2017-08-12T17:06:45.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español (al menos en España) se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;dudú&lt;/em&gt;, adaptación del francés &lt;em&gt;doudou&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un doudou o dudú es un pequeño trapito de motivos infantiles que muchos bebés y no tan bebés utilizan al dormir. [...] A veces puede resultar una muy buena solución a los despertares del peque durante la noche, ayudando a que se sienta tan reconfortado como si mamá o papá estuvieran con él. [...] La palabra originaria doudou es francesa y es una especie de adjetivo afectuoso, algo así como llamar a alguien “cariño”. La castellanización del doudou sería dudú y como en Francia, se usa para llamar a ese pequeño trapito, de tela aterciopelada la mayoría de veces y cabeza blandita de muñeco. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundobebes.net/blog/que-es-un-doudou-o-dudu/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No la busquéis en la RAE que no está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T17:06:45.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21779" CreationDate="2017-08-12T17:06:59.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podemos decirles: &quot;hispanófilos&quot;. (Referencia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanofilia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanofilia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T17:06:59.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21783" CreationDate="2017-08-12T20:19:46.927" Score="2" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am supposed to highlight verb phrases in a book for my Spanish II summer project. Does present progressive count, or is it considered something else, in a different category as verb phrases such as &quot;puede hablar&quot; or &quot;tratar de comprender&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17387" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T15:03:35.117" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T15:03:35.117" Title="Is present progressive considered to be a type of verb phrase?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21782" CreationDate="2017-08-12T20:42:29.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;estar + -ando/-endo&amp;quot; is a verb phrase just like &amp;quot;poder + infinitive&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;tratar de + infinitive,&amp;quot; that is, unlike in English it is not considered to be a special tense in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The technical name of the kind of verb phrases that indicate a specific moment of the action or state they refer to (beginning, duration, end) is &lt;em&gt;perífrasis aspectual&lt;/em&gt;. Aspectual verb phrases can in turn be classified as follows, depending on the moment of the event they describe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;incoativas: comenzar a / ponerse a / echar a / empezar a / entrar a + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;inminenciales: estar por / estar a punto + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;continuativas: &lt;strong&gt;estar / andar / seguir + gerundio.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;terminativas: terminar de / acabar de + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;resultativas: llegar a + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reiterativas: volver a + infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;habituales: soler + infitinito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source: Manual de gramática del español, Ángela Di Tullio, 2da. Edición.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another large group of verb phrases is that of &lt;em&gt;perífrasis modales&lt;/em&gt;, which includes modal verbs like &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T20:42:29.520" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21785" CreationDate="2017-08-12T21:35:13.633" Score="4" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that the sentence &quot;&lt;em&gt;A su muerte, pidió que &lt;strong&gt;se le&lt;/strong&gt; enterrara en secreto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can be translated as &quot;&lt;em&gt;At his death, he asked that he be buried in secret.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also believe that &lt;em&gt;se ... enterrara&lt;/em&gt; is a passive voice construction which could be replaced with &lt;em&gt;fuera enterrado&lt;/em&gt; with appropriate reordering. However, the place of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; following &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; confuses me. Typically &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is an indirect object pronoun, but I believe it is playing the role of &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; in the translation &lt;em&gt;he be buried&lt;/em&gt;, which seems to me to be the direct object, and hence I would default to &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps what might clear this up for me is that if I change this into active voice (with Google's help...), I think it could be correctly written as: &quot;&lt;em&gt;A su muerte, le pidió que fuera enterrado en secreto&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; Now with the placement of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; preceding &lt;em&gt;pidió&lt;/em&gt;, perhaps &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is playing the indirect object for some abstract/unnamed third party to whom the request is being made (e.g., ..he asked &lt;em&gt;unnamed third party&lt;/em&gt; to bury him..); but if this is the case, then why &lt;em&gt;se le&lt;/em&gt; ordering in the original sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14517" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T20:23:10.487" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T07:54:19.383" Title="The use of &quot;se le&quot; in &quot;A su muerte, pidió que **se le** enterrara en secreto.&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21784" CreationDate="2017-08-12T21:51:23.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;(que) se le enterrara en secreto&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is, in fact, a passive clause, and is correctly translated as proposed: &quot;(that) he be buried in secret.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being passive and in the absence of any noun or noun phrase that could be the direct object (as in: &quot;&lt;em&gt;que se le diera sepultura&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, in which case &lt;em&gt;sepultura&lt;/em&gt; would be the direct object and &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; the indirect one), &quot;le&quot; &lt;strong&gt;has to&lt;/strong&gt; be the direct object. The question is, then, why we use &quot;le&quot; (which usually substitutes for the Indirect Object) rather than &quot;lo&quot; (the typical marker of the Direct Object). The answer can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; where, under 4(f), we find that this use of &quot;le(s)&quot; standing for the direct object is a case of &lt;em&gt;leísmo&lt;/em&gt; typical of passive constructions with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;when the direct object is masculine&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f) Es habitual que en las oraciones impersonales con se (→ se, 2.1a) el complemento directo, especialmente cuando es masculino, se exprese con las formas de dativo y no con las de acusativo, como correspondería a la función desempeñada: Se le considera el mejor actor de su tiempo; Se les vio merodeando por la zona. Parece demostrado que este tipo de oraciones se construían originariamente en castellano con pronombres de dativo. El uso de le(s) se ha mantenido mayoritariamente, tanto en España como en gran parte de América, cuando el complemento directo es masculino: «A su bisabuelo hoy no le hubieran permitido vivir como vivió: se le consideraría como un ejemplo de inmoralidad» (TBallester Filomeno [Esp. 1988]); «Se le vio [al niño] algunas veces contento» (VLlosa Tía [Perú 1977]); «Se le obligó a aceptar el régimen de encomienda» (Fuentes Ceremonias [Méx. 1989]); «En los puertos y rincones del Caribe se le conoció siempre como Wito» (Mutis Ilona [Col. 1988]); «Al rey se le veía poco» (UPietri Visita [Ven. 1990]); sin embargo, cuando el complemento directo es femenino, lo normal es usar la(s): «Se la veía muy contenta» (VLlosa Tía [Perú 1977]); aunque no faltan ejemplos de le(s): «Tan enamorada se le observaba, tan desencajadamente arrebolada se le veía» (Vergés Cenizas [R. Dom. 1980]). Se trata, pues, de un caso especial en el que se emplean desde los orígenes las formas de dativo en función de complemento directo. No obstante, muchos hablantes, conscientes de que la función que cumple el pronombre en ese tipo de oraciones es la de complemento directo, emplean en estos casos los pronombres de acusativo, uso generalizado en los países del Cono Sur: «Se lo veía zigzaguear entre los autos» (Cortázar Reunión [Arg. 1983]); «¡No se lo puede andar molestando por trivialidades!» (Magnabosco Santito [Ur. 1990]); «Nunca se lo vio ladrar ni gruñir» (Allende Casa [Chile 1982]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-08-12T22:01:28.087" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T22:01:28.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21784" CreationDate="2017-08-12T22:06:43.817" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a clear case of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;leísmo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leísmo&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;using &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) is a dialectal variation in the Spanish language that occurs largely in Spain. It involves using the indirect object pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; in place of the (standard) masculine direct object pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, especially when the direct object refers to a male person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first translation is right: &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; refers to the one asking to be buried, it is the direct object and it should indeed have been written &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;; but, as explained in the Wikipedia page and even in Gustavson's answer, there are some cases where this incorrect use of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is accepted and even sanctioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T22:06:43.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21776" CreationDate="2017-08-12T22:11:29.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile a ese objeto le decimos &lt;strong&gt;tuto&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque la palabra solo la recogen con ese significado en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/tuto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Objeto al que un bebé tiene apego y requiere tener a su lado para quedarse dormido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tuto&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; en cambio especifican que se trata de una almohadilla para dormir el bebé, pero me consta que puede ser cualquier objeto, para cualquier edad y no necesariamente para dormir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se supone que proviene de &lt;em&gt;tuta&lt;/em&gt;, palabra quechua (una lengua andina) que significa &quot;oscuridad&quot; y &quot;noche&quot;, y de la cual viene otra expresión chilena: &lt;em&gt;hacer tuto&lt;/em&gt;, que significa dormir. Pero después de leer la respuesta de @Carlos Alejo me sorprende la similitud con &lt;em&gt;dudú&lt;/em&gt; y sospecho que la etimología puede venir por ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T22:11:29.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21790" CreationDate="2017-08-12T22:51:40.493" Score="6" ViewCount="353" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay alguna regla que gobierna cuando se puede y cuando no se puede usar «ser» (en una forma de tiempo presente) + un participio pasado para formar una oración en la voz pasiva?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently spent a few minutes doing an exercise in a Spanish textbook -- &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Spanish_Grammar_in_Context.html?id=MJVvmvtwf-cC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context, 2nd Edition&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by Juan Kattán-Ibarra and Angela Howkins.  It was an exercise in a chapter titled, &quot;Passive and impersonal sentences,&quot; and the specific exercise I am referring to was one of those &quot;change the verb in brackets&quot; exercises.  I got all but one wrong.  I understood why, once or twice, but many left me wondering why my answer wasn't listed among the correct choices.  To preserve intellectual property rights, I won't list all of those that left me wondering, but I'll include a few.  Maybe someone out there in this forum can explain why some of my answers weren't listed among the correct choices.  Examples below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los pueblos (repoblar) por familias jóvenes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The villages (to repopulate) by young families.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Textbook answer: han sido repoblados/serán repoblados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My answer: son repoblados*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;*Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son repoblados&quot; and &quot;están repoblados?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Todos los datos (analizar) antes de publicarlos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;All data (to analyze) before publishing (them).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Textbook answer: han sido analizados/fueron analizados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My answer: son analizados*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;*Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son analizados&quot; and &quot;están analizados?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mucha gente (invitar) a la inauguración del nuevo teatro.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Many people (to invite) to the opening of the new theater.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Textbook answer: fue invitada/ha sido invitada&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My answer: es invitada*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;*Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;es invitada&quot; and &quot;está invitada?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, I thought that I had missed something in the instructions, which explicitly state this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Change the verb in brackets to the passive form, «ser» with the past participle, to complete these sentences.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I got to thinking that a present tense conjugation of &quot;ser&quot; with what looks like a past participle is actually serving as an adjective and the two combine to form a predicate nominative or subject complement sentence.  The thing is, that theory doesn't seem to hold water because this textbook did, on occasion, give answers with a present tense conjugation of &quot;ser&quot; with a &quot;past participle&quot; (or adjective).  Below are the two examples in which it provided as an answer a present tense conjugation of &quot;ser&quot; with a past participle/adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los robots (programar) para tomar fotografías de la superficie de Marte.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Robots (to program) in order to take photographs of the surface of Mars.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Textbook answer: son programados/serán programados*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;*Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son/serán programados&quot; and &quot;están/estarán programados?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cada verano grandes áreas de bosque (arrasar) por incendios forestales.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Each summer large areas of forest (to level) by forest fires.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Textbook answer: son arrasadas*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;*Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son arrasadas&quot; and &quot;están arrasadas?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The English translations you see above are not included in the book.  They are my own.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the questions I have asterisked above, I have a fairly good understanding of when you should choose &quot;ser&quot; over &quot;estar,&quot; but as I continue to study Spanish, I am beginning to notice that the Spanish language contains subtleties that go beyond the basic rules students are taught in the beginning, and therefore, I posed these questions to see if any of those subtleties in meaning apply to any of these examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I have visited (and read ... and even commented on) the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/250/when-should-i-use-the-pure-passive-voice-in-spanish-fue-fueron-past-particip&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When should I use the pure passive voice in Spanish? ( fue/fueron [past participle] )&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13219/preterit-passive-vs-estar-past-participle&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preterit Passive vs. Estar + Past Participle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both were very good and I learned some things from them I wasn't fully aware of before, but it didn't exactly address my questions in this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that reason, I hope that someone can understand what I’m asking about in this post and can add additional enlightenment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco pasé unos minutos en un ejercicio en un libro de texto de español — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Spanish_Grammar_in_Context.html?id=MJVvmvtwf-cC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context, 2nd Edition&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por Juan Kattán-Ibarra y Angela Howkins.  Fue un ejercicio en un capítulo titulado, «Oraciones pasivas e impersonales», y el ejercicio específico de que me refiero fue uno de los «cambie el verbo entre corchetes» ejercicios.  Conseguí todos menos uno equivocado.  Entendí por qué , una o dos veces, pero muchos me dejó pensando por qué mi respuesta no estaba en la lista de opciones correctas.  Para preservar derechos de propiedad intelectual, no voy a enumerar todos que me dejó pensando, pero voy a incluir unos pocos.  Quizás alguien ahí fuera en este foro pueda explicar por qué algunas de mis respuestas no estaban aceptadas.  Ejemplos siguientes: [Véanse los ejemplos supra comenzando con «Los pueblos …» en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio, pensé que me había perdido algo en las instrucciones, que declarar explícitamente ésto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cambie el verbo en corcachetes a la forma pasiva, «ser» con el participio pasado, completar estas oraciones.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me puse a pensar que una conjugación en tiempo presente de «ser» con que parece un participio pasado, en realidad, sirve como un adjetivo y los dos combinan para formar una oración del nominativo predicado o sujeto complemento.  La cosa es que esa teoría no se sostiene porque este libro de texto dio, en ocasiones, ejemplos de una conjugación de «ser» con un «participio pasado» (o adjetivo).  A continuación figuran los dos ejemplos en que el libro de texto dio como una respuesta una conjugación de «ser» en el tiempo presente con un participio pasado/adjetivo:  [Véanse los ejemplos supra comenzando con «Los robots …» en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las traducciones ingleses que ven por encima no se incluyen en el libro.  Son mías.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a las preguntas que he marcado arriba con un asterisco, tengo una comprensión bastante buena de cuando debería elegir «ser» en lugar de «estar» y viceversa, pero como continúo estudiando español, estoy empezando a notar que la lengua española contiene sutilezas que transcenden las reglas básicas que, al principio, se enseñan estudiantes, y por lo tanto, planteé estas preguntas para ver si algunas de estas sutilezas de significado aplican a alguna de estes ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, he visitado (y leído … y incluso comentado) lo siguiente: [Véanse los enlaces arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos hilos de discusión eran muy buenos y aprendí algunas cosas de ellos de que no era plenamente consciente anteriormente, pero no abordaron mis preguntas en este post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esa razón, espero que alguien pueda entender lo que estoy preguntando en este post y pueda añadir iluminación adicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:07:37.983" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T03:33:11.740" Title="Are there any rules governing when you can and cannot use a present tense form of &quot;ser&quot; + a past participle to form a passive sentence?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21771" CreationDate="2017-08-12T22:59:32.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en México, se usa indistintamente temblor o terremoto, sin connotación alguna por la intensidad, &lt;strong&gt;cuando el contexto indica claramente que se trata de un movimiento telúrico.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;strong&gt;terremoto&lt;/strong&gt; se usa exclusivamente para el fenómeno sísmico, mientras que &lt;strong&gt;temblor&lt;/strong&gt; se puede referir a cualquier movimiento oscilatorio, independientemente de su causa, lo que nos deja divertidos enunciados como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;después del &lt;em&gt;terremoto&lt;/em&gt;, todos sintieron &lt;em&gt;temblores&lt;/em&gt; en los brazos por el susto, más fuertes que el candelabro, que quedó &lt;em&gt;temblando&lt;/em&gt; por largos minutos.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T22:59:32.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21788" CreationDate="2017-08-13T00:05:18.443" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;ser&quot; + past participle in the present tense can be used in any passive context where the present is allowed. The difference with &quot;estar&quot; + past participle is that the former will indicate the process, while the latter will denote the state already reached (for this reason, the past participle after &quot;estar&quot; is always adjectival).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's analyze each example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las pequeñas ciudades &lt;strong&gt;son repobladas&lt;/strong&gt; por familias jóvenes. (This refers to the &lt;strong&gt;process&lt;/strong&gt; whereby young families repopulate villages.) Note: I don't use &quot;pueblos&quot; to avoid the redundancy with &quot;repoblar&quot;, but some better overall translation might be found.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las pequeñas ciudades &lt;strong&gt;están repobladas&lt;/strong&gt; por familias jóvenes. (This refers to the &lt;strong&gt;state&lt;/strong&gt; of villages being &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; repopulated by young families.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Todos los datos &lt;strong&gt;son analizados&lt;/strong&gt; antes de publicarlos. (For stylistic and even grammatical reasons I don't like the simultaneous use of a passive tensed verb and an active infinitive: I'd very much prefer &quot;antes de &lt;strong&gt;ser publicados&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;). In this case, the action of publishing encourages the use of the passive rather than that of &quot;estar + adjectival past participle&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente &lt;strong&gt;es invitada&lt;/strong&gt; a la inauguración del nuevo teatro. (Equivalent to &quot;are invited&quot;: this refers to the process or action of being invited.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente &lt;strong&gt;está invitada&lt;/strong&gt; a la inauguración del nuevo teatro. (This refers to the fact that they have already been invited and are therefore on the list of guests: state.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los robots &lt;strong&gt;son programados&lt;/strong&gt; para tomar fotografías de la superficie de Marte. (This refers to the action of being programmed.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los robots &lt;strong&gt;están programados&lt;/strong&gt; para tomar fotografías de la superficie de Marte. (This refers to the state of being already programmed and therefore ready to take those pictures.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cada verano grandes áreas de bosque &lt;strong&gt;son arrasadas&lt;/strong&gt; por incendios forestales. (In this case, the presence of the time adverbial &quot;cada verano&quot; and of the agent &quot;por incendios forestales&quot; renders &quot;están arrasadas&quot; impossible. To express a state, both elements should be eliminated. This differs from the case of the villages being already repopulated by young families in that, in this case, the families continue to live there. Instead, fires do not devastate forests on an ongoing basis.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T11:42:28.810" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T11:42:28.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21792" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T14:36:27.580" Score="7" ViewCount="3585" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haciendo limpieza en la casa de mis suegros ha aparecido un viejo ejemplar del Trivio 1000, uno de los muchos &lt;a href=&quot;http://retromemories.net/lo-10-mejores-juegos-de-mesa-que-plagio-falomir-juegos-1a-parte/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;juegos que Falomir editó en los 80 como plagios&lt;/a&gt; de otros juegos más famosos. He rescatado las tarjetas de preguntas porque prometen ser una mina. Aquí va una pregunta de una de ellas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo opuesto a la lujuria?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;La castidad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, según el diccionario tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NgoG0zM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lujuria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;luxuria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Deseo excesivo del placer sexual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7qyewB6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;castidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;castĭtas, -ātis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Virtud de quien se abstiene de todo goce carnal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que la lujuria es un deseo, algo que se siente, mientras que la castidad es una virtud, algo que se practica. Uno puede sentir lujuria y practicar la castidad, no veo que sean excluyentes y, por tanto, opuestos. Yo consideraría la inapetencia como antónimo de lujuria, tal vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué pensáis? ¿Se puede romper de algún modo una lanza a favor de Falomir? ¿O consideráis la respuesta como errónea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T14:34:41.237" Title="¿Es &quot;castidad&quot; lo opuesto a &quot;lujuria&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21792" CreationDate="2017-08-13T14:45:58.203" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el cristianismo existen los llamados &quot;siete &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecados_capitales&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pecados capitales&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (lujuria, gula, avaricia, pereza, ira, envidia, soberbia), y a éstos les corresponden &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siete_virtudes_(catecismo)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;siete virtudes&lt;/a&gt; reconocidas por el catecismo. La virtud opuesta a la lujuria es precisamente la castidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El juego, evidentemente, no está usando las definiciones del diccionario, sino las del catecismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T14:45:58.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21788" CreationDate="2017-08-13T20:28:19.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several things going on here. As indicated by other people already, your answers are not ungrammatical. Mostly they sound wrong because they don't correspond to the implied context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los pueblos (repoblar) por familias jóvenes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can use the present tense, but, as in English, the present tense often implies a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitual_aspect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;habitual aspect&lt;/a&gt;. If you write &lt;em&gt;Los pueblos son repoblados por familias jóvenes&lt;/em&gt;, it sounds as if that repopulation is taking place all the time, customarily, as a matter of fact. Without any context, this could very well be true, but it's not something you'd hear often; more probably you'll see it either in the past tense (in a history book) or in the future (e. g. in a proposal to repopulate small towns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask: &lt;strong&gt;Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son repoblados&quot; and &quot;están repoblados?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Yes. I hear &lt;em&gt;son repoblados&lt;/em&gt; as explained above (a habitual or continual process of repopulation), while &lt;em&gt;están repoblados&lt;/em&gt; sounds more like a report on the present, and probably final, state of the repopulation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos los datos (analizar) antes de publicarlos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This again sounds like a habitual process, but unlike the previous one, it looks OK considering the likely context. &quot;We check everything before publication.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask: &lt;strong&gt;Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;son analizados&quot; and &quot;están analizados?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Estar analizado&lt;/em&gt; is borderline ungrammatical. The only context where I would not hear it as wrong would be, for example, in a lab, where samples are lying on a table. In that case someone might say: &lt;em&gt;Éstos ya están analizados, aquéllos todavía no.&lt;/em&gt; It still sounds forced, though I could not explain why. For that meaning most people would rather use the active voice or a past tense passive (&lt;em&gt;ya los analicé&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ya fueron analizados&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mucha gente (invitar) a la inauguración del nuevo teatro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you don't have a choice; being invited to a particular event is always something that happens in the past, that will happen in the future or that is happening right now. You cannot be habitually (present tense) invited to the opening of a particular theater. You could have &lt;em&gt;Mucha gente está siendo invitada a la inauguración&lt;/em&gt;, for example (meaning a lot of people are being sent invitations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask: &lt;strong&gt;Are there any differences in meaning between &quot;es invitada&quot; and &quot;está invitada?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Yes. If you are invited (meaning you have been invited), then it's always &lt;em&gt;estar invitado&lt;/em&gt;. The verb just works that way. If you use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; then the present form will be &lt;em&gt;ser un invitado&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to be a guest&quot;, with the participle &lt;em&gt;invitado&lt;/em&gt; turning into a noun. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-24T03:33:11.740" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T03:33:11.740" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T21:37:18.563" Score="9" ViewCount="10925" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9dpTI7F%7C9dqVgC1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hablar por los codos&lt;/a&gt; viene definido como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Hablar demasiado.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y aparece en el diccionario de la lengua ya en 1729 como &quot;Phrase vulgár con que se pondéra y exagéra, que alguno habla mucho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cual es el origen de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastActivityDate="2020-11-19T20:11:28.490" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;hablar por los codos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21795" CreationDate="2017-08-13T22:25:23.267" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar una respuesta definitiva al asunto. La expresión existe también en portugués (&lt;em&gt;falar pelos cotovelos&lt;/em&gt;), y a ese respecto encontré lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como significa &quot;falar demais&quot;, esta expressão tem origem nas pessoas&#xA;  que têm por hábito falar demais. Estas pessoas, por possuírem essa&#xA;  característica, conseguem ver a falta de interesse no seu&#xA;  interlocutor, já que a capacidade de atenção de uma pessoa é limitada,&#xA;  principalmente quando a conversa não é interessante. Então, nesse&#xA;  caso, a pessoa que fala demais, toca no cotovelo da outra pessoa, para&#xA;  chamar a sua atenção. É por esse motivo que se diz que uma pessoa&#xA;  &quot;fala pelos cotovelos&quot;. O primeiro registro desta expressão é da&#xA;  autoria do escritor latino Quintus Horatius Flaccus (65-8 a.C.), numa&#xA;  das suas sátiras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduciendo en pocas palabras: se dice de la persona que habla mucho que &quot;habla por los codos&quot; porque no sólo habla mucho sino que además &lt;strong&gt;toca con el codo al interlocutor para llamarle la atención&lt;/strong&gt; y obligarlo a que siga escuchando. Supuestamente esta expresión aparece ya en las &lt;em&gt;Sátiras&lt;/em&gt; de Horacio (siglo I a.C.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T22:25:23.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21744" CreationDate="2017-08-14T02:21:14.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The existing answer is great but I want to give you a couple other ways of thinking about this.  &lt;em&gt;Estación&lt;/em&gt; is at the foundation, at the level of the equinox.  It's based on what happens astronomically with the earth and the sun.  &lt;em&gt;Temporada&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;in the time of&lt;/em&gt;, for example: &lt;em&gt;In summertime&lt;/em&gt;, when the cicadas sing, you get in the mood for lemonade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other idea I want to share is that when you take a train, you stop at stations.  Also, as you go cycling along through the seasons of the year, you also stop at stations.  December 21st -- your train stops at the Beginning of Winter Station.  Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully these ways of associating the cognates and their meanings will help you remember the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T02:21:14.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21774" CreationDate="2017-08-14T03:03:57.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to your first question is amazingly simple.  If leaving out the subject pronoun leaves some ambiguity, then don't leave it out.  The worst that can happen when you use a pronoun that could possibly have been omitted is that it might sound a bit pedantic, but that woulnd't be a big deal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta él más temprano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right, in general it's often nice to have the subject come after the verb, but in this case, it would sound better to move &quot;él&quot; in front of the verb as Diego did, because when it comes after the verb it might lead you to interpret it as an article -- you might think a noun is coming next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta ella más temprano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without some context, this still sounds ambiguous, do you see why?  In this case you would need a name instead of a pronoun, e.g. &lt;em&gt;Lisa se pregunta por qué no se levanta Marisol más temprano&lt;/em&gt;.  (Or &lt;em&gt;Marisol&lt;/em&gt; could go after the verb, I think.)  However, in a context where it's obvious whom you're talking about, you might be able to get away with the two pronouns or even an omitted second pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta ella misma más temprano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better: &lt;em&gt;Ella se pregunta por qué no se levanta más temprano.&lt;/em&gt;  In absence of a name or a negative pronoun, you can assume the listener will interpret the verb &lt;em&gt;levantarse&lt;/em&gt; as happening to one and only (selfsame) person as the previous verb.  So you don't need the &quot;ella misma&quot; here and it is unnecessary repetition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I missed something please point out which parts I neglected to address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T03:12:35.060" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T03:12:35.060" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21788" CreationDate="2017-08-14T05:30:10.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to give you a very simple answer (and to do so I must ignore the question in your title -- if you want to address this I suggest a separate Question):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your solutions to the exercises are correct.  Just notice that the solutions in the book show &quot;ser&quot; in a different tense than the &lt;em&gt;present tense&lt;/em&gt; that you used.  Yours are fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I could construct scenarios or contexts for these present tense sentences but I don't see the need at this point.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often the person who writes the answers in the back of the book is not the author him or herself.  Well, in this case, the person who developed the answers section interpreted the instructions differently than you did, but who's to say one of you was right and the other wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But please do make sure you understand how &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is conjugated in the future and past, and if I missed the mark, please clarify your question or write a new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T05:30:10.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21792" CreationDate="2017-08-14T06:21:27.340" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la respuesta puede darse en dos sentidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puesto en su &lt;strong&gt;contexto histórico&lt;/strong&gt;, se puede decir que &lt;strong&gt;no hay error&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mirado desde el &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt;, hay que admitir que la pregunta &lt;strong&gt;puede verse ambigua&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analicemos cada uno por separado, partiendo por el presente:&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1. Basados en el castellano actual, ¿es la castidad lo opuesto a la lujuria?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;mdash;Veamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción de &lt;strong&gt;castidad&lt;/strong&gt; (que quizá omites porque parece circular) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de casto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a su vez, la primera acepción define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7rOnAo2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;casto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que se abstiene de todo goce sexual, &lt;strong&gt;o se atiene a lo que se considera como lícito.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[énfasis añadido]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que no posee en sí sensualidad. Casto amor, deleite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en ese sentido, también un casado es casto siendo fiel a su mujer, aunque no se &lt;em&gt;abstenga de todo goce sexual&lt;/em&gt; con ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;lujuria&lt;/strong&gt;, efectivamente la entrada de la 23ª edición del DLE mirada aisladamente parece excluir la práctica, pero hay antecedentes de que puede no ser tan así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tanto la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=I1g7iyigHDXX2eCKWsel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;22ª edicion del DLE (2001)&lt;/a&gt; como el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/desen/?key=lujuria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario Esencial&lt;/em&gt; (2006)&lt;/a&gt; definen lujuria en primer lugar como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vicio&lt;/strong&gt; consistente en el &lt;strong&gt;uso&lt;/strong&gt; ilícito o en el apetito &lt;strong&gt;desordenado&lt;/strong&gt; de los deleites carnales&lt;/em&gt; [énfasis añadidos].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La misma 23ª edición define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ngu6s9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lujurioso&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado o entregado a la lujuria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FltFypa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entregado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; vienen de formas pronominales y las respectivas acepciones implican ceder y declararse vencido (en este caso, frente al deseo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por otro lado, la misma palabra &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt; tiene entre sus acepciones &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L9MJRDS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;impulso&lt;/a&gt;, excitación venérea&lt;/em&gt;. Ambos sustantivos admiten un grado de acción en este contexto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignoro las razones de la RAE para dar a la entrada su forma actual, pero &lt;strong&gt;poniendo las cosas en contexto, no se puede decir que la oposición castidad-lujuria sea errónea, aunque sí que admite ambigüedad&lt;/strong&gt;. Pero vamos, que también la oposición claro-oscuro puede ser ambigua porque claro también es antónimo de turbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2. En el contexto en que fue creado el juego, ¿es más o menos correcto que sea la castidad lo opuesto a la lujuria?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parafraseando a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massimo_d%27Azeglio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Massimo d'Azeglio&lt;/a&gt;, juzgar un juego de una época según el diccionario de otra es el más injusto de los sistemas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=JmXphV8ELtUC&amp;amp;pg=PA75#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=giudicare%20uomo%20eta%20secondo%20le%20idee%20altra%20fallace%20ed%20ingiusto%20dei%20sistemi&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;él lo decía de personas&lt;/a&gt; e ideas, por cierto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirado desde los ochenta, la principal dificultad (la acepción de lujuria en la 23ª edición) simplemente desaparece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, engarzo con la respuesta de pablodf76 para decir que en los años ochenta la relación del español medio con el catolicismo era distinta a la de hoy. No encontré datos de la época, pero sólo unos pocos años antes &amp;mdash;según un &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Spain#Democratic_Spain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estudio de la Biblioteca del Congreso&lt;/a&gt; de EE.UU.&amp;mdash;, un 95% de españoles era bautizado (hoy ronda el 70% según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/telediario/catolicismo-diferencia-confesion-mas-numerosa-espana/1718843/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RTVE&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/2011/08/07/sociedad/1312668002_850215.html#despiece2?rel=mas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El País&lt;/a&gt;) y 60% iba a misa y el 30% lo hacía regularmente (hoy es aproximadamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/vangdata/20150402/54429637154/interactivo-creencias-y-practicas-religiosas-en-espana.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tercio&lt;/a&gt; de eso). Además, según cuentan, el anticlericalismo era mucho menos marcado en esa época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A consecuencia de lo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;resulta razonable pensar que en los ochenta la pregunta diera mucho menos lugar a dudas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, ni soy historiador, ni vivo en España, ni supe leer hasta bien avanzada la década de los 80, de modo que si queda alguna duda sugiero zanjar este punto preguntando a un español de 60 años o más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T14:31:44.750" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T14:31:44.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21802" CreationDate="2017-08-14T07:19:00.490" Score="6" ViewCount="18284" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21800/1674&quot;&gt;una espléndida respuesta de Rafael&lt;/a&gt; observé que habla de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A consecuencia de lo anterior, resulta razonable pensar que en los &lt;strong&gt;'80&lt;/strong&gt; la pregunta diera mucho menos lugar a dudas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; cambio las negritas originales para destacar lo que me generó la duda &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, utiliza &lt;em&gt;'80&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a los años que van de 1980 a 1989.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usarlo? ¿Y es correcto usar 1980's o 1980s tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1954/1674&quot;&gt;se preguntó en el pasado&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-07-30T14:10:49.423" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T14:10:49.423" Title="¿Es correcto usar '80 u 80s para referirnos a décadas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21801" CreationDate="2017-08-14T07:19:00.490" Score="7" Body="&lt;h3&gt;No.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como comenta el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=B6fTYMuWLD6udxJmRF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;década&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es habitual utilizar expresiones como &lt;em&gt;los años veinte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la década de los treinta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los cuarenta&lt;/em&gt;, etc., referidas a los decenios que comprenden los años de cada siglo que tienen la misma cifra en su decena; así, la expresión &lt;em&gt;los años veinte&lt;/em&gt; alude conjuntamente a los años comprendidos entre 1920 y 1929, ambos inclusive. En estos casos, se desaconseja poner en plural el cardinal referido a la decena: ⓧ«&lt;em&gt;A través de los veintes y de los treintas, muchos poetas de talento [...] trabajaban en otros estilos&lt;/em&gt;» (Hora [Guat.] 14.7.97). Tampoco deben usarse fórmulas como ⓧ&lt;em&gt;los 20s&lt;/em&gt; o ⓧ&lt;em&gt;los 20’s&lt;/em&gt;, copiadas del inglés. En el español de América, en la construcción &lt;em&gt;la década de&lt;/em&gt;..., aparece a veces en singular el artículo que acompaña al cardinal: &lt;em&gt;la década del treinta&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de &lt;em&gt;la década de los treinta&lt;/em&gt;, construcción esta última más habitual y recomendable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el artículo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wV8heEHVFD64FHx2Ng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/a&gt; aborda el caso de ⓧ &lt;em&gt;los '80&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/em&gt;. Signo ortográfico auxiliar en forma de coma alta (’), que apenas se usa en el español actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. Hay que evitar los siguientes usos del apóstrofo, ajenos al español, y que se deben al influjo del inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Cuando aparece en sustitución de las dos primeras cifras de un año: ⓧ’82 por 1982. Si se desea hacer la abreviación, lo que es frecuente en la expresión de acontecimientos relevantes celebrados en ciertos años, no debe utilizarse el apóstrofo: ⓧBarcelona ’92 (Juegos Olímpicos). Basta con las dos últimas cifras del año, que pueden unirse o no con guion a la palabra precedente: Barcelona 92 o Barcelona-92.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; es correcto utilizar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;los años ochenta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la década de los ochenta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;los ochenta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; es correcto usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ⓧ &lt;em&gt;los ochentas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ⓧ &lt;em&gt;los 80s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ⓧ &lt;em&gt;los 80's&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ⓧ &lt;em&gt;los '80&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T11:06:33.723" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21804" CreationDate="2017-08-14T08:37:09.297" Score="6" ViewCount="5312" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tomemos como ejemplo esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usar '80 *&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; 80s para referirnos a décadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puesto que &quot;80&quot; empieza por &quot;o&quot;, para evitar la cacofonía entiendo que lo correcto sería decir y escribir lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usar '80 &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; 80s para referirnos a décadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto así, o tiene alguna excepción la norma en cuanto a números?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Qué se haría ante siglas como &lt;em&gt;OHL&lt;/em&gt;, acrónimos como &lt;em&gt;OTAN&lt;/em&gt; y palabras como &lt;em&gt;hoyuelo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Y ante extranjerismos como &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; que empieza por &quot;o&quot; pero se pronuncia &quot;&lt;em&gt;uan&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;guan&lt;/em&gt;&quot;? Como por ejemplo en: «&lt;em&gt;la palabra &quot;uno&quot; comparte raiz con otras extranjeras como&lt;/em&gt; &quot;un&quot; &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; &quot;one&quot;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es la norma puramente fonética, o depende también de la letra siguiente, aunque sea ésta muda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T08:50:23.047" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T07:21:27.063" Title="¿Se debe usar la conjunción &quot;u&quot; en lugar de &quot;o&quot; ante números?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21803" CreationDate="2017-08-14T08:44:02.910" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, debe cambiarse la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; cuando la sigue un número empezado por &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del Diccionario panhispánico de dudas en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=7wb3ECfmhD6reWjGRa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. &lt;strong&gt;La conjunción o toma la forma u cuando precede a una palabra que comienza por el sonido &lt;code&gt;/o/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;No sé si la jarra es de latón u hojalata; Tendrá siete u ocho años&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;La misma transformación se da si la conjunción va entre números: &lt;em&gt;Tendrá 7 u 8 años&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos... ¿qué se haría ante siglas como &lt;em&gt;OHL&lt;/em&gt;, acrónimos como &lt;em&gt;OTAN&lt;/em&gt; y palabras como &lt;em&gt;hoyuelo&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Es la norma puramente fonética, o depende también de la letra siguiente, aunque sea ésta muda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, sería &lt;em&gt;u hoyuelo&lt;/em&gt; pues la regla habla del sonido, no de la letra y &lt;em&gt;hoyuelo&lt;/em&gt; fonéticamente empieza por &lt;code&gt;/o/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a los acrónimos y las siglas, no encuentro una explicación oficial en el artículo de Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/siglas-y-acronimos-claves-de-redaccion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siglas y acrónimos, claves de redacción&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con la Ortografía de la lengua española, una sigla es un «signo lingüístico formado generalmente con las letras iniciales de cada uno de los términos que integran una expresión compleja» (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho lo cual, lo correcto considero que sea considerarla una palabra como cualquier otra a los efectos de las conjunciones, por lo que yo apostaría por decir &lt;em&gt;u OTAN&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;u OHL&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T07:21:27.063" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T07:21:27.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21815" CreationDate="2017-08-14T15:26:04.617" Score="3" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber vuestra opinión acerca de la función del subjuntivo en una frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi profe nos ha enseñado que en oraciones sustantivas se distinguen tres tipos de funciones del subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;subjuntivo volitivo&lt;/strong&gt; (el verbo de la oración principal expresa deseo, prohibición, permiso, órden, consejo, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dubitativo&lt;/strong&gt; (el hablante pone en duda lo de que se trata en la oración subordinada: &lt;em&gt;no es cierto, no estoy seguro, dudo que …, supondo que&lt;/em&gt; …, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;temático&lt;/strong&gt; (el verbo de la oración principal expresa evaluación o emociones tipo &lt;em&gt;me alegro …, estoy contento … , temo …,&lt;/em&gt; etc.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tengo una frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) Y ahora &lt;strong&gt;imagínate&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; Hitler &lt;strong&gt;hubiese nacido&lt;/strong&gt; en los Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la lista de los verbos y expresiones que tengo aquí, el verbo de la principal &lt;em&gt;imaginar&lt;/em&gt; pertenece a la clase de los verbos y expresiones dubitativos ya que el hablante pone en duda el contenido de la oración subordinada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cf. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Es difícil imaginar que se pueda llegar a estos números&quot;&#xA;&quot;No puedo imaginar que esto pueda ser organizado por alguien&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero creo que en (1) el subjuntivo en la oración subordinada no tiene valor dubitativo porque no evalúa el valor de verdad sino el hablante pide al oyente que se imagine una situación irreal, entonces se trata de una situación contrafactual (si parafraseamos la frase, tenemos &lt;em&gt;Y ahora imagínate lo que habría pasado si Hitler hubiese nacido en los Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de presentar mi opinión a mi profesor me gustaría preguntaros si lo que pienso suena razonable o si es una tontería. ¡Muchas gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T07:25:11.090" Title="Funciones del subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21810" CreationDate="2017-08-14T15:47:00.420" Score="3" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to translate something concerning a money deposit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We received your message. I deposited the money as soon as possible on &#xA;  the account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my current attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recibimos su mensaje. Deposité el dinero en la cuenta lo más rápido posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct that both should be written in the indefinido. Or should the last one be written in the &lt;em&gt;perfecto&lt;/em&gt; due to the connection with the present?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14051" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:13:47.900" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:13:47.900" Title="Pretérito indefinido o perfecto to talk about something connected with the present?" Tags="&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21805" CreationDate="2017-08-14T19:31:37.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si utilizas el presente de indicativo &quot;imagínate que ha nacido y ...&quot;, a partir del &quot;que&quot; ya te has trasladado a la narración de una historia, en la que se usa el presente como variación estilística de la narración. Es un recurso, pero como ves, suena raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y es debido a que lo que realmente tienes es una &lt;strong&gt;subordinada condicional&lt;/strong&gt; oculta, que en lugar de con un &quot;si&quot; comienza con un &quot;que&quot;, pero es lo mismo. Es como decir &quot;imagínate qué pasaría SI Hitler hubiese nacido&quot;. Ahí claramente tenemos la subordinada condicional, que rige subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T19:31:37.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21806" CreationDate="2017-08-14T19:35:00.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The English version is not specifying as acccurately as Spanish. It depends on what it really means. Both forms are valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deposité = in a past already gone (and it will be understood that it is the same time when they received the msg). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He depositado = in a past you are still in (and so, recently).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the main usages, but many territories use only the first one. Anyway, you see that both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T19:35:00.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21809" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-14T20:48:27.283" Score="6" ViewCount="1725" Body="&lt;p&gt;In these sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;lo intento&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; I try &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;lo siento&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; I am sorry &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand why there is a &quot;lo&quot; here? As I under it lo is a direct pronoun for the third person singular. However in the two lines above surely it should be &quot;me&quot; as its the first person singular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:17:36.917" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:14:15.057" Title="Why is &quot;lo&quot; required in &quot;lo intento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21806" CreationDate="2017-08-14T21:01:06.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first sentence, &quot;We received your message&quot;, can be translated both with the preterite (&lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;) or the perfect. There is a difference, but it's not nearly as clear-cut as in the English equivalent verb forms. In fact both are used in different dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;European (Spain's) Spanish is noticeable for its use of the compound tense (the perfect) in places where the simple preterite would be preferred in other dialects. Spanish newspapers will say e. g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Una persona ha muerto y dos han resultado heridas en un accidente...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;One person has died and two have been injured in an accident...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where most American Spanish dialects would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Una persona murió y dos resultaron heridas en un accidente...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;One person died and two were injured in an accident...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the compound tense to translate &quot;We received your message&quot; would give it a sense of immediacy, which sounds fine: &lt;em&gt;Hemos recibido&lt;/em&gt; suggests we have &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; received the message and (see?) we're already replying to it! But, again, either tense is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second sentence, &quot;I deposited the money as soon as possible on the account&quot;, the complement &quot;as soon as possible&quot; should be translated as &lt;em&gt;tan pronto como (me) fue posible&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tan pronto como pude&lt;/em&gt; (the Spanish translation doesn't work without a verb). Though both Spanish tenses are again OK, the complement sounds wrong with the perfect. It should be all in the preterite: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deposité el dinero en la cuenta tan pronto como fue posible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speakers of European Spanish would maybe employ the perfect in both clauses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He depositado el dinero en la cuenta tan pronto como ha sido posible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I hope someone can confirm that last bit.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T01:43:09.230" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T01:43:09.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21809" CreationDate="2017-08-14T21:48:21.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They're two different cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) In English, you can use &quot;try&quot; alone, but not in Spanish. &quot;intentar&quot; is a transitive verb that NEEDS a direct object to specify. You can think of it like &quot;intentar&quot;=[try to do]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you need to specify what thing you're trying. That's why &quot;lo&quot; appears there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Check that &quot;siento&quot; is the verb &quot;sentir&quot;=&quot;to feel&quot;. It's not &quot;to be sorry&quot;, which makes full sense itself. You can feel anything. When you say &quot;lo siento&quot; it means &quot;I'm sorry&quot; because it kind of says &quot;I'm feeling your pain/ I'm feeling sympathy, I share your pain&quot;, and so on. So &quot;lo&quot; indicates what you &quot;feel&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:48:21.477" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21806" CreationDate="2017-08-14T23:09:58.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I don't disagree with what's been written.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tenses you chose are fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;lo más rápido posible&quot; doesn't fit in a past tense sentence.  That phrase would be used when giving instructions to do something as soon as possible.  In English maybe one can get away with using ASAP in the past tense, but I think it's a little harder to be sloppy in this way in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would rewrite your sentence slightly during the translation, as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We received your message. I deposited the money in&#xA;  the account immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recibimos su mensaje. Deposité el dinero en la cuenta enseguida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, &quot;enseguida&quot; means, in essence, &quot;as soon as I got your message.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T23:09:58.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21809" CreationDate="2017-08-14T23:13:25.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo intento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do it; I will try to do it.  (The subject, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, was omitted from the sentence you showed.  This is a fun feature of Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I regret it; I am sorry about it.  (Again, the subject is omitted.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T23:13:25.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21809" CreationDate="2017-08-15T01:32:13.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &amp;quot;intentar&amp;quot;, as a transitive verb, usually takes a direct object, it does not always need one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is perfectly correct to say, in the proper context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can find it accompanied by some structure to reinforce the idea that, no matter what the result may be, you will make a try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos intento // No sé si podré pero intento // Por más que intento no lo consigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in line with the grammar of transitive verbs which, according to the RAE, can do without the direct object &lt;strong&gt;without ceasing to be transitive&lt;/strong&gt;. Item 34.5.1a of RAE's grammar says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos verbos [con complemento directo omitido] no dejan de ser transitivos en tales contextos, ni pasan a adquirir en ellos un nuevo significado. De hecho, es posible remitir al elemento que queda sobrentendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element that is understood in &amp;quot;Intento&amp;quot; is whatever the person is trying his/her hand at. It is worth mentioning that &amp;quot;Lo intento&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Intento&amp;quot; (with &amp;quot;intentar&amp;quot; being transitive in both cases) is equivalent in meaning to: &amp;quot;Trato&amp;quot;, which is intransitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find this use of &amp;quot;intentar&amp;quot; without an object similar to that of &amp;quot;buscar&amp;quot; which, even if usually accompanied by an object, does not always require one. Noone can deny that this sentence from the Bible is correct: &lt;em&gt;El que busca encuentra.&lt;/em&gt; By analogy, we can very well say: &lt;em&gt;El que intenta consigue.&lt;/em&gt; Although the thing tried or sought is implicit, it need not be expressly stated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The case of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo siento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is different. &amp;quot;Lo siento&amp;quot; is similar to &amp;quot;Lo lamento&amp;quot; (though the latter is quite stronger). Though unusual, &amp;quot;Siento&amp;quot; alone can be used to mean &amp;quot;I have feelings&amp;quot;, in a context like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso, siento, estoy vivo. (I think, I feel/have feelings, I'm alive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To mean &amp;quot;I'm sorry&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; is required, and the pronoun will refer to the situation the speaker is sorry for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Here I've found a couple of interesting examples illustrating the use of &amp;quot;intentar&amp;quot; without an object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él trata de hacerlo, intenta, pero no lo logra.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=OyAoUAUQI0UC&amp;amp;pg=PA118&amp;amp;dq=%22intenta%20pero%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22intenta%20pero%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;) (Notice that while &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;lograr&amp;quot; do require a direct object, &amp;quot;intentar&amp;quot; does not.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edipo intenta pero falla.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=orIwAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22intenta%20pero%22&amp;amp;dq=%22intenta%20pero%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T15:10:44.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21805" CreationDate="2017-08-15T02:06:04.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo clasificarías las siguientes frases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Dudo que Hitler haya nacido en los Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) No creo que Hitler haya nacido en los Estados Unidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dubitativo, ¿no?  Y también tu frase (1).  Es que &amp;quot;dubitativo&amp;quot; es una categoría más amplia de lo que tú pensabas, creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No recuerdo exactamente cómo se categorizaban los usos del subjuntivo cuando estudié el español, pero creo que no era un sistema tan rígido y simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tú quieres hacer una cuarta categoría para ti, está bien.  O podrías modificar la definición (o descripción) de la categoría &amp;quot;dubitativa&amp;quot; para ti misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T07:25:11.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21817" CreationDate="2017-08-15T03:24:20.490" Score="12" ViewCount="3274" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre «catedrático», «docente», «maestro», y «profesor»?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier this year, I prepared to take a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DELE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DELE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; exam, more specifically, the DELE B2 exam.  Feeling a bit nervous about my abilities in the month prior to the exam, I splurged on some preparation books published by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edelsa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edelsa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Though I did not get a chance to cover them quite as thoroughly as I would have liked, I continue to use them for study from time to time.  I find the vocabulary section in the one titled, &lt;a href=&quot;http://edelsa.es/venta/index.php?route=product/product&amp;amp;path=69_344_212&amp;amp;product_id=220&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Preparación al Diploma de Español Nivel B2,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; particularly useful.  Even though it does not provide English translations, it has brought my attention to useful and current words and phrases I might not have encountered otherwise.  It was during one of my sessions with this book that I began wondering what the differences are between the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;catedrático&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;docente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maestro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;profesor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike my other inquiries here, I actually came upon some resources that helped further develop my understanding of each of these.  Since the answers I found come from multiples sources, most of which are in Spanish, I've decided to add what I discovered in an answer to this post, but if any of you have something more to add, or dispute any of my findings, please post an answer and/or comment of your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A comienzos de este año, estaba preparando para tomar el examen conocido como &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DELE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«DELE»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Me sentía un poco nerviosa de mis habilidades en el mes antes del examen, especialmente después de ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3uy3emw4nE&amp;amp;index=1&amp;amp;list=PLbT9YCMy6o83vEl9F_37nqlohf-Y-Etcn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;este vídeo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Por esa razón, derroché en algunos libros de preparación publicados por &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edelsa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edelsa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Aunque no tuve el tiempo para cubrirlos tan a fondo como habría gustado, continúo usarlos para estudiar de vez en cuando.  Encuentro la sección de vocabulario en el uno denominado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://edelsa.es/venta/index.php?route=product/product&amp;amp;path=69_344_212&amp;amp;product_id=220&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Preparación al Diploma de Español Nivel B2»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, particularmente útil.  Aunque no da traducciones al inglés, ha traído mi atención a palabras y frases actuales y útiles que quizás pueda no haber encontrado de otro modo.  Fue durante una de mis sesiones con este libro que empecé a preguntarme, cuál es la diferencia entre los siguientes: [Véanse arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al contrario a mis otros preguntas aquí en este foro, en realidad, encontré con algunos recursos que ayudaron a seguir desarrollando mi comprensión de cada una de estas palabras.  Desde las respuestas encontré vienen de recursos múltiples, la mayoría de los cuales están escritos en español, he decidido añadir lo que he descubierto en una respuesta a este post, usando la pregunta y respuesta estilo de post autorizado por este foro.  Pero, si alguno de ustedes tienen algo más que añadir, o disputan alguna de mis conclusiones, por favor, añadan un post con su repuesta or comentario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2020-12-23T09:42:41.417" Title="What is the difference between &quot;catedrático,&quot; &quot;docente,&quot; &quot;maestro,&quot; and &quot;profesor?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21816" CreationDate="2017-08-15T03:50:20.847" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;catedrático&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This appears to be a professor, but not a generic word for professor.  From the definitions I’ve read, this refers to a special type of category of professors — those who have reached the highest status at a university (but this can also refer to those at a high school).  The gist I get from this definition that I got from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is that a “catedrático” is akin to at least a full-time professor, not an associate professor or an adjunct professor, and quite possibly this title is reserved for those who have tenure.  This notion seems to correspond with information I found later on a Wikipedia page titled, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_ranks_in_Spain&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Academic ranks in Spain.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  It is part of a larger page titled, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_academic_ranks&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“List of academic ranks.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  It contains links for 75 other countries in addition to Spain; 7 of these 75 countries are Spanish-speaking countries — Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela).  The only one among these that I see that refers to a “catedrático” is Costa Rica as in “Profesor Catedrático” and it refers to a “titular professor” (something below an emeritus professor and an “associated* professor).  I do not know if any of the 14 Spanish-speaking countries not referenced by this page use “catedrático” among their terms for academic rank.  (If you happen to know and/or want to set up a page for the academic ranks of your country, I am sure Wikipedia would encourage it and many others would appreciate it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*I think this may be a typo for “associate” professor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;docente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Appears to be more often used as an adjective than a noun.  In fact, the DRAE only lists this as an adjective for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E30trd8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;teaching,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; but despite that, you will see use of “docente” refer to a teacher even in Spain’s paper of record — &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; (see below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/cartas-al-pais/gils-carbo-funcion-promover-justicia-legitima-defender_0_rknnmIpH-.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«… un docente de inglés es como un cocinero …»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;—Clarin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/2007/03/19/educacion/1174258810_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Ésta es la propuesta para la evaluación de la actividad docente de los profesores universitarios diseñada por la …»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;—El País&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/2008/01/23/catalunya/1201054051_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«… un docente con más de 15 años de experiencia tiene un salario …»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;—El País&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regional notes for «docente»:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a review of academic rankings by country (as found on Wikipedia), only a couple of countries (Colombia, Costa Rica) appeared to make special mention of “docente.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Colombia,&lt;/strong&gt; there is a distinction between a “profesor universitario” and a “docente universitario.”  A quick glance at the Wikipedia page, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_ranks_in_Colombia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Academic ranks in Colombia”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; seems to indicate that becoming a “professor” in this country may be difficult and competitive, but worthwhile, whereas a “docente” is, perhaps, a position one takes on the way to becoming a full-fledged “professor” and can take the form of an “associate” or “adjunct” professor (to provide something of a U.S. equivalent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Costa Rica,&lt;/strong&gt; you will find a “Docente de Emergencia.”  I did not find any resource to back this up, but it seems likely that this would be the equivalent of a “substitute teacher” in the U.S.  The word “docente” also applies to auxiliary teachers and lab assistants in Costa Rica.  In the U.S., I think you would refer to these types of teachers as “Teacher Assistants/Helpers.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maestro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;From the Latin root “magis,” meaning “more” or “great.”  (Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maestro#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary entry for “maestro.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)  As I understand it, in Spanish, this is just a generic word for &quot;teacher,&quot; but can also mean “master.”  It is a word that is actually found in several different languages, all with slightly different meanings, but at the core of them all is a meaning of someone who has mastered something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.educacionfutura.org/el-maestro-ideal-segun-la-reforma-educativa/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«El maestro ideal, según la Reforma Educativa»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;Educación Futura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/sociedad/maestro-fuego-revelo-secretos-asado-rural_0_r1VIHTRB-.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Un &quot;maestro del fuego&quot; reveló los secretos del asado en La Rural»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;Clarin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;profesor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I’ve kind of already defined “profesor” when I attempted to give a description for “catedrático” and “docente.”  Like “maestro,” this is a word that can be used somewhat generically (but perhaps a bit less so) and in certain contexts, it can have a very specific meaning.  Generally speaking, however, this tends to refer to a teaching position at a university.  It can also refer to a teaching position at a high school, but I sense the word is mainly reserved for those who teach at an institution beyond “la escuela secundaria.”  A recent glance at a Univision headline has me second-guessing myself on this, so if any native Spanish speakers know for sure, please comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://peru21.pe/actualidad/profesores-huelga-manana-no-vayan-al-colegio-porque-no-habran-clases-video-2293478&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Profesores en huelga: ‘Mañana no vayan al colegio porque …’»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;Perú21&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/3103658/0/profesor-universidad-navarra-escribira-pelicula-sobre-padres-fundadores-union-europea/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Un profesor de la Universidad de Navarra escribirá una película ...»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;20minutos.es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While doing this research, I stumbled upon two other synonyms for “teacher,” so I decided to add them to this post.  They are below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enseñante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Only listed as an adjective in the DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticia/cultura/2017/05/09/cesar-bona/00031494328728940496845.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«He conocido a enseñantes muy buenos»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;La Voz de Asturias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavoz.com.ar/opinion/escuela-nuevas-relaciones-con-conocimiento&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«…el rol enseñante del docente…»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;La Voz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;educador&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is usually translated into English as “educator.”  It is a word that is more formal and less generic than “teacher.”  According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/educator&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, it defines someone who is “distinguished for his/her educational work.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://laestrella.com.pa/opinion/columnistas/justo-arosemena-educador/23998787&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Justo Arosemena, el educador»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA; —&lt;em&gt;La Estrella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, allow me to share with you two more things that might illuminate these words a bit more.  The first is an image of the Google Ngram I ran for these words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/iJ6va5O.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And lastly, is this article here, which really was the catalyst that took me from &lt;em&gt;I don’t really know the difference between these words&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;maybe I should do some research and share what I learn.&lt;/em&gt;  The article provides what I think is more of a philosophical approach to the differences between some of these words rather than the dictionary meaning/common application I tried to lay out, and because of that, you just might enjoy it more than anything I've written above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elheraldo.co/columnas-de-opinion/docente-profesor-educador-y-maestro-133508&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Docente, profesor, educador y maestro»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; —&lt;em&gt;El Heraldo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T03:50:20.847" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21809" CreationDate="2017-08-15T12:00:57.750" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is to complement the other answers, mainly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;em&gt;lo siento&lt;/em&gt; is an idiomatic phrase with a special meaning. Think of it as a phrasal verb, &lt;em&gt;sentirlo&lt;/em&gt;, which means &quot;being sorry&quot;. The object pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; can be absent but only if there's an explicit object (which might be subordinate phrase) elsewhere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo siento.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm sorry.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En verdad lo siento mucho.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm truly very sorry.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siento mucho lo ocurrido.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm very sorry about what happened.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siento haberte despertado.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm sorry I woke you up.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note how &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; moves from the verb to the subordinate.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; in this idiomatic sense, &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt; is just the verb &quot;to feel&quot; (and it cannot be used as in English e. g. &quot;I feel for you&quot;). &lt;em&gt;Sentir&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean &quot;to be sorry&quot; except in very specific sentence patterns (as shown above), where it's a synonym of &lt;em&gt;lamentar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;em&gt;Lo intento&lt;/em&gt; you can use &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; or not, but most speakers will use the pronoun, in context, since usually you're speaking of something that was referred to previously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-¿Eres un buen padre?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Are you a good father?&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;-Lo intento.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I try.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Here &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; refers to &quot;being a good father&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also reply to such questions with &lt;em&gt;Eso intento.&lt;/em&gt; Placing the object, &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;, before the verb, is idiomatic; in general, as you must know, the object goes after the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some dialects people say &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt;. With &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; you don't use the pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, since the verb doesn't work the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-¿Siempre haces lo correcto?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Do you always do the right thing?&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;-Trato.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I try.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso trato&lt;/em&gt; also works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: the following I wrote by mistake, but then it's useful as an example, so I'm leaving it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo entiendo&lt;/em&gt; is different. It's also kind of an idiom when used as a reply equivalent to English &quot;I see&quot;, but the pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is not compulsory. The following are all more or less equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya veo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other valid examples, where the translation can be &quot;understand&quot;, &quot;see&quot; or &quot;get&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entiendo lo que dices.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I understand what you say.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora entiendo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Now I understand.&quot; OR &quot;Now I get it.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora entiendo todo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Now I understand everything.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora lo entiendo todo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Now I get it all.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entiendo, pero ¿qué puedo hacer?&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I see, but what can I do?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T15:23:29.197" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T15:23:29.197" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21816" CreationDate="2017-08-15T12:34:17.083" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to Lisa's extensive research my experiences as a frequent visitor to a Spanish university medical school a few years ago. There would only be one &lt;em&gt;catedrático&lt;/em&gt; in a department so it would correspond to what in the UK at that time we called a professor. The next level down of senior figures were &lt;em&gt;profesores titulares&lt;/em&gt;. Below that they were &lt;em&gt;profesores ayudantes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;asistentes&lt;/em&gt;. I was always introduced to people as &lt;em&gt;profesor de bioestadística&lt;/em&gt; even though my colleagues knew I was not entitled to the rank of professor in the UK at that point being a senior lecturer. When challenged in staff areas in the hospital I always said &lt;em&gt;Soy profesor visitante&lt;/em&gt; which empirically seemed to satisfy people. I never heard any of the other terms you mention used for anyone else in the university medical school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a comment which has subsequently been deleted @moo pointed out that there can be more than one &lt;em&gt;catedrático&lt;/em&gt; in a department so my statement above is not true now. Unfortunately I have lost the link @moo provided which gave the source of the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T15:49:06.070" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T15:49:06.070" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2017-08-15T15:44:27.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add another use case of the words &quot;igual&quot; and &quot;lo mismo&quot;: to mean something similar to &quot;maybe&quot; but with a high probability. For example &quot;Igual paso por allí&quot; means something along the lines of &quot;Maybe I'll head over there&quot;, implying that you probably will go. I've also heard &quot;lo mismo&quot; used in the same way, i.e. &quot;Lo mismo paso por allí&quot;. I believe both are colloquial, and possibly exclusively or more commonly used in Spain rather than Latin America, but I'm not too sure. In any case its use is really common among people I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as your question is concerned, in this case the two are completely interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: personal experience living in Spain. Also, I've found a good thread discussing this in the discussion &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/acaso-a-lo-mejor-quizas-igual.2677868/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acaso/a lo mejor/quizas/igual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which appears to confirm that it's only used in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T08:23:22.113" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T08:23:22.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8352" CreationDate="2017-08-16T00:00:54.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Socieza&quot; is definitely a local dialect, but probably he is trying to say &quot;Te ha jugado sucio&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17413" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T00:00:54.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21822" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un latinismo es una palabra o expresión del latín que se usa en español, normalmente en ámbitos científicos, jurídicos, religiosos o cultos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debido al uso del latín como lengua vehicular para los distintos países del Mediterráneo hasta casi el siglo XVIII, muchas expresiones o locuciones latinas han pervivido en el lenguaje jurídico, filosófico, técnico, religioso, médico y científico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí una lista de locuciones latinas cortesía de la web &lt;a href=&quot;http://almacendeclasicas.blogspot.com/2009/09/latinismos-locuciones-latinas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almacén de clásicas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21823" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" Score="0" Body="Un latinismo es una palabra o expresión del latín que se usa en español, normalmente en ámbitos científicos, jurídicos, religiosos o cultos." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:28:08.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21824" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las locuciones latinas son expresiones del latín que se usa en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21825" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" Score="0" Body="Las locuciones latinas son expresiones del latín que se usa en español." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:29:33.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21903" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:52:51.577" Score="4" ViewCount="413" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighted-knuckle_glove&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weighted-knuckle gloves&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, también llamados &lt;em&gt;sap gloves&lt;/em&gt;, son unos guantes de cuero o material sintético (por lo que son de &quot;apariencia normal&quot;) que tienen refuerzos y protecciones metálicas entretejidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos guantes son usados para proteger las manos del portador durante una pelea (por ejemplo evitando cortes) y en algunos lugares son incluso considerados un arma blanca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si existe un término en español para referirse a estos guantes. A mí lo único que se me ocurre sería &quot;guantes de motorista&quot;, porque algunos de estos guantes llevan protecciones extra en nudillos y otras áreas para proteger a los pilotos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &quot;guantes de motorista&quot; es demasiado genérico y llevaría a error, puesto que los guantes se pueden parecer al tener cierto tipo de refuerzo, pero la finalidad del guante es completamente distinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cómo se denominan este tipo de guantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dfGUsm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dfGUsm.png&quot; alt=&quot;SAP glove&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T23:52:17.500" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T11:29:09.863" Title="¿Cómo se llaman los &quot;Weighted-knuckle gloves&quot; (o &quot;sap gloves&quot;) en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21516" CreationDate="2017-08-16T08:24:21.460" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/india-o-la-india-de-peru-o-del-peru&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepta el uso de artículo antes del nombre de países y continentes&lt;/a&gt;, si bien solo para casos donde se ha usado así históricamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchos nombres de países pueden usarse opcionalmente precedidos de artículo: &lt;em&gt;(el) Canadá, (los) Estados Unidos, (la) India, (el) Líbano, (el) Perú&lt;/em&gt;, etc., siendo diferente en cada caso la preferencia mayoritaria por una u otra opción. (...) Para saber qué nombres de países admiten el uso opcional con artículo, puede consultarse el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apéndice 5: Lista de países y capitales&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=8Tu5qHMtQD63wEn6zW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;punto 5 de la entrada del DPD sobre el artículo &quot;el&quot;&lt;/a&gt; amplía información al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Uso con topónimos.&lt;/strong&gt; (...) Muchos nombres de países, y el de algunos continentes, pueden emplearse con o sin artículo, como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;(el) Afganistán, (el) África, (la) Argentina, (el) Asia, (el) Brasil, (el) Camerún, (el) Canadá, (el) Chad, (la) China, (el) Congo, (el) Ecuador, (los) Estados Unidos, (la) India, (el) Líbano, (el) Pakistán, (el) Paraguay, (el) Perú, (el) Senegal, (el) Uruguay, (el) Yemen,&lt;/em&gt; etc. La preferencia mayoritaria por el uso con o sin artículo varía en cada caso, aunque con carácter general puede afirmarse que la tendencia actual es a omitir el artículo. Por otra parte, los nombres de comarcas, ríos, montes, mares y océanos van obligatoriamente introducidos por el artículo: &lt;em&gt;la Amazonia, la Mancha, el Orinoco, el Ebro, los Alpes, el Himalaya, el Mediterráneo, el Pacífico,&lt;/em&gt; etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablando específicamente del continente americano (no europeo), el DPD &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=hBnnxR9MOD6YmtLAqN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice que&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;América&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. No existe razón alguna para censurar el plural &lt;em&gt;las Américas&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene larga tradición en español y resulta una denominación expresiva válida, alusiva a las distintas áreas o subcontinentes (América del Norte, Centroamérica y América del Sur): &lt;em&gt;«La iglesia de San Pedro Claver, el primer santo de las Américas»&lt;/em&gt; (GaMárquez Vivir [Col. 2002]). Este plural expresivo está también presente en la locución &lt;em&gt;hacer las Américas&lt;/em&gt;, usada en España con el sentido de ‘hacer fortuna en América’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según todo lo anterior, el uso de &quot;las Europas&quot; para referirse al continente europeo o a los países de Europa &lt;strong&gt;no sería correcto&lt;/strong&gt;, puesto que históricamente no se ha empleado así. Podría serlo si se estuviese hablando de por ejemplo las diferencias entre las zonas de Europa (países del este vs. países occidentales, etc.)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, pero no es el caso del ejemplo dado en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi sensación personal es que su uso pretende simplemente imitar la expresión &lt;em&gt;las Américas&lt;/em&gt;, bien en tono jocoso o bien sarcástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1. Ejemplo de este uso &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=iUCuqDzBKsoC&amp;amp;lpg=PA1&amp;amp;pg=PA80#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=las%20europas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este enlace&lt;/a&gt; proporcionado por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21516/es-correcto-usar-el-plural-en-las-europas/21828#comment42940_21828&quot;&gt;Rafael&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T17:45:28.323" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T17:45:28.323" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21830" CreationDate="2017-08-16T09:59:08.067" Score="6" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay alguna diferencia en significado entre los dos participios pasados para los tres verbos para que la Real Academia Española autoriza uso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A while back it came to my attention that some verbs have more than one participle.  Initially, I was elated to find such a useful resource, but then realized that perhaps only a little over half of them actually used both participles in modern Spanish.  I subsequently made some Memrise courses with my shortened list, drilled myself on them, and then set them aside.  If you want to review this list or these courses, you can access them with the links below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugador.reverso.net/conjugacion-verbos-con-doble-participio-espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbos con doble participio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The courses I developed from the list above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.memrise.com/course/1129503/50-spanish-verbs-that-have-2-participles/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;50 Spanish Verbs That Have 2 Participles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.memrise.com/course/1132528/supplement-to-50-spanish-verbs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supplement to 50 Spanish Verbs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It wasn't until today, as I was reviewing a section on the perfect tense, that I got to wondering which of the two past participles one should use.  That is when I came upon this page here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/irregular-spanish-past-participles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irregular Spanish Past Participles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which was immensely helpful and confirmed some things I suspected and answered questions for me I hadn't thought to ask, but one question still remains.  If you visit that page, you will see the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;According to the Real Academia Española, only three verbs have two acceptable past participle forms, both of which can be used in perfect tenses.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then lists &quot;imprimir,&quot; &quot;freír,&quot; and &quot;proveer.&quot;  Seeing &quot;freír&quot; on this list did not surprise me because even before I visited this page, I had seen instances of &quot;ha freído&quot; and &quot;ha frito.&quot;  Curious about their frequency of usage, I ran them through Google's Ngram to see what that might reveal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/cTLLY6Z.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it shows that the irregular form is more common for each of these three pairings and has been for some time (although the gap seems to be closing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads me to believe that the decision to use one over the other is purely optional, but I'd like to have that assumption confirmed by a native or fluent speaker of Spanish.  Also, even if there is little to no difference in meaning, is there any preference for one over the other in formal, academic, or educated speech?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace un tiempo, captó mi atención que algunos verbos tienen más que un participio.  Inicialmente, estaba eufórica para encontrar tal un recurso útil, pero entonces me di cuenta que, quizás, sólo un poco más de la mitad utilizan realmente ambos participios en español moderno.  Subsecuentemente, hice algunos cursos de Memrise con mi lista abreviada, practiqué, y después los dejé de lado.  Si quieres revisar esta lista o estes cursos, puede acceder a ellos con los siguientes enlaces: [Véanse arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No fue hasta hoy, como estaba revisando una sección en el tiempo perfecto que me preguntaba cuál de los dos participios pasados uno debe usar.  Eso es cuando me encontré con esta página aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/irregular-spanish-past-participles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irregular Spanish Past Participles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que fue sumamente útil y confirmó algunos aspectos había sospechado y contestó preguntas para mí que no me ocurrió preguntar, pero aún queda una pregunta.  Si visita esta página, verá la siguiente nota:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según la Real Academia Española, sólo tres verbos tienen dos formas de participios pasados aceptables, los cuales de que pueden utilizarse en los tiempos perfectos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, enumera «imprimir», «freír» y «proveer».  Ver «freír» en esta lista no me sorpresó porque aún antes que he visitado esta página, había visto casos de «ha freído» y «ha frito».  Curiosa sobre su frecuencia de uso, los pasé por el Ngram de Google para ver lo que podría revelar [véanse arriba en la sección inglesa] y muestra que la forma irregular es más común para cada uno de estas parejas y ha sido durante algún tiempo (aunque la brecha parece que cae).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me lleva a creer que la decisión de usar uno u otro es puramente facultativa, pero me gustaría tener ese supuesto confirmó por un hablante nativo o fluido de español.  También, aún si hay poco o ningún diferencia en significado, ¿hay alguna preferencia  para uno u otro en discurso formal, académico, o de bien educado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T01:33:05.400" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T01:33:05.400" Title="Is there any difference in meaning between the two past participles for the three verbs that the Real Academia Española authorizes usage for?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21829" CreationDate="2017-08-16T13:25:00.263" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Ngram results are fascinating. If you take them at face value it would seem that we're witnessing a clear trend towards regularization, which might end up turning those irregular participles into adjectives belonging to the broader class of adjectives derived from the Latin participles in &lt;em&gt;-sus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-tus&lt;/em&gt;, etc. (from Wikipedia: &lt;em&gt;abstracto, atento, bendito, concluso, confeso, confuso, converso, correcto, corrupto, despierto, difuso, electo, enjuto, excluso, exento, expreso, extinto, fijo, harto, incluso, inverso, junto, maldito, manifiesto, nato, poseso, preso, presunto, recluso, salvo, suelto, sujeto, suspenso, tinto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's not my impression as a native speaker. My feeling is that &lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;frito&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;provisto&lt;/em&gt; are being used most often as adjectives or as the declinable participles that go with the passive voice, while the regular participles are sometimes encountered as the invariable versions that go into the formation of compound tenses, but even there the irregular participles are also very much in use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, many people I know would assure you that &lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;proveído&lt;/em&gt; are as wrong as *&lt;em&gt;resolvido&lt;/em&gt; and *&lt;em&gt;rompido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's my impression, though, and may not be valid elsewhere. In particular, my dialect uses the compound tenses sparingly, so if what I just said is correct, I'm bound to hear the irregular participles much more often than the regular ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T13:25:00.263" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21833" CreationDate="2017-08-16T13:27:37.613" Score="3" ViewCount="1817" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo y necesito hacer referencia a a una persona que vino de la ciudad de San Pedro del Ycuamandiyú, república del Paraguay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consulté wikipedia y encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Gentilicios_de_Paraguay#Departamento_de_San_Pedro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sanpedrano/a&lt;/a&gt; por un lado y en otra página encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro_de_Ycuamandiy%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sampedrano/a&lt;/a&gt; (ver la el cuadro de wikidata)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que querría saber cómo se dice: &lt;strong&gt;sanpedrano&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sampedrano&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;san pedrano&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien que es de San Pedro. Por lo que parece depende de la región y la historia, pero me gustaría saber si hay alguna regla o algo con lo que uno pueda guiarse para construir los gentilicios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13459" LastEditorUserId="13459" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T15:00:18.097" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:25:47.770" Title="Gentilicios para oriundo San Pedro" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21831" CreationDate="2017-08-16T18:25:47.770" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo vivo relativamente cerca de un pueblo que se llama San Pedro del Pinatar. El gentilicio de las personas que allí viven es &lt;em&gt;pinatarenses&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Nótese que se utiliza la segunda parte del nombre del pueblo, ya que es la que diferencia a este San Pedro de los otros cientos de San Pedro repartidos por el mundo hispano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, mencionas que la ciudad es San Pedro del Ycuamandiyú. Basta con buscar en Google para encontrar como primer resultado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro_de_Ycuamandiy%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la página de Wikipedia de la ciudad&lt;/a&gt;, donde se indica que el gentilicio es &lt;strong&gt;sampedrano, sampedrana&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En este caso, supongo que por no haber otros San Pedro cerca o por ser éste el más importante de la zona, se usa el nombre principal para formar el gentilicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay reglas establecidas para formar los gentilicios, ya que al final lo que prevalece es la manera en que los habitantes de cada pueblo se llamen a sí mismos o hayan sido llamados por sus vecinos a lo largo de los años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hay muchos ejemplos de sitios con nombres parecidos y gentilicios totalmente diferentes. Por ejemplo: los habitantes de España son &lt;em&gt;españoles&lt;/em&gt;, pero los habitantes de Zaña (Perú), que se escribe y pronuncia casi igual, son &lt;em&gt;zañeros&lt;/em&gt; y no ⓧ&lt;em&gt;zañoles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que siempre se va a cumplir es que el gentilicio debe cumplir las normas de ortografía: ⓧ&lt;em&gt;sanpedrano&lt;/em&gt; no tendría sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:25:47.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21839" CreationDate="2017-08-16T19:05:36.820" Score="6" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer un poco de patria y poner un fragmento de una novela de un escritor de mi pueblo llamado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unai_Elorriaga_L%C3%B3pez_de_Letona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unai Elorriaga&lt;/a&gt;. La novela está escrita originalmente en euskera y se titula &lt;em&gt;SPrako tranbia&lt;/em&gt; (en español: Un tranvía en SP). Este es el fragmento que he elegido, casi al azar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asko kostatzen zait orain sofatik altxatzea. Irentsi egiten nau sofak,&#xA;  zaharra delako eta bigunegia, eta gero asko kostatzen zait handik&#xA;  irtetea. Baina Marcos egoten da normalean nire ondoan eta lehenengo&#xA;  bera altxatzen da eta gero niri laguntzen dit. Eta gero esaten du&#xA;  goseak hilik egon behar duela sofak, ni bezalako gauza mingots bat&#xA;  irensteko.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si alguien sabrá euskera por aquí pero con &lt;a href=&quot;https://hiztegiak.elhuyar.eus/hiztegia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itzultzailea.euskadi.eus/traductor/portalExterno/text.do&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traductores&lt;/a&gt; se puede uno hacer una idea y además tenemos la traducción que hizo el propio autor para la versión en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Ahora me cuesta mucho levantarme del sofá. Me traga el sofá, porque es&#xA; viejo y es blando, y después me cuesta mucho salir de allí. Pero&#xA; últimamente suele estar Marcos, y primero se levanta él y luego me&#xA; ayuda a mí. Y luego me dice que el sofá tiene que estar muerto de&#xA; hambre para tragarse una cosa tan amarga como yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa va como siempre, conseguir el mínimo número de caracteres manteniendo el sentido del original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para aquellos que no sepan euskera, que será la mayoría :), he hecho mi propia traducción en inglés ya que no he encontrado ninguna por la red. Me han ayudado un poco y creo que es correcta pero si veis algún fallo corregidlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now I can hardly get up from the sofa. The sofa swallows me, because&#xA;  it is old and too soft, and then I can hardly get out of there. But&#xA;  normally Marcos is with me, and first he stands up and then he helps me.&#xA;  And then he tells me that the sofa must be starving to swallow a thing as&#xA;  bitter as me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@walen gana esta edición en el último momento. Tras toda la semana en solitario apareció @fedorqui a punto de vencer el plazo y se lo puso difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como manda la tradición el ganador tiene dos días para proponer un nuevo reto, pasado ese plazo cualquiera puede hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T06:21:50.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T14:26:29.213" Title="Translation Golf XV - SPrako tranbia" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;euskera&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-16T19:58:53.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-16T23:59:42.377" Score="13" ViewCount="5715" Body="&lt;p&gt;After hearing many sources (news reports, articles, everyday conversations, etc.) use the term &quot;agua potable&quot; when they really just mean &quot;tap water that you still can't drink&quot; I told someone to look up &quot;agua potable&quot; in the dictionary. And lo and behold.. it has become so common to call any type of running water in certain parts of South America &quot;agua potable&quot; that the RAE itself has a second definition of the term which just means that it's water that is acceptable or &quot;pasable&quot;. Several native speakers in Lima, Peru confirm that such descriptions as &quot;pasable&quot; and &quot;aceptable&quot; do not to them denote that the water is drinkable, just that they can bathe with it which fits their understanding of &quot;agua potable&quot; as well. So I guess the term actually is accurate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me this was an eye opener. In English &lt;strong&gt;potable&lt;/strong&gt; definitely always means &quot;drinkable&quot; and it seems to have come from the latin &quot;&lt;em&gt;potare&lt;/em&gt;&quot; where it meant to drink as well. The &quot;pasable&quot; definition also mentions that it's colloquial. I guess my point is that initially at least it seems that they kept repeating inaccurate information calling water potable because that's what other countries had. Perhaps eventually it became so common to use the term this way that even the RAE then amended the definition to match the new reality with the consequence that now one cannot depend on the term meaning anything about the drinkability of the water (possibly dangerous in translation situations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am kind of just guessing here with this last theory, so my question is: &lt;strong&gt;Is there more to this story or am I misunderstanding what this term has traditionally meant in South America?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, is there any way to tell when the RAE may have added to or altered their definition of a given word / term?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RAE definition: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=potable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=potable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example of prominent news report using the term &quot;agua potable&quot; for water you still shouldn't drink without further cleansing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://elcomercio.pe/peru/apurimac/dia-mundial-agua-potable-agua-cano-174852&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elcomercio.pe/peru/apurimac/dia-mundial-agua-potable-agua-cano-174852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As mentioned below, another news report: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://peru21.pe/lima/arequipa-agua-potable-apta-consumo-humano-186878&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://peru21.pe/lima/arequipa-agua-potable-apta-consumo-humano-186878&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: Just wanted to add a piece of the SEDAPAL bill (Servicio de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de Lima). First of all, &quot;agua potable&quot; is part of their name, and second, what they charge you for (tap water, shower water, etc, &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; bottled water) is clearly called &quot;agua potable&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://imgur.com/a/F9oVy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://imgur.com/a/F9oVy&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for Peru we can clearly see why tap water is known as &quot;potable water&quot;. So now just ask someone from Peru if you can drink straight tap water. They will overwhelmingly say that that would not be a good idea. A SEDAPAL employee doing an inspection also told me no, trying to discuss the meaning of the term &quot;potable water&quot; with him went nowhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="12661" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T17:44:58.220" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T03:03:54.703" Title="Can the term &quot;agua potable&quot; not mean &quot;drinkable water&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2017-08-17T01:37:19.753" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't answer your question in terms of all South America, but it definitely seems to be regional. I'm from Dominican Republic and I've only ever heard of &quot;agua potable&quot; with the meaning that it's drinkable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17421" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T02:12:11.673" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T02:12:11.673" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2017-08-17T02:16:58.970" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Agua potable&amp;quot; is indeed &lt;em&gt;drinkable water&lt;/em&gt;. Take into account that the second meaning that you see in the diccionary is a coloquialism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=potable&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Potable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Pasable, aceptable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast with the other meaning (&amp;quot;Que se puede beber&amp;quot; meaning, &amp;quot;that can be drunk; that it is safe to drink&amp;quot;) the second one means &amp;quot;is OK&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un actor bastante potable.(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/potable&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La relación con la oposición es ‘bastante potable’ dijo Mujica (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uypress.net/auc.aspx?23301,6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;uy.press&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article that you provide basically says that the tap water, which should be drinkable, is very crappy and low quality, but still was expected to be drinkable (and safe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, &amp;quot;agua potable&amp;quot; refers to &amp;quot;drinkable&amp;quot;, not just &amp;quot;tap water or running water&amp;quot;. It seems that more and more places are actually having really serious problems related to the access to drinkable water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T03:03:54.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2017-08-17T02:38:23.953" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In many parts of Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;, water as it flows through the municipal water mains is often &lt;em&gt;referred to&lt;/em&gt; by the government as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;agua potable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but people do not generally take this to mean that the municipal water is safe to drink as is.  (There may be some specific urban areas where water treatment has reached reliable sanitary levels, but I personally have never lived in one of these areas.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what terminology can one use instead to talk about safe drinking water in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua purificada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (purified water) is the general term for water that is safe to drink.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua de garrafón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; large bottles of water delivered in all urban neighborhoods in a truck&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TdWch.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TdWch.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;garrafón&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua embotellada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; small, single-use bottles of water, often found in restaurants alongside the soft drinks&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LnOEM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LnOEM.png&quot; alt=&quot;agua embotellada&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua de filtro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (filtered water) is tap water that has been filtered  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua hervida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; water that has been boiled after it comes out of the tap&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agua hervida de filtro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Many people prepare their drinking water by first filtering it as it comes out of the tap, and then boiling it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the  &lt;em&gt;garrafón&lt;/em&gt; has been sitting around for some months, its water is no longer safe to drink.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be careful with ice cubes in restaurants and friends' homes -- either avoid ice cubes (&lt;strong&gt;cubitos&lt;/strong&gt;) or ask what water was used to make the ice.  There is no shortage of people who mistakenly think that freezing water will purify it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ditto with the tasty shaved ice (e.g. &lt;strong&gt;nieve de piña&lt;/strong&gt;) and smoothies (&lt;strong&gt;agua de fruta&lt;/strong&gt;, for example &lt;strong&gt;agua de melón, agua de sandía, etc.&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the countryside, if you draw your water from a well or a river, you'll need to boil it too.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cultural note&lt;/strong&gt;: do not worry about offending your host or restaurateur by asking where the water or ice came from.  It is always okay to cast your eye around to look for one of the big jugs of purified water, or to ask, for example, &quot;¿El agua es de filtro?  ¿O de garrafón?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are visiting a rustic home in the countryside where there is no clear understanding of the importance of boiling water for health reasons, I recommend asking for tea instead of water.  For example, a few leaves from a lemon tree will make a nice herbal tea.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T23:23:24.230" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T23:23:24.230" CommentCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21834" CreationDate="2017-08-17T08:41:10.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;152&lt;/strike&gt; 126 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apenas puedo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=alzar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alzarme&lt;/a&gt; del sofá: es viejo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=fofo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fofo&lt;/a&gt; y me come; cuesta salir. Mas Marcos me acompaña: se alza él, luego a mí. «Mucha hambre tiene para comerte, amargo», dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He reordenado la última frase un poco, pero creo que se entiende bien el sentido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uso &quot;me acompaña&quot; como presente habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T14:21:03.527" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T14:21:03.527" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-17T08:41:10.837" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2017-08-17T11:21:56.827" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might depend on region, probably more due to different availability of water than to cultural or linguistic reasons. For practical purposes, tap water is always safe in Spain, so some distinctions that might be useful in other places aren't useful there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spain, a fountain labelled &quot;agua potable&quot; clearly means that it's safe to drink, while &quot;agua no potable&quot; means that it's not safe to drink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rMoTY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rMoTYm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/awubn.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/awubn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, nowadays some springs are labelled as &quot;agua no tratada&quot; o &quot;agua sin garantía sanitaria&quot;, meaning that nobody guarantees that it's safe, although there isn't a particular reason to suspect it isn't - so, drink it at your own risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13947" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T13:00:48.027" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T13:00:48.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2017-08-17T15:08:51.443" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word potable comes from the Latin potabĭlis, which means &quot;it can be drank&quot;. But in my understanding, potable water might not be safe drinking water. I mean potable water is not treated water. Which can cause problems to some people, I think this is what the different meanings refer to. For example when I go trekking I found a lot of potable water sources, but they are not totally safe to drink if you have a weak stomach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17427" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T15:08:51.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-18T04:02:06.687" Score="11" ViewCount="4294" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la Wikipedia (la entrada no tiene traducción al castellano), &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comfort_food&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;comfort food&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Food that provides a nostalgic or sentimental value to someone, and may be characterized by its high caloric nature, high carbohydrate level, or simple preparation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según otras fuentes es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Food that provides consolation or a feeling of well-being, typically any with a high sugar or other carbohydrate content and associated with childhood or home cooking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple, home-style food that brings comforting thoughts of home or childhood. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/comfort-food?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta ambigua definición, dentro de la categoría &amp;quot;comfort food&amp;quot; podemos tener desde hamburguesas y perritos calientes hasta el simple sandwich de mantequilla de cacahuete. El que algo entre en esa categoría o no puede depender de factores culturales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca se me habría ocurrido pensar que una buena paella valenciana o un potaje podrían ser tachados de &lt;em&gt;comfot food&lt;/em&gt;, pues siempre pensé que el término se refería a esa comida que te satisface, aunque no sea de lo más sana. Observando la definición veo que, debido a lo evocativo que puede resultar una buena paella o una tortilla de patatas (posiblemente, lo que más echo de menos de España) estas también pueden denominarse &amp;quot;comfort food&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas traducciones sugieren &amp;quot;Comida confortable&amp;quot;, que para mi no tiene ningún sentido. &amp;quot;Reconfortante&amp;quot; podría acercarse un poco más, quizá para aquellas con más alto valor emocional que calórico. Por otro lado, los &lt;em&gt;mac &amp;amp; cheese&lt;/em&gt; son comfort food para mi, no por su &amp;quot;valor emocional&amp;quot; pues jamás los comí de pequeño, pero sí por ser una de esas comidas no pesadas pero sí que te dejan bien satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la traducción más apropiada para &amp;quot;comfort food&amp;quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-11-10T11:11:39.123" Title="¿Cómo expresar en español &quot;comfort food&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21845" CreationDate="2017-08-18T14:34:43.847" Score="13" ViewCount="5722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hice &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/13503/revisions&quot;&gt;unas ediciones&lt;/a&gt; a una publicación modificando las referencias a los &lt;em&gt;acentos&lt;/em&gt; para usar el término &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Se utiliza por qué formado por dos palabras y &lt;s&gt;acento&lt;/s&gt; tilde para preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo asumía (supongo que por tradición) el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZkHNOE8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como el único válido y que &lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt; se refería al sonido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. f. acento (‖ signo ortográfico español). Raúl se escribe con tilde en la u. Era u. t. c. m.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. f. Signo en forma de rayita, a veces ondulada, que forma parte de algunas letras, como la ñ, y que antiguamente se usaba en algunas abreviaturas. Era u. t. c. m. &lt;sub&gt; pongo esta acepción porque me pareció interesante &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al rato &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/39483060#39483060&quot;&gt;blonfu me comentó&lt;/a&gt; que tal vez no era necesaria esa corrección:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;veo que has cambiado acento por tilde pero se pueden usar los dos. Yo siempre digo acento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;acento: 3. m. Signo ortográfico español consistente en una rayita oblicua que baja de derecha a izquierda (´)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí menciona la tercera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NDBxAs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. Relieve que en la pronunciación se da a una sílaba, distinguiéndola de las demás por una mayor intensidad, una mayor duración o un tono más alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. m. Signo ortográfico que en algunas lenguas se escribe sobre ciertas vocales para indicar alguna particularidad fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. m. Signo ortográfico español consistente en una rayita oblicua que baja de derecha a izquierda (´), y que, siguiendo unas reglas, se escribe sobre determinadas vocales de sílabas con acento, como en &lt;em&gt;cámara&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;útil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿es equivalente hablar de acento que de tilde a la hora de denotar el signo ortográfico usado sobre las vocales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-10-16T11:38:45.090" Title="¿Es correcto llamar &quot;acento&quot; a una tilde?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21844" CreationDate="2017-08-18T15:12:42.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;. Efectivamente y como tú mismo indicas, la RAE acepta la palabra &lt;em&gt;acento&lt;/em&gt; para denominar a la tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, esa acepción &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=3NAwv4L6mpwC&amp;amp;dq=editions%3Aj62m8iHvey4C&amp;amp;pg=PA39#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=accento&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;está recogida desde la primera edición&lt;/a&gt; del diccionario de autoridades en 1726, e incluso antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si crees que puede llevar a confusión, además de &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; también puedes usar &lt;em&gt;acento ortográfico&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &lt;em&gt;signo diacrítico&lt;/em&gt; (aunque este último englobaría a otras marcas como la diéresis, el circunflejo, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T17:08:35.837" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:08:35.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21846" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21847" CreationDate="2017-08-18T16:07:51.620" Score="4" ViewCount="7767" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces, para indicar que les está entrando sueño, oigo a la gente decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buf! Me está entrando una &lt;em&gt;morriña&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creía que la palabra que se usaba para eso era &quot;modorra&quot;. Es decir que sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Buf! Me está entrando una &lt;em&gt;modorra&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-06-21T22:43:00.490" LastActivityDate="2020-07-30T06:58:16.473" Title="¿Cómo se dice: &quot;morriña&quot; o &quot;modorra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21846" CreationDate="2017-08-18T16:07:51.620" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es &lt;strong&gt;modorra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que hay gente que utiliza &lt;em&gt;morriña&lt;/em&gt; en ese sentido, pero según la RAE la palabra adecuada es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=PV9CZFy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;modorro, rra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Somnolencia&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sopor&lt;/strong&gt; profundo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Sueño&lt;/strong&gt; muy pesado y, a veces, patológico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mientras que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=morri%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;morriña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gallegoportugués &lt;em&gt;morrinha&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Tristeza o melancolía, especialmente la nostalgia de la tierra natal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entonces, la frase &lt;em&gt;&quot;me está entrando morriña&quot;&lt;/em&gt; lo que dice es que te estás empezando a sentir triste o nostálgico.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra la hemos cogido del gallego porque era la que usaban, para decir que echaban de menos su tierra, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_gallega_en_Argentina&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;decenas de miles de emigrantes gallegos&lt;/a&gt; que tuvieron que dejar Galicia a finales del s. XIX y principios del s. XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, salvo que te pongas triste cuando te da sueño (lo cual suele pasar cuando hay vino de por medio)... &lt;strong&gt;lo correcto es usar &lt;em&gt;modorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;morriña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:07:51.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20664" CreationDate="2017-08-18T17:57:44.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Oficina de Publicaciones de la Unión Europea tiene publicado material de referencia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://publications.europa.eu/code/es/es-120700.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los nombres de cada elemento&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://publications.europa.eu/code/es/es-250600.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo numerarlos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según dicha página, la estructura general, creo, es como sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partes&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Títulos&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capítulos&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secciones&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Artículos&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apartados&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedaría algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/w5CgDfx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/w5CgDfx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Estructura de una parte&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el texto es para modificar un artículo existente, la división es ésta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Artículos&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puntos&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(opcional: Artículos)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apartados&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letras&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incisos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guiones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagen explicativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WOw6W.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WOw6W.png&quot; alt=&quot;Estructura de un artículo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que esto no responde completamente a tu pregunta, pero es un comienzo. Y así no se queda sin respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:57:44.760" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21755" CreationDate="2017-08-18T17:59:32.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not at all = No, en absoluto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as it happens with negative expressions, the &quot;No&quot; is omitted when the expression is alone or placed before the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes dudas? &lt;strong&gt;Ninguna&lt;/strong&gt;. / &lt;strong&gt;No, ninguna&lt;/strong&gt;. / &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; tengo &lt;strong&gt;ninguna&lt;/strong&gt; duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes dudas? &lt;strong&gt;En absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;. / &lt;strong&gt;No, en absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;. / &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; tengo dudas &lt;strong&gt;en absoluto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17438" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T17:59:32.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21854" CreationDate="2017-08-18T18:22:03.883" Score="8" ViewCount="6930" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un hecho de conocimiento general que el acento de Inglaterra se considera muy fino por los angloparlantes de otros países. Me he dado cuenta de unas correlaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el idioma inglés se llama por los ingleses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con ellos se originó el idioma y por ellos se difundió a través del mundo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;durante los años del imperialismo ellos establecieron los estándares léxicos y de pronunciación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por mucho tiempo los habitantes de las colonias británicas y los ingleses hablaban con el mismo acento porque constaban de la misma gente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas estas observaciones también se aplican con respecto a los españoles en América Latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso me pregunto, ¿hay una adoración general del acento castellano por hispanohablantes como hay una adoración del acento inglés por los angloparlantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T00:57:46.760" LastActivityDate="2021-01-18T21:52:38.633" Title="¿Hay una adoración general del acento castellano por hispanohablantes como hay una adoración del acento inglés por los angloparlantes?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;cultura-de-masas&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21851" CreationDate="2017-08-18T18:55:55.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo general, los españoles no aguantan los acentos latinos, y los latinos no aguantan el acento castellano. Es un rechazo mutuo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: entra en cualquier video/película de cualquier sitio de internet que ofrezca o doblaje castellano o latino, y lee los comentarios. Sugiero cualquier video de Los Simpson, de openings de series, de traileres de películas, o de canciones de Disney. El que sea, da igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17438" LastEditorUserId="17438" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T20:34:41.687" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T20:34:41.687" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21851" CreationDate="2017-08-18T21:37:09.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A modo de apreciación personal, como chileno, te puedo decir que &lt;strong&gt;no nos gusta&lt;/strong&gt; el acento español. Nos parece &quot;duro&quot; y cansador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo (y esto es lo importante), es un acento &lt;strong&gt;muy prestigioso&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo: el locutor del principal noticiero de la cadena de televisión estatal chilena, Amaro Gómez-Pablos, es Español. Ha vivido varias décadas en Chile y no ha relajado un milímetro las zetas, que son, es sabido, la causa de su credibilidad imbatible. A cualquiera que le preguntes te dirá que odia el acento de Amaro, pero ahí está, leyendo las noticias todas las noches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es contradictorio, cierto. Pero creo que esto tiene más que ver con la curiosa psicología social de Chile que con una tendencia americana general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si eres español y quieres conquistar chicas, ganar elecciones o estafar, empaca tu acento y vente a Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T22:15:12.350" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T22:15:12.350" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21851" CreationDate="2017-08-18T21:59:07.123" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta corta es &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, pero me va a ser difícil fundamentarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo encontrar ningún estudio formal de cómo es percibido el castellano peninsular en Hispanoamérica, pero, como ya se ha dicho en comentarios, en general se lo percibe como muy diferente. En realidad &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; muy diferente, incluso comparado con las grandes diferencias que existen entre los dialectos americanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A nivel fonético, no existe ningún dialecto americano del español que oponga /s/ y /θ/ (el sonido de la &lt;em&gt;zeta&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt; ante &lt;em&gt;e/i&lt;/em&gt; en el registro estándar de España). Tampoco es tan común (aunque sí existe) la pronunciación apical de /s/ que es habitual en España. Estos dos sonidos son bastante frecuentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A nivel gramatical, ningún dialecto americano utiliza el pronombre &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; ni sus posesivos ni las formas de segunda persona del plural que lo acompañan, como es regla en España; esto también marca mucho al hablante europeo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas diferencias podrían resultar estéticamente neutras o positivas, pero en mi experiencia se ven generalmente como negativas. Paradójicamente, la valoración estética a veces es opuesta a la moral: muchos hispanoamericanos odian cómo suena el español europeo pero a la vez afirman que en su país &quot;se habla mal&quot; o &quot;se trata al idioma a las patadas&quot; o &quot;el español latinoamericano es más pobre que el europeo&quot;. En una discusión online hace un par de años &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2015/10/151019_hay_festival_debate_que_pais_habla_mejor_espanol_yv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la BBC recopiló opiniones&lt;/a&gt; sobre esto. Parece ser que los chilenos son los menos felices con su dialecto (una persona dice que esto es así porque Chile es &quot;el último país al que llegaron los españoles&quot;, como si estar apartado de España implicase menor sofisticación en el idioma) mientras los paraguayos están felices de la cantidad de palabras indígenas que han incorporado a su dialecto (la mayor parte de los paraguayos son bilingües en español y guaraní, y bastante adeptos al &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code-switching&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;code switching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, según mi limitada experiencia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T21:59:07.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21855" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-19T13:52:00.733" Score="7" ViewCount="13164" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te levantaste a las 6 y pico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esto quiere decir que la persona se levantó a las 6 y poco? ¿O también funcionaría si se levantó a las 6:40, por decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T13:54:11.163" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T16:35:38.687" Title="Significado de [hora] *y pico*" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21855" CreationDate="2017-08-19T14:06:33.270" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Originariamente, el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sí que representaba una cantidad pequeña, tal y como atestigua la acepción 9 de &quot;pico&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Parte pequeña en que una cantidad excede a un número redondo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esta acepción evolucionó con el tiempo a la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pico de una cantidad cuando se ignora cuál es o no se quiere expresar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo que pone para la acepción 9 es &quot;1000 euros y 3 de pico&quot;. Sin embargo, de forma general usando la acepción 10 se puede decir &quot;1000 euros y pico&quot;, y eso puede ser cualquier cantidad. Podrían ser 1245 euros, por poner, aunque esto se podría decir también que son &quot;1200 euros y pico&quot; (o también &quot;1200 y pico euros&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el pico se acerca más al siguiente número redondo, aquí en España se puede decir que el pico es largo (no sé si esta expresión tendrá diferencias regionales). Así, en el caso de tu ejemplo se podría decir que &quot;se levantó a las seis y pico largas&quot;, dado que la hora en punto más cercana es las siete en vez de las seis. Nótese que decimos &quot;largas&quot; porque el adjetivo afecta a la hora (&quot;las seis&quot;) y no al pico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T14:20:11.793" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T14:20:11.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21859" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-19T17:12:54.243" Score="4" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18859/9385&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt; apareció la frase &lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt; que significa &lt;em&gt;lo mejor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa reunión estaba la &lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt; de la sociedad: reyes, ministros, jueces...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera comparar esta frase con &lt;em&gt;mamey&lt;/em&gt;, que aprendí en México para describir la variedad más exótica y rica de una fruta, por ejemplo, en un restaurante el mesero se jacta del plato de fruta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos papaya mamey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La papaya mamey es por dentro un color casi rosado, no amarillo como la papaya común y corriente.  También hay un mango mamey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imágenes: primero la papaya mamey y luego la papaya normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5MAyw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5MAyw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;papaya mamey&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/js9D0.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/js9D0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;papay normal (común y corriente)&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que he oído &lt;em&gt;mamey&lt;/em&gt; extendido a otras cosas, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero mira, mi amor, te lo hice especial, esto no es una sopa de pollo cualquiera, es caldo mamey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, estoy dudando de mi memoria en eso, y también quiero preguntar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;- ¿Se entiende &lt;em&gt;mamey&lt;/em&gt; en otros países si se usa para ciertas frutas, o en un contexto más general?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;- Comparemos el uso de &lt;em&gt;flor y nata&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mamey&lt;/em&gt; -- ¿en cuáles contextos se puede usar cada una de estas expresiones, y en cuáles no se puede usar?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Hay una fruta &lt;em&gt;mamey&lt;/em&gt; pero creo que no tiene nada que ver.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase esta definición del DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X 1.  adj. Cu. Referido a cosa, de excelente calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que &amp;quot;Cu&amp;quot; se refiere a Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T19:39:30.537" Title="Comparación de &quot;flor y nata&quot; y &quot;mamey&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-19T18:04:55.243" Score="8" ViewCount="2975" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de cuál de los dos es correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso fue una de las razones por la que te ayudé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso fue una de las razones por las que te ayudé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio, creí que la forma correcta era &quot;por la que&quot;, ya que sólo hablamos de &quot;UNA&quot; de las razones. Pero, cuando pongo &quot;That was one of the reasons why I helped you&quot; en Google Translate o Bing Translator, ambos me dan &quot;Eso fue una de las razones por LAS que&quot; te ayudé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, después de haberlo reconsiderado, me parece que &quot;por LAS que&quot; es la forma correcta. De cualquier manera, me gustaría confirmarlo aquí y también buscar una explicación para conseguir un mejor entendimiento de la gramática española. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17452" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T20:47:30.597" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:47:30.597" Title="¿Es correcto &quot;Eso fue una de las razones por (la/las) que te ayudé&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21860" CreationDate="2017-08-19T18:58:37.967" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se debe ser consistente con el plural o el singular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usas el singular: &quot;Es LA razón por LA que te ayudé&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Solo te estoy ayudando por una única razón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me ayudaste por que soy tu cuñado?. Si, esa es &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; razón por &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; que te ayudé, (y nada más).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usas el plural: &quot;Es una de LAS razones por LAS que te ayudé&quot;. En este caso &lt;em&gt;hubo varias razones que me llevaron a ayudarte&lt;/em&gt; y nos estamos refiriendo a una de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me ayudaste por que soy tu cuñado?. Si, esa es una de &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; razones por &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; que te ayudé, y la otra es porque soy tu amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T16:38:28.590" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T16:38:28.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4780" CreationDate="2017-08-19T23:42:44.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo interpreté como arriesgarse a amar a alguien, decidirse a amarlo y &quot;vivirlo&quot;, vivir el amor y la historia que pueden construir juntos sin importar el tiempo, ni los juicios de otros, ni las apariencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17454" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-19T03:18:39.357" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T03:18:39.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21859" CreationDate="2017-08-20T04:05:51.287" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la entrada del DRAE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O6DAO0a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mamey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Cuba&lt;/strong&gt;. Cosa de excelente calidad. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, con mi español de España, no habría entendido &amp;quot;mamey&amp;quot;. LA entrada del diccionario panhispánico no aporta demasiado nuevo. La del diccionario de americanismos es igual a la del DRAE (que es la que aportas en la pregunta y, sí, como hemos visto en la del DRAE ese &amp;quot;Cu&amp;quot; es Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X.    1.  adj. Cu. Referido a cosa, de excelente calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, según el diccionario de americanismos en México &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=mamey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mamey&lt;/a&gt; puede ser usado como un vulgarismo que tiene ciertas connotaciones sexuales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;II. 1.  m. Mx, Gu, Ho, Pe. Felación. vulg; pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IV.   1.  m. Mx. Vulva. vulg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que esa entrada del diccionario de americanismos es la que más información te va a dar sobre los significados &amp;quot;regionales&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;mamey&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6Rb5ZS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flor y nata&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. flor (‖ parte más &lt;strong&gt;escogida&lt;/strong&gt;). La flor y nata de la sociedad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &amp;quot;mamey&amp;quot; más que &amp;quot;selecto, algo escogido porque destaca entre muchos otros, lo mejor de lo mejor&amp;quot; (que es el significado de &amp;quot;flor y nata&amp;quot;) significa &amp;quot;muy bueno, extraordinario, excepcional&amp;quot;. Desde luego en ciertos contextos uno puede implicar lo otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que en España usaríamos las expresiones &amp;quot;pata negra&amp;quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (por el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MKcPlIi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jamón de pata negra&lt;/a&gt;) o &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12607/5481&quot;&gt;cinco estrellas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; antes que &amp;quot;mamey&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pata Negra es un término comúnmente utilizado para referirse a los productos de &lt;strong&gt;alta calidad&lt;/strong&gt; derivados del cerdo ibérico. Literalmente hace referencia al color de la piel de la mayoría de estos cerdos y al de sus pezuñas; sin embargo no siempre su color es negro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM%7CS72dH32#DE7aXEP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pata negra&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; no se limita únicamente a los alimentos, se usa para decir que algo es de excelente calidad o auténtico y vale para cualquier cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T19:39:30.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21860" CreationDate="2017-08-20T14:53:52.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es la plural &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Piénsalo así: si alguien ayudó a alguien y ahora está hablando de &lt;em&gt;una de las razones&lt;/em&gt; de haberlo ayudado, esto significa que hubo más de una razón. La proposición independiente sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te ayudé por (varias / ciertas  / muchas) razones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase compuesta debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ésa fue una de las razones por las que te ayudé.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta frase, &lt;em&gt;por las que te ayudé&lt;/em&gt; es una proposición subordinada. Por definición las subordinadas modifican algún otro componente de la oración. La oración completa tiene dos constituyentes unidas por una cópula, y la segunda constituyente tiene a su vez varias &quot;anidadas&quot; dentro: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Ésa] fue [una [de las razones [por las que te ayudé]]].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está claro que el complemento indirecto (instrumental) en &lt;em&gt;por las que te ayudé&lt;/em&gt; debe ser el plural &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;, ya que refiere a &lt;em&gt;las razones&lt;/em&gt;. La forma en que se ordena esta clase de proposición, en español, no permite otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes comprobar que la subordinada modifica a &lt;em&gt;razones&lt;/em&gt; simplemente quitándola o reemplazándola por otra cosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Ésa] fue [una [de las razones [que tuve para ayudarte]]].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Ésa] fue [una [de las razones [de mi ayuda]]].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Ésa] fue [una [de las razones [principales]]].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Ésa] fue [una [de las razones]].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T14:53:52.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-20T16:22:00.123" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to ask someone how someone's maths exam results went, how would I say it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How accurate is: &lt;code&gt;¿Cómo fueron sus resultados de matemáticas?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17460" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T02:41:55.310" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T02:41:55.310" Title="How do I ask about a (math) test results in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21866" CreationDate="2017-08-20T17:02:08.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two possibilities here. If you're adressing a teacher, boss, etc. (which is a case I don't think probable here), your suggestion would be pretty accurate (even though I would say &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo fue el resultado de su examen [de matemáticas]?&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you're adressing a friend or a colleague, which is the most common case, you can say &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal el examen de matemáticas?&lt;/em&gt; (in which &lt;em&gt;resultados&lt;/em&gt; is implied), or &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo te fue en el examen de matemáticas?&lt;/em&gt;, or (if you want to be more direct) &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal la/cuál fue tu nota en el examen de matemáticas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hope this helps, and please don't hesitate if you need further clarifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17339" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T17:02:08.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="433" CreationDate="2017-08-20T20:47:38.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;K in the Spanish language is always derived from outside languages, for the same reason Japanese has katakana (a separate alphabet) for words coming from other languages with a Roman alphabet. Obviously modern words for things that haven't existed for more than twenty years with globalization usually don't get their own unique word for each language, so if an earth-shaking invention is made in any country with the letter k in it, unless the company translates the name specifically for each country the k will likely remain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17461" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T20:47:38.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21874" CreationDate="2017-08-21T02:34:09.937" Score="6" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is a follow-up of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20553/is-there-any-case-in-which-the-subjunctive-mood-can-be-used-in-simple-sentences&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with the following sentence, we have &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; conjugated in the subjunctive, imperfect past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quisiera algo de agua, por favor. | I would like some water, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a repeatable pattern, or something that is exclusive to &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;? Could I also say the following (using past imperfect subjunctive):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabara mis clases en junio. | I would finish my classes in June.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comiera la comida china. | I would eat Chinese food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viviera en Chicago. | I would live in Chicago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could I say the following (using simple future subjunctive):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acabare mis clases el próximo junio. | I'll probably finish my classes in&#xA;  June.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comiere la comida china más tarde. | I'll probably eat Chinese food later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viviere en Chicago el próximo año. | I'll probably live in Chicago next year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the above constructions are valid Spanish, would I sound like a weirdo talking this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T07:36:55.960" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T09:40:26.990" Title="When is it OK to use a subjunctive form instead of the conditional?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20553" CreationDate="2017-08-21T04:29:38.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez / Quizás / Acaso can usually be used with either the subjuntive or the indicative to indicate the speaker's mood / belief about likelihood while involving no other verbs. The subjunctive usually represents a lower probability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tal vez él lo quiere. / Tal vez él lo quiera. - Perhaps he wants it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading into the nuance might tease out something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez él lo quiere. - He could very well want it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez él lo quiera. - It could be possible he wants it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T04:29:38.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21870" CreationDate="2017-08-21T04:51:18.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere that this use of the imperfect subjunctive was special to the three verbs: querer/poder/deber. It basically acts as an enhancer to emphasize that there is/was a lot of desire in the case of querer and could've/should've scenarios for the other two. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native speaker, but the other examples don't sound good to me. The future subjunctive requires another verb in the examples I can think of that I'm confident in and even if you found one, yes it would usually sound weird if you used it (kind of like old English &quot;thou shalt&quot;). Several times native speaker professors have initially marked me wrong when I've used it assuming I had misspelled another conjugation until I pointed out it was the future subjuntive. They then say it's not used anymore so I have to have examples ready (sea lo que fuere, a donde fueres haz lo que vieres, legal references, the constitution of Spain, etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps a past tense tal vez / quizás / acaso use of the subjunctive could fit what you're looking for as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tal vez él lo comiera. It's possible he ate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T04:51:18.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21843" CreationDate="2017-08-21T07:15:40.693" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me temo que en español ese término es intraducible. Solemos sentirnos apegados/cómodos a la &lt;strong&gt;comida que nos hacía nuestra madre de pequeños&lt;/strong&gt; o a alguna &quot;&lt;strong&gt;guarrada&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (fast food, comida muy grasienta sin valor nutritivo), que asociamos con momentos festivos o familiares, pero creo que no tenemos una palabra para describir esa sensación de &quot;&lt;em&gt;comida con la que me siento cómodo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá sea porque a la hora de sentarnos a la mesa somos un poco aventureros y disfrutamos de la buena comida, sea algo que probamos por primera vez o todo un clásico en nuestra memoria culinaria... Así como en otros países carecen de un término para &quot;&lt;strong&gt;merendar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sobremesa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, formas y fases de la comida que en nuestro país tienen mucha importancia :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2800" LastEditorUserId="2800" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T08:59:36.700" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T08:59:36.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21870" CreationDate="2017-08-21T10:28:23.553" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The construction you're referring to is a &lt;em&gt;courtesy formula&lt;/em&gt;. It is a variant of what is called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SnQoPyzgSDbgkNSX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CONDICIONAL DE MODESTIA O DE CORTESÍA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in RAE's &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15ñ&lt;/strong&gt; El llamado CONDICIONAL DE MODESTIA O DE CORTESÍA es paralelo al imperfecto de ese mismo tipo. De hecho, ambos alternan en esas construcciones -y, a veces, también con el presente-, como en &lt;em&gt;{Desearía ~ Deseaba ~ Deseo} hablar con el doctor&lt;/em&gt;. Como en el caso del imperfecto de cortesía (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=buhVKmRdJLAsHtjt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§23.11e&lt;/a&gt;* y &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGfrwiSBFDRaJZhl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siguientes&lt;/a&gt;), el uso del presente puede resultar demasiado rudo, por lo que se tiende a evitar en fórmulas como &lt;em&gt;No sabría decírtelo con seguridad&lt;/em&gt; (Vargas Llosa, &lt;em&gt;Hablador&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*Corrected original reference (§25.11e has nothing to do with this topic).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The variant you're using is a substitution of the simple conditional with the subjunctive tense, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SeKXgCptKhqrIBQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explained here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15u&lt;/strong&gt; (...) la alternancia entre [imperfecto de subjuntivo] y [condicional] se da en el español general, en cambio, con los auxiliares &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; en las perífrasis verbales: &lt;em&gt;{Deberías ~ Debieras} prestar más atención&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;{Podría ~ Pudiera} interpretarse mal&lt;/em&gt;, con la excepción, ya analizada, de las prótasis condicionales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con el adverbio &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; y los verbos querer, valer y otros similares se forman expresiones en las que también alternan [condicional] y [imperfecto de subjuntivo], como en &lt;em&gt;¡Qué más {querría ~ quisiera} yo!&lt;/em&gt; o en &lt;em&gt;Más te {valdría ~ valiera} hacer eso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to your question(s):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this a repeatable pattern, or something that is exclusive to querer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, &lt;strong&gt;in most variants of Spanish&lt;/strong&gt; (there's no such thing as &quot;standard&quot; Spanish, IMO), &lt;strong&gt;it would only be valid with certain verbs&lt;/strong&gt;, like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and in certain cases &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;convenir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and others of similar meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are regional dialects of Spanish which do indeed replace the conditional with the past subjunctive in other cases. You can read about them in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=buhVKmRdJLAsHtjt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§23.15d&lt;/a&gt;, but those uses are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; recommended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Could I also say the following (using past imperfect subjunctive)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Could I say the following (using simple future subjunctive)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, not really. Those uses do not fall within even the dialectal varieties mentioned above, and would probably be wrong in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Would I sound like a weirdo talking this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely :D To many people, even the valid uses of the subjunctive, the imperative or the pluscuamperfect sound pompous and weird, so you might want to stay within the more common tenses, at least when talking with people you don't know well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T09:40:26.990" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T09:40:26.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21860" CreationDate="2017-08-21T17:08:48.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Justo antes de poner este mensaje, logré probarme a mi mismo que &quot;las&quot; era el pronombre correcto. Hice esto traduciéndolo a inglés (mi lengua materna), después de lo cual repetí el mismo proceso en español. A mi juicio, lo siguiente no debería dejar ningún lugar a dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English first:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That was one of the reasons why I helped you.  --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There were several reasons why I helped you. That was one of THEM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;THEM = The reasonS why I helped you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso fue una de las razones por la/las que te ayudé. --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había varias razones por &lt;strong&gt;LAS&lt;/strong&gt; que te ayudé. Eso fue &lt;em&gt;una de ellas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso fue una de....(una de qué????)....(una de)..... &lt;strong&gt;LAS&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;varias&lt;/em&gt;) razones por &lt;strong&gt;LAS&lt;/strong&gt; que te ayudé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había varias razones por (la/las) que te ayudé, una de &lt;strong&gt;las cuales&lt;/strong&gt; es que eres mi amigo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que debemos usar una de LAS cuales y no una de LA cual....Eso no tendría ningún sentido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un ejemplo más:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mike es uno de los chicos con quien/quienes he luchado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varios chicos &lt;strong&gt;CON QUIENES&lt;/strong&gt; he luchado. Mike es uno de &lt;strong&gt;ELLOS&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mike es uno de los chicos con &lt;strong&gt;QUIENES&lt;/strong&gt; he luchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17452" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T13:52:17.247" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T13:52:17.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21877" CreationDate="2017-08-21T20:42:02.420" Score="1" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a language lesson and I'd like to include an example sentence for 'acabar de', in the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came up with the following sentence, but my native Spanish speaking friend says it's incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era rudo &lt;strong&gt;acabar de llegar&lt;/strong&gt;, siendo que el evento comenzó hace una hora.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;It was rude to have just arrived, being that the event started an hour ago.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend had to leave before she could explain why the sentence is incorrect, so now I turn to this community. What is wrong with the sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T06:12:20.700" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T06:12:20.700" Title="What is wrong with this particular usage of 'acabar de [+ infinitive]'?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21876" CreationDate="2017-08-22T00:05:34.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example is not ungrammatical but semantically dubious. If we change &quot;rudo&quot; to &quot;descortés&quot; or &quot;de mala educación&quot; as I suggested in my comment on your question and &quot;comenzó&quot; to &quot;había comenzado&quot; (perhaps even in English &quot;being that the event &lt;strong&gt;had started an hour before&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be more appropriate), the result would be somewhat better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era de mala educación acabar de llegar, siendo que el evento había comenzado hacía una hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that the sentence above is unlikely to occur in Spanish, because -- as I also said in my comment above -- the verb phrase &quot;acabar de llegar&quot; is generally neutral, and your sentence seems to attribute a negative meaning to it, as if it meant: &quot;llegar tan tarde&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to use the infinitive &quot;acabar&quot; rather than a tensed form of that verb, a more reasonable example could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era raro acabar de llegar y ya sentirse como en casa. (It was odd to have arrived so recently and already feel at home.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &quot;arriving recently&quot; does not have the negative connotation of &quot;arriving late&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T00:13:43.257" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T00:13:43.257" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-22T01:09:14.187" Score="3" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;yo acababa de cenar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had just finished eating dinner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was just finishing eating dinner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T02:19:41.037" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T06:16:19.570" Title="How is the imperfect of 'acabar de [+ infinitive] translated to English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21878" CreationDate="2017-08-22T06:16:19.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo acababa de cenar&lt;/em&gt; refers to the moment right after finishing your dinner. In English, the form used for that is the past perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had just finished my dinner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's try with a complete sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo acababa de cenar cuando llamaron a la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you convey the same meaning this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had just finished my dinner when the door bell rang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T06:16:19.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-22T06:40:14.753" Score="13" ViewCount="4570" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ask specifically for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salseros y Salseras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(male and female Salsa dancers, respectively)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great to be able to address a mixed group of people with a single unifying word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11410" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T08:29:59.103" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:46:11.973" Title="Is there a gender neutral plural form for &quot;salsa dancer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21880" CreationDate="2017-08-22T07:03:36.147" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is not a great language when it comes to gender-neutral forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;salseros&quot; is the &lt;em&gt;grammatically&lt;/em&gt; gender-neutral plural form for both &quot;salsero&quot; and &quot;salsera&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. However, being that it ends in -o, it is more identified with the male form and thus it is not seen as &lt;em&gt;socially&lt;/em&gt; gender-neutral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to use a different word for whatever reason, you could use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bailarines de salsa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead, which literally means &quot;salsa dancers&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=bailar%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bailarín, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que baila. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. y f. Persona que ejercita o profesa el arte de bailar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Bailarines&quot; can work better than &quot;salseros&quot; because it ends with an -e (seen by some as more neutral than the -o in &quot;salseros&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This only works in plural, though, since the singular forms would still be male &quot;bailarín&quot; and female &quot;bailarina&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as mentioned by Gustavson, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=salsero&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;salsero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; has at least four additional meanings not related to salsa music, so maybe &lt;em&gt;bailarines&lt;/em&gt; can be more clear too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T15:32:00.613" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:32:00.613" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1960" CreationDate="2017-08-22T10:14:34.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Wandy puts it, simple, plain,and easy:&#xA;                                          &lt;em&gt;Rezar&lt;/em&gt; is to repeat a prayer that was written by somebody else....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rezar is described in the Bible in Mateo 6:6-8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Orar&lt;/em&gt; is a personal, intimate conversation between God and you, or God and a group of people, that is born out of an intimate relationship, not out of religiosity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Christianity is not a religion, Christianity is a Relationship between God and His children.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17469" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T13:39:20.253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T13:39:20.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21880" CreationDate="2017-08-22T10:35:21.860" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish does have a gender-neutral form for that, &quot;salseros&quot;. Saying &quot;salseros y salseras&quot; should be avoided. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/los-ciudadanos-y-las-ciudadanas-los-ninos-y-las-ninas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mención explícita del femenino solo se justifica cuando la oposición de sexos es relevante en el contexto: El desarrollo evolutivo es similar en los niños y las niñas de esa edad. La actual tendencia al desdoblamiento indiscriminado del sustantivo en su forma masculina y femenina va contra el principio de economía del lenguaje y se funda en razones extralingüísticas. Por tanto, deben evitarse estas repeticiones, que generan dificultades sintácticas y de concordancia, y complican innecesariamente la redacción y lectura de los textos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is unfortunate that there is no distinction between the male plural form and the gender-neutral plural form, but that is just the way Spanish is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17470" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T15:46:11.973" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:46:11.973" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21886" CreationDate="2017-08-22T13:10:20.090" Score="6" ViewCount="2124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en el habla uno oye expresiones del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QuqbArn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oenegés&lt;/a&gt; han estado ayudando a resolver el tema...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si prescindimos del neologismo &lt;em&gt;oenegé&lt;/em&gt; y usamos sus siglas originales, entra la duda: ¿cómo marcamos su plural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las &lt;strong&gt;ONG&lt;/strong&gt; han estado ayudando...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las &lt;strong&gt;ONGs&lt;/strong&gt; han estado ayudando...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T12:29:47.817" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T12:29:47.817" Title="¿Cómo se escribe el plural de las siglas? ¿Es correcto escribir &quot;ONGs&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21885" CreationDate="2017-08-22T13:10:20.090" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;las ONG&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y no ⓧ &lt;em&gt;ONGs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sigla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. Plural. Aunque en la lengua oral tienden a tomar marca de plural ([oenejés] = ‘organizaciones no gubernamentales’), son invariables en la escritura: &lt;em&gt;las ONG&lt;/em&gt;; por ello, &lt;strong&gt;cuando se quiere aludir a varios referentes es recomendable introducir la sigla con determinantes que indiquen pluralidad&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Representantes de algunas/varias/numerosas ONG se reunieron en Madrid&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Debe evitarse el uso, copiado del inglés, de realizar el plural de las siglas añadiendo al final una s minúscula, precedida o no de apóstrofo&lt;/strong&gt;: ⓧ CD’s, ⓧ ONGs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentario personal: se parece al caso del francés con los plurales, que se escriben distinto pero se pronuncian igual y es el determinante el que indica el número.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T13:10:20.090" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21880" CreationDate="2017-08-22T15:05:43.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In informal written Spanish, it has become common to use &lt;em&gt;-@s&lt;/em&gt; as an ending meaning &quot;&lt;em&gt;-os&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-as&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. So &lt;em&gt;salser@s&lt;/em&gt; would be understood to be an intentionally gender-inclusive plural of &lt;em&gt;salsero/-a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronouncing that is another matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:05:43.620" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21889" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-22T17:13:38.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español, y otra en vasco. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitar su uso en preguntas que solamente necesiten una &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; para indicar el idioma de esa edición del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:42:41.600" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:42:41.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21890" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-22T17:13:38.810" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y vasco. // Espainiar eta euskal hizkuntzaren arteko harremanari buruzko galderak." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:42:41.600" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:42:41.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20725" CreationDate="2017-08-22T20:20:15.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que hace poco respondí &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21870/in-spanish-what-are-some-valid-cases-of-using-subjunctive-conjugation-without&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que también tocaba este tema, aprovecho el material recopilado para responder esta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien apuntáis en los comentarios, el uso del subjuntivo en el ejemplo dado es, a todas luces, una sustitución del condicional.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sobre la alternancia entre las construcciones &lt;em&gt;HABRÍA ...&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;HUBIERA ...&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; dice (la negrita es mía):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGUoHswJNjZJXYJy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2q&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; El PRETÉRITO PLUSCUAMPERFECTO DE SUBJUNTIVO (HUBIERA o HUBIESE CANTADO) neutraliza dos tiempos del indicativo, como se explicó en el § 24.1a: el pretérito pluscuamperfecto &lt;strong&gt;y el condicional compuesto&lt;/strong&gt;. (...) Los usos de HUBIERA o HUBIESE CANTADO se dividen en dos grupos. En el primero, esta forma no alterna con HABRÍA CANTADO, sino que aparece inducida por algún elemento gramatical (...) &lt;strong&gt;En el segundo se produce una alternancia libre&lt;/strong&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;Me {habría ~ hubiera} gustado trabajar con él&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los puntos siguientes explica los distintos casos y da multitud de ejemplos de la alternancia, cuándo aplica y cuándo no. Recomiendo la lectura de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGUoHswJNjZJXYJy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMQNmaWBXkVJZlPv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2t&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMQNmaWBXkVJZlPv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2u&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; por mi parte me limitaré a decir que el uso que planteas es válido y aceptado tanto en el español americano como en el europeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por completar, en &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=puUokAgJIzqpPDLC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se dan un par de ejemplos que cuadran exactamente con los expuestos en la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.2x&lt;/strong&gt; En el § 23.15o se explica que el contenido que aportan las prótasis condicionales queda tácito en un gran número de contextos. El marco o el ámbito irreal que aportan esos segmentos no se expresa en tales casos, pero está presente en la conciencia lingüística de los hablantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No subí a la noria porque me hubiera mareado&lt;/em&gt; [se entiende '... de haber subido']); &lt;em&gt;Es mejor que no hayas visto la película. Te hubiera decepcionado&lt;/em&gt; [se entiende '... de haberla visto'].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: sí, la construcción es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:20:15.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21892" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español, y otra en francés. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitar su uso en preguntas que solamente necesiten una &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; para indicar el idioma de esa edición del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21893" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y francés. // Questions sur la relation entre l'espagnol et le français." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T20:45:22.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21902" CreationDate="2017-08-22T22:40:05.483" Score="5" ViewCount="16896" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de releer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15931/6915&quot;&gt;Why do they say 'un día domingo' in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt; y de investigar un poco, entendí que preceder la palabra &quot;día&quot; a &quot;lunes&quot;, &quot;martes&quot;, etc. es un arcaísmo frecuente en latinoamérica. Yo lo uso habitualmente, digo &lt;em&gt;la reunión será el día jueves&lt;/em&gt;. Según veo, no es habitual en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ser un sustantivo, el plural de un día termina en -s, lo cual normalmente se camufla, excepto en los últimos dos días de la semana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el lunes - los lunes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el miércoles - los miércoles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el sábado - los sábado&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el domingo - los domingo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se debería decir correctamente cuando se usa la palabra &quot;día&quot; en plural?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos reuniremos los días domingo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos reuniremos los días domingos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T09:34:42.147" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:50:02.537" Title="¿Cómo se dice: &quot;los días domingo&quot; o &quot;los días domingos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21834" CreationDate="2017-08-23T09:48:40.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;179 166&lt;/s&gt; 151 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya apenas puedo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4On8E7d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;auparme&lt;/a&gt; del sofá: viejo y blando, me traga; ¡cuesta salir de él! Ahora me ayuda Marcos: se aúpa él, luego a mí, acaba con un &quot;Tan amargo como eres, ¡cuánto hambre tendrá para comerte!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como me gusta este libro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T11:48:57.420" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T11:48:57.420" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-23T09:48:40.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21900" CreationDate="2017-08-23T14:06:14.580" Score="5" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;p&gt;While reading some materials, I found words like these: &quot;conocerte&quot; (= te conozco), &quot;mirarte&quot; (= te miro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't effectively find anything useful (in English) about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the exact name of this conjugation and is there corresponding rules for conjugations about &quot;me/te/lo/la/nos/los/las conozco&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excuse me for being new to Spanish. Please don't write the whole answer in Spanish or I'll have trouble understanding it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:42:21.877" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:42:21.877" Title="Conjugation rule for &quot;enclitic pronouns&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21898" CreationDate="2017-08-23T16:19:17.643" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A full answer would require the equivalent of a few Spanish course classes, so I'll just clear the basics up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you found are combinations between verbs and pronouns. These are not different conjugations. The pronouns are the shorter, unstressed, non-empathic forms that are technically known as &lt;em&gt;clitic&lt;/em&gt;. A pronoun is &lt;em&gt;enclitic&lt;/em&gt; if it's attached to the end of the verb, and &lt;em&gt;proclitic&lt;/em&gt; if it's attached before the verb. (Proclitic pronouns in Spanish are not written together with the verb, but they're attached to it nevertheless: they behave as if they were part of the same word.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of rules dictating when a clitic pronoun can and cannot precede or follow a verb. These can get fairly complicated but here are some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clitics never precede infinitives: it's &lt;em&gt;conocerte&lt;/em&gt;, never *&lt;em&gt;te conocer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clitics may precede or follow conjugated verbs (except in the imperative), but in modern Spanish they usually come before: &lt;em&gt;la miro&lt;/em&gt; is OK and &lt;em&gt;mírola&lt;/em&gt; is OK too, but nobody says &lt;em&gt;mírola&lt;/em&gt; nowadays.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clitics always follow verbs in the imperative: it's &lt;em&gt;mírame&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt;, never *&lt;em&gt;me mira&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;te ve&lt;/em&gt; (note: these sound exactly the same as other forms of the verb which are not imperatives).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clitics also follow the gerund forms: &lt;em&gt;mirándolos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;yéndome&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;conociéndonos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are two clitics (because the verb takes two objects), the first is always the indirect object: it's &lt;em&gt;te lo diré&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;decírtelo&lt;/em&gt;, never *&lt;em&gt;lo te diré&lt;/em&gt; or *&lt;em&gt;decírlote&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said, these are not different forms of the verb (conjugations), in the same way as &lt;em&gt;him&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;I see him&lt;/em&gt; is not part of the verb: you just need to learn the verbs by themselves and then learn how to properly place the pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T16:19:17.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21894" CreationDate="2017-08-23T20:52:58.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, no digo en latinoamérica, no se utiliza la expresión:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Nos reuniremos los días domingos&quot; ni tampoco &quot;Nos reuniremos los días domingo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que en latino-américa la expresión correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Nos reuniremos los días domingo&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España simplemente se dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Nos reuniremos los domingos&quot; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión indica directamente que nos vamos a reunir todos los días que sea domingo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las construcciones formadas por &lt;strong&gt;dos sustantivos que constituyen&#xA;  una unidad léxica&lt;/strong&gt;, en las que el segundo de ellos modifica al&#xA;  primero como si se tratara de un adjetivo, &lt;strong&gt;normalmente solo el&#xA;  primer sustantivo lleva marca de plural&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/palabras-clave-o-palabras-claves-copias-pirata-o-copias-piratas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T08:50:02.537" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:50:02.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21894" CreationDate="2017-08-24T07:46:43.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumen&lt;/strong&gt;: atendiendo al uso actual y a lo que dice el DPD, &lt;strong&gt;es correcto decir &amp;quot;días sábados&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;días domingos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Un poco de historia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En latín, los días sí que se indicaban anteponiendo la palabra &amp;quot;día&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Lunae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dies Lunae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Martis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dies Martis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ..., &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Sabbati#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dies Sabbati&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dies {&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Dominicus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dominicus&lt;/a&gt; ~ &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dies_Dominica#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dominica&lt;/a&gt;}&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En casi todos los casos, &lt;strong&gt;el nombre de cada día particular&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Martis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Sabbati&lt;/em&gt;...) &lt;strong&gt;se tomaba del genitivo&lt;/strong&gt; del nombre de aquello a lo que estaba dedicado, y &lt;strong&gt;se decía igual en singular que en plural&lt;/strong&gt;: por ejemplo, el genitivo de &lt;em&gt;Sabbatum&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Sabbath&amp;quot;) es &lt;em&gt;Sabbati&lt;/em&gt; que quiere decir &amp;quot;del Sabbath&amp;quot;, y tanto en singular (&amp;quot;día del Sabbath&amp;quot;) como en plural (&amp;quot;días del Sabbath&amp;quot;) se escribe igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única salvedad es la del propio domingo.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Resulta que &lt;em&gt;Dominicus&lt;/em&gt; no es un nombre, sino una expresión que ya de por sí quiere decir &amp;quot;del Señor&amp;quot;, y usar el genitivo sería redundante (como decir &amp;quot;día de del Señor&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Por este motivo, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dies Dominicus&lt;/em&gt; era el único de los días que sí cambiaba entre singular y plural&lt;/strong&gt;. Sin ir más lejos, el acusativo (el caso latino de donde toman su origen muchas palabras en español) sería &lt;em&gt;diem Dominicum&lt;/em&gt; en singular y &lt;em&gt;dies Dominicos&lt;/em&gt; en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo eso para el latín. Pero &lt;strong&gt;¿qué hizo el español con estos usos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;En español&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que al español los nombres de los días han llegado como &amp;quot;lunes&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;martes&amp;quot;, ..., &amp;quot;sábado&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;domingo&amp;quot; precisamente desde las expresiones latinas arriba indicadas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Se podría pensar que, al principio, lo normal habría sido que todos los días cuyo nombre venía del genitivo, se quedasen siempre en singular, i. e. &amp;quot;día(s) lunes&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;día(s) martes&amp;quot;, ..., &amp;quot;día(s) sábado&amp;quot;; siendo el domingo el único que, quizá, se podría encontrar tanto en singular como en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un par de consultas en el CORDE para encontrar los usos anteriores a 1700 podría confirmar esto: hay una coincidencia para &amp;quot;días domingos&amp;quot; en el s. XVI, y otra para &amp;quot;días domingo&amp;quot; en el s. XVII; aunque ninguna para &amp;quot;días sábado&amp;quot; ni &amp;quot;días sábados&amp;quot; (tampoco con &amp;quot;sabbado&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Uso actual&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hoy en día no es así. Lo cierto es que, a lo largo de los siglos de evolución del español, &lt;strong&gt;el uso del genitivo latino para singular y plural se perdió, y los nombres de los días pasaron a ser palabras normales y corrientes que formaban su plural igual que las demás&lt;/strong&gt;: añadiendo -s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;strong&gt;si consultamos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; los usos actuales&lt;/strong&gt; (entre 1800 y 2000), podremos ver que &lt;strong&gt;predomina con claridad el uso en plural &amp;quot;días domingos&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;días sábados&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (10 y 4 ocurrencias respectivamente) sobre el uso en singular &amp;quot;días domingo&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;días sábado&amp;quot; (2 y 1 ocurrencias solamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, atendiendo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i#24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo que dice el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.4. Unidades léxicas formadas por dos sustantivos&lt;/strong&gt;. En las construcciones nominales formadas por dos sustantivos, de los que el segundo actúa como modificador del primero, solo el primer sustantivo lleva marca de plural (...) Pero si el segundo sustantivo puede funcionar, con el mismo valor, como atributo del primero en oraciones copulativas, tiende a tomar también la marca de plural: &lt;em&gt;Estados miembros, países satélites, empresas líderes, palabras claves&lt;/em&gt; (pues puede decirse &lt;em&gt;Estos estados son miembros de la UE; Esos países fueron satélites de la Unión Soviética; Esas empresas son líderes en su sector; Estas palabras son claves para entender el asunto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decir &amp;quot;días sábados&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;días domingos&amp;quot; sería correcto&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que si bien es cierto que la expresión &amp;quot;días domingos&amp;quot; está compuesta de dos sustantivos, igualmente se podría decir &amp;quot;estos días fueron domingos&amp;quot;, con lo cual entraría en el segundo supuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;¿Pero acaso es correcto lo de anteponer &amp;quot;día&amp;quot;?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DPD lo recoge, y no dice que sea incorrecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=semana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;días de la semana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;3. En el español americano es bastante frecuente que aparezcan en aposición a la palabra &lt;em&gt;día&lt;/em&gt;, uso normal en el español medieval y clásico del que también quedan restos en algunas zonas de España: &lt;em&gt;«Aquella fue mi última conversación con ella, el día miércoles de la semana pasada»&lt;/em&gt; (Serrano Corazón [Chile 2001]); &lt;em&gt;«Esta romería se ha celebrado el día lunes de Pascua de Pentecostés»&lt;/em&gt; (DNavarra [Esp.] 20.5.99).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:00:33.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21826" CreationDate="2017-08-24T08:05:11.070" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de guantes se llaman: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guantes de combate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.multi-uniform.com/blog/seguridad/guantes-tacticos-por-que-son-necesarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guantes tácticos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guantes tácticos de combate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro en la RAE una definición de ellos pero para buscarlos en internet te debería salir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T11:29:09.863" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T11:29:09.863" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21885" CreationDate="2017-08-24T08:52:45.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre había pensado que para el caso de siglas en plural se duplicaban las letras iniciales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es el caso de BBDD (Bases de Datos) y RRHH (Recursos Humanos), por ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nunca he visto es que se dupliquen con tres letras o más (ONG) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17487" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:52:45.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3201" CreationDate="2017-08-24T09:29:14.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check the article &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishto-english.com/llevar-vs-traer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Llevar vs traer&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Traer&lt;/strong&gt; is used when you or someone else is bringing an object to the place where you are at the time you are speaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevar&lt;/strong&gt; is used when you or someone else is taking an object to a place other than where you currently are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me va a traer el libro - He's going to bring the book to me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tengo que llevar esos libros a la biblioteca - I have to take these books to the library&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; is away from the speaker's location while &amp;quot;traer&amp;quot; is toward the speaker's location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17488" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T09:41:44.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21908" CreationDate="2017-08-24T11:27:41.987" Score="4" ViewCount="37207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una duda me ha surgido en una conversación. Estamos hablando de que después del evento haremos las cuentas para dividir proporcionalmente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se dice &quot;echar cuentas&quot; o &quot;hechar cuentas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio &quot;hechar&quot; lleva &quot;h&quot; cuando es del verbo hacer y &quot;echar&quot; sin h es de &quot;dejar caer una cosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T13:14:33.410" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T18:11:29.393" Title="¿Se dice &quot;echar cuentas&quot; o &quot;hechar cuentas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21906" CreationDate="2017-08-24T11:42:35.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra ⓧ &lt;em&gt;hechar&lt;/em&gt; no existe, pero sí existe &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJtx4Yo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; con múltiples acepciones. Una de ellas es específica para esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. iactāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;19. tr. Hacer cálculos, cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T11:42:35.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21906" CreationDate="2017-08-24T11:43:17.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio &amp;quot;hechar&amp;quot; lleva &amp;quot;h&amp;quot; cuando es del verbo hacer y &amp;quot;echar&amp;quot; sin h es de &amp;quot;dejar caer una cosa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es del todo cierto. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJtx4Yo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Echar&lt;/a&gt; no lleva hache. No existe un verbo &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;hechar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; con hache, aunque esa terminación nos haga pensar que es un infinitivo válido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJtx4Yo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Echar&lt;/a&gt; tiene unas 50 entradas en el diccionario, con significados que van desde &amp;quot;darle impulso a algo para que llegue a otro lado&amp;quot; hasta otros coloquialismos como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;25&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Junto con algunos nombres, tiene la significación de los verbos que se forman de ellos o la de otros equivalentes. Echar maldiciones, maldecir; echar suertes, sortear; echar un cigarro, fumarlo; echar un sueño, dormir; echar la siesta, sestear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Dar principio a una acción. Echar a reír, a correr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y especialmente relevante en este caso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;19&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Hacer cálculos, cuentas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la confusión que tienes es no por &amp;quot;hechar/echar&amp;quot; si no por &amp;quot;hecho/echo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;echo&amp;quot; sería un conjugación de &amp;quot;echar&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;echo&lt;/strong&gt; de comer al perro por la noche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;hecho&amp;quot; lo es de &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira lo que he &lt;strong&gt;hecho&lt;/strong&gt; con el dinero de la herencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diríamos que yo &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;echo&lt;/strong&gt; cuentas&amp;quot; pero que &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;he hecho&lt;/strong&gt; unas cuentas&amp;quot;, porque aunque los dos verbos tengan el sentido de &amp;quot;realizar&amp;quot;, cuando usas &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; vas a tener que usar el verbo como participio, y con forma auxiliar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T11:43:17.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21919" CreationDate="2017-08-24T12:54:37.793" Score="4" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21878/how-is-the-imperfect-of-acabar-de-infinitive-translated-to-english&quot;&gt;How is the imperfect of &amp;#39;acabar de [+ infinitive] translated to English?&lt;/a&gt; there is discussion of the correct translation of &lt;em&gt;acababa de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive. To use the example given by @Gorpik in his/her answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo acababa de cenar cuando llamaron a la puerta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had just finished my dinner when the door bell rang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why is &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; in the imperfect? We have two actions here: dining and the door bell ringing. When the second one happens the first one had already finished so it seem strange that we use the tense which normally refers to continuing, habitual or incomplete actions in the past for the first action. Having said that is does sound quite natural so it must be what I have heard in my limited experience so I imagine I have misunderstood the distinction between the imperfect and the preterite (as I would call them in English). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:17:13.933" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:17:13.933" Title="Why is &quot;I had just&quot; + infinitive translated to &quot;acababa de&quot; + infinitive, and not &quot;acabé de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21923" CreationDate="2017-08-24T12:59:00.277" Score="5" ViewCount="22020" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21904/1674&quot;&gt;Una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a mi pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21885/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se escribe el plural de las siglas? &amp;#191;Es correcto escribir &amp;quot;ONGs&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siempre había pensado que para el caso de siglas en plural se duplicaban las letras iniciales. Es el caso de BBDD (Bases de Datos) y RRHH (Recursos Humanos), por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indagando un poco al respecto encontré una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/rr-hh-733/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explicación de Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se trata de la regla para formar las abreviaturas de los nombres formados por dos palabras en plural: se duplican las letras iniciales, se escriben en mayúscula y van seguidas por el punto abreviativo y un espacio tipográfico: RR. HH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me fijé en que esta duda se extiende a casos como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13546/1674&quot;&gt;EEUU vs EU: &amp;#191;Han cambiado las reglas de abreviaci&amp;#243;n en los medios period&amp;#237;sticos?&lt;/a&gt;, por lo que toma valor lo descrito por Fundéu en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/siglas-y-abreviaturas-claves-de-escritura/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;siglas y abreviaturas, claves de escritura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en las abreviaturas con más de un elemento, tras el punto abreviativo se deja un espacio (se escribe EE. UU. y no EE.UU.);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y luego el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; (DPD) en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;abreviaturas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En abreviaturas formadas por una sola letra, el plural se expresa duplicando esta: &lt;em&gt;ss.&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;siguientes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;EE. UU.&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo parece bastante ordenado, pero no observo un criterio oficial en cuanto a dos cosas que describe la primera referencia de Fundéu. Por tanto, me gustaría disponer de las referencias oficiales sobre lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se utiliza este recurso solamente en nombres formados por &lt;strong&gt;dos&lt;/strong&gt; palabras en plural?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se escribe cada bloque (¿tiene algún nombre?) en relación a los otros? El ejemplo del DPD muestra un espacio entre &lt;em&gt;EE.&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;UU.&lt;/em&gt;, pero al parecer es algo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/especulo/cajetin/cc_oo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cada periódico hace a su antojo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es válido decir &lt;em&gt;los EU&lt;/em&gt; para hablar de &lt;em&gt;los Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;? Es decir, ¿es obligatorio duplicar la letra?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T12:29:00.697" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T12:29:00.697" Title="¿Cuándo se duplican las letras iniciales en las abreviaturas? ¿Cómo se deben escribir?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19749" CreationDate="2017-08-24T15:05:58.927" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Anda!&lt;/em&gt; viene de la segunda acepción que has escrito. Al tratarse de una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interjecci%C3%B3n#Interjecciones_impropias&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;interjección impropia&lt;/a&gt; (es decir, que no se trata de una expresión pura, sino que en sí es un sustantivo, verbo, adjetivo...), ha sufrido una evolución desde su significado original. Lo que en un origen era una forma verbal que conmina a alguien para que ande (para que se mueva; para que vaya a algún lugar), con el tiempo ha acabado formando una interjección que expresa sorpresa, alegría...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es que sea nada especial en sí mismo; todas las interjecciones impropias provenientes de verbos tienen hoy ese significado de sorpresa o reacción (arrea, venga, vaya, dale...). Es la evolución de un imperativo que en el pasado se ha usado con tanta frecuencia que ha creado un propio significado, de reacción y sorpresa ante algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17339" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T15:05:58.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21920" CreationDate="2017-08-24T15:27:04.430" Score="9" ViewCount="493" Body="&lt;p&gt;Durante los últimos meses he asistido a algunos eventos de tecnología, específicamente de desarrollo de software y uno muy importante referente a la comunidad de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt;. En los 4 eventos a los que he asistido me he encontrado que a la serie de productos promocionales tales como playeras, tazas, recipientes, etcétera lo nombran como &quot;&lt;em&gt;el swag&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio me costó trabajo saber a qué se referían pero es algo con lo que te familiarizas muy rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenía entendido que el &lt;em&gt;swag&lt;/em&gt; se refería más a tener cierto estilo, un estilo animado y que denota buen humor (de ahí la frase &quot;tiene el &lt;em&gt;swag&lt;/em&gt;&quot;), no que se refiriera a una serie de artículos de regalo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esto me surgen principalmente dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué palabra o expresión puede ser el equivalente de &lt;em&gt;swag&lt;/em&gt; en español haciendo referencia a artículos promocionales?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Swag&lt;/em&gt; tiene algún otro uso en español aparte de los que he mencionado?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T08:13:13.983" LastActivityDate="2019-10-01T09:00:49.403" Title="¿Qué palabra o expresión puede ser el equivalente de &quot;swag&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21776" CreationDate="2017-08-24T15:45:10.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de consultar, físicamente, la edición española del libro en una librería que había por aquí, y la palabra que usa es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/iz4HPLY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;fotaza&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2SuyWSo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;amuleto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. amulētum.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Objeto pequeño que se lleva encima, al que se atribuye la virtud de alejar el mal o propiciar el bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T15:45:10.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21918" CreationDate="2017-08-24T16:01:45.320" Score="4" ViewCount="3239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una canción que traigo de cantar. No puedo recordar las palabras si no las entiendo. La frase que no entiendo es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy ese juguito e' parcha que te baja la presión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería la frase sin abreviatura? ¿Y qué significa? (Tal vez lo entendería sin la abreviacion &lt;em&gt;e'&lt;/em&gt; pero no me parece evidente). Entiendo ya que &lt;em&gt;juguito&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;a little drink&quot; y &lt;em&gt;que te baja la presion&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;that calms you down&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La canción entera se llama &quot;La Complicidad&quot;, de Perota Chingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy la serenidad que lleva a la meditación&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y tu eres ese tan sagrado mantra&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Soy ese juguito e' parcha que te baja la presión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y siempre que te sube tu me llamas Ya&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tira la sábana sal de la cama&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vamos a conquistar toda la casa  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=2060961&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Perota Chingo: La Complicidad'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="872" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:55:37.640" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T01:43:25.710" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;ese juguito e' parcha que te...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21909" CreationDate="2017-08-24T16:14:35.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acababa&lt;/em&gt; is in the imperfect because, despite the fact that the translation is OK, it doesn't mean exactly the same as in Spanish. &quot;I was finishing my dinner&quot; would be more exact. That is, the action of finishing dinner was in progress when the door bell rang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish equivalent of &quot;I had just finished my dinner when the door bell rang&quot; is straightforward: it uses the pluperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo había acabado de cenar cuando llamaron a la puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because there's already a simple preterit (&lt;em&gt;llamaron&lt;/em&gt;) in the sentence, so referring to a previous action that has already been completed must be done using the compound tense. If not you could say simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo acabé de comer y entonces llamaron a la puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or with a different clause structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apenas acabé de comer, llamaron a la puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note this mirrors the English usage: &quot;As soon as I finished my dinner, the door bell rang.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T16:14:35.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21916" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-24T16:33:11.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Identificar o descifrar un término de acuerdo a una pronunciación no clara o mal recordada, una memoria vaga, mala caligrafía o audio, u otras situaciones que hacen difícil comprender con claridad el término usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No confundir con &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/solicitud-de-t%c3%a9rmino&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;solicitud-de-t&amp;#233;rmino&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;solicitud-de-t&amp;#233;rmino&lt;/a&gt;, que es para aquellas preguntas en las que se también se pide un término, pero en base a descripciones o términos en otro idioma que &lt;strong&gt;estan claros&lt;/strong&gt;, en oposición al uso de este tag en el que no se ha oye bien la palabra en un audio, no se cree recordar con claridad cuál fue el término usado (&quot;creo que sonaba como así&quot;), un texto está escrito con caligrafía dudosa, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T17:07:03.770" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T17:07:03.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21917" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-24T16:33:11.733" Score="0" Body="Identificar o descifrar un término de acuerdo a una pronunciación no clara o mal recordada, una memoria vaga, mala caligrafía o audio, u otras situaciones que hacen difícil comprender con claridad el término usado." OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T17:07:03.770" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T17:07:03.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21914" CreationDate="2017-08-24T16:52:13.477" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia nos desvela que la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passiflora_edulis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parcha&lt;/a&gt; es una fruta exótica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CTJpP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CTJpP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El maracuyá, mburukuja, pasionaria, parcha, parchita, chinola o mburucuyá (Passiflora edulis) es una planta trepadora del género Passiflora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DAMER revela que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=parcha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;parcha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; también quiere decir &lt;em&gt;homosexual&lt;/em&gt; en Venezuela, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://tn.com.ar/musica/clips/perota-chingo-de-argentina-al-mundo_101020&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las artistas parecen ser de Argentina&lt;/a&gt;, luego dudo que tenga ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.informeagricola.com/la-parcha-fruta-exotica/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La parcha, fruta exótica&lt;/a&gt; mencionan que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además ayuda a bajar la presión y esta es una de las razones por la cual los consumidores la utilizan con mayor frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que el fragmento &lt;em&gt;que te baja la presión&lt;/em&gt; cobra aún más sentido. Además, nótese que &lt;em&gt;jugo&lt;/em&gt; y su diminutivo &lt;em&gt;juguito&lt;/em&gt; son comunes en Hispanoamérica (en España decimos &lt;em&gt;zumo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, el uso de &lt;em&gt;e'&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; parece un recurso para simbolizar que la preposición se dice tan rápido que la consonante &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; apenas suena (yo no la oí al escuchar la canción). Esto lo explica el DPD en su entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=wV8heEHVFD64FHx2Ng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;apóstrofo&lt;/em&gt;. Signo ortográfico auxiliar en forma de coma alta (’), que apenas se usa en el español actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Como usos propios de la lengua española, se distinguen principalmente dos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Para reflejar, en la escritura, la supresión de sonidos que se produce en ciertos niveles de la lengua oral. Aparece con frecuencia en textos literarios cuando el autor desea reproducir el habla de personajes de escasa cultura: &lt;em&gt;«Sacúdete el vestidito, m’ija, pa’que se nos salga el mal agüero»&lt;/em&gt; (Hayen Calle [Méx. 1993]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy ese juguito e' parcha que te baja la presión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede reescribir a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy ese zumo de maracuyá que te hipotensa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien no creo que suene tan bien :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T17:02:11.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21909" CreationDate="2017-08-24T17:04:37.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is in the imperfect because &lt;strong&gt;it is not being used  like &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;finishing&quot; (1), but like &lt;em&gt;acabar DE&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;having just happened something&quot; (11)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0FQ0uWG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acabar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Poner o dar fin a algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  11. intr. Haber ocurrido poco antes algo. &lt;em&gt;Acaba DE perder su caudal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use it like that, you should be able to replace &lt;em&gt;acabar de + infinitive&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;haber + participle (+ &quot;brevity expression&quot;)&lt;/em&gt; without changing the tense. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acababa de cenar cuando llamaron&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Había cenado (poco antes) cuando llamaron&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; I had just had dinner when they knocked  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acaba de salir hacia el trabajo&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ha salido (hace un momento) hacia el trabajo&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; She just left for work  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acabábamos de terminar de lavar el coche cuando empezó a llover&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Habíamos terminado de lavar el coche (segundos antes) cuando empezó a llover&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; We had just finished washing the car when it started to rain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that, in the last example, &quot;finish&quot; corresponds to &quot;terminar&quot;, not to &quot;acabar&quot;. In your own example, you are translating &quot;cenar&quot; to &quot;finish dinner&quot; which would actually be &lt;em&gt;terminar la cena&lt;/em&gt;. That might be the source of your confusion. You might want to use &quot;have dinner&quot; instead, like I did in the first item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This use of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; is NOT the same as &lt;em&gt;estar acabando de&lt;/em&gt;, either, which would just be equivalent to &quot;to be finishing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you understand enough Spanish, you may want to check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnwSzioaoylISTcd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;several&lt;/a&gt; relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=webOofzHfzCrOrzp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pages&lt;/a&gt; of RAE's &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, which fully explain this specific use of &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; with tons of examples and counter-examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T10:58:11.973" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T10:58:11.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21912" CreationDate="2017-08-24T18:26:58.077" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo que más se le acerca es lo que recomienda &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=swag&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;botín&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra tiene dos entradas en el DLE y en la segunda encuentro la acepción más ajustada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5zTsusZ%7C5zTy6cn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;botín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del occit. botin, y este del germ. *bytin 'presa'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Despojo que se concedía a los soldados, como premio de conquista, en el campo o plazas enemigas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Conjunto de las armas, provisiones y demás efectos de una plaza o de un ejército vencido y de los cuales se apodera el vencedor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Beneficio que se obtiene de un robo, atraco o estafa.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. en sent. fig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos, ya el DLE hace referencia a que también se usa en sentido figurado. Y, en efecto, creo que es muy pertinente en casos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Ayer fui a un encuentro de Stack Overflow en español. Había multitud de regalitos: bolígrafos, pegatinas, chapas... ¡Menudo &lt;strong&gt;botín&lt;/strong&gt; conseguí!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tanto en cuanto definimos este tipo de pijaditas/regalitos como una pequeña recompensa por haber participado en algún evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T18:26:58.077" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17351" CreationDate="2017-08-24T18:41:19.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;También es una conjetura, pero para mí, es una expresión vulgar que posiblemente tiene que ver con el tubo de la cañería o el drenaje. Cuando desechas algo por el baño, lo tienes por excremento o por absoluta asquerosidad, jalas la llave y lo mandas por un tubo...   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T18:41:19.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21910" CreationDate="2017-08-24T19:05:02.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; podemos ver esta advertencia en el apartado que habla de los plurales en la abreviaturas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jekFl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jekFl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Transcripción de la imagen:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advertencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Como puede verse en los ejemplos, el punto abreviativo debe aparecer detrás de cada bloque duplicado (&lt;em&gt;FF. AA.&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;pero no detrás de cada letra (&lt;sup&gt;ⓧ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;F.F.A.A.&lt;/em&gt;). Tampoco es correcto&#xA;prescindir, como se hace a veces, del espacio entre los bloques&#xA;(&lt;sup&gt;ⓧ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;FF.AA.&lt;/em&gt;), ni de los puntos, dejando el espacio (&lt;sup&gt;ⓧ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;FF AA&lt;/em&gt;), y menos aún&#xA;escribir todo el conjunto sin puntos ni espacio (&lt;sup&gt;ⓧ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;FFAA&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que hay que escribirlo con punto y con espacio siempre.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A lo que llamas &lt;em&gt;bloques&lt;/em&gt; también lo denomina así.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Todos los ejemplos que he visto con este recurso son de una palabra o dos, ninguno de más, ignoro si existirán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T19:19:33.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21910" CreationDate="2017-08-24T19:25:40.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La clave está en que no son lo mismo las &lt;strong&gt;siglas&lt;/strong&gt; que las &lt;strong&gt;abreviaturas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abreviatura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Es la representación gráfica reducida de una palabra o grupo de palabras, obtenida por eliminación de algunas de las letras o sílabas de su escritura completa y que siempre se cierra con un punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las abreviaturas son simplemente acortamientos de palabras. Pueden formarse con una letra (&quot;u.&quot; por &quot;unión&quot;) o con varias (&quot;pte.&quot; por &quot;pendiente&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EE. UU. es la manera de escribir Estados Unidos mediante abreviaturas. Como tales, van seguidas de un punto y se separan mediante espacio (aunque esto último no se suele respetar); y, por ser abreviaturas de unas palabras en plural, se duplican para indicarlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si quisiéramos escribir el nombre oficial completo, Estados Unidos de América, escribiríamos EE. UU. de A.; donde América no es plural y por tanto no se duplica, aunque la abreviatura sigue refiriéndose a una pluralidad de estados. Se pueden intercalar artículos y determinantes, puesto que son abreviaturas de palabras individuales, no siglas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando leemos unas abreviaturas, lo normal es hacerlo expandiendo la palabra, es decir: escribimos EE. pero leemos &quot;estados&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por poner un ejemplo real de abreviatura duplicada de más de 2 palabras: cuando se habla de las Infantas de España, el tratamiento correcto es Sus Altezas Reales: tres palabras en plural cuya abreviatura es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.armada.mde.es/ArmadaPortal/page/Portal/ArmadaEspannola/conocenos_noticias/prefLang_en/00_noticias--2010--07--NT-227-Entrega-de-despachos-ENM_es?_selectedNodeID=428029&amp;amp;_pageAction=selectItem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SS. AA. RR.&lt;/a&gt; (de paso, podemos ver aquí un ejemplo de cómo el uso actual tiende a economizar los espacios entre abreviaturas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sigla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Se llama sigla tanto a la palabra formada por las iniciales de los términos que integran una denominación compleja, como a cada una de esas letras iniciales. Las siglas se utilizan para referirse de forma abreviada a organismos, instituciones, empresas, objetos, sistemas, asociaciones, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EUA son las siglas de Estados Unidos de América. Como siglas, se escriben juntas y en mayúscula. Da igual que la palabra sea singular o plural: se usa siempre la primera letra. Las siglas de Estados Unidos (sin el &quot;de América&quot;) serían, efectivamente, EU; pero el uso de EE. UU. está tan extendido que poner EU crearía confusión (de ahí que las siglas reales sean EUA).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las siglas forman una especie de palabra en sí; rara, pero palabra. Cuando la leemos, se pronuncia como palabra normal (si tiene suficientes vocales, como OTAN) o como letras sueltas (como FBI) o mezcla (como CD-ROM).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las normas mencionadas en la otra pregunta para formar el plural, se refiere al plural de esta palabra completa, no al plural de las palabras que la componen (que ya hemos visto que es irrelevante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que existiese el concepto de &quot;Asociación Libre de Impuestos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las siglas serían &quot;ALI&quot; (no ALII).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La abreviatura podría ser &quot;A. L. de II.&quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si varias asociaciones se unen para formar una federación, diríamos que las ALI (no ALIs) del país se han unido para formar la Federación de Asociaciones Libres de Impuestos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siglas FALI (no FAALLII).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abreviatura F. de AA. LL. de II. (por ejemplo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hablamos de varias federaciones, serían las FALI (no FALIs ni FFALI ni FFAALLII), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entonces ¿cuándo se duplican las letras iniciales?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siempre&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando lo que escribimos es una &lt;strong&gt;abreviatura de una palabra en plural&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nunca&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando lo que escribimos son &lt;strong&gt;siglas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T12:17:34.353" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T12:17:34.353" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-24T20:07:38.750" Score="7" ViewCount="1058" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tratamento de los nuevos soldados en California por 1820 era, según José María Amador, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de filiado el recluta le hacían tupé y valcarra. El tupé era que le afeitaban toda la mitad del frente de la cabeza, dejándole sólo a los lados la valcarra que caía sobre la cara y servía de patilla. La parte de atrás formaba la coleta que era entrenzado. Esto era tan ridículo que nadie se prestó a ello por su voluntad. Todos los que sufrieron esa trasquila, fueron forzados. Esta ridícula invención fue obra del Gobr. Solá y del Capn. de la Guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque esa moda fuera única -- y yo no sé si era -- ¿la palabra &quot;valcarra&quot; sugiere algo sobre posibles orígenes de la costumbre? ¿Hay algo parecido,  más conocido en el idioma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me occurre que posiblemente era semejante a lo que hacen en la Universidad de Chile a los estudiantes recién llegados, llamados &quot;mechones&quot;. No tenían que afeitarse, por lo menos cuando anduve por allá, pero tal vez era diferente antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ Para quien quiera leer la pregunta antecedente, en el inglés, está en: &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/38091/ridiculous-military-haircut-in-spanish-california&quot;&gt;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/38091/ridiculous-military-haircut-in-spanish-california&lt;/a&gt; ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After being enlisted, the recruits were given a toupee [tupé] and a &lt;strong&gt;valcarra&lt;/strong&gt;. The toupee was when the entire front half of the head was shaved, leaving only the valcarra on the sides. The &lt;strong&gt;valcarra&lt;/strong&gt; would drop on the sides of the face and would serve as sideburns [patilla]. The hair behind the head [coleta] was braided into a pigtail [entrenzado]. This haircut was so ridiculous that no one would voluntarily accept it. Those who suffered this shearing were forced to have it. This ridiculous invention was the work of Governor Solá and Captain de la Guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T22:19:36.087" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T16:59:20.357" Title="Antiguo corte de pelo &quot;valcarra&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21924" CreationDate="2017-08-24T20:32:24.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;valcarra&quot; no aparece en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tampoco aparece en el CORDE, que recoge miles de textos en español de los últimos 1000 y pico años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strike&gt;Ni siquiera Google ofrece resultados que tengan que ver con un corte de pelo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;A todas luces, la palabra &quot;valcarra&quot; no existe&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21924/antiguo-corte-de-pelo-valcarra#comment34675_21926&quot;&gt;Rodrigo ha encontrado&lt;/a&gt; algunas referencias por internet; todas indican que viene a ser un sinónimo de &quot;mechones&quot;, &quot;greñas&quot;, &quot;pelo largo&quot;... pero ninguna da pistas del origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que &lt;strong&gt;quizá es una &lt;strike&gt;mala transcripción&lt;/strike&gt; evolución de otra palabra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una candidata sería &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HW98jY9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falcada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que en Argentina quiere decir &quot;manojo de hierba que se puede coger con la mano&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si he entendido bien la descripción del corte de pelo, lo que se hacía era afeitarles la cabeza sólo por arriba, dejando pelo colgando a los lados y atrás. Quizá estos mechones de pelo laterales parecían &quot;manojos de hierba&quot; y por eso se les llamó &lt;em&gt;falcada&lt;/em&gt;, y de ahí se llegó a &quot;valcarra&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puede que, dado que el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Vicente_de_Sol%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gobernador Solá&lt;/a&gt; era de origen vasco, y siendo él quien introdujo ese corte de pelo, a lo mejor es una antigua palabra vasca que ya ha desaparecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-26T01:58:23.890" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T01:58:23.890" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21931" CreationDate="2017-08-25T08:13:29.300" Score="4" ViewCount="21176" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;desasignar&lt;/em&gt; no aparece en el diccionario de la REA. Sin embargo, sí aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3zmNLMJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;asignar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. En muchas aplicaciones informáticas se está usando el término desasignar, quizás por herencia del inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si hablamos de la acción de un usuario, con la capacidad para designar quién realizará &lt;em&gt;una tarea&lt;/em&gt;, así como para hacer lo contrario ¿cuál sería el término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14710" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T11:52:56.483" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T11:52:56.483" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;desasignar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21932" CreationDate="2017-08-25T09:02:29.720" Score="7" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;When writing lists of questions, like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debemos hacernos las siguientes preguntas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿qué queremos conseguir?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿cómo podemos conseguirlo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I be capitalizing &lt;em&gt;¿Qué ...?&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo ...?&lt;/em&gt; in there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm aware that list items should start with uppercase if the previous ends with a period; lowercase if it ends with a semicolon; or either if there's no punctuation between items.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, &lt;strong&gt;do question marks count as punctuation when it comes to capitalization of sentences in a list&lt;/strong&gt;? And if so, which type?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T11:56:31.953" Title="How should I capitalize questions in a bullet list?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21928" CreationDate="2017-08-25T09:19:04.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que una palabra no aparezca en el diccionario no quiere decir que &quot;no exista&quot; o que &quot;sea incorrecta&quot;. Si un afijo tiene un significado claro al añadirse a una base, no necesariamente estará en el diccionario la palabra resultante, ya que sería como explicar que 1 + 1 = 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T09:19:04.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21928" CreationDate="2017-08-25T09:20:21.443" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/publicaciones/210-derivados-y-compuestos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no incluye todas las palabras compuestas&lt;/a&gt;, solo aquellas que le parecen relevantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todas las voces derivadas de otras o formadas mediante composición, sin tener en cuenta la posibilidad de que su significado sea claramente deducible a partir de los elementos que las constituyen, pueden entrar a formar parte del Diccionario. Así sucede con los adverbios terminados en &lt;strong&gt;-mente&lt;/strong&gt;, las voces que contienen los prefijos &lt;strong&gt;anti-&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;des-&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. (...) En este Diccionario solo aparecen aquellos términos que, vista la documentación de su empleo real, el Pleno académico ha decidido incluir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las demás, se entiende que si usan los afijos (&lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) y reglas habituales, y su significado es exactamente el esperado, entonces no necesitan aclaración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;exmarido&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/normas-de-escritura-de-los-prefijos-exmarido-ex-primer-ministro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perfectamente válida&lt;/a&gt;, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=exmarido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no aparece en el diccionario&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que planteas, el significado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=asignar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;asignar&lt;/a&gt; está claro, y el del prefijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=des-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;des-&lt;/a&gt; también. Se entiende sin problema que la palabra quiere decir &quot;deshacer la asignación&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;No aparece en el diccionario, pero es válida.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: todos los enlaces son a definiciones del DLE o artículos de la RAE, pero no los incluyo ya que son solo ilustrativos; el contenido no es necesario para entender la respuesta.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T09:40:49.410" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T09:40:49.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21929" CreationDate="2017-08-25T13:25:44.707" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: If you're already using lowercase with semicolons, keep doing that; if you're using uppercased full sentences ending with a full stop, keep doing that (but do not write a dot after &quot;?&quot;); if all the items are closed questions and there are no other sentences to tip the scale in any way, use whatever you want (lowercase with semicolons or uppercase without dots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is descrbied in the section &lt;em&gt;3.4.7.2. Otros usos de la raya&lt;/em&gt; from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fnXkCSrPbXcfizkA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;first page&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UuXHWrTyklTJwHKS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;second page&lt;/a&gt;), which RAE made available in &lt;a href=&quot;http://t.co/LWyF2IRfWG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://t.co/LWyF2IRfWG&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/494403389963661312&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an answer in Twitter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There we can find this explanation (I removed the examples for the sake of brevity):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.4.7.2.2. En enumeraciones en forma de lista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puntuación de enumeraciones en forma de lista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La raya sirve también para introducir cada uno de los elementos de una relación que se escriben en líneas independientes. En este caso, debe dejarse un espacio en blanco entre la raya y el texto que sigue. A la hora de puntuar este tipo de relaciones, debe tenerse en cuenta lo siguiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Cuando los elementos que se relacionan son simples, es decir, están constituidos por una palabra o por un grupo sintáctico breve, hay dos opciones. Cabe cerrar cada uno de los conceptos con coma, excepto el último, que se cerrará con punto. Es igualmente válido prescindir de los signos de puntuación. (...) los elementos introducidos por la raya se escriben con minúscula inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Cuando los elementos de la lista son más complejos -bien por su mayor extensión, bien por presentar puntuación interna-, es preferible el uso del punto y coma. También en este supuesto cada elemento de la relación se inicia con minúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Cuando la relación se compone de enunciados completos, la práctica más recomendable es cerrar cada miembro de la enumeración con punto, escribiendo con inicial mayúscula cada uno de los conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you are listing mere words or small groups&lt;/strong&gt; of them you will always use lower case. Then, you can either list them without any punctuation:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;fresas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tomates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿kiwis?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;maracuyás&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or separate them with commas and a final dot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;fresas,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tomates,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿kiwis?,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;maracuyás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you are listing more complex items&lt;/strong&gt; (either because of their extension or because they already contain some punctuation marks themselves), use lower case and separate with a semi colon:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas son mis tareas cada mañana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;comer muchos cereales;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;recoger la ropa;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡quitarme las legañas!;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;si es fin de semana, pasear en bicicleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you are listing full sentences&lt;/strong&gt;, use upper case for the first word of each item, since all of them end with a dot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Notarás que estas preguntas tienen algunas cosas en común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Usan una gramática, capitalización y puntuación correctas, o lo mejor que el autor puede.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Indican un problema claro que necesita solución e incluyen los detalles relevantes necesarios para ilustrar el problema de una forma que otros puedan reproducirlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tienen títulos claros y descriptivos, normalmente en forma de pregunta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Van directo al grano, son fáciles de leer y entender.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Quién quiere poner algo más de paja aquí?&lt;sub&gt;ejemplo tonto para ver cómo queda si es una frase completa, tras la cual no ponemos punto pues &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tras los signos de cierre puede colocarse cualquier signo de puntuación, salvo el punto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Example taken from the help page of Stack Overflow en español, section &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/help/asking-rate-limited&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué el sistema me esta pidiendo esperar un día o más antes de hacer otra pregunta?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T11:56:31.953" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T11:56:31.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21912" CreationDate="2017-08-25T14:57:27.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21920/5481&quot;&gt;genial respuesta de Fedorqui (&quot;Botín&quot; / &quot;Regalitos&quot;)&lt;/a&gt; a mi se me ocurre &lt;code&gt;trofeos&lt;/code&gt; (eso sí, admito que es menos apropiado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos de los eventos en los que yo he estado había un montón de &lt;em&gt;stands&lt;/em&gt; de distintas empresas. Mis compañeros de trabajo y yo nos turnábamos en nuestro propio &lt;em&gt;stand&lt;/em&gt;, y en los descansos dábamos un paseo a ver qué había en la conferencia o feria. A veces nos referíamos a esos vagabundeos como &quot;expediciones de caza&quot;, ya que íbamos a conseguir algo que habíamos visto que otro compañero había conseguido en un cierto &lt;em&gt;stand&lt;/em&gt; o nuevos y mejores artículos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que no eran &quot;trofeos&quot; en el sentido de que reconocieran algún logro o que fueran algo que mereciese la pena exhibir o atesorar, pero sí eran el resultado satisfactorio de un esfuerzo por conseguir un determinado elemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-10-01T09:00:49.403" LastActivityDate="2019-10-01T09:00:49.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21095" CreationDate="2017-08-25T15:39:28.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de toparme con esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las noches, los ciudadanos del Imperio Romano construí­an sus camas rellenando con paja un saco de tela. La paja debí­a ser vaciada cada noche para secarse, por eso, las camas tení­an que volverse a hacer cada noche. Esta práctica continuó hasta el siglo XV, y en algunos paí­ses todaví­a más tarde. De ahí­ proviene la expresión “hacer la cama”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ceslava.com/blog/el-origen-original-de-dichos-y-refranes-varios/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que es una de esos artículos en los que algunos de los orígenes de los dichos son creíbles e incluso contrastados y otros sabemos de sobra que son falsos, con lo cual no sabemos hasta qué punto fiarnos de los que no conocemos el origen. Eso sí, es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infocolchon.com/articulos/historia-colchon.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verificable&lt;/a&gt; que los romanos hacían sus camas de este modo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacer_la_cama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; sí corrobora que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término «hacer la cama» proviene de la Edad Media, cuando las camas se construían tan solo con un manojo de paja que se extendía sobre el suelo o sobre un banco elevado. En vista de que la paja se recogía diariamente para secarla al sol o destinarla a otras funciones domésticas, la cama tenía que hacerse literalmente cada noche.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(La fuente para esta afirmación es &lt;em&gt;Las cosas nuestras de cada día, de Charles Panati&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia aporta otros datos relacionados como que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Hacer la cama» es también una expresión coloquial que significa engañar a alguien para obtener algún provecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una broma popular consiste en hacer la cama de una manera diferente para impedir que la persona entre en la misma. &lt;strong&gt;Se llama hacer la petaca&lt;/strong&gt; (sábanas cortas, en Chile), y se realiza metiendo el extremo inferior de la sábana encimera por la cabecera volviéndola luego sobre la manta. De este modo, la persona que intenta entrar no lo consigue, al haber reducido con la sábana el espacio disponible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como apunta el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/hacer_la_cama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionario&lt;/a&gt;, la expresión tiene los significados de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actuar a espaldas de una persona de forma de conseguir que esta caiga en desgracia y conseguir una ventaja personal con el cambio de situación. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/hacerle_la_cama_a_alguien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacerle la cama &lt;em&gt;a alguien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Engañar a alguno de manera premeditada y sutil con el fin de obtener provecho de su confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preparar el terreno en sentido figurado para algún propósito que se tenga en mente; preparar una jugarreta a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esta última es la acepción que más cuadra, ya que si le preparas a alguien el &amp;quot;saco de paja&amp;quot; o la cama, se la puedes preparar mal de acuerdo a tus propósitos para hacerles una jugarreta o sacar beneficio de su confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues parece ser que &amp;quot;hacer la cama&amp;quot; es como la analogía de que preparas el lugar de descanso de otra persona de manera inconveniente para ella (le rellenas el saco con piedrecitas, no solo paja o plumas, le pones mal las sábanas, etc) para sacar provecho de esta jugarreta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T15:39:28.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21924" CreationDate="2017-08-25T17:56:56.693" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que he encontrado algo. Si es un error de transcripción es muy posible que la palabra sea en realidad &lt;strong&gt;balcarrias&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la descripción del corte de pelo pensé que &lt;em&gt;valcarra&lt;/em&gt; tenía que ser el pelo de los laterales de la cabeza y a partir de ahí encontré la palabra &lt;em&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/em&gt; que coincidía con esa descripción. No lo encuentro en diccionarios aunque tampoco he hecho una búsqueda muy exhaustiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://lexicoon.org/es/balcarrotas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lexicoon.org&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/em&gt; me muestra varios textos interesantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(..)físicos, los trajes nativos y las balcarrotas o estilo de peinado indígena, cualquiera de los cuales, o todos, podrían haberse aplicado igualmente a los mestizos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) un hombre &quot;trasquilado&quot; del casquete y con dos &#xA;  mechones que caen en espiral desde la sien llamados &quot;balcarrotas&quot;, (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varios más del estilo pero el siguiente es el que me interesa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) y sobre las orejas dos mechones largos que le llegaban casi hasta los hombros, según la moda de todos ellos, y que llamaban de balcarrotas o balcarrias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces tenemos que &lt;em&gt;balcarrias&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/em&gt; y es muy similar a &lt;em&gt;valcarra&lt;/em&gt; del que no hay apenas referencias aparte de este texto de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actualización:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la respuesta de @Rodrigo queda claro que &lt;em&gt;balcarras&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimos, de la primera hay poquísimas referencias pero puede perfectamente ser derivada de la segunda, la raíz es la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/em&gt; podemos encontrar más información, en México eran mechones de pelo que cuelgan a los lados de la cabeza pero en Colombia llamaban así a las patillas. La acepción colombiana es lo que en inglés llaman &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideburns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sideburns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, en la entrada de la wikipedia sobre está palabra leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) as well as Colombians, who wear their sideburns long and&#xA;  typically do not have any other facial hair, are said to be wearing&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;balcarrotas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Balcarrotas según la acepción colombiana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7zMOt.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7zMOt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hombre con balcarrotas&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se supone que los los indios mexicanos se rapaban la cabeza y se dejaban las balcarrotas a los lados según dicen en varios diccionarios o textos que hablan de ello pero no encuentro imágenes con ese corte de pelo, ninguna foto o dibujo de indios mexicanos muestra ese peculiar peinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todavía no he encontrado naba sobre la etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-03T15:01:07.807" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T15:01:07.807" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-25T18:45:39.807" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would i say the word &quot;work&quot;, (as in, &quot;i have to go to work&quot;) in Venezuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17501" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T00:01:36.503" Title="How to say &quot;work&quot; in venezuelan spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-26T11:13:59.193" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21936" CreationDate="2017-08-26T00:01:36.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la página &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Palabras_de_Venezuela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiki Lengua palabras de Venezuela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trabajo, empleo = chamba. Como no le dieron chamba, asaltó el negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T00:01:36.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21940" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-26T19:08:41.097" Score="4" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay candidatos como acosar, acechar, rondar, perseguir, embrujar, pero no puedo encontrar el sentido expresamente para los fantasmas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-05T15:53:03.327" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T22:26:10.603" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor manera de expresar &quot;haunt&quot; como cuando los muertos regresan para estorbar a los vivos?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="21941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21940" CreationDate="2017-08-26T20:03:48.270" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra que buscas es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Atormentar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE define atormentar como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=atormentar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Atormentar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De tormentar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Causar dolor o molestia corporal. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Causar aflicción, disgusto o enfado. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dar tormento al reo o a un testigo para obtener una confesión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Batir con la artillería.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de los fantasmas lo que aplica es la definición 3º. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; El fantasma de la casa atormentaba a los habitantes.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, Nerón, quien había ordenado asesinar a su madre Agripina,&#xA;  confesaba que vivía atormentado por su fantasma, que habitualmente lo&#xA;  perseguía.&lt;a href=&quot;http://queaprendemoshoy.com/fantasmas-del-pasado-sucesos-paranormales-en-grecia-y-roma/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-08-26T21:15:25.290" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T21:15:25.290" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-27T02:03:34.110" Score="6" ViewCount="865" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué del latín &lt;em&gt;teneo&lt;/em&gt; quedó el español &lt;em&gt;tengo&lt;/em&gt;, con una &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; intercalada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17512" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T15:10:16.930" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T16:22:55.817" Title="¿Por qué del latín &quot;teneo&quot; quedó español &quot;tengo&quot;, con una &quot;g&quot; intercalada?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21943" CreationDate="2017-08-27T03:52:22.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchos verbos irregulares se formaron a partir de principios generales fonológicos o leyes fonéticas del sistema español que han llevado a cambios fonéticos a partir del latín vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas leyes sufren con frecuencia alteraciones debidas principalmente a la influencia de otros sonidos de la misma palabra. La más importante es la de yod. &lt;strong&gt;Se llama yod a todo sonido de i semivocal o semiconsonante; a toda e en hiato, y a la i desarrollada por las consonantes palatales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La influencia de yod se deja sentir, no sólo en la a, sino también en las demás vocales. Su articulación cerrada se propaga a las vocales que la preceden, y de este modo, las que debieran ser abiertas en el latín vulgar, quedan cerradas y evolucionan como tales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esto la e y la o, que diptongan en ie, ue [serra &gt; sierra; morte &gt; muerte], no pueden diptongar cuando van seguidas de yod: [latín] pectu &gt; [español] pecho; &lt;strong&gt;[latín] teneo &gt; [español] tengo&lt;/strong&gt;; [latín] nocte &gt; [español] noche; [latín] folia &gt; [español] hoja. Ésta es la excepción castellana más importante a la ley de diptongación de ambas vocales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Verbos%20irregulares-C%C3%B3mo%20explicarlos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo explicar los verbos irregulares&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/j/JOD%20%20%20Yod.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JOD/Yod (hispanoteca)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elarlequindehielo.obolog.es/apuntes-lengua-resumen-fonetica-historica-195706&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apuntes de lengua: Resumen de Fonética histórica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T16:22:55.817" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T16:22:55.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21929" CreationDate="2017-08-27T06:11:02.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fedorqui's answer applies to English as well.  Since there was still some doubt, though, I will point out that a question &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; a sentence.  So if the item can stand alone as a &lt;strong&gt;complete&lt;/strong&gt; question, capitalize the first letter. And use the leading question mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14028" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T06:11:02.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21946" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-27T14:00:34.977" Score="2" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fumaba siempre a escondidas, no sólo porque era mal visto &lt;strong&gt;que una&#xA;  mujer fumara en público&lt;/strong&gt;, sino porque a ella le gustaba fumar sola.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda respecto a tipo de oración subordinada: ¿Es el fragmento en negrita una oración sustantiva (¿&lt;em&gt;qué es lo que era mal visto&lt;/em&gt;?) o se refiere a la oración causal (&lt;em&gt;no sólo porque …, sino porque&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué la forma &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt; está en indicativo? Como negamos la validez de la causa, debería ir en subjuntivo, ¿no? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchas gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:49:32.477" Title="Modo verbal después de &quot;no porque&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-27T16:42:12.547" Score="8" ViewCount="966" Body="&lt;p&gt;Espero encontrar algún chileno aquí que me pueda contestar la siguiente pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata del subjuntivo del voseo, que se usa con bastante diferencia en las varias regiones voseantes. Ya sé que por ejemplo en el español rioplatense, normalmente se ocupa el subjuntivo del &quot;tú&quot;, aunque esté con el pronombre &quot;vos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Vos me lo decís&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (voseo), pero &lt;em&gt;&quot;No me lo digas!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (tuteo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;digás&lt;/em&gt; también lo he visto, tanto como &lt;em&gt;vayás, seás, pensés&lt;/em&gt; (en vez de &lt;em&gt;vayas, seas, pienses&lt;/em&gt;), pero me parece que es más informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que más bien me refiero es como es eso en Chile. Sé que el voseo se ocupa también en el subjuntivo: &lt;em&gt;&quot;No me mintái!&quot;, &quot;Quiero que cerrí(s) la puerta!&quot;, &quot;No te preocupí(s).&quot;&lt;/em&gt; Que yo sepa la s no se pronuncia realmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mi pregunta: Si hasta aquí es todo correcto lo que me he dado cuenta visitando aquellos países, ¿cuál es el subjuntivo informal que se usa con el voseo de los verbos &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; en Chile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algo así como &lt;em&gt;&quot;no quiero que te vayái&quot;, &quot;no seái triste&quot;, &quot;no vayái a la playa hoy&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, etc.? Sé que el voseo en Chile es bastante informal, pero en esta pregunta me refiero solamente a eso. Sería más lógico si existieran esas formas, pero me parece que a pesar de todo con esos dos verbos no se usa el voseo en el subjuntivo, sea tan informal la situación como quiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias por cualquier información, me interesa todo lo que se refiera a ese asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que tengan buen día! (:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17515" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T19:31:00.150" Title="Voseo del subjuntivo del presente de verbos irregulares (ser, ir) en Chile" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21943" CreationDate="2017-08-27T18:42:07.097" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El grupo &lt;em&gt;-ng-&lt;/em&gt; aparece en la primera persona del indicativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares debido a la analogía, es decir, un proceso en el cual los hablantes calcan unas formas sobre otras. La historia es más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Palatalización de /g/ ante vocales anteriores&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una determinada etapa de la evolución del romance, la /g/ se palatalizó en /j/ (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yod_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;yod&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) ante las vocales anteriores /e/, /i/. Esto implicó que apareciera una nasal seguida de &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; al final de muchos verbos que en latín terminaban &lt;em&gt;-ngere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así por ejemplo se palatalizó la /g/ en los verbos &lt;em&gt;ringere&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plangere&lt;/em&gt; y &#xA;&lt;em&gt;tangere&lt;/em&gt;, y al quedar en contacto /n/ + /j/ el resultado fue la nasal palatal /ɲ/, representada por &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; (en español resultaron &lt;em&gt;reñir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tañer&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El asunto es que en la primera persona del singular del presente del indicativo la vocal de la conjugación era &lt;em&gt;-ō&lt;/em&gt;, luego acortada &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, que es posterior, por lo cual no provocaba la palatalización de la /g/. Es decir que los verbos tenían una raíz terminada en nasal palatal en todas las personas menos en la primera del singular, donde se preservaba la /g/. Esta excepción eventualmente sería anulada por analogía, pero entretanto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Palatalización de /n/ ante &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo similar a lo anterior pasaba cuando la &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; provenía de un sonido /e/ o /i/ que se había hecho no silábico, como en la conjugación de primera persona del singular del presente de indicativo de &lt;em&gt;tenere&lt;/em&gt;, que era &lt;em&gt;teneō&lt;/em&gt; y que debió pasar a algo así como &lt;em&gt;tenĭo&lt;/em&gt; /tenjo/, o la de &lt;em&gt;venire&lt;/em&gt;, que era &lt;em&gt;veniō&lt;/em&gt;. Como en el caso anterior el grupo /n/ + /j/ dio /ɲ/ (nuestra &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;). Así es como quedó la conjugación en portugués, de hecho (con /ɲ/ representada por &lt;em&gt;nh&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;eu tenho&lt;/em&gt; &quot;yo tengo&quot;, &lt;em&gt;eu venho&lt;/em&gt; &quot;yo vengo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Reinterpretación de las dos formas en una&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez obtenida la nasal palatal en el final de las raíces de estos dos tipos de verbos, no había manera de que los hablantes supiesen cuál de los dos mecanismos era el que había llevado a la aparición de /ɲ/. Los verbos latinos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-ngere&lt;/em&gt; se conjugaban en todas las personas, menos la primera del singular, con la palatal /ɲ/, mientras que en la primera del singular alternaban /ng/ (que era el desarrollo fonético normal) y /ɲ/ (que se iba extendiendo por analogía). Vale decir que el verbo que hoy escribimos &lt;em&gt;ceñir&lt;/em&gt; se conjugaba &lt;em&gt;cingo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ciño&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;tañer&lt;/em&gt; daba &lt;em&gt;tango&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;taño&lt;/em&gt;, etc. En los verbos donde /ɲ/ provenía de /n/ + /j/ no había esa alternancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventualmente, por razones que sólo podemos especular, los hablantes comenzaron a extender por analogía la &lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt; intermedia preservada en los verbos descendientes de los latinos en &lt;em&gt;-ngere&lt;/em&gt; en la primera persona del singular a los otros verbos que, como éstos, tenían una raíz terminada en nasal palatal al conjugarse en otras personas. El razonamiento inconsciente pudo haber sido que &lt;strong&gt;los verbos con raíces terminadas en nasal palatal debían tener una primera persona del singular con &lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta alternancia terminó afianzándose sólo en unos pocos verbos muy usados, como &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;; se extendió enseguida a otro con una estructura fonética similar, &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;, y por un proceso similar, a &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; (cuyas formas de primera del singular deberían regularmente ser &lt;em&gt;sallo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;vallo&lt;/em&gt;). Hay testimonio escrito incluso de las formas &lt;em&gt;duelgo&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;suelgo&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt;). En todos los casos parece que se razonó que había que infijar una &lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt; en la primera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayor parte de los verbos donde existía la alternancia citada, sin embargo, terminó perdiéndola, de ahí que &lt;em&gt;ceñir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tañer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt; y demás sean hoy regulares en ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;em&gt;Del latín al español. I. Fonología y morfología históricas de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, de Paul M. Lloyd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T19:08:11.157" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T19:08:11.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21946" CreationDate="2017-08-27T18:49:32.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;que una mujer fumara en público&lt;/em&gt; es una subordinada sustantiva, como puede verse si la reemplazamos en el original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era mal visto &lt;strong&gt;que una mujer fumara en público&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eso&lt;/strong&gt; era mal visto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La proposición &lt;em&gt;era mal visto&lt;/em&gt; no está negada; lo que niega el &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es la exclusividad del &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt;. En la estructura &lt;em&gt;no sólo X sino Y&lt;/em&gt;, tanto X como Y se entienden como afirmativas, y de hecho queda implícito que es &lt;em&gt;no sólo X sino &lt;strong&gt;también&lt;/strong&gt; Y&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:49:32.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21952" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21955" CreationDate="2017-08-27T20:46:02.040" Score="4" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;My (old) Spanish dictionary has a 2nd definition of &quot;ciempiés&quot; as &quot;preposterous, disconnected work&quot;. Have you ever heard ciempiés used this way in Spanish? It is very funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17520" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T10:57:24.457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:53:18.247" Title="&quot;Ciempiés&quot; used colloquially" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21948" CreationDate="2017-08-28T01:02:17.720" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile el voseo verbal es generalizado para todos los modos y tiempos, incluido el subjuntivo y exceptuando el imperativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos que tú indicas (&lt;code&gt;&quot;no quiero que te vayái&quot;, &quot;no seái triste&quot;, &quot;no vayái a la playa hoy&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) son totalmente normales y correctos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por regla general, el &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt; de las formas verbales voseantes chilenas se genera a partir del voseo español típico (&quot;reverencial&quot;), al que se le elimina la vocal anterior a la &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt; y se relaja la &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; final casi hasta desaparecer. Esto implica ortografías variadas y dudosas. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;bailáis → bailái(h) → ¿Bailái bien? (Presente indicativo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;compréis → comprí(h) → Quiero que me comprí cigarros. (Presente subjuntivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;pretérito&lt;/strong&gt; voseante se forma simplemente relajando la -s final del voseo reverencial. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;bailabais → bailabai(h) → Bailabai bien (Pretérito indicativo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;comprarais → Sería bueno que comprarai cigarros. (Pretérito subjuntivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por su parte el &lt;strong&gt;futuro&lt;/strong&gt; siempre se forma con la forma voseante del verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Adónde vai a comer? (dónde comerás)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta conjugación es marca de &lt;strong&gt;informalidad y cercanía afectiva&lt;/strong&gt;. Se usa sobre todo &lt;strong&gt;entre amigos&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque por imitación lo pueden usar los padres con los hijos y los superiores con los subordinados. No implica diferencia educacional, regional ni de estrato social. El rector de la universidad no lo usa en público, pero lo usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En la persona singular&lt;/strong&gt; hay ustedeo, tuteo y voseo, dependiendo del nivel de formalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En la persona plural&lt;/strong&gt; no existe el voseo. Solo usamos la conjugación del  &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;, sin ninguna variación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que le &lt;strong&gt;pida&lt;/strong&gt; perdón. (Ustedeo: 2a persona singular formal y familiar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que le &lt;strong&gt;pidas&lt;/strong&gt; perdón. (Tuteo: 2a persona singular informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que le &lt;strong&gt;pidái&lt;/strong&gt; perdón. (Voseo: 2a persona singular informal-afectivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que le &lt;strong&gt;pidan&lt;/strong&gt; perdón. (Ustedeo: 2a persona plural invariable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi nunca usamos el pronombre &lt;strong&gt;vos&lt;/strong&gt;, pues preferimos el &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; cada vez que hay voseo verbal. El &quot;vos&quot; implica desdén o enojo, y puede sonar grosero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tú tenís&lt;/strong&gt; que creerme (voseo con tú, habitual y amistoso)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vos tenís&lt;/strong&gt; que creerme (voseo con vos, poco frecuente y muy agresivo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tratarse de una forma de hablar informal, los verbos que se conjugan de forma voseante son los más habituales y simples. Sonaría extraño decir &lt;em&gt;ojalá que reflexionarai&lt;/em&gt;, porque el verbo &quot;reflexionar&quot; no forma parte del registro informal. En cambio, algunos verbos muy frecuentes tienen distintas formas voseantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;haber: ¿&lt;em&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt; pensado? y ¿&lt;em&gt;habís&lt;/em&gt; pensado? (¿has pensado?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ser: ¿&lt;em&gt;soi&lt;/em&gt; casada? y ¿&lt;em&gt;erís&lt;/em&gt; casada? (¿eres casada?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ir: no quiero que te &lt;em&gt;vai&lt;/em&gt; y no quiero que te &lt;em&gt;vayái&lt;/em&gt; (no quiero que te vayas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T19:31:00.150" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T19:31:00.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21952" CreationDate="2017-08-28T03:37:53.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never heard it used that way, but just by checking the dictionary we see&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9AvIv81&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Obra o trabajo desatinado o incoherente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is a colloquial expression, and indeed it seems to have that (rather obscure) meaning of a &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;preposterous, disconnected work&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the &amp;quot;ciempiés&amp;quot; (centipede) happens to be a long, thing and segmented body, with a pair of legs on each segment of the body (21, according to the dictionary's definition) it is easy to understand the similitude between something &amp;quot;disconnected&amp;quot; and the description of such bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T03:37:53.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21952" CreationDate="2017-08-28T08:01:05.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you already saw in your dictionary, &quot;ciempiés&quot; does indeed have this second meaning of &quot;something convoluted, incoherent, preposterous&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I myself didn't know this; I always thought that, in that context, &quot;ciempiés&quot; was only used as an analogy, not in a pure semantical way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, &lt;em&gt;since your question is not about the meaning itself, but actual uses of the word with that meaning&lt;/em&gt;, I looked &quot;ciempiés&quot; up in &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; (historical uses, before 1970: 70 results found) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt; (current uses, after 1970: 61 uses found).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Only 8 out of 131 total appearances of &quot;ciempiés&quot; use that alternative meaning of &quot;preposterous, disconnected work&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; -- and one of the most recent, from a newspaper in 1989, even had to explain the meaning so it could be understood by their readers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ciempiés: pensamiento o cosa desatinada, confusa o incoherente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, dice el diccionario, después de describir al animal de múltiples patitas, cuyos movimientos son también &quot;inconexos y anárquicos&quot;, cita Manuel Trillo, impulsor del Grupo de Autoapoyo de Portadores del VIH y Enfermos de SIDA que lleva este nombre. (...) Este &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt; desatinado acoge a gentes con prácticas homosexuales, hemofílicos, drogodependientes, prostitutas, enfermos e infectados asintomáticos (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;El País, 01/12/1989 : El ciempiés desatinado&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La historia de Ávila es un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt; a cuya confusión cooperaron con entusiasmo los corregidores Nuño González del Águila y Bernal de Mata, el cronista Gonzalo de Ayora, el benedictino T. Ariz y un sinfín de fabulosos escritores más (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Camilo José Cela, &lt;em&gt;Judíos, moros y cristianos&lt;/em&gt;, 1956.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito un plano de Roma y ahora estaba intentando ver si podía, de memoria, trazar un croquis. No es tarea fácil, porque Roma, al revés de París, resulta un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt;. Los herederos de la cultura latina no son ya los italianos. La claridad y el sentido de la medida son ahora cualidades francesas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Lorenzo Villalonga, &lt;em&gt;Bearn, o la sala de las muñecas&lt;/em&gt;, 1956.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) pero un pintor que tiene siete u ocho maneras, ¿qué demonio es?, impresionista, cubista, productor de arte negro, dibujante minucioso y académico..., y todo ello al mismo tiempo. Esto está cerca de ser un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt;. Picasso parece un excéntrico musical que toca varios instrumentos. Se le toma por violinista, y toca el saxófono. Se dice que va a lucirse con la guitarra, y sale con un solo de flauta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Pío Baroja, &lt;em&gt;Desde la última vuelta del camino. Memorias&lt;/em&gt;, 1944.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Hurtado no le importaba nada la cuestión de los métodos y de las clasificaciones, ni saber si la Sociología era una ciencia o un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt; inventado por los sabios; lo que quería encontrar era una orientación, una verdad espiritual y práctica al mismo tiempo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Pío Baroja, &lt;em&gt;El árbol de la ciencia&lt;/em&gt;, 1911.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te diré, pues, que contraviniendo toda ley escrita, la chavala siguió atrayéndome y fascinándome, y sus debilidades manifiestas no me quitaron la ilusión de aquel extraño resplandor moral que creí ver en ella. Esto te parecerá un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt;; pero como es te lo cuento, y con la realidad no se gastan bromas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &lt;em&gt;La incógnita&lt;/em&gt;, 1888.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mayor parte de los académicos están a oscuras en materia de filología propiamente dicha; ni han estudiado la ciencia del lenguaje como hay que estudiarla para sacar partido de ella en aplicaciones a la gramática y al léxico del idioma nacional, ni conocen las lenguas sabias ni otras muchas que es necesario conocer para meterse en honduras de lingüística. La Academia viene a ser, en asuntos de diccionario, y especialmente de etimologías, lo que sería un jurado popular conociendo en materia de técnica jurídica: un &lt;strong&gt;ciempiés&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Clarín (Leopoldo Alas), &lt;em&gt;Apolo en Pafos&lt;/em&gt;, 1887.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, uses of &quot;ciempiés&quot; with that meaning are sparse to say the least, the most recent one being from almost 30 years ago, and it doesn't seem to be used at all in common language (journalists wouldn't have to explain it if it wasn't so).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But yeah, it can be used like that and people would kind of understand you, if only by analogy to the small, wriggly creature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T12:11:04.303" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T12:11:04.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21956" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21957" CreationDate="2017-08-28T09:57:23.100" Score="3" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;English grammar rules about capitalization of book titles say that, basically, most every word is capitalized except middle articles, conjunctions and prepositions. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The author will see her book&lt;/em&gt; &quot;A Star Shines the Brigthest when It's Falling&quot; &lt;em&gt;published next week&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, rules are different, and only the first word must be capitalized (besides global rules like people's names and such). So if the above book were to have an Spanish edition, the Spanish news would go like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La autora verá su libro&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Una estrella brilla más cuando es fugaz&quot; &lt;em&gt;publicado la semana que viene&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;strong&gt;if Spanish news had to talk about the book using the English title&lt;/strong&gt; (because e.g. a Spanish edition didn't exist), &lt;strong&gt;what rules are to be followed: English or Spanish ones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;? &lt;em&gt;La autora verá su libro&lt;/em&gt; &quot;A Star Shines the Brigthest when It's Falling&quot; &lt;em&gt;publicado la semana que viene&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ? &lt;em&gt;La autora verá su libro&lt;/em&gt; &quot;A star shines the brigthest when it's falling&quot; &lt;em&gt;publicado la semana que viene&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, though a bit offtopic, it'd be nice to know what is the norm in the opposite scenario: book titles in Spanish being used in English sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T14:57:27.950" Title="Capitalization of English book titles in Spanish text" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21956" CreationDate="2017-08-28T10:28:44.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/titulos-escritura-correcta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu recommends using Spanish rules for capitalization&lt;/a&gt;, though using those in the original language is also admissible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish Wikipedia uses the original title in its articles for foreign works (if only because the translation can be different in different Spanish speaking countries), and the criterion there is respecting the original capitalization. For instance: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo%27s_Nest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the offtopic bonus, the general use in English is to respect the original as much as possible always, sometimes even using non-English characters. English Wikipedia uses original capitalization, as we can see in the article on &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_on_the_Verge_of_a_Nervous_Breakdown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mujeres al borde de un ataque de nervios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; the different capitalization can be seen at the beginning of the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish, using Spanish capitalization rules (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE see 4.17&lt;/a&gt;) is recommended, though using the original is admissible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In English, use the original capitalization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T14:57:27.950" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T14:57:27.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21962" CreationDate="2017-08-28T11:13:52.377" Score="9" ViewCount="808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesaría saber cómo se han desarrollado las formas irregulares del presente de indicativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. Es obvio que no se dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;tú habes&quot;, &quot;ella habe&quot; y &quot;nosotros habemos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Supongo que en su desarrollo del latín se fue en algún momento aquella sílaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo bastante tiempo buscando porque pensé que era fácil de encontrar, googleándolo tanto en inglés como en español, pero el internet no me quiere decir el porqué. :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También quisiera saber por qué solamente la forma del vosotros se quedó con el &lt;em&gt;hab-&lt;/em&gt;. Me llamó la atención, porque en el voseo rioplatense se fue de nuevo. No se dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;vos habés&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y en el voseo chileno la forma &lt;em&gt;tú hai&lt;/em&gt; es la que se usa preferibilmente, en vez de &lt;em&gt;&quot;tú habí(s)&quot;&lt;/em&gt; que me parece más lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien tiene ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17515" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T10:18:30.123" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T10:18:30.123" Title="¿De dónde vienen las formas irregulares del verbo haber?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21990" CreationDate="2017-08-28T17:23:58.633" Score="4" ViewCount="4080" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según lo que tengo entendido, un mechón común y corriente es una parte del cabello que se agarra para cortarse o colorearse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CDPQI.jpg&quot; height=&quot;200&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Chile, y no sé si en otros lugares, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.icei.uchile.cl/noticias/132491/admision-y-caracterizacion-de-estudiantes-nuevos-mechones-2017&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se usa la palabra &quot;mechón&quot; para quien se matricula en un curso universitario&lt;/a&gt;, y el ritual de desafiar físicamente a los nuevos estudiantes es el &quot;mechoneo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NXPE2.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NXPE2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué?&lt;/strong&gt; Un mechón del cabello no parece tener que ver con los jóvenes aquellos, si no sea el caso que antiguamente &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21924/antiguo-corte-de-pelo-valcarra&quot;&gt;se obligaban a sufrir un corte de pelo humillante&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T19:06:48.937" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T15:46:44.400" Title="Origen de llamar a los nuevos universitarios &quot;mechones&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21959" CreationDate="2017-08-28T17:31:02.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ups. Acabé de encontrar la respuesta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novatada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el articulo &quot;Novatada&quot; de  Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nombre de origen se debe a que la tradición incluía el corte de un mechón de cabello que marcaba al alumno debutante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T17:31:02.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21958" CreationDate="2017-08-28T22:15:58.587" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el paso del latín al español hubo debilitamiento importante de las consonantes oclusivas sonoras, con varios episodios. En primer lugar, las oclusivas sonoras /b d ɡ/ pasaron a ser fricativas, [β ð ɣ], entre vocales y en ciertos otros contextos (esto sigue siendo válido hoy). En segundo lugar, ya debilitadas de esta manera, muchas de estas fricativas sordas fueron elididas completamente entre vocales. La dental [ð] cae casi en todos los casos, la velar [ɣ] en unos cuantos, y la labial [β] en unos pocos, unos de los cuales es precisamente la conjugación del verbo &lt;em&gt;habēre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de este proceso ocurría que la vocal /e/ no acentuada, en ciertos contextos, se transformaba en semivocal, pasaba a ser /i̯/ (una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; corta) y después /j/ (&lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt;, una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aproximante_palatal&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aproximante palatal&lt;/a&gt;). Esta &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; aparecía en las conjugaciones de muchos verbos y a veces reemplazaba a la consonante anterior, cuando ésta era una de las perdidas por el proceso explicado antes. Esto evitaba, además, que se produjera un hiato entre dos vocales. Por ejemplo, la primera persona del singular del verbo &lt;em&gt;vedēre&lt;/em&gt; &quot;ver&quot;, era &lt;em&gt;videō&lt;/em&gt;, que evolucionó a algo así como [beði̯o] &gt; [bei̯o] &gt; [bejo], escrito &lt;em&gt;veyo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final la &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; comenzó a extenderse a otras formas de los verbos, donde no era resultado del proceso de semivocalización de una /i/ o una /e/ sino simplemente un artificio para romper el hiato entre vocales, y así hay registrados infinitivos como &lt;em&gt;cayer, creyer, oyir, rayer, reyir, veyer&lt;/em&gt;. Estos fueron luego devueltos a sus formas regulares, aunque algunas de sus conjugaciones sufrieron otros cambios (como la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21943/por-qu%C3%A9-del-lat%C3%ADn-teneo-qued%C3%B3-espa%C3%B1ol-tengo-con-una-g-intercalada/21949#21949&quot;&gt;inserción de una /g/ epentética en la primera persona&lt;/a&gt; a la que se refería otra pregunta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya se dijo, la /b/ intervocálica en general no se perdió como la /d/, pero hubo excepciones, y una de ellas fue el verbo &quot;haber&quot; (escrito muchas veces &lt;em&gt;haver&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aver&lt;/em&gt;), posiblemente porque era de uso muy frecuente. Las palabras muy usadas tienden, en todas las lenguas, a ser acortadas y a preservar irregularidades (las irregularidades pueden contribuir, incluso, a que esas formas abreviadas sean distinguibles unas de otras). Desde el momento en que &quot;haber&quot; pasó a usarse como auxiliar para los tiempos compuestos se volvió omnipresente y las formas regulares se fueron erosionando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera persona singular del presente de &lt;em&gt;habēre&lt;/em&gt; era &lt;em&gt;habeō&lt;/em&gt;, que dio [aβi̯o] y luego, con la caída de la fricativa labial, [ai̯o]. Las otras formas del singular, &lt;em&gt;habēs&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;habet&lt;/em&gt;, dieron [aes] y [at] luego de elidir la fricativa. Sólo las formas de 1era. y 2da. pl., &lt;em&gt;habēmus&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;habētis&lt;/em&gt;, conservaron alternativas largas, dando [aβemos]/[emos] y [aβei̯s]/[ei̯s]; la 3era. pl. &lt;em&gt;habent&lt;/em&gt; se simplificó drásticamente [aβent] &gt; [ant]. Estas formas se simplificaron todavía más de las maneras habituales: [aes] se acortó a [as] y [at] y [ant] perdieron la oclusiva final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único realmente radical que ocurrió después fue que la 1era. sing. perdió de sopetón la /o/ final; así [ai̯o] pasó a [ai̯], que por simplificación regular de los diptongos pasó a [e] (hoy escrito &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final quedamos con la conjugación actual, con la única rareza de que para la 1era. pl. conservamos las alternativas &lt;em&gt;habemos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hemos&lt;/em&gt;, y en la 2da. pl. quedó la forma larga &lt;em&gt;habéis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma impersonal &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; tiene también una historia curiosa. Una forma de decir en latín que &quot;había algo en un lugar&quot; era emplear la locución &lt;em&gt;habet ibi&lt;/em&gt;, que significaba literalmente &quot;tiene allí&quot;. Ese &lt;em&gt;ibi&lt;/em&gt; es el origen del sonido [i̯] que hoy escribimos como &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;. Es también el origen de la partícula &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; en francés, que aparece en &lt;em&gt;il y a&lt;/em&gt; (compárese &lt;em&gt;Il a une voiture&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Él tiene un automóvil&quot; vs. &lt;em&gt;Il y a une voiture là&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Hay un automóvil allá&quot;). Algo similar ocurre en inglés, donde el &quot;haber algo en un lugar&quot; se expresa usando el demostrativo &lt;em&gt;there&lt;/em&gt; más el verbo &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;, que funciona como auxiliar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;em&gt;Del latín al español. I. Fonología y morfología históricas de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, de Paul M. Lloyd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T22:15:58.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21967" CreationDate="2017-08-29T02:47:34.847" Score="13" ViewCount="54989" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer, (re)leyendo uno de sus libros con mi hijo (una de esas historias en las que con cada letra del abecedario buscan un animal) me sorprendió que decía el libro que no habían podido encontrar ningún animal cuyo nombre empezara con la &lt;code&gt;w&lt;/code&gt;, y que se lo inventaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No existe ningún nombre de animal en español que empiece por la letra &lt;code&gt;w&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T08:08:52.557" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T19:31:58.747" Title="¿Existe un nombre de animal que empiece por la letra &quot;W&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20730" CreationDate="2017-08-29T06:57:18.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión y dado que no he podido cotejarlo en ningún sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estar podrido de dinero = Tener mucho dinero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo es sencillo. Si riegas mucho una planta que está en una maceta se pudre. Se pudre porque el agua se estanca, lo cuál forma bacterias. Las bacterias proliferan cuando hay humedad y sol, las plantas necesitan sol por lo que generalmente será necesario el solo para que crezcan. &lt;strong&gt;Así se forma un círculo vicioso en el que elementos beneficiosos se vuelven perjudiciales&lt;/strong&gt;. El agua y el sol producen que la raiz de la planta se pudra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ese mismo proceso ocurre con el dinero. El dinero no es algo malo, sino necesario para poder vivir pero el dinero corrompe, al igual que el agua estancada pudre la raíz.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos casos una persona que tiene demasiado dinero se dice que está &quot;podrida de dinero&quot; porque tiene tanto que ha hecho que no sea como los demás. La forma que tiene de ver las cosas es distinta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T06:57:18.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-29T07:02:03.917" Score="3" ViewCount="1620" Body="&lt;p&gt;No suelo utilizar este tipo de coloquialismo pero desde que soy pequeño he escuchado cómo la palabra &quot;fusca&quot; se utiliza como sinónimo de &quot;dinero&quot;. Lo he oído mencionar así en Madrid, España. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de no encontrar referencia escrita es lo que me impulsa a realizar esta pregunta porque la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=IdyosrI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fusca&lt;/a&gt; según la RAE es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fusco, ca &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. fuscus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. p. us. Oscuro, que tira a negro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. jerg. fusca (‖ pistola).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. jerg. pistola (‖ arma de fuego corta).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pato negro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ext. y Sal. Maleza, hojarasca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esta definición nada tiene que ver con el uso de &quot;fusca&quot; como significado de dinero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿cómo llegó esta palabra a transformarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T10:55:24.120" LastActivityDate="2019-08-11T21:32:23.597" Title="&quot;Fusca&quot; como coloquialismo español para hablar de dinero. ¿Cuál es el origen?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T07:14:49.303" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WOMBAT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE no aparece la palabra &quot;Wombat&quot; ni tampoco &quot;Vombátido&quot;. A efectos prácticos no he encontrado forma de llamar a este animal si no es usando su nombre original &quot;Wombat&quot; o &quot;Uombat&quot;. El la mayoría de los casos se refiere a este animal utilizando la W.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los vombátidos (Vombatidae) son una familia de marsupiales&#xA;  diprotodontos, conocidos comúnmente como wombats o uómbats. Se&#xA;  encuentran solo en Australia, incluida Tasmania, y tienen la&#xA;  apariencia de un oso musculado, pequeño y de patas muy cortas.&#xA;  Actualmente existen tres especies de wombats con vida, todas las&#xA;  cuales miden alrededor de un metro y pesan entre 20 y 35 kg. Su color&#xA;  de piel varía del beige al marrón y del negro al grís. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vombatidae&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qgFCP.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qgFCP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T07:14:49.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T07:21:39.567" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21079/13628&quot;&gt;la letra W no entró a formar parte del alfabeto español hasta hace apenas 50 años&lt;/a&gt;, mientras que la inmensa mayoría de los nombres de animales en español son muy anteriores a eso. Salvo que haya sido descubierto en el último medio siglo, cualquier nombre de animal que originalmente empezase por W habrá sufrido un proceso de castellanización para hacerlo empezar por B, V, o U.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Dicho lo cual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Wallaby&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE no aparece la palabra &lt;em&gt;wallaby&lt;/em&gt;, pero tampoco aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=ualab%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ualabí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que es como se supone que se dice en español (EDIT: ver nota al pie sobre esto). Así que, puestos a llamarlo de alguna manera, mejor hacerlo como en su tierra natal (al fin y al cabo, si escribimos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=waterpolo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;waterpolo&lt;/a&gt;, no veo por qué no íbamos a escribir &lt;em&gt;wallaby&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ualabíes (del inglés &lt;em&gt;wallaby&lt;/em&gt;) son marsupiales propios de Australia y de la isla de Nueva Guinea. Sus dimensiones son menores que las de los canguros, alcanzando 1,2 m de longitud, y un peso que ronda entre 1 kg (ualabí rupestre) a 42 kg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ualab%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Red-Necked_Wallaby_Side.JPG/250px-Red-Necked_Wallaby_Side.JPG&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;wallaby&lt;/em&gt; frente a &lt;em&gt;ualabí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Indica Gorpik: &lt;em&gt;«Si buscas ualabí en Google te salen casi cien mil referencias. Es una grafía asentada en zoología»&lt;/em&gt;. No lo discuto. También es cierto que, puestos a buscar en Google, si buscas &amp;quot;wallaby&amp;quot; filtrando por páginas en español, te salen más de cuatrocientas mil; y más de ciento sesenta mil para &amp;quot;walabí&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Por otra parte, preguntado NGRAM por &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=wallaby%2C+walab%C3%AD%2C+ualab%C3%AD&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2017&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cwallaby%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;apariciones de &amp;quot;wallaby&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;walabí&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ualabí&amp;quot; en el corpus de español&lt;/a&gt;, dice que solo aparece el primero. Incluso el CREA de la RAE saca una coincidencia para &amp;quot;wallaby&amp;quot; pero ninguna para &amp;quot;ualabí&amp;quot; ni para &amp;quot;walabí&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Sin perjuicio de &lt;em&gt;ualabí&lt;/em&gt;, creo que &lt;em&gt;wallaby&lt;/em&gt; es una forma suficientemente extendida en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T14:32:00.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21968" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22111" CreationDate="2017-08-29T08:54:19.067" Score="3" ViewCount="5590" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar por saco&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is a synonym for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=culo#DIbHGip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomar por culo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; which literally means (pardon my French here) &quot;to be fucked in the ass&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Both expressions are normally used to tell the listener to go away, to leave us alone -- similar to the expression &quot;fuck off&quot; in English (which also shares the use of &quot;fuck&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've also seen it used in the form &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar por saco&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (as in &quot;vengo a darte por saco un rato&quot;) meaning &quot;to bother someone&quot; and it is also interchangeable with &quot;dar por culo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it'd seem like &quot;saco&quot; (literally: bag, sac) is just being used as slang for ass.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, looking at the dictionary &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=WwqIKzJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saco&lt;/a&gt;&quot; does not mean ass, nor does it seem to be a slang for it, out of this single saying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So does it really mean what I thought? And if so, how did it came to mean that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T14:23:55.983" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T12:07:29.287" Title="What does &quot;dar / tomar por saco&quot; really mean, and where does it come from?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21968" CreationDate="2017-08-29T11:05:46.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me temo que solo puedo contestar a tu pregunta ¿Qué significa? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión &quot;A tomar por saco&quot; significa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Vete y déjame&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;Vete lejos y déjame tranquilo&quot;, &quot;Vete y no molestes&quot;, &quot;Vete lejos&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión de esta semana &quot;mandar (a alguien) a tomar por saco&quot; es&#xA;  una expresión popular que se utiliza para decirle a una persona que se&#xA;  encuentra en un sitio en el que molesta o que su presencia molesta a&#xA;  otras personas que están en el mismo sitio y quieren que ésta se vaya.&#xA;  Esta definición de esta expresión es similar a la expresión &quot;mandar/ir&#xA;  a freír espárragos&quot;. También se usa para decir que se envía a una&#xA;  persona a un lugar muy lejano, similar a la expresión &quot;irse al quinto&#xA;  pino&quot;.&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsinslowspanish.com/catalog/spanish-expressions-proverbs/203/Mandar-a-tomar-por-saco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sinónimos más soez de esta expresión es, como indicas &quot;vete a tomar por culo&quot; sin embargo, no significa &quot;being fucked in the ass&quot;. El significado es el mismo que el anterior: &quot;Vete y déjame&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos usos de esta expresión son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una persona te está molestando y quieres que deje de hacerlo. Podrías pedirle formalmente &quot;Deja de molestarme&quot; pero, en cambio, le dices &quot;vete a tomar por saco&quot; para que vaya a otra parte. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En una conversación alguien dice algo exagerado, que parece imposible. Ante ello le responder &quot;vete a tomar por saco&quot; en el sentido de &quot;no te lo crees ni tu&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se manda a alguien a tomar por saco cuando queremos faltarle al&#xA;  respeto, cuando queremos que desaparezca o cuando queremos mostrarle&#xA;  nuestro enfado, indignación, profunda decepción, etc.  Es como mandar&#xA;  a la mierda o al carajo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que se vayan a tomar por saco todos los que critican a mi familia. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la policía paró el coche del viejo borracho, éste se bajó y los mandó a tomar por saco.&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/33837-a-tomar-por-saco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigo buscando cómo esta expresión ha derivado así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T14:21:11.187" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T14:21:11.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T11:33:50.477" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;De manera similar a lo que ocurre con las distintas grafías (ualabí / walabi) en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21967/5481&quot;&gt;respuesta de walen&lt;/a&gt;, y o he dado con otro animal, pero presenta los mismos &amp;quot;problemas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uapití o wapití (mejor conocido como &lt;strong&gt;ciervo canadiense&lt;/strong&gt;) es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una especie de mamífero artiodáctilo de la familia de los cérvidos que vive en América del Norte, Asia central y oriental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los primeros exploradores europeos de Norteamérica que no estaban familiarizados con esta especie los confundieron con los alces por su gran tamaño, lo que ha originado cierta confusión con el nombre de esta especie, porque los norteamericanos además de wapiti siguen llamándolo «elk», que en inglés británico significa alce, y a su vez llaman al alce «moose», por lo que a menudo se hacen traducciones incorrectas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra «wapití» procede de la lengua shawnee y significa nalgas blancas, en referencia al color del escudo anal de estos animales.5​ Su nombre científico Cervus canadensis significa en latín ciervo canadiense, y hace referencia a donde fueron observados por primera vez por los colonos europeos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervus_canadensis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QxwY5m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QxwY5m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de no aparecer en el diccionario de la RAE bajo ninguna de estas dos entradas, hay múltiples referencias a estos animales en la red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T11:33:50.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:14:46.863" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subiéndome al carro (y considerando lo bajo que está nuestro ranking de respuestas por pregunta), agrego estos tres que no tienen ninguna ambigüedad con su ortografía, siempre comienzan con W, pero claramente no son palabras españolas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walgettosuchus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Walgettosuchus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Walgettosuchus (“Cocodrilo de &amp;quot;Walgett&amp;quot;”) es un género representado por una única especie de dinosaurio terópodo tetanuro, que vivió a mediados del período Cretácico, hace aproximadamente 100 millones de años, en el Albiense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fAqFl.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fAqFl.png&quot; alt=&quot;imagen Walgettosuchus&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakinosaurus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wakinosaurus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wakinosaurus (“lagarto de Wakino”) es un género representado por una única especie de dinosaurio terópodo carnosaurio, que vivió a finales del período Cretácico, hace aproximadamente entre 135 y 130 millones de años, durante el Hauteriviense y Barremiense, en lo que es hoy Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/apanY.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/apanY.png&quot; alt=&quot;imagen wakinosaurus&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuerhosaurus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wuerhosaurus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wuerhosaurus (&amp;quot;reptil de Wuerho&amp;quot;) es un género de dinosaurios tireóforos estegosáuridos, que vivieron a principios del período Cretácico, hace aproximadamente 135 y 99 millones de años, entre el Valanginiense y el Albiense), en lo que hoy es Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1jnqr.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1jnqr.png&quot; alt=&quot;imagen wuerhosaurus&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:14:46.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:22:30.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de encontrar otro, el &lt;strong&gt;walaró&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay incluso un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macropus_antilopinus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;walaró antílope&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El walaró antílope (Macropus antilopinus) es una especie de marsupial diprotodonto de la familia de los Macropodidae, a veces llamado canguro antílope o walabí antílope, ya que es grande y se parece mucho más a un canguro que un walaró común. Habita en el norte de Australia, en la península de Cabo York en Queensland, el extremo del Territorio del Norte, y la región de Kimberley en Australia Occidental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LOJp7m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LOJp7m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macropus_robustus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;walaró oriental o común&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El walaró oriental o común (Macropus robustus) es una especie de marsupial diprotodonto de la familia Macropodidae que habita en gran parte del continente australiano. Es una de los macrópodos más grandes y más comunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TtwEhm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TtwEhm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:22:30.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21952" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:53:18.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Forty years ago, there was a freeway off ramp in Caracas, Venezuela that was shown as &quot;El ciempiés&quot; on the road signs.  It was indeed, incredibly convoluted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it's still called that, or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:53:18.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-29T14:18:58.747" Score="3" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are quite many language constructs in (Latin American) Spanish that resemble English. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fuera de servicio - out of service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tener un punto - to have a point&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;marcar la diferencia - to make a difference&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can't be a coincidence. So are these imports to Spanish from English? Or are these Latin constructs that arrived into both, English and Spanish? The latter seems less likely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17528" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T22:04:02.930" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T18:46:44.733" Title="Phrases in Spanish that are almost identical to English - who influenced whom?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21976" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21978" CreationDate="2017-08-29T15:50:25.730" Score="6" ViewCount="785" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna manera de buscar en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; palabras que empiecen o terminen de una determinada manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que en Google, Yahoo y demás buscadores puedes utilizar técnicas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A*&lt;/em&gt; (para indicar que buscas algo que empieza con A y a continuación tiene un número ilimitado de caracteres);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ceb*&lt;/em&gt; (igual que el anterior pero la palabra empieza con CEB, como resultado obtendrías: cebada, cebar, cebo, cebolla...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible hacer este tipo de búsqueda en el Diccionario de la RAE? ¿Cómo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T21:15:34.937" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T21:15:34.937" Title="¿Se pueden buscar en el DLE palabras que empiecen o terminen de una determinada manera?" Tags="&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21976" CreationDate="2017-08-29T16:23:46.403" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, hay varios criterios de búsqueda en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=diccionario&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si pinchas en el campo donde dice «por palabras» al lado del cuadro de búsqueda te dará varias opciones: palabra exacta, empieza por, termina en...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo una imagen con el desplegable abierto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YQWX1.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YQWX1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T16:32:22.947" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T16:32:22.947" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2017-08-29T21:51:18.533" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al final vamos a tener mas animales que empiezan con w que con cualquier otra letra. Uno más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los wetas son grandes ortópteros, nocturnos y ápteros originarios de&#xA;  Nueva Zelanda. Algunos de ellos se encuentran entre los insectos más&#xA;  grandes y pesados (el weta gigante (Deinacrida), por ejemplo) y se&#xA;  cree que son especies muy antiguas, ya que se han hallado fósiles de&#xA;  criaturas parecidas del Triásico, que vivieron hace 180-190 millones&#xA;  de años en Queensland (Australia). Miden aproximadamente 10 cm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jK4L3.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jK4L3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T06:40:44.713" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T06:40:44.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2017-08-29T22:55:13.587" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, he escuchado frecuentemente a la gente que trabaja áreas relacionadas con finanzas y mercado de valores, referirse a un kilo como millón, aunque usado solamente en conversaciones informales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, un kilo de pesos, se refiere a un millón de pesos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera de ese ambiente, no lo he escuchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T22:55:13.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21984" CreationDate="2017-08-30T02:21:28.080" Score="4" ViewCount="661" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bienvenidos al festival del solsticio de Omelas, la utópica y reluciente ciudad de increíble felicidad y placer. Omelas tiene pocas leyes, pues sus habitantes, inteligentes, sofisticados y cultos, tienen poca necesidad de ellas. Omelas carece de reyes, sacerdotes, soldados o esclavos. Los habitantes de Omelas son gentes auténticamente felices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que Omelas suena en mis palabras como una ciudad de un cuento de hadas. ¿Creen ustedes todo esto? ¿Aceptan la realidad de esta celebración, de esta ciudad, de esta alegría? ¿No? Entonces déjenme describirles algo más. El precio de la felicidad de Omelas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They all know it is there, all the people of Omelas. Some of them have come to see it, others are content merely to know it is there. They all know that it has to be there. Some of them understand why, and some do not, but they all understand that their happiness, the beauty of their city, the tenderness of their friendships, the health of their children, the wisdom of their scholars, the skill of their makers, even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies, depend wholly on this child's abominable misery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posible traducción al español (386 caracteres):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Todos saben que está allá, todos los habitantes de Omelas. Algunos han venido a verlo, otros se contentan simplemente con saber que está ahí. Algunos comprenden por qué, otros no, pero todos comprenden que su felicidad, la belleza de su ciudad, el afecto de sus relaciones, la salud de sus hijos, la sabiduría de sus sabios, el talento de sus artistas, incluso la abundancia de sus cosechas y la clemencia de su clima dependen completamente de la abominable miseria de aquel niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;, la traducción con menor número de caracteres que respete el sentido del texto original gana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ones_Who_Walk_Away_from_Omelas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas&lt;/a&gt; (en español, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_que_se_alejan_de_Omelas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los que se van de Omelas&lt;/a&gt;) es un relato corto de Ursula K. Le Guin. Sus descripciones, a la vez vagas y vívidas, presentan una buena selección de fragmentos que harían buen material para el &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El fragmento que he escogido es un poco largo, pero aprovecho que es el último &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; del verano, y alguno anda aburrido y con tiempo de sobra, antes de la &quot;vuelta al cole&quot; en septiembre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, espero que a alguien le pique la curiosidad y se lea el relato completo (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utilitarianism.com/nu/omelas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disponible aquí en inglés&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://antologiasinpoesia.blogspot.com/2013/07/los-que-se-van-de-omelas-de-ursula-k-le.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí en español&lt;/a&gt;), que es uno de mis relatos favoritos sobre el precio de la felicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que ustedes lo disfruten (tanto el relato como esta edición del &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T13:46:11.580" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T07:22:28.250" Title="Translation Golf XVI - Los que se van de Omelas" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T02:21:37.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-08-30T07:32:05.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;383  274&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strong&gt;254 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los Omelas lo saben, aunque no todos han venido, a algunos les basta saberlo. La mayoría capta que la felicidad, la belleza, el afecto, la salud, la sabiduría y el talento correspondientes a olmelitas, ciudad, relaciones, hijos, sabios y artistas, incluso cosechas y la merced del clima dependen de la miseria del niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He agrupado las 3 primeras frases con la idea que contienen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He cambiado la parte de unos entienden, otros no, pero todos entienden por &quot;la mayoría capta&quot;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera vez que participo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T15:05:26.227" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T15:05:26.227" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T07:32:05.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-08-30T07:36:57.023" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;301 295 228 216 194 190 169 147 135&lt;/strike&gt; 117 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño está: debe. Su ruina es el bien de amistades, hijos, doctos, obreros, mies, cielo; beldad y ventura. Todo Omelas (viera, acepte, entienda o no) sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;They all know it is there, all the people of Omelas.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; El niño está: (...) Todo Omelas (...) sabe.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Some of them have come to see it,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; Todo Omelas (viera (...) o no)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;others are content merely to know it is there.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; Todo Omelas (acepte (...) o no)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;They all know that it has to be there.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; El niño está: debe. (...) Todo Omelas (...) sabe.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Some of them understand why, and some do not,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; Todo Omelas ((...) entienda o no)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;but they all understand that [enumeration] depend wholly on this child's abominable misery.&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; El niño (...). Su ruina es [enumeración]. Todo Omelas (...) sabe.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;their happiness,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; ventura&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the beauty of their city,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; beldad&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the tenderness of their friendships,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de amistades&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the health of their children,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de (...) hijos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the wisdom of their scholars,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de (...) doctos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the skill of their makers,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de (...) obreros&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;even the abundance of their harvest&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de (...) mies&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;and the kindly weathers of their skies,&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;gt; el bien de (...) cielo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La enumeración del original describe lo más importante de cada cosa, la cualidad principal, lo que hace que sea bueno, su &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bien&lt;/a&gt;. El bien de la amistad es el cariño. El bien de los hijos es que estén sanos. El bien de los doctos es la sabiduría. El bien del obrero es su habilidad. El bien de la cosecha es ser abundante. El bien del cielo es que haga buen tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;El resto de explicaciones se pueden ver en el historial de ediciones.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T07:22:28.250" CommentCount="12" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T07:36:57.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-08-30T07:42:40.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;350 310 300 289 226 210 194 183 169 159 140&lt;/strike&gt; 123 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La dicha, bella ciudad, amistad, hijos sanos, sabios, artistas,&#xA;  gran siega y buen clima de Omelas nacen del drama del niño, lo saben,&#xA;  debe estar, aun sin verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;aun sin verlo&lt;/em&gt; del final juego con dos significados diferentes a la vez (¿es trampa?) ya que por una parte no todos van a ver al niño y algunos no entienden el porqué de todo eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T11:54:32.777" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:54:32.777" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T07:42:40.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20262" CreationDate="2017-08-30T09:19:00.653" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Se usaba en alguna otra palabra además de suelta?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No solo en &quot;alguna otra palabra&quot;, sino en una importantísima para la evolución del español actual: &lt;strong&gt;el antiguo pretérito imperfecto del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por Dios, amigo, si yo tal cosa fiziesse, &lt;strong&gt;seervos ýa&lt;/strong&gt; muy falso amigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Juan Manuel, &lt;em&gt;Lucanor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E &lt;strong&gt;seguirse ýan&lt;/strong&gt; a esta opinión ynposible otros ynconvinientes ynnumerables.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;A. Torre, &lt;em&gt;Visión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Y &lt;strong&gt;marauillarte ýas&lt;/strong&gt; si demás que desesperado me metiesse yo aquí hermitaño?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Valdés, &lt;em&gt;Mercurio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De este uso proviene la desinencia &lt;strong&gt;-ía&lt;/strong&gt; con la que se forma hoy día &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGKVlTpykzCxbIgl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el condicional simple&lt;/a&gt; (véase 23.15c).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La evolución de los ejemplos anteriores sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;seer(vos) &lt;strong&gt;ýa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ser(vos) &lt;strong&gt;hía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; (os) ser&lt;strong&gt;ía&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;seguir(se) &lt;strong&gt;ýan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;seguir(se) &lt;strong&gt;hían&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; (se) seguir&lt;strong&gt;ían&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;marauillar(te) &lt;strong&gt;ýas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;maravillar(te) &lt;strong&gt;hías&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; (te) maravillar&lt;strong&gt;ías&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuándo desapareció?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que las tres formas convivieron durante varios siglos: buscando en el CORDE, tanto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;seguirse ýa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;seguirse hía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se seguiría&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; aparecen en diferentes textos desde mediados del s. XIII hasta principios del s. XVII, momento en que dejan de aparecer las dos primeras (salvo en citas) y en que, entiendo, se estableció la última forma como la correcta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Buscando &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a secas, tampoco salen usos propios más allá del s. XVII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T09:19:00.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21834" CreationDate="2017-08-30T10:36:23.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;BONUS -  Fuera de concurso&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como era mi juego y no podía participar me entretuve un poco haciendo una traducción en una especie de jerga. Conozco gente que habla más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;153 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es chungo salir del sofá. Me traga porque es viejo y blandurrio, y&#xA;luego a ver quién sale. Ese Marcos ahí, sale: &lt;em&gt;¡flop!&lt;/em&gt;, y me ayuda. Me&#xA;narra que ese sofá está canino para jalarse un tío amargo como yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T14:26:29.213" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T10:36:23.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-08-30T11:18:32.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;302&lt;/strike&gt; 300 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo Omelas sabe que está allí; algunos lo han venido a ver, a otros les vale con saberlo. Todos lo aceptan: algunos captan por qué, otros no; pero todos infieren que su felicidad, gracia de su urbe, afecto de sus amigos, salud de su prole, saber de sus doctos, maña de sus obreros, hasta la riqueza de su cosecha y el buen clima, dependen totalmente de la feroz miseria de aquel niño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primera vez... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17339" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T11:18:32.227" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T11:18:32.227" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-08-30T12:37:51.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traducción rapidita, lo siento si se parece mucho a alguna otra, esta vez no he leído ninguna con tal de no &quot;contaminarme&quot;. A ver si luego hago otra tomando unas pocas libertades que he visto posibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;371 364&lt;/strike&gt; 353 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo Omelas sabe que está ahí. Unos vienen a verlo, otros se bastan con saber que está. Todos saben que debe estar, aunque no todos lo entienden. Pero todos entienden que su felicidad, la belleza de su ciudad, la ternura de sus amistades, la salud de sus hijos, la sabiduría de sus sabios, la habilidad de sus productores, incluso la abundancia de sus cosechas y la bondad del tiempo, dependen completamente de la abominable miseria del niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;al decir &lt;code&gt;aunque no todos&lt;/code&gt;, se puede asumir que algunos si, por lo que no se pierde el sentido original de &quot;algunos si entienden, otros no&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corrijo &quot;todo amelas saben&quot; por &quot;todo amelas sabe&quot;, fallo tonto, pero metía un caracter mas :p&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;otros se contentan&quot; por &quot;otros se bastan&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;algunos vienen&quot; por &quot;unos vienen&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio &quot;Aunque no todos entienden por qué&quot; por &quot;aunque no todos lo entienden&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="14936" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T10:52:46.797" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T10:52:46.797" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-30T12:37:51.307" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21959" CreationDate="2017-08-30T15:38:15.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agrego la explicación larga por si alguien no acaba de comprender la autorespuesta de Aaron, que es la correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;em&gt;mecha&lt;/em&gt; es una &amp;quot;cuerda&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;tira&amp;quot;. Parece que proviene del francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;mèche&lt;/em&gt;, que significa lo mismo. Por ejemplo se llama &lt;em&gt;mecha&lt;/em&gt; la cuerda de algodón que va dentro de las velas y de los cartuchos de dinamita, a cuya punta se prende fuego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tienes un grupo de mechas y las separas en otro grupo más pequeño, obtienes un &lt;em&gt;mechón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como un cabello es similar a una cuerda (o mejor dicho es un tipo de cuerda), podemos hablar de una mecha o mechón de pelo. Esta metáfora está recogida en el diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las mechas y mechones con el significado de &amp;quot;pelos&amp;quot; están abundantemente presentes en el &lt;strong&gt;habla chilena tradicional&lt;/strong&gt;. Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mechonear&lt;/strong&gt;: tirarle el pelo a alguien. Sobre todo hablando de peleas entre mujeres o cuando un padre amonesta a su hijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;irse a las mechas&lt;/strong&gt;: pasar de la discusión a los golpes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;esto es &lt;strong&gt;tirado de las mechas&lt;/strong&gt;: es absurdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es un &lt;strong&gt;mechas tiesas&lt;/strong&gt; (o tiene las mechas tiesas): tiene el pelo grueso, o es de condición humilde, o es terco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, &lt;em&gt;mechonear&lt;/em&gt; ya existía antes con el significado de &amp;quot;tirar el pelo&amp;quot; (esto aparece por lo menos en un diccionario de modismos de 1875). Entonces, cuando apareció el concepto de &lt;em&gt;mechón&lt;/em&gt; como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;estudiante de primer año de la universidad&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, el uso de la familia de palabras mech- ya estaba bien asentado. A los alumnos recién ingresados a la universidad, como parte de la novatada, se les cortaba el pelo, y por sinécdoque se les empezó a llamar los &lt;em&gt;mechones&lt;/em&gt;. La ceremonia se llamó &lt;em&gt;mechoneo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explico todo esto para que quede claro que en el origen hubo un juego de palabras que involucraba, además del corte de mechas, el ser &amp;quot;vapuleado&amp;quot;. La primera referencia a esta tradición que encuentro buscando en la Internet es de la Universidad de Concepción en 1955. Actualmente la ceremonia de mechoneo no es ni muy ceremoniosa ni involucra las mechas de pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si en los demás países es frecuente el uso de mechas para hablar de pelo, aunque sé que actualmente se refiere sobre todo a un estilo de teñido capilar por secciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T15:46:44.400" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-30T20:40:45.917" Score="5" ViewCount="3868" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis compañeros de Perú suelen decir &quot;Puta madre&quot; cuando se enfadan o molestan.&#xA;Algo que equivale a &quot;mierda&quot; o &quot;joder&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España los españoles dicen que eso suena muy raro y así no se dice. Lo mismo ocurre con la gente de otros países hispanohablantes: dicen que tampoco en su país se dice así. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nadie tiene problema con entender el contexto cuando lo digo pero nadie lo usa menos gente de Perú. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo suele ser en vuestros países?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tenéis la misma experiencia que yo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Tengo razón que así dicen solo los peruanos? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17540" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:20:19.520" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:20:19.520" Title="¿Se usa solamente en Perú &quot;puta madre&quot; como palabrota?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21996" CreationDate="2017-08-30T22:06:37.930" Score="4" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a web site that is internationalized for &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Mexican Spanish&lt;/em&gt;.  The site displays messages to users when they do something wrong on a form (i.e. validation messages).  If they enter a date that is outside of a valid date range, the web site creates a message like the following (using English or Spanish based on the user's language preference):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Date must occur on or between 05/21/2017 and 06/20/2017&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fecha debe ocurrir en o entre 05/21/2017 y 06/20/2017&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure the phrase the site builds for Spanish is correct. I have the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the date format correct for a Mexican Spanish speaker?  I am aware of the Spanish way of expressing dates (i.e. day first) but since Mexican Spanish speakers deal with American English so frequently, I'm not sure. Should the dates be expressed as &quot;21/05/2017&quot; and &quot;20/06/2017&quot;?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should &quot;el&quot; precede both dates?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it better to say &quot;debe tener lugar entre&quot; instead of &quot;debe ocurrir en o entre&quot;?  Valid dates include the start and end dates in the range.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17541" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T23:34:54.540" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T23:34:54.540" Title="What is the proper way to express date durations?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21991" CreationDate="2017-08-30T22:49:31.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, el sentido de &quot;puta madre&quot; depende en realidad de qué palabras vayan antes, e incluso de la intención y contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; puta madre&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o simplemente &lt;em&gt;&quot;puta madre&quot;&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir que algo es muy bueno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por el contrario, &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; puta madre&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es un insulto...&#xA;casi siempre (puedes leer más sobre esto aquí mismo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21126/13628&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es el origen y verdadero significado de la expresi&amp;#243;n &amp;quot;de puta madre&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, sí que es cierto que, a veces, en España se usa &quot;su puta madre&quot; sin referirse a nadie en particular, solo como expresión de fastidio, similar al &quot;mierda&quot; o &quot;joder&quot; que indicas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo: se te cae un martillo en un pie y exclamas: &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Su puta madre, qué dolor!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Técnicamente te refieres al martillo, pero el martillo no tiene madre y lo sabes; es solo un expletivo más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &quot;puta madre&quot;, a secas, siempre se interpreta como si tuviera &quot;de&quot; delante y, por tanto, siempre en positivo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La única manera en que se podría usar en negativo, sería a base de sarcasmo: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Genial, se me ha vuelto a perder la cartera, (de) puta madre. A ver cómo pago el taxi ahora&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T22:54:53.150" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T22:54:53.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21991" CreationDate="2017-08-30T23:03:01.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por experiencia personal puedo indicar que en Guatemala los contextos en que se utiliza es como grosería e insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que suele utilizarse para indicar enfado de la misma forma que en Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15214" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T23:03:01.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21" CreationDate="2017-08-30T23:25:56.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nada especial&quot; es la respuesta cuando alguien te pregunta &quot;¿Quiúbole?&quot; y se usa mucho en Colombia. A mí me encanta usarla. Por desgracia, se considera una frase de mal gusto para la mayoría de la genta hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17544" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T23:40:42.763" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T23:40:42.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21992" CreationDate="2017-08-30T23:33:34.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is the date format correct for a Mexican Spanish speaker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically speaking, it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=fecha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recommended&lt;/a&gt; that the form &lt;em&gt;dd/mm/yyyy&lt;/em&gt; is used in every Spanish-speaking country. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecha#La_fecha_en_los_distintos_pa.C3.ADses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, Mexico does follow said format. I guess most Mexicans would find any other format wrong.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't mean that a &lt;em&gt;mm/dd/yyyy&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't be understood. It probably would... as long as the day is past the 12th of the month (05/20/2017 is clear, 05/08/2017 not so much). So better stick to the Spanish format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should &quot;el&quot; precede both dates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be more correct, yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it better to say &quot;debe tener lugar entre&quot; instead of &quot;debe ocurrir en o entre&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really. They mean about the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T23:33:34.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18084" CreationDate="2017-08-31T00:43:29.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que puede venir del celebérrimo Lazarillo de Tormes que tras jugársela al ciego le grita que bien olió la longaniza pero no olió el poste, y repite &quot;ole, ole ahora&quot;, ignoro si hay uso de este término antes del 1500 pero si no yo apostaría por este origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17546" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T00:43:29.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19749" CreationDate="2017-08-31T02:38:38.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las interjecciones son palabras cuya función es expresar sentimientos (¡ay!), impresiones (¡oh!), reacciones (¡ah!), sonidos que queremos imitar (¡buaaaaa!) o que utilizamos para formular verbalmente comportamientos y relaciones sociales (¡hola!)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las interjecciones se pueden clasificar según su &lt;em&gt;origen&lt;/em&gt; o según su &lt;em&gt;forma&lt;/em&gt;. Según su origen &lt;code&gt;anda&lt;/code&gt; sería una interjección impropia (que proceden de otras categorías gramaticales como sustantivos, &lt;strong&gt;verbos&lt;/strong&gt;, adjetivos, etc). Según su forma sería una interjección de traslación (palabras o grupos de palabras que en sí no son interjecciones pero que pueden ser utilizadas como tales de forma aislada. &lt;em&gt;¡Hombre!, ¡Anda!&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El aspecto más interesante de &lt;code&gt;¡Anda!&lt;/code&gt; no es que sea una forma verbal en imperativo, si no que es un &lt;strong&gt;verbo de movimiento&lt;/strong&gt;. Las interjecciones que provienen de verbos de movimiento pueden expresar el estado cognitivo o emocional del hablante. La experiencia corporal (como el movimiento) sirve como fuente para el vocabulario de estados psicológicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sucede algo muy similar con otras interjecciones provenientes de verbos de movimiento&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La interjección &lt;code&gt;¡Anda!&lt;/code&gt; puede expresar admiración, sorpresa, reproche, incredulidad, rechazo, protesta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La interjección &lt;code&gt;¡Vamos!&lt;/code&gt; puede expresar protesta, rechazo, desagrado, acuerdo/desacuerdo, apoyo o enfado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La interjección &lt;code&gt;¡Vaya!&lt;/code&gt; puede expresar sorpresa, protesta, incredulidad, desagrado, acuerdo moderado, intensificador ponderativo, enfado, lamento o compasión.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La interjección &lt;code&gt;¡Venga!&lt;/code&gt; puede incredulidad, rechazo, acuerdo/desacuerdo y agradecimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que esas interjecciones están representando un cambio (movimiento) en el estado cognitivo del hablante. &lt;code&gt;El origen de todas estas interjecciones sería, de acuerdo a esta teoría, común: expresarían el &quot;movimiento emocional&quot; del hablante para expresar el grado de certidumbre o duda con respecto a lo hablado o lo ocurrido o una valoración apreciativa de lo mismo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.jyu.fi/~torremor/cursos/gramatica/240.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gramática básica para el uso del español: Capítulo 24º Interjecciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=SAxEDQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA124&amp;amp;lpg=PA124&amp;amp;dq=anda%20expresar%20sorpresa&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=UyC_UUe6I8&amp;amp;sig=n6KMbegXIhTfkfOEyktc0skaCMg&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjytbnJ6P_VAhVEzIMKHUrYA_cQ6AEIVTAK#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=anda%20expresar%20sorpresa&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sanne Tanghe, Marcadores derivados de verbos de movimiento: Una aproximación cognitiva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T02:38:38.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21999" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22004" CreationDate="2017-08-31T02:52:46.197" Score="5" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de las cosas que más mortificaba a mi mujer durante nuestra última visita a España es el uso de &amp;quot;gorda&amp;quot; para referirse a las embarazadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, qué gorda (o gordita) estás ya. ¿Cuándo decías que salías de cuentas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella, como nativa angloparlante, está acostumbrada al sutil matiz que existe en inglés entre decirle a una persona que es/está &lt;code&gt;big&lt;/code&gt; y decirle que es/está &lt;code&gt;fat&lt;/code&gt;. En inglés, nadie (en su sano juicio) le diría a una embarazada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, you are/ you look &lt;strong&gt;so fat&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, you are/ you look &lt;strong&gt;so big&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, consultando el DLE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JLSh4xE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gordo, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Bol. y Chile. Dicho de una mujer: preñada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sé por experiencia que eso ocurre en España, no solo en Bolivia y Chile. Parece ser que a pesar de las connotaciones negativas que el adjetivo &lt;code&gt;gordo&lt;/code&gt; tiene en referencia al aspecto físico, el término pierde cierta connotación peyorativa (o se usa de forma descuidada) al referirse a embarazadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿es un fenómeno extendido en todos los países hispanoparlantes el referirse a las mujeres embarazadas como &amp;quot;gordas&amp;quot; o decir que están &amp;quot;gordas&amp;quot; (en oposición por ejemplo a decir que están &amp;quot;grandes&amp;quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T23:03:55.670" Title="Uso de &quot;gorda&quot; para referirse a las embarazadas en países hispanoparlantes" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22016" CreationDate="2017-08-31T11:18:25.310" Score="6" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy trabajando en un proyecto y no me termina de gustar la traducción de &amp;quot;assumptions&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;supuestos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase que quiero traducir es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are a list of assumptions. Upon agreement and signature of this document, all parties acknowledge that these assumptions are true and correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que su traducción al español sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente es una lista de supuestos. A partir del acuerdo y firma de este documento, todas las partes reconocen que estos supuesto son verdaderos y correctos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no me termina de convencer la palabra &lt;em&gt;supuestos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/assumption&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Assumption&lt;/a&gt;: a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YmdRwDm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Supuesto&lt;/a&gt;: Considerado real o verdadero sin la seguridad de que lo sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;supuesto&lt;/em&gt; me parece que le falta la parte de &amp;quot;algo aceptado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T01:28:17.723" Title="Traducción de &quot;assumption&quot; diferente a &quot;supuestos&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22005" CreationDate="2017-08-31T11:26:58.437" Score="8" ViewCount="3150" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de esta pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20836/se-usa-kilo-como-mill%C3%B3n-en-hispanoam%C3%A9rica&quot;&gt;¿Se usa “kilo” como “millón” en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/a&gt; me surgió una similar recordando algo que escuché hace años. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para quien no lo sepa, en España, cuando teníamos pesetas llamábamos &lt;em&gt;duro&lt;/em&gt; a la moneda de 5 pesetas, lo utilizabamos también como medida de referencia: cinco duros, veinte duros,... mucha gente incluso en cifras más grandes: 10.000 duros, 20.000 duros, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que la expresión &lt;em&gt;no tengo (ni) un duro&lt;/em&gt; para decir que no tienes dinero era muy común, hoy todavía se usa. Lo que me extrañó es oírsela a un colombiano (quizá no era colombiano pero español seguro que no) hace como 20 años. ¿Se la escuchó decir a algún español y se la apropió o se utiliza en Colombia u otros países de América?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T21:41:04.850" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:53:01.833" Title="¿Se entiende &quot;no tengo ni un duro&quot; en Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22001" CreationDate="2017-08-31T11:31:16.413" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La traducción está bien. El uso de &quot;supuestos&quot; es correcto.&lt;/strong&gt; Las frases &lt;em&gt;&quot;accepted as true&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&quot;considerado verdadero&quot;&lt;/em&gt; significan lo mismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Quizá estás viendo en &lt;em&gt;accept&lt;/em&gt; una connotación relativa a aceptar y firmar el contrato, pero creo que eso es porque vas condicionado por el contexto. El uso de &lt;em&gt;assumption&lt;/em&gt; no se limita a los contratos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, si no te gusta &quot;supuestos&quot;, puedes usar sinónimos como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=suposici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;suposiciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=presuposici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;presuposiciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (pero nunca Ⓧ&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=asunci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;asunciones&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T11:31:16.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21999" CreationDate="2017-08-31T12:31:03.483" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hablando por Argentina, la respuesta sería &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, no es cortés ni habitual referirse a una mujer embarazada como &lt;em&gt;gorda&lt;/em&gt;. Sólo se puede socialmente hablar de gordura con una mujer embarazada en términos que impliquen preocupación o apreciación de su estado, no usando el adjetivo directamente, en forma interrogativa, y con frecuencia sólo &lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt; de haber terminado el embarazo. El ejemplo más claro: nos encontramos con una amiga que está embarazada y la vemos demasiado gorda (o demasiado flaca) para la etapa de la gestación en la que está. Preguntamos entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto engordaste hasta ahora?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto subiste de peso hasta ahora?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O si tenemos más confianza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me parece que engordaste muy rápido, ¿qué dice el obstetra?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Subiste un montón de peso en el último mes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Qué gorda que estás!&lt;/em&gt; (← sólo entre íntimos y con tono de fiesta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en otras partes &lt;em&gt;gordo/a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;gordi&lt;/em&gt; también se usan como apelativos entre amigos y en pareja, pero la referencia no es realmente al aspecto físico. (Se dice &lt;em&gt;flaco/a&lt;/em&gt; también. A veces es difícil elegir.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T23:03:55.670" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T23:03:55.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22002" CreationDate="2017-08-31T13:13:40.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el momento solo puedo hablar por Colombia y la respuesta es no. Tal vez el &quot;presunto colombiano&quot; que conociste o no lo era o estaba &quot;españolizado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí diríamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tengo ni un peso&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estoy en la inmunda&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tengo ni cinco / Estoy sin cinco&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tengo ni en que caerme muerto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estoy &lt;em&gt;líchigo&lt;/em&gt;  (En Antioquia se entiende. En otras regiones &lt;em&gt;líchigo&lt;/em&gt; es tacaño)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:33:08.090" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:33:08.090" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21999" CreationDate="2017-08-31T13:19:53.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia sí se le pude decir a una embarazada que está gorda/gordita. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para embarazadas no usamos &quot;grande&quot; ya que aquí al referirse a adultos &quot;estar grande&quot; es estar &lt;em&gt;viejo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El peligro de usar &quot;estas gorda&quot; es en caso de que sea cierto y la razón NO sea un embarazo. Si a la mujer quien se llama gorda está en embarazo, no hay problema, pero si no lo está, quien la llamó gorda corre &quot;serio peligro&quot; ya que la expresión si es ofensiva en los demás casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tal comentario lo hace regularmente una persona de confianza o con alguna cercanía y con la certeza de que la mujer si está embarazada, lo usual es usar el diminutivo: &lt;em&gt;¡uy como estás de gordita!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:35:47.847" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:35:47.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21991" CreationDate="2017-08-31T13:20:50.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los casos en Chile son los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Puta madre...!&lt;/strong&gt;: alargando un poco la [a] de madre. Es una interjección de enfado suave, no muy ofensiva. Es lo te que dirías a ti mismo si no le pusiste azúcar al café (y te gusta el café con azúcar) o cuando sufres alguna decepción entre gente de confianza. Es equivalente a &lt;em&gt;puta la weá&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo tanto, respondiendo a una de tus preguntas, el uso de &lt;em&gt;puta madre&lt;/em&gt; como expresión de enfado no es exclusivamente peruano, también lo decimos los chilenos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esto es &lt;strong&gt;de puta madre&lt;/strong&gt;: se usa para decir que algo es o está bueno, o es de características superlativas. &lt;em&gt;La nueva consola es de puta madre&lt;/em&gt; significa que es excelente. &lt;em&gt;Es queso está de puta madre&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir que su sabor está muy intenso. Es el mismo uso que @walen indica para España.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Él es &lt;strong&gt;un puta madre&lt;/strong&gt;: quiere decir que la persona es desvergonzada, promiscua o usa un lenguaje obsceno. Es más o menos equivalente a &lt;em&gt;fresco&lt;/em&gt; y a &lt;em&gt;chuchetas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T13:20:50.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21965" CreationDate="2017-08-31T14:26:11.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basándome en mi propia experiencia como madrileño y en el respaldo de los comentarios, me atreveré a decir que &lt;code&gt;fusca&lt;/code&gt; no es sinónimo de dinero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo de cómo se produjo esa conversación me atrevería a decir que o bien tú no oíste bien o que esa persona no usa el término correcto. Como entiendo que quien lo dijo es conocido tuyo, ya has preguntado acerca de ese uso, entiendo que ese alguien no lo está usando bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo por ejemplo oigo a mucha gente usar &quot;quemarse a los &lt;strong&gt;gonso&lt;/strong&gt; (o a lo &lt;em&gt;gonzo&lt;/em&gt;)&quot; cuando al expresión es realmente &quot;quemarse a lo &lt;em&gt;bonzo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodismo_gonzo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;periodismo &lt;em&gt;gonzo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es otra cosa completamente distinta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros sinónimos válidos para &lt;code&gt;dinero&lt;/code&gt;, aunque posiblemente no universales, serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RxLIPqh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parné&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S5QKx5t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Js4Dc5P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guita&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BTctS7T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuartos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;efectivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;metálico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:40:00.640" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:40:00.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22011" CreationDate="2017-08-31T15:20:20.180" Score="3" ViewCount="1006" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was chatting with a friend I wanted to say that I was about to do some exercises and I said &quot;voy a hacer algunos ejercicios de conjunciones básicas&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering that in this case, should I use &quot;sobre conjunciones&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17550" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T15:28:16.360" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T20:16:59.053" Title="prepositions &quot;de&quot; vs &quot;sobre&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21974" CreationDate="2017-08-31T15:21:20.680" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that as a &quot;rule of thumb&quot;, when two expressions are so similar, they have a common &quot;ancestor&quot; in Latin, but it might be impossible to assure for all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases, the meaning might be quite plain simple and literal. Take for example the famous &lt;code&gt;&quot;Not all that glitters is gold&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, which is attributed to Shakespeare's &lt;em&gt;The Merchant of Venice&lt;/em&gt; (believed to have been written between 1596 and 1599). The expression &lt;code&gt;&quot;No es oro todo lo que reluce&quot;&lt;/code&gt; appears in chapter XXXI of Cervantes' &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha&quot; (published in 1605, so people claim that Shakespeare's coined this expression and others just copied/reused it), but in La Celestina (published in 1499) we find the very similar &lt;code&gt;&quot;En la tina, todo lo blanco no es harina&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Which highlight that this expression (or a similar one) is quite popular and common in most modern languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a similar way compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;don't look a gift horse in the mouth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a caballo regalado no se le mira el diente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at a horse's teeth is the best way of knowing if they are healthy. That's why the sayings are so similar. The root of the  meaning is literal but now it gets used for other contexts. Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Better late than never (Spanish version is the literal translation &quot;mejor tarde que nunca)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A man is known by the company he keeps (&quot;Dime con quién andas y te diré quién eres&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes sayings and proverbs might differ in wording, but meaning is the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you run after two hares you will catch neither (Quien mucho abarca, poco aprieta)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Better the devil you know than the devil you don’t know (más vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is an expression/coloquialism (a sentence that doesn't mean the literal meaning of it's words) then you might need to go case by case. I don't think that there is a &quot;one size fits all&quot; solution/explanation for this, and even if we assumed one of the hypothesis (either &quot;it comes from common ancestor&quot;, &quot;meaning is quite literal&quot; or &quot;Language A influenced language B&quot;) there would be plenty of exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=59168&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CVC: No es oro todo lo que reluce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/08/10/articulo/1439209249_359956.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;25 refranes en diferentes idomas&lt;/a&gt; (article in Spanish) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="17528" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T18:46:44.733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T18:46:44.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22009" CreationDate="2017-08-31T15:33:05.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions are tricky but in this case both are ok and you can use either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same as in English when sometimes you can use &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; i.e:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very entertaining for a book &lt;strong&gt;on&lt;/strong&gt; mathematics / Es entretenido para ser un libro &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; matemáticas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very entertaining for a book &lt;strong&gt;about&lt;/strong&gt; mathematics / Es entretenido para ser un libro &lt;strong&gt;sobre&lt;/strong&gt; matemáticas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T20:16:59.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21924" CreationDate="2017-08-31T20:45:20.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el descubrimiento de @blonfu he llegado a un diccionario de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Idiotismos Hispano-Mexicanos&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; de Melchor Ocampo (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjWvfP63YHWAhUMS2MKHT7GBREQFggmMAA&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fcdigital.dgb.uanl.mx%2Fla%2F1080042635_C%2F1080042635_T3%2F1080042635_MA.PDF&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNE4y630FJn2r72OCZQHyzGXmV8NqQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pdf&lt;/a&gt; de 50M), escrito a mediados del siglo XIX, donde aparece la definición que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Balcarra&lt;/strong&gt;. — f. Mechón largo y de pelo que cuelga de las sienes cubriendo las orejas: este peinado es muy antiguo y hoy se conserva todavía entre muchos de nuestros indios. Porción larga y desordenada de cabellos, lanas ó pelos, que cuelga desairadamente. &lt;em&gt;Como borrega de diezmo con más balcarras que alientos&lt;/em&gt;; fr. fam. que se dice de algunos que se hallan en la miseria, en gran necesidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Balcarriento, ta&lt;/strong&gt;.— adj. Lo que tiene balcarras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Balcarrota&lt;/strong&gt;. — f. No es aumentativo, sino isos. de Balcarra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca del origen de la palabra no se dice nada, pero puedo aportar otras dos posibilidades, aparte de la &amp;quot;falcada&amp;quot; propuesta por walen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En Escocia hay (hubo?) una villa llamada Balcarres. La familia Balcarres está involucrada en la colonización de India y Norteamérica. Alexander y James Lindsay, padre e hijo, Condes de Balcarr&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;s fueron gobernadores de Jamaica. Alguno de ellos aparece mencionado en documentos relacionados con la independencia de México y California, como &lt;em&gt;Earl of Balcarr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; (se reemplaza la &amp;quot;e&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;). También hay un Lord Balcarras involucrado en la historia de Cuba. ¿Puede haber una relación con el peinado de esta gente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En Cuba hay un Río Valcarras y una Sierra de Valcarras, cerca de la ciudad de Bayamo. Ahora el problema es saber por qué esos lugares tienen ese nombre. Tal vez porque en la zona habitaban unos hipotéticos &lt;em&gt;indios valcarras&lt;/em&gt; (que se peinaban con valcarras), o porque el español que las bautizó provenía del pueblo de Valcarra, en Galicia, cosa que es probable pero que no tiene ninguna relación con el pelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, son puras especulaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T16:59:20.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22002" CreationDate="2017-09-01T01:08:00.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con @motilio que no se usa en México, pero aún así, cualquiera que hable español puede entender la frase, y eso es lo que se preguntó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos van a entender que &lt;em&gt;duro&lt;/em&gt; es algún tipo de moneda, quizás de España, quizás de antaño.  Pero aún sin entender &lt;em&gt;duro&lt;/em&gt;, si Pedro dice algo de la forma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo ni un _______&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;van a entender que Pedro está sin fondos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T01:08:00.337" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22015" CreationDate="2017-09-01T01:11:56.937" Score="2" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dick Gregory famously said of his childhood, &quot;We weren't poor, just broke.&quot;  Meaning, his family was chronically out of money.  In German you can express the same thing as being &quot;pleite.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a colloquialism for being &lt;em&gt;broke&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;out of money&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a word in the same register as &lt;em&gt;broke&lt;/em&gt;: informal but not vulgar.  A word is okay, or a phrase.  Should be an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not asking for a translation of the Dick Gregory quote; note that &lt;em&gt;estar en la ruina&lt;/em&gt; is much stronger than &lt;em&gt;broke&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;em&gt;Broke&lt;/em&gt; is for when you've run out of money several days before your paycheck comes in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T15:42:50.697" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T15:42:50.697" Title="Casual equivalent of &quot;broke&quot; or German &quot;pleite&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22014" CreationDate="2017-09-01T01:26:46.557" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You say you need an adjective, but the one that comes to my mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quebrado, da.&#xA;Del part. de quebrar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que ha hecho bancarrota (‖ quiebra de una empresa). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;requires the copulative &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot;, and you won't be able to find the pair with &amp;quot;poor&amp;quot; I think you want to form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No éramos pobres -- simplemente &lt;strong&gt;estábamos quebrados&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have prepositional phrases like &amp;quot;en la ruina&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;en la quiebra&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T01:26:46.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22001" CreationDate="2017-09-01T01:28:17.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se puede decir &lt;em&gt;premisas&lt;/em&gt; también.  Una premisa es algo que aceptas como fundamento para luego razonar a partir de eso y llegar a otras ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sí, estoy de acuerdo con @walen que &lt;em&gt;supuestos&lt;/em&gt; está bien, pero si quieres una alternativa, se puede hablar de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cosas que se toman por dado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés esto viene siendo equivalente de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;things that are [a] &lt;strong&gt;given&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los siguientes siete puntos se toman por dado.  Al firmar etc. todos aceptan estos siete puntos como verdaderos y correctos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al firmar etc. todos aceptan las siguientes premisas por dado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cuál será el lenguaje acostumbrado de los documentos legales.  (Se puede usar Google para descubrir frases comunmente usadas.)  Pero muchas veces el lenguaje legal es rebuscado y difícil de entender por los que no manejan ese lenguaje especializado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T01:28:17.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T02:55:30.723" Score="6" ViewCount="1220" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tough love&lt;/code&gt; viene a significar tener &lt;em&gt;mano dura&lt;/em&gt; con los que quieres con el propósito de enseñarles a valerse por sí mismos o a mejorar en algún aspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tough_love&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tough love is an expression used when someone treats another person harshly or sternly with the intent to help them in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most uses, there must be some actual love or feeling of affection behind the harsh or stern treatment to be defined as tough love.For example, genuinely concerned parents refusing to support their drug-addicted child financially until he or she enters drug rehabilitation would be said to be practicing tough love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque yo he usado la expresión &amp;quot;mano dura&amp;quot; en la explicación, alguien puede tener &lt;em&gt;mano dura&lt;/em&gt; con subordinado o enemigos, o con cualquier otra persona con la que no hay ese sentimiento afectivo (cierto que incluso esa definición de wikipedia deja entrever que hay una barrera difusa entre la intención y el sentimiento en cuanto a aplicar este término).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay alguna traducción en español mejor que &amp;quot;mano dura&amp;quot; para &lt;code&gt;tough love&lt;/code&gt;? Algo que deje entrever menor que alguien puede ser estricto con alguien a quien quiere con la intención de beneficiar a esa persona?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T10:36:16.493" Title="Traducción al español para &quot;Tough love&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22017" CreationDate="2017-09-01T05:36:55.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;&quot;amor severo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XkW4kQj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;severo, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sevērus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Riguroso, áspero, duro en el trato o el castigo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Exacto y rígido en la observancia de una ley, un precepto o una regla.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo poner ahora fuentes exactas, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22amor%20severo%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;si buscas en Google&lt;/a&gt; podrás ver que se refiere exactamente al concepto que indicas. Por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/amor+severo.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Linguee&lt;/a&gt; se traduce siempre como &lt;em&gt;tough love&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es una expresión que &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=gnGZg53sCoAC&amp;amp;pg=PA30&amp;amp;lpg=PA30&amp;amp;dq=%22amor%20severo%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=XrDqgy75Lk&amp;amp;sig=oWT9wDdEtFeaXfGbg1_gM2_TXFU&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjM4e-9qIPWAhWJh7QKHZVkBgE4ChDoAQhDMAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22amor%20severo%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya usaba Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;, con lo que su hispanidad está fuera de toda duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T06:15:45.660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T06:15:45.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18712" CreationDate="2017-09-01T08:30:33.133" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;VN tamborinero tenía una mujer tan contraria a su opinión que nunca cosa que le rogara podía acabar con ella que la hiziesse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una vez, yendo de un lugar para otro porque havía de tañer en unos desposorios, y ella cavallera en un asno con su tamborino encima, al passar de un río díxole: &quot;Muger, catad no tangáys el tamborino, que se espantará el asno.&quot; Como si dixera &quot;tañedlo&quot;: en ser en el río sonó el tamborino, y el asno, espantándose, púsose en el hondo, y echó vuestra muger en el río. Y él, por bien que quiso ayudalle, no tuvo remedio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Viendo que se havía ahogado, fuela a buscar el río arriba. Díxole uno que lo estava mirando: &quot;Buen hombre, ¿qué buscáys?&quot; Respondió: &quot;A mi muger, que se es ahogada, señor.&quot; &quot;¿Y contrario la havéys de buscar?&quot; Dixo: &quot;Sí, señor, porque mi muger siempre fue contraria a mis opiniones.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el primer cuento del &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobremesa y alivio de caminantes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, editado en &lt;strong&gt;1563&lt;/strong&gt;. Es una de las primeras obras de Juan de Timoneda, un año anterior al &lt;em&gt;Buen avíso y portacuentos&lt;/em&gt; mencionado por OP, y se puede consultar en formato HTML &lt;a href=&quot;http://parnaseo.uv.es/Lemir/Textos/Sobremesa/Libro1a.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este enlace&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que estaremos todos de acuerdo en que es un texto gracioso y, de hecho, muestra todas las características de un chiste (una introducción, un tono desenfadado, la gracia final que induce a risa) según se describen en Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pretendía publicar esto como respuesta, dado que OP indica que los primeros recopilatorios de chistes serían (de nuevo según Wikipedia) los hechos por Pero Mexía medio siglo antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España, las primeras compilaciones de chistes se encuentran en el género renacentista de las misceláneas del siglo XVI y XVII, de ámbito especialmente cortesano, &lt;strong&gt;destacando en especial Pero Mexía [1497-1551], quien los agrupó por temas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decidido a encontrar dichas compilaciones, me he estado leyendo por encima las principales obras del tal &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Mej%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pero Mexía&lt;/a&gt;: principalmente la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/silvadevarialecc00mex&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Silua de varia lecion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de 1540, y los &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alfama.sim.ucm.es/dioscorides/consulta_libro.asp?ref=B23379121&amp;amp;idioma=0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coloquios o dialogos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de 1545. Ambas tratan temas relativamente serios (filosofía, ciencia, religión) y no he notado tono jocoso en los fragmentos que he leído. Doy por hecho que la &lt;em&gt;Historia del emperador Carlos V&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;Historia imperial y cesarea&lt;/em&gt;, del mismo autor, también son serias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El caso es que &lt;strong&gt;no he encontrado entre los textos de Pero Mexía ningún recopilatorio de chistes, mucho menos por temas&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser cierto esto último, entonces el &lt;em&gt;Sobremesa y alivio de caminantes&lt;/em&gt; de Juan de Timoneda sería posiblemente el primer recopilatorio de chistes impreso en español, y su &quot;Cuento primero&quot; el primer chiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T15:49:04.887" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T15:49:04.887" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22017" CreationDate="2017-09-01T10:36:16.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Educar con amor duro&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que aunque la traducción correcta sea &quot;amor duro&quot; lo más probable es que cuando la uses necesites un contexto, no como en inglés. Creo que sería mejor utilizar &quot;Educar con amor duro&quot;. Esta expresión si indica lo que &quot;Tough Love&quot; significa aunque requiere una palabra extra en español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado algunas referencias: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Libro: &lt;em&gt;El secreto del niño feliz: Una guía imprescindible para padres&#xA;  y educadores&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &quot;El movimiento de 'Tough Love' (&quot;Amor Duro&quot;) en los EE.UU.&#xA;  parece muy práctico para los padres que tienen problemas con sus&#xA;  hijos&quot; (...)&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=w83OYQeWS8AC&amp;amp;pg=PA181&amp;amp;lpg=PA181&amp;amp;dq=educar%20con%20amor%20duro&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=9IhQlBgyln&amp;amp;sig=2ygKhwx5feVGX_vRGD-Jy0L5NUo&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiBiO3-44PWAhVCWRoKHVHDCiwQ6AEIXTAN#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=educar%20con%20amor%20duro&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link al libro en google books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T10:36:16.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21078" CreationDate="2017-09-01T12:04:06.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay fuente válida alguna, pero en varios sitios la expresión similar de &quot;tomar el pelo&quot; se define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t2077/el-origen-de-la-expresion-tomar-el-pelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AulaFacil&lt;/a&gt; proponen dos posibles teorías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importancia de las barbas según la época y cultura que analicemos, y lo ofensivo que podía llegar a resultar que alguien tocase o tirase de ella sin consentimiento de su dueño; un acto que podía llevar inmediatamente a una pelea o duelo entre el “agresor” y el “agredido”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Teoría basada en corte de pelo que se les hacía a los presos y a los militares de nuevo cuño como medida higiénica en cárceles y cuarteles, y que se consideraba una burla hacia éstos.* &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De allí llegué a El Cid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://slideflix.net/doc/307272/m%C3%ADo-cid-y-sus-barbas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mio Cid y sus Barbas&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el poema se deja crecer su barba por lealtad al Rey Alonso y meso la de algún otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Essora el Campeador-prísos(e) a la barba; No sólo se deja crecer la&#xA;  barba, sino que quiere que se haga famosa. ¿Qué avedes com de-por&#xA;  retraerla mi barba? p or esso es luenga(dice)-que a delicio fo criada.&#xA;  Y le debió crecer muy rápidam ente, ya que le im presionó hasta al&#xA;  rey. Ca no me priso a el la -fijo de m ugier nada &quot;... catándol(e)&#xA;  sedie la barba-que ta n aínal(e) creció. com o yo a vos, com de-en el&#xA;  castiello de Cabra. nim bla m essó-fijo de m oro ni de cristiana, Q&#xA;  uando pris a Cabra-e a vos por la barba Maravíllanse de mío&#xA;  Cid-cuantos que y(allí) son&quot;. non í (allí) ovo rapaz-que non messó su&#xA;  p u lg a d a &quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=mesar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mesar&lt;/em&gt; (DLE)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arrancar el cabello o la barba con las manos, o tirar con fuerza de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.nl/books?id=3wQyCAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT41&amp;amp;lpg=PT41&amp;amp;dq=Poema%20del%20Mio%20Cid%20(Los%20mejores%20cl%C3%A1sicos)#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=mesar%20la&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Poema del Mio Cid (Los mejores clásicos)&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mesar la barba era un acto injuriante que algunos fueros castigaban con la misma pena que la castracion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://libromancia.blogspot.nl/2010/01/el-tejido-simbolico-en-el-cid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Libromancia&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si desde que iniciamos viaje con lo humano y heroico marcado por la mesura, la valentía y atributos como la religiosidad, también veremos en esa larga barba muy cuidada, el símbolo de virilidad, poder y hora. Analizaremos cómo recurrentemente se hace mención a la barba, cómo El Cid se deja crecer la barba como símbolo de honor y cómo el asir la barba del enemigo resulta una falta gravísima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último una escultura en Burgos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C2V81.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C2V81m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;http://pm1.narvii.com/6464/3d4ce8ef80ecbeb50f1b496efa5284bd68c0d526_hq.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si su origen es a partir del &lt;em&gt;Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt;, pero su importancia es notable en la obra. Así pues varias expresiones en alusión al pelo podrían significar burlar, amenazar o hasta recibir una pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En nuestra defensa podríamos decir &lt;em&gt;¡¡No me toques ni un pelo!!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T11:39:21.487" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T11:39:21.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22031" CreationDate="2017-09-01T12:48:55.857" Score="9" ViewCount="479" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para responder &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21924/6915&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; descargué un libro mexicano de mediados del siglo XIX en el que aparece con frecuencia la abreviatura &quot;isos.&quot;. Por contexto se puede deducir que se refiere a un &lt;em&gt;sinónimo&lt;/em&gt;, o a algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien conoce la palabra o frase expandida que corresponde a &quot;isos.&quot; y su significado preciso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pueden ver en uso en el siguiente recorte, en las entradas de las palabras &lt;em&gt;Bachicha&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Balcarrota&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7N2UK.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7N2UK.png&quot; alt=&quot;recorte texto mexicano del siglo XIX donde se usa la abreviatura &amp;quot;isos.&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T06:29:52.113" Title="Significado de la antigua abreviatura &quot;isos.&quot;" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T15:16:16.680" Score="7" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aprendiendo del voseo me acabo de acordar de una situación bastante extraña que ocurrió mientras viajaba por Bolivia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Andábamos por el medio de la nada en una zona súper rural de Bolivia con una amiga cuando de repente empezó a llover y pasamos por un pueblito chiquitito, donde había una mujer gritando &quot;venín! venín!&quot;, queriendo decir que fuéramos a su casa para no mojarnos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sí, dijo &quot;venín&quot; en vez de &quot;vengan&quot;. Por si no lo malrecuerde, quisiera saber si alguien sabe de áreas en los que se considere correcta esa forma del imperativo plural? Sé que por lo menos en el español rioplatense se dice &quot;vení&quot; en singular, pero que yo sepa el plural se queda con el &quot;vengan&quot; del ustedeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá sea &quot;venid&quot; lo que ha dicho, igual me parece raro ya que el &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; no se usa en Latinoamérica que yo sepa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ser que por falta de educación crea que a través de añadirle una -n a una forma verbal esa se vuelve plural, como por una analogía espuria al caso de &lt;em&gt;viene → vienen, venga → vengan&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué opinan ustedes? Un errorcito no más, sea por su parte o por la mía? O puede que realmente haya donde se dice así? Repito que se trata del sur de Bolivia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos desde Alemania,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Konstantin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17515" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T00:35:24.877" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T00:35:24.877" Title="Imperativo plural en dialectos con voseo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;bolivia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22022" CreationDate="2017-09-01T15:17:42.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?iso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; = Igual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz de origen griego, ISO, significa &quot;igual&quot;. No es una palabra&#xA;  castellana. Es un elemento radican que nos viene del griego y es usado&#xA;  en palabras compuestas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;isómetro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=abeu2lU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;isósceles&lt;/a&gt; (triángulo) : &lt;em&gt;triángulo que tiene iguales solamente dos ángulos y dos lados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MCfkts6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;isótopo&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Cada uno de los elementos químicos que poseen el mismo número de protones y distinto número de neutrones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE encontramos el término defino como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MBPWPlj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO&lt;/a&gt; = Igual &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del gr. ἰσο- iso-.&lt;/em&gt; Otros ejemplos son: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MCIC8ob&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Isomorfo&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Dicho de dos o más cuerpos: Que, con diferente composición química, presentan igual estructura cristalina y pueden cristalizar asociados&lt;/em&gt; &quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MBnlVkC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Isofonía&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Igualdad de sonoridad.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE define así &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XzADiyT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimo&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de una palabra o de una expresión: Que, respecto de otra, tiene&#xA;  el mismo significado o muy parecido, como empezar y comenzar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T18:30:32.710" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T18:30:32.710" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18712" CreationDate="2017-09-01T15:45:25.980" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los que se consideran los chistes más antiguos hay uno que se cree tiene unos 2000 años, hay varias versiones que han aparecido en distintos libros a lo largo del tiempo, esta una de ellas (el original es en latín):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquel hombre, en cambio, que todo el mundo en Sicilia estaba de&#xA;  acuerdo en que era sumamente parecido al gobernador de la provincia,&#xA;  era de espíritu insolente. En efecto,como el procónsul le dijera que&#xA;  le asombraba que fuera tan parecido a él, dado que su padre nunca&#xA;  había venido a Sicilia, aquél replicó: “Pero el mío sí que fue a&#xA;  Roma”. Con esta broma vengó la castidad ultrajada de su madre&#xA;  arrojando, a su vez, la sospecha sobre la madre de aquel, con más&#xA;  audacia de la que convenía en alguien sometido a las varas y segures.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hechos y dichos memorables - &lt;em&gt;Valerio Máximo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pedro Mexía también recogió esta anécdota, ya traducida al español, en su libro &lt;em&gt;Silva de varia lecion&lt;/em&gt; (1540), otros lo hicieron después. Este es el fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También le pasó a Octaviano César otra graciosa cosa con un mancebo&#xA;  que vino a Roma en el tiempo en que él imperaba en ella. Fue ésta: que&#xA;  vino a Roma un mancebo que parecía tanto al mismo Octaviano en el&#xA;  gesto, que a maravilla era mirado por todos; y siendo avisado de esto&#xA;  Octaviano, luego lo hizo traer ante sí, donde se notó y certificó más&#xA;  la grande similitud que había entre ellos. El emperador, como era de&#xA;  dulce conversación y se preciaba de decir algunas veces cosas agudas y&#xA;  graciosas, viendo que todos decían que le parecía mucho, le dijo al&#xA;  mancebo: “Dime, hermano, ¿vino tu madre alguna vez a Roma?” El mozo&#xA;  entendió la malicia y respondióle: “Mi madre, señor, nunca vino a&#xA;  Roma; pero mi padre vino muchas veces”, motejándole a él de lo que él&#xA;  había sido tocado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Se puede consultar aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/silvadevarialecc00mex#page/112/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://archive.org/stream/silvadevarialecc00mex#page/112/mode/2up&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No sé si en el libro habrá más historias de este tipo, como dice @walen los temas son bastante serios y por lo que el propio Pedro Mexía dice no parece muy dado a hablar de temas vulgares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por lo qual yo, preciándome tanto de la lengua que aprendí de mis&#xA;  padres como de la que me mostraron preceptores, quise dar estas&#xA;  vigilias a los que no entienden los libros latinos, y ellos&#xA;  principalmente quiero que me agradezcan este trabajo, pues son los más&#xA;  y los que más necessidad y desseo suelen tener de saber estas cosas.&#xA;  Porque yo, cierto, &lt;em&gt;he procurado hablar de materias que no fuessen muy&#xA;  comunes ni anduviesen por el vulgo, o que ellas, de si, fuessen&#xA;  grandes y provechosas&lt;/em&gt;, a lo menos a mi  juyzio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es difícil afirmar categóricamente que es el primer chiste escrito en español pero por lo que sabemos, si no lo es, se le acerca bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACTUALIZACIÓN:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hechos_y_dichos_memorables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hechos y dichos memorables&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium&lt;/em&gt;) se tradujo al español por primera vez en 1395. Si esto es así, el chiste ya estaba escrito en español 145 años antes del libro de Pedro Mexía, aunque sigue siendo el mismo chiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parte de la información la he sacado de aquí:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.antiquitatem.com/chistes-antiguos-facetiae-apothegma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un chiste actual de hace 2.000 años&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T12:27:41.183" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T12:27:41.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21982" CreationDate="2017-09-02T01:17:40.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;225&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;204&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;192&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;186&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;184&lt;/strike&gt; 175 Caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo Omelas sabe. Unos lo vieron, otros dejan que esté ahí. ¿Sabrán por qué? Vale que su suerte, alegría, bella ciudad, amor, hijos sanos, grandes sabios, hábiles peones, fértiles cosechas y buen clima son por el niño jodido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para vencer a estos 2 genios, solo @fedorqui... pero si me les acerco otro poco, no hace daño (lo que si hace daño es que quizá les quité alguna palabra)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las 2 primeras frases en inglés se pueden remplazar con &lt;em&gt;Todo Omelas&#xA;lo sabe&lt;/em&gt; y puede quitarse el pronombre, ya que luego hablaremos del&#xA;objeto llamado por el pronombre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En la tercera frase, se menciona que le han visto y a cambio de reir (como muestra de su regocijo) decidí con que la gente de Omelas lo deje estar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para remplazar desde el segundo punto hasta el understand, se plantea la pregunta para dar a entender que no todos lo saben y el vale en la segunda acepción del DRAE (producir, dar ganancias o interés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al usar su suerte se evitan unos 7 u 8 posesivos... (entre 5 y 15 caracteres) y se usa con su 3ra acepción del Drae (suerte favorable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo que Omelas sabe, el motivo de su felicidad, lo dejé (aunque malsonante) en &quot;el niño jodido&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguna frase falta o creen que haya algún error, me comentan... y veremos si puedo robarle 20 caracteres en 48 horas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T03:38:46.760" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T03:38:46.760" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-02T01:17:40.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22028" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22030" CreationDate="2017-09-02T02:10:46.847" Score="9" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mucho lenguajes se puede repetir un adjetivo para incrementar su valor o añadirle ciertas connotaciones. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viste a Laura en la fiesta? Estaba guapa &lt;em&gt;guapa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que la vi. Con ese vestido rojo pero no rojo &lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt; si no un poco más como carmesí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa marca sí que hace esos productos buenos &lt;em&gt;buenos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya pero es que son caros &lt;em&gt;caros&lt;/em&gt;, ¿eh?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este Stack tuvimos la pregunta relacionada: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21057/5481&quot;&gt;What repetitions similar to “mero mero” exist in Spanish? That is, repetition of a word to convey additional meaning&lt;/a&gt; en la que se pueden ver otros muchos &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21063/5481&quot;&gt;ejemplos en la respuesta&lt;/a&gt; (cw).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigando, he visto que este recurso se llama en inglés &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrastive_focus_reduplication&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contrastive focus reduplication&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, también llamado &lt;em&gt;lexical cloning&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;double construction&lt;/em&gt;. Pensaba que sabiendo eso iba a ser fácil verificar que en español se llama &amp;quot;clonación léxica&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;doble construcción&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;foco reduplicativo&amp;quot;, pero he tenido un sorprendente escaso éxito con mi búsqueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien confirmar que en español recibe alguno de esos nombres o cuál es el correcto si es otro distinto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:13:24.170" Title="¿Cómo se llama al recurso sintáctico de duplicar un adjetivo para incrementar su valor?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22028" CreationDate="2017-09-02T12:13:38.920" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según ese artículo de la Wikipedia que enlazas, ese recurso es un tipo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduplicaci%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reduplicación&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.raco.cat/index.php/EstudiGral/article/viewFile/43747/56177&amp;amp;a=bi&amp;amp;pagenumber=1&amp;amp;w=100&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt; diferencian entre reduplicación léxica, morfológica y discursiva. El caso que nos ocupa sería &lt;em&gt;reduplicación léxica&lt;/em&gt;, lo que me ha llevado a este otro &lt;a href=&quot;http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/libri/978-88-6969-080-8/la-reduplicacion-lexica-como-mecanismo-de-estrecha/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt; en el que hablan en concreto del fenómemo que planteas aquí (las negritas son mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;repetición léxica consecutiva&lt;/strong&gt;, denominada también &lt;strong&gt;repetición&#xA;  consecutiva&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;reduplicación léxica total&lt;/strong&gt; en la bibliografía en&#xA;  español, consiste en la repetición voluntaria, contigua e idéntica de&#xA;  palabras por un mismo emisor sin pausa significativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y pone un par de ejemplos, este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) y de encontrarme por primera vez un restaurante &lt;strong&gt;español español&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  que no tiene nada de esas cosas de tome usted paella, (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y este otro:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pero es que esto no es una &lt;strong&gt;etiqueta etiqueta&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando esos tres términos el que más resultados devuelve es &lt;em&gt;repetición consecutiva&lt;/em&gt;, sin embargo muchos de esos resultados no coinciden exactamente con el tipo de reduplicación concreta de la que hablamos. &lt;em&gt;Repetición léxica consecutiva&lt;/em&gt; solo me devuelve resultados del mismo estudio. En mi opinión &lt;em&gt;reduplicación léxica total&lt;/em&gt; sería la mejor opción, hay pocas referencias pero coinciden con el recurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T16:13:24.170" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:13:24.170" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22022" CreationDate="2017-09-02T12:59:12.313" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues hete aquí que hay que ir a otra obra del autor del libro para saber su significado. En las &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=KQ8wAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22isos%5C.%22%20abreviatura%20etimologia&amp;amp;dq=%22isos%5C.%22%20abreviatura%20etimologia&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Obras Completas de D. Melchor Ocampo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edLnB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edLnB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Isos.&lt;/em&gt; es abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;isosónima&lt;/em&gt;, neologismo usado por Ocampo, igual o equivalente a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no consigo ver nada más :/ Estoy analizando ahora &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=bks&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;q=isos%C3%B3nima%20ocampo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otras referencias&lt;/a&gt; y todas dan con Ocampo. Muchas de las obras apenas están escaneadas y no hay demasiados fragmentos. Lo que más y mejor encuentro es una cita de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=j5Bnb5Jh1rcC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;De historiografía lingüística e historia de las lenguas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en la página 212:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ocampo consideró que un buen número de palabras y expresiones de México eran &quot;isosónimas&quot; de las peninsulares, tomando en cuenta las connotaciones diacrónicas y diatópicas de la categoría del dialecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hace pensar que &lt;em&gt;isosónima&lt;/em&gt; sería una palabra compuesta por &lt;em&gt;isos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sinónima&lt;/em&gt;, refiriéndose a sinónimos entre zonas de habla hispana. Habría que empaparse bien en las teorías de Ocampo para conseguir el significado exacto de este término. Dejémoslo para un día en el que tengamos tiempo y ganas :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, &lt;em&gt;isosonima&lt;/em&gt; no aparece en ningún otro lugar, luego es un neologismo que no parece que tuviera continuidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T06:29:52.113" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T06:29:52.113" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2017-09-02T18:37:31.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though it is true that we rather use 'me gusta',  both could be traduced as 'I like'. Whenever 'me agrada' is used, it is because we want to emphasize how good that thing makes us feel. Although it emphasizes that feeling of liking something, it is not a more or less powerful 'I like' than 'me gusta'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17564" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T21:12:29.520" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T21:12:29.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22033" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22034" CreationDate="2017-09-03T19:48:00.867" Score="8" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading a book titled, &quot;El Quijote: Para estudiantes de español&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The construction of the following sentence confuses me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según las leyes de caballería no podía luchar con nadie hasta que &lt;strong&gt;no&#xA;  fuese armado caballero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to the laws of chivalry he could not fight anyone until he&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;was not knighted.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 'hasta que' can be translated to 'if', then this sentence makes sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to the laws of chivalry he could not fight anyone if he&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;was not knighted.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've never seen 'hasta que' translated to mean 'if'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain to me the construction of this sentence? Is this just a case of where double negatives are acceptable in Spanish, unlike en English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T21:35:14.563" Title="Is the following example a case of double negatives in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22033" CreationDate="2017-09-03T21:35:14.563" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the term &quot;double negative&quot; refers to a different kind of, erm, double negative (DN). The kind of DN that usually baffles English L1 speakers learning Spanish is the one involving negative pronouns like &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ninguno&lt;/em&gt;, etc., such as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No llegó nadie.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Nobody came.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decidimos no decir nada.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;We decided not to say anything.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ninguno le tocó nada.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;No-one got anything.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, however, the expression &lt;em&gt;hasta que no&lt;/em&gt; has, believe it or not, the same value as &lt;em&gt;hasta que&lt;/em&gt;, i. e. the word &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; means nothing, although it does add a certain connotation. There's an article on &lt;em&gt;hasta que no&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/hasta_que_no&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; discussing this curious phenomenon. Summarizing it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hasta que no&lt;/em&gt; is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;mientras no&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;en tanto no&lt;/em&gt; (in English, &quot;as long as… not&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &quot;reasoning&quot; behind this weird usage is that &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; is semantically related to &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; (English: &quot;while&quot;, &quot;as long as&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The language authorities acknowledge the presence of this structure in literary writing and do not condemn its use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; after the &lt;em&gt;hasta que&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/negacion-innecesaria-1635/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;is an expletive&lt;/a&gt;; it only reinforces the meaning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Latin America it's more common to say &lt;em&gt;hasta que&lt;/em&gt; followed by the affirmative. [This I'm not sure of.]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also in some dialects in Latin America the converse phenomenon sometimes takes place, where people omit the negative in expressions like &lt;em&gt;Hasta las cuatro iré&lt;/em&gt;. This literally reads &quot;I will go until four&quot;, but it means &quot;I will not go until four&quot;. It sounds rather weird to the rest of us.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as you surmised, your example is indeed a case where &lt;em&gt;hasta que&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;if&quot; (or &quot;while&quot;). Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¡No habrá comida hasta que no puedan levantarse y trabajar!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (J. R. Ribeyro, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ciudadseva.com/texto/los-gallinazos-sin-plumas/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los gallinazos sin plumas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: &quot;There won't be food until you can get up and work&quot; or &quot;There will be no food while you can't get up and work&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;El chino hasta que no se siente amigo tuyo no hace negocios&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1929498-federico-boglione-el-chino-hasta-que-no-se-siente-amigo-tuyo-no-hace-negocios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Nación&lt;/a&gt;, Argentina)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: &quot;The Chinese, until they feel they are your friends, won't do business&quot; or &quot;The Chinese won't do business while they don't feel they are your friends&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hasta que no se firme el acuerdo no se levantará el paro&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/nacional/antioquia/hasta-que-no-se-firme-el-acuerdo-no-se-levantara-el-paro-lideres-mineros-articulo-711096&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Espectador&lt;/a&gt;, Colombia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: &quot;Until the agreement is signed the strike won't be lifted&quot; or &quot;The strike won't be lifted while the agreement has not been signed.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T21:35:14.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22038" CreationDate="2017-09-04T02:25:48.310" Score="5" ViewCount="440" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;code&gt;second wind&lt;/code&gt;, referido al sueño, es un fenómeno por el cual alguien que está cansado y a punto de caer dormido recibe &quot;nuevas energías&quot; si no se va &quot;a tiempo a dormir&quot; que le dificultan, paradójicamente, poderse dormir más adelante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_wind_(sleep)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; lo explica así en su versión anglosajona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Second wind (or third wind, fourth wind, etc.), also occasionally referred to as the wake maintenance zone, is a sleep phenomenon in which a person, after a prolonged period of staying awake, temporarily ceases to feel drowsy, often making it difficult to fall asleep once it happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no implica &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DXshldX%7CDXtqSSD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desvelarse&lt;/a&gt; o despertarse una vez que estás dormido. Es simplemente que, si no te vas a tiempo a dormir (cuando te viene el sueño y el cansancio) te &quot;reactivas&quot; y te puede luego costar más conciliar el sueño, aunque antes estuvieses a punto de dormirte y ahora sea incluso más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este fenómeno se ve con claridad en los niños (los adultos a veces ignoramos esos breves momentos de cansancio por culpa de todo lo que tenemos o queremos hacer justo antes de acostarnos). Un niño que a las siete de la tarde está que se cae, y que podría irse perfectamente a dormir, si no lo hace se &quot;reactiva&quot; y luego aunque sean las 10 de la noche está &quot;tan cansado&quot; que no consigue dormirse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que en español no se aplica la traducción literal &quot;segundo viento&quot;. ¿Existe algún término en español para nombrar este fenómeno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T06:28:56.463" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T13:02:35.010" Title="¿Cómo traducir al español &quot;second wind&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22035" CreationDate="2017-09-04T04:27:37.557" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, por lo menos, se dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le espantó el sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encontré &lt;em&gt;espantar&lt;/em&gt; en el DRAE, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/espantar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Reference&lt;/a&gt; da:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahuyentar, hacer que alguien se asuste y huya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y da una expresión: &quot;espantar el hambre&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esto solo funciona con el context del sueño, que señalaste en la pregunta.  El otro uso de &quot;second wind,&quot; que se le da al atleta al superar el cansancio, por ejemplo, sería diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GUCz8Zj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE dice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ahuyentar a personas o animales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T13:02:35.010" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T13:02:35.010" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T04:44:07.867" Score="3" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose I'm in the library studying.  One of the couple of dozen people there sniffs every 132 seconds instead of blowing his nose.  When I look around it's impossible to identify the source of the sniffing.  This is one of the things that bother me the most about not being a hermit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I talk about this horrible habit of sniffing in Spanish?  I've never found a good way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T07:25:12.633" Title="Translation of &quot;sniff&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22035" CreationDate="2017-09-04T05:41:40.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión que he oído siempre usar en mi entorno es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;irse el sueño&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le dejé la &lt;em&gt;tablet&lt;/em&gt; al niño en el coche para que aguantara hasta llegar a casa, y ahora &lt;strong&gt;se le ha ido el sueño&lt;/strong&gt; y no quiere acostarse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Estaba tan cansado que casi me quedaba dormido, pero entre unas cosas y otras &lt;strong&gt;se me fue el sueño&lt;/strong&gt; y ya no me dormí hasta pasada la medianoche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T07:16:47.177" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T07:16:47.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22037" CreationDate="2017-09-04T07:25:12.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence you're looking for is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sorber los mocos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=sorber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sorber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sorbēre&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Atraer hacia dentro la mucosidad nasal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it may appear that just saying &quot;sorber&quot; would suffice, I think &lt;strong&gt;it's better to be specific and say &quot;sorber los mocos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (unless the context is very, very clear), because the first meaning of &quot;sorber&quot; is &quot;to drink from a straw&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T07:25:12.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2017-09-04T09:15:48.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference between these two words is that while &lt;em&gt;felicitación&lt;/em&gt; is an act of praise or congratulation, &lt;em&gt;felicidad&lt;/em&gt; refers to the blessed state of the human heart, happiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;¡Felicitaciones!&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; is often used on graduation, promotion,  award, victory, or achievement. Its alternative word is &lt;em&gt;“¡Enhorabuena!”.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;“¡Felicidades!”&lt;/em&gt; is used on birthday, wedding, birth of a child, New Year, etc. to inspire a wish for much happiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Congratulations on your graduation! - &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones por tu graduación!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Congratulations on your new job! - &lt;em&gt;¡Felicitaciones por tu nuevo trabajo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Congratulations on your wedding! - &lt;em&gt;Felicidades por tu boda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishto-english.com/how-do-you-say-congratulations-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How do you say congratulations in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17273" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T16:35:16.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22035" CreationDate="2017-09-04T10:39:39.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;em&gt;irse el sueño&lt;/em&gt;, suelo escuchar &lt;em&gt;pasarse de vueltas&lt;/em&gt;, aunque es más una explicación que una afirmación del fenómeno en sí: alguien se quedó despierto pese a que tenía mucho sueño, sea trabajando, o charlando, o muy ocupado en alguna cosa que requiere su atención, y después descubre que no tiene más sueño. Es más algo de adultos, aunque de niños que juegan y hasta de bebés he oído que están &lt;em&gt;pasados de vueltas&lt;/em&gt;. Digo que es más una explicación porque generalmente se debe aclarar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se pasó de vueltas y ahora no se duerme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Está pasado de vueltas y no le entra el sueño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al que no puede dormir ni quedarse quieto porque estuvo muy activo se le dice que está &lt;em&gt;acelerado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este chico está muy acelerado, ya no se duerme más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedé muy acelerado, no tengo nada de sueño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T10:39:39.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22043" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22044" CreationDate="2017-09-04T15:30:11.673" Score="1" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &quot;Es de mi X&quot; and &quot;Es mi X&quot;; &#xA;such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es de mi hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es mi hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17573" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T08:06:33.340" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T08:06:33.340" Title="What's the difference between &quot;Es de mi X&quot; and &quot;Es mi X&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22043" CreationDate="2017-09-04T16:16:26.907" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can translate &quot;es de mi hermano&quot; as &quot;belongs to my brother&quot;, and &quot;es mi hermano&quot; as &quot;is my brother&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;De&quot; is a very common word in spanish with a lot of meanings, many of them can be translated directly to &quot;of&quot;. Some of the most used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;posession &quot;es de mi hermano&quot; = belongs to my brother&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;filling &quot;vaso de agua&quot; = glass of water &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;origin &quot;soy de Mexico&quot; = i'm from Mexico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;composition &quot;cuchara de plata&quot; = silver spoon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;topic &quot;clase de matemáticas&quot; = math lecture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T16:16:26.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22046" CreationDate="2017-09-04T16:24:37.300" Score="8" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking a course titled &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.memrise.com/course/799093/445-spanish-conversational-connectors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;445 Spanish Conversational Connectors&lt;/a&gt; at Memrise.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the items in the course is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debo admitir que no conozco la respuesta. | I must admit that I really&#xA;  don’t know the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From all of my Spanish studies up to this point, I've learned that &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; is what's appropriate here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debo admitir que yo no sé la respuesta. | I must admit that I really&#xA;  don’t know the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it ever appropriate to use &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; in such manner? Or is this a mistake in the course?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T13:09:55.887" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T13:09:55.887" Title="Is this use of &quot;conocer&quot; in my Spanish course a mistake?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22045" CreationDate="2017-09-04T16:59:25.523" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer depends on one thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Was the question you want to answer something &lt;strong&gt;new to you&lt;/strong&gt;?. Was this the first time you met that question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the case then the correct answer is: &quot;Debo admintir que no conozco la respuesta&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Was the question something you were &lt;strong&gt;taught before&lt;/strong&gt;? or something you were suposed to know and have forgotten? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the case then the correct answer is: &quot;Debo adminitir que no sé la respuesta&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll put here a link to &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=10116&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Instituto Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; since they have (in this article) extensively explain the difference. I have made a summary: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;diferencia&lt;/strong&gt; entre los verbos «&lt;strong&gt;saber&lt;/strong&gt;» y «&lt;strong&gt;conocer&lt;/strong&gt;» es uno&#xA;  de los problemas léxicos que presentan los estudiantes de lenguas que&#xA;  cuentan con una sola palabra para ambas ideas, caso del inglés, por&#xA;  ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En general, lo mejor que se puede hacer es intentar entender las&#xA;  oposiciones lingüísticas (sean del tipo que sean) desde ejemplos y&#xA;  frases concretas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No existen diferencias &quot;abstractas&quot; a priori fuera de los ejemplos&#xA;  concretos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vía de ataque para comprender la diferencia entre estos dos verbos&#xA;  no hay que ir a buscarla en la lógica o filosófica sino que la&#xA;  encontraremos en la recogida de ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(La descripción que hacen los gramáticos del lenguaje va por el lado&#xA;  de explicar filosófica o lógicamente los contrastes entre una unidad y&#xA;  otra (ejemplo &quot;ser&quot;  o &quot;estar&quot; en vez de ir a descubrir dichos&#xA;  contrastes en lo que la gente dice con lo que dice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saber&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Is about a knowledge obtained through memory or study. Se la lista de los reyes Visigodos. (It means I know all the names in that list) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Is a knowledge assimilated by the subject, abilities. Sé hablar francés. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Example: Si decimos que alguien sabe cuál es el mejor restaurante de&#xA;  la ciudad, pero no lo conoce, queremos decir que ha aprendido,&#xA;  asimilado (o tiene) dicha información, pero que no ha estado allí.  Lo&#xA;  mismo en frases como «&lt;em&gt;Juan sabe el camino, pero no lo conoce»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conocer&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is more about &quot;have been in contact with&quot;. Conozco la lista de reyes visigodos españoles (It means that I used to know it -when I was&#xA;  in school- but I don't any more) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is about things that have an independent existance from the person that knows them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Things we are taught but have no experience &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few examples&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yo conozco la canción de Elton John pero no me la sé. (It means I know of it's existance but I can't sing it because I don't know the&#xA;  words). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Marta sabe el camino a Madrid pero no lo conoce. (She has study the way to Madrid but has never gone to Madrid. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Conocí a Peter ayer pero no sé de dónde es. (I met Peter yesterday but I don't know where he is from) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I leave another &lt;a href=&quot;http://ps://www.inmsol.com/es/gramatica-espanola/diferencia-entre-saber-y-conocer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to information regarding &quot;saber&quot; and &quot;Conocer&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T10:50:05.933" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T10:50:05.933" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T18:06:07.600" Score="5" ViewCount="7976" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra o término que pueda definir la existencia de dos cosas que existen a la vez pero que son completamente paralelas entre sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaración: Es como si dos personas estuvieran realizando sus vidas en un mismo momento (tiempo) pero estas no chocan entre sí, nunca se conectan (espacio) porque no puede o no se debe. Otro ejemplo puede ser la existencia de dimensiones paralelas, donde las personas o seres de “x” dimensión realizan sus vidas independientes de las vidas de las personas o seres que puedan existir o no en otras dimensiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17574" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T08:16:20.647" LastActivityDate="2020-09-23T15:13:36.317" Title="Palabra o término para definir la existencia de dos cosas que existen a la vez pero que son completamente paralelas entre sí" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22049" CreationDate="2017-09-04T18:20:27.323" Score="2" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my pet peeves in English is when a speaker does NOT clear up ambiguity when using pronouns. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mary and Elizabeth went to the store. She bought an apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above sentence, it is not clear who bought the apple. This is because 'she' could refer to either Mary or Elizabeth. Drives me crazy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, quite often in Spanish, pronouns are omitted because the subject is implied by the conjugation of the verb. However, things can become ambiguous when speaking in the third person. Let's examine the following excerpt from the book &quot;El Quijote: Para estudiantes de español&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensó Don Quijote que el mundo le necesitaba. ... En ese momento&#xA;  recordó que no podía entrar en batalla. No había sido armado&#xA;  caballero. Según las leyes de caballería no podía luchar con nadie&#xA;  hasta que no fuese armado caballero. &lt;strong&gt;Decidió que el primer caballero&#xA;  andante que encontrase le armaría caballero.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bolded text is where I find the ambiguity. Being that I'm still a beginner with the language, it took me several readings to understand this. I believe it means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He (don Quijote) decided that the first knight that he (don&#xA;  Quijote) met would arm him (don Quijote) with knighthood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it took me a while to understand that the 'le' in 'le armaría caballero' refers to don Quijote, and does not refer to the errant knight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does such ambiguity present a problem to native speakers of Spanish? Or is this a problem merely for language learners like me? Is there a way to express the bolded text in manner that is more clear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking someone might post an answer saying, &quot;There is no ambiguity to the brain of a native Spanish speaker. The direct and indirect objects of the sentence is obvious.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T17:56:17.077" LastActivityDate="2020-01-11T19:43:29.087" Title="Implicit vs explicit subject verb agreement - how do Spanish speakers avoid ambiguity?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22048" CreationDate="2017-09-04T19:39:02.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this particular example, I'm afraid, there is no ambiguity. Let's strip the sentence down to the basics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decidió que el primer caballero andante que encontrase le armaría caballero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a main sentence whose subject (elided) is a third person; context tells us it's Don Quijote. Let's take that away and stay with the subordinate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El primer caballero andante que encontrase le armaría caballero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This again has a subordinate clause embedded in it. It's that type of subordinate that qualifies but doesn't define the noun it modifies, so it can be taken out too, as well as the other qualifiers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El &lt;s&gt;primer&lt;/s&gt; caballero &lt;s&gt;andante&lt;/s&gt; le armaría caballero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just a &quot;subject verbs direct-object to indirect-object&quot; type of sentence. What might this indirect object refer to? It cannot refer back to the subject, since that would be a reflexive expression, and the reflexive third person pronoun is &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;. The sentence would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decidió que el primer caballero andante que encontrase se armaría caballero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This wouldn't be ungrammatical, but it would make no sense at all. So &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; can only refer to the subject. Note that this would work also in English: if I say &quot;The first knight he met would make him knight&quot;, it's perfectly clear that &lt;em&gt;him&lt;/em&gt; refers to the prior &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; and that in turn refers to the unnamed man we're surely talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In technical terms, &quot;Don Quijote&quot; is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topic_and_comment&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;topic&lt;/a&gt; of that sentence, and the topic, in fact, of the whole passage. The topic and the subject often coincide, but not always. Spanish is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pro-drop language&lt;/a&gt; so the topic is often completely left to context if it is the subject (unlike English, where you have to at least use a pronoun). This is what happens in your example (twice, with &lt;em&gt;decidió&lt;/em&gt; and with &lt;em&gt;encontrase&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T19:39:02.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2939" CreationDate="2017-09-05T01:49:46.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exact way this will be expressed depends on the context.  Here are some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 Hola, Manuel, quería chequear si has podido echar un ojo al borrador que te mandé el lunes. &lt;em&gt;[Hi Manuel, I wanted to check whether you've had a chance to take a look at the draft I sent you Monday.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 Hola Sarita, quería chequear cómo sigues. &lt;em&gt;[Hi Sarita, I wanted to check how you're doing (in comparison with the last time we spoke).]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T19:49:22.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2003" CreationDate="2017-09-05T01:52:55.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some gentle ways of describing such a person, that work well in Mexico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tiene mucha escuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No pudo hacer mucha escuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No ha hecho mucha escuela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[She hasn't had much schooling / She wasn't able to get very far along with formal education]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T01:52:55.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22047" CreationDate="2017-09-05T07:11:35.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una pregunta interesante. Te pongo aquí mi propuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coexistencia paralela.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos el significado de cada palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9eWqu3c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coexistencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Existencia de una persona o de una cosa a la vez que otra u otras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto cubre la primera parte de lo que quieres definir. Para la segunda parte podríamos aplicar figuradamente la definición geométrica de &amp;quot;paralela&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rr2hl8R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paralelo, la&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;parallēlus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;παράλληλος parállēlos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Geom. Dicho de dos o más líneas o superficies: Que al ser equidistantes entre sí, por más que se prolonguen nunca pueden encontrarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque esta definición se aplica únicamente en geometría, se podría extender al sustantivo al que está afectando este adjetivo, de forma que podríamos así definir existencias simultáneas (coexistencias) que nunca llegan a encontrarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T07:11:35.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22047" CreationDate="2017-09-05T08:55:01.460" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que buscas podría ser &lt;em&gt;simultaneidad dimensional&lt;/em&gt; donde las cosas pueden existir en el mismo momento y lugar en distintas realidades o dimensiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada de Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universos_paralelos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;universos paralelos&lt;/a&gt; encontramos este párrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El principio de simultaneidad dimensional establece que dos o más&#xA;  objetos físicos, realidades, percepciones y objetos no físicos pueden&#xA;  coexistir en el mismo espacio-tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos &lt;em&gt;simultaneidad dimensional&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;tbo=p&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=simultaneidad+dimensional&amp;amp;gws_rd=cr,ssl&amp;amp;dcr=0&amp;amp;ei=2mWuWciaNpDdwAKh17DIDg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;google books&lt;/a&gt; hay varios libros que incluyen el término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T14:46:44.157" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T14:46:44.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22056" CreationDate="2017-09-05T10:30:50.003" Score="7" ViewCount="5326" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí va otra de mis preguntas de carretera. Junto a El Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz, España) hay una pequeña pedanía que se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblado_de_Do%C3%B1a_Blanca&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Poblado de Doña Blanca&lt;/a&gt;, un pueblo de colonización que empieza a gestarse en 1955 para, sobre todo, dar cabida a las personas perjudicadas por la expropiación de terrenos para la construcción de la base de Rota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que para llegar allí me he fijado en que las señales abrevian el nombre del pueblo, y de diferentes formas. Véanse estos dos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2rRWd.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2rRWd.png&quot; alt=&quot;Poblado Dª Blanca&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EMt8Q.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EMt8Q.png&quot; alt=&quot;Poblado Dña. Blanca&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos que tenemos dos opciones para abreviar &quot;doña&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dª&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las dos opciones es la correcta (o la más aconsejada)? ¿Lo son las dos? ¿No lo es ninguna? A mí al menos la segunda me chirría un poco porque creo recordar que la RAE desaconseja las abreviaturas si tan solo se va a omitir una letra, pero no estoy seguro de si eso se refiere solamente a la última letra de la palabra (como habría ocurrido con &quot;doñ.&quot;) o a cualquiera de las intermedias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T10:35:16.560" Title="¿Cuál es la abreviatura correcta para &quot;doña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22055" CreationDate="2017-09-05T10:35:16.560" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, ambas son válidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;D.ª&lt;/em&gt;: doña (también &lt;em&gt;Dña.&lt;/em&gt;; cf. &lt;em&gt;D.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T10:35:16.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22060" CreationDate="2017-09-06T02:51:36.270" Score="5" ViewCount="567" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que la palabra &lt;em&gt;mantequilla&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;manteca&lt;/em&gt; está más que claro. Las dos son grasas animales. La primera se elabora a base de la leche bovina y contiene sólidos lácteos. La segunda es de gordura corporeal, sea de vaca o de chancho. Una no se produce de la otra y ni es más pequeña. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se emplea el diminutivo para nombrar &lt;em&gt;mantequilla&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMeKJ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMeKJ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T07:02:02.457" Title="¿Por qué es diminutivo &quot;mantequilla&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22059" CreationDate="2017-09-06T06:48:39.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, &lt;strong&gt;manteca&lt;/strong&gt; sí puede referirse a la crema que se obtiene de la leche de vaca (o similar):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OGdz85i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;manteca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Producto obtenido por el batido, amasado y posterior maduración de la crema extraída de la leche de vaca o de otros animales. &lt;em&gt;Manteca de vaca, de oveja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, en este sentido, mantequilla se refiere especificamente a la manteca de leche de vaca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OHSwRer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mantequilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Manteca&lt;/strong&gt; de la leche de vaca.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Producto obtenido de la leche o de la crema por agitación o por batimiento, ya usando máquinas a propósito, ya mazando la leche en odres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, el sufijo &lt;strong&gt;-illa&lt;/strong&gt; no siempre forma un diminutivo en sentido literal. La propia definición del DLE lo explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KywyhW2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-illo, lla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Tiene valor diminutivo o afectivo. &lt;em&gt;Arbolillo, librillo, guapillo, mentirosilla.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Aunque no todos los sustantivos formados con este sufijo tienen auténtico valor diminutivo, suelen aproximarse a él&lt;/strong&gt;: p. ej., &lt;em&gt;organillo&lt;/em&gt; con relación a &lt;em&gt;órgano&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;molinillo&lt;/em&gt; con relación a &lt;em&gt;molino&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;camilla&lt;/em&gt; con relación a &lt;em&gt;cama&lt;/em&gt;, etc. A veces, toma las formas -ecillo, -ececillo, -cillo. &lt;em&gt;Panecillo, piececillo, amorcillo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &lt;em&gt;mantequilla&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;manteca&lt;/em&gt;, en su uso más general, entraría en la parte que he resaltado en negrita: indica simplemente que la primera se ha nombrado en relación a la segunda, pues tienen el mismo origen y se usa(ba)n más o menos para lo mismo, siendo la diferencia que la mantequilla es más suave y blanda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T07:02:02.457" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T07:02:02.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22063" CreationDate="2017-09-06T11:06:21.490" Score="1" ViewCount="1508" Body="&lt;p&gt;While looking at dictionary for conjugation, I saw this strange tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;conocer &amp;ndash; to know, to meet&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Subjunctive&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo conociera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tú conocieras  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imperfect 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo &lt;em&gt;conociese&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tú &lt;em&gt;conocieses&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused about what &quot;Imperfect 2&quot; (&lt;em&gt;italic&lt;/em&gt; text above) is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please don't post the answer in full Spanish or I'll have trouble understand it. I'm new to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T12:04:35.250" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T12:15:49.007" Title="What is &quot;Imperfect 2&quot; tense in subjunctive mood?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-06T13:04:35.593" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22062" CreationDate="2017-09-06T12:07:53.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; forms are the two alternative forms of the imperfect past, subjunctive mood (I'm assuming you know what the subjunctive mood is; if not, it will pop up soon enough in your Spanish class). There are a number of questions dealing with these; check &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8364/difference-between-iera-and-iese-ending-of-the-imperfect-subjunctive&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; out for a nicely documented answer. They mean almost exactly the same (although people often prefer one over the other) and are also used almost interchangeably. In principle you will have to learn both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know these forms have no proper &quot;official&quot; name, and there are no widely accepted names in grammars or textbooks. Calling them &lt;strong&gt;imperfect&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;imperfect 2&lt;/strong&gt; is an arbitrary choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T12:15:49.007" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T12:15:49.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22079" CreationDate="2017-09-06T12:47:04.337" Score="3" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comenta @pablodf76 en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22063/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22062/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que las dos formas del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo no tienen un nombre oficial o aceptado entre los diferentes libros de texto que lo enseñan. Así, hablamos de &quot;la forma en &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;la forma en &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o, como pone en la pregunta enlazada, el &quot;imperfecto de subjuntivo&quot; y el &quot;imperfecto 2&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hagamos esta pregunta oficial, y extendámosla además a un ámbito histórico: ¿tienen o han tenido alguna vez un nombre concreto cada una de las dos formas posibles de escribir el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T14:01:24.103" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T14:01:24.103" Title="¿Tienen o han tenido algún nombre concreto las dos formas del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22066" CreationDate="2017-09-06T13:13:44.553" Score="2" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of the web (e.g. Instagram, etc.) what would be an appropriate translation for &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would &lt;code&gt;etiqueta&lt;/code&gt; be appropriate?&#xA;How about &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17585" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T00:52:27.553" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T00:52:27.553" Title="What would be a good Spanish translation for &quot;label&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22065" CreationDate="2017-09-06T13:47:35.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;See, the problem is that &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;In the context of the web&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; can mean different things for different people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To you, per your Instagram etc. example, it seems to mean &amp;quot;for website users&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To me, as a programmer, it usually means &amp;quot;for web developers&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In web and UI development, &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; have distinct meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; is any piece of text that identifies (shows the name of) a form field or a similar web page element. The text &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Your Answer&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; over the &amp;quot;new answer&amp;quot; text box, for example, is a &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; is a word that identifies a specific category to which a given entity belongs. The words &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;traducción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vocabulario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; below your question are the &lt;code&gt;tags&lt;/code&gt; that identify the categories into which your question falls.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; predates the use of &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; by several years, and I think that the latter entered into use precisely to avoid using &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; to name the categories too (it'd be kind of confusing then).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a web user, though, there's no need to make such a distinction because they don't need to know what a (web development's) &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; is, so users can (and do) use &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; interchangeably, since they're kind of synonyms everywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Now, how should they be translated to Spanish?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well... &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=tag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; is not a Spanish word according to the DLE&lt;/a&gt;. However, that doesn't mean you can't use it. The following is what I recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're a web developer or are translating a text related to that field, use &lt;strong&gt;etiqueta&lt;/strong&gt; (regular font) for labels, and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tag&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (italics, because it is a foreing word) for tags -- viceversa if the whole text was already in italics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you don't need to make a distinction between &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt;, use &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;etiqueta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for both. Context should tell which is which if necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other words, like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pegatina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (sticker) which could arguably be used for &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; in certain contexts, but in most cases it would be weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T13:47:35.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-06T14:27:34.173" Score="4" ViewCount="1038" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de lo investigado para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22064/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Tienen o han tenido alg&amp;#250;n nombre concreto las dos formas del pret&amp;#233;rito imperfecto de subjuntivo?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, me encuentro con que en el siglo XVIII, allá cuando la RAE publicó su primera &lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; (1771), el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo incluía tres variantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La terminación &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La terminación &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La terminación &lt;em&gt;-ría&lt;/em&gt; (el actual condicional de indicativo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GZAvE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GZAvE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Tiempos del subjuntivo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que para el verbo &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt;, la conjugación de dicho tiempo puede ser &quot;amara&quot;, &quot;amase&quot; o &quot;amaría&quot;. En cambio, el tiempo que hoy conocemos como &quot;condicional de indicativo&quot; no existía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una primera pregunta podría ser el motivo por el cual estas tres formas se solapaban por aquel entonces. Sin embargo, tengo más curiosidad por saber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuándo se produjo la escisión de las tres formas en los dos tiempos verbales que hoy conocemos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué motivos dio la RAE para crear un tiempo verbal nuevo y provocar dicha escisión?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T08:18:37.280" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T08:18:37.280" Title="¿Cuándo se dividieron las tres formas del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo en dos tiempos diferentes?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="431" CreationDate="2017-09-06T14:30:16.867" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer is primarily Spain based, particularly south Spain (Andalucía), although there are a few words included here that i don't usually hear in my surroundings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diego mijelshon's answer is pretty good, but i'd like to add that i believe it is less about absolute ages and more about relative ages, this is further explored at the end of the answer, first let's see where we can &quot;objectively&quot;(?) place each word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The words i'll be categorizing are these (please comment any word i may be missing):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;niño/a, nene/a, chico/a, chaval(a), muchacho/a, mozo/a, joven, señorito/a, señor(a), &lt;code&gt;tío/a&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Niño/a and nene are usually used for very young people, i'd say it starts to become weird once the 12/14 years old barrier has been passed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chaval(a) is mostly used for teens, let's say between 12 and 18/20 years old.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chico/a can be used as long as either niño/a or chaval(a) are appropriate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchacho/a will usually be used for any age up to 25/30, this isn't the most commonly used word though, and I personally only use it to address people of my own age group (20-30), and use other words for the younger people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mozo/a is, as fas as I know, pretty uncommon, and mainly used in rural areas or by elder people, that being said, this word basically includes any age as long as the person is not perceived as &quot;old&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Joven is used in similar contexts as mozo/a, except it's a bit more common.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señorito/a is a special case: señorito is very rarely used, and you'd most likely hear it in movies which imply a buttler talking to a very young master, however señorita is more common, and is used for full grown adults but implying that she is still young.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señor(a) this one is very straight-forward, any person perceived as a full grown adult can be called señor(a). Please note thay conventionally, señor and señora used to imply that the person is married, this is no longer the case for as far as I know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tío/a&lt;/code&gt; may be the most special case of them all. this is the most informal way to address someone out of this list, and is only used between people of the same age group. This can range from little kids among eachother to full grown adults in their 40s and even older.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's see what happens when these different groups interact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say a &quot;niño&quot; meets a &quot;muchacha&quot;, he probably won't be calling her like that, instead you might hear &quot;señora&quot; or &quot;señorita&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now let's have an elder person (say 70 years old) meet a 40 years old man, 40 years old should probably be &quot;señor&quot;, yet this elder person may call him &quot;muchacho&quot; because of the difference in age.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="14936" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T09:42:15.367" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T09:42:15.367" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2017-09-06T16:32:32.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En psicología, se habla de &quot;niño pequeño&quot; cuando son menores de 6 años. Para mi &quot;Toddler&quot; sería &quot;Niño pequeño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17588" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T16:32:32.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22065" CreationDate="2017-09-06T17:28:17.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; in Spanish is used for something physical, while &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; is more abstract.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;etiqueta&lt;/code&gt;: that is a sticker or the paper used to show the price of a pair of jeans in a shop (physical). &lt;code&gt;etiqueta&lt;/code&gt; can also be used to put something or someone into a group (like a rock band, or a pop band... that's &lt;code&gt;una etiqueta&lt;/code&gt; as well), but that's also known as a &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; (abstract).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answering your question, &lt;code&gt;etiqueta&lt;/code&gt; is appropriate, but using it as a &lt;code&gt;tag&lt;/code&gt; and not as a &lt;code&gt;label&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2366" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T17:28:17.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1778" CreationDate="2017-09-06T18:21:35.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm surprised that no one has mentioned &lt;em&gt;caudal&lt;/em&gt;, which generally is used with respect to rivers but could easily be adapted as a less clunky translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T18:21:35.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22074" CreationDate="2017-09-06T20:32:36.090" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I was writing for my Spanish course, I wrote the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego al tenis, pero no &lt;strong&gt;hacerlo&lt;/strong&gt; bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I interpret this to mean &quot;I play tennis, but I don't do it well.&quot; However, it was marked wrong. Why is it incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T06:01:43.050" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T06:01:43.050" Title="Is this use of &quot;hacerlo&quot; wrong?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22073" CreationDate="2017-09-06T21:05:29.690" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is wrong. Realize (I know I'm pointing the obvious here) that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hacerlo = &lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt; + lo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The relevant part I want to point out is that you are using the verb &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; in infinitive, and that is not the verb tense you want to use (you would be saying the equivalent of &quot;I play tennis, but I &lt;em&gt;to do&lt;/em&gt; it not well&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the correct way of expressing it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego al tenis, pero no &lt;strong&gt;lo hago&lt;/strong&gt; bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sentence is using a present form, and not an infinitive&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. You could also have used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego al tenis, pero no &lt;strong&gt;sé&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is trickier, because now &quot;saber&quot; is the verb which goes in present tense and &quot;hacerlo&quot; is just a direct complement&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; You need to to move that pronoun. While you could have said &quot;no &lt;em&gt;hágolo&lt;/em&gt; bien&quot; that would sound weird to most native speakers. Check other existing questions about pronouns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; With another tricky stuff: the infinitive has many uses in Spanish (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21332/5481&quot;&gt;can be used as a noun&lt;/a&gt;), so that verb &quot;hacer&quot; is the direct complement of &lt;code&gt;saber&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T01:15:22.393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T01:15:22.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22024" CreationDate="2017-09-06T22:12:55.937" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más probable es que sea por la manera de hablar de la gente en las comunidades rurales, ya que entre ellos es muy común decir &quot;estabanos, andabanos&quot; cuando en realidad quieren decir &quot;estábamos, andábamos&quot;, esto pasa muy seguido en México con toda la gente que viene de ranchos, ya que por alguna extraña razón así es su acento. Tengo una amiga que nació en Bolivia, si gustas mañana mismo puedo preguntarle si es que en realidad esa es una forma correcta de conjugar el verbo &quot;ir&quot;. Un saludo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17591" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T22:12:55.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22078" CreationDate="2017-09-07T00:36:01.620" Score="5" ViewCount="1014" Body="&lt;p&gt;Winner: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22078/13628&quot;&gt;CarlosAlejo with a translation golfed down to just 86 letters&lt;/a&gt;. Impressive!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is a partial transcript of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecIWPzGEbFc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;The Future of Programming&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, a conference given by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cecil_Martin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robert &quot;Uncle Bob&quot; C. Martin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The transcripted part starts at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecIWPzGEbFc&amp;amp;t=1h14m25s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1:14:25&lt;/a&gt;; bear in mind, however, that some parts are omitted in the transcript for brevity.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part I picked talks about the role of software engineers in the modern world. In light of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/08/26/vw-engineer-receives-40-month-prison-sentence-role-emissions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;40-month prison sentence and $200.000 fine given to the main engineer&lt;/a&gt; involved in the Volkswagen scandal, I think the topic is now more relevant than ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(If you are a programmer / developer / software engineer of any kind and you haven't listened to this, I really &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; recommend you &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecIWPzGEbFc&amp;amp;t=1h10m38s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;start listening from here&lt;/a&gt; -- it's only 8 minutes.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We rule the world.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The world doesn't know this yet. We don't quite know it yet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Other people &lt;em&gt;believe&lt;/em&gt; that they rule the world, but they write the rules down and they hand them to us, and then &lt;em&gt;we&lt;/em&gt; write the rules, that go into the machines, that execute everything that happens on this planet.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  And one day, one of us is going to do something dumb (and maybe not even that dumb), and the result will be a catastrophe where tens of thousands of people die.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  And when this happens, they will point their fingers right at us, and they will ask us the question: &quot;How could you have let this happen?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(458 letters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, non-golfed, translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Nosotros regulamos el mundo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; El mundo no se ha enterado de esto aún. Nosotros no nos hemos enterado del todo aún.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Otras personas &lt;em&gt;se creen&lt;/em&gt; que ellas regulan el mundo, pero escriben las reglas y luego nos las dan, y entonces nosotros escribimos las reglas que van en las máquinas que ejecutan todo lo que sucede en este planeta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Y un día, uno de nosotros va a hacer algo estúpido (y quizá no tan estúpido), y el resultado será una catástrofe donde decenas de miles de personas mueran.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Y cuando esto pase, apuntarán su dedo índice hacia nosotros, y nos harán la pregunta: &quot;¿Cómo habéis podido dejar que pase esto?&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(484 letters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T13:11:11.620" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T13:11:11.620" Title="Translation Golf XVII - &quot;We rule the world&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-07T01:44:43.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-07T01:44:02.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;230 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignora el mundo que nosotros lo regimos. Otros creen hacerlo, pero nos dan para escribir reglas para  máquinas que hacen de todo en el mundo.&#xA;Un día se hará algo quizá no tan tonto pero que causará decenas de miles de muertos. Entonces nos señalarán y dirán: Por qué dejasteis que pasara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T01:44:02.263" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-07T01:44:43.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-07T06:25:41.583" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;229 209 187 183 166 160 152 145 137 125 117 99&lt;/strike&gt; 86 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amos, cándidos, del mundo, lo motorizamos como dice quien cree regir. Si un ¿error? mata a mil, pedirán razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;amos del mundo&quot;: paso del &quot;regir&quot; (verbo) al &quot;amos&quot; (sustantivo). A fin de cuentas, los que son amos de algo son los que lo gobiernan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;cándidos&quot;: poco advertidos. Sin ser conscientes de lo que pasa en realidad (que gobernamos el mundo). Como más adelante se dice &quot;quien cree regir&quot;, se entiende que ni nosotros ni quien cree regir sabe que en realidad nosotros gobernamos el mundo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;lo motorizamos&quot;: &quot;motorizar&quot; es &quot;dar medios mecánicos de tracción&quot;, es decir, mover algo usando una máquina. En este caso ese &quot;algo&quot; es &quot;el mundo&quot; (referenciado por &quot;lo&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;como dice&quot;: la palabra (escrita, se supone) de los regentes es la ley, las normas, las reglas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;si un error...&quot;: uso una condicional para teorizar sobre qué pasaría en caso de un evento futuro. El original da por supuesto que ese evento pasará antes o después.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;error&quot;: el original no habla de errores, pero sí de catástrofes, y desde luego una catástrofe no se provoca sin al menos un error de por medio (sea intencionado o no). El original habla simplemente de &quot;something dumb&quot;, lo cual yo interpreto de forma benigna como &quot;meterá la pata tontamente&quot;. Se entiende que es un un error de quien pasa las reglas a las máquinas, es decir, nosotros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¿error?&quot;: el original sugiere que el error puede ser algo no hecho a propósito... o sí. Se pone pues &quot;error&quot; entre signos de interrogación para indicar que el error puede serlo o no (copio la idea de @fedorqui).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;mata a mil&quot;: implícitamente se refiere a personas. Y si mil mueren se entiende que es una catástrofe. Se usa el singular al entender que con que mueran mil ya es una catástrofe, no tienen por qué ser miles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;pedirán&quot;: implícitamente se entiende que se dirigirán a nosotros (nos señalarán) y nos preguntarán.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;razones&quot;: querrán saber la causa, el motivo, la razón por la que han muerto miles, y por ende por qué ha sucedido (dejamos que pasara).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda frase está dada la vuelta para poner énfasis en el contraste entre los que hacen las reglas y los que las pasan a las máquinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descargo de responsabilidad:&lt;/strong&gt; Por debajo de la edición de 137 caracteres entramos ya en el terreno de los dobles saltos mortales con tirabuzón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T11:57:41.497" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T11:57:41.497" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-07T06:25:41.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22064" CreationDate="2017-09-07T06:48:40.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntada a la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/905416814032773120&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; (qué gran recurso), me responden con &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/905677444488802305&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, que sepamos. Se suelen utilizar denominaciones como «variante en “-ra”» y «variante en “-se”».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tampoco he encontrado nada al respecto en ningún sitio, así que de momento parece que la respuesta se queda así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T06:48:40.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22081" CreationDate="2017-09-07T07:16:34.123" Score="2" ViewCount="2187" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perder la chaveta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; = &quot;P&lt;em&gt;erder la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;Perder el juicio&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio no entendía mucho la relación entre una cosa con la otra y me puse a investigar. El parecer la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;chaveta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; proviene del latín &quot;&lt;em&gt;clavis&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que en italiano es &quot;&lt;em&gt;ciave&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (se pronuncia &quot;&lt;em&gt;chiave&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en español) cuyo diminutivo es &quot;&lt;em&gt;ciavetta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o llave pequeña. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así la expresión deriva de decir &quot;&lt;em&gt;perder la ciavetta&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;perder la llavecita&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que pasó a significar &quot;&lt;em&gt;perder la llave de la realidad&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, es decir, perder la noción de lo que es real e irreal.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Alguien tiene la primera referencia de un escritor español que utilice esta expresión?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando un uso por escrito de esta expresión. Supongo que aparecerá en alguna obra de teatro o una comedia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T07:38:53.877" Title="&quot;Perder la chaveta&quot; primer uso de esta expresión" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22080" CreationDate="2017-09-07T07:29:57.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera aparicion que muestra el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; es de mediados del s. XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene vd. razon de decir que el conde de Fuentes &lt;strong&gt;pierde la chaveta&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando se le toca la tecla de jesuitas: yo lo experimento cada correo (...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;José Nicolás de Azara, &lt;em&gt;Cartas de Azara al ministro Roda en 1768&lt;/em&gt;, 1768.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otra aparición, que el CORDE data entre 1730 y 1791, y que corresponde a una recopilación de poemas escritos por Tomas de Iriarte y publicados en 1805; pero dado que esta persona no nació hasta 1750, dudo mucho que sus poemas sean anteriores al texto que te indico de 1768.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CORDE es una recopilación, hecha por la RAE, de miles de textos escritos en español durante los &quot;últimos&quot; 1300 años. Te recomiendo que la añadas a tu caja de herramientas lingüísticas particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T07:38:53.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T07:38:53.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-07T07:57:21.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;225 184 178 164 158 147 141 134 125 116&lt;/strike&gt; 92 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cambio totalmente de tercio porque ya estamos a otro nivel. Espero poder justificar una mutilación de palabras tan atroz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somos amos ajenos, ponemos leyes de falsos amos en supermáquinas. Una ¿memez? matará a miles y nos pedirán cuentas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ajeno:&lt;/strong&gt; Que no tiene conocimiento de algo, o no está prevenido de lo que ha de suceder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uso la palabra &lt;strong&gt;supermáquinas&lt;/strong&gt; para expresar que son máquinas extraordinarias, capaces de todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T12:02:36.030" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-07T07:57:21.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-07T09:51:47.237" Score="5" ViewCount="7173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia se utiliza &lt;em&gt;tirar millas&lt;/em&gt; para designar algo o alguien que se marcha, que se larga o a quien se urge a hacerlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Mamá, no quiero hacer los deberes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Anda, ve a tu habitación a hacerlos y &lt;strong&gt;tira millas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer mi jefe me pidió un informe a última hora. Hice un apañillo, se lo envié y &lt;strong&gt;tira millas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como todos sabemos, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PFzx5LA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;milla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una unidad de distancia terrestre o náutica. Se me ocurre que combinado con &lt;em&gt;tirar&lt;/em&gt; podría tener algún origen &quot;transportístico&quot;, en tanto a que se dijera &lt;em&gt;tirar millas&lt;/em&gt; para designar a un barco que se largara de la costa. Sin embargo, en el DLE no encuentro ninguna acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zr3ZJPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tirar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que vaya en ese sentido, solamente esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zr3ZJPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tirar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  24. intr. Dicho de personas, animales o vehículos: Hacer fuerza para traer hacia sí o para llevar tras sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  30. intr. Dirigirse a uno u otro lado. Al llegar a la esquina, tire usted a la derecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe pues el origen de esta expresión? ¿Podríais también delimitar el uso que se hace, distinguiendo si su uso es siempre en un tono algo despectivo? ¿Se usa en otros lugares además de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T13:31:37.983" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T05:43:21.447" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;tirar millas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-07T10:12:35.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;189 182 171 155&lt;/s&gt; 151 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos, reyes sin saberlo e ignotos. Los que creen serlo definen reglas, que damos a quien todo hace: las máquinas. Pasará algo ¿bobo?, fatal: miles de muertos. Nos inquirirán: &quot;¿cómo lo aprobasteis?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17176/1674&quot;&gt;Me descubro ante&lt;/a&gt; Carlos Alejo con su sugerencia de &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/39866518#39866518&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ignorantes e ignorados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para la parte inicial. Contemplé &lt;em&gt;Ni él mundo ni nos lo sabemos, pero lo reinamos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Somos reyes desconocidos&lt;/em&gt;. Después cambié &lt;em&gt;ignorados&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KwHr6IH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ignotos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;1. adj. No conocido ni descubierto&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;ignorantes&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;sin saberlo&lt;/em&gt;. Así queda claro que reinan sin saberlo ni que se sepa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tonto, bobo... todo define &lt;em&gt;dumb&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catastrófico, desastroso, fatal... son sinónimos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reglas, leyes... todo es lo mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aprobar, permitir... todo traduce &lt;em&gt;let something happen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escribir, definir... todo referido a establecer leyes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QdQLrAb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LiuHrsz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inquirir&lt;/a&gt; lo uso para denotar que &lt;em&gt;se nos preguntará&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T21:44:30.350" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T21:44:30.350" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-07T10:12:35.413" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21078" CreationDate="2017-09-07T13:08:40.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de hacer un descubrimiento buenísimo que igual hasta puede dar motivo al origen de esta expresión. Veréis, las primeras expresiones que he encontrado son en el CORDE la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1873: &quot;...porque yo soy muy reseñorona y muy requete-usía, y sé dar pa el pelo, y vivan los farolones de Madrid.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1888: &quot;El &lt;em&gt;San Antonio&lt;/em&gt; naufragó en la costa marroquí, cuyos naturales, después de quemar el barco, quisieron dar para el pelo á los marinos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, por aquella época, mediados del siglo XIX, en los periódicos era muy habitual leer anuncios de productos contra la calvicie, basados en el aceite de bellotas, al que se le atribuían buenísimas propiedades. Aquellos anuncios tenían &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000423850&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta pinta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Esx7m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Esx7m.png&quot; alt=&quot;Anuncio para el pelo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, parece el típico producto milagro que lo mismo te cura la calvicie que te quita las migrañas. Este anuncio concreto ocupaba una parte importante de la sección de anuncios, y debió ser bastante famoso, porque en julio de 1872 recibió &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003706546&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente parodia&lt;/a&gt; en un semanario de carácter humorístico llamado El Garbanzo, editado en Madrid y que, por favor, os recomiendo encarecidamente que leáis y que la comparéis con el anuncio real:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OWolF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OWolF.png&quot; alt=&quot;Parodia para el pelo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No debe ser una coincidencia que no haya ningún caso de la expresión &quot;dar para el pelo&quot; antes de esta fecha. Seguramente sea una expresión creada a partir de esta parodia, o incluso a partir del anuncio del producto específico para el pelo, sabiendo ya la gente que en realidad servía para bien poco. Pero me inclino a pensar que a partir de esta parodia se creara la expresión &quot;darle a alguien para el pelo&quot; para indicar que, al igual que le pasó a la suegra, le vas a dar algo &quot;para el pelo&quot; que al final lo dejará en el cementerio. Sabemos ya por &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19748/12637&quot;&gt;otras preguntas&lt;/a&gt; que el Madrid de la época era un caldo de cultivo para la generación de este tipo de frases jocosas a la mínima de cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-05-31T07:02:29.417" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T07:02:29.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5350" CreationDate="2017-09-07T14:46:00.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy de acuerdo con la respuesta que han dado. No es una duplicación de pronombres, pues cada uno tiene una función diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En «Te hace sentirte mal», el primer «te» corresponde al pronombre de acusativo o dativo del verbo «hacer», mientras que el segundo corresponde al pronombre reflexivo del verbo «sentirse». La prueba de que no son el mismo pronombre la tenemos en la tercera persona: «Lo/la/le hace sentirse», y no «*Se hace sentirse».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como aclaración, digo pronombre de acusativo o dativo porque ambos son correctos, pero se prefiere el de acusativo. La explicación es esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los verbos hacer y dejar, cuando tienen sentido «causativo», esto es, cuando significan, respectivamente, ‘obligar’ y ‘permitir’, siguen la misma estructura que los verbos de influencia: «verbo causativo + complemento de persona + verbo subordinado». Tanto hacer como dejar tienden a construirse con complemento directo si el verbo subordinado es intransitivo (esto es, carece de complemento directo): «Él LA hizo bajar a su estudio y le mostró el cuadro» (Aguilera Caricia [Méx. 1983]); «LO dejé hablar» (Azuela Tamaño [Méx. 1973]); y tienden a construirse con complemento indirecto cuando el segundo verbo es transitivo (es decir, lleva, a su vez, un complemento directo): «Alguien lo ayudó a incorporarse, lo estimuló y hasta LE hizo tomar café» (JmnzEmán Tramas [Ven. 1991]); «El alcaide de la cárcel LE dejaba tocar el banjo todas las mañanas» (Cela Cristo [Esp. 1988]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en lo que respecta a este caso concreto, vemos que tiende a construirse con el pronombre de acusativo «la», dado que «sentir», en este contexto, es intransitivo pronominal, aunque también hay ejemplos de construcción con pronombre de dativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17598" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T14:46:00.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22087" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22098" CreationDate="2017-09-07T19:08:01.980" Score="3" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el juego de &lt;em&gt;translation golf&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22076/14069&quot;&gt;esta semana&lt;/a&gt; me ha surgido una duda al escribir esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni nosotros ni el mundo &lt;strong&gt;sabe&lt;/strong&gt; aún que lo gobernamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien? ¿O sería así?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni nosotros ni el mundo &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt; aún que lo gobernamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se decide qué conjugación lleva el verbo? ¿Concordaría con &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; o con &lt;em&gt;el mundo&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cambiaría algo si dijera &quot;ni el mundo ni nosotros&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T20:57:26.827" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T06:50:53.870" Title="Concordancia del verbo en sujetos compuestos" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2902" CreationDate="2017-09-07T21:25:30.797" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;there might not be a great answer, in Spanish it might be &quot;cualquier cosa&quot;, but I will really get an understanding as a meta-equivalent of something, or &quot;anything&quot;, but there are different ways of understanding the same language, either English, Spanish or others... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17602" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T21:25:30.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-08T00:46:57.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;188&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;169&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;144&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;141&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;122&lt;/strike&gt; 89 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Movemos el mundo ocultos, ignaros, dando leyes de seudojefes a equipos. Y tras hecho (¿bobo?), matanza para argüir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo dijo Carlos Alejo... vamos con triple mortal sin agua en la piscina, a seguir replanteando recursos para @walen en el último minuto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al usar el mover, se toma con su cuarta acepción (causa u ocasión)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;se determina que habrá un hecho, no necesariamente un error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;al tener que argüir, se requiere haber sido señalado &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T19:37:50.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:37:50.723" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-08T00:46:57.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22105" CreationDate="2017-09-08T01:37:41.970" Score="10" ViewCount="1670" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;All over the place&quot; es una frase idiomática para expresar que algo carece de orden y estructura. Básicamente, alude a lo &lt;em&gt;disperso&lt;/em&gt; de lo que se quiere explicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si yo redactase una publicación y empezase explicando una idea, pero luego me fuese por las ramas con otras ideas pero de vez en cuando volviese a lo principal y en vez de estructurar con claridad lo que quiero expresar pareciesen varias ideas en el mismo saco, alguien podría decir que en mi publicación mis ideas están &quot;all over the place&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traducción literal como (estar) &quot;por todas partes&quot; puede servir en muchos de los contextos, especialmente si nos referimos a objetos físicos. Sin embargo, cuando el uso es más simbólico o referido a conceptos abstractos esa traducción puede no funcionar tan bien. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm really distracted lately. My thoughts are &lt;em&gt;all over the place&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I didn't like his essay. His ideas were &lt;em&gt;all over the place&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una frase idiomática equivalente en español a &quot;all over the place&quot; para indicar que ideas o conceptos son incoherentes, poco claros, dispersos, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T14:31:25.123" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T03:44:40.240" Title="¿Cómo expresar en español &quot;all over the place&quot; para indicar ideas incoherentes o poco estructuradas?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-08T01:57:04.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá pueda servir la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir por las ramas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. En cuyo caso las frases quedarían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy muy distraído ultimamente, mis pensamientos se van por las ramas (En este caso suena no muy bien)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me gusta su ensayo. Sus ideas se van por las ramas (Suena algo mejor acá)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la primera idea que se me viene y que suena lógica aunque no se sea la mejor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T10:42:23.107" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:42:23.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12645" CreationDate="2017-09-08T02:01:25.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SITE AFFILIATION DISCLAIMER&lt;/strong&gt;: This user is the owner, a PR, or otherwise related to the external site linked in their answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MUY&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muy is an adverb which means &quot;very&quot; in English. This word has only&#xA;one form regardless of gender (masculine/feminine) or number&#xA;(plural/singular).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is often used before an adjective to enhance its intensity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy muy enojado - I am very angry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi abuelita es muy baja - My grandmother is very short&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can also be used before an adverb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo hablo muy despacio - I speak very slowly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It needs to be accompanied by an adverb or an adverb. It never stands alone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you say, &quot;Sí, mucho&quot; instead of &quot;si, muy&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishto-english.com/muy-vs-mucho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Muy vs Mucho - How and when to use&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17273" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:27:26.357" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:27:26.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2017-09-08T02:05:51.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nice to meet you = Encantada de conocerte/Mucho gusto/Encantado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s nice to see you - Que gusto de verte (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m glad to see you - Que gusto de verlo (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17273" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T02:05:51.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22095" CreationDate="2017-09-08T04:33:16.577" Score="4" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the following excerpt of the book &lt;em&gt;El Quijote: para estudiantes de español&lt;/em&gt;, the protagonist, Don Quijote, is addressing a man, but speaks to him using 2nd person plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces vio a un niño atado a un árbol. El niño gritaba mientras un&#xA;  hombre le golpeaba con un palo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don Quijote sacó la lanza y apuntando al hombre dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Cobarde¡ ¿&lt;strong&gt;Pegáis&lt;/strong&gt; a un niño? ¿&lt;strong&gt;Pegáis&lt;/strong&gt; a quien no puede defenderse?&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Pelead&lt;/strong&gt; conmigo y &lt;strong&gt;sabréis&lt;/strong&gt; lo que es pelear con un hombre.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I've seen 2nd person plural used to directly address a &lt;strong&gt;single person&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can somebody explain this usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-03T14:08:20.907" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T14:08:20.907" Title="Can someone explain why 2nd person plural is used when speaking to a single person?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22094" CreationDate="2017-09-08T06:15:55.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Middle Ages it was quite common to use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; as courtesy pronoun for the second person, and it uses the verb in the 2nd person plural. This also happened in English, where the 2nd person plural (&lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;) was also used as courtesy for the singular, instead of &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt;; this became so common that &lt;em&gt;thou&lt;/em&gt; was relegated altogether as is no longer used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Quijote&lt;/em&gt; was written a bit later, at the beginning of the 17th century; by that time, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; was used only in contempt, as Don Quijote does here (the courtesy form was then &lt;em&gt;vuesa merced&lt;/em&gt;, which later became &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;). He does the same when addressing Sancho when he is angry at him. Nowadays, this usage remains common in Portugal's Portuguese, where &lt;em&gt;você&lt;/em&gt; is only used in contempt or addressing an inferior; in Brazil, however, &lt;em&gt;você&lt;/em&gt; is the usual pronoun for addressing anybody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is still commonly used nowadays in some countries, mainly in the South Cone, but in the form known as &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;; this has a special conjugation for the second person, somewhat middle of the road between the singular (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;) and plural (&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;) forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2019-09-03T11:55:48.523" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T11:55:48.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22087" CreationDate="2017-09-08T06:18:03.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que a mí me pasaba lo mismo que a ti con las frases que presentas como ejemplo, pero el comentario de @guifa da la puntilla. ¿Y si la frase fuese afirmativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros y el mundo &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt; que lo gobernamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece claro que hay que usar la primera persona del plural, ya que todos (nosotros incluidos) sabemos que lo gobernamos. Más claro queda también si le damos la vuelta a los elementos del sujeto en la frase original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni el mundo ni nosotros &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt; aún que lo gobernamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si escribimos &quot;ni el mundo ni nosotros sabe&quot; la oración parece claramente incorrecta. Y desde luego, el número del verbo no debería cambiar al alterar simplemente el orden de los elementos del sujeto o al pasar la oración a afirmativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el tiempo correcto (tal y como comentó @DGaleano) es el que mantiene la concordancia: &lt;strong&gt;sabemos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T06:18:03.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22104" CreationDate="2017-09-08T06:47:43.113" Score="5" ViewCount="7483" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este verano tuvimos un día como invitados en la casa de la playa a una familia originaria de Colombia. Como amante del lenguaje, esperaba ansioso el momento en el que pudiera aprender alguna palabra o expresión nueva, y este llegó de la siguiente forma: el padre de la familia estaba hablando de que al salir de Sevilla habían visto un control policial, y que hasta había un policía con un &quot;changón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro, ahí fue cuando miré con cara de estupefacción y pregunté qué era un changón, y me comentaron que en España nosotros le decíamos &quot;escopeta&quot;. Busqué &quot;changón&quot; en el DLE y en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, pero solo encontré una referencia en este último, y no era lo que esperaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chang%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;changón, -na.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  adj. Ec. Referido a persona, de piernas robustas y bien formadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenía pues el significado en Ecuador pero seguía sin tener el de Colombia, que encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/www/significado/palabra/chang%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en otra página&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en Colombia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escopeta, deriva de la forma errónea de pronunciar &quot;shotgun&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Voy a sacar el changón y voy a encender a plomo a ese pirobo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que confirmé el significado pero el origen me dejó sorprendido. ¿Podría alguien de Colombia confirmar este origen? ¿Es la palabra de uso general en todo el país, o solo en alguna región? ¿Se usa en algún otro país?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T08:02:10.943" LastActivityDate="2021-04-26T04:00:36.497" Title="Uso de &quot;changón&quot; en Colombia: significado, localización y origen" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22087" CreationDate="2017-09-08T06:50:53.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El la página de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Concordancia_entre_sujeto_y_verbo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; que trata de la concordancia verbal dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En general, cuando hay varios sujetos, aunque esté cada uno en&#xA;  singular, la concordancia debe hacerse con el verbo en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si los sujetos son de distinta persona, el verbo concuerda en plural&#xA;  con la persona que tenga prioridad (la primera persona tiene prioridad&#xA;  sobre la segunda y tercera; y la segunda, sobre la tercera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto en mi frase el verbo debe ir en plural y al haber un pronombre en primera persona el verbo irá en primera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; también tenemos información al respecto de este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; Si entre dos o más elementos coordinados figura un pronombre de&#xA;  segunda persona (y ninguno de primera), la concordancia con el verbo y&#xA;  con los demás pronombres se establece en segunda persona del plural o,&#xA;  en las zonas del mundo hispánico donde no se usa el pronombre&#xA;  vosotros, sino ustedes, en tercera persona del plural: &lt;em&gt;«La niña y tú&#xA;  cobraréis lo que es vuestro»&lt;/em&gt; (Leguina Nombre [Esp. 1992]); &lt;em&gt;«Murphy y&#xA;  tú son unos testigos peligrosísimos»&lt;/em&gt; (VLlosa Fiesta [Perú 2000]); si&#xA;  hay un pronombre de primera persona, la concordancia se establece en&#xA;  primera persona del plural: &lt;em&gt;«¿Te acuerdas de aquel día en que bailamos&#xA;  Chema, tú y yo?»&lt;/em&gt; (Diosdado Trescientos [Esp. 1991]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ni nosotros ni el mundo sabe aún que lo gobernamos&lt;/code&gt;   ❌  Mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ni nosotros ni el mundo sabemos aún que lo gobernamos&lt;/code&gt;  ✔️ Bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T06:50:53.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22100" CreationDate="2017-09-08T07:40:03.473" Score="5" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say we have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo sé.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tú sabes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Él sabe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nosotros sabemos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vosotros sabéis.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ellos saben.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far so good. However:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú y yo sabemos. --&gt; Person: Nosotros?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tú y él sabéis.  --&gt; Person: Vosotros?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nosotros y ellos sabemos.  --&gt; Person: Nosotros, why not ellos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tú y todo el mundo sabéis. --&gt; Person: Vosotros, why not ellos o nosotros?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like there is an established order between persons, is it so?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How do we know which one to use when there's many different persons?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;E.g. &lt;em&gt;Ellos, yo y tú mismo {sabemos? sabeis? sabes?}&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:02:48.210" Title="Is there some kind of &quot;precedence&quot; when using multiple persons with a single verb?" Tags="&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22099" CreationDate="2017-09-08T07:54:11.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Castellano&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, hay una prioridad con las personas a la hora de concordar el verbo, lo he descubierto investigando para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/concordancia-del-verbo-en-sujetos-compuestos&quot;&gt;mi pregunta&lt;/a&gt; sobre sujetos compuestos. La primera persona tiene prioridad sobre las demás y la segunda la tiene sobre la tercera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Concordancia_entre_sujeto_y_verbo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si los sujetos son de distinta persona, el verbo concuerda en plural&#xA;  con la persona que tenga prioridad (la primera persona tiene prioridad&#xA;  sobre la segunda y tercera; y la segunda, sobre la tercera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan y yo iremos al cine, así que tú y Olga tendréis que esperar un rato hasta que lleguemos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a priority with people when it comes to agreeing with the verb. I found out while investigating for &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/concordancia-del-verbo-en-sujetos-compuestos&quot;&gt;my question&lt;/a&gt; about compound subjects. The first person has the priority over the other, as well as the second over the third.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T10:02:48.210" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:02:48.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22099" CreationDate="2017-09-08T08:29:05.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on what you want to emphasise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu y yo sabemos = Nostros sabemos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing is that when you say &quot;nosotros&quot; it could be an unlimited number of people. Let's put an example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me and you know he is cheating on her .- Here the emphasis is that you and me know something. I am not talking about other people&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We know he is cheating on her. .- Me and you know it but there could be other that know it too. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is not and established order between people&lt;/strong&gt;. However, as @blonfu points in the comments, the use &quot;yo&quot; the last is a respect formality, not gramatical rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, normally the rule is to put &quot;I&quot; &lt;strong&gt;(YO) is the last&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could never say &quot;Yo y tu sabemos&quot;, the proper way to say it is &quot;Tu y yo&quot;; &quot;Yo y ellos pensamos...&quot; the proper way is &quot;Ellos y yo pensamos...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't say &quot; Ellos, yo y tu sabemos..&quot; the right way is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ellos, tu y yo sabemos&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T09:51:50.010" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T09:51:50.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-08T08:36:29.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas expresiones que se me ocurren para decir lo mismo que &quot;all over the place&quot; son::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las ideas están &lt;strong&gt;desperdigadas&lt;/strong&gt; por el texto/documento/parrafo/post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Irse por las ramas&quot; también puede decirse como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irse por los cerros de Úbeda&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.muyinteresante.es/cultura/arte-cultura/articulo/ide-donde-viene-la-expresion-qirse-por-los-cerros-de-ubedaq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No ir al grano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T10:42:07.253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:42:07.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22083" CreationDate="2017-09-08T08:54:43.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el origen de la expresión está en el método naútico del cálculo de velocidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El método está explicado un poco más abajo. &quot;Tirar millas&quot; era algo muy común en los barcos para medir la velocidad cuando no hay referencias físicas para medir distancias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien que se sube en un barco &quot;tira millas&quot;, proceso necesario para saber velocidad y así calcular tiempo y distancia (aproximados) a un punto del mapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Método tradicional para la medición de velocidad en los barcos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La corredera era un método de medición que utilizaba una placa de madera, generalmente con forma de arco y con un peso en uno de los&#xA;  extremos para que flotara en vertical en el agua. La placa se ataba a&#xA;  una cuerda fina y larga con nudos distribuidos en espacios&#xA;  equidistantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un marinero lanzaba la madera al agua junto con la cuerda arrastrando&#xA;  mientras otro utilizaba un reloj de arena para medir el número de&#xA;  nudos que discurrían en un intervalo de tiempo determinado, midiendo&#xA;  así la velocidad del barco en número de nudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El intervalo entre los nudos y el tiempo varió al principio, pero una&#xA;  versión de esta herramienta de mediados del siglo XVIII (descrita en&#xA;  Relación histórica del viaje hecho de orden de su Majestad a la&#xA;  América Meridional, de Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa) establecía los&#xA;  nudos a 1/120 de una milla cada 30 segundos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desde entonces todo esto se ha estandarizado basándose en la milla&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  náutica, que equivale a 1,852 kilómetros. Un nudo equivale por tanto a&#xA;  una milla náutica por hora que a su vez equivale a 1,852 km/h.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.gizmodo.com/por-que-se-mide-la-velocidad-de-los-barcos-en-nudos-1543713924&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:54:43.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22097" CreationDate="2017-09-08T09:47:09.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual que pasaba con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19457/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gonorrea&lt;/em&gt; como insulto&lt;/a&gt;, parece que esta es otra palabra del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlache&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;parlache&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, esto es, una jerga propia de los barrios marginales de la ciudad de Medellín caracterizados por la ultraviolencia de los años 90 y probablemente extraída del visionado y emulación de películas tipo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film188896.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Scarface&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1983).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=chang%C3%B3n&amp;amp;year_start=1960&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cchang%C3%B3n%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;changón&lt;/em&gt; en Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt; nos muestra cómo esta palabra empezó a usarse básicamente en los años 80 y creció espectacularmente en los 90, en los años de apogeo del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartel_de_Medell%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cartel de Medellín&lt;/a&gt;. Su descenso posterior y, a continuación, subida, lo explicaría por que se pudiera convertir en tabú durante los años posteriores a la caída de ese cartel y modo de vida, para luego pasar a ser popular a medida que se realizaran libros, películas y demás sobre esas gentes y épocas. Como observaste, ahora mismo es una palabra de uso más o menos común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=chang%C3%B3n&amp;amp;year_start=1960&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cchang%C3%B3n%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nw2Es.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Revisando los resultados encontré un estudio prolijo al respecto llamado&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/8177/Tlscnde1de1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caracterización lexicológica y lexográfica del parlache para la elaboración de un diccionario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En él aparece la definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;changón&lt;/strong&gt;: Escopeta recortada, de fabricación casera, de un solo tiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;changonazo&lt;/strong&gt;: Balazo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego leemos cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas las palabras que se forman con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; están en relación con la violencia, el engaño o el consumo de droga: &lt;em&gt;changonazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;frutazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pepazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;latazo&lt;/em&gt;, hacen referencia al golpe que se recibe con un arma de fuego o blanca, en el caso de &lt;em&gt;latazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en la página 184 habla de los &lt;em&gt;Anglicismos presentes en parlache&lt;/em&gt; y muestra una lista en la que aparece &lt;em&gt;changón&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el parlache los préstamos del inglés han sufrido, en su mayoría, una adaptación fonética y gráfica acorde con las normas de la lengua española. En primer término, escriben las palabras como las pronuncian, incluso con la tendencia a reemplazar la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; por la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;. Es más frecuente encontrar &lt;em&gt;bai&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;by&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de que en los colegios se enseña inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando otras referencias que aparecen en Google Ngram encuentro cosas como &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=UafsAAAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asedios a la literatura de nuestra América Latina: García Márquez, Isaacs, De Silvestre, Sábato, García Marruz, Cardoso y Arreola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2003), de Eliana Garzón Duarte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vocablos como: changón, o sea el arma de fuego hecha artesanalmente, parcero o el amigo de bandidaje, fierro (el cual significa arma punzante o revóver) ubican al personaje en una escala de valores, cosificada por el poder del arrojo (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=RFu9AAAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verdugo de Verdugos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2002), de Fabio Restrepo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;changón: escopeta con el cañón recortado (del inglés &lt;em&gt;short gun&lt;/em&gt; [sic])&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Nótese que aquí habla de &lt;em&gt;short gun&lt;/em&gt; y no de &lt;em&gt;shotgun&lt;/em&gt;, que supuestamente es de donde realmente viene la palabra.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=UtW3AAAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Crónicas a bordo de un taxi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2004), de Juan Carlos Díez contemplamos el uso entrecomillado de la expresión, señal de que aún se estaba incorporando al diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y trataron de correr tras el sujeto del «changón». En ésas, varios taxistas se les echaron encima, los redujeron y comenzaron a golpearlos sin tregua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así muchas referencias más, como por ejemplo la del libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=DO4uAAAAYAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leidy Tabares, la niña que vendía rosas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que hace referencia a la protagonista de la famosa película de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film150105.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La vendedora de rosas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1998) que narra el submundo del Medellín de mediados de los 90.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T21:41:51.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:10:00.987" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a frases que pueden comunicar el sentido, tanto literal como figurado, de &quot;estar algo por todas partes&quot;, me viene a la mente especialmente una:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=ton&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sin ton ni son&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. coloqs. Sin motivo, ocasión o causa, o fuera de orden y medida. U. t. c. locs. adjs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usándola en tus ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy muy distraída últimamente. Mis pensamientos van &lt;em&gt;sin ton ni son&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me gustó su ensayo. Ponía sus ideas &lt;em&gt;sin ton ni son&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras expresiones válidas son: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=orden&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sin orden ni concierto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (definición al final de todo), &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=avQA4Jd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;al tuntún&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o, ya estirando un poco, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=aqu%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir de aquí para allá&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a palabras, se podrían usar: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=DF6bgCQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desordenado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=DKo7MvH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desperdigado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o incluso &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=esturreado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esturreado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a lo indicado en otras respuestas sobre Ⓧ&quot;irse por las ramas&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;no me convence&lt;/strong&gt;, pues tiene un significado bastante especifico que no tiene por que implicar desorden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ⓧ &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=rama&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;irse alguien por las ramas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Detenerse en lo menos sustancial de un asunto, dejando lo más importante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:10:00.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:40:06.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra divagar tiene tres acepciones en el DLE, dos de las cuales podrían utilizarse con el sentido que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E0Vu0uB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;divagar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Separarse del asunto de que se trata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Hablar o escribir sin concierto ni propósito fijo y determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepcion 2 es similar a &lt;em&gt;irse por las ramas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;salirse por peteneras&lt;/em&gt;, salirse del asunto principal y la 3 se relaciona más con las expresiones que propone @walen: &lt;em&gt;sin ton ni son, sin orden ni concierto, al tuntún&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usándolo en tus frase sería algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy muy distraído últimamente. Divago mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me gustó su ensayo. Divagaba demasiado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T03:25:44.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:48:50.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por animarme a dar otra respuesta, yo haré énfasis en una opción que ya se plantea en la propia pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;disperso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DxMkRyL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disperso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;dispersus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;dispergĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'esparcir, desparramar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que está dispersado. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese lo de que se aplica a personas. En cuanto a &quot;dispersado&quot;, la acepción que nos ocupa es la segunda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DxI3tTs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dispersar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dividir el esfuerzo, la atención o la actividad, aplicándolos desordenadamente en múltiples direcciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra &quot;disperso&quot; evoca en la mente del lector lo mismo que &quot;all over the place&quot;, que da una sensación de &quot;desperdigado&quot;. Así, tus ejemplos quedarían así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me distraigo mucho ultimamente, mis pensamientos andan &lt;strong&gt;dispersos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No me gustó su ensayo. Sus ideas estaban &lt;strong&gt;dispersas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:48:50.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22108" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:13:30.710" Score="3" ViewCount="6552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hemos investigado ya &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18982/12637&quot;&gt;en otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; que poner &quot;yo&quot; al final de una enumeración es solo cuestión de cortesía &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=yo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;y no de lingüística&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por razones de cortesía, es costumbre colocarlo en último lugar cuando forma parte de una enumeración: &lt;em&gt;«Andrés, Quique y yo caminábamos entre las tumbas»&lt;/em&gt; (GaRamis Días [P. Rico 1986]); no hay, sin embargo, justificación lingüística para censurar su anteposición: &lt;em&gt;«Te querrán tanto como yo y Leonardo D’Amaro te hemos querido»&lt;/em&gt; (Alegre Locus [Esp. 1989]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, vamos a intentar profundizar y a tirar de historia. ¿Cuál es el origen de esta cortesía? ¿Surgió en algún momento de la historia del español o viene de antes? ¿Tuvo en algún momento la RAE alguna opinión más estricta sobre el tema? (Quiero decir, que en algún momento obligara a poner &quot;yo&quot; al final.) ¿Cuál ha sido históricamente la opinión de la RAE sobre este tema? ¿Siempre ha sido la misma (la actual)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T14:48:26.327" Title="Origen de la cortesía de poner &quot;yo&quot; al final" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22109" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22110" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:35:30.860" Score="5" ViewCount="8234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la pregunta de Diego &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22090/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo expresar en espa&amp;#241;ol &amp;quot;all over the place&amp;quot; para indicar ideas incoherentes o poco estructuradas?&lt;/a&gt; me topé con la parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Existe una frase idiomática equivalente en español a &quot;all over the place&quot; para indicar que ideas o conceptos son incoherentes, poco claros, dispersos, &lt;strong&gt;etc?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte que me hizo dudar es la última: estoy acostumbrado a ver &lt;em&gt;etcétera&lt;/em&gt; abreviado como &lt;em&gt;etc**.**&lt;/em&gt;, con el punto al final, por lo que habría escrito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Existe una frase idiomática equivalente en español a &quot;all over the place&quot; para indicar que ideas o conceptos son incoherentes, poco claros, dispersos, &lt;strong&gt;etc.?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también es cierto que antes de los signos de interrogación o exclamación no se pone un punto. El DPD en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interrogación y exclamación (signos de)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; habla del &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras los signos de cierre puede colocarse cualquier signo de puntuación, salvo el punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su artículo sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;punto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; habla otra vez del &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.3. Si el punto de una abreviatura coincide con el punto de cierre del enunciado, solo debe escribirse un punto, nunca dos: &lt;em&gt;A la boda fueron todos sus parientes: tíos, primos, sobrinos, etc. Fueron en total ciento veinte invitados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y curiosamente hablando de otros temas utiliza &lt;em&gt;etc.&lt;/em&gt; seguido de una coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.2. Aunque todavía es práctica común en los números escritos con cifras separar los millares, millones, &lt;strong&gt;etc.&lt;/strong&gt;, (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sigo sin encontrar referencia concreta al caso de &lt;em&gt;etc.&lt;/em&gt; u otros similares que pudiera haber. ¿Cómo se escribe pues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T19:58:11.297" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T19:58:11.297" Title="¿Se escribe el punto de &quot;etc.&quot; si va antes de un signo de cierre de interrogación o de exclamación?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22109" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:48:24.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=abreviatura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abreviatura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Ortografía&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d) Se escribe siempre punto detrás de las abreviaturas, salvo: (...) aquellas en las que el punto se sustituye por una barra (...); las abreviaturas que van entre paréntesis (...); las abreviaturas que llevan letras voladas, en las que el punto se escribe delante de estas (...); las abreviaturas que coinciden con final de oración o de párrafo (...). &lt;strong&gt;Los otros signos de puntuación (coma, punto y coma, puntos suspensivos, signo de interrogación, etc.) sí deben escribirse tras el punto de la abreviatura&lt;/strong&gt; (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo cual se entiende que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt;: en el caso de interrogaciones y exclamaciones, aunque la abreviatura sea la última palabra antes del signo de cierre, se debe escribir el punto igualmente, sea &quot;etc.&quot; o cualquier otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He resumido mucho el párrafo del DPD porque es bastante largo, pero todos los ejemplos y demás se pueden consultar ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:54:11.947" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:54:11.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21968" CreationDate="2017-09-08T13:05:33.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/dar-tomar-por-saco-culo.371407/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a forum post on WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, the original form may have been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar donde se rompe el saco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Theory number one&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;rip in the bag&quot; would correspond to one's buttcrack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's &lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070324043417AAjJewo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;another source&lt;/a&gt; claiming the same origin for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En su origen era &quot;que te den por donde se rompe el saco&quot; (el &quot;saco&quot; era el calzón que se utilizaba antiguamente, en lugar de pantalones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one says that a &lt;em&gt;&quot;saco&quot;&lt;/em&gt; was a type of pants.&#xA;And RAE does cite something similar as the meanings 4-6 of &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WwqIKzJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saco&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Vestidura tosca y áspera de paño burdo o sayal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Especie de gabán grande y, en general, vestidura holgada que no se ajusta al cuerpo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Vestido corto que usaban los antiguos romanos, excepto los varones consulares, en tiempo de guerra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it has had a meaning as different clothes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Theory number two&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the equivalent expression in German is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fick dich ins Knie!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple sources (eg. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.redensarten-index.de/suche.php?suchbegriff=~~Fick%20dich%20ins%20Knie%21&amp;amp;bool=relevanz&amp;amp;suchspalte%5B%5D=rart_ou&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;) would quote 'Knie' here not to mean 'knee' but be a shortened version of 'Kniefiez', meaning an avaricious person. If the expression was borrowed, it could have been translated as saco as per the expression 'La avaricia rompe el saco.' That would explain the rather weird use of 'por donde' as combining the German 'ins' matching 'por' in this context and 'donde' from the Spanish expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The timeframes would make some sense with the German expression being born in the early 1940s in its long form and the first occurrence of the Spanish one in the CREA in the 1990s. Google NGram quotes one case in the year 1920 (statistical noise?) and a steady uptake from the 1960s onwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is to be taken with a large pinch of salt: forum posts can't be called a credible source, and Spanish is not my first, second, third, fourth or even fifth language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="17605" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T11:23:37.027" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T11:23:37.027" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22114" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:03:34.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre las normas de acentuación: escritura, acentuación de palabras derivadas, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about the rules for accent marks: in writing, in derived words etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:06:23.813" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:06:23.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22115" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:03:34.413" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre las normas de acentuación: escritura, acentuación de palabras derivadas, etc. // Questions about the rules for accent marks: in writing, in derived words etc" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T14:06:23.813" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T14:06:23.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22116" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:04:38.323" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:04:38.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:04:38.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22117" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:04:38.323" Score="0" Body="Preguntas que buscan una frase hecha (modismo) para expresar un concepto. POR FAVOR ayúdanos a ayudarte: incluye en tu pregunta una frase que muestre el contexto, con ______ en el lugar que va a ocupar el modismo solicitado.  || Looking for a Spanish idiom by submitting a definition or explanation.  PLEASE let us help you by providing an example sentence with _____ in place of the idiom you're looking for. " OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T06:14:34.813" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T06:14:34.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22118" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:07:14.690" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:07:14.690" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:07:14.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22119" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:07:14.690" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del infinitivo verbal.  Questions about the infinitive (the form of the verb that appears in bold type at the beginning of an entry in a dictionary).  It's the form of the verb that's not conjugated.  Infinitives end in *-ar, -er*, or *-ir*.  Examples: *pintar, meter, escribir.*" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T12:42:40.793" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T12:42:40.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22120" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22121" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del pronombre reflexivo &quot;se&quot;." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:07:50.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22122" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22123" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de las distintas personas gramaticales (primera del plural, tercera del singular, etc.)." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:09:50.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22124" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22125" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del participio verbal." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:10:09.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22126" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22127" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del pronombre &quot;lo&quot;." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:11:30.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22128" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22129" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del singular y el plural." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:12:19.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22130" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22131" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre fonología. La fonología estudia los elementos fónicos, o unidades, de una lengua desde el punto de vista de su función." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:14:01.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22132" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22133" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre conceptos específicos de la escritura (nombre de los símbolos usados, etc.)." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:15:01.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22134" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22135" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el origen, significado y uso de insultos." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:16:06.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22136" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22137" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre fonética. La fonética estudia el inventario de los sonidos de una lengua con arreglo a las diferencias articulatorias perceptibles." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:16:52.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22138" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22139" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de las categorías gramaticales (verbo, sustantivo, adjetivo, determinante, etc.)." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:18:20.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22140" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22141" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" Score="0" Body="Preguntas que buscan palabras que signifiquen lo contrario que otra palabra o concepto." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:19:22.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22142" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:20:34.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Véase también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/transliteraci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;transliteraci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;transliteraci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/palabras-extranjeras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;palabras-extranjeras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;palabras-extranjeras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T13:00:20.413" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T13:00:20.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22143" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:20:34.940" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de palabras extranjeras dentro del idioma español." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:20:34.940" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:20:34.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22144" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:22:29.740" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:22:29.740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:22:29.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22145" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:22:29.740" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de contracciones (&quot;al&quot;, &quot;del&quot;, u otras menos correctas). // For questions about the use of contractions such as &quot;al&quot;, &quot;del&quot;, and other less correct ones." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="21356" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T21:27:10.340" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T21:27:10.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22146" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22147" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del español en conversación." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:22:48.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22148" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:23:53.317" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:23:53.317" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:23:53.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22149" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:23:53.317" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre prefijos // Questions about prefixes" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T06:27:29.570" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T06:27:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22150" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22151" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre modismos y frases hechas." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:24:55.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22152" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22153" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el tiempo verbal de indicativo." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:27:21.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22154" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:28:28.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Véase también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/pronombres&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;pronombres&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;pronombres&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/la%c3%adsmo-le%c3%adsmo-lo%c3%adsmo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;la&amp;#237;smo-le&amp;#237;smo-lo&amp;#237;smo&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;la&amp;#237;smo-le&amp;#237;smo-lo&amp;#237;smo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:58:32.753" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:58:32.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22155" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:28:28.903" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso no estándar de los pronombres &quot;la&quot;, &quot;le&quot; y &quot;lo&quot;. Para preguntas sobre el uso estándar, usa [clíticos]." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:16:00.007" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:16:00.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22156" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22157" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre normas y estilos de redacción de textos en español." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:30:02.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22158" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22159" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre oraciones subordinadas." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:30:21.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22160" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22161" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre palabras extranjeras que se han adaptado al español, sin apenas variación." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:32:00.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22162" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22163" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" Score="0" Body="Preguntas relacionadas con el mundo de la enseñanza." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:32:53.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22164" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22165" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre las diferencias de pronunciación de s, c y z en las diferentes regiones de habla española." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:33:38.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22166" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22167" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre las palabras usadas para denotar una pregunta." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:34:47.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22168" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22169" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre los distintos tipos de rima y sus usos." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:35:27.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22170" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22171" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la historia y uso de las vocales en español." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:36:29.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22172" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22173" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre posesivos." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:36:39.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22174" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22175" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del español a nivel masivo, como por ejemplo en cine." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:39:49.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22176" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22177" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la composición de las palabras y cómo se forman." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:40:41.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22178" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22179" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de palabras con un significado distinto del que tienen propio." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:44:42.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22180" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22181" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del español en literatura." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:45:17.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22182" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:45:50.773" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:45:50.773" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:45:50.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22183" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:45:50.773" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre neutralidad de género y lenguaje inclusivo. // For questions about gender-neutral language and inclusive language." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T21:28:56.770" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T21:28:56.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22184" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:46:21.580" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:46:21.580" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:46:21.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22185" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:46:21.580" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el español usado en el mundo legal // For question about Spanish language used in the legal profession" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-11-12T08:32:27.890" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T08:32:27.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22186" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22187" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre palabras que sirven para señalar personas (ése), situaciones (ayer), lugares (allá)... cuyo punto de referencia es relativo a quien habla." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:48:54.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22188" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22189" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre dichos populares y frases hechas." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:50:32.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22190" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:51:14.560" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:51:14.560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:51:14.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22191" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:51:14.560" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del español en canciones. // Questions about the use of Spanish in songs." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T06:43:24.973" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T06:43:24.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22192" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:52:09.860" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:52:09.860" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:52:09.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22193" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:52:09.860" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre los significados que las palabras tienen recogidos específicamente en el diccionario. / Questions about dictionary definitions." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-04T19:10:55.167" LastActivityDate="2019-08-04T19:10:55.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22194" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22195" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre refranes españoles. No confundir con modismos ni dichos." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:52:32.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22196" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:53:00.277" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:53:00.277" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:53:00.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22197" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:53:00.277" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el español usado en Puerto Rico. // For questions about the use of Spanish in Puerto Rico." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="21356" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T21:26:33.220" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T21:26:33.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22198" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22199" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre los verbos que se usan con pronombres reflexivos (me, se...)." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:55:01.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22200" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22201" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre palabras relacionadas con el mundo de la Medicina." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:55:23.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22202" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:57:23.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Véase también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/palabras-extranjeras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;palabras-extranjeras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;palabras-extranjeras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T12:59:46.230" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T12:59:46.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22203" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:57:23.867" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre cómo escribir, en español, palabras de otros idiomas de manera que suenen como en el idioma original." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:57:23.867" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:57:23.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22204" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22205" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso, formación y pronunciación de siglas. No confundir con abreviaturas." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:57:54.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22206" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22207" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el sujeto gramatical." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:59:35.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22208" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:00:03.493" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:00:03.493" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:00:03.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22209" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:00:03.493" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre el idioma portugués y el español. // For use on questions about the relationships between Portuguese and Spanish." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="21356" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T21:27:01.920" LastActivityDate="2019-06-26T21:27:01.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22210" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22211" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre palabras o expresiones antiguas que ya no se usan en el español actual." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:01:39.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22212" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22213" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre las normas de concordancia entre el verbo y el resto de elementos de la oración." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:02:07.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22214" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:03:31.877" Score="0" Body="" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T00:03:31.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T00:03:31.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22215" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:03:31.877" Score="0" Body="Elementos geográficos, pueblos, países, ríos, etc. Elements of geography such as towns, countries, rivers, etc." OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:25:27.920" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:25:27.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22216" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27624" CreationDate="2017-09-09T02:09:28.920" Score="9" ViewCount="25049" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Una de cal y otra de arena&amp;quot; es una expresión que se usa con el significado de &amp;quot;una cosa buena y otra cosa mala&amp;quot;. Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi relación con Paco es &lt;em&gt;una de cal y otra de arena&lt;/em&gt;. Me da muchos disgustos, pero también me da muchas cosas buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi trabajo me toca hacer muchas guardias, pero me las pagan muy bien. Una de cal y otra de arena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interpreto a un personaje bisexual en esa serie, así que me toca una de cal y otra de arena. ¡Puedo enrollarme con mucha gente que quiero y con mucha que no quiero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La duda que me surge es: ¿qué es lo bueno y qué es lo malo en esta expresión? ¿Qué uso en cada caso si quiero enfatizar que algo tiene más de bueno que de malo (o viceversa)? Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi relación con Paco siempre es &lt;em&gt;una de cal y otra de arena&lt;/em&gt;. Me da muchos disgustos, pero también me da muchas cosas buenas. Aunque si lo pienso, hay más de cal que de arena (¿o más de arena que de cal?) porque los disgustos superan a las cosas buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi trabajo me toca hacer muchas guardias, pero me las pagan muy bien. Una de cal y otra de arena. Aunque con más de cal que de arena (¿o más de arena que de cal?) porque últimamente me las pagan por hacer casi nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigando por Internet no he encontrado casi nada. Pensaba que iba a ser fácil en plan &amp;quot;la cal es abrasiva&amp;quot; (es &amp;quot;lo malo&amp;quot;) o &amp;quot;la cal es imprescindible para la argamasa porque la arena sola no puede blablabla&amp;quot; (sería entonces lo bueno) pero no he encontrado nada al respecto. En el mejor de los casos todo lo que he encontrado es algo como &amp;quot;ambas son imprescindibles&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;la expresión o hace mención a algo negativo o positivo, sino distinto/complementario&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la expresión &amp;quot;una de cal y otra de arena&amp;quot;, ¿qué es lo bueno y qué lo malo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-05-23T11:16:29.263" Title="&quot;Una de cal y otra de arena&quot;. ¿Cuál es lo bueno y cuál lo malo?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18077" CreationDate="2017-09-09T03:14:01.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, la verdad es que no significa nada: es una frase creada por el actor español Paco León, quien interpreta a Luisma: un ex drogadicto que quedó tonto después del abuso de las drogas. La serie se llama &quot;Aída&quot; y se la recomiendo, es muy buena. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17614" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T08:23:24.023" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T08:23:24.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22216" CreationDate="2017-09-09T03:18:05.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diego, no estás entendiendo bien esta frase.  Pon tú: imagina, vas a construir una casa con métodos tradicionales.  Quitas el pasto de una área bien horizontal de quizás dos metros de diámetro.  Sobre esta superficie que preparaste, con una pala, vas echando arena y cal en proporciones 1:1.  Luego mezclas los dos polvos, levantando los polvos con la pala por debajo y echándolos encima, hasta que tengas una mezcla homogénea.  Ahora haces un pozo en medio y lo llenas con agua.  Pones polvo en el agua y mueves la pala en círculos en la sopa.  Luego vas pasando el polvo desde abajo hasta el centro otra vez.  Vas caminando todo alrededor, repitiendo esta acción.  Ahora está lista la &quot;mezcla&quot; para pegar ladrillo sobre ladrillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, &lt;em&gt;una de cal y otra de arena&lt;/em&gt; es una receta para hacer la mezcla, y en la expresión simplemente quiere decir &lt;em&gt;una mezcla&lt;/em&gt;.  &quot;Mi relación con Paco es una de cal y otra de arena&quot; significa que mi relación con Paco es una mezcla.  Eso es todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar de &quot;Aunque si lo pienso, hay más de cal que de arena,&quot; vas a tener que decir &quot;Aunque si lo pienso, hay más de lo bueno que de lo malo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T06:50:49.033" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T06:50:49.033" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2017-09-09T03:44:40.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción básica, pero exactamente equivalente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desorganizado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin estructura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy muy distraída últimamente. Mis pensamientos están súper desorganizados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me gustó su ensayo. Puso sus ideas sin estructura alguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo extra, tomada de alguien de mi familia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This evening M was overtired and was all over the place.  He's finally fallen asleep.  I'm exhausted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy M se cansó demasiado, y a la hora de acostarse no se podía calmar.  Cada tres segundos quería emprender otro proyecto.  Ahora ya se durmió.  Estoy agotado/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T03:44:40.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22216" CreationDate="2017-09-09T15:32:43.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre relacioné la cal con lo duro o lo negativo de una situación, y la arena con lo blando o lo positivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1196532-para-memoriosos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, el autor -- que curiosamente es ingeniero -- dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;una de cal y una de arena&quot; hace referencia a cuestiones antagónicas -una positiva, una negativa-, mencionadas en sucesión inmediata. Según el autor, &quot;en la mezcla de materiales de construcción, la cal actúa como aglomerante, en tanto que la arena es inerte&quot;. Deduce, por lo tanto, que &quot;en los comportamientos humanos, la cal implica severidad, la arena suaviza las conductas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien la primera descripción dice &quot;positiva&quot; en primer lugar y &quot;negativa&quot; en segunda instancia, creo que el autor alude a las propiedades de ambos materiales -- activo el primero, inactivo el segundo. En una situación humana o social, recibir &quot;una de cal&quot; implica más exigencia, y es por lo tanto más problemático, que recibir &quot;una de arena&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=LWhNQamCRE8C&amp;amp;pg=PA117&amp;amp;dq=%22una%20de%20cal%20y%20una%20de%20arena%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22una%20de%20cal%20y%20una%20de%20arena%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra fuente&lt;/a&gt; lo plantea de manera diversa, contraponiendo a la fineza de la cal la aspereza de la arena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión: &lt;em&gt;arena&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cal&lt;/em&gt; son claramente opuestos, gruesa e inactiva la primera, fina y activa la segunda. Para definir las bondades o defectos de uno u otro componente, todo parece depender de con qué relacionemos la positividad y la negatividad, si con la mera textura o con la capacidad de originar una reacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Mi valoración de la cal y la arena parece estar en línea con el orden en que Diego plantea las alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi relación con Paco es una de (A) cal y otra de (B) arena. Me da (A) muchos disgustos, pero también me da (B) muchas cosas buenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En mi trabajo me toca hacer (A) muchas guardias, pero me las (B) pagan muy bien. Una de (A) cal y otra de (B) arena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T21:20:34.470" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T21:20:34.470" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22231" CreationDate="2017-09-09T17:18:11.597" Score="4" ViewCount="1672" Body="&lt;p&gt;LanguageZen asked me to translate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where are you going for Christmas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and said that the correct answer is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Adónde vas a ir para la Navidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to SpanishDict's article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/more-por-vs-para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Por&quot; vs. &quot;Para&quot;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para is used to talk about purpose, recipients, opinions, destinations, deadlines, and standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por is to talk about duration, reasons, motives, emotions, exchanges, mode of communication or transportation, and subsitutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't really help me because I could see it either way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;reason&lt;/strong&gt; you're going anywhere to begin with is Christmas, so I should say &quot;por&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;purpose&lt;/strong&gt; of your trip is to celebrate Christmas, so I should say &quot;para&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;por&quot; also correct then, and if not, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17617" LastEditorUserId="17617" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T22:05:18.893" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T02:41:53.197" Title="¿Adónde vas a ir &quot;por&quot; / &quot;para la&quot; Navidad?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22238" CreationDate="2017-09-09T18:07:48.627" Score="3" ViewCount="3619" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are all of these possible ways to say, for example, &amp;quot;He is always on the side of the Russians?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Siempre está al lado de los rusos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Siempre está del lado de los rusos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- Siempre está en el lado de los rusos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are any incorrect? Is one more correct than the rest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T20:14:40.993" Title="¿&quot;Al lado&quot;, &quot;del lado&quot; or &quot;en el lado&quot; de algo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22229" CreationDate="2017-09-09T19:47:07.570" Score="3" ViewCount="1516" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22218/6915&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; que da @aparente001, leo la expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;pon tú&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pon tú&lt;/strong&gt;: imagina, vas a construir una casa con métodos tradicionales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en una búsqueda rápida me aparecen otros ejemplos como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.excelsior.com.mx/opinion/maria-luisa-mendoza/2016/11/05/1126391&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pon tú que eres parte de la corte rusa y tu familia es invitada a cenar al Palacio de los zares...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y como este otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/elkU3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/elkU3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto creo que significa &quot;supón&quot; o &quot;imagina&quot;. ¿Estoy en lo cierto? ¿Dónde se usa? ¿Qué significa exactamente? ¿Cómo se originó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T22:03:35.243" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:33:23.917" Title="Uso y origen de la expresión &quot;pon tú&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22227" CreationDate="2017-09-09T20:58:10.730" Score="2" ViewCount="402" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se distingue claramente entre el uso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm going to take a shower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm going to take a bath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero es un baño diario rápido, regular, con regadera solamente.  El segundo es un baño en una tina llena de agua, usualmente tibia o caliente, para relajarse, y que a veces se asocia con un spa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de estar viviendo ya por años en Estados Unidos, aún cometo el error de decir &lt;em&gt;I'm going to take a bath&lt;/em&gt;, porque el equivalente en español es simplemente &lt;em&gt;Me voy a tomar un baño&lt;/em&gt;. Ante esto, la mayoría de personas se asombran, y me tardo unos segundos en darme cuenta y corregir lo dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando si existe algún equivalente, lo único que pude encontrar que fuera similar a &lt;em&gt;shower&lt;/em&gt; en español sería algo como &lt;em&gt;regaderazo&lt;/em&gt;, que usamos en Guatemala coloquialmente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en español alguna mejor palabra, o forma de decir esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1266" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T21:56:44.190" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:02:34.730" Title="Equivalente en español de &quot;bath&quot; vs &quot;shower&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;guatemala&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22226" CreationDate="2017-09-09T22:02:34.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España no utilizamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;regadera&lt;/em&gt; más que para designar el artilugio para regar las plantas, o para decir &lt;em&gt;estás como una regadera&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;estás loco&lt;/em&gt;). Eso sí, por contexto se entendió rápido a lo que te referías (y el DLE recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VgOoyu6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;regadera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con los usos de España, la traducción directa, usual y que todo el mundo entendería de &lt;em&gt;take a shower&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;darse una ducha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EDzFAGf%7CEE04fOi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ducha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. douche, y este del it. doccia 'caño de agua'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Acción y efecto de duchar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Proyección de agua que, en forma de lluvia o de chorro, se hace caer en el cuerpo para limpiarlo o refrescarlo, o con propósito medicinal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Aparato o instalación que sirve para ducharse.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Recipiente de loza u otra materia donde se recogen las aguas de la ducha.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. Habitación o lugar donde hay una ducha.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. f. Arg., Bol. y Par. Cuarto de aseo con ducha, sin bañera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la palabra sirve para muchas cosas a la vez: la acción, el aparato, la habitación y el recipiente. Sin embargo, &lt;em&gt;darse una ducha&lt;/em&gt; se entiende automáticamente y no tiene ningún género de dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:02:34.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22230" CreationDate="2017-09-09T22:04:29.270" Score="7" ViewCount="10236" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suero de leche&lt;/strong&gt; appears to mean both &quot;buttermilk&quot; and &quot;whey&quot; which are two completely different milk products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to distinguish between them in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12145" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T22:41:33.523" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T05:37:51.243" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;buttermilk&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22225" CreationDate="2017-09-09T22:23:25.760" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ésta es una frase que invita al oyente a imaginar o suponer una situación, o da por cierta una suposición a modo de hipótesis; introduce una hipótesis no de la manera sintáctica habitual (&lt;em&gt;Suponiendo que… Supongamos que… Imaginemos que… Vamos a postular que…&lt;/em&gt;) sino por medio de un imperativo. No sé qué nombre tiene esta clase de discurso, pero me recuerda mucho a esas traducciones de la Biblia donde se emplea el imperativo &lt;em&gt;¡mira!&lt;/em&gt; casi como puntuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/p%C3%B3nte-t%C3%BA.863626/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este foro&lt;/a&gt;, en Chile se dice &lt;em&gt;ponte tú&lt;/em&gt; también con el significado de &quot;mira, he aquí que&quot;, pero por lo demás el significado es el mismo que el notado en la pregunta. En el diario &lt;em&gt;La Tercera&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latercera.com/noticia/carlos-soto-no-idea-pagaremos-los-34-millones/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encuentro&lt;/a&gt; por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No digo que sea una causa, pero &lt;strong&gt;ponte que&lt;/strong&gt; se perdió una caja con un par de millones justificables allí.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España (o por lo menos en Murcia) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/opinion/2017/03/07/huelga-educativa-pa/811329.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se usa&lt;/a&gt; el &lt;em&gt;ponle&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ponle que te da un perrengue. Bebes agua sudando, o te comes un espárrago de bote en mal estado, y sufres una embolia.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina decimos &lt;em&gt;ponele&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;ponéle&lt;/em&gt; con la tilde ortográfica que ya no es estrictamente necesaria). Se emplea muchas veces sola esta palabra, sin subordinada, con el sentido de &quot;Supongamos que es así&quot;. Hay un &lt;em&gt;ponele&lt;/em&gt; de esta clase en &lt;em&gt;Un tal Lucas&lt;/em&gt;, de Julio Cortázar (1979). Después de una larga perorata de Lucas, el diálogo sigue así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—&lt;strong&gt;Ponele&lt;/strong&gt; —dice alguien—, pero frente a la coyuntura histórica el escritor y el artista que no sean pura Torredemarfil tienen el deber, oíme bien, el deber de proyectar su mensaje en un nivel de máxima recepción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice también &lt;em&gt;pongamos&lt;/em&gt; (como en la canción de Joaquín Sabina, &lt;em&gt;Pongamos que hablo de Madrid&lt;/em&gt;) y hasta &lt;em&gt;pongámosle&lt;/em&gt;, como en el tango &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com.br/tita-merello/se-dice-de-mi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Se dice de mí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si fea soy / pongámosle / que de eso aún / no me enteré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;En el amor / yo sólo sé / que a más de un gil / dejé de a pie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos hay una oscilación entre los dos usos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El hipotético: &quot;supongamos que&quot;, &quot;imaginemos que&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El concesivo: &quot;aceptando que&quot;, &quot;dando por cierto que&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un par de apariciones del &lt;em&gt;ponle tú&lt;/em&gt; en Calderón de la Barca (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-veneno-y-la-triaca--1/html/fef2abb6-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=FWPC3jw7u38C&amp;amp;lpg=PA440&amp;amp;ots=relme5rOZ0&amp;amp;dq=%22ponle%20tu%22%20calderon%20de%20la%20barca&amp;amp;pg=PA439#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ponle%20tu%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;), que me suenan a algo así como un &lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt;, una simple muletilla verbal, uso que no es muy diferente al uso concesivo que actualmente le damos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente no sé si pueda responder de dónde viene la expresión. En algunas formas suena como un abreviatura de la forma correspondiente del verbo &lt;em&gt;suponer&lt;/em&gt;, pero el pronombre &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; no va bien con esa teoría. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T22:33:23.917" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:33:23.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22228" CreationDate="2017-09-09T22:30:45.627" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is, but I'm not sure how well known the distinction in terminology is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Whey&lt;/em&gt; is indeed &lt;strong&gt;suero de leche&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish, and is the milk product left over from cheese production.  It has a yellow-ish semi-transparent color.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Buttermilk&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;suero de mantequilla&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;mazada&lt;/strong&gt;, and is the milk product left over from butter production, or these days more often just milk with added bacteria that generate the lactic acid (or when you're really in a pinch, milk with added lemon juice).  It is whiter in color and a good bit thicker than whey or milk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, as in French (where &lt;em&gt;petit-leit&lt;/em&gt; is often used when &lt;em&gt;babeurre&lt;/em&gt; is meant), &lt;em&gt;suero de leche&lt;/em&gt; is frequently used mistakenly to refer to &lt;em&gt;buttermilk&lt;/em&gt;.  Perhaps, even, the mistake was brought in via the French, given their impact on the cooking world, but if you see &lt;em&gt;suero de leche&lt;/em&gt; in a recipe, more likely than not it probably refers to &lt;em&gt;buttermilk&lt;/em&gt;, as whey isn't commonly used in recipes these days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:30:45.627" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22222" CreationDate="2017-09-10T02:41:53.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; are OK in different contexts. There are differences between them, and probably these vary among dialects as well. These are all valid sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para Navidad reservé en un buen restaurante.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(also works if you say &lt;em&gt;para esta Navidad&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para la Navidad&lt;/em&gt;). This means you made a reservation in a nice restaurant &lt;strong&gt;in order to&lt;/strong&gt; celebrate Christmas there (intent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por Navidad estaré fuera de casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you will be away from home &lt;strong&gt;because of&lt;/strong&gt; Christmas (reason) or &lt;strong&gt;during&lt;/strong&gt; Christmas (duration).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the question itself, I would interpret the alternatives as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Adónde vas a ir para (la) Navidad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Where do you intend to spend Christmas?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Where will you go in order to celebrate Christmas?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Adónde vas a ir por (la) Navidad?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Where are you going during Christmas?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Where will you be while Christmas takes place?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the difference between these is not great. Moreover, you expect people to do certain things on Christmas, so the question need not be precise. If you say you'll be spending Christmas at a given place, it's assumed that you'll be there celebrating Christmas, not hiding or whiling away your time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T02:41:53.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21374" CreationDate="2017-09-10T08:35:40.987" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt; Con respecto a su primera pregunta: &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como @JMVanPelt y otros han dicho, la palabra 'joraca' es un buen ejemplo del &lt;i&gt; vesre, &lt;/i&gt; que es sólo una parte pequeña del fenómeno rioplatense del lunfardo. Si has oido &lt;i&gt; zabeca (cabeza), lleca (calle), &lt;/i&gt;o&lt;i&gt; jermu (mujer), &lt;/i&gt; sabes un poco más de este juego lingüístico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, el Pig Latin de inglés no utiliza una técnica parecida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Francia, lo que se usan es el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verlan&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;verlan&lt;/a&gt;, que realmente proporciona una comparación mejor. Como el vesre, el verlan funciona por dividir palabras específicas en sus sílabas, e invirtiéndolas. El enlace describe que el nombre mismo &lt;i&gt; verlan &lt;/i&gt; es una inversión del sonidos en el término francés &lt;i&gt; l'envers, &lt;/i&gt; que significa invertir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Pig Latin, todo depende en si una palabra comienza con un consonante, o con una vocal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la palabra comienza con un consonante o grupo de consonantes, se mueven hasta el final, y tú añade el sonido '-ay'. &lt;i&gt; Cat &lt;/i&gt; se convierte a &lt;i&gt; atcay, &lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt; dog &lt;/i&gt; a &lt;i&gt;ogday, &lt;/i&gt; y &lt;i&gt; pig &lt;/i&gt; a &lt;i&gt; igpay. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si la palabra comienza con una vocal, añade '-way', 'yay', o '-ay' al final. &lt;i&gt; Argentina &lt;/i&gt; se convierte a &lt;i&gt; Argentinaway &lt;/i&gt; o &lt;i&gt; Argentinayay. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varias formas del Pig Latin, pero esos son las reglas básicas. Puedes ver que, como argot, no está firmemente enraizado en &lt;i&gt; la reversión de las sílabas &lt;/i&gt; como el vesre o el verlan. Dicho esto, ciertamente tiene sus similitudes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinion, es fascinante que diversos países y lenguas alrededor del mundo comparten esta línea común. Quizás los inmigrantes europeos de los principios del siglo XX ayudó a llevar estos manierismos a Argentina. Considera la influencia italiana, etc. Me parece que las clases bajas y la gente joven desempeñan un papel también; según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.notimerica.com/cultura/noticia-oscar-conde-lunfardo-argot-nacional-argentina-20150321181250.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oscar Conde&lt;/a&gt;, miembro de la Academia Porteña del Lunfardo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El lunfardo... es un vocabulario de las clases populares, no una jerga delictiva... había pasado de ser el argot de las clases bajas a convertirse en un argot nacional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cualquier manera, los seres humanos siempre quieren una manera de divertir, y jugar con los idiomas no necesita baterías :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17621" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T08:35:40.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10562" CreationDate="2017-09-10T11:24:25.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, (this is a very improper way of talking, not very polite), when you are extremley fed up, for women:   &quot;Estoy hasta el coño ya&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17623" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T11:24:25.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22235" CreationDate="2017-09-10T11:39:36.470" Score="3" ViewCount="4089" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody comprehend these abbreviations in the image, used in Oxford's Essential Spanish Dictionary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wPkme.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wPkmem.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;venga|nza&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; revenge. &lt;strong&gt;~r&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; avenge. &lt;strong&gt;~rse&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vpr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; take revenge (&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; for) (&lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; on). &lt;strong&gt;~tivo&lt;/strong&gt; adj vindictive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veni|da&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; arrival; (&lt;em&gt;vuelta&lt;/em&gt;) return &lt;strong&gt;~dero&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;adj&lt;/em&gt; coming. &lt;strong&gt;~r&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17624" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T07:38:06.963" Title="What does &quot;vt&quot;, &quot;vpr&quot; and &quot;vi&quot; mean when referring to verbs in a Spanish dictionary?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22234" CreationDate="2017-09-10T12:52:30.133" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is telling you that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vengar&lt;/em&gt; is a transitive verb (&lt;strong&gt;vt&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;verbo transitivo&lt;/em&gt;) which takes an object, to avenge someone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vengarse&lt;/em&gt; is a pronominal verb (&lt;strong&gt;vpr&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt;) form which always has the pronoun attached and which has it declined to agree with the subject. In this case it means to take revenge either for (&lt;em&gt;de, por&lt;/em&gt;) or on (&lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pronominal verbs are explained in this Wikipedia article &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_pronominal&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) and are usually referred to by English speakers as reflexive verbs although the truth is more complex in general.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; is an intransitive verb (&lt;strong&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;verbo intransitivo&lt;/em&gt;) which does not take an object. You just come, you do not come something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T07:38:06.963" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T07:38:06.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20270" CreationDate="2017-09-10T16:35:11.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante pregunta. Yo veo complicado encontrar una traducción en pocas palabras que recoja los matices del original, sobre todo la palabra &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; y su significado de &quot;caparazón/concha/coraza&quot; y el de &quot;interfaz de usuario&quot;como indicaba @pablodf76. En español no tenemos una palabra así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi sinceramente me gusta mucho más &lt;em&gt;El alma &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la máquina&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;El alma &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; la máquina&lt;/em&gt;, creo que le da una profundidad diferente a la frase, como algo vivo que habitara la máquina y no simplemente algo que está ahí (es mi impresión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lugar de &lt;em&gt;ghost&lt;/em&gt; podría usarse &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GcX069Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espíritu&lt;/a&gt; que es una palabra con muchos matices &lt;em&gt;El espíritu en la máquina&lt;/em&gt; podría también ser una opción aunque creo que ya se ha usado en alguna otra ocasión para otros proyectos que nada tienen que ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción sería &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2gpyqUS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ánima&lt;/a&gt;, una palabra con varios matices interesantes también aunque con una carga negativa en el imaginario colectivo bastante importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin traducir tan literalmente podríamos usar palabras como &lt;em&gt;esencia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;conciencia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt; creo que máquina está bien aunque no signifique para nada lo mismo, pero la idea que transmite sirve perfectamente. No me convencen palabras como coraza, armazón, caparazón, etc. pero si me gusta &lt;em&gt;interfaz&lt;/em&gt; usando el otro significado de &lt;em&gt;shell&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto puedo hacer varias combinaciones a gusto del consumidor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El ánima en la máquina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La esencia en la máquina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La conciencia de la interfaz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El espíritu en la interfaz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2019-05-31T08:42:58.083" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T08:42:58.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22223" CreationDate="2017-09-10T19:08:02.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In that particular case, in which you are saying that someone is supporting the Russians, the Spanish translation would be your second one (&lt;em&gt;Siempre está del lado de los Rusos&lt;/em&gt;). The third one would be correct too, but without context people might get confused.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17339" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T19:08:02.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22223" CreationDate="2017-09-10T20:14:40.993" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;These all mean something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre está al lado de los rusos.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He's always next to the Russians.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(He can always be found physically standing next to the Russians, whoever these Russians are that we're talking about. This usage can be taken figuratively to mean he prefers the Russians or is tied to them somehow.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre está del lado de los rusos.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He's always on the side of the Russians.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(He always sides with the Russians; he invariably favors the Russians. This is the meaning you wanted. It can be interpreted as physically being on the Russian's side, if there are sides to be chosen, as in a sports court, but mostly it's the figurative meaning that you'll get.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre está en el lado de los rusos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(He's always on the Russians' side. This sounds like a physical location too, as if instead of &lt;em&gt;lado&lt;/em&gt; you used &lt;em&gt;barrio&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vecindario&lt;/em&gt; &quot;neighborhood&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;estar del lado de&lt;/em&gt; you have a synonym that expresses an action rather than a state: &lt;em&gt;ponerse de parte de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre se pone de parte de los rusos.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He always takes the Russians' side.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that &lt;em&gt;de parte de&lt;/em&gt; also means &quot;on behalf of&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T20:14:40.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22244" CreationDate="2017-09-10T22:10:11.657" Score="4" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos con un nuevo episodio de &quot;preguntas de carretera&quot;. Hoy, volviendo a casa en el coche tras una comida abundante en un pueblo cercano, exclamé en voz alta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;echaba&lt;/strong&gt; yo una siesta al llegar a casa que no veas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahí mi cerebro reaccionó pensando: ¡Un momento! ¿Por qué estoy usando un tiempo pasado (pretérito imperfecto) para expresar un deseo que ha de cumplirse inmediatamente o en un futuro próximo? ¿Qué sentido tiene esta construcción? ¿Por qué se usa así? ¿Tiene nombre esta forma de usar el pretérito imperfecto? ¿Es de uso común fuera de Andalucía o España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: Dos horas de siesta cayeron, dos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T10:23:45.973" Title="Tiempos pasados para expresar deseos futuros" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22247" CreationDate="2017-09-11T07:39:49.063" Score="5" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;This morning, while chatting with other Spanish.SE users back at &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, one of my messages was rejected with the following dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can perform this action again in 3 seconds. - retry / edit / cancel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a common practice in chat rooms, known as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;throttling&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;forcing a delay on your input when the system thinks that you're going &quot;too fast&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (the word is taken from the concept of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_throttling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bandwidth throttling&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is very annoying to people that type really fast (or tend to send many short messages instead of few long ones), so I said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da el &lt;em&gt;throttling&lt;/em&gt; que me hace el chat por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I couldn't really think of any Spanish word that conveyed this specific meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what Spanish word or expression would fit in the above scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T10:44:09.860" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T11:39:29.587" Title="What would be a good translation for &quot;throttling&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22241" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:08:29.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra que buscas es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=latencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;latencia&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiempo que transcurre entre un estímulo y la respuesta que produce, y, en particular, lapso entre el momento en que se contrae una enfermedad y la aparición de los primeros síntomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la definición de la RAE pero se utiliza mucho en las telecomunicaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:08:29.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22241" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:22:49.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intentaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da la restricción de flujo que me hace el chat por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero suena raro…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras sugestiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da el chat al restringirme por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da el chat cuando me restringe por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T09:06:30.687" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22239" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:24:07.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnKrOXODEcgvpUFC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Comenta la RAE&lt;/a&gt; en su &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; en el párrafo 23.11l que la asimilación entre el pretérito imperfecto y el condicional viene dada por la evolución histórica de este último (como se vio &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21986/12637&quot;&gt;en una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20262/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comparten también [ambos tiempos verbales] segmentos morfológicos, puesto que el antiguo auxiliar del condicional (&lt;em&gt;cantar-hía&lt;/em&gt;) era un imperfecto. El condicional simple se considera un &quot;futuro del pasado&quot;, y el imperfecto, un &quot;presente del pasado&quot;. Así pues, cuando el imperfecto prospectivo aparece subordinado a un pasado, designa una situación posterior a un pretérito y adquiere, en consecuencia, un significado próximo al del condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expone los siguientes ejemplos para el uso prospectivo del pretérito imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llamé a tu oficina y me dijeron que hoy no ibas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ya creí que nos echaban el multazo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese como se puede sustituir &lt;em&gt;ibas&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;irías&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;echaban&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;echarían&lt;/em&gt;. A partir de aquí se expone cómo el pretérito imperfecto se puede usar para hechos frustrados en el párrafo 23.11m, poniendo como ejemplo los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi avión salía mañana a las 23:50, pero se canceló el vuelo por la huelga de pilotos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a partir de aquí, se contempla el caso del uso del &lt;strong&gt;pretérito imperfecto con valor desiderativo&lt;/strong&gt;, expuesto en el párrafo 23.11n con el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] derecho me iba al río, si no os viera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el pretérito imperfecto depende de otro imperfecto: &lt;em&gt;viera&lt;/em&gt;, pero también puede verse introducido por otro tipo de construcciones (párrafo 23.11o):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡De buena gana te quitaba la nariz de un bocado!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo que vos me lo pensaba.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el párrafo 23.11p, precedido de un gerundio u otras construcciones temporales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bajando un poco el precio, segundo que vendías.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ahora mismo me comía unas sardinas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último caso es similar al propuesto en la pregunta, siendo el marco temporal &quot;al llegar a casa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre uso, la cosa viene de antiguo. Buscando en el CORDE, uno de los ejemplos previamente expuestos es del año 1583:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Parece —respondió Juliano— que nuestro cuerpo naturalmente sigue el movimiento del sol, que a esta hora se encumbra y a la tarde se derrueca en la mar; y así es más natural el subir a los altos por las mañanas, que el descender a los ríos, a que la tarde es mejor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Según eso respondió Sabino —yo no tengo que ver con el sol, que derecho me iba al río, si no os viera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Luis de León, &quot;De los nombres de Cristo, libros I-III&quot; 1583 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No comentan en ningún caso algún límite regional para este uso desiderativo del pretérito imperfecto, por lo que debe ser algo ampliamente usado en todos los países de habla hispana (como afirman @guifa y @pablodf76 en sus comentarios a la pregunta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T10:23:45.973" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T10:23:45.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22241" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:49:53.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de filtros se establecen para evitar que un sistema automático inunde el chat de mensajes. Yo haría que la traducción fuera por esos derroteros, tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué rabia me da el &lt;strong&gt;filtro de mensajes rápidos&lt;/strong&gt; del chat.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Qué rabia me da el &lt;strong&gt;filtro de mensajes automáticos&lt;/strong&gt; del chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, si prefieres algo un poco más jocoso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué rabia me da el &lt;strong&gt;filtro anti-prisillas&lt;/strong&gt; del chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale que &quot;prisillas&quot; no está en el diccionario de la RAE, pero otros diccionarios más coloquiales &lt;a href=&quot;http://coloquialmente.com/es/prisillas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la definen como&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona que hace todo de forma apresurada y descuidada, que siempre está metiendo prisa y va aturullado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T11:39:29.587" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T11:39:29.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22241" CreationDate="2017-09-11T09:13:11.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de caer en que hay un palabra que, al menos en este caso, cuadraría bastante bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=limitador&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;limitador, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Dispositivo mecánico o eléctrico que impide sobrepasar ciertos límites de una magnitud. Limitador de velocidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que la mayoria de nosotros conoce esta palabra por el limitador de velocidad que incluyen muchos coches, el cual te deja acelerar solo hasta una determinada velocidad y, si la alcanzas, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X6IXCPw#NJyCC5D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salta&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (se activa) y no te deja ir más rápido. En algunos casos, también te avisa con una lucecita, o mensaje en el ordenador de a bordo (si lo tiene).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando un símil con lo anterior, creo que una buena traducción para &quot;hacer &lt;em&gt;throttling&lt;/em&gt;&quot; seria decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da cuando me &lt;strong&gt;salta el limitador&lt;/strong&gt; del chat por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T09:13:11.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22241" CreationDate="2017-09-11T09:18:02.390" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bandwidth throttling&lt;/em&gt; se traduciría como &lt;em&gt;limitación de ancho de banda&lt;/em&gt; o alguna cosa similar. Por lo tanto podríamos usar &lt;em&gt;limitación&lt;/em&gt; en tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da la &lt;strong&gt;limitación&lt;/strong&gt; que me pone el chat por escribir rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un término muy genérico y sin el contexto no se entendería, si dijeramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da la &lt;strong&gt;limitación&lt;/strong&gt; que me pone el chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quedaría claro a que tipo de limitación nos referimos, así que habría que ponerlo siempre en su contexto, aclarando que es por escribir demasiado rápido. O tal vez usando un apellido: &lt;em&gt;de envío&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios, qué rabia me da la &lt;strong&gt;limitación de envío&lt;/strong&gt; que me pone el chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T10:40:39.407" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T10:40:39.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22248" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:16:59.980" Score="6" ViewCount="1250" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Stack Exchange network there is an algorithm to determine which questions are featured in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackexchange.com/questions?tab=hot&quot;&gt;Hot Network Questions&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, the list of popular questions. As a result of this formula you get points called &quot;hotness points&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quite literal translation for &quot;hotness point&quot; might be &lt;em&gt;&quot;puntos de calidez&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but it does not make any sense since we are talking about popular questions that generate interest. With this in mind an option might be &lt;em&gt;&quot;puntos de popularidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, just like &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;StackOverflow en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; translates &quot;Hot Network Questions&quot; as &lt;em&gt;&quot;Preguntas populares en la red&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think would be the best translation for &quot;hotness points&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T11:30:04.450" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T09:50:06.880" Title="Translation of &quot;hotness points&quot;, as used by the Hot Network Questions' algorithm?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:35:11.443" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque jocosamente yo los suelo llamar &quot;puntos de calentura&quot;, una traducción tal vez más correcta sería &lt;strong&gt;puntos de actualidad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el hecho de que una pregunta (o una noticia) sea &quot;hot&quot; es porque está de actualidad y en boca de todos (está &quot;caliente&quot; o &quot;candente&quot;, cual bollo recién salido del horno). Por hacer énfasis en el hecho de que la pregunta está de actualidad (tiene mucha actividad y votos favorables), es por lo que hago mi propuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T11:35:11.443" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:42:12.013" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Allow me to introduce the concept of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;calentómetro&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: from &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6nrQsN4#KtXLYFy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;caliente&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, in its meaning of &quot;heated, alive&quot; used for arguments; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P8UAjhT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;-metro&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a suffix meaning &quot;to meter&quot; or &quot;metering device&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;calentómetro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be a device to gauge the &quot;hotness&quot; of something, in this case a question and the answers it generates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be used like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Esta pregunta tiene 148 puntos en el &lt;strong&gt;calentómetro&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T11:42:12.013" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:51:31.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una interpretación más libre podría ser &lt;em&gt;puntos de llamarada&lt;/em&gt;. En las redes sociales es típico asociar &quot;hotness&quot; con fuego en los íconos. Por ejemplo (sacado de Reddit):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k3O50.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k3O50.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pensamiento es que una pregunta con actividad febril arda más calidamente que preguntas olvidadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T11:51:31.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-11T13:25:44.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añado una idea más con un término que aparece en la respuesta de @CarlosAlejo: &quot;puntos candentes&quot;,  que sigue manteniendo la referencia al calor (puntos al rojo vivo) y es además algo que está de actualidad, de moda, en el candelero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque posiblemente lo correcto sería &quot;puntos de candencia&quot; suena un poco raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T13:32:10.063" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T13:32:10.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T13:58:51.580" Score="3" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas frases es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tierra &lt;strong&gt;sentía&lt;/strong&gt; húmeda y fría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tierra &lt;strong&gt;se sentía&lt;/strong&gt; húmeda y fría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase es dicha por un personaje que narra en primera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17633" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:20:11.323" Title="¿Se dice &quot;La tierra 'sentía' o 'se sentía' húmeda y fría&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22254" CreationDate="2017-09-11T14:06:05.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hubiera elegido 'sentir'. Son ambas correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi manera de decirlo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tierra parecía húmeda y fría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="17605" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T15:39:29.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T15:39:29.877" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22254" CreationDate="2017-09-11T15:19:01.973" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen dos formas correctas. Usar la voz activa o la voz pasiva: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el personaje dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) Sentía la tierra fría y húmeda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la persona que lo dice utiliza la voz activa. Voz Activa: &quot;se conjuga el verbo de modo tal que el sujeto realice, ejecute o controle la acción del verbo, es decir, sea sujeto agente.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el personaje dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tierra se sentía fría y húmeda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la persona que lo dice utiliza la voz pasiva. Voz Pasiva: &quot;se presenta al sujeto como pasivo (sujeto paciente)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T15:24:35.617" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T15:24:35.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22024" CreationDate="2017-09-11T15:43:29.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El año pasado estuve en Bolivia de visita a un amigo que trabaja allí desde hace 6 años. Le he preguntado a él porque tiene más experiencia que yo y me ha confirmado lo siguiente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la zona de Santa Cruz de la Sierra (que es donde él trabaja) se utiliza &quot;vení&quot; como indicativo del plural de forma generalizadas. Mi amigo afirma que en algunas personas dicen &quot;venín&quot; (o lo parece) como imperativo del plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es generalizado pero si &quot;personalizado&quot; es decir, los que dicen &quot;venín&quot; siempre lo utilizan así y los que dicen &quot;vení&quot; no añaden la &quot;n&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T15:43:29.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-11T15:53:41.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy pensando que ya tenemos una palabra para indicar &quot;puntos de calor&quot;: &lt;strong&gt;¡&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JOxCcBX#5ZvVEcR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grados&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;hotness points&lt;/em&gt; van de 0 a 100. Por encima de 100, la pregunta aparece en las HNQ, y por debajo no.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;De manera similar, los grados centígrados están basados en las temperaturas de congelación y ebullición del agua, donde por encima de 100 grados el agua esta hirviendo y por debajo no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta está a 154 grados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto viene que ni pintado para la metáfora de que una pregunta muy popular &lt;em&gt;está que hierve&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿No? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nadie?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T15:53:41.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22260" CreationDate="2017-09-11T18:36:42.333" Score="4" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I'm well aware of when to use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; versus when to use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, I'm not so sure if the same rules apply to 'sin ser' and 'sin estar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=sin%20ser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin ser&lt;/strong&gt; = without being, although not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also gives an example of usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La reunión, &lt;strong&gt;sin ser&lt;/strong&gt; urgente, es necesaria para prevenir problemas. |&#xA;  The meeting, although not urgent, is necessary to prevent problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are &lt;em&gt;sin ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sin estar&lt;/em&gt; interchangeable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorDisplayName="user17393" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T07:37:54.107" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:56:30.353" Title="Is 'sin ser' synonymous with 'sin estar'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22259" CreationDate="2017-09-11T18:39:32.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;No, they are not&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though you are adding &quot;sin&quot; (therefore making it negative) it doesn't change the meaning of the verbs, &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is still &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is still &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, you couldn't use &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; as it wouldn't make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9280" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T18:39:32.530" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T20:54:16.020" Score="8" ViewCount="13892" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Las dos &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; se ponen en mayúsculas al comienzo de una frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;Ll&lt;/strong&gt;egaste anoche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;LL&lt;/strong&gt;egaste anoche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17636" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T12:51:29.193" Title="¿Cómo se pone la &quot;ll&quot; en mayúscula?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22261" CreationDate="2017-09-12T02:11:32.067" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La forma mayúscula del dígrafo &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;Ll&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, solo la primera de las letras que lo componen debe escribirse en mayúscula&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2GTxUFfOGD6Ofbt6q3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE: La letra &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, ni la &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; ni la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; forman parte del abecedario desde hace tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se excluyen definitivamente del abecedario los signos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, ya que, en realidad, no son letras, sino dígrafos, esto es, conjuntos de dos letras o grafemas que representan un solo fonema. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al tratarse de combinaciones de dos letras, las palabras que comienzan por estos dígrafos o que los contienen no se alfabetizan aparte, sino en los lugares que les corresponden dentro de la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; y de la &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/exclusion-de-ch-y-ll-del-abecedario&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE: Exclusión de &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; del abecedario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que aunque hayan dejado de considerarse letras del abecedario, no desaparecen del sistema gráfico. Se las trata como signos simples para la alfabetización y para ponerlas en mayúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-23T22:13:24.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22266" CreationDate="2017-09-12T03:19:36.473" Score="12" ViewCount="2682" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es la oración «Me siento mal» gramaticalmente correcta en español?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is my understanding that, in English, the sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I feel sick&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I feel bad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English (and I would imagine this is true of the Spanish as well), the sentence is a copular construction and one in which the verb &quot;feel&quot; (sentir) is followed by an adjective.  If this is the case, wouldn't &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento malo &lt;em&gt;(if you are a male)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;be the grammatically correct way of saying this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had thought &quot;malo&quot; was only shortened to &quot;mal&quot; when it precedes a singular masculine noun.  And yet, if you look at the Ngram below, &quot;Me siento mal&quot; is overwhelmingly the more common way of saying this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/kTrmlbf.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this one of those things where common practice is more prevalent than grammatically correct usage?  For example, in English, on the telephone, many might say, &quot;It's me&quot; instead of &quot;It is I.&quot;  The fact that Google's Ngram specifically searches books makes me question this, but books could also include dialogue that might intentionally mirror common usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enough conjecture from me.  If any of you have any thoughts or opinions (or answers!), please share them with us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo entendido que, en inglés, las oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I feel sick&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I feel bad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se pueden traducir como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés (e imaginaría que esto es verdad en español también), la oración es una construcción copulativa y una en que el verbo «sentir» (&lt;em&gt;feel&lt;/em&gt;) es seguido por un adjetivo.  Si esto es el caso, ¿no sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento malo &lt;em&gt;(si eres hombre)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la manera gramaticalmente correcta de decir esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había pensado que «malo» era sólo acortada cuando la precede un sustantivo masculino singular.  Y sin embargo, si nos fijamos en el Ngram a continuación, «Me siento mal» es abrumadoramente la manera más común de decir esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véase la imagen de arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto una de estas cosas donde la práctica común es más prevalente que el uso gramaticalmente correcto?  Por ejemplo, en inglés, al teléfono, muchos podrían decir, &lt;em&gt;“It’s me”&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;“It is I.”&lt;/em&gt; El hecho de que Google Ngram busque libros me hace cuestionar esto, pero libros podría incluir también diálogo que podría reflejar intencionalmente el uso común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es suficiente conjetura por mi parte.  Si alguno de ustedes tiene pensamientos u opiniones (¡o respuestas!), por favor, ¡compártanlos con nosotros!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T09:06:03.427" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T14:31:32.853" Title="Is the phrase &quot;Me siento mal&quot; grammatically correct in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22076" CreationDate="2017-09-12T07:38:47.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;88 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo saben, ni nos. Dominamos. Automatizamos la ley de quien cree regir. Al cagarla y morir miles, nos culparán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo pasarme mucho más que algunas respuestas anteriores, pero por los comentarios veo que necesito justificar algunas decisiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aceptado algunas críticas de mis versiones anteriores. &lt;em&gt;Nos&lt;/em&gt; viene prestado de fedorqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And one day, one of us is going to do something dumb (and maybe not even that dumb)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí está clarísimo que está hablando de una cagada. Igual una cagadilla, pero &lt;em&gt;not even that&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;apenas&lt;/em&gt; (diminutivo), no &lt;em&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And when this happens, they will point their fingers right at us, and they will ask us the question: &quot;How could you have let this happen?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta me parece retórica. Los políticos cuando señalan con el dedo y hacen preguntas así no es (salvo alguna excepción honorable) porque quieren saber la respuesta sino porque quieren dejar claro ante el pueblo que la responsabilidad no es suya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorUserId="278" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T10:13:20.157" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T10:13:20.157" CommentCount="8" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-12T07:38:47.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22264" CreationDate="2017-09-12T08:01:52.500" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es gramaticalmente correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, el DPD y la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática española&lt;/em&gt; dicen que &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo) solo se apocopa en &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; cuando precede a un sustantivo. Y aquí no va precediendo a nada, sino a final de frase. ¿Dónde está el problema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues que en las oraciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y otras similares como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto está mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la palabra &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; no es un adjetivo (ni un sustantivo), sino un &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt;. Y hay pues que buscar en el diccionario las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; como tal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NyEeGCh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Contrariamente a lo que es debido, sin razón, imperfecta o desacertadamente, de mala manera. &lt;em&gt;Pedro se conduce siempre mal. Antonio lo hace todo mal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Contrariamente a lo que se apetece o requiere, infelizmente, de manera impropia o inadecuada para un fin. &lt;em&gt;La estratagema salió mal. El enfermo va mal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. difícilmente. &lt;em&gt;Mal puedo yo saberlo. Mal se podrá resolver en tan breve término tan arduo negocio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Poco, escasamente. &lt;em&gt;Te has enterado mal. Cenó mal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en frases como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me encuentro mal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; se usa como adverbio y significa &quot;contrariamente a lo que es debido o a lo que se apetece&quot;. Como lo debido es encontrarse bien (sano), encontrarse mal significaría &quot;sentirse enfermo&quot;, y por eso el significado de &quot;mal&quot; en estas frases se puede confundir con el significado de &quot;malo&quot; (adjetivo) como &quot;enfermo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta, para finalizar, que las frases contrarias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento bien&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me encuentro bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usan &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5TkGdE0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (adverbio, con el significado de &quot;según es debido&quot;, &quot;según se apetece&quot; aunque también con el de &quot;con buena salud, sano&quot;) y no &lt;em&gt;bueno&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo). Curioso que &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; como adverbio incluya el sentido de &quot;con buena salud&quot; y &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; como adverbio no incluya el sentido de &quot;con mala salud, enfermo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He preguntado directamente a la RAE, dado que los adverbios &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; parecen tener una serie de paralelismos en sus acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bien                           --&amp;gt; Mal&#xA;---------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;según es debido                --&amp;gt; contrariamente a lo que es debido&#xA;según se apetece               --&amp;gt; contrariamente a lo que se apetece&#xA;sin inconveniente o dificultad --&amp;gt; difícilmente&#xA;muy                            --&amp;gt; poco, escasamente&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la acepción de &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;con buena salud, sano&quot; no tiene su contrapartida en el adverbio &lt;em&gt;malo&lt;/em&gt;. Me responden lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En relación con su consulta, nos complace remitirle la siguiente&#xA;  información: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, el adverbio &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt;, paralelamente a una de las acepciones&#xA;  de &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; (‘con buena salud’) puede significar ‘con mala salud’. El&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del estudiante&lt;/em&gt; (2011), de la RAE, sí registra esta&#xA;  acepción:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. adv. … 3. Con mala salud. &lt;em&gt;No ha venido a trabajar&#xA;  porque se encuentra mal.&lt;/em&gt; […]   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agradecemos sus observaciones, que&#xA;  remitimos al Instituto de Lexicografía, para que revise este artículo&#xA;  del diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, aunque en el DLE no aparezca, sí que es cierto que la RAE ha contemplado este significado del adverbio &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; en otros diccionarios. Y es posible que en la próxima revisión del DLE aparezca ya esta acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización 2019: esta respuesta ha quedado desactualizada porque la RAE ha incluido en su edición 23.2 la acepción de &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; que faltaba, tal y como dijeron que harían. Por tanto, si se pulsa el enlace al DLE en la definición de &lt;em&gt;mal&lt;/em&gt; arriba ya se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Con mala salud, enfermo. &lt;em&gt;Me encuentro mal y no voy a poder viajar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta quinta acepción sería la que aplica realmente en ejemplos como &quot;me siento mal&quot; y similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-05-30T14:31:32.853" LastActivityDate="2019-05-30T14:31:32.853" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22261" CreationDate="2017-09-12T09:02:51.743" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ampliación de la respuesta de Diego, comentar que &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=yuvLjPmdlHwYBwtY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la última edición&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde la segunda edición de la ortografía académica, publicada en 1754, venían considerándose letras del abecedario español los dígrafos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; [...], seguramente porque cada uno de ellos se usaba para representar de forma exclusiva y unívoca un fonema del español [...].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sin embargo, este argumento no es válido desde la moderna consideración de las letras o grafemas como las unidades mínimas distintivas del sistema gráfico [...]. Por lo tanto, a partir de este momento [2010] los dígrafos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; dejan de ser considerados letras del abecedario español [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, durante 256 años el abecedario español ha contenido la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; como letras independientes. Lo interesante es que, a pesar de todo, en ningún momento se ha escrito &lt;em&gt;CH&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; a principio de palabra. Véanse los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C83IE.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C83IE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ll en Covarrubias&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esta imagen está extraída del diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, mucho antes de que la RAE fuese siquiera fundada. Se observa cómo se escribe &lt;em&gt;Ll&lt;/em&gt; a principio de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dGKst.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dGKst.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ll en el DLE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esta imagen está obtenida de la edición de 1899 del diccionario de la RAE, y se observa también que el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; se sigue escribiendo como &lt;em&gt;Ll&lt;/em&gt; a principio de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La norma es, y ha sido siempre, la de escribir únicamente la primera letra de cada palabra como mayúscula, aunque se trate de un dígrafo compuesto por dos letras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T09:02:51.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22248" CreationDate="2017-09-12T09:10:05.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even in English, &quot;Hot&quot; is just a informal way of saying &quot;Popular&quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. In Spanish, &quot;Caliente&quot; simply does not have that meaning, even informally, if you see it used that way used somewhere is just due to to improper translations from English. &quot;Candente&quot; does have both meanings, but nowadays it is sheldom used to refer to temperature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we should be looking translations that mean &quot;Popular&quot;, not &quot;Caliente&quot;. The best I can think of is the original term &quot;Puntos de popularidad&quot; (after all, there must be a reason for &quot;Hot Network Questions&quot; becoming &quot;Preguntas populares en la red&quot; and not &quot;Preguntas calientes en la red&quot;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other valid terms for &quot;popular&quot; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;candente (already in another answer)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(de) moda.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;notorio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Options 1. and 2. sound strange when you add the &quot;points&quot; part (&quot;puntos de candencia&quot;, &quot;puntos de moda&quot;) and 3. (&quot;puntos de notoriedad&quot;) does not improve over &quot;puntos de popularidad&quot; and is way less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible option could be &quot;interés&quot;, but it does not exactly mean the same and, additionally, it has other meaning (like &quot;interés&quot; in a loan).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another alternative approach for this specific case is to take a wider meaning and equate &quot;hotness/popularity&quot; with &quot;activity&quot; (after all, this is how hotness is measured, isn't it?) and go with &quot;puntos de actividad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, stick with &quot;Puntos de popularidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Not that I blame them, if I had a language with the same lack of consistence in pronunciation I would try to ditch all the words with more than one syllabe, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Which, when you factor out that &quot;Caliente&quot; does not mean &quot;Popular&quot; and that &quot;Caliente&quot; may mean &quot;Sexy, Attractive&quot;, makes the former form more palatable to a porn site than for a &quot;vanilla&quot; one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="299" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T09:50:06.880" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T09:50:06.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22273" CreationDate="2017-09-12T12:50:34.427" Score="5" ViewCount="1105" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's this nice stack about cooking, called &lt;a href=&quot;http://cooking.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;Seasoned Advice&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were discussing how good of a name that is for a Q&amp;amp;A site about food, because &quot;seasoned&quot; means &quot;condimented&quot;, but also &quot;experienced; of distinctive quality&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we weren't able to come up with a Spanish translation that managed to convey all the nuances of the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be a good Spanish translation of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;seasoned advice&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; that conveys both the &quot;advice about food&quot; and the &quot;experienced, quality advice&quot; meanings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T02:42:13.617" Title="Play on words: translation for &quot;seasoned advice&quot; related to food?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-12T13:01:24.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una que se me ocurre es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos con miga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, &lt;em&gt;miga&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a la miga del pan, una clara alusión gastronómica. Pero al mismo tiempo, y según el DLE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDtkw27&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;miga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Sustancia y virtud interior de las cosas físicas.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Sustancia o importancia. &lt;em&gt;Discurso de miga. Hombre de miga.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, estaríamos diciendo que estamos dando consejos con sustancia o con importancia. Lo cual, dicho sea de paso, es otra buena traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos con sustancia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YpIehqm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sustancia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia al jugo extraído de un alimento o a su valor nutritivo (acepciones 5 y 6), pero también significa &quot;parte más importante de algo&quot; (acepción 2) o &quot;valor, importancia o utilidad de algo&quot; (acepción 4). Así, un &quot;consejo con sustancia&quot; es un consejo de valor, de importancia o de utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podría valer &quot;consejos sustanciosos&quot;, pero me suena mejor &quot;con sustancia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T13:01:24.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-12T13:20:56.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente no la mejor opción, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XNBhVZw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sazonado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una frase, de un dicho o de un estilo: &lt;strong&gt;Sustancioso y expresivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que va por cierto muy a la par con una de las magníficas propuestas de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22270/5481&quot;&gt;Carlos Alejo&lt;/a&gt;, aunque admito que &amp;quot;consejo sazonado&amp;quot; no sería mi primera opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que otros posibles juego de palabras mejores podrían ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consejos al gusto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consejos con mucho gusto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;haciendo un juego de palabras entre el sentido corporal que permite percibir los sabores (el gusto) y los distintos significados de &amp;quot;gusto&amp;quot;, entre ellos la locución adverbial &amp;quot;al gusto&amp;quot; (preferencia de cada uno) y &amp;quot;con mucho gusto&amp;quot; (usada para indicar que alguien accede a algo que se le pide, en este caso, responder una pregunta del &lt;em&gt;Seasoned Advice stack&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T14:48:28.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22254" CreationDate="2017-09-12T14:45:20.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes sustituir &lt;em&gt;tierra&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; para que resulte más fácil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se sentía húmeda y fría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17645" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T08:20:11.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:20:11.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-12T15:29:24.040" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo un par de propuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos curtidos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado &lt;em&gt;curtido&lt;/em&gt; es un sinónimo de experimentado y por otro también se puede decir de un fruto encurtido. Tal vez el doble sentido no sea muy evidente ya que esa última definición no es muy común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de la propuesta de @CarlosAlejo &lt;em&gt;consejos con sustancia&lt;/em&gt; he pensado en el jugo de los alimentos y me ha llevado a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos jugosos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tres primeras definiciones que nos da el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MbCiY9J&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; sirven perfectamente al propósito que buscamos de un doble sentido entre algo relacionado con los alimentos (las dos primeras) y la calidad de los consejos (la tercera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Que tiene jugo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Dicho de un alimento: &lt;strong&gt;sustancioso&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ rico en valor nutritivo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Valioso, estimable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T15:29:24.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-12T16:26:35.470" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que una buena buena propuesta sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Consejos picantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas serían las definiciones, todas aplican:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la palabra &lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj.&lt;/strong&gt; Que pica en el paladar: pimientos picantes. También m.:&#xA;      le sienta mal el picante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Malicioso o atrevido en lo que respecta a temas sexuales:&#xA;      chiste picante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17646" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T14:09:22.740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T14:09:22.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22282" CreationDate="2017-09-12T16:58:29.363" Score="10" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21885/c%C3%B3mo-se-escribe-el-plural-de-las-siglas-es-correcto-escribir-ongs/21886#21886&quot;&gt;¿Cómo se escribe el plural de las siglas?&lt;/a&gt; -donde quedó claro que no se les pone una &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; al final sino que se mantienen tal cual- comenté que yo seguía ese criterio con las etiquetas HTML y digo &lt;em&gt;«tres &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«los &lt;code&gt;ul&lt;/code&gt; y sus &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;; no los pluralizo y además siempre los pongo en masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, no sé que reglas aplicarían en este caso y no sabría cómo buscar ya que no sé qué tipo de palabras son, si es que son palabras (supongo que sí). ¿Tienen un nombre o están dentro de alguna categoría que yo no adivino? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas de estas etiquetas se pueden traducir al elemento que representan, &lt;code&gt;ul&lt;/code&gt; sería &lt;em&gt;lista desordenada&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;enlace&lt;/em&gt; pero otras como &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; no es tan claro. Tambien puedo decir &lt;em&gt;«las etiquetas &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;«los elementos &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; por ejemplo y me evito problemas pero aún así me gustaría saber qué son estos términos y qué reglas gramaticales podrían aplicarse a ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T06:46:38.133" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:00:35.890" Title="¿Qué tipo de palabras son las etiquetas HTML?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22259" CreationDate="2017-09-12T17:51:05.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The rules apply.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no difference whether it is in negative or possitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets see the rules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uses of Ser&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;       Ser is used to talk about permanent or lasting &#xA;  attributes. If this general rule is too vague for you, think of the&#xA;  acronym DOCTOR, which stands for Descriptions, Occupations,&#xA;  Characteristics, Time, Origin, and Relationships. Let's take a look at&#xA;  each of the above categories individually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uses of Estar:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;       Estar is used to indicate temporary states and&#xA;  locations. If that general rule doesn’t suffice, there are two&#xA;  acronyms that you can think of, PLACE and LoCo. PLACE stands for&#xA;  Position, Location, Action, Condition, and Emotion. LoCo stands for&#xA;  Locations and Conditions. Let's look at PLACE now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/ser-vs-estar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Dict &quot;ser&quot; vs &quot;estar&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La reunión, sin ser urgente, es necesaria para prevenir problemas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In this case &quot;ser&quot; is used with &lt;em&gt;time&lt;/em&gt; (for urgent).&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not used for location, action, condition or emotions (rules of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;) so in this case &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; can not be used instead of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="17466" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T08:56:30.353" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:56:30.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22275" CreationDate="2017-09-12T18:25:48.847" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues tal y como los estás usando, son sustantivos. De hecho puedes decir &quot;los &lt;em&gt;div&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Si dices &quot;la etiqueta &lt;em&gt;div&lt;/em&gt;· estaría funcionando como aposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego, son palabras de otro idioma, así que deben tratarse como tales: con cursiva o comillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T18:25:48.847" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3237" CreationDate="2017-09-12T19:31:45.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad de que se use &quot;Fama&quot; como sinónimo a carnicería en Colombia es que en el siglo XIX existió una carnicería en el centro de Bogotá que se llamaba &quot;La Fama&quot;, y era la única de aquel entonces, por lo que la expresión &quot;voy a La Fama&quot;, o &quot;hijo, vaya a La Fama&quot;, se quedó guardada para siempre en la cultura Bogotana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17647" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-11-19T13:41:54.913" LastActivityDate="2019-11-19T13:41:54.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22281" CreationDate="2017-09-13T02:05:49.220" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el significado de &amp;quot;discurso&amp;quot; en este contexto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El objetivo del artículo es analizar la relación entre el &lt;strong&gt;discurso&lt;/strong&gt; sobre la práctica pedagógica y la práctica real en sala de clases de los profesores en establecimientos educativos de alto desempeño y bajo nivel socioeconómico de Santiago de Chile. Se implementa un estudio descriptivo de metodología mixta, entrevistas semiestructuradas a nueve docentes, y análisis de filmación de 34 horas de clases. Se encuentra coherencia entre el &lt;strong&gt;discurso&lt;/strong&gt; referido al contexto institucional y el tipo de intervención del profesor, y desfase entre el &lt;strong&gt;discurso&lt;/strong&gt; sobre la interacción profesor-estudiante y el tipo de intervención con ellos en la clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son dos las preguntas que orientan el estudio: ¿qué elementos del &lt;strong&gt;discurso&lt;/strong&gt; constituyen la práctica pedagógica del docente en contextos educativos de alto rendimiento escolar?, y ¿cómo estos elementos discursivos se ponen de manifiesto en la práctica pedagógica en el aula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17652" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T07:17:33.173" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de &quot;discurso&quot; en este contexto?" Tags="&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-09-13T10:42:56.827" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-13T02:24:30.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ha ocurrido otra posibilidad, pero que solo responde a medias. En este caso dejaría de lado la traducción de &lt;em&gt;seasoned&lt;/em&gt; y haría un juego de palabras con &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;reserva&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta se explica que algunas de las acepciones de &amp;quot;seasoned&amp;quot; son &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;experienced, quality (advice)&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los vinos se categorizan como de &lt;em&gt;crianza&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reserva&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gran reserva&lt;/em&gt;. Si nos centramos en el aspecto de &amp;quot;quality&amp;quot; (y de la &lt;em&gt;edad&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;veteranía&lt;/em&gt;, que es otra de las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;seasoned&lt;/em&gt;) podría hacerse un juego de palabras con &amp;quot;reserva&amp;quot; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos Culinarios Gran Reserva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con el doble sentido de &amp;quot;algo que es de gran categoría&amp;quot; y/o mejorado con el paso del tiempo, y las acepciones de &amp;quot;guarda o custodia que se hace de algo; recursos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W9AlOxX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reserva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Guarda o custodia que se hace de algo, o prevención de ello para que sirva a su tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. pl. recursos (‖ elementos disponibles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya que se guardan estos &amp;quot;recursos&amp;quot; que con las preguntas y respuestas del stack. Se pierde la connotación de &amp;quot;experimentado&amp;quot; de &lt;em&gt;seasoned&lt;/em&gt;, pero se gana en &amp;quot;calidad&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;veteranía&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T02:24:30.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22279" CreationDate="2017-09-13T07:17:33.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser una contraposicion de &lt;em&gt;discurso&lt;/em&gt; = planteamiento teórico, frente a su implementación en la práctica real.&#xA;Efectivamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DtpVc7a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;discurso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene varias acepciones que indican un planteamiento teórico, como:     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Doctrina, ideología, tesis o punto de vista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T07:17:33.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22275" CreationDate="2017-09-13T07:23:38.983" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso yo diría que se están usando como sustantivos, pero solamente porque el elemento al que representan es a su vez un sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;división&lt;/em&gt; (de la página).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;elemento&lt;/em&gt; (de la lista).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;hr&lt;/code&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; (horizontal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Hay que tener claro que una cosa es el elemento representado —el elemento estructural de una página HTML— y otra el texto &quot;&amp;lt;div&gt;&quot; o &quot;div&quot; usado en la oración.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los elementos representados (división, elemento, línea) corresponden con sustantivos, y por tanto al usar sus nombres de etiquetas (&quot;div&quot;, &quot;li&quot;, &quot;hr&quot;) en el lenguaje se usan también como sustantivos. Si se usa como &lt;em&gt;el div&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;los div&lt;/em&gt;, es cierto que estás sustantivizando los nombres de las etiquetas. Si dices &lt;em&gt;los elementos div&lt;/em&gt;, es un apócope de &quot;los elementos titulados 'div'&quot;, y entonces 'div' actuaría como un título de etiqueta, igual que si dijeras &quot;los libros titulados 'El señor de los anillos'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esta sustantivización se realiza únicamente porque las etiquetas representan sustantivos. ¿Qué pasaría si las etiquetas representaran cualquier otra cosa? En XML se pueden crear etiquetas representando cualquier cosa. ¿Y si la etiqueta fuese &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;azul&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;rojo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;? ¿Diríamos &lt;em&gt;los azul&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;los rojo&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Y si fuese &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ElementosClasificadosPorColor&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ElementosFacturadosPendientes&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;? Entonces hablaríamos simplemente de &quot;los elementos clasificados por color&quot; o simplemente de &quot;la etiqueta 'ElementosFacturadosPendientes'&quot;. Y entonces actuaría nuevamente como un título.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclarar que los títulos de obras &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QudQkJJbrEqSOFWE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se suelen asemejar en las oraciones a los nombres propios&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt;, párrafo 12.8p), por tanto equivaldrían a un sustantivo compuesto por un grupo nominal. Así que al final sí, en cualquier caso estaríamos hablando de sustantivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a si decir &quot;los div&quot; o &quot;los divs&quot;, mi opinión es que es irrelevante. Por un lado, se podría suponer que &quot;div&quot; es un sustantivo invariable en plural (como es el caso de &quot;análisis&quot;). Por otro lado, se podrían aplicar las reglas básicas de pluralización de los sustantivos (sería &quot;divs&quot;). O se podría pensar que &quot;los div&quot; es una contracción de &quot;los elementos div&quot; (siguiendo las mismas reglas que en &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17474/12637&quot;&gt;los países miembro&lt;/a&gt;&quot;). La palabra a fin de cuentas es un neologismo, y por tanto las reglas te las puedes inventar tú. Y lo mismo con el resto de palabras (&quot;li&quot;/&quot;lis&quot;, &quot;hr&quot;/&quot;hrs&quot;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T16:00:35.890" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:00:35.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T07:40:14.403" Score="6" ViewCount="4256" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ja0Q4FQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gruesa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Número de doce docenas, especialmente de cosas menudas. &lt;em&gt;Una gruesa de botones, de agujas.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que no parece tener mucha relación con las restantes acepciones. ¿Cómo surgió?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICION&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En &quot;Asterix y el Caldero&quot; se define una gruesa como &lt;strong&gt;catorce catorcenas&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionarioasterix.blogspot.com.es/2010/02/g.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;; siempre pensé que era una broma, pero veo que &lt;em&gt;catorcena&lt;/em&gt; si figura en el diccionario de la lengua &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7ycSVpl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorDisplayName="user17232" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T19:31:57.093" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T19:31:57.093" Title="¿Por qué una &quot;gruesa&quot; son &quot;doce docenas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22283" CreationDate="2017-09-13T08:00:47.997" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mediaeval Latin the word &lt;em&gt;grossus&lt;/em&gt; meant great or big and is supposedly the source for the Spanish &lt;em&gt;grueso&lt;/em&gt;. In Old French a &lt;em&gt;grosse douzaine&lt;/em&gt; was a large dozen and hence a gross in the sense of 144. This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=gross&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page&lt;/a&gt; (in English) discusses the etymology of the English word gross but is I think relevant to the Spanish since we are both deriving the word from Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:00:47.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22283" CreationDate="2017-09-13T08:12:52.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente, las palabras &lt;em&gt;gruesa&lt;/em&gt; del español y &lt;em&gt;gross&lt;/em&gt; del inglés debían tener el mismo origen al significar lo mismo. Como bien apunta mdewey &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22284/12637&quot;&gt;en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra parece provenir del francés &lt;em&gt;grosse douzaine&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;gran docena&quot;), aunque traduciendo (tal vez erróneamente) &lt;em&gt;grosse&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;gruesa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la etimología enlazada por mdewey se dice que el origen fue a principios del siglo XV. Esto cuadra con la primera aparición de la expresión en el CORDE, que es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Primeramente, una gruesa de cucharas pyntadas de foja de peral, a veynte e syete maravedís, e por dosena a tres maravedís.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;otrosy, la gruesa de las cucharas, llanas, blancas, a dies e ocho maravedís, e por dosena a dos maravedís.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Arancel de precios y salarios de Cuenca&quot; (Documentos sobre industria textil), 1462 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda claro que el documento habla de los precios por docena de ciertos objetos (la docena era una unidad muy usada para vender artículos), y de los descuentos aplicados por volumen (si te llevas una gruesa te cobran 9 docenas en vez de 12).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:12:52.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22283" CreationDate="2017-09-13T08:49:24.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues no creas que es tan sencillo encontrar el origen...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUISalirNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt;, vemos que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&quot;gruessa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; con la acepción de &quot;doce docenas&quot; aparecía ya en la primera edición del diccionario de Autoridades, en 1734:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hXl3G.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hXl3G.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso quiere decir que el origen es seguramente anterior al siglo XVIII. Y por anterior, estamos hablando de cualquiera de los diez siglos previos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos vamos entonces al &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; para buscar apariciones de la palabra en textos de esos siglos. Podemos encontrar usos con ese sentido en el s. XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;17 Agugetas de hilo á cien maravedís la &lt;strong&gt;gruesa&lt;/strong&gt; que es doce docenas... 100 Agallas á dos mil quinientos maravedís el quintal... 2, 500&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Anónimo, &lt;em&gt;Valuación hecha en la villa de Bilbao del precio de las mercaderías que venían de fuera del Reino&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;1563&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso en el s. XV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cucharas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - Primeramente, &lt;strong&gt;una gruesa&lt;/strong&gt; de cucharas pyntadas de foja de peral, a veynte e syete maravedís, e por dosena a tres maravedís.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - otrosy, &lt;strong&gt;la gruesa&lt;/strong&gt; de las cucharas, llanas, blancas, a dies e ocho maravedís, e por dosena a dos maravedís.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Anónimo, &lt;em&gt;Arancel de precios y salarios de Cuenca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;1462&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no he hallado nada más antiguo que eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://z13.invisionfree.com/DozensOnline/ar/t245.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este foro&lt;/a&gt; hay una discusion sobre el origen de la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;gross&lt;/em&gt;, que significa lo mismo; y comentan lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My old 'Complete Oxford English dictionary' for 'gross = twleve dozen'&#xA;  refers to French 'grosse', Spanish 'grueso', Italian 'grossa', as the&#xA;  feminine of a word meaning 'big'. It says that the Vulgate has 'grossus'&#xA;  as the adjective for 'big'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The obvious backformation is&lt;/em&gt; (duodecena) grossa, &lt;em&gt;but the fact is the Romans didn't use a word for 'dozen', let alone higher duodecimal powers, for the simple reason they didn't count integers by the dozen. They did have a pretty extensive set of names for duodecimal (and related) subdivisions, though; since they did use twelfths for fractions, especially for subdividing measurement and monetary units. The Romans were practical-minded people, and grouping items into ten-based collectives such as the hundred and the thousand is practical for counting them on fingers, while splitting stuff into twelve-based subdivisions is useful for commerce.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo, vienen a decir que la misma palabra existe tanto en inglés, como en italiano, francés o español, y en todas con el mismo significado de &quot;doce docenas&quot;; pero que este significado no puede venir del latín, porque los romanos usaban un sistema de numeración decimal, no duodecimal. En latín, &quot;grossus&quot; significaba &quot;grande&quot;, punto. Eso de las docenas se usaba solo en comercio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que los únicos usos que hemos encontrado son, efectivamente, en textos comerciales; nadie decía &quot;atacaron con una &lt;em&gt;gruesa&lt;/em&gt; de hombres&quot;, sino &quot;atacaron con &lt;em&gt;doze dozenas&lt;/em&gt; de hombres&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo lo anterior (y esto es una conjetura mía), &lt;strong&gt;lo más probable es que &quot;&lt;em&gt;gruesa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; con el significado de &quot;doce docenas&quot; fuese una palabra tomada del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_vehicular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lingua franca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; usada por los marineros y comerciantes europeos entre los siglos XIV y XIX para entenderse entre ellos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T09:12:16.260" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T09:12:16.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T08:49:35.453" Score="7" ViewCount="3949" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testiculina&lt;/strong&gt; no aparece en el DLE, pero parece ser una palabra utilizada con frecuencia, como&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cuartopoder.es/ideas/2017/04/04/patriotas/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...que defiende el modelo de selección de Del Bosque (tiqui taca) frente al de Camacho (&lt;strong&gt;testiculina&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lyricsondemand.com/letras/r/rodrigoletras/unlargocaminoalcieloletras.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un largo camino al cielo, &lt;strong&gt;testiculina&lt;/strong&gt; de macho,&#xA;te extrañaran mis mañanas, tu mi amigo yo tu hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.ign.com/movies/71956/news/critica-de-300-el-origen-de-un-imperio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;o aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La fórmula es tan simple como efectiva: &lt;strong&gt;testiculina&lt;/strong&gt;, esteroides, acción estilizada, sangre a borbotones y personajes de una pieza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La intuición me sugiere que sería algo así como &amp;quot;extracto de testículos&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;secreción de testículos&amp;quot;, pero el que antaño pensara que &amp;quot;mamporrero&amp;quot; es el que &amp;quot;distribuye mamporros&amp;quot; y no su significado real me ha hecho más cauto con las especulaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T10:48:22.660" Title="¿Qué es la &quot;testiculina&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22287" CreationDate="2017-09-13T09:20:43.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que significa exactamente lo que parece. Diría que se trata de un neologismo que aplica el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ina&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L9vjZMs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-īna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. En química, indica sustancia relacionada con lo denotado por el elemento principal de la palabra. &lt;em&gt;Adrenalina, cocaína, morfina, cafeína.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, en el último ejemplo se habla de &quot;fórmula&quot; (con alusión a las fórmulas químicas), &quot;esteroides&quot; (una sustancia química biológica) y otros conceptos biológicos, lo que induce a pensar con poco lugar a dudas de que significa &quot;sustancia relacionada con los testículos&quot;, es decir, una forma de aludir a la hombría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T09:20:43.917" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22295" CreationDate="2017-09-13T11:15:18.747" Score="5" ViewCount="2054" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE nos define &lt;em&gt;condescender&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ABa92po&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condescender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;condescendĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. intr. Acomodarse por bondad al gusto y voluntad de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, cada vez más lo veo utilizado en un sentido diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Cuando le pregunté, el profesor me respondió de una forma muy condescendiente: me trató de ignorante de una forma sutil, desdeñando mis argumentos con medias verdades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/q/2784/83&quot;&gt;una discusión&lt;/a&gt; en Meta de Stack Overflow en español mencionan que este uso es un calco del inglés &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/condescend?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;condescendence&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;to behave as if one is conscious of descending from a superior position, rank, or dignity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=condescend&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Reference&lt;/a&gt; veo que traducen &lt;em&gt;condescende&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;condescender&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que parecería que el término es correcto, pero como traducción de la tercera acepcíon del inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;to put aside one's dignity or superiority voluntarily and assume equality with one regarded as inferior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como vimos con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16380/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es &amp;quot;eventualmente&amp;quot; una traducci&amp;#243;n v&amp;#225;lida de &amp;quot;eventually&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17074/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; en alg&amp;#250;n caso la traducci&amp;#243;n de &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;, parecería que se está extendiendo el uso de &lt;em&gt;condescender&lt;/em&gt; como falsa traducción de un término que probablemente ya existe, por lo que me surgen dos dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es correcto usar &lt;em&gt;condescender&lt;/em&gt; para hablar de la acción de tratar a alguien con superioridad?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no es así, ¿cuál sería la traducción correcta de &lt;em&gt;condescendence&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T17:04:32.087" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;condescender&quot; para hablar de tratar a alguien con superioridad?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T11:18:51.777" Score="3" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya en otras preguntas del sitio se han comentado casos de otras palabras que, debido a influencias de idiomas extranjeros, acaban adoptando significados diferentes de los que tenían previamente en español. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16380/12637&quot;&gt;Eventualmente&lt;/a&gt;. Se usa con el significado de &quot;antes o después&quot; en vez de con el significado de &quot;incierta o casualmente&quot; por influjo del inglés.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17074/12637&quot;&gt;Bizarro&lt;/a&gt;. Se usa con el significado de &quot;raro&quot; en vez de &quot;valiente&quot; por influjo del francés, italiano y otros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo estos casos como pequeños detalles que atestiguan un proceso mayor: el de la fusión de idiomas. Si se ve con perspectiva, el mundo en el que vivimos hace cada vez más fácil aprender y usar otros idiomas, nos acerca unos a otros, y las palabras y significados entran en un proceso de fusión semántica por pura comodidad del hablante. Se hace patente últimamente en el caso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22290/12637&quot;&gt;condescender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que está introduciendo en español la carga negativa que tiene en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos procesos de modificación semántica de palabras ya existentes en castellano, ¿se consideran extranjerismos? A mi entender, un extranjerismo es una palabra que se ha introducido en el idioma a falta de una alternativa apropiada, y que aún no se ha adaptado. Así lo recoge el DLE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HOauPO6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;extranjerismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Ling.&lt;/em&gt; Préstamo, especialmente el no adaptado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, en su día &lt;em&gt;football&lt;/em&gt; fue un extranjerismo hasta que se adaptó a &lt;em&gt;fútbol&lt;/em&gt;. Y más recientes han sido el caso de &lt;em&gt;tweet&lt;/em&gt; que se adaptó como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=asqoMGb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y el caso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OBTib4V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (como cómic japonés), que no precisó de adaptación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, el término &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17741/12637&quot;&gt;préstamo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en lingüística hace referencia a los elementos que unas lenguas toman de otras, pero suelen ser elementos léxicos y no semánticos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, estos casos son diferentes, dado que las palabras ya existían con sus correspondientes significados y no han variado su escritura. Los préstamos lo que han hecho ha sido introducir nuevos significados. Y en algunos casos ni siquiera cambia el significado, solo introduce matices (como palabras que pasan a ser peyorativas). ¿Existe otro nombre para designar a estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T12:42:23.197" Title="¿Se consideran extranjerismos los significados o matices añadidos por influencia de otros idiomas a palabras que ya existían en español?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22290" CreationDate="2017-09-13T11:46:03.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta muy curioso que, aunque el DLE recoge para &quot;condescender&quot; un único significado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=condescender&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DPD recoge tres&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;acomodarse voluntariamente a los deseos de otro&quot; (la del DLE),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;rebajarse a hacer algo que se considera indigno o humillante&quot;, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ser condescendiente o tolerante con algo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de estos dos últimos ejemplos, cita respectivamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Los filósofos condescienden a interesarse por la muerte para minimizarla o certificar su inexistencia» (Savater Invitación [Esp. 1982]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«La democracia, más aún cuando es frágil e imperfecta, no puede darse el lujo de condescender con actitudes y actos que la ponen en grave riesgo» (Proceso [Méx.] 15.9.96).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El segundo significado implica un tono negativo: te estás rebajando a hacer algo que consideras indigno. Luego en la frase del ejemplo que planteas, se puede considerar que el profesor &quot;se rebajó a responder a otra persona a la que considera ignorante&quot;. En todo caso, sí que es cierto que el significado inglés es ligeramente diferente: no es lo mismo &quot;rebajarse a hacer algo que consideras indigno&quot; a &quot;hacer sentir al otro que eres superior&quot;. Podría ser el caso si la persona que considera que se está rebajando expresa ese sentimiento y lo hace ver a su interlocutor. En ese caso este se podría sentir como que no es digno (y por tanto sentirse inferior).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ningún caso el DPD considera que alguno de estos tres sentidos sea incorrecto o esté desaconsejado. Luego entiendo que el uso es correcto, aunque este significado como tal no aparezca en el DLE (tal vez haya que preguntarle a la RAE el porqué). La diferencia entre el significado inglés y la segunda acepción del DPD se podría llegar a considerar inexistente, es una simple cuestión de la actitud del que condesciende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T14:40:11.653" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T14:40:11.653" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22290" CreationDate="2017-09-13T11:46:11.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE solo aparece una acepción para condescender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ABa92po&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condescender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Acomodarse por bondad al gusto y voluntad de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=condescender&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; hay una entrada sobre condescender que nos da más significados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando significa ‘acomodarse voluntariamente a los deseos de otro’(...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando significa ‘rebajarse a hacer algo que se considera indigno o humillante’(...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando significa ‘ser condescendiente o tolerante con algo’(...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción del punto 3 podría usarse con el significado de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to behave as if one is conscious of descending from a superior&#xA;  position, rank, or dignity.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la del punto 4 con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;to put aside one's dignity or superiority voluntarily and assume&#xA;  equality with one regarded as inferior.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T11:46:11.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22291" CreationDate="2017-09-13T12:42:23.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que no, un extranjerismo como has indicado es un préstamo y un préstamo según el DLE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U73g6MY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;préstamo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Elemento, generalmente léxico, que una lengua toma de otra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hablamos de una palabra que ya existe en el idioma que la recibe y lo que hace es incluir un significado que no tenía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que está claro es que es un &lt;em&gt;calco semántico&lt;/em&gt; y aunque eso no descarta que pueda ser también un extranjerismo yo diría que son cosas distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6kG5DDl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calco semántico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Adopción de un significado extranjero para una palabra ya existente en una lengua; p. ej., ratón, en su acepción 'aparato manual&#xA;conectado a una computadora', es calco semántico del inglés mouse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T12:42:23.197" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22290" CreationDate="2017-09-13T14:49:14.660" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la definición de la RAE lo único que le sobra es lo de &quot;con bondad&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Condescender&lt;/strong&gt; es, efectivamente, acomodarse al gusto de alguien, ponerse a su nivel, normalmente inferior; de ahí lo de &quot;-descender&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;También puede inferirse esta connotación de &quot;inferior&quot; a partir del uso de &quot;acomodarse&quot;, que implica que quien condesciende está pasando, desde su punto de vista, a un nivel más cómodo: uno que le resulta más sencillo, que no requiere de toda su capacidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Condescendiente&lt;/strong&gt; es quien hace lo anterior. Puede ser un padre hablando con su hijo, o un maestro con su aprendiz:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que ser más &lt;strong&gt;condescendiente&lt;/strong&gt; con el chaval, que está aprendiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay nada negativo en ser &lt;em&gt;condescendiente&lt;/em&gt; de esa manera. Pero sí en esta otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Pues no que llega ayer el becario y se pone a explicarme &lt;em&gt;con aire &lt;strong&gt;condescendiente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; cómo exportar un informe? ¡Si el módulo de informes lo he diseñado yo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí lo que pasa es que &lt;strong&gt;cuando alguien es &lt;em&gt;condescendiente&lt;/em&gt; de forma ostensible&lt;/strong&gt;, dejando claro que considera que se está rebajando a un nivel inferior, &lt;strong&gt;resulta ofensivo, especialmente si la otra persona NO se considera inferior&lt;/strong&gt; ni necesitada de condescendencia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es entonces cuando acusamos, de manera negativa, de ser condescendiente. Pero no es porque condescendiente tenga otro significado negativo aparte del que ya tiene; es porque no siempre es cierto que se haga &quot;con bondad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso digo, que bastaría con quitar ese &quot;con bondad&quot; de la definición, y dejar que sean el contexto y los hablantes quienes hagan ese juicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T10:46:25.183" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T10:46:25.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T18:47:48.430" Score="1" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second verse of the children's song &amp;quot;Al Agua Pato&amp;quot; goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poquito panza arriba&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y otro poquitito al sol.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cada cual a su manera&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;goza de la natación.  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=2283982&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the third and fourth lines to be summarizing the previous two, saying that there are different ways to enjoy swimming.  But, lines one and two seem to say the same thing!  That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;panza arriba&amp;quot; – belly facing upward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;al sol&amp;quot; – facing the sun (i.e., upward)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I misinterpreting lines one and two?  Do they actually describe two different ways of swimming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Castellano&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El segundo verso de la canción infantil &amp;quot;Al Agua Pato&amp;quot; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poquito panza arriba&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y otro poquitito al sol.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cada cual a su manera&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;goza de la natación.  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=2283982&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que las líneas tres y cuatro son una resumen de las dos anteriores, diciendo que hay diferentes maneras de gozar de la natación.  Pero me parece que líneas una y dos significan lo mismo.  O sea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;panza arriba&amp;quot; – barriga hacia el cielo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;al sol&amp;quot; – hacia el sol (i.e., arriba)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quizás mi entendimiento de las líneas una y dos está mal?  ¿Realmente describen dos maneras distintas de nadar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:46:55.977" Title="What's the difference between &quot;panza arriba&quot; and &quot;al sol&quot; in the song &quot;Al agua pato&quot;?" Tags="&lt;canción&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1273" CreationDate="2017-09-13T19:02:20.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A trick or a tip may work for some people, but I recommend you &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;simply learn the mechanics.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rolling the R is not a mysterious talent--it's simply a skill you can learn. You just need to have it broken down into simple steps that you can follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.supercocoapp.com/post/how-to-roll-your-rs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;teach the rolled R&lt;/a&gt;, we start with three lessons, and 7 exercises:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LESSON 1. Develop tongue awareness&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't skip this step. Most or all the difficulty comes down to lack of awareness of what's going on inside the mouth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 1:&lt;/strong&gt; The peanut-butter scrape&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you have peanut butter on the roof of your mouth. Scrape it off with the tip of your tongue, exploring the entire inside of your mouth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 2:&lt;/strong&gt; The alphabet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say each letter of the alphabet and take the time to feel exactly where your tongue is placed and/or what motion it follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LESSON 2. Learn to vibrate the lips and tongue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't tackle the alveolar trill until you really understand the mechanics of the easier trills. Every trill has these three things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Air flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Air gap&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vibrating body part&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 3:&lt;/strong&gt; The lip trill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest trill to start with is the lip trill. This is the sound we make when we go &quot;Brrr--it's cold&quot;. Blow air out between your lips while gradually closing them, holding them in a relaxed state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 4:&lt;/strong&gt; The closed tongue trill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your mouth closed, create a small gap between the blade of your tongue and the roof of your mouth. Blow out and you will hear something like a &quot;Shhhh&quot; sound. Keeping your tongue relaxed, close the gap until it is almost shut. Your tongue will begin to vibrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 5:&lt;/strong&gt; The alveolar trill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While doing the closed trill, gradually open your mouth, keeping just the tip of your tongue tied to the alveolar ridge. Use the same technique to make the tip of your tongue vibrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LESSON 3. Incorporate the trill into actual words&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you can make a pure, alveolar trill, you'll need to practice incorporating it into words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 6:&lt;/strong&gt; Vowel + Trill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Practice alternating between an &quot;Ahhh&quot; sound and your alveolar trill. Finally, connect them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exercise 7:&lt;/strong&gt; Consonant + Vowel + Trill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's a simple step to add words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mar (sea)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;dar (to give)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;bar (bar)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;por (for)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;color (color)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;pintor (painter)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, there's still &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.supercocoapp.com/post/how-to-roll-your-rs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lots more that you can do&lt;/a&gt; to refine your sound and make it more native-like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as others have pointed out, the rolled R is acquired later by native speakers than any other sound. And it's quite common for native speakers to need help learning it. So don't expect to master it overnight!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with a modest amount of systematic practice, anyone can learn it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11575" LastEditorUserId="11575" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T16:20:24.177" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T16:20:24.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22296" CreationDate="2017-09-13T19:46:55.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Children's songs (and sometimes songs, in general) are not always &quot;accurate&quot;. They only have to sound good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you are right in your translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;panza arriba&quot; – belly facing upward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;al sol&quot; – facing the sun / facing up &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we discovered there are other more consistent versions where they say &quot;abajo&quot; instead of &quot;arriba&quot; so describing two really different ways of swimming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/BHmn7wedL1k?t=1m20s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Video of the &quot;abajo&quot; version&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/MJOXMiZ9qBo?t=41s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Video of the &quot;arriba&quot; version&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:46:55.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T02:39:43.110" Score="5" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fearmonger&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fearmonger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone who spreads fear, or needlessly raises the alarm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fearmongering&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fearmongering&lt;/a&gt; (or scaremongering)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spreading of frightening and exaggerated rumors of an impending danger or the habit or tactic of purposely and needlessly arousing public fear about an issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;fearmonger&lt;/em&gt; es una persona que saca aprovecho de difundir miedo y pánico. Suele hacerse mediante la manipulación, la exageración y la repetición de información y otras tácticas psicológicas basadas en el miedo. Al meter miedo a la población que es objetivo de esta campaña se les influencia para que actúen dejándose llevar por este miedo. Básicamente, a través del miedo (y la manipulación) establezco una necesidad (de mis servicios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que soy una megaempresa farmacéutica, y se dan una serie de casos de gripe aviar, porcina o lo que sea. Mediante la manipulación (&lt;em&gt;fearmongerism&lt;/em&gt;) puedo manipular a la población (o la opinión pública) para que se asuste y piense que la cosa es mucho más grave y frecuente de lo que en realidad es. Como resultado la gente pide que se produzcan más vacunas y yo me lleno los bolsillos a base de venderlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El uso es frecuente en política: Que si hay unos colectivos que tal y cual (nos quitan nuestros derechos/dinero/mujeres/costumbres), que si ese otro país tiene armas nucleares, que si la oposición va a hacer una locura que nos va a llevar a la ruina de nuestros mercados financieros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi lo mejor que se me ocurre es &amp;quot;tratante del miedo&amp;quot;. En cualquier caso, también tenemos &amp;quot;fishmonger&amp;quot;, que sería un pescadero o tratante de pescado, y &amp;quot;warmonger&amp;quot; que sería un &amp;quot;instigador de la guerra&amp;quot; (alguien que por ejemplo hace que dos potencias terminen enfrentadas para sacar tajada del conflicto a base de vender armas, servicios militares, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay alguna traducción mejor en español para &amp;quot;Fearmonger/fearmongerism&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T03:21:02.333" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;fearmonger&quot; / &quot;fearmongerism&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T05:55:22.993" Score="7" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;En sentido positivo traduciría 'awesome' por &lt;em&gt;impresionante&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo). ¿Cómo seria la traducción de 'awesomeness'? Debería ser un nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podria ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;impresionabilidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17660" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T06:25:04.233" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T10:49:10.637" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;awesomeness&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22300" CreationDate="2017-09-14T06:52:29.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nada más empezar la película de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0441773/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kung-Fu Panda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, Po nos relata la historia de un maestro de las artes marciales, incluyendo la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He was so deadly, in fact, that his enemies would go blind from over-exposure to pure awesomeness!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que si en español hubiese una simple palabra para describir &lt;em&gt;awesomeness&lt;/em&gt; la habrían usado, pero en vez de eso, la traducción dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Era tan letal que sus enemigos quedaban cegados por sobreexposición a su &lt;strong&gt;&quot;alucinancia&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, en una traducción se ha de tener en cuenta el tiempo en el que se tarda en decir la frase para sincronizar el movimiento de los labios. Posiblemente haya una forma mejor de describirla en castellano, pero como neologismo me parece genial. A fin de cuentas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=28eKbTs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alucinante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=28fwlxV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alucina&lt;/a&gt; [sorprende, asombra, deslumbra].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QJb1Ewu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ncia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma sustantivos femeninos abstractos, de significado muy variado, determinado por la base derivativa. Toma las formas &lt;strong&gt;-ancia&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando la base derivativa termina en -ante, y &lt;strong&gt;-encia&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando termina en -ente o -iente. &lt;em&gt;Extravagancia, importancia. Insistencia, dependencia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;em&gt;alucinancia&lt;/em&gt; sería un neologismo cuyo significado sería &quot;la cualidad de ser alucinante&quot;. Y &quot;alucinante&quot; suele ser una traducción aceptada (aunque algo coloquial) para &quot;awesome&quot;. Y de hecho en la película encaja muy bien y se entiende perfectamente lo que Po quiere expresar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra se ha hecho un pequeño hueco en la cultura popular. Si se busca en Google ahora mismo lo primero que sale es una referencia un espectáculo de un mago, cuyo nombre (el del espectáculo) es precisamente &quot;Alucinancia&quot;. Si tratamos de eliminar de la búsqueda estas referencias, aún aparecen &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=alucinancia%20-mago%20-jaque&amp;amp;oq=alucinancia%20-mago%20-jaque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alrededor de 37600 resultados&lt;/a&gt;. Muchos, por supuesto, son referencias a la propia película de &lt;em&gt;Kung-Fu Panda&lt;/em&gt;, pero el hecho de que la gente escriba usando o haciendo referencia a esta palabra, indica que ha calado, aunque sea mínimamente. A fin de cuentas, tampoco es una palabra que haga mucha falta usar en el habla cotidiana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is no charge for awesomeness... or attractiveness.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La alucinancia no tiene precio..., la atractividad tampoco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/912584848430288896&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me confirma por Twitter&lt;/a&gt; que, aunque la palabra &lt;em&gt;alucinancia&lt;/em&gt; no tiene uso en español, sería el derivado que corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T10:49:10.637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T10:49:10.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22299" CreationDate="2017-09-14T07:37:41.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;em&gt;fearmongerism&lt;/em&gt; se traduce en español como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;política del miedo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. Por supuesto, se usa en política justo con el significado que comentas, pero también se puede extender a otro tipo de &amp;quot;políticas&amp;quot;, como la &amp;quot;política de empresa&amp;quot;. Así que se podría usar también en el caso de empresas farmacéuticas y otras. Lo malo es que así, &lt;em&gt;fearmonger&lt;/em&gt; se traduciría como &amp;quot;que usa/practica la política del miedo&amp;quot;, no se me ocurre nada más corto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, los ejemplos que he visto hacen referencia casi todos a la política más que a empresas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coherente con la política del miedo que, según los demócratas, el presidente George W. Bush ha venido instrumentando desde que tuvieron lugar los atentados del 11 de setiembre, el vicepresidente Dick Cheney advirtió a los electores norteamericanos que si se equivocan el día de las elecciones presidenciales existe el peligro de que haya nuevos atentados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diario El Clarín, 09/09/2004 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero la política del miedo no se utiliza únicamente para conseguir el apoyo de la población en cuanto a las guerras y conflictos, sino que también sirve para convencer a la gente de que determinadas decisiones políticas o económicas son necesarias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan Pérez Ventura, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://papeldeperiodico.com/2013/10/como-funciona-el-mundo-1-la-politica-del-miedo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo funciona el mundo (1): la política del miedo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, 2013 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T08:04:57.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T08:42:16.113" Score="2" ViewCount="1706" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con Wikipedia, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilunga_(palabra)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ilunga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una palabra de la lengua bantú,  que no tiene traducción exacta a otro idioma, pero cuya traducción aproximada es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El grado moral de una persona que está lista para perdonar y olvidar una primera ofensa, tolerarla una segunda vez, pero nunca perdonar ni tolerar una tercera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea de una traducción / adaptación un poco más concisa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T14:26:59.953" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:29:08.643" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;ilunga&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22306" CreationDate="2017-09-14T09:07:24.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos en la Wikipedia en inglés, la definición habla simplemente de una &quot;persona que ...&quot; y no del &quot;grado moral de una persona que ...&quot;. Por tanto, eliminemos lo del &quot;grado moral&quot; de la ecuación y veamos qué nos queda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LRjaY36&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indulgente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;indulgens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Inclinado a perdonar y disimular los yerros o a conceder gracias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra puede usarse para la parte de perdonar (el primer fallo) y tolerar (el segundo), ya que habla de la capacidad para perdonar y disimular los yerros. Faltaría la última parte, la de &quot;no perdonar una tercera&quot;. Para eso habrá que recurrir a algún modificador aparte. Propongo las siguientes opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indulgente pero no mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indulgente pero sin pasarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moderadamente indulgente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque creo que la que podría respetar más el concepto original es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indulgente hasta la tercera.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entendiéndose &quot;la tercera&quot; como &quot;la tercera vez que le falles a esa persona&quot; o, siguiendo la definición, &quot;el tercer yerro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T17:29:08.643" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T17:29:08.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22310" CreationDate="2017-09-14T13:40:08.607" Score="3" ViewCount="324" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This game is already over.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The winner is &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/13628&quot;&gt;walen&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22310/12637&quot;&gt;a proposal of just 184 characters&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This time I'd like to propose a text taken from the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083658/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blade Runner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; movie. Yes, the original one, the one from 1982. The following excerpt is actually spoken in the movie by two different characters (Deckard and Rachael), and is related to the fake memories implanted in the artificial brains of the replicants. I have joined the sentences in one paragraph (consider that the following is said by Deckard to Rachael):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remember when you were six? You and your brother snuck into an empty building through a basement window. You were going to play doctor. He showed you his, but when it got to be your turn you chickened and ran; you remember that? You ever tell anybody that? Your mother, Tyrell, anybody? Remember the spider that lived outside your window? Orange body, green legs. Watched her build a web all summer, then one day there's a big egg in it. The egg hatched... and a hundred baby spiders came out... and they ate her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(397 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can watch the scene here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/8BYSYE1zXUw?t=87&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/8BYSYE1zXUw?t=87&lt;/a&gt; (I suppose this is a non-official video.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have access now to the official Spanish translation (for Spain) of the movie dialogue, so I'll come up with a non-golfed translation of my own:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¿Recuerdas cuando tenías seis años? Tu hermano y tú os habíais colado en un edificio vacío a través de una ventana del sótano. Ibais a jugar a los médicos. Él te la enseñó, pero cuando llegó tu turno te acobardaste y huiste, ¿lo recuerdas? ¿Se lo has contado a alguien? ¿A tu madre, a Tyrell, a alguien? ¿Recuerdas la araña que vivía por fuera de tu ventana? De cuerpo naranja y patas verdes. La observaste tejer una red todo el verano, y un día apareció en ella un huevo enorme. El huevo eclosionó... y cientos de arañitas salieron de él... y se la comieron.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(430 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T20:21:26.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T20:21:26.323" Title="Translation-golf XVIII - Fake memories" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-14T13:42:57.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22264" CreationDate="2017-09-14T15:01:05.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a darte mi opinión como persona que habla español de nacimiento.  Me refiero a que yo no &quot;analizo&quot; mucho las frases, sino que las digo como me parece más natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I feel sick. / I feel bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo diría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me siento mal. / Me encuentro mal. (More European)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, si sabes que estas realmente enfermo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy enfermo. (I'm sick.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me siento mal&quot; no significa que necesariamente estés enfermo, puedes estar mareado, indispuesto, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NO digas &quot;Me siento malo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suena raro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estas diciendo &quot;I feel evil.&quot;. En este sentido &quot;malo&quot; es de &quot;maldad&quot; (evilness).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Recuerda que lo mismo ocurre con &quot;I feel good/fine&quot;, es &quot;Me siento/encuentro bien&quot; no &quot;bueno&quot; ya que significaría &quot;I feel that I am a good person.&quot;. &quot;Bien&quot; aquí es normal o saludable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También si te encontrabas mal y ahora no, puedes decir &quot;Me siento/encuentro mejor (better than before).&quot;  o &quot;Ahora me siento/encuentro mejor [que antes (opcional)]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="16980" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T19:50:23.743" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T19:50:23.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22308" CreationDate="2017-09-14T15:27:40.573" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;250 243 240 212&lt;/strike&gt; 184 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los 6, ¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=evocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;evocas&lt;/a&gt;? Con tu &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tato&lt;/a&gt; por el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bLIFqld#Lb35var&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vano&lt;/a&gt; del sótano de la casa vacía, a jugar a médicos... &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=huir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Huiste&lt;/a&gt; al verlo. ¿Lo supo tu mami, Tyrell...? La araña de tu ventana, ¿sí? Naranja, pativerde. El estío tejiendo, ya viste. Y un día fue mamá: 100 bebés. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=jamar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jamáron&lt;/a&gt;la.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio los continuos &lt;em&gt;¿recuerdas?&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;¿sí?&lt;/em&gt;, que sirven el mismo propósito de confirmar que la persona está siguiendo el hilo y efectivamente recuerda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Omito lo de colarse, queda implícito al indicar que entran por el vano (si no se estuviesen colando, entrarían por la puerta).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El objetivo de jugar a médicos a los seis años, creo que todos lo sabemos. Al decir que huyó al verlo, se entiende que fue al ver &amp;quot;eso&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La acción de huir suele implicar miedo, viene en la definición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio toda la parte de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;You ever tell (...) Anybody?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;¿Lo supo tu mami, Tyrell...?&lt;/em&gt;, que con los puntos suspensivos mantiene el significado de preguntarle si alguna vez se lo contó a ellos o a otros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De patas verdes: pativerde. Composición similar a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S9K6tOa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patiblanco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando una araña teje, suele ser su red, no es necesario especificarlo salvo que sea otra cosa distinta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las arañas se convierten en mamás mediante la puesta de huevos y el nacimiento de sus arañitas a partir de los mismos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso cifras en vez de palabras para los números. No hay nada en las reglas ni a favor ni en contra. Para esta edición se ha permitido, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2702/13628&quot;&gt;podéis votar en el debate&lt;/a&gt; sobre si incorporarlo a las reglas o no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T08:51:53.800" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-14T15:27:40.573" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16734" CreationDate="2017-09-14T17:22:21.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tomado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22021/13628&quot;&gt;esta respuesta a otra pregunta parecida&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulafacil.com/articulos/sabias/t2077/el-origen-de-la-expresion-tomar-el-pelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AulaFacil&lt;/a&gt; proponen dos posibles teorías, yo me quedo con la primera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La importancia de las barbas según la época y cultura que analicemos, y lo ofensivo que podía llegar a resultar que alguien tocase o tirase de ella sin consentimiento de su dueño; un acto que podía llevar inmediatamente a una pelea o duelo entre el “agresor” y el “agredido”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta de AlexBcn arriba enlazada se pueden encontrar detalles sobre el origen de la importancia de la barba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T17:22:21.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T17:54:47.370" Score="4" ViewCount="12923" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo las respuestas a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22306/c%C3%B3mo-traducir-ilunga-al-espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, he observado que en una de ellas aparece una lista de opciones (la negrita es mía):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indulgente pero no mucho &lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indulgente pero sin pasarse &lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moderadamente indulgente &lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha llamado la atención que cada una de ellas termina con un &lt;strong&gt;punto y aparte&lt;/strong&gt;, y no sé si es correcto, al no ser oraciones. He consultado el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=punto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DPD&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero no acabo de aclararme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto / obligatorio / opcional ese uso del punto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T11:00:47.580" LastActivityDate="2019-10-07T10:30:38.493" Title="¿Punto al final de los elementos de una lista?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-15T06:18:47.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22313" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22317" CreationDate="2017-09-14T17:55:53.253" Score="1" ViewCount="579" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto que alguien diga por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me &lt;strong&gt;ofendiera&lt;/strong&gt; si ganas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En vez de decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me &lt;strong&gt;ofendería&lt;/strong&gt; si ganas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de que no, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18069" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T21:02:21.477" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T03:32:12.403" Title="Yo me ofendiera si... o, yo me ofendería si... ? (Pretérito imperfecto vs Condicional simple)" Tags="&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22312" CreationDate="2017-09-14T18:19:53.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fundéu tiene lo siguiente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/puntuacion-en-enumeraciones-con-vinetas-10941/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;enumeraciones con viñetas (puntuación)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta: ¿Debe comenzar siempre en mayúscula? ¿Es correcto utilizar punto y coma o punto?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Respuesta: Las dos puntuaciones son válidas, pero las mayúsculas han de ser las que corresponden a la puntuación elegida (minúsculas con punto y coma, mayúsculas con punto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hacen luego referencia a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Enumeraci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; donde dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la hora de montar listas, hay que tener en cuenta varios puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la continuidad y coherencia gramatical;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la puntuación tras la introducción (punto, dos puntos o nada);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la puntuación tras los elementos (coma, punto y coma, punto o nada);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la mayúscula o la minúscula al comienzo de cada ítem (que está relacionado con la puntuación).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde ellos mismos usan &lt;em&gt;punto y coma&lt;/em&gt; pero el tercer párrafo establece que puede también ser &lt;em&gt;punto&lt;/em&gt; o puede no haber nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que el ejemplo usa &lt;em&gt;punto y coma&lt;/em&gt; para separar los elementos de la lista, pero el último elemento termina en &lt;em&gt;punto y aparte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso presente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22307/1674&quot;&gt;Carlos escribe&lt;/a&gt; correctamente la lista con &lt;em&gt;puntos y aparte&lt;/em&gt; y mayúsculas iniciales pero luego de revisar las referencias pienso que ahora prefiero usar &lt;em&gt;punto y coma&lt;/em&gt; sobre el uso del &lt;em&gt;punto aparte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T06:49:53.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22313" CreationDate="2017-09-14T20:37:45.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe un uso condicional del imperfecto. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ahermida/verbos1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt; se resume muy bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Imperfecto-futuro: sustituye al condicional en la apódosis de&#xA;  oraciones condicionales. Es de uso coloquial. Ej.: Si tuviera dinero,&#xA;  me lo compraba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en este caso particular suena realmente mal, y no es para menos: fíjate que en el ejemplo anterior se refiere siempre a oraciones compuestas, en las que una de ellas es condicional (Aunque se omita). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si añades una así como contexto a tu ejemplo, puede valer, al igual que en la cita que te he puesto arriba; pero así solo no parece un uso correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T20:50:39.720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T20:50:39.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22313" CreationDate="2017-09-14T20:48:32.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si tienes una frase que es claramente un condicional (dependiendo de este resultado - si ganas o no- sucede esta otra -yo me enfado-) lo suyo es usar el tiempo condicional. Puede el pretérito imperfecto (o quizá otro tiempo verbal) sustituir al condicional en algún caso? Ten también en cuenta que hay un pretérito imperfecto simple (que es solo para acciones en el pasado) y uno de subjuntivo, y tú ahí estas usando el de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este enlace sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timandangela.org.uk/spanish/19-condicional-simple&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;condicional simple&lt;/a&gt;, que incluye usos como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar deseos. (ej Me gustaría viajar a la India. Desearía comer chocolate.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para dar consejos y sugerencias. (Ej Debería hablar más español. Tendría que ... ¿Cuáles te comprarías tú? Me compraría los azules. Yo que tú me compraría...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Expresar cortesía o suavizar peticiones. (Ej ¿Podría hablar con usted? Querría un billete para Madrid. ¿Te importaría darme fuego?.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar duda o probabilidad en el pasado lejano (con pt. imperfecto y pt. indefinido, pero no el pt. perfecto).&#xA;(Ej ¿A qué hora te acostaste anoche?&#xA;Me acosté a las 2 (un tiempo exacto).&#xA;Sobre las 2 = Me acostaría a las 2 = Serían las 2.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos años tenía cuando la conociste?&#xA;(Ej. Probablemente tenía 23. Tendría como 23.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para expresar un futuro desde un punto de vista pasado.&#xA;(Ej Me dijiste que llegarías sobre las 5)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder del todo a tu pregunta, el pretérito imperfecto (simple) expresa acciones en el pasado. Las condiciones son situaciones hipotéticas, por lo cual con ellas vas a usar los tiempos condicionales o el subjuntivo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo me ofendiera por eso, sería lo lógico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el subjuntivo sí que puede expresar por ejemplo opinión, deseo, prohibiciones, permisos, consejos y sobre todo &lt;strong&gt;probabilidad y duda&lt;/strong&gt;, que entra dentro del terreno del condicional. Es decir que, debido a que tiene un significado subjetivo porque no está sucediendo en realidad o porque está sucediendo en forma irreal, no se puede determinar el tiempo de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dudo que se &lt;strong&gt;ofendiera&lt;/strong&gt; por eso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que que según la RAE, la alternancia de usar el  pretérito pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo en las oraciones condicionales está permitida, es decir que tiene pleno uso decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si hubiese hecho buen tiempo hubiera salido (junto a habría salido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como recuerda &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.abo.fi/csk/proj/vkk/caminando/5/recordando/condicionalysubjuntivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt; se da preferencia al condicional compuesto en estos casos, es decir que en casos  de relación con el subjuntivo, es preferible siempre la forma potencial en los tiempos compuestos. Es decir que no se debería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me hubieras pedido que lo comentara, yo lo hubiese hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más correcto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si me hubieras pedido que lo comentara, yo lo habría hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T20:59:50.367" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T20:59:50.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T21:45:06.887" Score="4" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm designing a problem based around the generic noun 'el pastel' and I'm wondering which variant of the following two is more acceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A ellos les gusta comer el pastel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A ellos les gusta comer pastel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English translation: 'They like to eat/eating cake.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I gather, the consensus on this is that nouns with a generic reference must be preceded by a definite article, as in 'A ellos les gusta el pastel'. However, the inclusion of the infinitive form of 'comer' before the generic noun seems to make the decision more difficult (maybe something semantic?). To my non-native ear, both variants sound Ok, with Variant 2 sounding a bit more natural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17666" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:19:06.073" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:19:06.073" Title="Definite article before generic nouns in constructions with the verb &quot;gustar&quot;" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22312" CreationDate="2017-09-14T22:23:47.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo la pregunta (en inglés) que enlaza @walen en un comentario, sobre el uso de mayúsculas en las listas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21929/how-should-i-capitalize-questions-in-a-bullet-list/21932#21932&quot;&gt;How should I capitalize questions in a bullet list?&lt;/a&gt;, veo que atinadamente señala que en una de las respuestas no solo se responde  a la pregunta allí planteada, sino también a la planteada aquí. Copio y extraigo de la respuesta de @fedorqui a quien se debe todo el mérito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Cuando los elementos que se relacionan son simples, es decir, están constituidos por una palabra o por un grupo sintáctico breve, hay dos opciones. Cabe cerrar cada uno de los conceptos con coma, excepto el último, que se cerrará con punto. Es igualmente válido prescindir de los signos de puntuación...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Cuando los elementos de la lista son más complejos -bien por su mayor extensión, bien por presentar puntuación interna-, es preferible el uso del punto y coma....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Cuando la relación se compone de enunciados completos, la práctica más recomendable es cerrar cada miembro de la enumeración con punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece, por tanto, que la respuesta correcta a la pregunta concreta que planteo (caso de @fedorqui) es que no es correcta la utilización de un punto en esos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-07T10:30:38.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22318" CreationDate="2017-09-14T23:04:38.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Number 2 (&lt;em&gt;comer pastel&lt;/em&gt;) is the one you want. Number 1, though not ungrammatical, is not natural. That's in short. But why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two sentences are basically equivalent, as you said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ellos les gusta el pastel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A ellos les gusta comer pastel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject (in this unusual construction) goes after the verb. In the first sentence the subject is &lt;em&gt;el pastel&lt;/em&gt;. In sentence 2 the subject is &lt;em&gt;comer pastel&lt;/em&gt;. In sentence 1, &lt;em&gt;el pastel&lt;/em&gt; is a definite noun phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;comer pastel&lt;/em&gt; is also (sort of) a definite noun phrase. Inside it there's an infinitive and what in English you'd call a mass noun as its direct object. &lt;em&gt;Pastel&lt;/em&gt; in this sense means &quot;cake&quot; in general, as if cake were a substance, although it can of course work as a countable noun (just as English &quot;cake&quot;). But &lt;em&gt;comer pastel&lt;/em&gt; is both general and definite as it is, because Spanish infinitives are like that by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to use a definite article (&lt;em&gt;comer el pastel&lt;/em&gt;) it would sound as if you meant one particular cake that you've already talked about. This is not what you want, because it's not a general statement (it &lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt; be right if you said e. g. &lt;em&gt;A ellos les gusta comer el pastel que les hago cada vez que vienen&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They like eating the cake I make for them every time they come&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things are different if you just want to say &lt;em&gt;les gusta el pastel&lt;/em&gt;. You can't say *&lt;em&gt;les gusta pastel&lt;/em&gt; because Spanish doesn't work like that; mass nouns in that context do need a definite article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you can have X + infinitive constructions, where X definite and indefinite articles, demonstratives (&lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aquel&lt;/em&gt;), possessives (&lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nuestros&lt;/em&gt;). At this point the infinitive is already what's called a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deverbal_noun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deverbal noun&lt;/a&gt; and it works differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T23:04:38.847" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22300" CreationDate="2017-09-14T23:43:12.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Éste es un chilenismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5E6GAl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imponencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. &lt;em&gt;Chile, Col., R. Dom. y Ven.&lt;/em&gt; Cualidad de imponente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto no es una gran respuesta porque según el DRAE solo lo usamos acá en Chile y en algunos países del Caribe. Se la escucharías decir a algún periodista deportivo y no mucho más que eso. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que más te sorprenderá de Santiago es la imponencia de la Cordillera de los Andes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Con cuánta imponencia se ha presentado el equipo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deriva de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5GTE1U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imponente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. adj. Formidable, que posee alguna cualidad extraordinaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:40:15.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22269" CreationDate="2017-09-15T02:42:13.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consejos con sazón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para &lt;em&gt;sazón&lt;/em&gt;, me recomendaron las definiciones 1 y 3 del DLE pero no me gustan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linguée me da como traducciones al inglés para &lt;em&gt;sazón&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;seasoning&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;zing&lt;/em&gt;.  Me parece much mejor.  Tiene sabor y tiene algo especial (&lt;em&gt;zing&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, y esto sí está en el DLE, para que algo salga bien sazonado, no hay que servir el plato muy poco tiempo después de poner las hojas de oler.  Se debe dar tiempo para que se combinen bien los sabores.  En ese sentido un consejo bien sazonado sería algo que se pensó bien (no se dijo a la lijera), y es un consejo que sale de la experiencia (no de teoría nomás).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T02:42:13.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22300" CreationDate="2017-09-15T02:51:53.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo impresionante&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo increíble&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo ___________ (enorme, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: What did you like best about the Shostakovich?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Oh, what can I say -- just the awesomeness of those big brass sounds filling the auditorium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Qué fue lo que más te gustó de la sinfonía de Shostakovich?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Ay, cómo explicártelo -- creo [que fue] lo impresionante de los metales, que llenaron el auditorio con su gran sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love the awesomeness of the big Shostakovich brass sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta lo enorme de los metales que es especial de Shostakovich.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo enorme&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;the enormousness&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T02:51:53.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22300" CreationDate="2017-09-15T02:59:57.693" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Awesome&lt;/code&gt; puede traducirse como &quot;impresionante&quot; o &quot;asombroso&quot;, pero también como &quot;genial&quot; o &quot;fantástico&quot; (mira &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=awesome&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; de wordreference). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si aceptamos que &quot;genial&quot; es una traducción válida para &quot;awesome&quot;, &lt;code&gt;awesomeness&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/awesomeness&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The quality of being awesome&lt;/a&gt;) sería &lt;strong&gt;&quot;genialidad&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros sinónimos en ese sentido podrían ser &lt;strong&gt;&quot;grandiosidad&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (si aceptamos &quot;grandioso&quot; como posible traducción de &quot;awesome&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T02:59:57.693" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22318" CreationDate="2017-09-15T03:10:37.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's something a little weird about both of the proposed sentences.  What do we do with cake besides eating it?  I think your candidates should actually be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Les gusta el pastel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Les gusta pastel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now the question has a simple answer.  #1.  Tengo que hacer un pastel de cumpleaños para la fiesta de mi hijo. A sus compañeritos les gusta el pastel / les encanta el pastel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T13:48:49.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22346" CreationDate="2017-09-15T03:31:56.253" Score="5" ViewCount="17765" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque a veces se oye la versión incorrecta &quot;hacer la &lt;em&gt;tres&lt;/em&gt; catorce&quot;, la expresión &quot;hacerle la trece catorce&quot; a alguien quiere decir &quot;hacerle una jugarreta, engaño o mala pasada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de aprender que el origen de la expresión viene de los talleres mecánicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/875jem.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/875jem.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los calibres de las llaves fijas son: 6-7, 8-9, 10-11, 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, etc. El calibre &quot;13-14&quot; no existe, pero en los talleres mecánicos a veces se burlaban de los aprendices pidiéndoles buscar la llave &quot;13-14&quot; (y claro, los pobres no podían encontrarla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo la verdad es que siempre pensé que esta expresión tenía un origen distinto (más &quot;local&quot;), y me quedé sorprendido al aprender esto. Me pregunto si esto significa que esa expresión es entendida y usada en todos los países de habla hispana o al menos en otros aparte de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T19:04:06.427" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T13:39:47.397" Title="¿Es &quot;hacer la trece catorce&quot; una expresión del español neutral?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22313" CreationDate="2017-09-15T03:32:12.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo me ofendiera si ganas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es correcto porque el verbo condicional correcto es &lt;em&gt;ofendería&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, con una corrección, sí podrás usar &quot;ofendiera&quot; (subjuntivo del pasado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si yo me ofendiera cada vez que ganas, pues no tendría caso jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T03:32:12.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22329" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22330" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:29:18.113" Score="3" ViewCount="1367" Body="&lt;p&gt;This morning I was reading the news about &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/deportes/2017/09/14/actualidad/1505413631_319224.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spain's demise against Slovenia&lt;/a&gt;, and there was this expression that caught my eye:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El equipo español, roto, hundido, &lt;strong&gt;entregó la cuchara&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I've ever heard this in Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've searched the DLE for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=cuchara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuchara&lt;/a&gt; and for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=entregar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entregar&lt;/a&gt;, but the saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;entregar la cuchara&quot;&lt;/em&gt; does not appear in any of those entries.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I guess it means something along the lines of &quot;to concede victory&quot;, but I want to be sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does &lt;em&gt;&quot;entregar la cuchara&quot;&lt;/em&gt; mean?&lt;/strong&gt; Where does it come from and where is it used nowadays?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T07:21:24.223" Title="What does &quot;entregar la cuchara&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22329" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:43:45.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forocoches.com/foro/showthread.php?t=1382693&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;He encontrado&lt;/a&gt; [las negritas son mías en todos los párrafos]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tantas otras expresiones, del ambiente militar, y específicamente del enfrentamiento entre las tropas mandadas por el Gran Capitán (Gonzalo de Córdoba) con los Jenízaros, una milicia de élite al servicio del Gran Turco. Estos Jenízaros llevaban en el gorro una cuchara de palo, que los españoles se preciaban de conseguir, previo apiolamiento del portador, por considerarla amuleto. Así pues, el turco muerto &quot;entregaba la cuchara&quot; y esta expresión pasó al lenguaje común con el &lt;strong&gt;significado de morirse, o rendirse&lt;/strong&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y  en el mismo sitio, más abajo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una tradición levantina.&#xA;  Antiguamente, cuando se hacía un &quot;arroz en paella&quot; (para los que lo desconocen, la paella es el recipiente), se utilizaba una sola cuchara de mader para todos los comensales.&#xA;  Así la cuchara se pasaba de uno a otro y el gesto de &quot;entregar la cuchara&quot; se convirtió en el gesto de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dejar paso al contrario&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/entregar-la-cuchara.924845/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; indican  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especulando, podría estar relacionado con el torneo de rugby de las cinco naciones (hoy en día son seis naciones), en el que aquél &lt;strong&gt;equipo que NO gana ningún partido&lt;/strong&gt; recibe una cuchara de madera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y más abajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Entregar la cuchara&quot; es una expresión que se dice mucho por mi tierra, Andalucía, y &lt;strong&gt;significa morir, el que entrega la cuchara es por que no va a comer más&lt;/strong&gt;, pero tambien se usa como podeis comprobar para indicar rendición o retirada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/opinion/entregar-cuchara-entregar-cucharas_934803.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coloquialmente, y con un poco de humor negro, en Córdoba se dice &quot;entregar la cuchara&quot; al &lt;strong&gt;acto de morir&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://romavictrix.blogspot.com.es/2008/10/el-sitio-de-malta-1565.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, describiendo el sitio de Malta en 1565:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, a efectos del vocabulario español, la contienda sí tuvo efectos duraderos: Los jenízaros llevaban floridos gorros en cuyo frontal guardaban la cuchara de palo con la que comían; los soldados españoles codiciaban esta cuchara a la que consideraban un verdadero amuleto y registraban a los jenínaros muertos para despojarles de ellas. Desde entonces, &quot;entregar la cuchara&quot; es, para los españoles, &lt;strong&gt;sinónimo de morir&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conjunto, parece que el significado es &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt; y/o &lt;strong&gt;rendirse&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17393" LastEditorDisplayName="user17393" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T07:00:27.437" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T07:00:27.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22329" CreationDate="2017-09-15T07:21:24.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo decir de dónde viene la expresión, pero respondiendo a la pregunta principal parece que, originalmente, significaba &lt;strong&gt;morir&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sabía que me he muerto; sí es verdad que por poco entrego la cuchara.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004241757&amp;amp;page=21&amp;amp;search=%22entreg%C3%B3%20la%20cuchara%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Revista musical (Bilbao).&lt;/a&gt; 11/1911, n.º 11, página 21.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, con el tiempo pasó a significar &lt;strong&gt;ceder, rendirse&lt;/strong&gt;. En el siguiente ejemplo vemos la necesidad del que escribe de explicar el eufemismo que estaba usando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estos compadres son el partido liberal, que hoy ejerce el cargo de&lt;/em&gt; mayoral &lt;em&gt;en el cortijo del&lt;/em&gt; turno, &lt;em&gt;y el partido conservador que entregó la&lt;/em&gt; cuchara &lt;em&gt;(el poder) en el, por ahora, último cambio de política.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000339463&amp;amp;page=2&amp;amp;search=%22entreg%C3%B3%20la%20cuchara%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Siglo futuro.&lt;/a&gt; 21/6/1916, n.º 2.876, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos ejemplos están sacados de la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. No he podido encontrar ningún caso ni en el CORDE ni en el CREA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T07:21:24.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T11:15:11.410" Score="7" ViewCount="2358" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día vi a mi hijo durmiendo en la cama destapado, panza arriba, con los brazos y las piernas estirados cada uno en una dirección, y pensé que estaba durmiendo a pierna suelta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al buscar la expresión en el diccionario, encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SxJ7E4i#9qipr61&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a pierna suelta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Sin preocupación, tranquilamente. &lt;em&gt;Dormir a pierna suelta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que la imagen mental que me produce la expresión difiere de la expuesta. Mi hijo suele dormir todas las noches sin preocupaciones y tranquilamente, pero cuando lo veo durmiendo de lado o boca abajo no pienso que esté durmiendo a pierna suelta. Para mí es algo más postural que otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que mi interpretación de la expresión no sea la correcta, por lo que me gustaría preguntar: ¿cuándo consideráis vosotros que alguien está durmiendo &quot;a pierna suelta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como preguntas añadidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa &quot;a pierna suelta&quot; con otro verbo que no sea &quot;dormir&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo se originó la expresión, cuyo precursor en el diccionario de Covarrubias es &quot;dormir a pierna tendida&quot; (y con el significado de &quot;con descuido&quot;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:09:23.767" Title="Origen y significado de &quot;dormir a pierna suelta&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22333" CreationDate="2017-09-15T11:27:50.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo fuentes, pero siempre he interpretado que la expresión viene del estado de relajación en que entran los músculos del cuerpo cuando alguien está profundamente dormido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien duerme a pierna suelta, puedes literalmente coger su pierna, alzarla un poco y soltarla de nuevo; y ésta caerá sin que el durmiente haga nada por evitarlo, porque la tiene relajada, suelta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando el sueño es poco profundo, o intranquilo, o un duermevela, si hiciésemos eso mismo la pierna ofrecería resistencia a ser alzada, o bien el durmiente la apartaría o movería (suponiendo, claro, que no se despierte y ya está).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T11:27:50.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22333" CreationDate="2017-09-15T11:51:52.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo como @walen, tenía mi teoría bastante similar. Cuando uno duerme profundamente tiene los músculos relajados y a veces una  pierna o un brazo cuelgan de la cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por internet he encontrado una &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-dormir-a-pierna-suelta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;teoría&lt;/a&gt; que dice que viene del mundo carcelario: antiguamente era costumbre que los presos llevaran grilletes y en ocasiones, como premio por buena conducta, se les permitía dormir sin los grilletes, con lo que descansaban mucho mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la expresión original, como dice @CarlosAlejo, es &lt;em&gt;dormir a pierna tendida&lt;/em&gt; ya no funciona tan bien esa historia de los presos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre si se usa con otros verbos yo no lo he escuchado nunca pero se pueden encontrar textos con &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;roncar/jugar/reirse/vivir/correr&lt;/strong&gt; a pierna suelta&lt;/em&gt;. No parecen muy comunes de todas formas salvo quizá &lt;em&gt;roncar a pierna suelta&lt;/em&gt; ya que el significado es el mismo que con &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T12:09:23.767" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:09:23.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22308" CreationDate="2017-09-15T13:42:48.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;334 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Recuerdas tus seis años? Con tu hermano os colasteis en un edificio vacío por una ventana del sótano, para jugar a médicos. Te la enseñó, pero tú no: te acobardaste y huiste, ¿recuerdas? ¿Lo explicaste? ¿A tu madre, a Tyrell, a alguien? ¿Recuerdas la araña viviendo fuera de tu ventana, cuerpo naranja, patas verdes? En verano la viste tejer una red. Allí un huevo grande apareció, nació... y sus cientos de arañitas se la comieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preveo un uso intenso de adjetivos extraídos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20863/1674&quot;&gt;Translation-golf VI: Sandkings by George R. R. Martin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T13:42:48.043" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-15T13:42:48.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28839" CreationDate="2017-09-15T13:54:05.200" Score="7" ViewCount="3820" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer le estaba dando de comer a una hija cuando le fui a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Va, cómete lo que hay en este tenedor y ya estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente lo que come es sopa, por lo que digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Va, cómete esta &lt;strong&gt;cucharada&lt;/strong&gt; y ya estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esta vez eran judías verdes y lo comía con tenedor. Me quedé pensativo y me di cuenta de que no, no se me ocurría ninguna palabra para designar la porción que cabe en un tenedor, a diferencia de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BXXaLSO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cucharada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que es &lt;em&gt;Porción que cabe en una cuchara&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que a Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/fundeu/status/4580285530243072&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;le preguntaron en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.twitlonger.com/show/70k341&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;respondió&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RT @4Colors: Hola! Dudo: cuchara = cucharada. Tenedor = ¿tenedorada o también cucharada? / Buena pregunta. «Cucharada» es la porción que cabe en una cuchara, según el Diccionario; de ahí la expresión: «Tomar una cucharada» es 'tomar la porción que cabe en una cuchara'. Con un tenedor parece que no existe; puede ser debido a que con el tenedor se pincha y el tamaño de la porción puede variar. Un saludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así y todo, ¿se os ocurre algún término, ya sea en España o en Hispanoamérica, que pueda usarse para designar este concepto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-10-02T15:25:08.507" Title="Si en una cuchara tenemos cucharadas, ¿qué tenemos en un tenedor?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22339" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22341" CreationDate="2017-09-16T00:06:59.820" Score="8" ViewCount="1366" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;you're welcome&quot;; but a literal meaning of it is &quot;of nothing&quot; or &quot;think nothing of it.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is there a way of saying the same thing in a way that informs the listener that it was MORE than &quot;nothing&quot; (maybe even an imposition, something above and beyond the &quot;call of duty&quot;), while still being polite or gracious about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13945" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T10:16:49.273" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:52:06.990" Title="Non-literal &quot;de nada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22339" CreationDate="2017-09-16T08:16:43.917" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O9XNjAe#7o0unzp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a mandar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. interj. U. para declararse dispuesto a cumplir los deseos de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when someone tells me to help him/her with something and they thank me for that, I can reply &quot;a mandar&quot; to express something like &quot;I'm here for whatever your orders are&quot;. That does not carry the implication that you have done nothing, just that you declare yourself ready for commands. I'm afraid it does not carry the sense of &quot;it was a challenge&quot; either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that I think of it, you can also answer a &quot;gracias&quot; with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando quiera (quieras)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus you avoid saying &quot;de nada&quot; and so you imply that what you did was really something, but also you say that he/she is welcome to ask you a favour &lt;em&gt;any other time&lt;/em&gt;. Maybe it's the closest to &quot;you're welcome&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally you can also answer with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un placer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you also avoid saying that what you did was nothing, just that what you did was a pleasure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T04:31:41.893" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T04:31:41.893" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22308" CreationDate="2017-09-16T08:51:14.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;326 305 273&lt;/strike&gt; 251 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Recuerdas a los seis?: una casa vacía, un sotano con ventana, entrar con tu hermano, jugar a médicos. Él la sacó, tu turno: miedo y huir; ¿Le dijiste a mamá, Tyrell, alguien? ¿Y la araña naranja de patas verdes fuera de tu ventana? La viste tejer su red todo el verano, un día un gran huevo se abrió con cien arañas... y se la jalaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto parece complicado de reducir, pongo lo que tengo y veré si mas adelante puedo mejorarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T15:34:03.170" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-16T08:51:14.613" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22339" CreationDate="2017-09-16T09:58:32.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a way of informing the listener that it was MORE than &quot;nothing,&quot; maybe even an imposition, something above and beyond the &quot;call of duty&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the expression you're looking for is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¡De nada, &lt;strong&gt;me debes una!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Literally: &quot;It's ok, you owe me one&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While kind of informal, it is polite enough for most contexts.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is better not to leave the &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; out, because that might be seen as rude, and pass a negative connotation onto the &lt;em&gt;&quot;me debes una&quot;&lt;/em&gt; part.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When said as above, it doesn't necessarily mean that you actually &lt;em&gt;expect&lt;/em&gt; the other person to repay the favor; just that this was a moderate effort on your part, that it was not &quot;nothing&quot; --as there wouldn't be anything to &quot;owe&quot; if it was &quot;nothing&quot;--, and that you want your listener to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if it was really an imposition, you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; leave the &lt;em&gt;&quot;de nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  out and say &lt;em&gt;&quot;me debes una&quot;&lt;/em&gt; with a straight face. Your listener &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; know that what you did for them was way beyond of what you'd usually do for anybody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T09:58:32.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22308" CreationDate="2017-09-16T18:58:40.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;del&gt;248&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;238&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;234&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;235&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;218&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;210&lt;/del&gt; 190 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No prometo que sea ni español, tampoco bueno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No pasaste por la ventana del sótano vacío con tu hermano jugando a &quot;médicos&quot; a los 6? Él la sacó; ¿tú? Huiste. ¿Callaste? ¿Con mamá, Tyrell? ¿Y la &lt;em&gt;Nigma walckenaeri&lt;/em&gt; tras tu ventana que comieron las mil del huevo en su red que viste tejer el estío?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La pregunta negativa necesita verificación de que la otra persona recuerda -&gt; puede substituirse a recordar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si es posible &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=defenestrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;defenestrar&lt;/a&gt;, tiene que ser posible hacer el inverso, enfenestrar. (reemplazando el 'de' por 'en')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La cuantidad de arañitas no fue exacta, puedo remplazar cientos con mil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué otra cosa puede nacer del huevo de una araña sino arañitas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un sótano tiene que partenecer a un edificio y lo importante del edificio vacío es que nadie hubiera molestado a los dos niños. Si digo que el sótano era vacío y cuento el tipo de cosas que han heco dentro de el, es claro que no había nadie cerca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buscar el lugar para jugar es una parte del juego.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;detrás de -&gt; tras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hacerse comer -&gt; comer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;niñas nacidas -&gt; las mil nacidas (había olvidado la cuantidad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el te la mostró el la sacó&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cambié la estructura: las preguntas del texto de origen son más o menos retóricas: pueden ser reemplazadas como así.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si me prohíben mi pobre 'enfenestrarse', &lt;del&gt;tengo que robar el 'pativerde' (y en la versión en Fines es mejor: es posible aglutinar palabras en Fines: ikkunantausviherjalkahämähäkki describe la araña pativerdonaranja tras la ventana)&lt;/del&gt; o no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;del&gt;Según la RAE, 'luna' puede querer decir 'cristal' en algunos casos. Si un hispanohablante verdadero podría decirme si es o no uno de esos casos, sería muy majo. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NhwJXco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NhwJXco&lt;/a&gt; (la definición siete)&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 5:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Viendo la video comprendo que las preguntas no eran retóricas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 6:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;seis -&gt; 6&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tú no -&gt; ¿Tú? Admito que lo robé, pero también puede ser muy difícil sacar el 'lo' para una niña. Edit: Aquí quiero mantenerlo; mejora el texto realmente y lo hubiera hecho yo mismo.&#xA;-&gt; Quito la palabra 'nacidas': si vienes de un huevo, has nacido de él. También hace que 'las mil' devienen arañas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 7:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambos saben de qué sótano hablan -&gt; del sótano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 8:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Nigma walckenaeri&lt;/em&gt; es una araña naranja con patas verdes.  Es una de las relativemente poco comunas especies que tejen y además vive en arbustes como lo dice el texto de origen en la película. Es también muy común y vive en jardines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hay algun Finohablante aquí, le invito a mejorar este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ryömithän veljinesi kuuden vanhana tyhjän kellarin ikkunasta tohtorileikkiin? Hän näytti; pakenit vuorollasi. Kerroitko äidille? Tyrellille? Kellekään? Entä munasta kuoriutuneen poikasmassan syömä oranssi ikkunantausviherjalkahämähäkki, jonka kesäverkonrakennusta katselit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;285&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;250&lt;/del&gt; 240 caracteres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me da risa el hecho que en Finés tenga &lt;del&gt;59&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;27&lt;/del&gt; 26 palabras; no intento minimizar esa medida, pero es menos que ninguna versión en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="17605" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T11:31:33.540" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:31:33.540" CommentCount="29" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-16T18:58:40.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22339" CreationDate="2017-09-16T20:53:05.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;«De nada», «por nada», «no es nada», «no hay por qué darlas» o «no hay por qué», «no tiene importancia», «las que tú tienes», «¡olvídalo!», etc., are all courtesy formulas to say to the listener that is not in debt with you, no matter if your help was tell him the exact time, lend him a lot of money or save his life in a dangerous situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that  «ha sido un placer» or «a mandar» is less explicit in this sense, but mainly send the same message (that listener is not in debt with you). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are not courtesy formulas when help is really not for free.  If you say «me debes una» can sound well-mannered or rude according to the tone of voice and the context, but it mean what it says, it is not a polite expression. For me. the expressions «ya me devolverás el favor» or «hoy por tí, mañana por mí» sound much better because the connotations that you grant a longer term to pay the favour, but anyway they are all just warnings that the favor should be checked in the debit list ... and you expect some correspondence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T06:52:06.990" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:52:06.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22326" CreationDate="2017-09-17T01:06:00.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en lo que conozco de español en Colombia, y lo que he leído y oído en varios medios de Hispanoamérica, es la primera vez que leo la frase. No la tenía referenciada y al hacer la tarea por la forma &quot;fácil&quot; (buscar la frase en google, en sitios alojados en Colombia) no aparece tampoco. Sin embargo, en yahoo answers aparece &lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080227065554AA1YysH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; y un usuario que dice ser de España menciona no haberla oído. No creo ser la autoridad sobre el tema, pero no la calificaría como parte del español neutral&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T01:06:00.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22308" CreationDate="2017-09-17T01:58:39.590" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;299&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;292&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;288&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;275&lt;/strike&gt; 246 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Recordás, a tus seis años? Ibas con tu hermano a una obra vacía por la ventana del sótano, a jugar al médico. Se peló y huiste apenada; ¿recordás? ¿nadie sabe? ¿tu amá, Tyrell, nadie? ¿O la araña ocre, pativerde de afuera de tu ventana? hizo una red en el estío, un día puso un huevote, nacieron muchas arañitas y fue comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos letra a letra, verbo a verbo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siendo pasado, creo que puede usarse el imperfecto (ibas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso el O como remplazo del último &lt;em&gt;Remember&lt;/em&gt; (como un O inclusivo de la lógica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La araña termina siendo comida por las recien nacidas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T03:37:26.643" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T03:37:26.643" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-17T01:58:39.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22348" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22350" CreationDate="2017-09-17T04:57:07.457" Score="2" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen different words used in Spanish expressing the meaning of &quot;be, to be&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El océano &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; azul. (The ocean is blue)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; enojada. (I am angry)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Fue&lt;/strong&gt; por la lluvia que me mojé. (It was because of the rain that I got wet)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; pimientos en la nevera. (There are peppers in the refrigerator)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En invierno &lt;strong&gt;hace&lt;/strong&gt; frío. (It's cold in winter)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; 20 años. (I'm 20 years old)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused because in English there's only one word &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt;, while there's extra words for the same meaning and with the same(?) usage. Is there any rules for choice or do I pick one at random/preference? More importantly, what's the usage of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Treating the title as an exception, please don't post an answer full of Spanish or I'll have trouble understanding it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T01:51:54.240" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T01:51:54.240" Title="¿Cuándo debo usar cuál? Ser, estar, ir, haber, hacer, tener" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-09-17T18:57:15.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22348" CreationDate="2017-09-17T06:11:09.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is a confusing one. I hope a native can explain this better. There is also a third verb translated as to be. Roughly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be located&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be in a mood&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be in a state (eg. dead or alive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To seem, to evoke feeling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haber&lt;/em&gt; in the forms &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is / are&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If not otherwise specified, use &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the verbs you quoted don't mean &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; in their general sense but can be translated as &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; in the specific contexts you gave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To do&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To make&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, the verbs &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; have the same preterite. In the example you gave, &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt; is an inflection of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T06:36:42.347" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:36:42.347" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22348" CreationDate="2017-09-17T17:28:23.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;&quot; can only be done with the verbs &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, depending on context. In some of your examples it was not translated into any of those two, but in others like &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. The reason is we are not actually doing a literal translation in such cases, but giving a different sentence that expresses the same idea but from another point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at your examples one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El océano &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; azul. (The ocean is blue)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are describing how the ocean is in terms of color. It is its natural color. If the sea had a different one in a specific point of time, like when he is almost black due to oil spilled on it, you could say &quot;&lt;em&gt;el mar &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; negro&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and not &quot;&lt;em&gt;el mar &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; negro&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, because it is not always black.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; enojada. (I am angry)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She uses the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and not the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because she is not angry all the time, only in a limited period of time. It is a mood that could change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you tell a woman &quot;&lt;em&gt;eres linda&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, that means she's generally cute (&lt;em&gt;linda&lt;/em&gt;). On the other hand, if you say &quot;&lt;em&gt;estás linda&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, it means that she is cute at that moment, and if you consider her always cute, &quot;&lt;em&gt;estás linda&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means that at that moment she is more than normal, perhaps because of the way she is dressed, the make-up, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fue&lt;/strong&gt; por la lluvia que me mojé. (It was because of the rain that I got wet) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By your comments I see that you already realized it. The word &quot;&lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is in this case conjugation of the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and not of the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, so there is nothing strange about the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; pimientos en la nevera. (There are peppers in the refrigerator)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;&lt;em&gt;there is&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;there are&lt;/em&gt;&quot; are translated into &quot;&lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in indicative mode, and into &quot;&lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in subjunctive, which are conjugated forms of the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. If we did a literal translation, we should write them as &quot;&lt;em&gt;allí está&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;allí están&lt;/em&gt;&quot; respectively. But in Spanish we express those ideas with the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En invierno &lt;strong&gt;hace&lt;/strong&gt; frío. (It's cold in winter)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the English example you use the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because you are describing how the climate is. In the Spanish one you use the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because you are referring to the effect that the climate makes or produces on an individual. We could also say: &quot;&lt;em&gt;El clima &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; frío en invierno&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Here the confusion is due to what I mentioned at the beginning: sometimes, in the different languages, we express the same ideas in different senses, and the same thing happens in the following example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; 20 años. (I'm 20 years old)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the used verb is &quot;&lt;em&gt;tener = to have&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because we say how many years we accumulated. I's like if we had those years, our existence owns them. The way to ask the age would be literally translated into English as &quot;&lt;em&gt;How many years do you have?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let me put another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy&lt;/strong&gt; en el parque. (I'm at the park)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we cannot use the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. The distinction here is no longer due to the period of time, but to that when I mean the place where I am, I must use the verb &quot;&lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Estar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; refers to being located.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13062" LastEditorUserId="13062" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T18:21:40.267" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T18:21:40.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2017-09-17T19:19:46.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Iberian Peninsula was not arabized, but islamized.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people in Spain were Romance speakers, it did not matter if they were Muslims or Christians.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The Arabs in Spain were an elite class, like the Arabs in Iran today.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there was influence in the vocabulary, by adding new words to this Romance dialects spoken in the Peninsula; even the Muslims used to write their Romance language in arabic alphabet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain was not arabized at all. Had Catholic kingdoms not won the war, a big portion of Spain would be a Romance-speaking country with a majority of Muslim people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17676" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T07:53:14.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T07:53:14.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-09-17T22:03:53.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en Argentina decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varonera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Machona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Masculina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marimacho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T09:42:54.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22360" CreationDate="2017-09-18T00:26:18.080" Score="2" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say, &amp;quot;the man embarrasses us.&amp;quot;  Which is correct and is there a subtle difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre nos &lt;strong&gt;avergüenza&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hombre nos &lt;strong&gt;pone colorados&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15148" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T02:05:07.010" Title="Difference between &quot;avergonzar&quot; and &quot;poner colorados&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22354" CreationDate="2017-09-18T02:57:38.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Bryan, It's better the sentence &lt;em&gt;El hombre nos avergüenza&lt;/em&gt;, also you could use &lt;em&gt;El hombre nos hizo quedar mal&lt;/em&gt;. The problem when you say &lt;em&gt;El hombre nos pone colorados&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;colorado&lt;/em&gt; is red so you don't know Why are you red?... You could be red cause the man was the Sauna controller and put the max heat and everybody go out red, or because give you an allergic product and put everybody red or the obvious reason, cause he embarrasses you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T02:57:38.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-09-18T07:06:29.010" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Aragón es habitual la palabra &lt;em&gt;chicazo&lt;/em&gt; con este sentido: una niña a la que gustan cosas, o tiene actitudes, consideradas tradicionalmente propias de niños. No es una palabra peyorativa, se puede usar perfectamente incluso con un matiz positivo. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija Elena es un chicazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que a Elena, por ejemplo, le gusta jugar al fútbol y la ropa sin puntillas ni lacitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo de pequeña era un poco chicazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que cuando era pequeña me gustaba jugar con los chicos, correr, tirarme por el suelo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente, no entro en si hoy día consideraríamos correcto o no decir que determinados comportamientos son propios de un sexo u otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T07:06:29.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22358" CreationDate="2017-09-18T07:46:01.260" Score="4" ViewCount="3283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ya tenemos en el sitio una pregunta sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8382/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Haber&amp;quot; vs &amp;quot;A ver&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, en esa pregunta la diferencia se explica de forma académica, usando tecnicismos que pueden importarle poco al ciudadano medio. El caso es que la diferencia entre estas dos expresiones es nula en el habla, y por tanto es muy fácil confundirlas, y muchas veces me encuentro cuando intento explicar la diferencia que el mensaje no llega, tal vez debido a que o bien uso tecnicismos (como pasa con la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE) o a que no encuentro buenos ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál podría ser un ejemplo sencillo, o una explicación que use términos muy sencillos, que explique la diferencia entre &quot;haber&quot; y &quot;a ver&quot;, y que alguien que no sienta el más mínimo interés por los entresijos de la lengua pueda entender para conocer dicha diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea sería dar una regla sencilla, o algún ejemplo muy sencillo. Se me ocurre como ejemplo el caso de &quot;aparte&quot; y &quot;a parte&quot;, para el que yo siempre explico que si se puede poner &quot;una&quot; (o &quot;ninguna&quot;) entre &quot;a&quot; y &quot;parte&quot;, se escribe separado, si no se escribe junto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T22:00:33.037" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T05:42:03.627" Title="¿Cómo explicar de forma sencilla la diferencia entre &quot;a ver&quot; y &quot;haber&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22357" CreationDate="2017-09-18T08:07:25.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si lo puedes cambiar por &quot;existir&quot;, es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no, es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a ver&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;{A ver ~ Haber}&lt;/em&gt; si nos vemos -&gt; &lt;strike&gt;&lt;em&gt;Existir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strike&gt; si nos vemos -&gt; &lt;em&gt;{&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ver&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;~ &lt;strike&gt;Haber&lt;/strike&gt;}&lt;/em&gt; si nos vemos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene que &lt;em&gt;{a ver ~ haber}&lt;/em&gt; un motivo -&gt; Tiene que &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt; un motivo -&gt; Tiene que _{&lt;strike&gt;a ver&lt;/strike&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;}_ un motivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto de &quot;opciones&quot;: &lt;em&gt;aver&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haver&lt;/em&gt;... son incorrectas siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;PD: Si eres medievalista y estás explicando un texto del s. XIII, &lt;em&gt;podría&lt;/em&gt; ser &quot;ha ver&quot;, pero lo normal es que no.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T08:29:38.863" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T08:29:38.863" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22357" CreationDate="2017-09-18T08:35:55.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar otra alternativa: los casos en los que se suele generar la confusión son aquellos en los que la palabra va al principio de frase. En estos casos se puede aplicar una sencilla norma: se escribe &quot;a ver&quot; salvo cuando va seguido de un participio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ver&lt;/strong&gt; si lo logramos entre todos. &lt;sub&gt;(No hay participio.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Haber&lt;/strong&gt; venido antes. &lt;sub&gt;(Hay participio.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el resto de los casos en los que pueda haber confusión, se puede aplicar &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22358/12637&quot;&gt;la regla de @walen&lt;/a&gt; (como en esta misma frase: &quot;haber&quot; equivale a &quot;existir&quot;). Hay casos en los que no aplicaría, como en &quot;¿debería haber llegado ya?&quot;, que son cuando el verbo &quot;haber&quot; actúa como auxiliar y no como verbo principal. En este caso se aplicaría el mismo razonamiento del participio mencionado anteriormente. También se puede observar que si es &quot;a ver&quot; suele ir precedido del verbo &quot;ir&quot; (o se puede añadir previamente el verbo &quot;ir&quot; si no lo lleva) o alguno equivalente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ver&lt;/strong&gt; si nos vemos = &lt;strong&gt;Vamos a ver&lt;/strong&gt; si nos vemos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ayer &lt;strong&gt;fueron a ver&lt;/strong&gt; una película.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi hermano &lt;strong&gt;se pasó a ver&lt;/strong&gt; a la abuela. &lt;sub&gt;(En este caso &quot;pasarse&quot; equivale a &quot;ir&quot;.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T10:26:52.210" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T10:26:52.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22354" CreationDate="2017-09-18T10:44:42.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is one of register and tone. &lt;em&gt;Avergonzarse&lt;/em&gt; is just a common verb without any special connotations and a meaning that should be understood by Spanish speakers everywhere in all suitable contexts. Related phrases exist: &lt;em&gt;sentir vergüenza (por/de)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dar vergüenza&lt;/em&gt;, etc.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hombre nos da vergüenza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sentimos vergüenza por el hombre.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sentimos vergüenza del hombre.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hombre nos produce vergüenza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ponerse colorado&lt;/em&gt; is an idiomatic phrase which literally means &quot;to turn red&quot;, and while it too should be understood fairly universally (even if you translate it literally!), it's still an idiom and a metaphor, and to some it might sound too informal or a bit childish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T11:42:46.577" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T11:42:46.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21225" CreationDate="2017-09-18T14:26:11.977" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible que tenga que ver con el verbo latino &lt;strong&gt;sopio&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sopio#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sōpiō&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;present infinitive&lt;/em&gt; sōpīre, &lt;em&gt;perfect active&lt;/em&gt; sōpīvī, &lt;em&gt;supine&lt;/em&gt; sōpītum); &lt;em&gt;fourth conjugation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I deprive of feeling.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I lull to sleep, put to sleep.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que en su segunda acepción significa &quot;poner a dormir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto lo vi de por casualidad aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ettimologiia.blogspot.com.es/2009/03/la-pesadilla.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;referencia a sopitos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meli&lt;/strong&gt;: sabes de dónde viene &quot;sopor&quot;, soporífero, etc?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Almudena&lt;/strong&gt;: pues no, pero una vez nos dio por esa palabrita y era todo el tiempo &quot;qué sopor!&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. sopor, -ōris).&#xA;1. m. Adormecimiento, somnolencia.&#xA;2. m. Med. Modorra morbosa persistente.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meli&lt;/strong&gt;: y ... mira, no sé yo lo de quedarse sopa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero en latín &lt;em&gt;sopitos&lt;/em&gt; significa dormidos  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17681" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T14:39:14.867" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T14:39:14.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22679" CreationDate="2017-09-18T14:32:40.977" Score="4" ViewCount="114580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el reportaje &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/internacional/Caracas-hace-falta-descanso-emocional_0_673332708.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Caracas le hace falta un descanso emocional&lt;/a&gt; sobre la capital de Venezuela me topé con este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Franklin, de 48 años, es el vocalista de Arrecho, una banda que adoptó como nombre la que es, si cabe, &lt;strong&gt;la más venezolana de las palabras. Una que sirve –arrecho- para recorrer ambos extremos de ese arco emocional que vive un país en el que una mitad está muy enfadada y la otra bastante satisfecha con lo sucedido los últimos años&lt;/strong&gt;. Ahora, su banda cumple seis años sobre los escenarios y tocaba por primera vez sin enchufar, con cuatro guitarras acústicas, un bajo y percusión. &quot;Mi intención, hoy, hacer música y no participar de la marea en la que se ahoga un país de términos secuestrados e histerismo, que se está dejando de lado todo lo que no sea política. &quot;Necesitamos recuperar espacios de calma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto es algo enrevesado, pero básicamente nos está diciendo que arrecho sirve tanto para definir cosas buenas como cosas malas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el Diccionario de americanismos me encuentro con un montón de definiciones. Quitando las que no mencionan a Venezuela sigo encontrando muchas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=arrecho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrecho, -a.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  adj. Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, RD, Co; Ve, vulg; Ec, juv. Referido a persona, valiente, animosa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ho, ES:E, Ni, CR, Co:NE; Ve, vulg; Ch, p.u. Referido a persona, que está de mal genio, furiosa. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, Ve. Referido a persona, muy trabajadora.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5.  CR; Ve, vulg. Referido a persona, que aprovecha las circunstancias para actuar en beneficio propio. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;III.  1.  adj. Ni, Pa; Ve, vulg. Referido a cosa, hecho o situación, ardua, muy difícil de hacer. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IV.   1.  adj. Ve. Muy vehemente, intenso y vivo. vulg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;V.    1.  adj. Ve. Referido a cosa, espectacular, sorprendente. vulg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, pues, me parece que la parte de &lt;em&gt;laborioso&lt;/em&gt; tendría su simil con el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16948/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;juicioso&lt;/em&gt; de Colombia&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, las otras acepciones abren tal abanico de posibilidades que estoy convencido de que me sería difícil determinar su acepción si la oyera al azar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿cuál es el uso común de &lt;em&gt;arrecho&lt;/em&gt; en Venezuela? ¿Existen distintas acepciones en función de la zona, el registro u otras variables? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T13:38:46.993" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;arrecho&quot; en Venezuela?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2017-09-18T15:06:30.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; es un termino &lt;strong&gt;callejero&lt;/strong&gt;, mayoritariamente usada por ñeros (nacos === México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chimba&lt;/em&gt; define algo como &quot;buenísimo&quot;, grande, amplio, fantástico, impresionante, etc. Define como algo &lt;strong&gt;apreciable&lt;/strong&gt;. Aunque claro, añadiendo sarcasmo es todo lo contrario: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pues, tan chimba, ¿no?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es un término muy, pero muy diferente de &quot;chimbo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última define como algo de muy mala calidad, o una porquería. Sucede que en otros paises se confunde &quot;chimbo&quot; con &quot;chimba&quot; solo porque &lt;em&gt;no hay diferencia ampliamente notoria en la palabra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del contexto en el que se use, porque &lt;em&gt;&quot;qué chimba&quot;&lt;/em&gt; puede ser o &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; sarcástico. Es fácilmente notable cuando &lt;strong&gt;estás hablando personalmente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;uff, ¡qué chimba este celular!&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con ello puedo indicar que &lt;strong&gt;me gusta&lt;/strong&gt; el celular, o que &lt;strong&gt;simplemente estoy burlándome del mismo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tono de voz define el sarcasmo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente esta terminología está empezando a ser rechazada por la sociedad, en especial estratos igual o mayores a 3, poca gente de estratos 1 y 2 nota esto algo muy grosero e irrespetuoso. (Nota: los estratos en Colombia se refieren a la estratificación socioeconómica, siendo el 1 el más bajo y 6 el más alto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta clase de palabras tienen muchísimo uso entre amigos, o conocidos muy importantes, es algo muy normal. Teniendo en cuenta el anterior párrafo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos artistas como &lt;strong&gt;Juanes&lt;/strong&gt; siempre destacan el lenguaje de Colombia y las variedades del mismo. Por estilo de demostrar cómo se habla en Colombia es aceptable, de lo contrario podría no ser así. Como algunos dicen, habla y con ello defines quién eres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13409" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T19:26:56.310" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T19:26:56.310" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2017-09-18T15:12:52.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Por ejemplo, en Colombia respecto a &lt;strong&gt;Chimbo&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Chimba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia, &lt;em&gt;chimba&lt;/em&gt; es un termino &lt;strong&gt;callejero&lt;/strong&gt;, mayoritariamente usada por ñeros (nacos === México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chimba&lt;/em&gt; define a algo como &quot;buenísimo&quot;, grande, amplio, fantastico, impresionante, etc. Define como algo &lt;strong&gt;apreciable&lt;/strong&gt;. Aunque claro, añadiendo sarcásmo es todo lo contrario: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pues, tan chimba no?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es un término muy, pero muy diferente de &quot;Chimbo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta última define como algo de muy mala calidad, o una porquería. Sucede que en otros paises se confunde &quot;chimbo&quot; con &quot;chimba&quot; sólo porque &lt;em&gt;no hay diferencia ampliamente notoria en la palabra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del contexto en el que se use, porque &lt;em&gt;&quot;Qué chimba&quot;&lt;/em&gt; puede ser o &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; sarcástico. Es fácilmente notable cuando &lt;strong&gt;estás hablando personalmente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;uff, qué chimba éste celular!&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con ello puedo indicar que &lt;strong&gt;me gusta&lt;/strong&gt; el celular, o que &lt;strong&gt;simplemente estoy burlandome del mismo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tono de voz define el sarcasmo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente ésta terminología está empezando a ser rechazada por la sociedad, en especial estratos igual o mayores a 3, poca gente de estratos 1, y 2 nota ésto algo muy grosero e irrespetuoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta clase de palabras tienen muchísimo uso entre amigos, o conocidos muy importantes, es algo muy normal. Teniendo en cuenta el anterior párrafo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos artistas como &lt;strong&gt;Juanes&lt;/strong&gt; siempre destacan el lenguaje de Colombia y las variedades del mismo. Por estilo de demostrar cómo se habla en Colombia es aceptable, de lo contrario podría no ser así. Como algunos dicen, hábla y con ello defines quién eres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cabe destacar que éstas palabras aplican para todo, objetos,&#xA;animales, persona y/o cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13409" LastEditorUserId="13409" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T15:37:56.137" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T15:37:56.137" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-09-18T17:20:35.970" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo añado a la extensiva lista que tenemos ya la menos oída &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bsG0DSu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;virago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;virago&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. virāgo, -ĭnis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mujer varonil.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy probable que tengas que explicar el significado de esta palabra a tu audiencia. Por otro lado, al ser usada de forma menos frecuente no creo que tenga asociadas algunas de las connotaciones negativas (tipo, &quot;ser poco femenina&quot;, &quot;ser demasiado X&quot; ) que tienen algunos de los otros términos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, que esta palabra en inglés tiene un amplio rango de significados (que no recoge la entrada del DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a woman of great stature, strength, and courage (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/virago&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;merriam-webster&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesante esa asociación tamaño-estatura (a menos que aquí &lt;em&gt;stature&lt;/em&gt; se refiera a &lt;em&gt;importancia&lt;/em&gt;, que no creo) y fuerza (no aclara si física o de carácter) y coraje. Esta definición me hace pensar por ejemplo en el personaje de &quot;Brienne of Tarth&quot; de Juego de Tronos, juzgada más por su apariencia y tamaño que por su habilidad y valor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A virago is a woman who demonstrates exemplary and heroic qualities.(&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virago&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada cita a Juana de Arco, aunque la imagen del artículo enlazado a mi me hizo pensar en personajes del cómic como Wonder Woman. Interesante que el artículo explica &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;virago&lt;/em&gt; has almost always had an association with cultural &lt;strong&gt;gender transgression&lt;/strong&gt;.[...] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;virago&lt;/em&gt; could also be used disparagingly, to imply that a virago was not excellent or heroic, but was &lt;strong&gt;instead violating cultural norms&lt;/strong&gt;. Thus &lt;em&gt;virago&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;joined pejoratives such as termagant, mannish, amazonian and shrew to demean women who acted aggressively or like men&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que enfatiza las muchas connotaciones negativas que tienen estos términos por referirse a las féminas más por salirse del rol que les establece la sociedad que por sus actos o los logros/consecuencias de los mismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de paso (segunda posibilidad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2GzauN2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;amazona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mujer de apariencia o carácter fuerte y combativo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque de nuevo apariencia y carácter van unidos en la definición, no veo connotaciones negativas (tipo &lt;em&gt;demasiado grande/alta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;demasiado agresiva&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo de nuevo a &lt;em&gt;virago&lt;/em&gt; (o sus definiciones en otros medios)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a loud-voiced, ill-tempered, scolding woman; shrew.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Archaic. a woman of strength or spirit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/virago&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que destaca de nuevo el contraste entre las connotaciones peyorativas que puede tener el término en cuando a referirse a mujeres de carácter &lt;em&gt;excesivamente&lt;/em&gt; violento o malo y una mujer de gran fuerza de carácter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &lt;code&gt;amazona&lt;/code&gt; no se adapta del todo bien (y aparte tiene otras acepciones más usadas, como &quot;mujer que monta a caballo&quot;) y &lt;code&gt;virago&lt;/code&gt; es un término un poco oscuro, pero por lo menos en español parecen carecer de las connotaciones negativas que tienen algunos de los otros términos usados más frecuentemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T17:20:35.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22369" CreationDate="2017-09-18T19:14:10.497" Score="8" ViewCount="1483" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace algún tiempo me sorprendió encontrar la palabra &lt;em&gt;sinsorgo&lt;/em&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XzT2erQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; pero aún me extrañó más los lugares donde se usa (según el diccionario):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del vasco &lt;em&gt;zenzurgue.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. &lt;em&gt;Ál., Mur.&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Vizc&lt;/em&gt;. Dicho de una persona: Insustancial y de poca formalidad. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Araba y Bizkaia, hasta aquí todo normal ya que es una palabra que viene del euskera pero sorprendentemente también aparece Murcia, un lugar en la otra punta de la península. ¿Realmente se usa allí? ¿Cómo llegó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología tampoco la veo muy clara, no se muy bien de donde sacan la palabra &lt;em&gt;zenzurgue&lt;/em&gt; pero ese es otro tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2020-05-27T12:19:32.520" Title="¿Se utiliza o conoce la palabra &quot;sinsorgo&quot; en Murcia?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23324" CreationDate="2017-09-18T19:26:35.443" Score="1" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been reading about the differences between the two tenses. It is my understanding that &lt;em&gt;Indefinido&lt;/em&gt; is generally for finished things in specified past, while &lt;em&gt;Imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; may describe spans of time that might or might not be terminated, or for frequent events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as I spoke with a (non-native but proficient) speaker of Spanish, they interpreted these sentences differently than I'd expect them to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conocí la canción. – I still don't know it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conocía la canción. – I know it now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess would be the opposite. How to interpret that difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17249" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:35:55.383" Title="How to interpret these sentences in Pretérito indefinido &amp; Pretérito imperfecto?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22367" CreationDate="2017-09-18T22:09:35.357" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo primero, comentar que conozco a mucha gente de Murcia, y a pesar de ello no he escuchado nunca tal palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google &lt;code&gt;sinsorgo murcia&lt;/code&gt; lo único que se encuentra, al menos entre las tres primeras páginas de resultados -que ya es decir-, son mensajes en foros y entradas de &lt;em&gt;blog&lt;/em&gt; de gente que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; es de la Región (esto se comprueba fácilmente mediante lo que dicen en otros mensajes o entradas) y que, en muchos casos, se limitan a repetir lo que dice el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los únicos dos resultados que ofrecen algo de interés, son dos coincidencias de (cómo no) Google Books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=yYkoCwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA142&amp;amp;dq=sinsorgo%20murcia&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA142#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=sinsorgo%20murcia&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Léxico de la Región Prebética: límites del lenguaje andaluz y murciano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Alejandro Faustino Idáñez de Aguilar, ed. Editum. Ediciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2015), encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinsorgo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;persona insustancial y de poca formalidad&quot; que localiza en Álava, Vizcaya y Murcia. (...) en Murcia Alberto Sevilla recoge &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinsorga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;persona indiferente, apática, insustancial&quot; &lt;em&gt;(VM)&lt;/em&gt;. García Soriano registra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinsorgo/ga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;dícese de la persona insustancial y de poca formalidad&quot; &lt;em&gt;(VDM)&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;sinsato&lt;/em&gt; &quot;insensato, paralizado&quot; &lt;em&gt;(DPNT)&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sonsano&lt;/em&gt; &quot;ignorante o de poca lucidez&quot; &lt;em&gt;(VNA)&lt;/em&gt; y las variantes &lt;em&gt;sonsanico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sonsarrón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;soscarra&lt;/em&gt; &quot;torpe o bobo&quot; en la zona de Segura y Yeste, y también &lt;em&gt;soscarrón&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;soscarra(d)o&lt;/em&gt;. En la zona de Caravaca &lt;em&gt;sonso/sa&lt;/em&gt; &quot;zonzo, soso, tonto fingido para conseguir su propósito&quot; &lt;em&gt;(VDM)&lt;/em&gt; y las variantes &lt;em&gt;sonsano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sónsolo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hace referencia a &lt;em&gt;sinsorga&lt;/em&gt;, en femenino, y enumera una serie de palabras relacionadas. Algunas de estas sí que las he oído alguna vez; concretamente: &lt;em&gt;sonsarrón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sonso/sa&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sónsolis&lt;/em&gt; (que no está recogida, pero entiendo que es variación de &lt;em&gt;sónsolo&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=pwgWAwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA172&amp;amp;ots=J0mDCStwyw&amp;amp;dq=sinsorga%20murcia&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA172#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=sinsorga%20murcia&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vocabulario murciano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (Alberto Sevilla, 1919) es más directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sinsorga.&lt;/strong&gt; Mujer indiferente, apática, insustancial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Sevilla fue, entre otras cosas, un escritor y periodista murciano que publicó &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regmurcia.com/docs/murgetana/N077/N077_001.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varios libros [PDF]&lt;/a&gt; a principios del s. XX.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Y, por no dejar fuera a la otra fuente mencionada, si buscamos directamente en Google Books podemos encontrar &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=rSRKAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;dq=vocabulario%20murcia%20soriano&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=sinsorgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vocabulario del dialecto murciano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (Justo García Soriano, 1932), donde efectivamente se puede leer también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sinsorgo, ga.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Dícese de la persona insubstancial y de poca formalidad. (Us. t. en Vizc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se recoge tanto en masculino como en femenino, y ya se indica su uso común con Vizcaya.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/murcia/2017/06/17/tiricia-cascarujas-palabros/838387.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otros recopilatorios&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.descubriendomurcia.com/diccionario-murciano/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocabulario murciano&lt;/a&gt;, algo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.saberespractico.com/curiosidades/diccionario-murciano-espanol-por-orden-alfabetico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;menos académicos&lt;/a&gt;, no aparece la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante las evidencias anteriores, no queda sino aceptar que &lt;em&gt;en algún momento&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;sinsorgo/a&lt;/strong&gt; ha sido vocablo del habla murciana, aún cuando su uso hoy en día sea mínimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre cómo llegó la palabra desde aquellos lares a estos... Es casi imposible saberlo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En CORDE hay muy pocos resultados: un libreto de 1926 ambientado en algún lugar del País Vasco, una obra de autor vasco, y una mención en otra obra de Pío Baroja: &lt;em&gt;&quot;(...) sinsorgo, como dicen en Bilbao.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El CREA es menos generoso aún, arrojando un único resultado procedente de una obra de teatro de Antonio Gala ambientada &quot;en un pueblo de la España rural&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=sinsorga&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Csinsorga%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Csinsorga%3B%2Cc1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google NGRAM&lt;/a&gt; no muestra ningún resultado en absoluto anterior a los dos diccionarios murcianos de 1919 y 1932 (ni posterior, de hecho, hasta 1960).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que la palabra no es solo que hoy día sea prácticamente desconocida, es que hace casi un siglo tampoco la usaba casi nadie. Por tanto, complicado saber cómo pasó una palabra de un sitio a otro, sin fuentes sobre las que se pueda trazar su historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:57:25.240" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:57:25.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22357" CreationDate="2017-09-18T23:37:02.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre el ejemplo cuando explico las diferencias entre &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;hay, ahí y ay&amp;quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso si la persona no tiene mucho interés como dices le diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A ver:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería cuando me decís: -&lt;em&gt;¡Qué lindo esto!&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¿Ya viste esa chica?.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces te respondería: &lt;em&gt;-A ver muéstrame...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Haber:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería cuando me preguntás: -&lt;em&gt;¿Habrá pan en casa?.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y yo respondo: &lt;em&gt;-Supongo que ha de haber.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entonces le daría una conclusión por ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces &lt;strong&gt;a ver&lt;/strong&gt; es de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;ver con la vista&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Haber&lt;/strong&gt; es de si &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;hay o no algo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T05:42:03.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22372" CreationDate="2017-09-19T03:12:22.433" Score="6" ViewCount="11984" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;bocadillo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;globo&lt;/strong&gt; se define como el elemento de la viñeta de un cómic (o tebeo) o caricatura que contiene las intervenciones de los personajes. Durante años los dibujantes de cómics han ideado decenas de diversos métodos para representar las conversaciones o incluso los pensamientos de sus personajes en un medio visual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VDoXX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VDoXX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;globos o bocadillos&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://spiramirabilis.cl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://spiramirabilis.cl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma predominante es la del óvalo, por lo que entiendo que al elemento gráfico se le llame &amp;quot;globo&amp;quot;. Haciendo un poco de investigación, resulta que los antepasados de los &amp;quot;globos&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;bocadillos&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tienen su antecedente en las filacterias (del griego «philakterion», ‘amuleto’), término que designaba a unas cintas que utilizaban los hebreos y que contenían textos de las Sagradas Escrituras, y posteriormente a las bandas incluidas en la pintura cristiana occidental que contenían textos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globo_(historieta)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante los caricaturistas desarrollaron el moderno &amp;quot;globo&amp;quot; con un contenido (el mensaje) y un continente (la forma exterior o silueta que presenta el &lt;em&gt;bocadillo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE recoge esta acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5iV6kp0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bocadillo&lt;/a&gt; en la cuarta entrada del diccionario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En grabados, dibujos, caricaturas, chistes gráficos, tebeos, etc., espacio circundado por una línea en el que se contienen las palabras o pensamientos de un personaje.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero para mí es completamente contraintuitivo este nombre (aunque lo haya usado por décadas sin reparar en ello). De hecho, recuerdo haberlo explicado alguna vez a alguien que esos óvalos con los diálogos de los personajes se llamaban &amp;quot;globos&amp;quot; (nadie protestaba por ello) o &amp;quot;bocadillos&amp;quot; (y la gente ponía cara rara). Así que estoy intentando encontrar la razón por la que este tipo de rotulación se le llama &amp;quot;bocadillo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se le llama &amp;quot;bocadillo&amp;quot; a los elementos de la viñeta con los diálogos o pensamientos de los personajes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T07:22:05.080" Title="¿Por qué se le llama &quot;bocadillo&quot; a los elementos de la viñeta con los diálogos de los personajes?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22371" CreationDate="2017-09-19T07:22:05.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La cosa queda más clara si nos fijamos en la última acepción de &lt;em&gt;bocadillo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5iV6kp0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bocadillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Teatro. Intervención muy breve de un actor en una obra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, si en mitad de una conversación un actor interviene de forma rápida y breve, a esa acción se le denominaba &quot;bocadillo&quot;, claro símil a la comida breve que se introduce entre dos principales. Véase un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era también Frasquito un excelente aficionado al arte escénico, y representó en distintos teatros caseros papeles principales en Flor de un día y La trenza de sus cabellos. Aún recordaba parlamento y bocadillos de ambas obras, que repetía con énfasis declamatorio, y que Obdulia oía con arrobamiento, arrasados los ojos en lágrimas, dicho sea con frase de la época.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Misericordia&quot;, 1897 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los diálogos en los cómics son muy similares a los de una obra de teatro, por lo que no es raro que en algún momento se aplicara el mismo sentido de &quot;bocadillo&quot; a los diálogos de los personajes en aquellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T07:22:05.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22290" CreationDate="2017-09-19T13:04:00.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pongo en una respuesta aparte lo que me ha comentado la RAE al respecto. Os muestro primero la carta que les envié, y luego su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En nuestro sitio de preguntas y respuestas sobre el idioma español&#xA;  estamos debatiendo sobre el uso de la palabra &quot;condescender&quot; con&#xA;  sentido negativo o peyorativo, dado que (según el DLE), la palabra&#xA;  significa:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Acomodarse por bondad al gusto y voluntad de alguien.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En dicha definición&#xA;  no aparece ningún sentido negativo, dado que se habla de hacer algo&#xA;  &quot;con bondad&quot;. Buscando en el DPD, nos encontramos con que la palabra&#xA;  pasa a tener tres acepciones diferentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;acomodarse voluntariamente a los deseos de otro&quot; (la del DLE),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;rebajarse a hacer algo que se considera indigno o humillante&quot;, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&quot;ser condescendiente o tolerante con algo&quot;.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La primera pregunta que nos hacemos es: ¿a qué se debe esta discrepancia entre la&#xA;  definición del DLE y las ofrecidas por el DPD? ¿No deberían estar&#xA;  todas estas recogidas en el primero?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una segunda pregunta que nos&#xA;  hemos hecho tiene que ver con la primera definición del DPD (que se&#xA;  asemeja a la recogida en el DLE), en la que se alude a que el&#xA;  acomodamiento se hace &quot;voluntariamente&quot;, mientras que uno de los&#xA;  ejemplos con que se ilustra dicha acepción es:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;«Se ve obligado a&#xA;    condescender con el gusto del enfermo o a perder la casa»   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos&#xA;  extrañó porque cuando a uno se le obliga a hacer algo, no lo hace&#xA;  &quot;voluntariamente&quot; precisamente. Lo que nos lleva a preguntarnos si en&#xA;  esa definición no sobraría la parte de &quot;voluntariamente&quot; (en el DPD) y&#xA;  la de &quot;con bondad&quot; (en el DLE).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y por fin, la tercera duda (y la que&#xA;  da sentido a la pregunta enlazada en nuestro sitio) que nos planteamos&#xA;  es si la palabra está cogiendo en español el mismo sentido que tiene&#xA;  en inglés, por el que la palabra adquiere un sentido negativo al&#xA;  implicar que el &quot;condescendido&quot; se siente ofendido al ser tratado como&#xA;  a un inferior, o si ese matiz se podía ya inferir de los significados&#xA;  que ya tenía. ¿Se podría inferir este sentimiento a partir de las&#xA;  acepciones indicadas por el DPD?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En relación con su consulta, nos complace remitirle la siguiente información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En primer lugar debemos indicar que las obras académicas que menciona estudian los términos que incluyen desde diferente&#xA;  perspectiva y están realizadas con distintos criterios. Por otra&#xA;  parte, es importante entender que las obras lexicográficas tratan de&#xA;  describir lo que se documenta en el uso y, por tanto, dependen de la&#xA;  documentación que hay tenido en cuenta el lexicógrafo y de su propia&#xA;  interpretación. El DLE no pretende ser un repertorio cerrado y&#xA;  exhaustivo de usos correctos, sino que más bien trata de reflejar usos&#xA;  documentados, según el criterio que se haya establecido para cada&#xA;  edición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, el DPD reúne voces que presentan algún tipo de dificultad y atiende, en el caso de los verbos, de modo especial a su&#xA;  construcción. Los artículos del DPD son pequeñas monografías y a&#xA;  menudo incluyen acepciones o matices pertinentes para el estudio del&#xA;  funcionamiento de un término determinado que el DLE aún no ha&#xA;  incorporado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su segunda pregunta, en efecto, en esa acepción, condescender supone en principio un acto voluntario, aunque alguien&#xA;  puede sentirse forzado por las circunstancias a condescender con&#xA;  alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finalmente, en efecto, el matiz que menciona, un tanto despectivo, se ha difundido bastante en español y, de hecho, hay ya&#xA;  una propuesta para su incorporación al DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante el hecho de que el DPD se considere como una sucesión de pequeñas monografías que ahondan en cada palabra estudiada, y que por tanto profundiza en los matices de las mismas y puede llegar a tener más contenido que el DLE. Pero más interesantes son las respuestas a las dos últimas preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por una parte, la RAE insiste en el hecho de que &quot;condescender&quot;, tal y como está definida ahora, supone un acto voluntario aunque dicho acto se pueda ver forzado en ocasiones. Me sigue pareciendo algo contradictorio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y por otra, lo más interesante: &lt;strong&gt;hay una propuesta para incluir la acepción despectiva de &quot;condescender&quot; en el DLE&lt;/strong&gt;. Así que solo es cuestión de tiempo que el uso de &quot;condescender&quot; que mencionas sea recogido por la RAE que, recordemos, lo único que hace es atestiguar los usos que se le dan a las palabras. Somos los que usamos dichas palabras quienes le damos sentido a las mismas al hacerlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y para finalizar, se puede decir que sí, que el uso propuesto de &quot;condescender&quot; es correcto, dado que la RAE ya se ha planteado la incorporación de dicha acepción a su diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T13:50:52.153" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T13:50:52.153" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22378" CreationDate="2017-09-19T14:09:40.943" Score="4" ViewCount="713" Body="&lt;p&gt;A día de hoy, el DLE recoge el término &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7jSjnZM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;charta&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;χάρτης chártēs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Papel escrito, y ordinariamente cerrado, que una persona envía a otra para comunicarse con ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el término &lt;em&gt;correo electrónico&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AyfHjz9#CyTr9dP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correo electrónico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sistema de transmisión de mensajes por computadora a través de redes informáticas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Información transmitida a través de correo electrónico. &lt;em&gt;Ha recibido un correo electrónico del periódico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la idea que yo tengo en mente sobre lo que es una &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt; no es la del papel escrito y cerrado, sino la del texto escrito en la propia carta. Es decir, pongo el foco en el mensaje y no en el medio en el que se transmite. Es por eso que a veces uso la palabra &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt; cuando en realidad quiero decir &lt;em&gt;correo electrónico&lt;/em&gt;, resultando en conversaciones &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22290/es-correcto-usar-condescender-para-hablar-de-tratar-a-alguien-con-superiorida#comment35664_22373&quot;&gt;como esta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo:    Os muestro primero la carta que les envié, y luego su respuesta. [...]  &#xA;walen: Cuando dices &quot;carta&quot;... ¿te refieres a una en papel?  &#xA;Yo:    Me refiero a un e-mail, por supuesto.  &#xA;walen: Ok ok [...] al decir carta te he imaginado escribiendo con estilográfica y membrete.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo su confusión, por supuesto. El caso es que no sé si el uso que yo le doy a &quot;carta&quot; como &quot;correo electrónico&quot; es cosa mía: no sé si en realidad debería usar &quot;correo&quot; (simplemente y como forma apocopada de &quot;correo electrónico&quot;) o si este uso de &quot;carta&quot; puede ser algo que se esté empezando a usar de forma (más o menos) generalizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues: ¿Se usa &quot;carta&quot; para referirse a un &quot;correo electrónico&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T14:33:35.853" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T12:59:53.777" Title="¿Se usa &quot;carta&quot; para referirse a un &quot;correo electrónico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22380" CreationDate="2017-09-20T01:33:21.117" Score="8" ViewCount="10071" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer caí en la cuenta de que nunca me había preguntado realmente qué significa &quot;ser un membrillo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo, por ejemplo, que en la letra de &lt;em&gt;Entre dos tierras&lt;/em&gt;, de Héroes del Silencio, dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjalo ya, &lt;strong&gt;no seas membrillo&lt;/strong&gt; y permite pasar y si te piensas echar atrás, tienes mucho barro que tragar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también recuerdo a un personaje de dibujos de mi juventud (ha llovido mucho ya) llamado Chicho Terremoto que usaba la expresión a menudo, como una forma de insulto suave hacia otros personajes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no recoge en la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OrTXSq6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;membrillo&lt;/a&gt; ninguna acepción que no sea la relativa a la fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es entonces &quot;ser un &lt;strong&gt;membrillo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T07:18:03.350" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T01:20:44.550" Title="¿Qué es &quot;ser un membrillo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22374" CreationDate="2017-09-20T01:48:35.577" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me atrevería a decir que no. De las definiciones de la pregunta se infiere que &quot;carta&quot; se usa para algo físico. Yo creo que nos hemos acostumbrado a ello con el uso de anglicismos como &quot;email&quot; y similares y &quot;sobrecargando&quot; el significado otros términos como &quot;mensaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso mi padre, que de ven en cuando pide ayuda para redactarlos se refiere a ellos como &quot;emails&quot; o &quot;notas&quot; a lo sumo. Si me dijese que me ha mandado una &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt;, pensaría que me ha mandado una carta por correo ordinario. Igual que si me dijera que me ha mandado un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=91Imr9p&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;christmas&lt;/a&gt; (si lo dijese mi madre que se defiende un poco más, ya habría algo de ambigüedad sobre el medio en que la ha enviado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, al existir tan diversas tecnologías, la gente tiene a veces a ser precisa con la tecnología usada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Viste lo de &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt; de Luis? Yo nada más leerlo le puse un &lt;em&gt;whatsapp&lt;/em&gt; a Paco. A Mario le puse también un mensaje, porque no tiene &lt;em&gt;Whatsapp&lt;/em&gt;, y le dije que lo leyera cuando pudiese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que deja &quot;carta&quot; con el sentido tradicional de &quot;papel (físico) que se envía a otros por correo ordinario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T01:48:35.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22354" CreationDate="2017-09-20T02:05:07.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't imagine that a stranger's behavior would cause embarrassment.  The feeling of embarrassment would more likely come from something that a friend, relative or colleague might do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's consider an example context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My son tends to ask people how old they are.  I realize that he's too young to know better, but still, that question embarrasses me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'd express that use of &quot;embarrass&quot; in Mexico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means &lt;em&gt;I feel embarrassed [about an action]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T02:05:07.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22377" CreationDate="2017-09-20T07:03:31.950" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para este tipo de búsquedas es cuando viene bien el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero General&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE. Rebuscando entre sus fichas se encuentran muchas veces definiciones de palabras que no han llegado al DLE por el motivo que fuere (ya sea que es una palabra de la que no hay registros escritos -se usa solo en la expresión oral-, ya sea que es una palabra demasiado regional, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso podemos encontrar las siguientes definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Persona tonta, necia, insulsa. [Ribera, Pamplona]. (Fichas &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MEMBRILLO/00001055.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MEMBRILLO/00001102.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;61&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enfado, mal humor, gesto avinagrado. (Ficha &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MEMBRILLO/00001154.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;113&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ser uno agrio como membrillo verde. (Ficha &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MEMBRILLO/00001156.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;115&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilizado como insulto, con el sentido de tonto, bobo. (Ficha &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_M/LETRA_M_PDF/MEMBRILLO/00001183.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;142&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo dejo aquí ya, que creo que la idea la hemos cogido. El primer caso, usado al parecer en la región de Navarra, me hace gracia dado que en el doblaje de Chicho Terremoto recuerdo un momento en el que este personaje dice que va a ver a su abuela &quot;que vive en Pamplona&quot; (pedazo de traducción que hicieron en España). Y la banda de Héroes del Silencio es de Zaragoza, que está justo debajo de Navarra, y es muy posible que la palabra en los años 80 ya se hubiera extendido a las regiones de los alrededores (la ficha 61, por ejemplo, data de 1952, mientras que la canción que mencionas es de 1990).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto concuerda con lo que yo siempre había entendido que era &quot;ser un membrillo&quot; (tanto en la canción como en la serie): &lt;strong&gt;ser un tonto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T07:03:31.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22382" CreationDate="2017-09-20T08:13:11.950" Score="8" ViewCount="3458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo la entrevista &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elsaltodiario.com/cup/aprecio-de-espana-mas-cosas-de-las-que-combato-el-adversario-es-el-estado#&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;David Fernández: “Aprecio de España más cosas de las que combato. El adversario es el Estado”&lt;/a&gt; cuando me encontré con este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay que perder el sentido del humor ni en los momentos más grises, si a mí me dicen hace años que un president iba a &lt;strong&gt;trolear&lt;/strong&gt; al Gobierno del Estado por Twitter, no me lo creería, lo digo con respecto a lo de la página web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo que se refiere esta persona es a que el presidente del Gobierno de Cataluña (&lt;em&gt;president&lt;/em&gt;, en catalán) &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/krls/status/908027118264647682&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;explicó en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; cómo esquivar la prohibición del gobierno de España de acceder a una página web (indicó otra con el mismo contenido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; parece venir de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=alNfPu5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del noruego &lt;em&gt;troll&lt;/em&gt; 'ser sobrenatural'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. En la mitología escandinava, monstruo maligno que habita en bosques o grutas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero en el ámbito de internet y en inglés parece que ha ido creciendo su uso, cogiendo bastantes significados: molestar (ser un troll en un foro es reventarlo), insultar... o vacilar, como sería este caso. Por no hablar de cuando se dice que alguien &lt;em&gt;es un trol&lt;/em&gt; para decir que es feo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me doy cuenta de hecho que hay otras noticias con los mismos protagonistas en que la palabra &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; está presente, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20161020/carles-puigdemont-trolea-mariano-rajoy-5577016&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Puigdemont &lt;em&gt;trolea&lt;/em&gt; a Rajoy&lt;/a&gt;, por lo que esta palabra, que parecería puro coloquialismo, está tomando peso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto entonces: ¿es correcto usar &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; en castellano? Si no lo es, ¿qué otras palabras castizas podríamos utilizar para decir lo mismo? ¿Se usa en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T11:35:17.000" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;trolear&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22381" CreationDate="2017-09-20T08:41:14.700" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde la versión 23.4 del DLE (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/noticia/la-actualizacion-234-del-diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola-incorporara-2557-novedades-en-su&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publicada en noviembre de 2020&lt;/a&gt;), esta acepción ya aparece:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/trolear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trolear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Del ingl. to troll y -ear.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. tr. En foros de internet y redes sociales, publicar mensajes provocativos, ofensivos o fuera de lugar con el fin de boicotear algo o a alguien, o entorpecer la conversación. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que recordar siempre que la RAE no es juez, sino notaria del lenguaje, y que las palabras tienen el significado que nosotros queramos darle. Tú mismo propones que &amp;quot;trolear&amp;quot; significa &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot;, pero ¿qué significa &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el NTLLE, en el siglo XVIII tenía tres significados: &amp;quot;moverse indeterminadamente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;dudar, titubear&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar poco firme alguna cosa&amp;quot;. Más de 200 años más tarde, en 1992 significaba lo mismo. Seguía sin tener esa acepción de &amp;quot;engañar, burlarse de alguien&amp;quot;. Y un buen día la gente decidió que se le podía dar ese significado, empezó a usarla así, y en 2001 la palabra &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot; se encontró con una nueva acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bEjxKUN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vacilar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;vacillāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Engañar, tomar el pelo, burlarse o reírse de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ciertamente, no he encontrado en el CORDE ningún caso de &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot; con este sentido, y solo uno en el CREA (registrado como &amp;quot;oral&amp;quot;, de 1996: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Sí, anda, iros a vacilar a vuestro puñetero padre, anda.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;). ¿Se consideraría que &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot; es una palabra &lt;em&gt;castiza&lt;/em&gt; del español, válida para sustituir a &amp;quot;trolear&amp;quot;? Igual sí, pero no hay que perder de vista que esa acepción hasta hace nada era un neologismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, por responder a tu pregunta, creo que las palabras que propones son acertadas (&amp;quot;molestar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;insultar&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot;), aunque en la definición de &amp;quot;vacilar&amp;quot; encontramos expresiones aún más tradicionales: &amp;quot;burlarse&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;reírse de alguien&amp;quot;, o incluso &amp;quot;tomar el pelo&amp;quot;. El titular, pues, podría haber sido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puigdemont &lt;strong&gt;le toma el pelo&lt;/strong&gt; a Rajoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y tal vez habría tenido más corrección lingüística. En todo caso hay que tener en cuenta que los periódicos son un buen medio para la expansión de estos neologismos, y que además necesitan conectar con la gente joven para poder seguir teniendo lectores, luego tienen que adaptarse a los cambios en las formas de expresarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/910449952626761728&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;He preguntado a la RAE&lt;/a&gt; si están estudiando añadir al DLE &amp;quot;trolear&amp;quot; con el significado de &amp;quot;burlarse, tomar el pelo&amp;quot;. El caso es que alguien preguntó ya algo parecido pero con el significado de &amp;quot;hostigar&amp;quot; (más propio de los troles de Internet), y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/887664911345700864&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE respondió&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Troleo» y «trolear» no figuran aún en el DLE, pero son derivados correctos de «trol».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el uso de &amp;quot;aún&amp;quot;, que puede indicar que igual ya se lo están pensando. &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/910479743459495936&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La respuesta que me han dado&lt;/a&gt; a mí es similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No está aún en el DLE, pero se usa como 'intervenir en las redes sociales para estorbar y molestar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me cuadra mucho con los usos que se le dan hoy día, llegando al ámbito del mundo real (fuera de las redes sociales), y con un significado que vira más bien hacia &amp;quot;burlarse&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;quedarse con alguien&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;dar una lección a alguien&amp;quot;, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.antena3.com/noticias/deportes/virales/troleo-definitivo-padre-hijo-recorre-estados-unidos-diciendole-hijo-que-estudie_2017032858da802f0cf2f510fd860e13.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este titular&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El 'troleo' definitivo de un padre a su hijo: recorre los pabellones de la NBA diciéndole que estudie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/910486923394912256&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;respondí a la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, indagando un poco más sobre este tema, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/910488769341607936&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me admitieron que&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El argot de las redes sociales está, en general, extendiéndose fuera de esos límites, con usos más o menos fig[urados].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y posteriormente me animaron a remitir a la RAE mis sugerencias al diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la última pregunta, no sé si se usa en Hispanoamérica con este significado, pero comentar que la palabra existe con otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=trolear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trolear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Ho. En el ejército, castigar a alguien con ejercicios&#xA;físicos extenuantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. CR. Realizar un paseo o recorrido largo a pie. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Ho. En los deportes, derrotar con contundencia al oponente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el CORDE me aparece una frase en un texto mexicano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se trata de un viejo camaronero de esas flotas pesqueras que proceden del Norte. Y el cual mientras troleaba pesadamente en los bajos de una barra cercana, empezó a sentir que las carenas se le agrietaban con el esfuerzo y se puso a hacer agua desde la tajamar al codaste, por toda la sentina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ramón Rubín, &amp;quot;Los Rezagados&amp;quot;, 1991 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de cuál es el significado en esta frase, aunque tras ponerme @mdewey en la pista veo que se refiere a una técnica de pesca de arrastre llamada &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca_al_curric%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pesca al curricán&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;pesca a la cacea&amp;quot;​ o &amp;quot;trolling&amp;quot;, dado que el sujeto de la frase es un barco que está realizando esta actividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/trolear-troleo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Fundeu tiene su propio artículo&lt;/a&gt; sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt;, de la cual de partida dice que es correcta escrita así, con una &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;. En el artículo se expone lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sustantivo &lt;em&gt;trol&lt;/em&gt; [...] ha dado lugar&#xA;a las formas derivadas &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;troleo&lt;/em&gt;, empleadas en un principio en&#xA;internet para referirse a la acción y al efecto de intervenir en un&#xA;foro digital con el objetivo de generar polémica, ofender y provocar&#xA;de modo malintencionado a los demás usuarios [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de este primer uso, estas voces han ido extendiendo su&#xA;significado, de modo que se aplican a múltiples contextos, no siempre&#xA;digitales, con la idea sobre todo de ‘intervenir con ánimo de hacer&#xA;fracasar algo’. Con este sentido, &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; puede alternar con otros&#xA;verbos como &lt;em&gt;reventar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;boicotear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;provocar&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se documentan usos con significados próximos como ‘molestar,&#xA;cansar o enfadar’ y, especialmente, ‘tomar el pelo, vacilar o gastar&#xA;una broma, por lo general pesada’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, efectivamente, confirma su expansión hacia el mundo real (fuera de internet) y su cambio de significado. Posteriormente, recuerda (como ya hemos visto) que &lt;em&gt;trolear&lt;/em&gt; tiene significados diferentes en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumiendo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es correcta? Sí. Siempre que tu mensaje se entienda por tus lectores, es correcta. Que esté o no en el DLE es irrelevante: si no lo está lo estará con el tiempo si se sigue usando. El lenguaje lo creamos nosotros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Alternativas? Según el sentido que le quieras dar: &lt;em&gt;vacilar, burlarse, tomar el pelo, molestar&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa en Hispanoamérica? Sí, pero no con el mismo sentido que en España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-11-24T11:35:17.000" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T11:35:17.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T10:20:29.353" Score="4" ViewCount="1182" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunos casos he leído u oído frases que usan el verbo &lt;em&gt;explicar&lt;/em&gt; en el mismo sentido en el que se usa &lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Explícame una historia, y así me dormiré.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Va, explícanos un chiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso lo tengo yo asociado a un catalanismo. En el caso de la primera frase expuesta como ejemplo, se dice en la película &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104652/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Porco Rosso&lt;/a&gt;, que fue traducida para España por un estudio de Barcelona. Aunque entiendo que &quot;explicar&quot; es, a fin de cuentas, &quot;contar algo con detalle&quot; o &quot;de forma clara&quot;, las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HJbpHBZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explicar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no cuadran exactamente con lo que se quiere expresar en los ejemplos. El caso es que siempre me ha sonado muy raro este uso, sobre todo el ejemplo del chiste, ya que un chiste solo se explica después de contarlo y si alguien no lo entiende. Y siempre que he leído u oído frases así ha sido siempre por parte de un catalán o a través de una traducción hecha por un catalán. Así que quería preguntar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está este uso de &quot;explicar&quot; restringido a Cataluña o se usa en más sitios de España?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si efectivamente está restringido a Cataluña, ¿está influenciado por cómo se expresa la misma frase en catalán? ¿O es un modismo en español que se ha generado allí sin relación con el catalán?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:56:11.253" LastActivityDate="2020-09-27T16:20:41.933" Title="¿Es el uso de &quot;explicar&quot; como &quot;contar&quot; un catalanismo?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;catalán&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22374" CreationDate="2017-09-20T12:59:53.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trabajo en España, en un ámbito donde se usa mucho el correo electrónico y nunca he oído usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;carta&lt;/em&gt;. Entre mis compañeros y contactos profesionales se usa mucho &lt;em&gt;correo electrónico&lt;/em&gt; o, &lt;em&gt;correo&lt;/em&gt; a secas, siempre que desde el contexto quede claro que no se trata de una carta escrita en papel. Así mismo, se usa bastante el término &lt;em&gt;email&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mail&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo menos en mi entorno todas estas expresiones se usan de forma intercambiable, aunque se podría decir que &lt;em&gt;correo electrónico&lt;/em&gt; es la más formal de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17694" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T12:59:53.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22383" CreationDate="2017-09-20T14:45:57.933" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente nunca lo he escuchado y si me pidieses explicar una historia o un cuento, pensaría que tuvieses alguna duda de por qué algo ocurrió o de qué era la moraleja o mensaje que pretendía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí algunos datos para ver si podemos aclarar la fuente y el uso de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|    Catalán     |   conta un conte   |  explica un conte   |&#xA;|   Valenciano   |        2.080       |       21.900        |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|  Castellano    |  cuenta un cuento  |  explica un cuento  |&#xA;|    Español     |       237.000      |       26.000        |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|   Asturiano    |  cuenta un cuentu  |  esplica un cuentu  |&#xA;|                |         200        |          1          |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|   Portugués    |   conta um conto   |  explica um conto   |&#xA;|    Gallego     |       127.000      |          4          |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|    Francés     |  raconte un conte  |  explique un conte  |&#xA;|                |       401.000      |         8.600       |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;|    Italiano    | racconta una storia|  spiega una storia  |&#xA;|                |       401.000      |        17.000       |&#xA;+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi todos los resultados en castellano eran de España o hablaban de cosas publicadas en España (y sobre todo de editoriales en Cataluña, como se nota con el libro &lt;em&gt;40 animales explican un cuento&lt;/em&gt;), o eran resultados falsos (tipo &lt;em&gt;alguien explica, «un cuento…»&lt;/em&gt;).  La forma predominante en catalán/valenciano es con &lt;em&gt;explica&lt;/em&gt; y no con &lt;em&gt;conta&lt;/em&gt;.  Los únicos resultados en italiano parece que refieren a dar explicaciones o razonamientos debido al uso de &lt;em&gt;storia&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;racconta&lt;/em&gt; los resultados son 7 y 0 para &lt;em&gt;racconta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;spiega&lt;/em&gt;).  El único resultado en asturiano habla de un programa televisivo catalán, por lo que podría tratar de una interferencia (conozco personalmente el hombre que lo escribió, y habla catalán también).  Los resultados en francés son interesantes porque  muchos de los con &lt;em&gt;explique&lt;/em&gt; ¡eran de páginas en catalán!  Lo que de verdad me sorprende es la falta total de resultados en portugués y gallego con &lt;em&gt;explica&lt;/em&gt; (combiné los resultados porque las formas son idénticas), pero así fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, creo que podemos decir que, sea el uso que sea en castellano, vino más probablemente del catalán/valenciano. No sé bien determinar los usos dentro de España (¿tal vez con Twitter se podría buscar según localización?), pero imagino que los usos serían principalmente en Cataluña, Valencia y las Islas Baleares porque si no, yo habría escuchado la construcción y recordádola porque sigue sonándome muy extraña, la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T17:36:13.720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T17:36:13.720" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19450" CreationDate="2017-09-20T18:07:31.717" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la conjunción &quot;ca&quot; era muy versátil y podía asumir distintas funciones, lo que significaría su principal diferencia con &quot;porque&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se menciona en la fuente su frecuencia de uso en el Poema del Mio Cid es mucho mayor que la de &quot;porque&quot; (42,16% vs 8,52%). Dentro de las funciones que puede asumir &quot;ca&quot; se mencionan la función casual (como el caso de &quot;por&quot;, &quot;porque&quot;, &quot;puesto que&quot;), la completiva (como el caso de &quot;que&quot;, &quot;si&quot;) y la comparativa (caso similar a &quot;como&quot;, &quot;así como&quot;) y adversativa (como lo son &quot;pero&quot;, &quot;mas&quot;, &quot;aunque&quot;); teniendo incluso más funciones otras lenguas romances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum21/secciones/estudios-22-causales.htm%20secci%C3%B3n:%20III.1.2%20Desplazamientos%20del%20valor%20causal%20%20de%20ca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra fuente&lt;/a&gt; se le dan incluso otros significados, equivaliendo a veces a &quot;y&quot;, &quot;en verdad&quot; y &quot;por ello&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la pregunta de qué causó la desaparición de &quot;ca&quot; como conjunción, me adhiero a la opinión de @CarlosAlejo al pensar que se debió precisamente a su versatilidad. En la misma fuente citada se menciona algo, que si bien no es una respuesta literal a la pregunta, si podría ser tomada como una pista: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot; &lt;em&gt;...los pocos casos en que ca se emplea como suborninante, se deben probablemente a un proceso de atenuación o desgaste. El estudio diacrónico, no obstante, nos demostrará que la evolución es justamente en sentido contrario: el frecuente uso acabará debilitando su significado ordinario, pasando a introducir, no sólo coordinadas o explicativas casuales, sino también adversativas, copulativas, ilativas, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente adicional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=TAfEKZTp6RYC&amp;amp;dq=citar%20Las%20conjunciones%20de%20causa%20en%20castellano%20medieval:%20origen,%20evoluci%C3%B3n%20y%20otros%20usos&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las conjunciones de causa en castellano medieval: origen, evolución y otros usos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Manuel Mosteiro Louzao, 1999.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-01T16:38:37.277" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T16:38:37.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1153" CreationDate="2017-09-20T19:48:36.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several words that can work as a translation for &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goblin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Goblin&quot;&gt;Goblin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leprechaun&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Leprechaun&quot;&gt;Leprechaun&lt;/a&gt; (Personally I always think about this when I imagine a &lt;em&gt;duende&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gremlin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Gremlin&quot;&gt;Gremlin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They may not be an &quot;exact&quot; translation, as the folklore in each region is different and the characteristics of these mythological beings can vary slightly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second meaning, I found &quot;to have charm&quot; as a possible English translation &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.pons.com/traducci%C3%B3n?q=duende&amp;amp;l=enes&amp;amp;in=&amp;amp;lf=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;for &quot;tener duende&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T21:32:48.853" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T21:32:48.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22392" CreationDate="2017-09-21T01:36:31.967" Score="7" ViewCount="9235" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día apareció un nuevo usuario que tenía en la foto de perfil esta verdura, que parece el cruce entre una coliflor, un brócoli y un fractal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6YoCim.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6YoCim.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el nombre de esta verdura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T02:23:17.153" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T02:23:17.153" Title="¿Cuál es el nombre de esta verdura que parece el cruce entre una coliflor, un brócoli y un fractal?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22390" CreationDate="2017-09-21T01:56:52.817" Score="3" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de buscar un imagen de un logo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?biw=1600&amp;amp;bih=752&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;q=%C2%A1Feliz%20aniversario!%20logo&amp;amp;oq=%C2%A1Feliz%20aniversario!%20logo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Feliz Aniversario&quot; en Google&lt;/a&gt;, y muchas de las respuestas tienen un acento en la segunda 'a': &lt;em&gt;*aniversário&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2ieoSuF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;, no hay tal acento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just now searched for a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?biw=1600&amp;amp;bih=752&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;q=%C2%A1Feliz%20aniversario!%20logo&amp;amp;oq=%C2%A1Feliz%20aniversario!%20logo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Happy Anniversary&quot; logo image on Google&lt;/a&gt;, and most of the hits have an accent on the second 'a': &lt;em&gt;aniversário&lt;/em&gt;.  But, according to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2ieoSuF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE Spanish Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, there isn't such an accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T09:33:18.597" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T09:33:18.597" Title="¿Hay acento en &quot;aniversario&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22389" CreationDate="2017-09-21T02:10:26.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es, como ves en la entrada del DLE, &lt;strong&gt;sin acento&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aniversario&lt;/code&gt; es una palabra llana (a-ni-ver-&lt;strong&gt;sa&lt;/strong&gt;-rio). Las palabras llanas solo llevan tilde si &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; terminan en vocal, ni en &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;, ni en &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;. Dado que  &lt;code&gt;aniversario&lt;/code&gt; termina en vocal, con el diptongo &lt;code&gt;io&lt;/code&gt;, esta palabra no lleva tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué entonces en algunas de esas imágenes aparece con acento de la segunda &quot;a&quot; (&lt;em&gt;aniversário&lt;/em&gt;)? Pues porque es otro idioma, no español. En este caso creo que es &lt;strong&gt;portugés&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wordreference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ptes/anivers%C3%A1rio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aniversário&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Linguee: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-portugues/traduccion/feliz+aniversario.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aniversario-aniverário&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la &quot;magia&quot; del buscador de Google, los &quot;caracteres&quot; raros como vocales acentuadas o la &quot;ñ&quot; a veces son modificadas, filtradas o ignoradas en la búsqueda o los resultados (buscar &quot;Espana&quot; y &quot;España&quot; puede producir los mismos resultados por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T02:19:33.397" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T02:19:33.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22389" CreationDate="2017-09-21T02:15:29.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las respuestas con acento están en portugués. Google no diferencia palabras por sus acentos, entonces estás recibiendo resultados mixtos. No hay acento en &lt;code&gt;Feliz Aniversario&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T02:15:29.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22388" CreationDate="2017-09-21T02:18:38.723" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesco_(br%C3%A9col)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;romanesco&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;romicia&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea&lt;/em&gt;) es un híbrido de brécol (&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea var. italica&lt;/em&gt;) y coliflor (&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea var. botrytis&lt;/em&gt;) de la familia de las brasicáceas. El &lt;strong&gt;brécol romanesco&lt;/strong&gt; fue documentado inicialmente en Italia (como &lt;em&gt;Broccolo romanesco&lt;/em&gt;) en el siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zwf7Hm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zwf7Hm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T02:22:59.867" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T02:22:59.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T03:31:32.827" Score="6" ViewCount="40506" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una frase larga (cuatro líneas). Dentro de ella, tengo un &quot;es decir&quot;. ¿Es correcto que coloque punto y seguido antes de &quot;Es decir&quot;? De esta manera tendría oraciones más cortas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uno de los problemas más graves del proceso mencionado es la alta dimensionalidad del espacio de términos. Es decir, el conjunto de términos es muy grande, pero...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17700" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T06:23:29.930" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T00:46:13.757" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;es decir&quot; después de un punto y seguido?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21037" CreationDate="2017-09-21T06:40:51.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se puede decir &quot;Tuvimos un rollo anoche&quot; refieriéndose a un encuentro, no necesariamente sexual, entre dos personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este artículo se ve que, al menos en el título emplean el término &quot;rollo&quot; para referirse a un encuentro casual y sexual. No implica romanticismo de ningún tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elconfidencial.com/alma-corazon-vida/2016-01-27/por-que-las-mujeres-tienen-rollos-de-una-noche-y-en-que-casos_1142363/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.elconfidencial.com/alma-corazon-vida/2016-01-27/por-que-las-mujeres-tienen-rollos-de-una-noche-y-en-que-casos_1142363/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17681" LastEditorUserId="17681" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T10:24:36.870" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T10:24:36.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22393" CreationDate="2017-09-21T06:41:48.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, sí es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que indica el DPD en su artículo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, las comas son obligatorias tras la expresión, pero no antes. Antes son solo obligatorias si la expresión &lt;em&gt;es decir&lt;/em&gt; va en medio de la oración. Pero puede perfectamente ir al principio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2.11. &lt;strong&gt;Se escribe coma detrás de determinados enlaces como&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;esto es&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;es decir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a saber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pues bien&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ahora bien&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en primer lugar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por un/otro lado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por una/otra parte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en fin&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por último&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;además&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;con todo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en tal caso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sin embargo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;no obstante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por el contrario&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en cambio&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares, así como detrás de muchos adverbios o locuciones adverbiales que modifican a toda la oración y no solo a uno de sus elementos, como &lt;em&gt;efectivamente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;generalmente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;naturalmente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por regla general&lt;/em&gt;, etc.: &lt;em&gt;Por lo tanto, los que no tengan invitación no podrán entrar al recinto; no obstante, podrán seguir el acto a través de pantallas instaladas en el exterior. Naturalmente, los invitados deben vestir de etiqueta&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Si estas expresiones van en medio de la oración, se escriben entre comas&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Estas palabras son sinónimas, es decir, significan lo mismo; los antónimos, en cambio, tienen significados opuestos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE (textos desde los inicios del español hasta 1974) resultados de &lt;em&gt;Es decir&lt;/em&gt; (nótese que se pone la primera &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt; mayúscula, dado que la búsqueda distingue entre mayúsculas y minúsculas), se encuentran 2325 casos, y en el CREA (textos desde 1975 hasta 2004) se encuentran 8189 casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...y juntamente con esto la sazón del verano, que es tiempo fresco y apacible, y muy aparejado para tratar amores, y ansí dice, levántate. &lt;strong&gt;Es decir&lt;/strong&gt;, levántate, se entiende, que estaba acostada y mal dispuesta, y ansí dícele, que se esfuerce y se salga con él...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fray Luis de León, &amp;quot;Exposición del Cantar de los Cantares&amp;quot;, c 1561 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los expertos consideran que, ante esta situación, los precios de venta al público podrían aumentar en las próximas semanas entre dos y tres céntimos de euro más por litro, con lo que la subida del año podría situarse en el 8%. &lt;strong&gt;Es decir&lt;/strong&gt;, más del triple que la inflación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Voz de Galicia, 15/01/2004 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T06:44:57.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22523" CreationDate="2017-09-21T07:59:25.713" Score="5" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You saw her knit a scarf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La viste tejer una bufanda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Le viste tejer una bufanda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that both are correct, since the direct object of &quot;saw&quot; can be understood to be either &quot;her&quot; or &quot;the action of knitting a scarf&quot;. However &quot;la&quot; sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now put that into a subordinate clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grab the scarf that you saw her knit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible translations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agarra la bufanda que la viste tejer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Agarra la bufanda que le viste tejer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'd say that &quot;le&quot; is the way to go, to the point that using &quot;la&quot; feels wrong. Even when technically the role of each element in the sentence is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that? Are both correct? Am I guilty of &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the first example? Am I not identifying the direct and indirect objects correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I've got 2 answers (one deleted) saying that it is &lt;em&gt;laísmo&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;le&quot; should be used, and another two answers stating that it is not and &quot;la&quot; is correct. &lt;strong&gt;So which is it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to expand in the above examples, in a quest to get more complete answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fact 1: we can take &quot;her&quot; out of the sentence and the meaning would be more or less the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viste tejer una bufanda. Agarra la bufanda que viste tejer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, it is pretty clear that &quot;tejer una bufanda&quot; is the DO in the first sentence. So the question would be if introducing &quot;la&quot; &lt;em&gt;shifts&lt;/em&gt; the DO to &quot;her&quot;, whoever she is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fact 2: a common way of telling the DO from the IO is by switching to passive mode. And then we have that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viste tejer una bufanda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&gt; Tejer una bufanda fue visto por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La viste tejer una bufanda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&gt; ?? Ella tejer una bufanda fue visto por ti (DO = ella) ??&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -&gt; ?? Tejer una bufanda por ella fue visto por ti (DO = tejer) ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not really sure how that should be transformed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fact 3: if we switch to passive mode only the &quot;tejer&quot; part, then &quot;she&quot; can no longer be the DO, not even the IO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;La viste una bufanda ser tejida&lt;/s&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;s&gt;Le viste una bufanda ser tejida&lt;/s&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;s&gt;Viste a ella una bufanda ser tejida&lt;/s&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Viste una bufanda ser tejida &lt;em&gt;por ella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far the only thing I'm getting out of this, is that &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; cannot be the indirect object. She must be either the direct object, or some kind of &quot;authorship complement&quot;, if such a thing exists.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Would that mean that it is the use of &quot;le&quot; that is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T09:37:22.240" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:46:12.340" Title="&quot;le&quot; vs &quot;la&quot;: are both correct here?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22399" CreationDate="2017-09-21T08:28:37.167" Score="7" ViewCount="691" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yesterday, at a birthday party, somebody had wrapped their gift with paper from an old, different Christmas gift (recycling FTW!).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The thing is that the paper still had the name of the former recipient written on it, so when the birthday boy received his gift and read an unknown name aloud with a puzzled look, there was a brief moment of confusion, until the gifter explained what had happened.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the following dialogue ensued:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TITA 1: &quot;Tita 2&quot; tiene un montón de papel de regalo antiguo guardado, ¡creo que alguno todavía pone &lt;em&gt;&quot;Navidad 1320&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o algo así! ¡Jajaja!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TITA 2: No, del siglo catorce ya no me queda, lo gasté, voy ya por el siglo quince :D  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Todos ríen)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I was left wondering: &lt;strong&gt;was Navidad called &quot;Navidad&quot; in the 14th century in Spain?&lt;/strong&gt; Even today, most almanacs note the day as &quot;Natividad del Señor&quot;, not &quot;Navidad&quot;, so probably it wasn't.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So my question is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How has &lt;em&gt;Navidad&lt;/em&gt; been called through the centuries in Spanish?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And how did we end up with the current name?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T07:46:06.943" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T07:46:06.943" Title="What is the origin of &quot;Navidad&quot; as the name of the season? How was it called before?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22398" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:01:57.507" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first Spanish dictionary, the Nebrija's from 1495, already registers the term &lt;em&gt;Navidad&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;Natalis Christianus&lt;/em&gt;. So in the 15th century the term was already used. If you look up the term in the CORDE, we can also find texts from the 13th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ende, vos rogamos e mandamos que vos plega desta avenençia e que la reçibades e que la otorguedes e que fagades cartas partidas por a. b. c., seelladas de vuestros siellos, entre vos e la abadessa e el convento sobredichos por que esta avenença sea firme e estable por yamas; e depues que las ovierdes fechas, enviadenolas a ocho dias depues desta Navidad primera que agora verna e enviadenos rogar e pidir que pongamos nuestro siello en ellas; e se lo assi fezierdes, gradirvolo hemos mucho e faredes y cosa que nos mucho plazera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &amp;quot;Carta Real&amp;quot; [Documentos de Alfonso X dirigidos al Reino de León], 1259 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E mandamos que los cavalleros que tovieren las maiores casas pobladas con mugieres e con fijos, e los que no tovieren mugieres con la compaña que oviere, desde ocho días antes de Navidad fasta ocho días después de Cinquesma, e tovieren cavallos e armas, e el cavallo de treinta maravedís arriva, e escudo e lanza e loriga e brafaneras e perpentte e capiello de ferro e espada, que no peche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &amp;quot;Alfonso X concede franquicias y exenciones&amp;quot;, 1256 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no changes from the 13th century until today. I have also found some texts using the variant &lt;em&gt;Navidat&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et los fijosdalgo que fueremos moradores en nuestro heredamiento destos logares nombrados que a vos damos que cortemos en los montes destos logares sobredichos en las tres Pasquas del anno, cada uno dos cargas de lenna cada Pasqua; et las Pasquas son estas: Navidat e Pasqua de Resurrection e Cinquaesma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &amp;quot;Concordia&amp;quot; [Documentos de Alfonso X dirigidos a Castilla la Vieja], 1258 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word itself seems to have been in use even before, but as a common noun instead of as the name of the season:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alli era Zacharias sacerdoth, e veno a él el angel e nuncio la navidat de so fijo Sant Juan baptista.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Almerich, &amp;quot;La fazienda de Ultra Mar&amp;quot;, c1200 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot find references to &lt;em&gt;Navidad&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Natividad&lt;/em&gt; prior to that date, as texts referring to that event from the 12th century are written in Latin, so no clues about the origin of the term, other than what the DLE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;nativĭtas, -ātis&lt;/em&gt; 'nacimiento'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Corominas suggests an intermediate form &lt;em&gt;nadvidad&lt;/em&gt; happening in texts around 1200, but I have not found those texts. That would explain the origin from &lt;em&gt;nativitas&lt;/em&gt; by softening the two &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; sounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T08:05:08.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21037" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:22:53.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rollo&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra cuasicomodín, vale para un montón de cosas, es un poco como &lt;em&gt;movida&lt;/em&gt;, de hecho son intercambiables en algunos contextos. Algunos ejemplos que se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Te gusta el rap o cuál es tu rollo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En esa esquina se ve gente rara que se trae un rollo muy chungo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Me miras que le pasa al móvil? Yo no entiendo de estos rollos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Ya has cogido todos tus rollos, nos podemos ir ya?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí &lt;em&gt;rollo&lt;/em&gt; sería &quot;tipo de música&quot; pero en diferentes contextos puede ser distintas cosas, aficiones generalmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya ha salido una frase similar en otra respuesta, aquí podría ser &lt;em&gt;asunto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se podría decir: &lt;em&gt;Yo no entiendo de estos temas&lt;/em&gt;, también podría ser &lt;em&gt;asunto&lt;/em&gt; como en la anterior pero tienen un matiz diferente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquí &lt;em&gt;rollos&lt;/em&gt; serían &lt;em&gt;cosas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trastos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chismes&lt;/em&gt; o como queramos llamarlos, objetos varios así en general.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T09:27:58.987" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T09:27:58.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T10:04:02.007" Score="6" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today's selected word in the RAE web is the following one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2B3Izdh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alzhéimer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De A. &lt;em&gt;Alzheimer&lt;/em&gt;, 1864-1915, neurólogo alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Med. enfermedad de Alzheimer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that &lt;em&gt;Alzheimer&lt;/em&gt; is a proper name, and so in &quot;enfermedad de Alzheimer&quot; the proper name is used (note that it does not carry a &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; over the first &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;). But then a common name is created (&lt;em&gt;alzhéimer&lt;/em&gt;) with the same meaning, so now it carries the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt;... and a &lt;em&gt;zh&lt;/em&gt; group that does not belong to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never seen anybody using &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=asqoMGb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but when the word &lt;em&gt;tweet&lt;/em&gt; began to be of common use in Spanish, the RAE registered the word in its dictionary, but recommended to use the adapted form &lt;em&gt;tuit&lt;/em&gt; (and not &lt;em&gt;twit&lt;/em&gt;) as the &lt;em&gt;tw&lt;/em&gt; group does not belong to Spanish. I understand that the same thing happened with &lt;em&gt;alzhéimer&lt;/em&gt; as people just used the name of the neurologist to refer to it. But now the RAE did not adapt the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why wasn't it adapted as &lt;em&gt;alcéimer&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:12:14.073" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:12:14.073" Title="Why wasn't &quot;alzhéimer&quot; adapted to &quot;alcéimer&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22402" CreationDate="2017-09-21T10:55:56.607" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos a la Fundéu, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/alzheimer-escritura-correcta-1079/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indican que&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si se emplea este término aisladamente para referirse a dicha enfermedad, se convierte en un sustantivo común, por lo que ha de escribirse con minúscula inicial y con tilde: &lt;em&gt;alzhéimer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eso solo explica el uso de tilde, no el que se mantenga la pareja &lt;em&gt;zh&lt;/em&gt; tan ajena a nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando entonces el maravilloso recurso que es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero&lt;/a&gt;, podemos ver que &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_A/LETRA_A_PDF/ALZHEIMER/00000235.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alzhéimer [PDF]&lt;/a&gt; ya estaba recogida con tilde en el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vufind.uniovi.es/Record/529988&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario general y técnico hispanoamericano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de 1930:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4upvH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4upvH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo: que el propio apellido del psicólogo alemán, &lt;em&gt;Alzhéimer&lt;/em&gt;, también lo escribían con tilde. Se comprende entonces que, siendo la palabra una simple sustantivación del apellido, se mantuviese la escritura tal cual.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si la RAE introdujo la palabra en el DLE a través de este otro diccionario, y si en 1930 el término ya estaba en uso médico con tilde, es normal que no se quisiera modificar su escritura, pues llevaría a confusiones innecesarias&lt;/strong&gt; en un campo (el de la Medicina) que no está para esas cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre que se escribiese el apellido con tilde... Lo cierto es que, hoy en día, Alzheimer se escribe sin tilde tanto en español y alemán, como en inglés, francés, portugués o italiano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero también es cierto que, hasta no hace tantos años, había cierta tendencia a &quot;castellanizar&quot; los nombres y apellidos extranjeros (siendo el &quot;Wolfango Amadeo Mozart&quot; de varias enciclopedias el primer caso que me viene a la mente).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Siguiendo este razonamiento, encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=918&amp;amp;tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A1900%2Ccd_max%3A1999&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=Alzh%C3%A9imer&amp;amp;oq=Alzh%C3%A9imer&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.12...0.0.0.18099.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.m6ZpA1btMAY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un par de resultados en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;, en francés y portugués, que escriben el apellido con tilde. Puede que en otros idiomas sucediese lo mismo que indico y que la grafía en español del siglo pasado estuviese influenciada por estos idiomas; o puede que simplemente fuese un intento de indicar que se pronuncia &lt;code&gt;Al'zheimer&lt;/code&gt; (llana) y no &lt;code&gt;Alzhei'mer&lt;/code&gt; (aguda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T14:52:30.820" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T14:52:30.820" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22405" CreationDate="2017-09-21T12:52:00.507" Score="13" ViewCount="1736" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a programmer, I'm quite used to the English term &quot;disable&quot; and its Spanish counterpart &lt;em&gt;&quot;deshabilitar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alas, I recently discovered that, even though a quick Google search spews 3+ million results for the word, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=deshabilitar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the DLE does not recognize &lt;em&gt;&quot;deshabilitar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what word should I use? Or should I just keep using it and hope for its inclusion in the DLE, given its wide acceptance?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Better yet, what words do &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; use for this concept, in the context of computing, software, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T14:53:14.200" Title="Is it OK to translate &quot;disable&quot; as &quot;deshabilitar&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22404" CreationDate="2017-09-21T13:22:18.627" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya hemos visto en otras ocasiones que el hecho de que una palabra no venga en el diccionario no quiere decir que sea errónea, si las partes que la componen no lo son.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &lt;em&gt;deshabilitar&lt;/em&gt; va precedida de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;des-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que en español indica una inversión del significado de la palabra que le sigue. Por tanto, si &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JvLO70G&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;habilitar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;hacer a algo apto para una determinada cosa&quot;, &lt;em&gt;deshabilitar&lt;/em&gt; es lo opuesto: hacerlo no apto para esa cosa determinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Twitter, vemos que la RAE ha defendido en varias ocasiones el uso de &lt;em&gt;deshabilitar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Editable» y «deshabilitar» son derivados correctamente formados y su empleo no es censurable. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/605356938629660673&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un der. negativo de «habilitar» bien formado y difundido en informática; no se considera incorrecto. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/704577381709828096&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Deshabilitar» es un derivado negativo correcto de «habilitar», muy difundido en el ámbito informático. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/614022556207722496&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T14:43:53.357" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T14:43:53.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22404" CreationDate="2017-09-21T16:10:27.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría la palabra &quot;desactivar&quot; en lugar de &quot;deshabilitar&quot;. Aunque la palabra &quot;deshabilitar&quot; es técnicamente correcta - yo siento que no concuerda con el significado que querés comunicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más importante es que la palabra refleje la idea que querés comunicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17706" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T16:12:58.290" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T16:12:58.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20022" CreationDate="2017-09-21T16:44:43.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta la fuente que cito (&lt;a href=&quot;https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/6331/1/ELUA_12_07.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los prefijos intensivos del español: caracterización morfo-semántica&lt;/em&gt;, Josefa Martín García, 1998.&lt;/a&gt;), entiendo que para algunos sí existe un orden determinado, mientras que para otros no porque aplica un prefijo u otro de acuerdo a la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la fuente se menciona que algunos prefijos aumentativos se encuentran en una escala de gradación. Por ejemplo super-hiper-mega-macro:&#xA;ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;mercado-supermercado-hipermercado-megamercado-macromercado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto al prefijo &quot;re&quot; se menciona que su uso se da únicamente para intensificar un verbo (rebuscar), o un adjetivo (rebarato), siendo poco recomendado su uso en adverbios (rebien) y nombres (retonto). Se menciona también que su uso es más bien coloquial, que se usa más que todo en el español de Hispanoamérica y que es más usado el similar &quot;super&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre archi y ultra se habla sobre la preferencia de uno u otro dependiendo de si el lenguaje es coloquial o culto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre los dos prefijos superlativos del español reside en los&#xA;  distintos ámbitos en que se utilizan. Así, ARCHI- se inscribe dentro de un registro&#xA;  más coloquial y ULTRA- pertenece, por el contrario, a un registro más culto dentro&#xA;  de los lenguajes especializados de la política, de la ciencia o del periodismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que otros usos vienen dados por la costumbre también, por ejemplo es normal escuchar que el día está super bonito, pero no creo que nadie diga que está hiper bonito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T05:42:36.153" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T05:42:36.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T17:10:38.607" Score="4" ViewCount="2237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si la selección de una u otra frase es cuestión del hablante/individuo o más bien depende del dialecto que uno hable. Los libros de texto de español en estados unidos suelen incluir la primera frase con &quot;dar&quot; en vez de la con &quot;hacer&quot;, pero para mi la primera variante no me suena tan común. ¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17666" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T20:10:08.660" Title="&quot;Dar una fiesta&quot; vs. &quot;Hacer una fiesta&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22411" CreationDate="2017-09-21T18:17:26.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado fuentes para soportar lo que digo, pero en mi opinión tienen dos significados ligeramente distintos. Para mí, &quot;hacer una fiesta&quot; podría sonar a un evento un poco más informal, como acordar con tus amigos y familia y festejar. Por otro lado, &quot;dar una fiesta&quot; se enfoca más al hecho de que alguien, en calidad de anfitrión, organiza un evento, &quot;ofrece&quot; una fiesta, y podría, aunque no siempre, denotar un poco más de formalidad. Me viene a la mente con esta última expresión las fiestas que se ofrecen o dan en las casas de las familias de las novelas de Jane Austen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con que, al menos en mi región (vivo en Colombia), es más común oir la expresión &quot;hacer una fiesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es un gráfico con la frecuencia de aparición de las frases &quot;dar una fiesta&quot;  y &quot;hacer una fiesta&quot; en libros en español entre los años 1800 y 2008: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=dar%20una%20fiesta%2Chacer%20una%20fiesta&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdar%20una%20fiesta%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Chacer%20una%20fiesta%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar una fiesta,hacer una fiesta&lt;/a&gt;, que muestra que &quot;hacer una fiesta es más común al menos desde hace varias décadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T18:17:26.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22434" CreationDate="2017-09-21T19:52:15.280" Score="5" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to yet another edition of Translation Golf!&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;And the winner is...&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@VeAqui with 168 letters. Regardless of me having absolute authority, I feel obliged to defend this decision: the last sentence of the translation has caused some raised eyebrows in the chat. Even if this sentence was judged as unacceptable and replaced with the ungolfed &quot;Mamá la llamó nieve, susurró.&quot; (longer than any bronze-bringing solutions), the translation would be of length 172, one character below the tied silver score of 173 letters. Congratulations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mumble @walen mumble grumble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nfytU.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nfytU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Moominland Midwinter - Trollvinter cover&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being one of the fierce Vikings of the north and with fall turning to winter, I would like to propose something showcasing Finnish litterature. The text is an excerpt from the official English translation of &lt;em&gt;Moominland Midwinter&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Trollvinter&lt;/em&gt; in the original Swedish (Finland is a bilingual country: we speak both Finnish and Swedish). The protagonist of this children's book, Moomintroll has just unexpectedly awoken from his hibernation and is taking a peek outside the house. He is the first Moomin to ever be awoken during the winter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He lost his breath, slipped and rolled over the edge.&#xA;  And so Moomintroll was helplessly thrown out in a strange and dangerous world and dropped up to his ears in the first snowdrift of his experience. It felt unpleasantly prickly to his velvet skin, but at the same time his snout caught a new smell. It was a more serious smell than any he had felt before, and slightly frightening. But it made him wide awake and greatly interested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The valley was enveloped in a kind of grey twilight. It also wasn’t green any longer, it was white. Everything that had once moved had become immobile. There were no living sounds. Everything angular was now rounded.&#xA;  ‘This is snow,’ Moomintroll whispered to himself. ‘I’ve heard about it from Mother, and it’s called snow.’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(601 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my attempt at a translation (I encourage you all to point out any errors you can find so that I can fix them. If the meaning is somewhat different it is because I tried to match the Swedish text. The source material to golf against is the English translation, though.):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Él perdió su aliento*, se resbaló y rodó sobre el el borde del techo. Asi se encontró Mumin indefenso en un mundo nuevo y peligroso y hundo profundamente en el primero lomo de nieve de su vida. Picó su piel velludo desagradablemente, pero mientras tanto captó su morro un olor nuevo. Era un olor más serioso que ningún que hubiera sentido antes y también un poco alarmante. Por otro lado le hizo vigilante y interesado.&#xA;&#xA; Una penumbra grise envolvía el valle y no era el mismo valle verde sino blanco. Todo lo que se había movido estaba ahora inmóvil. Todos los ruidos de la vida faltaban. Todo lo que había sido rudo era ahora redondeado. 'Es nieve', murmuró Mumin a si mismo, 'Mamá ha oido hablar des esa y se llama nieve.'&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(573 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And would someone want to see the original Swedish text, here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han tappade andan, halkade och rullade över takkanten. Och så åkte Mumintrollet hjälplöst ut i en ny farlig värld och sjönk djupt ner i sin första snödriva. Det stack obehagligt i hans sammetsskinn, men samtidigt vädrade hans nos en ny lukt. Den var allvarligare än någon lukt han känt och lite skrämmande. Men den gjorde honom klarvaken och intresserad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En grå halvdager låg tät över dalen. Men dalen var inte grön längre, den var vit. Allt som rörde sig hade blivit orörligt. Alla levande ljud var borta. Allt kantigt hade blivit runt.&#xA;  Det är snö, viskade Mumintrollet. Mamma har hört talas om den och den kallas snö.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(497 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's (that is the &lt;strong&gt;English translation&lt;/strong&gt;) meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Clarification&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English expression &lt;code&gt;he lost his breath&lt;/code&gt; is ambiguous. The following interpretations are accepted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moomintroll was taken impressed by the snowy landscape and couldn't find words to describe it. (Quedó sin habla)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moomintroll was tired and hyperventilating: he lost his balance because of this. (Estaba cansado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moomintroll had a physical reaction to the cold and/or was surprised by what he saw and/or the sensation of cold: he physically emptied his lungs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="17605" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T20:21:14.433" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T20:21:14.433" Title="Translation-golf XIX - Moominland Midwinter" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;sueco&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-21T20:19:21.530" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22411" CreationDate="2017-09-21T20:27:27.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En línea con la respuesta de Mauricio y con lo que observo en el uso, creo que la diferencia es tanto de dialectos como de connotación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en Argentina jamás se usa &lt;em&gt;dar una fiesta&lt;/em&gt; intransitivamente, sino sólo con el sentido de dar como regalo, e incluso en ese caso es más común decir &lt;em&gt;hacerle a alguien una fiesta&lt;/em&gt;. La fiesta se le hace o se le da a un homenajeado (alguien que cumple años, por ejemplo); no se le da a los invitados. Para esto último tendría que decir &lt;em&gt;ofrecer una fiesta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es en mi dialecto, sin embargo, y es obvio que la frase &lt;em&gt;dar una fiesta&lt;/em&gt; sí tiene gran uso en otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi dialecto (ya me dirán los demás si en el suyo) &lt;em&gt;dar una fiesta&lt;/em&gt; sugiere regalo, obsequio, ofrecimiento, y queda en la vecindad semántica de frases decididamente formales como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar un banquete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ofrecer una fiesta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ofrecer una recepción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;brindar una cena de gala&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio &lt;em&gt;hacer una fiesta&lt;/em&gt; es, si no informal, al menos neutral. No es que al &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; no esté presente el &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;, sino que el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; no connota en principio otra cosa que la actividad de organizar. Si se precisa indicar que la fiesta es para alguien simplemente se añade un objeto indirecto como beneficiario: por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;Le hice una fiesta a mi hijo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T20:27:27.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2017-09-21T20:59:14.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;309 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin aliento Moomintroll, cayó por el borde en un raro e inseguro mundo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20960/5481&quot;&gt;calándose&lt;/a&gt; por completo en su primera nevada, que punzaba su piel suave. Captó un olor nuevo para él. Aunque amenazador, picó su curiosidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El valle estaba envuelto en un ocaso gris. Todo era blanco en lugar de verde, inmóvil, silencioso y de forma redondeada. Susurró Moomintroll &amp;quot;Madre explicó que esto es &lt;em&gt;nieve&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T01:03:37.987" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-21T20:59:14.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22397" CreationDate="2017-09-21T22:47:25.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, it is laísmo, and it sounds too bad to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've checked the list of (verbal) periphrasis and &quot;ver + verb&quot; does not appear as one of them. Consequently, it is wrong unless you can consider &quot;ver tejer&quot; as a &quot;Fixed expression&quot; (Locución verbal). I wouldn't take that option since &quot;ver&quot; can be used with ANY verb, and not neccesarily &quot;tejer&quot;, so &quot;ver tejer&quot; has not any special meaning not given by their own forming units.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, I'd conclude that &quot;tejer una bufanda&quot; is the DO, and so &quot;a ella&quot; is the IO, so you should use &quot;le vi tejer una bufanda&quot;. Similarly, also &quot;le&quot; in the 2nd example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T22:47:25.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12984" CreationDate="2017-09-22T00:00:21.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, sopa es caldo más otras cosas, por ejemplo: caldo más presas de pollo, más verduras, caldo más fideos, papá, choclo...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Caldo es el resultado del hervor de alguna carne. Es una base o sustancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17714" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T00:34:52.577" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T00:34:52.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22418" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22420" CreationDate="2017-09-22T01:22:39.240" Score="5" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de clasificación de textos, ¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;one-class classification&quot; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the problem of one-class classification (OCC) one of the classes, the target class, has to be distinguished from all other possible objects, considered as nontargets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intentaba traducirlo como &quot;una clase contra el resto del mundo&quot;, pero parece que no es una traducción adecuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T03:07:32.667" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T03:14:49.907" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;one-class classification&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2017-09-22T03:04:24.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuera de concurso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Como ganador de la edición anterior, considero que mi respuesta no debe tenerse en cuenta para esta edición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;248 181&lt;/strike&gt; 129&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin voz va Mumin filo abajo, de morro a lo nuevo: níveo capuzón, pelaje agujado, asombroso olor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  So luz gris, el ex verde valle albo, quedo, sin canto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Nieve, según mamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras la aclaración de @Mörkö, cambio &quot;exánime&quot; por &quot;sin voz&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El guión largo o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=VEnqyiQ#I2ix0tI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;raya&lt;/a&gt; es el símbolo usado para indicar texto hablado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Puesto que Mumin está sin voz, su habla no puede ser sino un susurro, a lo sumo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varias de las acepciones de &quot;nuevo&quot; apuntan a algo que se experimenta por primera vez, que no se conocía antes: desconocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es importante no eliminar &quot;morro&quot; ni &quot;pelaje&quot; porque, de hacerlo, no estaría claro que Mumin no es una persona. Así que muevo &quot;morro&quot; a la forma de caer, y ya se sobreentiende que el olor lo capta con el morro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo demás que no esté en el histórico, lo explico en comentarios, a petición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T14:41:16.973" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:41:16.973" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-22T03:04:24.947" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22418" CreationDate="2017-09-22T03:14:49.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que leo, parece ser un término de &lt;em&gt;machine learning&lt;/em&gt;, y tiene también otro nombre que es &lt;em&gt;&quot;unary classification&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Unary classification&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es, como dice @guifa, fácilmente traducible a, por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;clasificación unitaria&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://paginaspersonales.deusto.es/isantos/papers/2013/2013-Nieves-Meta.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publicaciones de ML en español [PDF]&lt;/a&gt; que lo usan así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;One-class clasification&quot;&lt;/em&gt; lo podrías traducir como &lt;strong&gt;&quot;clasificación de clase única&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;; o, si quieres imitar al inglés, &quot;clasificación &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b4jMgXW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uni&lt;/a&gt;clase&quot; (forma que no recomiendo en absoluto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T03:14:49.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2017-09-22T06:42:24.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;318 283 249 240 235 212&lt;/strike&gt; 173 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EX0OaJB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eleto&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mumin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G4d5Co8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esbaró&lt;/a&gt;, cayó a un mundo raro, peligroso: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YheNXpa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sumido&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LSuw8Oa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inerme&lt;/a&gt; en su primer &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QTBr7Mh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nevazo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UXzFGTq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;púas&lt;/a&gt; a su piel de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjFs13g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;felpa&lt;/a&gt;; un olor nuevo, alarmante... y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XRdK7Je&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seductor&lt;/a&gt;; un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bHN9HUG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;val&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1WgZuLp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;albeado&lt;/a&gt; en gris &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b3a2rn6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;umbra&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lfaxiro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inmóvil&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PzhtiPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mudo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Webfori&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;romo&lt;/a&gt;. &quot;Nieve -&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WrYJFY9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rutó&lt;/a&gt;-, mamá lo dijo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carlos Alejo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tras las clarificaciones, uso &quot;eleto&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;pasmado&quot;, &quot;absorto&quot;: &quot;con el ánimo arrebatado por alguna cosa extraordinaria&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si Mumin se sumió (hundirse completamente) en algo es porque cayó desde una cierta altura, y si eso es así es porque pasó más allá de un borde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alguien &quot;inerme&quot; es que está sin armas, pero se usa también en sentido figurado, es decir, como &quot;indefenso&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Nevazo&quot;, en su segunda acepción, es &quot;nieve caída&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Espinas a su piel de felpa&quot;: se usa la preposición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;para&quot; (acepción 18) o &quot;según&quot; (acepción 28). Equivale a &quot;espinoso para su piel de felpa&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es necesario mantener la referencia al morro. Si olió algo, evidentemente fue con su morro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo es alarmante, es que es serio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Seductor&quot; como algo que &quot;cautiva el ánimo a alguien&quot;, es decir, como sinónimo de &quot;interesante&quot;. Si algo es seductor o interesante es porque está despertando tu interés y atrayendo tu atención. Al dar la idea de que algo atrae tu atención ya se supone que el personaje está atento, despierto, no hay necesidad de añadir lo de &lt;em&gt;made him wide awake&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El valle estaba &quot;albeado&quot;, sinónimo de &quot;blanqueado&quot;, es decir, que se había tornado blanco, lo que indica que ese no era su color habitual (que es lo realmente importante, más que el valle antes fuera &quot;verde&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;twilight&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la luz tenue del amanecer o del anochecer. Dicha luz se puede traducir como &quot;penumbra&quot;, que es la zona de sombra ubicada entre la luz y la oscuridad, o sencillamente como &quot;umbra&quot;, zona de sombra. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo es romo, es que no tiene puntas o filos, y por tanto se puede considerar redondeado, de líneas suaves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En algunas zonas de españa, &lt;em&gt;rutar&lt;/em&gt; significar &quot;murmurar, susurrar&quot;. Todo el resto del texto está escrito en español de España, válido en las zonas donde se usa &lt;em&gt;rutar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T13:04:15.373" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T13:04:15.373" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-22T06:42:24.193" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2017-09-22T07:16:33.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;387 315 279 252 246 229 178&lt;/s&gt; 173 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atónito, Mumin resbaló vano, ya metido en nieve incierta de un mundo &lt;em&gt;idem&lt;/em&gt;. Irritó su fina piel, un nuevo olor tremendo lo avivó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un albor gris cubría el valle cano, no verde: fijo, mudo, diluido. -Mamá lo llama nieve- musitó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;@blonfu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambio al significado de &lt;em&gt;lost his breath&lt;/em&gt; de quedar sin habla que propone Mörkö. Uso &lt;em&gt;atónito&lt;/em&gt; para ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resbalar&lt;/em&gt; también es caer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Incierto&lt;/em&gt; es algo desconocido, la nieve para Mumin en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Idem&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;incierta&lt;/em&gt; por lo que el mundo es incierto (no seguro, peligroso y a la vez desconocido, extraño por tanto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tremendo&lt;/em&gt; es algo digno de ser temido y también digno de respeto (serio, grave, importante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El olor lo &lt;em&gt;aviva&lt;/em&gt;, por tanto esta bien despierto e interesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T19:47:08.287" CommentCount="15" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-22T07:16:33.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22426" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:45:27.940" Score="5" ViewCount="21822" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos sabemos que el español es muy rico y debido a eso no lo conocemos todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces menciono la palabra &lt;em&gt;hubieron&lt;/em&gt; y me la corrigen por &lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt;. Siempre he tenido esta duda: ¿existe &lt;em&gt;hubieron&lt;/em&gt; o simplemente es una invención del lenguaje? ¿Tal vez es que la utilizo en el contexto inadecuado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16718" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T13:50:38.387" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T09:40:27.507" Title="¿Es correcto usar &quot;hubieron&quot;? ¿Cúal es la diferencia entre &quot;hubo&quot; y &quot;hubieron&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22397" CreationDate="2017-09-22T13:07:02.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first one is not laísmo, in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Tejer una bufanda&quot; is not the object of the action. The object of the action (to see/ver) is always her, and &quot;tejer una bufanda&quot;, I think it's what, in Spanish, we call &quot;complemento circunstancial de modo&quot; (don't know how to say that in English). It more or less answers the question &quot;How did you see her?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could answer me saying that, in this case, it should be &quot;You saw her knitting a scarf&quot;, but in Spanish, there's not such difference. As far as I remember, in English, &quot;You saw her knit a scarf&quot; implies that you saw the whole process of knitting the scarf, while &quot;You saw her knitting a scarf&quot; means you saw just part of the process. In Spanish both sentences are synonyms, so that's why I think &quot;la&quot; is the correct choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same way, I'd use &quot;la&quot; again on the second example, for the same reason, but I agree, the second one is more common, although that doesn't make it more correct. In Spanish, everyday people use expressions that are not correct, but widely used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16766" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T13:07:02.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22428" CreationDate="2017-09-22T15:54:38.587" Score="6" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;He notado que varios títulos de libros o titulares de artículos tienen una estructura algo particular. Básicamente se trata de tener dos ideas, que podrían funcionar cada una como un título por sí mismo, pero que se unen con &quot;o&quot; para generar una especie de similitud que imagino puede hacer ver el título algo atrayente y original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos son algunos ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.marketingdirecto.com/marketing-general/tendencias/experiencias-memorables-o-como-hacer-que-marca-no-caiga-olvido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Experiencias memorables o cómo hacer que su marca no caiga en el olvido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.traficantes.net/libros/la-discreci%C3%B3n-o-el-arte-de-desaparecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La discreción o el arte de desaparecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.efe.com/efe/espana/sociedad/ciberstalking-o-como-hacer-la-vida-imposible-a-otro/10004-3285980&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ciberstalking o cómo hacer la vida imposible a otro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elconfidencial.com/cultura/series/2017-09-20/jerry-seinfeld-netflix_1446224/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jerry Seinfeld o el arte de forrarse tirado a la bartola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xlsemanal.com/firmas/20110911/magazine-firmas-pequenas-infamias-303.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resiliencia o el arte de “rebotar”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smarterworkspaces.kyocera.es/blog/estrategia-competitiva-o-el-arte-de-la-no-guerra/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estrategia competitiva o el arte de la no guerra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término para designar esta forma de crear títulos? ¿Se trata de una figura literaria o simplemente es un &quot;truco&quot; publicitario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T09:46:17.543" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T10:40:33.233" Title="Título de libro separado con &quot;o&quot; para hacerlo más atrayente" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22423" CreationDate="2017-09-22T16:59:28.057" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hubo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hubieron&lt;/em&gt; son dos formas del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/EsVerbs.aspx?v=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haber&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hubo:&lt;/strong&gt; tercera persona singular del pretérito perfecto simple o pretérito del indicativo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Hubieron:&lt;/strong&gt; tercera persona plural del pretérito perfecto simple o pretérito del indicativo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/habia-muchas-personas-ha-habido-quejas-hubo-problemas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hubo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;hubieron&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; se emplea para denotar la mera presencia o&#xA;  existencia de personas o cosas, funciona como impersonal y, por lo&#xA;  tanto, se usa solamente en tercera persona del singular:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ❌&lt;em&gt;Hubieron problemas para entrar al concierto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ✔️&lt;em&gt;Hubo problemas para entrar al concierto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa correctamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/hubieron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hubieron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para formar, seguida del participio del verbo que se está conjugando,&#xA;  la tercera persona del plural del tiempo compuesto denominado&#xA;  pretérito anterior o antepretérito de indicativo: &lt;em&gt;hubieron terminado,&#xA;  hubieron comido, hubieron salido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como forma de la tercera persona del plural del pretérito perfecto&#xA;  simple o pretérito de indicativo de la perífrasis verbal &lt;em&gt;haber de&lt;/em&gt; +&#xA;  infinitivo, que denota obligación o necesidad y equivale a la más&#xA;  usual hoy &lt;em&gt;tener que&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo: &lt;em&gt;El director y su equipo hubieron de&#xA;  recorrer muchos lugares antes de encontrar los exteriores apropiados&#xA;  para la película.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T09:40:27.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T09:40:27.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22430" CreationDate="2017-09-22T19:32:05.217" Score="3" ViewCount="1552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo he encontrado esta referencia (&lt;a href=&quot;http://argot_es.esacademic.com/4698/patinar_las_neuronas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://argot_es.esacademic.com/4698/patinar_las_neuronas&lt;/a&gt;), donde se explica el significado (tener confusión mental, despistarse; decir inanidades) y pone ejemplos («A esos les patinan las neuronas.» ❙ «Te empieza a patinar la neurona con el tema...».).  Como es la unica referencia que he encontrado, no se si es correcta y en todo caso localizo nada sobre su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17726" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T20:44:03.677" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T21:08:07.423" Title="Origen y significado de la expresion &quot;patinar las neuronas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22425" CreationDate="2017-09-22T19:56:38.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama un &lt;strong&gt;subtítulo&lt;/strong&gt;, tal y como lo recoge el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Título secundario que se pone a veces después del título principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es algo bastante típico y tiene mucha historia en la literatura, tanto en castellano como en otros idiomas.  Usando la conjunción &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; tiene menos historia en castellano, siendo más popular sobre todo en el inglés.  Hoy es más común en casi todos los casos emplear algún tipo de puntuación, con los dos puntos la opción plenamente más preferida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T19:56:38.167" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22431" CreationDate="2017-09-22T20:15:09.880" Score="5" ViewCount="2115" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre la he oído pronunciar como «balet» (a veces omitiendo la pronunciación de la «t»), como si solo tuviera una «&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;». Pero, al contener una «&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;», ¿no debería pronunciarse algo así como «ba&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;et», con el sonido habitual de la «&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;», como la palabra «&lt;strong&gt;valle&lt;/strong&gt;»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Danza clásica de conjunto, representada sobre un escenario.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Música para &lt;em&gt;ballet&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Compañía de &lt;em&gt;ballet&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero nada de la pronunciación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17726" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T13:36:57.770" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T13:36:57.770" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia correctamente &quot;ballet&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22427" CreationDate="2017-09-22T21:08:07.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me guiaría con la acepción 5 de la RAE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S9rnYDt%7CS9tUqG7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patinar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Perder la buena dirección o la eficacia en lo que se está haciendo o diciendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que al decir que las neuronas &amp;quot;patinan&amp;quot; se da la idea de que la persona no está en su óptima capacidad de pensamiento, lo que concuerda con el significado que encontraste sobre confusión mental.&#xA;Otra expresión parecida es &amp;quot;patinar el coco&amp;quot;. Yo asocio &amp;quot;coco&amp;quot; con la cabeza, y vendría a significar algo similar a la anterior expresión: la cabeza/cerebro no está funcionando muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T21:08:07.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22429" CreationDate="2017-09-22T22:02:59.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la entrada del DPD que enlaza @DGaleano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ballet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ballet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.1. Voz francesa (&lt;strong&gt;pron. [balé]&lt;/strong&gt;) que significa ‘danza clásica’ y ‘compañía que interpreta este tipo de danza’. Por tratarse de un extranjerismo crudo, debe escribirse con resalte tipográfico. Su plural es &lt;em&gt;ballets&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Aunque es palabra asentada en el uso internacional con su grafía originaria, puede adaptarse fácilmente al español en la forma &lt;em&gt;balé&lt;/em&gt; (pl. &lt;em&gt;balés&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que se pronuncia &quot;balé&quot; porque en realidad es un vocablo francés, no español. En español se escribe &lt;em&gt;balé&lt;/em&gt;, como suena, pero nadie usa esa forma, porque la otra es la más conocida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T22:02:59.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-23T00:24:45.390" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering why the pronoun &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; is needed in these sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No te preocupes.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  (meaning &quot;don't worry&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion here comes from the fact that &lt;em&gt;preocupar&lt;/em&gt; is already conjugated to &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form. Why is it &quot;don't you &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; worry?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Que te sientas mejor!&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  (meaning &quot;feel better&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion here comes from the same thing as above- why the repeat of &quot;you&quot; pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T07:42:08.357" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T10:11:49.003" Title="Why is &quot;te&quot; needed in these sentences?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-24T23:15:25.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2017-09-23T01:27:54.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strike&gt;262&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;239&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;207&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;174&lt;/strike&gt; 168 Caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muerto, Mumin rodó y cayó solo a un difícil mundo, a flor de nieve. Sintió picar su piel velluda y un olor nuevo y grave lo excitó. Tras un ocaso gris el valle albo, quedo, mudo, curvo, sin verde &quot;Oí a Mamá, ¿Nieve?&quot; susurró&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se ha puesto bueno... ¿serán menos de 160 caracteres del ganador?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q0NUNXM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Muerto&lt;/a&gt; viene en su cuarta acepción (muy fatigado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si está solo no tiene ayuda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DjoVnu9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Difícil&lt;/a&gt; en su tercer significado es extraño (raro) y en su primero, al presentar obstáculos puede verse como peligroso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similar a las expresiones &quot;A flor de agua&quot; o &quot;A flor de tierra&quot; podría usarse un &quot;A flor de nieve&quot; para dar a entender que está cubierto parcialmente por la nieve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsuIXMH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Picar&lt;/a&gt; en su significado 29 es: Dicho de una parte del cuerpo de alguien: Hacerle experimentar picor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El olor debe ser sentido por su nariz (u hocico)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JVSZmEi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grave&lt;/a&gt; entraría con sus significados 4 y 7 (Circunspecto, serio, que causa respeto y veneración. Molesto, enfadoso)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el olor lo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HCPDpRu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;excitó&lt;/a&gt;, debió quedar despierto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El valle envuelto quedaría detrás del ocaso o mejor &lt;em&gt;tras un&lt;/em&gt; ocaso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trato de resumir en pocas palabras las descripciones de la nieve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las frases de la madre de Mumin la pongo como una sola.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planteo la pregunta en término retórico, por un par de letras...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier duda a corregir me comentan, ya que por lo visto el chat lo realizan a eso de la 13:00 UTC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T01:29:04.077" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T01:29:04.077" CommentCount="14" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-23T01:27:54.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22463" CreationDate="2017-09-23T01:37:19.807" Score="6" ViewCount="594" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trivial_Pursuit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trivial Pursuit&lt;/a&gt;, el objetivo del juego es obtener todos los &amp;quot;quesitos&amp;quot; de colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/20S4z.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/20S4z.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;las piezas del juego&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la casilla es una de las casillas especiales situadas en la intersección, obtiene como premio una de las seis &lt;strong&gt;cuñas&lt;/strong&gt; (popularmente llamadas &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;quesitos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;) del color de la casillas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: wikipedia&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España la expresión coloquial &amp;quot;pregunta de quesito&amp;quot; tiene las connotaciones de &amp;quot;pregunta especial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;rara&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;difícil&amp;quot;, precisamente por estas preguntas del juego. Había preguntas normales y preguntas &amp;quot;de quesito&amp;quot;. Las dos salían de las mismas tarjetas, pero cuando caías en la casilla la pregunta se volvía más importante, porque te hacía ganar uno de los codiciados quesitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre entendí que la analogía era con los quesitos en porciones, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es-pic2.ciao.com/es/17467317.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como los de El Caserío&lt;/a&gt;, porque era más difícil llamar a esas piezas &amp;quot;cuñas&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;prismas&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;trocitos de tarta&amp;quot; (que también se le parecen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aun así no sé si esa denominación de &amp;quot;quesito&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;universal&amp;quot; o propia del español de España, y por ende no sé si el modismo se entiende en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YEtDw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YEtDw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;mini Brie small&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende la expresión &amp;quot;pregunta de quesito&amp;quot; en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T01:10:30.253" Title="¿Se entiende la expresión &quot;pregunta de quesito&quot; en Hispanoamérica?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22436" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y sueco. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Swedish languages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22437" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y sueco. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Swedish languages. " OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T01:38:58.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22433" CreationDate="2017-09-23T10:11:49.003" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I see the other questions are similar but not quite the same so..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case , &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; is used because, in Spanish, the verb &lt;strong&gt;preocupar&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;is a transitive verb. Which means that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No preocupes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;wouldn't mean &amp;quot;don't worry&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;don't worry + [somebody or some people]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't worry&lt;/strong&gt; -&amp;gt; No te preocupes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't worry me&lt;/strong&gt; -&amp;gt; No me preocupes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dont worry him/her&lt;/strong&gt; -&amp;gt; No le/la preocupes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17681" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T10:11:49.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22439" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-23T12:19:23.737" Score="4" ViewCount="8954" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aGlB829#CgBA2Gk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sin trampa ni cartón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que algo no tiene truco ni engaño alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hela aquí que la voy diciendo en palabras crudas, para todos los oídos, comprobable a todos los ojos, sin trampa ni cartón, la noche cierta, la auténtica, que la sirvo y dispongo, que la lanzo y la escupo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vicente Aleixandre, &quot;Ámbito&quot;, 1928 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que de algo real, que no tiene truco, se diga que &quot;no tiene trampa&quot;, pero ¿por qué se dice que tampoco tiene &quot;cartón&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T19:06:45.747" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;sin trampa ni cartón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22440" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-23T16:36:59.060" Score="5" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading &lt;em&gt;The Alchemist&lt;/em&gt; by Coelho, the Spanish translation, of course (HarperCollins; Juan Godo Costa, translator).  In the preface, one can find the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La simple idea de transformar metales en oro, o de descubrir el Elixir de Larga Vida, ya era de por sí fascinante para que pudiera pasarle inadvertida a cualquiera que se iniciase en la Magia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking that the author (through this translation) is conveying that the idea of turning metals into gold or discovering the Elixir of Long Life is so fascinating that those who begin to dabble in magic might inadvertently stumble upon either of the two.  Does this sound like an accurate translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &quot;para que&quot; in this context is tripping me up.  I'm reading it as saying, &quot;so much so that&quot; as opposed to simply, &quot;so that.&quot;  Is this fair or am I adding things that aren't there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OQoSe.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OQoSe.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;El Alquimista Excerpt&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13790" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-30T11:29:49.280" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T17:57:05.420" Title="Translation of Sentence Involving &quot;para que&quot; in The Alchemist by Coelho" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22440" CreationDate="2017-09-23T16:54:06.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a type of hypothetical/counterfactual clause you have there. As it stands,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;era de por sí fascinante para que pudiera pasarle inadvertida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &quot;it was in itself too fascinating for it for pass unnoticed&quot;. This is counterfactual because the context makes it clear that it did &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; pass unnoticed, though it could hypothetically have. You probably noted that the English equivalent has to employ the word &lt;em&gt;too&lt;/em&gt;, which also signals that some threshold of likelihood has been crossed: it (the idea) &lt;strong&gt;could maybe&lt;/strong&gt; have passed unnoticed, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; it was too fascinating for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several other related ways to employ this construction. It's rather common to use &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;era de por sí fascinante como para que pudiera pasarle inadvertida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not compulsory (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=s3kpSlOhuD6v706948&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD, entry on &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f) Seguido de la preposición para + infinitivo, o de para que + verbo&#xA;  en subjuntivo, introduce la consecuencia posible o esperable de lo&#xA;  expresado con anterioridad: «Se sabía [...] con el encanto suficiente&#xA;  como para embelesar a Joaquín» (Elizondo Setenta [Méx. 1987]); «Era un&#xA;  local lo bastante amplio como para que pudieran entrenar allí dos&#xA;  docenas de boxeadores» (Memba Homenaje [Esp. 1989]). &lt;strong&gt;La mayor parte de&#xA;  las veces tiene simplemente valor ponderativo y puede suprimirse sin&#xA;  que cambie el sentido del enunciado.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use an infinitive instead of a subordinate preceded by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;era de por sí fascinante (como) para poder pasarle inadvertida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or dropping the verb &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; altogether, since the meaning doesn't really change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;era de por sí fascinante (como) para pasarle inadvertida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in English, you could optionally add &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; before the adjective, and you could replace that &lt;em&gt;de por sí&lt;/em&gt;, which is merely emphatic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;era (de por sí) demasiado fascinante (como) para pasarle inadvertida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing, the structure &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;demasiado X como para que Y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (and its alternatives) translates roughly as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;too X for it to Y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T17:00:53.393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T17:00:53.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22439" CreationDate="2017-09-23T17:00:08.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás (pura especulación al no encontrar ninguna fuente) el &lt;em&gt;cartón&lt;/em&gt; del modismo corresponda a una abreviación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7l5h752&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cartón piedra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Dicho de una cosa: &lt;strong&gt;Falsa, artificial&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedaría así reforzada la ausencia de &lt;em&gt;trampas&lt;/em&gt; con la ausencias de cosas &lt;em&gt;falsas o artificiales&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que esto es más un comentario que una respuesta, pero no tengo reputación como para ponerlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La referencia más antigua al modismo que he encontrado es de febrero de 1881, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0002065926&amp;amp;page=8&amp;amp;search=trampa%20cart%C3%B3n&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Madrid Cómico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Porque  para fumarse un cigarro del estanco se necesita   consumir por lo  menos un wagón &lt;strong&gt;de los de sin trampa y sin cartón&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de encontrar un anuncio del 30/3/1887 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0026949128&amp;amp;page=13&amp;amp;search=trampa%20cart%C3%B3n&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Crónica (Huesca)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que puede indicar un origen diferente (¿quizás literal?) del modismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VENTA DE FÓSFOROS Y РАРEL DE FUMAR&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de las más acreditada fábricas nacionales y extranjeras&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  PRECIOS ECONÓMICOS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Docena de cajas de fósforos  desde 25 céntimos de peseta á 3 pesetas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Frascos de hoja de lata, cerilla extra, peso 250 y 500 gramos, 1 y 2 pesetas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fósforos por kilos  desde 2 pesetas á 6, &lt;strong&gt;sin trampa ni carton&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17726" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T17:32:07.560" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T17:32:07.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22443" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-23T18:04:58.633" Score="1" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you use the verb &quot;costar&quot; in a question when it means &quot;difficult&quot; or &quot;hard&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example, how would you say  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Was it hard to begin this project?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;What do you find difficult about this project?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using the verb &quot;costar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17731" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T00:06:27.697" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T00:06:27.697" Title="How do you use the verb &quot;costar&quot; in a question (meaning &quot;difficult&quot; or &quot;hard&quot;)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-09-24T01:50:19.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22443" CreationDate="2017-09-23T18:12:35.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this question is off-topic: please check &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic&quot;&gt;What topics can I ask about here&lt;/a&gt; (section on translation), with additional details &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2673/debemos-replantearnos-los-motivos-de-cierre-espec%C3%ADficos-del-sitio-para-que-sean&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Questions asking for translations are off-topic unless prior research effort is clearly indicated; we're here to help you learn, not provide a bulk translation service.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, here are my 2 cents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) &quot;¿Te ha costado ...?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2) &quot;¿Qué te ha costado ... ?&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you should also consider whether you should use &quot;tú&quot;, &quot;le&quot;, &quot;os&quot;, &quot;vos&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17726" LastEditorDisplayName="user17726" LastEditDate="2017-09-23T18:48:28.663" LastActivityDate="2017-09-23T18:48:28.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22457" CreationDate="2017-09-23T22:41:58.850" Score="3" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces la ortografía tiene razones de pronunciación como &lt;em&gt;día&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ortografía&lt;/em&gt; usando un acento para deshacer el diptongo. ¿Aquí hay un razon gramatical o histórica tal vez? Los participios pasados claramente siendo &lt;em&gt;bramado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ladrado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estallado&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &quot;Para distinguir entre el sustantivo del adjetivo&quot; no es una respuesta suficiente. Hay muchos sustantivos hechos del participio pasado (por ejemplo el hecho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T22:54:30.860" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T10:41:45.477" Title="¿Por qué cambian las vocales &quot;i&quot; de &quot;a&quot; en sustantivos derivada de verbos como estallido, bramido, ladrido?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22397" CreationDate="2017-09-24T01:31:41.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the first one, I'd use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La viste tejer una bufanda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to explain why but probably because the &lt;em&gt;La&lt;/em&gt; refers to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second one, I'd use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agarra la bufanda que la viste tejer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm a native speaker)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T01:31:41.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="405" CreationDate="2017-09-24T09:29:15.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se denominan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Enantiosemia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;autoantónimos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, vocablo que no figura en el Diccionario de la lengua española, pero que se ha formado a partir del prefijo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4Quv5F7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;auto-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'propio' o 'por uno mismo'. &lt;em&gt;Autosugestión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;autobiografía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;automóvil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;automedicarse&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y de la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2xtgdNo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antónimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;em&gt;Ling&lt;/em&gt;. Dicho de una palabra: Que, respecto de otra, expresa una idea opuesta o contraria, como &lt;em&gt;virtud&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;vicio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;claro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oscuro&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17734" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T13:40:05.810" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T13:40:05.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-24T14:18:09.410" Score="0" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo &quot;Articuentos&quot; de Juan José Millás para mejorar mi español. No entiendo la frase siguente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El único que podría comprarme soy yo, y no porque no &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; vivir sin mí, sino por lástima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usa el verbo &quot;poder&quot; en subjuntivo aquí? No es por &quot;influencia&quot; o &quot;incertidumbre&quot;, entonces no entiendo el uso aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17735" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T20:26:02.880" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T22:02:35.307" Title="¿Por qué se usa el verbo &quot;poder&quot; en subjuntivo en esta frase?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22450" CreationDate="2017-09-24T20:50:00.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo se usa, &lt;em&gt;grosso modo&lt;/em&gt;, para cualquier cosa que no sean &quot;hechos&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no usara subjuntivo, el autor estaría &lt;strong&gt;afirmando&lt;/strong&gt; el hecho de &quot;no poder vivir sin él mismo&quot;. Al usar el subjuntivo, habla de esa situación sin afirmar que sea cierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo explícito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No porque no puedo vivir sin mí, sino ...  = &quot;Not because I cannot live without myself, (which is also true), but...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No porque no pueda vivir sin mí, sino... = &quot;Not because I couldn't live without me (which is not the case), but ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T22:02:35.307" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T22:02:35.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-24T21:48:34.973" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically I'm wondering where the clarification &quot;a ella&quot; should go. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17739" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T22:27:04.330" Title="Is &quot;Ellos no le compran a ella ningún regalo&quot; a gramatically correct sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23629" CreationDate="2017-09-24T21:53:04.440" Score="8" ViewCount="894" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Spanish (AP Spanish class for senior year of high school), and something that's bothered me since I started is how many &lt;em&gt;-er/-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs are either irregular or have a changing stem compared to &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; verbs, which only include a few stem-changing verbs and &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason for this odd disparity?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17740" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2019-09-14T13:57:50.867" LastActivityDate="2019-09-16T12:07:29.920" Title="Why are so many -ir/er verbs irregular?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22454" CreationDate="2017-09-24T22:27:04.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is correct.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, subject, verb and complements can be ordered in almost any way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos a ella no le compran ningún regalo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ellos no le compran a ella ningún regalo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ellos no le compran ningún regalo a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three are equally correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A ella no le compran ellos ningún regalo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ningún regalo a ella le compran ellos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A ella ellos ningún regalo le compran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All correct (although much less common outside of literature). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T22:27:04.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22445" CreationDate="2017-09-24T22:48:19.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay toda una serie de verbos relacionados con sonidos (o acciones que sugieren sonido o desplazamiento de aire) con derivados que terminan en &lt;em&gt;-ido&lt;/em&gt;. Además de &lt;em&gt;ladrar, bramar, estallar&lt;/em&gt; (los ya citados), están &lt;em&gt;soplar, silbar, balar, estampar, pitar, zumbar, chillar, bufar, chirriar, graznar, chasquear&lt;/em&gt; y por supuesto el propio &lt;em&gt;sonar&lt;/em&gt;, dentro de los de la primera conjugación, más &lt;em&gt;rugir, mugir, gruñir&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_voces_de_animales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muchos otros&lt;/a&gt;. Como señala Carlos Alejo en un comentario, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Kultj9v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es un sufijo que se usa para derivar sonidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general la razón por la cual una palabra se deriva de una manera y no de otra es arbitraria. El idioma castellano tiene muchas maneras diferentes para crear sustantivos a partir de verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a por qué no se derivan de participios estas palabras en particular: hay una gran diferencia entre los participios de verbos transitivos como &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt; y los de los verbos intransitivos como &lt;em&gt;bramar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;estallar&lt;/em&gt;. Los participios de los verbos transitivos, cuando se transforman en sustantivos, representan objetos directos de esos verbos, o los sujetos de sus formas pasivas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; = alguien hizo X = X fue hecho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su &lt;em&gt;amado&lt;/em&gt; = ella amó a X = X fue amado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el &lt;em&gt;pedido&lt;/em&gt; = alguien pidió X = X fue pedido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede hacer esto mismo con &lt;em&gt;bramar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;estallar&lt;/em&gt;, porque son intransitivos. El significado del sustantivo producido por la derivación en &lt;em&gt;-ido&lt;/em&gt; no es el mismo que en los verbos de más arriba; éstos representan la acción en sí, no su objeto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un &lt;em&gt;bramido&lt;/em&gt; = la acción de bramar (alguien bramó)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un &lt;em&gt;estallido&lt;/em&gt; = la acción de estallar (algo estalló)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como decía, esto es arbitrario, ya que existen muchos verbos cuyo sustantivo de acción es igual al participio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5tpBIoh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bordado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (acción de bordar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;llegada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TENhk9R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pitada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (acción de sonar el pito o silbato)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RpRAesx%7CRpSGwPJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (acción de parar o detenerse)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos verbos los elegí porque son al menos opcionalmente intransitivos y de la primera conjugación (infinitivo en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;), como los del ejemplo, pero lo mismo ocurre con otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mordida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;acometida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;zambullida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por alguna razón la mayoría de estos derivados del participio que representan acciones son de género femenino. Pero también hay derivados que no representan propiamente acciones ni pacientes, como &lt;em&gt;decorado&lt;/em&gt; (sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;decoración&lt;/em&gt;) o &lt;em&gt;cableado&lt;/em&gt; (el conjunto de los cables de una instalación), que casualmente o no resultan ser masculinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, hay una variedad de maneras de formar derivados sustantivos a partir de los verbos en castellano, incluso sin alejarse mucho de los participios. No hay una regla que los englobe a todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T10:41:45.477" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T10:41:45.477" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2017-09-25T03:21:24.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, &lt;strong&gt;ahorita&lt;/strong&gt; can mean &lt;em&gt;in a moment,&lt;/em&gt; or it can mean &lt;em&gt;some hours from now&lt;/em&gt;.  And there's no surefire way to figure out which one is meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that in most Spanish-speaking countries, it generally (always?) means &lt;em&gt;in a moment&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that count?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T03:21:24.790" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-25T03:21:24.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-25T08:04:36.983" Score="7" ViewCount="1310" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is known that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin#Vowels&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin language had both long and short vowel sounds&lt;/a&gt;. Nonetheless, the Spanish language does not have this differentiation and only has short vowels... or at least it seems so. When I was studying Japanese and learning how to transcribe Spanish words into Japanese, the teacher told us that it was OK to simulate the stressed vowels with a long vowel in Japanese. So, words such as &quot;Sevilla&quot; could be transcribed with a long &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; to simulate the stress in that vowel. Now I wonder if we really utter the stressed vowels a bit longer than the non-stressed ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the real question is: in the evolution from Latin language to the current Spanish language, when did we lose the long vowels? Were the long vowels lost along the evolution of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vulgar Latin&lt;/a&gt; (as it seems from the Wikipedia article) or did they somehow reach the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish language&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: are there any reminiscences of the long vowel sounds in the current Spanish language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T10:55:58.230" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T14:45:01.127" Title="When did the Spanish language lose the long vowel sounds that Latin had?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22461" CreationDate="2017-09-25T08:49:52.407" Score="2" ViewCount="553" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España, un &lt;strong&gt;cromo&lt;/strong&gt; es una pequeña estampa con texto y dibujos o fotos, normalmente destinada a ser coleccionada, intercambiada o usada por niños para jugar; lo que en inglés sería una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;trading card&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como no le veía mucha relación con el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BL1dx7W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metal cromo&lt;/a&gt;, iba a preguntar por el origen de la palabra en sí, pero leo en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BL2nfP8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cromo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Acort. de &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad, &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt; me parece una palabra increíblemente específica y técnica; no entiendo cómo pudo pasar al habla común, existiendo otras como &quot;carta&quot; o &quot;naipe&quot; con siglos de uso para conceptos muy similares.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Además, &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt; tiene género femenino, pero no se dice &quot;una cromo&quot;: se usa en masculino, &quot;un cromo&quot; (contrario a acortamientos similares como &quot;una foto&quot;). Incluso hay modismos como &quot;estar hecho un cromo&quot; que hacen uso de la palabra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene &quot;un cromo&quot; como acortamiento de &quot;una cromolitografía&quot;, y cómo llegó a popularizarse su uso en lugar de &quot;carta&quot; o &quot;naipe&quot; o similar? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T11:16:11.877" Title="Origen del uso de &quot;cromo&quot; para significar &quot;estampa coleccionable&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22460" CreationDate="2017-09-25T10:38:14.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que esa acepción de &lt;em&gt;cromo&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a una &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt;, el nombre &quot;cromo&quot; ya existía desde antes en el lenguaje, lo que marca la diferencia entre este caso y otros como &quot;una foto&quot; (por &quot;fotografía&quot;; y aunque &quot;foto&quot; ya existía de antes, en el siglo XIX la palabra llevaba tiempo en desuso) o &quot;una promo&quot; (por &quot;promoción&quot;). Al ser &quot;cromo&quot; una palabra masculina, se debió de quedar con ese género cuando se acortó, dado que al decir &quot;cromo&quot; la gente hacía referencia al elemento usado, más que a la técnica de reproducción. Además, el elemento cromo no llevaba mucho tiempo descubierto, por lo que a principios del siglo XIX constituía una novedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos ejemplos (negritas mías) de la palabra siendo usada ya en el siglo XIX en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Traía a la niña diariamente alguna baratija, para ella desconocida hasta entonces, ya &lt;strong&gt;un cromo&lt;/strong&gt;, ya una fotografía, ya lindas flores, ya números de periódicos ilustrados, ya novelas de Fernán Caballero o de Alarcón [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;Un viaje de novios&quot;, 1881 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros en la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aludimos á la&lt;/em&gt; Historia de la Virgen María &lt;em&gt;que acaba de salir de las prensas del señor Martínez con un lujo desconocido hasta ahora en las publicaciones españolas, con láminas que por sí solas bastarán á hacer interesante esta obra, con &lt;strong&gt;un cromo&lt;/strong&gt; precioso que sirve de portada y con orlas de oro en todas las caras, composición notable que se distingue por el buen gusto de su dibujo, por los atributos que encierra y por el bellísimo efecto que causa su conjunto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Mundo pintoresco. 8/5/1859, n.º 19, página 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no fue hasta 1884 que la palabra &lt;em&gt;cromo&lt;/em&gt; entró en el DLE, como equivalente a la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;estampa obtenida por medio de este arte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado ningún resultado de &lt;em&gt;cromo&lt;/em&gt; siendo usado en femenino, que indique que en algún momento se intentara usar realmente como acortamiento de &lt;em&gt;cromolitografía&lt;/em&gt;. Y eso que la palabra se escribía como &lt;em&gt;cromo-litografía&lt;/em&gt; allá por el siglo XIX (se encuentran muchos casos en la hemeroteca), lo que habría facilitado el usarla simplemente como &quot;una cromo&quot;. De ahí que deduzca que al decir &quot;un cromo&quot; la gente tuviera en mente el elemento y no la técnica de reproducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción, como bien has comentado, es que la expresión &quot;un cromo&quot; sea en realidad un acortamiento de &quot;un dibujo cromolitográfico&quot;, aunque en el CORDE solo se encuentra un caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La dificultad del &lt;strong&gt;dibujo cromolitográfico&lt;/strong&gt; no estriba solamente en su ejecución material sino tambien en el conocimiento de los efectos que debe producir la impresión por la combinación de colores [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Justo Zapater y Jareño, José García Alcaraz, &quot;Manual de Litografía&quot;, 1878 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque de nuevo hay algunos más en la hemeroteca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si como hacen suponer los acontecimientos, continúa Paris algún tiempo mas en incomunicación, haremos cuanto se pueda por confeccionar algún &lt;strong&gt;dibujo cromolitográfico&lt;/strong&gt; para cañamazo ó alguna otra labor de colores [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Guirnalda (Madrid). 1/5/1871, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y uno que he encontrado de &quot;cuadro cromolitográfico&quot; en NGram que es incluso anterior al primer ejemplo de &quot;un cromo&quot;, lo que daría más validez a esta teoría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;cuadro cromolitográfico&lt;/strong&gt; (núm. 57), de Monsieur Marquier, llamó mucho la atencion de los inteligentes, tanto por la belleza y variedad de los colores, como por la exactitud con que están aplicados con diferentes piedras [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Memoria de la Real Sociedad Económica de La Habana, 1848 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T11:16:11.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T11:16:11.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22459" CreationDate="2017-09-25T11:47:16.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are indeed short and long vowel sounds in Spanish, but they are not phonemic, i. e. they are not contrastive. Vowels tend to become longer when stressed; this is very common across languages. Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Prosody&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;says&lt;/a&gt; &quot;stressed syllables can be up to 50% longer in duration than non-stressed syllables&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Japanese has a vowel quantity contrast but does not have phonemic stress, using one to suggest the other sounds right: it amounts, in fact, to forcing the same correlation between length and stress that is found in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process whereby vowel quantity was lost in Vulgar Latin must have taken quite a long time, but as far as I know Old Spanish already had no trace of vowel quantity. Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin#Loss_of_distinctive_length_and_near-close_mergers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;says&lt;/a&gt; &quot;Length confusions seem to have begun in unstressed vowels, but they were soon generalized.&quot; This is to be expected, since unstressed syllables are usually most prone to loss of phonemic distinctions (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme#Neutralization_and_archiphonemes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neutralization&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Classical Latin, actual length was not the only difference between so-called long and short vowels: as it happens in many other languages, long vowels were also &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenseness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tense&lt;/a&gt; and short vowels were also lax. Mistakes noted by grammarians show that this was so: people tended to mix up short &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; and short &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; (long and short &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; could not be distinguished by tenseness; /a/ lost its quantity contrast when the rest of the vowels did).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end the tense-lax contrast won the game and people started distinguishing vowels only by tenseness and only in stressed syllables. Later the system was simplified even more by conflating (in some branches of Romance) lax &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; with tense &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and lax &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; with tense &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is how Italian and Portuguese got their seven vowels. Spanish went further by diphthongizing the lax vowels in stressed syllables (/e/→/ie/, /o/→/ue/) and merging them with the tense ones elsewhere, ending up with the current five.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now phonemic vowel length exists in a few Romance languages, but in every case it is a new development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T14:45:01.127" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T14:45:01.127" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22435" CreationDate="2017-09-25T11:49:15.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;pregunta de quesito&quot; no se entiende, al menos, en Argentina y Colombia. Quizá tenga que ver con que el Trivial Pursuit no es/fue tan conocido aquí, para empezar, por lo cual el cómo denominar esta clase de pregunta ni siquiera se presentó como interrogante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T13:35:03.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T13:35:03.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19817" CreationDate="2017-09-25T13:16:20.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a proponer, a ver qué opinan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una niña &lt;strong&gt;no muy niña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o quizás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una niña un tanto &lt;strong&gt;andrógina&lt;/strong&gt; (Drae: &quot;Dicho de una persona: De rasgos externos que no se corresponden definidamente con los propios de su sexo&quot;; cf. inglés: &lt;em&gt;androgynous&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que creo que estas opciones tienen es que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;son universales -- se pueden usar en cualquier país o región&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;son términos neutros, que no van a ofender&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quizás por el momento el español oficial no haya ajustado este término todavía, en paralelo con el inglés, pero creo que será necesaria esta evolución dentro de pocos años. La aceptación de la fluidez de género va en aumento, y el lenguaje se ajusta de acuerdo a las necesidades de comunicación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T03:08:50.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T03:08:50.723" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22108" CreationDate="2017-09-25T14:48:26.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Empiezo mencionando un refrán con el que a muchos nos han inculcado esta norma de cortesía: el burro por delante. Existen otras variantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El burro/borrico por delante, para que no se espante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El burro/borrico delante, para que no se espante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El burro/borrico delante para que el asno no se espante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El burro/borrico delante y la carga atrás &lt;a href=&quot;http://hombrerefranero.blogspot.com.co/2011/09/el-burro-delante-para-que-no-se-espante.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una explicación de dicho refrán y su conexión con la costumbre de usar &quot;yo&quot; al final se puede encontrar acá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en la fraseología popular ha solido pesar más la concepción del borrico como un animal algo estúpido. Así, a los que anteponen el &quot;yo&quot; al resto de las personas gramaticales (*yo y tú, por ejemplo), se le dice aquello de &quot;el burro por delante, que no se espante&quot;. Esta costumbre fue bastante común hasta el siglo XVIII, y Cervantes lo coloca antepuesto muchas veces. Sin embargo, la cortesía se fue imponiendo y en siglo XIX casi nadie se saltaba la norma. &lt;a href=&quot;http://ei-talondeaquiles.blogspot.com.co/2012/01/el-burro-por-delante.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este otro sitio &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/biblioteca_fraseologica/n1_cantera/diversidad_09.htm#np168n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/a&gt; se menciona que además de lo relativo a la construcción de las frases, el refrán también inculca la cortesía de anteponer los demás a nosotros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Procede señalar que este dicho «El burro por delante para que no se espante» también se emplea para referirse a quien trata de pasar primero por delante de los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, un ejemplo de como Cervantes anteponía el &quot;yo&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/cervante/dqsb1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DON QVIXOTE DE LA MANCHA, p. 330&lt;/a&gt;, soportando lo que decía una referencia citada anteriormente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que ayer determinamos yo y quatro&#xA;  zagales, los dos criados y los dos amigos mios,&#xA;  de buscarle hasta tanto que le hallemos;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T14:48:26.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-25T15:02:01.803" Score="0" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;El Silmarillion&lt;/em&gt;, alguien ha construido esta oración: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;y tú, Melkor, verás que ningún tema puede tocarse que no tenga en mí&#xA;  su fuente más profunda, y que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nadie puede&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; alterar la música a mi&#xA;  pesar.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, el énfasis está en que &quot;no existe alguien que pueda&quot; en lugar de &quot;todos no pueden&quot;. Por lo tanto yo no creo que esta traducción sea válida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T15:31:52.907" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T15:31:52.907" Title="¿Cuáles son las reglas para &quot;nadie&quot; + indicativo?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22466" CreationDate="2017-09-25T15:28:44.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First things first, that's not subjunctive, that's plain old indicative (present).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation (back) to English of that last sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(...) y que &lt;strong&gt;nadie puede&lt;/strong&gt; alterar la musica a mi pesar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...) and that &lt;strong&gt;nobody can&lt;/strong&gt; alter the music in my despite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're probably being confused by the original using &lt;em&gt;&quot;no theme may be played (...) &lt;strong&gt;nor can any&lt;/strong&gt; alter the music&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, which makes you try to wrongly identify &quot;any&quot; with &lt;em&gt;&quot;nadie&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I hope the simpler version above makes it clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T15:28:44.997" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22524" CreationDate="2017-09-25T18:31:33.910" Score="6" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se usa seguido &lt;em&gt;list&lt;/em&gt; como verbo.  Hoy por primera vez ví lo equivalente en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a ver si encuentro un ejemplo como los que listé en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Choca &lt;em&gt;listar&lt;/em&gt; usado así?  Es decir, ¿se oye como anglicismo forzado?  ¿O ya se acepta en el uso cotidiano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T19:09:58.163" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T11:12:53.050" Title="¿&quot;Listar&quot;, como verbo, choca?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22469" CreationDate="2017-09-25T18:46:37.630" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la lengua lo recoge: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NQK3Wrk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. alistar (‖ inscribir en lista).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1tbcVsk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alistar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Sentar o inscribir en lista a alguien. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que es un uso aceptado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica, nunca lo he oido utilizar (ni &lt;em&gt;alistar&lt;/em&gt; con esa acepción), y &quot;me suena raro&quot; pero creo que se entiende perfectamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17734" LastEditorDisplayName="user17734" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T19:17:06.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T19:17:06.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22469" CreationDate="2017-09-25T19:01:55.290" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí. Choca un poco. Creo que en español favoreceríamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fqp5Qgd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;enumerar&lt;/a&gt; con ese significado, mucho antes que &lt;em&gt;listar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fqp5Qgd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enumerar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Enunciar sucesiva y ordenadamente las partes de un conjunto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aplicado al ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a ver si encuentro un ejemplo como los que &lt;strong&gt;enumeré&lt;/strong&gt; en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros sinónimos podrían ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inventariar,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catalogar,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;detallar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e incluso &amp;quot;registrar&amp;quot;, pero para mi gusto &lt;code&gt;enumerar&lt;/code&gt; es el que mejor se adapta al significado de &lt;code&gt;to list&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T11:12:53.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22440" CreationDate="2017-09-25T22:41:57.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another translation has this version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La simple idea de transformar metales en oro o de descubrir el Elixir de la Larga Vida ya era suficientemente fascinante como para atraer a cualquiera que se iniciara en Magia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up the original, and compared with translations to English, French and German (since I wouldn't be able to judge the subtleties of Portuguese).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Portuguese Version 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A simples idéia de transformar metais em ouro, ou de descobrir o Elixir da Longa Vida, já era fascinante demais para passar despercebida a qualquer iniciante em Magia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Portugues Version 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A simples ideia de transformar metais em ouro, ou de descobrir o Elixir da Longa Vida, já era demasiado fascinante para passar despercebida a qualquer iniciado em Magia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I have no idea why there are two versions.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English, version 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The very idea of transforming metals into gold, or of discovering the Elixir of Life, was too fascinating to pass unnoticed by someone coming face-to-face with magic for the first time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English, Version 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The simple idea of transforming metals into gold, or of discovering the Elixir of Long Life, was already fascinating enough to attract anyone who might make a start in Magic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;French:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La simple idée de transformer des métaux en or ou de découvrir l'Élixir de Longue Vie était plus que fascinante pour attirer n'importe quel apprenti magicien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;German: I can find the book online but the preface is entirely missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initial thoughts: I wonder if &lt;em&gt;demais&lt;/em&gt; is a bit like &lt;em&gt;de más&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de plus&lt;/em&gt;.  Will give this some more thought later.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-30T17:57:05.420" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T17:57:05.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22488" CreationDate="2017-09-26T00:52:56.153" Score="4" ViewCount="835" Body="&lt;p&gt;El modismo &lt;code&gt;to hit the ground running&lt;/code&gt; tiene el significado de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to immediately work hard and successfully at a new activity &lt;sub&gt;Cambridge dictionary&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to begin a venture with great energy, involvement, and competence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to make immediate and rapid progress &lt;sub&gt; Collins dictionary &lt;/sub&gt;&#xA;​&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir &amp;quot;(poder) empezar a trabajar en algo inmediatamente, con ganas, energía y demostrando competencia en la labor a realizar&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;progresar de manera rápida e inmediata&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy frecuente encontrar este modismo en descripciones de trabajo, queriendo expresar que la empresa espera poder contratar a alguien y que esa persona pueda empezar a ser productiva desde el primer día, sin mucha supervisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que en español podríamos decir &amp;quot;empezar con ganas&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;arrancar con fuerza&amp;quot;, pero me pregunto si hay un modismo mejor que recoja el significado de &lt;code&gt;to hit the ground running&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T11:19:32.460" Title="¿Existe un modismo en español equivalente a &quot;to hit the ground running&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22469" CreationDate="2017-09-26T01:54:51.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, pero listar sí choca, pero &quot;enlistar&quot; se usa mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=enlistar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlistar DRAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;enlistar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Méx. alistar (‖ inscribir en lista).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Méx. y R. Dom. reclutar (‖ alistar reclutas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T06:11:04.767" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T06:11:04.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22492" CreationDate="2017-09-26T02:08:40.880" Score="0" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Galerón llanero&lt;/em&gt; es una canción popular del oriente colombiano que en una de sus estrofas dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre los llanos la palma,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sobre la palma los cielos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sobre mi caballo yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y sobre yo mi sombrero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el último verso, ¿cómo deberían ajustarse los pronombres de manera adecuada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T16:36:21.300" Title="¿Cómo deberían ajustarse los pronombres de manera adecuada en el verso &quot;... y sobre yo mi sombrero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22479" CreationDate="2017-09-26T05:36:30.147" Score="3" ViewCount="5755" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la palabra &quot;raíces&quot; la sílaba tónica es la penúltima, haciendo de ella una palabra grave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿por qué lleva acento, si las palabras graves se acentúan cuando no terminan en n, s o vocal y esta palabra términa en &quot;s&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T07:17:20.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:26:51.490" Title="¿Por qué la palabra &quot;raíces&quot; lleva acento?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-09-26T21:40:10.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22493" CreationDate="2017-09-26T06:17:48.840" Score="5" ViewCount="23690" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal estudio, también, señala las propiedades que deben presentar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta así?, o ¿no lleva comas? Incluso, ¿podría llevar sólo la primera coma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T07:02:39.560" LastActivityDate="2021-03-28T20:34:52.470" Title="¿La palabra &quot;también&quot; va entre comas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22477" CreationDate="2017-09-26T06:51:55.787" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí escrito así con comas me suena raro. Mucho mejor sin ellas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal estudio también señala las propiedades...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tal estudio señala también las propiedades...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten en cuenta que el adverbio &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt; no forma un grupo sintáctico por sí solo, sino que siempre necesita acompañar a otra parte de la oración, incluso en el caso de que aparezca solo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Juan también viene?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -También [viene].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no se debe escribir entre comas. Puedes ver multitud de ejemplos en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;. Sigue &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/gramatica/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt; y en el cuadro de búsqueda a la izquierda introduce &quot;también&quot;, y en las opciones a la derecha marca la opción &quot;Curs.&quot; para restringir la búsqueda a casos de ejemplo. Verás frases como las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Léase también que podemos mutar como el camaleón, según desde dónde soplen los vientos...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  También tuvo unas pocas de sofocaciones a cuenta de eso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y también hacían lo que llamaban vida social, especialmente en la avenida Recoleta...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Doña Matilde también tenía su buena noticia que contar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pasada la primera temporada de euforia, también tu tío empezó a tener días malos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que este último ejemplo bien se podría haber redactado como &quot;tu tío también empezó a tener días malos&quot;, solo que en este caso se desplaza &quot;también&quot; al principio de la frase para recalcar que acompaña a &quot;tu tío&quot; más que a &quot;empezó a tener días malos&quot;. Es decir, la coma solo está separando dos frases y no tiene nada que ver con &quot;también&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T07:03:56.643" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:03:56.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2017-09-26T07:26:51.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/14963/1674&quot;&gt;La pregunta enlazada&lt;/a&gt; por @fedorqui en su comentario debería resolver tu problema. El único problema es que tanto el comentario como la respuesta aceptada en la otra pregunta hablan de &quot;romper el diptongo&quot;, sin aclarar que en realidad lo que tenemos en palabras como &lt;em&gt;raíces&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ataúd&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QMQTZaazPlqhayNw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hiatos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los hiatos son secuencias de dos vocales que se pronuncian en sílabas distintas. En español, constituyen hiatos [...] las siguientes combinaciones vocálicas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una vocal cerrada tónica (/i/, /u/) seguida o precedida de una vocal abierta átona (/a/, /e/, /o/): &lt;em&gt;po.d&lt;/em&gt;í.a, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;í.o, &lt;em&gt;des.v&lt;/em&gt;í.e, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;ú.a, &lt;em&gt;pun.t&lt;/em&gt;ú.e, &lt;em&gt;fl&lt;/em&gt;ú.o&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;a.í&lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;e.í&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;e.g&lt;/em&gt;o.í&lt;em&gt;s.ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;a.&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;ú&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;e.ú.&lt;em&gt;cho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fi.n&lt;/em&gt;o.ú.&lt;em&gt;grio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dos vocales abiertas (/a/, /e/, /o/): &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;a.e&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, a.ho.&lt;em&gt;go&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;o.e&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;e.a.&lt;em&gt;tro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bar.ba.c&lt;/em&gt;o.a.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dos vocales iguales: &lt;em&gt;al.b&lt;/em&gt;a.ha.&lt;em&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;e.e.&lt;em&gt;le.gir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;i.i.&lt;em&gt;ta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;o.o&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;u.u&lt;em&gt;n.vi.ra.to&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que la palabra &quot;raíces&quot; entra en el primer caso, de hecho su versión singular aparece como ejemplo de este tipo de hiatos. Comenta también la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE lo siguiente sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KebkjNkZTXmLzCXP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acentuación de los hiatos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las palabras que contienen un hiato formado por una vocal cerrada tónica seguida o precedida por una vocal abierta llevan siempre tilde en la vocal cerrada, con independencia de las reglas generales de acentuación. Por eso se acentúan gráficamente palabras como &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;ía&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sab&lt;/em&gt;ía&lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; [...]; lo mismo ocurre en &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;aí&lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;eí&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, oí&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;aú&lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;a&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;ú&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, que llevan asimismo tilde aun siendo agudas terminadas en consonante distinta de &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;raíces&quot;, sí, es llana acabada en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, pero nótese que dice que estos hiatos llevan tilde &lt;strong&gt;con independencia de las normas generales de acentuación&lt;/strong&gt;. De no llevarla, el hiato se pronunciaría como un diptongo: /rái.ces/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:26:51.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22480" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22481" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" Score="0" Body="Questions about the Spanish Language that could perfectly fit in any other stack of the Stack Exchange network. Preguntas sobre el idioma español que perfectamente podrían preguntarse en otro sitio de la red de Stack Exchange." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:36:21.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22482" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-26T07:45:31.370" Score="2" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;El desarrollo lingüístico de los niños es algo fascinante. Muchas veces no te das cuenta de lo difícil que puede llegar a ser comprender algunos conceptos del idioma por lo profundamente interiorizados que los tenemos... hasta que te toca explicárselos a un niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera fue con nuestro hijo mayor cuando empezó a construir frases simples. Le dio por confundir los pronombres &quot;yo&quot; y &quot;tú&quot;, porque cuando yo decía &quot;yo&quot; me señalaba a mí, y cuando decía &quot;tú&quot; le señalaba a él, y él se pensó que yo me llamaba &quot;yo&quot; y él se llamaba &quot;tú&quot;, y por tanto a mí me decía &quot;yo&quot; y a sí mismo se decía &quot;tú&quot;. Un caos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora con tres años, y tras algunos quebraderos de cabeza, me he dado cuenta de que confunde los significados de los verbos &quot;buscar&quot; y &quot;encontrar&quot;. He llegado a tener algunas peloteras con él dado que cuando le pedía que buscara algo él se frustraba y me decía que &quot;es que yo no lo busco&quot;. Yo pensaba que se estaba rebelando y que no quería buscarlo, cuando lo que me quería decir era que no lograba encontrarlo. He intentado explicárselo por gestos, y jugando con él a esconder y buscar cosas, insistiendo en usar el verbo &quot;buscar&quot; mientras lo busca, y usando &quot;encontrar&quot; cuando efectivamente lo encuentra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que antes o después su cerebro aprenderá la diferencia. En todo caso, me gustaría preguntaros: &lt;strong&gt;¿tan aproximados son los significados de los verbos &quot;buscar&quot; y &quot;encontrar&quot; como para que un niño los confunda? ¿Cómo se le podría explicar a un niño de tres años la diferencia entre ambos, para que aprenda el significado correcto de ambos?&lt;/strong&gt; Incluso para los adultos los significados se pueden solapar: a fin de cuentas, cuando decimos &quot;tengo que buscarlo&quot; y &quot;tengo que encontrarlo&quot;, en realidad con las dos frases estamos queriendo decir lo mismo, las diferencias entre ambas pueden ser más sutiles de lo que parece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T09:26:15.320" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T09:26:15.320" Title="Spanish Language meets Parenting: ¿Cómo explicar la diferencia entre &quot;buscar&quot; y &quot;encontrar&quot; a un niño de tres años?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" ClosedDate="2017-09-29T10:19:07.997" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22483" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:15:35.190" Score="4" ViewCount="1240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, y eliminando las acepciones referentes a drogas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I5m76DG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flipar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;to flip [out]&lt;/em&gt; 'perder el control bajo los efectos de las&#xA;  drogas', 'volverse loco'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Esp. Estar o quedar maravillado o admirado. &lt;em&gt;La gente flipaba CON la música.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Esp. Estar o quedar asombrado o extrañado. &lt;em&gt;Flipamos al saber que fue monja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Esp. Agradar o gustar mucho a alguien. &lt;em&gt;Me flipan las motos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, todas las acepciones marcan el verbo como intransitivo. Además, la acepción 2 admite su uso como pronominal, lo que permite construcciones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente se flipaba con la música.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a menudo se ven construcciones como (parafraseando los ejemplos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente lo flipaba con la música.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo flipamos al saber que fue monja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el verbo es intransitivo, ¿cuál es la función de &quot;lo&quot; en esas frases? ¿Qué es lo que se flipa? ¿Es simplemente un uso incorrecto del verbo &lt;em&gt;flipar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo extraído del CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y con un culo que lo flipas, aunque lo propio sería decir que te cagas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Begoña Ameztoy, &quot;Escuela de mujeres&quot;, 2001 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T11:04:58.037" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T15:32:17.217" Title="¿A qué hace referencia &quot;lo&quot; en &quot;lo flipo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22486" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:22:21.237" Score="5" ViewCount="5496" Body="&lt;p&gt;When and why is this symbol &lt;code&gt;´&lt;/code&gt; used in Spanish words? E.g. &lt;em&gt;producci&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;n, qu&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;, cu&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;nto, viv&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;s, pa&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17624" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T10:36:56.393" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T12:41:18.117" Title="When is this symbol (´) used and why?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-06-16T12:02:30.973" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22484" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:34:44.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acute accent&lt;/a&gt; and is used to mark the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stressed&lt;/a&gt; vowel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T10:34:44.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22484" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:34:52.993" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The (´) symbol is called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZkHNOE8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tilde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NDBxAs#JYLsPnP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish (more specifically: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NDBxAs#6PGgVqI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acento gráfico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NDBxAs#6PKuIGd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acento ortográfico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), and the &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; written by the RAE says the following about its uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UebZEkKWvOxFykod&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in chapter 3.3&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its main use is to specify which syllable of the word is the one stressed. You can see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/663/12637&quot;&gt;here the accentuation rules&lt;/a&gt; for Spanish. So, we can tell apart &lt;em&gt;ánimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;animo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;animó&lt;/em&gt;. This is called &quot;tilde prosódica&quot; (&quot;prosodic accent&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is also used to tell apart words that are written the same but have different functions. So we know that &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dé&lt;/em&gt; are not the same. This is called &quot;tilde diacrítica&quot; (&quot;diacritical accent&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T12:41:18.117" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T12:41:18.117" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22473" CreationDate="2017-09-26T11:19:32.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=hit%20the%20ground%20running&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hit the ground running&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, WordReference tiene una entrada para este modismo y sugiere unas cuantas, dividiéndolas en dos tipos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para cuando empiezas con mucho entusiasmo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acometer con ilusión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arrancar a toda marcha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para cuando empiezas siendo plenamente competente en la materia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;empezar con el pie derecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero dejar de destacar que en la sección de discusiones relacionadas encuentro un par de expresiones que podrían encajar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coger el toro por los cachos &lt;sub&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/hit-the-ground-running.424813/#post-2469127&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;referencia&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llegando el payaso y soltando la risa &lt;sub&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/hit-the-ground-running.158927/#post-11187350&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;referencia&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera en España la diríamos &lt;em&gt;coger el toro por los cuernos&lt;/em&gt; y es algo más genérica, pues se usa para designar el acto de acometer una empresa difícil, sin ambages ni procrastinaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/10749-viendo-el-payaso-soltando-la-risa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece&lt;/a&gt; que tiene un significado distinto y en Costa Rica se refiere a cerrar tratos. La dejo aquí por si alguien puede dar más datos al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T11:19:32.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22483" CreationDate="2017-09-26T13:59:36.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la lista de acepciones del a RAE no es del todo completa. Creo que muchas veces se usa &quot;flipar&quot; con el sentido de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=28fwlxV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alucinar&lt;/a&gt;, que sí es transitivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Sorprender, asombrar, deslumbrar. U. t. c. intr. y c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. coloq. Arg. Fantasear, imaginar vivamente algo. Aluciné que viajaba por el espacio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Confundirse, desvariar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adaptado a los ejemplos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente &lt;strong&gt;alucinó&lt;/strong&gt; con la música. &lt;sub&gt;Se sorprendió o asombró con la música&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alucinamos&lt;/strong&gt; al saber que fue monja.&lt;sub&gt;Nos sorprendimos y asombramos con la noticia&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;alucinan&lt;/strong&gt; las motos. &lt;sub&gt;me gustan las motos hasta el punto del asombro, la fantasía o el desvarío&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y con un culo que lo &lt;strong&gt;alucinas&lt;/strong&gt;[...] &lt;sub&gt;asombro, desvarío, un culo que deslumbra&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso entiendo que en muchos casos se usa &lt;code&gt;flipar&lt;/code&gt; con un significado parecido a este &lt;code&gt;alucinar&lt;/code&gt; (transitivo en incluso pronominal), y por eso se incluye el &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;. Es como un &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; entiendo&quot; (&quot;absorbo esta información y &lt;em&gt;comprendo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;), pero que quiere decir &quot;absorbo esta información y me hace &lt;em&gt;flipar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;alucinar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T14:35:47.007" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T14:35:47.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2017-09-26T16:18:56.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it ever inappropriate (by situation or geography) to ask to be referred to in the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form instead of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: This answer could be very specific to a region but still answers this part of the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed it could be inappropriate in some cases. &#xA;I live in Colombia and, even when this is not the case in the whole country, I use &quot;usted&quot; in most cases. It's not always a matter of &quot;formality&quot; and distance, as I use it even with my family and close friends. It's a bit complex to explain because I do use also &quot;tú&quot;, specially with women friends in spoken language, or in other contexts like this site, it's more natural for me to use &quot;tú&quot; when I write. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People from other regions use &quot;tú&quot; even in a work environment. For example my boss uses &quot;tú&quot; or &quot;vos&quot; (another informal variant) with me. I always use &quot;usted&quot; to reply to him, and it'd be a bit uncomfortable if he asked me to use &quot;tú&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'd say that in most cases it'd be ok to ask someone to use &quot;tú&quot; with you, but there is also the possibility that some people (like me), depending on their region of origin, could feel a bit uncomfortable doing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T02:58:04.340" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T02:58:04.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22475" CreationDate="2017-09-26T16:36:21.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En prosa o en verso, la forma gramaticalmente correcta de la última proposición sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;y sobre mí mi sombrero.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es así debido a que detrás de las preposiciones los pronombres personales van en la forma objeto tónica: &lt;em&gt;mí, ti, él, ella, ello, sí, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ustedes, ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt; (en el caso de &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;, por un accidente histórico se escribe &lt;em&gt;conmigo, contigo, consigo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que en la canción se usa &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, aunque esté gramaticalmente mal, para repetir el &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; del verso anterior. (En la poesía y la canción se permiten muchas veces licencias de esta clase.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T16:36:21.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22477" CreationDate="2017-09-26T20:29:11.270" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿podría llevar sólo la primera coma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer mención especial a esta pregunta porque es un error que, a mi modo de ver, es bastante común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal estudio, también señala las propiedades que deben presentar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta frase el sujeto [Tal estudio] está separado verbo [señala] a través de una coma. Esto es un error, como se explica &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.1. Es incorrecto escribir coma entre el sujeto y el verbo de una oración, incluso cuando el sujeto está compuesto de varios elementos separados por comas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos de uso correcto e incorrecto de la coma en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/la-coma-criminal/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fundeu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T20:29:11.270" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-27T01:24:57.617" Score="6" ViewCount="3456" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;With a grain of salt&amp;quot; es un modismo que quiere decir que algo debe tomarse con cierto escepticismo o distancia del asunto. Quizá incluso un poco &lt;em&gt;a la ligera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;(With) a grain of salt&amp;quot;, (or &amp;quot;a pinch of salt&amp;quot;) is an idiom of the English language, which means to view something with skepticism or not to interpret something literally&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain_of_salt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español se usa a veces el &lt;em&gt;latinismo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;cum grano salis&lt;/strong&gt; con el mismo significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La locución latina cum grano salis traducida literalmente significa &amp;quot;con un grano de sal&amp;quot; y figuradamente parece significar que uno debe aplicar una capa de &lt;strong&gt;sano escepticismo&lt;/strong&gt; a una determinada afirmación y &lt;strong&gt;no darla por certeza absoluta&lt;/strong&gt; sin haberla contrastado antes debidamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cum_grano_salis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Más wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero indica también esta entrada que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en otras lenguas europeas, como en alemán, la locución [&amp;quot;cum grano salis&amp;quot;] se utiliza en ese &lt;strong&gt;sentido escéptico e irónico&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras en español, según el DRAE,​ &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JTLT03z&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;con su grano de sal&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; significaría: &amp;quot;Dicho de tratarse y gobernarse, especialmente un punto arduo y delicado: Con prudencia, madurez y reflexión.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá en esta diferencia pesen los usos gastronómicos (&amp;quot;una pizca de sal&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;no pasarse con la sal&amp;quot;) y por los que tomara en España el significado de &amp;quot;con moderación&amp;quot;. Pero éste no es, sin embargo, el significado que se desprende de la cita [original de Plinio &amp;quot;cum grano salis&amp;quot;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo entonces que la traducción literal significa &lt;code&gt;Con prudencia, madurez y reflexión&lt;/code&gt;, ¿qué otros modismos hay en español que tengan el significado de &amp;quot;with a grain of salt&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;cum grano salis&amp;quot;? Es decir, &amp;quot;tomar una cierta afirmación con cierto escepticismo y prudencia&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user17734" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T07:21:15.180" Title="¿Hay un modismo equivalente a &quot;with a grain of salt&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22483" CreationDate="2017-09-27T01:29:43.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Buenas! A mi parecer es una forma de expresarse. A lo que está haciendo referencia con &quot;lo flipas&quot;, es como decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Lo sientes&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es un equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Lo vas a sentir&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Te vas a sorprender&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como decía en comentarios. Tengo entendido que no es congruente el &quot;lo&quot;, para el significado implícito de la expresión, pero a mi entender, parecería un mal uso del gramatical del &quot;lo&quot;, ya que la expresión en sí es coloquial. Como podemos suponer, dichas expresiones no suelen respetar las reglas gramaticales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como bien dices, estas frases suelen provenir de frases o bien de ideas bien planteadas, que con el tiempo se deforman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11037" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T15:32:17.217" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T15:32:17.217" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22482" CreationDate="2017-09-27T01:36:56.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en México se dice más &lt;strong&gt;&quot;encontrar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, que &lt;strong&gt;&quot;buscar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Básicamente ambas palabras conducen a lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diferencio las dos palabras de este modo, puede que me equivoque:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Buscar:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Movilizarse para encontrar algo perdido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Encontrar:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hallar algo. (no implica una búsqueda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscar es moverse para encontrar algo perdido, y encontrar no implica un emprendimiento, uno puede encontrar algo sin haberlo buscado.&#xA;      Insisto, uno busca algo que se le pierde, esto se puede encontrar o no. Pero encontrar no implica una búsqueda necesariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T01:36:56.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22500" CreationDate="2017-09-27T02:35:53.767" Score="11" ViewCount="1528" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí la palabra &lt;strong&gt;bebé&lt;/strong&gt; siempre ha sido gramaticalmente masculino, sea niño o niña.  Así, de hecho, lo recoge el DLE (énfasis mío)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Niño &lt;strong&gt;o niña&lt;/strong&gt; recién nacido o de muy corta edad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, en el libro que usamos en mi universidad para enseñar el idioma, en varias actividades hay frases de tipo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Laura cuida a &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; bebé.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La&lt;/em&gt; bebé necesita comida.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El padre ama a &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; bebé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, estas frases son completamente incorrectas, precisando cada una del artículo masculino &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;, aun si el bebé es una niña, ya que es un epiceno masculino.  Obviamente, en algún lugar, parece que alguien debe considerarlo común en género (como &lt;em&gt;estudiante&lt;/em&gt; que varía libremente entre géneros sin modificación).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta… ¿de qué genero es &lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Lo tiene correcto o no el DLE?  Y si hay diferencias geográficas o dialectales, ¿cuáles son?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:36:11.693" Title="Bebé: ¿de qué género es?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22482" CreationDate="2017-09-27T03:57:02.340" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que tienes dos hijos.  Qué bien.  Tendrás la oportunidad de probar algo diferente con hijo número dos: No uses pronombres hasta que el niño esté listo.  Generalmente empieza esta etapa alrededor de los tres años.  Ejemplo (suponiendo que tu hijo se llama Felipe):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú: Papá está cansado.  Felipe va a leer ahora [contar la historia&#xA;de un librito bien conocido].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Felipe: Sí, sí, Felipe lee.  (Felipe &amp;quot;lee&amp;quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú: Felipe lee muy bien.  ¡Gracias por leerme el cuento, Felipe!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando sientas que ya es el momento, podrías jugar &amp;quot;Yo Tarzán, tú Jane&amp;quot;.  Señalando con un dedo en el pecho, columpiando, dándote golpes en el pecho, con much teatro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Un poco de filosofía&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ingredientes básicos que te van a ayudar a divertirte más y tener menos frustración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;juego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;risa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;paciencia -- entre más lees de las fases de desarrollo infantil, más paciencia tendrás, mientras esperas que el niño llegue al punto de poder captar cierto concepto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis hijos son trilingües y al principio me limité a una meta muy sencilla: que nos entendiéramos, a como diera lugar.  Yo cedí mucho más que ellos, aceptando muchos &amp;quot;errores&amp;quot;, con tal de que pudiéramos entendernos, quién sabe cómo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si observas con cuidado, podrás percatar momentos en que el niño está listo para mejorar su manejo del idioma en cierto aspecto.  En ese momento, usa esas palabras o construcciones delante de él para meter lo correcto en su oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay que dar correcciones, sino simplemente modelar lo correcto, haciendo preguntas.  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Niño (4 años): ¡Yo sí sabo dónde está!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú: ¿Ah, sí?  ¿Sabes dónde está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Niño: ¡Sí, sí!  ¡Yo sí sabo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú: ¿Y yo?  ¿Yo también sé dónde está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y déjalo ahí.  Modelaste lo correcto -- misión cumplida.  No te metas en discusiones necias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para separar &lt;em&gt;buscar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt;: jugar a escondidas con mil variantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras tanto, si tú sabes que tu hijo confunde dos palabras, trata de captar &lt;em&gt;su idea&lt;/em&gt; sin &lt;em&gt;nitpicking&lt;/em&gt;.  Escucha con el corazón, no como lingüista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres, puedes aunar caras y gestos a las palabras difíciles.  Buscar: preocupación; pon una mano en la frente, palma abajo, como si hiciera mucho sol.  Encontrar: gran alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No dés exlicaciones lógicas.  Eso sería dar correciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas en negritas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tan aproximados son los significados de los verbos &amp;quot;buscar&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;encontrar&amp;quot; como para que un niño los confunda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, evidentemente, ya que tu hijo los confundió, sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se le podría explicar a un niño de tres años la diferencia entre ambos, para que aprenda el significado correcto de ambos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con juegos, como ya describí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aunar caras y gestos a las palabras difíciles. Buscar: preocupación; pon una mano en la frente, palma abajo, como si hiciera mucho sol. Encontrar: gran alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jugar a escondidas con mil variantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T13:49:19.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31336" CreationDate="2017-09-27T04:31:06.717" Score="7" ViewCount="12914" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase, ¿es necesaria la coma antes de &lt;em&gt;respectivamente&lt;/em&gt;? Me parece que no debe llevarla, pero he visto muchos ejemplos parecidos donde la colocan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los valores de desempeño corresponden a 80% y 90% para inglés y español, &lt;strong&gt;respectivamente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T06:09:46.883" LastActivityDate="2019-08-28T17:52:23.970" Title="¿Se usa coma antes de &quot;respectivamente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22497" CreationDate="2017-09-27T05:13:37.930" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el DLE recoge  &lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt; como masculino, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=beb%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DPD&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge tanto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bebe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. &lt;strong&gt;En España&lt;/strong&gt;, bebé funciona generalmente como &lt;strong&gt;sustantivo epiceno masculino&lt;/strong&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;género&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg#1b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1b&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«En la mochila de Carolina apareció un bebé muerto. La niña era de Carolina»&lt;/em&gt; (Mundo [Esp.] 20.11.96);  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en América&lt;/strong&gt;, salvo en los países del Río de la Plata (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=beb%E9#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;), tanto la forma aguda como la llana &lt;strong&gt;se usan a menudo como sustantivos comunes en cuanto al género&lt;/strong&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;género&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg#1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1a&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Dijo que &lt;strong&gt;la bebé&lt;/strong&gt; estaba viva»&lt;/em&gt; (Tiempo [Col.] 16.11.94);  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Tanto la madre como &lt;strong&gt;la bebe&lt;/strong&gt; fueron trasladadas al hospital»&lt;/em&gt; (DAméricas [EE. UU.] 14.4.97).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que en América sí es correcto (o al menos usual) la forma &lt;strong&gt;la bebé&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según comenta @blonfu, en el Diccionario de Americanismos la palabra &lt;em&gt;llana&lt;/em&gt; tiene &lt;strong&gt;los dos géneros con diferente terminación: bebe y beba&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17734" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user17734" LastEditDate="2018-07-29T21:52:59.883" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T21:52:59.883" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22494" CreationDate="2017-09-27T06:59:07.790" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que no aparece en el DLE, con el sentido de &quot;tomar una cierta afirmación con cierto escepticismo y prudencia&quot; tenemos en español la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coger/tomar algo con pinzas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se desprende del hecho de tener que sujetar con pinzas algo que se quiere examinar para poder observarlo mejor (al microscopio, con una lupa, etc.), o algo que no se quiere tocar con las manos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí un uso &lt;strong&gt;literal&lt;/strong&gt; de la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] hasta que llegaron a ser tan minúsculos esos objetos y esas ropas, Madre Benita, que hay que tomarlas con pinzas y mirarlas con lupa para apreciar la suntuosidad maniática de sus detalles.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Donoso, &quot;El obsceno pájaro de la noche&quot;, 1970 (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí un uso &lt;strong&gt;figurado&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don Julio, como un Lapidario medioeval, había de coger cada palabra, como con pinzas, y no admitirla y ponerla en circulación, hasta llegar a la convicción absoluta de que esa palabra —cada palabra— era entendida exactamente igual en Madrid, que en Buenos Aires, Caracas, Méjico.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María Pemán, &quot;Mis almuerzos con gente importante&quot;, 1970 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un ejemplo más reciente que ya omite el uso de &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; para indicar la comparación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Semejanza (sema común, al menos) y sustitución coinciden con las nociones clásicas en que Aristóteles sustenta la metáfora -traslación y analogía-, si bien de sus propias palabras podemos advertir que la noción de semejanza o analogía debe cogerse con pinzas: [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alberto Carrere, José Saborit, &quot;Retórica de la pintura&quot;, 2000 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la versión más usada en Hispanoamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por aquella época empezaría a cuestionar un montón de insensateces que son moneda corriente de nuestra sociedad, o dicho de otra manera, tomaba con pinzas las opiniones unánimemente aceptadas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rodolfo Bojorge, &quot;La aventura submarina. Equipo, técnicas y experiencias&quot;, 1992 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T07:21:15.180" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T07:21:15.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22503" CreationDate="2017-09-27T07:53:19.690" Score="11" ViewCount="12632" Body="&lt;p&gt;The song &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EqPtz5qN7HM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hotel California&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by The Eagles starts with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Warm smell of &lt;strong&gt;colitas&lt;/strong&gt;, rising up through the air&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a Spanish native speaker from Spain, I cannot understand what &lt;em&gt;colitas&lt;/em&gt; means in this context. To me, this word means &amp;quot;little tail&amp;quot;, as in, when a person with long hair wears it in a pony tail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in countries like Argentina, I know that &lt;em&gt;cola&lt;/em&gt; also means &amp;quot;ass&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this song is most probably influenced by Mexican Spanish, so I went and looked for slang meanings of the word. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Cola.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;AsíHablamos&lt;/a&gt; reveals tons of results and, for example, it says that in Mexico it can mean either &amp;quot;pussy&amp;quot; (vagina, slang) or &amp;quot;soda&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vagina, dicho en clases bajas y medias bajas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bebida gaseosa, pegamento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, a &amp;quot;warm smell of colitas&amp;quot; wouldn't match any of these words (well... no, no).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, assuming this is a Mexican Spanish word, what is its meaning? Is it still being used in the slang context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T17:31:29.173" Title="What does &quot;colitas&quot; used in &quot;Hotel California&quot; mean in Mexican Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22502" CreationDate="2017-09-27T08:05:48.590" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the most voted answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://musicfans.stackexchange.com/questions/522/in-the-song-hotel-california-by-the-eagles-what-are-colitas&quot;&gt;this very same question on Musicfans.SE&lt;/a&gt;, a &quot;colita&quot; is basically a joint (the marijuana kind):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The way I heard it, one of the guys on their road crew, who was Latino, told Henley and Frey that &quot;colitas&quot; meant &quot;little buds&quot; in Spanish. As in, marijuana buds. So, in that lyric they're describing driving down the highway smoking weed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comments even cite &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_California#Conjectures&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, which supports this interpretation among others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The term &quot;colitas&quot; in the first stanza (&quot;warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air&quot;) has been interpreted as a sexual slang or a reference to marijuana. &quot;Colitas&quot; means &quot;little tails&quot; in Spanish; &lt;strong&gt;in Mexican slang it refers to buds of the cannabis (marijuana) plant. According to Glenn Frey, the &quot;warm smell&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;colitas...it means little tails, the very top of the plant.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; The Eagles' manager Irving Azoff appears to lend support to the marijuana hypothesis&lt;/strong&gt;, however, Felder said: &quot;The colitas is a plant that grows in the desert that blooms at night, and it has this kind of pungent, almost funky smell. Don Henley came up with a lot of the lyrics for that song, and he came up with colitas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This theory might be supported in-song by the &quot;experiences&quot; they have later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T08:13:15.847" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T08:13:15.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22505" CreationDate="2017-09-27T09:37:47.497" Score="6" ViewCount="2245" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en un titular de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.astrofisicayfisica.com/2010/04/estrellas-de-neutrones-podrian-acretar.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una publicación científica&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estrellas de neutrones podrían acretar materia oscura hasta convertirse en agujeros negros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que el verbo tiene que ver con el término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0aqcwO5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acreción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, recogido por el DLE con el significado de &quot;crecimiento por adición de materia&quot;. Sin embargo, el DLE no recoge la voz &lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;, aunque por el contexto entiendo que significa lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0CjIsyE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;absorber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que debe de haber alguna sutil diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;absorber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, ¿qué significa exactamente &lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;? ¿En qué se diferencia de &lt;em&gt;absorber&lt;/em&gt;? En caso de haber diferencias, ¿existe alguna alternativa en el DLE cuyo significado se asemeje más al de &lt;em&gt;acrecer&lt;/em&gt;? Y por último, &lt;em&gt;acreción&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;accretio&lt;/em&gt;, pero ¿y &lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cómo ha llegado al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T15:18:27.053" Title="¿Qué significa exactamente &quot;acretar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22504" CreationDate="2017-09-27T10:36:19.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que absorber no es exactamente lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0CjIsyE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;absorber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dicho de una sustancia sólida o de un líquido: Atraer y retener, respectivamente, un líquido o un gas o vapor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se absorbe un líquido o un gas pero no sólidos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso acretar podría ser añadir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30pOaVr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;añadir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Agregar, incorporar algo a otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Aumentar, acrecentar, ampliar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incorporar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LJZZNZJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;incorporar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Unir una persona o una cosa a otra u otras para que haga un todo con ellas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el glosario de astronomía.com dicen de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.astromia.com/glosario/acrecion.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acreción&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es la agregación de materia a un cuerpo. Por ejemplo, la acreción de&#xA;  masa por una estrella es la adición de masa a la estrella a partir de&#xA;  materia interestelar o de una compañera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo acretar no lo encuentro en ningún diccionario, yo personalmente usaría &lt;em&gt;incorporar&lt;/em&gt; en la frase del ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estrellas de neutrones podrían &lt;strong&gt;incorporar&lt;/strong&gt; materia oscura hasta&#xA;  convertirse en agujeros negros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la web de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sea-astronomia.es/drupal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sociedad astronómica española&lt;/a&gt; hay un artículo interesante que habla del tema. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sea-astronomia.es/drupal/sites/default/files/archivos/descubre/AstronomiA%20156%20-%20TERMINOLOGIA%20ASTRONOMICA%20-%20JUNIO%202012.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; el original en PDF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recojo un par de fragmentos del artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para este proceso en muchas lenguas se usa un término derivado del&#xA;  latín &lt;em&gt;accretio&lt;/em&gt;, que significa «crecimiento» o «aumento». La comisión&#xA;  ha detectado dos alternativas en castellano para este concepto:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;acreción&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;acrecimiento&lt;/em&gt;. Tradicionalmente solo constaba en el&#xA;  Diccionario de la Real Academia &lt;em&gt;acrecimiento&lt;/em&gt;, derivado natural del&#xA;  verbo &lt;em&gt;acrecer&lt;/em&gt;, que la RAE define como «hacer mayor, aumentar», si bien&#xA;  se trata de un término de uso sobre todo legal. Por otra parte,&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;acreción&lt;/em&gt; ha sido muy utilizado en astronomía y otras disciplinas, como&#xA;  geología, meteorología o biología, para procesos de crecimiento por&#xA;  añadido de partículas pequeñas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras que lo formalmente correcto sería &lt;em&gt;acrecer&lt;/em&gt;, a veces se&#xA;  encuentra &lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;, pero en ambos casos las dudas sobre la corrección&#xA;  formal, el significado o la transitividad de los verbos hacen&#xA;  aconsejable evitarlos, a favor de giros no demasiado complicados como&#xA;  «incorporar materia», «acumular gas», «agregar fragmentos», o&#xA;  similares&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T10:55:12.507" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T10:55:12.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22504" CreationDate="2017-09-27T10:57:35.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aun cuando fuera un verbo real, creo que está mal usado. En el ejemplo, se usa &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; de manera similar a &amp;quot;acumular&amp;quot;, pero usarlo así traiciona el significado de &amp;quot;acreción&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos claro que &amp;quot;acreción&amp;quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=acreci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acreción&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Crecimiento por adición de materia, como en los depósitos minerales o los continentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahroa bien, si definimos &amp;quot;acreción&amp;quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? &lt;strong&gt;acreción&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de &lt;strong&gt;acretar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y movemos la carga semántica al verbo, entonces &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;acretar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; significaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? &lt;strong&gt;acretar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Crecer una cosa por adición de materia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;sería un verbo intransitivo&lt;/strong&gt; a todas luces, igual que el propio verbo &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=crecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;crecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; en el que se basa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sería válido decir entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las estrellas podrían acretar Ⓧmateria oscura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque &amp;quot;materia oscura&amp;quot; no puede actuar como objeto directo: tiene que ir como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_circunstancial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento circunstancial&lt;/a&gt; de modo o de instrumento.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Lo correcto (suponiendo que fuese un verbo real, cosa que no es) sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las estrellas podrían acretar &lt;em&gt;usando&lt;/em&gt; materia oscura.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Las estrellas podrían acretar &lt;em&gt;mediante&lt;/em&gt; materia oscura.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Las estrellas podrían acretar &lt;em&gt;gracias a&lt;/em&gt; la materia oscura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T15:18:27.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22497" CreationDate="2017-09-27T12:52:22.120" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como complemento a lo respondido más arriba con base al DPD, una nota sobre la región rioplatense. Por estos lados &lt;em&gt;el bebé&lt;/em&gt; refiere siempre a un varón; el femenino es &lt;em&gt;la bebé&lt;/em&gt; o, más comúnmente, &lt;em&gt;la beba&lt;/em&gt;. Los diminutivos son &lt;em&gt;bebito&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bebita&lt;/em&gt;. En base a lo que se ve en medios de prensa, esto parece ser así tanto en Argentina como en Uruguay y Paraguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no tengo una fuente, añadiría que la forma &lt;em&gt;bebe&lt;/em&gt; (acentuación llana o grave) es una innovación. Existe en el habla porteña (de la ciudad de Buenos Aires), asociada al registro de la clase media-alta, pero no más al interior de la región (por ejemplo, en Rosario, a 300 km de Buenos Aires) ni tampoco del otro lado del río, en Montevideo. De hecho, la primera vez que la vi en un diario en línea pensé que se trataba de un error tipográfico; hasta el día de hoy los medios porteños emplean ambas formas sin criterio claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T04:36:11.693" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:36:11.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22499" CreationDate="2017-09-27T13:38:14.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultando el DPD, la única norma que podría aplicar, sería esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;COMA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Usos lingüísticos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2. Para separar o aislar elementos u oraciones dentro de un mismo enunciado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2.11.&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe coma detrás de determinados enlaces como &lt;em&gt;esto es, es decir, a saber, pues bien, ahora bien, en primer lugar, por un/otro lado, por una/otra parte, en fin, por último, además, con todo, en tal caso, sin embargo, no obstante, por el contrario, en cambio&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares, así como detrás de muchos adverbios o locuciones adverbiales que modifican a toda la oración y no solo a uno de sus elementos, como &lt;em&gt;efectivamente, generalmente, naturalmente, por regla general&lt;/em&gt;, etc.: &lt;em&gt;Por lo tanto, los que no tengan invitación no podrán entrar al recinto; no obstante, podrán seguir el acto a través de pantallas instaladas en el exterior. Naturalmente, los invitados deben vestir de etiqueta.&lt;/em&gt; Si estas expresiones van en medio de la oración, se escriben entre comas: &lt;em&gt;Estas palabras son sinónimas, es decir, significan lo mismo; los antónimos, en cambio, tienen significados opuestos.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No menciona el adverbio &quot;respectivamente&quot; de manera explícita, es cierto; pero si haces una búsqueda de texto por &quot;respectivamente&quot; en cualquier (otro) artículo del propio DPD, podrás confirmar que siempre va precedida y/o seguida de sendas comas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se entiende entonces que &lt;strong&gt;sí, siempre se pone coma antes de &lt;em&gt;respectivamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T13:38:14.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22499" CreationDate="2017-09-27T13:44:24.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo ejemplos de su uso en la RAE se puede deducir que al menos usar la coma no es incorrecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sustantivos que designan la voz que emite el gato son maullido y mayido, respectivamente. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=48my7ob3UD6UaFJtWl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El plural es bereberes y beréberes, respectivamente.&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=RVB5BqWekD62kWhaTn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en estos casos debió decirse rivales encarnizados y encarnizamiento médico, respectivamente.&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=encarnizar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay ejemplos donde no la usan [editado para usar un ejemplo de la RAE]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice berrido y chasquido (no *berreído y *chasqueído) porque estos sustantivos proceden de berrar y chascar respectivamente ...&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/z.cgi?t=5235822578270510618132232&amp;amp;s=1&amp;amp;ap=5.9l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me suena mejor con la coma, pero no tengo una explicación del porqué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T14:59:28.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22511" CreationDate="2017-09-27T14:10:47.637" Score="6" ViewCount="4310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues eso. Al menos en España, es bastante habitual decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vaya un &lt;strong&gt;trancazo&lt;/strong&gt; he pillado :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para indicar que hemos cogido un resfriado, una gripe, o similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que no esperaba encontrarlo en el diccionario con esa acepción, pero sí, ahí está:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=trancazo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trancazo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. gripe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Desde cuándo tiene esta palabra dicha acepción? ¿Cuál es el origen? ¿Se entiende fuera de España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:18:45.597" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:18:45.597" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;trancazo&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;gripe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22510" CreationDate="2017-09-27T14:31:15.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues nos vamos a tener que ir un poco más lejos de lo que pensaba. Tenemos esta palabra en el DLE desde... ¡1899! Antes de esa fecha, en 1895 también aparece un sentido figurado de &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario de Zerolo, pero con el significado de &quot;dengue&quot; (que, en el mismo diccionario, se definía como &quot;fiebre epidémica especial que también se llama &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;influenza&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su origen, un &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; es un golpe, y se usaba tanto en su sentido real como en el figurado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú, con esas ilusiones tontas y esa manía de verlo todo color de rosa, me haces un daño horrible, porque viene luego el trancazo de la realidad, y todo se vuelve negro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Miau&quot;, 1888 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que es normal que una enfermedad que te deja en la cama como si te hubieran molido a palos se denominara así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fiebres sinocales se desarrollan á veces endémica y epidémicamente sin que podamos explicarnos el motivo de esto ni de lo particular de sus manifestaciones, de su marcha y de lo lento de su convalecencia, como sucedió con la enfermedad que los andaluces denominaron dengue ó trancazo, de la que quedaban algunos que la habían padecido en una situacion molesta y de larga duracion con una ineptitud para el ejercicio y aun el menor movimiento y en un estado moral de abatimiento (sin duda este fué el motivo de la denominacion estravagante), que hacía interminables las reposiciones de estados morbosos que ni un momento quizá pusieron en peligro á los calenturientos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ecequiel Martín de Pedro, &quot;Manual de Patología y clínica médicas&quot;, 1876 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este último texto podemos ver que la denominación &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como cita el Zerolo, al principio se usaba para el &lt;em&gt;dengue&lt;/em&gt; y se originó en Andalucía, por el motivo que ya había supuesto (el estado de cansancio físico y de abatimiento en el que se sume el paciente). Nótese, en todo caso, que por entonces el &lt;em&gt;dengue&lt;/em&gt; era una voz usada para denominar lo mismo que el &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; o la &lt;em&gt;grippe&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho &lt;em&gt;dengue&lt;/em&gt; fue un término inventado en Cádiz, &quot;viendo los hijos de aquella tierra que los atacados [por el &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt;] &lt;em&gt;se ponían &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CBY6rnn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dengosos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001360618&amp;amp;page=2&amp;amp;search=trancazo%20dengue&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;). Se confirma viendo este texto en el que se usa &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; para describir los síntomas de un resfriado, no del &lt;em&gt;dengue&lt;/em&gt; tal y como lo conocemos hoy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He tenido estos días una especie de &quot;trancazo&quot; algo molesto -enfermedad del tiempo-, y aunque con la comodidad y regalo de la casa materna se va aliviando, todavía estoy algo flojo e intermitente para todos los quehaceres, y esto mismo ha ido dilatando mi vuelta a ésa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, &quot;Carta de 15 de enero de 1902&quot;, 1902 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso médicos famosos han usado la palabra en sus libros usando el mismo símil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la gripe, la raquialgia es menos intensa y se acompaña de dolores en otras regiones (dolor de &quot;paliza&quot;, de &quot;trancazo&quot;). Se trata de dolores musculares.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gregorio Marañón, &quot;Manual de diagnóstico etiológico&quot;, 1943 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, no encuentro referencias acerca de por qué los andaluces denominaron &lt;em&gt;trancazo&lt;/em&gt; a esta dolencia, más allá de porque los ataques eran generalmente repentinos y desprovistos de síntomas premonitorios (&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003503096&amp;amp;page=9&amp;amp;search=trancazo%20dengue&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;). Vamos, que te golpeaba sin avisar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T15:01:01.137" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T15:01:01.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22512" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-27T19:18:30.010" Score="3" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does it mean if a person from Spain calls a girl &quot;mongólica&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Susan es &lt;em&gt;mongólica&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this mean exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17756" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T23:49:38.897" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T00:21:45.103" Title="Meaning of &quot;mongólica&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22513" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22519" CreationDate="2017-09-27T19:28:03.990" Score="4" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya se ha hecho antes la pregunta acerca de la diferencia entre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17945/is-there-a-difference-between-poco-and-un-poco&quot;&gt;&quot;poco&quot; y &quot;un poco&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las respuestas allí son claras y concuerdo con ellas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi problema es que en determinados usos, le doy a &quot;un poco&quot; un significado opuesto. Por ejemplo, para mí esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay un poco de periodistas en la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede significar que hay &lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt; periodistas en la calle. Algunas veces había pensado en eso y en lo particular que era esa palabra, por poder significar cosas tan distintas. Sin embargo, no fue hasta hoy que se me ocurrió que es probable que siempre haya usado esa forma de manera equivocada. En la RAE no encuentro indicio del uso que le he dado. ¿En algun contexto/región puede &quot;un poco&quot; significar mucho? ¿O estoy solo con mi error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T08:09:31.863" LastActivityDate="2020-06-04T17:57:04.690" Title="¿Puede &quot;un poco&quot; significar &quot;mucho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22512" CreationDate="2017-09-27T19:45:31.957" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a derogatory term for a person who is a bit &amp;quot;dumb&amp;quot;. The literal meaning can be found here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pe8WQle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mongólico, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que padece mongolismo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mongolismo refers means &amp;quot;Down's Syndrome&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when a person uses the term &amp;quot;mongóloco/a&amp;quot;, they don't mean literally that the other person sufers &amp;quot;Down's Syndrome&amp;quot; but that the person has reduced mental capacities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T00:21:45.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18345" CreationDate="2017-09-27T21:26:11.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de mandado en Cuba es un poco más amplio. &quot;Hacer un mandado&quot; o &quot;Ir a un mandado&quot; es ir a hacer una gestión (Ir de compras es un ejemplo). Esta gestión puede ser algo que alguien te mandó a hacer. Por ejemplo una madre que manda al hijo a comprar o buscar algo. Por eso al preguntar por alguien puede que te respondan: fue a un mandado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los mandados son los productos racionados y subvencionados que se venden a toda la población normalmente una vez al mes.&#xA;&quot;Fui a comprar los mandados&quot;&#xA;&quot;Ya llegaron los mandados&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17757" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T01:03:57.257" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T01:03:57.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23131" CreationDate="2017-09-28T02:58:36.847" Score="5" ViewCount="390" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;decoupage&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;découpage&lt;/strong&gt;) tiene su origen en la palabra francesa &lt;em&gt;découper&lt;/em&gt;, que significa recortar. Se trata de una técnica manual decorativa en la que se emplean papeles impresos o telas para pegar sobre soportes varios como madera, cerámicos, metales, velas, jabones, vidrios, lozas y cartón entre otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupage&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el término (ni &lt;em&gt;decoupage&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;découpage&lt;/em&gt;) aparece recogido en el DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, una de dos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) El término existe y se usa, pero no está recogido en el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Esta entrada de Wikipedia se confunde (quizá está mal editada. La &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupage&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada en inglés&lt;/a&gt; propone los mismos nombres para esta técnica) y no existe realmente ese término en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe el término &amp;quot;decoupage&amp;quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T21:47:46.617" Title="¿Existe &quot;decoupage&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;francés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22513" CreationDate="2017-09-28T07:48:01.660" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso que comentas de &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; parece que es propio de algunos países de Hispanoamérica, tal y como recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pngCURZhTAbwQgAp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el párrafo 20.2q&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática española&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el español popular de Venezuela y Colombia, así como en el de Costa Rica y otras partes de Centroamérica, se usa &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; en construcciones pseudopartitivas no concordadas, con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;muchos(s)&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;Se demoró un poco de días&lt;/em&gt; ('Se demoró muchos días'); &lt;em&gt;Había un poco de niños&lt;/em&gt; ('Había muchos niños'), o en &lt;em&gt;un poco de problemas&lt;/em&gt; ('muchos problemas') [...]. Esta construcción no ha pasado a los registros formales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, parece que la frase que mencionas sí es usada en tu región (veo que eres precisamente de Colombia) y está documentada, como ves. En todo caso, se indica que es un coloquialismo. Se puede usar en entornos no formales, pero no se recomienda si vas a usar un tono más formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre es curioso ver cómo una misma idea se expresa de forma diferente según el país e incluso la región. A mí me habría salido de forma natural esa misma expresión así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Anda que no hay periodistas en la calle!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de la ironía es muy común en el lenguaje, por ejemplo con &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wMzFXvhRiwOtzsRs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;expresiones como&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Contenta me tienes!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Bien empezamos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que en realidad expresan justo lo contrario de lo que su sentido literal dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T07:48:01.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22527" CreationDate="2017-09-28T08:36:36.290" Score="4" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasa_(ship)#Maiden_voyage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt; when I came across a new (to me) word meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The ship was &lt;strong&gt;warped&lt;/strong&gt; (hauled by anchor) along the eastern waterfront of the city to the southern side of the harbor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upon further investigation, it turns out the English verb &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/warp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to warp&lt;/a&gt;&quot; has a specific meaning in the nautical world:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To move (a ship) along by hauling on a rope attached to a stationary object on shore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/to%20warp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translations offered by Google&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;deformar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;torcer&lt;/em&gt;, even &lt;em&gt;pervertir&lt;/em&gt;) are mostly relative to the main meaning of &quot;to become twisted or bent&quot;. It also includes &lt;em&gt;alabear&lt;/em&gt; which seems to have something to do with woodworking -- not relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Spanish words like &lt;em&gt;remolcar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;jalar&lt;/em&gt; are related to this, but they do not convey the full meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a word in Spanish that can be used to translate &quot;to warp&quot; in its nautical meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T08:48:15.807" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T18:55:14.953" Title="Translation of &quot;to warp&quot; in the nautical sense?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19121" CreationDate="2017-09-28T08:56:01.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la afirmación de guifa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10329/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a la pregunta sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10328/12637&quot;&gt;la evolución de la ortografía&lt;/a&gt; no fue del todo precisa. Ojeando el texto de la octava edición de la ortografía de 1815, leo lo siguiente (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por lo cual considerando la Academia que desde el principio de la proposición interrogatoria empieza esta mudanza [de entonación], creyó que no era bastante indicar la interrogación al fin, sino que convenía indicarla ya desde el principio: y &lt;strong&gt;para esto propuso, que pues al fin se acostumbraba poner el signo en esta forma (?), al principio se pusiese el mismo, pero inverso de este modo (¿)&lt;/strong&gt; [...]. Desde luego adoptó el público este oportuno pensamiento, aunque en la práctica &lt;strong&gt;se ha introducido algún abuso; pues la Academia lo propuso solamente para los períodos largos, en los cuales es necesario; pero ya se pone en preguntas de una o dos palabras en que no se necesita&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice exactamente lo mismo para el caso de los signos de exclamación. Es decir, que en aquella edición de 1815 lo que se hacía era recalcar que el uso que se le había propuesto a los signos (¿) y (¡) en 1754 era el correcto, y que la gente estaba abusando de los signos poniéndolos en oraciones muy cortas cuando no era necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ese motivo que la RAE insistió en su forma de poner los signos (¿) y (¡) hasta 1869. En este año, la definición de &quot;interrogación&quot; en el DLE era la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nota ó señal de que se usa en la escritura cuando se pregunta, y se usa así (?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso las definiciones de palabras como &lt;em&gt;¡Caramba!&lt;/em&gt; solo llevaban el signo de cierre: simplemente estaban siguiendo sus propias normas, al considerar que en una oración de una sola palabra no se debía poner el signo de inicio de exclamación. En la siguiente edición, la de 1884, la misma definición dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Signo ortográfico (¿?) que se pone al principio y fin de palabra ó cláusula en que se hace pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que por fin la RAE decidió en aquella edición seguir una convención más sencilla, decidiendo que era más fácil poner siempre los signos (¿) y (¡) más que dejar que cada uno decida subjetivamente cuándo una oración es lo suficientemente corta como para omitirlo o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T08:56:01.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26362" CreationDate="2017-09-28T09:55:31.117" Score="7" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the possible origins of the question mark is show in this image &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_mark&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;taken from the Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bp0Zi.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bp0Zi.png&quot; alt=&quot;Question mark evolution&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, the question mark symbol was defined in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1734) as being an inverted &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señalase con una s vuelta del reves y un punto debaxo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question mark had then this look indeed: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XE5ED.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XE5ED.png&quot; alt=&quot;question mark&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following editions of the dictionary until 1791 insist in this way of describing the question mark. But if the origin was a &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt;, why did the RAE describe the symbol as an inverted &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was it because it was just simpler to describe the symbol that way in that state of the evolution from being a &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt;? Or was it because the question mark had another origin relative to another word beginning with an &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T07:26:18.167" Title="Why did the RAE define the question mark as being an &quot;inverted s&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22397" CreationDate="2017-09-28T10:53:28.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion &quot;la&quot; is the way to go in both examples, even though in the second case might sound weird. I mean: in both cases, &quot;la&quot; stands for &quot;her&quot; and is the direct object, therefore, we have to use &quot;la&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Laísmo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Laísmo&quot; only happens for indirect object pronouns. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepe envió un paquete a María --&gt; Pepe la* envío un paquete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is wrong, this is &quot;laísmo&quot;. It should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepe le envió un paquete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepe envió una carta a María --&gt; Pepe (se) la envió a María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Accepted leísmo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the direct objects pronouns is that we usually change &quot;lo&quot; and &quot;la&quot; for &quot;le&quot;. For the masculine &quot;lo&quot;, this is a RAE accepted form of &quot;leísmo&quot;. However, in theory, for the feminine &quot;la&quot;, we have to respect this pronoun and it is not accepted to use &quot;le&quot; instead. Still, it is not rare that someone does this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Masculine example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo vi por la calle. Le vi por la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feminine example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vi por la calle. Le* vi por la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;To sum up&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, going back to your question, in both your examples the pronouns are the direct object, but in the second example that you give, it is very possible that some people would tend to replace it with &quot;le&quot; because of the &quot;leísmo&quot; thing that I explained. For me, &quot;la&quot; would imply a woman knitting, while &quot;le&quot; is more ambiguous although in theory it could only be a man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: The RAE article on this issue. Pay attention to the table at the beginning --&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T14:46:12.340" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:46:12.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22469" CreationDate="2017-09-28T11:43:46.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, no me choca, pero sin duda se debe a que en mi ámbito profesional (informática), usamos muchísimos extranjerismos, y traducciones más o menos literales del inglés, en detrimento del término correcto español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que si estás en un contexto informático, úsalo sin miedo. En otro contexto, quizás sería oportuno buscar una alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T11:43:46.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22477" CreationDate="2017-09-28T12:01:28.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí, el significado varía según lleve comas o no, porque las comas te fuerzan a hacer una pausa que recalca la importancia del sujeto (tal estudio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sin comas&lt;/strong&gt;, para mí querría decir que ya has listado cosas que el estudio señala. Y ahora quieres añadir que señala &quot;las propiedades que deben presentar&quot; además de las cosas que has mencionado antes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con comas&lt;/strong&gt;, sin embargo, el significado sería a la inversa: ya había otros estudios que señalaban &quot;las propiedades que deben presentar&quot;, y este estudio, además de aquellos otros, vuelve a señalar eso mismo. Equivalentemente, se podría decir &quot;También tal estudio señala las propiedades que...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero definitivamente, como dice Mauricio, con una única coma no se debe escribir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T12:01:28.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22526" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22529" CreationDate="2017-09-28T18:28:54.310" Score="7" ViewCount="1102" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el marco del desarrollo de software existe un término que siempre he escuchado como &quot;Scrum Master&quot;. En la entrada en Wikipedia se puede encontrar una definición de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)#Scrum_master&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scrum Master&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum is facilitated by a scrum master, who is accountable for removing impediments to the ability of the team to deliver the product goals and deliverables. The scrum master is not a traditional team lead or project manager but acts as a buffer between the team and any distracting influences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(desarrollo_de_software)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;versión en español&lt;/a&gt; de dicha página se encuentra una propuesta de traducción de dicha palabra, que sería &lt;em&gt;Facilitador&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ScrumMaster (o Facilitador)&#xA;  El Scrum es facilitado por un ScrumMaster, cuyo trabajo primario es eliminar los obstáculos que impiden que el equipo alcance el objetivo del sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una respuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19778/c%C3%B3mo-traducir-shadow-como-verbo/19786#19786&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; se menciona e&lt;em&gt;xperto en resolución de problemas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es alguna de estas dos propuestas (&lt;em&gt;facilitador&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;experto en resolución de problemas&lt;/em&gt;) un traducción adecuada? ¿Es preferible usar la versión en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T18:31:19.887" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T20:47:52.610" Title="¿Existe traducción en español para &quot;Scrum Master&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22520" CreationDate="2017-09-28T18:55:14.953" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.libreriadenautica.com/diccionario_nautico.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario náutico&lt;/a&gt; me he topado con esta palabra que parece describir bastante bien lo que estás buscando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sirgar&lt;/strong&gt;: Llevar una embarcación remolcándola desde la costa con un&#xA;  cabo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después he buscado la palabra de marras en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y0oYy2c&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sirgar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Llevar a la sirga una embarcación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de aquí pasamos a &lt;em&gt;sirga&lt;/em&gt; y la locución &lt;em&gt;a la sirga:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y0oJO0H%7CY0oYy2c%7CY0qLy4c&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sirga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;f. Mar.&lt;/em&gt; Maroma que sirve para tirar las redes, para llevar las embarcaciones desde tierra, principalmente en la navegación fluvial, y&#xA;  para otros usos. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a la sirga&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. adv. Mar.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de navegar: Tirando de una sirga desde la orilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T18:55:14.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22528" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T20:45:19.293" Score="0" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would &quot;para entusiasmar&quot; be in English? To be excited? To excite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fitbit ha encontrado por fin el camino correcto &lt;strong&gt;para entusiasmar&lt;/strong&gt; con un smartwatch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17765" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T21:19:48.853" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T21:19:48.853" Title="How to translate 'para entusiasmar ' into English?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-09-29T00:50:11.343" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22526" CreationDate="2017-09-28T20:47:52.610" Score="7" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Si quieres usar la traducción oficial&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción oficial de Scrum Master es... &lt;strong&gt;Scrum Master&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si consultamos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/docs/scrumguide/v2016/2016-Scrum-Guide-Spanish.pdf#zoom=100&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;guía oficial en español de Scrum [PDF]&lt;/a&gt;, podemos ver que la mayoría de los términos están traducidos: el &lt;em&gt;Product Owner&lt;/em&gt; es el Propietario del Producto, el &lt;em&gt;Daily Scrum&lt;/em&gt; es el Scrum Diario... pero el Scrum Master es el Scrum Master, fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así es como lo llama, por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javiergarzas.com//?s=scrum%20master&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en su web&lt;/a&gt; Javier Garzás, una de las personalidades más relevantes de la comunidad Scrum española (según tengo entendido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Si eres un purista del lenguaje&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única traducción formalmente correcta e inequívoca sería &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;maestro (de) Scrum&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;: &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; se traduce a maestro, y Scrum es el nombre de la metodología, no hay que traducirlo. Esta traducción tiene la ventaja de que mantiene el término Scrum, así que todo el mundo sabe de lo que hablas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero casi todo el mundo te mirará raro, porque casi nadie lo dice así; sólo los &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ETuXBgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT13&amp;amp;lpg=PT13&amp;amp;dq=maestro%20scrum&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=1nLrgZbzlZ&amp;amp;sig=kIVQ56K536wYinWc-q2-XTfi1A0&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiD59Kf3sjWAhWLORQKHQYCBHsQ6AEISzAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=maestro%20scrum&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;libros&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://maniqui.ru/las-pequeas-empresas-y-carreras/el-funcionamiento-de-su-negocio/administracin/46581-el-scrum-master-gil-y-obstculos-que-identifican.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;webs&lt;/a&gt; mal traducidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras alternativas algo menos grotescas serían: &amp;quot;líder Scrum&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;experto Scrum&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;gestor Scrum&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Si quieres usar un término en español sin que te miren raro&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro de la propia jerga que se ha desarrollado en español relacionada con el mundo Scrum, es común llamar al Scrum Master &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;facilitador&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, pues su función es la de facilitar el trabajo al equipo eliminando cualquier factor que les impida ser productivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así es como lo llama por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://proyectosagiles.org/facilitador-scrum-master/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en su web&lt;/a&gt; Xavier Albaladejo, otro veterano del gremio. Aunque también tiene muchas entradas en las que usa directamente Scrum Master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi recomendación&lt;/strong&gt;: no lo traduzcas, usa Scrum Master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T20:47:52.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T21:03:08.937" Score="1" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a un acento que tenga todo el mundo de una región, sin contar a gente particular que la distinga por influencia extranjera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17766" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:51:13.370" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T23:15:09.113" Title="¿Hay algún acento español en el mundo en el que distingan la &quot;b&quot; de la &quot;v&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-09-28T22:02:53.557" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22528" CreationDate="2017-09-28T21:08:10.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd use the suggested terms here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=entusiasmar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entusiasmar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;excite&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;fill [sb] with excitement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, it's possible to say that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fitbit found the right way to fill (the public) with excitement with a smartwatch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T21:08:10.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4485" CreationDate="2017-09-29T03:13:30.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, porque &lt;em&gt;&quot;ese muchacho es mejor que aquel&quot;&lt;/em&gt; no nos dice en qué es mejor. Y lo que se ha mencionado aquí es que es más &quot;bondadoso&quot;, y para indicar eso hay que decir &quot;más bueno&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy española pero así me parece lógico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17767" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T05:47:12.830" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T05:47:12.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22558" CreationDate="2017-09-29T03:27:06.843" Score="5" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Bienvenidos de nuevo al Translation Golf!&#xA;Para quienes empiezan, en la parte inferior encuentran la información relacionada...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta ocasión, decidí invocar a todo un filósofo que intenta solucionar los problemas del mundo. Me refiero al gran Calvin, de Calvin &amp;amp; Hobbes. En esta ocasión, de la interesante charla con su amigo, hemos de traducir el monólogo de Calvin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí vamos: (con 646 caracteres, cada párrafo es un cuadro de la caricatura)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today at school, I try to decide whether to cheat on my test or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wondered, is it better to do the right things and fail... or is it better to do the wrong things and succeed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the one hand, undeserved success gives no satisfaction. ...But on the other hand, well-deserved failure gives no satisfaction either&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, most everybody cheats sometime or other. People always bend rules if they think they can get away with it. Then again, that doesn't justify my cheating&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I thought, look, cheating in one little test isn't such a big deal. It doesn't hurt anyone. ...But then I wondered if i was just rationalizing my unwillingness to accept the consequence of no studying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, in the real world, people care about success not principles ...Then again, maybe that's why the world is in such a mess. What a dilemmma! (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una adaptación de la caricatura traducida es: (529 caracteres)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; -Hoy en la escuela no sabía si hacer trampa en mi prueba o no&#xA; -¿No sé si es mejor hacer lo correcto y fallar... o es mejor hacer trampa y triunfar?&#xA; -Por una parte, un éxito no merecido no satisface, por otra parte, el fracaso merecido tampoco&#xA; -La mayoría hace trampa alguna vez. La gente siempre modifica las reglas si piensa que se puede zafar. Otra vez, eso no justifica que yo haga trampa.&#xA; -Luego me dije, trampear en una pequeña prueba no es nada grave, no daña a nadie... Pero luego no sé si estoy justificando las consecuencias por no estudiar&#xA; -En el mundo real, a la gente lo que le interesa es el éxito, no los principios. De nuevo, quizás por eso el mundo es un lío. ¡vaya dilema! (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para quien desee leerla toda, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/2013/9/15&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; está disponible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éxitos a todos y a lucirse planteando la mejor traducción con menos caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para debatir temas relacionados con el juego hay una sala de chat: &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation Golf!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Felicitaciones a todos por aportar sus ideas en traducir y más que todo para @blonfu por su traducción de 147 caracteres. Tienes 48 horas para presentar un texto, después de lo cual, queda en libertad de cualquier usuario la presentación de texto a la edición XXI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T02:21:08.590" Title="Translation-golf XX - Calvin's Ethics about life" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-29T06:24:09.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-29T03:44:39.383" Score="1" ViewCount="10583" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estuve ligando con una chica alrededor de 3 meses y ya no nos vemos hace 5 meses pero vamos hablando a veces por mensajes. Hoy vamos a vernos otra vez.. pero ella me escribió en plan: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hello amigui, que plan tienes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa este &quot;amigui&quot; en español? ¿Que ahora me ve como un amigo o es sólo una forma cariñosa de llamar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&quot;Amiguito/a&quot; puede significar novio, amante, ligue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17768" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T07:15:14.707" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T07:20:17.903" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;amigui&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-02T06:24:31.493" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-09-29T06:34:44.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;357 278 237 199 163&lt;/strike&gt; 152 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9330GZD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chuleta&lt;/a&gt;? ¿Éxito fácil o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8eKvbET&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chasco&lt;/a&gt; duro? Ninguno &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PY9Zg13&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mola&lt;/a&gt;. Oculto es fácil copiar, mas no me &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X8aav2k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salva&lt;/a&gt;. &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KwNhWlf#Cd91H1p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Da igual&lt;/a&gt;, no hace daño&quot;: ¿mero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bUwgYjN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;velo&lt;/a&gt; de mi &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6M0eyb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flojera&lt;/a&gt;? Mas se &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PMSRG3d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mira&lt;/a&gt; el éxito, no el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KtbYMfR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ideario&lt;/a&gt;: así va todo. ¡Dilem&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R3Ff5cR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ón&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evito todos los &quot;I wondered&quot;, &quot;I thought&quot;, ya que se nota claramente que el texto son los pensamientos de Calvin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elimino las coletillas innecesarias como &quot;on the other hand&quot;, &quot;of course&quot;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las chuletas se usan en los exámenes. Dado que el que habla es un niño, se entiende que se debate entre si usar chuletas en el colegio o no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presente prospectivo en &quot;¿uso chuleta?&quot;, con el verbo en presente indicando una acción a ocurrir en el futuro inmediato.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decididamente, las primeras frases vienen a decir lo mismo. &quot;Hacer bien el mal&quot; equivale a &quot;tener éxito fácil&quot;, y &quot;hacer mal el bien&quot; equivale al fracaso aun habiendo tomado la vía difícil. Por tanto, se fusionan ambas frases en una.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Oculto es fácil copiar&quot;: si se copia se entiende que se están quebrantando las normas, y si es fácil se entiende que la gente caiga habitualmente en dicha trampa alguna vez.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Da igual&quot;, se entiende que habla de que &quot;copiar&quot; da igual, no importa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Velo&quot; (acepción 8): Pretexto, disimulación o excusa con que se intenta ocultar, atenuar u oscurecer la verdad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mirar&quot; (acepción 9): Cuidar, atender, proteger, amparar o defender a alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando te quejas de que &quot;así va todo&quot; o de que &quot;así va el mundo&quot;, se entiende que te quejas porque va mal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T07:06:04.187" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T07:06:04.187" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-29T06:34:44.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22534" CreationDate="2017-09-29T07:10:11.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, modificar los sustantivos para que terminen con &lt;em&gt;-i&lt;/em&gt; es una moda actual, pero no implica nada más que mostrar cariño por parte de quien lo dice. No hace que la palabra cambie su significado ni que se esté implicando otra cosa. Sencillamente te está llamando &quot;amigo&quot;, pero con cariño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos que se usan mucho por aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;em&gt;Besis&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Claro que sí, &lt;em&gt;guapi&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si te dice &lt;em&gt;amigui&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;amigo&lt;/em&gt; pero que te tiene cariño, nada más, no implica que quiera que seas su novio, amante o cualquier otra cosa. Nótese además que el caso de &lt;em&gt;besis&lt;/em&gt; nos indica que la modificación de vocal no se forma como contracción (como podría ser el caso de &lt;em&gt;amigui&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;amiguito&lt;/em&gt;), sino que sencillamente se está sustituyendo una vocal por otra (&lt;em&gt;besos&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;besis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También estoy viendo últimamente otros casos de modificaciones vocálicas, como el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ay, &lt;em&gt;par favar&lt;/em&gt;, pero qué mono!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se deja entrever un exceso de ternura al cambiar las vocales por &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entrando ya en el terreno de la psicología, si tu preocupación es saber si la chica te considera como algo más que un amigo, no creo que se pueda deducir simplemente por el uso de &lt;em&gt;amigui&lt;/em&gt;. Si usa &lt;em&gt;amigui&lt;/em&gt; es porque te tiene confianza y se siente cómoda contigo, pero de ahí a suponer algo más creo que hay un gran paso. Deberás buscar pruebas más convincentes o tal vez preguntarle directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T07:20:17.903" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T07:20:17.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-09-29T07:27:10.997" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;281&lt;/strike&gt; 179&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Copiar en el cole...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Ser bueno? Lícita caída. ¿Malo? Amargo éxito. Nada gusta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Todos mienten si cuela. ¿Y a mi qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por una no pasa nada... ¿O solo rehúso catear por no estudiar?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En el mundo, &quot;el fin justifica los medios&quot;. ¿Por eso va así? ¡Qué duda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;No he leído las otras entradas, solo el conteo. Si he usado algo de otro participante, comentario y veo de cambiarlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;OP, si algo no te cuadra, comentario y lo explico.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T09:24:40.233" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T09:24:40.233" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-29T07:27:10.997" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22540" CreationDate="2017-09-29T08:20:53.170" Score="7" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahí va una nueva pregunta de curiosidad. Cuando una palabra del español tiene diversos significados, si estos provienen de etimologías diferentes se agrupan en artículos independientes del diccionario, usando para ello los superíndices. A estas voces de distinta etimología que coinciden en la forma se les llama &lt;em&gt;homógrafos&lt;/em&gt;. Así, hoy he encontrado la palabra &lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6Xvqvzr|6XyvW01|6Y1ViAh|6Y5PBu3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuatro homógrafos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (del latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;caccŭlus&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (del latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;cattŭlus&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de origen incierto) y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;coactus&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra del español que tiene más homógrafos (etimologías diferentes reconocidas por la RAE)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T11:03:11.117" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T23:49:42.250" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra del español con más etimologías diferentes admitidas por la RAE?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22538" CreationDate="2017-09-29T10:30:49.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trasteando un poco con el DIRAE acabo de encontrar una de 6: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Y3W1Jj|9Y7V25X|9Y9qSyT|9YA1APW|9YAFDMl|9YCpRLr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Sus etimologías son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (del quechua y aimara &lt;em&gt;kuka&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;coccus&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;concha&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; (del catalán &lt;em&gt;coca&lt;/em&gt;), y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coca&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; (acortamiento de &lt;em&gt;cocaína&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T13:05:26.847" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T13:05:26.847" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22538" CreationDate="2017-09-29T12:38:51.617" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el DIRAE siguiendo el &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40270158#40270158&quot;&gt;truquillo de Charlie&lt;/a&gt; he detectado que el número máximo de etimologías diferentes en el DLE es seis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que propone &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22539/1674&quot;&gt;Charlie en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, hay tres más: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;radio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (búsqueda de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Adirae.es%20%22etimolog%C3%ADa%206%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;site:dirae.es &quot;etimología 6&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en Google).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V1GlXnv%7CV1HlZk4%7CV1HspiD%7CV1J0Z3h%7CV1LdofK%7CV1M4aB1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;radio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, cuatro de ellos son acortamientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (Del lat. radius)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (Del fr. radium, y este de radioactif 'radioactivo' e -ium '-io'.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (Acort. de radiodifusión)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; (Acort. coloq. de radiorreceptor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; (Acort. de radiotelegrama)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;radio&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; (Acort. de radiotelegrafista)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acort. = Acortamiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5yatllK%7C5yboas9%7C5yc2i2E%7C5ycMwec%7C5ycy6L2%7C5yg7rxF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (De botar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (Cf. pote.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (Del ingl. ant. bāt.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; (Del germ. *bukko; cf. a. al. medio boc, a. al. ant. bukk, al. Bock.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; (para expresiones &lt;em&gt;de bote a bote&lt;/em&gt; que en Argentina quiere decir &lt;em&gt;de bote en bote&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;de bote en bote&lt;/em&gt; (Dicho de un sitio o de un local: Lleno de gente completamente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bote&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; (en Cuba Hoja pequeña de tabaco, después del primer corte, usada para la picadura)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B9OoKiA%7CB9S8DA6%7CB9UHblX%7CB9XoglB%7CB9XqFet%7CB9ZsgbA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (Del lat. cautus 'defendido')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (Del lat. quotus 'cuánto')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (Del lat. cubĭtus)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; (Del lat. cient. cottus, y este del gr. κόττος kóttos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; (Del quechua koto 'papera' → 1. m. Arg., Bol., Chile, Col., Ec., Par. y Perú. bocio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coto&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, ta (Cf. cuto. → 1. adj. Nic. Dicho de una persona: Privada de un brazo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cf = &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Confer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; → quiere decir &lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T12:54:02.083" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T12:54:02.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22542" CreationDate="2017-09-29T13:07:36.017" Score="7" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer tuve una conversación parecida a esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— A mí me gustan Tal Grupo y TalOtro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Ah, pues deberías escuchar a GrupoNuevo, están muy bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Genial, mañana les echaré un ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí es donde me surgió la duda. Pues lo que quería decir, es que pretendía escuchar rápidamente y por encima algunas de sus canciones, para hacerme una idea del estilo. Es decir, algo equivalente a &lt;strong&gt;echar un vistazo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=vistazo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vistazo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mirada superficial o ligera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero para escuchar, no para mirar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra con este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T15:11:18.593" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra similar a &quot;vistazo&quot; pero para escuchar algo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22541" CreationDate="2017-09-29T13:17:39.263" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por el diccionario, sabemos que la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; es, precisamente, que el segundo verbo implica el primero pero prestando atención:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QxCw3RS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;oír&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Percibir con el oído los sonidos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GLkff9P&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;escuchar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Prestar atención a lo que se oye.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, usando el verbo &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; ya estamos implicando que no se está prestando atención, sino que simplemente notas cómo el sonido llega a tus oídos. Y el verbo oír tiene un sustantivo que indica su acción y efecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QwzwsIK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;oída&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de oír.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí viene, por ejemplo, la expresión &quot;saber algo de oídas&quot;, que es &quot;enterarte de algo por medio de otros, sin haberlo escuchado personalmente&quot;. Luego yo te propongo la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;darle/echarle una oída&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que vendría a decir que los vas a oír (vas a dejar que el sonido llegue a tus oídos), pero no los vas a escuchar (no les vas a prestar atención).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos del CREA que usan esta expresión (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tan sólo por eso ya vale la pena &lt;strong&gt;darle una oída&lt;/strong&gt; a un álbum que ciertamente es más de lo que aparenta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Revista Hoy, 23-29/12/1996, &quot;QUARTET: Pat Metheny Group&quot; (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bastará ver una fotografía de Marylin Manson, un video de White Zombie o &lt;strong&gt;darle una oída&lt;/strong&gt; a Nine Inch Nails, para comprobar que detrás de ese aterrador desfile de máscaras existe algo que se ha transformado en un común denominador del rock de hoy.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clarín, 03/02/1997, &quot;LAS NUEVAS BANDAS METÁLICAS RECURREN AL HORROR PARA SACUDIR A SUS FANS&quot; (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T13:24:24.683" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T13:24:24.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22541" CreationDate="2017-09-29T13:40:59.697" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estas son un poco diferentes, pero dado el caso pueden servirte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prestar oreja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parar la oreja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poner oreja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dar oreja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significan (al menos en América del Sur) &amp;quot;poner atención&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no responden exactamente a tu pregunta, me parece que la oración que pones de ejemplo es equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Genial, mañana les pongo oreja!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T15:11:18.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22545" CreationDate="2017-09-29T18:00:24.313" Score="7" ViewCount="1490" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay decenas de sinónimos para borrachera, pero hoy quería preguntar sobre &lt;em&gt;pedal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba hablando sobre un pedal que llevan algunos contenedores de basuras para abrir la tapa y he pensado que un pedal también era una borrachera y no se me ocurre una razón que relacione esos dos conceptos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Menudo pedal lleva ese, va haciendo eses por la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene llamar pedal a una borrachera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T21:43:37.723" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T22:19:29.820" Title="¿Por qué un &quot;pedal&quot; es una borrachera?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22544" CreationDate="2017-09-29T19:04:49.413" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy casi seguro que es una deformación de la palabra &quot;pedo&quot;, ya que &quot;ir pedo&quot; o &quot;llevar un pedo&quot; es  también una expresión para &quot;ir borracho&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a ir pedo, según los resultados de Google parece que se debe &quot;al mal olor que los borrachos desprenden&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me inclino por decir que es una mala utilización de un aumentativo de pedo, como &quot;vaya pedaco&quot; o algo similar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T19:04:49.413" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23661" CreationDate="2017-09-29T21:32:45.117" Score="4" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta viene a cuento de esta otra, &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22541&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Hay alguna palabra similar a &amp;quot;vistazo&amp;quot; pero para escuchar algo?&lt;/a&gt;,&#xA;a partir de la cual me doy cuenta de la variedad de expresiones que pueden usarse con este particular formato, que es algo así como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar|echar un(a)&lt;/em&gt; raíz verbal + &lt;em&gt;-azo|ada|ída&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;dar un vistazo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;echar una oída&lt;/em&gt;, etc. En inglés este tipo de expresiones utilizan casi siempre &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;to take&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;take a peek&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;have a look&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). En castellano, según me parece, la variedad de verbos utilizados como base es mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que podría transformarse en una entrada de wiki eventualmente. La pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿qué expresiones como éstas existen en los distintos dialectos castellanos, y en particular, qué verbos pueden usarse?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En rioplatense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;echar una mirada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pegar una revisada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dar una hojeada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mandar una leída&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los derivados verbales no tienen que ser necesariamente de este tipo: cualquier sustantivo deverbal funciona, incluso con derivación cero (como &lt;em&gt;baño&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;paseo&lt;/em&gt;), pero me interesan más los derivados como los citados, que parecen ser los más productivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T18:31:53.957" Title="Echar/dar/pegar una *-ada/-ída" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22544" CreationDate="2017-09-29T22:19:29.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se dice, estar en pedo, cuando una persona está bajo los efectos del alcohol. Y claro Pedal suena a pedo, acá en mi ciudad se hacen muchos juegos de palabras similares por ejemplo. En vez de decir - ¡Hola, ¿Todo bien?!, y que respondan - sí, Todo bien. se hace una frase como esta: ¡Hola, ¿Todo naranja?!, - Sí toronja. Cómo son palabras que se asemejan las usan como eufemismos, o como reemplazantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé también que en México se usa mucho &quot;pedo&quot;, a secas, o &quot;peda&quot;. Pero si me preguntás de dónde puede provenir el usar la palabra pedo para los beodos, ahí me mataste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T22:19:29.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22538" CreationDate="2017-09-29T23:49:42.250" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copulat. U. para afirmar del sujeto lo que significa el atributo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aux. U. para conjugar todos los verbos en la voz pasiva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Haber o existir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Indica tiempo. Son las tres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. ser capaz o servir. Los idiomas son PARA comunicarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Estar en lugar o situación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Suceder, acontecer, tener lugar. ¿Dónde fue la boda? El partido fue a las seis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Valer, costar. ¿A cómo es la merluza?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Indica relación de posesión. Este jardín es DE la reina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Opinar del mismo modo que alguien. Soy CON Ana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Seguir el partido o la opinión de alguien. Soy DE Juan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Mantener la amistad de alguien. Es DE sus amigos. Es muy DE sus antiguos compañeros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Corresponder, parecer propio. Este proceder no es de un hombre de bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Formar parte de una corporación o comunidad. Es del Consejo. Es de la Academia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Tener principio, origen o naturaleza, hablando de los lugares o países. Antonio es de Madrid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. U. para afirmar o negar en lo que se dice o pretende. Esto es.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T23:49:42.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22553" CreationDate="2017-09-30T02:01:46.287" Score="2" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of a Spanish translation assignment, I have to come up with a new title for &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/2003/06/12/sociedad/1055368806_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;, which is called &quot;La homosexualidad desde la escuela&quot; in Spanish.  The literal translation is roughly &quot;Homosexuality from School&quot;, which doesn't make sense in English.  Based on the article, I think it might mean discussing homosexuality in school, or starting at school, or something of that nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;La homosexualidad desde la escuela&quot; mean as the title to the above article?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17771" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T10:41:54.577" Title="What does &quot;La homosexualidad desde la escuela&quot; mean in this context?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-30T02:02:30.967" Score="4" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idiom &quot;Put a bug in your ear&quot; means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;give somebody a reminder or suggestion relating to a future event&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to tell someone something that suggests what they should do &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/put-a-bug-in-someone-s-ear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;macmillandictionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I put a bug in his ear about giving Helen a call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give someone a hint about something &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/put+a+bug+in+someone%27s+ear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Janet put a bug in her husband's ear about getting the children a dog for Christmas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all cases the buzzing of an insect would work as a analogy for having a reminder, hint, advice or appraise to do something in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct translation into Spanish (&lt;code&gt;Voy a poner un bicho/insecto en tu oído&lt;/code&gt;) does not work as an equivalent. Is there a Spanish equivalent idiom with the meaning of &quot;hey, don't forget about this&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T00:37:47.237" Title="Is there a Spanish idiom equivalent to &quot;To put a bug in your ear&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22549" CreationDate="2017-09-30T02:09:02.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that the proper translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Homosexuality &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; School&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since the article says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ello, tanto los sociólogos como la asociación de padres piden que &lt;strong&gt;en la escuela&lt;/strong&gt; se introduzca el conocimiento de la diversidad de orientaciones sexuales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means, as you point out in the question, that someone is promoting for the concept of homosexuality (or sexual diversity) to be introduced (explained, taught, discussed) &lt;strong&gt;at&lt;/strong&gt; school. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T02:09:02.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-09-30T08:13:37.257" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;del&gt;269&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;267&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;265&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;230&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;228&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;225&lt;/del&gt; &lt;del&gt;197&lt;/del&gt; 195 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy intenté decidir trampear o no en mi examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pesé la pregunta: éxito injusto o el revés: no satisfacen. Gente no vista trampea. ¿Quizás no justifique aún la minucia de tapar mi pereza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por fin cuenta el éxito... ¿Lo que explica el mundo? ¡Qué dilema!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un poco más cerca de ser español&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un poco más cerca de ser el texto de origen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preguntarse cuál es lo mejor -&amp;gt; pesar la pregunta (segunda definición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmGC3aC%7CSmGsWXw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmGC3aC|SmGsWXw&lt;/a&gt;); Meritado -&amp;gt; merecido; ...el acto: el de hacer x... -&amp;gt; ...el acto: hacer x...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, si hay fallos de Español, quiero saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T05:35:17.060" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-09-30T08:13:37.257" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22549" CreationDate="2017-09-30T10:41:54.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The article doesn't talk about &quot;homosexuality &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt; school&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article talks about parents being unprepared for their homosexual sons and daughters coming out to them once they are adults.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To help parents be ready, the article proposes for the concept of homosexuality to be introduced earlier in life, at school, when kids are still kids, so it gets normalized and better accepted both by parents and children through their puberty and into their adulthood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article talks about &lt;em&gt;teaching&lt;/em&gt; homosexuality at school, or &lt;em&gt;starting at&lt;/em&gt; school, or &lt;em&gt;since&lt;/em&gt; primary school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T10:41:54.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22554" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22555" CreationDate="2017-09-30T12:40:58.513" Score="7" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am curious to know the origin of &quot;vámonos&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Vámonos&lt;/em&gt; is formed from &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, instead of &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;. Why don't other verbs conjugate into both manners?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12844" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-08-02T23:09:00.297" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T23:09:00.297" Title="Origin of “vámonos”" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22554" CreationDate="2017-09-30T13:39:34.800" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente en el pasado se decía &quot;vámo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;nos&quot;, respetando la formación de la palabra, pero en la norma actual la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; intermedia se pierde (me imagino que porque la repetición del sonido suena un poco feo, o porque se generalizó un error de pronunciación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el apartado 2.a de pronombres personales átonos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; se indica esta norma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Delante del enclítico &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; se pierde obligatoriamente la -s de la primera persona del plural del subjuntivo usado con valor de imperativo (subjuntivo exhortativo); así, &lt;em&gt;dejemos + nos = dejémonos&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;dejémosnos&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;«Dejémonos de cuentos»&lt;/em&gt; (LpzNavarro &lt;em&gt;Clásicos&lt;/em&gt; [Chile 1996]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-10-01T23:07:58.077" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T23:07:58.077" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22568" CreationDate="2017-09-30T14:34:11.273" Score="3" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mandé una foto de algo que cociné a alguien, y me contestaron con la frase &quot;Cómo te lo marcas!&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imaginaba que significa algo como &quot;Qué buena pinta tiene&quot;, pero me gustaría saber exactamente qué quiere decir. Me lo dijo una persona de Andalucía, por si es algo que solo se dice en esta región.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T14:38:54.713" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T14:38:54.713" Title="&quot;Cómo te lo marcas&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-10-01T10:19:00.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;280 191 161&lt;/s&gt; 147 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Digno &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7vkqNww&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cate&lt;/a&gt; o aprobado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bobcqY3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vil&lt;/a&gt;? No molan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SQbVLbD%7CSQczESN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pena&lt;/a&gt; no hay reglas, mas no es excusa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trampas en examen nimio no dañan. No estudié y busco razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El éxito manda, no los ideales, una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NDhqOIi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;liada&lt;/a&gt;. ¡Qué duda!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Junto las tres primeras frases en una sola. Uso &lt;em&gt;cate&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aprobado&lt;/em&gt; para dar a entender que se habla de un examen. Al decir que el cate (suspenso) es digno y el aprobado vil (indigno) se sobreentiende que para aprobar se ha hecho alguna trampa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T11:57:04.943" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T11:57:04.943" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-01T10:19:00.127" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T02:39:51.707" Score="1" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés el término &amp;quot;trouper&amp;quot; (a veces visto también como &amp;quot;trooper&amp;quot;, que en un homónimo que define a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trooper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tipo de policía o de policía montada&lt;/a&gt;) se usa para describir a alguien que puede aguantar grandes adversidades o dificultades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trouper&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a person who deals with and persists through difficulty or hardship without complaint &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trouper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trooper&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/trooper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;onlineslangdictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;one who handles adversity well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Courageous, persistent person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One who does not give up in the face of adversity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somebody who does something strenuous or tedious for a long period of time without complaining.  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=trooper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;urbandictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yeah, he was a &lt;strong&gt;trooper&lt;/strong&gt;, man. He waited in line 4 hours to get tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otros ejemplos de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://grammarpartyblog.com/2012/10/03/trooper-vs-trouper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trouper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A student who has a bad cold and still shows up to take the big test is a trouper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A runner who stubs his toe in the middle of a marathon and keeps running is a trouper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A dancer who falls in the middle of her big solo and continues on with the routine is a trouper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A person who is fighting a serious illness is a trouper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero que puede venir a la cabeza es &lt;code&gt;persistente&lt;/code&gt;, pero alguien calificado como &lt;em&gt;trouper&lt;/em&gt; no es solo alguien que se mantiene firme o aguanta esas dificultades. Alguien que las realiza sin quejarse (como un &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20923/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;good sport&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aunque este término se usa en contextos algo distintos) puede ser también calificado como un &lt;em&gt;trouper&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué término podría usarse entonces para definir a alguien que persiste ante las dificultades y supera los obstáculos sin quejarse en exceso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T15:34:36.390" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;trouper&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22557" CreationDate="2017-10-02T02:53:05.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizá la frase encierra la idea de que ponés todo tu empeño, y lográs distinguir tu obra, como que marcás tendencia, o como que dejás tu marca, porque hacés las cosas muy a tu estilo. En el buen sentido claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe ser algo regional, a veces acá en mi ciudad hacen frases nuevas cada temporada, que a veces surgen entre amigos, pero en este caso que te relato, no es un decir extendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T02:53:05.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22560" CreationDate="2017-10-02T03:58:51.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trooper&lt;/em&gt; es incorrecto.  &lt;em&gt;Trouper&lt;/em&gt; viene de los actores que siguen con el espectáculo a pesar de varios, o muchos, contratiempos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción va a depender del contexto, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juanito was a great patient, a real trouper throughout the whole procedure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juanito puso mucho de su parte, fue un buen paciente durante todo el procedimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The band members were real troupers.  They kept playing and gave a great show despite the downpour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los integrantes de la banda son a todo dar.  Siguieron tocando y montaron un buen espectáculo, a pesar del aguacero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hubiera preferido ver un ejemplo específico donde te gustaría tener un equivalente de &amp;quot;trouper&amp;quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T15:33:15.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T04:53:57.007" Score="6" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;In modern Spanish, the word &quot;se&quot; has several uses.  According to Butt &amp;amp; Benjamin's &lt;em&gt;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&lt;/em&gt;, there are at least eight different uses.  Among them we can count the formation of passive constructions and impersonal constructions, reflexive actions, reciprocal actions, and the changing of the meaning of a verb altogether (what are commonly called &quot;pronominal verbs&quot;.)  &quot;Se&quot; can also be used as an indirect object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, if we also consider &quot;sé&quot;, which can be both the present tense of &quot;saber&quot; and the command form of &quot;ser&quot;, we are left with at least ten usages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is this:  How did it come to pass that so many distinct uses of the word &quot;se&quot; arose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17783" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:19:39.510" Title="How did the word &quot;se&quot; come to have so many usages in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22550" CreationDate="2017-10-02T06:36:04.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que he dado con una expresión que podría servir, a ver qué te parece. En español existe la siguiente palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WqbbnhX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;runrún&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. &lt;strong&gt;rum rum&lt;/strong&gt; en aceps. 1-3, p. us.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voz onomat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Zumbido, ruido o sonido continuado y bronco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ruido confuso de voces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Voz que corre entre el público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra se puede usar de forma figurada en frases que implican que el &lt;em&gt;runrún&lt;/em&gt; es una voz, ruido o zumbido que oyes en tu cabeza, como en el siguiente ejemplo (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No podía no hablarse de la guerra. Isabel se daba cuenta de eso. Zamacois tenía siempre la guerra en la cabeza &lt;strong&gt;como un runrún&lt;/strong&gt;: los fusilamientos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Álvaro Pombo, &quot;Una ventana al norte&quot;, 2004 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, tu ejemplo se podría expresar en español con este modismo de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Janet le recordó a su marido lo de regalarles un perro a los niños para Navidad, a ver si se le quedaba ahí el runrún.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T06:36:04.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22567" CreationDate="2017-10-02T13:47:06.957" Score="3" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo que traducir una aplicación que estoy desarrollando en mi compañía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me podría decir cómo traducir la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;scrapbook&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren: &quot;borrador&quot;, &quot;cuaderno de recortes&quot;. Pero no sé si suenan bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2818" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T14:49:42.350" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T15:16:47.180" Title="Traducción al castellano de &quot;scrapbook&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-10-02T13:56:47.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strike&gt;179&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;173&lt;/strike&gt; 172 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hoy en el cole pensé en copiar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Fracaso justo o éxito injusto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ninguna opción mola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos engañan si pueden zafarse... Eso no me exime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por una vez... ¿O son excusas de vago?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En realidad, solo queremos éxito; así va el mundo. ¡Uf!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T09:56:15.253" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T09:56:15.253" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-02T13:56:47.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22565" CreationDate="2017-10-02T14:18:44.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Creo que has acertado con &lt;s&gt;borrador&lt;/s&gt; nota.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre una palabra que signifique &amp;quot;lugar en el que se guardan las notas&amp;quot;, por lo que usaría la traducción que pongo a continuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has puesto en un comentario el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add post to scrapbook&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo esto lo traduciría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añadir [post] a notas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T13:24:55.817" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22557" CreationDate="2017-10-02T14:21:27.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Como te lo marcas!&quot; o, como lo oigo yo mas a menudo, &quot;como te lo montas!&quot; quiere decir algo como &quot;Que bien vives!&quot;, haciendo referencia como ya has intuído a la buena pinta que tiene la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T14:21:27.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T14:42:32.987" Score="5" ViewCount="2007" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las muchísimas palabras que se usan en nuestro idioma para referirse al miembro masculino, en el diccionario tenemos la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PIgkP0D&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;minga&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acort. del n. p. &lt;em&gt;Dominga&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. malson. pene.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo decir que me llamó enormemente la atención de que la palabra se derivara de un nombre propio. Me fui a buscarlo al NTLLE y descubro que en el DLE solo lleva desde 1989, así que pensé que sería un término de reciente creación... hasta que me dio por mirar el diccionario del doctor Francisco del Rosal, de 1611, en el que se recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minga&lt;/strong&gt; al miembrecito de los niños, de Mingo, que en latín es orinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que la palabra tiene de reciente lo que yo de cura. El diccionario de Terreros y Pando de 1787 insiste en que su etimología viene del latín &lt;em&gt;mingo, -is&lt;/em&gt;, y lo define como &quot;miembro natural del hombre&quot;. Por tanto, ¿por qué no se recogió en el DLE hasta 1989 si desde el siglo XVII ya se usaba? ¿Y a cuento de qué afirman que viene del acortamiento del nombre propio &lt;em&gt;Dominga&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suspirava Menga por la pinga axena. Komo el otro: &quot;Llorava Ximena por la minga axena&quot;. &quot;Pinga&quot; dizen por lo ke los niños &quot;minga&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot;, 1627 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T15:00:45.287" LastActivityDate="2020-01-21T07:33:57.957" Title="El curioso origen de la palabra &quot;minga&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22560" CreationDate="2017-10-02T14:50:37.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo optaría por las siguientes palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=70HDbFA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Campeón&lt;/a&gt;, en su segunda acepción de la RAE: Persona que defiende esforzadamente una causa o doctrina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NeQcg1d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Luchador&lt;/a&gt;, en su primera acepción: Tenaz en el esfuerzo para sacar adelante su propósito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, noto una pequeña diferencia entre ambas: &quot;campeón&quot; me resulta un poco más familiar que &quot;luchador&quot;, que percibo como más formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás no sean tan vistosas como &quot;trouper&quot; en inglés, son mucho más literales, y puede que carezcan de algún matiz de la original, pero yo creo que se adaptan bastante bien a los ejemplos que propones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qué campeón, aguantó cuatro horas en la cola a pesar del diluvio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A pesar del resfriado, el estudiante fue a clase, qué campeón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El corredor se rompió un dedo del pie durante la carrera y aun así continuó, es un luchador/campeón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T15:34:36.390" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T15:34:36.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20678" CreationDate="2017-10-02T15:32:46.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Buen día&lt;/em&gt; siempre debe utilizarse cuando el sol está fuera y antes de las 12 PM. Si busca saber si se puede utilizar como otro modo de saludar, sí. El español presenta varios modos de saludar y &lt;em&gt;buen día&lt;/em&gt; es uno de ellos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo uso &lt;em&gt;buen día&lt;/em&gt; de noche cuando quiero hacer reír a mi interlocutor. El uso como planteas no es muy usado en todos los países. Culturalmente lleva en si un deseo hacia el otro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hola y Saludos son maneras de saludar secas y casi egocéntricas. Menos personales, mientras buen día es desearle al otro un buen día. Saludos es también seco, impersonal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17784" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T12:53:42.537" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T12:53:42.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22575" CreationDate="2017-10-02T15:45:20.147" Score="4" ViewCount="5316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se está en una conversación normal, es natural usar el verbo &quot;callar&quot; para dar a entender que no se va a decir nada más. En una conversación escrita, por ejemplo un chat en internet o en Whatsapp, ¿se puede usar este verbo para indicar que no se escribe más sobre un tema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo en una conversación escrita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No creo que debas preguntarme más sobre eso...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ok, ya me callo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pebbaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;callar  &lt;/a&gt;en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Omitir o no decir algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: No hablar, guardar silencio. Calla como un muerto. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Cesar de hablar. Cuando esto hubo dicho, calló. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer significado parece poder usarse en este contexto, pero no estoy seguro. ¿Hay otro verbo más orientado al escribir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T15:53:14.363" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T19:04:50.233" Title="¿Es posible &quot;callarse&quot; al escribir?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22573" CreationDate="2017-10-02T16:22:41.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basado en el uso corriente, la respuesta a tu pregunta es que sí, &lt;em&gt;callarse&lt;/em&gt; sí puede emplearse para decir &lt;em&gt;dejar de escribir&lt;/em&gt; en una conversación escrita (un chat en un sistema de mensajería como WhatsApp, por ejemplo). El sustantivo correspondiente, &lt;em&gt;silencio&lt;/em&gt;, también se puede usar en este contexto, así como otras frases que en sentido estricto se refieren al discurso hablado, como &lt;em&gt;no decir más (nada)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; hace tiempo que incluye el de &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt; cuando se habla de comunicación (no del acto físico propiamente dicho). No es raro leer, por ejemplo, titulares como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clinton dice en sus memorias que tuvo que dormir en el sofá varios meses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ricky Martin dice en su libro que sólo amó a un hombre y una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al especificar que se trata de un escrito, no nos queda duda de que &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; está usado en su sentido más amplio. Siendo que lo opuesto de &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; algo es &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt;, no es extraño que el significado de este último se haya extendido también a lo escrito, por simetría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me consta que exista un verbo simple que cumpla con el criterio de ser a &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt; lo que &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; es a &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T16:22:41.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22573" CreationDate="2017-10-02T16:29:30.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un uso extendido de &quot;callar&quot; aunque sea una conversación escrita, pero he notado que se intenta esquivar esa palabra, y se usan frases más elaboradas para hacerse entender. por ejemplo: Será mejor que no opines (en caso de querer dar una opinión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo sinceramente en que es mejor &quot;no decir nada&quot;, o &quot;no se lo digas&quot;, &quot;no lo digas&quot;, porque decir se puede decir con la voz, las señas o las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T16:29:30.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2017-10-02T17:51:37.813" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Volante&lt;/strong&gt;. Un panfleto lleva más de una página y se dobla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí la etimologia de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=volante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;volante&lt;/a&gt; y la de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=panfleto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;panfleto&lt;/a&gt; donde se denomina folleto difamatorio, propaganda política. Ninguna definición centra el nombre a una hoja de papel. La hoja de cartulina es también una hoja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17784" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T13:34:36.213" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T13:34:36.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22573" CreationDate="2017-10-02T19:04:50.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dejar, dejarlo ahí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que debas preguntarme más sobre eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está bien, ahí lo dejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya te dije muchas veces que bla bla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya.  Deja con ese tema por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Más fuerte sería &lt;em&gt;¡Ya basta con ese tema!&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T19:04:50.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-03T01:51:19.197" Score="5" ViewCount="4205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando el origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;poner mirando a Cuenca&lt;/em&gt; me he encontrado con un posible origen en la web, que hace referencia a una versión original &lt;em&gt;poner mirando a la Meca&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si pensamos en la postura que usan los musulmanes para rezar, la cosa empieza a cuadrar. Ellos rezan mirando al Este, lugar donde está La Meca. Si te sitúas en Madrid y trazas una línea recta hasta la principal ciudad de la región del Hiyaz, Cuenca es la primera población en ese recorrido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quo.es/ser-humano/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-te-voy-a-poner-mirando-a-cuenca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente: Quo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá es inventada (o son ese tipo de bulo que la gente toma por auténtico en Internet por no prestar atención a las fuentes, o es directamente un &lt;em&gt;fake&lt;/em&gt; creado para echarse unas risas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabe alguien cuál es el origen de la expresión &amp;quot;poner mirando a Cuenca&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-07-01T14:37:10.327" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T14:18:24.347" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;poner mirando a Cuenca&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22569" CreationDate="2017-10-03T06:40:28.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la DRAE confundió dos sentidos de la palabra: un apodo infántil &quot;Minga&quot; que proviene de nombre Dominga, y la &quot;minga&quot; que trata del pene y del orinar (quizás onomatopoeticamente, quizás del &lt;em&gt;minguere&lt;/em&gt; Latín -- gracias,  jalazbe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Domingo y Dominga no tienen nada que ver con &lt;em&gt;minguere&lt;/em&gt;, pero la DRAE los ha unido sin explicación en la definición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PIgDkJ8%7CPIgkP0D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;minga[2]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T16:33:48.660" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T16:33:48.660" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20954" CreationDate="2017-10-03T06:55:36.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &quot;cacerolada&quot; que Ud. ligó del año 1900 describe la comida que llena una cacerola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Francia ha tenido &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liberation.fr/france/2017/09/25/d-ou-viennent-les-concerts-de-casseroles_1598726&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;casserolades&lt;/a&gt;&quot; desde hace muchos años. En español, el &quot;cacerolazo&quot; ha sido una manifestación,  por lo menos desde &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.memoriachilena.cl/602/w3-article-100709.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La marcha de las cacerolas vacías&lt;/a&gt;&quot; contra Allende, en Chile, 1971. En esta foto se nota que fueron pocas ollas que se alzaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hm3s8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hm3s8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;La protesta&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T19:32:38.223" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T19:32:38.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22586" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22589" CreationDate="2017-10-03T10:43:11.357" Score="3" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me ha surgido una duda que igual puede ser muy tonta, pero os la comento a ver qué os parece. Ayer mismo estaba paseando con mi hijo mayor y nos estaba dando el sol, a lo que él se quejó. Le dije que aguantara hasta llegar donde unos árboles que allí nos iba a dar la sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y entonces pensé: ¿qué papel juega &quot;la sombra&quot; ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo las acepciones de &quot;dar&quot;, veo que hay una acepción intransitiva que encaja con la frase similar &quot;me da el sol&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;42&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho del sol, del aire, etc.: Incidir sobre alguna superficie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase &quot;me da el sol&quot;, parece claro que el sol es el sujeto de la acción &quot;incidir sobre una superficie&quot;. Pero para la frase &quot;me da la sombra&quot;, no sé si puedo aplicar esta acepción, dado que en el caso de la sombra se puede decir que algo es lo que hace que te dé sombra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y, para apoyar sus palabras con algún gesto simbólico, plantó los árboles que habrían de dar sombra en el futuro a la Place de la Victoire.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alejo Carpentier, &quot;El siglo de las luces&quot;, 1962 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este tipo de construcciones, hay un sujeto de la acción &quot;dar sombra&quot; (&quot;los árboles&quot; en el ejemplo), por lo que &quot;sombra&quot; sería el complemento directo de &quot;dar&quot;, usado como transitivo en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, si dices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquí nos da la sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se debe interpretar &quot;la sombra&quot; como sujeto de &quot;dar&quot; como intransitivo? ¿O se debe interpretar &quot;la sombra&quot; como complemento directo de la acción de que &quot;algo&quot; nos da su sombra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T11:59:52.290" Title="Si dices que &quot;te está dando la sombra&quot;, ¿&quot;la sombra&quot; es sujeto o complemento directo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;complemento-directo&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22586" CreationDate="2017-10-03T11:00:51.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que &quot;la sombra&quot; es el sujeto, y puede demostrarse intentando pasar la oración a voz pasiva, cosa imposible porque no hay objeto directo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Aquí la sombra es dada a nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso si ponemos &quot;la sombra&quot; en plural, veremos que el verbo ha de cambiar al plural (aunque suene un poco raro, pero no parece agramatical), con lo que se cumple la concordancia de número entre el sujeto y el verbo, confirmando que &quot;la sombra&quot; es el sujeto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquí nos dan las sombras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T11:00:51.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22591" CreationDate="2017-10-03T11:44:49.423" Score="3" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto la palabra &quot;millionarismo&quot; mencionada algunas veces y usando el traductor de Google la traduce al inglés como &quot;millionarism&quot;. Pero parece una palabra inventada, y varias veces la escriben con comillas. ¿Es una palabra correcta o un término inventado para salir del paso en alguna explicación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T13:52:16.340" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T13:52:16.340" Title="¿Es &quot;millionarismo&quot; una palabra válida?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22586" CreationDate="2017-10-03T11:59:52.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en el caso de la sombra se puede decir que algo es lo que hace que te dé sombra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que en el caso del sol, donde ese algo que hace que te dé el sol es el Sol (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=sol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con mayúscula&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu duda me recuerda un poco a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22397/le-vs-la-are-both-correct-here&quot;&gt;la mía sobra la/le&lt;/a&gt;, donde me da la sensación de que la función de cada elemento cambia según en cual quieres que recaiga la atención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, si quieres centrarte en que ahí hace sombra, dirás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aguanta hasta los árboles, que allí nos dará la sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si quieres centrarte en que son los árboles los que dan la sombra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aguanta hasta los árboles, que allí nos darán sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera, &quot;la sombra&quot; es sujeto de &quot;dar&quot; y hace el mismo papel que el sol, el aire y demás.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En la segunda, &quot;sombra&quot; es objeto directo de &quot;dar&quot;, siendo el sujeto los árboles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=YK6utrG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ni el DLE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=dar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ni el DPD&lt;/a&gt; recogen el uso de &quot;dar sombra&quot; en el sentido en que se usa en tu literario ejemplo (cosa que me ha sorprendido, la verdad).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si atendemos a eso, lo correcto sería &quot;dar sombra&quot; para la sombra, y &quot;hacer sombra&quot; para los árboles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aguanta hasta los árboles, que allí nos dará la sombra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aguanta hasta los árboles, que allí nos harán sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T11:59:52.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22593" CreationDate="2017-10-03T12:58:37.180" Score="8" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading a children's novel, &lt;em&gt;El león, la bruja y el ropero&lt;/em&gt;, translated into Spanish by the Chilean editorial group Andrés Bello.  I came across a form of &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; that I can't explain.  In context, several children are walking along the top of a narrow dam in the winter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A un costado se encontraba, al mismo nivel, esa gran superficie helada; y al otro &lt;strong&gt;veíase&lt;/strong&gt; una brusca caída hacia el fondo del río.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This looks like a passive &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, paralleled by &lt;em&gt;se encontraba&lt;/em&gt;, so I would have written &lt;em&gt;se veía&lt;/em&gt;, but that's not what is found here.  I'm speculating that it's related to the archaic/literary &lt;em&gt;érase&lt;/em&gt; (as in &quot;érase una vez&quot;), but I'm not sure how.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is this construction called? What rules govern it (only certain verbs, only imperfect indicative, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama la forma gramática de la palabra &lt;em&gt;veíase&lt;/em&gt; en el pasaje supra?  Respuestas en español están bienvenidas también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-22T09:56:02.017" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T09:56:02.017" Title="What type of construction is verb+&quot;se&quot;, like in the word &quot;veíase&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;morfología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22588" CreationDate="2017-10-03T13:01:30.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay muchas instancias de la palabra &lt;em&gt;millionarism&lt;/em&gt; en internet. La más frecuente y posiblemente la más antigua es &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=RKxkAwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PT32&amp;amp;ots=JoL0QKdMHT&amp;amp;dq=what%20is%20millionarism&amp;amp;pg=PT32#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=millionarism&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de William D. Howells&lt;/a&gt; en una crítica a los poemas de Emily Dickinson en 1891. Aparece en textos más modernos e incluso en foros de discusión, pero no en los diccionarios a los que puedo acceder. Parece significar &quot;veneración del estilo de vida de los millonarios (personas muy ricas en dinero)&quot; o &quot;aspiración a convertirse en millonario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso no existe en castellano, pero si fuéramos a adoptar la palabra, lógica y analógicamente debería ser como &lt;em&gt;millonarismo&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;-llo-&lt;/em&gt;, no con &lt;em&gt;-llio-&lt;/em&gt; como en inglés). Por el contexto debería ser claro su significado. Queda a criterio del lector si inventar neologismos de esta manera funciona en cada caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T13:01:30.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22590" CreationDate="2017-10-03T13:41:24.647" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el español literario, es algo más frecuente encontrar &lt;strong&gt;enclisis&lt;/strong&gt;, o el posicionamiento de un pronombre átono después del verbo (y en tal caso, se escribe junto al verbo, tildando si es necesario).  No había restricción en los tiempos verbales ni en los verbos.  Las reglas de su uso varían a lo largo de la historia del español, pero por lo general eran estas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el verbo iniciaba la frase, era obligatoria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el verbo iba en negativa, era prohibida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si algo enfático (adverbios, pronombres relativos, objetos contrastivos) iba en frente del verbo, era menos probable y a veces imposible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el verbo venía después de una pausa leve, era más probable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En los tiempos futuro y condicional, y en el español más o menos del siglo XV para atrás, era posible &lt;em&gt;mesoclisis&lt;/em&gt;, y los pronombres iban dentro del verbo: &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;ía&lt;/em&gt; (se vería), &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;strong&gt;melo&lt;/strong&gt;ás&lt;/em&gt; (me lo darás)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay algunos hablantes en el noroeste de España, sean también hablantes o no del gallego o asturiano, en los cuales la enclisis es regla fija, que lo hacen naturalmente hoy día, pero para los demás hispanohablantes, es decir, la plena mayoría, hacerlo puede tener connotaciones arcaicas o literarias, como bien dices de &lt;em&gt;érase&lt;/em&gt; (excepto que &lt;em&gt;érase&lt;/em&gt; queda hoy más como fórmula idiomática).  Ya que la editorial es chilena, no sé qué le habrá ocurrido al traductor emplear la enclisis, especialmente si no la emplea comúnmente en otras partes del libro.  &lt;em&gt;Paréceme&lt;/em&gt; raro. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T17:44:44.670" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T17:44:44.670" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22600" CreationDate="2017-10-03T16:11:31.313" Score="6" ViewCount="740" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DPD se explica el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=phjmVDAG4D6WPVG3Nr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;haber de + infinitivo&lt;/a&gt; cuando se usa para hablar del futuro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... A veces expresa, simplemente, acción futura: «¡No he de morir hasta enmendarlo!» (Cuzzani Cortés [Arg. 1988]);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las terminaciones que tenemos para formar el futuro son muy parecidas a las del verbo haber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comeré, comerás, comeremos &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He de comer, has de comer, hemos de comer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comer h[e], comer h[as], comer h[emos]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible qué este uso del &quot;haber&quot; para denotar futuro sea el origen de la terminación que tenemos para el futuro simple, o es coincidencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T11:10:36.430" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T09:16:49.503" Title="¿Es &quot;haber de&quot; el origen del futuro simple en español?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22602" CreationDate="2017-10-03T21:19:55.090" Score="14" ViewCount="1427" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodylidae&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se encuentra el nombre de la familia (imagino que será latín) a la que pertenecen los cocodrilos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los crocodílidos (Crocodylidae) son una familia de saurópsidos (reptiles) arcosaurios comúnmente conocidos como cocodrilo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También está el nombre científico de uno en particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una especie, el cocodrilo marino (&lt;em&gt;Crocodylus porosus&lt;/em&gt;) es el mayor de los cocodrilos de la actualidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta acá uno pensaría que lo correcto es crocodilo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en otros idiomas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inglés: crocodile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alemán: Krokodil&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual esas son lenguas germanas, pero yendo un poco más cerca a nuestra lengua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Portugués: crocodilo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Francés: crocodile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en español se dice cocodrilo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-19T16:15:18.643" Title="¿Por qué no decimos &quot;crocodilo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22603" CreationDate="2017-10-03T23:50:12.063" Score="5" ViewCount="5164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;How was your day?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure I've got a good understanding of when to use &quot;estar&quot; and &quot;ser.&quot;  What continues to give me trouble is when to use &quot;estaba,&quot; &quot;estuvo,&quot; or &quot;fue,&quot; especially with topics found in small talk such as the weather and other daily topics.  Lately, I've been trying to learn more conversational Spanish and was wondering how to say something as simple as &quot;How was your day?&quot;  Oftentimes when I have a question about a past or imperfect tense, I'll formulate the same sentence using present tense and make assumptions about past tense from there.  In this instance, I would likely say, in response to that type of question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My day &lt;strong&gt;has been&lt;/strong&gt; good/bad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi día &lt;strong&gt;ha sido&lt;/strong&gt; bueno/malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... especially if I were referring to the current day.  If, on the other hand, I happened to be referring to the day before, I would say, instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My day &lt;strong&gt;was&lt;/strong&gt; good/bad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi día &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; bueno/malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, more likely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;had&lt;/strong&gt; a good/bad day.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Tuve&lt;/strong&gt; un buen/mal día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordinarily, I would think that such phrases would be best expressed with the translations you see above for each and from this, I assume that &quot;How was your day?&quot; should be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;ha sido&lt;/strong&gt; tu día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; tu día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I wanted to check my assumptions with at least one other reference, so I searched for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How was your day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;over on Reverso.  My search showed me the following translations (number of translations in parentheses):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/strong&gt; (92)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo fue tu día?&lt;/strong&gt; (56)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I glanced at the English translations for each to see if I could detect any difference in meaning through context, but there did not appear to be any.  If there really isn't much of a difference between these two versions and it is simply a matter of personal preference, do Spanish grammarians consider these two different versions as having different meanings?  And if so, what are they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often ask Spanish speakers or those who are fluent if there are any differences in formality between two different words or phrases.  I was going to ask that about these two versions of &quot;How was your day?&quot; but then I looked at &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/how+was+your+day&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the Reverso examples.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  If they are an indicator, clearly there aren't any (differences in formality).  What do you think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing.  I was listening to a YouTube video a while back.  I can't remember the name of the video, but I remember someone saying something like you use &quot;fue&quot; if you're referring to yesterday and &quot;estuvo&quot; if you're referring to something in the more recent past (such as earlier that day).  This might then explain why I see more translations of &quot;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&quot; because I think most of the time, when people ask this question, they're really asking for some sort of recap of what the current day has been like thus far rather than asking about the day before.  Thoughts?  Opinions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance for your time and attention to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy bastante seguro que tengo una buena comprensión de cuándo usar «estar» y «ser».  Lo que me sigue dando problemas es cuándo usar «estaba», «estuvo», y «fue», especialmente con temas se encuentra en charla como el clima y otros temas cotidianos.  Últimamente, he estado tratando aprender más de español conversacional y me preguntaba cómo decir algo tan simple como “How was your day?”  Muchas veces cuando tengo una pregunta sobre un tiempo en el pasado — pretérito o imperfecto — formularé la misma oración usando el tiempo presente y al hacerlo, puedo hacer unos supuestos sobre el tiempo correcto usar en el pasado.  En esta instancia, es probable que diría, en respuesta a ese tipo de pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My day &lt;strong&gt;has been&lt;/strong&gt; good/bad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi día &lt;strong&gt;ha sido&lt;/strong&gt; bueno/malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;… especialmente si me refiriera al día actual.  Si, por otra parte, resulta que refería a anteayer, diría, en cambio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My day &lt;strong&gt;was&lt;/strong&gt; good/bad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi día &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; bueno/malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o, más probable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;had&lt;/strong&gt; a good/bad day.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Tuve&lt;/strong&gt; un buen/mal día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, pensaría que esas expresiones se expresarían mejor con las traducciones que ven arriba para cada una y de ésto, asumo que “How was your day?” debe traducirse como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha sido tu día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo fue tu día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, quería verificar mis suposiciones con al menos otro referencia, así que busqué&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How was your day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;allá en Reverso.  Mi búsqueda me mostró las siguientes traducciones (número de traducciones en paréntesis):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/strong&gt; (92)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo fue tu día?&lt;/strong&gt; (56)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miré las traducciones inglesas para cada una oración en español para ver si podría detectar aún un poquito de diferencia en significado a través del contexto, pero no vi ningunas diferencias.  Si no hay mucho de una diferencia entre estas dos versiones y es simplemente un asunto de preferencia personal, ¿consideran los gramáticos estas dos versiones diferentes por haber significados diferentes?  Y, en caso afirmativo, ¿cuáles son?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces, pregunto a hablantes de español o a personas que hablan con fluidez, si hay algunas diferencias en formalidad entre dos palabras o frases.  Iba a preguntar esa pregunta sobre estas dos versiones de “How was your day?” pero entonces miré &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/how+was+your+day&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;los ejemplos de Reverso.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Si ellos son indicativos de la lengua española en general, claramente, no hay ningunas (diferencias en formalidad).  ¿Qué creen ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una última cosa.  Estaba escuchando a un vídeo de YouTube hace un tiempo.  No puedo recordar su título, pero recuerdo alguien diciendo algo como se usa «fue» si usted se refiere a ayer y «estuvo» si usted se refiere a algo en el pasado más reciente (como más temprano ese día).  Ésto puede explicar entonces la razón que veo más traducciones de &quot;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&quot; porque creo que la mayoría del tiempo, cuando la gente pregunta esa pregunta, está preguntando realmente para algún tipo de recapitulación de lo que el día actual ha sido hasta ese momento en vez de preguntar sobre anteayer.  ¿Pensamientos?  ¿Opiniones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano por su tiempo y atención a esa pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T23:55:46.903" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T19:46:38.210" Title="How do you say, &quot;How was your day?&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22616" CreationDate="2017-10-04T03:40:28.320" Score="3" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la California colonial había un cañón: &quot;El cojo&quot;, y un rancho: &quot;Moro cojo&quot;. No se notan moros residentes y &lt;a href=&quot;https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/40685/which-lame-moor-was-the-namesake-of-rancho-moro-cojo&quot;&gt;una leyenda sugiere&lt;/a&gt; que &quot;el moro cojo&quot; no era un hombre moro y cojo, sino un caballo oscuro y cojo. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PqZDbAp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE sí tiene&lt;/a&gt; un significado que justifique el uso del adjetivo &quot;moro&quot; para aplicar a un caballo, pero en el nombre del rancho no pusieron ese sustantivo, &quot;caballo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero saber si los californianos llegaron a hablar del caballo con puros adjetivos, sin sustantivo. Fuera de la cuestión de por qué nombrar lugares así, ¿es posible que &quot;el cojo&quot; y &quot;el moro cojo&quot; fueran caballos? Si es que sí, ¿sabríamos si fueran? La ambigüedad me está cargando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. Ya aprendí que &quot;El Cojo&quot; era una persona, jefe Chumash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:16:10.627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:16:10.627" Title="¿Un &quot;moro cojo&quot; era un caballo en la California de 1825?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22596" CreationDate="2017-10-04T06:49:23.883" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un caso de metátesis parcial (movimiento de un sonido a otra parte de la palabra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente estos fenómenos se consideran vulgares y no prosperan (p. ej. &quot;cocreta&quot;), pero algunas veces son las formas con metátesis las que prosperan (como &quot;cocodrilo&quot;, &quot;murciélago&quot;, etc.). No hay ninguna razón aparente para que unas veces sí y otras no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T06:49:23.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22595" CreationDate="2017-10-04T07:20:42.593" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es conocido que el tiempo futuro actual se originó a partir de la forma &quot;indicativo + haber&quot;. En la Wikipedia en inglés &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_tense#Future_tense_with_habere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se nos cuenta que&lt;/a&gt; (traducción):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque el latín clásico usaba sufijos verbales para expresar el futuro, el latín vulgar adoptó el uso de &lt;em&gt;habere&lt;/em&gt; con el infinitivo, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;petant aut non petant venire habet&lt;/em&gt; (lo quieran o no, vendrá)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta construcción se derivan los tiempos simples futuros de la mayoría de lenguas romances. Conforme el verbo auxiliar fue perdiendo fuerza (de un verbo que expresaba obligación, deseo o intención a un simple marcador de tiempo), perdió también su autonomía sintáctica (convirtiéndose en un enclítico) y su sustancia fonológica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, la secuencia en latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;amare habeo&lt;/em&gt; dio origen al &lt;em&gt;aimerai&lt;/em&gt; francés, al &lt;em&gt;amaré&lt;/em&gt; español, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, en la primera gramática de la RAE, compuesta en 1771, podemos leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] debe advertirse que el futuro de indicativo, y la segunda terminacion del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo, que hoy son tiempos simples, parece que se usaron en lo antiguo como compuestos, y si no lo eran, tenían á lo menos la singularidad de partirse, y admitir en medio algún pronombre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A favor de la composicion hay varios lugares de nuestras leyes, crónicas, y escrituras antiguas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de aquí muestra los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo que oistes en poridad predicarlo hedes sobre los tejados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mientra que yo pueda, facerlo he asi.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;E yo librarlo he como tuviese por bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y explica que &quot;predicarlo hedes&quot; (o &quot;habedes&quot;) equivale a &quot;predicaréis&quot;, y que &quot;facerlo de&quot; y &quot;librarlo he&quot; equivalen, respectivamente, a &quot;lo haré&quot; y &quot;lo libraré&quot;. Concluye así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y de todos tres exemplos se puede inferir verosimilmente la composicion del futuro de indicativo con el verbo principal y el auxiliar &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha resultado curioso que, en esta primera gramática de la RAE, se considera que el futuro compuesto de indicativo es &quot;he de amar&quot;, mientras que &quot;habré amado&quot; y &quot;hubiere amado&quot; son los futuros compuestos de subjuntivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, en los albores del español este cambio ya estaba completado. Al menos en el siglo XIII ya se escribía el futuro simple de indicativo con la forma actual (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo sso el pan biuo que desçendí del çielo, e qui comiere deste pan &lt;strong&gt;biurá&lt;/strong&gt; por ssienpre; et el pan que yo &lt;strong&gt;daré&lt;/strong&gt; es mi carne por vida del mundo; et non &lt;strong&gt;sserá&lt;/strong&gt; esto commo uuestros padres, que comieron la magna en el desierto e murieron, mas este pan que uos yo do es cutiano por ssienpre iamás.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;Setenario&quot;, c1252-1270 (España)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso en el siglo XII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues esso queredes, Cid, a mí mandedes ál:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dadme ciento e treinta cavalleros pora huebos de lidiar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando vós los fuéredes ferir, &lt;strong&gt;entraré&lt;/strong&gt; yo del otra part;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  o de amas o del una Dios nos &lt;strong&gt;valdrá&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma que prevaleció hasta más tarde fue, como indica la primera gramática, la del futuro en forma de &quot;infinitivo + haber&quot; con pronombre intermedio, e incluso mezclado con el futuro actual: &lt;em&gt;&quot;...et yo averé fuego et echarlo he aí en la leña...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (anónimo, 1251).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T09:16:49.503" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T09:16:49.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17100" CreationDate="2017-10-04T07:22:57.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues resulta que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22586/13628&quot;&gt;a raíz de otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, me encuentro con que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=dar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene ¡53 acepciones y 52 locuciones! Algunas de las cuales tienen de por sí varias acepciones también, ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar abajo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Precipitarse, dejarse caer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;. Excluir o despedir a alguien de algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;. Retirar de su uso un objeto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;. Rechazar una propuesta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo incluyo en el &lt;em&gt;ranking&lt;/em&gt; de la respuesta CW.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T07:22:57.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22596" CreationDate="2017-10-04T07:57:29.420" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Sabíais que en el DLE, de hecho, está registrada la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BKlR2nm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;crocodilo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? Dice que es voz poco usada, pero parece que algo se usa a fin de cuentas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, ambas formas (&lt;em&gt;crocodilo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cocodrilo&lt;/em&gt;) aparecen en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611. Ya por entonces la versión &lt;em&gt;cocodrilo&lt;/em&gt; debía ser la más usada, dado que la entrada de &lt;em&gt;crocodilo&lt;/em&gt; redirige a aquella. Eso sí, en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;cocodrilo&lt;/em&gt; bien se asegura nada más empezar de decir que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;està corrõpido el vocablo de Crocodilo [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para luego pasar a usar &quot;crocodilo&quot; en el resto de la definición. De hecho, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1729) pasa al revés: &quot;cocodrilo&quot; simplemente redirige a &quot;crocodilo&quot;. Esto hace notar que, al menos hasta principios del siglo XVIII, la versión &quot;crocodilo&quot; era considerada la culta, y &quot;cocodrilo&quot; vendría a ser algo así como decir &quot;cocreta&quot; (solo que aceptado). Sin embargo, esto no tardó en revertirse, porque en 1780 ya la definición de &quot;crocodilo&quot; redirigía a &quot;cocodrilo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación es, como dice Paco, una metátesis producida por la mayor facilidad de pronunciación de una variante con respecto de la otra. La diferencia con &quot;cocreta&quot; es que la metátesis se produjo desde el primer momento, de hecho se encuentran casos de &quot;cocodrilo&quot; en textos del siglo XV, pero &quot;crocodilo&quot; no aparece hasta el siglo XVI (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mandibula somerana non se mueue en njngunt anjmal afueras enel &lt;strong&gt;cocodrilo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Arte complida de cirugía&quot;, a 1450 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...e fázense en aquel río unos grandes animales de cuatro pies que dizen &lt;strong&gt;crocodilos&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rodrigo Fernández de Santaella, &quot;Traducción del Libro de Marco Polo&quot;, 1503 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta 1600 podemos encontrar en el CORDE 83 casos (en 36 documentos) de &quot;cocodrilo&quot;, y 74 casos (en 16 documentos) de &quot;crocodilo&quot;. Desde 1600 hasta 1699 hay 113 casos (en 68 documentos) de &quot;cocodrilo&quot; y 19 casos (en 6 documentos) de &quot;crocodilo&quot;. Se nota ya una considerable disminución de &quot;crocodilo&quot; en favor de &quot;cocodrilo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &quot;cocreta&quot;, la metátesis no ha pasado de la expresión oral a la escrita, al haberse producido con posterioridad a la introducción de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.: Encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://dicciomed.eusal.es/lexema/cocodrilo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente afirmación&lt;/a&gt; sobre la etimología de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chantraine da por buena la etimología de Heródoto que lo explica por &lt;em&gt;krókē&lt;/em&gt; κρόκη 'guijarro' y &lt;em&gt;drîlos&lt;/em&gt; δρῖλος 'gusano', es decir 'lagarto que anda entre los guijarros' que se aplicó primero a las lagartijas, lagartos y finalmente a los cocodrilos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.D.2: Gracias a los &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.meneame.net/m/Etimologia/no-decimos-crocodilo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comentaristas en menéame&lt;/a&gt; por aportar palabras con casos similares de metátesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X21qv8W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Salchicha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; cuando debería ser &lt;em&gt;salsicha&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso parece que la metátesis ocurrió en italiano, de donde la importamos ya así.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B7UhSrK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Costra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; cuando debería ser &lt;em&gt;crosta&lt;/em&gt; (viene del latín &lt;em&gt;crusta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q6me6bm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Murciélago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; cuando debería ser &lt;em&gt;murciégalo&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;mur caecŭlus&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T17:53:02.543" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T17:53:02.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22597" CreationDate="2017-10-04T11:24:24.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como la mayoría de las respuestas que obtendrás aquí, depende enormemente del país. De todas maneras, creo que, aunque puedes decir &quot;tu día&quot;, está más extendido &quot;el día&quot;. De la misma manera que decimos &quot;Lávate las manos&quot; y no &quot;Lávate tus manos&quot;, como cabría esperar de una traducción literal de &quot;wash your hands&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, en esta expresión solemos incluir un pronombre reflexivo, para indicar cómo fue &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; día, y no el día en general. De manera que preguntamos &quot;¿Cómo te fue?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Latinoamérica (creo que en general) y en algunas zonas del norte de España, el uso del pasado compuesto es prácticamente inexistente. En estas zonas casi siempre oirás&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; el día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en el resto de las regiones de España, hacemos la distinción que tú mencionas. De manera que decimos &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; si hablamos de ayer, y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te &lt;strong&gt;ha ido&lt;/strong&gt; el día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si hablamos del día de hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con tener, lo mismo: &lt;strong&gt;tuve&lt;/strong&gt; para días precedentes y &lt;strong&gt;he tenido&lt;/strong&gt; para el día de hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto al uso de &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;, en España no lo usamos en ese sentido, pero está ampliamente extendido en Latinoamérica. Usaríamos &quot;Cómo estuvo el día&quot; de manera general, para indicar por ejemplo, el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberte ayudado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="2573" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T16:03:14.263" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T16:03:14.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22550" CreationDate="2017-10-04T12:30:06.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;apuntarse (algo) en la cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; would be a valid translation. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put a bug in his ear about giving Helen a call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could be translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije que se apuntara (bien) en la cabeza (el / lo de) llamar a Helen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard too &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;métete bien esto en tu cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, but I find it a little bit aggresive. It's like you have to interiorize the sentence as a must, or forever:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije que se metiera bien en la cabeza que tiene que llamar a Helen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Métete bien en la cabeza que tienes que llamar a Helen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &amp;quot;que no se te pase&amp;quot;. Where &amp;quot;pasar&amp;quot; is used with the meaning of &amp;quot;olvidar&amp;quot; like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que no se te pase llamar a Helen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que no se te olvide llamar a Helen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14880" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T12:30:06.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22598" CreationDate="2017-10-04T14:17:29.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es perfectamente posible. Aunque el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; aplicado a caballos no entró en el DLE hasta 1925, mucho antes ya se usaba en textos escritos. En España tenemos este de 1789:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se vende un caballo moro en el Parador de Zarogoza y Barcelona, el mozo de la Posada dará razon.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0005412258&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=%22caballo%20moro%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diario de Madrid, 15/1/1789&lt;/a&gt;, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en América tenemos este otro de mediados del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabe que López tiene en su poder su caballo moro sin mandárselo, y Quiroga se enfurece con la noticia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, &quot;Facundo. Civilización y barbarie&quot;, 1845-1874 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, se sabe que los caballos eran una parte importante de la vida a principios del siglo XIX en aquella zona, dado que constituían el principal medio de tracción y de locomoción. Luego no sería de extrañar que un rancho pudiera denominarse en función de algún caballo notable (por el motivo que fuera). Y, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22598/es-posible-que-un-moro-cojo-fuera-un-caballo#comment36235_22598&quot;&gt;ya ha dicho Gorpik&lt;/a&gt; en los comentarios, los adjetivos referentes a caballos se sustantivan con facilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T14:17:29.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22597" CreationDate="2017-10-04T15:31:01.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others already said, this can vary on the region/country, but at least in Colombia, these expressions are usual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tal estuvo tu día?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo te fue hoy? (No es una traducción exacta pero el sentido de la oración es el mismo). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T15:31:01.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22597" CreationDate="2017-10-04T17:28:00.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí interpretar &lt;em&gt;how was your day?&lt;/em&gt; corresponde simplemente a decir, idiomáticamente: &lt;em&gt;¿cómo te fue hoy?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas variaciones incluyen: &lt;em&gt;¿cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿qué tal estuvo el día?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interpretar esto haciendo uso del antepresente, me llevaría a interpretarlo con dos connotaciones distintas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/em&gt; (= el día ya terminó; mi día laborable terminó; mis acciones del día ya terminaron.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo ha estado tu día?&lt;/em&gt; (= el día aún no termina; mi día laborable aún continúa; mis acciones del día siguen en curso.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del antepresente, al menos en Chile, es bastante recurrente y posee matices diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T17:28:00.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22597" CreationDate="2017-10-04T18:59:04.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;En Argentina:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te fue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué onda tu día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T21:43:35.653" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T21:43:35.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22550" CreationDate="2017-10-04T22:19:40.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think one can use the idea explained &lt;a href=&quot;http://thegrammarexchange.infopop.cc/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/340600179/m/1561069754&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Put a bug in someone's ear&quot; means to subtly plant an idea in someone's head, an idea that you hope he will think about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Plantar/implantar una idea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Insinuar una idea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T22:19:40.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22550" CreationDate="2017-10-04T23:55:46.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina utilizamos la siguientes frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Que se te grabe en la cabeza!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Que se te incruste en la cabeza!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T00:37:47.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22614" CreationDate="2017-10-05T02:27:56.557" Score="4" ViewCount="730" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés existe el modismo &lt;code&gt;to cut (one's) teeth&lt;/code&gt; con el significado de aprender a hacer o dominar algo. A veces se implica  el matiz de &amp;quot;a muy corta edad&amp;quot; o cuando eres joven, incluyendo el matiz de &amp;quot;ya dominé esto hace mucho mucho tiempo&amp;quot;. Otras veces el matiz es como de una experiencia &amp;quot;temprana&amp;quot; (cuando estás empezando con algo), como en el primer trabajo, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To cut (one's) teeth&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To gain experience with something, especially at a young age (when one's teeth would be coming in).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[for a baby or young person] to have new teeth emerging through the gums.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/cutting+my+teeth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Freedictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el enlace indica, el modismo se basa en una analogía con los dientes que les salen a los niños que &amp;quot;cortan&amp;quot; la encía al salir. Algunos ejemplos más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oh, I &lt;em&gt;cut my teeth&lt;/em&gt; on those kinds of equations! Give me a challenging problem for a change!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jen may be young, but &lt;em&gt;she cut her teeth&lt;/em&gt; at a prestigious journal, so her perspective and expertise will be invaluable to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That actor &lt;em&gt;cut his teeth&lt;/em&gt; on theater and other low-budget films. Those where his first jobs, and now he is ready for Hollywood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When I started to learn Spanish I &lt;em&gt;cut my teeth&lt;/em&gt; on Mexican movies so I know a lot of slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en español algún modismo que tenga el mismo significado de &amp;quot;Hace ya mucho tiempo que aprendí a hacer esto&amp;quot;? Yo en un primer momento pensé en la expresión &amp;quot;dejarse la piel (aprendiendo algo)&amp;quot;, pero en este caso no tiene sentido porque no hay connotación de &amp;quot;aprendí esto hace mucho tiempo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;lo aprendí cuando era muy joven&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T16:03:37.667" Title="¿Existe en español algún modismo que tenga el mismo significado de &quot;to cut my teeth&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22611" CreationDate="2017-10-05T03:14:56.717" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hola con respecto a: &quot;lo aprendí cuando era muy joven&quot;, existe una frase que puede que sea equivalente. &quot;cuando vos vas, yo ya fuí y volví tres veces&quot;. Denota, que uno es experto en el tema, y está sobre el interlocutor. Sí no es lo que buscas disculpa. Es lo que se me ocurre en este momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T03:14:56.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22611" CreationDate="2017-10-05T05:44:55.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para decir que tienes mucha experiencia en algo hay unas cuantas palabras y expresiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estar curtido en algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ser perro viejo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avezado en estas lides&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ninguna de estas incluye el sentido de haber aprendido algo muy joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T05:44:55.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22611" CreationDate="2017-10-05T06:34:19.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente, yo creo que la expresión que encaja en todos los ejemplos que has propuesto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BlNrue5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar curtido en algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Estar acostumbrado a ello o diestro en hacerlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión tiene el sentido de haber aprendido algo hace tiempo, aunque no necesariamente de joven. Así, tus ejemplos quedarían así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Estoy curtido en este tipo de ecuaciones!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jen se curtió en un periódico de prestigio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese actor se curtió en el teatro y en pelis de bajo presupuesto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me curtí viendo pelis mexicanas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que también uso directamente el verbo &lt;em&gt;curtir&lt;/em&gt;, aunque con un sentido más parecido al del modismo que a la acepción 3 (&quot;acostumbrar a alguien a la vida dura y a sufrir adversidades que puedan sobrellevarse con el paso del tiempo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se me ocurre el siguiente modismo, que encajaría solo en algunos de los casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Yo hacía esas ecuaciones cuando iba en pañales!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en este caso lo de &quot;ir en pañales&quot; no se suele tomar como que aprendiste a hacerlo de joven, sino simplemente que lo aprendiste hace tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T06:34:19.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22615" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T06:49:47.753" Score="2" ViewCount="566" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la investigación para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22600/12637&quot;&gt;mi respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22595/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es &amp;quot;haber de&amp;quot; el origen del futuro simple en espa&amp;#241;ol?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; descubrí que en la primera gramática publicada por la RAE se tenía que el futuro compuesto del indicativo era &lt;em&gt;he de amar&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que &lt;em&gt;habré amado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hubiere amado&lt;/em&gt; eran los tiempos futuros compuestos del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamó la atención este detalle, por lo cual pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Se entendía entonces (siglo XVIII) el tiempo &lt;em&gt;habré amado&lt;/em&gt; de forma diferente a como se hace ahora, para justificar su inclusión en el modo subjuntivo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuándo consideró la RAE que el tiempo &lt;em&gt;habré amado&lt;/em&gt; debía pasar del modo subjuntivo al indicativo? ¿Qué razones dio?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como pista para resolver esta duda, comentar las diferencias que existen entre la definición actual del &lt;em&gt;modo subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; y la de 1771:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual: &quot;modo con que se marca lo expresado por el predicado como información virtual, inespecífica, no verificada o no experimentada&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Antigua: &quot;el que necesita juntarse con otro verbo expreso ó suplido que perfeccione el sentido de la oración&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se consideraba que el tiempo &quot;habré amado&quot; no podía ir solo en una oración, y que siempre debía ir acompañado de otro verbo (ya sea de forma explícita o implícita). Pone la primera gramática los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Justo es que yo &lt;em&gt;ame&lt;/em&gt; á quien me ama.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;em&gt;escribiria&lt;/em&gt; si pudiese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos ejemplos se ve que una frase que sea simplemente &quot;yo ame&quot; o &quot;yo escribiría&quot; queda como incompleta (nótese que el tiempo &quot;escribiría&quot; se consideraba entonces &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22067/12637&quot;&gt;parte del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;). ¿Es esto así? ¿Realmente el actual futuro compuesto de indicativo no podía ir solo en una oración en el siglo XVIII?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T08:19:36.190" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T08:19:36.190" Title="¿Cuándo pasó el tiempo &quot;habré amado&quot; a formar parte del modo indicativo?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22598" CreationDate="2017-10-05T09:17:34.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre usar &quot;moro&quot; para describir un caballo, ya te ha respondido Carlos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Yo me voy a centrar en la plausibilidad de que el nombre del caballo fuese &quot;Moro Cojo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te voy a poner, como ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elartetaurino.com/toros%20famosos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombres de toros famosos&lt;/a&gt; basados en el color de su pelaje o en sus características físicas:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Sedoso&lt;/strong&gt;, por la suavidad del pelaje.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Desteñido&lt;/strong&gt;, por el color claro del pelaje.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Harinero&lt;/strong&gt;, por el color blanquecino.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Barbudo&lt;/strong&gt;, por tener pelo largo en el menton.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Melenito&lt;/strong&gt;, por tener largo el pelo de la cabeza.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Bragao&lt;/strong&gt;, por tener el vientre de distinto color que el resto del cuerpo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Sordito&lt;/strong&gt;, presumiblemente por no oir bien (o por ignorar al criador jeje).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;strong&gt;Merino&lt;/strong&gt;, presumiblemente por tener el pelaje o la nariz parecidas a las de una oveja de raza merina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin buscar mucho, se pueden encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.noticaballos.com/nombres-de-caballos.html#Otras_opciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombres de caballo que siguen los mismos patrones&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;el color del pelaje&lt;/strong&gt; del animal suele ser un factor clave para designar un nombre. De ahí, que encontremos caballos llamados: &lt;strong&gt;Colorado, Cenizo&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. También, &lt;strong&gt;el carácter&lt;/strong&gt; del animal suele ayudar mucho en la decisión final, y de ahí surgen nombres como: &lt;strong&gt;Furia, Salvaje, Bravo&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que, a la vista de lo anterior, a nadie extrañaría que un caballo se llamase &quot;Moro&quot; o &quot;Moro Cojo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que el rancho tomase el nombre del caballo, tampoco es algo fuera de lo común, estoy seguro de que puedes encontrar ejemplos similares de ranchos con el nombre propio de una persona o animal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T09:17:34.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22625" CreationDate="2017-10-05T13:59:22.663" Score="5" ViewCount="1168" Body="&lt;p&gt;A tweet has become quite successful during the last weeks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vosotros hablando de «fake news» y «posverdad» cuando el castellano tiene una palabra hermosa para eso:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vmUeN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vmUeNm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/lacrimaererum86/status/908035194556477441&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y'all taking about &quot;fake news&quot; and &quot;posverdad&quot; when Spanish has a beautiful word for that: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RlvnOag&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;paparrucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;posverdad&lt;/em&gt; is the Spanish translation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.es/2016/11/16/palabra-ano-2016_n_13004172.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;post-truth&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And indeed the author seems to be right, as DLE defines the word as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RlvnOag&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paparrucha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;páparo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. coloq. Noticia falsa y desatinada de un suceso, esparcida entre el vulgo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. coloq. Tontería, estupidez, cosa insustancial y desatinada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. León. Masa blanda, como la del barro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;em&gt;páparo&lt;/em&gt; refers to the second definition here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RlpRY42&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;páparo, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De papa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de una persona: De una tribu, ya extinguida, del istmo de Panamá. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Aldeano u hombre del campo, simple e ignorante, que de cualquier cosa que ve, para él extraordinaria, se queda admirado y pasmado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ro4izPP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;papo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; means &lt;em&gt;dumb&lt;/em&gt; in Honduras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering the Oxford dictionary defines &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/post-truth&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;post-truth&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we assume both words are equivalent, so &lt;em&gt;paparrucha&lt;/em&gt; is indeed the (proper) translation of &lt;em&gt;post-truth&lt;/em&gt; into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T18:01:53.643" Title="Is &quot;paparrucha&quot; a good translation of &quot;fake news&quot; and &quot;post-truth&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22617" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:12:24.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it a correct translation for &quot;fake news&quot;? Yes, absolutely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a correct translation for &quot;post-truth&quot;? I don't think so. The &lt;em&gt;&quot;appealing more to emotions and personal beliefs rather than facts&quot;&lt;/em&gt; connotation is missing in the Spanish word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that's not a problem, since &quot;fake news&quot; and &quot;post-truth&quot; aren't synonyms in English either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T14:24:37.640" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T14:24:37.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22617" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:17:30.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also saw the tweet and I liked it very much :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, even though RAE provides a definition that makes &quot;paparrucha&quot; very close to &quot;post-verdad&quot; and &quot;fake news&quot;, I have two objections to the usage of the former instead of the latter two. Both objections are from a subjective point of view, though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, I consider it a little bit &lt;strong&gt;obsolete&lt;/strong&gt;. Frankly, I only know it because of old comics (Zipi y Zape, el Tío Gilito), and I would consider it old-fashioned in modern Spanish discourse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second, for me it has a very &lt;strong&gt;pejorative&lt;/strong&gt; nuance, while &quot;post-verdad&quot; and &quot;fake news&quot; are kind of more neutral. I mean. I would only use &quot;paparruchas&quot; if I'm trying to discredit someone's discourse, and I would find it to be out of context, for instance, in the written press or in TV news.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. All of this has been written from the perspective of a Spain Spanish speaker. I don't know how the Spanish speakers from America might see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T18:01:53.643" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T18:01:53.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22620" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:21:41.290" Score="7" ViewCount="1025" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you say &quot;as having&quot; in Spanish, as in the following sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The regions were the first to be approved by Parliament as having independent status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked it up on SpanishDict and found &quot;como tener&quot; but doubted it could be as simple and literal as that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T14:56:58.203" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T21:33:18.607" Title="How would you translate &quot;as having&quot; to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:26:33.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's actually even simpler.  You'd want to use &lt;em&gt;en tener&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;como tener&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manteniendo más o menos la estructura (que no haría en una traducción normal), la frase la traduciría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras que el Parlamento aprobó para tener estatus independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T12:51:42.357" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T12:51:42.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:39:50.617" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion that sentence has a passive structure that does not exists in Spanish, where the indirect object becomes the subject*. So, in that context &lt;em&gt;as having&lt;/em&gt; does not have an immediate translation. Instead, I would rewrite the sentence completely in order to make some sense of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess (without context I'm afraid it does not have much sense):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras a las que el Parlamento otorgó&#xA;  estatus de independencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second guess (imagining the context, some creative work here =D):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las autonomías fueron las primeras a las que el Congreso otorgó estatutos independientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, what is clear is that &quot;as having&quot; implies &lt;strong&gt;possession&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;acquisition&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*In active voice, it would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Parliament approves indepent status for the regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the O.D. is &quot;independent status&quot; and the O.I. is &quot;the regions&quot;, which becomes the subject in this passive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T09:40:34.683" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T09:40:34.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:44:38.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alicia explained &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; better than I could, so I'll just give my take on the translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el Parlamento &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;como poseedoras de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; estatus independiente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el Parlamento &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para tener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; estatus independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This avoids having to reword the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T14:44:38.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22565" CreationDate="2017-10-05T15:16:47.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that @blonfu made the best suggestion in a comment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;álbum&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. album 'encerado blanco'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Libro en blanco, comúnmente apaisado, y encuadernado con más o menos lujo, cuyas hojas se llenan con breves composiciones literarias, sentencias, máximas, piezas de música, firmas, retratos, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Libro en blanco de hojas dobles, con una o más aberturas de forma regular, a manera de marcos, para colocar en ellas fotografías, acuarelas, grabados, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  plus a couple of other defintions not relevant here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1ZGwYyW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1ZGwYyW&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what the English word scrapbook means. However from the original question it seems that in the context of the OP's workplace it may mean something different&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T15:16:47.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22617" CreationDate="2017-10-05T15:43:22.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you follow the tweet thread, you'll see that Fundéu have answered and I agree with them: unlike &lt;em&gt;fake news&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;paparrucha&lt;/em&gt; is an informal term in Spanish. &lt;em&gt;Noticias falsas&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;post-truth&lt;/em&gt;, as others have said, it has a different meaning. The simple direct translation &lt;em&gt;posverdad&lt;/em&gt; is, once again, perfectly fine for me. The prefix &lt;em&gt;post-&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;pos-&lt;/em&gt;) has been used in Spanish before with the same meaning and intention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T15:43:22.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22611" CreationDate="2017-10-05T16:03:37.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Desfogarse con/en algo - Dar los primeros pasos con algo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la expresión &lt;em&gt;cut your teeth on something&lt;/em&gt; va orientada más a la &quot;primera&quot; experiencia, no tanto a que tanta experiencia ya se ha obtenido. Veamos estas definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/cut-your-teeth-on-something&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;macmillandictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cut your teeth on something&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to get your first experience in a particular job by doing something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;obtener tu primera experiencia en un trabajo particular haciendo algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, no se hace énfasis en cuánta experiencia se tiene, sino en que fue la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/to-cut-your-teeth-on-something&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;collinsdictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you say that someone cut their teeth doing a particular thing, at a particular time, or in a particular place, you mean that that is how, when, or where they began their career and learned some of their skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si dices que alguien cortó sus dientes haciendo algo en particular, en un momento particular o en un lugar particular, quieres decir que eso es el como, cuando o donde se comenzó la carrera o se aprendieron las habilidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/cut+your+teeth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you cut your teeth doing something, you get your first experience of it and learn how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si cortas tus dientes haciendo algo, obtienes tu primera experiencia en eso y aprendes como hacerlo.&#xA;  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He plans to cut his teeth on demanding theatre parts before making the break for TV and film.&#xA;  El planea [...] en piezas de teatro exigentes antes de pasar a TV y cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última frase me hace pensar también en &quot;debutar&quot;, pero quizá no sea apropiada siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando en la expresión en español, los ejemplos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-spanish/to%20cut%20one&amp;#39;s%20teeth%20on%20sth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt; pueden ser útiles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;foguearse con {or} en algo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;dar los primeros pasos con algo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=I9MD2xB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foguear&lt;/a&gt; en la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Acostumbrar a alguien a las penalidades y trabajos de un estado u ocupación. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra vez en Reverso Dictionary se ven ejemplos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/foguearse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;foguearse&quot;&lt;/a&gt;  en contexto:&#xA;(Traducciones del sitio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un hombre tiene que foguearse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A man's got to be seasoned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras foguearse en diversos grupos, hubo de esperar a cumplir la treintena para poder dedicarse a su vocación en cuerpo y alma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After gaining experience in a variety of bands, it wasn't until his thirties that he was able to devote his undivided attention to music.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T16:03:37.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T18:28:47.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se podría usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habiente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para describir el sujeto de tu enunciado como tal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el Parlamento como &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habientes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de estatus independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario de la Real Academia Española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=habiente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habiente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del ant. part. act. de haber, 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que tiene. U. t. c. s.(Usado también como sustantivo) y especialmente en expresiones jurídicas, unas veces antepuesto y otras pospuesto al nombre que es su complemento. Habiente o habientes derecho, o derecho habiente o habientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T18:42:42.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17066" CreationDate="2017-10-05T18:42:59.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Consta explicar de un principio que mi respuesta está formulada según patrones de conversación en Español de México.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me llega extraña la expresión en la forma tal como está. Presiento por el inicio del enunciado &quot;Si llego a hacer yo ese comentario...&quot; que el comentario en sí no ha llegado a suceder. Por lo tanto, la consecuencia aún queda en el futuro. De ser eso cierto, mi entendimiento de la lengua quisiera expresar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si llego a hacer yo ese comentario, me &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;asesinarían&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (ustedes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo contrario, si se tratara de un comentario que no llegó a suceder aunque podría haber sucedido, el final del enunciado es adecuado, y es el principio que debe cambiar de tal forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; llegado a hacer ese comentario, me &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;habrían&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; asesinado (ustedes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T18:42:59.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2017-10-05T19:07:35.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se utiliza la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;volante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para propaganda repartida en trozos o en una hoja entera tamaño carta de papel, por las calles o en postes de utilidades.  Por lo general lleva información solamente de un lado de la hoja. Si es de buena calidad y contiene bastante información puede llegar a ser llamado &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;folleto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Es un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tríptico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; si es del tipo de folletos doblado en tres partes iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún así mismo, se le podría llamar a cualquiera de estos un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;volante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T19:07:35.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22632" CreationDate="2017-10-05T19:27:24.607" Score="7" ViewCount="482" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recién acabo de consultar el vocablo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JXWzD27&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;grifo / fa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el Diccionario de la Lengua Española y he hallado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho del cabello: Crespo o enmarañado.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una persona: De pelo ensortijado que indica mezcla de las razas blanca y negra.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Entonado, presuntuoso.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una persona: Intoxicada con marihuana.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una persona: Que tiene la carne de gallina.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de un ave, y especialmente de un gallo o de una gallina: Que tiene las plumas encrespadas.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ebrio (‖ embriagado por la bebida).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Animal fabuloso, de medio cuerpo arriba águila, y de medio abajo león.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llave colocada en la boca de las cañerías, en depósitos de líquidos, etc., a fin de regular el paso de estos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Surtidor de gasolina, gasóleo o queroseno.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;llave grifa.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cáñamo índico.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas estas las más conocidas para mi son la (8) y (9) - de hecho, cuando pienso en un &lt;em&gt;grifo&lt;/em&gt;, pienso automáticamente en la acepción (9) y no en ninguna de las otras.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Me ha llamado la atención que esa acepción esté tan &quot;enterrada&quot;, lo que me ha hecho especular si hay algún criterio para el orden en que aparecen las acepciones (supongo que si) y cuál será este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17804" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T07:47:57.397" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T07:47:57.397" Title="¿Hay algún criterio de ordenación de las acepciones en el Diccionario de la Lengua?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22631" CreationDate="2017-10-05T19:49:20.300" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, aquí lo explica la RAE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/publicaciones/53-acepciones&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE - Orden en las acepciones&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero por &lt;strong&gt;categoría&lt;/strong&gt; y subcategoría &lt;strong&gt;gramatical&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dentro de las categorías gramaticales, por &lt;strong&gt;marcas&lt;/strong&gt;: sin  marcas, niveles de lengua, técnica, geográficas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo viene explicado con todo lujo de detalles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T19:49:20.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22533" CreationDate="2017-10-05T20:29:55.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una entrada casi fuera de concurso, que lo importante es participar :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;452 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en clase intenté decidir si copiar o no en el test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta: es mejor fallar con lo correcto o triunfar con lo reprobable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, el éxito no merecido no satisface. Por el otro el fracaso merecido no gratifica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el mundo hace trampa alguna vez, saltándose las reglas si pueden, pero eso no me justifica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé que copiar solo en este examen no era para tanto ni hace daño a nadie, pero solo racionalizaba mi rechazo a las consecuencias de no estudiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo real, priman los resultados,  no los principios. Quizá por eso el mundo es un lío. Qué dilema!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T20:29:55.313" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-05T20:29:55.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T21:48:00.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22623/1674&quot;&gt;walen's answer&lt;/a&gt; in that &lt;strong&gt;para tener&lt;/strong&gt; could be a good option, but I would rephrase it entirely to translate the complex sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The regions were the first to be approved by Parliament as having independent status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Into something that is more straight forward like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras &lt;strong&gt;a las que el Parlamento dio&lt;/strong&gt; estatus independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which sounds more idiomatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T21:48:00.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-10-05T22:28:09.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras cuyo estado independiente fue aprobado por el congreso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17807" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T12:50:41.377" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T12:50:41.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22067" CreationDate="2017-10-06T02:32:51.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la primera, no te podría decir con certeza, excepto para decir que el estatus del condicional ha sido bastante polémico.  Hay los que dicen que es un tiempo indicativo (porque lo es claramente en una oración como &lt;em&gt;ayer me dijo que volvería a casa&lt;/em&gt;, si decimos que ambos verbos en &lt;em&gt;me dice que volverá a casa&lt;/em&gt; son indicativos), otros que prefieren verlo como subjuntivo (porque &lt;em&gt;lo haría si pudiese&lt;/em&gt; habla de algo bastante hipotético e irreal), y otros que prefieren agrupar el condicional y el futuro en otro modo aparte (porque al responder a preguntas de tipo &lt;em&gt;¿dónde está(ba) María?&lt;/em&gt; podemos decir &lt;em&gt;estará/estaría en casa&lt;/em&gt;, sin indicar ni posterioridad ni irrealidad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a la segunda, la respuesta la tenemos en la Gramática sí misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera terminacion &lt;em&gt;ra&lt;/em&gt; se acomoda fácilmente á servir por alguna de las otras dos &lt;em&gt;ria&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; , pues lo mismo es decir : el &lt;em&gt;tiempo podria ser mejor&lt;/em&gt; : que : el &lt;em&gt;tiempo pudiera ser mejor&lt;/em&gt; ; y con igual propiedad se dice : &lt;em&gt;yo hice que viniese&lt;/em&gt; , ó &lt;em&gt;yo hice que viniera&lt;/em&gt; […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para fixar el uso de estas tres terminaciones pudiera pretenderse que cada una conviene á un modo y tiempo diferente ; pero la variedad con que se usan , conformándose , o no la una con el valor de las otras , no permite que se fixen sus límites , y no se conseguiria otra cosa con intentarlo […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quando el &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; tiene antes de sí, como determinante , alguno de los tres &lt;em&gt;pretéritos de indicativo&lt;/em&gt; , y este &lt;em&gt;pretérito determinante&lt;/em&gt; es alguno de los que que explican lo que se dice con la lengua , ó se concibe con el entendimiento , se usa del &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; en qualquiera de sus tres terminaciones : v. g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;decia ........}   {vinieras.&#xA;dixo .........}que{vendrias.&#xA;habia dicho ..}   {vinieses.&#xA;&#xA;pensaba.......}   {viniera.&#xA;pensó.........}que{vendria.&#xA;había pensado.}   {viniese.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el &lt;em&gt;pretérito de indicativo&lt;/em&gt; es de algun verbo de los que explican voluntad , debe usarse del &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; en la primera, ó tercera terminacion , y no en la segunda : v. g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;queria .......}   {yo tiniera , ó viniese.&#xA;quiso ........}que{tú vinieras, ó vinieses.&#xA;habia querido.}   {él viniera , ó viniese.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sencillamente resumido, el hecho de que en muchas situaciones lo que hoy llamamos el condicional se empleaba como equivalente de las formas &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt;, y para referir a acciones en el pasado, lo agruparon en este tiempo.  Pero nota que dice, «el uso de estas tres terminaciones pudiera pretenderse que cada una conviene á un modo y tiempo diferente».  Poco ha cambiado.  Hoy diríamos que son las formas &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; equivalentes, pero sabemos que hay diferencias verdaderas entre ellas, e igual diríamos que &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; y el condicional son diferentes, a pesar de que tienen usos a veces idénticos en el castellano moderno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T02:32:51.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-06T08:46:29.077" Score="5" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_Correas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gonzalo Correas Íñigo&lt;/a&gt; es conocido principalmente por ser el impulsor del principio fonetista en la ortografía castellana frente al etimologista, bajo el criterio de que a cada fonema debe corresponder un signo en la escritura o grafema. Su obra más conocida es la &lt;em&gt;Ortografia kastellana, nueva i perfeta&lt;/em&gt;, de 1630, en la que (entre otras reformas) propuso reducir el número de letras, por ejemplo sustituyendo la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt; por la &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; o suprimiendo la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; muda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice:Ortografia_kastellana,_nueva_i_perfeta.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Podemos consultar aquí&lt;/a&gt; parte de la obra, que comienza así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supuesto ke ɑvemos dicho lɑrgɑmente en el Arte grɑnde de Kɑstellɑno los ɑbusos de lɑs letrɑs, ke tiene el uso komun, ɑki rrepetiremos en sumɑ lo mɑlo pɑrɑ dexɑrlo, i lo bueno pɑrɑ usɑrlo: tomɑndo por giɑ i norte estɑ rreglɑ de todos sɑbidɑ, i ɑdmitidɑ por verdɑderɑ, ke se ɑ́ de eskrivir, komo se pronunziɑ, i pronunziɑr, komo se eskrive: i lɑ pɑlɑvrɑ ortogrɑﬁɑ su ministrɑ: ke giɑndonos por ellɑ sɑldremos bien del pielɑgo del vulgo rrudo. Ortogrɑﬁɑ es pɑlɑvrɑ Griegɑ, ke kiere dezir derechɑ mɑnerɑ de eſkrivir...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es: dado que cuando se publicó esta obra la RAE aún no existía, ¿tuvo esta obra alguna repercusión o impacto en su época o en las décadas siguientes? ¿Hubo alguien más allá del propio Gonzalo Correas que escribiera obras de importancia usando esta ortografía? ¿Fue esta obra la causa de algún cambio, por leve que fuera, en la ortografía del español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T12:10:35.657" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T12:23:42.330" Title="¿Tuvo la &quot;Ortografia kastellana, nueva i perfeta&quot; alguna repercusión importante en el siglo XVII?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22639" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-06T10:06:11.450" Score="17" ViewCount="6189" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English I might say &lt;em&gt;thanks&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;thank you&lt;/em&gt;.  In Portuguese I'd say &lt;em&gt;valeu&lt;/em&gt; as an informal &lt;em&gt;obrigado&lt;/em&gt; or, for a big thank you to a friend, you can also informally say &lt;em&gt;obrigadão&lt;/em&gt; (the augmentative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish any similar, informal thank-yous?  Perhaps regional or slang words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14618" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T21:39:29.323" LastActivityDate="2018-11-10T07:27:53.390" Title="Are there any more informal ways of saying &quot;thanks&quot; than &quot;gracias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2017-10-06T10:41:32.817" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; is the most basic, standard way to say &lt;em&gt;thank you&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. If you want more options, you have to seek &lt;em&gt;upwards&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/em&gt; (thanks a lot).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchísimas gracias&lt;/em&gt; (thank you very much).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se lo agradezco&lt;/em&gt; (I thank you).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se lo agradezco en el alma / de corazón / sinceramente / enormemente / etc.&lt;/em&gt; (I sincerely thank you / from the bottom of my heart / and so on).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, some of the more formal options can be exaggeratedly deformed for comical relief:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agradecido quedo&lt;/em&gt; (I remain [yours], in appreciation).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que Dios te lo pague con muchos hijos&lt;/em&gt; (may God bless you with lots of children). Particularly funny among young people who don't care about having children, of course.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'm afraid that in Spanish if you want more informal ways to say &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; you'll have to be a bit creative...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-10T07:27:53.390" LastActivityDate="2018-11-10T07:27:53.390" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22645" CreationDate="2017-10-06T13:19:21.173" Score="4" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading an article in the online edition of El País about the collapse of airlines when the opening paragraph puzzled me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El 15 de diciembre de 2006 cerraba la línea aérea Air Madrid tras una larga serie de cancelaciones y retrasos. Dejó 7,5 millones de euros sin devolver en billetes emitidos hasta esa fecha y miles de pasajeros en tierra. Air Comet se quedó con sus rutas. Pero Air Comet cerró también de la noche a la mañana el 21 de diciembre de 2009 dejando tirados a otros miles de viajeros a ambos lados del Atlántico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand what it means, this is not a request for translation, but the first verb &lt;em&gt;cerraba&lt;/em&gt; is in what I would call in English the imperfect whereas the following ones are in the preterite (or simple past). In fact the article goes on with airlines which &lt;em&gt;cerró&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quebraron&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dejó de operar&lt;/em&gt;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone throw any light on this? Is it a mistake? Is it what is called in English elegant variation where you change just for variety (which many people frown on)?, Is it some feature of Spanish tenses which I have not yet learned?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full article is &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/10/06/paco_nadal/1507275089_970933.html#?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=seguir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; if that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T15:51:47.127" Title="Tense changed in mid-stream, why?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9958" CreationDate="2017-10-06T14:45:28.933" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues ahora ya existe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BzK2xkW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;decrementar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Der. de decremento.&#xA;  1. tr. disminuir. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T14:45:28.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2017-10-06T15:32:56.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If Latin American slang is acceptable for your use case, in Chilean Spanish we use &quot;vale&quot; as a very informal &quot;gracias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17812" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T15:32:56.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22641" CreationDate="2017-10-06T15:51:47.127" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right: the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto simple (indefinido)&lt;/em&gt; could have been used there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; is used because it's indicating/describing the circumstance in which all the other events happen (this is one of the main uses of &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;, as you probably know), or rather the circumstance to which all the other events are related, i.e. the action &lt;em&gt;cerraba&lt;/em&gt; itself is not stated as an action that just happened and was completed (&lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;), but as a frame for all the other events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I explained myself well enough :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T15:51:47.127" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2017-10-06T19:05:31.040" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile we also say &quot;&lt;em&gt;te pasaste&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to thank and congratulate. But beware, because in other countries it probably means the opposite (&quot;you have exceeded negatively&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T19:05:31.040" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22647" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22648" CreationDate="2017-10-06T19:47:04.553" Score="4" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he preguntado si hay una forma neutral de &quot;hombre del Renacimiento&quot; que se puede decir de una mujer en finés o inglés. No he encontrando nada pero he visto que la misma expresión existe en español. Conociendo a la gente aquí, pienso que sois capaces de encontrar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cosas como 'persona / humano del Renacimiento' suenan demasiado (por usar algo que he aprendido recientemente) macarrónico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T20:56:43.410" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T20:56:43.410" Title="Hay una manera de decir &quot;hombre del Renacimiento&quot; a una mujer?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22647" CreationDate="2017-10-06T20:50:15.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio, si solo quieres una versión femenina, &lt;em&gt;mujer del Renacimiento&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;mujer renacentista&lt;/em&gt; se dice y se entiende sin problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas algo que se puede aplicar tanto al hombre como a la mujer, a mí no me suena nada mal decir &lt;em&gt;persona del Renacimiento&lt;/em&gt;, de hecho, es una frase que se puede encontrar fácilmente por el Internet, e incluso con referencia a hombres justo al lado de su nombre. O se puede decir &lt;em&gt;persona renacentista&lt;/em&gt;, que también goza de algún uso.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T20:50:15.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-06T21:35:59.783" Score="4" ViewCount="1712" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking my very first steps into learning Spanish. I was watching the first episode of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.celebratelanguages.com/esextra.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Extr@ en español&lt;/a&gt; where one person tells another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡No &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; lo digas a nadie!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is 'se' used here? To my knowledge, 'decir' is not a reflexive verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17816" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T09:19:13.943" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T03:33:51.250" Title="What is the difference between &quot;No lo digas&quot; and &quot;No se lo digas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2017-10-06T21:49:01.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here in Mexico we sometimes use &lt;em&gt;Chido&lt;/em&gt; that also means good, great or funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17817" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T21:49:01.120" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2017-10-06T22:01:46.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &quot;se&quot; has many usages and &quot;reflexive ones&quot; is only one of those. I can count up to 7 usages of &quot;se&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... and the one you are looking for is &quot;variant of le&quot;. Basically, the structure &quot;le lo&quot; must be changed to &quot;se lo&quot;, but the meaning is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No lo digas&quot; = don't say that&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;No se lo digas&quot; = don't say that to him/her&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it's like saying &quot;*no le lo digas&quot; but in a correct way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T07:08:24.117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T07:08:24.117" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2101" CreationDate="2017-10-06T22:39:36.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es válido decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;permissions are not accumulated&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no se acumulan los permisos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque en realidad el significado de esto en Español sería tal como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;los permisos no son acumulados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, si se viese la traducción palabra por palabra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En expresar que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no se acumulan los permisos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en la configuración, en Inglés esto se expresaría como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;permissions do not accumulate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T22:39:36.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2017-10-06T22:57:12.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explained&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;, the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; has several functions; one could very well say it's several different pronouns. You already know &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; as a reflexive third person pronoun, but this is different: here &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; replaces the regular dative third person pronouns, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; (singular and plural), because of a rule that requires that when the accusative third person pronouns &lt;em&gt;la, lo, las, los&lt;/em&gt; are present already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this means in effect is that you cannot have &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) together next to the same verb. That is, if the verb has both a direct object and an indirect object and both are third person, you will have to use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; for the indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are examples of how you would convert one sentence with the indirect object expressed in full into a sentence with the indirect object turned into a pronoun, so you can see how the change goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le₍₁₎ digas eso₍₂₎ a ella. = No se₍₁₎ lo₍₂₎ digas a ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&quot;Don't say that to her.&quot; = &quot;Don't tell her that.&quot;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les₍₁₎ dimos ayuda₍₂₎. = Se₍₁₎ la₍₂₎ dimos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&quot;We gave them help.&quot; = &quot;We gave it to them.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No debes mencionarle₍₁₎ el asunto₍₂₎. = No debes mencionárse₍₁₎lo₍₂₎.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&quot;You mustn't mention the matter to him/her.&quot; = &quot;You mustn't mention it to him/her.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ellos les₍₁₎ construyen casas₍₂₎. = Ellos se₍₁₎ las₍₂₎ construyen.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(&quot;They build houses for them.&quot; = &quot;They build them for them.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might find it easier to remember because &lt;em&gt;le lo&lt;/em&gt; (etc.) sounds a bit cacophonic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: in the first example the indirect object pronouns (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;) are redundant because there's already a full indirect object (&lt;em&gt;a ella&lt;/em&gt;), but still they must be present. It would be ungrammatical to say *&lt;em&gt;No digas eso a ella&lt;/em&gt;. This holds whether there's a direct object or not, and whether or not that direct object triggers the change of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; into &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; (i. e. you must also say &lt;em&gt;No le digas a ella&lt;/em&gt;, not *&lt;em&gt;No digas a ella&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T03:33:51.250" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T03:33:51.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2017-10-07T03:23:07.447" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muy amable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Mexico at least)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes this is used in conjunction with &quot;gracias,&quot; but it can stand on its own if you have to or want to be especially succinct.  For example, I was a bit disoriented when driving in a strange city recently, pulled over to ask a woman who was standing on the corner chatting on the phone, noticed she was speaking in Spanish on the phone, and asked her in Spanish if I should turn at that corner to get to the bus station.  It was possible I might find that I was blocking traffic, so I only said, &quot;Muy amable.&quot;  Where the full version is &quot;Gracias, muy amable,&quot; or &quot;Gracias, señora, muy amable.&quot; (Roughly equivalent to &quot;Thank you, you're an angel.&quot;)  This is not slang, it's gracious speech that anyone can use comfortably.  (Not that I have anything against slang, but you need to know what is and what isn't slang.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I forgot to include a literal translation of &quot;muy amable&quot;: &lt;em&gt;[That is] very kind [of you].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Esto / Ud.) me ayudó mucho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would work in any language.  If you want to show your appreciation for something someone did, or information provided, and you don't want to repeat &quot;thank you&quot; for the umpteenth time, you could say &lt;em&gt;(This / You) was very helpful [for me].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T17:44:51.393" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T17:44:51.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22657" CreationDate="2017-10-07T15:08:48.453" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in what are the phones for the sounds &lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; in Latino American Spanish as in &lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;itano, tren&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ito, &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;orro and ca&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;a, respectively. There are a few sites that have online conversion to phonetic transcription, but I couldn't find one that generates the transcription specifically for Latino American Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1147" LastEditorUserId="1147" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T18:02:32.440" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T18:02:32.440" Title="What are the phonemes for this sounds?" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22659" CreationDate="2017-10-07T15:16:31.247" Score="3" ViewCount="674" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, the English sentence &lt;em&gt;I wish you are/were here&lt;/em&gt; is said as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deseo (que) estés aquí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Yo) desearía que estuvieras aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;em&gt;if you are here&lt;/em&gt; is said as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt; aquí, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not &lt;em&gt;Si estés aquí&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Si estuvieras aquí&lt;/em&gt; even if it's taking about unreal, imaginary things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T11:23:04.327" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T11:23:04.327" Title="Why not subjunctive in 'Si' clauses?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22655" CreationDate="2017-10-07T15:34:01.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phonemes are /x, s, s, s/ in that order. The allophonic realization of /x/ in many Latino accents, however, is [h].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T15:34:01.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22684" CreationDate="2017-10-07T17:43:41.717" Score="4" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Clash es uno de los grupos más importantes del movimiento punk y el álbum &lt;em&gt;London Calling&lt;/em&gt; el más representativo de la banda en el cual se definirá su estilo musical (soul, rockabilly, ska, reggae...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy os traigo un fragmento de una canción de este disco: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Death or Glory&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que es una declaración de intenciones y una defensa del grupo que algunos acusaban de venderse tras firmar con la CBS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now every cheap hood strikes a bargain with the world&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ends up making payments on a sofa or a girl&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Love 'n hate tattooed across the knuckles of his hands&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hands that slap his kids around, 'cause they don't understand how&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Death or glory, becomes just another story&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Death or glory, becomes just another story&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'n every gimmick hungry yob digging gold from rock 'n roll&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Grabs the mike to tell us he'll die before he's sold&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;But I believe in this and it's been tested by research&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;He, who fucks nuns, will later join the church&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(409 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta versión en castellano (no es una traducción literal) pertenece al disco-homenaje &lt;em&gt;«por algo mas que por gusto»&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;La Furia&lt;/em&gt;, grupo creado únicamente para este proyecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Otro día más diez horas en el taller&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; media vida en extras pa llegar a fin de mes&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; amor y odio tatuado en los nudillos de las manos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; golpeas a tus hijos por si no se han enterado de que&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Muerte o gloria, ya ves, esta es nuestra historia&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Gloria o muerte, y tú ¿cual sera tu suerte?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; Y la estrella de turno que del Rock &amp;amp; Roll se enriqueció&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; aún viene con el cuento de que nunca se vendió&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; pero es lo que yo pienso, y es cosa bien segura&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; el que folla con monjas acaba siendo cura&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(365 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡BONUS!&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que en otras &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21045/translation-golf-viii-with-a-twist&quot;&gt;ediciones&lt;/a&gt; con canciones o poemas aplican los bonus por rima:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima asonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10% de descuento en el total de caracteres si se consigue una rima consonante con la misma estructura de rima.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongamos que la rima es AABB  CCDD para simplificar dejando fuera el estribillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aceptaré la rima del cuarto verso como en el original, antes de &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt;, o al final de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2591/this-is-translation-golf-the-translation-with-the-least-number-of-characters-wi/2592#2592&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Enhorabuena @walen! Eres el vencedor de esta edición del translation golf, no ha tenido mucha participación pero era una traducción complicada, bien jugado. Tienes dos días para proponer un nuevo juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T19:49:34.043" Title="Translation-golf XXI - Death or Glory" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-07T21:55:44.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22656" CreationDate="2017-10-07T17:48:57.403" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, both &quot;I wish you &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; here&quot; and &quot;If you &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; here&quot; are wrong in English if &quot;being here&quot; is an unreal or imaginary thing, as you say.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The correct way of saying that is &quot;I wish you &lt;em&gt;were&lt;/em&gt; here&quot; and &quot;If you &lt;em&gt;were&lt;/em&gt; here&quot;, and the Spanish translation is &quot;Desearía que &lt;em&gt;estuvieras&lt;/em&gt; aquí&quot; and &quot;Si &lt;em&gt;estuvieras&lt;/em&gt; aquí&quot;, using the subjunctive as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the present in the first example would mean that you are asking someone to be there: &quot;Mañana doy una fiesta. Deseo que estés aquí&quot; (&quot;Tomorrow I'm throwing a party. I wish you to be here&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Using the present in the second example would mean you're talking about a very real situation: &quot;Si estás aquí, podemos quedar a comer&quot; (&quot;If you are here, we can meet for lunch&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T17:48:57.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22656" CreationDate="2017-10-07T21:37:25.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish sentence &quot;si estás aquí, podemos salir a comer&quot; sounds a bit strange to me. It is perfectly valid, and possibly in the right context it will even sound right. But note that that sentence can be rephrased to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya que estás aquí, podemos salir a comer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dado que estás aquí, ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those two sentence translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now that you are here...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Due to the fact that you are here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two sentences use &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;were&lt;/em&gt;. That's why the original &quot;si estás aquí&quot; uses the indicative. It speaks about a certainty: &quot;you are here&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problem is the &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; verb, see this example for more clarity about the use of indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Tenemos que dividirnos para encontrar al gato, ¿dónde vas a buscar tú?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Yo por la planta de abajo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Pues &lt;strong&gt;si tú vas a buscar por aquí&lt;/strong&gt;, yo miraré por arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-08T08:22:56.163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T08:22:56.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14855" CreationDate="2017-10-08T03:16:26.747" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actualmente, aunque el conjunto de la vocal &quot;u&quot; con la &quot;i&quot;, tenga una pronunciación más fuerte en la &quot;i&quot; y se convierta en un supuesto hiato (como pasa con &quot;caída&quot;, la RAE ha impuesto que este conjunto se tome como diptongo, o sea, como una misma por así decirlo &quot;letra&quot;, así que en la palabra &quot;huida&quot;, se leería hui-da y no hu-í-da, como muchos quisiéramos que fuera. Por lo tanto, las conocidas reglas de tildado aplicarían (hablo de las palabras agudas, graves, etc.) y no estaríamos hablando del tildado por cuestiones de hiato (Ej: Caida).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te dejo ejemplos para que entiendas mejor esta regla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;huir  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;huimos  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hui (Se toma como una sola sílaba, aunque realmente se escuchen dos)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oí (Es una palabra aguda y con dos vocales, y no incluye la conjunción &quot;uir&quot; que se considera diptongo)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oído  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oír (Aquí tampoco está &quot;uir&quot;, por lo que podemos hacer el hiato y no el diptongo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17824" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-02-18T13:04:22.883" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T13:04:22.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22656" CreationDate="2017-10-08T13:34:38.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is not only for that cases. I'd say it is for &quot;everything that is not a fact&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not any unreal/imaginary situation. It is just a conditional sentence, and the structure is exactly the same in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Si , entonces &quot;&#xA;&quot;If , then &quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like, for example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Si estás cerca, vamos&quot; = &quot;If you are near (near here), we're going&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check that it's the same in English. I guess it's due that it's talking about facts, and the best way to see it is &lt;strong&gt;reversing the sentence order&lt;/strong&gt;. Look:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Vamos si estas cerca&quot;. As you can see, reversing a conditional sentence makes explicit that you're talking about a fact. You will indeed actually go if that happens, and so it is a fact and not any unreal thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, this kind of sentence can be changed so that it is not a fact but a possibility. In that case, subjunctive is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2017-10-08T19:59:06.187" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T19:59:06.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22658" CreationDate="2017-10-09T07:10:54.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;292&lt;/strike&gt; 248 - 10% bonus rima consonante = 224 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay andrajosos petándolo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con putas, y el sofá pagándolo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Odio&quot;, &quot;amor&quot;: nudillos tatuados,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sus hijos, ignorantes, maltratados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muerte o gloria, es solo otra historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con el rock se forran malotes de risa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Muerto antes que vendido&quot;, su micro nos avisa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En esto creo, ha sido probado:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  los follamonjas, curas han acabado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al empezar con &quot;hay&quot; hablo del presente, no es necesario poner cosas como &quot;y ahora&quot; o &quot;ya&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo que los dos primeros versos hablan de que cualquiera puede &quot;cerrar un trato con el mundo&quot;, lo que interpreto como que puede tener éxito entre las masas, de ahí que use &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sp9s0La&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;petarlo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en su acepción actual evolucionada de &quot;estallar, explotar&quot;, que es &quot;tener éxito de forma repentina (y tal vez inesperada)&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo además que si el tío paga lo mismo un sofá que una tía, entiendo que se refiere a una prostituta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evito la repetición del verso central por entender que no añade nada al juego. Lo importante es respetar la mini-rima del propio verso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede decir &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WZmFUm8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rock&lt;/a&gt;&quot; simplemente como sinónimo de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WZCUBH6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rocanrol&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IGjpRdP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forrarse&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es &quot;enriquecerse&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo que un &quot;yob&quot; es, según he visto definido, &quot;lo contrario de lo que un buen chico debería ser&quot;. Por eso uso una versión despectiva del adjetivo &quot;malo&quot; usando el sufijo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RKJVS8I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ote&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que forma despectivos a partir de adjetivos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al decir que el malote era &quot;de risa&quot;, cancelo la interpretación de &quot;malote&quot; como &quot;tipo duro&quot; al decir que se le veía tan falso que daba risa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PBMwTFa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Micro&lt;/a&gt;&quot; se puede usar como contracción de &quot;micrófono&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &quot;follamonjas&quot; es un compuesto de dos palabras que sí aparecen en el DLE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T10:04:19.963" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T10:04:19.963" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-09T07:10:54.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-09T08:02:43.073" Score="5" ViewCount="3992" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comencemos con una cita del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y la autoridad, o séase Mariano Marzo, que ya por el camino, y a la vista de la pizpireta novia apetitosa, había ido echándose sus cuentas, así que en la mejor alcoba de los Mochos instaló a la que se hallaba bajo el fuero de la galantísima justicia, llevó al corral al alguacil (cuya mujer corría con las prostitutas que solían traer de Badajoz, por semanas, para sus juergas, los señoritos del Curdin), y le habló de esta manera:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Mira, Colás, la nena se las trae. Ya has visto qué frescura y qué modo de reír. La he dado un sobón, y no ha chistado. Por otra parte, simple, me preguntaba en la fonda si irá su novio a presidio. Voy a ver de acostarme con ella esta noche, a poco que se deje.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felipe Trigo, &quot;Jarrapellejos&quot;, 1914 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día me di cuenta de que &quot;se las trae&quot; es una de esas frases hechas que decimos sin pensar en su significado literal. Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aE26oeU#BclJtq5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;traérselas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Dicho de una persona o de una cosa: Tener más intención, malicia o dificultades de lo que a primera vista parece.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión no debe de ser demasiado antigua. El primer caso que veo en el CORDE es de 1895, y de 1893 en la hemeroteca de la BNE. Más atrás los casos son literales, como ocurre con el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cambio, le voy cobrando un cariñazo enorme a Bobita, mi perra. Es una delicia... Ningún chico hace más gracias. La verdad es que me lo destroza todo, que no me deja cosa sana, que mis zapatillas se las trae arrastrando al taller y mis calzoncillos lo propio [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;La Quimera&quot;, 1905 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, de algún sitio tuvo que salir la expresión. Si nos atenemos a su significado literal, ¿cuál es el origen de la misma? ¿Qué es lo que se &quot;trae&quot; cuando algo &quot;se las trae&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T11:30:18.493" Title="¿Qué es lo que se &quot;trae&quot; cuando algo &quot;se las trae&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22667" CreationDate="2017-10-09T08:09:00.840" Score="4" ViewCount="416" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused about this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me muero&lt;/strong&gt; por mirarte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;I'm dying to see you.&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, I would write &quot;&lt;em&gt;muero por mirarte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; because &quot;&lt;em&gt;muero&lt;/em&gt;&quot; already has the meaning of &quot;&lt;em&gt;I'm dying&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and is an intransitive verb, so it makes no sense to me to prepend a &quot;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. What exactly is this grammar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me iba&lt;/strong&gt; corriendo a la escuela cuando apareció mi papá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;I was rushing to school when my dad showed up.&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Same as above. I won't add &quot;Me&quot; if I'm writing the sentence.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T07:43:35.183" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T05:51:14.240" Title="&quot;Me&quot; before a first-person conjugation of intransitive verb?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22666" CreationDate="2017-10-09T08:57:58.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronominal verbs has been discussed here on many occasions, see &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17165/12637&quot;&gt;Reflexives and use of &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;terminarse&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4380/12637&quot;&gt;Use of &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; in the phrase &amp;quot;me llevo este&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for examples. Nonetheless, I would like to mention that the DLE contains the following entry for &lt;em&gt;morirse&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Sentir un impulso muy poderoso hacia el logro de una cosa o hacia una persona. &lt;strong&gt;U. t. c. prnl. expr.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Se muere POR ese cuadro. Se muere POR ella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of verbs marked in the DLE as &quot;U.t.c.prnl.&quot; (&quot;used also as a pronominal verb&quot;) to indicate that you can use &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;morirse&lt;/em&gt;, but in this case it also add &quot;expr.&quot;, to indicate that the pronominal use is just to emphasize that particular meaning of the verb itself, but does not add another meaning (as in &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;llevarse&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your second example, you can check the answers to &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18553/12637&quot;&gt;What&amp;#39;s the difference between &amp;quot;Va a un bar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Se va a un bar&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T08:57:58.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22666" CreationDate="2017-10-09T13:45:13.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt; is optionally pronominal, i. e. it can take the reflexive clitic pronoun even though it's not semantically reflexive. This pseudo-reflexive form has several uses, as explained elsewhere. With optional pronominal verbs sometimes the difference is subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt;, the plain form is, well, plain: &lt;em&gt;Murió&lt;/em&gt; just means &quot;s/he died&quot;. The pronominal form usually carries a mediopassive meaning (the dying was an event that causally concerned just the person who died). The plain form is generally more formal and distanced, as employed e. g. when narrating a historical incident.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue herido y murió en el campo de batalla.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He was wounded and died in the battlefield.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Murió en un accidente automovilístico.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He died in an automobile crash.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Murió tranquilamente mientras dormía.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;He died peacefully in his sleep.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi abuelo murió hace diez años.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;My grandfather died ten years ago.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronominal form tends to be more expressive and it almost always shows emotional closeness. It's often accompanied by this mediopassive nuance, the idea that the dying person is dying by her/himself, or that death in itself is the process, not the end result. You don't often use the pronominal form to give explanations of fact about the person's death.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The metaphorical meaning of &lt;em&gt;morir(se) por (alguien/algo)&lt;/em&gt; is of course always expressive, but you can use either the plain form or the pronominal one, since the above are not hard-and-fast rules. These are all valid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muero por tomarme una cerveza fría.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me muero por un helado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muero por hablarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me muero por volver a verla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each optional-pronominal verb has its own shades of meaning. Your second example seems to have a completive meaning, like the much more usual verbs &lt;em&gt;irse, marcharse, escaparse&lt;/em&gt;. I've never found pronominal &lt;em&gt;correrse&lt;/em&gt; with this meaning myself, though. My native-speaker instinct suggests that &lt;em&gt;Me corría a la escuela&lt;/em&gt; would be rendered in English as something like &quot;I was taking/getting myself to school&quot;, while the non-pronominal would just mean &quot;I was running/rushing to school&quot;. There's a sense of personal finality there. Another example would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dormí mal anoche.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I slept badly last night.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pude dormir.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I couldn't sleep.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me dormí bastante tarde.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I got (myself) to sleep rather late.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me pude dormir.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I couldn't get myself to fall asleep.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could go on and on; you'll get the idea, in every case, by actually employing the different verbs and paying attention to how other people employ them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T13:58:19.010" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T13:58:19.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22673" CreationDate="2017-10-10T07:58:56.543" Score="7" ViewCount="93260" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer nos surgió por aquí la duda de qué es lo que se está expresando realmente cuando alguien dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué te trae por estos lares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he pensado que &lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt; era como una especie de abreviatura o versión añeja de &lt;em&gt;lugares&lt;/em&gt;, pero resulta que no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MvoseBV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;lar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. hogar (‖ sitio de la lumbre en la cocina).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cada uno de los dioses de la casa u hogar a los que rendían culto los antiguos romanos. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Casa propia u hogar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que &lt;em&gt;lar&lt;/em&gt; es o el sitio para el fuego de la cocina, o usado en plural (&lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt;) es la casa de uno. Expongo más ejemplos donde a mí me parece que &lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt; se usa con otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se acabó el rejuego, Jesús, al menos por mucho tiempo. Es mejor que nos vayamos a otros lares, nadie te va a quitar tu sombra; a dos días de distancia está Querétaro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Azuela, &quot;El tamaño del infierno&quot;, 1973 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y que conste, que la Dolores nada tendría que argumentar porque cuando yo andaba haciendo mis maturrangas por aquellos lares, ella todavía andaba prendida de las entrañas de sus padres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Víctor Cáceres Lara, &quot;Tierra ardiente [Cuentos completos]&quot;, a 1966 (Honduras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo esas frases a mí me da la sensación de que la expresión &quot;otros lares&quot; o &quot;aquellos lares&quot; equivalen a &quot;otras tierras&quot; y &quot;aquellas tierras&quot;. No entiendo que se refiera específicamente a las casas u hogares de la gente de las tierras mencionadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí entiendo que igual esta forma de usar la palabra se haya generado en contraposición a cuando se usa para referirse a la casa de uno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El reino de Portugal [...] era por el año 1820 una verdadera dependencia de su colonia en América en donde gobernaba don Juan VI, su rey de derecho divino, arrojado de la patria y de sus lares por la soberbia del vencedor de Austerlitz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, &quot;Nativa&quot;, 1890 (Uruguay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión que me planteo es: ¿qué se entiende entonces realmente cuando se usa &quot;lares&quot; como en los ejemplos? ¿Se refiere a las casas como dice la definición del DLE, o se entiende como sinónimo de &quot;tierras&quot; o de &quot;lugares&quot;? ¿O es que el uso de &quot;lares&quot; como &quot;tierras&quot; o &quot;lugares&quot; es más propio de América, a tenor de los ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-09-10T15:45:12.607" Title="¿Qué se entiende al decir &quot;¿Qué te trae por estos lares?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22672" CreationDate="2017-10-10T08:07:10.920" Score="5" ViewCount="4316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe en España el insulto &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a alguien afectado, frágil, no del todo claro entre lo que dice sobre la moral y lo que acaba haciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: se pasa el día pidiendo a la gente que sea buena pero luego es incapaz de ayudar a una viejecita a cruzar la calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OhvYTiL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;meapilas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;mear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. santurrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que a su vez nos lleva a &lt;em&gt;mear&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;orinar&lt;/em&gt; (¡o &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22556/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;peer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;!) y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XGaXdaq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;santurrón, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del despect. de &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Exagerado en los actos de devoción. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Gazmoño, hipócrita que aparenta ser devoto. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sz7PRrG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pila&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. pila 'mortero'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Pieza grande de piedra o de otra materia, cóncava y profunda, donde cae o se echa el agua para varios usos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Pieza de piedra, cóncava, con su pedestal de la misma materia, y tapa de madera, que hay en las iglesias parroquiales para administrar el sacramento del bautismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Parroquia o feligresía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, la imagen que nos acaba generando es la de alguien que orina en una pila bautismal, que es algo bastante más &lt;em&gt;hooliganizado&lt;/em&gt; que el disloque puramente moral de quien así se define.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo ello, me pregunto: ¿cuál es el origen de meapilas? ¿Se usa fuera de España? ¿Es correcta la definición que di inicialmente del término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T14:00:41.720" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;meapilas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22671" CreationDate="2017-10-10T08:36:17.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro dos casos en el CORDE, pero uno no me deja muy claro el significado de la palabra. El otro creo que sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;24 diciembre, sábado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Que no, puchas! ¡Que esto no es la Nochebuena! Aunque el torda del tío se emperre que es mejor que aquello. Pero, como yo le digo, de qué, tío, sí no hay cosa con cosa. Que me diga que esto es como la noche San Juan allá, pase, pero de lo otro, ni hablar. Una cerveza aquí, una horchata allá, un trago en el otro sitio, que no son formas, vamos. Luego los belenes, si les pones nieve, mal; si les pones calor, peor. Uno, mal que bien, tiene sus creencias y de esta manera parece como que todo fuese una coña. Y no es que uno sea un meapilas, pero las cosas serias, serias son y no hay por qué menearlas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Delibes, &quot;Diario de un emigrante&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto yo diría que &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a un &lt;em&gt;santurrón&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de &quot;devoto exagerado&quot;. Entiendo que este significado de &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; pudo originarse por la idea de que alguien pueda pasar tanto tiempo en la iglesia que no tenga más remedio que hacer sus necesidades donde le pille con tal de no abandonarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por si no queda claro, en el CREA hay casos más recientes que insisten en ese significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dice Emilio: -Enfermo me pone esto de Castilla Imperial. Aquí en Taranco, en el valle, es donde por primera vez apareció la palabra Castilla. Fue en el acta fundacional del monasterio. Pues aquí lo vienen a celebrar unos tipos cultos, gente del Opus, los Satunotes les llaman, y hablan de lo castellano y le dan varapalo a la cultura del calimocho. Pero lo cojonudo es que vinieron también los comuneros y, coño, los dos iban por lo castellano, la identidad y estas cosas, pero salieron echando pestes, que ellos eran izquierdistas y los otros, meapilas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Vanguardia, 16/05/1995.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí directamente está llamando &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; a la gente del Opus, entiendo nuevamente que en su sentido de &quot;devoto exagerado&quot;. Por lo que creo que tu idea inicial del significado de la palabra puede estar equivocada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, el problema veo que está en las dos definiciones de &lt;em&gt;santurrón&lt;/em&gt;: yo he estado haciendo alusión a la primera acepción, pero tiene una segunda que sí que describe tu idea inicial. Y dado que la redirección de &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;santurrón&lt;/em&gt; no especifica a cuál de las dos acepciones de esta se refiere, la gente la puede usar como indicas, en plan despectivo y significando &quot;hipócrita&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo en el blog de &lt;em&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-la-expresion-ser-un-meapilas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hay una entrada sobre esta palabra&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comenzó a utilizarse el término ‘meapilas’ para referirse a aquellos beatos de misa y confesión diaria, ya que se creía que de tanto ir a la iglesia y persignarse con el agua bendita acabarían orinándola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta interpretación desde luego es más respetuosa y menos hereje: no es que mees en las pilas, sino lo que hay en las pilas. Y aclara que, efectivamente, en los últimos años está virando el significado hacia lo que tú comentas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde un tiempo a esta parte se le cambió el sentido original y es frecuente escuchar la expresión ‘ese es un meapilas’ con la intención de &lt;em&gt;señalar la poca importancia del mismo e indicar que está falto de personalidad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque indica que este cambio no se sabe a ciencia cierta cuándo tuvo lugar. Incide también en este origen &quot;El Gran Libro de los Insultos&quot;, de Pancracio Celdrán (publicado en 2008):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es voz compuesta en la que el término pila alude a la del agua bendita situada a la entrada del templo y usada para persignarse o santiguarse quien entra en el lugar sagrado. Por otro lado, el verbo mear está empleado en sentido figurado: lo que mea el santurrón es el agua bendita de tanto tomarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Define además este libro la palabra &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santurrón, beato; measalves o persona hipócrita que se da golpes en el pecho y entona el &lt;em&gt;Yo pecador&lt;/em&gt;, pero cuya conducta no está a la altura de su pretendida piedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual incide también en la variante &lt;em&gt;hipócrita&lt;/em&gt; de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al ámbito temporal, el primer caso que encuentro en el CORDE es el mencionado de 1958. No encuentro casos en la hemeroteca de la BNE pero sí en la del periódico ABC, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1967/10/21/076.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siendo el primero de 1967&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quienes suelen pensar que los hombres de Acción Católica o de las demás organizaciones apostólicas son -lo que en un lenguaje muy vulgar y con perdón-, suele llamarse meapilas, santurrones preocupados de sus devociones, pero desenganchados de los dolores del mundo, se hubieran llevado un buen chasco asistiendo a esta Asamblea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso que este texto nos explica que las dos acepciones de &lt;em&gt;santurrón&lt;/em&gt; no son tan diferentes: si eres un &lt;em&gt;meapilas&lt;/em&gt; eres un devoto tan exagerado que pierdes el vínculo con la realidad y no aplicas tu &lt;em&gt;santidad&lt;/em&gt; hacia los demás. Siguiendo con la línea temporal, comentar que el Ngram nos da un caso anterior, de 1949, correspondiente a un ejemplar de la &lt;em&gt;Revista de dialectología y tradiciones populares&lt;/em&gt;, haciendo referencia a los apodos que se usan en la provincia de Burgos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VILLADIEGO - &lt;em&gt;Meapilas&lt;/em&gt;. Los de los pueblos inmediatos les cantan la copla siguiente: Cuando sale la luna / sale el lucero / salen los meapilas / de Villadiego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de esta fecha no encuentro nada por ninguna parte, así que ignoro hacia cuándo pudo ser el origen de la expresión en su forma oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para concluir, comentar que todos los casos encontrados tanto en el CORDE (2) como en el CREA (29) como en el CORPES (40) son todos de España, por lo que parece poco probable que la expresión haya pasado a América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T13:15:29.800" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:15:29.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22670" CreationDate="2017-10-10T10:22:48.263" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, y mal que le pese a la RAE, &lt;em&gt;lar&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra culta y literaria que no se emplea prácticamente nunca, excepto en plural y en una de esas frases idiomáticas que mencionaste, o similares, con el significado de &quot;lugares&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el mismo significado y en las mismas frases, frecuentemente oigo también &lt;em&gt;lados&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El último de tus ejemplos sólo difiere del resto en que se refiere explícitamente a una persona (&lt;em&gt;su patria y sus lares&lt;/em&gt;). Tanto &lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;lados&lt;/em&gt; funcionan habitualmente con el sentido de &quot;lugares&quot; cuando llevan un demostrativo (&lt;em&gt;por aquellos lares, por estos lados&lt;/em&gt;). Al menos a mí el posesivo allí me suena también literario o arcaico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aventuraría que &lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt; tomó el significado de &quot;lugares&quot; por similitud fonética además de semántica, con &lt;em&gt;lados&lt;/em&gt; como refuerzo adicional. El plural quizá refleje, como en &quot;lugares&quot;, la idea de un área más o menos grande e indefinida, igual que ocurre con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RSFJVnK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pagos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (cf. &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojYBJ3yslIQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Me vuelvo a mis pagos&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:22:48.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22670" CreationDate="2017-10-10T11:27:05.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The cliche phrase in Latin was &lt;em&gt;lares et penates&lt;/em&gt; referring to the household gods as noted in the second definition quoted in the question. In fact the word &lt;em&gt;lar&lt;/em&gt; had a number of other meanings but the key which linked them all was the fact that a &lt;em&gt;lar&lt;/em&gt; had a local remit unlike the gods with which we might be more familiar although that remit might be quite extended. Sadly the Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lares_(mitolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; is rather limited but fortunately the Enlgish &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;one&lt;/a&gt; tells you far, far more about &lt;em&gt;lares&lt;/em&gt; than you could possibly want to know. I think all the examples quoted could fit, broadly speaking, within the meaning of the Latin word and usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T11:27:05.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22670" CreationDate="2017-10-10T11:38:18.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an idiomatic expression in English, &quot;what brings you around these parts?&quot; that is more or less the same as the question in your title.  &quot;These parts&quot; and &quot;estos lares&quot; don't mean the same thing taken literally.  There is no sense of &quot;home&quot; in &quot;parts&quot;.  But as idioms, they work more or less the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T11:38:18.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T13:28:10.217" Score="8" ViewCount="2324" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia este verbo significa &quot;enojarse demasiado&quot;. Buscando en el DLE se puede encontrar su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Etsj4Ww&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;emputarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De en- y puta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. malson. coloq. El Salv., Hond. y Méx. encolerizarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve en la entrada, existe una relación con &lt;em&gt;puta&lt;/em&gt;, cuya entrada en el DLE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UjqH8h6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puto, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;puttus&lt;/em&gt;, var. del lat. &lt;em&gt;putus&lt;/em&gt; 'niño'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. malson. U. como calificación denigratoria. &lt;em&gt;Me quedé en la puta calle.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. malson. U. c. antífrasis, para ponderar. &lt;em&gt;Ha vuelto a ganar. ¡Qué puta suerte tiene!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. malson. U. para enfatizar la ausencia o la escasez de algo. &lt;em&gt;No tengo un puto duro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. malson. prostituto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. malson. sodomita (que practica la sodomía).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No logro asociar los dos términos. ¿Existe alguna razón histórica para el origen de esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T14:04:52.790" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T03:51:27.760" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;emputarse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22681" CreationDate="2017-10-10T14:14:12.730" Score="4" ViewCount="4420" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto ejemplos donde frases como &quot;me viene la película&quot; o &quot;no se lo digas a nadie&quot; tienen el pronombre &quot;se&quot; como dativo, lo que no entiendo es qué diferencia a un dativo de un reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17843" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T14:20:56.897" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T01:21:49.553" Title="¿Qué es un dativo? ¿Cuántos hay? ¿Cuál es su diferencia con los pronombres reflexivos?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22362" CreationDate="2017-10-10T16:21:16.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como tu mismo lo dices, la palabra arrecho sirve tanto para cosas malas como para cosas buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En situaciones malas, se usa para cuando una persona está enojada/furiosa o disgustada por la situación que está viviendo en ese momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Estoy arrecho por que esa persona me robo mi carro y ¡Nadie hace nada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Estoy molesto/furioso por que esa persona me robo mi carro y ¡Nadie hace nada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En situaciones buenas, se usa para describir que algo ha sido fascinante, espectacular o satisfactorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡Que concierto arrecho el de ayer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡Que concierto espectacular el de ayer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora el significado de la oración que pusiste en negrita es que Venezuela está dividida en dos bandos: Los que están molestos por la política actual de su gobierno y los que están convencidos en que su política actual es más que satisfactoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:21:16.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3552" CreationDate="2017-10-10T16:41:05.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sabía que en una fecha determinada vino Gardel a Chile...y la fecha coincidió con el pago de los trabajadores. ...y de ahí quedó la frase famosa sólo en Chile &quot;Hoy canta Gardel &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17845" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:41:05.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22678" CreationDate="2017-10-11T01:21:49.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En gramática se le llama &lt;strong&gt;dativo&lt;/strong&gt; por tradición (el caso dativo del latín) a lo que expresa un objeto indirecto. Por ejemplo, en &lt;em&gt;&quot;No se lo digas a nadie&quot;&lt;/em&gt; el pronombre de tercera persona &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; es dativo (parte del objeto indirecto). En este caso &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;a nadie&lt;/em&gt; son los dos el mismo objeto indirecto, pero por una regla gramatical del castellano, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; tiene que aparecer aunque sea redundante. Otros ejemplos de pronombres dativos (en &lt;strong&gt;negrita&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; dimos regalos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Debo entregar&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; esta carta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo vamos a decir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El pronombre dativo normalmente es &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;; cuando hay un pronombre de objeto directo, o acusativo, el dativo cambia a &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;pronombre reflexivo&lt;/strong&gt; es un pronombre de objeto que refiere al mismo sujeto. Los pronombres reflexivos de primera y segunda persona son iguales a los de objeto (&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;), pero el pronombre reflexivo de tercera persona es &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; (en singular o plural). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos ejemplos &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; es acusativo (objeto directo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se miró en el espejo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se perdieron en la selva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; es dativo (objeto indirecto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se compró un regalo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se hizo daño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T01:21:49.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22694" CreationDate="2017-10-11T07:29:41.653" Score="4" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LO2GGPy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indicativo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;indicatīvus&lt;/em&gt;, and this one from &lt;em&gt;indicô, -âs, -âre, indicâvî, indicâtum&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;to indicate&quot;. The reason for that name is that the indicative tenses point out or state objective, proven facts, and we are just &lt;em&gt;indicating&lt;/em&gt; that fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YXmw8Bc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; word comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;subiunctīvus&lt;/em&gt;, and this one from &lt;em&gt;subiunctus&lt;/em&gt; (from &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;under&quot;, and &lt;em&gt;iungô, is, ere, iûnxî, iûnctum&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;to join&quot;), meaning &lt;em&gt;to join beneath, to subordinate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the subjunctive mood is used to state facts as &quot;virtual, non-specified, non-verified or non-experimented&quot;. So what does that etymology have to do with the subjunctive mood and its uses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T07:36:08.610" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T07:33:18.467" Title="Explanation of the etymology of &quot;subjuntivo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22658" CreationDate="2017-10-11T09:10:35.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;264&lt;/s&gt; 217 (&lt;s&gt;238&lt;/s&gt; 196 con bonus)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo bribón se lo monta ya,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a plazos compra chicas, sofá;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tatúan sus puños: &quot;odio&quot;, &quot;amor&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pega a sus críos, pues no ven valor en  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Muerte, gloria... da igual.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del rock todo pícaro enriquecido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dice al micro &quot;Antes muerto que vendido&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mas lo creo, es ciencia pura:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  folla monjas y serás cura.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T21:49:04.837" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T21:49:04.837" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-11T09:10:35.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22691" CreationDate="2017-10-11T16:14:42.653" Score="4" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2713/preguntad-preguntad-malditos&quot;&gt;recent post in Meta&lt;/a&gt;,&#xA;the title:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Preguntad, preguntad, malditos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does not, as I had expected, carry exclamation marks. I have looked through similar questions on this site and at &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=interrogacion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this section&lt;/a&gt; in the DPD but I could find nothing on this site about commands specifically and the DPD is more about the correct way to write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is whether the rule is that commands should have them, as in ¡&lt;em&gt;Cállate&lt;/em&gt;! or is it optional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T09:42:30.217" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T09:42:30.217" Title="Should a command carry exclamation marks?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22693" CreationDate="2017-10-11T16:33:19.020" Score="1" ViewCount="1502" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión &amp;quot;hasta ahora me desayuno&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Colombia se usa la expresión &amp;quot;hasta ahora me desayuno&amp;quot; queriendo decir que hasta ahora se entera uno de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DPD se puede encontrar este significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=desayunar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desayunar(se)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el sentido, también figurado y poco usual hoy, de ‘enterarse de algo que ya saben otros hace tiempo’, el complemento va precedido normalmente de la preposición de: «Pues en este momento me desayuno yo de semejante historia» (SchzFerlosio Jarama [Esp. 1956]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la relación entre desayunar y enterarse de algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T13:53:56.303" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;hasta ahora me desayuno&quot;?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22687" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-11T22:03:05.687" Score="5" ViewCount="1381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a viajar a Guatemala en unos meses, ¿Necesito aprender cómo conjugar en la forma &quot;vos&quot; antes de irme? ¿No puedo ir solo sabiendo &quot;tú?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17853" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T03:22:06.230" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T23:08:46.080" Title="¿Para un viaje a Guatemala tengo que aprender a conjugar con &quot;vos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;guatemala&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22708" CreationDate="2017-10-11T23:04:51.403" Score="9" ViewCount="94150" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la definición de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UoUSna0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;, la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quesadilla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; Tortilla de maíz rellena de queso &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; otros ingredientes que se come caliente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más completa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quesadilla_(M%C3%A9xico)#Diferencias_entre_la_Ciudad_de_M.C3.A9xico_y_el_resto_del_pa.C3.ADs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, pero la esencia es la misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La quesadilla es un platillo mexicano que consiste en una tortilla de maíz, o también de trigo, doblada por la mitad que puede estar rellena de queso &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; de otros ingredientes y que se come caliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al denotar la conjunción disyuntiva &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; deduzco que una quesadilla puede o no llevar queso, lo cual desencadena una batalla interminable entre los habitantes de la Ciudad de México (y sus alrededores) y los estados de provincia, los cuales aseguran que la quesadilla debe llevar queso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si una persona de la Ciudad de México pide una quesadilla de pollo, se refiere a una tortilla doblada que contiene únicamente pollo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si una persona de alguna provincia pide una quesadilla de pollo, se refiere a una tortilla doblada que contiene queso y pollo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigando acerca del origen de la palabra, no hay fuentes confiables. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El vocablo náhuatl &lt;strong&gt;quetzaditzin&lt;/strong&gt; que es totalmente falso, en esa lengua no existía la letra &lt;em&gt;D&lt;/em&gt;, además, el término que hace referencia a una tortilla es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortilla_de_ma%C3%ADz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tlaxcalli&lt;/a&gt;. La terminación &lt;em&gt;TZIN&lt;/em&gt; hace alusión reverencial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La página &lt;a href=&quot;https://deliciasprehispanicas.com/tag/quetzaditzin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WowRestaurant&lt;/a&gt; asegura que el término quesadilla proviene 100% de España, eso debido a la terminación &lt;em&gt;illa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La página &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lahojadearena.com/de-quesadillas-sin-queso-y-gente-hipercorrecta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La hoja de arena&lt;/a&gt; dice que el nombre hace honor al relleno, así como la forma de la tortilla doblada forma una letra &lt;em&gt;D&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un sin fin de fuentes, sin saber si realmente son veraces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El meollo de este asunto es para conocer su origen, y con esto determinar si una quesadilla en su momento debía o no llevar queso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T13:53:38.957" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T18:44:55.813" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;quesadilla&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22687" CreationDate="2017-10-12T00:20:00.537" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guatamala existe una triple distinción entre &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.  Aunque si fueses a vivir allí sería plenamente recomendable aprender el voseo tal y como se emplea en Guatemala, la verdad es que, especialmente dado que el tuteo se considera más formal que el voseo (pero no tan formal como el trato de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;), tutear sin vosear no te va a ocasionar ningún problema, sobre todo como extranjero (e incluso en países como Argentina donde no hay triple distinción, por ser extranjero, no va a haber ningún problema).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo lo de arriba sin tener experiencia personal en Guatemala, pero sería la recomendación general para cualquier viajero a un país voseante.  Lo único que notaría es que según la Wikipedia, el tuteo entre dos hombres en Guatemala se percibe algo afeminado, y se evita.  Pero dudo que los guatemaltecos, al escuchar un hombre extranjero que tutea, vayan a juzgarlo de la misma forma que a un guatemalteco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si quieres, y especialmente si no eres nativo, diría que intentes aprender el voseo, que es una de las riquezas de la lengua menos enseñadas en clases de castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T00:20:00.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2017-10-12T00:31:37.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una quesadilla sin queso no es más que un taco, por modo de que un taco es oficialmente un platillo servido envuelto en una tortilla. Un taco se define en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YvQrYuw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; como tal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;10. m. Tortilla de maíz enrollada con algún alimento dentro, típica de México.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendose esto con precisión de láser, la definición de un taco en la RAE dice que debe ser de maíz. Creo es errónea porque una tortilla de harina podría por igual usarse para servir un taco. Por lo tanto, no prestaría tanta atención a lo que define una quesadilla como &lt;em&gt;de queso u otros ingredientes&lt;/em&gt; como veridico al 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo prefiero dar por definida la palabra según su incepción como denotando un alimento creado con queso, tal su nombre de &lt;strong&gt;quesa&lt;/strong&gt;dilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También vale observar que por el mismo, &lt;em&gt;de queso u otros ingredientes&lt;/em&gt; da la posibilidad de que esta sea rellena de únicamente queso, como por igual de queso más otros ingredientes, y no exclusivamente de queso más otros ingredientes. De ser a cambio &lt;em&gt;de queso &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; otros ingredientes&lt;/em&gt;, se excluye que sea únicamente de queso, que no tiene ningún sentido en lo absoluto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; He llegado a una fuente sumamente veridica con información relevante al tema. Favor de leer lo que se encuentra aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/obra/suma/r3/buscar.asp?idVocabulum=56&amp;amp;starts=Q&amp;amp;word=quesadilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Minucias del lenguaje, escrito por José G. Moreno de Alba, publicación en la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta publicacion se da a conocer que la palabra quesadilla deriva de la palabra quesada, un &quot;pastelillo compuesto de queso y masa&quot;, o &quot;un dulce a modo de pastelillo relleno de almíbar, conserva o algun otro manjar&quot;, más el diminutivo -illa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimologicamente se comprueba el vínculo con el hecho que lleva queso, pero la publicación reconoce el &quot;desplazamiento semantico&quot; del significado de la palabra en CDMX, y que tal como se usa, deja de ser algo que debe llevar queso a algo que lo puede llevar por opción. Tal para cual, es correcta de ambas formas, pero originalmente, o más bien dicho, anteriormente, la quesadilla mexicana llevaba queso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorUserId="17803" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T23:06:58.353" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T23:06:58.353" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22685" CreationDate="2017-10-12T05:52:48.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title of the Meta post is mocking the title of this movie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://imagessl.casadellibro.com/m/ig/0/1303820.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;DANZAD, DANZAD, MALDITOS&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, it doesn't have any exclamation marks either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exclamation marks are for intonation, not for meaning.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One can give commands without as much as raising their voice, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Podemos salir a jugar?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No sé, preguntad a mamá.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence includes a command (&lt;em&gt;preguntad&lt;/em&gt;), but it is to be read with a normal voice tone, so exclamation marks are not needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Can't get the image to show on my cellphone, somebody please edit the link into a proper image, thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T09:40:39.820" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T09:40:39.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2017-10-12T06:44:05.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quesadilla &lt;em&gt;viene&lt;/em&gt; de queso, pero no tiene que contenerlo (si lo contiene, o cúanto, o si es un taco, no es la pregunta). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pese a esta etimología, &lt;em&gt;quesadillas&lt;/em&gt;  en provincia llevan queso y en CDMX, no. Pedir que sólo uno de los grupos tenga razón es ignorar cómo el significado de las palabras está en función del lugar donde se pronuncian (haz el experimento para &lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;paro&lt;/em&gt; en español latinoamericano, comparándolo con el peninsular: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Algún uso es incorrecto? ¿Alguien tiene que tener razón?). Ambas son correctas. Un capitalino en provincia tiene que pedir una quesadilla &quot;sin queso&quot; si no lo quiere dentro de la tortilla. Un provinciano en la capital tiene que pedirla &quot;con queso&quot; (cuando se le pregunte y la pregunta no tiene que ofender, pese a la etimología, su lógica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T13:36:35.830" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T13:36:35.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22686" CreationDate="2017-10-12T11:14:11.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso metafórico de &lt;em&gt;desayunarse&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;enterarse de algo apenas comenzada la jornada&quot; parece estar bastante extendido en el ámbito hispanohablante. Hay una pregunta anterior (que no logro encontrar) donde se mencionaba que de hecho &lt;em&gt;desayunarse&lt;/em&gt; era el único uso común y aceptado hasta no hace mucho. Hoy en día el uso pronominal con complemento (&lt;em&gt;Hasta ahora me desayuno de esto&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/anteriores/noviembre_00/16112000_03.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;está restringido a esa metáfora&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos lugares el complemento va encabezado por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;; en otros, por &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;. Alguien quizá sepa si el significado es exactamente el mismo. En Argentina, por ejemplo, se puede usar cualquiera de las dos preposiciones, pero la connotación es diferente en cada caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recién me desayuno de esto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Acabo de enterarme de esto y debería haberme enterado antes.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recién me desayuno con esto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Estoy sorprendido porque acabo de enterarme de pronto de esto.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notablemente existe también &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=r51TJ4CJ4e4C&amp;amp;pg=PA610&amp;amp;lpg=PA610&amp;amp;dq=%22desayunarse%20con%20una%20noticia%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Ki3INoCtEC&amp;amp;sig=KNYvmSvhlZ_riGX5BsjWBNMrAY4&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwja9IDy8-rWAhXKi5AKHe5jB3UQ6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22desayunarse%20con%20una%20noticia%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un uso metafórico antiguo que no es pronominal&lt;/a&gt; sino transitivo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[D]esde antiguo se registra un uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;desayunar&lt;/em&gt; en su forma&#xA;  no pronominal con el significado aproximado de 'informar por la mañana&#xA;  como primera noticia a alguien de algo'. Este es un texto de Fray Luis&#xA;  de Granada: «Porque no conviene desayunar al pueblo común de estos&#xA;  engaños» (&lt;em&gt;vid.&lt;/em&gt; CORDE). Este uso permanece, ignoro si con fuerza, en&#xA;  algunas zonas de América. He aquí un ejemplo de la Argentina en CREA:&#xA;  «Por la mañana la desayunó la voz de Marta Méscovo». También en&#xA;  América se registran usos actuales del verbo &lt;em&gt;desayunar&lt;/em&gt; con&#xA;  complemento de régimen (una forma híbrida de &lt;em&gt;desayunarse con algo&lt;/em&gt; y&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;desayunar algo&lt;/em&gt;): «El viernes pasado desayunó con dos panes franceses, jamón y mantequilla» (Perú) (&lt;em&gt;vid.&lt;/em&gt; CREA); «Bello desayunó&#xA;  con la novedad de su candidatura a algunos dirigentes» (la Argentina)&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;vid.&lt;/em&gt; CREA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay una fecha clara en la cual el desayuno comenzó a usarse metafóricamente como el enterarse de algo, pero la metáfora en sí no es difícil de aprehender aunque uno no la haya oído antes. Un ejemplo anecdótico de lo sencillo de la asociación es la cantidad de programas informativos matutinos de radio y televisión que existen llamados &lt;em&gt;Desayuno de noticias&lt;/em&gt; o algo parecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T13:53:56.303" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T13:53:56.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22683" CreationDate="2017-10-12T12:39:04.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; appears in English as an adjective and then as noun, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/word/subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to EtymOnline&lt;/a&gt; (usually a good source). It is attested as the&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;mood employed to denote an action or state as conceived and not as a&#xA;  fact,&quot; 1620s, from earlier adjectival use of &lt;em&gt;subjunctive&lt;/em&gt; (1520s),&#xA;  from Late Latin &lt;em&gt;subiunctivus&lt;/em&gt; &quot;serving to join, connecting,&quot; from&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;subiunct-&lt;/em&gt;, past participle stem of Latin &lt;em&gt;subiungere&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to append, add at the end, place under,&quot; from &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt; &quot;under&quot; + &lt;em&gt;iungere&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to join&#xA;  together&quot; (from nasalized form of PIE root *&lt;em&gt;yeug-&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to join&quot;). &lt;strong&gt;The&#xA;  Latin &lt;em&gt;modus subiunctivus&lt;/em&gt; probably is a grammarians' loan-translation&#xA;  of Greek &lt;em&gt;hypotaktike enklisis&lt;/em&gt; &quot;subordinated,&quot; so called because the&#xA;  Greek subjunctive mood is used almost exclusively in subordinate&#xA;  clauses.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Emphasis mine.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The names of grammatical categories are always conventional and, in Western European languages, often derived from Latin models, in turn derived from Greek grammar, in the manner explained above. Grammarians no longer try to force modern languages into classical molds, but the traditional names remain.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T12:39:04.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22701" CreationDate="2017-10-12T13:48:01.677" Score="6" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un artículo de un periodico online &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elespectador.com/noticias/el-mundo/maduro-todo-el-que-vote-el-domingo-estara-reconociendo-la-constituyente-articulo-717728&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;La ANC decidió que los gobernadores que el pueblo va a elegir (...) para poder asumir sus cargos, tendrán que juramentarse y subordinarse a la ANC como requisito sine qua non, ineludible. (...)&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE existe una entrada para &lt;em&gt;sine qua non&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xy7q3lU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sine qua non&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loc. lat.; literalmente 'sin la cual no'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es redundante usar la expresión &lt;em&gt;sine qua non&lt;/em&gt; para hablar de un requisito y además decir que es ineludible? ¿No está implícito ya que es ineludible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T22:58:45.720" Title="¿Es redundante &quot;sine qua non&quot; e &quot;ineludible&quot; en la misma frase?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;latinismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22697" CreationDate="2017-10-12T15:46:13.993" Score="12" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he tenido una confusion con los apellidos con preposiciones, tales como: &quot;de los Santos, de la Rosa, del Carmen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es si estos se deben escribir como se indica arriba o si las preposiciones deben ir en mayúscula, &quot;De Los Santos&quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17858" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T05:42:55.067" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T05:42:55.067" Title="Mayúsculas en apellidos con preposiciones" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22696" CreationDate="2017-10-12T15:50:14.610" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QeajYwPZtRcoxZgg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; se explica cuándo se usa mayúscula y cuándo no para apellidos con preposiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si un apellido comienza por preposición, o por preposición y artículo, estos se escriben con minúscula cuando acompañan al nombre de pila: &lt;em&gt;Luis de Torres, Juana de la Rosa&lt;/em&gt;; pero, si se omite el nombre de pila, la preposición debe escribirse con mayúscula: &lt;em&gt;señor De Torres, De la Rosa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T11:06:29.793" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T11:06:29.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22687" CreationDate="2017-10-12T19:00:33.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta que da @guifa me parece muy válida. Entre más inmersa estes en las costumbres del lugar al que vas, supongo que mejor será la experiencia y el proceso de adaptación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, si tengo que dar una respuesta directa a tu pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Para un viaje a Guatemala tengo que aprender a conjugar con “vos”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi respuesta es no, no tienes que hacerlo. Si tienes un dominio aceptable del &quot;usted&quot; o del &quot;tú&quot; te van a entender perfectamente. Es decir, si deseas aprender a usar el &quot;vos&quot; está muy bien, pero si no lo haces eso no te va a impedir la comunicación, y nadie esperaría de ti (de un extranjero, en general) que lo domines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como caso particular, yo vivo en Colombia, donde coexisten las tres formas: &quot;usted&quot;, &quot;vos&quot; y &quot;tú&quot;. En unas regiones se usan una de las tres, o dos o todas; en distintas medidas y circunstancias. Yo sé usar las tres, pero solo estoy acostumbrado a usar el &quot;usted&quot; y el &quot;tú”. Nunca he usado el &quot;vos&quot; ni lo uso ahora que vivo en una ciudad donde prevalece esa forma. La razón: no me impide la comunicación y no me sentiría &quot;natural&quot; usarlo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi recomendación: no lo fuerces. No estás incurriendo en errores del lenguaje, diría que es más cultural. Si con el tiempo terminas usándolo que sea porque lo vas adoptando naturalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T19:10:04.937" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T19:10:04.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22695" CreationDate="2017-10-12T22:58:45.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy de acuerdo (al menos parcialmente) con @mdewey. En mi opinión están haciendo una aclaración por si no se entiende, o quizás incluso para darle más énfasis a la expresión. Poner dos adjetivos sinónimos o con significado cercano puede servir para eso mismo en otros contextos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se compró un bolso horrible, feísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer hizo un día precioso, espectacular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece particularmente acertado el uso de la coma para separar ambos adjetivos. Si se utilizase un &quot;y&quot; sí que me parecería redundante y que el redactor no tiene mucha confianza en que esté usando correctamente una expresión bastante formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, tampoco parece mal adjetivar &lt;em&gt;requisito&lt;/em&gt; con palabras como &lt;em&gt;indispensable&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ineludible&lt;/em&gt;. También refuerza el carácter obligatorio de la condición o requisito en cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T22:58:45.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22687" CreationDate="2017-10-12T23:08:46.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo soy española y como tal no uso nunca el &quot;vos&quot;, sólo el &quot;tú&quot; para situaciones informales y el &quot;usted&quot; para situaciones formales. Pero sí que sé conjugarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si fuera a Guatemala tengo muy claro que no cambiaría mi forma de hablar :) no habrá problemas de comunicación y los de allí en seguida deducirían que no soy guatemalteca, por mi acento, y llegarían a la conclusión de que es mi forma de hablar habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente, si un guatemalteco me habla con el &quot;vos&quot;, en seguida notaría el acento diferente, y supondría que esa es su forma de hablar habitual, y no esperaría que él cambiase al &quot;tú&quot;. No impide la comunicación en ningún caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, aunque no sé de dónde eres, creo que no hablas español de forma nativa, así que esto es todavía más justificable. Usa el pronombre que mejor domines, porque te conseguirás comunicar con cualquiera de los tres, en el país hispano-hablante que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T23:08:46.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-13T03:30:16.307" Score="6" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensé qué el adjetivo va siempre antes del sustantivo, excepto en casos de cantidad ('muchas casas', 'diez perros', etc.) Recientemente me he dado cuenta de que &quot;Santa Fe&quot; no se refiere a un santo, y no puedo entender por qué el adjetivo está primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17868" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T21:21:58.267" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T21:21:58.267" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;Santa Fe&quot;, no &quot;Fe Santa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22703" CreationDate="2017-10-13T04:15:44.673" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si hablas de la ciudad en Nuevo México, el nombre completo sí es de un santo — San Francisco de Asís.  Pero bueno...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo no siempre va después del sustantivo.  Hay varias razones por las que un adjetivo puede ir antes, pero en este caso la diferencia es que «fe santa» referiría a una fe que, por casualidad, es santa.  Pero al hablar de «santa fe», estamos hablando de una fe que se identifica principalmente por su santidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T13:21:21.080" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T13:21:21.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22683" CreationDate="2017-10-13T07:17:47.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 1771, when the RAE introduced its first &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; to the world, the subjunctive mood was defined in a different way than today's. Then the subjunctive verb tenses were described like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el que necesita juntarse con otro verbo expreso ó suplido que perfeccione el sentido de la oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, every verb tense that cannot stand alone in a sentence and needs from another verb (present or omitted) to make sense, that tense is a subjunctive one. So, the definition of &lt;em&gt;subjunctive&lt;/em&gt; was not about the &lt;em&gt;mood&lt;/em&gt;, but about the way you use it in a sentence, and making it clearer the relation between the etymology of the word itself and its definition, as the subjunctive verb tenses really needed to be subordinated to another tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there was a time in which the definition of &lt;em&gt;subjunctive&lt;/em&gt; changed, and that leads me to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22707/12637&quot;&gt;another question&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T07:33:18.467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T07:33:18.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22707" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-13T07:32:54.297" Score="2" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the RAE was funded back in the 18th century, their definition of &quot;subjunctive&quot; was like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SUBJUNTIVO. Es uno de los modos de conjugar los verbos. Dixose assi, porque regularmente se rige de otra oración. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Diccionario de Autoridades)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;, el que necesita juntarse con otro verbo expreso ó suplido que perfeccione el sentido de la oracion. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Gramática de la lengua castellana)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the way the subjunctive mood was defined then was by expressing that a verb in a subjunctive tense cannot stand alone in a sentence and always needs of another verb (in the indicative, imperative or infinitive moods, present or omitted) to make complete sense. Nowadays it is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PUzkYPH#7qFg7Ln&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;modo subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. modo con que se marca lo expresado por el predicado como información virtual, inespecífica, no verificada o no experimentada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, now it is defined by the things or feelings you want to express with that mood (and thus making the definition really about the &lt;em&gt;mood&lt;/em&gt; and not about the way you have to use it). &lt;strong&gt;Does that mean that the definition from 1771 is now invalid as a consequence of the evolution of the language? Or does it still make sense? Or maybe it was never true?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T16:53:18.720" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T09:29:41.563" Title="Is RAE's definition of &quot;subjunctive&quot; from 1771 still valid today?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2017-10-13T09:09:14.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando el término &lt;em&gt;quesadilla&lt;/em&gt; en diccionarios históricos, veo que ya en el siglo XVII existía la palabra. Una de las primeras definiciones del término aparece en un diccionario español-francés de 1607, en el que se dice que una quesadilla es &quot;une tartelette de fromage&quot; (que, si mi francés no me engaña, significa &quot;queso&quot;). En un diccionario español-inglés de 1617 se define como sinónimo de &quot;quesada&quot;: &quot;a cheesecake&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en 1737 la RAE lo define como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cierto género de pastél compuesto de queso y massa, que se hace regularmente por carnestolendas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quitando lo de &quot;carnestolendas&quot; (es decir, &quot;carnaval&quot;), el resto de la definición sigue tal cual en el DLE hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si lo buscamos en el CORDE vemos que hay casos incluso hasta en el siglo XV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Artocrea es empanada de carne como artotira es empanada de queso que dezimos quesadilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso de Palencia, &quot;Universal vocabulario en latín y en romance&quot;, 1490 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que este caso es incluso anterior al descubrimiento/invasión (elíjase el que proceda) de América por parte de Cristóbal Colón. Y si buscamos &quot;quesada&quot; (palabra de la cual parece provenir), se encuentran casos anteriores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ay, allende d'esto, otras cosas de cortar compuestas, ansí como queso e huevos fritos o en tortilla, quesadas e tartaras e tortas e ojaldes e juncadas e otras d'esta condiçión que non es neçesario alongar el dezir en sus cortaduras, nin fazer d'ellas capítulo aparte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enrique de Villena, &quot;Arte cisoria&quot;, 1423 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, originariamente y en su acepción española (de España), la palabra &lt;em&gt;quesadilla&lt;/em&gt; sí que implicaba el queso. Esto, claro está, es si queremos remitirnos al origen del término. Otra cosa es el origen del plato mexicano. No sé si la actual quesadilla mexicana fue una evolución paulatina de la quesadilla española, o si fue una invención repentina a la que dieron el nombre de &quot;quesadilla&quot; en honor a la quesadilla española, o si se le dio el nombre de &quot;quesadilla&quot; sin tener nada que ver con la quesadilla española y es simplemente una coincidencia. En cualquiera de los tres casos, veo difícil que se le diera ese nombre sin que, al menos de forma inicial, llevara queso. Otra cosa es que al final haya prevalecido el nombre de &quot;quesadilla&quot; para designar a todos los platos que tienen la misma forma, ya con independencia del relleno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T09:09:14.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22703" CreationDate="2017-10-13T09:48:25.153" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso creo que se trata más de algo que se ha dicho así por tradición desde tiempos inmemoriales. Véanse los siguientes casos extraídos del CORDE (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E el dicho sennor rey ganandola, entregola a la &lt;strong&gt;santa fe catolica&lt;/strong&gt; de Ihesu Cristo e de la su bendita madre Santa Maria, nuestra abogada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Castigos e documentos para bien vivir ordenados por el rey Sancho IV&quot;, 1293 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas tanto fizo y estonces aquell obispo Germano; que por la su predicacion tornaron muchos a la fe de ihesu xpristo en Costantinopla. &amp;amp; de si ell emperador Justino mando a todos los obispos xpristianos que fiziessen las eglesias. &amp;amp; que fuessen mantenidas &amp;amp; seruidas por &lt;strong&gt;clerigos de la santa fe&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;Estoria de Espanna que fizo el muy noble rey don Alfonsso...&quot;, c1270 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Señor Ihesu Christo, de piedat lleno! ¿Do estavas tu aquel dia que la çibdat de Merida salio &lt;strong&gt;de la santa fe&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Crónica del moro Rasis&quot;, c1300-1344 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, cuando se habla de la &quot;santa fe católica&quot;, el orden de las palabras es casi siempre ese, y es algo que se lleva escribiendo así desde hace siglos. Lo que no quita para que, de vez en cuando, se encuentre escrito al revés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E asý quiere que se salven teniendo &lt;strong&gt;la fe santa católica&lt;/strong&gt; verdadera e cunpliendo los sus mandamientos [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, el número de casos de &quot;fe santa&quot; con respecto a los de &quot;santa fe&quot; son muy reducidos (los casos en el CORDE son de aproximadamente 1 contra 20). Es por tanto normal que cuando se fundaran los pueblos (o lo que fuese) se usara el término &quot;Santa Fe&quot; dado que era como la &quot;coletilla&quot; que se usaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T09:48:25.153" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17219" CreationDate="2017-10-13T21:12:59.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;ja ja ja&amp;quot; me suena a sarcasmo. Si en un chat alguien escribe algo que no me parece particularmente gracioso, respondería con esa risa. También en el lenguaje hablado esas pausas cortas entre un ja y otro dan ese significado (al menos en mi experiencia). Claro que también la usaría si quiero &lt;em&gt;simular&lt;/em&gt; que me hizo enojar el comentario. La opinión de que &amp;quot;ja ja ja&amp;quot; es algo sarcástico  también la he visto en esta pregunta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-ja-o-jajaja-risa-en-un-texto.1569123/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; y también &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.com/noticia/Se-escribe-jajajaja-/356829&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;jajaja&amp;quot; es más cercana a una risa auténtica(sin el sarcasmo), pero puede verse un poco &amp;quot;rígida&amp;quot; si siempre la escribes así. Sería como una risa muy &amp;quot;controlada&amp;quot;. En un chat normal lo común, de acuerdo a lo que he visto, sería una risa tipo: &amp;quot;jajajajajja&amp;quot;: algo un poco más relajado y &amp;quot;natural&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como información adicional, he encontrado varios sitios que mencionan un supuesto estudio acerca de la risa en internet. No he verificado que el estudio en realidad exista, pero al menos es curioso lo que se menciona &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elpais.com/antiguru/2013/05/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;allí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Las pruebas indican que una verdadera muestra de risa se inicia a partir de los tres “ja” (jajaja) y que a partir de los cinco “ja” (jajajajaja) la persona probablemente sólo se está riendo para adular al otro”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dicen sobre el &amp;quot;jaja&amp;quot; (no está en la pregunta pero sería otra variante de risa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La persona no ha entendido el chiste pero le da vergüenza reconocerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El chiste ha sido muy malo pero no se quiere hacer sentir mal al otro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si es una mujer está claro que quiere terminar una conversación con un pretendiente y le cierra el camino con un “jaja”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En algunas ocasiones significa una risa sarcástica, sobre todo si se pone un espacio entre cada “ja” como por ejemplo “ja ja”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T21:12:59.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-13T23:36:56.393" Score="3" ViewCount="65326" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy interesado en saber el significado literal original de la expresión &quot;no mames&quot; o de dónde vino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuché la frase en vídeos del terremoto en México, en los cuales la usaban como una interjección. Estoy preguntando el origen de la frase y no su significado, el cual ya lo sé. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17496" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T21:20:59.480" LastActivityDate="2020-08-19T20:59:12.640" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la frase mexicana &quot;no mames&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22703" CreationDate="2017-10-14T01:09:31.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el caso de &quot;santa fe&quot; (o &quot;Santa Fe&quot;) no es muy diferente del de otros adjetivos que se anteponen a sustantivos (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21533/is-adjective-noun-adjective-the-normal-pattern/21534#21534&quot;&gt;Is adjective-noun-adjective the normal pattern?&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los adjetivos antepuestos suelen ser subjetivos y descriptivos, mientras que los pospuestos suelen ser objetivos y definitorios. En la frase nominal &quot;santa fe&quot;, &quot;santa&quot; es casi inherente a &quot;fe&quot;, y por eso su ubicación normal es precediendo al sustantivo. Veamos, por contraste, la frase de quien quiera descalificar esa virtud tildándola de &quot;fe estúpida&quot; o &quot;fe irracional&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la ubicación habitual es la antepuesta, la posición detrás del sustantivo puede sonar hasta enfática: &quot;fe santa&quot;, &quot;Virgen santa&quot;, &quot;Padre santo&quot;. En este último caso, ocurre además que la frase &quot;Santo Padre&quot; suele reservarse para el Papa, y entonces &quot;Padre santo&quot; se utilizará más comúnmente para referirse a Dios Padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T01:09:31.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22719" CreationDate="2017-10-14T13:43:18.223" Score="6" ViewCount="1557" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa la &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; cuando el objeto es una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: Veo &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; mi hermana. (No se dice &quot;Veo mi hermana.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se usa la &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; con personajes antropomorfos que &lt;em&gt;no son humanos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: ¿Cuáles están bien de las siguientes oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los rebeldes reparan &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; R2-D2. (o: &quot;Los rebeldes reparan R2-D2&quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi hermana besó &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; un vampiro. (o: &quot;Mi hermana besó un vampiro.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Conoce Ud. &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; SpongeBob SquarePants? (o: &quot;¿Conoce Ud. SpongeBob SquarePants?&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Capitán Kirk va a atacar &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; dos Klingons. (o: &quot;Capitán Kirk va a atacar dos klingons.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pinkie Pie abraza &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; Rainbow Dash. (o: &quot;Pinkie Pie abraza Rainbow Dash.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay reglas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13544" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:24:34.510" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:28:51.120" Title="¿Debo usar la 'a personal' con un personaje antropomorfo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;a-personal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2017-10-14T16:56:08.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí. En todos tus ejemplos hay que incluir la &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;. Se aplica a cualquier ser/personaje animado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apéndice: primer resultado en Google:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Complemento%20directo%20preposicional.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Complemento%20directo%20preposicional.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Aunque existen excepciones, lo habitual es que el CD lleve la preposición a cuando su referente es específico y animado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No encuentro mi libro&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No encuentro a mi gato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el referente es animado, pero no identificable, aparece generalmente sin preposición. Contrastan así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Busca (una) traductora&lt;/em&gt; (‘alguna, la que sea’) y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Busca a una traductora&lt;/em&gt; (‘una en particular’).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiende a suspenderse esta regla cuando es necesario evitar posible ambigüedades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casos en los que el sujeto y el CD con referentes inanimados son permutables: &lt;em&gt;La virtud vence al vicio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Circunstancias en las que el CD con referente animado coincide con otro complemento que se construye con a (&lt;em&gt;Entregaron al culpable / Entregaron el culpable a la policía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La presencia y la ausencia de la preposición depente también de la naturaleza semántica del verbo. Así, hay verbos, como ayudar o servir, que exigen siempre la preposición (&lt;em&gt;Ayuda a los enfermos&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que otros, como los existenciales haber o tener, no la llevan nunca (&lt;em&gt;Hay muchas personas; Isabel tiene dos hijos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay, incluso, verbos que cambian de significado en función de la presencia o ausencia de la preposición: &lt;em&gt;abandonar un pueblo&lt;/em&gt; (‘irse de él’) ~ &lt;em&gt;abandonar a un pueblo&lt;/em&gt; (‘no cuidarlo’).» [RAE: &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática básica de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;. Madrid: Espasa, 2011, p. 197-198]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T07:16:18.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22711" CreationDate="2017-10-14T16:59:14.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, todo apunta al origen obvio, bastante relacionado con el significado literal. En este caso el verbo mamar, se sobreentiende, hace referencia no a las ubres humanas sino más bien al órgano sexual masculino. Lo que básicamente es una felación dicho de forma soez. De hecho, en México suele acompañarse de ese mismo objeto directo, que es como &quot;vega&quot; pero con una r en medio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T16:59:14.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22717" CreationDate="2017-10-15T00:30:38.857" Score="5" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't understand why &quot;fue&quot; is being used with the present participle in the phrase &quot;que se fue transmitiendo de generación en generación&quot;. Shouldn't it be &quot;que se fue transmitido de generación en generación&quot;? It seems that if a sense of ongoing action in the past is intended - and apparently it isn't - it should be &quot;que se estaba transmitiendo de generación en generación&quot;. The context was: &quot;Desde los años 70, los universitarios formados en España realizaron un gran esfuerzo para que el nivel de español se mantuviera en buena salud. También se fue transmitiendo de generación en generación, de padres a hijos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17882" LastEditorUserId="17882" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T12:43:09.160" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T01:36:50.387" Title="Why &quot;se fue transmitiendo&quot; and not &quot;se fue transmitido&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22716" CreationDate="2017-10-15T11:38:27.760" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Please note that I've made up all of the examples below for you to understand the different meanings of &quot;fue&quot;, so in particular the statements under (1) and the first one in the last pair of examples should obviously not be taken as true.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to say your question is more difficult than it appears to be at first sight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;fue&quot; is a polysemic word in Spanish. It can be, always in the third person singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the past tense of &quot;ser&quot; (to be), whether as a copula or as the auxiliary of the passive:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.a. &lt;em&gt;El español &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; el idioma que más creció en la última década.&lt;/em&gt; (Spanish &lt;strong&gt;was&lt;/strong&gt; the language that grew the most over the last decade.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.b. &lt;em&gt;El español &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt; elegido como el idioma más popular el año pasado.&lt;/em&gt; (Spanish &lt;strong&gt;was&lt;/strong&gt; selected as the most popular language last year.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the past tense of &quot;ir&quot; (to go) as a main verb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.a. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue&lt;/strong&gt; a España a aprender español.&lt;/em&gt; (He &lt;strong&gt;went&lt;/strong&gt; to Spain to learn Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the past tense of &quot;ir&quot; (to go) as part of a progressive verb phrase of the kind &quot;ir(se) + V-ando/endo&quot;) to indicate (a) a gradual process, (b) the action of going away while doing something (with or without the pronominal particle &quot;se&quot;), and (c) a gradual process &lt;strong&gt;in the passive&lt;/strong&gt; (with the pronominal particle &quot;se&quot;):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.a. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fue&lt;/strong&gt; aprendiendo español de a poco.&lt;/em&gt; (He came to learn Spanish little by little.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.b. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Se) Fue&lt;/strong&gt; hablando en español.&lt;/em&gt; (He left/went away speaking in Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.c. &lt;em&gt;El español &lt;strong&gt;se fue transmitiendo&lt;/strong&gt; de generación en generación, de padres a hijos.&lt;/em&gt; (Spanish &lt;strong&gt;was gradually transmitted / gradually came down&lt;/strong&gt; from one generation to another, from parents to children.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;fue transmitido&quot; would be used to mean &quot;was transmitted&quot;, without any gradualness. &quot;se fue transmitiendo&quot; is passive (because of &quot;se&quot;, not because of &quot;fue&quot;) and, because of its use of &quot;ir + V-ando/endo&quot;, it expresses a gradual process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*&quot;se fue transmitido&quot; is grammatically wrong because it combines two passives, the one with &quot;se&quot; and the conventional passive with &quot;ser&quot; + participle, and this is not correct. You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español &lt;strong&gt;se transmitió&lt;/strong&gt; de generación en generación, de padres a hijos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español &lt;strong&gt;fue transmitido&lt;/strong&gt; de generación en generación, de padres a hijos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but NOT:&#xA;* El español &lt;strong&gt;SE FUE transmitido&lt;/strong&gt; de generación en generación, de padres a hijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the other structure you propose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español se estaba transmitiendo de generación en generación...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could be used as passive (because of &quot;se&quot;) in the past progressive (because of &quot;estaba + V-ando/endo&quot;), but some other clause or an adverbial indicating duration would be required to complete the sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español se estaba transmitiendo de generación en generación &lt;strong&gt;cuando, en algún momento, dejó de enseñarse.&lt;/strong&gt; (Spanish was being transmitted from one generation to another when, at some time, it ceased to be taught.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español se estaba transmitiendo de generación en generación &lt;strong&gt;en aquellos tiempos.&lt;/strong&gt; (Spanish was being transmitted from one generation to another in those days.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps. If not, please come back to us so we can clarify further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T12:16:47.527" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T12:16:47.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-15T14:51:35.683" Score="5" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;All other languages I know use a singular word for &quot;day&quot; or &quot;morning&quot; in such a greeting. The English say &quot;good morning&quot;, the French &quot;bonjour&quot;, the Portuguese &quot;bom dia&quot;, Germans say &quot;guten Tag&quot; and Italians &quot;buongiorno&quot;.  Why is it that the Spanish greeting &quot;buenos días&quot; is in the plural form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13886" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T21:14:10.240" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T15:35:11.177" Title="Why is it that the morning greeting &quot;buenos dias&quot; is used in the plural?" Tags="&lt;saludos&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-18T09:48:46.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2017-10-15T22:12:02.533" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque se la llama habitualmente &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt;, esta preposición se usa no sólo cuando el objeto directo es una persona, sino en la mayoría de los casos en que se trata de un ser animado, sea real o imaginario, o a un objeto que está siendo personificado o tratado como un ente animado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los ejemplos que das son de seres animados ficticios o imaginarios (un vampiro es imaginario y aunque no está vivo, es animado, porque se mueve, actúa, habla, se alimenta, etc., como una persona o un animal; R2D2 es una máquina, pero es animado porque se lo muestra en la ficción como un ser con inteligencia, que habla y se mueve con intención; y así con los demás). Por lo tanto, en todos es correcto usar la &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería también correcto usar &lt;em&gt;a personal&lt;/em&gt; con los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la momia de Imhotep en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120616/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Mummy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el alienígena de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083866/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;E.T.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el organismo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051418/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Blob&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el organismo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0084787/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Thing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... incluso aunque estos dos últimos no sean en absoluto antropomorfos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las plantas no se consideran normalmente seres animados, pero algunas personas pueden decir &lt;em&gt;abrazar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; un árbol&lt;/em&gt; si quieren enfatizar que el árbol es una criatura viva semejante a nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco diríamos que &lt;em&gt;el mundo&lt;/em&gt; es un ser animado, pero la expresión &lt;em&gt;abrazar al mundo&lt;/em&gt; existe, por ejemplo, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.los-poetas.com/e/pizarnik1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un poema de A. Pizarnik&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:28:51.120" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:28:51.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22718" CreationDate="2017-10-16T02:20:51.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe un tipo de plural llamado &quot;plural expresivo&quot;. Este es un plural que no denota cantidad, sino intensidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejo un link que me parecio interesante y completo con la explicacion: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Buenos%20d%C3%ADas-buenas%20tardes-noches.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Buenos%20días-buenas%20tardes-noches.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12537" LastEditorUserId="12537" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T15:35:11.177" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T15:35:11.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22716" CreationDate="2017-10-16T05:16:36.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando salí de la casa, fui andando sin rumbo fijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fui andando&quot; is an expressive, stylistic choice.  I chose to stretch out my verb with extra syllables, to convey more evocatively the wandering nature of my walking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las canciones tradicionales se trasmiten de generación en generación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a precise statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las canciones tradicionales se van trasmitiendo de generación en generación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is more evocative of a gradual process.  Here, again, I am stretching things out, in order to convey a feeling of perpetual, gradual motion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that the &quot;se&quot; makes the verb passive.  If someone is getting dress slowly, dragging it out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El niño se fue desvistiendo lo más lento posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; reflexive in this case.  But the analysis is the same idea as above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is rather subtle and I'm not sure one would find this in a Spanish textbook.  Great question!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T01:36:50.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T01:36:50.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22711" CreationDate="2017-10-16T05:46:11.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.sensagent.com/mames/es-es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://diccionario.sensagent.com/mames/es-es/&lt;/a&gt; encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mamar v intr (Se conjuga como amar) I 1 Chupar la cría con la boca la leche de su madre 2 Dar de mamar Amamantar a la cría una hembra 3 tr Adquirir una persona desde su muy temprana infancia cierta educación, ciertos hábitos, ciertas cualidades: mamar el gusto por la música, mamar el gusto por la política II (Groser) 1 Emborracharse una persona 2 Chupar con la boca los órganos genitales de una persona: mamar la verga, mamar la panocha 3 No mamar No decir o hacer cosas imprudentes o absurdas: «No mames, pinche Héctor, estás diciendo mentiras», «No mamen ¿cómo van a construir un muro de metal de 3000 km de largo?».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sinónimos: beber, chupar, embeber, fregar, huevear, joder, molestar, potar, sorber, tomar, tomarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de FGSUZ no es la única.  Para entender la acepción relacionada con la leche materna, imagina que eres el hermano mayor del nenito que se cae, llora, y quiere calmarse con lechita de Mamá, entonces quizás dirías, &amp;quot;Ay, no mames,&amp;quot; es decir, &amp;quot;No te portes como bebé, aguántatelo.&amp;quot;  De ahí los sinónimos &lt;em&gt;fregar, joder, molestar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre que alguien percibe algo fuertísimo, súbito e increíble, va a expresar su incredulidad con algo corto y fuerte, por ejemplo, en inglés, &amp;quot;Fuck this [shit]&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;God damn it&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Jesus H. Christ&amp;quot; se pueden usar para expresar &amp;quot;No puedo creer que esta cosa tan horrible me esté pasando.&amp;quot;  &lt;strong&gt;Tiene que ser una expresión corta&lt;/strong&gt; para satisfacer esta necesidad.  &amp;quot;Is this for real?&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;You've got to be kidding&amp;quot; funcionarían en general pero creo que son demasiadas sílabas para un gran temblor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro sitio que corrobora la idea &amp;quot;no te portes como bebé&amp;quot; [&lt;a href=&quot;https://culturacolectiva.com/historia/chido-orale-wey-y-el-origen-de-las-palabras-favoritas-de-los-mexicanos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Directamente de las calles del Distrito Federal, significaba que no actuaran como un bebé. Al principio a esta expresión le seguía una que decía “no mamo, tomo chichi con popote”. Televisa popularizó la frase con un pequeño cambio, en lugar de decir no mames comenzaron a decir no manches para apelar a las clases bajas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos de Flxtr son buenísimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T22:21:11.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2017-10-16T07:52:09.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ya tienes dos respuestas válidas, me voy a permitir citar el artículo del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas correspondiente a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=a#11&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;preposición &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, donde se listan los casos donde se &lt;em&gt;debe&lt;/em&gt;, donde se &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt;, y donde &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; se debe usar antes del objeto/complemento directo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copio solamente los casos en que es obligatorio usarlo u omitirlo; los casos en que son válidas ambas opciones, así como los ejemplos (que he quitado para ahorrar espacio), los puedes consultar en el propio artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1. Uso forzoso:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres propios de persona o de animal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres colectivos de persona cuyo referente es determinado o consabido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres comunes de persona cuyo referente es un individuo concreto, y no uno cualquiera entre varios posibles.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;d)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres comunes de persona que, aun siendo inespecíficos o no consabidos, son complemento directo de verbos que suponen afectación física o psíquica (&lt;em&gt;acompañar, admirar, afectar, alabar, amar, empujar, engañar, golpear, maltratar, matar, odiar, perjudicar, saludar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;e)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres comunes de persona precedidos de un indefinido, cuando son complemento directo de verbos de percepción como &lt;em&gt;mirar, observar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt;. (Con otros verbos de percepción como &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt;, puede aparecer o no la preposición; → 1.2b).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;f)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante las formas tónicas de los pronombres personales &lt;em&gt;mí, ti, sí, él, ella, usted, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ustedes, ellos/as&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;g)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante pronombres demostrativos o posesivos cuyo referente es una persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;h)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante los pronombres indefinidos cuyo referente es una persona (&lt;em&gt;alguien, alguno, nadie, ninguno, todos, uno&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), salvo cuando funcionan como complemento directo del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; (→ 1.3e).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;i)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante los relativos de persona &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la que&lt;/em&gt; y sus plurales, cuando ejercen la función de complemento directo del verbo subordinado. A diferencia de &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;, el relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, cuando tiene antecedente de persona y se usa sin artículo, nunca lleva preposición en función de complemento directo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;j)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante el pronombre interrogativo de persona &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt;, y ante el pronombre interrogativo &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; referido a persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;k)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres de cosa, para evitar ambigüedades, cuando el sujeto y el complemento van pospuestos al verbo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;l)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres de cosa, cuando son complemento directo de verbos que significan orden lineal o jerárquico, como &lt;em&gt;preceder&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt;, y otros como &lt;em&gt;acompañar, complementar, modificar&lt;/em&gt; (en el sentido gramatical de ‘servir de adjunto o complemento’) o &lt;em&gt;sustituir&lt;/em&gt; (en el sentido de ‘ocupar el puesto [de otra cosa]’).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;m)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres de cosa que designan colectivos formados por personas, del tipo &lt;em&gt;colegio, empresa, comité, consejo, institución, comunidad&lt;/em&gt;, etc., cuando el verbo denota una acción que solo puede ejercerse sobre personas, y no sobre cosas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.3. No se usa&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres comunes que designan objetos inanimados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres comunes de persona en plural que carecen de determinante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres propios de países o ciudades. Pero si estos nombres denotan no una realidad meramente geográfica, sino el conjunto de sus ciudadanos, se admite la preposición.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;d)&lt;/strong&gt; Ante nombres propios usados como comunes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;e)&lt;/strong&gt; Con el verbo impersonal &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, el complemento directo, aun denotando persona, se construye sin preposición.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;f)&lt;/strong&gt; Con el verbo &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, el complemento directo de persona, si es indeterminado, se construye sin preposición; pero si va acompañado de un adjetivo en función de complemento predicativo que denota estados transitorios, se construye con preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T07:52:09.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22737" CreationDate="2017-10-16T07:53:46.277" Score="3" ViewCount="351" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, en el idioma español tenemos esta curiosa expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0VULIX#AsY1OH5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haber gato encerrado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Haber causa o razón oculta o secreta, o manejos ocultos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión, además de tener ya más de dos siglos a sus espaldas, ha cruzado el charco puesto que el primer caso del CORDE es de Perú (y en España también se usa):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues aquí hai gato encerrado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por que sin duda...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pablo de Olavide y Jáuregui, &quot;El celoso burlado. Zarzuela en un acto&quot;, 1764 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un caso anterior, pero no tengo claro de que haga alusión a este modismo. Para España encuentro en el mismo siglo este caso en la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabe Vm. lo que yo digo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que este Señor Alemano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  debe de ser un bendito,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pues no vio el gato encerrado.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correo de Madrid (ó de los ciegos). 25/3/1789, n.º 244, página 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, en el DLE no entró hasta la edición de 1884. La pregunta es, ¿cómo se originó la expresión? ¿Qué tienen que ver los gatos encerrados con que haya causas o razones ocultas? ¿Tendrá algo que ver con la acepción de &quot;gato&quot; como &quot;ladrón, ratero que hurta con astucia y engaño&quot; o como &quot;hombre sagaz, astuto&quot;, más que con el animal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T08:44:54.483" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:19:44.923" Title="¿Cómo se originó la expresión &quot;aquí hay gato encerrado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22742" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:02:35.967" Score="3" ViewCount="1228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encuentro leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003764719&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una composición&lt;/a&gt; con estructura de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WdT7nIL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;romance&lt;/a&gt;, y veo que las vocales que se han escogido para la rima asonante son &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, usando para la rima palabras llanas: &lt;em&gt;fandango, planos, llorado, amo, abro, simplonazo, caso&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Sin embargo, en un momento dado intercala en dicha rima asonante la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MHVnpdj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jácaro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que las palabras esdrújulas restan una unidad al número de sílabas del verso, pero ignoro cómo se tratan cuando intervienen en una rima asonante. Pensaba que las rimas asonantes, si se escogen dos vocales para la rima, debían ser siempre compuestas por palabras llanas. Pero veo que no, aunque me resulta raro que las vocales usadas de la palabra esdrújula (&lt;em&gt;jácaro&lt;/em&gt;) sean la primera (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;) y la tercera (&lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;). Pensaba que las vocales que intervendrían serían la acentuada y la siguiente (en ese caso, serían dos &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿puede una palabra llana rimar de forma asonante con una esdrújula? Si es así, ¿cuáles son las reglas para que se considere efectiva dicha rima?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T10:29:29.583" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T19:47:02.940" Title="¿Se puede rimar de forma asonante una palabra llana con una esdrújula?" Tags="&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22771" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:27:25.487" Score="3" ViewCount="1501" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every time I've heard the expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡&lt;strong&gt;Epa&lt;/strong&gt;!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, I've taken it to be just some kind of greeting or expressive word, similar to &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Hola!&quot;, &quot;¡Venga!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and equivalent to English expressions like &quot;Hey!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen it being used by people from northern Spain and Latin America, and even some friends of mine use it regularly as just a greeting (or so I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, while listening to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Rodr%C3%ADguez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Silvio Rodríguez&lt;/a&gt; the other day, I noticed that he uses &quot;&lt;strong&gt;epa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; here and there in his political songs, and I know that he is a well-known left-leaning figure. And while pondering on what that meant, I realized that my aforementioned friends who use this word are also left-leaning. So I wondered if maybe &quot;epa&quot; was some kind of &quot;inside word&quot; or had any kind of political connotation (like, say, &quot;camarada&quot;). Maybe it was used during some uprising (there were many in LATAM throughout the last century) and now it carries that baggage -- I don't really know, but I'd like to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DLE says nothing about political connotation, just that it is used as an encouragement word in some LATAM countries (leaving out Spain, which I find weird because it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; used in Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=epa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;epa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. &lt;em&gt;Bol., Chile, El Salv., Méx. y Perú&lt;/em&gt;. U. para animar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. &lt;em&gt;Bol., Méx. y Perú&lt;/em&gt;. U. para detener o avisar de algún peligro.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. &lt;em&gt;Bol., Méx. y Ven&lt;/em&gt;. hola.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, back to the question: &lt;strong&gt;does the word &quot;epa&quot; have some kind of political connotation? Should it be avoided by people trying to speak &quot;neutral&quot; Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;PLEASE NOTE: This question is NOT about politics. It is about the historic and current use of a very specific word. Please avoid making political statements in answers or comments, thanks.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T07:40:21.140" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:08:18.287" Title="Does the expression &quot;¡Epa!&quot; have any kind of political connotation?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;connotaciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22729" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22738" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:54:08.087" Score="14" ViewCount="1496" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, English names are usually pronounced following English rules. E.g. we pronounce &quot;Peter&quot; as &quot;&lt;em&gt;piter&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (that's to be read in plain Spanish, i.e. &quot;pee-ter&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, some tech-related words like programming language names (and especially acronyms) are pronounced following Spanish rules by a significant percentage of Spanish-speaking people. Examples (based on my own experience):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C#: some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;ce sarp&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;ce sostenido&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;ce almohadilla&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python: some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;piton&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;paiton&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, some say &quot;&lt;em&gt;paizon&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSON: some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;yeison&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;jota son&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java: some people say &quot;&lt;em&gt;java&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Well, everybody I know, actually.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I guess that there might be a rule about how to pronounce these names. BUT, I'm of the opinion that there's no point in speaking in a way that makes it &lt;em&gt;harder&lt;/em&gt; for others to understand me. And I'm pretty sure that many many people would need a second take if I said that I worked with &quot;yava&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;how should I pronounce foreign technical words in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;? Should I pronounce it following the rules of the original language, should I use Spanish pronunciation, or something in between?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T13:43:00.167" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T21:47:35.867" Title="How should I pronounce programming language names (like &quot;Java&quot;) and technical terms (like &quot;JSON&quot;) in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19051" CreationDate="2017-10-16T10:20:57.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cierto que las tablas definen un empate pero su esencia es un acuerdo. El ajedrez es un juego en el que prima la elegancia entre jugadores. El jaque mate sentencia a uno de los reyes pero tal sentencia nunca se ejecuta. Por ello, es recomendable entender el jaque como amenaza y el jaque mate como amenaza final o ultima amenaza, en lugar de como rey muerto, puesto que tal cosa en el juego no llega a suceder. Sobrevive el rey rendido como gesto de postramiento ante la superioridad rival, una especie de reverencia formal de uno de los jugadores ante el otro tumbando el rey vencido. Mi hipótesis es que tablas podría tener su origen en intercambio de documentos de acuerdo o quizás obsequios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17894" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T10:20:57.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22731" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22736" CreationDate="2017-10-16T11:26:51.197" Score="6" ViewCount="4687" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía hace poco en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/zonacritica/Puigdemont-da-marcha_6_694390590.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde que el jefe del Estado &lt;strong&gt;habló por boca de ganso&lt;/strong&gt; el lunes pasado, Puigdemont debe de saber que esta vez va en serio, que todo eso, o algo parecido, puede ocurrir o, mejor, ocurrirá si hace la DUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que se refiere a que una persona (en este caso &lt;em&gt;el jefe del Estado&lt;/em&gt;, es decir el rey de España) dijo algo que otro ya había dicho en el pasado. Parece, pues, que está diciendo que dos personas de poder ya han dicho lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, explica el DLE en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5i6aRwS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;boca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hablar alguien por boca de ganso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locución verbal coloquial Decir lo que otro le ha sugerido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no entra en más explicaciones. ¿Alguien lo usa? ¿Conocéis su origen? ¿Se usa en otros lugares que no sea España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T11:44:26.597" LastActivityDate="2019-10-15T20:45:06.910" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;hablar por boca de ganso&quot;? ¿Cuál es su origen?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22739" CreationDate="2017-10-16T12:29:57.230" Score="4" ViewCount="1306" Body="&lt;p&gt;While reading an article in El País online about the book collection of Lluís Companys available &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2017/10/13/actualidad/1507918123_847144.html#?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=guid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; I came across a phrase which surprised me. He was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fusilado por Franco en 1940, un día como hoy de hace 77 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article was published on 15 October 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This surprised me as I would have thought &lt;em&gt;hoy, hace 77 años&lt;/em&gt; would have been the natural way to say it. Is this a literary style or am I wrong about the usual way of saying it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T17:03:41.210" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T08:57:52.093" Title="Saying &quot;X years ago today&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22732" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:11:00.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hoy hace 77 años que fue fusilado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; would be OK, but &lt;em&gt;&quot;Fue fusilado hoy, hace 77 años&quot;&lt;/em&gt; would be a confusing way to say it, because the first thing you read is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Fue fusilado hoy&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and, even though later you say &lt;em&gt;&quot;hace 77 años&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, it might force the reader to double check what they just read.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Fue fusilado hace hoy 77 años&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is clearer and the form I'm used to read in cases like this one.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get some CORDE and CREA results to back this up, but I'm having trouble getting it to search for &quot;hoy hace&quot; and &quot;años&quot; with unspecified words in between... so feel free to google &lt;code&gt;&quot;hace hoy&quot; * años&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;&quot;hoy, hace&quot; * años&lt;/code&gt;: you will notice that the former is commonly used like that, but the latter is used mostly as a heading (&lt;em&gt;&quot;Hoy hace * años que ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;) and very rarely in the form you proposed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But yeah, going back to your question: saying &lt;em&gt;&quot;un día como hoy de hace 77 años&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is totally a matter of style, and definitely not the most common way to say it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:11:00.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22732" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:11:52.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree that &amp;quot;hoy, hace 77 años&amp;quot; would be a more appropriate form of saying it, since &lt;code&gt;hoy&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;today&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;En el tiempo presente&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Hoy las ciencias adelantan cada vez más; La sociedad de hoy&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KiRLAuG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; ). I would have favored&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hace exactamente 77 years ago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro 15 de octubre, hace 77 años&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &amp;quot;un día como hoy&amp;quot; you could mean &amp;quot;lluvioso&amp;quot; as well as &amp;quot;October 15&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;quot;. That &amp;quot;hoy&amp;quot; can mean multiple things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you were to say &amp;quot;Hoy, hace X tiempo&amp;quot; you have some sort of &amp;quot;time paradox&amp;quot;. It is today or X time ago? I definitely favor &amp;quot;un día como hoy de hace 77 años&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;hoy hace 77 años&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:11:52.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22731" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:16:59.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.revistaelabasto.com.ar/99_zimmerman.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este artículo&lt;/a&gt; argentino dice que la expresión &quot;hablar por boca de ganso&quot; tiene origen en la pluma del ganso que estudiantes usaron en el pasado para escribir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El buen alumno era el que repetía dócilmente lo que su ganso afirmaba. Con el tiempo, el sentido de la frase cambió ligeramente. “Hablar por boca de ganso” equivale a repetir algo de cuya constancia se carece. Quien así habla suele hacerlo con pedantería, respaldándose en el conocimiento de algún otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.revistaelabasto.com.ar/99_zimmerman.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Revista El Abasto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13544" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:16:59.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22731" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:17:56.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues antigua es, ya que aparece en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablar por &lt;em&gt;boca&lt;/em&gt; de ganso. Es hablar lo que otro le sugiére para que lo diga, apuntandoselo, ò enseñandoselo à este fin en secréto, ò antes, para que esté prevenido quando llegue el caso de hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE se encuentran algunos casos, algunos muy explicativos como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya sabemos que mamá no habla más que por boca de ganso; lo que tú le mandas decir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Elena Soriano, &quot;Caza menor&quot;, 1951 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los casos más antiguos son los de Francisco de Quevedo, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vino en paga, y vino bien;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que tiene muchas quejosas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y al Tonante sin dinero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  le llamaran Pocarropa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Habló por boca de ganso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a Leda, y con la tramoya&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de plumas blancas y pico,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dios avechucho, engañóla.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;Poesías&quot;, 1597-1645 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si volvemos, pues, a tu ejemplo, lo que dice el artículo no es que el jefe del Estado haya dicho lo que otro antes, sino lo que otro le ha preparado que diga. Como si dicha persona fuese una simple marioneta a la que otro le mueve la boca y le pone voz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, particularmente, nunca había oído la expresión antes, ni siquiera la conocía. Por lo que no te puedo decir si es muy usada. Sí te puedo decir que los casos del CORDE son todos de España (22) menos uno que es de Argentina, lo cual no es prueba de que se conozca en Hispanoamérica, al menos de forma generalizada. La estadística es la misma para el CREA (6 casos en España y 1 en Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de su origen, no estoy muy seguro pero he comprobado que en siglo XVI se usaba la denominación &lt;em&gt;ganso&lt;/em&gt; para los malos poetas, así como &lt;em&gt;cisne&lt;/em&gt; se usaba para los buenos. Así, Covarrubias nos dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ser el claromoso y de voz aspera y desagradable a los oydos, es simbolo del mal Poeta, como el cisne del bueno [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, encontramos este ejemplo en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] pues juzgan con tan rústicos oídos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que lo escuchan por cisne, siendo ganso,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  i por canto sonoro sus graznidos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bartolomé Leonardo de Argensola, &quot;Rimas&quot;, 1592-a1631 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego mi teoría es que el dicho alude a que a los malos poetas les debían de componer los versos otros poetas mejores, muy al estilo de lo que hace Cyrano de Bergerac con Christian de Neuvilette cuando éste habla por boca de ganso a Roxane, usando los versos de aquel, para poder conquistarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:17:56.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22726" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:19:44.923" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues aquí, y una vez más, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; nos lo resuelve en su blog. De &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-aqui-hay-gato-encerrado/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión ‘aquí hay gato encerrado’?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para encontrar el origen de esta expresión debemos trasladarnos hasta los siglos XVI y XVII (también conocida esa época como Siglo de Oro) en el que se puso de moda llamar gato a la bolsa o talego en el que se guardaba el dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era habitual llevar alguno de estos ‘gatos’ con sus respetivas monedas escondido entre las ropas  o guardado a buen recaudo en algún lugar de la casa, como remedio a los posibles hurtos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La víctima que estaba en el punto de mira de los rateros era observado para ver si tenía dinero y donde lo llevaba, por lo que la consigna que se daban entre sí, los amigos de lo ajeno, era diciendo que había allí había ‘gato encerrado’ o, lo que es lo mismo, una bolsa con dinero guardado y/o escondido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que la expresión aparezca a partir de 1884, pues como indica más arriba se popularizó en el Siglo de Oro. ¿Será porque pasó de sectores &lt;em&gt;gangsteriles&lt;/em&gt; a populares poco a poco &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22104/1674&quot;&gt;como en otros casos&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; para nombrar a esta forma, en el blog sigue con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no se sabe con total seguridad es el porqué a este tipo de monederos se les dio el nombre de gato, habiendo quien indica que la razón era porque, originariamente, se confeccionaban con la piel de estos felinos y otros señalan que era el nombre coloquial utilizado en aquella época para llamar a los rateros que hurtaban con astucia y engaño (la RAE así lo recoge), puesto que estos ladrones tenían una habilidad que recordaba al comportamiento de los felinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T13:19:44.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22729" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:32:03.207" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; describes several possible approaches of pronouncing and spelling terms imported from another language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mantenimiento de la grafía original, pero con pronunciación a la española y acentuación gráfica según las reglas del español. [Por ejemplo] para el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;airbag&lt;/em&gt; (pronunciado en inglés [érbag]) se propone la pronunciación [airbág], o para &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt;, la grafía con tilde &lt;em&gt;máster&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; (2.2.a) Se escribe en letra redonda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, leave the spelling as is, and don't use italics or quotation marks, and pronounce the word according to the phonetical rules of Spanish.  (Note, &amp;quot;airbag&amp;quot; does not sound the same as &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;érbag&lt;/em&gt; would.&amp;quot;  Also note, it looks rather as though the RAE wrote a tilde in the word in brackets, &lt;em&gt;airbág&lt;/em&gt;, even though it wasn't needed, to make things extra clear.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mantenimiento de la pronunciación original, pero adaptando la forma extranjera al sistema gráfico del español. Así, para el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;paddle&lt;/em&gt; se propone la adaptación &lt;em&gt;pádel&lt;/em&gt;, y para el galicismo &lt;em&gt;choucroute&lt;/em&gt;, la grafía adaptada &lt;em&gt;chucrut&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; (2.2.b)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, adapt the English pronunciation as closely as is possible for the non-bilingual speaker, and adjust the way the word is written, to fit with the Spanish-style pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mantenimiento de la grafía y pronunciación originarias. Se trata de extranjerismos asentados en el uso internacional en su forma original, como &lt;em&gt;ballet, blues, jazz&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso se advierte de su condición de extranjerismos crudos y de la obligación de escribirlos con resalte tipográfico (cursiva o comillas) para señalar su carácter ajeno a la ortografía del español, hecho que explica que &lt;strong&gt;su pronunciación no se corresponda con su forma escrita.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (2.1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, leave the original spelling, and respect the original pronunciation as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The industry develops terms faster than RAE (or speakers) can keep pace with in making adaptations. So for IT terms you often end up using a variety of approaches, depending on how familiar Spanish speakers are with the term or its English pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that people in the software industry don't consistently follow one particular rule. Note, I have never heard anyone call a while loop a &amp;quot;bucle &lt;em&gt;güile&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, nor have I seen anyone write &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;procidur&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line, if you don't see a word marked with italics or quotes (as in #3), you're probably best off pronouncing it &amp;quot;a la española,&amp;quot; as in #1, but with perhaps some adjustment, e.g.: &amp;quot;interface&amp;quot; becomes &lt;em&gt;interfaz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The above answer is written assuming you are living in a Spanish-speaking country.  If you are a Spanish speaker, living in an English speaking country, talking with other Spanish speakers, things can get even more complicated.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T21:47:35.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22732" CreationDate="2017-10-16T16:19:16.867" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the other answers, your choice of just &quot;hoy, hace 77 años&quot; is incorrect. What the other answers have not said is that the proper way to say this in Spanish (and by that I mean RAE's accepted way) is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1#G4qo1rg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tal día como hoy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. En la misma fecha, pero de otro año, del día en que se habla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation of the definition: &quot;In the same date, but from another year, as the stated date&quot;. So, your original sentence should have been like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...fusilado por Franco en 1940, &lt;strong&gt;tal día como hoy&lt;/strong&gt; hace 77 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &quot;un día como hoy&quot; I may understand that the day was like today (the same weather). But with the &quot;tal día como hoy&quot; locution, there is no doubt. See the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Mañana —repuso la abuela— es día de Todos Santos. Seguramente no saldrá a pescar el tío Pedro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pues bien —dijo la chiquilla—, será pasado mañana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Tampoco se pesca el día de los Difuntos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Y por qué? —preguntó la niña.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Porque sería profanar un día que la Iglesia consagra a las ánimas benditas. La prueba es que unos pescadores que fueron a pescar tal día como pasado mañana, cuando fueron a sacar las redes se alegraron al sentir que pesaban mucho, pero en lugar de pescado no había dentro más que calaveras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fernán Caballero (Cecilia Böhl de Faber), &quot;La gaviota&quot;, 1849 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example you can clearly see that the expression &quot;tal día como&quot; is used to say that in that same date (&lt;em&gt;día de Difuntos&lt;/em&gt;) but long ago something worth of mention happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also worth mentioning that this is a very old expression indeed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E quanto duró la dicha çibdad de Cartago, sienpre la honraron e tobieron por deesa, creyendo que la su santidad los ayudaba en todas sus cosas, e fazíanle en cada año honra en tal día como ella [la reina Elisa Dido] murió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lope García de Salazar, &quot;Istoria de las bienandanzas e fortunas&quot;, 1471-1476 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression is now used to say that every year in the same date the queen's death was honored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T16:52:01.233" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T16:52:01.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22740" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-16T17:30:21.630" Score="5" ViewCount="899" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues precisamente para preguntar por la expresión «a santo de qué». En el DLE la entrada de santo &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; ofrece la locución con su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XGGB4k6#BLTFvjf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a qué santo,&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;a santo de qué&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. Con qué motivo, a fin de qué, con qué pretexto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que la expresión «a qué santo» no lo había oído nunca y la construcción tiene más sentido y si la sustituyo en el título de mi pregunta obtengo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué santo hago esta pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase me parece más coherente pero sigo sin ver una relación clara con el significado de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí además la expresión tiene un matiz como de enfado o hartazgo muchas veces: &lt;em&gt;¡A santo de qué me cuentas eso!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión?, y ¿qué tiene que ver con los santos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T08:29:08.577" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T08:32:39.590" Title="¿A santo de qué hago esta pregunta?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22741" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-16T18:11:29.593" Score="2" ViewCount="2211" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente he leído la siguiente frase (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/futbol/champions-league/2017/10/16/59e4a7aa46163f00328b45dc.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El entrenador del Manchester City admite &lt;strong&gt;que fuera&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;estúpido&quot;&#xA;  esperar un encuentro fácil contra el Nápoles en Champions League&#xA;  mañana en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un primer momento, me ha parecido que lo correcto sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El entrenador del Manchester City admite &lt;strong&gt;que sería&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;estúpido&quot;&#xA;  esperar un encuentro fácil contra el Nápoles en Champions League&#xA;  mañana en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas es correcta? Si ambas lo son, ¿hay alguna diferencia de significado entre ellas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5410" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T19:22:24.387" Title="&quot;admite que fuera&quot; vs &quot;admite que sería&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22727" CreationDate="2017-10-16T19:18:30.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí puede rimar una palabra esdrújula con una llana, es un tipo de rima parcial, llamada «rima de  perceptibilidad degradada». He encontrado en varias páginas el mismo texto, no sé cuál será la fuente original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La rima parcial, por su timbre, se califica de perceptibilidad degradada, en los siguientes casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando rima una palabra grave con una esdrújula, la rima se produce entre la vocal tónica y la final de ambas palabras, quedando sin rimar la vocal intermedia de la palabra esdrújula.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arriba a ti la voz de sus discípulos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;rogando por Jesús, que les revela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;su muerte, su cercano sacrificio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;para acatar la ley de las estrellas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;discípulos&lt;/em&gt;, esdrújula, rima con &lt;em&gt;sacrificio&lt;/em&gt;. La rima es &quot;i-o&quot;, la vocal intermedia de las sílabas postónicas de la palabra esdrújula no influye en la rima asonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T19:47:02.940" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T19:47:02.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22752" CreationDate="2017-10-16T23:44:12.330" Score="5" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finished the game has. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22752/13628&quot;&gt;The winner Charlie is&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is a fragment from the book &lt;em&gt;The Neverending Story&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Ende.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In it, Atreyu, one of the main characters, gets advice about the power of AURYN (a magical medallion); and about how said power relates to the power of the Childlike Empress, the little girl who also happens to be the ruler of the whole world of Fantastica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AURYN gives you great power … but you must not make use of it. For the Childlike Empress herself never makes use of her power. AURYN will protect you and guide you, but whatever comes your way you must never interfere, because from this moment on your own opinion ceases to count. For that same reason you must go unarmed. You must let what happens happen. Everything must be equal in your eyes, good and evil, beautiful and ugly, foolish and wise, just as it is in the eyes of the Childlike Empress. You may only search and inquire, never judge. Always remember that, Atreyu!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(455 letters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, non-golfed, translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; AURYN te da un gran poder... pero no debes hacer uso del mismo. Porque la propia Emperatriz Infantil nunca hace uso de su poder. AURYN te protegerá y te guiará, pero ante lo que sea que te encuentres en tu camino nunca debes interferir, porque desde este mismo momento tu opinión deja de importar. Por esa misma razón debes ir desarmado. Debes dejar que ocurra lo que sea que ocurra. Todo debe ser igual a tus ojos, bueno y malvado, bello y feo, insensato y sabio, tal como lo es a ojos de la Emperatriz Infantil. Solo has de buscar y preguntar, nunca juzgar. ¡Recuerda siempre eso, Atreyu!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(463 letters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T21:47:46.057" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T21:47:46.057" Title="Translation Golf XXII - The Neverending Story" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-17T01:08:49.610" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-17T01:36:06.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;334 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Auryn da un gran poder que no debes usar. Ni la Emperatriz Infantil lo hace. Auryn guía y protege, pero no interfieras en lo que los hados te traen, pues tu opinión no importa, y deja que las cosas sucedan. Por eso has de ir desarmado. Todo debe ser igual a tus ojos, bueno y malvado, bello y feo, insensato y sabio, tal como lo es a ojos de la Emperatriz Infantil. Busca y pregunta, mas nunca juzgues. ¡Recuérdalo siempre, Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T09:35:41.993" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-17T01:36:06.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22746" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T02:51:54.460" Score="3" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;En algunas otras preguntas (y respuestas) como en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21106/5481&quot;&gt;¿Qué palabras existen en español que tengan acepciones positivas en femenino y negativas en masculino?&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18361/5481&quot;&gt;Why is “pasarlo teta” (“spend it boob”) a good thing in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt; hemos destacado que el castellano tiene a veces connotaciones muy distintas para ciertos términos o expresiones dependiendo  del género de las palabras, con una fuerte inclinación positiva hacia las versiones masculinas de las palabras y negativa para las contrapartidas femeninas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un compañero de clase me dijo una vez que la expresión &amp;quot;hacer &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; a alguien&amp;quot; es positiva. Es algo bueno porque ser padre (tener un hijo) es algo bueno. Sin embargo para esta persona &amp;quot;hacer &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; a alguien&amp;quot; era algo malo. Cuando le pregunté el porqué me dijo que &amp;quot;hacer madre&amp;quot; es sinónimo &amp;quot;de que te joden&amp;quot; y jugaba con esa doble acepción de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MVjNCIs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;joder&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; para el acto sexual y para molestar, fastidiar, estropear, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, si una madre tiene un hijo es que la han &amp;quot;jodido&amp;quot;, mientras que a un padre no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta persona decía cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(buscando sitio para aparcar otro coche deja un hueco) Mira, ese se marcha. Me acaba de hacer padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos temas no me los he mirado par el examen. Como caiga una pregunta sobre ellos me van a hacer madre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que no aplicaba la expresión en base al género del hablante o del aludido, sino a si la situación era favorable o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar casi nada al respecto de las locuciones &amp;quot;hacer padre&amp;quot;/&amp;quot;hacer madre&amp;quot;. ¿Hay algo de cierto en el uso de esas expresiones con esas connotaciones? ¿Es realmente &amp;quot;hacer padre&amp;quot; algo bueno pero &amp;quot;hacer madre&amp;quot; algo malo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T01:29:49.543" Title="Connotaciones de &quot;hacer padre&quot; frente a &quot;hacer madre&quot; a alguien" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13405" CreationDate="2017-10-17T04:22:52.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a little more complex. My first laguage is Spanish from Mexico and it simply means: &quot;These Damm urges of wanting&quot;.  But no swear words: &quot;malditas&quot; is not a swear word in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17896" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T06:19:26.440" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T06:19:26.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22732" CreationDate="2017-10-17T04:37:54.410" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;... un día como hoy....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a style. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The standard way to use it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...fusilado por Franco en 1940, un día como hoy hace 77 años.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right: a more natural way to said it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hoy, hace 77 años....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14148" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T04:37:54.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22740" CreationDate="2017-10-17T08:32:39.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues mucho me temo que mi suposición inicial pueda ser errónea (como suele pasar cada vez que postulo respuestas a dedo). El caso es que no he podido encontrar un origen claro de la expresión. A lo más que he llegado es que debe de ser una variante de la expresión &lt;em&gt;a cuento de&lt;/em&gt;. Me explico...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;a santo de&quot; aparece repentinamente en textos escritos, más o menos a mediados del siglo XIX. En el CORDE todos los casos son a partir de 1880, aunque en la hemeroteca de la BNE se encuentran casos a partir de 1865, siendo este el primero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Y por qué todo? ¿Y á santo de qué este desenfreno?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Iberia (Madrid. 1854). 30/9/1865, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hace que la expresión sea más moderna de lo que me imaginaba en un principio. En el DLE, de hecho, su inserción fue en la edición de 1927:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A santo de.&lt;/strong&gt; m. adv. Con motivo de, a fin de, con pretexto de.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, esta definición se parece mucho a la de &quot;a cuento de&quot;, expresión que sí que lleva en el DLE desde su primera edición de 1729:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A cuento.&lt;/em&gt; Modo adverbial. Lo mismo que al caso, a propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, esta expresión sí que encuentra en la hemeroteca desde antes que la anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creerás, amado lector, que hablo contigo; pero ¿á cuento de qué, no habiéndome preguntado tú nada?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Minerva o El Revisor general. 1805, página 186.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me falta por averiguar es por qué &quot;a cuento de qué&quot; mutó en &quot;a santo de qué&quot;. Por las fechas, yo diría que se trata de una más de las expresiones que surgieron en Madrid por esa misma época, como hemos visto en otras ocasiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T08:32:39.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22755" CreationDate="2017-10-17T09:11:17.147" Score="8" ViewCount="1376" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the following expression the other day:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=New%20York%20Minute&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;New York Minute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A New York minute is an instant. Or as Johnny Carson once said, it's the interval between a Manhattan traffic light turning green and the guy behind you honking his horn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears to have originated in Texas around 1967. It is a reference to the frenzied and hectic pace of New Yorkers' lives. A New Yorker does in an instant what a Texan would take a minute to do.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;I'll have that ready for you in a New York minute&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this saying really amusing. It is true that people in big cities seem to always be in a hurry, and the above definition made me think of cities like Madrid, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, we could translate &amp;quot;New York minute&amp;quot; as just &lt;em&gt;instante&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;momento&lt;/em&gt;. But, &lt;strong&gt;does Spanish have any saying with similar connotations to those of &amp;quot;New York minute&amp;quot; to express a very brief moment?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:17:36.080" Title="Is there a Spanish version of the saying &quot;a New York minute&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-17T09:13:40.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;326 293 232 209 187&lt;/strike&gt; 159 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poder, escudo y guía AURYN es. ¿Usarlo? Ni la Reina Niña lo usa. Ella todo igual lo ve: bien, mal; bellos, feos; sabios, bobos. Sin armas ve; busca, aborda, no juzgues; lo que sea, será: nada cambies. ¡Recuerda, Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P1uT6m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P1uT6m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Yoda&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=08ht72h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abordar&lt;/a&gt;: Acercarse a alguien para hacerle una pregunta, iniciar un diálogo o tratar algún asunto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el Merriam-Webster, la palabra &quot;childlike&quot; hace referencia a que &quot;parece, sugiere o que es apropiado para un niño&quot;, pero no que lo sea. También propone que se usa para personas &quot;marcadas por la inocencia y la ingenuidad&quot;. Así que cambio &quot;infantil&quot; por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=08ht72h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;niña&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que tiene una acepción que dice &quot;dicho de una persona que no es un niño: que obra con poca reflexión o con ingenuidad&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al final se dice &quot;no juzgues&quot;. &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MfZSHIu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juzgar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; aquí significa &quot;formar opinión sobre algo o alguien&quot; (acepción 3), luego la frase &quot;tu opinión no vale ya&quot; queda redundante y se elimina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T12:36:39.447" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T12:36:39.447" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-17T09:13:40.417" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22756" CreationDate="2017-10-17T09:29:28.603" Score="2" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just* had the following conversation in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;our chat room&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* For a &quot;several days ago&quot; definition of &quot;just&quot;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;— Jejeje, es que lo de &quot;aviarse&quot; no es muy común.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Bueno, en mi tierra [Andalucía] sí. Aquí hay tiendas que se llaman &quot;&lt;strong&gt;desavío&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; por algo :-D&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — ¿Por qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Pues porque son un desavío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — ... pero ¿qué es un desavío? El concepto de avío lo entiendo, pero ¿desavío?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Un desavío es la falta de avío.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so let's check the relevant words in the DLE then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CWr99n9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desavío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Acción y efecto de desaviar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CWlmCHL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaviar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;tr. Apartar a alguien, hacerle dejar, o errar, el camino o senda que debe seguir.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;tr. Quitar o no dar el avío o prevención que se necesita para algo.   &#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4a5NnJb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;avío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;      &#xA;      &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;m. Prevención, apresto.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;m. Entre pastores y gente de campo, provisión que se lleva al hato para alimentarse durante el tiempo que se tarda en volver al pueblo o cortijo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;m. Conveniencia, interés o provecho personal. Ir a su avío. Hacer su avío.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Bol., El Salv., Méx&lt;/em&gt;. y &lt;em&gt;Perú&lt;/em&gt;. Préstamo en dinero o efectos, que se hace a los labradores, ganaderos o mineros.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Utensilios necesarios para algo. Avíos de escribir, de coser, de afeitar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;And&lt;/em&gt;. Trastorno producido a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, on one hand we've got that a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;desavío&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can be defined as &quot;action and effect of taking away something that is necessary or convenient&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;On the other hand, and just in Andalucia (according to the DLE), a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;desavío&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; would be a &quot;disorder caused to somebody&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And on a third hand, we'd have the meaning of &quot;making someone deviate from the path they should follow&quot;, which may not be relevant here, or maybe it is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, maybe I'm a bit dense :D but I still cannot see why a shop would be called a &quot;desavío&quot;. Are the shops causing a disorder? Do they take away what is necessary? How would a shop do that? Are they just distracting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What exactly is a &quot;desavío&quot;, and what would be some examples of using it like in the above conversation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:53:23.097" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:53:23.097" Title="What is a &quot;desavío&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T09:32:34.950" Score="2" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Primera gramática de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, se recoge lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;LOS MODOS de significar los verbos son quatro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Indicativo&lt;/em&gt;, [...].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt;, [...].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Imperativo&lt;/em&gt;, [...].&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Infinitivo&lt;/em&gt;, el que no se ciñe á tiempos, números, ni personas, y necesita otro verbo que determine el sentido, como: conviene &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt;: quiero &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt;. Por esto no debiera contarse el infinitivo entre los modos, pues esta palabra &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt; por si sola no dice quien ama, quando, ni como; pero sin embargo llaman comunmente los gramáticos &lt;em&gt;modo&lt;/em&gt; á esta palabra principal, y raiz de cada verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que ya en la primera gramática se contaba que el &lt;em&gt;infinitivo&lt;/em&gt; no debería ser un modo, pero aun así lo incluyeron como tal por influencia de los gramáticos más eminentes de la época. No sé si será porque lo que se entendía entonces como &lt;em&gt;modo&lt;/em&gt; pueda diferir ligeramente de lo que hoy se entiende como tal. El caso es que hoy se considera que hay tres modos, habiendo perdido definitivamente el &lt;em&gt;infinitivo&lt;/em&gt; tal estatus. Pero, ¿cuándo tuvo lugar definitivamente esta pérdida de estatus del infinitivo como &lt;em&gt;modo&lt;/em&gt; en la gramática de la RAE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T09:32:34.950" Title="¿Cuándo perdió el infinitivo el estatus de &quot;modo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22751" CreationDate="2017-10-17T10:08:19.007" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay infinidad de expresiones así en español, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TDHBi37&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pispás&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XFlsFDX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;santiamén&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ImORZs4#AmzQxCO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;menos que canta un gallo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QyF9sGX#8CaqdXS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un abrir y cerrar de ojos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MRGvkek#81uY8zD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un decir Jesús&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de aquí tenemos composiciones poéticas, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lo que dura un parpadeo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lo que dura un caramelo en la puerta de un colegio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lo que dura una morcilla en la barra de un batzoki (caso real encontrado en el CREA).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O la muy reciente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En cero coma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, entiendo que buscas alguna expresión moderna, o que haga referencia a la vida moderna, de ciudad, de caos y desenfreno. No se me ocurre ninguna popularizada, pero estoy seguro de que se puede crear alguna composición similar a las expresadas anteriormente, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En lo que tarda un taxista en bajar la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4x4P080#RSSzuQg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bandera&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T10:08:19.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22753" CreationDate="2017-10-17T10:24:11.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Igual en la conversación de aquel día no estuve muy afortunado. Las llaman tiendas de &quot;desavío&quot; porque es adonde vas cuando tienes un desavío. Te pongo un ejemplo: supongamos que quieres hacer una tarta un domingo por la mañana, necesitas huevos y ves que no tienes. La falta de huevos es en sí un &lt;em&gt;desavío&lt;/em&gt; (falta de avío, de provisiones). Y lo que te ha causado esa falta de huevos es un &lt;em&gt;desavío&lt;/em&gt; (trastorno) al no poder cumplir tu objetivo de hacer una tarta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las tiendas de desavíos son tiendas que suelen estar abiertas en horarios en los que habitualmente todas las demás tiendas están cerradas, como los sábados por la tarde hasta más tarde de lo que suele ser común, los domingos, etc. Por tanto, podrías ir a un &lt;em&gt;desavío&lt;/em&gt; (tienda para mitigar los &lt;em&gt;desavíos&lt;/em&gt;) a comprar esos huevos que te faltan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T10:24:11.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23007" CreationDate="2017-10-17T11:00:15.050" Score="3" ViewCount="635" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día descubrí que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7cLBurq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se puede usar como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7bcNniL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carnaval&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Buscando ambas palabras en Ngram encuentro su frecuencia de uso desde 1750:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/io4Lb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/io4Lb.png&quot; alt=&quot;Carnaval contra carnestolendas&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según parece, en el siglo XVIII su uso era mayoritario, pero a partir de aproximadamente 1830 la palabra &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; pasó a ser la de uso generalizado, imagino que por su facilidad de pronunciación con respecto a su &quot;adversaria&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensaba que tal vez &lt;em&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/em&gt; fuese una palabra más antigua en español, y &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; una palabra importada que se fue abriendo paso poco a poco en el lenguaje. Encontré que tenía razón a medias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carnaval: Del it. &lt;em&gt;carnevale&lt;/em&gt;, haplología del ant. &lt;em&gt;carnelevare&lt;/em&gt;, de carne 'carne&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;' y &lt;em&gt;levare&lt;/em&gt; 'quitar'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carnestolendas: Del lat. &lt;em&gt;caro, carnis&lt;/em&gt; 'carne&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;' y &lt;em&gt;tollendus&lt;/em&gt;, gerundivo de &lt;em&gt;tollĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'quitar, retirar'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ambas palabras tienen la misma etimología, pero &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; pasó antes por el italiano, mientras que &lt;em&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/em&gt; vino directamente del latín. En lo que me equivocaba era en la antigüedad, dado que en el diccionario español-latín de Nebrija de 1495 ya aparecen ambas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nEnAJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nEnAJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Carnaval y carnes tollendas&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe pensar que una palabra que pasó antes por otro idioma entró más tarde en el idioma español que otra que vino directamente del latín, lo que explicaría que el uso de la segunda antes de 1750 fuera mayoritario. Pero ¿es esto así? ¿Realmente se usaba más &quot;carnestolendas&quot; que &quot;carnaval&quot; antes del siglo XVIII? ¿Entró &quot;carnestolendas&quot; en el idioma español antes que &quot;carnaval&quot;? ¿Se recomendaba de alguna forma el uso de &quot;carnestolendas&quot; por aquel entonces frente al uso de un extranjerismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T15:26:20.727" Title="¿Qué fue antes: &quot;carnaval&quot; o &quot;carnestolendas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22758" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T12:56:24.977" Score="3" ViewCount="969" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo esta mañana una pregunta en meta de SOes: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/2845/por-qu%C3%A9-puede-alguien-ayudarme-no-es-realmente-una-pregunta&quot;&gt;¿Por qué &quot;¿Puede alguien ayudarme?” no es realmente una pregunta? &lt;/a&gt; me ha sorprendido ver una pregunta dentro de otra y me ha surgido la duda de si eso está bien hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio no veo nada de malo al ser una pregunta que habla de otra pregunta y además va entrecomillada pero me ha parecido extraño a la vista y al leerla no sabía muy bien como se debía entonar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bH8aKhoE1D6eF5Wp4C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; no dice nada de este tema,al menos en la entrada &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;interrogación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y tampoco he encontrado solución en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto el uso de interrogaciones dentro de interrogaciones? ¿En caso afirmativo hay límites para la anidación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:13:46.620" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T21:33:50.113" Title="¿Puede haber signos de interrogación dentro de otros signos de interrogación?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-10-18T17:05:51.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22759" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23508" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:22:07.010" Score="3" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I previously asked a question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18176/is-there-any-historical-background-to-the-avoidance-of-the-passive-in-spanish&quot;&gt;Is there any historical background to the avoidance of the passive in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt; which gave rise to a great deal of confusion. Now I have been a member of this site for longer I think I see what happened so I am asking this new question in the hope that it is better worded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voz_pasiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voz_pasiva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además de la pasiva analítica ser + participio, existe en español otra forma de expresar la voz pasiva: la pasiva con se o pasiva refleja. Esta construcción está mucho más generalizada que la anterior, que apenas se usa en el lenguaje oral. La pasiva refleja solo es posible en 3ª persona; se no tiene aquí función nominal: es una marca o morfema de pasividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question, I hope now clearer, is &quot;Has this always been the case or did the relative popularity of the two forms change over time?&quot; and I suppose, if it did change, do we know why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The previous question failed mostly I believe because I used the terms which we tend to use in English to refer to Spanish grammatical constructions so I called the &lt;em&gt;pasive refleja&lt;/em&gt; avoiding the passive. I am not proposing to delete the old one as I think we learn from errors and also it would delete the efforts other people put in to trying to help me but If the consensus is that it should be marked as a duplicate then please go ahead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T23:20:39.043" Title="History of different passive forms in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22761" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:24:03.423" Score="2" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna palabra en español que haga referencia al acto o práctica de estar continuamente creando nuevas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas disciplinas y en particular algunas personas que practican estas disciplinas que están inventando continuamente palabras. ¿Tiene esta acción algun nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:26:01.353" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:42:07.457" Title="¿Existe una palabra en español para el acto o práctica de crear continuamente nuevas palabras?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22760" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:42:07.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;neologismanía&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QOrQDkR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neologismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;neo-&lt;/em&gt;, el gr. &lt;em&gt;λόγος lógos&lt;/em&gt; 'palabra' e &lt;em&gt;-ismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Vocablo, acepción o giro nuevo en una lengua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Uso de neologismos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí podríamos decir &lt;strong&gt;neologismear&lt;/strong&gt;: crear un neologismo, usando el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIeaLdH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Pero también podríamos usar el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-manía&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OD1nVZ2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-manía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. &lt;em&gt;-μανία -manía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'inclinación excesiva'. &lt;em&gt;Grafomanía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'impulso obsesivo' o 'hábito patológico'. &lt;em&gt;Piromanía, toxicomanía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'afición apasionada'. &lt;em&gt;Melomanía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;em&gt;neologismanía&lt;/em&gt; sería &quot;impulso obsesivo (o afición apasionada) por los neologismos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:42:07.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22767" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:49:41.243" Score="4" ViewCount="8534" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es común decir que algo es &quot;pan comido&quot; para indicar que es muy fácil. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese trabajo no es nada complicado. Será pan comido para ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esta expresión? ¿Está su origen relacionado con el &quot;to be a piece of cake&quot; del inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T15:02:21.273" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T15:02:21.273" Title="¿Por qué la expresión &quot;ser pan comido&quot; significa fácil?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22769" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:55:26.500" Score="5" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of late, I have noticed the use of &lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;zasca&lt;/em&gt; sometimes, which seems to be a variant) to summarize rude, sarcastic or funny replies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer le propuse tomar algo a una chica y &lt;strong&gt;zas&lt;/strong&gt;, me contestó que estaba esperando a su novio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; Yesterday I proposed having a drink to a girl and &lt;strong&gt;zas&lt;/strong&gt;, she replied that she was waiting for her boyfriend. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that the DLE has the onomatopoeia &lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt; to express a hit or blow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQBzz4w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. onomat. U. para imitar el sonido que hace un golpe, o el golpe mismo. U. t. repetida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this could very well be generalized into &quot;moral hits&quot; in form of replies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found out a short scene of Family Guy (Padre de Familia in Spanish) that says: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAw28xcWwDo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zas en toda la boca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DDw3H.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DDw3Hm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: what is the exact use and origin of both &quot;zas&quot;? Are they used also in Hispanic America?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T07:39:29.403" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T11:00:40.230" Title="Why is it that Spanish people use &quot;zas&quot; to refer to rude, sarcastic, sharp, harsh or funny replies?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22751" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:17:36.080" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &quot;minuto neoyorquino&quot;: Nos han servido el café en un minuto neoyorquino!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &quot;minuto de Nueva York&quot;: Apúrate, te dije en un minuto, pero de Nueva York!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión es netamente regional y es válido expresarla tal como es. También necesita contexto cómo otras frases que indican un &quot;instante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12028" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:17:36.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22766" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:21:01.867" Score="7" ViewCount="10034" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy leí una publicación en Facebook que mostraba un dialogo más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-A mi me gusta la luna, el café, los libros, escribir, la música y cantar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Que raro eres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-y tú demasiada común&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me sonó ese &amp;quot;demasiada&amp;quot; muy mal, así se hable de alguien femenino. Pienso que es &amp;quot;demasiado&amp;quot;, pero no sé como explicarlo. La RAE presenta las entradas &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C8sjljP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;demasiado/da&lt;/a&gt; y es claro que &amp;quot;demasiada&amp;quot; es correcta en casos como &amp;quot;hay demasiada gente&amp;quot;, pero siento que en el diálogo se usó de manera incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es y cómo se explica la oración correcta en el ejemplo que doy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:25:42.583" Title="¿Demasiado o demasiada?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22765" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:25:42.583" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trátase en este caso de un adverbio, porque &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; modifica &lt;em&gt;común&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;.  Cuando &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; es adverbio, es invariable y termina en &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, así que podemos decir que &lt;strong&gt;aquella persona debió decir «y tú demasiado común»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:25:42.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22762" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:38:36.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya en el siglo XIV existía un dicho que era &quot;el pan comido, la compañía deshecha&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La conpañía de los buenos es de buscar, la qual es caritativa e deleytosa, entre los quales deve aver verdat e non ser conpañeros de mesa que digan: el pan comido, la conpañía desfecha.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Tratado de la Comunidad (Biblioteca de El Escorial MS. &amp;amp;-II-8)&quot;, c 1370 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; define este dicho como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Refr. que se dice por los ingratos, que despues de haber recibido el beneficio, se olvidan dél, y no hacen caso, y se apartan de aquel de quien le recibieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que es muy cómodo y de ingratos establecer un trato, recibir tu favor (el pan comido) y luego no cumplir con tu parte. Este refrán fue popular durante el siglo XVII, apareciendo incluso en el Quijote por boca de Sancho: &quot;No se dirá por mí, señor mío, el pan comido, y la compañía deshecha.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro casos del refrán en el siglo XVIII, pero a partir del XIX empiezan a aparecer casos en la hemeroteca de la primera parte del refrán, haciendo alusión a la parte fácil del trato: el pan comido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Visto esto, y unido á la anterior noticia de&lt;/em&gt; La Opinione, &lt;em&gt;parece que en efecto todo género de ocupacion debía suspenderse, como tambien toda especie de seguridad absoluta de que la anexion es pan comido.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Pensamiento español (Madrid. 1860). 29/3/1860, página 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí surgió la idea de que algo que es &quot;pan comido&quot; es algo fácil de conseguir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:38:36.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22762" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:39:44.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.judaismovirtual.com/curiosidades/x.pancomido.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada de judaísmovirtual&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión que tiene su origen en la Torá. Según la web Bamidbar 14: 5 versa con respecto al momento posterior al regreso de los espías que fueron a explorar la tierra de Israel e informaron que no es propicia para ser conquistada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Moshé y Aharón cayeron sobre sus rostros delante de toda la congregación de Israel. Ieoshúa bin Nun y Kaleb ben Iefuné rasgaron sus ropas y dijeron al pueblo: La tierra que estuvimos en ella para explorarla es muy buena. Si es la voluntad deHashem [sic] propicia hacia nosotros, nos traerá a esa tierra y nos la dará. Es una tierra que mana leche y miel. Pero contra Hashem no se revelen, y no teman al pueblo de la tierra pues &lt;strong&gt;ellos son nuestro pan&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esta expresión &amp;quot;son nuestro pan&amp;quot; significa - explica Rashi - &amp;quot;Los comeremos como pan&amp;quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que es la tan conocida frase: &amp;quot;Son pan comido&amp;quot;, que tanto utilizamos cuando nos referimos a nuestros rivales, en algún deporte, juego de salón, o lo que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.judaismovirtual.com/efraim/vaietze.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este otro enlace de la misma web&lt;/a&gt; lo explica un poco mejor con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Rashi esta interpretación era una manera en que Hashem le dice a Yakov que &lt;strong&gt;la tierra será fácil de conquistar para su descendencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, podemos tomar la explicación midrashica simplemente como una expresión literaria, así como decir ‘es pan comido’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como sabemos la legua española ha sufrido influencia de muchas culturas. La cultura judaica estuvo presente en España por muchos años, y desde luego su influencia no terminó con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsi%C3%B3n_de_los_jud%C3%ADos_de_Espa%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la expulsión de los judíos en 1492 por parte de los Reyes Católicos&lt;/a&gt;. Por tanto, no sería descabellado asumir que el origen de esta expresión en la lengua castellana viene de la cultura judaica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión no parece estar relacionada con &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.knowyourphrase.com/phrase-meanings/Piece-Of-Cake.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to be a piece of cake&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; ya que al parecer el origen de esta frase es de 1930.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this saying goes back to at least the 1930s. The term was used with its figurative meaning by an American poet named Ogden Nash, who wrote a book called Primrose Path in 1936. There's a part from it that reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Her picture's in the papers now, And life's a piece of cake.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:47:23.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22763" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:57:54.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Famili Guy's Peter Griffin, the character shown in your image, likes to use the following expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pow! Right in the kisser!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This expression was used in the show for the first time in episode 17 of season 4, &lt;a href=&quot;http://familyguy.wikia.com/wiki/The_Fat_Guy_Strangler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fat Guy Strangler&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which aired in the USA on November 2005.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the episode was aired in Spain, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_estrangulador_de_gordos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dubbed in Spanish as always&lt;/a&gt;, the above expression was translated somewhat literally as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Zas! ¡En toda la boca!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find the exact airing date of that episode for Spain, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/420_(Padre_de_familia)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dates for more recent episodes&lt;/a&gt; show a 6-month delay between the USA airings and the Spain ones. So the &quot;Padre de Familia&quot; episodes where the &quot;zas!&quot; expression was first used, were probably aired for the first time in Spain in mid-to-late 2006.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if we check Google Trends, we can see that &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.es/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;q=zas%20en%20toda%20la%20boca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Spanish version&lt;/a&gt; was totally unheard of before September 2006, but became popular after that date:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tQ8f6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tQ8f6.png&quot; alt=&quot;zas!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there's a strong cause to think that the expression was made popular in Spain because of its appearance in a Family Guy episode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So popular, in fact, that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sensacine.com/noticias/series/noticia-18545192/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the dubbing for another famous, non-animated sitcom used it in place of the original &quot;Bazinga!&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, despite the Spanish version being way too long to fit in two syllables and having a slightly different meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there it just entered into colloquial use.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:57:54.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T15:55:47.367" Score="7" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una enumeración de cosas, si coloco &quot;como&quot; y después &quot;etc.&quot;, ¿es redundante? Es decir, ¿la palabra &quot;como&quot; indica que son ejemplos los listados además de otros? Entonces, ¿cuál de las siguientes frases es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a. Frutas como: naranja, manzana y mango.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;b. Frutas como: naranja, manzana, mango, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T18:49:49.670" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T18:49:49.670" Title="¿Es congruente colocar &quot;etc.&quot; en un enumeración usando &quot;como&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22728" CreationDate="2017-10-17T17:08:18.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de terminar de escuchar la canción y no, no es ningún tipo de connotación política la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Epa!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en este caso y de ninguna manera, en algún otro. Este tipo de expresiones o palabras se utilizan para dar énfasis al sentimiento o estado de animo de la canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México se utilizan mucho, y son muy utilizadas en canciones de Mariachi aunque mayormente se usan los &quot;gritos mexicanos&quot;, en la parte de Occidente de México, se conocen como &quot;guacos&quot;, desconozco el resto de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes ver mucho de estos ejemplos en vídeos de Pedro Infante como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5GCXjX2tQ4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Copa tras copa&lt;/a&gt; (0:02), &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTB_y0c0Tzg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Me canse de rogarle&lt;/a&gt; (0:04) o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3g__yFLZpwI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coplas de retache&lt;/a&gt; (0:28).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Deberías evitarla? No necesariamente, deberías aprender a usarla en la ocasión en la que estés. Puedes usar los casos que te da la DLE. Incluso lo más próximo al significado es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para animar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; la canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:08:18.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22770" CreationDate="2017-10-17T17:12:27.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que es redundante. Al menos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://blognisaba.blogspot.com.co/2010/02/etcetera-uso-abuso-y-ortotipografia.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt; se puede inferir eso. Primero empiezan describiendo el abuso de dicha expresión, argumentando entre otras cosas que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al mismo tiempo, la libertad que introduce el etcétera es una trampa mortal: el discurso no se cierra, parece que todavía falta mucho por decir y, en el esfuerzo por «rellenar» o «completar» el etcétera, el lector podría cometer cualquier barbaridad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más adelante, al mencionar que &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; es una alternativa válida, se entiende que usar los dos al tiempo no es lo más lógico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una estrategia para eliminar por completo el &lt;em&gt;etcétera&lt;/em&gt; es invocando la figura del ejemplo, cuando solamente se quiere hacer mención de unos pocos casos para orientación del lector. Las fórmulas &lt;em&gt;entre otros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por ejemplo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tales como&lt;/em&gt; e incluso &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a secas pueden venir en nuestra ayuda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:12:27.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22774" CreationDate="2017-10-17T18:23:11.427" Score="3" ViewCount="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to translate an English prescription label into Spanish. The full instructions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apply to affected area on face twice daily as &lt;strong&gt;spot treatment&lt;/strong&gt; or once daily to entire face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there was an equivalent phrase to &quot;spot treatment&quot; that would make sense to a Spanish speaker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have tentatively is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aplicar sobre el área afectada en la cara dos veces al día según sea necesario como &lt;strong&gt;tratamiento spot&lt;/strong&gt; o una vez al día en toda la cara&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17902" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T18:48:38.443" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T18:48:38.443" Title="What's the best way to write the phrase &quot;apply as a spot treatment&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22773" CreationDate="2017-10-17T18:27:11.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;em&gt;puntual&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;localizada&lt;/em&gt; as alternatives&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aplicar sobre el área afectada &lt;strong&gt;de manera puntual&lt;/strong&gt; dos veces al día o sobre toda la cara una vez al día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aplicar &lt;strong&gt;de manera localizada&lt;/strong&gt; sobre el área afectada dos veces al día o sobre toda la cara una vez al día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also replace the bold part for &lt;em&gt;puntualmente&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;localmente&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T18:27:11.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2017-10-17T18:43:13.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adicto a las noticias o adicta a las noticias es lo que más se acerca. Los términos coloquiales de drogadicto no se han utilizado hasta el momento para describir una gran afición a algo. Adicto al fútbol, Adicto a facebook son otros ejemplos. Algunos equivalentes para junkie son: marihuano, drogo, moto, monero, motorolo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12028" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T18:43:13.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22778" CreationDate="2017-10-17T20:44:06.610" Score="5" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;When writing a post to people you don't know, which form of address should you use: &quot;tú,&quot; &quot;usted,&quot; or &quot;ustedes?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al escribir un post a la gente que no conoce, ¿cuál forma de dirigirse debería usar?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always been taught that it is polite to start off with &quot;usted&quot; when you first meet someone and wait for their permission to &quot;tutear&quot; them.  I tend to practice that rule, but it seems a bit stiff, formal, and perhaps rude to continue with &quot;usted&quot; rather than drop to &quot;tú.&quot;  When you are face to face, voice to voice, or even text to text with someone, it's easier to pick up on the social cues that help you determine which to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When writing a post to an unseen audience, however, I am always wondering which form I should use.  In the past, I've tended to adopt the Wikipedia style which uses the &quot;ustedes&quot; form.  However, the better my Spanish gets, the more awkward it feels to use the &quot;ustedes&quot; form in my posts because I am imagining a single individual reading my post and not a whole room full of people.  Granted, when you post something online, millions could potentially see your post and several hundred of them at the same time even, but it isn't quite like standing in front of a group of people and addressing them all at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a good rule of thumb to use when deciding which form of address to use in a post and is it necessary to stick with the same form throughout the post?&lt;/strong&gt;  More specifically, is it acceptable to use just the &quot;usted&quot; form and then switch to the &quot;ustedes&quot; form in the last paragraph?  For example, let's say you've been discussing some aspect of English in a post and you've been using the &quot;usted&quot; form.  You finish writing your main points and you want to end with, &quot;If any of you (using &quot;ustedes&quot; here) have any contributions to make to this post, please add them (again using the &quot;ustedes&quot; form here) in the comments section below.&quot;  Is it perfectly acceptable to end it like this or would this be considered a poor or uneducated writing style?  If I end it with something like that, must I use &quot;ustedes&quot; throughout the post?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if there is some sort of usage book or other authoritative source that prescribes rules for this, please share that information with us also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance for your time and attention to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me han enseñado que es cortés empezar con «usted» en el primer encuentro con alguien y esperar para su permiso a «tutear».  Tiendo a practicar esa regla, pero parece un poco rígido, formal, y quizás maleducado continuar con «usted» más que bajar a «tú».  Cuando estás cara a cara, voz a voz, o aún texto a texto con alguien, es más fácil de recoger señales sociales que puede ayudar a determinar cuál de ellas usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al escribir un post a un público invisible, sin embargo, siempre me pregunto qué forma debería usar.  En el pasado, he tendido a adoptar el estilo de Wikipedia que usa la forma de «ustedes».  No obstante, cuanto mejor es mi español, más incómodo me resulta usar la forma de «ustedes» en mis posts porque me estoy imaginando una sola persona leyendo mi post y no un cuarto lleno de gente.  Concedido, cuando se cuelga un post en línea, millones potencialmente podría ver su post y aún cientos de ellos al mismo tiempo, pero no es exactamente como estar parado delante de un grupo de gente y abordarlos de repente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es una buena regla general para decidir cuál forma de dirigirse es la mejor al escribir un &quot;post&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;  Y, ¿es necesario seguir con la misma forma a lo largo del post?  Más específicamente, ¿es aceptable usar sólo la forma de «usted» y luego cambiar a la forma de «ustedes» en el último párrafo?  Por ejemplo, digamos que se ha estado discutiendo algún aspecto del inglés en un post y se ha estado usando la forma de «usted».  Acaba de terminar sus puntos principales y quiere terminar con, «Si alguno de ustedes tienen alguna contribución que hacer a este post, por favor añádanlas en la sección de comentarios abajo».  ¿Es perfectamente aceptable terminarlo como esto?  O, ¿sería un pobre estilo de escritura, o quizás inculto?  Si lo termino con algo como eso, ¿tengo que usar «ustedes» en todas partes del post?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, si hay algún tipo de libro de uso u otra fuente autorizada que prescriba normas para esto, por favor, además compártanlos conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano por su tiempo y atención a esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user17232" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T18:45:52.983" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T18:50:15.813" Title="When writing a post to people you don't know, which form of address should you use: 'tú', 'usted', or 'ustedes'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22777" CreationDate="2017-10-17T21:29:22.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la Web, por omisión yo diría que debes tutear o vosear a menos que haya una razón para tratar de usted (situación o texto formal, por ejemplo).  Eso probablemente se debe a las formas de tratamiento en los países hispanohablantes que más usuarios tenían en los albores del Internet (seguramente si hubiesen sido todos costarricenses, la cosa habría acabado diferente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay problema en cambiar de singular a plural si te diriges al final a más de una persona, es lo mismo de cambiar en inglés de &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;y'all&lt;/em&gt;.  Ten en cuenta que si empleas el castellano peninsular o africano, normalmente vas a mantener el nivel de formalidad (es decir, si en singular usabas &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, usarás &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; en plural, si &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; en singular, &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; en plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T21:29:22.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22758" CreationDate="2017-10-17T21:33:50.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que haya limitación.  Lo cierto es que no es muy frecuente, y en el caso que pones, las marcas van dentro de las comillas, por lo que no debe haber problema alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesantemente, en mi comentario sobre &lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt; en otra pregunta, la cita de Mafalda usa dos marcas exclamatorias y no me parece problema, es como para enfatizar más una parte de la oración ya exclamada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Es horrible! ¡La gente gente estudia, termina su carrera y… ¡zas! se va al extranjero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así podríamos imaginar alguna situación en que sería aconsejable, o incluso necesario, usar dos pares de marcas interrogativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vas a casar con ¿Marcos era su nombre??  Pues él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La doble marca al final puede parece raro pero tampoco tanto, y es como lo haríamos si hubiese una exclamatoria: ¿……¡…!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T21:33:50.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22783" CreationDate="2017-10-17T23:17:00.250" Score="3" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un software que está protegido contra la piratería por medio de un &lt;em&gt;dongle&lt;/em&gt;. Es un molesto aparatito parecido a una memoria USB que hay que mantener conectada al computador mientras se usa el programa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; (la única fuente en que busqué) no aparece traducido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;dongle&lt;/strong&gt; es una pequeña pieza, un hardware, que se conecta a otro dispositivo para aportar una función adicional. En relación con la informática, el término se asocia al mecanismo de copias de seguridad para protección, así como software comercial con el que el dongle se vincula al sistema mediante un software instalado previamente, entregado junto al hardware en la compra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna traducción aceptada en español, o alguien sugiere una?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T08:55:56.543" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;dongle&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22787" CreationDate="2017-10-17T23:25:55.733" Score="4" ViewCount="5257" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una fuente de información confiable que diga si los títulos de tablas y figuras de un trabajo de investigación llevan punto al final o si no lo llevan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: Tabla 2.1. Clasificación de los seres vivos(.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que muchos blogs que dicen que sí y otros tantos que dicen que no deben terminar con punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T09:28:23.953" Title="¿Los títulos de tablas y figuras llevan punto?" Tags="&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22781" CreationDate="2017-10-18T03:52:59.483" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia Española publica en línea un &quot;diccionario panhispánico de dudas&quot; (DPD), disponible en esta liga &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/&lt;/a&gt;. En él, específicamente en la sección pertinente al punto (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&lt;/a&gt;), se explican sus usos correctos e incorrectos. Entre los incorrectos, el punto 5.4 establece&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.4. Nunca se escribe punto tras los títulos y subtítulos de libros, artículos, capítulos, obras de arte, etc., cuando aparecen aislados y&#xA;  son el único texto del renglón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cien años de soledad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tampoco llevan punto al final los nombres de autor en cubiertas,&#xA;  portadas, prólogos, firmas de cartas y otros documentos, o en&#xA;  cualquier otra ocasión en que aparezcan solos en un renglón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se especifica el uso en títulos de tablas y figuras. Sin embargo, se puede argumentar que, ya que este uso no corresponde a ninguno de los casos de uso correcto descritos y es similar al uso en títulos en libros y capítulos, el uso de punto después de un título de este tipo es incorrecto de acuerdo al DPD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De cualquier manera, sugiero que revises si la institución que publicará tu trabajo de investigación emite una guía de estilo. Si es así, ésta debería ser la autoridad máxima en el uso de puntuación en tu trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17907" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T05:28:48.493" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T05:28:48.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22780" CreationDate="2017-10-18T07:19:55.043" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en la web de &lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;IATE&lt;/a&gt; veo que hay dos traducciones propuestas para &lt;em&gt;dongle&lt;/em&gt; en el campo de la informática y el tratamiento de datos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dispositivo de protección.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mochila.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera opción está marcada como &quot;fiabilidad no acreditada&quot;, mientras que la segunda lo está como &quot;fiable&quot;. La verdad es que el término &quot;mochila&quot; sí me suena de haberlo usado o haberlo oído usar en el sentido de &quot;dispositivo que permite el uso de software comercial instalado previamente y entregado junto al hardware en la compra&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, tienes &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochila_(dispositivo)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente entrada&lt;/a&gt; en la Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En informática, una &lt;strong&gt;mochila&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;llave&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;candado&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;seguro electrónico&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dongle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés) es un pequeño dispositivo de hardware que se puede integrar a un programa y se conecta a un ordenador, normalmente, para autenticar un fragmento de software. Cuando la llave electrónica no está conectada, dicho software se ejecuta en un modo restringido o directamente no se ejecuta. Las llaves electrónicas son usadas por algunos fabricantes de software como forma de prevención de copias o gestión de derechos digitales pues es mucho más difícil copiar estas que el software que está instalado. Generalmente las llaves electrónicas se conectan por USB o puerto paralelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T07:19:55.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22763" CreationDate="2017-10-18T08:09:05.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add that &lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt; has a long trajectory inside the Spanish language. The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; already contains an entry for this word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ZAS. Voz, con que se significa el sonido del golpe, ù el golpe mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also worth mentioning this other entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ZAS, ZAS. Voces, con que se significa la repetición del golpe, ù del sonido dél. Usase freqüentemente para significar los que se dán à la puerta, quando se llama a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you'll probably laugh out loud when you see this other entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ZASCANDIL. Voz, con que se significa el golpe repentino, ò accion impensada, y pronta, o sin reflexion, tomada la alusion del golpe, y ruido, que ocasiona el candil quando se cae.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the word &lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt; already alluded to the sound of a hit in the 18th century. It is an obvious evolution that it is now used also to express that something has been said and you felt like been hit in the face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its origin, I would say, is just onomatopoeic. The first cases seems to be from the 17th century, so its origin may be a bit earlier. Good ol' Gonzalo Correas explains us its use in the following terms using his particular way of writing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Zas!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por: sonido de golpe.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Zas, kandil!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Kuando se oie dar algún porrazo; o se ve, i da.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot;, 1627 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it also appears in the Quixote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Eso creo yo bien —respondió don Quijote—, porque he tenido con el gigante la más descomunal y desaforada batalla que pienso tener en todos los días de mi vida, y de un revés, ¡zas!, le derribé la cabeza en el suelo, y fue tanta la sangre que le salió, que los arroyos corrían por la tierra como si fueran de agua.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1605 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T08:09:05.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22785" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-18T08:34:29.223" Score="1" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often use the word &lt;em&gt;chachi&lt;/em&gt; to say that something is good, or that I really like something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Qué te parece si hoy vamos al cine?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Chachi!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know the origin of the expression, but in the DLE I can only find that &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8RudNPJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chachi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; redirects to &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8XeOJWr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chanchi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and in that entry there is no clue about its origin. So what could be its origin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About its use, I know that it is used in Andalusia, and both &lt;em&gt;chachi&lt;/em&gt; and the variant &lt;em&gt;chanchi&lt;/em&gt; are used in Castilla-La Mancha, both in Spain. Is it used elsewhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T08:34:29.223" Title="Origin and use of the word &quot;chachi&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-18T08:41:57.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22786" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22853" CreationDate="2017-10-18T08:48:16.943" Score="5" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a Spanish saying: &lt;em&gt;¡Voto a bríos!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CqgIq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CqgIq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;¡Voto a bríos!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the DLE, the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=672nRvF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pujanza. U. m. en pl. &lt;em&gt;Hombre de bríos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Espíritu, valor, resolución.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Garbo, desembarazo, gallardía, gentileza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, the expression &lt;em&gt;voto a bríos&lt;/em&gt; is registered in the DLE in another, separated entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=678eC06&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bríos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;voto a bríos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. interj. coloq. p. us. voto a Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What confuses me is that &lt;em&gt;bríos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;brío&lt;/em&gt; are separated entries in the dictionary, so is &lt;em&gt;bríos&lt;/em&gt; a reference to God (as stated by the definition)? Or must &lt;em&gt;bríos&lt;/em&gt; be understood as in the definition of &lt;em&gt;brío&lt;/em&gt;? In this case, what of the different meanings of &lt;em&gt;brío&lt;/em&gt; must be taken?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T06:26:31.487" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T22:41:04.063" Title="What's &quot;bríos&quot; in the Spanish expression &quot;voto a bríos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22781" CreationDate="2017-10-18T09:28:23.953" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=heskPUYgWggLzJlD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece dejarlo bien claro&lt;/a&gt; en el punto 3.4.1.2, en caso de que no dispongas de una guía de estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca se escribe punto tras los títulos y subtítulos de libros, artículos, capítulos, obras de arte, etc., cuando aparecen aislados (centrados o no) y son el único texto del renglón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tampoco se escriben con punto final los títulos y cabeceras de cuadros y tablas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poco más adelante, especifica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los textos que aparecen bajo ilustraciones, fotografías, diagramas, etc., dentro de un libro o una publicación periódica no suelen cerrarse con punto cuando constituyen etiquetas que describen el contenido de dichas imágenes [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como en el caso de las dedicatorias, cuanto más extenso es el texto que constituye un pie de imagen, tanto mayor es la tendencia a la escritura del punto final, especialmente cuando dicho texto presenta puntuación interna. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando los pies de imagen no son propiamente etiquetas, sino explicaciones de carácter discursivo que suelen tener estructura oracional, deben cerrarse con punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, yo entiendo que los títulos de cuadros y tablas no llevan punto final. Ahora bien, puedes considerar el apartado dedicado a los títulos descriptivos de imágenes. Si vas a poner un texto largo y explicativo, tal vez debas cerrar con puntos los títulos. Si solo son etiquetas o descripciones breves, no los pongas. En todo caso, pienso que lo importante es que seas constante y lo hagas siempre de la misma forma. Los lectores no van a considerar si según la RAE poner un punto final es o no es correcto en los títulos de las tablas, pero sí se pueden extrañar si demuestras una falta de coherencia en la redacción del artículo (si a veces pones el punto y a veces no). A fin de cuentas, si no tienes coherencia en la redacción, ¿quién dice que la hayas tenido durante el desarrollo de la investigación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T09:28:23.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22789" CreationDate="2017-10-18T09:38:33.573" Score="2" ViewCount="1464" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un tiempo encontré la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estos fiscales se lo contaron a Maza, él &lt;strong&gt;se hizo de nuevas&lt;/strong&gt;, se mostró muy sorprendido y preocupado por la información (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/escolar/filtrador-Manuel-Moix_6_642245798.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la noticia se habla de un tal Maza a quien le contaron algo y se mostró sorprendido de ello, pese a que realmente ya lo sabía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE lo recoge en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhsYsNr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse alguien de nuevas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Dar a entender con afectación y disimulo que no ha llegado a su noticia aquello que le dice otro, siendo cierto que ya lo sabía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asumo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhsYsNr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nueva&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aquí usa su 5.ª acepción &lt;em&gt;Que sobreviene o se añade a algo que había antes&lt;/em&gt;. Así y todo la expresión me resulta confusa en tanto en cuanto su &quot;traducción&quot; sería &quot;hacerse de sobrevenido&quot; y ese &lt;em&gt;hacerse de&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;de nuevas&lt;/em&gt; es una construcción extraña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien podría clarificar su uso, así como validar si mi interpretación sobre la construcción de la expresión es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T10:02:29.840" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;hacerse de nuevas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22788" CreationDate="2017-10-18T09:53:46.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que es más sencillo. La interpretación que se le da puede ser la 2 (&quot;que se percibe o experimenta por primera vez&quot;) o la 11 (sinónimo de &quot;noticia&quot;). Yo casi me decanto por la primera: así, &quot;hacerse de nuevas&quot; equivaldría a decir que haces como que las noticias que oyes son nuevas para ti (que las oyes por primera vez).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo además que la expresión es harto antigua, y se usa precisamente como indicas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Tan presto estás de vuelta? ¿Diste ya la saya a Chillón el sastre y el diamante al platero?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Qué saya? ¿Qué diamante me has dado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No te hagas de nuevas ni burles de mí, que la saya y el diamante que me diste, te di.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Timoneda, &quot;La comedia de los Menemnos. Traducción de Plauto&quot;, 1559 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expresiones similares podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a1laMnE#7dV6QpF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hacerse el tonto&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YdyEKEV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sueco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacer como que no te has enterado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T10:02:29.840" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T10:02:29.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23337" CreationDate="2017-10-18T09:58:45.947" Score="4" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the literal translation of &quot;to procrastinate&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;procrastinar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=procrastinar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;procrastinar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;procrastināre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Diferir, aplazar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've always found its spelling and pronunciation to be too far away of current Spanish. This word sounds to me very archaic and strange and kind of foreign even. So i'd like to find a different word to express the same concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, &lt;strong&gt;I don't think the DLE definition of &quot;procrastinar&quot; matches the actual use of the verb in English&lt;/strong&gt;. Most of the time, when we say somebody is procrastinating, we mean that they are avoiding to do something out of laziness or lack of confidence. &lt;strong&gt;Just postponing something is not procrastinating&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example: if I have to study for my finals but I decide to browse Spanish.SE instead, that's procrastinating. But if I postpone a meeting because I have something else to do, that's not procrastinating, that's just rescheduling.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I remembered that Spanish has a word with a meaning quite close to that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=remolonear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remolonear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Rehusar moverse, detenerse en hacer o admitir algo, por flojedad y pereza. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;&quot;remolonear&quot;&lt;/em&gt; can be understood as &quot;refusing to do something out of laziness&quot;. I think that is closer to the current use of &quot;to procrastinate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;&quot;remolonear&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (or can it be) used in the same sense as &quot;to procrastinate&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Would people understand that I was procrastinating if I said &lt;em&gt;&quot;Tenia que estudiar pero estuve remoloneando&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't think it is, what other word would be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T14:29:22.287" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T18:08:04.803" Title="Is &quot;remolonear&quot; a better translation for &quot;to procrastinate&quot; than &quot;procrastinar&quot;? If not, what other word would be?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22803" CreationDate="2017-10-18T10:42:11.330" Score="14" ViewCount="1809" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrie&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kyrie, eleison&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a Greek expression meaning &quot;Lord, have mercy&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's been used by Christians since the beginning, and it made its way into the Latin rite of mass, as in the priest (V) is speaking Latin and then he and the congregation (R) just switch to Greek with either &lt;em&gt;Kyrie, eleison&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Christe eleison&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;/strong&gt; Misereátur nostri omnípotens&#xA;  Deus, et, dimíssis peccátis nostris,&#xA;  perdúcat nos ad vitam&#xA;  ætérnam.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;R.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Amen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;/strong&gt; Kýrie, eléison.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;R.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Kýrie, eléison&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;/strong&gt; Christe, eléison.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;R.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Christe, eléison&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;/strong&gt; Kýrie, eléison.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;R.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Kýrie, eléison&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the way the mass was said everywhere in Spain until &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/sociedad/20150307/abci-primera-misa-latin-201503051042.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;barely 50 years ago&lt;/a&gt; and, in fact, there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unavocesevilla.com/misaenespana.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;some places&lt;/a&gt; where it is still said like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also used in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrie_en_re_menor,_KV_341_(Mozart)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;many&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_in_B_minor#I._Kyrie_and_Gloria_.28.22Missa.22.29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;classical&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbueNVkj-r0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;music&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aah_ITLw3R8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pieces&lt;/a&gt; meant to be played during mass or just with a religious theme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is also the only case of a Greek expression I've been able to find in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;, and it doesn't even count because it is not used in common conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Spanish is ripe with Latin expressions like &lt;em&gt;vox populi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cum laude&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mea culpa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ecce homo&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Some of them also  have a religious origin.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that many Spanish words have Greek roots, I would expect at least a couple Greek expressions too, just like it happens with Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any Greek expressions in Spanish? And if there are none, why is that?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T01:56:22.247" Title="&quot;Kyrie eleison&quot;: does Spanish have any Greek sayings, like it does Latin? If not, why?" Tags="&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;griego&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22763" CreationDate="2017-10-18T11:00:40.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The origin is obviously onomatopeic (the very cite in the question says so):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;zas&#xA;  1. &lt;strong&gt;onomat&lt;/strong&gt;. U. para imitar el sonido que hace un golpe, o el golpe mismo. U. t. repetida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me it seems logical that it refers a noise of wind shearing / wind cutting fast object. That would explain why its use in the popular Family Guy's scene. It's pure speculation, but it looks logical to me, as it is probably the sound of an arrow, or some kind of fast object through the wind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T11:00:40.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-18T12:08:06.447" Score="6" ViewCount="3483" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta sobre la expresión «pan comido»: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22762/14069&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; la expresi&amp;#243;n &amp;quot;ser pan comido&amp;quot; significa f&amp;#225;cil?&lt;/a&gt; me ha hecho pensar en otra expresión para decir que algo es fácil: &lt;em&gt;está chupado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE dice de &lt;em&gt;chupado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=94LLQSz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;chupado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del part. de chupar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. coloq. Muy flaco y extenuado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. coloq. Muy fácil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay nada en el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=94gRaCx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;chupar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de lo que se pueda deducir ese significado, al menos yo no soy capaz de encontrarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De donde viene entonces decir que algo está chupado cuando algo es fácil?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T21:37:15.673" Title="¿Por qué algo fácil &quot;está chupado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2017-10-18T12:17:01.360" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para este tipo de búsquedas viene bien el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt;, ya que te permite buscar según las definiciones de cada entrada del diccionario, incluyendo su clasificación. Por ejemplo, si buscas &quot;loc lat&quot; te aparecen todas las locuciones latinas registradas en el DLE. Sin embargo, si buscas &quot;loc gr&quot; solo se encuentran resultados de palabras que provienen del griego, pero ninguna locución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación a esto puede ser, en primer lugar, la mayor proximidad del español al latín que al griego clásico, y que los romanos tradujeron las locuciones griegas a su idioma. Te pongo un ejemplo que ilustra ambos puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Daz0cCK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;deus ex machina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Loc. lat.; literalmente 'el dios [que baja] de la máquina'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Teatro. En el teatro de la Antigüedad, personaje que representaba a una divinidad y que, mediante un mecanismo, descendía&#xA;  al escenario para resolver situaciones complicadas o trágicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona o cosa que, con su intervención, resuelve, de manera poco verosímil, una situación difícil dentro de una obra literaria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona o cosa capaz de solucionar, sin dificultad aparente, todo tipo de situaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta locución, aunque latina, alude al teatro de la antigüedad, es decir, al antiguo teatro griego. ¿No debería estar esta locución pues en griego? De hecho, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Locuciones_griegas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;existía en ese idioma&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ἀπὸ μηχανῆς Θεός&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Apò mēkhanês Theós&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Un dios traído con grúa&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La frase procede de la manera en que a veces se aparecían las imágenes de dioses en el antiguo teatro griego para resolver una situación sin salida: se les hacía aparecer con una grúa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, para un español es mucho más sencillo aprenderse y pronunciar &quot;deus ex machina&quot; que &quot;Apò mēkhanês Theós&quot;. En el enlace anterior se pueden ver infinidad de locuciones griegas, muchas de las cuales existen en español adaptadas tanto a nuestro idioma como al latín. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;γνῶθι σεαυτόν&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Gnôthi seautón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Conócete a ti mismo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;διαίρει καὶ βασίλευε&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Diaírei kaì basíleue&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Divide y vence&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;νοῦς ὑγιὴς ἐν σώματι ὑγιεῖ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Noûs hugiḕs en sṓmati hugieî&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en latín, &lt;em&gt;Mens sana in corpore sano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Mente sana en un cuerpo sano&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verás por la lista, ninguna de las locuciones expresadas en ella se ha llegado a añadir a nuestro idioma en su versión original en griego, a pesar de que muchas las conocemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T13:28:23.100" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T13:28:23.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22795" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22799" CreationDate="2017-10-18T12:41:35.283" Score="7" ViewCount="26865" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;no tengo el chichi para farolillos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a modo de imitación del desparpajo y del acento de los españoles. Si no me equivoco, en España significa &quot;ahora no estoy de humor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que veo, el &lt;em&gt;chichi&lt;/em&gt; es el pene. Pero los &lt;em&gt;farolillos&lt;/em&gt; no adivino qué son. El diccionario solo dice que son &quot;faroles&quot; y también ciertas especies de plantas con flores acampanadas. No agrega ninguna definición coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se refieren con &lt;em&gt;farolillos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T14:23:37.680" LastActivityDate="2019-05-16T11:30:45.373" Title="¿Qué son los &quot;farolillos&quot; en &quot;no tengo el chichi para farolillos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22804" CreationDate="2017-10-18T12:50:59.013" Score="2" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21467/es-correcta-la-f%C3%B3rmula-estimados-todos&quot;&gt;question and answer&lt;/a&gt; some time ago about the salutation &lt;em&gt;Estimados todos&lt;/em&gt; there was general agreement that it is incorrect to use an adjective to qualify a pronoun although the usage might be permissible in informal cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This set me thinking that if you cannot do that there must be some way round it. Let us look at a couple of example situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to describe the person to whom you are talking. So something unfortunate has happened to them and you would say in English &quot;Poor you&quot;. I suppose for this specific example you might leave off the pronoun and hope it is obvious. It occurs to me that &lt;em&gt;¡Pobrecito!&lt;/em&gt; might work assuming that is the correct affectionate diminutive but then again &lt;em&gt;pobrecito&lt;/em&gt; is probably a noun anyway. However what about more complex examples like the line from Girl Crazy &quot;sweet embraceable you&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about if you want to talk about yourself? You have made some minor slip so you say in English &quot;Silly me!&quot;. Just saying &lt;em&gt;¡tonto!&lt;/em&gt; runs the risk that bystanders may think you are talking about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify I am not asking for translations of those particular examples but suggestions about general principles which might be followed. I do appreciate that not all constructions map one-to-one between languages either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T13:56:08.633" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T00:11:06.213" Title="How to avoid using adjective+pronoun construction" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22793" CreationDate="2017-10-18T13:26:07.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece una expresión de reciente cuño. No encuentro casos en el CORDE, y en el CREA el primero parece ser este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pisando fuerte, diciéndome una y otra vez que no puede fallar, que está chupado, recorro los escasos metros que me separan de la puerta del Banco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Pérez Merinero, &quot;Días de guardar&quot;, 1981 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el DLE aparece por primera vez en la edición de 1983 del *Diccionario manual ilustrado de la lengua española&quot;, aportando además un dato que nos revela su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chupado, da.&lt;/strong&gt; || fig. vulg. Se dice entre estudiantes de las preguntas, lecciones, etc., muy fáciles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto coincide con lo que yo recuerdo que fueron mis primeros usos de la expresión. Ahora bien, ¿cómo se generó en ámbitos escolares y/o universitarios esta expresión? Mucho me temo que ignoro la respuesta, aunque es posible que provenga de algún símil que haga alusión a alguna tarea extremadamente fácil, como chupar un caramelo, o chuparse el dedo que, aunque esto hace alusión a otro dicho diferente, no deja de ser lo primero que aprender a hacer un niño, y es por tanto una tarea fácil. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T13:26:07.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22795" CreationDate="2017-10-18T13:31:46.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chichi&lt;/em&gt; es una de las miles de formas que se usan en España para referirse a los genitales de la mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la frase completa &lt;em&gt;no tengo el chichi para farolillos&lt;/em&gt;, se usa  de forma coloquial en España desde que se mencionara en la serie española &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_vidas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;7 vidas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en algún momento de su emisión, entre 1999 y 2006, por parte del personaje Aída.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, vendría a ser algo así como &lt;em&gt;no tengo el coño para fiestas&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como apunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22799/1674&quot;&gt;walen en su buena respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.es/trends/explore?date=2004-01-01%202017-10-18&amp;amp;q=no%20tengo%20el%20chichi%20para%20farolillos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Trends&lt;/a&gt; se observa que tuvo su auge hacia 2004 (o lo mismo antes, pero la aplicación no mira nada previo a ese año) y ha ido decayendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WAm69.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WAm69.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo nunca la he oído, pero esto tampoco quiere decir nada. Sin embargo, viendo la gráfica no me extrañaría que acabe cayendo en desuso con el tiempo si no es &lt;em&gt;rescatada&lt;/em&gt; por alguna otra mención en televisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo asumo que la dijo el personaje de Aída, interpretado por Carmen Machi, de ahí que muchas referencias hablen de ella como autora de la frase. Fundéu, por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/el-rincon-del-buen-decir-gracias-a-la-tele-5711/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cita&lt;/a&gt; esta frase como propia del &lt;em&gt;spin-off&lt;/em&gt; Aída que se emitió años después (2005-2014, por lo que no tendría sentido dado que ya en 2004 se usaba la frase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, encontré el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXOiHmPqP34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vídeo donde aparece la frase&lt;/a&gt;, pero está bloqueado por el productor. Lo dejo aquí por si algún día se le levanta el veto y así podemos saber con exactitud el capítulo en el que se dijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T13:39:10.143" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T13:39:10.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22795" CreationDate="2017-10-18T13:32:10.053" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;chichi&lt;/em&gt;, como bien apunta @blonfu en los comentarios, suele referirse a los genitales femeninos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8iwXb8F&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;chichi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. vulg. coño (‖ vulva y vagina).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque para el caso que nos ocupa daría igual que fuesen los masculinos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los farolillos son esos objetos de papel, iluminados por dentro, que se ponen en las ferias y fiestas para adornar y dar ambiente festivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=He0Yalm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;farolillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Farol de papel, celofán o plástico de colores, que sirve para adornar en verbenas y fiestas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vH6qK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vH6qK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sí, efectivamente, la expresión quiere decir que no se está de humor para fiestas (o para lo que sea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T13:32:10.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22795" CreationDate="2017-10-18T13:35:46.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente el &lt;em&gt;chichi&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a los genitales femeninos, de hecho la frase se suele usar principalmente por mujeres. Ten en cuenta que su significado de &quot;ahora no estoy de humor&quot; se puede interpretar muy fácilmente en el terreno del acto sexual (&quot;ahora no tengo ganas&quot; u &quot;hoy no puedo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a los &lt;em&gt;farolillos&lt;/em&gt;, observa la siguiente foto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YhBOFm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YhBOFm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Farolillos&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta foto corresponde a la Feria de abril de Sevilla. Los farolillos son las filas de bolas rojas y blancas que ves sobre la calle (recubriendo las bombillas que la iluminan), y son un símbolo de la Feria, ya que no solo adornan las calles sino también el interior de muchas casetas. Por tanto, en este caso &lt;em&gt;farolillos&lt;/em&gt; hace alusión a la Feria, y por extensión a las ganas de fiesta con las que uno asiste a la Feria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la frase quiere decir que &quot;no se tienen ganas de fiesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T13:35:46.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22796" CreationDate="2017-10-18T14:14:40.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have several ways to achieve what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's begin with the &lt;em&gt;silly me&lt;/em&gt; case. For that we have the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, used in the future tense expressing probability or uncertainty. Just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Seré tonto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you can use this construction for other people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Serás tonto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, this construction is only used in negative contexts, even when used with positive words as it may express feelings such as envy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Será listo el tío que se ha sacado la carrera en tres años?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For positive contexts I prefer to use another constructions. So let's move to the &lt;em&gt;sweet embraceable&lt;/em&gt; case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Eres &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0SH3Aln#QcZ6p6b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;achuchable&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué achuchable eres!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Anda que no eres achuchable (ni ná)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: the &lt;em&gt;ni ná&lt;/em&gt; ending is optional, Andalusian slang. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the previous example can be transformed to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te has sacado la carrera en tres años? ¡Anda que no eres lista!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in some cases just saying the adjective (maybe in a diminutive form) is right, as happens with &lt;em&gt;pobrecito&lt;/em&gt;, that's perfectly understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general principle is that we do not say &quot;tonto yo&quot; or &quot;achuchable tú&quot;, so we transform the construction &quot;adjective + pronoun&quot; into some other, more comfortable construction for us, such as &quot;pronoun + to be + adjective&quot; and its variants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T00:11:06.213" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T00:11:06.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-18T14:55:08.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;252&lt;/strike&gt; 249 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ÁURYN le da gran poder no para usarlo, pues ni la Niña Emperatriz lo usa. Amparo y guía le será ÁURYN, mas no se meta en lo que vea pues sus ideas ya no valen. Por eso irá sin armas, dejará suceder. Tal como a ella, le será todo igual, bien y mal, bonito y feo, necio y sabio. Podrá averiguar pero no juzgar. ¡Recuérdelo, Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tratar de usted me ahorra 5 caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la versión original combinaba las primeras dos frases de forma que eliminaba el sujeto de la segunda, y la empleaba en vez el sujeto original de la tercera frase. Sin embargo, después de leer un comentario de blonfu me parecía conveniente leer &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_historia_interminable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la página de Wikipedia del cuento&lt;/a&gt;, y me di cuenta de que me había engañado el pasaje citado pues ÁURYN y la Emperatriz no son sinónimos. La traducción &lt;em&gt;Niña Emperatriz&lt;/em&gt; viene de esa página de Wikipedia. Me gustaría prescindir de la segunda &lt;em&gt;ÁURYN&lt;/em&gt;, pero sin sujeto explícito sería demasiado ambiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Serle amparo&lt;/em&gt; traduce &lt;em&gt;protect&lt;/em&gt;: mi primera idea era &lt;em&gt;serle aegis&lt;/em&gt; pero para mi sorpresa no lo encuentro en el DRAE. Es una palabra clásica que se utiliza tal cual en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Whatever comes your way&lt;/em&gt; sería más estrictamente &lt;em&gt;lo con que se tope&lt;/em&gt;, pero toparse con algo en el camino es más o menos lo mismo que sentirlo, y no me parece extravagante usar el sentido más relevante (la vista) como metónimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meterse&lt;/em&gt; es en el sentido 26 del DRAE: &lt;em&gt;Censurar o criticar algo o a alguien&lt;/em&gt;. Puesto que el pasaje repite la instrucción diciendo &quot;&lt;em&gt;never judge&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, entiendo que ese es el sentido de &lt;em&gt;interfere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dejará suceder&lt;/em&gt; igual podría optimizarse a &lt;em&gt;dejará pasar&lt;/em&gt;, pero las connotaciones de dar paso a los que bajan del bus o del metro son demasiadas fuertes para permitírmelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Search and inquire&lt;/em&gt; me parece una sola acción, la investigación, por lo cual &lt;em&gt;averiguar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T15:31:29.787" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T15:31:29.787" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-18T14:55:08.570" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2017-10-18T16:15:51.280" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una locución griega que se oye alguna vez es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molon_labe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;molon labe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Según la leyenda, cuando el rey persa Jerjes exigió a los espartanos que entregaran sus armas, la respuesta del rey espartano Leónidas fue esa (más o menos, &lt;em&gt;ven a buscarlas&lt;/em&gt;). Esta frase está inscrita en el pedestal del monumento a Leónidas que hay en el lugar donde antiguamente estaba el desfiladero de las Termópilas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u1Zpq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u1Zpqm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan escueta respuesta es una muestra del estilo lacónico, palabra derivada, precisamente, del gentilicio de Laconia, la región donde estaba situada Esparta. Los espartanos eran, al parecer, poco amigos de hablar mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente he leído esta frase escrita por algún independentista catalán, ante la exigencia del gobierno central español de que entregaran las urnas y papeletas que se iban a usar en el referéndum del pasado 1 de octubre. Lo que pasó o dejó de pasar a continuación ya se sale del ámbito de un foro dedicado al lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T07:37:05.810" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T07:37:05.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22796" CreationDate="2017-10-18T20:33:41.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find at least three possible structures in Spanish to enable the coupling of an adjective with a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjective + &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + objective/subjective pronoun (according to the pronoun involved): &lt;em&gt;Pobre de mí / Pobres de nosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &quot;Poor me/Poor us&quot; interpretation seems to apply only to the first person. In the second and third persons, it sounds like a threat, at least in my country: &lt;em&gt;Pobre de ti / Pobre de él&lt;/em&gt; (You have/He has no idea what is in store for you/him.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; + noun denoting the emotion/situation in question + article + possessive pronoun (referring back to the noun): Lucky you: &lt;em&gt;Qué suerte la tuya&lt;/em&gt;. Another possible way to express this is the more emphatic: &lt;em&gt;Tú sí que eres afortunado / Tú sí que tienes suerte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The more formal: &lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; + adjective + &lt;em&gt;de (possessive) parte&lt;/em&gt;. Example: &lt;em&gt;Qué tonto de mi parte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T20:33:41.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-19T02:39:29.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;248&lt;/s&gt; 224 Caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Auryn te da mucho poder... guardalo. La Reina Niña no lo usa. Auryn te guía y cuida, no cambiés lo que te pase, tu opinión no vale en ese instante. Ve sin armas, que ocurra todo, neutro ante bien o mal, bello o feo, tonto o sagaz, como la Reina Niña. Podés escudriñar, sin juzgar. ¡Acordate Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a vosear para mermar los 225... (y creo que algunos lanzarán la carta de menos de 200 caracteres mientras duermo...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El poder, si no se usa... guardémoslo (para botarlo, creo que tendría que usarlo sobre algo...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es mejor ir sin armas que desarmado (1 caracter)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atreyu debe dejar que cualquier cosa ocurra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El significado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GMDQp1e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Escudriñar&lt;/a&gt;, da a entender que investiga y pregunta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier otra duda, bienvenida... en caso de copia involuntaria (vi caracteres, &#xA;no textos) ya veré como arreglo el texto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-10-22T20:39:16.287" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T20:39:16.287" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-19T02:39:29.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-19T06:40:42.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;271 268 233 226 216 184&lt;/s&gt; 166 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AURYN  te cuida, guía y da poder. La Emperatriz Infantil no usa el&#xA;suyo, no juzga bueno, bello, necio y sus opuestos, haz igual. Que&#xA;venga lo que deba, tu juicio no vale, así irás inerme. Busca e indaga.&#xA;¡Retenlo, Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;venir:&lt;/strong&gt; Suceder, acontecer o sobrevenir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inerme:&lt;/strong&gt; Que está sin armas (tal vez os suene de otro TG ;))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deja venir lo que deba:&lt;/strong&gt; Aquí resumos dos frases, por un lado &lt;em&gt;deja venir&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir que no se intervenga en las cosas y añadiendo &lt;em&gt;lo que deba&lt;/em&gt; me refiero a que pase lo que tenga que pasar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;retener:&lt;/strong&gt; Conservar en la memoria algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T14:17:49.057" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-19T06:40:42.193" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22825" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:03:35.293" Score="9" ViewCount="1474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always been taught that &quot;g&quot; in &lt;em&gt;ga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;go&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gu&lt;/em&gt; (or &quot;gu&quot; in &lt;em&gt;gue&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;gui&lt;/em&gt;) sounds the same, like English &quot;g&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But most online tutorials don't make the &quot;g&quot; quite audible, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://studyspanish.com/pronunciation/listen-and-repeat/letter_g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; (9th voice). It sounds like &quot;ahua&quot; or even &quot;ajua&quot;. Also the 4th voice &quot;guapo&quot; sounds like &quot;huapo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not exclusive to the link above, but I've always heard &quot;gua&quot; spoken like &quot;hua&quot;, everywhere, so I believe it's a special or &lt;em&gt;de facto&lt;/em&gt; rule. Anyway, it conflicts with what I've been taught.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where am I wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Please treat the Hs and Js in this post as Spanish H and J, i.e., H is silent and J sounds like /x/.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T05:16:21.683" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T05:16:21.683" Title="&quot;gua&quot; pronouncing like &quot;hua&quot; (silenced G)?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22810" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:04:39.960" Score="3" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;When watching the Olympic games or similar, international competitions, there are some abbreviations shown in the race registers that state the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DNS&lt;/strong&gt;: The participant did not start the race.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DNF&lt;/strong&gt;: The participant did not finish the race.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DSQ&lt;/strong&gt;: The participant was disqualified.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering, are there Spanish equivalents to these abbreviations when the competition is held in a national scope? If so, do these abbreviations depend on the country, or is there an international agreement between the Spanish-speaking countries? Or do they use the international, English abbreviations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T07:25:24.117" Title="Are there Spanish equivalents to the &quot;DNS&quot;, &quot;DNF&quot; and &quot;DSQ&quot; abbreviations for races?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;legislación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22809" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:25:24.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las abreviaturas que mencionas son las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Terminolog%C3%ADa_del_atletismo#Descalificaciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oficiales&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Internacional_de_Federaciones_de_Atletismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;International Association of Athletics Federations&lt;/a&gt; (IAAF).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Federaci%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Atletismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Federación Española de Atletismo&lt;/a&gt; (RFEA), como miembro de la IAAF a través de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Europea_de_Atletismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;European Athletic Association&lt;/a&gt; (EAA), hace uso de dicha terminología oficial en todas las competiciones que organiza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En competiciones a nivel local para &lt;em&gt;amateurs&lt;/em&gt; o simplemente festivas, puede que se utilicen otras abreviaturas, pero serían abreviaturas &lt;em&gt;ad hoc&lt;/em&gt; para entenderse entre las 3 o 4 personas que organicen el evento y ya está.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo, en los &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mychip.es/resultado/xxxiii-carrera-popular-villa-de-aranjuez-33/not_finished&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resultados de la XXXIII Carrera Popular &quot;Villa de Aranjuez&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, en vez de &quot;DNF&quot; ponen simplemente &quot;RETIRADO&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T07:25:24.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22812" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:38:16.320" Score="12" ViewCount="2417" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;No hay tu tía&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; roughly means that there's no way to do something.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, &quot;tía&quot; on its own means &quot;aunt&quot;, and &quot;there's no aunt of yours&quot; is kind of a... weird? way to express such a concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=ZoWtFfy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE entry for &quot;tía&quot;&lt;/a&gt; says nothing about this saying or meaning, hence my question: &lt;strong&gt;where does &lt;em&gt;&quot;No hay tu tía&quot;&lt;/em&gt; come from, and how did it end up with that meaning?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-09-24T15:32:03.013" LastActivityDate="2020-09-24T15:32:03.013" Title="Where does the expression &quot;no hay tu tía&quot; come from?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22811" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:45:14.923" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You won't find that in the DLE under &lt;em&gt;tía&lt;/em&gt;, but under &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=azZlqGW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. The tutía or &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atut%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;atutía&lt;/a&gt; was a healing salve used in ancient times, so &lt;em&gt;no hay tutía&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;there is no remedy for that&lt;/em&gt;. Of course, &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt; came in disuse long time ago, so nowadays nobody remembers it and the idiom evolved into &lt;em&gt;no hay tu tía&lt;/em&gt;, which is quite meaningless, but at least uses familiar words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T07:45:14.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22811" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:47:36.460" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a very popular and common misunderstanding. The word originally was &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;atutía&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4MUqCuX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atutía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ár. hisp. &lt;em&gt;attutíyya&lt;/em&gt;, este del ár. clás. &lt;em&gt;tūtiyā[']&lt;/em&gt;, y este del&#xA;  sánscr. &lt;em&gt;tuttha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Óxido de cinc, generalmente impurificado con otras sales metálicas, que, a modo de costra dura y de color gris, se adhiere a&#xA;  los conductos y chimeneas de los hornos donde se tratan minerales de&#xA;  cinc o se fabrica latón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ungüento medicinal hecho con atutía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression has its origins in the shortened form &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt;, as is stated by the DLE itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=azZlqGW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no hay tutía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;no hay tu tía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;La var. &lt;em&gt;no hay tu tía&lt;/em&gt;, falsa separación de &lt;em&gt;no hay tutía&lt;/em&gt;, en ambos&#xA;    casos con el sentido figurado de 'no hay remedio', porque la tutía se&#xA;    empleaba con fines medicinales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. coloq. U. para dar a entender a alguien que no debe tener esperanza de conseguir lo que desea o de evitar lo que teme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The funny thing is that the expression soon came to be expressed as &lt;em&gt;tu tía&lt;/em&gt;. There is only one case in the CORDE with &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt;, in the form &quot;no hubo tutía&quot;, dating from 1870. But there are several cases with &lt;em&gt;tu tía&lt;/em&gt;, ranging from 1797 to the 20th century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for that is that the &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt; remedy was obsolete from the very beginnings of the saying. Texts with the word &lt;em&gt;tutia&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt; can be found in the CORDE from the 13th to the 17th centuries, but not after that date:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del segundo grado del signo de capricornio es la piedra a que dizen &lt;strong&gt;tutia&lt;/strong&gt; uerde que es llamada marina Et la minera desta es en ribera de la mar de tierra de cin. [...] Del tercero grado del signo de capricornio es la piedra de la &lt;strong&gt;tutia&lt;/strong&gt; amariella a que llaman espannola.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;Lapidario&quot;, c 1250 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quando ya las viruelas están desecadas, para que se acaven de caer y quitar, se usará del azeyte rosado o del ungüento rosado, y si uviere algo que abajar o emparejar en las voquillas y llagas, mézclese con esto dicho el ungüento blanco y litargirio, y si se usare del azeyte violado y rosado con polvos de litargirio y &lt;strong&gt;tutia&lt;/strong&gt; preparada, con un poco de alcanphor y alvayalde, con el buen discurso del médico y conforme a la disposición del paciente, creo hará maravillosos effectos y acabará de derribar las viruelas, y emparejará el rostro quitando los hoyos y señales que tuviere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manuel de Escobar, &quot;Tratado de la esencia, causa y curación de los bubones y carbuncos pestilentes&quot;, 1600 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T11:11:34.313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T11:11:34.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22808" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:50:34.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right. It seems to be a dialectal pronunciation of the group /gu̯a/. There's some kind of elision/dissimilation of the two velar sounds /gu̯/ so only the vowel remains. To be honest, I as a native wouldn't have noticed if I wasn't paying close attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, the normal pronunciation should include the /g/ sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T07:50:34.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22816" CreationDate="2017-10-19T08:07:14.420" Score="3" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most all Spanish racing blogs and news stations use the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pole&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; to mean that a driver will start a race from the 1st position of the grid, ahead of everybody else.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Even in their speech, Spanish sports commentators use the word with a Spanish pronunciation, like &lt;code&gt;\ˈpō-le\&lt;/code&gt; instead of English &lt;code&gt;\ˈpōl \&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Examples:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://as.com/motor/2017/10/07/formula_1/1507361140_525323.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Décima pole de Hamilton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundodeportivo.com/motor/motogp/20171014/432044977530/marquez-perdimos-la-pole-pero-entendimos-otras-cosas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Márquez: &quot;Perdimos la pole pero entendimos otras cosas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Video: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilDJxLjkLQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Una pole surrealista&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm so used to hear it, that I was actually surprised when I found out that &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=pole&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the DLE does not recognize it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I look up translations of &quot;pole&quot;, I just find words like &quot;poste&quot;, &quot;barra&quot;, &quot;mástil&quot; etc. -- nothing related to racing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;is there an Spanish word that can be used instead of &quot;pole&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; Meaning specifically &quot;first starting place&quot;, not just &quot;first place&quot;. Short expressions (2-3 words) may make it too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Not that I think we should stop using &quot;pole&quot;, everybody understands it and it will get accepted into the DLE sooner or later (like e.g. &lt;em&gt;córner&lt;/em&gt;). But it'd be nice to find some alternatives :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T22:01:59.723" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T22:01:59.723" Title="What Spanish word(s) could be used to translate &quot;pole&quot; / &quot;pole position&quot; as used in Formula 1 or MotoGP?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22815" CreationDate="2017-10-19T08:50:41.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the English Wikipedia &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The term has its origins in horse racing, in which the fastest qualifying horse would be placed on the inside part of the course, next to the pole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need a word which applies to that sort of pole, a tall thin one stuck in the ground or secured to the rails. I would suggest &lt;em&gt;poste&lt;/em&gt; looks good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &lt;em&gt;poste&lt;/em&gt; is used in horse racing in Spanish for the poles which mark the distances&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con trece aspirantes al triunfo desde el poste de los 2.500 metros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/deportes/abci-carreras-caballos-sigue-directo-jornada-hipodromo-zarzuela-201707021004_noticia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.abc.es/deportes/abci-carreras-caballos-sigue-directo-jornada-hipodromo-zarzuela-201707021004_noticia.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I assume means that there were still 13 horses in the running at the 2500 metre post (or 12 furlong or mile and a quarter post as we would say in the UK).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T12:14:34.087" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T12:14:34.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22815" CreationDate="2017-10-19T09:20:15.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primer puesto&lt;/strong&gt; springs to mind and seems to be confirmed by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.pe/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=pole%20position&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The examples given there are about nations' positions in global economy, but in a race to &lt;em&gt;start from pole position&lt;/em&gt; could be translated &lt;em&gt;salir desde el primer puesto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17694" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T09:20:15.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22815" CreationDate="2017-10-19T09:21:15.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;pole position&lt;/em&gt; es la &lt;strong&gt;primera posición&lt;/strong&gt; de la parrilla de salida (o grilla de partida, en algunos países de América).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/formula-1-extranjerismos-innecesarios/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference: Fundeu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T11:28:23.493" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:28:23.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22819" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22820" CreationDate="2017-10-19T09:44:14.163" Score="3" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very common in technical documentation to read things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If a business is following the rules and regulations promulgated by the International Organization for Standardization, it is said to be &lt;strong&gt;ISO compliant&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://smallbusiness.chron.com/iso-compliant-61481.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, this has emerged as a recurrent adjective for random and funny things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please, could you write this document in a &lt;strong&gt;newbie's compliant&lt;/strong&gt; way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, to indicate that it is useful for the given target.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if Spanish has any adjective like this. &quot;Obediente&quot;, &quot;dócil&quot; and &quot;sumiso&quot; are the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=compliant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suggestions by WordReference&lt;/a&gt; but they sound more appropriate for a dominance game than to indicate connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T09:54:52.880" Title="How can we expres the &quot;compliant&quot; adjective in technical vocabulary in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22819" CreationDate="2017-10-19T09:54:52.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IATE&lt;/a&gt;, una posible traducción podría ser &quot;conforme&quot;, y más concretamente su locución preposicional &quot;conforme a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AGVKXui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conforme a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. Con arreglo a, a tenor de, en proporción o correspondencia a, de la misma suerte o manera que.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, tu primer ejemplo quedaría &quot;conforme a ISO&quot; o &quot;conforme a la normativa ISO&quot;. Este adjetivo tiene además la connotación de sumisión que comentas, dado que &lt;em&gt;conforme&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;que se resigna y es paciente ante la adversidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo malo es que este adjetivo no me parece adecuado para el segundo ejemplo, para el cual yo usaría más bien algo así como &quot;adaptado para novatos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T09:54:52.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22811" CreationDate="2017-10-19T10:44:15.360" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complete &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22812/1674&quot;&gt;Gorpik's&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22813/1674&quot;&gt;Charlie's&lt;/a&gt; excellent answers, let's check what &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=no%20hay%20tu%20t%C3%ADa%2Cno%20hay%20tut%C3%ADa&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cno%20hay%20tu%20t%C3%ADa%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cno%20hay%20tut%C3%ADa%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram Viewer shows&lt;/a&gt; upon searching for both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no hay tu tía (blue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no hay tutía (red)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DRWAa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DRWAa.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the version of &lt;em&gt;tu tía&lt;/em&gt; (blue) has gotten more hits over the years and now it is the one commonly used (despite a little peak of &lt;em&gt;tutía&lt;/em&gt; out of late).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This reminds me about the expression &lt;em&gt;motu proprio&lt;/em&gt;, which is usually and wrongly written as &lt;em&gt;(de) motu propio&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/motu-proprio-no-de-motu-propio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu reported it&lt;/a&gt;) and the graph shows how &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=motu%20propio%2Cmotu%20proprio&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmotu%20propio%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmotu%20proprio%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;they are nowadays used equally&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T11:28:01.430" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:28:01.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22826" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:13:28.367" Score="5" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking for the etymology of the word &lt;em&gt;ensamblar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. At first I looked at what the DLE says, but it only says that it comes from the Old French &lt;em&gt;ensembler&lt;/em&gt;. So looking at other dictionaries, I finally found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etymonline.com/word/assemble&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this information&lt;/a&gt; about the English verb &quot;assemble&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] from Old French &lt;em&gt;assembler&lt;/em&gt; &quot;come together, join, unite; gather&quot; (11c.), from Latin &lt;em&gt;assimulare&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to make like, liken, compare; copy, imitate; feign, pretend,&quot; later &quot;to gather together,&quot; from assimilated form of &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to&quot; (see ad-) + &lt;em&gt;simulare&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to make like,&quot; from stem of &lt;em&gt;similis&lt;/em&gt; &quot;like, resembling, of the same kind&quot; (see similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what really amused me was the following bit of information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Middle English and in Old French it also was a euphemism for &quot;to couple sexually.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now we know what was meant by &quot;I'm going to assemble my husband tonight&quot;. But the euphemism is said to be used in Old French and Middle English. So was this also applied to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/a&gt;? After all, the word &lt;em&gt;ensamblar&lt;/em&gt; already appears in Spanish dictionaries from the 16th century, so it was probably used before that. If not, was there any known euphemism for the sexual act that was used in Old Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T12:46:30.797" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T13:17:43.953" Title="What euphemisms were there in Old Spanish to speak about the sexual act?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22823" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Guatemala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Guatemala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22824" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Guatemala / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Guatemala." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:29:27.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22808" CreationDate="2017-10-19T12:54:07.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not hearing wrong. Spanish /g/ sounds different according to its position in the word; in technical terms, it has several phonetical realizations or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;allophones&lt;/a&gt;. The basic sound is what in English is called a &quot;hard G&quot;, that it, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_velar_stop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiced velar stop&lt;/a&gt; [g]. This is the usual pronunciation of /g/ at the beginning of words and after most consonants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Spanish /g/ between vowels is pronounced [ɣ], a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_velar_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiced velar fricative&lt;/a&gt;. This is what you hear as close to [h] or [x] in the example with the word &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; (and others). Some people and/or dialects further weaken this fricative to an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_velar_approximant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;approximant&lt;/a&gt;, especially in fast, careless speech, and some may even elide it altogether. This weakening is always clear between vowels, but sometimes takes place also after liquids (/l/, /r/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be understood if you pronounce a hard G between vowels, but to native ears it will sound a bit too strong, almost like /k/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same thing that happens to /g/ happens also to /b/ and /d/ between vowels (see the relevant section on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Consonants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish phonology&lt;/a&gt; in Wikipedia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing you noticed is that /g/ before a dipthong that begins with /u/ (phonetically [gw]) tends to get reduced as well. This is not universal. As Paco says in another answer, the two velar sounds seem to be interacting and the /g/ is dropped while the [w] is strengthened a bit. It is also common to find the opposite phenomenon: [w] by itself turning into [gw] at the beginning of words (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prothesis_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prothesis&lt;/a&gt;): people will say [gweβo] for &lt;em&gt;huevo&lt;/em&gt;, for example, and even write &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/hueveo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güebeo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;hueveo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This back-and-forth between [g] and [w] is how the Quechua word &lt;em&gt;wanaku&lt;/em&gt; got borrowed into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanaco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guanaco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. It is also (going farther back) how the modern Spanish word &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt; &quot;war&quot; was derived from Proto-Germanic *&lt;em&gt;werra&lt;/em&gt;: first a prothetic [g] was added, and then [gw] was simplified to [g] in some Romance languages (like Spanish) but not in others (like Italian).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T17:40:37.887" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T17:40:37.887" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22822" CreationDate="2017-10-19T13:17:43.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of my head, I know that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ayuntarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was one of them. In fact it still appears in the DLE with that meaning, although marked as &amp;quot;desus&amp;quot; (not used anymore):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=ayuntar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ayuntar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Der. del ant. ayunto 'junta', y este del lat. adiunctus 'junto'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. desus. Realizar el coito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of its use c. 1400:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E veyendose el muy fuerte enflamado e cabtivado para pecar, e los sus pensamientos para salut de la moça e para conversion a Dios, puestas asy commo manjar en anzuelo, era çerca del fazimiento, e los enemigos, faziendole entender que non era pecado por la salud del alma &lt;strong&gt;ayuntarse&lt;/strong&gt; una vez a la moger, llorando la mengua de la su alma, somitiendo a sy mismo, luego se torno a la oraçion (...)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Anónimo, &lt;em&gt;Barlaam e Josafat (manuscrito S)&lt;/em&gt;, c. 1400.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Item saluia motañesa, dada&#xA;a comer a los puercos monteses, o a&#xA;qualesquier otros animales, quando&#xA;quieren &lt;strong&gt;ayuntarse&lt;/strong&gt;, luego se empreñara:&#xA;o los poluos de los genitales del&#xA;puerco que nunca fue castrado: si jelos&#xA;dieres a beuer en vino a la mujer, quando se enxuga del mestruo, le aprouechara&#xA;para concebir.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Anónimo, &lt;em&gt;Traducción del Compendio de la humana salud de Johannes de Ketham&lt;/em&gt;, c. 1400-1500.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T13:17:43.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22827" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Euphemism: the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eufemismo: manifestación suave o decorosa de ideas cuya recta y franca expresión sería dura o malsonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22828" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" Score="0" Body="Questions asking for or about the use of euphemisms. || Preguntas sobre el uso de eufemismos." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T13:28:59.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-19T14:24:19.043" Score="4" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;While answering another question I used the English word furlong which is obsolete in usage, at least in the UK, except for in horse racing. This set me thinking about Spanish usage. For instance I remember colleagues referring to different sizes of floppy discs using the term &lt;em&gt;pulgada&lt;/em&gt; but that I suppose is really because they were originally named in inches in English and converting to an exact number of millimetres would have been absurd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a long list of candidates in the Spanish edition of Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiguas_medidas_espa%C3%B1olas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Are any of these still in popular use? I think we should probably exclude any which are only used in a stock phrase like the English phrase &quot;To hide one's light under a bushel&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be best if there is an example of a whole area of application which has clung to the old system like the example of horse racing in the UK which still uses the old terms for both weight and length.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T14:56:58.253" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T17:01:18.553" Title="Are any of the pre-metric terms for weights and measures still used in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-19T15:12:30.813" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanega&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fanega&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is still used in private contracts between rural land owners when buying or selling land.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this because I have copies of one such contract, from the 90s, for the renting of 3 &lt;em&gt;fanegas&lt;/em&gt; of land; and I doubt that contract is &quot;one of a kind&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sadly, I can't get a picture of the contract right now (I might update later with one).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternate source, I found this forum with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agroterra.com/foro/foros/olivar-f6/arrendamiento-t16685.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;people discussing land renting prices in &lt;em&gt;pesetas&lt;/em&gt; per &lt;em&gt;fanega&lt;/em&gt; in 2011&lt;/a&gt;. Same forum, another user looking to sell &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agroterra.com/foro/foros/olivar-f6/arrendamiento-de-olivar-t22390.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;an 18 &lt;em&gt;fanegas&lt;/em&gt; olive-tree terrain&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T15:12:30.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22835" CreationDate="2017-10-19T18:10:37.253" Score="4" ViewCount="2749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Colombia, cuando algo &lt;em&gt;vale huevo&lt;/em&gt; significa que vale muy poco, o que no es importante. Ejemplo de ello es este titular de un periodico en internet: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elespectador.com/opinion/la-investigacion-vale-huevo-columna-683687&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La investigación vale huevo&lt;/a&gt;, donde se critica la falta de atención que hay respecto a la investigación en el país. Supongo que la analogía con el huevo se hace porque es un alimento relativamente barato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me encontré con una expresión muy parecida, que tengo ententido que es usada en España: &amp;quot;valer un huevo&amp;quot;. Encontré al menos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Vale%20un%20huevo.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; que significa valer mucho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en España&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que es algo que cuesta mucho dinero o que cuesta mucho esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quieres comprar esa casa?, no creo que te alcance, esa casa vale un huevo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De donde viene el significado de valer mucho para &amp;quot;valer un huevo&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T02:26:06.837" Title="¿Por qué es diferente &quot;valer huevo&quot; que &quot;valer un huevo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22832" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22833" CreationDate="2017-10-19T23:39:01.087" Score="6" ViewCount="2121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es fácil encontrar parejas de sustantivos masculino/femenino cuyos significados evolucionaron en distintas direcciones y terminaron refiriéndose a cosas más o menos distintas. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;suela/suelo, puerta/puerto&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gorra/gorro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé que con el número gramatical ocurría lo mismo en la pareja &lt;strong&gt;la paz&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;las paces&lt;/strong&gt;, considerando que el singular se refiere a la &quot;ausencia de guerra&quot;, y el plural se refiere a una &quot;reconciliación&quot;. Sin embargo, el diccionario me aclaró que el singular también significa &quot;reconciliación&quot;, por lo que el ejemplo finalmente no me sirve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conocen ejemplos de parejas de palabras singular/plural que hayan evolucionado en distintas direcciones hasta significar cosas más o menos distintas? Es decir, palabras que tengan la forma gramatical de plural pero que no signifiquen lo mismo que sus formas singulares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T06:19:20.183" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T07:24:44.893" Title="¿Existen palabras plurales que signifiquen algo distinto de sus respectivos singulares?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22832" CreationDate="2017-10-19T23:49:29.813" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen algunos ejemplos (no perfectos, más bien parecidos al tuyo de paz/paces) como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Celo/celos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8A737TG%7C8A7sRXS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Celo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; puede tener los significados de &quot;cuidado y diligencia&quot; o &quot;cinta adhesiva&quot;, pero &quot;celos&quot; en plural es la envidia a lo ajeno. Incluso para describir el celo (cuidado y diligencia) de varias personas no usarías &quot;los celos de A, B y C&quot;. Comparando&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;celos&lt;/em&gt; con los que Marta, María y Miranda cuidaban de sus bebés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;frente a &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;celo&lt;/em&gt; con el que Marta, María y Miranda cuidaban de sus bebés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera entendería que se trata de &lt;em&gt;envidia&lt;/em&gt; (por ejemplo a otra madre que tiene más recursos o ayuda para cuidar de su bebé). En la segunda me queda claro que se refiere a &quot;cuidado y diligencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este por otro lado no es un ejemplo perfecto, ya que &quot;celo&quot; tiene varios significados y para referirte a la cinta adhesiva podrías decir perfectamente &quot;pásame ese celo/pásame esos celos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Humanidad/Humanidades&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KnPZIuF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Humanidad&lt;/a&gt;&quot; se refiere a la naturaleza humana, pero &quot;humanidades&quot; se refiere a los ámbitos no científicos del saber como literatura, arte e historia. No te puedes referir a cada una de esas ciencias como una &quot;humanidad&quot; si no al conjunto como &quot;humanidades&quot; aunque de nuevo el ejemplo no es perfecto, ya que &quot;humanidades&quot; puede ser también el plural de &quot;humanidad&quot; como colectivo de la raza humana o conjunto de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letra/letras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una letra es uno de los símbolos que usamos para escribir, pero &quot;letras&quot; es sinónimo de &quot;Humanidades&quot;. De nuevo, el mismo problema. Puedes estudiar una carrera &quot;de letras&quot;. Estás forzado a usar el plural. Sin embargo &quot;letras&quot; puede ser también el plural de la letra como símbolo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T00:28:45.753" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T00:28:45.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-20T00:22:03.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile, wholesale flour is still sold per &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quintal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, in cotton or paper bags of approximately 46 kilograms. However, this measure no longer exists in the new sacks of plastic mesh, so now we also buy &quot;&lt;em&gt;quintal de 40 kilos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;em&gt;quintal de 50 kilos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (that is, in metric units).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In southern Chile, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;almud&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is still used, which is a rather arbitrary measure of the volume of potatoes and other farm products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T00:22:03.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22831" CreationDate="2017-10-20T02:26:06.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa referencia a &amp;quot;huevo&amp;quot; en España es a los testículos. En España se usa mucho huevo como &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=43097&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinónimo de &amp;quot;testículo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;  aunque también hay quien indica (mismo enlace) que puede deberse al alto contenido proteínico de los huevos, que en ciertos momentos de la historia de España eran un bien muy preciado (alguna vez has oído lo de &amp;quot;Cuando seas padre comerás huevos&amp;quot;? Esto se decía porque los huevos, que era caros y valiosos, se solían reservar para el padre en las familias humildes, porque era el que tenía la responsabilidad de trabajar y obtener sustento para el resto de la familia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se observa mejor cuando a la expresión se le añade la coletilla &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;y parte del otro&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venga, que me aburro un huevo y buena parte del otro (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.meneame.net/notame/tnt80/2473702&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Menéame&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Costó un huevo y parte del otro (&lt;a href=&quot;http://termbank.com/es/espanol-ingles/costo%20un%20huevo%20y%20parte%20del%20otro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;termbank&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha costado un huevo y parte del otro ver el problema (&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/costar-un-huevo.1240864/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta última web uno de los comentarios aclara (o aventura) que el origen está en expresiones similares como &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;cuesta un ojo de la cara&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;cuesta un riñón&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, que aluden a órganos valiosos, muy queridos o incluso de elevado coste económico en el caso de un transplante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de Colombia (y otros países) &amp;quot;huevo&amp;quot; tiene en cambio la connotación de &amp;quot;barato&amp;quot; o incluso fácil. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20586/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cómo adquirió “poner a huevo” el significado de “fácil”?&lt;/a&gt; Carlos Alejo aclara que el precio de huevo es barato, y de ahí la asociación con &amp;quot;fácil&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy que los huevos se venden por piezas y, de dos pesetas en adelante, no podemos concebir que hubo un tiempo en que tenían un precio tan bajo que, así como lo muy costoso se compraba a peso de oro, lo que costaba poco o casi nada se decía que estaba a huevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Julio Casares, &amp;quot;Introducción a la Lexicografía moderna&amp;quot;, 1950 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y debido a esas diferentes asociaciones (en unos países es el huevo literal y en España hace referencia al testículo) en diferentes países la expresión tiene distinto significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T02:26:06.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22808" CreationDate="2017-10-20T04:12:29.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is very simple. For some people G and H sounds almost the same in the cases you are mentioning. I know it is perplexing (&quot;They don't sound the same!&quot; -you could say) but that is how it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One other example I can say is that for some people &quot;ll&quot; and &quot;y&quot; sounds the same. It is called &quot;yeismo&quot; I think&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17932" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T04:12:29.837" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22832" CreationDate="2017-10-20T06:37:55.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para responder a tu pregunta, basta con buscar entradas en el diccionario que tengan acepciones marcadas con la abreviatura &quot;pl.&quot;, como pasa con la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KnPZIuF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;humanidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, en la que para las dos últimas acepciones se indica que se debe usar en plural, adquiriendo así un significado distinto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;pl.&lt;/strong&gt; Conjunto de disciplinas que giran en torno al ser humano, como la literatura, la filosofía o la historia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;pl.&lt;/strong&gt; Antiguamente, lengua y literatura clásicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, se da el caso de que hay palabras cuyo significado en plural es tan diferente que incluso tienen su propia entrada en el diccionario. Se vio el caso de &lt;em&gt;brío/bríos&lt;/em&gt;, pero ese lo considero más bien una casualidad. Pero aquí tienes otro más claro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2xd4gJa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antojitos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;antojo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Méx. Pequeñas porciones de masa de maíz, cocinadas de formas diversas y acompañadas de ingredientes variados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada del diccionario está recogida directamente en plural, y se deriva del diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;antojo&lt;/em&gt;. Se comprueba pues que el plural de la palabra &lt;em&gt;antojo&lt;/em&gt; ha sufrido en México una derivación para pasar a significar algo diferente de lo que la palabra en singular expresa (aquí se usa mucho el diminutivo &quot;antojito&quot; para hablar de &quot;antojo&quot; en su acepción de &quot;mancha en la piel de una persona&quot;, es decir, de las marcas de nacimiento, sobre todo cuando se las ves a un bebé recién nacido). En todo caso, es cierto que incluso en este caso, se puede hablar de &quot;antojitos&quot; para las marcas de nacimiento si hay más de una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; la marca &quot;pl&quot; encontramos muchos otros ejemplos: &lt;em&gt;deportivas&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;zapatillas de deporte&quot; en España), &lt;em&gt;gabrieles&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;garbanzos del cocido&quot;, nada que ver con el nombre propio), &lt;em&gt;asimétricas&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;paralelas asimétricas&quot; en contextos deportivos), &lt;em&gt;extremadas&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tiempo en el que los ganaderos están ocupados haciendo queso&quot;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T07:24:44.893" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T07:24:44.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-20T07:20:46.790" Score="4" ViewCount="2692" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo cuando estudiaba Lenguaje en el colegio que nos enseñaron que &quot;qué es lo que&quot; era un galicismo, proveniente de la construcción francesa &quot;qu'est-ce que&quot;, y que se debía evitar. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que quieres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;debería ser en español sencillamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, buscando &quot;qué es lo que&quot; en el CORDE, me salen más de 3300 casos en más de 1200 documentos, lo que indica que es algo muy común en nuestro idioma. Ejemplos (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; cosa &lt;strong&gt;es lo que&lt;/strong&gt; fue? Aquello mismo que á de venir. ¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué es lo que&lt;/strong&gt; es fecho? Aquello que se á de fazer de cabo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;General Estoria. Tercera parte&quot;, 1280 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero, dejando esto aparte, ¿&lt;strong&gt;qué es lo que&lt;/strong&gt; ha de comer vuestra merced en tanto que yo vuelvo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1605 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pero eso es absurdo. Yo... Dime &lt;strong&gt;qué es lo que&lt;/strong&gt; te ha molestado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carmen Martín Gaite, &quot;Entre visillos&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos estos casos se podría haber simplemente suprimido la parte de &quot;es lo que&quot; y dejar simplemente el &quot;qué&quot; inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué dice la RAE al respecto? ¿Es realmente un galicismo esta construcción o es propia de nuestro idioma? El hecho de que haya casos tan antiguos me hace dudar de si es un galicismo o si proviene de alguna construcción del latín vulgar. Si es un galicismo, ¿está hoy día aceptado por la RAE o sigue siendo algo a evitar? ¿Existe algún caso en el que el uso de &quot;qué es lo que&quot; no se pueda simplificar como en los ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, veo que de los 3300 casos, un 83% son de textos de España. Lo que no sé es si esto indica que en el CORDE la mayoría de textos registrados son de España, o si realmente en Hispanoamérica no se usa tanto esta construcción. ¿Se usa con frecuencia allí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T12:06:57.527" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T13:40:05.443" Title="¿Es &quot;qué es lo que&quot; un galicismo? ¿Está aceptado?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22841" CreationDate="2017-10-20T07:45:14.963" Score="3" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there are a lot of compound words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RqaLq7W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paraguas&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;parar&quot; + &quot;aguas&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ux77yGR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quitamanchas&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;quitar&quot; + &quot;manchas&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RpH4CZi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paracaídas&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;parar&quot; + &quot;caídas&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common thing among them is that the noun part is always in plural form. So I wonder, are there any compound words in Spanish (in the form &quot;verb+noun&quot;) with the noun expressed in singular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T08:21:22.857" Title="Are there any compound words (verb+noun) with the noun in singular?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22843" CreationDate="2017-10-20T08:07:24.790" Score="5" ViewCount="463" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué significa «p.º»?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw this abbreviation for the first time in a prep book for a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DELE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera (DELE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; B2 exam.  Ordinarily, I might have just added it to my box of unsolved mysteries (few and far between thanks to the Spanish Language StackExchange), but since having failed the exam, I am now going over the preparation material with a fine-toothed comb.  I have looked high and low for this particular abbreviation to no avail.  Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vi esta abreviatura por primera vez en un libro de preparación para un examen del DELE B2.  Normalmente, puede que lo haya añadido a mi caja de misterios sin resolver (contadísimas gracias al Spanish Language Stack Exchange), pero desde que fallé el examen, estoy repasando los materiales minuciosamente.  He buscado esta abreviatura en particular por todas partes, en vano.  ¿Alguna idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T02:35:46.793" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T02:35:46.793" Title="What does &quot;p.º&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22839" CreationDate="2017-10-20T08:21:22.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A couple examples come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=quemarropa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quemarropa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;quemar&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt;: close range, like in shots fired so close to someone that they leave burn marks in their clothes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=cubrecama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cubrecama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;cubrir&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;cama&lt;/em&gt;: bed cover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T08:21:22.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22849" CreationDate="2017-10-20T09:35:05.077" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El empate se mantuvo hasta el minuto 85, cuando en una jugada a balón parado Fernando marcó el gol con el que el equipo finalmente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ganaría&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el partido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is quoted from some sports news I heard the other day on the radio, about a soccer match that was played the day before.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard this use of the conditional many, many times, but I just realized: the team &lt;em&gt;did&lt;/em&gt; win the match, and this was a known fact for the sports commentator. I would have expected using past simple instead, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El empate se mantuvo hasta el minuto 85, cuando en una jugada a balón parado Fernando marcó el gol con el que el equipo finalmente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ganó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; el partido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the use of the conditional tense in &lt;em&gt;ganaría&lt;/em&gt;, then?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Is it right to use the conditional to express &lt;em&gt;known&lt;/em&gt; past events?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:32:19.247" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:32:53.760" Title="Use of conditional tense to talk about past, non-conditional facts?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22840" CreationDate="2017-10-20T09:38:18.380" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando necesites conocer a qué hace referencia una abreviatura hay una lista bastante extensa en el DPD: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí verás que &lt;em&gt;p.º&lt;/em&gt; es abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;paseo&lt;/em&gt;. Se usa en los nombres de calles, al menos yo no conozco otros usos de esta abreviatura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P.º de Gracia → Paseo de Gracia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  P.º de San Vicente → Paseo de San Vicente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T09:45:29.723" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T09:45:29.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22846" CreationDate="2017-10-20T09:56:48.787" Score="4" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;An onomatopoeia is a word that represents a sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=onomatopeya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;onomatopeya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;onomatopoeia&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ὀνοματοποιΐα onomatopoiḯa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Formación de una palabra por imitación del sonido de aquello que designa. Muchas palabras como quiquiriquí han sido formadas por onomatopeya.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Palabra cuya forma fónica imita el sonido de aquello que designa; p. ej., runrún.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DLE has entries for some of this words, like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=bum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for the sound of an explosion, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=zas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;zas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for the sound of a hit (as debated in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22763/13628&quot;&gt;previous question&lt;/a&gt;), or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UvmGIAD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quiquiriquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for the Spanish version of &quot;cock-a-doodle-do!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DPD also has an &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official list of abbreviations&lt;/a&gt; were one could look up if an abbreviation is accepted. This is because I just can't go and say that &lt;em&gt;&quot;Prdnte.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;&quot;Presidente&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. I mean... I could, but no one would understand it, because the official abbreviation is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Pdte.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, I can't just go and say that &lt;em&gt;&quot;cracachof&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is the onomatopoeia for a tree cracking and falling into a lake. I could, but I don't think anybody would understand it without explanation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: &lt;strong&gt;is there an official list of recognized Spanish onomatopoeic words, like the one the DPD has for abbreviations?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T11:09:43.180" Title="Is there an official list of Spanish onomatopoeia?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22844" CreationDate="2017-10-20T10:33:21.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que por &quot;oficial&quot; te refieres a &quot;incluido en el DLE&quot;. Como en otros casos, aquí el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; viene muy bien. Las voces onomatopéyicas están marcadas como &quot;onomat.&quot;. Buscando y filtrando las voces de origen onomatopéyico, y ayudado por la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22onomat%20u%22%20site:rae.es&amp;amp;ei=18_pWd2hGOLPgAb2kZvIBA&amp;amp;start=10&amp;amp;sa=N&amp;amp;biw=1489&amp;amp;bih=595&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consulta en Google&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22844/is-there-an-official-list-of-spanish-onomatopoeia/22846#comment36675_22844&quot;&gt;de blonfu&lt;/a&gt;, he dado con la siguiente lista:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;achís (para el estornudo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be (para el balido de la cabra, la oveja o el carnero)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bla (repetida para imitar el ruido del habla ininterrumpida y previsible)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bum (para ruidos o explosiones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cataplum (para ruidos, explosiones o golpes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catapum (como &quot;cataplum&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chinchín (para el sonido de una banda de música, especialmente de los platillos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clac (para imitar un sonido seco y de breve duración)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clic (similar a &quot;clac&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clo (para imitar el sonido de la gallina clueca)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cloc (igual que &quot;clo&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crac (para el ruido de algo que se quiebra)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cricrí (para imitar el canto del grillo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;frufrú (para el ruido que produce el roce de la seda o de otra tela semejante)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fu (para el bufido del gato)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gluglú (para representar el ruido del agua al sumirse o dejar escapar el aire)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guau (para el ladrido del perro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hin (para el relincho del caballo o del mulo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;marramao (para el sonido del gato en época de celo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;miau (para el maullido del gato)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mu (para el toro y la vaca)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mua (para el sonido del beso)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;paf (para el ruido que hace alguien o algo al caer o chocar contra algún objeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pío (para el sonido de cualquier ave)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plof (para el ruido que hace alguien o algo al caer o chocar contra algún objeto)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quiquiriquí (para el canto del gallo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rataplán (para imitar el sonido del tambor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tictac (para el ruido acompasado de un reloj)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tras (para golpes con ruido)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zis (igual que &quot;zas&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zas (para el ruido de un golpe)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta lista faltarán muchas de las onomatopeyas que se usan cotidianamente para otras cosas. Hay que tener en cuenta que la RAE solo recoge palabras que aparecen en textos escritos, y no en el habla, que suele ser junto con los cómics el mejor medio para transmitir onomatopeyas. Ignoro si la RAE tiene en cuenta los cómics para la elaboración de su diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T11:09:43.180" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T11:09:43.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22838" CreationDate="2017-10-20T10:51:07.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://biblioteca.org.ar/libros/132480.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Galicismos&lt;/em&gt; de Rafael M. Baralt, de 1855&lt;/a&gt; [PDF], para la entrada de &quot;ESTO&quot; (pág. 142 del PDF) indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ESTO.- Cuando no sea en la frase española rigurosamente demostrativo, podemos estar seguros de que corresponde al pronombre francés indeclinable &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt;; en cuyo caso es redundante. V. gr.:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «¿Qué es esto que veo?» por &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué es lo que veo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que utiliza la construcción &quot;qué es lo que&quot; como ejemplo de lo que sería correcto en español.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario, en la entrada de &quot;QUE&quot; (la cual empieza en la página 333 del PDF y ocupa dos páginas y media), no se indica nada al respecto de dicha construcción; a pesar de que, tras leerla, cualquiera diría que TODOS los usos de &quot;que&quot; son galicismos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco he encontrado nada sobre tal expresión en otros tratados sobre galicismos que se pueden encontrar &lt;em&gt;online&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la vista de lo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;creo que la expresión &quot;qué es lo que&quot; no es un galicismo&lt;/strong&gt;, sino una expresión normal y corriente del español (y por tanto válida).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: A lo mejor resulta que es al revés: un españolismo adaptado al francés. Pero, aunque he buscado, no he podido encontrar &lt;em&gt;corpora&lt;/em&gt; históricos de francés que se puedan consultar gratuitamente para comparar fechas de primeros usos, así que no sabría decirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T10:51:07.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-20T11:47:45.023" Score="13" ViewCount="30875" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es muy común en el ámbito coloquial llamar &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tía&lt;/em&gt; a las personas. Tal y como se comentó en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/468/1674&quot;&gt;Does using &amp;quot;t&amp;#237;o&amp;quot; imply a negative opinion?&lt;/a&gt;, no tiene connotación negativa, sino más bien de &lt;em&gt;colegueo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y algunas acepciones al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona de quien se pondera algo bueno o malo. &lt;em&gt;Aquel tío ganó una millonada. ¡Qué tío más pelma! ¡Qué tía más lista!&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona cuyo nombre y condición se ignoran o no se quieren decir. &lt;em&gt;Nos recibió un tío con poca amabilidad.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona rústica y grosera.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. U. como apelativo para designar a un amigo o compañero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de hecho acabo de descubrir que el Diccionario de americanismos también lo recoge en Cuba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=t%C3%ADo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    a. ǁ    mi ~. fórm. &lt;em&gt;Cu.&lt;/em&gt; tío, para referirse a una persona adulta en tono de confianza.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ii. &lt;em&gt;Cu.&lt;/em&gt; Se usa para referirse a una persona adulta en tono de confianza. pop. ◆ mi tío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, se trata de reinterpretar el apelativo &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt;, que inicialmente sería para el hermano de uno de los padres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría pensar que en algún momento un tío joven podía ser alguien muy próximo (padre algo mayor con un hermano pequeño cuya diferencia de edad con su sobrino es bastante pequeña y se crea un ambiente de complicidad), pero me gustaría saber si hay algún tipo de origen claro sobre su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿por qué se usa solamente en Cuba y España? ¿Se entiende su connotación en países como Colombia, Argentina o México?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-28T11:45:38.150" LastActivityDate="2020-11-15T01:17:28.350" Title="¿Por qué &quot;tío&quot; designa cariñosamente a una persona próxima?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22842" CreationDate="2017-10-20T11:59:55.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conditional is used to express the future when the point of view is in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the narrator set the reference point at the moment of “marcar el gol”. “Ganar el partido” is in the future relative to it, but in the narrator's past, so the conditional is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a diagram to explain it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N = now, the moment the story is told&lt;br&gt;&#xA;R = reference point&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* = gol&lt;br&gt;&#xA;| = fin del partido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-----*-R-----|-----N---&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;marcó el gol con el que el equipo finalmente &lt;strong&gt;ganaría&lt;/strong&gt; el partido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-----*-------|-R---N---&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;marcó el gol con el que el equipo finalmente &lt;strong&gt;ganó&lt;/strong&gt; el partido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-----*-R--N--|---------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;marcó el gol con el que el equipo finalmente &lt;strong&gt;ganará&lt;/strong&gt; el partido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's similar in English, where you can say &lt;em&gt;“... scored the goal that &lt;strong&gt;would let&lt;/strong&gt; them win the game”&lt;/em&gt; or something like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more obvious with reported speech, where the reference point is automatically set at the moment the speech occurs, and it's not an optional stylistic device. There, you are forced to use conditional if the relative clause happens after the utterance but before the narration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4984/iba-a-infinitivo-con-valor-de-condicional/&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:32:53.760" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:32:53.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22838" CreationDate="2017-10-20T12:02:25.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, no sé si esto te ayuda, pero voy a comparar cuándo se usa cada variante en un contexto mexicano, que es lo que mejor conozco.  Quizás esto quedaría mejor como comentario, pero el formato de respuesta me queda mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escenario 1&lt;/strong&gt;. Un familiar me interrumpe cuando estoy por ejemplo en el teléfono, pero luego tarda en decirme de qué se trata.  Para ayudarle a llegar al grano, digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O si es mi suegra, que se crió en el campo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere Ud.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto implica un poco de impaciencia.  Lo puedo suavizar así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué querías? / ¿Qué quería Ud.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escenario 2&lt;/strong&gt;. Voy a ir al supermercado.  Estoy preparando mi lista.  Pregunto a cada familiar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres tú [del súper], Fulano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escenario 3&lt;/strong&gt;.  Una amiga me está contando algo de su hijo.  Expresa sus frustraciones, todo mezclado, con ciertas contradicciones.  Para ayudarla a identificar sus principales prioridades, le pregunto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es lo que quieres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escenario 4&lt;/strong&gt;.  La misma amiga me cuenta que su hijo aceptó una invitación del papá (que no vive con ellos), a pesar de que no la pasó bien las otras veces que visitó a su papá.  Le digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres?  Es natural que siga buscando al papá de sus fantasías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un contexto formal, &quot;Qué&quot; se podría oir un poco seco.  &quot;¿Qué quieres?&quot;, de un profesor universitario, por ejemplo, no se oiría nada bien.  Y en una tienda, van a usar una formulación alternativa que expresa más cortesía, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué se le ofrece?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Los diálogos serían diferentes en tu región?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T12:02:25.030" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22848" CreationDate="2017-10-20T13:32:28.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en &lt;strong&gt;La República Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;, nosotros usamos el término tío generalmente a el hermano de nuestros padres y madres. O bien Tíos políticos ya sea, el marido no sanguíneo de una tía sanguínea, ¿Y porque no?, en la actualidad algún marido de un tío Sanguíneo (Marido, novio, concubino, etc. a veces).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se da la particularidad de que denominamos tío a adultos de suma confianza, o amigos adultos de la familia que siempre están. Inclusive queda el título de tío a veces a los exmaridos de las tías sanguíneas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho y esto es un dato aparte, tengo una tía que no supera mucho mi edad. Yo le digo prima porque tía me parece chocante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y tengo un sobrino que al tener mi misma edad, nos decimos primos, ya que sino queda chocante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T13:35:43.360" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T13:35:43.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22786" CreationDate="2017-10-20T20:38:54.967" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BRÍOS, &lt;em&gt;voto a ~&lt;/em&gt;, es eufemismo por &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt;, introducido cuando éste aún se pronunciaba &lt;em&gt;Díos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;1.ª doc.:&lt;/em&gt; 1525-47, Sánchez de Badajoz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp; Se dijo también &lt;em&gt;juro a Bríos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;por vida de Bríos&lt;/em&gt;. Vid. Munthe, &lt;em&gt;Juro a bríos baco balillo&lt;/em&gt; (Upsala, 1921) y la reseña de M. L. Wagner, &lt;em&gt;RFE&lt;/em&gt; X, 404.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Corominas y Pascual. &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico.&lt;/em&gt; Tomo I. Madrid, 1984.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English: &lt;code&gt;Bríos&lt;/code&gt; is an euphemism for &lt;code&gt;Dios&lt;/code&gt;, from the time when &lt;code&gt;Dios&lt;/code&gt; was pronounced &lt;code&gt;Díos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota adicional (sólo en castellano):&lt;/strong&gt; Irene Cuervo, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/busqueda/resultadosbusqueda.asp?Ver=50&amp;amp;Pagina=1&amp;amp;Titulo=A%20brios%20rogando&amp;amp;OrdenResultados=2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta interesante serie de artículos&lt;/a&gt; proporcionada por @blonfu, arguye que la palabra era &lt;em&gt;brios&lt;/em&gt; con acento en la o (o sea, que se usaba activamente como eufemismo y rimaba con &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt; pronunciado &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt;). Los ejemplos que da son bastante convincentes. Esto abre varias posibilidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se dijo Díos/bríos, después Dios/brios, y, luego de caer en desuso, se recuperó “literariamente” como bríos; o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca se dijo bríos, fue siempre brios y por alguna razón se le puso tilde en el siglo XX (esto es lo que creo que opina Cuervo); o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se dijo Díos/bríos, luego convivieron “voto/juro a bríos” (como frase hecha) y “brios” (como eufemismo); en la literatura quedó “bríos”; o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fue siempre bríos, los autores de los versos que cita Cuervo simplemente están usando sinéresis; o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, parece que el tema todavía tiene mucho para dar. Creo que la respuesta definitiva va a tardar un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="408" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T22:41:04.063" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T22:41:04.063" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22866" CreationDate="2017-10-21T00:35:46.820" Score="4" ViewCount="15243" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;toque de queda&lt;/strong&gt; es la prohibición circunstancial de circular por las calles de una ciudad. Por ejemplo, el gobierno portorriqueño declaró toque de queda durante las cuatro noches posteriores al huracán María, para evitar saqueos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué tiene este nombre tal situación? ¿Hay alguna historia según la cual se haya &quot;tocado&quot; algo para &quot;quedarse&quot;? ¿Y por qué se usa la preposición &quot;de&quot; en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T16:57:55.890" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;toque de queda&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22854" CreationDate="2017-10-21T01:56:50.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que viene de &amp;quot;tocar&amp;quot; o hacer sonar una sirena o alarma para indicar a civiles o militares que deben de &amp;quot;quedarse&amp;quot; en (o acudir a) ciertas dependencias (sus casa o donde sea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo he podido encontrar esta referencia en la web&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nombre se deriva esencialmente de la práctica europea de, durante la guerra, después de cierto tiempo (por lo general la tarde), se hacía sonar una sirena de la población a abandonar las calles en caso de bombardeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente original: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.escuelapedia.com/toque-de-queda/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Escuelapedia.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este otro enlace relaciona el término en inglés (curfew) con el toque de una campana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;una campana era tocada a la puesta del Sol para dar noticia de que llegaba la hora de extinguir todas las fogatas y velas. A esto se le llamo &amp;quot;curfew&amp;quot;, del francés &amp;quot;couvre feu&amp;quot;, que significa &amp;quot;cubrir el fuego&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente original: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.datosfreak.org/datos/slug/etimologia-curfew&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;datosfreak&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que antiguamente este &amp;quot;toque&amp;quot; (de campana u otra alarma) era literal. Ahora puede ser simplemente una hora u otra condición establecida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T01:56:50.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22879" CreationDate="2017-10-21T07:23:32.383" Score="4" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quicio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; of a door is basically the part where it joins the frame:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=quicio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quicio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Parte de las puertas o ventanas en que entra el espigón del quicial, y en que se mueve y gira.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used figuratively in expressions like &quot;sacar de quicio&quot;, meaning &quot;to exasperate, to take on somebody's nerves&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the DLE entry does not include the origin of the word (&quot;from Lat. &lt;em&gt;quicium&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or something like that), so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the origin / etymology of &lt;em&gt;quicio&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-21T23:07:25.060" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T21:45:23.030" Title="Where does the word &quot;quicio&quot; come from?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2017-10-21T12:53:57.703" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;One example is the useful term &lt;em&gt;hapax legomenon&lt;/em&gt; meaning a word which only occurs once in a particular corpus. There is an extensive description in the English Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapax_legomenon&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but more importantly it does occur in the Spanish Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1pax&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and since at least one of the examples given is different it cannot just be a translation from the English version which implies at least one Spanish speaker thought it worth an entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing which does surprise me is that &lt;em&gt;hoi polloi&lt;/em&gt; does not appear in the Spanish Wikipedia in its own right although it is in the entry for &lt;em&gt;masas&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T12:53:57.703" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22860" CreationDate="2017-10-21T13:04:00.143" Score="7" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;La Compuerta Número 12&quot; by Baldomero Lillo some pronouns are placed on the end of the verb rather than before it. Why aren't the pronouns placed before the verb? Is it an older style and if so when is it used because not all of the pronouns are placed at the end of the verb? Some examples in the text of the pronoun at the end of the verb include: &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Zumbábanle&lt;/strong&gt; los oídos y el piso que huía debajo de sus pies le producía una extraña sensación de angustia.&quot; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Pasado un minuto, la velocidad disminuyó bruscamente, los pies &lt;strong&gt;asentáronse&lt;/strong&gt; con más solidez en el piso fugitivo...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both examples I would have placed the pronoun before the verb and when I try typing the sentences into Microsoft Word it doesn't recognize them. A full copy of the text is available here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ciudadseva.com/texto/la-compuerta-numero-12/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;La compuerta número 12&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12844" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T17:46:25.873" Title="Pronoun placement in &quot;La Compuerta Número 12&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-22T16:00:50.300" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22859" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-21T14:53:43.167" Score="3" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this its own tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. &quot;Llevo estudiando español desde hace un año.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's its name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it would be like &quot;I have been ...&quot; and it's called the present perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would the Spanish name of the &quot;llevar&quot; tense be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14141" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T10:06:42.030" Title="What is the name of the tense formed with &quot;llevo + gerundio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22858" CreationDate="2017-10-21T15:02:10.397" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is an older style. It is used almost exclusively in literature. You can technically use it with any verb that uses a pronoun; your first example could be rewritten like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Zumbábanle los oídos, el piso huíale bajo sus pies y producíale una extraña sensación que angustiábale.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is correct Spanish, but that would get old pretty quickly, so it is used sparsely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T15:02:10.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22859" CreationDate="2017-10-21T15:28:35.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund is not considered a tense in Spanish. It is just an idiomatic usage pattern for &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, the &quot;present continuous&quot;, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund, which is related to this pattern, is not considered a tense either, though it may appear so in textbooks for Spanish students. This is more-or-less arbitrary, since grammar terms are conventional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This pattern of &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; is by no means the only one, and it's not isolated. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=llevar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to the DPD&lt;/a&gt;, besides the common meaning of &quot;to carry, to move, to take something from one place to another&quot;, &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; means (translation and emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'to be/stay [during a period of time] in the same&#xA;  situation or at the same location'&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Llevo treinta y cinco años&#xA;  encerrado por su culpa»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I've been locked up for thirty-five years&#xA;  because of him/her&quot;; &lt;em&gt;«Lleva ya ocho días aquí»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;S/he's been here&#xA;  already eight days&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;If it refers to an action, the norm is the&#xA;  affirmative construction with the gerund&lt;/strong&gt; or the negative&#xA;  construction with &lt;em&gt;sin&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive: &lt;em&gt;«El hombre lleva tres días&#xA;  bebiendo»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The man's been drinking for three days&quot;; &lt;em&gt;«Llevaba dos&#xA;  semanas sin aparecer por el apartamento del barrio»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;S/he had not&#xA;  made an appearence at the apartment in the neighborhood for two&#xA;  weeks&quot;. Less frequent, but also valid, is the construction with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; +&#xA;  infinitive, documented in America as well as in Spain: &lt;em&gt;«Llevábamos&#xA;  cuatro años de no vernos»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;We had not seen each other for four&#xA;  years&quot;; &lt;em&gt;«Llevo años de vivir vicariamente»&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I've been living&#xA;  vicariously for years&quot;. In some areas in America, instead of &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  the verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; is used in this sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T15:28:35.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22859" CreationDate="2017-10-21T15:31:44.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your sentence does not sound natural to me because of the adverbial &amp;quot;desde hace un año&amp;quot;. However, this similar sentence does:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vengo estudiando español desde hace un año.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; is used, I'd prefer this other structure to express time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llevo un año estudiando español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &amp;quot;venir&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; + &lt;em&gt;V-ando/endo&lt;/em&gt; are &amp;quot;perífrasis de gerundio&amp;quot; (gerundial verb phrases) and are dealt with under item 28.4 in RAE's &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española - MANUAL&lt;/em&gt;. Under 28.4.3a, we find the following, which partially confirms what I said above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Llevar + gerundio&amp;quot;. A diferencia de otras perífrasis de contenido similar, esta perífrasis exige &lt;strong&gt;una expresión cuantificativa&lt;/strong&gt; que tenga carácter argumental. Designa unas veces el periodo durante el cual se mantiene cierto estado de cosas, como en el primero de los ejemplos que siguen, y otras, su límite inicial, como en el segundo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] ni que me vean siempre sonriente y hecho un gurrumino inseparable de esa mujer que lleva aguantando palizas &lt;strong&gt;diez y siete años&lt;/strong&gt; (Gómez Serna, Automoribundia); Y como no encuentra mejor cosa que decir, repite lo mismo que lleva diciendo &lt;strong&gt;desde la mañana&lt;/strong&gt; (Delibes, Mario).&lt;/em&gt; [The bolds are mine.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other examples similar to mine further below in the Manual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevaba &lt;strong&gt;diez años&lt;/strong&gt; pintando el mismo bodegón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llevo &lt;strong&gt;años&lt;/strong&gt; recorriendo este mismo camino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that &amp;quot;venir + V-ando/endo&amp;quot; is clearly similar to the present or past perfect progressive &amp;quot;have/s/d been V-ing&amp;quot; in that it indicates an action started at some previous point and continuing up to now (or up to then).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; sounds to me more like &amp;quot;have/s/d been busy doing or engaged in doing sth&amp;quot;, and time phrases like &amp;quot;un año&amp;quot; (without &amp;quot;desde&amp;quot;) better express the time one has been busy with or engaged in that activity. Some speakers (as is the case with the second example with &amp;quot;desde la mañana&amp;quot;) seem to find no objection to time phrases introduced by &amp;quot;desde&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another point in favor of using &amp;quot;venir&amp;quot; rather than &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;desde&amp;quot; time phrases is that &amp;quot;venir&amp;quot; is intransitive while &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; is always transitive (as we can check in RAE's dictionary), the time phrase following it functioning as its direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt; provides nominal time phrases (without &amp;quot;desde&amp;quot; or any other time linker) in all the examples it provides with &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; when it carries this meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Significa también ‘estar [durante un período de tiempo] en una misma situación o en un mismo lugar’: «Llevo treinta y cinco años encerrado por su culpa» (Martínez Perón [Arg. 1989]); «Lleva ya ocho días aquí» (Paso Palinuro [Méx. 1977]). Si se hace referencia a una acción, lo normal es la construcción afirmativa con gerundio o la construcción negativa con sin + infinitivo: «El hombre lleva tres días bebiendo» (Mutis Ilona [Col. 1988]); «Llevaba dos semanas sin aparecer por el apartamento del barrio» (Rovinski Herencia [C. Rica 1993]). Menos frecuente, pero también válida, es la construcción con de + infinitivo, documentada tanto en América como en España: «Llevábamos cuatro años de no vernos» (Aguilar Golfo [Méx. 1986]); «Llevo años de vivir vicariamente» (Leguina Nombre [Esp. 1992]). En algunas áreas americanas, en lugar de llevar, se usa, con este sentido, el verbo tener (→ tener(se), 3).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T10:06:42.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22865" CreationDate="2017-10-21T15:57:44.957" Score="4" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo las reglas del juego de cartas (de bazas) alemán &quot;Tarock&quot; y hay un término que usan en alemán y en inglés cuya traducción al español no logro encontrar (y de hecho tampoco sé como se dice en francés, mi primer idioma). El &quot;forehand&quot; es el jugador sentado al lado del que distribuyó las cartas, y que abre el juego en la primera ronda, poniendo la primera carta en la mesa. ¿Existe alguna traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Tarock, a veces empieza el &quot;forehand&quot; y a veces la persona que hizo la apuesta más alta (el licitador). Estoy buscando una palabra para referirme al primer caso sin ambigüedad con el segundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13022" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-04T13:20:06.990" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T13:20:06.990" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;forehand&quot; en un juego de cartas?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;juegos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22864" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-21T16:35:05.493" Score="3" ViewCount="1827" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Lengua figura la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6M392cQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sin definición alguna, y a continuación la expresión  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de buten &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. adj. jerg. Excelente, estupendo. U. t. c. loc. adv.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin más datos.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE, apenas aparecen 9 casos, siendo el más antiguo de 1888, mientras que en el NTLLE he visto que aparece por primera vez en el diccionario de Zerolo (1895).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, es la primera vez que veo (o al menos, que me doy cuenta) una  palabra sin definición en el DLE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditorDisplayName="user17232" LastEditDate="2020-03-10T11:38:28.350" LastActivityDate="2020-03-10T11:38:28.350" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;de buten&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2017-10-21T16:46:23.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El jugador que empieza primero en un juego de cartas es la &lt;strong&gt;mano&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;36&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. En ciertos juegos, persona a quien en cada momento le corresponde jugar en primer lugar. &lt;em&gt;Yo soy mano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que ya estáis usando otra palabra para el jugador que abre por hacer la apuesta más alta (el &quot;licitador&quot;), podéis usar &quot;mano&quot; para referiros siempre al que abre por posición, es decir por sentarse al lado de quien reparte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T16:46:23.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22854" CreationDate="2017-10-21T16:57:55.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de Autoridades [1737] recoge  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QUEDA: El tiempo de la noche, señalado en algunos Pueblos (especialmente Plazas cerradas) para que todos se recojan, a que se avisa con la campana, y en la Milicia con el tambor. Llamase así por el efecto que causa, que es estarse todos quedos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es autoexplicativo: se hace tocar una campana (o un tambor) para que todos se recojan por la noche y estén quedos (quietos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T16:57:55.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22858" CreationDate="2017-10-21T17:46:25.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Pronombre_encl%C3%ADtico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronombre enclítico&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, it's very standard and usual. In the case of your quote, in which the verb is in indicative, it's not usual, it only appears in (old) literature. See details in link above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example from &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/clasicos/quijote/edicion/parte1/cap31/default.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Quijote&lt;/a&gt;. Notice the variation (preguntéle - le pregunté), which sugests that the enclicital form is (was) preferred at the start of a phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preguntéle&lt;/strong&gt; si había ido allá el vizcaíno de marras; &lt;strong&gt;díjome&lt;/strong&gt; que sí y&#xA;  que era un hombre muy de bien. También &lt;strong&gt;le pregunté&lt;/strong&gt; por los galeotes,&#xA;  mas &lt;strong&gt;díjome&lt;/strong&gt; que no había visto hasta entonces alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T17:46:25.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23319" CreationDate="2017-10-21T19:43:37.520" Score="8" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22853/12637&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; to my question about the meaning of &lt;em&gt;bríos&lt;/em&gt; it is said that the origin of the word took place when &quot;dios&quot; was pronounced &quot;díos&quot; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure that it can be a possible step in the evolution from Latin &lt;em&gt;deus&lt;/em&gt; to the current &lt;em&gt;dios&lt;/em&gt;. After all, &lt;em&gt;deus&lt;/em&gt; carries the accent in the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, and that accent could remain in the same position for centuries before shifting towards the &lt;em&gt;u/o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, was &quot;díos&quot; indeed a step in the evolution of the word? If so, during what period was the word pronounced like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:27:35.763" Title="When was &quot;dios&quot; pronounced &quot;díos&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23391" CreationDate="2017-10-21T22:45:28.393" Score="3" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha sorprendido el doble uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;presumir&lt;/em&gt;: tanto para &lt;em&gt;fardar&lt;/em&gt; de algo como para indicar que creemos algo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A esa niña le gusta &lt;strong&gt;presumir&lt;/strong&gt; de su pelo largo y brillante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Presumo&lt;/strong&gt; que el examen me irá de pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso lo refleja el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U7YygFe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presumir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. praesumĕre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Suponer o considerar algo por los indicios o señales que se tienen. &lt;em&gt;Presumo que quiere conocerte en persona.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. intr. Mostrarse muy orgulloso de sí mismo o de sus cosas. &lt;em&gt;Presume DE ser el que más gana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. intr. Preocuparse mucho del aspecto propio para parecer atractivo. &lt;em&gt;Cuida mucho su vestuario porque le encanta presumir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/presumedly&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Observo&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;em&gt;praesūmere&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &quot;tomar por adelantado&quot;, pues junta &lt;em&gt;prae&lt;/em&gt; → antes y &lt;em&gt;sūmere&lt;/em&gt; → asumir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, la primera acepción parece tener mucho que ver con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=47S4L2q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;asumir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. assumĕre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Atraer a sí, tomar para sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Hacerse cargo, responsabilizarse de algo, aceptarlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Adquirir, tomar una forma mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se observa cómo su raíz es común: &lt;em&gt;assumĕre&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;praesumĕre&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces la pregunta que me surge automáticamente es: ¿por qué cayó esta &quot;a&quot; y no decimos &lt;em&gt;preasumir&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;praesumir&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se podría dar el caso que tuviéramos &lt;em&gt;presumir&lt;/em&gt; por un lado y &lt;em&gt;preasumir&lt;/em&gt; por el otro? Y ya que estamos: ¿cómo se explica la etimología de la 2.ª acepción de &lt;em&gt;presumir&lt;/em&gt; en tanto en cuanto &lt;em&gt;urgulloso de sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; y su relación con la &quot;asunción&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T22:50:58.360" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;presumir&quot; y no &quot;preasumir&quot; para algo que asumimos preventivamente?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22777" CreationDate="2017-10-22T01:21:57.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto depende un poco de cada país, no es lo mismo en todos los países de habla hispana. En Argentina es muy común usar el &quot;vos&quot; (tu), por ejemplo los niños tratan a los adultos de &quot;vos&quot; (tu). Esto no está muy bien visto en otros países de centroamérica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumidas cuentas, para una web sobre temas generales, yo usaría el &quot;tu&quot;. Si es una web que apunta a temas más formales, probablemente sea mejor usar el &quot;usted&quot;. Sobre el plural no veo problema en usar &quot;ustedes&quot;, pero tu frase si bien está bien escrita, se siente un poquito... no se, forzada. Yo pondría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si tienes alguna contribución que hacer a este post, por favor añádelas en la sección de comentarios de abajo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en la forma de &quot;usted&quot; sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si tiene alguna contribución que hacer a este post, por favor añádala en la sección de comentarios de abajo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17943" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T18:50:15.813" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T18:50:15.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22746" CreationDate="2017-10-22T01:29:49.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;me suena a pocho... jamás escuché esas expresiones. En México decir &quot;se rompió esa madre&quot; se entiende como &quot;se rompió esa porqueria&quot;. Mientras que &quot;que padre la pasamos&quot; significa &quot;que bien que la pasamos&quot;. Pero &quot;hacer padre/hacer madre&quot; nunca lo escuché&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo que en muchísimos otros paises de habla hispana estas expresiones mexicanas no existen ni se entienden. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17943" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T01:29:49.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22729" CreationDate="2017-10-22T01:39:48.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a programmer myself, and you will not find a rule. Many people pronunce this as written in spanish, so &quot;json&quot; becomes &quot;jota son&quot; (for the letter j) , while other people say &quot;jay-son&quot;. &#xA;A very interesting one is &quot;SQL&quot;, that many people read as &quot;sequel&quot; and many other as &quot;S&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;, &quot;L&quot;. &#xA;I think if you are a bit old and you studied from english resources, you use the english pronunciation. Nowadays you can find documentation in spanish for anything, so you pronunce it in spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17943" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T01:39:48.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22848" CreationDate="2017-10-22T03:17:27.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; se usa ampliamente. Yo les digo &amp;quot;tío&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;tía&amp;quot; a varias personas conocidas y cercanas, pero con las que no tengo ningún parentesco. Generalmente son los amigos de mis padres. Los niños les dicen &amp;quot;tío&amp;quot; a todos los adultos de confianza: el conductor del transporte de la escuela, la educadora de párvulos, el vendedor del almacén de la esquina, el vecino, el papá del compañero de la escuela, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que la respuesta no hay que buscarla en el idioma español sino en la genética. La consanguineidad en cualquier parte del mundo es la causa de las mejores acciones y deseos. Cuando se desea reflejar en el lenguaje el altruismo, los sacrificios, la paz y el regocijo, se recurre frecuentemente al parentesco. Hay montones de ejemplos de parientes ficticios, se me ocurren los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las &lt;em&gt;hermanas&lt;/em&gt; de la caridad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; patria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Papá&lt;/em&gt; Noel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hermanito&lt;/em&gt;, regáleme cien pesos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Padre&lt;/em&gt; nuestro que estás en el cielo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué pasa &lt;em&gt;carnal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué onda &lt;em&gt;bro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;padres&lt;/em&gt; de la iglesia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;madre&lt;/em&gt; Teresa de Calcuta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; Sam&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Papaíto&lt;/em&gt; Piernas Largas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;fraternidad&lt;/em&gt; americana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, para decir cosas buenas puedes recurrir al lenguaje de los parientes sanguíneos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que, igual que en la religión o en la política, a nivel doméstico se quiera expresar que la relación que tenemos con esa otra persona es equivalente a la que tendríamos con un pariente sanguíneo. Y por eso nuestros padres nos enseñan a decirles &amp;quot;tío&amp;quot;, aunque no lo sean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T07:05:32.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-22T10:35:17.720" Score="4" ViewCount="1435" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Quijote tiene un prólogo que termina así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y con esto, Dios te dé salud, y a mí no me olvide. VALE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bHhdVQk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vale&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se usa aquí con la siguiente acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; 'consérvate sano', 2.ª pers. de sing. del imper. de &lt;em&gt;valēre&lt;/em&gt; 'estar sano'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. alguna vez para despedirse en estilo cortesano y familiar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, al concluir el texto con &quot;vale&quot; lo que está diciendo es &quot;cuídate&quot;. Lo que me sorprende es que dicha interjección no está marcada como en desuso o poco usada. Entiendo pues que aún se sigue usando, pero ¿en qué países, regiones o contextos se sigue usando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T00:15:44.627" Title="¿En qué países o contextos se sigue usando &quot;vale&quot; como despedida?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22875" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22877" CreationDate="2017-10-22T14:49:22.787" Score="5" ViewCount="6466" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la lengua, en la entrada  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B0eNmIk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; simplemente remite a &lt;strong&gt;fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HsDQ07D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se define como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. f. U. para designar ciertas figuras animales que se presentan en fiestas populares y son famosas por su deformidad o aspecto espantable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el NTLLE solo se recoge &lt;strong&gt;corrupia&lt;/strong&gt; en los diccionarios de la RAE de los años 1983, 1984, 1989 y 1992, y del mismo modo: no se define &lt;strong&gt;corrupia&lt;/strong&gt; y remite a &lt;strong&gt;fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;. En la edición de 1984 se añade una segunda acepción: &amp;quot;Persona cruel o de muy mal carácter&amp;quot;, que no aparece en las demás ediciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El CORDE solo recoge 8 casos de &lt;strong&gt;fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt; en 5 documentos, entre 1926 y 1970.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra fuente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yorokobu.es/la-fiera-corrupia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;yorokubu.es&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una Fiera Corrupia es un tipo de animal mitológico de aspecto horrible, deforme y amenazador. Hoy nos daría risa, mucho más estando tan acostumbrados a la visión de bichejos tipo Alien. Pero entre los siglos XVIII y XIX pensar e imaginar una de estas bestias debía dar terror.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se popularizaron gracias a los romances de ciego y la literatura de cordel, esos pliegos atados por un cordel o una caña que se vendían al público contando fábulas, leyendas o acontecimientos de la época narrados por los ciegos que iban de un pueblo a otro ganándose la vida como juglares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que el &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/anteriores/mayo_04/19052004_01.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; da diversas descripciones de su aspecto, basadas en textos de Pio Baroja y Jose Maria Iribarren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encntrado incluso una obra de teatro reciente con ese título: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/la-fiera-corrupia--0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda claro qué es una &lt;strong&gt;fiera corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;, pero ¿de dónde viene la propia palabra &lt;strong&gt;corrupia&lt;/strong&gt;? Porque no he encontrado una sola referencia a la etimología de la palabreja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-01-02T14:58:23.300" LastActivityDate="2021-01-02T14:58:23.300" Title="¿De dónde viene la palabra &quot;corrupia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22864" CreationDate="2017-10-22T20:33:33.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, parece que la palabra &lt;em&gt;buten&lt;/em&gt; por sí sola no significa nada, y hay pocos casos en el CORDE, siendo los primeros de finales del siglo XIX, como comentas. Para estos casos en cuando conviene comenzar a investigar en el fichero general, y ver qué comentan las cédulas allí presentes sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;buten&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera que me encuentro con datos interesantes comenta lo ya adelantado por @blonfu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según Belmonte, del alemán &lt;em&gt;guten&lt;/em&gt;; según J.M. Medina, de &lt;em&gt;butyrum&lt;/em&gt;. Se usa también en la Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra ficha parece identificar el término como un gitanismo. Otra como procedente de la germanía. Otra incide en su origen del alemán &lt;em&gt;guten&lt;/em&gt; y explica que la expresión completa era &lt;em&gt;de buten niquelá&lt;/em&gt;. Esto me resulta curioso, porque en Andalucía usamos la expresión &quot;estar niquelado&quot; o &quot;niquelao&quot; para decir que algo está perfecto (&quot;-¿Qué tal el examen? -Niquelao.&quot;). Otra comenta que al principio se usaba casi exclusivamente para referirse a mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro otra ficha que hace referencia al &lt;em&gt;Vobaculario andaluz&lt;/em&gt;, que explica lo mismo que la mencionada arriba sobre los dos posibles orígenes, pero añade que &lt;em&gt;butyrum&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;leche y miel&lt;/em&gt;, y que su significado es &lt;em&gt;abundante&lt;/em&gt;, como en &quot;fue una comida de buten&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si juntamos todo lo anterior, el resultado (y esto ya es divagación mía) es que &lt;em&gt;buten&lt;/em&gt; podría ser una palabra de origen andaluz, pero originada por gitanos que viajaran por Europa e incorporaran palabras extranjeras a su habla, como podría ser &lt;em&gt;guten&lt;/em&gt; del alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, queda claro que es una palabra que se usa siempre (y en esto coinciden todas las fichas consultadas) precedida de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, consistiendo pues ambas en una locución inseparable cuyas palabras sueltas carecen de significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T20:33:33.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22875" CreationDate="2017-10-22T21:04:26.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el mismo procedimiento que con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22876/12637&quot;&gt;mi respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a tu pregunta sobre &lt;em&gt;de buten&lt;/em&gt;, veamos qué dicen las fichas sobre &quot;corrupia&quot; (y son pocas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vocabulario de León. Corrupia. En La Bañeza y su comarca, calleja o calle estrecha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente una acepción muy regional que no tenga nada que ver con el tema que nos trata. Sigamos. Un libro sobre el bable dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La peste, la fiera corrupia&lt;/em&gt;: epidemia, mal genérico que no existe. &lt;em&gt;Yes igual que la peste corrupia. Póneste con unu que paezes una fiera corrupia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta interesante saber que no solo se aplica a &lt;em&gt;fiera&lt;/em&gt;, sino también a &lt;em&gt;peste&lt;/em&gt;. La siguiente ficha es interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corrupia. Ser monstruoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos de esta ficha hablan de &quot;fiera corrupia&quot; como el nombre de un ser monstruoso, pero también parece dar un significado a la palabra &quot;corrupia&quot; por sí sola. Buscando por Ngram he encontrado el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... las relaciones de casos monstruosos é increíbles y de seres extraordinarios ó fabulosos como La arpía americana (hoy La Corrupia).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Navarro y Ledesma, &quot;Lecciones de literatura explicadas en el Instituto de San Isidro, de Madrid&quot;, 1902 (España). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que es posible que &quot;Corrupia&quot; fuera el nombre de un ser mitológico monstruoso. No he encontrado nada más en ninguna otra ficha, aunque una recoge la palabra como &quot;corrupio/a&quot;, pero en el CORDE no he encontrado ningún caso de &quot;corrupio&quot;. Y una última ficha digna de mención hace referencia al libro &lt;em&gt;El porqué de los dichos&lt;/em&gt;, de José María Iribarren. En este se recoge la expresión, pero así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiera Corrupia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que indica, como en otras fichas hemos visto, que &quot;Corrupia&quot; es sencillamente un nombre propio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Corrupia [...] tenía cabeza de toro (con cuernos gachos, descomunales) y cuerpo de lagarto, lleno de escamas. Sus uñas eran como ganchos de romana (de balanza romana), y para su exterminio fue necesaria la intervención de todo un regimiento de infantería de línea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yorokobu.es/la-fiera-corrupia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; tratan el tema, y aclaran que según quién contara la leyenda la bestia tenía otros nombres, como la &quot;Fiera Zurrupia&quot; o &quot;Currupia&quot;, y otros. Y añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que, según Pío Baroja en su obra Vitrina pintoresca (1935), la Fiera Corrupia está inspirada en la Bestia del Apocalipsis y con el tiempo fue perdiendo su origen bíblico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-09T14:37:46.250" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T14:37:46.250" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22886" CreationDate="2017-10-22T21:41:52.327" Score="4" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues eso. Básicamente, la RAE tiene a disposición del público dos* pedazo de recursos: el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, un corpus del español escrito en los últimos 10 siglos; y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;, un &quot;diccionario de diccionarios&quot; que permite consultar la evolución de una palabra desde su primera aparición en un diccionario hasta hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* Junto con el CREA y resto de &lt;em&gt;corpus&lt;/em&gt; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;banco de datos de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, que tampoco son moco de pavo, pero yo al menos no los utilizo tanto.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilizo mucho ambos recursos a la hora de buscar respuestas para las dudas que surgen sobre el lenguaje (tanto las aquí planteadas, como las mías personales). Pero por la manera en que están diseñadas las páginas anteriores, me surge un problema: no sé cómo &lt;strong&gt;compartir con otras personas, mediante un enlace, los resultados de la búsqueda que he realizado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo quiero compartir los resultados de buscar en Google &quot;perico&quot;, puedo compartir este enlace: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=perico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.google.es/search?q=perico&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si quiero compartir los resultados de buscar en el DLE &quot;palote&quot;, puedo compartir este enlace: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=palote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?w=palote&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero si quiero compartir los resultados de buscar en el CORDE &quot;perico de los palotes&quot;... ¿cómo puedo hacerlo? Más allá de copiar el texto de los resultados, o hacer una captura de pantalla. Copiar el enlace no sirve, pues depende de la sesión, y al pegar el enlace en otro dispositivo ya no funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Existe alguna manera de enlazar a una búsqueda en CORDE o NTLLE, de forma que se puedan compartir los resultados mediante un simple enlace?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T09:56:01.813" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T09:56:01.813" Title="¿Hay alguna manera de enlazar búsquedas del CORDE o del NTLLE?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22856" CreationDate="2017-10-22T21:45:23.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues parece que nos va a pasar lo mismo que con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18849/12637&quot;&gt;bastardo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que ha tenido diversas etimologías propuestas conforme ha ido pasando el tiempo, si se le han dedicado tantas líneas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, y por proponer las etimologías más antiguas que se conocen, el diccionario de Rosal de 1611 propone la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quicio, del hebreo que se llama &lt;em&gt;Hisçuq&lt;/em&gt;, y al lugar sobre el que alguna cosa se mueve. &lt;em&gt;Kisçór&lt;/em&gt;, que es lo mesmo que Quicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en su etimología más antigua se propone que viene del hebreo. Aunque igualmente antigua es la etimología de Covarrubias, citada por el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Covarrubias quiere salga de la voz Latina &lt;em&gt;Quiescere&lt;/em&gt;, porque moviendose la puerta o ventana, él se está quieto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; opina pues que la etimología propuesta por Covarrubias es más un deseo que algo probado. No parece algo descabellado, ya que &lt;em&gt;quiescere&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;descansar&lt;/em&gt;, siendo a fin de cuentas el &lt;em&gt;quicio&lt;/em&gt; el sitio donde descansa la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de estos posibles orígenes, muy pocas ediciones del DLE se aventuran a dar un origen de la palabra. Una que lo hace es la edición de 1884, en la que se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Del bajo latín &lt;em&gt;acuties&lt;/em&gt;, punta, clavo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese como el propio diccionario pone la etimología en entredicho. Y otros diccionarios aparte de los de la RAE tampoco aventuran posibles orígenes. Así que lo que ves en lo que podemos deducir partiendo del NTLLE. Me he puesto a consultar las cédulas del Fichero General, pero hay casi 500 y de momento solo encuentro referencias a la palabra en textos, nada sobre su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T21:45:23.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22744" CreationDate="2017-10-22T22:03:51.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fuera de concurso&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;186&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AURYN será guarda y guía, mas no uses su gran poder: la Reina Pueril no lo hace. En lo que pase, no entres: da igual qué opines. Ve sin arma, y que pase. Ve, como ella, todo igual: bien, mal, bello, feo, lelo, sabio. Mira, nunca opines. ¡No olvides, Atreyu!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-22T22:03:51.937" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-22T22:03:51.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22888" CreationDate="2017-10-22T23:16:31.607" Score="6" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the adjective for things (or people!) from Mars is &quot;mar&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;ian&quot;, with a T.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is because Mars comes &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mars#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;from Latin &lt;em&gt;Mars, Martis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; where every single case and derived word started with &lt;em&gt;Mar&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;-&lt;/em&gt; (save for singular nominative / vocative &lt;em&gt;Mars&lt;/em&gt; itself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, Mars is said &lt;em&gt;Mar&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, also with a T, because it also comes from Latin.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, the adjective for something that comes from &lt;em&gt;Mar&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&quot;mar&lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt;iano&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;mar&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;iano&lt;/em&gt; with a C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that? &lt;strong&gt;Why &quot;marciano&quot; with a C but &quot;Marte&quot; with a T?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T13:36:44.420" Title="Why is it &quot;marciano&quot; instead of &quot;martiano&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22411" CreationDate="2017-10-23T02:09:08.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hacer y dar no son los únicos verbos que puedes usar para describir la acción de preparar un evento como un fiesta. Puedes también por ejemplo &lt;strong&gt;organizar&lt;/strong&gt; una fiesta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que se favorece el &quot;dar&quot; una fiesta cuando hay un motivo importante o un homenajeado (alguien a quien &lt;em&gt;agasajar&lt;/em&gt; con la fiesta), pero el usar uno u otro puede ser prácticamente una elección inconsciente. Yo personalmente favorezco el &quot;dar una fiesta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=dar%20una%20fiesta%2Chacer%20una%20fiesta&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2017&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdar%20una%20fiesta%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Chacer%20una%20fiesta%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acuerdo a Ngram&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;hacer una fiesta&quot; supera en popularidad al &quot;dar una fiesta&quot;. Supongo que simplemente la mayoría de libros que te has encontrado favorecen la variante del &quot;dar&quot; para &quot;to throw a party&quot;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8gY4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8gY4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En webs como Linguee tienes tanto &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/dar+una+fiesta.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar una fiesta&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/hacer+una+fiesta.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer una fiesta&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. No hay un motivo fundamentado para que los libros de texto decidiesen usar una en lugar de la otra. Ambas son correctas, pero la popularidad puede variar de acuerdo al individuo o la zona geográfica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T02:09:08.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22881" CreationDate="2017-10-23T07:28:47.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Martiano de hecho ha sido un nombre propio desde tiempos antiguos, en el CORDE aparecen libros que hablan de San Martiano, el emperador Martiano Augusto y un tal Acrino Martiano. Aunque no sé si todos estos casos se corresponden con el nombre que hoy conocemos como &quot;Mariano&quot; o como corrupción de &quot;Marciano&quot;, que también existía (ejemplo: Flavius Marcianus Augustus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, resulta curioso que la palabra &lt;em&gt;martiano&lt;/em&gt; sí viene recogida en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OV3ydTJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;martiano, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a José Martí, escritor y político cubano, o a su obra. &lt;em&gt;La doctrina martiana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene rasgos característicos de la obra de Martí. &lt;em&gt;Un ideario muy martiano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero nos estamos desviando. La palabra &lt;em&gt;marciano&lt;/em&gt; se recoge en el DLE desde 1925, y aparece en el CORDE desde 1919:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este fenómeno influye tanto en las condiciones climatéricas del mundo marciano como la propia inclinación del eje y la sucesión de las estaciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Comas Solá, &quot;Astronomía I y II&quot;, 1919 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se usó &quot;marciano&quot;? No parece que fuera una colisión con &quot;martiano&quot;, que se acuñó más tarde. Por lo que es posible que se dijera así por asimilación con el nombre de &quot;Marciano&quot;, ya conocido y de más fácil pronunciación que &quot;martiano&quot;. También hay que tener en cuenta que el nombre en latín es &lt;em&gt;Mars&lt;/em&gt;, del cual puede derivar &quot;marsiano&quot; o &quot;marciano&quot;. Me inclino más por lo primero: si buscas &quot;marciano&quot; en la hemeroteca de la BNE aparecen cientos de páginas de resultados, la mayoría relativos al nombre &quot;Marciano&quot;. De hecho es complicado encontrar casos que se refieran al planeta Marte. He localizado &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001175090&amp;amp;page=242&amp;amp;search=marciano&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno de 1915&lt;/a&gt; que habla sobre cómo construir un espejo reflector para que dos telegrafistas, uno terrestre y otro marciano, pudieran comunicarse (espoiler: debería tener 83 kilómetros de diámetro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he encontrado en la hemeroteca &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0026229710&amp;amp;page=188&amp;amp;search=martiano&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un texto que dice así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La obra de reconstitución de todo lo destruído por el fuego martiano de cinco años de guerra no se inicia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Revista nacional de economía. 1919, n.º 20, página 188.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he llegado a entender a qué se refiere con &lt;em&gt;martiano&lt;/em&gt;, pero desde luego no se refiere al planeta Marte. La cercanía de las fechas con los primeros textos que hablan de los &lt;em&gt;marcianos&lt;/em&gt; me da a entender que sí que existió una colisión con la palabra &quot;martiano&quot; que ya existía con otro significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T07:28:47.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22887" CreationDate="2017-10-23T07:51:51.967" Score="5" ViewCount="12490" Body="&lt;p&gt;A estas alturas todos estamos familiarizados ya con la palabra &quot;trilogía&quot; para definir una serie de tres películas. De hecho la definición va un poco más allá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=af93q0t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trilogía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. &lt;em&gt;τριλογία trilogía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de tres obras literarias o musicales que tienen entre sí enlace histórico o unidad de protagonismo o intención.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de tres obras trágicas de un mismo autor, presentadas a concurso en los festivales teatrales de la Grecia clásica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ahora vamos a tener la saga de Star Wars con un total de 9 películas principales (más los &lt;em&gt;spin-offs&lt;/em&gt;). Se podría decir que es una trilogía de trilogías, pero ¿cuál sería el término apropiado para definir a la saga de nueve películas? ¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FFWcFOr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enea&lt;/a&gt;logía? ¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QavkIIy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nona&lt;/a&gt;logía? ¿Algún otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T09:12:36.623" Title="Si &quot;trilogía&quot; son tres películas, ¿cuál es el término para nueve?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22884" CreationDate="2017-10-23T08:10:30.807" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enealogía&lt;/strong&gt; de acuerdo a este &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serie_cinematogr%C3%A1fica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;articulo de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serie_cinematogr%C3%A1fica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serie_cinematogr%C3%A1fica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T08:12:10.650" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T08:12:10.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22878" CreationDate="2017-10-23T09:01:40.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El CORDE realmente no mantiene una sesión de usuario (como hace el NTLLE), y sus resultados se pueden enlazar. Por ejemplo, si busco &quot;perico&quot; en el CORDE puedo enlazar la pantalla con el resumen de resultados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=perico&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1600&amp;amp;ano2=1800&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=9&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=perico&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=1600&amp;amp;ano2=1800&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=9&amp;amp;tema=1000&lt;/a&gt; (casos de &quot;perico&quot; entre 1600 y 1800 en España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace contiene lo necesario para repetir la búsqueda: el texto de la misma y los parámetros establecidos. En la pantalla enlazada se puede ver el texto &quot;7 casos en 4 documentos&quot;. Desde ahí se puede acceder a las estadísticas o a la recuperación de ejemplos (que es la parte que suele interesar). Esta pantalla de recuperación de ejemplos no se puede enlazar, pero si entras en un ejemplo, el enlace que se genera sí se puede copiar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=4&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=231017%5C010%5CC000O23102017105335787.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20perico%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1600-1800%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20,%20en%20%7BI%7DESPA%D1A%20%7B%7CI%7D%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=4&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=231017\010\C000O23102017105335787.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc={B}+{I}+perico{|I},+en+{I}1600-1800{|I},+en+todos+los+medios,+en+{I}CORDE+{|I}+,+en+{I}ESPA%D1A+{|I}{|B}{BR}&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta forma se puede enlazar un caso concreto. Además, en la pantalla del caso concreto vuelve a aparecer arriba el resumen de resultados y el botón para recuperar ejemplos, lo cual es útil si se ha accedido al ejemplo desde un enlace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto al NTLLE, usa un sistema de sesión que expira a poco que dejes la cuenta sin usar por apenas unos minutos. He intentado ver si hay alguna forma de acceder a resultados de búsqueda o a casos concretos de aparición en algún diccionario específico, pero no ha habido forma. Además, te confirmo que para buscar el término de búsqueda, la petición que se envía al servidor es de tipo &lt;code&gt;POST&lt;/code&gt;, con un &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; por debajo, por lo que no sería posible simular dicha consulta con un simple enlace. Una vez cargados los resultados, la petición que se hace para cargar la definición correspondiente a un diccionario concreto sí es de tipo &lt;code&gt;GET&lt;/code&gt;, pero no incluye el término de búsqueda. Esa llamada tiene esta pinta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=4&amp;amp;diccionario=26&amp;amp;hoja=223&amp;amp;columna=2&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltNavegacion?numReg=4&amp;amp;diccionario=26&amp;amp;hoja=223&amp;amp;columna=2&amp;amp;creaCn=SI&amp;amp;operacion=14&amp;amp;sec=1.2.1.0.0.&amp;amp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, contiene como parámetros el código del diccionario, la página y la columna a mostrar. Pero si intentas copiar esa dirección en el navegador, incluso si es dentro de la misma ventana en la que tienes una sesión activa, te muestra un error diciendo que &quot;la petición está fuera de secuencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T09:27:41.407" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T09:27:41.407" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22884" CreationDate="2017-10-23T09:01:42.637" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que valen las dos, depende si usas los prefijo derivados del latín (&lt;em&gt;uni-, bi-, tri-, cuatri-,...&lt;/em&gt;) o del griego (&lt;em&gt;mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-,...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más normal es usar el término cuando son series de tres (trilogía) tanto para películas como libros y para ese caso el prefijo es siempre &lt;em&gt;tri-&lt;/em&gt;, ya sea en latín o en griego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para Fundéu también son válidas las dos formas. De su entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/nonalogia-enealogia/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nonalogía/enealogía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son formaciones perfectamente válidas que simplemente continúan la&#xA;  serie &lt;em&gt;trilogía, cuatrilogía/tetralogía&lt;/em&gt;, etc. La forma &lt;em&gt;nonalogía&lt;/em&gt; se&#xA;  basa en el latín, mientras que la forma &lt;em&gt;enealogía&lt;/em&gt; se basa en el griego&#xA;  (de modo similar a &lt;em&gt;nonágono&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;eneágono&lt;/em&gt;, ambas correctas para el&#xA;  polígono de nueve lados). Que no esté en el diccionario de la RAE no&#xA;  significa que &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola#T.C3.A9rminos_incluidos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no se puedan usar ni que sean incorrectas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T09:12:36.623" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T09:12:36.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22881" CreationDate="2017-10-23T13:36:44.420" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latin /t/ turned into /ts/ in Romance when before a &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; (the sound of non-syllabic [i]). This wasn't an isolated occurrence; many consonants underwent similar changes (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalization_(sound_change)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palatalization&lt;/a&gt;). In Spanish this /ts/ went then from palatal/alveolar to dental position /θ/. This sound remained [θ] in most of Spain but turned again into alveolar [s] in America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the same root of &lt;em&gt;marciano&lt;/em&gt; we have &lt;em&gt;marcial&lt;/em&gt;, with the same phonetic change. This is also how all Spanish words ending in &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt; evolved from Latin words ending in &lt;em&gt;-tiōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English transcription of Latin words does not, of course, follow Romance rules or Romance sound changes, so English doesn't change the original spelling with a &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;, though as you can see, palatalization also takes place here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La /t/ del latín pasó a ser /ts/ en romance cuando se encontraba frente a una &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; (un sonido [i] no silábico). No fue un caso aislado; muchas consonantes cambiaron de manera similar por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalizaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palatalización&lt;/a&gt;. En castellano esta /ts/ pasó de ser palatal/alveolar a la posición dental, /θ/. Este sonido continuó siendo [θ] en gran parte de España pero se transformó de vuelta en [s] en América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma raíz que &lt;em&gt;marciano&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;em&gt;marcial&lt;/em&gt;, con la misma transformación fonética. De igual manera evolucionaron todas las palabras castellanas terminadas en &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt;, que provienen de palabras latinas en &lt;em&gt;-tiōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La transcripción inglesa de palabras latinas no sigue, por supuesto, las reglas del romance, ni refleja sus cambios fonéticos, de manera que en inglés no se cambia la &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; original, aunque también aquí hay palatalización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T13:36:44.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22889" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23697" CreationDate="2017-10-23T13:49:07.710" Score="4" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE se puede encontrar esta entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=agalludo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agalludo, da.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;agalla&lt;/em&gt; y -&lt;em&gt;udo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Arg., Chile, P. Rico y Ur. p. us. Dicho de una persona: Animosa, resuelta, valiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Col., Ec., R. Dom. y Ur. Ambicioso, avariento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción la relaciono con la expresión &amp;quot;tener agallas&amp;quot;, que se encuentra en una de las acepciones para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=12nt1M0%7C12yWYX9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agalla&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. pl. coloq. Arrestos, valentía, audacia. &lt;em&gt;Tener agallas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero con segunda acepción no encuentro una relación clara entre &amp;quot;agalla&amp;quot; y ser ambicioso o avariento. ¿De dónde viene esta relación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T20:14:49.927" Title="¿Por qué &quot;ser agalludo&quot; es ser ambicioso o avariento?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22913" CreationDate="2017-10-23T14:47:10.553" Score="10" ViewCount="886" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DPD podemos encontrar las reglas de acentuación bajo la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tilde&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1. Polisílabos. La acentuación gráfica de las palabras de más de una sílaba se atiene a las reglas siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1.1. Las palabras agudas (→ acento, 1.2a) llevan tilde cuando terminan en &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;, en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; o en vocal: &lt;em&gt;balón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;compás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;café&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;colibrí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bonsái&lt;/em&gt;; pero si terminan en -&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; precedida de otra consonante, se escriben sin tilde: &lt;em&gt;zigzags&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;robots&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tictacs&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco llevan tilde las palabras agudas que terminan en -&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, pues esta letra se considera consonante a efectos de acentuación: &lt;em&gt;guirigay&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;virrey&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;convoy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estoy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1.2. Las palabras llanas (→ acento, 1.2b) llevan tilde cuando no terminan en &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;, en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; o en vocal: &lt;em&gt;clímax&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hábil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tándem&lt;/em&gt;. También se acentúan cuando terminan en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; precedida de otra consonante: &lt;em&gt;bíceps&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cómics&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fórceps&lt;/em&gt;; y cuando terminan en &lt;em&gt;-y&lt;/em&gt;, pues esta letra se considera consonante a efectos de acentuación: &lt;em&gt;póney&lt;/em&gt;, yóquey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1.3. Las palabras esdrújulas (→ acento, 1.2c) y sobresdrújulas (→ acento, 1.2d) siempre llevan tilde: &lt;em&gt;cántaro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mecánica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cómetelo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llévesemelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en el Diccionario de Autoridades encontré una texto donde estas reglas debieron ser distintas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades - Tomo V (1737)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PERJUDICAR. v. a. Hacer daño, causar pérdida o perjuicio a otro. Viene del Latino &lt;em&gt;Praejudicare&lt;/em&gt;. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Nocêre&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Damnum inferre&lt;/em&gt;. ALCAZ. Chron. Decad. 3. Año 1. cap. 1. §. 1. Por lo qual no llevaba bien algunas fundaciones que admitia el Santo, cuyo pié de renta no alcanzaba al sustento preciso de sus moradores, sin el recurso a las limosnas, cuya solicitúd perjudicaba a los ministérios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá tenemos varias palabras para las que no se usaría tilde según las reglas actuales, o al revés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;admitia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pié&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;solicitúd&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ministérios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles eran las reglas en ese entonces? ¿Cuándo evolucionaron a las que conocemos actualmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T16:53:31.597" Title="¿Desde cuándo tenemos las actuales reglas de acentuación?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22893" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-23T16:47:32.457" Score="4" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas son algo básicas y generales: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuáles son los factores estilísticos y/o dialectales que inciden en la elección de &quot;ser + participio&quot; o &quot;se pasiva refleja&quot; para referirse a algo en voz pasiva? Ej. &quot;la  fiesta es celebrada cada año&quot; vs. &quot;la fiesta se celebra cada año&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe también una diferencia semántica/funcional? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17666" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T10:45:18.970" Title="Dos formas por una función: &quot;ser+participio&quot; y &quot;se pasiva&quot; para referirse a algo en voz pasiva" Tags="&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22848" CreationDate="2017-10-23T18:46:04.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este hilo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/t%C3%ADo-un-individuo.637103/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; alguien explica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tío/tía&lt;/strong&gt; : Individuo. La relación familiar se reinterpreta en sentido figurado para designar a cualquier persona, o bien como apelativo. Se utiliza con gran frecuencia en la actualidad, sobre todo entre los jóvenes, aunque ya se remonta a 1896, en la obra de R. Salillas El delincuente español. El lenguaje, y a 1905, en el Diccionario de argot común español de L. Besses. En este último presenta curiosas acepciones: tío 'hombre despreciable', 'amo, jefe, señor', 'individuo que lleva cartera con valores'; tía 'señora', 'mujer rústica y grosera', 'ramera' : “Y el TÍO ese, va y me acusa, cuando el que había cometido el delito era otro” .© Espasa Calpe, S.A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tío o tía , que sacaban de sus casullas [sic] a los “bienhablados”, tienen una gran solera: se utilizaban desde antiguo con el sentido de amigo o amiga, compañero, e incluso tenían valores de reconocimiento y gratitud. Asimiladas por la delincuencia en los ss.XVI y XVII, estas palabras perdieron consideración y &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; no significó otra cosa que chulo, matón y bravucón. Por su parte, &lt;em&gt;tía&lt;/em&gt; era tanto como fulana, puta y buscona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de un buen rato buscando por la red, no he conseguido validar esa información ni encontrar su procedencia (no está clara en esa publicación). No entiendo de dónde sale esa afirmación de que el término ya era usado por &amp;quot;la delincuencia en los ss. XVI y XVII&amp;quot;. Yo me atrevería a afirmar que no hay un origen claro y documentado al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso en otros posts o comentarios de ese hilo, los usuarios aportan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;al parecer se esta poniendo de moda por aquí, iba por la calle, cuando escuché a un chico decirle a otro Tío y se notaban que &lt;strong&gt;eran venezolanos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por acá [por México] decimos también cuñao; en Monterrey dicen primo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de esperar que otros países de habla hispana (o regiones) favorezcan otros términos (como  quillo/a, illo/a, flaco/a en Argentina, etc.) pero entiendan el uso de tío/tía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo otros hilos como &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/t%C3%ADo-en-argentina.2384891/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tío en Argentina&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/t%C3%ADo-t%C3%ADa-en-m%C3%A9xico-y-otros-pa%C3%ADses.1816040/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tío / tía en México y otros países&lt;/a&gt; parece ser que no se usa como en España en casi ninguno de los países hermanados por el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T08:29:42.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22893" CreationDate="2017-10-24T02:00:52.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas diferencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La pasiva con &quot;se&quot; es más idiomática que la pasiva perifrástica (ser + participio): &quot;La fiesta se celebra cada año&quot; es más común que &quot;La fiesta es celebrada cada año&quot;, que suena más pesada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sólo la pasiva perifrástica permite la presencia de un agente y, cuando el agente es requerido, esa forma de la pasiva resulta ser la única posible: &quot;La fiesta es celebrada por las familias fundadoras cada año&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La pasiva con &quot;se&quot; permite mayor flexibilidad en el orden sintáctico y esto ofrece una mayor versatilidad estilística: &quot;Cada año se celebra la fiesta en un lugar diferente&quot; (NO &quot;Cada año es celebrada la fiesta en un lugar diferente&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En textos técnicos y científicos suele preferirse la pasiva perifrástica porque, aunque el agente esté ausente, da a entender que la acción es llevada a cabo por alguien. Así, en ese tipo de textos es más habitual encontrar &quot;La mezcla es colocada en un recipiente&quot; que &quot;La mezcla se coloca en un recipiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T02:00:52.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22961" CreationDate="2017-10-24T07:52:27.040" Score="5" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This game has finished. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22961/12637&quot;&gt;The winner is VeAqui&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is an excerpt from Star Wars Episode VI - The Return of the Jedi. Ladies and gentlemen, I give you Yoda's last lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remember, a Jedi's strength flows from the Force. But beware. Anger, fear, aggression. The dark side are they. Once you start down the dark path, forever will it dominate your destiny. Luke... Luke... do not... do not underestimate the powers of the Emperor or suffer your father's fate you will. Luke, when gone am I... the last of the Jedi will you be. Luke, the Force runs strong in your family. Pass on what you have learned, Luke. There is... another... Sky... walker.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(351 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, non-golfed, translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Recuerda, el poder de un Jedi de la Fuerza proviene. Pero cuidado. Ira, miedo, agresión, el reverso tenebroso son. Si a recorrer el camino tenebroso comienzas, para siempre tu destino dominará. Luke... Luke... no... no subestimes los poderes del Emperador, o el destino de tu padre sufrirás. Luke, cuando ido me haya... el último de los Jedi serás. Luke, la Fuerza poderosa en tu familia es. Enseña lo que has aprendido, Luke. Hay... otro... Sky... walker.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(342 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T07:54:28.920" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T07:54:28.920" Title="Translation Golf XXIII - Yoda's Epitaph" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-24T08:02:46.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24027" CreationDate="2017-10-24T07:59:17.003" Score="6" ViewCount="3128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer, buscando información para otra pregunta, acabé consultando la definición de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;capón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=7LE519L&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;capón&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;*cappo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por &lt;em&gt;capo, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un hombre o de un animal: castrado. U. t. c. s. m.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Pollo que se castra cuando es pequeño, y se ceba para comerlo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Haz de sarmientos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mar. Cadena o cabo grueso, firme en la serviola, que sirve para tener suspendida el ancla por el arganeo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. rur. Cuba. Retoño que nace en la planta de tabaco después del primer corte.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=7LEhkBl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;capón&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;*cappo&lt;/strong&gt;, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Golpe dado en la cabeza con el nudillo del dedo corazón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me sorprendió no fue que tuviera esas acepciones, sino el hecho de que para la acepción relativa a &quot;golpe en la cabeza&quot; se indique como origen el latín &lt;em&gt;cappo&lt;/em&gt;, que al fin y al cabo es la misma raíz que se indica para todas las demás acepciones y que quiere decir &quot;pollo castrado y cebado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo una palabra para denominar a un &quot;pollo castrado y cebado&quot;, acabó significando &quot;golpe en la cabeza con los nudillos&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos, ¿por qué aparecen como entradas separadas en el DLE, si el origen etimológico es el mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T12:16:38.963" Title="¿De dónde viene usar &quot;capón&quot; para referirse a un golpe en la cabeza?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22908" CreationDate="2017-10-24T08:06:46.863" Score="6" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the concept of &quot;spin-off&quot; is known as &quot;something that is imitative or derivative of an earlier work, product, or establishment; &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt;: a television show starring a character popular in a secondary role of an earlier show&quot;, but the English term is used for that purpose. So, in Spanish we can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Better call Saul&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;em&gt;spin-off&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;Breaking Bad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this example from the Spanish press:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La televisión norteamericana nos ha acostumbrado a las secuelas, las denominadas &quot;spin-off&quot;, sobre todo en el género de la telecomedia, donde es frecuente que personajes secundarios de una serie se conviertan a su vez en protagonistas de otras [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Vanguardia, 15/09/1994.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that example the word &lt;em&gt;secuela&lt;/em&gt; is used, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XPbzrOo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to the DLE&lt;/a&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;secuela&lt;/em&gt; is a &quot;work that continues the plot started in another work&quot;. But a spin-off do not necessarily needs to continue a previous plot, as they can also be prequels (as in the &lt;em&gt;Better call Saul&lt;/em&gt; example), or just tell a completely new story using a character from a previous show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there a more Spanish way (other than &lt;em&gt;secuela&lt;/em&gt;) to speak about the &lt;em&gt;spin-offs&lt;/em&gt;, or is the English term widely accepted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T19:11:17.663" Title="Is there a way to say &quot;spin-off&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22897" CreationDate="2017-10-24T08:24:19.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;190&lt;/s&gt; 163&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuerza, del Jedi poder es. Tu rama mucha ha. Ojo: ira, miedo, ataque. Lado negro son. Síguelo y regirá tu hado. Luke... valora al Rey... o como papá sufrirás. Sin mí... el Jedi final serás. Da lo que sabes. Hay... otro... Sky... walker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T10:21:44.530" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-24T08:24:19.127" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22902" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22905" CreationDate="2017-10-24T10:39:36.917" Score="5" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cada vez que leo resultados deportivos veo un formato diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Barcelona 5 - 0 Real Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Barcelona 5 : 0 Real Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Barcelona 5 - Real Madrid 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Barcelona 5 : Real Madrid 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Barcelona (5 : 0) Real Madrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Curiosamente, el resultado siempre es el mismo, al menos el que yo deseo :D)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué en el DPD y no encontré ninguna referencia sobre cómo representar estos resultados en enfrentamientos entre dos equipos en competiciones en las que hay un único resultado (en voleibol -&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=1iqOOGVeZD65Py3o1F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;o &lt;em&gt;vóleibol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;- o tenis el resultado es suma de sets).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún formato canónico recomendado o alguno especialmente desaconsejado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T10:47:53.563" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T12:05:28.053" Title="¿Existe algún formato canónico para representar resultados de enfrentamientos deportivos?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2017-10-24T10:42:21.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede tener relación con el catalán &lt;em&gt;cap&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.glosbe.com/ca/es/cap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario catalán-español&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- cabeza&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - frente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17955" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T11:17:31.983" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T11:17:31.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22893" CreationDate="2017-10-24T10:45:18.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general estoy muy de acuerdo con Gustavson, pero quiero insistir en el segundo punto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo la pasiva perifrástica permite la presencia de un agente y,&#xA;  cuando el agente es requerido, esa forma de la pasiva resulta ser la&#xA;  única posible: &quot;La fiesta es celebrada por las familias fundadoras&#xA;  cada año&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso, yo creo que sólo utilizo la forma &quot;ser + participio&quot; cuando necesito indicar o más bien &lt;strong&gt;resaltar&lt;/strong&gt; el agente. Si éste está implícito u omitido, uso la pasiva refleja. No es que &quot;ser + participio&quot; esté mal, pero la pasiva refleja da lugar a una expresión mucho más fluida, flexible e idiomática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T10:45:18.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22902" CreationDate="2017-10-24T11:21:38.230" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una entrada en Wikilengua llamada &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Ortotipograf%C3%ADa_en_deportes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortotipografía en deportes&lt;/a&gt;. Una pequeña &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Ortotipograf%C3%ADa_en_deportes#Resultados_en_encuentros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sección&lt;/a&gt; habla sobre como se escriben los resultados y dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los encuentros de dos equipos o jugadores el resultado se da con&#xA;  dos números separados con guion y sin espacio. Cuando corresponda, el&#xA;  primer número corresponde al equipo local y el segundo al visitante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ganó el partido por 1-4 [lo ganó siendo visitante]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tus ejemplos son un poco distintos ya que está el nombre del equipo y seguido el resultado y seguramente vayan en una tabla con otros resultados. Ahí no sé si hay alguna recomendación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T12:05:28.053" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T12:05:28.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22665" CreationDate="2017-10-24T11:30:18.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más que he podido encontrar sobre el origen de la expresión es &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0030310069&amp;amp;page=2&amp;amp;search=%22se%20las%20trae%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este texto&lt;/a&gt;, encontrado en la hemeroteca de la BNE, que data de 1891:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;A los juegos de palabras únense ahora los &lt;em&gt;modismos&lt;/em&gt;, los &lt;em&gt;timos&lt;/em&gt;, los &lt;em&gt;camelos&lt;/em&gt;, los giros extraños, tomados unas veces de idiomas extranjeros, recogidos otras entre la &lt;em&gt;chulapería&lt;/em&gt; madrileña é inventados no pocas en los llamados círculos de buen tono&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Hoy se oye decir:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Fulano &lt;em&gt;se las trae&lt;/em&gt; para un rato.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;O bien:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot;Eso es muy fin de siglo;&quot; ó «¡Qué fin de siglo es Mengano!&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;En verdad os digo que el que oye uno de esos &lt;em&gt;timos&lt;/em&gt; por vez primera, no sabe si trata con dementes ó con &lt;em&gt;graciosos&lt;/em&gt;: reconocer esto último cuesta muchísimo trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1: Propios de gente distinguida o elegante.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Justicia (Madrid). 8/11/1891, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese como el texto pone en cursiva &lt;em&gt;se las trae&lt;/em&gt;, indicando que esa expresión es la que contiene el &lt;em&gt;timo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;dicho o frase que se repite a manera de muletilla&quot;) o el &lt;em&gt;camelo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;dicho o discurso intencionadamente desprovisto de sentido&quot; o &quot;chasco, burla&quot;). Es decir, que esa frase muy posiblemente carezca de sentido. Nótese además que lo de &quot;para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VEKIuUF#5zNOEAH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un rato&lt;/a&gt;&quot; puede significar &quot;mucho&quot; (aunque por aquella época se usaba &quot;un buen rato&quot;, según el DLE de entonces).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, podemos centrar su origen en la última década del siglo XIX, posiblemente fruto de la &lt;em&gt;chulapería&lt;/em&gt; madrileña, aunque sin poder especificar qué se trae porque seguramente ni en su origen se quisiera que significara que se trajera nada en concreto, especialmente si su origen era burlesco como parece ser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T11:30:18.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T12:15:45.530" Score="3" ViewCount="3112" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this (simple) sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo dijo la historia. (He told her the story.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is also right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; lo dijo la historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the latter doesn't seem so prevalent or even acceptable. &lt;strong&gt;What's the reason for that?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta oración simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo dijo la historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pienso también esa es correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; lo dijo la historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sino la última no parece tan frecuente o aún admisible. ¿&lt;strong&gt;Por qué&lt;/strong&gt; es esa cosa? (No pregunto de &quot;cuándo&quot;, sino pregunto de &quot;porqué&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T03:39:51.993" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T08:48:20.930" Title="Why &quot;se lo&quot; instead of &quot;le lo&quot;? / ¿Por qué debo escoger &quot;se lo&quot; en vez de &quot;le lo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22899" CreationDate="2017-10-24T14:46:12.423" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading through some articles on the web, it seems that the term &quot;serie derivada&quot; is sometimes used as a translation for &quot;spin off&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/play/series/abci-nueva-serie-derivada-anatomia-grey-estara-protagonizada-bomberos-201705170903_noticia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a sample article discussing the announcement of a spin off of the show &quot;Grey's anatomy&quot;. However, as you may see in the same article, the English term &quot;spin off&quot; is also commonly accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17907" LastEditorUserId="17907" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T00:50:30.473" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T00:50:30.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T14:57:19.907" Score="10" ViewCount="929" Body="&lt;p&gt;En wikipedia se explica sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunci%C3%B3n_(gram%C3%A1tica)#Conjunciones_disyuntivas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjunción disyuntiva&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sus nexos son o y u (ante palabras que empiezan por &quot;o-&quot; u &quot;ho-&quot;). Las conjunciones disyuntivas indican alternancia entre opciones. Dicha alternancia puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exclusiva&lt;/strong&gt; o excluyente (&quot;¿Vienes o te quedas?&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abierta&lt;/strong&gt;, inclusiva o incluyente (¿&quot;&lt;em&gt;Estudias&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;trabajas&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;, en el sentido de que pueden hacerse las dos cosas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De equivalencia denominativa&lt;/strong&gt;, cuando se unen dos expresiones con idéntico valor denominativo: &quot;*Los médicos estudian la dispepsia*** o** &lt;em&gt;digestión lenta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Cervantes&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;El manco de Lepant&lt;/em&gt;o&quot;. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Don Álvaro&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;La fuerza del sino&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/questions/40/whats-the-difference-between-vel-aut-ve-et-cetera/73&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; se menciona la existencia en latín de ciertas conjunciones que entiendo son equivalentes al &quot;o&quot;, pero con sus funciones separadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aut&lt;/strong&gt;: disyunción exclusiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Licet tibi habere aut vim aut laetitia -&gt; Puedes tener poder o felicidad pero no ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vel&lt;/strong&gt;: disyunción inclusiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Licet tibi habere vel vim vel laetitia -&gt; Puedes tener poder o felicidad, o ambos, si lo deseas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces pienso que si bien el contexto ayuda para decidir si una &quot;o&quot; es exclusiva o inclusiva, esta conjunción puede llegar a ser ambigua, por lo que me pareció curioso que el latín si tuviera una particula distinta para cada caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Tuvo el español alguna vez conjunciones disyuntivas distintas así como el latín? Y si nunca las tuvo, o si las perdió en algún momento, ¿por qué pasó eso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y agregando la pregunta del comentario de @walen: ¿existe alguna manera hoy en día de especificar esta diferencia en español, más allá del contexto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T14:35:12.183" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:06:59.020" Title="¿Tuvo alguna vez el español una manera de diferenciar el &quot;o&quot; inclusivo del exclusivo?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22890" CreationDate="2017-10-24T15:52:24.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy revisando las ediciones de la Ortografía de la RAE. Debo decir que las reglas de acentuación de la primera edición eran un auténtico guirigay, aunque para las posteriores ediciones se cambiaron un poco, las cuales fueron las siguientes durante bastante tiempo (las básicas al menos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunca acentuar monosílabos salvo si tienen más de dos significados (de/dé).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las agudas se acentúan si acaban en vocal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las llanas se acentúan si acaban en consonante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las esdrújulas y sobreesdrújulas se acentúan siempre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas reglas se mantuvieron hasta hace relativamente poco. Por ejemplo, en las Gramáticas de 1870 y 1874 (durante un tiempo se dejaron de publicar ediciones de la Ortografía, que se integró en la Gramática) vemos que la regla es parecida a la actual, pero con diferencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las agudas se acentúan si acaban en vocal, o si acaban en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; porque son plurales, o si acaban en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; porque sean tiempos verbales que acaban así. De esta forma, palabras como &lt;em&gt;compás&lt;/em&gt; no se acentuaban al no ser plurales aunque acabaran en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las llanas se acentúan si acaban en consonante y no son plurales ni verbos: &lt;em&gt;miéntras&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cármen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;entónces&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No consigo acceder a los textos de Gramáticas y Ortografías posteriores, pero podemos hacer una prueba sencilla, con los datos que tenemos hasta ahora: buscar &lt;em&gt;compás&lt;/em&gt; en las ediciones del DLE usando el NTLLE y ver cuándo cambió su acentuación. Y entonces salta la sorpresa: en la edición de 1822 está sin tilde, y en la de 1832 con tilde, sigue así hasta 1869 en la que la tilde vuelve a desaparecer, y en 1884 la vuelve a tener. Y así se queda ya hasta hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probemos con &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt;, que debería ir acentuada. Con tilde en 1803, sin tilde desde 1817 hasta 1852, vuelta con tilde en 1869 y sin tilde desde 1884. Idéntica evolución sufrió &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que las ediciones del DLE y de la Ortografía no iban muy de la mano que digamos. Fue en 1869 cuando se pusieron serios e hicieron una versión del diccionario que iba acorde con las reglas de acentuación que ellos mismos promulgaban, y en algún momento entre esa fecha y 1884 la regla de acentuar las agudas acabadas en &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; se extendió a todas la palabras, y no solo a plurales y tiempos verbales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si miramos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/la-institucion/historia/siglo-xix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cronología de la RAE en el siglo XIX&lt;/a&gt;, vemos lo siguiente entre las dos ediciones mencionadas del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-1869. Aparece la undécima edición del Diccionario de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1870. Se inicia la publicación del Prontuario de ortografía de la lengua castellana en preguntas y respuestas. Tuvo treinta y una ediciones, la última de 1931. Las tres últimas cambiaron en el título la expresión lengua castellana por lengua española.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1870. Duodécima edición de la Gramática de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1874. Decimotercera edición de la Gramática de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1875. El 2 de diciembre Juan de la Pezuela y Ceballos (silla a) es elegido decimoquinto director.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1878. Decimocuarta edición de la Gramática de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1880. Decimoquinta edición de la Gramática de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1883. Decimosexta edición de la Gramática de la lengua castellana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -1884. Duodécima edición del Diccionario de la lengua castellana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos que hasta 1874 al menos, las reglas aún no eran las actuales. Y justo en 1875 la Academia cambia de director. Resulta muy probable que fuera este nuevo director quien decidiera cambiar las reglas, simplificándolas para no tener que depender de si una palabra era plural o tiempo verbal para saber si acentuarla o no, y así hacerlas ya idénticas a como las tenemos hoy, aunque no he podido encontrar nada que lo corrobore. En todo caso, sabemos que dicho cambio debió aparecer publicado en las ediciones de la Gramática entre 1878 y 1883.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T15:52:24.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22897" CreationDate="2017-10-24T16:16:02.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;178 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira, la Garra, fuerte en los tuyos, es el poder del Jedi. Vigila! Ira, miedo, daño son la Mala Vía sin retorno. Valora el poder del Zar o te verás como tu papi, Luke. Al irme serás el último Jedi. Educa con tu saber. Hay... otro... Skywalker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traduzco Dark Side (Reverso Tenebroso u Oscuro) como la Mala Vía (el Mal Camino)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Emperador ahora es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cNf58Lf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zar&lt;/a&gt; (soberano de ciertos países del este)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strike&gt;La Fuerza es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C3%AC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Qí&lt;/a&gt;:  En la cultura tradicional china, literalmente «aire, aliento, disposición de ánimo», es el principio activo que forma parte de todo ser vivo y que se podría traducir como &amp;quot;flujo vital de energía&amp;quot;. Al igual que &amp;quot;la Fuerza&amp;quot; es aquello que nos conecta y de lo que el universo está formado.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &amp;quot;fuerte en los tuyos&amp;quot; para &amp;quot;fuerte/intenso en tu familia&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IvZfWwx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garra&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; en su tercera acepción (Fuerza, empuje.) para designar a la Fuerza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T13:46:34.570" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-24T16:16:02.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22899" CreationDate="2017-10-24T19:07:17.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need to worry about that if you want to write in press.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My main language is Spanish and I personally I think it would be a little akward read &quot;Serie derivada&quot;. English is a so &quot;virulent&quot; language that have inserted new words in other languages, if you say &quot;spin-off&quot; I am sure that the majority of people will understand it meaning in related with series.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin-off&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; there is a link to explain the spin-off meaning and it can mean 2 different things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spin-off or derivative is an Anglo-Saxon term that refers to a project born as an extension of a previous one, or even more of a company born from another one by means of the separation of a subsidiary division or department of the company to become a company by itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A derivative series or spin-off is a series of television, of films, of radio programs, of videogames or of narrative works created as sequel from an existing work, taking of this some main element, commonly a character that was part of the leading cast, the place where the facts occurred, or the fictitious universe of the original work.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I take that as a proof that spin-off is almost a new term of spanish. Spanish borrow the word from English instead of make a new one and now we (refering to spanish people) use them like it's was our.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I will write a list of spanish pages were the spin-off (series) term is used (I'll try to put different websites so you can notice is use even more):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sensacine.com/series/album/album-18523891/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los 20 mejores 'spin-off' de la televisión.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/television/series-tv/2017-05-17/anatomia-de-grey-spinoff-bomberos-abc_1383772/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ABC encarga un nuevo spin-off de 'Anatomía de Grey'.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/entretencion/television/series/anuncian-serie-spin-off-de-pretty-little-liars/2017-09-25/184935.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anuncian serie spin off de &quot;Pretty Little Liars&quot;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cadenaser.com/ser/2017/10/16/television/1508145235_104097.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El prometedor y ambicioso spin off que tiene en mente el creador de 'La Casa de Papel'.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/television/2017/07/10/59635d6ee2704ef3488b45ce.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FX rehace el 'spin off' de 'Sons of Anarchy'.&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tevecine.com/10-series-de-television-que-tuvieron-su-origen-en-otras-series/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;10 series de televisión que tuvieron su origen en otras series&lt;/a&gt; (Both terms).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/television/2017/05/05/590ca71c46163f82618b4623.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HBO trabaja en cuatro series derivadas de Juego de tronos.&lt;/a&gt; (Both terms)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw that both terms were used in some pages, so I think you could use any of both, personally it's the first time I read &quot;serie derivada&quot;, but it's also common and it's generally used to explain what means spin-off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="16980" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T19:11:17.663" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T19:11:17.663" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2017-10-24T19:31:20.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is someone says to you &lt;strong&gt;Gracias&lt;/strong&gt; you can answer with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De nada:&lt;/strong&gt; (You're welcome) This is the most common of all answers.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Me podrías prestar un lápiz?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; Aquí tienes. (Entrega un lápiz).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; Gracias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; De nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay de qué&lt;/strong&gt;: It's a little less common.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; No puedo abrir la tapa de esta botella, es muy dura.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; (Abre la botella).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; Ah, gracias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; No hay de qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is someone has caused a problem, he gives you thanks and you aren't annoyed about the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No pasa nada:&lt;/strong&gt; (Nothing [bad] happen) It's informal and common.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; (Se tropieza con &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;). Ups, perdón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; No pasa nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No te preocupes:&lt;/strong&gt; (Don't worry about it) It's more formal and also is common.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A:&lt;/strong&gt; (Se tropieza con &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;). Ups, perdón, ¿Estas bien?.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;B:&lt;/strong&gt; Estoy bien, no te preocupes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay problema:&lt;/strong&gt; (No problem) It's uncommon.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;:(, I don't know any example right know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in another situations you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con mucho gusto:&lt;/strong&gt; (¿?) When someone ask you to do something and you are glad of doing the task.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es un placer:&lt;/strong&gt; (It's a pleasure)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El placer es mio:&lt;/strong&gt; (The pleasure is mine) It's used when a person says that it is a pleasure being with you and you say that the pleasure is the opposite, you are pleased of being with him. It's very formal and you can only say it if the another said that it's a pleasure first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El honor es mio:&lt;/strong&gt; (The honor is mine) The same as the above but with honor instead of pleasure. I think it's very formal and used only in special events.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="16980" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T18:36:05.677" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T18:36:05.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22597" CreationDate="2017-10-24T19:46:38.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live in Argentina and here we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo te fue (hoy / el día)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Que tal (tu día)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo te va?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu día?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo va tu día?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In brackets optionals parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer you can be &lt;strong&gt;very simple&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hoy me fue bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estuvo bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me va bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T19:46:38.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22897" CreationDate="2017-10-24T21:46:43.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;186&lt;/strike&gt; &lt;strike&gt;179&lt;/strike&gt; 174&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El vigor Jedi nace del Brío, recio en tu sangre. ¡eh! ¿ira, miedo, atraco? : ¡negrura que dominaría tu destino! subestimar al sultán es sufrir como tu padre. Yendome serás el último Jedi. Pasa lo sabido, Luke. Hay otro Skywalker&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usé &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=YghqW6w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sultán&lt;/a&gt; en lugar de Emperador&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dark path&lt;/em&gt; la traduje como negrura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=VRTZAej%7CVRUXi5l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;recia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la uso como sinónimo de fuerte&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/agresi%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atraco&lt;/a&gt; en lugar de agresión&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=672nRvF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brío&lt;/a&gt; como sinónimo de fuerza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ERYOg9R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;eh&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para llamar la atención (beware)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T21:18:01.353" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T21:18:01.353" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-24T21:46:43.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22907" CreationDate="2017-10-24T22:17:47.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your examples do not mean what you mean to say, but leaving that aside, your issue is with why you must say &lt;em&gt;se lo&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;le lo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;lo le&lt;/em&gt;). The answer is: because it's just like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of clitic (short, non-emphatic) personal pronouns in Spanish. They can be used in verb phrases as direct objects (accusative), or as indirect objects (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22678/qu%C3%A9-es-un-dativo-cu%C3%A1ntos-hay-cu%C3%A1l-es-su-diferencia-con-los-pronombres-refle/22681#22681&quot;&gt;dative&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronouns for the first and second persons, singular and plural, look the same in the accusative and in the dative: &lt;em&gt;me, te, nos, os&lt;/em&gt; (note that &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; is used only in Spain; it corresponds to the subject pronoun &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The accusative third person pronouns vary in gender and number: they are &lt;em&gt;lo, la&lt;/em&gt; for masculine and feminine singular, respectively, and &lt;em&gt;los, las&lt;/em&gt; for the plural. The dative third person pronouns are singular &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and plural &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; (they do not inflect for gender).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some verbs (called ditransitive) can take both a direct and an indirect object, and if both of the objects are replaced by pronouns, there are some rules about that. The first rule is that the dative pronoun goes first, then the accusative, so it must be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me lo diste.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;You gave it to me.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*&lt;em&gt;Lo me diste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same rule applies even if the pronouns go after the verb, as is the case in imperatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dámelo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Give it to me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule that concerns you question is that, in addition to the above, the third person dative pronouns &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; can't be in the same phrase as the third person accusative pronouns &lt;em&gt;lo, la, los, las&lt;/em&gt;; if they do appear, they change to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; (which does not inflect for gender or number). So, if in my examples above we wished to change the first person into third person, we will have to change &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; into &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se lo diste.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;You gave it to him/her.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Dáselo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Give it to him/her.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I gave a few more examples in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22653/14627&quot;&gt;a related question about the uses of the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T03:38:32.457" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T03:38:32.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22907" CreationDate="2017-10-24T22:19:19.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think this is also right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le lo dijo la historia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As some already commented, the second example is wrong. In DPD you can find this explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1. Se pronominal&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  Como pronombre personal, invariable en género y número, tiene distintos valores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Variante formal de le(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el pronombre de dativo le(s) precede a alguno de los pronombres de acusativo de tercera persona &lt;em&gt;lo(s)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la(s)&lt;/em&gt;, adopta la forma se: &lt;em&gt;Les compré caramelos&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;Se los compré&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Le puse los zapatos&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;Se los puse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case you have a dative pronoun (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;) which is before a accusative pronoun (los). The &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; adopts the form &quot;se&quot; as the rule explains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T22:19:19.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22899" CreationDate="2017-10-25T01:14:26.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is &quot;desprendimiento&quot;, as you can see at the beginning of the second paragraph of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lanacion.com.ar/680790-la-marina-en-el-ojo-del-huracan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;spin-off&quot; is also used in business law to refer to a company that has been established as a result of the splitting (&lt;em&gt;escisión&lt;/em&gt;) of a larger company, and this idea of a secondary series deriving from an original one seems to be in keeping with the same concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T01:14:26.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22927" CreationDate="2017-10-25T01:54:35.780" Score="7" ViewCount="6299" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las acepciones de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ROsZqkH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pachanga&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; según el RAE tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Danza originaria de Cuba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Alboroto, fiesta, diversión bulliciosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Partido informal de fútbol, baloncesto u otros deportes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Arg., Cuba, El Salv., Guat., Nic. y Ur. Fiesta popular o familiar, generalmente con baile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda y tercera acepción (y por extensión la cuarta) son las que yo conocía. No sabía que una &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt; era de hecho un tipo de baile. Revisando la etimología de &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?pachanga&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; dice que la palabra &amp;quot;chango&amp;quot; hace referencia a un dios del vudú y que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pachanga era la fiesta para &amp;quot;Changó&amp;quot;, es decir &amp;quot;pa'Chango&amp;quot;, la cual finalmente se transformó el &amp;quot;pachanga&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esa etimología entiendo que &lt;code&gt;pachanga&lt;/code&gt; se use para aquello relacionado con fiesta, danza, jaleo, diversión, etc. Sin embargo, &amp;quot;partido amistoso de fútbol o baloncesto&amp;quot; es forzarlo un poco. A fin de cuentas si entendemos un partido de fútbol, por muy amistoso que sea, como una danza o fiesta, ¿qué otras asociaciones no podríamos hacer de la misma manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha llegado &lt;code&gt;pachanga&lt;/code&gt; a designar a &amp;quot;Partido informal de fútbol, baloncesto u otros deportes&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T08:46:29.830" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;pachanga&quot; el significado de &quot;Partido informal de fútbol&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22899" CreationDate="2017-10-25T06:33:39.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco de información por mi cuenta, veo que la Fundeu apoya la opción de serie derivada, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/spin-off-anglicismo-innecesario-630/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;propone además&lt;/a&gt; otra opción interesante: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;esqueje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, en televisión, una serie &lt;em&gt;spin-off&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la que ha sido 'creada a partir de otra ya existente, tomando de esta algún personaje, rasgo o situación', por lo que en español se aconseja escribir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;serie derivada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Otra alternativa es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;esqueje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, término empleado metafóricamente por el crítico cinematográfico Pepe Nieves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta interesante el símil con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GgX0gHA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esqueje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tallo o cogollo que se introduce en tierra para reproducir la planta&quot;): de una serie se corta una pequeña parte y se aprovecha para crear una serie nueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T06:33:39.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22922" CreationDate="2017-10-25T08:08:15.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt; comenzó a circular por España en la década de los 60, como podemos ver si buscamos el término en la hemeroteca del diario ABC. Allí podemos encontrar un primer caso que habla sobre el baile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;La pachanga&quot; hace furor estos días en los salones de baile del país. Desde los tiempos del charlestón y el tango no se había visto nada igual. Un semanario escribe hoy que &quot;la panchanga&quot; cubana es la venganza de Castro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC de Madrid, 24-5-1961, &quot;Fidel Castro ha convertido a sus prisioneros en moneda de la guerra fría&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachanga_(m%C3%BAsica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, la pachanga es un tipo de baile fiestero y movido. Por tanto, no es raro que en algún momento se usara como alegoría de un estilo de juego desordenado y caótico, cuando se habla de fútbol:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobre Polonia, Suárez dijo: &quot;Puede ser un rival interesante, ya que sus jugadores poseen técnica individual y puede haber un duelo táctico en el centro del campo, pero su estilo no tiene muchas similitudes con el de Hungría. De todas formas, no quiero que sea una pachanga y vamos a jugarlo con seriedad en todas las líneas.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC de Sevilla, 20-9-1989, &quot;El zaragozista Villarroya debutará hoy en la selección absoluta frente a Polonia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de ahí se pasó a usar el término para partidos de fútbol informales, en los que más que técnica y rigurosidad hay ganas de diversión, como en el baile homónimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T08:08:15.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22926" CreationDate="2017-10-25T08:12:03.033" Score="2" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/24394/what-came-first-starboard-or-estribor&quot;&gt;a Linguistics.SE question I asked some time ago&lt;/a&gt;, someone made this comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sounds as if the Spanish [&lt;em&gt;estribor&lt;/em&gt;] has been folk-etymologised to refer to 'estribo' - &lt;strong&gt;I wonder if that in turn is a borrowing from English '&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/stirrup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stirrup&lt;/a&gt;'&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought nothing of it back then, but today I decided to check that claim and I was surprised to find out that &lt;strong&gt;the current DLE entry for &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt; is marked as &quot;of uncertain origin&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=GzWj5od&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estribo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pieza de metal, madera o cuero, que pende de la ación y en la que el jinete apoya el pie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it's not that far-fetched to think that &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;stirrup&lt;/em&gt; are related (somewhat similar pronunciation, and apparently similar roots), but surely the RAE would have noticed by now??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there any info available that supports the claim Spanish &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt; comes from English &lt;em&gt;stirrup&lt;/em&gt; or at least from the same Germanic / PIE root?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T08:44:37.357" Title="Does Spanish &quot;estribo&quot; come from English &quot;stirrup&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22925" CreationDate="2017-10-25T08:44:37.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues veamos. Aunque ahora mismo esté &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt; marcada como de origen incierto, sí que ha tenido algunas etimologías propuestas a lo largo del tiempo. La primera aparece en el diccionario de Rosal de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] parecen del Gr. stíbo, o stíbéo, que significan pisar y apretar el pie, hacer fuerza y detener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, las etimologías del doctor Francisco del Rosal no terminan de convencerme. En las primeras ediciones del DLE no se dice nada, pero durante gran parte del siglo XX (desde 1939 hasta 1970) se tuvo por origen el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del alto alemán &lt;em&gt;streban&lt;/em&gt;, apoyarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1984 pasó a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del germánico *&lt;em&gt;strinps&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;strenp&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y desde 1992 se considera de origen incierto. El hecho de que al menos se haya considerado la etimología alemana le da un cierto margen de probabilidad de que sea cierta. Por otro lado, si miramos la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stirrup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de &lt;em&gt;stirrup&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Middle English &lt;em&gt;stirop&lt;/em&gt;, from Old English &lt;em&gt;stigrāp&lt;/em&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;stig-&lt;/em&gt; (akin to Old High German &lt;em&gt;stīgan&lt;/em&gt; to go up) + &lt;em&gt;rāp&lt;/em&gt; rope&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la palabra española se propone que viene del alto alemán &lt;em&gt;streban&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que la inglesa vendría de la raíz &lt;em&gt;stig-&lt;/em&gt; del mismo idioma. Las palabras son similares, lo que podría indicar una raíz común con &lt;em&gt;st-&lt;/em&gt;, como por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steyg%CA%B0-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;steygʰ-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con el significado de &quot;pisar&quot; o &quot;trepar&quot;, origen de palabras como &lt;em&gt;stair&lt;/em&gt; en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese en todo caso que esto son probabilidades, debido a la actual clasificación de la palabra como de origen incierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T08:44:37.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22922" CreationDate="2017-10-25T08:46:29.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escarbando en el Mapa de diccionarios académicos detecté que palabra &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt; en sí es muy reciente. Apenas se introdujo en los años 90 del siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es extraño este descubrimiento, pues la palabra en sí apenas tiene 50 años de vida, tal y como se lee en &lt;a href=&quot;https://sabiduriadeescalera.com/por-que-pachanga-es-sinonimo-de-fiesta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Por qué Pachanga es sinónimo de fiesta?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pachanga surgió en Cuba cerca de 1959 como un estilo musical mezclando el son montuno y el merengue, tiene un ritmo movido y sus letras son alegres y burlonas. Se popularizó con la canción del mismo nombre que compuso Eduardo Davidsón y tocó con la orquesta Sublime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta canción y el furor que causó fue muy popular en Cuba, su éxito fue tal que era la música más conocida de Cuba cuando estalló la revolución. Incluso el Che Guevara describió a su movimiento como “Socialismo con pachanga”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En parte la responsabilidad del sinónimo con fiesta la tiene el escritor y premio nobel Gabriel García Márquez, quien después de un viaje a La Habana, describió a Cuba como: “una pachanga fenomenal”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, tal y como comentas en tu enunciado, la palabra inicialmente surgió para definir un baile. Baile y Cuba se unieron para designar un acto social festivo (vals y Austria no habría provocado lo mismo, por ejemplo), que poco a poco fue ampliando su sentido hasta designar un encuentro de amigos. Lo mismo en alguno de ellos alguien sacó un balón y empezaron a jugar al fútbol, extendiendo &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt; a ese &lt;em&gt;partidillo&lt;/em&gt; sin demasiadas reglas ni seriedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré un blog la mar de majo llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://palabradechile.blogspot.com.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palabra de Chile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Se define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy español, casado con una chilena. Este blog surge de los numerosos malentendidos y anécdotas por los distintos usos del idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí hay una entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://palabradechile.blogspot.com.es/2015/06/pichanga.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pichanga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el que destaca el uso de &lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;changa&lt;/em&gt; en Chile, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22922/c%C3%B3mo-adquiri%C3%B3-pachanga-el-significado-de-partido-informal-de-f%C3%BAtbol#comment36831_22922&quot;&gt;comentó Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pachanga en España o pichanga en Chile, estamos hablando de un partido de fútbol, informal, entre amigos, de esos que no tienen duración, las porterías son dos rocas, o las mochilas, o los jerseys (chalecos) de los propios jugadores, con duración indefinida, generalmente hasta que el dueño de la pelota se tiene que marchar, y que en medio del partido entran, salen o cambian jugadores de equipo según las circunstancias lo aconsejen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También encontré curioso que en 1988 el grupo Mano Negra sacara un disco llamado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchanka&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Patchanka&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que a mi entender utilizaron como variante de &lt;em&gt;pachanga&lt;/em&gt;. Para rematar, unos años después sacaron un disco en directo llamado &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Hell_of_Patchinko&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;In the Hell of Patchinko&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Creo que es un buen símbolo de una palabra que se popularizó muy rápidamente y, a partir de allí, evolucionó de mil maneras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T08:46:29.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23555" CreationDate="2017-10-25T08:48:02.927" Score="6" ViewCount="7919" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer un compañero se quejaba de que su gato maullaba mucho por la noche. Lo cual llevó al siguiente diálogo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Lo tienes &lt;strong&gt;capado&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí, pero es que uno de mis vecinos tiene una gata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Eso da igual, si está &lt;strong&gt;capado&lt;/strong&gt; no debe afectarle la gata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Sí le afecta, porque lo tengo sin &lt;strong&gt;castrar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — ¿Pero no me acabas de decir que sí que lo habías &lt;strong&gt;capado&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — ¿Eh? ¡Ah, que &lt;strong&gt;capado&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir &lt;strong&gt;castrado&lt;/strong&gt;! &lt;em&gt;No lo sabía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo decir que la última frase me sorprendió bastante (a mí y a varios que estaban escuchando): yo pensaba que &quot;capar&quot; era, por así decirlo, el verbo estándar para referirse a esterilizar un animal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Incluso el DLE te redirige a &quot;capar&quot; cuando buscas &quot;castrar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=castrar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;castrar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=capar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (‖ extirpar los órganos genitales).&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;capón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;tr. Extirpar o inutilizar los órganos genitales a una persona o a un animal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más curioso de todo es que tanto él como yo &lt;em&gt;somos de la misma ciudad&lt;/em&gt;. Me habría esperado esta confusión hablando con alguien de otra región o país, pero no con un paisano...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, esto me hace plantearme la pregunta:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿En qué países o zonas de habla hispana se utiliza más &quot;castrar&quot; que &quot;capar&quot;? ¿Es &quot;capar&quot; un verbo conocido en todas partes o solamente en algunas regiones de España?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T05:58:58.110" Title="¿Preferencia de uso de &quot;capar&quot; o &quot;castrar&quot; según la zona?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22907" CreationDate="2017-10-25T09:35:15.377" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You were already answered the question &lt;strong&gt;when to use &lt;em&gt;se lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; but I understand your question is more &lt;strong&gt;why using &lt;em&gt;se lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of the expected &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;le lo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like a lot of people, I wrongly believed this irregularity was due to euphonious reasons, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;le lo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; being considered unpleasing to the ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; digo una cosa&lt;/em&gt; = I tell something to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; digo&lt;/em&gt; = I tell it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le lo&lt;/strong&gt; digo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;becomes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se lo&lt;/strong&gt; digo&lt;/em&gt; = I tell it to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same in the imperative mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dílo&lt;/em&gt; = Tell it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = Tell me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dí&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; = Tell it to me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = Tell him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dí&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; = Tell it to him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is no real cacophony in &lt;em&gt;lelo&lt;/em&gt;, the first name &lt;em&gt;Lola&lt;/em&gt; or the substantive &lt;em&gt;pelele&lt;/em&gt; (dummy) do not present any problem in Spanish, not to mention &lt;em&gt;lelo&lt;/em&gt; exists in Spanish both as a substantive and an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to understand why Spanish uses &lt;em&gt;selo&lt;/em&gt; is to look at the Italian usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dimmelo&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Dímelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;gli&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Dile&lt;/em&gt; = Tell him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;llo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Dilo&lt;/em&gt; = Tell it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;glielo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Díselo&lt;/em&gt; = Tell it to him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun starts with an [ʎ] sound. It is coming from the Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;illi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarily, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;illi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; gave &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; \ʒe\ in ancient Spanish so the old form was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dí&lt;strong&gt;ge&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The alternative form &lt;em&gt;dí&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; superseded the former and is now the norm:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Real Academia Española de la lengua, Nueva gramática de la&#xA;lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, Madrid, Espasa Libros, 2009&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Téngase en cuenta que una vez que se llega a la forma gelo, con prepalatal sorda, quedaban abiertas dos opciones : la velarización, que seguiría un proceso natural desde el punto de vista fonológico, pero crearía una forma pronominal&#xA;aislada, y la asimilación analógica a las combinaciones con el reflexivo, que se vio facilitada por la proximidad fonética de la prepalatal con la retrofleja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source (if you read French) : &lt;a href=&quot;http://revues.univ-tlse2.fr/reflexos/index.php?id=244&amp;amp;file=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De la morphosyntaxe du pronom complément indirect en espagnol : * Le lo, ge lo, se lo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T22:05:30.140" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22930" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-25T09:59:57.393" Score="5" ViewCount="968" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trasteando con el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, encuentro de vez en cuando cosas curiosas, como una acepción hoy desaparecida de la palabra &lt;em&gt;cal&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CAL. s. f. Lo mismo que Calle abreviada la pronunciación. Usase en algunas partes de Andalucia, especialmente en Sevilla, donde dicen Cal de Génova, Cal de Francos, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción ya estaba marcada como &quot;antigua&quot; en la edición de 1780. Sin embargo, la acepción de &quot;cal&quot; como &quot;calle&quot; se mantuvo en el diccionario hasta la edición de 1992. En la de 2001 desapareció.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como habitante de Sevilla durante la mayor parte de mi vida, no he encontrado vestigio alguno de que alguna vez se dijera &quot;cal&quot; por &quot;calle&quot; aquí. Así que pregunto: ¿durante qué época fue común usar &quot;cal&quot; como abreviatura de &quot;calle&quot;? ¿Se usó solo en Andalucía o también en otras partes de España? ¿Queda algún vestigio actualmente, como algún cartel antiguo que ponga &quot;Cal de XXX&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿por qué la RAE borró esta palabra del diccionario en vez de marcarla como en desuso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-12-05T14:04:25.447" Title="Uso de &quot;cal&quot; como abreviatura de &quot;calle&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22933" CreationDate="2017-10-25T10:42:20.920" Score="4" ViewCount="1101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al ver la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22925/does-spanish-estribo-come-from-english-stirrup&quot;&gt;Does Spanish &amp;quot;estribo&amp;quot; come from English &amp;quot;stirrup&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; he pensado si la palabra &lt;em&gt;estribillo&lt;/em&gt; que parece tener la misma raiz tendría algo que ver, al parecer sí que están relacionadas como podemos ver en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GzV3CkN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estribillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Expresión o cláusula en verso, que se repite después de cada estrofa en algunas composiciones líricas, que a veces también empiezan&#xA;con ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Voz o frase que por hábito vicioso se dice con frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones nada tienen que ver con las de &lt;em&gt;estribo&lt;/em&gt; y sin embargo proviene del diminutivo de esta palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo llego &lt;em&gt;estribillo&lt;/em&gt; a significar estrofa que se repite en composición lírica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T13:12:15.227" Title="¿De dónde viene el significado de &quot;estribillo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22934" CreationDate="2017-10-25T10:43:48.147" Score="8" ViewCount="18062" Body="&lt;p&gt;De vez en cuando leo u oigo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me cuentes milongas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contexto ya sé que se refiere a que no se le expliquen cuentos chinos, que no se intente embaucarle. Esto aplicaría a contextos en el que alguien pone excusas o explica cosas poco probables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que una milonga es un tipo de composición musical, pero parece que con el tiempo fue aumentando su registro hasta llegar a expresar este concepto. Inicialmente lo oí a argentinos o uruguayos, pero últimamente también lo oigo a españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE define &lt;em&gt;milonga&lt;/em&gt; con todas estas acepciones relacionadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PGTZzdd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;milonga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Composición musical folclórica argentina de ritmo apagado y tono nostálgico, que se ejecuta con la guitarra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Copla con que se acompaña la milonga.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Composición musical argentina de ritmo vivo y marcado en compás de dos por cuatro, emparentada con el tango.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Canto con que se acompaña la milonga.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. f. Baile argentino vivaz de pareja enlazada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. f. Palo flamenco inspirado en la milonga argentina.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;7. f. coloq. Engaño, cuento.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. f. coloq. Arg. Discusión o riña. Se armó la milonga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así y todo, y supongo que debido a mi desconocimiento de la composición musical, mi duda se mantiene: &lt;strong&gt;¿por qué &quot;milonga&quot; indica un engaño o cuento?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T09:51:18.577" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T19:04:19.317" Title="¿Por qué &quot;milonga&quot; indica un engaño o cuento?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2017-10-25T11:07:31.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (tomo III, 1732) parece darnos la respuesta directamente en este caso. Sabemos que un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GzWj5od&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estribo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; sirve para poner y apoyar el pie, para ayudarnos a subir a (o a bajar de) un caballo o a un coche o carroza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos la definición de &lt;em&gt;estribillo&lt;/em&gt; que nos da el mencionado diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ESTRIBILLO. s. m. Introducción o principio de la letra y composición poética: como Villancico, xácara y otras semejantes que regularmente se suelen poner en música y cantar en las festividades solemnes de la Iglesia. Parece haverse assi llamado porque sirve de pié y motivo en que estriba la tal composición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es exactamente la definición de estribillo que conocemos hoy día, aunque sí que es cierto que dice que a veces las canciones comienzan con el estribillo (como el ejemplo citado de los villancicos). Los estribillos, si lo piensas, son el sustento principal de la canción, la parte de la que la gente se suele acordar más. Acordarte del estribillo te da pie para que te acuerdes del resto de la canción (la composición &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GzLpfCn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estriba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el estribillo: descansa, se apoya en él). De ahí que el estribillo se denomine así por ser un pequeño estribo (apoyo, sustento) para el resto de la canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T13:12:15.227" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T13:12:15.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22932" CreationDate="2017-10-25T12:01:07.740" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una relación entre &quot;inventar historias, narrar falsedades&quot; y la composición o ejecución musical libre e improvisada. En el ámbito rural argentino a esto último se le llama &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;payada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y solía transformarse en una competencia. La &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milonga_(m%C3%BAsica)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;milonga&lt;/a&gt;, que hoy es urbana, parece tener orígenes similares, aunque actualmente no tiene la misma connotación de diálogo e improvisación. Como el tango, hay una diferencia entre la milonga como evento y la milonga como verso cantado, y hoy los aficionados a la milonga ven los locales de milonga como puntos de encuentro para el baile, no como lugares para escuchar historias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en Argentina se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;verso&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;engaño, historia falsa urdida para sacar provecho de alguien&quot;, y el verbo &lt;em&gt;guitarrear&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;urdir una historia, inventar un cuento sobre la marcha&quot; y también &quot;hablar de algo de lo que uno no sabe fingiendo que sabe&quot;. No me extrañaría que &lt;em&gt;milonga&lt;/em&gt; (que une versos y guitarra) haya adquirido el significado de &quot;engaño&quot; de esta manera. Las milongas (lugares donde se baila tango y milonga) son además lugares de socialización donde, obviamente, se mezclan el baile y el &lt;em&gt;levante&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;levantar&lt;/em&gt; es en Argentina lo que &lt;em&gt;ligar&lt;/em&gt; en España), tarea que para los seductores suele requerir algo de &lt;em&gt;verso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;guitarreo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de todo eso, en Argentina, al menos en la región litoral donde vivo (no propiamente rioplatense aunque sí dialectalmente), jamás he escuchado &lt;em&gt;milonga&lt;/em&gt; con el significado figurativo claro de &quot;engaño, cuento&quot;. Me parece fascinante que así se emplee en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T12:01:07.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22936" CreationDate="2017-10-25T13:32:55.790" Score="8" ViewCount="8250" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22002/se-entiende-no-tengo-ni-un-duro-en-hispanoam%C3%A9rica&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Se entiende &amp;quot;no tengo ni un duro&amp;quot; en Hispanoam&amp;#233;rica?&lt;/a&gt; se menciona que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... en España, cuando teníamos pesetas llamábamos duro a la moneda de 5 pesetas, lo utilizábamos también como medida de referencia: cinco duros, veinte duros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como lo mencionan las respuestas y comentarios allí, al parecer la expresión es usada solo en España, por lo que yo no la conocía. ¿Cómo vino &quot;duro&quot; a significar una cantidad específica de dinero? ¿Era de uso coloquial o podías hablar formalmente refiriéndose a &quot;duros&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T14:04:22.883" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T07:47:02.863" Title="¿Por qué &quot;duro&quot; en España significa &quot;dinero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22935" CreationDate="2017-10-25T13:55:45.287" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;La peseta fue la moneda de curso legal en España desde el 19 de octubre de 1868 hasta la llegada del euro. Antes de esa fecha, la denominación &lt;em&gt;peseta&lt;/em&gt; existía pero como nombre de una moneda. Así, monedas de curso corriente eran:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la &lt;strong&gt;peseta&lt;/strong&gt; (diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;peso&lt;/em&gt;), que equivalía a 4 reales de vellón,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el &lt;strong&gt;peso&lt;/strong&gt;, que equivalía a 8 reales de vellón, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el &lt;strong&gt;peso fuerte&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;peso duro&lt;/strong&gt;, que equivalía a 20 reales de vellón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, un peso duro equivalía a 5 pesetas. Ya en el siglo XIX se encuentran textos que hablan del peso duro simplemente como &quot;duro&quot;, por abreviar. Esa denominación perduró en el tiempo, de modo que hasta la desaparición de la peseta el 1 de enero de 2002 se siguió llamando &quot;duro&quot; a las monedas de 5 pesetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de su uso ya en el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El dia 27 del pasado á cosa de las nueve de la noche, se extravió del segundo piso de casa Montagut, calle de Abaixadors, una perrita carlina jóven de un año, con una mancha en la cola, orejas mal cortadas y de color claro: el sugeto que la haya recogido tenga la bondad de devolverla en dicha casa, que se le dará un duro de gratificación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diario de Barcelona, 1 de abril de 1820.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es en cuanto a la relación entre el apelativo &quot;duro&quot; y la moneda de 5 pesetas. En realidad la denominación de &quot;duro&quot; viene de mucho antes: por ejemplo la moneda de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_de_a_8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;real de a 8&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, acuñada ya en 1497, también se denominaba &quot;peso fuerte&quot; o &quot;peso duro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu segunda pregunta, dado que &quot;duro&quot; era parte del nombre oficial de la moneda, se podía hablar de &quot;duros&quot; incluso en ámbitos formales (aunque imagino que en entornos muy formales se preferiría la denominación completa &quot;peso duro&quot;). Eso sí, una vez desapareció el peso duro y prevaleció la peseta, la denominación pasó a un ámbito ya más coloquial. Al menos mientras yo viví las pesetas, así lo era: se podía usar coloquialmente hablando e incluso en textos no formales dado que era un apelativo cariñoso. Pero formalmente siempre se debía hablar de &quot;pesetas&quot;. Así, un anuncio como el mostrado en el ejemplo de 1820, si se hubiera escrito en un periódico de 1990 no se habría hablado de una gratificación de 200 duros, sino de 1000 pesetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T14:10:42.447" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T14:10:42.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22937" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22939" CreationDate="2017-10-25T14:06:03.387" Score="11" ViewCount="4481" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés usan la palabra &quot;entitlement&quot; para referirse al que cree que tiene derecho a todo, o algo así. Por ahí lo describieron como &quot;aquellos que creen que tienen derecho a lo mejor de la vida&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando el traductor te lo traduce simplemente como &quot;derecho&quot; o &quot;autorización&quot; pero no es lo mismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra en español que describa bien el sentido negativo de &quot;entitlement&quot; en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T15:54:13.797" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T09:01:38.490" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra en español que describa bien el sentido negativo de &quot;entitlement&quot; en inglés?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22937" CreationDate="2017-10-25T14:37:05.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurrían palabras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FD8XHxL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;endiosamiento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZtybZVR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;titulitis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero me parece que la opción más adecuada la mencionas ya en la pregunta: &quot;creerse con derecho a todo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pongo ejemplos extraídos del CORDE, tanto de prensa como de novela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Y desde luego que la multitud se ha instalado con todo aplomo en esta sociedad de consumo en la que todo el mundo se siente con derecho&#xA;  a lo mejor, con derecho a todo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La derecha, para el vicepresidente del Gobierno, se cree con derecho a todo &quot;por derecho natural&quot; y considera que la gente humilde, &quot;como&#xA;  los socialistas&quot;, no tiene derecho a nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mark es uno de esos yanquis bestias que se creen con derecho a todo; un bruto ignorante que sólo tolera las novelas chicle: esos libros en&#xA;  rústica que se compran en el aeropuerto junto con el periódico del&#xA;  día, y se tiran a la basura a la llegada, junto al envoltorio del&#xA;  chicle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Se consideraba con derecho a todo porque su deber era hacer aún más evidente lo evidente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si prefieres especificar una situación concreta, también puedes usar &quot;creerse con derecho a XXX&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más pareciera serlo de la audiencia que tuvo el afán declarativo de la magistrada Gisela Parra, quien acaso por ejercer en el organismo la representación del presidente de la República se creyó con derecho a olvidar su condición de integrante de un cuerpo colegiado cuyas posiciones obedecen al voto mayoritario de sus miembros y no al criterio personal de uno de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T14:37:05.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22937" CreationDate="2017-10-25T15:01:16.057" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe el verbo &lt;strong&gt;arrogar&lt;/strong&gt;, que en su forma pronominal &lt;strong&gt;arrogarse&lt;/strong&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3mqbElW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrogar[se]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Apropiarse indebida o exageradamente de cosas inmateriales, como facultades, derechos u honores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo que define a quien se arroga algo es, ni más ni menos, &lt;strong&gt;arrogante&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3mpjP8k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrogante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del ant. part. act. de &lt;em&gt;arrogar&lt;/em&gt;; lat. &lt;em&gt;arrŏgans, -antis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Altanero, soberbio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la cualidad de quien es arrogante o se arroga algo es la &lt;strong&gt;arrogancia&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3mpiSEV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrogancia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;arrogantia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de &lt;strong&gt;arrogante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros sinónimos para arrogante/arrogancia son altivo/altivez, altanero/altanería, soberbio/soberbia, orgulloso/orgullo... Pero creo que &lt;strong&gt;arrogante&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;arrogancia&lt;/strong&gt; son las palabras que más se aproximan al &lt;strong&gt;sentido negativo&lt;/strong&gt; en inglés de &lt;em&gt;entitled&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;entitlement&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-06T10:58:35.833" LastActivityDate="2019-06-06T10:58:35.833" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22949" CreationDate="2017-10-25T16:11:25.180" Score="3" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace apenas 5 minutos estaba escribiendo un informe y tenía que indicar que una serie de cambios entraban en conflicto con otros cambios previos. Y lo primero que me ha venido a la cabeza ha sido lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habrá que hacer algunas adaptaciones menores (hay otros cambios que &lt;strong&gt;confligen&lt;/strong&gt; con estos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo puse de manera natural: de &lt;em&gt;conflicto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;confligir&lt;/em&gt;. Sonaba bien. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el corrector ortográfico me lo ha subrayado en rojo y ya me ha entrado la duda, así que me he ido al DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=confligir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;confligir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. &lt;em&gt;P. Rico&lt;/em&gt;. Entrar en conflicto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Uf, menos mal! Existe. Mejor, porque ya he mandado el informe...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero lo cierto es que el DLE marca el verbo como usado solamente en Puerto Rico. Ante lo cual, pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Se usa &lt;em&gt;confligir&lt;/em&gt; en España como verbo para indicar &quot;entrar en conflicto&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Y en otros países que no sean Puerto Rico?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T10:50:02.997" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T11:56:48.740" Title="¿Uso de &quot;confligir&quot; fuera de Puerto Rico?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22439" CreationDate="2017-10-25T19:06:45.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No veo referencias más &amp;quot;oficiales&amp;quot;, pero al menos estas dos tienen opiniones que coinciden y me parecen lógicas. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magiapotagia.com/showthread.php?t=4344&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La primera&lt;/a&gt; dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... tiene que ver ... con la caza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las antiguas trampas de buhoneros, a las que les ponían papel por encima y cubrían con hojas para que los animales cayeran&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://realmentemidiario.blogspot.com.co/2011/04/martes-05-de-abril-de-2011.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referente a esto, podríamos decir que cuando se pone en el campo una trampa para cazar a un animal, ésta se tapa o con hojarasca, si la hay, o con cartón y papeles demenuzados que es lo que más se parece. Es por ello que se la añade la coletilla. Así queda ya mucho más claro que lo que decimos o hacemos es totalmente transparente, sin esconder detrás posibles dobles intenciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T19:06:45.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22942" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T00:40:41.133" Score="5" ViewCount="494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy creando un librito para mis estudiantes de primer grado. Quiero empezar con la pregunta &quot;¿Qué es el/un capibara?&quot; ¿Cuál sería mejor? En el  librito uso &quot;el capibara&quot; para describir el animal en términos generales. Por ejemplo: El capibara come plantas. Pero la pregunta me suena rara con el artículo indefinido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17968" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T16:18:02.943" Title="Artículo definido o indefinido en la pregunta &quot;¿Qué es ___ capibara?&quot;" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22942" CreationDate="2017-10-26T01:40:44.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, se pueden usar casi indistintamente el artículo indefinido singular, el artículo definido singular o el artículo definido plural para denotar carácter genérico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un capibara es un animal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El capibara es un animal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los capibaras son animales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe, no obstante, una sutil diferencia entre (1) y (2). (1) tiene algo de metalingüístico, como si nos refiriéramos a la palabra más que al animal conocido por ese nombre. (1) tiene algo de: &quot;Usamos la palabra &quot;capibara&quot; para designar a un animal.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por consiguiente, más que rara la pregunta (a) &quot;¿Qué es un capibara?&quot; parece aludir a un nivel semántico más básico que (b) &quot;¿Qué es el capibara?&quot; Mientras que (a) parece emparentarse con preguntas como &quot;¿A qué nos referimos con la palabra &quot;capibara&quot;? &quot;¿Qué significa &quot;capibara&quot;?&quot;, (b) parece dar por sentado que existe un conocimiento básico por parte del que pregunta (por ejemplo, que se trata de un ser vivo) y la pretensión consiste en obtener información adicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi sugerencia es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si la pregunta aparece en un contexto donde son todos animales, o donde aparecen distintos elementos de un ecosistema, utiliza la pregunta &quot;¿Qué es el capibara?&quot;. Respuesta: El capibara es un animal herbívoro que vive en ...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si la pregunta aparece en un contexto donde hay muchas palabras difíciles sin ninguna conexión semántica entre ellas, utiliza la pregunta &quot;¿Qué es un capibara?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T12:01:07.923" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T12:01:07.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22946" CreationDate="2017-10-26T05:34:01.623" Score="0" ViewCount="1744" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) captura el nivel de concentración en un solo valor (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto colocar la palabra &quot;solo&quot; sin acento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17715" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T08:35:39.870" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:16:11.963" Title="Uso de &quot;sólo&quot; o &quot;solo&quot; en la expresión &quot;en un solo valor&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-10-26T13:32:12.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22944" CreationDate="2017-10-26T06:05:56.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde hace algunos años, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&quot;solo&quot; se escribe &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; sin acento&lt;/strong&gt;, da igual el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tienes la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KnsfTmzfQJcLqQIg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sección relevante de la Ortografía&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Principales_novedades_de_la_Ortografia_de_la_lengua_espanola.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En este enlace&lt;/a&gt; [PDF] tienes un resumen de los cambios introducidos en la Ortografía en 2010. El referente a &quot;solo&quot; es el punto 5, que copio más abajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Este es uno de esos casos en los que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ#323&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo que dice el DPD ya no es correcto&lt;/a&gt;, porque la edición en línea es de 2005 y se ha quedado obsoleta para algunas cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Eliminación de la tilde diacrítica en el adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos incluso en casos de posible ambigüedad.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra solo, tanto cuando es adverbio y equivale a solamente (Solo llevaba un par de monedas en el bolsillo) como cuando es adjetivo (No me gusta estar solo), así como los demostrativos este, ese y aquel, con sus femeninos y plurales, funcionen como pronombres (Este es tonto; Quiero aquella) o como determinantes (aquellos tipos, la chica esa), no deben llevar tilde según las reglas generales de acentuación, bien por tratarse de palabras llanas terminadas en vocal o en -s, bien, en el caso de aquel, por ser aguda y acabar en consonante distinta de n o s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aun así, las reglas ortográficas anteriores prescribían el uso de tilde diacrítica en el adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos para distinguirlos, respectivamente, del adjetivo solo y de los determinantes demostrativos, cuando en un mismo enunciado eran posibles ambas interpretaciones y podían producirse casos de ambigüedad, como en los ejemplos siguientes: Trabaja sólo los domingos [= ‘trabaja solamente los domingos’], para evitar su confusión con Trabaja solo los domingos [= ‘trabaja sin compañía los domingos’]; o ¿Por qué compraron aquéllos&#xA;  libros usados? (aquéllos es el sujeto de la oración), frente a ¿Por qué compraron aquellos libros usados? (el sujeto de esta oración no está expreso y aquellos acompaña al sustantivo libros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ese empleo tradicional de la tilde en el adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos no cumple el requisito fundamental que justifica el uso de la tilde diacrítica, que es el de oponer palabras tónicas o acentuadas a palabras átonas o inacentuadas formalmente idénticas, ya que tanto solo como los demostrativos son siempre palabras tónicas en cualquiera de sus funciones. Por eso, a partir de ahora se podrá prescindir de la tilde en estas formas incluso en casos de ambigüedad. La recomendación general es, pues, no tildar nunca estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las posibles ambigüedades pueden resolverse casi siempre por el propio contexto comunicativo (lingüístico o extralingüístico), en función del cual solo suele ser admisible una de las dos opciones interpretativas. Los casos reales en los que se produce una ambigüedad que el contexto comunicativo no es capaz de despejar son raros y rebuscados, y siempre pueden evitarse por otros medios, como el empleo de sinónimos (solamente o únicamente, en el caso del adverbio solo), una puntuación adecuada, la inclusión de algún elemento que impida el doble sentido o un cambio en el orden de palabras que fuerce una única interpretación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T10:16:11.963" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:16:11.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T07:03:26.460" Score="4" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;In ancient times, &quot;hi&quot; was used in Spanish as a short form of &quot;hijo&quot;, but only in insults:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KIAi6ga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Apóc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. desus. &lt;strong&gt;hijo&lt;/strong&gt;. Era u. en expresiones injuriosas, o a veces ponderativas. &lt;em&gt;Hi de puta. Hi de perro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was this short form of &quot;hijo&quot; used for something more than in insulting or weighing expressions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T14:12:37.887" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T17:28:19.257" Title="Was &quot;hi&quot; used for something more than to say &quot;hi de puta&quot; and similar, insulting expressions?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22002" CreationDate="2017-10-26T10:53:01.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, encuentro la frase perfectamente comprensible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tengo ni un _______&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entiende perfectamente siempre y cuando el que escucha reconozca la palabra que sigue como una denominación de dinero. Debido a que las denominaciones son variables, no es necesario que sea el nombre de una moneda de curso actual. También funciona con denominaciones alternas como &lt;strong&gt;duro&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;quinto&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;tostón&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el que escucha, no reconoce la palabra como denominación monetaria entonces no comprenderá a menos que pueda adivinar el significado por el contexto; p. ej.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Cómprame ese vestido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  – ¿Cómo quieres que te lo compre si no tengo ni una luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no descarto que el oyente se quede un poco confundido o no entienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Mexico, también existen expresiones retóricas que ayudarían a un mexicano a comprender por el contexto. p. ej.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría comprarme esta casa pero no tengo ni en que caerme muerto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como comentario final, en México si funciona con papas. Entonces, ¿por qué no con zanahorias? Claro está, si el que habla viene de un país de lengua española muy exótico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quisiera un auto nuevo pero no tengo ni una papa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:53:01.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22940" CreationDate="2017-10-26T11:56:48.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues va a ser que no. He buscado &lt;code&gt;conflig*&lt;/code&gt; en el CORDE, y el resultado es que todos los casos son de textos en latín. El único que está en español es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como teseo por suerte fuesse enbiado a ser confligido con el minotauro de athenas en creta en su nauio por mandado de egeo Rey de athenas puso uela negra &amp;amp; mando asus conpañeros [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso Gómez de Zamora, &quot;Morales de Ovidio&quot;, a 1452 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido saber qué sentido tiene &lt;em&gt;confligido&lt;/em&gt; en ese texto, dado que no aparece &lt;em&gt;confligir&lt;/em&gt; en ningún diccionario del NTLLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda similar en el CREA arroja 7 casos en 4 documentos, todos en Puerto Rico. De aquí se puede desprender que, efectivamente, es un verbo usado exclusivamente allí. Lo cual no quita para que tu documento sea un buen punto de partida para empezar a difundir la palabra por España...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T11:56:48.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T12:51:11.713" Score="10" ViewCount="6384" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando a alguien que participa en un juego no se le podía eliminar o no se le aplicaban del todo las reglas -un niño pequeño, por ejemplo, que todavía no sabe jugar muy bien- le llamábamos «caballito blanco». Nunca había pensado que era un uso regional hasta que un día en el chat &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/46061?m=40092809#40092809&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt; se mencionó «palomita blanca» y yo supuse por el contexto que se refería a lo mismo, pero también surgió la variante «cascarón de huevo».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante busqué un poco sobre el tema y encontré conversaciones en foros que mencionaban estas expresiones y alguna más: burrito blanco, gallinita blanca, azúcar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no siempre, el adjetivo blanco aparecía en la mayoría de ellas precedido del nombre un animal en diminutivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene llamar a alguien «[nombre de animal] blanco» para decir que es inmune a ciertas reglas? O si conocéis el origen de otras variantes también sería bueno saberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que he leído es de España. ¿Existe en Hispanoamérica algo similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T12:56:57.840" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T21:30:15.797" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;caballito blanco&quot; y otras equivalentes?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22942" CreationDate="2017-10-26T13:29:01.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para empezar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7J868bi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capibara&lt;/a&gt; es femenino, así que usaremos los artículos femeninos la/una en lugar de los masculinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE dice sobre los artículos determinados que sirven para&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;asociar el contenido semántico de este con un &lt;strong&gt;referente concreto&lt;/strong&gt;, consabido por los interlocutores: &lt;em&gt;El cartero ha pasado hoy un poco más tarde&lt;/em&gt;; o con un referente genérico: &lt;em&gt;El cerdo es un animal doméstico&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El indeterminado, por contrario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b6iKApr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;art. indet. Indica que lo denotado por el nombre o el grupo nominal al que precede &lt;strong&gt;no designa un individuo particular, sino un tipo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Un político debería tener una conducta ejemplar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; manzana (esa, aquella de la que estábamos hablando)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quiero &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; manzana (cualquiera)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, deberías empezar la lección preguntando &amp;quot;Qué es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; capibara&amp;quot;, usando el artículo indeterminado, pues te estás refiriendo al animal como colectivo (esta &lt;em&gt;especie&lt;/em&gt; de animal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después, debes pasar al determinado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La(s)capibara(s) come(n) plantas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque si dijeses &amp;quot;Una(s) capibara(s) come(n) plantas&amp;quot; te podrían preguntar si es que hay &lt;em&gt;otras&lt;/em&gt; capibaras que comen otra cosa. Una vez que &amp;quot;entras en materia&amp;quot; te estás refiriendo a estos animales como &amp;quot;referente concreto, consabido por los interlocutores&amp;quot; dentro de las especies animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la única manera en que creo que que podrías empezar o titular la lección con &amp;quot;Qué es &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; capibara&amp;quot; es si la hubieses &lt;em&gt;mencionado previamente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy vamos a estudiar un animal nuevo llamado capibara. Qué es &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; capibara? Pues es un mamífero ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y aún así suena forzado. Es mejor usar un artículo indefinido al referirse al animal en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T16:18:02.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22947" CreationDate="2017-10-26T14:23:01.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &amp;quot;Diccionario de autoridades&amp;quot; it seems like its use always had a&#xA;negative connotation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades - Tomo IV (1734)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HI. s. m. Lo mismo que Hijo: y siempre parece se usaba para denostar o reprehender a alguno: y assí se decía regularmente Hi de puta, Hi da ruin; pero yá no tiene uso. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Filius&lt;/em&gt;. MARIAN. Hist. Esp. lib. 17. cap. 13. Frosarte, historiador Francés deste tiempo, dice que D. Henrique, al entrar de aquel aposento dixo: Donde está el hi de puta Judío que se llama Rey de Castilla? y que Don Pedro respondió: Tu eres el hi de puta, que yo hijo soi del Rey Don Alonso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T14:30:25.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22956" CreationDate="2017-10-26T16:03:22.203" Score="7" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was a practice sentence on Languagezen.com.  I thought the correct answer would be &amp;quot;Mi esposo piensa que es santo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/singular-indefinite-articles-3079098&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the following advice&lt;/a&gt; about using articles with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use the article before an unmodified noun after a form of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;to be&amp;quot;), especially in reference to occupation, religion, affiliation or social status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, if the noun is modified, the article should be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although saint is not a profession, nor a religious affiliation, it is a role that defines one's identity just as significantly as profession or religious affiliation, which I presumed to be the underlying grammatical principle here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the noun is not modified here (e.g. &amp;quot;un santo muy importante&amp;quot;), so that rule doesn't apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is using &amp;quot;un santo&amp;quot; correct here, and if so, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T11:22:33.357" Title="&quot;Mi esposo piensa que es un santo&quot; - why is &quot;un&quot; necessary in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22953" CreationDate="2017-10-26T16:15:55.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the DLE there is this meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b6iKApr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno, na&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  3. art. indet. Indica que lo denotado por el nombre o el grupo nominal al que precede no designa un individuo particular, sino un tipo. &lt;em&gt;Un político debería tener una conducta ejemplar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the explanation says, &quot;uno&quot; (shortened as &quot;un&quot; before singular masculin sustantive) designates not a particular individual but a type when it's before a name. So in your example the meaning is that the husband thinks he belongs to the category &quot;saint&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T16:25:41.317" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T16:25:41.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22947" CreationDate="2017-10-26T17:28:19.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; despues de la entrada &lt;strong&gt;HI&lt;/strong&gt; que ha mostrado @MauricioMartinez tenemos esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HI DE PUTA.&lt;/strong&gt; Algunas veces se dice esta expressión sin que denote&#xA;  injuria o denuesto; sino se usa de ella como admirándose, y entonces&#xA;  es interjección que alaba alguna cosa. CERV. Quix. tom. 1. cap. 13. O&#xA;  hi de puta bellaco, y como es cathólico! Veis ahí, dixo el del bosque&#xA;  en oyendo el hi &lt;em&gt;de puta&lt;/em&gt; de Sancho, como habeis alabado este vino&#xA;  llamándole hi &lt;em&gt;de puta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Corrreas en su &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&lt;/em&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hi de puta. (Encareciendo y alabando en bien ó en mal; hi de puta, &#xA;  puto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro &lt;em&gt;Actas de las VIII Jornadas sobre la Historia de Tauste&lt;/em&gt; también habla sobre el tema y su ambigüedad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los giros con &lt;em&gt;hi de...&lt;/em&gt; no son, de otra parte, siempre vocativos, sino&#xA;  que, a menudo, representan exclamaciones o interjecciones: en obras&#xA;  teatrales del Siglo de Oro, por ejemplo, las mujeres usan &lt;em&gt;hi de ruin&lt;/em&gt; o&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;hi de puta&lt;/em&gt; hablando entre ellas (de modo análogo a como emplean esos&#xA;  giros los varones entre ellos; o ellas con ellos, y viceversa). A&#xA;  menudo la expresión se refuerza con otra interjección &lt;em&gt;–¡oh!– (¡Oh hi&#xA;  de ruin!)&lt;/em&gt; y no siempre es sintomática de rechazo, enfado o enojo, sino&#xA;  que también puede adoptar un sentido admirativo o ponderativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que se ve en todos estos textos hi nunca aparece solo sino en la fórmula &lt;em&gt;hi de [algo]&lt;/em&gt; pero no siempre tiene un sentido peyorativo o de ofensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T17:28:19.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22953" CreationDate="2017-10-26T18:13:29.820" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Mauricio but would like to add something that might account for the presence of the article in this particular case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike most other nouns denoting occupation, religion, affiliation or social status, &quot;santo&quot; can be an adjective (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XGGB4k6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definition of &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idiomatic expression &quot;ser &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; santo / ser &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; santa&quot; does not merely describe a person as having many moral virtues but as being similar to a saint (like the ones who deserve veneration in Catholic lithurgy). We could say that this use of the noun &quot;santo/a/s&quot; is like a hyperbolic metaphor with which we define the person or the people involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The adjective is used to mean approximately the same thing, though the metaphor disappears in these cases, in sentences like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi esposo es un santo varón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi esposa es una santa mujer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without the article, &quot;santo&quot; and &quot;santa&quot; will not be metaphorical but will refer to the person having been officially declared a saint in the Catholic Church:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Madre Teresa de Calcuta es beata y pronto será santa / será declarada santa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: On rereading my answer and Andy's comments, I've come to the conclusion that the metaphorical use of certain nouns is the main reason for their taking an indefinite article. Some other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi novia es &lt;strong&gt;una reina&lt;/strong&gt;. (Not a real queen, but like a queen.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eres &lt;strong&gt;un maestro&lt;/strong&gt;. (Not an actual teacher, but as knowledgeable as one.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese niño es &lt;strong&gt;un demonio&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eres &lt;strong&gt;un ángel&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T11:22:33.357" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T11:22:33.357" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="356" CreationDate="2017-10-26T18:53:04.590" Score="12" Body="&lt;h2&gt;TL;DR&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; is so extended that RAE finally decided to consider that that's actually the way people speak, making it a valid version for the imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Long answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To update this question, even if at the moment of writing these lines the form &lt;code&gt;iros&lt;/code&gt; might be not officially accepted yet, the RAE has informally announced that &lt;a href=&quot;https://eldebatedehoy.es/cultura/iros-o-idos-rae/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;it will do so&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that RAE's rules &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qF8kh8sgID6Ifqj7vG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;stated&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas de imperativo propias de este verbo son ve (tú) e id (vosotros) y, para los usos pronominales, vete (tú) e &lt;strong&gt;idos&lt;/strong&gt; (vosotros): &lt;em&gt;«¡Callaos los dos, callaos, y cuanto antes &lt;strong&gt;idos&lt;/strong&gt; a la viña a hacer lo vuestro!»&lt;/em&gt; (Melcón Catalina [Esp. 1995]). Debe evitarse, para el imperativo singular, el uso de la forma vulgar &lt;em&gt;ves&lt;/em&gt; y, para el imperativo plural, el uso del infinitivo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y el de la forma arcaica &lt;em&gt;íos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, Arturo Pérez-Reverte gave some heads up about this change due to an enquiry through his Twitter account&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e1PEy.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e1PEy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some discussion RAE just accepted &lt;code&gt;iros&lt;/code&gt;, since nobody used &lt;code&gt;idos&lt;/code&gt; nor &lt;code&gt;íos&lt;/code&gt;. [Iros] Can now be used without feeling ashamed. It will be official this Fall [2017]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the mild controvesry generated, Pérez-Reverte clarified later that both forms &lt;code&gt;iros&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;idos&lt;/code&gt; are now considered correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aYWLy.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aYWLy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Idos&lt;/code&gt; is the correct form but &lt;code&gt;iros&lt;/code&gt; will be registered as o habitual use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE acts as notary for the usage of the language, not as police.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-19T14:03:23.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T20:51:02.580" Score="4" ViewCount="1023" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día, en un ejercicio casi de masoquismo, decidí intentar ponerme de nuevo al día con la situación política en Cataluña. Leyendo el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21418/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tropecentésimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; artículo de &amp;quot;los empresarios blablabla&amp;quot; me encontré con una frase que decía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los empresarios del sector del gran consumo &lt;strong&gt;ponen las luces largas&lt;/strong&gt; ante el problema catalán y han advertido este miércoles del riesgo a medio plazo que supone para la recuperación económica y del consumo en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/economia/2017/10/25/59f055a0e2704ea70b8b4619.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente original&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el coche hay luces &amp;quot;cortas&amp;quot; (de corta distancia) y las &amp;quot;largas&amp;quot; (de larga distancia). Por supuesto las largas sirven para ver más lejos, pero por cortesía y seguridad las quitas si viene otro conductor de frente. Debido a que las largas están pensadas para que las puedas activar/desactivar on facilidad a veces se usan también para hacer señales luminosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es exactamente  &lt;strong&gt;poner las luces largas&lt;/strong&gt; en este caso (o en general, con sentido figurado)? No me da la impresión de que los empresarios estén intentando &amp;quot;iluminar o ver más lejos&amp;quot;, ya que el artículo precisamente cita la opinión de este colectivo con el sentido de que ellos vislumbran lo que puede suceder. No me parece tampoco que los empresarios estén intentando &amp;quot;hacer señales o avisos luminosos&amp;quot;. ¿O sí? ¿O es que intentan &amp;quot;iluminar o ilustrar algo a alguien&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa la expresión &amp;quot;poner las largas&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T16:40:52.370" Title="¿Qué es &quot;poner las luces largas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22958" CreationDate="2017-10-26T21:02:18.283" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En efecto, esa expresión hace referencia a la acción de activar la luz de carretera en el vehículo, y su objetivo es precisamente el que tú apuntas: apreciar lo que hay más lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente no había oído esta expresión en mi entorno, pero parece bastante obvio lo que significa. No sé si la noticia que has leído es esta que cito: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elperiodico.com/es/opinion/20141021/proceso-catalunya-explicado-madrid-3621206&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.elperiodico.com/es/opinion/20141021/proceso-catalunya-explicado-madrid-3621206&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;pero igualmente el propio autor, Carles Campuzano (PDECat), lo explica en el mismo párrafo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;aconsejo a mis interlocutores poner las luces largas y mirar más allá de la coyuntura concreta y puntual [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece claro que tu ejemplo se refiere a dejar de tener una visión de corto o medio plazo en favor de una visión a largo plazo, que tenga en cuenta un futuro ulterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La interpretación entra más en política, que no es el tema, pero básicamente viene a decir (entiendo yo) que, para el autor, las empresas estuvieron pensando en que la independencia, de producirse, en ningún caso sería repentina y desde luego se vería venir mucho más claramente. Ante esta situación, parece que, aunque no se proclame, la situación de inestabilidad va a prolongarse lo suficientemente en el tiempo como para que contemplar traslados u otras opciones sea interesante (Esto es lo que diría el autor). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T03:28:14.760" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T03:28:14.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22907" CreationDate="2017-10-26T21:38:39.400" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason you see &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; transform in front of &lt;em&gt;lo/la/los/las&lt;/em&gt; has to do with the history of Spanish.   In Old Spanish, the combination &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;sub&gt;(s)&lt;/sub&gt; + lo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was written &lt;strong&gt;gelo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (with the &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; pronounced as [ʒ], as in the first consonant of &lt;em&gt;azure&lt;/em&gt; or the second consonant in &lt;em&gt;equation&lt;/em&gt;).  The palatization came about from the Latin &lt;em&gt;illi illum&lt;/em&gt; that progressed to &lt;em&gt;(e)liélo&lt;/em&gt;, to &lt;em&gt;llelo&lt;/em&gt; and then finally to &lt;em&gt;gelo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That much is well established.  What is less known is exactly what caused the transformation such that the &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; disappeared.  It definitely had a tendency to disappear in some other places (cf. Portuguese &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;nos&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;vos&lt;/sub&gt; + o(s) = &lt;sup&gt;no-lo(s)&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;vo-la(s)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, or Castilian &lt;em&gt;vamos + nos = vámonos&lt;/em&gt;) but in this particular case it only happened in front of /l/.  Menéndez Pidal felt that that came from Leonese influence (although modern Leonese languages don't do that: Asturianu &lt;em&gt;dio-yoslu&lt;/em&gt; = Castilian &lt;em&gt;se&lt;sub&gt;(les)&lt;/sub&gt; lo dio&lt;/em&gt;), but that's not settled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the [ʒ] sound fell out of use in Spanish around the year 1500, &lt;em&gt;gelo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; quickly ended up as &lt;em&gt;selo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and then was separated out graphically again in &lt;em&gt;se lo&lt;sub&gt;/a/os/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T03:23:18.710" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T03:23:18.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22897" CreationDate="2017-10-27T02:42:50.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strike&gt;171&lt;/strike&gt; 162 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ve, el poder Jedi es fuerza. Ojo: ira, temor, bonche. Lado opaco va ahí. Tomalo y tu hado es... Ignorá poder real, hado paterno pená. Al irme... Jedi final sos. Gran poder tu casa trae, Luke. Da tu saber... Más Sky... walker... hay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta traducción solo puede un Jedi defender (que me gano el odio de todos los fans de Star Wars...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supongamos que Yoda vino a Colombia, a tierras occidentales (Costa pacífica, Tierra Paisa, Pastusa o Valluna) para que pueda vosear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casi todo el discurso lo pongo en imperativo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ve: Imperativo de ver en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baOo6Gz%7CbaR8qnC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;segunda acepción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ojo: Acepción 21&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=bonche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bonche&lt;/a&gt; (gracias por la Asale): II. 1. Disputa, pelea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opaco por dark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hado como destino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real con su segundo término, primera acepción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ignorá traduce underestimate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pená por &quot;suffer ... you wil&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Irme por morir (Acepción 31)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casa por familia (Acepción 5)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dejo una sola vez a Luke mencionado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuyas ideas tomé, sin intención lo hice, empiezo números mirando y a mermar juego...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T00:18:16.537" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T00:18:16.537" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-27T02:42:50.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-27T03:08:49.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina es completamente estándar usar &lt;em&gt;libras&lt;/em&gt; para la presión de los neumáticos (propiamente, libra por pulgada cuadrada). Así que son dos medidas (libra y pulgada) que se usan en ese caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En aviación, es obligatorio para los aviones tener los altímetros en pies, y los velocímetros en millas por hora o en nudos. Curiosamente, la misma reglamentación &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; se aplica a los planeadores, y volábamos con altímetro en metros y velocímetro en km/h. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7170" LastEditorUserId="7170" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T14:34:18.823" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T14:34:18.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22953" CreationDate="2017-10-27T03:54:38.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer will be a variant of the second half of Gustavson's answer.  Consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rafael es experto en resolver este tipo de ecuaciones diferenciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rafael, ¡eres un experto en resolver estas ecuaciones!  ¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rafael es el experto en resolver este tipo de ecuaciones diferenciales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could make similar examples with &lt;em&gt;ser heroe&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ser santo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what's going on here is that in (1), I'm stating an incontrovertible fact, and in (2), I'm stating an opinion.  In other words, in (1), everyone in the group recognizes Rafael as an expert in this area; in (2), when thanking Rafael and expressing my admiration, I declare him an expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (3), the implication is that there is one differential equation expert in the group, and it is Rafael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you didn't ask about (3) but I wanted to include it for completeness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll draw the parallels with &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt; now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Bueno, claro que José Luis fue el que logró resolver este conflicto.  Si el tipo es santo, ni más ni menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) José Luis se cree un santo.  Bueno, estoy de acuerdo que hizo una gran aportación, pero no llega a santo, ¿te imaginas que un santo &lt;em&gt;se declarara&lt;/em&gt; santo?  &lt;em&gt;Interestingly, this example starts out like Rafael#1 but then veers into Rafael#2 in two places.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) El santo en esta historia fue, sin duda, José Luis. Y claro, no ha recibido reconocimiento alguno [de la compañía] por sus aportaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Footnote: I will translate my idioms in (1) for Spanish learners: &amp;quot;Si el tipo es santo, ni más ni menos&amp;quot; means &lt;em&gt;After all, the guy is a saint, no two ways about it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T03:54:38.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22964" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T03:56:10.910" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the infinitive of a verb always ends with one of these three terminations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ar (amar, llorar, buscar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-er (comer, saber, leer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-ir (reir, vivir, servir)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the reason that there are only these three? Why not having &lt;code&gt;-or&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;-ur&lt;/code&gt; terminations, or something completely different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why there are only these three terminations for the infinitive of verbs in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T07:01:47.070" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T08:54:33.180" Title="Why Spanish has only three terminations for the infinitive of verbs?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-27T11:06:30.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22935" CreationDate="2017-10-27T06:28:07.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una pequeña incorrección. El orígen del nombre peseta no es exclusivamente diminutivo de peso, como dice el compañero @Charlie, sino que tiene dos orígenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como se explica en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unitedexplanations.org/2016/04/11/de-donde-proceden-los-nombres-de-las-monedas-del-mundo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿De dónde proceden los nombres de las monedas del mundo?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Existen dos posibles orígenes etimológicos del nombre de la divisa: uno indica que la palabra peseta procede del vocablo catalán peceta​ ('piececita'), diminutivo de peça ('pieza'), nombre con que se conocía desde el siglo XV a algunas monedas de plata y que más tarde designó al real de a dos. El otro, recogido por la Real Academia Española, apunta que peseta es simplemente un diminutivo del vocablo peso,​ nominación que recibían las antiguas monedas españolas de plata y de donde procede el nombre de las actuales unidades monetarias de diversos países americanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17977" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T07:47:02.863" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T07:47:02.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T07:20:34.163" Score="6" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish Royal Academy has registered in the DLE demonyms for the imaginary inhabitants of some of the objects in the Solar system (apart from Earth, whose &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zce8NhA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;inhabitants&lt;/a&gt; are not imaginary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moon: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XUVPqh4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenita&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venus: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baAwVRh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Venusiano&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baGlglq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;venusino&lt;/a&gt; (these two do not include the &quot;imaginary inhabitant&quot; definition, but the &quot;relative to Venus&quot; one).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ONTtLFO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Marciano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Júpiter: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MY8YrEF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Joviano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find other similar demonyms in that dictionary. So are there any other demonyms in Spanish used (in press or literature) or proposed for the rest of the main objects in the Solar system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T08:21:29.163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T23:59:18.270" Title="Demonyms in Spanish for the planets of the Solar system?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22953" CreationDate="2017-10-27T08:20:18.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;when you use &quot;un santo&quot;, santo is a noun.&#xA;When you use &quot;santo&quot;, it is an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you are saying that your husband is one of the saints. (by using &quot;un&quot;). &#xA;If you don't use &quot;un&quot; you are only asserting his quality of holiness. (but perhaps he has not been &quot;canonized&quot; by the church) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see the meaning is not the same (although related) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by the way, spanish speaking people wonder why english speakers erase so many articles. For example &quot;Going home&quot;... wha? why not &quot;going to THE home&quot;... (I know, I am not asking...　just telling you what I felt the first time I learned that expression)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17932" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T08:20:18.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22958" CreationDate="2017-10-27T08:28:43.383" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En otro contexto puede significar haber consumido sustancias estupefacientes (que dilatan las pupilas y de ahí la comparación con las luces de un coche, cortas normal, largas, &quot;colocado&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17979" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T08:28:43.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22966" CreationDate="2017-10-27T08:47:35.643" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, tenemos algunos adjetivos más para los planetas, aunque no figuran como gentilicio, sino sólo como &quot;perteneciente o relativo a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mercurio&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OzTy7ms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mercurial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Venus&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baEhNGI%7CbaGlglq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Venusino/a&lt;/a&gt;, además de venusiano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Júpiter&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MdXLS2d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jupiterino/a&lt;/a&gt; además de joviano (palabra que no había oído en la vida, por cierto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saturno&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XLeTuKf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Saturnal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de estos gentilicios &quot;oficiales&quot;, seguro que en la literatura/cine/series de ciencia-ficción hay un amplio uso de otros más o menos &quot;inventados&quot;. La cuestión es si se sigue algún tipo de consenso o no, y si sí, dónde estará recogido dicho consenso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos que se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neptuno&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.futurama.wikia.com/wiki/Neptunianos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neptunianos&lt;/a&gt;, según Futurama.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T09:57:45.210" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T09:57:45.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22958" CreationDate="2017-10-27T09:04:15.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las luces largas, cuando se utilizan a ráfagas, también sirven para llamar la atención de otro coche o para dar advertencias ante posibles peligros: cuando el coche con el que interactúas ha hecho una maniobra rara, para ceder el paso a otro vehículo, o cuando más adelante en la carretera está la guardia civil :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, yo entendería dicha frase precisamente como eso, que las empresas están &lt;strong&gt;dando la voz de alarma o una advertencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T09:04:15.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26012" CreationDate="2017-10-27T10:06:21.810" Score="12" ViewCount="1137" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de mi respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22937/13628&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, he descubierto en el DLE la siguiente definición circular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3mpjP8k&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrogante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se define como altanero, soberbio.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=268kv39&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;altanero&lt;/a&gt; se define como altivo, soberbio.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=27iSyI7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;altivo&lt;/a&gt; se define como orgulloso, soberbio.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RCCCTJW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;orgulloso&lt;/a&gt; se define como que tiene orgullo.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RCAtZVD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;orgullo&lt;/a&gt; se define como arrogancia.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3mpiSEV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrogancia&lt;/a&gt; se define como cualidad de &lt;strong&gt;arrogante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y4X46Ep&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;soberbio&lt;/a&gt; se define como que tiene soberbia.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y4RxILC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;soberbia&lt;/a&gt; se define como altivez.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=27fucQf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;altivez&lt;/a&gt; se define como orgullo, soberbia... y de aquí otra vez &lt;strong&gt;arrogante&lt;/strong&gt; según se ha visto antes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que hay otras definiciones y, en unos pocos casos, algún otro adjetivo adicional; pero igualmente me ha resultado curioso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay más definiciones circulares de este tipo en el DLE? ¿Cuál sería la cadena &#xA; de definiciones más larga?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T03:13:25.340" Title="¿Cuál es la secuencia más larga de definiciones circulares en el diccionario de la RAE?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-27T11:36:38.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;fútbol americano&lt;/strong&gt; se usan las yardas para hablar de las distancias en el campo, independientemente del país en el que estés. El campo reglamentario está marcado en yardas y no tiene sentido hablar de otras medidas de longitud. Cierto que es un deporte originario de EEUU y mayoritaramente practicado allí, pero bueno, en otros países se sigue también y en ningún momento se usan los metros para referirse a las diferentes líneas del campo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en &lt;strong&gt;rugby&lt;/strong&gt; se usan metros, a pesar de que son deportes relativamente similares. ¿Quizás porque el rugby es de origen europeo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás haya otros deportes en los que suceda esto (ahora no se me ocurre ninguno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T11:36:38.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22958" CreationDate="2017-10-27T14:49:18.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que la expresión puede significar &lt;em&gt;iluminar más el problema&lt;/em&gt; (para analizarlo mejor, por ejemplo).  Esto se me ocurre por comparar con el inglés -- lo cual hago naturalmente porque el inglés es mi idioma principal actualmente.  &quot;Putting on the brights&quot; no es una frase hecha en el periodismo en EEUU, pero me sugiere la idea de poner luz de más Watts para ver algo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto... la verdad, me parece más apta la explicación de FGSUZ, que es la interpretación que le dí a tu cita en un principio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T16:40:52.370" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T16:40:52.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-27T16:00:53.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Colombia the corn and rice and most grains are still sold in &lt;em&gt;arrobas&lt;/em&gt; (25 pounds = 11.5 kg) but the price is given by kg. (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.corabastos.com.co/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.corabastos.com.co/&lt;/a&gt; lista de precios/granos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another unconventional unit of measure used frequently today is &lt;em&gt;bulto&lt;/em&gt; or sack which is 50kg. This is used for potatos and all kinds of things that can be packed in a sack as well as cement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a coffee country we deal this beauty in &lt;em&gt;carga&lt;/em&gt; and in &lt;em&gt;arroba&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.federaciondecafeteros.org/static/files/precio_cafe.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.federaciondecafeteros.org/static/files/precio_cafe.pdf&lt;/a&gt;) where &lt;em&gt;1 carga&lt;/em&gt; is 125 kg. &lt;em&gt;Carga&lt;/em&gt; comes from the number of &lt;em&gt;bultos&lt;/em&gt; a mule is able to carry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5SNW0m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5SNW0m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lapatria.com/manizales/video-la-carga-lomo-de-mula-165566&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.lapatria.com/manizales/video-la-carga-lomo-de-mula-165566&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A measure a little less used but still used on rural areas is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Pucha.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. They made a wooden box of 20x20x4 cms internal measurements, and you can buy rice, beans, etc. by &lt;em&gt;puchas&lt;/em&gt; so instead of buying those products by weight you are buying them by volumen.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the same way there are boxes for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcolombiano.com/blogs/carlosmunera/montaneros-con-orgullo/1781&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuartillo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;media pucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KSGdim.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KSGdim.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T16:27:13.740" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T16:27:13.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22958" CreationDate="2017-10-27T16:03:54.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you had asked me to translate this into English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los empresarios del sector del gran consumo ponen las luces largas ante el problema catalán y han advertido este miércoles del riesgo a medio plazo que supone para la recuperación económica y del consumo en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Businesses [...] have highlighted the Catalan problem and warned this Wednesday about the medium term risk [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think our word highlight has anything much to do with headlights which is what I understand &lt;em&gt;las luces largas&lt;/em&gt; to be. Unfortunately I am not sure how to back-translate highlight into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T16:16:58.560" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T16:16:58.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22829" CreationDate="2017-10-27T17:01:18.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some zones of Colombia it's still used the word &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaza_(unidad_de_superficie)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plaza&lt;/a&gt; as surface unit. Wikipedia says it's also called fanegada. A plaza is 6.400 m2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T17:01:18.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22966" CreationDate="2017-10-27T17:43:28.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are other demonyms in literature, but their validity is uncertain (as it was proved by the fact that you could not find more in the dictionary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neptuniano&lt;/strong&gt; as a demonym of &lt;strong&gt;Neptuno&lt;/strong&gt; is, apart from the reference in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22969/5481&quot;&gt;Alicia's answer&lt;/a&gt;, present in wiktionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/neptuniano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Neptuniano&lt;/a&gt;: Originario, relativo a, o propio de el planeta Neptuno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, the DRAE gives this word a different meaning, that has little to do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QPeWzKo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Neptuniano&lt;/a&gt; (neptúnico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de un terreno o de una roca: De formación sedimentaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly wiktionary's &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/plutoniano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plutoniano&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;/-a: del planeta Plutón&quot; has a complete different meaning in DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TS6IkgM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Plutoniano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (plutónico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perteneciente o relativo al plutonismo (vulcanismo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c57CPfi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulcanismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Conjunto de fenómenos relacionados con los volcanes y su actividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Teoría que atribuye la formación del globo a la acción del fuego interior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ur%C3%A1nico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uránico/-a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (uranita): del planeta Urano&quot; has another problem. &lt;em&gt;Uránico&lt;/em&gt; is not present in the DRAE, and neither &lt;em&gt;uranita&lt;/em&gt;, which is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uraninita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uranium-rich radioactive mineral&lt;/a&gt; (thus the name).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiktionary includes in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ndice:Personas/Gentilicios/ES/Orden_alfab%C3%A9tico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its entry for_gentilicios_&lt;/a&gt; &quot;solar&quot; as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;solar: 1. del Sol - 2. &lt;strong&gt;del Sistema Solar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which again is technically not true by the DRAE (DRAE says for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YFwH0Z4%7CYFwb5VI%7CYFx3PfA%7CYFxNsi9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;solar&lt;/a&gt; that is relative to the Sun as a star, not to the Solar system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia also has &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adjectivals_and_demonyms_of_astronomical_bodies#Planets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its own list&lt;/a&gt;, but the article is unfortunately not available in Spanish. This list includes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Earth: Earthling, Terran, Terrestrial, Tellurian, Earthian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jupiter: Jovian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mars: Martian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mercury: Mercurian, Hermean&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Neptune: Neptunian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saturn: Saturnian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uranus: Uranian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venus: Venusian, Cytherean, Vesuvian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if you were to translate or adapt Neptunian as &lt;em&gt;neptuniano&lt;/em&gt; and Uranian as uranio you'd run into the problems described above: the dictionary does not include these terms with such meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. While the dwarf planet  Pluto can be out of the list according to the  &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto#IAU_classification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Great Planet Debate&lt;/a&gt;&quot; I decided to include it in this answer to illustrate the difference between literature about the demonyms and their validity according to DRAE. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T17:43:28.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22979" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T18:25:57.340" Score="3" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally, &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is required when introducing a duration. I'm trying to understand why &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; can be used in certain contexts. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una reserva &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; tres noches. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una reserva &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; tres noches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nuestra ruta &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; los próximos días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nuestra ruta &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; los próximos días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/A_New_Reference_Grammar_of_Modern_Spanis.html?id=YZq0AAAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Butt &amp;amp; Benjamin&lt;/a&gt; say, *&quot;Por and para are interchangeable in time expressions fixing the duration of some future need.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm wondering if anyone has any insight into why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's interesting that Butt &amp;amp; Benjamin give this as an example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito el coche &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; tres días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the half-dozen native speakers that I polled (Colombia, Mexico, &amp;amp; Spain) all preferred &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; in this case, and most flagged &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; as incorrect. Some of the Spaniards said &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; was technically correct, though they wouldn't use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11575" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T19:13:46.727" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T21:45:52.403" Title="Using para with duration of a future need" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22979" CreationDate="2017-10-27T19:12:15.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Necesito el coche para tres días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to sustain this, but that just doesn't sound quite right for me. Maybe it's regional, as you suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the other hand, I don't think &amp;quot;por&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;para&amp;quot; are interchangeable in time expressions. At list not in all cases. For example, this two sentences have a different meaning, in my opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Necesito dinero para 3 días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Necesito dinero por 3 días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the first one, I understand that the person needs money in a quantity that is enough to survive/buy things for 3 days. So, for example the person usually needs $100 by day then the person needs $300.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the second one, the idea I have is that the person needs money, and if he/she is borrowing money, he/she is saying that the money will be returned within 3 days, which is not the same meaning as phrase 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T19:12:15.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22979" CreationDate="2017-10-27T21:45:52.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por&lt;/em&gt; shows a duration or span of time, often replacing &lt;em&gt;durante&lt;/em&gt;, while &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; expresses goal or intent. In some cases either one can be grammatically correct and even interchangeable but, as observed by those people you polled, sometimes one of the two does not sound right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una reserva por tres noches&lt;/em&gt; sounds OK; it means &quot;a reservation lasting three nights&quot;, i. e. three nights worth of a hotel room or the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una reserva para tres noches&lt;/em&gt; is immediately understandable but does not sound OK; in this context one would have expected &lt;em&gt;personas&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;noches&lt;/em&gt;, since &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; indicates a goal, and the goal of the reservation is to get a room for one or more people. When ordering a room I'd say for example: &lt;em&gt;Quiero hacer una reserva &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; dos personas &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; tres noches&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuestra ruta por los próximos días&lt;/em&gt; sounds OK: it means &quot;our route (the route we'll be following) during the next few days&quot;. It conveys a sense of inevitability, not of planning. The emphasis is on the fact that you'll be going down a certain path for several days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuestra ruta para los próximos días&lt;/em&gt; sounds OK as well, but here I'd say it means &quot;our route (planned) for the next few days&quot;. The fact that you use &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; emphasizes intent: you're not simply following a path for some days, but you actually intend to do so. It's not the going that matters, but the fact that you intend to fill those next few days that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The distinctions can be subtle but I don't think it's correct to say, like Butt &amp;amp; Benjamin, that &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; are freely interchangeable in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T21:45:52.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22966" CreationDate="2017-10-27T23:59:18.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podemos agregar éste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H7DymBX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;europeo, a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;Europaeus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Natural de Europa. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ya que la definición de la RAE no especifica a cuál Europa nos referimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(sat%C3%A9lite)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Europa (satélite)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Europa es el sexto satélite natural de Júpiter en orden creciente de&#xA;  distancia y el más pequeño de los cuatro satélites galileanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T23:59:18.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22983" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22984" CreationDate="2017-10-28T10:05:23.850" Score="1" ViewCount="2301" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused on whether I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepe es una persona buena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pepe es una persona bueno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pepe is a man, so I find the male/female agreement thing confusing when using persona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17985" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T17:42:48.680" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T17:42:48.680" Title="Should I use &quot;buena&quot; or &quot;bueno&quot; when referring to &quot;una persona&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T22:05:22.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22983" CreationDate="2017-10-28T10:45:16.300" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the sex of the person you are referring to, the adjective must always agree with the noun it modifies. So if &quot;bueno&quot; modifies &quot;persona&quot;, and &quot;persona&quot;  is a feminine word, the adjective must be also feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that it is a common mistake (even for Spanish speakers) to mistake the &quot;gender&quot; of the words with the &quot;sex&quot; of the people. You can use feminine words to refer to male people (and vice versa), as in &quot;Juan es una persona&quot;. You use &quot;persona&quot; (feminine) for a male person (Juan). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-28T10:45:16.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22987" CreationDate="2017-10-28T10:53:15.353" Score="4" ViewCount="1493" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario encontramos la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bpfd3xx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en vilo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. adv. Sin el apoyo físico necesario o sin estabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. loc. adv. Con indecisión, inquietud y zozobra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la palabra &quot;vilo&quot; se usa siempre con la preposición &quot;en&quot; delante, y eso lo recogen así hasta los diccionarios más antiguos, que no dicen nada acerca de dónde viene la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿significa &quot;vilo&quot; algo por sí solo? ¿Cuál es su etimología?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-28T16:12:11.700" Title="¿Significa algo &quot;vilo&quot; por sí solo? ¿Cuál es su etimología?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-28T15:39:22.257" Score="6" ViewCount="607" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oido usar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;guachapear&lt;/strong&gt; [o algo que sonaba parecido] con el sentido de &quot;comunicarse a través de Whatsapp&quot;. Pensé que era un neologismo creado adaptando al español el nombre del programa y conviertiéndolo en verbo, pero para salir de dudas he consultado los diccionarios y recursos habituales. Para mi sorpresa he encontrado que no solo la palabra &lt;strong&gt;guachapear&lt;/strong&gt; existe desde hace siglos, sino que tiene más de una docena de acepciones, unas del español neutral y otras que son americanismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las acepciones que he encontrado son:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jbhd6KT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De agua y la onomat. &lt;em&gt;chap&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. coloq. Golpear y agitar con los pies el agua detenida. U. t. c. intr.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. coloq. Hacer algo deprisa y chapuceramente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. intr. Dicho de una chapa de hierro: Sonar por estar mal clavada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=guachapear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I. 1.  intr. Mx:SE. Bailar la &lt;strong&gt;jarana&lt;/strong&gt; con un zapateo vivo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II.    1.  tr. Ve:E. Lavar ligeramente un trapo o una tela cualquiera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.   1.  tr. Ni. Labrar burdamente la madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros diccionarios (por medio del &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NTLLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ant. fam. Recrearse bebiendo (Salva 1846)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;p. us. &lt;em&gt;Amér&lt;/em&gt; En Chile, &lt;strong&gt;retejar&lt;/strong&gt;, 1ª acep. (Alemany y Bolufer 1917:)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras acepciones extraídas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fichero general&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;em&gt;Costa, Llanos, Tol.&lt;/em&gt; Cortar o tumbar el rastrojo o maleza de un modo ligero o incompleto. [1975 Ac. Colomb. Breve Dicc. Colomb.]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;v. a. Nav. Moverse en el agua o hacer caminar una embarcación impeliéndola o nadando con los piés. 1864 Lorenzo-Murga-Ferreiro Dicc.&#xA;  Marit. Esp.]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tol&lt;/em&gt; Sacudir, zangolotear. [1983 ALARIO DI FILIPPO Lex. colombianismos]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En las compras del comercio, engañar al cliente, ya sea por una alteración maliciosa del precio, del peso o tamaño de la mercadería.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Garrapatear, escribir descuidadamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CNDHE/org/publico/pages/consulta/entradaCompleja.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus del Nuevo Diccionario Histórico del Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solo aparecen 4 referencias de uso:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una de 1589 (PINEDA, JUAN DE, Diálogos familiares de la agricultura cristiana),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dos de 1605 (ambas en LÓPEZ DE ÚBEDA, FRANCISCO, La pícara Justina), y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una de 1986 (FANER, PAU, Flor de sal : &quot;El guachapeo de cada nueva gota [de agua] era un estruendo descomunal ...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el  &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CORDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tan solo la misma referencia de Juan de Pineda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI - CORPES XXI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, un único uso de 2004 (EDWARDS, JORGE: El inútil de la familia: &quot;En el Diccionario de don Zorobabel figura la voz &quot;guachapear&quot;, que sería de origen castellano y significaría el ruido que forman, al andar, las herraduras de los animales mal herrados. Entre nosotros ...  significa &quot;hurtar prendas de poco valor: un cortaplumas, un libro, cigarros, volada, etcétera&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Se sigue utilizando alguna de estas acepciones &quot;oficiales&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T08:57:09.990" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T21:22:55.773" Title="¿Se utiliza actualmente &quot;guachapear&quot; en alguna de sus acepciones &quot;oficiales&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22985" CreationDate="2017-10-28T16:12:11.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vilo&lt;/strong&gt; no significa nada por sí solo, solo se usa en la expresion &lt;em&gt;en vilo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Corominas, su forma se debe a la influencia de la otra expresión &lt;em&gt;en vago&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;sin firmeza ni consistencia&quot;), que también se ve reflejada en &lt;em&gt;en vano&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;inútilmente&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta fuente, &lt;em&gt;en vilo&lt;/em&gt; deriva de &lt;strong&gt;vil&lt;/strong&gt;, palabra derivada del latín &lt;em&gt;vilis&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;barato, sin valor&quot;). Originalmente habría significado &quot;sin firmeza, sin estabilidad&quot;, como en la frase &lt;em&gt;paredes en vilo&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, paredes que están a punto de caer. Luego derivó a su actual significado de &quot;levantado en el aire&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;vil&lt;/em&gt; también derivan &lt;em&gt;vileza, vilipendiar&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;envilecer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-10-28T16:12:11.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22991" CreationDate="2017-10-28T19:31:32.697" Score="18" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos días leía acerca de reptiles y al buscar del tema en el DLE pude encontrar una curiosa etimología del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1r7Qz06&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aligátor&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aligátor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá del fr. &lt;em&gt;alligator&lt;/em&gt;, este del ingl. &lt;em&gt;alligator&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;el lagarto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además ayer planteaban la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22972/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es la secuencia m&amp;#225;s larga de definiciones circulares en el diccionario de la RAE?&lt;/a&gt;, y me llamó la atención la existencia de términos con &amp;quot;etimología circular&amp;quot; (en este &lt;strong&gt;posible&lt;/strong&gt; caso, proviene del francés, a su vez del inglés y este último vuelve al español, aunque la palabra lagarto ya se nos va por otras lenguas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otros términos con etimologías que provengan del español? ¿Conocen un caso que &amp;quot;cruce&amp;quot; por más de 2 lenguas antes de volver al español la etimología de un vocablo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:38:12.463" Title="¿Qué casos existen en el español de etimologías &quot;cíclicas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22988" CreationDate="2017-10-29T19:20:55.853" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos &amp;quot;del esp&amp;quot; en el DIRAE podemos ver algunos casos de palabras con etimologías circulares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WtVZv3y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;sabir&lt;/em&gt;, y este de &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Ling. Lengua franca de base románica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tg7Igmg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;popurrí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;pot pourri&lt;/em&gt;, y este calco de &lt;em&gt;olla podrida&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Mezcolanza de cosas diversas, cajón de sastre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Composición musical formada de fragmentos o temas de obras diversas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TfH1wAh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;popelina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;popeline&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;papelina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Cierta tela delgada, distinta de la papelina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a5qgcaS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tornado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;tornado&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;tronada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. huracán (‖ viento a modo de torbellino).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar ningún caso de palabra que haya pasado por dos idiomas o más antes de volver al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a comprobar estas etimologías circulares buscando en otros diccionarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El diccionario Larousse &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/sabir/70354?q=sabir#69596&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice que &lt;em&gt;sabir&lt;/em&gt; proviene&lt;/a&gt; del &amp;quot;espagnol ou provençal &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;, savoir&amp;quot;. El etimológico del CNRTL &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/sabir&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice que viene&lt;/a&gt; del español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para &lt;em&gt;popurrí&lt;/em&gt;, el Larousse &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/pot-pourri/63023?q=pot%20pourri#62312&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;confirma la etimología&lt;/a&gt;: &amp;quot;calque de l'espagnol &lt;em&gt;olla podrida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para &lt;em&gt;popelina&lt;/em&gt;, el Larousse &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/popeline/62602?q=popeline#61899&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;niega que venga del español&lt;/a&gt;. De hecho dice que es una palabra con etimología circular para el francés, dado que vendría del inglés &lt;em&gt;poplin&lt;/em&gt; y esta del francés &lt;em&gt;papeline&lt;/em&gt;. El etimológico del CNRTL &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/popeline&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece confirmarlo&lt;/a&gt;, así que esta quedaría en estado dudoso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Merriam-Webster &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tornado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;confirma que&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;tornado&lt;/em&gt; proviene del español &lt;em&gt;tronada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra palabra con posible etimología circular no confirmada: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ygwQJ3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;banyo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T09:29:17.403" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5804" CreationDate="2017-10-29T20:16:35.680" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The actual  name of the holiday is &lt;strong&gt;Día de Muertos&lt;/strong&gt;. Nowhere in Mexico you will see it called or referred any other way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside of Mexico,  people erroneously use &quot;Día de los muertos&quot;, the English back translation from its original, &quot;Día de Muertos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your purpose is to educate, pass along and honor the tradition, then I would recommend that you use the correct name: &quot;Día de Muertos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17990" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-10-18T05:53:04.160" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T05:53:04.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22995" CreationDate="2017-10-29T20:47:45.480" Score="4" ViewCount="12138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veo en el diccionario la expresión siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6S13ycd#4Yfxlin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de cabo a cabo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. adv. Del principio al fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;em&gt;cabo&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;el extremo de las cosas&quot;, la expresión parece clara: así, saberse algo &lt;em&gt;de cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt; significa sabérselo completamente (de principio a fin, &lt;em&gt;de pe a pa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, para mí la expresión ha sido siempre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Es esta expresión una simple deformación coloquial de la anterior? ¿O tiene un origen independiente que implique alguna acepción de &quot;rabo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2021-01-19T11:36:37.253" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;de cabo a rabo&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22997" CreationDate="2017-10-29T21:33:54.617" Score="4" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que estamos diseñando una camisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empezamos construyendo lo que vendría a ser el cuerpo, el talle y tenemos una especie de chaleco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En paralelo fabricamos unas mangas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finalmente juntamos esas mangas al &lt;em&gt;chaleco&lt;/em&gt; por lo que vendrían a ser los tirantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de este momento los tirantes ya no son tales, sino que representan el inicio de la manga, que vendría ser lo que rodea el sobaco (o axila, pues &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18186/1674&quot;&gt;cada cual lo dice de una manera según el país&lt;/a&gt;) de la persona que lo lleva. ¿Recibe algún nombre ese espacio interior, hueco o vano, que conecta el cuerpo con la manga? Podría entender que se llamara &lt;em&gt;junta&lt;/em&gt; a esa unión, pero no se me ocurre más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T08:47:02.110" Title="¿Tiene algún nombre la unión entre el cuerpo de una camisa y sus mangas?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22993" CreationDate="2017-10-29T22:58:27.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veamos cuándo comienza a usarse cada expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt; aparece ya en documentos escritos a mediados del siglo XIII (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=5&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=301017%5C011%5CC000O30102017113003599.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20de%20cabo%20a%20cabo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=12&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=301017%5C011%5CC000O30102017113003599.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20de%20cabo%20a%20cabo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto12&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;); &lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt; se encuentra en un texto de 1553 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=301017%5C011%5CC003O30102017113220067.1200.1196&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20de%20cabo%20a%20rabo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;) aunque luego no aparece más hasta 1772 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=301017%5C011%5CC003O30102017113220067.1200.1196&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20de%20cabo%20a%20rabo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparando con Google Ngrams (al cual no le faltará su sesgo, pero vale para esto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vyeMG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vyeMG.png&quot; alt=&quot;de cabo a cabo vs. de cabo a rabo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me explico ese pico de uso en torno a 1780. Fuera de eso, se ve con claridad que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt; parece ser la expresión original. El CORDE indexa desde mucho antes que Google, pero en ambas comparaciones el uso de &lt;em&gt;de cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt; precede por muchos años al de su alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ambas expresiones estuvieron en uso juntas durante siglos; según Ngrams, convivieron por un siglo con la misma frecuencia aproximada (¡por lo menos en los libros!)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A partir de 1920 más o menos &lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt; comienza a trepar en preferencia y su alternativa, que suponemos más castiza, pierde frecuencia, aunque no desaparece del todo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre un ejemplo ahora, pero hay muchos casos de expresiones que se deforman, cambiándose una palabra por otra por mera similitud fonética. En este caso no sólo hay similitud fonética sino también semántica (el rabo es donde termina el cuerpo de un animal, es decir, uno de sus extremos, es decir, un &quot;cabo&quot;) y además con &lt;em&gt;rabo&lt;/em&gt; se mantiene la rima a la vez que se suprime cierta cacofonía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en el DLE se marca como &quot;coloquial&quot; la expresión &lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt;. La expresión aparece por primera vez (según creo ver) en el Diccionario de 1869, y allí figura como &quot;familiar&quot;. En ambos casos &lt;em&gt;de cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt; no está marcada especialmente con ningún registro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bbLEO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bbLEO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto llevaría a suponer que &lt;em&gt;de cabo a rabo&lt;/em&gt; es en efecto una innovación por deformación fonética sobre &lt;em&gt;de cabo a cabo&lt;/em&gt;, que es expresión más antigua. No parece que haya significado nunca otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T10:37:55.477" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T10:37:55.477" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22998" CreationDate="2017-10-29T23:45:23.807" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;My great, great grandfather was serving in the US Navy in Mexico when he died in 1878.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've had the hand-written death record translated from Spanish to English but no one seems to be able to interpret the cause of death, written as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y manifestó que hoy a las siete y media de la mañana falleció de esciática&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17993" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-29T23:47:05.683" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T08:35:47.103" Title="meaning of &quot;esciática&quot; circa 1878" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22994" CreationDate="2017-10-29T23:55:53.933" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hacia el final de la página &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.camisasdevestir.com/2010/09/tomando-medidas-tu-camisa-favorita.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tomando Medidas a tu Camisa Favorita&lt;/a&gt; puede observarse que la unión del cuerpo y la manga en una prenda de vestir se denomina &amp;quot;sisa&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sisa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WHNSb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WHNSb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asegúrese de que la parte delantera de la camisa es hacia arriba. Coloque la cinta métrica en la parte superior de la costura de la sisa y seguir la costura a lo largo de su borde hasta el punto donde se reúne la sisa con la manga. Mida cuidadosamente ya que esta es una línea curva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T08:47:02.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22996" CreationDate="2017-10-29T23:57:04.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;They probably meant &lt;em&gt;ciática&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=98Cq7xB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;sciatĭcus&lt;/em&gt;, der. de &lt;em&gt;scia&lt;/em&gt; 'cadera'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Med. Neuralgia del nervio ciático.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The condition is called nearly the same in several languages, e.g. in English it's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sciatica&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But how could someone die from sciatica? Are you sure the word didn't mean something else in the 19th century?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I am 100% sure &lt;em&gt;esciatica&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ciatica&lt;/em&gt; are the same thing: sciatica.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;search in the NTTLE&lt;/a&gt; shows us that this ailment has been called like that for 500+ years (&lt;em&gt;ciatica&lt;/em&gt; for Spanish dictionaries, &lt;em&gt;sciatica&lt;/em&gt; for Spanish-English dictionaries):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqSOm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqSOm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the &quot;cause of death&quot; part, it seems like &quot;death by sciatica&quot; was not unheard of in the 19th century. Just google &lt;code&gt;sciatica as cause of death&lt;/code&gt; and you will find some info and conjectures, like those found in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/Genealogy/comments/3xkjw8/death_by_sciatica_in_the_19th_century/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reddit thread&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The gist of it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Death, not because of the actual sciatica, but of complications from a surgical intervention to try alleviate the pain.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Death from rheumatoid arthritis, which may have been mistaken for sciatic arthritis back then.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T08:35:47.103" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T08:35:47.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23000" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T08:35:54.953" Score="2" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los preliminares del &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt;, el autor incluyó una serie de composiciones poéticas burlescas. La primera es una llamada &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-ingenioso-hidalgo-don-quijote-de-la-mancha-6/html/05f86699-4b53-4d9b-8ab8-b40ab63fb0b3_2.html#I_4_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urganda la desconocida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que comienza así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si de llegarte a los bue-,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Libro, fueres con letu-,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No te dirá el boquirru-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que no pones bien los de-.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mas si el pan no se te cue-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por ir a manos de idio-,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Verás de manos a bo-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aun no dar una en el cla-,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si bien se comen las ma-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por mostrar que son curio-.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha llamado la atención esta composición, ya que si nos fijamos, a pesar de que a cada verso le falta la última sílaba, la rima de los mismos es consonante en la que queda como última sílaba de cada uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro en la Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urganda_la_Desconocida&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente explicación&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las poesías burlescas incluidas entre los preliminares del Quijote, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra incluyó uno a nombre de Urganda la Desconocida, que es el primero de todos y &lt;strong&gt;está compuesto por versos de cabo roto&lt;/strong&gt;, a los que le falta la sílaba final de cada línea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;versos de cabo roto&quot; la denominación correcta para los versos de este tipo de composiciones? ¿Reciben algún nombre concreto las composiciones poéticas compuestas exclusivamente por versos de cabo roto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus (aunque sea una pregunta más de literatura que del idioma): ¿Qué otras composiciones (más o menos famosas) existen con este tipo de versos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:08:44.167" Title="¿Reciben algún nombre concreto las composiciones poéticas compuestas por versos de cabo roto?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23003" CreationDate="2017-10-30T09:54:04.107" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/416113&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; en las HNQ:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Hindi, there is an idiom &quot;दिमाग का दही हो गया&quot; (dimaag ka dahi ho&#xA;  gaya) which literally translates to &quot;brain turned into yogurt&quot;. This&#xA;  is used when you're mentally exhausted and unable to think with your&#xA;  usual speed/clarity. Example situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A student studying for a few hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A person bored by listening to speeches all day, even though they weren't paying much attention.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there an English equivalent of this idiom?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automáticamente me he acordado de una prima mía, que en situaciones similares usa la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tengo el cerebro hecho croqueta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; refiriéndose a la masa interior de las croquetas. El caso es que nunca he sabido si esa expresión se la ha inventado ella, o si la ha oído en alguna parte, o si es común en alguna parte de España, dado que solo se la he oído a ella. Por supuesto, no encuentro casos ni en el CORDE ni en el CREA, pero es que ni siquiera en Google encuentro resultados de búsqueda, lo que me induce a pensar que es una creación suya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunto: ¿existe algún modismo similar usado en español para expresar esa misma idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:41:12.263" Title="Expresión en español para &quot;cerebro convertido en yogur&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23004" CreationDate="2017-10-30T11:40:34.030" Score="7" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;El inglés tiene muchas palabras que, en una única sílaba, recogen muchísimos matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las que más me ha llamado siempre la atención en este aspecto es &quot;lure&quot;. Según yo la entiendo, significa algo así como tender una trampa a alguien para capturarlo o dirigirlo hacia donde tú quieres. Para mí, es una palabra que transmite intencionalidad, premeditación, intensidad y a veces cierta maldad o alevosía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lure&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt; cita algunos ejemplos magníficos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;They lured the bear out of its den.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The suburbs are luring middle-class families away from the city.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The police lured him back to the scene of the crime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Explorers were lured to the area by tales of a city of gold.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;An attractive window display can help to lure shoppers into the&#xA;  store.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=lure&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wordreference&lt;/a&gt; da como traducciones las siguientes opciones: &lt;strong&gt;lanzar el anzuelo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;atraer&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tentar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, para mí, se pierden muchos matices con estas opciones (como decía antes, intencionalidad, premeditación, intensidad, maldad). Así pues, mi pregunta, ¿cómo traduciríais este término de manera general, de forma que quede lo más idiomático posible, pero sin tener que utilizar una frase enorme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T11:50:18.857" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T12:55:44.160" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;lure&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23001" CreationDate="2017-10-30T12:10:27.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que se puede usar la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tener la cabeza hecha un bombo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Tal y como yo la uso, sirve para todos para los casos que propones, aunque además también se puede usar para decir que te duele la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Estar rayado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, aunque quizás sea mucho más genérica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Decir que alguien te está &quot;&lt;strong&gt;rompiendo la cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. No se adapta exactamente a lo que pides, pero sirve para incidir en la causa (por culpa de otra persona).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T12:10:27.527" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23002" CreationDate="2017-10-30T12:56:25.573" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;to lure&lt;/em&gt; viene del mundo de la caza y pesca, y significa literalmente &quot;atraer mediante un cebo&quot;. Es uno de esos típicos verbos ingleses basados en un sustantivo, en este caso &lt;em&gt;lure&lt;/em&gt;: cebo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manteniendo esta connotación de &quot;cebo&quot;, veo dos posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=entruchar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entruchar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Atraer a alguien con disimulo y engaño, para meterlo en un negocio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=pescar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pescar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Lograr o conseguir astutamente lo que se pretendía o anhelaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque debo decir que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;atraer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; me parece totalmente válido, teniendo en cuenta (como he apuntado en un comentario) que la situación de &quot;trampa final&quot; no tiene por qué darse. De hecho, la connotación indicada por el MW es &quot;con placer o ganancia&quot;, que &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; no implica perjuicio para el atraído o la atraída.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T12:56:25.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23006" CreationDate="2017-10-30T14:30:45.793" Score="4" ViewCount="5854" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ser hijo de papá&amp;quot; generalmente se asocia con algo negativo, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pedro Heller: “Que me digan hijo de papá es una de las cosas que más me duele” [&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latercera.com/noticia/pedro-heller-no-me-gusta-me-regalen-las-cosas-regalo-genera-vacio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE tiene la siguiente entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KOGiy39&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hijo, ja de papá&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona bien situada, más que por sus propios méritos, por el influjo o el poder de sus padres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una definición más &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/hijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;23&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hijo de papá &lt;em&gt;coloquial, despectivo&lt;/em&gt; El que se aprovecha de la situación económica de sus padres sin buscar medios propios de vida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También me parece curioso que otra frase muy similar tenga un significado muy distinto: &lt;em&gt;hijo, ja de padre&lt;/em&gt;. En el DLE se puede encontrar lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KOGiy39#9OhdV0r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hijo, ja de padre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. hijo de su padre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para hijo de su padre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hijo de su padre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;m. y f. coloq&lt;/em&gt;. Denota la semejanza del hijo en las inclinaciones, cualidades o figura del padre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna razón para que &amp;quot;ser hijo de papá&amp;quot; sea negativo y &amp;quot;ser hijo de padre&amp;quot; no? La frase literal &amp;quot;ser hijo de papá&amp;quot;  no tiene nada de negativo, y pareciera un poco redundante. ¿Cómo se explica el significado despectivo para una frase que parece muy &amp;quot;inocente&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T14:25:13.150" Title="¿Por qué ser &quot;hijo, ja de papá&quot; tiene una connotación negativa?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23005" CreationDate="2017-10-30T15:16:58.143" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hijo de su padre&quot; viene a significar &quot;de tal palo tal astilla&quot; o &quot;la manzana no cae muy lejos del árbol&quot;. Como indicas implica &lt;em&gt;semejanza&lt;/em&gt;, en cualquier aspecto, con un progenitor. &quot;Hijo de papá&quot; tiene el mismo significado que la expresión &lt;code&gt;nacer con una cuchara de plata en la boca&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El matiz está en el uso de &quot;papá&quot; frente a &quot;padre&quot; para referirte a tus progenitores. Por lo menos en España uno dice &quot;mi &lt;strong&gt;padre&lt;/strong&gt; esto o lo otro&quot;, &quot;mi &lt;strong&gt;madre&lt;/strong&gt; tal o cual&quot;. Solo los niños pequeños usan &quot;papá&quot; o &quot;mamá&quot;. Por tanto &lt;code&gt;niño/hijo de papá&lt;/code&gt; viene a indicar que &lt;em&gt;papi&lt;/em&gt; está ahí como si fueras un niño pequeño (o que percibes a tu padre de esa manera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo vivo en Estados Unidos y aquí se dice &quot;my dad/my mom&quot; y &quot;your dad/your mom&quot;, ya que aquí eso términos tienen distinta connotación. En otros países de habla hispana &lt;code&gt;papá&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;papi&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;papito&lt;/code&gt; pueden tener distintas connotaciones o significados pero, por lo menos en España, el uso de &quot;papá y mamá&quot; para referirte a tus progenitores cuando hablas con alguien que no es alguno de tus hermanos indica un lazo afectivo &lt;em&gt;demasiado&lt;/em&gt; estrecho (básicamente, inmaduro e infantil). Yo a mi hermano le puedo decir &lt;code&gt;A **papá** le ha dado ahora con pintar&lt;/code&gt;, pero al resto del mundo le diría &lt;code&gt;A mi **padre** le ha dado ahora por pintar&lt;/code&gt; y nunca &lt;code&gt;A mi **papá/papi** le ha dado ahora por pintar&lt;/code&gt;. Sonaría infantil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, &quot;hijo de &lt;strong&gt;papá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; viene a significar que &quot;papaíto&quot; (connotación de la palabra como si la usase un niño de cinco años) está ahí para resolverte la mayoría de problemas, empezando por los &lt;strong&gt;económicos&lt;/strong&gt;. Un &quot;hijo de papá&quot; no tiene que trabajar duro para conseguir cosas en la vida, porque &lt;em&gt;papaíto&lt;/em&gt; se ocupa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma parecida, si dijeses que &quot;es hijo/a de su madre&quot;, aparte del significado despectivo, podrías implicar semejanza también. Pero si dijeses &quot;niño de &lt;em&gt;mamá&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, tendrías de nuevo la &lt;em&gt;infantilización&lt;/em&gt; de los usos del término que les da esas connotaciones de &quot;estar protegido&quot;, &quot;mimado&quot;, &quot;entre algodones&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T16:49:15.450" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:49:15.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22757" CreationDate="2017-10-30T15:26:20.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque en el diccionario de Nebrija se recoge la palabra &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt;, no existen apenas textos en el CORDE anteriores a 1600 que usen dicha palabra, lo que puede sugerir que su uso era mayoritariamente oral. Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya, señor, os veo, mas poco provecho me viene de vuestra vista, y estoy enojada porque me contrahicistes en la comedia de carnaval.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Delicado, &quot;La Lozana Andaluza&quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, veo casos de &lt;em&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/em&gt; en textos hasta del siglo XI, cuando el idioma se parecía más al latín clásico que al español actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Facta carta in era MLXXV notum die dominico pro carnestollendas quando rege fuit in andiçanicu XIII kalendas marcias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Donación hecha por Ramiro I a Ato Galíndez, de varias heredades en Larrés, en la era 1075&quot;, 1037 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto prueba que &lt;em&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/em&gt; (o sus variantes &lt;em&gt;carnestollendas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;carnestolliendas&lt;/em&gt;, o incluso &lt;em&gt;carnestultas&lt;/em&gt; según la región) ya existían en el latín vulgar. Un ejemplo de algo que más se parece al castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El qui toviere bues o bestias, o bue o bestia con que omne pueda labrar, de carnestolliendas fata sant Andrés, quanto tiempo quequier que lo tenga, dé fuero por ello assí cuemo si lo toviesse tod'el año.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Carta de don Miguel, abad de Oña&quot;, 1237 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;carnevale&lt;/em&gt; en italiano también proviene del latín vulgar, en su caso de &lt;em&gt;carne-levamen&lt;/em&gt;, con transposición de las consonantes por influencia del latín &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;adiós&quot;). El hecho de que al español llegara ya la palabra &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; con las consonantes traspuestas indicaría que primero debió transcurrir el tiempo suficiente como para que la palabra consiguiera su forma actual en italiano, por lo que la palabra &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; debió llegar más tarde a nuestro idioma que &lt;em&gt;carnestolendas&lt;/em&gt;. La falta de textos conteniendo &lt;em&gt;carnaval&lt;/em&gt; anteriores al siglo XVI parece confirmarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T15:26:20.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23000" CreationDate="2017-10-30T15:47:37.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bfpCTfM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; define&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verso de cabo roto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Métr. verso que tiene suprimida o cortada la sílaba o sílabas que siguen a la última acentuada.verso de cabo roto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que efectivamente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;verso de cabo roto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es la denominación correcta para esos versos. Y  que no tiene por qué faltar solo la sílaba final, sino que son &lt;strong&gt;todas las sílabas que siguen a la acentuada&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.prometeodigital.org/Descarga/FONDO_DOCUMENTAL/FDP022_MARIOL_CABOROTO.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; Luis Mario indica que &quot;... que, por dificultoso y superficial, no prendió en el ánimo de los poetas. &quot; y recoge la invención de los mismos por Alonso Alvarez de Soria, anterior a Cervantes. Transcribo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...Cervantes, a quien siempre se tuvo por creador de esa modalidad,&#xA;  aunque no fuera así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y no fue así porque hubo un antecedente, que relata Ricardo Palma en&#xA;  sus Tradiciones peruanas, donde se hace un retrato cruel de una época&#xA;  remota, cuando la humanidad entraba en el siglo XVII. Resulta que a&#xA;  principios de 1605 salió de la imprenta El Quijote, donde hay décimas&#xA;  de cabo roto, como la que empieza: &quot;Advierte que es desati-,/ siendo&#xA;  de vidrio el teja-...&quot; Pero ya desde un año antes eran populares en&#xA;  Sevilla las coplas de cabo roto. Según Palma, que tomó los datos de un&#xA;  viejo periódico de Madrid, Alonso Alvarez de Soria, joven inquieto,&#xA;  calavera y burlón, creó el verso de cabo roto en alusión a los&#xA;  bravucones de Triana que, presumiendo de valientes, dejaban sin&#xA;  pronunciar la última sílaba de un período, fanfarronamente. Pero un&#xA;  día Alvarez de Soria fue muy lejos con sus burlas y, para fatalidad&#xA;  suya, envolvió con ellas a quien tenía poco sentido del buen humor,&#xA;  nada menos que el Asistente de Sevilla, Bernardino de Avellaneda,&#xA;  señor del Castillo, quien se las arregló para colgar al poeta en forma&#xA;  afrentosa y sin juicio previo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nada valió entonces que otros poetas sevillanos pidieran perdón para&#xA;  su colega. Y concluye Ricardo Palma esta, su “Tradición española”, con&#xA;  la siguiente afirmación: &quot;En cuando a los versos de cabo roto, de que&#xA;  fue el inventor, (Palma se refiere a Alvarez de Soria) a pesar del&#xA;  empeño de Cervantes por popularizarlos, puede decirse que no han hecho&#xA;  ni harán fortuna. Nacieron con desgracia&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esa información, dudo que haya muchas más composiciones con versos de cabo roto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://piramideacostada.blogspot.com.es/2017/04/decimas-de-cabo-roto-jugando-con-la.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; hay algunas más, incluyendo una de  Alonso Álvarez de Soria, el supuesto inventor de este verso, dedicada a Lope de Vega:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Lope&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Envió Lope de Ve-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al señor don Juan de Argui-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el libro del peregri-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a que diga si está bue-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y es tan noble y tan discre-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que estando como está ma-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dice es otro Garcila-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en su traza y compostu-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mas luego entre si quien du-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no diga que está bella-  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado he encontrado algo &lt;em&gt;parecido&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://franciscoacuyo.blogspot.com.es/2012/07/versos-de-cabo-doblado-por-jose.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en que en vez de truncar la palabra se pasan las sílabas al verso siguiente (y lo denominan &lt;strong&gt;versos de cabo doblado&lt;/strong&gt;), como:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Oh nube, cuánta calén-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dula en flor espera llu-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  via que le niegas tan hu-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  raña y avara sabien-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  do que es el agua sostén&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de la flor y la alegrí-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a de cuerpos y alma ardi-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dos! ¡No celes sol, y col-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ma la sed con unos gol-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pes generosos y flui-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dos de ti!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorDisplayName="user17232" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T16:08:44.167" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:08:44.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23001" CreationDate="2017-10-30T16:41:12.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi me suena tener el &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/tengo-el-cerebro-quemado.1497446/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cerebro quemado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta expresión se refiere al cansancio mental producido por el exceso de estudio o trabajo mental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:41:12.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22793" CreationDate="2017-10-30T21:37:15.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre 1972 y 1974 Joe Rígoli, un cómico y actor argentino afincado por entonces en España, aparecía en un programa los domingos llamado 'Tarde para todos'. En él había un concurso y siempre que se hacia la pregunta o lo que tenían que hacer los concursantes decía: &quot;¡Esto está chupado!&quot; haciendo una mueca muy característica. Esa fue la primera vez que oí esa expresión que se puso inmediatamente de moda por todo el país, la frase y la mueca. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18000" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T21:37:15.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23012" CreationDate="2017-10-31T08:38:09.583" Score="6" ViewCount="979" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una conversación ha salido hoy un término que me ha fascinado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TL7hQhw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plañidero, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;plañido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Lloroso y lastimero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mujer llamada y pagada que iba a llorar a los entierros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda acepción es la que me ha sorprendido, la verdad es que no sabía que existiera un oficio así (aunque el uso de &lt;em&gt;iba&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;va&lt;/em&gt; indica que es algo que ya no se hace).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que de ahí he visto que en español existe el verbo &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TLFeZZB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plañir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;plangĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Gemir y llorar, sollozando o clamando. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En contraposición tenemos el verbo &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NVzTcUw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;llorar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;plorāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Derramar lágrimas. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que el verbo &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt; es más simple que &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt; en cuanto a sus implicaciones, puesto que simplemente &quot;derramar lágrimas&quot; no implica tener un sentimiento de pena o tristeza, como parece implicar &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;. Tal y como lo veo, plañir implica llorar, pero llorar no implica plañir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando otros diccionarios, he visto que tanto el español como el portugués y el francés optaron por derivados de &lt;em&gt;plorāre&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que el italiano se decantó por un derivado de &lt;em&gt;plangĕre&lt;/em&gt;, no sé si es porque los italianos son más expresivos. Y en el caso del español, se usa el derivado &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt; incluso aunque la situación merezca el uso de &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;, que ha quedado en desuso (aunque no esté marcado como tal, yo nunca lo he visto usado salvo en palabras derivadas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto en cuanto a las diferencias entre ambos verbos, o la diferencia es otra? ¿Se usó en el pasado el verbo &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt; cuando la situación lo merecía por encima del verbo &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuándo quedó en desuso el verbo &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T20:18:04.377" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;plañir&quot; y &quot;llorar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23011" CreationDate="2017-10-31T08:45:25.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal como indica la definicion, plañir consiste en &lt;em&gt;&quot;Gemir &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; llorar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Nótese la conjunción: además de derramar lágrimas, es necesario emitir sonidos lastimeros, gemidos, lamentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para definir esto, hoy en día se usa más la palabra &lt;strong&gt;llanto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NUHokpl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;llanto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Efusión de lágrimas acompañada frecuentemente de lamentos y sollozos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque ciertamente no tiene la misma fuerza que &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt;, motivo por el cual éste se reserva para referirse a llantos exagerados, como los de las plañideras en los entierros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intentando responder a la segunda parte de tu pregunta, esta es la frecuencia de uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;plañir&lt;/em&gt; según el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NlMw4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NlMw4.png&quot; alt=&quot;© yo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede verse que en los siglos XV y XVI se usaba el verbo como tal verbo (&lt;em&gt;plañen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plañían&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plañendo&lt;/em&gt; etc.), de manera relativamente frecuente, y en varias ocasiones contrapuesto a &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;plañendo fuert e llorando&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;plañja &amp;amp; lloraua&quot;&lt;/em&gt; *. En cambio, los usos sustantivados (&lt;em&gt;plañidera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;plañido&lt;/em&gt; etc.) eran los menos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A partir del s. XVII empieza a decaer su uso, siendo prácticamente inexistente en el s. XVIII.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En los ss. XIX y XX, se produce una reaparición del término, pero usándose sobre todo como sustantivo. El uso propiamente verbal se puede considerar testimonial si tenemos en cuenta la abundancia de obra escrita en estos siglos, respecto de los siglos XV y XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* Eso no sale en la gráfica, pero es lo que he observado.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T09:56:21.420" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T09:56:21.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T12:36:58.033" Score="3" ViewCount="1136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por experiencia propia sé que en algunos sitios de España es común decir &quot;ves&quot; en lugar de &quot;ve&quot; como imperativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;. Los casos con los que me he encontrado son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cataluña. Ignoro el motivo, pero he visto &quot;ves&quot; escrito hasta en traducciones realizadas allí (como pasa con los mangas publicados por la editorial Planeta, que suelen tener traducciones no demasiado revisadas). Imagino que puede ser por influencia del mismo tiempo expresado en catalán.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Castilla-La mancha. Me contaron que es común decir &quot;ves&quot; para enfatizar, incluso en expresiones como &quot;veste a la mierda&quot; (literalmente, ese fue el ejemplo que me dio una chica de Albacete).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión se encuentra incluso en textos del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Ves a casa del Sr. Castro y Serrano a ver cómo está, y si no le ha pasado nada, dí al cocinero que me ponga para almorzar de las setas de ayer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ángel Muro, &quot;El Practicón. Tratado completo de cocina&quot;, 1891-1894 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en expresiones orales recogidas por el CREA, marcadas como de formalidad baja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú ves a la farmacia y pide morfina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me gustaría preguntar es: ¿en qué otros lugares de España es común oír a la gente pronunciando &quot;ves&quot; en lugar de &quot;ve&quot;? ¿Qué motivos hay en cada sitio para pronunciarlo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: aunque la pregunta está enfocada a España, si en algún país de Hispanoamérica también sucede, se puede añadir igualmente a la respuesta (aunque creo que allí se usa más &quot;andá&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2021-03-29T15:49:44.567" Title="¿En qué lugares se usa &quot;ves&quot; como imperativo de &quot;ir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23014" CreationDate="2017-10-31T13:28:48.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Regiones y motivos en las que se usa &quot;ves&quot; en lugar de &quot;ve&quot; como imperativo del verbo &quot;ir&quot;:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Castilla-La Mancha (como forma de enfatizar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cataluña, Comunidad Valenciana, Islas Baleares, Región de Murcia (posiblemente influenciadas por el catalán &lt;em&gt;vés&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T14:13:10.910" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T14:13:10.910" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-10-31T13:28:48.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23005" CreationDate="2017-10-31T14:04:04.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es interesante la pregunta en cuánto a que, en México, ambas opciones tienen connotación negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hijo de papá&lt;/strong&gt; también tiene el sentido de alguien que se aprovecha de la situación privilegiada del padre y que además es muy consentido por éste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opino que pocas personas te dirían &lt;strong&gt;eres un hijo de tu padre&lt;/strong&gt; para denotar similitud con el propio padre; en cambio, usarían una frase indirecta como: &lt;em&gt;hijo de tigre pintito&lt;/em&gt; o algo similar. ¡Ah! Pero si tú madre te dice: &lt;strong&gt;eres un hijo de tú padre&lt;/strong&gt;, si está haciendo alusión a una similitud con tu padre; pero refiriendose a una característica con la que ella no va de acuerdo; por lo tanto, no se puede tomar de manera positiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México, un adulto se puede referir a su padre también como papá en un ámbito más amplio, sin ser considerado infantil. Por lo tanto, hijo de papá podría tender a ser más neutro que hijo de &lt;strong&gt;tu/su padre&lt;/strong&gt; o hijo de &lt;strong&gt;papi&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero papi, si está reservado para niños pequeños. Por consiguiente, &lt;strong&gt;hijo de papi&lt;/strong&gt; tiene una connotación negativa y se refiere con esta frase a un individuo con un padre que posee una posición económica alta y recibe de éste todo lo que pueda pedir con poca o ninguna restricción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hijo de tu padre&lt;/strong&gt; es, más bien, reservado para la madre de uno. Recordemos que en México, &lt;strong&gt;hijo de tu madre&lt;/strong&gt; puede llegar a ser un insulto; por esto, la madre usará la palabra padre con el&#xA;mismo tono. Sin embargo, es muy dificil que el padre se sienta, realmente, insultado por esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T14:25:13.150" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T14:25:13.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23019" CreationDate="2017-10-31T15:05:25.290" Score="7" ViewCount="1135" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una pregunta sobre relativos, y creo que lo mejor es empezar por el ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma natural, yo construyo las siguientes frases así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Soy yo quien/el que &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Eres tú quien/el que &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es él quien/el que &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Somos nosotros quienes/los que &lt;strong&gt;tenemos&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sois vosotros quienes/los que &lt;strong&gt;tenéis&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Son ellos quienes/los que &lt;strong&gt;tienen&lt;/strong&gt; razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si os fijáis, en las tres primeras frases, que corresponden a las personas en singular, el verbo después de &quot;quien&quot;/&quot;el que&quot;/&quot;los que&quot; está conjugado en 3ª del singular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, para las personas en plurar, el verbo se conjuga en concordancia con el sujeto de la principal (nosotros/vosotros/ellos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me di cuenta de esto en una clase de francés, ya que en la estructura equivalente del francés, el verbo de la subordinada siempre va en concordancia con el de la principal. Digamos que en francés sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soy yo quien/el que tengo razón&lt;/em&gt; *.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frase que a mí me suena horrible. Sin embargo, no estoy tan segura de que para el plural sea correcta la forma que pongo en los ejemplos: buscando en Google las frases &quot;somos nosotros quienes tenemos&quot; y &quot;somos nosotros quienes tienen&quot;, obtenemos un número muy similar de resultados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, las preguntas: ¿es esto correcto? ¿Está esto reglado o recogido en algún sitio? ¿Por qué sucede? ¿Es un fenómeno regional o es global en todo el castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE, no encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QdP8Fv3omD69crIpsn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;información al respecto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T15:20:10.157" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T15:54:40.920" Title="Conjugación después del relativo &quot;quien&quot;/&quot;el que&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23082" CreationDate="2017-10-31T15:51:49.090" Score="3" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=VvVJP4bDePAC&amp;amp;pg=PA72&amp;amp;lpg=PA72&amp;amp;dq=Quebranteste%20las%20puertas%20e%20saqueste%20los%20padres%20santos&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=G27bGTeBmG&amp;amp;sig=5cAsxs1_01e_K_5OPiRq5Qv6rGQ&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwje-8mAlpvXAhUBSSYKHS32CtkQ6AEINTAD#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Quebranteste%20las%20puertas%20e%20saqueste%20los%20padres%20santos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se puede observar el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuste luego a los infiernos como fue tu voluntad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e quebranteste las puertas, saqueste los santos padres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La conjugación &lt;em&gt;quebrant&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ste&lt;/em&gt; es ahora &amp;quot;quebrant&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;ste&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;saqu&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ste&amp;quot; es ahora &amp;quot;sac&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;ste&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, no en todos los verbos se ve esa predilección por la &amp;quot;e&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te encarnaste en Santa María madre,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Belén apareciste, como fue tu voluntad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna explicación para esta evolución en la conjugación? ¿Desde cuándo tenemos la conjugación que conocemos actualmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T20:53:15.000" Title="¿Cuándo y por qué cambió la conjugación para algunos verbos en español antiguo?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23017" CreationDate="2017-10-31T15:54:40.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DPD hay una entrada sobre concordacia de verbos y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5#413&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;último punto&lt;/a&gt; habla justamente de eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el sujeto del verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; es un pronombre de primera o de segunda&#xA;  persona del singular (yo, tú/vos), el verbo de la oración de relativo&#xA;  puede ir, bien en tercera persona del singular, en concordancia&#xA;  estricta con su sujeto gramatical (el/la que o quien), opción&#xA;  mayoritaria en el habla culta: &lt;em&gt;«Yo soy el que manda acá»&lt;/em&gt; (Soriano&#xA;  León [Arg. 1986]); bien en primera o segunda persona del singular,&#xA;  concordando con el sujeto del verbo ser, opción habitual en el habla&#xA;  coloquial y que expresa mayor implicación afectiva por parte del&#xA;  hablante: &lt;em&gt;«Por primera vez en mi vida yo soy la que tengo el&#xA;  control»&lt;/em&gt; (Santiago Sueño [P. Rico 1996]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el sujeto de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; es un pronombre de primera o segunda persona&#xA;  del plural (&lt;em&gt;nosotros, vosotros&lt;/em&gt;), el verbo de la oración de relativo no&#xA;  va nunca en tercera persona, sino que la concordancia se establece&#xA;  siempre con el pronombre personal: &lt;em&gt;«Nosotros somos los que mandamos»&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Chase &lt;em&gt;Pavo&lt;/em&gt; [C. Rica 1996]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T15:54:40.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T16:56:13.493" Score="8" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;treat&lt;/code&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;something &lt;strong&gt;special&lt;/strong&gt; that you do or buy for yourself or someone else&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/treat_2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;macmillandictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(US) something that tastes good and that is not eaten often&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learnersdictionary.com/definition/treat&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;learnersdictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The examples given by learnersdictionary are the most interesting for this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;freshly baked &lt;strong&gt;treats&lt;/strong&gt; [=goodies]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cookies and other tasty &lt;strong&gt;treats&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She rewarded the dog with a &lt;strong&gt;treat&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the dog receives that &lt;em&gt;treat&lt;/em&gt;, is a sort of &lt;code&gt;premio&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;recompensa&lt;/code&gt; (which goes implicit in the verb &lt;em&gt;rewarded&lt;/em&gt; and might be redundant as such in a translation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;quot;cookies and other tasty &lt;em&gt;treats&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; can be misleading. Although is easy to associate &lt;code&gt;treats&lt;/code&gt; with &amp;quot;dulces&amp;quot; it doesn't need to be the case. For example, &amp;quot;chorizo&amp;quot; is a treat for my family. Where we live &lt;em&gt;chorizo&lt;/em&gt; is not impossible to find, but can be difficult (at least finding a good quality one) and thus, it is pricey. So chorizo is a treat for our family. We don't eat it often and when we do I cut just a few &lt;em&gt;rodajas&lt;/em&gt; for the kid and it's something &amp;quot;special&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably many different things could be considered &amp;quot;treats&amp;quot; since, after all, with the usage of &lt;code&gt;treat&lt;/code&gt; as a verb you could &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;treat&lt;/em&gt; yourself to a massage&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;take the kids to the water park as a special &lt;em&gt;treat&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; (in which &lt;em&gt;treat&lt;/em&gt; is more like an &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=145ieuM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;agasajo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds weird to me, but maybe the proper translation for &amp;quot;chorizo is a treat for our family&amp;quot; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El chorizo es una &lt;em&gt;chuchería&lt;/em&gt; en nuestra familia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El chorizo es una &lt;em&gt;golosina&lt;/em&gt; en nuestra familia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because I always associated &lt;code&gt;chucherías&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;golosinas&lt;/code&gt; as something sweet (candy-like), but maybe it doesn't need to be, since the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JJSPPh5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;golosina&lt;/a&gt; says that is &amp;quot;generally sweet&amp;quot; it it doesn't need to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a good way of translating &amp;quot;treat&amp;quot; into Spanish, considering that we can understand it meaning as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;something that tastes good and that is not eaten often&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T12:56:40.277" Title="What is the best translation for the noun &quot;treat&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2017-10-31T17:40:54.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así, a bote pronto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OErwq5c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manjar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Comida exquisita.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HLnSGbm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;exquisitez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cosa exquisita, especialmente un manjar de reducido tamaño y de aspecto y sabor delicados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2IEBMQ2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ambrosía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mit. Manjar o alimento de los dioses.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Vianda, manjar o bebida de gusto suave o delicado. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user17232" LastEditorDisplayName="user17232" LastEditDate="2017-10-31T17:51:35.717" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T17:51:35.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2017-10-31T19:10:35.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate?q=treat&amp;amp;l=enes&amp;amp;in=ac_en&amp;amp;lf=en#result-sig-61618325-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pons&lt;/a&gt; se propone la traducción &lt;strong&gt;gusto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I bought myself an ice cream as or for a treat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me compré un helado para darme (un) gusto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría también asociar con la siguiente entrada en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Juk3i3t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gusto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Capricho, antojo, diversión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T19:10:35.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23024" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23044" CreationDate="2017-11-01T03:47:16.213" Score="4" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta ocasión nos vamos al este... hasta la China para volver al Oeste. Para el juego traemos el cuento &quot;Viaje al Oeste&quot; de &lt;em&gt;Wu Ch’eng-en&lt;/em&gt;. Uno de los 4 clásicos de la literatura china.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien el texto en chino está presente en varios sitios, mi desconocimiento del idioma original (y creo no ser el único) me lleva a elegir la versión traducida al &lt;a href=&quot;https://chine.in/fichiers/jourwest.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inglés&lt;/a&gt; de la parte del libro que deseo, en el capítulo 7. Aquí el Rey Mono está destruyendo el palacio real del Emperador de Jade para hacerse con el poder, contra todos los ejércitos de las deidades lo que lleva a que el Buda Tathagata hable con él:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;What have you got, besides immortality and the ability to transform yourself, that gives you the nerve to try&#xA;  to seize the Heavenly Palace?&quot; the Buddha asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I can do many tricks indeed,&quot; the Great Sage replied. &quot;I can perform seventy−two transformations, and I can&#xA;  preserve my youth for ten thousand kalpas. I can ride a somersault cloud that takes me thirty−six thousand&#xA;  miles at a single jump. So why shouldn't I sit on the throne of Heaven?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'll have a wager with you then,&quot; said the Buddha. &quot;If you're clever enough to get out of my right hand with a&#xA;  single somersault, you will be the winner, and there will be no more need for weapons or fighting: I shall&#xA;  invite the Jade Emperor to come and live in the West and abdicate the Heavenly Palace to you. But if you&#xA;  can't get out of the palm of my hand you will have to go down to the world below as a devil and train yourself&#xA;  for several more kalpas before coming to argue about it again.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traducción publicada &lt;a href=&quot;https://deymerg.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/viaje-al-oeste-las-aventuras-del-rey-mono.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en español&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Aparte de la inmortalidad y de tu capacidad metamórfica, ¿qué otros poderes posees para osar usurpar el trono de esta región santa?&quot; preguntó el Patriarca Budista.  -&#xA;&quot;¡Muchísimos!&quot; contestó el Gran Sabio con rapidez. &quot;Domino setenta y dos transformaciones y poseo una vida que se mantendrá inmutable durante más de diez mil &lt;em&gt;kalpas&lt;/em&gt;. Sé, además, andar por las nubes y con un solo salto soy capaz de desplazarme a una distancia de ciento ocho mil kilómetros. ¿Te parece poco para que pueda ocupar el trono del cielo?&quot;  -&#xA;&quot;Hagamos una apuesta&quot; replicó el Patriarca Budista. &quot;Si eres capaz de caer de mi mano derecha de un solo salto, te consideraremos todos el vencedor. No tendrás que seguir guerreando, porque yo mismo pediré al Emperador de Jade que se venga a vivir conmigo al oeste y te deje a ti el Palacio Celeste. Si, por el contrario, eres incapaz de abandonar la palma de mi mano, regresarás a las Regiones Inferiores, donde deberás someterte a unas cuantas &lt;em&gt;kalpas&lt;/em&gt; más, antes de volver a causar problemas.&quot;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(803 caracteres)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las diferencias entre textos se notan por ser publicados en inglés y en español (no es traducción mía la versión en español, la dejo para el fuera de concurso) y a pesar del tamaño inicial se ve muy golfeable... y de veras llama la atención esta &lt;em&gt;anécdota&lt;/em&gt; de lo que hace el Rey Mono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: &lt;em&gt;Kalpa&lt;/em&gt; es un periodo de tiempo largo (con mayúsculas y a alargada) en el budismo o en el hinduismo. Al no ser un término en español, podrán adaptarlo o usarlo como extranjerismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éxitos a todos y a lucirse planteando la mejor traducción con menos caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, in the column of the middle he wrote &quot; @Charlie has won the game &quot;. Congrats @Charlie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T03:36:54.467" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T03:36:54.467" Title="Translation Golf XXIV - Go East or Go West?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-01T12:58:32.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23024" CreationDate="2017-11-01T11:58:26.940" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;636 531 488 428 395 353 310&lt;/s&gt; 289 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BUDA: ¿Tienes la jeta de venir a ocupar el Templo Divino, por mutante&#xA;  sin fin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GRAN SABIO: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MFgNyz8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ja&lt;/a&gt;! 72 cambios,10 000 kalpas de zagal y 36 000 millas en un&#xA;  salto de nube valen el trono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BUDA: Salta de mi &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CGv2o6x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;derecha&lt;/a&gt; y se acaba la pelea, invoco al Rey de Jade,&#xA;  viene a vivir al Oeste y te da el templo, si fallas irás al mundo cual&#xA;  diablo y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ZNca8Z%7C4ZOJgV6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;avíate&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sz7DDE4%7CSz7PRrG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pila&lt;/a&gt; de kalpas antes de volver al asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T01:05:10.173" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T01:05:10.173" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-01T11:58:26.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23048" CreationDate="2017-11-01T13:23:49.153" Score="2" ViewCount="1159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he entendido la expresión &quot;a todas estas&quot; como una introducción a una pregunta que de alguna manera sirve para conectarla con el resto de la conversación. Por ejemplo, si estamos conversando sobre política y queremos hacer una pregunta acerca de eso, podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y a todas estas ¿a tí cuál partido te gusta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos acá:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.univision.com/entretenimiento/celebridades/y-a-todas-estas-por-que-le-pusieron-north-fotos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Y a todas estas, ¿por qué le pusieron North?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vidaextra.com/respuestas/y-a-todas-estas-que-ha-pasado-con-psygnosis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Y a todas estas, ¿qué ha pasado con Psygnosis?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arcoiris.com.co/2016/07/a-todas-estas-quien-tiene-la-verdad/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A todas estas ¿Quién tiene la verdad?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende esta expresión en todas partes? ¿La frase viene de otra más larga? ¿Qué son acá &quot;todas&quot; y &quot;estas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T14:33:02.740" Title="¿A qué nos referimos al decir &quot;a todas estas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23028" CreationDate="2017-11-01T14:47:22.573" Score="4" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to translate a travel advertisement for Dénia, Spain, and I am getting stuck on the catchphrase &quot;Hay que volver a sentir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this translates as &quot;A necessary return to sensation&quot; or &quot;You must return to feeling&quot;. Nothing I can think of captures the essence of what I think the advertisement is trying to get across. The ad has a photo of a woman relaxing and reading on a white sand beach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning of &quot;Hay que volver a sentir&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18007" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T18:36:20.023" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T19:18:08.770" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Hay que volver a sentir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23027" CreationDate="2017-11-01T15:17:07.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others said in the comments, we don't translate into English, but as it seems you have a doubt with the meaning of &quot;volver&quot;, let's focus into that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're using &quot;return&quot; as a translation. That is a valid translation in other context. We can find that meaning in the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c33Avl1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;volver&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;20&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;intr&lt;/em&gt;. Ir al lugar de donde se partió.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case I think the idea with &quot;volver&quot; is to do something (in this case to feel) one more time. So in this case we can use this other meaning of volver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;23&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;intr.&lt;/em&gt; Repetir o reiterar lo que antes se ha hecho. Volver A entrar, A empezar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, to repeat, or do again, something that was done before. Look at these examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero volver a jugar -&gt; I want to play again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No vuelvas a hacerlo -&gt; Don't do it again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a possible translation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's necessary to feel again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We/you need to feel (it?) again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T19:01:28.853" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T19:01:28.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23027" CreationDate="2017-11-01T19:12:54.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning is about living the sensation again. It’s about feelings or experiences; not only repeating the activity but being in that moment again. More like going back in time and going through the same experience. It’s a tough translation but I’ll give some examples and I’m sure you can capture the idea and provide a better English phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let’s live again&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Let’s feel again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T19:18:08.770" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T19:18:08.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23032" CreationDate="2017-11-01T19:57:23.683" Score="8" ViewCount="1043" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47010910/why-does-sizeofa-true-false-give-an-output-of-four-bytes%20de%20stackoverflow&quot;&gt;una pregunta de Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;  vi el uso de una expresión en inglés que me pareció muy interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ternary operator is a red herring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo un enlace de Wikipedia para &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_herring&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Red herring&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar una definición para dicha frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A red herring is something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo que entiendo de la explicación en el mismo sitio acerca del origen de la expresión, se refiere a un pez curado fuertemente oloroso con el que supuestamente se entrenaban sabuesos. La intención era entrenar al perro para que al fin fuera capaz de ignorar el fuerte olor del pescado y se concentrara en la presa real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate?q=red%20herring&amp;amp;l=enes&amp;amp;in=&amp;amp;lf=en&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pons&lt;/a&gt; propone la traducción &quot;pista falsa&quot; para esta expresión. ¿Tenemos en español una manera figurativa o al menos no tan literal como &quot;pista falsa&quot; para la expresión en inglés &quot;red herring&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T20:10:49.150" LastActivityDate="2021-05-07T11:11:31.563" Title="¿Hay algún equivalente en español para &quot;red herring&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18082" CreationDate="2017-11-01T20:04:44.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque la pregunta se refiere a países, hay que notar que el voseo más que en países se usa en regiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo anterior quiero hacer referencia otra pregunta similar en este mismo sitio donde Joze y yo adicionamos mapas de las regiones donde se usa el voseo y donde además se combina con otras formas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicha pregunta es &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/196/are-there-regions-or-dialects-which-use-both-t%C3%BA-and-vos/197#197&quot;&gt;Are there regions or dialects which use both “tú” and “vos”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La fuente del mapa original de Joze no la sé pero la del mapa actualizado es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:04:44.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23030" CreationDate="2017-11-01T20:10:01.957" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español tienes la expresión &lt;code&gt;cortina de humo&lt;/code&gt; que es de acuerdo al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B2uMIwC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;Artificio de ocultación&amp;quot;. Otras expresiones podrían ser &lt;code&gt;jugar al despiste&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;maniobra de distracción&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si en lugar de un modismo buscas un término considera &amp;quot;falacia&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HVXQdUl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falacia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Engaño, fraude o mentira con que se intenta dañar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o su equivalente &lt;code&gt;señuelo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcUbjzu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;señuelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Cosa que sirve para atraer, persuadir o inducir, con alguna falacia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usado en el ejemplo que pones, podrías decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El operador ternario es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HVzTBTi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falaz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso una &amp;quot;red herring&amp;quot; lo que hace es &lt;em&gt;mislead&lt;/em&gt; (confundir o engañar en español), por lo que para mi la mejor traducción habría sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El operador ternario  &lt;strong&gt;lleva a engaño&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero &amp;quot;lleva(r) a engaño&amp;quot; no es realmente un modismo (es una expresión muy literal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:25:51.907" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23030" CreationDate="2017-11-01T20:18:17.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=red%20herring&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; señala otra posible traducción que me gusta bastante: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;maniobra distractiva&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observemos el caso: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/47012220/1983854&quot;&gt;la respuesta&lt;/a&gt; nos está diciendo que el código&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;printf(&quot;%zu\n&quot;, sizeof(a ? true : false)); // Why 4?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es equivalente a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;printf(&quot;%zu\n&quot;, sizeof(true));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que el código &lt;code&gt;a ? true : false&lt;/code&gt; es básicamente una forma de decir &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; de una forma un tanto compleja, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;maniobra distractiva&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de lo que realmente es importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:18:17.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19383" CreationDate="2017-11-01T21:45:38.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En castellano hay varias palabras que en otras lenguas romances (mis referencias son gallego y francés) tienen diferente género. Son un quebradero de cabeza para los estudiantes hispanohablantes, os lo aseguro. Siempre he sospechado que ha sido en castellano donde cambiaron de género, así que he hecho algo de investigación con algunas de las palabras más comunes que tengo fichadas en este aspecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ejemplos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La información de los ejemplos que os propongo abajo ha sido consultada en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; (DPD), en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/ntllet/SrvltGUILoginNtlletPub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios académicos&lt;/a&gt; y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corpus de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; (CORDE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Color&lt;/strong&gt;: En el mapa de diccionarios el género es consistentemente masculino, pero en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=color&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; se dice que en el español antiguo y medieval era femenino. El CORDE recoge numerosos ejemplos de su empleo en femenino, desde la edad media hasta el S. XX.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puente&lt;/strong&gt;: Según el mapa de diccionarios, ¡&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ambiguo&lt;/a&gt; hasta 1992! En el CORDE hay numerosísismos ejemplos de su uso en femenino, y en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=puente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; también se recoge que era femenino en español medieval antiguo. Particularmente curioso el caso de esta palabra, ya que en latín era masculino, luego cambió al femenino (de hecho, en gallego lo sigue siendo -&lt;em&gt;a ponte&lt;/em&gt;-) y volvió al masculino en la época moderna.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calor&lt;/strong&gt;: En el mapa de diccionarios el género es masculino desde el inicio, pero en las ediciones de 1992 y 2001 se empieza a citar el género femenino, como consecuencia de su uso popular. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=calor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; se dice que en el español antiguo y medieval era femenino, y que en la lengua popular se sigue usando así, aunque en la lengua culta se prefiere el uso masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Análisis&lt;/strong&gt;: Según el mapa de diccionarios, femenino en 1780 y 1817. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ambiguo&lt;/a&gt; en 1884 y 1925. Masculino a partir de 1992. En el DPD se aclara que el femenino no es correcto, un guiño a su origen femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fin&lt;/strong&gt;: Género consistentemente masculino en el mapa de diccionarios, pero en el CORDE encontramos referencias más antiguas que lo usan en femenino, hasta el S. XVII. De hecho, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=fin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; aclara que en el español antiguo era femenino pero a día de hoy debe usarse en masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Las causas&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé a qué se debe este cambio en el género. Si os fijáis (¿quizás sea coincidencia?) son todo sustantivos que a día de hoy son masculinos. El vocablo original del latín en ocasiones era femenino (fin), y otras veces hay un doble cambio (puente, m→f→m).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.jyu.fi/~torremor/cursos/hist-lengua/hist-lengua/05213.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aproximación a la historia de la lengua española → Del latín al romance español (pasando por el latín vulgar)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explican sucintamente la evolución de los géneros de las palabras del latín al español, aunque creo que no es aplicable a los casos que menciono. Además, no le dan un nombre al fenómeno, sino que más bien se le considera una &lt;strong&gt;evolución natural del lenguaje&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se pueden pensar en otras causas como &lt;strong&gt;influencias de otras lenguas&lt;/strong&gt;, o como se dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2017/07/27/articulo/1501160416_181007.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, por &lt;strong&gt;analogía&lt;/strong&gt;: una palabra griega neutra terminada en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;, se pasó al masculino oficialmente, pero los hablantes acabarán pasándola al femenino por analogía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Nombre del fenómeno&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2017/07/27/articulo/1501160416_181007.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Masculinas, femeninas y viceversa: palabras con identidad transgénero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; citan otros ejemplos de palabras que cambian de género, algunos de ellos muy interesantes y curiosos, pero desafortunadamente para nosotros la autora no cita sus fuentes. En cambio, sí que da un nombre al fenómeno, bautizándolo como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;palabras transgénero&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-04-21T22:48:26.387" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T22:48:26.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23040" CreationDate="2017-11-01T22:25:30.550" Score="5" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/114076/como-programo-listar-una-grilla-con-un-datareader-sin-que-me-den-problemas-los&quot;&gt;esta pregunta de Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; se habla de &amp;quot;grilla&amp;quot;, la cual es una traducción que he visto en varias ocasiones para &lt;em&gt;grid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como programo listar una grilla con un datareader sin que me den problemas los eventsargs y los eventsargscells?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hizo recordar una discusión que escuché algún día. Lo que se decía es que &amp;quot;grilla&amp;quot; no es una traducción válida. A modo jocoso alguien decía: &lt;em&gt;grilla es la esposa del grillo&lt;/em&gt;. Y de hecho, en el DLE se encuentra una única acepción para grillo (ignorando las expresiones con esa palabra):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JXpqXOD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;grillo, lla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. grillus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Insecto ortóptero saltador, de unos tres centímetros de largo, color negro rojizo, con una mancha amarilla en el arranque de las alas, cabeza redonda y ojos muy prominentes, cuyo macho sacude y roza con tal fuerza los élitros, que produce un sonido agudo y monótono. U. en m. ref. a la especie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde recuerdo, la propuesta era usar &lt;strong&gt;rejilla&lt;/strong&gt;, en lugar de grilla, pero siento que no es muy usada esa palabra en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es grilla una traducción válida para &lt;em&gt;grid&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se entiende o usa en otras lugares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-02T18:53:21.473" Title="¿Existe una traducción aceptable para &quot;grid&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23041" CreationDate="2017-11-01T22:52:17.610" Score="5" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Far from perfect&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es una expresión para resaltar imperfecciones en algo sin especificar las mismas, se utiliza frecuentemente en contraste a una mención del trabajo realizado para obtener ese algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto esta expresión traducida como &quot;dista de ser perfecto&quot; y como &quot;está lejos de ser perfecto&quot;, pero estas traducciones me parecen demasiado literales y preferiría una expresión que se adapte mejor al uso en contraste a una mención del esfuerzo realizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18011" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T08:44:37.520" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T03:28:34.167" Title="Traducción alternativa para &quot;far from perfect&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23035" CreationDate="2017-11-01T22:53:24.297" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo de Argentina y trabajando a diario con programadores, puedo testimoniar que &lt;em&gt;grilla&lt;/em&gt; es la traducción habitual del inglés &lt;em&gt;grid&lt;/em&gt; (es, por ejemplo, como se llama al tipo de elemento visual que se utilizaba en Visual Basic a través del control MSFLXGRD.OCX). El DLE no recoge este significado, pero por supuesto no es el único caso en que una palabra realmente en uso no aparece en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Wikcionario sí aparece &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/grilla&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;grilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, aunque no refiriéndose a este tipo de elemento específicamente. Propio de Argentina es el significado de &quot;rejilla, esquema o cuadro de programación&quot; (en televisión); en las ciencias &lt;em&gt;grilla&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;cuadrícula, conjunto de los cuadrados que resultan de cortarse perpendicularmente dos series de rectas paralelas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que este último significado técnico autorizaría a referirse a una &lt;em&gt;grid&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;grilla&lt;/em&gt;, por extensión, pero también es cierto que en otros países de habla hispana &lt;em&gt;grilla&lt;/em&gt; tiene otros significados, en algunos casos peyorativos, por lo cual no sé cómo se oirá el término allí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T22:53:24.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23074" CreationDate="2017-11-02T01:00:15.037" Score="9" ViewCount="5716" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi país, Argentina, no se usa la palabra &quot;ahorita&quot;. En otros países como México veo que lo usan siempre o casi siempre, al punto que siempre pensé que era lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, leyendo algunas páginas en inglés vi personas que las interpretaban de manera ligeramente diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe entonces alguna diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ahorita&lt;/em&gt; o son exactamente lo mismo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T13:44:20.373" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T16:20:06.723" Title="¿Existe alguna diferencia entre &quot;ahora&quot; y &quot;ahorita&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23036" CreationDate="2017-11-02T07:36:29.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque la traducción sea literal, es la que mejor suena en español (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El caso de una Televisión estatal que vive exclusivamente de la publicidad sólo se produce en Europa en nuestro país. Aunque ello tiene ciertamente algunos inconvenientes y el sistema &lt;strong&gt;dista de ser perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;, tiene, sin embargo, indiscutibles ventajas, especialmente la de que el propietario de un receptor no paga ni un céntimo por el servicio: éste es absolutamente gratuito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jesús Aparicio Bernal, &quot;Noticias de televisión&quot;, 1966 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los actores cómicos varones no necesitaron parecerse a Adonis para cumplir los objetivos que se esperaban de ellos. Bob Hope siempre fue un tipo feo, Groucho &lt;strong&gt;distaba de ser perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;, Jerry Lewis se autotransformaba en un ser risible, Danny de Vito parece el tapón de una botella y Woody Allen no es ni de lejos un galán.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alicia Giménez Bartlett, &quot;La deuda de Eva. Del pecado de ser feas y el deber de ser hermosas&quot;, 2002 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu otra opción también se usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal cual es, sin embargo, aunque inferior con mucho a la Constitución de 1812, por más que esté &lt;strong&gt;lejos de ser perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;, el Estatuto Real no dejó por eso de tener la gloria de romper el largo silencio impuesto a la España por la violencia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio Pirala, &quot;Historia de la guerra civil y de los partidos liberal y carlista, I&quot;, 1868 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Además, Explorer está &lt;strong&gt;lejos de ser perfecto&lt;/strong&gt; por una razón: le falta un lector integrado de correo electrónico y grupo de noticias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Excélsior, 06/01/1997 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que veas que es una expresión usada en español desde hace más de medio siglo, aunque al parecer antes se usaba &quot;de la perfección&quot; en vez de &quot;de ser perfecto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mucho más agradable es á Dios el que piensa la gravedad de sus proprios pecados, y la poquedad de sus virtudes, y &lt;strong&gt;cuán lejos está de la perfeción&lt;/strong&gt; de los sanctos, que el que disputa cuál es el mayor ó menor sancto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Luis de Granada, &quot;Traducción de la Imitación de Cristo de Kempis&quot;, 1536 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T07:36:29.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23035" CreationDate="2017-11-02T07:58:04.523" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España no decimos &lt;em&gt;grilla&lt;/em&gt;, lo conocemos por compañeros de profesión hispanoamericanos pero los que no se dediquen a la informática o alguna profesión donde se utilice ese término seguramente no lo entiendan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que aparece en los ejemplos que has puesto lo llamaríamos &lt;strong&gt;tabla&lt;/strong&gt; sin lugar a dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DxpPB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DxpPB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A un &lt;em&gt;grid&lt;/em&gt; de este tipo lo denominamos &lt;strong&gt;cuadrícula&lt;/strong&gt; o quizá &lt;strong&gt;rejilla&lt;/strong&gt; también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4pBQP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4pBQP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando hablamos de &lt;em&gt;grid layout&lt;/em&gt; decimos &lt;strong&gt;rejilla&lt;/strong&gt;, incluso la nueva funcionalidad en las herramientas de desarrollador de Firefox lo llama así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pkl3i.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pkl3i.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2019-07-02T18:53:21.473" LastActivityDate="2019-07-02T18:53:21.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23036" CreationDate="2017-11-02T08:42:33.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que dices explícitamente que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; quieres usar la expresión estándar en español (que, como bien apunta Charlie, sería &quot;[distar/estar lejos] de ser perfecto&quot;), aún cuando esta tiene exactamente la misma estructura, significado y uso que la expresión en inglés... Lo más que te puedo ofrecer son sinónimos de &quot;imperfecto&quot;, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=mejorable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mejorable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que se puede mejorar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=perfectible&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perfectible&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Capaz de perfeccionarse o de ser perfeccionado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=incompleto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incompleto, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. No completo (|| acabado, perfecto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;His work is quite good. However, it is &lt;strong&gt;far from perfect&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su obra está muy bien. No obstante, es &lt;strong&gt;mejorable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su trabajo es muy bueno. Sin embargo, es &lt;strong&gt;perfectible&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su obra está bastante bien. Aún y así, es &lt;strong&gt;incompleta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T08:42:33.223" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23042" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23049" CreationDate="2017-11-02T09:22:24.743" Score="8" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver en una de estas imágenes que pone el Windows 10 de fondo un pájaro llamado &quot;monarca nuquinegro&quot;. Eso me llevó a pensar que las partes del cuerpo (y no sé si pasa con otros sustantivos) toman una &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; antes de ser compuestas con un adjetivo. Se me ocurre &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SAELsfA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;patizambo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo, aunque también existen &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S9K6tOa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;patiblanco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OEadUod&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;manirroto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qy1OmcA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ojijunto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, e incluso en términos inventados como &quot;ojiplático&quot; o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_cabecicubos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cabecicubo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la causa de esta &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; ante adjetivos? ¿De dónde viene? ¿Sucede con otros sustantivos que no denoten partes del cuerpo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que esta &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; es diferente de la que aparece en compuestos como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5fWwzCL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blanquinegro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, en los que la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; es la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; integrada en la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T18:08:35.527" Title="¿Por qué las partes del cuerpo toman una -i- antes de componerlas con un adjetivo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23024" CreationDate="2017-11-02T09:49:46.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;378&lt;/s&gt; 296&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;¿Osas tomar Villa Cielo con vida eterna, transmutación, y ya?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, fue Buda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el Gran Sabio: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;He más: 72 mutaciones, ser mozo 10 000 eones, botar 36 000 millas en una nube. ¿Por qué no el trono Celeste?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y Buda: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Juguemos. Si sales de mi diestra de un bote, no más guerra: el Rey Jade al oeste, y tu a Villa Cielo. Si no, volverás diablo a la Tierra, y fin del tema hasta que entrenes varios eones más.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T08:10:36.103" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-02T09:49:46.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23024" CreationDate="2017-11-02T10:27:10.107" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;435 372 318 294&lt;/strike&gt; 285 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—No mueres, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aSvQ4Qo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trasmutas&lt;/a&gt;, ¿con qué más tomarás el Palacio &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H3TkRvw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etéreo&lt;/a&gt;? —dijo el Buda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Tengo 72 trasmutaciones —dijo el Gran Sabio—, seré joven por mil eones, salto y vuelo 36000 millas, y más. Su trono ha de ser mío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Apostémoslo. Sé listo, salta fuera de mi mano derecha, y en paz lo tendrás: el Rey de Jade vendrá al Oeste. Si no, huye, orco, al mundo abajo, entrena más eones, y vuelve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I can do many tricks indeed&quot; se sustituye por el &quot;y más&quot; al final de la respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es necesario preservar la medida exacta de tiempo de 10000 &lt;em&gt;kalpas&lt;/em&gt;, sino solo dar la idea de un periodo de tiempo muy grande. Además, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hay cuatro tipos de &lt;em&gt;kalpa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y en el texto no se menciona cuál es, por lo cual el texto original queda también impreciso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Su trono&quot; es el del Palacio Celestial, mencionado previamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al decir que &quot;el Rey de Jade vendrá al Oeste&quot; se entiende la parte de que &quot;lo invitará&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explicación de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R9L2PwR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;orco&lt;/a&gt;&quot;: según su etimología proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;Orcus&lt;/em&gt; 'Plutón', 'ultratumba', 'muerte'. De ahí vino &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlEf7A4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huerco&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, de la cual es sinónima, y entre cuyos significados está &quot;diablo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no se introduce ningún personaje más, se entiende que la tercera frase la dice el mismo personaje que la primera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T08:14:26.900" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T08:14:26.900" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-02T10:27:10.107" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23042" CreationDate="2017-11-02T13:10:02.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existe una norma general. Se utiliza para formar un adjetivo compuesto de 3 palabras donde &quot;i&quot; representa la palabra &quot;y&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Pata&quot; y &quot;Corta&quot; = &quot;Paticorta&quot; ; &#xA;&quot;Ojo&quot; y &quot;junto&quot; = &quot;Ojijunto&quot; ; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes observar, fonéticamente, al unir estas palabras, algunas vocales son omitidas porque favorece la pronunciación de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18015" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T13:44:14.553" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T13:44:14.553" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23030" CreationDate="2017-11-02T13:42:22.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa, podría ser el término &lt;code&gt;misdirección&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Misdirection&lt;/em&gt; is a form of &lt;strong&gt;deception&lt;/strong&gt; in which the &lt;strong&gt;attention&lt;/strong&gt; of an audience is focused on one thing in order to &lt;strong&gt;distract&lt;/strong&gt; its attention from another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misdirection_(magic)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Misdirection (magic)&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. Énfasis mío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la magia (magia de salón, trucos con naipes, etc.) la &lt;em&gt;misdirection&lt;/em&gt; es por ejemplo cuando el mago te dice &amp;quot;no pierdas de vista esta carta&amp;quot;, tú te fijas concienzudamente en la carta y mientras diriges toda tu atención a esa carta el mago hace otra cosa en otro sitio. Mientras tu atención está centrada en el sitio al que él la ha dirigido, y por tanto efectivamente distraída de lo que a él realmente le conviene, el mago aprovecha para que su juego de manos pase desapercibido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, te dice &amp;quot;no pierdas de vista mi mano derecha&amp;quot; y mientras tú obedeces él realiza el juego de manos con la mano izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundillo de la magia se emplea con frecuencia el anglicismo &lt;code&gt;misdirection&lt;/code&gt;, pero hay quien emplea la españolización &lt;code&gt;misdicección&lt;/code&gt; y el término &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E0eav7y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diversión&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (en su tercera acepción &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Acción de distraer o desviar la atención y fuerzas del enemigo.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;), como se puede ver en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magiapotagia.com/showthread.php?t=3750&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este hilo del foro magiapotagia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conoceis algun buen libro sobre &lt;strong&gt;misdireccion&lt;/strong&gt; (sic)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me hagas mucho caso, pero en el libro de Ascanio puede que hable de &lt;em&gt;Misdirection&lt;/em&gt; ya que es todo teoria magica, que alguien confirme....(sic)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes razón ExtrEm0, en el primer tomo de Ascanio tiene un capitulo dedicado a la &lt;strong&gt;misdirección&lt;/strong&gt; . Yo estoy devorando ese libro estos días, y la verdad es que espectacular...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] En esta diversidad de obras encontrarás consideraciones sobe la &lt;strong&gt;misdirection&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;diversión&lt;/strong&gt;), el control de la atención, los puntos de interés, efecto tubo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este término no está recogido en el DRAE y por supuesto, &lt;strong&gt;implica intencionalidad&lt;/strong&gt;. Este término implica el control de la atención de la audiencia, por lo que decir que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una &lt;strong&gt;misdirección&lt;/strong&gt; en el operador ternario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;implica que alguien ha querido ocultarte algo a propósito. Aunque eso cuadra con algunas de las connotaciones de &lt;code&gt;red herring&lt;/code&gt; admito que no es la traducción que yo favorecería. No obstante, quería aprovechar para dar a conocer el término, que me parece interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T14:52:48.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23026" CreationDate="2017-11-02T14:33:02.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZxVCoJq#C9m55zd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a todo esto&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;a todas estas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. Mientras tanto, entre tanto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que se me hace rara esta definición, y más viendo tus ejemplos. Para mí significaría más &quot;a propósito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, la expresión parece entenderse bien en todas partes, aunque aquí en España usamos más la variante &quot;a todo esto&quot;. La expresión aparece recogida por primera vez en el DLE de 1925 (pensaba que sería más antigua). Ya entonces tenía la misma definición que hoy día, lo que me hace pensar que tal vez esté algo desfasada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casos en el CORDE se encuentran desde antiguo, eso sí, con el sentido que le da la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A todo esto mi camarada estava sin sentido; desnudámosle, y mientras llamado un cirujano para que le cobrase, le aplicava varios y precissos remedios [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, &quot;Varia fortuna del soldado Píndaro&quot;, 1626 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto así, sí parece que el uso que se le da en ejemplos como los que propones puedan ser incorrectos, pero supongo que es simplemente la evolución del lenguaje. Hace medio siglo era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A todo esto estava la infanta sobre su palafrén, con tanta alegría de ver muerto a Rolando que no lo podía creer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego Ortúñez de Calahorra, &quot;Espejo de príncipes y caballeros&quot;, 1555 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de la expresión podemos encontrarlo (aunque esto es una suposición) es una antigua fórmula que se usaba ya en el siglo XIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E yo Pedro Johan, porque ffuy pressente a todo esto de ssuso dicho, escriui este testamento e pus en el mio ssinal en testinoio (sic) de verdaat (sic).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Testamento&quot;, 1244 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta fórmula se usaba para expresar que alguien había sido testigo presencial de algo que había ocurrido (todo lo expresado en el texto previo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo Ferrand Péres, escriuano público de Arcos, fuy presente e a todo esto que sobredicho es so testigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo &quot;Documento de la toma de posesión de Sevilla de la villa de Arcos&quot;, 1338 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijaos ahora en la sutileza de la siguiente expresión, que queda a medio camino entre la fórmula citada y la expresión tal y como se entiende hoy sería esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y a todo esto el Caballero de las Azules Armas estuvo quedo porque bien sentía que su contrario había leído los secretos de su escudo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro Hernández de Villaumbrales, &quot;Peregrinación de la vida del hombre&quot;, 1552 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se podría entender tanto como &quot;a todo esto fue presente el Caballero, que se mantuvo quedo&quot; como &quot;y mientras sucedía todo esto el Caballero estuvo quedo&quot;. De ahí la expresión de &quot;a todo esto&quot; como &quot;mientras tanto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La variante de la expresión como &quot;a propósito&quot; ignoro cómo surgió, pero lleva ya medio siglo con nosotros al menos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A todo esto, voy a sentarme un poco, porque siento dolor en esta ingle izquierda [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso Sastre, &quot;M. S. V. (o La sangre y la ceniza)&quot;, 1965 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese también que en este último ejemplo la expresión podría sustituirse por &quot;mientras tanto&quot;, pero si la entendemos como &quot;a propósito&quot; o como &quot;por cierto&quot; tampoco queda mal. Esta ambigüedad a la hora de usar la expresión puede ser el origen de que poco a poco haya ido variando su significado, y haya dado lugar a ejemplos como los de la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A todo esto, ¿qué pasa con la poesía del silencio?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espéculo. Revista de estudios literarios, 06/2003, &quot;Poesía y posmodernidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posible explicación de la variación podría ser que el significado de &quot;mientras tanto&quot; no se refiera a &quot;mientras ocurrían los eventos descritos anteriormente&quot;, sino a &quot;mientras decía lo que acabo de decir, se me ha ocurrido esto otro&quot;, que sería lo que expresiones como &quot;a propósito&quot; o &quot;por cierto&quot; vienen a significar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T14:33:02.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23042" CreationDate="2017-11-02T14:37:56.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/DICE/article/view/DICE9797110307A/12889&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este interesante trabajo de investigación&lt;/a&gt; que he encontrado en Internet, el uso de esa &quot;i&quot; no está en absoluto limitado a partes del cuerpo y puede observarse en palabras compuestas de múltiples significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según dicen los autores, en los compuestos &lt;strong&gt;de origen latino&lt;/strong&gt; prevalece la desinencia &quot;i&quot;, mientras que en los de origen griego el enlace ocurre con &quot;o&quot;. Tenemos así pares como: av&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;cultura/ornit&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;logía, morb&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;fico/pat&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;geno, calor&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;metro/term&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;metro, pesc&lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt;voro/icti&lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt;fago, un&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;color/mon&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;cromo, vin&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;cultura/en&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;logía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al origen de esa &quot;i&quot;, dicen los autores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentado el principio de que los compuestos latinos se integran usualmente&#xA;  por la vocal temática &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; cabe preguntarse de dónde deriva dicho cambio interno.&#xA;  Aunque el campo parece poco estudiado, una filóloga de enjundia sugiere&#xA;  que deriva «posiblemente del genitivo latino». Desde el punto de vista&#xA;  morfosemántico, el genitivo latino tenía varias funciones que frecuentemente&#xA;  en las lenguas romances establecen el régimen con la preposición &quot;de&quot;, lo cual,&#xA;  bien mirado, tiene validez para los compuestos atributivos, ya que «ojinegro»&#xA;  designa al ser &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; ojos negros o negro &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T14:47:41.970" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T14:47:41.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1096" CreationDate="2017-11-02T15:17:39.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si sólo estás felicitando el nuevo año, como en &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Happy New Year!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, lo más habitual es decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Feliz Año Nuevo!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o simplemente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Feliz Año!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, al felicitar en la misma frase tanto la Navidad como el Año Nuevo, es cuando se dice &quot;&lt;strong&gt;¡Feliz Navidad y Próspero Año Nuevo!&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, en parte para desear prosperidad además de felicidad, pero más que nada porque decir &quot;feliz&quot; dos veces no queda tan bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esta última fórmula es más formal, y se parece un poco a la canción: &lt;em&gt;&quot;We wish you a &lt;strong&gt;Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. En realidad, &quot;¡Próspero Año Nuevo!&quot; por sí solo no se suele decir, es siempre como parte de esta fórmula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T15:17:39.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23053" CreationDate="2017-11-02T15:23:06.510" Score="4" ViewCount="1698" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si hace mucho viento se puede decir un día &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bZGodnd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ventoso&lt;/a&gt;. Si llueve se puede decir un día lluvioso. Ayer estaba tronando y no supe que adjetivo usar para describir el día. ¿Existe un adjetivo en español que describa un tiempo con bastantes truenos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T15:37:17.733" Title="¿Cómo se le dice a un día con truenos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23051" CreationDate="2017-11-02T15:34:46.453" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo más parecido que se me ocurre es &quot;tormentoso&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T15:34:46.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23051" CreationDate="2017-11-02T15:37:17.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te propongo algunas ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=amXADuC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tronador, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que truena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=anG55Vd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tronitoso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que hace ruido de truenos u otro semejante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a0Kgntv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tonante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que truena. U. especialmente referido al dios Júpiter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puedes usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5vkb7tP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;borrascoso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que causa borrascas. &lt;em&gt;Viento borrascoso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Propenso a las borrascas. &lt;em&gt;El cabo de Hornos es borrascoso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre todo dado que &quot;borrasca&quot; es una &quot;perturbación atmosférica caracterizada por fuertes vientos, abundantes precipitaciones y, a veces, fenómenos eléctricos&quot;. Por tanto se podría decir que un día &lt;em&gt;borrascoso&lt;/em&gt; incluye truenos. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasó tronando el borrascoso día.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María Heredia, &quot;Poesías&quot;, 1810-1837 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=amUOrNl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tronada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Tempestad de truenos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquel día será día de ira, día de calamidad y de miseria, día de tinieblas y escuridad, día de nieblas y tronada, día de trompeta y estruendo sobre las ciudades fuertes y sobre las altas esquinas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Justo Cuervo, &quot;Traducción del Compendio de Doctrina Cristiana&quot;, 1906 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T15:37:17.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23042" CreationDate="2017-11-02T16:18:39.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si entiendo bien la pregunta, aquí estamos hablando de una clase restringida de compuestos: los adjetivos formados por una fusión de sustantivo + adjetivo. En un libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CSpzAAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA140&amp;amp;lpg=PA140&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre compuestos en español&lt;/a&gt; encuentro un largo análisis de esta clase de compuestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien estos compuestos son casi todos de la forma N-&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;-Adj, algunos no tienen &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; intermedia, como &lt;em&gt;cabizbajo&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo todos pertenecen claramente a un mismo tipo, referido casi siempre a partes del cuerpo y con otras varias características semánticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos compuestos no son de origen latino, porque los adjetivos compuestos latinos no se formaban de esa manera sino con el orden adjetivo + sustantivo. Hay ejemplos similares, pero no idénticos, en italiano y catalán, pero no se trata de una derivación productiva (mientras que en español sí lo es). En catalán la forma preferida del sustantivo es la forma completa (&lt;em&gt;alallarg&lt;/em&gt; &quot;alilargo&quot;, &lt;em&gt;camacurt&lt;/em&gt; &quot;piernicorto&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según este análisis, lo que vemos en castellano es el radical del sustantivo sin desinencia, al cual se le añade por motivos de composición la &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt;, y luego el adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fines del siglo XIII aparecen en castellano formas con la raíz desnuda como &lt;em&gt;tiestherido&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;herido en la cabeza&quot;, figurativo por &quot;loco&quot;), con la raíz acortada como &lt;em&gt;racorto&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;ra &amp;lt; rabo&lt;/em&gt;), y con la raíz desnuda más una vocal intermedia, que puede ser &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;barbirrapado&lt;/em&gt;) o también &lt;em&gt;-e-&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cuellealuo&lt;/em&gt; &quot;de cuello albo, cuelliblanco&quot;). Entre el siglo XVI y el XVII aparecen muchos más adjetivos de este tipo y quedan descartadas las varias formas alternativas en favor de la moderna, con &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; intermedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T16:18:39.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23038" CreationDate="2017-11-02T17:18:54.680" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay diferencia, simplemente es un diminutivo. Pero expresa la misma necesidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18016" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T17:18:54.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23038" CreationDate="2017-11-02T21:14:55.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Cuba &quot;ahorita&quot; se refiere a un momento en el pasado o en el futuro muy cercano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahorita voy para el trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llegué ahorita.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17757" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T21:14:55.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23058" CreationDate="2017-11-03T01:58:29.473" Score="0" ViewCount="481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que podría ser que significa &quot;caca&quot; porque la palabra suena como &quot;Dung&quot; pero no corresponde a ningún definición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CBYWJWJ%7CCBZ484R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del RAE&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T09:43:26.650" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T09:43:26.650" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;Dengue&quot; en &quot;Raid: Mata al mosquito del Dengue&quot;?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23057" CreationDate="2017-11-03T02:34:28.480" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda hace referencia al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dengue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, una enfermedad cuyo vector es una de las especies de mosquito (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aedes aegypti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).  Nota que el nombre común de ese mosquito es el mosquito &lt;em&gt;de la fiebre amarilla&lt;/em&gt;, el cual indica su estatus como portador principal de aquella enfermedad, pero también lo es para el dengue.  En Méjico, la fiebra amarilla ya se desconoce hoy, pero el dengue está presente en muchas partes, con lo cual hace más sentido darle a &lt;em&gt;Aedes aegypti&lt;/em&gt; el nombre común de &lt;em&gt;mosquito del dengue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T02:34:28.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23036" CreationDate="2017-11-03T07:16:13.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de las excelentes respuestas ya indicadas, me gustaría añadir una expresión que me parece bastante idiomática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni mucho menos perfecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, tomando un ejemplo ya utilizado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su trabajo es muy bueno. Sin embargo, no es ni mucho menos perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T07:16:13.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23042" CreationDate="2017-11-03T08:19:10.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que nadie la ha citado aún, quiero comentar que este tipo de construcciones se trata ampliamente en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QeRtDHlzpjSdVvlJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en los párrafos 11.7h y siguientes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La pauta N-&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;-A es la más productiva del español entre todas las que dan lugar a compuestos adjetivales de sustantivo y adjetivo. A ella pertenecen &lt;em&gt;barbilampiño&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bracicorto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;narilargo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ojizarco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pernilargo&lt;/em&gt; y otros muchos adjetivos que se predican mayoritariamente de las personas y los animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; concuerda &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23049/12637&quot;&gt;con Gustavson&lt;/a&gt; en cuanto al origen latino de la construcción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este esquema se remota al latín (&lt;em&gt;barbirāsus&lt;/em&gt;), donde alternaba con la pauta que presentaba el sustantivo en segunda posición: &lt;em&gt;aureispīnus&lt;/em&gt; ('de espina dorada'), longimănus ('de mano larga'), &lt;em&gt;versipellis&lt;/em&gt; ('que muda de piel'). La pauta A-i-N se ha conservado en español en &lt;em&gt;curvilíneo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;rectilíneo&lt;/em&gt;. La vocal &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; de estos compuestos procedía de un genitivo latino, pero ya en latín se propagó de los sustantivos que la contenían (&lt;em&gt;agrilĕgus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;coeligĕnus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;florĭfer&lt;/em&gt;) a otros en los que no estaba presente, pero que la aceptaron como vocal de enlace, como &lt;em&gt;aquilĭfer&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;aquĭla, -ae&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;fructĭfer&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fructus, -us&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;fluctĭger&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fluctisŏnus&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fluctivăgus&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;fluctus, -us&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;herbĭfer&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;herba, -ae&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;em&gt;terrĭgena&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;terra, -ae&lt;/em&gt;), y otros muchos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su uso actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se han observado algunas restricciones en lo relativo al tipo de sustantivo con el que se forman estos compuestos. Constituyen el grupo más numeroso los que se refieren a partes del cuerpo de las personas y de los animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no se limita a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nombre se refiere a una prenda de vestir, en lugar de a una parte del cuerpo, en &lt;em&gt;faldicorta&lt;/em&gt; ('corta de faldas') o &lt;em&gt;capipardo&lt;/em&gt; ('de capa parda' y, por extensión, 'del pueblo bajo'). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También existen restricciones que afectan a los adjetivos con los que se forman los compuestos N-&lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;-A. Muchos de ellos designan colores (&lt;em&gt;albo, blanco, negro, rojo, rubio, zarco&lt;/em&gt;); otros expresan propiedades físicas, normalmente referidas al tamaño o la forma de lo que se caracteriza: &lt;em&gt;alto, ancho, bajo, corto, gordo, espeso, largo, redondo&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;barbiespeso, cabeciancho, cañihueco, carirredondo&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ojimoreno&lt;/em&gt;. En general, son mucho más numerosos en esta pauta los adjetivos que expresan carencias o defectos (&lt;em&gt;cojo, hueco, ralo, tuerto, zambo&lt;/em&gt;) que los que destacan algún aspecto positivo (&lt;em&gt;alegre, lindo, tierno&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo además puede ser un participio, como en &lt;em&gt;barbiteñido, boquiabierto, carilavado, cuellierguido, labihendido, manirroto&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T12:31:47.480" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T12:31:47.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T08:54:04.827" Score="3" ViewCount="841" Body="&lt;p&gt;De entre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4242/12637&quot;&gt;larga lista de insultos blandos&lt;/a&gt; que existen en español, ayer vi uno en una camiseta dedicada a &lt;em&gt;Mortadelo y Filemón&lt;/em&gt;, y que era un clásico en estos tebeos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5P5nb3C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;berzotas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;berzas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona ignorante o necia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los orígenes de algunos insultos son más fáciles de entender que los de otros, pero este me llamó la atención. Su primera inclusión en un diccionario fue en el &lt;em&gt;Domínguez suplemento&lt;/em&gt; de 1853. Pero ¿cómo llegó una &quot;berza grande&quot; (o varias) a constituir un insulto? ¿Cuál y cuándo fue su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T08:32:12.450" Title="¿Cómo llegó &quot;berzotas&quot; a ser un insulto?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23106" CreationDate="2017-11-03T10:18:23.973" Score="7" ViewCount="23783" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40856961#40856961&quot;&gt;Me encontré&lt;/a&gt; hace poco con esta imagen subida por alguien con raíces mexicanas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PIv9U.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PIv9Um.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La neta, aquí son bien chidos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando el DAMER veo que &quot;chido&quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chido, -a.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. Mx. Bonito, lindo. pop. (shido).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Mx. Muy bueno. pop. (shido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;neta&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=neta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neta.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  f. Mx, Gu, ES; Ec, Ch, juv. Verdad, pureza. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  ES. Conclusión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ■&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    la ~ del planeta. f. Mx. La verdad indubitable, clara y sin tergiversación. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  □&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    la ~. loc. sust. Mx. Persona que posee los mejores atributos morales y que se considera un amigo leal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;neto, -a.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. Mx. Referido a persona, que habla con toda sinceridad. pop + cult → espon ^ fest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando de las entradas propias de México, parece que vendría a ser algo así como si en España dijéramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad es que son la mar de majos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, más en general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad es que son buena gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, dos coloquialismos en seis palabras es mucha densidad y puede que me esté perdiendo algo. ¿Qué querría decir pues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T20:08:43.747" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T13:19:29.680" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;La neta, aquí son bien chidos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;el-salvador&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23065" CreationDate="2017-11-03T10:58:56.200" Score="6" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo un primo que se dedica de forma profesional al esquí, y ahora es el entrenador del equipo femenino olímpico de esquí alpino canadiense. Como podéis imaginar, recorre el mundo de competición en competición y también buscando lugares donde entrenarse, y cada cierto tiempo nos envía fotos de los sitios donde está, generando envidias (sanas) en la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la pregunta que se me ocurre es: ¿qué palabra se usaría para designar a una persona que es propensa a generar envidias en los demás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurría &lt;em&gt;envidiable&lt;/em&gt;, pero según el diccionario, su significado es &quot;digno de ser deseado y apetecido&quot;. Entiendo pues que yo usaría la palabra &lt;em&gt;envidiable&lt;/em&gt; para describir la situación o el lugar en el que se encuentra esa persona, pero no a la persona en sí. Busco una palabra del tipo de &lt;em&gt;agresiva&lt;/em&gt; (que indica que una persona es propensa a la violencia, aunque no siempre sea violenta): una persona que por el motivo que sea es propensa a despertar envidias (pero no hacia sí misma). Y si es posible, que no sean insultos: &quot;qué &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt; el tío este, mira dónde está ahora&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T12:05:19.057" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T17:07:53.540" Title="¿Cómo llamaríais a una persona que suele ser origen de envidias?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23064" CreationDate="2017-11-03T13:03:52.900" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es un poco una respuesta a medias, pero yo usaría su vida como sujeto de la envidia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan tiene una vida envidiable, está siempre viajando y conociendo gente interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T13:03:52.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22848" CreationDate="2017-11-03T14:14:44.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realmente en Cuba es muy raro que se use tío para referirse a otra persona. Creo que la palabra que más se acerca es &quot;asere&quot;. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venga tío dime la respuesta (España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale asere dime la respuesta (Cuba)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17757" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:14:44.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23064" CreationDate="2017-11-03T14:18:46.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría, además de las otras respuestas, &quot;tentador&quot; o &quot;provocador&quot; (en el buen sentido, como cuando te ofrecen una bandeja de postres o algo así). Parece que el adjetivo &quot;envidiable&quot; tiene que ver más con &quot;incitador&quot; (que es lo que da esa pequeña &quot;rabia&quot;) que con &quot;deseable&quot; (que es más sano jaja)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:18:46.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T15:14:06.417" Score="4" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this sentence in Jorge Luis Borges' book &quot;El Aleph&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La fiebre y la magia consumieron a muchos hombres que codiciaban &lt;strong&gt;magnánimos&lt;/strong&gt; el acero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me 'magnánimos' is being used as an adverb. Is this proper? Or is this some Argentine quirk? Shouldn't it be 'magnánimamente'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18025" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T15:20:50.073" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T15:20:50.073" Title="Can 'magnánimo' be used as an adverb?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-03T15:45:01.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23063" CreationDate="2017-11-03T15:26:27.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy mexicano pero he escuchado bastante las expresiones que se mencionan en la pregunta. El sentido que le das a la frase me parece el correcto. Imagino que la expresión que propones de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad es que son la mar de majos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tiene un matiz más cercano a la frase de la pregunta que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad es que son buena gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última suena un poco más plana. Lo que quiero decir es que tanto &quot;majo&quot; y &quot;chido&quot; dan la sensasión de algo más que simplemente &quot;ser buena gente&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bono: en Colombia una opción sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdad, la gente acá es bien chévere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T21:11:30.650" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T21:11:30.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23002" CreationDate="2017-11-03T17:03:11.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otras posibilidades incluidas en el DRAE serían &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ln53CtO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Instigar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inducir a alguien a una acción, generalmente considerada como negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LRVtrWa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inducir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mover a alguien a algo o darle motivo para ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(del DRAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T17:17:47.407" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T17:17:47.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T23:03:38.133" Score="3" ViewCount="2927" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dificultad distinguiendo &lt;em&gt;cuándo un gerundio actúa como adverbio o verbo&lt;/em&gt;.  Por ejemplo en la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pablo &lt;strong&gt;está durmiendo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo según el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGwbTCNFgzWxywZt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;28.12c&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE que esto constituye una perífrasis verbal. Por lo tanto &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;asumo que durmiendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es el verbo auxiliar y por ende el gerundio &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está actuando como verbo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (¿o me equivoco?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces en la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;divierto cantando&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asumo que cantando esta actuando como adverbio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; describiendo lo que le parece &quot;divertido&quot; (¿o estoy equivocado?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede confirmar si estoy correcto o equivocado? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aún más importante es si pudieran ayudarme a entender cuándo el gerundio actúa como verbo y cuándo como adverbio para que pueda distinguir entre cada caso. (Me siento bastante perdido.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De antemano, ¡gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T21:25:23.230" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T03:59:04.713" Title="¿Cómo puedo distinguir si un gerundio actúa como verbo o adverbio?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-04T00:02:54.167" Score="1" ViewCount="2744" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según entiendo, el participio pasado puede actuar como adjetivo, o como verbo, como parte de una perifrasis verbal. De hecho es muy común encontrarla con el verbo &quot;haber&quot;.  Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él &lt;strong&gt;ha subido&lt;/strong&gt; la montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos &lt;strong&gt;han caminado&lt;/strong&gt; mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se &lt;strong&gt;ha reído&lt;/strong&gt; mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;he estudiado&lt;/strong&gt; bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según mi apreciación en todos estos casos el participio pasado &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; presenta ningún efecto como adjetivo, y se limita a formar una perifrasis verbal donde sirve como verbo principal, y &quot;haber&quot; sirve como verbo auxiliar (vease &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=haber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; inciso &lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;verbo auxiliar&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo correcto?  ¿Siempre ocurre lo mismo al combinar &quot;haber&quot;+&quot;participio&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-12-05T13:08:50.073" LastActivityDate="2019-12-05T13:08:50.073" Title="¿&quot;Haber + participio&quot; actúa exclusivamente como verbo?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;&lt;verbos-auxiliares&gt;&lt;haber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23064" CreationDate="2017-11-04T02:01:42.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te ofrezco varias opciones, para el caso de la persona inspira envidia sin andar buscándola (que entendí que es el caso de tu primo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lleva una vida encantada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  Mi primo de la vida encantada etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de la jet set&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sarcastico) Mi primo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;que tiene la vida perfecta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; etc.  O: Mi primo, él de la vida perfecta, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versión súper respetuosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi primo &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;admirable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T02:01:42.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23038" CreationDate="2017-11-04T03:19:46.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con Javier, para el contexto mexicano.  Voy a poner algunos ejemplos de uso, para distinguir entre &lt;em&gt;ahorita&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vamos a presenciar una obra de teatro en un espacio un tanto informal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Ven a tomar tu asiento, Manuela, que ya va a empezar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Sí, ahorita voy. (Está platicando [charlando] con una amiga, y quiere llegar al fin de la historia.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahorita voy&amp;quot; es menos inmediato que &amp;quot;Ya voy&amp;quot;.  &amp;quot;Ahorita voy&amp;quot; es aproximadamente igual que &amp;quot;Voy en un momento&amp;quot;, pero &amp;quot;Ahorita voy&amp;quot; está diseñado para tranquilizar a la otra persona, mientras que &amp;quot;Voy en un momento&amp;quot; es un poco más neutro de emociones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahora&amp;quot; se oiría más formal en un context así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ahorita voy&amp;quot; puede comunicar varias emociones: &lt;em&gt;No me fastidies&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;No te preocupes, Se paciente, por favor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cómo es en otros países, pero &amp;quot;ahorita voy&amp;quot; se usa mucho en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anunciaron &amp;quot;Tercera llamada&amp;quot;, y Manuela vino a sentarse, pero luego descubrieron problemas técnicos y la obra no ha comenzado todavía.  Diez minutos más tarde, se ve un movimiento en la escena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Ahora sí ya van a empezar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi hijo se comprometió a acompañarme al súpermercado.  Veo que está haciendo la tarea de matemáticas, pero yo ya quiero salir.  Le pregunto:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--José Luis, ¿podemos irnos ahora?  [&amp;quot;¿Podemos irnos ya?&amp;quot; se oiría un poco impaciente.]  Si no, ya sabes, va a haber muchímisa gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--No, sí, ahoritita vamos.  Nomás me falta un problema más.  Me permites, dos minutos, y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T11:57:18.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23036" CreationDate="2017-11-04T03:28:34.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para traducir esta frase, de veras se necesita el contexto, porque esta frase se puede usar con varios matices en inglés.  Voy a considerar un contexto posible pero quién sabe si es el que tú querías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un uso de esta frase podemos ver en la letra de la canción Rise Against - Far From Perfect (Wolves).  Aquí quiere decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reconocemos que no somos perfectos / Reconozco que no soy perfecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nadie es perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una especie de modismo.  Literalmente la frase significa otra cosa.  Pero tal y como se usa, muchas veces viene siendo &quot;Nadie es perfecto; ni modo; ¿ahora qué?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T03:28:34.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2017-11-04T03:45:46.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si estoy hablando con un niño, voy a expresar esta idea así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;un regalito&lt;/strong&gt; para tí. / Te compré un regalito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;algo especial&lt;/strong&gt; para tí. / Hice algo especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dos funcionan para el ejemplo del perro también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero tu frase &quot;This type of sausage, &lt;em&gt;chorizo&lt;/em&gt;, is a special treat for our family&quot; sería un poco diferente.  Sorry, I just looked back and realized the question was written in English so forgive me if I switch gears at this point.  Anyway, in the context you described, we could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chorizo es un &lt;strong&gt;plato especial&lt;/strong&gt; en mi casa, reservado para ocasiones especiales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, if you want to clarify that the &lt;em&gt;regalito&lt;/em&gt; is something edible, especially something sweet, you could add &lt;em&gt;es muy rico&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo un regalito para tí en el coche.  Ven a ver.  Es algo muy rico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I don't know if &lt;em&gt;rico&lt;/em&gt; is a Mexicanism.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T03:45:46.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23072" CreationDate="2017-11-04T13:53:30.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, el participio en este caso es simplemente parte de la construcción perifrástica y no funciona como adjetivo. Una forma sencilla de advertir la diferencia es que el participio, en esta construcción, es invariable: aparece siempre en la forma que (en un adjetivo) llamaríamos masculina del singular (terminada en &lt;em&gt;-ado, -ido&lt;/em&gt; si es regular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El participio aparece con género y número variables en la construcción perifrástica de la voz pasiva. (&lt;em&gt;La montaña fue escalad&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;Las montañas fueron escalad&lt;strong&gt;as&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;Los montes fueron escalad&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;) También es variable en ciertas construcciones que usan &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;, como por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Ya tengo hecha mi tarea de toda la semana&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Llevo perdidos tres días con esto.&lt;/em&gt; Estas construcciones son semánticamente cercanas a la del tiempo verbal compuesto con &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, pero no idénticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; como auxiliar data del latín tardío; antes el verbo significaba &quot;tener&quot;, pero después comenzó a reducirse y a incorporarse a otras construcciones, como ésta que mencionamos, la del futuro simple y la del condicional. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaración: En los ejemplos sobre la montaña, el participio funciona como un adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-01T18:20:13.073" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T18:20:13.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23071" CreationDate="2017-11-04T14:46:13.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice la NGLE (27.1d) que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras que el infinitivo puede ser nominal o verbal, en ambos casos de modo productivo, el gerundio se suele construir como verbo, aunque esporádicamente se lexicalice como adjetivo, adverbio o locución adverbial (…). En cuanto forma verbal, el gerundio admite sujetos, sean expresos (…) o tácitos (…). Admite también el gerundio los demás complementos que corresponden al verbo, sean directos (&lt;em&gt;leyéndolo&lt;/em&gt;), indirectos (&lt;em&gt;hablándole de ese modo&lt;/em&gt;), de régimen (&lt;em&gt;refiriéndose a su trabajo&lt;/em&gt;), circunstanciales (&lt;em&gt;trabajando en la oficina&lt;/em&gt;) o atributos (&lt;em&gt;permaneciendo alerta&lt;/em&gt;), entre otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con base en esta aclaración, se puede testear si el gerundio tiene una función verbal o adverbial. En el primero ya vemos que forma parte de una perífrasis. Esa perífrasis es inseparable, ya que &lt;em&gt;Pablo está&lt;/em&gt; significa algo muy diferente a &lt;em&gt;Pablo está durmiendo&lt;/em&gt;. Tan diferentes son semánticamente que es fácil imaginarse una conversación donde se contrasta una con la otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Hola, ¿está Pablo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Sí, Pablo está, pero está durmiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al segundo ejemplo se puede ver que el gerundio es verbal agregándole complementos verbales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me divierto cantando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me divierto cantando canciones.&lt;/em&gt; (objeto directo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me divierto cantándoles canciones a mis hijos.&lt;/em&gt; (objeto indirecto)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me divierto cantándoles canciones a mis hijos en el jardín.&lt;/em&gt; (complemento de lugar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;… y así hasta el infinito. Estos añadidos demuestran que el gerundio cumple función verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al gerundio como adverbio o frase adverbial, la NGLE (27.2) dice que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El gerundio puede adquirir, como se ha explicado, las funciones&#xA;  gramaticales que corresponden al adverbio, pero son muy limitados los&#xA;  contextos en los que acepta otros comportamientos característicos de&#xA;  esta clase de palabras. Destaca entre todos ellos el adverbio de grado&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt;, que en la lengua literaria aparece como modificador de un número reducido de gerundios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación la NGLE da ejemplos del tipo de &lt;em&gt;tan callando&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tan temblando de miedo&lt;/em&gt;, etc., que hoy en día son más bien literarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se citan (y esto sí es interesante) gerundios lexicalizados en adverbios como &lt;em&gt;pitando&lt;/em&gt;, con el significado de &quot;deprisa, precipitadamente&quot; (la construcción típica es &lt;em&gt;salir pitando&lt;/em&gt;; en la región rioplatense se usan &lt;em&gt;rajando&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;carpiendo&lt;/em&gt; con el mismo sentido, en frases como &lt;em&gt;me sacaron carpiendo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;me expulsaron a las apuradas&quot;). Se usa también como adverbio el gerundio &lt;em&gt;volando&lt;/em&gt; con verbos de movimiento (&lt;em&gt;el tiempo se me fue volando&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir: el gerundio con función adverbial existe, pero es bastante raro, y no es productivo sino lexicalizado (hay que considerarlo como una palabra con un significado particular, no como una forma más del verbo del cual deriva).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T22:00:17.337" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T22:00:17.337" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19027" CreationDate="2017-11-04T15:28:23.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am from Mexico. In here, 'bistec de res' means that the meat comes from a cow. 'Res' means cow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have bistec of pork, and so we use it to distinguish what kind of animal the meat comes from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18029" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-04T18:51:03.840" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T18:51:03.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23081" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23084" CreationDate="2017-11-04T20:27:08.817" Score="8" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día, tenemos en español las siguientes palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CGv2o6x&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;derecha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: del latín &lt;em&gt;directus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MFY7k4v&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;izquierda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: del vasco &lt;em&gt;ezkerra&lt;/em&gt; 'izquierda'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llama la atención que &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; se haya tomado del vasco, un idioma con muchos menos hablantes que el latín, del cual proviene &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XyrEzmC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;siniestra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que también se recoge pero es mucho menos usada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la acepción de la mano &quot;siniestra&quot; como &quot;la mano del demonio&quot;, que se promulgaba por parte de la Iglesia hasta no hace mucho tuvo algo que ver, y puede que también eso haya tenido que ver con las otras acepciones que tiene hoy en día la palabra &lt;em&gt;siniestro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, quería preguntar si realmente la Iglesia tuvo algo que ver con la, digamos, degradación de la palabra &lt;em&gt;siniestro, tra&lt;/em&gt;. Y como pregunta principal: ¿cuándo se introdujo la palabra &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; en nuestro idioma? ¿Hacia qué siglo había suplantado ya a &lt;em&gt;siniestra&lt;/em&gt; como palabra predominante? ¿Se sabe por qué se escogió una palabra del vasco para tal fin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T21:42:22.990" Title="¿Cuándo se estableció &quot;izquierda&quot; como sustituto de &quot;siniestra&quot; en el español?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23018" CreationDate="2017-11-04T20:53:15.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hablamos en estos ejemplos de la segunda persona singular del pretérito simple. La conjugación regular de los verbos de las clases &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; en esta forma es en &lt;em&gt;-iste&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;perder&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;perdiste&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivir&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;viviste&lt;/em&gt;. En los verbos en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; la forma correspondiente es &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt;. Estas dos terminaciones provienen regularmente del latín tardío (&lt;em&gt;-āstī&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-īstī&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que ocurre en el fragmento citado del &lt;em&gt;Mío Cid&lt;/em&gt; es que aparece una forma alternativa terminada en &lt;em&gt;-este&lt;/em&gt; que existió en competencia con la otra forma durante un cierto tiempo. Dice Paul Lloyd en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books/about/Del_lat%C3%ADn_al_espa%C3%B1ol_Fonolog%C3%ADa_y_morf.html?id=WXwdAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Del latín al español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tendencia a modelar una forma sobre otra dentro del mismo paradigma&#xA;  aparece con especial claridad en el pretérito. Así, comprobamos que la&#xA;  influencia de la forma 1 sobre la 2 (es decir, las formas básicas del&#xA;  diálogo) es muy fuerte. En la conjugación &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, la forma 2 adoptó la&#xA;  /-é/ tónica de la forma 1, y pasó a ser &lt;em&gt;-este&lt;/em&gt;. En los textos&#xA;  medievales, esta forma aparece frecuentemente en competencia con la&#xA;  originaria &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt;. En leonés, aparece esta misma vocal en las formas&#xA;  4 y 5 (&lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-esteis&lt;/em&gt;), y &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; aparece todavía en el español&#xA;  popular de Castilla…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lloyd llama forma 1, 2, etc. a las tradicionales filas de la tabla de conjugación verbal, de manera que &quot;forma 1&quot; es la primera persona del singular, &quot;forma 2&quot; es la segunda del singular (la que nos interesa), &quot;forma 4&quot; es la primera del plural, etc. Lo que dice es que la vocal &lt;em&gt;-é&lt;/em&gt; de la primera persona del singular influyó por analogía en la terminación de la segunda del singular, cambiando &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;-este&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;yo saqué&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;tú saqueste&lt;/em&gt;) Esta influencia puede haber sido acentuada por el hecho de que se trata de las &quot;formas básicas del diálogo&quot; (o sea, el hablante y el oyente). En la historia de la formación de los verbos castellanos hay muchas de estas influencias analógicas fonéticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me queda claro cuándo desapareció del todo esta forma, pero &lt;em&gt;saqueste&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo, aparece en documentos del CORDE hasta 1476. En el &lt;em&gt;Libro de buen amor&lt;/em&gt; del Arcipreste de Hita (1330-1346) hay una estrofa repleta de ejemplos (rimados, como para que no quede duda alguna):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señor, a los tres niños de muerte los libreste,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  del forno del gran fuego sin lisïón saqueste:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de las ondas del mar a sant Pedro tomeste:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Señor, de aquesta coita saca al tu Açipreste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Gramática de 1771, aunque se hacen notar algunas conjugaciones arcaicas ya en desuso, no hay mención de esta conjugación alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T20:53:15.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23081" CreationDate="2017-11-04T21:42:22.990" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las sociedades primitivas es muy habitual que las palabras que se refieren a ciertas cosas malas, una vez que sus connotaciones se hacen muy claras, sean reemplazadas por otras. Las palabras originales cambian de significado, en sentido peyorativo, o bien no se las pronuncia más (se vuelven tabú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lado izquierdo está asociado desde tiempos inmemoriales con lo incorrecto, lo malo, lo diabólico, etc., y por lo tanto las palabras que refieren a este lado son candidatas seguras al cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muestra de esto es que las palabras para &quot;izquierda&quot; en muchas lenguas cercanamente emparentadas tengan formas y orígenes totalmente diferentes. El castellano tomó &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt; del vasco (por qué es imposible saberlo hoy, pero en todo caso estaba disponible y no se parecía fonéticamente a la palabra temida); el francés formó &lt;em&gt;gauche&lt;/em&gt; a partir de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gauchir#French&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gauchir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con el significado de &quot;torcer, doblar, esquivar, actuar engañosamente&quot;; el inglés reemplazó el término &lt;em&gt;winstre&lt;/em&gt; (a su vez muy posiblemente producto de un tabú anterior) por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/left&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;left&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, del inglés antiguo *&lt;em&gt;lyft&lt;/em&gt; &quot;débil, flojo, tonto&quot;; en alemán tenemos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dwds.de/wb/links#et-1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que puede provenir de una raíz indoeuropea que denota &quot;flojo, cojo, tullido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según un comentario que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.delcastellano.com/etimologia-siniestro-izquierda/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;leo en un blog&lt;/a&gt;, aunque sin una fuente, en tiempos del &lt;em&gt;Mío Cid&lt;/em&gt; ya podría verse &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt;, pero todavía se la consideraría un barbarismo, prefiriéndose la palabra romance original &lt;em&gt;siniestra&lt;/em&gt;. En el CORDE aparece &lt;em&gt;esquierdo&lt;/em&gt; en un texto anónimo de mediados del siglo XIII, &lt;em&gt;esquierda&lt;/em&gt; en Abraham de Toledo (1250), y ya con la ortografía actual hay un puñado de registros &lt;em&gt;c.&lt;/em&gt; 1300.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T21:42:22.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2725" CreationDate="2017-11-05T02:43:22.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si Luisa no estaba corriendo...no puedo decir que corría en esa fecha.. Ella sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si yo afirmara que Luisa Corría.. ella podría decir que, en efecto estaba corriendo cómo yo no digo que viera....y ella quiere que imagine... o solo diga que  ella sí corría.....y que el que no la vio fui yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni la ví, ni me vió y solo ella estuvo corriendo mientras yo no corría porque estaba viendo quién veía... lo que estaban diciendo los que anunciaban... un espectáculo...a las 7: 15... Y no fui, por no correr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NO VI NADA MIENTRAS CORRÍA.. se contradice. Porque corría es una descripción imperfecta que no data... aunque lo intenta... Mientras que estaba corriendo es una forma perifrÁstica y la perÍfrasis explica cómo, cuándo y dónde.. SI UTILIZAS UN PRETÉRITO INDEFINIDO SIN FECHA O CIRCUNSTANCIA TEMPORAL ( LOS GERUNDIOS PUEDEN SERLO, complementos circunstanciales) NO HAS CONSTRUIDO UNA ORACIÓN ... NI UN ENunciado...AUNQUE HAYAS DICHO UNA FRASE SIN SENTIDO COMPLETO, NO ORACIONAL.no gramatical, sin sintáctica, ni lógica... por mas que sea expresión de un momento oral..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante, esa duda, sí... si te interesa seguir colaborando, please...Aquí hay modo que describe la manera (y no en todas las entradas) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo ya habrás observado, en una semiótica descriptiva se pueden combinar formas orales con las verbales.... PERO SOLO LA DRAMÁTICA PERMITE expresar la subjetividad ajena, de modo oral, sin mentir en manera. (PUEDE IR EN MANERA ESCRITA EL MODO ORAL REFLEJADO)  ..¿DUDAS POR EL ORDEN?? ...¿pUEDE LA MATERIA SIN MATEMÁTICA NI CONCEPTO TENER FORMA? ¿tIENE EL CAOS FORMA?.... eL CONCEPTO Y EL MODO ESTÁ MAS CERCANO, EN ÓRDEN TEMPORAL A LA MATEMÁTICA DE LA MATERIA, QUE LO ORAL MANERA..... UN CAOS LINDO QUE REFLEJA LA MANERA EN LA QUE VEMOS EL CÓMO QUE O NO TIENE CONCEPTO...O NO HA SIDO PERCIBIDO COMO TAL. ¿No lo es por ello?.. Manera tiene...¿el concepto?... LUEGO LA MANERA ES EL AUXILIAR...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y VOLVEMOS A LA ETERNA PREGUNTA DE SI LO QUE DETERMINA LA VIDA ES LA CAUSA ÚLTIMA O LA PRIMERA.... SIN QUE TENGA QUE SER ALGO CIRCULAR LA LÓGICA QUE MUEVE LOS HECHOS Y LOS ENUNCIADOS QUE LOS EXPLICAN... O DESCRIBEN... (LA DESCRIPCIÓN ES IMPERFECTA, ABIERTA, NO FINITA, MUY SUGERENTE. NO NECESITA DE AUXILIAR, AUNQUE PUEDE CON ELLO CONVERTIRSE EN ALGO MAS ALLÁ DE LA PERFECCIÓN (en el pluscuamperfecto) ....dicen los lingüistas...que, sin discriminar, distinguen entre lo oral y lo verbal.... en verdad que a fuerza de expresiones y sin verbalizaciones... no te entiende... ni el espejo..que refleja mucho tu cómo...a su manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18031" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-05T12:27:33.400" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T12:27:33.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12122" CreationDate="2017-11-05T03:02:10.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las formas imperfectas son descriptivas, complementan la acción pero no datan.&lt;/strong&gt; Sería correcto decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apenas había terminado se fué...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;porque expresa la descripción subjetiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es correcto : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto hubo terminado se fue... (Explica cuándo se fue) . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si decimos terminó y se fue enseguida... asertamos que ocurrió y en qué espacio de tiempo, luego también cumplimos la ley sintáctica que exige que las formas indefinidas vayan datadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando había terminado de hablar se fue... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es incorrecto desde el punto de vista temporal porque los imperfectos no están acabados... y para explicar que se marchó callado pero sin terminar de explicarse, tendría que recurrir, como he dicho antes, a descripciones no a dataciones que el imperfecto/pluscuamperfecto no necesita porque tienen que acompañar al indefinido/anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pretérito anterior. Al ser una forma perfecta anterior a la simple que necesita la datación (por no llevar  auxiliar entre otras razones).. para ser perfecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ya connota en sí mismo un tiempo real... aunque tal vez no cronológicamente necesario... si hubo explicado o no lo que dijo, no quedó muy claro...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Se había explicado,había intentado explicarse claramente,  pero no le queda constancia al que comunica de que lo consiguiera... No quedó muy claro si había explicado o no lo que dijo.... / el matiz enfático en la descripción de la segunda forma se corresponde, consecuentemente, con lo que en términos castellanos se explica con el refrán (El burro delante para que no se espante) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No vaya a ser que nuestro interlocutor no perciba nuestra opinión... &lt;strong&gt;No es incorrecto llevar el burro delante...&lt;/strong&gt; pero no es lo mismo llevarlo de la cuerda ... que darle fuste &quot;pa&quot; que ande. Cada tiempo verbal precisa su referente temporal. Que es, en el argumento expositivo y en la descripción... sumamente importante... Tanto como el referente gramatical y semántico en la sintaxis. (Puedo estar seguro, con un riesgo mínimo, de que mi burro no cocea... pero el ajeno... es mas prudente... llevarlo de la cuerda)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18031" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-01T16:35:37.930" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T16:35:37.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23090" CreationDate="2017-11-05T14:15:10.897" Score="5" ViewCount="1049" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt; in &quot;Is it a feature or a bug&quot; or &quot;That's a feature, not a bug&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bug&lt;/em&gt; could be &lt;em&gt;defecto&lt;/em&gt;.  But I don't know what to do with &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt;.  The closest I've gotten is &lt;em&gt;cualidad&lt;/em&gt; -- which doesn't quite work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm open to a reworking of the whole sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use these phrases in general conversation, not just in a software context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples from outside the software world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.harperspero.com/blog/2017/9/17/how-to-build-your-business-your-way&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Build Your Business Your Way&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My ability and determination to think creatively makes me a better coach and entrepreneur. And now that I’ve built a business my way, it’s a feature, not a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://trustthevote.org/author/gam1357/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yet Another Report About Voter Fears &amp;amp; Voting System Integrity&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The primary problem with the antiquated methods come down to a single fundamental issue, centralization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Well, actually, that centralization is necessary and it isn’t central, but local — the machinery of U.S. elections are [sic] required to be in the control of U.S. local election officials.  It’s a feature not a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the MIR Space Station, something was constantly breaking down.  The astronauts stationed at MIR were constantly having to fix one thing or another just so the station could stay afloat.  The silver lining of that was that the astronauts didn't have time to get depressed.  A cynic might say that the decrepitude of MIR turned out to be a feature, not a bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I plan to say in future (bottom line):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es parte de la funcionalidad, no un fallo de diseño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-25T20:14:19.010" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T00:32:22.130" Title="How to translate &quot;feature&quot; in &quot;Is it a feature or a bug&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23088" CreationDate="2017-11-05T15:07:38.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common is &quot;característica&quot;. Also &quot;propiedad&quot; fits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &quot;bug&quot;, it's usually translated as &quot;fallo&quot;, but actually people tend to preserve the English word &quot;bug&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T15:07:38.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23088" CreationDate="2017-11-05T16:52:59.767" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo traduciría como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es esto parte de la &lt;strong&gt;funcionalidad&lt;/strong&gt; (de la aplicación) o es un &lt;em&gt;bug&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es parte de la &lt;strong&gt;funcionalidad&lt;/strong&gt; de la aplicación, no un &lt;em&gt;bug&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos usamos &lt;code&gt;bug&lt;/code&gt; en español en el context de la informática. Creo que intentar traducirlo como &amp;quot;defecto&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;error&amp;quot; es innecesario. Este anglicismo está ampliamente aceptado en la industria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T05:23:33.660" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23092" CreationDate="2017-11-05T19:22:20.893" Score="6" ViewCount="3398" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tuve una vez un profesor de teatro que decía que no era lo mismo &quot;hablar en voz alta&quot; que &quot;gritar&quot;, y que los actores de teatro tienen que aprender a hablar en voz lo suficientemente alta como para que todo el público se entere del diálogo, pero sin llegar al grito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos en el diccionario, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JYq8Ucq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gritar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;dar un grito&quot;, y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JYy1mZh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;grito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;voz muy esforzada y levantada&quot;. Estoy buscando una palabra que solo contenga la parte de &quot;levantada&quot;, es decir, hablar en voz alta, pero sin esforzar la voz, sin la parte de llegar a romper el grito. Se me ocurrió en principio &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c09iOW2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vociferar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;vocear o dar grandes voces&quot;. Sin embargo, tanto esta definición como la de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bzchpMZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; usan la palabra &lt;em&gt;voces&lt;/em&gt;, que es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;grito&lt;/em&gt; (la acepción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c4LfLPC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;voz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que está marcada como usada más en plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué verbo existe pues en español para esta acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T09:32:19.040" Title="¿Existe un verbo para &quot;hablar en voz alta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23091" CreationDate="2017-11-05T20:00:27.857" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para el caso concreto del teatro, la expresión que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;proyectar la voz&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el término que se usa tanto en teatro como en canto para hacer referencia a la técnica vocal que hay que emplear para elevar la voz, sin dañar la garganta, y de forma que alcance a todo el auditorio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se basa en la respiración diafragmática, en el empleo de la cavidad bucal como amplificador de la voz, y de los diferentes &quot;huecos&quot; de la cara (senos nasales, temporales) como resonadores naturales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una expresión específica de la oratoria y el canto, pero si nos guiamos por lo que dice la RAE, aun así, tiene sentido. En el DLE, tenemos en la primera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UV1NQcU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;proyectar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Lanzar, dirigir hacia delante o a distancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que es aplicable a lo que comentaba más arriba, ya que cuando se &lt;em&gt;proyecta la voz&lt;/em&gt;, la imagen mental que se debe tener es la de un chorro de voz que sale de nuestra boca y que tiene que dirigirse de forma constante, estable y firme hacia un punto en la distancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una fuente (más allá de mi propia experiencia): &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikihow.com/proyectar-tu-voz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo proyectar tu voz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-05T22:37:17.633" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T22:37:17.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20985" CreationDate="2017-11-05T23:06:00.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustó lo de 'edulcorante', me parece que es algo que usamos en otros contextos (se me viene a la cabeza mentiras edulcoradas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que para que sea consistente con la frase original, &lt;em&gt;syntactic sugar&lt;/em&gt;, la traducción apropiada debería ser en función de lo dulce, el sustantivo sería edulcorante, y lo relacionado a la sintaxis sería el adjetivo, por lo que sería lo más apropiado: &lt;strong&gt;edulcorante sintáctico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18039" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T23:06:00.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23091" CreationDate="2017-11-06T08:23:46.100" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No obstante la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23092/13628&quot;&gt;respuesta de @Alicia&lt;/a&gt;, que es la que considero correcta...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que indicas que estás &lt;em&gt;&quot;buscando una palabra&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, una palabra te propongo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BxW0PUW#5G4c7VL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;declamar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1. intr. Hablar en público.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp; 4. intr. &lt;strong&gt;Recitar la prosa o el verso con entonación&lt;/strong&gt;, ademanes y gestos &lt;strong&gt;adecuados&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. tr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parte de recitar con entonación adecuada es, precisamente, el saber &lt;em&gt;proyectar la voz&lt;/em&gt; para que sea oída tanto en primera fila como en el gallinero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Además, por su primera acepción de &quot;hablar en público&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;declamar&lt;/strong&gt; se asocia de manera natural con hablar en voz alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T08:23:46.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23161" CreationDate="2017-11-06T08:36:12.057" Score="5" ViewCount="1810" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me resulta curiosa la entrada en el DLE de la palabra &lt;em&gt;bacón&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4kwa25N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bacón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. mediev. &lt;em&gt;baco, -onis&lt;/em&gt;; en acep. 1, del ingl. &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;beicon&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. desus. Pieza de tocino de cerdo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, pensaba que las diferentes acepciones de una palabra generaban entradas diferentes en el DLE (es decir, debería existir una entrada &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). Por otro lado, la acepción que es sinónima de &lt;em&gt;beicon&lt;/em&gt; se muestra como proveniente del inglés, y cuando consultamos &lt;em&gt;beicon&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE encontramos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5IMmcG1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beicon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. mediev. &lt;em&gt;baco, -onis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Panceta ahumada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el DLE insiste en su origen latino a pesar de provenir del inglés, por lo que podría parecer que esta es otra de las palabras que buscaba la pregunta sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22988/12637&quot;&gt;etimologías cíclicas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, buscando la etimología de &lt;em&gt;beicon&lt;/em&gt; encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bacon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Middle English, from Anglo-French, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German &lt;em&gt;bahho&lt;/em&gt; side of bacon, &lt;em&gt;bah&lt;/em&gt; back.&quot; Es decir, dice que la palabra es pariente de &lt;em&gt;back&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;espalda&quot;), y que su origen es germánico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/bacon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etymonline&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;From Old French &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt;, from Proto-Germanic &lt;em&gt;*bakkon&lt;/em&gt; 'back meat'.&quot; Dice que la palabra proviene del francés antiguo, que al parecer se hablaba en el norte de Francia, y propone una etimología pues relacionada con el germánico más que con el latín.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado otros diccionarios con resultados similares, el único que he encontrado que dice que podría provenir del latín es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/bacon1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etymologiebank.nl&lt;/a&gt; (la traducción automática -pero corregida- de la página dice &quot;derivado del &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt; inglés, antiguo &lt;em&gt;Bakoun&lt;/em&gt; [ca. 1330; BDE] &amp;lt; francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;bacon, bacoun&lt;/em&gt; o latín medieval &lt;em&gt;baconem&lt;/em&gt; (acusativo de &lt;em&gt;bac(c)o&lt;/em&gt;) 'tocino'&quot;). Es decir, la proveniencia del latín medieval es una opción alternativa a la del francés antiguo (y por ende del germánico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la RAE parece tenerlo muy claro. Si en la edición del DLE de 1992 solo decían que venía del inglés &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt;, ¿por qué ahora la RAE lo afirma sin dudar? ¿Qué estudios categóricos existen acerca del origen de esta palabra? ¿Qué saben ellos que nosotros no sepamos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T14:54:57.750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T23:09:30.117" Title="¿Por qué dice la RAE que &quot;beicon&quot; viene del latín medieval?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23091" CreationDate="2017-11-06T08:39:24.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el razonamiento de @walen también podríamos usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VRvloDZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recitar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Referir, contar o decir en voz alta un discurso u oración.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Decir o pronunciar de memoria y en voz alta versos, discursos, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recitar se define claramente como &lt;em&gt;hablar en voz alta&lt;/em&gt; y puede usarse para hablar en público o en privado indistintamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T08:39:24.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2017-11-06T08:55:56.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Reply to &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue un placer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very polite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la orden / a sus órdenes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Express subordination&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite common although a bit rude&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De nada / por nada / no es nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very common&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay por qué / No hay de qué&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very common&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay por que darlas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it; but, in Mexico, you will get a reply. So be aware!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las que hace el chango / las que hace el perro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naco_(argot)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Naco&lt;/a&gt;: Bad taste; great lack of style&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T09:03:00.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T09:18:21.290" Score="11" ViewCount="10220" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de la programación es común encontrarse con código al que se denomina &lt;strong&gt;deprecated&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto es, se trata de código cuyo autor indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto que te ofrezco sigue funcionando, pero yo ya no me responsabilizo de que siga haciéndolo en un futuro, así que úsalo bajo tu propia responsabilidad (y no llores si deja de funcionar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40975143#40975143&quot;&gt;walen dixit&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE incluye &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CFrLzul&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;deprecar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero quiere decir otra cosa, así que no vale:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. deprecāri 'rogar'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Rogar, pedir, suplicar con eficacia o instancia. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;blonfu &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40638538#40638538&quot;&gt;comentó&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;desaprobar&lt;/strong&gt; podría ser una buena traducción explicándolo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) &quot;Desaprobar&quot; es que algo no se aprueba, que se desaconseja su uso. &quot;Obsoleto&quot; es que ha quedado desfasado y se usa poco pero no tiene por qué estar mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así y todo sería interesante ver qué otras opciones puede haber, así como si hay alguna canónica que se esté usando en documentaciones oficiales. ¿La hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T09:22:16.490" LastActivityDate="2020-02-19T13:16:32.380" Title="¿Cómo se puede decir que algo está &quot;deprecated&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2017-11-06T09:24:29.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No hay de qué&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; might have been built in the early 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century upon the French:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Il n'y a pas de quoi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter being a shortcut of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Il n'y a pas de quoi &lt;strong&gt;me remercier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no reason to thank me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not something that I deserve to be thank for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-04-17T21:06:15.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23098" CreationDate="2017-11-06T09:36:37.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues mira, una alternativa la conocemos bien por el propio diccionario de la RAE: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en desuso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado en el diccionario es exactamente el mismo: una palabra en desuso en principio se podría seguir usando, es español correcto, pero nadie te asegura que la gente te vaya a entender. Llegué a esta conclusión porque es la traducción oficial de Microsoft. Cuando programas en C# la forma de hacer un método &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt; es así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Obsolete]&#xA;public void Method(...) { }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si marcas un método como obsoleto en el código y luego pasas el ratón por encima para ver la información del mismo, en el Visual Studio en español te aparece antes de la descripción: &quot;[en desuso]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T09:36:37.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23109" CreationDate="2017-11-06T10:17:11.753" Score="6" ViewCount="25883" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras leer esta pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1826/what-is-the-difference-between-de-nada-and-no-hay-de-qu%C3%A9&quot;&gt;What is the difference between &amp;quot;De nada&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;No hay de qu&amp;#233;&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba, ¿de dónde viene la expresión &quot;no hay de qué&quot;? En concreto me interesa saber a qué hace referencia el &quot;qué&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T13:39:40.017" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T13:39:40.017" Title="Origen de &quot;No hay de qué&quot;, ¿a qué se refiere &quot;qué&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;pronombre-interrogativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23098" CreationDate="2017-11-06T10:55:27.883" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si quieres que te entiendan todos los que se dedican a la programación, hablen español o no: &lt;strong&gt;deprecado&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=deprecar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;deprecar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;deprecāri&lt;/em&gt; 'rogar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Rogar, pedir, suplicar con eficacia o instancia. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación: tanto el español &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=deprecar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;deprecar&lt;/a&gt; como el inglés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/deprecate&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;deprecate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; vienen ambos del latín &lt;em&gt;dēprecor, dēprecārī, dēprecātus&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;rezar con insistencia para alejar un mal, rogar en contra de algo&quot;. En inglés mantiene esta connotación: cuando se marca algo como &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt;, se está haciendo un ruego en contra de la utilización de ese algo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, la connotación de &quot;en contra de&quot; la ha perdido, pero mantiene la de &quot;rogar con insistencia&quot;, luego hay cierta base para usarlo. Y en cualquier caso, dado el ínfimo uso que tenía la palabra en el último siglo (apenas el 0.0000001% &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=deprecado&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdeprecado%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Google NGRAM&lt;/a&gt;), no debería haber problema en que recupere dicha connotación, si así lo pide el uso actual.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si la comunidad decide usar &quot;deprecado&quot; porque es la palabra que más fácilmente permite transmitir este concepto en un entorno globalizado, que así sea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En portugués, por ejemplo, ya se admite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/DLPO/deprecado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;de·pre·ca·do&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (latim &lt;em&gt;deprecatus, -a, um&lt;/em&gt;, particípio passado de &lt;em&gt;deprecor, -ari&lt;/em&gt;, procurar afastar por meio de súplicas, pedir, suplicar, afastar, demover, interceder, pedir perdão)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;adjectivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2. [Informática]  Cuja utilização já não se recomenda (ex.: esta função não está obsoleta, mas está deprecada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo al ejemplo de uso que incluyen, donde el uso de &lt;strong&gt;deprecado&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;se contrapone&lt;/em&gt; al de &lt;strong&gt;obsoleto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres que te entiendan todos los que hablan español, se dediquen a programar o no: &lt;strong&gt;desaconsejado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=CLS5ULm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaconsejar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Disuadir, persuadir a alguien de lo contrario a lo que tiene meditado o resuelto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicación: tal como indicas (¿indico?) en la propia pregunta, &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt; se usa cuando quieres que una funcionalidad deje de utilizarse. Es decir, que &lt;strong&gt;desaconsejas&lt;/strong&gt; su uso.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no siempre es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;obsoleto&lt;/em&gt;, ya que el motivo puede ser simplemente que la funcionalidad no sea segura, aunque no haya ninguna otra mejor que la sustituya (vease por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Thread.html#stop--&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el caso de &lt;code&gt;Thread#stop()&lt;/code&gt; en Java&lt;/a&gt;, que lleva deprecado casi 25 años sin nada que lo reemplace).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tampoco es sinónimo de &quot;en desuso&quot;: que deje de usarse suele ser una consecuencia de desaconsejar el uso, pero siempre hay un periodo de transición de meses o años desde que algo se marca &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt; hasta que la gente deja de usarlo de manera habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T12:49:35.573" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T12:49:35.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23098" CreationDate="2017-11-06T10:55:46.453" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40638538#40638538&quot;&gt;mi comentario&lt;/a&gt;, al que haces referencia en la pregunta, yo explicaba lo que entiendo con esas palabras pero no parece que sea el uso que se da en programación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por poner un ejemplo, aunque en diferentes lenguajes puede haber diferencias, en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Deprecated_and_obsolete_features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentación de JavaScript&lt;/a&gt; de MDN dice de &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Deprecated features&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These deprecated features can still be used, but should be used with&#xA;caution because they are expected to be removed entirely sometime in&#xA;the future. You should work to remove their use from your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en obsolete:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Obsolete features&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These obsolete features have been entirely removed from JavaScript and&#xA;can no longer be used as of the indicated version of JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que las características &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt; todavía se utilizan pero se espera que desaparezcan en el futuro, por lo que no es recomendable utilizarlas. Las &lt;em&gt;obsolete&lt;/em&gt; ya están eliminadas y no se pueden usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de &lt;em&gt;obsolete&lt;/em&gt; en este caso no es lo que yo pensaba pero mi proposición de &lt;strong&gt;desaprobado&lt;/strong&gt; sigue siendo válida en cualquier caso para &lt;em&gt;deprecated&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta misma documentación de MDN en su versión en español traduce &lt;em&gt;Deprecated features&lt;/em&gt; como &amp;quot;Caracteristicas desaprobadas&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE tenemos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CShfegR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desaprobar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Reprobar, no asentir a algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;reprobar&lt;/em&gt; a su vez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W4zEE9u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reprobar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. No aprobar, dar por malo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto no se aprueba el uso de una característica, propiedad o lo que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T12:24:04.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23101" CreationDate="2017-11-06T11:00:27.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, tal y como yo lo entiendo, vendría a significar &quot;no hay de qué estar agradecido&quot;, es decir, quitas importancia al asunto por el que te están dando las gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este aspecto se parece a la expresión más literal y quizás menos utilizada &quot;no hay por qué darlas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T11:00:27.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T16:44:07.173" Score="6" ViewCount="587" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;strong&gt;¿está parida la gata?&lt;/strong&gt; aparece en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0VULIX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. desus. Era u. para indicar que había varias luces de sobra en una habitación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen es sin duda antiguo, ya que aparece dos veces en el &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot; de Correas de 1627:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dízese kuando ai enzendidas más velas de las ke bastan, para ke se maten las ke sobran i no se gasten de balde. [pág.151]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dizen esto kuando en kasa están enzendidas muchas luzes, para ke se apagen las ke sobran, i no se gasten las velas i azeite de balde. [pag 631] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero no he visto el origen, ni se me ocurre, la relación entre una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0VULIX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gata parida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Persona flaca y extenuada.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y el exceso de luces encendidas. ¿Cuál puede ser ese origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18044" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T21:46:02.017" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;¿Está parida la gata?&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23063" CreationDate="2017-11-06T17:03:39.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, se refiere a la segunda referencia de posibles significados, lo más parecido podría ser sería algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;verdad&lt;/em&gt;, aquí son bien &lt;em&gt;buena onda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de la frase original, los significados de esos dos coloquialismos serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La neta:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La verdad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chido:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buena onda. Persona agradable, amable, que cae muy bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alivianado. Persona no conflictiva que genera un ambiente agradable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leyendo los &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23063/qu%C3%A9-quiere-decir-la-neta-aqu%C3%AD-son-bien-chidos#comment37146_23063&quot;&gt;comentarios&lt;/a&gt; veo que dices que pareciera algo como un soborno, pero no. Lo que yo logro identficar es más bien como si fuera una entrevista, donde el guardia solo da su opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23063/qu%C3%A9-quiere-decir-la-neta-aqu%C3%AD-son-bien-chidos#comment37149_23063&quot;&gt;comentario&lt;/a&gt; que me llamó la atención, es el del Mauricio, donde indica que se refiere a un guardia de una universidad y que le llamaban &lt;em&gt;pan de dios&lt;/em&gt;. Bueno, cabe mencionar que siguiendo la cuenta de Twitter se trata de una universidad de El Salvador, donde es posible que también se puedan dar estos coloquialismos. La verdad es que tenía entendido que se usaban meramente en México pero ahora veo que se ha extendido por Centroamérica. Es bueno saberlo ya que el día que visite El Salvador, me sentiré como en casa expresándome de la gente de la misma manera que en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T20:07:20.613" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T20:07:20.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23107" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en El Salvador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in El Salvador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23108" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en El Salvador / Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in El Salvador." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T20:09:24.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23101" CreationDate="2017-11-07T08:02:25.120" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;no hay de qué&quot; se usa desde antiguo seguida de diferentes verbos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de qué maravillarse deso&lt;/em&gt; (Quijote, 1605).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de qué nos asombremos&lt;/em&gt; (Guzmán de Alfarache, 1599).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de qué maravillaros de eso&lt;/em&gt; (Portacuentos, 1564).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay de qué hacerme á mí culpado&lt;/em&gt; (Rebelión y castigo de los moriscos, 1600).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, los primeros casos de la expresión sin verbo seguida son del siglo XVIII, y curiosamente no se usaba para responder a un &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt;, sino a otra expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;D. Gil.: Señores, sea en hora buena:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;y recibid mi deseo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;de que os gocéis muchos años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Novia: No es aqueste caballero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;mi esposo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  D. Gil: La cercanía&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;me persuadió el parentesco;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;perdonadme.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  D. Joaq: No hay de qué.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de la Cruz, &quot;El reverso del sarao&quot;, 1766 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Doctor: ¿Es usted el mayordomo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Señor 2.º: No, señor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Doctor: Pues se parece. Perdone usted.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Señor 2.º: No hay de qué.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de la Cruz, &quot;La enferma del mal de boda&quot;, 1757 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, el primer caso del CORDE conteniendo esta expresión se usó para una respuesta a una disculpa, por lo que &quot;no hay de qué&quot; significaría &quot;no hay de qué disculparse&quot;. Ya entrado el siglo XIX vemos casos de la expresión tanto como respuesta a una disculpa como a un agradecimiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Perdone V., caballero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No hay de qué...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de Mesonero Romanos, &quot;Escenas de 1832&quot;, 1832 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DON EDUARDO: Quede usted con Dios, señor don Pedro, y mil gracias de todos modos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  DON PEDRO: No hay de qué, amigo mío, no hay de qué...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza, &quot;Contigo pan y cebolla&quot;, 1833 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casos similares nos podemos encontrar en la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Mil gracias por haberme sugerido esta idea, querido doctor. —No hay&#xA;  de que, señor conde.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diario balear. 26/2/1830, página 4. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Perdone usté caballero. —No hay de qué...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cartas españolas. 5/1–29/3/1832, página 182.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que la expresión &quot;no hay de qué&quot; es lo suficientemente laxa como para poder ser completada con muchos y variados verbos, como se vio al principio de esta respuesta. Eso la hace muy versátil y por tanto susceptible de ser usada como respuesta para diferentes situaciones, aunque hoy día solo se suela usar para corresponder a un agradecimiento. En este caso, se puede entender que la expresión completa sería &quot;no hay de qué dar las gracias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T08:02:25.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-07T10:41:15.423" Score="1" ViewCount="2693" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente, la expresión &quot;abrírsele las carnes a alguien&quot; se tomaba de forma totalmente literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pecten. tinis. masculino genero me. cor. in obliquo. el peyne o vn instrumento de fierro con dientes o forma de peyne con que abrian las carnes alos martires.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rodrigo Fernández de Santaella, &quot;Vocabulario eclesiástico&quot;, 1499 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cuando digo literal, también me refiero al hecho de que se usaba para decir que se infligían heridas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ay, ansiada fue yo! No me des tan crudamente, que me abres las carnes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gaspar Gómez de Toledo, &quot;Tercera parte de la tragicomedia de Celestina&quot;, 1536 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero querría yo saber de la señora mi señora doña Dulcinea del Toboso adónde aprendió el modo de rogar que tiene: viene a pedirme que me abra las carnes a azotes, y llámame &quot;alma de cántaro&quot; y &quot;bestión indómito&quot;, con una tiramira de malos nombres, que el diablo los sufra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;Segunda parte del ingenioso caballero don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1615 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de hecho, esto se demuestra en la definición de la expresión en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abrir las &lt;em&gt;carnes&lt;/em&gt;. Es romper el pelléjo del hombre ò animál, dandole golpes y hiriéndole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, con el tiempo su significado adquirió un significado más figurado, al punto de que a día de hoy significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7bnjWlr#7gDj3zE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abrírsele&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;las carnes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Estremecerse de horror.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ni rastro del significado anterior. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le aseguro a usted que se me abren las carnes así que habla de irse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fernán Caballero (Cecilia Böhl de Faber), &quot;La gaviota&quot;, 1849 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo tuvo lugar este cambio del significado literal al figurado? ¿Cuál fue el motivo del cambio? ¿Por qué la RAE no ha mantenido el significado previo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T13:45:14.683" LastActivityDate="2019-11-21T23:01:05.157" Title="¿Cómo adquirió la expresión &quot;abrírsele las carnes a alguien&quot; su significado actual?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23111" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23823" CreationDate="2017-11-07T14:39:45.983" Score="6" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día existe la regla de escribir &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; como conjunción en vez de &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; si la palabra a continuación comienza con un sonido &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dentro de este ambiente confuso e incierto, los mercados bursátiles españoles registraron...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a raiz de la definición de &quot;abrir las carnes&quot; del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; vista &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23110/12637&quot;&gt;en otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, sabemos que esto no siempre fue así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... so pena que el que lo cortare y el official que lo cosiere caygan y incurran en pena de cincuenta mill maravedis...&lt;/em&gt; (1560)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas catorçe onzas de pastillas y incienso a dos rreales cada onza.&lt;/em&gt; (1622)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... y desde ahora los ha por especificados y inclusos en ella por más aumento de dote de la susodicha...&lt;/em&gt; (1742)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay textos más recientes, pero ya menos en comparación con los que se encuentran de antes de 1750. Así que pensaba que la norma de escribir 'e' en vez de 'y' era algo relativamente reciente, pero veo que no, ya que los casos de 'e' también son muy numerosos antes de 1700:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... donde duramente es acusada e increpada por sus crueldades y se denuncia por descomulgada por sus atrevimientos.&lt;/em&gt; (1508)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... a despecho de tantos inconvenientes e incomodidades...&lt;/em&gt; (1605)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... infinitas gracias al cielo de que se ayan sujetado aquellas provincias antes bárbaras e incultas...&lt;/em&gt; (1701)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto lo visto, parece que hasta un determinado momento la gente escribía la conjunción que quería al no haber una regla clara: unos evitaban la cacofonía y otros no. De hecho, Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611 ya decía esto sobre la letra &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... y con algun primor usamos della quando la diccion que se le sigue empieça en i.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la RAE en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En lo antiguo se usaba comunmente de la E como conjunción copulativa, tomando el origen del &lt;em&gt;Et&lt;/em&gt; Latino [...], en cuyo lugar se ha substituido la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;; aunque el dia de oy se conserva el uso con elegáncia quando la dicción que se le sigue comienza con &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; para evitar la colusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, cambiar &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; no era una norma, sino algo considerado como culto pero no necesario. El caso es, que parece que hasta la propia RAE usaba &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; antes de palabras que comenzaban por sonido &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; (no sería demasiado culta), así que ¿cuándo decidieron establecer la regla para evitar siempre la cacofonía? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T14:52:05.690" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T11:57:30.023" Title="¿Cuándo estableció la RAE que se debía escribir 'e' en vez de 'y' ante palabras que comenzaran por 'i'?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1695" CreationDate="2017-11-07T18:48:20.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español también se puede decir &amp;quot;congratular&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=congratular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;congratular&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. congratulāri.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Alegrar a alguien o producirle alegría. Me congratula oírte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Felicitar a alguien o darle la enhorabuena. Congratuló a sus adversarios. U. m. en Am.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Sentir alegría o satisfacción por algo. Se congratula de tu triunfo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T18:14:04.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23122" CreationDate="2017-11-07T20:26:06.217" Score="7" ViewCount="5621" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anda circulando por el facebook una imagen que parece ser publicidad de Larousse.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6OExA.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6OExA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ella se menciona la palabra Petricor como el olor de la lluvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre desconfío de facebook así diga que viene de Larousse, verifiqué en la RAE y la palabra no se encuentra aunque si hay otras fuentes como wikipedia que la contienen. Pero igualmente un artículo en wikipedia es creado por cualquiera por lo que no es una fuente &quot;oficial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al buscar encontré que en inglés hay un caso similar. La palabra &lt;em&gt;petrichor&lt;/em&gt; esta recogida en wikipedia y en google_translate como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a pleasant smell that frequently accompanies the first rain after a long period of warm, dry weather.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo al buscarla en mi diccionario favorito &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/petrichor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;m-w&lt;/a&gt; tampoco aparece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede confirmar la validez de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;petricor&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T10:13:11.697" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T16:03:34.087" Title="¿Existe &quot;Petricor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23119" CreationDate="2017-11-07T20:51:41.660" Score="8" ViewCount="8487" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo una duda con respecto al uso de preposiciones en la que mi cerebro lingüístico me dice una cosa, y mi cerebro lógico me dice otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os lo explico con un ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;strong&gt;depender&lt;/strong&gt; viene siempre seguido de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;, que introduce un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complemento_de_r%C3%A9gimen&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento de régimen verbal o suplemento&lt;/a&gt;. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo depende de su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &lt;em&gt;su origen&lt;/em&gt; es un sintagma nominal que puede ser fácilmente sustituido por una frase que exprese lo mismo de manera perifrástica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su origen = de dónde proviene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, si introducimos esta segunda estructura en la frase inicial, nos queda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo depende &lt;strong&gt;de de&lt;/strong&gt; dónde proviene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, &lt;em&gt;tachán&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos dos hermosas preposiciones idénticas seguidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden crear otros ejemplos similares de manera relativamente simple, incluso con otras preposiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No me acuerdo de su propietario --&gt; No me acuerdo &lt;strong&gt;de de&lt;/strong&gt; quién es eso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pepe se refiere a esa persona --&gt; Pepe se refiere &lt;strong&gt;a a&lt;/strong&gt; quien llamaba María.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Soñé con mi marido --&gt; Soñé &lt;strong&gt;con con&lt;/strong&gt; quien me casé.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema de todo esto es que esas frases me suenan fatal, y, sin embargo, no le veo el fallo a la lógica para llegar a ellas. Por otra parte, he prestado especial atención últimamente a cómo lo dicen en medios de comunicación (por ejemplo) y, en casos similares, usan una única preposición. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, las preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es esto correcto? ¿O incorrecto? ¿O correcto pero desaconsejado?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está esto recogido/reglado en algún sitio?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T20:56:31.703" Title="¿Es correcto usar dos preposiciones iguales seguidas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23116" CreationDate="2017-11-07T20:51:53.557" Score="7" ViewCount="6971" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen varias terminaciones para adjetivos &quot;abstractos&quot; en español. Pensé en estos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apto: apti&lt;strong&gt;tud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;bueno: bon&lt;strong&gt;dad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;rico: riqu&lt;strong&gt;eza&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;avaro: avar&lt;strong&gt;icia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sensato: sensa&lt;strong&gt;tez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés también se puede ver una terminación que puede usarse para crear (al menos algunos) sustantivos abstractos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/ness&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ness&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;added to adjectives to form nouns that refer to a quality or a condition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así por ejemplo, el adjetivo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/adequateness&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;adequate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tendría su equivalente como sustantivo &lt;em&gt;adequate&lt;strong&gt;ness&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomemos una frase como plantilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adjetivo: exacto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nivel de exactitud será evaluado por expertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adjetivo: adecuado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nivel de (?) será evaluado por expertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún sustantivo abstracto que se pueda formar a partir de la palabra &quot;adecuado&quot; y que denote el estado o condición de &quot;ser adecuado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2019-05-02T15:37:29.500" Title="¿Hay algún sustantivo para el adjetivo &quot;adecuado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23115" CreationDate="2017-11-07T21:08:59.387" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;A tu lista de sufijos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ud&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-icia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ez(a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, podemos añadir también &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que con la misma raíz que &lt;strong&gt;adecuar&lt;/strong&gt;, tenemos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0i8jUOQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adecuación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que el DLE define como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de adecuar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras palabras forman sustantivos abstractos con dicho sufijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moderar → Moderación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Organizar → Organización&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deducir → Deducción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta página de la Wikipedia sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustantivo_abstracto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sustantivo abstracto&lt;/a&gt; hablan de ciertos sufijos y reglas que permiten la creación de sustantivos abstractos, y hacen referencia a una gramática. Lamentablemente, no he encontrado la referencia correspondiente de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T06:49:11.847" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T06:49:11.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23105" CreationDate="2017-11-07T21:14:54.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el libro &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=Pcw-AAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La sabiduría de las naciones, o los evangelios abreviados&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar para dicho refrán la siguiente explicación, que a su vez cita el &lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; de Covarrubias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; se lee lo siguiente acerca de este modismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Cuando hay muchas luces encendidas en la casa y todas casi juntas,&#xA;  preguntamos si está parida la gata, porque de noche relucen mucho los&#xA;  ojos de los gatos. Y estando la gata con sus gatillos, parece que&#xA;  están ardiendo los ojos de todos como candilejas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8y9me.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8y9me.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien dice @Charlie en su comentario, la segunda expresión (Persona flaca y extenuada) no parece tener relación con la primera. Según lo que entiendo, hace referencia al estado de cansancio en que ha de quedar la gata despues del proceso de parto y se usa esta comparación para hablar del grado de extenuación el una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T22:36:04.770" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T22:36:04.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26291" CreationDate="2017-11-07T21:36:40.700" Score="6" ViewCount="2231" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un rato en nuestro chat La Tertulia &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/41002241#41002241&quot;&gt;dijo blonfu&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿eso es una especie de Meta pero para &lt;strong&gt;hacer el pinflas&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contexto entiendo que se refería a si una cosa en concreto es una especie de sitio Meta de Stack Exchange donde realizar &lt;em&gt;probatinas&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, me pareció muy curioso -¡y divertido!- el uso de &lt;em&gt;pinflas&lt;/em&gt;, que nunca había oído. El DLE no lo reconoce, el CREA no tiene ningún resultado al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿qué quiere decir exactamente &lt;em&gt;hacer el pinflas&lt;/em&gt;? Además, ¿de dónde viene &quot;pinflas&quot;? En la zona noreste de España yo nunca lo he oído, ¿dónde se usa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T12:35:30.537" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T06:31:28.830" Title="¿Qué es &quot;hacer el pinflas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23114" CreationDate="2017-11-07T23:25:14.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no es correcto, según se indica en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pGogVlDZcqzSqJ,,&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sección 43.8p&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiende a evitarse la repetición de la preposición cuando coinciden la elegida por el predicado principal y la seleccionada por el predicado de la subordinada. Se rechazan, pues, construcciones como &lt;em&gt;*Eso depende de de quién quieras hablar&lt;/em&gt;, aunque contengan dos preposiciones justificadas sintácticamente: la elegida por &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt; y la seleccionada por &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ojo, que la solución &lt;em&gt;recomendada&lt;/em&gt; no es quitar un &quot;de&quot; y ya está. Más adelante dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para sustituir la opción inviable &lt;em&gt;*Eso depende de de quién quieras hablar&lt;/em&gt;, no se considera recomendable superponer las dos preposiciones en una sola o elidir una de ellas (&lt;em&gt;Eso depende de quién quieras hablar&lt;/em&gt;). Una forma de evitar ambas estructuras es elegir un grupo nominal que contenga una relativa con antecedente expreso, como en &lt;em&gt;Eso depende de quién sea la persona de quien quieras hablar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que aunque fusionar ambas preposiciones no sería incorrecto (pues no lo marca con *), lo recomendado es cambiar la frase para separarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T23:25:14.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23115" CreationDate="2017-11-08T01:06:16.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La suficiencia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra la aprendí a usar en el contexto de la educación especial, donde hay una colaboración entre padres y maestros para hacer un Plan -- una especie de contrato -- que describe cuáles apoyos se le van a dar al niño en la escuela, y qué son las metas académicas que se consideran alcanzables en el plazo un año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando los padres no quedan conformes con el plan, pueden levantar una queja de &quot;suficiencia,&quot; lo cual quiere decir que los padres consideran que el plan que adoptó la escuela no es &lt;em&gt;adecuado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T01:06:16.100" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23121" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-08T01:28:45.897" Score="1" ViewCount="2757" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia es común usar la expresión &quot;me sabe a cacho&quot; cuando una situación causa disgusto o es incómoda. Por ejemplo, si una canción ha estado de moda mucho tiempo y empieza a ser molesta se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa canción ya me sabe a cacho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-1958336&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Me sabe a cacho&lt;/a&gt; que los colombianos nos sumerjamos en unas disquisiciones tan absurdas y nos enzarzemos en unos debates sin sentido, en vez de analizar problemas de verdad importantes para el país, como la corrupción, la inequidad social o el desempleo, por decir algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué hacer la analogía de una situación molesta con comer algo que ni siquiera se asociaría con comer? Se entendería si se hablara de un alimento desagradable, pero ni siquiera un animal se podría comer un cacho. ¿Se usa o entiende la expresión en otros lugares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Como se pregunta en los comentarios, aclaro que el significado que le doy a la palabra cacho es el de cuerno. Con esto, la pregunta es similar a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19412/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-origen-de-la-expresi%C3%B3n-saber-a-cuerno-quemado&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión “saber a cuerno quemado”?&lt;/a&gt;. Allí se explica que el olor de un cuerno quemado es desagradable, pero no sé si esa explicación aplica para la expresión por la que pregunto acá porque en ella no se menciona que sea quemado ni tampoco habla del olor sino del sabor. Es decir, si alguien quema un cuerno y hay gente cerca pues lo oleran así no quieran. Pero ¿quién trataría de comerse un cuerno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T13:36:03.830" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T12:44:29.920" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;me sabe a cacho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2017-11-08T08:02:13.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;petricor&lt;/em&gt; parece ser un neologismo. Según la propia Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término petricor, &lt;em&gt;petrichor&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, fue creado en 1964 por dos geólogos australianos, Isabel Joy Bear y R. G. Thomas. Apareció por primera vez en la revista Nature (993/2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado el término en casi ningún diccionario de ningún idioma cercano, &lt;a href=&quot;http://wordinfo.info/searches/results/petrichor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salvo en uno&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;petrichor&lt;/strong&gt; (s) (noun), &lt;strong&gt;petrichors&lt;/strong&gt; (pl)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. The scent that comes up from a pavement, or dry earth, after rain has started to fall: The pleasant odor of &lt;em&gt;petrichor&lt;/em&gt; often results after a long period of warm, dry weather.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  It is believed that the oils from the rocks come from vegetation during dry periods and so the &lt;em&gt;petrichors&lt;/em&gt; are adsorbed on the surfaces of stones and soil particles which are then spread into the air by the next rain.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Etymology: from Greek &lt;em&gt;petro&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; stone, rocks&quot; + &lt;em&gt;ichor&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;fluid that flows like blood in the veins of the gods.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que parece ser un término usado en ámbitos científicos, preguntémosle a &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Académico&lt;/a&gt;. La búsqueda de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=es&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=petrichor&amp;amp;btnG=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;petrichor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; arroja 268 resultados. Entre ellos están los artículos que dieron origen al término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Petrichor and plant growth&lt;/em&gt; (1965)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Genesis of petrichor&lt;/em&gt; (1966)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otros más recientes que también lo usan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pondering petrichor: The smell of rain: How CSIRO invented a new word&lt;/em&gt; (2015)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo acceso al texto completo del artículo, pero su &lt;em&gt;abstract&lt;/em&gt; dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you one of those people who can smell when the rain is coming? Ever wondered then what you're actually smelling?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros artículos usan la palabra en el texto, citando el artículo original de 1965 para explicar que el término es de invención reciente. Si buscamos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=es&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=petricor&amp;amp;btnG=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;petricor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; aparecen 39 resultados, aunque muy pocos hacen referencia al término que nos ocupa. Uno de ellos (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://maestradelia.wordpress.com/category/ciencias-naturales/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hueles a pura tierra mojada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El distintivo aroma se conoce actualmente como &lt;em&gt;petricor&lt;/em&gt;, palabra inventada en inglés —&lt;em&gt;petrichor&lt;/em&gt;— por dos científicos australianos que allá por 1964 empezaron a estudiar en serio el fenómeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, yo diría que la palabra es un neologismo de reciente cuño, pero que ya está extendida y validada al menos en el ámbito científico. Dado que es una palabra que poca gente conoce y tiene poco uso fuera de este ámbito, es normal que la RAE no la haya recogido en el DLE. Pero yo diría, visto lo visto, que su validez está confirmada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T08:02:13.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23002" CreationDate="2017-11-08T12:34:19.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según yo la entiendo, significa algo así como tender una trampa a alguien para capturarlo o dirigirlo hacia donde tú quieres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, en el idioma español tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FjlNN79&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrampar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que un animal caiga en la trampa. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Engañar artificiosamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la verdad es que no suelo ver ese verbo muy usado, prevaleciendo en su lugar &quot;tender una trampa&quot; o &quot;tender una emboscada&quot;. Hoy día &quot;entramparse&quot; se suele usar en su acepción sinónima de &quot;endeudarse&quot;, al menos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción que tampoco mantiene el significado original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V9UAoYV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;raposear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Emplear ardides o trampas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, yo diría que en los ejemplos que has puesto encaja perfectamente el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;atraer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atrajeron al oso afuera de su cueva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El extrarradio está atrayendo a las familias de clase media.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El policía le atrajo de vuelta a la escena del crimen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A los exploradores les atraían las historias de la ciudad dorada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un escaparate vistoso ayuda a atraer a los compradores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con estos ejemplos no considero que &lt;em&gt;lure&lt;/em&gt; implique necesariamente una trampa, sino solo una atracción. Y lo que comentas de que &lt;em&gt;lure&lt;/em&gt; implica &quot;intencionalidad, premeditación, intensidad y a veces cierta maldad o alevosía&quot; lo respeta &lt;em&gt;atraer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T12:34:19.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23002" CreationDate="2017-11-08T12:55:44.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice @Charlie, en los ejemplos que has puesto lo que mejor encaja es &lt;em&gt;atraer&lt;/em&gt; sin duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto si queremos darle el sentido de trampa, cebo o señuelo hay varias palabras que tienen ese significado de atraer con engaños:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ec86tAA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;embaucar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Engañar o alucinar, prevaliéndose de la inexperiencia o candor del engañado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con un matiz un poco distinto tenemos también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FMaToZa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;engatusar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Ganar la voluntad de alguien con halagos para conseguir de él algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una palabra curiosa que descubrí buscando sinónimos de las anteriores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FKJEJb6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;engaitar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Engañar con promesas y con palabras artificiosas y deslumbradoras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También habría otras similares como camelar, encandilar, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T12:55:44.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23151" CreationDate="2017-11-08T13:44:49.820" Score="5" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This edition of the game has ended! The winner is @walen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is the beginning of the song &lt;em&gt;Shiny&lt;/em&gt; from the Disney movie &lt;em&gt;Moana&lt;/em&gt; (known in Europe as &lt;em&gt;Vaiana&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3521164/trivia?item=tr3193043&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pr0n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[SFW]&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can watch and listen the whole song clip here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93lrosBEW-Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93lrosBEW-Q&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Well, Tamatoa hasn't always been this glam&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I was a drab little crab once&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Now I know I can be happy as a clam&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Because I'm beautiful, baby&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Did your granny say listen to your heart&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Be who you are on the inside&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I need three words to tear her argument apart&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Your granny lied!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I'd rather be...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shiny&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Like a treasure from a sunken pirate wreck&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Scrub the deck and make it look...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shiny&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I will sparkle like a wealthy woman's neck&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Just a sec!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(333 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will add here the Spanish (from Spain) version of the song. It is more an adaptation than a literal translation, but here it goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Hace tiempo no tenía este glamour&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Fui un cangrejito muy soso&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Pero ahora estoy feliz y en plenitud&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Porque soy muy bello nena&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Tu corazón tu abuela te hizo escuchar&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Sé como eres por dentro&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Ese argumento yo lo voy a desmontar&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ¡Ella mintió!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Mejor ser...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ¡Brillante!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Cual tesoro de un navío que se hundió&lt;br&gt;&#xA; La cubierta tengo...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ¡Brillante!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Igualito que un collar de un millón&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ¡Un segundo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(299 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As this is a song text, the &lt;strong&gt;bonus for rhymes&lt;/strong&gt; applies. So if you maintain the rhymes in the verses, you get a 10% discount in your character count. &lt;strong&gt;The rhymes to be maintained are the ones from the following verses: &lt;em&gt;glam&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;clam&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;heart&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;apart&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;wreck&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;neck&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; The rest of the verses are rhyme-free. Only proper rhymes will be accepted, so no assonant rhymes apply for the bonus this time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T13:46:21.610" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T13:46:21.610" Title="Translation-golf XXV - I'd rather be shiny" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-08T14:12:57.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23127" CreationDate="2017-11-08T13:59:28.040" Score="7" ViewCount="8437" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; podemos encontrar la siguiente explicación acerca del uso de dos puntos en el saludo de una carta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.4&lt;/strong&gt;. El uso de la coma tras las fórmulas de saludo en cartas y documentos es un anglicismo ortográfico que debe evitarse; en español se emplean los dos puntos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Querido amigo, / Te escribo esta carta para comunicarte... Debe ser: Querido amigo: / Te escribo esta carta para comunicarte...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se menciona allí, el uso de la coma luego del saludo en una carta es usado en el inglés. En el alemán también se usa de esa manera. Quise ver ejemplos algunas lenguas romances distintas al español. No estoy seguro de si son gramaticalmente correctas, pero asumiendo que sí, también ellas usan la coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.francessencillo.com/escribir-cartas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;francés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Monsieur le Chef du personnel,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.digischool.es/documentos/cartas-de-presentacion/empleo/Otro-Ejemplo-de-carta-de-presentacion-en-portugues-339.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;portugués&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exmo Senhor,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/es/Gu%C3%ADa_de_escribir_cartas_en_italiano&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;italiano&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Egregi Signori,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en español usamos los dos puntos? ¿Ha sido esto siempre así o en algún momento compartimos el uso de la coma asó como nuestros lenguajes hermanos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T15:09:05.770" Title="¿Por qué en español se debe usar dos puntos luego del saludo en una carta?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23126" CreationDate="2017-11-08T15:09:05.770" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el idioma español, el uso de los dos puntos (:) en general viene a decir algo así como &quot;por favor, presta atención a lo que voy a decir a continuación&quot;. Si seguimos esta idea general, parece lógico que en los encabezamientos de las cartas comencemos con algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado señor don Fulano [preste atención a lo que viene ahora que le interesa]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y establezcamos esa idea de &quot;preste atención&quot; con los dos puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estimado señor don Fulano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia RAE dice en el DPD que en algunas ocasiones los dos puntos se pueden sustituir por la coma, pero añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre el uso de uno u otro signo está en que con la coma el énfasis desaparece y la expectación creada en el lector con respecto a lo que se va a decir es menor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y desde luego, cuando nos dirigimos a una persona queremos captar su atención sobre lo que vamos a escribir a continuación en la carta. Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/encabezamiento-de-carta-1333/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice la Fundeu&lt;/a&gt; que &quot;cuando el encabezamiento consiste en una frase autoconclusiva, hay quien evita los dos puntos y los sustituye por punto&quot;. Sería el caso de comenzar una carta sin dirigirse a nadie en concreto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buenos días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no siempre fue así. Antiguamente los signos de puntuación simplemente representaban pausas de mayor y menor grado, como se puede leer en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; de 1815:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuera de aquella pausa casi imperceptible con que se separa una palabra de otra [...], se conocen otras cuatro que aumentan en progresión, y se indican con cuatro diversos caractéres: la menos con la &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt;, que se hace así (,): la que sigue á esta con &lt;em&gt;punto y coma&lt;/em&gt; de este modo (;): otra algo mayor con &lt;em&gt;dos puntos&lt;/em&gt; en esta forma (:); y últimamente la mayor de todas con el &lt;em&gt;punto final&lt;/em&gt;, que en las locuciones ordinarias se hace así (.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que por entonces no tenía la connotación de &quot;por favor, preste atención&quot;, sino que era un elemento separador como la coma o el punto y coma. Fíjate además que en el texto que acabo de transcribir se hace uso de los dos puntos para separar los elementos de la enumeración, cosa que hoy día no se hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y cómo se introducían entonces las cartas? Usando el punto o la coma. Fíjate en el prólogo de la &lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; de 1771:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EEML1m.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EEML1m.png&quot; alt=&quot;Señor&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en el prólogo de la primera edición del Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/weXaT.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/weXaT.png&quot; alt=&quot;Desocupado lector&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las ediciones modernas se suele escribir &quot;desocupado lector:&quot;, dado que Cervantes se estaba dirigiendo al lector tratando de captar su atención, como si fuera el inicio de una carta. Sin embargo, el texto original usa una coma, al no existir entonces la figura de los dos puntos con el mismo uso que hoy. En todo caso, estoy buscando en el CORDE y textos del siglo XVI escritos en formato carta sí parecen usar los dos puntos, pero no sé si es por cosa de la transcripción, dado que no puedo ver los originales. Buscando en Google encuentro algunas, y me llama la atención por ejemplo esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hx1irm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hx1irm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;carta&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta imagen podemos ver que el encabezado no va seguido de signo de puntuación alguno, sino que se destaca arriba y centrado (como en el caso de la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T15:09:05.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23042" CreationDate="2017-11-08T18:08:35.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno ya hay una respuesta citando la RAE pero esta fuente que encontré me pareció igual interesante. Es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://is.muni.cz/th/145940/ff_b/diplomova_prace.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documento&lt;/a&gt; acerca de la composición de palabras. En él se explica lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... las vocales átonas finales [a], [e] y [o] pertenecientes al primer constituyente se pueden sustituir por [i]:&#xA;  carirredondo, verdiazul, maniflojo. Pero en realidad no existe ninguna teoría que explique sus condiciones de aplicación de manera satisfactoria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se cita además en ese texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;«Se han dado varias interpretaciones para explicar el papel que desempeña la [i] en este tipo de formaciones. Por ejemplo, se le ha atribuido una función&#xA;  “conjuntiva“ que, aunque probable desde la perspectiva semántica en formas como carricoche- parafraseado como: es un coche y es un carro- o coliflor, no se justifica&#xA;  en otros casos, especialmente en algunos compuestos adjetivales, porque en ellos no se atisba claramente ninguna razón de tipo semántico o fonológico.»&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T18:08:35.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23138" CreationDate="2017-11-08T18:24:30.373" Score="11" ViewCount="16429" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE se explica el significado de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bvx0J4S&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer alguien la vista gorda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Fingir con disimulo que no ha visto algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el DAMER lo menciona también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=vista&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse de la vista gorda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me causa curiosidad lo de &amp;quot;gorda&amp;quot;. No es un adjetivo muy natural para aplicarlo a &lt;em&gt;vista&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cuál puede ser el origen de la frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T11:34:43.160" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;hacerse el de la vista gorda&quot; o &quot;hacer alguien la vista gorda&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22518" CreationDate="2017-11-08T21:08:47.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término no se encuentra (aún) en la RAE pero parece que la palabra es entendida en español. Wordreference tiene una entrada en el diccionario inglés-&amp;gt;español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=decoupage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decoupage, découpage&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; | découpage &lt;em&gt;nm&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;French&lt;/em&gt; (art of varnished collage) | (&lt;em&gt;voz francesa&lt;/em&gt;) collage barnizado &lt;em&gt;nm&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;adj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se da un ejemplo de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hacer un découpage &lt;em&gt;loc verb&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo se puede ver, una de las propuestas es &amp;quot;collage barnizado&amp;quot;. Pero los términos decoupage o découpage son también usados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cervantes.com/libro/9788492678501/arte-del-decoupage-el/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Arte del decoupage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.es/Decoupage-Nueva-Artesan%C3%ADa-Maggie-Pryce/dp/8466230149/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_14_t_0/259-1946253-9147330?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;psc=1&amp;amp;refRID=36T0MP9CCJ1T569FG76K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Decoupage (Nueva Artesanía)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estudiodeartesantiago.com/curso-de-decoupage/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curso de Decoupage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.materialparamanualidades.es/blog/el-decoupage-que-es-para-que-sirve-y-como-aplicarlo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El découpage: qué es, para qué sirve y cómo aplicarlo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en mi opinión la respuesta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) El término existe y se usa, pero no está recogido en el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T21:47:46.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23105" CreationDate="2017-11-08T21:46:02.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como complemento a la respuesta de @Mauricio Martinez he encontrado que la expresión aparece efectivamente en el diccionario de Covarrubias en dos artículos:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;candil&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quando estan muchos candiles encendidos por la casa, suele dezir el señor della, pareciendole que algunos se podian escusar: si esta parida la gata? Y este modo de reprehender las muchas luces, nacio de lo que escriuen los autores, y la experiencia nos muestra, que los ojos de los gatos relumbran de noche mucho, y quando la gata ha parido cinco o seys gatillos, ay muchos ojos relucientes, que parecen lumbres.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en &lt;strong&gt;gata&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quando ay muchas luzes encendidas en la casa, y todas casi juntas; preguntamos si esta parida la gata, porque de noche reluzen mucho los ojos de los gatos. Y estando la gata con sus gatillos, parece que estan ardiendo los ojos de todos, como candelillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sobre &lt;strong&gt;gata parida&lt;/strong&gt;, Covarrubias indica en el mismo artículo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la que està muy flaca dezimos, que està hecha vna gata parida, porque anda muy flaca dando leche a sus gatillos, y dexa de caçar por no apartarse&#xA;  dellos, que aun el mesmo macho se los suele matar; como cuenta Aeliano libro 7. cap.40.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que parece claro que las dos expresiones no están relacionadas, como indicaba @Charlie en el comentario a la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18060" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T21:46:02.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21571" CreationDate="2017-11-08T22:01:02.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A primera vista me parece un pronombre. Del mismo modo que puede haber un doble determinante, como en &quot;todos los participantes&quot;, al omitir el sustantivo y usar pronombres ninguno de los dos debería ser &quot;privilegiado&quot; como para ser uno pronombre y otro adjetivo. Lo cierto es que es complicado decidir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T22:01:02.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23129" CreationDate="2017-11-08T22:22:46.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por una parte, la expresión es antigua. Aparece, por ejemplo, en la primera parte del &lt;em&gt;Guzmán de Alfarache&lt;/em&gt; de Mateo Alemán (1599):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... Y debe de ser así, pues el guarda, el malsín, el cuadrillero, el alguacil, todos lo ven y hacen la &lt;strong&gt;vista gorda&lt;/strong&gt;, sin que alguno la ofenda..&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque no parece haber entrado en el Diccionario de la Lengua hasta 1817.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su origen, y es pura especulación, yo diría que es una contraposición a &lt;strong&gt;afinar la vista&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;aguzar la vista&lt;/strong&gt;, que el CORDE recoge desde antes (Fray Bartolomé de las Casas: Apologética historia sumaria 1527-1550):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... que para verlos había menester aguzar la vista, tan disimulados estaban ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18060" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T22:22:46.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23141" CreationDate="2017-11-09T01:54:40.207" Score="5" ViewCount="1062" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recordaba en estos días la palabra &lt;em&gt;sanseacabó&lt;/em&gt; y al buscar en el DLE, no aparece la etimología de la misma. Revisando en internet, encontré este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blasita.com/origen-de-sanseacabo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sitio&lt;/a&gt;, que plantea hipótesis probables, aunque queda una cierta duda (al ser varias hipótesis y ser solo una fuente, debe revisarse bien).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede ayudarme a buscar el origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;sanseacabó&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T08:01:07.187" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T08:33:34.617" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;sanseacabó&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23129" CreationDate="2017-11-09T02:09:34.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si estoy en lo cierto, pero también algo puedo especular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;gordo&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;gurdus&lt;/em&gt;, que originalmente no tenía que ver con el volumen del cuerpo, sino que significaba &quot;boto&quot;, &quot;obtuso&quot;, es decir, con las puntas romas o poco afiladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y parece que hay una metáfora habitual en la que se relaciona la forma con la sagacidad: &lt;em&gt;gordus&lt;/em&gt; también significaba &quot;necio&quot;. Del mismo modo, en el diccionario, &lt;em&gt;boto&lt;/em&gt; significa tanto &quot;romo&quot; como &quot;rudo o torpe de ingenio o de algún sentido&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Embotar&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;hacer romos los filos&quot; y &quot;enervar, debilitar o hacer menos activo y eficaz algo&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Obtuso&lt;/em&gt; es algo que carece de punta y alguien que tarda en comprender. Al contrario, ser &lt;em&gt;agudo&lt;/em&gt; significa ser &quot;despierto&quot; o &quot;avispado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo la misma dirección de &lt;em&gt;boto&lt;/em&gt;, tal vez &lt;em&gt;gordo&lt;/em&gt; en el pasado también significó &quot;torpe&quot; o &quot;poco efectivo&quot;. Y tal vez &lt;em&gt;hacer la vista gorda&lt;/em&gt; significaba &quot;poner poca atención, tener los sentidos torpes o embotados&quot;, o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T02:09:34.347" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23125" CreationDate="2017-11-09T07:30:02.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;324 296 236&lt;/s&gt; 219 caracteres con bonus de rima&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayer no tenia brío&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;era un lacio cangrejín&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;hoy puedo ser feliz cual crío&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;porque soy bello, nena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu yaya dijo haz caso al corazón&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;sé tu mismo&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Pero hago trizas su razón&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;!Miente!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;prefiero...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brillar&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;cual tesoro hundido bucanero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;lava la cubierta y que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brille&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;luciré cual cuello de mujer de dinero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;solo un tris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elimino el nombre &lt;em&gt;Tomatoa&lt;/em&gt; porque habla de si mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uso &lt;em&gt;ayer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ahora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cambio la comparación de ser &lt;em&gt;feliz como una almeja&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;ser feliz como un crío&lt;/em&gt; que no cambia el significado de la frase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para decir &lt;em&gt;Be who you are on the inside&lt;/em&gt; uso la expresión &lt;em&gt;sé tu mismo&lt;/em&gt; que viene a ser lo mismo mismamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tris:&lt;/strong&gt; Porción muy pequeña de tiempo o de lugar, causa u ocasión levísima; poca cosa, casi nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T13:46:01.417" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-09T07:30:02.683" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23129" CreationDate="2017-11-09T07:52:58.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya desde antiguo se tiene la idea de la &lt;em&gt;granularidad fina&lt;/em&gt; en contraposición a la &lt;em&gt;granularidad gruesa&lt;/em&gt;: algo basto frente a algo fino. Así, hoy día tenemos la locución latina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JZm1qAN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grosso modo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Loc. lat.; literalmente 'de manera burda'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. A bulto, aproximadamente, más o menos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que representa precisamente esta idea: algo que no se ha hilado fino se mantiene en un estadio de &quot;grano gordo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo esta idea, podemos ver en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; expresiones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser de entendimiento &lt;em&gt;gordo&lt;/em&gt;. Phrase con que se explica tener ingénio bronco, nada perspicáz ni agúdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GRUESSO DE INGENIO. Se llama el rudo y tardo en entender y conocer las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas expresiones se ven en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La gloria de vuestra fama&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de metros de vuestra boca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  es, par Dios,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una muy ardiente flama&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que todo el trobar advoca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en loor de sólo vos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con grueso ingenio lo digo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  reçevid el buen talante,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no soy, mi buen amigo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para loaros bastante.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antón de Montoro, &quot;Cancionero&quot;, c1445-1480 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y d'esta manera en la cámara primera, porque si el seso de aquélla es muy frío, es el hombre qual llamamos atronado y tanto quanto es más frío tiene más gruesso el ingenio y quanto menos lo tiene es el ingenio mejor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alonso de Fuentes, &quot;Suma de Filosofía natural&quot;, 1547 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta misma idea se trasladaba al siguiente concepto: un hombre de ojos grandes y abiertos se consideraba más bobalicón que uno con ojos pequeños y cerrados. Véase el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Capitulo .xxviii. de los ojos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los ojos grandes &amp;amp; gruessos &amp;amp; muy abiertos: significan ser el hombre perezoso &#xA;  &amp;amp; algunas vezes osado / inuido: en parte vergonçoso &amp;amp; parte no secreto: habile: auaro / vano: de ligero mintroso: de gran saña: &amp;amp; de mala memoria: de gruesso ingenio: &amp;amp; de poco intellecto: &amp;amp; menos sabio de lo que piensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Tratado médico (Tratado de la patología general)&quot;, a1500 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto presente, podemos imaginar pues lo que significa &quot;hacer la vista gorda&quot;: hacer como que uno tiene los ojos gruesos y por tanto ser de entendimiento gordo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T07:52:58.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23140" CreationDate="2017-11-09T08:04:06.910" Score="1" ViewCount="1055" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extraño una parte de mí, esa que se fue contigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que &quot;Extraño una parte de mí&quot; es una estructura gramaticalmente incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué pensáis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18065" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T09:04:42.150" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T09:04:42.150" Title="¿Es gramaticalmente correcta la frase &quot;Extraño una parte de mí&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23139" CreationDate="2017-11-09T08:24:03.497" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultando &quot;extraño&quot; en el diccionario, podrás ver que además de un adjetivo, también puede ser la primera persona del verbo &lt;strong&gt;extrañar&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HOuhHvr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;extrañar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Echar de menos a alguien o algo, sentir su falta. &lt;em&gt;Lloraba el niño extrañando a sus padres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que, en su segunda acepcion, significa &quot;echar de menos&quot;. La frase se puede escribir como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Echo de menos una parte de mí, esa que se fue contigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay nada gramaticalmente anormal ni incorrecto en esta oración, es perfectamente válida.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa es que sea más o menos difícil entender el significado. Está claro que a quien eso dice no le falta un trozo de cuerpo; lo que quiere decir esta persona es que, al irse la otra, se siente incompleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que en tu pregunta no indicas &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; te parece incorrecta esa estructura. ¿Podrías comentar qué le ves de extraño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T08:24:03.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23135" CreationDate="2017-11-09T08:33:34.617" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión aparece en el DLE en 1925:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SANSEACABÓ. expr. fam. con que se da por terminado un asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en el CORDE podemos encontrar la expresión ya en siglo XIX, curiosamente siempre escrita por parte del mismo autor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ese padre Guatemala es un cubiletero que los trae a ustedes embaucados hablándoles de la otra vida. Eso de que haya otro mundo es pampirolada; pues los hombres no pasamos de ser como los relojes, que rota la cuerda, ¡crac!, san se acabó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ricardo Palma, &quot;Tradiciones peruanas, primera serie&quot;, 1872 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la hemeroteca de la BNE podemos encontrar la expresión en su forma &lt;em&gt;sanseacabó&lt;/em&gt; desde 1875, pero hay casos anteriores en su forma &lt;em&gt;san se acabó&lt;/em&gt;, siendo la primera &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004388551&amp;amp;page=10&amp;amp;search=%22san%20se%20acab%C3%B3%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] este año mandan las armas ó manda Alaix, ó Espartero, ó quien sea, y san-se-acabó [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fr. Gerundio (periódico satírico de política y costumbres). 1/1/1839, página 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay en el diccionario expresiones similares, como por ejemplo esta del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santas &lt;em&gt;Páscuas&lt;/em&gt;. Modo de hablar con que alguno se conforma facilmente, con lo que ha sucedido, ù otro dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El prefijo &lt;em&gt;san&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;santo&lt;/em&gt; se puede usar como adjetivo cuando algo es &quot;útil, deleitable o al gusto&quot;, al estilo de &lt;em&gt;bendito&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esta santa medicina, quedó mi rostro en el color natural que me diste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Catalina de Jesús Herrera, &quot;Secretos entre el alma y Dios&quot;, a 1765 (Ecuador).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, era normal usar expresiones con &quot;se acabó&quot; para terminar discusiones o cosas en general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Deán [...] luego que oyó decir que había indios por los cerros, se vistió de militar, y muy bien armado salió por las calles en busca de sus soldados los clérigos; y se acabó con esto la procesión, que ya estaba empezando [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Copia de carta remitida con propio a la Paz&quot;, 1781 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si aquí no gusta, que se jiben, y se acabó lo que se daba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Valera, &quot;Correspondencia&quot;, 1847-1857 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si unimos el uso de &quot;y se acabó&quot; con el uso de &quot;san/santo&quot; para enfatizar (al estilo de &quot;y santas pascuas&quot;), surge &quot;y sanseacabó&quot;. El uso de &quot;y santas pascuas&quot; para expresar que uno se conforma con algo sucedido se transforma en &quot;y san se acabó&quot;, para indicar que el que tiene que conformarse es la persona con la que hablas, dado que la discusión se terminó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T08:33:34.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15186" CreationDate="2017-11-09T12:18:57.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque las otras respuestas están muy bien y son muy completas, la fuentes que citan, aunque válidas, no son oficiales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Me gustaría por ello enlazar al &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=aparte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo del DPD para la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;aparte&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, y reflejar aquí la hipersencilla regla que viene al final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aparte&lt;/em&gt; se escribe siempre en una sola palabra&lt;/strong&gt;. No debe confundirse con la combinación ocasional de la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; y el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;parte&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Se trata de un camino que no conduce a parte alguna»&lt;/em&gt; (País [Esp.] 6.10.77).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T12:18:57.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23148" CreationDate="2017-11-09T13:54:08.343" Score="-1" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a possibility when we can use both, &quot;cuál&quot; and &quot;que&quot;&#xA;at the &lt;strong&gt;same&lt;/strong&gt; time with &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18066" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T14:07:28.527" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T16:13:43.113" Title="Que, cuál, difference and at the same time" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-12T16:59:46.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23145" CreationDate="2017-11-09T14:07:54.157" Score="2" ViewCount="1851" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Una mala idea o algo sin sentido lo nombramos comunmente como algo &amp;quot;descabellado&amp;quot;. El DLE explica su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CZo4FB6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descabellado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del part. de &lt;em&gt;descabellar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que va fuera de orden, concierto o razón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allí se menciona que el término viene del participio de un verbo en desuso &amp;quot;descabellar:&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CZtcAjt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descabellar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;des&lt;/em&gt;- y &lt;em&gt;cabello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Despeinar, desgreñar. Era u. m. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la página &lt;a href=&quot;https://sigificadoyorigen.wordpress.com/2010/06/01/una-idea-descabellada/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Significado y Origen de Expresiones Famosas&lt;/a&gt; encontré una posible explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Una idea descabellada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica discursiva de la población se desacredita un proyecto o una propuesta con esta frase. Al decir descabellada refiriéndose a una idea, algo inmaterial, cuesta componer la figura mental de algo así como un pensamiento calvo. El tema es que descabellada significa no tener pelos y como los cabellos están sujetos al cuero que cubre el cráneo, decir descabellado es como decir que no tiene cabeza, por eso las ideas descabelladas proviene de personas sin cerebro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi problema con dicha explicación es que dice: &amp;quot;descabellada significa no tener pelos&amp;quot;. Eso no es lo que dice el DLE. Además, el razonamiento que siguen para concluir que descabellado es como no tener cabeza no me termina de convencer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, si parto de la definición para &amp;quot;descabellar&amp;quot; en el DLE tendría que pensar en una idea despeinada o desgreñada, lo cual también se entiende metafóricamente, pero me hace preguntar si hay otra explicación más literal, o si hay alguna asociación que me estoy perdiendo ¿Es correcta la explicación de la página que referencio o hay algun otro origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T18:37:58.670" Title="¿Por qué una mala idea es una idea &quot;descabellada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23144" CreationDate="2017-11-09T14:43:43.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso que en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, la palabra &lt;em&gt;descabellado&lt;/em&gt; signifique simplemente &quot;el que trae el cabello rebuelto [sic] y desgreñado&quot;. Y ya en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, tomo D-F (1732), se diga:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DESCABELLADO, DA. adj. Desgreñado. Desmelenado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  DESCABELLADO. Se toma tambien por lo que vá fuera de orden, concierto y razón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  DESCABELLADO. Vale tambien desproporcionado, por mui grande ò vehemente: y se toma con freqüéncia por los últimos y mui fuertes dolóres que padecen las mugéres en el parto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún momento entre estos dos puntos debió de producirse el cambio. Veamos si encontramos algo en el CORDE. Si limitamos la búsqueda a textos hasta 1600 (la época de Covarrubias), encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... et con las sus vnnas se rascaua et se despedaçaua los sus muyt tiernos labros, et descabellada se messaua fuertment et se arrancaua los cabellos de la carne.&lt;/em&gt; (1376-1396)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... vestidas de duelo, las caras rompidas, coronas d'esparto e sogas çeñidas, &#xA;  descalças e rotas e descabelladas, e tristes, amargas e desconsoladas...&lt;/em&gt; (a 1435)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... vieron venir a una muger desnuda y descabellada, corriendo, dando bozes...&lt;/em&gt; (a 1504)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... veo a las dueñas y donzellas todas descabelladas, con las caras llenas de sangre...&lt;/em&gt; (1511)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque sea deshonrada en la tierra, descabellada, desnuda y afeada, aquél por cuyo amor yo sufro esto, tomará de ti venganza, enemigo de justicia, y te dará tu merecido.&lt;/em&gt; (1583)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero es que me resulta curioso que prácticamente todos los casos se refieran a mujeres. Lo segundo es que, si bien es cierto que la palabra se usaba literalmente como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;desgreñada&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;despeinada&lt;/em&gt;, los ejemplos son bastante gráficos en cuanto al motivo del &lt;em&gt;despeine&lt;/em&gt;. Una mujer &lt;em&gt;descabellada&lt;/em&gt; no lo estaba por voluntad propia, sino por haber sido objeto de algún sufrimiento. De ahí que a partir de 1600 se comiencen a encontrar textos con la palabra como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;dolores fuertes&lt;/em&gt;, como indica el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... pues sin considerar que estoy en lo más descabellado de los dolores, no digo del aprieto de mis deudas, sino del parto de mis esperanzas...&lt;/em&gt; (1613-1626)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿En las buenas nuevas risas y risa en los dolores descabellados?&lt;/em&gt; (1633)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La causa está clara: sufres unos dolores tan fuertes que te retuerces y acabas con el pelo revuelto. El cambio hacia el sentido que nos ocupa lo puedes ver en frases como la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... en espeçial cantidad de mugeres corriendo descabelladas y gritando, como suçede en lugares que se saquean...&lt;/em&gt; (c 1618)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al correr como locas, las mujeres del texto se despeinaban, y ese &lt;em&gt;despeine&lt;/em&gt; quedaba como sinónimo de algo que se hace sin orden ni concierto. Y ese cambio que ahora podemos comprender como una evolución lógica no tardó en llegar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su descabellado enredo / en dubias inundaciones, / si hace al oro que se anegue, / hace al carmín que se ahogue.&lt;/em&gt; (a 1659)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mayor era sin comparación su buena industria, en meter paces entre algunos indios que andaban en guerras, cuanto eran más descabelladas las razones en que se fundaban, que á no tenerlos bien conocidos, fuera imposible meterlos en camino.&lt;/em&gt; (1676)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T10:09:14.143" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T10:09:14.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23144" CreationDate="2017-11-09T15:10:02.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first definition of &lt;em&gt;descabellar&lt;/em&gt; in the DLE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Taurom. Matar instantáneamente al toro, hiriéndolo en la cerviz con la punta de la espada o con la puntilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This concept of severing the head from the spinal column seems to me to correspond to the meaning of &lt;em&gt;Que va fuera de orden, concierto o razón&lt;/em&gt; mentioned in the question. After all if you have just lost the connection between your brain and the rest of your body ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T15:10:02.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23143" CreationDate="2017-11-09T15:32:22.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Structurally speaking, you can, same as in English. However there could be a slight difference in the concreteness answer you will get with either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance; when asking some one about the shoes s/he will wear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuáles zapatos vas a usar?  - &lt;em&gt;(Which shoes will you wear?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you are implying a limited set of shoes from which the person you are asking should pick from. This indicates that you are expecting a concrete answer (Something like: &quot;This pair&quot; or &quot;My favorite red ones&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Que zapatos vas a usar?  - &lt;em&gt;(What shoes will you wear?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, this case is not specifying a limited universe of shoes to pick from, its a way more open question, so the answer you might get could be not concrete as you might expect (Something like &quot;The ones that match my purse&quot; or &quot;high heels&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in most cases you can use them interchangeably without any noticeable differences. So don't over think it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="617" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T15:32:22.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23143" CreationDate="2017-11-09T15:35:15.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Cuál&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; can be used when asking to pick one of several objects, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Qué&lt;/strong&gt; puerta quieres abrir?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuál&lt;/strong&gt; puerta quieres abrir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two sentences mean exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that both words carry an orthographic accent, since they are introducing a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further uses, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qk0FlcFcQD609NQOWs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the DPD article on &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explains when is it equivalent to &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Antepuesto a un sustantivo, funciona como adjetivo interrogativo. En ese caso equivale a &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=O6eco2ky2D6USmsCih&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué&lt;/a&gt;), y su uso es mucho más frecuente en América que en España: &lt;em&gt;«—Queremos ver a la muchacha. —¿Cuál muchacha?»&lt;/em&gt; (Fuentes Cristóbal [Méx. 1987]); &lt;em&gt;«Oyó hablar a las primas con naturalidad de cuáles parejas de la familia seguían haciendo el amor»&lt;/em&gt; (GaMárquez Amor [Col. 1985]); &lt;em&gt;«Sabía de cuál imbécil me estaba hablando»&lt;/em&gt; (Grandes Edades [Esp. 1989]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Cual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cual&lt;/em&gt; can be, in most cases, replaced with &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; when it is preceded by a definite article (with number and gender variability) to refer to something previously introduced. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuéntame ese chiste del &lt;strong&gt;cual&lt;/strong&gt; nos reímos tanto ayer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuéntame ese chiste del &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; nos reímos tanto ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es una sugerencia con la &lt;strong&gt;cual&lt;/strong&gt; estoy completamente de acuerdo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esa es una sugerencia con la &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; estoy completamente de acuerdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also works in plural, but then it would be &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;cuales&lt;/em&gt;, instead of &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo dos bicicletas, de las &lt;strong&gt;cuales&lt;/strong&gt; una está rota y la otra no funciona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tengo dos bicicletas, de las &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; una está rota y la otra no funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=HIfkupNx9D60DqyH9R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The DPD article on &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explains the cases in which it cannot be replaced with &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Cuál&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Cual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Graphical accents in Spanish are used sometimes to tell apart different meanings or even purposes of the same word.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; are written with an accent when they have an interrogative or exclamative function, and in some other specific cases (which you can find in the articles linked above).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, you cannot substitute an accented &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; for a plain &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, nor an accented &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; for a plain &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;: if one of the words is written with an accent and the other is not, they don't mean the same anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T16:13:43.113" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T16:13:43.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-09T16:11:55.533" Score="7" ViewCount="3386" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una conversación en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ha quedado patente que media España dice &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BkPMgIE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;currusco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y la otra media dice &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BmBFJzk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuscurro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a lo mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Parte del pan más tostada que corresponde a los extremos o al borde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE, la palabra &lt;em&gt;currusco&lt;/em&gt; redirige a &lt;em&gt;cuscurro&lt;/em&gt;, lo que podría hacer pensar que esta última es anterior (o a lo mejor la más usada). Sin embargo, tanto &lt;em&gt;currusco&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;cuscurro&lt;/em&gt; dice que provienen de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B0vZF0w&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;corrusco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que dice que es de origen onomatopéyico, aunque su significado redirige de nuevo a &lt;em&gt;cuscurro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto parece que inicialmente fue &lt;em&gt;corrusco&lt;/em&gt;, pero de entre las variantes, ¿qué fue antes? ¿El &lt;em&gt;currusco&lt;/em&gt; o el &lt;em&gt;cuscurro&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T18:18:51.200" LastActivityDate="2020-04-03T16:11:16.027" Title="¿Qué fue antes, el &quot;currusco&quot; o el &quot;cuscurro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21571" CreationDate="2017-11-10T09:04:41.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZxVCoJq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todo, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE nos da la respuesta exacta a esta pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. indef. Indica la totalidad de los miembros del conjunto denotado por el sintagma nominal al que modifica. U. con sintagmas nominales definidos en plural. &lt;em&gt;Leyó todos los artículos. Todos ellos acudieron a la cita.&lt;/em&gt; U. a veces en lenguaje literario tras el nombre. &lt;em&gt;Sus hijos todos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podemos ver, la entrada del diccionario nos da incluso dos ejemplos muy similares a los de la pregunta. Por tanto, se trata de un &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo indefinido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-09T11:44:30.910" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T11:44:30.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23125" CreationDate="2017-11-10T09:55:58.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;263 259&lt;/s&gt; 237 (&lt;s&gt;237 234&lt;/s&gt; 214 con bonus)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tamatoa siempre mono no fue&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Era un gris cangrejito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Feliz cual almeja puedo ser, ya sé&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues soy lindo, nena  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dijo tu yaya: oye tu corazón&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sé tu ser&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1 voz para partir su razón&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Mintió!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mejor...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lucir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual tesoro de naufragio pirata&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Friega el piso y hazlo...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lucir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fulgiré cual cuello de la flor y nata&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espera!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T10:04:27.440" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T10:04:27.440" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-10T09:55:58.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23170" CreationDate="2017-11-10T10:33:44.957" Score="4" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23144/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; una mala idea es una idea &amp;quot;descabellada&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; vimos la palabra &lt;em&gt;desgreñar&lt;/em&gt;, que según el DLE significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D2C7BXo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desgreñar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;greña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Descomponer, desordenar los cabellos. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A su vez, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JWeW9dC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;greña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Etim. disc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cabellera revuelta y mal compuesta. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí surgen además otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;greñudo&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;que tiene greñas&quot;). Sin embargo, me resulta curioso que la palabra esté marcada como &quot;de etimología discutida&quot;. ¿Es posible conocer cuáles son esas etimologías que se están debatiendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?gren.a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario etimológico español en línea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comenta lo siguiente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... parece tener un origen celta y estar emparentado con &lt;em&gt;grend&lt;/em&gt; (barba, en irlandés antiguo), &lt;em&gt;greann&lt;/em&gt; (barba en irlandés), &lt;em&gt;grön&lt;/em&gt; (bigote en nórdico) y &lt;em&gt;grenon&lt;/em&gt; (barba en francés antiguo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esta la teoría que se baraja en la RAE? ¿Se pueden conocer más detalles sobre la misma, o qué razones se argumentan para apoyarla? ¿Hay alguna otra teoría sobre su origen que se esté debatiendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T21:29:19.170" Title="¿Cuáles son las posibles etimologías de &quot;greña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23153" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-10T12:00:12.140" Score="5" ViewCount="19364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una duda que ha surgido con un grupo de personas es con respecto a la conocida consola PlayStation y en cuanto a cómo deberíamos referirnos sobre este objeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forma larga - “La PlayStation” o “El PlayStation”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forma abreviada - “La Play” o “El Play”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces aparecieron dos grandes argumentos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Debería ser “la” por el simple hecho de que es una consola y eso lo hace género femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sería “el” porque PlayStation o Play como se le llama también abreviando, serían masculinos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabría realmente que es lo correcto y explicar por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T12:35:49.450" LastActivityDate="2020-06-01T18:12:45.847" Title="¿Cómo se dice “La Playstation” o “El Playstation”?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23153" CreationDate="2017-11-10T12:15:17.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;PlayStation&quot; es un nombre propio, extranjero para más señas, y por tanto no tiene género &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;, igual que (por ejemplo) el nombre &quot;Jose&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo que le confiere el género es la persona u objeto así llamado. Y así, diremos (mal dicho, porque los nombres propios de personas no suelen llevar artículo, pero es un ejemplo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; Jose&quot; si es &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; hombre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; Jose&quot; si es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; mujer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que planteas, por tanto, diremos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; PlayStation&quot; porque es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; videoconsola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T12:15:17.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23153" CreationDate="2017-11-10T12:49:17.557" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso de los nombres propios, son los usuarios del lenguaje los que le confieren a la palabra un género, por así decirlo. En este caso, dado que &quot;PlayStation&quot; hace referencia a una consola de videojuegos, se suele usar &quot;la PlayStation&quot; omitiendo la palabra &quot;consola&quot;. Así lo podemos ver en ejemplos extraídos del CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toshiba y Sony ya han cooperado en el desarrollo y la producción del procesador para la PlayStation 2.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Prensa. Suplemento de Informática, 20/03/2001 (Nicaragua).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tras la exposición prolongada a las 16 horas de la primera temporada se han descrito efectos secundarios como un impulso por desempolvar el traje de la comunión o intentos de sustituir la PlayStation 2 por los Juegos Reunidos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País. El País de las Tentaciones, 30/05/2003 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible usar también el nombre propio sin artículo, del mismo modo que no usamos artículo con nuestros propios nombres:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Durante 2004 haremos un gran esfuerzo de mercadotecnia para ampliar la base de jugadores en red con PlayStation 2.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País, 01/04/2004 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no quita para que se pueda usar, en ocasiones, el artículo masculino si la palabra que se omite se considera otra, como podría ser &quot;el sistema PlayStation&quot;. Encontramos también algún caso así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que no sería apropiado introducir un nuevo producto cuando al PlayStation le está yendo muy bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Excélsior, 18/01/1997 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso parece que se refiere a &quot;el producto PlayStation&quot;. En todo caso, yo diría que la norma general ahora mismo es usar &quot;la PlayStation&quot; (omitiendo &quot;consola&quot;) u omitir el artículo. Suele ser también la tónica general para el resto de consolas de videojuegos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Nintendo DS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Xbox 360.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La GameCube.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Switch/Wii.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Dreamcast.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Master System II.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T12:49:17.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23160" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:12:10.037" Score="5" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://vertele.eldiario.es/verteletv/Polonia-dedica-Junqueras-exconsellers-encarcelados_2_1956724309.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Polònia dedica su sketch final a Junqueras y los exconsellers encarcelados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, where they talk about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Catalan TV show&lt;/a&gt; where a sketch about jailed politicians took place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We all know what a sketch is in a context of TV shows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a short play or slight dramatic performance, as one forming part of a vaudeville program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/sketch?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thesaurus.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I struggle to find a correspondence in Spanish. Even &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=sketch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; mentions &lt;em&gt;sketch&lt;/em&gt; as the &amp;quot;standard&amp;quot; translation into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought about &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B36eFH7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, short for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3AHvXk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cortometraje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but this applies to movies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any native Spanish word for &lt;em&gt;sketch&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T20:54:52.230" Title="&quot;Sketch&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23156" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:21:35.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por recuperar un término algo desusado, ¿qué tal este?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FmbyiDZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entremés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Pieza teatral de carácter cómico y de un solo acto, que originalmente se representaba en el entreacto de una comedia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale que el término se usa en televisión y no en el teatro, pero a fin de cuentas hablamos de piezas de corta duración en las que actores interpretan papeles cómicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:21:35.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23153" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:37:47.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los casos en que utilizamos una marca o unas siglas para referirnos a un objeto, el género suele ser el mismo que el de la palabra que sustituimos con esa marca. En este caso, se trata de una consola de videojuegos: por tanto, sustituimos &lt;em&gt;la consola&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;la PlayStation&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro del mismo campo semántico, esto lo vemos con mucha claridad con las siglas PC. En los países en que predomina el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; solemos decir &lt;em&gt;el PC&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que donde es más habitual el uso de &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; suele decirse &lt;em&gt;la PC&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:37:47.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23156" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:53:09.693" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23157/5481&quot;&gt;Charlie's answer&lt;/a&gt;, the correspondence in Spanish is the accepted anglicism &lt;code&gt;sketch&lt;/code&gt;. From DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y32fnaH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sketch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz ingl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Escena &lt;strong&gt;breve&lt;/strong&gt;, normalmente &lt;strong&gt;cómica&lt;/strong&gt;, que con otras de las mismas características se integra en un conjunto teatral, cinematográfico o televisivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could indicate that there is no direct equivalent in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is indeed difficult to find in Spanish something that conveys at the same time &amp;quot;Escena breve&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;cómica&amp;quot; which could be applied to either theater, cinema or TV, since for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QiamBaG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;número&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Cada una de las partes o actuaciones de que se compone el programa de un espectáculo público&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;doesn't convey &lt;em&gt;brevity&lt;/em&gt; nor the essence of &lt;em&gt;humor&lt;/em&gt;. Same with &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0cnCBhK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acto&lt;/a&gt; in its fourth aception (&lt;em&gt;Cada una de las partes principales en que se pueden dividir las obras escénicas.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you also have &lt;code&gt;farsa&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HeYCX04&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;farsa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Obra de teatro &lt;strong&gt;cómica&lt;/strong&gt;, generalmente &lt;strong&gt;breve&lt;/strong&gt; y de carácter satírico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which as Chalie's answer originally applies to &lt;strong&gt;theater&lt;/strong&gt;, but probably can be used  in other media like TV, cinema or Internet. Similarly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X07vOPP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sainete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Obra teatral en uno o más actos, &lt;strong&gt;frecuentemente cómica&lt;/strong&gt;, de ambiente y &lt;strong&gt;personajes populares&lt;/strong&gt;, que se representa como función independiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pieza dramática en un acto, de &lt;strong&gt;carácter popular y burlesco&lt;/strong&gt;, que se representaba como intermedio o al final de una función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which could apply better in this case due to the connotations of using &amp;quot;popular characters&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T15:28:08.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23095" CreationDate="2017-11-10T23:09:30.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic&lt;/em&gt; de Guus Kroonen (Leiden, 2013) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bulgari-istoria-2010.com/Rechnici/A_Lyubotski_Proto_Germanik_dict.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;) la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt; deriva del protogermánico &lt;em&gt;*bakan-&lt;/em&gt;, de la raíz &lt;em&gt;*baka-&lt;/em&gt; &quot;espalda&quot;; &quot;bacon, tocino&quot; aparece como &lt;em&gt;bahho&lt;/em&gt; en alto alemán antiguo. (La palabra alemana moderna para el tocino es &lt;em&gt;Speck&lt;/em&gt;.) Esta raíz fue tomada prestada por el eslavo y su significado pasó de &quot;espalda&quot; a &quot;flanco&quot; (el tocino puede provenir precisamente de la espalda o de los flancos del cerdo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2BAu0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2BAu0.png&quot; alt=&quot;*baka-&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en el Wikcionario dice que el latín medieval &lt;em&gt;*ba(c)cō&lt;/em&gt; (gen. &lt;em&gt;*bacōnis&lt;/em&gt;) es un préstamo del fráncico &lt;em&gt;*bakō&lt;/em&gt; &quot;jamón, costado de un animal&quot;. El fráncico es una lengua germánica de la rama occidental hablado entre los siglos IV y VIII d. C. que aportó muchos préstamos al francés antiguo e influyó en general a las lenguas romances habladas en la Galia en ese período.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen: la palabra es de origen germánico (con una raíz muy antigua). El latín medieval la tomó del fráncico y la pasó al francés antiguo, de donde pudo pasar al inglés quizá durante el período de dominio normando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferenciación en dos acepciones que hace el DLE parece deberse a que la misma palabra puede haber entrado al castellano directamente desde el latín medieval, por un lado, y desde el inglés, más recientemente, por el otro. En el CORDE hay una sola aparición de &lt;em&gt;bacon&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=111117%5C000%5CC003O11112017000328077.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bacon%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en un texto del siglo XIV&lt;/a&gt;, y luego nada &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=2&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=111117%5C000%5CC003O11112017000328077.1172.1168&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bacon%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hasta el s. XVII&lt;/a&gt;, y después apenas un puñado más hasta el s. XX. ¿Tendrá esto que ver con estas dos acepciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T23:09:30.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23162" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23163" CreationDate="2017-11-11T01:13:43.950" Score="0" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it correct to say “Me basta con que escribeme una vez al mes”? Given there's a &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; before the verb, shouldn't it be written in the present subjuntive (escríbame)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; appropriate in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18072" LastEditorUserId="18072" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T01:50:20.007" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T15:15:41.997" Title="Escribir en presente de subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23162" CreationDate="2017-11-11T15:15:41.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct form for the sentence, if the intended meaning is &quot;It is enough (for me) if you write (to me) once a month&quot;, is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me basta con que me escribas una vez al mes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb form &lt;em&gt;escribas&lt;/em&gt; is in the subjunctive mood, present tense, second person singular. The non-emphatic pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; must be proclitic (i. e. it must come before the verb) here, as in most cases. You use the enclitic pronouns (i. e. after the verb, and written as one word) in the imperative mood, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escríbeme una vez al mes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive, as you see, very often appears within a subordinate phrase headed by the word &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (such as &lt;em&gt;Me basta con que…&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Te pido que…&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Me gustaría mucho que…&lt;/em&gt;). The imperative cannot go inside a subordinate like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note well that &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; mean that the following verb must be in the subjunctive. That's not even a good rule of thumb for most cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escríbeme&lt;/em&gt; is in the imperative mood, not the subjunctive. &lt;em&gt;Escríbame&lt;/em&gt; is its formal equivalent (it's what you'd say to someone you're referring to as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;). Since &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, though second person, takes third-person verb forms, the formal imperative is formed using the subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escríbame pronto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Write&lt;sub&gt;(formal)&lt;/sub&gt; to me soon.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Le pido que me escriba pronto.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I ask you&lt;sub&gt;(formal)&lt;/sub&gt; to write to me soon.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in &lt;em&gt;Me basta con que me escribas…&lt;/em&gt;, you can drop &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; and the meaning will be the same. You can also drop either one of the pronouns &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; and the meaning will be mostly the same as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T15:15:41.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23166" CreationDate="2017-11-11T17:03:49.830" Score="4" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the proper verb for &quot;being an anfitrión&quot;, i.e. to receive guests, to host somebody, to be a host? I didn't find direct cognate word. Is there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=host&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt; gives following two words in that sense: &lt;em&gt;alojar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Hospedar&lt;/em&gt; seems most relevant for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8525" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T00:25:23.120" Title="Verb for anfitrión" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-11T17:33:35.447" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is used in Mexican Spanish instead of the “os” to form the second person plural with an indirect object? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most sources online point to “os” but in many Spanish speaking countries this is not used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am living in Mexico and I don’t ever hear the “os” used. I have heard “los”, “las”, and “les” but wasn’t quite sure how to use them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18075" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T13:46:58.953" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T13:46:59.213" Title="Using second person plural with indirect objects" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23164" CreationDate="2017-11-11T17:59:49.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hospedar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alojar&lt;/em&gt; both refer to being a host in the sense of receiving guests/visitors and/or giving them lodging/accomodation. Neither of them refer to being a host in the much broader sense that &lt;em&gt;host&lt;/em&gt; has in English, but &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt; is much closer, since &lt;em&gt;alojar&lt;/em&gt; just means &quot;to provide a place&quot; (also &lt;em&gt;dar/proveer/brindar alojamiento&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;anfitrión&lt;/em&gt; are not as directly related (semantically) as &lt;em&gt;host&lt;/em&gt; (the verb) and &lt;em&gt;host&lt;/em&gt; (the noun) are in English. You might refer to Russia as the &lt;em&gt;anfitrión&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;anfitriona&lt;/em&gt;?) of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, but you wouldn't say &lt;em&gt;«Rusia hospedará la Copa Mundial de la FIFA»&lt;/em&gt;. In such cases you're better off just using the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other contexts &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly OK, but it's most natural to use it when there's a personal relationship between the host and the guests: it sounds a bit weird to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hotel me hospedó durante dos semanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but you would naturally say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis amigos me hospedaron durante dos semanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(For the former, you would say rather &lt;em&gt;«Me hospedé en el hotel durante dos semanas»&lt;/em&gt;, with &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt; in the pronominal or pseudo-reflexive form. The latter would work as well as &lt;em&gt;«Me hospedé en lo de unos amigos durante dos semanas»&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would likewise say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mis amigos fueron muy buenos anfitriones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hotel fue un muy buen anfitrión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etymologically &lt;em&gt;host&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hospedar&lt;/em&gt; are cognates; &lt;em&gt;host&lt;/em&gt; comes to English via French (it has the same root as &lt;em&gt;hospital[ity]&lt;/em&gt;), and the corresponding Proto-Indoeuropean root (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/*ghos-ti-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;*ghos-ti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) is the source of English &lt;em&gt;guest&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T00:25:23.120" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T00:25:23.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23366" CreationDate="2017-11-11T18:23:24.310" Score="3" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nos llega hoy la (para mí) triste &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2017/11/11/actualidad/1510356335_044866.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;noticia de la muerte de Chiquito de la Calzada&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sit tibi terra levis&lt;/em&gt;, maestro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de que su humor nos pudiera hacer gracia o no, es innegable su impacto en la manera de hablar de todo un país.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Palabros como &quot;fistro&quot;, &quot;diodenal&quot;, &quot;agromenauer&quot;, &quot;jarl&quot;... y expresiones como &quot;por la gloria de mi madre&quot; o &quot;pecador de la pradera&quot; pasaron a formar parte de la jerga popular de 40 millones de personas; y otras palabras, aunque ya las sabíamos, se nos hacían nuevas cuando las colaba él en algún chiste. Véase por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=cobarde&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Ccobarde%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcobarde%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCobarde%3B%2Cc0#t4%3B%2Ccobarde%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcobarde%3B%2Cc1%3B%3BCobarde%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el resurgir de &quot;cobarde&quot; desde mediados de los 90&lt;/a&gt; (Chiquito empezó a salir por televisión en 1994).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No muchos paisanos pueden jactarse de algo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual me lleva, en parte por curiosidad y en parte como homenaje, a plantear mi pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;¿se ha llegado a plantear de manera seria la inclusión en el DLE, como nueva palabra (por ej. &quot;fistro&quot;) o como nueva acepción (de por ej. &quot;torpedo&quot;), de alguna de las expresiones que usaba Chiquito de la Calzada?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Qué argumentos podrían darse a favor o en contra? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T13:06:05.173" Title="¿Se ha planteado incluir en el DLE las expresiones de Chiquito de la Calzada? ¿Por qué?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23167" CreationDate="2017-11-11T21:02:23.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio no veo por qué no, si es que su uso perdura y no es una &lt;em&gt;moda pasajera&lt;/em&gt;. Al menos ese el argumento que dió la RAE hace años (no dispongo de fuentes, pero lo escuché en vivo y en directo en su momento) cuando se planteó si incluirían en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7irKN7s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carroza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5. f. coloq. Persona vieja o anticuada. U. t. c. s. m. y f. U. t. c. adj.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y finalmente la incluyeron en el año 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18079" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T21:02:23.880" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23152" CreationDate="2017-11-11T21:23:46.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Corominas, en su &quot;Diccionario Etimológico&quot; le dedica al tema 2 páginas. No sigo bien sus razonamientos, pero tras indicar que &lt;strong&gt;GREÑA&lt;/strong&gt;, palabra  emparentada  con  el  &lt;strong&gt;radical céltico  GRENN&lt;/strong&gt; 'pelo  en  la  cara'  que  permiten  suponer  las  lenguas  célticas  insulares,  pero  como  hay dificultades  fonéticas  y  el  cast.  greña  y  el  port. grenha no  se  documentan antes del S. XVI,  es  probable que deban considerarse estas  formas  romances como derivados  retrógrados  del  cast.  ant.  greñón, griñón,  port.  ant.  grenhon,  granhon,  grinhon  'cabello',  'barba',  los  cuales  representan  un celto-Íatino *GRENNIO,  -ONIS,  derivado  del  citado  radical  céltico.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante contrasta lo tardío de la primera aparición en castellano de &lt;strong&gt;greña&lt;/strong&gt; frente a la mayor antigüedad de &lt;strong&gt;greñón&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;griñón&lt;/strong&gt;, y analiza un posible étimo *GRENNOS (con &quot;e&quot; breve) para concluir que no es posible un paso directo de *GRENNOS a &lt;strong&gt;greña&lt;/strong&gt; y concluye (o al menos, a mi me lo parece), que en las lenguas romances &quot;...solo permiten  postular una  &lt;strong&gt;base  *GRENNO,  -ONIS  (galorrománica)&lt;/strong&gt;,  o &lt;strong&gt;*GRENNIO,  -ONIS (iberorrománica)&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que tenemos como posibilidades&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;el radical céltico GRENN, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;la base galorrománica *GRENNO&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;o la base iberorrománica *GRENNIO.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18079" LastEditorUserId="18079" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T21:29:19.170" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T21:29:19.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-11T21:43:55.583" Score="5" ViewCount="2080" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned to pronounce “ll” like the “y” in &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;, but I know others who pronounce it like the “j” in &lt;em&gt;jelly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’ve noticed for ESL speakers this can also affect their ability to pronounce certain English words, such as “yellow” (it sounds like they’re saying “jello”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T23:02:43.197" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T03:39:06.113" Title="Which parts of México pronounce “ll” (like in tortilla) as “j” instead of “y”?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;yeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23144" CreationDate="2017-11-11T22:19:43.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Especulación, sin fundamento que lo soporte. ¿Podría tener relación con que una mala idea haría que la gente se arrepintiera, &lt;strong&gt;mesándose las barbas&lt;/strong&gt;, y &lt;strong&gt;tirándose del pelo&lt;/strong&gt; (y así, quedando el pelo sin orden ni concierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18079" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T18:37:58.670" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T18:37:58.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23171" CreationDate="2017-11-11T23:01:46.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;ᴛᴏᴏ ʟᴏɴɢ, ᴅɪᴅɴ’ᴛ ʀᴇᴀᴅ&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short story is that Spanish speakers’ habit of pronouncing English &lt;em&gt;yellow&lt;/em&gt; like &lt;em&gt;jello&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not about the region&lt;/strong&gt; but rather about what happens to that sound whenever it shows up at the very start of an utterance, or after an  ‹n› or  ‹l›. Despite appearances, this is actually unrelated to how all of Mexico treats words spelled with ‹ll› in the same way as they treat words spelled with ‹y›. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;All About &lt;em&gt;Affrication&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m afraid that your question is just like asking which parts of the United States pronounce “did you” as “didja”.  It’s not really a regional thing so much as it is one conditioned by other factors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, whoever suggested that you pronounce the ‹ll› in Spanish &lt;em&gt;tortilla&lt;/em&gt; like the ‹y› from English &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt; was at best presenting you with an off-the-cuff approximation just to get you started. The actual Spanish sound isn’t usually precisely like the English one, but the way it differs isn’t something your ears will be attuned to as an English speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;International Phonetic Alphabet&lt;/a&gt; to talk about sounds, because we can’t do so using letters from the English alphabet. The IPA has a one-to-one correspondence between each written letter and each spoken sound, but the English language quite notoriously does not. So I’ll often use IPA for the pronunciations below since otherwise we just don’t have the “vocabulary” to discuss this, and I’d risk confusing you as badly as your earlier instructor has done. These are small differences, but until they happen in your mouth without thinking, you’ll always sound like you have a heavy, foreign accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mention this up front because the sound you spell with the letter ‹y› in English is in the International Phonetic Alphabet spelled [j], whereas the letter ‹j› in English is spelled [d͡ʒ] in IPA (and the tie mark above the two letters [dj] is often omitted). So for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The normal pronunciation of the English word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; is written [&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ɛt] in IPA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The normal pronunciation of the English word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; is written [&lt;strong&gt;dʒ&lt;/strong&gt;ɛt] in IPA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In answering why a native Spanish speaker would pronounce the English word &lt;em&gt;yellow&lt;/em&gt; so that it sounds like the English word &lt;em&gt;jello&lt;/em&gt; to you, we have to go beyond any regional pronunciation and discuss certain general phonetic characteristics of the language because what you’re hearing is about the language’s overall phonology, not about any particular region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Conditioned affrication&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most important factors that bring out what you’ve called “the J sound” is when a word beginning with the sound you’ve asked about is &lt;strong&gt;the very first (or &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt;) word&lt;/strong&gt; in the sentence. If you asked who wanted ice cream and somebody speaks up and says &lt;em&gt;“¡Yo!”&lt;/em&gt; emphatically, that word can easily come out sounding more like the start of the English word &lt;em&gt;judge&lt;/em&gt; than the one at the start of the English word &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because a single word spoken in isolation is pronounced in an emphatic way, it can be difficult to get a native Spanish speaker to say the English word &lt;em&gt;yellow&lt;/em&gt; in a way that doesn’t sound to you like they’re saying the English word &lt;em&gt;jello&lt;/em&gt;, or the word &lt;em&gt;Yale&lt;/em&gt; (meaning the university) in a way that doesn't sound like the English word &lt;em&gt;jail&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although to you these are two different sounds altogether, to a native Spanish speaker the two sounds are interchangeable variants (we call these &lt;em&gt;allophones&lt;/em&gt;) of the same underlying phoneme. You can swap those sounds without changing which word they perceive was spoken. It’s phonemes that determine which word it is, not allophones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sound at the start of English &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt; is an unstable one, and not just in Spanish, which is why English speakers normally say &lt;em&gt;didja&lt;/em&gt; when speaking &lt;em&gt;did you&lt;/em&gt; quickly or casually. Phoneticist sometimes refer to this sound as &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt;, and it is responsible for a great many of the characteristic changes to Spanish spelling and pronunciation compared with Latin. The fundamental instability of the so-called “yod” sound accounts for the many new diphthongs in Spanish compared with Latin. It’s also responsible for the Spanish spellings ‹ñ› and ‹ll›.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fancy word phoneticists use for the sorts of consonant sounds like the start of English &lt;em&gt;cheek&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;judge&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;affrication&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You’re apt to hear an affricated sound in the Spanish words &lt;em&gt;inyección&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;inyectar&lt;/em&gt; because there the ‹y› follows a written ‹l›, and in the Spanish words &lt;em&gt;enyesar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cónyuge&lt;/em&gt; where it follows a written ‹n›.  As far as I know, this is as common in Mexico as it is in Spain. You hear it all the time and think nothing of it. It’s something that “just happens” normally in the way that &lt;em&gt;did you&lt;/em&gt; coming out as &lt;em&gt;didja&lt;/em&gt; in English just happens naturally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That affrication is also quite common at the start of words starting with the yod sound when they occur right after a word ending with the letters ‹n› or ‹l›, such as in &lt;em&gt;el yogur, el hielo, en hierba/yerba, el yelmo, en hiedra/yedra, el yeti, con yema, el yeísmo, un yeísta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Even those native speakers who do &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; pronounce a written ‹ll› as though it were written ‹y› normally affricate their ‹y› sounds in these scenarios.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That phenomenon is not limited to the yeístas described immediately below. Rather, it’s common in all speakers independent of their regional accent. If you ask them why they’re affricating that sound, they might think about it a bit and tell you that it’s just a bit too hard to say otherwise. Yes, they can make an unaffricated version when speaking very carefully and slowly, but it’s easier to turn it into the affricated version you’ve described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;On yeísmo and yeístas&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason you were taught to pronounce the ‹ll› in Spanish &lt;em&gt;tortilla&lt;/em&gt; as though it were spelled with a ‹y› is because all of Mexico is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;yeísta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; region. That means they all say [toɾˈtiʝa] not [toɾˈtiʎa] for that word. The latter pronunciation does still occur in a few regions other than Mexico, but it has nonetheless become a minority use by overall numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fancier terms, Mexican Spanish speakers have all merged the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_lateral_approximant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palatal lateral approximant&lt;/strong&gt; phoneme /ʎ/&lt;/a&gt; into the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palatal_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;voiced palatal approximant&lt;/strong&gt; phoneme /ʝ̞/&lt;/a&gt;. It doesn’t work that way for all possible native Spanish speakers, as the linked article explains, but yeísmo is extremely common throughout the world, and no one will think anything at all if you’re a yeísta speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even when this sound is only an approximant, the Spanish sound [ʝ̞] is “thicker” than the English sound at the start of &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;, /jɛs/. When it’s a fricative it’s decidedly “thicker”, even in some speakers and utterances varying from [ʝ] to the [ʒ] sound of English &lt;em&gt;leisure&lt;/em&gt;, especially in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rioplatense_Spanish#Phonology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rioplatense dialects&lt;/a&gt; of South America.  And in emphatic positions, the /ʝ/ phoneme becomes not just fricative but affricated, rather like the two instances in the English word &lt;em&gt;judge&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’ve said “rather like” not “just like” because the English afficate is [d͡ʒ] but the Spanish one is normally transcribed as [ɟ͡ʝ]  there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Phonemes versus allophones&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to understand is that these sounds are all valid phonetic realizations of the abstract phoneme /ʝ/, no matter whether that’s [ʝ̞] or [ʝ̞] or [ɟ͡ʝ] or  [d͡ʒ]  or [ʒ] or [ʃ]. We call the different ways to say the same thing &lt;em&gt;allophones&lt;/em&gt;. Those all mean the same thing no matter how they’re said, and how they’re said varies far too much to give you some sort of “rule” that says that this or that region of Mexico uses one or the other. It doesn’t. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, this is more like &lt;em&gt;did you&lt;/em&gt; versus &lt;em&gt;didja&lt;/em&gt; in English. You can’t pin it down to a region because it doesn’t work that way. Some speakers do it more or less than others habitually. Others do so only when it’s emphatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get a general understanding of how this all works by reading&#xA;material in English, but for the most accurate and nuanced treatment&#xA;you will need to read about it in Spanish. For example, from &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_note-ye.C3.ADsmo-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;we learn that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya desde mediados del siglo XX comenzó la pérdida de /ʎ/ (ll) en la&#xA;  mayor parte de dialectos del español en favor de /ʝ̞/ (y). A día&#xA;  de hoy, el fonema lateral /ʎ/ se puede considerar como prácticamente&#xA;  perdido en los mayores dialectos del español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este proceso se trata de&#xA;  la &lt;em&gt;deslateralización&lt;/em&gt; de /ʎ/, conocido más ampliamente como yeísmo;&#xA;  pollo [ˈpo̞ʝ̞o̞] y poyo [ˈpo̞ʝ̞o̞].  &lt;strong&gt;La distinción de estos&#xA;  fonemas subsiste solamente en el español paraguayo, el andino, algunas&#xA;  zonas rurales de Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Aragón, Murcia,&#xA;  Ñuble, así como en los hablantes bilingües de español y catalán,&#xA;  gallego, quechua, aimara y otras lenguas&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;poyo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞ʝ̞o̞] y &lt;em&gt;pollo&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [ˈpo̞ʎo̞]. El fenómeno opuesto al yeísmo, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (neutralizar&#xA;  /ʝ̞/ y /ʎ/ en /ʎ/), también puede darse escasamente donde se&#xA;  distingue /ʝ̞/ y /ʎ/; &lt;em&gt;pollo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞ʎo̞] y &lt;em&gt;poyo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞ʎo̞].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;/ʝ̞/ se vuelve la africada [ɟ͡ʝ] o su variante dialectal y enfática&#xA;  [ʤ] en principio absoluto de palabra y tras el archifonema /N/; &lt;em&gt;enyesar&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  [ẽ̞ɲɟ͡ʝe̞ˈsa̠ɾ]~[ẽ̞nʲʤe̞ˈsa̠ɾ], &lt;em&gt;¡yo!&lt;/em&gt; [ʤo̞].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el español rioplatense, del entorno de Buenos Aires y otras zonas de&#xA;  Argentina y Uruguay, no se da la presencia de /ʝ̞/ ni /ʎ/, mas sí&#xA;  se da un yeísmo con rehilamiento ([ʒ] o [ʃ]), &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;zheísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sheísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;pollo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞ʒo̞]~[ˈpo̞ʃo̞] y &lt;em&gt;poyo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈpo̞ʒo̞]~[ˈpo̞ʃo̞].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please see also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/410/457&quot;&gt;this related answer&lt;/a&gt; for a broad overview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T03:39:06.113" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T03:39:06.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23165" CreationDate="2017-11-12T14:28:04.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only in Spain do they use &quot;os&quot; for second-person-plural indirect objects (IO):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Os&lt;/strong&gt; ofrecemos un descuento. (&quot;os&quot; is the IO, while &quot;un descuento&quot; is the direct object.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;os&quot; can also be used as the direct object (DO):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Os&lt;/strong&gt; invitamos a participar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all other variants of Spanish, instead of &quot;vosotros&quot; the form &quot;ustedes&quot; is used, which is conjugated just like the third person plural &quot;ellos&quot;. Therefore, &quot;les&quot; is used for IO and &quot;los&quot; or &quot;las&quot;, depending on the gender, for DO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; ofrecemos un descuento. (which, according to the context, can be interpreted as &quot;We offer you(plural)/them a discount.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los/Las&lt;/strong&gt; invitamos a participar. (which, according to the context, can be interpreted as &quot;We invite you(plural)/them to take part.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T21:34:54.330" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T21:34:54.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-12T19:30:46.533" Score="5" ViewCount="3685" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de caer en la cuenta de que &quot;menos mal&quot; es una expresión que, si la leemos literalmente, es de esas como &quot;no hay de qué&quot; o &quot;buenos días&quot; en las que parece que originalmente la expresión era parte de una frase más larga que se ha perdido con el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, una frase como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una suerte que hayas venido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece completa. Pero en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Menos mal que has venido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es como si faltara algo, como si fuese algo en plan &quot;ahora que has venido el mal es menos mal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario la define así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NyEUGaa#7HW1YyN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;menos mal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. interj. U. para indicar alivio porque no ocurre o no ha ocurrido algo malo que se temía, o porque ocurre o ha ocurrido algo bueno con lo que apenas se contaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo se empezó a usar esta expresión en el idioma español? ¿Cómo se originó? ¿Formaba parte en su origen de una expresión más larga?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T15:39:07.890" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;menos mal&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23182" CreationDate="2017-11-13T03:50:38.820" Score="4" ViewCount="2643" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto puede ser tonterías pero sospecho que puede significar mas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Un día veré el mar —decía la niña, también como en los cuentos,&#xA;  mientras pasaba la fregona por el suelo del puticlub6. Y soñaba con un&#xA;  cocinero cojo y una isla, y un loro que gritaba no sé qué murga sobre&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;piezas de a ocho&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T05:40:19.790" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T09:02:39.343" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;piezas de a ocho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2803" CreationDate="2017-11-13T05:27:28.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Descubrir el hilo negro&quot; viene de cuando algunos ilusionistas hacían que una pelotita rodara de una mano a la otra desafiando la fuerza de gravedad. El espectador percibía que la pelotita estaba suspendida &quot;mágicamente&quot; en el aire, hasta que descubrían el truco: un par de hilos negros por los que dicha pelotita pasaba de mano a mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Inventar el hilo negro&quot;, por el otro lado, tiene el mismo origen, pero se refiere a las múltiples maneras en que una persona (que no conoce el truco del hilo negro) trataría de enteder cómo una pelotita se mueve horizontalmente sin caer al suelo. Por extensión, se emplea cuando alguien busca soluciones complejas a problemas que ya han sido solucionados de maneras más simples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18083" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T05:27:28.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23156" CreationDate="2017-11-13T05:38:45.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course there is a Spanish word for &quot;sketch&quot;. However, the Spanish word is not used commonly. &quot;Sketch&quot; is more used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comedians in Mexico use &quot;sketch&quot; as a normal word and will frown upon more proper words, like &lt;em&gt;entremés&lt;/em&gt; (a very old word from the XVI century), for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18083" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T20:54:52.230" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T20:54:52.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23178" CreationDate="2017-11-13T05:41:08.050" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez se refiere al &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_de_a_8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Real de a 8&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las primeras monedas de 8 reales fueron instituidas en la Corona de Castilla por la reforma monetaria de 1497, llevada a cabo por los Reyes Católicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras la conquista de México y Perú, los reales de a 8 se acuñaban en América con la denominación de real español y se transportaban a granel hacia España, haciendo este transporte un objetivo tentador para los piratas y corsarios del mar. Por otra parte, su uso también se extendió por el sudeste asiático, ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El real de a 8 se convirtió entonces en la divisa de más amplia difusión durante el periodo colonial en América, y por su elevado valor intrínseco así como por su fineza, se siguieron usando en Norteamérica y en el Sudeste asiático hasta el siglo XIX. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18084" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T05:41:08.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23178" CreationDate="2017-11-13T06:48:02.160" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23181/1674&quot;&gt;la ha dado @iván&lt;/a&gt; pero por entrar un poco en contexto añado alguna información. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase de ejemplo hablan  de un cocinero cojo, una isla, y un loro que grita algo relacionado con &quot;piezas de a ocho&quot;. Claramente hace referencia al libro &lt;em&gt;La isla del tesoro&lt;/em&gt; donde John Silver era un capitán pirata que fue cocinero y tenía una sola pierna, su loro repetía la frase &quot;¡Piezas de a ocho!&quot; que es algo que aprendió cuando sacaban galeones de la plata hundidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los reales de a 8 eran de plata y era una moneda muy utilizada en aquellos tiempos de la piratería en  la zona del Caribe que trata este libro. Todo hace suponer que se refiere a los mencionados reales de a 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T09:02:39.343" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T09:02:39.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-13T07:43:13.900" Score="4" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5krATBH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bofetada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De or. inc.; cf. ingl. buffet 'puñetazo, manotazo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Golpe que se da en el carrillo con la mano abierta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si será por la proximidad del carrillo a la boca, pero el caso es que tanto esta palabra como otras similares como &lt;em&gt;puñetazo&lt;/em&gt; y demás tienen una cierta variedad de sinónimos que &quot;se comen&quot;, algunos suaves y otros más blasfemos. Negritas mías (con enlaces al DLE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya la dije que soltara o la atizaba una chuchada y ella que dónde y cuándo nos veíamos y que mientras no la respondiera no había nada que hacer. Se me calentaron los cachos, me olvidé que era una, la solté &lt;strong&gt;una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ilb6iyw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;galleta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y paré el trasto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Delibes, &quot;Diario de un emigrante&quot;, 1958 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un miliciano definió así al francés: &quot;Sabe decir allo como nadie y puede pegarte &lt;strong&gt;una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a7yncrp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;torta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en cuatro idiomas.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María Gironella, &quot;Un millón de muertos&quot;, 1961 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡A ver si te cierro la boca de &lt;strong&gt;una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ki2xstc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hostia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Elena Quiroga, &quot;Escribo tu nombre&quot;, 1965 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la última cortesía de Astérix (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7qVigfP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace al DLE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dQlnJ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dQlnJ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Astérix y la castaña&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se entienden estos sinónimos como originados por el hecho de que las bofetadas, al ir dirigidas a la cara, son algo que &quot;te comes&quot;. Pero ¿cuál fue el primer &quot;sinónimo comestible&quot; de &lt;em&gt;bofetada&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se puede rastrear el origen de estos &quot;sinónimos comestibles&quot;? (No de cada uno en particular, sino de todos ellos en conjunto como fenómeno del lenguaje.) Veo por los ejemplos del CORDE que pueden parecer algo reciente, ¿son una invención del siglo XX o los hay anteriores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T19:23:44.930" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T18:46:24.953" Title="¿Se puede rastrear el origen de los sinónimos comestibles de &quot;bofetada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23186" CreationDate="2017-11-13T09:19:19.810" Score="2" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm seeing expressions like &lt;strong&gt;te lo digo&lt;/strong&gt; (I tell you) and &lt;strong&gt;lo sé&lt;/strong&gt; (I know). However I'm not quite sure about the usage of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; here. I well know about its usage in &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt;, but what about these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; + present/preterit conjugation of verb (&lt;em&gt;te lo digo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo&lt;/strong&gt; sé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And an additional question: Why do we say &lt;strong&gt;no sé&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;no &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; sé&lt;/strong&gt; for the meaning of &quot;I don't know&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T20:20:04.353" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T20:20:04.353" Title="&quot;Lo&quot; leading whatever that's not a noun?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23195" CreationDate="2017-11-13T09:40:00.263" Score="7" ViewCount="39154" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario se define &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6OGpVP7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caballero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;caballarius&lt;/em&gt; 'caballerizo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Hombre que se comporta con distinción, nobleza y generosidad. &lt;em&gt;Se portó como un caballero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición se refiere exclusivamente a los hombres. El caso es que ayer, tras una serie de reflexiones de carácter filosófico acabé preguntándome cuál sería la palabra adecuada para referirse a una mujer que exhibe un comportamiento como el descrito por esta acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio se me ocurren:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BqCXb3I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;dame&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. &lt;em&gt;domĭna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mujer noble o distinguida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcBNzxH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;señora&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;senior, -ōris&lt;/em&gt; 'más viejo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que muestra dignidad en su comportamiento o aspecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ninguna de las dos me termina de convencer. &lt;em&gt;Señora&lt;/em&gt; es la versión femenina de &lt;em&gt;señor&lt;/em&gt;, no de &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt;. Y de &lt;em&gt;dama&lt;/em&gt; no estoy seguro. Si la uso en la frase que aparece como ejemplo en la acepción de caballero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se portó como una dama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende lo mismo que con &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt; pero en versión femenina? ¿O es el significado diferente? Nótese que en la acepción de &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt; dice &quot;que se comporta con&quot;, mientras que en la de &lt;em&gt;dama&lt;/em&gt; no habla del comportamiento, sino que &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; noble y dintinguida, lo que puede hacer que el significado varíe. Si no, pongamos estos otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan es un auténtico caballero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  María es una auténtica dama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede entender por las definiciones que Juan tiene el comportamiento de un caballero (nobleza y distinción), pero que María es una persona noble y distinguida de verdad? ¿O son ambas cosas lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se os ocurre alguna otra alternativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;NOTA: El debate filosófico que generó esta duda fue: En un mundo en el que hay plena y absoluta igualdad entre el hombre y la mujer, ¿seguiría existiendo la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6OHw5OP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caballerosidad&lt;/a&gt;? (Entendida la &quot;distinción, nobleza y generosidad&quot; del &lt;em&gt;caballero&lt;/em&gt; como del hombre hacia la mujer.) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T13:09:03.270" LastActivityDate="2021-03-08T16:51:09.623" Title="¿Cuál sería la versión femenina de &quot;caballero&quot; como sustantivo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23184" CreationDate="2017-11-13T09:55:21.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In those cases, &quot;lo&quot; means &quot;it&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te lo digo (I'm telling you &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo sé (I know &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check it in the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NWnohQu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo, la&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;illum, illam, illud&lt;/em&gt;, acus. de &lt;em&gt;ille, illa, illud&lt;/em&gt; 'aquel'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Neutro &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Forma átona de él.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. person. 3.ª pers. m., f. y n. Forma que, en acusativo, designa a alguien o algo mencionado en el discurso, distinto de quien lo enuncia y del destinatario. &lt;em&gt;A tus amigas las vi en la playa. No te pediré perdón, aunque no te lo creas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the few neuter words in Spanish. The second example in the definition ilustrates it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... aunque no te lo creas (though you don't believe &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe thus you will see it clearer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Sabías que...? —Sí, lo sabía.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Did you know that... —Yes, I knew that (&lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T09:55:21.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23188" CreationDate="2017-11-13T13:55:12.837" Score="3" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m addicted to you &lt;br&gt; Porque es un vicio tu piel &lt;br&gt; Baby I’m addicted to you &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Quiero que te dejes querer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; — Shakira, “I’m Addicted to You,” &lt;em&gt;Sale el Sol&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta letra me confunde. Tengo entendido que el sujeto de la oración es Shakira su mismo y que se dirige a una pareja romántica. Me parecen posibles dos estructuras de la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ésta es un ejemplo del usar pronombres reflexivos para indicar la voz pasiva. Shakira quiere que el hombre permite que él sea querido. Pero eso me suena raro; no me parece que esta letra sea equivalente a «Quiero que te dejes quererte» ni «Quiero que te dejes ser querido».&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; simplemente es intransitivo y Shakira quiere que el hombre se permite amar en general.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el sentido correcto de esa frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T18:33:41.117" Title="«Quiero que te dejes querer»: ¿a quién?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23187" CreationDate="2017-11-13T14:18:18.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we added pronouns for clarity this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) Quiero que (tú) te dejes querer (&lt;strong&gt;por mi&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which basically means &quot;déjame amarte/let &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; love you&quot;. That &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; is a second person pronoun, so it refers to the man.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronouns wouldn't actually change if you meant &quot;I want you to let people love you&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) Quiero que (tú) te dejes querer (&lt;strong&gt;por la gente&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Yo) Quiero que (tú) &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; dejes querer&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me&lt;/code&gt;, first person pronoun would refer to Shakira and the second person &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; would refer to her lover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither &quot;Quiero que &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; dejes querer&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; nor &quot;Quiero que te dejes ser querido&quot; apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you meant &quot;I want you to let people love you&quot; you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero que (tú) te dejes &lt;strong&gt;querer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ad notice the redundant pronouns in &quot;Quiero que &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; dejes querer&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Again, infinitive is enough. That second pronoun is reduntant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T14:18:18.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23189" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23193" CreationDate="2017-11-13T14:43:37.707" Score="6" ViewCount="4813" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la RAE, un &amp;quot;botones&amp;quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5zsZgf2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;botones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona joven que sirve en hoteles y otros establecimientos para llevar los recados u otras comisiones que se le encargan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se les designa de esta manera a estos ayudantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En principio, de forma parecida a lo aprendido en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19127/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué “hortera” es, en Madrid, el apodo del mancebo de ciertas tiendas de mercader?&lt;/a&gt;, donde vimos que se llamaba &amp;quot;horteras&amp;quot; a los ayudantes de la farmacia porque manipulaban una balanza u &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19136/5481&quot;&gt;horterilla&lt;/a&gt;, pensé que su nombre venía de manipular los botones del ascensor, pero la persona que manipula el mecanismo del ascensor tiene un nombre distinto:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3vqafHE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ascensorista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que tiene a su cargo el manejo del ascensor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría ser también por los botones del distintivo uniforme que usan los botones, pero otros muchos empleados llevan uniformes variopintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo llegaron estos ayudantes de hotel (u otros establecimientos) a recibir ese nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T16:39:12.397" Title="¿Cómo llegó &quot;botones&quot; a usarse para referirse a un ayudante joven (mozo de hotel)?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23176" CreationDate="2017-11-13T14:50:17.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que se haya originado como una comparación de una situación mala con la actual, que no lo es tanto. Ya por los años 1254 se usa la expresión en un texto de astronomía (Judizios de las estrellas, 1254 - 1260, Anónimo) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=1&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=131117%5C015%5CC003O13112017154012952.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20menos%20mal%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E quando Saturno fuere en quadradura de venus; significa abaxamiento &amp;amp; desprecio de parte de mugieres. &amp;amp; sera uazio de todo bien. &amp;amp; acaecer la todo mal. &amp;amp; mayor miente si Saturno fuere alçado sobre venus. Mas si venus fueren alçada sobre Saturno; es menos mal. &amp;amp; aura&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede ver en este otro ejemplo el paralelo con otras frases, lo que hace ver su construcción un poco más clara (&lt;em&gt;menos daño ... menos mal&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;viva en poder de rey sin justicia que non que biva sin rey en guerra e en miedo; &lt;strong&gt;menos dapño&lt;/strong&gt; viene al pueblo por la desmesura del rey que non les viene por desmesura de la guerra; &lt;strong&gt;menos mal&lt;/strong&gt; viene al regno de la desmesura del rey que de la desmesura del pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T14:55:07.090" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T14:55:07.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23189" CreationDate="2017-11-13T15:13:52.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa acepción de &lt;strong&gt;botones&lt;/strong&gt; entró en el DLE de 1992 sin ninguna explicación, pero el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DLE de 2001&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge el origen en la acepción nº 16 de botón  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;16. (&lt;strong&gt;Por los botones que suele lucir en su uniforme&lt;/strong&gt;). m. pl. Muchacho que sirve en hoteles y otros establecimientos para llevar los recados u otras comisiones que se le encargan.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18086" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T16:39:12.397" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T16:39:12.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23194" CreationDate="2017-11-13T15:36:07.900" Score="4" ViewCount="5106" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=O6eco2ky2D6USmsCih&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; explica el significado de la expresión &quot;qué va&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;h) qué va&lt;/strong&gt;. Se usa como negación enfática: «—&lt;em&gt;¿Le pasa a usted algo? —¡Qué va! Estoy muy bien&lt;/em&gt;» (Sampedro Sonrisa [Esp. 1985]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la expresión por si sola no parece tener mucho significado, o no es obvio que se trata de una negación por las palabras que la componen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene el origen de la frase una explicación para su verdadero significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:40:42.227" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:40:42.227" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;qué va&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23189" CreationDate="2017-11-13T15:36:15.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, parece que es por los botones de su indumentaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer diccionario que recoge la palabra es el &lt;em&gt;Alemany y Bolufer&lt;/em&gt; de 1917, que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por las tres hileras que suelen adornar la chaquetilla de su uniforme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el DLE en su edición de 1936 confirma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;botón&lt;/em&gt; por los que lucen en su vestido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los casos del CORDE son todos del siglo XX (el más antiguo parece ser de 1918: &quot;No había llegado el botones a la esquina cuando me dieron tu tele&quot;). En la hemeroteca de la BNE se leen algunos más antiguos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora, cualquier pelafustrán tiene un &lt;em&gt;botones&lt;/em&gt; (antes &lt;em&gt;groom&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De lo primero que se ocupan hoy los hombres de acción, ó en ejercicio de sus profesiones, es de adquirir un muchacho de doce ó catorce años, y vestirle de pies á cabeza, aunque la familia perezca de las prendas más necesarias para el trato de gentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001263438&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;search=%22un%20botones%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevo mundo (Madrid). 14/1/1897, página 6.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesante el nombre que le daban antes al botones. El texto se acompaña de la siguiente ilustración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lu1xRm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lu1xRm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Botones&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que deja bastante claro el resalte de los botones en la chaqueta del uniforme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T16:28:18.217" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T16:28:18.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23192" CreationDate="2017-11-13T15:51:36.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad el origen en este caso es sencillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Ajá! ¿Conque sabía?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Qué va a saber, señor! Si es que está distraída; si es que El Patas la tiene asina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomás Carrasquilla, &quot;La marquesa de Yolombó&quot;, 1928 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la expresión sea una exclamación, queda más claro su origen si se pone como interrogación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Le pasa a usted algo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Qué va a pasarme, si estoy muy bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como repetir el verbo suele ser redundante, la frase &quot;qué va a pasarme&quot; se queda al final en &quot;qué va&quot;, cambiando las interrogaciones por exclamaciones, dándole así más énfasis a la negación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, yo pensaba que la expresión sería más antigua, pero los primeros casos que encuentro son ya del siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T15:51:36.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23185" CreationDate="2017-11-13T16:33:49.993" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es correcto, la versión femenina de caballero es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dama&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando hablamos de un caballero y/o dama hacemos referencia a una persona que tiene &lt;strong&gt;conducta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la definición de señora este bien, no voy muy de acuerdo a su definición, al menos no en el uso de la vida real.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todas las señoras pueden ser señoras por ser mujeres y por sus distinciones de género, de carácter cultural y social que se le atribuyen, así como a las diferencias sexuales y biológicas frente al hombre. Sin embargo, &lt;strong&gt;pocas&lt;/strong&gt; pueden tener dignidad en su comportamiento o aspecto, lo que hace la diferencia entre ser una señora y una dama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro uso, al menos en México, es que nos referimos a señora a cualquier mujer que ya tuvo un bebe o que ya se ha casado sin importar su edad, comportamiento, aspecto, raza, etcétera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dama: Es aquella mujer que tiene valores, que respeta, se da a respetar, es amable, que aplica los buenos modales en todos los momentos y circunstancias de la vida, se sabe comportar en todos los ambientes, con cualquier persona, y nunca hace sentir menos a los que la rodean. Una dama es un &lt;strong&gt;conjunto de virtudes y valores&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Señora: Una señora es cualquier femenina por derecho de nacimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T13:08:40.553" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:08:40.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23183" CreationDate="2017-11-13T17:24:28.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin tener datos delante para demostrarlo parece que el origen vendría del hecho de que te van a dar un golpe o una bofetada en la boca, y se hace el símil de que es como si te la comieras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, si te preguntas por qué esas comidas en concreto yo diría que tiene algo que ver con la forma de la mano al dar el golpe. Una bofetada con la mano abierta tiene forma de hostia, de galleta o de torta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin haber visto otros ejemplos este parece un motivo lógico. Si me presentas el ejemplo de la castaña te diré que jamás he oído &quot;dar una castaña&quot; en España, aunque sí he oído &quot;castañazo&quot;; en este caso diría que como una castaña está tan dura y si te lanzan una debe de doler, si te dan un golpe te puede doler tanto como un castañazo, y de ahí la expresión. Yo lo comparo con otros ejemplos como que algo te siente &quot;como un tiro&quot;, que también debe de doler bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5332" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T17:24:28.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2017-11-13T20:01:29.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S5LeDet&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pasquín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Hoja de papel con publicidad, propaganda u otro mensaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18088" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T20:01:29.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23204" CreationDate="2017-11-13T21:10:22.800" Score="4" ViewCount="1087" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ofrecí una recompensa (&lt;em&gt;bounty&lt;/em&gt;) en Stack Overflow en español y surgió cierto debate porque quien había respondido era el propio autor de la pregunta. Surgió un debate y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/78513/convenci%C3%B3n-de-nombres-en-php?noredirect=1#comment216248_78513&quot;&gt;un usuario chileno comentó&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando yo llegué a este sitio (había participado sólo en la versión gringa) no entendía la idea de hacer preguntas y autoresponderlas. &lt;strong&gt;En buenas cuentas&lt;/strong&gt; no son realmente preguntas, son más bien como un hilo de discusión y reflexión. Esos votos negativos han de ser porque alguien dijo: &quot;este señor se autoresponde para ganar más puntaje&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El debate daría mucho de sí &lt;em&gt;stackoverflowísticamente&lt;/em&gt;, pero centrémonos en el lingüístico: ¿qué quiere decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en buenas cuentas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? Parece una forma de resumir algo, pero nunca lo había oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultado el autor, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/78513/convenci%C3%B3n-de-nombres-en-php?noredirect=1#comment217070_78513&quot;&gt;me comenta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;al menos en Chile &quot;en buenas cuentas&quot; significa &quot;en el fondo&quot; o &quot;en otras palabras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto en España lo diríamos como &quot;al fin y al cabo&quot; o &quot;a fin de cuentas&quot;, pero así nunca lo oí. Entonces las preguntas son: ¿es esta una expresión puramente chilena? ¿se usa en algún lugar más, como los limítrofes Argentina, Perú o Bolivia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T11:11:35.623" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;en buenas cuentas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23201" CreationDate="2017-11-14T05:04:48.957" Score="5" ViewCount="4086" Body="&lt;p&gt;A diario escucho gente expresarse tomando como referencia un fundamento o una justificación, la cual sustentan con &lt;em&gt;«con base en»&lt;/em&gt; o en su caso &lt;em&gt;«en base a»&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con base en el artículo constitucional 12,345, a partir del año 2018 todo ciudadano extranjero podrá obtener la nacionalidad llenado el formato XYZ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En base al artículo constitucional 12,345, a partir del año 2018 todo ciudadano extranjero podrá obtener la nacionalidad llenado el formato XYZ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual me causa una duda impresionante. Si bien la primera referencia se lee y se escucha un tanto más coherente que la segunda, no estoy seguro de si la segunda de igual forma sería válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.org.mx/espin/Detalle?id=360&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Academia Mexicana de la Lengua&lt;/a&gt;, lo correcto es &lt;em&gt;«con base en»&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La forma correcta es &lt;em&gt;con base en&lt;/em&gt; y significa ‘con apoyo o fundamento en’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no es una fuente certificada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿cuál sería el argumento para definir si alguna de las dos formas es la correcta? O, en caso de que ambas sean válidas, ¿qué contexto determina usar una o la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T09:48:48.287" LastActivityDate="2020-10-27T21:28:52.790" Title="¿«Con base en» o «En base a»?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23200" CreationDate="2017-11-14T06:24:27.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/strong&gt; recoge en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=base&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;base&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (énfasis mío)    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. &lt;strong&gt;con base en&lt;/strong&gt;. Precede a la expresión del lugar en el que se concentran instalaciones o equipos, generalmente militares, y que sirve de punto de partida para las distintas operaciones: &lt;em&gt;«La aviación “nacional”, con base en el aeródromo de Tablada, se adueñó del aire»&lt;/em&gt;. En el primer tercio del siglo XX comenzó a usarse, en el lenguaje jurídico, con el sentido de ‘con apoyo o fundamento en’: &lt;em&gt;«De parte de los detractores del Almirante, se sostiene, con base en testimonios que figuran ...»&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí ha pasado a otros ámbitos y está hoy bastante extendido, más en América que en España: &lt;em&gt;«Aquí vemos aparecer, con base en los estudios del astrónomo ... »&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No hay razones lingüísticas para censurar su empleo en estos casos&lt;/strong&gt;, pues la noción de ‘apoyo o fundamento’ está presente en la palabra base, y las preposiciones con y en están bien utilizadas; no obstante, en el uso culto se prefieren otras fórmulas más tradicionales, como &lt;em&gt;sobre la base de, en función de, basándose en, a partir de, de acuerdo con, según&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Sí es censurable la locución de sentido equivalente Ⓧ&lt;em&gt;en base a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, en la que las preposiciones &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; no están justificadas: Ⓧ&lt;em&gt;«La petición se hizo en base a investigaciones policiales españolas»&lt;/em&gt;. Podría tratarse de un calco del italiano &lt;em&gt;in base a&lt;/em&gt;, única lengua de nuestro entorno en la que se documenta —desde finales del siglo XIX— esta locución, ya que en inglés se dice &lt;em&gt;on the basis of&lt;/em&gt; y en francés &lt;em&gt;sur la base de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. &lt;strong&gt;en base a&lt;/strong&gt;. → 3.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5. &lt;strong&gt;sobre la base de&lt;/strong&gt;. → 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;strong&gt;&quot;con base en&quot;: correcto&lt;/strong&gt;, pero en el uso culto se prefieren otras fórmulas más tradicionales&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;strong&gt;&quot;en base a&quot;: incorrecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sobre la base de&quot;: correcto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18091" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T07:56:04.953" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T07:56:04.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23203" CreationDate="2017-11-14T10:25:44.003" Score="3" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;En La Tertulia &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/41137160#41137160&quot;&gt;acabamos de descubrir&lt;/a&gt; que existe la palabra &lt;em&gt;bebestible&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5Gqznrv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bebestible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De beber&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, formado a imit. de &lt;em&gt;comestible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Que se puede beber. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que hace referencia a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vcBo0L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comestible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;comestibĭlis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que se puede comer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Todo género de alimento. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Apuntado para otra pregunta dejo el hecho de cuál sería su diferencia con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5GyjeTc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bebible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vn1Dn2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;comible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el DLE por &lt;em&gt;palabras que terminan en...&lt;/em&gt; descubro que hay otras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dkpce8V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;digestible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LGIwuiV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;incomestible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LOcnwYX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;indigestible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como sinónima de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LOaiOtS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;indigerible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en ningún caso encuentro la raíz, más allá del &lt;em&gt;comestibĭlis&lt;/em&gt; proviniente del latín en &lt;em&gt;comestible&lt;/em&gt;. Así pues, ¿cuál es este sufijo? ¿Por qué se usa tan poco (apenas para tres verbos: &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;digerir&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T13:46:18.453" Title="¿Qué raíz es la que forma &quot;comestible&quot; o &quot;bebestible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23202" CreationDate="2017-11-14T11:00:22.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, tanto &lt;em&gt;comestible&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;digestible&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;indigestible&lt;/em&gt; tienen en común que provienen de palabras ya formadas en el latín tardío. El sufijo que tienen en común no es otro que &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5gagNwr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ble&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. -bĭlis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma adjetivos casi siempre deverbales. Indica posibilidad pasiva, es decir, capacidad o aptitud para recibir la acción del verbo. Si el verbo es de la primera conjugación, el sufijo toma la forma &lt;strong&gt;-able&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Prorrogable.&lt;/em&gt; Si es de la segunda o tercera, toma la forma &lt;strong&gt;-ible&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Reconocible, distinguible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, lo que significa el sufijo es &quot;que se puede&quot;. El truco está, como comentaba, en que esta palabra es la evolución de una palabra que ya existía en latín tardío. Como se puede ver en la definición de &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, esta viene de &lt;em&gt;comedĕre&lt;/em&gt;. Así, al unirlo con la versión latina de &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-bilis&lt;/em&gt;) tendríamos &lt;em&gt;comedĕre&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;comedibĭlis&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;comestibĭlis&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;comestible&lt;/em&gt;. Si el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt; lo aplicamos al verbo &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt; tal y como es actualmente, surge &lt;em&gt;comible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, no es que el sufijo se use poco, sino que son pocas las palabras que nos han llegado con el sufijo ya aplicado a la versión latina de la palabra a la que modifica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T13:46:18.453" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T13:46:18.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23198" CreationDate="2017-11-14T11:11:35.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta se encuentra en el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cuenta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en buena cuenta.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. adv. Pe. En resumen, en conclusión. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20572/12637&quot;&gt;pop + cult → espon.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;en buenas cuentas.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. adv. Bo, Ch. En resumen, en conclusión. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que además de en Chile se usa en Bolivia, y la misma expresión pero con las palabras en singular se usa en Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T11:11:35.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23224" CreationDate="2017-11-14T12:18:25.383" Score="2" ViewCount="466" Body="&lt;p&gt;Le comentaba hoy a mi mujer que mi hijo &quot;se ha pegado una siesta de hora y media&quot;. Del mismo modo, puedo decirle que &quot;me he pegado una caminata de seis kilómetros&quot;. Este uso pronominal de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SKdzxQw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pegar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿a qué acepción corresponde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opciones posibles según veo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acepción 7: junto con algunos nombres, para expresar la acción que estos significan. Así, &quot;pegarse una siesta&quot; sería &quot;sestear&quot;, aunque no sé qué verbo correspondería con &quot;pegarse una caminata&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acepción 13: realizar una acción con decisión y esfuerzo. No hay que hacer mucho esfuerzo para dormir la siesta, pero podría ser. Lo malo es que esta acepción no está marcada como pronominal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acepción desconocida: es un uso regional que no está contemplado en el diccionario. No debería, porque además de usarlo yo, que soy de Sevilla, encuentro frases en el CREA correspondientes a &lt;em&gt;El diario vasco&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;Si quieres vas a Ipurua a ver al Eibar o te pegas una excursión a Pamplona&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué acepción de &quot;pegar&quot; se podría asociar pues a este uso del verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T12:23:34.150" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T12:02:46.053" Title="¿A qué acepción de &quot;pegar&quot; se refiere &quot;pegarse una siesta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23212" CreationDate="2017-11-14T13:20:08.527" Score="6" ViewCount="808" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día en la sala de chat &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/46061?m=41069498#41069498&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt; se hizo referencia al español neutro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca he sabido exactamente que era eso del español neutro, aunque tenía una idea aproximada, así que busqué algo de información; la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_neutro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; por ejemplo dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;español neutro&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;castellano neutro&lt;/strong&gt;, también conocido como &lt;strong&gt;español global&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;español internacional&lt;/strong&gt;, es un estándar artificial del idioma&#xA;  español con el que se pretende deslocalizar el lenguaje y que se&#xA;  acomode, si no a todos, al máximo sector posible de la población&#xA;  hispanohablante con el fin de ser empleado por medios de comunicación&#xA;  y entretenimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición es más o menos lo que imaginaba pero la duda es ¿quién define ese estándar? y también ¿hay algún organismo que lo regule? o ¿hay documentación accesible al respecto para saber qué palabras o expresiones se consideran neutras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esas son algunas de las dudas que me surgen sobre este tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T13:49:01.127" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T23:38:10.493" Title="¿Está el &quot;español neutro&quot; definido y regulado de alguna forma?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23211" CreationDate="2017-11-14T14:05:12.717" Score="4" ViewCount="5983" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de la expresión es claro, y el DLE lo explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9AwuYaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;de, ciencia cierta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. advs. Con toda seguridad, sin duda alguna. &lt;em&gt;Saber a ciencia cierta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que la frase es lo suficientemente intuitiva como para que alguien no nativo adivine su significado, pero no deja de parecerme curioso por qué y cuándo empezó a usarse esa frase fija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se conoce el origen de esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T11:50:31.533" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:50:31.533" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la frase &quot;a ciencia cierta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T14:30:39.907" Score="10" ViewCount="13653" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iba a preguntar por el origen de la expresión &quot;cada dos por tres&quot;, pero al ir a buscarla en el diccionario me he encontrado con la siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EA0Jc84&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;variedad de expresiones&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a cada dos por tres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. cada dos por tres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a dos por tres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. Pronta y claramente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cada dos por tres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Con frecuencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en un dos por tres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. En un momento, rápidamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado hay un par de expresiones que usan el &quot;dos por tres&quot; para indicar algo hecho rápidamente, y otras dos que implican algo hecho con frecuencia. Imagino que estas expresiones tendrán un origen común, así que pregunto: ¿de dónde provienen estas expresiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo no escribo con plumaje,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sino con pluma, pues ya&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tanto bien barbado da&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en escribir al revés.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Óyeme tú dos por tres&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lo que digo de pe a pa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;Poesías&quot;, 1597-1645 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T16:29:41.937" LastActivityDate="2020-11-04T17:10:17.953" Title="Origen de expresiones como &quot;cada dos por tres&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23209" CreationDate="2017-11-14T14:55:19.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues vamos a ver, porque cuando veo que una expresión aparece en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611 me echo a temblar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saber de cierta ciencia manera de hablar para certificar vno lo que sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una expresión aparece en este diccionario, es difícil averiguar su origen. Y más si vemos en el CORDE casos de esta expresión ¡en el siglo XIV! Al parecer se usaba en documentos notariales, con textos como los siguientes (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seppan quoantos esta present carta veran et oyran, que yo Diago Diaz, fijo de don Johan Diaz ceillero, et yo Eluira Periz su muger, vezinos d'Esteilla, non seyendo forçados ni falagados ni apremiados nin de ningun mal ingeynamiento engeynados, mas &lt;strong&gt;de nuestra cierta ciencia&lt;/strong&gt;, con bonos, liures et francos coraçones et agradables volutades...&lt;/em&gt; (1378)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sepan todos quantos aquesta present carta pública verán que yo Garcí Ferrández de Sayas, racionero en la iglesia de Santa María la Mayor de la ciudat de Calatayut, &lt;strong&gt;de mi cierta ciencia&lt;/strong&gt; e de mis derechos bien certificado por mí e por todos los míos presentes e advenideros...&lt;/em&gt; (1381)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sea conocida cosa a todos homes cómo yo Pere Savrín, vezino de Ruvihuelos, aldea de la ciudat de Teruel, &lt;strong&gt;de mi cierta ciencia&lt;/strong&gt;, por mí e los míos presentes e advenidores, sin retenimiento alguno, a honor e reverencia de la pasión de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo e de la Virgen Santa María, su madre, e de toda la cort celestial...&lt;/em&gt; (1384)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiéndase que por entonces se entendía &quot;ciencia&quot; como &quot;el conocimiento cierto de alguna cosa por su causa&quot;. Lo que hace de &quot;cierta ciencia&quot; una expresión redundante, pero que desde sus orígenes ya implicaba la idea de &quot;doy fe de que esto es así&quot;, de algo era así &quot;con seguridad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y veo incluso que podemos irnos más atrás buscando una variación de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E a esto nos era contrario don Johan diçiendo que el sabia que vos assi lo entendiades que los dos pudiessen decir que en otra manera no seria natura de compromes que avenir podria que nunqua se avernirian los tres e nos diçiendo que antes sabiamos nos que &lt;strong&gt;de cierta sciencia&lt;/strong&gt; e por bien de los feytos lo aviades assi puesto e que assi parecia por el escripto que vos aviades enviado con el Comendador e el Arcidiagno.&lt;/em&gt; (1304)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más atrás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... uinieron de manifiesto e reconoscen &lt;strong&gt;de cierta e uerdadera sciencia&lt;/strong&gt; sabudament e certificados de todo en todo que los dichos monesterios de Sant Pedro e de Sant Miguel...&lt;/em&gt; (1285)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya por fin damos con un texto de 1250 que contiene la expresión en latín vulgar, el cual tiene una estructura similar a los documentos notariales vistos más arriba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Noverint universi quod nos Iacobus per nos et omnes nostros successores indulgemus, concedimus et &lt;strong&gt;ex certa sciencia&lt;/strong&gt; constituimus in perpetuum quod nunquam in villa de Aliazira vel eius termino a mercibus sive quibuslibet aliis rebus accipiatur amplius quam inferius est statutum, videlicet.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto nos hace llegar al papado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inocencio_III&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inocencio III&lt;/a&gt; (Papa desde 1198 hasta 1216), en el que al parecer se creó la fórmula &quot;confirmatio ex certa scientia&quot;, consistente en una corroboración de los hechos con pleno conocimiento de los mismos. Su primer uso fue en textos eclesiásticos para que constara que el Papa había tenido pleno conocimiento de lo acontecido, y lo corrobora. Más información en &lt;a href=&quot;http://studylib.es/doc/5495492/ex-certa-scientia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta tesis doctoral&lt;/a&gt; de Valentín Gómez-Iglesias, que menciona a Inocencio III como usuario de la fórmula. Ciertamente, el primer caso en el CORDE de &lt;em&gt;ex certa scientia&lt;/em&gt; data de 1225, lo que no quita para que haya otros casos previos no documentos en este corpus, correspondientes a este papado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto, ahora podemos recorrer este mismo camino a la inversa, para darnos cuenta de cómo una fórmula usada por el Papa para dar fe de algo pasó a ser usada también por otros cargos de la Iglesia, por nobles y finalmente por cualquier persona que quisiera dejar constancia de que tenía pleno conocimiento de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T15:49:02.203" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T15:49:02.203" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23207" CreationDate="2017-11-14T15:27:13.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vaya por delante que yo tengo (o tenía hasta hace un rato) las mismas dudas que tú, así que me he puesto a indagar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Definido: sí, más o menos.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando las referencias que aparecen al final del artículo de la Wikipedia que has enlazado, me encuentro lo siguiente (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caracterización del español neutro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El fin principal del &lt;strong&gt;español neutro, cuya ley fue sancionada en mayo de 1986 en Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;, es comercial. Se procura que el producto sea exportable a la mayor cantidad de sectores del mercado y por eso se busca una lengua que prescinda de las peculiaridades nacionales. Para la elaboración de la ley así como para su cumplimiento, no se consultó a ningún especialista en temas lingüísticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ley presupone la existencia de un español neutro y de un proyecto unificado acerca del mismo. El artículo 1 , (único dedicado a la consideración del concepto) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«El doblaje deberá ser realizado en idioma castellano neutro, según su uso corriente en nuestro país, pero comprensible para todo el público de la América hispanoahablante».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una reglamentación dos años posterior amplía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Se entenderá por idioma castellano neutro al hablar puro, fonética, sintáctica y semánticamente, conocido y aceptado por todo el público hispanohablante, libre de modismos y expresiones idiomáticas de sectores».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Petrella, Lila: &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/obref/congresos/zacatecas/television/comunicaciones/petre.htm#caracterizacion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El español «neutro» de los doblajes: intenciones y realidades&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Centro Virtual Cervantes.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo cual extraigo que el &amp;quot;español neutro&amp;quot; es un intento de crear una variedad de español que pudiera sonar medianamente bien a los oídos de los 450 millones de hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La fuente anterior, sin embargo, solo describe el dialecto a grandes rasgos, no lo define.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Para ello, tenemos que irnos a otra de las fuentes del artículo, donde por ejemplo se explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.1. Plano fónico:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sistema del español neutro se compone de 17 fonemas consonánticos (...) es&#xA;seseante, no existe el fonema interdental /Ө/. Tampoco aparece el fonema palatal lateral&#xA;/ʎ/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) el&#xA;consonantismo es fuerte y estable, no existe velarización de nasales, pérdida de&#xA;consonantes implosivas, ni confusión de -r/-l.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.2. Plano morfosintáctico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) La segunda persona es siempre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, nunca &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, y el plural de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es constante la falsa pluralidad del CD; es decir, el uso de &lt;em&gt;se los-las&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;se lo, se la&lt;/em&gt;, cuando se sustituye a un CI plural: &lt;em&gt;Mi hija se los va a explicar&lt;/em&gt; (a ustedes). &lt;em&gt;Esa protección se las daré yo&lt;/em&gt; (a mis hijas); y la ausencia del pronombre de CD con algunos verbos: &lt;em&gt;Tu padre no sabe que nosotras sabemos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Quiero ver quién va a explicarle a la pobre Julianna&lt;/em&gt; (eso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aparece el interrogativo &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo: &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál difunto?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las oraciones de relativo hendidas se construyen con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, cualquiera que sea el antecedente: &lt;em&gt;Es precisamente de eso que quiero conversar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Por causa de ella fue que le pasó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿Qué es lo que no quieres que mi hija se entere?&lt;/em&gt;, y las&#xA;fórmulas interrogativas directas introducidas por &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; se refuerzan con &lt;em&gt;ser + que&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo fue que cerraste tu discurso?&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo es que lo sabré?&lt;/em&gt; Además, la fórmula &lt;em&gt;es que&lt;/em&gt; pierde el verbo: &lt;em&gt;¿Que no hay cena en esta casa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Llorente Pinto, Mª del Rosario: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gredos.usal.es/jspui/bitstream/10366/121976/3/DLE_LlorentePinto_Que_es_espanol_neutro.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué es el español neutro?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; [PDF]. Universidad de Salamanca.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior es solo un extracto, el PDF enumera muchas otras características. No obstante, no deja de ser un estudio descriptivo, es decir que no define el español neutro como tal sino que explica sus rasgos en base al uso observado del mismo en películas y textos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Regulado: no parece.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de la ley argentina mencionada (&lt;a href=&quot;http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/20000-24999/23775/norma.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ley N° 23.316, de 1986, sobre doblaje&lt;/a&gt;), no parece que el &lt;strong&gt;español neutro&lt;/strong&gt; sea regulado, ni siquiera reconocido, por ninguna entidad oficial relacionada con el uso de la lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varios indicios a tener en cuenta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una de las críticas que se le hacen a la ley es que no se contase con la opinión de los lingüistas;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no se encuentra información al respecto en el sitio de la RAE;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no existe una definición &amp;quot;oficial&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo ello da a entender que el español neutro es una variedad del lenguaje desarrollada sobre la marcha, al margen de las academias y expertos, y basándose más en lo que funciona o no a nivel de mercado: los elementos que el público rechace por demasiado regionalistas serán eliminados o adaptados, y los que sean entendidos por todos quedarán fijos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí está regulado es el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_est%C3%A1ndar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;español estándar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_est%C3%A1ndar#Espa.C3.B1ol_est.C3.A1ndar_y_espa.C3.B1ol_neutro_o_espa.C3.B1ol_global&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no debe confundirse con el español neutro&lt;/a&gt;, y que se refiere &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DPD&lt;/a&gt; a lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es por ello la expresión culta formal la que constituye el &lt;em&gt;español estándar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: la lengua que todos empleamos, o aspiramos a emplear, cuando sentimos la necesidad de expresarnos con corrección; la lengua que se enseña en las escuelas; la que, con mayor o menor acierto, utilizamos al hablar en público o emplean los medios de comunicación; la lengua de los ensayos y de los libros científicos y técnicos. Es, en definitiva, la que configura la norma, el código compartido que hace posible que hispanohablantes de muy distintas procedencias se entiendan sin dificultad y se reconozcan miembros de una misma comunidad lingüística.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de la imposibilidad de dar cuenta sistemática de todas las variedades que de uno y otro tipo puedan efectivamente darse en las distintas regiones de habla hispana, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; trata de orientar al lector para que pueda discernir, entre usos divergentes, cuáles pertenecen al &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;español estándar&lt;/em&gt; (la lengua general culta)&lt;/strong&gt; y cuáles están marcados geográfica o socioculturalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Wikipedia, esta norma culta se basa en una u otra variante del español según la zona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El español de España (o europeo), para España y resto de Europa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El rioplatense para Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un estándar basado en el mexicano para el resto de países americanos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá haya cierto solapamiento entre el español estándar de América y el español neutro o internacional, pero sería en todo caso un solapamiento natural provocado por compartir zona geográfica, no porque se le aplique ninguna regulación al español neutro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T23:38:10.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T16:01:25.417" Score="3" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Wikipedia page for Spanish words derived from Arabic includes “arroba”, without a definition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America it is widely used for the @symbol on computer keyboards. &#xA;If &lt;em&gt;arroba&lt;/em&gt; is derived from Arabic, what is its original meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18096" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T00:48:18.297" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T00:48:18.297" Title="Is the word &quot;arroba&quot; (@ on keyboard) from Arabic?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;&lt;árabe&gt;&lt;keyboard&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23213" CreationDate="2017-11-14T16:16:30.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the DLE, the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3ljwHF8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arroba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from Arabic &lt;em&gt;arrúb‘&lt;/em&gt;, and this one from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Arabic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Classical Arabic&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;rub‘&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;a fourth part&quot;. In Spanish it was just a weight measure, equivalent to 11.502 kg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be interesting to know... a fourth part of what? According to the Spanish Wikipedia, an &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arroba_(unidad_de_masa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arroba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; was the fourth part of a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quintal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, a weight measure equivalent to 100 &lt;em&gt;libras castellanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T16:23:55.943" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T16:23:55.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T16:27:36.410" Score="5" ViewCount="20758" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE se explica que el significado de &lt;code&gt;pelagatos&lt;/code&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SMVpqUW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelagatos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona insignificante o mediocre, sin posición social o económica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco cómo surgió el sustantivo &lt;code&gt;pelagatos&lt;/code&gt; hay quien sugiere que viene de pelar un gato para comérselo. Sé que, durante algunos momentos de hambruna en España, hay quien recurrió a comer gatos para sobrevivir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay quien dice que &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101016145512AAQrPqo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot; era un bolsón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[..] por hacerse con la piel de ese animal: &lt;em&gt;pelar el gato&lt;/em&gt; era registrarlo hasta el fondo en busca de algún maravedí que pudiera haber quedado en su fondo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no termina de parecerme en principio certero o riguroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se originó el sustantivo &lt;code&gt;pelagatos&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-06T17:21:31.913" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;pelagatos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23216" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23218" CreationDate="2017-11-14T17:06:42.243" Score="6" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo al DLE, la palabra lector viene del latin lector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N3RPAwo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lector, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;lector, -ōris.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que lee o tiene el hábito de leer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en algún momento del español, la palabra usada fue &amp;quot;letor&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No con poco miedo me he atrevido, discretísimo letor, a sacar a luz esta pequeña obra, siendo como soy en edad tan mozo, en ciencia tan falto y en experiencia tan corto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El viaje entretenido, Agustín de Rojas Villadrando, 1603&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si pareciere al letor imposible haber tiempo en lo que sobra del estudio para tantos artes, ni en una vida entera de cien años, digo que dió nuestro Señor al Venturoso tanto entendimiento, que las cosas que en otros fueran menester años para saberlas, en él bastaban días; y en oficios mecánicos y de agricoltura, bastábale una sola vista&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caballero venturoso, Juan Valladares de Valdelomar, 1617&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Quién te podría, letor, manifestar el alegría que don Polindo sintía en su coraçón con tan dulce razonar e piadosa y alegre respuesta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Polindo, Anónimo, 1526&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra en latín ya tenía la combinación de letras &amp;quot;ct&amp;quot;, ¿cómo fue que evolucionó a &amp;quot;letor&amp;quot; y en algún momento de nuevo a &amp;quot;lector&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T22:49:46.747" Title="¿Por qué antes &quot;lector&quot; se decía &quot;letor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23215" CreationDate="2017-11-14T17:37:49.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues lo mismo he dado con el origen de casualidad buscando la respuesta a otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23189/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cómo llegó “botones” a usarse para referirse a un ayudante joven (mozo de hotel)?&lt;/a&gt; Charlie explica que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23193/5481&quot;&gt;viene de los botones que llevaban en sus uniformes estos ayudantes&lt;/a&gt; y en una de las citas incluye&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, cualquier &lt;strong&gt;pelafustrán&lt;/strong&gt; tiene un botones (antes groom).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y me entró la duda sobre qué es un &lt;code&gt;pelafustan&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SMTCtrN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; simplemente se recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelafustán, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;pelagatos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/pelafust%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thefreedictionary&lt;/a&gt; la incluye como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelafustán, -tana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;m. f. desp.Persona holgazana, perdida y pobretona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y como sinónimo de &amp;quot;pelagatos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en el DLE &amp;quot;fustán&amp;quot; aparece como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IeSjA9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fustán&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De origen incierto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Tela gruesa de algodón, con pelo por una de sus caras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://capsuladelengua.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/insultos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capsuladelengua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es bueno saber que el insulto [&lt;strong&gt;pelafustán&lt;/strong&gt;] tiene origen en el fustán, un tipo de tela pachoncito al que,  algunos desocupados, encontraban divertido dedicarse a arrancarle la lanosidad, de ahí que a estos tipos ociosos, sin oficio ni beneficio los llamaran pelafustanes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y de ahí surgió &lt;code&gt;pelafustán&lt;/code&gt; como sinónimo de &amp;quot;holgazán&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;pobretón&amp;quot; y por tanto &amp;quot;sin posición social&amp;quot;. Desde luego la misma lógica se puede a &amp;quot;pelagatos&amp;quot;, y que el término surgiese para referirse a una persona &amp;quot;socialmente insignificante&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;sin posición económica&amp;quot; ya que esta gente estaría (de forma figurativa o literal) rascando, despiojando o perdiendo el tiempo acariciando el pelaje de los gatitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T18:57:42.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23216" CreationDate="2017-11-14T18:20:38.327" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La combinación &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; parece haberles costado algo a los hablantes neolatines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la evolución más típica, el grupo &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; en castellano llegó a ser &lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt;, evidente en palabras como &lt;em&gt;leche&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ocho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la «solución» para facilitar la pronunciación no era solo esa.  En el galaicoportugués, francés y aragonés, el grupo se convirtió en &lt;em&gt;-it-&lt;/em&gt;, y en el portugués, especialmente el dialecto brasileño, sufrió una segunda transformación para las combinaciones que quedaban en que simplemente se suprimió la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;.  En el leonés, además de la solución galaicoportuguesa (en los dialectos occidentales), la solución variaba entre lo del castellano &lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt; y de convertirlo en &lt;em&gt;-ut-&lt;/em&gt; (dialectos centrales y orientales).  En catalán, la solución era simplemente suprimir la &lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt;, a veces modificando la vocal anterior a la vez o convirtiendo el grupo en &lt;em&gt;-lt-&lt;/em&gt;.  En todos los idiomas, algunos cultismos mantuvieron la combinación culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué menciono todo lo de arriba?  Pues porque creo que debe ser evidente que había mucha variación temprano en el idioma.  En el castellano, tenemos restos de todas estas transformaciones.  Aparte de la forma estándar &lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt;, con la vocalización de &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;em&gt;deleitar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pleita&lt;/em&gt;, y en &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;em&gt;auto (de fe)&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pauta&lt;/em&gt;, quitando la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; tenemos &lt;em&gt;adjetivo&lt;/em&gt;, y manteniendo el grupo como en &lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;lector&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  Sin duda, si buscásemos lo suficiente, podríamos encontrar ejemplos de aquellas palabras con otras transformaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, no debe sorprender que se usase alguna u otra vez &lt;em&gt;letor&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &lt;em&gt;leitor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;leutor&lt;/em&gt; especialmente según la zona del hablante y que esas formas convivieron.  Tras el tiempo, con la estandarización de la forma escrita (quién sabe de la hablada), ciertas formas ganaron y de ahí solo encontramos &lt;em&gt;lector&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero &lt;strong&gt;no era, pues, cuestión de ir de &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt;, transformarse en &lt;em&gt;-t-&lt;/em&gt; y volverse a &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sino de coexistir varias formas y ganar una de ellas al final.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Ejemplos existen de algo así, pero se tratan de una transformación y reimportación, como en &lt;em&gt;local&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;lugar&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;local&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T22:49:46.747" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T22:49:46.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23220" CreationDate="2017-11-15T10:12:09.380" Score="5" ViewCount="12841" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un rato el político Pablo Iglesias &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Pablo_Iglesias_/status/930714966755332096&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colgó en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; un vídeo con su interpelación al presidente del Gobierno de España, Mariano Rajoy. En él dice esto en un momento dado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) le voy a leer la definición jurídica de prueba indiciaria: prueba indiciaria es aquella que permite dar por acreditados en un proceso judicial unos hechos a partir de estimar probados otros hechos relacionados de los que cabe deducir razonablemente la certeza o acreditación de los primeros. En &lt;strong&gt;román paladino&lt;/strong&gt;, señor Rajoy, han quedado acreditadas dos cosas: uno, que usted cobró sobresueldos ilegales regularmente al menos desde 1997 hasta 2008; dos, que usted mintió cuando afirmó en sede judicial que jamás cobró sobresueldos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;román paladino&lt;/em&gt; lo describe el DLE como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WdO8jFu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;román&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. &lt;em&gt;roman&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;román paladino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Lenguaje llano y claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que en la frase de arriba funciona como conector entre una definición jurídica algo compleja y una explicación más llana y directa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando del hilo veo que &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; se define así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RVN7iry%7CRVOE10g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paladino&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;palatīnus&lt;/em&gt; 'palaciego', con influencia de &lt;em&gt;palam&lt;/em&gt; 'abiertamente, públicamente'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Público, claro y patente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a paladinas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. desus. paladinamente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  román paladino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paladino&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del it. paladino, y este del lat. palatīnus 'palaciego'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RVJuXin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paladín&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RVJuXin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paladín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Del it. paladino, y este del lat. palatīnus 'palaciego'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    1. m. Caballero fuerte y valeroso que, voluntario en la guerra, se distingue por sus hazañas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    2. m. Defensor denodado de alguien o algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me lleva a &quot;descubrir&quot; que &lt;em&gt;paladín&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;llano, claro&lt;/em&gt; a través de una raíz latina que indica &lt;em&gt;palaciego&lt;/em&gt;, junto con otra que quiere decir &lt;em&gt;abierta o públicamente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta es: ¿qué influencia tiene la raíz &lt;em&gt;palaciega&lt;/em&gt; en convertir algo &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; en algo claro, llano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T10:20:41.770" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:21:29.217" Title="¿Qué es &quot;román paladino&quot;? ¿Cómo pasó &quot;paladino&quot; a significar &quot;claro&quot; si viene de &quot;palaciego&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23219" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:00:23.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hum, complicado. Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, la etimología de la palabra era que venía del latín &lt;em&gt;Palam&lt;/em&gt;, y no consideraba otras etimologías. Define este diccionario la palabra como &quot;público, claro y patente&quot;. Pero todos los diccionarios anteriores la definen como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;paladín&lt;/em&gt;, que sí que viene del latín &lt;em&gt;palatīnus&lt;/em&gt; ('palaciego'). ¿Es posible que sea al revés? ¿Que venga de &lt;em&gt;palam&lt;/em&gt; con influencia de &lt;em&gt;palatīnus&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que estoy viendo textos de hasta el siglo XIII que usan &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; en la forma actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Donquas, el alcalde toiller deue de su oreilla tal conseillo, diziendo li: &quot;Si algo quieres dizir, dime paladino&quot;...&lt;/em&gt; (c1250)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, prácticamente está diciendo &quot;si quieres hablar, habla claro&quot;. O este otro texto de Alfonso X:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque este nuestro libro sea mas paladino &amp;amp; se pueda meior entender.&lt;/em&gt; (1279)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya si lo quieres flipar del todo, observa el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero fer una prosa en román paladino&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en qual suele el pueblo fablar con so vecino,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ca non so tan letrado por fer otro latino,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  bien valdrá, como creo, un vaso de bon vino.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo de Berceo, &quot;Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos&quot;, c1236 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mismita expresión que usamos hoy día, usada para expresar el deseo de escribir en lenguaje llano (me ha encantado: &quot;el que el pueblo habla con su vecino&quot;). Y no encuentro casos anteriores a este al buscar simplemente la palabra &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que este texto puede constituir perfectamente el origen de la expresión, aunque sí he encontrado este otro texto (ligeramente corregido para facilitar su lectura) que usa la forma adverbial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Omne que fuere enemiztado, tal que ni va ni viene a conçeio ni a mercado ni ande por la villa paladinamientre, o omne flaco por vejez o linençioso... (c1196)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este texto se hace referencia a las personas que no pueden andar &lt;em&gt;paladinamente&lt;/em&gt; por la villa, es decir, de forma pública como lo haría alguien sin cargo de conciencia (es decir, como un &lt;em&gt;paladín&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto puede aclarar que, tal y como dice el DLE hoy día, la palabra &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; sí pueda tener la misma etimología que &lt;em&gt;paladín&lt;/em&gt;, entendiendo el contexto en el que usó en los primeros escritos que documentan la expresión &lt;em&gt;paladinamente&lt;/em&gt;: se camina paladinamente cuando no tienes nada que esconder ni de qué avergonzarte. Es decir, mostrándote en público cual paladín. De ahí seguramente apareció el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; por influencia de &lt;em&gt;palam&lt;/em&gt; para expresar la idea de hacer algo en público, de forma clara, sin nada que ocultar. También, según otras fuentes, &lt;em&gt;paladino&lt;/em&gt; en aquella época vendría a significar &quot;manifiesto, conocido por todos&quot;. Supongo que igual que los paladines, que serían figuras conocidas por todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La influencia de &lt;em&gt;palam&lt;/em&gt; se nota también en otras palabras, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GTQLJCb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espaladinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, voz en desuso que equivale a &lt;em&gt;explicar con claridad&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, &quot;hacer algo claro&quot;, y que se usó por las mismas fechas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... por fazerles bien e merced, toviemos por bien de espaladinar aquellas dubdas de guisa que se pudiessen bien entender, e de mejorar e de endereçar...&lt;/em&gt; (1263)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una expresión curiosa que también he encontrado en textos del siglo XIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Á furto ó paladino&lt;/em&gt;: a escondidas o a las claras; en público o en secreto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T11:21:29.217" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:21:29.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:39:35.213" Score="3" ViewCount="6834" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando la respuesta a la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23219/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; es &amp;quot;rom&amp;#225;n paladino&amp;quot;? &amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo pas&amp;#243; &amp;quot;paladino&amp;quot; a significar &amp;quot;claro&amp;quot; si viene de &amp;quot;palaciego&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; llegué al siguiente poema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero fer una prosa en román paladino&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en qual suele el pueblo fablar con so vecino,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ca non so tan letrado por fer otro latino,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  bien valdrá, como creo, un vaso de bon vino.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo de Berceo, &quot;Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos&quot;, c1236 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La interpretación que le doy al poema es: &quot;quiero escribir en lenguaje llano, el que habla el pueblo, porque no tengo conocimientos para hacerlo en latín&quot;... y me falla el último verso. No entiendo la relación entre esto y un vaso de buen vino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué me está fallando en la interpretación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta estrofa es la segunda del poema completo, que se puede leer en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/gonzalo_de_berceo/obra-visor/vida-de-sancto-domingo-de-silos-vida-de-sancta-oria-virgen--0/html/00048970-82b2-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_2.html#I_0_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;biblioteca virtual Miguel de Cervantes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T18:54:45.103" Title="Interpretación de la estrofa &quot;quiero fer una prosa en román paladino&quot; de &quot;Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos&quot; de Gonzalo de Berceo" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;poesía&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23222" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:43:38.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español o castellano medieval, también llamado romance castellano, se refiere a las variantes del castellano habladas en la península ibérica entre el siglo IX hasta entrado el siglo XV aproximadamente; más específicamente antes de que sucediera el reajuste consonántico que daría origen al español contemporáneo. La primera obra extensa de la literatura en castellano medieval es el llamado &lt;em&gt;Cantar de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Poema de mio Cid&lt;/em&gt;, creado a finales del siglo XII o principios del XIII por autor anónimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old Spanish, also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, originally a colloquial Latin spoken in the provinces of the Roman Empire that provided the root for the early form of the Spanish language that was spoken on the Iberian Peninsula from the 10th century until roughly the beginning of the 15th century, before a consonantal readjustment gave rise to the evolution of modern Spanish. The poem &lt;em&gt;Cantar de Mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;The Poem of the Cid&lt;/em&gt;), published around 1200, remains the best known and most extensive work of literature in Old Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T12:10:09.160" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T12:10:09.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23223" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:43:38.550" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el español medieval (siglos IX al XV) / Questions about the Old Spanish language (IX to XV centuries)." OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T11:43:38.550" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:43:38.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23205" CreationDate="2017-11-15T12:02:46.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/930704011367460865&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Consultada a la RAE&lt;/a&gt; en Twitter (y viendo que aprovechan el nuevo límite de 280 caracteres), &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/930729986591547392&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me responden&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, cabría en las dos acepciones que menciona. El DEA de M. Seco trae una acepción coloquial transitiva 'dar (hacer o realizar)', indicando que el CD expresa acción o efecto. Los ejemplos son de «pegarse un paseo/una vida» y «pegar voces».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario al que se refiere es el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español actual&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/academicos/manuel-seco-reymundo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Manuel Seco Reymundo&lt;/a&gt;, publicado en 1999 y considerado el último diccionario &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/1999/10/05/cultura/939074414_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hecho a mano&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Por tanto, parece que al final las tres opciones que comentaba eran válidas: encaja tanto en la acepción 7 como en la 13 y como en una acepción nueva (que sería la recogida en el DEA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T12:02:46.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23227" CreationDate="2017-11-15T14:32:12.840" Score="4" ViewCount="2666" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de &amp;quot;de antemano&amp;quot; es claro: da la idea de &amp;quot;anticipación&amp;quot;. Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sabemos de antemano qué dirección va a tomar o cuáles puedan ser los resultados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, quiero disculparme de antemano por no poder quedarme hasta el final del debate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero dar las gracias de antemano a los miembros por su participación activa y decidida en esa reunión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE se puede encontrar su explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2n59e5d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antemano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;ante&lt;/em&gt;- y &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de antemano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Con anticipación, anteriormente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, la palabra está compuesta por ante y mano. &amp;quot;Ante&amp;quot; se entiende. Lo que no me queda claro es que papel juega la palabra &amp;quot;mano&amp;quot; en el significado de la palabra. ¿Es algo anatómico o qué explicación existe? Las entradas para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OF9CzGo%7COFAJXYy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mano&lt;/a&gt;  tampoco me dan alguna idea al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T15:57:48.203" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;antemano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23225" CreationDate="2017-11-15T15:09:59.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, dejando de lado la etimología... Supongo que su origen es igual que palabras como &quot;Ojalá&quot;, que convirtieron frases en palabras de uso diario. Podría originarse de, como etimología lo indica, la &quot;Anticipación&quot; a algo. Esta palabra pudo originarse de que antes de cerrar un trato ( dándose la mano ) ya se sabía con anticipación el resultado de dicho trato : &quot;Antes de la mano&quot; (Cierre de trato con la mano [manibus ante]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18100" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T15:09:59.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23225" CreationDate="2017-11-15T15:10:19.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; no tiene ninguna acepción extraña: se refiere a la mano tal cual. El truco está en &lt;em&gt;ante&lt;/em&gt;, que se debe entender como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2lpQu7Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frente a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir: lo que tienes frente a las manos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate en la definición que da Covarrubias de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ANTEMANO, lo que se ha de presente, antes de tratar el negocio, o venta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la idea es: antes de tratar otras cosas, tratemos lo que tenemos delante (de las manos). Esto se ve también en las traducciones que se dan a otros idiomas en diccionarios de la misma época (principios del siglo XVII):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antemáno. G. devant main. I. &lt;em&gt;inanzi mano.&lt;/em&gt; L prae manibus. A. &lt;em&gt;before hand.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que se mantiene la idea de algo &quot;ante la mano&quot; en todas las traducciones, incluso en latín. Los primeros casos del CORDE son del siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... y, ansí mesmo, da al tercero 12 ducados de antemano...&lt;/em&gt; (1512)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usa, como ves, el mismo significado que tiene actualmente. En algunos textos se prescinde de la preposición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alhóndiga común y mayordomos d'ella pueden comprar pan antemano, y han de ser preferidos en la compra por el tanto a otros qualesquier.&lt;/em&gt; (1523-1551)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1729) da otro significado y explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ANTEMANO. s.m. Agasájo, dádiva, regálo, que anticipadamente se dá como prenda y señal para ganar la voluntád de alguno, à fin de lograr lo que se deséa, ò pretende de él. Dícese Antemano, porque se anticipa y dá en la mano de contádo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en este caso la palabra actúa como sustantivo y no como adverbio. Pero es posible que esta definición sea la que originó el uso como adverbio, aunque curiosamente no encuentro en el CORDE ninguna frase de la época que coincida con este significado. El propio &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; pone como ejemplo una frase de Quevedo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hijas lo que conviene es tengámos y tengámos, y encomendaros al contante y al antemáno.&lt;/em&gt; (1635-1645)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que esta definición no sobrevivió más allá del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, quedando olvidada en posteriores ediciones y apareciendo tan solo la referente al adverbio (o el modismo adverbial &quot;de antemano&quot;). Sin embargo, ahora que lo veo, la definición de Covarrubias sí que parece que se refiera más a la definición como sustantivo, si entendemos &quot;lo que se ha de presente&quot; como &quot;lo que se da de presente&quot;. Entonces la explicación del &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; sería la válida, y se entendería &quot;dar algo de antemano&quot; como &quot;dar algo como regalo anticipado&quot;. Y esto además cuadraría con algunas fichas del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; que encuentro con la palabra en femenino y plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decem almakanas antemanas que de parte de mea matre habui...&lt;/em&gt; (1077-78).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T15:57:48.203" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T15:57:48.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23392" CreationDate="2017-11-15T18:35:47.377" Score="11" ViewCount="15249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una manera coloquial de decir que alguien se desmayó es &quot;le dio un patatús&quot;. La palabra tiene una entrada en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S8EAINH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;patatús&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Desmayo, lipotimia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando sobre el origen de la palabra me encontré con las siguientes cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://365palabras.blogspot.com.co/2012/04/patatus.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; el origen es onomatopéyico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con ella designamos un súbito desmayo. Es una palabra onomatopéyica, es decir, que reproduce el sonido de la persona que cae inconsciente al suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad no termino de relacionar el sonido de alguien que cae con la palabra patatús, pero digamos que sea un posible origen. Aunque le veo más sentido a la imagen que se usa para describir el término en esa misma página:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CPO8y.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CPO8y.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La imagen la veo más relacionada con la información en el DLE que dice que viene de &quot;pata&quot; y relacionando pata con los pies que es lo que se ve en la imagen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM%7CS72dH32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;or. inc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Pie y pierna de los animales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Pie de un mueble.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. En las prendas de vestir, cartera, golpe.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Pierna de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, en otra parte me encontré el documento &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.radioverdad.org/system/files/Dic-et-2_Nombres_e_Hipocoristicos_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Etimológica Académica&lt;/a&gt;  donde dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patatús&lt;/strong&gt;: Ver Patatuz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y para Patatuz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patatuz, el&lt;/strong&gt; : Del vulg. &lt;em&gt;pata= pie, pierna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Patudo. Personaje que representa a la muerte&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá podría tener sentido al asociar el &quot;desmayo&quot; con la muerte. Buscando otra relación entre el &quot;Patudo&quot; y muerte encontré &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=ADtKAwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA429&amp;amp;lpg=PA429&amp;amp;dq=Patudo%20muerte&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=5O548mu204&amp;amp;sig=geC99VRUhrdkenFHpXwer_k2I9M&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwibsvK7mMHXAhUC7SYKHUXwBPEQ6AEINTAF#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Patudo%20muerte&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el texto&lt;/a&gt; (Antología de la literatura española. Renacimiento y siglo de oro, Bárbara Mujica)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diabo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Patudo, ve muy saltando,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;llámame la Muerte acá;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dile que ando navegando,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y que la estoy esperando,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que luego se volverá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, &lt;a href=&quot;http://porqueledicen.blogspot.com.co&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otra página&lt;/a&gt;  vincula la palabra con un ritual religioso llamado &quot;Patatú&quot; pero no quedo muy convencido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, las explicaciones divergen mucho. ¿Hay alguna correcta? ¿Es otro el origen de la palabra &quot;patatús&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-05-27T03:23:53.920" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T21:15:42.927" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;patatús&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23229" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23230" CreationDate="2017-11-15T20:28:03.160" Score="4" ViewCount="2073" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2017/11/14/5a074f75e5fdea43778b469c.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este articulo&lt;/a&gt; sobre un señor que pinta unos cuadros que valen una pasta gansa, él explica sus inicios en la pintura en una academia de dibujo. Como contexto, él en esos momento tiene 14 años. No ha visto nunca antes a una mujer desnuda pero en esa academia una vez a la semana una modelo posa desnuda para que la retranten sin ropa (y él lo flipa, claro). El artista explica sobre esa experiencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todas ellas [las modelos] estaban de muy buen año. Los lápices echaban humo. La luz rojiza de la &lt;strong&gt;catalítica&lt;/strong&gt; afrancesaba la escena. Y así... una mezcla de hormonas y grafito... fui aprendiendo a dibujar encantado de la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto entiendo que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;la catalítica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; debe de ser algún tipo de lámpara, pues desprende una luz rojiza, pero no necesariamente. Puede ser algún otro tipo de instrumento (como una estufilla para mantener la temperatura del taller y que la modelo no pase frío).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición del DRAE no parece aplicar en este contexto, pues &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7u72ZZn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catalítico&lt;/a&gt; es &quot;Perteneciente o relativo a la catálisis.&quot; y esta a su vez es el&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incremento de la velocidad de una reacción en presencia de un catalizador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no entiendo como aplicaría esa definición al contexto de la cita, especialmente debido a la referencia a la luz rojiza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es “la catalítica” a la que se hace referencia en esa cita este artículo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T20:53:08.903" Title="¿Qué es “la catalítica” a la que se refiere este artículo?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23229" CreationDate="2017-11-15T20:48:59.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que se trata de una estufa &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.es/angel-tristan/regreso-a-la-catalitica_b_14332130.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En muchas ciudades y lugares de Galicia, como en Santa Marta de Ortigueira, donde paso unos días, se acabaron las existencias de estufas catalíticas. A mal tiempo..., soluciones de emergencia y apropiadas a los esquilmados tiempos que vivimos. &quot;Volvemos al gas&quot;, comentaba la dependienta de una tienda de electrodomésticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y acá la explicación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://estufas.org.es/cataliticas%20Estufas%20catal%C3%ADticas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estufa catalítica&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las estufas catalíticas típicas implican unos pocos componentes primarios, al ser una superficie de calefacción más integral. En la mayoría de los calentadores catalíticos, hay una placa delgada de platino que es el componente activo para acelerar la reacción química. Esta placa de platino se calienta eléctricamente a más de 150 grados C. Esta superficie, cuando se calienta de manera uniforme, reacciona produciendo más energía en forma de calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que las &lt;a href=&quot;http://zona-hogar.com/estufas-cataliticas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuevas&lt;/a&gt; dan una llama azul:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las estufas catalíticas funcionan con gas butano y en la actualidad la mayoría de los modelos funcionan a través de la tecnología denominada “&lt;strong&gt;llama azul&lt;/strong&gt;”, que funcionan mediante un sistema de convección térmica con el que se genera una mayor temperatura durante el proceso, ahorrando energía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero buscando modelos más antiguos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qu14nm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qu14nm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que por eso me imagino que se habla de la luz roja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T20:53:08.903" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T20:53:08.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23231" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T07:54:19.767" Score="4" ViewCount="1393" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé por qué, pero yo siempre he escrito los puntos suspensivos pegados al texto, incluso si la parte omitida va delante de este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...y así es como se usan los &lt;em&gt;streams&lt;/em&gt; en Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que esto lo hago debido a que cuando van al final de frase, se deben escribir pegados al texto, pero no estoy seguro de cuál es la norma en el caso de que deban preceder al texto. Sé que en el caso de una cita textual, si se ha omitido parte del texto citado, deben ir separados, con el uso de corchetes opcional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;[...] a hablar de mi libro. ¿Qué estríns ni qué niño muerto?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francistack Umbralflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿cuál es la norma cuando los puntos suspensivos están reflejando que el hablante ha reanudado el diálogo después de una pausa dubitativa? ¿Y cuando se quiere reflejar que sólo se ha pronunciado la parte final de una palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Serían válidos los siguientes ejemplos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—No me ha quedado claro cómo se usan los... —Julia se quedó pensando un momento, no recordaba la palabra— ...&lt;em&gt;strings&lt;/em&gt; en Java.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —...ava... ...ava... ...ava... —respondió el eco del aula vacía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún otro caso en el que se puedan usar puntos suspensivos pegados a la palabra que sigue? ¿O definitivamente esa norma me la he inventado yo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T13:52:48.653" Title="¿Se debe dejar un espacio entre los puntos suspensivos y el texto cuando aquellos preceden a este?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23231" CreationDate="2017-11-16T08:13:48.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UeXTCzTWiYzjhaDZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nos da la pauta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KppUZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KppUZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos consultar la página de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Puntos_suspensivos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; que también trata el tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los textos impresos aparecen siempre pegados a la palabra o el&#xA;  signo que los precede, y separados por un espacio de la palabra o el&#xA;  signo que los sigue (lo que incluye los puntos suspensivos que marcan&#xA;  un texto omitido en una cita); pero si lo que sigue a los puntos&#xA;  suspensivos es otro signo de puntuación, no se deja espacio entre&#xA;  ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ... fue la aglutinación de los pueblos eslavos de la monarquía austrohúngara. &#xA;    En la Grecia peninsular (Tirinto, Vafio...) se situan lo centros de este estilo. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo estas normas el ejemplo quedaría de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—No me ha quedado claro cómo se usan los...—Julia se quedó pensando &#xA;  un momento, no recordaba la palabra—... strings en Java. —... ava...&#xA;  ava... ava...—respondió el eco del aula vacía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única cosa que no me queda muy clara es qué se hace cuando hay dos puntos suspensivos seguidos, según la norma deberían ir pegados pero eso sería bastante extraño y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=c5GublcDAD6kWvCUUy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; dice: &lt;em&gt;«Signo de puntuación formado por tres puntos consecutivos (...) —y solo tres—»&lt;/em&gt;. Yo entiendo que escribir seis puntos seguidos es poco menos que una aberración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según mi propio criterio creo que la mejor opción es poner solo un grupo de puntos suspensivos cada vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T13:52:48.653" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T13:52:48.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23237" CreationDate="2017-11-16T12:24:00.783" Score="4" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aaaand &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12637/charlie&quot;&gt;Charlie&lt;/a&gt; wins the race, blazing past the cheering spectators at &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23237/13628&quot;&gt;409 chars/answer&lt;/a&gt;!!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Congratulations!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Instantly the Mercedes was airborne. A 3,000-pound metal projectile with a tank of flammable liquid was 15 feet off the ground, rocketing at about 150 mph toward a crowd of spectators, with Levegh still hunched over the wheel. The car hit an embankment and exploded, hurtling fiery chunks of metal into the gathered mass. What was at one moment the social high point of the year —a party accented by the clink of wine glasses and the bellowing of sports car engines— became something unimaginably horrific. Dozens lay prostrate and bleeding. Fire raged; the car's magnesium body, made of a material similar to that used in early camera flashes, melted quickly into a thik soup of white-hot metal. Panic ensued. Those who were able to get on their feet fled and into that wave of foot traffic, photographers covering the race aimed and snapped, freezing shocked faces in black-and-white celluloid.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(723 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is an excerpt from the prologue to &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=4ddp0G3z-y0C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;hl=es#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Go Like Hell&lt;/a&gt;, a book about the rivalry between Henry Ford II and Enzo Ferrari, and the history of the Ford GT40, since its inception to its victory over Ferrari at Le Mans in 1966.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proposed text talks about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955_Le_Mans_disaster&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1955 Le Mans disaster&lt;/a&gt;, a sad milestone in car racing which forced teams and sponsors alike to rethink the role of safety in motor sports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own non-golfed translation follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Instantáneamente el Mercedes saltó por los aires. Un proyectil de metal de 1350 kilos con un tanque de líquido inflamable iba a 5 metros del suelo, como un cohete a unos 240 km/h hacia una multitud de espectadores, con Levegh todavía aferrándose al volante. El coche dio contra un terraplén y explotó, lanzando fieros trozos de metal hacia la masa reunida. Lo que un momento antes era el mayor evento social del año —una fiesta adornada con el tintineo de vasos de vino y el bramido de los motores de los coches de carreras— se convirtió en algo inimaginablemente horrorífico. Docenas estaban postrados y sangrando. El fuego se extendía; el cuerpo de magnesio del coche, hecho de un material similar a lo que usaban los flashes de las cámaras antiguas, se fundió rápidamente en una sopa de metal candente. Cundió el pánico. Los que podían mantenerse en pie huyeron y en medio de esa ola de tráfico a pie, los fotógrafos que cubrían la carrera apuntaban y disparaban, congelando en celuloide blanco y negro las caras en choque.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(823 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T12:28:26.340" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T12:28:26.340" Title="Translation Golf XXVI - Le Mans" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-16T12:28:20.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23243" CreationDate="2017-11-16T12:44:22.267" Score="6" ViewCount="2417" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el modo correcto de decirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este estudio se &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt; explorado varios métodos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En este estudio se &lt;strong&gt;han&lt;/strong&gt; explorado varios métodos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo que cuando estudiaba lengua hace años la profesora decía que&#xA;no es correcto decir &lt;em&gt;habían personas&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;em&gt;había personas&lt;/em&gt;, porque&#xA;el sujeto no es &lt;em&gt;las personas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí supongo que pasará algo parecido en la frase propuesta, pues que &lt;em&gt;varios métodos&lt;/em&gt; no es el sujeto que explora sino el resultado de que alguien haya&#xA;explorado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Al preguntarlo en otro sitio¹ me dicen que del mismo modo hay que&#xA;decir &lt;em&gt;En España &lt;strong&gt;habían&lt;/strong&gt; mil romanos&lt;/em&gt;, pero yo pienso que lo correcto&#xA;es &lt;em&gt;En España &lt;strong&gt;había&lt;/strong&gt; mil romanos&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;habían&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;“¿Había o habían?” &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanolsinmisterios.blogspot.com.es/2011/07/habia-o-habian.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://espanolsinmisterios.blogspot.com.es/2011/07/habia-o-habian.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T20:47:14.753" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:47:14.753" Title="¿&quot;Se ha explorado&quot; o &quot;Se han explorado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;&lt;oraciones-pasivas-reflejas&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23234" CreationDate="2017-11-16T12:48:45.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una magnífica pregunta, y es &quot;un clásico&quot;. La regla es que, si es pasiva refleja, el verbo debe concordar con el sujeto paciente (plural), mientras que si es impersonal, el verbo está en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien, ¿y cómo diferenciarlas? Pues es sencillo: construye la pasiva equivalente con el verbo ser. Si es posible, entonces era pasiva, y por tanto el verbo iba en plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;se han explorado varios caminos&quot;= &quot;varios caminos fueron explorados&quot;. Es equivalente, luego era pasiva refleja → verbo en plural correcto. &quot;Se han explorado varios caminos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no se puede hacer, en cambio, con las que son realmente impersonales. Por ejemplo &quot;se come bien ahí&quot;. No hay forma de convertirla en pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T13:39:27.057" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T13:39:27.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23234" CreationDate="2017-11-16T13:40:06.277" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complementando la respuesta de @FGSUZ, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; habla en esta página al respecto. Para los casos en que se pueda presentar confusión sobre si se trata de oración pasiva refleja u oración impersonal se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal sobre el que recae la acción verbal expresa &lt;strong&gt;cosa&lt;/strong&gt;, debe emplearse la construcción de pasiva refleja; por tanto, el verbo ha de ir en plural si este elemento es plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ej: &lt;em&gt;Se hacen fotocopias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal expresa &lt;strong&gt;persona&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; va precedido de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, se emplea también la construcción de pasiva refleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ej: &lt;em&gt;Se buscan actores para la película&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el elemento nominal expresa &lt;strong&gt;persona&lt;/strong&gt; y va precedido de la preposición &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, debe emplearse la construcción impersonal; por tanto, el verbo irá en singular aunque el elemento nominal sea plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ej: &lt;em&gt;Entre los gitanos se respeta mucho a los ancianos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, podríamos decir que tu ejemplo es, efectivamente, pasiva refleja porque el elemento nominal (los métodos) sobre el que recae la acción verbal expresa cosa y con esto la forma correcta es &amp;quot;han explorado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T13:40:06.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23233" CreationDate="2017-11-16T14:11:45.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;471 435&lt;/strike&gt; 409 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un Mercedes de 1360 &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Mh281FW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kilos&lt;/a&gt;, metal y combustible con Levegh aún al volante, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=910Laee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de choz&lt;/a&gt; cual bala a 15 pies del suelo, a 240 &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MhG3UJg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;km&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KdzJ1hu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;h&lt;/a&gt;, hacia el público, al que arrojó metal en ascuas al explotar contra tierra. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9T6JVX7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clímax&lt;/a&gt; social del año (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YMoT2UO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sonorizado&lt;/a&gt; con los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=66ukfhJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brindis&lt;/a&gt; y el ruido de los motores) mutó en horror. Muchos yacían sangrando. Incendios. La carrocería de magnesio, cual &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I3gkUNG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de vieja cámara, fue sopa densa de metal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WcdRRD4#A0r1RaL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;al rojo&lt;/a&gt;. Pánico. La &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U2brOEw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prensa&lt;/a&gt; allí tomó fotos en película monocroma de las caras en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmEiKOR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de los que huían a pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se han convertido las cantidades al sistema internacional cuando la unidad de medida convertida era más corta que la original.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el Mercedes iba &quot;cual bala a 15 pies del suelo&quot; es que iba volando, no es necesario especificarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Sonorizar&quot; significa &quot;ambientar una escena, un programa, etc., mediante los sonidos adecuados&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las copas de vino solo hacen ruido cuando se chocan para brindar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La &quot;prensa&quot; en su acepción 4 es el &quot;conjunto de personas dedicadas al periodismo&quot;, y eso incluye a los fotógrafos que estaban tomando fotos para la prensa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;La prensa [que estaba] allí [presente]&quot;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T08:31:29.367" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T08:31:29.367" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-16T14:11:45.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23239" CreationDate="2017-11-16T14:31:30.880" Score="4" ViewCount="3414" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace días un amigo que desarrolla software tuvo una entrevista en la que querían medir su nivel de &lt;em&gt;seniority&lt;/em&gt;. Para un poco más de contexto sobre la clasificación junior-senior, la &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/14914/whats-the-difference-between-entry-level-jr-sr-developers/14972#14972&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; a esta pregunta en softwareengineering.stackexchange está muy interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre había pensado que en español no había equivalente para junior y senior, pero a través de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21099/17686&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; vi que existen los equivalentes y que júnior y sénior también aplicarían para estas categorías para las que estoy hablando. Por ejemplo, para sénior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XZlFiwY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sénior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;senior&lt;/em&gt;, comp. de senex '&lt;em&gt;viejo, anciano&lt;/em&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Superior en categoría y experiencia a quienes desempeñan la misma profesión o cargo. Analista sénior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto, me queda la duda de cuál es la mejor traducción de &lt;em&gt;seniority&lt;/em&gt; en español. Algunas cosas que he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google translater propone &amp;quot;antigüedad&amp;quot;. No me convence esta traducción. Es muy genérica y ser antíguo no implica necesariamente tener experiencia superior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://de.pons.com/%C3%BCbersetzung/englisch-spanisch/seniority&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pons&lt;/a&gt;  propone además &amp;quot;veteranía&amp;quot;. La acepción 2 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bi1RtCG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;veterano,na&lt;/a&gt;  en el DLE: &amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;adj. Que ha desempeñado durante mucho tiempo una profesión o un oficio, o tiene experiencia en una actividad&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. Esta suena posible, pero no sé si refleja la mísma idea que sénior: &amp;quot;Superior en categoría y experiencia...&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo me imaginé el término &amp;quot;senioridad&amp;quot;, pero no existe en el DLE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una traducción oficial o adecuada para &amp;quot;seniority&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T19:50:10.997" Title="¿Cuál es la traducción de &quot;Seniority&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23238" CreationDate="2017-11-16T15:30:50.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no hay traducción oficial para ese término y se suele usar el anglicismo. El problema es que el término representa no solo cuánto has estado en un cierto puesto (antigüedad o veteranía) sino lo que sabes o puedes hacer debido al tiempo que has ejercido esas funciones (experiencia o conocimiento). Una persona joven puede tener un puesto de sénior debido a sus excelentes habilidades o experiencia, pese a ser joven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso,  y por proponer o comentar algunas posibilidades o curiosidades, una posibilidad sería &lt;code&gt;preparación&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U3ig61U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;preparación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conocimientos que alguien tiene de cierta materia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, por ejemplo &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/entremujeres/trabajo/en-busqueda/disenar-CV-seniority_0_rJNI4RYv7l.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cómo diseñar tu CV según tu seniority?&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; podría traducirse como &amp;quot;¿Cómo diseñar tu CV según tu preparación?&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque a mi me cuadra mejor `maestría':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ns4bORB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maestría&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Arte y destreza en enseñar o ejecutar algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en algunos sitios tiene el significado de curso de posgrado, por lo que podría entenderse que se hace referencia a la titulación, no a la experiencia en un área.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera &lt;code&gt;pericia&lt;/code&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Sc2spqb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pericia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Sabiduría, práctica, experiencia y habilidad en una ciencia o arte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque ninguna de estas posibilidades recogen por completo el sentido del anglicismo &lt;code&gt;seniority&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad podría ser &lt;code&gt;solera&lt;/code&gt;, y aunque ninguna de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YHHXz2R%7CYHICGnN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las acepciones de &amp;quot;solera&amp;quot; de acuerdo al DRAE&lt;/a&gt; expresa &amp;quot;madurez o veteranía&amp;quot; la expresión &amp;quot;tener solera&amp;quot; se usa para expresar que se tiene mayor antigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice que &amp;quot;tiene solera&amp;quot; todo aquello que por haber pasado tiempo posee antigüedad o se ha convertido en tradición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase proviene del ámbito de la enología. Y se dice del vino añejo o del que más tiempo ha pasado en la bodega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2013/06/24/tener-solera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tener solera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T19:50:10.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23241" CreationDate="2017-11-16T20:02:43.847" Score="5" ViewCount="3138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23202/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; ra&amp;#237;z es la que forma &amp;quot;comestible&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;bebestible&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; nos fijamos en que el DLE recoge estas duplas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comestible / comible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bebestible / bebible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;digestible / digerible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5GyjeTc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bebible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Dicho de un líquido: No del todo desagradable al paladar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5Gqznrv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bebestible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, formado a imit. de &lt;em&gt;comestible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Que se puede beber. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vn1Dn2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; e &lt;em&gt;-ible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Dicho de cosas de comer: Que no son enteramente desagradables al paladar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9vcBo0L&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comestible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;comestibĭlis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que se puede comer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Todo género de alimento. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente el caso particular donde son directamente sinónimas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dkpce8V&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;digestible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;digestibĭlis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que puede ser digerido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dkfv8Vh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;digerible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;digerir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dkpce8V&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;digestible&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal y como comentó &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23203/1674&quot;&gt;Charlie en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ble&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Forma adjetivos casi siempre deverbales. Indica posibilidad pasiva, es decir, capacidad o aptitud para recibir la acción del verbo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, ¿qué diferencia hay entre que algo pueda comerse y que sea comible? ¿Una puñado de arena es comible pero no comestible, pues no aporta alimento? Y un vaso de cianuro, ¿es bebestible pero no bebible porque sienta algo mal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T20:22:18.773" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;comestible&quot; y &quot;comible&quot;? ¿Y entre &quot;bebestible&quot; y &quot;bebible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23240" CreationDate="2017-11-16T20:20:33.380" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/comible-y-comestible-no-significan-lo-mismo/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fundéu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  nos da la respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comible es lo que no desagrada al paladar, mientras que comestible alude a lo que se puede ingerir sin que haga daño al organismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esto agregan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta forma, cuando se dice que «Aunque esta seta es comestible, no es comible porque su sabor no es del todo agradable» se indica que la seta &lt;strong&gt;se puede comer sin intoxicarse (comestible)&lt;/strong&gt;, pero el sabor resulta desagradable (no del todo comible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y agrego lo que puse en un comentario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las alcaparras o las aceitunas son &lt;em&gt;comestibles&lt;/em&gt;. Pero en mi caso particular no son &lt;em&gt;comibles&lt;/em&gt; porque me saben muy mal (no son agradables a mi paladar). Con esto diría que: lo comible es comestible, pero no todo lo comestible es comible. Lo comestible indica capacidad y lo comible gusto en hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T20:22:18.773" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T20:22:18.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23234" CreationDate="2017-11-17T01:43:15.967" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría completar la respuesta de Mauricio con un buen artículo que habla de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Pasiva%20refleja-Vacilaciones%20en%20la%20concordancia.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vacilaciones en la concordancia&lt;/a&gt; en este tipo de construcciones y que presenta las posturas de distintos gramáticos, no sólo de la RAE. (Debo aclarar que, a pesar de las virtudes del artículo, tengo serios reparos en cuanto a las perífrasis verbales donde el infinitivo puede interpretarse como sujeto, lo que justifica ampliamente el singular a pesar de que siga un sujeto/objeto plural, como en &amp;quot;Se desea encontrar soluciones&amp;quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son buenas las recomendaciones que hace la RAE, pero si tienen tiempo de leer el artículo verán que la posición de la Academia es algo simplista. En efecto, no podemos dejar de tener en cuenta que hay casos en que el singular es bastante común o, inclusive, la única alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En anuncios, carteles, murales, etc.:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;arregla&lt;/strong&gt; paraguas. (También: Se arregla&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En ciertas perífrasis verbales:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;tendría que castigar&lt;/strong&gt; esos delitos. (También: Se tendría&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;puede / suele / debe&lt;/strong&gt; pavimentar las calles. (También: Se puede&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;/suele&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;/debe&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;acabó por adoptar&lt;/strong&gt; otras costumbres. (Tal vez la mejor alternativa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;trató de superar&lt;/strong&gt; esos inconvenientes. (Tal vez la mejor alternativa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta concordancia con el singular se vuelve más clara si se duplica el objeto directo de la impersonal, colocando el sustantivo al comienzo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En cuanto a) Esos inconvenientes, &lt;strong&gt;se trató&lt;/strong&gt; de superarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actores, se &lt;strong&gt;busca&lt;/strong&gt; por doquier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con ciertos verbos donde &amp;quot;semánticamente&amp;quot; hay un sujeto tácito:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;recibió&lt;/strong&gt; a los turistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;aplaudió&lt;/strong&gt; a los jugadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;premió&lt;/strong&gt; a los ganadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;habla&lt;/strong&gt; idiomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;nombrará&lt;/strong&gt; a los nuevos ministros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;encontró&lt;/strong&gt; diamantes. (Suena más a un descubrimiento minero que &amp;quot;Se encontraron diamantes&amp;quot;, donde parece tratarse sólo del hallazgo de objetos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando el objeto está formado por dos sintagmas nominales coordinados:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo se &lt;strong&gt;oía&lt;/strong&gt; el blando batir de las olas y el canto monótono de un grillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando hay distancia entre el verbo y el sintagma nominal en plural:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;veía&lt;/strong&gt; a un lado y a otro las mansiones señoriales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En estos dos últimos casos, también coincide que los verbos de percepción favorecen la falta de concordancia.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con verbos ditransitivos:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se les &lt;strong&gt;da&lt;/strong&gt; caramelos a los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inclusive puede haber impersonales concordadas, como:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos libros no se vende&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;. (La idea no es que no son vendidos, sino que no están a la venta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T09:48:12.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23246" CreationDate="2017-11-17T03:00:25.403" Score="4" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe o se puede usar alguna palabra o término para aquel que comete repetidamente &quot;tentativas de homicidios&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como el que comete un homicidio es un homicida, ¿qué sería el que comete tentativas de homicidio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-17T11:59:00.423" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T11:59:00.423" Title="¿Cómo se le dice al que comete &quot;tentativas de homicidios&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23233" CreationDate="2017-11-17T03:02:34.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;620 characters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Meche voló de pronto. Un obús metálico de 3000 libras con un tanque de fluido inflamable levantó 15 pies del piso, disparado como a 150 mph contra el público, con Levegh aún al volante. El coche cayó en un talud y detonó, echando cachos de metal ígneo a los que estaban ahí. Lo que fue ápice social del año (fiesta marcada por tintineos de copas de vino y motores de coche deportivo rugiendo) devino pandemonio.&#xA;Docenas estaban tirados sangrando. El fuego ardía. La lámina de magnesio del coche, de material como de flashes de cámara vieja, se fundió en una densa sopa de metal al blanco. Empezó el pánico. Los que podían pararse huyeron, y los fotógrafos que cubrían la carrera apuntaron a esa ola peatonal, disparando, fijando caras de susto en celuloide blanco y negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T07:43:43.510" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-17T03:02:34.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23244" CreationDate="2017-11-17T08:03:46.280" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sigue siendo un &lt;strong&gt;homicida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el código penal, el homicidio admite las formas imperfectas, llamadas &lt;em&gt;homicidio en grado de tentativa&lt;/em&gt;. Lo importante en este caso no es si el homicidio se ha llegado a consumar o no, sino la intención del que comete el delito. Si la intención es cometer un homicidio, no importa si llegó a hacerlo o si falló, esa persona es un homicida desde el momento en que su intención es cometer dicho delito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la intención no era asesinar, entonces hablaríamos de &lt;em&gt;delito de lesiones&lt;/em&gt;, y el calificativo sería diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-17T08:09:19.777" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T08:09:19.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T08:36:49.367" Score="6" ViewCount="3403" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, la palabra &lt;em&gt;pedazo&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción coloquial que conocemos en España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SIH8YqC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pedazo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;pitaccĭum&lt;/em&gt;, metát. del lat. &lt;em&gt;pittacĭum&lt;/em&gt; 'trozo de&#xA;  cuero', 'colgajo', y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;πιττάκιον pittákion&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Parte o porción de algo separada del todo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cualquier parte de un todo físico o moral.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. U., seguido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, para reforzar el significado del adjetivo o del sustantivo al que antecede.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta tercera acepción es la que nos permite decir cosas como &quot;¡vaya pedazo de coche que tienes!&quot; o &quot;ese tío es un pedazo de bruto&quot;. Y me pregunto: ¿cómo es posible que una parte de un todo se llegara a usar para intensificar la cualidad del adjetivo o sustantivo que sigue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente he visto un anuncio de una marca de chocolate cuyo eslogan es &quot;pedazo de sabor&quot;. Y la verdad es que me cuadraba que la expresión tuviera un origen publicitario, algo así como &quot;un pedazo del chocolate X es un pedazo de sabor&quot;. En todo caso, esto no es más que una elucubración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;pedazo de...&quot; como refuerzo de significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿Se usa en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TERESA: [...] (A MALIBRÁN) ¿Alcanzó usted a Varessi?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MALIBRÁN: Le oí en Italia. ¡Qué pedazo de barítono!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Realidad. Novela en cinco jornadas&quot;, 1889 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esta pregunta aplica también a la palabra &lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6Xvqvzr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cacho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. *&lt;em&gt;caccŭlus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. &lt;em&gt;caccăbus&lt;/em&gt; 'olla'; cf. gall.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;/em&gt; 'vasija rota, pedazo quebrado de una vasija' y port. &lt;em&gt;caco&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  'cacharro, pedazo de loza'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Pedazo o trozo de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. U., generalmente seguido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, para reforzar el significado del adjetivo o del sustantivo al que antecede.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay duda que así, varonilmente desaliñado, húmeda la piel de transpiración ligera, terciada la escopeta al hombro, era un cacho de buen mozo el marqués [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;Los pazos de Ulloa&quot;, 1886 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-09-23T08:00:04.693" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T08:00:04.693" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;pedazo/cacho de...&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23256" CreationDate="2017-11-17T14:55:12.803" Score="3" ViewCount="4261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading the introduction to this article &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/economia/2017/11/17/actualidad/1510923878_046872.html#?ref=rss&amp;amp;format=simple&amp;amp;link=guid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Audiencia Nacional abre juicio a Rodrigo Rato y 34 acusados por la salida a Bolsa de Bankia&lt;/a&gt; I find the phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de la causa que investiga la &lt;strong&gt;salida a&lt;/strong&gt; Bolsa de la entidad bancaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking in the DLE I find many (41) definitions for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X42OtRP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; but they nearly all use &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; not &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. The exceptions do not seem to correspond to the meaning here. I take it that the phrase is about the banking organisation leaving the stock exchange, I am not looking for a translation. So my question is why is it not &lt;em&gt;la salida de la Bolsa&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a Q&amp;amp;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12326/difference-between-a-and-de&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; about the difference between &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; but that does not help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-17T14:57:36.697" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:08:38.377" Title="Difference between &quot;salir a&quot; and &quot;salir de&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23260" CreationDate="2017-11-17T15:53:40.283" Score="4" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verses of Leon Gieco's song, &quot;Sólo le pido a Dios&quot;, follow a pattern like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo le pido a Dios&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que la guerra no me sea indiferente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second line is giving me trouble.  Does it mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Que yo no sea indiferente frente a la guerra &#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That I not be indifferent toward war&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Que la guerra no sea indiferente frente a mí&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That war not be indifferent toward me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on context, I'd think that (1) is correct.  But logically translating the phrase, it seems like (2) is correct.  Specifically, it seems that the subject of &quot;sea&quot; must be &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;, and if that's the case, then &quot;indiferente&quot; must be the feeling of &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;, not my feelings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Castellano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las estrofas de la canción &quot;Sólo le pido a Dios&quot;, por Leon Gieco, siguen el modelo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo le pido a Dios&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que la guerra no me sea indiferente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda línea me está dando problemas.  ¿Significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Que yo no sea indiferente frente a la guerra &#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That I not be indifferent toward war&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Que la guerra no sea indiferente frente a mí&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That war not be indifferent toward me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del contexto, pienso que (1) es correcto.  Pero traduciendo la frase lógicamente, me parece que (2) es correcto.  Especificamente, me parece que el sujeto de la palabra &quot;sea&quot; debe ser &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;, y si eso es correcto, entonces &quot;indiferente&quot; debe ser el sentimiento de &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;, no el de mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another example / Otro ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que mi enemigo no me sea indiferente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should it be / Debe ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That I not be indifferent toward my enemy&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;O sea, quiero que yo le odie a mi enemigo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;That my enemy not be indifferent toward me  &#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;O sea, quiero que mi enemigo me odie a mí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I understand &quot;que la guerra no me sea indiferente&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo debo entender &quot;que la guerra no me sea indiferente&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T15:21:23.950" Title="How should I understand &quot;que la guerra no me sea indiferente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23252" CreationDate="2017-11-17T16:08:40.187" Score="5" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a single word in Spanish that can be used as &amp;quot;namesake&amp;quot; in English in the sense of &amp;quot;the person who someone is named after&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if I want to say that James Joyce's character Dedalus lives up to his namesake, the mythological Daedalus, is there a word to refer to the latter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not tocayo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZwMRuMo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tocayo, ya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Respecto de una persona, otra que tiene su mismo nombre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nor is it an eponym:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fyrs2xP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;epónimo, ma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἐπώνυμος epṓnymos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. cult. Dicho de una persona o de una cosa: Que tiene un nombre con el que se pasa a denominar un pueblo, una ciudad, una enfermedad, etc. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T07:07:51.487" Title="Noun for the person who someone was named after" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23251" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T16:41:56.383" Score="7" ViewCount="3127" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una gran controversia sobre las connotaciones del término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JxlUKkm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (tanto en inglés como en español) y otros relacionados como &lt;em&gt;cracker&lt;/em&gt;. Incluso se llegan a hacer las distinciones de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cybrary.it/0p3n/types-of-hackers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;white/black/grey hat hacker&lt;/a&gt; (entre otras) para resaltar de forma explícita ciertos matices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hack&lt;/code&gt; ha adquirido por tanto las connotaciones de &amp;quot;pirateo&amp;quot; de computadoras, pero el término originalmente se refiere a algo así como un hachazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hack&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to cut or sever with repeated irregular or unskillful blows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Merriam-Webster dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de este sentido de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;To chop or cut down in a rough manner&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; ha derivado a otro de &amp;quot;aplicar un truco&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(transitive, colloquial, by extension) &lt;strong&gt;To apply a trick&lt;/strong&gt;, shortcut, skill, or novelty method to something to increase productivity, efficiency or ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición de &amp;quot;hack&amp;quot; en wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez por ese sentido de &amp;quot;conseguir hacer algo aunque no sea de la manera más ortodoxa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ello que se ha acuñado el término &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_hack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;life hack&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; para designar a esos `trucos, atajos, habilidades o nuevos métodos que permiten incrementar la productividad y eficiencia en los diversos aspectos de la vida&amp;quot;. El término se usa ampliamente, e incluso hay una stack dedicado a ellos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://lifehacks.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lifehacks beta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A estas alturas los anglicismos &lt;code&gt;hacker&lt;/code&gt; y 'hackeo&lt;code&gt;están plenamente aceptados y son intraducibles, pero&lt;/code&gt;hack&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;lifehack` no tienen porqué estarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducirlo como &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;hackeo de la vida&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; sería bastante lamentable, pero quizá entendible (y asumible) debido a la amplia aceptación de &lt;code&gt;hacer&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;hackeo&lt;/code&gt;. Puede ser que nos baste con términos muy simples como &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=apU9FQv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;truco&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, pero también es posible que cada uno de los términos usados en la definición (trucos, atajos, habilidades y/o métodos) no recoja por sí solo todas las connotaciones de un &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;life hack&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;. Quizá existan modismos que puedan ayudar en la traducción de este término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En nuestra constante lucha (en el mejor sentido de la palabra) contra los anglicismos, ¿qué podemos usar como mejor traducción de &amp;quot;life hack&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de uso (cortesía del stack de &lt;a href=&quot;https://lifehacks.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;Lifehacks&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Lifehacks&lt;/strong&gt; Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people looking to &lt;strong&gt;bypass life's everyday problems with simple tricks&lt;/strong&gt;.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are there any &lt;strong&gt;lifehacks&lt;/strong&gt; to help the touchpad respond like when it was new?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are there any &lt;strong&gt;lifehacks&lt;/strong&gt; to open push/pull doors while in a wheelchair, unable to walk?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are there any &lt;strong&gt;lifehacks&lt;/strong&gt; to get rid of creepy crawly insects in the house?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for &lt;strong&gt;lifehacks&lt;/strong&gt; regarding how to clean oneself without using too much water, and preferably without any special equipment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T18:42:40.510" Title="¿Existe una traducción para “lifehack” en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23250" CreationDate="2017-11-17T16:44:55.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you have the term &lt;code&gt;homónimo&lt;/code&gt; which takes a little bit further the connotations of a &lt;code&gt;tocayo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;homónimo, ma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona o de una cosa: Que, con respecto de otra, &lt;strong&gt;tiene el mismo nombre&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The connotation is that another &amp;quot;Diego&amp;quot; is my &lt;code&gt;tocayo&lt;/code&gt;, but if what we share is the last name (apellido) instead of the first name, then that person would not be my &lt;code&gt;tocayo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;code&gt;homónimo&lt;/code&gt; has that meaning of &amp;quot;same name as&amp;quot;. To clarify, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Córdoba argentina y la española son ciudades &lt;strong&gt;homónimas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/hom%C3%B3nimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El equipo argentino River Plate deberá enfrentarse a su &lt;strong&gt;homónimo&lt;/strong&gt; de Uruguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Foo Fighters ha debutado con un disco &lt;strong&gt;homónimo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom Hanks protagoniza el film “El código da Vinci” que es la adaptación cinematográfica del libro &lt;strong&gt;homónimo&lt;/strong&gt; escrito en 2003 por el norteamericano Dan Brown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://definicion.de/homonimo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you would not use &amp;quot;tocayos/as&amp;quot; in these cases. Notice that according to the definitio &amp;quot;tocayo&amp;quot; is used only for people while &amp;quot;homónimo&amp;quot; is used for people and things, which gives this latter one a boarder meaning. You could say, in reference to your example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dédalo, el personaje de James Joyce, vive de acuerdo (o hace honor) a su &lt;strong&gt;homónimo&lt;/strong&gt; mitológico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are more likely to find &lt;code&gt;homónimo&lt;/code&gt; if what matches is the last name (apellido) instead of the first name (nombre de pila). See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldia.com/nota/2017-7-30-12-38-40-mayer-derroto-a-su-homonimo-aleman-y-se-consagro-campeon-en-hamburgo-deportes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; in which Leonardo &lt;em&gt;Mayer&lt;/em&gt; beats his &lt;em&gt;namesake&lt;/em&gt; Florian &lt;em&gt;Mayer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T19:47:42.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23249" CreationDate="2017-11-17T17:06:09.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the meaning and use of &lt;em&gt;indiferente&lt;/em&gt; in the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LOJb0zM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indiferente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;3. adj. Que no despierta interés o afecto. &lt;em&gt;Ese hombre me es indiferente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, in present &amp;quot;ser indiferente&amp;quot; (not to arouse interest or affection) is commonly used with the structure me/te/le/les/nos... + es + indiferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese hombre me es indiferente -&amp;gt; I am indifferent to that man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La guerra me es indiferente -&amp;gt; I am indifferent to the war&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with &amp;quot;Que la guerra no me sea indiferente&amp;quot;, the author expresses that he does not want to be indifferent to the war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T05:06:10.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23251" CreationDate="2017-11-17T18:09:58.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &quot;Consejos útiles&quot;? La edición en linea de &lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.selecciones.com/contenido/s212_consejos-utiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selecciones (Reader's digest)&lt;/a&gt; tiene una sección con ese nombre y por el contenido que tiene se asemeja bastante al significado que se le da a &lt;em&gt;lifehack&lt;/em&gt;. Títulos de artículos en esta sección:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.selecciones.com/contenido/a4828_soluciones-faciles-para-ventanas-sucias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soluciones fáciles para ventanas sucias&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.selecciones.com/contenido/a4799_seis-atajos-del-teclado-para-navegar-mejor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seis atajos del teclado para navegar mejor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.selecciones.com/contenido/a4771_tips-para-eliminar-malos-olores&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tips para eliminar malos olores&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.selecciones.com/contenido/a4739_celular-tres-trucos-para-ahorrar-datos-y-dinero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Celular: tres trucos para ahorrar datos y dinero&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T20:38:53.360" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T20:38:53.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23251" CreationDate="2017-11-17T20:53:31.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trucos/datos útiles&lt;/strong&gt; son buenas interpretaciones idiomáticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T20:53:31.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23248" CreationDate="2017-11-17T21:43:44.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gestion.org/gestion-financiera/mercados-financieros/5814/el-mercado-de-valores-y-salir-a-bolsa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Salir a bolsa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is an idiomatic expression, that is, a fixed phrase with a specific meaning that is not totally obvious from the words (like its equivalent in English, &lt;em&gt;going public&lt;/em&gt;, I guess). It is a well-known phrase in the terminology of financial markets:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salir a bolsa&lt;/strong&gt; consiste en un proceso que se orienta a que las acciones de una empresa coticen en la bolsa, es decir, que se puedan&#xA;  comprar y vender de manera libre. Esta acción permite a que personas&#xA;  con ahorros o capital puedan invertir en una empresa para obtener&#xA;  beneficios a medio y largo plazo, aunque siempre teniendo en cuenta el&#xA;  riesgo que supone, y consiste en una acción que permite a la empresa&#xA;  obtener la financiación que necesita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the meaning of the phrase itself is not immediately apparent, the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; makes sense: together with &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt; it refers to movement &quot;out into&quot; some larger place, often with some purpose. There are many phrases that use &lt;em&gt;salir a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir a jugar&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go out to play&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir a hablar&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;start to talk&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir al campo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go out into the field&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir al sol&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go outside, under the sun&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are instances where &lt;em&gt;salir de&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to go out and engage in some activity&quot;, most of which refer to partying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de farra/parranda/joda&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go out partying&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de compras&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go shopping&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de paseo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go take a walk/ride&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de gira&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go on a tour&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this usage, where the bare noun following &lt;em&gt;salir de&lt;/em&gt; refers to certain kinds of activities, it's not likely that &lt;em&gt;salir de bolsa&lt;/em&gt; would be understood as &quot;go out and offer shares; go public&quot;. Instead it would probably be parsed in the same way as the common uses of &lt;em&gt;salir de&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;go out from, abandon, exit&quot;, that is, the exact opposite of the intended meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-18T12:37:49.170" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T12:37:49.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23250" CreationDate="2017-11-18T05:04:21.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dedalus honró a la figura mitológica por la que se nombró, Daedalus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;persona por la que me nombraron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T05:04:21.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23662" CreationDate="2017-11-18T12:16:26.593" Score="10" ViewCount="569" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si se te muere tu pareja, eres viuda o viudo; si se te muere alguno de tus progenitores eres huérfano o huérfana. ¿Pero cómo llamamos a los padres y madres a los que se les muere un hijo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Federación Española de Padres de Niños con Cáncer le ha pedido a la Real Academia Española que acepte el término '&lt;strong&gt;huérfilo&lt;/strong&gt;'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/papel/historias/2017/11/18/5a0eed3ae2704e35418b4572.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Artículo de El Mundo&lt;/a&gt; fechado el 18/11/2017.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;huérfano&lt;/strong&gt; define, tanto al hijo que ha perdido a sus padres, como a los padres que han perdido a sus hijos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlM0Mgt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huérfano, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;orphănus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. ὀρφανός &lt;em&gt;orphanós&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de una persona menor de edad: A quien se le han muerto el padre y la madre o uno de los dos. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2. adj. poét. Dicho de una persona: A quien se le han muerto los hijos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que esa acepción la marca como de uso poético, pero ahí está. Y consultando Wiktionary, veo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BD%80%CF%81%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la raíz griega&lt;/a&gt; también incluye ese significado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero bueno... Entiendo el deseo de los padres de disponer de una palabra más específica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el término propuesto: &lt;em&gt;&quot;huérfilo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, en mi opinión, deja mucho que desear.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Parece un intento de mezclar &quot;huérfano&quot; con &lt;em&gt;filius&lt;/em&gt; (hijo) o con &lt;em&gt;philos&lt;/em&gt; (amor fraternal), pero sin saber bien lo que se está haciendo; en la línea de otras ocurrencias como &quot;homofobia&quot; o &quot;vigorexia&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;De hecho, si llego a encontrarme la palabra &lt;em&gt;&quot;huérfilo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; sin haber leído antes el artículo, habría pensado que significaba &quot;persona que le gustan los huérfanos&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lanzo pues la pregunta al stack: sin contar &quot;huérfano&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;¿qué palabra podría usarse para definir a los padres y madres que han perdido a sus hijos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;También valen neologismos razonados y razonables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T08:43:03.283" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:41:59.763" Title="¿&quot;Huérfilo&quot; como palabra para definir a progenitores que han perdido a sus hijos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23280" CreationDate="2017-11-18T12:50:14.320" Score="9" ViewCount="2809" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZziM5kP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tomate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. m. coloq. Roto o agujero hecho en una prenda de punto, como una media, un calcetín, un guante, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción, por lo que he visto, aparece por primera vez en el DRAE de &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt; y no parece tener una clara relación con la acepción principal de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZziM5kP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tomate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Baya roja, fruto de la tomatera, de superficie lisa y brillante, en cuya pulpa hay numerosas semillas algo aplastadas y amarillas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No aparece en el Diccionario de Americanismos, por lo que supongo que el uso se restringe a España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo / por qué adquirió &lt;strong&gt;tomate&lt;/strong&gt; este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2018-06-08T23:36:54.943" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T23:36:54.943" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;tomate&quot; el significado de &quot;roto o agujero en una prenda de punto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23249" CreationDate="2017-11-18T14:59:04.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Mauricio's interpretation, which is the correct one, but also agree with Nathaniel's sense of ambiguity. With &quot;war&quot; being inanimate, we cannot normally expect it to be indifferent toward us, unless it is personified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an &quot;X es indiferente a Y&quot; structure, the usual interpretation is &quot;X is indifferent to Y&quot;, but I think it is also possible to interpret it as &quot;Y is indifferent to X.&quot; This ambiguity will arise when X is animate or personified, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La muerte me es indiferente. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) will usually mean &quot;I don't care about death,&quot; but it can also mean &quot;Death does not pay attention to me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With animate subjects, the ambiguity is stronger:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juana me es indiferente (Juana es indiferente conmigo/hacia mí -- &lt;em&gt;Juana is indifferent to me&lt;/em&gt; or Siento indiferencia hacia Juana -- &lt;em&gt;I am indifferent to Juana&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, &quot;me&quot; is an indirect object. According to item 35.3.1j of RAE's NGLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] los complementos argumentales de ciertos adjetivos se manifiestan sintácticamente como pronombres dativos que inciden sobre todo el grupo verbal, a veces en alternancia con otros predicados. Se obtienen así pares como &lt;em&gt;Me es útil = Me sirve; No me es posible ir = No puedo ir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure above also occurs with other verbs like &lt;em&gt;estar, parecer, resultar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, where does the ambiguity stem from? It lies in the meaning of &quot;indiferente&quot;. Unfortunately, once again RAE's dictionary is not thorough enough. In the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/indiferente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Free Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, we find two possible acceptations for this adjective which are related to the case at issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que no despierta deseo, afecto o interés en otra persona &lt;em&gt;Él y su compañero me son indiferentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que no se emociona, apasiona o conmueve &lt;em&gt;Es indiferente a la miseria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) would apply to the case of Juana not arousing my interest, and (4) to the case of &quot;I&quot; feeling indifference or apathy toward Juana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T15:21:23.950" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T15:21:23.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2017-11-18T15:14:37.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Panama, &quot;guineo&quot; is used for the fruit you eat raw and &quot;plátano&quot; for the one you have to cook. Interestingly, the fruit you need to cook is broken into two categories depending on whether it's ripe or not. The green plantain is sliced cross-wise, the pieces are fried, then removed and flattened and fried again. Those are called &quot;patacones&quot; (&quot;tostones&quot; in Puerto Rico).Ripe plantains are sliced length-wise and fried. Those are called &quot;tajadas.&quot; You don't cut green ones length-wise and you don't cut ripe ones cross-wise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18112" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T15:14:37.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-19T15:03:22.423" Score="6" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23249/how-should-i-understand-que-la-guerra-no-me-sea-indiferente&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; descubrí que &quot;indiferente&quot; puede tener dos sentidos y referirse a la persona (o cosa) que &lt;strong&gt;causa&lt;/strong&gt; indiferencia o a la persona que &lt;strong&gt;siente&lt;/strong&gt; indiferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo parecido ocurría en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20796/por-qu%C3%A9-no-existen-dos-verbos-diferentes-para-dar-en-alquiler-y-tomar-en-alq&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, donde &quot;arrendar&quot; puede usarse para &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt; en arrendamiento&quot; (desde la perspectiva del locador o arrendador) o para &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; en arrendamiento&quot; (desde la perspectiva del locatario o arrendatario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es si podemos pensar en otras palabras (adjetivos, sustantivos, verbos) que puedan tener esa bidireccionalidad, es decir, esas dos perspectivas o sentidos diferentes u opuestos. Obviamente, estas palabras serán firmes candidatas a provocar ambigüedad y deberíamos estar atentos ante su presencia, como hablantes y transmisores de la lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T14:53:00.890" Title="¿Existen otras palabras &quot;bidireccionales&quot; como el adjetivo &quot;indiferente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23263" CreationDate="2017-11-19T15:27:39.057" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los autoantónimos como  :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7oNbEls&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;casero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Dueño de alguna casa, que la alquila a otra persona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. inquilino (‖ persona que ha tomado una casa en alquiler).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=257cMcn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alquilar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dar a alguien algo, especialmente una finca urbana, un animal o un mueble, para que use de ello por el tiempo que se   determine y mediante el pago de la cantidad convenida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Tomar de alguien algo para usarlo por el tiempo y precio convenidos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlgOxXW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;huésped&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona alojada en casa ajena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona alojada en un establecimiento de hostelería.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. p. us. Mesonero o amo de posada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. p. us. Persona que hospeda en su casa a otra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; clase &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Impartir una lección, pronunciar una conferencia o charla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Recibir una clase.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QzRk6op&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oler&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Percibir los olores.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Exhalar y echar de sí fragancia que deleita el sentido del olfato, o hedor que le molesta.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSpzqC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que no tiene pelo o tiene muy poco. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Ec. Que tiene mucho pelo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EuaszT6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enaguas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Prenda &lt;strong&gt;interior&lt;/strong&gt; femenina, similar a una falda y que se lleva debajo de esta.U. m. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. &lt;em&gt;Méx&lt;/em&gt;. Prenda &lt;strong&gt;exterior&lt;/strong&gt; femenina que cuelga desde la cintura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y más ejemplos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/324/are-there-any-words-that-have-opposite-regional-meanings/404#404&quot;&gt;Are there any words that have opposite regional meanings?&lt;/a&gt; y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Enantiosemia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T20:22:01.143" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T20:22:01.143" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23267" CreationDate="2017-11-19T16:36:06.373" Score="3" ViewCount="2538" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna diferencia de significado o uso entre las siguientes estructuras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hubiéramos podido hablar por teléfono&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Podríamos haber hablado por teléfono&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2960" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-19T17:59:04.370" LastActivityDate="2021-01-01T16:32:26.490" Title="¿Significan lo mismo &quot;Hubiéramos podido...&quot; y &quot;Podríamos haber...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23266" CreationDate="2017-11-19T16:45:48.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad, la primera debería ser: &lt;em&gt;habríamos podido hablar por teléfono&lt;/em&gt;, entregando así el resultado de la situación imaginaria del pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿hay diferencia? Pues sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habríamos podido hablar por teléfono&lt;/em&gt; implica que la situación no ocurrió en el pasado.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Habríamos podido hablar por teléfono si no se hubiese ido la señal.&lt;/em&gt; (= como la señal se fue, entonces no hablamos por teléfono)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Podríamos haber hablado por teléfono&lt;/em&gt; implica que la situación no ocurrió en el pasado porque se prefirió otra opción de acción.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Podríamos haber hablado por teléfono si hubieses tenido tu celular.&lt;/em&gt; (= pero no lo trajiste, así que nos juntamos a hablar en persona)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe destacar que en distintas partes se acostumbra a ocupar &lt;em&gt;hubiese/hubiera&lt;/em&gt; (como en el primer ejemplo) en ambas cláusulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T16:45:48.117" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23271" CreationDate="2017-11-19T18:14:05.120" Score="12" ViewCount="1737" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu plan xxx fue cancelado conforme a lo pedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my girlfriend tried to pay her fitness club membership in Colombia. We learned there that they use “cancelar“ for payment, however I knew it as “cancel“ only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was the plan paid or cancelled or is it impossible to tell?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: the plan was cancelled, not paid (no idea what happened there, she registered again now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18117" LastEditorUserId="18117" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T23:44:59.673" LastActivityDate="2021-01-09T09:34:19.310" Title="&quot;Plan cancelado&quot; does it mean cancelled or paid?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23268" CreationDate="2017-11-19T19:07:55.597" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me it would mean two things: &lt;em&gt;called off&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;paid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to whether the service is required or not, we have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tu plan fue cancelado...&lt;/em&gt; (= the service is no longer required by the person)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tu plan fue cancelado...&lt;/em&gt; (= the membership was paid so as to keep using the service)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T00:28:33.587" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T00:28:33.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23268" CreationDate="2017-11-19T19:29:49.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While both meanings are correct, in my opinion it would mean &lt;em&gt;called off/cancelled&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;paid off&lt;/em&gt;. As a Colombian, I take it as “Your plan was cancelled as requested.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don’t think “conforme a lo pedido” is used in the connotation of paying something off but I could be wrong. A possible “payment request” may be the only scenario but I take the statement more as a cancellation notice. I guess the question at hand would be: has your girlfriend ever gotten a payment notice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12306" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T19:29:49.250" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23268" CreationDate="2017-11-19T20:56:45.950" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we read the definition of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=73mBDE1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cancelar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; that shows it as meaning &quot;settle&quot; or &quot;pay off&quot;, we can see it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pagar o saldar &lt;strong&gt;una deuda&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, for &quot;cancelar&quot; to mean &quot;pay off&quot; there has to be a noun in the vicinity implying an amount that is &lt;strong&gt;due and payable&lt;/strong&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;deuda, cuota, arancel, honorarios, capital, intereses, factura, renta, préstamo, crédito&lt;/em&gt;. I don't think &quot;plan&quot; belongs to that group of nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This online dictionary I found seems to be more specific and accurate than RAE's because it does not include the noun in the definition, but only as a reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://clave.smdiccionarios.com/app.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cancelar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cancelar    can·ce·lar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v. &#xA;  1 &lt;strong&gt;Referido esp. a un documento o a una obligación legal&lt;/strong&gt;, anularlos o dejarlos sin validez: &lt;em&gt;Si me traslado, cancelaré la cuenta que tengo en el banco. El contrato se cancelará automáticamente al cabo de un año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 &lt;strong&gt;Referido esp. a un compromiso o a algo proyectado&lt;/strong&gt;, dejarlos sin efecto o suspender su realización: &lt;em&gt;Si se aplaza el viaje, tendré que cancelar la reserva del hotel. Se han cancelado todos los vuelos con los países en guerra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 &lt;strong&gt;Referido esp. a una deuda&lt;/strong&gt;, saldarla o terminar de pagarla: &lt;em&gt;Si ahorro, el año que viene podré cancelar el préstamo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that &quot;plan&quot; belongs to the group of nouns under (2) above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: In the case of &quot;cuenta&quot; (see (1) above), if it means &quot;account&quot; saying &quot;cancelar&quot; will mean &quot;close the account&quot;. Instead, if &quot;cuenta&quot; is translated as &quot;bill&quot;, then &quot;cancelar&quot; will mean &quot;pay the bill&quot;. This verb is indeed a tricky one in Spanish, and we have to be very careful because it may lead to confusing and risky situations: for example, if we say &lt;em&gt;cancelar la póliza&lt;/em&gt;, that means &quot;to cancel the policy&quot; so that it is no longer valid or in force; instead, if we say &lt;em&gt;cancelar la prima&lt;/em&gt;, that means &quot;to pay the (policy) premium&quot;, so the policy continues to be effective. I think this confusion might account for what happened to the OP when he says: &lt;em&gt;Well she wanted to pay the service, but they could have made a mistake and cancelled it for some reason.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-11-19T21:32:34.297" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T21:32:34.297" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23282" CreationDate="2017-11-20T04:17:50.373" Score="3" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;When looking up in my dictionary, &quot;to think&quot; is literally translated into &lt;strong&gt;pensar&lt;/strong&gt;. However I'm always seeing people saying or typing &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Creo que ...&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; when they're expressing opinions. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think the game is interesting.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Creo&lt;/strong&gt; que es interesante el juego.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think we'll miss the train if we don't hurry.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Creo&lt;/strong&gt; que perderemos el tren si no nos apuramos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to my dictionary, I would've written (or spoken) &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Pienso que&lt;/strong&gt; ...&quot;, as &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;to believe&lt;/strong&gt;. What am I missing here? When do we use &lt;strong&gt;pensar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T05:05:39.543" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T15:22:03.707" Title="Why is &quot;creer&quot; used for &quot;I think (opinion)&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23272" CreationDate="2017-11-20T04:38:29.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English one can also say, for example, &quot;I believe we have quorum&quot; or whatever it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach to the interesting game example you gave, in English, would be, &quot;I find this game quite interesting.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Creo&quot; is very similar to &quot;pienso,&quot; but &quot;creo&quot; suggests more certainty in the opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T04:38:29.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23272" CreationDate="2017-11-20T09:33:11.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pensar&lt;/em&gt; means to combine ideas in your mind, whereas &lt;em&gt;believe&lt;/em&gt; means to assume that something is true without knowing that it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;believe&lt;/em&gt; carries a stronger connotation. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo&lt;/strong&gt; que el juego es interesante.&lt;/em&gt; (= this is my judgement without being proven.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso&lt;/strong&gt; que el juego es interesante.&lt;/em&gt; (= this just my idea.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T09:33:11.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23233" CreationDate="2017-11-20T13:28:01.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;522 475 468&lt;/s&gt; 433 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De golpe el Mercedes volaba a 15 pies hacia la grada a 150 mph, Levegh&#xA;aún sobre el volante. Una bala de 3000 libras llena de gasolina chocó&#xA;con un dique y explotó lanzando metralla contra la gente. La fiesta&#xA;culmen del año, avivada por el tintín de copas de vino y el rugir de&#xA;los motores, trocó en atrocidad. Gente sangrando en el suelo. Creció&#xA;el fuego; el auto de magnesio, como los viejos flashes, se licuó veloz&#xA;en un puré de metal candente. Pánico. Fotógrafos del acto retrataron&#xA;en blanco y negro las caras turbadas de quienes huían a pie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pongo &lt;em&gt;volaba&lt;/em&gt; junto a &lt;em&gt;15 pies&lt;/em&gt; para que se sobrentienda que son 15 pies de altura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grada&lt;/strong&gt;: Público que ocupa la grada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T07:41:53.500" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-20T13:28:01.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2017-11-20T15:20:04.623" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9UFeE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9UFeE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Form left to right as we call them in Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plátano maduro&lt;/em&gt;: Can be eaten raw but is usually cooked to make &lt;em&gt;tajadas&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;tajadas&lt;/em&gt; are usually cut long and after fried they look dark red/orange and are sweet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plátano verde&lt;/em&gt;: It is the same as the previous but not ripe. It has to be cooked/fried. It is usually cross cut, fried and then flattened to make &lt;em&gt;patacones&lt;/em&gt; that are usually the fish side dish. This also can be made very big fro the whole &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt; and used as a base for other things like &lt;em&gt;guacamole&lt;/em&gt; and all kinds of stuff and they are called &lt;em&gt;patacones con... (todo)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Banano&lt;/em&gt;: This is one of the main exports of the country. It is always used when ripe and is eaten raw. Good source of potassium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guineo&lt;/em&gt;: It is used ripe but mostly green. It has to be cooked but is mainly used on boiled meals like soups or beans. It is used diced. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plátano colicero&lt;/em&gt;: same as the &lt;em&gt;Guineo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_Murrapo or &quot;banano bocadillo&quot;: It is a very small (10 cm) kind of banana. It is very sweet and it is eaten raw.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cooked foods mention above look like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Patacones de plátano verde:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XzQsIm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XzQsIm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Patacones&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XFnXYm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XFnXYm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tajadas de plátano maduro:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eSeCOm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eSeCOm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-10-25T12:08:47.533" LastActivityDate="2018-10-25T12:08:47.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23251" CreationDate="2017-11-20T18:46:12.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás el significado de &lt;em&gt;truco&lt;/em&gt; sea más afín al de &lt;em&gt;hack&lt;/em&gt; que los de &lt;em&gt;consejo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dato&lt;/em&gt; que, a mi juicio, no aluden al método o procedimiento que describe un &lt;em&gt;lifehack&lt;/em&gt; ni a la pericia o dominio sobre la materia que denota &lt;em&gt;hacking&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;truco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cada una de las mañas o habilidades que se adquieren en el ejercicio de un arte, oficio o profesión.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ardid o trampa que se utiliza para el logro de un fin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, a la hora de delimitar el ámbito al que se ciñen los trucos, creo que &lt;em&gt;útiles&lt;/em&gt; no es una traducción precisa ya que no es fiel al matiz del &quot;día a día&quot; que representa &lt;em&gt;life&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;lifehack&lt;/em&gt; y es además redundante, puesto que la utilidad es una cualidad que se le presupone a un truco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, un simple &lt;em&gt;trucos&lt;/em&gt; podría ser suficiente porque el ámbito se deduce del contexto. Pero en términos generales opino que traducciones como &quot;trucos para el día a día&quot;, &quot;trucos para la vida cotidiana&quot; o &quot;trucos cotidianos&quot;, sin ser exactas sí expresan los matices principales que simboliza &lt;em&gt;lifehack&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18120" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T18:46:12.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22838" CreationDate="2017-11-20T18:49:32.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es exactamente la frase en la pregunta pero siento que el caso es similar y sigue un mismo patrón (bajo el riesgo de que sea un uso regional). Se trata de &amp;quot;¿cuál es?&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;¿cuál es que es?&amp;quot;. Se podría pensar que la parte de &amp;quot;es que&amp;quot; se podría obviar, pero en el uso que yo he visto, las frases tienen una sutil diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que nos presentan al alguien en una fiesta y al cabo de unos minutos hemos olvidado su nombre. Dos opciones para preguntar por el nombre podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es tu nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta opción es gramaticalmente correcta, pero seguramente el interlocutor va a poner una cara rara porque ya nos dijo su nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es que es tu nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta frase se da la idea de que la información por la que preguntamos no es completamente nueva y que más bien estamos pidiendo una &amp;quot;confirmación&amp;quot; de algo que en teoría ya sabemos. Lo veo como una forma ambigua y sutil que no especifica si es que olvidamos por completo el nombre o si no estamos seguros de haberlo escuchado bien (¿era Paola o Paula?). Esto de alguna manera nos ahorra lo incómodo que podría ser en algunos casos admitir que hemos olvidado el nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta manera, el &amp;quot;es que&amp;quot; bien podría ser uno de los equivalentes de la fórmula en inglés &amp;quot;again&amp;quot; para confirmar información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/3257&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Sorry, what was your name again?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disculpa, ¿cuál es que es tu nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro posible matiz que da el uso de &amp;quot;es [lo] que&amp;quot; es un poco de dramatismo, en mi punto de vista. La oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, alma de Satanás, ¿qué es lo que quieres? &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no tendría la misma fuerza o sentimiento de desespero o impaciencia si simplemente se escribiera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, alma de Satanás, ¿qué quieres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T13:40:05.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23281" CreationDate="2017-11-20T19:23:04.597" Score="7" ViewCount="385" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición en el DLE para penúltimo es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SUeW37n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;penúltimo, ma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;paenultĭmus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adj&lt;/em&gt;. Inmediatamente anterior al último o a lo último.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pen%C3%BAltimo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;  se explica un poco más su etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del latín &lt;em&gt;paenultimus&lt;/em&gt; y éste a su vez de &lt;em&gt;paene&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;casi&amp;quot; y &lt;em&gt;ultimus&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;último&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, penúltimo vendría siendo como el &amp;quot;casi último&amp;quot;. ¿Existen otras palabras en español que usen la partícula originada de &lt;em&gt;paene&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &amp;quot;casi&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T07:15:31.463" Title="¿Existen palabras con construcción similar a &quot;penúltimo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23259" CreationDate="2017-11-20T20:08:47.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que se refiere al hecho que los rotos tienen una forma algo redonda, y usando un poco la imaginación se puede asociar con un tomate (o una papa):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rhvP6.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rhvP6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en las medias o calcetines &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/mundodinero/2007/01/30/economia/1170147951.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JOdyu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JOdyu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Los &amp;#39;tomates&amp;#39; en los calcetines de Wolfowitz&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T20:08:47.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23279" CreationDate="2017-11-20T20:31:11.737" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, por ejemplo &lt;code&gt;península&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SSzcHpj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;península&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. paeninsŭla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Tierra cercada por el agua, y que solo por una parte relativamente estrecha está unida y tiene comunicación con otra tierra de extensión mayor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que como podemos apreciar en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?peni.nsula&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología&lt;/a&gt; es un compuesto de &lt;em&gt;paene&lt;/em&gt; (casi) e &lt;em&gt;insula&lt;/em&gt; (isla). Es decir, que &lt;strong&gt;una península es casi una isla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo enlace aporta también &lt;code&gt;penumbra&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;casi sombra&lt;/strong&gt; o casi oscuridad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SUgZozU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;penumbra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. paene 'casi' y umbra 'sombra'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Sombra débil entre la luz y la oscuridad, que no deja percibir dónde empieza la una o acaba la otra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T20:31:11.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23272" CreationDate="2017-11-20T21:23:42.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; can sometimes be used interchangeably, but not usually. Matching them up with English &lt;em&gt;to believe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;to think&lt;/em&gt; is not a good idea either. Trying to list the basic connotations of each, I'd say that it's like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guess&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;belief or conviction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;subjective judgement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quick assessment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(objectively) reported state of thoughts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;informed opinion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;possible plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbs might overlap when used to report an assessment on some objective fact, e. g. someone else's work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que ella trabaja muy bien.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso que ella trabaja muy bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me these are roughly equivalent but &lt;em&gt;creo que…&lt;/em&gt; shows it's just my opinion, while &lt;em&gt;pienso que…&lt;/em&gt; somehow tells the hearer that I've given thought to the matter (maybe because I've been prompted to do so). Alternatively, &lt;em&gt;creo que…&lt;/em&gt; could just be used to soften an otherwise direct (and possibly uncalled-for) assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que perderemos el tren si no nos apuramos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;em&gt;creo que…&lt;/em&gt; is most natural, while &lt;em&gt;pienso que…&lt;/em&gt; would sound a bit forced. As above, &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; connotes subjective judgement (in this case, a rough, quick assessment of time). &lt;em&gt;Pensar&lt;/em&gt; would more appropriate for another context; for example, you could be sitting with your friends checking railroad timetables, and after a while you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso que sería mejor salir temprano para alcanzar el tren de las 7:45.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mind you, you could also say &lt;em&gt;creo que…&lt;/em&gt; in the example above; it's only that &lt;em&gt;pienso que…&lt;/em&gt; tells your hearers you've actually been thinking about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T21:23:42.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23279" CreationDate="2017-11-21T08:24:13.593" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar un par de palabras más con una etimología un poco más rebuscada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ST3BLoU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;penitencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;paenitentia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Dolor y arrepentimiento que se tiene de una mala acción, o sentimiento de haber ejecutado algo que no se quisiera haber hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asegura la web del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario etimológico del español&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?penitencia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;penitencia&lt;/strong&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;paenitentia&lt;/em&gt; (arrepentimiento, dolor, disgusto), nombre formado con el sufijo compuesto &lt;em&gt;-entia&lt;/em&gt; (cualidad de un agente), sobre la raíz de un verbo impersonal &lt;em&gt;paenitere&lt;/em&gt; (arrepentirse). Pero este verbo en origen significó &quot;no tener bastante de algo, no estar contento o satisfecho&quot; y parece que se deriva del adverbio &lt;em&gt;paene&lt;/em&gt; (casi, poco más o menos, con falta), adverbio que encontramos en palabras como &lt;em&gt;península&lt;/em&gt; (casi una isla) o &lt;em&gt;penúltimo&lt;/em&gt; (casi el último).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la segunda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SUn5tzT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;penuria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;penuria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Escasez, falta de las cosas más precisas o de alguna de ellas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la cual asegura la misma web citada anteriormente &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?penuria&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] En este sentido Ernout y A. Meillet (&lt;em&gt;Dictionaire Étymologique de la Langue Latine&lt;/em&gt;) apuntan a una derivación a partir de &lt;em&gt;paene&lt;/em&gt; (casi). La formación es explicable porque los adverbios muestran en composición antigua con mucha frecuencia una variante sigmática (que pudo ser &lt;em&gt;paenes&lt;/em&gt;) y los radicales muestran una alternancia frecuente en -es/-us o us-/es- (como en &lt;em&gt;tempus-/tempes-&lt;/em&gt;), de manera que la palabra arcaica sería *&lt;i&gt;paenusia&lt;/i&gt;, luego alterada la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; por el rotacismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T08:24:13.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-21T09:31:07.340" Score="5" ViewCount="1752" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el hilo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19465/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Llevan tilde los adverbios terminados en -mente?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y aprovechando que la RAE había retuiteado su tuit acerca de si los adverbios en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; llevan o no tilde, se produjo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/931606514623766528&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente conversación&lt;/a&gt; en dicha red social:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE: Los adverbios en «-mente» conservan la tilde del adjetivo base si este la lleva: ágilmente (ágil), cordialmente (cordial).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YO: Sin embargo, cuando pronuncio &amp;quot;cordialmente&amp;quot;, ¿en qué sílaba debo poner el acento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/letraeneoficial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LETRA Ñ&lt;/a&gt;: «Cordial» es una palabra aguda y, por ende, lleva acento prosódico, mas no tilde diacrítica. De allí que el adverbio «cordialmente» no lleve tilde diacrítica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YO: Esto no responde a mi pregunta. Hablo de pronunciar. ¿En qué sílaba se pone el acento en &amp;quot;cordialmente&amp;quot;? ¿Es llana o esdrújula? ¿O ambas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esta pregunta la hice con un poquito de mala idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LETRA Ñ: En tal caso, el acento prosódico irá en la sílaba «al» [cordiálmente]. De modo que el adverbio será una esdrújula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YO: Y si es una esdrújula, ¿por qué no lleva tilde? ¿Qué diferencia a &amp;quot;cordialmente&amp;quot; de &amp;quot;pásamelo&amp;quot;? A fin de cuentas, &amp;quot;pasa&amp;quot; no lleva tilde. ¿Por qué añadir &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; hace que la palabra pase a tener tilde y añadir &amp;quot;mente&amp;quot; no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de aquí la cuenta &amp;quot;Letra Ñ&amp;quot; queda fuera de juego, y entra la RAE a sustituir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE: «Cordialmente» no es palabra esdrújula porque se pronuncia con dos acentos: [kordiálménte]. El elemento «-mente» es tónico. «Pásamelo» se pronuncia con un solo acento en el verbo, [pásamelo], por eso es sobresdrújula. «Me» y «lo» son prons. átonos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YO: Si los adverbios acabados en &amp;quot;mente&amp;quot; son las únicas palabras que se pronuncian con dos acentos, ¿no sería más fiel a la pronunciación escribir &amp;quot;cordial mente&amp;quot; (separado) como se hacía allá por el siglo XIV?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE: Aunque originalmente fuese un sustantivo, el elemento «-mente» hoy no lo es. Los adverbios en «-mente» constituyen unidades léxicas para las que la grafía más adecuada es la de una sola palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y recuperando mi anterior pregunta, añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE: «Cordialmente» [kordiálménte] tiene dos sílabas tónicas, «dial» y «men»; no es ni llana ni esdrújula. Los adverbios en «-mente» tienen dos acentos. Para percibirlos, compare la pron. de «médicamente» [médikaménte] con la de «medicamento» [medikaménto].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YO: Pensaba que todas las palabras del español se podían clasificar según la posición de su acento prosódico. Si &amp;quot;cordialmente&amp;quot; no es ni llana ni esdrújula, ¿qué es? ¿Podría decirse más bien que es llana y esdrújula al mismo tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAE: Como ya le hemos dicho, los adverbios en «-mente» son palabras con dos acentos. La clasificación de palabras agudas, llanas, esdrújulas y sobresdrújulas no afecta solo a las palabras de más de una sílaba con un acento prosódico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que este último tuit quería decir que &amp;quot;la clasificación de palabras en agudas, llanas... sólo afecta a las palabras con un único acento prosódico&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17172/12637&quot;&gt;no sería la primera vez que la cuenta de Twitter de la RAE se columpia a la hora de dar opiniones&lt;/a&gt;. Así que me gustaría que me ayudarais a buscar en la Ortografía o la Gramática (o donde sea) la siguiente información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es cierto que los adverbios acabados en «-mente» son inclasificables en cuanto a la posición de su acento por tener dos? ¿Realmente dicha clasificación solo afecta a las palabras con un único acento prosódico? ¿Dónde viene eso recogido? ¿Existe alguna clasificación para las palabras con más de un acento prosódico, o eso es terreno desconocido?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:12:56.090" Title="Profundizando en los adverbios terminados en «-mente»: ¿son inclasificables en cuanto a la posición de su acento prosódico?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23285" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23288" CreationDate="2017-11-21T12:50:42.877" Score="3" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;desear&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;to want, to wish&lt;/strong&gt;. I've seen two usages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deseo&lt;/strong&gt; que estés aquí. (I wish you are here.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt; que estuvieras aquí. (I wish you were here.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the difference between present and conditional (for &lt;strong&gt;desear&lt;/strong&gt;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Can I say these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deseo&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;estuvieras&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;estés&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T13:15:31.303" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T01:27:50.877" Title="&quot;desearía&quot; vs &quot;deseo&quot; plus present subjunctive vs imperfect subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23286" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23287" CreationDate="2017-11-21T12:54:03.557" Score="5" ViewCount="7845" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un reloj analógico, la manecilla que señala los segundos es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XTM6GRg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;segundero&lt;/a&gt;. La de los minutos es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PL5bOLS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;minutero&lt;/a&gt;. Pero ¿y la de las horas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T12:54:03.557" Title="¿Cómo se llama la manecilla del reloj que señala las horas?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23286" CreationDate="2017-11-21T12:54:03.557" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ke9JU87&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;horario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;horarius&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Manecilla de reloj que señala las horas, y es siempre algo más corta que el minutero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T12:54:03.557" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23285" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:07:27.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desear&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish means &quot;to wish&quot; indeed, but when used in present (&lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt;) it sounds more like a request than a wish: I'd only use &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt; when talking to a wishing dwell :D i.e. when I actually expect the listener to satisfy my wish. You know the saying &quot;your wish is my command&quot;? Well, &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt; is used for that kind of &quot;wishes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desearía que estuvieras aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just me telling you I miss you. You being here is not possible, but I wish it were.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deseo que estés aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's me strongly asking you to be here. You being here is &quot;doable&quot;, and I'm telling you that I want you to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desearía que estés aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21874/13628&quot;&gt;courtesy form&lt;/a&gt; for the previous one. I'm still asking you to be here, but I don't want to come off as bossy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deseo que estuvieras aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one seems to me idiomatically (if not grammatically) incorrect. The gist of it is that the subjunctive is used for things that are (currently) not possible, so it clashes with the use of present &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt; (used for very possible and expected things, as explained above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T13:07:27.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23279" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:46:32.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agrego éstas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SSoVA3w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;penillanura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. &lt;em&gt;Geogr.&lt;/em&gt; Terreno casi llano, con leves ondulaciones, cuya formación y características son resultado de la erosión de una zona&#xA;  montañosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ST2iso3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;penisla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. península.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente (no lo sé) también la cordillera &lt;strong&gt;Penibética&lt;/strong&gt; y sus gentilicios, y la palabra &lt;strong&gt;pendencia&lt;/strong&gt; que (según una versión) vendría de &lt;em&gt;penitencia&lt;/em&gt;, ya mencionada por Charly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T20:58:58.940" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T20:58:58.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26661" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:57:36.877" Score="4" ViewCount="18876" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Colombia &lt;em&gt;sacar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pelar el cobre&lt;/em&gt; se usa cuando alguien ha simulado ser de una manera pero luego muestra su verdadera forma de ser (generalmente algo negativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las acepciones de cobre en el DLE habla de la expresión &amp;quot;vérsele a alguien el cobre&amp;quot;, que tiene la misma idea aunque entiendo que se refiere más a cuando se descubren las intenciones del otro en lugar de cuando dicha persona por sí misma muestra su lado verdadero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Xwcm0Q#0yHbmuQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vérsele a alguien el cobre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. verb. coloq&lt;/em&gt;. vérsele el plumero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para &amp;quot;vérsele el plumero&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TQrFXa5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vérsele a alguien el plumero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. verb. coloq&lt;/em&gt;. Descubrirse sus intenciones o defectos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué tiene el cobre una connotación negativa en este caso? ¿Por qué lo tiene &amp;quot;plumero&amp;quot;? ¿Está relacionado &amp;quot;cobre&amp;quot; con &amp;quot;plumero&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T11:53:35.480" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;sacar/pelar el cobre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23285" CreationDate="2017-11-21T14:02:55.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Present and past subjunctive mood carry different connotations in Spanish depending on the structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I perceive it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deseo que &lt;strong&gt;estés&lt;/strong&gt; aquí. (= this is something I want to happen in the future: in a couple of hours, tomorrow, next week, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desearía que &lt;strong&gt;estuvieras&lt;/strong&gt; aquí. (= this is something I want to happen &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will often encounter another one paraphrased as &lt;em&gt;deseo que &lt;strong&gt;estuvieras&lt;/strong&gt; aquí&lt;/em&gt;; although, I can't ensure that this construction is totally correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T14:02:55.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23294" CreationDate="2017-11-21T18:29:15.620" Score="3" ViewCount="985" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi profe que es bilingüe me dijo que existía el concepto de &lt;em&gt;uterancia&lt;/em&gt; y despertó mi curiosidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utterance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición de Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;An utterance is the smallest unit of speech. It is a continuous piece of speech beginning and ending with a clear pause. In the case of oral languages, it is generally but not always bounded by silence.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Corresponde en español la misma definición? ¿Se aplica este concepto cuando se trata de explicar la gramática de una afirmación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T09:25:35.733" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T09:25:35.733" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;uterancia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23293" CreationDate="2017-11-21T19:14:50.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya que aportabas la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utterance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición de wikipedia para utterance&lt;/a&gt;, hice click en el menú de la izquierda para cambiar el idioma a español y el término es traducido como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enunciado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enunciado&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En pragmática, un enunciado es un acto de habla (acto locativo) mínimo, realizado mediante una oración o una expresión sintáctica más pequeña que una oración. Informalmente se usa enunciado como sinónimo de oración, aunque pragmáticamente existen diferencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE un &lt;code&gt;enunciado&lt;/code&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FqtGFhC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enunciado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Secuencia de palabras delimitada por pausas muy marcadas, que puede estar constituida por una o varias oraciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Ling. Secuencia con valor comunicativo, sentido completo y entonación propia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece bastante cercano a la definición original en inglés: Menor unidad del habla (discurso) delimitada por silencios o pausas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google en cambio propone &lt;code&gt;declaración&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;pronunciación&lt;/code&gt;. La primera puede ser sinónimo, pero entiendo que la definición del DRAE para enunciado, en las acepciones (y connotaciones) segunda y tercera, recoge el significado de &lt;code&gt;utterance&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;code&gt;uterancia&lt;/code&gt; (solo para clarificar a terceros) por supuesto no está recogido en el DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T19:14:50.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23268" CreationDate="2017-11-21T19:38:22.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's definitely a Colombian thing. &#xA;In Spanish, &quot;cancelar algo&quot; is &quot;to cancel something&quot;, not &quot;to pay something&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from Spain but I've lived in Colombia for some months and I heard &quot;cancelar&quot; as &quot;to pay&quot; indeed, but it's just a local thing.  It's very common in Colombia that they just change the actual meaning of some words. They even misuse the word &quot;hasta&quot; meaning exactly the opposite to what actually means (e.g. they usually say &quot;Hasta ahora he salido&quot; while the correct sentence should be &quot;Hasta hora no pude salir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18131" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T19:38:22.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23297" CreationDate="2017-11-22T04:45:20.567" Score="7" ViewCount="12450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy francés, y en mi idioma tenemos algunos ejemplos de palabras que no riman con nada: &lt;em&gt;belge&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quatorze&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quinze&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;triomphe&lt;/em&gt;... A veces estas palabras tienen &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21102/13628&quot;&gt;rimas pobres&lt;/a&gt;, pero nunca más. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estuve preguntándome si lo mismo existe en español. Busqué un poco pero no encontré ejemplos. ¿No hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18134" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T09:04:51.810" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T08:12:08.790" Title="¿Hay palabras en español que no rimen con ninguna otra?" Tags="&lt;rima&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23296" CreationDate="2017-11-22T05:47:44.040" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin rima &lt;strong&gt;consonante&lt;/strong&gt; sí  que hay:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://espejo-ludico.blogspot.com.es/2007/08/palabras-sin-rima.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt; se mencionan varías palabras, pero este &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscapalabras.com.ar/rimas.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscador de rimas&lt;/a&gt; encuentra rimas para varias de ellas, por lo que solo quedarían &lt;strong&gt;dúctil&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;pubis&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;página&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;lágrima&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el artículo de José Domínguez Caparrós &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.uned.es/index.php/rhythmica/article/download/13079/12059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palabras sin rima o disonantes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ya en 1606 Juan Díaz Rengifo en su &lt;em&gt;Arte poética española&lt;/em&gt; compiló una lista de palabras, que posteriormente fue ampliada por otros autores. En el artículo se mencionan, entre otras, &lt;strong&gt;cáliz&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;salvia&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;cárcel&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;mármol&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edición:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En un comentario @VeAqui señala &lt;strong&gt;coccix&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fórceps&lt;/strong&gt;, además de extranjerismos como &lt;strong&gt;álbum, yang, cómic o molotov&lt;/strong&gt; y, realizando una búsqueda con el DLE por terminación como señala @blonfu en su comentario, se pueden encontrar muchas más: &lt;strong&gt;cérvix&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ónix&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fénix&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tribu&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;espíritu&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ímpetu&lt;/strong&gt; ... pero tampoco es cuestión de hacer una lista exhaustiva, sino de poner algunos ejemplos que muestren que, efectivamente, en español hay palabras que no tienen rima consonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T03:04:31.180" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T03:04:31.180" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23290" CreationDate="2017-11-22T07:12:42.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, se cuenta sobre cómo al momento de una comida con invitados, si el anfitrión era hipócrita o no eras de su agrado, utilizaban &lt;strong&gt;vajilla de cobre&lt;/strong&gt; en dicha comida, esta era una falta de respeto para la persona que era la invitada. Lo correcto era utilizar vajilla de porcelana o plata. De ahí que se utilice la frase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sacar el cobre&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; para hacer referencia a que &lt;strong&gt;una persona muestra su verdadera forma de ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18135" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T07:12:42.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23300" CreationDate="2017-11-22T08:51:27.537" Score="7" ViewCount="907" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando sinónimos de &lt;em&gt;reunión&lt;/em&gt; para el Translation-golf, me encuentro (no sin cierta sorpresa) que el diccionario acepta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S1WTeWK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voz ingl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;fiesta&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ reunión para divertirse).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la voz &lt;em&gt;fiesta&lt;/em&gt; se incluye como un extranjerismo crudo. Cuando quise usarla en el texto (cosa que acabé descartando) me di cuenta de que tenía que usarla en plural. Y entonces me di cuenta de que no estaba seguro de cómo formarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que al ser un extranjerismo crudo no sigue las normas para palabras españolas o extranjerismos adaptados, por lo que no sería ni &lt;em&gt;partyes&lt;/em&gt; (añadiendo &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;reyes&lt;/em&gt;) ni &lt;em&gt;partis&lt;/em&gt; (cambiando &lt;em&gt;-y&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;-is&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;jerséis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se forman entonces los plurales de los extranjerismos crudos? ¿Se dejan invariables? ¿Se siguen las normas del idioma de origen de la palabra? ¿Y si no se sabe cómo se forman los plurales en el idioma de origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T09:06:15.037" Title="¿Cómo se forman los plurales de los extranjerismos crudos?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23299" CreationDate="2017-11-22T09:41:08.867" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QnEagpjRqqUfSrlm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua&lt;/a&gt; dice sobre los plurales de extranjerismos crudos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.4c&lt;/strong&gt; Los llamados &lt;strong&gt;EXTRANJERISMOS CRUDOS&lt;/strong&gt;, que conservan la pronunciación y la grafía originarias, &lt;strong&gt;forman el plural de acuerdo con las reglas de la lengua a la que corresponden&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que no compete a la morfología del español. Así, el plural de la voz alemana &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt; ('canción') es &lt;em&gt;lieder&lt;/em&gt;, y los de las inglesas &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; ('hombre') y &lt;em&gt;woman&lt;/em&gt; ('mujer') son &lt;em&gt;men&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;women&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente. Cuando se utilizan estas voces en un texto en español, se recomienda que sean marcadas con algún resalte tipográfico, por lo común la letra cursiva. Esta es la forma en la que el &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt; registra en la actualidad los sustantivos de este grupo, cuando son recogidos en él. distinto es el caso de los sustantivos y adjetivos extranjeros que aparecen en los diccionarios como palabras castellanizadas. La tendencia general es que estas otras palabras se atengan a las reglas de formación de plural que rigen para las demás voces españolas. Aun así, se documentan numerosos casos particulares, como se explicará en los apartados que siguen. Como en otras secciones de los capítulos de morfología de esta obra, solo en algunos casos se dará información relativa a la extensión geográfica de las voces que se mencionan, en favor de la síntesis expositiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-25T09:06:15.037" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T09:06:15.037" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23302" CreationDate="2017-11-22T11:36:00.140" Score="1" ViewCount="756" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't quite follow the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you ill? - Estás enfermo &lt;em&gt;(from google translate so this could be wrong)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the verb &quot;to be ill&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. So not sure where &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is coming from? My understanding is that &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is the first person present conjugation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a suffix thing or a verb turning into an adjective etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T11:57:40.920" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T03:21:50.517" Title="Estás enfermo - should it be enfermas" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23301" CreationDate="2017-11-22T11:56:55.273" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Google translation is literal and correct in this case: &lt;em&gt;enfermo&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective that means &quot;ill, sick, diseased&quot;. Since Google cannot guess number or gender from the English sentence, this could also be translated with &lt;em&gt;enfermos&lt;/em&gt; (plural masculine), &lt;em&gt;enferma&lt;/em&gt; (singular feminine), or &lt;em&gt;enfermas&lt;/em&gt; (plural feminine). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens that &lt;em&gt;enfermo&lt;/em&gt; is also the first person singular, present tense, indicative mood, of the verb &lt;em&gt;enfermar&lt;/em&gt;. This verb is usually pronominal, i.e. it takes a personal pronoun that looks like a reflexive. In any case &lt;em&gt;enfermar&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean &quot;to be ill&quot;, but &quot;to become ill&quot; or &quot;to make (somebody) ill&quot;. This is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; what you see in the sentence &lt;em&gt;¿Estás enfermo?&lt;/em&gt; - that is clearly the adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T11:56:55.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23301" CreationDate="2017-11-22T11:57:06.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So the verb &quot;to be ill&quot; is &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually &quot;to be ill&quot; is not a verb. Only &quot;to be&quot; is the verb; &quot;ill&quot; is an adjective, or a qualifier. You ask &lt;em&gt;&quot;Are you ill?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; just like you could ask &lt;em&gt;&quot;Are you tired?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;Are you blonde?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Are you Belgian?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind, &lt;em&gt;enfermo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;enferma&lt;/em&gt; in feminine) is just the Spanish adjective for &quot;ill&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=FHIHrUc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;enfermo, ma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;infirmus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que padece enfermedad. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with &lt;em&gt;estás&lt;/em&gt; being second person singular of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;to be&quot;; and &lt;em&gt;enfermo&lt;/em&gt; being &quot;ill&quot;, the correct translation is indeed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Estás enfermo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Your quoted translation is missing the question marks, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/922/13628&quot;&gt;you must always include them&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right about &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (also) being one of the conjugations of the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;enfermar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but that verb means &quot;to become ill&quot;. It is not used to say that you &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; ill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T11:57:06.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23373" CreationDate="2017-11-22T13:47:50.803" Score="7" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23300/17686&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; se referencian las indicaciones de la RAE para formar el plural de los extranjerismos crudos. En dichas referencias se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Los llamados EXTRANJERISMOS CRUDOS, que conservan la pronunciación y la grafía originarias, forman el plural de acuerdo con las reglas de la lengua a la que corresponden...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/los-extranjerismos-en-la-lengua-espanola-5199/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;  también se puede encontrar (énfasis mío): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los crudos son aquellos establecidos en nuestra lengua sin perder la forma original del idioma al que pertenecen, conservando, pues, su grafía y pronunciación. [...] Para ellos la RAE estatuye la obligatoriedad de distinguirlos gráficamente, es decir, escribirlos entre comillas o en cursiva. ¿Por qué? Pues para que no quede duda de que se incorporan en su forma original y, por tanto, son ajenos a la &lt;strong&gt;ortografía&lt;/strong&gt; y ortología del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acá se menciona además la ortografía. Con esto entendería que si tomamos un extranjerismo crudo deberíamos tener en cuenta su ortografía en el idioma original, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la descripción de la RAE se presenta más adelante un ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, el plural de la voz alemana &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt; ('canción') es &lt;em&gt;lieder&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, el alemán tiene la particularidad de que todos los sustantivos se escriben con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Alem%C3%A1n/Gram%C3%A1tica/Sustantivos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayúscula inicial&lt;/a&gt;. Así, &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt; no se escribe nunca &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;Lied&lt;/em&gt;. Si es un extranjerismo crudo, ¿no deberíamos traerlo tal cual como existe en su idioma original, con sus reglas de escritura y todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T16:03:29.783" Title="¿Qué tan crudo es un extranjerismo crudo?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23272" CreationDate="2017-11-22T15:22:03.707" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;this is because the word &quot;creer&quot; can be actually translated to &quot;assume&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this leads to a wrong use of &quot;pensar&quot; as synonym of &quot;creer&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can exchange anywhere the words &quot;creer&quot; or &quot;creer en&quot; with &quot;asumo&quot; and the meaning of the sentences will remain the same &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yet we cannot change the word &quot;pienso&quot; with &quot;asumo&quot; or the word. &#xA;This is because the word &quot;creer&quot; in Spanish is always a belief based or not in real evidence (an assumption) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some other cases of wrong use synonyms can be found with other words like &quot;ocupar&quot;(occupy) and &quot;necesitar&quot;(need) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T15:22:03.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23296" CreationDate="2017-11-22T15:26:53.840" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español se contemplan dos tipos de rima:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consonante&lt;/strong&gt;: cuando coinciden todos los &lt;strong&gt;sonidos&lt;/strong&gt;, tanto vocales como consonantes, a partir de la última vocal acentuada.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Son rimas consonantes: &lt;em&gt;espaci&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;let&lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;podr&lt;strong&gt;ido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&#xA;&lt;em&gt;her&lt;strong&gt;ido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;extranj&lt;strong&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;ero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;s&lt;strong&gt;úbito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;dec&lt;strong&gt;úbito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;áculo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;recept&lt;strong&gt;áculo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;También son rimas consonantes, para un hablante que pronuncie las &quot;c&quot; y &quot;z&quot; como &quot;s&quot; (la inmensa mayoría): &lt;em&gt;cen&lt;strong&gt;izo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;iso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;m&lt;strong&gt;orse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;cat&lt;strong&gt;orce&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;asonante&lt;/strong&gt;: cuando coinciden solamente los &lt;strong&gt;sonidos&lt;/strong&gt; de las vocales, desde la última acentuada.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Son rimas asonantes: &lt;em&gt;espaci&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;alacr&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;podr&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;d&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -  &lt;em&gt;mol&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;n&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;extranj&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;r&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ch&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;s&lt;strong&gt;ú&lt;/strong&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;t&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; -&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/strong&gt;lt&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;m&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;á&lt;/strong&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;l&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;r&lt;strong&gt;au&lt;/strong&gt;d&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además hay que tener en cuenta algunos otros factores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solo hay 5 vocales en español.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Las rimas no necesitan tener en cuenta más de 3 sílabas*.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El número de combinaciones de vocales que se pueden hacer en 3 sílabas es relativamente limitado. Sin embargo, el número de palabras en español es muy alto, cientos de miles.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Forzosamente habrá varias palabras que compartan la misma combinación de vocales, por inusual que esta sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;*Incluso para las palabras sobresdrújulas, como son los adverbios en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; y las formas verbales con sufijos pronominales tipo &lt;em&gt;-selo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-mela&lt;/em&gt; etc., la rima en realidad se busca contra la palabra llana/esdrújula que forma el adverbio o verbo, ya que los sufijos son comunes.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo lo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;es básicamente imposible que exista en español una palabra que no rime con ninguna otra&lt;/strong&gt;. Siempre va a existir rima asonante al menos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, si limitamos la pregunta a las rimas consonantes (que es a lo que se refiere la mayoría de gente cuando dice que dos palabras &quot;riman&quot;), entonces sí, existen algunas palabras que no tienen rima consonante con ninguna otra y que ya han sido mencionadas en otras respuestas, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23297/13628&quot;&gt;la de Cyanide&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T08:12:08.790" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T08:12:08.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23308" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T20:19:35.297" Score="6" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;La reciente pregunta sobre el uso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23258/5481&quot;&gt;“Huérfilo” como palabra para definir a progenitores que han perdido a sus hijos&lt;/a&gt; me hizo pensar en cómo a veces creamos palabras nuevas en base al significado de otras ya existentes, usando más un criterio de asociación o semejanza que uno &amp;quot;etimológico&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En concreto, me preguntaba de dónde ha salido la &lt;code&gt;L&lt;/code&gt; de &amp;quot;trabajó&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;ico&amp;quot;. Un &amp;quot;trabajólico&amp;quot; es una persona adicta al trabajo. En el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aBv0BxF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trabajólico, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Chile &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Que trabaja afanosa y compulsivamente. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y supongo que hemos creado esta palabra por semejanza a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1e70kUE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcohólico&lt;/a&gt;, que en su cuarta acepción es una persona que sufre &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1eFfesR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcoholismo&lt;/a&gt; (problema ocasionado por el abuso de bebidas alcohólicas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, si el alcohólico tiene un problema con el alcohol, el trabajólico lo tiene con el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿de dónde sale la &amp;quot;L&amp;quot; de &lt;code&gt;trabajólico&lt;/code&gt;? ¿Nos la traemos de &lt;code&gt;alcohólico&lt;/code&gt;, que la lleva por supuesto por ser la letra final de &lt;code&gt;alcohol&lt;/code&gt;? ¿O existe acaso una partícula &amp;quot;-&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;ico&amp;quot; con el significado de &amp;quot;conducta negativa asociada a X&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1. Curioso que sea un chilenismo. Estaba convencido de que esta palabra estaba aceptada en el &amp;quot;español neutral&amp;quot;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T14:56:48.637" Title="¿Cómo está formada la palabra &quot;trabajólico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23308" CreationDate="2017-11-22T20:58:51.897" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que el término  es un calco del término workaholic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/workaholic&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;workaholic (n.)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1968, coined from work (n.) with second element abstracted absurdly from alcoholic. This sets up the old Rodney Dangerfield joke: &amp;quot;My old man was a workaholic: every time he thought about work, he got drunk.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se explica allí, la palabra es acuñada de una forma absurda (yo diría jocosa) tomando como base la palabra alcohólico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto, concuerdo con que simplemente se unió &amp;quot;trabajo&amp;quot; con &amp;quot;alcohólico&amp;quot;. No encontré referencias de &amp;quot;lico&amp;quot; como un sufijo para denotar &amp;quot;conducta negativa&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/workaholic-adicto-al-trabajo-trabajoadicto-laboradicto/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fundéu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  también explica algo al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Workaholic&lt;/em&gt; puede traducirse como ‘adicto al trabajo’, y las voces &lt;strong&gt;trabajoadicto&lt;/strong&gt; y laboradicto, que se inscriben en el paradigma de términos ya asentados en español, como drogadicto o sexoadicto, constituyen alternativas plenamente recomendables. Otras opciones, como el calco &lt;strong&gt;trabajólico&lt;/strong&gt;, resultan menos transparentes y, por tanto, menos adecuadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T22:04:35.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T21:27:17.263" Score="2" ViewCount="3073" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;saca la pues&quot; mean to someone in Mexico?&#xA;Is it slang for how's it hanging? Or how's it going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18138" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T21:54:25.827" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T20:22:10.340" Title="What does &quot;saca la pues&quot; mean to someone in Mexico?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23310" CreationDate="2017-11-22T21:41:42.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not &quot;saca la pues&quot;, it is &quot;sácala&quot;, that literally translates to &quot;bring it out&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be used literally to bring something out or also as a rude way to challenge someone, normally referring to a gun or anything referred to someone's manhood, I think you can guess what it means. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;pues&quot; is something like a &quot;come on&quot; used to urge someone to do something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T20:22:10.340" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T20:22:10.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23308" CreationDate="2017-11-22T21:47:02.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La raíz viene del sufijo en ingles &amp;quot;Holic&amp;quot; que puede ser traducido como &amp;quot;fanático&amp;quot;, o &amp;quot;compulsivo&amp;quot;  y su uso esta presente en muchas palabras en el idioma inglés, tanto que ha permeado el español en palabras como alcohólico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/-aholic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-aholic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suffix: -aholic; suffix: -oholic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Denoting a person addicted to something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &amp;quot;shopaholic&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T14:56:48.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22759" CreationDate="2017-11-22T22:09:27.050" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The passive voice in Spanish is easily avoided because its easier to say and  to understand when you directly speak in the past tense. Generally it is not avoided, but its use is reserved when speaking with a higher degree of formality, but even then it is weird, if someone talks with perfect present or in a passive voice you immediately guess he is not a native Spanish speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the wiki article is terrible... I think they don't understand what the passive voice is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T13:11:55.657" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T13:11:55.657" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22868" CreationDate="2017-11-22T22:19:53.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the e in Latin when it formed diphthongs changed to the sound of the Spanish &quot;i&quot; that is the sound of the English &quot;e&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the &quot;u&quot; in diphthongs changed to &quot;o&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That's why &lt;em&gt;Deus&lt;/em&gt; having a diphthong of e and u, was transformed into i and o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the phonetic sound of &lt;em&gt;Deus&lt;/em&gt; was actually &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt; as the pronunciation of phonetic of &lt;em&gt;eu&lt;/em&gt; was actually &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, this could easily diverge to different pronunciations when the Latin broke into the romance languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lat%C3%ADn/Cambios_fon%C3%A9ticos_del_lat%C3%ADn_al_castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Latín/Cambios_fonéticos_del_latín_al_castellano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/l/LAT%C3%8DN%20-%20Fon%C3%A9tica%20-%20Pronunciaci%C3%B3n.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon der Linguistik/l/LATÍN - Fonética - Pronunciación.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T10:27:35.763" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:27:35.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22368" CreationDate="2017-11-22T23:45:43.703" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;you are talking about the difference between copreterito and preterito &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both are two forms to talk in the past tense,&#xA;while preterito is the purest form of the past tense, the copreterito is the definition of things that &quot;were performed in the past that might or might not have finished&quot; that's why it is considered the &quot;undefined&quot; past tense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the copreterito verbs are caraterized for finishing in &quot;ia&quot; or &quot;aba&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there are no copreterito verbs in english, there are two translations from Spanish to English, the first one is transform it into the &quot;used to&quot; the second is to transform it into past as infinitive or undefined &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;yo compre comida&quot; this means: I bought food, past tense &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;yo compraba comida&quot; this means &quot;i used to buy food&quot; or can mean &quot;I was buying food&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depending on the context you might use one form or the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this tense is very similar to the &quot;post-preterito&quot; tense, that is the tense when you say something you &quot;would&quot; do if things were different, Example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;yo compraria un auto, si fuera rico&quot; means: &quot;i would buy a car if i were rich&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This in english we conjugate the verb &quot;buy&quot; with &quot;would&quot; to create the &quot;post-preterito&quot; verb, in spanish we just add an &quot;ria&quot; to the end of the verb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T16:35:55.383" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:35:55.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12326" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:00:36.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They mean &quot;to/from&quot;, but the correct way to write &quot;to/from&quot; in English is &quot;para&quot; and &quot;de&quot;, but in reverse order. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you will say who is the sender &quot;de&quot; and then you will say who is the receiver &quot;para&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De/Para&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T13:12:16.637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T13:12:16.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22741" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:13:57.203" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Oh, los atropellos de la voz pasiva!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éste es un caso de pospretérito en voz pasiva, pero la duda es en qué momento fue esto dicho: ¿antes del juego o después del juego? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fue antes del juego esto es claramente un caso de pospretérito y entonces la forma correcta sería &quot;sería&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si esto fue dicho después del juego, entonces debemos recurrir a la forma disyuntiva del futuro perfecto: &quot;fuese&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque yo me inclino más por la forma pretérito pluscuamperfecto, en el cual la conjugación correcta es: &quot;hubiera sido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T09:48:54.673" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T09:48:54.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22868" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:17:58.403" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;P. Lloyd points out &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=_QkNAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA320&amp;amp;ots=yDVB20E_-3&amp;amp;pg=PA191#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;several interesting things&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How /eu/ went from hiatus to diphthong&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The vowel sequence /eu/ was extremely rare in Classical Latin, being found only in five native words which then disappeared from popular speech, and in a few learned Greek loanwords like &lt;em&gt;Europa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These /e/ and /u/ were in hiatus, but later evolved into a descending diphthong, just like the other (much more common) /ai/ and /au/.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the time of early Romance we find a few words with this /eu/ dipthong (phonetically that would have been [ɛu̯]): &lt;em&gt;meu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Deus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jūdaeu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;*eo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;ego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How /eu/ changed into /jeu/ ~ /jou/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The regular development of stressed [ɛ] was to /je/ and there is no reason to think that /eu/ would not have changed regularly into /jeu/. This is in fact what we find in some dialects of Western Asturian, where the reflexes of &lt;em&gt;meu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Deus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ego&lt;/em&gt; are /mjeu/, /djeus/ and /jeu/. It is extremely likely that closely related Castilian would also have followed the same regular route. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why did /jeu/ later change into /jou/? Lloyd postulates analogy. The diphthong was extremely rare. It appeared most often in the word for &quot;I&quot; (presumably /jeu/), and this was often found right next to two verb forms that contained the diphthong /ou/: &lt;em&gt;vou&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;vadō&lt;/em&gt;, modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;voy&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;I go&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;sou&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;su(m)&lt;/em&gt;, modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;soy&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;I am&quot;). Rhyme often motivates sound change, either towards or away from it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An additional common verb form, the third person preterite of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to give&quot;, is reported as /djeu/ at one stage. This one might have been influenced by the regular ending /o/ (modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;amó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;temer&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;temió&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), giving then /djou/.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once these three extremely common short words had shifted /eu/ to /ou/, the others followed suit by analogy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Stress patterns&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Of the four words from Late Latin with phonetic [ɛu̯] that we began with, two have evolved into an ascending diphthong (modern &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt;, forgetting for the time being the change of consonantal /j/ into a fricative in most modern dialects of Spanish), while two have restored a hiatus (&lt;em&gt;mío&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;judío&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is that? Lloyd again postulates regularization by analogy. &lt;em&gt;Mío&lt;/em&gt; has a feminine counterpart, &lt;em&gt;mía&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; Latin &lt;em&gt;mea&lt;/em&gt;, where the hiatus was never resolved. If /mjo(u)/ existed, it would have contrasted with /mi.a/, a very odd irregularity; therefore it was &quot;brought back&quot; as /mi.o/.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Likewise, final-stressed &lt;em&gt;judió&lt;/em&gt; must have sounded rather weird, and there was a regular feminine word, &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; Latin &lt;em&gt;jūdaea&lt;/em&gt;), which hadn't shifted stress; therefore &lt;em&gt;judío&lt;/em&gt; had a hiatus restored as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case this seems farfetched, Lloyd states that there are indeed attested medieval reflexes of those two words as &lt;em&gt;mió&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;judió&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that &lt;em&gt;Dios&lt;/em&gt; was always like that. We can't actually be sure whether at some moment, somewhere, it had a variant pronounced like &lt;em&gt;Díos&lt;/em&gt;, but that's not apparent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDENDA: Portuguese, unlike Spanish, preserves the old descending diphthong /eu/ in the words &lt;em&gt;eu, meu, Deus, judeu&lt;/em&gt;. It could very well be that the preservation of Vulgar Latin's lax vowels (open &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;) has something to do with this, if the route by which /eu/ changed into /jo/ was indeed through /jeu/ &gt; /jou/, as Lloyd says. That is, where Spanish changed stressed open &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt;, Portuguese did no such thing, so for example Latin &lt;em&gt;petra&lt;/em&gt; &gt; Port. &lt;em&gt;pedra&lt;/em&gt;, so the &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Deus&lt;/em&gt; never acquired a glide in Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the expression &lt;em&gt;a brios rogando&lt;/em&gt;, I don't think the stress pattern needed to be the same in &lt;em&gt;bríos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;*Díos&lt;/em&gt; for the rhyme to work, if the phrase was said in one breath (as fixed idioms tend to be) and the main stress was on &lt;em&gt;ro&lt;strong&gt;gan&lt;/strong&gt;do&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T13:53:39.700" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T13:53:39.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22790" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:24:15.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Procrastinar&quot; should be the better option, &quot;remolonear&quot; comes from the distortion and conjugation of other words. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The root of &quot;remolonear&quot; is &quot;remorar&quot;, a word that comes from latin that means &quot;to delay&quot;, while &quot;procrastinar&quot; comes directly from the latin &quot;&lt;em&gt;procrastinare&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and it means &quot;to postpone&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now, as said in the previous answer &quot;remolonear&quot; is used in specific when a person is being lazy , while &quot;procrastinar&quot; is the general act of delaying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;about the usage: &quot;procrastinar&quot; is not a really popular word, you'll ratter said &quot;lo esta demorando&quot; instead, or other explanations instead of the word &quot;procrastinar&quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case, if you want to translate &quot;procrastinate&quot; to Spanish, you'll normally translate it to &quot;procrastinar&quot; unless you want to specify that he is procrastinating because he is lazy, then you'll say &quot;remolonear&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but for a more common speech translation, you would describe &quot;procrastinate&quot; instead of trying to translate it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T18:08:04.803" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T18:08:04.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22563" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:53:30.130" Score="-8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Less than 10 usages ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you haven't noticed that &quot;se&quot; is also a conjugation of the verb &quot;is&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Is&quot; can be used both as &quot;se&quot; and &quot;es&quot;, mostly &quot;se&quot; when you are conjugating the verb &quot;be&quot; itself, like : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;It is getting late&quot; translates to: &quot;Se esta haciendo tarde&quot; or &quot;esta haciéndose tarde&quot;  (see how the &quot;se&quot; is transfered to the end of the verb  &gt;&gt;haciendo&gt;&gt;&quot; &quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now , another use of &quot;se&quot; is the indicative of self pertenence i.e. &quot;el se compró un auto&quot; doesn't only translates to &quot;he bought a car&quot;, the correct translation is: &quot;he bought a car for himself&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another weird example is: &quot;el se hizo malo&quot;. This doesn't means &quot;he did bad&quot;, this actually means &quot;he made himself bad&quot; that actually means &quot;he became evil&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T16:31:27.827" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T16:31:27.827" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-23T10:52:38.103" Score="6" ViewCount="2033" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe una norma no escrita, en realidad a medio camino entre la norma y la broma, que dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para saber si hay que poner tilde o no en que/qué, cuando/cuándo, como/cómo, etc., basta con poner &lt;em&gt;cojones&lt;/em&gt; detrás de la palabra. Si la frase tiene sentido, lleva tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente, con algunos ejemplos sencillos parece que la cosa funciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber &lt;em&gt;cuando/cuándo&lt;/em&gt; vas a venir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;✓ Me gustaría saber &lt;strong&gt;cuándo&lt;/strong&gt; cojones vas a venir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues iré &lt;em&gt;cuando/cuándo&lt;/em&gt; me apetezca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;⊗ Pues iré &lt;strong&gt;cuando&lt;/strong&gt; cojones me apetezca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca nos dijo &lt;em&gt;donde/dónde&lt;/em&gt; había escondido el tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;✓ Nunca nos dijo &lt;strong&gt;dónde&lt;/strong&gt; cojones había escondido el tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso está &lt;em&gt;donde/dónde&lt;/em&gt; nos encontramos el tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;⊗ Eso está &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; cojones nos encontramos el tesoro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me entra la duda de si esto es realmente así en todos los casos. ¿Cuál es la fiabilidad de esta &quot;norma&quot;? ¿Es 100% fiable o se pueden encontrar casos que la contradigan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota 1: quien dice &lt;em&gt;cojones&lt;/em&gt; dice &lt;em&gt;porras&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;leches&lt;/em&gt; o cualquier otra interjección al uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota 2: esta norma se aplica a adverbios y pronombres, pero no a los adjetivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Cuantas/cuántas&lt;/em&gt; normas tengo que poner para que cumplas la ley?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;⊗ ¿&lt;strong&gt;Cuantas&lt;/strong&gt; cojones normas tengo que poner para que cumplas la ley?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T11:18:09.963" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T19:27:38.000" Title="Fiabilidad de la regla de poner &quot;cojones&quot; tras que/qué para saber si lleva tilde" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3609" CreationDate="2017-11-23T13:04:27.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto en México hay una gran variedad de maneras de decirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma más generalizada sería &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy con mi abuela&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy a casa de mi abuela&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, pero también he escuchado (dejando de lado si es correcto o no por la academia):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy a con mi abuela&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, con doble preposición, no es muy común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy a lo de mi abuela&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy a lo de Pepe&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; en Nayarit y Jalisco, similar que en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy enque mi abuela&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Voy enque la Juana&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, en Sonora y otras partes del norte de México, que imagino deriva del regionalismo &quot;ancá mi abuela&quot; de Andalucía, España (como el origen de la gran parte de inmigrantes europeos en esta zona), y con artículo acompañando al propietario de la casa, similar al Catalán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un saludo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18140" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T13:04:27.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22368" CreationDate="2017-11-23T14:23:29.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to understand your examples some context would be useful, but let's see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No conocí la canción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This looks like it's missing something, like a subordinate expression, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No conocí la canción hasta que tuve 40 años.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  = &quot;I didn't (get to) know the song until I turned 40 years old.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it's plain that you do know the song now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No conocí la canción cuando salió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  = &quot;I didn't (get to) know the song when it was released.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this other case it's a matter of context. With no further information, your hearer would probably ask: &quot;Well, do you know it &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt; can sometimes stand for &lt;em&gt;reconocer&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to recognize&quot;. If so, it would be as the speaker you consulted said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No reconocí la canción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  = &quot;(I heard the song but) I didn't recognize the song.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the verb in &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No conocía la canción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the imperfect refers to an unfinished process or a non-final state, this strongly implies that you do know the song now. But it's only an implication. If you are narrating a story in the past that mentions the song, this is what you'd say. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella quería que cantáramos juntos, pero yo no conocía la canción. Ella se aburrió y se fue. Nunca la volví a ver.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have just stated that you didn't know the song at the time that the story took place. Unless you give the hearer a clue, or flat out tell them that you looked up the song after the incident, it's unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T14:23:29.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23284" CreationDate="2017-11-23T21:44:37.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La clasificación de palabras en &lt;em&gt;llana, grave, esdrújula,&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sobreesdrújula&lt;/em&gt; sólo es útil hasta cierto punto.  Tomemos &lt;em&gt;vigesimocuarto&lt;/em&gt; como ejemplo.  No encuentro esta palabra en ningún diccionario.  Nos toca hacer la descomposición en sus elementos, &quot;vigésimo&quot; y &quot;cuarto&quot;, que sí se encuentran en los diccionarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás te sentirías mejor si te pusieras a pensar en las palabras compuestas de inglés y alemán.  Los elementos se juntan con una especie de cinta durex, y te das cuenta cómo pronunciarlas por tomar en cuenta la pronunciación original de las partes componentes.  Así podrás quedar más tolerante de la aparente contradicción que expusiste en tu pregunta.  Ejemplos del inglés y alemán: &lt;em&gt;lighthouse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Weichei&lt;/em&gt;.  Si no entendiera uno las partes componentes, se podrían tomar como &lt;em&gt;ligh-thouse&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Wei-chei&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero se deben tomar como &lt;em&gt;light-house&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Weich-ei&lt;/em&gt; (weich = blando, Ei = huevo, por lo tanto, huevo pasado por agua).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando un ejemplo de una palabra compuesta en español: &lt;em&gt;cantamañanas&lt;/em&gt;.  Me imagino que se pronuncia así: &lt;em&gt;cántamañánas&lt;/em&gt;.  Se puede clasificar como &lt;em&gt;llana, grave, esdrújula,&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sobreesdrújula&lt;/em&gt;?  Creo que no.  Creo que el diccionario no nos indica el acento secundario (&lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;), porque se supone que el lector va a tomar en cuenta la pronunciación de cada elemento.  A fin de cuentas, no se indican los acentos secundarios en los diccionarios porque no es la costumbre en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vigesimocuarto no se pronuncia vígesímocuárto, sino vigésimocuárto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-25T02:12:56.090" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:12:56.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23285" CreationDate="2017-11-24T01:27:50.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, let's see what the difference is between your first two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deseo&lt;/strong&gt; que estés aquí = I want you to be here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt; que estuvieras aquí = I wish you were here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence comes across as quite assertive.  The second acknowledges that it's impossible for you to be here (for example, maybe you're out of town).  But note that although this is technically correct, a more natural way of expressing this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quisiera que estuvieras aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means the same thing but is more comfortable to pronounce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for your questions.  &amp;quot;Desearía&amp;quot; sounds weird, and &amp;quot;quisiera&amp;quot; is a special case, so let me explain it with  a different verb, &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) Te pido que hables con mi hermano mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) Te pediría que hablaras con mi hermano mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) is more direct, (b) is more gentle.  It's just a difference of tone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, how can the tenses be safely combined in one sentence?  There are two patterns to choose from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;{present} ... {present subjunctive} e.g. &lt;em&gt;Pido que hables&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;{conditional} ... {past subjunctive} e.g. &lt;em&gt;Pediría que hablaras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to have a slightly similar construction in English, as motivation for the combination &lt;em&gt;conditional ... past subjunctive&lt;/em&gt;, you could think (very loosely) of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have liked you to have spoken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it's not the same but it could possibly help you build some intuitive feel for the pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T01:27:50.877" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23301" CreationDate="2017-11-24T03:21:50.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you ill? - ¿Estás enfermo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have explained, &quot;enfermo&quot; is an adjective here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Spanish requires that adjectives match gender, and show an S for a plural subject, if you ask two women this question, then yes, you will need &quot;enfermas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you [two ladies] ill? - ¿Están enfermas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, &lt;em&gt;enfermar&lt;/em&gt; does exist as a verb.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero acostarme temprano hoy.  Creo que me estoy enfermando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to go to bed early tonight.  I think I'm getting sick (coming down with something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T03:21:50.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-24T08:20:45.140" Score="5" ViewCount="724" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi hijo mayor ha descubierto en YouTube Kids vídeos de una serie de Disney Junior que en inglés se titula &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3747354/?ref_=nv_sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nina needs to go!&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. La serie va sobre una niña que ha dejado de usar pañales recientemente, pero está cada dos por tres con ganas de ir al baño en las situaciones más insospechadas, y la carrera hasta el baño es poco menos que una odisea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto vídeos de la serie en español de España y en español de Hispanoamérica. En la versión de España la serie se titula &quot;Nina ya es mayor&quot;, y en los episodios la frase que repite es &quot;tengo que ir al baño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en la versión de Hispanoamérica la serie traduce literalmente el título original como &quot;Nina tiene que ir&quot;, y lo que dice cada dos por tres es &quot;tengo que ir&quot; y &quot;de verdad tengo que ir&quot;. Incluso la frase que repite siempre al final de cada episodio es &quot;no debes seguir si tienes que ir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende en Hispanoamérica la expresión &quot;tengo que ir&quot; como &quot;tengo que ir al baño&quot;? ¿O es simplemente que tradujeron la expresión original de forma literal? Si se entiende, ¿es algo generalizado o solo en determinados países? ¿Se entiende en cualquier contexto o solo cuando hay niños pequeños involucrados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T14:05:10.970" Title="¿Se entiende en Hispanoamérica &quot;tengo que ir&quot; como &quot;tengo que ir al baño&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23331" CreationDate="2017-11-24T10:31:44.357" Score="7" ViewCount="928" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading the line below, which apparently translates to &quot;Tomorrow I am going to meet a friend&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought the verb &quot;encontrar&quot; was &quot;to find&quot; or is this a case when trying to translate something directly in English is a mistake?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana, voy a encontrarme con un amigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly why has &quot;me&quot; been added to &quot;encontrar&quot;? Assuming &quot;encontrar&quot; can also mean &quot;to meet&quot; I don't understand why the &quot;me&quot; is needed as we have &quot;voy a - I'm going to&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana, voy a encontrar con un amigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T10:44:45.850" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:31:57.963" Title="Can &quot;encontrar&quot; be used when talking about meeting someone?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23330" CreationDate="2017-11-24T10:51:06.543" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a case where the verb changes its meaning when converted to a pronominal one. See the valid meanings in the RAE's dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F91pW7R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encontrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. &lt;strong&gt;tr.&lt;/strong&gt; Dar con alguien o algo que se busca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. &lt;strong&gt;prnl.&lt;/strong&gt; Dicho de dos o más personas o cosas: Hallarse y concurrir juntas a un mismo lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first meaning (as transitive verb: &quot;encontrar&quot;) is what we usually translate as &quot;to find&quot;. But the fifth meaning (as a pronominal verb, with the &quot;se&quot; added: &quot;encontrarse&quot;) is what you can actually translate as &quot;to meet (someone)&quot;. So yes, you can use the verb when speaking about meeting someone, and you need to use the verb as pronominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana voy a encontrar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; con un amigo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mañana &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; voy a encontrar con un amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-25T02:31:57.963" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T02:31:57.963" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22910" CreationDate="2017-11-24T13:53:59.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los cursos de lógica solíamos usar &quot;o&quot; para la disyunción inclusiva, y &quot;o bien&quot; para la disyunción exclusiva. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wordreference sugiere traducir &quot;o bien&quot; como &quot;either or&quot;, que es el significado que buscamos.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=o+bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=o+bien&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18145" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T13:53:59.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23335" CreationDate="2017-11-24T15:48:28.510" Score="4" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to wish someone well regarding her planned dinner.  I believe the literal translation of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope the dinner &lt;strong&gt;goes&lt;/strong&gt; well &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero que la cena &lt;strong&gt;vaya&lt;/strong&gt; bien  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have doubts if this will be understood correctly.  The reader is Colombian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15148" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T13:55:54.137" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:55:54.137" Title="¿Puede una cena &quot;ir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23333" CreationDate="2017-11-24T16:08:15.183" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence will be understood. The verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; can be used colloquially to describe how well or bad something goes. In the DLE (the reference dictionary in Spanish):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir bien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. verb. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una cosa: Desarrollarse satisfactoriamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, when something develops satisfactorily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use it in other situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo va el trabajo? // How is your job going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo va todo? // How is everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te va en la nueva casa? // How are you doing in the new house?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T22:05:13.580" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23329" CreationDate="2017-11-24T16:11:11.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considero que es más debido a una traducción literal que a otros motivos. Por regla general si tu dices: &quot;Tengo que ir&quot; y luego no añades nada más la mayoría de la gente te preguntará: &quot;¿Ir a dónde?&quot;. Así que lo más probable es que en Hispanoamérica se decidiera traducir de forma literal el título de la serie.  Soy de Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18148" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-11T22:24:03.263" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T22:24:03.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22790" CreationDate="2017-11-24T16:22:48.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Remolonear&lt;/code&gt; is a word more common than &lt;code&gt;procrastinar&lt;/code&gt;, even though &lt;code&gt;procrastinar&lt;/code&gt; is quite more specific in this case. When you &quot;procrastinas&quot; you are delaying doing something for a long time (that common sentence we all have said: &quot;Nah, I'll do it tomorrow&quot;). &lt;code&gt;Remolonear&lt;/code&gt; can be used in the same way, but is more correct to use it in a shorter period of time. For example, when you are up in the morning and you don't want to stand up from the bed, you are &quot;remoloneando&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you are asking for the most common word, most people will understand &lt;code&gt;remolonear&lt;/code&gt; better than &lt;code&gt;procrastinar&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Procrastinar&lt;/code&gt; is a culturized form of saying it, and not all people will understand that (sadly I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18148" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T16:25:15.707" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:25:15.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23329" CreationDate="2017-11-24T16:39:51.363" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se entiende en Hispanoamérica la expresión &quot;tengo que ir&quot; como &quot;tengo que ir al baño&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No en Colombia, o al menos yo no lo entendería así. Quizá viendo un niño haciendo caras extrañas se entendería fácilmente, pero sin el contexto adecuado no. Ahora, luego de saber a qué se refiere, en un niño encontraría ese uso aceptable, pero en un adulto la frase me resultaría extraña e infantil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:39:51.363" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23329" CreationDate="2017-11-24T17:00:03.957" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es muy común en Mexico, sobre todo cuando hablamos del lenguaje utilizado por niños. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy normal que en las casas hispanoamericanas a los niños se les prohiba decir palabras con cierto grado de &quot;impureza&quot; que provoca que los niños desarrollen &quot;pudor&quot; al tratar de decir cosas que tienen que ver con ir al baño. Es una especie de autocensura social, donde palabras que tienen que ver con la intimidad personal son cambiadas por &quot;pipi&quot; o &quot;popo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los medios de comunicacion hay una sensibilidad muy marcada en cuanto al uso del language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ... sí, cuando se trata de lenguaje utilizado por niños, sabes que estan omitiendo palabras que les da vergüenza decir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos que los niños son criaturas muy sensibles a las observaciones y crítica de los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2019-06-12T14:05:10.970" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T14:05:10.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23322" CreationDate="2017-11-24T19:27:38.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina usamos sólo ocasionalmente la palabra “cojones” como sustantivo coloquial para significar “coraje”. En preguntas enfáticas, luego de la palabra interrogativa podemos usar, si estamos muy enojados, “carajo” o “mierda”, ambas bastante fuertes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de que los hablantes solemos marcar una diferencia en la entonación de la palabra acentuada (más enfática) y la no acentuada (mero nexo), la decisión sobre cómo clasificar esas palabras que pueden ser pronombres, adverbios o adjetivos interrogativos o exclamativos (en cuyo caso llevan tilde) o conjunciones (en cuyo caso no llevan tilde) se simplifica anteponiendo una frase del discurso indirecto y, en caso de que ya la haya, eliminándola y verificando si lo que sigue puede subsistir, tal como está, como pregunta o exclamación &lt;strong&gt;con el mismo sentido de la oración original&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber cuándo vas a venir. (“Me gustaría saber” ya es una frase introductoria de discurso indirecto y, si se la elimina, subsiste la pregunta: “¿Cuándo vas a venir?”, que está incluida en la oración original.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría recibirte cuando vengas. (Esta pregunta: *“¿Cuándo vengas?” no es gramaticalmente posible.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nunca nos dijo dónde había escondido el tesoro. (Si eliminamos la frase introductoria, subsiste la pregunta: “¿Dónde había escondido el tesoro?”)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se quedó quieto donde había escondido el tesoro. (Claramente, la pregunta “¿Dónde había escondido el tesoro?” no está incluida en la oración original: nadie hizo esa pregunta.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántas normas tengo que poner para que cumplas la ley? (Se puede pasar a discurso indirecto: “Me pregunto cuántas normas tengo que poner para que cumplas la ley.”)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Desobedece cuantas normas se le imponen. (La pregunta “¿Cuántas normas se le imponen?” no está implícita en la oración original.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T19:27:38.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22910" CreationDate="2017-11-24T19:28:15.297" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo interesante es que la &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; exclusiva no existe en español, esta tiene que componerse con el contexto, o se debe de entender en el sentido de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un viejo chiste de programadores que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabes que eres programador si acaba de nacer tu hijo, y la mamá te pregunta &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;¿es niño o niña?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y tú respondes: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;sí&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para hacer evidente la &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; exclusiva en español, se tiene que dividir la oración en dos partes para hacer énfasis en las opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue niño o fue niña?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también podemos agregar una &amp;quot;o&amp;quot; al inicio de la primera opción, observa la diferencia a continuación (y observa cómo la utilicé al inicio de esta misma oración):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puedes elegir azul o rojo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto indica que puede elegir cualquier color o ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;O azul o rojo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto indica que solo puede elegir uno de los dos colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilicemos tus ejemplos para este resultado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Vienes o te quedas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora lo transformaremos en dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Vas a venir? o ¿te vas a quedar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente solo hay una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora transformemos a una afirmación la pregunta &amp;quot;¿Estudias o trabajas?&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;O estudias o trabajas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente la persona en cuestión se sentirá confundida pues hace ambas cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la wiki también puedes encontrar este mismo ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;O llamó Pablo o Carlos&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T14:27:32.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23344" CreationDate="2017-11-24T19:42:08.337" Score="2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Observando la historia de las lenguas, en particular el latin, todas estas pasan por un periodo de nacimiento, madurez, prolificacion y muerte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El latin apareció cerca del siglo VIII AC y Su diversificación y posterior muerte se inició alrededor del siglo X; esto son 18 siglos de vida. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El español se inició en su periodo clásico como castellano en el siglo IX, dándole hasta la actualidad unos 12 siglos de vida . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, cabe indicar que la aparición del castellano no fue una evolución del latín, si no una distorsión, pues el latín castellano no fue un latín del todo asimilado por los ibéricos formando su propia variante del latín. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si analizamos las similitudes del español de las Américas con el del latín junto a las épocas doradas de Roma y España, podemos identificar un patrón el cual es: la prolificacion del lenguaje, el periodo posclasico y la muerte. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única diferencia es que en esta ocasión no ha existido ninguna Guerra que venga a imponer un Nuevo idioma dándole autonomía a cada región. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, los países actuales son completamente autónomos y esto ha diversificado el uso del lenguaje dándonos dos grandes ramas: el español castellano y el español latino, eso sin contar todas las variedades del español hablado en España, como el catalán, gallego, aranés, aragonés, entre otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me trae muchas otras preguntas como: es el lenguaje parte de la identidad de una comunidad o es la comunidad lo que le da la identidad al lenguaje? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T20:06:43.570" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T20:09:24.360" Title="Esta el español en su periodo Posclasico, le sucedara al español lo mismo que al latin?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-27T03:11:44.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23347" CreationDate="2017-11-24T20:07:41.173" Score="6" ViewCount="1076" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the sound of a baby's cry in Spanish (i.e., the Spanish equivalent for English's &quot;Waah!&quot; or &quot;Wah!&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12174" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:29:07.943" Title="What is the sound of a baby's cry in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23342" CreationDate="2017-11-24T20:09:24.360" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bueno, primero permíteme un comentario:  catalán, gallego, aranés o aragonés son &lt;strong&gt;idiomas diferentes&lt;/strong&gt;; no son en ningún caso &quot;variedades de español&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, y para responder a lo demás... bueno, no tenemos una bola de cristal para ver el futuro y nadie puede prever lo que sucederá. Quizás la civilización finalice antes de que se extinga el castellano; quizá la colonización lingüística acelere demasiado... no lo sabemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eso sí, debes tener en cuenta una serie de diferencias, entre las que destacan &lt;strong&gt;la imprenta e Internet&lt;/strong&gt;. Es evidente que la evolución del español fue mucho más rápida cuando no había imprenta. Cuando se difunden textos escritos, el cambio es más lento. También lo fue desde los inicios de la RAE en el s. XVIII, aunque ésta sí recoge cambios (algunos de los cuales no me gustan jeje), pero al ritmo actual de evolución del idioma casi se puede considerar lenta. Y luego está Internet y su contradicción. Por un lado las redes sociales aceleran la evolución, pero por otro lado nunca antes había existido tal difusión de textos escritos, e incluso se están recuperando formas arcaicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, yo más bien observo lo contrario. Observo un gran interés internacional por los idiomas y el español está afortunadamente en una posición privilegiada. Sigo pensando que pese a factores políticos el español continúa siendo un idioma muy solicitado, así que sería extraño que se extinguiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T20:09:24.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23343" CreationDate="2017-11-24T20:10:21.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are looking for is an &quot;onomatopoeia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find a little feedback here over the different onomatopoeias for the crying sound:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/poetry_literature/1507440-la_onomatopeya_del_llanto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/poetry_literature/1507440-la_onomatopeya_del_llanto.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;buu/ buaa&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;bua / buah / buahhh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;snif snif&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;guaaa&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T10:29:07.943" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:29:07.943" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23581" CreationDate="2017-11-24T20:37:08.787" Score="4" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;Así como los sonidos tienen movimientos llamados &quot;onomatopeyas&quot;, ¿existen nombres para los movimientos realizados por el cuerpo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alzar el puño en señal de victoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hay uno en concreto que ni siquiera sé como describirlo, pero es más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Golpearse el costado con brazo en un movimento que inicia con el brazo extendido hacia adelante deslizando el brazo bruscamente hacia abajo y atras, manteniendo el antebrazo apuntando hacia adelante, terminado con el codo a la altura de las costillas&quot;, normalmente utilizado de manera sutil despues de haber conseguido un exito, mas no necesariamente una victoria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T22:22:42.933" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T03:57:55.297" Title="¿Existen nombres para los movimientos realizados por el cuerpo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23343" CreationDate="2017-11-24T23:20:05.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/tatatachan-95-onomatopeyas/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Fundéu list&lt;/a&gt;, the Spanish onomatopoeia for a crying baby is &quot;bua&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;llanto de un bebé: &lt;em&gt;¡bua, bua!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The official dictionary (the DLE) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=bua&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;does not include it as a word&lt;/a&gt;, though; but that's expected, as explained in the answer to this other question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22844/13628&quot;&gt;Is there an official list of Spanish onomatopoeia?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T23:20:05.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23346" CreationDate="2017-11-24T23:31:26.063" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, se llaman &lt;strong&gt;gestos&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JARGBj1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gesto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;gestus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Movimiento del rostro, de las manos o de otras partes del cuerpo, con que se expresan afectos o se transmiten mensajes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También te puede valer &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0ignGD5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ademán&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T23:31:26.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23343" CreationDate="2017-11-25T00:52:59.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile our onomatopoeia is &lt;strong&gt;¡guaaa!&lt;/strong&gt; This is because in the Mapuzungun language (the language of the Mapuche ethnic group), &quot;baby&quot; is called &lt;em&gt;guagua&lt;/em&gt;, and later its use has been extended to all current Spanish speech, even in formal and cultured situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I never thought that elsewhere the onomatopoeia was different, consequently I am very surprised to read here that the standard form is &lt;em&gt;buaaa&lt;/em&gt;. In Chile, this form seems closer to the scare.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T00:52:59.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-25T08:50:34.123" Score="2" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I always use present perfect for all past actions instead of memorizing verb conjugations in the simple past? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Yo les he dicho, les he hecho, les he traido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; ( present perfect)&#xA;instead of using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;les dije, les traje, les hice&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (past simple)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to simplify my speaking, increase my speaking speed instead of mumbling trying to remember all those conjugations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2017-11-26T14:59:51.343" LastActivityDate="2019-11-08T09:32:52.633" Title="Can I always use present perfect for all past actions instead of memorizing verb conjugations in the simple past?" Tags="&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23350" CreationDate="2017-11-25T11:49:45.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;People would understand you, but it would be weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, being lazy is usually a recipe for disaster. (It's exaggerated in this case, of course). I think you should try to do things well instead of making them &quot;short&quot; or &quot;easy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you're focusing it wrong: you don't have to learn all the conjugations alone and then recall each one of them. It's like learning the pieces and then builting up every sentence. That's truly slow and artificial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, you should read and practise things altogether wit context. You will actually learn those conjugations, but it will be more unconciously. You have to &lt;strong&gt;use them&lt;/strong&gt; in context, so that everytime you're about to say &quot;tu fue&quot; sounds bad to you for some reason, and the only one that sound good to you is &quot;tu fuiste&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T11:49:45.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23360" CreationDate="2017-11-25T14:20:56.923" Score="0" ViewCount="1482" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ghVGN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ghVGN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la muñeca de la niña.&lt;sub&gt;the child's doll.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la muñeca es de la niña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) los amigos de María.&lt;sub&gt;Maria's friends.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) los amigos son de María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) los perros del muchacho.&lt;sub&gt;the boy's dogs.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) los perros son del muchacho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a bit confused after learning that you use 'ser' with possession.&#xA;What's confusing me is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I think these two sentences a and b, mean the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If using 'de' before the noun shows possession, why is 'ser' needed to show possession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These examples were taken from &amp;quot;easy spanish step by step&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T22:08:43.130" Title="What's the difference between &quot;de&quot; and &quot;ser de&quot; in terms of possession?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2017-11-25T16:34:42.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both sentences mean the same thing approximately. There's a small nuance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La muñeca de la niña = The girl's doll.   That's correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when you say  &quot;La muñeca es de la niña&quot;, you are omitting one part to make it sound better and less redundant.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La muñeca es [la muñeca] de la niña&quot; = The doll is [the doll] of the girl = The doll is the girl's doll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the English equivalent would actually be &quot;The doll is the girl's &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the difference. When you include the verb &quot;ser&quot;, you're implying that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, there's another discussion about whether it is neccesary or not, or if &quot;ser&quot; makes any sense. It is a &quot;copula&quot; (verbo copulativo), it just matches subject with information about it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T16:34:42.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2017-11-25T19:35:04.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your a and b:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) los amigos de María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Los amigos son de María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) I think these two sentences a and b mean the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) If using &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; before the noun shows possession, why is &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; needed&#xA;  to show possession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) The concept is the same in a and b, you're right.  The way you'd use these phrases to make whole sentences would be slightly different, though.  For starters, note that (b) is already a complete sentence, but (a) is just a fragment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) You don't need &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; to show possession, but you might need it to make a complete sentence.  I think this will be easier to explain if I start out with some English sentences and then put them into Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i) &lt;em&gt;Juan and José are María's friends.&lt;/em&gt; OR *Juan and José are friends of María's. | Esos dos hermanos son amigos de María.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ii) &lt;em&gt;Please invite María's friends from school, Juan and José.&lt;/em&gt; | Por favor, invita a los compañeros de escuela de María, Juan y José.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iii) &lt;em&gt;Look!  María's friends, Juan and José, are at the other cash register.&lt;/em&gt; | ¡Mira!  Los amigos de María están en la otra caja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T19:35:04.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23350" CreationDate="2017-11-25T19:50:23.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you may do this in your conversations.  I'm glad to hear you want to prioritize fluency at this stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see this as analogous to &quot;invented spelling,&quot; a modern pedagogical concept in education of five and six-year-olds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your writing practice work, I'd encourage you to continue to work with both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you progress with your studies, you will have opportunities to expand your speaking repertoire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tons of great verbs that use a regular simple past tense.  As an intermediate step, you may want to build up a bank of go-to regular past tenses to draw on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Small comment about your object pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo he les dicho, les hecho, les traido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're going to want to put &quot;les&quot; in a different spot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo les he dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you'll want to use a different object pronoun, &quot;los&quot; instead of &quot;les&quot;.  For example, if you want to say that you made the two cakes already, then it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los he hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that I omitted the subject.  Fun thing you can get away with in Spanish!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T19:50:23.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2017-11-25T21:45:27.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;the difference is that when you use &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; what you are doing is that you are building the subject&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adding &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; in Spanish, is the same as using the Apostrophe in English :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;el carro de Mike es azul&amp;quot; Translates to : &amp;quot;mike's car is blue&amp;quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the use of &amp;quot;es de&amp;quot; you at actually Conjugating the verb &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; to indicate an ownership, and the &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; is used to define who's the owner., i'll need a longer example to explain how this works with a question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;question: &amp;quot;de quien es este carro?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;answer : &amp;quot;ese carro es de mike&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to English :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;question : &amp;quot;whose is that car?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;answer &amp;quot; that's mike's car&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T21:45:27.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23350" CreationDate="2017-11-25T23:17:54.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question would ideally be answered by someone with a working knowledge of language teaching, based on studies about best practices. I haven't been able to find something like that, so I'll just give you my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask if you can always use &quot;present perfect&quot; (that is, the tense called &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;) instead of the &quot;simple past&quot; (that is, the &lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;). That would be wrong and, for most Spanish hearers, it would sound weird. Not so much in Spain, where the compound preterite is far more common, but surely in Latin America. That's a fact: the two tenses serve different purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if this is just a temporary approach, and it helps you build up your confidence while speaking, then I'd be all for it. The key is: does it actually help you? Will you then find it easy to switch to the correct verb forms? That is up to you. You need to be aware of what you're doing and, in time, start incorporating those irregular verbs into your speech (maybe not all at the same time). Otherwise you'll just become fluent in Weird Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personal anecdote: I'm learning German. As in Spanish, each verb is conjugated for person and number, and also as in Spanish, there is a compound preterite and a simple preterite. Unlike Spanish, most German informal speech uses the compound tense. But for some common verbs (the equivalents of &lt;em&gt;have, be, do&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) you must use the simple past when it's due. As it happens to you with Spanish, I'm now at the point where I employ the compound tense for all past actions, except for those verbs, but I don't know many of the (mostly irregular) simple preterite forms yet. I know I'll have to learn them some day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'd say: speak as you can, for now, but don't put off learning the correct verb forms. Start with just a few of the common verbs (&lt;em&gt;decir, hacer&lt;/em&gt;), incorporate them into your speech, and keep at them until they come naturally. Then incorporate some more verbs, and so on. They're not so many and you can use them in fixed phrases. For example, it's not that difficult to remember to start a bit of reported speech with &lt;em&gt;Yo dije&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Él dijo&lt;/em&gt;. After a while it should just come out automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-11-08T09:32:52.633" LastActivityDate="2019-11-08T09:32:52.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23364" CreationDate="2017-11-26T04:31:29.140" Score="2" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;A sentence from Easy spanish step by step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos son maestros excelentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should this be,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos son &lt;strong&gt;unos&lt;/strong&gt; maestros excelentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as the noun &quot;maestros&quot; has been modified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly are the definite articles &quot;el&quot; and &quot;la&quot; used for modified profession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él es &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; maestro excelente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or is this only done with indefinite articles? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-26T13:17:58.370" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T15:05:01.980" Title="Articles and Modified Professions" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23362" CreationDate="2017-11-26T05:11:26.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the first example, the plural undefined article &quot;unos/unas&quot; can be omitted when the pronoun is present in the sentence when is used to assign properties to the subject. yet the meaning can be interpreted in different ways as using the article actually gives emphasis in the assignment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on the second example, you are misusing the article &quot;el&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;their use is the same as the &quot;the&quot; in English and using it that way actually transforms the meaning of the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the proper way for your example is to use the undefined Article &quot;a/an&quot;, in both English and Spanish they have the same meaning and usage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;saying: &quot;él es el maestro excelente&quot; literally translates to : &quot;he is the excellent teacher&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;implying that there's only 1 excellent teacher, to avoid this you use the undefined article for the singular male &quot;un&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;él es un maestro excelente &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2017-11-26T05:44:52.530" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T05:44:52.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23362" CreationDate="2017-11-26T06:14:49.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your first question, let me review your reasoning.  You're observing that if we start out with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El es maestro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and we modify &lt;em&gt;maestro&lt;/em&gt; with an adjective, e.g. &lt;em&gt;excelente&lt;/em&gt;, then we need to add an indefinite article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El es un maestro excelente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd like to know if we need to do the same thing with the plural version.  In other words, if we add an adjective to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos son maestros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;must we then say the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos son unos maestros excelentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or can we say the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos son maestros excelentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is, &quot;Ellos son maestros excelentes&quot; is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question, I think you're asking whether it's okay to say the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El es el maestro excelente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is, Yes, you can say this, but it's a bit unusual.  It means, as Mike said, &quot;He is the excellent teacher.&quot; Here's a possible context.  For example, you've been telling your brother about an incredible teacher you have, and then you run into him in the grocery store.  You might tell your brother, &quot;He's the excellent teacher (I was telling you about).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &quot;Es un maestro&quot; is also possible, although it has a special meaning: &quot;He's an expert / a genius&quot; or &quot;He's phenomenal!&quot;  (Thanks to @Gustavson for suggesting this addition to my answer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-11-26T15:05:01.980" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T15:05:01.980" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23369" CreationDate="2017-11-26T11:03:56.283" Score="5" ViewCount="5897" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la lengua, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WjJREOq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rositas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de rositas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. De balde, sin esfuerzo alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/consulta/irse-de-rositas-1086/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FUNDEU&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge que la locución &quot;irse de rositas&quot; figura, por ejemplo, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario fraseológico documentado del español actual&lt;/em&gt;, de Seco, Andrés y Ramos, donde se da la siguiente definición:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de rositas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  adv (col) Sin pagar lo que se debe o sin recibir el castigo merecido. Generalmente en la locución «irse de rositas».  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no he encontrado su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edición: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las referencias más antiguas que he encontrado son:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Santa Coloma: &lt;em&gt;Fiestas reales de toros&lt;/em&gt; (1878)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;A los cinco terceros, Canales, el Chuchi, Melones y los de tanda, que no se descuidaron con el palo, como igualmente los reservas que ninguno se fué &lt;strong&gt;de rositas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pérez Galdós: &lt;em&gt;La Primera República&lt;/em&gt; (1911):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Ponga usted también en su Historia que se llevó &lt;strong&gt;de rositas&lt;/strong&gt; dos mil reales para sus gastos de viaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-11-26T19:41:33.243" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T19:25:46.193" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;de rositas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23167" CreationDate="2017-11-26T13:06:05.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/el-reto-linguistico-de-lograr-que-fistro-sobreviva-a-chiquito/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FUNDEU&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; analizan la posibilidad de que &lt;strong&gt;fistro&lt;/strong&gt; sea incluido en el DLE:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El reto lingüístico de lograr que «fistro» sobreviva a Chiquito&#xA;  Chiquito de la Calzada se ha ido y nos ha dejado sus chistes y&#xA;  expresiones inventadas. Estas ya forman parte de la jerga española,&#xA;  pero corren el riesgo de desaparecer. El principal problema es que más&#xA;  de veinte años después, &lt;strong&gt;nadie sabe aún qué es un fistro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Académicos y lingüistas consultados por Sinc dudan de las&#xA;  posibilidades de supervivencia de esta palabra en la lengua&#xA;  castellana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... Chiquito de la Calzada, contó en 1994 durante su debut&#xA;  televisivo. Era la primera vez que España escuchaba una palabra que&#xA;  sería repetida durante años sin que nadie supiera qué significaba ni&#xA;  de dónde había salido. Ahora que el humorista malagueño nos ha dejado,&#xA;  ¿desaparecerá también su fistro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Varias campañas de Change.org ya piden la inclusión de fistro en el&#xA;  diccionario de la RAE, pero los expertos consultados por Sinc dudan&#xA;  que sobreviva. &lt;strong&gt;«Es muy difícil que una palabra de este tipo entre en&#xA;  la lengua, aunque no significa que sea imposible», asegura Javier&#xA;  Bezos, uno de los miembros de la Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu&#xA;  BBVA). «Depende de que pase de una generación a otra, algo que en este&#xA;  caso no parece que esté ocurriendo».&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Creo que será difícil la supervivencia de fistro porque está muy&#xA;  ligado a un origen y un contexto muy concretos, que cada vez resultan&#xA;  más lejanos y extraños a los hablantes, en especial a las nuevas&#xA;  generaciones»&lt;/strong&gt;, explica a Sinc el sociolingüista Francisco Moreno, que&#xA;  es director del Instituto Cervantes en la Universidad de Harvard&#xA;  (EEUU).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumen:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1) Si se ha planteado la inclusión en el DLE, al menos de &lt;strong&gt;fistro&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.change.org/search?q=fistro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;diferentes propuestas en change.org&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2) No es imposible, pero si muy difícil, dependiendo fundamentalmente de que pase de una generación a otra (en la línea de lo contestado por @Aurelio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T13:06:05.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23350" CreationDate="2017-11-26T15:50:35.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Explicitly and actively using only the present perfect tense to convey the past is not the correct way to approach speaking about the past.  This technique you're describing is more of an anti-technique than anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if you wanted to tell someone that you ate yesterday?  Or what if you wanted to tell someone that you were eating when something occurred?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't just say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have eaten when the parade started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have spoken when the teacher asked the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have told the students last week about the test today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above examples, the use of present perfect is not correct.  Although those examples are not in Spanish, they would sound just as confusing if translated into Spanish.  In these examples, you would use pluperfect (past perfect) instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo habia comido cuando comenzó el desfile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had eaten when the parade started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habíamos hablado cuando el maestro preguntó la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had spoken when the teacher asked the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les habías dicho a los alumnos la semana pasada del examen hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You had told the students last week about the test today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, your question asked about using present perfect for all instances of the past.  So those examples would read a lot differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look back at the very first example, it has more to it than just &amp;quot;I have eaten&amp;quot;.  It also says that the parade started (a past tense).  That part isn't being conjugated as present perfect, so to be consistent, you'd end up with something like this if you substituted present perfect for all forms of the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He comido cuando el desfile ha comenzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have eaten when the parade has started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, it should definitely feel like you are cutting corners as a speaker when saying things this way.  This would confuse listeners more than it would convey your actual thoughts and emotions.  It takes just as much effort to learn something correctly than it does to learn and practice it incorrectly, so you're better off doing it the correct way.  You're only hurting yourself by practicing bad habits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here, I leave my concluding statement,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have answered your question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T15:50:35.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23365" CreationDate="2017-11-26T16:05:28.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que puede ser una ironía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Irse de rosas&lt;/em&gt; podría ser equivalente a &quot;recibir rosas&quot; (como &lt;em&gt;se fue de aplausos&lt;/em&gt; significa que lo aplaudieron).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en este caso la persona en realidad lo que se merece es un castigo, se dice todo lo contrario, matizado con el diminutivo para que se entienda que se está siendo sarcástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como recibir rosas es más o menos un símbolo de la premiación, &lt;em&gt;irse de rositas&lt;/em&gt; significaría todo lo contrario, o sea &quot;este señor no se merece ningún premio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T16:05:28.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21614" CreationDate="2017-11-26T22:20:18.957" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español antiguo tenía seis sibilantes: dentales, apicoalveolares y postalveolares, en pares sorda/sonora. El español actual sólo tiene sibilantes sordas, y tiene dos variantes principales, una con tres puntos de articulación (el estándar peninsular con /θ/, /s/ y /x/), y otra con dos (el estándar americano con /s/ y /x/), dejando de lado las múltiples realizaciones fonéticas regionales. Esta última tiene como origen mayormente el habla de Andalucía, donde los cambios fonéticos del castellano (que avanzaba desde el norte) llegaron más tarde y de manera diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el español norteño (de Castilla) se perdió primero la distinción entre sordas y sonoras, y luego, a fines del siglo XVI, los tres fonemas resultantes se &quot;apartaron&quot; uno de otro: el dental se hizo netamente interdental y el postalveolar se hizo velar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Andalucía y América, en cambio, se perdió primero la distinción entre la posición dental y la apicoalveolar, durante el siglo XVI, y luego la distinción de sonoridad, a fines del mismo siglo. El fonema postalveolar pasó a ser velar/glotal un siglo más tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el año 1800 el sistema fonológico ya debía ser aproximadamente como el actual. Con toda seguridad no había ya distinción entre sibilantes sordas y sonoras (realizadas ahora siempre como sordas). Quizá en algún dialecto arcaico de alguna región apartada todavía podía escucharse una postalveolar en vez de una velar, pero en mi opinión el tal José, en ruso, no habría usado la letra &lt;em&gt;zhe&lt;/em&gt; (Ж), que de hecho representa una fricativa retrofleja sonora, para representar el sonido inicial de su nombre. En todo caso podría haber usado &lt;em&gt;sha&lt;/em&gt; (Ш), que representa la retrofleja sorda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T22:20:18.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23365" CreationDate="2017-11-27T11:34:56.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que Rodrigo va por buen camino. Nótese que no estoy seguro de si en tu primer ejemplo el uso de &quot;irse de rositas&quot; es literal o figurado. Véase este otro de 1876 que copio de la hemeroteca de la BNE;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se presentó el cuarto, colorado, careto, capachito. Laborda dio varios lances de capa. Matacán picó dos veces, y Juanillo Bejarano una, yéndose ambos de rositas [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boletín de loterías y de toros (Madrid). 20/11/1876, n.º 1.343, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo del toreo era (y supongo que sigue siendo) normal que cuando una persona cumplía dignamente su cometido se le tiraran rosas como premio, lo que hace de la expresión &quot;irse de rositas&quot; algo literal. Sin embargo, por la misma época se usaba la misma expresión para justo lo contrario: hacer algo sin esfuerzo alguno, en contraposición a los que tienen que esforzarse en cumplir su tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Donde para la fiesta de los toro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no fartan a la gente veinte riale;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  donde hay un sor que alumbra de rositas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  á toos los que quieran disfrutarle.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Globo (Madrid). 5/5/1879, n.º 1.298, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se indica que el sol alumbra sin ningún esfuerzo. En todo caso, esta expresión debió de tener su origen en Andalucía, a juzgar por el lenguaje usado en la rima anterior, que es el primer caso que encuentro de la expresión usada figuradamente. Esto me hace pensar si su origen no pudo haber sido otro, ya que encuentro noticias que hablan de una tal calle &lt;em&gt;de Rositas&lt;/em&gt;, situada en el casco histórico de Sevilla, y de la que dicen así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias á la buena administración de la señá Agapita, tenia casa abierta en una de las calles más económicas de Sevilla; en la de Rositas.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Periódico para todos. 31/1/1877, n.º 31, página 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto también podría haber influido en la creación de la expresión (en su versión &quot;hacer algo de rositas&quot;), dado que abrir un negocio en dicha calle sería algo que implicaría menos esfuerzo que en otros sitios. Hoy día esa calle se llama &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/maps/place/Calle+Adolfo+Cu%C3%A9llar,+41001+Sevilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de Adolfo Cuéllar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y, aunque está un poco escondida, será de todo menos barata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T11:34:56.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23304" CreationDate="2017-11-27T16:03:29.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se decía en los comentarios de la otra pregunta, la RAE un poco tira la piedra y esconde la mano, o quizá menos agresivamente podríamos decir que no reconoce sus limitaciones. La verdad es que casi todas las palabras pertenecen a la clase de los &quot;casos particulares&quot; que menciona la RAE como necesitados de documentación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante los extranjerismos nos encontramos con dos problemas: la transliteración o transcripción, y el respeto a las reglas gramaticales de la lengua fuente. Sospecho que la inmensa mayoría de los que la RAE considera para su política son extranjerismos del inglés. Ahí habrá algún que otro plural irregular pero nada más, y no hace falta transliterar porque el alfabeto inglés es un subconjunto del latino español. Con otras lenguas romances no hay mayores problemas en cuanto a la ortografía además de acentos y cedillas, pero en el caso del italiano está el asunto de los plurales con cambio o agregado de vocal en vez de con &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;. Con el alemán aparecen las letras con diéresis y la &lt;em&gt;ess-zet&lt;/em&gt; (ß), que generalmente pueden ser transliteradas como vocal + &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; y como &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente, sin provocar ambigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un extranjerismo no latino podría ser considerado &quot;crudo&quot; en lo ortográfico si sigue un esquema de transcripción o transliteración. Obviamente esto depende de la definición de &quot;crudo&quot;. Transliterar o transcribir implica un &quot;procesamiento de datos&quot; importante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema sigue siendo la gramática. Hay categorías gramaticales, como el plural, que se pueden transferir de otra lengua al español suponiendo que uno sepa cómo hacerlo; pero hay otras que no se pueden transferir sin confusión o que no está claro cómo se podrían transferir, como los casos gramaticales. La RAE no da grandes detalles y deja entrever con su ejemplo elegido que sólo es relevante el plural, pero esto es porque número y género son las únicas categorías de flexión de los sustantivos castellanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El género es otro asunto espinoso pero los extranjerismos (fuera de los romances) suelen ser adoptados con un género dado arbitrario. Esto tampoco es &quot;crudo&quot; pero es razonable. Las lenguas eslavas tienen tres géneros, el japonés y el chino no tienen ninguno, las lenguas bantúes tienen una docena o más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para resumir: lo &quot;crudo&quot; de los extranjerismos crudos de la RAE es &quot;bastante cocido&quot; de hecho. Se respetan las normas de escritura &quot;internas&quot; a la palabra pero se impone la norma de mayúsculas/minúsculas del castellano. Se pide respetar una categoría gramatical (el plural) pero el género queda librado al azar y no hay claridad sobre qué hacer con las categorías que no se encuentran en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T16:03:29.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22950" CreationDate="2017-11-27T17:51:12.723" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin duda este es un tipo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jerga&lt;/a&gt; que pasa a formar parte de algún dialecto regional según su popularidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para denotar a novatos se han utilizado muchas palabras para indicar su falta de experiencia. &#xA;El uso de la palabra blanco, o pequeño o joven son las características presentes de todo inexperto. En algunos lugares de Mexico se les dice &quot;Potrillos&quot; a los que están aprendiendo algo nuevo, sobre todo si son jovenes, en referencia a como los potrillos caminan torpemente al empezar a caminar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Blanca palomita&quot; es otro ejemplo donde se hace notar la falta de malicia en una persona para notar timos, de ahí el viejo dicho &quot;blanca palomita que te dejas engañar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esto no se limita al español. Comunidades han utilizado otras palabras de otros idiomas dado a su uso, por ejemplo &quot;noob&quot; para definer a un novato que fue extraída del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T13:18:30.440" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T13:18:30.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23387" CreationDate="2017-11-27T18:33:21.110" Score="2" ViewCount="1422" Body="&lt;p&gt;El prefijo &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Prefijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;  puede denotar negación o privación de algo. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capaz - &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt;capaz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imaginable - &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt;imaginable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alcanzable - &lt;strong&gt;in&lt;/strong&gt;alcanzable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción de estos ejemplos parece seguir un patrón bastante regular. En estos días necesité el antónimo de &amp;quot;indeciso&amp;quot; y no me vino a la mente de inmediato. Luego vi que era &amp;quot;decidido&amp;quot;, pero me surgió la duda de por qué el antónimo no era simplemente &amp;quot;decido&amp;quot;, siguiendo el patrón que se ve en otras palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando la palabra indeciso en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LM0Gq2Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indeciso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; y el lat. &lt;em&gt;decīsus&lt;/em&gt; 'decidido'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;adj&lt;/em&gt;. Dicho de una cosa: Sobre la cual no ha caído resolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;adj&lt;/em&gt;. Perplejo, irresoluto, que tiene dificultad para decidirse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el origen de la palabra se menciona &lt;em&gt;decisus&lt;/em&gt; en latin como precursora de &amp;quot;decidido&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, colocando con otro enfoque la pregunta en el título, ¿por qué evolucionó &lt;em&gt;decisus&lt;/em&gt; a &amp;quot;decidido&amp;quot; pero se conservó su forma original para formar el antónimo &amp;quot;indeciso&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T13:30:16.207" Title="¿Por qué el antónimo de &quot;indeciso&quot; es &quot;decidido&quot; en lugar de &quot;deciso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-27T20:51:06.687" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies if this has been asked before!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know French fairly well and pronouns are mandatory. However, in Spanish, pronouns are dropped quite often. Is there a rule of thumb for this? E.g. are pronouns only used for emphasis? Do they distinguish between formal and informal language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. When would I use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when would I use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18166" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T21:29:32.190" Title="When should I use pronouns?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-29T13:08:28.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23376" CreationDate="2017-11-27T21:29:32.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Subject pronouns are indeed used for emphasis so in your example you want to emphasise that it is you who eat. They are also used, especially in the third person, if otherwise it would be ambiguous whether it is he, she, or you formal who is the subject. Object pronouns are usally not dropped. If you are learning as a native speaker of English you would probably do better to drop when in doubt as using the subject pronoun unnecessarily will sound odd though everyone will understand you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T21:29:32.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23383" CreationDate="2017-11-27T21:55:46.070" Score="9" ViewCount="2096" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PxcFux4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Móvil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que puede moverse o se mueve por sí mismo. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tl21X5Z&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;portátil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Movible y fácil de transportar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PxNNmcd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;movible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que por sí puede moverse, o es capaz de recibir movimiento por ajeno impulso.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son, por tanto, tres adjetivos cuyo significado se solapa en gran medida.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se elige uno frente a otro? ¿Por qué se dice &lt;strong&gt;teléfono móvil&lt;/strong&gt; y no &lt;strong&gt;portátil&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;movible&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que para el ordenador se dice &lt;strong&gt;ordenador portátil&lt;/strong&gt; pero no &lt;strong&gt;móvil&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;movible&lt;/strong&gt;? Ahora que los teléfonos son cada vez más grandes y potentes, ya casi ordenadores, ¿cambiará la terminología?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: soy consciente que en muchos sitios se utiliza teléfono &lt;strong&gt;celular&lt;/strong&gt; en vez de &lt;strong&gt;móvil&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T11:58:51.793" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T21:57:20.080" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;teléfono móvil&quot; y no &quot;portátil&quot; o &quot;movible&quot;, pero para el ordenador se dice &quot;ordenador portátil&quot; pero no &quot;móvil&quot; o &quot;movible&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23378" CreationDate="2017-11-28T02:11:23.150" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hubiera querido hacer un comentario más que una respuesta, pero no me alcanzaban los caracteres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la decisión de utilizar determinada terminología técnica tiene que ver con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;las características o especificaciones del dispositivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuestiones comerciales (o sea, qué suena mejor para el consumidor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede observarse en la definición de &quot;portátil&quot;, se hace alusión a la capacidad de transporte, o sea, se asume que la cosa normalmente no era transportable. Recuerdo la vieja &quot;radio portátil&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;móvil&quot; parece contraponerse a &quot;fijo&quot;: &quot;teléfono móvil&quot; como opuesto de &quot;teléfono fijo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T02:11:23.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23382" CreationDate="2017-11-28T06:54:34.650" Score="2" ViewCount="1135" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Uno de ellas&quot; tiene más resultados en Google, pero hay bastante resultados para &quot;una de ellas&quot; tambien . ¿Es posible que ambos son correctos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T12:53:52.620" Title="¿Es más correcto decir &quot;uno de ellas&quot; o &quot;una de ellas?&quot;" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23380" CreationDate="2017-11-28T07:46:31.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hablar de ellas, te estás refiriendo a un conjunto de partes totalmente femeninas, con lo que uno de los individuos sería femenino y por tanto debes usar  &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión lo más correcto es decir &quot;una de ellas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14320" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T12:53:52.620" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T12:53:52.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23380" CreationDate="2017-11-28T08:13:42.303" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es &quot;una de ellas&quot;, debe coincidir el género de los dos elementos. En el DPD hay una entrada que trata la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5#38&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;concordancia&lt;/a&gt; y dice sobre esto en particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.8. Construcciones partitivas.&lt;/strong&gt; Las construcciones partitivas están formadas por un primer elemento, que ha de ser un cuantificador,&#xA;  y un segundo elemento, introducido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, que es,&#xA;  bien un sustantivo precedido de determinante, bien un pronombre; el&#xA;  primer elemento designa la parte, mientras que el segundo designa el&#xA;  todo: &lt;em&gt;una de las participantes, la mitad del público, muchos de&#xA;  nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Si ambos elementos tienen flexión de género, debe&#xA;  haber concordancia forzosa entre ellos: &lt;em&gt;«Rusa educada en Estados&#xA;  Unidos, Meir [...] fue una de las firmantes de la declaración de&#xA;  independencia de Israel»&lt;/em&gt; (GmnzBarlett Deuda [Esp. 2002]); &lt;em&gt;«Lidia&#xA;  Ariza [...] dijo que se considera una de las mejores actrices de este&#xA;  país»&lt;/em&gt; (Dedom [R. Dom.] 14.1.97); por tanto, cuando se utilizan&#xA;  cuantificadores con flexión de género (uno -na, muchos -chas, varios&#xA;  -rias, etc.), no es correcto usar el femenino en la designación de la parte y el masculino en la designación del todo, aunque con ello se&#xA;  pretenda señalar que la parte aludida pertenece a un colectivo mixto:&#xA;  ⊗&lt;em&gt;«Se escucharon las proposiciones de Míriam Orellana, [...] una de&#xA;  los académicos invitados»&lt;/em&gt; (Hoy [Chile] 7-13.12.83); ⊗&lt;em&gt;«Usted es una&#xA;  de los alumnos más brillantes de que goza la Facultad»&lt;/em&gt; (Bain Dolor&#xA;  [Col. 1993]); debió decirse, respectivamente, una de las académicas&#xA;  invitadas, una de las alumnas más brillantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos no es correcto decir &quot;uno de ellas&quot; pero tampoco &quot;una de ellos&quot; aunque el masculino se utilice para definir a un grupo mixto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T08:13:42.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23378" CreationDate="2017-11-28T10:26:57.093" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El caso es que, durante sus primeros años de vida (años 70 y principios de los 80), ambos términos estuvieron por así decirlo &quot;peleando&quot;, tal como puede verse en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tel%C3%A9fono%20m%C3%B3vil%2Ctel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til&amp;amp;year_start=1970&amp;amp;year_end=1990&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctel%C3%A9fono%20m%C3%B3vil%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estos resultados de Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mV9up.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mV9up.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es porque &quot;teléfono portátil&quot; ya se estaba usando desde principios del siglo XX para referirse a aparatos telefónicos que, si bien podían transportarse con relativa facilidad, seguían dependiendo del cable para hacer la llamada. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?biw=1600&amp;amp;bih=769&amp;amp;tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A1%2F1%2F1900%2Ccd_max%3A12%2F31%2F1980&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;ei=FzQdWsCHEcOtU4SluqAD&amp;amp;q=%22tel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til%22&amp;amp;oq=%22tel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...201490.204113.0.204425.6.5.1.0.0.0.135.377.4j1.5.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.GPGUMot83ng&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estos resultados de búsqueda&lt;/a&gt; hay muchos ejemplos de uso, pero cito solamente un par:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teléfono portátil para bomberos.&lt;/strong&gt;—El concejo del condado de Londres ha provisto al cuerpo de bomberos metropolitano, de un teléfono portátil que ciertamente constituye un progreso (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caras y caretas&lt;/em&gt;, 1903.&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(En efecto, la Camarera ha vuelto a aparecer, trayendo un teléfono portátil con cable y clavija de enchufe.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  INTÉRPRETE. — &lt;em&gt;(Cogiéndole el teléfono.)&lt;/em&gt; Please... &lt;em&gt;(Se agacha y mete la clavija del teléfono en un enchufe que hay debajo de la mesa.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Enrique Jardiel Poncela, 1965.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teléfono portátil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Standard Eléctrica ha lanzado un teléfono portátil que permite una clara conversación a distancias superiores a 30 kilómetros. Es un aparato autónomo, con tres pilas de linterna. Utiliza dos hilos, pero puede ir con uno y retornar por tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Economista: Revista Semanal Científica E Independiente&lt;/em&gt;, Volumen 80, Parte 2, 1968.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es normal por tanto que, al principio, se intentase usar el mismo término para los nuevos teléfonos &quot;sin hilos&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero era una terminología condenada al fracaso: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=mobile%20phone%2Cportable%20phone&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1970&amp;amp;year_end=1990&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cmobile%20phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bmobile%20phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMobile%20Phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMobile%20phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BMOBILE%20PHONE%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cportable%20phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bportable%20phone%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BPortable%20Phone%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el término &lt;em&gt;&quot;mobile phone&quot;&lt;/em&gt; fue siempre el más usado en inglés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GphjM.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GphjM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se comprende que al final, por influencia del inglés &lt;em&gt;&quot;mobile phone&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, en español haya prevalecido &quot;teléfono móvil&quot; por encima de &quot;teléfono portátil&quot; o &quot;teléfono movible&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También influye el hecho de que en los 80 empezó a usarse &quot;portátil&quot; para denominar a los novedosos ordenadores portátiles, por lo que habría resultado harto confuso llamar también &quot;portátil&quot; a los teléfonos móviles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, que revisando los resultados del primer enlace, puede verse que no eres el primero que se plantea esta cuestión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Móvil&lt;/em&gt; se dice de un teléfono que permite una comunicación a larga distancia entre personas sin que el aparato telefónico esté sujeto o tenga hilos imprescindibles, hasta hace relativamente poco, para establecer la conexión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal y como queda definido no se contempla en ninguna de las acepciones del diccionario de la Academia. Lo más similar se encuentra en la sexta acepción: &lt;em&gt;(Física) Cuerpo en movimiento&lt;/em&gt;. (Evidentemente el teléfono portátil, ese al que se denomina generalmente &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt;, es un cuerpo en movimiento, aunque más exacto sería escribir un cuerpo movido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Julio Bernárdez, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=81cKNi2SghcC&amp;amp;lpg=PT17&amp;amp;dq=%22tel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PT17#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22tel%C3%A9fono%20port%C3%A1til%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El deporte correctamente hablado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 1998.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T10:26:57.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23386" CreationDate="2017-11-28T11:36:53.613" Score="0" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble with the following sentences. Obviously I'm missing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me lo puedo creer - I cannot believe it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the sentence above I believe &quot;lo&quot; is an the indirect object &amp;amp; believe is the direct object. Why is the &quot;me&quot; used? Is it purely for emphasis? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pensar que me gustas - to think that I like you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the &quot;me&quot; not a &quot;yo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me ayudó bastante en el trabajo - He/she helped me a lot at work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I know that the &quot;me&quot; goes at the start of the sentence in this instance? Why is the &quot;el&quot; needed before the trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dio un consejo al niño - He gave advice to the child&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should the transalation above actually be, &quot;he gave some advice to the child&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T12:57:45.887" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T13:02:04.293" Title="sentence order and problems with articles" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23384" CreationDate="2017-11-28T12:32:49.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me lo puedo creer - I cannot believe it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I'm not sure about the indirect object, but you're probably right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;creerse algo&quot; means indeed the same as &quot;creer algo&quot; with emphasis. But it's extremely common and I've never heard or read &quot;No lo puedo creer&quot;. (I'm Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pensar que me gustas - to think that I like you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This verb is just used the other way around in Spanish; you don't like things, things &quot;like&quot; you. The subject is omitted, think about &quot;Ellos me gusta&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me ayudó bastante en el trabajo - He/she helped me a lot at work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject is omitted again, this is very common and I understand that can be a problem. Think about &quot;Ella me ayudó&quot;. About the article: I'm sorry, that's idiomatic; and it can refer to a certain job as well as &quot;at work&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dio un consejo al niño - He gave advice to the child&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I can agree with you, I don't think it can be exact because&#xA;&quot;consejo&quot; can be countable in Spanish :). Think &quot;he gave a piece of advice&quot;. It can also be used as in English, though (&quot;Dio consejo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18144" LastEditorUserId="18144" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T12:44:39.843" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T12:44:39.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23384" CreationDate="2017-11-28T13:02:04.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's begin with the &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; questions. &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; is the object pronoun corresponding to the first person singular (the subject pronoun is &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, of course). It works both as direct and indirect object (just like English &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me lo puedo creer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a typical use of &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; as object pronoun. Instead the verb &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; is used in its so-called &lt;strong&gt;pronominal&lt;/strong&gt; form. There are a lot of optional pronominal verbs in Spanish where you won't find much difference between the two forms, like for example &lt;em&gt;caer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;caerse&lt;/em&gt;. In this case, &lt;em&gt;No lo puedo creer&lt;/em&gt; is also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pensar que me gustas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use the verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; is a topic in itself. It just works like that. &lt;em&gt;Gustar&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean &quot;to like&quot;, it means &quot;to please&quot;. Basically what in English you would use as the subject you must place here in the object position and vice versa. There are not many verbs like these in Spanish. &lt;em&gt;Faltar&lt;/em&gt; is another (&lt;em&gt;me falta algo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I am missing something&quot;, lit. &quot;to me is lacking something&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;me ayudó bastante en el trabajo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are rules as to where the clitic pronouns go in the sentence. In general they go before the main conjugated verbs, as in this case, and after the infinitives and gerunds. This is another full topic in itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;trabajo&lt;/em&gt; because that's how things work in Spanish; definite articles are used much more often than in English. Note that in English you say &quot;at work&quot;, &quot;at home&quot;, &quot;at school&quot;, etc., but these are all fixed phrases or idioms. Even in English you'll say &quot;at the office&quot;, &quot;at the door&quot;, etc. In Spanish these fixed phrases where you can omit the article are just fewer. Also, &lt;em&gt;en el trabajo&lt;/em&gt; can both mean &quot;at work&quot; or &quot;with the work [I was doing]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dio un consejo al niño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most correct traslation of this would be &quot;S/he gave the child a piece of advice.&quot; Unlike &quot;advice&quot;, in Spanish &lt;em&gt;consejo&lt;/em&gt; is a countable noun, so you say &lt;em&gt;un consejo, dos consejos, tres consejos; el consejo, los consejos&lt;/em&gt;. For practical purposes, however, you can simply translate &lt;em&gt;consejo&lt;/em&gt; as uncountable, unless the example somehow emphasizes that it was only one specific piece of advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T13:02:04.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23375" CreationDate="2017-11-28T13:30:16.207" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decidido&lt;/em&gt; no proviene de &lt;em&gt;decīsus&lt;/em&gt;, sino que es el participio regular de &lt;em&gt;decidir&lt;/em&gt; derivado según las reglas actuales. La forma regular desplazó a la irregular como ocurrió en muchos otros verbos latinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;indeciso&lt;/em&gt;, es un adjetivo, no una forma verbal. No sé si hay muchos verbos primitivos que incorporen &lt;em&gt;in-&lt;/em&gt; como negación (&lt;em&gt;imposibilitar&lt;/em&gt; es una forma derivada). La falta de acción se traduce naturalmente con cópula + adjetivo, no como verbo activo. No es raro que &lt;em&gt;indeciso&lt;/em&gt; haya evolucionado por su cuenta, especialmente si ya existía como palabra reconocida antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano tenemos todavía &lt;em&gt;recluir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;prender&lt;/em&gt; con participios regularizados por analogía, &lt;em&gt;recluido&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;prendido&lt;/em&gt;, y los antiguos participios irregulares (del mismo patrón que el de &lt;em&gt;decidir&lt;/em&gt;) transformados en sustantivos, &lt;em&gt;recluso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;preso&lt;/em&gt; (este último también adjetivo). Estos términos tienen un uso bastante específico y una semántica clara: son pacientes (&lt;em&gt;recluso&lt;/em&gt; = quien está o fue recluido; &lt;em&gt;preso&lt;/em&gt; = quien fue prendido por la policía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé qué podría significar &lt;em&gt;*deciso&lt;/em&gt; si existiese, pero claramente no sería un paciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano medieval existía &lt;em&gt;defeso&lt;/em&gt; como participio de &lt;em&gt;defender&lt;/em&gt;. Hoy en día empleamos &lt;em&gt;defendido&lt;/em&gt; como participio y también para designar al que está siendo defendido en un juicio (por lo menos lo usan así los abogados cuando dicen &quot;mi defendido&quot;). Éste es claramente un paciente de acción y sin embargo la existencia con otros similares no bastó para preservar &lt;em&gt;defeso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T13:30:16.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23389" CreationDate="2017-11-28T16:41:55.473" Score="0" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming that &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; are correct, is the construction of &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; correct? Also are there better/simpler ways of conveying the same information? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) las cortinas en toda la casa son grises. (&lt;em&gt;in every room&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: &quot;The curtains throughout the house are gray&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) las cortinas en todas las casas son grises (&lt;em&gt;in at least one room of every house&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: &quot;The curtains in every house are gray&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) las cortinas en toda la casa en todas las casas son grises. (&lt;em&gt;in every room of every house&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intending to mean: &quot;The curtains throughout every house are gray&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T21:23:50.403" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T21:23:50.403" Title="Using &quot;toda&quot; properly" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23388" CreationDate="2017-11-28T17:56:16.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I would say each sentence, using &quot;toda&quot; everywhere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Las cortinas son grises en toda la casa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The&lt;/em&gt; curtains (all of them) are grey in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the house (i.e. every room).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Alternatively,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Todas las cortinas son grises en la casa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All&lt;/em&gt; the curtains are grey in the house (implying every room that actually has curtains).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Todas las casas tienen cortinas grises.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All&lt;/em&gt; the houses have grey curtains. By dropping &quot;the&quot;, you don't imply &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the curtains anymore, just some of them.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can be more explicit and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Todas las casas tienen alguna(s) cortina(s) gris(es).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All&lt;/em&gt; the houses have some grey curtain(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c) Todas las cortinas son grises en todas las casas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All&lt;/em&gt; the curtains are grey in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the houses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice, however, that c) doesn't logically follow from a) + b), because in a) you are referring to one house in particular, and you didn't say that all houses are the same. Just that all of them have some grey curtains.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T17:56:16.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22869" CreationDate="2017-11-28T22:50:58.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los dos verbos derivan de la misma raíz, &lt;em&gt;sumere&lt;/em&gt;, con dos prefijos diferentes, &lt;em&gt;ad-&lt;/em&gt; (asimilado regularmente a &lt;em&gt;as-&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;prae-&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sumere&lt;/em&gt; a su vez es una fusión de &lt;em&gt;sub-&lt;/em&gt; &quot;bajo&quot; y &lt;em&gt;emere&lt;/em&gt; &quot;tomar&quot; (&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YheNXpa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sumir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;hundir, sumergir&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presumir&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos sentidos: el de &quot;creer sin pruebas, presuponer&quot; y el de &quot;mostrarse orgulloso de algo&quot;. En latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=praesumo&amp;amp;la=la&amp;amp;can=praesumo0&amp;amp;prior=praesumenter#lexicon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;praesumere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ya tenía varios significados, entre ellos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tomar antes, tomar de antemano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anticiparse (a hacer algo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anticipar, prever&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar por sentado, creer, asumir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;confiar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último significado es más tardío que los primeros y se lo asocia a osadía o atrevimiento. No sería extraño que hubiera derivado por esa vía en el actual de &quot;mostrarse orgulloso, hacer ostentación&quot;. Cuando uno confía ciegamente en su propia apariencia, &lt;em&gt;presume&lt;/em&gt; de ella. Uno &lt;em&gt;presume&lt;/em&gt; (de) algo que supone verdadero e indiscutible. Al presumir, se anticipa a lo que dirán los demás, cuya opinión es posterior a la propia confianza. La misma idea está presente en la expresión &lt;em&gt;ser (un/a) creído/a&lt;/em&gt;, o también (al menos así decimos en Argentina) &lt;em&gt;creérsela&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;asumir&lt;/em&gt;, el prefijo &lt;em&gt;ad-&lt;/em&gt; tiene el sentido de &quot;atraer&quot;, que explica sus varios significados. Cuando un gobernante asume el poder, lo toma para sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No existe &lt;em&gt;*preasumir&lt;/em&gt;, pero bien podría construirse hoy en día para referirse, por ejemplo, a algún procedimiento legal anterior a la asunción del poder por parte de un gobernante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T22:50:58.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23228" CreationDate="2017-11-28T23:04:30.990" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay quien habla de su origen francés, en concreto en la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://porqueledicen.blogspot.com.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué a la gente “le da un patatús”?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) la palabra &lt;em&gt;patapouf&lt;/em&gt; (pronunciada por alguien que sepa francés) y la palabra patatús (pronunciada por cualquier hijo de vecina) suenan casi igual y significan cosas parecidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso más común dado en el francés a &lt;em&gt;patapouf&lt;/em&gt; es como adjetivo que describe a una persona típicamente del sexo masculno que es muy gordo, mafleta o regordete. Pero esta palabra es también usada como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;patatrás&lt;/em&gt;, vocablo también francés de origen onomatopéyico, que usa en el contexto de una caída aparatosa (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien luego enfrían la hipótesis y sugieren otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entonces, qué tan probable es que patatús sea un galicismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lo que a muchos de nosotros respecta, los franceses no tuvieron ninguna influencia en nuestra cultura hispana. Yo soy de los que lo único que saben decir en francés es “se la vi” y “Yo no compro pan”, pero  la realidad es que cuando uno se pone a ver, los franceses siempre tuvieron una influencia importante en Europa, incluidos los Españoles antes y durante su ocupación de Suramérica. En la edad media la influencia gala fue más en lo político, militar y cultural, y ya en los siglos XVII y XVIII todo lo francés, incluido el idioma,  se volvió sinónimo de prestigio y se puso de moda. Es posible que los españoles de la alta sociedad hayan usado patapouf al referirse a las caídas o desmayos y lo hayan puesto de moda, así como los Mayameros pusieron de moda tantos anglicismos en la época del ta’ barato dame dos, como por ejemplo: “pana”, que proviene fonéticamente “partner”: compañero, amigo, socio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra teoría mucho más plausible e interesante es la siguiente. Existe un ritual religioso antiguo, que data del siglo XVI -y quizás más atrás- el cual en Obejo Córdoba, España  se llama “patatú”. El Patatú de Obejo, es una danza con espadas, bastante elaborada y llena de simbolismos en donde se pedía al padre o patrono San Benito que trajera lluvia. En la actualidad, se mantiene la tradición en Obejo para dar comienzo a las romerías de San Benito Abad, pero en la antigüedad, en muchas partes de Europa y del mundo, se realizaban rituales muy similares y con el mismo motivo, usando también lanzas, palos o arcos (en lugar de espadas), y  con otros santos de protagonistas. Estas danzas de lanzas o espadas en honor a los santos, solían ocurrir el día de San Antón 17 de Enero, el de San Benito 11 de Julio, o el de San Juan 24 de Junio, pero también en cualquier otro momento del año en el que el agua estaba escasa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T23:04:30.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23396" CreationDate="2017-11-29T10:17:35.503" Score="8" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pregunta rápida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo una amiga gallega que de vez en cuando nos obsequia con quesos de tetilla de su tierra. Y me pregunto yo: ¿existe alguna palabra para decir &quot;con forma de teta&quot;, al igual que &quot;ovoidal&quot; u &quot;ovoide&quot; significan &quot;con forma de huevo de gallina&quot;? Si no, ¿se podría construir un neologismo usando algún afijo que signifique &quot;con forma de&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iV86Qm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iV86Qm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T14:36:16.680" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra en español para decir &quot;con forma de teta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23394" CreationDate="2017-11-29T10:26:40.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sufijo:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qx2UAfv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-oide&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-oīdes&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;-οειδής -oeidḗs&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;-οειδές -oeidés&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;-ο- -o-&lt;/em&gt;, vocal de unión, y &lt;em&gt;-ειδής -eidḗs&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-ειδές -eidés&lt;/em&gt; 'semejante a', de la raíz de &lt;em&gt;εἶδος eîdos&lt;/em&gt; 'forma'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. elem. compos. Significa 'parecido a', 'en forma de'. &lt;em&gt;Metaloide. Androide.&lt;/em&gt; Adopta también las formas -oideo, -oides. &lt;em&gt;Lipoideo, hialoideo. Cuboides, deltoides&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabra:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OZLRAwU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mastoides&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. cient. &lt;em&gt;mastoides&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;μαστοειδής mastoeidḗs&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;μαστός mastós&lt;/em&gt; 'mama' y &lt;em&gt;-ειδής -eidḗs&lt;/em&gt; 'semejante a'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Zool. &lt;strong&gt;De forma de mama.&lt;/strong&gt; Se dice de la apófisis del hueso temporal de los mamíferos, situada detrás y debajo de la oreja. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se utiliza exclusivamente (que yo sepa) para la apófisis del hueso temporal, por lo que usarla para otra cosa solo generaría confusión. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una alternativa a considerar sería&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O6U58CL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mamilar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. En forma de mamila.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O6OdVEY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mamila&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Anat. Parte principal de la teta o pecho de la hembra, exceptuando el pezón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-05T14:36:16.680" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T14:36:16.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23394" CreationDate="2017-11-29T10:35:48.577" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mira, una que acabo de encontrar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O6NmKbG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mamiforme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. De forma de mama (‖ órgano glanduloso).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que usa el sufijo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IFMwPcG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-forme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-formis&lt;/em&gt;, de la raíz de &lt;em&gt;forma&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'en forma de'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T10:35:48.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23399" CreationDate="2017-11-29T11:17:35.097" Score="5" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &quot;handedness&quot; significa la preferencia de uso de la mano izquierda o derecha. ¿Tenemos en español alguna palabra para referirnos a esto o tenemos que escribir &quot;preferencia de uso de la mano izquierda o derecha&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T11:46:42.387" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T13:56:43.850" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra en español para la palabra inglesa &quot;handedness&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23398" CreationDate="2017-11-29T11:26:35.177" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podemos usar la palabra &lt;em&gt;lateralidad&lt;/em&gt;. No es específica de las manos sino de la parte del cuerpo en general pero supongo que es lo más parecido al término &lt;em&gt;handedness&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=My9ZqOL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lateralidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;latéralité&lt;/em&gt;, der. de &lt;em&gt;latéral&lt;/em&gt; 'lateral'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Preferencia espontánea en el uso de los órganos situados al lado derecho o izquierdo del cuerpo, como los brazos, las piernas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T13:23:49.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-29T12:20:44.113" Score="1" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;Echemos un vistazo a las acepciones del verbo &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pebbaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;callar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. *&lt;em&gt;callāre&lt;/em&gt; 'callar', 'bajar', y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;χαλᾶν chalân&lt;/em&gt; 'hacer bajar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Omitir o no decir algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: No hablar, guardar silencio. &lt;em&gt;Calla como un muerto.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Cesar de hablar. &lt;em&gt;Cuando esto hubo dicho, calló.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Cesar de llorar, de gritar, de cantar, de tocar un instrumento musical, de meter bulla o ruido. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Abstenerse de manifestar lo que se siente o se sabe. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de ciertos animales: Cesar en sus voces; p. ej., dejar de cantar un pájaro, de ladrar un perro, de croar una rana, etc. U. t.&#xA;  c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho del mar, del viento, de un volcán, etc.: Dejar de hacer ruido. U. t. c. prnl. U. m. en leng. poét.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de un instrumento musical: Cesar de sonar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé a vosotros, pero a mí me da la sensación de que las acepciones 5 a 8 son redundantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La acepción 5 se puede incluir en la 1. Es cierto que la primera se refiere al verbo como transitivo, y la quinta como intransitivo. Pero debemos tener en cuenta que un verbo transitivo no necesita un complemento directo (CD) sino que lo admite, pero puede ir omitido: &lt;em&gt;Juan leyó y leyó hasta que se le cerraron los ojos de sueño.&lt;/em&gt; El verbo &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt; es transitivo en todas sus acepciones, pero aquí se omite el CD. De forma similar, la acepción 5 puede ser igual que la 1 cuando el CD se omite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La acepción 4 ya da la idea de &lt;em&gt;callar(se)&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;cesar de emitir(se) un sonido&quot;. Luego la acepción 6 (&quot;cesar de cantar un pájaro&quot;, &quot;dejar de ladrar un perro&quot;) se incluye en esta (de hecho se podría considerar también incluida en la acepción 3 si se consideran los sonidos animales como sus formas de hablar). Y lo mismo con la acepción 7 (&quot;dejar de emitir sonido un evento atmosférico&quot;) y la 8 (&quot;dejar de sonar un instrumento&quot;), que directamente están incluidas en la 4.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría centrarme en todo caso en este segundo punto. ¿Son las acepciones 6, 7 y 8 redundantes existiendo ya la 4? ¿O existe alguna diferencia entre ambas? ¿Existe algún motivo por el que existan las acepciones 6 a 8 de forma separada? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-13T21:39:08.583" LastActivityDate="2019-10-26T21:38:44.900" Title="¿Son redundantes las acepciones del verbo &quot;callar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23398" CreationDate="2017-11-29T13:56:43.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se puede decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dominancia lateral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.slideshare.net/adefesiosos/desarrollo-de-la-dominancia-lateral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.slideshare.net/adefesiosos/desarrollo-de-la-dominancia-lateral&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí esta frase me queda mejor en conversación que &lt;em&gt;lateralidad&lt;/em&gt;.  Un pariente cercano mío, por ejemplo, es un tanto ambidextro, y me explica a veces que tiene una u otra mano &lt;em&gt;dominante&lt;/em&gt; en tal o cual actividad.  Es un poco como los idiomas.  Prefiero usa el español para hablar de la química pero prefiero usar el inglés para la informática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T13:56:43.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-29T14:33:36.507" Score="9" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo me acostumbré a decir &lt;em&gt;cónyugue&lt;/em&gt; pero ahora &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogolengua.com/2010/11/conyuge-conyugue-conyugal.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;me entero que&lt;/a&gt; no es correcto, el vocablo correcto es &lt;em&gt;cónyuge&lt;/em&gt;.  Se oye raro a mi oído, y preferiría seguir diciendo &lt;em&gt;cónyugue&lt;/em&gt;.  Entonces mi pregunta es, si va a dar mala impresión, por ejemplo en este sitio, decir &lt;em&gt;cónyugue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T22:32:36.347" LastActivityDate="2020-02-08T15:33:10.330" Title="¿Es aceptable &quot;cónyugue&quot; en lugar de &quot;cónyuge&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23402" CreationDate="2017-11-29T14:58:22.047" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DPD incluye &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=c%C3%B3nyuge&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente entrada&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cónyuge&lt;/strong&gt;. ‘Consorte’. Es común en cuanto al género: &lt;em&gt;el/la cónyuge&lt;/em&gt;. Se pronuncia [kónyuje], no ⊗[kónyuge]; por tanto, no es correcta la grafía ⊗&lt;em&gt;cónyugue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, como ya he comentado yo mismo decía [kónyuge] al principio, antes de darme cuenta de que estaba metiendo una &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; donde no debería. Si yo viera que alguien escribe esa palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me sentiría identificado, dado que a mí me pasó lo mismo, y pensaría que la escribe así porque la ha oído pronunciada pero no escrita.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corregiría la palabra y explicaría que es un error común por la facilidad de pronunciación de &lt;em&gt;cónyugue&lt;/em&gt;, pero que en realidad la palabra no lleva esa &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; de más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, y precisamente porque es un error común, para nada me daría mala impresión. Es posible que el error hasta pase desapercibido por muchos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho es un error hasta con solera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adulterio es el engaño que se hace con un cónyugue ajeno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sebastián de Covarrubias, &quot;Suplemento al Tesoro de la lengua española castellana&quot;, c 1611 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también reciente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Muchas veces esto obedece a la muerte prematura de uno de los cónyugues o por separación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Judith E. Vivar Anaya, &quot;Algunos aspectos de la cultura huarayo. Estructura familiar&quot;, 1970 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, los casos en textos escritos son demasiado pocos (menos de una decena en el CORDE y otros tantos en el CREA) como para que la RAE lo tenga en cuenta para su diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, la solución al problema no es, digamos, &lt;em&gt;obligar&lt;/em&gt; a los demás a aceptar tu forma de escribir la palabra, sino que a base de usarla y pronunciarla correctamente se te acabe quitando esa sensación de extrañeza y pases a verla como lo correcto y normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-02-08T15:33:10.330" LastActivityDate="2020-02-08T15:33:10.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23424" CreationDate="2017-11-29T15:39:38.380" Score="5" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Game over&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;A guy opens a new TG edition and gets an &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23424/13628&quot;&gt;111-char shot&lt;/a&gt; and you think that of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/17803/psosuna&quot;&gt;psosuna&lt;/a&gt;? No. He is the one who wins!&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is one of the most famous monologues in recent television history: Walter White's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMEq1mGpP5A&amp;amp;t=52s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;I am the one who knocks&quot;&lt;/a&gt; from TV series &lt;em&gt;Breaking Bad&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Who are you talking to right now? Who is it you think you see? Do you know how much I make a year? I mean, even if I told you, you wouldn't believe it. Do you know what would happen if I suddenly decided to stop going into work? A business big enough that it could be listed on the NASDAQ goes belly up. Disappears! It ceases to exist without me. No, you clearly don't know who you're talking to, so let me clue you in. I am not in danger, Skyler. I am the danger! A guy opens his door and gets shot and you think that of me? No. I am the one who knocks!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(416 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, non-golfed translation, I will use the official Spanish dubbing (even though it is actually shorter than the original):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¿Con quién estás hablando ahora? ¿A quién te crees que tienes delante? ¿Sabes cuánto gano al año? Si te lo dijera no te lo creerías. ¿Sabes lo que pasaría si decidiera dejar de ir a trabajar? Un negocio tan grande como para estar en el NASDAQ se hundiría. ¡Desaparecería! Dejaría de existir sin mí. No, está claro que no sabes quién soy. Te diré algo. Yo no estoy en peligro, Skyler. ¡Yo soy el peligro! Un tío abre la puerta y dispara, ¿crees que sería a mí? No. ¡Yo soy el tío que llama!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(370 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T15:39:38.980" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:39:38.980" Title="Translation Golf XXVII - I am the one who knocks" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-29T16:01:35.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23622" CreationDate="2017-11-29T18:29:51.263" Score="4" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/masacre-de-las-bananeras-historiadora-le-contesta-a-maria-fernanda-cabal/548923&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;noticia&lt;/a&gt; se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La representante a la Cámara se queda también con la versión oficial, publicada en El Tiempo el 6 de diciembre de 1928, según la cual los huelguistas abandonaron la vía pacífica y optaron por vías de hecho, “forzando” al ejército a intervenir. &lt;strong&gt;Ignora&lt;/strong&gt;, de nuevo, la congresista Cabal, que el mismo Jefe Civil y militar de la Provincia de Santa Marta, el General Carlos Cortés Vargas, enviado por el presidente Miguel Abadía a lidiar con el conflicto, señalaba apenas un día antes de la masacre que “la organización de los huelguistas era sorprendente” y “aunque armados de machetes ni huyen ni atacan, pero rodean las tropas con la esperanza de que los oficiales simpaticen con ellos”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poco de contexto: La mencionada congresista Cabal hace unas declaraciones polémicas al negar hechos históricos que están documentados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta surge al leer la palabra &amp;quot;Ignora&amp;quot; que he resaltado en el texto. Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KwHqFub&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ignorar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;ignorāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. No saber algo o no tener noticia de ello. Ignoro quién pudo haberlo hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. No hacer caso de algo o de alguien, o tratarlos como si no merecieran atención. Me duele que me ignore. Ignora sus comentarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto, el texto tiene dos interpretaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La congresista no sabe que el general Cortés ha dicho algo específico (“la organización de los huelguistas era sorprendente”)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La congresista sabe del hecho pero intencionalmente lo ignora porque va en contravía de sus declaraciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un poco más de contexto: la congresista ha hecho en el pasado declaraciones ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pulzo.com/nacion/maria-fernanda-cabal-dice-union-sovietica-es-onu/PP294817&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Video] María Fernanda Cabal dice que la Unión Soviética hace parte de la ONU&lt;/a&gt; ) que hacen más dificil determinar si el sentido del texto es decir que ella no sabe algo o que intencionalmente lo ignora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una manera en español de eliminar esa ambigüedad en el significado de &amp;quot;ignorar&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pensé que &amp;quot;desconocer&amp;quot; sería una alternativa para cuando se quiere usar solamente el primer significado (el de no saber algo). Sin embargo veo en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ci8Sd5K&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desconocer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. No conocer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Darse por desentendido de algo, o afectar que se ignora.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que también tiene las dos connotaciones que &amp;quot;ignorar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T08:12:20.907" Title="¿Cómo usar el verbo &quot;ignorar&quot; sin ser ambiguo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23329" CreationDate="2017-11-29T19:05:24.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no se entiende por si sola la frase de &amp;quot;tengo que ir&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;tengo que ir al baño&amp;quot;. En este caso, es utilizada como una abreviación de la oración de algo que ya se sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tu, que ya sabes que va a ir al baño por que leíste la sinopsis de la serie o por que ya la viste y sabes a lo que se refiere con &amp;quot;tengo que ir&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- ¿Vas a hacer el examen en la escuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- No me gustaría hacerlo, pero tengo que (ir a la escuela).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- ¿Vas a manejar hasta Guadalajara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Si, no quiero pero tengo que (manejar hasta Guadalajara).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T03:02:56.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2017-11-29T20:24:53.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I live we refer to our mom with ma' (from mamá) or jefa. With dads you can say pa' or jefe. Also , where I'm from, we do call our moms mamacita and our dads (papacito) but its usually when you want something back.&#xA;For example:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;You're in a store with your mom and you see something that you want this is how that conversation would go&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&quot;Mamacita bonita, could you buy me this, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18205" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T20:24:53.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16365" CreationDate="2017-11-29T22:13:50.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agrego mi propia especulación a la respuesta aceptada orientándola al porqué precisamente &amp;quot;punto pelota&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien podría ser un caso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.retoricas.com/2009/06/5-ejemplos-de-aliteracion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aliteración&lt;/a&gt;. Como se explica en esta página:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Aliteración es una figura retórica que consiste en la repetición de sonidos presentes en palabras contiguas o próximas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Aliteración tiene la virtud de captar la atención y provocar un efecto de musicalidad y sonoridad... Es también una poderosa herramienta para recordar palabras y frases por lo que es muy usada en oratoria y publicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego se mencionan varios ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;ajo e&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; a&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;a a&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;e&lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;e del le&lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;e a&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;anico → repetición de los sonidos [l] y [b]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;strong&gt;ruido&lt;/strong&gt;sos &lt;strong&gt;ron&lt;/strong&gt;quido&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt;tumbaban sin parar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;ona&lt;strong&gt;ban&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;suave&lt;/strong&gt;mente &lt;strong&gt;sus&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;sabias&lt;/strong&gt; palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta manera, estando en un contexto deportivo, pelota no es una palabra inusual. Y por empezar con &amp;quot;p&amp;quot; podría agregarle sonoridad a la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T22:13:50.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-30T06:19:06.600" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;He observado en Estados Unidos que algunos latinos agregan una &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; a los verbos indicativos del pretérito en segunda persona: &lt;em&gt;¿Cúanto pagastes? ¿A dónde fuistes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué ajuste lingüístico provoca tal forma? ¿Dónde se ha normalizado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T02:39:18.953" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:39:18.953" Title="¿Conjugastes los verbos así?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-11-30T16:15:05.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21792" CreationDate="2017-11-30T06:39:37.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tomando como referencia, la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19762/14481&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt; de Pablo Baeza, considero que lo opuesto de lujuría sería Templanza en su cuarta acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZQm69KL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Templanza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;temperantia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Moderación, sobriedad y continencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Benignidad del aire o clima de un país.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Pint.&lt;/em&gt; Armonía y buena disposición de los colores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Rel&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Una de las cuatro virtudes cardinales, que consiste en moderar los apetitos y el uso excesivo de los sentidos, sujetándolos a&#xA;  la razón.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. temple (‖ punto de dureza o elasticidad).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual forma, la templanza bajo el punto de vista del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templanza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cristianismo&lt;/a&gt; indica que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«la templanza es la virtud moral que modera la atracción de los placeres y procura el equilibrio en el uso de los bienes creados. Asegura el dominio de la voluntad sobre los instintos y mantiene los deseos en los límites de la honestidad. La persona moderada orienta hacia el bien sus apetitos sensibles, guarda una sana discreción y no se deja arrastrar para seguir la pasión de su corazón»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo vemos desde un punto de vista &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.acfilosofia.org/materialesmn/filosofia-y-ciudadania-3013/filosofia-moral-y-politica-democracia-ciudadania/640-las-virtudes-cardinales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filosófico&lt;/a&gt;, según Platón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La templanza es la virtud que modera las pasiones concupiscibles, principalmente las del tacto. En cuanto justo medio entre dos extremos no sólo se opone a intemperancia sino a insensibilidad. Su importancia reside en el hecho de que las virtudes forman en el  “êthos” un todo coherente, influyendo unas sobre otras. Por eso mi “deseo destemplado” disminuye seguramente el “sentido de la realdad” que es la prudencia, implica evidentemente una falta de fortaleza y conculca fácilmente la justicia. Ejemplo típico: el adulterio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considero que en escencia, ambos puntos de vista se refieren a lo mismo, detonando una moderación del instintos carnales y llevando a un estado de continencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="14481" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T06:51:10.690" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T06:51:10.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23404" CreationDate="2017-11-30T08:02:41.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;336 206&lt;/s&gt; 201 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creerías quién soy y cuánto gano. Sin mi, un negocio que podría&#xA;estar en NASDAQ al garete. No sabes con quién hablas, Skyler. No estoy&#xA;en peligro ¡Yo soy el peligro! ¿Crees que soy el tipo que abre su&#xA;puerta y recibe un balazo? No. ¡Soy el que llama a la puerta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T10:58:18.917" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-30T08:02:41.170" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23404" CreationDate="2017-11-30T08:26:35.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;208&lt;/strike&gt; 132 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabes con quién &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HR9V1Ah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fablas&lt;/a&gt;? ¿Cuánto gano? Ni lo atisbas. Sin mí, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0wvHFOy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;afer&lt;/a&gt; tamaño &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBEX_35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IBEX 35&lt;/a&gt; sería &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IbIVmGC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fumo&lt;/a&gt;. Una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbgS1p9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seña&lt;/a&gt;: no corro peligro, Skyler, si uno abre su &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bDvyQXy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uzo&lt;/a&gt; y le &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4t2Llvr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;balean&lt;/a&gt;, ¡yo hago &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YqvDmDI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ta-ta&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demasiadas explicaciones, ¡esto es la guerra!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T12:25:43.707" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T12:25:43.707" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-30T08:26:35.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21792" CreationDate="2017-11-30T11:40:10.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si de sentimientos se quiere hablar, yo creo que va mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pudor&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sentimiento que lleva a ocultar lo que no se quiere que se vea,&#xA;  especialmente en materias sexuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Ejemplo: Siete de cada diez guipuzcoanos aquejados de disfunción eréctil siguen sin acudir a la consulta médica por pudor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13629" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T11:40:10.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23415" CreationDate="2017-11-30T11:46:35.790" Score="4" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to write a cooking recipe as homework (should point out I have a tutor who is trying to help me learn Spanish purely for my own development so not a school kid trying to cheat his teacher :-) sadly those days are many years ago) so that I learn to use commands in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have the below, (the instructions are to make a duck lasagna fyi):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ten que precalentar el horno a ciento ochenta grados centígrados&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;consigue una bandeja luego ponga un pato en bandeja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;frota aceite, pimienta negra y sal sobre el pato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cocina por dos horas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now these may well be wrong. My question though is on the next line I am trying to write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to say something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Leave to cool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;remove all the skin and fat &lt;sub&gt;(Retira toda la piel y la grasa)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;leave to cool&quot; I'm unsure of how to write it. The two suggestions are from Google Translate which I try not to use as I'm aware it is not always correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think &lt;em&gt;Deje&lt;/em&gt; should actually be Deja (as we are giving an order). I don't understand why &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is used here? Also would we use the infinitive of &lt;em&gt;enfríe&lt;/em&gt;? If not, why? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deje que el pato se enfríe&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Deje que se enfríe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T09:11:14.403" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T09:11:14.403" Title="How can I translate &quot;Leave to cool&quot; for a recipe? Should it be &quot;Deje &quot; or &quot;Deja que se enfríe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23414" CreationDate="2017-11-30T12:03:54.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem is not with verb tenses, rather with which person you are addressing the reader, tú or usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deja (tú) que el pato se enfríe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deje (usted) que el pato se enfríe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are imperative, just different persons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have inconsistencies in the previous steps too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consiga = usted &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frota = tú &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cocine = usted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retira = tú&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T03:40:42.533" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T03:40:42.533" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23414" CreationDate="2017-11-30T12:46:53.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The old Spanish recipe book on my kitchen shelf (so old it is priced in pesetas) has all the instructions written using the infinitive. So it would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Precalentar el horno a 80 grados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Poner un pato en una bandeja&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Frotar aceite ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T12:46:53.963" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21792" CreationDate="2017-11-30T14:34:41.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que incluso usando las definiciones de hoy en día del DLE se podría decir que &amp;quot;castidad&amp;quot; si es lo opuesto a &amp;quot;lujuria&amp;quot;. Veamos la otra acepción de castidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7qyewB6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;castidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;castĭtas&lt;/em&gt;, -&lt;em&gt;ātis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Cualidad de casto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Virtud de quien se abstiene de todo goce carnal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos, la primera acepción menciona la palabra &amp;quot;casto&amp;quot;. Veamos su definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7rOnAo2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;casto, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del &lt;em&gt;lat. castus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que se abstiene de todo goce sexual, o se atiene a lo que se considera como lícito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que no posee en sí sensualidad. Casto amor, deleite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la segunda acepción vemos que casto es quién &amp;quot;no posee en sí sensualidad&amp;quot;. Y para sensualidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xaa3Sc6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sensualidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;sensualĭtas&lt;/em&gt;, -&lt;em&gt;ātis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Cualidad de sensual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Propensión excesiva a los placeres de los sentidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto pienso que se podría reformular una definición de castidad y decir que se aplica a aquella persona que no posee en sí una inclinación excesiva al placer. O sea, no solamente abstenerse deliberadamente del deseo también el hecho de sentir muy poco deseo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T14:34:41.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23418" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23421" CreationDate="2017-11-30T15:51:32.690" Score="3" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does another word in Spanish for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilateration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trilateration&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; exist? RAE does not register the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Trilateración&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. What is the real translation to in Spanish for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Trilateration&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In geometry, &lt;strong&gt;trilateration&lt;/strong&gt; is the process of determining absolute or relative locations of points by measurement of distances, using the geometry of circles, spheres or triangles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18223" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T02:33:48.250" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T02:33:48.250" Title="Trilateration in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23418" CreationDate="2017-11-30T16:01:25.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE is not a perfect repository of all the words in the Spanish, it will mostly fail in recent terms or the ones in the scientific area as they are mostly proper names than actual terms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trilateración should be a correct translation until a better word is chosen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T16:01:25.120" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23422" CreationDate="2017-11-30T16:58:08.033" Score="2" ViewCount="2482" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am I using &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;quiénes&lt;/em&gt; properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I think that there is &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt; here, I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quién está aquí?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I think that there are &lt;strong&gt;people&lt;/strong&gt; here but do not know how many, I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quién está aquí?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I think that there are &lt;strong&gt;five people&lt;/strong&gt; here, I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quiénes están aquí?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am having a conversation with a friend and is expecting a &lt;strong&gt;singular answer&lt;/strong&gt;, I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quién come cebolla?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am having a conversation with a friend and is expecting a &lt;strong&gt;plural answer&lt;/strong&gt;, I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quiénes comen cebolla?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am having a conversation with a friend and do not know if the answer would be &lt;strong&gt;singular or plural&lt;/strong&gt;, I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quién come cebolla?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am having a conversation with a friend and asked a &lt;strong&gt;rhetorical question&lt;/strong&gt;, I would say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quién come cebolla?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T20:46:33.330" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T03:48:38.670" Title="Using &quot;quién&quot; and &quot;quiénes&quot; properly" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23418" CreationDate="2017-11-30T17:16:49.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Trilateración&lt;/code&gt; debería ser el término correcto, aunque no aparezca en el diccionario de la RAE. Una simpe búsqueda en Google revela que el término es usado en diversos documentos, manuales o ensayos relacionados con geometría, topografía y geofísica. Sirven de ejemplo los siguientes enlaces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mailxmail.com/curso-introduccion-gps/como-funciona-gps-trilateracion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Introducción al GPS Capítulo 3: Cómo funciona el GPS (&lt;strong&gt;trilateración&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youbioit.com/es/article/15626/que-es-la-trilateracion-satelital&amp;amp;size=_original&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Qué es la trilateración satelital&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://html.rincondelvago.com/trilateracion-topografica.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trilateración topográfica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ocw.upm.es/ingenieria-cartografica-geodesica-y-fotogrametria/topografia-ii/contenidos/Mis_documentos/Tema-9-Triangulacion-y-Trilateracion/Teoria_Triang_Tema_9.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Triangulación y Trilateración&lt;/a&gt; (ingeniería cartográfica geodésica y fotogrametría)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=13&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiw5IP94ubXAhWpYd8KHVnOCisQFghpMAw&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fcatedras.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar%2Fgeofisica%2Freferenciacion-en-geofisica%2Fteoria%2Finstrumental-y-tecnicas-topograficas%2Ftrilateracion&amp;amp;usg=AOvVaw1g84lTdODsrZuW6VgS9BG7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trilateración&lt;/a&gt; (Facultade de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;triangulación&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (que sí &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=abXseap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;está en el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;) no recoge por completo el significado de la &quot;trilateración&quot; (el primer método usa los triángulos, mientras que la trilateración usa también círculos y esferas). La trilateración es un tipo de triangulación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece razonable pensar que la comunidad científica de habla hispana entiende y usa sin ningún problema el termino &lt;code&gt;trilateración&lt;/code&gt; como traducción directa de &lt;code&gt;Trilateration&lt;/code&gt;. El verbo asociado al uso de esta técnica sería entonces &lt;code&gt;trilaterar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T20:26:54.413" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T20:26:54.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23420" CreationDate="2017-11-30T21:06:21.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not wrong in your examples. However, you are being too cautious. &lt;em&gt;Quién&lt;/em&gt; is generic, meaning it's OK whether you think the answer can be singular or plural, &lt;strong&gt;unless&lt;/strong&gt; you already are talking about several people. For example, this is one case when you should use &lt;em&gt;quiénes&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Esta noche vienen a cenar algunos amigos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿Quiénes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in this case there are people that would use singular &lt;em&gt;¿quién?&lt;/em&gt;. If you're in a group and you're all having dinner, for example, you might ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Quién quiere postre?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even though it's quite likely that &lt;strong&gt;several&lt;/strong&gt; in the group will want to have dessert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, &lt;em&gt;quiénes&lt;/em&gt; is generic if you don't have any reason to suppose that the answer will be singular, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Quiénes vendrán esta noche a cenar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Sólo mi amigo Juan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As before, you cannot use &lt;em&gt;quiénes&lt;/em&gt; if you've just established the conversation is about only one person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Hay una persona esperándote en la sala.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—¿Quién?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there are a few occasions when you should choose one or the other, but for the most part &lt;em&gt;quién&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;quiénes&lt;/em&gt; are both OK, with each one providing a hint as to what you think the answer will be, but not changing the basic meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T03:48:38.670" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T03:48:38.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-30T21:54:15.120" Score="1" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tell me if you want me to post this at ELU -- but please don't downvote me into oblivion.  I'm happy to delete here and repost there if need be.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I could explain to English speakers how to pronounce the pure E of Spanish as in &lt;em&gt;meta&lt;/em&gt; by referencing the Canadian &quot;eh,&quot; but it turns out that doesn't work because apparently the Canadian &quot;eh&quot; is a diphthong.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/363302/112436&quot;&gt;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/363302/112436&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do others explain this in writing?  (If I'm explaining live, I can just demonstrate, obviously.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T13:44:04.513" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T13:59:52.120" Title="How to explain to English speakers how to pronounce a pure Spanish E as in *meta*" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23404" CreationDate="2017-11-30T23:47:24.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;167&lt;/s&gt; &lt;s&gt;141 &lt;/s&gt;111 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabes de mí ni mi salario. Sin mí, un negocio mayor se hunde. ¿Yo, en peligro? Skyler, ¡yo lo soy! No abro la puerta y recibo balas, ¡soy quien llama!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gran parte de no creer es no saber. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un negocio tamaño NASDAQ es enorme. Uso el término mayor para denotar de los más enormes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creo se puede simplificar aún más. Seguiré buscando. Trataré de no usar palabras antiguas, para no crear copias totales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edits previos:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creerías quien soy y cuanto gano. Sin mí, un negocio tamaño NASDAQ&#xA;  se inunda. No estoy en peligro, Skyler, ¡yo lo soy! No soy a quien le&#xA;  disparan al abrir la puerta, ¡soy quien llama!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Sabes quien soy y cuanto gano? No lo creerías. ¿Y si renunciara? Un&#xA;  negocio tamaño NASDAQ al bote. ¡Fín! Acaba sin mí. Te diré: No&#xA;  estoy en peligro, Skyler, ¡yo lo soy! No soy quien abre la puerta y es&#xA;  disparado, ¡yo la llamo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorUserId="17803" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T19:14:47.180" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T19:14:47.180" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-30T23:47:24.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1435" CreationDate="2017-12-01T03:36:58.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer will be localized for Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a cultural thing.  Campesinos in Mexico use it.  They learned to speak that way from the people around them when they are growing up.  If they come into a lot of contact with people from a more urban setting, they may become aware of the difference, but they generally hold onto it, as a way of holding onto their cultural identity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a young person from the countryside goes to university and learns to write with correct spelling and grammar, s/he will obviously learn not to write &quot;hablastes.&quot;  But there is nothing wrong with continuing the tradition, and asserting one's cultural identity as a person who was born and raised in the countryside, by continuing to use &quot;hablastes&quot; in casual conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are snobs who will look down on campesinos for the way they talk, and for plenty of other things.  But we don't all have to be Susanitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T03:36:58.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23423" CreationDate="2017-12-01T04:44:56.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several words in the English language that sound &quot;LIKE&quot; the E in the Spanish language: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;phemeral, end&lt;strong&gt;ea&lt;/strong&gt;vor, &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;nergy, &lt;strong&gt;E&lt;/strong&gt;verest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's generally the sound of the vowel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to explain this is by using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enchantedlearning.com/themes/letters/shorte.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;short &quot;e&quot;&lt;/a&gt; sound&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;The words are leg, ten, hen, web, lemon, pen, vest, nest, jet, net. Or go to the answers. Circle Words that have a Short 'E' Sound. Circle 10 words that have a short E sound. The words are ten, pen, jet, web, nest, net, pencil, envelope, leg, vest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T14:32:33.523" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T14:32:33.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-01T12:57:53.010" Score="2" ViewCount="950" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Hombre&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en español se refiere a cualquier persona (hombre y mujer) y también, en ocasiones, a una persona de género exclusivamente masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés es igual: la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;man&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; puede referirse a hombre o mujer (&lt;em&gt;man, person, human, individual, human being, fellow&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;gente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es el múltiple de &quot;hombre&quot; (cuando se refiere a persona de cualquier género). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usualmente las palabras singulares y plurales tienen la misma raíz, pero esto no sucede con las palabras &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hombre&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; / &quot;&lt;strong&gt;gente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo se repite en otros idiomas, como el ruso, donde es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Человек - hombre (en el sentido de cualquier persona, sin importar el género)&#xA;Люди - gente&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual: son raíces totalmente distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18242" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T03:30:34.107" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:30:34.107" Title="¿Por qué las palabras &quot;hombre&quot; y &quot;gente&quot; tienen diferente raíz?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;nombres-colectivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23428" CreationDate="2017-12-01T13:37:59.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt; en castellano, igual que &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, son genéricas, pero en los últimos tiempos se prefiere usar palabras realmente neutras, como en castellano &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo plural es regular, &lt;em&gt;personas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;gente&lt;/em&gt; no es un plural irregular de &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt;. Es un sustantivo singular colectivo que significa &quot;grupo de personas&quot;. Proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gens#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gēns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;clan, tribu&quot; o también &quot;familia&quot;. En castellano podríamos decir siempre &lt;em&gt;personas&lt;/em&gt; pero muchas veces preferimos decir &lt;em&gt;gente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no sólo ocurre con personas sino también con animales donde los machos y las hembras son considerados muy diferentes (por su forma, su conducta o su uso). Existen las palabras &lt;em&gt;toro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;vaca&lt;/em&gt; pero no hay un plural que las una; para hablar de un grupo de toros y vacas decimos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IpmVKGf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ganado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (o especificamos: &lt;em&gt;ganado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=60KVyKV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bovino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que ocurre lo mismo en otros idiomas por las mismas razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T13:37:59.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23432" CreationDate="2017-12-01T13:56:56.700" Score="1" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;There has recently been some controversy and amusement in the UK about a notice which appeared at a beauty spot asking people not to drop litter. Apparently after the location was used in a Bollywood film they added a Hindi version of the text to the English, Spanish and Polish. The Hindi apparently contained an error. I cannot find a public domain picture of the notice but this item from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dorsetecho.co.uk/news/15674868.That_s_nonsense_____Embarrassing____translation_error_on_Durdle_Door_litter_signs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dorset Echo&lt;/a&gt; has an image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question concerns the Spanish version which reads &lt;em&gt;No deje basura en la playa&lt;/em&gt;. For some reason I assumed it would say &lt;em&gt;No dejar basura en la playa&lt;/em&gt; which to my non-native ears sounded more natural. I believe they are both right so my question is whether there is a difference in stylistic terms between them so one might be preferred in some circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T14:42:46.963" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:25:09.010" Title="Syntax of public notices containing a command" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23431" CreationDate="2017-12-01T14:59:46.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even if both of the following two negative sentences are correct, the imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No deje basura en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the infinitival:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No dejar basura en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the imperative sounds more natural as well as more personal, as it addresses any potential infringers more directly. With the infinitive, “Prohibido” sounds much better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prohibido dejar basura en la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, “dejar” would not be the usual verb with &quot;litter&quot; and “arrojar” might be preferred:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No arroje basura en la playa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prohibido arrojar basura en la playa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think “No” + infinitive will be more widely accepted with intransitive verbs or with transitive verbs followed by a short object, in notices that need to be kept brief, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No fumar. (Also: Prohibido fumar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No pisar el césped. (Also: No pise el césped)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T02:09:11.537" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:09:11.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23431" CreationDate="2017-12-01T16:06:12.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;deje&lt;/strong&gt; basura en la playa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;dejar&lt;/strong&gt; basura en la playa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of them work perfectly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that the former shows more politeness, whereas the latter sounds a bit rough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T16:06:12.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23434" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-01T21:38:33.057" Score="2" ViewCount="18938" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos resultados en Google para ambas búsquedas. No sé cual es correcto: la o lo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T20:18:39.583" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T21:46:27.077" Title="¿Es más correcto decir &quot;Nos lo pasamos muy bien&quot; o &quot;Nos la pasamos muy bien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23438" CreationDate="2017-12-01T22:02:59.583" Score="1" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following sentences seem to contradict what I have learned thus far about  &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onetoonespanish.co.uk/blog/the-difference-between-que-and-cual-in-spanish.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Taken from - onetoonespanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es más caro, la carne o el pescado? &lt;sub&gt;What's more expensive, meat or fish? &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read that &lt;em&gt;cuál  followed by ser ask for a definition&lt;/em&gt;, so to me this is like asking to &lt;strong&gt;define&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;&lt;em&gt;más caro, la carne o el pescado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; rather than expecting a choice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrFcKURo67s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source - Butterfly spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál vestido quieres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read that &lt;em&gt;cuál is never followed by a noun&lt;/em&gt;, hence you may have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es tu película favorita?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué película te gusta más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál vestido quieres?&lt;/strong&gt; seems ok as it is a specific form of the more general &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué vestido quieres?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onetoonespanish.co.uk/blog/the-difference-between-que-and-cual-in-spanish.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source - onetoonespanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué prefieres, la carne o el pescado? &lt;sub&gt;What do you prefer; meat or fish?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't this asking for a &lt;strong&gt;selection&lt;/strong&gt; between &lt;strong&gt;la carne&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;el pescado&lt;/strong&gt; so why qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="18152" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T02:58:10.003" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:58:10.003" Title="Forming questions with &quot;qué&quot; and &quot;cuál&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23431" CreationDate="2017-12-01T23:05:59.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The website of the RAE has an interesting article on this, since it is a common point of debate: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/infinitivo-por-imperativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Infinitivo por imperativo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It starts by pointing out that imperative must be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se da una orden a una segunda persona (del singular o del plural), deben usarse las formas propias del imperativo, si la oración es afirmativa, o las formas correspondientes del subjuntivo, si la oración es negativa, va introducida por la conjunción que o se dirige a un interlocutor al que se trata de usted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it follows by highlighting that things like &lt;em&gt;Poneros el pijama&lt;/em&gt; are wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se considera correcto, en el habla esmerada, el uso del infinitivo en lugar del imperativo para dirigir una orden a una segunda persona del plural, como se hace a menudo en el habla coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(even though &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22957/1674&quot;&gt;now &lt;em&gt;iros&lt;/em&gt; is also accepted for &lt;em&gt;idos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it then specifices when it is correct to use the infinitive as an imperative: when it is preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo es válido el empleo del infinitivo con valor de imperativo dirigido a una segunda persona del singular o del plural cuando aparece precedido de la preposición a, uso propio de la lengua oral coloquial: ¡Tú, a callar!; Niños, a domir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key point, though, is the last, long paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No debe confundirse el empleo desaconsejable del infinitivo en lugar del imperativo de segunda persona del plural con la aparición del infinitivo con valor exhortativo en indicaciones, advertencias, recomendaciones o avisos dirigidos a un interlocutor colectivo e indeterminado, habituales en las instrucciones de uso de los aparatos, las etiquetas de los productos o los carteles que dan indicaciones, hacen recomendaciones de tipo cívico o prohíben determinadas acciones en lugares públicos: &lt;em&gt;Consumir a temperatura ambiente; Depositar la basura en las papeleras; No fumar; Lavar a mano&lt;/em&gt;. Se trata, en estos casos, de estructuras impersonales en las que no se da una orden directa, sino que se pone de manifiesto una recomendación, una obligación o una prohibición de carácter general, en las que hay que sobrentender fórmulas del tipo &lt;em&gt;Se debe consumir... / Es preciso consumirlo... / Hay que consumirlo... / Se recomienda consumirlo...; Debe depositarse la basura en las papeleras / Hay que depositar la basura a las papeleras; No se puede fumar / No se permite fumar; Debe lavarse a mano / Se recomienda lavarlo a mano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, the infinitive is accepted to work as a generic exhortation to an undefined audience, like the one in your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question concerns the Spanish version which reads &lt;em&gt;No deje basura en la playa&lt;/em&gt;. For some reason I assumed it would say &lt;em&gt;No dejar basura en la playa&lt;/em&gt; which to my non-native ears sounded more natural. I believe they are both right so my question is whether there is a difference in stylistic terms between them so one might be preferred in some circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are right. However, also to me &lt;em&gt;No dejar&lt;/em&gt; sounds more natural and it is very rare to see &lt;em&gt;No deje&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T02:25:09.010" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:25:09.010" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-02T00:52:12.057" Score="1" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los sibilantes laminales y apicales en español: ¿Dónde puedo conseguir algunas buenas grabaciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been a student of Spanish for some time now and recently I've been trying to take my listening, speaking, and pronunciation skills to another level.  I try to listen to a variety of Spanish dialects and in the course of my exploration of this language came across something that discussed the laminal sibilant or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminal_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;laminal consonant&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the apical sibilant or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apical_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apical consonant&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Since then, I've attempted to find recordings of each of these sounds, but have not been able to find any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read that the laminal is the English &quot;s,&quot; and I'm assuming that the apical is more like the &quot;th&quot; sound in the word &quot;thin,&quot; but whenever I listen to the Spanish spoken by some Spaniards, even the &quot;s&quot; (in words such as &quot;sabes,&quot; &quot;señor,&quot; &quot;cosas,&quot; et cetera) doesn't always sound exactly like the &quot;s&quot; in English.  Compare the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2phhZixkhp8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sofas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/cosas/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cosas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the recordings of “cosas,” listen to the pronunciation of reality3d and then the one by runnernet.  It sounds as if the “s” pronounced by reality3d closely approximates the “s” used in English, but the one by runnernet sounds a bit different to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time, however, the “s” in English and the “s” in Spanish sound virtually the same to me, especially if the “s” starts the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, the &quot;th&quot; sound (in words such as &quot;entonces,&quot; &quot;decir,&quot; &quot;cerveza,&quot; et cetera) sounds a bit different as well.  To me, it sounds as if more air is used when pronouncing words with &quot;ci,&quot; &quot;ce,&quot; or &quot;z.&quot;  Is this an accurate observation of the Spanish (as spoken by some Spaniards)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples with audio:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this first example (listen to the one by Sento pronouncing &quot;entonces&quot;), it almost sounds as if the “th” is a mix of the “s” and the “th” sound, whereas in English, you almost don’t even hear any air in the pronunciation of “th” and when it is clearly audible, it seems to be completely devoid of any “s” sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/forthcoming/#en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;forthcoming&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/entonces/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entonces.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More audio examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/author/#en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;author&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/decir/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;decir.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/thermal/#en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;thermal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/cerveza/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cerveza.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to distinguish the differences between regional variations is one thing, but trying to distinguish between the subtle differences in subregional variations that might vary from town to town or even family to family is very difficult to draw accurate conclusions from and use as a base of comparison to try to improve my own pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to be able to find some good recordings of experts pronouncing the laminal sibilant and the apical sibilant, emphasizing the difference between those two along with a description (or even better a video) of the physiology used in each (i.e., mouth shape, tongue placement), I think it would really help me (and others) utter these sounds with more confidence.  Anybody know where I can find some good recordings of these sounds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in my search for such recordings, I came across the following from the Wikipedia entry on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish dialects and varieties&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Variants_of_.2Fs.2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Variants of /s/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Debuccalization_of_coda_.2Fs.2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debuccalization of coda /s/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I found the page very informative and recommend reading it, none of the descriptions of pronunciation appear to link up to any page containing audio of the specific examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, thanks in advance for your answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He sido estudiante de español desde hace ya algún tiempo y recientemente, he estado tratando de llevar mis habilidades de escuchar, de hablar y de pronunciar a otro nivel.  Trato de escuchar a una variedad de dialectos españoles y en el curso de mi exploración de esta lengua, me encontré con algo que mencionó el sibilante o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_laminar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consonante laminal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y el sibilante o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_apical&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consonante apical&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Desde entonces, he intentado de encontrar grabaciones de cada uno de estos sonidos, pero no he sido capaz de encontrar ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He leído que el laminal es la “s” de inglés, y estoy asumiendo que el apical es más como el sonido de “th” en la palabra “thin”, pero cada vez que escucho al español hablado por algunos españoles, aún la “s” (en palabras como “sabes”, “señor”, “cosas”, et cetera) no siempre suena exactamente como la “s” en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse la sección en inglés por las grabaciones de audio.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las grabaciones de “cosas”, escuchen a la pronunciación de reality3d y entonces la de runnernet.  Suena como si la “s” pronunciada por reality3d más se aproxima la “s” usada en inglés, pero la de por runnernet suena un poco diferente a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría del tiempo, sin embargo, la “s” en inglés y la “s” en español suena virtualmente la misma a mí, especialmente si la “s” es la primera letra de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el sonido de “th”, (en palabras como “entonces”, “decir”, “cerveza”, et cetera) también suena un poco diferente.  A mí, suena como más aire se usa al pronunciar palabras con “ci”, “ce”, or “z”.  ¿Es esta una observación correcta del español (como hablado por algunos españoles)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Algunos ejemplos más:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este primer ejemplo (escuche al uno por Sento pronunciando &quot;entonces&quot;), casi suena como el “th” es una mezcla de la “s” y el sonido de “th”, mientras que en inglés, casi ni siquiera se oye nada de aire en la pronunciación de “th” y cuando es claramente audible, parece ser totalmente carente del sonido de la “s.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse la sección en inglés por las grabaciones de audio.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tratando de distinguir las diferencias entre variaciones regionales es una cosa, pero tratando de distinguir entre las diferencias sútiles en variaciones subregionales que podrían variar de pueblo a pueblo o aún familia a familia es muy difícil de que extraer conclusiones exactas y usar como una base de comparación para tratar de mejorar mi propia pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si yo fuera capaz de oír unas buenas grabaciones de expertos pronunciando el sibilante “s” (laminal) y el sibilante “s” (apical), destacando la diferencia entre estos dos junto con una descripción (o aún mejor un video) de la fisiología utilizada en cada uno (es decir, forma de la boca, la colocación de la lengua), creo que realmente me ayudaría (y otros) a pronunciar estos sonidos con más confianza.  ¿Alguien sabe dónde puedo encontrar algunas buenas grabaciones de estos sonidos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, en mi búsqueda por esas grabaciones, me topé con el siguiente de la entrada de Wikipedia en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish dialects and varieties&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse la sección en inglés por los enlaces.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la página es muy informativa y recomiendo que se lea, ningunas de las descripciones de pronunciación parece que vincular a cualquier página conteniendo audio de los ejemplos específicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano por sus respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T01:34:04.257" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T01:34:04.257" Title="The laminal and apical sibilants in Spanish: Where can I get some good recordings?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="26" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-05-04T11:09:34.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23435" CreationDate="2017-12-02T02:17:59.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me your online sources are a bit too strict as well as occasionally actually wrong. &lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; do have different uses, but they're not always mutually exclusive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When there are explicit alternatives to choose from, it is common to use &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;cuáles&lt;/em&gt;). For example, suppose you're asking a girl to choose between two dresses, one red, the other green:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es más bonito, el rojo o el verde?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can use &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; to ask about alternatives if there is no previous context, as could be the case in your first example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué es más caro, la carne o el pescado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a slight complication here, though: with &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; you need not take the gender and number of the alternatives into account, while you do if you use &lt;em&gt;cuál(es)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; + noun, as in your second example, it is perfectly grammatical. As above, it sounds more correct if there are explicit alternatives. For example, you're standing before a shop window and you ask your little girl:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál vestido quieres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is no previous context, for example, you're talking about dresses but not about particular colors or models, you can use &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; instead, although in this case it would sound more natural to ask something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué clase de vestido quieres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With or without that &lt;em&gt;clase de&lt;/em&gt;, what this question means is &quot;what would a dress you like be like?&quot;, that is, as you said, a definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; when you ask about a definite item, even if you do not provide explicit alternatives, as in for example these typical phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es tu película favorita?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es tu color preferido?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es la comida que más te gusta?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can however turn these around and ask (a bit less naturally):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué película es tu favorita?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué color es tu preferido?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué comida es la que más te gusta?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your last example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué prefieres, la carne o el pescado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is basically the same situation as in &lt;em&gt;¿Qué/Cuál vestido quieres?&lt;/em&gt;: you should use &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; if there's no context (for example, you're simply discussing food tastes and preferences with a friend), and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; if there's an actual opportunity to choose (you're holding some meat in one plate and some fish in another one and you need to your friend to decide which one she wants to eat).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say you don't need to study a lot of rules, but pay attention to fixed phrases and typical situations when you use one word or the other. As you see, &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuál&lt;/em&gt; are often both right and their meaning is also very similar. There are only a few situations (as in &lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es tu color preferido?&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) when you must absolutely use one and not the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T02:17:59.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2017-12-02T03:59:26.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tips I'm going to give you aren't exclusive to Spanish, but I think you'll find them helpful.  I have three of them for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1: Take advantage of dictionaries with audio pronunciation.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time I read, I almost always come across a word whose pronunciation makes me curious.  It isn't always a difficult word.  Sometimes it's a word that I may have just heard pronounced differently by different people.  This is true of both my native tongue -- English -- and others.  Spanish rules of pronunciation are pretty consistent, so, oddly enough, I wind up doing this more for English than for Spanish, but if you're having trouble with a Spanish word, force yourself to take the time to do this.  Some good resources include the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/languages/es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forvo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Each entry usually has several recordings from around the world and they almost always include at least one from Spain.  Plus, if you actually take the time to set up an account (and it's super easy), you can actually download audio recordings.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/English_Spanish_Dictionary.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Unlike Forvo, you will only find single word entries on this site and the only verbs you will find will be in their infinitive form.  Neither will you be able to request a pronunciation of a specific word or phrase.  You will also only find one set of pronunciations for each word, but that set includes a pronunciation from three different areas of the Spanish-speaking world — Mexico, Spain, and Argentina — for what I would guess is 99% of the words in its database.  (In other words, a few words don't have pronunciations you can listen to, but just a very few, and they're usually long words that aren't that common.)  Plus, you're given a choice of playback speeds — 100%, 50%, 25%.  If you want to know what &amp;quot;purr&amp;quot; sounds like in Spanish with a playback speed of 25%, listen to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=ronronear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  You'll have to adjust the settings yourself using the dropdown box to the right of the word.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/otorrinolaringolog%C3%ADa#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Tried to find a word that most would find difficult to pronounce, so please click on the word &amp;quot;Wiktionary&amp;quot; above to see what I came up with.  Wiktionary also has a Spanish version, but its database of Spanish words on its English site should be sufficient for most.  If not, the Spanish version of it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wikcionario:Portada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Bear in mind that it doesn't contain much audio (if any) and what it does have will likely be in English.  (After all, its Spanish site is designed for Spanish speakers, not English speakers learning Spanish.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Sometimes gives you the option to view entries from the Oxford Spanish Dictionary in addition to those from the PONS dictionary.  It also gives you the option of listening to &amp;quot;European Spanish&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Mexican Spanish,&amp;quot; but both versions sound a bit computerized to me.  For recordings that sound more authentic, use Forvo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://enes.dict.cc/?s=perro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dict.cc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;A dictionary with pronunciations.  This site has a couple of neat features the others don't.  For starters, it gives you details such as the number of translations found for each word and orders them by most to fewest.  The word &lt;a href=&quot;https://enes.dict.cc/?s=claro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;claro,&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for example, has been translated as &amp;quot;clear&amp;quot; more often than &amp;quot;light.&amp;quot;  Without any context to guide you, you can assume that &amp;quot;claro&amp;quot; means the former and not the latter (unless you're in a conversation with someone in which case it likely means &amp;quot;of course&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;sure&amp;quot;).  The other neat feature of dict.cc is that, when possible and appropriate, it provides an image of the word in the upper right corner.  (Oddly enough there's an image for &amp;quot;perro&amp;quot; but not one for &amp;quot;gato.&amp;quot;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;All of the resources listed above are online, free, and available for multiple languages.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2: Follow Sergio Romero's advice&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you missed it, he recommended reading as much as possible and I think that is excellent advice.  He suggests that this bit of advice is slightly counterintuitive, but it will seem more logical to you if you also &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;read out loud.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  I recommend starting off with very easy books and progressing from there.  If you go to Amazon.com, you can search for children's books by language and age level.  Here's a search of children's books using the search term &amp;quot;car.&amp;quot;  I then filtered it to return just Spanish books for those aged &amp;quot;Baby-2&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=sr_nr_p_n_feature_five_bro_0?fst=as%3Aoff&amp;amp;rh=n%3A283155%2Cn%3A4%2Ck%3Acar%2Cp_n_feature_nine_browse-bin%3A3291439011%2Cp_n_feature_five_browse-bin%3A2578998011&amp;amp;keywords=car&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1512183223&amp;amp;rnid=2245026011&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Books in Spanish about cars for those aged Baby-2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start off with the easiest and work yourself up the age levels.  Many of the books will allow you to preview the book so that you can determine if it's the right level for you and whether or not it's a good investment of your money.  As you do this, be sure to read out loud.  As you conduct your searches, I think you'll discover that Amazon's search engine returns results in a somewhat mysterious way, but for the most part you should see books that start off at a basic level.  If you are unsure of what age level the book is actually intended for, click on the thumbnail for the book and then scroll down to view the book's details which should include its intended age or age range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure you might be able to do similar searches via other sites such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Category:Children%27s_Bookshelf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project Gutenberg&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://openlibrary.org/subjects/children#sort=edition_count&amp;amp;ebooks=true&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open Library&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; but few, if any, allow you to search for books like Amazon does.  I know some Spanish sites contain a children's book section.  I haven't reviewed them in a while, but if any are worth recommending, I'll add them to this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the ones you'll find at Amazon, some books even have audio, but be sure to listen to a sample of it first if available; it may not be of a quality, dialect, or style that appeals to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your budget's too tight for the purchase of a book, pay a visit to your local library.  I'd be surprised if it doesn't have books in languages other than English on its shelves.  The United States might not be as multilingual as the European Union, but there's a reason we call this country a melting pot and your library shelves should be reflective of that.  If not, contact your librarian to see how you can request books not currently carried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;3: Adopt tips and tricks used by those in industries that require flawless pronunciation of words&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one's going to sound a bit crazy, but it is a technique I learned while attending a basic journalism and broadcasting course.  I graduated from the course many years ago, but I have often used this technique to improve the pronunciation of my own native tongue.  Whenever I am preparing to deliver a message, whether it's an important message on a voicemail machine or a 5-minute speech, I read the message out loud &lt;em&gt;with a pencil in my mouth&lt;/em&gt;.  I am not kidding you.  Granted, if it's something as long as a 5-minute speech, I usually only read parts of the speech out loud and usually just as a warm up, but I cannot emphasize how useful this is in limbering up the muscles of the mouth and helping you articulate your words more precisely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've lately begun using this method with Spanish.  If I catch myself stumbling over a word while reading out loud in Spanish, I will stop, put the pencil in my mouth and repeat the word a few times.  You think rolling your Rs is difficult?  Just try it with a pencil in your mouth and you'll find that it takes &amp;quot;difficult&amp;quot; to a whole new level.  Even so, when you remove the pencil from your mouth and try pronouncing the word again, you'll be amazed at how much easier it is to say that word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe tongue twisters and varying the speed of your speech are also effective limbering exercises, and ones I've encountered in places outside of broadcasting (e.g., theatrical productions) but nothing I've tried thus far really surpasses the effectiveness of the pencil method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize the coveted green checkmark has already been awarded and I'm certainly not trying to convince you to give it up for me.  Many of the answers here were quite good.  I just saw an opportunity to contribute something useful or helpful by sharing some of my own techniques.  Usually my contributions are in the form of a question, so it was refreshing to see a question on a topic I felt I could be helpful with.  I am by no means an expert on this topic and, in fact, stumbled upon this question simply because I was about to pose a question somewhat similar to this.  I may still post it since the topic is a bit more specific and not likely to be answered if I merely tacked it on in a comment here.  If I do, I'll post the link here in this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-06T07:04:46.400" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19123" CreationDate="2017-12-02T11:42:03.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oí una vez que en Madrid se llamaba pistola a ese tipo de pan porque, durante la ocupación francesa, se prohibió hacer en Madrid panes grandes y hogazas porque se habían dado casos de suministrar armas a los presos metidas en ellos. La forma de la pistola impedía introducir pistolas de verdad en ellas. Sólo quedó el recurso al recochineo, tan propio de los madriles. Pero pude oír una historia inventada, claro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18259" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T11:42:03.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23456" CreationDate="2017-12-02T15:15:37.940" Score="6" ViewCount="508" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE indica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PXaVM1m&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mojigato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;mojo&lt;/em&gt;, voz para llamar al gato, y &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que muestra exagerados escrúpulos morales o religiosos. U. t. c. s. U. m. en sent. despect.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Propio de la persona mojigata. U. m. en sent. despect.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. p. us. Que afecta humildad o cobardía para lograr sus propósitos. U. t. c. s. U. m. en sent. despect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo ninguna relación entre la etimología indicada (voz para llamar al gato + gato) y las acepciones de la palabra. ¿Cómo se puede explicar a partir de ese origen (si es correcto) las acepciones de la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T11:34:43.823" Title="¿Cómo se explica el origen de «mojigato»?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23499" CreationDate="2017-12-02T18:02:25.090" Score="6" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que se puede decir último, penúltimo y antepenúltimo para describir las últimas tres posiciones. Pero más alla de penúltimo no sé como describir las posiciones que siguen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés hay una forma general de usar el ordinal con la frase &quot;from/to last,&quot; pero buscando en Google por lo visto, hay muy pocos resultados por frases como &quot;sexto desde el último.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="12672" LastEditDate="2017-12-02T18:14:38.583" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T21:15:16.290" Title="¿Cómo se puede contar desde el fin de una serie?" Tags="&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23443" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23450" CreationDate="2017-12-02T20:50:42.230" Score="5" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6TAJjC0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cabrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. malson. coloq. Dicho de una persona, de un animal o de una cosa: Que hace malas pasadas o resulta molesto. U. t. c. s. Por antífrasis, u. t. en sent. ponder.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mismo artículo viene &lt;strong&gt;cabrón con pintas&lt;/strong&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. adj. coloq. cabrón (‖ que hace malas pasadas). U. t. c. loc. sust. m. y f.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente es exactamente la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Qué le añade entonces el &quot;&lt;em&gt;con pintas&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastActivityDate="2020-11-09T13:31:01.480" Title="¿Qué le añaden &quot;las pintas&quot; al &quot;cabrón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23553" CreationDate="2017-12-02T22:38:07.493" Score="5" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE figura &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LPBzYJt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indirecto, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que no va rectamente a un fin, aunque se encamine a él.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Dicho o medio de que alguien se vale para no significar explícita o claramente algo, y darlo, sin embargo, a entender.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación aparece la expresión  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;indirecta del padre Cobos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Explícita y rotunda manifestación o declaración de aquello que se quería o se debía dar a entender embozada o indirectamente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es todo lo contrario de una indirecta (segunda acepción), es decir, una indirecta totalmente directa.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Figura ya en el Diccionario de la Lengua de 1734, pero sin el &lt;strong&gt;padre&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indirecta de Cobos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Expresión con que notamos al que claramente pide o dice las cosas juzgando que las disimula.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y es en la edición de 1803 cuando aparece como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indirecta del P. Cobos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  fam. El medio, o proposición con que claramente se pide alguna cosa, ó se dice a otro lo que le es desagradable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado ejemplos de su uso reciente, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/elpais/subnotas/140735-45322-2010-02-21.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... la foto que aquí se reproduce, tomada durante una visita a Santa Fe, el 26 de mayo de 2009. Al pie dice “Gerardo Anadón, Gonzalo Costal, Cobos y Yo en la inauguración de la nueva planta de NOVA S.A., Cañada de Gómez, Santa Fe”. La foto es un ejemplo exacto de la expresión coloquial española “la indirecta del padre Cobos”...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y entre las referencias más antiguas que he visto en la Hemeroteca Digital destaca la que corresponde a &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003489624&amp;amp;page=2&amp;amp;search=indirecta%20padre%20Cobos&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Español (Madrid. 1835). 1/10/1837, n.º 699, página 2&lt;/a&gt; (énfasis mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El señor ministro dijo que yo había calificado el dictamen con desvergüenzas, porque dije que mas bien que hipocresía había &lt;strong&gt;indirectas del padre Cobos&lt;/strong&gt;. Señores, yo no he usado la palabra desvergüenzas, y en cuatro años que tengo el honor de estar sentado en estos bancos no se me ha tenido que llamar al orden porque yo haya faltado al respeto debido. &lt;strong&gt;Indirecta del padre  Cobos es una verdad desnuda, una mal llamada indirecta&lt;/strong&gt;, pero de ningún modo desvergüenza. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿de dónde viene esta expresión? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-05T20:42:41.077" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T16:27:43.927" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;indirecta del padre Cobos&quot;, que es una verdad desnuda y no una &quot;indirecta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23446" CreationDate="2017-12-03T10:35:54.040" Score="3" ViewCount="10736" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE encontramos:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ohxly6r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. malson. &lt;strong&gt;orinar&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ expeler la orina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZjD1ubu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiesto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. &lt;strong&gt;Pedazo de cualquier vasija de barro.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. &lt;strong&gt;maceta&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ recipiente de barro para criar plantas).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. &lt;em&gt;Bol., Chile y Hond.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Vasija de cualquier clase&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. desus. &lt;strong&gt;cráneo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZjD1ubu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mear fuera del tiesto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Salirse de la cuestión, decir algo que no viene al caso.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que no parece tener ninguna relación clara ni con &lt;strong&gt;mear&lt;/strong&gt; ni con &lt;strong&gt;tiesto&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Cómo se ha formado esa locución con ese sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto en el NTLLE, la RAE lo recoge por primera vez en el diccionario de 1925.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T13:05:46.610" Title="¿Por qué &quot;mear fuera del tiesto&quot; es &quot;decir algo que no viene al caso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23445" CreationDate="2017-12-03T13:05:46.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La raíz de esta expresión está en el origen de otras similares como la genérica &lt;em&gt;hacer algo fuera de lugar&lt;/em&gt;. Hay cosas que tienen su lugar y no otro, y hacerlas fuera de ese lugar es inapropiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según leo en varias fuentes, ninguna de las cuales es necesariamente confiable, en Castilla se solía llamar &lt;em&gt;tiesto&lt;/em&gt; al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RDo9Pya&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;orinal&lt;/a&gt; (recipiente portátil para orinar y defecar). Esto hace que la expresión tenga un poco más de sentido que si &lt;em&gt;tiesto&lt;/em&gt; significara sólo &quot;maceta&quot; (recipiente para plantas) o &quot;vasija&quot; en general, pero no es necesario para crear la imagen figurativa deseada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los hombres tenemos la suerte de poder apuntar al orinar, pero eso requiere un mínimo de atención. Orinar fuera del lugar correspondiente indica que uno no presta atención a lo que hace, o no tiene control sobre sí mismo, o se sale de las normas mínimas de cuidado o cortesía que exige la sociedad (entre las cuales está hacer sus necesidades fisiológicas en ciertos lugares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español americano (donde &lt;em&gt;tiesto&lt;/em&gt; suele ser reemplazado por &lt;em&gt;tarro&lt;/em&gt;) hablamos similarmente de &lt;em&gt;desubicarse&lt;/em&gt;, sentido que no está contemplado en el DLE (que sólo menciona los significados literales de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DWFbXOL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desubicar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). De nuevo, se trata de equiparar falta de orientación (o puntería) con falta de sentido común o de la oportunidad para hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T13:05:46.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23448" CreationDate="2017-12-03T16:20:47.957" Score="6" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to translate &quot;I don't care who he is&quot; into Spanish, and I got this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me importa quién &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds strange. &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; is the present subjunctive (or imperative) conjugation of &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;, which doesn't look right to me. I thought I should use &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference, in this case, between indicative and subjunctive? Is it the same case about &quot;&lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (where) and &quot;&lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (what)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T21:39:41.053" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T21:39:41.053" Title="Why is &quot;sea&quot; used in &quot;quién sea él&quot; but not &quot;es&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23447" CreationDate="2017-12-03T18:21:59.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say there's a knock on the door.  You ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quién es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's say the phone rings, and you tell your brother, who's visiting and sitting next to the phone, not to answer it because you don't want to be interrupted, and you think it would be fine for whoever it is to leave a voicemail.  You might say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me importa quién sea. | I don't care who it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use the subjunctive here, and it's kind of like saying &quot;I don't care who it might be.&quot;  (Here, we don't know who is calling, so there's uncertainty, which requires the subjunctive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last scenario:  Let's say the phone rings.  You know it's your son calling for the umpteenth time that afternoon, but your brother doesn't know that, and wants to answer it, saying that it might be something important.  You respond&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya se quién es, y no me importa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no uncertainty here, hence no subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T18:21:59.650" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23447" CreationDate="2017-12-03T18:38:18.393" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are cases in which both indicative and subjunctive work, though with a subtle difference of meaning. In this specific case, in which identity is involved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) ... quién sea él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) ... quién es él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;one thing is clear: he does have an identity (a name, a role), which the speaker is not interested in discovering or in considering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand the difference above, let's see a different pair of sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me importa que &lt;strong&gt;llueva&lt;/strong&gt;. (We don't know if it's raining.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me importa que &lt;strong&gt;llueve&lt;/strong&gt;. (We know it's raining.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can thus see that the subjunctive casts some doubt as to the truth of the clause, while the indicative provides certainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we apply this distinction to your pair of sentences, if the speaker uses (1) he wants to imply that he is not willing to believe that the other person is who he claims to be. If the speaker uses (2), he implies that he will not challenge his identity, hierarchy, authority, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, sentence (1) may be more pejorative: the speaker does not care who he is and, even if he finds out, he indicates that he is reluctant to believe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T04:40:38.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23443" CreationDate="2017-12-03T20:00:43.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ningún lugar se explica claramente el origen de esta expresión. En singular &lt;em&gt;pinta&lt;/em&gt; puede significar lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;facha&lt;/em&gt;, pero en plural la palabra remite a mancha o señal distintiva, como las que tienen los animales en su pelaje o plumaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser así, &lt;em&gt;con pintas&lt;/em&gt; vendría a significar &quot;marcado, distinguible, señalable&quot;, y por extensión, &quot;inconfundible&quot;, como un animal cuyo patrón de pelaje o plumaje permite identificarlo. Y un &lt;em&gt;cabrón con pintas&lt;/em&gt; sería un cabrón tan cabrón que cualquiera puede darse cuenta de que lo es, porque está marcado como tal. Para enfatizar más todavía el aspecto visual, algunas personas dicen incluso &lt;em&gt;cabrón con pintas coloradas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Se me ocurre un paralelismo interesante entre esta expresión y una que refiere también a personas con defectos obvios y conocidos: &lt;em&gt;«Qué le hace una mancha más al tigre?»&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de este &quot;razonamiento&quot; la expresión puede haber evolucionado desde su significado original hasta ser un simple énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T20:00:43.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23455" CreationDate="2017-12-04T03:20:22.910" Score="5" ViewCount="1103" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los últimos días, empecé a leer la novela de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;José Rizal&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noli_me_tangere_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Noli me tangere&lt;/a&gt;, y en el capítulo IV noté que un personaje le comenta al otro las siguientes frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)su padre, de Ud., que estaba preso! (...) (sic.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)Los Españoles que venimos a Filipinas no somos desgraciadamente lo que debíamos: digo esto tanto por uno de sus abuelos de Ud. (...) (sic.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)Meses después de su salida de Ud. (...) (sic.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la obra es de finales del siglo XIX y en español filipino, me llama la atención la segunda frase, en la que al personaje que habla se le atribuye un origen español, y alguna vez en una obra de Les Luthiers lo había oído (La comisión), al ser esta una obra cómica lo suponía como broma, pero entonces ¿aclaraciones tipo &lt;em&gt;suyo de usted&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;su cosa de usted&lt;/em&gt; son válidas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-19T11:32:58.010" Title="¿Qué tan válido es el doble posesivo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23451" CreationDate="2017-12-04T03:53:10.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin descartar la posibilidad de que exista como forma dialectal, yo lo leí, incluso a la segunda y tercera vez, como si hubiese dos comas, con las cuales lo de «de usted» sirve para aclarar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;… su padre, &lt;sub&gt;(es decir el)&lt;/sub&gt; de usted, que estaba preso …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a intentar investigarlo algo más.  Los posesivos varían algo en lo que admiten en distintas partes del mundo hispanohablante, y lo dicho, puede ser así una forma plenamente válida en el español filipino o en otra parte, aunque de momento la ignoro como tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T03:53:10.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23453" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-04T04:40:45.563" Score="0" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué día es hoy? Hoy es sábado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I know which conjugation of ser to pick here? I thought ser was when talking to he/she. Why is it picked here when we don't know who the sentence is talking too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17962" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T21:46:41.290" Title="How do I know which conjugation to pick when using ser?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23453" CreationDate="2017-12-04T05:04:33.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very considerate of you to focus on the recipient!  But that's not how conjugation works.  When you conjugate a verb, you have to be subjective!  In other words, base the conjugation on who the subject is.  Focus on who's doing the action, or who's doing the being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, when we conjugate &amp;quot;to be&amp;quot;, we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he is, she is, it is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cook&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you cook&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he cooks, she cooks, it cooks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we choose the verb ending, or conjugation, based on the &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy norteamericano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres mexicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella es mi hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros somos seres humanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Today&amp;quot; will cause a conjugation like &amp;quot;it.&amp;quot;  &amp;quot;It is Saturday.&amp;quot;  &amp;quot;Hoy es sábado.&amp;quot;  That's different from &amp;quot;You are Mexican.&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Tú eres mexicano.&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Eres&amp;quot; goes with &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot;.  &amp;quot;Es&amp;quot; goes with the third person singular, for example &amp;quot;she&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;it&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;today.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T05:04:33.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23451" CreationDate="2017-12-04T07:27:06.957" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto ese tipo de frases sobre todo en textos antiguos. Si buscamos en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;«su padre de usted»&lt;/strong&gt;, por poner un ejemplo, nos devuelve más de 50 resultados, la mayoría del siglo XIX y algunos del XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se ha quedado su padre de usted en León?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y su padre de usted, ¿cómo está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) voy á buscar á su padre de usted para decirle (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte según este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Su%20-%20de%20usted.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; de Hispanoteca también se usa en el habla moderna aunque no creo que sea muy común, al menos en España. En ese artículo explica que se utiliza para evitar la ambigüedad del posesivo &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para remediar la indeterminación del poseedor, nuestro idioma se vale, desde antes de la época clásica, del recurso de añadir a &lt;em&gt;su, sus&lt;/em&gt; el nombre del poseedor, o el pronombre que lo señala, precedido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, siempre que el contexto no basta para indicarlo: &lt;em&gt;su casa de Antonio; sus rentas de usted; su madre de ellas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-14T20:44:08.423" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T20:44:08.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23441" CreationDate="2017-12-04T11:34:43.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya en ocasiones anteriores hemos visto que Sebastián de Covarrubias a veces se inventaba un poco las etimologías de las palabras, pero no por eso debemos dejar de constar aquí la primera explicación que se le da al origen de esta palabra, en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MOXIGATO, se dice del hombre, que està muy dissimulado y callado, humilde, esperando la ocasion para hazer su hecho, como haze el gato quãdo està esperando a que salga el raton: demanera que està compuesto de mus, que vale raton, y de gato, con esta alusion y similitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de autoridades (tomo G-M de 1734) recoge la palabra como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MOGIGATO, TA. adj, Dissimulado, que afecta humildad o cobardía, para lograr su intento en la ocasión. Según Covarr. se dijo por alusion ò semejanza al gato, quando está esperando al ratón, y dice que es voz compuesta de Mus, Latino que significa el ratón, y la voz Gato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que las primeras ediciones del DLE no cuestionaban mucho las etimologías de Covarrubias. Sin embargo, desde su segunda edición hasta la de 1884 se suprimieron las etimologías. Cuando volvieron, la primera tentativa es decir que &lt;em&gt;mojigato&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;mogato&lt;/em&gt; (1884). Luego que viene del árabe &lt;em&gt;motagatta&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;encubierto&quot; (1899). Luego omite la etimología hasta 1970, en la que dice que viene &quot;de la voz &lt;em&gt;moch&lt;/em&gt;, de llamar al gato, y &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que es básicamente lo que dice hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si seguimos la pista de &lt;em&gt;mogate&lt;/em&gt;, Covarrubias dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MOGATE, es nombre Arabigo, y sinifica cobertura, o baño que cubre alguna cosa [...]. Su raiz es mugati, que en Arabigo vale cubierto, o disimulado: y de alli llamaron Mogatos y moxigatos a los dissimulados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, de nuevo volveríamos al árabe y a la etimología que explica que viene de &quot;disimulado, encubierto&quot;. Sin embargo, debemos recordar que hoy día esa etimología parece descartada, y la acercan mucho a la palabra &lt;em&gt;gatamuso&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;gatomuso&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0XMNHw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gatomuso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;muso&lt;/em&gt;, voz con que se llama a este animal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Vall. Hipócrita, solapado. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la palabra se usa únicamente en Valladolid (España), el significado es similar al original de la palabra &lt;em&gt;mojigato&lt;/em&gt; (la acepción relativa a los escrúpulos morales o religiosos es bastante posterior).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La combinación de palabras como &lt;em&gt;muso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;misi&lt;/em&gt; y similares con el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; no era infrecuente, de hecho aparece en una canción infantil de la cual he leído y oído diferentes versiones, pero he aquí una:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Misi gatito,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pan con ajito,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sopita de la olla,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  agüita del río&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si no quieres que te coma topa topa topa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(se hacen cosquillitas en la mejilla del bebé)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese &quot;misi gatito&quot; sería la forma de llamar al gato, y lo mismo sería &lt;em&gt;misigato&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;moxigato&lt;/em&gt; según la región. Cuando llamas a un gato es porque suele estar escondido, oculto, y de los gatos siempre se ha pensado que son zaínos, taimados, astutos, y cuyas intenciones no siempre son claras. De ahí la asociación de esa personalidad gatuna a las personas que se comportan de forma similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T11:34:43.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23434" CreationDate="2017-12-04T16:37:38.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas debido a que son contracciones por omisión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Nos la pasamos muy bien! (la noche)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Nos lo pasamos muy bien! (el día)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pese a que no coincidan con el género, el uso de la idea se homologó en diferentes regiones, dependiendo de la popularidad del uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también se puede especificar en masculino o femenino dependiendo de a qué se hace referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T19:26:51.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23461" CreationDate="2017-12-04T20:17:51.123" Score="4" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me pareció muy curioso algo que apenas noté hoy. Explicaré con unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de ella. La manzana es suya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de nostros. La manzana es nuestra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de ellos. La manzana es suya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno podría pensar que la fórmula para los dos modelos de frases se puede generalizar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de &lt;strong&gt;[pronombre]&lt;/strong&gt;. La manzana es &lt;strong&gt;[posesivo]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eso no funciona para &amp;quot;yo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;tú&amp;quot; (bueno, en mi opinión):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de yo [incorrecto]. La manzana es mía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La manzana es de tú [incorrecto]. La manzana es tuya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se explica eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T21:13:59.453" Title="¿Por qué no se dice &quot;de yo&quot; o &quot;de tú&quot;?" Tags="&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23453" CreationDate="2017-12-04T20:55:26.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser&lt;/em&gt; is a verb. It has different forms according to person and number (and mood, but let's forget that for now). These we call conjugations. The conjugation of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; is highly irregular but it's just another verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatical person is part of the conjugation of all Spanish verbs. There are three classical &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_person&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grammatical persons&lt;/a&gt;: the speaker, the addressee (or hearer), and everyone else. These are conventionally termed the first, second and third person, respectively. If what the verb &quot;does&quot; is being done by the one who utters the sentence, then the verb will be in the first person. If it is the addressee that is doing it, the verb will be in the second person. If it is some other person (outside the speaker and the hearer), or some animal or thing or even abstract concept that is the subject of the verb, then the verb will be in the third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above is not specifically Spanish grammar, but works for most or all languages on some level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a question about &quot;today&quot;, then that's in the third person. &quot;Today&quot; (&lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish) is an abstract concept representing &quot;the present day&quot;. It's not the speaker(s) (which would mean &quot;I&quot; or &quot;we&quot;) and not the addressee (&quot;you&quot;). The third person singular, present tense, indicative mood, of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, is &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué día es hoy?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Hoy es lunes.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your confusion might stem from the fact that you expect explicit third person pronouns (the equivalents of &quot;he&quot; or &quot;she&quot;) to be next to a third person verb. This is not how it works. A first person verb explicitly or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-drop_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;implicitly&lt;/a&gt; takes the first person pronoun &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; or its plural &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, and likewise, a second person verb implicitly or explicitly takes &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;. The third person, however, is of a different kind, as explained above. Everything that is not a participant of the conversation (between the speaker and the addressee) is third person, no matter what. It can be stated as a pronoun or as a full noun phrase. If it is a personal pronoun, it can be &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ellos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ellas&lt;/em&gt;, but it can also be a demonstrative (&lt;em&gt;esto, eso, aquello&lt;/em&gt; and the like) or anything else. It can be nothing as well, since as you might know, in Spanish most subjects (including pronouns) can be dropped if understood in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you ask &quot;Why is it picked here when we don't know who the sentence is talking to?&quot;. That isn't the way Spanish verbs work. Spanish verbs are &lt;strong&gt;conjugated by the person and number of the grammatical subject&lt;/strong&gt; of the sentence, not of whom we are speaking to (or about). The closest thing to that would be the difference we make between formal and informal pronouns and verb forms in the second person (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E2%80%93V_distinction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-V distinction&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_pronouns#T%C3%BA/vos_and_usted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;). That has nothing to do with this example, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T21:46:41.290" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T21:46:41.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23459" CreationDate="2017-12-04T21:13:59.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El quid de la cuestión no es que no pueda usarse &lt;em&gt;*de yo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;*de tú&lt;/em&gt;. Lo particular es que la primera y segunda personas del singular tienen formas pronominales tónicas de objeto (&lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;) especiales, mientras que todas las otras personas no (porque usan las mismas formas tónicas que en la posición sujeto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden usar &lt;em&gt;de mí&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;de ti&lt;/em&gt; pero con una función diferente, no posesiva sino de procedencia (&lt;em&gt;Este regalo es de mí para ti&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo, creo, aunque tampoco me suena del todo bien).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que en esto puede tener que ver la distinción fundamental entre los participantes singulares de la conversación (&quot;yo&quot; y &quot;tú&quot;), por un lado, y el resto y las terceras personas, por el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T21:13:59.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23434" CreationDate="2017-12-04T23:03:05.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;objeto directo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al que hagas referencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Masculino:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- ¿Qué tal el fin de semana?&#xA;- Nos lo pasamos muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Femenino:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- ¿Como pasaron la primavera?&#xA;- Nos la pasamos muy bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7029" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T20:40:45.940" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T20:40:45.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23451" CreationDate="2017-12-04T23:19:55.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa coloquialmente en México. &quot;Su casa de Pepe es muy bonita &quot;, en lugar de &quot;la casa...&quot; Y también en la situación presentada en la pregunta, donde se intenta evitar dudas de la relación entre parientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, se interpreta como señal de que el que habla tiene poca educación, así que lo escuché imitado muchas veces en tono burlón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi impresión (y es sólo mi sensibilidad personal sobre cómo ha evolucionado el español en México) es que la connotación de baja educación en este caso está correlacionada con que fuese expresión de uso común hace mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T23:19:55.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23465" CreationDate="2017-12-05T02:23:32.440" Score="8" ViewCount="1612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pocas cosas causan más fastidio a los que tratamos de hacer un uso cuidado del idioma que encontrar algo mal escrito en un medio permanente, donde el error parece hacer alarde de su existencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los errores en libros son afortunadamente apenas ocasionales, mientras que en los periódicos (tanto en papel como en su formato electrónico) son harto frecuentes: faltas de ortografía, errores de redacción, fallas de puntuación, falta de sentido, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero lo que más me irrita es encontrar algo mal escrito donde se supone que será visto y tal vez malinterpretado por muchas personas y durante mucho tiempo, como por ejemplo un cartel impreso en la vía pública, en una tienda, o, como en este caso, en un medio de transporte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La puerta no se abre cuando la luz roja se ilumine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3c5SS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3c5SS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Luz del tren&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paso a explicar: en Buenos Aires hace pocos años tenemos trenes de origen chino y, si bien la mayor parte de la cartelería ha sido redactada localmente, nos encontramos a diario con este aviso que, además de no gramatical, es confuso, seguramente como resultado de una mala traducción de la lengua oriental. Debo decir que nunca he visto encenderse la luz roja (supongo que nada bueno debe anunciar) y por lo tanto no termino de entender el sentido del cartel. El desafío es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa para ustedes el cartel?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A modo de lo que sería un &quot;edition golf&quot;, ¿cuál es el modo más claro y breve en que lo expresarían de acuerdo con el (o los) significado(s) que le atribuyan?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T00:41:53.963" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T18:24:35.863" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;La puerta no se abre cuando la luz roja se ilumine&quot;? ¿Cómo podría expresarse de mejor manera?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23464" CreationDate="2017-12-05T06:07:00.617" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo interpreto como que,  cuando y mientras la luz roja esté encendida, la puerta no podrá abrirse, seguramente por algún mecanismo de seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una manera más correcta de decirlo seria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La puerta no se podrá abrir cuando la luz roja esté encendida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una más corta: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con luz roja, puerta bloqueada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T06:07:00.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23464" CreationDate="2017-12-05T13:29:08.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo que el cartel dice que: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuando la luz roja se enciende, la puerta no puede abrirse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una mejor forma de redactarlo seria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La puerta permanece bloqueada mientras la luz roja esta iluminada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18322" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T13:29:08.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23464" CreationDate="2017-12-06T03:47:39.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo pondría lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La luz roja indica que la puerta está bloqueada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18337" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T09:15:47.910" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T09:15:47.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23470" CreationDate="2017-12-06T12:57:30.563" Score="6" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando en español la palabra que denomina un invento muy complejo y aparatoso que resuelve algo muy sencillo (lo que lo hace inútil). Creo que hay un concurso internacional para estos tipos de inventos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18342" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T14:05:11.407" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T05:37:36.263" Title="¿Cómo se denomina a un invento extremadamente complejo para resolver algo sencillo?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23469" CreationDate="2017-12-06T13:33:57.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás la palabra que busca es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1RcPEwY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alambicado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;strong&gt;Complicado, rebuscado.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Razonamiento, concepto alambicado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el concepto, la denominación es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1quina_de_Rube_Goldberg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Máquina de Rube Goldberg&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aunque en España se utiliza más la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_grandes_inventos_del_TBO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Invento del TBO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; debido a la enorme popularidad que tuvo la sección de ese nombre del semanario TBO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sección estaba presentada por un personaje ficticio, el profesor Franz de Copenhague.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Algunos de los ingeniosos inventos del TBO fueron:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dispositivo para hacer vino con zapatos viejos (Nit)&#xA;Procedimiento para descargar mercancías con jirafa (Nit)&#xA;Coche salta-vallas (Nit)&#xA;Aparato limpia-narices (Nit)&#xA;Huevos con cáscara de cristal (Benejam)&#xA;Melones cuadrados (Benejam)&#xA;Sombrero-jaula (Tur)&#xA;Dispositivo anti-cabello en la sopa (Sabatés)&#xA;Artilugio para brindar en mesas grandes (Sabatés)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La popularidad de esta sección llegó a quedar hasta en el lenguaje coloquial, con la frase &amp;quot;es un invento del TBO&amp;quot; para tachar a una idea de estrafalaria o absurda.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20111126053611/http://www.ciberniz.com/profesorfranz.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aclaran (para los que no los hayan conocido) que (énfasis mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Los grandes inventos&amp;quot; del Profesor Franz de Copenhague se movieron en dos planos humorísticos: &lt;strong&gt;el de la simple exageración de máquinas complicadas para obtener resultados muy simples&lt;/strong&gt;, y el de la crítica disimulada a la coyuntura española; no hay que olvidar que en las décadas que florecían los &amp;quot;Grandes inventos&amp;quot; la sociedad, para atender necesidades o apetencias había tenido que inventar cosas casi tan sorprendentes como las del TBO...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imágenes de algunos de estos inventos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5mNOWzhvrMg/T2AIxdTo5MI/AAAAAAAAD6Q/aDJw9GprU-4/s640/TBO_Grandes_inventos.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dispositivo para secar las &amp;quot;gotas&amp;quot; que caen de la nariz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vzed8M6JN7k/VtTF6untl6I/AAAAAAAACs0/tL7fWIOiOBM/s640/tareaTBO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Máquina para cortar la punta de los cigarros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ixquick-proxy.com/do/spg/show_picture.pl?l=espanol&amp;amp;rais=1&amp;amp;oiu=https%3A%2F%2Fs-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com%2Foriginals%2F14%2F1f%2Ff7%2F141ff71972b7a3867fe4520eb4d98770.jpg&amp;amp;sp=1fd2080fa6b788cfb9e4a79577bf49d2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Máquina que ahorra el esfuerzo de llamar al timbre de una casa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T05:37:36.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23472" CreationDate="2017-12-06T14:34:24.537" Score="2" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learnt how to conjugate the present subjunctive and the imperfect subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't seem how to conjugate AR, ER &amp;amp; IR verbs for the future subjunctive though?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been looking at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguasorb.com/spanish/verbs/conjugation/comer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comer&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguasorb.com/spanish/verbs/conjugation/hablar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hablar&lt;/a&gt; on linguasorb &amp;amp; think you take the third person plural preterite then take of &quot;ron&quot; and add the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yo - re&#xA;tu - res&#xA;el - re&#xA;nos - remos&#xA;os - reis&#xA;ellos - ren&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="17403" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T14:43:54.213" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:42:23.150" Title="future subjunctive conjugation" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23471" CreationDate="2017-12-06T15:42:23.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is correct.  The forms of future and past subjunctive are both formed on the same base.  The only difference is that past subjunctive uses &lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-ra-&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-se-&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; between the stem and the personal ending, and the future subjunctive uses &lt;strong&gt;-re-&lt;/strong&gt;.  As such, for a verb like &lt;em&gt;nadar&lt;/em&gt; you get &lt;em&gt;nadare, nadares, nadare, nadáremos, nadareis, nadaren&lt;/em&gt;, and for an irregular like &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; you get &lt;em&gt;tuviere, tuvieres, tuviere, tuviéremos, tuviereis, tuvieren&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't generally find much information about the future subjunctive, though, because it's &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; rarely used today (and often used incorrectly at that), and for non-natives could just as well be thought of as not existing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:42:23.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23464" CreationDate="2017-12-06T17:04:56.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well in the spirit of your second point about a &quot;golf&quot; version how about&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luz roja, puerta cerrada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T17:04:56.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23485" CreationDate="2017-12-06T22:57:59.840" Score="6" ViewCount="17533" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hubo una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2732/9385&quot;&gt;pregunta&lt;/a&gt; con este párrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasado el tiempo, y relacionado con lo de arriba &lt;strong&gt;en tanto en cuanto&lt;/strong&gt; a preguntas de listas, empezamos a observar que la pregunta Resources for learning Spanish podría bien moverse al sitio principal para ejercer de pregunta canónica contra la que marcar como duplicadas las preguntas que consulten por recursos de aprendizaje, algo que más arriba hemos visto que también es una de los motivos de cierre propios del sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Propuse una edición, quitando &lt;em&gt;en tanto&lt;/em&gt; porque me parecía mejor, pero @walen restauró su texto original, indicando que la frase era correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todavía no entiendo. La forma en que walen usó la frase se ve diferente que los ejemplos que conozco. ¿Cuándo es correcto usar &quot;en tanto en cuanto&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si me lo pueden explicar se lo agradezco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T22:43:15.997" LastActivityDate="2019-08-21T00:01:56.620" Title="¿Cuándo es correcto usar &quot;en tanto en cuanto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23478" CreationDate="2017-12-07T02:12:10.693" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since both the &lt;strong&gt;long form possessive adjective&lt;/strong&gt; (mío) and a &lt;strong&gt;descriptive adjective&lt;/strong&gt; (linda) goes directly after the noun, as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Mi amiga linda está aquí.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; La amiga mía está aquí.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i am confused as to where to place the possessive and descriptive adjectives when they belong to the same sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La amiga linda mía está aquí.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La amiga mía linda está aquí.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T06:27:27.220" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T13:50:48.127" Title="forming a sentence with a long form possessive adjective and a descriptive adjective" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23477" CreationDate="2017-12-07T02:47:06.497" Score="3" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos días, viendo dibujos animados en idioma inglés sin subtítulos, hacían referencia al término &lt;em&gt;Uncle Joke&lt;/em&gt; respecto a un personaje que contaba chistes malos. No quise cambiar el SAP (de inglés a español) pues suele primar una traducción muy mexicanista ante algunos términos de un corte particular. ¿Alguien me puede colaborar con una traducción en un español 'neutro'? (cosa compleja...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T22:34:12.127" LastActivityDate="2020-11-26T22:33:21.333" Title="¿Existe un equivalente español al 'Uncle Joke' para quien cuenta chistes malos?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23476" CreationDate="2017-12-07T06:24:43.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el &amp;quot;uncle joke&amp;quot; es &lt;strong&gt;el chiste que no es chistoso&lt;/strong&gt;, contado por el tío.  O sea, &amp;quot;uncle joke&amp;quot; no se refiere a la persona que cuenta los &lt;strong&gt;malos chistes&lt;/strong&gt;.  En tu pregunta me dio la impresión de que quizás lo entendías al revés, pero no sé si estoy en lo cierto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo el mundo tiene un amigo que siempre se quiere hacer el gracioso pero no le sale. El comediante y actor argentino Joaquín Castellano compartió en su cuenta de Facebook un video escenificando a ese amigo que cuenta &lt;strong&gt;malos chistes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como se aprecia en la reproducción de Facebook, el joven argentino suele reírse de &lt;strong&gt;frases sin sentido&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;que no son graciosas&lt;/strong&gt;. Además, intenta hacer reír a sus amigos con &lt;strong&gt;bromas que no causan gracia&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://locoslocoslocoslocos.blogspot.com/2016/06/tienes-un-amigo-que-cuenta-chistes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://locoslocoslocoslocos.blogspot.com/2016/06/tienes-un-amigo-que-cuenta-chistes.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T05:24:04.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23475" CreationDate="2017-12-07T06:38:22.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Forgive me if I use a slightly different example, which makes it easier for me to imagine using in realistic conversations.  This will show the same issue that you were illustrating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar el libro mío, que está en la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar el libro clásico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to combine?  You're right to wonder how to accommodate two adjectives after the noun.  Answer: recast.  I can think of a few possible ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar el libro clásico, el mío, que está en la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar el libro mío, el clásico.  Está en la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar mi libro clásico, que está en la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a usar el libro mío, que está en la cocina.  Es el clásico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Note, Spanish has two verbs that both translate to &amp;quot;is&amp;quot;: one that essentially provides a definition, &amp;quot;El libro &lt;strong&gt;es azul&lt;/strong&gt;,&amp;quot; and one that describes a dynamic, changeable quality, &amp;quot;El libro está mojado&amp;quot;  | &lt;em&gt;The book is wet.&lt;/em&gt;  That's why I edited your question and changed &amp;quot;es&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;está.&amp;quot;  You will get to this pretty soon, I think, in your studies.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T13:50:48.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23483" CreationDate="2017-12-07T15:37:23.363" Score="0" ViewCount="32931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que tipo de palabras son los números? (Por ejemplo diez (10) ) Son los números sustantivos o adjetivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T17:08:14.630" Title="Son los números adjetivos o sustantivos?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-12-09T00:20:50.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23481" CreationDate="2017-12-07T15:41:19.467" Score="1" ViewCount="1276" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una decena es un conjunto formado por 10 unidades. Una centena es un conjunto formado por 100 unidades. Una quincena es un conjunto formado por quince unidades. Una trecena es un conjunto formado por trece unidades. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienen todos los números una palabra relacionada a ellos para referirse a un conjunto de esa cantidad de números?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T16:23:50.877" Title="Tienen todos los números una palabra relacionada para referirse a ellos como conjunto de unidades?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23480" CreationDate="2017-12-07T16:23:50.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No.&lt;/strong&gt; El nombre de estos conjuntos es &lt;strong&gt;sustantivos numerales colectivos o de grupo&lt;/strong&gt; (se los ve referidos en otras partes como &lt;strong&gt;números colectivos&lt;/strong&gt;). Existen para los primeros números naturales, para los primeros múltiplos de diez, para los múltiplos más grandes de diez con intervalos de seis órdenes de magnitud (&lt;em&gt;millón, billón, trillón...&lt;/em&gt;), y para unos pocos números culturalmente importantes como el 12 y el 15. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos tienen significados específicos y variantes. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;quincena&lt;/em&gt; no es sólo un conjunto de 15 cosas sino que se usa para designar la mitad de un mes y también el salario correspondiente; para el número 2 se usan &lt;em&gt;par&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pareja&lt;/em&gt; pero también &lt;em&gt;dúo&lt;/em&gt;, pero este último generalmente refiere a personas en una banda musical o algo similar; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de los casos los numerales colectivos (NC) son aproximativos, y muchas veces existe la ambigüedad cuando el NC va precedido a su vez por un numeral ordinal o por otro NC: si uno dice &lt;em&gt;una docena de huevos&lt;/em&gt; es probable que sean exactamente 12 huevos, pero &lt;em&gt;un par de docenas de personas&lt;/em&gt; es obviamente una estimación. Cuando el NC está en plural y sin determinación siempre es aproximado: &lt;em&gt;decenas de personas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;miles de mensajes&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Cuanto mayor el número mayor la imprecisión. Los hablantes no tenemos ningún motivo para crear y emplear palabras que designen, por ejemplo, conjuntos de 37 o de 1250 cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La NGLE tiene una sección bastante interesante &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pGEvgUkPmkEoNTIC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre los numerales colectivos&lt;/a&gt; (21.3), con algunos ejemplos específicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T16:23:50.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2017-12-07T16:45:31.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede sonar vulgar pero, en Cuba, cuando te dicen que &quot;estás comiendo lo que pica el pollo&quot;, te están llamando &quot;comemierda&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18351" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T19:57:08.410" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T19:57:08.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23479" CreationDate="2017-12-07T16:59:37.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de los números cardinales pueden ser adjetivos, sustantivos o incluso pronombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabes cuál es mi número favorito?  Es el &lt;strong&gt;diez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(sustantivo)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— ¡Qué coincidencia!  Tengo aquí &lt;strong&gt;diez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(adjetivo)&lt;/sub&gt; libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Hala! ¿Y son todos buenos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues, no.  &lt;strong&gt;Cinco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(pronombre)&lt;/sub&gt; son excelentes, pero los demás son pésimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los números partitivos solo se usan como sustantivos o adjetivos, y hoy en día casi siempre como sustantivos salvo en algunos casos como &lt;em&gt;medio&lt;/em&gt; que sigue disfrutando de mucho uso como tal.  Los números muy altos (&lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;billón&lt;/em&gt;, etc) funcionan solo como sustantivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los números ordinales, en contraste, se pueden usar como adjetivos (lo normal), adverbios (principalmente con números inferiores), o a veces sustantivos (aunque casi siempre por sustantivarse):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy, &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(adverbio)&lt;/sub&gt; vamos a hablar de la &lt;strong&gt;Primera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(adjetivo)&lt;/sub&gt; Guerra Mundial.  No abráis el libro al último capítulo que estudiamos, sino al &lt;strong&gt;primero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(adjetivo sustantivado)&lt;/sub&gt;, que es el que trata de esa guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T17:08:14.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23486" CreationDate="2017-12-07T17:28:04.307" Score="1" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Varias veces he visto la palabra &lt;em&gt;culto&lt;/em&gt; usada en una forma similar a la palabra &lt;em&gt;secta&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, cuando busco sus significados, no puedo encontrar ninguno que haga referencia a un grupo de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El más parecido que encontré en relación con tener una connotación religiosa es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/culto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;culto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Conjunto de actos y ceremonias en los que se expresa veneración y respeto a un ser divino o sagrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe entonces alguna definición que desconozca de la palabra &lt;em&gt;culto&lt;/em&gt; que pueda ser utilizado como sinónimo de la palabra &lt;em&gt;secta&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T22:29:31.477" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T22:30:14.517" Title="¿Pueden las palabras &quot;culto&quot; y &quot;secta&quot; ser sinónimos?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23474" CreationDate="2017-12-07T19:33:45.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DPD tiene en su entrada sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=tanto#6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tanto -ta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; una explicación para entender la frase &lt;em&gt;en tanto en cuanto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6. &lt;strong&gt;en tanto en cuanto&lt;/strong&gt;. Equivale a &lt;em&gt;en la medida en que&lt;/em&gt;. Esta locución comenzó a usarse en el lenguaje jurídico a finales del siglo xix y hoy se ha extendido a otros ámbitos: «Una ley tiene fuerza en tanto en cuanto es justa» (PBarba Filosofía [Esp. 1983]); «Esa mujer [...] será dócil en tanto en cuanto nadie la humille» (LTena Renglones [Esp. 1979]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la frase que mencionas, &lt;em&gt;en tanto en cuanto&lt;/em&gt; no podía sustituirse por &lt;em&gt;en la mediada en que&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, no fue correcto su uso y la corrección por &lt;em&gt;en cuanto&lt;/em&gt; era pertinente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T22:43:23.317" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:43:23.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23484" CreationDate="2017-12-07T19:56:37.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No son sinónimos, de hecho su uso como tal puede ser malentendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el problema radica en que no sean sinónimos en significado, sino que su uso similar ha llegado a homologarlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un culto se refiere a la practica y veneración, mientras que la secta es la organización de personas que las practican. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos son independientes los unos de los otros, pero para que haya una secta, debe haber como mínimo un culto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La iglesia (secta) cristiana y el cristianismo no son lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nazismo y la supremacía de la raza tampoco son lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T22:30:14.517" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T22:30:14.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-07T21:30:45.130" Score="0" ViewCount="639" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se aumenta 3 &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; 5 obtengo 8. Me interesa saber si &quot;por&quot; es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18353" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T02:14:03.160" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T10:59:40.177" Title="¿Qué preposición se puede usar con &quot;aumentar&quot; o &quot;incrementar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23487" CreationDate="2017-12-07T21:42:58.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar varias preposiciones dependiendo de cómo construyas la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías aumentar de 3 &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; 5, o de 3 &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; 5. Dado el ejemplo que planteas (que me suena un poco raro al oído) yo favorecería &lt;code&gt;con&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se aumenta 3 &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; 5 obtengo 8&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se aumenta 3 &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; 5 obtengo 8&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La preposición &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; suena muy forzada y rara en ese contexto. Usamos 'por` para multiplicaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tres &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; cuatro son doce&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Con el sentido de &amp;quot;tres &lt;strong&gt;veces&lt;/strong&gt; cuatro&amp;quot;) Por lo que alguien te podría decir, dado tu ejemplo, que &amp;quot;tres &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; cinco son quince, y no ocho&amp;quot; ya que podrían entender que intentas aumentar tres por cinco &lt;strong&gt;veces&lt;/strong&gt; (cinco veces tres). Por tanto, yo no favorecería el uso de esa preposición en esa situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T07:19:08.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23495" CreationDate="2017-12-07T22:26:34.453" Score="3" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcorredorerrante.com/2015/02/primeras-impresiones-strava-premium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Análisis Strava Premium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; habla de una aplicación que registra los ejercicios que uno hace, ya sea corriendo o en bici. Según cómo configures la cantidad de información que quieres compartir puedes hacer una cosa u otra, de ahí que se diga:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otra opción es generar un &quot;mapa de calor&quot; con los trazados que has recorrido a lo largo del tiempo (&lt;strong&gt;siempre que en preferencias tengas privacidad pública&lt;/strong&gt;), de forma superpuesta para consultarlos a posteriori y compartir con tus amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, señalo la frase &lt;em&gt;siempre que en preferencias tengas privacidad pública&lt;/em&gt; porque el uso de &lt;em&gt;privacidad pública&lt;/em&gt; lo entiendo, pero me suena fatal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, está hablando de que la aplicación permite definir que tu perfil sea público o privado. Y si se decide que sea público, permite hacer X cosa. Sin embargo, si analizamos la palabra en sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UD4g0KW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;privacidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Cualidad de privado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Ámbito de la vida privada que se tiene derecho a proteger de cualquier intromisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece que &lt;em&gt;privacidad&lt;/em&gt; no es algo adjetivable, sino algo absoluto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, &lt;em&gt;privacidad pública&lt;/em&gt; me parece que se usa erróneamente, pero no estoy seguro. ¿Es así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T21:03:22.693" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;privacidad pública&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23487" CreationDate="2017-12-08T10:59:40.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he oído &quot;en&quot;, y tiene sentido cuando el número deja de ser pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;aumentar &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; cinco unidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos en el contexto científico es ésta la que se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T10:59:40.177" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23492" CreationDate="2017-12-08T11:29:54.307" Score="1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that the present tense can express the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;simple present&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;present progressive tense&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;future event&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; if an adverbial expression of future time is included.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I have noticed that the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ella canta&lt;/strong&gt; is translated as either    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She sings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She is singing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the respective question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Canta ella?&lt;/strong&gt; is only translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does she sing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, can this also mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is she singing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly since  &lt;strong&gt;Ella canta mañana&lt;/strong&gt;  means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She will sing tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will &lt;strong&gt;¿Canta ella mañana?&lt;/strong&gt; mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Will she sing tomorrow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-06-26T15:03:46.423" LastActivityDate="2019-07-01T13:33:35.063" Title="Can a present progressive tense question be formed using the simple present?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23491" CreationDate="2017-12-08T12:13:39.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to both of your questions is yes. In fact for the future example I would say this sounds more natural than using the actual future tense itself. However what sounds natural to me does not always sound natural to our colleagues here (I am an L1 English speaker) but they will doubtless chip in if necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T12:13:39.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23493" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-08T12:32:56.437" Score="7" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dada la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;–¿Compro té o café?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible responderla con lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;–No té&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O la forma correcta (y única) de responder es esta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;–Café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18357" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T20:26:57.540" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T20:26:57.540" Title="¿Es posible responder a una pregunta con dos opciones negando una de ellas?" Tags="&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23498" CreationDate="2017-12-08T12:43:29.347" Score="3" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got this message in a chat from a Spanish speaking guy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Créeme que si vas a Colombia no te vas a querer ir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the meaning here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't want to leave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't want to go to Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13716" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-25T05:16:32.687" LastActivityDate="2019-10-25T05:16:32.687" Title="What does &quot;Créeme que si vas a Colombia no te vas a querer ir&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23489" CreationDate="2017-12-08T12:43:59.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Está claro que la privacidad no puede ser pública. Lo que me parece que ocurre en esa frase es que se ha reducido el texto y ha quedado uno de los extremos (perfil privado) como definitorio de la magnitud. Sería algo parecido a decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;altura baja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esta frase no es contradictoria como &quot;privacidad pública&quot; porque &quot;altura&quot; significa la dimensión. En cambio, &quot;privacidad&quot; no es una dimensión. La dimensión o medida podría ser &quot;grado de privacidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así las cosas, el texto &quot;expandido&quot; podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;siempre que en &quot;grado de privacidad&quot; diga/tengas/indique(s) &quot;nulo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;siempre que en &quot;tipo de perfil&quot; diga/tengas/indique(s) &quot;privado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observa que uso comillas para referirme a la función y el valor seleccionados en la aplicación. Si no, se produce una confusión semántica: la persona que usa la aplicación no tiene privacidad pública, sino que tiene el valor &quot;pública&quot; en el rubro &quot;privacidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu comentario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;privacidad no es algo adjetivable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el sustantivo &quot;privacidad&quot; a veces se usa como &quot;grado de privacidad&quot; y acepta adjetivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mucha / alta privacidad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poca / escasa privacidad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;privacidad extrema / total&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T21:03:22.693" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T21:03:22.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23494" CreationDate="2017-12-08T13:02:52.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;No vas a...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or its affirmative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vas a ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a very usual verb phrase to indicate a foreseeable behavior or reaction attributable to your interlocutor. To translate it, I'd use &quot;won't&quot; (or &quot;will&quot; in the affirmative) to express certainty:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you ever go to Colombia, believe me you &lt;strong&gt;won't feel like leaving.&lt;/strong&gt; (Créeme que si vas a Colombia no te vas a querer ir.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you ever go to Colombia, believe me you &lt;strong&gt;will feel like staying.&lt;/strong&gt; (Créeme que si vas a Colombia te vas a querer quedar.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T13:15:07.557" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T13:15:07.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23493" CreationDate="2017-12-08T13:08:36.080" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sólo podrías usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No té (una versión reducida de: &quot;No compres té&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si inmediatamente después agregas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... sino café.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma &quot;No té, sino café&quot; se usa para enfatizar: &quot;No A sino B&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí podrías decir en forma aislada es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Té, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso estás dejando en claro que no quieres té, pero no queda claro si quieres café u otra infusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T13:08:36.080" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23494" CreationDate="2017-12-08T13:08:49.550" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;you won't want to leave&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example of a radical change in meaning when a verb (in this case &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;) becomes pronominal. A pronominal verb is always accompanied by an object pronoun. It looks like a reflexive verb but it isn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; three times in your sentence, but the second one (the second &lt;em&gt;vas&lt;/em&gt;) is just part of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.leaflanguages.org/spanish-grammar-the-periphrastic-future-ira/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;periphrastic future&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;vas a hacer algo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;you're going to do something&quot;) so let's leave that one out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Créeme que si &lt;strong&gt;vas&lt;/strong&gt; a Colombia no te vas a querer &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the verb in its bare form, where it means &quot;to go&quot; in general. When found alone without a complement (such as &lt;em&gt;a Colombia&lt;/em&gt;) we tend to parse it as &quot;to go there, somewhere&quot;, that is, going to or towards some place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The infinitive &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the pronominal form; believe it or not the pronoun is &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;. This is sort of a complicated example because you have &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; subordinated to &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; in turn forming part of the periphrastic construction, but bear with me here. You could rephrase this as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Créeme que si &lt;strong&gt;vas&lt;/strong&gt; a Colombia no vas a querer &lt;strong&gt;irte&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing is (finally coming to the point), pronominal &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; doesn't mean &quot;to go&quot; in general, but &quot;to leave, to go away&quot;. That's why the sentence makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun is &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; because we're referring to the second person singular. If this were in the first person singular you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si voy a Colombia no me voy a querer ir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in the third person singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si va a Colombia no se va a querer ir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third person reflexive pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is the one that is customarily used to cite the pronominal verbs in textbooks. In this case we would say the verb is &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;. Dictionaries, however, might cite these simply with the bare infinitive and note that they are pronominal. The DLE, for example, conflates the two main meanings of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in its first entry for it, adding &quot;U. t. c. prnl.&quot;, which means &lt;em&gt;Úsase también como pronominal&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;Also used as pronominal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T13:08:49.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23442" CreationDate="2017-12-08T21:15:16.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que tienes 20 personas en una clasificación. Efectivamente, si contamos desde el final los tres primeros términos serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;último&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;penúltimo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;antepenúltimo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, es muy común usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por la cola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para continuar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuarto por la cola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quinto por la cola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde el enésimo por la cola se entiende como que está en la posición &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; empezando por detrás. Así, el último sería el primero por la cola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T21:15:16.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23514" CreationDate="2017-12-09T02:07:45.043" Score="4" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, let the organ roll, let the church bell ring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cause @walen this game is going to win!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta ocasión propongo volver a la rima, con el bonus que esta trae. La particularidad es que es una canción de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calipso_(m%C3%BAsica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calipso&lt;/a&gt;, cuya métrica de rima es A-A, B-B, C-C... Z-Z, es decir, cada rima dura 2 versos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprovechando el aniversario de la fecha y los bombos de la realeza británica actual, decidí traer una canción llamada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-x1vRJ91AY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Edward the VIII&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edward the VIII&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, llamada en otras versiones como &lt;em&gt;Love alone&lt;/em&gt;. Parte de su letra dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's love, love alone&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;that cause King Edward to leave his throne&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(...)Oh, what a sad disappointment&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;was endured by the British government&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;On the tenth of December, we heard the talk&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;that he gave the throne to the Duke of York&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(...)Oh, how Baldwin tried to break down his plan&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;he said, Come what may the American&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And if I can't get a boat to set me free&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;well, I will walk to Miss Simpson across the sea&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Scepter, robes and my crown is on my mind&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;but I cannot leave Miss Simpson behind&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(...)And if you see Miss Simpson walk in the street&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;she can fall an angel with her body beat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;448 Caracteres&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción propuesta viene con el bonus por rima asonante (5%), si se logra que la rima sea consonante, la reducción es del 10% de caracteres (se aproxima al número superior de caracteres)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por amor, solo fue por amor&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;que el Rey Eduardo su trono dejó&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(...) Que triste desilusión&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;la que gobierno británico sufrió&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;El diez de diciembre mandó la razón&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;que el reino quedaba para el Duque de York&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Y cuánto intentó Baldwin que en su plan cediese&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y al final dijo &amp;quot;cuánto puede la estadounidense&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Y si no conseguimos un barco para irnos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;pues con la señorita Simpson tomamos el mar de camino&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Por mi mente me siguen joyas, cetro y corona&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;pero a la señorita Simpson no la dejo sola&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(...) Es que si a la señorita Simpson la ven caminar&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;desde el cielo hasta un ángel se podría lanzar&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;455 caracteres - 5% de rima asonante = 433 caracteres&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T23:51:03.160" Title="Translation Golf XXVIII - An anniversary of a song alone" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-09T21:56:40.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23504" CreationDate="2017-12-09T11:05:24.137" Score="2" ViewCount="416" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone asks you a question on what do you have and you are trying to reply e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Tienes comida?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then suppose they don't have food, would they reply: &quot;No, no tengo comida.&quot;? Or &quot;No tengo comida.&quot;? &#xA;Or are both fine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17985" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T13:14:01.223" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T04:41:49.907" Title="&quot;No, no tengo&quot;, or just &quot;No tengo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23502" CreationDate="2017-12-09T11:14:53.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are fine. But the preferred way to say it is &quot;No tengo comida&quot;. Adding &quot;No&quot; in front of the sentence is unnecessary. You can get your point across w/o adding the No.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18364" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T11:14:53.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23502" CreationDate="2017-12-09T11:52:33.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a difficult question... I guess it all depends on the conetxt, and each person can see it differently. Some people uses the long one, some others don't. Of course both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I'd say &quot;no, no tengo&quot;. You omit &quot;comida&quot; because it is implicitly understood. This is the most equivalent form of &quot;No, I don't&quot;. In Spanish, you repeat the verb instead of using &quot;do&quot; (since there's no do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T11:52:33.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23502" CreationDate="2017-12-09T15:59:41.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Tienes comida?&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - Do you have food?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - No.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No tengo [comida].&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - I don't [have food].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;No, no tengo [comida].&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - No, I don't [have food].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T15:59:41.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21906" CreationDate="2017-12-09T18:11:29.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es llamativo que los diccionarios sobre el español estándar no incluyan una acepción muy común en Andalucía.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Echar cuentas&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien significa prestar atención, atender, tener en cuenta a otra persona cuando habla o actúa. Es una locución fraseológica construida a partir del verbo &quot;echar&quot;, no del verbo &quot;hacer&quot;. &#xA;Probablemente su origen se remonte a la sabiduría popular sobre los avatares o el destino de una persona, como &quot;echar las cartas&quot; a alguien. Pero es mera suposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T18:11:29.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23509" CreationDate="2017-12-09T22:41:39.830" Score="11" ViewCount="999" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently went on an extensive study abroad in Spain, and I had a wonderful host family who really went out of their way to help me learn the language. However, one thing I never understood, and this might be cultural, is why my Spanish host mother called me &quot;hijo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In context, this is just how she would usually address me. If I thanked her for something, she would reply &quot;nada hijo&quot;. Now directly, I would think this translates to &quot;it's nothing, son&quot;, which always seemed odd to me. My family recently hosted a girl from Germany and I can't imagine a situation where my mother (or most English speakers I know) would have addressed her as &quot;daughter&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe I'm misinterpreting the word or the culture, and I figure this would be the best place to find out which. Does the word translate literally, or is this just a common way to address someone who is staying with you as part of a host family situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18367" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T23:17:43.757" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T10:31:51.120" Title="Usage of the word &quot;hijo&quot; with non-family members" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22759" CreationDate="2017-12-09T23:20:39.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The modern periphrastic passive construction (&lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; + participle) comes from Latin, although at first it was used as a passive preterit: &lt;em&gt;amātus sum&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I was loved, I have been loved&quot;, and was then reanalyzed as present tense (&lt;em&gt;soy amado&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I am loved&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reflexive with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; also comes from Latin, where its use was broadened to include middle or mediopassive voice. The so-called &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; was &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=xLvCCgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA140&amp;amp;pg=PA110#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;already well established in medieval Spanish&lt;/a&gt;. This and the periphrastic construction were developed, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=220198&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to Félix Sepúlveda Barrios&lt;/a&gt;, in response to the loss of the synthetic Latin passive (&lt;em&gt;amor&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I am loved&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some studies do point out that evidence of a truly passive interpretation of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;-phrases in Latin is lacking, and that the medieval Spanish &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; was almost always used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/filoyletras/javel/Pasiva.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;with non-agentive subjects&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;se hacen cosas&lt;/em&gt;) while agentive subjects, if the intention was to show actual passive voice, preferred the periphrastic construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case this was eventually changed. Says a study &lt;a href=&quot;https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/6594/1/ELUA_05_12.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;about 15th century Spanish&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los gramáticos del español actual son unánimes a la hora de&#xA;  señalar que el español prefiere la construcción activa a la pasiva, y&#xA;  que la forma con &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; ha visto disminuido su empleo frente al aumento&#xA;  creciente de la pasiva refleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is: grammarians unanimously point out that Spanish prefers the active to the passive, and that the [periphrastic] form with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; has seen its use diminish before the increased use of the &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 15th century Spanish literature the periphrastic form appears most often, but this seems to be for stylistic reasons having to do with the recovery of forms closer to classical Latin. In popular speech the &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; must have been the most common one. (The author says this may have to do with the fact the Spanish lost the compound tenses conjugated with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, as found still in other Romance languages like French and Italian, in favor of a conjugation using only &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; as auxiliary. The forms with auxiliary &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;soy llegado&lt;/em&gt;, were syntactically similar to the periphrastic passive; as the former lost currency, so did the latter. Today we say &lt;em&gt;he llegado&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I have arrived&quot;, while French still says &lt;em&gt;je suis arrivé&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I am come&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the 17th century the &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; and the periphrastic passive construction were employed more or less as in modern Spanish. Sepúlveda Barrios studied texts in the &quot;journalistic&quot; style and in the &quot;colloquial&quot; style of theater, and found that the &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; won out in both, though much more markedly in the colloquial style. This seems to confirm the trend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of today, it is widely accepted that the periphrastic passive is often avoided in speech and informal registers, and most often found in technical, legal or otherwise formal writing. This does not mean that the periphrastic passive is either 1) to be avoided or 2) on its way to extinction. It does mean that it should be avoided by students of Spanish in informal speech, as it would sound stilted or unnatural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T23:20:39.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23507" CreationDate="2017-12-09T23:41:41.130" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not unusual in certain dialects of English for people to use &lt;em&gt;son&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;child&lt;/em&gt; affectionately to people under their care/whom they have some degree of authority over who aren't their actual child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/son#English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition 6 here&lt;/a&gt; (Witionary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A familiar address to a male person from an older or otherwise more authoritative person.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1984&lt;/strong&gt;, Bruce Springsteen (music), “Working on the Highway”, in &lt;em&gt;Born in the U.S.A.&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Son&lt;/strong&gt;, can't you see that she's just a little girl?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hijo&lt;/em&gt; is used analogously in some Spanish dialects to refer affectionately to a younger male by (usually) an older person; see &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/hijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition 4 here&lt;/a&gt; (Oxford):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;informal&lt;/em&gt; Apelativo que se utiliza para dirigirse a una persona, normalmente más joven, con la que se mantiene una relación de confianza o de superioridad de conocimientos y experiencia.&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mira hijo, ya estoy harta de tus bromas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T10:29:32.720" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T10:29:32.720" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23510" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-10T02:36:57.300" Score="0" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get used to using pronouns when I speak/write Spanish.  I'm trying to change the sentence &quot;Without the internet, we would be lost.&quot; to &quot;Without it, we would be lost.&quot;  Is it grammatically correct to say &quot;Sin la, estaríamos perdidos.&quot;?  Is the &quot;it&quot; a direct object in the sentence, or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize this probably has a really simple answer, but I couldn't find much of a clear answer while Googling.  Any responses are appreciated!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T14:39:18.430" Title="Which pronoun do I use?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23502" CreationDate="2017-12-10T04:36:27.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;No tengo&quot; is enough to get the point across, however let's consider when the extra &quot;no&quot; would commonly be included or omitted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have explained, the object (&lt;em&gt;comida&lt;/em&gt;) may be omitted in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As part of a longer utterance (for example, &quot;I'm sorry, I don't have any, but if you're hungry I can give you $5 to get yourself a sandwich&quot;), I might not use the extra &quot;no.&quot;  However, for a simple negative response, it is generally more natural to add the extra &quot;no&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This softens the message and makes it a bit more polite.  (Politeness is important in Spanish.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if I'm in a high-stress situation where the dialogue is terse, then the extra &quot;no&quot; would be more likely to be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(For intermediate Spanish learners who might be reading this, I'll comment that &quot;¿Tienes comida?&quot; is not as natural or idiomatic as &quot;¿Tienes algo de comer? | Do you have something to eat?&quot;).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T04:41:49.907" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T04:41:49.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23589" CreationDate="2017-12-10T18:50:37.177" Score="0" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés &quot;blow the whistle&quot; significa &quot;llamar la atención sobre algo a otras personas para evitar que algo malo suceda&quot;. ¿Hay alguna expresión para esta frase en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T20:09:21.743" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T14:43:52.653" Title="¿Hay alguna expresión en español para la frase en inglés &quot;blow the whistle&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12312" CreationDate="2017-12-10T18:50:59.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Old Spanish the form was &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ihesu_Xpisto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ihesu Xpisto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (pronounced &lt;em&gt;iesu cristo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[je.zuˈkɾis.to]&lt;/code&gt;), transcribed from the letterforms of the Ancient Greek &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Jesucristo#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ἰησοῦς Χριστός&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Iēsoûs Khristós&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the transliteration from the Greek, there is already &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocope&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apocope&lt;/a&gt; of (both words') final consonants. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Latin form itself, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Iesus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Iēsus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is declined in the genitive as &lt;em&gt;Iēsū&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there present a number of reasons this may have happened:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Normalisation of the Old Spanish phrase &lt;em&gt;Ihesu Xpisto&lt;/em&gt; to Spanish orthography.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of the genitive form of the Latin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syncope_(phonology)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Syncope&lt;/a&gt;/apocope that occasionally happens with the first word in Spanish compound words, e.g.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;alt&lt;s&gt;o&lt;/s&gt; y bajo &gt; altibajo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;veint&lt;s&gt;e&lt;/s&gt; y uno &gt; veintiuno&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;amig&lt;s&gt;o‎ n&lt;/s&gt;ovio &gt; amigovio&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;boc&lt;s&gt;a&lt;/s&gt; abajo &gt; bocabajo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;yesu / iesu / hiesu&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; has ambiguous value as a consonant, depending on Spanish dialect (sheísmo, zheísmo etc), though it has precedent as being used to transliterate semi-vowel/consonantal initial &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%A9cora_(%C3%81lava)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yécora&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (en euskera &lt;em&gt;Ekora&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Iekora&lt;/em&gt; y oficialmente &lt;strong&gt;Yécora/Iekora&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T10:20:26.533" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T10:20:26.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23501" CreationDate="2017-12-10T23:55:59.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;246 (234) 170 (153) 184 (175) 150 (135) 119 (113) 107 (97) 97 (88) 87 (79) 85 (77)&lt;/s&gt; 79 (72)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10/12.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Stan sin goce:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ed a&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Wallis va.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;De&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;pie&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;o a bote&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Rote&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;el Rey:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;de ley,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;al tato.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;¿Boato?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No: ella&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Yanqui bella!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;14 versos consonantes aa bb cc dd ee ff gg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T13:59:59.800" CommentCount="9" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-10T23:55:59.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23501" CreationDate="2017-12-11T08:00:39.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;123 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la porra la rima...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Colado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eduardo abdicó&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en Jorge&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  un 10/12.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lores&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  decepcionados&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y boicot inútil&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de Baldwin:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el rey se va&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como sea&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con la Simpson.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su gracia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  es más&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que el trono.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respuesta anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strike&gt;258&lt;/strike&gt; 190 * 0,9 (rima consonante) = &lt;strike&gt;233&lt;/strike&gt; 171 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9jtl8nd#404DBbN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Se coló&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eduardo, y abdicó.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué susto,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lord vetusto!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mes doce, día diez:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Jorge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jv4Frsm#M808CrT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ha&lt;/a&gt; la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=biPx6YF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vez&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Baldwin le quiso &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8SjHCJI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chafar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mas él no iba a parar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;O a la Simpson en barco&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  o a pie &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8cJKgH1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cruzo el charco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Corona, cetro y sayo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Por ella me desmayo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AVv8yPv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contoneo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  un ángel ateo.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T08:56:08.140" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T08:56:08.140" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-11T08:00:39.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23535" CreationDate="2017-12-11T08:37:01.470" Score="2" ViewCount="865" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay un anuncio de televisión (emitido en España) que se puede ver desde 2016 que defiende la planificación familiar, aconsejando el uso de medios de prevención (preservativos, píldora y demás) y que está patrocinado por Durex. Y contiene la siguiente frase (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una de cada tres mujeres &lt;strong&gt;sufrirá&lt;/strong&gt; a lo largo de su vida un embarazo no planificado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justo este fin de semana me di cuenta de una cosa. El uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YfNZupH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sufrir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se suele entender como algo malo. Las dos primeras acepciones hablan de &quot;sufrir un daño&quot;, aunque luego haya otras que &quot;simplemente&quot; signifiquen &quot;llevar algo con paciencia&quot;. En todo caso, parece que el verbo &lt;em&gt;sufrir&lt;/em&gt; lleva implícita una connotación negativa de un modo u otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es un embarazo no planificado algo que se &quot;sufra&quot;? Me explico: mi mujer y yo hemos encargado nuestros dos niños a la ciencia. Tras más de una década sin usar medios de prevención ha tenido que ser así. Por tanto, un embarazo espontáneo ahora mismo para nosotros desde luego no estaría planificado, pero eso no quiere decir que lo vayamos a sufrir, sino todo lo contrario. Y como este me imagino que habrá muchos casos de embarazos no planificados que más que &quot;sufrirlos&quot; sean una alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, para mí la frase es incoherente y debería ser redactada de otra forma, aunque eso es una opinión subjetiva que simplemente quería compartir con vosotros. Pero sin entrar en debates subjetivos, centrémonos en el verbo &lt;em&gt;sufrir&lt;/em&gt;: ¿es posible redactar frases que usen este verbo que prescindan por completo de las connotaciones negativas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T14:18:33.080" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T18:08:20.693" Title="¿Es posible usar el verbo &quot;sufrir&quot; en oraciones que prescindan por completo de connotaciones negativas?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23520" CreationDate="2017-12-11T12:28:03.587" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish translation for saying &quot;the time is....&quot;. I know most of the time, people just say, it is 2:30PM or something, but is there a direct translation from English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17985" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T14:28:06.507" Title="How to say &quot;the time is...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23519" CreationDate="2017-12-11T13:32:00.097" Score="7" ViewCount="527" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día se preguntaba &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23400/son-redundantes-las-acepciones-del-verbo-callar&quot;&gt;¿Son redundantes las acepciones del verbo “callar”?&lt;/a&gt; y yo tenía la sensación de que en el diccionario de la RAE muchas palabras tienen acepciones demasiado similares y otras veces faltan acepciones bastante obvias que sí incluyen otros diccionarios pero esto último sería otro debate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá en algunas de estas acepciones haya pequeños matices que se me escapan pero he visto una palabra con dos acepciones que yo diría que son exactamente iguales, solo cambia el orden de un par de palabras, aquí está:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=57tYdu7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;barrer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. Limpiar un lugar arrastrando la suciedad con algo como una escoba.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. Limpiar la suciedad de un lugar arrastrándola con algo como una escoba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene algún sentido mantener estas dos acepciones prácticamente idénticas? Incluso aunque hubiera una ligera diferencia ¿es suficiente para justificar una acepción más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T01:42:56.170" Title="¿Hay alguna diferencia sustancial entre las dos primeras acepciones de &quot;barrer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23518" CreationDate="2017-12-11T13:49:55.480" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues sí veo una diferencia, aunque es sutil, como dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción se enfoca en el lugar que se está limpiando. En este caso el lugar es quien recibe la acción. Ejemplo: Barrer el piso.&#xA;La segunda acepción, siguiendo con el ejemplo del piso, se concentra en lo que se quiere quitar de él, como podría ser basura u otra cosa que se quiera remover. Por ejemplo: ¡Barre esos trozos de vidrio roto que alguien se puede lastimar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los dos ejemplos de arriba en mente, se podría decir también que al &quot;barrer el piso&quot; significa barrer todo el piso, como una actividad de aseo rutinaria. Pero barrer &quot;algo&quot; del piso (por ejemplo los trozos de vidrio) puede significar barrer solamente donde ese &quot;algo&quot; está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T20:14:55.913" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T20:14:55.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23517" CreationDate="2017-12-11T14:28:06.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An option can be simply: &lt;em&gt;La hora es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My grandmother had a radio that said aloud the time by pressing a button. With a robotic voice, it was like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La hora es: 21 horas 20 minutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can infer this translation from the translation of the question when we want to know what time it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What time is it? -&gt; &lt;em&gt;¿Qué hora es?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and with that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the time is -&gt; &lt;em&gt;la hora es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as you and others have commented, the usual answer would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's 9:30 a.m -&gt; &lt;em&gt;Son las 9:30 a.m / Las 9:30 a.m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T14:28:06.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23524" CreationDate="2017-12-11T17:07:24.923" Score="2" ViewCount="1944" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read that when you have two verbs in a sentence the second one should be in the infinitive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I saw the line below (may well be incorrect in which case my question is moot). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; conjugated in the first person singular, &lt;em&gt;&quot;creo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but then we also have &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in the conjugated form &lt;em&gt;&quot;estoy&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, how is that? &lt;em&gt;Tratando&lt;/em&gt; is in the gerund form and &lt;em&gt;forzar&lt;/em&gt; in the infinitive form which seems in keeping with the rules I learnt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que estoy tratando de forzarlo -&gt; I think I am trying to force it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T18:17:24.000" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T23:07:15.860" Title="Sentence with more than one conjugated verb" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23512" CreationDate="2017-12-11T19:31:20.293" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se dice &amp;quot;soplar&amp;quot;  y a los que lo hacen se les dice &amp;quot;soplones&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien puede ser usado &amp;quot;chismoso&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;metiche&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YOpzdwI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YOpzdwI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Dicho de una persona: Que acusa en secreto y cautelosamente. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existe un coloquialismo en México llamado &amp;quot;ehar aguas&amp;quot;, que es para ayudar prevenir a alguien de que las cosas no salgan mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;voy a mover el mueble, echame aguas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo común para pedir ayuda de que le avise si algo se puede caer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;voy a brincarme la barda, echame aguas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para avisar de que no hay nadie a la deriva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T20:32:16.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23521" CreationDate="2017-12-11T20:07:49.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your rule says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When you have two verbs in a sentence the second one should be in the infinitive form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you were given this rule so that you wouldn't be tempted to try something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strike&gt;Creo estoy tratando de forzarlo.&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Creo estoy&quot; (two conjugated verbs in a row) does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a rule of thumb like this shouldn't be applied on autopilot.  For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los sábados limpio la casa y voy al supermercado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Limpio &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; voy&quot; -- that's fine, because they form a &lt;em&gt;list&lt;/em&gt; of two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in your case, &quot;Creo que estoy&quot; works because each verb is in its own clause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference explaining clauses in English (this concept holds in Spanish as well): &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One could refine the rule, I suppose, and make it &quot;When you have two verbs in a &lt;strong&gt;clause&lt;/strong&gt;, the second one should be in the infinitive form,&quot; but I'm not sure I would bother.  As you continue to build more complex sentences I doubt you'll need that rule any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T20:07:49.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23521" CreationDate="2017-12-11T20:35:11.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;If there are two verbs in a sentence the second one should be in the infinitive form&quot; is certainly not a rule that I would teach. Make that &quot;in some verb phrases a verb that is usually conjugated is followed by another verb that is in the infinitive form&quot;, and you'll have something that does work in some specific contexts, with some specific verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, it works in certain propositions where the main verb is &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;, and others, some of which an English speaker would analyze as modal verbs (&lt;em&gt;can, should, must&lt;/em&gt;) or as verbs that often take a subordinate verb (&lt;em&gt;want (to)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;try (to)&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No puedo creer lo que escucho.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I can't believe what I'm hearing.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo entenderte.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I think I understand you.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deberíamos dejarlo solo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;We should leave him alone.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Quieres entrar?&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Do you want to come in?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trataré de hablar con ella.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I will try to talk to her.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now your example says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que estoy tratando de forzarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually fairly complicated because there are three verbs and each one is subordinated to the previous one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creer&lt;/em&gt; is followed by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, indicating that what follows is a subordinate clause (as in English when preceded by an optional &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The subordinate clause, &lt;em&gt;estoy tratando de forzarlo&lt;/em&gt;, has a main verb &lt;em&gt;tratar&lt;/em&gt; in the &quot;present continuous&quot; pseudo-tense. &lt;em&gt;Tratar&lt;/em&gt; is commonly followed by another verb in the infinitive, subordinated using the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, just as in English you would use &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;try to…&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally there's the verb &lt;em&gt;forzar&lt;/em&gt; with a direct object pronoun attached to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each step you must know how the verb works with other verbs. &lt;em&gt;Creer&lt;/em&gt; is often followed by full subordinate phrases, and &lt;em&gt;tratar de&lt;/em&gt; is followed by infinitives, but the reverse can also be true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo &lt;strong&gt;estar tratando&lt;/strong&gt; de forzarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que estoy tratando de &lt;strong&gt;que se afloje&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;aflojar&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to loosen&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T23:07:15.860" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T23:07:15.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23149" CreationDate="2017-12-12T10:25:04.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;Google n-grams&lt;/em&gt; (que parece tener un corpus más amplio que el de &lt;em&gt;CORDE&lt;/em&gt;), las ocurrencias primeras registradas de cada palabra son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Currusco / churrusco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1852)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2O1FAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA684&amp;amp;dq=%22currusco%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Compendio del diccionario nacional de la lengua española, Volume 1&lt;/a&gt;, Ramon Joaquin Dominguez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CHURRUSCO, m. Pedazo de pan socarrado. || Currusco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuscurro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1847)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=h9DeaVxq5S4C&amp;amp;pg=PA289&amp;amp;dq=%22cuscurro%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;, D. y M.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuscurro, &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;, canterito de pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corrusco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1805)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DcEwAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22corrusco%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ensayo histórico-crítico sobre el orígen y progresos de las lengua: señaladamente del romance Castellano&lt;/a&gt;, Francisco Martínez Marina  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CORRUSCO, قرص &lt;em&gt;coruso&lt;/em&gt;, crustulum panis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Pero, aquí hay un corrusco de 1644 con una definición diferente:&lt;/s&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yyY-AAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA2-PA138&amp;amp;dq=%22corrusco%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tesoro de las tres lenguas, española, francesa y italiana&lt;/a&gt;, Girolamo Vittori&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Corruſco, add.ſplendente, &lt;em&gt;resplendiſſant&lt;/em&gt;, reſplandeciente.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/corrusco#Italian&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta&lt;/a&gt; es un homónimo/homógrafo italiano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparación de la frecuencia de las tres palabras en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=cuscurro%2Ccurrusco%2Ccorrusco&amp;amp;year_start=1780&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Google n-grams&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-03T16:11:16.027" LastActivityDate="2020-04-03T16:11:16.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23534" CreationDate="2017-12-12T11:46:39.623" Score="4" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basado en esta respuesta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23497/14936&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23497/14936&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siguiente contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Compro té o café?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Té, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queriéndose decir que no se compre té (es decir, que compre café) no me convence el hecho de que la respuesta lleve coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que la pregunta es:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es correcto el uso de la coma? y si es así, ¿de que tipo de coma se trata?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T19:32:37.110" Title="¿&quot;Té, no&quot; o &quot;Té no&quot;?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23434" CreationDate="2017-12-12T12:19:43.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que ya hay dos respuestas que dicen que depende del complemento directo al que sustituya, yo voy a decir que la diferencia es regional.&#xA;En España siempre se dice pasar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; bien/mal/como sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como no tengo ni idea del uso en otras regiones voy a suponer que fuera de España si que se puede usar pasarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T12:19:43.163" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23516" CreationDate="2017-12-12T12:27:57.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en el anuncio se está dando por hecho que la mayoría de los embarazos no planificados (¿no está mejor dicho &lt;em&gt;planeados&lt;/em&gt;?) son de hecho embarazos no deseados, como probablemente sea el caso. De todas formas sería interesante conocer las estadísticas para no confundir las categorías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá pueda tenerse por &quot;no planificado&quot; un embarazo como el que busca el OP, que es buscado pero que en verdad no se sabe si se producirá dentro de los plazos razonables o esperables para un embarazo. Es decir, se lo busca pero dadas las circunstancias no se lo puede planificar. Obviamente esto no justifica el uso de &lt;em&gt;sufrir&lt;/em&gt;. Un embarazo no buscado y no planificado puede causar algún trastorno pero no necesariamente es algo para sufrir (salvo en la acepción de &quot;permitir, aceptar&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O quizá haya que darle la vuelta a la lógica de la frase: si una mujer &lt;em&gt;sufre&lt;/em&gt; un embarazo no planificado, es precisamente porque el mismo fue no deseado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Experimentar&lt;/em&gt; habría sido mejor, ya que las connotaciones negativas de &lt;em&gt;sufrir&lt;/em&gt; son inescapables, incluso cuando el sujeto es abstracto (&lt;em&gt;El PIB sufrió una importante caída&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;La profesión periodística ha sufrido un gran desprestigio&lt;/em&gt;; etc.). He estado buscando ejemplos donde &lt;em&gt;sufrir&lt;/em&gt; tenga un significado al menos neutral y no he encontrado ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T14:35:56.740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T14:35:56.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23533" CreationDate="2017-12-12T13:51:16.993" Score="1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if this question should be added to my &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23521/sentence-with-more-than-one-conjugated-verb/23524#23524&quot;&gt;my previous question&lt;/a&gt; from yesterday or not so fogrive / tell me if that is the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that question I asked if it was always the case that when you have two verbs in a sentence the second one should be in the infinitive form. From which I learned that it was not the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the answers gave me this useful &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;webpage on clauses&lt;/a&gt;. So I was reading the example, the line below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara ate a cheese roll after she watched the news&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Tara ate a cheese roll is an independent clause. It works as a standalone sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The clause after she watched the news is a dependent clause. It does not work as a standalone sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to goolge translate (I am aware this is not always accurate) in Spanish the translation is the line below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara comió un rollo de queso después de ver las noticias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should the &quot;ver&quot; be vio or visto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T14:47:18.603" Title="when and when not to use the infinitive of a verb" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23532" CreationDate="2017-12-12T14:11:35.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiously the google translation is ok however as you suspected there are cases when you can use &lt;strong&gt;vio&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;visto&lt;/strong&gt; but the meanings are different and you have to add some things for the sentence to make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll give you the following examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara comió un rollo de queso &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; después &lt;strong&gt;vio&lt;/strong&gt; las noticias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tara comió un rollo de queso &lt;strong&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt;  después &lt;strong&gt;vio&lt;/strong&gt; las noticias.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two sentences translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara ate a cheese roll and after (that) she watched the news&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tara ate a cheese roll and afterwards   she watched the news  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So she ate and at a later time watched the news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara comió un rollo de queso &lt;strong&gt;y vio&lt;/strong&gt; las noticias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara ate a cheese roll and watched the news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example both actions are in the past but both happened probably at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara comió un rollo de queso,  después &lt;strong&gt;de haber visto&lt;/strong&gt; las noticias.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tara ate a cheese roll after having watched the news  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here she first watched the news and then ate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this doesn't really answer when to use infinitive but it gives you and idea of when to use the other two conjugations and it's too long to be a comment :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T14:47:18.603" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T14:47:18.603" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23528" CreationDate="2017-12-12T15:18:37.263" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La coma que reemplaza al verbo se llama &amp;quot;coma elíptica&amp;quot;. No es éste el caso, pues &amp;quot;compres&amp;quot; no aparecería en el lugar exacto donde está la coma, sino después de &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;. No decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Té compres no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Té, no compres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observemos que el uso de la coma persiste aun cuando está presente el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata, entonces, de una coma que algunos llaman &amp;quot;hiperbática&amp;quot;, puesto que es indicativa de la alteración del orden sintáctico considerado normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma_(puntuaci%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro uso es conocido como &lt;strong&gt;coma elíptica&lt;/strong&gt;, que es aquella que se utiliza para sustituir el verbo en los casos en que se omite porque ya se mencionó anteriormente o se sobreentiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pamela es libre; Patricia, también.&lt;/em&gt; (La coma sustituye a es.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Víctor es delgado; Pamela, alta.&lt;/em&gt; (La coma sustituye a es.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marcelo perdió su billetera; Juan, su mochila; Ricardo, la cámara.&lt;/em&gt; (La coma sustituye a &amp;quot;perdió&amp;quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La coma también se utiliza cuando se invierte el orden lógico de los complementos de la oración (&lt;strong&gt;coma hiperbática&lt;/strong&gt;). Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Con esta nevada, no llegaremos nunca.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto al punto 1.2.10. del DPD (gracias, walen, por tu aporte), observamos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a)  La prescindencia de la coma puede ser por brevedad del complemento circunstancial (“té” es complemento directo, por lo que no aplica la supresión de la coma en este caso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b)  Los casos de complementos directos (CD) enfáticos presentados van seguidos directamente por el verbo: &lt;em&gt;Vergüenza debería darte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único caso parecido al que nos compete (por haber un “no” detrás del CD), donde se dice que la coma es opcional, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•   Carne(,) no suelo comer mucha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si equiparamos este ejemplo al de OP, obtenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Comes carne o verdura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Carne(,) no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que nos ocupa, me parece que, además de la presencia de “no”, el imperativo vuelve más deseable la coma, puesto que la oración enunciativa: “Carne no como” fluye mejor que “Té no compres”. Mi impresión es que la posición inicial habitual del imperativo vuelve más extraño el CD antepuesto, y eso hace que se haga necesaria una pausa y, por ende, que sea conveniente una coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, ante las dudas de Brian (ver comentarios), he hecho la siguiente consulta a elcastellano.org (volveré cuando tenga una respuesta):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré esta pregunta y respuesta en la Web:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coma antes del adverbio de negación no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P: ¿Es preceptivo colocar una coma antes del adverbio de negación no cuando este finaliza la oración? Por ejemplo: &amp;quot;el 30 % de la gente lo cree necesario y el 70% no&amp;quot;. Muchas gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;R: La coma tiene entre otros usos el de reemplazar a un verbo ya nombrado anteriormente para no repetirlo, por ejemplo: Yo traeré las bebidas y el pan para la fiesta y María, la carne y las ensaladas. La coma reemplaza a traerá: Yo traeré las bebidas y el pan para la fiesta y María traerá la carne y las ensaladas. El ejemplo de su consulta se entiende de esta manera: El 30% de la gente lo cree necesario y el 70% de la gente no lo cree necesario. En este caso no se coloca la coma, puesto que esta no se requiere para reemplazar al verbo, aquí solo se está truncando la oración: El 30% de la gente lo cree necesario y el 70% no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, mi pregunta es la siguiente: cuando,  además de la elisión del verbo, hay alteración del orden sintáctico, ¿corresponde o no la coma antes de no? Supongamos que alguien pregunta: ¿Compro té o café? Y se responde: Té, no. Mi entendimiento es que la coma es correcta. Inclusive visualmente &amp;quot;Té no&amp;quot; me resulta chocante. Sólo puedo imaginar &amp;quot;no&amp;quot; detrás del complemento directo en eslógans como: Paz sí, guerra no. Me gustaría conocer su opinión. Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T19:32:37.110" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23516" CreationDate="2017-12-12T18:08:20.693" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi granito de arena:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para convertirse en mariposa, la oruga &lt;strong&gt;sufre&lt;/strong&gt; un impresionante proceso llamado metamorfosis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Extraído de: &lt;a href=&quot;http://zoouniverso.blogspot.com/2012/03/como-se-trasforman-las-orugas-en.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Cómo se trasforman las orugas en mariposas?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A diferencia del camaleón, la oruga &lt;strong&gt;sufre&lt;/strong&gt; un proceso lento de metamorfosis donde, pese a su forma inicial,  en sus genes está implícita la mariposa, aunque sin embargo deba primero evolucionar de oruga a crisálida para al fin completar el proceso que la vuelve adulta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Extraído de: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jmlucero.com/comunicacion/el-camaleon-o-la-oruga-una-breve-analogia-para-repensar-el-cambio-en-los-medios-y-el-periodismo-en-internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿El camaleón o la oruga?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &amp;quot;sufrir&amp;quot; en este contexto no implica necesariamente que la oruga &lt;em&gt;sufra&lt;/em&gt; debido a los cambios (en el sentido de las muchas acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YfNZupH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sufrir&lt;/a&gt;: de lo físico a lo moral o a permitir/resistir/tolerar). El uso en este contexto tiene el sentido de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HIutMRm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;experimentar&lt;/a&gt; (Recibir una modificación, cambio o mudanza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente no es el sentido en la frase de ejemplo, pero esto sirve de muestra para ver usado &lt;code&gt;sufrir&lt;/code&gt; con connotaciones diferentes a las dadas por las definiciones del diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es por supuesto subjetivo. Al decir que &amp;quot;la oruga &lt;strong&gt;sufre&lt;/strong&gt; una metamorfosis&amp;quot; le damos un carácter más catárquico al asunto. La transformación puede no ser placentera, pero acaba convertida en bellísima mariposa. Si por el contrario decimos que &amp;quot;la oruga &lt;strong&gt;experimenta&lt;/strong&gt; una metamorfosis&amp;quot;, hay menos (o ninguna) connotación de &amp;quot;la transformación es incómoda&amp;quot; en algún sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el uso de &amp;quot;sufrir&amp;quot; con el sentido que tiene &lt;code&gt;experimentar&lt;/code&gt; (ser el receptor de cierta experiencia) va cargado de las connotaciones negativas del verbo sufrir (aunque esas connotaciones, son subjetivas, especialmente en distintos contextos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, porque todos no los estamos preguntando llegados a este punto, no se sabe si la oruga sufre dolor con su metamorfosis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma análoga, se puede decir que un compuesto químico (que no creo que sea capaz de experimentar dolor) puede &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=dxxBtJF_IXYC&amp;amp;pg=PA62&amp;amp;lpg=PA62&amp;amp;dq=planta%20sufre%20transformaciones&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=qn2a3XZajf&amp;amp;sig=n-PQ29idkjegd9TduBHw1mImngg&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj95N-FhIXYAhVJkRQKHQLUDakQ6AEIQTAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=planta%20sufre%20transformaciones&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sufrir una transformación química&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. Aquí entiendo que la connotación, si acaso, es más bien que &amp;quot;el cambio llega impuesto&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que no es del todo objetivo, pero considero que podría argumentarse que hay usos de &amp;quot;sufrir&amp;quot;, cuando se usa como sinónimo de experimentar, en los que la connotación puede no ser &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; negativa, pero en cualquier caso al elegir esa palabra sobre otras le das el matiz negativo a la acción (molesto, no deseado, impuesto, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T18:08:20.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23537" CreationDate="2017-12-12T22:17:05.233" Score="7" ViewCount="7196" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión la conozco desde que tengo memoria, sin embargo apenas caigo en cuenta de que ni siquiera sabía el significado literal de la palabra tintero. Pensaba que se refería a algún recipiente donde se servía &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zo7qIdO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tinto&lt;/a&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;Col. y Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Infusión de café negro.); y que dejar algo en el tintero significaba que un poco de café quedaba en el fondo del recipiente luego de servirlo. Busqué en el DLE y veo el significado de tintero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Znrjcvd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tintero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Recipiente en que se pone la tinta de escribir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya con esto aclarado, se puede ver que existe una entrada allí mismo para la expresión que pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Znrjcvd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dejar, o dejarse, alguien algo en el tintero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Olvidarlo u omitirlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué dejar algo en un recipiente que contiene tinta equivale a olvidarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa que me causa curiosidad es si el significado ha sido el mismo. Por ejemplo, en el CORDE se puede encontrar ejemplos algo antiguos de la expresión, pero me da la sensación de que no se usaba con el mismo sentido que hoy en día:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡A lobos spantan los muchos ladridos!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis perros se an visto en grandes quistiones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;contra Águilas fieras y brauos Leones. *&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Euandro. &amp;quot;Dexo en el tintero que fueron vençidos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(Francisco de Madrid, 1495, Égloga)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo eso lo interpreto, sin entender todas las palabras, como: &amp;quot;dejo constancia que fueron vencidos&amp;quot; ¿O tiene desde ese entonces el significado de omitir/olvidar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T09:00:57.223" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;dejar/quedarse algo en el tintero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23536" CreationDate="2017-12-12T22:41:43.253" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que se deja en el tintero es tinta que no se usa, es decir, figurativamente, aquellas cosas que podrían haber sido escritas pero no lo fueron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si damos un paso figurativo más, podemos ampliar el ámbito de significado y decir que &quot;lo que no fue escrito&quot; incluye también &quot;lo que no fue dicho, lo que no quedó establecido, lo que se dejó de hacer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas cosas no hechas pueden haber quedado así deliberadamente (es decir, por decisión del autor, quizá obligado por las circunstancias), o inadvertidamente (es decir, sin que el autor se diera cuenta hasta más tarde). En ambos casos algo &quot;se queda en el tintero&quot;, o sea, no es puesto por escrito (o no es dicho o hecho). Para mí la expresión tiene la connotación de que ese algo podría haber sido posible pero algo lo impidió, generalmente el tiempo o el espacio disponible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que añadir que, en efecto, hay ejemplos antiguos que parecen tener otro significado, o varios otros, pero quizá esto sea lo habitual cuando una expresión figurativa es relativamente nueva. Los ejemplos posteriores ya tienen todos claramente el significado actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T15:44:26.540" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T15:44:26.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3609" CreationDate="2017-12-12T23:21:52.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Añado esta referencia de acuerdo con lo indicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones&lt;/a&gt;. Edita libremente para incluir la versión de tu país o región.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a lo de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy donde mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a casa de mi abuela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy a casa de abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;España - Andalucía&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &quot;ancá&quot; mi abuela. (No muy común.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;España - Galicia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a la de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a casa de mi abuela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy con mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No muy común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a con mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;México - Nayarit y Jalisco&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a lo de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;México - Sonora&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy enque mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;México norte (especialmente Monterrey)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy &quot;ancá&quot; mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Uruguay&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a lo de mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy donde mi abuela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy a que mi abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-22T06:56:49.737" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T06:56:49.737" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-13T23:16:55.570" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23540" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23543" CreationDate="2017-12-13T08:26:56.947" Score="3" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien dicha la siguiente pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿De qué estábamos hablando antes de que se cortara la llamada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del imperfecto del subjuntivo me parece extraño en este contexto, dado que la cortada tuvo lugar, no era prevista, y además porque &quot;de qué estabamos hablando&quot; no dependía de ninguna manera de ella. Usar &quot;cortó&quot; en vez de &quot;cortara&quot; me parece más correcto. Sin embargo, se lo he preguntado a varios amigos hispanoparlantes y están totalmente de acuerdo en contra de mi opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17936" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T09:35:53.357" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T10:19:01.970" Title="Imperfecto del subjuntivo describiendo un evento real" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23540" CreationDate="2017-12-13T09:27:53.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antes de que siempre indica la expectación de algo en cualquier tiempo aún cuanda tuvo lugar porque en el pasado el telephono no habia sido colgado y estaba solo una posibilidad. Por lo tanto require sujunctivo en todos casos. Del otro lado, después de que solo usa el subjunctivo en el futuro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T10:19:01.970" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T10:19:01.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23546" CreationDate="2017-12-13T09:31:09.637" Score="2" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;He notado (por mi cuenta) que las preguntas sobre hechos futuros sólo usan el indicativo. Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Bueno... todo esto suena muy sospechoso, pero no te preocupes. Oye,&#xA;  ¿&lt;strong&gt;cuándo vuelves&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, Julio. Soy Manuela. Mira, tengo una foto maravillosa de Javier&#xA;  Bardo. No de la entrevista. En la calle. Una foto fantástica.&#xA;  -Excelente. &lt;strong&gt;¿Cuándo la traes?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay una razón, regla o explicación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T11:19:40.153" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:53:31.553" Title="¿Por qué no se usa el subjuntivo en preposiciones del futuro cuando el verbo está en una pregunta?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23540" CreationDate="2017-12-13T09:34:32.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con tus amigos en que lo correcto es usar el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la Nueva Gramática de la RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGUZAkDawmpPpiHm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puntos 24.9i al 24.9k&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.9i&lt;/strong&gt; (...) Las partículas [&lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt;] coinciden con &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt; en rechazar los futuros y los condicionales, pero (...) neutralizan en un gran número de contextos los tiempos simples (&lt;em&gt;antes de que muera&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;después de que amaneciera&lt;/em&gt;) y los compuestos (&lt;em&gt;antes de que haya muerto&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;después de que hubiera amanecido&lt;/em&gt;). Por otra parte, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; se construye con subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt; admite los dos modos (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.9j&lt;/strong&gt; Si V1 pertenece a la esfera del presente, en V2 aparece «&lt;em&gt;antes (de) que&lt;/em&gt; + CANTE o HAYA CANTADO»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habrá&lt;/strong&gt; muchas más personas infectadas antes de que &lt;strong&gt;remita&lt;/strong&gt; la epidemia (&lt;em&gt;Universo&lt;/em&gt; 8/12/2003); Piensan que no lo &lt;strong&gt;hará&lt;/strong&gt; antes de que &lt;strong&gt;haya transcurrido&lt;/strong&gt; una hora (Tomeo, &lt;em&gt;Mirada&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si V1 pertenece a la esfera del pasado, en V2 aparecen pretéritos imperfectos&lt;/strong&gt; o pluscuamperfectos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salieron&lt;/strong&gt; antes de que &lt;strong&gt;terminara&lt;/strong&gt; la comunión (Martínez Salguero, &lt;em&gt;Combate&lt;/em&gt;); Fueron los únicos periodistas que &lt;strong&gt;tuvieron&lt;/strong&gt; acceso a Salinas antes de que el ex presidente &lt;strong&gt;diera&lt;/strong&gt; fin a su ayuno (&lt;em&gt;Proceso&lt;/em&gt; [Méx.] 27/10/1996); Por la mañana se &lt;strong&gt;despertó&lt;/strong&gt; antes de que &lt;strong&gt;hubiera amanecido&lt;/strong&gt; (Tomás, &lt;em&gt;Orilla&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.9k&lt;/strong&gt; Se registra en estas construcciones el uso de CANTE por CANTARA (...). En el español general de hoy se prefiere &lt;em&gt;naciera&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;naciese&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;nazca&lt;/em&gt; en el primero de los textos que siguen, y &lt;em&gt;entrara&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;entrase&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;entre&lt;/em&gt; en el segundo. &lt;strong&gt;El pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo es pues, la opción recomendada en ambos casos&lt;/strong&gt;, de acuerdo con la correspondencia de tiempos presentada en el § 24.1a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Felisa comenzó a trabajar conmigo justo antes de que &lt;em&gt;nazca&lt;/em&gt; la más chiquitita (CREA oral, Bolivia); Tanto la compra como el embarque de las unidades se realizaron antes de que &lt;em&gt;entre&lt;/em&gt; en vigencia el dispositivo (&lt;em&gt;Caretas&lt;/em&gt; 20/3/1997).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu ejemplo es exactamente el caso anterior: una construcción con &lt;em&gt;antes de que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué &lt;strong&gt;estábamos&lt;/strong&gt; hablando &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antes de que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se &lt;strong&gt;cortara&lt;/strong&gt; la llamada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acción de referencia V1 es &amp;quot;estábamos&amp;quot;, pasado; por tanto, a la acción V2 introducida por &amp;quot;antes de que&amp;quot; le corresponde el imperfecto de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que, si estuvieras usando &lt;em&gt;después&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt;, entonces el uso que propones sí sería correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;dijiste&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;después de que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se &lt;strong&gt;cortó&lt;/strong&gt; la llamada?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;dijiste&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;después de que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se &lt;strong&gt;cortara&lt;/strong&gt; la llamada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas opciones son válidas (tienes ejemplos en el punto &lt;strong&gt;24.9l&lt;/strong&gt; que aparece tras los indicados, en el mismo enlace).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T09:34:32.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23564" CreationDate="2017-12-13T10:38:09.317" Score="2" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Cuando fui mortal&lt;/em&gt; por Javier Marías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo único que me alertó ya entonces fue que, según me contó Silvia&#xA;  entre risas, odiaba todo lo español, por lo que tal vez ella tendría&#xA;  que seguir viéndome en los cafés y los cines cuando estuviera en&#xA;  París.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, reconozco que hay un ejemplo del futuro del pasado, pero yo he aprendido que las preposiciones de tiempo solo usan subjuntivo en el futuro. Por lo tanto me pregunto: ¿es un error gramatical? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T13:32:27.140" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T13:32:27.140" Title="¿Es este uso de subjuntivo en el pasado preposicional un error? &quot;... tendría que seguir... cuando estuviera en París&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:45:55.800" Score="7" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para esta pregunta me viene de perlas que hoy sea día trece, aunque habría sido mejor martes y trece, o viernes trece. Veréis, la &lt;em&gt;triscaidecafobia&lt;/em&gt; (no la busquéis en el DRAE que no viene) es el miedo irracional al número 13.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;triscaidecafobia&lt;/strong&gt; (del griego τρεισκαιδέκα, &lt;em&gt;treiskaideka&lt;/em&gt;, «trece» junto con φοβία, &lt;em&gt;fobía&lt;/em&gt;, «miedo») es el miedo irracional al número 13. Se considera normalmente una superstición. La fobia específica al viernes 13 se llama &lt;em&gt;parascevedecatriafobia&lt;/em&gt; (la &lt;em&gt;Parasceve&lt;/em&gt; es la preparación de la Pascua), &lt;em&gt;collafobia&lt;/em&gt;, o bien &lt;em&gt;friggatriscaidecafobia&lt;/em&gt; (la palabra &lt;em&gt;Friday&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;viernes&amp;quot; en inglés, procede del nombre de la diosa vikinga Frigga). El miedo al martes 13 se llama &lt;em&gt;trezidavomartiofobia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triscaidecafobia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;triscaidecafobia&lt;/em&gt; en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo cita algunos posibles orígenes para tal superstición y complementa el artículo con fobias similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;tetrafobia&lt;/strong&gt; es el miedo al número 4 (la palabra japonesa shi (死) quiere decir muerte, y se pronuncia igual que el 4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;la &lt;strong&gt;hexakosioihexekontahexafobia&lt;/strong&gt; es el miedo irracional al &amp;quot;666&amp;quot;, el &amp;quot;número de la bestia&amp;quot;, ligado al Anticristo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Italia el número de la mala suerte es el 17. Esto se debe a que el 17, en números romanos, se escribe XVII. Reordenando sus letras podemos escribir VIXI, que en latín significa &amp;quot;viví&amp;quot;, es decir, &amp;quot;mi vida es pasado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto está extraído de ese enlace de Wikipedia, pero es corroborable en otros sitios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El 88 (ochenta y ocho) es otro de esos números &lt;em&gt;chungos&lt;/em&gt;. Si a cada letra del abecedario se le asigna un número, empezando por la A, el número 88 equivaldrá a &amp;quot;HH&amp;quot; (código muy utilizado por los seguidores del nazismo, que significa &amp;quot;Heil Hitler!&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta aversión es menos extendida. Sin embargo, como os podéis imaginar, personas que han nacido en 1988 tienden a favorecer esa pareja de números al crear alias para internet. Por ejemplo, Fulano88@gmail.com o Menganito88 como alias/nick en un sitio de internet. Luego, hay gente que les reprocha su (inexistente) respaldo, apoyo o adherencia al nazismo, pensando que ese 88 significa algo que no es, y claro: estos pobres usuarios flipan de que sin venir a cuento les tachen de nazis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: de manera análoga a lo que ocurre con el 13, 4 y 666, ¿cómo se llama la aversión al número 88?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T08:44:24.997" Title="¿Cómo se llama la aversión al número 88?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23542" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:53:31.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El nombre del modo subjuntivo tiene de hecho que ver con el hecho de que el mismo &lt;strong&gt;aparece (casi) únicamente en proposiciones subordinadas&lt;/strong&gt;. Notablemente, el modo equivalente en otras lenguas se llama también &quot;conjuntivo&quot; porque aparece siempre &lt;strong&gt;junto&lt;/strong&gt; a otra proposición (a la cual queda subordinado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Es debatible el caso de oraciones desiderativas como &lt;em&gt;«Hubieras avisado antes»&lt;/em&gt;, que pueden tratarse como elipsis de &lt;em&gt;«Desearía que hubieras avisado antes»&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es correcto decir que el modo indicativo sea el único usado para preguntar sobre el futuro. Sí es correcto decir que se usa el presente de indicativo para preguntar &lt;strong&gt;sobre un futuro que se presupone que ocurrirá con certeza&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«¿Cuándo vuelves?»&lt;/em&gt; (implica o sugiere que vas a volver, con total seguridad, a cierta hora). O bien &lt;em&gt;«¿Cuándo la traes?»&lt;/em&gt;, que sugiere que vas a traerme la foto (que no te negarás a traerla y que lo harás en algún momento definido del futuro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El futuro simple del indicativo también puede aparecer en esta clase de preguntas, pero muchas veces se utiliza con valor de incertidumbre o &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20Linguistik/f/FUTURO%20DE%20PROBABILIDAD.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;probabilidad&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«¿Cuándo volverás?»&lt;/em&gt; (que yo escucharía como «tengo dudas de que vayas a volver, necesito que me digas aproximadamente cuándo vas a volver»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede usar el condicional, con o sin condición explícita: &lt;em&gt;«¿Cuándo volverías (si salieras ahora mismo)?»&lt;/em&gt;. O en el segundo ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;«¿Cuándo la traerías (si te la pidiera)?»&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso se está preguntando por un futuro que depende de otras cosas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:53:31.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23545" CreationDate="2017-12-13T12:12:19.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la vista de los ejemplos, la norma para formar este tipo de neologismos parece ser: número en griego + &lt;em&gt;-fobia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/el/ochenta%20y%20ocho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según el traductor de Google&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;ochenta y ocho&quot; en griego se dice &lt;em&gt;ogdónta októ&lt;/em&gt; (ογδόντα οκτώ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la palabra (técnica) para designar el miedo al número 88 podría ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ogdontaoctofobia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplificando un poco la pronunciación, podríamos usar &lt;em&gt;ogdontoctofobia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;odontaoctofobia&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;odontoctofobia&lt;/em&gt;, aunque el prefijo &quot;odonto-&quot; de las dos últimas opciones suele estar relacionado con los dientes así que no me convence mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:12:19.423" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23549" CreationDate="2017-12-13T13:54:31.240" Score="3" ViewCount="3343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre pensé que &quot;palabra&quot; en un lenguaje se refería a un carácter o conjunto de caracteres que tienen un significado, y que por otra parte, &quot;término&quot; era un conjunto de palabras que tienen un significado (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;fútbol americano&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ser estas definiciones correctas, una palabra sería sólo una &quot;palabra&quot;, pero no un &quot;término&quot;. ¿Es esto así? ¿O &quot;palabra&quot; y &quot;término&quot; pueden ser sinónimos en alguno de sus significados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T14:51:09.050" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T16:01:01.260" Title="¿Son &quot;palabra&quot; y &quot;término&quot; sinónimos en alguno de sus significados?" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23548" CreationDate="2017-12-13T15:02:56.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Partes de unas definiciones que no parecen del todo correctas. El DLE define&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RUl938s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;palabra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. &lt;strong&gt;Unidad lingüística&lt;/strong&gt;, dotada generalmente de significado, que se separa de las demás mediante pausas potenciales en la pronunciación y blancos en la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZZ0hKcs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;término&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8. m. &lt;strong&gt;palabra&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ &lt;strong&gt;unidad lingüística&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que, en esas acepciones, sí son sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T15:15:04.310" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T15:15:04.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23558" CreationDate="2017-12-13T15:21:54.743" Score="12" ViewCount="2961" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy, jocosamente, he usado la expresión &quot;ayuda abuelil&quot; para indicar que necesitaba ayuda de los abuelos. Y ya me he quedado pensando en si realmente existe ese término. Usando el DIRAE he podido localizar los siguientes términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Adjetivo   Parentesco al que se refiere&#xA;---------------------------------------&#xA;Paterno    Padre&#xA;Materno    Madre&#xA;Parental   Padres&#xA;Filial     Hijos&#xA;Fraterno   Hermanos&#xA;Sororal    Hermana&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no encuentro ninguna palabra para el mismo adjetivo pero aplicado a los abuelos. He usado en la expresión inventada el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KxNcOUu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-il&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (forma adjetivos que suelen indicar relación o pertenencia), aunque lo mismo podría haber usado &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3NNxyGS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (en los adjetivos significa condición o pertenencia) como en el resto de adjetivos similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es: ¿existe, aunque no esté recogida por el DLE, alguna palabra que signifique &quot;perteneciente o relativo a los abuelos&quot; que se haya usado previamente en la literatura? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:34:22.703" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra que signifique &quot;perteneciente o relativo a los abuelos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23548" CreationDate="2017-12-13T16:01:01.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De ser estas definiciones correctas, una palabra sería sólo una &quot;palabra&quot;, pero no un &quot;término&quot;. ¿Es esto así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contestanto esta parte de la pregunta, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;amp;pid=S0718-09342008000200002&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este texto&lt;/a&gt;, perteneciente a un discurso de incorporación a la Academia Chilena de la Lengua, se podría concluir que tienes razón en tu argumentación. Aunque todo el texto habla de las diferencias y simulitudes entre &quot;término&quot; y &quot;palabra&quot;, esta parte hace claridad repecto a la diferencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término, en este contexto, es el nombre o designación de un concepto en un campo temático particular. Puede tratarse de una palabra del lenguaje general que adopta un sentido especializado, una palabra creada con un sentido especializado, un sintagma o grupo de palabras con un sentido único y especializado, un símbolo, una fórmula química o matemática, un nombre científico en latín o en griego, un acrónimo, una sigla, la denominación o título oficial de un cargo, organismo o entidad administrativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se agregan más explicaciones respecto a lo que distingue a un término de una palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;su relación unívoca (fenómeno denominado monosemia) con el concepto especializado que designa en un campo del saber específico;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;la estabilidad de la relación entre la forma léxica con que se designa a un concepto y el contenido semántico que ella porta (fenómeno denominado lexicalización);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;la frecuencia de su uso y su entorno contextual (co-ocurrencia) relativamente fijo (lo que se conoce como fraseología);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;los indicadores tipográficos (cursiva, negrita, comillas, etc.) con que se marcan en un texto;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;la existencia de un conjunto más bien limitado de estructuras morfológicas y léxicas: por lo general suelen ser sustantivos (simples, derivados o compuestos), como, por ejemplo, “telecomunicaciones”, aunque en ocasiones los términos también pueden ser verbos, “telecopiar”, adjetivos o sintagmas nominales, “Organización Internacional del Trabajo”, verbales o adjetivales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T16:01:01.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-13T16:01:11.373" Score="4" ViewCount="852" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy tratando de encontrar una frase en español que transmita un mensaje equivalente al de &lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm going to rock your world&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase en inglés quiere decir que vas a cambiar, para mejorar, el mundo de una persona. Se utiliza normalmente cuando estás a punto de transmitir un mensaje que mejorará la vida de una persona significativamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: No estoy buscando una traducción palabra por palabra, eso lo puedo hacer yo, pero no tiene el mismo impacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7048" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T16:08:16.937" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T21:37:40.543" Title="¿Cuál es la frase equivalente a &quot;I'm going to rock your world&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23444" CreationDate="2017-12-13T16:27:43.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando y buscando, incluso pensando que el tal padre Cobos podría ser un personaje real (tal vez se refiriera a alguien real cuando la expresión era &lt;em&gt;indirecta de Cobos&lt;/em&gt;), y lo único que he encontrado es un texto de mediados del siglo XIX, que dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=LmqAAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA348&amp;amp;dq=%22padre%20cobos%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiH2r_7rofYAhXIJuwKHR3JBggQ6AEIODAD#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22padre%20cobos%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tal que así&lt;/a&gt; (adapto el texto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Y explicaré por fin las indirectas del P. Cobos, aunque esta es de aquellas cosas que por sabidas se callan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Había un padre guardián, no sé dónde, que como todos se tomaba unas jícaras de chocolate de padre y muy señor mío. Un amigote del fraile, aficionado al chocolate dio en visitarle a menudo y siempre a la hora en que se tomaba su paternidad el chocolate, el cual padre era tan fino que siempre mandaba hacer otra jícara para el amigo. Pero como el amigo estuvo abusando de la bondad del padre días y más días, hubo este de quejarse del amigo pegotón a lo cual contestó el lego que quedaba de su cuenta echarle una indirectilla para hacerle perder la costumbre. Convino el padre guardián, y notó que el amigo no volvía por el convento, y deseoso de saber la indirecta del lego, que se llamaba el P. Cobos, le preguntó al cabo de quince días, qué había dicho a su amigo que no había vuelto ni aun a visitarle. Una indirecta le contestó el padre Cobos: le dije, mire usted señor don Fulano, no sea usted bárbaro y váyase a su casa a tomar el chocolate; porque el padre guardián dice que es usted un glotón salvaje, y cada vez que usted viene le hace una gracia como si le rallaran las tripas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el texto es de 1847, corresponde a una recopilación de relatos publicados en la revista &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Risa_(1843-1844)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Risa&lt;/a&gt; (1843-1844). El relato original tampoco sé si es un relato que se contaba popularmente (con las variaciones que fueran, es posible dado que el autor dice que es algo sabido aunque no muy contado), o incluso si está basado en algún hecho real o figura real previa. Pero es posible que este relato fuera algo que se contara como chiste o anécdota por la época y que pudiera dar origen a la expresión &quot;indirecta del padre Cobos&quot;, añadiendo el &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt; a la expresión anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la expresión original, no he podido encontrar nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T16:27:43.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2017-12-13T16:28:54.517" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el País Vasco &lt;em&gt;capar&lt;/em&gt; se entiende perfectamente como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;castrar&lt;/em&gt;. Yo diría que en el habla coloquial se usa más &lt;em&gt;capar&lt;/em&gt; aunque es solo mi impresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa &lt;em&gt;capar&lt;/em&gt; en el entorno informático para decir que algo está límitado o restringido, p.e.: &lt;em&gt;«Tengo capado el acceso a internet en mi equipo»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo que pones, hablando de un animal, no creo que nadie tuviera dudas sobre el significado y no se me ocurre que otra cosa podría significar tener un gato capado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T16:28:54.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2017-12-13T18:56:41.063" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;: Más común castrar pero se entiende capar (usado principalmente por gente mayor)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;: Se usan indistintamente ambas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Galicia&lt;/strong&gt;: Se entienden los dos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;País Vasco&lt;/strong&gt;: Se entiende perfectamente, yo diría que se usa más que castrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Valencia&lt;/strong&gt;: Se entienden ambos, pero es más frecuente el uso de castrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-09-19T05:58:58.110" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T05:58:58.110" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-13T18:56:41.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23552" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:28:22.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ninguna frase similar a &quot;I'm going to rock your world&quot;. Al menos, no que yo sepa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás la más cercana o similar podría ser &quot;Voy a transformar tu mundo&quot;, lo cual denota que algo va a cambiar, aunque no se sabe si sea para bien o mal (dependiendo de tu propósito), aunque en tu caso, si se piensa que sea un cambio positivo en la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:28:22.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23550" CreationDate="2017-12-14T01:00:38.740" Score="7" Body="&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;sustantivo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;adjetivo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;padres&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;parental&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;padre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;paterno, paternal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;madre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;materno, maternal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hermanos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hermanal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hermano&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;fraterno&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hermana&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sororal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hijos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;filial&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sobrino&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sobrinazgo &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Parentesco de sobrino.&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;(nombre, no adjetivo)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;antepasados&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=07ZgLnc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abolengo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;(adjetivo desusado)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abolengo&lt;/em&gt; se deriva de &lt;em&gt;abuelo&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;-engo&lt;/em&gt;, pero no significa &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;perteneciente o relativo a los abuelos&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; específicamente desafortunadamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, existen estas palabras de raíces latinas en inglés (que no tienen cognados/análogos castellanos aceptados en la &lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;sustantivo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;adjetivo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sobrino&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;nepotal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;tío&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;avuncular&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;tía&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;materteral&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20130616211433/http://www.randomhouse.com/wotd/index.pperl?date=19971119&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4W6JAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PR100&amp;amp;dq=materteral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;code&gt;raro&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T17:34:22.703" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:34:22.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23501" CreationDate="2017-12-14T08:00:17.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;76 para la prosa, 194*90% = 175 para la rima&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prosa libre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12.10:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Edu amó,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;abdicó&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Jorge¹:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Acepto!²&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Stan³:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡No!⁴&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Sin&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;bote,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;iré^5,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ver a&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Yanqui-Bessie^6:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;pompis^7&#xA;antes&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;de&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;todo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: Es un hecho conocido que la corona va al duque de York si ella no tiene hij@s. Es también un hecho conocido que él se llamaba George...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2: ...Si en ese contexto dice que acepta, es que acepta la corona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3: Stanley Baldwin, Premier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4: &amp;quot;Oh, what a sad disappointment&#xA;was endured by the British government&amp;quot;: si el Premier dice algo, tambien lo dice el govierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5:  En el sentido &amp;quot;andar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6: Bessie era el nombre caído cariñoso de Simpson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pienso que si se habla de la andanza de una mujer siendo tan sexy que hace caer anheles, es codigo para ciertas propiedades anatómicas.) El &amp;quot;antes de todo&amp;quot; cubre lo de decidir entre el trono y ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El premio Nobel (consonante si no me equivoco)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edu por&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;su amor&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;abdicó:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;prefieró&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Simpsona&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;chulona.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Lo haré:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;andaré,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;porqué no&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;obtuvó&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;un nave.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;La clave&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;del trono:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿Rey o no?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Contempló:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;eligó&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;su fiero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;trasero.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Población:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;¡Decepción!&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A B. Stan&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;no gustan&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Edu y&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;la yanqui.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;George: &amp;quot;Y hoy,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;el rey soy&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;'36/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;12/10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(El año era 1936.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T12:46:53.340" CommentCount="16" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-14T08:00:17.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23561" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-14T10:32:54.337" Score="4" ViewCount="2766" Body="&lt;p&gt;He intentado plantear esta pregunta de varias formas. Primero me preguntaba por qué la &quot;rr&quot; no había sido nunca incluida en el abecedario, si representa un sonido diferente de la &quot;r&quot;. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/4131/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; es por la regla de que a principio de palabra se escribe &quot;r&quot; aunque el sonido sea &quot;rr&quot;, que hace que no pueda haber una sección en el diccionario conteniendo las palabras que empiezan por &quot;rr&quot; al no haber ninguna (a diferencia de lo que pasaba con la &quot;ll&quot; antes de que la eliminasen del abecedario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que derivo mi pregunta hacia esta otra: ¿cuál es el origen de esa regla? Buscando el término de búsqueda &quot;rr*&quot; en el CORDE encontramos casos en el siglo XIV (&lt;em&gt;rrey&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rreyna&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rreçibió&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rricos&lt;/em&gt;), en el siglo XV (&lt;em&gt;rregla&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rrazonable&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rruego&lt;/em&gt;), siglo XVI (&lt;em&gt;rresolviere&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rrazon&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rregidor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rrotas&lt;/em&gt;), siglo XVII (&lt;em&gt;rrabia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rrodillas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rreverenzia&lt;/em&gt;) e incluso algunas en el siglo XVIII, aunque cada vez menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo aplica a la &quot;r&quot; después de consonante: &lt;em&gt;honrra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Isrrael&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alrrededor&lt;/em&gt; aparecen en textos de la época del Quijote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algún momento tuvo que venir la RAE o quien fuera y poner orden, porque las formas con una sola &quot;r&quot; también se daban y desde antiguo. Así pues, ¿cuándo se consolidó en el idioma español la norma de usar &quot;r&quot; aunque el sonido fuera &quot;rr&quot; a principio de palabra y tras consonante? ¿A qué se debía que se usaran ambas formas? (Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rrey&lt;/em&gt; convivieron hasta el siglo XVII.) ¿Tal vez dependía de los dialectos regionales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caso de estudio: &lt;em&gt;rey&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;rrey&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;siglo   rey     rrey&#xA;----------------------&#xA;XII     739     0&#xA;XIII    17708   2371&#xA;XIV     28918   17175&#xA;XV      37828   21433&#xA;XVI     89233   4168&#xA;XVII    21873   744&#xA;XVIII   4321    4&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T11:59:22.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T12:50:26.780" Title="¿Por qué se escribe &quot;r&quot; a principio de palabra aunque el sonido sea &quot;rr&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23562" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23563" CreationDate="2017-12-14T11:54:40.553" Score="7" ViewCount="1655" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una regla conocida que se escribe &quot;r&quot; simple para el sonido &quot;rr&quot; cuando esta aparece tras las consonantes que forman la palabra &lt;em&gt;lunes&lt;/em&gt;. Pero ¿es posible que se deba escribir también &quot;r&quot; simple tras otras consonantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T11:59:01.113" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T11:59:01.113" Title="¿Se escribe &quot;r&quot; simple para el sonido &quot;rr&quot; tras otras consonantes aparte de &quot;l&quot;, &quot;n&quot; y &quot;s&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23562" CreationDate="2017-12-14T11:54:40.553" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=r&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;existe otra regla&lt;/a&gt; que amplía esta. Básicamente dice que se escribe &quot;r&quot; simple si esta no forma sílaba con la anterior consonante. Así, se dan los siguientes casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Palabras que empiezan por &quot;r&quot; tras los sufijos &lt;em&gt;ab-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sub-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;post-&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0BXkZf5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abrogar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YYmdQFQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;subrayar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Toiazz5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;postromántico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso, por ejemplo, la primera &quot;r&quot; de &lt;em&gt;abrogar&lt;/em&gt; no se pronuncia igual que la de &lt;em&gt;abrevar&lt;/em&gt;, por ser la primera palabra un compuesto con el prefijo &lt;em&gt;ab-&lt;/em&gt; más una palabra cuyo sonido empieza por &quot;rr&quot; y que se mantiene en el compuesto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El caso particular del gentilicio &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9NfKnKn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciudadrealeño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Al ser un compuesto de dos palabras, estas mantienen su pronunciación en la palabra compuesta, por lo que la &quot;r&quot; de &quot;realeño&quot; no se pronuncia igual que la primera de &lt;em&gt;drenar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T16:26:05.490" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T16:26:05.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23544" CreationDate="2017-12-14T13:09:33.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración es correcta, sólo que no es el mismo patrón que te han enseñado. El patrón que se usa aquí es del mismo tipo que el de las hipótesis con &lt;em&gt;si... entonces&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;imperfecto-del-subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;condicional&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El modo condicional (el que termina en &lt;em&gt;-ría&lt;/em&gt;) es lo que llamas &quot;futuro del pasado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funciona de manera muy similar (en este caso) con &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;imperfecto-del-subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;condicional&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El orden puede invertirse, o bien se puede reemplazar ese &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; por otras palabras o expresiones, o por una simple pausa. Si el orden es como en el ejemplo que das, no se usa ningún &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;condicional&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;imperfecto-del-subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;tendría que... cuando estuviera...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este patrón usa el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo junto con un modo que representa el futuro de un pretérito, lo cual es de hecho bastante lógico, ya que ambos refieren al tiempo pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te enseñaron que sólo se usa el subjuntivo con &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; en caso de que el antecedente esté en futuro. Imagino que será algo así, usando tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tendrá que seguir viéndome... cuando esté en París.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;futuro-simple&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;presente-del-subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, con el patrón en forma de condición para mayor claridad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;presente-del-subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;futuro-simple&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este patrón combina presente y futuro. Esto se debe a que el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ec.europa.eu/translation/bulletins/puntoycoma/47/pyc475.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;futuro del subjuntivo&lt;/a&gt;, aunque existe, ya casi no se usa en castellano. (En vez de &lt;em&gt;cuando esté en París&lt;/em&gt;, se diría más correctamente &lt;em&gt;cuando estuviere en París&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T13:09:33.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23501" CreationDate="2017-12-14T13:58:39.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;153 (bonus consonante) = 138 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que intentar algo mientras queda tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por amor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Eduardo cesó&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Qué revés&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  gobierno inglés!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  diciembre 10&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de Jorge es la vez&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Baldwin protesta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;cruzo el mar con esta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  remando&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  o andando&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mi reino doy&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por Simpson hoy&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si camina&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se me empina&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T08:21:42.110" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T08:21:42.110" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-14T13:58:39.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23545" CreationDate="2017-12-14T15:37:20.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The particular example which is involved here does not seem to me to be a phobia in the normal sense of the word. If we consult Wikipedia we find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una fobia (palabra derivada de Fobos, en griego antiguo Φόϐος, «pánico», hijo de Ares y Afrodita en la mitología griega, la personificación del miedo) es un trastorno de salud emocional o psicológico que se caracteriza por un miedo intenso y desproporcionado ante objetos o situaciones concretas​ como, por ejemplo, a los insectos (entomofobia) o a los lugares cerrados (claustrofobia). Sin embargo, no es sencillamente un miedo, pues guardan grandes diferencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To experience a phobia you must have fear and it must be disproportionate. For it to reach clinical significance it must interfere with your daily life too in some way. Some of the quoted numerical examples may amount to phobia (people avoiding situation with 13 by not booking into room 13, insisting on inviting an extra guest to avoid having 13 at table) but the example of 88 does not seem to me like that. We have a situation where people feel it better to avoid something out of a principle just as they would avoid pejorative terms for ethnic groups, sexual orientation, religious symbols, and so on. If we need a word for what people are expressing about 88 would &lt;em&gt;antinazismo&lt;/em&gt; not be sufficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T15:37:20.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23550" CreationDate="2017-12-14T16:03:19.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que en latín &quot;abuelo&quot; era &lt;em&gt;avus&lt;/em&gt;, lo &quot;relativo al abuelo&quot; debería ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ávico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Pero por supuesto esta palabra no existe, aunque sí existe &lt;em&gt;atávico&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo significado original habrá sido &quot;relativo al tatarabuelo&quot; y en español significa &quot;arcaico&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T16:03:19.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2017-12-14T16:59:14.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá en Argentina, puntualmente Buenos Aires, es más común el término castrar, inclusive en campañas de ONGs o gubernamentales que hablan de programas de castración. Aunque cada tanto encontrás gente que dice &lt;code&gt;capar&lt;/code&gt;, más que nada gente mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12537" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T17:00:39.547" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T17:00:39.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2017-12-14T22:31:44.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Canarias se entienden las dos. Yo diría que capar se suele usar más para animales de granja (como cerdos) y castrar para mascotas (perros y gatos). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18392" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T22:31:44.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23572" CreationDate="2017-12-15T01:43:47.690" Score="6" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;El lema &quot;Como la sombra huye la hora&quot; está grabado en un reloj de sol que pertenecía a la Misión de Santa Cruz, en California. Parece un recordatorio al estilo de &quot;&lt;em&gt;tempus fugit&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. A lo mejor el reloj se fabricó en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La sombra que huye la hora cae de la vara del reloj, pero ¿qué es así como ella? ¿El texto implica otro sujeto no mencionado, o es parte de una frase más larga? ¿Cúal será su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2017-12-17T05:35:54.900" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T05:35:54.900" Title="Interpretación de la frase &quot;Como la sombra huye la hora&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23570" CreationDate="2017-12-15T07:59:19.347" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase es más clara con una pausa en medio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como la sombra, huye la hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reordenando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La hora huye como la sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un sentido literal, la sombra que produce el Sol nunca se para, siempre está en movimiento aunque apenas se note. Lo mismo pasa con el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un sentido más figurado, tanto la sombra como el tiempo son imposibles de atrapar. Si intentas perseguirla, la sombra se mueve contigo, parece como si huyera de ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual: sí, es otra manera de expresar el concepto &lt;em&gt;tempus fugit&lt;/em&gt;, solo que aquí juegan con el hecho de que es un reloj de sol, y el tiempo, la hora, se mueve &lt;em&gt;literalmente&lt;/em&gt; como la sombra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T22:12:22.500" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T22:12:22.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-15T11:58:37.097" Score="7" ViewCount="1843" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con la saga de preguntas sobre &amp;quot;r/rr&amp;quot;, buscando en el CORDE me di cuenta de que hay muchos textos de alrededor de los siglo XV y XVI que contienen una &amp;quot;rr&amp;quot; tras consonante cuando debería ser una &amp;quot;r&amp;quot; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... non enbargante que por su hesleymiento e &lt;strong&gt;nonbrramiento&lt;/strong&gt; para procurador syndico de la dicha villa...&lt;/em&gt; (1514)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Pleito [Colección documental del Archivo Histórico de Bilbao]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... a los quales interpusyese su &lt;strong&gt;decrreto&lt;/strong&gt; e autoridad e liçençia para que baliesen...&lt;/em&gt; (1482)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Solicitud de documentos [Colección documental del archivo municipal de Lequeitio]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Primeramente, se repartio en el &lt;strong&gt;padrron&lt;/strong&gt; prinçipal a falta de propios y rentas...&lt;/em&gt; (1508)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Libro de visitas del corregidor [Colección documental del archivo municipal de Lequeitio]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... eçeçion del enganno e &lt;strong&gt;frraude&lt;/strong&gt; e dolo malo e a la gesion de...&lt;/em&gt; (1448)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Carta de obligación [Colección documental del Archivo Municipal de Mondragón]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... e podades gosar de todas las honrras e &lt;strong&gt;grraçias&lt;/strong&gt; e merçedes e prehemirençias...&lt;/em&gt; (1477)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Carta de merced de alcaldía de lo morisco a don Hurtado de Mendoza [Tumbo de los Reyes Católicos del Concejo de Sevilla]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, y así sucesivamente. ¿A qué se debe que se encuentren palabras escritas así durante estos siglos? Nótese que en los ejemplos sí aparecen palabras como &lt;em&gt;autoridad&lt;/em&gt;, e incluso &lt;em&gt;propios&lt;/em&gt; (que no duplica la &amp;quot;r&amp;quot;), &lt;em&gt;rentas&lt;/em&gt; (que no tiene &amp;quot;rr&amp;quot; inicial como en otros textos). ¿Es un error de transcripción debido al estilo de escritura de la época? ¿Se corresponde con una pronunciación diferente de la &amp;quot;r&amp;quot; tras consonante, que podría ser más marcada en algunos reinos de España? ¿Es simplemente que se escribía así en alguna de las variantes de los reinos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pistas que no sé si tendrán alguna relevancia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casi todos los textos mencionados como ejemplos se enmarcan en textos catalogados como &amp;quot;documentos notariales&amp;quot;. Otros están como &amp;quot;códigos y ordenamientos legales&amp;quot;, y otros tipos similares.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casi todos los ejemplos encontrados son de textos en archivos del País Vasco (justo acabo de encontrar uno en un archivo de Sevilla, aunque en algunos textos que estudian y citan el &amp;quot;Tumbo&amp;quot; la palabra &amp;quot;grraçias&amp;quot; aparece transcrita como &amp;quot;graçias&amp;quot;, así que este caso hay que cogerlo con pinzas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T09:34:57.407" Title="Uso de &quot;r&quot; como &quot;rr&quot; tras consonante en el español medieval" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23561" CreationDate="2017-12-15T12:50:26.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aclaremos, en primer lugar, que &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; eran históricamente variantes del mismo fonema en su forma corta y larga. Ése era ciertamente el caso en latín tardío, cuando todavía existían consonantes geminadas (dobles), analizables como formas con un contraste de cantidad (el mismo que diferenciaba vocales cortas y largas). No sabemos con seguridad cómo se pronunciaba la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; en latín pero los expertos creen que pudo haber sido una vibrante múltiple, como nuestra &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;, siendo la &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; latina una versión más larga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una hipótesis de por qué la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; inicial pasó a pronunciarse como &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; es la siguiente. En el paso del latín al romance ibérico, entre vocales las consonantes geminadas latinas tendieron a simplificarse mientras que las simples se &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;debilitaban&lt;/a&gt; (/t/ &gt; /d/ y /tt/ &gt; /t/). Esto no ocurrió en comienzo de palabra, donde las consonantes permanecieron &quot;fuertes&quot;. Este desplazamiento hizo que se identificase la articulación &lt;em&gt;fortis&lt;/em&gt; en comienzo de palabra con las antiguas geminadas, ya simplificadas; o sea, los hablantes pasaron a identificar la /p/ inicial de &lt;em&gt;palma&lt;/em&gt; &quot;palma&quot; con la /p/ medial de &lt;em&gt;cippus&lt;/em&gt; &quot;cepo&quot; (ahora acortada) en vez de con la antigua /p/ medial de &lt;em&gt;opera&lt;/em&gt;, que había pasado a ser una /b/ (&quot;obra&quot;). Este fenómeno arrastró a la vibrante alveolar /r/: así, toda /r/ inicial se reforzó para identificarse con la /rr/ medial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano este proceso no involucró otras consonantes; en catalán y asturleonés, por ejemplo, ocurrió con las /l/ iniciales (latín &lt;em&gt;luna&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;lluna&lt;/em&gt;), y ciertos dialectos, con las /n/ iniciales (dando &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;). Aquí la marca de fortificación fue la palatalización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tiene que ver esto con la ortografía? Que los cambios fonéticos suelen despistar bastante a los escribas por su naturaleza gradual. Sin una institución normalizadora de la ortografía ni medios de comunicación eficaces, los escribas vacilan entre las alternativas disponibles para transcribir lo que oyen. De hecho, estas vacilaciones y errores son una de las fuentes más útiles para documentar cambios fonéticos en curso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un problema es que la vacilación ortográfica que aparece documentada es bastante tardía. Las geminadas latinas se simplificaron hacia el final del período del latín vulgar (s. VIII d.C.), no después, como se deriva del hecho de que existen todavía al sur de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnea_Massa-Senigallia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Línea Massa-Senigallia&lt;/a&gt;. Pero precisamente porque no hay una autoridad que diga &quot;esto ya no es latín sino castellano, con tales y cuales normas&quot;, las vacilaciones pueden continuar durante siglos, si el escriba trata de escribir según la norma clásica. Así se pueden ver en el CORDE ejemplos hasta en el siglo XVI de palabras con &lt;em&gt;cc&lt;/em&gt; cuyo origen es una geminada latina, como &lt;em&gt;bocca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;peccado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;occupar&lt;/em&gt;; con &lt;em&gt;pp&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;approbar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;opportuno&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por otra parte raro ver en castellano una consonante doble (escrita) en comienzo de palabra, pero quizá &lt;em&gt;ll-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rr-&lt;/em&gt; se reforzaron mutuamente por un tiempo. Luego fue sólo cuestión de tiempo y sentido común para que la convención restaurara la &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; escrita simple inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T12:50:26.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-15T13:33:05.373" Score="6" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if &quot;pedregoso&quot; is appropriate for &quot;rocky road&quot; in below text, please help me to check it, thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This leg of the path will be when people’s genuine stature is revealed as well as whether or not they have true faith. Since this leg of the path will be more arduous than any that has been led in the past, and it will be more of a &lt;strong&gt;rocky road&lt;/strong&gt; than before, it is called “the last leg of the path.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation for the last sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como esta etapa de la senda será más ardua que cualquier otra que se haya guiado en el pasado, y como será un camino más &lt;strong&gt;pedregoso&lt;/strong&gt; que antes, se denomina “la última etapa de la senda”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18272" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T14:08:08.347" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T13:25:18.340" Title="Translation of &quot;rocky road&quot; in &quot;it will be more of a rocky road than before&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23552" CreationDate="2017-12-15T14:57:58.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede ser:&#xA;Voy a conmocionar tu mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conmoción:&#xA;Movimiento o perturbación violenta del ánimo o del cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17757" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T14:57:58.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23575" CreationDate="2017-12-15T16:57:08.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This translation can be considered correct: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como esta etapa de la senda será más ardua que cualquier otra que se haya guiado en el pasado, y como será un camino más &lt;strong&gt;pedregoso&lt;/strong&gt; que antes, se denomina “la última etapa de la senda”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We get that &lt;strong&gt;rocky road&lt;/strong&gt; is being used to describe the meaning that something is going to be hard as a rocky road, but not a rocky road itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is connotative language, and it's transmitting an idea or feeling rather than a fact or a denotation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this context, &lt;strong&gt;camino pedregoso&lt;/strong&gt; has the same meaning, yet, is very commonly used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So an easy to understand and actually used form is &lt;strong&gt;camino arduo&lt;/strong&gt;. And as the whole paragraph is talking about paths (&lt;strong&gt;caminos&lt;/strong&gt;), then to keep the semantic of the phrase, then we will keep using forms that are related to paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while the translation is correct, it is better understood if we use more common, connotative words and phrases in Spanish like &lt;strong&gt;arduo/difícil/complicado/severo/&lt;/strong&gt;, as these words are talking about feelings more like things (not explicit rocks as the use of explicit elements is less connotative in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This translation can be considered accurate: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como esta etapa de la senda será más ardua que cualquier otra que se haya guiado en el pasado, y como será un camino más &lt;strong&gt;arduo&lt;/strong&gt; que antes, se denomina “la última etapa de la senda”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, there's no unique translation for connotative language.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T13:25:18.340" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T13:25:18.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26" CreationDate="2017-12-15T22:52:14.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The images in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; wikipedia page outline the areas of the Spanish speaking world which have predominance of &lt;em&gt;seseo / ceceo / distinción&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Region&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Map&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seseo-ceceo-distinci%C3%B3n_en_el_espa%C3%B1ol.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los países hispanos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/60ZuY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/60ZuY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Los países hispanos&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ceceo-seseo-distinci%C3%B3n_en_el_espa%C3%B1ol_de_Europa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;España (salvo Canarias)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3xGdo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3xGdo.png&quot; alt=&quot;España (salvo Canarias)&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Andaluc%C3%ADa_ceceante_y_seseante.svg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Andalucía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zat9l.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zat9l.png&quot; alt=&quot;Andalucía&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seseo_idioma_gallego.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Galicia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bphw1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bphw1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Galicia&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5YfLH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5YfLH.png&quot; alt=&quot;Galicia key&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T13:24:42.053" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T13:24:42.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23346" CreationDate="2017-12-16T03:57:55.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Atendiendo al &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23346/existen-nombres-para-los-movimientos-realizados-por-el-cuerpo/23581#comment37673_23348&quot;&gt;comentario de Gustavson&lt;/a&gt;, vamos a suponer que la pregunta es esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Así como existe una clase de palabras llamadas &quot;onomatopeyas&quot; que definen sonidos, ¿existe otra clase similar de palabras que definan movimientos realizados por el cuerpo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que, si para los sonidos existe una clase de palabras especial, es porque la relación entre sonidos y palabras es especial.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay absolutamente nada en la secuencia de sonidos &lt;code&gt;/a/ /r/ /b/ /o/ /l/&lt;/code&gt; que recuerde ni remotamente a un árbol; sin embargo, todos los que entienden español identifican esa secuencia de sonidos con el concepto &quot;árbol&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y así, usamos los sonidos, no por su propio sonido, sino para transmitir conceptos abstractos mediante palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, a veces lo que queremos transmitir no es un concepto abstracto, sino un sonido en sí mismo: el maullido de un gato, el crujir de una rama al romperse, la explosión de un volcán. El sonido lo podemos imitar sin mucho problema, pero para transmitirlo necesitamos convertirlo en una palabra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay nada en la secuencia de letras &lt;code&gt;M I A U&lt;/code&gt; que se parezca en nada a un gato, y de hecho &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; es la palabra que usamos para el concepto &quot;gato&quot;; pero, al pronunciarla, nos da un sonido muy parecido al que hacen los gatos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y así, la relación se invierte: usamos las palabras, no para transmitir un concepto abstracto mediante sonidos, sino por su propio sonido. Estas palabras son las &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22846/13628&quot;&gt;onomatopeyas&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensemos ahora en los movimientos del cuerpo. ¿Qué relación existe entre el lenguaje y los movimientos del cuerpo? Pues...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... básicamente ninguna.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Las palabras necesitan de los sonidos para ser habladas. Pero no es necesario hacer ningún movimiento con el cuerpo para hablar&lt;/strong&gt;, más allá de los que hacen la glotis, la lengua, la mandíbula y los labios (y para algunos, ni eso).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y por el mismo motivo, &lt;strong&gt;aunque hay palabras que al pronunciarlas provocan sonidos concretos, no existen palabras que al pronunciarlas provoquen un movimiento del cuerpo&lt;/strong&gt;. La manera más sencilla entonces de transmitir esa idea de movimiento es, simplemente, enunciar la acción: &quot;alzar el brazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por eso en español no existe ninguna clase de palabras para los movimientos del cuerpo&lt;/strong&gt;, similar a las onomatopeyas para los sonidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NO OBSTANTE...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única razón por la que no existe tal clase de palabras es que el español, como casi todos los lenguajes, está basado en sonidos. Pero no todos los lenguajes están basados en sonidos. Hay lenguajes que están basados en... movimientos del cuerpo :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_de_signos_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lengua de signos española&lt;/a&gt; (LSE) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/lenguaje-de-signos--0/html/ffbeaf86-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_6.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;signos icónicos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a los signos basados en el movimiento o la forma de lo que se quiere representar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;el típico gesto de llevarse la mano a la boca para significar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sematos.eu/lse-p-comer-2129-es.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;comer&quot;&lt;/a&gt; sería un &lt;em&gt;signo icónico de movimiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que el signo para &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sematos.eu/lse-p-apuntar+%5Banotar%5D-3797.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;anotar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; no lo es (sería un &lt;em&gt;signo arbitrario&lt;/em&gt;). También sería un signo icónico, en este caso &lt;em&gt;de forma&lt;/em&gt;, el signo para &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSZEIGHAQRY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;casa&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro lenguaje basado en los movimientos del cuerpo: &lt;strong&gt;la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PHOa6d2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mímica&lt;/a&gt; es lo que hacen los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PHQnzfs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mimos&lt;/a&gt;, al imitar los movimientos del cuerpo&lt;/strong&gt; en diferentes situaciones para transmitir una idea o contar una historia. Por extensión, se puede llamar &quot;mímica&quot; al conjunto de gestos que usan los mimos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría citar una frase de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lsefacil.es/que-es-la-lengua-de-signos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una web sobre LSE&lt;/a&gt;, ya que resalta el paralelismo entre los movimientos del cuerpo y las onomatopeyas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las lenguas de signos no son mímica o una simple representación visual de una lengua oral. Tienen una rica y compleja gramática y un léxico normativizado. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decir que la Lengua de Signos es solo mimo equivale a decir que la lengua oral son solo onomatopeyas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, otro de los motivos por el que los movimientos del cuerpo se describen mediante frases y no mediante palabras, es que es mucho más sencillo aprender a escribir e interpretar todos de la misma manera 26 letras, que hacerlo con dibujos de cuerpos en movimiento. Por eso la escritura icónica de los egipcios evolucionó a las letras latinas (es un resumen un poco basto, pero sirve).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, desde hace unos cuantos años ya, existe &lt;strong&gt;otro elemento que poco a poco se va integrando en el lenguaje escrito y que también puede usarse para representar movimientos del cuerpo: los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EjqioHD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emoticonos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y después de casi 5 horas de investigación, me voy corriendo .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T03:57:55.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19756" CreationDate="2017-12-16T17:23:28.757" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El antónimo de &lt;em&gt;adicción&lt;/em&gt; sería algo más cercano a &lt;code&gt;conexión&lt;/code&gt;, ya que no se es adicto solo a las drogas: eso es algo como un estereotipo del término. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede ser adicto a cualquier cosa que sientas que dependes de tal, ya que mayormente un adicto está desconectado de lo que lo rodea, ya no teniendo nada que hacer, como estar sin amigos, no salir de casa, o no tener metas, solo siente que no tendría nada más que hacer si no tiene aquello a lo que siente dependencia el caso podría ser tal como la pornografía, los videojuegos, las redes sociales, el alcohol, las drogas, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tener algún &lt;em&gt;hobby&lt;/em&gt; o algún otro pasatiempo hace que solo podamos hacer &quot;eso&quot;, ya que nos sentimos condenados a no poder hacer nada más. Por eso no solo adicción se refiere a las drogas, siendo las drogas el causante de síntomas físicos más reconocibles no elimina las otras maneras a las que podríamos estar adictos a otras cosas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo la respuesta de resolver una adicción, la conexión con el mundo que te rodea, despertar todos los días con una meta, salir con amigos, leer un libro, hacer algo que te guste, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única forma de ayudar a un adicto no es repeliéndole de ti, sino conectándolo más con el mundo que lo rodea. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18402" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-17T02:01:55.197" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T02:01:55.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23545" CreationDate="2017-12-18T07:37:39.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el razonamiento de @walen parece que lo normal es usar la palabra en griego y añadirle &lt;em&gt;fobia&lt;/em&gt; para definir aversiones o miedos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurrió buscar entonces el nombre de un polígono de 88 lados y encontré que se llamaba &lt;em&gt;octacontakaioctágonos&lt;/em&gt;, en estos dos blogs: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lascosasdematematicas.blogspot.com.es/2017/11/formula-maximo-comun-divisor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lascosasdematematicas.blogspot.com.es&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://matekas.blogspot.com.es/2008/06/nombre-de-los-polgonos-iii.h%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8Btml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matekas.blogspot.com.es&lt;/a&gt;. No he podido encontrar alguna fuente más fiable ya que la mayoría de las listas de este tipo llegan hasta los polígonos de 20 lados y luego van de diez en diez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que aunque no esté definido en ningún sitio la aversión al número 88 podría llamarse &lt;strong&gt;Octacontakaioctofobia&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;siguiendo la misma lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T08:44:24.997" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T08:44:24.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23587" CreationDate="2017-12-18T10:56:38.690" Score="8" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchas disciplinas, sobre todo técnicas, es habitual &quot;castellanizar&quot; vocablos extranjeros mediante el uso de sufijos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en desarrollo de &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt; tenemos los verbos ingleses &lt;em&gt;commit&lt;/em&gt; para confirmar los cambios realizados en el código fuente, y &lt;em&gt;login&lt;/em&gt; para la acción de identificarse ante un sistema.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin entrar en los porqués, en español lo normal no es decir &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17811/13628&quot;&gt;&quot;confirmar&quot;&lt;/a&gt; sino cosas como &lt;em&gt;&quot;comitar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;comitear&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. De la misma manera, también es muy corriente decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;loguearse&quot;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&quot;logarse&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en vez de por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5770/13628&quot;&gt;&quot;identificarse&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no es exclusivo del mundo de la programación. Se da también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en los videojuegos: &lt;em&gt;camp&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&quot;campear&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en ingeniería de redes: &lt;em&gt;cap&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&quot;capar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en cualquier foro de internet: &lt;em&gt;post&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&quot;postear&quot;&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;y en general en cualquier actividad que tenga influencia del mundo anglosajón: &lt;em&gt;tune&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&quot;tunear&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en mecánica; &lt;em&gt;grind&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;&quot;grindar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en patinaje y ski, pero también &lt;em&gt;&quot;grindear&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en póquer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, como casi ninguna de estas palabras está reconocida por la RAE, y por tanto no hay una referencia sobre cuál es la versión correcta, hay diversidad de opiniones a la hora de formarlas: hay quien añade &quot;-ar&quot; al verbo extranjero, y hay quien añade &quot;-ear&quot; (tal como se ve en los ejemplos).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos por un momento que fuese correcto formar palabras de esta manera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál sería el sufijo adecuado para castellanizar verbos extranjeros: &quot;-ar&quot; o &quot;-ear&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T13:37:41.653" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:46:52.277" Title="Uso de &quot;-ar&quot; vs &quot;-ear&quot; en la formación de barbarismos: &quot;comitar&quot; vs &quot;comitear&quot;, &quot;logar&quot; vs &quot;loguear&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T11:18:17.240" Score="6" ViewCount="1322" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día se puede ver en el DLE la siguiente acepción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bnRGe0W&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;viejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Padre y madre de una persona. &lt;em&gt;¿Lo sabe tu viejo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción es reciente, dado que en la edición de 1992 esta acepción no aparece. Curiosamente, en la edición de 2001 sí aparece pero marcada como americanismo. Y hablando de americanismos, parece que en multitud de países de Hispanoamérica se usa pero para hablar de casi cualquier persona: &quot;Se usa para dirigirse o referirse afectuosamente a alguien, especialmente al padre, la madre, la pareja o los amigos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hablando desde el punto de vista de España, yo la primera vez que oí llamar &quot;viejo&quot; al padre de alguien fue en algún medio audiovisual, no sé si en alguna película o incluso puede que un cómic allá por los años 90. Me llamó mucho la atención y pensé que sería la forma en que se le ocurrió a algún traductor, dado que en inglés sí se suele usar la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/old%20man&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;old man&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al padre de uno. Imaginé que simplemente el traductor quería reflejar esa forma coloquial de referirse al padre del personaje que fuera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y desde el punto de vista de España, ¿cuándo se empezó a usar aquí la palabra &quot;viejo&quot; para referirse a los padres de alguien? ¿Fue por influencia directa del inglés a través de traducciones de cómics/series/películas/libros o lo que fuera? ¿O pudo ser por influencia del uso similar en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:33:13.980" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T13:33:34.390" Title="¿De dónde viene el uso de &quot;viejo&quot; como &quot;los padres de uno&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23585" CreationDate="2017-12-18T12:24:16.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE reconoce el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIeaLdH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como formador de &quot;verbos derivados de sustantivos o adjetivos, rara vez de pronombres&quot;. Fundéu menciona este sufijo explícitamente como válido en las palabras &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/mensajear-mensajearse/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mensajear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;textear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, así como en otras derivadas directamente de extranjerismos, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/wasap-y-wasapear-grafias-validas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wasapear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Más allá de las adaptaciones fonéticas y ortográficas, no parece que la procedencia de la raíz represente ninguna diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; tiene una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sel.edu.es/pdf/ene-dic-07/RSEL-37-Martin.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gran variedad de significados&lt;/a&gt; y es uno de los más frecuentes en la derivación a partir de sustantivos y adjetivos. Una vez que esto ocurre es natural que por analogía otras raíces lo adopten. En este punto &quot;significa&quot; bastante poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre por qué se emplea un sufijo de derivación nominal con verbos extranjeros, hay que notar que en inglés (fuente de la inmensa mayoría de éstos) suele ocurrir que la misma raíz desnuda represente tanto un verbo como un sustantivo (&lt;em&gt;log&lt;/em&gt; &quot;bitácora&quot;, &lt;em&gt;post&lt;/em&gt; &quot;nota, envío&quot;, &lt;em&gt;camp&lt;/em&gt; &quot;campamento&quot;), y que en castellano una raíz desnuda no es instintivamente reconocida por los hablantes como verbo. (Esto no implica que se la reconozca fácilmente como sustantivo; hay casos en que se deriva primero el verbo con &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; y luego se nominaliza con &lt;em&gt;-eo&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;el posteo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el logueo&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a por qué este sufijo y no otro, ¿quién sabe? La primera conjugación es la única productiva (que admite crecimiento por incorporación de nuevos verbos) en castellano, y tal parece ser el caso desde hace mucho tiempo, con la excepción de algunos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/filoyletras/javel/productividad.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbos latinos de la segunda y tercera incorporados como cultismos&lt;/a&gt; (mayormente en la tercera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T10:07:46.420" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T10:07:46.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23510" CreationDate="2017-12-18T14:39:18.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can translate it in this sentence with &quot;ella&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give the sentence any sense, the word internet should be mentioned before somewhere. If you just say &quot;Sin ella estariamos perdidos&quot; sounds like &quot;without her, we would be lost&quot;. You can say &quot;Internet es hoy en día imprescindible, sin ella estaríamos perdidos.&quot; (Internet is nowadays essential, without it we would be lost)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although previous use is grammatically correct, replacing Internet with a pronoun sounds a bit unnatural to my ears. To make it sound more natural without repeating the word Internet I would probably use a more general word, e.g. : &quot;Sin esta tecnología estaríamos perdidos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T14:39:18.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23512" CreationDate="2017-12-18T14:43:52.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se puede utilizar la expresión &quot;Tirar de la manta&quot; o &quot;Descubrir el pastel&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más acerca de esta expresión se puede leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fraseshechas.net/tirar-de-la-manta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T14:43:52.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22741" CreationDate="2017-12-18T15:00:54.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El primer ejemplo es gramaticalmente incorrecto. El subjuntivo se puede utilizar cuando la frase principal está negada &quot;No admite que fuera estúpido...&quot;. En este caso sería correcto utilizar el modo indicativo (El entrenador del Manchester City admite que es &quot;estúpido&quot; esperar...) o suponer que la frase subordinada está condicionada a algo (implícita o explícitamente), en cuyo caso se puede utilizar el condicional, como has propuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como usualmente el futuro siempre está condicionado, el condicional es casi siempre la forma más común, excepto cuando el hablante quiere enfatizar que existe certeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@walen: Gracias por el comentario, tienes razón. Ambas formas son correctas. Me ha confundido el hecho de que utilizar el subjuntivo es hoy menos común. Pero una búsqueda en google muestra que a pesar de estar el subjuntivo representado  alrededor de cinco veces menos, ambas formas se utilizan hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="18409" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T19:22:24.387" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T19:22:24.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23592" CreationDate="2017-12-18T17:56:55.117" Score="6" ViewCount="2169" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México solemos decir &quot;provecho&quot; cuando despedimos a alguien cuando va a comer o para saludar cuando está comiendo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto un uso y costumbre solo de México, o también se utiliza en otros países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T23:31:15.453" LastActivityDate="2019-09-24T02:59:28.657" Title="¿Se utiliza &quot;provecho&quot; en otros países hispanohablantes además de México?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23591" CreationDate="2017-12-18T19:26:33.007" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uno de los significados que mencionas (respecto a las comidas) debería ser entendido en teoría por cualquier país hispanohablante, ya que el DLE no indica que sea un regionalismo, y asumiendo que se trata de una forma corta de la expresión &amp;quot;buen provecho&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UTTXzlC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;buen provecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;expr. coloq. U&lt;/em&gt;. para manifestar el deseo de que algo sea útil o conveniente a la salud o bienestar de alguien, frecuentemente dirigiéndose a quienes están comiendo o bebiendo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y dicha expresión se puede encontrar desde hace varios años en la literatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No digo tal -dijo Loaysa-, ni Dios tal permita. Bebed, hijo Luis, bebed, y buen provecho os haga, que el vino que se bebe con medida jamás fue causa de daño alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, El celoso extremeño, 1613&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, que se use &amp;quot;provecho&amp;quot; para despedirse de alguien nunca lo he escuchado en Colombia. Ya tocaría ver que dicen otras respuestas en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T19:26:33.007" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23585" CreationDate="2017-12-18T22:08:28.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El gran desafío —tal vez irresoluble— de la etimología, más allá de descubrir la raíz de las palabras y cuál es su primer registro escrito, es —a mi modesto modo de ver— entender qué llevó a los hablantes a adoptar un modo de derivación en lugar de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la excelente &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23587/13628&quot;&gt;respuesta de pablodf76&lt;/a&gt;, sólo querría agregar que &quot;-ear&quot;, además de reconocer la naturaleza nominal de la raíz, parece ser una desinencia más apropiada que &quot;-ar&quot; para:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;crear una mayor distancia fonética de la raíz nominal anglosajona, que en todos los casos termina —como es típico del inglés— con un sonido consonántico final extraño al español: &lt;em&gt;surfear, plotear, zipear, deletear, setear, linkear, lookear&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;diferenciar estos verbos, muchos de los cuales tardarán —como es esperable— bastante tiempo en ser reconocidos por la RAE a pesar de su uso asiduo por parte de los hablantes, de otros con desinencia &quot;-ar&quot; ya existentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;testear&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;testar&lt;/em&gt; (tachar, en la jerga legal);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;rapear&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;rapar&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;topear&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;topar(se)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T07:46:52.277" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:46:52.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T23:22:04.103" Score="10" ViewCount="29719" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como español en Colombia, me sorprendió esta conversación más de una vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Sí, esa chica &lt;strong&gt;mona&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Bueno, muy guapa no me parece.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No, no dije eso sino que es mona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿...?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, de pelo rubio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Aaaah.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como intento reflejar en el ejemplo, para un español alguien &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PeswonB%7CPevMcDo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mono&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es descrito por el DLE como &lt;em&gt;de aspecto agradable por cierto atractivo físico, por su gracia o por su arreglo y cuidado&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, por el contexto se ve que en Colombia alguien mono es aquel que es rubio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE refleja que efectivamente es así, y solo en Colombia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=nqjyJN52Yx0A21dOfyt%7CsmLeeL2Wyx0AmwjE703%7CV7xhc39Onx0AWQS3Dvo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mono, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  adj/sust. Co. Referido a persona, que tiene el pelo rubio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  adj. Co. Referido al pelo, rubio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿por qué es así? Encontré &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120629134841AAJA23V&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta pregunta en Yahoo respuestas&lt;/a&gt; pero ofrece tantas posibles respuestas que no me acabo de quedar con ninguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T17:15:38.960" Title="¿Por qué en Colombia se llama &quot;mona&quot; a la mujer de pelo rubio?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23464" CreationDate="2017-12-18T23:37:02.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultado en Reddit, recibí &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/argentina/comments/7huap7/qu%C3%A9_significa_la_puerta_no_se_abre_cuando_la_luz/dqu46kh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una respuesta la mar de interesante&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi es un tema de tiempos, &amp;quot;cuando la luz roja de ilumine&amp;quot; habla de algo futuro (el típico tono profético, no se cómo se llama). En cambio la primera parte está en presente. Ergo la frase no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se emparejan los tiempos sí suena algo más coherente: &amp;quot;la puerta no se abrirá cuando la luz roja se ilumine&amp;quot; (todo en futuro) o &amp;quot;la puerta no se abre si la luz roja se ilumina&amp;quot; (todo en presente). Arreglado lo de los tiempos, sacaría lo de ilumine, es redundante (la luz está encendida, ya sabemos que ilumina). Y también lo de no se abre, para eso decimos puerta cerrada. Algo como &amp;quot;la puerta permanecerá cerrada cuando se encienda la luz roja&amp;quot; me parece mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T23:37:02.090" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-18T23:37:02.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23591" CreationDate="2017-12-19T00:39:27.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile se usa muy habitualmente. Casi siempre es &quot;provecho&quot; a secas, no &quot;buen provecho&quot;. Yo estimo (esto no lo puedo confirmar) que es más frecuente en el estrato social bajo, y me parece que en zonas rurales puede ser incluso una falta de respeto no decirlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usted llega a un lugar en el que se está comiendo, aunque no conozca a las personas ahí presentes, se debe dirigir al grupo diciendo &quot;provecho&quot;. Basta con que lo diga una de las personas que está llegando. Todos los comensales responden &quot;gracias&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se dice al retirarse, sino sólo al llegar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T00:39:27.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23759" CreationDate="2017-12-19T15:31:12.547" Score="5" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The game is over! Check out the winners &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23597/translation-golf-christmas-special-edition/23759#23759&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to Translation Golf's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Christmas Special Edition&lt;/strong&gt;!!!&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal of the game is to translate the proposed text to Spanish using as few letters as possible.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time playing, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para estas fechas señaladas, hemos pensado hacer una edición especial, con un texto más largo y más semanas para jugar con él :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto elegido es el famosísimo poema &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Visit_from_St._Nicholas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Visit from St. Nicholas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de autor desconocido*:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Twas the night before Christmas, when all through the house&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Not a creature was stirring, not even a mouse.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The stockings were hung by the chimney with care,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;In hopes that St Nicholas soon would be there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The children were nestled all snug in their beds,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;While visions of sugar-plums danced in their heads.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And mamma in her ‘kerchief, and I in my cap,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Had just settled our brains for a long winter’s nap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I sprang from the bed to see what was the matter.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Away to the window I flew like a flash,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Tore open the shutters and threw up the sash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moon on the breast of the new-fallen snow&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Gave the lustre of mid-day to objects below.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;When, what to my wondering eyes should appear,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;But a miniature sleigh, and eight tiny reindeer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a little old driver, so lively and quick,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I knew in a moment it must be St Nick.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;More rapid than eagles his coursers they came,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Now Dasher! now, Dancer! now, Prancer and Vixen!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;On, Comet! On, Cupid! on, on Donner and Blitzen!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;To the top of the porch! to the top of the wall!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Now dash away! Dash away! Dash away all!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As dry leaves that before the wild hurricane fly,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;When they meet with an obstacle, mount to the sky.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;So up to the house-top the coursers they flew,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;With the sleigh full of Toys, and St Nicholas too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then, in a twinkling, I heard on the roof&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The prancing and pawing of each little hoof.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;As I drew in my head, and was turning around,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Down the chimney St Nicholas came with a bound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He was dressed all in fur, from his head to his foot,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And his clothes were all tarnished with ashes and soot.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A bundle of Toys he had flung on his back,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And he looked like a peddler, just opening his pack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His eyes-how they twinkled! his dimples how merry!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;His cheeks were like roses, his nose like a cherry!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;His droll little mouth was drawn up like a bow,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And the beard of his chin was as white as the snow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stump of a pipe he held tight in his teeth,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And the smoke it encircled his head like a wreath.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;He had a broad face and a little round belly,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;That shook when he laughed, like a bowlful of jelly!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He was chubby and plump, a right jolly old elf,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And I laughed when I saw him, in spite of myself!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;A wink of his eye and a twist of his head,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Soon gave me to know I had nothing to dread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He spoke not a word, but went straight to his work,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And filled all the stockings, then turned with a jerk.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And laying his finger aside of his nose,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And giving a nod, up the chimney he rose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He sprang to his sleigh, to his team gave a whistle,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And away they all flew like the down of a thistle.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;But I heard him exclaim, ‘ere he drove out of sight,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Happy Christmas to all, and to all a good-night!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2085 letters&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* El relato se publicó de manera anónima en 1823. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Clarke_Moore&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clement Clarke Moore&lt;/a&gt; se atribuyó la autoría en 1837. Hoy en día varios expertos piensan que en realidad el autor original era &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Livingston_Jr.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Henry Livingston Jr.&lt;/a&gt;, muerto en 1828.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como traducción propia (¡hay que respetar las reglas!), enlazo a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#en/es/%27Twas%20the%20night%20before%20Christmas%2C%20when%20all%20through%20the%20house%20%0ANot%20a%20creature%20was%20stirring%2C%20not%20even%20a%20mouse.%20%0AThe%20stockings%20were%20hung%20by%20the%20chimney%20with%20care%2C%20%0AIn%20hopes%20that%20St%20Nicholas%20soon%20would%20be%20there.%0A%0AThe%20children%20were%20nestled%20all%20snug%20in%20their%20beds%2C%20%0AWhile%20visions%20of%20sugar-plums%20danced%20in%20their%20heads.%20%0AAnd%20mamma%20in%20her%20%E2%80%98kerchief%2C%20and%20I%20in%20my%20cap%2C%20%0AHad%20just%20settled%20our%20brains%20for%20a%20long%20winter%E2%80%99s%20nap.%0A%0AWhen%20out%20on%20the%20lawn%20there%20arose%20such%20a%20clatter%2C%20%0AI%20sprang%20from%20the%20bed%20to%20see%20what%20was%20the%20matter.%20%0AAway%20to%20the%20window%20I%20flew%20like%20a%20flash%2C%20%0ATore%20open%20the%20shutters%20and%20threw%20up%20the%20sash.%0A%0AThe%20moon%20on%20the%20breast%20of%20the%20new-fallen%20snow%20%0AGave%20the%20lustre%20of%20mid-day%20to%20objects%20below.%20%0AWhen%2C%20what%20to%20my%20wondering%20eyes%20should%20appear%2C%20%0ABut%20a%20miniature%20sleigh%2C%20and%20eight%20tiny%20reindeer.%0A%0AWith%20a%20little%20old%20driver%2C%20so%20lively%20and%20quick%2C%20%0AI%20knew%20in%20a%20moment%20it%20must%20be%20St%20Nick.%20%0AMore%20rapid%20than%20eagles%20his%20coursers%20they%20came%2C%20%0AAnd%20he%20whistled%2C%20and%20shouted%2C%20and%20called%20them%20by%20name!%0A%0A%22Now%20Dasher!%20now%2C%20Dancer!%20now%2C%20Prancer%20and%20Vixen!%20%0AOn%2C%20Comet!%20On%2C%20Cupid!%20on%2C%20on%20Donner%20and%20Blitzen!%20%0ATo%20the%20top%20of%20the%20porch!%20to%20the%20top%20of%20the%20wall!%20%0ANow%20dash%20away!%20Dash%20away!%20Dash%20away%20all!%22%0A%0AAs%20dry%20leaves%20that%20before%20the%20wild%20hurricane%20fly%2C%20%0AWhen%20they%20meet%20with%20an%20obstacle%2C%20mount%20to%20the%20sky.%20%0ASo%20up%20to%20the%20house-top%20the%20coursers%20they%20flew%2C%20%0AWith%20the%20sleigh%20full%20of%20Toys%2C%20and%20St%20Nicholas%20too.%0A%0AAnd%20then%2C%20in%20a%20twinkling%2C%20I%20heard%20on%20the%20roof%20%0AThe%20prancing%20and%20pawing%20of%20each%20little%20hoof.%20%0AAs%20I%20drew%20in%20my%20head%2C%20and%20was%20turning%20around%2C%20%0ADown%20the%20chimney%20St%20Nicholas%20came%20with%20a%20bound.%0A%0AHe%20was%20dressed%20all%20in%20fur%2C%20from%20his%20head%20to%20his%20foot%2C%20%0AAnd%20his%20clothes%20were%20all%20tarnished%20with%20ashes%20and%20soot.%20%0AA%20bundle%20of%20Toys%20he%20had%20flung%20on%20his%20back%2C%20%0AAnd%20he%20looked%20like%20a%20peddler%2C%20just%20opening%20his%20pack.%0A%0AHis%20eyes-how%20they%20twinkled!%20his%20dimples%20how%20merry!%20%0AHis%20cheeks%20were%20like%20roses%2C%20his%20nose%20like%20a%20cherry!%20%0AHis%20droll%20little%20mouth%20was%20drawn%20up%20like%20a%20bow%2C%20%0AAnd%20the%20beard%20of%20his%20chin%20was%20as%20white%20as%20the%20snow.%0A%0AThe%20stump%20of%20a%20pipe%20he%20held%20tight%20in%20his%20teeth%2C%20%0AAnd%20the%20smoke%20it%20encircled%20his%20head%20like%20a%20wreath.%20%0AHe%20had%20a%20broad%20face%20and%20a%20little%20round%20belly%2C%20%0AThat%20shook%20when%20he%20laughed%2C%20like%20a%20bowlful%20of%20jelly!%0A%0AHe%20was%20chubby%20and%20plump%2C%20a%20right%20jolly%20old%20elf%2C%20%0AAnd%20I%20laughed%20when%20I%20saw%20him%2C%20in%20spite%20of%20myself!%20%0AA%20wink%20of%20his%20eye%20and%20a%20twist%20of%20his%20head%2C%20%0ASoon%20gave%20me%20to%20know%20I%20had%20nothing%20to%20dread.%0A%0AHe%20spoke%20not%20a%20word%2C%20but%20went%20straight%20to%20his%20work%2C%20%0AAnd%20filled%20all%20the%20stockings%2C%20then%20turned%20with%20a%20jerk.%20%0AAnd%20laying%20his%20finger%20aside%20of%20his%20nose%2C%20%0AAnd%20giving%20a%20nod%2C%20up%20the%20chimney%20he%20rose!%0A%0AHe%20sprang%20to%20his%20sleigh%2C%20to%20his%20team%20gave%20a%20whistle%2C%20%0AAnd%20away%20they%20all%20flew%20like%20the%20down%20of%20a%20thistle.%20%0ABut%20I%20heard%20him%20exclaim%2C%20%E2%80%98ere%20he%20drove%20out%20of%20sight%2C%20%0A%22Happy%20Christmas%20to%20all%2C%20and%20to%20all%20a%20good-night!%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traducción al español tal cual me la ha dado Google Translate&lt;/a&gt;, que se queda en 2246 letras. Apenas la he mirado por encima, así que no sé si estará bien. No la incluyo aquí porque con el tag de &lt;em&gt;spoiler&lt;/em&gt; sale un recuadro vacío enorme y no tiene mucho sentido :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is a Special Edition and, as such, there are some special rules ^_^&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt; is that there's a Prose category and a Rhyme category; the winning answer in each category will get a bounty; and you can participate in both categories if you want!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the complete set of rules, check out the following links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Special Edition rules&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2756/13628&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf Christmas Special Edition 2017 rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;General rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, remember that symbols other than letters and numbers do not count towards the total length. You can use this link to check the length of your answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Have a lot of fun, Happy Holidays and a Merry Christmas!&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T10:20:42.877" Title="Translation Golf - Christmas Special Edition!" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-19T16:59:37.607" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23605" CreationDate="2017-12-19T16:17:12.100" Score="11" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4jv4R.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4jv4R.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que se ve en la imagen es mi monitor del trabajo con un adorno navideño al que suelo denominar &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gg86TKd&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;espumillón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrWBIV2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;guirnalda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, según cómo me dé. Sin embargo, en sus definiciones no encuentro realmente nada que diga que la palabra se refiera a este adorno concreto. Lo más parecido es la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;guirnalda&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Corona abierta, tejida de flores, hierbas o ramas, con que se ciñe la cabeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España, ¿cuál es pues el nombre exacto para referirse a este adorno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T16:34:45.117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T07:32:11.907" Title="¿Cuál es el nombre del adorno navideño que se ve en la foto?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23600" CreationDate="2017-12-19T17:26:33.720" Score="6" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought I had the &quot;&lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;but rather&quot;, &quot;with this exception&quot;, &quot;only this thing&quot;, etc.) vs &quot;&lt;em&gt;si no&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&quot;if not&quot;) distinction down.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Though I recently saw a confusing use of sino from a reasonably reputable source and after asking several native speakers, while they are not grammar experts nor familiar with the rules, they saw no problem with it. I reviewed the Fundéu and RAE explanations and am still at a loss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dejemos trabajar a la fiscalía, &lt;strong&gt;sino&lt;/strong&gt; vamos a enturbiar la investigación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://imgur.com/a/Sd346&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pic of the screen&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially with the use of the imperative &lt;em&gt;dejemos&lt;/em&gt;, I cannot convince myself of any other meaning besides this: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Let us allow the prosecutor to work, if not we will muddy the investigation&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. With the understanding being the investigation that the prosecutor is performing, not one he is under.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this just a common error that native speakers (and popular news stations) make or am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:22:02.403" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:22:02.403" Title="Is it correct to say &quot;Dejemos trabajar a la fiscalía, *sino* vamos a enturbiar la investigación&quot; or should we use &quot;si no&quot; instead?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23599" CreationDate="2017-12-19T17:33:25.307" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use you observed is definitely &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would have been the correct form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dejemos trabajar a la Fiscalía; si no, vamos a enturbiar la investigación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usages of &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt; you explained are correct; you can check the DPD article &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=sino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to answer your question: yes, it is a rather common error which many people make. News stations and newspapers are not an exception. In general, I'd recommend not to take any mass media as &quot;reputable source&quot; when it comes to grammar use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T17:02:32.847" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T17:02:32.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23598" CreationDate="2017-12-19T18:18:26.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile se llaman &quot;guirnaldas&quot; y nadie dejaría de llamarlas así por no aparecer con tal nombre en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como a mí me parecen bufandas de plumas de &lt;em&gt;burlesque&lt;/em&gt;, también conocidas como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boa_(prenda)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boas&lt;/a&gt;, voy a sugerir (sólo como juego de palabras, por supuesto):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5hjAT8A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;boa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. o f. Prenda femenina de piel o pluma y en forma de serpiente, para abrigo o adorno del cuello. U. menos c. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sa26i.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sa26i.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;boa (prenda)&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Me consta que no respondo la pregunta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T12:38:18.187" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T12:38:18.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23620" CreationDate="2017-12-19T19:19:05.050" Score="7" ViewCount="3827" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have yet to find a Nahuatl place name that Mexicans pronounce the original way.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mexico&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmexiko]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nahuatl pronunciation: [meːˈʃiʔko]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xochimilco&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spanish pronunciation: [sotʃiˈmilko]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nahuatl pronunciation: [ʃoːtʃiˈmiːlko]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Nahuatl word &quot;Huaxyacac&quot; [waːʃ.ˈja.kak] was transliterated as &quot;Oaxaca&quot; using Medieval Spanish orthography, in which the x represented the voiceless postalveolar fricative ([ʃ], the equivalent of English sh in &quot;shop&quot;), making &quot;Oaxaca&quot; pronounced as [waˈʃaka]. However, during the sixteenth century the voiceless fricative sound evolved into a voiceless velar fricative ([x], like the ch in Scottish &quot;loch&quot;), and Oaxaca began to be pronounced [waˈxaka]. &lt;em&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Mexico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any exceptions to this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17617" LastEditorUserId="17617" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T22:17:10.937" LastActivityDate="2020-04-12T19:35:11.903" Title="Do Mexicans still pronounce the &quot;x&quot; in any Nahuatl place names the Nahuatl way?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;náhuatl&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23602" CreationDate="2017-12-19T20:35:31.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not about Mexicans, it's about Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;&quot;x&quot;&lt;/em&gt; letter is the hardest letter to know how to pronounce it in Spanish, it basically doesn't have rules about its sound, so you have to know the word to pronounce it correctly. The origin of its use was for sounds unknown to the Spaniards or didn't have a letter to represent it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; can have the following sounds :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/x/&lt;/code&gt; like in &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ˈmexiko/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; like in &lt;em&gt;Xochimilco&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;[sotʃiˈmilko]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; like in &lt;em&gt;xoconostle&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ʃo.koˈnos.tɬe/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/t͡ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; like in &lt;em&gt;xoloitzcuintle&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/t͡ʃo.losˈkwiŋ.kle/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ks&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt; like in &lt;em&gt;examen&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ekˈsa.men/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples of how to pronounce the &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;:&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/representacion-de-sonidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/representacion-de-sonidos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;x-&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; + consonante &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;/gs/&lt;/code&gt; (en pron. general americana y culta enfática de España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; (en pron. general de España)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;-x-&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;/gs/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(&lt;code&gt;/j/&lt;/code&gt; en algunos topónimos y antropónimos, como &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Texas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Mexía&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answering your question :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mexico pronunciation has never been and will never be &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mecsico&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Spanish &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past a lot of people have tried to change the word México to Méjico, but we Mexicans like that &quot;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in our name, so we keep it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, remember that in the past it was pronounced as &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mechico&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and the natives where the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Mechicas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and not &quot;&lt;em&gt;aztecas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; like a lot of people think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to know if we pronounce it the way the Nahuatl does... we don't. We speak Spanish, not Nahuatl, with a different accent and a lot of regionalisms, but our language is still Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T23:14:57.553" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T23:14:57.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23598" CreationDate="2017-12-20T09:28:02.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México se le conoce como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com.mx/search?q=escarcha%20navide%C3%B1a&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi0-_idoZjYAhWJ3YMKHbyuBTYQ_AUICigB&amp;amp;biw=1920&amp;amp;bih=949&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escarcha navideña&lt;/a&gt;, y literalmente así la puedes pedir en tiendas o incluso &lt;a href=&quot;https://articulo.mercadolibre.com.mx/MLM-604888194-escarcha-navidena-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en línea&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LECOk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LECOk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T09:28:02.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23598" CreationDate="2017-12-20T13:15:31.827" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una vez más la RAE sale al rescate. He mantenido la siguiente conversación con la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/943461159260258304&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Tuit mío]&lt;/a&gt;: Buscando en el DLE &quot;guirnalda&quot; o &quot;espumillón&quot; no encuentro acepciones que identifiquen a este adorno navideño. ¿Tiene algún otro nombre o hay alguna definición pendiente de agregar a estas voces?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/943461830239883264&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Tuit RAE]&lt;/a&gt;: Ya está previsto incluir una nueva acepción de esta voz que refleje el objeto de adorno navideño actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/943466011155681281&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Tuit mío]&lt;/a&gt;: ¿Con &quot;esta voz&quot; se refieren a &quot;guirnalda&quot; o a &quot;espumillón&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/943468008831373312&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Tuit RAE]&lt;/a&gt;: A «espumillón».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;espumillón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es el término correcto, el cual contará en breve con una acepción al respecto del adorno navideño (aunque parece que en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?t=/docs/aviso.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;versión 23.1&lt;/a&gt; de 2017 del DLE no ha tenido tiempo de entrar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T07:32:11.907" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T07:32:11.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22617" CreationDate="2017-12-20T15:11:34.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just for the record, the RAE has just included &lt;em&gt;posverdad&lt;/em&gt; in the DLE (update 23.1 from december 20, 2017):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TqpLe0m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;posverdad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pos-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;verdad&lt;/em&gt;, trad. del ingl. &lt;em&gt;post-truth&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Distorsión deliberada de una realidad, que manipula creencias y emociones con el fin de influir en la opinión pública y en actitudes sociales. &lt;em&gt;Los demagogos son maestros de la posverdad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now you don't have to translate &lt;em&gt;post-truth&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;paparruchas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T15:11:34.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23608" CreationDate="2017-12-20T15:47:00.777" Score="4" ViewCount="2757" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahora que la RAE ha admitido (¡por fin!) la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z7mZk4e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;táper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario, me entra la duda: ¿cuál es su forma plural? &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según el DPD&lt;/a&gt; sería &quot;táperes&quot;, igual que &quot;másteres&quot; o &quot;pósteres&quot;, pero me suena horrible (supongo que por la falta de uso). ¿Es esa la forma con la que la gente suele formar hoy día el plural? ¿O se usa más la forma &quot;tapers&quot;? ¿O incluso dejarlo invariable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T15:59:03.400" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T20:31:33.517" Title="¿Cuál es el plural de &quot;táper&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23607" CreationDate="2017-12-20T16:07:14.783" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues tenemos la respuesta de la RAE a un tuit que pregunta como escribir &lt;em&gt;tupper&lt;/em&gt; y le contestan esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.#RAEconsultas Precisamente «táper», pl. «táperes», es la grafía que&#xA;  recomendamos en español como adaptación gráfica del inglés «tupper&#xA;  (ware)».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlace al tuit original y captura de la respuesta que da la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/933346538008477697&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/933346538008477697&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i38uA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i38uA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que según la RAE el plural es &lt;em&gt;táperes&lt;/em&gt; sin lugar a dudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T20:31:33.517" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T20:31:33.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-20T16:10:15.433" Score="7" ViewCount="15280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me corrigieron informándome de que si un listado tiene más de tres elementos debe colocarse una coma antes de la &quot;y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo con 3 elementos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay tres sabores: chocolate, vainilla y fresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo con más de 3 elementos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo cinco crayones: rojo, verde, azul, amarillo, y naranja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me parece un poco raro, pero no encuentro nada que directamente afirme o niegue esta &quot;regla&quot;.  ¿Será una regla anterior que se ha abandonado?  ¿Sigue en vigencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T19:47:01.230" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T18:32:44.933" Title="¿En ocasiones debe usarse coma antes de &quot;y&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23609" CreationDate="2017-12-20T16:26:26.393" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede haber ocasiones en las que una coma preceda a la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, @Mike menciona algunas en su respuesta, pero en el caso de las enumeraciones no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la web de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Coma#Enumeraciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; explica que se usa la coma entre los términos de una enumeración &lt;strong&gt;excepto en los unidos por una conjunción&lt;/strong&gt;. Poner esa coma es lo que se denomina &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Coma_de_Oxford&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coma de Oxford&lt;/a&gt; y según la entrada de wikilengua de este término «no es práctica general en inglés y en español se censura».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación el extracto de wikilengua que trata este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;1.2 Enumeraciones&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe coma entre los términos, simples o compuestos, de una enumeración, excepto los unidos por conjunción. Se considera&#xA;anglicismo ortográfico colocar, en estos casos, una coma seguida de&#xA;una conjunción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Todos vinieron a la fiesta: Pedro, Juan, María, César y Cristina.  &#xA;&#xA;⊗Todos vinieron a la fiesta: Pedro, Juan, María, César, y Cristina.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta coma se llama a menudo &lt;em&gt;coma de Oxford&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:15:34.887" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23609" CreationDate="2017-12-20T16:59:05.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ecoescritura.com/coma-antes-de-la-y/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En un blog llamado &quot;ecoescritura&quot;&lt;/a&gt;  hay algunos ejemplos de casos en los que la coma se puede utilizar antes de una &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se pone coma delante de y cuando alguna de las oraciones coordinadas tiene distinto sujeto o la primera tiene cierta extensión: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lleva toda la vida trabajando en distintos puestos de la construcción, y ahora nadie quiere darle un empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se escribe coma delante de estas conjunciones cuando la secuencia que encabezan no enlaza con el último de los miembros coordinados, sino con toda la proposición anterior: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se pasó el día leyendo, jugando y bebiendo, y al día siguiente tenía una resaca increíble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando en una relación de miembros gramaticalmente equivalentes, el último de ellos indica una conclusión o una consecuencia: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fueron al cine, comieron una hamburguesa, compraron ropa y zapatos, y aún así no mejoró su estado de ánimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la conjunción y tiene valor adversativo (equivalente a pero): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No podía comer dulces, y los comió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se repite la conjunción ante cada uno de los miembros coordinados (polisíndeton), se puede escribir (o no) comas entre todos ellos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es tan guapo, y tan listo, y tan cariñoso, y tan generoso, y huele tan bien, y me quiere tanto…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En una relación de elementos separados por punto y coma, el último, ante el que aparece la conjunción copulativa, puede ir precedido indistintamente de coma o punto y coma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el armario verde guarda los abrigos; en el blanco, las camisetas; en la cómoda azul, la ropa interior, y en el altillo, las cosas que no utiliza con frecuencia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando inmediatamente detrás de alguna de estas conjunciones viene cualquier elemento que deba aparecer aislado por comas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su padre, que es más bien tímido, y mi tío se pueden pasar horas sin hablar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;También se escribe coma delante de estas conjunciones cuando la secuencia que introducen supone especificaciones o aclaraciones a modo de inciso: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No para de hablar con una voz clara y segura, y eso que no sabía bien ni lo que tenía ni decir, pero ese hombre parece tener el arte de la oratoria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T15:10:19.473" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T15:10:19.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23613" CreationDate="2017-12-20T18:34:32.947" Score="6" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the hardest problems I have (aside from a weak vocabulary - which is easily fixable) is that when I am in a situation where I speak Spanish to someone I often have to have them slow down considerably in order to understand it. This sort of pulls me out of the immersive experience. I can often speak close to &quot;native speed&quot;, but I can't listen anywhere near it. It gets especially complicated with regional dialects where letters are cut out or words are entirely omitted. I have the same problem watching the news. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=872&amp;amp;v=2phQLNtWGr4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is an example&lt;/a&gt; of a clip that was &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; hard for me to understand initially. Not the words, but the speed at which he says them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I am using fluentu to try to &quot;learn to listen&quot; at a more native level. Is there anything else I can supplement to increase the speed at which I can listen to someone speak? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:08:30.033" Title="Learning to listen" Tags="&lt;conversación&gt;&lt;conversación-telefónica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23612" CreationDate="2017-12-20T20:21:47.270" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learning a language, like with learning most of other things it is not only about knowing what words mean and being able to express your thoughts. It has to come automatically and without having to think about what every word might mean. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned two languages and am learning a third one. The problem you describe has been common to all the languages I learnt. At some point I am able to understand most of the words I hear but I just can't figure out the meaning of the sentence fast enough, before the speaker is already expressing his/her next sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is all about practice. At some point you don't recognize at the word level, but at a somehow bigger pattern level. You recognize a whole sentence and you don't need to think about the single words. How you get this kind of practice depends on what works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way I found useful for me is to &lt;strong&gt;use the speed feature of YouTube&lt;/strong&gt;. You can set the speed to 50% of the normal speed, the pitch of the voice remains unchanged. I try to get familiar with the speech at that speed and then increase the speed gradually until reaching normal speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T08:34:19.423" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T08:34:19.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23609" CreationDate="2017-12-20T20:49:02.110" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿En ocasiones debe usarse coma antes de “y”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, en ocasiones debe usarse coma antes de &quot;y&quot;. No en el ejemplo que das, ni usando la regla que mencionas, pero en otros casos sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Cuándo NO se debe usar coma antes de &quot;y&quot;?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en otras respuestas y comentarios se menciona, pero acá dejo lo que dice la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso de la coma es incompatible con las conjunciones &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; cuando este signo se utiliza para separar elementos de una misma serie o miembros gramaticalmente equivalentes dentro de un mismo enunciado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la última frase de esa explicación se descarta el ejemplo que colocas, porque tenemos varios elementos de una misma serie además de la conjunción &quot;y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo cinco crayones: rojo, verde, azul, amarillo, y naranja. [incorrecto]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto podemos decir que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si un listado tiene más de tres elementos debe colocarse una coma antes de la &quot;y&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una regla que no es cierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;¿Cuándo SÍ se debe usar coma antes de &quot;y&quot;?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mismo enlace de la RAE explica los casos en los que la coma antes de &quot;y&quot; (y las otras conjunciones mencionadas:  &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;) es necesaria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Énfasis mío&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hay otros casos en que &lt;strong&gt;no solo&lt;/strong&gt; el uso conjunto de la coma y la conjunción es &lt;strong&gt;admisible&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sino necesario&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.1. En una relación compuesta de elementos complejos que se separan unos de otros por punto y coma, delante de la conjunción que introduce el último de ellos se escribe una coma (o también un punto y coma; → punto y coma, 3a): &lt;em&gt;En el armario colocó la vajilla; en el cajón, los cubiertos; en los estantes, los vasos, y los alimentos, en la despensa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.2. Se escribe coma delante de estas conjunciones cuando la secuencia que encabezan enlaza con todo el predicado anterior, y no con el último de sus miembros coordinados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pagó el traje, el bolso y los zapatos, y salió de la tienda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.3. Cuando se enlazan miembros gramaticalmente equivalentes dentro de un mismo enunciado, si el último de ellos es semánticamente heterogéneo con respecto a los anteriores (es decir, no introduce un elemento perteneciente a la misma serie o enumeración), por indicar normalmente una conclusión o una consecuencia, se escribe coma delante de la conjunción: &lt;em&gt;Pintaron las paredes de la habitación, cambiaron la disposición de los muebles, pusieron alfombras nuevas, y quedaron encantados con el resultado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.4. Es frecuente, aunque no obligatorio, que entre oraciones coordinadas se ponga coma delante de la conjunción cuando la primera tiene cierta extensión y, especialmente, cuando tienen sujetos distintos: &lt;em&gt;La mujer salía de casa a la misma hora todas las mañanas, y el agente seguía sus pasos sin levantar sospechas&lt;/em&gt;; ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.5. Cuando la conjunción y tiene valor adversativo (equivalente a pero), puede ir precedida de coma: &lt;em&gt;Le aconsejé que no comprara esa casa, y no hizo caso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.6. Debe escribirse coma delante o detrás de cualquiera de estas conjunciones si inmediatamente antes o después hay un inciso o cualquier otro elemento que deba ir aislado por comas del resto del enunciado: &lt;em&gt;Mi abuelo, que era un gran aficionado a la poesía, y el maestro del pueblo fundaron una revista literaria&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T16:16:15.947" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T16:16:15.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23616" CreationDate="2017-12-20T21:07:04.630" Score="7" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Backstory&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diezmar&lt;/em&gt; is a more modern version of &lt;em&gt;dezmar&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;to decimate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many verbs undergo diphthongization in their conjugations when &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/20696/20700&quot;&gt;stressed syllables fall on historic vowels&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ɛ/&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ɔ/&lt;/code&gt; from Latin. e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;nsar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;nso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;der&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;do&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can think of no other examples where this diphthongization carries on into the (unstressed position) in the infinitive (and thus &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; conjugated forms).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DitQLZk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;claims&lt;/a&gt; the addition of the diphthong is due to the influence of (the noun) &lt;em&gt;diezmo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DitQLZk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diezmar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;dezmar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;por infl. de &lt;em&gt;diezmo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any other examples of verbs which have changed their form under the influence of a noun cognate?&lt;/strong&gt; And if not, why did it happen with this verb? e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dezmar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;d&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;zmar&lt;/em&gt; (por inf. de &lt;em&gt;d&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;zmo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;*p&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;nsar&lt;/em&gt; (por inf. de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SxBPv3A|SxCsyei&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;nso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;*c&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;ntar&lt;/em&gt; (por inf. de &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;ue&lt;/strong&gt;nto&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I am not looking for instances of verbs which have diphthongs due to the Latin root having two neighbouring vowels e.g. &lt;em&gt;or&lt;strong&gt;ie&lt;/strong&gt;ntar&lt;/em&gt; from Latin &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/document/158436269/Diccionario-Critico-Etimologico-castellano-MI-RI-Corominas-Joan-pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;strong&gt;iē&lt;/strong&gt;ns&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Etymological history of relevant terms:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SHd0K.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SHd0K.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=diezmar%2Cdezmar&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams&lt;/a&gt; comparison of &lt;em&gt;diezmar&lt;/em&gt; (earliest e.g. 1728) and &lt;em&gt;dezmar&lt;/em&gt; (earliest e.g. 1610). &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T18:31:59.180" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T18:26:13.683" Title="Why does &quot;diezmar&quot; have a diphthong, and do similar verbs exist?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23615" CreationDate="2017-12-20T22:47:08.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diezmar&lt;/em&gt; has a diphthong because of &lt;em&gt;diezmo&lt;/em&gt;, as the DLE says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could have happened by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-formation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;backformation&lt;/a&gt; and re-derivation: once you have &lt;em&gt;diezmo&lt;/em&gt;, you remove the suffix &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; that makes it a regular masculine noun and then add &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; to turn it into a verb. There's another verb that means the same, but the speakers don't like the fact that it has another root and forget it in favor of the one they've created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or it could be because of analogy: &lt;em&gt;dezmar&lt;/em&gt; has several very common obviously related words and they all have a diphthong, so the verb changes to match the rest of the family. The noun &lt;em&gt;diezmo&lt;/em&gt; was probably more common than the verb, and it was &quot;backed up&quot; by the extremely common numeral &lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt; (and &lt;em&gt;dieciséis, diecisiete, dieciocho, diecinueve&lt;/em&gt;). The only other form of this historical root that doesn't have the diphthong when stressed is &lt;em&gt;décimo&lt;/em&gt;, but it is a bit technical and not nearly as common as the numerals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general one would expect that &quot;irregular&quot; vowel-alternating verbs would become regularized, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/hisverbr.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;has happened in a few verbs&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;em&gt;prestar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;entregar&lt;/em&gt; (whose Latin roots had lax /ɛ/ and which had forms like &lt;em&gt;priesto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;entriego&lt;/em&gt; in Old Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are however a few cases of regular verbs (with a Latin root in /e/) that actually took the other way and diphthongized, like &lt;em&gt;sembrar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;colar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you loosen the requirements a bit, you can find a lot of newer verbs that have a diphthong in all forms (that is, they don't alternate). However that's not because they've shifted from older alternating forms but because they were derived from nouns where the Latin root had a short (later lax) vowel which then turned into a diphthong. Since Spanish noun inflection never shifts the stress, nouns don't alternate vowels, so if a noun acquired the diphthong, it stayed there in every word that was derived from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have e. g. &lt;em&gt;puente&lt;/em&gt; from Latin &lt;em&gt;pŏntis&lt;/em&gt;, but the modern verb that means &quot;to go over sthg./sbdy.; to make a direct connection in a circuit&quot; is &lt;em&gt;puentear&lt;/em&gt;, because it was formed on modern &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UZtOEos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIeaLdH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. In the same way there is &lt;em&gt;fiestear&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;fiesta&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; Latin &lt;em&gt;fĕsta&lt;/em&gt; (but &lt;em&gt;festejar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to party, to celebrate* keeps the monophthong /e/ in the first syllable), and &lt;em&gt;afiebrarse&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;fiebre&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; L. &lt;em&gt;fĕbris&lt;/em&gt; (but we also have the somewhat cultured &lt;em&gt;febril&lt;/em&gt;), and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BaVzijF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuerdear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;cuerda&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; L. &lt;em&gt;chŏrda&lt;/em&gt; (but also &lt;em&gt;cordón&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cordaje&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T22:47:08.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23617" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-20T23:06:42.090" Score="24" ViewCount="2196" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a specifically created Community Wiki which gathers resources for learning Spanish and it has been approved by the Community itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be clear that &lt;strong&gt;the resources are not written by one user or only by the mods, but &lt;em&gt;by whoever wants to contribute&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please &lt;strong&gt;don't add new answers unless a whole new category is needed. Just edit the appropriate answer/section to include the resource(s) you want to be listed&lt;/strong&gt;. If you have concerns, questions, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;post a meta question&lt;/a&gt;, so we don't clutter the comments, but you can link your meta question from the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding such resources &lt;strong&gt;will be closed as duplicates of this one&lt;/strong&gt;, except for very specific requests not yet included in any of the current answers (ask on &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Meta&lt;/a&gt; if you're unsure about your question). As read in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2514/&quot;&gt;Resources for Learning Spanish&lt;/a&gt; in Meta, if you pose a question asking for resources not yet covered by answers to this one, we may leave your question open for some days while it gathers answers; once it's answered, we may move its answers here and close it as a duplicate of this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How this page is organized&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each answer covers a particular category.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include a short summary with each link, describing how it is useful or who it is useful to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep your entries as succinct as possible to maintain a easy-to-follow list format.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't include links to any illegal/copyright violating content, or sites that host such content.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are a developer/provider of the resource you are adding, follow our community &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/faq#promotion&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt; on self-promotion by including text similar to &amp;quot;developed/maintained by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;your user account link&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; to the resource description.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comments here will be fairly aggressively moderated to preserve the presentation of the list. If you have a larger comment or complaint, either talk to a moderator in the chatroom or open a meta question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: new rules could be added in the future.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Alphabetical Index&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23623/13628&quot;&gt;Audio pronunciation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24314/13628&quot;&gt;Corpora&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23618/1674&quot;&gt;Dictionaries (online)&lt;/a&gt;: Stand-alone or dictionary files for you to use on your computer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24315/13628&quot;&gt;Dictionaries (hard-back or paper-back)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24098/1674&quot;&gt;How to learn Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23617/resources-for-learning-spanish/24298#24298&quot;&gt;Lists of words&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23645/1674&quot;&gt;Mobile apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23635/9385&quot;&gt;Podcasts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23635/9385&quot;&gt;Television&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23630/1674&quot;&gt;Netflix&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23644/18348&quot;&gt;Thesauri&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23632/1674&quot;&gt;Websites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/37575/1674&quot;&gt;Writing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24312/9385&quot;&gt;Other reference resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="19182" LastEditDate="2021-02-20T20:11:23.163" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T15:47:44.590" Title="Resources for learning Spanish / Recursos para aprender español" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;&lt;aprendizaje&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="17" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-20T23:07:55.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-20T23:07:48.907" Score="14" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Dictionaries (online)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Dictionaries by the Real Academia Española (RAE)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; are both accessible from the main page of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/a&gt; (RAE) web site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (DLE)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; (DPD)&lt;/a&gt; (2005 edition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; (DAMER)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also access those from the main page of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE)&lt;/a&gt; web site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Monolingual Spanish dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diclib.com/cgi-bin/d1.cgi?l=es&amp;amp;base=alkonageneral&amp;amp;page=showindex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua Alkona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, indexed search only.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DicLib allows &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diclib.com/cgi-bin/d.cgi?page=search&amp;amp;l=es&amp;amp;category=cat4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;searching by word&lt;/a&gt; too, but for this it uses many other dictionaries besides the Alkona. There's a link to them in &lt;strong&gt;Specialized dictionaries&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.diccionarios.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VOX and Larousse dictionaries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://clave.smdiccionarios.com/app.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario CLAVE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WordReference uses the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/definicion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Espasa-Calpe dictionary (2005 edition)&lt;/a&gt; to search word definitions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://espasa.planetasaber.com/default.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enciclopedia Espasa&lt;/em&gt; online search&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;es.thefreedictionary.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lexico.com/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lexico (Oxford)&lt;/a&gt; choose &lt;em&gt;Spanish&lt;/em&gt; in the dropdown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Regional monolingual dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.org.mx/obras/obras-de-consulta-en-linea/diccionario-breve-de-mexicanismos-de-guido-gomez-de-silva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario breve de mexicanismos de Guido Gómez de Silva (Academia Mexicana de la Lengua)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Bilingual dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishcentral.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster's Spanish Central&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguee.com/english-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee&lt;/a&gt; - Includes definitions and many naturally occurring usage examples, side by side.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wiktionary.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PONS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/browse/spanish-english/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/dictionary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanishdict.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lexico.com/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lexico (Oxford)&lt;/a&gt; choose &lt;em&gt;Spanish-English&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;English-Spanish&lt;/em&gt; in the dropdown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Specialized dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dej.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español &lt;strong&gt;jurídico&lt;/strong&gt; (DEJ)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (accesible also from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE web&lt;/a&gt;'s main page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://enclavedeciencia.rae.es/inicio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enclave de ciencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. A site to check the meaning of science-related words. It includes in one web site the words marked in the DLE as related to any science field, plus the &lt;a href=&quot;https://aeter.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AETER dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://dicciomed.usal.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dicciomed&lt;/a&gt; from the Salamanca University, and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.raing.es/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Dictionary of Engineering&lt;/a&gt; from the Royal Engineering Academy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario &lt;strong&gt;etimológico&lt;/strong&gt; español en línea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. A Chilean Spanish etymology dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://medicine.dundee.ac.uk/studying-populations-epilex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Epilex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a free tool for translation of terms in &lt;strong&gt;epidemiology&lt;/strong&gt; between nine languages including Spanish and English. Windows only. (Also includes Catalan and Portuguese.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo diccionario histórico del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (NDHE). Information on the &lt;strong&gt;history of words&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fichero de la RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Cards with notes on words that may or may not have ended up being accepted to the official dictionary. Useful to check &lt;strong&gt;alternative, deprecated, or regional meanings of words&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.raing.es/es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Español de Ingeniería (DEI)&lt;/a&gt;. Made by the Real Academia de Ingeniería. Lets you make exact or approximate searchs of &lt;strong&gt;engineering&lt;/strong&gt; terms, as well as filter by field of knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jergasdehablahispana.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jergas de Habla Hispana&lt;/a&gt;. Single-person project to build a dictionary of Spanish &lt;strong&gt;slang words&lt;/strong&gt;. You can search by word or by country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Glosario de Terminología informática&lt;/a&gt;. Single-person project to build a glossary about &lt;strong&gt;IT terms and related engineering topics&lt;/strong&gt;. English-Spanish. Started offline in the 80s, went online in 2003.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diclib.com/cgi-bin/d.cgi?l=es&amp;amp;page=dicts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DicLib offers a ton of technical Spanish dictionaries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www6.uniovi.es/links/idiomas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Universidad de Oviedo's compilation of Spanish dictionaries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_diccionarios_en_Internet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua en Español also has a list of dictionaries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ictioterm.es/glosario_alfabetico_nombres_vernaculos.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ictioterm&lt;/a&gt;, glossary of common names of fishes from the Andalusian coast, with surprisingly elaborate etymologies (for a fish glossary, I mean).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Other dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española&lt;/a&gt; (NTLLE), a dictionary of dictionaries (both monolingual and bilingual) that compiles a wide selection of works that define the lexical heritage of the Spanish language, and covering the last 500 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt;. Check simultaneously six editions from the academic dictionary (editions 1780, 1817, 1884, 1925, 1992 and 2001).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iedra.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Iedra&lt;/a&gt;. An &amp;quot;inverse dictionary&amp;quot; where you can find a Spanish word provided that you know its meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://recursosdidacticos.es/goodrae/info.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Goodrae&lt;/a&gt;. An alternative interface to RAE's online dictionary (DLE) that let you search by lemma and turned every word into a clickable link to the corresponding definition, in a time when the DLE didn't (this functionality has long since been implemented in the DLE too). Goodrae also functions as an inverse dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-12-07T09:42:33.260" LastActivityDate="2020-12-07T09:42:33.260" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-20T23:07:55.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23586" CreationDate="2017-12-20T23:11:41.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te diría que por dos razones: los dibujos animados y series, y la tónica macarra y rebelde de los 90.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;em&gt;Simpson&lt;/em&gt;, entre otros, cuando Bart llama &quot;viejo&quot; a su padre. Las traducciones de Latinoamérica que llegan a España, como &lt;em&gt;Scooby Doo&lt;/em&gt;, pueden ser ejemplos de normalización de su uso. &lt;em&gt;El príncipe de Bel Air&lt;/em&gt;, y una cantidad de series americanas de los 90 propiciaron su uso, yo creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A eso le sumas el ambiente de los 90, &lt;em&gt;et voilà&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas hoy en día apenas se usa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2429" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T13:33:34.390" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T13:33:34.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23602" CreationDate="2017-12-21T00:16:17.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is a list of Spanish words of Nahuatl origin containing &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; in their current (and/or historic) orthographies (etymology in brackets). They are organised by their general pronunciation, but note that there is some variation among this, with more conservative pronunciations found in some Mexican dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;x = /x/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jacal (&lt;strong&gt;xahcalli&lt;/strong&gt;), jalapa (&lt;strong&gt;Xalapa&lt;/strong&gt;), ejote (&lt;strong&gt;exōtl&lt;/strong&gt;), jícara (&lt;strong&gt;xīcalli&lt;/strong&gt;), jilote (&lt;strong&gt;xīlōtl&lt;/strong&gt;), Jalisco (&lt;strong&gt;Xalixco&lt;/strong&gt;), jocote (&lt;strong&gt;xocotl&lt;/strong&gt;) , ajolote (&lt;strong&gt;āxōlōtl&lt;/strong&gt;), jocoque (&lt;strong&gt;xocoqui&lt;/strong&gt;), jitomate (&lt;strong&gt;xitomātl&lt;/strong&gt;), guaje/huaje (&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.unilang.org/viewtopic.php?t=42709&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(h)uāxin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), molcajete (&lt;strong&gt;mōlcaxitl&lt;/strong&gt;), tejocote (&lt;strong&gt;texocotl&lt;/strong&gt;), guajolote (&lt;strong&gt;huehxōlōtl&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Méjico/México (&lt;strong&gt;Mēxihco&lt;/strong&gt;),  joconostle/xoconostle (&lt;strong&gt;xoconōchtli&lt;/strong&gt;)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chauixtle, Oaxaca (&lt;strong&gt;Huāxyacac&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;x = /ks/ ~ /gs/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nixtamal (&lt;strong&gt;nextamalli&lt;/strong&gt;), Tlaxcala (&lt;strong&gt;Tlaxcallān&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;x = /s/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;socoyote/xocoyote (&lt;strong&gt;xōcōyotl&lt;/strong&gt;), soconostle/xoconostle(&lt;strong&gt;xoconōchtli&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xochimilco (&lt;strong&gt;xochimilco&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cempasúchil (&lt;strong&gt;cempōhualxōchitl&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;x = /ʃ/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/mixiote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mixiote&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixiote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mexiote&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;mexiotl&lt;/strong&gt;), Xochimilck (&lt;strong&gt;xochimilco&lt;/strong&gt;), xoloitzcuintle (&lt;strong&gt;xoloitzcuintli&lt;/strong&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opuntia#Fruto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;xoconostle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;x = /t͡ʃ/&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chocolate (&lt;strong&gt;xocolātl&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;chocolātl&lt;/strong&gt;),&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Chalmichi (&lt;strong&gt;xalmichin&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1. Origin uncertain. See: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26358/c%c3%b3mo-se-convirti%c3%b3-el-xocoatl-del-n%c3%a1huatl-en-chocolate-es-esta-su-etimolog&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se convirti&amp;#243; el &amp;quot;xocoatl&amp;quot; del n&amp;#225;huatl en &amp;quot;chocolate&amp;quot;? &amp;#191;Es esta su etimolog&amp;#237;a real?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/245/why-is-the-x-in-m%C3%A9xico-and-texas-pronunced-as-the-letter-j&quot;&gt;Why is the &amp;quot;X&amp;quot; in &amp;#39;M&amp;#233;xico&amp;#39; or &amp;#39;Texas&amp;#39; pronunced as the letter &amp;quot;J&amp;quot;? / &amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; la &amp;quot;X&amp;quot; de palabras como &amp;quot;M&amp;#233;xico&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;Texas&amp;quot; se pronuncian como &amp;quot;J&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nahuatlismos_en_el_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nahuatlismos_en_el_idioma_español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-12T19:35:11.903" LastActivityDate="2020-04-12T19:35:11.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17145" CreationDate="2017-12-21T03:38:15.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque la respuesta ya ha sido asignada, quisiera proponer otro enfoque que puede terminar en el foro de Mathematics, pero creo que vale la pena.&#xA;Partamos de una teoría. 1) una lista de palabras van desapareciendo de un idioma de una forma &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crecimiento_exponencial#Decrecimiento_exponencial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exponencial&lt;/a&gt;, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;N(t) = N&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;e&lt;sup&gt;-λt&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cristiano&lt;/em&gt;, N(t) son las palabras que se usan hoy, N&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; es el número de palabras que se quieren conocer, para nuestro caso, las palabras del hablante del pasado. e = 2,71828182845... (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Valor de e&lt;/a&gt;), t viene en milenios (cuantos milenios han pasado en el tiempo, si hablas de alguien de 1617 t = 0,4) y (aquí se pone fea la fórmula) si no me falla la memoria (hace rato no manejo exponenciales) λ es el porcentaje de palabras que cambian cada milenio.&#xA;(véase Calculo con Geometría analítica de Edwards &amp;amp; Penney, capítulo 7 sección 5)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta ahí todo suena &lt;em&gt;bello e incomprensible...&lt;/em&gt; pero nuestro problema surge a la hora de llenar la formula: ¿Cuántas palabras usa el hispanohablante del pasado (N&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;)? Alguna vez leí que personas con poca preparación le basta con 900 palabras en el día a día (no tengo la fuente, pero no me convence), o un ejemplo que me convence más lo vemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.defensacentral.com/ustedpregunta/categoria/gramatica/cual-es-el-minimo-de-palabras-necesarias-para-comunicarse-en-una-lengua/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;. Y al haber establecido las palabras de nuestro huésped del pasado, lo más bonito de todo... ¿Cuál es el valor de λ en español? y en ese punto se enreda esta respuesta. En un ejercicio del libro anteriormente citado, dan como valor del inglés λ=0.77 (es decir que  cada milenio cambian 77% de vocablos) pero google academics no me ayuda mucho con el tema en español. No sé si en la RAE se conozca el valor o se tenga un aprox. pero si aplicas la fórmula con los valores válidos, se tendría un valor de cuantos vocablos se seguirían usando hoy día. (valga aclarar que hay términos que aunque en desuso, son comprensibles)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T03:44:07.947" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T03:44:07.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23405" CreationDate="2017-12-21T08:00:24.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la segunda acepción, yo añadiría el adverbio &quot;conscientemente&quot; para no dejar lugar a dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La congresista &lt;strong&gt;ignora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;conscientemente&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esa manera dejamos claro que la congresista es &lt;em&gt;consciente&lt;/em&gt; de que está ignorando las palabras del general (y por tanto queda excluida la posibilidad de que no las conociese):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=ANybMv4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consciente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;consciens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;, part. act. de &lt;em&gt;conscīre&lt;/em&gt; 'saber perfectamente'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una persona: Que tiene conocimiento de algo o se da cuenta de ello, especialmente de los propios actos y sus consecuencias. &lt;em&gt;Consciente de su error.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18426" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T08:12:20.907" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T08:12:20.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-21T08:39:35.953" Score="12" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Audio pronunciation&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/languages/es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forvo&lt;/a&gt; contains thousands of Spanish words pronounced by natives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google translator&lt;/a&gt; can read aloud any Spanish phrase you type in, with a synthesized voice, as well as attempting to do machine translations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://espeak.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eSpeak&lt;/a&gt; is a free, open source tool (must be installed locally) to convert text to speech. The voice is rather mechanical, but it can also be made to produce reasonably accurate IPA transcriptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rhinospike.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RhinoSpike&lt;/a&gt; connects you with native speakers of Spanish (and many other languages) who will record your requested text as audio. In exchange, you do the same for those learning your native language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;YouTube&lt;/a&gt; lets you change the speed at which videos play, a feature that can be used to practice your listening. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23613/13628&quot;&gt;Quoting julodnik&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;&quot;You can set the speed to 50% of the normal speed, the pitch of the voice remains unchanged. I try to get familiar with the speech at that speed and then increase the speed gradually until reaching normal speed.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T09:17:14.660" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T09:17:14.660" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-21T08:39:35.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-21T12:02:31.910" Score="4" ViewCount="5322" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el chat que tenemos para tratar los juegos de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/41881995#41881995&quot;&gt;Translation Golf!&lt;/a&gt; hemos hablado del &lt;em&gt;diente de león&lt;/em&gt; y al preguntar a @walen si los llamaban &lt;strong&gt;abuelitos&lt;/strong&gt; por sus tierras me ha dicho que jamás ha oído eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado muchas referencias pero en algunos blogs sí se menciona ese nombre. en uno de esos blogs aparecen varios nombres uno de ellos «meacamas» que también reconozco, a la flor le llamamos &lt;em&gt;meacamas&lt;/em&gt; y a la bola que forman las semillas &lt;em&gt;abuelito&lt;/em&gt;. (Soy del País Vasco.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser una planta tan omnipresente, los nombres comunes son tantos&#xA;como los pueblos que la conocen, aludiendo a una u otra de sus muchas&#xA;propiedades atribuidas.(...) o a la característica bola blanca de&#xA;vilanos de su fruto (&amp;quot;Panaderos&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Abuelos&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://javibichos.blogspot.com.es/2013/09/diente-de-leon.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://javibichos.blogspot.com.es/2013/09/diente-de-leon.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se le llama «abuelito» y dónde? ¿Qué otros nombres tiene el diente de león en vuestras regiones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T11:17:17.523" Title="¿De dónde viene llamar &quot;abuelito&quot; al diente de león?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23612" CreationDate="2017-12-21T14:08:30.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is a partial answer to supplement what others have already contributed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please don't get discouraged.  You are actually facing two different challenges with the particular clip you cited.  The speaker explains that he is originally from Cuba.  It is often said, &quot;En Cuba se comen las eses.&quot;  In other words, in Cuba, people often drop the S, just as in English, it is not unusual for someone with a Southern accent to drop the G in a word ending with -ing.  (There are other regional variants that drop the S too.)  This adds a special challenge, if you aren't regularly exposed to that style of pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that the closed captions for that clip are worse than useless doesn't help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that leads me to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good closed captions can be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:08:30.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23668" CreationDate="2017-12-21T14:51:03.983" Score="6" ViewCount="10240" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE se puede ver la definición de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EN8xffh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;edad de merecer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Época en que los jóvenes buscan mujer o marido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejando de lado que la frase me parece un poco cómica, ¿cuál es su origen? ¿Qué se &amp;quot;merece&amp;quot; alguien a determinada edad? ¿El amor? ¿Las dotes que se regalaban en el pasado para casarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-02-07T22:51:21.807" Title="¿Cual es el origen de la expresión &quot;estar en edad de merecer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23626" CreationDate="2017-12-21T16:18:32.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;He buscado en el CORDE y en la hemeroteca de la BNE (el caso más antiguo es de principios del siglo XIX), pero no he encontrado nada que indique a qué se puede referir ese &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, consultando el DLE vemos que hay una acepción de &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt; que es intransitiva y que, por tanto, no se refiere a ningún objeto directo concreto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OzffqGN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;merecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Hacer méritos, buenas obras, ser digno de premio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta acepción, la &lt;em&gt;edad de merecer&lt;/em&gt; sería sencillamente la edad en la que tienes que empezar a hacerte valer por ti mismo sin depender de nadie. Es decir, la edad a la que tienes que empezar a hacer méritos y ser digno de premio (entiendo yo que se refiere en este caso a ser digno de reconocimiento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, entre los premios también estaría el amor, dado que también tienes que hacerte valer para encontrar una pareja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T16:18:32.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23624" CreationDate="2017-12-21T18:08:58.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente el DLE en una versión más antigua recogía esa entrada (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española (2001)&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abuelo, la.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. vulg. Ál. Vilano del fruto de ciertas plantas, especialmente si es grande y de filamentos suaves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la definición de vilano:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bocQ93E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vilano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Apéndice de pelos o filamentos que corona el fruto de muchas plantas compuestas y le sirve para ser transportado por el aire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por lo que se puede ver allí, era algo específico de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Álava&lt;/a&gt;. Habría que ver por qué se quitó esa entrada de las ediciones más nuevas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, otro de los significados de abuelo, que si se conserva en el nuevo DLE es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0DKKo2d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Cada uno de los mechoncitos que quedan sueltos en la nuca cuando se atiranta el cabello hacia arriba. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que estos &amp;quot;mechoncitos&amp;quot; o pelusas que quedarían en el cuello al recoger el cabello se asemejan a las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipsela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cipsela&lt;/a&gt; (pelitos) del diente de león.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T18:32:18.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22455" CreationDate="2017-12-21T20:18:39.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm drawing a lot on this summarized &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/hisverb.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;history of the Spanish verb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish first-conjugation verbs (&lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; verbs) descend from Latin &lt;em&gt;-āre&lt;/em&gt;. The phonetical evolution of these verbs from Latin to Romance was fairly straightforward. Most of the irregulars in this conjugation class belong to a well-known type of &quot;regular irregulars&quot;, which &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophony&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alternate&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt; (like &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt; (like &lt;em&gt;contar&lt;/em&gt;) following a simple rule. (This diphthongization has to do with the historical source of the vowel in Latin, and is not exclusive of the &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; class.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish second and third conjugations (&lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs) descend from the Latin conjugations in &lt;em&gt;-ĕre, -ēre, -īre&lt;/em&gt;. The first two were merged early in Ibero-Romance, and some verbs then shifted from &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; (a few went the other way). These two conjugations share very similar inflections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-er/-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs did not evolve phonetically as neatly as the others because in the original Latin form there was an unstressed front vowel (/e/ or /i/) between the verbal root and the ending in some forms. This vowel regularly turned into a yod or semivowel (/j/, like English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;), this being part of a general tendency in Spanish to turn consecutive vowels in hiatus into diphthongs ([eo] &gt; [jo], [ea] &gt; [ja], etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This yod had all sorts of effects on nearby sounds. In the case of the &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs, if there was a tense mid vowel in the root (/e/ or /o/) the yod raised it, turning /e/ into /i/ and /o/ into /u/. In Romance linguistics this is customarily called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphony&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metaphony&lt;/a&gt;; it's a form of anticipatory &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assimilation_(phonology)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;assimilation&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/2751/vowel-harmony-in-spanish&quot;&gt;Metaphony is common in Romance languages&lt;/a&gt; and elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The yod dissapeared after this root-vowel raising. Thus we got patterns like those in &lt;em&gt;medir&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;mido&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;midió&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there was a lax mid vowel (/ɛ/ or /ɔ/, descended from Latin short vowels), the pattern described above combined with the diphthongization already mentioned, producing a three-way alternation: &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;muero&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;murió&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;siento&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;sintió&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verbs where the root ended in a velar consonant (/k/ or /g/) &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/consr.htm#kandg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palatalized this consonant&lt;/a&gt; before front vowels (/e/ or /i/), which added other irregularities. Thus for &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, the underlying stem &lt;em&gt;dec-&lt;/em&gt; (with metaphony, &lt;em&gt;dic-&lt;/em&gt;) gave both [diʦe] (modern &lt;em&gt;dice&lt;/em&gt;) and [diko] (modern &lt;em&gt;digo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a whole other story with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21943/por-qu%C3%A9-del-lat%C3%ADn-teneo-qued%C3%B3-espa%C3%B1ol-tengo-con-una-g-intercalada/21949#21949&quot;&gt;verbs that insert &lt;em&gt;-g-&lt;/em&gt; in the first person&lt;/a&gt;, like &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;, again because of the presence of a front vowel in the ending.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add generous doses of analogy, regularizing verbs that had only a few irregular forms, or extending the irregular forms of some very common verbs to others of the same general phonetic shape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are some of the factors are what made the second and third conjugations so riddled with irregularities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-09-16T12:07:29.920" LastActivityDate="2019-09-16T12:07:29.920" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-21T23:13:16.337" Score="11" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Television&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spain  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Corporación de Radio y Televisión Española&lt;/em&gt; is the state-owned public corporation that assumed the indirect management of the Spanish public radio and television service (RTVE). Its web site hosts several Spanish channels being broadcasted live (including &lt;em&gt;La1&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;La2&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Clan&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;24h&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Teledeporte&lt;/em&gt;), and lots of contents on demand (series, documentaries, cartoons and others, for all ages). - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.rtve.es&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/historia-de-nuestro-cine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historia de nuestro cine&lt;/a&gt;. Spanish films with an introduction by experts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;atresplayer&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Atresmedia&lt;/em&gt;'s service for both live and on-demand streaming of its contents (including the Spanish channels &lt;em&gt;Antena3&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;laSexta&lt;/em&gt;). - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atresplayer.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.atresplayer.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mitele&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Mediaset España&lt;/em&gt;'s service for both live and on-demand streaming of its contents (including the Spanish channels &lt;em&gt;Tele5&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cuatro&lt;/em&gt;). - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mitele.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.mitele.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Regional&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I you are interested in listening to the way people speak Spanish in the different regions search for the public TV internet streaming for each country. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Argentina&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tvpublica.com.ar/vivo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Television Pública Argentina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tn.com.ar/envivo/24hs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.radionacional.co/players/radionacional/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Radio Nacional de Colombia (audio only)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.canalrcn.com/streamingrcn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Canal RCN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://noticias.caracoltv.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Canal Caracol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://panamericana.pe/tvenvivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Panamericana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Not regionally specific&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://libguides.library.albany.edu/c.php?g=536813&amp;amp;p=3674910&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latin American &amp;amp; Spanish Videos Freely Available on the Internet: A Guide to Web Sources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-11-13T14:13:30.293" LastActivityDate="2019-11-13T14:13:30.293" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-21T23:13:16.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-22T10:30:45.050" Score="9" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Thesauri&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sinonimos.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sinónimos.com&lt;/a&gt; - Web page specialized in synonyms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de sinónimos y antónimos, by WordReference&lt;/a&gt; - A section in WordReference dedicated to Spanish synonyms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T10:30:45.050" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-22T10:30:45.050" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23221" CreationDate="2017-12-22T10:56:30.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión es que simplemente está dándole un valor a su poema a pesar de no estar escrito en el idioma que en aquella época era considerado culto (latín). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los tres primeros versos está justificandose por utilizar el latín vulgar y en el último está añadiendo que no utilizar latín no le quita al poema todo el valor, al menos un vaso de buen vino valdrá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que la palabra que mejor cuadra semánticamente en un poema puede no cuadrar rítmicamente. Cuando hay que elegir entre semántica y ritmo, no es raro que muchos poetas se decanten por el ritmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T10:56:30.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23640" CreationDate="2017-12-22T11:24:00.833" Score="8" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;La quinta acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BatAWF0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuesco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el DLE es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Ingen&lt;/em&gt;. En las minas de Riotinto, España, escoria procedente de los hornos de manga.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha llamado la atención el que hace referencia a una localización geográfica muy limitada y concreta: &quot;&lt;em&gt;En las &lt;strong&gt;minas de Riotinto, España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las otras voces del DLE que recuerdo con una referencia geográfica concreta son todas a provincias o  regiones (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Soria&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ycMwec&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bote&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). Pero ¿una mina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay otros casos similares, de localización extrema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T12:11:06.557" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:31:42.830" Title="En el DLE ¿hay más casos de acepciones tan localizadas regionalmente como la 5ª de &quot;cuesco&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-22T13:54:27.477" Score="9" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Podcasts&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://radioambulante.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Radio Ambulante&lt;/a&gt; - 2014 winner of the Gabriel García Márquez Prize for Innovation in Journalism.  Distributed by National Public Radio (US), tells Latin American stories through audio, but the site includes transcripts and translations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alaaventura.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A la aventura&lt;/a&gt; - High quality audio.  The podcasts are categorized as Classics, Science Fiction, Fantasy, Horror, Humor, Young Readers, Nonfiction, Romance, Theater, or Thriller.  Lisa has written about it &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/17548839/Latin-American-Spanish-podcasts$comment_id=26716409&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://player.fm/series/duolingo-spanish-podcast&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Duolingo Spanish Podcasts&lt;/a&gt; - True stories for English speakers learning Spanish. Fascinating real-life stories in easy-to-understand Spanish with English narration. These are not language lessons; they’re life lessons through language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teaching Podcasts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.notesinspanish.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Notes in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; - Free podcasts by a Madrileñan and Englishman at Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced levels.  Site has many other features, e.g. links to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.notesinspanish.com/category/videoblogging/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;videos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.notesinspanish.com/2011/01/26/notes-in-spanish-special-reports/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reports&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.notesinspanish.com/notes-in-spanish-books/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;books&lt;/a&gt;.  Note, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.notesinspanish.com/category/beginners-podcast/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beginner level&lt;/a&gt; valuable for Intermediate students also.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://radiolingua.com/coffeebreakspanish/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coffee Break Spanish&lt;/a&gt; - Part of the Radio Lingua Network which produces a number of different podcasts.  A list of them is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Lingua_Network#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  You can also buy lessons, the first of which is free.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lightspeedspanish.co.uk/spanish-lesson-table-contents/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LightSpeed Spanish&lt;/a&gt; - Four levels (Beginners, Early Intermediate, Advanced Intermediate, and Advanced).  Viewers also have the option of watching a YouTube video instead. (They're the same as the podcast for the most part.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doorwaytomexico.com/episodes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Doorway to Mexico&lt;/a&gt; - The first one is free.  After that, $49 to listen to other podcasts in the collection.   The site also offers a breakdown of the vocabulary and bonus content.  Plus, it prides itself on exposing you to the &quot;real&quot; way people speak (even if it may not be grammatically correct).  Lisa's additional comments may be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/comment/17548839/Latin-American-Spanish-podcasts$comment_id=26716515&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podpedia.miraheze.org/wiki/List_of_language_learning_podcasts#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;List of 23 different Spanish podcasts&lt;/a&gt; - includes, for example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://masterofmemory.com/spanish-fluency-day-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Accelerated Spanish,&quot;&lt;/a&gt; by Timothy Moser, who claims that his list of six words will give you 10% coverage of the language. (His style and approach might not appeal to everyone.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T01:08:27.930" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T01:08:27.930" CommentCount="16" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-22T13:54:27.477" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12213" CreationDate="2017-12-22T17:37:40.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm surprised nobody mentions there are four correct forms with the same meaning and used with varying frequency all around the Spanish-speaking world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mañana de mañana&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the one most Uruguayans prefer, including myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mañana a la mañana&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cross the big river and the usage changes. Argentineans favor &quot;a la&quot; over all other forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mañana por la mañana&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have traveled through all Latin America and Spain and &quot;por la&quot; is what I have heard the most. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Mañana en la mañana&quot;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the second most frequently used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no difference in meaning --just different regional variations.  I always say and write &quot;de&quot;; never &quot;a la&quot;, &quot;por la&quot;, &quot;en la&quot;, but I understand and accept all of them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18435" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T18:54:04.630" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T18:54:04.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23639" CreationDate="2017-12-22T20:15:26.430" Score="7" ViewCount="6377" Body="&lt;p&gt;El fememino de esposo es esposa. ¿Por qué &amp;quot;marido&amp;quot; no tiene un equivalente en femenino &amp;quot;marida&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE se ve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPnl0mR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. marītus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Hombre casado, con relación a su cónyuge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos la palabra en latín &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maritus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;marītus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se puede encontrar algo de información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjective&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;marītus&lt;/em&gt; (feminine &lt;em&gt;marīta&lt;/em&gt;, neuter &lt;em&gt;marītum&lt;/em&gt;); first/second declension&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque acá se habla es de un adjetivo, al menos parece que en latín había una forma femenina. ¿Llegó esa forma femenina alguna vez al español o nunca pasó del latín?. En los matrimonios se dice: &amp;quot;los declaro marido y mujer&amp;quot;. ¿Es  mujer/esposa el único femenino de &amp;quot;marido&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T21:28:11.907" Title="¿Por qué no existe la palabra &quot;marida&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23626" CreationDate="2017-12-22T20:15:46.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto debería ser más bien un comentario pero no va a caber ahí muy bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasé un tiempo viviendo en una comunidad campesina (en México) de unas doce familias.  Las decisiones comunitarias importantes se tomaban a través de la discusión y el consenso, con la participación de los que se consideraban adultos.  Algunos de los adultos que participaban eran en términos objetivos muy, muy jóvenes, incluso de quince años en un caso.  Ofrezco este ejemplo porque me parece que nos podría dar una indicación del funcionamiento de las relaciones sociológicas que podrían haber dado origen a la expresión que te interesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En dicha comunidad, ¿cómo llegó el joven de quince años a ser considerado como adulto en su comunidad?  Es decir, ¿a merecer respeto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su caso particular, este individuo era el hijo mayor de una gran familia, que había quedado sin papá por factores complejos.  El individuo trabajaba como hombre al lado de los demás señores.  Tenía buena participación en las discusiones de la comunidad.  Se enamoró de una joven de la comunidad.  Construyó su propia casa (rústica).  La pareja emprendió una vida de casados, con el visto bueno de los papás de ella y la mamá de él.  El número de unidades familiares de la comunidad se aumentó por una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Por si alguien se interesa en la suerte de la familia del joven: después de que el joven se fue a vivir con su pareja... la comunidad seguía dándoles la misma porción de maíz y frijol que tocaba a sus hermanos y mamá.  Se calculaba a base del número de miembros de la familia.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-23T02:24:12.827" LastActivityDate="2017-12-23T02:24:12.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23637" CreationDate="2017-12-22T21:28:11.907" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0060%3Aentry%3Dmaritus&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Charlton Lewis&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra latina usualmente usada como sustantivo era la masculina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marītus&lt;/strong&gt; L.—As subst m., a married man, husband / V.—Of animals, the male&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dmaritus1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lewis &amp;amp; Short&lt;/a&gt; existía también la forma plural y la femenina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;II.B.3. In plur.: &lt;strong&gt;mă-rīti&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ōrum&lt;/strong&gt;, m., married people, man and wife (post-class.), Dig. 24, 1, 52 fin.: “novi mariti,” newly-married people, a young couple, App. M. 8, p. 201, 36.—&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;III. &lt;strong&gt;mărīta&lt;/strong&gt;, ae, f., a married woman, wife (poet. and postclass.): “marita,” Hor. Epod. 8, 13: “castae maritae,” Ov. F. 2, 139; id. H. 12, 175; Inscr. Orell. 2665; Inscr. Fabr. 299 al.; and freq. on epitaphs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos acepciones son «post-class.», es decir, corresponden al latín postclásico (desde aproximadamente 200 E.C. hasta el medioevo), y también poéticas. El latín postclásico, nótese bien, era un latín generalmente usado como lengua literaria y litúrgica, y más cuanto más nos acercamos a la actualidad; vale decir, no es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%ADn_vulgar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;latín vulgar&lt;/a&gt;, que es de donde surgió el romance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE encuentro sólo dos instancias de &lt;em&gt;marida&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo en épocas no contemporáneas, en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=221217%5C022%5CC000O22122017220020476.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20marida%20or%20maridas%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los trabajos de Persiles y Segismunda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Cervantes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;- Si va a decir la verdad, señores alcaldes, tan marida es Mari Cobeña de Tozuelo, y él marido della, como lo es mi madre de mi padre y mi padre de mi madre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... y en las &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=221217%5C022%5CC000O22122017220020476.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20marida%20or%20maridas%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cartas del Caballero de la Tenaza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Quevedo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si vuesa merced me quiere para mientras marida, o como para marido, o para entre marido, aquí me tiene corriente y moliente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un par de escritos del siglo XX aparece &lt;em&gt;marida&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo pero el uso parece irónico; en los demás casos, todos bastante antiguos, se utiliza &lt;em&gt;marida&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo, sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;casada&lt;/em&gt; (hay un dicho, aparentemente común porque aparece en varias formas similares, que va &lt;em&gt;La que mal marida nunca le falta qué diga&lt;/em&gt;). De todas formas son apenas un puñado de instancias apenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente la forma femenina &lt;em&gt;marida&lt;/em&gt;, que era poco usada en latín, cayó casi totalmente en desuso en latín vulgar y romance y terminó desapareciendo, aunque haya sido un par de veces rescatada por autores cultos. Por lo que parece no existe no sólo en castellano, sino en ninguna otra lengua romance: en portugués, italiano y francés se usa &lt;em&gt;mulher&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;femme&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;moglie&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;mujer&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;mujer&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;esposa&amp;quot;, respectivamente), y en rumano &lt;em&gt;soție&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;esposa&amp;quot;, femenino de &lt;em&gt;soț&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;esposo&amp;quot;, del latín &lt;em&gt;socius&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;compañero&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T21:28:11.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23634" CreationDate="2017-12-22T21:52:06.103" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá van algunas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las minas (y hornos) de Almadén parecen ser bastante populares en el DRAE. Sospecho de algún académico almadenense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=41XV8pm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;asnado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En las minas de Almadén, en España, cada madero de los que se ponen de trecho en trecho para asegurar los costados de la mina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ag32aV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cochura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; f. &lt;em&gt;Ingen.&lt;/em&gt; En los hornos de Almadén, en España, calcinación de una carga de mineral de azogue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ItNuTlR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;garduja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. En las minas de Almadén, piedra que, por no tener ley de azogue, se arroja como inútil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JwcK77M&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacendero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En las minas de Almadén, en España, operario que trabajaba a jornal por cuenta del Estado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KqswHG3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hurto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En las minas de Almadén, en España, camino subterráneo a uno y otro lado del principal, para facilitar la extracción de metales o dar comunicación al aire, o para otros fines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WfsHdY3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;roncador&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En las minas de Almadén, España, encargado de gobernar y vigilar a cierto número de obreros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...y no sigo con Almadén.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La universidad de Alcalá tiene también sus entradas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtSFzGY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En la antigua universidad española de Alcalá, graduado más antiguo de cada facultad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NG6NB42&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;licencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primero, segundo,&lt;/strong&gt; etc., &lt;strong&gt;en licencias&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; locs. adjs. desus. En la universidad española de Alcalá, dicho de una persona: Señalada por el claustro para recibir por este orden el grado de una facultad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UC5uxwk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;principio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;8.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En la Universidad de Alcalá, cualquiera de los tres ejercicios que hacían los teólogos de una de las cuatro partes del Libro de las sentencias, después de haber pasado un examen previo que tanteaba su capacidad y suficiencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...y basta con Alcalá. Otra universidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UB0ySbh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;primicerio, ria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En la Universidad de Salamanca, graduado elegido anualmente, alternando entre las facultades, que ejercía ciertas funciones económicas y gubernativas referentes a la capilla, y ocupaba el lugar inmediato al rector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Universidad + iglesia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SEC0WsN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pavorde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En la Iglesia metropolitana y en la Universidad de Valencia, título de honor que se daba a algunos catedráticos de teología, cánones o derecho civil, que tenían silla en el coro después de los canónigos y usaban hábitos canonicales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una catedral:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bMorVAQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;varaplata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. En la catedral de Toledo, ministro eclesiástico que hace oficio de pertiguero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como curiosidad, una acepción “fuertemente localizada” de fuera de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aG5Y6MV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trajinera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. &lt;em&gt;Méx.&lt;/em&gt; En los canales de Xochimilco, embarcación desde la que se vende comida, flores y recuerdos a los pasajeros de otras embarcaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T08:22:04.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23263" CreationDate="2017-12-22T23:55:21.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay calcos de inglés para llamar estes tipos de palabras: &lt;em&gt;autoantónimos / contrónimos&lt;/em&gt;. Unos ejemplos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7D23kAx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cantío&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;al cantío de un gallo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;. Muy lejos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. rur. &lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;. Muy cerca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7AahQRP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cansado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  Del part. de &lt;em&gt;cansar&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Que produce cansancio. &lt;em&gt;Su trabajo es muy cansado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. adj. Que manifiesta cansancio. &lt;em&gt;Rostro cansado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSpzqC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelón, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que no tiene pelo o tiene muy poco. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;em&gt;Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Que tiene mucho pelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MKBVDM9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jamás&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;iam magis&lt;/em&gt; 'ya más'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adv. nunca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adv. desus. siempre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adv. desus. Alguna vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/aburrido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ser/estar aburrido&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este libro es aburrido. Estoy aburrido de leerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alquilar&lt;/strong&gt;: dar en alquiler/tomar en alquiler (alogar / alugar)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arrendar&lt;/strong&gt;: dar en arriendo/tomar en arriendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;huésped&lt;/strong&gt;: persona que da hospedaje/persona que recibe hospedaje&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lívido&lt;/strong&gt;: amoratado/pálido&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;álgido&lt;/strong&gt;: gélido/candente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oler&lt;/strong&gt;: percibir olor/despedir olor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nimio&lt;/strong&gt;: grande, abundante/ínfimo, exiguo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cruzarse&lt;/strong&gt;: encontrarse/desencontrarse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enervar&lt;/strong&gt;: relajar los nervios/excitar los nervios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;romper&lt;/strong&gt;: interrumpir/dar inicio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;evento&lt;/strong&gt;: acontecimiento imprevisto/acontecimiento organizado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picardía&lt;/strong&gt; (Arg.): viveza/falta de viveza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prestar&lt;/strong&gt; (Guat.): dar en préstamo/recibir en préstamo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;levantar&lt;/strong&gt;: construir, armar/desmantelar, desarmar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ama&lt;/strong&gt;: señora de la casa/criada principal de la casa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/palabras-ant%C3%B3nimas-de-s%C3%AD-mismas.1484286/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/palabras-antónimas-de-sí-mismas.1484286/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/palabras-que-tienen-significados-opuestos-el-uno-del-otro.377594/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/palabras-que-tienen-significados-opuestos-el-uno-del-otro.377594/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.meneame.net/story/palabra-antonima-de-si-misma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.meneame.net/story/palabra-antonima-de-si-misma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.translate2travel.com/single-post/2017/05/04/%C2%BFO%C3%ADste-hablar-de-los-AUTOANT%C3%93NIMOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.translate2travel.com/single-post/2017/05/04/¿Oíste-hablar-de-los-AUTOANTÓNIMOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/contronyms-in-spanish-3079026&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.thoughtco.com/contronyms-in-spanish-3079026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.paperblog.com/controque-3528540/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.paperblog.com/controque-3528540/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-27T14:53:00.890" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T14:53:00.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5177" CreationDate="2017-12-23T13:48:11.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has two series of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Consonants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;phonemical stops&lt;/a&gt;: voiceless /p t k/ and voiced /b d g/ (for their orthographical representation, see final note).*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish voiceless &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stops&lt;/a&gt; are, phonetically, always &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirated_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unaspirated&lt;/a&gt; voiceless stops: [p t k]. The voiced stops, however, are commonly realized phonetically as voiced &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximant_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;approximants&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fricative_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fricatives&lt;/a&gt;: [β ð ɣ]. This is a kind of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lenition&lt;/a&gt; (meaning &quot;weakening, softening&quot;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;lenis&lt;/em&gt; weak&quot;). They only appear as stops after a pause (such as in the beginning of a phrase) or a nasal consonant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in most cases &lt;strong&gt;the main phonetical clue that distinguishes (phonemical) voiceless from voiced stops, in Spanish, is the presence or absence of lenition.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English voiceless stops are aspirated ([pʰ tʰ kʰ]) word-initially and syllable-initially in stressed syllables. English voiced stops are phonetically only partially voiced, but they are definitely realized as stops (they don't experience lenition).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for English speakers &lt;strong&gt;the main phonetical clue when contrasting voiceless and voiced stops is the presence or absence of aspiration.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing, this is distribution of phonetical stops in Spanish and English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;---------+----------    &#xA;SPANISH  |  ENGLISH&#xA;---------+----------    &#xA;p  t  k  |  pʰ tʰ kʰ&#xA;         |  p  t  k&#xA;---------+----------&#xA;β  ð  ɣ  |  b  d  g&#xA;b  d  g  |  &#xA;---------+----------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish /p t k/ are like English /p t k/ in &lt;em&gt;spot, steam, sky&lt;/em&gt;. Spanish intervocalic /d/ is close to English /ð/ in &lt;em&gt;this, those&lt;/em&gt;. Spanish /b d g/ after pause or nasal consonant are mostly as in English.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish speakers learn to &quot;tune in&quot; to certain phonetic distinctions and ignore others. Most Spanish speakers wouldn't believe the two &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;'s in &lt;em&gt;dedo&lt;/em&gt; are not the same sound, just as most English speakers wouldn't believe the two &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;'s in &lt;em&gt;paper&lt;/em&gt; are different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In rapid speech, or with too much ambient noise, or in an otherwise non-optimal setting, Spanish speakers might confuse /p/ and /b/ or /t/ and /d/ or /k/ and /g/, but in most cases (as in every other language, since the setting is rarely optimal) context is enough to avoid the confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with any new language, one must learn to discern these contrasts and &quot;tune out&quot; the ones found in one's own language that interfere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* &lt;strong&gt;Orthography&lt;/strong&gt;: The sounds /p t d/ are always represented as &lt;em&gt;p, t, d&lt;/em&gt;; /b/ is commonly &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; (there's no difference, repeat, no difference in Spanish between those, no matter what other people tell you!); /k/ is usually &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;a, o, u&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;e, i&lt;/em&gt;, except in a few borrowings that employ &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;, and /g/ is &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;a, o, u, ü&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;gu&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;e, i&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T15:34:41.630" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T15:34:41.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-23T14:24:58.003" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Netflix&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Spain&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/107569&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV de España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Latinamerica&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/100387&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV latinoamericanos&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/1305303&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV de Chile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/2219596&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV de Perú&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/100370&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV de Argentina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/108229&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas y programas de TV de Colombia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/7825&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Películas&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/67644&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;programas de TV&lt;/a&gt; de México&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Spanish audio&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/browse/genre/67675&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TV en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/search?q=spanish&amp;amp;suggestionId=1400072_merch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Audio en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/search?q=spanish&amp;amp;suggestionId=1300072_merch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Subtítulos en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/search?q=spain&amp;amp;suggestionId=1400080_merch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Audio en español de España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netflix.com/search?q=spain&amp;amp;suggestionId=1500080_merch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Audio description in Spanish (Spain)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Some collections may include English language Spain/LATAM made films.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-29T11:15:08.767" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-23T14:24:58.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2017-12-23T21:01:12.463" Score="10" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Mobile apps&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;App&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;versions&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt; Description&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br/&gt;by RAE and ASALE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=es.rae.dle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/dle/id1011116985?l=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Duolingo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.duolingo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/app/duolingo-learn-spanish-french-and-more/id570060128&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iOS&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/duolingo-learn-languages-for-free/9wzdncrcv5xn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Phone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;app to help you learn Spanish with game-like lessons&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.ankidroid.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anki&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;(similar a &lt;em&gt;Memrise&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;se basa en tarjetas que contienen una palabra/expresión/oración en un idioma y su traducción a otro idioma. La frecuencia con la que te sale cada tarjeta depende de tu facilidad para memorizarla, que tú seleccionas una vez destapas la tarjeta. De esta manera practicas las palabras que te cuestan más. Para saber más, consulta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28026/5481&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://speedspanish.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Speed Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=co.uk.SpeedSpanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;app with multiple tools and games to help user's learn Spanish, including: Dictionary, translator, conjugator, lessons &amp;amp; multiplayer games. Developed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/25007/kes-walker?tab=profile&quot;&gt;Kes Walker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-02-19T11:20:16.737" LastActivityDate="2021-02-19T11:20:16.737" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-23T21:01:12.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22563" CreationDate="2017-12-23T21:38:54.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; as the third person reflexive pronoun comes from the Latin reflexive pronoun, which was &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in the accusative case and &lt;em&gt;sibi&lt;/em&gt; in the dative case (later merged). So &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; as a reflexive mark is the oldest usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reciprocal use of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is a natural extension of its reflexive meaning. Note that in Spanish there isn't a simple way to mark reciprocal action; the reflexive forms are used, and when context is not enough, speakers resort to fixed phrases like &lt;em&gt;mutuamente&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;uno al otro, unos a otros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the passive: we have dealt with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23508/14627&quot;&gt;history of the Spanish passive voice&lt;/a&gt; before. Latin had a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Latin/Lesson_2-Active_v_Passive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;synthetic passive voice&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. passive voice was indicated by a form of conjugation, same as mood, tense, person and number are. There were &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deponent_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deponent verbs&lt;/a&gt;, which conjugated always in the passive voice, morphology-wise, but were actually active in meaning. When this morphological passive was lost, Latin began using a periphrastic passive construction with the verb &lt;em&gt;esse&lt;/em&gt; plus the perfect participle instead, but this was ambiguous at first because it had both a present and a past-perfect meaning: *amātus sum = &quot;I have been loved&quot; or &quot;I am loved&quot;. It appears that for impersonal passive constructions &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; was used to avoid this: instead of &lt;em&gt;dicitur&lt;/em&gt; &quot;it is said&quot; Late Latin used &lt;em&gt;se dicit&lt;/em&gt; (mod. Sp. &lt;em&gt;se dice&lt;/em&gt;). So there's another usage of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For deponent verbs which carried medioactive or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediopassive_voice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mediopassive&lt;/a&gt; meanings, the replacement was also &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, extending its meaning from truly reflexive action to a wide range of meanings having to do with specific types of involvement of the agent or the patient. These verbs and many others formed on those models ended up as pronominal verbs in Spanish, many of which still carry shades of reflexive meaning (of action or events focused on the patient). That's another use of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I have covered all or most of the uses of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; as a reflexive pronoun, passive, impersonal and pronominal verb marker. There's also &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; and from &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, but those are simply homophones and pose no complications (except from their irregular forms). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T22:19:39.510" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:19:39.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1182" CreationDate="2017-12-24T07:41:28.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the same as with the English language.  99% of people don't mind what accent you have as long as you are polite and respectful, but you would probably lose marks on it in an exam.  The average person on the street probably wouldn't care if you mixed up a dialect in the way you describe although there would be nothing to stop them commenting on it (maybe in quite a rude way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember when I was in Bolivia, someone asked me '¿Cómo te shamas?'. Luckily I realized that she meant '¿Cómo te llamas?' and just guessed that was how that sound was pronounced wherever she was from but I had not heard it before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18441" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-24T18:10:09.100" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T18:10:09.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20736" CreationDate="2017-12-24T19:08:26.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy hispanohablante, a  mi parecer la frase &lt;code&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, habría pasado otra cosa&lt;/code&gt; y la frase &lt;code&gt;Si hubiera hecho algo, hubiera/se pasado otra cosa&lt;/code&gt; me dan exactamente el mismo significado, simplemente haciendo notar que la construcción con &lt;code&gt;-se&lt;/code&gt; tiene una connotación mas formal o arcaica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado la frase &lt;code&gt;Si habría hecho, habría pasado otra cosa&lt;/code&gt; me parece completamante incorrecto, la simple construcción &lt;code&gt;Si habría&lt;/code&gt; no me es familiar en lo absoluto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18442" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T04:01:18.100" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T04:01:18.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23664" CreationDate="2017-12-25T16:45:47.520" Score="6" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge &lt;em&gt;descalzo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16296/1674&quot;&gt;y no &lt;em&gt;descalzado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Cb8cYG2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descalzo, za&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del part. irreg. de descalzar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que no lleva calzado. Niño, pie descalzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CbSVdFj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;descamisado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. Sin camisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no encuentro ninguna palabra para definir a aquel que va sin pantalones. ¿Existe? Se me ocurre &lt;em&gt;con el culo al aire&lt;/em&gt;, pero no llevar pantalón no quiere decir no llevar ropa interior, por lo que no recoge todo el rango de significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T09:46:00.437" Title="Si tenemos &quot;descalzo&quot; y &quot;descamisado&quot;, ¿cómo podemos nombrar a quien no lleva pantalón?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23653" CreationDate="2017-12-25T17:17:29.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado nada al respecto, salvo que &lt;strong&gt;descalzo&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;descalzar&lt;/strong&gt; tenían anteriormente unos significados más amplios que actualmente. Así, el Diccionario de la lengua de 1732 recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descalzarse los guantes&lt;/strong&gt;: Vale lo mismo que quitarselos, desnudandose la mano de ellos&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descalzo de pie y pierna&lt;/strong&gt;: El que no solo trae el pie desnudo y sin calzado, sino también la pierna sin media o calza.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que parece que en esa época, &lt;strong&gt;descalzo de pierna&lt;/strong&gt; equivaldría a &quot;sin pantalones puestos&quot;.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si no existe una palabra con ese significado, se podría crear. A primera vista parece que podría servir &lt;strong&gt;desempantalonado&lt;/strong&gt;, formado a partir del prefijo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;des-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. pref. Denota negación o inversión del significado de la palabra simple a la que va antepuesto. &lt;em&gt;Desconfiar, deshacer.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  2. pref. Indica privación. &lt;em&gt;Desabejar.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y del participio &lt;strong&gt;empantalonado&lt;/strong&gt;, del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ElPpyvK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;empantalonarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. prnl. Méx. Dicho de una mujer: Ponerse pantalones.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta propuesta tiene, sin embargo, varias pegas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra es larga y es fácil pronunciarla o escribirla mal (como &lt;em&gt;desempantanolado&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra base, &lt;em&gt;empantalonarse&lt;/em&gt; aparece marcada como de uso en &lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt;, y solo tiene la acepción de &lt;em&gt;ponerse pantalones&lt;/em&gt; cuando está referida a &lt;strong&gt;mujeres&lt;/strong&gt; [referida a hombres el significado es &quot;presumir de hombría.&quot;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastEditorDisplayName="user18111" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T17:54:33.020" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T17:54:33.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23659" CreationDate="2017-12-25T17:58:02.557" Score="2" ViewCount="5200" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama este animal en la foto en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me and my friend we are debating on how it's called. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wc0eMm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18448" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T17:06:57.940" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T11:03:50.793" Title="¿Cómo se llama este animal?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23655" CreationDate="2017-12-25T18:01:28.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por el aspecto parece un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovis_orientalis_musimon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muflón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Compara tu imagen con las de &lt;a href=&quot;https://duckduckgo.com/?&amp;amp;q=mufl%C3%B3n&amp;amp;iax=images&amp;amp;ia=images&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18111" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T18:01:28.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22620" CreationDate="2017-12-25T19:32:17.713" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer como hablante nativo, la frase &lt;code&gt;The regions were the first to be approved by Parliament as having independent status&lt;/code&gt; puede traducirse de varias maneras: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.- &lt;code&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el parlamento teniendo estatus independiente&lt;/code&gt; la cual me parece la opción más aceptable y correcta, de hecho la traducción literal sería &lt;code&gt;como teniendo&lt;/code&gt;, pero en español esa construcción no existe, se dice simplemente &lt;code&gt;teniendo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.- &lt;code&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el parlamento considerandolas con estatus independiente&lt;/code&gt; si la traduccion de &lt;code&gt;as having&lt;/code&gt; se relaciona con una entidad que tiene capacidad de razonar, como en este caso el &lt;code&gt;parlamento&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.- &lt;code&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el parlamento, el cual las consideró con estatus independiente&lt;/code&gt; con la misma explicación que la anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.- &lt;code&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el parlamento como si tuvieran estatus independiente&lt;/code&gt; puede ser una opción, sin embargo en esta ocasión &lt;code&gt;como si tuvieran&lt;/code&gt; da la idea de que en realidad las regiones no tienen estatus independiente, sino de que alguien así lo considera, pero no lo tienen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.- &lt;code&gt;Las regiones fueron las primeras en ser aprobadas por el parlamento como que tenían estatus independiente&lt;/code&gt; da una idea semejante a la anterior pero menos acentuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18442" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T21:33:18.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T21:33:18.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21771" CreationDate="2017-12-25T20:00:13.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues aquí al centro-norte de México normalmente &lt;strong&gt;un terremoto es más fuerte que un sismo o temblor&lt;/strong&gt;. De esta manera, por ejemplo el movimiento telúrico ocurrido en México el 19-S fue un terremoto, mientras que sus réplicas u otros temblores pequeños (que apenas se sienten) no son terremotos, sino temblores o sismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18442" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T21:30:52.290" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T21:30:52.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23655" CreationDate="2017-12-25T20:18:48.340" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google la foto, los resultados relevantes están en alemán y dicen que el animal es un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinbock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Steinbock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (nombre genérico de varias especies del género &lt;em&gt;Capra&lt;/em&gt;) y que fue fotografiado en los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prealpes_appenzelleses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Prealpes appenzelleses&lt;/a&gt;, más precisamente en el macizo de Alpstein. Con esa localización y comparando con otras fotos, parece claro que es un ejemplar de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capra_ibex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Capra ibex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, un &lt;strong&gt;íbice alpino&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;cabra salvaje de los Alpes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FSh97m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FSh97m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Capra ibex&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nombre común de los animales del género &lt;em&gt;Capra&lt;/em&gt;, en castellano, es &lt;em&gt;cabra&lt;/em&gt; (femenino). Viene del latín &lt;em&gt;capra&lt;/em&gt;, con un cambio fonético regular /p/ &gt; /b/ que no se produjo en italiano (al menos al sur de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Spezia%E2%80%93Rimini_Line&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Línea La Spezia-Rimini&lt;/a&gt;). En castellano existen algunas palabras cultas latinas que conservan la /p/, como &lt;em&gt;caprino&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;relativo a las cabras, &lt;em&gt;ganado caprino&lt;/em&gt;&quot;). La forma masculina es &lt;em&gt;cabrón&lt;/em&gt;, pero esa palabra es malsonante en muchos dialectos, así que en cambio se utiliza más &lt;em&gt;macho cabrío&lt;/em&gt;. En otras regiones es más común llamar al animal &lt;em&gt;chivo&lt;/em&gt; (m.) / &lt;em&gt;chiva&lt;/em&gt; (f.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cabra&lt;/em&gt; es el nombre habitual para ciertas especies (tanto salvajes como domesticadas) del género, pero &lt;em&gt;Capra ibex&lt;/em&gt; en particular se llama &lt;em&gt;íbice&lt;/em&gt; (m.). Esta palabra no es tan común ni conocida como &lt;em&gt;cabra&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano los nombres de los signos zodiacales no son palabras castellanas, sino palabras latinas apenas modificadas: &lt;em&gt;Aries, Tauro, Géminis, Cáncer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Escorpio, Sagitario, Capricornio, Acuario, Piscis&lt;/em&gt;. Algunos son parecidos a nombres de animales (&lt;em&gt;Leo ~ león, Escorpio ~ escorpión, Tauro ~ toro&lt;/em&gt;), pero ninguno es idéntico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T11:03:50.793" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T11:03:50.793" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18984" CreationDate="2017-12-26T12:16:16.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Palabras ambiguas&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los otros comentarios se refieren a palabras &lt;em&gt;ambiguas&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. palabras que tienen un género distinto en distintos dialectos/contextos etc pero no cambian definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el/la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3q9w3lk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arte&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4gcuzQk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azúcar&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OLDn0QL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mar&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EEztonx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;duermevela&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LvskgUG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Internet&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LwoV9X4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interrogante&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NMVIm96&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linde&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PGv9IZg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mimbre&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SMrGCJh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelambre&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U9uBWIv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prez&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UCLqZdA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pringue&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V1J0Z3h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;radio&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZfrCtKU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testuz&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZuJm4Dd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tizne&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5NzSlV3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bermuda(s)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9qYXXhD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el color&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WLxWZbl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la reuma&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado más en masculino&lt;/code&gt; (también &lt;em&gt;reúma&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ahY832G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la trípode&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado más en masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4RWItK6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la autoclave&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;usado menos como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BmxbqSX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la cutis&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado menos como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AaD4OLA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contraluz&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HchsbQt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faira&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OM6EdRu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maratón&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3iTPBox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrelde&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NPcHkkW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lis&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C9L4usv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=At2rpaY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coriza&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z5TPCjW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tanka&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4iQ8cYD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la babel&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado más en femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EAgN6Fq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la dotis&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado más en femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N7o6jFG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la lente&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado más en femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a8PcE5N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el/la tortícolis&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Usado menos como masculino&lt;/code&gt; (también &lt;em&gt;torticolis&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Históricamente&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GPVg5OI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la esfinge&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NTIHQa3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la llama&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZkHNOE8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la tilde&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bNpNyyP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la várice&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KQeGz9i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la hipérbola&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2Wonp5z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el anatema&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Lbbywe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el cisma&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DF5Xi1F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el desorden&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hky61us&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el fénix&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KEWLXVi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el herpes&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UZtOEos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el puente&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;Dialectalmente, usado como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1ymY0Yl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el almicantarat&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Era usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Regionalmente&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BGrSZka&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la crin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En algunos lugares de España y América, usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XKCB8YU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la sartén&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En muchos lugares de América y España, usado como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X7YZCmm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las saludes&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En Ecuador, usado también como masculino plural&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5xWVImL#RKCKxhw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la bossa nova&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En Bolivia, Chile y Nicaragua, usado también como masculino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6qw2prQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el calor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En Andalucía y algunos lugares de América, usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SyKQl6b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el pijama&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En algunos lugares de América, usado también como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7HsQd4w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el caparazón&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;En algunos lugares de América, usado como femenino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y hay unos que a veces se tratan como masculino/femenino, en algunos dialectos, pero prescriptivamente son de &lt;em&gt;un&lt;/em&gt; género:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NEw80OX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la libido&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+libido%2C+la+libido&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c6FIuv9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la web&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+web%2C+la+web&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FFmEYg5|FFpozdY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el enema&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+enema%2C+la+enema&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aawyhzX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el treponema&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cCWOUIz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el yoga&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el+yoga%2C+la+yoga&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Profesiones y género&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el ejemplo que das tú es de una palabra que refiere a una &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt;, que puede referir/declinar para los dos géneros en algunos dialectos, pero en otros refiere exclusivamente a uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de esas palabras son profesiones que históricamente hacían solo los hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el jefe, la jefa &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MPAoQ4z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/ la jefe&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+jefe%2C+la+jefa&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el presidente, la presidenta &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U6Yu3bh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(/ la presidente)&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+presidente%2C+la+presidenta&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el almirante, la almiranta &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1z4MnwR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/ la almirante&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+almirante%2C+la+almiranta&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el poeta, la poetisa &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TUUD7eg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/ la poeta&lt;/a&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+poeta%2C+la+poetisa&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el ingeniero, la ingeniera / la ingeniero — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+ingeniero%2Cla+ingeniera&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el medico, la medica / la medico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el bebé, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=beb%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la bebé / la beba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=la+beb%C3%A9_NOUN%2Cla+beba_NOUN&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngrams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bebé o bebe&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;‘Niño pequeño, especialmente el que aún mama’&lt;/em&gt;. Procede del francés, lo que explica la acentuación aguda de &lt;em&gt;bebé&lt;/em&gt;, única forma que se usa en España. En algunas zonas de América, especialmente en el Cono Sur, se usa más la forma llana &lt;em&gt;bebe&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;[bébe]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. En España, bebé funciona generalmente como &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg#1b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sustantivo epiceno masculino&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;«&lt;em&gt;En la mochila de Carolina apareció un bebé muerto. La niña era de Carolina&lt;/em&gt;» (&lt;em&gt;Mundo&lt;/em&gt; [Esp.] 20.11.96);&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;  en América, salvo en los países del &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=beb%E9#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Río de la Plata&lt;/a&gt;, tanto la forma aguda como la llana se usan a menudo como &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg#1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sustantivos comunes en cuanto al género&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Dijo que la bebé estaba viva&lt;/em&gt;» (&lt;em&gt;Tiempo&lt;/em&gt; [Col.] 16.11.94);&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;sup&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Tanto la madre como la bebe fueron trasladadas al hospital&lt;/em&gt;» (&lt;em&gt;DAméricas&lt;/em&gt; [EE. UU.] 14.4.97).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. En el Río de la Plata, la forma llana se usa normalmente con dos terminaciones (&lt;em&gt;el bebe, la beba&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;«&lt;em&gt;Franco sacó a la beba de su camita&lt;/em&gt;» (&lt;em&gt;Abc&lt;/em&gt; [Par.] 19.12.96).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Fuentes&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/sometimes-masculine-sometimes-feminine-3079259&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.thoughtco.com/sometimes-masculine-sometimes-feminine-3079259&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-14T09:35:00.733" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T09:35:00.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22546" CreationDate="2017-12-26T16:07:20.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;echar un...&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echar una bocanada, [h]ojeada, meada, mirada, partida&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echar un bocado, clavado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echar un fonazo, hechizo, lazo, vistazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;dar un...&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar un aprobado, lavado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar un abrazo, frenazo, jicarazo, pelotazo, portazo, porrazo, puñetazo, vistazo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar una enseñanza, golpiza, paliza&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar una bofetada, mirada, nalgada, [h]ojeada, patada, palmada [en...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T18:31:53.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23258" CreationDate="2017-12-26T18:10:33.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intervalo_sem%C3%A1ntico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacío semántico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y parece que existe porque durante la mayor parte de la historia humana casi todos los padres habrían perdido algunos de sus hijos, y por eso no había necesidad para tal concepto.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, podemos intentar construir un análogo a &lt;em&gt;huérfano&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Griego antiguo&lt;/code&gt; ὀρφανός (&lt;em&gt;orphanós&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;sin padres&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latín tardío&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;orphanus&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Castellano&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;huérfano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;1. Del antónimo de ὀρφανός&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el griego antiguo hay tres conceptos similares en contraste con &lt;em&gt;huérfano&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;άτεκνος (&lt;em&gt;áteknos&lt;/em&gt; &quot;sin hijos; estéril&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;άκληρος (&lt;em&gt;ákliros&lt;/em&gt; &quot;sin hijos; sin heredero&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ακληρονόμητος (&lt;em&gt;aklironómitos&lt;/em&gt; &quot;sin heredero (término legal)&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Áτεκνος (&lt;em&gt;estéril&lt;/em&gt;) no tiene la correcta significación, y ακληρονόμητος es demasiado formal. Por eso, parece que el siguiente proceso podría haber sido posible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Griego antiguo&lt;/code&gt; άκληρος (&lt;em&gt;ákliros&lt;/em&gt; &quot;sin hijos; sin heredero&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latín tardío&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;aclirus&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latín vulgar&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;ácliru&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Castellano&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ácliro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (/ *&lt;em&gt;ácrilo&lt;/em&gt;) (metathesis)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;2. De la palabra latina para &lt;em&gt;&quot;sin hijos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra latina para &lt;em&gt;&quot;sin hijos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; era &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/destitutus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dēstitūtus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Esta palabra no tiene ningún descendiente sustantivo en castellano relacionado con esta definición (pero sí existen las palabras &lt;em&gt;destituir, destitución&lt;/em&gt;, etc., relacionadas con su otra significación: &lt;em&gt;&quot;indigente&quot;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo la formación de las palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;īnstitūtus&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;instituto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;prōstitutus&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;prostituto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;substitutus&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;sustituto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría ser una forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dēstitūtus&lt;/em&gt; &gt; *&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;destituto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/26564/20700&quot;&gt;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/26564/20700&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. Una frase sí existe en alemán:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verwaiste_Eltern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verwaiste_Eltern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/Is-there-a-language-that-has-a-word-for-parent-that-lost-a-child&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.quora.com/Is-there-a-language-that-has-a-word-for-parent-that-lost-a-child&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T07:41:59.763" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:41:59.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23663" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23665" CreationDate="2017-12-26T18:49:06.063" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are the following examples proper ways to say, &quot;She opened up to me&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se abrió a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí ella me abrió&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella se me abrió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí ella se me abrió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using examples of the idiomatic pronominal verb &lt;em&gt;abrirse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T12:34:53.393" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T12:34:53.393" Title="Are these usages of pronominal verbs correct to translate &quot;She opened up to me&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23653" CreationDate="2017-12-26T19:14:12.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando que tal vez sirva &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CZ3hn4U&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desbragado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que según el diccionario significa &quot;sin bragas&quot; y, despectivamente, &quot;muy pobre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en mi país no usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;bragas&lt;/em&gt;, no tengo claro si actualmente &lt;em&gt;desbragado&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al que no lleva pantalones o, lo más probable, al que  anda &quot;con el culo al aire&quot;, como dices tú, o sea, sin ropa interior. Pero revisando las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;bragas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desbragado&lt;/em&gt; en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=CzadZW_-E2oC&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Castellano&lt;/a&gt; de Esteban de Terreros de 1786, podemos ver que antiguamente sí significaba lo que buscas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T19:14:12.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23663" CreationDate="2017-12-26T20:17:03.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the examples with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, the meaning of the verb would be (as intended) something like &quot;to open up&quot;, in the figurative sense (letting other person know about one's feelings or intentions). This is meaning #30 of the entry for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=0BIq0lQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abrir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;30.&lt;/strong&gt; prnl. Dicho de una persona: Declararse, descubrirse, confiarse a otra. &lt;em&gt;Se abrió conmigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how the definition employs the verb &lt;em&gt;confiarse (a alguien)&lt;/em&gt;; that's another pronominal verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; for the recipient of the action is not usual in this meaning of &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; (as you see, the example in the DLE employs &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;), but it's OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; are pronominal. &lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; acts like a direct object and refers back to the subject, which is third person &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;. If the subject were first or second person, singular or plural, the pronoun would have to change (it would be &lt;em&gt;me, te, nos,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recipient of the action (me) appears as the indirect object, in two ways: as the clitic (unstressed) pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;, and as the full (stressed) pronoun &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt; preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three pronominal examples mean the same: &quot;She opened up to me.&quot; Only the emphasis is different. There are some complicated rules governing how to use the two types of pronouns and the word order, which I won't cover here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence without &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; has &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; in its basic sense. As it is, it would be usually understood with an implicit direct object (the thing being opened, a door?), and the indirect object would be the beneficiary of the action. In your example the unusual word order shows &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topicalization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;topicalization&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A mí ella me abrió.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;For me she opened (the door).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't need emphasis you would just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella me abrió.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She opened (the door) for me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in English you open the door &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; someone (a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benefactive_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;benefactive&lt;/a&gt; construction), while in Spanish you &quot;open someone the door&quot; (&lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; works as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditransitive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ditransitive verb&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, the verb might work as a transitive form of its (usually intransitive) pronominal version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella me abrió.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She opened me up.&quot; or &quot;She got me to open up.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T11:46:18.347" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T11:46:18.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23669" CreationDate="2017-12-26T20:29:38.323" Score="8" ViewCount="3450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he escuchado y dicho la expresión: &amp;quot;guiñar el ojo&amp;quot;. Pero si buscamos la definición de guiñar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jr0mdr8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guiñar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz expr. del románico occid., quizá del lat. tardío cinnus 'señal que se hace con los ojos'; cf. ceño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Cerrar un ojo momentáneamente quedando el otro abierto, a veces con disimulo por vía de señal o advertencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tr&lt;/em&gt;. Entornar los párpados ligeramente, por efecto de la luz o por mala visión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;intr&lt;/em&gt;. Mar. Dicho de un buque: Dar guiñadas por mal gobierno, marejada u otra causa, o darlas a propósito por medio del timón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;prnl&lt;/em&gt;. Hacerse guiños o señas con los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;prnl. germ.&lt;/em&gt; Irse, huir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando la primera acepción, que es la que me interesa, vemos que ya la definición implica que lo que se cierra es un ojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué la palabra &amp;quot;guiñó&amp;quot; en el CORDE y encontré que al menos el uso que yo he escuchado también se ha usado en la literatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le hizo un gesto a Sabato y le guiñó un ojo, como diciendo qué tal iba eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Ernesto Sábato, 1974, Abaddón el exterminador&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando él se retiró del comedor, la rubia volvió a mirarlo e, indudablemente, guiñó un ojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Adolfo Bioy Casares, 1962, El gran Serafín&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pedro Ramírez guiñó el ojo y sonrió en señal de haberle comprendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Francisco Navarro Villoslada, Doña Toda de Larrea o la madre de la Excelenta&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No sería suficiente el verbo guiñar (con su adecuada conjugación)? ¿Por qué hay que especificar que se guiña un ojo si eso ya es implícito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T01:36:31.647" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;guiñar el ojo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22874" CreationDate="2017-12-26T20:55:01.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que se utilice este significado de la palabra en ningún país.  Hace mucho que estudio las obras de Shakespeare o Chaucer pero seguro que ejemplos muy parecidos en esas páginas donde los personajes utilizan ciertas palabras y frases con un significado que ya no existe (por eso hay anotaciones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único ejemplo que se me viene a la mente es en España: si alguien está hablando con la prensa.  Dice algo como 'Esperamos que se respete el resultado de este proceso.  Vale?' y luego se marcha sin contestar más preguntas, pero es como 'Ya está', no es una despedida.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18441" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T20:55:01.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23626" CreationDate="2017-12-26T21:54:39.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que el significado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt; se acercó en el pasado, por razones teológicas, a nuestros conceptos de &quot;conciencia&quot; y &quot;juicio&quot;. Estuve mirando algunos textos del siglo XVII, en los que no queda tan claro a qué se refiere &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt;, aunque lo más probable es que hablen de &quot;hacer mérito para alcanzar el cielo o perderse en el pecado&quot;. Etimológicamente, el verbo latino clásico era &lt;em&gt;merere&lt;/em&gt;, que significaba &quot;ganar, alcanzar&quot;, del cual derivó el latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;merescere&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;ser digno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El siguiente es un fragmento de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=fctPFXKpiXAC&amp;amp;lpg=PA118&amp;amp;ots=JgK1rm9Y9N&amp;amp;dq=boscan%20merecer%20junto%20al%20pecar&amp;amp;pg=PA118#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=el%20merecer%20tan%20junto%20al%20pecar%20vino&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hero y Leandro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Juan Boscán (1543).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de Hero la mano se atrevió a tomalla.&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  Mas esto fue con un ardor tamaño,&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  de una congoja tal, tan entrañable,&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  con un gemir tan bajo y tan profundo,&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  de su necesidad tan gran testigo,&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  que desculpó la culpa del pecado.&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Y el merecer tan junto al pecar vino&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  que no sé cuál fue más ni cuál primero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me es difícil interpretar el verso marcado, pero al leer el resto del poema se descubre que el conflicto de Hero es entre el amor romántico (el &lt;em&gt;pecar&lt;/em&gt;) y la honestidad cristiana (el &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El siguiente fragmento es un poco más claro. Se trata de un manual para eclesiásticos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=n7p7fmFwIagC&amp;amp;dq=edad%20para%20merecer%20y%20peccar&amp;amp;pg=PA38-IA1#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=edad%20para%20merecer%20y%20peccar&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Summa de casos de consciencia&lt;/a&gt;, de Juan Pedraza (1579).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sexto: Si no se confesó cuando era obligado. En siendo uno de edad que tenga discreción: que es saber qué cosa es pecar, es obligado a confesarse una vez en el año. (...) cuando se ofrece peligro de muerte, como tormenta o batalla, y la mujer que tiene ya sabido que su parto es dificultoso (...) será obligado a confesarse luego antemano. En esto hay gran descuido en muchos, que con decir niño es, inocente, dejan morir sin confesión sus hijos de siete o ocho años, &lt;strong&gt;siendo comunmente esta edad para merecer y pecar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede observar en esta última frase un claro indicio de la &quot;edad de merecer&quot;, aunque no me queda claro a qué se refiere exactamente con &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt;, si a &quot;tener discernimiento&quot; (&quot;discreción&quot;) o directamente a &quot;ser digno de un castigo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último otro libro prescriptivo: un fragmento del &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=tohXAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=juyzio%20para%20peccar%20merecer&amp;amp;pg=PA79#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=juyzio%20para%20peccar%20merecer&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Orden de bien casar, y avisos de casados&lt;/a&gt;, del cura Juan Esteban, de 1595. Aquí nuevamente se vislumbra nuestra &quot;edad de merecer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tercer impedimento que impide el matrimonio es el voto simple de Castidad, o Religión. Ya es dicho, y te he enseñado, que es voto solemne, y que es voto simple. Que el voto solemne, es, el que se hace por alguna religión aprobada. Y el simple, el que cada uno hace por sí. Pues llegando un hombre a &lt;strong&gt;aquella edad que tenga juicio para pecar o merecer&lt;/strong&gt;: puede regularmente hacer cualesquier votos y obligarse por ellos: dije regularmente porque el voto solemnde de Castidad, o Religión, no puede hasta la edad que queda dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt; significó alguna vez (como parece demostrarse en los ejemplos anteriores) &quot;juicio&quot; o &quot;capacidad de discernimiento entre lo que está bien y lo que es pecado&quot;, entonces no habría problemas en decir que la &lt;em&gt;edad para merecer&lt;/em&gt; es, en palabras modernas, la edad en la que se alcanza la madurez. Sólo habría cambiado la preposición (ahora es &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; merecer&lt;/em&gt;), y el rango de años en los que se considera que la persona es moralmente madura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último agrego una curiosidad etimológica off topic a propósito del significado &quot;ganar&quot; que tenía la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;merere&lt;/em&gt;, de la que deriva &lt;em&gt;merecer&lt;/em&gt;. La palabra &lt;em&gt;meretrix&lt;/em&gt; originalmente significó, según Corominas, &quot;la mujer que se gana la vida por sí misma&quot;. Por obvias razones sociales, en Roma esto comenzó a significar &quot;la mujer que se casa por dinero&quot;, y ahora en español tenemos a la &lt;em&gt;meretriz&lt;/em&gt;, o sea, la prostituta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T21:54:39.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23666" CreationDate="2017-12-27T00:14:09.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;guiñar&quot; requiere el objeto directo &quot;ojo&quot; simplemente porque es transitivo (como indica la abreviatura &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt;). La definición que da el diccionario no debe tomarse como un sustituto perfecto de la propia palabra. Podríamos decir que la definición es algo redundante: de hecho, ¿qué más podemos guiñar que no sea un ojo? Pero, al mismo tiempo, si no se especificara &quot;ojo&quot;, la definición podría inducirnos a creer que se puede ¡guiñar la boca!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo parecido -- pero no exactamente igual porque la palabra es un poco más versátil -- que muestra la redundancia de la definición como un medio para clarificar el significado es la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IXC6f67&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fruncir&lt;/a&gt;. En su primera acepción, encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Arrugar la frente y las cejas en señal de desabrimiento o de ira.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuevamente, nos encontramos con un verbo transitivo y con la necesidad de decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fruncir el ceño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si deseamos que &quot;fruncir&quot; tenga el sentido explicitado por la definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión 1: las definiciones muchas veces no son sinónimos de las palabras definidas y no deben interpretarse como palabras o frases que podrían reemplazarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión 2: para definir ciertas palabras específicas, a veces son necesarios ciertos vocablos que vuelven a aparecer en contexto junto con los términos definidos. Esto no debe tomarse como descalificatorio de la definición sino como una ayuda que nos da el diccionario para que entendamos el uso restringido de esas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Ciertos diccionarios son más precisos que el DRAE y podemos encontrarnos con algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(dicho de un ojo / referido a un ojo) cerrarlo momentáneamente&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T01:36:31.647" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T01:36:31.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23670" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23693" CreationDate="2017-12-27T01:57:51.620" Score="3" ViewCount="662" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Wiktionary page for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/por_favor#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por favor&lt;/a&gt;, an example sentence reads&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quisiera&lt;/strong&gt; una mesa por favor.&lt;/em&gt; ― I would like a table, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this makes more sense to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Querría&lt;/strong&gt; una mesa por favor.&lt;/em&gt; ― &lt;strong&gt;I would like&lt;/strong&gt; a table, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't quite understand the use of subjunctive imperfect here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T19:19:09.650" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T11:44:20.460" Title="Why is imperfect subjunctive used for polite request?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23672" CreationDate="2017-12-27T13:15:08.057" Score="4" ViewCount="1053" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el acto o acción de administrar es &quot;administración&quot;. Cómo se llamaría, si existe, al acto o acción de proveer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T13:27:11.150" Title="Cómo se le dice al acto o acción de proveer?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23671" CreationDate="2017-12-27T13:27:11.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most of its senses although not all the word seems to be &lt;em&gt;provisión&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the DLE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UUTE3Ja&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UUTE3Ja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de proveer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Prevención de mantenimientos, caudales u otras cosas que se ponen en alguna parte para cuando hagan falta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de cosas, especialmente alimentos, que se guardan o reservan para un fin. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Providencia o disposición conducente al logro de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Despacho o mandamiento que en nombre del rey expedían algunos tribunales para que se ejecutase lo que por ellos se ordenaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T13:27:11.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23594" CreationDate="2017-12-27T14:52:07.280" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &quot;Semántica hispanoamericana&quot; de Charles Emily Kany (1962) se sugiere que el significado &quot;rubio&quot; de la palabra &quot;mono&quot; en Colombia se debe al &quot;&lt;em&gt;color de ciertos monos del país&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.monkeyworlds.com/es/mono-ardilla/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mono ardilla común&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo, tiene el pelaje de las extremidades y el lomo amarillos. Y veo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=mono&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE que en Bolivia al mono tití se le dice &lt;em&gt;mono amarillo&lt;/em&gt;. Me parece difícil confirmar esta hipótesis, pero esta foto de un mono ardilla es bastante elocuente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3u6HG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3u6HG.png&quot; alt=&quot;Saimiri sciureus - Mono ardilla común&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T15:40:41.283" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T15:40:41.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2017-12-27T22:52:24.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;h1&gt;How &lt;em&gt;y, ll&lt;/em&gt; are pronounced&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;gt;90% of Spanish dialects&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ⟨ll⟩ and ⟨y⟩ represent the same sound &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; (like an English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;. This is probably the sound most learners of Spanish will want to use, unless you want to emulate a specific accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the various ways the letters are pronounced around the Spanish-speaking world (along with examples of the sounds in English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;ellow&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;code&gt;most of Latin America; Southern Spain&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;yeísmo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;code&gt;/ʒ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;sei&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;ure&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;code&gt;much of Central, Western Rioplatense&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;zheísmo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sh&lt;/strong&gt;eep&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;code&gt;Buenos Aires;  Río de Plata;  Uruguay&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;sheísmo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;code&gt;/ʎ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;ion&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;ellow&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;Much of Northern Spain&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Maps of regional pronunciations&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, these images do not distinguish between &lt;em&gt;yeísmo/zheísmo/sheísmo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4fU3vm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4fU3vm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ajDEi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ajDEi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regions with the merger in dark blue, and regions with distinction in pink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Notes &amp;amp; sources&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/lexis/article/viewFile/1264/1222&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Valoración socioeconómica de los rasgos fonéticos dialectales de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, German&#xA;Coloma (2011)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2,&lt;/strong&gt; In emphatic speech, word initially, or after an &lt;em&gt;n, m&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; sound in Spanish can affricate, sounding as &lt;code&gt;[ɟʝ]&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;em&gt;similar&lt;/em&gt; to a less 'forceful' version of an English &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; e.g. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;ug&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;This is analogous to &lt;code&gt;/b/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/d/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/ɡ/&lt;/code&gt; being &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Consonants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;realized as approximants&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;[β]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ð]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ɣ]&lt;/code&gt; in all but these contexts in Spanish.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; Also found in areas of:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;em&gt;Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay&lt;/em&gt;, the central &lt;em&gt;Andes&lt;/em&gt;, Andean and Northeastern regions of &lt;em&gt;Argentina&lt;/em&gt;, southern &lt;em&gt;Chile&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Philippines&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• in some rural areas of &lt;em&gt;Castille and León&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Castilla-La Mancha, Murcia&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Extremadura&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• in some bilingual speakers of &lt;em&gt;la Comunidad Valenciana,​ Cataluña, Asturias, Galicia, Navarra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;the Basque Country&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T15:06:39.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23676" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23677" CreationDate="2017-12-27T23:47:49.717" Score="11" ViewCount="1269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm after something concise and somewhat common in usage. Would &quot;también llamado&quot; work, or is there something better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18458" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T07:41:49.420" Title="What is roughly equivalent to aka?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23676" CreationDate="2017-12-28T00:03:24.753" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in Argentina: &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;también conocido como&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comúnmente nombrado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comúnmente conocido como&lt;/em&gt; are pretty similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;Dwayne Johnson, &lt;strong&gt;aka&lt;/strong&gt; The Rock&quot; could be &lt;em&gt;&quot;Dwayne Johnson, &lt;strong&gt;alias&lt;/strong&gt; La Roca&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is concise and probably your best choice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=alias&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;alias&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;alias&lt;/em&gt; 'de otro modo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Por otro nombre. &lt;em&gt;Alfonso Tostado, alias el Abulense.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18459" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T07:41:49.420" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T07:41:49.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23678" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-12-28T11:13:53.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this tag for questions that are about words or phrases that have multiple meanings and can thus be understood in different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the question check list if your question fits the tag. You can also look at the example questions. If this tag doesn't fit your question have a look below at somehow related tags that might fit your question better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Question checklist&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the question about ambiguity of a word or a short phrase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the question contain the word or phrase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the question clearly describe the concern regarding the different meanings or interpretations?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example questions&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23263/existen-otras-palabras-bidireccionales-como-el-adjetivo-indiferente&quot;&gt;¿Existen otras palabras “bidireccionales” como el adjetivo “indiferente”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Not what you are looking for?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ant%c3%b3nimos&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ant&amp;#243;nimos&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ant&amp;#243;nimos&lt;/a&gt; for questions about words which mean the opposite of another word or concept.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/significado&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;significado&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;significado&lt;/a&gt; for questions about the meaning of a word within or without a specific context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T11:16:16.633" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T11:16:16.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23679" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-12-28T11:13:53.600" Score="0" Body="This tag is for questions about words or phrases that have multiple meanings and can thus be understood in different ways. " OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T11:16:13.393" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T11:16:13.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23597" CreationDate="2017-12-28T12:35:54.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Rhyme - 1614&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era Nochebuena, y en toda la casa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni un alma movíase, no, ni una rata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Calcetas con mimo ya sobre el hogar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  porque Papá Noël estaba al llegar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acurrucados los críos en sus camas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con algodones de äzúcar soñaban.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Con mi gorro yo, mamá con su pañuelo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ya listos para echar un sueño de invierno.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando del jardín un gran ruido llegó,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  salí de la cama y fui a ver qué pasó.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salté como un rayo hacia la ventana,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  abrí el postigo, subí la persiana.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De nieve reciente en el seno la luna&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  le daba a las cosas claridad diurna.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pasmados mis ojos, ¿qué fue lo que vieron?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ocho renitos y un mini trineo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vivaracho y pronto su viejo chofer,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al momento vi que era Papá Noël.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual águilas raudas sus renos llegaban,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y a silbos y a voces ¡a todos llamaba!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¡Ya Dasher! ¡Ya, Dancer! ¡Ya, Prancer y Vixen!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Va, Comet! ¡Va, Cupid! ¡Va, Donner y Blitzen!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Subíos al porche! ¡Subíos al muro!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Aprisa! ¡Aprisa! ¡Corred todos juntos!&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cual hojas que el viento furioso levanta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando hallan un tope y al cielo las alza.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Volaron los corceles hasta el tejado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con Claus, y el trineo de juegos cargado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y en un parpadeo yo pude escuchar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a cada pezuña trotar y pisar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y al tiempo que yo de asomarme dejaba,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por la chimenea con su hato bajaba.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De pies a cabeza con pieles vestido,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ropaje de hollín y ceniza teñido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su espalda cargada con muchos juguetes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  parecía un mendigo, abriendo paquetes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Oh, el brillo en sus ojos! ¡Hoyuelo feliz!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Rosadas mejillas, cereza nariz!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su boca graciosa cual arco curvada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nívea en su barbilla su barba poblada.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sujeta una pipa tenía en sus dientes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  su humo, guirnalda, rodeaba su frente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tenía ancha cara y redonda barriga,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que al reír ¡agitaba como gelatina!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viejo y fofo duende, gordito feliz,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sin querer, al verle, ¡echéme a reír!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Giró su cabeza y un ojo guiñó,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y entonces el miedo desapareció.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siguió trabajando sin decir ni pío,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  las medias llenó y de repente dio un giro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tocó su nariz y movió su cabeza,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡y arriba que se fue, por la chimenea!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A su equipo silbó, saltó a su trineo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cual pelo de cardo volando se fueron.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mientras se perdía, se le oía gritar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;¡Buena noche a todos! ¡Feliz Navidad!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;56 versos dodecasílabos en 14 estrofas, cada una con su rima AABB asonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T12:35:54.783" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-28T12:35:54.783" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23682" CreationDate="2017-12-28T14:54:06.997" Score="4" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading El País digital I find &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/economia/2017/12/28/actualidad/1514458603_150418.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt; entitled&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;España se la juega el último día del año con el AVE a La Meca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking in the dictionary of the language I find many meaning for &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt; but none which seems to resolve my doubts about the headline. The best option is a verbal phrase at the end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MaeD6rF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jugársela&lt;/a&gt;, o jugárselas a alguien&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. verbs. Comportarse con él mal o de modo desleal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main theme of the article is that the programme of work is not going very well if that helps to answer my question without having to read the whole article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T15:06:20.743" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T15:06:20.743" Title="What meaning of &quot;jugar&quot; is included in &quot;se la juega&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23681" CreationDate="2017-12-28T15:02:12.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The link you provided also shows a meaning that is adequate for this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;22&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Arriesgar, aventurar. &lt;em&gt;Jugarse la vida, la carrera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that means, Spain is venturing into a project that could be risky due to different factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the connotation here it's not negative itself, as the other meaning you referenced (&lt;em&gt;Comportarse con él mal o de modo desleal&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T15:02:12.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23684" CreationDate="2017-12-28T18:06:45.770" Score="2" ViewCount="625" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm enjoying a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h81fqZPHqDg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish listening lesson&lt;/a&gt; on Youtube. It is of a conversation between two people. There is this one part of the conversation I fail to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is being expressed by the question below in bold font:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Person1: Porque mañana tengo un examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Person2: &lt;strong&gt;¿Y qué tal lo llevas?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10965" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T18:39:27.553" Title="What is expressed by the question, &quot;Y qué tal lo llevas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23683" CreationDate="2017-12-28T18:39:27.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe a little bit more of the conversation can give more context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person1: Porque mañana tengo un examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person2: ¿Y qué tal lo llevas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person1: Regular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Person2: ¿No has estudiado suficiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case with &lt;em&gt;¿Y qué tal lo llevas?&lt;/em&gt; Person2 is asking Person1 how he/she is feeling about having an exam tomorrow. With the answer &amp;quot;Regular&amp;quot; (so-so), Person1 says the situation is not that good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A translation of &lt;em&gt;¿qué tal lo llevas?&lt;/em&gt; could then be: How is it going?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T18:39:27.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6997" CreationDate="2017-12-28T21:58:36.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=93vb5U9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chupa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, contrary to what is stated in the correct answer, is a word collected in the Spanish dictionary for a long time. It is not slang. Corominas dates it in 1723, indicating that it was probably taken (through the French) from the Arab &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;jubba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a kind of coat with sleeves, from which also come the words &lt;em&gt;jubón&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;chapona&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, a &lt;em&gt;chupa de boda&lt;/em&gt; is not figurative language or an isolated idiom. It simply means &quot;wedding jacket&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T21:58:36.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17239" CreationDate="2017-12-28T23:06:33.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fenómeno se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lenición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sonidos &lt;code&gt;/b/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/d/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/g/&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;/ɟʝ/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; se realizan como los aproximantes &lt;code&gt;[β̞]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ð̞]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ɣ̞]&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;[ʝ]&lt;/code&gt; (de aquí en adelante representadas sin tachuelas) en todas las posiciones excepto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;después de pausa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;después de consonante nasal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;después de consonante lateral (en los casos de &lt;code&gt;/d/&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;[ɟʝ]&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en estos contextos, son oclusivas sonoras (o una africada en el caso de &lt;code&gt;[ɟʝ]&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.j.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Letter&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Word-initial&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;After nasal&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;After lateral&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Intervocal&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;g&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;ato&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈga.to]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;man&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈmaŋ.go]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;al&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈal.ɣa]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ha&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈa.ɣo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;b&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;ato&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈba.to]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mam&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈmam.bo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;al&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;['al.βa]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ha&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;['a.βo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;d&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;ato&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈda.to]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;man&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈman.do]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hal&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈal.da]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ha&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈa.ðo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;y&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;ago&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈɟʝa.ɣo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;man&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈman.ɟʝo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;al &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;a&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[al.ɟʝa]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;a&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ˈa.ʝo]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonolog%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Sonidos_conson%C3%A1nticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonología_del_español#Sonidos_consonánticos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_note-b-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripción_fonética_del_español_con_el_AFI#cite_note-b-2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1. En algunos dialectos de Argentina y Uruguay (&lt;em&gt;Rioplatense&lt;/em&gt;) y Colombia,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;[ɟʝ]&lt;/code&gt; ~ &lt;code&gt;/ʝ/ &lt;/code&gt; se manifiestan como:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;[dʒ]&lt;/code&gt; ~ &lt;code&gt;[ɟʝ]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;[ʒ] &lt;/code&gt; ~ &lt;code&gt;[dʒ]&lt;/code&gt; o&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;[ʃ] &lt;/code&gt; ~ &lt;code&gt;[ʒ] &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-14T12:26:38.077" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T12:26:38.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23689" CreationDate="2017-12-29T02:38:53.027" Score="4" ViewCount="2924" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE publicó hace tiempo lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al tratarse de combinaciones de dos letras, &lt;strong&gt;las palabras que comienzan por estos dígrafos [&lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;] o que los contienen no se alfabetizan aparte, sino en los lugares que les corresponden dentro de la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; y de la &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente.&lt;/strong&gt; La decisión de adoptar el orden alfabético latino universal se tomó en el X Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, celebrado en 1994, y viene aplicándose desde entonces en todas las obras académicas. &lt;br&gt; &lt;sub&gt; — &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Principales_novedades_de_la_Ortografia_de_la_lengua_espanola.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Principales novedades de la última edición de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (2010)&lt;/a&gt; [PDF]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo qué significa la oración en negrita. ¿Podrían explicarme cómo va el orden alfabético con unos ejemplos? ¿Es que &lt;em&gt;-ch-&lt;/em&gt; se alfabetiza entre &lt;em&gt;-cg-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ci-&lt;/em&gt; y que &lt;em&gt;-ll-&lt;/em&gt; se alfabetiza entre &lt;em&gt;-lk-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-lm-&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T11:02:22.853" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T18:58:26.107" Title="¿Cómo se alfabetizan los dígrafos *ch* y *ll*?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23597" CreationDate="2017-12-29T02:43:14.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prose (meanwhile...) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;838 char &lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Nochebuena, la casa quieta, sola, medias en la chimenea listas para Papa Noel. Los chicos en cama con dulces sueños, mamá con su pañuelo y con mi gorra listos a ivernar.&#xA;  Oí algo afuera, me baje de cama a ver,&#xA;  La luna brillaba cual sol, mostrando un trineito con 8 renos.&#xA;  Un viejo y vivaz piloto, deduje 'Papá Noel', iba cual rayo, diciendo a sus renos:&#xA;  &quot;Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donner y Blitzen, al atrio&quot;;&#xA;  Al soco, evitando trabas subiendo, y llegaron a casa con el saco lleno de juguetes y Papa Noel.&#xA;  Se oyó en el techo los pasos de los renos y en mi mente lo vi bajar por la chimenea;&#xA;  Cubierto todo de pieles, con cenizas, cargando el saco de jugetes y abriendo su paquete;&#xA;  Guiñó sus ojos, sonrisa feliz, cachetes cual rosas, nariz de cereza, boca arqueada y barba blanca brillante;&#xA;  Tenía la pipa con los dientes, humo rodeando su cabeza, cara ancha, y una panza que brincó mientras reía;&#xA;  Callado, a lo suyo, llenó medias, se despidió y trepó por la chimenea;&#xA;  Saltó al trineo, silbó, se alejó y antes de perderse le oí &quot;Feliz Navidad y buenas noches a todos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier duda, con la Asale en las entradas Co (Colombia), comentarios o por el chat. En particular &quot;al soco&quot; es ir rápido y los múltiples ';' son para dividir estrofas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T02:43:14.863" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-12-29T02:43:14.863" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23687" CreationDate="2017-12-29T06:11:11.783" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, tu suposición es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la &lt;em&gt;alfabetización anterior&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario venían primero todas las palabras que empiezan con &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt; [excepto por &lt;em&gt;Ch&lt;/em&gt;] y luego, &lt;strong&gt;en sección aparte&lt;/strong&gt;,  las que empiezan con &lt;strong&gt;Ch&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Con la &lt;em&gt;alfabetización actual&lt;/em&gt; las palabras que empiezan por &lt;strong&gt;Ch&lt;/strong&gt; están entre las que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;Cg&lt;/em&gt; (si es que las hay) y las que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;Ci&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo se aplica a &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; en otra posición de la palabra y, de un modo análogo, ocurre con la &lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos concretos para &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A principio de palabra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordenación según la alfabetización anterior: caña, ceño, cirio, columna, cuño y luego &lt;strong&gt;chocolate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ordenación según la alfabetización actual: caña, ceño, &lt;strong&gt;chocolate&lt;/strong&gt;, cirio, columna, cuño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En otra parte de la palabra:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordenación según la alfabetización anterior: panceta, pancismo, &lt;strong&gt;pancho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ordenación según la alfabetización actual: panceta, &lt;strong&gt;pancho&lt;/strong&gt;, pancismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos con &lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A principio de palabra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordenación según la alfabetización anterior: lívido, liza, loa, loable, otras palabras que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, palabras que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;lu&lt;/em&gt; y luego las palabras que empiezan por &lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;, como &lt;strong&gt;llaga&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;lluvioso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ordenación actual: lívido, liza, &lt;strong&gt;llaga&lt;/strong&gt;, (otras palabras que empiezan por &lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;lluvioso&lt;/strong&gt;, loa, loable, otras palabras que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, palabras que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;lu&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En otra parte de la palabra:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordenación anterior: calambre, calenda, calibre, calor, calumnia, &lt;strong&gt;calle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ordenación actual: calambre, calenda, calibre, &lt;strong&gt;calle&lt;/strong&gt;, calor, calumnia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T18:58:26.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23694" CreationDate="2017-12-29T09:25:56.960" Score="3" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read the following: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/craft-beer-es-cerveza-artesana-o-artesanal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;La expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;craft beer&lt;/em&gt; tiene alternativas en español como cerveza artesana o artesanal&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now I want to understand how do Spanish-speaking people pronounce English words (e.g. &quot;beer&quot;). Are there any rules?:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I don't speak natively English nor Spanish)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update. I have heard recently on the radio RockFM (Madrid) how a presenter pronounces song names (which are in English). He doesn't try to sound like a Londoner but just says English words with Spanish accent. And so do I when I need to add some English words to my Russian speech:) It sounds a little funny.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example. In English there're diphthongs like &lt;em&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;ee&lt;/strong&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;G&lt;strong&gt;oo&lt;/strong&gt;gle&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Are they read in Spanish world commonly like &lt;code&gt;[b e e r]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[b i r]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[g o o g l]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[g u g l]&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;code&gt;[æpl]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[ʌple]&lt;/code&gt;? As far as I know &lt;code&gt;-ing&lt;/code&gt; is pronounced like &lt;code&gt;[i n]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16549" LastEditorUserId="16549" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:30:54.337" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:45:07.300" Title="How to pronounce English words in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23279" CreationDate="2017-12-29T10:45:54.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de los que comienzan &lt;em&gt;pen-&lt;/em&gt;, hay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;apenas&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;ad paene&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;antepenúltimo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;ante paenultimus&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;  &lt;em&gt;ante + paene + ultimus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18467" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T10:45:54.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23670" CreationDate="2017-12-29T11:44:20.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second use you show is what is called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SnQoPyzgSDbgkNSX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CONDICIONAL DE MODESTIA O DE CORTESÍA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in RAE's &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, where it explains why is it used (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15ñ&lt;/strong&gt; El llamado CONDICIONAL DE MODESTIA O DE CORTESÍA es paralelo al imperfecto de ese mismo tipo. De hecho, ambos alternan en esas construcciones -y, a veces, también con el presente-, como en &lt;em&gt;{Desearía ~ Deseaba ~ Deseo} hablar con el doctor&lt;/em&gt;. Como en el caso del imperfecto de cortesía (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pMhNFEmNYrvLtbdO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;§23.11e&lt;/a&gt;* y siguientes), &lt;strong&gt;el uso del presente puede resultar demasiado rudo, por lo que se tiende a evitar&lt;/strong&gt; en fórmulas como &lt;em&gt;No sabría decírtelo con seguridad&lt;/em&gt; (Vargas Llosa, &lt;em&gt;Hablador&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*Corrected original reference (§25.11e has nothing to do with this topic).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for such a use of the conditional (or the imperfect preterite, as mentioned) is that using the present might come off as rude, so people just switched to using other tenses.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can get a more in-depth explanation by looking at section &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGfrwiSBFDRaJZhl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;23.11f&lt;/a&gt;, which explains the context and probable reasoning behind the use of the imperfect preterite when you want to be polite (again, emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.11f&lt;/strong&gt; Aunque cabría suponer que en &lt;em&gt;Yo deseaba...&lt;/em&gt;, usado como pretérito de cortesía, se sobreentiende '... cuando vine (o he venido)' o alguna expresión pretérita similar, parece preferible entender que la situación pasada no se identifica mediante una forma verbal pretérita en el imperfecto de cortesía, sino de manera parecida a como se da sentido a los pretéritos imperfectos que se analizaron en los apartados precedentes. En efecto, &lt;em&gt;venía&lt;/em&gt; viene a significar 'vengo' en &lt;em&gt;Yo... venía a pedirle un favor&lt;/em&gt; (Buero, &lt;em&gt;Valmy&lt;/em&gt;)*; &lt;em&gt;deseaba&lt;/em&gt; puede alternar con &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;—¿Es usted el señor Caballero? —Servidor de usted... Yo deseaba...&lt;/em&gt; (Galdós, &lt;em&gt;Tormento&lt;/em&gt;)*; etc. &lt;strong&gt;Estas formas verbales se interpretan, pues, como presentes, pero a la vez designan situaciones enmarcadas en un escenario supuesto o ficticio que se crea, por razones retóricas, en ciertas relaciones sociales sujetas a fórmulas convencionales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*Replaced references to examples from other sections with the actual examples.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The gist of it is that, even though your request takes place in the present and you expect your petition to be fulfilled (like when you ask the &lt;em&gt;maître&lt;/em&gt; for a table, as in your example), &lt;strong&gt;you use the imperfect preterite or the conditional to make clear that you allow the &lt;em&gt;hypothetical&lt;/em&gt; outcome of your petition not being satisfied, or being just plainly rejected&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as for the general substitution of the simple conditional with the subjunctive tense, it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SeKXgCptKhqrIBQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explained here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.15u&lt;/strong&gt; (...) la alternancia entre [imperfecto de subjuntivo] y [condicional] se da en el español general, en cambio, con los auxiliares &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt; en las perífrasis verbales: &lt;em&gt;{Deberías ~ Debieras} prestar más atención&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;{Podría ~ Pudiera} interpretarse mal&lt;/em&gt;, con la excepción, ya analizada, de las prótasis condicionales.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No specific reasoning behind it this time; however, the imperfect subjunctive is the natural &quot;hypothetical future&quot; substitute to both conditional and imperfect preterite, as explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMQNrkJTjtmSdkUg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.1a&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QLoKl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QLoKl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus its usage as a substitute for those tenses in polite conversations (among other scenarios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quoting the RAE: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;«The imperfect subjuntive (...) is the most complex tense of the subjunctive mood, because of the syntactical contexts it is used in as well as the variety of meanings it conveys.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Also, preferences of using it over other tenses differ by region, so there is not a single rule or reason why it is used.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I recommend reading through the whole &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMhXzdYoHQCWhKD,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;24.2 section of &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramatica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; if you want to go deeper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T11:44:20.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23690" CreationDate="2017-12-29T15:34:47.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Words in English continue to belong to that language even if said within the context of another language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be people who, ignorant of their proper pronunciation or, even if aware of it, reluctant to pronounce in English within a Spanish context, will pronounce those words incorrectly, similarly to how they would pronounce them in Spanish (for example, /krafber/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you have read is quite explicit as to the presence of an English phrase within a Spanish sentence. Reference is also made to the English origin of the phrase and to its translation in Spanish. Besides, you are reading something that is written – in what circumstances would it be necessary to actually pronounce “craft beer”? In an oral presentation, the expression would most probably be written for attendants to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I largely agree with mdewey’s comment that the way in which an English word is pronounced within a Spanish context depends on the knowledge the speaker has of the foreign language. Unlike in Portuguese, where even speakers well-versed in English will make English words sound as they would according to the phonetic system in Portuguese (saying, for example, something similar to /aushtrichi/ for “Wall Street”), in Spanish speakers will pronounce English words more or less accurately according to their degree of knowledge of that language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:34:47.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23690" CreationDate="2017-12-29T15:38:43.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for sounds, languages differ in two aspects: what contrasts they recognize among spoken sounds (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;phonemics&lt;/a&gt;) and how those sounds are actually produced (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonetics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;phonetics&lt;/a&gt;). When native Spanish speakers who don't also speak English have to produce an English word, these two will act in succession (forgetting for the moment the matter of orthography).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First the Spanish speaker will try to match the English sounds to the Spanish phonemic system. English has more consonants than Spanish and many more vowels, so the matching process will discard many English sound contrasts from the get-go. For example, in British English &lt;em&gt;craft&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced with a long low back vowel, /ɑː/, while in the US it's pronounced with a short low-mid front vowel, /æ/. These have no phonemic counterpart in Spanish, they'll be conflated as /a/. Depending on the speaker and the dialect, even the low-mid back vowel /ʌ/ of &lt;em&gt;cruft&lt;/em&gt; will be mapped to Spanish /a/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for short and long /ɪ/ and /iː/ (as in &lt;em&gt;tin&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;teen&lt;/em&gt;), which will be mapped to Spanish /i/, and for the schwa, which might end up as /a/ or maybe /e/ (&lt;em&gt;beer&lt;/em&gt; /bɪə/ or /biːɹ/ will probably end up as /biar/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once this mapping has taken place, there comes the second part: adapting the phonetics. Spanish speakers might recognize a phonemic contrast and employ it, but the actual realization of the sound might not be the same as in English. For example, both languages have &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5177/voiceless-vs-voiced-stops-plosivas-sordas-vs-sonoras&quot;&gt;two series of stops, voiceless and voiced&lt;/a&gt;, /p t k b d g/, which are readily recognizable, but they don't realize them in the same way. English voiced stops remain stops between vowels, but Spanish turns them into fricatives; English voiceless stops are initially aspirated, while Spanish ones are not. That's why Spanish speakers sometimes render &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; as [tʃu] (as if they were pronouncing a Spanish word &lt;em&gt;chu&lt;/em&gt;): because aspiration is not something Spanish has. Furthermore, English stops /t d/ are alveolar, while Spanish /t d/ are dental. And the English &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; has a handful of possible realizations, none of which coincide with the Spanish alveolar tap (the &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;toro&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish also has a more restricted syllable structure (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonotactics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;phonotactics&lt;/a&gt;), so upon encountering an English word like &lt;em&gt;craft&lt;/em&gt;, Spanish speakers will tend to simplify it to something like &lt;em&gt;*craf&lt;/em&gt; (no Spanish words have a final /f/, but it's easy enough to produce one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this assumes the Spanish speaker in question has no experience of hearing English and/or training in English pronunciation, which, depending on the region, socioeconomic status and the like, might be more or less unlikely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:45:07.300" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:45:07.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23210" CreationDate="2017-12-29T20:03:37.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No conocía la expresión &quot;cada dos por tres&quot;, pero sí uso &quot;en un dos por tres&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo imagino que se refiere a que la operación &lt;code&gt;2 x 3 = 6&lt;/code&gt; es muy fácil de recordar, no tiene ninguna dificultad y se responde así de rápido. Por lo tanto, puede usarse en expresiones que dan a entender que algo es &quot;fácil&quot;, &quot;claro&quot; o &quot;rápido&quot; y, por extensión, algo &quot;frecuente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que esto es lo más simple de entender, y por ahora no creo que haya alguna explicación histórica más complicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T20:03:37.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22889" CreationDate="2017-12-29T20:14:49.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=QGddAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=agallas%20avaro&amp;amp;dq=agallas%20avaro&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiI19q8g7DYAhVKGJAKHVVgCZ8Q6AEIMjAC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Semántica hispanoamericana&lt;/a&gt; de Charles Emil Kany se plantea esta interesante teoría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;agalla&lt;/em&gt; (de pez) por 'codicia', ya que el rápido abrirse y cerrarse de las agallas sugiere avaricia, deriv. &lt;em&gt;agalludo&lt;/em&gt; 'codicioso, avaro'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T20:14:49.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16619" CreationDate="2017-12-29T22:56:45.227" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; no se pronuncia en castellano. Es muy posible que las pronunciaciones exageradas andaluzas a las que se alude en otra de las respuestas no se deban en absoluto a la persistencia de un rastro de la antigua /h/ inicial (que no necesariamente proviene de /f/; cf. &lt;em&gt;hielo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; latín &lt;em&gt;gelus&lt;/em&gt;), sino a motivos fonéticos sincrónicos (actuales).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano las sílabas formadas por &lt;em&gt;hi-&lt;/em&gt; más vocal son fonéticamente similares a las que comienzan por &lt;em&gt;y-&lt;/em&gt; más vocal (&lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;yerro&lt;/em&gt;). En muchas regiones hispanoparlantes las palabras como &lt;em&gt;hierro&lt;/em&gt; tienen un sonido semiconsonántico o semivocálico, [j] ~ [i̯], mientras que las otras tienen un sonido más o menos fricativo que puede hacerse incluso africado, [ʝ] ~ [ɟʝ]. Ambos sonidos se articulan en el mismo punto de la boca (el paladar) y en algunos dialectos se confunden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que una pronunciación enfática de [je] termine sonando como [ʝe]~[ʝi̯e]. La vocal /i/ es palatal, de manera que el mero sonido [ʝ] la incluye, por así decirlo. Por su significado la palabra &lt;em&gt;hiede&lt;/em&gt; se presta a esta clase de afectación fonética, que puede ser expresiva (el énfasis fonético expresa el asco que produce el hedor en cuestión).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T22:56:45.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23709" CreationDate="2017-12-30T02:45:31.540" Score="2" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17100/palabra-m%C3%A1s-polivalente-del-espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;una pregunta&lt;/a&gt; acerca de las palabras con más significados, se me ocurrió incluir el uso del ASALE, que aumentaría acepciones y locuciones de varias palabras, pero me llamó la atención en particular que el verbo tirar aparece como verbo pronominal en el DLE en su acepción 38 (Poseer sexualmente a alguien) y como intransitivo en el diccionario de la ASALE en su acepción I (Mantener relaciones sexuales con alguien). Siendo significados similares, ¿Qué causa el cambio gramatical en el verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-06T19:09:54.150" Title="¿Cómo definir el tipo gramatical de un verbo con significados similares?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;asale&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23704" CreationDate="2017-12-30T03:05:09.530" Score="2" ViewCount="406" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la acción o acto de administrar es &quot;administración&quot;. Cómo se diría, si existe, a la acción o acto de molestar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T14:03:11.017" Title="Cómo se dice a la acción o acto de molestar?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-30T06:09:30.183" Score="2" ViewCount="598" Body="&lt;p&gt;The direct and indirect object pronoun in the first person plural is &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt;, obviously related to &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;. Why is, then, the second person plural &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt;, since &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; would make more sense in order to correspond with &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;? (I know that &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is used in certain dialects of Spanish, but it is not used as the direct or indirect object pronoun.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14064" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T23:59:13.413" Title="Why “os” and not “vos”?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23701" CreationDate="2017-12-30T11:46:31.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; developed during the Middle Ages as a shorter form of &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; to be used after verb conjugations which ended in a consonant. This often meant the imperative, ending in &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt;. It first appears like this in writings of the 13th century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cluster &lt;em&gt;-dv-&lt;/em&gt; (phonetically [db]) was (and is) very unusual in Spanish, so the speakers first simplified it by dropping the &lt;em&gt;-v-&lt;/em&gt; and then began generalizing this form to all positions. By the 16th century &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; as the object pronoun had almost disappeared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=zgHXDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA37&amp;amp;ots=GCrcaNq6qH&amp;amp;pg=PA38#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forms of Address in the Spanish of the Americas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T23:59:13.413" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T23:59:13.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23700" CreationDate="2017-12-30T14:03:11.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acción y efecto de molestar es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PZ5Xhcs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;molestia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Notablemente, ésta es una de esas palabras que tiene dos significados complementarios, porque también significa &quot;acción y efecto de molestar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, es decir: una molestia es lo que un agente causa sobre un paciente, y es también lo que el paciente experimenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo &lt;em&gt;molesto&lt;/em&gt; también tiene esta ambigüedad, que normalmente se resuelve por contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T14:03:11.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23708" CreationDate="2017-12-30T14:44:53.977" Score="1" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading a short story in Spanish. The line below confused me a little though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya os lo he dicho antes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I believe the translation is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have already told you before&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; that I am unsure of. So I know &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; is the second person plural for direct and indirect object pronouns &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; the third person singular for direct objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just don't know how I would get from thinking the english sentence to the spanish one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; is the subject and &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; is the verb so &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; would be the direct object. Clearly though I have this wrong though&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T02:04:29.563" Title="understanding sentence with direct and indirect object pronouns" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23705" CreationDate="2017-12-30T15:06:58.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation is correct. I think the best approach to resolving this sort of question is to supply nouns instead of pronouns. So would you say in English &quot;I have already told the story to the listener&quot; or &quot;I have already told to the story the listener&quot;? That makes it clear that &quot;you&quot; and hence &quot;os&quot; is here an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T15:06:58.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2017-12-30T17:30:51.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned Spanish while living in Puerto Rico for 5 years. We used &quot;medias&quot; for socks. I live in Dallas, Tx now and the Mexicans call socks &quot;calcetines&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very interesting how the Spanish language has so many different words for things in different countries. I love learning. So I'll keep my ears open and learn more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18475" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T19:39:38.817" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T19:39:38.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23705" CreationDate="2017-12-30T23:29:25.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your translation is correct, but not literal (and that's fine). In the Spanish sentence there is a direct object, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, which is not present in the English translation. This is because the English verb &lt;em&gt;tell&lt;/em&gt; works without it, in this case, and moreover it would sound a bit wrong if you said &lt;em&gt;I have already told you it&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English has this particular way of organizing the objects of certain verbs, like &lt;em&gt;tell&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;give&lt;/em&gt;, whereby you can say e. g. &lt;em&gt;you told a story to me&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;you told me a story&lt;/em&gt;. For &lt;em&gt;tell&lt;/em&gt;, however, you can also say &lt;em&gt;you told me&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;you told me about something, the thing we are talking about right now in context&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BxLriBU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Decir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is not intransitive in its usual meaning; the thing being said must appear somewhere in the sentence, be it as a pronoun, a noun phrase, or a subordinate phrase (&lt;em&gt;Ya os he dicho que…&lt;/em&gt;). You may sometimes omit this thing-being-said if it's clear enough from context, as in English, but it often sounds better if you do mention it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-31T19:34:06.623" LastActivityDate="2017-12-31T19:34:06.623" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23699" CreationDate="2017-12-31T00:31:20.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si he comprendido la pregunta adecuadamente, pero en el caso de ese verbo, este es tanto intransitivo como pronominal (si uno se refiere en el último caso el valor del “se”). Supongo que la revisión de las acepciones habrá movido las posiciones de las mismas, pero hasta donde entiendo, el uso indicado es el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por si no ha quedado suficientemente claro: @VeAqui el verbo es el mismo, no son verbos distintos. Con esa acepción es intransitivo y pronominal; intransitivo porque no toma objeto directo, pronominal porque emplea un pronombre que no afecta directamente a su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marca de verbo pronominal/pseudorreflexivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;María se asustó mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juan se rompió una pierna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puso todo nervioso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No se arrepiente de nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se quedó tan tranquilo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se fue de clase sin decir nada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se levantó y se marchó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recurso de una página oficial de la Xunta de Galicia, gobierno de una región de España con competencias académicas.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edu.xunta.gal/centros/iesfranciscodavinarey/system/files/USOS+DE+SE.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.edu.xunta.gal/centros/iesfranciscodavinarey/system/files/USOS+DE+SE.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se la tiró puede significar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le tiró una piedra a ella &amp;gt; se la tiró&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;La: complemento indirecto (a ella)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se: sustituye a le, para evitar cacofonía, es el complemento directo (la piedra)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mantuvo relaciones sexuales con ella &amp;gt; se la tiró&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Obviando el brutal cambio de registro de la frase, estas son equivalentes en términos estrictamente significativos. La es un complemento indirecto, y se es un complemento pronominal. No hay complemento directo, por lo que el verbo es intransitivo. En el primer caso, el verbo estaba actuando como transitivo, porque sí tenía objeto directo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estás estudiando español como extranjero, no te recomiendo que ahondes demasiado en los valores de 'se' antes de conseguir una buena base de la lengua en general. Puede darte muchos dolores de cabeza en esta particularidad la gramática española, pues es bastante flexible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el español es tu lengua nativa, te recomiendo que consultes algún manual de gramática o de sintaxis que explique con más detalle estos aspectos, pues seguro que quedarán mejor ejemplificados y definidos que por mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un abrazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7219" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-06T19:09:54.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23712" CreationDate="2017-12-31T10:52:05.287" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the regular cases where an indefinite article [ind.art.] is not used, I found this example (i.e &quot;&lt;em&gt;Jorge y Maria son matrimonio&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) extremely irregular. I looked up all kinds of sources on the use of indefinite articles and I'm still confused about this use. Many references claim that the ind.art. is not used when it's not necessary to emphasize the actual number (i.e one). So for example when we say &quot;&lt;em&gt;son un matrimonio&lt;/em&gt;&quot; it sounds like we want to stress that they are only ONE couple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I understand it correctly? If not, please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18482" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-31T22:00:09.973" LastActivityDate="2017-12-31T22:00:09.973" Title="&quot;son matrimonio&quot; : why not &quot;son UN matrimonio&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23711" CreationDate="2017-12-31T12:48:39.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son un matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; sounds right to me and it doesn't sound as if you were trying to emphasize anything. You do this with all sorts of groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son un equipo de profesionales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son un grupo de aventureros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son una pareja de amigos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc. &lt;em&gt;Son matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; without the indefinite article is not something I hear often, but that might be a regional thing. I do hear and read &lt;em&gt;son pareja&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;they are a couple&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that &lt;em&gt;son matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;son pareja&lt;/em&gt; are idiomatic phrases, maybe because they refer to a very specific relationship/institution. They just don't follow the usual rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you can say &lt;em&gt;Jorge y María son matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; but you cannot say any of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Jorge y María son matrimonio exitoso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Jorge y María son matrimonio de artistas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Jorge y María son matrimonio que ha pasado por muchas aventuras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, you cannot add any modifiers to the noun &lt;em&gt;matrimonio&lt;/em&gt;. This seems to show that &lt;em&gt;ser matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; is indeed a fixed idiom and not a regular construction. (The examples above do work perfectly if you add the indefinite article.) In fact &lt;em&gt;ser matrimonio&lt;/em&gt; acts like a stative predicate, while the regular version with the indefinite article is a common nominal predicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son matrimonio.&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;Están casados.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They're married.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Son un matrimonio.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They're two people married to each other.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2017-12-31T17:13:17.390" LastActivityDate="2017-12-31T17:13:17.390" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-31T17:21:21.533" Score="1" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;falsa alarma&quot; y &quot;alarma falsa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18484" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2017-12-31T21:58:11.833" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T01:29:37.433" Title="Falsa alarma o alarma falsa?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2018-01-02T07:42:52.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23705" CreationDate="2018-01-01T02:04:29.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation to English would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have already told you this before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I already told you that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or some combination of these options).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help you have a clear idea of what's a direct object and what's an indirect object, let's consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I lend her books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Books&quot; is the direct object, and &quot;her&quot; is the indirect object.  Hopefully that is already clear to you (if not please let me know), so you'll be able to extend that to arrive at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;direct object is &quot;that&quot; / &quot;this&quot; | &quot;lo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;indirect object is &quot;you&quot; | &quot;os&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also asked how to start from an English sentence and then express the idea in Spanish.  In the beginning, before habits are ingrained, you have to build up your sentence step by step.  If you're using pronouns, you'll put the indirect object pronoun first, and then squeeze in the direct object pronoun between the indirect object pronoun and the verb.  Later on, after you've had more practice, it won't be so laborious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you are working with a nice textbook that gives you practice drills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T02:04:29.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-01T10:49:14.970" Score="5" ViewCount="26239" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el caso de vocativos, se usa coma después de palabras como &lt;em&gt;hola&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;; por ejemplo, se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(¿Ya hiciste la tarea?) - Sí, mamá. / No, mamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ¿qué signo de puntuación se usa cuando después de alguna de estas palabras se escribe una oración? Por ejemplo, ¿qué oración es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, ¿cómo estás? / Hola. ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(¿Vas a ir a la fiesta?) - Sí, llegaré a las 8. / Sí. Llegaré a las 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(¿Vas a ir a la fiesta?) - No, no iré. / No. No iré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18487" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T13:35:03.683" LastActivityDate="2021-04-20T16:12:11.357" Title="Coma o punto después de palabras como hola, sí, no" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23718" CreationDate="2018-01-01T14:44:22.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://grammatikus.blogspot.com.ar/2011/06/preguntas-36-40.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt; encontré lo que creo es una respuesta bastante acertada a la primera pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, ¿cómo estás? / Hola. ¿Cómo estás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hola&quot; es una interjección. Al respecto, el blog mencionado dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La interjección es una clase de palabra que forma expresiones exclamativas con las que se manifiestan sentimientos, impresiones o reacciones afectivas, se induce a la acción o se apela al interlocutor (entre las interjecciones de carácter apelativo se incluyen también las fórmulas de saludo y despedida). &lt;strong&gt;Las interjecciones y las locuciones interjectivas pueden formar por sí mismas un enunciado o insertarse en otro&lt;/strong&gt;, pero conservando en él su autonomía sintáctica y significativa, &lt;strong&gt;de ahí que se escriban entre comas, o entre una coma y otro signo si aparecen en posición inicial o final&lt;/strong&gt;. En el ejemplo que nos ocupa, si se prescindiera del vocativo y solo se usaran la interjección y la interrogante, quedaría: &quot;Hola, ¿cómo estás?&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El blog está en lo correcto en cuanto a la posibilidad de que las interjecciones sean independientes o estén insertas en otros enunciados. Si pueden formar enunciados autónomos, a mi entender el blog omite decir que también pueden estar separadas por puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hola. ¿Cómo estás? (La diferencia en el habla será, obviamente, una mayor pausa si se utiliza punto.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a los adverbios afirmativo y negativo &quot;sí&quot; y &quot;no&quot;, ambas puntuaciones son también posibles &lt;strong&gt;siempre que el adverbio se refiera al verbo de la oración que sigue&lt;/strong&gt;. Si usamos una coma, el adverbio refuerza el sentido afirmativo o negativo de la oración. Si usamos un punto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) el adverbio reemplaza toda la oración objeto de la pregunta (un caso de elipsis), si es que el verbo de la pregunta es diferente del de la oración que sigue, o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) en caso de que los verbos sean iguales, se puede usar punto simplemente para marcar una pausa mayor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. ¿&lt;strong&gt;Vas a ir&lt;/strong&gt; a la fiesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Sí (= &lt;strong&gt;Voy a ir&lt;/strong&gt;). LLegaré a las 8. (La coma en este caso seria incorrecta, pues equivaldría a yuxtaponer dos verbos: ?Voy a ir, llegaré a las 8.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B'. Sí, &lt;strong&gt;iré&lt;/strong&gt; con gusto. (= Sí que iré, y lo haré con gusto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. ¿&lt;strong&gt;Vas a ir&lt;/strong&gt; a la fiesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. No, no iré. (El primer &quot;no&quot; refuerza el segundo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B'. No. No iré. (El primer &quot;no&quot; reemplaza a &quot;No iré&quot;. El hablante hace una pausa mayor entre ambos enunciados, como si dijera: &lt;em&gt;No iré. No iré de ninguna manera&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-01-01T18:16:02.523" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T18:16:02.523" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4485" CreationDate="2018-01-01T15:57:18.677" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El que lea esto le digo, decir &quot;más bueno&quot; en lugar de &quot;mejor&quot; es la mayor burrada que puede cometer y es una pena que la &quot;irreal academia de la lengua Española&quot; lo acepte, pero entiendo que tienen que justificar sus astronómicos salarios y tienen que inventarse alguna novedad para no perder sus puestos de trabajo.&#xA;Ejemplos de uso: Yo soy bueno, fulano es mejor que yo, sutano es el mejor.&#xA;En el caso de referirse a la &quot;cualidad de bondad&quot; bueno-bondadoso es suficiente con decir &quot;El es bueno o El es bondadoso&quot; es una estupidez comparar dos personas bondadosas diciendo fulano es más bueno/bondadoso que zutano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18488" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T15:57:18.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25929" CreationDate="2018-01-02T10:37:22.057" Score="4" ViewCount="2453" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fin de año descubrí que aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7hvpxCz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;carrillón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es correcto, la forma más correcta etimológicamente es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7ZMVQUa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;carillón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, dado que viene de la palabra francesa &lt;em&gt;carillon&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque hay registro de la palabra &lt;em&gt;carillón&lt;/em&gt; en un diccionario de 1617 (el Minsheu), la RAE no recoge la palabra en su diccionario hasta 1925. La versión &lt;em&gt;carrillón&lt;/em&gt; no se introdujo hasta 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En textos, en el CORDE veo un uso de &lt;em&gt;carrillón&lt;/em&gt; en 1935, mientras que &lt;em&gt;carillón&lt;/em&gt; aparece en un texto de 1842. Se ve por tanto que, efectivamente, la palabra se comenzó a usar con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; y luego pasó a ser usada con &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se debe esta conversión? ¿Qué hace que una palabra con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; pase a ser pronunciada con &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Existen otras palabras que hayan sufrido esta misma evolución?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T18:11:19.780" Title="Conversión de &quot;carillón&quot; a &quot;carrillón&quot;" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23721" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:18:34.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión es una cuestión de etimología popular o reanálisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se identifica un sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt; y la base que queda (con /ɾ/) no se identifica con nada, así que si se busca un poco se da con una base que sí existe con /r/ (&lt;em&gt;carrill‑&lt;/em&gt;), aunque la relación semántica sea nula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:18:34.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23721" CreationDate="2018-01-02T16:36:04.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me sorprende encontrarlo así porque desde pequeño conocía la palabra &quot;carillón&quot; de clases de música del colegio. No sé si mi subconsciente me traiciona al sugerirme la mezcla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carillón, como digo, es un instrumento musical que (&lt;em&gt;grosso modo&lt;/em&gt;) viene a ser como un metalófono pero en pequeño (éste a su vez es como un xilófono pero con placas de metal en lugar de madera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como apuntas, carillón también significa (RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grupo de campanas en una torre, que producen un sonido armónico por estar acordadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cual proviene del francés antiguo &lt;code&gt;QUADRINIONE&lt;/code&gt;, del latín &lt;code&gt;quaternio&lt;/code&gt;, grupo de 4 (campanas). Así que tiene bastante sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu pregunta, lo primero que se me ocurre es buscar &quot;carrillo&quot; y además de la acepción de moflete, tenemos &lt;code&gt;polea&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me inclino bastante a pensar que se debe a la icónica imagen de la bola descendiendo. La mayoría de la gente (aunque si me permitís el chiste hay quien aún se lía con los cuartos) asocia el carillón a este descenso de la bola, que evoca la liberación de alguna polea en el mecanismo del reloj. Por tanto, encuentro probable que éste sea el causante. Esto, o que el sonido recuerde al tintinear de un &lt;code&gt;carro&lt;/code&gt; de caballerías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T16:36:04.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23725" CreationDate="2018-01-03T09:21:34.547" Score="2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;En electrónica, un &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-pass_filter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;low-pass filter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es, a grandes rasgos, un componente a través del cual solo pueden pasar las señales de baja frecuencia. De igual manera, un &lt;em&gt;high-pass filter&lt;/em&gt; es un componente que solo deja pasar frecuencias altas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, estos componentes se llaman «&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.raing.es/es/lema/filtro-paso-bajo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filtro &lt;strong&gt;paso bajo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;» y «&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario.raing.es/es/lema/filtro-paso-alto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filtro &lt;strong&gt;paso alto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde siempre, el uso de la expresión «paso bajo» como adjetivo de «filtro» me ha parecido un poco raro en español. Me da la sensación de que es una traducción demasiado literal. No sé explicarlo bien, pero creo que si este concepto lo hubiese ideado un hispanohablante, lo habría llamado... «filtro &quot;bajopasante&quot;» o algo por el estilo. Lo mismo aplica para «filtro paso alto».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Tiene base gramatical traducir el &quot;adjetivo&quot; &lt;em&gt;low-pass&lt;/em&gt; como «paso bajo»?&lt;/strong&gt; Y si no la tiene, &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál sería una traducción más ideal?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T21:42:35.630" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:51:11.740" Title="¿Es gramaticalmente correcta la actual traducción de «low-pass filter» como «filtro paso bajo»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23724" CreationDate="2018-01-03T10:10:42.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es curioso, porque yo juraría que estos filtros los estudié en la carrera como &quot;filtro de paso de baja&quot; y &quot;de paso de alta&quot;. La explicación es que lo que se deja pasar (o no) son frecuencias, que es una palabra de género femenino. Por tanto, la expresión sería &quot;filtro de paso de baja&quot; para indicar que toda frecuencia baja pasa. También se podría decir &quot;filtro de bajas frecuencias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google se pueden encontrar más de 1000 resultados para &quot;filtro de paso baja&quot;, apenas una decena para &quot;filtro de paso de baja&quot;, y más de 16000 para &quot;filtro de paso de bajas&quot; (incluyendo siempre las comillas en el término de búsqueda). Para &quot;filtro de paso bajo&quot; se encuentran más de 120000, por lo que parece que es el término consolidado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación gramatical supongo que será por la concordancia entre el género de &lt;em&gt;alto/bajo&lt;/em&gt; con el de &lt;em&gt;paso&lt;/em&gt;. Visualmente se podría identificar como las &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=puertas%20imaginarium&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;source=iu&amp;amp;ictx=1&amp;amp;fir=wUesQP82ejzpDM%253A%252C9wLmA5d0p_ogjM%252C_&amp;amp;usg=__YQ5iTPn_H8zfXJ6FBX5E7PSGeQA%3D&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi92IzVxrvYAhUO2aQKHdm5AMIQ9QEIPDAD#imgrc=_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puertas del Imaginarium&lt;/a&gt;: una grande y otra pequeña. Por la puerta pequeña (el paso bajo) solo pasan los niños (las bajas frecuencias), y por la puerta grande pasan preferentemente los adultos (las altas frecuencias). Sí, los pequeños también pueden pasar por la puerta grande, pero vamos, es para que cojáis la idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T10:10:42.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23728" CreationDate="2018-01-03T13:18:31.010" Score="2" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read the sentence below and believe it translates to something like &quot;enjoy your trip to the US&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que disfutes tu viaje a US&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In google translate &quot;Que disfutes&quot; translates to &quot;enjoy it&quot; is this correct? I don't quite understand the use of Que in this sentence? Of course this could simply be a case of where I should not be trying to translate every single word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T13:36:19.587" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T05:52:05.123" Title="&quot;Que disfutes&quot; - What does the &quot;que&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23726" CreationDate="2018-01-03T13:27:39.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note first of all that the verb &lt;em&gt;disfrutar&lt;/em&gt; is in the subjunctive so this is a wish almost corresponding to an imperative. If you omitted the &lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; it would sound much harsher like a command which is probably not the intention. The usage of &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; here is an idiom in the sense of idiom - do not try to translate it just accept that is how it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T13:27:39.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23726" CreationDate="2018-01-03T13:33:33.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think of it as a short way to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espero/deseo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; disfrutes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are expressing here is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wish/want &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; you enjoy ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say &quot;Disfruta tu viaje&quot; same as in English where it is common to simply say &quot;Enjoy your trip&quot; or just &quot;Enjoy!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case even if &quot;disfruta tu viaje&quot; is in imperative form the meaning and the intention is usually understood as the same as in &quot;&lt;strike&gt;espero&lt;/strike&gt; que disfrutes tu viaje&quot; which is a wish for you to enjoy your trip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T13:38:29.377" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T13:38:29.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23724" CreationDate="2018-01-03T18:08:20.670" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actualmente se utilizan las terminologías &quot;pasa baja&quot;, &quot;pasa alta&quot;, &quot;pasa banda&quot; y &quot;rechaza-banda&quot;. Son las que siempre he oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T18:08:20.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23820" CreationDate="2018-01-03T18:49:31.913" Score="6" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de ser lo más normal escribir &lt;em&gt;la parte inferior&lt;/em&gt; de una página, entrome la duda si se podía usar apenas &lt;em&gt;la inferior&lt;/em&gt;.  El DLE no recoge &lt;em&gt;inferior&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo propio (la 3.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; admite uso como sustantivo, pero con ambos géneros).  Buscando en Google, resulta que esta construcción «la inferior de la página» tiene escaso uso especialmente frente a «el inferior de la página».  Qué curioso, ya que no veo a qué se refiere en masculino.  La parte, la sección, el área, la zona, la división, la mayoría de las palabras que se puede concebir como posiblemente el referente son femeninas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna forma de explicar el uso en masculino de &lt;em&gt;inferior&lt;/em&gt; para referir a esa parte de la página?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T14:45:34.173" Title="¿Debe de ser «el» o «la» inferior de una página?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="34442" CreationDate="2018-01-04T03:24:51.317" Score="8" ViewCount="2385" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este invierno está siendo un pelín más duro de lo normal aquí en Boston. Llevamos un par de semanas con temperaturas muy bajas (alrededor de unos 11 grados Farenheit, unos -6 grados centígrados) que hacen que no quieras salir de casa a menos que tengas que hacerlo. Pero aparte de ir a trabajar o a hacer la comprar, a veces tienes que salir... por salir de casa!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés existe el término idiomático &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabin_fever&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cabin fever&lt;/a&gt;&quot; que designa esa situación precisamente, como si estuvieses en una cabaña aislada en el monte, completamente rodeado de nieve y sin nada que hacer o donde ir. Este modismo se usa para expresar situaciones que van desde la claustrofobia hasta el aburrimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi situación actual es el sentido más literal: Mañana (jueves), alerta por nieve, para el sábado se espera las nada envidiables temperaturas de -14˚C (la máxima) y -9˚C  el domingo, pero el modismo puede usarse en otras situaciones en el sentido figurado. Por ejemplo, si te vas de puente con los colegas a una casa rural y te das una maratón de pelis o de jugar videojuegos llega un momento que necesitas salir fuera de la casa a respirar y a hacer otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que esa situación claustrofóbica de &quot;cabin fever&quot; provoca, entre otras cosas, irritabilidad, a veces decimos que &quot;nos subimos por las paredes&quot;, pero esta expresión se usa para designar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RucCTKo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;irritabilidad&lt;/a&gt;, más que la necesidad de salir fura de la casa y cambiar de aires y entorno o vencer el aburrimiento (y evitar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2kcyNcZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;anquilosarse&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que nunca he oído en español la expresión &quot;fiebre de la cabina&quot; o &quot;fiebre de la cabaña&quot;, que serían las traducciones más literales del término. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay un término o modismo en español que describa esa sensación de &quot;cabin fever&quot; que puede ser de irritabilidad, aburrimiento, hastío... por estar metido en casa durante muuuuucho tiempo sin prácticamente nada que hacer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T07:11:53.843" Title="¿Cómo designar al sentimiento de &quot;cabin fever&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23733" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23737" CreationDate="2018-01-04T03:31:45.207" Score="3" ViewCount="4382" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de la frase es claro. La entrada en el DLE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bbdGpd4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a decir verdad, o a la verdad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;locs. advs&lt;/em&gt;. de verdad (‖ de manera cierta).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es la construcción de la frase como tal la que no me parece intuitiva. Yo hubiera esperado algo como: &quot;diciendo la verdad&quot; o algo por el estilo. Por otra parte no es una construcción que se pueda generalizar a otras situaciones (según mi opinión), por ejemplo, no creo que nadie diga: &quot;a decir mentira&quot; ¿Hay alguna explicación acerca del origen de esta frase? ¿Cómo se debe interpretar el &quot;a decir&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T08:04:46.703" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T08:16:58.280" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la frase &quot;a decir verdad&quot;?" Tags="&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23730" CreationDate="2018-01-04T06:03:08.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lo que estás haciendo referencia es lo que se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;Deixis&lt;/strong&gt;, o para ser más claro, una referencia a un elemento que se ha dicho antes, o se dirá despues, o debe inferirse. Ese elemento referenciado puede ausentarse de la frase: &quot;la (parte) inferior&quot; - la inferior. Entonces, no se está tomando a inferior como un sustantivo, sino como un adjetivo que califica a un elemento ya referenciado (anáfora), o por referenciar (catáfora), o también a ser inferido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, en cuanto al uso masculino, ya colocaste un uso, creo que no te diste cuenta: &lt;em&gt;el (área) inferior de la página&lt;/em&gt;. Otro uso sería: &lt;em&gt;el (sector) inferior de la página&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Coloco entre paréntesis, los elementos que pueden ser omitidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18493" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T08:43:16.690" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T08:43:16.690" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23814" CreationDate="2018-01-04T06:38:47.263" Score="2" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés: I was recently reading a Spanish book for children which had various suggestions for role playing ideas and one was some sort of mock surgical procedure.  Not much dialog was suggested, but what surprised me was that the book suggested role players shout out “¡Al ataque!” before starting the surgery.  The book then went on with instructions to direct the children to start tickling the patient. &#xA; Is it realistic for a surgeon in a Spanish speaking country to begin an operation with this phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español: Hace poco tiempo estuve leyendo un libro español para niños que tenía diversas sugerencias para juegos de roles y una de ellas era la cirugía.  Poco diálogo se propuso, pero lo que me sorprendió era que el libro sugirió que los jugadores griten «¡Al ataque!» antes de comenzar la cirugía.  El libro luego continuó con instrucciones dirigiendo a los niños a hacerle cosquillas al paciente, pero me hizo pensar si cirujanos usan una palabra o frase especial antes de comenzar la cirugía.  ¿Es realista que un cirujano en un país hispanoparlante utilice esta frase para comenzar una operación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T19:20:20.550" LastActivityDate="2019-05-02T11:26:10.090" Title="Do Spanish surgeons shout “¡Al ataque!” before they begin an operation?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="28" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23732" CreationDate="2018-01-04T08:02:26.153" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una palabra muy curiosa en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CSR2qUL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desapolillar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Quitar la polilla a la ropa o a otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. coloq. Salir de casa cuando, por enfermedad u otra causa, ha transcurrido mucho tiempo sin salir de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, no he encontrado en el CORDE ni en el CREA ni en la hemeroteca de la BNE ejemplos de esta segunda acepción. En el fichero general sí he encontrado una cédula que se refiere a la palabra con este significado (&lt;em&gt;1966 Moliner Dicc.&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Recibir el efecto agradable y beneficioso de salir de casa después de haber estado algún tiempo encerrado, por ejemplo estudiando, o salir de viaje o a diversiones después de haber estado algún tiempo recluido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, y dado que existe la acepción, podríamos hablar de &lt;em&gt;cabin fever&lt;/em&gt; como de la &quot;&lt;strong&gt;necesidad de desapolillarse&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-07T05:10:17.830" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T05:10:17.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23733" CreationDate="2018-01-04T08:16:58.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el CORDE, parece que el origen de la expresión es &quot;ir a decir verdad&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quando los villanos realencos quisieran pleitear, vayan al mercado ante el alcalde del rey, y oidas las partes y sus querellas, el alcalde dara termino para la probança dentro del qual el dicho alcalde o sus offiçiales mandaran çitar a todos los testigos que vayan ante el a decir verdad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Fuero reducido de Navarra&quot;, a1530 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De arte que la gracia es una como deidad y una como figura viva del mismo Cristo, que, puesta en el alma, se lanza en ella y la deifica, y, si va a decir verdad, es el alma del alma.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Luis de León, &quot;De los nombres de Cristo, libros I-III&quot;, 1583 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mismo siglo XVI ya se pueden encontrar usos de &quot;a decir verdad&quot; omitiendo el verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque (a decir verdad) yo no querría,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que vuestra señoría se corriese,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por cuanto vale toda Andalucía:&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que el no hablar con ella es interese&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que se me sigue, porque no me entiendo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con término tan grave como es ése&lt;/em&gt; [...]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vicente Espinel, &quot;Diversas rimas&quot;, 1591 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la forma correcta de interpretar ese &quot;a decir verdad&quot; es como una simplificación de expresiones como &quot;si voy a decir la verdad&quot; o &quot;si he de decir la verdad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T08:16:58.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23739" CreationDate="2018-01-04T10:01:24.920" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a dialog in &lt;em&gt;Love Actually&lt;/em&gt; that goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Harry&lt;/strong&gt;: Tell me, exactly, how long it is that you've been working here?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Sarah&lt;/strong&gt;: Two years, seven months, three days and, I suppose, what... two hours?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Harry&lt;/strong&gt;: And how long have you been in love with Karl, our enigmatic chief designer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Sarah&lt;/strong&gt;: Ahm, two years, seven months, three days and, I suppose, an hour and thirty minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the European Spanish version of the movie, Karl is mentioned to be the &quot;primer diseñador&quot;. Now, &quot;primer diseñador&quot; is indeed a good translation. If we see the definitions for both words, we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chief&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chief&lt;/a&gt; - accorded &lt;strong&gt;highest rank&lt;/strong&gt; or office.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UAztjAx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Primer&lt;/a&gt; - dicho de una persona o de una cosa: &lt;strong&gt;que precede a las demás de su especie en&lt;/strong&gt; orden, tiempo, lugar, situación, clase o &lt;strong&gt;jerarquía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What bothers me is that &lt;em&gt;chief&lt;/em&gt; is the person with &quot;the highest rank&quot;, but &lt;em&gt;primer&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;primero&lt;/em&gt;) can be the first not only in rank, but in many other things (order, time, place and so on). So a &quot;primer diseñador&quot; could be understood as the first one that was hired by the company (the first in time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what other adjectives can be used to say that someone is the first in rank in a more straightforward, unmistakable way? Maybe &quot;diseñador &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MPAoQ4z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jefe&lt;/a&gt;&quot;? &quot;Diseñador &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UBnRzW7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;principal&lt;/a&gt;&quot;? What is the adjective that is more commonly used in Spanish by companies when they want to hire a &quot;chief something&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T11:09:26.557" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T11:09:26.557" Title="Proper Spanish translation for &quot;chief&quot; in expressions like &quot;chief designer&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23738" CreationDate="2018-01-04T10:55:11.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este tipo de jerarquías, &lt;em&gt;chief&lt;/em&gt; se suele traducir como &lt;strong&gt;director&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;directora&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=director&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;director, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que dirige algo en razón de su profesión o de su cargo. El director de la empresa, de la investigación. Es directora de cine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;director, ra artístico, ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que decide la orientación artística y la programación de un teatro, de un festival, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;director, ra de escena&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que se ocupa de la dirección de todo lo relativo a la representación de una obra teatral, como la interpretación, la ambientación, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usado en el mismo sentido que en expresiones como &quot;directora artística&quot; o &quot;director de escena&quot;, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chief&lt;/strong&gt; executive officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_ejecutivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Director&lt;/strong&gt; ejecutivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_technology_officer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chief&lt;/strong&gt; technology officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_de_tecnolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Director&lt;/strong&gt; de tecnología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_commercial_officer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chief&lt;/strong&gt; commercial officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_comercial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Director&lt;/strong&gt; comercial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay versión española del artículo para &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_design_officer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chief Design Officer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que viene a ser el equivalente de &lt;em&gt;chief designer&lt;/em&gt;, pero de lo anterior se sigue que en español se le podría llamar &lt;strong&gt;director de diseño&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción un poco menos &quot;corporativa&quot; sería, como apunta Gustavson en los comentarios (y tú mismo en la pregunta, según acabo de darme cuenta), &lt;strong&gt;jefe/a de diseño&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;diseñador/a jefe&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque (sorprendentemente) las acepciones que da el DLE tienen un sentido más absoluto del que buscamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=jefe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jefe, fa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;chef&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Para el f., u. t. la forma &lt;em&gt;jefe&lt;/em&gt; en acep. 1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Superior o cabeza de una corporación, partido u oficio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que, etimológicamente hablando, es la palabra que más cerca estaría de &lt;em&gt;chief&lt;/em&gt; (ambas vienen del francés &lt;em&gt;chef&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T11:04:12.583" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T11:04:12.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23634" CreationDate="2018-01-04T11:51:39.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues si nos vamos de las minas de Riotinto en Asturias a las playas del Mar Menor en la Región de Murcia, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=paranza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paranza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Corral pequeño de cañizo que &lt;strong&gt;en las golas del mar&lt;/strong&gt; [sic] &lt;strong&gt;Menor de Cartagena, en España&lt;/strong&gt;, se dispone para coger los peces, que entran fácilmente y no pueden salir sin gran dificultad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Manga_del_Mar_Menor#Geograf%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;golas del Mar Menor&lt;/a&gt; son unos pequeños canales que permiten la entrada de agua del mar Mediterráneo a la laguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:31:42.830" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:31:42.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23746" CreationDate="2018-01-04T12:19:15.357" Score="5" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando respuestas para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23634/12637&quot;&gt;En el DLE &amp;#191;hay m&amp;#225;s casos de acepciones tan localizadas regionalmente como la 5&amp;#170; de &amp;quot;cuesco&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; me encuentro con que hay un par de barrios de Sevilla que tienen gentilicios propios registrados en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=abXU5cm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trianero, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Natural o vecino del barrio de Triana, en Sevilla, España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NlM3x7S&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;macareno, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Vecino del barrio de la Macarena, en Sevilla, España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me puse a buscar a ver si esto es algo común, que los barrios de las distintas poblaciones tuvieran gentilicios, pero veo que no. Lo más parecido que he encontrado son los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b8hAfp2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;urcitano, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Natural de Urci, antigua ciudad de la Hispania Tarraconense, hoy Chuche, barrio de Almería.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IBJ8KH7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;foncarralero, ra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Vecino de Fuencarral, antigua villa y hoy barrio de Madrid, en España.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero estos dos casos existen porque tanto Urci como Fuencarral eran poblaciones independientes antes de ser integradas como barrios en sus respectivas ciudades. Lo cual deja a los barrios de Sevilla como los aparente y discutiblemente más famosos y conocidos del país (al menos según el DLE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otros casos de gentilicios en el DLE para barrios de ciudades? En caso de que no, ¿qué han tenido de particular (desde el punto de vista del idioma) estos barrios sevillanos para lograr tener sus propios gentilicios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Aunque la pregunta está dirigida a España, ¿existen en el Diccionario de Americanismos gentilicios similares para barrios de poblaciones americanas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T09:23:42.423" Title="¿Existen otros gentilicios registrados para habitantes de determinados barrios además de &quot;trianero&quot; y &quot;macareno&quot;?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T17:59:33.750" Score="7" ViewCount="43893" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber qué término utilizar de manera correcta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En algunos blogs se debate entre &quot;di a ti mismo/a&quot; y &quot;dite a ti mismo/a&quot; pero no sé cuál sería más correcto, ni si existe alguna manera de expresarlo mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18511" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T08:55:04.557" LastActivityDate="2019-08-13T15:56:48.577" Title="¿Cuál sería el término correcto para referirse a uno/a mismo/a utilizando el verbo &quot;decir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23742" CreationDate="2018-01-04T21:21:37.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma más correcta es la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dite a ti misma·. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento indirecto puedes especificarlo o no, pero el pronombre siempre debe aparecer. Ocurre lo mismo con &quot;Me dijo a mí&quot;. Puedes decir simplemente &quot;Me dijo&quot; o &quot;dite&quot;, puedes especificar más, pero el pronombre es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aquí&lt;/a&gt; la página de la RAE donde se explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Duplicación de complementos: coaparición del clítico y el complemento tónico. En español, los pronombres átonos aparecen a&#xA;  menudo dentro de la misma oración junto con el complemento tónico al&#xA;  que se refieren: &lt;em&gt;Me dijo a mí que me callara&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Lo sabe todo&lt;/em&gt;. La&#xA;  duplicación del complemento indirecto a través del pronombre átono es&#xA;  siempre posible y, en algunos casos, obligatoria, mientras que la del&#xA;  complemento directo está sujeta a muchas más restricciones. En el&#xA;  español general culto la coaparición del pronombre átono y el&#xA;  complemento tónico responde a las pautas siguientes:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.1. &lt;strong&gt;Si el complemento tónico es también un pronombre personal, la coaparición del pronombre átono es obligatoria&lt;/strong&gt;, tanto si el&#xA;  complemento es directo como indirecto [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T21:21:37.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23742" CreationDate="2018-01-04T21:28:57.787" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su análisis de las distintas funciones del pronombre “se” (que puede hacerse extensivo a los pronombres átonos “me”, “te”, “nos”, “os”), el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=bsHtgs373D6sirfnKs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Pronombre personal de tercera persona con valor reflexivo (el sujeto realiza la acción, o la manda realizar, sobre sí mismo) o recíproco (la acción la realizan varios individuos, los unos sobre los otros). En ambos casos el pronombre &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; puede desempeñar funciones de complemento directo o indirecto: &lt;em&gt;María se peina&lt;/em&gt; (complemento directo reflexivo); &lt;em&gt;María se lava las manos&lt;/em&gt; (complemento indirecto reflexivo); &lt;em&gt;Los novios se conocieron en un viaje&lt;/em&gt; (complemento directo recíproco); &lt;em&gt;Ana y Luis se escriben cartas de amor&lt;/em&gt; (complemento indirecto recíproco). En el uso reflexivo, puede añadirse el refuerzo tónico &lt;em&gt;a sí mismo&lt;/em&gt;, siempre que sea el sujeto quien efectivamente realice la acción: &lt;em&gt;Se convenció a sí mismo de que podía ganar&lt;/em&gt;, frente a &lt;em&gt;Se convenció&lt;/em&gt; [gracias a los argumentos de otros] &lt;em&gt;de que podía ganar&lt;/em&gt;. Hay verbos que admiten el uso conjunto del &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; reflexivo en función de complemento directo y del prefijo de sentido reflexivo &lt;em&gt;auto-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podemos leer arriba, “en el uso reflexivo, &lt;strong&gt;puede añadirse&lt;/strong&gt; el refuerzo tónico &lt;em&gt;a sí mismo&lt;/em&gt;”. Esto significa que la frase “a mí/ti/nosotros/ustedes/vosotros mismos” no funciona en forma independiente, sino reforzando al pronombre átono:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Míra&lt;strong&gt;te (a ti mismo)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Observémo&lt;strong&gt;nos (a nosotros mismos)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la forma correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Di&lt;strong&gt;te (a ti mismo)&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, el verbo “decir” requiere un complemento directo, y por lo tanto debe haber uno presente para que la oración sea correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dite a ti mismo que eres el mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso particular del verbo “decir” en imperativo, la oración es estilísticamente superior con el refuerzo tónico “a ti mismo”. Esto, me parece, se debe a que los verbos de decir (excepto “preguntarse”) comúnmente llevan un complemento indirecto diferente del sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no, tal vez debamos elegir otra opción, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convéncete de que eres el mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T21:28:57.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2018-01-04T23:10:50.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my country, Bolivia, besides &quot;oh well&quot;, or &quot;whatever&quot;, &quot;ni modo&quot; can also be translated as &quot;nothing to do about it&quot;, &quot;can't help it&quot;, or &quot;anyway&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18512" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T23:10:50.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23741" CreationDate="2018-01-05T01:18:41.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En América sólo he podido encontrar el siguiente, que, claro, no es tan específico como los que anotas en tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MB5zaqv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;isleño, ña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. &lt;em&gt;R. Dom&lt;/em&gt;. Vecino del barrio de San Carlos, en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T01:18:41.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-05T18:24:37.513" Score="2" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I emailed someone a question in Spanish about whether I should change something on a form or not, and they responded with &quot;Doy seguimiento...&quot; what does that mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it mean that &quot;he will get back to me&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18517" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-01-05T18:33:28.227" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T23:28:33.227" Title="Meaning of the phrase Doy seguimiento?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23748" CreationDate="2018-01-05T18:34:47.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for your guess &quot;to get back&quot; it is correct but there is, I think, a closer expression to that in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seguimiento&lt;/em&gt; = Follow up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So he means he will &quot;follow up&quot; this matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it &quot;to follow up&quot; is to  try to find out more about it or take action about it and then get back to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &quot;I'll get back to you&quot; will be more like &quot;&lt;em&gt;Te respondo después&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Le daré una respuesta más tarde&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (I don't have time right now to reply) while &quot;&lt;em&gt;Le daré seguimiento&lt;/em&gt;&quot; implies doing some actions before replying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-01-05T18:40:27.917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T18:40:27.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23741" CreationDate="2018-01-06T11:20:34.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En América, más precisamente en México, tenemos el muy bien conocido gentilicio para denotar a los oriundos de la Ciudad de México (antiguamente Distrito Federal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8kzsYSN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chilango, ga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Méx. Natural del Distrito Federal, en México. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Méx. Perteneciente o relativo al Distrito Federal o a los chilangos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay más gentilicios que usamos aquí para barrios específicos, pero no los recoge la RAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14339" LastActivityDate="2018-01-06T11:20:34.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-06T19:21:08.560" Score="4" ViewCount="408" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this comment the other day:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... mañana vamos a ir a tirar tiempo hasta San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this must mean something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... tomorrow we're going to waste time [or fool around] until San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I'm not sure if that's the correct translation of the idiom. I get the sense it means they're not going to do anything of consequence until the San Javier event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8420" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-07T19:49:35.810" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:24:03.390" Title="Does &quot;tirar tiempo&quot; carry the connotation of &quot;waste time&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23753" CreationDate="2018-01-06T20:16:40.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;On simple words? , &lt;strong&gt;Yes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Waste of Time&lt;/strong&gt; , in Spanish: &lt;code&gt;Pérdida de Tiempo&lt;/code&gt;, it doesn't mean 100%&#xA;&lt;em&gt;killing time&lt;/em&gt; is more like the literal translation (or meaning in your case, an English speaker presumably).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fool around&lt;/strong&gt; , in Spanish: &lt;code&gt;Tontear, Hacer Hora, Matar el Rato, Pasar el Rato&lt;/code&gt; (notice: &lt;code&gt;el rato&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;hora&lt;/code&gt; in this Spanish Expressions means &lt;strong&gt;time&lt;/strong&gt; without any &lt;strong&gt;time placement&lt;/strong&gt; (future, past, present, present tense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Recommendation is to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perder el Tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you wanna say literally WASTING TIME&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasar el rato&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you wanna say FOOLING AROUND.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also ,the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... mañana vamos a ir a tirar tiempo hasta San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;doesn't have a correct syntax, it sound like an obvious bad translation or a&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;barbarian construction&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (Spanish: &lt;code&gt;un Barbarismo&lt;/code&gt;, sentence who doesn't have a correct construction but you can understand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct way to say it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...vamos a matar el tiempo en San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;go to waste time on San Javier?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an &lt;em&gt;implicit question&lt;/em&gt;, i'm not so sure if in English have that form of sentence, out of sarcasm obviously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is like a question to &lt;em&gt;throw it to everybody&lt;/em&gt;, maybe with an unpleasant/tired tone of voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...vamos a perder el tiempo yendo a San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This form is a more standard way to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;we're going to waste time in San Javier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, the future time conjugation isn't so obvious, if you want to specify future time (even the &lt;em&gt;tomorrow date&lt;/em&gt;) and an affirmation, you need to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... tomorrow we're going to waste time until San Javier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...Mañana iremos a perder el tiempo en San Javier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, this sentences would be enough to imply &lt;em&gt;the travel and the place itself&lt;/em&gt; or only &lt;em&gt;the place itself&lt;/em&gt;, like you want to say it: &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;they're not going to do anything of consequence until the San Javier event&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are too exquisite (Spanish: &lt;code&gt;Sibarita, Exquisito, Tiquismiquis&lt;/code&gt;) and really need to specify only &lt;em&gt;the travel and the place it self&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...Mañana perderemos el tiempo yendo a San Javier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Additional thoughts taken from comment&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i say &amp;quot;Yes&amp;quot; , is because &lt;code&gt;un barbarismo&lt;/code&gt; it self doesn't implies an absolute wrong answer, let me explain on this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if i say: &lt;strong&gt;we need to wait on line&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;we need to wait in line&lt;/strong&gt;;  when my context is a queue of people, the firs sentences is a &lt;code&gt;bararismo&lt;/code&gt;; is wrong but you can understand what's the message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to say this on an strict correct way, don't use &lt;code&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/code&gt; In the context of the original ask (&lt;em&gt;... going to san javier...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Recommendation is to use:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Perder el Tiempo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you wanna say literally &lt;strong&gt;WASTING TIME&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pasar el rato&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you wanna say &lt;strong&gt;FOOLING AROUND.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;About your examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the expresion &amp;quot;tirar tiempo&amp;quot; is very unusuall, let me show you from your citations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 Formas de tirar el tiempo cuando peleas por un objetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this sentences is about throwing time, however, the action itself is an event and no an expression like &lt;em&gt;wasting time&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;fool around&lt;/em&gt;, on this case, &lt;code&gt;tirar el tiempo&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent to &lt;code&gt;expending time doing other stuffs&lt;/code&gt;; the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; between &lt;code&gt;tirar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tiempo&lt;/code&gt; make time a subject of the verb &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt; giving the meaning of &lt;code&gt;wasting&lt;/code&gt;. This cases are unusual (it depends of author's desires).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dormir más de 6 horas es tirar el tiempo yo firmaría ahora mismo por poder tirar tiempo a destajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this sentences is correct, not so perfect sintax but enough to be &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;good&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (let show you where is wrong):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dormir más de 6 horas es tirar el tiempo yo firmaría ahora mismo &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; poder tirar tiempo a destajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dormir más de 6 horas es tirar el tiempo yo firmaría ahora mismo &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; poder tirar tiempo a destajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But be careful with this, the second part of the sentence (after the colon), is a &lt;code&gt;regionalismo&lt;/code&gt; (expression or verbal forms from an specific place, this case; Spain)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La guía de Greenpeace o como tirar tiempo y dinero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well constructed sentence, but , the use of &lt;code&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent to the literal meaning of &lt;code&gt;trowing time&lt;/code&gt;, this is because the expression have a satiric intention. by other hand, the &lt;code&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/code&gt; expression is used in his &lt;code&gt;malsonante&lt;/code&gt; form; like i said , the sentence have a satiric intention, also &lt;code&gt;tirar&lt;/code&gt; applies to &lt;code&gt;tiempo y dinero&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Greenpeace Guide, or how throwing money and time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear, the expression &lt;strong&gt;it self&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/code&gt; doesn't implies a &lt;code&gt;barbarismo&lt;/code&gt;, the way you use, transform it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like  &lt;code&gt;on line&lt;/code&gt; and  &lt;code&gt;in line&lt;/code&gt; , both are correct, instead, new yorkers uses &lt;code&gt;on line&lt;/code&gt; to refer a queue of people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look this poll:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/06/is-it-on-line-or-in-line/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/06/is-it-on-line-or-in-line/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18523" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:20:43.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23726" CreationDate="2018-01-07T05:46:53.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a construction and it has a consistent meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que disfutes tu viaje a Miami. | May you enjoy your trip to Miami.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the subjunctive after &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right that while a word-for-word approach works occasionally, more generally, it's best to learn how to deal with expressions that are more than one word long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-07T05:52:05.123" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T05:52:05.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23753" CreationDate="2018-01-07T20:00:45.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The existing answer is interesting -- I loved &lt;em&gt;Tiquismiquis&lt;/em&gt;!  But although the author starts out with &quot;yes,&quot; in the middle I wasn't so sure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;... mañana vamos a ir a tirar tiempo hasta San Javier&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;doesn't have a correct syntax, it sound like an obvious bad&#xA;  translation or a &quot;barbarian construction&quot; (Spanish: un Barbarismo,&#xA;  sentence who doesn't have a correct construction but you can&#xA;  understand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The correct way to say it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...vamos a matar el tiempo en San Javier&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I'm writing a partial, supporting answer to make sure it's clear that &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tirar tiempo&quot; is apparently an acceptable expression/&lt;em&gt;modismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  I wasn't familiar with it but google has shown me plenty of examples.  Here are a couple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;7 Formas de &lt;strong&gt;tirar el tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; cuando peleas por un objetivo (&lt;a href=&quot;https://tusbuenosmomentos.com/tirar-tiempo-objetivo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si dormir más de 6 horas es &lt;strong&gt;tirar el tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; yo firmaría ahora mismo por poder &lt;strong&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; a destajo. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elotrolado.net/hilo_dormir-mas-de-5-6-horas-tirar-el-tiempo_492883_s10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La guía de Greenpeace o como &lt;strong&gt;tirar tiempo&lt;/strong&gt; y dinero (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cronicaeconomica.com/la-guia-de-greenpeace-o-como-tirar-tiempo-y-dinero-98223.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Interestingly, what these three examples have in common is a slightly sarcastic tone.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if San Javier is an event, then sure, we can fill the time until the event starts, but if we're traveling to San Javier, then we'd be filling the time until we get there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T13:24:03.390" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:24:03.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23597" CreationDate="2018-01-08T08:27:48.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Christmas Special Edition Winners&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Category: Prose&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Title of &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Manco de Lepanto&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and +50 rep bounty awarded to: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23597/translation-golf-christmas-special-edition/23688#23688&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VeAqui&lt;/strong&gt; (838 letters)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Category: Rhyme&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Title of &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Naricísimo Infinito&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and +50 rep bounty awarded to: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23597/translation-golf-christmas-special-edition/23680#23680&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;walen&lt;/strong&gt; (1372 letters after bonus)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T08:53:17.107" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-08T08:27:48.380" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-08T10:04:28.310" Score="3" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this example sentence on spanishpod101 and just wanted to confirm that this is an actual idiom that is commonly used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más me gustan las milongas de aquel entonces a los nuevos tangos de hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From which I deduced the pattern &quot;más me gusta X entonces Y&quot; to mean &quot;I much prefer X to Y&quot;. I could not find any such use for &quot;entonces&quot; in the dictionary hence my doubt that this could have been an error in the note?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18533" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T10:21:46.963" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:03:58.370" Title="&quot;Más me gusta X entonces Y&quot; construction" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23760" CreationDate="2018-01-08T10:29:45.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no error in the sentence. The pattern is &quot;más me gusta X a Y&quot; (meaning, as you have deducted, &quot;I much prefer X to Y&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más me gustan X=(las milongas de aquel entonces) a Y=(los nuevos tangos de hoy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the sentence is comparing two kind of dances from two different periods of time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los nuevos tangos &lt;strong&gt;de hoy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Las milongas &lt;strong&gt;de aquel entonces&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; must not be separated from &lt;em&gt;de aquel&lt;/em&gt;, as &lt;em&gt;de aquel entonces&lt;/em&gt; is an expression that means &quot;from that (period of) time&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FivP8ug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Other similar constructions are&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En aquel entonces&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por aquel entonces&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T10:29:45.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23760" CreationDate="2018-01-08T13:03:58.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más me gustan las milongas de aquel entonces a los nuevos tangos de hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you didn't realize is that here, &lt;strong&gt;entonces&lt;/strong&gt; is a noun.  It means &quot;period [of time]&quot; but with a flavor of nostalgia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, the construction being used, &lt;strong&gt;Más me gusta X a Y&lt;/strong&gt;, is a bit unusual.  I see it as a variant of the more common construction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prefiero X a Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(which is the one I recommend you learn, as a pattern, for expressing your ideas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of examples taken from linguee.com for this construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por lo que respecta al espacio, &lt;strong&gt;prefiero&lt;/strong&gt; esta oficina &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la anterior.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero&lt;/strong&gt; la literatura contemporánea &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la clásica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:03:58.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23763" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-08T13:04:00.750" Score="0" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir &quot;Gracias a ti, podamos empezar el trabajo&quot;? Mi profesor me enseñó que necesitamos usar el subjuntivo con el &lt;em&gt;cause y effect,&lt;/em&gt; pero no sé si esta frase es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a Spanish native speaker and have to learn it as a second language at school so excuse any of my mistakes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18535" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T13:06:39.407" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:06:39.407" Title="¿Cómo usamos el subjunctivo con &quot;cause and effect&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-01-12T03:25:08.797" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23732" CreationDate="2018-01-08T13:06:23.007" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nada más leer la pregunta me ha venido a la mente la frase «se me cae la casa encima». No conozco la expresión en inglés y sus matices pero cuando uno se siente agobiado en casa por diferentes motivos se usa esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las razones para sentir que la casa se le cae a uno encima pueden ser diversas y no siempre es por haber pasado mucho tiempo encerrado en ella así que quizá no sea exactamente lo mismo pero se parece bastante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7lsKMtR#Ai7PyKI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caérsele&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien &lt;strong&gt;la casa a cuestas,&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;encima&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Hacerse insoportable la permanencia en ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:06:23.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23769" CreationDate="2018-01-08T13:24:00.967" Score="3" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a very recent question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23760/m%C3%A1s-me-gusta-x-entonces-y-construction&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;M&amp;#225;s me gusta X entonces Y&amp;quot; construction&lt;/a&gt;, a comparison with the following structure is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más me gusta X &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Y.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until now, I've only seen &quot;a&quot; used in comparisons (though it is debatable if the following is a comparison at all) with the verb &quot;preferir&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero X &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Y.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, for &quot;más&quot; / &quot;menos&quot; comparisons, &quot;que&quot; is the only preposition that applies, as far as I know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gusta más X &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; Y.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Corre menos Z &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; W.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the verb is placed in between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más me gusta X &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; Y.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Menos corre Z &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; W.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After taking a quick look at both &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the DPD article for &quot;a&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its DLE definition&lt;/a&gt;, I didn't see any examples of the usage of &quot;a&quot; as an equivalent of &quot;que&quot; in comparisons like the ones above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct to use &quot;a&quot; in place of &quot;que&quot; in comparisons with &quot;más&quot; / &quot;menos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:03:32.267" Title="Use of preposition &quot;a&quot; instead of &quot;que&quot; in &quot;más&quot; / &quot;menos&quot; comparisons" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23735" CreationDate="2018-01-08T13:46:20.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no es realista. La expresión &quot;¡Al ataque!&quot; yo diría que se usa más en combates, cuando unos cargan contra otros, y ni siquiera en esos ámbitos es realista, se usa más en obras literarias e incluso con un cierto tono desenfadado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DIOMEDES: ¡Soldados!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Movilización general.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DIOMEDES: ¡Oficial, disponga doce artesanos de mar a las órdenes de&#xA;  Aquiles! ¡Preparen la ofensiva!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OFICIAL: ¡Al ataque!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Tambores y trompetas.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DIOMEDES: ¡Que no huya ninguna!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis de Tavira, &quot;La pasión de Pentesilea&quot;, 1991 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no te creas que he encontrado muchos casos en el CREA y muchos menos en el CORDE. Por otro lado, buscando una alternativa he preguntado a un par de familiares míos que son médicos (mas no cirujanos), y me han dicho que no tienen constancia de que haya alguna frase estándar que decir en esas situaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T13:46:20.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23768" CreationDate="2018-01-08T15:18:26.593" Score="6" ViewCount="1864" Body="&lt;p&gt;De estas que estoy trasteando con el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; y me encuentro con que en la entrada del verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gustar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gustar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hay una serie de expresiones usadas en diversos países para referirse a un hombre homosexual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustarle el arroz con tunco (Honduras, El Salvador).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustarle el consomé de garrobo (El Salvador).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustarle el arroz con chancho (El Salvador).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustarle el arroz con popote (México).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gustarle las patitas de chancho (Chile).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay en estas expresiones un montón de palabras que desconozco, las voy listando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tunco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tunco&lt;/a&gt;: cerdo (aunque como adjetivo significa &quot;mutilado de algún miembro&quot;, &quot;prenda de vestir que queda corta&quot; o &quot;cosa a la que le falta algún trozo&quot; en Honduras y El Salvador).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=garrobo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Garrobo&lt;/a&gt;: tipo de reptil (y también &quot;pan alargado&quot; o &quot;arruga&quot; en El Salvador).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chancho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chancho&lt;/a&gt;: embutido de carne de cerdo (y también &quot;conjunto de ambas nalgas&quot; en Chile).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=popote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Popote&lt;/a&gt;: tubo estrecho para sorber líquidos (imagino que como la acepción 4 de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RTGhL0f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me han resultado muy coloridas todas estas expresiones (y alguna otra que he visto similar), pero no soy capaz de dar en todas ellas con la conexión entre el significado literal y el figurado. Me imagino el caso de &lt;em&gt;chancho&lt;/em&gt;, que es un juego de palabras entre el significado de &lt;em&gt;chancho&lt;/em&gt; como embutido y como &quot;culo&quot;. Pero ¿cuáles son las conexiones en los casos de &lt;em&gt;tunco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;garrobo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;popote&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;NOTA: Sí, esto deberían ser tres preguntas diferentes, pero por no ser demasiado repetitivo haciendo tres preguntas muy similares, prefiero hacer una única pregunta. Se aceptarán respuestas aunque hagan referencia a uno solo de los casos propuestos.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-12-11T14:26:32.777" LastActivityDate="2019-12-11T14:26:32.777" Title="Origen de expresiones hispanoamericanas para referirse a un hombre homosexual" Tags="&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;&lt;sexualidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23767" CreationDate="2018-01-08T15:57:13.937" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respecto al uso de &quot;chancho&quot; y &quot;tunco&quot;, en España tienes otras expresiones culinarias similares, como por ejemplo la manida &lt;em&gt;&quot;gustar más la carne que el pescado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, o una que sólo he oído por la zona de Murcia y sus pedanías: &lt;em&gt;&quot;gustar el solomillo con vena&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://crowrincon.blogspot.com.es/2006/02/alcantarilla-sabe-que-existimos.html?showComment=1142187300000#c114218730584564712&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no me la he inventado&lt;/a&gt;). Por no hablar de los numerosos eufemismos del estilo de &lt;em&gt;&quot;morcilla&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;salchicha&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;solomillo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;... usados para referirse al pene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general todas estas expresiones juegan con la idea de comer carne, donde se usa &quot;carne&quot; para referirse al miembro viril (por razones espero que obvias).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No creo equivocarme si te digo que esas expresiones americanas que usan diferentes nombres regionales de la carne de cerdo, se basan en la misma metáfora, más que en la acepción de &quot;culo&quot; (que lo tenemos tanto hombres como mujeres como el resto de opciones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a los otros usos, se ve también fácil el paralelismo entre gustar de llevarse a la boca determinados objetos de forma alargada o fálica (pan alargado, pajita para beber), y gustar de hacer lo mismo con un falo propiamente dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de las expresiones juegan incluso con ambos conceptos, como es el caso de las &quot;patitas de chancho&quot; (alargadas y hechas de carne).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T15:57:13.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23765" CreationDate="2018-01-08T16:19:39.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already expressed in the referenced question, the use of &quot;a&quot; instead of &quot;que&quot; is quite uncommon. As a native speaker I don't recognize that use as correct. Under some circumstances it can sound less weird if I imagine &quot;gusta&quot; as a replacement for &quot;prefiero&quot;, but that is quite uncommon and you have to tweak the order of the sentence to make that clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend, you stick to the normal use &quot;más/menos que&quot; which is correct and used commonly. These other forms of expressing a comparison will sound weird unless you have a very solid feeling about the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T07:54:15.623" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:54:15.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23765" CreationDate="2018-01-09T04:46:34.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have indeed heard it, although it's not very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más me gusta X a Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;em&gt;Más me gusta correr a comer.&lt;/em&gt; (I'd rather run than eat.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually heard off from people that did not have formal education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'a' is a preposition, below are some uses of it in expressions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiempo: Llámala a las once&lt;/em&gt;. (Time: Call her at eleven.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Causa: A petición del público se cierra el parque&lt;/em&gt;. (Cause: Per the publics request the park is being closed.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Precio: Venderá el carro a un dólar&lt;/em&gt;. (Price: He/She will sell the car for one dollar.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Medio: Ellos se fueron a pie&lt;/em&gt;. (Means: They traveled by foot.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Distancia: De aquí a mi barrio hay ocho kilómetros&lt;/em&gt;. (Distance: From here to my neighborhood it is 8 km.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finalidad: Vine a traer vino&lt;/em&gt;. (Purpose: I came to bring wine.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Modo: Dejarás las cosas a medias&lt;/em&gt;. (Mode: You will leave things half done.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lugar: Se movió a la izquierda&lt;/em&gt;. (Place: It moved to the left.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18540" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:00:24.910" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:00:24.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22910" CreationDate="2018-01-09T11:46:49.680" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La o exclusiva en español se puede expresar sin ambigüedades utilizando la construcción &quot;o ... o ...&quot;. Por ejemplo &quot;Un bit puede tener o un valor 1 o un valor 0&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín la conjunción &quot;aut&quot; puede expresar disyunción exclusiva e inclusive, es por eso que su uso permaneció hasta ahora en la forma &quot;o&quot;. &quot;vei&quot; por el contrario no era capaz de expresar la disyunción exclusiva y su uso se restringía completamente al uso inclusivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Rubio (1976) Introducción a la sintaxis estructural del latin II&lt;/em&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vei&lt;/strong&gt;: Puede usarse siempre que se trate de expresar senciallamente la disyunción o alternativa entre dos términos, tanto si se trata de&#xA;  términos que se excluyen como de términos semánticamente unidos y&#xA;  hasta equivalentes o indiferentes a la elección&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una buena explicación en este &lt;a href=&quot;https://minerva.usc.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10347/4895/pg_165-182_verba13.pdf?sequence=1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;texto&lt;/a&gt; de Tomás Jimenez Julia. En este texto se muestra también la evolución del significado de &quot;aut&quot;/o a lo largo de la historia del español&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:46:49.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23765" CreationDate="2018-01-09T18:34:30.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the verb/construction you use: &quot;prefiero&quot; will let you choose between &quot;a&quot; and &quot;que&quot;, but &quot;me gusta más&quot; will require &quot;que&quot; for the comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero correr a caminar. / Prefiero correr que caminar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero comer poco a saciarme. / Prefiero comer poco que saciarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Me gusta más el pan que el pastel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Wrong) &lt;em&gt;*Me gusta más el pan al pastel.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:03:32.267" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:03:32.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23748" CreationDate="2018-01-09T22:44:59.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on: if you're asking for an answer in that moment, like in a call, &quot;Doy seguimiento&quot; is like &quot;checking&quot;, if you're writing an email, then it is more like &quot;I will follow up&quot; or &quot;I will check&quot; and in that case, yes it is like &quot;I'll get back to you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18547" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T23:28:33.227" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T23:28:33.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23777" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-09T23:56:11.803" Score="5" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware of most of the basic usage of when to use ser vs estar and also that the meaning can change depending on which adjective is being used. However, there are a few instances where I am unsure as in the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este equipo &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno.          This team &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the use of &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; here as it talks about a general truth about the team, However, if i am talking about the teams performance of a particular game(let's assume it's currently ongoing) I'm no longer talking about a general truth but rather at this moment. So how would I say &quot;this team is very good(at this moment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este equipo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because &quot;estar bueno&quot; means to be tasty/attractive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ese restaurante la sopa &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy sabrosa.     The soup &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; tasty at that restaurant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly this also speaks of a general truth but what if i was talking about a particular moment? could i say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en general, la comida &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; sabrosa, pero esta noche no &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; sabrosa   generally the food &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; tasty but tonight it &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; not tasty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres hermosa.      You are beautiful.(Generally)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estás hermosa hoy. You are beautiful today.( a particular moment of a person's beauty.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what's a good situation to use a sentence with &quot;estás hermosa&quot;. For example is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estás hermosa hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a compliment or is it offensive as in, would someone think i'm saying that they look beautiful right now but is not generally beautiful or can it be both a compliment and offensive depending on how it is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la casa de Juan? &lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; la casa de la esquina. - Which house is Juan's? It's the house on the corner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is confusing &quot;Es la casa de la esquina.&quot; feels like talking about &lt;strong&gt;location&lt;/strong&gt; why was &lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santiago es hombre muerto. Santiago is a dead man.&#xA;  why was &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what about comparisons is it ok to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella está más contento que yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or is it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es más contento que yo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T13:30:34.253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:43:33.703" Title="Ser and Estar Questions" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23724" CreationDate="2018-01-10T00:30:43.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he escuchado ambos usos. Me parece que una de las formas describe el comportamiento del filtro (filtro de paso de altas frecuencias) y la otra se enfoca en la frecuencia que el filtro realiza su acción (filtro que pasa altas frecuencias). Si miramos las versiones yuxtapuestas de ambos usos obtenemos: paso-alta y pasa-alta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, en la yuxtaposición &quot;paso-bajo&quot;, ¿a qué se refiere el &quot;bajo&quot;? Si miramos el rango auditivo del ser humano, &quot;bajo&quot; corresponde a aquellos sonidos más graves de la voz humana. El bajo también tiene un carácter histórico ya que una de las áreas que causó (y sigue causando) grandes avances en la teoría y uso de filtros es la transmisión de la voz humana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si regresamos al inglés, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;low-pass filter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, es la versión corta de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;low-frequency pass filter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Al traducir esto, sería &lt;strong&gt;filtro de paso de baja frecuencia&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto separa la acción de filtro (el dejar pasar) del objeto que deja pasar. O sea un &quot;paso-baja&quot; o un &quot;paso-alta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12350" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T07:51:11.740" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T07:51:11.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23777" CreationDate="2018-01-10T01:00:50.343" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general rule, &quot;ser&quot; is used for &lt;strong&gt;permanent conditions&lt;/strong&gt; and &quot;estar&quot;, for &lt;strong&gt;temporary conditions.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) You can say: &quot;Este equipo &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; muy bueno&quot; to mean that, considering its current composition or performance, you find it is playing fine or it is in a position to play well. Please note that &quot;estar&quot; expresses in this, as well as in all other cases where it is used in contrast with &quot;ser&quot;, the speaker's impression or perception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As shown above, &quot;bueno&quot; in &quot;estar bueno&quot; does not only mean &quot;tasty&quot; or &quot;attractive&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Your sentences about the food are both fine, with &quot;ser&quot; (permanent) and with &quot;estar&quot; (temporary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &quot;Estás hermosa hoy&quot; is not necessarily offensive. It depends on how much emphasis you lay on &quot;hoy&quot;. &quot;Estás hermosa&quot; is in fact a very nice compliment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) In &quot;Es la casa de la esquina&quot;, &quot;es&quot; is correctly used for identification. Don't confuse it with location: &quot;La casa &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; en la esquina.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Although it is true that we say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; muerto&quot; (be dead), &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; hombre muerto&quot; is an idiomatic phrase meaning &quot;to be doomed to be killed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) As &quot;contento&quot; expresses a temporary state, we need &quot;estar&quot;. Be careful with the gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; más content&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; que yo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Here are a few sentences I found on the Internet with &quot;El equipo está bueno&quot; (there are more than 16,000 results for that collocation). Reference is usually made to how the team is formed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[...] esta vez el equipo &lt;strong&gt;está bueno&lt;/strong&gt;. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=lUkL_wf11s8C&amp;amp;pg=PA47&amp;amp;lpg=PA47&amp;amp;dq=%22el%20equipo%20esta%20bueno%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=BWXCZXVGH1&amp;amp;sig=rPB-A9V0hk3JgHHJCxVS5V_PcMM&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi7qo3lks3YAhWEjZAKHTJGCG8Q6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22el%20equipo%20esta%20bueno%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El equipo &lt;strong&gt;está bueno&lt;/strong&gt; pero hay que hacer bien los relevos porque siempre queda descompensado en el medio. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.planetabocajuniors.com.ar/guillermo-cambio-el-esquema/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El equipo &lt;strong&gt;está bueno&lt;/strong&gt; y obviamente me siento afortunado por formar parte del equipo de Charros. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.informador.mx/Deportes/Me-gusta-estar-en-equipos-ganadores-Roberto-Osuna-20161204-0127.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;“El equipo &lt;strong&gt;está bueno&lt;/strong&gt;. Tenemos jugadores jóvenes, veteranos estelares y buenos refuerzos. Creo que vamos a tener un buen equipo para esta temporada”, declaró el pívot de 6’11”. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elnuevodia.com/deportes/baloncesto/nota/jorgebryandiazansiosoporvolveralequiponacional-2015129/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T14:56:25.280" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T14:56:25.280" CommentCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23724" CreationDate="2018-01-10T02:46:48.097" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia (ingeniero, Argentina), es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;filtro pasa bajo/alto&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://musiki.org.ar/Filtro_pasa_bajos_(LPF)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasa bajos/altos&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T02:46:48.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1151" CreationDate="2018-01-10T07:54:45.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer can't compete with those already given, but the first thing that came to mind when I read this question was something I read a while back that mentioned &amp;quot;verdura&amp;quot; is the word used for &amp;quot;vegetable&amp;quot; in Spain and &amp;quot;vegetal&amp;quot; is used in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't find what I remembered having read so long ago, but I did come across this thread here from Span¡shD!ct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/7009/difference-between-verduras-and-vegetales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Difference between VERDURAS and VEGETALES?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It supports what I remember reading, in places, but also adds additional information.  I realize Span¡shD!ct is not the RAE, but the RAE is referred to repeatedly throughout the thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since having written the above, I’ve been wondering how best to say something like, “I like to eat vegetables.”  Should I use “vegetales” or “verduras?”  So I ran a couple of phrases through &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ngram_Viewer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google’s Ngram.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  The results were as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/utgFKkI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, in general, “comer verduras” is more common, but I wondered if that was dependent upon region, so I went to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/advanced_search&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google’s Advanced Search&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to run these same phrases through a search filtered by country and language (Spanish).  What you see below is how many more times “comer verduras” was found on web pages than “comer vegetales.”  Numbers below 1.00 indicate the reverse was true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/ajnABhh.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you really like to eat vegetables and you want to let someone know, go with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me gusta comer verduras.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/fZjpV6O.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, apart from pairing “comer” with “vegetal” or “verdura,” there appear to be other common pairings.  When word pairings are common enough, we call them &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in English.  I don’t know if the trends I saw with “vegetal” and “verdura” were common enough to be called collocations, but here is what I found (in Spanish newspapers, blogs, and the like).  Translations were either retrieved or confirmed with &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vegetal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as &lt;strong&gt;“plant”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diversidad vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (plant diversity)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;origen vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (plant or vegetable origin)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Keep in mind that, unless you’re referring to a specific plant (where “el origen de la planta” might be more appropriate), this is really how you would say “plant origin” in Spanish.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sanidad vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (plant health)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as &lt;strong&gt;“vegetable”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aceite vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable oil)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caldo vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable broth)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;If you go to Reverso, you will see that it lists “caldo de verduras” for this, but you will see examples of “caldo vegetal,” too.  Google’s Ngram also indicates that “caldo de verduras” is more common, and by a lot.  However, while scanning Spanish newspaper articles, I never saw “caldo de verduras” once, but I saw “caldo vegetal” several times in several different countries.  Plus, I saw a lot more images of products using “caldo vegetal,” but you can see versions of both below:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/hLHpg38.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other words that pair with &amp;quot;vegetal&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fuente vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable platter)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;manteca vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable butter)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;proteína vegetal&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable protein)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verdura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cajón para verdura&lt;/strong&gt; (crisper)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;verdura asada&lt;/strong&gt; (grilled vegetable)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;plato de verduras&lt;/strong&gt; (vegetable plate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vegetal, verdura, y/u hortaliza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some common phrases in English appear to just as easily be translated with either “vegetal,” “verdura,” or “hortaliza.”&lt;/strong&gt;  Below, I've listed some examples, with what appear to be the most common listed first (as indicated by Google's Ngram).  (The English is in alphabetical order.)  You will notice that in each combination listed below, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;verduras&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is more common than the other words for &amp;quot;vegetables.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;green leafy vegetable: &lt;strong&gt;verduras de hoja verde,&lt;/strong&gt; hortalizas de hoja verde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;organic vegetables: &lt;strong&gt;verduras orgánicas,&lt;/strong&gt; hortalizas orgánicas, vegetales orgánicos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;raw vegetables: &lt;strong&gt;verduras crudas,&lt;/strong&gt; vegetales crudos, hortalizas crudas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vegetable garden*: &lt;strong&gt;huerto,&lt;/strong&gt; jardín de vegetales, jardín de verduras, jardín de hortalizas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;*Google’s Ngram only showed “huerto” and to much lesser degree “jardín de hortalizas,” so I did a general Google search, filtering just for Spanish pages.  All four translations you see listed above are in order based off of that search.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vegetable juice:&lt;/strong&gt; jugo de verduras*&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;*The only phrase that surfaced in a search using Google’s Ngram.  (The others I searched for were: jugo de vegetales, zumo de verduras/vegetales, and jugo/zumo de hortalizas.)  I found it interesting that only &amp;quot;jugo de verduras&amp;quot; showed up in a Google Ngram search since I had thought &amp;quot;zumo&amp;quot; was the word for juice in Spain.  (Oddly enough, when I expanded the search to just a regular Google search I found more pages for &amp;quot;jugo de verduras&amp;quot; with a Spain and Spanish filter than for &amp;quot;zumo de verduras&amp;quot; (1.24 times as many), but when I add the &amp;quot;News&amp;quot; filter, &amp;quot;zumo de verduras&amp;quot; clearly comes out ahead.  (With this additional filter, you'll find three times as many pages containing the phrase &amp;quot;zumo de verduras.&amp;quot;)  For an example, check out this recent news article: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/yodona/2015/08/04/55bf986aca4741ba578b4588.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“10 trucos para hacer el zumo de verduras y frutas más sano.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;Such variations are likely to be found throughout the Spanish-speaking world and not just between Spain and Latin America.  The images below clearly indicate that you'll find a variety of combinations in real life.  Here are a few:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/I6ycyuZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;I didn't investigate where each of the images above came from, but I did notice that the can of V-8 — the one that says &amp;quot;jugo de verduras&amp;quot; — is Mexican.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple of more &amp;quot;mixed&amp;quot; pairings, but as with the rest in this section, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;verduras&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; seems to be more common:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vegetable seller: &lt;strong&gt;vendedor de verduras,&lt;/strong&gt; vendedor de vegetales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vegetable soup:&lt;/strong&gt; sopa de verduras*, sopa de vegetales&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;*Much more common according to Google’s Ngram.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don’t have a set phrase in English for this last set of images I’ll show you (basically they are newer versions of the triangular-shaped guide known as the &amp;quot;food pyramid&amp;quot;), but clearly, you will find all sorts of places where “verduras” is used instead of “vegetales” and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/U5la0BA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sample sentences quiz style&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, I’ll just close with a few sentence examples with the three words I’ve focused on in this answer — vegetal, verdura, hortaliza.  Inevitably, you will encounter many more as you continue your study of Spanish.  The ones I’ve included below can show you how interchangeable some of them can be.  They come from real Spanish newspapers or blogs and to make it even more of a challenge, I’ve blanked the word out so you can guess which word was used.  (To get the answer, either visit the link or see the answer key below.)  Translations are either my own or my own with a little help from Reverso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hint #1:&lt;/strong&gt; Each word — &lt;strong&gt;vegetal, verdura, hortaliza&lt;/strong&gt; — is used at least twice.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Hint #2:&lt;/strong&gt; Pay attention to &lt;strong&gt;gender clues.&lt;/strong&gt;  I didn't strip them all out and what remains may help you narrow it down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: &amp;quot;La col o repollo, __________________ crucífera, es un/a __________________ verde, fresco y de estación, rico en vitaminas y minerales&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The &amp;quot;col&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;repollo,&amp;quot; a cruciferous vegetable, is a green vegetable, fresh and seasonal, rich in vitamins and minerals.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Omp7YJZWXxQJ:www.cubahora.cu/blogs/cocina-de-cuba/recetas-saludables-con-col+&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ct=clnk&amp;amp;gl=us&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Recetas saludables con col&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;CUBAHORA&lt;/em&gt;, Cuba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2:&amp;quot;El/la __________________, cuyo nombre es Victoria cruziana, …&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The vegetable, whose name is Victoria cruziana, …&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/2018/01/08/nota/6557295/reaparece-exotica-planta-acuatica-que-estaba-punto-extinguirse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Reaparece exótica planta acuática que estaba a punto de extinguirse en Paraguay&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;El Universo&lt;/em&gt;, Ecuador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3:&amp;quot;El calabacín es un/a __________________ de verano&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Zucchini is a summer vegetable.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://elmirondesoria.es/provincia/comarca-de-tierras-altas/un-calabacin-de-record-en-vizmanos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Un calabacín de récord, en Vízmanos&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;El Mirón de Soria&lt;/em&gt;, España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4:&amp;quot;La Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición recomienda comer 600 gramos de __________________ y fruta por persona y día, …&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The Spanish Food Safety Agency recommends eating 600 grams of vegetebles and fruits per person and day.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/09/26/buenavida/1506437764_643433.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Un truco para comer verdura cada día sin casi darse cuenta&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt;, España&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5: &amp;quot;La remolacha es un/a __________________ que contiene múltiples vitaminas y minerales súper beneficiosos para la salud&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The beet is a vegetable that contains multiple vitamins and minerals super benefical for health.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://elmirondesoria.es/provincia/comarca-de-tierras-altas/un-calabacin-de-record-en-vizmanos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Con remolacha: tres deliciosas recetas &amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;Hoy Digital&lt;/em&gt;, República Dominicana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6: &amp;quot;La zanahoria es un/a __________________ que contiene cualidades benéficas, tanto en la salud como en la estética&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The carrot is a vegetable that contains benefical qualities, both in health and in aesthetics.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.listindiario.com/la-vida/2018/01/12/498352/reinado-gourmet-de-la-zanahoria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Reinado gourmet de la zanahoria &amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;Listín Diario&lt;/em&gt;, República Dominicana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7: &amp;quot;Venezuela y Turquía cooperaran en el ámbito de producción __________________ y animal …&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Venezuela and Turkey to cooperate in the field of animal and vegetable production ….&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://elsiglo.com.ve/2018/01/03/venezuela-turquia-produccion-vegetal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Venezuela y Turquía intercambiaran conocimientos de producción vegetal y animal&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;El Siglo&lt;/em&gt;, Venezuela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/IvKrBiT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you’re not thoroughly confused yet about which one of these words for vegetable to use, I’ll leave you with this one last example here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://as.com/epik/2018/01/01/portada/1514825773_412638.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El gran debate de OT: ¿el aguacate es fruta, verdura, vegetal u hortaliza?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T20:48:10.400" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23806" CreationDate="2018-01-10T10:52:33.770" Score="5" ViewCount="346" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.redd.it/bktbhesor1901.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this map&lt;/a&gt; linked by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/europe/comments/7pdo35/the_influence_of_france_is_strong/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this r/europe post&lt;/a&gt;, it is claimed that Spanish &lt;em&gt;hormigón&lt;/em&gt; might be derived either &lt;em&gt;«from Latin&lt;/em&gt; formicare &lt;em&gt;(mold), or perhaps from Spanish&lt;/em&gt; hormigo &lt;em&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; (gruel, though also a kind of cake).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the DLE definition only mentions the Spanish origin, nothing about Latin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KeqZ0FM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hormigón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;hormigo&lt;/em&gt; 'gachas de harina'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Material que resulta de la mezcla de agua, arena, grava y cemento o cal, y que, al fraguar, adquiere más resistencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KeqHrCZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hormigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; itself is listed as derived from Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Kelws9T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hormiga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which is in turn derived from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/formica#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formīca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; which means &quot;ant&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: &lt;strong&gt;how did the RAE come up with the current origin? Why did they dismiss the possible Latin root?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Or is the above map just wrong in its claim?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T16:46:30.753" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:13:57.870" Title="How was the etymology of &quot;hormigón&quot; established?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23777" CreationDate="2018-01-10T11:19:20.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well there are too many questions in one. I'll try to answer but this is going to be long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) You're absolutely right here. However, as others say, &quot;está bueno&quot; is correct in some places. In Spain, however, we'd rather say &quot;está bien&quot;. I mean, we use &quot;ser bueno&quot; and &quot;estar bien&quot;. The combination of both sounds bad to us, but check that other Spanish speaking countries work differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) You're also right here. You can perfectly say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En este restaurante la sopa &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; muy buena, pero hoy no &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; tan buena&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;la sopa suele estar buena, pero hoy no lo está&quot;. &#xA;  Or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Good point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estás hermosa hoy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is actually a &lt;strong&gt;usual&lt;/strong&gt; compliment. It is understood as a compliment because, altough you are right that you can understand &quot;now you are wonderful but that's not general&quot;, people rather understand &quot;you are usually good/very good, but this time it is even more&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone understood the first proposal, it would be funny. In fact I think it's a typical &quot;gag&quot;, when everything the man says is intentionally seen that way in order to make him think he's talking fail by fail. So unless the woman wants you to screw it up, it's always a compliment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the other answer points out, it always depend on the intonation and the emphasis, as always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) This is a nice question. I udnerstand your confusion. When you say &quot;estar is for location&quot;, it doesn't mean that &quot;you use estar whenever there is a location in the sentence&quot;. I'll try to make it clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, you use SER for things that DEFINE you (the word &quot;essence&quot; has the same root). On the other hand, &quot;estar&quot; is used for &quot;states&quot;. Estar↔states. Thigns that describe your state/how you are right now, but is not part of your essence. And then also for locations, but let's go by parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &lt;code&gt;la casa de Juan es la de la esquina&lt;/code&gt;, you can say &lt;code&gt;la casa de juan es esa&lt;/code&gt;. (Juan's house is that one). You're matching the concept with the real object). You could say &quot;La casa de Juan es amarilla&quot;, and it is the same, you're describing its essence. The only change is that you're not talking about the color atribute but is &quot;coordinates in the spatial world&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be very different if you said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa de Juan está ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La casa de Juan está lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sum, you use &quot;estar&quot; with a place.   &lt;code&gt;Está+where&lt;/code&gt;. But you use ser when you want to match two Nouns, two concepts &lt;code&gt;Juan's house ↔ That one&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the other answer says, it is identification vs. adding information about where it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) It is an idiom. You never say &lt;code&gt;*él es muerto&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;code&gt;él está muerto&lt;/code&gt;. The phrase &quot;ser hombre muerto&quot; is not separable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) This word is always problematic. Both &quot;contento&quot; and &quot;feliz&quot; are translated as &quot;Happy&quot;, but &quot;contento&quot; is neccesarily a (temporary) feeling, while &quot;feliz&quot; can be both a feeling or a way of life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you just can't &quot;ser contento&quot;. Your sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella está más contenta que yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check that the adjective must be feminine, in agreement with the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with the word &quot;feliz&quot; you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella está más feliz que yo = Ella está más contenta que yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is asolutely equivalent, it means she feels happier right now, or these days, or whatever, but ut is a state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella es más feliz que yo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means a different thing. You're using ser, and that means you're defining her. That means &quot;She has a happier life than mine&quot;, or &quot;She is a happier person than me&quot; (that's how she is, as a person, her attitude...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I hope this is clearer for you now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T11:19:20.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22638" CreationDate="2018-01-10T12:02:22.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Mayans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gregorio Mayans i Siscar&lt;/a&gt; fue, según Wikipedia, &lt;em&gt;«un erudito, jurista, historiador, lingüista y polígrafo español; el mayor representante, junto a Benito Feijoo, de la primera Ilustración española»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1770 escribía, como parte de sus comentarios a una traducción de las &lt;em&gt;Epístolas&lt;/em&gt; de Cicerón hecha por Pedro Simón, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ZwqCn_ruHR4C&amp;amp;dq=gonzalo%20correas&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PR37#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gonzalo%20correas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; (énfasis mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas a la poquedad de los precetos neceſſarios añadiò la ſingularidad del artificio, con que facilitò mucho la enſeñanza de la Lengua Latina : i huviera logrado la eſtimacion que merecía , ſi ſe huviera abſtenido de apartarſe del comun modo de hablar de los Gramaticos , variando ( aunque ingenioſamente ) la orden de las Declinaciones , i Conjugaciones : &lt;strong&gt;por lo qual le tuvieron por ridiculo , i ſus Gramaticas , Caſtellana , Latina , i Griega , comprehendidas en ſu &lt;em&gt;Trilingue&lt;/em&gt; , se conſumieron en las eſpecierias&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo anterior no obstante, D. Gregorio tenía en estima el trabajo de Gonzalo Correas, y de hecho recomendaba a sus discípulos su estudio, como puede leerse en &lt;em&gt;Escritores del Reyno de Valencia&lt;/em&gt;, tomo segundo (1748):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Valencia en la Imprenta del Autor 1728, en 8. Seguía Bordazar la Ortografia mas comun , y corriente ; pero &lt;strong&gt;obſervando que D. Gregorio Mayans y Siſcàr ſe apartava de ella en muchas coſas , le preguntò las razones que tenia para ello&lt;/strong&gt; ; y aviendolas oido , eſcriviò en pocos dias una Ortografia totalmente conforme à la idea que avia oido , y la preſentò à ſu amigo ; &lt;strong&gt;el qual&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque alabò la facilidad conque avia comprehendido , y explicado ſu Siſtema ortografico , viò que ſe avia eſtendido demaſiadamente en 51. hojas en fol, y que para ſu mayor iluſtracion podia añadirſe algo , y &lt;strong&gt;le aconſejò que abreviaſſe ſu Obra , examinando antes la doctrina de Matheo Aleman , y de Gonzalo Correas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambos textos dan a entender que &lt;strong&gt;las propuestas de Correas, si bien apreciadas por algunos, fueron en general ridiculizadas por sus contemporáneos y no tuvieron mayor impacto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual no quita para que Gonzalo Correas fuese estimado por sus otras obras y traducciones. Por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=awABAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=gonzalo%20correas&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA572#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=gonzalo%20correas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Francisco de Quevedo lo usó como fuente&lt;/a&gt; a la hora de traducir &lt;em&gt;Epicteto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T12:23:42.330" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T12:23:42.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23783" CreationDate="2018-01-10T16:44:16.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etimologías de Chile apunta en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?hormigo.n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología de &lt;code&gt;hormigón&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que el origen de esta palabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ha intentado explicarse a través de &lt;strong&gt;dos posiciones inconciliables&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera sería a través de la familia léxica de &quot;forma&quot; y la otra a través de &quot;hormiga&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia también recoge que hormigón viene&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;del latín formicō, «moldeado, conformado»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no aporta cita para apoyarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimologías de Chile aporta en la entrada anteriormente citada que la propuesta de &quot;hormiga&quot; es la recogida por el DRAE, sugiriendo, como indicas, que &lt;code&gt;hormigón&lt;/code&gt; llegó desde &lt;code&gt;hormiga&lt;/code&gt; a través de &quot;hormigo&quot; porque en los plurales de esta palabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;designa preparados que pueden conectarse semánticamente entre sí por tratarse de mezclas de fluidos y sólidos menudos [...] especialmente si alguno de estos se destaca entre los restantes por un mayor tamaño de los granos o partículas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación que da tras esta definición es que los granos de esta mezcla (el hormigón) recordarían a hormigas (!), lo que explica la relación con dicha palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada de Etimologías de Chile recoge una opinión personal de alguien que dice que ese &quot;doble origen&quot; puede reconciliarse en uno solo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder a la pregunta, parece que la RAE no ignoró el origen latino, pero ese &lt;code&gt;De hormigo 'gachas de harina'.&lt;/code&gt;  conduce a error ya que &quot;hormigo&quot; es una &quot;mezcla de fluidos y sólidos menudos&quot;, que también son las gachas. Supongo que la entrada debería decir &lt;code&gt;De hormigo 'mezcla de fluidos y sólidos menudos'.&lt;/code&gt; y es esa &quot;aclaración&quot; de la etimología lo que está mal explicado. El mapa que planteas no parece ser incorrecto, lo he contrastado con otras fuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:08:14.067" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:08:14.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23788" CreationDate="2018-01-10T18:53:01.733" Score="6" ViewCount="7983" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos para otras partes del cuerpo, la terminación &quot;ón&quot; sirve para dar la idea de que algo es grande:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cabeza -&gt; cabezón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nariz -&gt; narizón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pierna -&gt; piernón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oreja -&gt; orejón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boca -&gt; bocón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna terminación que indique que el pie es grande? En Colombia he escuchado &quot;patón&quot; por el uso coloquial de &quot;pata&quot; como pie, pero quisiera saber si existe una forma con la palabra &quot;pie&quot; directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:25:15.070" Title="¿Cómo se le dice a alguien que tiene los pies grandes?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23787" CreationDate="2018-01-10T19:05:11.777" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usando el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/?q=pies%20grandes&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dirae&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SC8ktVo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;patudo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que tiene grandes patas o &lt;strong&gt;pies&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es de extrañar, ya que el sufijo &quot;-udo, -uda&quot; es un sufijo aumentativo que indica &quot;exceso o abundancia, normalmente de alguna parte del cuerpo&quot;. Sin embargo, la entrada del DIRAE proporciona otro término menos familiar, usado en Nicaragua, como es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dxM1Q0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;caitudo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Nic. Dicho de una persona: Que tiene los &lt;strong&gt;pies grandes&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que este viene a su vez de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dvyE3F&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;caite&lt;/a&gt; que el algunos países sudamericanos designa a una sandalia o tipo de calzado, y que &lt;code&gt;caitudo&lt;/code&gt; es como decir &quot;zapatilludo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a tu pregunta, no parece existir palabras que combinen &quot;pie&quot; con alguno de estos sufijos &quot;-on/-udo&quot; como &quot;&lt;em&gt;piezudo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;piezón&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. A pesar de no existir, es bastante probable que se te entendiese correctamente si dijeses que alguien es &quot;piezón&quot; o &quot;piezudo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T19:52:40.937" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T19:52:40.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23790" CreationDate="2018-01-10T21:01:03.627" Score="5" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm listening to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://tealabamos.com/moises-y-el-mar-rojo/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Christian children's song&lt;/a&gt; that has the following lyrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A que nadie sabe cómo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Moisés atravesó el mar Rojo [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Lo nadó? (no, no)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Navegó? (no, no)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Patinó? (no, no)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Cómo lo atravesó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't figure out how to translate &quot;a que nadie&quot; in the first line.  Does it mean &quot;Does anyone...?&quot;  Or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T21:34:54.193" Title="What does &quot;a que nadie&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23789" CreationDate="2018-01-10T21:15:19.507" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means sort of &quot;Does anyone...?&quot;, but the connotation is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[I bet/I'm sure that] no one knows ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;A que nadie (XYZ)&quot; is some sort of &quot;challenge question&quot;, as opposed to a statement, in which you imply your certainty that no one has (done) XYZ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A que nadie tiene más puntos que Charlie aquí &lt;sub&gt; (I bet/I'm sure that) No one here has more rep points than Charlie&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A que nadie sabe la solución a este acertijo &lt;sub&gt; (I bet/I'm sure that) No &#xA;one know the answer to this riddle&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A que nadie sabe cómo Moisés atravesó el mar Rojo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm sure that no one here can tell me how Mosses parted the Red Sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression is a shortening of &quot;Apuesto a que [esto sucede]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Apuesto) A que nadie XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which conveys certainty of an outcome or situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T21:34:54.193" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T21:34:54.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23791" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-10T22:18:49.290" Score="3" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para traducir esta frase al español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We hold these traditions close to our heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas preposiciones usar: &quot;al&quot; o &quot;del&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;cerca del corazón&quot; and &quot;cerca al corazón&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T07:08:49.973" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T08:11:42.420" Title="What is the difference between &quot;cerca del corazón&quot; and &quot;cerca al corazón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23803" CreationDate="2018-01-11T04:49:35.250" Score="3" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es «le imitó» un ejemplo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«leísmo»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came across the phrase &quot;He imitated him,&quot; in English and wondered how best to say it in Spanish.  Initially, I thought&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Lo imitó»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be best, but wanted to be sure.  When I discovered that Google's Ngram showed a fair number of &quot;Le imitó,&quot; as you can see in the image below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/iZcXCul.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it left me with questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If I am trying to say, &quot;He imitated him,&quot; must I use «Le imitó», or only if I am in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do Spaniards use both «Lo imitó» and «Le imitó» to mean &quot;He imitated  him?&quot; or is the one (the former) used strictly to mean &quot;He imitated it,&quot; and the other (the latter) to mean &quot;He imitated him?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will I find the use of «Le imitó» any place other than Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me encontré la frase &quot;He imitated him,&quot; y me preguntaba qué sería la mejor manera de decirla en español.  Inicialmente, pensé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«Lo imitó»&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sería mejor, pero quería estar segura.  Cuando descubrí que Google Ngram mostró un número considerable de «Le imitó», (véanse arriba en la sección inglesa) me dejó con preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si estoy tratando de decir &quot;He imitated him,&quot; ¿debo usar «Le imitó», o sólo si estoy en España?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Los españoles usan tanto «Lo imitó» como «Le imitó» para significar &quot;He imitated him?&quot; o es la una (la primera frase) sólo para significar &quot;He imitated it,&quot; y la otra (la segunda frase) sólo para significar &quot;He imitated him?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Voy a encontrar el uso de «Le imitó» en lugares aparte de España?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T21:46:14.797" Title="Is «le imitó» an example of «leísmo» and is it only considered correct usage in Spain?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23793" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23796" CreationDate="2018-01-11T04:58:26.063" Score="6" ViewCount="1540" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following dialogue. (What it actually describes is not of importance.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“It’s far away.”&lt;br/&gt;“But how far?”&lt;br/&gt;“Too far.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to translate the middle question so that the use of &lt;em&gt;lejos&lt;/em&gt; is mirrored throughout:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Está lejos.&lt;br/&gt;—&lt;strong&gt;???&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;—Demasiado lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only interrogative I can surmise for use with &lt;em&gt;lejos&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt;, but even that seems sketchy. I know that I could use «Pero ¿a qué distancia?», but this flow does not feel natural, because (1) it introduces a different phrase than the prior speaker used and (2) the speaker might be interpreted as asking for a precise measurement (e.g., «Está a veintiséis kilómetros de aquí») when the question might actually be rhetorical in nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is appropriate? Am I misunderstanding some subtle nuance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit: Context:&lt;/strong&gt; I’m an international student living in the United States. I speak or have repeatedly spoken with people from a broad range of dialects, including (in no specific order) Puerto Rico, Mexico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Brazil, Argentina, Spain and native Estadounidense. I came upon this question as a hypothetical. (I like to try to translate what I say, read or hear in everyday life as a way to ensure I build an ample vocabulary.) The answers already given reflect this, but if there are differences across regions or media, I would like to know. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T13:46:52.193" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:09:15.673" Title="Translate “But how far?” so that the dialogue flows naturally" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23791" CreationDate="2018-01-11T07:58:02.107" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;em&gt;cerca al corazón&lt;/em&gt; is wrong in Spanish. It means nothing. You don't use the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; with this kind of adverbs in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have some adverbs that indicate position (locative adverbs) and can be used alone or with a reference. Examples are &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lejos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;debajo&lt;/em&gt;... If we use them without a reference, it is implicit. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está cerca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shop is near. Near what? This is implicit; depending on the context, it may be near us, or near some other place we are talking about. In English, if you want to use a reference, you would use different propositions (or none), depending on the adverb (or adverbial phrase):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shop is near. --&amp;gt; The shop is near the fountain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shop is close. --&amp;gt; The shoe is close &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; the fountain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shop is far. --&amp;gt; The shop is far &lt;em&gt;from&lt;/em&gt; the fountain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The green book is on top. --&amp;gt; The green book is on top &lt;em&gt;of&lt;/em&gt; the pile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the preposition to indicate space relation is &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, and this is the one we use with location adverbs if we want to set a reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está cerca. --&amp;gt; La tienda está cerca &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; la fuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está lejos. --&amp;gt; La tienda está lejos &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; la fuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El libro verde está encima. --&amp;gt; El libro verde está encima &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; la pila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, the only possibility is &lt;em&gt;Tenemos estas tradiciones cerca del corazón&lt;/em&gt;. Whenever you want to set a reference for a locative adverb or adverbial phrase in Spanish, use the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T07:58:02.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23791" CreationDate="2018-01-11T07:58:32.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si consultamos el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;, obtenemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=cerca&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cerca&lt;/strong&gt;. 1. Adverbio que significa ‘en lugar o tiempo próximos’. Normalmente se construye seguido de un complemento con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; que expresa el término de referencia: &lt;em&gt;«Había pasado la infancia en un pueblo cerca de Málaga»&lt;/em&gt; (Pitol &lt;em&gt;Juegos&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1982]); &lt;em&gt;«Estamos cerca del final»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nación&lt;/em&gt; [C. Rica] 13.2.97). &lt;strong&gt;No debe usarse, en estos casos, la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: ⊗&lt;em&gt;«Custodiaban un coche cargado de explosivos cerca a una de las pistas»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Abc&lt;/em&gt; [Esp.] 23.8.89).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el adverbio &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; va seguido siempre de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, y nunca de &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: ten en cuenta que las preposiciones son &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt;, que resultan de las contracciones &lt;em&gt;a + el&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;de + el&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T08:11:42.420" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T08:11:42.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:07:09.310" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we can use two different constructions when we want someone to be more precise. They are pretty much equivalent, usage depends on the area. In Spain we normally use &lt;em&gt;cómo de&lt;/em&gt;, while in most American countries they use &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Pero cómo de lejos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Pero qué tan lejos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depending on the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few more examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Este libro es muy caro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Pero cómo de caro? / ¿Pero qué tan caro?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La casa es muy grande.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Pero cómo de grande? / ¿Pero qué tan grande?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El hombre era viejo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Pero cómo de viejo? / ¿Pero qué tan viejo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T04:15:48.843" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T04:15:48.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23797" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23802" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:07:34.057" Score="4" ViewCount="1621" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduce &amp;quot;on fleek&amp;quot; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Social media, for various reasons, has given rise to lots of different slang words and expressions.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;One that still continues to elude me when trying to explain these to native Spanish speakers is &amp;quot;on fleek&amp;quot;. If profanity doesn't bother you, you can check out some of the definitions for it over at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Dictionary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Fleek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;says&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An annoying term used by annoying teenagers (see middleschoolers) meant to be &amp;quot;on point&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But something more useful might be the following article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/dictionary/geeking-out-on-fleek/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geeking Out On &amp;quot;Fleek&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also ran this through &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.powerthesaurus.org/on_fleek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Power Thesaurus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which gave me &amp;quot;classy&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;con clase&lt;/em&gt;), &amp;quot;gorgeous&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;espléndido&lt;/em&gt;), and &amp;quot;on trend&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;a la moda&lt;/em&gt;?). I suppose, in a pinch, I could use one of those, but I was wondering if the hip Spanish speakers of today might be using something that captures the &lt;em&gt;bon mot&lt;/em&gt;, portmanteau* quality of this neologism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*This may be an urban myth, but a while back I read that the word &amp;quot;fleek&amp;quot; was a portmanteau of &amp;quot;flawless&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;unique.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las redes sociales, por diversas razones, han dado lugar a un montón de jerga.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;La traducción que continúa eludiéndome cuando trato de explicar estas palabras a hablantes nativos de español, es &amp;quot;on fleek&amp;quot;. Si la profanidad no te molesta, puedes mirar algunas de las definiciones para esta palabra en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Dictionary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Fleek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;on fleek&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero algo más útil puede ser el artículo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/dictionary/geeking-out-on-fleek/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geeking Out On &amp;quot;Fleek&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También busqué esta frase en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.powerthesaurus.org/on_fleek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Power Thesaurus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que me dio &amp;quot;classy&amp;quot; (con clase), &amp;quot;gorgeous&amp;quot; (espléndido), y &amp;quot;on trend&amp;quot; (¿a la moda?). Supongo que, si no hubiera otro remedio, podría usar una de esas traducciones, pero me preguntaba si los muy ondas hispanohablantes de hoy podrían estar usando algo que capture los atributos de burla y palabra compuesta* de este neologismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Lo que voy a escribir aquí podría ser un mito urbano, pero hace tiempo, leí que la palabra &amp;quot;fleek&amp;quot; es una palabra compuesta de &amp;quot;flawless&amp;quot; (sin defecto) y &amp;quot;unique&amp;quot; (singular).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, gracias de antemano por las sugerencias que puedas proveer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T04:08:48.600" Title="How is &quot;on fleek&quot; translated into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:09:25.017" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NOTE: This answer is biased towards the European Spanish.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you can say indeed &lt;em&gt;¿cuán lejos está?&lt;/em&gt;, but it sounds very outdated. So here you have a couple of possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just use the non-contracted form &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BSMOJmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuánto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but without the adjective, as it is implicit from the previous sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Está lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Pero cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the form &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xX6XpW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Está lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Cómo de lejos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About this last option, the DLE says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cómo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. interrog. Pregunta sobre la cantidad o el grado cuando modifica a adjetivos o adverbios precedidos de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Me pregunto cómo de interesante resultaría la reunión. ¿Cómo quieres el bocadillo de grande?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T09:35:05.623" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:35:05.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23792" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:23:12.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando es complemento directo, lo correcto es LO, sin embargo se acepta LE solamente cuando el referente es masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Has visto a &lt;strong&gt;Juan&lt;/strong&gt;? Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer. / Sí, &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Has visto a &lt;strong&gt;Juan y a los niños&lt;/strong&gt;? Sí, &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; he visto en el parque.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Compré la medicina y se &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; di sin que nadie me viera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Has recogido a &lt;strong&gt;las niñas&lt;/strong&gt;? Sí, &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; recogí antes de ir al taller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el complemento es indirecto, siempre se usa LE, independiente del género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; pedí disculpas a mi &lt;strong&gt;madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; dije a su &lt;strong&gt;hermana&lt;/strong&gt; que viniera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; di un regalo a los &lt;strong&gt;niños&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más información aquí: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;RAE&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T08:23:12.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:49:18.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero, ¿cuán lejos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No necesita mucha explicación: &lt;strong&gt;cuán&lt;/strong&gt; es un diminutivo de &lt;strong&gt;cuánto&lt;/strong&gt; y, si bien está algo en desuso en España, sí se usa mucho en el resto de los países hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastEditorUserId="15319" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T10:09:15.673" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:09:15.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:25:27.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Está lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pero ¿lejos, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Demasiado lejos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you know, &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt; is shortened to &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; when it is followed by an adjective or adverb, but nothing stops you from placing it &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; said adjective, especially in such short questions like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general structure is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Algo es X.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿X, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —{Mucho ~ Poco ~ Muy ~ Bastante ~ Demasiado ~ ...} X.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, alternatively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Algo es X.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿X, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —[Specific quantity].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not a common structure (to the point that I couldn't find any examples in CORDE nor CREA, nor a quick Google Search), but I've used it, and heard it being used, several times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Está lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Lejos, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Suficientemente lejos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Es caro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pero ¿caro, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —300 000 euros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Es un tipo fuerte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Fuerte, cuánto?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Fuerte como para levantar un coche a pulso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:25:27.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23797" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:32:23.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que una expresión &quot;moderna&quot; que te puede servir, atendiendo a las primeras traducciones que aparecen en tu enlace, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSNBuG#7TiJ2tv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;al pelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. A punto, con toda exactitud, a medida del deseo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando un ejemplo parecido al de UrbanDictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡Hoy llevo las uñas al pelo!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Uf, ¿a quién le importa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al aspecto de &lt;em&gt;portmanteau&lt;/em&gt; que comentas, si no te importa usar palabras inventadas que no aparecen en el diccionario (como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;fleek&lt;/em&gt;, de hecho, aunque &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/fleek-meaning-and-history&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se están planteando incluirla&lt;/a&gt;), podrías probar con &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariolibre.com/hashtag/fantabuloso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;estupentástico&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;fantabulosa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y similares&lt;/a&gt;, aunque el sentido no sea exactamente el mismo. ¿Tal vez &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=perfect%C3%A1stica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perfectástica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T12:04:05.863" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T12:04:05.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23792" CreationDate="2018-01-11T12:02:17.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estás en lo cierto en la mayoría de casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto lo más correcto (al menos para mí) será siempre decir &lt;code&gt;&quot;lo imitó&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, porque es complemento directo. Sería diferente si fuera complemento indirecto, por ejemplo en &lt;code&gt;&quot;le imitó esa forma de hablar tan graciosa y estaba detrás&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante la RAE acepta el uso de &quot;le&quot; en estos casos, es decir, que puedes utilizar &quot;le&quot; en lugar de &quot;lo&quot; (sólo cuando es persona, y masculino). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto esto se aceptó porque es ya misión imposible luchar contra corriente. Tristemente la mayoría de gente piensa que &quot;le&quot; es para personas y &quot;lo&quot; es para objetos, independientemente de si es CD o CI. Sin embargo esto es &quot;normal&quot; si se habla sin analizar por qué las cosas son así, ya que en la mayoría de oraciones el CD es un objeto y el CI una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, respondiendo a tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Puedes usar ambas, pero es mejor usar &quot;lo&quot;. En España también (de hecho, te invito a que uses &quot;lo&quot; para &quot;acostumbrar&quot; a la gente jeje), pero por poder, puedes usar ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Creo que has puesto lo mismo en ambas. En cualquier caso, las dos significan lo mismo porque ahora se acepta &quot;le&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Por el motivo expuesto antes, es probable que el leísmo se extienda. Sin embargo, en la mayor parte de hispanoamérica el leísmo no está extendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T21:46:14.797" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T21:46:14.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2018-01-11T12:33:51.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you do not want a precise measurement question, and also you have already said that &quot;cuan&quot; is sketchy. Maybe the rhetoric &quot;muy lejos&quot; o &quot;que tan lejos&quot; might be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Está lejos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Muy lejos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Demasiado lejos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Está lejos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Qué tan lejos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Demasiado lejos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T12:33:51.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18844" CreationDate="2018-01-11T13:49:42.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo siguiente es una conjetura, como casi todo lo relacionado con las normas gramaticales pre-RAE.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1559, en su &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/obref/fortuna/expo/lengua/lengu0112.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua vulgar de España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Bartolomé Gravio escribía lo siguiente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=5cxMAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=gramatica%20espa%C3%B1ola&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PP35#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z2sbc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z2sbc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el segundo y tercer caso no decimos &quot;de el&quot;, ni &quot;a el&quot;, como veis; por causa, que no está puesto en uso, porque (como yo pienso) sonaría muy mal; y así decimos &quot;del&quot;, &quot;al&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí noto varias cosas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que diferencia las formas en base a los casos latinos: &quot;el&quot; para nominativo y acusativo, &quot;del&quot; para genitivo y ablativo, y &quot;al&quot; para dativo;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que usa las mismas formas para el plural: &quot;delós&quot;, &quot;alós&quot;; y también para el femenino y el neutro: &quot;delá&quot;, &quot;alá&quot;, &quot;delas&quot;, &quot;alas&quot;, &quot;delo&quot;, &quot;alo&quot; (no salen en la imagen, pero se pueden ver en la fuente);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que todas las formas las escribe juntas, como una sola palabra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último aspecto, escribir &quot;delós&quot;, &quot;alo&quot; y demás, lo he encontrado en otros libros de la época. Es como si para estos autores, &quot;del&quot;, &quot;delos&quot;, etc. no fuesen contracciones, sino palabras de pleno derecho: simplemente, el artículo en nominativo es &quot;el&quot;, &quot;la&quot;, &quot;lo&quot; y en genitivo es &quot;del&quot;, &quot;dela&quot;, &quot;delo&quot;, como si los artículos tuviesen declinaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes que Gravio, decía también Nebrija en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000174208&amp;amp;page=27&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capítulo VII del libro segundo&lt;/a&gt; de su &lt;em&gt;Gramática castellana&lt;/em&gt; (transcripción modernizada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acontece muchas veces, que cuando alguna palabra acaba en vocal y si le sigue otra que comienza lo mismo en vocal, echamos fuera la primera de ellas (...) A esta figura los griegos llaman sinalefa. Los latinos compression. Nosotros la podemos llamar ahogamiento de vocales. &lt;strong&gt;Los griegos ni escriben ni pronuncian la vocal que echan fuera, así en verso como en prosa&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Nuestra lengua&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;   (...) &lt;strong&gt;así en verso como en prosa, a veces escribe y pronuncia esa vocal, aunque le siga otra vocal&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;   (...) &lt;strong&gt;[y] a veces ni escribimos ni pronunciamos esa vocal&lt;/strong&gt; (...) Y esto no solamente en la necesidad del verso, mas aun en la oración suelta. Como si escribieses &quot;nuestro amigo esta aqui&quot;, lo puedes pronunciar como se escribe, y por esta figura lo puedes pronunciar [también] &quot;nuestramigo staqui&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;Los latinos en prosa siempre escriben y pronuncian la vocal al final de la dicción, aunque después le siga otra vocal. En verso la escriben y no la pronuncian&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos que antes de la RAE había dos corrientes gramaticales diferenciadas: la de quienes abogaban por escribir como se pronuncia (el propio Nebrija, Correas, etc.) y la de quienes pretendían que la gramática se basase en la escritura más que en el habla (fray Miguel de Salinas entre otros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que aparte hubiese también otra división, entre aquellos que preferían escribir como los griegos, y por tanto escribirían y pronunciarían siempre &quot;del&quot;, y aquellos que se basaban más en el latín, escribiendo &quot;de el&quot; y pronunciando &quot;de el&quot; o &quot;del&quot; según se quisiese diferenciar la prosa del verso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uniendo los grupos, lo más probable es que la mayoría de la gente pronunciase &quot;del&quot; siempre, dándose las diferencias únicamente en la escritura según la escuela de la que viniese cada cual. Y siendo que al final tuvo mayor aceptación la corriente de adaptar la gramática a la pronunciación más que a la escritura, lo normal sería escribir &quot;al&quot; y &quot;del&quot; y, tal como explicaba la RAE, quienes marcaban la separación &quot;a el&quot; y &quot;de el&quot; lo hacían simplemente por afectación y por dárselas de cultos y latinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T21:36:05.080" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T21:36:05.080" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23783" CreationDate="2018-01-11T15:30:10.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think DLE editors chose the most probable etymology and discarded the less probable, at least at the moment when the entry was last edited. Maybe there is new evidence and the entry should be updated, but in the 1980s the situation was as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one side, there was this sort of oatmeal called &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KeqHrCZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hormigos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, also a dessert with crushed nuts, whose name &lt;em&gt;maybe&lt;/em&gt; comes from the resemblance of its small solid pieces with ants. Theory says &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KeqZ0FM|KevGmFd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hormigón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; takes its name from its similitude to this food.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there is an obscure synonym of both &lt;em&gt;hormigos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hormigón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhkZE1i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nuégado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which shows the same relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the most plausible theory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, there is the Latin noun &lt;em&gt;forma&lt;/em&gt;, meaning 'framework' (the wooden frame inside of which you pour concrete or mud and let it harden, to create a slab). A verb &lt;em&gt;formĭcare&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;to build using this kind of framework&quot;, &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; have derived from it. Then, it became Spanish &lt;em&gt;*hormegón&lt;/em&gt;, and from there &lt;em&gt;hormigón&lt;/em&gt;, by &quot;contamination&quot; of &lt;em&gt;hormiga&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this theory is that there are no traces of this theoretical verb &lt;em&gt;formĭcare&lt;/em&gt;, except &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; in a French work from the 11th century where it is used as a synonym of &lt;em&gt;formare&lt;/em&gt;. There is no other testimony or descendant words in Romance languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the least plausible theory, for lack of evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe now (2018) there is new evidence for the second theory, although I doubt it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: Corominas y Pascual. Diccionario Etimológico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:13:57.870" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:13:57.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23792" CreationDate="2018-01-11T17:00:57.683" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un problema con la búsqueda que hiciste en Google es que la locución «le imitó» &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt; ser un caso de leísmo, si es que el pronombre se deba interpretar como pronombre átono directo.  No obstante, es también perfectamente posible que el verbo &lt;em&gt;imitar&lt;/em&gt; tome un complemento indirecto también, el cual aparecería después del verbo (&lt;em&gt;le imitó la voz&lt;/em&gt;) y así se incluiría en aquellos resultados.  Por eso, no podemos decir nada basándonos en ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos verbos a lo largo del tiempo también han vacilado un poco entre el tipo de complemento que usan (especialmente los verbos de percepción).  Que sepa yo, &lt;em&gt;imitar&lt;/em&gt; no es uno de esos , ni se considera un verbo de afección psicológica que admite tanto complementos directos como indirectos sin distinción, pero sería interesante investigar si hoy es más frecuente decir que se imite directamente a algo o alguien y que antes se imitase algún aspecto de otra cosa (lo cual favorecería el uso de &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;).  Por las razones que ya mencioné, nos obligaría contar individualmente y no lo podríamos hacer informáticamente (a menos que los sustantivos y pronombres estuviesen ya etiqueteados por su papel en la oración).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respeto a la extensión del uso de &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; como pronombre directo, se puede usar &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; como complemento directo sin problema en varias áreas fuera de España, pero con un significado ligeramente diferente: se puede usar cuando el referente es &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; (y también &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; cuando &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;), sea femenino o masculino, en el llamado &lt;em&gt;leísmo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt;.  Tal leísmo está extendido en muchas partes del mundo hispanohablante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T18:12:40.113" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T18:12:40.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18615" CreationDate="2018-01-11T20:08:20.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es locución mexicana por seguro, dado que el texto trata de la era Zapatista en México.  Este uso sumamente mexicano de esta expresión tiene analogía con la expresión &quot;like&quot; o &quot;as if&quot; en Inglés y parece no tener sentido porque en realidad es un fragmento de un enunciado que añade a la frase anterior. Esa pausa es muy reconocible para mí como el tono y pauta de una persona mexicana, posiblemente de procedencia rural, en parte porque así habla mi propia madre de vez en cuando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría reinterpretarlo de la siguiente forma, en un Español más néutro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué ocurrencias! Si yo estuviera vivo, yo no me acercaría a escuchar lo que tiene que decir un muerto. Sería muy tonto de mí.  Me haría de la idea que los muertos no tienen nada que decir, pues están muertos. Pienso que el trabajo de un muerto es espantar y no hablar. Me acuerdo que en mi tierra se decía que los muertos que caminan todavía, es porque tienen algún pendiente y es por eso que no descansan. Así se decía en mi tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T20:08:20.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23810" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-12T01:03:56.433" Score="0" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is probably a question just for linguists. Is there a reason why verbs with Usted are conjugated the same way as with El and Ella? A historical reason maybe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18564" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T02:54:03.137" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T02:54:03.137" Title="Why are verbs with Usted conjugated the same way as with El and Ella?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-01-12T04:29:30.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23810" CreationDate="2018-01-12T02:38:54.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Usted&quot; derives from &quot;Vuestra Merced&quot; and is therefore conjugated in the third person, as a way to show respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be similar to Your Majesty (Su Majestad) and Your Excellency (Su Excelencia), which are also conjugated in the third person even if the person holding that high rank is being directly addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see, among others, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundeu.es/noticia/de-tu-y-vos-y-de-usted-5842/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this source&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T02:38:54.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23810" CreationDate="2018-01-12T02:44:26.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are conjugated the same way because they are all third-person pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain.  Usted comes from an evolved and adapted form of Latin's &quot;vuestra merced&quot; (your grace).  We're talking about a handful of centuries worth of changes too!  &lt;em&gt;Your Grace&lt;/em&gt; is a third-person pronoun that expresses praise to the listener, grace even!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like today how we shorten longer words to suit our needs, or we say it differently because it's easier to get off the tongue, the word was bastardized to the point we know it as today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Usted&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a good &lt;a href=&quot;http://spainkate.com/vosotros-tu-vos-usted-ustedes-why-spanish-has-5-words-for-you/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt; on it all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T02:44:26.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23810" CreationDate="2018-01-12T02:44:34.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1427/5481&quot;&gt;usted and its usage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted is grammatically third person&lt;/strong&gt; singular, such a use is called honorific third person [...] Obviously being grammatical 3rd person singular means that the verbs need to be conjugated as 3rd person singular. Also all pronouns must be 3rd person.   &lt;sub&gt; see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1449/5481&quot;&gt;Vartec's answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23811/5481&quot;&gt;explained by Gustavson&lt;/a&gt; (and in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/251/5481&quot;&gt;Etymology of “usted”&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vuestra merced (a really antique way to say something like your highness) evolved to usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vuestra merced --&gt; Vusted --&gt; usted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/836/5481&quot;&gt;Why is “Usted” grammatically a third person?&lt;/a&gt; is is explained that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since [Your grace]  was an indirect way of addressing someone, it was inflected in the &lt;strong&gt;third person&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T02:44:34.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23735" CreationDate="2018-01-12T03:07:56.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23766/5481&quot;&gt;explica Charlie&lt;/a&gt;, no es realista que un cirujano haga una &quot;llamada a las armas&quot; cuando está a punto de ayudar a una persona mediante un tratamiento médico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el matiz se debe a lo siguiente: &quot;Al ataque&quot; puede ser usado como una exhortación o frase de aliento, a la par que de declaración de intenciones (&quot;Voy a por ti&quot;). Podría entenderse como otra forma de decir &quot;ánimo&quot; cuando vas a empezar una tarea, pero de forma más agresiva. Podrías decir &quot;Al ataque&quot; o &quot;A la carga&quot; tras poner un plato de guisantes (o helado) delante de tus hijos, y lo que harías sería animarles a comenzar la acción (de comer) con brío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicas que esto es &lt;strong&gt;un juego de rol&lt;/strong&gt; y la cirugía consiste en &lt;strong&gt;hacer cosquillas&lt;/strong&gt;. Posiblemente los traductores (o incluso los creadores del juego) obviaron la parte del &quot;tratamiento médico&quot; y se centraron en un &quot;ataque mediante cosquillas (aunque llamado &quot;&lt;em&gt;cirugía&lt;/em&gt;&quot;)&quot; al otro jugador. De ahí que elijan una frase tan poco apropiada para el rol del médico. Están pensando solo en la acción de asaltar a alguien y hacerle cosquillas, y no en el rol de los jugadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras frases que podrían haber usado para declarar que empiezan con la tarea podrían haber sido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manos a la obra&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vamos por partes (que tiene un cierto doble sentido cuando la pronuncia un cirujano...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Empecemos con tu &quot;tratamiento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, de nuevo, supongo que por la naturaleza del juego eligieron &quot;Al ataque&quot; para poner a los jugadores más en situación frente al &quot;asalto mediante cosquillas&quot; que se va a producir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T03:44:15.307" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T03:44:15.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23248" CreationDate="2018-01-12T07:04:49.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salir a&quot; means that you are going somewhere or you are about to do something,&#xA;e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salir al mercado&lt;/em&gt; = Going to the grocery market&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Salir a sacar la basura&lt;/em&gt; = Out to take the trash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salir de&quot; means you are getting out of something, like debt or a relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes both can be used for the same purpose like:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salir a viajar / Salir de viaje&lt;/em&gt; = Going out to travel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18565" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T07:33:45.587" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T07:33:45.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22910" CreationDate="2018-01-12T10:06:59.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se hace cuánto tiempo atrás fue, pero en español se usaba &quot;o&quot; para conectar dos frases que podían ser incluyentes o excluyentes y, se usaba &quot;ó&quot; cuando la conjunción se volvía excluyente (una de ambas, nunca las dos). Incluso se usaba &quot;ó&quot; cuando eran números, para así hacer énfasis en que no había ambigüedad (era una regla obligatoria: la o siempre lleva tilde entre números).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy 100% seguro pues las leyes se elaboran y proponen y van siendo aprobadas y rigidizadas con los años. Según mi información, los cambios en este sentido fueron en los años 50.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:06:59.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23819" PostTypeId="7" CreationDate="2018-01-12T10:30:47.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Spanish Language Stack Exchange&lt;/b&gt; is a bilingual question and answer site for linguists, teachers, students and Spanish language enthusiasts in general wanting to discuss the finer points of the language. It's built and run &lt;i&gt;by you&lt;/i&gt; as part of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt; network of Q&amp;amp;A sites. With your help, we're working together to build a library of detailed answers to every question about the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T10:30:47.513" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:30:47.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23730" CreationDate="2018-01-12T10:49:54.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, ayer me sorprendí a mí mismo usando &quot;el inferior&quot;. Y digo &quot;sorprendí&quot; porque hasta ahora estaba de acuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23734/13628&quot;&gt;la respuesta de Jean Gotopo&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto que estaba yo escribiendo era algo así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;la parte superior&lt;/strong&gt; de la página aparece tal cosa, en &lt;strong&gt;el centro&lt;/strong&gt; tal otra y en &lt;strong&gt;el inferior&lt;/strong&gt; tal otra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras quedarme un rato mirando lo que acababa de escribir y pensando en por qué lo había escrito así, creo que es por influencia de &quot;el centro&quot;: al ser una enumeración de &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; partes, el adjetivo &quot;inferior&quot; debería ir con artículo femenino, pues se refiere a &lt;em&gt;la (parte) inferior&lt;/em&gt;; pero, &lt;strong&gt;al precederle &quot;el centro&quot;, que es un sustantivo, parece como si produjese una influencia sobre el siguiente elemento, como forzando una sustantivación&lt;/strong&gt; (¿por coherencia entre elementos correlativos?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contraste, si reescribo la enumeración para usar el adjetivo &quot;central&quot; en vez del sustantivo &quot;centro&quot;, entonces lo que me sale naturalmente sí es &quot;la inferior&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;la parte superior&lt;/strong&gt; de la página aparece tal cosa, en &lt;strong&gt;la central&lt;/strong&gt; tal otra y en &lt;strong&gt;la inferior&lt;/strong&gt; tal otra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, mientras que &quot;inferior&quot; en esta última frase funciona como adjetivo de &quot;parte&quot; y por tanto va en femenino, en el ejemplo de arriba &quot;inferior&quot; no funciona como adjetivo, sino como sustantivo igual que &quot;centro&quot;, y por tanto adopta un género propio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ignoro si esa podría ser la causa del uso de &quot;el inferior&quot;, pero me parece plausible. Quizá alguien con más base lingüística pueda aportar algún comentario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T13:50:20.253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T13:50:20.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-12T11:38:16.367" Score="3" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo el siguiente imperativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; lo digas a Lola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué hay 'se' antes de &lt;em&gt;digas&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No podria ser así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No lo digas a Lola&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11254" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T11:47:28.383" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T06:45:12.913" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;No 'se' lo digas a Lola&quot; y no &quot;No lo digas a Lola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2018-01-12T11:56:00.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. El &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; es aloforma del pronombre átono indirecto &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;. Ya que mencionamos explícitamente el complemento indirecto, no es obligatorio su uso, pero la coaparición del complemento con su respectivo pronombre átono es perfectamente válida, e incluso obligatoria si el complemento es otro pronombre (no se puede decir &lt;em&gt;no lo digas a &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, solo &lt;em&gt;no se lo digas a ella&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no se lo digas&lt;/em&gt; a secas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T11:56:00.333" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23111" CreationDate="2018-01-12T11:57:30.023" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera aparición &quot;oficial&quot; de la regla se da en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=l3bQeY93SgAC&amp;amp;dq=ortografia%20castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA30#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=conjuncion&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;octava edición de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de la Real Academia Española, de 1815&lt;/a&gt;, página 30, dentro del epígrafe correspondiente a la letra E:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bhIgv.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bhIgv.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antiguamente se usó de la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; como conjuncion en lugar de la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;; pero hoy la sostituye solamente cuando por comenzar en &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; la palabra que sigue, se perderia ó confundiría la conjuncion en la concurrencia de unas mismas vocales, y para evitar esta cacofonía se escribe &lt;em&gt;Juan é Ignacio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;padre é hijo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos a la edición anterior, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=sd5DAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=ortografia%20castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA40#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=conjuncion&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la séptima (de 1800)&lt;/a&gt;, podemos comprobar que no se hace mención de esta regla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wiFZT.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wiFZT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y las ediciones y tratados de décadas anteriores se limitan a repetir &lt;em&gt;verbatim&lt;/em&gt; la nota del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; que tú mismo citas al final de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen manuales ligeramente anteriores a 1815, supuestamente validados por la RAE y que ya incluyen la norma, como por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=eu4jh132Oj4C&amp;amp;dq=ortografia%20castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA88#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=conjuncion&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;éste de 1813 de Antonio Cortés&lt;/a&gt; en la página 87 y siguiente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero, puesto que la pregunta es cuándo lo estableció la RAE oficialmente, la respuesta es: &lt;strong&gt;1815&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T11:57:30.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23827" CreationDate="2018-01-13T01:29:44.393" Score="3" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the case of manner indication, I am unsure which preposition becomes more appropriate for which instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of what I mean is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a Italia &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; tren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a Italia &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this second preposition becoming 'en' because this 'a' repetition was deemed for some reason unwarranted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of indication of manner using a may be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo hice a mano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T04:39:48.867" Title="Specific usage case of prepositions for manner indication" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23826" CreationDate="2018-01-13T02:48:20.000" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;, because you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Italia &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; caballo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Italia &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; caballo &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; jugar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la comba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not an unwanted repetition that makes you change it from &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt;. It's simply that we say &amp;quot;voy &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; caballo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;voy &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; tren&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prepositions in every language are tricky, and the intricacies may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true that preposition &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is used to express method (in which way it's done):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vamos &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; pie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; is used to express the means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; tren/barco/coche&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T04:39:48.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23837" CreationDate="2018-01-14T01:15:59.420" Score="9" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkover&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;victoria por W. O.&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;walkover&lt;/em&gt;) es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una victoria otorgada a una persona o equipo cuando no hay más competidores, porque se retiraron, fueron descalificados o no asistieron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término está cogido directamente del inglés. ¿Hay algún término en español más adecuado para una victoria así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-14T08:52:30.797" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T07:45:09.030" Title="Término en español para una victoria por W.O" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-14T04:49:02.897" Score="2" ViewCount="1281" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a good, casual phrase to convey feelings of attraction and emotion without being vulgar,or too forward? I want to acknowledge someone as more than a friend, like telling someone you &quot;like, like&quot; them in English. I would like to say something that is somewhat romantic, but not sexual. However, I do not want to use anything that implies &quot;love&quot; because it is too soon for that.(I am very new to Spanish but it is my friend's native language)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18577" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T18:06:27.123" Title="Spanish words/phrases to tell someone you like them romantically." Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23830" CreationDate="2018-01-14T05:38:46.557" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a rather easy answer, and I hate to not have more to say about it, but there are basically two different ways to say such a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me gustas&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Te Quiero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustas is the literal way to tell someone you like them, and it carries the same weight as saying &quot;I like you&quot; in English does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te Quiero is a bit more endearing, though.  It can mean:  &quot;I love you&quot;, &quot;I like you&quot;, &quot;I care for you&quot;, even literally, &quot;I want you&quot;.  This is not the same concept of &quot;love&quot; as the verb amar, though.  It's like I said, endearing.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T05:38:46.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2018-01-14T06:45:12.913" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eso no es gramaticalmaente correcta pero piensa en la así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le lo digo a Lola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta sería la manera natural (mentalmente) de que alguien entendiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, hay reglas gramaticales.  No es correcta poner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le lo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo Lo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éstas son confusas.  Imagínate como sonaría y como difícil sería oírlas, más decirlas.  Para arreglarlo hay que utilizar &quot;se&quot;.  Entonces sólo hay dos opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T06:45:12.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18615" CreationDate="2018-01-14T06:53:52.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tal como&lt;/strong&gt; dijo psosuna, es un coloquialismo.  Y, tal como yo utilizo &quot;tal como&quot;, ésto es que significa &quot;como que&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T06:53:52.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2018-01-14T07:22:29.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Píensalo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PUzkYPH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PUzkYPH&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Aspecto que ante el observador presenta una acción o un ser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teóricamente, el dicho &quot;ni modo&quot; es corto para &quot;ni siquiera hay modo&quot;.  Ni siquiera vale la pena hacer algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ya se agotaron los tacos.  Ni modo.  No tengo hambre.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T07:22:29.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23828" CreationDate="2018-01-14T09:04:54.503" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, lo más adecuado en sentido técnico sería &quot;victoria por &lt;strong&gt;incomparecencia&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LGUGGNK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incomparecencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Falta de asistencia a un acto o lugar en que se debe estar presente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa mucho &quot;victoria por &lt;strong&gt;abandono&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, sobre todo cuando dicho abandono se produce en medio del encuentro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=01yxXv6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abandonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. En el juego o en el deporte, dejar de luchar, darse por vencido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso específico de descalificación, se usaría &quot;victoria por descalificación&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En sentido figurado, como parece que se usa también a veces cuando el oponente es demasiado fácil...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/walkover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;walkover&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  : a one-sided contest : an easy or uncontested victory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... se usa muchas veces &quot;&lt;strong&gt;paseo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S3qI7Xz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; algo &lt;strong&gt;un paseo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Resultar muy cómodo o muy fácil de hacer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T07:45:09.030" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T07:45:09.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-14T18:27:14.417" Score="1" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a copy of a birth certificate from 1849. There is &lt;strong&gt;one name&lt;/strong&gt; in the certificate that I can't transcribe to any known Spanish name (anything that comes to mind). The document isn't in great condition and the script is hard to read unfortunately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The picture with the name in question is below. I believe it says &lt;code&gt;&quot;Don X&quot;&lt;/code&gt; where &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt; is of the form &lt;code&gt;&quot;...t...io&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. In other words, the name ends in &lt;code&gt;&quot;io&quot;&lt;/code&gt;and it includes a &lt;code&gt;t&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gnIfl.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gnIfl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full page view of the birth certificate in case it helps understand this old Spanish calligraphy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fZcBW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fZcBW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="683" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-11-06T12:53:31.663" LastActivityDate="2019-11-08T13:14:06.997" Title="Identifying a Spanish name in old Spanish calligraphy from a birth certificate from 1849" Tags="&lt;escritura&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-14T19:03:52.767" Score="5" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &quot;ejemplo&quot; is abbreviated as &quot;ej.&quot;, but what is the abbreviation for the plural &quot;ejemplos&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18545" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-14T22:09:20.943" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T22:39:30.640" Title="What is the abbreviation in Spanish for the word &quot;examples&quot; (plural)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23839" CreationDate="2018-01-14T22:33:50.433" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;, paragraph 5.a of &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=fKODyKTfZD6s0mX7bz#5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;its article for abbreviations&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plural&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Depende de su método de formación:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Si la abreviatura se obtuvo por truncamiento, se añade &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;págs&lt;/em&gt;. por &lt;em&gt;páginas&lt;/em&gt;. Se exceptúa el plural de las abreviaturas &lt;em&gt;cent&lt;/em&gt;. (&lt;em&gt;centavo, centésimo&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;cént.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;céntimo&lt;/em&gt;), que es &lt;em&gt;cts&lt;/em&gt;., y no Ⓧ&lt;em&gt;cents&lt;/em&gt;. ni Ⓧ&lt;em&gt;cénts&lt;/em&gt;. (no debe confundirse la abreviatura &lt;em&gt;cent.&lt;/em&gt; con la palabra &lt;em&gt;cent&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo plural sí es &lt;em&gt;cents&lt;/em&gt;). En abreviaturas formadas por una sola letra, el plural se expresa duplicando esta: &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;. por &lt;em&gt;siguientes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;EE. UU.&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It basically says that, for abbreviations formed by chopping away the end of the word (like &lt;em&gt;ej&lt;s&gt;emplo&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ej.&lt;/em&gt;), to get the plural &lt;strong&gt;you just add an &quot;s&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ej&lt;s&gt;emplo&lt;/s&gt;&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ej&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, directly answering your question: the abbreviation for &quot;ejemplos&quot; is &quot;ejs.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-14T22:39:30.640" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T22:39:30.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22986" CreationDate="2018-01-15T10:15:09.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La búsqueda en fuentes oficiales y corpus variados ya la hizo OP, así que yo me he centrado en búsquedas más mundanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como casi todos los verbos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt;, el verbo &quot;guachapear&quot; es regular y mantiene la raíz &lt;em&gt;guachape-&lt;/em&gt; en todas sus conjugaciones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por otra parte, Google permite el uso de comodines en las búsquedas. Así, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=guachape*&amp;amp;nfpr=1&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjk5L-m2dnYAhVIWhQKHb29ATQQvgUIJSgB&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=893&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscando por &quot;guachape*&quot;&lt;/a&gt; podemos encontrar páginas que contengan las palabras: &lt;em&gt;guachape, guachapear, guachapeo, guachapeando, guachapeéis&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De estos resultados, muchos (casi todos) son irrelevantes para nuestra consulta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usos del nombre &quot;guachape&quot;, que según la zona puede referirse a un apellido, a un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=_blHAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA341&amp;amp;ots=H5XiaSocyP&amp;amp;dq=guachape%20rio&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA342#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=guachape&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;río&lt;/a&gt;, a un tipo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.munisantiagodechuco.gob.pe/Mural/articulo_detalle/37&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patata&lt;/a&gt;, a una especie de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es-la.facebook.com/instituto.humboldt/posts/1133150713419150&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga&lt;/a&gt;... pero no es ninguna forma del verbo &quot;guachapear&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;artículos sobre la planta &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudosamanea_guachapele&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pseudosamanea guachapele&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Albizia guachapele&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usos de la expresión &quot;guacha pe&quot;, de la cual no tengo tiempo para hallar su significado, pero por los usos que he visto tampoco es un verbo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google también permite excluir resultados que contengan ciertas palabras. Entonces, si hacemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=893&amp;amp;ei=l3pcWr2OJ8W7UaLbhMAH&amp;amp;q=guachape*%20-pseudomasanae%20-pseudosamanea%20-pseudosamanae%20-albizia%20-guachape%20-guacha&amp;amp;oq=guachape*%20-pseudomasanae%20-pseudosamanea%20-pseudosamanae%20-albizia%20-guachape%20-guacha&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...10815.12158.0.14895.8.8.0.0.0.0.94.600.8.8.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.BWm5p7Kds64&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otra búsqueda&lt;/a&gt; excluyendo los resultados que contengan &quot;guachape&quot; (sin sufijos), &quot;pseudosamanea&quot; (junto con ciertas variaciones), &quot;albizia&quot; y &quot;guacha&quot;, encontramos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... nada. Literalmente 0 ocurrencias de formas del verbo &quot;guachapear&quot;. Y eso que la búsqueda incluye resultados de Google Books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que, al excluir &quot;guachape&quot; de la búsqueda, hemos eliminado todos los resultados de páginas que versaban sobre la conjugación de dicho verbo. Pero también es cierto que ninguna de esas páginas mostraba usos reales del verbo: casi todas son páginas autogeneradas, en base a la estructura regular del mismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La única que se molesta en incluir algún ejemplo es &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jergasdehablahispana.org/?pais=Chile&amp;amp;palabra=guachapear&amp;amp;tipobusqueda=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jergas de habla hispana&lt;/a&gt;, que ofrece el siguiente uso específico de Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vicente dijo que le &lt;strong&gt;guachapearon&lt;/strong&gt; la mochila saliendo de la escuela y por eso no pudo hacer la tarea.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso sería como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;hurtar&lt;/em&gt;. Pero ni siquiera en este caso se cita una fuente: perfectamente podría ser un ejemplo inventado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusión: no, no se utiliza actualmente &quot;guachapear&quot; con ninguna de sus acepciones originales.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-15T21:22:55.773" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T21:22:55.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-15T12:07:08.577" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to understand the phrase 'se trata de'. I've looked extensively online at examples (linguee) as well as the previous post here (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13645/what-does-se-trata-de-mean&quot;&gt;What does &amp;quot;se trata de&amp;quot; mean?&lt;/a&gt;) but can't seem to understand the subtleties of it.  It seems to get translated as 'is' much of the time.  Any thought and/or examples would be most appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18583" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T12:07:08.577" Title="in-depth explanation of &quot;se trata de&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-01-16T14:04:36.927" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2018-01-15T16:19:34.343" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dzq8F.jpg&quot; width=&quot;100&quot; alt=&quot;este es el color durazno claro&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre he dicho color carne, hasta hoy, porque me he estado informando y no creo que deba ser así.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;He mirado opiniones, ideas y gamas de colores y creo que el color &lt;strong&gt;durazno claro&lt;/strong&gt; es el mismo o muy parecido a mi antiguo carne. Espero que sea de ayuda :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he visto gente que le llama &lt;strong&gt;color crema&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;color beige / beis&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18584" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-15T16:26:09.053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T16:26:09.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2018-01-15T17:00:58.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy una de esas personas que han crecido llamando a este color &quot;color carne&quot; y que se han dado cuenta (en mi caso hace ya algunos años) de lo discriminatorio que es hacerlo así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente creo que &lt;strong&gt;lo más sencillo es&lt;/strong&gt; dejar de usar &quot;color carne&quot; o &quot;color piel&quot; a secas, y &lt;strong&gt;especificar siempre el tono&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;color piel morena&quot;, &quot;color piel blanca&quot;, &quot;color piel rosada&quot;, &quot;color piel negra&quot;, &quot;color piel aceituna&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.verkami.com/projects/15996-pintemos-los-colores-de-la-piel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iniciativas con éxito&lt;/a&gt; que promulgan llamar &quot;color piel&quot; a toda la gama de colores de la piel humana, lo cual me parece perfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, si lo que nos ofende no es solo que se asuma que la piel &quot;normal&quot; es la de nuestro mismo color, sino insinuar siquiera que las pieles pueden ser de colores diferentes, entonces hay que pasar a usar colores &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pantone&lt;/a&gt; o alguna otra denominación oficial o basada en colores naturales. Por ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena_(color)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siena&lt;/a&gt; u &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocre&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_(color)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rosado&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89bano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ébano&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marr%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marrón o café&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso concreto del color &quot;carne&quot;, el equivalente sería &quot;&lt;strong&gt;rosa anaranjado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T17:00:58.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15702" CreationDate="2018-01-15T22:37:29.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was going to add this as a comment because what I'm about to write doesn't necessarily give you the &amp;quot;why,&amp;quot; but instead, the &amp;quot;what&amp;quot; about some of the differences between &amp;quot;el/la arte&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;los/las artes.&amp;quot;  I think guifa does the best job of that and DGaleano adds some important points.  My answer adds on to what guifa has said regarding the subtle nuances between &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot; when treated as masculine and &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot; when treated as feminine, both in singular form and in plural.  If translations over at &lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt; provide any reliable, useful lessons with regard to this, it would be the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el arte&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; + &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot; often refers to &amp;quot;art&amp;quot; in general and is often used without a definite article in English.  This applies even when adjectives are combined with it.  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué es el arte?&lt;/strong&gt;  (What is art?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las cosas que hago por el arte.&lt;/strong&gt;  (The things I do for art.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Algunas personas no entienden el arte.&lt;/strong&gt; (Some people do not understand art.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this applies even when a descriptive adjective is added to it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el arte callejero&lt;/strong&gt; (street art)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;el arte contemporáneo&lt;/strong&gt; (contemporary art)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;el arte primitivo&lt;/strong&gt; (primitive art)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;el arte abstracto&lt;/strong&gt; (abstract art)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;el arte surrealista&lt;/strong&gt; (surrealist art)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more, see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/el+arte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el arte.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; + &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot; will refer to a singular type of art.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;el arte marcial&lt;/strong&gt; (the martial art)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indefinite article with this term is used similarly.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La danza folklórica conocida como &amp;quot;Tinku&amp;quot; comenzó como un arte marcial.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(The folk dance known as &amp;quot;Tinku&amp;quot; began as a martial art.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &amp;quot;martial arts&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;las artes marciales.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not all art is the same&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also visited &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the Wikipedia article on &amp;quot;Art&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and a key point made in it (and something guifa alludes to in his answer) is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, in English, conceptually, there exists a huge divide between what we would consider the &amp;quot;fine arts&amp;quot; and what we would consider (again, from Wikipedia):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in English, when we say &amp;quot;the arts,&amp;quot; we are usually referring to art created for aesthetics or beauty (e.g., painting, sculpture, photography), but not practical or functional purposes (e.g., pottery).  Keep in mind that the lines between these two distinct types of art blur a bit.  For example, photography could be created for aesthetic purposes, commercial purposes, or both.  The same is true for pottery, architecture, and other works of this nature.  Regardless, I highly doubt the average English speaker would make any distinctions between these different types of arts — the aesthetic and the practical.  Anything remotely artistic might be referred to as &amp;quot;the arts&amp;quot; and I'd say fewer than 25% of the English-speaking population would even be aware of the distinction between &amp;quot;fine arts&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;applied arts.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the Spanish language, I don't know if, in common usage, distinctions are made between &amp;quot;fine arts&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;practical arts.&amp;quot;  But I can tell you that terminology exists to distinguish between them (at least according to what I found via Reverso).*  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fine arts = las bellas artes&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;practical arts = artes prácticas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &amp;quot;a fine art&amp;quot; would simply be &amp;quot;un arte,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;the fine art&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;el fino arte.&amp;quot; On the other hand, &amp;quot;a practical art&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;un arte práctica&amp;quot; (cacophony rule in play here).  You can also use &amp;quot;las artes aplicadas&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;practical arts.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, both are grammatically feminine and this applies to several other types of art that, in English, we tend to use only in their plural form.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the applied arts&lt;/strong&gt; (las artes aplicadas)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;the decorative arts&lt;/strong&gt; (las artes decorativas)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;the performing arts&lt;/strong&gt; (las artes escénicas)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;the visual arts&lt;/strong&gt; (las artes visuales)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When referring to a type of art in general, it will either be feminine plural or masculine singular&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just another observation I made through Reverso.  Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the primitive arts = las artes primitivas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;primitive art = el arte primitivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the contemporary arts = las artes contemporáneas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;contemporary art = el arte contemporáneo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Difference between &amp;quot;los artes&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;las artes&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Namely it is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;los artes = gear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;las artes = art&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For examples, see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/los+artes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;los artes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/las+artes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las artes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Singular feminine use of &amp;quot;arte&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The examples of &amp;quot;la arte&amp;quot; that I saw were so few that I must assume that adherence to rules related to &amp;quot;cacofonía&amp;quot; (see DGaleano's answer) were simply incorrect and not to be used.  But it goes beyond that because I don't believe I saw any instances of &amp;quot;una arte&amp;quot; either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as I mentioned earlier, this does not answer why there are differences, but what the differences are.  Nevertheless, I felt the content of my answer was closely enough related to be added here rather than break it off into a separate post.  If anyone disagrees, I can recreate it, Q&amp;amp;A style.  HTH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T22:43:58.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23876" CreationDate="2018-01-15T22:44:23.837" Score="1" ViewCount="1916" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la informática, y en particular en las bases de datos, es muy común diferencias las fechas de las fechas que tienen también hora, minuto y segundo (y milisegundo, si me apuras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En término informático esta distinción suele marcarse con un &lt;em&gt;date&lt;/em&gt; (fecha) y &lt;em&gt;datetime&lt;/em&gt; (fecha y hora), que seguramente no son usadas en el habla coloquial pero que se explican por sí solas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano usamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HhpCnjk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fecha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de una forma un tanto genérica, pues ya el DLE muestra que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del desus. fecha [carta] 'hecha [la carta]', fórmula que precedía a la indicación del lugar y tiempo en los que se redactó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Indicación del tiempo, y a veces del lugar, en que se hace o sucede algo, especialmente al principio o al final de un escrito. &lt;em&gt;La fecha de una carta, de un cuadro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que sigue con otras acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. f. Tiempo en que se hace o sucede algo. &lt;em&gt;Enero de 2001 fue la fecha decidida.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. f. Día completo o día determinado. &lt;em&gt;Estamos a tres fechas del inicio de la primavera. Navidad y Año Nuevo son fechas muy señaladas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4. f. Tiempo o momento actuales. &lt;em&gt;No hay una explicación satisfactoria hasta LA fecha.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5. f. U. en aposición tras un sustantivo que designa el plazo para el cumplimiento o vencimiento de algo, especialmente una letra o un pago. &lt;em&gt;El crédito vence a un mes fecha.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la primera de las entradas vimos que la &amp;quot;caja&amp;quot; fecha contiene de todo: lugar, día, mes, año... e incluso no sería descabellado también encontrar hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a la aplicación informática, doy por hecho que al decir &lt;em&gt;fecha y hora&lt;/em&gt; estaríamos hablando del &lt;em&gt;datetime&lt;/em&gt;. Pero ¿existe alguna forma de utilizar &lt;em&gt;fecha&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que solamente nos referimos al día, mes y año, sin que se espere una hora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T00:39:04.637" Title="¿Hay algún término para diferenciar &quot;fecha&quot; de &quot;fecha y hora&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2018-01-16T05:27:32.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se trata de&lt;/em&gt; often means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's a case of&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's a matter of&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it functions to explain what something is really about, what the true essence of the thing is.  Note, it is an idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked in several dictionaries, both all-Spanish, and translating, and couldn't find it.  I'm sure someone else will find it.  I'm certain that when I was learning Spanish, it was treated as an idiom in the book I was studying from.  It's really very strange that I couldn't find it today.  I'll try to explain it as I understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, let's consider &lt;em&gt;tratar de&lt;/em&gt; without the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este libro trata del ascenso de un dictador | This book is about the rise of a dictator OR This book treats the rise of a dictator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you see, this is a bit like &lt;em&gt;This book is a treatise on such-and-so subject&lt;/em&gt;?  Or &lt;em&gt;This book is a novel treatment of such-and-so material&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué se trata la película? | What is the movie about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an idiom.  I can show you some expressions in English that have some little bit of overlap (treatise, treatment), but really, it's an idiom.  In other words, it means something more or different from the simple sum of the parts of the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating from Spanish to English will yield a ton of different results and this might be confusing for someone checking Linguee.com for this idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might be more interesting for someone trying to understand this idiom better would be to notice English text that would naturally get translated to &lt;em&gt;tratarse de&lt;/em&gt;.  Here are some phrases to watch out for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's a matter of...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's about...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We're talking about...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The idea is to...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The goal is to...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's a case of...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The point is...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time for a joke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una ancianita iba caminando por la calle cuando vio una bola de gente.  Se acercó pero no logró ver ni oír nada.  Entonces le preguntó a un muchacho, &amp;quot;¿De qué se trata, joven?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El joven le explicó, &amp;quot;Se trata de una riña.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ancianita, que no oía bien, dijo, &amp;quot;¿Una niña?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El muchacho aclaró, &amp;quot;No, señora, una disputa.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ancianita comentó, &amp;quot;Ah entonces, no era tan niña.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will translate your three examples.  To do this well I need more context for each of your quotes.  (I found that all three quotes came from a book by C.S. Lewis called La Travesia del Viajero del Alba.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this approach helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los súbditos de Bern, a gran cantidad de los cuales vieron trabajando&#xA;en los campos, eran todos hombres libres y se trataba de un feudo&#xA;feliz y próspero.  (CS Lewis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bern's subjects, a large number of whom they saw working the fields, were all free men; and this was clearly a case of a (estate).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] ---Tenemos nuestra espadas, Señor ---dijo el ratón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Sí, Reep, ya sé que las tenemos.  Pero si se trata de una cuestión de reconquistar las tres islas, preferiría regresar con un ejército un&#xA;poco más numeroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;We have our swords, sir,&amp;quot; said the mouse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Yes, Reep, I know we do.  But if it's a matter of [if we must treat this as a matter of] reconquering the three islands, I would prefer to come back with a slightly larger army.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Alternatively] If what we're trying to do here is retake the three islands, etc. [Note, the Spanish translation here is a bit weird and redundant -- &amp;quot;Pero si se trata de una cuestión de reconquistar&amp;quot; is using two ways of expressing the same idea.  Actually, the translator could have said just &amp;quot;Pero si se trata de reconquistar&amp;quot; OR &amp;quot;Pero si es cuestión de reconquistar&amp;quot;....]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] Pero de vez en cuando Lucy ganaba porque el ratón efectuaba algún movimiento ridículo como enviar a un caballo a una posición amenazada por un a combinación de reina y torre.  Aquello sucedía porque había olvidado por un momento que se trataba de un juego de ajedrez y pensaba en una auténtica batalla y hacía que el caballo actuara como sin duda él lo haría de estar en su lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;But from time to time Lucy won, because the mouse would sometimes make a ridiculous move such as sending his knight into attack from a combination of queen and castle.  That would happen because he had forgotten for a moment that this was a chess game [was about playing chess].  He would imagine the knight was in an authentic battle, behaving as he himself would do in his shoes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T04:57:35.823" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23830" CreationDate="2018-01-16T05:39:14.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to sound somewhat romantic without further approach you can say &lt;code&gt;te aprecio mucho&lt;/code&gt;, I think it's a neutral sentence but it emphasize a friendship a little bit more, letting them know that you are starting to value the friendship more than just being simple friends but it welcomes the possibility to go a little bit further and start a strong relationship that can also be love.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Apreciar&lt;/code&gt; means you really care something without touching it.&#xA;Some sentences you can use:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(yo) aprecio mucho conversar contigo, creo que si sigo mejor ni te lo digo :P&lt;/code&gt;,&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(yo) aprecio mucho tus consejos, significa mucho para mi&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;(yo) aprecio tus deseos de salir adelante, haré lo que esté a mi alcance para ayudarte&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;(yo)&lt;/code&gt; like in most spanish sentences is implicit thus not necessary and it's better to avoid it, I wrote it just for clarification but in real life, as I said early, it's not necessary unless you are trying to be really clear when you are making an anouncement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18588" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T05:39:14.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23855" CreationDate="2018-01-16T09:26:20.123" Score="5" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I saw the following sentence in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/fly%20away&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, along with its English translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pájaro salió volando antes de &lt;strong&gt;poder&lt;/strong&gt; verlo bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bird flew away before &lt;strong&gt;I could&lt;/strong&gt; get a good look at it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that how it works in Spanish? In all languages I came in contact with such infinitive could correspond only to a previous subject (&lt;em&gt;el pájaro&lt;/em&gt;), but not a new, implied one (&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;). I thought the only way to say that was something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;…antes de que &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; verlo bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that dictionary example correct? If so, how is such a phenomenon called?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17249" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T09:33:27.300" Title="Infinitive as finite implied form?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23851" CreationDate="2018-01-16T10:04:48.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What &quot;poder atraparlo&quot; is not&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dangling infinitive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Section &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGUllqWyfxcLKksg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;26.7&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; shows examples like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;de haberlo sabido ella&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;antes de llegar el cartero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which are very similar to OP's sentence if we make the subject explicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;antes de poder atraparlo yo&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are called &lt;em&gt;infinitive subordinates&lt;/em&gt;, and they are grammatically correct (definitely not &quot;Tarzan speak&quot; as some have said).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What &quot;poder atraparlo&quot; is, but has &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt; to do whatsoever with the change in subject&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADfrasis_verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbal periphrasis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, &quot;&lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; + verb&quot; is one of the 140 periphrasis in Spanish, meaning &quot;being able to&quot; + verb. However, this fact is unrelated to the subject change you are asking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What the actual answer for the subject change is&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A phenomenon called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sujeto tácito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (tacit subject) or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sujeto elidido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (elided subject), which is a form of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsis_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ellipsis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, both the example and the translation are correct and, for native and non-native speakers alike, this can be confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take the following sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El halcón estaba esperando a que el conejo saliese de su madriguera, pero se cansó de esperar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;El halcón salió volando antes de poder atraparlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me fui acercando al halcón poco a poco con la red preparada, pero me oyó.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;El halcón salió volando antes de poder atraparlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, the two sentences in bold are exactly equal; and yet, their subjects and meaning are different.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one means &quot;before the hawk could catch the rabbit&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;antes de poder &lt;strong&gt;(el halcón)&lt;/strong&gt; atrapar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - subject (elided) = &lt;em&gt;&quot;el halcón&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - direct object = &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;&quot;el conejo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one means &quot;before I could catch the hawk&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;antes de poder &lt;strong&gt;(yo)&lt;/strong&gt; atrapar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - subject (elided) = &lt;em&gt;&quot;yo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - direct object = &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;&quot;el halcón&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to tell the difference is the context.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the first example, the subject for &lt;em&gt;poder atraparlo&lt;/em&gt; is taken from the preceding sentence, which says the hawk was waiting to catch the rabbit. So the subject (not) being able to catch must be the hawk, and the object is the rabbit.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the second example, the subject for &lt;em&gt;poder atraparlo&lt;/em&gt; is taken from the preceding sentence too, which now says that &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; was waiting to catch the hawk with my net. So the subject (not) being able to catch must be me, and the object is the hawk.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phenomenon is called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sujeto tácito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (also known as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sujeto elidido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), where the infinitive subordinate sentence does not have an explicit subject, and it must be inferred from the context. It does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; have to be the same subject from the main sentence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is indeed a form of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a broader term which refers to the omission of part of a sentence, and the gist of it is the same in Spanish and English (see link above).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that, without context, the subject could either be me, or us, or Elizabeth and her friends, or the hawk itself. Context is needed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is just happens that eliding the subject, especially when this subject is a pronoun, is way more common in Spanish compared to other languages (like English where the pronoun is mandatory) -- in fact, using &quot;yo&quot; at all in a sentence can be a telling sign that you are not a native speaker.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So, when the subject is elided and context is lacking, we tend to assume that the subject is the person speaking: thus &quot;yo&quot; (the one speaking) being assumed to be the subject of &lt;em&gt;poder atraparlo&lt;/em&gt;, context not being enough to know otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relevant sections of the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OGUllqWyfxcLKksg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;26.7&lt;/a&gt; and following; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SercZqQtADVAjSCP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;33.4&lt;/a&gt; and following; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bGVJlBgHYcRbiErX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;41.11g&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OuOqXNaaOgbzgzO,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;26.11s&lt;/a&gt;; and some others referenced inside the book itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T09:33:27.300" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T09:33:27.300" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23851" CreationDate="2018-01-16T12:06:34.623" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the phrases you are using, the subject is the bird.&#xA;There are two phrases joined by a conjunction called &quot;elective conjunction&quot; (&lt;strong&gt;antes&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Elective conjunctions join two different thoughts indicating that one pre-dates the other.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beside that, in the second phrase you can see a thing that is called a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;perífrasis&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Is hard to explain it to someone that is not native speaker, but to make it short, a &quot;perífrasis&quot; is when a verb in infinitive acts as an auxiliar for another one (more or less) also in infinitive (not always mind you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the &quot;poder&quot;/&quot;be able to&quot; is working with the next verb &quot;ver&quot;/&quot;to see&quot;, creating the perífrasis &quot;to be able to see&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To relate it to the subject: &quot;the bird&quot;, you use the pronoun &quot;lo&quot; (it) as a suffix in the end. And that is like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;poder ver lo -&gt; poder verlo -&gt; poderlo ver&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  those three mean &quot;poder ver el pájaro&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;to be able to see it --&gt; to be able to see the bird&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer above that states this is an ellipsis is not right, cause there is no piece of the phrases that was omitted: not the verb and not the subject (tacit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, a proper translation would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pájaro salió volando antes de poder verlo bien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;The bird went flying before being able to see it well/properly.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastEditorUserId="15319" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T11:32:55.383" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T11:32:55.383" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28556" CreationDate="2018-01-16T12:23:27.900" Score="4" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer, hablando de navegación, escuché lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—La navegación a vela es otra historia. En cuanto subes al barco, te olvidas de todo lo demás. Con motor no, con motor llevas 200 caballos detrás y hasta que no los pones todos a correr parece que te falta algo, hay gente que se sube y lo primero que hace, arranca y &lt;strong&gt;va a tabla&lt;/strong&gt;. Con vela es distinto. Estás pendiente del mar, de si la vela esto o el timón lo otro, no tienes prisa por llegar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la persona dijo &quot;va a tabla&quot;, hizo un movimiento como de empujar una palanca con la mano, lo cual suele hacerse en un barco para acelerar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El significado de la expresión, por tanto, creo que lo entiendo: quiere decir &quot;acelerar al máximo, ir a toda máquina&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ahora bien, la entrada de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Ysg8s8S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tabla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el DLE no recoge ninguna locución parecida.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esta expresión, pues? ¿Por qué &quot;tabla&quot;? ¿Es una expresión regional, o se usa en otras partes? ¿La entendí mal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T13:38:12.827" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T09:33:44.527" Title="¿Origen de la expresión &quot;ir a tabla&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23851" CreationDate="2018-01-16T13:15:31.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In his &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de dudas y dificultades de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, when dealing with the use of the infinitive as a verbal noun (which is the case at issue, since the object of a preposition is always nominal, and “antes de” is a prepositional phrase), Manuel Seco says that, in such cases, the infinitive can have a subject of its own, just like a finite verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al ponerse el sol, la sombra crece.&lt;/em&gt; (In this case, “el sol” is the subject of “ponerse”.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subject of the infinitive can also be the same as that of the main verb. This is the case with verb phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre he pensado volver a España.&lt;/em&gt; (The subject of “volver” is the same as that of “he pensado”.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, the subject of the infinitive is the direct object of the main verb (in this case, the infinitive is an object complement):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te veo pasar todos los días.&lt;/em&gt; (The subject of “pasar” is “tú”, expressed in the objective case as “te”: &lt;em&gt;Te veo mientras &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; pasas&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only cases mentioned by Seco in which there is no subject are those where the subject is too general: &lt;em&gt;Querer es poder&lt;/em&gt;, or those in which there is no interest in the subject: &lt;em&gt;Carlos III mandó construir ese edificio.&lt;/em&gt; (It’s not important who was entrusted with the construction.*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Seco says: &lt;em&gt;En el caso de sujeto independiente, este va, prácticamente, siempre detrás del verbo&lt;/em&gt; (if there is an independent subject – in subjective case – this almost always appears after the verb: &lt;em&gt;antes de poder &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; atraparlo.&lt;/em&gt;) Seco then says that only rarely does the subject appear before the verb, and gives this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por yo no saber nada, me sorprendieron.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My claim is that “antes de poder atraparlo” is a dangling infinitive which requires a specific subject to be fully grammatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T13:15:31.260" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23872" CreationDate="2018-01-16T13:40:38.877" Score="8" ViewCount="3227" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día me encontré con estos dos sinóminos de &lt;em&gt;repelús&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;repeluzno&lt;/em&gt; y  &lt;em&gt;repeluco&lt;/em&gt;, dos palabras desconocidas para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que las tres tienen la misma raíz pero en el diccionario no aparece la etimología de ninguna de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta principal es: ¿De dónde proviene &lt;em&gt;repelús&lt;/em&gt;? Pero también me interesaría saber si conocíais &lt;em&gt;repeluzno&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;repeluco&lt;/em&gt; y en qué paises, regiones o tiempo se utilizan esas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T14:27:30.430" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:19:00.813" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;repelús&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23856" CreationDate="2018-01-16T16:06:48.380" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que provienen de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W12ubuS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repeler&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, dada la coincidencia en la mayor parte de las letras de las palabras, y que repeler tiene la acepción:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. intr. Causar repugnancia o aversión. &lt;em&gt;Hay cosas que repelen&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W1FaqyI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repelús&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Temor indefinido o repugnancia que inspira algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T16:06:48.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23787" CreationDate="2018-01-16T18:25:15.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que también podría ser &lt;strong&gt;patón&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque se refiere a las patas de los animales, podría aplicarse a los pies de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patudo&lt;/strong&gt;, a veces tiene la connotación de confianzudo, un &lt;strong&gt;tipo patudo&lt;/strong&gt;, en este sentido, sería un hombre que se toma más atribuciones de las que debe respecto de alguna situación o de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:25:15.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23777" CreationDate="2018-01-16T18:43:33.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, I think it is a question of situational context, some, if not almost all, of your phrases could not work on certain situations (contexts) but do it in some others....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A piece of advice: whenever you tray to understand the meaning at a syntactic level, try first paraphrasing the sentence, for instance the sentence you give:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la casa de Juan? Es la casa de la esquina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the answer could be paraphrased (extended if you want) this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa de Juan&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;es la casa de la esquina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this way you can see that there was an elided subject at the answer, and from there realize that &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; in this case is working as a copulative verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this clarifies a little more the general issue....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:43:33.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23863" CreationDate="2018-01-16T18:58:22.250" Score="5" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente vi a una persona usar la palabra &quot;censurólogo&quot; que personalmente creí que no existía, pero la tipeo en el traductor de Google y la traduce como &quot;censorship&quot;. ¿Es una palabra en español válida o simplemente es un error del traductor de Google?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T20:08:36.590" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T07:43:01.303" Title="¿Existe la palabra &quot;censurólogo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23862" CreationDate="2018-01-16T21:12:32.830" Score="4" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish have words which can be pronounced with a different number of syllables? For example, in English one can pronounce &lt;code&gt;lightning&lt;/code&gt; with 2 syllables, meaning the companion of thunder, and 3 syllables, meaning brightening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if Spanish has such words as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18596" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T04:45:24.180" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T21:36:04.650" Title="Words with different pronunciations" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;sílabas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23861" CreationDate="2018-01-17T01:08:15.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, but they tend to be barely perceptible to the average speaker because they tend to be based on dialect. For example, the word &lt;em&gt;guion&lt;/em&gt; can be pronounced in one (/'gjon/) or two (/gi'on/) syllables. There is no change in meaning however.  As the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fubocfstcPJOpVEx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía&lt;/a&gt; points out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas secuencias &lt;sub&gt;[de vocal cerrada átona y vocal abierta tónica]&lt;/sub&gt;, que en España y en una parte de América se articulan en muchos vocablos como hiatos, se pronuncian, en cambio, como diptongos o integrando triptongos en otras zonas, especialmente en México, Centroamérica y parte de las áreas caribeña y andina.  Así palabras como &lt;em&gt;piano, enviar, guion, jesuita, diurno&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;fieis&lt;/em&gt; son silabeadas por unos hispnohablantes separando  las vocales contiguas en sílabas distintas: [pi.á.no], [em.bi.ár], [gi.ón], [je.su.í.ta], [di.úr.no], [fi.éis]; y por otros, agrupando las vocales dentro de la misma sílaba: [piá.no], [em.biár], [gión], [je.suí.ta], [diúr.no], [fiéis].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can have a hiatus in unstressed syllables and some speakers will have the resulting extra syllable. For example, any word with the prefix &lt;em&gt;bio-&lt;/em&gt; which can be either /bi.o/ or /bjo/.  The reasons for when someone would use one pronunciation or another are quite varied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La articulación de determinadas secuencias vocálicas dentro de la misma sílaba o en sílabas distintas no solo depende de la procedencia geográfica, sino que se ve influida asimismo por otros factores, como la posición que la secuencia ocupa dentro de la palabra, la velocidad de emisión, el mayor o meno esmero en la pronunciación, la etimología o la analogía con otras palabras de la misma familia léxica, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these differences are not (by design) indicated in writing except when they affect the stressed syllable (as in &lt;em&gt;vídeo ~ video&lt;/em&gt;, but those are spelt differently so they don't count as an answer to your question :-) ).  None of these will affect the meaning of the word, however, as can happen in English &lt;em&gt;read&lt;/em&gt; /riːd/ ~ &lt;em&gt;read&lt;/em&gt; /rɛd/. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T21:36:04.650" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T21:36:04.650" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23860" CreationDate="2018-01-17T07:43:01.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; aparece en el DLE. No completa, pero es una palabra bien formada mediante el uso del sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NZTxcTa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-logo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que aparece en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;‒́logo, ga&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. -lŏgus, y este del gr. -λόγος -lógos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'persona versada' o 'especialista' en lo que el primer elemento indica. &lt;em&gt;Zoólogo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;psicólogo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, según el diccionario, un &lt;em&gt;censurólogo&lt;/em&gt; es una persona versada o especialista en la censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los sufijos productivos, como -logo, nos permiten crear nuevas palabras bien formadas que son inmediatamente válidas, aunque no tengan entrada propia en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T07:43:01.303" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23864" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23865" CreationDate="2018-01-17T09:10:58.430" Score="3" ViewCount="23597" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando de pequeño teníamos que decidir pelota o campo tirábamos una moneda y lo decidíamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7NOG7x2#EySq20F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a cara o cruz&lt;/a&gt;. Por aquel entonces las monedas eran así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V5BL7m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V5BL7m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, por un lado estaba la cara (de aquel al que le tocara regir el país en ese momento), y por otro la cruz, que por eliminación era donde estaba el escudo con el valor de la moneda. La definición de &lt;em&gt;cruz&lt;/em&gt; parece apoyar esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BOPN2zP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cruz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Por oposición a las caras de las monedas, reverso en el que solían figurar los escudos de armas, generalmente divididos en cruz.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego parece que sí, la cara donde estaba el escudo es la cruz, y coincidía con la cara donde estaba el valor de la moneda. La definición de &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; es la que me ha sorprendido. Es sinónima de &lt;em&gt;anverso&lt;/em&gt; así que pongo esa definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30HLHxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;anverso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En las monedas y medallas, haz que se considera principal por llevar el busto de una persona o por otro motivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendió que la cara principal de una moneda fuese donde estaba la efigie. Yo habría dicho tranquilamente que la cara principal es donde está el valor de la misma. Y de hecho, teniendo en cuenta que en las actuales monedas de euro en muchas de ellas no hay una cara con una &quot;cara&quot; (es decir, la cara de una persona), hoy día parece que es normal que cuando se juega algo a &quot;cara o cruz&quot; hay que acordar previamente cuál es la cara y cuál es la cruz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nb3IJ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nb3IJ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, hay algunas monedas que literalmente tienen un dibujo de una cruz en donde tradicionalmente estaba la cara. Así pues, me surgen algunas dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe alguna denominación alternativa para las caras de la moneda que no dé lugar a confusión? Por ejemplo, en el ámbito de la numismática que estarán más acostumbrados a tratar con monedas de todo el mundo; o tal vez alguna usada en Hispanoamérica que desconozca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definiciones de la RAE aparte, en la calle ¿qué se entiende como &quot;cara&quot; o &quot;cruz&quot;? Tengo un amigo que afirma que la cara de la moneda es donde está el valor, y la cruz es &quot;lo de atrás&quot;. A fin de cuentas, para la gente de a pie lo importante de una moneda (lo &quot;principal&quot; a efectos prácticos) es saber cuánto vale.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T10:13:54.237" LastActivityDate="2019-05-27T16:34:35.650" Title="La cara y la cruz de las monedas" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23864" CreationDate="2018-01-17T10:14:44.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Existe alguna denominación alternativa para las caras de la moneda que no dé lugar a confusión?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los términos habituales para referirse a las caras de una moneda son: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7NOG7x2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cara&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30HLHxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;anverso&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HhHgjQW#7hvT3jg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K3eNwLc#8iPwVBS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haz&lt;/a&gt; (para el lado con el motivo principal); y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BOPN2zP#K07kIKE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cruz&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WOCkWYg#DsnM7jN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reverso&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FsOGZF4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;envés&lt;/a&gt; (para el lado con el motivo secundario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los más técnicos son &lt;em&gt;anverso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;reverso&lt;/em&gt;; los que menos llevan a confusión suelen ser &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cruz&lt;/em&gt;, siempre que la moneda muestre físicamente una cara o una cruz que tomar como referencia. &lt;em&gt;Faz&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de cara, y &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;envés&lt;/em&gt; se toman por analogía con las caras de la hoja de una planta (aunque &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt; también es sinónimo de cara y, como tal, a veces se usa de forma genérica para referirse a cualquiera de las dos caras de la moneda, como puede verse en algunas de las definiciones enlazadas).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final, como todo depende de lo que consideremos &quot;principal&quot;, en cierto modo es algo subjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Definiciones de la RAE aparte, en la calle ¿qué se entiende como &quot;cara&quot; o &quot;cruz&quot;? Tengo un amigo que afirma que la cara de la moneda es donde está el valor, y la cruz es &quot;lo de atrás&quot;. A fin de cuentas, para la gente de a pie lo importante de una moneda (lo &quot;principal&quot; a efectos prácticos) es saber cuánto vale.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí solo puedo darte una respuesta subjetiva. Para mí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Siempre que una moneda lleve una cara o efigie en uno de sus lados, ésa es la &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el caso de las monedas de euro, para mí la cara es la que diferencia un país de otro, pues en las de mayor valor es la que muestra la cara del Rey (o &lt;a href=&quot;https://eurocoinland.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/2e-conmemorativos-espana-2-2014-proclamacion-de-s-m-el-rey-felipe-vi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los Reyes&lt;/a&gt;) y no voy a estar cambiando de criterio según la moneda sea de 2 euros o de 50 céntimos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En general, para cualquier moneda que tenga un dibujo mínimamente elaborado en un lado, y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bJeLxWG#AIqto56&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;valor facial&lt;/a&gt; en el otro lado, la &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; es la del dibujo, y la &lt;em&gt;cruz&lt;/em&gt; la del valor. Este criterio es el que se suele seguir en numismática, por cierto (aunque resulte algo irónico que la &lt;em&gt;cruz&lt;/em&gt; sea la que tiene el valor &lt;em&gt;facial&lt;/em&gt; :D).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.todocoleccion.net/monedas-locales/ficha-mallorca-valor-20-letras-gts-anverso-reverso-jc-diametro-30-mm-clasificar~x25166354&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monedas hiper mega simples&lt;/a&gt;, lo cierto es que no hay una regla definida. Se llama &lt;em&gt;cara&lt;/em&gt; al lado que más importante nos parezca, y ya está.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En última instancia, si vamos a usar la moneda para decidir &lt;em&gt;a cara o cruz&lt;/em&gt;, acordamos cuál es la cara antes de lanzarla :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T10:14:44.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23830" CreationDate="2018-01-17T18:06:27.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me caes bien.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is always a safe choice.  It can be the foundation of a deeper relationship, and spouses can still even say it to each other!  But it's eminently safe because two mates will also say it to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what would be a good way to document the meaning in context, but if you look at the usage examples in linguee.com, that might help convince you: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=me+caes+bien&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=me+caes+bien&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T18:06:27.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-17T19:43:34.297" Score="2" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would the sentence &quot;Sin duda Bardem será nominado de nuevo para los Oscar&quot; be rewritten in the active voice? In English I can't even think what it would be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T20:54:55.663" Title="What is &quot;Bardem será nominado para los Oscar&quot; in the active voice?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23867" CreationDate="2018-01-17T20:54:55.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Academy / They will nominate Bardem for the Oscars.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can also say in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La Academia nominará / Nominarán a Bardem para los Oscar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T20:54:55.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22907" CreationDate="2018-01-18T07:51:47.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using direct and indirect objects together, if they both begin with the letter L, the L in the indirect object is changed to an S. For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él se lo dice a Juan.&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; would replace Juan, but since &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; both begin with an L, it is changed to an S.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18605" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T08:48:20.930" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T08:48:20.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23873" CreationDate="2018-01-18T09:15:48.230" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;De los creadores de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23854/origen-de-la-expresi%C3%B3n-ir-a-tabla&quot;&gt;ir a tabla&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, nos llega ahora... &quot;&lt;strong&gt;medir&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando entras a un barco, nada más entrar por la puerta, el bao &lt;strong&gt;te mide&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4z6Js1g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;baos&lt;/a&gt; son unos travesaños en los que se apoya la cubierta del barco. Por tanto, cuando entras al interior del casco del barco, los baos son como vigas en el techo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la expresión anterior, &lt;em&gt;«el bao &lt;strong&gt;te mide&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;«el bao &lt;strong&gt;te golpea en la cabeza&lt;/strong&gt;»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entiendo la analogía: si eres bajito/a no te das, y si eres alto/a sí. El bao es el que &quot;mide&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=63pF2Fd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por las bravas&lt;/a&gt;, jeje) si cabes o no... Pero vaya, que no lo había oído nunca. En el DLE, por descontado, no viene ninguna acepción de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Om9ZDVF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;medir&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como &quot;golpear en la cabeza&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Habíais oído alguna vez esta expresión, o parecida, en un sentido tan... físico?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es de uso común en otras zonas, o es que este hombre se va inventando las expresiones sobre la marcha?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T11:12:44.983" Title="¿Uso de &quot;medir&quot; para indicar que algo te golpea en la cabeza?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23856" CreationDate="2018-01-18T11:02:05.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;repelús&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (primera aparición: 1985) viene de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W1ImmkL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repeluzno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (p. a.: 1947), significando &quot;escalofrío&quot;; la cual casi con toda seguridad es una derivación (posiblemente influenciada por &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W12ubuS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;repeler&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, o simplemente se añade la R como refuerzo) de:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GYMnRAW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;espeluzno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (p. a.: 1853), con el mismo significado; la cual a su vez viene de:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GYJayZm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;espeluznar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (p. a.: 1787):  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Descomponer, desordenar el pelo de la cabeza, de la felpa, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Erizar el pelo o las plumas. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Espantar, causar horror. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología de &quot;espeluznar&quot;, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?espeluznar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;, es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El prefijo &lt;b&gt;es&lt;/b&gt;-, derivado del latín &lt;i&gt;ex&lt;/i&gt;- (hacia fuera), como en &lt;em&gt;escapar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;escupir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;estorbar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;b&gt;pel&lt;/b&gt;o, del latín &lt;i&gt;pilus&lt;/i&gt;, de donde tenemos las palabras &lt;em&gt;cabello&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pelear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;peluca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;peliento&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;en pelota&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El verbo la&lt;b&gt;zr&lt;/b&gt;ar (padecer, sufrir, martirizar), de &lt;em&gt;lacerar&lt;/em&gt; y este del latín &lt;i&gt;lacerare&lt;/i&gt; (trocear, hacer pedazos, quebrar, también en sentido figurado quebrantar, atormentar y hacer sufrir).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La terminación -&lt;b&gt;ar&lt;/b&gt;, usada para nombrar verbos como en &lt;em&gt;asombrar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desvainar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T11:02:05.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23870" CreationDate="2018-01-18T11:12:44.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La he oído muy pocas veces, pero se entiende perfectamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viene de la analogía con el proceso de medirte la altura. Cuando te miden la altura, normalmente se hace sobre una cinta métrica sobre la pared, o cualquier escala graduada desplegada en vertical. Pues bien, para situar correctamente la marca, normalmente se toma un objeto plano, como por ejemplo una carpeta, para colocarlo sobre la cabeza, y se mira dónde coincide con la escala graduada. De ahí se toma el dato de tu altura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, es un dicho que viene a significar que la viga hace las veces de esa carpeta, es decir, que queda rasante con la línea de tu cabeza. Desconozco si en otras zonas fuera de España se lleva este significado más lejos y se aplica también cuando tu cabeza la sobrepasa, pero no hay duda de que la expresión viene de ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T11:12:44.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23875" CreationDate="2018-01-18T11:22:00.570" Score="2" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I believe the line below translates to, &lt;em&gt;Love what you do&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not entirely sure why the &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is needed but more than that I'm confused by its position in the sentence. I though direct object pronouns either come before the verb or can be attached to the end of an infinite verb (if there are two verbs)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ama lo que haces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:14:17.877" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T04:28:01.140" Title="Sentence structure with &quot;ama lo que haces&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23874" CreationDate="2018-01-18T12:11:08.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a different &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;. The one you refer to is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NWnohQu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3rd person personal pronoun&lt;/a&gt;, which is used to refer to something or someone mentioned before and different from the one who speaks or writes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te pediré perdón, aunque no te &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; creas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A su señoría &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; aprecian mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in &quot;Ama lo que haces,&quot; &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ESraxkH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neuter form of the articles &lt;em&gt;el, la&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. It is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before adjectives.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le encanta &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; étnico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before complements with the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me explicaste &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; de ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before relative clauses (as in your example).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No te interesa &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que dice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has other uses you can check in the DLE link above (ckeck the definitions 9-11 marked as &lt;code&gt;art. deter. n.&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T20:03:18.580" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T20:03:18.580" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23847" CreationDate="2018-01-18T12:21:51.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, &lt;em&gt;fecha&lt;/em&gt; es exclusivamente para describir año, mes y día. Nunca contempla el uso en conjunto con la hora. Por ello, si descartamos el mundo de la informática, jamás existe la confusión entre &lt;em&gt;fecha&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;fecha y hora&lt;/em&gt;, sencillamente porque no existe un concepto unificador para el segundo término.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Respecto de la informática, debido a que en ésta existen registros que permiten incorporar simultáneamente la información de fecha y hora, es que en inglés (idioma más flexible que el español) surgen dos palabras, &lt;em&gt;datetime&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;timestamp&lt;/em&gt;, que describen justamente la información completa de fecha y hora, además de un mal llamado comando, &lt;em&gt;date&lt;/em&gt;, que refleja también esa información en conjunto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En el ámbito informático, el español toma prestadas las palabras del inglés, por ello generalmente yo escucho alguna de esas palabras en inglés cuando se habla de fecha y hora en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:21:51.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23881" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:12:08.590" Score="4" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The game is over!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Seems like 7 char ought to be enough for anybody, according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23877/translation-golf-xxix-640-kb/23881#23881&quot;&gt;Alicia's winning answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's try something really really short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;640k ought to be enough for anybody.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(29 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This quote is famously attributed to Bill Gates, though such attribution is often &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Talk:Bill_Gates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disputed&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example, non-golfed translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; 640 kB deberían ser suficientes para cualquiera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(42 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T13:36:50.433" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T13:36:50.433" Title="Translation Golf XXIX - 640 kB" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:02:36.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23877" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:35:50.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;18&lt;/strike&gt; 13 characters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5BD5w98&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bastarían&lt;/a&gt; 640k.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T15:31:49.977" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T15:31:49.977" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:02:36.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23877" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:00:42.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;17&lt;/s&gt; 11 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;640Kb es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3vD99BM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;asaz&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T12:38:54.563" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:00:42.683" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23877" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:12:15.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;16 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;640k llegan a todos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta versión convierte un poco en afirmación la frase original, que es un condicional, pero creo que mantiene completamente el sentido. Utiliza la undécima acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NV155vl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;llegar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cantidad: &lt;strong&gt;Ser suficiente&lt;/strong&gt;. Con medio metro más de tela llegaría para dos cortinas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde luego hay una versión aun más corta (10 caracteres) que sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;640k llegan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero posiblemente toma demasiado del contexto. Podría ser que &amp;quot;640k llegan&amp;quot; para la tarea específica que quieres hacer, en lugar de &amp;quot;a todos nos debería llegar con tal cantidad para cualquier cosa que queramos hacer&amp;quot;. Por eso propongo solo la primera, que creo que sí que recoge el sentido de &amp;quot;esta cantidad a todos nos debería ser suficiente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T14:12:15.383" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:12:15.383" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23877" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:15:43.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;7 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;640k y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que no se dice lo de &amp;quot;a todos&amp;quot;, a vosotros os corresponderá decidir si es aceptable o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: acabo de ver de dónde viene la frase en el enlace del OP. Entiendo pues que se trataría aproximadamente de una repuesta a la pregunta &amp;quot;¿cuánta memoria de programa es necesaria a la hora de diseñar este ordenador?&amp;quot;, por lo tanto en el texto original en realidad creo que no es tan importante ni significativo el complemento indirecto &amp;quot;for anybody&amp;quot;. Y así, la respuesta &amp;quot;640k y ya&amp;quot; sería una respuesta con el mismo significado e intención que la original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T14:21:23.930" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:15:43.500" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23877" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:43:01.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10 Characters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;640K Bastan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12 Characters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;640K Alcanzan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T14:43:01.387" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-18T14:43:01.387" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23883" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:54:40.250" Score="4" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he comido en un sitio que tenía un menú del día que advertía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los menús van acompañados de refresco o cerveza y café o helado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchos lenguajes de programación el operador &lt;code&gt;AND&lt;/code&gt; tiene más precedencia que &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt;, y por tanto la frase se entendería como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los menús van acompañados de (refresco) o (cerveza y café) o (helado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la idea que plantea el menú depende de que sabemos que, en primer lugar, están hablando de bebidas con las que acompañar la comida y, en segundo lugar, de cosas que tomar tras la misma. Luego en realidad la frase es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos los menús van acompañados de (refresco o cerveza) y (café o helado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en este caso la forma de resolver la frase está clara, pero en otros casos puede no estarlo. ¿Cuál sería la forma de redactar la frase para que no incurra en malinterpretaciones? ¿Existe alguna &quot;precedencia de operadores lógicos&quot; definida en el idioma español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T19:00:44.613" Title="Precedencia de operadores lógicos en el idioma español" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23883" CreationDate="2018-01-18T15:54:18.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer la precedencia se va aplicando a los grupos menos desplazados en primer lugar y despues a los grupos mas desplazados, pero, en caso de que exista la ambigüedad y estemos usando un operador más de una vez debemos, de utilizar &quot;la coma&quot; o &quot;el punto y coma&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para : (refresco) o (cerveza y café) o (helado) : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Refresco; cerveza y café o helado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para : (refresco o cerveza) y (café o helado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Refresco o cerveza y café o helado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T15:02:58.093" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T15:02:58.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23874" CreationDate="2018-01-18T20:17:32.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The existing answer is great, but since you are feeling confused about the two functions of &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;, I am going to write a supplementary answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see it in a sentence, without &quot;que&quot;, it's a plain old pronoun.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Préstame tu libro, por favor.  Prometo leerlo rápido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lend me your book, please.  I promise to read it quickly.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;-- ¿Dónde está mi lápiz?  ¡No lo encuentro!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- Está en la mesa, junto al cuaderno.  ¿No lo ves?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Where's my pencil?  I can't find it!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;It's on the table, next to the notebook.  Don't you see it?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you see it with &quot;que&quot;, then it's like in your sentence (&quot;Ama lo que haces&quot;).  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que no entiendo es el tercer problema de página 127. | &lt;em&gt;What I don't understand is the third problem on page 127.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que entiendo lo que propones. | &lt;em&gt;I think I understand what you're proposing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @mdewey commented, it can be helpful to think of it as meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;that which&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I think I understand that which you're proposing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T04:28:01.140" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T04:28:01.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23847" CreationDate="2018-01-18T20:57:28.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que se utiliza la palabra muy rara &lt;em&gt;cronomarcador&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;em&gt;fecha y hora&lt;/em&gt; pero probablemente sólo en el ámbito informático, y especialmente en relación con SAP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo aquí es un extracto de une respuesta encontrada en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mundosap.com/foro/showthread.php?t=3581&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro de usuarios de SAP&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes el elemento de datos TZNTSTMPS &amp;quot;Cronomarcador UTC en forma breve (AAAAMMDDhhmmss)&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tienes el TZNTIMESTP &amp;quot;Cronomarcador (fecha + hora)&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación un uso sin relación con SAP, pero se trata mas de un dispositivo que fije la fecha y hora en lugar de la fecha y hora misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/15775506/Cap%C3%ADtulo_5_Inspecciones_de_Establecimientos_SUBCAP%C3%8DTULO_5.3_DESARROLLO_DE_EVIDENCIAS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;5.3.4.2.6.7 - Cronomarcador&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El reloj interno dentro de la cámara que registra la información de hora y fecha en el archivo de la imagen. Fije el cronomarcador para el lugar donde se toman las fotografías o videos. En este uso, el cronomarcador no se refiere a imprimir la hora y fecha dentro de la imagen fotográfica, aunque también pueden serlo, tal y como pueden hacerlo algunas cámaras a película&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Postdata: ¡Por favor no duden en corregir mi español!&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T00:39:04.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23893" CreationDate="2018-01-19T00:34:39.247" Score="4" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find natural-sounding ways of saying things like: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Let me know if there is anything you need help with&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Tell me if there's something I can help you with&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my basic Spanish, I would probably just come up with something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;Dime si necesitas ayuda con algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;Dime si hay algo con que yo puedo ayudarte.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am wondering how native speakers might communicate this. What are common/idiomatic ways of expressing this? (particularly in Mexico or other Central American countries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="5307" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T00:51:51.930" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T02:25:10.937" Title="Common/idiomatic ways of saying &quot;Tell me if there's anything you need help with.&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T01:35:12.430" Score="8" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; means “should.”  The abomination called Google Translate apparently had the same teachers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in reading Spanish laws, I see this word used for things that are &lt;strong&gt;required&lt;/strong&gt;, and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bu2rLyz%7CBu8i6DA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt; offers four definitions showing an &lt;strong&gt;obligation&lt;/strong&gt; (and two that have no connection with “should”).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are good words to use for something advisable but &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; mandatory?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14028" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T05:27:26.240" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T17:30:39.477" Title="“Should” (not must)" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23895" CreationDate="2018-01-19T03:25:19.800" Score="2" ViewCount="1005" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to undertstand this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; me olvidaron las llaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can roughly figure out the meaning of &quot;&lt;em&gt;I forgot the keys&lt;/em&gt;, but I can't understand the usage of &quot;&lt;em&gt;se me olvidaron&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the usage of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; me olvidaron&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the usage the same as this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lo dice/dicen que ... (It is said that ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T06:29:39.867" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T10:06:34.553" Title="What's the usage of &quot;se&quot; in &quot;se me olvidaron&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23890" CreationDate="2018-01-19T04:55:00.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, you could say this sentence in two ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Olvidé las llaves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Se me olvidaron las llaves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case, you are the subject of the sentence. It could be because you purposely forgot them or because you accidentally forgot them, but &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; forgot the keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, however, the subject is the keys being lost. You are the one being affected by the accident. In this sentence, the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is an accidental &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, showing that without a doubt, it was an accident. That you didn't mean to forget the keys. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Se me olvidaron las llaves&lt;/em&gt;&quot; basically translates to &quot;&lt;em&gt;The keys were forgotten to me.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18605" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T04:55:00.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23889" CreationDate="2018-01-19T06:02:03.503" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best and most precise translation for &quot;should&quot; is &lt;em&gt;debería(s)&lt;/em&gt;, it's important to mention that &lt;em&gt;debería(s)&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; are actually different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deber&lt;/em&gt; is used and conjugated when something is mandatory, whereas &lt;em&gt;debería(s)&lt;/em&gt; is a special conjugation of &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; used only for advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to conjugate &lt;em&gt;deber&lt;/em&gt; when something is advisable is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I should - Yo debería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should -Tú deberías&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He should - Él debería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;She should - Ella debería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should - Eso debería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We should - Nosotros deberíamos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You (plural) should - Uds. deberían&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They should - Ellos deberían &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18610" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T17:30:39.477" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T17:30:39.477" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23888" CreationDate="2018-01-19T07:30:47.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the options that you propose are valid, only that in the second case I would use the subjunctive instead of the indicative, and I would elide the pronoun &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;. I would also consider the variant &lt;em&gt;lo que&lt;/em&gt; for the relative pronoun, although it is not mandatory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime si hay algo con (lo) que &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; ayudarte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest another version of the phrase where the word order changes a little bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime si puedo ayudarte con/en algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option, rephrasing it completely, and kind of shorter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dime si puedo hacer algo por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This last version has a wider application, but you can use it in the context that you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T07:30:47.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2018-01-19T10:24:19.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la pregunta no «trata» (versa) sobre los posibles significados del verbo tratar (lo que necesitaría una respuesta mas prolija, sino del significado concreto de la expresión «se trata de».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto sólo a este caso, todos los ejemplos de la pregunta son &lt;strong&gt;equivalentes al verbo «ser»&lt;/strong&gt;, refiriéndose a algo antes mencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eran todos hombres libres y &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; un feudo feliz y próspero (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; una cuestión de reconquistar las tres islas (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquello sucedía porque había olvidado por un momento que &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; un juego de ajedrez (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los «bitcoins» están de moda. &lt;strong&gt;Se trata de&lt;/strong&gt; una criptomoneda que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los «bitcoins» están de moda. &lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; una criptomoneda que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro significado podría ser «se intenta»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mismo se trata de desviar el tráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mismo se intenta desviar el tráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien dar a alguien un tratamiento o calificación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se trata de usted al cliente, aunque sea un cretino!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Se le da el tratamiento de usted al cliente, aunque sea un cretino!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Tratar de» también puede significar que «habla o versa de un asunto», pero no en forma impersonal reflexiva («una obra trata de ...», no «una obra &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; trata de ...». Nótese que en ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shakespeare escribió Romeo y Julieta. Se trata de una historia de amor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... se puede entender perfectamente con este sentido («se trata de» = «habla de» o «versa sobre» pero en realidad no deja de ser el primer caso («se trata de» = «es» ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shakespeare escribió Romeo y Julieta. Es una historia de amor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:34:29.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23890" CreationDate="2018-01-19T12:40:29.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &quot;olvidar&quot; (to forget) has many ways :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1- Transitiv Verb:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo olvidé la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; en casa. (I forgot the purse at home)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The subject &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; (I) is the one that &lt;strong&gt;olvida&lt;/strong&gt; (forgot), direct complement &lt;strong&gt;la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; (the purse), is the thing &lt;strong&gt;olvidado&lt;/strong&gt; (forgotten).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2- Pronominal Intransitiv Verb (&lt;strong&gt;olvidarse&lt;/strong&gt;) (forget)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Se me olvidó la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; en casa. (I forgot the purse at home (no translation))&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The subject &lt;strong&gt;la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; (the purse) is what has been &lt;strong&gt;olvidado&lt;/strong&gt; (forgotten), the indirect complement &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; (yo) (I) is the one who forgets; &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is a part of the verb and has no grammatical function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3- Pronominal Intransitiv Verb + de (of/to):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo me olvidé de&lt;/strong&gt; traer la cartera. (I forgot to bring the purse)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  The subject &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; (I) is the one that &lt;strong&gt;forgets&lt;/strong&gt;, the forgotten thing is presented by &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; (of/to); &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; (I) is a part of the verb and has no grammatical function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at the conjugations for Olvidar and Olvidarse (In example: yo me olvido (I forget (myself)), tu te olvidas (Thou/you forget (thy/your self)), él se olvida (he forget (himself)), nos. nos olvidamos (we forget (ourselves)), vos. os olvidáis (you forget (yourself)), ellos se olvidan (they forget (themselves)))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info with all the possible uses fo &quot;SE&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=se&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;olvidar&quot; admite varias construcciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1- Verbo Transitivo:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo olvidé la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; en casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El sujeto &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; es quien &lt;strong&gt;olvida&lt;/strong&gt;, objeto directo &lt;strong&gt;la cartera&lt;/strong&gt;, es lo &lt;strong&gt;olvidado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2- Verbo Intransitivo Pronominal (&lt;strong&gt;olvidarse&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Se me olvidó la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; en casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El sujeto &lt;strong&gt;la cartera&lt;/strong&gt; es lo &lt;strong&gt;olvidado&lt;/strong&gt;, el objeto indirecto &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; (yo) es quien olvida; &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; forma parte del verbo y no tiene función gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3- Verbo Intransitivo Pronominal + de:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Yo me olvidé de&lt;/strong&gt; traer la cartera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El sujeto &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; es quien &lt;strong&gt;olvida&lt;/strong&gt;, lo olvidado viene introducido por &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; forma parte del verbo y no tiene función gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ver conjugaciones de Olvidar y Olvidarse (por ejemplo: yo me olvido, tu te olvidas, él se olvida, nos. nos olvidamos, vos. os olvidáis, ellos se olvidan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info con todos los usos de SE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=se&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;RAE&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastEditorUserId="15319" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T09:26:45.450" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T09:26:45.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23896" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T12:58:54.907" Score="6" ViewCount="504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am watching &lt;em&gt;La casa de papel&lt;/em&gt; (in Spanish with subtitles in my language because my Spanish is not that good), and I have noticed that two characters, father and son (Moscú and Denver, for those who know the show), speak what I believe is some dialect or variant of Spanish, whose most evident phonological trait seems to be the fact that they omit several “s” sounds. They omit them pretty systematically at the end of the words and sometimes in the middle: &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;etar&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;vamo&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;entonces&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;entonce&lt;/em&gt;, several plurals (&lt;em&gt;pelotas&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;pelota&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;palmeras&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;palmera&lt;/em&gt;), and so on. &lt;em&gt;Estás&lt;/em&gt; is almost &lt;em&gt;ta&lt;/em&gt;. I hear other omissions too (&lt;em&gt;todo&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;), but it might just be due to speaking fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know which dialect or variant of Spanish might that be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16940" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T13:14:57.020" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:55:06.637" Title="Spanish dialect that omits some “s”s" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23896" CreationDate="2018-01-19T15:11:55.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;That definitely sounds like an Andalusian accent. I confirmed that the actor that plays Moscú is Paco Tous. He was born in Seville (as I was) and raised in El Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz). Both cities are located in Andalusia, and Paco does not hide his local accent (many actors do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T15:11:55.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2018-01-19T20:05:06.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La carne es el único ingreso para ellos&quot; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/por-vs-para&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/por-vs-para&lt;/a&gt; &quot;In Spanish, both por and para take on the responsibilities of not only for, but also by, on, through, because of, in exchange for, in order to, and several other prepositions and phrases.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18615" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:05:06.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23248" CreationDate="2018-01-19T20:08:38.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lawlessspanish.com/vocabulary/expressions/ex-salir.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.lawlessspanish.com/vocabulary/expressions/ex-salir.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;salir a: &quot;to come out to (price)&quot; or &quot;to take after, resemble&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;salir de: &quot;to leave&quot; or &quot;to come from (e.g., salt comes from seawater)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18615" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:08:38.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23896" CreationDate="2018-01-19T20:55:06.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just watched a few scenes with both characters in them. They sound like uneducated southern Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moscú has an Andalusian undertone, which makes sense, as Charlie points out the actor himself is Andalusian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8483" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T20:55:06.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23890" CreationDate="2018-01-20T02:15:39.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Athough &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Olvidar%20y%20olvidarse%20de.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this source&lt;/a&gt; confirms, in its first part, what Billeeb said in his answer, I am more inclined to believe -- as can be seen in the last part of the same source I just quoted -- that in &amp;quot;se me olvidaron las llaves&amp;quot; the particle &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; denotes a passive meaning, so &amp;quot;olvidaron&amp;quot; is actually transitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel Seco says that: (1) &amp;quot;olvidar&amp;quot; can be transitive (&amp;quot;olvidar algo&amp;quot;) or pronominal and intransitive, in which case it takes the preposition &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;olvidarse de algo&amp;quot;) -- we also have the transitive &amp;quot;olvidarse algo&amp;quot;, where the particle &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; has emotional value, so to speak; (2) &amp;quot;olvidársele (a alguien) algo&amp;quot; is passive and transitive, with &amp;quot;algo&amp;quot; being the subject of the passive and the forgetful person being the indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. Construcción: olvidé el paraguas; olvidé hacerlo; olvidé que era fiesta; me olvidé del paraguas, me olvidé de hacerlo; me olvidé de que era fiesta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la forma pronominal (olvidarse), no debe omitirse la preposición &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; en la lengua escrita o formal: &amp;quot;Me olvidé que tenía invitados&amp;quot;, por &amp;quot;Me olvidé de que tenía invitados&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, esta omisión se acepta en la lengua hablada, y por otra parte no son raros los ejemplos en la literatura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. Al lado de los casos a que se refiere el apartado anterior, en que el verbo es activo y su sujeto es de persona, hay otras construcciones en que el verbo es pronominal pasivo (o “pasivo reflejo”) y tiene un sujeto que designa la cosa olvidada. En estas construcciones hay un pronombre personal complemento de interés, que representa a la persona olvidadiza: Se nos olvidaron las fotos; Se le olvidó hacerlo; No se os olvide que mañana es fiesta. Se distinguen estas construcciones por la presencia del pronombre &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; seguido de otro pronombre personal átono (me, te, le, nos, os, les), y por el verbo siempre en tercera persona en concordancia singular o plural con la cosa olvidada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My claim that &amp;quot;se me olvidaron las llaves&amp;quot; is passive transitive is based on the fact that in other similar constructions the verb will be clearly intransitive, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me cayeron las llaves. (Las llaves cayeron: The keys fell)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me olvidaron las llaves,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we have: Las llaves fueron olvidadas (which is clearly passive: The keys were left behind).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T10:06:34.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23890" CreationDate="2018-01-20T05:16:29.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @gustavson but will write a simpler answer for anyone who might benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say we are just coming home from visiting Aunt Leticia who lives an hour away.  We discover we are without house keys because they got left behind at Aunt Leticia's house.  Let's write a passive sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las llaves se olvidaron allá, en casa de mi Tía Leticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we get to be a bit picturesque because Spanish allows us to do this, and we will add an indirect object that shows whom this terrible thing happened to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las llaves se nos olvidaron en casa de mi Tía Leticia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common variant of this is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las llaves se nos quedaron en casa de mi Tía Leticia. | &lt;em&gt;The keys got left behind at Aunt Leticia's house [and that affected US].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The implication is that we are the dummies that made the boo-boo, or the poor idiots who had the bad luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Gustavson pointed out, this construction is similar to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me cayó el lápiz. | &lt;em&gt;The pencil fell [which affected ME].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a similar construction in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then she up and died on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this has some differences from the &lt;em&gt;llaves&lt;/em&gt; construction, it's a nice example of how the person affected can show up in a picturesque expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Turning now to your Question 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the usage the same as this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se lo dice/dicen que ... (&lt;em&gt;It is said that&lt;/em&gt; ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be the same, I guess, except that &amp;quot;Se lo dice&amp;quot; doesn't work.  &amp;quot;It is said&amp;quot; would be expressed in Spanish as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:42:03.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23889" CreationDate="2018-01-20T06:10:02.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed in English that some words that are used informally to mean one thing don't necessarily have a one-to-one correspondence in the realm of precise legal writing.  I would imagine the situation is similar for precise legal writing in Spanish as well.  So I don't think you should assume that what you see in a legal context will exactly carry over to everyday speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please do continue to take Google Translate with a grain of salt. I suggest you take a look at linguee.com when you want to get a quick panoramic view of equivalences between two languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sphere of words that provide advice, instructions, requirements and reproaches is pretty large in both languages, with lots of overlap and opportunities for confusion and misunderstandings.  Choice and interpretation involve weighing some subtle differences.  When trying to translate in one direction or the other in this particular sphere, the following are particularly true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(a)&lt;/strong&gt; context is important; and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(b)&lt;/strong&gt; certain patterns have been established, and pattern recognition allows us to communicate with a fairly good rate of success despite so much overlap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to write a treatise on all the different permutations and meanings but I will try to give you a little taste, from the informal language world, not the legal world.  I'll write a few illustrative sentences but keep in mind that on both sides, there is often more than one way of expressing the idea.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manolito, ya sabes, &lt;strong&gt;debes&lt;/strong&gt; quitarte las botas en la entrada y dejarlas en el tapete. | &lt;em&gt;Manolito, you know &lt;strong&gt;you're supposed to&lt;/strong&gt; take your boots off in the entrance and leave them on the mat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es tarde, &lt;strong&gt;debería&lt;/strong&gt; acostarme ya, pero esta pregunta es interesante. | &lt;em&gt;It's late, I &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; [OR &lt;strong&gt;ought to&lt;/strong&gt;] go to bed, but this question is interesting.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De veras &lt;strong&gt;hay que&lt;/strong&gt; llegar con máximo 15 minutos de retraso, si no, la doctora no los verá, son súper estrictos en este consultorio. | You really &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; [OR &lt;strong&gt;have to&lt;/strong&gt;] arrive no more than 15 minutes late, because otherwise, the doctor won't see you.  They're incredibly strict in this medical office.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando empieza a hervir, &lt;strong&gt;tienes que&lt;/strong&gt; bajar la lumbre. | &lt;em&gt;When it starts to boil, you &lt;strong&gt;have to&lt;/strong&gt; turn down the heat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note: this is a bit stronger than &lt;em&gt;debes bajar la lumbre&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;you have to turn down the heat.&lt;/em&gt;  Similarly, &quot;Tengo que irme ya&quot; is stronger than &quot;Debo irme ya.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No me contestaron.  ¿&lt;strong&gt;Debo&lt;/strong&gt; llamar otra vez? | There was no answer.  &lt;strong&gt;Should&lt;/strong&gt; I try again?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es imprescindible entregar algo antes de la medianoche, si no, saco cero en esta tarea. | It's imperative to hand something in by midnight; otherwise, I'll get a zero on this homework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Forzosamente tienes que cortarte las uñas aquí? | &lt;em&gt;Must you cut your fingernails in here?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things can get more complicated, e.g. &quot;debería haber incluido este ejemplo&quot; and &lt;em&gt;debías llamar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If things get confusing, the following can be helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es obligatorio....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es recomendable que ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sería buena idea ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Note about legal language: As a parent with no legal training, one of my Office for Civil Rights education disability complaints failed because my son's 504 plan used the verb &quot;should&quot; instead of &quot;must&quot; or &quot;will.&quot;  I have never forgiven the investigators for failing to understand that the people who sit around the table writing the 504 plan are not lawyers.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T14:47:31.717" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T14:47:31.717" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-20T08:20:58.620" Score="3" ViewCount="1140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what does &quot;la&quot; change and if one of these forms is incorrect or more commonly used. And also, could you give me their definitions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T09:04:50.127" LastActivityDate="2020-03-29T18:40:26.853" Title="What is the difference between &quot;darse vuelta&quot; and &quot;darse la vuelta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23906" CreationDate="2018-01-20T08:56:46.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had never heard &lt;em&gt;darse vuelta&lt;/em&gt; (without the article), but I assume it's the American variation of &lt;em&gt;darse la vuelta&lt;/em&gt; (Spain). It has more occurrences &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=darse%20la%20vuelta%2C%20darse%20vuelta&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdarse%20la%20vuelta%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cdarse%20vuelta%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on Ngram&lt;/a&gt; (not surprising, as American speakers are many more than European Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the examples I've checked on Google, I would say the meaning is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T08:56:46.547" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23917" CreationDate="2018-01-20T09:24:45.980" Score="2" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;From time to time I've learned that the two imperfect subjunctive conjugations and the future subjunctive are formed from preterit indicative. For example: &lt;em&gt;(ir/ser) fue -&gt; fuera/fuese/fuere&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;(hacer) hice -&gt; hiciera/hiciese/hiciere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows me to easily conjugate a verb into imperfect or future subjunctive tense as long as I know one of its preterit conjugations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder what the &quot;root&quot; of present subjunctive is. Is it (first person singular present indicative) or (3rd-singular/1st-plural/3rd-plural imperative)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Those three imperative conjugations seems to always be from the same root. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Editado: first person singular is &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt; (yo soy, yo estoy), third person singular is &lt;strong&gt;él/ella/ud&lt;/strong&gt; (él es, ella tiene), first person plural is &lt;strong&gt;nosotros&lt;/strong&gt; (vayámonos), third person plural is &lt;strong&gt;ellos/ellas/uds&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T08:02:28.520" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T08:02:28.520" Title="What's the root for present subjunctive conjugation?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23910" CreationDate="2018-01-20T12:57:22.683" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;le&quot; is an indirect object pronoun and represents &quot;el chico&quot; but isn't it a bit repetitive to use &quot;le&quot; and &quot;al chico&quot;? Shouldn't it be better to say &quot;qué pasa al chico?&quot; or &quot;qué le pasa?&quot;? Which form is the most correct and the most commonly used: &quot;qué pasa al chico?&quot;,&quot;qué le pasa?&quot; , &quot;qué le pasa al chico?&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:54:16.747" Title="What is the difference between &quot;qué le pasa al chico?&quot; and &quot;qué pasa al chico?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23909" CreationDate="2018-01-20T14:52:46.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Qué le pasa al chico?&quot; signals earlier in the question that your focus is on the boy. If the question were to begin with &quot;qué pasa&quot;, the listener would start thinking in a different direction, such as, &quot;What's new?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;¿Qué le pasa al chico?&quot; flows off the tongue better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The redundancy is a feature, not a bug, and can be found in many areas of Spanish. As you get used to it you will start to like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information about the redundancy, which I think is also called &quot;reduplication.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already explained why, if your sentence is ¿Qué pasa al chico?, you need to include a redundant indirect object pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's look at it the other way around.  Suppose the question is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué le pasa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why add &quot;al chico&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, sometimes you don't need to.  If the context of the conversation makes clear who you're talking about, then it's not needed (although it can never hurt).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the listener/reader might not know who &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; refers to, then it's necessary to specify the person you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has a lot of ambiguity, including with subjects!  But we still want people to understand what or whom we're talking about, so it's good to play it safe and add the noun itself.  Unlike in English, where you have to choose between using a pronoun or a specific noun (or name), the redundancy sounds very pleasant to the Spanish speaker's ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T01:54:16.747" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:54:16.747" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23908" CreationDate="2018-01-20T15:21:35.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's a specific root for the present imperative. Though, the most closely related will be the one you mentioned, the conjugation of the present indicative but changing the last vowel to &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as every person studying Spanish know, there are not specific rules that fiil for anything. Here you can see an example of both, present indicative and subjective: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal#n40&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal#n40&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18610" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T15:21:35.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-20T18:49:20.550" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Brasil, se les dice chistosamente &lt;em&gt;papa-anjos&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente &quot;&lt;em&gt;comeángeles&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) a los que salen con alguien perceptiblemente más joven e inmaduro, especialmente en escuelas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, un pibe de 16 años que sale con una nena de 13 sería un &lt;em&gt;papa-anjo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Como dirían en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18626" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T08:24:45.590" Title="&quot;Papa-anjo&quot; - persona en una relación con alguien más joven" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23912" CreationDate="2018-01-20T22:04:27.417" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo normal, al menos en mi zona, es llamarlos «&lt;strong&gt;asaltacunas&lt;/strong&gt;», sobre todo cuando uno de los dos es menor de edad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=asaltacunas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;En el DLE no aparece&lt;/a&gt;, pero sí aparece por ejemplo en el diccionario español - inglés de Oxford:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/traducir/espanol-ingles/asaltacunas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;asaltacunas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/cradle-robber&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cradle-robber&lt;/a&gt;, n.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;SUSTANTIVO MASCULINO Y FEMENINO.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  México&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  coloquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 cradle-robber &lt;em&gt;EEUU coloquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cradle-snatcher &lt;em&gt;Británico coloquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo buscas en Google puedes encontrar muchas más fuentes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La verdad es que me ha sorprendido ver que en casi todos lados lo ponen como coloquialismo latinoamericano, porque yo lo llevo escuchando desde bien pequeño en España. Pero bueno, aquí va un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semana.com/amp/asaltacunas-seccion-gente-edicion-1552-jan-28-2012/252598&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo de uso en un medio español&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T08:24:45.590" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T08:24:45.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19717" CreationDate="2018-01-21T01:28:46.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will change the baby's name to one that doesn't start with V, so it's less confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mike passes Mariana to Victoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. &lt;em&gt;Mike pasa a Mariana a Victoria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. &lt;em&gt;Mike la pasa a Mariana a Victoria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) is correct but for (b) we need to fix the pronoun.  It should be &quot;le&quot; instead of &quot;lo&quot; because &quot;lo&quot; is the &lt;strong&gt;direct&lt;/strong&gt; pronoun and &quot;le&quot; is &lt;strong&gt;indirect&lt;/strong&gt;.  Thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mike &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; pasa a Mariana a Victoria.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mike passes Mariana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. &lt;em&gt;Mike la pasa a Mariana.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is no good in English or Spanish.  It's an incomplete sentence fragment, similar to chopping off part of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Henry lent me a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to end up with just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Henry lent me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T01:28:46.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23915" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23919" CreationDate="2018-01-21T01:29:36.423" Score="6" ViewCount="781" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dame la mano&quot; would mean &quot;give me the hand&quot;. Shouldn't it be better to say &quot;give me your hand&quot; by saying &quot;dame tu mano&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference this is the entire phrase coming from spanishdict:&#xA;&quot;Dame la mano, no vayas a perderte entre tanta gente.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T12:57:32.957" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T12:57:32.957" Title="Why say &quot;dame la mano&quot; instead of &quot;dame tu mano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2018-01-21T01:59:37.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pienso que “pensar más allá de lo ordinario” o “fuera de lo ordinario/común” “fuera de límites “ “fuera de base” podrían ser algunas de las opciones que transmitirían el mismo concepto.&#xA;Me inclino más a “fuera de lo común”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18628" LastEditorUserId="18628" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T02:05:49.963" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T02:05:49.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23908" CreationDate="2018-01-21T02:33:57.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The stem for all conjugations of the present subjunctive is always the first-person singular of the indicative. That’s why it’s &lt;em&gt;que tu hagas&lt;/em&gt;, since the first person singular of &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;hag-o&lt;/em&gt;, and that forms the subjunctive stem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are, unfortunately, a lot of verbs with a stem irregularity in the first-person singular of the indicative, and thus also in all the present subjunctive forms. For example, &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; has &lt;em&gt;que tu quepas&lt;/em&gt; because of this. Really very many of those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also the stem used for all imperatives save one alone. As you know, the subjunctive will have a swapped inflectional vowel compared with the indicative. The one that doesn’t work this way is the &lt;strong&gt;affirmative&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperatives (but not the negative ones).  The affirmative tú imperative is the same “stem” as the second person indicative, but chops off the final &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;.  It does not change the inflectional vowel to make a subjunctive the way it does for negative &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason it works this way is because that’s similar to how Latin did it. So for example the Latin verb &lt;em&gt;amare&lt;/em&gt; had &lt;em&gt;tu amas&lt;/em&gt; in the indicative and &lt;em&gt;tu ames&lt;/em&gt; in the subjunctive, but just play &lt;em&gt;ama&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt;-imperative. And yes, I deliberately picked a verb where all those things still work the same way in Spanish. But the main theme persists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also why you find a similar lack of subjunctive being used in equivalent affirmative &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt;-imperatives in neighboring Romance languages like Portuguese or Asturian, French or Italian, Catalan or Occitan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing you’re probably having trouble with is knowing which affirmative &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperatives are shortened (“apocopic, apocopated”) forms. There are only a few of these, and they are common verbs. Instead of using the unchanged third-person singular for their &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperative, most of these just lose the final &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; as well, although there are a few extra irregularities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;decir: di (has a stem change and also loses the &lt;em&gt;-c&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hacer: haz (rewrite final &lt;em&gt;-c&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;-z&lt;/em&gt; after losing the &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt;, but that doesn't count)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ir: ve (&lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; irregular: not an apocopation of &lt;em&gt;va&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vas&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poner: pon &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;salir: sal &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ser: sé  (&lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; irregular: not an apocopation of &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;eres&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tener: ten (notice no stem change; cf &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;venir: ven (notice no stem change; cf &lt;em&gt;viene&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formally, &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; should also be added to that list making &lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt; its &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperative, but you may also hear it conjugated regularly as &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also do the same sort of thing with compound verbs formed from those nine I’ve just listed above, so for example &lt;em&gt;interponer&lt;/em&gt; would just be &lt;em&gt;interpón&lt;/em&gt; for the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the others are just the normal third-personal singular in the indicative, so the &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; form without the final &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;. Even irregular verbs like &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; have regular &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; imperatives in &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;da&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You’ll be glad to learn that are no irregular &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; imperatives, for however much help that is to you. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T03:29:46.217" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T03:29:46.217" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23915" CreationDate="2018-01-21T11:38:11.653" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;dar la mano&quot; is an idiom. Although we can hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dame tu mano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's more idiomatic, as well as more logical, to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dame &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mano. (Who else's hand would you give me if not yours? -- that is, unless we are speaking about somebody's severed hand!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, we tend to use articles rather than possessives with parts of the body in direct object position. This is not only the case with reflexive actions but also with actions performed on others. We prefer to use a pronoun to indicate the recipient of the action and an article rather than the possesive. (Notice the ambiguity with the English possessive in the sentences between parentheses below.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We thus say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; lavó &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cara. (He/She washed his/her (own) face.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; lavó &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cara (He/She washed his/her (somebody else's) face).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; tocó &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; frente. (He/She touched his/her (own) forehead.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; tocó &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; frente. (He/She touched his/her (somebody else's) forehead.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; tapó &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; ojos. (He/She covered his/her (own) eyes.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; tapó &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; ojos. (He/She covered his/her (somebody else's) eyes.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; cortó &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; pelo. (He/She cut his/her (own) hair -- or had it cut.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; cortó &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; pelo. (He/She cut his/her (somebody else's) hair.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We only don't use a pronoun when our hands or fingers do not touch the part of the body involved. In these cases, English uses a possessive, while Spanish requires an article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abrió/Cerró &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; ojos. (He/She opened/closed his/her (own) eyes.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Movió &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cabeza. (He/She moved his/her (own) head.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Levantó/Agitó &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; mano. (He/She raised/waved his/her (own) hand.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dobló &lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; rodillas. (He/She bent his/her (own) knees.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cruzó &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; brazos/&lt;strong&gt;las&lt;/strong&gt; piernas (also: &lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; cruzó de brazos/de piernas) (He/She crossed his/her (own) legs/arms.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T11:38:11.653" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-21T13:17:08.877" Score="6" ViewCount="4292" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo claro si hay alguna diferencia en &quot;de que&quot; y &quot;del que&quot;.&#xA;Por ejemplo, &quot;El dinero del que dispone el banco&quot; y &quot;El dinero de que dispone el banco&quot;. Me suena más habitual la primera opción, aunque más correcta o formal la segunda, pero ambas con el mismo significado.&#xA;¿Que papel juega el &quot;el&quot; de &quot;del que&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Ngram,la segunda opción es más habitual, pero está en declive frente a la primera, que va en aumento. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5viA.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5viA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5438" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T10:26:09.653" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;del que&quot; y &quot;de que&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23920" CreationDate="2018-01-21T15:22:52.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas (conocidas como &quot;grupos preposicionales relativos&quot;) son correctas. La pregunta puede hacerse extensiva a otras preposiciones (&lt;em&gt;a, con, en, por&lt;/em&gt;) y se limita a los casos &lt;strong&gt;en (los) que&lt;/strong&gt; (véase que acabo de usar las dos formas posibles en cuestión) el referente no es personal, puesto que si esto ocurre todas las formas son igualmente comunes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La mujer &lt;strong&gt;de quien&lt;/strong&gt; te hablo es famosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La mujer &lt;strong&gt;de la que/cual&lt;/strong&gt; te hablo es famosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe -- me parece -- una cierta resistencia a usar la estructura &quot;preposición + &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; porque la relativa define al sustantivo indefinido, y &quot;que&quot; pareciera despojarlo de esa definición. Veamos con ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te expones a un peligro grave. (&quot;un&quot; es un artículo indefinido.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El peligro &lt;strong&gt;al que / a que&lt;/strong&gt; te expones es grave. (Al utilizarse una relativa especificativa -- sin comas -- el sustantivo &quot;peligro&quot; pasa a ser un sustantivo definido -- como lo demuestra la aparición del artículo &quot;el&quot; en lugar de &quot;un&quot; -- y eso hace que la mayoría de los hablantes se sientan inclinados a utilizar la forma relativa definida &quot;el que&quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu ejemplo, la relativa proviene de una oración donde el sustantivo incontable viene sin artículo, en línea con su indefinición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El banco dispone &lt;strong&gt;de dinero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El dinero &lt;strong&gt;del que&lt;/strong&gt; dispone el banco...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estamos limitando la cantidad de dinero a los fondos que el banco posee, y esto es razonable en la práctica y correcto desde el punto de vista gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El dinero &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; dispone el banco...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece querer conservar la indefinición de la oración original (&lt;em&gt;El banco dispone de dinero&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esta prenda está hecha &lt;strong&gt;con algodón&lt;/strong&gt; importado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El algodón &lt;strong&gt;con el que&lt;/strong&gt; está hecha esta prenda es importado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el sustantivo &quot;algodón&quot; pierde su indefinición (ya estamos hablando de un tipo de algodón en particular: el que se usó para fabricar esta prenda).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, esta oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El algodón &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; está hecha esta prenda es importado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pretende conservar la indefinición original del sustantivo &quot;algodón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota&lt;/strong&gt;: He encontrado un interesante &lt;a href=&quot;https://psicologiaeducativa.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/tema-5.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apunte&lt;/a&gt; en Internet que, si bien no tiene autor, parece muy acertado por la precisión de sus conceptos y el modo en que está redactado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El apunte (que prácticamente transcribo a continuación) dice que en los relativos complejos preposicionales puede omitirse el artículo en función de cuatro aspectos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La preposición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tipo de oración de relativo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El antecedente del relativo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La estructura sintáctica de la oración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) El primer factor es pertinente porque en el español actual solo las preposiciones monosílabas &lt;em&gt;a, con, de&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; pueden combinarse con el &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; relativo desprovisto del artículo determinado, como en estos ejemplos:&#xA;“Alguna quiere que nos dé la cifra &lt;strong&gt;a que&lt;/strong&gt; están reducidos los fieles”; “el rosario de violencias &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; la había castigado en los últimos meses”; “—Sí —respondió con toda la sangre fría &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; era capaz “; “Completamente&#xA;dedicado a sí mismo, no advirtió el sobresalto de Laura ni la ansiedad &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; iba envuelta su siguiente pregunta”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo esporádicamente se documenta la omisión del artículo con la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;, como en &quot;La verdadera razón &lt;strong&gt;por que&lt;/strong&gt; quieres quedarte es Miguel, ¿no es verdad?&quot; (Allende, Casa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) La omisión del artículo es más frecuente en las relativas especificativas, como “La pluma estilográfica dorada &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; solía firmar los documentos importantes”, que en las explicativas. Se registra, no obstante, la omisión en estas últimas, sobre todo en textos de los siglos XIX y XX, y a menudo en los complementos preposicionales de hablar, referirse y otros verbos que aluden&#xA;a algo que ya se ha mencionado: “Malinche nació en un pueblito vecino de Coazacualco, &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; se hablaba el azteca y el idioma de los mayas”; ““El brillo del diablo”, &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; me había hablado Angustias, aparecía empobrecido&#xA;y chillón”. La omisión del artículo en las explicativas es hoy algo más común en el español americano que en el europeo. De hecho, en el segundo se suele percibir como arcaísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) El tercer factor es relevante porque el artículo del relativo complejo se omite más frecuentemente cuando el antecedente se construye con un artículo definido que cuando se forma con uno indefinido. Así, la omisión del artículo resulta más natural en la forma en la que se comporta &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en “Empezaron a&#xA;bailar abriendo luego una ronda &lt;strong&gt;a la que&lt;/strong&gt; arrastraron a tu tía Adelfa vestida de novia remojada”. No obstante, suele omitirse el artículo con antecedentes cuantificativos (a menudo indefinidos) en las relativas preposicionales de infinitivo o de subjuntivo de interpretación prospectiva, como cuando se alude a un recurso o un instrumento: “Se levantó Camila como sonámbula, pidiendo a la fondera algo &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; taparse para salir a la calle” (sonaría mal decir &quot;algo con &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que taparse&quot;); “El procesado ha sido revisado y no tiene consigo nada &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; pueda atacar al señor Director” (no tendría sentido decir &quot;nada con &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; que pueda atacar&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se han observado ciertas preferencias léxicas en la omisión del artículo. Así, es más frecuente con antecedentes que indican circunstancias de la acción, como día, hora, lugar, manera, modo, tiempo y otros similares: “Cómo Talanque cuenta a Esplandián y a Frandalo la manera &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; los enemigos les entraran la montaña y del esfuerço que Esplandián les pone”; “El príncipe recuerda el día &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt;, durante una comida familiar en el Hofburg, recibió Elisabeth la noticia”; “Quiero tu piel, a la hora &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; las tiendas acarician el celofán de los regalos”. La omisión del artículo conlleva potestativamente la de la preposición cuando la misma precede al relativo y a su antecedente. Alternan, en efecto, “en el lugar en (el) que solía dejarlo” y “en el lugar que solía dejarlo”. He aquí un ejemplo de esta última variante: “Se hicieron inmortales y tienen una gran plaza como monumento en el sitio que fueron fusilados”. Esta reducción preposicional, que también se da a veces cuando las preposiciones son distintas, está relacionada con la formación de locuciones conjuntivas: a&#xA;medida que, al tiempo que, en el grado que.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(4) Influye, por último, en la omisión del artículo la función sintáctica que desempeña el grupo relativo en la subordinada: la omisión se produce más frecuentemente en los complementos circunstanciales que en los de régimen. Así, el segmento subrayado es un complemento circunstancial en “De ahí que me&#xA;sorprendiera el desapego &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; la ahora condesa hablaba de la emperatriz”, pero es complemento de régimen en “[…] como terapia necesaria para conseguir por fin la fama y el dinero &lt;strong&gt;con el que&lt;/strong&gt; había soñado cuando no era más que un aprendiz de compositor musical”. No se omite el artículo incluido en el relativo complejo cuando el grupo preposicional relativo ejerce la función de complemento del nombre: “el libro {del que ~ * de que} solo pude leer el prólogo”; “la novela {de la que ~ * de que} solo conozco algunos fragmentos”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco se omite el artículo en los relativos complejos introducidos por la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; en función de complemento indirecto: “El joven {al que ~ * a que} dieron el premio”, ni de complemento directo, como en “el candidato {al que ~ * a que} seleccionaron”. Si la relativa es especificativa, el objeto directo puede construirse sin &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, y entonces es obligada la omisión del artículo. Alternan, pues, &lt;em&gt;a la que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en “Tiritaba toda al pensar en la gente desconocida a la que debería conocer”, pero es agramatical la variante “*… en la gente desconocida a que debería conocer”. Si la relativa es explicativa, la  preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; se hace necesaria con antecedente definido de persona: “[…] con ella y con Yves Montand, al que conocí aquel mismo verano”. En otras condiciones puede usarse el relativo sin preposición: “Tres alumnos, que eligió entre los de mejor expediente”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusión&lt;/strong&gt;: En el caso de &quot;el dinero de(l) que dispone el banco&quot;, se confrontan dos factores arriba mencionados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. Por un lado, en la oración de origen &quot;dinero&quot; es indefinido, y esto haría a esa palabra candidata al uso del artículo en el relativo (&lt;em&gt;de&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; que&lt;/em&gt;). Ver el factor (3) arriba mencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según (3), esta tendencia se da cuando estamos en presencia de una artículo indeterminado -- nada dice (3) acerca de la ausencia de artículo con sustantivos incontables en singular o con sustantivos contables en plural. En estos casos, a mi entender sólo la forma &quot;preposición + &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesito dinero &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; pagar mis estudios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;*Necesito dinero &lt;strong&gt;con el que&lt;/strong&gt; pagar mis estudios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Necesito fondos &lt;strong&gt;con que&lt;/strong&gt; pagar mis estudios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Necesito fondos &lt;strong&gt;con los que&lt;/strong&gt; pagar mis estudios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Por otro lado, la preposición &quot;de&quot; introduce un complemento de régimen del verbo &quot;disponer&quot; (&lt;em&gt;disponer de&lt;/em&gt;), que favorece la omisión del artículo (&lt;em&gt;de que&lt;/em&gt;). Ver el factor (4) arriba mencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que nos ocupa, &quot;el dinero&quot; lleva artículo determinado y si bien (3) dice que el uso del artículo con el relativo (&lt;em&gt;del que&lt;/em&gt;) es más frecuente con artículos indeterminados, no dice que ese uso no corresponda cuando el artículo sea determinado. En cuanto a la función sintáctica, claramente estamos frente a un complemento de régimen, que favorece la omisión del artículo. Esto explica la coexistencia de ambas formas, &quot;el dinero del que dispone el banco&quot; y &quot;el dinero de que dispone el banco&quot;, más allá de que la alternancia de ambas estructuras es casi una constante en los casos arriba descriptos como tales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T10:26:09.653" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T10:26:09.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23925" CreationDate="2018-01-21T17:40:44.643" Score="10" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre que el verbo e interjección malsonante &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt; parece ser una excepción a la regla (o más bien, a la ley) que nos dice que cada palabra (que no sea cultismo) que en latín comienza una &lt;em&gt;f‑&lt;/em&gt; + VOCAL se ha convertido en &lt;em&gt;h‑&lt;/em&gt; en castellano moderno. Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;fūmus &gt; humo, furnus &gt; horno, filia &gt; hija&lt;/em&gt;. Véase la discusión más amplia sobre este fenómeno histórico en el artículo de Wikipedia, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambio_fon%C3%A9tico_%C2%ABf_%E2%86%92_h%C2%BB_del_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;“Cambio fonético «f → h» del español”&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín el verbo que nos dio &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt; era &lt;em&gt;futuō / futuere&lt;/em&gt;, el mismo verbo que produjo &lt;em&gt;foder&lt;/em&gt; en portugués, gallego y asturiano. Por eso no veo ninguna razón que explique por qué en castellano tenemos &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;hoder&lt;/em&gt;. No es palabra culta introducida más tarde; debe haber sufrido los mismos cambios fonéticos que vemos en &lt;em&gt;hacer &amp;lt; facere, hablar &amp;lt; fābulārī, herir &amp;lt; ferire, huir &amp;lt; fugere, hundir &amp;lt; fundere&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí hay unos cuantos casos en que una palabra con &lt;em&gt;h‑&lt;/em&gt; nos ha dado una con &lt;em&gt;j‑&lt;/em&gt;, pero no muchos. Un tal ejemplo será el verbo &lt;em&gt;jalar&lt;/em&gt; que viene del verbo &lt;em&gt;halar&lt;/em&gt;, y éste del francés &lt;em&gt;haler&lt;/em&gt;. También existe &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamenco#Cante_jondo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cante jondo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;cante hondo&lt;/em&gt;, pero eso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no es más que la forma dialectal andaluza de la palabra &quot;hondo&quot;, con su característica aspiración de la h proveniente de f inicial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es muchísimo más común que un verbo en &lt;em&gt;j‑&lt;/em&gt; venga de uno con &lt;em&gt;i‑&lt;/em&gt; en latín, como &lt;em&gt;jactar &amp;lt; iactāre, juzgar &amp;lt; iūdicāre, jugar &amp;lt; iocāre&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo mis dudas que &lt;em&gt;futuere &gt; joder&lt;/em&gt; evolucionara así. ¿Existe otra explicación creíble? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T15:34:32.657" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T19:54:39.533" Title="¿Por qué no existe una palabra escrita «hoder» (en vez de la versión con «j-»)?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23924" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23926" CreationDate="2018-01-22T01:26:06.780" Score="5" ViewCount="1456" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about asking questions :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When asking questions about the degree of an adjective, such as &quot;how far is it?,&quot; what is the difference between the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué tan lejos está?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hasta qué lejos está?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué lejos está?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuán lejos está?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is #3 OK, informal, or is it completely incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard native spanish speakers say questions like #3 before (qué alta, qué bonita, qué barato, etc), but I have started to notice that #1 seems more common in writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If #1 and #3 are both OK, is there a slight difference in meaning that is provided by adding &quot;tan?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I correct in believing that #4 sounds overly formal or maybe archaic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18632" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T17:06:33.603" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T03:22:59.237" Title="Using &quot;qué tan&quot; vs. &quot;qué&quot; or &quot;hasta qué&quot; in questions" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;pronombre-interrogativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23922" CreationDate="2018-01-22T08:16:53.237" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oporteteditores.com/joder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La explicación del artículo que enlazas&lt;/a&gt; suena bastante plausible. La palabra &lt;em&gt;hoder&lt;/em&gt; existió pero claro, era tan vulgar que apenas se tienen registros escritos de la misma... mas alguno hay. El artículo cita como ejemplo el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De cuánto trabajamos, ¿qué será? &quot;Ellos a hoder, y nosotras a comer&quot; como soldados que están alojados a discrición.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Delicado, &quot;La Lozana Andaluza&quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también se encuentran otros aun más bastos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A coño hodido y a cabeça quebrada, nunca faltan rogadores.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hernán Núñez, &quot;Refranes o proverbios en romance&quot;, c1549 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hasta nuestro amigo Korreas se apuntó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Añaden dos pullas: &quot;kornudo vaias a Rroma&quot;, o &quot;kagaxón en tu boka&quot;. &quot;Kornudo&quot; por: &quot;hod[ido]&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot;, 1627 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y desde luego, aunque la palabra &lt;em&gt;joder&lt;/em&gt; no entró en los diccionarios de la RAE hasta 1984 (!), sí que hubo otros diccionarios que recogieron &lt;em&gt;hoder&lt;/em&gt; en su época: aquellos destinados a traducir el español a otros idiomas. Así, tenemos las siguientes traducciones de &lt;em&gt;hoder&lt;/em&gt; en el NTLLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1570 CASAS: Hoder. &lt;em&gt;Fottere&lt;/em&gt;. (Italiano actual: &lt;em&gt;Possedere sessualmente una donna&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1607 OUDIN: Hoder, hazerlo à la muger, caualgar, &lt;em&gt;foutre, cheuaucher, besongner, raccoustrer vne femme, le faire à vne femme&lt;/em&gt;. (Pocas explicaciones necesita.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1609 VITTORI: hodér, hazérlo á la muger, caualgar, &lt;em&gt;cheuaucher, besongner, accoustrer une femme, le faire à une femme&lt;/em&gt;, caualgare vna donna, ingrauidare vna femina. (¿Ingravidar?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1617 MINSHEU: Hodér. L Futuere, &lt;em&gt;dict.: de&lt;/em&gt; fundendo semen in genituram.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1620 FRANCIOSINI: hoder. [l'azione che si fa nell'atto venereo con vna donna. fottere. (¿Acto venéreo? Qué mal suena eso.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1705 SOBRINO: Hodér, hazerlo à la muger, cavalgar, &lt;em&gt;Faire l'action charnelle, avoir à faire à une femme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1706 STEVENS: &lt;em&gt;Hodér,&lt;/em&gt; to have to do with a Woman, to commit the Act of carnal Copulation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, aunque hay registros son pocos, y la palabra se transmitió por vía oral principalmente. Así que lo más seguro es que sufriera el proceso que dice el artículo: la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; se fue aspirando cada vez más sin que sufriese corrección alguna, hasta que se empezó a usar con &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;. No puedo resistirme a copiar aquí unos cuantos versos del siguiente texto del siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y Beatriz, la de las ingles bellas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y ojos vivos, el pecho alto y carnoso,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y en él dos tinajillas del Toboso;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y la resaladísima Antonieta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de hambrienta vulva y la Catalineta;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la Matilde y famosa Sacristana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con el lunar que el muslo la hermosea&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando la echan a vuelo cual campana;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la Poderosa, del joder apriesa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con boca de carmín bañada en risa;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y la Jacinta, del redondo culo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la Clara, que al nombrarla, en mi bragueta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y en mi miembro efundió tanta lujuria&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuanta de Clara el sucio nombre encierra;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la Margarita de abultado chocho,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que hace creer al majadero indiano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que únicamente guarda para él solo.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nicolás Fernández de Moratín, &quot;El arte de putear&quot;, c1771-1777 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto seguro que no lo enseñan en las escuelas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T19:54:39.533" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T19:54:39.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23924" CreationDate="2018-01-22T08:23:37.307" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the point of view of a Spain Spanish speaker:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tan lejos está?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Correct&lt;/strong&gt;, but it sounds kind of Latin American to me. See &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=qu%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;qué 4,g&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Hasta qué lejos está?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Plainly &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;. I don't even use this form orally. If you want to use a structure with &quot;hasta&quot;, you can maybe try:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué punto está lejos? (&lt;em&gt;to which degree is it far?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué lejos está?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: I believe this is &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;, it doesn't sound right to me in an &lt;strong&gt;interrogative&lt;/strong&gt; sentence. However the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=cu%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; says that &lt;em&gt;cuán&lt;/em&gt; (the actual adjective to use, see #4) tends to be replaced with &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;exclamative&lt;/strong&gt; sentences:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] hoy es más normal, en estos casos, el empleo de qué (→ qué, 1.3). [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuán lejos está?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Correct&lt;/strong&gt;, but very formal, I've seen it only in the written form or in very formal discourse, I would never use it in a conversation. Although, technically, this is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BSMOJmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;correct interrogative adjective&lt;/a&gt; when trying to measure the degree of an adjective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, instead of all the forms that you propose, I would use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo de lejos está?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is correct and at least in Spain it sounds normal, neither formal nor informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can rephrase the sentence in order to avoid this kind of structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Está muy lejos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T08:23:37.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23927" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23928" CreationDate="2018-01-22T11:54:03.573" Score="7" ViewCount="540" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dejarle a mi hijo mayor la tablet con el YouTube Kids no deja de ser un filón de preguntas con los vídeos que va descubriendo. Hace tiempo vio uno que tenía una canción que decía más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Do you like broccoli?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Yes, I do.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Do you like ice cream?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Yes, I do.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Do you like broccoli ice cream?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No, I don't! Yuck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco descubrió la versión traducida al español de Hispanoamérica, que traducía la última frase como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡No me gusta! ¡Guácala!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teníais que ver las caras de asombro de los tres que estábamos allí cuando oímos eso de &quot;guácala&quot;. Luego ya me fui al diccionario de americanismos y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gu%C3%A1cala&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;descubrimos lo que significaba&lt;/a&gt;, y cómo y dónde se usa (y luego aquí en el sitio aprendí &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8794/12637&quot;&gt;el origen de la palabra&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen otras palabras similares, también de uso en Hispanoamérica: tenemos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zoxaQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ufa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=atatay&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;atatay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=fuchi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuchi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y más, incluyendo algunas variantes de las ya mencionadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas expresiones me resultan coloridas a la par que interesantes, pues me hicieron pensar en qué expresiones usamos en el español europeo en casos similares. Yo en la canción habría usado &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2776/12637&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;aj&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;puaj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que no aparecen en el diccionario pero sí en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hieden los esclavos, ¡puaj!, hieden a carne hedionda [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Uslar Pietri, &quot;Las lanzas coloradas&quot;, 1931 (Venezuela).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sencillamente &lt;em&gt;qué asco&lt;/em&gt;, que no me resulta tan expresiva como las otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, aparte de las ya citadas, ¿tenemos en España alguna expresión similar a las Hispanoamericanas para expresar repulsa, asco o desagrado? Mejor si aparece en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T12:24:08.863" Title="Equivalente de &quot;guácala&quot; en el español europeo" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23927" CreationDate="2018-01-22T12:35:06.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE, la única que he visto que no está marcada como regionalismo, es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;fo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I8eHLnb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para expresar asco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo hay un pequeño detalle... y es que no he oído a nadie, en toda mi vida, usar esa palabra (para eso, al menos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las que sí que he oído y uso siempre, son &lt;strong&gt;puaj&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;buaj&lt;/strong&gt;, ya apuntadas por ti.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es cierto que no aparecen en el DLE, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_P/LETRA_P_PDF/PUAJ/00001052.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el fichero de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, la propia Academia la usó en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/boletines/brae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su Boletín&lt;/a&gt; en algún momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá sea el momento de proponer su inclusión en el diccionario. &lt;em&gt;EDIT&lt;/em&gt;: Cosa que finalmente hice, por cierto. Otra cosa es que acepten dicha propuesta :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T08:33:12.070" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T08:33:12.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23932" CreationDate="2018-01-22T12:45:24.457" Score="8" ViewCount="1434" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XAD3nkRJmD6NjdyDQ0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;, se especifican cuatro usos del punto y coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para separar los elementos de una enumeración cuando se trata de expresiones complejas que incluyen comas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para separar oraciones sintácticamente independientes entre las que existe una estrecha relación semántica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se escribe punto y coma delante de conectores de sentido adversativo, concesivo o consecutivo, como &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sin embargo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por tanto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por consiguiente&lt;/em&gt;, etc., cuando las oraciones que encabezan tienen cierta longitud.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se pone punto y coma detrás de cada uno de los elementos de una lista o relación cuando se escriben en líneas independientes y se inician con minúscula, salvo detrás del último, que se cierra con punto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también dejan claro que el punto y coma es un signo de uso subjetivo y poco frecuente, y aclaran que en numerosas ocasiones es posible sustituirlo por otro, pero al mismo tiempo dicen que no es prescindible (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El punto y coma es, de todos los signos de puntuación, el que presenta un &lt;strong&gt;mayor grado de subjetividad&lt;/strong&gt; en su empleo, pues, en muchos casos, &lt;strong&gt;es posible&lt;/strong&gt; optar, en su lugar, por otro signo de puntuación, como el punto y seguido, los dos puntos o la coma; pero &lt;strong&gt;esto no significa que el punto y coma sea un signo prescindible&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;la mayor parte&lt;/strong&gt; de estos casos, se podría utilizar el punto y seguido. La elección de uno u otro signo &lt;strong&gt;depende&lt;/strong&gt; de la vinculación semántica que &lt;strong&gt;quien escribe&lt;/strong&gt; considera que existe entre los enunciados. Si el vínculo se estima débil, se prefiere usar el punto y seguido; si se juzga más sólido, es conveniente optar por el punto y coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ante esta ambigüedad, ¿en alguno de los cuatro casos anteriormente expuestos debe considerarse obligatorio su uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T08:19:58.130" Title="¿Cuándo es obligatorio el uso de punto y coma?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23934" CreationDate="2018-01-22T14:33:13.243" Score="3" ViewCount="1284" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy, escuchando música, he descubierto la pieza &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=fantasia%20que%20contrahaze%20la%20harpa%20en%20la%20manera%20de%20ludovico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fantasia que &lt;strong&gt;contrahaze&lt;/strong&gt; la harpa en la manera de Ludovico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La pieza en sí es lo de menos; lo que me ha llamado la atención es la manera de escribir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;contrahaze&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, así con Z (en vez de con C, como hoy en día).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intrigado, me he ido al DLE para consultar la etimología de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AZ95NyA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contrahacer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Ninguna sorpresa: tal como suponía, viene de &lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y éste a su vez del latín &lt;em&gt;fa&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ĕre&lt;/em&gt;. Con C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Igual este hombre no escribía especialmente bien»&lt;/em&gt;, me he dicho. Así que le he preguntado al CORDE por &lt;em&gt;&quot;contrahaze&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y me ha sacado &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=contrahaze&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;12 concordancias&lt;/a&gt;, un número suficientemente bajo como para plantearse que los 12 casos sean faltas de ortografía... hasta que le he preguntado por &lt;em&gt;&quot;haze&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y me ha sacado &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=haze&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más de 24 000 concordancias&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo por tanto que a lo largo de los siglos se ha producido una evolución &lt;em&gt;fa&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ĕre&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;ha&lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt;er&lt;/em&gt; - ha&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;er, pasando de C a Z y de nuevo a C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto correcto? ¿Qué motivos hubo para estos cambios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:20:38.397" Title="¿Por qué se escribe &quot;hacer&quot; en vez de &quot;hazer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23929" CreationDate="2018-01-22T14:39:28.903" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;He revisado la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; (que es cinco años posterior al DPD, y más completa). En ningún momento se especifica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KGzINbiHyEasazBQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el punto y coma&lt;/a&gt; deba ser obligatorio: tan solo da pautas para su correcto uso y menciona casos en los que se puede (que no debe) usar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto de la Ortografía cita los siguientes ejemplos en el epígrafe 3.4.3.1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era el jardín de tilos, con sus mecedoras de lona y sus mesas de mimbre; los salones espaciosos con muebles firmados y tapices del XVI; la biblioteca salpicada de incunables; la sala de estar con sus cuadros antiguos, sus porcelanas del Retiro y sus jarros de La Granja; los vestíbulos, con sus estatuas romanas, sus alfombras persas; el comedor con su cristalería francesa, sus platos ingleses, y su cubertería jeroglífico...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mercedes Salisachs, &quot;La gangrena&quot;, 1975 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si le cuento lo de la pesadilla en la terraza, no me creerá; si me cree, me tomará por loco; si no le cuento, por estúpido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vlady Kociancich, &quot;La octava maravilla&quot;, 1982 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partiendo de estos textos, la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se trata, sin embargo, de un signo prescindible; al contrario, resulta muy valioso en dos sentidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Como jerarquizador de la información, ya que aclara las relaciones de los elementos que constituyen el texto. Así, en el ejemplo mencionado de Mercedes Salisachs, que reproduce una compleja enumeración, la distribución de los signos de punto y coma y de coma facilita la rápida percepción de las relaciones sintácticas, de manera que, sin esfuerzo, el que lee identifica los elementos coordinados en un nivel superior: &lt;em&gt;el jardín de tilos, los salones espaciosos, la biblioteca, la sala de estar, los vestíbulos y el comedor&lt;/em&gt;, elementos que no se confunden con otros pertenecientes a enumeraciones de nivel inferior, como &lt;em&gt;muebles firmados&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tapices del XVI&lt;/em&gt; o como &lt;em&gt;sus cuadros antiguos, sus porcelanas del Retiro y sus jarros de La Granja&lt;/em&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Como indicador de la vinculación semántica que quien escribe establece entre las unidades lingüísticas, es decir, del grado de dependencia y relevancia que desea imprimir a cada una de ellas. En este sentido, es un signo intermedio entre la coma y el punto: establece mayor disociación entre las unidades que la coma —y, por tanto, realza más cada una de ellas— y menor que la indicada por el punto. Así, en el ejemplo mencionado de Vlady Kociancich, la elección del punto y coma frente al punto favorece la concatenación de las ideas expresadas en las tres construcciones condicionales, que aparecen a ojos del lector como una única secuencia de información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez soltada esta parrafada, recalcar que no, que el punto y coma siempre se puede intercambiar por otro signo, aunque existen aspectos sutiles como los mencionados que hacen útil el punto y coma en determinadas situaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T20:55:11.797" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T20:55:11.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23966" CreationDate="2018-01-22T15:40:50.457" Score="2" ViewCount="423" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the entries on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/entrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict.com&lt;/a&gt; for the verb &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to get:&lt;/strong&gt;  Me está entrando sueño; me voy a echar una siesta. &lt;em&gt;I'm getting&#xA;  drowsy; I am going to take a nap.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain why the third-person of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is being used here? I was under the impression that &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; used as a pronominal verb means &quot;remain,&quot; not &quot;become.&quot; Wouldn't it be better to use &lt;strong&gt;poderse&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;convertirse en&lt;/strong&gt; anyway?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13940" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T16:54:49.337" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T17:01:25.860" Title="Use of &quot;Me está&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23931" CreationDate="2018-01-22T15:47:07.050" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta el año 1500, si buscas en el CORDE &quot;haze&quot; y &quot;hace&quot;, sale ganador el primero con diez veces más resultados que el segundo. Sin embargo, si limitas la búsqueda a entre 1500 y 1600, el número de resultados es muy similar (15 000 contra 16 000). Si limitas a entre 1600 y 1700, ya aparecen el doble de resultados de &quot;hace&quot; sobre &quot;haze&quot;, aunque aún aparecen como unos 7000 de este último. Y además de todos estos, en cualquier época aparecen algunos (pocos) resultados de &quot;haçe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su primera &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de 1741, la RAE ya dijo que la Z solo debía usarse &quot;siempre que la haya en el origen de las voces, como en &lt;em&gt;zelo, zéphiro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;zizaña&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. También dice que había de usarse &quot;antes de las vocales &lt;em&gt;a, o, u&lt;/em&gt;, en que tiene su propia pronunciación, como &lt;em&gt;zagal, gozo, zumbido&lt;/em&gt;. Para los casos antes de &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; decía que se usara la C, que &quot;es letra más castellana que la Z&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, esto era ya en el siglo XVIII, y estamos hablando de que el cambio se produjo antes. En la &lt;em&gt;Ortografia castellana&lt;/em&gt; de Mateo Alemán, de 1609, se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] porque tenemos la c, letra propia nuestra, que sirve aquel oficio [el de la k], aunque (sin advertir en ello) la tenemos por la ç; lacual, sin aquella pihuela ò cedilla es k, con que pronunciamos ca co cu. Avemosla llamado ç, hasta oi, no siendolo: i asi dezimos con ella diferentemente ça ce ci ço çu, para la ce ci, no es necesario poner cedilla, supuesto que no puede tener otro sonido [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, hacia el año 1600 ya teníamos &lt;em&gt;ça ce ci ço çu&lt;/em&gt;, y posteriormente se estableció que la Ç debía desaparecer en favor de la Z, quedando &lt;em&gt;za ce ci zo zu&lt;/em&gt;. Dado que también se tenía la C como letra &quot;más castellana&quot; que la Z, la evolución fue a que la gente escribiera con las letras que le eran más familiares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, resulta curioso ver en la propia ortografía de Mateo Alemán escrito &quot;hazer&quot;. Por tanto debió de ser más adelante cuando se hizo el cambio a &quot;hacer&quot;. Entiendo que la Ç y la Z debían de tener sonidos diferentes, los cuales se acabaron fusionando y acabó prevaleciendo la norma de no escribir con Z los grupos ze, zi a menos que la Z se usara en el origen de la palabra. ¿Cómo se escribía &quot;hacer&quot; en latín? &lt;em&gt;Facĕre&lt;/em&gt;. No tenía Z, y por tanto la norma dictó que no podía ser &lt;em&gt;hazer&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; (de ahí la &quot;contraevolución&quot; C-Z-C que mencionas en la pregunta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, no hizo falta esperar hasta la ortografía de la RAE de 1741 para que diera comienzo la transición definitiva. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=hace%2Chaze&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1600&amp;amp;year_end=1800&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Chace%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bhace%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BHace%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Chaze%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bhaze%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BHaze%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según Ngram&lt;/a&gt;, hacia 1720 fue cuando &quot;hace&quot; le ganó la batalla a &quot;haze&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RG72D.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RG72D.png&quot; alt=&quot;&amp;quot;Haze&amp;quot; vs &amp;quot;hace&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, comentar que el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611 recoge &quot;hazer&quot;, y que la última aparición de este verbo en un diccionario fue en el de 1721 de Bluteau. En cambio, &quot;hacer&quot; aparece en el de 1611 de Rosal y en todos los de la RAE desde 1734 en adelante. La RAE se fundó en 1713 así que igual algo sí influyó, a juzgar por la gráfica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:20:38.397" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:20:38.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23933" CreationDate="2018-01-22T16:04:59.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case the pronoun does not belong to the verb &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; but rather to the verb &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt;. Consider the following rephrasing of the sentence (it sounds really weird, but it is still correct):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sueño está entrándome (a mí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If you want, for the sake of the example, you can translate this sentece word by word as follows: &lt;em&gt;Sleep is attacking me&lt;/em&gt;. Note: &lt;em&gt;attacking&lt;/em&gt; is not a good translation for &quot;entrar&quot;, but it matches the grammar of the spanish sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see more clearly in the example above, &lt;em&gt;el sueño&lt;/em&gt; is the subject, thus the 3rd singular form of estar (&lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;). Besides, the subject &lt;em&gt;el sueño&lt;/em&gt; is performing an action (in this case &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt;), and in this case that action &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; has an indirect object which is me, thus the pronoum &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;a mí&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; with this meaning is explained by the entries 3 and 5 of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FkLKqOW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;, although in your example is not used literally but figuratively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3-. intr. Dicho de una cosa: Encajar o poderse meter en otra, o dentro de otra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5-. intr. Penetrar o introducirse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T16:34:55.860" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T16:34:55.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19977" CreationDate="2018-01-22T17:03:05.273" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=abreviatura&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta es la sección del panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt; que es más pertinente para la cuestión planteada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si una abreviatura coincide con final de oración o de párrafo, el punto de la abreviatura sirve de punto final, de modo que solo se escribirá un punto y no dos. Los otros signos de puntuación (coma, punto y coma, puntos suspensivos, signo de interrogación, etc.) sí deben escribirse tras el punto de la abreviatura; por lo tanto, si tras una abreviatura hay puntos suspensivos, se escriben cuatro puntos (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18638" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T21:38:38.013" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T21:38:38.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23937" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23938" CreationDate="2018-01-22T19:10:25.430" Score="3" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;En ingles existe &quot;archiver&quot; (como en &quot;file archiver&quot;) pero en español &quot;archivador&quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que archiva. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mueble de oficina convenientemente dispuesto para archivar documentos, fichas u otros papeles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Carpeta convenientemente dispuesta para archivar documentos, fichas u otros papeles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3SkGR1g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;archivar&quot; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Guardar documentos o información en un archivo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3SlWS8T%7C3SrKnVZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que &quot;archivo archivador&quot; es redundante, y &quot;archivador&quot; es demasiado abarcativo (incluye cualquier cosa que guarde información).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería una palabra general para archivos tar, zip, 7zip, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T09:55:58.753" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T09:55:58.753" Title="¿Cuál sería una palabra general para archivos tar, zip, 7zip, etc.?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23937" CreationDate="2018-01-22T19:27:47.167" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque no está recogido en el DRAE, se suele usar el término &amp;quot;archivos &lt;strong&gt;comprimidos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; o a veces &amp;quot;archivos &lt;strong&gt;empaquetados&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciencias de la computación, la compresión de datos es la reducción del volumen de datos tratables para representar una determinada información empleando una menor cantidad de espacio. Al acto de compresión de datos se denomina «&lt;strong&gt;compresión&lt;/strong&gt;», y al contrario «descompresión».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compresi%C3%B3n_de_datos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Compresión de datos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término se usa independientemente del algoritmo usado para comprimir la información.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un archivo &lt;strong&gt;comprimido&lt;/strong&gt;, es el resultado de tratar un archivo, documento, carpeta, etc., con un programa específico para comprimir, cuyo objetivo principal es reducir su peso para que ocupe menos espacio, pero con este proceso no perdemos la información original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://basicoyfacil.wordpress.com/2008/11/05/que-es-un-archivo-comprimido/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Básico y fácil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si hay algún método que archive sin comprimir, pero en cualquier caso se le daría el nombre que se ha dado a los otros archivos codificados (comprimidos) por los otros métodos que sí usan algoritmos que comprimen la información. Yo he oído &amp;quot;comprimidos&amp;quot; mucho más que &amp;quot;empaquetados&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T20:22:46.943" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23924" CreationDate="2018-01-23T03:22:59.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now, from a Colombian speaker&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 and 3 are &lt;strong&gt;totally incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;, as @Alicia says, so we have the other choices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 is used in formal and literary, but is not &lt;em&gt;forbiden&lt;/em&gt; in spoken ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 is the natural way (in Latin America) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the 1st case &lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; is a short way of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z60aNMi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tanto&lt;/a&gt; in its 19th significance, when is used &lt;em&gt;to compare&lt;/em&gt;. You could heard sentences like 3, not as questions but as affirmations (que alta esa jirafa, que bonita esa mujer, que barato ese celular)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The option suggested by Alicia, I only see some question like that reciently in a website and i belive that was a mistake from an automatic translator... ('How to' = 'Cómo de' without '¿') but now i know that is the usual way in Spain...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T03:22:59.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22583" CreationDate="2018-01-23T07:31:42.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión “Poner mirando pa’ Cuenca” se utiliza frecuentemente para&#xA;  hacer una clara referencia a la posición sexual conocida comúnmente&#xA;  como ‘postura del perro’ (o más formalmente ‘coito a tergo’) y por&#xA;  analogía la misma postura en la que se colocan los musulmanes a la&#xA;  hora de orar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si trazásemos una línea recta desde Madrid hacia La Meca (tal y como&#xA;  aparece en la imagen del mapa que ilustra este post) podremos observar&#xA;  que Cuenca está situada en la misma trayectoria, siendo la primera&#xA;  población/provincia en ese recorrido en línea recta saliendo desde la&#xA;  capital de España en dirección a la ciudad islámica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y es más que posible que sea esta la razón por la que se cambió la&#xA;  expresión, que en su origen era “Poner mirando a La Meca”, por la&#xA;  referencia de Cuenca con la intención de darle un sentido más castizo&#xA;  y cañí a un modismo que se utiliza, tal y como he especificado, como&#xA;  clara alusión a la postura y orientación en la que se colocan los&#xA;  musulmanes para realizar sus oraciones y su parecido a la mencionada&#xA;  postura sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-poner-mirando-a-cuenca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-poner-mirando-a-cuenca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11352" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T08:34:09.597" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T08:34:09.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23937" CreationDate="2018-01-23T09:24:55.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar una alternativa, se usa también el término &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;volumen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (entendido como &quot;volumen de información&quot; o &quot;de datos&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE define &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c2Xhjoi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;volumen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cuerpo material de un libro encuadernado, ya contenga la obra completa, o uno o más tomos de ella, o ya lo constituyan dos o más escritos diferentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por analogía con los &lt;em&gt;volúmenes&lt;/em&gt; de una obra impresa, cuando los archivos ZIP o RAR tenían que comprimirse en varios archivos para que cupieran en disquetes se les llamaba así. De hecho, el término se puede encontrar en la web:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para comprimir un archivo en varias partes solo tiene que especificar el tamaño que desea que tenga cada parte en la opción &lt;strong&gt;Partir en volúmenes&lt;/strong&gt; de la ventana de compresión.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.winrar.es/soporte/articulo/41?query=volumenes&amp;amp;PHPSESSID=0hbk735rmpg97mvic1287g95hl43kb7c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los archivos RAR constan de dos partes: el volumen de datos (RAR) y el volumen de recuperación (REV).&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.online-convert.com/es/formato-de-archivo/rar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, este término se usaba más cuando había que separar los archivos comprimidos en varios &lt;em&gt;volúmenes&lt;/em&gt;, cosa que hoy día ha perdido casi todo el sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T09:24:55.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T10:10:19.927" Score="11" ViewCount="4774" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que hoy día poca gente imagina cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. p. us. Soplar con el fuelle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Soltar una ventosidad sin ruido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Formar o componer en hojas algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. hollar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. desus. Talar o destruir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando se les habla de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IAeiVzH%7CIAepx9e%7CIAexPVB%7CIAjld1n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;follar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Es la siguiente acepción la que se nos viene a la cabeza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. vulg. Practicar el coito. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que esta acepción entró en el diccionario de la RAE en 1989. Por supuesto, aparecen muchos casos en el CORDE anteriores a esta fecha, con los significados descritos arriba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mandamos que ninguno non faga figura de cruz nin de santo nin de santa en sepultura nin en tapete nin en manto nin en otra cosa, para poner en lugar do se pueda follar conlos pies; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Cortes de Bribiesca de 1387&quot;, 1387 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Semita. femi. dela pri. declina. es la senda que fazen los ombres follando la con los pies continuamente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso de Palencia, &quot;Universal vocabulario en latín y en romance&quot;, 1490 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] ni quieras dar lugar a los enemigos de la Santa fe cathólica, que querrán follar los tus santos altares, en que se consagra cada día el tu santo cuerpo [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Crónica popular del Cid&quot;, 1512 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Sonar&quot;, i &quot;follar&quot;, i &quot;sollar&quot;, es: soplar las fuelles del herrero; palavras son komo ke manda al mozo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot;, 1627 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, entiendo que en algún momento debió de adquirir el significado sexual. Imagino que al principio pasaría como con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23922/12637&quot;&gt;joder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que la expresión se transmitiría de forma oral hasta que alguien se animó a escribirla. La cuestión es: ¿cuándo y cómo adquirió la palabra &lt;em&gt;follar&lt;/em&gt; el significado actual relativo al coito? ¿Se sabe cuál fue su primera aparición en textos escritos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-24T16:06:04.183" Title="¿Cuándo y cómo adquirió la palabra &quot;follar&quot; su acepción sexual?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18733" CreationDate="2018-01-23T11:44:00.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según tengo entendido, las desinencias se diferencian de los morfemas en que estas pueden estar formadas por varios morfemas verbales, dándose únicamente en los verbos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cant-áb-a-mos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cant&lt;/strong&gt;: raíz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;áb&lt;/strong&gt;: morfema de tiempo y modo (pretérito imperfecto de indicativo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;: morfema de persona (1ª persona)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mos&lt;/strong&gt;: morfema de número (plural)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18640" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T11:44:00.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23948" CreationDate="2018-01-23T13:47:24.087" Score="7" ViewCount="1673" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay ciertas construcciones que me son muy familiares pero que al pensar detenidamente en ellas me entra la duda y no sé qué justificación gramatical tienen (o si simplemente son incorrectas). Tal es el caso de oraciones donde el verbo parece estar conjugado en futuro, pero claramente se entiende que se hace referencia a algo que ya pasó (o para describir cosas que pasan en general, pero no necesariamente en el futuro). Para explicarme mejor, unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué habrá pasado? -&gt; Aunque parece un futuro perfecto, con esto entiendo que algo pasó, y queremos saber qué es. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué será eso? -&gt; Tiene casi el mismo sentido que &quot;¿qué es eso?&quot; pero contiene más duda, como sabiendo que una respuesta certera no es posible en el momento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué querrá decir esa señora? -&gt; Parecido al caso anterior. También se refiere a algo que se dijo o se está diciendo, pero no hay seguridad en obtener una respuesta directa, como sería el caso de preguntar &quot;¿Qué quiere decir esa señora?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son estos usos regionales (Colombia o latinoamérica) o se usan en toda parte? Si son correctos, ¿cómo le explicaría a un extranjero esa gramática?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-08T01:46:15.073" LastActivityDate="2018-07-08T01:48:38.637" Title="¿Es correcto usar el futuro para hablar del presente/pasado?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23946" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:18:40.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertos diálogos que utilizan verbos conjugados en futuro de indicativo no se utilizan para hablar de acciones futuras sino para expresar hipótesis referidas al momento presente. El hablante aún no tiene toda la información necesaria para expresar una afirmación, no sabe qué pasa exactamente y expresa lo que él cree probable o aproximado, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que está enfermo?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué estará pasando allá?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa para suposiciones o hipótesis en respuesta a preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no vino tu amigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-No lo sé, ¿estará enfermo en su casa?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué ella está tan nerviosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-¿Será que querrá decirme algo importante?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18641" LastEditorUserId="17759" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T16:01:17.307" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T16:01:17.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23946" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:18:51.673" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal como ya apuntaba Charlie en los comentarios, se trata del &lt;strong&gt;futuro de probabilidad&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.14h&lt;/strong&gt; Se llama FUTURO DE CONJETURA, FUTURO DE PROBABILIDAD o FUTURO EPISTÉMICO el que introduce alguna suposición del hablante relativa al presente, como en &lt;em&gt;Serán las ocho&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de 'Probablemente son las ocho' o 'Deben de ser las ocho'; &lt;em&gt;Estará enfadado conmigo&lt;/em&gt;, en el de 'Supongo que está enfadado conmigo' (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.14i&lt;/strong&gt; El futuro de conjetura también admite paráfrasis con verbos modales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué costará? ~ ¿Qué puede costar?;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;em&gt;Estará ocupado ~ Debe de estar ocupado.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;así como otros que introducen suposiciones y otras actitures proposicionales similares (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMfDRKyvXaPgAcLW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un uso habitual tanto en LATAM como en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre cómo explicárselo a un extranjero...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Aunque la RAE se extiende mucho más en el análisis de las interpretaciones y escenarios de uso, creo que la más fácil de comprender es que lo usamos cuando estamos bastante seguros de la respuesta a la pregunta que se plantea. Tan seguros, de hecho, que usamos un tiempo futuro, que implica certeza, antes que uno condicional.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T14:18:51.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23933" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:25:45.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because &quot;Me esta entrando sueño&quot; is not the literal translation of &quot;I'm getting drowsy&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation is &quot;Me estoy poniendo adormecido/me estoy adormeciendo&quot;, and while the translation is correct, it is not used a lot.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the literal English translation of &quot;Me esta entrando sueño&quot; is &quot;the sleepiness is getting into me&quot; (not very idiomatic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say that what you are getting is the translation of the idea but not the translation of the words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the verb &quot;Estar&quot; is only one of the two forms of the verb &quot;be&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ser/Estar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T17:16:45.700" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T17:16:45.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23946" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:26:23.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SefIJfgRojgEYFFm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo 23.14h&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llama FUTURO DE CONJETURA, FUTURO DE PROBABILIDAD o FUTURO EPISTÉMICO el que introduce alguna suposición del hablante relativa al presente, como en &lt;em&gt;Serán las ocho&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de 'Probablemente son las ocho' o 'Deben de ser las ocho' [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los siguientes párrafos se profundiza bastante en este uso del futuro, dando numerosos ejemplos similares a los que propones, en los cuales se sustituye una probabilidad presente por un futuro, como en &lt;em&gt;Estará ocupado&lt;/em&gt;, equivalente a &lt;em&gt;Debe de estar ocupado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OeUobNvihJAzZUgv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo 23.16r&lt;/a&gt; se añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La interpretación de futuro de conjetura [...] se extiende al futuro compuesto, como en &lt;em&gt;Habrá estado enfermo ~ Probablemente ha estado enfermo&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, este uso del futuro es universal y está perfectamente estudiado en la gramática. Aunque, curiosamente, sí que parece haber una diferencia regional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El futuro compuesto de conjetura equivale en unos países a un pretérito perfecto compuesto [...], como en &lt;em&gt;Me habré equivocado ~ Probablemente me he equivocado&lt;/em&gt;, y en otros, a un pretérito perfecto simple [...], como en &lt;em&gt;Me habré equivocado ~ Probablemente me equivoqué&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre cómo explicárselo a un extranjero, una opción sería explicar que frases como &lt;em&gt;¿Qué hora será?&lt;/em&gt; usan el futuro porque implican que ahora mismo no lo sabes, pero en un futuro lo puedes averiguar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T14:34:34.000" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T14:34:34.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23952" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:44:59.090" Score="13" ViewCount="11086" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;pea&quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until very, very recently, the only word I’ve ever known for the word “pea” is the word “guisante.”  That all changed when I stumbled upon the word “arveja,” which opened up a whole new can of peas for me and left me with more questions.  In addition to “guisante” and “arveja,” these are the words for &quot;pea&quot; that I came upon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chícharo, chaucha, judía, poroto, pésol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the following threads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/135413/guisantes-and-arvejas-translate-to-peas.-can-either-be-used&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;guisantes&quot; and &quot;arvejas&quot; translate to &quot;peas&quot;. Can either be used?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vcodigo=39199&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Guisante o arveja?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first left me wanting more and the second kind of blew my mind because not only did it include a bunch of words, it also included ones that I thought meant something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, do all of these words mean “pea” and do any regional differences exist for this word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta hace muy, muy poco, la única palabra que he conocido por la palabra &quot;pea&quot; es la palabra «guisante».  Todo eso cambió cuando topé la palabra «arveja», que abrió una nueva lata completa de guisantes para mí y me dejó con aún más preguntas.  En adición a «guisante» y «arveja» lo que sigue es lo que encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chícharo, chaucha, judía, poroto, pésol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en los hilos siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véase en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero me dejó queriendo más y el segundo me voló la cabeza un poquito porque no sólo incluía un montón de palabras, sino que también incluía unas que pensé significaba algo diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿todas estas palabras significan “pea”?  Y, ¿existen diferencias regionales para esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T03:23:32.840" LastActivityDate="2019-01-20T20:23:47.290" Title="How is “pea” translated into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2018-01-23T14:44:59.090" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all I found all sorts of variations of “pea” in English, so I needed to clarify some things in my own language before I could attempt to answer this.  Rather than recreate the wheel, I’m just going to paste what I found in an article over at The Spruce:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When most of us think of peas, we picture the small, round, green balls that are so hard to grab with your fork. These are traditionally known as English peas. They also go by shelling peas, common peas, standard peas, and garden peas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thespruce.com/garden-vs-snow-and-sugar-snap-1403487&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Which Pea Variety is Right for Your Garden?”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;by Marie Iannotti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is this type of pea translated into Spanish?  Well, it sometimes depends on which country you live in, so I’ve included regional notes throughout this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The first peas in the pod&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arveja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be universally recognized as the word for “pea” in both Latin America and Spain.  The phrase “aveja común” means “common pea” and should also be recognized as a reference to the common pea in Spanish-speaking countries around the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guisante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw evidence (via online commentary) that this word is recognized as the word for “pea” in Spain and Mexico.  I can’t vouch for anything beyond that yet, but if you continue reading, you'll see that I did what I could to look into it.  By the way, variations on this include: guisante forrajero (field pea), guisante cultivado (cultivated pea), and guisante verde (green pea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chícharo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word for “pea,” but this (according to one definition I saw) can also mean “strong throw.”  Where, exactly?  I don’t know.  Again, I should add the qualifier “yet” because I did a little pseudo-scientific research on this word, too.  Still, if you're from a country that uses this word to mean “strong throw” or anything other than “pea,” please add that information to a comment or an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chaucha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This word can mean “pod,” but as far as I know, it does not mean “pea,” specifically.  In fact, one source I used mentioned that this is a vulgar word making reference to a certain part of a male’s anatomy.  For some reason, I was a bit skeptical, so I decided to do a Google image search.  Granted, I probably have some good “safety” filters in place, but I found no evidence of this word being used to refer to male anatomy.  Instead, I saw photo after photo of a green vegetable in a pod.  However, that green vegetable in a pod was not a pea.  It was a green bean.  For this, and the aforementioned reason, I wouldn’t use this for the word “pea.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;judía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not a pea.  This is usually found in its plural form in front of the word “verdes.”  It means “green beans.”  Again, not a pea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poroto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word, but not for “pea,” well, not exactly.  It means “bean” or “pea” (but not the green garden kind).  It is often found in its plural form as “porotos de manteca&quot; (butter beans) or “porotos alubias” (black-eyed peas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pésol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just listed as a “pea.”  Initially I thought this would be a well-known word for “pea” in Spain, but when compared to the numbers for “guisante” it is rather negligible.  Where it appears to be most widely used is in the Rioplatense region of South America (Uruguay, Argentina).  It might be known by some in Colombia as well.  The word “pésol” also happens to be the word for “pea” in Catalán.  In fact, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Princess_and_the_Pea&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Princess and the Pea,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; was translated into that language as &lt;em&gt;La Princesa i el pésol.&lt;/em&gt;  In Spanish, it is &lt;em&gt;La Princesa y el guisante.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;snow peas/Chinese pea pods&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Snow peas and Chinese pea pods are the same thing.  If you want to specify this type of pea in Spanish, you would use “arveja china.”  This is not to be confused with the &quot;frijol chino&quot; or &quot;frijol mungo,&quot; which, as you may have already guessed, is the name for &quot;mung bean.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sweet peas/sugar snap peas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sweet peas and sugar snap peas are not the same thing.  In fact, the seed of the sweet pea is actually poisonous.  Its name in Spanish is “guisante de olor” or “arvejilla.”  If you want to specify “sugar snap pea,” use “arveja dulce” or “guisante dulce.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The pod count&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the names for “pea” already encountered, I ran into a slew more.  At this point, I decided to do a bit of pseudo-scientific research by running these through a Google search, filtered by country and language (Spanish).  What I found is in the chart below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/LOloHhW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/2g6NpIZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that trying to find language patterns through the tea leaves of Google pages is not an exact science, but it’s the best method I know of right now for studying regional differences in a language that spans so many countries.  With regard to my searches, I only added numbers for each word if I got a strong sense that the word was closely associated with what we refer to as a “garden pea” or “common pea” or any similarly named pea.  When it appeared to refer to something else, I simply added what the word appeared to be referring to (and these notes were later deleted so that you would have a cleaner chart to view).  Anything of significance about them will be added later in this answer.  Also be aware that if a word has more than one meaning, I have no good way of extrapolating counts for which pages apply to which.  Like I said, this is not an exact science.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes on the various words for “pea”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One word for pea in this study has two spelling variations — alberja and &lt;strong&gt;alverja.&lt;/strong&gt;  The preferred spelling was always “alverja” in those countries where this word appeared to be a word for “pea.”  Some countries (such as Guatemala and Colombia) gave me the impression that “alverja” may be a generic term for pea and can be used to refer to both the common pea as well as the snow pea (or Chinese pea pod).  This may be true of other countries as well, but if so, it wasn’t evident in the way that it appeared to be for Guatemala and Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;“bisalto”&lt;/strong&gt; only appeared to be a word for “pea” — the common type — in Ecuador, but instances of it were so few that I am skeptical.  In those countries where it did seem to refer to some sort of a “pea” but not a common pea (Spain, Guatemala, Peru, Chile, and possibly Costa Rica, Colombia, Bolivia, and Argentina), images of it appeared to be that of the “snow pea” or “Chinese pea pod” variety.  Later, I ran this word through WordReference.  &lt;strong&gt;“Snow pea”&lt;/strong&gt; is the only translation listed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don’t know why &lt;a href=&quot;http://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/bizco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (now Term Bank) listed “bizco” as a word for “pea.”  Usually it appeared to be referring to those afflicted with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=strabismus&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiptdzL-e3YAhUWS2MKHQXPCggQ_AUICigB&amp;amp;biw=878&amp;amp;bih=712&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;strabismus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and this ranged from people to cats.  As I went through my list, I kept asking myself, &lt;em&gt;Is this the country where this word refers to a pea?&lt;/em&gt; but, alas, it never came to be.  Paraguay came close.  It showed a couple of images that appeared to be some type of food, but there were certainly no clear patterns in this mix (at least as far as food was concerned).  Regardless of my inability to find any connection between “bizco” and “pea,” if you come from a country where “bizco” is the word for it (or any kind of pea … or food), please mention it in a comment or in an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G4WU5kw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario Real Academia Española (DRAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mentions that “ervilla” is an alternate name for “arveja,” but I saw no evidence of that via Google searches or through the Google Ngram.  Then again, a visit to WordReference will inform you that “arveja” when paired with the word “partida” means “split pea.”  That said, the only country where “ervilla” showed up in strong numbers with images to prove it was in Argentina.  Spain also had significant numbers with this word (ervilla), but if it also had correlating images of the split pea (or any other kind of pea), it wasn’t hitting me in the face with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;“chícharo”&lt;/strong&gt; was somewhat interesting.  Most of the time, it gave me a good feeling that it referred to the word “pea,” but a couple of times it also appeared to be showing a strong correlation with some professional ball player, whose nickname, if I remember correctly, is “Chicharito.”  I mentioned earlier that “chícharo” can mean “strong throw.”  This would make sense.  Well, it would if Chicharito played baseball instead of Mexican professional football.  The last time I checked, that sport doesn’t involve any throwing.  Perhaps it can mean “strong kick” as well, and with a name like “Chicharito,” perhaps he has one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word “petpuá” was listed as a word for “pea” at Term Bank, but not only did I not find strong correlations of this word and “pea,” many times it didn’t appear to be on &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; web page in many of the countries I looked at — half did not return any results for this word at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;“vainica”&lt;/strong&gt; was also listed as a word for “pea,” but it rarely appeared to be associated with any food substance at all and when it did, it appeared to be a word for &lt;strong&gt;“green bean.”&lt;/strong&gt;  Where?  Guatemala, Bolivia, Costa Rica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the last thing I’ll do in this section is end it with what might be good news for you, but is definitely good news for me.  First of all, if “guisante” is the only word you learned for &lt;strong&gt;“pea,”&lt;/strong&gt; you’re in luck.  No other word appears to be more closely associated with that word than &lt;strong&gt;“guisante.”&lt;/strong&gt;  This is followed closely by &lt;strong&gt;“arveja,”&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;these two words are known as “pea” in every Spanish-speaking country on the planet.&lt;/strong&gt;  Secondly, among the many words for “pea” that I have recently been introduced to, it appears that only four* actually refer to “pea” — the green, garden, common type — across the Spanish-speaking countries.  (The only exception being Equatorial Guinea which seems to only recognize “arveja” and “guisante” from among the words included in this answer, but it may have other words for “pea” that I have not yet heard of.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Technically five if you count “alverja’s” alternative spelling — alberja — but possibly only three if you suspect that both “alberja” and “alverja” might be alternative spellings of “arveja.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/1c421ba3-6553-4c57-99c8-39d2d55a69de&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let’s concentrate on the steak, not the peas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compiling numbers on peas isn’t all that worthwhile in itself, unless you do something with those numbers.  So, here are some takeaways from the numbers I compiled:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Google’s search engine of web pages is any indicator of how language is actually used, what follows (and anything I’ve written previously) applies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spain sure has a lot of pages about peas, but it is only a little&#xA;more than half of the total for South America.*  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Those living in &lt;strong&gt;Central America&lt;/strong&gt; seem to prefer the word&#xA;    &lt;strong&gt;“arveja”&lt;/strong&gt; for “pea,” but “chícharo” is a close second.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Chícharo”&lt;/strong&gt; is the word to use for “pea” in the &lt;strong&gt;Caribbean&lt;/strong&gt; Spanish-speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In all but two &lt;strong&gt;South American&lt;/strong&gt; countries (Venezula and Chile),&#xA;    the most common word for “pea” is &lt;strong&gt;“arveja.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everywhere else (&lt;strong&gt;Spain, Equatorial Guinea, Mexico&lt;/strong&gt;), but also the&#xA;    exceptions to the aforementioned regions in the bullets above&#xA;    (&lt;strong&gt;Dominican Republic&lt;/strong&gt; in the Caribbean; &lt;strong&gt;Venezuela&lt;/strong&gt; and&#xA;    &lt;strong&gt;Chile&lt;/strong&gt; in South America), use &lt;strong&gt;“guisante”&lt;/strong&gt; for the word “pea.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Still, the number is considerable when you factor in that Spain's population is a tenth of what South America's is.  Granted, the average Spaniard is more likely than the average South American to have access to the internet (internet penetration rates are approximately 30-40% higher in Spain), and many other factors could contribute to such a high number of pages containing some Spanish word for &quot;pea&quot; on them, but even so, I walk away from this with the impression that the &quot;pea&quot; must be a fairly common staple in a Spaniard's diet.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources: Multiple to include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/pea&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Term Bank, English-Spanish translations for “pea”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=pea&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference, English-Spanish translations for “pea”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-25T22:04:57.483" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T22:04:57.483" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2018-01-23T16:27:41.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a note about Spain's terminology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MZoCnHr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;judía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can be the plant, the pod or the bean. A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=jud%C3%ADas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Images search&lt;/a&gt; makes me think &quot;pod&quot; is the most usual meaning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JvBitQl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habichuela&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can also be the plant, the pod or the bean. A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=habichuelas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Images search&lt;/a&gt; seems to show that it is used for both pod and beans.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=28Mk82v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alubia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can also be (you guessed it) the plant, the pod or the bean, at least technically; though it is used most often for the beans (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=alubias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Images search&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above three can be more or less synonyms, depending on the Spanish region. In my area &lt;em&gt;judía&lt;/em&gt; means the plant or the pod, and the beans are called &lt;em&gt;habichuelas&lt;/em&gt;. In some other areas it may be exactly the contrary (as inferred from the existing answers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say this just to make clear that current &quot;in Spain&quot; answers do not necessarily apply to &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; of Spain. Don't be surprised if you ask for &lt;em&gt;habichuelas con jamón&lt;/em&gt; and get served &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.casasblancas.es/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/2673.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; in some places and &lt;a href=&quot;https://alternomedia.net/el-serranito/recetas/images/products/habichuelas-blancas.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; in some others :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JuuLons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;haba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is used specifically for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia_faba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;broad bean&lt;/a&gt; (plant, pod or beans -- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=habas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Images search&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=bajoca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bajoca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is used in south-eastern Spain to refer to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=bajocas&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;green pod variety&lt;/a&gt; (it is a Catalan word, so it is probably used in all of eastern Spain too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T01:14:22.220" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T01:14:22.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T17:25:29.073" Score="6" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the DELE (&lt;a href=&quot;https://examenes.cervantes.es/es/presentacion/dele&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extanjera&lt;/a&gt;) some years ago this (simplfied) sentence was given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba cansado de las quejas de su hija porque sus compañeras ____ ensuciaban las puntas de las trenzas en el tintero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 3 choices were:  &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;; and &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; was the correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand what the sentence means but I do not understand how to parse the clause &lt;em&gt;&quot;porque ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In other words: what are the grammatical roles of &lt;em&gt;&quot;la&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;compañeras&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;puntas&lt;/em&gt; in that clause?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm asking a technical question. What rule is being used to select &lt;em&gt;&quot;la&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?  Is this something special about &lt;em&gt;ensuciar&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18642" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T09:39:04.883" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T09:39:04.883" Title="Is this use of 'la' in &quot;sus compañeras 'la' ensuciaban las trenzas&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23954" CreationDate="2018-01-23T17:55:30.920" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's of any consolation to you, I would have chosen &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; with 100% confidence.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;correct&quot; answer is actually wrong IMO, since the direct object to &lt;em&gt;ensuciaban&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;las puntas&lt;/em&gt;, so the missing pronoun can only point to the &lt;strong&gt;indirect&lt;/strong&gt; object &lt;em&gt;su hija&lt;/em&gt;; thus, the answer must be &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF#5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estaba cansado de la quejas de su hija porque sus compañeras &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; ensuciaban las puntas de las trenzas en el tintero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DPD link above basically says that the indirect object pronoun is always &lt;em&gt;le(s)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be a case of &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/la%c3%adsmo-le%c3%adsmo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;la&amp;#237;smo-le&amp;#237;smo&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;la&amp;#237;smo-le&amp;#237;smo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T18:18:35.403" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T18:18:35.403" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2018-01-23T19:18:38.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just one thing, I see that your chart is wrong, I'm chilean, and I don't remember anybody saying &lt;strong&gt;guisante&lt;/strong&gt; talking about &lt;strong&gt;peas&lt;/strong&gt;, it is truth that chileans tend to copy words from other places, and I've been living abroad for 18 years already, but I doubt very much that chilean people has gone so far as to change the word &quot;arveja&quot;, that we always use, to &quot;guisante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T19:18:38.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2018-01-23T20:46:16.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Mexico. The word for 'pea' that is most commonly used in Mexico is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8iUopVF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chícharo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Even a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javier_Hern%C3%A1ndez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;famous Mexican soccer player&lt;/a&gt; is named after this pea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12557" LastEditorUserId="12557" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T20:53:56.773" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T20:53:56.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2018-01-23T22:47:28.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuban Spanish, and possibly other Carribean Spanish, uses the word &quot;pitipua&quot;, derived from the French &quot;petit poid&quot;, or little spot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18648" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T22:47:28.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-24T00:11:41.010" Score="4" ViewCount="1114" Body="&lt;p&gt;A partir de un mensaje de whatsapp que escribí, me surgió una duda (no existencial, pero casi). Quería recriminarle a alguien que no había cumplido un compromiso o que se había excedido en un plazo, y escribí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya &lt;strong&gt;va a hacer&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses desde que firmamos el convenio (y nada ha ocurrido).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la lengua hablada, me sonaba familiar el plural &amp;quot;van a ser&amp;quot; (descarté &amp;quot;van a hacer&amp;quot; porque &amp;quot;hacer&amp;quot; es impersonal en esas construcciones y por lo tanto siempre se conjuga en tercera persona del singular), y se me ocurrió buscar en Google Books (sólo busqué &amp;quot;tres meses&amp;quot;, pero otras combinaciones de meses y años serían posibles). Curiosamente, encontré varios ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Van a ser&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses desde que la vi esa vez.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=IbpUk0i7pDYC&amp;amp;pg=PT57&amp;amp;dq=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiyvLnyou_YAhVHFpAKHZkGCGAQ6AEIQjAF#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Van a ser&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses que nos hemos quedado sin ella.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=lzvdCwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA72&amp;amp;dq=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiyvLnyou_YAhVHFpAKHZkGCGAQ6AEIWjAJ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;El sábado &lt;strong&gt;van a ser&lt;/strong&gt; tres meses desde que Rafael entró en el hospital con múltiples fracturas.&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=_dzEBQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA122&amp;amp;dq=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjnwczYpe_YAhVEGpAKHeCMBzg4ChDoAQgvMAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22van%20a%20ser%20tres%20meses%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré —debo decir— más ejemplos (aparentemente más confiables) de la forma que considero correcta, &amp;quot;va a hacer tres meses&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quienes crean que la forma (para mí objetable) &amp;quot;van a ser X meses/años&amp;quot; es correcta, favor argumentar. Cualquier fuente que avale o justifique el uso de &amp;quot;van a ser X meses/años&amp;quot; será apreciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T00:17:22.657" Title="¿Con qué argumentos darían por correcta la forma &quot;Van a ser X meses/años desde que...&quot; (en lugar de &quot;va a hacer X meses/años desde que...&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23964" CreationDate="2018-01-24T04:09:24.800" Score="11" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;He notado que en inglés existen ciertas formas de enmascarar el género de alguien cuando se desconoce o no se quiere indicar. Por ejemplo, en sitios como &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;The Workplace&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://interpersonal.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Interpersonal skills&lt;/a&gt; se podrían leer cosas como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a new intern/friend and &lt;strong&gt;they&lt;/strong&gt; do this and that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando una tercera persona del plural, para evitar usar los &lt;em&gt;he/she&lt;/em&gt; de la tercera persona del singular. Con la primera persona del singular no tienen problemas, porque muchos de sus adjetivos no delatan el género del interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español el masculino es a veces usado como género &quot;neutro&quot; o como género para referirnos a un grupo formado por miembros de ambos sexos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna manera en la que pueda enmascarar mi género al hablar en español (en particular para el uso del lenguaje que se hace en las nuevas tecnologías, como Internet)? Por ejemplo, en lugar de decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy completamente &lt;strong&gt;seguro&lt;/strong&gt; de lo que digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría usar algún recurso o circunloquio para no usar &quot;seguro&quot; ni &quot;segura&quot; (ni &quot;segur@&quot;) que podrían dar indicaciones, aunque fuesen falsas, de la pertenencia a un sexo u otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T07:41:55.730" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T07:50:18.150" Title="¿Es posible ocultar mi género en Internet al hablar en español?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23963" CreationDate="2018-01-24T04:53:59.133" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que el masculino es el caso no marcado, y el femenino es el marcado (singular y plural función casi de igual forma), pero obviamente eso no ayuda en Internet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay textos que se han escrito en castellano en que se desconocen por completo si alguien es hombre o mujer (ahora no caigo en el nombre, pero recuerdo haber leído uno en una clase de literatura española romanticista).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única forma de hacerlo sería, en cualquier momento de tener que relacionar un adjetivo con el propio ser, hacer una de varias cosas (cada una no valdrá para todas las situaciones, pero imagino casi siempre debe de ser posible ocultar, incluso sonando algo natural):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Convertir el adjetivo en algún sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt;, modificando el verbo según necesidad:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy segura&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt; que… → Tengo la certeza que…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy viejo&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;. → Tengo muchos años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy agripada&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt; → Tengo la gripe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emplear otro sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt; al que aplicar el adjetivo, mejor si es más específico, epiceno o invariable en cuanto a género.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy quemado&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;. → Mi piel está quemada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy alta&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt;. → Soy una persona alta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy profesor&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;. → Soy docente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy senador&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;.  → Soy miembro del Senado&lt;sub&gt; (a menos que seas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20080611/ministra-igualdad-bibiana-aido-se-ratifica-uso-del-termino-miembra/83911.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bibiana Aído&lt;/a&gt;, caso no vale)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Utilizar la forma verbal del adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt;, cambiando el tiempo o sujeto si es necesario&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy enfadado&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt; porque… → Me &lt;sup&gt;he&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;ha&lt;/sub&gt; enfadado porque…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy licenciada&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt; en… → Me licencié en…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy interesado&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt; en… → Me interesa&lt;sub&gt;/n&lt;/sub&gt;…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Soy árbitra&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt; de fútbol  → Arbitro los juegos de fútbol  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modificar la oración por completo&lt;/strong&gt;, la opción menos fácil pero quizás podría resultar lo más natural (no caigo en buenos ejemplos de momento pero en cuanto alguien me dé unos ejemplos en que las primeras tres no son válidas os los doy jaja)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estoy agotada&lt;sub&gt;/o&lt;/sub&gt; → Necesito descansar. / &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/cmexg1sMs_0?t=49s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Me voy arriba&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino en algunos casos sería necesario utilizar un sinónimo como algunos adjetivos carecen de formas verbales o sustantivales, mientras en otros, varias opciones serían posibles (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;estoy deprimido&lt;sub&gt;/a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; podría ser tanto &lt;em&gt;tengo depresión&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;me he deprimido&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;me deprimió&lt;/em&gt; según el resto del contexto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T07:50:18.150" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T07:50:18.150" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23946" CreationDate="2018-01-24T05:36:24.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esta respuesta parcial, voy a dirigirme a la última parte de la pregunta, ¿cómo le explicaría a un extranjero esa gramática?  Voy a tomar el caso de explicar a alguien que habla inglés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although there is a future tense in Spanish, it isn't often used to talk about simple future facts.  (For that, the present tense plus an appropriate adverb or context usually gets the job done.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there's an idiomatic way to use the future tense, to express speculation, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué habrá pasado? | &lt;em&gt;I wonder what happened. (Literally, what will have happened?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué será eso? | &lt;em&gt;What is that? (Literally, what will that be?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué querrá decir esa señora? | &lt;em&gt;What does that woman mean? (Literally, what will that woman mean?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can think of it like a prediction of what the conclusion may turn out to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get your feet wet and start using this construction, try using it when proposing a possible explanation, by prefacing your sentence with &amp;quot;¿Será que ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que tal funcionario del gobierno está mintiendo? | &lt;em&gt;Do you think such-and-so government official will turn out to have been lying?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que se durmió desde los primeros acordes del concierto? | &lt;em&gt;Is it likely that he fell asleep right from the opening chords of the concerto?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you gain experience, you'll be able to be more colorful, with a specific verb conjugated in the future tense, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tal funcionario del gobierno estará mintiendo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se habrá dormido desde los primeros acordes del concierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-08T01:48:38.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23933" CreationDate="2018-01-24T05:59:13.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary you consulted is giving an idiomatic use of the verb &amp;quot;entrar.&amp;quot;  Yes, &lt;strong&gt;ponerse&lt;/strong&gt; (I think you had a tiny typo with &lt;em&gt;poderse&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;strong&gt;convertirse&lt;/strong&gt; can indeed be used for transitions, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya empiezo a ponerme más relajado/a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tormenta se está conviertiendo en algo serio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is generally the case that an idiom could be substituted with a more straightforward word or phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, an idiom is something that does not take its meaning from the direct sum of the parts.  Instead, the special grouping of words takes on a special meaning that's not obvious from putting the bits and pieces together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you gain experience with Spanish idioms, you will find that they give a special kind of pleasure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the part of your question that asks about &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;: yes, it is possible to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me entra sueño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(without &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; being part of the sentence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; being part of the sentence is that it is being used to construct a &lt;em&gt;present progressive&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;present continuous&lt;/em&gt; tense.  Compare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) He gets sleepy every day around 4 pm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) He is getting sleepy now -- he woke up very early this morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T17:01:25.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22707" CreationDate="2018-01-24T09:29:41.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your question let's go through the common uses of subjunctive in spanish and try to find a pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express feelings: Me gusta que &lt;em&gt;seas&lt;/em&gt; trabajador (indicative is allowed to emphasize a fact : Me gusta que eres trabajador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express an opinion: Es triste que no seas trabajador (indicative is allowed to emphasize a fact : Es triste que no eres trabajador)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express doubt: No creo que &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt; (indicative is incorrect: &quot;No creo que viene&quot;)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wish or hope: ¿Quieres que &lt;em&gt;trabajemos&lt;/em&gt; juntos? (indicative is incorrect: &quot;¿Quieres que trabajamos juntos?&quot;). &quot;Que &lt;em&gt;duermas&lt;/em&gt; bien&quot; (indicative is incorrect: &quot;Que &lt;em&gt;duermes&lt;/em&gt; bien&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking for something or giving advice: Te pido que te lo &lt;em&gt;pienses&lt;/em&gt; (indicative is incorrect : &quot;Te pido que te lo piensas&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indirect imperative : &quot;Dile que &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (indicative is incorrect : &quot;Dile que viene&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To describe something unknown : &quot;Quiero una galleta que tenga chocolate&quot; (indicative is incorrect : &quot;Quiero una galleta que tiene chocolate&quot;, but you would use indicative to describe a cookie which is known : &quot;Quiero &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; galleta que &lt;em&gt;tiene&lt;/em&gt; chocolate&quot; )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express a goal: &quot;Este dinero es para que te compres algo bonito&quot; (indicative is incorrect : &quot;Este dinero es para que te compras algo bonito&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express future: &quot;Cuando &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt; el paquete lo sabremos&quot;. Interestingly enough, when the future is less certain, indicative is used : &quot;Si viene el paquete lo sabremos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To express a condition: &quot;Estés o no estés de acuerdo, lo haremos a mi manera&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, it is extremely difficult to summarize the uses in just a couple of sentences. Most of the time there is a fixed pattern and only subjunctive can be used, these sentences seem to express uncertain, unverified or unspecific facts. When it isn't, indicative is usually used to express more certainty. So the second definition matches better the current use of subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first definition of 1771 the second paragraph defines an use which is proven wrong by the last example I gave. Subjunctive can be used by its own in Spanish, though rarely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explanation about where the word &quot;subjunctive&quot; comes from seems to be correct. It comes from Latin &quot;subjungere&quot; which is the present active infinitive of subjungō that means &quot;join with&quot; or &quot;unite&quot; / &quot;subdue&quot; or &quot;subject&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, I would say both definitions are mostly correct for current uses, but inaccurate. Still I can't think of a more accurate definition in one &#xA;sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T09:29:41.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23968" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-24T11:29:47.037" Score="8" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de una charla que acabo de mantener con un colega del trabajo, formulo esta pregunta relacionada con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17437/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es el proceso para eliminar una palabra del DRAE?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo ha venido a raíz de la palabra &lt;em&gt;gambesón&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;saco acolchado que llegaba hasta media pierna y se ponía debajo de la armadura&quot;). La definición está sacada del DLE de 2001 porque en la versión de 2014 (o puede que en la actualización de 2017), y a pesar de existir en el DLE desde 1884, esta palabra ha desaparecido del diccionario. Eliminada. Lo que me extraña es que en ningún momento ha estado marcada como &quot;en desuso&quot;. Y más me extraña que se haya eliminado teniendo en cuenta el auge que hay con el tema de las recreaciones medievales: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tienda-medieval.com/es/184-gambesones&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí tenéis una web&lt;/a&gt; donde venden gambesones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cómo se decide si una palabra se debe marcar como &quot;en desuso&quot; o si se debe eliminar del diccionario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T12:05:11.150" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T21:16:34.580" Title="¿Cómo se decide si una palabra se tiene que marcar como &quot;en desuso&quot; o eliminarla del diccionario?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23962" CreationDate="2018-01-24T12:16:23.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo que es porobable que se deba a una distorsión por seseo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;a hacer → a a ser → a ser.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me parece muy bella la versatilidad de nuestro idioma, pues igualmente se pueden encontrar argumentos que conviertan la segunda en válida. Es tan simple como suponer una elipsis de la palabra &quot;cumplidos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Van a ser cumplidos tres meses...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También valdrían otros sinónimos. Es solo un posible argumento que se me ha ocurrido, algo artificial, pero podría servir para &quot;salvar&quot; esa expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T12:16:23.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23971" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23972" CreationDate="2018-01-24T16:08:13.770" Score="4" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't speak Spanish, but it seems Spanish is a nice parallel to a language I am studying, concerning reciprocal constructions, specifically &quot;los unos ... los otros&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if you could tell me if some of these variants would be grammatical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making both elements singular?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using no connective, i.e. &quot;los unos los otros&quot; without preposition in between (from the example below it seems that this is possible - is this usage frequent or restrictive?)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using a conjuction, i.e. &quot;los unos [and] los otros&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With another reciprocal marker (e.g. &quot;juntos&quot;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/15260/18656&quot;&gt;have seen&lt;/a&gt; that &quot;los unos las cargas de los otros&quot; (with a genetive as second participant) is allowed. Would this also be possible with the first participant, something like &quot;las cargas de los unos ... los otros&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are dialectal differences, I would be interested in that as well although it is not the main focus of this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18656" LastEditorDisplayName="user18656" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T16:41:47.047" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T13:59:01.140" Title="Variants of &quot;los unos ... los otros&quot;" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23971" CreationDate="2018-01-24T16:27:06.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los unos los otros&lt;/em&gt; is not possible as reciprocal, because a only subjects and direct objects can lack any sort of preposition in front.  And even then, anthropomorphic/ized direct objects &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and even if not, if there is the potential for confusion, then the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; becomes necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los unos y los otros&lt;/em&gt; is perfectly grammatical, but not as anything reciprocal.  This grouping would function find to refer to two different groups that collectively comprise, e.g., the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se abrazan juntos los unos a los otros&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit weird, but grammatically is fine and there may be some situation where it makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;el uno al otro&lt;/em&gt; is fine, and implies that there are only two people involved.  While uncommon, you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; (but not required) have the genders be different (ditto in plural) if for instance we refer to a couple: &lt;em&gt;Ana y Juan se peinaron, no a sí mismos, sino el uno a la otra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure you mention at the end is valid but in many cases (especially the genitive) it would be best to let the thing being owned function as the direct object, and leaving the &lt;em&gt;unos&lt;/em&gt; as the subject and &lt;em&gt;otros&lt;/em&gt; as the indirect object.  The only reason the example you gave works is because it comes from a command where (necessarily) &lt;em&gt;los unos&lt;/em&gt; cannot function as the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T23:22:54.510" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T23:22:54.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-24T20:07:46.247" Score="3" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish equivalent to &quot;doggie paddle&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means for a human to swim like a dog, i.e. body almost vertical in the water and the two hands alternately grabbing the water ahead without breaking the surface. It looks similar to how a dog swims.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A google search reveals the phrase &quot;nadar como los perros&quot;,which sounds correct, but a reverse search yields only dog related articles, not human swimming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18660" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T05:22:30.900" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T05:22:30.900" Title="Word in spanish for &quot;doggie paddle&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23971" CreationDate="2018-01-24T20:29:30.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;los unos&quot; and &quot;los otros&quot; can be used as separate phrases to refer to two different groups, or can be joined by a conjunction (for example, &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;) or by a preposition (for example, &lt;em&gt;a, con&lt;/em&gt;) to indicate different relationships.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To express reciprocity, you need to reinforce with an adverbial like &quot;mutuamente&quot; (mutually) or &quot;entre sí&quot; (with each other, with one another).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More usual than &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; unos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; otros&lt;/em&gt; (which can sound rather heavy) are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;otros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as shown by these NGram charts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NtQuL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NtQuL.png&quot; alt=&quot;unos y otros&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZQFpv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZQFpv.png&quot; alt=&quot;unos a otros&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u6ZWG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u6ZWG.png&quot; alt=&quot;unos con otros&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T13:59:01.140" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T13:59:01.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23973" CreationDate="2018-01-24T20:57:58.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always heard &quot;nadar perrito&quot; (which is short for &quot;nadar estilo perrito&quot;, literally &quot;to swim puppy style&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find some videos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYwadTk3B_8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nadar perrito&lt;/a&gt; which illustrate this &quot;swimming style&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if some introductory word can be used as suggested by other members (&lt;em&gt;nadar estilo/tipo perrito, nadar a lo perrito, etc.&lt;/em&gt;), the mere juxtaposition of &quot;perrito&quot; makes it sound like a real style. Compare with &lt;em&gt;nadar crol, nadar pecho, nadar espalda, nadar mariposa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T21:12:12.287" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T21:12:12.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23888" CreationDate="2018-01-24T21:59:26.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the answer by Alicia, you might take into consideration the regional variant in Argentina and Uruguay: &lt;strong&gt;decime&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;dime&lt;/strong&gt;. It can be used in all the previous cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Decime si hay algo con (lo) que pueda ayudarte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Decime si puedo ayudarte con/en algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Decime si puedo hacer algo por ti.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18662" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T21:59:26.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23962" CreationDate="2018-01-25T00:17:22.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si puedo justificar &quot;van a ser&quot; lo suficiente para tí, porque tu español es impecable.  Y la verdad creo que &quot;va a hacer&quot; es mejor.  Sin embargo &quot;van a ser&quot; no me parece horrible y te doy mi justificación.  No tengo fuente sino lógica nomás, perdón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Van a ser tres gatos en una casa cuando llegue la tía de visita de verano con su gata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este sentido, &quot;Van a ser X meses desde que...&quot; parece razonable.  Pero para expresiones de tiempo, &quot;hacer&quot; es la herramienta más adecuada, como por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace X meses que llegó la tía de visita con su gata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que la influencia del inglés ha tenido algo que ver con los enlaces que encontraste con &quot;van a ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T00:17:22.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23888" CreationDate="2018-01-25T02:25:10.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As i remember in some mexican tv shows (as Chespirito, el Chavo or Cantinflas movies), is more used the sentences with &lt;em&gt;Digame&lt;/em&gt; (with the pronoun &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt;) so you could said something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Digame si le ayudo con algo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Digame si necesita mi ayuda&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Digame en que le puedo ayudar&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T02:25:10.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23981" CreationDate="2018-01-25T10:09:06.407" Score="5" ViewCount="4427" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto de tener hijos hace que tengas que volver a aprender multitud de conceptos. El ejemplo más reciente es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que estamos en una posición determinada de la calle. Vemos un árbol a lo lejos. Y resulta que entre el árbol y nosotros hay un coche del que no vemos muchos detalles. A priori sin saber nada más el árbol está &quot;detrás del coche&quot; (&quot;detrás&quot; porque en la línea de visión desde nosotros al árbol, este está detrás del coche).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ahora resulta que nos acercamos, nos fijamos, y el coche está puesto con el morro mirando hacia el árbol. Para nosotros el árbol ahora está &quot;delante del coche&quot; (&quot;delante&quot; porque está &quot;en la parte delantera del coche&quot;). Pero mi hijo sigue diciendo que está &quot;detrás del coche&quot; porque sigue aplicando la lógica anterior con independencia de &quot;hacia donde esté mirando el coche&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, tenemos un árbol de Schrödinger que puede estar al mismo tiempo delante y detrás del coche. La primera pregunta es: ¿cómo se puede justificar esta dualidad según las definiciones de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C61cg3i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;delante&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DahefUx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;detrás&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en el DLE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, si el coche fuera una caja, entonces las dudas se despejan y el árbol estaría indiscutiblemente &quot;detrás de la caja&quot;, nunca &quot;delante&quot;. La segunda pregunta (y siguientes) es: ¿en el uso de &quot;delante&quot; y &quot;detrás&quot; en estos casos, prevalece siempre en el lenguaje (a la hora de expresar su posición) el que el objeto intermedio tenga una parte delantera y una trasera, más que la posición del objeto con respecto a nuestra línea de visión? ¿Por qué &quot;detrás del coche&quot; se interpreta siempre como &quot;en la parte trasera del coche&quot; y no como &quot;detrás según nuestra línea de visión&quot;? ¿Cómo se puede expresar en español este concepto sin incurrir en ambigüedades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T20:18:49.090" Title="Interpretaciones de &quot;delante de&quot; y &quot;detrás de&quot; según los objetos en la escena" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23979" CreationDate="2018-01-25T12:04:12.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se puede justificar esta dualidad según las definiciones de &quot;delante&quot; y &quot;detrás&quot; en el DLE?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE no dice que el punto de vista a aplicar sea necesariamente el de quien habla o escribe; sólo dice: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;delante&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;con prioridad de lugar, en la parte anterior o en sitio detrás del cual hay alguien o algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y claro, el problema es que dentro de esa acepción encontramos distintos criterios:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con prioridad de lugar;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en la parte anterior; o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en sitio detrás del cual hay alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual hace que el uso pueda interpretarse de distintas maneras.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Como bien explicas más adelante en tu pregunta, &lt;strong&gt;cuando dices &quot;el árbol está &lt;em&gt;detrás&lt;/em&gt; del coche&quot; defines un orden o prioridad&lt;/strong&gt;, siguiendo una línea hacia tu posición: lo más cercano en esa línea está delante (más prioridad), y lo más lejano detrás (menos prioridad). Eso corresponde al primer criterio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por otro lado, &lt;strong&gt;al decir &quot;el árbol está delante del coche&quot;, te basas en cambio en las partes anterior y posterior del propio coche&lt;/strong&gt;: el árbol está en la parte anterior del coche (en el morro). Eso corresponde al segundo criterio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ambas afirmaciones son correctas, lo que cambia es el criterio usado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿En el uso de &quot;delante&quot; y &quot;detrás&quot; en estos casos, prevalece siempre (...) que el objeto intermedio tenga una parte delantera y una trasera, más que la posición del objeto con respecto a nuestra línea de visión?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, no tiene por qué. Depende de a qué le quieras dar relevancia. Yo hay veces que sigo diciendo &quot;detrás del coche&quot; aunque el objeto esté en el morro, cuando lo importante es mi punto de visión y no el coche: por ejemplo, jugando al escondite :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué &quot;detrás del coche&quot; se interpreta siempre como &quot;en la parte trasera del coche&quot; y no como &quot;detrás según nuestra línea de visión&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siempre&quot; es demasiado categórico en este caso; depende del uso que quiera hacer la persona que habla. Ver punto anterior. Lo que pasa es que normalmente, cuando decimos &quot;detrás del coche&quot; es porque estamos hablando de la posición de algo respecto del coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se puede expresar en español este concepto sin incurrir en ambigüedades?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar &lt;em&gt;&quot;el coche está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=2oDyn3W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;antes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del árbol&quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&quot;el árbol está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=DQBHjWr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;después&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del coche&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Estos adverbios comparten con &quot;delante&quot; el criterio de &quot;prioridad&quot;, pero eliminan el de &quot;parte anterior/posterior&quot;, con lo cual se elimina el equívoco.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;También puedes usar &lt;em&gt;&quot;el árbol está &lt;strong&gt;pasado&lt;/strong&gt; el coche&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, usando el participio del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=S33P1kX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasar&lt;/a&gt; para dar a entender que, en un camino imaginario tú - coche - árbol, tienes que pasar el coche para llegar hasta el árbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T15:02:59.007" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T15:02:59.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23979" CreationDate="2018-01-25T14:19:19.997" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión la definición del DLE para las palabras &amp;quot;delante&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot; es muy ambigua ya que no da mucho detalle para definir qué está &amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot; y qué está &amp;quot;delante&amp;quot;, esto se debe a que, como explicaré mas adelante, La posición es un concepto relativo, veamos las definiciones que da el DLE para estas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;detrás&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adv. En la parte posterior, o con posterioridad de lugar, o en sitio delante del cual está alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;delante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adv. Con prioridad de lugar, en la parte anterior o en sitio detrás del cual hay alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podemos ver en la misma definición de cada palabra, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es estar en un sitio &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;delante&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; del cual está alguien o algo y &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;delante&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es estar un sitio &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; del cual está alguien o algo, esta definicion se puede entender mas claramente desde un punto de vista matematico/físico lo cual procederé a hacer mas adelante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vamos por puntos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A priori sin saber nada más el árbol está &amp;quot;detrás del coche&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot; porque en la línea de visión desde nosotros al árbol, este está detrás del coche).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El árbol según la linea de vision del observador puede estar tanto &amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;delante&amp;quot; del coche, depende del punto de referencia que se utilice para darle posición a los objetos, esto se puede entender mas claramente utilizando una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recta_num%C3%A9rica&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recta Numérica&lt;/a&gt; imaginaria en el piso para darle un valor numérico a la posición de cada objeto, e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JvdTu.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JvdTu.png&quot; alt=&quot;RECT1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo podemos ver en este ejemplo el árbol se encuentra en la posición &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; y el carro en la posición &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt; según la recta numérica, ya definida la posición de cada uno de los objetos nos hace falta definir con que criterio vamos a evaluar la ubicación de cada uno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Criterio 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Viéndolo de la misma forma que en una carrera, en la que el que va en&#xA;la posición &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; va &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de todos, el árbol está adelante del&#xA;carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Criterio 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Viéndolo según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitud_(matem%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Magnitud (matemática)&lt;/a&gt; de los números, el numero &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt; es mayor que el numero &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;(2&amp;gt;1)&lt;/code&gt; por ende se podría decir que el carro esta adelante del árbol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora bien, si el coche fuera una caja, entonces las dudas se despejan y el árbol estaría indiscutiblemente &amp;quot;detrás de la caja&amp;quot;, nunca &amp;quot;delante&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se puede decir que el árbol está indiscutiblemente &amp;quot;detrás de la caja&amp;quot; ya que esto es relativo, me explico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como tu dijiste, tomando el morro del carro como referencia, el árbol estaría adelante del coche ya que el coche esta &amp;quot;mirando&amp;quot; en esa dirección, ahora supongamos que en lugar del coche hay una caja tal como tu lo planteas, imaginemos que la caja tiene dibujados unos ojos en uno de sus lados, si los ojos están &amp;quot;mirando&amp;quot; hacia el árbol se podría decir respecto a donde está &amp;quot;mirando&amp;quot; la caja el árbol está &lt;strong&gt;delante&lt;/strong&gt; de la caja, si los ojos están mirando hacia el lado contrario del árbol se podría decir que el árbol está &lt;strong&gt;detrás&lt;/strong&gt; de la caja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué &amp;quot;detrás del coche&amp;quot; se interpreta siempre como &amp;quot;en la parte trasera del coche&amp;quot; y no como &amp;quot;detrás según nuestra línea de visión&amp;quot;? ¿Cómo se puede expresar en español este concepto sin incurrir en ambigüedades?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que esto tiene que ver mas con algo cultural que con el lenguaje, ya que por costumbre para la gente la parte trasera del coche es la que queda a espaldas del conductor, donde usualmente está el baúl y el escape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿en el uso de &amp;quot;delante&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;detrás&amp;quot; en estos casos, prevalece siempre en el lenguaje (a la hora de expresar su posición) el que el objeto intermedio tenga una parte delantera y una trasera, más que la posición del objeto con respecto a nuestra línea de visión?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La posición es un conceptos relativos, para hablar de la posicion de un objeto tenemos que referirnos a un sistema de referencia o referencial particular escogida por el observador ya que no hay un punto de referencia absoluto en el universo. Diferentes observadores pueden utilizar referenciales distintos, es importante relacionar las observaciones realizadas por cada uno. Un objeto estático cambia su posición &lt;strong&gt;respecto&lt;/strong&gt; al observador si este se mueve de lugar o cambia su sistema referencial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se puede visualizar mas fácilmente con un ejemplo gráfico utilizando un plano cartesiano y dos observadores, tomemos el mismo ejemplo del carro y el árbol, para este ejemplo vamos a representar el &lt;strong&gt;Árbol&lt;/strong&gt; con un &lt;strong&gt;circulo verde&lt;/strong&gt; y el &lt;strong&gt;Carro&lt;/strong&gt; con un &lt;strong&gt;cuadrado rojo&lt;/strong&gt;, los observadores los vamos a representar con flechas de diferentes colores, hacia donde esté apuntando la flecha será hacia &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; y el lado contrario sera hacia &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; (Esto es muy importante ya que este sera el sistema de referencia para todos los ejemplos), Para todas las situaciones vamos tomar al &lt;strong&gt;Árbol&lt;/strong&gt; y el &lt;strong&gt;Carro&lt;/strong&gt; como el centro del plano cartesiano &lt;code&gt;(0,0)&lt;/code&gt; y los observadores se desplazaran respecto a estos ( Para mas información sobre sistemas de referencia puedes ingresar al siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fisicalab.com/apartado/movimiento-sistemas-referencia#contenidos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;), ahora bien, se pueden realizar infinidad de ejemplos pero creo que con 5 es suficiente, empecemos con los ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situación 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wXyyU.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wXyyU.png&quot; alt=&quot;SIT1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Árbol y el carro están &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de los dos observadores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situación 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y7XWz.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y7XWz.png&quot; alt=&quot;SIT2&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El árbol y el carro están &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; del observador amarillo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El árbol y el carro están &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; del observador azul&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situación 3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oaa4M.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oaa4M.png&quot; alt=&quot;SIT3&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El Árbol y el carro están &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de los dos observadores&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador amarillo el carro está &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; del árbol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador azul el árbol está &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; del carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situación 4&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YVX5P.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YVX5P.png&quot; alt=&quot;SIT4&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador amarillo el carro está &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de él y el carro está &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; de él&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador azul el carro y el árbol están &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; de el&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador azul el árbol está &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; del carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situación 5&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C55nr.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C55nr.png&quot; alt=&quot;SIT5&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en este caso ambos observadores se encuentran en el mismo lugar, pero la posicion relativa del árbol y el carro es diferente para cada uno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador amarillo el carro y el árbol están &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; de él&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador amarillo el árbol esta &lt;strong&gt;adelante&lt;/strong&gt; del carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador azul el carro y el árbol están &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; de él&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el observador azul el árbol esta &lt;strong&gt;atrás&lt;/strong&gt; del carro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18641" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T19:43:41.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23979" CreationDate="2018-01-25T17:16:16.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si el objeto en cuestion &lt;strong&gt;no tiene anterior o posterior&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces la posicion depende del observador: el objeto eclipsado estará detrás y el objeto eclipsante estará delante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el objeto en cuestión &lt;strong&gt;tiene anterior o posterior&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces se establecerá la referencia en cuanto a la relación entre los objetos observados: si yo estoy detrás de ti, nadie puede venir a decirme que estoy delante de ti, ¿o si?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes: yo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T18:04:58.460" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T18:04:58.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23984" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-26T07:47:21.747" Score="6" ViewCount="2257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM#8arje3S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;meter&lt;/strong&gt; alguien &lt;strong&gt;la pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Hacer o decir algo inoportuno o equivocado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;pie&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pierna&lt;/em&gt;? Esta expresión, según el blog de Alfred López &lt;em&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt;, tiene &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-meter-la-pata/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos posibles orígenes&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uno literal, en el que la expresión se refiere a cuando un animal era capturado en una trampa metiendo la pata en ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otro como corrupción de la expresión &lt;em&gt;mentar a pateta&lt;/em&gt;, dado que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S950eEB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pateta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se usa para referirse al diablo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otras explicaciones para el origen de la expresión? ¿Se puede rastrear en textos el origen de la misma? ¿Cuándo comenzó a usarse en textos escritos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo que he encontrado de momento es un primer caso no literal de la expresión en el CORDE hacia 1872 (hay otros pero son literales, tipo &quot;el animal metió la pata en el hoyo&quot; o así):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella sin embargo se empeñaba en afinarse y a lo mejor por querer decir las cosas bien, solía cometer esas garrafales faltas de estilo que el vulgo llama grosera pero gráficamente meter la pata.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Rosalía&quot;, c1872 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la palabra &quot;pateta&quot; encuentro algunos casos, pero ninguno de &quot;mentar a pateta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T08:45:18.590" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T09:39:36.353" Title="¿Cuándo y cómo se originó la expresión &quot;meter la pata&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23987" CreationDate="2018-01-26T08:32:54.513" Score="7" ViewCount="9094" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día vi a alguien escribir &lt;em&gt;gallumbos&lt;/em&gt; y le dije: ¿No se escribe &lt;em&gt;gayumbos&lt;/em&gt; con i griega?&#xA;Así quedó la cosa hasta que un par de días después hablabamos en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/42489683#42489683&quot;&gt;Tertulia&lt;/a&gt; sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt;, que me recordó a &lt;em&gt;gayumbos&lt;/em&gt;, y la busqué en el DLE sin mucha esperanza de encontrarla; sin embargo sí que estaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J1VQ4iy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gayumbos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. pl. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; calzoncillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé cuando se incluyó en el diccionario: en la edición de 2001 no está, así que tal vez en la de 2014 o en la última de 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está marcada como &quot;de origen incierto&quot;, y esa es precisamente la pregunta: ¿De dónde viene la palabra &lt;em&gt;gayumbos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T15:12:07.537" LastActivityDate="2019-06-24T16:48:16.180" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;gayumbos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23984" CreationDate="2018-01-26T08:40:24.537" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de cuando antiguamente no había cuarto de baño en las casas y lo normal era dormir con un orinal junto a la cama, en el cual durante la noche se hacían las aguas tanto &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3#BoDnnvU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;menores&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3#BoDgmFr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayores&lt;/a&gt; (de aquí viene también, por cierto, la expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3#BobcjJG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡Agua va!&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces pasaba que te levantabas de la cama y, si no tenías cuidado, &lt;strong&gt;metías &lt;em&gt;literalmente&lt;/em&gt; la pata&lt;/strong&gt; (o lo que es lo mismo: el pie&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;en el orinal&lt;/strong&gt;. Con todas sus asquerosas consecuencias. De ahí el que Galdós lo defina como expresión &quot;grosera pero gráfica&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Consultando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt; se puede ver que &quot;pata&quot; tiene la acepción de &quot;pie&quot; durante al menos los siglos XV (Nebrija: &quot;planta del pie&quot;), XVI (Nebrija y Percival, mismo significado), XVII (Covarrubias: &quot;comúnmente pie ancho y extendido&quot;), y XVIII y principios del XIX (diccionarios de la Academia: &quot;pie y pierna de los animales. Del hombre se dice menos cultamente&quot;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Tras un rato buscando no he podido encontrar ninguna fuente que me apoye. Si lo leí en un libro, o una revista en papel, o cualquier otro formato físico similar, va a ser complicado encontrarlo :( pero ése es el origen que conozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T09:39:36.353" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T09:39:36.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23985" CreationDate="2018-01-26T08:44:17.183" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una palabra relativamente reciente, cuyo origen no está del todo claro. De hecho se añadió en 2005 en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del argot español&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/diccionariodear00bessgoog#page/n9/mode/2up&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link en versión PDF&lt;/a&gt;). La RAE, por su parte, no es hasta el 2014 que la añade, ya incluyendo el origen incierto de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dsJhy.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dsJhy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, se piensa que el origen de la palabra puede proceder de &lt;strong&gt;gayomba&lt;/strong&gt;, término usado en el sur de la Península para referirse al &lt;em&gt;Spartium junceum&lt;/em&gt; (arbusto leguminoso más comúnmente conocido como retama de olor, debido a la extraordinaria fragancia que despiden sus flores amarillas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso se cree que el término comenzó a ser utilizado de manera irónica para referirse de algún modo a los aromas desagradables que desprenden los calzoncillos usados y que podrían combatirse con un ramillete de gayombas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjunto varias fuentes de interés que he encontrado y consultado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://comaconcomilla.wordpress.com/2016/01/13/por-que-llamamos-gayumbos-a-los-calzoncillos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://comaconcomilla.wordpress.com/2016/01/13/por-que-llamamos-gayumbos-a-los-calzoncillos/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elconfidencial.com/alma-corazon-vida/2013-05-07/el-sorprendente-origen-de-esas-expresiones-que-utilizamos-a-diario_198084/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.elconfidencial.com/alma-corazon-vida/2013-05-07/el-sorprendente-origen-de-esas-expresiones-que-utilizamos-a-diario_198084/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gayumbo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gayumbo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11352" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T08:58:41.280" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T08:58:41.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23985" CreationDate="2018-01-26T09:21:41.550" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;La planta que menciona Ferran Buireu en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23987/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt; viene recogida en el Fichero General de la RAE también como &lt;em&gt;gayumba&lt;/em&gt;, lo que le daría incluso aún más veracidad a la teoría, dado que de ahí a &lt;em&gt;gayumbo&lt;/em&gt; apenas hay un paso. Y más aún, hay textos que directamente mencionan la planta como &lt;em&gt;gayumbos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] los gayumbos, que en marzo se cubren de sus perfumadas y doradas flores, con la profusión con que otras plantas se cubren de hojas [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fernán Caballero (Cecilia Böhl de Faber), &quot;Clemencia&quot;, 1852 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, en el Fichero General aparece recogido &lt;em&gt;gayumbos&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;calzoncillos&quot; en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de argot español y lenguaje popular&lt;/em&gt; de 1980, de Víctor León. Aunque en la hemeroteca de la BNE &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000836619&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=gayumbos%20fotinias&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;he podido encontrar un uso&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra muy anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las escenas que presenciamos con motivo del traslado de los heridos tenían, aparte lo trágico, una nota en extremo pintoresca: gitanas jóvenes y viejas se encontraban a la puerta de las clínicas llorando amargamente, y a la salida&#xA;  de las víctimas pretendían abrazarse a ellas, gritando desaforadamente:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Ay, probesito de mi arma! ¡Destrosaíto va der to! ¡Dime er perro negro que te jirió!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Otra exclamaba:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Mírale con los gayumbos y los alares ensangrentaos! ¡Justicia grande pa el ladrón, que malos mengues se coman vivo! ¡Paloma, corderito mío, tú no jiciste mal arguno!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Voz (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 5/5/1927, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se ve que a principios del siglo XX ya existía la palabra, y además su origen apunta al habla gitana. De hecho, según los artículos enlazados por la otra respuesta, se documenta su uso en 1905 en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario del argot español&lt;/em&gt;, de Luis Besses y Terrete. En una novela de 1912 se usa también, curiosamente necesitando una nota a pie para aclarar su significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Es lo mismo, don&lt;/em&gt; Rodri. &lt;em&gt;Yo no hablo como usted. Hablo como aquel que dice en&lt;/em&gt; gayumbos &lt;em&gt;(4), como deben de hablar los hombres. Lo demás es perder el tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Francés, &quot;El sabor de la sangre&quot;, 1912 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La nota (4) dice simplemente &quot;calzoncillos&quot;. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/laestatuadecarne00fran&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Texto aquí&lt;/a&gt;, consultar página 119.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe otra conexión posible, y es que &lt;em&gt;gayumbo&lt;/em&gt; era como se denominaba al &quot;toro que corría enmaromado&quot;, o al &quot;toro de cuerda que se corre de noche poniendo en las calles grandes hogueras&quot;. Se trata de un toro con una cuerda atada en la cabeza y usado en algunos festejos. Pero ignoro qué conexión pueda tener con los calzoncillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x1k7Tm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x1k7Tm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Gayumbo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;gayumbo&lt;/em&gt; con este significado &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004783599&amp;amp;page=8&amp;amp;search=gayumbos%20fotinias&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;data del siglo XIX al menos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay sino recordar los tiempos en que Puerto Real solo ofrecia por San Juan y San Pedro sus candeladas, sus gayumbos y tal cual baile improvisado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Moda elegante (Cádiz).&lt;/strong&gt; 7/6/1863, página 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y escrito como &lt;em&gt;gallumbos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0029048802&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=gallumbos&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hay artículos&lt;/a&gt; con este significado de la palabra de hasta 1844.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: tenemos dos acepciones de la palabra (como planta y como toro) usadas en el siglo XIX, y su acepción como &quot;calzoncillos&quot; de principios del siglo XX. Ignoro cuál de las dos fue el origen (si es que alguna lo fue) de esta última, aunque desde luego la explicación de que se usaba la planta de los gayumbos como desodorante natural para los gayumbos es plausible. La lástima es que no he encontrado ningún texto que lo confirme o que haga mención a dicha práctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T11:37:39.647" LastActivityDate="2018-01-26T11:37:39.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-26T21:44:37.550" Score="5" ViewCount="559" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se podría traducir &quot;bully&quot; al español sin que tenga una connotación diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El traductor de Google lo traduce como &quot;matón&quot;, pero los chicos que hacen &lt;em&gt;bullying&lt;/em&gt; en las escuelas pueden acosar, pegar, etc. pero en prácticamente todos los casos no matan a nadie y la palabra parece exagerada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-26T22:27:37.873" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T19:39:27.113" Title="¿Qué palabra se puede usar en español para la palabra del inglés &quot;bully&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23990" CreationDate="2018-01-26T22:15:16.860" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo era pequeño, lo normal era llamarlos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;abusones&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0EZjyFf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abusón, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que abusa. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0EUOgTV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abusar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Hacer uso excesivo, injusto o indebido de algo o de alguien.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Hacer objeto de trato deshonesto a una persona de menor experiencia, fuerza o poder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y parece que se sigue usando este término, porque nada más ponerlo en Google me ha salido un &lt;a href=&quot;http://m.hacerfamilia.com/ninos/noticia-puede-defenderse-nino-abuson-20150623152031.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo sobre &lt;em&gt;bullying&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Pensaba que buscabas una traducción coloquial para &lt;em&gt;bully&lt;/em&gt;, pero veo que en un comentario has puesto lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el contexto de personas que se juntan para hacer &lt;em&gt;bullying&lt;/em&gt; público a otras por internet en redes sociales (como Twitter principalmente) y la persona que lo recibe se termina suicidando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tal caso probablemente sería más adecuado hablar de uno de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0ZszPxA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tipos de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;acoso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;; concretamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acoso psicológico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Práctica ejercida en las relaciones personales, consistente en dispensar un trato vejatorio y descalificador a una persona con el fin de desestabilizarla psíquicamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las personas que ejercen acoso sobre otras se denominan &quot;&lt;strong&gt;acosadoras&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0ZmmepX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acosador, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que acosa. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-27T07:52:01.370" LastActivityDate="2018-01-27T07:52:01.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23995" CreationDate="2018-01-27T01:25:03.237" Score="4" ViewCount="938" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Qué rico el mambo&quot; is a song by Pérez Prado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this phrase mean and what sort of feelings does it evoke? It is written by a musician from Cuba who wrote a lot of Mambo music. When this song became popular in America it was also known as &quot;Mambo Jambo&quot;, and this English translation doesn't quite help me understand the meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I don't have any knowledge in Spanish, so I tried using Google and it translates it to &quot;how rich the mambo&quot;. I'm not sure if that is right. I also asked a friend who knows Spanish and she doesn't know how to translate this either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm only looking for the translation of the title. The song has one lyric which goes &quot;Mambo, que rico mambo. Mambo, que rico es es es!&quot;, if that is of any help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing that may help, I have found a movie with the same title (has nothing to do with the song but could help with the title translation)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%A1Qu%C3%A9_rico_el_mambo!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%A1Qu%C3%A9_rico_el_mambo!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T21:42:12.567" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T21:42:12.567" Title="In what sense is &quot;rico&quot; used in the title of the song &quot;Qué rico es el mambo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23994" CreationDate="2018-01-27T09:14:05.913" Score="5" ViewCount="4674" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado las palabras 'Érase una vez' a los inicios de un libro. Comprendo su sentido pero no su origen. Googleando he descubrido que es una forma de 'ser'. Parece un poco como un subjuntivo pasado. Tampoco comprendo la origen de la tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T08:18:57.197" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T13:20:02.163" Title="¿Qué forma es 'érase' y por qué lleva tilde?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23993" CreationDate="2018-01-27T09:50:23.983" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pretérito imperfecto del indicativo «era» + pronombre enclítico de 3.ª persona «se» (uso arcaico: actualmente solo es común ponerlo en infinitivo, gerundio e imperativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lleva tilde porque es esdrújula y todas las esdrújulas llevan tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se dice «érase una vez» porque es simplemente una expresión lexicalizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9465" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-01-27T11:06:25.247" LastActivityDate="2018-01-27T11:06:25.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23992" CreationDate="2018-01-27T10:44:16.040" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;rico&quot; can mean &quot;rich&quot; in Spanish, indeed. Both in the wealthy sense as well as in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rich&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;all the other senses of &quot;rich&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Rico&quot; can also mean &quot;tasty, yummy&quot;, as in &quot;¡Qué rico este melocotón!&quot; (&quot;This peach is so yummy!&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say the use that the title is making of &quot;rico&quot; is a combination of all these meanings, excluding &quot;wealthy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T18:09:20.840" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T18:09:20.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23992" CreationDate="2018-01-27T14:19:19.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's already a solid answer here but since you asked about the  feelings the song's title and lyrics evoke, I'll expand with some example-vignettes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vignette 1. An extended family meets for a common beach vacation in Florida.  They quickly unpack, change into bathing suits and head for the pool.  As they join each other in the pool, they remark on the water temperature to each other: &lt;strong&gt;¡Qué rica el agua!&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;em&gt;How lovely the water [is]!&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;Comme c'est beau!&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;Wie schön warm ist das Wasser!&lt;/em&gt; About the feeling: this phrase expresses satisfaction with the warmth of the water, but also sums up how &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; it &lt;em&gt;feels&lt;/em&gt; to be in the lovely water, to be on vacation, to be all together.  It's an expression of happiness.  (&lt;em&gt;Qué&lt;/em&gt; introduces an exclamation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vignette 2. A certain two-year-old tends to fight bedtime like a tiger.  Parents do their best to make the bedtime procedure a positive daily ritual.  But with this spirited child it's a Shakespearian three-act play every evening.  In the last step, when the child is settled in bed, parent turns out the light, gives the good-night kiss, and attempts to indoctrinate the child with how cozy his bed feels: &lt;strong&gt;Mmm, ¡qué rica la cama!&lt;/strong&gt; | &lt;em&gt;Mmm, how good the bed feels! / How good it feels to be in bed!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definite article &quot;el&quot; does mean &quot;the&quot; but it doesn't get translated in the song title, because we're talking about a generality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this wouldn't work for Hollywood, here is what the title and lyrics mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué rico mambo!&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;What a wonderful mambo!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué rico el mambo!&lt;/em&gt; | literally: &lt;strong&gt;How wonderful mambo is!&lt;/strong&gt; loosely: &lt;strong&gt;How I love mambo!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Qué rico es!&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;strong&gt;How wonderful it is!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-01-27T14:19:19.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-27T21:14:41.773" Score="8" ViewCount="19174" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE define &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OF9CzGo#BwyykVa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mano izquierda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; desde 1992 como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habilidad o astucia para manejarse o resolver situaciones difíciles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la primera aparición fue en el &lt;em&gt;Academia Manual&lt;/em&gt; de 1984 como &quot;habilidad o astucia para manejarse&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando cómo se originaría la expresión, y empecé a inventarme posibles teorías, como que tenía que ver con aquello de la mano del demonio, que consigue lo que quiere usando argucias y tal; o a lo mejor en la época medieval, en contraposición a conseguir algo con la mano derecha (la de la espada, es decir, por la fuerza). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en el foro de hispanistas del Instituto Cervantes &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=43767&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leo lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dije que en el mundo del toro [la expresión &quot;tener mano izquierda&quot;] significó —y significa— simplemente 'saber torear al natural', esto es, de modo regular, pues torear con la mano derecha es arte menor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que la expresión provendría del mundo del toro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] hoy, en cualquier tertulia taurina se oye que para triunfar en el arte de Cúchares se puede ser de derechas, pero hay que «tener mano izquierda», porque la izquierda —la de citar de frente, la de citar con valor— es la que trae la fama y los dineros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que no me imaginaba este origen. En todo caso, ¿es este realmente el origen de la expresión? Parece plausible pero no cita fuentes. ¿Cuáles son los primeros textos escritos que la usan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T23:15:21.300" LastActivityDate="2020-12-19T10:11:46.540" Title="¿Cómo se originó la expresión &quot;tener mano izquierda&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21444" CreationDate="2018-01-28T12:42:43.607" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;En El Salvador (en todo el país) se le conoce como  &lt;code&gt;corvo&lt;/code&gt; a una especie de machete con curvatura en forma de media luna, a diferencia del machete tradicional, que no posee esta característica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;corvo&lt;/strong&gt; también se utiliza para cortar frutos, recoger vegetales, remover maleza, y en algunas ocasiones, para trocear algunos tipos de madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XE3vam.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XE3vam.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Corvo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18685" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T18:07:23.657" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T18:07:23.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24010" CreationDate="2018-01-28T13:36:14.017" Score="5" ViewCount="1465" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RXwfhgn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paleto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. despect. Poco educado y de modales y gustos poco refinados. U. m. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. despect. Dicho de una persona: Rústica y sin habilidad para desenvolverse en ambientes urbanos. U. m. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. despect. Propio o característico de la persona paleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. gamo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y recoge que procede de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;paleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RXmCtRy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paleta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Tabla pequeña con un agujero en uno de sus extremos por donde el pintor mete el dedo pulgar y sobre la que tiene ordenados los colores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto o variedad de colores usados habitualmente por un pintor. La paleta de Goya.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Instrumento de hierro o acero inoxidable compuesto por un platillo redondo con agujeros y un astil largo, que se emplea en la cocina, principalmente para sacar los fritos de la sartén.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Badil u otro instrumento semejante con que se remueve la lumbre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Utensilio de palastro, de forma triangular y mango de madera, que usan los albañiles para manejar la mezcla o mortero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Omóplato, paletilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. pala (‖ diente incisivo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Cada una de las tablas de madera o planchas metálicas, planas o curvas, que se fijan sobre una rueda o eje para que ellas mismas&#xA;muevan algo o para ser movidas por el agua, el viento u otra fuerza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Taurom. Parte anterior externa del asta del toro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Am. En algunos juegos de pelota, pala de madera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Col., C. Rica, El Salv., Guat., Méx., Nic., Perú, P. Rico y R. Dom. polo (‖ helado).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Ur. Persona que acompaña a una pareja como carabina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De cuál de todas esas acepciones de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;paleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; procede &lt;strong&gt;paleto&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edición&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Autoridades de la R.A.E. se recoge como acepción principal de &lt;strong&gt;paleto&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;el gamo que tiene hastas, y los ramos dellas anchos, de hechura de palas: por cuya razón se le dió este nombre.&amp;quot;, y una segunda entrada &amp;quot;Por alusión llaman al hombre rústico, zafio y de las Aldéas&amp;quot;. lo que parece sugerir que proviene de &lt;strong&gt;pala&lt;/strong&gt; más que de &lt;strong&gt;paleta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T12:35:34.417" Title="Etimología de &quot;paleto&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7075" CreationDate="2018-01-28T13:50:02.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lots of good answers here, so I'm not trying to outdo anyone (especially since I am not a native speaker of Spanish).  What with so many different names for beans, though, I really started getting confused about what name for bean was used where.  More importantly, I thought it would be helpful to you, myself, and others reading this post, if I could find a way to figure out which ones would be most useful to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, if you know you'll be visiting a certain region then you'll want to focus on vocabulary particular to that region, but for the vast majority of us who won't be traveling to foreign lands and simply want to be able to take our Spanish to the next level, I thought it might be useful to rank these various beans on what their frequency is in online Spanish newspapers.  So, I took all (or nearly all) of the bean names listed in this thread and then also the ones listed in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Phaseolus vulgaris&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Big thank you to Nicolás for including it in his answer, otherwise I might not have ever visited it.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then filtered for language (Spanish) and type of page (News).  I made sure to set the query up to return results for both singular and plural forms (though you will just see the singular listed in the charts below) and added other measures to ensure that what was returned were pages about beans and not something else.  It wasn't an exact science and, for at least one word (blanquillos*), I had to fiddle with the query a bit to make it work, but, if you don't want to learn the nearly three dozen names for beans that you will see between this thread and the Wikipedia article I referenced, and just want to focus on those you might see as you start getting to a point where you can read Spanish news articles, the charts below might help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*If you type in &quot;bean&quot; into any online English-Spanish dictionary/translator, I doubt any of them will list &quot;bean&quot; for &quot;blanquillo.&quot;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/blanquillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Term Bank&lt;/a&gt; did not and neither did &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=blanquillo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;.  But since the Wikipedia article mentioned that &quot;blanquillos&quot; was, indeed, the name for beans in Colombia, I did my best to find some evidence that &quot;blanquillo&quot; is used as a word for &quot;bean,&quot; and was able to do so.  To back up a bit, Term Bank does list some meanings for &quot;blanquillo.&quot;  Among many other things, it lists &quot;small fish&quot; (in Chile) and &quot;chicken egg&quot; (in several others).  Despite the fact that Term Bank mentions it is little used as &quot;chicken egg,&quot; I saw several images of eggs surface in my search for &quot;blanquillo.&quot;  Most of the initial images were of fish, but I'd have to say that the second most popular image was that of what appeared to be chicken eggs.  Regardless of how frequently people use it for that, I was also able to find at least one image of it as a product that might be sold in a supermarket (other than an egg ... or a fish).  Here it is:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/EUWJ2A7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Here you can see that &quot;blanquillo&quot; is prefaced by &quot;frijol,&quot; but it appears that this type of bean is often simply referred to as &quot;(los) blanquillos.&quot;  Take note of the print at the bottom and you'll see that the product uses a Colombian address on its packaging, which corresponds with the information included for this type of bean in the Wikipedia article mentioned.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the rest of the beans, I tried to use an image of the bean that was most representative.  If the word was just a generic name for the bean, I used a generic image (the sacks of beans).  I know that some generic words for beans sometimes refer to a specific variety of bean in certain regions.  For example, Javier above mentions that in Puerto Rico, they used &quot;frijoles&quot; to refer to &quot;black-eyed peas.&quot;  So, please keep that in mind as you look at the charts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/4cuZTKx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The word &quot;haba&quot; is a bit different than the other beans in the chart above.  In the Spanish Mediterranean, &quot;haba&quot; is used for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia_faba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vicia faba&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; which you may know better as the broad bean, fava bean, or even lima bean (habas verdes).  Although technically, the lima bean's actual Latin name is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lima_bean&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phaseolus lunatus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which makes it a different species of plant altogether, but still in the same family (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabaceae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fabaceae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) as the &quot;haba.&quot;  In colloquial usage there may be some overlap in naming conventions for these different types of beans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the main difference is that the one (the &quot;haba&quot;) originated in North Africa and the other — the one English speakers call a lima bean (or a butter bean) and that Spanish speakers might refer to as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/Uz3wNS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;pallar,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/CjxCfu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;guaracaro&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Venezuela, a &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/eJbTix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;garrofón&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Spain, or simply &quot;frijol&quot; or &quot;haba&quot; (de lima) elsewhere — originated in South America.  They look very similar, so it is not surprising that they are mistaken for one another, but they differ somewhat in appearance, taste, and composition.  From personal observation, I notice that the lima bean tends to have a grainier appearance than the fava (or broad bean).  Below is a side-by-side chart of the lima bean and fava bean so that you can see how similar they look:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/qs2XeRq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a nutritional perspective, a cup of lima beans will give you, cup for cup, less fat and almost twice as much potassium, but fava beans will give you more protein, more calories (and quite a bit more fat), if data collected from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fatsecret.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this source&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is correct.  (Data for lima beans collected &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/search?q=lima%20beans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; data for fava beans collected &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/fava-beans-cooked&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)  I put some of the data in a chart so that you can compare them yourself: &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/w1e1i1H.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never had a fava bean, so I can't describe that to you, but a couple of people do so in this thread here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-fava-beans-and-lima-beans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;What is the difference between fava beans and lima beans?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the rest of the Spanish-speaking world the &quot;haba&quot; is usually just a common dry bean and though you might not see it paired with &quot;blanca,&quot; it is paired with &quot;negra&quot; (for &quot;black bean&quot;) or &quot;roja&quot; (for &quot;red bean&quot;).  Keep in mind that the other names for bean listed previously are far more commonly used and paired with descriptions of color to differentiate specific types of a dry bean.  The word &quot;haba&quot; is also known by many as the word to use for &quot;coffee bean,&quot; but there are others.  More on that later at the end of this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/sj0KJze.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/SvvnySW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/AMZzbTI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you may have noticed, where I could fit them in, I also added product images.  There's nothing quite like seeing actual merchandise to help remember a foreign word for something.  I can't buy everyone a plane ticket to every Spanish-speaking country in the world, but this is the next best thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not include four words found in the Wikipedia article — calbotes, balas, balines, and ejotes.  I just couldn't find strong enough evidence linking the first word — calbotes — to the word &quot;beans,&quot; despite the article's claims that &quot;calbotes&quot; is the word for beans in Navarra and Tierra Estella (regions in northern Spain).  Both &quot;balas&quot; and &quot;balines,&quot; words claimed to be used in Honduras by the aforementioned Wikipedia article, just seemed too difficult to try to dig out from all the pages where these mean &quot;bullets&quot; or &quot;pellets.&quot;  Leaving &quot;ejotes&quot; off the list was simply an omission of error.  If you are interested in reading articles from news outlets in Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico, you will likely come across &quot;elote&quot; from time to time, especially if you read a section devoted to food.  This word for bean refers specifically to &quot;green bean,&quot; and had I included it, it would have fallen between &quot;chaucha&quot; and &quot;pocha&quot; in terms of prevalence found in online news articles.  In other words, it appears to be more prevalent than &quot;chaucha&quot; (another term for &quot;green bean&quot;) and &quot;pocha&quot; (a different type of bean) and would mean that were it not somewhat exclusive to the three countries already mentioned it might be considered the most universally recognized word for &quot;green bean.&quot;  But as it is, I believe &quot;judía verde&quot; or simply &quot;judía&quot; is the word most Spanish speakers (and students of Spanish) are most familiar with for the vegetable we refer to as a &quot;green bean.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last thing I want to mention in this post (and I'm rather shocked it wasn't brought up yet ... ) is what word for bean should you use when you want to say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;coffee bean?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Reverso seems to prefer &lt;strong&gt;&quot;grano de café&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; as does WordReference.  You'll find that and more (including the previously mentioned &quot;haba&quot;) if you &lt;a href=&quot;http://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/coffee%20bean&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;search for &quot;coffee bean&quot; with Term Bank.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source Notes: Nothing other than what has already been given, except for attribution for the image of the caparrones that was used in the second chart above.  Attribution is as follows:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De Xufanc - III 2011, CC BY-SA 3.0, &lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14790785&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14790785&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As for the other images, I did my best to make sure they didn't have a copyright on them and/or weren't produced for the purpose of attempting to make some sort of profit off of them.  That is to say, I attempted to preserve intellectual property rights and avoid encroaching upon someone's interest in obtaining compensation for their creativity, talent, or efforts.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T01:49:01.680" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T01:49:01.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24018" CreationDate="2018-01-28T17:30:02.640" Score="3" ViewCount="1814" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he viajado por muchos países hispanohablantes de Latinoamérica, solo por Argentina, Chile y Perú. Sin embargo, he notado que en países como Perú, México (novelas), quizás hasta Colombia (espero no estar equivocado) usan mucho los diminutivos. Dicen mucho términos como &lt;code&gt;sobrinito/a&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sillita&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;esquinita&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;esposito/a&lt;/code&gt; (de esposo/a), &lt;code&gt;hijito/a&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tacita&lt;/code&gt; (de taza, no tácita), &lt;code&gt;amorcito&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;carita&lt;/code&gt;, etcétera. También noté que en ciertas zonas de Argentina, más en el Noroeste y Cuyo, también tienen esta costumbre aunque un poco más limitada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, quizás por la costumbre de mi zona, esta utilización no pasa por alto y me viene la duda de porqué esto sucede en algunas zonas y otras no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18459" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T13:07:14.770" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T14:47:35.310" Title="¿Por qué en varios países de Latinoamérica se usan mucho los diminutivos?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24000" CreationDate="2018-01-28T18:18:57.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?paleto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; propone que es una &lt;em&gt;metonimia&lt;/em&gt; (designar a una cosa por el nombre de otra, tomando el efecto por la causa o viceversa) que reduce al ser humano a un instrumento que utiliza (un palo o una pala).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;code&gt;paleto&lt;/code&gt; habría empezado a usarse para referirse a un labrador y luego de forma más genérica a gente rústica poco instruida o sofisticada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De las acepciones dadas para &quot;paleta&quot;, entiendo que la que mejor recoge esta teoría sería la séptima (pala).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T18:20:55.957" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T18:20:55.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24007" CreationDate="2018-01-28T19:28:56.847" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En 1898 estalló la guerra entre España y EEUU a causa de la voladura&#xA;  del crucero yanqui &quot;Maine&quot;.  &lt;strong&gt;El hecho quiso hacerse&lt;/strong&gt; pasar como&#xA;  casual y fue el que sirvió de pretexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T05:06:26.187" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:32:16.247" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;el hecho quiso hacerse pasar&quot; en el contexto de este fragmento?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24006" CreationDate="2018-01-28T19:31:51.877" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Cien años de soledad&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tanto los nombres mencionados como la firma de la carta eran&#xA;  perfectamente legibles, pero ni José Arcadio Buendía ni Úrsula&#xA;  recordaban haber tenida parientes con esos nombres ni conocían a nadie&#xA;  que se &lt;strong&gt;llamara cama&lt;/strong&gt; el remitente y mucha menos en la remota población&#xA;  de Manaure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto en inglés es traducido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The names mentioned, as well as the signature on the letter, were&#xA;  perfectly legible, but neither José Arcadio Buendía nor Úrsula&#xA;  remembered having any relatives with those names, nor did they know&#xA;  anyone &lt;strong&gt;by the name of&lt;/strong&gt; the sender of the letter, much less the remote&#xA;  village of Manaure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero qué significa llamar cama por lo general? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-28T21:44:00.633" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T07:59:23.387" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;llamar cama&quot; en &quot;no conocían a nadie que se llamara cama el remitente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24005" CreationDate="2018-01-28T19:42:27.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un error tipográfico que por lo que se ve está repetido en muchos lugares. Es &lt;em&gt;que se llamara &lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt; el remitente&lt;/em&gt;. No tengo el libro a mano pero así aparece &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QBwnDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT51&amp;amp;lpg=PT51&amp;amp;dq=%22ni%20Jos%C3%A9%20Arcadio%20Buend%C3%ADa%20ni%20%C3%9Arsula%20recordaban%20haber%20tenido%20parientes%20con%20esos%20nombres%20ni%20conoc%C3%ADan%20a%20nadie%20que%20se%20llamara%20como%20el%20remitente%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=mVSJvRQFPa&amp;amp;sig=mgtbJ_J57U4detUzmXbyGo3XhIk&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiSyujZtPvYAhXBnJAKHfyzDcUQ6AEILzAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ni%20Jos%C3%A9%20Arcadio%20Buend%C3%ADa%20ni%20%C3%9Arsula%20recordaban%20haber%20tenido%20parientes%20con%20esos%20nombres%20ni%20conoc%C3%ADan%20a%20nadie%20que%20se%20llamara%20como%20el%20remitente%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T19:42:27.627" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24004" CreationDate="2018-01-28T19:56:39.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I can't stop myself from pointing out one thing first: it is &quot;crucero&quot;, with c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, the thing is that &quot;hacerse pasar&quot; is an idiom, so it cannot be separated. &quot;hacerse pasar&quot; means &quot;to impersonate&quot;, or to pretend to be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consequently, &lt;code&gt;el hecho   quiso   hacerse pasar como&lt;/code&gt;  is translated as something like &lt;code&gt;The fact was wanted to be presented as&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T19:56:39.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23979" CreationDate="2018-01-28T20:18:49.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, felicidades, porque la pregunta es realmente magnífica, y me ha tenido pensando un buen rato jaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, como hombre de ciencias me veo &quot;obligado a intervenir&quot;. Simplemente como un pequeño aporte a las respuestas de los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como yo lo veo, &lt;code&gt;el problema es similar al asunto de la relatividad entre observadores&lt;/code&gt;, más que al asunto de derecha-izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos sabemos que &quot;el movimiento es relativo&quot;, lo cual no significa nada místico ni etéreo, ni es un drama, sino que simplemente es que &quot;depende del sistema de referencia (que en adelante escribiré como SR). En principio tenemos libertad para escoger el sistema de referencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, ¿qué es un SR? pues es tan simple como un punto arbitrario al que se le asigna el origen de coordenadas, es decir, un origen. Sin embargo, hay algo más que usualmente se obvia: es el origen... ¡ y unos ejes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Físicamente, fijar un SR es fijar unos ejes. Comunmente se habla a veces de &quot;un observador&quot;, pero no tiene por qué ser una persona; un SR son &quot;unos ejes&quot; escogidos a voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya termino con el rollo. Adonde quiero llegar es que, una caja es simétrica, por lo tanto hay una ambigüedad insalvable para escoger los ejes. Esto hace que pensemos en la caja como un objeto, y decimos que &quot;el árbol está detrás de la caja&quot;, es decir, que con respecto a nosotros, la posición de la caja es menor que la del árbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, un coche tiene en sí mismo unos ejes asociados (delante, detrás, derecha, izquierda). Esto invita al hablante a pensar en el coche como SR. Cuando tú dices &quot;el árbol está delante del coche&quot;, estás tomando como SR el coche, porque sus ejes invitan a hacerlo. La posición del árbol es positiva respecto al origen en el coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si el SR lo fijamos donde nos encontramos nosotros y el coche es un objeto, entonces el árbol está detrás del coche. Sin embargo, si nos abstraemos de que nosotros estamos presentes y pensamos en el coche como SR, entonces el árbol está delante del coche. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el cómo solucionarlo, que supongo que es también importante, la ambigüedad yo la solventaría utilizando la locución preposicional &quot;con respecto a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El árbol está detrás del coche; delante respecto del coche&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T20:18:49.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24011" CreationDate="2018-01-28T22:11:24.557" Score="5" ViewCount="642" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PV9CZFy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modorra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Somnolencia, sopor profundo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q0IZhpS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muermo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Estado de aburrimiento y sopor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YP48G2G&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sopor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Adormecimiento, somnolencia.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre ellas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:20:10.623" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:20:10.623" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;modorra&quot;, &quot;muermo&quot; y &quot;sopor&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24000" CreationDate="2018-01-28T22:41:28.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que indica el diccionario etimológico de Corominas es más rebuscado que lo que dice @Diego, yo mismo no lo comprendo muy bien en realidad, pero hay que tener en cuenta que esta fuente es las más confiables que hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Corominas, a las astas de los ciervos gamos se les dice &quot;paletas&quot; por su forma de palas. (Puedo confirmar que la misma metáfora se hace en Chile con respecto a las ramas de los cactus nopales o &lt;em&gt;tunas&lt;/em&gt;, a los que también llamamos &lt;em&gt;paletas&lt;/em&gt;, y parecen efectivamente astas). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por extensión, al gamo se les llama &lt;em&gt;paleto&lt;/em&gt;, como se ve en la cuarta acepción del diccionario de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí, documentado desde 1737, &lt;em&gt;paleto&lt;/em&gt; también significa &quot;rústico&quot;, &quot;zafio&quot;. Es decir, parece darse una relación entre el animal silvestre y lo &quot;poco refinado&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T22:41:28.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24009" CreationDate="2018-01-28T22:50:02.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habría que ver las palabras en contexto. Hay palabras que aunque signifiquen casi lo mismo que otras no se utilizan en ciertos contextos o junto con ciertas otras palabras. Por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;muermo&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra coloquial y por lo tanto no se puede utilizar en un contexto de formalidad (de hecho no sólo es coloquial sino que además es dialectal; yo no la conocía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Modorra&lt;/em&gt; no es exactamente coloquial pero puede aparecer en contextos informales, por ejemplo, en una conversación entre amigos. En mi experiencia la utilizaría para describir el sueño ligero que uno siente naturalmente luego de comer, o a la hora de la siesta en los lugares donde se practica esta costumbre. Metafóricamente se habla de la modorra de un pueblo a estas horas tempranas de la tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sopor&lt;/em&gt; es algo más formal. A mí me sugiere un adormecimiento provocado por el cansancio, por una enfermedad o por algún medicamento. &lt;em&gt;Sopor&lt;/em&gt; también se usa para referirse a un lapso de tiempo. La expresión &lt;em&gt;sopor invernal&lt;/em&gt; es sinónima de &lt;em&gt;hibernación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T22:50:02.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24012" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-29T01:35:46.330" Score="3" ViewCount="590" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, if we plant a &lt;strong&gt;dry bean&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F32Zz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F32Zz.png&quot; alt=&quot;one dry bean&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and harvest the result early, we get a &lt;strong&gt;green bean&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iwodz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iwodz.png&quot; alt=&quot;one green bean&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if we wait with harvesting, we get dry beans again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The green bean is cooked briefly and can be eaten raw, whereas the dry bean must be very thoroughly cooked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are these two food items called?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;(A related question is &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/7075/9385&quot;&gt;&quot;What is the difference between frijoles and habichuelas?&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.  It's an interesting question with some great answers, but I'd like to organize the information in this other way.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T13:08:03.860" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T21:44:53.413" Title="What are dry beans and green beans called in different countries/regions?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24012" CreationDate="2018-01-29T01:36:13.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Put the seed first and the fresh vegetable second, please.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;judía&lt;/a&gt; / habichuela / alubia / haba / faba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;judía&lt;/a&gt; / habichuela / &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;judía verde&lt;/a&gt; / vaina / bajoca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: frijol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: ejote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: poroto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: porotos verdes&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: poroto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: chaucha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perú&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: frijol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: vainita&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: fríjol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: frijol verde / habichuela.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venezuela&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry: caraota&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Green: habichuela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; en Galicia&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; casi nunca singular, una vaina trae varios&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jud%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/judía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T21:44:53.413" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T21:44:53.413" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-29T01:36:13.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24004" CreationDate="2018-01-29T03:25:02.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's preferred on this site that you show us what you've tried so far, to figure things out, and also that you specify which part is causing you trouble -- where exactly your confusion is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this case I can see several things going on that make this sentence not very straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;em&gt;hecho&lt;/em&gt; here means &quot;act&quot; or &quot;incident.&quot;  (In other contexts, it often means &quot;fact.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also be getting tripped up on the idiom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse pasar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is often translated as &quot;impersonate&quot; -- kind of like how, in the early days of Hollywood, a light-skinned African American actor might pass for white, so as to avoid being limited to playing stereotyped servile roles.  Or how Jews in the early days of Nazism in Germany were able to pass for Gentile.  Here, it means &quot;to be passed off as.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; has been explained well elsewhere on this site and I wouldn't be able to explain it as well as they have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, &lt;em&gt;casual&lt;/em&gt; is a bit of a false friend in this sentence. Here, it means &quot;accidental.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;literally&lt;/em&gt; (but this will sound weird), the sentence is saying, &lt;em&gt;The incident wanted to pass itself off as an accident, and was that which served as a pretext.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Pretexto&lt;/em&gt; means a justification which was not the true reason or cause.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Putting it all together, we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hecho quiso hacerse pasar como casual y fue el que sirvió de pretexto.&lt;/em&gt; | The incident was passed off as an accident, and was what was used as the pretext [for war].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It still doesn't quite make sense, though.  As I understand it, the explosion was probably an accident, but those in the US who wanted to go to war used the incident to their advantage.  They accused Spain of having blown the ship up in an act of aggression.  But if someone with a solid mistrust and (well placed, in my opinion) paranoia about U.S. &lt;em&gt;agents provocateurs&lt;/em&gt; might arrive at a vague idea that maybe the US itself caused the ship to blow up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: I wouldn't get into a nitpicky discussion about this sentence with anyone in Latin America about this sentence.  It's an emotional topic -- and understandably so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-31T17:32:16.247" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:32:16.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13373" CreationDate="2018-01-29T06:30:20.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our Chilean colloquial &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; verbs (&lt;em&gt;estái, tenís, decís&lt;/em&gt;) come from the archaic &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; forms, the same as those of &quot;&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (&lt;em&gt;estáis, tenéis, decís, sois, ibais, vierais&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Archaic &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; → Current Chilean &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos cantáis → vos cantái / tú cantái&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos queréis → vos querís / tú querís&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos tenéis → vos tenís / tú tenís&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos decís → vos decís / tú decís&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos ibais → vos ibai / tú ibai&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos vais → vos vai / tú vai&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos sois → vos soi / tú soi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(Using &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Chile is considered excessively informal and, in some cases, offensive and even vulgar. It's always pronounced &quot;&lt;em&gt;voh&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following this logic, &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos habéis&lt;/em&gt;&quot; would become &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos habís&lt;/em&gt;&quot; / &quot;&lt;em&gt;tú habís&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, but this form is extremely rare. Instead, we use &quot;&lt;em&gt;vos &lt;strong&gt;hai&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; / &quot;tú &lt;strong&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;hai&lt;/strong&gt; estado?&lt;/em&gt; (How have you been?)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Hai&lt;/strong&gt; cachado que...?&lt;/em&gt; (Have you noticed that...?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tú nunca &lt;strong&gt;hai&lt;/strong&gt; hecho eso.&lt;/em&gt; (You have never done that)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué te &lt;strong&gt;hai&lt;/strong&gt; creído?&lt;/em&gt; (Who do you think you are?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's not incorrect, it's just colloquial&lt;/strong&gt;, like any other Chilean voseo verb (in fact, it would sound weird and snob if the &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; form &quot;&lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt;&quot; were used in a colloquial context instead of &quot;&lt;em&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since all &quot;&lt;em&gt;-áis&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ending verbs became &quot;&lt;em&gt;-ái&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, our current &quot;&lt;em&gt;hai&lt;/em&gt;&quot; should come from a hypothetical &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos *hais → vos hai / tú hai&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure if the transition was &lt;em&gt;habéis→habís→hai&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;habéis→hais→hai&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;This is the only case where I can think of something related to an &quot;&lt;em&gt;hais&lt;/em&gt;&quot; here in Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18687" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T08:08:15.527" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T08:08:15.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24002" CreationDate="2018-01-29T09:20:40.593" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy revisando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QeBypzRFABBzjJPl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capítulo 9.6 de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE, acerca de las interpretaciones de los diminutivos. Es muy extenso como para reproducirlo entero, pero da una idea de la cantidad de matices que se pueden conseguir con un diminutivo, aparte de los habituales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo algunos ejemplos que me han llamado la atención:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En los sustantivos que denotan acciones y sucesos se suele obtener una interpretación temporal ('breve', 'de corta duración'), como en &lt;em&gt;paseíto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;viajecito&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque otras veces el contexto deja claro que no es la brevedad lo que se destaca: &lt;em&gt;Uff, qué viajecito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convierte sustantivos incontables (&lt;em&gt;siento mucho dolor&lt;/em&gt;) en contables (&lt;em&gt;noto un dolorcito&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puede intensificar o rebajar la cualidad: &lt;em&gt;cerquita&lt;/em&gt; puede ser 'muy cerca', pero &lt;em&gt;guapito&lt;/em&gt; puede ser 'guapo con reservas'. O incluso ponerla en grado máximo: &lt;em&gt;el coche era nuevecito&lt;/em&gt; por 'completamente nuevo'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Algunos diminutivos han pasado al habla común y hasta admiten nuevos diminutivos: de &lt;em&gt;ahorita mismo&lt;/em&gt; se puede obtener &lt;em&gt;ahoritita mismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Su uso varía según las regiones: &lt;em&gt;fritito&lt;/em&gt; sugiere 'muy frito' en algunos sitios, 'apetitoso' en otros e incluso 'ligeramente frito' en otros. Y a veces cambia el significado de la palabra original: &lt;em&gt;agarraditos&lt;/em&gt; sugiere 'en actitud cariñosa'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usan mucho en el lenguaje empleado con los niños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto viene a que con los diminutivos se consiguen muchos y muy variados matices que con el habla neutra no se obtienen o son más difíciles de conseguir. Por supuesto, el propio carácter de la gente hará que se tienda más a usar estos diminutivos en unos países que en otros, pero eso ya es un tema de personalidad. Podemos quedarnos con que la RAE recoge en su &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; tu misma inquietud en el párrafo 9.6p:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A los hispanohablantes europeos les ha llamado habitualmente la atención la mayor abundancia de diminutivos que caracteriza el español americano [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque tampoco entra en explicar este fenómeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T20:18:23.270" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T20:18:23.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24009" CreationDate="2018-01-29T10:06:10.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista, hoy día la palabra &lt;em&gt;muermo&lt;/em&gt; se usa principalmente en su primera acepción: &quot;Persona o cosa tediosa y aburrida&quot;. Así se pueden encontrar ejemplos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En España, hace 30 años, un hombre podía ser impunemente mujeriego, juerguista, infiel y apasionado. O por el contrario, sobrio, ponderado, sensible y leal, también impunemente y sin dar más explicaciones. Ya en el 2001, ese mismo hombre puede seguir siendo un vacilón o un muermo, y en teoría no pasa nada, pero en realidad en ninguno de los dos casos lo será ya impunemente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Begoña Ameztoy, &quot;Escuela de mujeres&quot;, 2001 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también es usada como sinónimo de sopor, aunque por mi apreciación diría que se usa en tono despectivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] en cambio, todo sugiere que una acogida favorable por parte de la Comunidad difícilmente levantaría la borrasca de profundidad necesaria para provocar una conversión, una regeneración a partir del muermo hispánico que actualmente puebla las mentes de esta sociedad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Álvaro Fernández Suárez, &quot;El pesimismo español&quot;, 1983 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;sopor&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia al mismo estado de adormecimiento, pero de forma neutra. Como nota, se dan como tres veces más casos de esta palabra que de &lt;em&gt;muermo&lt;/em&gt; en el CREA. Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En verano el sol cae de lleno, hasta el mediodía, y el calor lo envuelve todo en un halo casi esotérico que invita al recogimiento, el sopor o la meditación...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Vanguardia, 16/08/1995 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Termino con &lt;em&gt;modorra&lt;/em&gt;, que es una versión exagerada del sopor, no en vano está definido como &quot;sopor profundo&quot;, y se usa incluso en casos patológicos. Se usa en algunos lugares para expresar el sueño irrefrenable que entra sobre todo las tardes de primavera, o después de comer de forma abundante. Aunque veo en ejemplos del CREA que se usa también de forma similar a &lt;em&gt;muermo&lt;/em&gt;, en plan despectivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Son personajes que pueden sacudir nuestra terrible modorra actual. Esa modorra que nos vuelve pasivos ante cualquier influencia, sea la que viene de la entontecedora televisión que padecemos o de la aburrida política que sufrimos, sin una verdadera oposición que la renueve.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País, 02/02/1987 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;modorra&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;sopor&lt;/em&gt; se usa para describir un sopor benigno, de ese en el cual no te importa caer preso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un domingo fui invitado a almorzar con ellos. En una mañana soleada, de ésas en que uno siente una grata modorra. De pronto, siento voces que se sobresaltan e interrumpen mi ensoñación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Época, 03/10/1997 (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T12:09:10.403" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T12:09:10.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24023" CreationDate="2018-01-29T11:24:38.700" Score="2" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se usa a veces la expresión &quot;eso pasó en tiempos de Maricastaña&quot; o &quot;eso es del tiempo de Maricastaña&quot; para expresar que algo pertenece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zir6Ipf#CaT2iJP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a tiempos muy antiguos&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, resulta que en tiempos de Mariscastaña ya se usaba la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marzoco: Pues ya me voy. Vuestras cien monedas agora, Dios lo dijo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lozana: Andá, que ya no es el tempo de Maricastaña.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Delicado, &quot;La Lozana Andaluza&quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es el caso más antiguo que encuentro en el CORDE. La palabra &lt;em&gt;Maricastaña&lt;/em&gt; hoy día no se recoge como tal en el DLE, pero sí lo estuvo en tiempos de Mari... bueno, ya paro. El diccionario de la RAE de 1884 lo define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Personaje proverbial, símbolo de antigüedad muy remota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición que se mantuvo inalterada hasta 1992. Lo que me gustaría saber es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe alguna versión anterior de esta expresión? ¿O realmente se originó en el siglo XVI?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se originó la expresión? Me cuesta trabajo pensar que Maricastaña (o &quot;Mari Castaña&quot; como lo he visto también escrito) sea un nombre inventado. He visto que existió una tal Ysabel de Castaña:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sereno: [...] Dezidme con qujén fue casado este Conde don Pedro de Villandrando.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Alcaide: Su muger se llamó doña Ysabel de Castaña, que fue muy gentil dama e criada de la Cathólica Rreyna dona Ysabel, pero nunca ovo hijos en ella nj ella parió e le venció de días, la qual asimismo vos y yo la vimos muchas vezes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, &quot;Batallas y quinquagenas&quot;, 1535-c1552 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también aparece el nombre en un texto de 1467, como parte de un séquito de nueve doncellas de la por entonces princesa Isabel. ¿Tendrá algo que ver con la expresión? Lo veo poco probable, pero no encuentro en el CORDE ningún otro texto que haga mención a otra Castaña.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T11:37:24.480" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T14:38:44.537" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;tiempo de Maricastaña&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24000" CreationDate="2018-01-29T12:26:53.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En términos coloquiales (España), se llama &quot;paleta&quot; a personas que trabajan en el sector de la construcción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, yo siempre he asociado &quot;ser un paleto&quot; a las connotaciones negativas que puede tener alguien que trabaja en sectores de baja cualificación: básicamente, con poca cultura, pocos modales...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, se ajusta más a la quinta (5) definición de &quot;paleta&quot; que has dejado en la descripción de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18691" LastEditorUserId="18691" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T12:35:34.417" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T12:35:34.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24002" CreationDate="2018-01-29T12:52:19.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que todo lo que mencionó Charlie en su respuesta es correcto, pero quisiera agregar algo que me parece muy importante (dese mi experiencia viviendo en Colombia, donde se utilizan los diminutivos muchísimo en el habla diaria):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas diminutivas afectan mucho los sentimientos expresados por una frase -- suelen hacer que la oración se perciba de manera más suave y más cortés. Los diminutivos tienden a bajar la intensidad emocional de cualquier cosa que uno dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cierto sentido, utilizar los diminutivos tiene el efecto opuesto a utilizar las groserías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Deme un cafecito por favor&quot; tiene el efecto opuesto a el de &quot;DAME UN MALDITO CAFÉ YA!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18692" LastEditorUserId="18692" LastEditDate="2018-01-29T13:53:35.767" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T13:53:35.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24020" CreationDate="2018-01-29T14:38:44.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alfred López, en su blog &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/quien-fue-la-maricastanas-del-famoso-dicho/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, indica que la Mari Castaña del dicho fue un personaje real del siglo XIV que encabezó una revuelta contra la Iglesia en Lugo. Tal como menciona en su artículo, la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k92783r.image.f149.pagination&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;España sagrada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Manuel Risco recoge la existencia de esta mujer, haciendo referencia al pergamino del archivo episcopal en que se recoge su participación en tal revuelta y la satisfacción que pagó por ella en 1386, casi siglo y medio antes de la aparición de &lt;em&gt;La lozana andaluza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece bastante probable que, en efecto, Mari Castaña se hiciera popular y, aun cuando su vida y hechos han sido olvidados por la mayoría de nosotros, haya quedado memoria de su existencia en el famoso dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T14:38:44.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23933" CreationDate="2018-01-29T16:11:42.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, take &lt;em&gt;está entrando&lt;/em&gt; as a verb phrase: it's the way of expressing the progressive aspect of &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; (progressive = ongoing action). The core meaning is that of &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, forget the literal translation; you have to think of the phrase as a whole. &lt;em&gt;Me está entrando sueño&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;I'm getting sleepy&lt;/em&gt;, but neither the words nor the grammar will match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammar here is parallel to that used for &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and also for &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; and some other verbs that show an involuntary state or change of state. In Spanish the normal word order for these verbs is different from that of most phrases: indirect object, verb, subject or complement (e.g.: &lt;em&gt;me entra sueño, nos gusta bailar, le parece incorrecto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to rearrange the phrase using the most common word order in Spanish, it would be &lt;em&gt;Sueño me está entrando&lt;/em&gt;, which is ungrammatical because a bare noun cannot be used in this way. In English you could however say &lt;em&gt;Sleep is getting into me&lt;/em&gt;, which is odd but readily understandable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to mimic the English phrase using the equivalence &lt;em&gt;get&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;ponerse&lt;/em&gt;, you could also say &lt;em&gt;Me estoy poniendo somnoliento&lt;/em&gt;, but that's an absolutely weird phrase, even if it's grammatically correct, and &lt;em&gt;somnoliento&lt;/em&gt; is a formal word very unlike English &lt;em&gt;sleepy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me está dando sueño&lt;/em&gt; is a common synonym. By itself it means the same as &lt;em&gt;Me está entrando sueño&lt;/em&gt;, and the verb will always agree with &lt;em&gt;sueño&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. it will be third person singular). It can also be used with other syntax, where &lt;em&gt;sueño&lt;/em&gt; is not the subject but the direct object, and &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; works as expected: &lt;em&gt;Los medicamentos me están dando sueño&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no way you can use &lt;em&gt;convertirse&lt;/em&gt;, in any conceivable phrase, to express the meaning of &quot;I'm getting sleepy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T16:11:42.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1123" CreationDate="2018-01-30T07:57:18.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La RAE recomienda que &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; nunca lleve tilde&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hacerlo incumple las reglas de acentuación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En casos de ambigüedad se solía utilizar tilde diacrítica; sin embargo, no era una diacrítica al uso y por tanto dejó de aceptarse como tal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si existe ambigüedad real, la RAE recomienda evitarla haciendo redactados diferentes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo explica con mucho detalle la RAE en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-adverbio-solo-y-los-pronombres-demostrativos-sin-tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El adverbio solo y los pronombres demostrativos, sin tilde&lt;/a&gt; (es largo pero se lee bien):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra solo, tanto cuando es adverbio y equivale a solamente (&lt;em&gt;Solo llevaba un par de monedas en el bolsillo&lt;/em&gt;) como cuando es adjetivo (&lt;em&gt;No me gusta estar solo&lt;/em&gt;), (...) no deben llevar tilde según las reglas generales de acentuación, bien por tratarse de palabras bisílabas llanas terminadas en vocal o en -s, bien, en el caso de aquel, por ser aguda y acabar en consonante distinta de &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aun así, las reglas ortográficas anteriores prescribían el uso de tilde diacrítica en el adverbio solo (...) para distinguirlos (...) del adjetivo solo (...), cuando en un mismo enunciado eran posibles ambas interpretaciones y podían producirse casos de ambigüedad, como en los ejemplos siguientes: &lt;em&gt;Trabaja sólo los domingos&lt;/em&gt; [= ‘trabaja solamente los domingos’], para evitar su confusión con &lt;em&gt;Trabaja solo los domingos&lt;/em&gt; [= ‘trabaja sin compañía los domingos’] (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ese empleo tradicional de la tilde en el adverbio &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; (...) no cumple el requisito fundamental que justifica el uso de la tilde diacrítica, que es el de oponer palabras tónicas o acentuadas a palabras átonas o inacentuadas formalmente idénticas, ya que tanto solo como los demostrativos son siempre palabras tónicas en cualquiera de sus funciones. Por eso, a partir de ahora se podrá prescindir de la tilde en estas formas incluso en casos de ambigüedad. &lt;strong&gt;La recomendación general es, pues, la de no tildar nunca&lt;/strong&gt; estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las posibles ambigüedades pueden resolverse casi siempre por el propio contexto comunicativo (lingüístico o extralingüístico), en función del cual solo suele ser admisible una de las dos opciones interpretativas. Los casos reales en los que se produce una ambigüedad que el contexto comunicativo no es capaz de despejar son raros y rebuscados, y siempre pueden evitarse por otros medios, como el empleo de sinónimos (&lt;em&gt;solamente&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;únicamente&lt;/em&gt;, en el caso del adverbio &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;), una puntuación adecuada, la inclusión de algún elemento que impida el doble sentido o un cambio en el orden de palabras que fuerce una única interpretación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T14:04:28.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-30T08:24:03.960" Score="8" ViewCount="1190" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando llegó la actualización 23.1 del DLE, en diciembre de 2017, la nota de prensa en la web de la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/noticias/la-rae-presenta-la-primera-actualizacion-de-la-23a-edicion-de-su-dle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; acerca del uso de anglicismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Durante la rueda de prensa, el director de la RAE ha aprovechado para recordar que, si bien «la Academia no está cerrada a la incorporación de extranjerismos, sí nos preocupa la reiteración excesiva del uso de palabras en inglés sin que sea necesario». Si en 1713, en el año fundacional de la corporación, los primeros académicos se enfrentaron a un problema similar con los galicismos, actualmente se da, de forma más intensa, con el inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A continuación, Darío Villanueva ha ofrecido varios ejemplos del uso innecesario de anglicismos por tener un equivalente en español: &lt;em&gt;black friday, take away, save the date, dress code, prime time, streaming, product manager, community manager&lt;/em&gt;, etcétera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo estar más o menos de acuerdo con este artículo, e incluso me puedo imaginar cuáles son las propuestas de la RAE para la mayoría de estos términos, pero hay uno que me desconcierta: si yo digo &quot;viernes negro&quot;, a mí lo que se me viene a la cabeza no es un día de descuentos, sino que ha sucedido una tragedia terrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QN0nGts&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;negro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Infeliz, infausto y desventurado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente sea la falta de costumbre. A fin de cuentas, &lt;a href=&quot;http://canalhistoria.es/blog/el-origen-del-black-friday/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hay historias que cuentan&lt;/a&gt; que el término hace alusión a que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] el viernes 24 de septiembre de 1869, dos implacables financieros de Wall Street, Jay Gould y Jim Fisk, tras un intenso trabajo por conseguir grandes beneficios, fracasaron en su empeño, y el mercado entró en bancarrota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se dice que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] tiene que ver con el papel de los pequeños comercios en el mercado. La tradición cuenta que, tras un año entero de pérdidas (es decir, números rojos), por fin, tras el día de Acción de Gracias, llegaba la época navideña, día a partir del cual comenzaban los beneficios, y con ellos, en lugar de números rojos, se producían “números negros”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que sí, que &quot;viernes negro&quot; podría ser una opción válida pero por la costumbre, yo denomino a ese día el &quot;black friday&quot;, y con ese término es como yo entiendo el día especial de rebajas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Es &quot;viernes negro&quot; el término que quiere la RAE que usemos para llamar al &quot;black friday&quot;? Sí, el artículo que enlazo usa ese término, pero quería saber si la RAE lo confirma como adaptación válida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Se usa el término &quot;viernes negro&quot; de forma común en algún país hispanohablante?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En textos escritos en español, ¿qué proporción de casos se dan actualmente de &quot;black friday&quot; frente a &quot;viernes negro&quot; (u otras alternativas)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T07:48:03.293" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T07:36:10.130" Title="¿Cuál es la alternativa en español a &quot;Black Friday&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2018-01-30T11:40:38.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la web de &lt;em&gt;Etimologías&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?capo.n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se corrobora lo que dice el DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La otra palabra capón que significa golpe dado en la cabeza con el puño cerrado y los nudillos, se considera que procede de un latín vulgar *&lt;em&gt;cappo&lt;/em&gt;, vinculado al vocablo latino &lt;em&gt;caput&lt;/em&gt; (cabeza), que se asocia a una raíz indoeuropea *&lt;em&gt;kaput-&lt;/em&gt; del mismo significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la web dice que la etimología es diferente de la otra definición, que vendría de &lt;em&gt;capo, caponis&lt;/em&gt; (gallo castrado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado buscando usos de la palabra con este sentido, pero no he encontrado gran cosa. Me temo que podamos estar ante otra palabra cuyo significado coloquial (&quot;golpe en la cabeza&quot;) existió ya hace siglos pero se consideraba vulgar. Al tener otra acepción más culta, la vulgar no se registró.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos marcha atrás. En el CORDE el caso más antiguo que encuentro es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;— [...] Y descolgar ese retrato.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿El del abuelo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —El del abuelo; pues no me gusta verle tan cejijunto, con los bigotes tan crecidos, y esos ojos tan fieros que se diría que va a descender de la altura para atizarnos un capón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salvador González Anaya, &quot;La oración de la Tarde&quot;, 1929 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visto así parecería que es una creación reciente, pero buceando por los miles de documentos que contienen la palabra &quot;capón&quot; en la hemeroteca del BNE, he podido encontrar algunos con la acepción que nos interesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiso al punto la ofensa desquitar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el secretario, y le soltó un capon;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en esto que el alcalde alzó el bastón&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y al sindico el capon le fué á parar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003372725&amp;amp;page=114&amp;amp;search=cap%C3%B3n&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Almanaque de la risa.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; 1/1/1880, página 114.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y yendo más atrás, este es el más antiguo caso localizado (os pongo el párrafo entero que no tiene desperdicio):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Atención&lt;/strong&gt;. Palabras que tienen un sentido&#xA;  aparente y otro verdadero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Una muchacha á su novio.&lt;/em&gt; —¡Fastidioso! (¡Adorable!)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Un obispo.&lt;/em&gt; —¡Unidad religiosa! (¡Mis seis mil duros!)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Un deudor á su acreedor.&lt;/em&gt; —Vuelvo. (Las espaldas.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Un mozo de café.&lt;/em&gt; —¡Allá voy! (¡Espérame sentado!)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Un dómine á un escolar travieso.&lt;/em&gt; —Vén, chiquitín. (Te daré un capón.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Carlos VII.&lt;/em&gt; —¡Queridos españoles! (Como me dejéis meter el hocico...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Isabel&lt;/em&gt; á sus ex-súbditos. —¡Adiós, hermosos! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001291099&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=%22un%20cap%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Iberia (Madrid. 1868).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; 12/2/1869, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en este caso de 1869 no se pone la palabra en cursiva, ni se añade explicación, por lo que se entiende que el sentido del &quot;golpe&quot; era de sobra conocido ya por entonces. Y tan de sobra conocida era, como que en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (tomo 1, de 1729) ya venía esa acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El golpe que se dá en la cabéza à otro con la coyuntura del dedo de enmedio, lo que es mui comun en los muchachos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita un texto que he identificado como escrito en 1670:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cuyo hermoso cabello&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  arto (por cierto) dorado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  diò alguna palmada Midas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  algun capon, ò sopapo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Melchor Alegre, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=VEBpAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA36&amp;amp;lpg=RA1-PA36&amp;amp;dq=%22en%20cuyo%20hermoso%20cabello%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Ot-HdYXJrW&amp;amp;sig=dQ3UgbD2BLbFjszjiGR-uI-KDwk&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiA4M-2y__YAhUC2KQKHa6iCM4Q6AEILjAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22en%20cuyo%20hermoso%20cabello%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Delicias de Apolo, recreaciones del Parnaso, por las tres Musas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, 1670 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero espera, que cuando ya pensaba que no iba a llegar más atrás, me encuentro con que el diccionario español-latín de Nebrija de 1495... ¡incluye la acepción! En este se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Capon ave castrada. capo.onis.capus.i&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Capon golpe del dedo. talitrum.i&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que con esto creo que ya hemos dado con la respuesta. Definitivamente no creo que la acepción como &quot;ave castrada&quot; haya dado origen a la del golpe, sino que ambos significados convivieron desde antiguo, cada uno con su etimología diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este paseo por la historia echaba en falta una definición de nuestro amigo Covarrubias, dado que la palabra debía existir en su época (su diccionario es de 1611). Tras buscarla un poco encuentro que, aunque no viene la entrada &quot;capon&quot;, tras la definición de &quot;capar&quot; y completamente fuera del orden alfabético viene lo siguiente (escritura adaptada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CAPONES de ceniza: los golpes que dan en la frente con un trapo atado, lleno por de dentro de ceniza menuda: esto es en pena de los yerros que se cometen en algunos juegos, que por entretenimiento suele hazerse entre donzellas y gente moça las noches de fiesta en Invierno, especialmente por Navidad. Dixeronse capones â capite, porque se dan en la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T12:16:38.963" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T12:16:38.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23993" CreationDate="2018-01-30T13:14:30.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Érase una vez&quot; es la forma española de la expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;once upon a time&lt;/em&gt;, como imagino que ya sabrás. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23994/12637&quot;&gt;La respuesta de Paco&lt;/a&gt; es acertada, pero dado que es una pregunta de etimología me gustaría ver hasta dónde llega la expresión, así que abro el CORDE y me pongo a buscar, dando de bruces con el Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Pero, con todo eso, yo me esforzaré a decir una historia que, si la acierto a contar y no me van a la mano, es la mejor de las historias; y estéme vuestra merced atento, que ya comienzo. &quot;Érase que se era, el bien que viniere para todos sea, y el mal, para quien lo fuere a buscar...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1605 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se conserva aquí la palabra &lt;em&gt;érase&lt;/em&gt; como inicio de la expresión, aunque en este caso en su forma &quot;érase que se era&quot;, que era otra forma de iniciar los cuentos, con el mismo significado. También se puede usar por sí sola y significaría &quot;there existed&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Érase un hombre a una nariz pegado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  érase una nariz superlativa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  érase una alquitara medio viva,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  érase un peje espada mal barbado; [...]&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;Poesías&quot;, 1597-1645 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos cuentan en otros textos sus orígenes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Erase que era&quot; estas son unas palabras antiguas de que las comadres viejas usaban quando juntas a las noches en invierno al fuego por pasar tiempo se contaban unas a otras quentos que llamaban consejas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sebastián de Horozco, &quot;Libro de los proverbios glosados&quot;, 1570-1579 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma al parecer se usaba ya en el siglo XIV, por entonces no eran raros los textos que usaban el pronombre enclítico tras el verbo de forma habitual (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;amp; que era Nabuchodonosor el Rey qui la auie a hermar. &amp;amp; que el nis le podrie tener en campo. nin &lt;strong&gt;amparatsele&lt;/strong&gt; en fortaleza que en egypto ouiesse. &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;erase&lt;/strong&gt; ydo ell estonçes a tierra de los barbaros a so suegro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;General Estoria. Cuarta parte.&quot;, c1280 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es de extrañar pues que los cuentos por entonces comenzaran así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Érase un caçador, muy sotil paxarero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  fue senbrar cañamones en un viçioso ero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para fazer sus cuerdas e sus lazos el redero;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  andava el abutarda çerca en el sendero.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Ruiz (Arcipreste de Hita), &quot;Libro de buen amor&quot;, 1330-1343 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la forma &lt;em&gt;érase&lt;/em&gt; ha perdurado hasta nuestros días es, sencillamente, por ese sabor añejo que da al inicio de los cuentos, como indicando que lo que se va a contar fue algo que sucedió hace mucho, mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-01-30T13:20:02.163" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T13:20:02.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24029" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-30T17:00:07.463" Score="5" ViewCount="11392" Body="&lt;p&gt;El día de hoy en el trabajo, un compañero estaba leyendo algo en internet y al yo hacerle un comentario sobre lo que el estaba leyendo me dijo &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Que man tan rana&amp;quot;,&lt;/strong&gt; con &lt;strong&gt;rana&lt;/strong&gt; el me quiso decir prácticamente: &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Que man tan sapo&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto me dejó pensando sobre el uso de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;sapo&lt;/strong&gt; en si, me puse a leer el DLE y para mi sorpresa me di cuenta de que la RAE efectivamente le da la definición de &lt;strong&gt;chismoso&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;soplón&lt;/strong&gt; a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;sapo&lt;/strong&gt; y además que no solo en Colombia se utiliza esta expresión tan peculiar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sapo, pa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12. m. y f. Bol., Col., C. Rica, Ec., Ur. y Ven.&lt;/strong&gt; Soplón, delator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es la siguiente: ¿Cómo se llegó a utilizar &lt;strong&gt;sapo&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de soplon, delator o chismoso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo como un sapo se podría relacionar con estas palabras, mi teoría es que tal vez tendrá que ver con el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saco_vocal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Saco vocal&lt;/a&gt; que tienen los sapos y que con este se usa de forma metafórica a un delator que casi ni se puede contener en hablar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18641" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-19T15:29:55.353" Title="Origen de utilizar &quot;sapo&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;soplón&quot;, &quot;delator&quot; o &quot;chismoso&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24038" CreationDate="2018-01-30T17:24:59.317" Score="4" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Fin del juego! Respuesta ganadora: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/24030/translation-golf-xxx-the-gunslinger/24038#24038&quot;&gt;la de Charlie con 122 caracteres&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bienvenidos a una nueva edición del &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;. El texto escogido en esta ocasión es de la novela de Stephen King &quot;The Gunslinger&quot;, primer libro de su aclamada serie de &quot;La Torre Oscura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The greatest mystery the universe offers is not life but size. Size encompasses life, and the Tower encompasses size. The child, who is most at home with wonder, says: Daddy, what is above the sky? And the father says: The darkness of space. The child: What is beyond space? The father: The galaxy. The child: Beyond the galaxy? The father: Another galaxy. The child: Beyond the other galaxies? The father: No one knows [...] Everything in the universe denies nothing; to suggest an ending is the one absurdity.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducción libre en español (422 caracteres):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; El mayor misterio que presenta el universo no es la vida, sino el tamaño. El tamaño abarca la vida, y la Torre abarca el tamaño. El niño, que se siente a gusto con lo maravilloso, pregunta: ¿Qué hay más allá del cielo, papá? Y el padre contesta: La oscuridad del espacio. El niño: ¿Qué hay más allá del espacio? El padre: La galaxia. El niño: ¿Más allá de la galaxia? El padre: Otra galaxia. El niño: ¿Y más allá de las demás galaxias? El padre: Nadie lo sabe. ¿Lo ves? [...] Todo en el universo desmiente la nada. Sugerir una conclusión a las cosas es lo absurdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;, la traducción con menor número de caracteres que respete el sentido del texto original gana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que ustedes lo disfruten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recordatorio de las normas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link para contar caracteres: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio había pensado volver a traer algo de Ursula K. Le Guin, quizá &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21982/5481&quot;&gt;visitando de nuevo Omelas&lt;/a&gt; o con algo de &lt;em&gt;La mano izquierda de la oscuridad&lt;/em&gt;, en plan homenaje debido a su reciente fallecimiento. Sin embargo, me decidí por mi fragmento favorito (casi un pasaje que salva toda la novela...) de este libro de Stephen King. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto es un poco largo, pero dada la brevedad del &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23877/5481&quot;&gt;pasaje de último juego&lt;/a&gt;, quería volver a poner algo que permitiese múltiples &lt;em&gt;edits&lt;/em&gt; para mejorar el &lt;em&gt;post&lt;/em&gt; propio y ponerse de nuevo al frente de los competidores. Creo que hay juegos que se resuelven muy pronto porque uno no ve cómo golfear su texto sin reutilizar algo que ya haya usado otro competidor, y quizá con un texto más largo tengamos más oportunidad de participar y buscar la manera de &lt;em&gt;golfear&lt;/em&gt; nuestros textos. Creo que este texto invita a aguzar el ingenio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T10:47:11.120" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T10:47:11.120" Title="Translation Golf XXX - The Gunslinger" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-30T17:25:12.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24034" CreationDate="2018-01-30T21:38:22.907" Score="6" ViewCount="2560" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Stack Overflow en español estamos traduciendo la interfaz para que los textos originales de Stack Overflow en inglés aparezcan en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días, yo propuse que la traducción de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm voting to close this question as off-topic because...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voto &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; cerrar esta pregunta como tema no relacionado porque...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicando finalidad con la preposición &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, distintas personas comentan en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/q/3104/83&quot;&gt;una pregunta en Meta&lt;/a&gt; que les resulta extraño el uso de &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; y que ellos apostarían por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voto &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; cerrar esta pregunta como tema no relacionado porque...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para dar contexto: esta frase es la que aparece en la interfaz cuando alguien quiere explicar por qué una pregunta debería ser cerrada. Así, la frase final puede ser del tipo &lt;em&gt;Voto por/para cerrar esta pregunta como tema no relacionado porque es imposible de reproducir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo usé &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rp1CuT2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en su acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. prep. Denota el fin o término a que se encamina una acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se podría objetar que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TgJ7yhD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; puede usarse en este contexto con distintas acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. prep. Indica el agente en las oraciones en pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;23. prep. Con ciertos infinitivos, para. Por no incurrir en la censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál sería la forma más normativamente correcta, a la vez que neutra para que suene idiomática para la mayor cantidad de gente hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T11:50:06.593" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor manera de traducir &quot;I'm voting to close as off-topic...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24033" CreationDate="2018-01-30T22:02:33.010" Score="2" ViewCount="3667" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la lengua define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TDdbwD7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pisto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Fritada de pimientos, tomates, huevo, cebolla o de otros alimentos, picados y revueltos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Jugo o sustancia que se obtiene de la carne de ave, y se da caliente al enfermo que solo puede tragar líquidos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Mezcla confusa de diversas cosas en un discurso o en un escrito.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. El Salv., Guat., Hond. y Nic. dinero.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la expresión &lt;strong&gt;darse pisto&lt;/strong&gt; como    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Darse importancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La aparición más antigua que he encontrado en el CORDE es de 1884 (Pérez Galdós: &lt;em&gt;La de Bringas&lt;/em&gt;):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Soplaollas, fantasmonas! Y luego venían aquí &lt;strong&gt;dándose un pisto&lt;/strong&gt;... &quot;Grandísimas... -les digo para mí-, yo no engaño a nadie; yo vivo de mi trabajo. Pero vosotras engañáis a medio mundo y queréis hacer vestidos de seda con el pan del pobre. Y oígalas usted echar humo por aquellas bocas, criticando y despreciando a otras pobres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En el NTLLE no aparece hasta 1895, en el diccionario de Zerolo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Darse pisto.&lt;/em&gt; fr. fig. y fam. Presumir.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿de dónde viene la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T01:48:50.520" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;darse pisto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24032" CreationDate="2018-01-30T22:07:06.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Porque el pisto es (mejor dicho &lt;em&gt;era&lt;/em&gt;) un plato muy complicado de hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También empleado como &amp;quot;tirarse el pisto&amp;quot;, utilizamos este giro al querer indicar que alguien se está dando importancia o fanfarroneando al vanagloriarse de sus mérito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La historia de esta expresión se centra en la elaboración del pisto, pero no en la actual [...]  sino en su anterior confección, basada en el empleo de diferentes carnes machacadas y sus jugos, de costosa preparación y sólo al alcance de los más pudientes. &lt;strong&gt;Tal era el trabajo y el coste de dicho plato, que &amp;quot;darse el pisto&amp;quot; comenzó a relacionarse con el atribuirse un mérito y por lo tanto concederse un &amp;quot;premio&amp;quot; por él&lt;/strong&gt;, y tal cual, dicha expresión ha llegado hasta nuestros días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://origenlenguaje.blogspot.com/2013/05/origen-de-la-expresion-darse-el-pisto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisto_manchego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada de &amp;quot;pisto&amp;quot; en la wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; confirma que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;pisto&amp;quot; [se asocia] etimológicamente a &lt;em&gt;pistare&lt;/em&gt; que significa &lt;strong&gt;jugo de carne&lt;/strong&gt; de ave (caldo de gallina), o del latín &lt;em&gt;pistus&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;machacado&amp;quot;) y así era en &lt;strong&gt;la cocina española en el siglo XVII&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T01:48:50.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24031" CreationDate="2018-01-30T22:13:25.280" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo también escogería &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt;, usando la acepción específica para ello:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TgJ7yhD#McPK9qk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. A favor o en defensa de alguien o de algo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/24031/cu%C3%A1l-es-la-mejor-manera-de-traducir-im-voting-to-close-as-off-topic/24034?noredirect=1#comment39368_24034&quot;&gt;ha comentado Gorpik&lt;/a&gt;, este uso coincide con el que apunta el DPD en su entrada para &quot;votar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=votar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;votar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Como intransitivo, dicho de una persona, ‘dar su voto’. (...) A menudo se especifica el sentido del voto mediante un complemento introducido con &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a favor de&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;en contra de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de uso que quizá se vean más naturales: &lt;em&gt;voto &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; el PACMA; voto &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; dejar el coche aquí e ir andando; voto &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; hacer una votación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; sería más bien para explicar el motivo de la votación: &lt;em&gt;voto &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; elegir un nuevo Gobierno; voto &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; decidir el medio de transporte; voto &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; ver qué hacemos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de SO.es, votas &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; decidir si se cierra la pregunta o no, y de entre las diferentes opciones votas &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; cerrarla como fuera de ámbito&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Traducir &lt;em&gt;off-topic&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;tema no relacionado&quot; no me parece la mejor opción: algo puede estar relacionado con la temática del sitio y al mismo tiempo estar fuera del ámbito definido del sitio, debido a las normas. Pero eso sería (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13198/off-topic-en-castellano&quot;&gt;y de hecho es&lt;/a&gt;) otra pregunta.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-01-31T11:50:06.593" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T11:50:06.593" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24031" CreationDate="2018-01-30T22:13:35.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voto &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; cerrar la pregunta por no conformarse a las normas del sitio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Con el enlace que explica cómo hacer una pregunta bien planteada.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I detest word-for-word, literal translations.  They feel like having to walk home every day along a tropical unpaved street whose mud gets thicker and stickier with each passing day of rain.  I think it's better to load the&lt;/em&gt; idea &lt;em&gt;into one's head and then experiment freely with natural ways of expressing the essential ideas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a votar para que se haga cierta acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a votar por fulano o por tal propuesta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justificación: así lo aprendí, y una búsqueda con google apoya este esquema también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-01-31T01:40:22.170" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T01:40:22.170" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24031" CreationDate="2018-01-30T22:44:13.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En principio &lt;em&gt;votar &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; algo&lt;/em&gt; es la forma más habitual en castellano y ésa es la que yo preferiría. &lt;em&gt;Votar &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; algo&lt;/em&gt; no es una frase tan habitual. Me imagino que uno podría usarla para expresar cosas como &quot;voto para que los políticos escuchen de una vez el mensaje de la ciudadanía&quot;. Es decir, de alguna forma &lt;em&gt;votar para&lt;/em&gt; expresa que el voto es un medio para algún fin &lt;strong&gt;que no es la elección en sí&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El único problema que le veo a &lt;em&gt;votar por&lt;/em&gt; es de detalle. Suena como si toda pregunta tuviese por defecto una votación abierta, y uno debiese elegir alguna de las opciones. Pero esto ya es buscarle la quinta pata al gato y para mí no es realmente una objeción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-30T22:44:13.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-31T05:13:24.803" Score="3" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my French textbook for learning Spanish there is a phrase that goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si Manola gana el millón, se va de compras con su familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, when checking what &quot;irse de compras&quot; means, I couldn't find anything, I could only find &quot;ir de compras&quot; which means to go shopping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later when checking some phrases with &quot;voy de compras&quot; I found a mix of &quot;me voy de compras&quot; and &quot;voy de compras.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that in the unconjugated form &quot;ir de compras&quot; is more correct than &quot;irse de compras&quot; but in the conjugated forms I am not sure which is more correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is which form is the correct or the most frequently used? Is the reflexive pronoun necessary, if so what is its use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-01-31T15:55:49.530" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T15:55:49.530" Title="&quot;Voy de compras &quot; vs &quot;me voy de compras&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2018-02-01T03:59:00.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24030" CreationDate="2018-01-31T07:55:57.067" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;216 180 169&lt;/strike&gt; 122 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Torre ha tamaño, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpHbqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quid&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q5etWXp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mundo&lt;/a&gt;, y vida pues. Papá oye al terco niño: «—¿Qué oculta el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4hL0yKW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azul&lt;/a&gt;? —El espacio &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IdyosrI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fusco&lt;/a&gt;. —¿Y este? —Galaxias. —¿Y...? —Más. —¿Y...? —A saber.» [...] ¿La &quot;nada&quot;? &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a1laMnE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tonta&lt;/a&gt; idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios interesantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definición de &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt;: esencia, punto más importante o porqué de una cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El DLE admite &lt;em&gt;azul&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo poético de &lt;em&gt;cielo&lt;/em&gt; (esfera de aparente color azul que rodea la Tierra).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;mundo&lt;/em&gt; proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;mundus&lt;/em&gt;, que es un calco de la palabra griega &lt;em&gt;κόσμος kósmos&lt;/em&gt;, de ahí que su primera acepción sea &quot;conjunto de todo lo existente&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción que es &quot;carente de sentido&quot;, luego equivale a &lt;em&gt;absurdo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-06T15:17:20.653" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T15:17:20.653" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-31T07:55:57.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24042" CreationDate="2018-01-31T08:33:48.290" Score="3" ViewCount="4949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Os cuento cómo he llegado a plantear esta pregunta, porque el camino seguido me parece interesante. El caso es que no me acuerdo ahora mismo dónde (juraría que fue leyendo el diccionario de Covarrubias, pero no estoy seguro) descubrí que existe una forma apocopada de &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O78WwZ0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;man&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Apóc.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. mano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta forma &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; se derivan palabras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OA48abl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mandoble&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (golpe que se da con un arma empuñada a dos manos) o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OFx8dxD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mansalva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, el significado de la expresión &lt;em&gt;a mansalva&lt;/em&gt; no me cuadraba con el significado de &lt;em&gt;salvo, a&lt;/em&gt;. Me fui al diccionario y vi lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OFx8dxD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mansalva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;De &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;salva&lt;/em&gt;, f. de &lt;em&gt;salvo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a mansalva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. &lt;strong&gt;a man salva&lt;/strong&gt;, desus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. En gran cantidad o abundancia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. desus. Sin ningún peligro, sobre seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así me quedó más claro: la acepción original (ahora en desuso) era &quot;sin ningún peligro, sobre seguro&quot;, que cuadra más con su etimología &quot;a mano salva&quot;. Pero de ahí pasó a significar &quot;en gran cantidad&quot;, que es el significado que hoy le damos a la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la conexión, si es que la hay, entre ambas acepciones? ¿Cuándo y cómo se originó la acepción actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus opcional: ¿qué otras palabras conocéis con una etimología similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T10:45:32.210" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;a mansalva&quot; su significado actual?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24030" CreationDate="2018-01-31T09:07:52.637" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;308 261 210 190&lt;/s&gt;  133 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Torre tiene tamaño (que es la clave) y este vida. El niño al papá:&#xA;  --¿Qué hay tras el cielo? --El espacio ,la galaxia, otra galaxia y luego ni idea. [...] Nada es nada; un fin es absurdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-02-05T10:50:19.750" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T10:50:19.750" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-31T09:07:52.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24030" CreationDate="2018-01-31T09:53:48.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;196&lt;/s&gt; 138 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Torre ha tamaño, que es vida, y la clave. Va el niño absorto: «—Papi,&#xA;¿qué hay tras el cielo? —Negro cosmos. —¿Y pues? —Galaxia. —¿Y pues? —Más. —¿Y pues? —No se sabe.» (...) Decir &amp;quot;nada&amp;quot; es bobo: todo la niega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T09:57:13.417" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-01-31T09:53:48.810" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24039" CreationDate="2018-01-31T10:45:32.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Quijote hay un pasaje donde aparece &lt;em&gt;a mano salva&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Queríale responder Sancho, cuando se lo estorbó ver que por aquella&#xA;  campaña venía huyendo una liebre, seguida de muchos galgos y&#xA;  cazadores, la cual, temerosa, se vino a recoger y a agazapar debajo de&#xA;  los pies del rucio. Cogióla Sancho &lt;strong&gt;a mano salva&lt;/strong&gt; y presentósela a&#xA;  don Quijote, el cual estaba diciendo (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la nota que acompaña al texto se explica que &lt;em&gt;a mano salva&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;simplemente con la mano, con toda facilidad&quot;. De manera que ya en este momento la expresión ha mutado de &quot;sin peligro&quot; (implicado por la idea de mantener la mano &quot;a salvo&quot;) a &quot;con facilidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la misma época (comienzos del siglo XVII) se emplea &lt;em&gt;a mano salva&lt;/em&gt; con un sentido similar, aunque no idéntico (fuente: Fray Prudencio de Sandoval, &lt;em&gt;Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo lo que proponen y platican es para meter tiempo en medio, para&#xA;  forzar su parte, desmayar la nuestra, y al fin salir &lt;strong&gt;a mano salva&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  con su intento, como saldrán, si vuesa excelencia no pone la mano en&#xA;  ello, como la ha de poner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece que &lt;em&gt;salir a mano salva&lt;/em&gt; sea más bien &quot;salirse con la suya&quot; o &quot;salir bien parados&quot; o una mezcla de las dos cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un contexto militar ya encontramos lo siguiente, en el mismo texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De los tudescos había mayor número, porque como desde el principio&#xA;  habían andado tan mal, no se hacía cuenta dellos, y como don Manuel de&#xA;  Luna viese las cosas en tal estado, hablando con los capitanes&#xA;  acordaron de rendirse y no esperar que &lt;strong&gt;a mano salva&lt;/strong&gt; los degollasen&#xA;  los franceses y saqueasen aquella villa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, si bien todavía es razonable pensar que la expresión significa &quot;sin dificultad&quot;, el contexto comienza a acercar el significado al que es más habitual hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XIX los textos recogen la variante &lt;em&gt;a salva mano&lt;/em&gt;, todavía con el significado aparente de &quot;sin peligro, sin dificultad&quot;, pero también en un contexto donde se le une la abundancia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por no gastar lo necesario en artillería y municiones de guerra,&#xA;  nuestras naves mercantes no podían defenderse de los enemigos que las&#xA;  asaltaban y tomaban &lt;strong&gt;a salva mano&lt;/strong&gt; con pérdida de la hacienda de los&#xA;  pasajeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que al demagogo que en traidor arcano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Celando su venganza y ambición,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hace la corte al pueblo soberano,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sube al poder, y ejerce &lt;strong&gt;a salva mano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Rapiña y proscripción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me parece interesante es que en todos los casos citados el significado puede ser tanto uno como el otro. Hoy en día, no obstante, no es común el uso del adjetivo &lt;em&gt;salvo&lt;/em&gt;, y por tanto no es esperable que se entienda &lt;em&gt;a mano salva&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;con las manos protegidas de daño&quot;, &quot;sin exponer las manos (= sin exponerse físicamente) al peligro&quot;. La frase ya se empleaba como una locución inseparable hace siglos y al apocoparse se ha hecho aún menos analizable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagino que lo que ha ocurrido es que la asociación de circunstancias habituales en el contexto donde más se utilizaba la expresión (contexto de lucha, asedio, asalto militar) terminó por desplazar el significado. En un asalto donde unos superan ampliamente a otros, los unos quizá atacan y matan sin dificultad y sin gran peligro a un gran número de los otros. Si &lt;em&gt;man-&lt;/em&gt; ya no se entiende como &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-salva&lt;/em&gt; no recuerda a &quot;salvarse, estar protegido, estar fuera de peligro&quot;, es muy razonable que quien escucha la narración de un ataque de este tipo concluya que &lt;em&gt;a mansalva&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;en gran cantidad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T10:45:32.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23906" CreationDate="2018-01-31T13:24:39.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In his “Diccionario de dudas y dificultades de la lengua española”, Manuel Seco says, in reference to the expression “dar vuelta”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dar vuelta&lt;/em&gt;, locución verbal transitiva, ‘volver’, usada en varias zonas de América, al menos en la del Río de la Plata y Chile (Kany, 2). Esta locución tiene la particularidad de que en ella &lt;em&gt;vuelta&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de la apariencia, no es complemento directo, sino componente fijo, a manera de formante, de la locución, la cual funciona como una unidad verbal transitiva, es decir, con su complemento directo propio: “&lt;em&gt;Por más que demos vuelta los papeles..., no vamos a encontrar plata&lt;/em&gt;” (Bioy, &lt;em&gt;Cavar&lt;/em&gt;); “&lt;em&gt;Maya retrocede un paso. Luego da vuelta la espalda y desaparece&lt;/em&gt;” (Donoso, &lt;em&gt;Domingo&lt;/em&gt;); “&lt;em&gt;Se daba vuelta las mangas del saco, de la camisa&lt;/em&gt;” (Mallea, &lt;em&gt;Cuentos&lt;/em&gt;). El complemento directo puede ser reflexivo: “&lt;em&gt;Tartamudeó Casiano con una vos tan débil y lejana que Chaparro &lt;strong&gt;se dio vuelta&lt;/strong&gt; creyendo que le hablaba otro&lt;/em&gt;” (Roa, &lt;em&gt;Hijo&lt;/em&gt;). La locución, al ser transitiva, puede aparecer en construcción pasiva: “&lt;em&gt;Nuestros conceptos serán dados vuelta&lt;/em&gt;” (Candioti, cit. Kany).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, the expression “dar vuelta” is used mostly in Latin America to mean “turn”, and so is its reflexive variant, “darse vuelta”, for a person turning around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locally, we use “dar &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; vuelta” to mean “turn the corner” (we can also say “dar vuelta la esquina” to express the same concept).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“darse &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; vuelta” seems to be mostly used only in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To mean &quot;go for a walk&quot;, in Latin America we use both &quot;dar una vuelta&quot; and &quot;darse una vuelta&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Voy a dar una vuelta / Voy a dar una vuelta por el parque.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; voy a dar una vuelta / &lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; voy a dar una vuelta por el parque / Voy a dar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; una vuelta por el parque.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2020-03-29T18:40:26.853" LastActivityDate="2020-03-29T18:40:26.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24045" CreationDate="2018-01-31T16:44:17.797" Score="4" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MTlxXzd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jínjol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, también conocido como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4h0tXqz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azufaifa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cEkru4X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yuyuba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, es el fruto del &lt;strong&gt;jinjolero&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziziphus_jujuba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ziziphus jujuba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por increíble que parezca, los tres nombres que he dado (así como otras muchas variantes, como &lt;em&gt;chínchol&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jujube&lt;/em&gt;...) provienen de la misma palabra persa زیزفون &lt;em&gt;zayzafûn&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;persa: زیزفون &lt;em&gt;zayzafûn&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; griego: ζίζυφος &lt;em&gt;zízyphos&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; latín: &lt;em&gt;zizy̆phus&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; español: &lt;strong&gt;jínjol&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;persa: زیزفون &lt;em&gt;zayzafûn&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; griego: ζίζυφον &lt;em&gt;zízyphon&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; arameo: &lt;em&gt;zūzfā&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; árabe hispánico: &lt;em&gt;azzufáyzafa&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; español: &lt;strong&gt;azufaifa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;persa: زیزفون &lt;em&gt;zayzafûn&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; griego: ζίζυφον &lt;em&gt;zízyphon&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; latín: &lt;em&gt;zizy̆phus&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; latín medieval: &lt;em&gt;jujuba&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; español: &lt;strong&gt;yuyuba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Fuentes: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por fascinante que esto sea, casi me sorprende más el poco parecido que hay entre &lt;em&gt;jínjol&lt;/em&gt; y su origen latino, &lt;em&gt;zizy̆phus&lt;/em&gt;: suponiendo que la palabra latina se pronuncie &quot;cícifus&quot;, parece que se evoluciona de sonidos &quot;Z-Z-F&quot; a sonidos &quot;J-N-J-L&quot;. ¿Es esto correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo fue la transformación del latín &lt;em&gt;zizy̆phus&lt;/em&gt; al español &lt;em&gt;jínjol&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Hay más ejemplos de palabras españolas que hayan sufrido cambios similares (mismos fonemas)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T22:09:57.903" Title="¿Cómo evolucionó fonéticamente &quot;jínjol&quot; desde &quot;zizy̆phus&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24044" CreationDate="2018-01-31T22:09:57.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habría que ver cómo fue la evolución real de esas palabras, ya que en el DLE figuran etimologías de tipo muy básico. Cuando se habla de latín no es lo mismo hablar de latín del siglo IV a. C. que del latín clásico del Imperio Romano temprano o del latín tardío, paso previo al romance. Es perfectamente posible que la palabra haya pasado varias veces del latín al castellano por vías diferentes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se cita un étimo en nominativo singular, &lt;em&gt;zizy̆phus&lt;/em&gt;, que quizá (o probablemente) no haya sido la forma más habitual de aparición de la palabra en latín: de hecho nuestros sustantivos castellanos derivan generalmente de las formas acusativas de las palabras latinas, a veces, del plural reanalizado como singular (como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;bacteria&lt;/em&gt;), otras veces con sufijos diminutivos, aumentativos (como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; existía en latín pero fue suprimida y luego reincorporada al alfabeto para transcribir las palabras griegas con el sonido [dz]. Esta combinación de sonidos no existía en latín y difícilmente iba a tener una evolución fonética normal. Quizá frente a la vocal [i] se palatalizó en [dʒ]~[ʒ], confundiéndose más tarde con los resultados de cambios fonéticos de otros sonidos. Las palabras con [ʒ] en romance terminaron dando [x] en castellano moderno al perderse la sonoridad en las fricativas y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reajuste_de_las_sibilantes_del_idioma_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desplazarse la sibilante postalveolar a la posición velar&lt;/a&gt;. Eso explicaría las &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, en cierto punto de la evolución romance el sonido de la &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; consonante ([j]) se reforzó como fricativa (de hecho hoy lo es, o incluso una africada, en casi todos los dialectos), y si se tomó prestada una palabra con [ʒ] en ese momento, este sonido pudo haberse fundido con aquél, lo cual explicaría &lt;em&gt;jujuba&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;yuyuba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al sonido representado por &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt;, presumiblemente era una [f], que pudo muy bien haberse perdido, o bien haberse debilitado en [v]~[b]. En castellano se perdió la [f] inicial del latín, y el latín casi no tenía [f] salvo en esa posición, de manera que hoy casi todas las palabras castellanas con [f] son o fueron cultismos o préstamos, y la evolución de la [f] interna no fue normal (de hecho hay casos como latín &lt;em&gt;bubo&lt;/em&gt; &gt; latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;bufo&lt;/em&gt; &gt; castellano &lt;em&gt;búho&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa enigmática &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;jínjol&lt;/em&gt; no es tan extraña; aunque de manera arbitraria y esporádica, aparece un sonido [n] infijo en algunas palabras cuyos cognados latinos no lo tenían, como &lt;em&gt;macula&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;mancha&lt;/em&gt;. Este agregado podría ser una forma de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alargamiento_compensatorio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alargamiento compensatorio&lt;/a&gt; aplicado a la sílaba, de manera de preservar su métrica (por evolución normal una palabra como [zizifus] en latín debió dar [zizfus] en algún punto, sincopando la [i] corta no acentuada, igual que [makula] &gt; [makla]). En cualquier caso las nasales epentéticas no son raras en general: hay quien dice &lt;em&gt;trompezar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;muncho&lt;/em&gt;. Existe además la forma &lt;em&gt;jíjol&lt;/em&gt;, sin nasal (este vegetal debe estar entre los que más nombres tiene en el mundo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte final (&lt;em&gt;-ol&lt;/em&gt;) no parece tener correlato con el latín original; ha de ser un simple sufijo. Quizá sea por influencia de palabras del mismo campo semántico como &lt;em&gt;fásol&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fríjol&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pésol&lt;/em&gt;, etc. (el diminutivo latino &lt;em&gt;-ul-&lt;/em&gt; dio &lt;em&gt;-ul-&lt;/em&gt; en palabras cultas como &lt;em&gt;capítulo&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;em&gt;-ol&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SnkrHDf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pésol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;pisulum&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma llana &lt;em&gt;yuyuba&lt;/em&gt; debe haber experimentado un desplazamiento del acento antes de pasar al romance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio de vocales es de esperarse tratándose de una palabra tan expresiva. Ocurre algo parecido con el &lt;em&gt;ajonjolí&lt;/em&gt; (sésamo): viene del árabe &lt;em&gt;al-ŷulŷulān&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ŷ&lt;/em&gt; = [dʒ]) y según Wikipedia se lo llama también &lt;em&gt;ajonjolín, ajonjulí, aljonjolé, aljonjolí, jonjolé, jonjolí, haholí, jijirí, ejonjilí&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T22:09:57.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2018-02-01T07:09:40.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés &lt;em&gt;male&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;female&lt;/em&gt; se usan tanto para humanos como para animales: &lt;em&gt;male dog&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;female tiger&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;male students&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;female teachers&lt;/em&gt;... La regla en español es única: en español &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; se utilizan casi exclusivamente para animales y cuando se hace en referencia a personas, suena despectivo, rudo y vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, el español incluye el género en la mayor parte de sus sustantivos. En términos humanos se utilizan las palabras &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;varón y hembra&lt;/em&gt; como mencionan algunos. La única parte en donde se menciona la palabra &lt;em&gt;varona&lt;/em&gt; es en antiguas traducciones bíblicas: &quot;(...) &lt;em&gt;ella será llamada &lt;strong&gt;Varona&lt;/strong&gt;, porque del varón fue tomada&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (Reina Valera 1909, Génesis 2, 22). Dicho uso curioso no trasciende y nadie dice &lt;em&gt;varones y varonas&lt;/em&gt;, por lo tanto, el uso correcto es &lt;em&gt;varones y mujeres&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces ¿&lt;em&gt;hombres y mujeres&lt;/em&gt;? Es completamente correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ventajas y desventajas con el uso &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hombre&lt;/em&gt;? Por esto el español es único en este caso. Si utilizo &lt;em&gt;hombres y mujeres&lt;/em&gt; me refiero a personas adultas, pero cuando utilizo &lt;em&gt;varones y mujeres&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;varones y niñas&lt;/em&gt;, entonces &lt;em&gt;varones&lt;/em&gt; es versátil, lo que puede referir a un niño o a un adulto. Entonces ¿por qué utilizar la palabra &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; si puedo hablar de niños y niñas, hombres y mujeres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto nos hace concluir que la palabra &lt;em&gt;varón&lt;/em&gt; tiene una connotación sexista exclusiva al género masculino y en la cual se quiere resaltar la condición masculina en cualquier situación. Por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;comportarse como todo un varón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;demuestra que eres un varón&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cosa de varones&lt;/em&gt;... canciones como &lt;em&gt;El Gran Varón&lt;/em&gt; de Willie Colón parodia las expectativas del padre por tener &lt;em&gt;un hijo varón&lt;/em&gt; con la revelación de un hijo que termina siendo transgénero; en Milonga Sentimental de Carlos Gardel &quot;&lt;em&gt;Varón, pa' quererte mucho, varón, pa' desearte el bien, varón, pa' olvidar agravios porque ya te perdoné&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; El resaltar la valentía natural del varón frente al peligro, &lt;em&gt;como todo un varón&lt;/em&gt;; en el Himno Nacional de Colombia la estrofa &quot;&lt;em&gt;De Boyacá en los campos el genio de la gloria / con cada espiga un héroe invicto coronó. / Soldados sin coraza ganaron la victoria; / &lt;strong&gt;su varonil aliento&lt;/strong&gt; de escudo les sirvió&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; Joacim, Sumo Sacerdote en Jerusalén, felicita a Judit, una mujer, diciéndole: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Porque te has portado &lt;strong&gt;con varonil esfuerzo&lt;/strong&gt;, y has tenido un corazón constante; porque has amado la castidad y no has conocido a otro varón que a tu difunto marido&lt;/em&gt; (...)&quot; (Judit 15, 11).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Un homosexual se excluye de dicho concepto? Para muchos el término varón denota un sentido absoluto de comportamiento masculino y, por lo tanto, de natural preferencia por el sexo opuesto. Por ello les parece contradictorio referirse como varones a personas que prefieren a su mismo sexo. Pero si Judit se comporta &lt;em&gt;con varonil esfuerzo&lt;/em&gt; siendo una mujer y sin por ello dejando de ser femenina, entonces el concepto varón nos habla más de fuerza, valentía, fortaleza de ánimo y no necesariamente actos exclusivos del género masculino como la preferencia por el sexo opuesto. Es pues correcto referirse a homosexuales como varones a menos que ellos mismos se sientan transgénero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18717" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-01T08:25:45.257" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T08:25:45.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24048" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-01T08:21:58.360" Score="6" ViewCount="823" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have been told before that when putting a reflexive pronoun before &quot;voy&quot; or after the infinitive verb, the meaning of the phrase stays the same. But recently, I have discovered thanks to stack exchange that &quot;me voy&quot; means &quot;to leave.&quot; And I also know that &quot;comprarse&quot; is to buy for oneself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if there is actually any difference between &quot;me voy a comprar algo&quot; and &quot;voy a comprarme algo&quot;; is what I have stated above correct and applicable to these two structures. I would also like to know if it possible to say &quot;me voy a comprarme algo&quot; and if this structure means: &quot;I am leaving to buy something for myself.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T13:22:01.337" Title="&quot;Me voy a comprar algo&quot; and &quot;voy a comprarme algo&quot; and &quot;me voy a comprarme algo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-01T09:36:55.373" Score="3" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco, en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24002/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; en varios pa&amp;#237;ses de Latinoam&amp;#233;rica se usan mucho los diminutivos?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, uno de los puntos que se comentaron fue el uso de los diminutivos en frases como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le traigo una tacita de té, don Juan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Se le ofrece un cafecito?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su día se dijo que se usaban estos diminutivos como forma de suavizar las frases. Sin embargo, hoy me he acordado del lenguaje humilde usado en el japonés. En este idioma existe varias formas de lenguaje honorífico, dado que en la sociedad japonesa se tienen muy en cuenta las clases de cada uno. Si estás hablando con un superior hay dos formas de lenguaje honorífico: el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_honor%C3%ADfico_japon%C3%A9s#Lenguaje_respetuoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sonkeigo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que sirve para hablar con sumo respeto acerca de las acciones que atañen a tu interlocutor; y el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_honor%C3%ADfico_japon%C3%A9s#Lenguaje_humilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kenjōgo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que sirve para hablar con suma humildad de las acciones que te atañen a ti mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces caí en la cuenta del paralelismo, aunque no recordaba (ni recuerdo ahora) haber leído en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt; nada acerca del posible uso de los diminutivos como forma de cortesía por parte del hablante hacia su interlocutor. Así, si le dices a tu jefe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Le traigo una tacita de té?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se podría considerar que no es que le vaya a traer una taza pequeña, sino que el diminutivo implicaría una cortesía hacia el jefe, haciéndole ver que no le va a costar esfuerzo alguno el prepararla y llevársela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿se podría considerar el uso del diminutivo en estos casos como una forma de lenguaje humilde, similar al &lt;em&gt;kenjōgo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T22:10:51.320" Title="¿Se considera el uso de los diminutivos una forma de lenguaje humilde?" Tags="&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2018-02-01T11:52:24.147" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my case, I  said;  'a huevo mas triste' . Which to me means, &quot;It's too bad and so sad that I'm going to have to have grab myself by the balls and do it!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18718" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T11:52:24.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24029" CreationDate="2018-02-01T13:22:06.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que debe haber una analogía física y/o de comportamiento entre el animal &lt;em&gt;sapo&lt;/em&gt; y el personaje &lt;em&gt;delator&lt;/em&gt;, como ocurre con las innumerables referencias zoológicas que se usan como metáfora en el lenguaje cotidiano. Desconozco exactamente cuál es esa analogía, pero me parece que podría deberse a los siguientes rasgos del sapo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;lengua&lt;/strong&gt; hábil, larga y mortífera. El soplón es un profesional del &lt;i&gt;lengua&lt;/i&gt;je que, igual que los sapos, saca su lengua para hacer daño y después la oculta. La imagen de la lengua (el órgano anatómico) siempre acompaña al mal uso de las palabras: ser &lt;em&gt;deslenguado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;irse de lengua&lt;/em&gt;, ser/tener &lt;em&gt;lengua larga&lt;/em&gt;. Las serpientes y su &lt;em&gt;lengua bífida&lt;/em&gt; también entran en este juego pero hacia otra dirección.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;croar&lt;/strong&gt;, especialmente el nocturno. Como la delación, el croar de los sapos se da oculto en una oscuridad que proporciona anonimato. Cuando todos estamos en silencio, hay una voz que canta en algún lugar sin dar la cara.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;postura&lt;/strong&gt; (o actitud): semioculto, algo camuflado, inmóvil para pasar inadvertido. (En esto se diferencian, a mi modo de ver, los sapos de las ranas.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sus &lt;strong&gt;ojos&lt;/strong&gt;. Tengo la idea de que los ojos de los anfibios son grandes y un poco sobresalientes. Los dibujos de sapos típicamente muestran sus ojos como fuera del cajón del cuerpo, y a veces son lo único que sobresale fuera del barro o del agua. Parece como que siempre te estuvieran observando, evaluando a escondidas, tal como los delatores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguno de estos rasgos, o todos juntos, podrían hacer que los delatores fueran identificados con los sapos. Hay que agregar, por supuesto, que los sapos no son para nada unos animales agradables. Tienen mala reputación, provocan repulsión y son (o se cree que son) venenosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-01T14:27:44.683" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T14:27:44.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24048" CreationDate="2018-02-01T16:02:18.017" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;me voy a comprar algo&quot; and &quot;voy a comprarme algo&quot; mean the same. &quot;Me voy a comprarme algo&quot; is not correct at all, since you are using twice the reflexive pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18721" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T16:02:18.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23906" CreationDate="2018-02-01T16:04:41.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Darse una vuelta&quot; (I have never heard this expression without the article) means &quot;to go for a walk&quot;, while &quot;darse la vuelta&quot; means &quot;to turn around&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18721" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T16:04:41.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24048" CreationDate="2018-02-01T16:21:52.747" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two are unambiguous in their meaning and one is ambiguous.  Both verbs, &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt; can take a reflexive pronoun, though for different reasons: in the case of &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt; we are dealing with a &lt;em&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt; (a verb which takes reflexive pronouns &lt;em&gt;because it does&lt;/em&gt;) and in &lt;em&gt;comprarse&lt;/em&gt; it's a verb that actually has the subject acting upon itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's take a look at the options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voy a comprarme algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case, the &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; necessarily applies to &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt;, because pronouns cannot shift down a verbal hierarchy.  Thus we interpret this as &lt;em&gt;I'm going to / I will buy myself something&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me voy a comprar algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This sentence is technically ambiguous because of pronoun raising that the periphrasis &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; allows.  Pronouns lower in a verb hierarchy can be shifted to verbs closer to the main verb.  Thus the &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; could be from &lt;em&gt;comprarse&lt;/em&gt;, just shifted up to &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; (and thus with the previously stated meaning), or the &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; could come from &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;, giving us the interpretation &lt;em&gt;I'm leaving / heading out to buy something&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me voy a comprarme algo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This construction uses pronouns (in this case, both reflexive) in two different positions.  That's not permitted with the periphrasis &lt;em&gt;ir a&lt;/em&gt; but because we're dealing with &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;comprar(se)&lt;/em&gt; functions as its own verbal nucleus and can take its own pronouns.  This gives us the interpretion of &lt;em&gt;I'm leaving / heading out to buy myself something&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T16:21:52.747" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24059" CreationDate="2018-02-01T16:29:14.820" Score="3" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble differentiating between these two tenses when dealing with &lt;strong&gt;continuous actions&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have learnt is that the present progressive is used to &lt;strong&gt;emphasize that an action is currently taking place as we speak&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I don't quite understand what this means, since both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comemos&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Estamos comiendo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can mean &lt;strong&gt;we are eating&lt;/strong&gt;, they are both indicating that an action is &lt;strong&gt;currently in progress right now&lt;/strong&gt;, so what exactly is the present progressive emphasizing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, I'd like to know if there is ever an instance where you use the present progressive and can't use the simple present tense because it seems as though you can always substitute the simple present for the present progressive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-19T04:48:03.150" LastActivityDate="2020-01-19T04:48:03.150" Title="When do you use the present progressive and the simple present for continuous actions?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales-progresivos&gt;&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24055" CreationDate="2018-02-01T18:05:35.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of these tenses is very similar to that in English, I think (my native language is Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Comemos&quot; means &quot;We eat&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Estamos comiendo&quot; means &quot;We are eating&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second form emphasizes that it is something that you are doing right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18677" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-01T20:33:28.680" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T20:33:28.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-01T19:54:18.820" Score="7" ViewCount="4281" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7E5tpxx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caña&lt;/a&gt; tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Vaso, generalmente de forma cilíndrica o ligeramente cónica, alto y estrecho, que se usa para beber vino o cerveza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caña viene del latín &lt;em&gt;canna&lt;/em&gt;, que creo que viene a significar &quot;vara&quot; o &quot;bastón&quot;. De ahí supongo que vienen algunos de los significados relacionados con caña como &quot;dar caña&quot; (dale con el palo/vara). Sin embargo, cómo ha llegado a ser sinónimo de &quot;cerveza&quot; (o &quot;vaso pequeño para cerveza&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que puede ser por la forma del vaso, que es &quot;&lt;em&gt;cilíndrica o ligeramente cónica, alto y estrecho&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, según el DLE, pero por esa regla de tres, tendríamos la mayoría de los vasos (las copas o chatos tienen otras formas características).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien aclarar (o ampliar o corroborar) cómo &quot;caña&quot; ha llegado a significar &quot;cerveza&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T07:12:14.117" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T07:12:14.117" Title="Origen de &quot;caña&quot; para referirse a cerveza" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24049" CreationDate="2018-02-01T22:10:51.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los diminutivos castellanos han sido ampliamente estudiados en su aspecto morfosintáctico y también semántico-pragmático. La mayor parte de los estudios, lamentablemente, aparecen en publicaciones que son total o parcialmente inaccesibles. Pero para todos está claro que el diminutivo no tiene sólo la función literal de &quot;empequeñecer&quot; alguna cosa, sino que tiene variadas connotaciones afectivas, siendo una de ellas la de suavizar expresiones fuertes o demasiado directas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;María Antonia MARTÍN ZORRAQUINO, Universidad de Zaragoza, «&lt;a href=&quot;https://minerva.usc.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10347/12235/42b%20Mart%C3%ADn%20Zorraquino.pdf?sequence=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sobre los diminutivos en español y su función en una teoría de la&#xA;cortesía verbal (con referencia especial a un cuento de&#xA;Antonio de Trueba)&lt;/a&gt;»: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los diminutivos, marcas de la subjetividad del hablante, de su visión&#xA;  afectiva del mundo, se prestan especialmente bien a reforzar la imagen&#xA;  positiva del interlocutor. Pueden, por tanto, intensificarla. Se&#xA;  utilizan, así, a veces, en actos expresivos reforzadores de la&#xA;  cercanía entre los interlocutores: &lt;em&gt;¡Ya estamos los dos solitos!&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;¡Qué&#xA;  bien estamos juntitos!&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Y, por medio de dicha intensificación, se&#xA;  prestan a compensar cualquier acto amenazador contra la imagen de&#xA;  aquellos (positiva o negativa), ya que, según señala Haverkate&#xA;  (1994: 28), la cortesía positiva “no solo se manifiesta en los actos&#xA;  de habla intrínsecamente corteses, también se maneja para mitigar&#xA;  actos de habla no corteses”. Así, utilizamos diminutivos, por ejemplo,&#xA;  para compensar una orden: &lt;em&gt;tráeme una botellita de limonada&lt;/em&gt;; o para&#xA;  dulcificar una prohibición: &lt;em&gt;no vuelvas más tarde de las doce a casita&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;  y, especialmente, para amortiguar el efecto negativo de una&#xA;  información no deseada: &lt;em&gt;estás más gordita&lt;/em&gt;; o de una opinión no deseada&#xA;  tampoco: &lt;em&gt;has estado pesadito&lt;/em&gt;. Los diminutivos son, así, marcas&#xA;  eficaces para la expresión de la cortesía positiva en el marco de la&#xA;  teoría de la cortesía verbal comentada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La teoría a la que se alude es de &lt;a href=&quot;http://urbinavolant.com/pragmaubu/2016/05/13/principios-teoricos-de-la-cortesia-brown-y-levinson/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brown y Levinson&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro punto que mencionan algunos autores es que el diminutivo con frecuencia no es en sí o principalmente un modificador semántico del sustantivo (o adjetivo, o adverbio) al que sintácticamente modifica, sino que actúa como una marca sobre el discurso, modificando la proposición que lo contiene. En efecto, cuando uno dice &lt;em&gt;necesitaría un vasito de agua&lt;/em&gt;, no está pidiendo un vaso pequeño; el diminutivo modifica sintácticamente a la palabra &lt;em&gt;vaso&lt;/em&gt; pero el oyente promedio no lo percibe así, sino como una forma de suavizar el tono del pedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la misma manera, las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_honor%C3%ADfico_japon%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formas corteses del japonés&lt;/a&gt; no expresan realmente una modificación semántica. Son, sí, bastante más variadas que la derivación de los diminutivos castellanos, pero no implican diferentes significados de las cosas, sino un cambio en la actitud del hablante frente al oyente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T22:10:51.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24055" CreationDate="2018-02-01T22:26:15.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For things which are in progress and can take a while (like eating), we use the progressive, mostly as in English. In general you cannot substitute the simple present in this context. You can get away with it in questions, but the answer will revert to the progressive if appropriate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—&lt;em&gt;Hola, ¿qué haces?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Hi, what are you doing?&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —&lt;em&gt;Estoy horneando un pastel.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I'm baking a cake.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple present, for verbs like &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, is most often used to talk about&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the immediate future: &lt;em&gt;Ahora comemos, luego vemos la televisión.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Now we eat, then we watch the TV.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a habitual action: &lt;em&gt;En casa comemos sólo comida sana.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;At home we only eat healthy food.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The progressive present in Spanish is often equivalent to the English present continuous, but do note that it's not (usually) equivalent to the use of present continuous to express future planning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;What are you doing tomorrow?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I'm taking the cat to the vet.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be translated using the periphrastic future (with &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; + gerund):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué vas a hacer mañana?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Voy a llevar el gato al veterinario.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-02-02T10:57:36.497" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T10:57:36.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24030" CreationDate="2018-02-02T02:40:29.053" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;214 chars&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a jugar un poco, a poner palabras y recursos interesantes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vida? no, El lío total es tamaño. Vida en el tamaño, en la torre. El niño hogareño dice: ¿Papi, qué hay tras el cielo? Su papá: El negro espacio. El niño: ¿detrás? Su papá: La galaxia. El niño: ¿y sigue? Su papá: Otra galaxia. El niño: ¿Y...? Su papá: Nadie sabe (...) El universo niega la nada, ¿borde? vano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vano viene en su 7ma acepción&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;total por universal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la última pregunta asume un padre desesperado que no deja terminar a su hijo (voy a creer que no me valdrán el recurso, pero al menos debo intentarlo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-02-05T03:31:09.910" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T03:31:09.910" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-02T02:40:29.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24061" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24071" CreationDate="2018-02-02T03:15:48.650" Score="3" ViewCount="1054" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la vida de Malcolm X, se destaca la entrevista que entrega después del asesinato de J. F. Kennedy en la cual mencionó lo siguiente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;chickens coming home to roost&lt;/em&gt; never did make me sad; they've always made me glad.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En varias traducciones en español de la frase &lt;em&gt;chickens coming home to roost&lt;/em&gt; (en Encarta 98 o Wikipedia) se hace una traducción literal, que no da mucho sentido a la entrevista y sus posteriores consecuencias (fue censurado por sus organización). Decir que Las gallinas vuelven a dormir a casa... no suena a motivo de censura. Lo extraño es que en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/the_chickens_come_home_to_roost&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikitionary&lt;/a&gt; dan el dicho con origen español o turco, diciendo que las mentiras, como las gallinas, retornan a casa. Pero lo más importante sería adecuar este dicho o refrán para este caso... no sé si un 'cría cuervos...' o 'quien siembra vientos...' pero si pueden confirmar con otros ejemplos conocidos y (como extra) si se puede confirmar el origen español del mismo, mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-02T05:44:18.410" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T15:41:35.543" Title="Cómo hacer una buena traducción de &quot;chickens coming home to roost&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24030" CreationDate="2018-02-02T04:52:38.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;171 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Torre como el tamaño y no la vida es el enigma del cosmos. Dice el niño:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  «—¿Papá, tras el cielo qué hay? —El cosmos. —¿Qué más? —Galaxia.&#xA;  —¿Y de eso? —Otra. —¿Y luego? —Incognito.» (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Todo el cosmos niega el nulo; es tonto sugerir un fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya llevo algo de tiempo sin participar en uno de estos. Aquí va el primer intento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T04:52:38.113" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-02T04:52:38.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24055" CreationDate="2018-02-02T06:18:52.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My spouse is German and has a tendency to get these two tenses reversed rather often when speaking English.  This has given me reason to think a fair amount about these two tenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, the difference between the simple and the progressive is more of a dichotomy than in Spanish.  In Spanish the lines are more blurred between these two tenses than in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example.  I have a pet hamster.  It is late evening as I write this and the little guy is running on his wheel compulsively right now. Note, I used the progressive.  However, I could use the simple for the same observation, in Spanish.  Here's a valid dialogue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: El hamster ¿ya se levantó?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Sí, ya corre, hasta más no poder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, B would &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; to use the progressive: &amp;quot;Yes, he's running on his wheel, to beat the band.&amp;quot;  But in Spanish, it could be expressed either with the simple present (corre) or with the progressive (está corriendo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there are situations where you might want to use the progressive in order to make the continuity especially clear and explicit.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C: ¿Por qué no llamas a la tía ahora para ver si quiere que vayamos por ella?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D: Estoy comiendo.  La llamo pero un poco más tarde, o si prefieres, la llamas tú ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You asked, &amp;quot;I'd like to know if there is ever an instance where you use the present progressive and can't use the simple present tense.&amp;quot;  The C-D dialogue is such an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, there is an even stronger way to convey continuousness -- with &amp;quot;estar en proceso&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E: ¿Por qué no envuelves el regalo para Bruno ahora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;F: Estoy en proceso ahora mismo, y casi termino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note what &amp;quot;en proceso&amp;quot; does to emphasize continuity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;G: Why don't you wrap Bruno's present now?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;H: Yes, I'm doing that now, OR Yes, I'm in the middle of that now, and I'm almost done.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T06:29:47.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24068" CreationDate="2018-02-02T08:57:59.080" Score="8" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just came across this sentence. Notice the two &quot;que&quot; in the beginning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y es que que la lengua obligue constantemente a escoger palabras y terminaciones que conllevan un género social que no se corresponde con el género de la persona es, como poco, conflictivo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Elena Álvarez Mellado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/zonacritica/Todas-todes-historia-disidencia-gramatical_6_659044117.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todas, tod@s, todxs, todes: historia de la disidencia gramatical&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simpler version (more apt as an example for this question) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y es que que la lengua obligue a escoger terminaciones es conflictivo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure of this sentence has two main parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main clause. Here, [something] can be a noun, but also a subordinate clause:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [something] &lt;em&gt;es conflictivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; [something] is troubling.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The subordinate clause used to fill [something]:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua obligue a escoger terminaciones&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem (or is it?) is that, when you put them together, you end up with two &quot;que&quot; in a row:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua obligue a escoger terminaciones es conflictivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations is troubling&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, there're ways to avoid this (mostly the same that in English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drop the &lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es que&quot;&lt;/em&gt; introduction:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua obligue a escoger terminaciones es conflictivo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;That&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations is troubling&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introduce an auxiliary noun in between:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; el hecho de &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua te obligue a escoger terminaciones es conflictivo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the fact &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations is troubling.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Break the sentence into two conjoined ones:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua te obliga a escoger terminaciones y eso es conflictivo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations and that is troubling.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use a comma, maybe (seems a bit forced though):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua te obligue a escoger terminaciones, es conflictivo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations, is troubling.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just fusing the two &quot;que&quot; together seems wrong to me in Spanish, however, since that breaks the subordinate clause:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ⓧ &lt;em&gt;&quot;Y es &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; la lengua te obligue a escoger terminaciones es conflictivo.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;And it's just &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; the language forces you to pick terminations is troubling.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I've come across similar sentences a lot of times, and I had to write them, too. Sometimes I resort to some of the &quot;solutions&quot; above, but some other times I write the two &quot;que&quot; because I don't really think it is grammatically wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: is using two &quot;que&quot; in a row correct here, where the main sentence already has one &quot;que&quot; introducing a subordinate clause that just happens to start with a second &quot;que&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, to be more specific: &lt;strong&gt;is there any RAE source that states whether this use of two &quot;que&quot; in a row is correct or incorrect?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&#xA;Related: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/10687/two-ques-in-a-single-sentence&quot;&gt;Two que&amp;#39;s in a single sentence&lt;/a&gt; which asks about using &quot;que&quot; in a weird way to replace a noun, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13345/is-this-a-stutter&quot;&gt;Is this a stutter?&lt;/a&gt; where the second &quot;qué&quot; is quoting a previous question, not introducing a subordinate. These are different cases; also, none of them cite official RAE sources.&#xA;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T12:06:07.350" Title="Is the use of two &quot;que&quot; in a row sanctioned by the RAE?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25699" CreationDate="2018-02-02T09:51:06.683" Score="4" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer aprendí una palabra nueva: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G7EqtPN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escalo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Me la encontré en este contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que ningún periodista tiene derecho a cometer delitos para obtener información por muy relevante que esta sea. ¿Se imaginan? &lt;strong&gt;Robo con escalo&lt;/strong&gt; para obtener unos papeles de casa de Zoido, un robo de móvil por tirón para conseguir saber qué habla Soraya con Rajoy o cualquier otra versión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Elisa Beni - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eldiario.es/zonacritica/escandalo_6_735336488.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es un escándalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;robo con escalo&lt;/em&gt; necesita de explicación. Mirando el DLE vemos qué es tal palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. Acción de escalar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. m. &lt;strong&gt;Trabajo de zapa o boquete practicado para salir de un lugar cerrado o penetrar en él.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente la acepción que aquí aplica es la segunda, la de hacer un agujero para acceder a una casa y robar. Sin embargo, leyéndola me vino inmediatamente a la cabeza la palabra que conocía con este sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6MOw0xc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;butrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. &lt;strong&gt;Agujero hecho en suelos, techos o paredes para robar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. m. buitrón (‖ arte de pesca).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. m. vulg. Ál. Agujero o chimenea que sirve para la ventilación de cuevas abiertas bajo tierra donde se guarda el vino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí es donde me surge la duda: ¿en qué se diferencian ambas palabras? Busqué un poco y me encontré con muchos falsos positivos, pues &lt;em&gt;escalo&lt;/em&gt; normalmente aparece en su primera acepción (que es sinónima de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G6GuLRJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;escalada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), o puramente como forma conjugada de &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T07:01:47.637" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;escalo&quot; y &quot;butrón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24067" CreationDate="2018-02-02T10:48:38.217" Score="6" ViewCount="5874" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español para decir que alguien ha ido al cuarto de baño, podemos elegir entre &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bPZCCo5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;váter&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3xrkt7K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aseo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4z67B1J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;baño&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GOBfMu0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escusado&lt;/a&gt;... y seguramente algunas más que no recuerdo o que desconozco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en mi caso al menos (España), algunas de esas palabras se corresponden a distintos niveles de formalidad en el habla. Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hablando con mi familia &lt;strong&gt;en mi casa&lt;/strong&gt;, no tengo problema en decirle que vaya al &lt;strong&gt;váter&lt;/strong&gt;;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si &lt;strong&gt;en la oficina&lt;/strong&gt; me preguntan por un compañero que ha ido a tal, diría que ha ido al &lt;strong&gt;aseo&lt;/strong&gt; o al &lt;strong&gt;baño&lt;/strong&gt;, nunca al váter;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en el caso de estar hablando con &lt;strong&gt;alguien desconocido&lt;/strong&gt; de quien ignoro su nivel de sensibilidad ante este tipo de palabras, posiblemente escogería &lt;strong&gt;escusado&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;excusado&lt;/strong&gt;), aunque lo cierto es que apenas la he usado nunca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta mi apreciación? Y en tal caso, ¿el criterio es el mismo en todas las regiones de habla hispana? Y ya puestos, ¿hay alguna guía sobre cuándo usar un término u otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-03T21:09:43.047" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T18:16:47.220" Title="Grados de formalidad en las expresiones para ir al baño" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24066" CreationDate="2018-02-02T11:16:28.477" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La variedad de maneras en que nos referimos a la susodicha habitación y, por metonimia, al acto que realizamos en ella, es impresionante en el mundo hispanoparlante. Que se los llama &lt;em&gt;aseos&lt;/em&gt; en España es algo que descubrí recientemente. En Perú se los marca con las letras &lt;em&gt;SS.HH.&lt;/em&gt;, que luego de larga investigación descubrí que significa &lt;em&gt;servicios higiénicos&lt;/em&gt;. En Argentina se denominan &lt;em&gt;sanitarios&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras son formales y por mi parte jamás las he escuchado, sólo leído en la señalización de los baños en bares, tiendas de departamentos, aeropuertos, etc. En el caso de &lt;em&gt;sanitarios&lt;/em&gt;, en Argentina ni siquiera se usa en el registro formal; casi siempre se habla, por ejemplo, de &lt;em&gt;baños públicos&lt;/em&gt;, salvo en comunicaciones oficiales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestra conocida informalidad hace que no empleemos casi nunca otra expresión que la muy llana &lt;em&gt;ir al baño&lt;/em&gt;. Cuando uno está en casa de alguien más puede decir &lt;em&gt;«Voy a pasar al baño»&lt;/em&gt;, en vez de &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;; si no sabe dónde es, puede preguntar &lt;em&gt;«¿Dónde está el baño?»&lt;/em&gt;, aunque es algo más cortés aludir a la necesidad: &lt;em&gt;«Tendría que pasar al baño...»&lt;/em&gt;. En la oficina donde trabajo, rodeado de almas delicadas, hay quien avisa de manera directa &lt;strong&gt;qué es lo que va a hacer&lt;/strong&gt; al baño, utilizando los verbos castizos bien conocidos por todos nosotros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que quien conoce la palabra &lt;em&gt;excusado&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;baño&quot; hoy en Argentina lo hace gracias a haber visto &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Chavo_del_8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Chavo del Ocho&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T11:16:28.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24064" CreationDate="2018-02-02T12:06:07.350" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; se encuentran varios casos de frases que incluyen dos &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; seguidos, y de hecho se explica que no se pueden fusionar (y, en algunos casos, ni siquiera evitar). &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMXFOzgtbyKmhIik&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando [las construcciones encabezadas por &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo que...?&lt;/em&gt;] se usan para replicar a un fragmento que contiene una muestra de discurso indirecto, se yuxtaponen dos conjunciones tras el adverbio interrogativo: &lt;em&gt;—¡Te he dicho que te calles! —¿Cómo que que me calle?&lt;/em&gt; Las dos conjunciones subordinantes no se fusionan aquí en una sola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, no es no diga que esté mal, es que dice que se tiene que escribir así. &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMzUlOigdlHktmYB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Otro ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el segundo término de la comparativa de desigualdad es una subordinada sustantiva con verbo en forma personal, aparecen consecutivamente dos conjunciones idénticas: &lt;em&gt;Es mejor que vayas tú que que vengan ellos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita un fragmento de Miguel Delibes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mira, no me calientes la sangre, Facundo, no me calientes la sangre, ya sabes que no hay cosa que más me joda que que me birlen los pájaros que yo mato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es más, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SGXUYrpiwXIpaxAl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;advierte&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque se registran casos en los que las dos conjunciones se funden en una sola (como en &lt;em&gt;Es mejor que vayas tú que vengan ellos&lt;/em&gt;), se considera incorrecta esta fusión. Es correcta la concurrencia de la conjunción comparativa ante el relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;Hay en esa obra mucho más que criticar que que alabar&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de que el resultado sea poco elegante. Para evitar la concatenación de dos conjunciones idénticas se prefiere a veces insertar la negación expletiva entre ellas [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo no sé si he traído mucha comida, pero mira, mejor es que sobre que no que falte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con algunos verbos se puede evitar la concurrencia de los dos &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; sustituyendo el primero por &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prefiero que estudies más a que salgas tanto por las noches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: la concurrencia de dos &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; seguidos es perfectamente válida, hasta el punto de que hay casos en los que es necesario escribir las frases así. En todo caso, si se considera que la oración resultante puede ser cacofónica o poco elegante, se puede modificar para obtener un resultado más agradable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T12:06:07.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24048" CreationDate="2018-02-02T13:22:01.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DISCLAIMER: This is an uninvestigated answer, based only on experience.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Proceed with caution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe all three sentences are correct, and each sentence has a subtle difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me voy a comprar algo&quot;: emphasis is on the action of leaving towards a place where you'll buy something, doesn't necesarilly need to be for yourself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Voy a comprarme algo&quot;: emphasis is on the action of buying something for yourself, this means you might already be at the shop where you'll be buying. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Me voy a comprarme algo&quot;: no clear emphasis, you are implying that you are going to leave to go and buy something for yourself. this is basically a mix of the two previous options.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not an absolute truth though, depending on context options 1 and 2 could actually be swapt, which is rather inconvenient. In spoken language you would be able to better notice the difference thanks to entonation though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T13:22:01.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24061" CreationDate="2018-02-02T15:38:08.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el sitio web &lt;code&gt;www.malcolm-x.org&lt;/code&gt; se puede leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.malcolm-x.org/speeches/spc_120463.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; referente a un discurso que dio tras la muerte de Kennedy, titulado &lt;em&gt;God's Judgement of White America (The Chickens Come Home to Roost)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This speech is sometimes called &quot;&lt;em&gt;The Chickens Come Home To Roost&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; because of an answer Malcolm X gave in response to a question following the speech. The question concerned the late President John Kennedy. It was Malcolm X's answer, that the Presidents death was a case of &quot;chickens coming home to roost&quot; -- that the violence that Kennedy had failed to stop had come back to him, this resulted in the Elijah Muhammad silencing him. Malcolm X left the Nation of Islam a short time later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he encontrado un texto que dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=lk_KDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT234&amp;amp;lpg=PT234&amp;amp;dq=las%20gallinas%20siempre%20vuelven%20al%20gallinero&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=AQu9wTu7Rx&amp;amp;sig=pc6FnLanzeLYb0CGKknQUgfzexQ&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjtx9XixYfZAhUKXhQKHaGeDf8Q6AEISjAH#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=las%20gallinas%20siempre%20vuelven%20al%20gallinero&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ese punto, Malcolm perdió los estribos y llegó a afirmar que aquel homicidio venía a significar que las maldiciones siempre vuelven contra quienes las han lanzado, &quot;igual que las gallinas vuelven al gallinero&quot;. La Norteamérica blanca, afirmó, llevaba años utilizando todos sus recursos con el propósito de reducir a los negros [...] Ahora, todos esos esfuerzos se estaban volviendo en contra de sus líderes. El público, en Harlem, manifestó su alborozo, y Malcolm, acallando los aplausos, añadió que él se había criado en el campo y que &quot;nunca me puse triste al ver que las gallinas vuelven al gallinero. Al contrario. Es algo que siempre me ha alegrado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la frase que mencionas en tu pregunta es una referencia a una frase anterior que queda explicada en su momento. De hecho, cuando vuelve a hacer referencia a las gallinas dice que es de campo, por lo que en ese instante está hablando de las gallinas de verdad, y por tanto esa frase tiene sentido traducida literalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que sea una frase hecha ni que proceda de otros idiomas. Simplemente estaba usando una analogía para el concepto del karma y de que las cosas que uno hace se pueden volver contra uno mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T15:38:08.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24061" CreationDate="2018-02-02T15:41:35.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chickens coming home to roost&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la costumbre de las gallinas de volver por su cuenta al gallinero al terminar el día (&lt;em&gt;roost&lt;/em&gt; implica &quot;descansar&quot; y también &quot;posarse, instalarse en un lugar&quot;). Si se busca una traducción no literal y que sea también un dicho o símil, &quot;Cría cuervos y te sacarán los ojos&quot; es en mi opinión mejor que &quot;Quien siembra vientos cosecha tempestades&quot;, porque los cuervos son agentes libres y aves, para mejor, como las gallinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema al traducir el símil con otro símil en este caso es que en su entrevista Malcolm X hace un truco interesante de utilizar &lt;em&gt;chickens coming home to roost&lt;/em&gt; al mismo tiempo como símil y como expresión literal: la frase completa fue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Being an old farm boy myself, chickens coming home to roost never did&#xA;  make me sad; they’ve always made me glad.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que por haber vivido y trabajado en una granja, ver cómo las gallinas volvían a dormir al gallinero nunca fue algo que le desagradase, sino todo lo contrario. Se podría debatir si Malcolm X quiso de hecho regodearse con el asesinato de JFK o si más bien (y de manera muy polémica) quiso señalar que era natural y correcto que las acciones tienen consecuencias. Con nuestro dicho de los cuervos esto sería más difícil porque 1) en las granjas no se crían cuervos, 2) lo de que le sacan los ojos a la gente es un mito, 3) si de hecho le sacaran los ojos a la gente, esto no alegraría a quien lo viese. O sea que nuestro Malcolm X traducido no podría nunca emplear nuestro símil de los cuervos de la misma manera que lo hizo con el de las gallinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T15:41:35.543" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24075" CreationDate="2018-02-02T16:59:25.420" Score="4" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the field of Ontology of Process, one considers &lt;em&gt;Human Becomings&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;Human Beings&lt;/em&gt;. The phrase in English expresses clearly the idea of the continuity of the process of being Human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a suitable translation into Spanish, one that preserves the connotation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-02T22:40:12.997" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T22:40:12.997" Title="Suitable translation of &quot;Human Becomings&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24072" CreationDate="2018-02-02T17:26:33.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traducir &lt;code&gt;not simply human **beings**, but human becomings&lt;/code&gt; no tiene tanto problema&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no (somos) simplemente seres humanos, si no que nos &lt;strong&gt;convertimos&lt;/strong&gt; en humanos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KnbmIsL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;humanizar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacer humano, familiar y afable a alguien o algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KnPRZ5a%7CKncKsrP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;humanar&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. p. us. &lt;strong&gt;Hacer a alguien humano&lt;/strong&gt;, familiar y afable. U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que podrías intentar traducir &quot;human becomings&quot; por &quot;seres humanados o humanizados&quot;. Personalmente prefiero &lt;code&gt;humanando&lt;/code&gt;, por esa connotación de &quot;hacer &lt;strong&gt;a alguien&lt;/strong&gt; humano&quot;, aunque ese alguien sea uno mismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si le quieres dar la misma sensación de &quot;continuidad&quot; puedes usar &quot;humanándose&quot; o &quot;humanizándose&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-02-02T17:41:31.963" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T17:41:31.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10525" CreationDate="2018-02-02T17:44:49.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my native Spanish (Guadalajara, México), the expression &quot;poner a huevo&quot; would imply a sense of &quot;force&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo puso a huevo, y por eso se rompio&quot; = &quot;He forced it on, and&#xA;  therefore it broke&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ese pantalon se lo puso a huevo&quot; = &quot;He forced those pants on him&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question heading refers to &quot;poner a huevo&quot;, but then the question refers to the more general expression &quot;a huevo&quot;, which has other connotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Terminaste tu trabajo? A huevo!&quot; = &quot;Did you finish your work? I did!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vas a ir a la fiesta? A huevo!&quot; =  &quot;Are you going to the party? You&#xA;  bet!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;a huevo&quot; and its derivatives use the singular; I cannot recall a colloquial expression that uses the plural, unless the expression refers specifically to testicles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last comment: while most colloquial expressions tend to be male-referenced, it is not at all unusual to hear women use them, whether it is in the company of men or amongst women themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T17:44:49.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24072" CreationDate="2018-02-02T22:30:07.823" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A usual translation seems to be &lt;em&gt;devenires humanos&lt;/em&gt;. See for instance this excerpt from &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9X_LttlDMl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;lpg=PA43&amp;amp;dq=devenires%20humanos&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=djW4E36xbh&amp;amp;sig=JtIrAJs8dycVIUosZ5obKD44IRk&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj02LOBm4jZAhVFh5AKHRLZCEgQ6AEIMTAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=devenires%20humanos&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ambientes para la vida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a Spanish translation of a series of conferences by Tim Ingold: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que somos, entonces, o lo que podemos ser, no viene ya hecho. Tenemos que, perpetuamente e interminablemente, estar haciéndonos. O en una palabra, los humanos no son &lt;em&gt;seres&lt;/em&gt; sino &lt;em&gt;devenires&lt;/em&gt;, cada uno instanciado como una cierta forma de vida en el mundo [...] En consecuencia, los devenires humanos &#xA;  continuamente forjan sus caminos, y guían los caminos de sus compañeros, en el crisol de su vida en común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T22:30:07.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24072" CreationDate="2018-02-02T22:37:55.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por mantener un poco la sonoridad de &quot;ser&quot;, y el sentido de que el humano no &quot;es&quot;, sino que &quot;se va haciendo&quot;, &lt;em&gt;podrías&lt;/em&gt; usar &quot;hacer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5NPsQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&quot; de &quot;ser humano&quot; no es el verbo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, sino un sustantivo derivado del mismo: justo como pasa en inglés con &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/being&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;being&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer&lt;/a&gt;&quot; no tiene en español tal forma de sustantivo (aunque hay algunos rastros, como el sustantivo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UlraVzO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quehacer&lt;/a&gt;&quot;), pero eh, tampoco la tiene &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/becoming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;becoming&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en inglés, así que la relación es la misma que entre &quot;ser&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;being&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si a &lt;em&gt;human beings&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo &quot;humano&quot; + sustantivo reconocido &lt;em&gt;beings&lt;/em&gt; significando &quot;ser, son&quot;) le corresponde  &quot;seres humanos&quot;, a &lt;em&gt;human becomings&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo &quot;humanos&quot; + sustantivo inventado &lt;em&gt;becomings&lt;/em&gt; significando &quot;hacerse, se hacen&quot;) le podría corresponder &quot;&lt;strong&gt;haceres humanos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T22:37:55.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22676" CreationDate="2018-02-03T03:51:27.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin ningún rigor etimológico, diré que en México, la palabra usada es 'emputecerse', que se forma con el prefijo em- y el reflexivo de 'putear' que frecuentemente se refiere a dar una golpiza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno que se emputece frecuentemente comienza a aventar y romper cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE dice de em-:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en-&#xA;  Tb. em- ante b o p. Del lat. in-.&#xA;  1. pref. Interviene, sin significación precisa, en la formación de algunos derivados. Empalizar, embrutecer, encapado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T03:51:27.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22047" CreationDate="2018-02-03T17:55:00.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede parecer simple, pero yo usaría simplemente el término &lt;code&gt;independientes&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son independientes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluye el verbo &quot;ser&quot;, por lo que en cierto modo al decir que son independientes, ante todo, &quot;son&quot;, y por tanto existen. Además, lo hacen de forma independiente, es decir, que no interaccionan. Tambén puedes englobar este significado en el adverbio &quot;independientemente&quot;, que puedes añadir a tus descripciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si esto te sirve, es mi humilde intento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edito:&#xA;Posiblemente haya una buena retahíla de sinónimos entre los que alguno se ajuste mejor: emancipados, autónomos, indiferentes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T17:55:00.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24080" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-03T19:23:38.433" Score="0" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México cuando &lt;strong&gt;se hace del uno&lt;/strong&gt;, se trata de orinar, cuando &lt;strong&gt;se hace del dos,&lt;/strong&gt; es lo otro.  ¿Estas expresiones funcionan en tu país/región?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-03T19:25:52.380" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T21:58:57.977" Title="¿Es universal la distincion entre &quot;del uno&quot; y &quot;del dos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24080" CreationDate="2018-02-03T19:26:05.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What follows is based on what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Let's use community wiki to summarize a set of short region-specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Sí. Estas expresiones funcionan así también en:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guatemala. Las expresiones se usan de la misma forma. La frecuencia en la que se usan puede variar con la de México.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;No. Estas expresiones no funcionan así en las siguientes áreas, donde más bien se usan estas otras:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;España. No se usan eufemismos, por ejemplo los niños piden ir al baño con &quot;pipí&quot; o &quot;caca&quot; directamente. Las expresiones &quot;aguas menores&quot; y &quot;aguas mayores&quot; suenan ya muy caducas. Como mucho, la palabra &quot;caca&quot; que es algo escatológica, se cambia por &quot;popó&quot; o por &quot;lo otro&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-04T21:58:57.977" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T21:58:57.977" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-03T19:26:05.423" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24083" CreationDate="2018-02-03T21:38:44.570" Score="4" ViewCount="869" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantyliner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pantyliners&lt;/a&gt; which differ from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitary_napkin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sanitary napkin aka the famous &quot;pad&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, doesn't seem to have a specific word in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What words are used in Spanish to mean &quot;pantyliner&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T14:27:05.843" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T14:27:05.843" Title="Translation of &quot;pantyliner&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24082" CreationDate="2018-02-04T01:56:04.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although there is no Spanish entry for &quot;pantyliner&quot; in wikipedia (your linked source), there is one in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=pantyliner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wordreference&lt;/a&gt;, which translates as &quot;pantiprotector&quot;  and &quot;salvaslips&quot;. None are in the DRAE. I think I have never heard of &quot;pantiprotector&quot; but may have heard of &quot;salvaslips&quot; (or even &quot;salvaslip&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, I believe that the more widespread term used for &quot;an absorbent piece of material used for feminine hygiene [...] worn in the gusset of a woman's panties [...] for daily vaginal discharge, light menstrual flow, tampon and menstrual cup backup, spotting, post-intercourse discharge, and urinary incontinence&quot; is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A3CdDjR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;compresa&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;compresa&quot; can refer also to some sort of sanitary pad, but it also refers to the &quot;compresa higiénica&quot;, which is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Tira desechable de celulosa u otra materia similar que sirve para absorber el flujo menstrual de la mujer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T01:56:04.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24086" CreationDate="2018-02-04T04:17:25.513" Score="4" ViewCount="1608" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;estaba durmiendo&lt;/strong&gt; cuando me llamaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;dormía&lt;/strong&gt; cuando me llamaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both have the same meaning of &quot;&lt;em&gt;I was sleeping when you called me&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. I can't really understand if there's any difference between imperfect indicative and imperfect progressive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T06:40:16.457" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T06:40:16.457" Title="Difference between imperfect indicative and imperfect progressive" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24082" CreationDate="2018-02-04T07:50:14.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word you're looking for is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=salvaslip&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;salvaslip&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=protegeslip&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;protegeslip&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Compresa&quot; (pad) is a more general term, but normally used to mean the thicker ones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salvaslips&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; are thinner and more discreet, but cannot absorb as much. Because of that, they are used only in the last days of your period, or in the days before as a protective measure against an unexpected start of it. Hence the name &quot;salva slip&quot; or &quot;protege slip&quot;: they save/protect your panties from stains and give you some time to find a proper pad or tampon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not in the dictionary (yet), but every woman will understand what you mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-04T08:14:13.550" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T08:14:13.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24084" CreationDate="2018-02-04T13:35:55.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, and many of the kind, there is no difference between the imperfect and the progressive. I would personally use the progressive, but the form with the imperfect is grammatically correct and its meaning is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect can also express a habitual action in the past (which in English would employ &lt;em&gt;used to&lt;/em&gt; or the modal &lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt;), and in that usage you cannot substitute the progressive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo jugaba mucho al fútbol cuando era pequeño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I used to play football a lot when I was little.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A habitual action in the past can employ a progressive form, but only in a construction using an adverb or phrase like &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;todo el tiempo&lt;/em&gt; (this is mostly as in English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estaba siempre jugando al fútbol cuando era pequeño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I was always playing football when I was little.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This emphasizes the repetition or regularity of the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some times the verb does not lend itself to use in the progressive, even in constructions exactly parallel to that of your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tenía las manos ocupadas cuando tocaste a la puerta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I had my hands full when you knocked on the door.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(i.e. you cannot use &lt;em&gt;*estaba teniendo las manos ocupadas&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general I would advise that, for a structure like your example (&quot;to be doing something (continuous) when something else (suddenly) happened&quot;), you should use the progressive. The sentence will then have a main clause in the progressive tense and a temporal subordinate in the indefinite preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T13:35:55.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24084" CreationDate="2018-02-05T05:41:56.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a paradigm I find helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estaba caminando&lt;/strong&gt; a la casa cuando &lt;strong&gt;vino el aguacero&lt;/strong&gt;. | I was walking home when the downpour started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, we set the scene; then comes something sudden, like a thunderclap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me preguntaba si me iban a invitar. | I was wondering if they were going to invite me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I prefer &amp;quot;preguntaba&amp;quot; because &amp;quot;estaba preguntando&amp;quot; isn't really necessary, given that there's no sudden action.  You &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; use the progressive here, but you don't need to, and the imperfect indicative is more elegant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The presence of an adverb will often nudge one toward the imperfect indicative, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apenas empezaba a llover cuando llegamos. | It was just starting to rain when we arrived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without the adverb you could go either way (empezaba OR estaba empezando).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in Mexico (at least), there is another way to construct the progressive: replace &amp;quot;estaba&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;iba&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;venía.&amp;quot;  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suppose my son is telling me a story, and the order of the incidents has gotten a bit confused.  I might ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espera, no entendí.  ¿Venías caminando a la casa cuando pasó eso? | Were you walking home when that happened?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My partner asks me if I'm almost ready to leave the house.  I respond&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iba buscando una carta que me llegó ayer pero mejor busco más tarde.  Vámonos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iba caminando a la casa cuando vino el aguacero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These three sentences feel &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; progressive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T05:41:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24091" CreationDate="2018-02-05T10:46:45.490" Score="12" ViewCount="15510" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español escrito, sobre todo en contextos informales (cómics, chats... aunque también en titulares de periódicos) no es raro encontrarse a veces con una palabra en la que alguna de las vocales se ha repetido artificialmente para expresar una pronunciación más alargada, a modo de grito. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aDQbP.jpg&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; alt=&quot;¡Gooool!&quot; title=&quot;¡Gooool!&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5WBYe.jpg&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; alt=&quot;¡Mamaaá!&quot; title=&quot;¡Mamaaá!&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jnf2b.jpg&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; alt=&quot;¡Nooooooooooooo!&quot; title=&quot;¡Nooooooooooooo!&quot;&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo ejemplo, la palabra original es &quot;mamá&quot;, con tilde en la última A, que es precisamente la vocal alargada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En ese caso el autor ha puesto la tilde solamente &lt;strong&gt;en la última vocal&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;¡Mamaaá!&lt;/em&gt;), pero también he visto casos de poner la tilde sólo &lt;strong&gt;en la primera&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;¡Mamáaa!&lt;/em&gt;) o &lt;strong&gt;en todas&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;¡Mamááá!&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá, por no ser &quot;mamaaá&quot; una palabra real, no exista una norma al respecto, pero por si acaso... &lt;strong&gt;¿Existe alguna norma o referencia sobre cómo tildar palabras en las que, como recurso expresivo, se alarga una vocal que casualmente lleva tilde?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2020-05-13T06:27:29.400" Title="¿Dónde se pone la tilde cuando se alarga artificialmente una vocal?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24090" CreationDate="2018-02-05T11:14:14.773" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/439361158899052544?lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE escribe en Twitter&lt;/a&gt; que se acentúan todas las vocales repetidas si la palabra original lleva tilde en esa vocal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/hashtag/RAEconsultas?src=hash&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/a&gt; Cuando se alarga expresivamente la vocal con tilde en una palabra, deben tildarse todas las vocales repetidas: ¡Mamáááá!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/em&gt; encontramos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QuOIxwoUTHVrzLCI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;norma&lt;/a&gt; que lo confirma, transcribo el fragmento en cuestión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«No obstante, cuando, por razones expresivas, se escriba&#xA;  consecutivamente una misma vocal varias veces para reflejar en la&#xA;  escritura el sostenimiento en el habla del sonido que esta representa,&#xA;  se repitirá asimismo la tilde en cada letra si la vocal debe llevarla&#xA;  en la palabra correspondiente: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Repetía cada vez más fuerte: —Quiero&#xA;  irme de aquí, quiero irme de aquí, quiero irme de aquí. ¡Quiero&#xA;  irmeeee de aquííííííí!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (Cohen Muerte [Esp.1993])».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-05-13T06:27:29.400" LastActivityDate="2020-05-13T06:27:29.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23153" CreationDate="2018-02-05T15:42:47.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La otra vez platicaba con un amigo de las diferencias entre el español de México y el de España, y salió al aire el asunto de las consolas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España es &lt;em&gt;la Xbox, la Playstation, la Wii&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Mientras que en México (y gran parte de Latinoamérica) el género de estas consolas es masculino, por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;el Xbox, el Wii&lt;/em&gt;. La razón de ser femeninas es en teoría porque se hace alusión a su &lt;em&gt;hiperónimo&lt;/em&gt;, que es una consola de juegos. En otras variantes del español, yo creo que lo que pasa es un proceso de &lt;em&gt;lexicalización&lt;/em&gt; (o similar a él) muy rápido, en el cual se considera que todos saben que esa palabra hace referencia a una consola. Por tanto se termina eligiendo el género con respecto a su terminación fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay casos similares en el cual no se utiliza el proceso de otorgar género a una palabra según su hiperónimo, y creo que el mejor ejemplo es el siguiente. Por lo general se dice: &lt;em&gt;una Coca(-Cola)&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;una Pepsi(-Cola)&lt;/em&gt; pero se dice &lt;em&gt;un 7-up&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;un Sprite&lt;/em&gt;. Ciertos casos contradicen el hecho de que su hiperónimo es de hecho un refresco, una soda o una bebida refrescante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el género correcto? Actualmente ambos, según el país donde te encuentres será mejor aceptado. Sin embargo tal vez a la larga termine generalizándose el género masculino o el más acorde a la fonética como pasó con los refrescos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18739" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-05T16:05:14.153" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T16:05:14.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24096" CreationDate="2018-02-06T08:32:28.793" Score="6" ViewCount="3025" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, las palabras &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt; tienen la siguiente etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E7fKGDe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;don, doña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;domĭnus&lt;/em&gt; 'señor'; la forma f., del lat. &lt;em&gt;domĭna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, aunque su origen queda claro lo que no me queda claro es la evolución que han sufrido para llegar desde &lt;em&gt;domĭnus&lt;/em&gt; hasta &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt;. Y más teniendo en cuenta que las mismas palabras &lt;em&gt;domĭnus, domĭna&lt;/em&gt; también dieron origen a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EEsL9LT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dueño/a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál fue la evolución que nos dio &lt;em&gt;don, doña&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Por qué el femenino originó una &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; cuando otras palabras que acaban en &lt;em&gt;-ón&lt;/em&gt; tienen el femenino en &lt;em&gt;-ona&lt;/em&gt;? (Ejemplos: &lt;em&gt;abusona, besucona, campeona&lt;/em&gt;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-06T08:38:43.930" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T11:25:00.190" Title="¿Cómo se originaron las formas &quot;don&quot; y &quot;doña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24095" CreationDate="2018-02-06T11:25:00.190" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las alternancias &lt;em&gt;don/dueño&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;doña/dueña&lt;/em&gt; parecen ser resultado de un proceso de cambio fonológico diferencial, aunque a primera vista sugieren &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doublet_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dobletes&lt;/a&gt; etimológicos. Paso a explicar más abajo, notando que la fuente de ambas hipótesis es &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?don&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este sitio web&lt;/a&gt;, no muy conocido por su confiabilidad, aunque en este caso las explicaciones son claras y plausibles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un doblete etimológico es un par de palabras que derivan del mismo origen pero que tienen formas diferentes, generalmente porque fueron incorporadas a la misma lengua en dos ocasiones diferentes. En castellano esto suele pasar con los cultismos: la misma palabra latina experimentó por un lado su cambio regular al pasar al romance y al castellano, y por otro fue preservada o reincorporada en el registro literario o formal en una forma más conservadora. Por ejemplo, son dobletes &lt;em&gt;llave&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;clave&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hembra&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fémina&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto podría explicar &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;dueño&lt;/em&gt; si asumimos que el latín &lt;em&gt;dominus&lt;/em&gt; fue apocopado a &lt;em&gt;*dom&lt;/em&gt; (cuando era un título) en tiempos muy tempranos, antes de que el romance diptongara la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; corta. Pero parece que no fue así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio y por lo que explica la fuente citada, lo que ocurrió fue que, cuando se usaban como títulos frente al nombre propio, las palabras que luego serían &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt; se hicieron átonas, es decir, proclíticos sin acentuación propia, como los artículos. (Cuando uno dice &lt;em&gt;don Felipe&lt;/em&gt;  fonéticamente sólo se &quot;escucha&quot; una palabra llana de cuatro sílabas.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En muchas de las lenguas romances la antigua &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; corta del latín (luego &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; abierta [ɔ]) diptongó, pero sólo cuando era vocal tónica. Ésta es la razón de que en castellano existan los verbos con raíz alternante del tipo &lt;em&gt;volar&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;vuelo&lt;/em&gt;. Fue lo que pasó en este caso: &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;*domne&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;domine&lt;/em&gt; (vocativo de &lt;em&gt;dominus&lt;/em&gt;) perdió su acentuación propia al incorporarse fonéticamente a la palabra siguiente, y su vocal dejó de estar sujeta a la regla de diptongación. Lo mismo ocurrió con &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;donna&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;domina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de que &lt;em&gt;doña&lt;/em&gt; tenga una &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; es que &lt;em&gt;domina&lt;/em&gt; primero sincopó en &lt;em&gt;domna&lt;/em&gt;, que luego se simplificó a &lt;em&gt;donna&lt;/em&gt;, y la &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; geminada se transformó en &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; en castellano. En realidad, viendo el par &lt;em&gt;don/doña&lt;/em&gt;, lo que alguien sin conocimientos de castellano podría preguntarse es por qué &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; no es cambio &lt;em&gt;*doñ&lt;/em&gt;. En castellano no hubo una palatalización tan generalizada de /l/ y /n/ en distintas posiciones, como sí la hubo (por ejemplo) en catalán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T11:25:00.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-06T12:39:15.743" Score="0" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo puedo encontrar la &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/tanto-que-subjunctive.2008643/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regla&lt;/a&gt; cuando el caso indica expectación o cuando expresa el negativo y ningún de los dos aplica aquí: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;dar la barrila: Decir o pedir algo con tanta insistencia que &lt;strong&gt;resulte&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  molesto o impertinente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-06T13:12:15.823" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T13:12:15.823" Title="¿Por qué se usa subjuntivo aquí: &quot;Decir o pedir algo con tanta insistencia que *resulte* molesto o impertinente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2018-02-06T13:58:03.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-06T19:05:11.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;How to learn Spanish&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt;: a question and answer site within the StackExchange family, intended &amp;quot;for students, teachers, polyglots, and anyone interested in the techniques of second-language acquisition.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the growing body of Q&amp;amp;As here at Spanish Language!  You can search by a tag you're interested in, such as &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/subjunctive&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;subjunctive&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;subjunctive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-09-24T07:02:36.800" LastActivityDate="2020-09-24T07:02:36.800" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-06T19:05:11.967" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24026" CreationDate="2018-02-07T07:43:14.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Viernes negro&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la historia de muchos países, han existido eventos políticos o económicos que por su naturaleza negativa han sido llamados &lt;strong&gt;viernes negro&lt;/strong&gt;. Es posible que el primer evento de esta naturaleza haya sido a consecuencia de los conflictos bélicos en Europa a finales del s.XIX que causo un retiro general de inversiones y una consecuente escasez de crédito. Este evento fue conocido en Inglaterra como &lt;strong&gt;viernes negro&lt;/strong&gt; (11 de mayo de 1866) y causó quiebras en España así como efectos en otros países incluyendo América.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de este evento, hay otros sucesos que se han bautizado como &lt;strong&gt;viernes negro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1869, crisis de Nueva York&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1983, devaluación del bolivar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1987, represión política de Panamá&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2001, crisis en Argentina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, según el sitio del history channel, entre otras &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.history.com/news/whats-the-real-history-of-black-friday&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;historias&lt;/a&gt;, se destaca el supuesto de que en los años 50, la policía de Filadelphia en los EE.UU. llamaba &lt;strong&gt;Black Friday&lt;/strong&gt; al día despues de &lt;em&gt;acción de gracias&lt;/em&gt;. En este día, hordas de compradores saturaban las calles de la cuidad para anticiparse al juego de fútbol americano entre los representantes de las academias de la armada y la marina. Debido a la connotación negativa de la expresión &lt;strong&gt;Black Friday&lt;/strong&gt;, los comerciantes de la cuidad trataron de cambiar el término a &lt;strong&gt;Big Friday&lt;/strong&gt; con resultados nulos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;El buen fin&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México, en el año 2011 se lanzó una campaña similar al &lt;strong&gt;black friday&lt;/strong&gt;. El evento se ha estado llevando a cabo de manera anual y se denomina &lt;strong&gt;El buen fin&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo quiero hacer unos comentarios al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;negro&lt;/strong&gt; siempre tiene un sentido negativo y, por consecuencia, &lt;strong&gt;viernes negro&lt;/strong&gt; es usado como un evento desafortunado; de la misma manera que &lt;strong&gt;rojo&lt;/strong&gt; también tiene el sentido de un evento donde hubo derramamiento de sangre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aún cuando al escuchar &lt;strong&gt;viernes negro&lt;/strong&gt;, en nuestra mente, es asociado de manera natural con algún evento desafortunado por la acepción correspondiente de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;negro&lt;/strong&gt;; el término es ampliamente conocido como la campaña de ventas en los EEUU.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En un ámbito local, tanto para los que se lanzan de compras ese día desde la madrugada como para los compradores normales, el &lt;strong&gt;Black Friday&lt;/strong&gt; es también sinónimo de un día de caos donde hay mucho tráfico, aglomeración de personas, grandes tiempos de espera para hecer pagos en los comercios y en general un aumento del estrés general. Por este motivo, las conotaciones negativas también son relevantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;el buen fin&lt;/strong&gt; no es la castellanización (en este caso mexicanización) de &lt;strong&gt;black friday&lt;/strong&gt;. Aunque &lt;strong&gt;El buen fin&lt;/strong&gt; esta inspirado en el &lt;strong&gt;black friday&lt;/strong&gt;, es un evento distinto. En mi opinión, simplemente los encargados de la campaña quisieron evitar todas las connotaciones negativas de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;black&lt;/strong&gt; y la sustituyeron por una palabra positiva; en este caso: &lt;strong&gt;buen&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En cuanto al término encontrado en RAE: aún cuando el razonamiento que expresas en tu pregunta es válido, el hecho de que &lt;strong&gt;black&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;friday&lt;/strong&gt; tienen equivalentes directos en español me hace pensar que es muy difícil elegir un conjunto de palabras distinto sin entrar en controversias o ambigüedades.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T07:36:10.130" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24101" CreationDate="2018-02-07T13:33:47.863" Score="5" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bienvenidos de nuevo al &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt;. No tenía mucha idea de qué texto poner en esta ocasión, así que me fui a Google, busqué &quot;most famous quotes&quot;, abrí &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.goodreads.com/quotes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el primer enlace&lt;/a&gt; y escogí una que me pareció corta (153 caracteres) pero golfeable a la par. Es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'm selfish, impatient and a little insecure. I make mistakes, I am out of control and at times hard to handle. But if you can't handle me at my worst, then you sure as hell don't deserve me at my best.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;― Marilyn Monroe  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posible traducción de 151 caracteres sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Soy egoísta, impaciente y algo insegura. Cometo errores, me descontrolo y a veces soy insoportable. Pero si no me soportas en mi peor momento, entonces seguro que no me mereces en el mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como siempre, la traducción que respete el original usando el menor número de caracteres, gana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enlaces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/12637&quot;&gt;Normas del juego&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Contador de caracteres&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;Chat oficial del stack&lt;/a&gt;, donde podrás conocer a otros participantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T15:04:20.440" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T11:16:22.553" Title="Translation Golf XXXI - I'm selfish, impatient and a little insecure" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-07T13:53:04.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24100" CreationDate="2018-02-07T13:53:56.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;78 49 41&lt;/s&gt; 37&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Erro, dudo, no paro. Yo, yo, yo. ¿Mucho? No mereces más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T11:16:22.553" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T11:16:22.553" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-07T13:53:56.300" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24100" CreationDate="2018-02-07T15:04:13.817" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;115 88  55 48&lt;/s&gt; 40 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toma mi ego, prisa, duda, yerros y manías o pasa de mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T11:04:17.047" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T11:04:17.047" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-07T15:04:13.817" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24100" CreationDate="2018-02-07T15:08:11.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;71&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy egoísta, ansiosa e insegura. Impulsiva e incontrolable, ¿de malas no?&#xA;  menos de buenas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T15:18:10.443" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T15:18:10.443" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-07T15:08:11.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-07T19:28:28.100" Score="7" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence, &quot;Prepara tú el café, yo los voy sirviendo&quot; why is the tú &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; the verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T20:36:45.030" Title="Why is the tú after the verb in &quot;Prepara tú el café&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24105" CreationDate="2018-02-07T19:59:22.587" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you mean why it appears, the reason is that you can always include them. Omitting subjects is possible, but not compulsory. In this case, adding the pronoun highlights that it is you to whom the sentence is directed. It is an order. The speaker is &quot;setting the task distribution&quot;, and this is very likely to have such interpelations. &lt;code&gt;You, prepare the coffee&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you meant why it is after the verb, it's because in Spanish you're free to put it before or after the verb in questions (and in general, but try to speak normally ;)  )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T03:51:37.717" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T03:51:37.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24112" CreationDate="2018-02-07T21:19:31.597" Score="3" ViewCount="5717" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &amp;quot;más te vale&amp;quot; la entiendo como un consejo o incluso una amenaza. Encontré algunos ejemplos relativamente antiguos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fatiga alguna vez el amor, mas nunca mata. Y si él muere, más te vale que muera él que tú, o él sólo, que los dos juntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Juan Justiniano, Instrucción de la mujer cristiana, 1528&#xA;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;amigo, non te confiessas a mí, ante te confiesas a Dios e si non te descubres Dios te descobrirá en el día del juyzio do será llegado todo el mundo e aquí non estamos sinon Dios e tú e se lo confiessas avrás absoluçión; otramente serás condenado, e amigo, más te vale que pierdas la vergüença ante mí que non seas porfaçado ante toda la corte çelestial e ante todo el mundo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Pedro de Cuéllar, Catecismo, 1325&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna explicación del origen de esta expresión y el sentido que se le da?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T08:46:19.217" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;más te vale&quot;?" Tags="&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24100" CreationDate="2018-02-07T21:49:57.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;61&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy egoista, loca, cerril, apurada. La cago. ¿así me niegas? No mereces mi gloria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T13:24:55.230" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T13:24:55.230" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-07T21:49:57.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24105" CreationDate="2018-02-07T22:22:12.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Prepara&quot; is an imperative.  It's common to put the pronoun after the verb in an imperative, when it is not omitted altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T22:22:12.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23263" CreationDate="2018-02-07T22:31:20.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a ver esta pregunta me doy cuenta de que, si bien los ejemplos de autoantónimos están muy bien, no son palabras comparables con &amp;quot;indiferente&amp;quot;, en el sentido de que son léxicamente ambiguas, pero no gramaticalmente polivalentes, como sí lo es &amp;quot;indiferente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me explico: el predicado &amp;quot;ser indiferente&amp;quot; puede funcionar con dos estructuras o &amp;quot;esqueletos&amp;quot; argumentales, que corresponden a la misma situación subyacente. Una de las estructuras es intransitiva, con un complemento oblicuo opcional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él es indiferente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Él es indiferente hacia mí.&lt;/em&gt; (1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Caben otras preposiciones además de &lt;em&gt;hacia&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra estructura es una frase que formalmente también es intransitiva, pero que toma obligatoriamente un objeto indirecto (OI). Dicho OI corresponde al sujeto de la otra estructura, mientras que el sujeto de esta segunda construcción corresponde al oblicuo de la primera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo le soy indiferente.&lt;/em&gt; (2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos estamos hablando de lo mismo; si nominalizamos la frase hablaríamos de &amp;quot;su indiferencia (de él) (hacia mí)&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí el concepto &amp;quot;indiferente&amp;quot; está siendo usado casi exactamente igual que el de &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot;, con la diferencia de que cuando usamos el verbo &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; en la primera estructura el complemento es obligatorio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él gusta de mí.&lt;/em&gt; (1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo le gusto.&lt;/em&gt; (2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &amp;quot;indiferente&amp;quot; quizá no sea un verdadero autoantónimo: es simplemente la misma palabra, con el mismo significado, usada en dos estructuras sintácticas opuestas, igual que &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T22:31:20.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24105" CreationDate="2018-02-08T07:33:45.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Prepara&lt;/code&gt; works as an imperative form. It is a order for whoever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the pronoun &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;, is not required because it is implicit in the verb. The form &lt;code&gt;prepara&lt;/code&gt; it's a 2nd form imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BpyCL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BpyCL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence has exactly the same meaning if you exclude &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;, it is just a way of speaking. Nevertheless, it is common to use pronouns to reinforce imperations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastEditorUserId="11352" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T08:36:08.183" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T08:36:08.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24107" CreationDate="2018-02-08T08:46:19.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ha dicho @walen en su comentario, la expresión es literal. Entre los muchos significados de &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;, vemos el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bIEq7WY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;valer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;valēre&lt;/em&gt; 'ser fuerte', 'estar sano', 'tener tal o cual valor'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Producir, dar ganancias o interés. U. t. en sent. fig. &lt;em&gt;La tardanza me valió un gran disgusto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo en el ejemplo que pone habría usado el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B6gxicW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;costar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; u otros, pero como ves, se usa también &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt;. Así pues, la expresión &lt;em&gt;más te vale&lt;/em&gt; significaría, según esta acepción, &lt;em&gt;te interesa más&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me han resultado llamativos tus ejemplos, dado que se ve cómo una expresión se ha mantenido inmutable con el paso de los años. Veamos el significado del verbo &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; en diccionarios anteriores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Significa assimismo ser una cosa de importancia, ù utilidad para la consecucion, ò el logro de otra.&lt;/em&gt; (Diccionario de Autoridades, 1739)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy intentando buscar la definición en el diccionario de Covarrubias, pero curiosamente no aparece. Buscando más atrás podemos ver cómo se traducía vale a otros idiomas en el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt;, en 1570.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como &lt;em&gt;valer un precio&lt;/em&gt; o como &lt;em&gt;equivaler&lt;/em&gt;, en 1516 y en 1495.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, estos diccionarios no era muy exhaustivos y solo daban traducción a las acepciones principales de cada palabra. Por tus ejemplos se ve que la acepción de &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;interesar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; ya existía en el siglo XIV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date cuenta además de que la expresión &lt;em&gt;más te vale&lt;/em&gt; es personal dado que supone que estás hablando con alguien. Pero la forma impersonal también se ha usado mucho:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Más vale páxaro en la mano que buytre bolando.&lt;/em&gt; (c 1507)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Más vale grano de pimienta que libra de arroz!&lt;/em&gt; (1438)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Más vale seso que ventura, que riqueza, nin linage.&lt;/em&gt; (c 1330)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Más vale que enfermo a paraíso vayas que sano e valient en el infierno cayas.&lt;/em&gt; (c 1236)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Más vale que nós los vezcamos que ellos cojan el pan!&lt;/em&gt; (c 1140)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que antes, la expresión &lt;em&gt;más vale&lt;/em&gt; significaría &lt;em&gt;interesa más&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;importa más&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T08:46:19.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-08T08:57:16.923" Score="8" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give a bit of context, in the line: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recibió una lluvia de &lt;strong&gt;tomatazos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;He was pelted with tomatoes.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;tomatazos&lt;/em&gt; is used rather than &lt;em&gt;tomates&lt;/em&gt;. What is the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomatazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've consulted dictionaries and SpanishDict and am no closer to an answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T09:07:26.313" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T13:25:27.457" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;tomatazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24113" CreationDate="2018-02-08T09:03:45.050" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The suffix &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;-aza&lt;/em&gt;) can be used to make sustantives with the meaning of &quot;a hit given with (something)&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=-azo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-azo, za&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. A veces significa golpe dado con lo designado por la base derivativa. &lt;em&gt;Porrazo, almohadillazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, from &lt;em&gt;tomate&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; we get &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomatazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, meaning &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a hit given with a tomato&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your translation is replacing the suffix with its actual meaning. A more literal translation (though I like yours more) would be &lt;em&gt;&quot;He received a rain of tomato hits&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T13:25:27.457" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T13:25:27.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24113" CreationDate="2018-02-08T09:34:24.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add more information to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24114/12637&quot;&gt;@walen's answer&lt;/a&gt;, I'd like to add that the RAE's Spanish Grammar contains &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KMoTTvtpqWKcmOjd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a whole chapter about the &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; suffix&lt;/a&gt; (link in Spanish). It basically says that the &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt; suffix comes from latin &lt;em&gt;-acĕus&lt;/em&gt; and it forms a number of compounds in Spanish that refer to hits and sudden actions. So &lt;em&gt;cabezazo&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;a hit with (or in) the head&lt;/em&gt;. The base word is usually a noun but it can also be a verb, as in &lt;em&gt;frenazo&lt;/em&gt; (a sudden braking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The producivity of this suffix is outstanding, as you can form compounds with almost every noun: &lt;em&gt;zapatazo&lt;/em&gt; would mean &lt;em&gt;a hit with a shoe&lt;/em&gt;, and not &lt;em&gt;a big shoe&lt;/em&gt;. So the &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; warns us that &lt;strong&gt;due to the big amount of possible compounds it is not possible to register them all in the dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The compound forms that refer to hits come mainly from weapons, instruments, utensils and physical objects in general: &lt;em&gt;banderillazo, barquinazo, bastonazo, batazo, botellazo, cabezazo, cachiporrazo, cantazo, cuentazo, culatazo, escobazo, fierrazo, filazo, garrotazo, ladrillazo, macanazo, machetazo, martillazo, palazo, palmetazo, pepazo, piquetazo, puyazo, quiñazo, rolazo, sartenazo, talegazo, tetuntazo, toletazo, trancazo, varetazo&lt;/em&gt; and many more. You can also use parts of the body: &lt;em&gt;codazo, puñetazo, rodillazo, testarazo, zarpazo, derechazo, zurdazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check the link above to get more information about the subject (quite interesting even for Spanish-language natives).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T11:16:03.053" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T11:16:03.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24118" CreationDate="2018-02-08T11:14:40.490" Score="7" ViewCount="1900" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muy en la línea de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17669/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; el espa&amp;#241;ol se decant&amp;#243; por &amp;quot;ventana&amp;quot; en vez de por un derivado de &amp;quot;fenestram&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, descubro hoy que la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5xAxQKq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; —de origen incierto según el DLE, aunque &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bosque&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;otras fuentes&lt;/a&gt; dicen que viene de la raíz germánica &lt;em&gt;busk-&lt;/em&gt; (que también dio el catalán &lt;em&gt;bosc&lt;/em&gt;)— es una rareza en nuestro idioma, ya que en muchos idiomas cercanos se han decantado por un derivado de &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt;, del bajo latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Forest&lt;/em&gt; (inglés).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Forêt&lt;/em&gt; (francés).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Foresta&lt;/em&gt; (italiano).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Floresta&lt;/em&gt; (portugués).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más raro aún teniendo en cuenta que el adjetivo relacionado es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IEeNomR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;forestal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;Perteneciente o relativo a los bosques&quot;. Es cierto que en español tenemos tanto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IEbFyB0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;foresta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del b. lat. &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt; 'bosque'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Terreno poblado de plantas forestales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I6xH3e3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;floresta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. ant. &lt;em&gt;forest&lt;/em&gt;, hoy &lt;em&gt;forêt&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Terreno frondoso y ameno poblado de árboles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero ninguna de las dos palabras es de uso común hoy día. El CORDE da 6616 casos de &lt;em&gt;bosque&lt;/em&gt; (de los que 1184 son anteriores a 1600) por 1558 de &lt;em&gt;floresta&lt;/em&gt; (de los que 1275 son anteriores a 1600) y 25 de &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se nota por tanto que antes de 1600 tanto &lt;em&gt;floresta&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;bosque&lt;/em&gt; se usaban indistintamente. Según Covarrubias, &quot;bosque&quot; era &quot;monte espeso de arboleda&quot; y &quot;floresta&quot; era &quot;selva o monte espeso&quot;, por lo que al parecer eran bastante sinónimas allá por 1600.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué entonces acabó prevaleciendo en español el extranjerismo frente a la palabra de origen latino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T13:38:15.083" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T22:26:53.300" Title="¿Por qué el español se decantó por &quot;bosque&quot; en vez de por un derivado de &quot;foresta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24105" CreationDate="2018-02-08T12:10:18.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun is optional and movable; it can appear before or after the verb, as in most cases in Spanish. The exact meaning of the phrase is subtly different according to whether you use the pronoun or not, and if you do use it, where you put it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the pronoun comes before the verb, at the beginning of the sentence, it can be interpreted as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocative&lt;/a&gt; or a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topic_and_comment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;topic&lt;/a&gt;. That is, if you say &lt;em&gt;tú prepara el café&lt;/em&gt;, then you can be interpreted as calling or addressing the other person (&quot;hey, you, prepare the coffee&quot;), or as making it the new theme of the sentence (&quot;as for you, prepare the coffee&quot;). In the first case a good practice is to write it with a comma after the pronoun (&lt;em&gt;tú, prepara el café&lt;/em&gt;), although this is increasingly not being done in informal communications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the pronoun comes after the verb, the meaning tends to be the usual meaning of pronouns that are not dropped when they could be, i. e. contrastive or emphatic: &lt;em&gt;prepara tú el café&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;you prepare the coffee [because nobody else will]&quot;. In your example the contrast is made clear by the following clause: &lt;em&gt;prepara tú el café, yo los voy sirviendo&lt;/em&gt; commands a division of tasks, &quot;you do this, I will do that&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all based on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=peDdxklgwEzkqFFr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;, §42.4b-c&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UqZPp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UqZPp.png&quot; alt=&quot;NGLE, 42.4b-c&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T12:10:18.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24116" CreationDate="2018-02-08T13:22:16.473" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me ha quedado un tocho de respuesta... Pero el &lt;strong&gt;resumen&lt;/strong&gt; viene a ser que (en mi opinión) en español nos quedamos con &quot;bosque&quot; porque la raíz latina &lt;em&gt;bosc-&lt;/em&gt; ya se estaba usando en Hispania mucho antes de que nos llegase &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt;, que es posterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que venga del proto-germánico no quiere decir que no pasase por el latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/boscus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etymology&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  From Frankish &lt;em&gt;*busk&lt;/em&gt;, from Proto-Germanic &lt;em&gt;*buskaz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;boscus&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m (genitive&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;boscī&lt;/strong&gt;); &lt;em&gt;second declension&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;wood, woodland&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que &lt;em&gt;boscus&lt;/em&gt; es del latín tardío (siglos III-VI), mientras que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/foresta#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foresta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; corresponde al latín medieval (siglos V al XV); es decir, que &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt; es posterior a &lt;em&gt;boscus&lt;/em&gt;, y posiblemente también al latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;buscus&lt;/em&gt; (ss. VI a IX).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE tenemos varias &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=bosc*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=1500&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocurrencias de la forma &quot;bosc*&quot; anteriores a 1500&lt;/a&gt;, donde se puede ver cómo en español da &quot;bosco&quot; y &quot;boscaje&quot; (mientras que en lo que parece catalán da &quot;bosch&quot;, &quot;boscatge&quot;). Algunos ejemplos de &quot;bosco&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Grangias cum terris, pratis, uineis, nemoribus, usuagris et pascuis in &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018130705712.1200.1196&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosco&lt;/a&gt; et plano, in aquis et molendinis, in uiis et semitis et omnibus aliis libertatibus et inmunitatibus suis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Documentos del Monasterio de Santa María de Trianos&lt;/em&gt;, 1255)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E todos los traydores dixieron que era muy bien. Entonçe sse metieron en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018130705712.1200.1196&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosco&lt;/a&gt;, e con sus espadas e con ssus cochillos fezieron las andas muy bien fechas, e metieron y dela rama, e echaron y a Ssansón, e cobrieron le muy bien el rostro de un muy rico palio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Cuento muy fermoso de Otas de Roma&lt;/em&gt;, c. 1300-1325)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E purgará en el azeyte el sesto e destruirá los muros de Bernia e tornará los &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=68&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018130705712.1200.1196&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto68&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscos&lt;/a&gt; en el llano e desviará de las razones e tornará en uno; e de cabeça de león será tornado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;El baladro del sabio Merlín con sus profecías&lt;/em&gt;, c. 1400-1498)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hacemos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=bosq*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=1500&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búsqueda por &quot;bosq*&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, vemos que las formas anteriores convivían con &quot;bosque&quot;, habiendo incluso autores que usan tanto ésta como las anteriores, en distintas partes de una misma obra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E en los campos &amp;amp; tierras planas se faze mas vjno. Mas en las montañyas &amp;amp; en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=19&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018132713554.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscages&lt;/a&gt; se faze mejor vjno.&lt;/em&gt; (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;E sy por auentura tu querras labrar alguna pieça de tierra. la qual sea plena de &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=20&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018132713554.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscatge&lt;/a&gt; o de Arboles que non fazen fructo. Tu deues escojer aquella partida que sera mas grassa &amp;amp; mas fructifficante segunt que auras conosçençia con las rreglas desuso dichas.&lt;/em&gt; (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;E avn deues proueher que las ovejas non ayan la pastura en lugares que aya muchas espjnas njn &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=3&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018132331336.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosq*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosques&lt;/a&gt; de arboles o plantas asperas &amp;amp; espinosas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Ferrer Sayol, &lt;em&gt;Libro de Palladio&lt;/em&gt;, 1380-1385)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et ende aquesta çiudat prende hombre vianda pora XI iornadas, car desque hombre parte por la cueua auant va hombre XI iornadas por desierto, que no hi ha nenguna habitaçion, sino en algunas aualladas que se troban de erbages, en do estan muchas bestias saluages et hay grandes &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=11&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018134604411.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosq*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosques&lt;/a&gt; de pino.&lt;/em&gt; (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Et quando los tartres supieron aquesta ordenaçion, fueron ne muyt corroçados, et de continent partieronse todos ensemble et fueron muyt luent deues trasmontana por lugares desiertos, et alla en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=52&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018134219552.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto52&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscages&lt;/a&gt; se rebellaron contra Preste Iohan.&lt;/em&gt; (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Assi que como los orifantes se sintieron nafrados començaron a foyr por el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=55&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=080218%5C013%5CC003O08022018134219552.1192.1188&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20bosc*%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1500%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto55&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bosch&lt;/a&gt;, crebando los castiellos et matando los hombres que eran desuso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Fernández de Heredia, Juan, &lt;em&gt;Libro de Marco Polo&lt;/em&gt;, 1396)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si los académicos de la RAE dicen que la etimología de &quot;bosque&quot; es incierta, sus razones tendrán.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En mi opinión&lt;/strong&gt;, y por lo visto &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bosque#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;también en la de Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;bosque&quot; deriva claramente del latín tardío &lt;em&gt;boscus&lt;/em&gt;, luego latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;buscus&lt;/em&gt;, y perduró en la península durante la Edad Media con esa raíz tanto en el occitano (&lt;em&gt;bosc&lt;/em&gt;) como en el español medieval (¿&lt;em&gt;bosco&lt;/em&gt;?), para acabar pasando a español y catalán.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La razón posiblemente sea (y esto ya es conjetura mía) que las influencias de godos y árabes en Hispania durante los siglos V a XII no eran las más adecuadas para cambiar de &lt;em&gt;buscus&lt;/em&gt; (que quizá resultaba más familiar para los godos, por ejemplo) a &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T16:45:58.090" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T16:45:58.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24116" CreationDate="2018-02-08T13:27:31.223" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que tener en cuenta que hay cognados del germánico &lt;em&gt;busk-&lt;/em&gt; en las lenguas romances mencionadas, aunque no sean las palabras más usuales para referirse al concepto de &quot;bosque&quot; o &quot;selva&quot; (distinción que a su vez es bastante compleja). El germánico &lt;em&gt;busk-&lt;/em&gt; pasó al latín como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/boscus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;boscus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y de allí a sus lenguas hijas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;portugués: &lt;em&gt;bosque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;italiano: &lt;em&gt;bosco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;francés: &lt;em&gt;bois&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra portuguesa &lt;em&gt;floresta&lt;/em&gt; tiene toda la pinta de ser una deformación de &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt; por cercanía semántica con &lt;em&gt;flor&lt;/em&gt;, que a su vez es una derivación totalmente anómala en romance ibérico (debió dar &lt;em&gt;*llor&lt;/em&gt; en castellano, &lt;em&gt;*chor&lt;/em&gt; en portugués), de manera que la descuento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Foresta&lt;/em&gt; a su vez también es una palabra anómala en castellano, ya que esa &lt;em&gt;f-&lt;/em&gt; inicial debió haber desaparecido. De hecho nos llegó por préstamo del latín medieval. Hoy en día es un cultismo muy poco usado, y su derivado &lt;em&gt;forestal&lt;/em&gt; es un término técnico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco sorprende que el inglés use &lt;em&gt;forest&lt;/em&gt; porque la derivación normal del germánico &lt;em&gt;busk-&lt;/em&gt; dio &lt;em&gt;bush&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene otro significado, de manera que también lo descontaría del análisis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me cierra claramente que una palabra pueda entrar al portugués desde el catalán o el occitano, como dice el Wikcionario; es casi seguro que el castellano haya sido el intermediario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco la situación del doblete &lt;em&gt;forêt/bois&lt;/em&gt; en francés, en cuanto a su mayor o menor uso, pero por lo que he podido leer, que la diferencia actual tiene que ver con su tamaño: un &lt;em&gt;bois&lt;/em&gt; es más pequeño. Por lo demás, son sinónimos. Posiblemente lo mismo se pueda decir de &lt;em&gt;bosco/foresta&lt;/em&gt; en italiano (en los diccionarios están listados como sinónimos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para contestar la última pregunta: el extranjerismo dejó de serlo una vez que pasó del franco al latín, lo cual debió ocurrir bastante antes de que éste se dividiese en ramas bien definidas de romance, porque de lo contrario no encontraríamos cognados en todas ellas. (Como detalle curioso, en el Wikcionario dice que hay una etimología posible del latín &lt;em&gt;foresta&lt;/em&gt; a partir de un término franco, &lt;em&gt;*forhist&lt;/em&gt;, que vendría a significar &quot;grupo de coníferas&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T16:32:00.150" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T16:32:00.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24026" CreationDate="2018-02-08T17:07:03.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente &lt;strong&gt;no veo motivo para traducirlo&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;es una fecha inventada por los estadounidenses, un evento con nombre propio&lt;/strong&gt;. Y los nombres propios, en principio, no hay por qué traducirlos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Puede argumentarse que los nombres de festividades siempre los traducimos: Acción de Gracias, Día de San Patricio... pero yo lo veo más como un tema de elección personal.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto de inventarse fechas no es nada raro. Aquí en España, muchas franquicias hacen lo mismo: inventarse &quot;eventos&quot; en los que poder aplicar descuentos &lt;em&gt;legalmente&lt;/em&gt; (ver siguiente párrafo). Algunos nombres os sonarán: los &lt;em&gt;Días de Oro&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;Semana de la Moda&lt;/em&gt;, los &lt;em&gt;Días sin IVA&lt;/em&gt;, los &lt;em&gt;Martes Locos&lt;/em&gt;...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de &lt;em&gt;legalmente&lt;/em&gt; viene porque la legislación española no permite usar la palabra &quot;rebajas&quot; fuera de las fechas establecidas para ello (verano y enero). Lo cual es un fastidio, porque seguramente lo mejor sería llamar al Black Friday &quot;Rebajas de Noviembre&quot; pero, como digo, al menos en España, no es legal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si queremos buscar un nombre en español que funcione en todos los países, solo con echar un vistazo a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viernes_Negro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página de desambiguación de la Wikipedia para &quot;Viernes Negro&quot;&lt;/a&gt; queda claro que tal expresión no sería desde luego la más acertada para atraer clientes a un comercio. Las connotaciones de &quot;[día] negro&quot; en español son, como dices, demasiado negativas (consultas por Lunes Negro, Martes Negro, etc. ofrecen resultados similares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como alternativas algo menos macabras, podríamos inventarnos, por ejemplo, &quot;Viernes Loco&quot;, &quot;Super Viernes&quot;... Seguramente alguien que haya estudiado &lt;em&gt;marketing&lt;/em&gt; pueda ofrecer mejores ideas :D&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pero todas ellas fallarán en una cosa, y es que pierden la publicidad gratuita que conlleva llamar al evento igual que hacen en Estados Unidos. Cosas del mundo globalizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T17:07:03.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24121" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24513" CreationDate="2018-02-09T09:12:37.700" Score="7" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take the following semantic groups in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/politics&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Politics&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/political&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;political&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/politician&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;politician&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mathematics&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mathematics&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mathematical&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mathematical&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mathematician&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mathematician&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/music&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Music&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/musical&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;musical&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/musician&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;musician&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern is clear: given the noun for a discipline, you can add the suffix &lt;strong&gt;-al&lt;/strong&gt; to form the adjective meaning &quot;related to such discipline&quot;, or you can add the suffix &lt;strong&gt;-ian&lt;/strong&gt; to form the noun meaning &quot;someone whose profession is such discipline&quot;.  Thus getting distinct words for each concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, however, it seems to be more common to use the same word for several, if not all of those different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ta2HMYR#PHkNCBS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Política&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ta2HMYR#CayGFe6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;política&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ta2HMYR#CazyVnS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;política&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ObS8ajk#SIet2iW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Matemáticas&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ObS8ajk#AahatC6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;matemáticas&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://Aahyb2i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;matemáticas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q9MHl5m#SDb4GEP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Música&lt;/a&gt;; musical*; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q9MHl5m#BBmUnIU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;música&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;* Though the DLE still defines &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q9MHl5m&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;músico, a&lt;/a&gt; as «1. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la música. &lt;em&gt;Instrumento músico. Composición música&lt;/em&gt;.»&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list goes on: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ol43qKz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;médico&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZIkyMDs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;técnica&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;: has it always been like this? Did Spanish ever had a specific suffix for the above professions, equivalent to English &lt;em&gt;-ian&lt;/em&gt;, and then it got lost? Why (or why not)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T09:25:51.707" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:26:42.127" Title="Reasons for the lack of differentiation in words related to professions" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24123" CreationDate="2018-02-09T09:23:57.060" Score="8" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me resulta muy curiosa la definición de &lt;em&gt;planeta&lt;/em&gt; en los diccionarios antiguos, y de lo que voy a mencionar a continuación seguramente se puedan sacar varias preguntas. Vamos por orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición de &lt;em&gt;planeta&lt;/em&gt; en 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PLANETAS, siete cuerpos celestiales, que en sus orbes particulares tiene cada una su propio movimiento contrario al del primer mobil, y por esta razon se llaron erraneas, a diferéncia de las demas estrellas que estan fixas en el cielo estrellado, sin mudar jamas distancias una de otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Covarrubias no entra a dar más detalles, por lo que nos quedamos sin saber cuáles eran esos &quot;siete cuerpos celestiales&quot;. La respuesta nos la da la RAE en 1737:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PLANETA. Nombre que se da à los siete cuerpos celestes, que en sus orbes particulares tiene cada uno su propio movimiento, contrario al del primer mobil: y por esta razón se llamaron errantes, à diferencia de las demás estrellas que estan fixas en el Cielo. Son sus nombres Sol, Luna, Marte, Mercurio, Jupiter, Venus y Saturno, de quien tomaron nombres los siete días de la semána.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordemos que en 1611, mientras Covarrubias presentaba su diccionario, Galileo estaba en Roma presentando sus descubrimientos que probaban la teoría heliocéntrica, y que por entonces Kepler hacía dos años ya que había establecido su primera ley, que decía que los planetas se desplazan alrededor del sol. Hacia 1737 ya había pasado el suficiente tiempo como para que los académicos aceptaran que el sol y la luna no eran planetas. Sobre todo porque en 1737 la RAE definía &lt;em&gt;satélite&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SATELITES. Quatro Estrellas pequeñas, que siempre acompañan al Planeta Júpiter, y otras cinco que andan alrededór de Saturno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deberían haber incluido la Luna, que se sabía que giraba alrededor de la Tierra, en esta categoría, y no en la de planetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero vamos más allá. Buscando en el diccionario cada uno de esos &quot;siete planetas&quot;, vemos que en sus definiciones del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SOL. El principal de los siete Planetas, Rey de los Astros, y la antorcha mas brillante de los Cielos, que nos alumbra, y vivifica.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  LUNA. El menor de los dos luminares que puso Dios en el Cielo para que presidiesse à la noche. Los Astrónomos la cuentan por el septimo de los Planetas, por ser su Orbe el inferior de todos, y mas cercano à la tierra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MARTE. El tercero de los siete Planétas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  MERCURIO. El sexto de los siete Planétas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  JUPITER. Uno de los siete Planétas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VENUS. El tercero de los Planétas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  SATURNO. El séptimo y último de los Planetas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, recopilando, tenemos que los planetas son, por orden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;??&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marte y Venus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;??&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;??&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mercurio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saturno y la Luna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Orden sin especificar: Júpiter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es lo que pasaba cuando los redactores del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; no se ponían de acuerdo entre ellos. Imagino que cada uno siguió un orden diferente y por eso las definiciones se solapan. Así que ahí van las preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué en pleno siglo XVIII el diccionario seguía considerando al sol y a la luna como &quot;planetas&quot;? ¿Cómo evolucionó esta definición y cuándo dejaron de definirse como tal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por rellenar los huecos en la lista anterior, ¿cuál era el orden correcto por el que se designaban los &quot;planetas&quot; en el siglo XVIII?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Off-topic&lt;/em&gt; y por tanto preguntado en otro sitio: &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/430320/280768&quot;&gt;¿cuál era la definición de &lt;em&gt;planeta&lt;/em&gt; en inglés en la misma época?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T13:14:34.070" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T01:39:21.100" Title="El curioso caso de los planetas en el diccionario" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24122" CreationDate="2018-02-09T15:33:21.073" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué en pleno siglo XVIII el diccionario seguía considerando al sol y a la luna como &quot;planetas&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para la Iglesia Católica el heliocentrismo quedó asociado al caso Galileo y se convirtió en un problema. Durante mucho tiempo se lo aceptó pero sólo como un artificio matemático para facilitar los cálculos astronómicos. Llegado un cierto punto no se podía sostener a nivel científico la posición geocéntrica como reflejo de la realidad, pero recién en 1758 fue levantada la prohibición eclesiástica de publicar libros que sostuviesen la teoría heliocéntrica, y sólo en 1822 Pío VII permitió que se imprimieran tales libros en Roma (aunque para ese momento ya no importaba mucho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada esta resistencia de la autoridad religiosa, no sería de extrañar que los diccionarios hayan recogido el uso tradicional por tanto tiempo. Quizá también haya ocurrido que los diccionarios, no siendo textos enciclopédicos, prefiriesen transcribir por simple inercia las definiciones antiguas. Los lexicógrafos quizá no se consideraban responsables de transmitir conocimientos científicos correctos, sino de reflejar los usos conocidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien que sabe del tema &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/ciencia/2016/06/26/576d240422601df7468b4574.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;explica&lt;/a&gt; (sobre el heliocentrismo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Iglesia Católica mostró una actitud inicialmente positiva. De&#xA;  hecho, la reforma del calendario realizada bajo el Papa Gregorio XIII,&#xA;  promulgada en 1582 en Portugal, España y los estados de la península&#xA;  Itálica, estuvo basada en las tablas Pruténicas de Erasmus Reingold.&#xA;  Esta herramienta astronómica fue publicada en 1551 y fue la primera&#xA;  basada en el heliocentrismo copernicano, a pesar de asumir que solo&#xA;  era un &quot;artificio matemático&quot; para &quot;salvar las apariencias&quot;, un&#xA;  conveniente eufemismo que se utilizaría en numerosas ocasiones, tanto&#xA;  desde la Antigüedad como en el propio prólogo de &quot;De revolutionibus&quot;.&#xA;  Al final, tras los descubrimientos realizados con el telescopio a&#xA;  partir de 1610 y la intervención de Galileo Galilei en el terreno de&#xA;  la teología, varias obras heliocéntricas serían prohibidas hace justo&#xA;  400 años, y el texto de Copérnico fue sometido a un interdicto hasta&#xA;  su &quot;corrección&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por rellenar los huecos en la lista anterior, ¿cuál era el orden correcto por el que se designaban los &quot;planetas&quot; en el siglo XVIII?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los planetas clásicos de la Antigüedad eran los siete objetos astronómicos móviles visibles a ojo desnudo: la Luna, Mercurio, Venus, el Sol, Marte, Júpiter y Saturno. Evidentemente los redactores del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; no tenían muy claro el orden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una ordenación habitual era el de la astrología griega, con raíces babilónicas, conocida como el &quot;orden caldeo&quot;: Saturno, Júpiter, Marte, el Sol, Venus, Mercurio, la Luna. De éste deriva el de las &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_hours&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;horas planetarias&lt;/a&gt;, el sistema que nos dio los nombres de los días de la semana. Ninguno de estos dos parece coincidir con el (incompleto y confuso) del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: La definición de &lt;em&gt;satélite&lt;/em&gt; también está ridículamente atrasada. Si bien ya acepta que Júpiter tiene cuatro cuerpos subplanetarios girando en su torno, para 1737 ya se habían descubierto y nombrado cinco de los satélites de Saturno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-02-10T01:52:59.387" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T01:52:59.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-09T17:26:36.260" Score="3" ViewCount="1494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando algunos &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/ActualidadRT/status/961999383234408449&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tweets&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  de la cuenta @ActualidadRT, llego a notar el título de una de ellas que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Uma Thurman &lt;strong&gt;podría&lt;/strong&gt; haber muerto por decapitación&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual no &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15289/hace-sentido-o-tiene-sentido&quot;&gt;tiene&lt;/a&gt; sentido ya que la palabra  «podría» se refiere a la primera persona del singular (yo) o a la tercera persona del singular (ella, él, ello; usted) del condicional de poder, pero tomando como base el tiempo presento o futuro, no hacia el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considero que el uso correcto para esa oración sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Uma Thurman &lt;strong&gt;pudo&lt;/strong&gt; haber muerto por decapitación&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto o de igual forma es correcto usar «podría» refiriéndome a un tiempo pasado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T20:03:10.417" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T14:33:51.923" Title="¿Es correcto decir «podría haber muerto» refiriéndose a tiempo pasado?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24124" CreationDate="2018-02-09T19:55:19.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas y para mi con significados iguales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo importante es notar que ambas frases usan el verbo poder pero más el auxiliar &lt;strong&gt;&quot;haber&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;podría&lt;/strong&gt; es del condicional o pospretérito y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pudo&lt;/strong&gt; es el pretérito simple &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o sea ambas hablan de &lt;strong&gt;eventos en el pasado&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diferente es el caso en que se use &lt;strong&gt;podría&lt;/strong&gt; sin el verbo auxiliar &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt; (y con morir en el infinitivo). Ahí si &lt;em&gt;&quot;podría&quot;&lt;/em&gt; denota una posibilidad en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella podría morir por decapitación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes ir a la RAE y buscar &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TU1KCfY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poder&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y al lado ves el botón que dice conjugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aUytJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aUytJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T20:14:25.720" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T20:14:25.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24116" CreationDate="2018-02-09T22:19:50.030" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión &lt;em&gt;bosque&lt;/em&gt; viene de la influencia de los neerlandeses que usaron la palabra &quot;Bos&quot; o &quot;Bosch&quot; para bosque.  Así entró en el castellano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T22:26:53.300" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T22:26:53.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24127" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24128" CreationDate="2018-02-10T08:11:40.637" Score="1" ViewCount="3318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy despistado como usar las preposiciones. Yo tengo estas frases en mi libro de español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vivió en Alejandría de 2007 a 2010. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desde 2011 vive en Barcelona. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudia sánscrito desde 2005.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro cuando es también correcto decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vivió en Alejandría desde 2007 hasta 2010.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De 2011 vive en Barcelona.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudia sánscrito de 2005.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi maestro de español dice que con horas puedo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La tienda está abierta de 8 a 5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La tienda está abierta desde las 8 hasta las 2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco estoy seguro si puedo decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La tienda está abierta de las 8 a las 5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La tienda está abierta desde 8 hasta 5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien explicarme si existe una regla como usar esos preposiciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14467" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T16:17:54.707" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T16:17:54.707" Title="Las preposiciones &quot;de&quot;, &quot;a&quot;, &quot;desde&quot;, &quot;hasta&quot; en fechas y tiempos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24127" CreationDate="2018-02-10T11:02:26.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La regla general es que puedes reemplazar &lt;code&gt;de ... a&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;desde ... hasta&lt;/code&gt; (incluso para lugares, no solo para fechas y tiempos). Aunque dependiendo del contexto, uno puede ser ligeramente más idiomático que el otro, en general es correcto usar ambas opciones. La oración que mencionas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vivió en Alejandría desde 2007 hasta 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, reemplazar &lt;code&gt;desde&lt;/code&gt; (sin &lt;code&gt;hasta&lt;/code&gt;) por &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt; no es correcto. Por ejemplo, estas oraciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De 2011 vive en Barcelona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estudia sánscrito de 2005.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son incorrectas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre las horas, la regla general es que siempre hay que añadir artículo, por ejemplo &lt;code&gt;la una&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;las tres&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo la oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta desde 8 hasta 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usas &lt;code&gt;de ... a&lt;/code&gt;, es un caso especial en el cual es idiomático omitir el artículo. La oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta de las 8 a las 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no es incorrecta, pero se suele preferir omitir el artículo si usas &lt;code&gt;de ... a&lt;/code&gt;, de manera similar a como el español también tiende a omitir pronombres en varias oraciones. Esto sería más idiomático:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta de 8 a 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar al caso de las fechas, si solo indicas inicio, no puedes usar &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;. Por ejemplo, estas oraciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta de las 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta de 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son incorrectas. Si solo indicas inicio, debes usar &lt;code&gt;desde&lt;/code&gt;. La oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tienda está abierta desde las 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T22:13:20.340" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24129" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-10T11:10:11.090" Score="6" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pregunta rápida desde el móvil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qu7nMUN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocurrencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;ocurrir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Encuentro, suceso casual, ocasión o coyuntura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Idea inesperada, pensamiento, dicho agudo u original que ocurre a la imaginación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces tiendo a escribir &quot;hay tantas ocurrencias de X en el CORDE&quot;, pero luego me lo pienso porque relaciono &lt;em&gt;ocurrencia&lt;/em&gt; con esa segunda acepción, como en &quot;hay que ver las ocurrencias que tiene este niño&quot;. De hecho, cuando el CORDE muestra resultados habla de &quot;casos&quot; y no de &quot;ocurrencias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunto: ¿es correcto el uso de &quot;ocurrencia&quot; en este caso? ¿Se suele usar así en textos cultos? ¿O es un falso amigo o una importación de su uso en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T11:51:43.230" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;hay X ocurrencias de Y en el CORDE&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24129" CreationDate="2018-02-10T14:24:04.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que en esta, como en tantas otras ocasiones, el DRAE se ha quedado corto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/ocurrencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este diccionario&lt;/a&gt;, encontramos dos acepciones más, derivando la (4) (de sentido más restringido, que es el que nos ocupa en este caso) de la (3) (de sentido más general):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;hecho de acontecer una cosa &lt;em&gt;No hay que esperar la ocurrencia de un evento desgraciado para prevenir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;lingüística&lt;/em&gt; aparición de un elemento lingüístico en un texto &lt;em&gt;El texto tiene tres ocurrencias de predicados nominales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lengua es mucho más amplia de lo que decreta la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T14:24:04.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24124" CreationDate="2018-02-10T14:33:51.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien (como dice DGaleano) ambas oraciones pueden transmitir el mismo significado de hipótesis pasada (no cumplida o contrafactual), existe un significado de &quot;pudo&quot; que no es expresado por &quot;podría&quot;, el de posibilidad en el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que Uma Thurman efectivamente murió (se la encontró decapitada, además de con otras lesiones) y se están barajando distintas hipótesis sobre su muerte. Un médico forense podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uma &lt;strong&gt;pudo&lt;/strong&gt; haber muerto por decapitación. (Uma murió, y es posible que haya ocurrido por decapitación.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T14:33:51.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2018-02-10T18:33:13.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra más: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RhpadY5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panocho, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. Órgano sexual &lt;strong&gt;de la mujer&lt;/strong&gt;. U. m. en &lt;em&gt;Am.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. vulg. &lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Órgano sexual &lt;strong&gt;del varón&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T18:33:13.853" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-10T18:33:13.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24105" CreationDate="2018-02-10T20:36:45.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a supplement to the existing answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as in English, adding the optional pronoun to the imperative provides emphasis, which in this case is desirable because you're comparing what each person is going to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Can the pronoun be omitted?  Yes, but.  Let's look at this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prepara el café; yo los voy sirviendo. | Make the coffee; I'll do the serving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's okay but your sentence makes the teamwork and division of labor clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Can the pronoun go before the verb?  Yes, but then you need an audible comma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú, prepara el café; yo los voy sirviendo.  | You, make the coffee; I'll do the serving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds a bit rude in either language.  If you want to do it this way, it would be more polite to use the given name instead of the pronoun, and to add a &quot;please&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Víctor, prepara el café, por favor; yo los voy sirviendo.  | Victor, make the coffee, please; I'll do the serving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the original sentence as you gave it is perfectly polite as is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-10T20:36:45.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24135" CreationDate="2018-02-10T21:35:31.530" Score="1" ViewCount="476" Body="&lt;p&gt;De la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6ndKu1I%7C6ndNVxF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rae (cálido)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una gama de colores: Que va desde el amarillo al rojo pasando por el naranja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temperatura_de_color&amp;amp;oldid=104090444&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia (Temperatura de color)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QLJti.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QLJti.png&quot; alt=&quot;Color de un cuerpo negro entre 800 y 12 200 K.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [(Las cifras están en Kelvin)]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede decir que la luz fría es cálida (y viceversa)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8466" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T00:03:44.110" Title="Luz fria es cálida y luz caliente es fría" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24134" CreationDate="2018-02-11T00:03:44.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es buena, pero tiene más que ver con ciencia que con el español, puesto que esto ocurre en todos los idiomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los adjetivos &lt;code&gt;cálida&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;fría&lt;/code&gt; hacen referencia a la percepción subjetiva que tenemos los humanos (y los bichos, ¿por qué no...?) del color.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la &lt;code&gt;temperatura de color&lt;/code&gt; (concepto científicamente riguroso) es la temperatura que se ha de aplicar a un sistema físico ideal y extremadamente importante (conocido como &quot;Cuerpo Negro&quot;) para obtener ese color.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un objeto real que existe y se parece bastante es el filamento de una bombilla, o un metal en una fragua. Cuando se calienta, se pone al rojo vivo (incandescente), de color rojizo. Si se calienta mucho más se va poniendo anaranjado e incluso llega al blanco (&quot;al blanco vivo&quot;, menos conocida expresión, pero usada). No se suelen alcanzar temperaturas suficientes para verlos azulados. Sin embargo en el espacio, las estrellas blancas y azules están más calientes que las rojas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De modo que en cierto modo tienes razón, pero son dos conceptos distintos. Una cosa es la temperatura real de un Cuerpo Negro ideal (o de lo más parecido que tenemos por casa en las bombillas viejas, que se llama Cuerpo Gris), que es una magnitud muy clara. Otra cosa distinta es qué sensación nos produzca a los humanos, eso es subjetivo, y lo llamamos &quot;cálido&quot; o &quot;frío&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Y a qué se debe esta &quot;discrepancia tan abismal&quot;? Pues la respuesta es evolutiva: a ningún ser vivo le interesa percibir el azul como más caliente que el rojo, porque ningún sistema en la Tierra alcanza una temperatura tan bestia como para que se vea azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy por el contrario, resulta que el fuego quema y es naranja, y la nieve es fría y blanca. Igualmente el agua que encontramos en la naturaleza y el hielo son transparentes pero solemos encontrarlos azulados por distintos motivos. Evolutivamente interesa asociar el rojo y el naranja (color del fuego) con caliente, y los otros como fríos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T00:03:44.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24142" CreationDate="2018-02-11T04:15:28.083" Score="0" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;El idioma de Filipinas tiene una gran cantidad de palabras de origen español. Pero, ¿es ello suficiente para aseverar que saber español facilita aprender tagalog? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T18:48:00.353" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T18:48:00.353" Title="Tagalog y español" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tagalog&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-02-11T15:58:52.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2018-02-11T06:57:42.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un variante de varias propuestas hechas en esta página:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;spoiler alert = &lt;em&gt;secreto revelado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secreto revelado&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Demostración de &lt;em&gt;secreto revelado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T06:57:42.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24138" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-02-11T07:04:41.657" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T07:04:41.657" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T07:04:41.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24139" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-02-11T07:04:41.657" Score="0" Body="Preguntas básicas o intermedias hechas por principiantes, que están tomando sus primeros pasos con el idioma." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T14:43:36.090" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T14:43:36.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18470" CreationDate="2018-02-11T12:06:47.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta frase está dividida en dos acciones, las cuales contienen sabiduría popular y encierran un significado o simbolismo para refererirse a acciones cotidianas de la vida de las personas.&#xA;En los países latinos se usan mucho los &quot;dichos&quot; y los &quot;refranes&quot;, expresiones populares de sabiduría que aplican a situaciones de la vida de las personas, en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Toma chocolate!:&lt;/strong&gt; Encierra la acción de por ejemplo ir a una cafetería, sentarte en una mesa, pedir al mesero una rica y sabrosa taza de chocolate y degustarla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Paga lo que debes!:&lt;/strong&gt; La segunda parte de la expresión, simboliza a otra persona que increpa a la que disfrutó de la taza de chocolate, y le dice en forma simbólica: &quot;Si ya disfrutaste de tu taza sabrosa de chocolate, ahora debes esa taza y debes pagarla&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El corolario a dicha expresión es:&#xA;que si pides o compras algo y lo disfruta por adelantado, una vez que hagas uso de ello, debes entonces pagar por ese servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18773" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-11T14:53:27.210" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T14:53:27.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24136" CreationDate="2018-02-11T14:06:12.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque lo siguiente es anecdótico, viene bien compartirlo. Está en un foro de &lt;a href=&quot;http://forums.tomisimo.org/showthread.php?t=13722&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aprendizaje de idiomas&lt;/a&gt; y quien escribe es un hablante nativo de tagalo, bilingüe (como es habitual) en inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since many Filipino words were derived from Spanish (owing to our&#xA;  country's colonial history), Filipino speakers already have a head&#xA;  start when it comes to vocabulary. Here are a few Filipino words that&#xA;  mean the same as their similarly-sounding Spanish counterparts: nobyo,&#xA;  mundo, tinidor, kabayo (caballo), banyo, relo, sobre, takilya, huwes&#xA;  (juez), berde. (…)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Furthermore, grammar rules that may be uncommon in English, such as&#xA;  the noun-adjective order and the verb-subject order in passive voice,&#xA;  are normal in the Filipino language. For me, this helped me &quot;accept&quot;&#xA;  these grammar rules rules quite quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera que la similitud léxica y alguna similitud gramatical ayudan, al menos, al hablante de tagalo a aprender castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro sitio donde se habla de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brighthubeducation.com/learning-spanish/27104-know-spanish-easy-to-learn-tagalog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aprendizaje de idiomas&lt;/a&gt; se afirma que saber castellano &quot;ya es saber algo de tagalo&quot; y vuelve a mencionar la similitud de la estructura de voz pasiva y, en un segundo plano, la similitud léxica, con énfasis en la coincidencia de los numerales, que el tagalo toma tal cual de los castellanos (con las alteraciones fonológicas menores del caso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de todo esto siento que se está exagerando la facilidad de adquisición del idioma. La similitud léxica es una gran ayuda, pero la gramática suele ser más difícil de adquirir, y el tagalo tiene una gramática y una morfología absolutamente diferentes de la del castellano o, por caso, de la de cualquier otra lengua occidental a las que habitualmente tenemos acceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tagalo utiliza un &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_alignment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alineamiento morfosintáctico inusual&lt;/a&gt;, propio de las lenguas austronésicas, en el cual la función del tópico de la proposición se marca en el verbo utilizando afijos (prefijos, sufijos y a veces infijos), de manera que cada verbo puede tener varias &quot;voces&quot; además de lo que nosotros llamaríamos activa y pasiva. Estas &quot;voces&quot; son sintácticamente paralelas unas con otras y tienen como efecto secundario marcar el carácter definido o indefinido de los argumentos. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema_y_rema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tópico o tema&lt;/a&gt;, además, va habitualmente al final de la proposición. Toda esta estructura es absolutamente extraña a nuestra forma de construir proposiciones en castellano (o en cualquier lengua indoeuropea, por caso). En castellano hay sólo dos voces, una claramente más compleja que la otra y mucho menos usada, y el tópico o tema es normalmente colocado al comienzo de la proposición (siendo esto —el &lt;em&gt;topic fronting&lt;/em&gt;— lo más habitual universalmente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedaría por ver si existen (yo no los encontré) estudios que comparen rigurosamente la facilidad de aprendizaje del tagalo entre hablantes y no hablantes de castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-11T14:06:12.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24149" CreationDate="2018-02-12T00:05:30.370" Score="4" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la canción &lt;em&gt;Machika&lt;/em&gt; (J. Balvin con Jeon y Anitta), la cantora brasileña tiene los siguientes versos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caliente hasta en la nevera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En la cima sin escalera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  La sensación de la &lt;strong&gt;favela&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salió a romper fronteras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el español no es su lengua materna, y no sería su primera vez &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/music/preview/Trz6jgrygaidngjc3remtljdmyu?lyrics=1&amp;amp;utm_source=google&amp;amp;utm_medium=search&amp;amp;utm_campaign=lyrics&amp;amp;pcampaignid=kp-songlyrics&amp;amp;u=0#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;introduciendo palabras portuguesas en sus músicas&lt;/a&gt;, yo supuse que esa palabra no sería parte de la lengua española. Sin embargo, conversando con una amiga peruana, ella me ha dicho que &lt;em&gt;favela&lt;/em&gt; es una expresión conocida y regularmente usada en el resto de la América del Sur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado en algunos diccionarios, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HgkfhfT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todos son claros&lt;/a&gt; en decir que es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionarios.elmundo.es/diccionarios/cgi/diccionario/lee_diccionario.html?busca=favela&amp;amp;diccionario=1&amp;amp;submit=Buscar%20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palabra prestada del portugués&lt;/a&gt;. Hasta &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la entrada en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se refiere a ella como un fenómeno exclusivamente brasileño. Cuando el mismo fenómeno es observado en países hispanoparlantes, la palabra &lt;em&gt;chabola&lt;/em&gt; es la única empleada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es: ¿hay algún país de lengua española donde la palabra &lt;em&gt;favela&lt;/em&gt; sea un término genérico y no un fenómeno predominantemente brasileño?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14394" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-12T05:27:14.093" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T16:42:54.537" Title="¿&quot;Favela&quot; es una palabra de la lengua española?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2018-02-12T03:41:01.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally people in Latinamerica just say &quot;Gracias&quot; or &quot;que Dios te lo pague, &lt;s&gt;porque yo no puedo&lt;/s&gt;&quot; (may God pay you because I don't have enough to pay for such a big favor) because you don't know how to give back the favor someone has done to you, or if someone has lent you money and you won't be able to give it back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing people can say is &quot;Dios te bendiga&quot; (God bless you) or &quot;Me fue de mucha ayuda&quot; (it helped me a lot).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18776" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-12T13:02:56.867" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T13:02:56.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-12T09:22:34.603" Score="3" ViewCount="1414" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto este fin de semana &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1485796/?ref_=nv_sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The greatest showman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en cines, en la cual dan a entender que el protagonista, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._T._Barnum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;P. T. Barnum&lt;/a&gt;, es el responsable de que hoy día la palabra &quot;circo&quot; tenga el siguiente significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Edificio o recinto cubierto por una carpa, con gradería para los espectadores, que tiene en medio una o varias pistas donde actúan malabaristas, payasos, equilibristas, animales amaestrados, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que la palabra &lt;em&gt;circo&lt;/em&gt; ha sufrido una considerable evolución a lo largo del tiempo. Desde Covarrubias, que solo hace referencia al circo romano, y el Diccionario de Autoridades, que considera que es una grada redonda en la que unos a otros no se tapan la vista, no fue hasta 1869 que se incluyó una tímida definición como &quot;lugar destinado para los ejercicios gimnásticos y ecuestres&quot;. En 1899 ya pasó a ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Edificio público, con gradería para los espectadores y en medio un espacio circular, donde se ejecutan ejercicios ecuestres y gimnásticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición cuadra bastante con lo que se ve en la película, dado que al principio el &quot;circo&quot; de Barnum estaba dentro de un edificio y se llamaba &quot;museo&quot;, cambiando de denominación a &quot;circo&quot; tras una crítica destructiva aparecida en un periódico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, y dejando de lado las definiciones del diccionario, ¿cuándo se comenzó a usar en español la palabra &quot;circo&quot; con su acepción (casi) actual de lugar destinado a ejercicios gimnásticos y ecuestres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T04:00:24.820" Title="¿Cuándo se comenzó a usar la palabra &quot;circo&quot; en español con su significado actual?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24159" CreationDate="2018-02-12T10:12:59.977" Score="7" ViewCount="4679" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente un usuario propuso eliminar de la respuesta comunitaria a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21374/eufemismos-en-la-lengua-coloquial/21378#21378&quot;&gt;Eufemismos en la lengua coloquial&lt;/a&gt; la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RhpadY5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;panocha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, argumentando que en el DLE está marcada como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vulg.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y por tanto no se puede considerar un eufemismo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE define &quot;eufemismo&quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H5kEJUG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eufemismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;euphemismus&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. εὐφημισμός &lt;em&gt;euphēmismós&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Manifestación suave o decorosa de ideas cuya recta y franca expresión sería dura o malsonante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;vulgar&quot; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5Ns9tE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulgar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;vulgāris&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;1. adj. Perteneciente o relativo al vulgo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;2. adj. Dicho de una persona: Que pertenece al vulgo. Era u. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;3. adj. Que es impropio de personas cultas o educadas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;4. adj. Común o general, por contraposición a especial o técnico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;5. adj. Que no tiene especialidad particular en su línea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;6. adj. Dicho de una lengua: Que se habla actualmente, por contraposición a las lenguas sabias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De entrada, no me queda claro a cuál de estas acepciones se refiere la RAE cuando dice que una palabra es &quot;vulgar&quot;. Podría ser la de &quot;impropio de personas cultas o educadas&quot;, pero entonces no me cuadra con la definición de &quot;vulgarismo&quot; (el otro término usado por la RAE para referirse a estas palabras):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5QpjUZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulgarismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;vulgar&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;-ismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Dicho o frase especialmente usada por el vulgo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que, en la respuesta arriba mencionada, sí que aparecen varias palabras y expresiones como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SGsYii2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pechuga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MVzRpRb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;jolín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vc1rD9q&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;me la refanfinfla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; marcadas como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coloq.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9qTM1me&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;coloquial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Propio de una conversación informal y distendida. &lt;em&gt;Expresión, tono, estilo coloquial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, tenemos que un &quot;vulgarismo&quot; es una palabra o frase usada por el pueblo, mientras que un &quot;coloquialismo&quot; es una palabra o frase usada en una conversación informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Cuál es el criterio de la RAE para marcar una palabra como &lt;em&gt;vulgarismo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;coloquialismo&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Existen palabras con ambas marcas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Es correcto interpretar que &lt;em&gt;vulgarismo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;eufemismo&lt;/em&gt; son excluyentes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-13T07:17:17.087" LastActivityDate="2019-10-10T01:03:38.453" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;coloquialismo&quot; y &quot;vulgarismo&quot;, y su relación con &quot;eufemismo&quot;" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24129" CreationDate="2018-02-12T11:51:43.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que sí es correcto. Preguntada a la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/963002673179123712&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;, responden diciendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/963014441745952768&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esos contextos, la voz «ocurrencia» signfica 'hecho de ocurrir o producirse', acepción que no se refleja en estos momentos en el diccionario académico, pero que posiblemente se incorporará en próximas actualizaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal acepción se puede encontrar en textos escritos, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La clase de accidente que predominó fue el choque, con 47 casos (41,5 por ciento), seguido del atropello con 26 ocurrencias (23 por ciento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Tiempo, 17/07/1997 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve el uso de &quot;ocurrencia&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;caso&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T11:51:43.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24144" CreationDate="2018-02-12T16:42:54.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí la verdad es que no me extrañaría que ya se estuviese usando &lt;strong&gt;favela&lt;/strong&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;strong&gt;chabola&lt;/strong&gt;, especialmente en países cercanos a Brasil.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se empieza por conocer lo que son las favelas en Brasil (introducción), se sigue por describir (por ejemplo) &quot;las chabolas de Perú, similares a las favelas de Brasil&quot; (comparación), se continúa por &quot;las chabolas, conocidas como «las favelas de Perú»&quot; (asimilación), y se acaba por decir &quot;las favelas&quot;, sin más (sustitución).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te iba a decir que en España no se usa, pero sorpresa, sorpresa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introducción: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/ocio/viajes/20180207/44563196062/seguridad-visitar-favelas-rio-de-janeiro-brasil.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Es seguro hacer turismo en las favelas de Río?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparación: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3085977&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El mayor asentamiento ilegal de España y similar, en menor medida, a las favelas de Brasil&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asimilación: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/baleares/2016/07/19/578d3879268e3e64138b4597.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las 'favelas' de Ibiza&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sustitución: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/diario/1995/03/21/madrid/795788659_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unión Fenosa quita la luz a las favelas de la Cañada Real&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://lalibertadylaley.wordpress.com/2008/04/23/favelas-canada-real-y-la-propiedad/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Favelas, Cañada Real y la propiedad&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, &lt;strong&gt;el uso de &lt;em&gt;favela&lt;/em&gt; para referirse tanto a poblados de chabolas como a las propias chabolas, está vigente desde hace varios años en España&lt;/strong&gt;. Me sorprendería que no fuese así también en otros países. Sólo falta que el DLE se actualice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T16:42:54.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1395" CreationDate="2018-02-12T21:33:42.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;From DO (Dominican Republic)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do courses in Spanish speaking countries expect some knowledge of&#xA;  English as a prerequisite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formally, no. Some technical courses (outside universities) use to accept anyone no matter their English (spoken, read, or written). Some are consequent and use translated versions of official prog. languages documentation. Others just present the student with the problem of having to read some technical source in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do they teach you what English keywords mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in DO we do not use literal translation for every keyword, we do tend to talk (pronounce) keywords in their native form (a while-loop is pronounced as an native English speaker will do, we do no use to literally translate it to &quot;el bucle mientras&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you taught to use English names for variables, classes, methods&#xA;  etc or Spanish ones (Confusing?!)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can be surprised, I started my career in a firm doing outsourcing work for a company in the USA, so we were required to write all documentation, and sources (variables, classes, methods, etc.) in English. When I leave this company get in touch with &quot;funny&quot; stuff: mixed languages in both sources and documentation files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR; Here in DO the 1995+ generation of developers do tent to accept that English is the &quot;lingua franca&quot; in software development, so they use to write everything in English. This is not always the case for programmers formed in the 80's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lastly, can you get/do you use, things like Javadocs in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible, but less usual in recent years (2000's)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this help, it will be interesting to see some stats if you are doing some kind of research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18783" LastActivityDate="2018-02-12T21:33:42.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24152" CreationDate="2018-02-12T23:49:09.677" Score="3" ViewCount="2054" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/the-neuter-relative-pronouns-lo-cual-and-lo-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpanishDict says&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; can only be used to refer to something that has already been mentioned in the same sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que&lt;/strong&gt; can be used any time lo cual is used, and it can also be used to refer to something that has not been brought up before in the same sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the practice quiz at the bottom say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo cual is best for the sentence since it refers to an antecedent&#xA;  specifically mentioned earlier in the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when i chose &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; as the answer as in the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño gritó en voz alta, &lt;strong&gt;lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; me molestó mucho.The child screamed in a loud voice, which upset me very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, Should i adapt the definition? In which case the sentence above becomes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El niño gritó en voz alta, &lt;strong&gt;lo que / lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; me molestó mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should I use &lt;strong&gt;lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; over &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; whenever something is mentioned before &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T00:52:45.183" Title="The neuter relative pronoun Lo que and Lo cual" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24151" CreationDate="2018-02-13T00:08:01.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &quot;lo que&quot; and &quot;lo cual&quot; are fine as equivalents of the sentence relative &quot;which&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that &quot;lo cual&quot; is a stronger linker and may sound slightly better than &quot;lo que&quot; in those contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other definition, of &quot;lo que&quot; being equivalent to nominal relative &quot;what&quot;, is also correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lo que&lt;/strong&gt; me molestó mucho es que el niño gritara en voz alta. (What annoyed me terribly was that the boy should shout so loudly.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence above, &quot;lo cual&quot; is ungrammatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-02-13T00:52:45.183" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T00:52:45.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24122" CreationDate="2018-02-13T01:39:21.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt;, en el siglo XIX ya se empezó a utilizar un término planetario más... &lt;em&gt;evolucionado&lt;/em&gt;. En 1817 un planeta es un &lt;em&gt;Cuerpo celeste opaco que solo brilla por la luz refleja del sol, al rededor del cual describe su órbita mas ó menos circular ó elíptica con un movimiento propio y periódico.&lt;/em&gt; Ahora, desde hace 100 años incluían la versión de los planetas de Ptolomeo o Tolomeo, los cuales se presentan en órden de &lt;em&gt;Luna, Mercurio, Venus, el Sol, Marte, Júpiter y Saturno.&lt;/em&gt; aunque el órden solo coinciden 2 de los 7...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T01:39:21.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24160" CreationDate="2018-02-13T03:31:25.067" Score="2" ViewCount="2333" Body="&lt;p&gt;These neuter relative pronouns refer to a situation, an unknown antecedent or concept, &lt;strong&gt;not a specific masculine / feminine noun or pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am comfortable in the following usage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé todo lo que haces para mejorar.I know everything that you do to&#xA;  improve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicen que soy guapa, lo que es verdad. They say I'm pretty,which is true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are some examples where the antecedent is a noun in which &lt;strong&gt;lo que/lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; is used but I fell as though &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; should have been used instead. i.e I am having trouble understanding whether the antecedent is specific or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una &lt;strong&gt;manta&lt;/strong&gt; de sobra, lo cual no necesito.I have an extra&#xA;  blanket, which I don't need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; is used when the antecedent is not specific so why is it being used here? isn't &lt;strong&gt;la manta&lt;/strong&gt; a specific antecedent? shouldn't &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; be used here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Panamá tiene acceso a dos océanos, lo que facilita su economía.Panama&#xA;  has access to two oceans, which facilitates its economy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; is used here since the something being mentioned is &lt;strong&gt;acceso a dos océanos&lt;/strong&gt; not the &lt;strong&gt;dos oéanos&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the something being mentioned was the &lt;strong&gt;dos oéanos&lt;/strong&gt; then &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; would have been used &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Panamá tiene dos océanos, que facilita su economía. Panama has to two&#xA;  oceans, which facilitates its economy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am i right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;strong&gt;nubes&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que indica lluvia. There are clouds, which indicates&#xA;  rain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;isn't &lt;strong&gt;nubes&lt;/strong&gt;, the something being mentioned a specific feminine noun so why isn't &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; being used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or is it that &lt;strong&gt;there are clouds&lt;/strong&gt; is not specific as oppose to &lt;strong&gt;these are the clouds&lt;/strong&gt; as in the following sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estas son las &lt;strong&gt;nubes&lt;/strong&gt; que parecen elefantes these are the clouds that&#xA;  look like elephants&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming &quot;These are + noun...&quot; is specific and &quot;There are + noun&quot; isn't specific, then what about &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estas son las manzanas... vs estas son las manzanas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una manzana que es roja... vs la manzana que es roja....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since la is specific and una isn't&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or what about people - i know quien/es is used for people but if &quot;there are clouds&quot; isn't specific then &quot;there are people&quot; isn't specific also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas son las personas que están tristes these are the people who are sad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay personas lo que están tristes there are people who are sad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-13T07:59:26.247" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T03:51:50.043" Title="Using &quot;lo que&quot; or &quot;que&quot; as the relative pronoun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24158" CreationDate="2018-02-13T12:40:22.490" Score="6" ViewCount="1850" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some idiomatic/natural-sounding ways of saying the English phrase &quot;He/she is a natural&quot;, which implies that someone has a natural talent for something or learned it very easily?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-13T14:56:13.817" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T15:26:38.257" Title="How to say &quot;he/she is a natural&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24155" CreationDate="2018-02-13T12:43:09.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo normal es decir que tiene un talento &lt;strong&gt;innato&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?w=innato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;innato, ta.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;innātus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;innasci&lt;/em&gt; 'nacer en', 'producirse'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Connatural y como nacido con la persona misma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;«Juan toca muy bien el piano, tiene un talento &lt;strong&gt;innato&lt;/strong&gt;.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también valdría decir simplemente que tiene un talento &lt;strong&gt;natural&lt;/strong&gt;, igual que en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T12:43:09.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24154" CreationDate="2018-02-13T13:42:22.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To check whether a neuter or a specific-gender (as well as specific-number) relative pronoun is needed in a non-restrictive clause we have to focus on the relative clause and imagine the object of its verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the pronoun is number-specific, a plural antecedent will require a plural verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentence 1), &quot;lo cual&quot; is wrong because the relative can be expanded into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No necesito &lt;strong&gt;una manta de sobra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this would work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1') Tengo una manta de sobra, &lt;strong&gt;lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; no es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The generic predicate allows for an infinitival subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No es necesario &lt;strong&gt;tener una manta de sobra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this fits in with the definition of conceptual or situational antecedent that is required for &quot;lo que&quot; or &quot;lo cual&quot; to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentence 2), the antecedent is not merely &quot;access to two oceans&quot;, but &quot;the fact that Panama has access to two oceans&quot;: this is what fosters its economy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;em&gt;Panamá tiene dos océanos, que facilita su economía&lt;/em&gt; is wrong. With a relative pronoun like &quot;que&quot; number agreement is required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2') Panamá tiene acceso a dos océanos, que le permite&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt; mirar por igual hacia Europa y hacia Asia (... which &lt;strong&gt;enable&lt;/strong&gt; it to look towards Europe and Asia alike).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can of course also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2'') Panamá tiene acceso a dos océanos, &lt;strong&gt;lo que/lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; le &lt;strong&gt;permite&lt;/strong&gt; mirar por igual hacia Europa y hacia Asia (... which &lt;strong&gt;enables&lt;/strong&gt; it to look towards Europe and Asia alike)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sentence 3), the antecedent is not just &quot;nubes&quot; but &quot;el hecho de haber nubes&quot;, o &quot;la existencia de nubes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can, however, think of a similar sentence in which &quot;nubes&quot; is made the antecedent and a plural verb is required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3') Hay nubes que &lt;strong&gt;anuncian&lt;/strong&gt; lluvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that, in the sentence above, since the referent is general we need a restrictive clause that defines it (so the comma needs to be eliminated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T13:42:22.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24155" CreationDate="2018-02-13T14:29:30.520" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides &lt;em&gt;innato&lt;/em&gt; there is also the word &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=QHeXPu2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nato&lt;/a&gt; defined like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. natus 'nacido'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un título de honor o de un cargo: Que va anejo al empleo o a la calidad de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una aptitud o de una cualidad: innata.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que tiene predisposición connatural para algo. Es un deportista nato.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As shown on the same RAE example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es un deportista nato = He is a natural for sports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nato&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;innato&lt;/em&gt; are almost synonyms but their use is a little different. See the following examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jefe nato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Líder nato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Miembro nato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Conversador nato,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talento innato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Don innato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Miedo innato a las alturas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Potencial innato.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-13T14:36:16.293" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T14:36:16.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24147" CreationDate="2018-02-13T18:51:32.823" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/413617822049517568&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuit&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE se puede ver una conversación acerca de los vulgarismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Los vulgarismos se consideran faltas ortográficas? Como por ejemplo: asín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—No es una falta de ortografía, sino de corrección en la selección de la forma apropiada en el habla culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Entonces, en teoría, ¿puedo usarla en cualquier contexto sin que sea erróneo? Texto legal, memoria de un trabajo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—No, pues se trata de un vulgarismo, esto es, de una forma impropia del habla culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acá tenemos una primera definición de vulgarismo: una forma impropia del habla culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/chispitas-de-lenguaje-respeto-a-vulgarismos-6563/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;  encontramos una nota acerca de los vulgarismos y se puede deducir su relación con los coloquialismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los vulgarismos merecen respeto. Nuestro idioma, su estado actual, es una consecuencia de ellos. No dejan de ser una incomodidad para la gente culta, pero la historia demuestra que terminan por imponerse y, entonces, se transforman en palabras de uso común, coloquiales. Algunas llegan, incluso, a formar parte del léxico culto del idioma —como ejemplificaré más adelante—.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, de esto se podría decir que: el vulgarismo es un uso (quizá no muy extendido) impropio del habla culta, que podría, por la evolución del lenguaje, transformarse en un coloquialismo e incluso en palabra culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante, en la misma nota, se menciona un caso de un eufemismo que surgió a partir de un vulgarismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un caso más o menos reciente es la voz 'caray' derivada por eufemismo de 'carajo' (pene) —según José Cuervo, lingüista colombiano—. Hoy es parte del lenguaje coloquial, sin el menor asomo de vulgarismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, retomando y a modo de conclusión yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;vulgarismo&lt;/em&gt; es un uso impropio del habla culta. No implica necesariamente que la palabra en sí haga referencia a algo soez o &quot;malsonante&quot;. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Vulgarismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; se define como: &quot;... una expresión morfológica, fonética o sintáctica empleada en lugar de la palabra correcta y que no se considera parte de la llamada lengua culta.&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://gramatica.celeberrima.com/que-es-un-vulgarismo-y-67-ejemplos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ej&lt;/a&gt;:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a la mejor (a lo mejor);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alante (delante o adelante);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delen (denle), difierencia (diferencia);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;coloquialismo&lt;/em&gt; es usado en una conversación cotidiana. No se trata de un error o un uso impropio del idioma, pero tampoco sería lo usado en una conversación formal. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ejemplode.com/60-que_significa/3085-ejemplo_de_coloquialismo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ej:&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué tal! (Saludo.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Qué onda! (Saludo.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡Metió la pata! (Cometió un error.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;eufemismo&lt;/em&gt;, como se indica en la pregunta, suaviza una idea dura o malsonante. En un ejemplo ya se veía que incluso un vulgarismo podría transformarse en un eufemismo, pero no creo que estén relacionados entre ellos, o que tengan alguna exclusión mutua. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eufemismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ej:&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poco agraciado (feo);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;neutralizar, dar de baja, eliminar  (matar);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alimentos en mal estado (podridos)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el eufemismo se menciona también en &lt;a href=&quot;http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/10915/49314/Documento_completo.pdf?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este documento&lt;/a&gt; que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... en el idioma corriente se recurre a expresiones de reemplazo para un término a fin de atenuar el impacto psicológico del mismo. El producto de este tipo de subterfugios se conoce como eufemismo o atenuación. Es una forma de suavizar o encubrir una expresión indeseable o desagradable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T15:03:08.907" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T15:03:08.907" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24154" CreationDate="2018-02-14T03:51:50.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) I don't know where you got this sentence, but it has a problem.  The simplest fix is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo una manta de sobra, la cual no necesito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(because &lt;em&gt;manta&lt;/em&gt; is feminine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question: you wrote, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;lo cual&lt;/strong&gt; is used when the antecedent is not specific,&quot; but that is not correct.  Go back and look at what you wrote in your previous question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) I will make a small correction to your sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Panamá tiene dos océanos, lo cual facilita su economía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the concept of having two oceans that is the antecedent here, and &lt;em&gt;lo cual&lt;/em&gt; is a great way to refer back to the &lt;em&gt;concept&lt;/em&gt; of the phrase before the comma.  Here's how I would think about it in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Panama has two oceans, which is a situation that favors economic development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the following is different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Panamá tiene dos océanos, que han tenido un gran efecto en su historia. | &lt;em&gt;Panamá has two oceans, which have had a large effect on its history.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the connection, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, refers back to just the noun, &quot;oceans.&quot;  (In other words, your analysis was good.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) The reason &quot;que&quot; isn't used here is that the thing that indicates rain is the whole phrase or concept (&quot;hay nubes&quot;), as opposed to just the noun (&quot;nubes&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you said about &lt;em&gt;clouds&lt;/em&gt; not being specific looks like a pretty good analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples with the &lt;em&gt;manzanas&lt;/em&gt; (plural) are impossible to respond to because you inadvertently wrote two identical phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your next example, about the red apple, looks fine, but I don't like your analysis there.  The important point here isn't whether there's a &lt;em&gt;definite&lt;/em&gt; article (&lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt;) or an &lt;em&gt;indefinite&lt;/em&gt; article (&lt;strong&gt;un/una&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's look at your last example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas son las personas que están tristes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is A-OK.  However, your alternative (&quot;Hay personas lo que están tristes&quot;) does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T03:51:50.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24162" CreationDate="2018-02-14T09:46:19.387" Score="7" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se considera “vigésimo tercera” una alternativa aceptable a “vigésima tercera”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I first started using ordinal numbers past 20, I learned that they involve a two-word construction.  For example, to say &amp;quot;twenty-third edition,&amp;quot; I would need to write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vigésima tercera edición&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but then I came across an article in &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; with the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No parece que vaya a ocurrir con la versión vigésimo tercera, ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—&lt;em&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2013/11/24/actualidad/1385324034_063421.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Menos sexismo en el nuevo Diccionario&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I thought it might just be a typo, but wanting to be sure, I decided to run it through Google's Ngram, which showed me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/0f1Q4Ab.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see from the images above, I also tried “trigésimo/trigésima” with “tercera,” and clearly, there appears to be evidence that both are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to repeat my question, is “vigésimo tercera” considered an acceptable alternative to “vigésima tercera” or does something else explain what appears to be a rather prevalent use of it?  Is there a name for a phrase/construct like this and are there other examples of it in Spanish?  (If these last couple of questions seem to be straying from the topic a bit, but you’ve got an answer, I can post them in a separate question, if necessary.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando empecé a usar números ordinales más allá de 20, aprendí que suponen una construcción de dos palabras.  Por ejemplo, para decir &amp;quot;twenty-third edition&amp;quot; necesitaría escribir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vigésima tercera edición&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero luego, me encontré con un artículo en &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; con lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No parece que vaya a ocurrir con la versión vigésimo tercera, ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—&lt;em&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2013/11/24/actualidad/1385324034_063421.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Menos sexismo en el nuevo Diccionario&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio, creí que podría ser un error tipográfico, pero, para estar segura, decidí pasarlo por el Ngram Viewer de Google, que me mostró esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véase la imágenes de arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede verse en la imagen de arriba, también probé con “trigésimo/trigésima” y “tercera” y, claramente, parece que hay evidencia de que se utilizan ambas expresiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, para repetir mi pregunta, ¿se considera “vigésimo tercera” una alternativa aceptable de “vigésima tercera”? ¿O puede haber otra explicación del uso, en apariencia bastante predominante, de aquella?  ¿Tienen un nombre las expresiones /construcciones como esta?  Y, ¿hay otros ejemplos de ella en español?  (Si este último par de preguntas se apartan un poco del tema pero alguien tiene una respuesta, puedo ponerlas en otra pregunta, si fuera necesario.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:46:48.273" Title="Is “vigésimo tercera” considered an acceptable alternative to “vigésima tercera”?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24161" CreationDate="2018-02-14T10:29:52.943" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's either &lt;em&gt;vigésima tercera&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vigesimotercera&lt;/em&gt;. That is, you either&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write the two parts separately, keeping the written accent mark and the gender agreement on both as applicable, or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write the two parts as one word, keeping the accent and the gender of the last part only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For numbers 30 and on, only the former alternative is acceptable (i.e. you cannot write &lt;em&gt;*trigesimoprimera&lt;/em&gt; but only &lt;em&gt;trigésima primera&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is according to the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ordinales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De los ordinales compuestos, los correspondientes a la primera y a la segunda decena se pueden escribir en una o en dos palabras, siendo&#xA;  hoy mayoritaria la grafía simple (&lt;em&gt;decimotercero, decimocuarto,&#xA;  vigesimoprimero, vigesimoctavo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). A partir de la tercera decena&#xA;  solo se emplean las grafías complejas (&lt;em&gt;trigésimo primero,&#xA;  cuadragésimo segundo, quincuagésimo tercero&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). Si el ordinal se&#xA;  escribe en dos palabras, el primer elemento mantiene la tilde que le&#xA;  corresponde como palabra independiente: &lt;em&gt;vigésimo segundo&lt;/em&gt;; pero si se&#xA;  escribe en una sola palabra, el ordinal no debe llevar tilde, pues no&#xA;  le corresponde llevarla según las reglas de acentuación:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;vigesimosegundo&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;vigésimosegundo&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Los ordinales compuestos escritos en una sola palabra solo presentan variación de género y&#xA;  número en el segundo componente: &lt;em&gt;vigesimoprimera, vigesimoprimeros,&#xA;  vigesimoprimeras&lt;/em&gt;; pero si se escriben en dos palabras, ambos&#xA;  componentes son variables: &lt;em&gt;vigésima primera, vigésimos primeros,&#xA;  vigésimas primeras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, as you can see, actual usage often departs from the rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T15:50:34.543" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T15:50:34.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24161" CreationDate="2018-02-14T10:55:57.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ordinales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo del DPD para los ordinales&lt;/a&gt;, los ordinales cualifican al sustantivo, es decir que son adjetivos y por tanto deben concordar en género con el sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ordinal para el número 20 (masculino, femenino) es &lt;em&gt;vigésim&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;, vigésim&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; y el ordinal para el número 3 es &lt;em&gt;tercer&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;, tercer&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Hasta aquí todo bien.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ordinales del 11º al 29º se pueden escribir de dos maneras: juntos, o separados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se escriben separados, ambos deben concordar en género con el sustantivo; y así, el ordinal para el número 23 es &lt;em&gt;vigésim&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; tercer&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en masculino, &lt;em&gt;vigésim&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tercer&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se escriben juntos, el primero de ellos se convierte en una especie de prefijo, y se libra de concordar en género: y así, según el DPD, también es válido &lt;em&gt;vigesim&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;tercer&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en masculino, &lt;em&gt;vigesim&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;tercer&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en femenino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir del número 30 y en adelante, esta regla ya no aplica, y todos los elementos se escriben separados y en concordancia: el ordinal para el número 35 debe ser forzosamente &lt;em&gt;trigésim&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; quint&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en masculino, &lt;em&gt;trigésim&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; quint&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora, respondiendo a tu petición de &lt;em&gt;&quot;explicar lo que parece ser un uso bastante predominante&quot;&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El problema es que, al hablar, es casi imposible diferenciar &quot;&lt;em&gt;vigesimotercera&lt;/em&gt;&quot; de&lt;/strong&gt; Ⓧ&lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;vigésimo tercera&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; Y puesto que decir &lt;em&gt;vigesimotercera&lt;/em&gt; es correcto, y que lo normal es escribir los ordinales separados (sólo se escriben juntos del 11º al 29º, recordemos), es habitual cometer el error de transcribir &lt;em&gt;vigesimotercera&lt;/em&gt; como dos palabras separadas, Ⓧ&lt;em&gt;vigésimo tercera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un error tan común, de hecho, que mi intuición es que en algún momento futuro se aceptará el uso de &quot;vigésimo tercera&quot; así, separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T17:35:52.793" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T17:35:52.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4237" CreationDate="2018-02-14T13:47:57.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know for this particular case. But many times, when you have a past-participle become noun, you have to think about the original noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be (I'm guessing):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una comida empanada&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Una empanada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un bocadillo emparedado&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Un emparedado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words change even from region to region:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una máquina computadora&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Una computadora&lt;/em&gt; (most countries)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un aparato computador&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;Un computador&lt;/em&gt; (Chile, Colombia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens even with trademarks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me compré una (camioneta) Nissan Frontier.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me compré un (coche) Fiat Siena.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1. There is also the gallicism &quot;ordenador&quot;, which it is not related to a m. noun, but it is that way because in French is &lt;em&gt;ordinateur&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T14:13:23.000" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T14:13:23.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24167" CreationDate="2018-02-14T15:29:37.397" Score="8" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other day I was talking to someone who is learning Spanish, and she said, amid an expression, &quot;en favor o a contra&quot;, instead of &quot;a favor o en contra&quot;. After correcting her, she asked me why the custom of using &quot;a&quot; and &quot;en&quot; in one way and not the other, and why not using the same in both. I could not reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had a hard time finding explanations for this. Google has not yield anything satisfactory. Any of you have any idea? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, &quot;en contra&quot; sound better than &quot;a contra&quot;, because we are used to it. However, expressions like &quot;a contracorriente&quot; might indicate that &quot;a contra&quot; is actually reasonable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, &quot;a favor&quot; sound better than &quot;en favor&quot;, but I see no &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt; reason why the latter is grammatically incorrect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T15:48:40.673" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T21:12:19.127" Title="Why &quot;a favor&quot; and &quot;en contra&quot; use such particular different prepositions?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24165" CreationDate="2018-02-14T16:26:17.117" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions just &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt;.  I learned that from English Language &amp;amp; Usage.  You can help your friend learn patterns, to help her remember which preposition to use in certain situations, and you can reassure her that prepositions will probably be her last frontier in her language learning odyssey.  That's about it, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T16:26:17.117" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24165" CreationDate="2018-02-14T17:20:38.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En contra&amp;quot; is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Contra%20y%20en%20contra%20de.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adverbial phrase&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En contra es una locución adverbial que significa ‘en oposición a’: [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con verbos que significan oponerse a algo o a alguien, se pueden emplear la preposición &lt;strong&gt;contra&lt;/strong&gt; o la locución adverbial &lt;strong&gt;en contra de&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; have spatial &amp;quot;usage&amp;quot; as prepositions. Not only &amp;quot;en favor&amp;quot; is valid, but we also say &amp;quot;(ir) a contracorriente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;por contra&amp;quot; (meaning &amp;quot;por el contrario&amp;quot;). I believe that &amp;quot;en contra&amp;quot; is a shortened form of &amp;quot;en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AbeIB77&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contraposición&lt;/a&gt; a&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that since these particular prepositions explain not only &amp;quot;direction&amp;quot; (Voy &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Madrid - meaning &amp;quot;hacia&amp;quot;, towards) or &amp;quot;situation&amp;quot; (está &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; tu izquierda; está &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; la mesa) but also &amp;quot;mode&amp;quot; (Tú vas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; pie, yo voy &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; barco) we use 'en' to reflect that we (figuratively rather than physically) &lt;strong&gt;stand&lt;/strong&gt; against it (the other idea, suggestion, etc.). Let's compare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entró &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; su casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entró &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; su casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both carry the same meaning, but (the subtle) connotations could be for the first one more stress in the action (&amp;quot;ir hacia dentro&amp;quot;) and for the second the situation or final outcome (llegar físicamente dentro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú vas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; pie, yo voy &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; barco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm &lt;em&gt;inside&lt;/em&gt; the boat, you move &lt;em&gt;towards&lt;/em&gt; your destination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, we can say &amp;quot;a favor&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;en favor&amp;quot;: I &amp;quot;flow&amp;quot; with your action or idea for the first one and I &amp;quot;stand&amp;quot; -meaning support. For &lt;em&gt;contra&lt;/em&gt;, the adverbial phrase &amp;quot;en contra&amp;quot; would be a figuratively position against something. But this might be a far shot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T17:20:38.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24170" CreationDate="2018-02-15T02:18:41.217" Score="7" ViewCount="938" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo hoy &lt;em&gt;Las mil y una noches&lt;/em&gt;, veía como se referían a unos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;martín-pescadores&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Al revisar en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt;, indican que el plural debe ir en el primer sustantivo, en cuyo caso serían &quot;&lt;strong&gt;martines pescador&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, aunque a continuación dan a entender que es posible usar ambos sustantivos con plural, si el segundo sustantivo es atributo del primero (que pareciera el caso adecuado en este), siendo pues &quot;&lt;strong&gt;martines pescadores&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de los 3 sería el adecuado? ¿O puede usarse cualquiera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T15:24:40.853" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T02:58:51.657" Title="¿Cuál es el plural adecuado de 'martín pescador'?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24169" CreationDate="2018-02-15T05:37:04.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que hoy día se supone que la base es el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;martín&lt;/em&gt; (tal como está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OVHbGKD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recogida en el DLE&lt;/a&gt;), por lo que &lt;em&gt;martines pescadores&lt;/em&gt; debe ser la forma plural siguiendo las reglas normales de hacer plural un sustantivo seguido por adjetivo (&lt;em&gt;pescador&lt;/em&gt; es, antes que nada, adjetivo, significando &lt;em&gt;que pesca&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tomamos &lt;em&gt;pescador&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo, frente a dos sustantivos, es posible conservar la forma singular de &lt;em&gt;pescador&lt;/em&gt;, pero como &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nota el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si el segundo sustantivo puede funcionar, con el mismo valor, como atributo del primero en oraciones copulativas, tiende a tomar también la marca de plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como «los martines que son pescadores» tendría sentido, la tendencia sería marcar &lt;em&gt;pescador&lt;/em&gt; en plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante lo anterior, abundan los ejemplos en que &lt;em&gt;martín&lt;/em&gt; queda en el singular y &lt;em&gt;pescador&lt;/em&gt; se modifica plural, muchos de ellos ligados con guion.  Este guion parece ser la clave.  Cuando se entiende una combinación de sustantivo y adjetivo como una sola entidad, lo normal es solo marcar el último elemento en plural: &lt;em&gt;aguafuertes&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;aguasfuertes&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;arcoíris&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;arcosiris&lt;/em&gt;, aunque sí es válido &lt;em&gt;arcos iris&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;arco iris&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;altavoces&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;altasvoces&lt;/em&gt;).  Aunque lo más común sería escribir como una palabra, como es normal que las combinaciones de dos adjetivos sigan la misma regla de formación pero usando guion, tampoco sería tan raro encontrar un sustantivo ligado con guion a un adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la notada presencia histórica de un guion, imagino que para &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=3pfsWLZeRrIC&amp;amp;pg=PA67&amp;amp;lpg=PA67&amp;amp;dq=%22mart%C3%ADn%20pescadores%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=5FQ_tr_GV5&amp;amp;sig=xsSebDnfpV5wECk6k8RrBzWuPkA&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjRtu2XkqfZAhUlTd8KHT0pBj8Q6AEIWzAJ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22mart%C3%ADn%20pescadores%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunos en el pasado&lt;/a&gt; (e incluso, buscando en Google, hoy en día) la combinación de &lt;em&gt;martín-pescador&lt;/em&gt; se consideraba palabra compuesta y por lo tanto no se pluralizaba el primer elemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, se podría defender cualquier de las tres opciones, aunque yo optaría por pluralizar ambas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T02:58:51.657" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T02:58:51.657" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24216" CreationDate="2018-02-15T09:28:43.910" Score="4" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have a winner! &lt;strong&gt;Ender Look&lt;/strong&gt;, with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/24171/translation-golf-xxxii-the-power-of-words/24216#24216&quot;&gt;an 85-letter answer&lt;/a&gt;, found the true name of Victory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is a quote from Patrick Rothfuss's &lt;a href=&quot;http://kingkiller.wikia.com/wiki/The_Name_of_the_Wind&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Name of the Wind&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Words are pale shadows of forgotten names. As names have power, words have power. Words can light fires in the minds of men. Words can wring tears from the hardest hearts. There are seven words that will make a person love you. There are ten words that will break a strong man's will. But a word is nothing but a painting of a fire. A name is the fire itself.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(280 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a (non-golfed) example translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Las palabras son pálidas sombras de nombres olvidados. Igual que los nombres tienen poder, las palabras tienen poder. Las palabras pueden encender fuegos en las mentes de los hombres. Las palabras pueden arrancar lágrimas de los más endurecidos corazones. Existen siete palabras que lograrán que una persona te quiera. Existen diez palabras que romperán la determinación de un hombre fuerte. Pero una palabra no es nada más que el dibujo de una hoguera. Un nombre es el fuego mismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(395 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T12:27:16.440" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T12:27:16.440" Title="Translation Golf XXXII - The power of words" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-15T10:36:53.413" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24173" CreationDate="2018-02-15T09:34:03.427" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning about the subjunctive and am doing some exercises. I have a quick question on the line below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dudo que venga - I doubt that he'll come&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt; is the 1st &amp;amp; 3rd person singular. So if I wanted to say &lt;em&gt;I doubt that I will come&lt;/em&gt; how would I say that? As I see it, it would be the same? Also, if it was a she not a he, how could I tell the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T09:56:33.617" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T09:56:33.617" Title="How to distinguish between the 1st &amp; 3rd person singular conjugation in the subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24172" CreationDate="2018-02-15T09:55:12.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would say it exactly the same, yes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Context should make clear if I'm talking about &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;em&gt;&quot;Tengo cita con el dentista mañana, dudo que venga a tu casa&quot;&lt;/em&gt; it is clear that &lt;em&gt;venga&lt;/em&gt; refers to me, since I already said that &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; have a dentist appointment and so &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; might not come.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ana está de bajón, dudo que venga mañana a la fiesta&quot;&lt;/em&gt; context is enough to know that &lt;em&gt;Ana&lt;/em&gt; is the one who might not come to the party tomorrow, because she's feeling down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If context is not enough, you can make the subject explicit as always, with &lt;em&gt;dudo que yo venga&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dudo que ella venga&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ana está cabreada conmigo, dudo que venga&quot;&lt;/em&gt; it is not clear if I doubt that &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; will come (because Ana is upset with me, and she'll be there, and I don't want to see her) or if I doubt that &lt;em&gt;Ana&lt;/em&gt; will come (because she's upset with me and I'll be coming, so she might not). So you could say &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ana está cabreada conmigo, dudo que yo venga&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ana está cabreada conmigo, dudo que ella venga&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to clear it up if necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T09:55:12.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24171" CreationDate="2018-02-15T10:47:56.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;217 209 194&lt;/s&gt; 136 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poderosas voces, eco de nombres olvidados que prenden mentes y&#xA;  ablandan a los duros, 7 te darán amor, 10 quebrarán al fuerte; una es&#xA;  solo la idea del fuego que un nombre es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;voz.&lt;/strong&gt; 5. f. Palabra o vocablo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T12:07:48.343" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T12:07:48.343" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-15T10:47:56.343" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24171" CreationDate="2018-02-15T12:56:29.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;206 204&lt;/s&gt; 197&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palabras, pistas, alias omitidos. Como alias tienen poder, igual palabras. Pueden asar fuegos en ideas del hombre. Sacar lloros de duros corazones. 7 de ellas harán a algún querer. 10 romperán un varón fuerte. 1, boceto de brasas. El nombre es fuego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastEditorUserId="110" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T13:51:23.223" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T13:51:23.223" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-15T12:56:29.620" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-15T17:52:22.750" Score="2" ViewCount="867" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which term is correct for &quot;dealer&quot; in Spanish in a card game?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Repartidor(a)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dador(a)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [something else?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these terms interchangeable? IS one preferred over others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18802" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T21:15:49.900" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T21:15:49.900" Title="How to say “dealer” in Spanish when playing cards?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24177" CreationDate="2018-02-15T18:04:54.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español admite la voz francesa &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BO5xwEY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;crupier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del fr. croupier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona contratada en los casinos para dirigir el juego, repartir las cartas, controlar las apuestas, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(y en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crupier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El crupier o croupier es también llamado tallador o &lt;strong&gt;repartidor&lt;/strong&gt; de casino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;crupier&lt;/em&gt; es un profesional, pero te entenderían perfectamente si usases el término para alguien que realiza la labor de una forma no profesional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, se puede usar perfectamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W0epfGg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repartidor&lt;/a&gt; para referirse a la persona que durante toda o parte de la partida realiza la acción repartir, aunque suena raro. Lo más normal (lo que puedes ver en las instrucciones de un juego) es decir &lt;code&gt;el jugador encargado de repartir&lt;/code&gt;, más que &amp;quot;el repartidor&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos en el español de España nadie usa &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BpGLhBy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dador&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; con ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T19:38:43.623" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24171" CreationDate="2018-02-15T19:14:11.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;142 108&lt;/strike&gt; 92 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palabras: trazas, flébiles luceros, pinturas del fuego que eran (y son) los nombres. Hay 7 para chalar, 10 para romper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aY0DN51&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Traza&lt;/a&gt;: huella, vestigio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8U9v4MV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chalar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;enamorar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se fusiona la primera frase con la última. Así, se indica que los nombres eran fuego, pero ya no lo son porque su poder se ha olvidado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya puestos, se fusiona la segunda frase con la primera, con lo de &quot;flébiles luceros&quot;. Según la definición del DLE: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I4AiNkr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flébil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;digno de ser llorado&quot; y también &quot;lamentable, triste, lacrimoso&quot;. Y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NeJUIRh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lucero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción que es &quot;postigo de las ventanas por donde entra la luz&quot;. En dos palabras digo que iluminan y hacen llorar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T06:48:27.583" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T06:48:27.583" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-15T19:14:11.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24241" CreationDate="2018-02-15T21:26:24.453" Score="2" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Wikipedia se recoge en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estraperlo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estraperlo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que:     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;estraperlo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;straperlo&lt;/strong&gt; es usado en España para referirse al comercio ilegal de bienes sometidos a algún tipo de impuesto o tasa por el Estado. Por extensión, es una actividad irregular o intriga de algún tipo, y se usa como sinónimo de mercado negro.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el significado original, recogido en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GxH7EX5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Straperlo&lt;/em&gt;, nombre de una especie de ruleta fraudulenta que se intentó implantar en España en 1935, y este acrón. de D. &lt;em&gt;Strauss&lt;/em&gt; y J. &lt;em&gt;Perlowitz&lt;/em&gt;, sus creadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo pasó el nombre de una ruleta fraudulenta a significar mercado negro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T22:03:38.030" Title="¿Cómo pasó &quot;estraperlo&quot; de designar una ruleta fraudulenta a su significado actual de &quot;mercado negro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24171" CreationDate="2018-02-15T21:48:06.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;183 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras son sombras de nombres olvidados y como estos tienen poder. Arden en las mentes de los hombres. Entristecen al más duro corazón. Hay 7 que dan el amor; 10 que someterían a cualquiera. Son la foto de la luz de un nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T21:48:06.460" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-15T21:48:06.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23735" CreationDate="2018-02-16T07:35:20.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I scoured the web for sites and forums that might put me in touch with real live surgeons in an attempt to answer this question.  I don't know that I succeeded too well in that, but then again, I don't know how many surgeons would spend their valuable time in a forum open to the general public, so when those efforts dried up rather quickly, I did not attempt to pursue fresher vines of knowledge.  Instead, I'll leave you with some comments I was able to collect over on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quora&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (which is my first go-to site when I have a question that isn't fitting in neatly with the categories here at StackExchange).  For those of you who haven't heard, Quora has both an English version and a Spanish one.  I posted my question on both and these are some of the answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English Quora:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple mentions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Time Out&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Knife&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other mentions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;It's showtime.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Let's do this!&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish Quora&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, let's just say that I have nothing yet to add here.  The one response just isn't specific enough to add here and the other, well, the other is a question with a twist of humor.  If you'd like to see the English answers in full context, visit this link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/Is-there-a-special-word-or-phrase-surgeons-say-officially-or-habitually-before-operating-on-a-patient&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a special word or phrase surgeons say (officially or habitually) before operating on a patient?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the Spanish, visit this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.quora.com/Hay-una-palabra-o-frase-espec%C3%ADfica-que-dicen-oficialmente-o-habitualmente-los-cirujanos-en-pa%C3%ADses-donde-se-habla-espa%C3%B1ol-antes-de-operar-a-un-paciente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay una palabra o frase específica que dicen (oficialmente o habitualmente) los cirujanos en países donde se habla español antes de operar a un paciente?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I feel as if my attempt to research this falls just a little bit short and isn't quite as informative as it could be, I wanted to also leave you with something else I came across in the process.  It is a chart from the World Health Organization.  More specifically, it is a surgery checklist written in several different languages to include English and Spanish.  I don't know how useful these images are to you, but I include them with the hope that you find them interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/NMFIqgp.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/VMA0UED.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what I may have been thinking about when I first saw the phrase “¡Al ataque!” were the types of scenes you see in the following clips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/b5b63a34-a71f-4d7d-97b4-6a699df8392f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/b5b63a34-a71f-4d7d-97b4-6a699df8392f&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/074d6c1d-a0a0-4e01-86a6-a79fb168f9cc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/074d6c1d-a0a0-4e01-86a6-a79fb168f9cc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/f76e6fc3-f41c-4f45-9cdd-f2dada38ec33&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/f76e6fc3-f41c-4f45-9cdd-f2dada38ec33&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The clip below made me wonder if it might have influenced the author to some degree:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/9ce7d414-6a1d-4cef-9384-219a458dc4e9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/9ce7d414-6a1d-4cef-9384-219a458dc4e9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though it is a bit of a stretch to think that the author might have been influenced by the scene above, &lt;em&gt;The Lorax&lt;/em&gt; did do very well at the box office and it &lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt; dubbed into Spanish.  But I don't know when the book was published, so I can’t say which came first — the book I’ve referred to in this post or &lt;em&gt;El Lórax&lt;/em&gt;.  More likely, however, and as Diego has mentioned, “¡Al ataque!” is just a good way to generate enthusiasm for an operation, especially a tickling operation.  Though Diego’s other suggestions for what a surgeon might say work just as well in my opinion, I don’t think any of them quite generate a sentiment of “comenzar con brio” quite like “¡Al ataque!” does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for confusing the use of a defibrillator with a surgical operation, I suppose that’s a reasonable thing for a person without a medical background to do.  And perhaps it may be why “¡Al ataque!” didn’t seem entirely out of place to me initially.  After all, when you take two paddles and deliver an electric shock with them to a person’s chest, I guess you could call that an attack ... an attack to the heart!  Seriously though, protocol in such situations doesn’t advise shouting out “Attack!”  Instead, you want to clear the area for all the appropriate reasons, but mainly because you want everyone but the victim to stand clear of the electricity and because touching the victim is potentially fatal.  According to one source, you are to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm Clear, you're clear, we're all clear&amp;quot; while ensuring that the operator is not touching the victim or standing in a wet environment next to the victim that could conduct electricity through the rescuer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— From &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/First_Aid/Automated_External_Defibrillation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;First Aid/Automated External Defibrillation (AED)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though this Wikibook has been translated into Spanish, it isn’t a word for word translation, and no mention is made of what should be said to other first responders or bystanders, but I would imagine it is some form of “¡Claro!” and not “Al ataque!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an educational sidenote, if you should ever need a defibrillator, and you’re in a Spanish-speaking country, you want to look for a &lt;strong&gt;DESA&lt;/strong&gt; which is the Spanish equivalent of an AED and stands for &lt;strong&gt;desfibrilador externo semiautomático.&lt;/strong&gt;  If signs for it don’t have that acronym on them, they might look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/Ocxaz6K.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to get some training before you ever have to use one, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T19:06:19.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24186" CreationDate="2018-02-16T11:13:46.077" Score="4" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do the words &lt;em&gt;lo, la, los, las&lt;/em&gt; (objective pronouns) and &lt;em&gt;este, esta, estos, estas, ese, esa, esos, esas&lt;/em&gt; (demonstratives) only have to agree with gender when the word is &lt;strong&gt;actually used&lt;/strong&gt;? What if the pronouns/demonstratives only refer to objects whose words are never spoken? I'll give some examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/direct-and-indirect-object-pronouns-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, I saw the following example sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No quiero decírtela.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;I do not want to tell it to you&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence, we don't know to what word 'la' refers since it is never mentioned, so it would make sense (to me) that 'lo' is used instead (since, for example, 'el' is used instead of 'la' when gender is ambiguous or mixed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when using demonstratives to point to objects, do you have to make sure the demonstrative agrees with that object, even if you never mention the object by name? If you do have to make the demonstrative agree with the gender, what about ambiguous cases when there are multiple words that refer to the object but have a different gender?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I point at an apple and say &quot;Look at that&quot; in Spanish, but never say the word &quot;manzana&quot; (or any other words that could refer to the apple, such as &quot;objetivo,&quot; which is masculine), what demonstrative do I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of the reason this is a problem with me, is that making gender agree requires mental effort, especially since I associate gender with &lt;em&gt;words&lt;/em&gt;, not actual &lt;em&gt;objects&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18811" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T11:45:09.917" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T11:45:09.917" Title="Gender of objective pronouns and demonstratives with no explicit object" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;pronombres-demostrativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24190" CreationDate="2018-02-16T11:15:43.670" Score="3" ViewCount="453" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stack Exchange permite a sus usuarios decidir tanto sobre el &lt;strong&gt;cierre&lt;/strong&gt; como sobre el &lt;strong&gt;borrado&lt;/strong&gt; de preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la oración anterior, &lt;em&gt;cierre&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;borrado&lt;/em&gt; son sustantivos que se refieren a la acción de &lt;em&gt;cerrar algo&lt;/em&gt; y de &lt;em&gt;borrar algo&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &lt;em&gt;borrado&lt;/em&gt; entiendo que es un uso habitual del participio: acción de &lt;em&gt;borrar&lt;/em&gt; → el &lt;em&gt;borrado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Pero siguiendo la misma norma, si el participio de &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;cerrado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;¿por qué decimos &lt;em&gt;el cierre&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;el cerrado&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Serían correctas las siguientes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stack Exchange permite a sus usuarios decidir tanto sobre el &lt;strong&gt;cerrado&lt;/strong&gt; como sobre el &lt;strong&gt;borrado&lt;/strong&gt; de preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stack Exchange permite a sus usuarios decidir tanto sobre el &lt;strong&gt;cierre&lt;/strong&gt; como sobre el &lt;strong&gt;borre&lt;/strong&gt; de preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T15:22:46.933" Title="¿Por qué &quot;el cierre&quot; en vez de &quot;el cerrado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24184" CreationDate="2018-02-16T11:37:13.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do pronouns &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; have to agree with their object's gender when the word is &lt;strong&gt;actually&lt;/strong&gt; used?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well... yes and no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first example you gave, it'd be perfectly fine for you to say to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—No quiero decírtelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can say that because I don't (yet) know what is it you don't want to tell me. You can say &lt;em&gt;&quot;No quiero decírte&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; only as long as &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; verdad&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is not mentioned anywhere in the previous sentences. But once it is made clear that we are talking about &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; verdad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which has feminine gender, it wouldn't make sense to switch to neutral gender again in the next sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Dime &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; verdad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No quiero Ⓧdecírte&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change the gender it looks like you're talking about a different thing. So it needs to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Dime &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; verdad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No quiero decírte&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in your second example you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Mira eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it'd be fine because I don't know what &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; is, yet. But once it is clear that it refers to &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; manzana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, then you need to drop the neutral:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Mira &lt;strong&gt;eso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿&lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; manzana?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, míra&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; bien. Es &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; únic&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; amarill&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; de todo el árbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else it would be really difficult to establish the so much needed context references which Spanish conversation usually relies on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T11:37:13.877" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24185" CreationDate="2018-02-16T11:42:20.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;cierre&quot; se puede utilizar para expresar una acción de cerrar algo, y también como un sustantivo masculino, en cuyo caso &quot;cierre&quot; es un mecanismo que sirve para cerrar algo o el efecto de cerrar alguna cosa. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;El cierre de la puerta esta roto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo &quot;cerrado&quot; es algo que no tiene abertura o ha sido tapado. Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;La caja esta cerrada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Más información:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/cierre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cerrado&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/cerrado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cierre&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13695" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:36:11.110" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:36:11.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24204" CreationDate="2018-02-16T12:08:12.233" Score="2" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to translate the term &quot;capacity expansion models&quot; (economics) to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation seems to be &quot;modelos de expansión de capacidad&quot; but it does not make sense in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm reading an article about mathematical models formulations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first model assumes a perfect, competitive equilibrium. It is very similar to the traditional &quot;capacity expansion models&quot; even if its economic interpretation is different. The second model (open-loop Cournot game) extends the Cournot model to include investments in new generation &quot;capacities&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is from the article &lt;em&gt;Generation capacity expansion in imperfectly competitive restructured electricity markets.&lt;/em&gt; (Murphy et al. 2005).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18812" OwnerDisplayName="GuadalupeAnimation" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T13:13:21.343" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T04:18:53.327" Title="How to translate the term &quot;capacity expansion models&quot; (economics) to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24188" CreationDate="2018-02-16T13:13:26.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;AFAICT after reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_econ%C3%B3mico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia's article in economic models&lt;/a&gt;, there isn't an established term for that. Which was to be expected, given that even the author is using quotes to denote that &quot;capacity expansion models&quot; is an &lt;em&gt;ad hoc&lt;/em&gt; name that they just gave to a class of similar models.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that there are other models with names such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modelo_de_telara%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Modelo de telaraña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_de_crecimiento_de_Solow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modelo de crecimiento de Solow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competencia_perfecta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Modelo de competencia perfecta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, etc. I don't see why &lt;em&gt;modelos de expansión de la capacidad&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't make sense.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;modelos basados en la expansión de la capacidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; seems better to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T13:13:26.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24185" CreationDate="2018-02-16T14:42:45.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La norma es que, cuando se requiere un sustantivo, se debe utilizar el sustantivo o, a lo sumo, el infinitivo. En el caso de &quot;cerrar&quot;, el sustantivo es &quot;cierre&quot; y por lo tanto es el término que debe utilizarse cuando se requiere una palabra de esa categoría gramatical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de la acción o resultado de &quot;borrar&quot;, el sustantivo es &quot;borrado&quot;, de la misma forma que la acción de &quot;correr&quot; puede ser una &quot;corrida&quot; (ej. corrida bancaria), la acción de sentarse (a modo de protesta) puede ser una &quot;sentada&quot;,  la acción de testar (tachar) se llama &quot;testado&quot;, el acto de mirar, &quot;mirada&quot;, la acción de lavar, &quot;lavado&quot;, la acción de secar, &quot;secado&quot;, la acción de llamar puede ser, según el caso, &quot;llamado&quot; o &quot;llamada&quot;, etc. (nótese que varios son femeninos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen casos en que existe un sustantivo propiamente dicho y otro derivado de participio para designar diferentes significados: &quot;siembra&quot; (la acción de sembrar) y &quot;sembrado&quot; (una plantación); &quot;tintura&quot; (la sustancia utilizada para teñir) y &quot;teñido&quot; (la acción de teñir).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando no existe un sustantivo &quot;propiamente dicho&quot;, la lengua ofrece el mecanismo del participio (muchas veces en la forma femenina) a fin de suplir la falta del sustantivo, inclusive para generar un significado diferenciado, por ejemplo &quot;pintada&quot; vs. &quot;pintura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T12:00:08.637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T12:00:08.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-16T17:31:25.407" Score="5" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se descompuso el auto&quot; translates as The car broke down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; descompuso el auto&quot; translates as My car broke down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain the use of 'me' in the second sentence?&#xA;Is this a common way of expressing possession?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18815" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T17:53:32.460" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T13:13:45.930" Title="Why is &quot; me&quot; used in &quot;Se me descompuso el auto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17976" CreationDate="2018-02-16T19:57:42.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo falta aclarar que el &quot;re&quot; corresponde a un aumentativo. Es decir si una chica es &lt;strong&gt;re&lt;/strong&gt;-linda, quiere decir que es &lt;strong&gt;muy&lt;/strong&gt; linda.&#xA;Toda la genealogía de la expresión sería, siempre en tono irónico :&#xA;&quot;Juego re-bien, como Maradona&quot; =&gt;&#xA;&quot;Juego como Maradona, ah re-bien juego&quot; =&gt;&#xA;&quot;Juego como Maradona, ah re-bien juega el chavon&quot; =&gt;&#xA;&quot;Juego como Maradona, ah re.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18819" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T19:57:42.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33110" CreationDate="2018-02-17T01:44:42.953" Score="3" ViewCount="2357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando escribo &quot;blaster&quot; en el traductor online, me da como traducción: &quot;persona o cosa que explota&quot;. La palabra la escuché en una película de ciencia ficción nueva, pero no parecía hablar de armas, parecía hablar de alguien que ponía bombas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra en español equivalente con el mismo significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T17:10:35.993" LastActivityDate="2020-02-26T15:30:03.873" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra en español para la palabra en inglés &quot;blaster&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24191" CreationDate="2018-02-17T06:42:33.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; indicates &lt;strong&gt;whose&lt;/strong&gt; car broke down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; descompuso el carro. My car broke down&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; descompuso el carro. Your car broke down&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; descompuso el carro. His/her car..&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt;... .Their car..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se descompuso el carro = The car broke down (whose car is not specified)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2464" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T13:13:45.930" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T13:13:45.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24191" CreationDate="2018-02-17T10:41:20.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with both pablodf76 and AlfonsoPC that we are faced with a &lt;strong&gt;dative of interest&lt;/strong&gt; that indicates &lt;strong&gt;possession&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Dativos%20superfluos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; we can read, under &lt;em&gt;Dativo posesivo o simpatético&lt;/em&gt;, the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El dativo posesivo es, en rigor, un subtipo del dativo de interés, puesto que el poseedor es afectado por el proceso. Es uno de los diferentes valores semánticos que pueden asignarse al complemento llamado específicamente dativo, o al objeto indirecto, en el sentido más amplio de este término. En los ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; cerraron los ojos. (&lt;em&gt;They closed &lt;strong&gt;his/her&lt;/strong&gt; eyes&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; duele la cabeza. (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My&lt;/strong&gt; head hurts&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; sale sangre por la nariz. (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;His&lt;/strong&gt; nose is bleeding&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el pronombre personal en dativo equivale a un posesivo: &lt;strong&gt;sus&lt;/strong&gt; ojos, &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; cabeza, &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt; nariz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[The bolds and translations are mine.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although we can say in correct Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi&lt;/strong&gt; auto se descompuso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we tend to reserve this construction for animate subjects (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi&lt;/strong&gt; amiga se descompuso&lt;/em&gt;) and use the dative of interest to couple the possession with the benefit/harm meaning (the owner of the car being affected by its breakdown in the case of &lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; descompuso el auto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T10:41:20.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24210" CreationDate="2018-02-17T13:14:41.300" Score="5" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE figura &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RuLLPt4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pardillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;pardo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. despect. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Rústica o ignorante&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. despect. Dicho de una persona: &lt;strong&gt;Incauta, que se deja estafar fácilmente&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ninguna de las acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RuQF03b&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pardo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece tener ninguna relación:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;pardus&lt;/em&gt; 'leopardo', por alus. a su color, y este del gr. πάρδος &lt;em&gt;párdos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Dicho de un color: Semejante al de la tierra o al de la piel del oso, y que tira a marrón o a rojizo. U. t. c. s. m.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. De color pardo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. Dicho especialmente de las nubes o del día nublado: oscuro (‖ sin luz o claridad).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. adj. Dicho de la voz: Que no tiene timbre claro y que es poco vibrante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. adj. &lt;em&gt;Ant., Arg., Ec., Hond., Méx., Perú, Ur. y Ven.&lt;/em&gt; p. us. mulato (‖ nacido de negro y blanca, o de blanco y negra). U. m. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. m. leopardo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo adquirió &lt;strong&gt;pardillo&lt;/strong&gt;, diminutivo de &lt;strong&gt;pardo&lt;/strong&gt;, esas acepciones tan diferentes a las de la palabra original?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-17T13:59:57.393" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T19:50:13.720" Title="¿Por qué &quot;pardillo&quot; es &quot;rústico, ignorante, incauto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24201" CreationDate="2018-02-17T14:10:25.953" Score="3" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3105/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Hay diferentes palabras para el hermano de una esposa, y el esposo de una hermana?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; parece que se preguntó esto mismo, pero al final se preguntó a qué se refería exactamente la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bh3HRKG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuñado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Viendo las dos primeras acepciones me resulta curioso que dos parentescos en principio diferenciados usen la misma palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. y f. Hermano del cónyuge de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. y f. Cónyuge del hermano de una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que retomo la pregunta original y amplío: ¿Existen o han existido palabras que diferencien estas dos acepciones de &quot;cuñado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T14:56:51.603" Title="¿Hay o hubo palabras para diferenciar las dos primeras acepciones de &quot;cuñado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24203" CreationDate="2018-02-17T14:16:35.490" Score="7" ViewCount="2893" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ynp9B0L&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suripanta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. despect. Mujer ruin, moralmente despreciable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. desus. Mujer que actuaba de corista o de comparsa en el teatro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado he visto en el NTTLE que la primera vez que aparece es en el diccionario de 1925, con las mismas acepciones, pero en orden inverso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mujer corista en un teatro. || 2. despect. Mujer baja, moralmente despreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE apenas hay una decena de casos, de los que el más antiguo es de 1868 (Enrique Gaspar: La chismosa: comedia en tres actos y en verso: &amp;quot;... O en el teatro del Circo; porque él va allí a hacer el oso a una &lt;strong&gt;suripanta&lt;/strong&gt;; ¡y digo! que la hace cada presente... &amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T19:20:38.743" Title="Origen de la palabra &quot;suripanta&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24199" CreationDate="2018-02-17T14:48:39.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo, y en caso de que haya existido, sería hace mucho, porque ya en el diccionario de Covarrubias se recogen las dos acepciones en el artículo &lt;strong&gt;cuñado&lt;/strong&gt;:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es el hermano del marido, respeto de la muger; y el hermano de la muger, respeto del marido..... Cuñado, el marido de la hermana, y cuñada la muger del hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en el diccionario de Corominas se recoge que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuñado era antiguamente 'pariente político' en general ...  que en la baja época significa 'pariente de cualquier clase' y luego especializó progresivamente su significado. A finales del S. XIII  la &lt;em&gt;Primera Crónica General&lt;/em&gt; emplea todavía &lt;em&gt;cuñado&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de 'pariente por afinidad', pero ya la Crónica de 1344 tiende a evitar el vocablo, seguramente por la tendencia a especializarlo en el sentido moderno...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-17T14:56:51.603" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T14:56:51.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24188" CreationDate="2018-02-17T16:08:49.827" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The actual order of the words in Spanish when translating that would be &#xA;: &#xA;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Modelos de capacidad de expansión&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not an expert on the topic you are referring to but... I hope that by having the right order it helps you find the alternative and technical terminology of the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:) good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10968" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T16:08:49.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24200" CreationDate="2018-02-17T16:13:12.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;suripanta&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Etimología&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acuñada como parte de un coro sin sentido por el escritor español Eugenio Blasco para la opereta &lt;em&gt;El joven Telémaco&lt;/em&gt;, estrenada en 1866 en Madrid &lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Hernández Vista, Eugenio (1972) &quot;Un fenómeno concreto de semantización en español&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Revista Española de Lingüística,&lt;/em&gt; 2(1):35–44&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/suripanta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/suripanta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-02-17T16:13:12.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24188" CreationDate="2018-02-18T02:36:41.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems to be related to &quot;capacity investment,&quot; or &lt;em&gt;inversión en capacidad&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Capacity&lt;/em&gt; refers to how much electricity a plant is capable of producing.  Apparently, earlier, &lt;em&gt;capacity&lt;/em&gt; was assumed to be fairly fixed when setting up and solving the linear programming problem (a type of optimization).  What happens if capacity is allowed to vary significantly?  In other words, if we make it a fundamental variable?  It looks like “capacity expansion models” allow for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus your phrase could be expressed as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;modelos con expansión en capacidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;modelos con capacidad expansible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an article in Spanish which talks about &lt;em&gt;inversión en capacidad&lt;/em&gt; in a hydroelectric context: &lt;a href=&quot;http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5928&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5928&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I glanced at the abstract and it looked helpful.  I'd suggest looking at the full text.  Maybe there will be a helpful reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, since &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/pdf/10.1287/opre.1050.0211&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Murphy and Smeers&lt;/a&gt;, and the authors they cite, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.3.2.149&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Massé and Gibrat&lt;/a&gt;, appear to have been thinking about these concepts in French, it could be helpful to check how authors writing in French have expressed this and related concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T02:36:41.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3780" CreationDate="2018-02-18T02:43:44.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The existing answers don't make clear enough for my taste the skepticism that I've seen expressed by this idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;spanishdict.com has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/a%20poco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;helpful entry&lt;/a&gt;.  In a few of the examples, I will add, in italics and brackets, some English idiomatic equivalents to try to make the tone of this expression even clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Interjection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(used to express disbelief or surprise) (Mexico) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. really &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El profe dijo que todos reprobaron el examen. - ¿A poco? | The&#xA;  professor said that everybody failed the exam. - Really?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[You're shitting me! / Get out of town!]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. seriously &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No me gusta el café. - ¿A poco? Estás mal, amigo. | I don't like&#xA;  coffee. - Seriously? Something's wrong with you, buddy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. for real &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana me voy a Alemania. - ¿A poco? | Tomorrow I'm going to Germany.&#xA;  - For real?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PHRASE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(near; used with &quot;de&quot;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. close &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estamos a poco de ganar el campeonato. | We're close to winning the&#xA;  championship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(used to confirm something) (Mexico) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. really &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco le dijiste a tu jefe que era un ratero? | Did you really call&#xA;  your boss a thief?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Are you serious?  You can't have told your boss he's a thief.  No way!]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. seriously &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A poco no van a ir de vacaciones en Semana Santa? | Are you seriously&#xA;  not going on vacation during Holy Week?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[I can't believe [what I heard, that] you all aren't going away for Easter break.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(colloquial) (used to ask for agreement; used with &quot;no&quot;) (Mexico)   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. right   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las quesadillas hechas con tortillas de maíz saben mejor,&#xA;  ¿a poco no? | Quesadillas made with corn tortillas taste better,&#xA;  right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Corn tortillas make the best quesadillas, don't you agree?]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. no direct translation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Don't you agree?]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta camisa me queda muy bien, ¿a poco no? | This shirt looks really&#xA;  good on me, doesn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esos cuates son bien sangrones, ¿a poco no? | Those guys are really&#xA;  annoying, aren't they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T14:03:10.417" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T14:03:10.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5761" CreationDate="2018-02-18T05:09:37.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume the question mark is not part of the phrase you want to translate: &quot;It is what it is.&quot; &lt;em&gt;/lit. Es lo que es./&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has many variations, according to the place where you are speaking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina:&#xA;Both &quot;Eso es.&quot; &lt;em&gt;/lit. That is./&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;Eso sí que es.&quot; (with the accent on the &quot;i&quot;) &lt;em&gt;/lit. That does be./&lt;/em&gt; could be used to express agreement with something someone just said, like saying &quot;That's it.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you tried using it after someone says, for instance, &quot;LAPD gave me a 100USD ticket because the Hollywood sign appeared on the background of my livestream and I didn't have a license from the company that copyrighted it.&quot;, then noone would understand. People would expect you to say something more after it, at least an adjective. It would be literally like saying &quot;That is.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in Argentina, a good translation of &quot;It is what it is.&quot; is &quot;Así son las cosas.&quot; &lt;em&gt;/lit. That's the way things are./&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Es lo que hay.&quot; &lt;em&gt;/lit. It is what there is.; fig. It is what is available./&lt;/em&gt; would work but it's use is better suited for the case where there are many options and you get one that is not amongst the better ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Alice: So... either Trump or Clinton's wife are going to rule the USA for 4 years?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Bob: Es lo que hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18829" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T08:37:24.327" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T08:37:24.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24198" CreationDate="2018-02-18T12:50:26.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece bastante lógico que se deba a que, hasta hace bien poco, los campesinos (rústicos, rurales) tenían la piel oscura por su exposición al Sol. Eran los ricos los que hacían alarde de ser blancos, incluso las reinas usaban polvos de arroz para blanquearse la piel. El ser moreno de piel denotaba exposición al Sol, asociada al trabajo en el campo. &quot;Los ricos son refinados y no se manchan las manos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T12:50:26.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2018-02-18T15:27:07.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I support the answer by @c.p. but would like to clarify a couple things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is an &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt;?  Naturally, there is regional variation!  Here is one possible configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vrM16.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vrM16.png&quot; alt=&quot;empanada&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; pictured is similar to what in English can be called a &lt;em&gt;hand pie&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;half moon pie&lt;/em&gt;.  (I'd add &lt;em&gt;turnover&lt;/em&gt; to this list if turnovers weren't usually triangular shaped.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be sweet or savory (or conceivably a combination, e.g. empanada de queso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is often made with wheat flour but other types of starch are also possible, e.g. plantain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be fried or baked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OP appears to want to know, also (judging by the comment below c.p.'s answers), what to call the theme of the particular &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. how to refer to the filling.  As @eSedano pointed out in a self-deleted answer, it would be called, at least in Mexico: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;relleno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But note that the theme ingredient of the empanada can be either a discrete filling, added during the shaping phase, or it can be incorporated into the short dough during the initial mixing of the dough.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; I am most familiar with (eastern central Mexico) is based on a &lt;strong&gt;short pastry&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;shortcrust pastry&lt;/strong&gt;.  It's no longer based, in this day and age, on &lt;em&gt;bread&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pan&lt;/em&gt; as we now use these terms.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/shortcrust&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford defines &lt;em&gt;shortcrust pastry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;crumbly pastry made with flour, fat, and a little water, typically used for pies [...] and tarts.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are recipes in which the oil doesn't appear as an initial ingredient, and doesn't get incorporated into the &lt;em&gt;empanada&lt;/em&gt; until the deep frying.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T15:27:07.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5829" CreationDate="2018-02-18T16:37:45.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Saltar a la cuerda&quot; or &quot;saltar la cuerda&quot;?  This varies by region.  But that's not what you were asking about....&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For clarity about &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt;, please see this excellent and concise post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20738/9385&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20738/9385&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what you were actually asking: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How would this be expressed in Spanish? &quot;I would have jumped the rope if I had to.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to modify your question a little bit because &quot;jumped the rope&quot; is awkward for me to work with.  First, because I would say, &quot;I would have jump-roped&quot; (and that might veer us off to *what exactly is the past participle of &quot;to jump rope&quot;) and second, because it's hard for me to imagine someone being &lt;em&gt;required&lt;/em&gt; to jump rope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would have gone to the bank yesterday (to make a deposit) if I had to [but it wasn't necessary because my automatic paycheck deposit came through in time].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hubiera ido al banco ayer (para hacer un depósito) si hubiera tenido que hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In place of the first &lt;em&gt;hubiera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;habría&lt;/em&gt; are also possible.  In place of the second, &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt; is also possible. (See the previously cited &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20738/9385&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20738/9385&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little bit more natural would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habría ido al banco ayer si hubiera sido necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habría ido al banco ayer si hubiera tenido que hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the natural, idiomatic way to express this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hubiera ido al banco ayer de ser necesario.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's back-translate, to make sure you understand what this means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I would have gone to the bank yesterday if it had been necessary.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T16:37:45.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24214" CreationDate="2018-02-18T19:13:16.047" Score="4" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés se usa el término &quot;emotionally invested&quot; para cuando uno pone muchas ganas, esfuerzo o expectativas en alguna relación o en alguna otra actividad (como un hobbie o un trabajo, supongo). ¿Existe algún término de uso común en español para algo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de uso: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When you are &lt;strong&gt;emotionally invested&lt;/strong&gt; in someone, they have become&#xA;  intricately interwoven into the tapestry of your life—a big part of&#xA;  your big picture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre la traducción literal &lt;em&gt;emocionalmente invertido&lt;/em&gt;, pero en la vida escuché este término en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-18T20:44:49.013" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T18:11:11.363" Title="¿Existe algún término de uso extendido en español, para el término en inglés &quot;emotionally invested&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24213" CreationDate="2018-02-18T20:29:00.770" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;code&gt;emocionalmente implicado&lt;/code&gt; ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ajustarse a la definición. Se puede prescindir del adverbio y decir solo &quot;implicado&quot;, o &quot;muy implicado&quot;, ya que se sobreentiende el resto, yo creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-18T20:29:00.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15826" CreationDate="2018-02-19T04:20:46.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/su&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt; tiene una entrada bastante clara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(uso enfático)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⇒ tendrá sus buenos 80 años | he must be a good 80 years old&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⇒ su dinero le habrá costado | it must have cost her a pretty penny&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⇒ una casa de muñecas con sus cortinitas y todo | a doll's house with little curtains and everything&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T04:20:46.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24171" CreationDate="2018-02-19T04:51:32.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;114 98 90&lt;/s&gt; 85 Caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voces: destellos del fuego de alias dejados. Igual, con poder: para inspirar, o hacer llorar. 7 unen, 10 rajan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voces: destellos del fuego de alias dejados&lt;/em&gt;: En esta frase, el &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; lo uso para otorgarle definición a &lt;code&gt;voces&lt;/code&gt; (lo mismo que decir &quot;las voces &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; destellos...&quot;).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nota: en esta frase he combinado tanto la primera como la última sentencia. No sabia que se podía hacer eso hasta que leí la respuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24180/16980&quot;&gt;@Charlie&lt;/a&gt; (las reglas de translation golf no lo indican, aunque tampoco lo prohíben).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Voces&lt;/strong&gt;: Es bastante poco común, pero &lt;code&gt;voces&lt;/code&gt; puede usarse como palabras en textos formales (y antiguos, supongo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alias&lt;/strong&gt;: Alias es sinónimo de nombre. (Para ser exactos, el alias también se puede interpretar como un apodo o sobrenombre.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dejados&lt;/strong&gt;: Lo utilizo en reemplazo de olvidado (como se olvido ya no se usa, entonces se deja).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Destellos&lt;/strong&gt;: Aquí combino mi antiguo significado de trazas y dibujos. Los destellos son como pantallasos, en otras palabras, un destello es como una imagen incompleta (cuando ves un destello/pantallaso de algo es que lo viste muy rápido, por lo que no pudiste prestarle mucha atención), por lo que no es realmente fuego, es solo una imagen, y a su vez es incompleta, ya que ni siquiera es una imagen en si, es algo que se ve rápidamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Igual, con poder&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;Igual [que los alias anteriormente mencionados] con[/tienen] poder&quot;. Aquí nuevamente vuelvo a utilizar el &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt; para tratar de demostrar que los dos objetos son similares (me apoyo en el &quot;igual&quot;). Espero que se entienda la explicación, no se me ocurre como explicarlo mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;para inspirar, o hacer llorar&lt;/em&gt;: Vuelvo a utilizar el &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; para darle definición a lo anterior (haciendo referencia al termino principal: &lt;code&gt;voces&lt;/code&gt;), esta vez el &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt; es usado más cerca de la enumeración (las voces realizan varias cosas, como inspirar, hacer llorar , etc).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inspirar&lt;/strong&gt;: Despertar o causar en el ánimo un sentimiento, una sensación o una impresión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer llorar&lt;/strong&gt;: Lo mismo de provocar o arrancar lágrimas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;7 ligan, 10 rajan&lt;/em&gt;: El &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt; se usa como en la anterior vez, &quot;7 [de estas (las voces)] ligan&quot; o &quot;7 [voces (recuerden que voces es sinónimo de palabras)] rajan&quot; (lo mismo con 10). Use &lt;code&gt;ligan&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;rajan&lt;/code&gt; basándome en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24180/16980&quot;&gt;@Charlie&lt;/a&gt;, si puedes usar estas palabras para que alguien se enamore de ti (enamorar -&gt; ligar), y el otro puede usarlas para que vos te enamores de él (enamorarte -&gt; ligarte), básicamente estas palabras son capaces de enamorar a cualquiera (enamoran -&gt; ligan a cualquiera). Lo mismo ocurre con rompen -&gt; rajan.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajan&lt;/strong&gt;: quebrantar o romper, al no especificarse nada más se puede entender que rompen o quiebran psicológicamente o físicamente a algo o alguien, pero sabiendo que solo se puede ligar (enamorar) personas (no objetos) y que enamorar es una acción psicológica (no física como romper algo), se puede deducir que se aplican los mismos principios a &lt;code&gt;rajar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ligar&lt;/strong&gt;: enamorar, conseguir pareja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que se entiendan mis explicaciones!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="16980" LastEditDate="2018-02-20T22:23:02.567" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T22:23:02.567" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-19T04:51:32.797" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24224" CreationDate="2018-02-19T05:41:20.513" Score="6" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S7jDPex&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;patán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. coloq. Aldeano o rústico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. y f. coloq. Persona zafia y tosca. U. t. c. adj. &lt;em&gt;Gente patana.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De or. inc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Pie y pierna de los animales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Pie de un mueble.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. En las prendas de vestir, cartera, golpe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. coloq. Pierna de una persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. y f. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Bol., Cuba y Perú.&lt;/em&gt; amigo (‖ persona que tiene amistad).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero se me escapa la conexión entre las palabras. ¿Qué relación hay entre  &lt;strong&gt;pata&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;patán&lt;/strong&gt; para considerar que &lt;em&gt;patán&lt;/em&gt; proceda de &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T12:43:21.920" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T19:36:46.600" Title="Origen de &quot;patán&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18084" CreationDate="2018-02-19T06:01:27.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;De la expresión admirativa de los espectadores en torneos y justas, cuando aparecía en el campo su campeón, el caballero favorito, su paladín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         ¡HE LE! ¡HE LO! (= Hele ahí, helo ahí)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18840" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T06:01:27.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24213" CreationDate="2018-02-19T06:22:29.053" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tener [mucho] apego&lt;/strong&gt;.  Saqué esta idea de linguee.com.  Linguée sugirió &lt;em&gt;apego emocional&lt;/em&gt; -- yo lo simplifico porque &amp;quot;emocional&amp;quot; me parece redundante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dos ideas para tu frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tienes &lt;em&gt;mucho apego&lt;/em&gt; a una persona, esa persona etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estás &lt;em&gt;muy apegado&lt;/em&gt; a una persona, esa persona etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: Se me ocurrió otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emocionalmente comprometido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando estás muy &lt;em&gt;emocionalmente comprometido&lt;/em&gt; a una persona, esa persona etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que esta frase me parece más preciso y además mejor para el contexto (psicología un tanto &lt;em&gt;pop&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T18:11:11.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24213" CreationDate="2018-02-19T13:03:39.580" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simplemente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Ev9TuQ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enamorado&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;enamorado, da. Del part. de enamorar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que siente amor y atracción sexual por alguien. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Propio de una persona enamorada. Mirada enamorada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Muy aficionado a algo o muy amante de ello. U. t. c. s. Un enamorado de la música y de su pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. enamoradizo. U. m. en Am.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Am. Que mantiene con otra persona una relación más o menos amorosa y sin compromiso formal para el matrimonio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. desus. prostituta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción 3 es exactamente eso y en el caso de tu ejemplo sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando uno esta enamorado de una persona, esta se convierte en....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T13:23:42.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T13:23:42.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24194" CreationDate="2018-02-19T15:50:04.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dependiendo en contexto y la manera en la que estemos utilizando &quot;blast&quot; es cómo deberíamos traducirla al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si burdamente españolizamos el verbo &lt;em&gt;blast&lt;/em&gt; nos daría &quot;blastear&quot; así que &quot;blaster&quot; sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquel que &quot;blastea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora que ya entendimos lo que el blaster es burdamente, podemos darle una traducción mas adecuada si sabemos lo que es &quot;blastear&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disparo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disparador &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explosión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Explotador/Detonador &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T04:15:29.947" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:15:29.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19750" CreationDate="2018-02-19T16:26:47.337" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El vocablo &quot;gallego&quot; tiene una connotación semántica peyorativa en toda Hispanoamérica. Es sinónimo de torpe, perdedor, ignorante, bruto... Es, en definitiva, equivalente a un insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18843" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T17:05:05.207" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T17:05:05.207" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19750" CreationDate="2018-02-19T17:32:35.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo hablaba mucho con cubanos en Estados Unidos y sí lo usan como peyorativo para referirse a los españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más hay una serie de bromas que se dicen en que el gallego es el tonto. En inglés, el equivalente es hacer bromas de los polacos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es decir que siempre en todos dialectos del castellano es peyorativo, pero lo he oído usar así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T17:32:35.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24217" CreationDate="2018-02-19T19:36:46.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (tomo O-R, 1737) nos da directamente la respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PATAN. s.m. El hombre záfio, tosco y campesino. Llámase assi, porque ordinariamente tiene grandes patas ò pies, y las hace mayores con el calzado tosco que trahe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es ciertamente una voz con solera, ya que el primer caso del CORDE se remonta a 1550:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Este no es el palomino? ¡Ha, don villano patán!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Pastor, &quot;Tragedia de la castidad de Lucrecia&quot;, c 1550 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T19:36:46.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24227" CreationDate="2018-02-19T19:41:54.047" Score="3" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen a few sentences like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy a salvo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy a gusto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the fact that &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; is required in these sentences surprised me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't seem like &amp;quot;estoy&amp;quot; + past participle always requires &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; in between, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy aburrido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy cansado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I thought the difference is because &amp;quot;salvo&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;gusto&amp;quot; are transitive verbs and I'm the direct object.  But &amp;quot;aburrir&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;cansar&amp;quot; are also transitive.  Perhaps &amp;quot;aburrir&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;cansar&amp;quot; are used here in the passive voice, but &amp;quot;salvar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;gustar&amp;quot; are not passive in the above examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17617" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T21:19:46.047" Title="What is the grammatical function of &quot;a&quot; in &quot;estoy a salvo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24198" CreationDate="2018-02-19T19:50:13.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posible explicación es que derivara de la acepción que &lt;strong&gt;pardillo&lt;/strong&gt; tenía en el Diccionario de Autoridades (1737):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adj. que se aplica à el paño mas tosco, grosséro y basto, que se hace del color pardo y sin tinte, de que viste la gente humilde y pobre: y asi se suele decir, Gente del pardillo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T19:50:13.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24225" CreationDate="2018-02-19T20:06:00.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Juk3i3t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gusto&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is a noun and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X8yVIlK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;salvo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is an adjective. The &quot;a&quot; preposition is needed to form adverbial locutions with nouns or adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find a lot of information about adverbial locutions with the &quot;preposition + noun&quot; pattern in the &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática española&lt;/em&gt; (in Spanish), in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wGbkxAsgmzWgDxmj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapter 30.16&lt;/a&gt;. You will find a whole lot of adverbial locutions such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bordo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ante todo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bajo control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con frecuencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contra corriente&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De golpe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En efecto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pebkRzmdzkZgyNWH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapter 30.17&lt;/a&gt; you have a list of adverbial locutions with the &quot;preposition + adjective&quot; and other patterns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A diario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De pasada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En frío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por escrito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T20:06:00.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24225" CreationDate="2018-02-19T21:19:46.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; is a preposition, meaning &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;.  I'll give you a few phrases in English that work in a similar way, to help you feel more comfortable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at ease&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I serve at the pleasure of the king&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this has been resolved to your satisfaction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's look specifically at &amp;quot;a salvo.&amp;quot;  It can be used to talk about &lt;em&gt;reaching safety&lt;/em&gt;.  Thinking about it this way makes it natural to expect this preposition, &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T21:19:46.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18084" CreationDate="2018-02-20T00:40:31.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el CVC (Centro Virtual Cervantes) hay un hilo sobre la etimología de OLÉ.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=25251&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Significado y origen de la palabra 'olé' &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo el contenido del enlace al foro del CVC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay opiniones sobre que puede venir del las aleyas del corán, comenzaban siempre &quot;Alá ...&quot;. Aunque el etimólogo, Joan Corominas, tiene sus dudas.&#xA;  Eso es lo que afirman todos los expertos en etimología. Wa-llâh es una exclamación árabe &quot;¡Por Alá!&quot; que aparece entre nosotros como &quot;Olé&quot;. No es raro, teniendo en cuenta el sonido de la A de Allâh, que se aproxima al de nuestra O.&#xA;  Y acabando con el arabista Emilio García Gómez para quién, efectivamente, nuestro «¡olé!» deriva de la tradicional exclamación musulmana que, sonando como Wa-llâh, significa '¡por Dios!'. Solo que desfigurada a propósito por los moriscos como 'Wallé' para evitar que pudiera parecer invocación religiosa lo que no era sino expresión maquinal de admiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T09:18:32.950" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T09:18:32.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23098" CreationDate="2018-02-20T00:46:54.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puede traducirse por &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti/termino.php?Tr=deprecated&amp;amp;Tp=T&amp;amp;Or=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;obsoleto o desaconsejado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Deprecated' (desaconsejado, obsoleto) tiene el sentido de un elemento (programa, módulo, biblioteca, dispositivo,...) considerado anticuado y en proceso de retirada y que es, por lo general, reemplazado por otro. Los elementos obsoletos pueden tardar muchos años en desaparecer, ya que esto depende de lo extendidos que estén y de las ventajas que aporten los nuevos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Obsolete' (obsoleto, anticuado) ofrece la idea de un elemento para el que no hay garantía de soporte por parte de una aplicación o de un proveedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos términos compuestos relativamente nuevos: 'planned obsolescence' (obsolescencia planificada) y 'built-in obsolescence' (obsolescencia programada). Obsolescencia que todos hemos sufrido con algún producto que se estropea antes de lo esperado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Ampliación]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A-Cuando yo estudiaba, nos 'desaconsejaban' el uso de algunas funciones (pasarían años hasta que se hablara de procedimientos) porque estaban 'obsoletas' y era mejor utilizar una biblioteca nueva con funciones mejoradas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B-Por otra parte se hablaba de que una versión de sistema estaba 'anticuada' porque había salido una más nueva que nos iban a instalar en breve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso (A) podíamos seguir empleando las funciones a sabiendas de que había otras mejores.&#xA;En el caso (B) no es que no hubiera garantía de soporte, es que incluso el sistema podía ser reemplazado por el nuevo. Entonces los sistemas eran propietarios y si había uno nuevo la casa lo reemplazaba. Hace pocos años vi un equipo con Windows 98 (estaban anunciando W10) y eso  más que 'anticuado' me pareció un 'superviviente'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T01:31:34.060" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T01:31:34.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23035" CreationDate="2018-02-20T00:53:17.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me parece serio emplear a la hembra del grillo para lo que es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti/termino.php?Tr=grid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retícula o rejilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si un diccionario no proporciona una traducción directa hay que buscar en el propio idioma alguna palabra que describa el término en cuestión, y el español es rico en palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que mi comentario (jocoso?) sobre la hembra del grillo no se ha entendido. Y reconozco que no busqué en el diccionario de americanismos. Paso a explicarme mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un 'grid', al menos desde España es una retícula, rejilla o cuadrícula, lo que no obsta para que muchos usen el término inglés con total libertad, en muchos casos porque no se han molestado en buscar en un diccionario inglés-español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro uso reside en la tecnología de computo intensiva donde se coordinan recursos computacionales heterogéneos (ordenadores, clusters, supercomputadores, almacenamiento en red, etc.) situados en distintos dominios administrativos (distintas organizaciones, empresas, etc.) y, por tanto, no sujetos a un control centralizado, lo que se conoce como 'grid computing' (computación reticular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T10:58:25.757" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T10:58:25.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22404" CreationDate="2018-02-20T00:57:30.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Deshabilitar no, pero si &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti/termino.php?Tr=disable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desactivar, desconectar, inhibir, inutilizar, invalidar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se realiza la desconexión de un elemento del sistema podemos decir que se 'desactiva', se 'desconecta' o se 'inutiliza' o 'inhibe' su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, cuando se restringe el acceso a funciones de un sistema o programa (por ejemplo, una entrada del menú en la que no se puede pulsar) estamos 'inhibiendo', 'desactivando' o 'invalidando' su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo que podemos construir palabras usando las reglas del español, pero si ya existen términos que los describen ¿no sería mejor usarlos? IMHO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T10:18:12.803" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T10:18:12.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24237" CreationDate="2018-02-20T12:49:04.293" Score="8" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día Charlie planteó &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24122/1674&quot;&gt;El curioso caso de los planetas en el diccionario&lt;/a&gt; y en ella vimos fragmentos en los que se definía &lt;em&gt;planeta&lt;/em&gt; a lo largo de los siglos y diccionarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definición de &lt;em&gt;planeta&lt;/em&gt; en 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PLANETAS, siete cuerpos celestiales, que en sus orbes particulares tiene cada una su propio movimiento contrario al del primer &lt;strong&gt;mobil&lt;/strong&gt;, y por esta razon se llaron erraneas, a diferéncia de las demas estrellas que estan fixas en el cielo estrellado, sin mudar jamas distancias una de otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y luego la RAE en 1737:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PLANETA. Nombre que se da à los siete cuerpos celestes, que en sus orbes particulares tiene cada uno su propio movimiento, contrario al del primer &lt;strong&gt;mobil&lt;/strong&gt;: y por esta razón se llamaron errantes, à diferencia de las demás estrellas que estan fixas en el Cielo. Son sus nombres Sol, Luna, Marte, Mercurio, Jupiter, Venus y Saturno, de quien tomaron nombres los siete días de la semána.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, destaco que se mencione &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. En efecto, resulta que por aquel entonces su ortografía era más cercana a su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PxcFux4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;móvil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. mobĭlis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORPUS encuentro referencias a &lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt; en textos solamente del siglo XVII, aunque finalmente hay uno de 1764:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Que concurran los Graduados no matriculados, y se les tenga como á los demas de continua residencia&quot;; en la que estaba comprendida la percepcion de Propina, pues perciviendolas estos, como las percivian, de necesidad devian recivirlas los otros, y respecto de que estos hechos manifestaban, que el &lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt; de estos recursos haviais sido Vos, que os haviais descubierto abiertamente, con el empeño de sostenerle (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en lo que parece un texto esencialmente jurídico (&lt;em&gt;R. pr. del mismo con orden de no matricular a los graduados complutenses si no residen conforme a es&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que podría descartarse por ser la rama de la lengua menos permeable a las novedades (¡opino!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, a partir de cierto momento pasó a tener el acento prosódico en la primera sílaba, tal y como muestra el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/mapa-de-diccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;móvil   1817, 1884, 1925, 1992, 2001&#xA;movil   1780&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, las dudas son dos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿por qué dejó de usarse &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y se comenzó a usar con &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y cambiando la sílaba tónica?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿qué relación puede tener en comparación con el resto de idiomas, que siguen usando la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;mobile&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, &lt;em&gt;mòbil&lt;/em&gt; en catalán, &lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt; en alemán...)? De hecho, de las 36 lenguas que incorpora &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mobilis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary en su artículo &lt;em&gt;mobilis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, solamente en portugués (&lt;em&gt;móvel&lt;/em&gt;, aunque también &lt;em&gt;móbil&lt;/em&gt;) y castellano (&lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt;) se usa &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T04:49:30.307" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T04:49:30.307" Title="¿Por qué escribimos &quot;móvil&quot; con &quot;v&quot;, si viene del latín &quot;mobĭlis&quot; y el resto de idiomas mantuvieron la &quot;b&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23451" CreationDate="2018-02-20T15:15:04.827" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como el adjetivo posesivo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es ambiguo, en ocaciones es necesario especificar el &lt;em&gt;poseedor&lt;/em&gt;. La partícula &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es una preposición de pertenencia, la cual califica al adjetivo y así se elimina la ambiguedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los 50's y 60's, esta expresión era común en el Español Tapatio (Guadalajara, Mexico), con el cual yo crecí. Se enseñaba en la escuela primaria con tablas como la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su de él - su automovil de él&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su de ella - su bolso de ella&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su de ellos - su casa de ellos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su de ellas - su escuela de ellas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T15:15:04.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4303" CreationDate="2018-02-20T16:35:14.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Orto&lt;/em&gt; si bien puede ser por lo de huerta, también aparece en marineros de la antigüedad,donde orto es cuando amanece,sale el sol..&quot;mira que lindo orto o lindo amanecer&quot;. Muchas de estas palabras provienen del lenguaje de marineros,como verga,rancho..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se utiliza para referirse a &quot;qué lindo trasero&quot;.  Ejemplo: &quot;Mira el orto que tiene esa mina&quot; (mina=mujer).  Y sobretodo se usa cuando el culo de la mujer es casi perfecto, paradito, redondo..con pantalones ajustados marcando aun mas sus nalgas..eso es un orto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen del término se debe a que, cuando un astro asoma en el horizonte, parece ascender en ángulo &quot;recto&quot; con él (la trayectoria del astro y la línea del horizonte son &quot;ortogonales&quot;). &quot;Orto&quot; y &quot;salida&quot; son sinónimos. El antónimo de orto es &lt;em&gt;ocaso&lt;/em&gt;. Por ende, amanecer (salida del astro,sol o luna) puede ser lindo para algunos..de ahí que si veo un culo lindo en vez de decir que lindo culo, digo &quot;qué lindo orto&quot;. Lo que pudo haber comenzado como algo que se pudo decir sin ofender, se ha transformado en lo que conocemos hoy en día..También apoyo la posibilidad de &lt;em&gt;huerta&lt;/em&gt; como apuntó Unorus Janco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18849" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T13:46:09.143" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T13:46:09.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24234" CreationDate="2018-02-20T18:25:20.297" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de palabras como &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;movilidad&lt;/em&gt;, que en tiempos se escribieron, como dices, &lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mobilidad&lt;/em&gt;, es en última instancia el verbo latino &lt;em&gt;movere&lt;/em&gt;. La composición de este con sufijos como &lt;em&gt;-bilis&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-bilitas&lt;/em&gt; hizo que en los compuestos pasara a usarse la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la influencia de la palabra original &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt; fue siempre fuerte, y ya el diccionario de la RAE de 1780 recoge &lt;em&gt;movil&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;mobil&lt;/em&gt;, a pesar de que en 1734 era precisamente al revés. Hay que tener en cuenta que otros derivados de &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt; sí se escribían con &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;movedizo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;movible&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &lt;em&gt;movimiento&lt;/em&gt;, lo que aumentaba la confusión. Al final, lo que tuvo lugar fue un proceso de normalización de los derivados de &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt;, para que todos usaran la misma consonante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate además que &lt;em&gt;movedizo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;movible&lt;/em&gt; eran sinónimas de &lt;em&gt;móbil&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como recoge el Terreros y Pando de 1787:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MÓBIL, MOVIBLE, MOVEDIZO, adj. lo que se puede mover, ó es susceptible de movimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este diccionario mencionado es el último que recoge la palabra con &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;, dado que aún aparecía en algunos textos como el que muestras de 1764. Para entonces el proceso de normalización ya estaba casi completado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el cambio de sílaba tónica, efectivamente la RAE afirmaba en 1741 en su primera ortografía que las palabras solo debían acentuarse si la sílaba tónica era diferente de la habitual según la terminación. Si la palabra acababa en vocal distinta de &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, lo común era que fuesen agudas y por tanto debían acentuarse si eran llanas, y pone el ejemplo de &lt;em&gt;fácil&lt;/em&gt;. Por la misma regla, &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt; debería acentuarse pero no aparece así hasta la edición de 1783 del diccionario. Sin embargo, si te fijas en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, ninguna palabra está recogida con tilde. Ni siquiera &lt;em&gt;fácil&lt;/em&gt;, dada como ejemplo por la &lt;em&gt;Ortographia&lt;/em&gt; de palabra con tilde. En el Terreros y Pando sí la lleva (en su versión &lt;em&gt;móbil&lt;/em&gt;) y otros diccionarios anteriores también la registran con tilde, empezando por el Vittori de 1609. Eso me hace pensar que la palabra realmente no cambió su sílaba tónica, sino que hasta un determinado año no se normalizaron las reglas de acentuación y la tilde fue apareciendo y desapareciendo en la palabra. Si buscas en el CORDE &quot;móbil&quot; aparecen más de 50 registros ya en el siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de por qué otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;mueble&lt;/em&gt; sí conservan la &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;, imagino que será por la conversión de &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt;, que hace que la palabra se distancie del original &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt; y por tanto no le afectó la normalización, por no hablar de que, como comenta @guifa, el grupo &lt;em&gt;vl&lt;/em&gt; no existe en castellano. Hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;mueble&lt;/em&gt; ya existía con el grupo &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt; allá por el siglo XIII. Y el caso de &lt;em&gt;mobiliario&lt;/em&gt;, es una palabra más reciente. Su primera aparición en diccionarios fue en el siglo XIX y aparece como importada del francés, luego entró en nuestro idioma pasada la normalización de los derivados de &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-20T20:56:13.017" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T20:56:13.017" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24200" CreationDate="2018-02-20T19:14:24.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ampliar un poco &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24203/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de @tjfuke&lt;/a&gt;, que solo cita a la Wikipedia, comentar que en el fichero general de la RAE vienen varias tarjetas que hacen mención a la palabra &lt;em&gt;suripanta&lt;/em&gt;. Algunas nos confirman que la palabra fue, efectivamente, una invención de Eugenio Blasco para su opereta &lt;em&gt;El joven Telémaco&lt;/em&gt;. Una en particular me hizo descubrir &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Memorias_%C3%8Dntimas,_Cap%C3%ADtulo_XII_-_Los_bufos,_do%C3%B1a_Rosa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el siguiente texto&lt;/a&gt; que nos da más detalles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creó solamente un género &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Arderius&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arderius&lt;/a&gt;, creó una docena de mujeres bonitas con una pierna al aire cada una; coristas de nuevo aspecto, a quienes el público les dió nombre. Por aquello de que cantaban en el Telémaco un coro en griego macarrónico en el que dominaba la palabra &lt;em&gt;suripanta&lt;/em&gt;, que no quería decir nada, las coristas de Arderius se llamaron suripantas, y fueron lo menos la mitad del éxito del género y del teatro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la hemeroteca del BNE las primeras referencias a la palabra nos confirman su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saffo&lt;/em&gt; es una señorita que después de componer muy buenos versos en griego (y no como aquellos de &lt;em&gt;Suripanta, la suripanta&lt;/em&gt;) se enamora como una desesperada y llega al estremo de echar los trastos á rodar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gil Blas.&lt;/strong&gt; 18/10/1866, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003831736&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;search=suripanta&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página 1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden encontrar también ese mismo año algunas críticas a la obra del &lt;em&gt;Telémaco&lt;/em&gt; que hacen mención al &lt;em&gt;suripanta&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la parte en la que el coro canta la palabra, mencionando que &lt;em&gt;enlevá le public&lt;/em&gt; [sic] y comenzando a dar forma al significado posterior de la misma. Buen coro debía ser para levantar al público.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, el tratado &lt;em&gt;Lenguaje y discriminación sexual&lt;/em&gt; de Álvaro García Meseguer, de 1977, incluye la palabra &lt;em&gt;suripanta&lt;/em&gt; con su acepción de &quot;mujer ruin, moralmente despreciable&quot;, y el comentario &quot;otro despectivo sin dual masculino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-20T19:20:38.743" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T19:20:38.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24240" CreationDate="2018-02-20T20:30:45.150" Score="3" ViewCount="1238" Body="&lt;p&gt;When should one use “a” in place of “de/para”? To clarify here are two examples of the word “a” being used in this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Le compraron la casa &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mi padre” which translates to “They bought the house from/for my father”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Carmen les roba los collares &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; las personas viejas” which translates to “Carmen stole the necklace from the elderly people”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is “a” used in these instances and is it acceptable to use “de/para” in place of “a”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12844" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-02-20T21:03:46.470" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T18:58:49.483" Title="When to use &quot;a&quot; instead of &quot;de&quot; or &quot;para&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24239" CreationDate="2018-02-20T21:26:13.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In both examples, the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; preposition is preceding the indirect object of the sentences. The use of &quot;le&quot; and &quot;les&quot; reinforces that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; compraron la casa &lt;strong&gt;a mi padre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Carmes &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; roba los collares &lt;strong&gt;a las personas viejas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text in bold in both cases refer to the same object. So &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le = a mi padre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Les = a las personas viejas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dealing with indirect objects requires the use of the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; preposition, as noted &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=003Ov93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in the DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. Precede al complemento indirecto. &lt;em&gt;Legó su fortuna a los pobres.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change the preposition for &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, then you do not have an indirect object, but something that expresses the purpose of what is expressed by the verb, and note that then you do not need &lt;em&gt;le/s&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compraron la casa &lt;strong&gt;para mi padre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Carmen roba los collares &lt;strong&gt;para las personas viejas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carmen les roba los collares para las personas viejas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; does not refer to &lt;em&gt;las personas viejas&lt;/em&gt;, but to other object. You could also use &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carmen roba &lt;strong&gt;los collares de las personas viejas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But thus you have a sentence with a direct object (in bold) and no indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carmen les roba los collares a las personas viejas. &lt;em&gt;Carmen steals the necklaces from the elderly people.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Carmen roba los collares para las personas viejas. &lt;em&gt;Carmen steals the necklaces for the elderly people.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Carmen roba los collares de las personas viejas. &lt;em&gt;Carmen steals the elderly people's necklaces.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="3053" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T10:33:02.847" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T10:33:02.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24181" CreationDate="2018-02-20T22:03:38.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-origen-de-la-palabra-estraperlo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el blog de Alfred López&lt;/a&gt; se nos cuenta lo siguiente, que de momento viene a corroborar lo que comentas en la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra Estraperlo proviene de Straperlo y ésta deriva como acrónimo de Strauss y Perlowitz (en algunas fuentes aparece tan solo como Perlo), dos socios de origen holandés que en época de la Segunda República trajeron a España una ruleta eléctrica. Dicha ruleta se presentó en sociedad en 1934 en el Casino de San Sebastián y también llegó a llevarse a Palma de Mallorca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto habían sobornado a varios políticos influyentes y así consiguieron introducirla en el país. Evidentemente, la ruleta estaba trucada y rápidamente las autoridades se dieron cuenta del timo y se prohibió dicho juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la hemeroteca de la BNE se encuentran artículos que hablan del caso desde 1936, haciendo referencia al caso como &amp;quot;lo del estraperlo&amp;quot;. La forma en que se introdujo la máquina en el país, de forma fraudulenta y de tapadillo, debió dar origen al uso del término para cualquier actividad del mismo corte. Curiosamente, es un académico de la RAE, Julián Marías, quien en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Discurso_ingreso_Julian_Marias.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discurso de ingreso&lt;/a&gt; nos habla de la palabra. Está comentando la situación actual del diccionario y cómo las palabras contienen definiciones, como la primera de &amp;quot;planeta&amp;quot; por aquel entonces, que están ahí porque alguna vez fueron &lt;em&gt;uso&lt;/em&gt;, pero no se corresponden con el habla actual. Y entonces compara la situación de las definiciones &amp;quot;históricas&amp;quot; con aquellas palabras que recién se están formando:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compárese esta situación con la de la palabra 'estraperlo', a cuyo origen y uso hemos asistido. Derivada de dos nombres propios, Strauss y Perle, hacia 1934 viene a designar un negocio de probidad dudosa, y se convierte en sinónimo del francés &lt;em&gt;affaire&lt;/em&gt;; pero muy pronto, ya durante la guerra civil y en los años que la siguen, época de escasez general, la palabra 'estraperlo' sufre un cambio semántico y se hace equivalente de 'mercado ilegal' o 'mercado negro'. La forma en que esta voz se usa es muy peculiar: 'de estraperlo': comprar o vender 'de estraperlo', productos 'de estraperlo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T22:03:38.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24239" CreationDate="2018-02-21T05:03:21.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Outstanding answer by @Charlie.  Here's a supplemental remark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Charlie pointed out in his comment below the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first example, I understand &amp;quot;le compraron la casa a mi padre&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;They bought the house from my father&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it might be helpful for you to understand a bit more about what this preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; does here and in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; connects the associated object with the verb in its most essential way.  &amp;quot;A&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;points to&lt;/em&gt; someone or something &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second thing is that when the object of a verb is a &lt;em&gt;person,&lt;/em&gt; we introduce &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; to show this personhood.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amo los cuadros pintados por mi vecina. | &lt;em&gt;I love the pictures painted by my neighbor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amo a mi vecina. | &lt;em&gt;I love my neighbor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; is a very special pronoun.  I hope these two features help you get to know &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T05:03:21.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24243" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24249" CreationDate="2018-02-21T09:10:44.640" Score="5" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;As we all know, every Stack Exchange site lets their users &lt;strong&gt;delete&lt;/strong&gt; their own questions and answers. You can also vote to delete other users' VLQ posts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once a post is deleted, there's a grace period during which users can &lt;strong&gt;undelete&lt;/strong&gt; it, i.e. undo the action of deleting it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, most English-Spanish dictionaries translate undelete as &lt;em&gt;restaurar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;recuperar&lt;/em&gt; (with some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=undelete&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;exceptions&lt;/a&gt;), but I find those verbs to be way too generic compared to the utterly-specific &lt;strong&gt;undelete&lt;/strong&gt;. A more specific and literal translation would be something like &lt;em&gt;desborrar&lt;/em&gt;, but that word already exists (to my own surprise) and has &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CZ10ybO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;a totally unrelated meaning&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you translate &lt;strong&gt;undelete&lt;/strong&gt; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T06:48:19.397" Title="Spanish for &quot;undelete&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24243" CreationDate="2018-02-21T12:49:54.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I myself also find &lt;em&gt;recuperar&lt;/em&gt; weird, although seeing it over and over again in &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt; starts making me feel &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;reincorporar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; would fit better in this context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VmdXQcx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reincorporar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío reincorporāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Volver a incorporar, agregar o unir a un cuerpo político o moral lo que se había separado de él. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this word we are saying that a post was once &lt;em&gt;incorporado&lt;/em&gt; into the site. It was later on deleted but finally it was added again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always relate this verb to what cars do when they resume their movement into a way, but the image seems powerful enough to fit in a context of posts being deleted and undeleted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T12:49:54.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24243" CreationDate="2018-02-21T13:05:31.977" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;em&gt;restituir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WEQ4NP1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;restituir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Restablecer o poner algo en el estado que antes tenía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es exactamente deshacer un borrado pero sí volver al estado anterior, en el caso de una entrada borrada sería volver a publicarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que habría que especificar que la entrada ha sido borrada para que se entienda pero en la frase de tu ejemplo podría valer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una vez que una entrada ha sido borrada hay un periodo de gracia durante&#xA;  el cual los usuarios pueden &lt;strong&gt;restituirla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podría valer &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WOFpWlZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;revertir&lt;/a&gt; con un significado casi idéntico o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WDnalAF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;restablecer&lt;/a&gt; que está en la propia definición de &lt;em&gt;restituir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T13:19:13.233" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T13:19:13.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24243" CreationDate="2018-02-21T13:25:10.943" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los ordenadores de Windows utilizan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WEDDoZm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;restaurar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;restaurāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Recuperar o recobrar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Reparar, renovar o volver a poner algo en el estado o estimación que antes tenía.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Reparar una pintura, escultura, edificio, etc., del deterioro que ha sufrido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las acepciones 1 y 2 son compartidas con otras respuestas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T21:05:54.837" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T21:05:54.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20534" CreationDate="2018-02-21T17:12:11.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veo la palabra &lt;em&gt;bartola&lt;/em&gt; haciendo referencia a la &quot;panza&quot; en una &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=Lz5OAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=bartola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carta de 1787&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quando un hombre era soldado con ensaladas de berros se llenaba la bartola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=NvsJkvJyAmwC&amp;amp;q=bartola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;texto de 1776&lt;/a&gt; la frase &lt;em&gt;a la Bartola&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;tendido de espaldas&quot; (o sea, con la panza hacia arriba):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...yo también de aquí a un rato me ire a tender a la Bartola en mi Cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE ya no recoge esta acepción de &quot;vientre&quot; para &lt;em&gt;bartola&lt;/em&gt;. Según Corominas, ése sería el origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;a la bartola&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;perezosamente, despreocupadamente&quot;), que se habría referido a la posición supina. Según este investigador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Procede por antonomasia de Bartolo, forma abreviada de Bartolomé empleada a menudo como nombre de personajes desocupados o perezosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no he podido encontrar ninguna referencia a algún Bartolomé perezoso en cuentos tradicionales o leyendas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=42049&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este hilo&lt;/a&gt; del foro del español del Centro Virtual Cervantes se menciona la teoría de Corominas y se agrega esta otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otros autores —quizá con más fundamento— sostienen que la expresión «a la bartola» fue acuñada por los humanistas del siglo XV (más precisamente, por los integrantes del llamado humanismo jurídico). Tiene un sentido netamente peyorativo. Con la misma se hacía referencia al método de trabajo empleado por la escuela jurídica llamada de los postglosadores, cuyo máximo exponente fue Bártolo de Sassoferrato (1314-1357). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, los seguidores de Bártolo (de quien también deriva la palabra &quot;bártulos&quot;) habrían trabajado en forma despreocupada y poco metódica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo otros enlaces derivados del mismo hilo, se ve que no hay acuerdo sobre el origen, y que generalmente se prefiere el indicado en la respuesta de @Diego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T17:12:11.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2018-02-21T18:00:41.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una treta en la esgrima de espada y daga que se llama &quot;la empanada&quot;, en la cual se sujeta la hoja del contrario con ambas armas por ambos lados dejándole atontado cuando está bien realizada. Dado que muchas expresiones tienen un origen anecdótico tal vez ese sea el de esta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18853" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T18:00:41.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24243" CreationDate="2018-02-21T18:02:53.043" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Undelete:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cancel a deletion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the correct translation for &quot;delete&quot; is closer to &quot;suprimir&quot; or &quot;destruir&quot;, while &quot;borrar&quot; is closer to &quot;erase&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The connotation, etymology and use of delete is also closer to &quot;destroy&quot; and the process of recovering from destruction is &quot;restore&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we cannot say &quot;undelete&quot; is the antonym of &quot;delete&quot; : &quot;create&quot;, but to the process of going back from deletion: restoring what was deleted/destroyed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that reason I think it is correct to assume that the correct translation for &quot;undelete&quot; is &lt;strong&gt;restaurar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T01:13:09.673" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T01:13:09.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23213" CreationDate="2018-02-21T21:40:10.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otros apuntes sobre la @.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El académico italiano Giorgio Stabile descubrió una carta enviada desde Sevilla a Roma en 1536, donde se discutía la llegada a España de tres barcos que navegaban desde el Nuevo Mundo. Indicaba que se había vendido un ánfora de vino y &quot;ánfora&quot; había sido reemplazada con el símbolo @ como una abreviatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Arroba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;En los países anglosajones se le ha llamado 'at sign' y 'commercial at', pues antecedía el precio por unidad (3 books @ £20 = £60). De ahí que ocasionalmente reciba en español el nombre de 'a comercial'.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y según Keith Houston, autor de &quot;Caracteres oscuros: La vida secreta de puntuación&quot;: &quot;el símbolo @ apareció en las máquinas de escribir antes del final del siglo XIX ... formó parte de los teclados, porque era una herramienta de trabajo y tenía un uso comercial&quot;.&#xA;Y, como las máquinas de escribir lo incluían, pasó a los primeros teclados de los computadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El símbolo @ fue seleccionado por Ray Tomlinson, el padre del e-mail, entre los menos usados del teclado como separador entre el nombre del usuario, al que va dirigido el correo, y la máquina, donde está la cuenta de correo. Una decisión de segundos que convirtió al símbolo @ en la imagen de Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T21:40:10.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20046" CreationDate="2018-02-21T21:55:11.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con @Paco, computacionalmente es obtener texto claro de un texto cifrado, pero con diferencias, como apunta @EmmanuelMess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'decrypt' (desencriptar) es el descifrado de un texto &lt;strong&gt;sin el conocimiento de la clave&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'decipher' (descifrar) es la conversión de información cifrada en texto claro mediante un sistema criptográfico, &lt;strong&gt;conociendo la clave&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T23:16:28.413" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T23:16:28.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23088" CreationDate="2018-02-22T00:32:22.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundillo informático de los años 70 del siglo pasado (que viejo me siento) se comentaba que ante un error detectado en el software del equipo de un grande de la época alguien, de marketing supongo, sugirió: 'this is not a bug, it's a feature'. Y así se quedo, no era un &lt;strong&gt;fallo&lt;/strong&gt;, era una &lt;strong&gt;característica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T00:32:22.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22780" CreationDate="2018-02-22T00:38:49.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las primitivas mochilas iban conectadas por puertos RS232.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo registrado también el uso de &lt;em&gt;dongle&lt;/em&gt; para los dispositivos hardware portátiles que se conectan a un ordenador para ampliar las funciones del equipo, tanto de memoria de almacenamiento externo como de conexión a internet u otros dispositivos. (No me pidáis la referencia porque no la tengo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T08:55:56.543" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T08:55:56.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21060" CreationDate="2018-02-22T00:52:04.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien dice @pablopez buscar en un diccionario &lt;strong&gt;no técnico&lt;/strong&gt; ofrece más problemas que soluciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de &lt;em&gt;pool&lt;/em&gt; es el de una combinación de recursos independientes en un único grupo lógico, por lo que traducciones como &lt;strong&gt;grupo o conjunto&lt;/strong&gt; serían totalmente válidas para su uso informático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;glosario técnico centrado en la informática&lt;/a&gt; te ofrezco el del enlace (espero no haber violado alguna regla de este sitio por enviarte a mi glosario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18789" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T08:56:50.657" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T08:56:50.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20019" CreationDate="2018-02-22T01:02:56.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra posible traducción es 'apaño'. Una solución improvisada y mediocre a un problema. Un truco poco sofisticado y temporal para corregir un problema imprevisto. &#xA;En la jerga informática se supone que es un acrónimo de &quot;klumsy, lame, ugly, dumb, but good enough&quot; (torpe, cojo, feo, tonto, pero suficientemente bueno).'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T01:02:56.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19600" CreationDate="2018-02-22T01:08:25.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Que tal &lt;strong&gt;ardid, artificio o explotar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;exploit&lt;/em&gt; es un método para romper un programa o acceder ilegalmente a ordenadores, aprovechando un fallo de seguridad -una vulnerabilidad- existente en un determinado protocolo de comunicaciones, sistema operativo, o herramienta informática. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explotamos un fallo, empleamos un ardid o un artificio para entrar en una red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T01:08:25.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19229" CreationDate="2018-02-22T01:24:13.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tipo camello&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;notación camello&lt;/strong&gt; creo que son las que menos duelen a la vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otras notaciones camello que no se han comentado, pero que existen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;lowerCamelCase&lt;/em&gt;. (tipo camello inferior) Notación camello cuando la primera letra está escrita en minúscula&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;UpperCamelCase&lt;/em&gt;. (tipo camello superior) Notación camello cuando la primera letra está escrita en mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si no estoy muy despistado, todo esto viene de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tugurium.com/gti/termino.php?Tr=Hungarian%20notation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hungarian notation&lt;/em&gt; o notación húngara&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Convención linguística consistente en anteponer al nombre de la variable, función o estructura de datos, un prefijo que indica su tipo y ámbito de aplicación. La notación proviene de la tesis doctoral de Charles Simonyi, «Meta-Programming: A Software Production Method», que la desarrolló como una manera de evitar los errores que se producen en programación al manipular variables de tipos incompatibles. Con esta notación el nombre de la variables recuerda sus posibilidades de uso. La leyenda dice que el nombre proviene del extraño resultado de anteponer a las variables una serie de letras, la mayoría consonantes, y dado que el autor es húngaro y recordando la Notación Polaca, surgió el nombre de Notación Húngara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-28T08:08:13.353" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T08:08:13.353" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-22T06:15:38.097" Score="5" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KVJRa0j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hirsuto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho del pelo: Disperso y duro.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Cubierto de pelo hirsuto o de púas o espinas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. De carácter áspero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería su antónimo - si es que lo hay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inicialmente pensé en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MrDpZ4v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lampiño&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un hombre adulto: Que no tiene barba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que tiene poco pelo o vello.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero viendo la definición no parecen ser exactamente antónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18465" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user18465" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T17:32:23.777" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T17:32:23.777" Title="¿Cuál es el antónimo de &quot;hirsuto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20985" CreationDate="2018-02-22T09:08:34.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿por que no &lt;strong&gt;sintaxis endulzada&lt;/strong&gt;? Ya se que los edulcorantes se llevan mucho en la actualidad, pero es cambiar azúcar por un elemento más artificial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a lo de formato embellecido me recuerda al &lt;em&gt;prettyprint&lt;/em&gt;, el formato elegante, que también ayuda a la lectura, aunque no añade elementos opcionales a la sintaxis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T09:08:34.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2018-02-22T09:16:53.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los entrenamientos para situaciones de desastre se denominan &lt;em&gt;mock disaster&lt;/em&gt; que se podría traducir como &lt;strong&gt;desastre fingido&lt;/strong&gt;. Es un ejercicio que simula una situación imprevista. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Maqueta&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;simulación&lt;/strong&gt;? No sé con qué quedarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T10:10:25.960" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T10:10:25.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19582" CreationDate="2018-02-22T09:23:57.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he encontrado con &lt;em&gt;sanitize&lt;/em&gt; en el contexto de almacenamiento de datos con dos sentidos hasta cierto punto parecidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Borrar datos sensibles de un archivo, dispositivo o sistema. Se realiza con el fin de poder desclasificar por completo los datos o reducir a un menor nivel de seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Proceso para eliminar información de los soportes de tal forma que la recuperación de los datos no sea posible. Incluye la eliminación de todas las etiquetas, marcas y registros de actividad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primero quedan datos, en el segundo desaparece todo. Ambos casos los he traducido como &lt;strong&gt;desinfectar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-22T10:11:34.497" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T10:11:34.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2018-02-22T09:26:39.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Build&lt;/em&gt; es una &lt;strong&gt;construcción&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;prototipo&lt;/strong&gt;. Se refiere a una versión operativa de un producto software que incorpora un subconjunto de las funciones que se incluirán en el producto final. Generalmente se identifica por un número de compilación, en lugar de por un número de versión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T09:26:39.670" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2018-02-22T14:09:19.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con una imagen de fondo y tres o cuatro titulares, podemos hacer un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;boceto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bosquejo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) de cómo quedaría la portada de la revista &lt;em&gt;LIFE&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5jB61Ln&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;boceto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Proyecto o apunte general previo a la ejecución de una obra artística.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esquema o proyecto en que se bosqueja cualquier obra. El boceto de un libro, de una ley.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Exposición sucinta de los rasgos principales de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5xN94f7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bosquejo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Traza primera y no definitiva de una obra pictórica, y en general de cualquier creación intelectual o artística.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguna vez lo he usado y creo que cuadra bastante bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T14:09:19.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19582" CreationDate="2018-02-22T15:49:36.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término que yo he usado en mi carrera en Informática en México es &lt;em&gt;Depurar&lt;/em&gt;. Ejemplo: Esos datos no han sido depurados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando trabajaba en Calzado Canadá, el proceso de datos de Producción consistía en 3 fases: Captura, Depuración, y Proceso. La fase de Depuración era una especie de proceso híbrido por el cual los datos capturados se verificaban contra otras bases de datos antes de incorporarse a las bases definitivas, ya que estos procesos se hacian en tiempo real, y la fase de Depuración tenia por objetivo reducir en la medida de lo posible la contaminación de las bases principales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T15:49:36.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1615" CreationDate="2018-02-22T20:11:38.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se suele aplicar &lt;em&gt;verbose&lt;/em&gt; a los métodos de presentación donde se relaciona mayor información y más detallada que en un informe normal.&#xA;En este caso podríamos traducirlo como &lt;strong&gt;detallado&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;pormenorizado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T20:11:38.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8503" CreationDate="2018-02-22T20:47:13.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo he visto en redes (topologías en estrella) como &lt;strong&gt;canal de retorno&lt;/strong&gt;. No se si en el entorno de la pregunta sería utilizable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T20:47:13.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24259" CreationDate="2018-02-22T23:45:19.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sentido 2: En México, por lo menos, se diría &lt;strong&gt;pelón&lt;/strong&gt;.  También hay términos más universales: &lt;strong&gt;calvo, glabro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T23:45:19.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-23T07:38:25.843" Score="3" ViewCount="594" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think I can do uvular trill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trying to do alveolar trill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can't distinguish what sounds right and what feels right, so having trouble using these metrics as useful feedback to determine progress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I test if I'm actually doing an alveolar trill?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elaboration:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there's countless posts about pronouncing the rolled R or alveolar trill, and I've watched many videos and read much advice – but I haven't found anything specifically providing a test to help one determine if they are indeed correctly performing the alveolar trill. There's advice on how to do it, but I can't find any advice on how to evaluate success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my particular case, it would be immensely helpful to have a mechanism by which to differentiate whether I'm performing an uvular trill or indeed actually performing an alveolar trill, which is my goal.  I've listened to audio and can't hear whether the sounds I'm making are correct or not based on comparison with correct audio of the alveolar trill, as it sounds like it could be correct but just needs improvement or perhaps it's subtly wrong; and if I can't tell the difference this doesn't necessarily mean it is indeed correct, since I can do it consciously wrong as an uvular trill and similarly not hear a difference I'd be able to distinguish as uvular if I hadn't known I was doing an uvular trill.  In terms of sensation, the consciously performed uvular trill has a distinct feeling flapping/vibrating in the back of my throat, kind of like gargling.  When I attempt the alveolar trill, I keep my tongue loose and I can feel it vibrating in the location I believe is correct based on my research, and I hear a trill-esque sound, but I can't tell if it's the same sound as from the uvular trill, perhaps somewhat muffled by my tongue, and that the new sensation is of my tongue vibrating a bit from the air – and also making a slight S sound in the process – but such that it's merely coincident with the old source of the trill and not actually a new source of the trill noise – that is, I'm just doing an uvular trill again but with my tongue in a different place (which I know I &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; do by rigidly placing my tongue against the roof of my mouth and doing the uvular trill).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there some test I could perform to definitely determine if I'm performing an alveolar trill correctly&lt;/strong&gt;, short of installing a camera in my mouth? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18863" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T08:47:43.383" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T05:26:01.617" Title="&quot;R&quot; pronunciation: how do I determine if I'm performing an alveolar or uvular trill?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2018-02-24T11:53:38.477" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24259" CreationDate="2018-02-23T08:03:44.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tanto para la primera definición como para la segunda, un posible antónimo podría ser &lt;strong&gt;aterciopelado&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4DPZFCI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aterciopelado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Semejante al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZXRDTdE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;terciopelo&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. De finura y suavidad comparables a las del terciopelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde el pelo hirsuto es &quot;disperso y duro&quot;, el terciopelo es velloso y tupido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Donde lo hirsuto está cubierto de pelo disperso, duro y/o punzante, lo aterciopelado está cubierto de pelo tupido y suave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También valdría una que se usó &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22413/translation-golf-xix-moominland-midwinter&quot;&gt;en un Translation Golf&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0wnTOYu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;afelpado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Parecido a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjFs13g%7CHjGPwoF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;felpa&lt;/a&gt; por tener vello o pelusilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/?search_type=&amp;amp;search_scope=&amp;amp;q=pelo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscamos en DIRAE por &quot;pelo&quot;&lt;/a&gt; podemos encontrar alguna otra candidata, como por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=charraludo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;charraludo, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Nic. Dicho de una persona: Que tiene el pelo tupido, largo y enredado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque muchas son acepciones regionales poco extendidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T08:03:44.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24259" CreationDate="2018-02-23T13:36:26.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo la misma dirección de walen, me parece que ésta palabra es bastante adecuada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XRbJ4bG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sedoso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Parecido a la seda o suave como ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, tener el &lt;em&gt;pelo sedoso&lt;/em&gt; es algo que muy frecuentemente se dice en publicidad de champús (al menos en mi país). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo la duda de si se puede usar con otros animales u objetos aparte del cabelllo humano, como &lt;em&gt;abrigo sedoso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;barba sedosa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;animal sedoso&lt;/em&gt;. En estos casos me suenan mejor los ya mencionados &lt;em&gt;afelpado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;aterciopelado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T13:36:26.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24269" CreationDate="2018-02-23T17:24:14.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;go to google translate, &#xA;write a word in Spanish starting with R or a word with RR &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;examples :&#xA;Raton, &#xA;Perro, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hear the sound, &#xA;say it recording yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can't have a similar sound, it has to be the same sound, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in general Spanish does not use Uvular pronunciation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to know you are doing it correctly?&#xA;you will feel that you are talking with the front of your mouth and not the back of your mouth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there's no other mechanism than hearing yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you should also practice simple Syllables, mostly the alveolar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DA,&#xA;LA,&#xA;RA,&#xA;SA,&#xA;TA,&#xA;XA,&#xA;ZA,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BRA,CRA,FRA,GRA,PRA,TRA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T17:31:04.253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T17:31:04.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-23T19:10:48.983" Score="4" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;Motivation for the question: Let's say my son is describing to me something that was said at school, and I'm finding it hard to figure out whether it was said by some adults or by some students.  (Children's descriptions of things that happened at school can be a bit hard to follow sometimes.)  I ask &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espera, ¿quienes dijeron eso, los muchachos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes at this point he gets hung up on gender, thinking that I'm trying to make a distinction about boys vs. girls.  I've explained to him that terms like &quot;los papás,&quot; &quot;los padres de familia,&quot; and &quot;los muchachos&quot; encompass both genders unless the context suggests otherwise.  In other words, in Spanish one assumes that these terms include a mix of both genders.  But I would like to understand better the boundaries of this assumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How far does this assumption go?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the assumption ever extend to the singular, as in English?  (For example, &quot;He who hesitates is lost&quot; and &quot;When a party enters into a rental agreement with a tenant, he has certain rights and responsibilities&quot; apply just as much to women as to men.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit -- clarification:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not asking about how to express myself. (I believe I explained my thinking about that in the question, and it aligns with what you wrote.) And I'm certainly not asking about translating. I'm asking about how the meaning is taken in various contexts upon hearing (1) the masculine plural in a general (ambiguous) context; and (2) the masculine singular.  Regarding the latter, obviously in aphorisms (&lt;em&gt;dichos&lt;/em&gt;), the masculine singular is taken to represent humankind.  But what about conversational remarks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;In short, how far does the unisex assumption extend (when listening to, or reading, an utterance in an informal context)?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T22:38:56.153" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T22:38:56.153" Title="How is gender ambiguity handled by native speakers?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24273" CreationDate="2018-02-23T19:38:14.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you were to ask &quot;Quienes dijeron eso, tus compañeros?&quot; it would refer to class-mates of all genders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is generally assumed that if you use the 'male' gender it can also encompass the 'female' gender as well - but sometimes gender as a whole is omitted. For example - &quot;He who hesitates is lost&quot; or &quot;El que hesita, pierde&quot; or even &quot;Quien Hesita, pierde.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in both examples it would apply to the female gender. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you make a male gender plural, I think that's enough 'amigo' vs 'amigos', 'el' vs 'ellos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18868" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T19:38:14.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2018-02-23T20:39:29.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both expressions are responses to &quot;thank you&quot; that diminish the importance of the thing given. &quot;De nada&quot; means you're thanking me for nothing. &quot;No hay de que&quot; literally means &quot;there is nothing for which&quot; (in other words, there is nothing for which to thank me.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rough equivalent in English is &quot;you're welcome.&quot; Even though English takes a different tack from Spanish (and French). Rather than diminish the thing given, English indicates that you're thanking someone for something you were always welcome to have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the two expressions, &quot;de nada&quot; is less formal and what you'd expect to hear among friends and family members. &quot;No hay de que&quot; is slightly more formal and you'd expect to hear it when thanking someone in a professional context, although &quot;de nada&quot; could be used there as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18869" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T20:39:29.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24273" CreationDate="2018-02-23T21:02:59.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the case you are talking about a group of people that includes both males and females you should always use masculine form same as if the group would be of only males.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use the female from only if the group is formed by only female members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is part of what the RAE has said about it. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/los-ciudadanos-y-las-ciudadanas-los-ninos-y-las-ninas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso genérico del masculino se basa en su condición de término no&#xA;  marcado en la oposición masculino/femenino. Por ello, es incorrecto&#xA;  emplear el femenino para aludir conjuntamente a ambos sexos, con&#xA;  independencia del número de individuos de cada sexo que formen parte&#xA;  del conjunto. Así, los alumnos es la única forma correcta de referirse&#xA;  a un grupo mixto, aunque el número de alumnas sea superior al de&#xA;  alumnos varones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in short if the group contains people from both genders, it is incorrect to use the feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There should be no gray areas here. According to the RAE reference it is not dependent of the number of individuals of each gender so if there is a group of 99 females plus 1 male you should refer to that group using the masculine form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has given origen to many many many feminist/anti-feminist discussions but luckily this stack is only about language. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your examples for the singular they are exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He who hesitates is lost = &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; que duda pierde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and even if you say &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the one&lt;/strong&gt; who hesitates is lost&lt;/em&gt; the translation could be the same using the male form. The neutral alternative &lt;em&gt;quien duda pierde&lt;/em&gt; could not be generally valid for all cases of casual conversation in the same way as in  English you don't use that often &quot;the one&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your edit: I always assume &quot;unisex context&quot; when I hear these kind of sentences because, one, that is my culture as a native Colombian, and two, it is the rule of the language as seen on the RAE reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T23:20:12.917" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T23:20:12.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24273" CreationDate="2018-02-24T00:52:24.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How far does this assumption go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, it depends on one's point of view.  Clearly in &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; head the distinction is &lt;em&gt;adultos&lt;sub&gt;(m./f.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;niños&lt;sub&gt;(m./f.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but in his head he for some reason in his mind he's wanting to distinguish &lt;em&gt;niños&lt;sub&gt;(m.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;niñas&lt;sub&gt;(f.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, as a speaker you cannot force the listener the interpret a masculine noun as &lt;em&gt;necessarily&lt;/em&gt; inclusive of both genders.  As one of the other answers points out, despite the common thinking that the two genders in Spanish are &lt;em&gt;masculine&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt;, it's actually &lt;em&gt;unmarked&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;feminine&lt;/em&gt; which is a result of how Indo-european evolved gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, &lt;em&gt;muchachas&lt;/em&gt; is feminine &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;muchachos&lt;/em&gt; is masculine &lt;em&gt;only in contrast&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;muchachas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does the assumption ever extend to the singular, as in English? (For example, &quot;He who hesitates is lost&quot; and &quot;When a party enters into a rental agreement with a tenant, he has certain rights and responsibilities&quot; apply just as much to women as to men.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, absolutely.  Going back to the previous statement, we can also say that  &lt;em&gt;muchacha&lt;/em&gt; is feminine &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;muchacho&lt;/em&gt; is masculine &lt;em&gt;only in contrast&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;muchacha&lt;/em&gt;, and otherwise is what's known as &lt;em&gt;unmarked&lt;/em&gt;, that is, it holds no actual gender information, despite us normally saying it's in the masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus you might say &quot;Necesito un médico&quot;, but you don't actually care whether it's a guy or a girl.  But if you say &quot;Necesito una médica&quot;, you'd be actually specifying a female doctor.  You cannot specify you want a male doctor merely by modifying &lt;em&gt;médico&lt;/em&gt;, you'd need to add on something like &lt;em&gt;y no una médica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases, however, there are epicene nouns that are used instead, for example, &quot;una parte&quot; for contracts, which obviates the need to worry about gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T00:52:24.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24280" CreationDate="2018-02-24T01:20:50.033" Score="2" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/a%20lo%20mejor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt; translates &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;maybe, indicating possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it neutral? Can it express the possibility both of a &lt;em&gt;positive&lt;/em&gt; and of a &lt;em&gt;negative&lt;/em&gt; result?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My dog is sick, maybe it will be fine tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi perro está enfermo, a lo mejor estará bien mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am asking because the word-by-word translation (&lt;em&gt;to the best&lt;/em&gt;) may suggest that you hope for a &lt;em&gt;positive&lt;/em&gt; result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following sentence sounds somehow strange to me in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My dog is sick, maybe it will die.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi perro está enfermo, a lo mejor morirá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I would expect rather something as &lt;em&gt;a lo peor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is the &lt;em&gt;lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; still perceived as &lt;em&gt;the best&lt;/em&gt; in the phrase &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; by native speakers, or has it been fixed as a set phrase with the neutral meaning &lt;em&gt;maybe&lt;/em&gt; and detached from the original meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T02:55:54.020" Title="Is &quot;a lo mejor&quot; neutral (not necessarily only towards a positive result) in the meaning of &quot;maybe&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8492" CreationDate="2018-02-24T01:55:12.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muy nuevo no es el término &lt;strong&gt;bootstrap&lt;/strong&gt;, los ordenadores de los años 60/70 disponían de un &lt;strong&gt;cargador&lt;/strong&gt;. Los cargadores más primitivos que llegué a conocer no eran sino una rutina que estaba en la memoria del ordenador y cuyas primeras instrucciones hacían que el ordenador leyera desde un dispositivo de entrada el resto de la rutina que iniciaba la carga del sistema operativo. Esas primeras instrucciones de metían desde la consola, estableciendo como dirección siguiente a ejecutar la dirección en memoria donde residía el cargador, y lanzando su ejecución. Y la consola no era una pantalla, era un panel lleno de luces, pulsadores y diales. Todo muy cómodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sí, el término 'bootstrap' significa 'calzador' (en un diccionario escolar). Se atribuye su origen a una de las historias del Baron Munchausen, que se jactaba de haberse salvado de su caída en un pantano tirando de los calzadores de sus botas, para llevarse a sí mismo a tierra firme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T01:55:12.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24278" CreationDate="2018-02-24T02:49:17.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;a lo mejor&quot; is a colloquial equivalent of &quot;tal vez&quot; or &quot;acaso&quot; or &quot;quizá(s),&quot; and you are right that it is used when some positive or softening comment is introduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We may need subjunctive with &quot;a lo mejor&quot;, as is the case with your first sentence above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi perro está enfermo. A lo mejor &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; bien mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;a lo peor&quot; does not exist in the language. We do have &quot;en el peor de los casos&quot; (in the worst case scenario), as we do &quot;en el mejor de los casos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use &quot;en el peor de los casos&quot; for your second sentence above because it wouldn't make sense with death. We'd use this expression to refer to something negative which can be tackled with some chances of success, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi perro está enfermo. &lt;strong&gt;En el peor de los casos&lt;/strong&gt; tendré que internarlo. (In the worst case scenario, I'll have to take it to a veterinary hospital.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &quot;a lo mejor&quot; can also be used for neutral meanings. In this case, we don't express wish (which calls for subjunctive) but probability (allowing for indicative):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mi perro está enfermo. &lt;strong&gt;A lo mejor&lt;/strong&gt; se intoxicó (perhaps it got poisoned).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-02-24T02:55:54.020" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T02:55:54.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24281" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-24T03:59:02.013" Score="1" ViewCount="4358" Body="&lt;p&gt;My teachers says that &quot;debe&quot; means must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is that does &quot;debe&quot; always mean &quot;should&quot;, I thought it only meant &quot;must&quot; and that &quot;debería&quot; meant &quot;should.&quot; Is what my teacher said correct or should she have used &quot;debería&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-02-25T16:33:57.067" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T16:33:57.067" Title="&quot;Debe&quot; o &quot;debería&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-02-25T19:07:24.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24269" CreationDate="2018-02-24T05:26:01.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I listened to your recordings, and looked up what the terms mean -- I read at &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/pronunciation-r-alveolar-trill-vs-uvular-trill.1227804/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/pronunciation-r-alveolar-trill-vs-uvular-trill.1227804/&lt;/a&gt; that uvular is in the back, like in French and German and alveolar is in the front, like in Spanish.  I will now fearlessly make a stab at an answer.  I've come up with two questions to ask yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you pronounce the RR in a word, does it sound like someone talking Spanish, or German?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Can you relax your jaw and trill steadily for at least four seconds? (Without any fading in and out.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus extra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suggestion: can you try the following?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;relax your jaw -- i.e. let the lower jaw drop down a little lower (let it go slack)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;let your tongue come forward toward the back of the teeth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in between rolls, take a nice relaxed, slow breath -- really take your time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;practice the RR in the context of vowels, especially the A, since it involves dropping the lower jaw: &lt;em&gt;barra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made an interesting observation when I experimented with seeing for how many seconds I could keep up the trill.  I tried reducing the amount of air flowing out of my mouth while trilling.  Of course, the less air coming out, the longer I could keep it going.  But here's the interesting part.  If I reduced the air too much, the trill sputtered out like an outboard motor running out of gas.  If I increased the air I was able to rekindle the trill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T05:26:01.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24284" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26404" CreationDate="2018-02-24T13:31:57.680" Score="4" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I've understood correctly, Spanish phonology underwent this change from Latin with respect to the sound &lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;⟨x⟩ /ks/  →  ⟨x⟩ /ʃ/  →  ⟨x⟩ /ʃ/ ↘  &#xA;                                 ⟨j⟩ /x/&#xA;    ...  →  ⟨j⟩ /ʒ/  →  ⟨j⟩ /ʃ/ ↗ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are a number of Spanish words that are spelled with an &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;, and pronounced as &lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt; (realised as &lt;code&gt;[ks]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[gs]&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;[s]&lt;/code&gt;, depending on context and register):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exacto&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXACTUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)    vs &lt;em&gt;fijar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;FIXUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exento&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXEMPTUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)   vs &lt;em&gt;ejercicio&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXERCITIUM&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exhibir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXIBERE&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)    vs &lt;em&gt;mejilla&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;MAXILLA&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exhortar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXHORTARI&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) vs &lt;em&gt;lejos&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;LAXIUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exultar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;EXSULTO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)    vs &lt;em&gt;lujuria&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;LUXUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; words even have doublets spelled and pronounced as &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/x/&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;TEXERE&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;textil, texto, textura        | tejer, tejido&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;LAXARE&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;laxitud, laxante           | dejar, dejadez&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;COXINUM&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;coxal                   | cojín&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ANNEXUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;anexo, anexar, anexionar | anejo, anejar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;PROXIMUS&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;em&gt;próximo                | prójimo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine these words might have retained the &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; spelling due to very popular use, or them being borrowed as learned Latin words and not 'naturally' inherited into the language (e.g. &lt;em&gt;axón&lt;/em&gt;), but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why (and when) did these words retain (or regain) their &lt;code&gt;/ks/&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;pronunciation&lt;/strong&gt; when in most similar words it was lost? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VAzIqcTqe54C&amp;amp;pg=PA190&amp;amp;dq=spanish+when+did+x+represent+&amp;quot;ks&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Vocabulary: An Etymological Approach&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, David Brodsky&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-30T10:24:25.120" LastActivityDate="2020-03-30T10:24:25.120" Title="When did &quot;x&quot; start representing /ks/ in Spanish again?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24281" CreationDate="2018-02-24T15:41:28.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your confusion comes from two different forms of deber: &lt;code&gt;deber&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;deber de&lt;/code&gt;, which are NOT the same. I see very surprising how nobody has highlighted this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The conditional (debería) is used for advice and it is equivalent to &quot;should&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;code&gt;&quot;I should go&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;(yo) debería ir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is easy to remember, so let's go to the key part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Deber&quot; (non conditional) is used for compulsory duties, and it is equivalent to &quot;must&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:  &lt;code&gt;&quot;I must go&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;(yo) debo ir&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However&lt;/strong&gt;, there is a &quot;phrase&quot; that changes its meaning. When it is &quot;deber de&quot;, it means &quot;possibility&quot; instead of duty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Deber de&quot; indicates possibility/probability. It is different than just &quot;deber&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is probably the in the podium of the most commited mistakes in oral speech (sharing positions with &quot;leísmo&quot;, &quot;laísmo&quot;, or the imperative of &quot;vosotros&quot;, haha).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;deber de&quot;, it denotes possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;code&gt;Debe de haber 10 personas&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;It must be 10 people&quot;, in the sense that &quot;It is probable that there are about 10 people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Debe ser grande&quot;&lt;/code&gt; = It MUST be big&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Debe de ser grande&quot;&lt;/code&gt; = It is probably big.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be sometimes hard to decide, but most examples are clear enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, since this is a very common mistake, I just wanted to highlight it and point it out. If this wasn't yoru confusion, tell us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T15:41:28.467" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24281" CreationDate="2018-02-24T22:01:16.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My teacher says that &quot;debe&quot; means &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is, does &quot;debe&quot; also mean &quot;should&quot;? I thought it&#xA;  only meant &quot;must&quot; and that &quot;debería&quot; meant &quot;should.&quot; Is what my&#xA;  teacher said correct or should she have used &quot;debería&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, &quot;debe&quot; also means &quot;should.&quot;  You can see in WordReference.com that &lt;strong&gt;deber&lt;/strong&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;have to, must, oblige [somebody] to, should&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What your teacher wrote was fine.  Her explanation of the verb &quot;deber&quot; was perhaps an oversimplification.  I will encourage you to find a dictionary you like and make it your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, there is often not a perfect one-to-one match between words of different languages.  &quot;Should&quot; can be translated as both &quot;debe&quot; and &quot;debería&quot;, depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a simplified way of thinking about the choice of &lt;em&gt;debe/debería&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;debería&lt;/em&gt; often has more of an &quot;ought to&quot; feel than &lt;em&gt;debe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T22:01:16.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-25T03:57:41.360" Score="2" ViewCount="1050" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de las acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QzRk6op&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oler&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Conocer o &lt;strong&gt;adivinar algo que se juzgaba oculto&lt;/strong&gt;, barruntarlo. U. m. c. prnl. Me &lt;em&gt;huelo&lt;/em&gt; que no vendrá a la boda. U. t. c. intr. Me &lt;em&gt;huele&lt;/em&gt; que será niña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quizá porque una señal &amp;quot;olfativa&amp;quot; o un olor sea menos evidente que algo que podemos ver u oír (comparemos &amp;quot;Me &lt;em&gt;huelo&lt;/em&gt; que no vendrá a la boda&amp;quot; con &amp;quot;Veo que no vendrá a la boda&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;ya he oído que no vendrá a la boda&amp;quot;. Pareciera que lo que podemos percibir por vista u oído sea más evidente que lo perceptible a través del sentido del olfato).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay además una locución adverbial (un coloquialismo o expresión) que es &lt;code&gt;olerse la tostada&lt;/code&gt;. En el DRAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a9nyhxW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;explican&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;olerse la tostada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Adivinar o descubrir algo oculto, como una artimaña, una trampa, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &amp;quot;olerse la tostada&amp;quot;? Es decir ¿Hay alguna cita o pasaje literario famosos en el que se relaciones un &amp;quot;olerse la tostada&amp;quot; (literal) con descubrir algo? ¿Hay alguna razón en especial para que sea una &amp;quot;tostada&amp;quot; en lugar de otra cosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna de las acepciones del DRAE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a9nyhxW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tostada&lt;/a&gt; lleva a pensar que pueda ser algo que se pretende ocultar o algo llamativo, que favoreciese esa expresión de &amp;quot;olerse la tostada&amp;quot; frente a otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T12:33:16.877" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;olerse la tostada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24289" CreationDate="2018-02-25T04:29:27.070" Score="5" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pronouns are attached to the end of the conjugated verb in affirmative imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vete (you leave)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vayámonos (Let's leave)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in negative imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No os vayais (you don't leave)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No lo toques (you don't touch it)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't negative imperative &lt;em&gt;no vayaisos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;no toqueslo&lt;/em&gt;? That looks quite different from affirmative imperative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-02-26T05:45:11.000" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T05:45:11.000" Title="Why aren't pronouns placed the same as affirmative imperative in negative imperative?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24288" CreationDate="2018-02-25T06:38:40.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In older forms of Iberian languages, the norm was to employ enclitic pronouns with all verb forms, but with an exception: certain classes of words would draw the pronoun(s) to the front causing proclisis (these are called &lt;em&gt;attractors&lt;/em&gt;, to borrow the Portuguese terminology)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the classes varied from language to language, one universal was negative adverbs.  Thus you'd have &lt;em&gt;compráronnoslos&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;no nos lo compraron&lt;/em&gt;. Eventually in Spanish, for whatever reason, the proclitic position became the default. Commands, for some reason, were the exception, still using enclisis (hence &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;envíenmelo&lt;/em&gt;)... except in the negative which obliged proclisis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, the commands in Spanish (and, afaik, all the Iberian languages regardless the default position elsewhere) use enclitic pronouns for affirmative commands, and proclitic pronouns for negative ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T06:38:40.373" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24287" CreationDate="2018-02-25T12:33:16.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es una respuesta rigurosa, pero yo siempre he pensado que se debe al propio olor de las tostadas, de forma literal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a que una rodaja de pan no desprende olor hasta que comienza a tostarse. Entonces me evoca la típica escena de anuncio de comida, en la que una persona de la pareja se está haciendo un desayuno a escondidas, pero no puede ocultar el agradable aroma de la comida que está haciendo. Podría ser solo eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T12:33:16.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24293" CreationDate="2018-02-26T09:35:37.350" Score="3" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo si o por qué es correcto utilizar la forma &lt;code&gt;ficticias&lt;/code&gt; del adjetivo &lt;code&gt;ficticio&lt;/code&gt; en la siguiente oración, dado que ni &lt;code&gt;el nombre&lt;/code&gt; ni &lt;code&gt;una apariencia&lt;/code&gt; son sustantivos &lt;strong&gt;plurales&lt;/strong&gt; de género feminino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uno se ve obligado a ocultar su verdadera identidad y a utlizar un&#xA;  nombre y una apariencia &lt;strong&gt;ficticias&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, se usa la forma plural genérica cuando hay sustantivos de dos géneros, ¿no? Tengo mis dudas en este caso porque es una frase que apareció en un libro publicado por un editorial de renombre. ¿Podría alguien aclarármelo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6962" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T20:46:23.293" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:46:23.293" Title="Concordancia del adjetivo con sustantivos de géneros/números desiguales" Tags="&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24292" CreationDate="2018-02-26T09:42:51.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;apariencia&quot; es femenino (LA apariencia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todos modos, la regla dice que, en caso de géneros diferentes, la concordancia debe ser en masculino y en plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.2. Adjetivo pospuesto a varios sustantivos. Cuando un adjetivo califica a dos o más sustantivos coordinados y va pospuesto a ellos, lo más recomendable es que el adjetivo vaya en plural y en masculino, si los sustantivos son de distinto género: «Tiene el pelo y la barba enmarañados» (Matos Noche [Cuba 2002]); «Apareció [...] vestida con traje y mantilla blancos» (Hernández Secreter [Esp. 1995]). Si concordase solo con el último de los sustantivos, se generarían casos de ambigüedad, pues podría interpretarse que el adjetivo únicamente se refiere al más cercano: vestida con traje y mantilla blanca (¿el traje y la mantilla son blancos, o solo es blanca la mantilla?). No obstante, cuando los sustantivos coordinados se conciben como una unidad, de la que cada uno de ellos designa un aspecto parcial, el adjetivo puede concordar en género y número con el más próximo: «La gente de origen y habla francesa predomina en la provincia de Quebec» (Tiempo [Col.] 1.7.98). (Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, lo correcto sería decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uno se ve obligado a ocultar su verdadera identidad y a utlizar un nombre y una apariencia &lt;strong&gt;ficticios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T09:42:51.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24294" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24297" CreationDate="2018-02-26T09:59:11.570" Score="8" ViewCount="907" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't understand why people use &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; (present) to say &quot;let's go&quot;, but not &quot;vayamos&quot; (imperative/subj. present).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a special reason to use &quot;vamos&quot; (vámonos) instead of &quot;vayamos&quot; (vayámonos) to say &quot;let's go&quot; (let's leave)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:53:55.107" Title="Why is &quot;vamos&quot; used for command but not the imperative &quot;vayamos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2018-03-01T08:27:54.377" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24295" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-26T12:02:07.053" Score="3" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish saying that means &quot;to stay true to one's conscience&quot;? For example, the sentence I want to put it in is &quot;Las protagonistas tienen que desobedecer para sobrevivir y [to stay true to their conscience]&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:48:59.060" Title="Is there a Spanish saying that means &quot;to stay true to one's conscience&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24294" CreationDate="2018-02-26T12:18:04.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This passage from &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qF8kh8sgID6Ifqj7vG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; explains why &quot;vamos&quot; is used as an alternative of &quot;vayamos&quot; for imperative, first person plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La forma &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; es hoy la primera persona del plural del presente de indicativo: «Laureano y yo nos vamos al jardín» (Gallego Adelaida [Esp. 1990]); pero en el español medieval y clásico era, alternando con &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, forma de primera persona del plural del presente de subjuntivo: «Si vos queréys que vamos juntos, pongámoslo, luego, por obra» (Daza Antojos [Esp. 1623]). Como resto de su antiguo valor de subjuntivo, la forma &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; se emplea, con más frecuencia que &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, con finalidad exhortativa: «Vamos, Johnny, vamos a casa que es tarde» (Cortázar Reunión [Arg. 1983]); la forma de subjuntivo &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, con este sentido, ha quedado casi relegada a la lengua literaria: «Vayámonos de aquí» (Amestoy Durango [Esp. 1989]). Lo que no debe hacerse en ningún caso es emplear hoy la forma &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, en contextos que exigen subjuntivo y sin que exista, en el enunciado, intención exhortativa: «Tenemos una excelente relación [...]. Pero no es que vamos juntos para el cine» (Universal [Ven.] 3.9.96); debió decirse &lt;em&gt;no es que vayamos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main reason is that it is a vestige of some medieval use. It is worth noting that, while &quot;vamos&quot; is validly used for imperative, it is wrong to use it as subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dale, vamos juntos al cine (= Dale, vayamos juntos al cine): CORRECT&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No es que vamos juntos para el cine (better: No es que &lt;strong&gt;vayamos&lt;/strong&gt; juntos al cine)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T12:18:04.057" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24294" CreationDate="2018-02-26T12:28:25.320" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, it appears as if the RAE does not include first person plural in the conjugation of the imperative (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugation of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, click on the blue button &quot;conjugar&quot;), so when we are using &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; it is not actually an imperative form, but the subjunctive used with an &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/exhortative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;exhortative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is, why use the imperative form &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; instead of the correct  subjunctive form &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, according to the &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=ir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ir, point 2&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The form &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; is, nowadays, the first person plural of the present&#xA;  indicative. [...] However, in medieval and classical Spanish it was, as well&#xA;  as &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, the form of the first person plural of the present&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a vestige of its former meaning, the form &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; is still used with an &lt;strong&gt;exhortative&lt;/strong&gt; aim more often than &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;. [...] As a matter of&#xA;  fact, the form &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt;, with that meaning, has been almost relegated&#xA;  to mere literary discourse. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: To sum up, in medieval Spanish both &lt;em&gt;vamos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vayamos&lt;/em&gt; were valid forms for the subjunctive, but only the former has been kept in modern Spanish for exhortative sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-09T01:53:55.107" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:53:55.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-26T15:12:52.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Lists of words&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links to files containing lists of Spanish words, to use in applications or whatever:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/javierarce/palabras/blob/master/listado-general.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;List with around 80K Spanish words&lt;/a&gt;, excluding variations of number, genre and verb conjugation (i.e. &amp;quot;famoso&amp;quot; is included, but not &amp;quot;famosa&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;famosos&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;famosas&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Frequency_lists#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Frequency Lists Compiled at Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; - almost 20 different lists here.  Includes a list of the 2,000 most frequent Spanish nouns.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.englishnspanish.com/learn/verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;500 Most Common Verbs&lt;/a&gt; - Each verb links to a WordReference entry.  Site includes 25 different quizzes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.language-pro.info/most-difficult-spanish-words-to-pronounce/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;50 most difficult Spanish words to pronounce&lt;/a&gt; - Pair this with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memrise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Memrise&lt;/a&gt; course of your own design and some audio recordings from &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/languages/es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forvo&lt;/a&gt; and you'll master these in no time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bcbl.eu/databases/espal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EsPal&lt;/a&gt; - Online corpus of Spanish words with associated word-properties. You can search for words with given properties, or upload a list of words and return their properties. Results can be downloaded as .txt (maximum 10,000 results per search).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2021-03-07T15:47:44.590" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T15:47:44.590" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-26T15:12:52.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24380" CreationDate="2018-02-26T15:50:03.887" Score="8" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have a winner! &lt;strong&gt;user5389726598465&lt;/strong&gt;, with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24380/16980&quot;&gt;an 54-letter answer&lt;/a&gt; (59 with a minor fix), found the shortest translation of the Mirror of Galadriel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Qué le refleja el espejo mágico, ni &lt;strong&gt;los&lt;/strong&gt; listos &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; saben. Que es, fue, y será. Ve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;bold&lt;/strong&gt; minor fix/improvement made by me. (It still is the shortest answer even with the fixes).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition's proposed text is a quote from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kluever-augsburg.de/maria/hdr/drehbuch/englisch/spiegel.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Lord of the Rings - The Mirror of Galadriel&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(To be exact I found this in a game, and later in La Tertulia &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/43074260#43074260&quot;&gt;@walen&lt;/a&gt; explain me it was from a movie!)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not even the wisest can say &lt;em&gt;what will you see&lt;/em&gt;, for the &lt;em&gt;magic&lt;/em&gt; mirror shows many things. Things that are, things that were, and some things that have not yet come to pass... &lt;em&gt;just look into the mirror&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(153 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I added the parts in italic in order to make the phrase a bit more large.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a (non-golfed) example translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Ni siquiera el más sabio es capaz de decir que verás, el espejo mágico muestra muchas cosas. Muestra cosas que son, muestra cosas que fueron, y algunas otras cosas que aún no han llegado a pasar... simplemente observa el espejo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(181 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="16980" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T15:59:44.803" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:34:17.463" Title="Translation Golf XXXIII - The Mirror of Galadriel" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-26T16:00:48.620" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-26T16:10:52.607" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;77&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni los sabios prevén lo mucho que verás en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NhwJXco#A9mx0nA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;luna&lt;/a&gt; mágica: lo que fue, es y algo de lo que será. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baOo6Gz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ve&lt;/a&gt; y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T16:10:52.607" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-26T16:10:52.607" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-26T18:03:35.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;75&lt;/strike&gt; 60 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mira en el espejo mágico, misterio de sabios, visor del ayer, hoy o el mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo siempre he entendido este texto como que el espejo muestra muchos tipos de cosas, no que le vaya a mostrar muchas cosas al que lo ve. Por eso cuando dice que &quot;muestra muchas cosas&quot; enumera los tipos: lo que fue, lo que es, y lo que podrá ser. En la traducción se procede con la enumeración pero se elimina el &quot;muchas&quot; por redundante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como en otras ocasiones, se reordena el texto para enlazar mejor unas frases con otras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparo el espejo con el visor de las cámaras a través del cual puedes ver el objeto que te interesa fotografiar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T20:44:00.527" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T20:44:00.527" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-26T18:03:35.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24295" CreationDate="2018-02-26T18:54:26.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Gustavson comments, the expression you are looking for could as well be &quot;mantenerse fiel a los principios de uno&quot;. So your sentence could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las protagonistas tienen que desobedecer para sobrevivir, manteniéndose fieles a sus principios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiously enough, there is a way to write the whole sentence using an idiom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las protagonistas tienen que hacer objeción de conciencia para sobrevivir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QmVKx38&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;objeción de conciencia&quot; means &quot;refusal to perform acts or services arguing ethical or religious reasons&quot;. It was widely used in Spain when the military service was mandatory. You could try to skip the military service by becoming an &quot;objetor de conciencia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T04:48:59.060" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:48:59.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-26T19:56:26.053" Score="7" Body="&lt;h3&gt;68 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solo mira en el espejo mágico: el hoy, el ayer y el mañana. ¿Qué verás? Ni los sabios saben.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T19:56:26.053" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-26T19:56:26.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28673" CreationDate="2018-02-26T20:43:53.303" Score="3" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;El domingo 25 de febrero el rey de España estuvo en Barcelona. Por una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Proceso_soberanista_de_Catalu%C3%B1a_de_2012-2017&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;serie de motivos&lt;/a&gt;, una parte de la población no lo considera bienvenido en la ciudad, por lo que organizaron una cacerolada para &lt;em&gt;acompañar&lt;/em&gt; su paso por las calles de camino a un evento. En paralelo, otra gente (menos) se manifestó para mostrar su apoyo al monarca. Ved &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180225/441070874850/tension-centro-barcelona-coincidir-concentraciones-tabarnia-cdr.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la noticia&lt;/a&gt;, si bien es algo tangencial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que el contexto necesario se resume en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubo un &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20954/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacerolazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en contra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hubo alguna manifestación a favor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más tarde por Twitter circuló una captura de pantalla de una emisión en directo de una televisión, donde se leía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YDQqu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YDQqum.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante el comienzo del Mobile World Congress. Caceroladas y concentraciones de apoyo al Rey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte a favor de la cacerolada &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Xavi_Penela/status/967890968698646532&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se indignó&lt;/a&gt;, pues entendía esta frase como una forma de englobar tanto las caceroladas como las concentraciones en manifestaciones de apoyo al Rey. Para muchos, era como si escribieran:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Caceroladas y concentraciones) de apoyo al Rey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando a todas luces el significado real (:P) debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Caceroladas) y (concentraciones de apoyo al Rey).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí, por contra, me parece que, aun siendo ambigua, la frase puede entenderse de las dos formas y el contexto es suficientemente explícito como para que la gente entienda que la cacerolada tiene una componente negativa. Eso sí, para reducir la ambigüedad probablemente lo suyo sería separar físicamente las dos partes e indicar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Concentraciones de apoyo al Rey) y (caceroladas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda pues, es: ¿es gramáticalmente correcta la conjunción de elementos, cuando el segundo es el único que arrastra la parte &lt;em&gt;de apoyo al Rey&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T15:42:47.420" Title="En la frase &quot;Caceroladas y concentraciones de apoyo al Rey&quot;, ¿hay ambigüedad sobre si la primera parte es afectada por &quot;de apoyo al Rey&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21774" CreationDate="2018-02-26T22:48:22.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am the original poster of the question and the comments that I have written in this thread as well as the awarding of the green checkmark still stand, but I have recently come upon some information, that, had I known earlier, I might not have even needed to post the question in the first place.  What I am about to include below might help those who are just starting their study of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you need to avoid ambiguity when using &quot;su,&quot; &quot;sus,&quot; or &quot;suyo,&quot; use&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;de&quot; + subject pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;su casa&lt;/strong&gt; OR &lt;strong&gt;casa suya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can mean &quot;his house,&quot; &quot;her house,&quot; &quot;its house,&quot; &quot;their house,&quot; or &quot;your house.&quot;  Without additional context, the phrase is ambiguous.  If you want to avoid this ambiguity, you could write instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la casa de él&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la casa de ella&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la casa de ellos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la casa de usted/ustedes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;la casa de Vd./Vds.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the basics with regard to reducing the ambiguity that arises from third person possessives.  When I initially wrote the question, I think I knew at least that much.  I just wasn't sure where best to place a subject pronoun when needed for clarification.  The other answers in this thread should help you with that, especially with regard to compound sentences in which two different subjects are present.  Reflexive verbs, on the other hand, differ somewhat from a simple possessive construction.  Specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The possessive adjective is also replaced by the definite article when the possessive relationship is already established by a pronoun.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—From &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Spanish_Grammar_in_Context.html?id=MJVvmvtwf-cC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Chapter 24: Possessives, p. 173.  Print.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alejandro se lava la cara. (Alexander washes his face.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Alejandra se lava la cara.  (Alexandra washes her face.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding a construction for clarification would be unnecessary in the examples above and I assume that doing so would sound very odd to a native Spanish speaker.  And as far as any ambiguity here, there shouldn't be any because if you wanted to say instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alexander washes her face,&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the verb &quot;wash&quot; is no longer reflexive.  It is now transitive and would be written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alexandro lava su cara.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, for more clarity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alexandro lava la cara de ella.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time, you probably won't need to clarify with the &quot;de + subject pronoun&quot; construct, but if you do, it is typically placed after a noun of possession (&quot;casa&quot; and &quot;cara&quot; in the examples above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, on the other hand, you need to clarify the ambiguity that arises in a compound sentence with more than one subject, the construct used for nouns of possession no longer applies and though you could use a subject pronoun for clarification, in these instances it is probably best to use something more specific (e.g., a person's name). Typically, Spanish grammar books will advise that the subject come after the verb in such clauses (to avoid ending a sentence with a verb, which appears to be somewhat frowned upon ... at least in formal Spanish writing), but it appears that there's some flexibility in this area (according to comments written in this thread).  However, this may be more acceptable in daily speech rather than formal or academic writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T02:02:21.747" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T02:02:21.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-27T02:02:38.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt; 60 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni un genio sabrá lo harto que muestra el espejo. Ayer, hoy, ¿el mañana?. Míralo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T02:24:55.417" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T02:24:55.417" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T02:02:38.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24307" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24308" CreationDate="2018-02-27T07:26:55.627" Score="0" ViewCount="1094" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why the conjugations of verb &lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt; are used with food-items like &lt;strong&gt;sopa está caliente&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been taught to use the conjugations of &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; with the temporary state of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18892" LastEditorUserId="18892" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T09:39:48.883" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T11:08:31.540" Title="Why Estar conjugation is used with food-items?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-02-27T13:28:03.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24307" CreationDate="2018-02-27T08:29:51.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usage of &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; (because it's a auxiliar verb, as &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;haber&lt;/code&gt;) is quite different than the other verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estar&lt;/code&gt; it is common useful to express a quality that has been changed as a result of another action. In your case, the soup is hot because has been heated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information about different usages take a look at: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aulahispanica.com/node/199&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.aulahispanica.com/node/199&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.slideshare.net/aguilanocturno/ser-y-estar-imagina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.slideshare.net/aguilanocturno/ser-y-estar-imagina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11352" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T08:29:51.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24307" CreationDate="2018-02-27T09:21:29.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; broad terms, &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; refers to a temporary state, while &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; refers to a permanent one. So, to give you some food examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta sopa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; caliente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This soup is (now) hot. It might be cold later.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta sopa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; caliente &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This soup is hot. It is a dish that is traditionally served hot.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T11:08:31.540" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T11:08:31.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12809" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:07:26.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;that is nothing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &quot;that is not nothing&quot; you should say: &lt;em&gt;&quot;menos es nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;es más que nada&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18896" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T11:37:50.403" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T11:37:50.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:25:57.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;61 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué verás en el espejo mágico de lo que fue, es y algo de lo que&#xA;  será? Nadie sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ni el mas sabio sabe lo que verás &lt;strong&gt;nadie&lt;/strong&gt; lo sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T10:42:31.767" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T10:42:31.767" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T10:25:57.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:34:20.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Other reference resources&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/gramatica/nueva-gramatica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Grammar online&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/ortografia/ortografia-2010&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Orthography online&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When searching both in the Grammar and the Orthography you will see two icons preceding each result. The camera icon will display the whole book page that contains the result, and the magnifier glass icon will display a brief excerpt of that page.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/84d4p.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/84d4p.png&quot; alt=&quot;Search results example&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.scribd.com/doc/151700987/RAE-Seco-Manuel-Diccionario-de-dudas-y-dificultades-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Dudas y Dificultades de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt;, from Manuel Seco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Busqueda.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refranero multilingüe&lt;/a&gt;, from Centro Virtual Cervantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con un completo &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/listado.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;listado de todas las paremias en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iate.europa.eu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;InterActive Terminology for Europe (IATE)&lt;/a&gt;: European Union terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua del español&lt;/a&gt;. (sometimes &lt;em&gt;la Fundéu&lt;/em&gt; links to this resource as a way to get more information about a term).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariouruguayo.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Popular Uruguayo&lt;/a&gt; (a blog with vocabulary specific to Uruguay)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-15T09:22:42.647" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T09:22:42.647" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T10:34:20.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:45:29.617" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Websites&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/course/es/en/Learn-Spanish-Online&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Duolingo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a website (as well as an app for both Android and iOS) that allows you to learn Spanish (and many other languages) in just 5 minutes a day with game-like lessons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elcastellano.org&lt;/a&gt; is a website about the Spanish language in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itsnachotime.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NachoTime&lt;/a&gt; is a website for students trying to get out of Spanish Intermediate Purgatory (maintained by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/users/13617/nachocab&quot;&gt;nachocab&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.memrise.com/courses/english/spanish-spain/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Memrise&lt;/a&gt; is a website (as well as an app for both Android and iOS) for Spanish learners. You can learn Spanish (and many other languages) by using flashcards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quizlet.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quizlet&lt;/a&gt; is a website where you can make study sets (or find study sets created by other users) of Spanish (or anything) terms. Quizlet offers several games where you can compete against users across the internet. It also has a flash card mode and a test mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.learner.org/series/destinos/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Destinos&lt;/a&gt;.  An audiovisual course that exposes students to conversations in Spanish, while following a story line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://apps.ankiweb.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Anki&lt;/a&gt;. Free, spaced repetition system. It comes in a desktop version and mobile versions. Once you download it you can get free &lt;a href=&quot;https://ankiweb.net/shared/decks/spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decks&lt;/a&gt; of the most common words or useful sentences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Castellano Actual&lt;/a&gt; is a blog with articles and answers about the Spanish language and especially the Peruvian dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://prutzkow.com/en-us/numbers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Prutzkow&lt;/a&gt; - Online number translator into English, Spanish, German, Russian, Finnish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wordofthehour.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word of The Hour&lt;/a&gt; - A website that features one basic vocabulary word every hour along with crowd-sourced Spanish language translations.  Translations are crowd-sourced by community members on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/Vocabulario/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reddit&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishacademy.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Academy&lt;/a&gt; - Website with lessons online for beginners. The website also offer 1-on-1 classes with native spanish teachers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="28564" LastEditDate="2021-02-28T11:56:58.020" LastActivityDate="2021-02-28T11:56:58.020" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T10:45:29.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:46:59.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Corpora&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Document&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt; Author&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Dates&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpes XXI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;RAE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;2001 → 2012&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;A corpus of the written Spanish.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;CREA&lt;br/&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;RAE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1975 → 2004&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;A corpus of the written Spanish.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;CORDE&lt;br/&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus Diacrónico del Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;RAE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;its beginnings → 1974&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;A corpus of the written Spanish.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;CNDHE&lt;br/&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CNDHE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus del Nuevo Diccionario Histórico del Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt; RAE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;12th century → today&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;The corpus used for building the NDHE, 400 million entries. Allows searching for terms that frequently appear together.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hemeroteca Digital de la Biblioteca Nacional de España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Biblioteca Nacional de España&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1683 → today&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Most of the publications are free to use although many of the most recent ones can only be seen from the library facilities due to copyright restrictions. The texts are completely OCR-scanned and are searchable through its search engine.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-12-08T14:42:53.390" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T14:42:53.390" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T10:46:59.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-02-27T10:53:28.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Dictionaries (paper)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de uso del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. María Moliner. Available in online book stores &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;ahem&lt;/em&gt; Am &lt;em&gt;ahem&lt;/em&gt; azon &lt;em&gt;ahem&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; in both book and DVD formats.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T10:53:28.813" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T10:53:28.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-27T13:40:54.883" Score="10" ViewCount="3536" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España (¿y en Hispanoamérica?) es común decir que alguien tiene &lt;em&gt;michelines&lt;/em&gt; cuando está un poco fofo de la tripa. Más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r80ne.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r80ne.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto lo recoge el DLE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PAyCXtO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;michelín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De Michelin®, marca reg.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;lorza&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ pliegue de gordura).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NcmlNWc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lorza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    De &lt;em&gt;alforza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    1. f. Pliegue que se hace en una prenda para acortarla o como adorno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    2. f. coloq. Esp. Pliegue de gordura que se forma en alguna parte del cuerpo, especialmente en la cintura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que solamente menciona su uso, coloquial, en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y mirando en el mapa de diccionarios veo que la 2.ª acepción de &lt;em&gt;lorza&lt;/em&gt; no estaba ni siquiera en 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Curiosamente, el mapa de diccionarios también nos muestra que &lt;em&gt;alforza&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alhorza&lt;/em&gt; se utilizaban con mucha más frecuencia que &lt;em&gt;lorza&lt;/em&gt; en los siglos XVIII y XIX, pero que han acabado desbancados por la palabra más corta.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Michelín&lt;/em&gt;, por su parte, no entró en el diccionario hasta 1992.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo ello me hace surgir la duda: ¿qué palabras se empleaban anteriormente para denominar la gordura que se acumula en la cintura? ¿cuáles se usan actualmente en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T00:23:46.293" Title="¿Cómo se llamaba a los michelines antes de que se creara Michelín como marca?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-02-27T15:37:56.337" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE se recoge un caso de &lt;strong&gt;lorza&lt;/strong&gt; de 1961: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vestir a los demás para que luzcan, aguantando mil impertinencias: que si me estira por aquí; que si encoge por allá; que me cae mal; que no me sienta; que me engorda. ¡No le va a engordar, señora, si está usted como una vaca suiza! Que si esta sisa, que esta &lt;strong&gt;lorza&lt;/strong&gt;, que este relleno...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el NTLLE aparece desde 1855, como derivado de &lt;em&gt;alforza&lt;/em&gt; o de &lt;em&gt;alhorza&lt;/em&gt; como pliegue que se hace en una prenda para acortarla o como adorno. Es posible que se utilizara por similitud con los pliegues abdominales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18898" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T16:25:15.310" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T16:25:15.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24320" CreationDate="2018-02-27T16:09:54.390" Score="4" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;My local classical music radio station has an occasional feature about music from countries other than the usual central European classical tradition. They recently chose two pieces from Chile one of which was &lt;em&gt;Gracias a la vida&lt;/em&gt; which had passed me by despite being so famous that it even has its own substantial entry in the English-language Wikipedia (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracias_a_la_Vida&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracias_a_la_Vida&lt;/a&gt;). It seems to usually be translated as &quot;Thanks to life&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This puzzled me as the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; was not what I would have originally chosen followed by an inanimate object. Looking at the entry in the DLE for &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; leads straight to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JOCFpLb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gracia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and as far as I can see the only option seems to be &lt;em&gt;gracias a&lt;/em&gt;. However looking through previous questions on this site for a possible duplicate I find several examples of &lt;em&gt;gracias por&lt;/em&gt; followed by a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is simply what preposition is used after &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; in various circumstances? I am not too worried about finding a translation for the song title as (a) poetry is not obliged to follow the usual rules, (b) I do not want to get side-tracked into the circumstances of the life of its originator &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violeta_Parra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Violeta Parra&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T19:24:04.770" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T19:24:04.770" Title="What preposition follows &quot;gracias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24318" CreationDate="2018-02-27T16:33:11.467" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias a&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thanks to&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Gracias por&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thanks for&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use one or the other depending on context, and can even use both together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Thank(s to) you for bringing me&lt;/em&gt; =&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gracias a ti por llevarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the song &quot;Gracias a la vida&quot; is giving thanks &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; life, not &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; life. &quot;Gracias a la vida que me ha dado tanto&quot; = &quot;Thanks to life, which has given me so much.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18857" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T16:33:11.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24318" CreationDate="2018-02-27T16:37:57.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; X&lt;/em&gt; is used when you are saying thanks to somebody &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; X.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Gracias &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; X&lt;/em&gt; is used when you are saying thanks &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; X for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X can be a person or an object or an abstract concept. Yes, usually X is an object in the first case, and usually X is a person in the second case, but not always (and especially not in poetry).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;&quot;Gracias &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la vida, que me ha dado tanto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, the author is saying thanks &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; life itself (personifying it, in a way) for giving them so much.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You could rewrite it as &lt;em&gt;&quot;Gracias &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la vida &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; darme tanto&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, maybe it is clearer that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T16:37:57.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12809" CreationDate="2018-02-27T17:42:22.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's surprising how so many confusions would be avoided if this were taught this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the word &quot;no&quot; appears in the sentence, &quot;nada&quot; means &quot;anything&quot; instead of &quot;nothing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &quot;no es nada&quot; has a &quot;no&quot; inside, so it means &lt;code&gt;it is not anything&lt;/code&gt;, instead of &lt;code&gt;it is not-nothing&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T17:42:22.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-02-27T18:51:54.267" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me cuesta trabajo creer que no esté en el DLE, pero en gran parte de México se les denomina &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lonjas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos otros diccionarios he encontrado la definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate recoge :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pliegue de gordura que se forma en ciertas partes del cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;“aunque adelgacé 5 kg todavía tengo lonjas .”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T02:35:33.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-02-27T19:14:38.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;64 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira en el espejo mágico que quién sabe si te mostrará el antes, ahora o después.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llego un poco tarde a la fiesta. Esta es una aportación ciega. Espero no estar utilizando nada de nadie. Comentadme cualquier pega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T20:35:04.737" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-02-27T19:14:38.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24330" CreationDate="2018-02-27T19:24:53.523" Score="8" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el microrrelato &lt;em&gt;Botellas&lt;/em&gt; de Graciela Tomassini aparece la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaciadas de los licores que alguna vez contuvieron, las variopintas redomas conservan un sedimento &lt;strong&gt;púlveo&lt;/strong&gt; o viscoso de vino, sangre, tósigo, agua tofana, cuya prolongada ausencia no evita que las huellas tiñan levemente los fondos, como una resaca que no termina de despedirse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;púlveo&amp;quot; no figura en el diccionario de la Real Academia Española, y en Google aparecen muy pocos resultados con esta palabra. Por eso no me queda claro qué significa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14293" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-06-30T20:30:54.530" LastActivityDate="2020-06-30T20:30:54.530" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;púlveo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-02-27T19:44:39.937" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en Colombia he escuchado la palabra &amp;quot;llanta&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NU2U8ku%7CNU2xWhe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;llanta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Am. lorza (‖ pliegue de gordura).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me sale una llanta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me ve una llanta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa la palabra &amp;quot;gordo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se me sale un gordo / gordito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/lonja-llanta-gordo.1680517/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; se menciona &lt;em&gt;lonja&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;llanta&lt;/em&gt; como usados también en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T19:44:39.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-02-27T19:46:50.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para este tipo de cosas siempre existen los localismos, y siendo América Latina tan extensa seguro que se les dice de diferentes maneras en cada país... En Chile se suele decir &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rollo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: una persona que tiene muchos &lt;em&gt;rollos&lt;/em&gt; es muy fofa. También &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neumáticos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. A un gordo se le llama &lt;em&gt;guatón&lt;/em&gt; ya que la &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la barriga, según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guata&lt;/strong&gt; 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mapuche &lt;em&gt;huata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. f. coloq. Arg., Bol., Chile, Ec. y Perú. Barriga, vientre, panza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este vocablo no está presente en ninguno de los diccionarios de los principales misioneros que documentaron palabras del mapudungun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T00:24:08.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23998" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:01:46.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La entrada en el foro del CVC sobre la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=43767&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«mano izquierda»&lt;/a&gt; dice que esa expresión viene del mundo del toro, donde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Tener mano izquierda» sigue siendo 'saber torear al natural'; en el lenguaje coloquial, asombrosamente, vale por 'tener astucia o habilidad para manejarse'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es una explicación etimológica, pero sí es una explicación conocida. Yo la he escuchado más de una vez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado recomiendo echar un vistazo al artículo de María del Mar Forment y Triantafylliá Efthymiou, de la Universidad de Barcelona, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.anmal.uma.es/Numero9/Forment.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las nociones de derecha e izquierda y las creencias a ellas asociadas en español y en griego&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, un artículo interesante, de más de 9000 palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con relación a la mano izquierda, en los pocos sentidos positivos que tiene, apunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mano izquierda&lt;/strong&gt;. Con sentido figurado el DRAE define así este sintagma: «Habilidad o astucia para manejarse o resolver situaciones difíciles».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tener mano izquierda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, «Poseer habilidad o astucia para resolver situaciones difíciles».&#xA;Tanto en este caso como en el del sintagma nominal &lt;em&gt;mano izquierda&lt;/em&gt;, las locuciones presentadas, a pesar de contener el vocablo &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt;, poseen un sentido positivo. &lt;em&gt;Tener mano izquierda&lt;/em&gt; significa, en cierto modo, ser capaz de realizar con la mano izquierda acciones tan útiles como las que se llevan a cabo con la derecha y, en consecuencia, dominar los impulsos negativos e irracionales que siempre se han relacionado con la siniestra. Así, la persona que tiene mano izquierda, en sentido figurado, es una persona hábil, no tanto desde un punto de vista manual o físico, como para desenvolverse con facilidad en la resolución de problemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T23:20:50.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24331" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:03:10.077" Score="3" ViewCount="11944" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got an application form in Spanish, which starts with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En.................., a.... de.... de .........&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo,............................................&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Profesion u oficio).........domiciliado en....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like I am supposed to write name and surname after &lt;code&gt;Yo,&lt;/code&gt; but what the first line means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18902" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T08:27:14.470" Title="What &quot;en..., a... de... de... yo&quot; means in Spanish application form?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23968" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:16:34.580" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2012/08/120802_cultura_palabras_dicccionario_rae_judiada_rechazo_retiro_jrg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de la BBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José Manuel Blecua, director de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua dice: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se demuestra que una palabra no se usa, cosa que es muy difícil, se la marca como desusada, pero no se elimina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sólo las muy antiguas, en general anteriores al siglo XVI pueden pasar del diccionario general al histórico, pero siguen estando. Su desuso tiene que comprobarse en largos períodos de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero así como se certifica su uso, también se señala su decadencia. Para ello se utilizan dos abreviaturas para puntualizar que el término ya no se utiliza o que es antiguo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La abreviatura &quot;desus.&quot; (desusadas).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Las marcadas como &quot;ant.&quot;&#xA;  (anticuada), por la cantidad de años que llevan sin utilizarse ahora&#xA;  sólo aparecen en el Diccionario Histórico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T21:16:34.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24324" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:16:52.457" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado el contexto, yo entiendo que quiere decir que ese líquido contiene polvo u otras partículas similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que en español lo más común habría sido usar &lt;code&gt;polvoriento&lt;/code&gt; para indicar &amp;quot;lleno de polvo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TbwDveT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;polvoriento, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Lleno o cubierto de polvo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o el más rebuscado &lt;code&gt;pulverulento&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ue8NsOA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pulverulento, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. En estado de polvo. Sustancia pulverulenta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que sería la opción ideal para indicar que este líquido se ha ido secando, desapareciendo y convirtiéndose en polvo con el paso de los años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Púlveo&amp;quot; parece ser una construcción con la misma raíz que por ejemplo &amp;quot;pulverizar&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el lat. &lt;em&gt;pulvis&lt;/em&gt;, -ĕris 'polvo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Reducir a polvo algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pulverulento&amp;quot; viene también del latín &lt;em&gt;pulverulentus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;code&gt;púlveo&lt;/code&gt; parece ser más una licencia poética que una palabra de nuevo cuño no añadida todavía al diccionario, dada lo escaso de su uso. Entiendo que intenta transmitir &amp;quot;convertido en o compuesto casi exclusivamente de polvo&amp;quot; más que &amp;quot;lleno de polvo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=hC4sJe14t0EC&amp;amp;pg=PA12&amp;amp;lpg=PA12&amp;amp;dq=p%C3%BAlveo&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=egSlhWpM-e&amp;amp;sig=5iMqRiknSwge-kpiOCqo7j9dPjU&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwijupLl_sbZAhURm-AKHWLRBKUQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=p%C3%BAlveo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Otro ejemplo del uso de &lt;code&gt;púlveo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con ronca voz cansada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;del labio balbuciente,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quisiera la inocente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dioses invocar;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mas ya convulsa, helada,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Huyó el vivir del pecho,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en frio &lt;strong&gt;púlveo&lt;/strong&gt; lecho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se mira reposar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=hC4sJe14t0EC&amp;amp;pg=PA12&amp;amp;lpg=PA12&amp;amp;dq=p%C3%BAlveo&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=egSlhWpM-e&amp;amp;sig=5iMqRiknSwge-kpiOCqo7j9dPjU&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwijupLl_sbZAhURm-AKHWLRBKUQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=p%C3%BAlveo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente: &lt;em&gt;Composiciones poéticas a la Sra. Concepción Rodríguez: célebre actriz de los ...&lt;/em&gt; by Juan Antonio Suárez&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-30T18:59:15.823" LastActivityDate="2020-06-30T18:59:15.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24328" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:42:54.023" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Location and date you are filling the form, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madrid&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;27&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;febrero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2018&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full Name&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;occupation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, domiciliado en &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;full address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T21:42:54.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24328" CreationDate="2018-02-27T21:45:08.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's for writing the date. If you were filling that form today in, say, Barcelona, it would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Barcelona&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;27&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;febrero&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;2018&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember: dates in Spanish are day, month, year; and month names are lowercase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T08:27:14.470" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T08:27:14.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24335" CreationDate="2018-02-28T09:34:39.107" Score="6" ViewCount="5006" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces, cuando voy al trabajo en coche, me da por poner el GPS aunque sea un trayecto de solo 15 minutos. Y cada vez que llego a &lt;em&gt;P.º Alfonso &lt;strong&gt;XIII&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la vocecita del GPS se emperra en decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tome la cuarta salida en dirección &lt;em&gt;Paseo Alfonso &lt;strong&gt;decimotercero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual me chirría un poco, porque aquí esa vía se conoce como &lt;em&gt;Paseo Alfonso &lt;strong&gt;trece&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, y otros nombres como por ejemplo Luis XIV o Juan XXIII se suelen pronunciar como &lt;em&gt;Luis &lt;strong&gt;catorce&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Juan &lt;strong&gt;veintitrés&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (o al menos yo siempre los he leído así).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no deja de ser cierto que el ordinal para &quot;13&quot; es &quot;decimotercero/a&quot;. Y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS#3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo del DPD sobre números romanos&lt;/a&gt; no aclara si se leen distinto que los números normales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quién tiene razón: el GPS o yo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T09:53:39.260" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:38:48.873" Title="¿Cómo se leen los nombres de los reyes?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4007" CreationDate="2018-02-28T09:35:09.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The final section of &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=iSQPw_NIo30C&amp;amp;pg=PA278#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Verbs Made Simple(r)&lt;/a&gt; by David Brodsky goes over all the different 'types' of regular and irregular verb in Spanish, and classifies the most common ~4,000 or so verbs into each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are his groupings (there are subclasses within them for verbs with orthographic changes to preserve sounds etc) with exemplary verbs of each type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perfectly regular:&lt;/strong&gt; cantar; comer; subir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diphthongs:&lt;/strong&gt; pensar; mostrar; perder; mover&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(e → ie, o → ue)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diphthongs / Umlauts:&lt;/strong&gt;  sentir; pedir; dormir&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(e → ie, o → ue)/(e → i, o → u)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add -y except before -i:&lt;/strong&gt; construir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1st Person Singular -zco:&lt;/strong&gt; conocer; lucir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irregular 1st Singular -go:&lt;/strong&gt; caer; oír; salir; valer; asir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mixed Patterns:&lt;/strong&gt; ver; discernir; jugar; adquirir; argüir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fundamentally Irregular:&lt;/strong&gt; dar; andar; estar; ir; venir; decir; -ducir; ser; haber; saber; caber; poder; querer; hacer; poner; tener; traer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e.g.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;although &lt;em&gt;tra&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is irregular, it follows the same pattern as the other irregular verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;a&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, de&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, in&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, intro&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, re&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, se&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, con&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, recon&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, pro&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, copro&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;, repro&lt;strong&gt;ducir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so if you can conjugate one of these you can work out the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T12:04:11.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24333" CreationDate="2018-02-28T09:47:44.543" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DPD te da la respuesta en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=rqV8h362gD62vc21qB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cardinales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el caso de las series de papas y reyes con igual nombre, se utilizan, en la escritura, los números romanos (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;números, 3&lt;/a&gt;), que &lt;strong&gt;se leen como ordinales hasta el número diez (aunque en este último caso puede usarse también el cardinal)&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Felipe IV&lt;/em&gt; (se lee &lt;em&gt;Felipe cuarto&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Enrique VIII&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Enrique octavo&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Alfonso X&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Alfonso décimo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt;); &lt;strong&gt;pero a partir del diez se leen siempre como cardinales&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Luis XVI&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Luis dieciséis&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Juan XXIII&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Juan veintitrés&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De I a IX: se usa el ordinal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X: se puede usar el ordinal o el cardinal (&lt;em&gt;diez&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;décimo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A partir de XI: se usa el cardinal (&lt;em&gt;once&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doce&lt;/em&gt;...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el GPS no tiene razón y debería indicar &lt;em&gt;Paseo Alfonso trece&lt;/em&gt;, si bien deberías admitirle &lt;em&gt;Alfonso décimo&lt;/em&gt; cuando tú digas &lt;em&gt;Alfonso diez&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:38:48.873" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:38:48.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-02-28T10:17:53.857" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se les dice comúnmente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rollos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que se suaviza a veces como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rollitos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (es prácticamente siempre en plural). Menos diplomáticamente también se los llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;flotadores&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T10:17:53.857" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-28T13:35:40.483" Score="8" ViewCount="30208" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado y leído bastante &quot;sip&quot; en vez de &quot;sí&quot; y &quot;nop&quot; en vez de &quot;no&quot;. Hay también otras variantes como &quot;nope&quot; y la chilena &quot;yap&quot; (sí).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que se dice en internet (en sitios de opinión básica como WordReference Forums o Yahoo Answers) es que probablemente proviene del mundo del chat, aunque yo lo he escuchado también en palabra hablada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo era joven (uff...) se dio la costumbre de sufijar algunas palabras con terminaciones que evocaran el inglés (&lt;em&gt;tranquilein, lolein, amiguein, amiguéitor&lt;/em&gt;...), haciendo que las conversaciones se escucharan más floridas. Me imagino que pasa lo mismo en este caso, es un recurso estilístico de tipo jerga, pero no entiendo por qué se eligió la terminación &lt;em&gt;-p&lt;/em&gt;. No creo que sea un anglicismo, porque no es una terminación típica del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esa &quot;p&quot;? ¿Cuándo empieza a usarse? ¿Es habitual en los distintos países?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T14:58:57.577" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T15:59:03.603" Title="&quot;¿Sip o nop?&quot; ¿Cuál es el origen de estas variaciones?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;jerga-internet&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23329" CreationDate="2018-02-28T14:11:06.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile si se dice &quot;Tengo que ir&quot;, de inmediato uno pregunta &quot;¿A dónde?&quot;, ya que a la oración por sí sola le faltaría información. Acá los niños dicen &quot;Tengo que ir al baño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5744" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T14:30:37.467" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T14:30:37.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24345" CreationDate="2018-02-28T14:34:26.413" Score="8" ViewCount="2491" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginemos que enumeramos cifras. Lo que haríamos sería escribir algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estuvimos en México pasamos &lt;strong&gt;2, 4 y 6&lt;/strong&gt; días en Ciudad de México, Tijuana y Sonora, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, enumeramos las cifras separándolas por una coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si estos números tienen parte decimal la cosa resulta confusa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para preparar la receta se necesitan &lt;strong&gt;1,5, 2,5 y 2,5&lt;/strong&gt; cucharadas de azúcar, aceite y harina, respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Vale, ya sé que el ejemplo suena un poco forzado, no se me ocurrió otro :)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, vemos que la parte de &lt;em&gt;1,5, 2,5 y 2,5&lt;/em&gt; tiene muchas comas y puede resultar difícil saber si una coma sirve de separador de cifras o para delimitar la parte decimal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces mi duda es: ¿cómo se escribe en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que el DPD en &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;números&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. Ortografía de los números escritos con cifras&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  c) Para separar la parte entera de la decimal debe usarse la coma, según establece la normativa internacional: &lt;em&gt;El valor de π es 3,1416&lt;/em&gt;. No obstante, también se admite el uso anglosajón del punto, extendido en algunos países americanos: &lt;em&gt;El valor de π es 3.1416&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, entiendo que la duda está centrada en España, donde no sé si entonces la recomendación es de adoptar el uso anglosajón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, hace un tiempo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13093/cu%C3%A1l-es-la-puntuaci%C3%B3n-m%C3%A1s-com%C3%BAn-para-los-n%C3%BAmeros/13104#comment15676_13104&quot;&gt;guifa comentó&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la nueva Ortografía (...) (tristemente) prefiere la forma anglosajona (aunque sin descartar la tradicional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que no sé si el DPD actualmente sugiere alguna cosa nueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T15:58:03.827" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T13:25:47.773" Title="¿Cómo se escribe la enumeración de números con parte decimal?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24338" CreationDate="2018-02-28T14:57:55.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos casos de jerga de internet es muy complicado establecer cuál es el origen, pues probablemente se fraguó en un chat remoto que dio lugar a que otra gente lo adoptara, etc. hasta que emergió a contextos escritos más persistentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/opinion/articulos/20140217/54401243547/sip-nop-magi-camps-opi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Por un sip o por un nop&lt;/a&gt; discutían allá por 2014 sobre las dos posibles hipótesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, la que apunta que el resultado es una fusión del adverbio con el emoticono de sacar la lengua (:-P), un gesto atrevido o juguetón. Así, sí:P ha acabado siendo sip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda línea habla simplemente de una forma simpática de responder. En este caso hay quien añade una clara influencia del inglés. En esta lengua, ya hace tiempo que al lado del &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt; se utiliza &lt;em&gt;yeah&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;yup&lt;/em&gt; y, también, &lt;em&gt;yep&lt;/em&gt;. Y la variante &lt;em&gt;nope&lt;/em&gt; de la negación también la recogen algunos diccionarios. En estas cosas, los vocabularios ingleses siempre van por delante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí personalmente me convence más la segunda, pues el uso de &lt;code&gt;:P&lt;/code&gt; es bastante nuevo y no creo que existiera allá por los años 80 (cuando DGaleano, como explica en los comentarios, ya lo escuchó), mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/yep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el uso del inglés &lt;em&gt;yep&lt;/em&gt; se remonta a 1889&lt;/a&gt;, que como mínimo es anterior a los años 80.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T16:09:00.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24338" CreationDate="2018-02-28T15:52:23.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando yo era pequeño, no era raro decir &quot;sipi&quot; en vez de &quot;sí&quot; o &quot;nopo&quot; en vez de &quot;no&quot;. Esto es un tipo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerigonza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jerigonza&lt;/a&gt; bastante habitual entre niños, consistente en añadir a cada palabra (o incluso a cada sílaba) otra sílaba adicional compuesta de &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; + la vocal más relevante de la sílaba anterior. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer Paquito me dejó su boli.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ayeper Paquitopo mepe dejopo supu bolipi.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Apayeper Papaquipitopo mepe depejopo supu bopolipi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nadie esperaría que de adultos hablemos así, pero es posible que las palabras más cortas o más utilizadas, &quot;sipi&quot; / &quot;nopo&quot; sí que hayan conseguido sobrevivir en nuestro vocabulario convertidas en unos &quot;sip&quot; / &quot;nop&quot; usados para darle cierto aire jovial a la respuesta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo mismo aplicaría a otras variantes como &quot;yap&quot;, &quot;valep&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T15:52:23.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24342" CreationDate="2018-02-28T16:07:47.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues veamos qué es eso que dice la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KGthOVWshQlykqO,&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva Ortografía sobre el separador decimal&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el ámbito hispánico, &lt;strong&gt;el uso de cada uno de estos signos se distribuye geográficamente casi a partes iguales&lt;/strong&gt;: la coma se emplea en la Argentina, Chile, Colombia, el Ecuador, España, el Paraguay, el Perú y el Uruguay; mientras que se usa el punto en México, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Puerto Rico, la República Dominicana y Venezuela, así como entre los hispanohablantes estadounidenses; hay también países, como Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba y El Salvador, donde se utilizan ambos. Con el fin de promover un proceso tendente hacia la unificación, &lt;strong&gt;se recomienda el uso del punto&lt;/strong&gt; como signo separador de los decimales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Así pues, en español, según las zonas, &lt;strong&gt;podrá escribirse&lt;/strong&gt; π = 3,1416 &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; π = 3.1416.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que se recomienda el punto, pero se admiten ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así las cosas, y dado que en cualquier texto medio normal (y en enumeraciones especialmente) siempre va a haber más comas que puntos, creo que &lt;strong&gt;la mejor solución en enumeraciones es usar puntos en vez de comas para evitar &quot;cacografías&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Lo cual te habría propuesto igualmente aun cuando la RAE no lo aceptase pero, si lo acepta y recomienda, mejor que mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente veo mejor usar el punto siempre: se presta menos a confusión en textos escritos (por lo dicho), más aún ahora que los millares se separan mediante espacios y no mediante punto; facilita las cosas en entornos tecnológicos y científicos donde el formato anglosajón es prácticamente ubicuo; y lo llevamos viendo desde pequeños en las calculadoras, con lo que no nos resulta extraño. Pero eso es opinión personal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T16:13:13.317" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T16:13:13.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24338" CreationDate="2018-02-28T16:08:12.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sip&quot; y sobre todo &quot;nop&quot; lo he leído mucho antes de que existiera Internet, en libros publicados en España y México en los años 50 - 60. No tengo fuentes, pero en alguna novela de Zane Grey eran las respuestas lacónicas de un vaquero o pistolero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18908" LastEditorUserId="18908" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T19:57:32.827" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T19:57:32.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24348" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-02-28T20:32:02.810" Score="2" ViewCount="876" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario de la lengua, una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrvS87O&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;güisquería&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Establecimiento donde se sirve güisqui y otras bebidas alcohólicas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/whisker%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Reference&lt;/a&gt; aparece como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bar de alterne en el que las camareras suelen estar a disposición de los clientes para prostituirse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de la dos definiciones es la correcta? ¿O pueden ser ambas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18911" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T13:07:21.257" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T13:09:03.173" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;güisquería&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24348" CreationDate="2018-02-28T22:07:11.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seguramente la mayor parte de estos negocios no están dedicados a este tipo de actividades (de ahí la definición de la RAE), pero de alguna manera se han ganado esa reputación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cerca de donde yo estudié el bachillerato, había una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c6blvgv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;whiskería&lt;/a&gt; y por lo visto sí era un local dedicado a ese tipo de actividades. Sin embargo date cuenta de que el diccionario también incluye &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UjlzCLI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puticlub&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Bar de alterne donde se favorece o se ejerce la prostitución.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No imaginas a nadie nombrando o denominando a su negocio con el muy explícito &quot;puticlub&quot;, ¿verdad? (por más claro que pueda dejar el mensaje sobre qué tipo de negocio es) Ni siquiera por el más eufemístico &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=26tSNXH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;local de alterne&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que estos negocios siempre suelen ser un &quot;bar de copas&quot;, una &quot;whiskería&quot; (o güisquería), una &quot;sala de encuentros&quot; o &quot;club&quot; (que sugiere un poco más esa &quot;interacción social&quot;) o lo que sea, pero ninguno se anuncia claramente como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UQsTcwb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prostíbulo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; abiertamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En teoría una whiskería debería ser un establecimiento dedicado a servir whisky, pero en algún momento este tipo de establecimientos se ganó esa reputación y güisquería/whiskería pasó a ser un eufemismo de puticlub/prostibulo/bar de alterne (porque suena muy bien y disimula mucho lo que ocurre dentro, y es lo suficientemente distinto al &quot;bar&quot; de toda la vida pero que deja bien claro qué son).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es uno de los casos en que la definición del DLE no es del todo completa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que ahora está sucediendo algo similar con los sitios de masajes o saunas o similar, que también ofrecen más servicios de los que cabría esperar. Si un local se llama &quot;Spa&quot; casi seguro que es solo un lugar para masajes, relajamiento, hidroterapia... Si se llaman &quot;Sauna&quot; o lo incluyen en el nombre, quizá no tengan solo baños de vapor (pese a que de acuerdo a la definición del DLE una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XMCLLKw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sauna&lt;/a&gt; no es tampoco un sitio para el alterne, como la definición de RAE para whiskería), pero esto también sería generalizar mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T11:13:41.790" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T11:13:41.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22874" CreationDate="2018-03-01T00:15:44.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en México, no se usa de tal manera. Quizás esa acepción que mencionas está relacionada con el uso en España de &lt;strong&gt;vale&lt;/strong&gt; que vendría siendo un &lt;em&gt;o.k&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de acuerdo&lt;/em&gt; en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14886" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T00:15:44.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14882" CreationDate="2018-03-01T04:05:10.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preliminary remark: Some other verbs can follow this path, in some contexts.  For example, let's say my family and I are sitting down to eat, but we get involved in a heated discussion and the food gets forgotten.  I can exhort or invite everyone to start eating, and continue the discussion calmly.  There are several ways of doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comamos [subjunctive... imperative]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a comer [sort of future... sort of another type of imperative]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comemos [present indicative... a suggestion]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third approach might be clearer if I write it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comemos, ¿no?  ¿Y seguimos discutiendo, pero con calma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, to answer your question, the main reason we use &amp;quot;vámonos&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;vayámonos&amp;quot; typically is that it flows better in the context -- which generally calls for something short and punchy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are situations in which &amp;quot;vayamos&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be comfortably used.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vayamos al tema de la investigación con células madre. | &lt;em&gt;Let me turn to the issue of stem cell research.&lt;/em&gt; (Example taken from linguee.com)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay que quedarse con el estatu quo.  Vayamos avanzando con nuestras metas. | &lt;em&gt;We shouldn't stay stuck with the status quo.  Let us move forward with our goals.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No nos vayamos todavía.  Quiero quedarme otro rato. | &lt;em&gt;Don't let's go yet.  I want to stay a little longer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T04:05:10.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24342" CreationDate="2018-03-01T13:25:47.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe otra alternativa y es usar el punto y coma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segun la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XAD3nkRJmD6NjdyDQ0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XAD3nkRJmD6NjdyDQ0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Para separar los elementos de una enumeración cuando se trata de expresiones complejas que incluyen comas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea que si las expresiones de la lista que se van a enumerar usan comas el punto y coma sería el signo que se usa para separarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma RAE dice que: (resaltado mío)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El punto y coma es, de todos los signos de puntuación, &lt;strong&gt;el que presenta un mayor grado de subjetividad en su empleo&lt;/strong&gt;, pues, en muchos casos, es posible optar, en su lugar, por otro signo de puntuación, como el punto y seguido, los dos puntos o la coma; pero esto no significa que el punto y coma sea un signo prescindible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero se podría pensar en el punto  y coma como &amp;quot;un nivel superior&amp;quot; de la coma, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...receta se necesitan 1,5; 2,5 y 2,5 cucharadas de azúcar, aceite y harina,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque oficialmente se dice que en Colombia usamos la coma para separar los decimales, la realidad es que el uso del punto es el más extendido por lo tanto no tenemos este problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T13:25:47.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24354" CreationDate="2018-03-01T13:30:34.047" Score="3" ViewCount="598" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like information about the use of this plural, &lt;em&gt;gentes&lt;/em&gt; in place of &lt;em&gt;gente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is it countable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the rules and use examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9086" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T14:28:52.040" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T02:58:54.043" Title="When to use 'gentes'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;nombres-colectivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24353" CreationDate="2018-03-01T13:44:23.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;About the noun &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XcPmL59kZD69pNCpor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/em&gt; says the following (bold mine for everything plural-related, I removed everything else):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;strong&gt;español general&lt;/strong&gt;, este sustantivo femenino se emplea como nombre colectivo no contable (...) Como otros nombres colectivos, &lt;strong&gt;admite un plural expresivo, usado casi exclusivamente en la lengua literaria&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Fue ella quien me introdujo en las cosas, en las comidas, en &lt;strong&gt;las gentes&lt;/strong&gt; de aquí»&lt;/em&gt; (Benedetti &lt;em&gt;Primavera&lt;/em&gt; [Ur. 1982]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En el español de &lt;strong&gt;ciertas zonas de América&lt;/strong&gt;, especialmente en México y varios países centroamericanos, &lt;strong&gt;se usa también con el sentido de ‘persona o individuo’, es decir, como sustantivo contable y no colectivo&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Luis era una gente muy caballerosa»&lt;/em&gt; (Prensa [Nic.] 3.2.97); &lt;strong&gt;con este sentido, su uso en plural es obligado cuando se desea aludir a más de una persona&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Alrededor de la tina, en la que podían caber &lt;strong&gt;cinco gentes&lt;/strong&gt;, había muchas plantas»&lt;/em&gt; (Mastretta &lt;em&gt;Vida&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1990]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: if you're using a regional variety of Spanish where &amp;quot;gente&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;person&amp;quot; and is countable, then the plural follows the usual rules; in any other case, saying &amp;quot;las gentes&amp;quot; is literary language and barely anybody does it unless you want to sound pompous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T02:58:54.043" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24359" CreationDate="2018-03-02T02:19:36.050" Score="9" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando la etimología de niño, aparece en el DLE como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QW5mMvv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;niño, ña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De la voz infantil &lt;em&gt;ninno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en otros sitios que la voz es del latín vulgar. El término como tal en español, aparece escrito al menos desde hace poco menos de 800 años como muestra el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/02582785400247240759079/p0000001.htm#5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Libro de la infancia y muerte de Jesús&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo llama la atención que términos similares se usan solo en unas cuantas lenguas bastante cercanas entre las romances (asturiano o gallego por ej.), en otras lenguas se utiliza más el &lt;em&gt;infante&lt;/em&gt; (término del latín culto), el &lt;em&gt;bambino&lt;/em&gt; italiano, el &lt;em&gt;nen&lt;/em&gt; catalán, o en un idioma más 'cercano' el &lt;em&gt;criança&lt;/em&gt; portugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me hace curioso que si el término viene del latín vulgar solo sobreviva en pocas lenguas. ¿Pueden ayudarme para confirmar el origen del vocablo en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T07:23:59.447" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T02:08:58.360" Title="Acerca de la etimología de niño" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-02T08:31:32.623" Score="1" ViewCount="11862" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; When I refer to Alguno I'm referring to all of its forms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; Alguno means - one, some, someone(or similar meanings) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Adjective&lt;/strong&gt; Alguno means - a, some(or similar meanings)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&#xA;This was taken from the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1233/alg%C3%BAn-to-represent-an-indefinite-quantity&quot;&gt;Algún to represent an indefinite quantity?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While alguno/Alguna are used for singular names and algunos/algunas for plural names you can use &quot;alguno/alguna&quot; for plural if you use the preposition &quot;de&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno de mis amigos no fue a la fiesta. Some of my friends were not at the party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno amigos no fueron a la fiesta. Some friends were not at the party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos de mis amigos no fue a la fiesta. Some of my friends were not&#xA;  at the party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is this also correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;secondly, in the second sentence &quot;Alguno amigos&quot; -the singular form is used with amigos - was used even though the preposition &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; was not used. I am confused as to why alguno stays in the singular form in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;algún idiota dejó la puerta abierta some fool left the door open&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this sentence &quot;some fool&quot; places no emphasis on gender so why was algún used and how does one decide in such a case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;some of / one of&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos de mis amigos son médicos - Some of my friends are doctors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Conoces a alguna de las niñas? - Do you know some of the girls?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno de ustedes tiene que acompañarme.One of you has to come with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;why is this use of alguno classified as a pronoun rather than an adjective? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I ate some of the apples(to me &quot;some of&quot; acts as a quantitative adjective)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; I ate some apples (to me &quot;some&quot; acts as a pronoun)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;one vs some&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a salir  con algunas de las chicas. I'm going out with one of the&#xA;  girls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a estudiar con algunas de las madres. I'm going to study with some&#xA;  of the mothers.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres alguno más? Do you want one more?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres alguno más? Do you want some more?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how do i correctly use alguno to mean one or some?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alguno to me a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿conoces algún hotel barato? do you know a cheap hotel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Compraste alguna blusa en la tienda? Did you buy a blouse in the&#xA;  store?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes alguna camiseta que me puedes prestar?Do you have a shirt that&#xA;  you can lend me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tienes alguna mascota en tu casa? Do you have a pet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenemos algunas bolsas, pero vamos a necesitar más.We have a few bags,&#xA;  but we'll be needing more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that alguno can mean &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; is very confusing to me. how do you know if the intended meaning is a, one or some?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun Alguno vs alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno tiene que ayudarme con mi tarea de matemáticas.Someone has to&#xA;  help me with my math homework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me puede ayudar alguno a cambiar una llanta pinchada?Can someone help&#xA;  me change a flat tire?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito a alguien que pueda hablar inglés. I need someone who can&#xA;  speak English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguien dejó estas flores sobre mi escritorio. Someone left these&#xA;  flowers on my desk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguien en la casa?Is there someone in the house?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Está alguien en peligro?Is someone in danger?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any differences between  Alguno and alguien or can they be used interchangeably when the meaning is &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T04:01:20.380" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T04:01:20.380" Title="How do you use Alguno and its other forms correctly?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24357" CreationDate="2018-03-02T12:17:09.957" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Palabras 'comunes' no tienen que ser cognados en todas las lenguas romances. Tomemos, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nm4zr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nm4zr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, los cognados de &lt;em&gt;niño&lt;/em&gt; sí existen en varios otros idiomas con una definición similar (&lt;em&gt;chico, hijo, infante&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latín vulgar&lt;/code&gt; *ninus&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Castellano antiguo&lt;/code&gt; *ninno&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Castellano&lt;/code&gt; niño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Lombardo&lt;/code&gt; ninno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Napolitano&lt;/code&gt; ninno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aragonés&lt;/code&gt; nino, ninno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mirandés&lt;/code&gt; nino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Italiano&lt;/code&gt; nino&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Galiciano&lt;/code&gt; neno&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sardo&lt;/code&gt; nennu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Asturiano&lt;/code&gt; neñu, ñeñu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Leonés&lt;/code&gt; neñu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Catalán&lt;/code&gt; nen, nin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y posiblemente también estas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latín vulgar&lt;/code&gt; *ninus (?)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Portugués antiguo&lt;/code&gt; meninho, meninno, menynno, menỹo&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Galiciano&lt;/code&gt; meniño, miniño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Portugués&lt;/code&gt; menino, minino&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Castellano&lt;/code&gt; menino&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Francés&lt;/code&gt; menin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/53Z9l.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/53Z9l.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/46x4f0/the_word_child_in_european_languages/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/46x4f0/the_word_child_in_european_languages/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/4i5b7e/the_word_boy_in_the_romance_languages_of_italy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/4i5b7e/the_word_boy_in_the_romance_languages_of_italy/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/5d53gq/etymology_map_for_the_word_left_in_europe_oc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.reddit.com/r/etymologymaps/comments/5d53gq/etymology_map_for_the_word_left_in_europe_oc/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T02:18:57.707" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T02:18:57.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1233" CreationDate="2018-03-02T12:30:00.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Meaning 3 of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1oOa9Jk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alguno, na&lt;/a&gt; in the DLE makes explicit that the singular can mean a &lt;em&gt;restricted and nonspecific&lt;/em&gt; number of the thing in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F5SXV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F5SXV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore you can use &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; to mean an unknown number, provided that you guess/know the actual number is not too different from one (hence the singular, maybe?,) but maybe two, or three (or zero.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T14:08:05.947" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T14:08:05.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24348" CreationDate="2018-03-02T13:09:03.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente, son las dos. La segunda definición es un eufemismo ampliamente aceptado.&#xA;La primera, sin embargo, esta cayendo en desuso desde hace tiempo, siendo sustituida por palabras menos específicas como bodega. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10778" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T13:09:03.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25940" CreationDate="2018-03-02T13:20:17.930" Score="3" ViewCount="1452" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unos días descubrí que la palabra &lt;code&gt;humarea&lt;/code&gt; no existe, si no que el término correcto es &lt;code&gt;humareda&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedé bastante sorprendido, ya que jamás había escuchado a nadie decir &lt;code&gt;humareda&lt;/code&gt;, pero sí &lt;code&gt;humarea&lt;/code&gt;. Imagino que algunos se estarán llevando las manos a la cabeza ahora mismo, mientras que a lo mejor otros están teniendo el momento de &quot;no puede ser, ¿de verdad?&quot; que tuve yo en su momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, la pregunta es la siguiente: dado que no aparece en la RAE me gustaría saber si esto ocurre también fuera de Andalucía, es decir, busco usos de la palabra &quot;humarea&quot; si es que los hubiera o un no rotundo a su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-31T12:46:27.727" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T13:39:39.230" Title="Se dice humareda, pero en mi vida he escuchado algo que no sea humarea" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;síncopa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24358" CreationDate="2018-03-02T18:00:44.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;1.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your original intuition (in the linked question) is almost right, there is only a nuance you may have been missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Algún/alguno/alguna&lt;/strong&gt; are singular, while &lt;strong&gt;algunos/algunas&lt;/strong&gt; are plural. They all have to match in number with the words being modified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nuance is that the singular can mean a &lt;em&gt;restricted&lt;/em&gt; number. You use singular to mean one, but the root adds the sense of 'approximately'. Hence when you say &lt;strong&gt;algún&lt;/strong&gt; you could translate it as either &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; or (arguably better) &lt;em&gt;a few&lt;/em&gt;, or, freely but more expressively: &lt;em&gt;one or two (or maybe three?)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno de mis amigos no fue a la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few of my friends weren't at the party&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguno amigos [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is wrong: &lt;strong&gt;alguno&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;amigos&lt;/strong&gt; must match in number: either &lt;em&gt;algún amigo [mío]&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;algunos amigos [míos]&lt;/em&gt;. You get the freedom to use the singular in the first case for the same reason why in English you can say &lt;em&gt;one of my friends was [somewhere]&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;many of my friends were [somewhere]&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;De mis amigos&lt;/em&gt; is only a modifier and does not need to match in number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algunos de mis amigos no fue a la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also wrong: the subject is &lt;strong&gt;algunos&lt;/strong&gt; and must match the verb &lt;strong&gt;fue&lt;/strong&gt;: algunos de mis amigos no &lt;em&gt;fueron&lt;/em&gt; a la fiesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the masculine gender doubles as neuter son when you don't want/need to specify you just go with it. This is especially common in plurals: anyone can say &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; to mean a group of mixed gender. In this case, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you said &lt;em&gt;alguna idiota&lt;/em&gt; you are saying you know it was a woman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is ambiguous and you want to make explicit that the fool was male, you have to add a word, e.g. &lt;em&gt;algún hombre idiota&lt;/em&gt;, but this is rarely needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;3.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguno&lt;/em&gt; as a pronoun in this case because adjectives can't be subject or object of the sentence without becoming pronouns (de ustedes is a &lt;em&gt;complemento del nombre&lt;/em&gt;, and thus just a modifier.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a difference with the way of counting in English (I'm afraid,) and may help solve your other concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alguno de ustedes&lt;/strong&gt; is singular. The emphasis is put in &lt;em&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt; and may mean &lt;em&gt;any of you&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;a few of you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;4.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this one was clarified in no. 1: if you use &lt;em&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt; you mean a small number (&lt;em&gt;a few&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;one or two&lt;/em&gt;, or even &lt;em&gt;any[one]&lt;/em&gt;, by this meaning: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lyVEQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lyVEQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;7th meaning of alguno/na, according to the DLE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;5.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is that &lt;em&gt;algún/a&lt;/em&gt; here means &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt;: Do you know any cheap hotels? Of course, &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; is singular and so must be &lt;em&gt;hotel&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;6.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alguien&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alguno&lt;/em&gt; may be synonyms by some meanings, and, up to a point, they can be used interchangeably, practice will tell you when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZWUe2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZWUe2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T18:00:44.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24358" CreationDate="2018-03-02T20:28:51.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wow, this is a huge question. I'll try to answer, but please try to make them shorter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, it seems that you've got a big mess here, but you're almost right, so we just have to &quot;straighten&quot; it out a tiny bit. I think you just need to sort them up and draw the lines that separate them well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First of all&lt;/strong&gt;, you should set a clear distinction between the determiners and pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Determiners are {algún, alguna, algunos, algunas}&#xA;while the pronouns are {alguno, alguna, algunos, algunas}. Of course they correspond to genders and plurals, as you can easily tell. Check that they are the same except for the masculine singular (algún vs. alguno).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determiners&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As determiners, algún/alguna mean &lt;code&gt;someone&lt;/code&gt;, as in &lt;code&gt;certain one of the group under consideration&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This explains (2) &lt;code&gt;algún idiota = one idiot / certain idiot&lt;/code&gt; (or &quot;alguna idiota&quot;, which would mean that you know it was a girl); and also (6): &lt;code&gt;algún hotel = any hotel / certain hotel&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their plural form is more easily translated as &quot;some&quot; or &quot;any&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Algunas cosas = some things / certain things.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronouns&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As pronouns, they work in a very simlar way as any other pronoun. They just replace the equivalent name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alguno&quot; or &quot;alguna&quot; mean &quot;someone&quot; or &quot;one of those of the group&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(4): ¿conoces alguno más? = do you know any other else?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &quot;algunos&quot; / &quot;algunas&quot; is again &quot;some/any&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Algunos son verdes&quot; = some of them are green.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alguien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nice question. &quot;Alguno&quot; and &quot;alguna&quot; are more likely to be applied to objects, although they can be used for people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;alguien&quot; is less definite, &quot;less pointer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;code&gt;¿hay alguien? = is there anybody there?&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;¿hay alguno?&lt;/code&gt; which would be interpreted as &quot;is there anyone OF YOU?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronoun + de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The group &quot;alguno+de&quot; and its forms can be considered as a single entity, but it is actualy quite literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alguno de vosotros = certain one of you, someone among you.&#xA;&#xA;Algunas de las chicas = certain ones of the group of girls / some of the girls.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T20:28:51.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-03T08:33:47.910" Score="2" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua indica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yg1OhNZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un suizo&lt;/a&gt; es, entre otras cosas, un &quot;Bollo especial de harina, huevo y azúcar.&quot;, que no parece tener ninguna relación con los demás significados de la palabra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué &quot;suizo&quot; es un bollo especial? ¿Y qué tiene de especial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18923" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T17:52:02.673" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T17:55:28.560" Title="¿Por qué &quot;suizo&quot; es un bollo especial?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19075" CreationDate="2018-03-03T08:41:29.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Db0Re2P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deuteragonista&lt;/a&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las obras literarias o análogas, personaje que sigue en importancia al protagonista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18923" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T08:41:29.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2018-03-03T09:23:28.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre lo usé con el significado de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;comer el coco [a alguien], comer la cabeza [a alguien]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;comerle la oreja&lt;/strong&gt; sería lo mismo pero sin ser tan evidente que el receptor ha asimilado el discurso (aún no llegó tan hondo de comerle la cabeza, aún anda por la oreja). Hace más referencia a lo pesado que es uno respecto al otro para convencerlo de algo, como una mosca cojonera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sugestionar por insistencia verbal [a alguien] para que adquiera una opinión determinada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18924" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:38:05.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4242" CreationDate="2018-03-03T10:20:20.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://eljuegodelataba.blogspot.com/2018/01/insultos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;algún lugar de internet&lt;/a&gt; (autor: Elías Moro Cuéllar) he encontrado este texto:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En mi vida de lector, pocas veces, por no decir ninguna, me he tropezado con una sarta de insultos tan rica, tan extensa, tan con mala leche como esta del peruano Alberto Hidalgo dedicada al dos veces presidente del Perú Luis Miguel Sánchez-Cerro e incluida en este raro volumen, una edición privada que se editó en Buenos Aires en 1937.&#xA;  No parece, no, que el de Arequipa tuviera en mucha estima al militar limeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahí va esa retahíla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es mucho. Basta ya de él. Hay que darle de una vez, como a los toros, el golpe de puntilla. En cuanto lo nombro, siento bajarme hasta la pluma, desde todos los extremos del alma, un tropel de adjetivos para califi­carlo mental, física y moralmente. Recitador de los dis­cursos que otros escriben, Sánchez-Cerro es el esfínter por donde se evacúa la estupidez de los secretarios. Por eso es chato, anodino, difuso, cursi, adocenado, digresi­vo, soporífero, ecoico, diluente, huero, ripioso, enriscado, banal, estólido, estulto, filatero, gárrulo, fruselero, gedeónico, blando, ezquerdeado, gelatinoso, vacío, hila­rante, burdo, bellaco, ignorante, charlatán, majadero, chirle, dengoso, zafio, diárrico, inane, cándido, latero, inconcino, minúsculo, nulo, insípido, farragoso, nescien­te, orillero, remedón, trefe, volatero, insignificante y ramplón. Es roñoso, pestilente, grosero, pusilánime, cochino, adefésico, eclámptico; fétido, escolimoso, hirsuto, fotófobo, zullón, lechuguino, currutaco, sotreta y huevón. Es arribista, pícaro, rapaz, trepador, venal, avieso, pi­llo, tunante, gregario; fanfarrón, embustero, tenebroso, hipócrita, taimado, escatológico, marrajo, cenagoso, men­daz, cínico, cocador, nocivo, atrabiliario, coccígeo, estú­pido, zorronglón, intruso, inmoral, deyectado, nepótico, zolocho, ambidextro, equívoco, zopenco, dingolondango­so, ruin, falaz, trapacero, fraudulento, lacroso, lúteo, intérlope, pravo, fecal, mazorral, lordósico, infando, im­púdico, histrión, siniestro, simulador, rastrero, pérfi­do, vitando, esquizofrénico, perillán, abyecto, mezquino, torpe, miserable, necio, ridículo, truhán, bribón, vene­noso, turbio, adulón, artero, apostático, servil, alevoso, epiléptico, perverso, funesto, protervo, cobarde y cana­lla. Todavía le hacen falta unos sustantivos: es un ba­cín, un microbio, un rufián, una bazofia, una calamidad, un cacaseno, un estropajo, un bufón, un cachivache, un sirle, un turiferario, un camaleón, una úlcera, una cloa­ca, un carnaval, un juglar, un Rigoletto, un insulto, un agravio, un cabrón, un comodín, un fariseo, una cu­caracha, un estantino, un gargajo, un piojo, un homini­caco, un monigote, un payaso, una posma, un vituperio, un ultraje, un galafate, un parásito, un sayón, un esbi­rro, un sátrapa, un fronterizo, un retardado, un esqui­zoide, un traidor, un degenerado, un baldón, un lacayo, un impostor y un perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18923" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T17:49:24.633" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:49:24.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2018-03-03T13:36:25.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's what the cited article says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El economista Néstor Avendaño insistió ante la primera secretaría de la Asamblea Nacional en su &lt;strong&gt;solicitud de desafuero&lt;/strong&gt; para el diputado Eduardo Montealegre, a quien acusa de injurias y calumnias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's notice that the noun being affected is an individual person.  In that case, I would suggest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;impeach&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;unseat&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;impeach: &lt;strong&gt;1b&lt;/strong&gt; To bring formal charges against (a public official) for wrongdoing while in office. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thefreedictionary.com/impeach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;American Heritage&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;unseat: &lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; To dislodge from a location or position, especially to remove from office. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thefreedictionary.com/unseat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;American Heritage&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A helpful resource for you in this kind of challenge is &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguee.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linguee.com&lt;/a&gt;, which sometimes includes side-by-side Spanish and English taken from European Union documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Next time, the better place to ask about translating &lt;strong&gt;from Spanish to English&lt;/strong&gt; would be &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;English Language and Usage&lt;/a&gt;, where this type of question is on topic.  (Strictly speaking, here it is not.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:36:25.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1384" CreationDate="2018-03-03T13:47:37.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't answer for Venezuela or Chile, but in Mexico the term most often used is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latinoamérica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:47:37.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1329" CreationDate="2018-03-03T13:57:44.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to &lt;strong&gt;incómodo&lt;/strong&gt; which has already been suggested, &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguee.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee.com&lt;/a&gt; (which I suggest you take a look at) also suggests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;delicado, extraño, dificil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when describing a &lt;em&gt;situation&lt;/em&gt; (as opposed to a person).  Which is what you appear to be asking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can help us help you by including a sample context.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T13:57:44.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-03T15:09:14.063" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;My son is trying out for soccer team. All but 3 of the 40+ students speak Spanish as their primary language. They keep calling my son something. He said it sounds like me-gay. I am not entirely sure how to spell it in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are they calling him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18925" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T02:38:04.427" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T02:38:04.427" Title="What are they saying to my son?" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2018-03-04T12:40:29.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24366" CreationDate="2018-03-03T17:47:27.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollo_suizo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El bollo suizo (a veces simplemente suizo) es un bollo tipo brioche elaborado en las pastelerías madrileñas. &lt;strong&gt;Debe su nombre y su popularidad por haberse elaborado en el ya cerrado Café Suizo de Madrid&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a lo de &quot;qué tiene de especial&quot; (y un poco más sobre las historia del bollo y su nombre)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nombre originario dado a este tipo de bollo madrileño es el de bollo de leche y se servía como desayuno y merienda habitualmente en los cafés de finales del siglo XIX en Madrid. &lt;strong&gt;La oferta tan exitosa que se hacía de él en Café Suizo&lt;/strong&gt; hizo que al principio se les denominase &quot;bollos del suizo&quot; y finalmente simplemente como «suizos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se indica por qué se hicieron tan populares, más allá de citar lo cuidado de su elaboración y una &quot;promoción del producto&quot; acertada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T17:55:28.560" LastActivityDate="2018-03-03T17:55:28.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24373" CreationDate="2018-03-03T18:16:40.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amigo&quot; (friend) sounds to some extent like &quot;me gay&quot;. It is one of the very few things that hand those &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;g&lt;/code&gt;m sounds similar to waht you describe and would be used in such context. One could try to convey its pronunciation as &quot;aa-m-EE-g-oh&quot;, &quot;uh-mee-goh&quot; or &quot;ah-mee-gaw&quot;. Judge for yourself &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dS7BfaPsxpY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVEqO9R-R-w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Be aware that pronunciation can vary according to the country of origin of those kids, among other things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Amigo&quot; and &quot;me-gay&quot; are completely different to me (a native Spanish speaker), but depending on how they say it, your own listening skills (or those of whoever described the word to you) and other nuances (like the problem of how to describe what you heard in written form on the Internet), it might be the word you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T02:46:21.927" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T02:46:21.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2018-03-03T19:53:34.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace referencia a que &quot;susurrar&quot; y &quot;comer&quot; tienen gestos bucales similares. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Comerle la oreja a alguien&lt;/code&gt; significa &lt;code&gt;tratar de convencerlo, de forma insistente&lt;/code&gt;, pero yo añadiría que es de forma sutil. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Comer la oreja&quot; no es convencer con un debate de ideas, sino que más bien es tratar de llevártelo poco a poco adonde tú quieres; es &lt;em&gt;sembrar dudas&lt;/em&gt; en el otro, hasta que poco a poco se empieza a convencer de lo que tú dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, creo que los &quot;susurros continuos&quot; son la conexión entre la expresión y su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T17:36:31.087" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:36:31.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24381" CreationDate="2018-03-03T21:58:17.237" Score="2" ViewCount="402" Body="&lt;p&gt;What form is &lt;em&gt;normally&lt;/em&gt; used when talking to people like sales clerks, waiters? (It seems to me that real life Spanish is quite different from what the phrase books say).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16929" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-03T23:23:49.323" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:34:30.083" Title="Talking to strangers - tú or usted?" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24299" CreationDate="2018-03-04T02:00:28.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;59 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué le refleja el espejo mágico, ni los listos lo saben. Que es, fue, y será.&#xA;  Ve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T22:34:17.463" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:34:17.463" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-04T02:00:28.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24378" CreationDate="2018-03-04T17:23:58.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what the phrase books say, but &lt;strong&gt;in Latin America&lt;/strong&gt;, you can't go wrong with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This always comes across as respectful with someone you don't know well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This next part is some bonus information which is based on cultural norms in Mexico.  I can't vouch for other Latin American countries.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a good idea to tack on the equivalent of &lt;em&gt;sir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ma'am&lt;/em&gt;, as is often done in the South of the United States, to almost anything you are going to say to a restaurant, hotel or store worker:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señor&lt;/strong&gt; for a man in general&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señora&lt;/strong&gt; for a woman in general&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Joven&lt;/strong&gt; for a young man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señorita&lt;/strong&gt; for a young woman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Seño&lt;/strong&gt; for a woman when you're going back and forth between &lt;em&gt;Señora&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Señorita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jovencito, jovencita&lt;/strong&gt; for a child (for example in a small restaurant or hotel, a child as young as eight might be helping out, e.g. bringing water)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Politeness tip:&lt;/strong&gt; Be very liberal with your &lt;strong&gt;greetings, good-byes, and thanks.&lt;/strong&gt;  The norm for these small polite expressions is &lt;em&gt;much higher&lt;/em&gt; than in many parts of the U.S. at least.  (Can't say, regarding the UK, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observation about the tú/usted dilemma regarding foreigners traveling in Mexico: Many Mexicans automatically make a big shift in their politeness norms with regard to foreigners.  They often address foreigners as &quot;tú,&quot; in the same way they would address a child as &quot;tú.&quot;  Thus, just because a stranger in a market is addressing you as &quot;tú&quot; does not necessarily mean that is the cultural norm in that location.  It is more reliable to observe how local citizens talk to people they don't know well, to find out what is the norm in a particular location, than to go by the forms of address being used by strangers who are talking to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T17:34:30.083" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T17:34:30.083" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24382" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-04T17:38:29.333" Score="3" ViewCount="709" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is only about Spanish from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read on the Internet that 'Bonito/Bonita' was only for things, not for men or women?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct or weird to use 'un hombre bonito'? (I know it's considered correct in American Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE says that it means to have beautifulness (belleza), nothing in their definition could imply that's not correct. I just want to be sure. Speakers would probably prefer to use guapo/guapa and to keep the use of bonito for things, but is a word misuse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9086" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T18:12:10.970" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:12:18.883" Title="Bonito/Bonita: only for *things*? (Spanish from Spain, please)" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24385" CreationDate="2018-03-04T18:21:11.433" Score="1" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read in the RAE that niño bonito/niña bonita was an expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean exactly and what is the etymology or the origin of this expression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9086" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:04:23.620" Title="What is colloquially 'un niño bonito'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-05T01:03:09.247" Score="5" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;In place of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apago las luces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we may make the verb reflexive of its subject and say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las luces se apagan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in order to emphasize the object instead of the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some verbs already are pronoun verbs such as &lt;em&gt;sentirse&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;referirse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, if we have the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para estar alegre, uno necesita sentirse seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but we want to make the verb reflexive in its subject, should we write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para estar alegre, se necesita sentirse seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para estar alegre, se necesita sentir seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18929" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T09:31:45.807" Title="Making a pronoun verb reflexive of its subject" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24383" CreationDate="2018-03-05T03:21:49.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE explains it clearly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QW5mMvv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;niño, ña bonito, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona que recibe un trato privilegiado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Joven presumido e insustancial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first one it implies that someone is put &lt;em&gt;above&lt;/em&gt; the rest just because they are &quot;more special&quot;. The &quot;history&quot; could be the association between &quot;preferred&quot; and &quot;better looking&quot;. We tend to like more the things that are prettier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second is like addressing someone as &quot;pretty boy&quot;, and should be self explanatory. &quot;Etymologically&quot; might just be a ironic usage of the word or meaning &quot;pretty but empty, inane&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T04:04:23.620" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:04:23.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24384" CreationDate="2018-03-05T03:41:01.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first consideration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In place of: &amp;quot;Apago las luces,&amp;quot; we may make the verb reflexive of its subject and say: &amp;quot;Las luces se apagan&amp;quot; in order to emphasize the object instead of the subject.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is not accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the passive voice can be formed with the particle &amp;quot;se,&amp;quot; the passive meaning is not always present when &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; is there. In fact, &lt;em&gt;apagarse&lt;/em&gt; can be understood as a pronominal verb used to indicate that the action takes place without the necessary participation of an agent (perhaps the lights go out automatically when the day breaks, or because there is a blackout, and not necessarily because somebody turns them off).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;sentirse&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;referirse&amp;quot; are clearly pronominal. Now, your sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) *Para estar alegre, se necesita sentirse seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) *Para estar alegre, se necesita sentir seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are ungrammatical because you cannot use a pronominal verb after an impersonal one (sentence 1 above) and because &amp;quot;sentirse&amp;quot; &lt;strong&gt;needs&lt;/strong&gt; to be pronominal to make sense in this case (sentence 2 above), so some other alternative has to be found if you want to do away with &amp;quot;uno&amp;quot; and make the sentence impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para estar alegre, &lt;strong&gt;es necesario&lt;/strong&gt; sentirse seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para estar alegre, &lt;strong&gt;se necesita&lt;/strong&gt; sentir seguridad. (less idiomatic, less natural than the former, but equally correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the book &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=BG0GQqBL3OQC&amp;amp;pg=PA23&amp;amp;lpg=PA23&amp;amp;dq=%22dos%20verbos%20pronominales%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=doc9FtAa-7&amp;amp;sig=tmxUEsXKbtaG7KNQ_syUvr13CZY&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjHg-_J_NXZAhWyrFkKHVStC7YQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22dos%20verbos%20pronominales%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Valores gramaticales de &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; by Leonardo Gómez Torrego we can find this interesting reference to the coexistence of two pronominal verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yuuja.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yuuja.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Dos verbos pronominales seguidos&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can observe that this phenomenon is possible because both verbs, the finite and the nonfinite one, &lt;strong&gt;share the same subject&lt;/strong&gt;. Another case in which this coexistence of pronominal verbs is possible occurs when one of them is passive and an indirect object (which functions as the tacit subject of the infinitive) is implicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; recomienda quedar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; sentado. (Staying seated is recommended.)&#xA;(This can also be understood as: Se recomienda &lt;strong&gt;a la gente&lt;/strong&gt; quedarse sentada, where &amp;quot;la gente&amp;quot; is the subject of &amp;quot;quedarse sentada&amp;quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it is ungrammatical to have two pronominal verbs in a sequence when the first one (A) is impersonal or (B) is in a passive form that does not allow for a tacit indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(A)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Se necesita quedarse sentado. (incorrect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Se puede quedarse parado. (incorrect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Se debe quedarse quieto. (incorrect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, one has to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es necesario quedarse sentado / Uno tiene que quedarse sentado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es posible quedarse parado / Uno puede quedarse parado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es obligatorio quedarse quieto / Uno debe quedarse quieto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(B)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*Se abolió vestirse de luto. (incorrect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se prohibió (a la gente) vestirse de luto. (correct)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se autorizó (a la gente) vestirse de luto. (correct)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se exige (a la gente) vestirse de luto. (correct)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se permite (a la gente) vestirse de luto. (correct)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se requiere (a la gente) vestirse de luto. (correct)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T09:31:45.807" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24382" CreationDate="2018-03-05T04:12:18.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it is correct, we favor &quot;guapo/guapa&quot; for people, unless you are talking about babies. It could still be okay to address as &quot;bonita&quot; to a young girl, but if would sound awkward for men.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it is not just used for things, but when addressing people and almos always &quot;people of short age&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can definitely say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bonito! Eres el bebé más bonito que he visto en mi vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning that he is a cute baby. Not just &quot;good looking&quot; but overall &quot;beautiful&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would indeed weird to say that a man is &quot;bonito&quot; instead of &quot;guapo&quot; or &quot;atractivo&quot;. It would be like calling a man &quot;beautiful&quot; instead of handsome. Technically you could do it, but you are going to favor &quot;handsome&quot; for a number of connotations on both words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T04:12:18.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1329" CreationDate="2018-03-05T18:57:50.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other two possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desagradable&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/desagradable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/desagradable&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;espinoso&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/espinoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/espinoso&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5466" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T18:57:50.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24362" CreationDate="2018-03-05T19:23:55.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile (donde llegaron muchos andaluces) se acostumbra a eliminar la letra D de la última sílaba, de manera que se dice &quot;ciudá&quot; (ciudad), &quot;humarea&quot; (humareda), &quot;perdío&quot; (perdido), &quot;acabao&quot; (acabado), etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En consecuencia, en aquel rincón perdido del mundo se usa y entiende la palabra &quot;humarea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T19:23:55.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24390" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24393" CreationDate="2018-03-05T19:25:24.940" Score="7" ViewCount="1678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently listened to audiobook versions of the Don Winslow books &quot;The Power of the Dog&quot; and &quot;The Cartel&quot;, which are about the Mexican drug trade. Although these are English-language titles, they frequently use Spanish words and phrases for certain things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One word that gets used frequently sounds like &quot;piso&quot;. One gang or cartel will pay a &quot;piso&quot; (or however it is spelled) to another gang/cartel to operate in their territory. Judging from the context, my impression is that the word means something like &quot;offering&quot; or &quot;toll&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the word is used frequently, I tried to look up its definition, but all I've found is that &quot;piso&quot; means &quot;floor&quot;. However, I found that the verb &quot;pisar&quot; means &quot;to set foot in&quot;, which seems close to the concept of paying to operate in someone else's territory, so perhaps the word is a (slang?) conjugation of &quot;pisar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18940" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T02:37:29.593" LastActivityDate="2020-02-16T17:45:04.923" Title="Word that sounds like &quot;piso&quot;, means something like &quot;offering&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24390" CreationDate="2018-03-05T20:04:25.417" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a Spanish expression that goes &quot;pagar derecho de piso&quot; which is like the English &quot;to pay their dues&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you are new at school or the office people might be less nice to you at first until you prove yourself somehow. That's the common metaphorical meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more literal meaning is when you want to work somewhere and the owner of the place makes you pay a fee. Since this fee is usually fixed and it does not depend on how much money you make from your job, you could say that you are paying the owner just for the right to be standing there. Using his &quot;floor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11083" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T20:04:25.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-05T22:15:46.253" Score="4" ViewCount="2749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curioseando en el Diccionario de la lengua he encontrado que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SPSNBuG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer a pelo y a pluma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Ser bisexual  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TQKRqRS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer a pluma y a pelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;hacer a todo.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer a todo&lt;/strong&gt; alguien&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Estar dispuesto, o ser a propósito, para servir en todo aquello a lo que se quiera aplicar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Estar en disposición de recibir algo que le den.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es que el cambio de orden relativo de &quot;pluma&quot; y &quot;pelo&quot; transforma tan radicalmente el significado de la locución?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Autoridades se recoge &lt;strong&gt;Hacer a pluma y a pelo&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Phrase que significa estar dispuesto a admitir y recibir todo lo que se ofrezca, de qualquier especie que sea, con alusion à las aves y à la caza de animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastEditorDisplayName="user18936" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T05:57:25.360" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T05:57:25.360" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;hacer a pelo y a pluma&quot; y &quot;hacer a pluma y a pelo&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24390" CreationDate="2018-03-05T23:14:51.750" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word is indeed &lt;em&gt;piso&lt;/em&gt;, this is its first occurrence in &lt;em&gt;The Cartel&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When Adán ruled the trade, it didn’t matter—he controlled the border crossings into El Paso, Laredo, and San Diego. But with him out of power, the Sinaloans have to pay a &lt;em&gt;piso&lt;/em&gt; —a tax— to bring their product across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it seems to be a short form for &lt;em&gt;derecho de piso&lt;/em&gt;, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.insightcrime.org/noticias/analisis/que-impulsa-narcotrafico-maritimo-latinoamerica/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; shows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, menos atención ha recibido el presunto aumento significativo en el tráfico de drogas a lo largo de la costa pacífica. El libro señala que el Cartel de Sinaloa ostenta un férreo control sobre el Pacífico mexicano, y que puede cobrar “derecho de piso” (una tarifa que les permite a los narcotraficantes operar en determinadas áreas) en la costa occidental del país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/derecho-de-piso/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other article&lt;/a&gt;, the expression &lt;em&gt;derecho de piso&lt;/em&gt; has its origins in a contribution that farm workers had to pay to the land owner for the right to build their houses in the land.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In modern usage the expression is used to describe any disadvantageous conditions newcomers have to accept before being treated as equals. (&lt;em&gt;to pay your dues&lt;/em&gt; as Santiago's answer says)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T23:14:51.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24394" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-06T01:07:16.010" Score="1" ViewCount="2355" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do I sometimes see the reflexive pronoun in a verbal phrase (either before or attached to a command or progressive form) and sometimes not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've finally come to understand that reflexive verbs in Spanish require the reflexive pronoun even when they are used in an infinitive form with an auxiliary verb.  One of the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/baZWX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/baZWX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;must be tacked on to the infinitive or come before the verbal phrase.  It isn't optional.  But, sometimes I will see two versions of a verbal phrase — examples with the reflexive pronoun attached to the verb and others without.  This has caused some confusion for me.  Can anyone clear this up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué veo el pronombre reflexivo en una frase (ya sea antes o apegado a una forma imperativa o progresiva) y a veces no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente entiendo que verbos reflexivos en español necesitan el pronombre reflexivo aún cuando se usan en una forma infinitiva con un verbo auxiliar.  Uno de los siguientes ... [véanse la imagen arriba] ... debe ser añadido al infinitivo o antes de la frase verbal.  No es opcional.  Pero, a veces veo dos versiones de una frase verbal — ejemplos con el pronombre reflexivo añadido y otros sin él.  Esto me ha causado confusión.  ¿Puede alguien aclarar esto para mí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:45:21.133" Title="Why do I sometimes see the reflexive pronoun in a verbal phrase (either before or attached to a command or progressive form) and sometimes not?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24394" CreationDate="2018-03-06T01:07:16.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you don't see a reflexive pronoun in the verbal phrase, it isn't a reflexive usage of the verb.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I’m going to use a concrete example to try to help answer this a bit more fully (and, for full disclosure, as the original poster of this question, this is what led me down this road of inquiry in the first place).  The example I will use is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;podríamos saltarnos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and I’ll start off with &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/podr%C3%ADamos+saltarnos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;some examples from Reverso:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podríamos saltarnos la fiesta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  We could skip the party.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Podríamos saltarnos hasta el final.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  We could skip to the ending.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That gives you examples of when the verb is used reflexively.  Now, for examples when it isn’t used reflexively, as evidenced by the lack of a reflexive pronoun present, I'll use the following as &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/podr%C3%ADamos+saltar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;an example (again from Reverso):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Creo que podríamos saltar desde rampas más altas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I think we could jump off higher ramps.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These examples indicate that “saltarse” means “to skip” whereas just “saltar” means “to jump.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*As you can see from the examples, it doesn't appear that everyone has gotten the memo on the meaning of &quot;saltar&quot; versus &quot;saltarse,&quot; but this thread from WordReference&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/saltarse-vs-saltar.2274085/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saltarse vs. Saltar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;was my source and it looks pretty legit.  If anyone cares to agree/disagree, please comment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, some verbs have a reflexive version, but not all.  Some verbs appear to be used primarily (or perhaps even exclusively) as reflexives.  This list &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Reflexive_Verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; will provide you with a good list of reflexive verbs, but without going through them one by one, I couldn’t tell you which ones are only or primarily used reflexively.  This may be something that is best learned as you go through the process of learning the Spanish language via reading material and the like rather than rotely in one fell swoop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing to keep in mind is that just as meanings for a verb can change when they go from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/verbs-that-change-meaning-in-the-preterite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;present to past tense and from the past tense to the imperfect,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; they can also change when they go from reflexive to non-reflexive and vice versa.  For example, as you could see with the verb in question in this post here, “saltarse” means “to skip” whereas just “saltar” means “to jump.”  I don’t know that there’s any comprehensive list that covers them all, but this one from ThoughtCo. should give you a good start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/verbs-that-change-meaning-in-reflexive-3079894&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbs That Change Meaning in Reflexive Form&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T22:00:26.440" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:00:26.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24400" CreationDate="2018-03-06T07:06:57.830" Score="4" ViewCount="524" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/396/12637&quot;&gt;Words for &amp;quot;East&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;West&amp;quot; in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; descubrimos que las palabras con las que hoy día designamos los puntos cardinales son cognados del inglés. Efectivamente, consultando la RAE vemos que todas provienen primero del francés, y en última instancia del inglés antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;español    francés    ingl.ant.&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;norte      nord       norþ&#xA;sur        sud        sûþ&#xA;este       est        ēast&#xA;oeste      ouest      west&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamó la atención que todas mantienen en su pronunciación esa última letra &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; (adaptada como &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;) de las versiones francesas menos &lt;em&gt;sur&lt;/em&gt;. Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;est&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ouest&lt;/em&gt; se adaptaran como &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oeste&lt;/em&gt;, pero me resulta curioso que &lt;em&gt;nord&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sud&lt;/em&gt; se adaptaran la primera siguiendo el patrón acabado en &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; y la segunda no. ¿Cuál fue el motivo para esto? ¿Por qué no &quot;nor&quot;, convirtiendo la &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; final en &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; como en &quot;sur&quot;, o &quot;sute&quot;, convirtiendo la &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; final en &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; como en norte? ¿Cuándo se incorporaron estas palabras al español? Cuando lo hicieron, ¿tenían la misma forma que hoy día?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al menos viendo las palabras originales en francés se entiende por qué decimos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qbx6K5h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nor&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;este&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YdUn343&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;strong&gt;d&lt;/strong&gt;oeste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T11:12:17.063" Title="Origen y evolución de las palabras &quot;norte&quot; y &quot;sur&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24392" CreationDate="2018-03-06T08:39:44.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con Diego en que puede ser una inexactitud del diccionario. La expresión &quot;hacer a pelo y a pluma&quot; veo que se añadió al diccionario en su edición manual de 1989 ya con la definición de &quot;ser bisexual&quot;. Sin embargo, esta entrada en el CORDE no da a entender eso mismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque estos lusitanos hacen a pelo y a pluma. Están con Azaña para derribar la República portuguesa y con Prieto para dar mulé a la República española. Van de pillos a pillos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ricardo León, &quot;Cristo en los infiernos&quot;, 1941 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar mulé&quot; era una expresión de la germanía que equivalía a &quot;matar&quot;, luego el ejemplo parece que equivale a que les da lo mismo una cosa que otra, que están a todo. De ahí sí que parece que se puede inferir una evolución hacia la acepción de &quot;ser bisexual&quot;, que se extrae de expresiones similares como &quot;le da lo mismo carne que pescado&quot;, pero no creo que sea aplicable aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O este otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todo se fue al hoyo de pronto: la guerra nos dejó a todos con las patas colgando. Y eso que fue civil, que si llega a ser militar. Entonces me llamaron la Negocia. Hubo que hacer a pelo y a pluma. Hasta portar alijos de Gibraltar, que no sé por qué ahora se hace tanto ruido con ese pueblo: le tengo una manía...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio Gala, &quot;Los buenos días perdidos&quot;, 1972 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este último caso se nota que la intención del autor es la de &quot;hubo que hacer de todo&quot;, que es el significado que se le da a la expresión &quot;hacer a pluma y a pelo&quot; (con los términos cambiados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión inversa tiene un significado similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hecho es que se llama así, y que en el pueblo que se desparrama a corta distancia de él, le consideran como su puerto de mar los contados labradores que hacen a pluma y a pelo; quiero decir, que así manejan el dalle y tumban un prado en agosto, como cinglan en la chalana y calan la sereña o tienden las redes o arrastran el retuelle por la canal casi enjuta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María de Pereda, &quot;La puchera&quot;, 1889 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuevamente la expresión se usa como &quot;hacer de todo&quot;. Esta expresión es más antigua y está en el diccionario desde 1925, ya que a pesar de que aparece en diccionarios anteriores, antes de este año su significado no era el actual, sino este otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No desperdiciar nada, aceptando cualquier cosa, aunque no sea tan buena como él quisiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viraje de la expresión &quot;hacer a pelo y pluma&quot; (en ese orden) hacia la bisexualidad se puede encontrar en textos más recientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él no es que fuera lo que se dice mariquita, porque hacer hacía a pelo y a pluma, dado el caso [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Luis Martín Vigil, &quot;En defensa propia&quot;, 1985 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, si bien es cierto que el orden puede alterar el significado de la expresión, no se debe perder de vista que el orden &quot;pelo y pluma&quot; se ha usado hasta hace muy poco con el mismo sentido que &quot;pluma y pelo&quot;. En todo caso, te pongo como ejemplo la expresión que he citado antes: si yo te digo que me da igual la carne que el pescado puedes pensar que soy bisexual, pero si te digo que me da igual el pescado que la carne puedes pensar que he alterado el orden de la expresión para hacer énfasis en que hablo en sentido literal y no figurado. Puede que eso pasara con la expresión: &quot;hacer a pluma y a pelo&quot; existía ya en el siglo XIX, pero &quot;a pelo y a pluma&quot; es ya del siglo XX, y posiblemente ese cambio de orden de los términos fue el que condujo a su sentido figurado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T08:39:44.390" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24397" CreationDate="2018-03-06T11:12:17.063" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La diferencia fonética más clara entre las palabras francesas que designan los puntos cardinales es que la palabra para &quot;sur&quot; termina (y terminaba desde el principio) en una consonante simple, /d/ o /r/ (había alguna vacilación ya en francés antiguo), mientras que las otras terminaban en un grupo de dos consonantes (/rt/ y /st/). En francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;norht&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;north&lt;/em&gt; pasó a &lt;em&gt;nord&lt;/em&gt;; las consonantes finales tendieron a perderse y por eso hoy &lt;em&gt;nord&lt;/em&gt; termina fonéticamente con /r/, pero ése es un detalle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano hemos tendido a evitar los grupos complejos de consonantes, por uno de dos medios: epéntesis (añadir una vocal) o elisión (borrar una consonante). En &lt;em&gt;norte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;este&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oeste&lt;/em&gt; se usó una /e/ epentética, quizá porque la /t/ final de las palabras francesas se oía muy claramente, quizá porque suprimir esta /t/ implicaba decir &lt;em&gt;nor, es, oés&lt;/em&gt;, palabras muy cortas y fácilmente confundibles. (Otra rectificación que hicimos en castellano fue el hiato al comienzo de &lt;em&gt;oeste&lt;/em&gt;; por lógica deberíamos decir &lt;em&gt;hueste&lt;/em&gt;, ya que el francés nos pasó directamente la palabra monosilábica anglosajona &lt;em&gt;west&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;sur&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;sud&lt;/em&gt; ambas consonantes finales eran y son perfectamente posibles en castellano (cuando están solas), de manera que no había por qué añadirles una /e/ epentética para soportarlas. (Tampoco era esperable que se la elidiera dejando &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;.) Por analogía con los otros puntos cardinales podría haberse añadido una /e/ de todas maneras, pero la analogía no es predecible y esto nunca ocurrió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T11:12:17.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24407" CreationDate="2018-03-06T18:42:01.460" Score="5" ViewCount="21598" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo el significado de la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada vez que [alguien] habla, sube el pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado una explicación en fuente fiable. ¿Alguien podría aportar explicación y a poder ser, fuente fiable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T21:08:19.413" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T03:51:36.430" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;Cada vez que alguien habla, sube el pan&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24403" CreationDate="2018-03-06T19:22:01.427" Score="5" ViewCount="4207" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;chambear&quot;? Es muy aplicada en la jerga latina, aun más en países como Venezuela o Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me voy a chambear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vas pa' la chamba?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T20:43:40.767" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T20:43:40.767" Title="¿Origen de la palabra chambear? ¿De donde proviene? ¿A qué se le atribuye?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24402" CreationDate="2018-03-06T19:57:19.457" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con el sentido de &amp;quot;trabajo, ocupación, negocio&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México, la palabra &amp;quot;chamba&amp;quot; se refiere al trabajo a que alguien se dedica o trabajo u ocupación en General. El vocablo se originó en la década de 1940 entre los braceros mexicanos que se trasladaron a EEUU para ser contratados en las tareas agrícolas; al concluir ésta, acudían a la &lt;em&gt;Chamber of Commerce&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?chamba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción viene recogida también en el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8VFpOez%7C8VHMHXG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chamba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Am. Cen., Ec. y Méx. Empleo, trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la primera acepción  (con el significado de &amp;quot;suerte&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. chiripa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece venir del portugués antiguo &amp;quot;chamba&amp;quot; (según esa misma entrada del DRAE), que significa &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/espt/chamba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suerte&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T20:21:21.750" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24405" CreationDate="2018-03-06T20:33:59.763" Score="2" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;El mío&quot; es muy usada en Venezuela, específicamente en su capital Caracas.&#xA;Un ejemplo de la misma pudiese ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ven acá el mío...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué se le atribuye dicha palabra a la hora de mencionarla en alguna frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T21:01:20.587" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T15:23:10.153" Title="¿De dónde proviene el vocablo &quot;el mío&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24404" CreationDate="2018-03-06T21:03:25.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de americanismos recoge una entrada que parece coincidir con lo que mencionas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=m%C3%ADo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mío, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I.  1.  m. y f. Cu. Persona afín o estimada. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, indica que se usa en Cuba, pero no en Venezuela. Siendo zonas caribeñas con rasgos lingüísticos parecidos, no creo descabellado afirmar que la palabra puede haber pasado a usarse también en el país sudamericano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la web Así hablamos la recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/El%20mio.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El mío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prostituta de los reos venezolanos normalmente hombres o forma de expresarse y referirse a un amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amigo, persona allegada.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Qué pasó el mío&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; Desconozco qué validaciones hace la web así hablamos, pues la frase de ejemplo aparece como &lt;em&gt;que paso el mio&lt;/em&gt; [sic], con tres de las cuatro palabras sin la tilde que merecen. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T15:23:10.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24401" CreationDate="2018-03-07T01:50:18.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente significa &quot;cada vez que habla produce gran descontento (social) y/o preocupación&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa &quot;subida del pan&quot; es un situación (figurada) poco deseable que enfurece a la gente. Cuando el precio de la luz, el gas, los impuestos, etc. (&quot;el pan&quot;) sube todos los ciudadanos nos enfadamos y nos preocupamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagínate a esa figura medianamente conocida (un político o un &lt;em&gt;famosete&lt;/em&gt;, alguien de mucha relevancia) que hace unas declaraciones públicas desacertadas, y casi todo el mundo protesta o se burla de él/ella (cosa cada vez más frecuente en las redes sociales) una y otra vez, o la gente empieza a preocuparse (&quot;qué ha querido decir?&quot;, &quot;Se perderán puestos de trabajo?&quot;, &quot;Va a subir la gasolina &lt;em&gt;otra vez&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especialmente con los políticos, que tienen cargos de responsabilidad, cuando no miden bien sus palabras o estas se sacan de contexto, aquello de dicen puede causar un efecto o reacción inesperados (por ejemplo haciendo que los mercados suban o bajen).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa persona dice algo y produce gran malestar y descontento social en general. Vuelve a pronunciarse (con otra cosa, o para matizar o aclarar sus palabras anteriores) y lo empeora todavía más. Luego dice algo sobre otra cosa no tan relacionada y también mete la pata hasta el fondo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final alguien dice &quot;cada vez que esta persona habla, la caga&quot; o &quot;sube el pan&quot; (nos lo pone más difícil).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede aplicar a una persona no famosa, si por ejemplo dices algo con la intención de ayudar a alguien y terminas empeorándolo todo. Por ejemplo, mis amigos Fulanito y Fulanita están peleados y yo voy e intento mediar y arreglar las cosas con poco tino y terminan más peleados y cabreados todavía (por mi falta de destreza al intentar arreglar las cosas, más que intencionalidad). Al final alguien me diría &quot;Cállate ya, que cada vez que hablas sube el pan&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T03:51:36.430" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T03:51:36.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24390" CreationDate="2018-03-07T06:26:47.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces se utiliza la expresión &quot;pagar el piso&quot; cuando recibes el primer sueldo/salario de tu vida y tienes que invitar a los amigos a celebrarlo. En España tiene un significado más literal, ya que &lt;strong&gt;piso&lt;/strong&gt; equivale a departamento/apartamento, es decir &quot;pagar el piso&quot; en España sería pagar el alquiler/arriendo o la cuota de hipoteca del departamento/apartamento en que vives.... (No se si en algún país de Latinoamérica existe esta misma equivalencia entre piso y departamento/apartamento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EN: There is the expression &quot;pagar el piso&quot;, when you receive your first salary ever you have to celebrate it inviting your work mates. In Spain it has a more literal sense where &lt;strong&gt;piso&lt;/strong&gt; means apartment, so &quot;pagar el piso&quot; in Spain could be understood as pay the rent or the mortgage fee of the apartment where you live (I don't know if at some Latin American country &lt;strong&gt;piso&lt;/strong&gt; has the same use, I mean meaning apartment.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="17935" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T10:18:37.310" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T10:18:37.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24411" CreationDate="2018-03-07T06:33:06.713" Score="6" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to look for American Sign Language classes for somebody who only speaks Spanish, but some courses use the term &lt;strong&gt;idioma de signos americano&lt;/strong&gt; and others say &lt;strong&gt;lengua de señas americana&lt;/strong&gt;. Are these two words interchangeable? What about the term &lt;em&gt;señal&lt;/em&gt;? That word corresponds to &quot;signal&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18958" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T08:30:22.237" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T12:11:00.590" Title="What's the difference between &quot;signo&quot; and &quot;seña&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24410" CreationDate="2018-03-07T07:50:06.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the country you are in. In the European Spanish, a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XrXR2VS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;signo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is defined as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esp.&lt;/em&gt; Configuración ejecutada con una o dos manos propia de la lengua de las personas sordas o sordociegas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A movement executed with one or both hands, as part of the language of deaf or deafblind people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This definition is marked by the dictionary as used only in Spain (the &quot;Esp.&quot; at the beginning), whereas in the American Spanish, the word used is &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbgS1p9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, as the definition is marked as used in America but redirects to the one mentioned before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Am.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;signo&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ configuración ejecutada con las manos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbhOPAB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;señal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, it can be used as a synonym for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JARGBj1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gesto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (gesture), but it is not used to speak about the sign language, as a &lt;em&gt;señal&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;gesto&lt;/em&gt; could mean a movement of any part of the body and not only the hands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ASL = Lengua de signos americana (in Spain).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ASL = Lengua de señas americana (in America).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T11:57:20.027" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T11:57:20.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24410" CreationDate="2018-03-07T08:39:39.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note: this answer is about the sign language from Spain, LSE. Each country has its own. Most of Latin American countries favor the use of &quot;lengua de señas&quot; instead of &quot;lengua de signos&quot;: Venezuela has Lengua de Señas Venezolana, Argentina has Lengua de Señas Argentina, etc. For further info see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cultura-sorda.org/lengua-de-senas-lenguaje-de-signos-lenguaje-gestual-lengua-manual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Regarding ASL, which is what OP is asking about, &quot;American Sign Language&quot; may be translated to Spanish as &lt;em&gt;&quot;Lengua de Signos Americana&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;Lengua de Señas Americana&quot;&lt;/em&gt; depending on the country you're in, as explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24411/13628&quot;&gt;@Charlie's answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish Sign Language is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2007/10/24/pdfs/A43251-43259.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recognized by law&lt;/a&gt; and its official name in Spanish is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lengua de Signos Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (LSE).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check the law itself, or the public website for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnlse.es/es/cnlse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centro de Normalización de la LSE&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://lsefacil.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some&lt;/a&gt; other &lt;a href=&quot;http://dichodeotraforma.blogspot.com.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;websites&lt;/a&gt; and notice that &quot;seña&quot; is almost never used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In LSE, &lt;em&gt;signo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;seña&lt;/em&gt; are used for different things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a specific sign for a specific &lt;s&gt;word&lt;/s&gt; concept, usually made with your hands: the gesture of touching the side of your forehead with your index finger is the &lt;em&gt;seña&lt;/em&gt; for &quot;think&quot;.  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seña personal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a specific sign that a deaf person uses as their &quot;name&quot; when introducing themselves: a deaf person might be called Laura, but their &lt;em&gt;seña&lt;/em&gt; might be &quot;a finger spiraling down from their head to their neck&quot; because they have curly hair. When introducing themself, or when other people talk about them, they wouldn't spell out &quot;L-A-U-R-A&quot; but rather use their &lt;em&gt;seña&lt;/em&gt;. To them, this is not just an alias, this is their proper name. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Signo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is every signal, movement or gesture made while talking: the movement of your lips, the expression of your face, the position of your hands and even your body. All of these elements are used when talking LSE, hence calling it &lt;em&gt;lengua de &lt;strong&gt;signos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;lengua de señas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some places might use &quot;Lengua de Señas Española&quot; but that conveys the idea that LSE (or ASL, for all that matters) is comprised only of hand gestures, which is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T12:11:00.590" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T12:11:00.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-07T10:22:27.430" Score="5" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay por ahí una teoría que dice que el apellido &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guzm%C3%A1n_(apellido)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guzmán&lt;/a&gt; es una adaptación a la pronunciación española del germánico &lt;em&gt;gut-mann&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hombre bueno&quot;. La teoría es demasiado bonita como para ser verdad, y de hecho parece que el consenso es que el apellido es simplemente de origen toponímico, dado que provendría del pueblo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guzm%C3%A1n_(provincia_de_Burgos)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guzmán&lt;/a&gt;, en la provincia de Burgos. Se basa esto en que el pueblo tuvo su origen en el siglo XI o puede que antes, mientras que el primer registrado (del que se tiene constancia) con el apellido Guzmán sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Mu%C3%B1oz_de_Guzm%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rodrigo Muñoz de Guzmán&lt;/a&gt;, nacido en el siglo XII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esto no descarta la posibilidad de que el origen del topónimo &quot;Guzmán&quot; sea el comentado. ¿Qué teorías hay hasta la fecha acerca del origen de este topónimo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-25T13:31:14.007" LastActivityDate="2020-01-25T13:31:14.007" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología del topónimo &quot;Guzmán&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24415" CreationDate="2018-03-07T12:23:40.633" Score="7" ViewCount="1969" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas veces, durante las vacaciones de verano, a mi mujer le gusta echarse una siesta antes de comer, la cual yo llamo jocosamente la &quot;presiesta&quot;. ¿Hay algún término o expresión para denominar a esta siesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T12:23:40.633" Title="¿Tiene algún nombre la siesta que se hace antes del almuerzo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24414" CreationDate="2018-03-07T12:23:40.633" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se denomina la &lt;em&gt;siesta del carnero&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como viene recogido en el DLE desde 1925:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XqAH1g9#5jW59df&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siesta del carnero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. siesta que se duerme antes de la comida del mediodía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay algunos casos en el CORDE de esta expresión, como el que sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobre los dos asnos [...] tres niños gitanos duermen la siesta del carnero —la siesta en ayunas—, en postura de muerto en accidente, en cueros vivos y de color petaca, con el vientre hinchado, la frente abombada, la piel reseca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Camilo José Cela, &quot;Judíos, moros y cristianos&quot;, 1956 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de forma indirecta en este otro texto mucho más antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llegó, al fin, atravesando una foresta,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al pie de un monte en una fuente clara,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a la hora en que el carnero tiene siesta,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en fresca cueva o en la sombra cara [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jerónimo de Urrea, &quot;Traducción de 'Orlando furioso' de Ludovico Ariosto&quot;, 1549 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/la-curiosa-y-reparadora-siesta-del-carnero/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El blog de Alfred López&lt;/a&gt; nos da más detalles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] es común llamarla de otros modos como siesta del &lt;em&gt;borrego, del burro, del gorrino, del perro&lt;/em&gt;... (y así con infinidad de animales, ya que parece ser que estos suelen tener la costumbre de dormir antes de comer). Parece ser que la más famosa es la del carnero ya que era muy habitual hacerla entre los pastores cuando sacaban a pastar a sus carneros, quedando sentados a la sombra de un árbol y aprovechando para descansar un rato antes de ponerse a comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También podemos encontrar que es llamada ‘siesta canóniga’ o ‘siesta del canónigo’, debido a que era frecuente que estos eclesiásticos echaran una cabezadita disimuladamente durante los rezos que se realizaban al mediodía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T12:23:40.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24416" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-07T13:49:57.407" Score="1" ViewCount="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;Está bien visto decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿He &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; los documentos faltantes?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suena bastante fuera de foco la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T13:49:57.407" Title="¿Es correcto mencionar la palabra &quot;imprimido&quot; en una frase?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-03-07T13:57:55.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24418" CreationDate="2018-03-07T14:54:24.167" Score="2" ViewCount="4914" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado muchas veces a personas conversando y entre lo que se dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agarra tus &lt;strong&gt;macundales&lt;/strong&gt; y te vas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DAMER:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=macundales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;macundales&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. pl. Ve. Enseres, utensilios de uso personal. ◆ macundos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, el origen de dicha frase ¿de dónde proviene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde proviene esta palabra o cuál es su significado original?&#xA;¿Tiene traducción al inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T22:10:16.787" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:11:42.420" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;macundales&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24417" CreationDate="2018-03-07T16:04:32.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?macundales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; hablan de ello y mencionan que la palabra proviene de la marca de herramientas americanas &lt;em&gt;Mack &amp;amp; Dales&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;b&gt;macundales&lt;/b&gt; proviene de una deformación de la palabra Mack &amp;amp; Dales que era una marca de herramientas norteamericanas en la época de los inicios de la explotación minera y petrolera en Venezuela. Al terminar la jornada laboral las herramientas se dejaban en el terreno y los compañeros de trabajo decían: &amp;quot;Oye toma tus Mack &amp;amp; Dales&amp;quot; y se fue deformando de tanto decirlo que se abrevio finalmente diciendo &amp;quot;Oye toma tus macundales&amp;quot; Ahora la palabra se utiliza para describir un objeto o grupo de objetos que se deben recoger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-07T22:11:42.420" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:11:42.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24419" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24420" CreationDate="2018-03-08T02:44:15.997" Score="4" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el ganador is: Charlie!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta ronda, la traducción proviene de la ultima temporada de Rick and Morty (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJcgeN4CfwI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;S3E8 clip&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Morty, I need darkness to prime these optical inductors.&#xA;Hit the leftmost light switch by the door for me. The left. Okay,&#xA;lights on. So, did I just hear three distinct light switch clicks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;W-W-What do you mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like the three sounds I heard could be&#xA;explained by an initial erroneous flipping of a switch on the right&#xA;followed by a hasty, corrective flipping of the requested switch. Then&#xA;during the resultant darkness and silence, a third, shameful&#xA;unflipping of the initially flipped switch. Is my assessment accurate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yeah, that's that's basically how how it all shaked out. I'm sorry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ugh... Grab a shovel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; 510 caracteres&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de traducción a continuación, aunque el ganador necesitará pensar y hacer un esfuerzo para encontrar palabras que no sean los binomios del inglés si quiere superar a los demás concursantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; Morty, necesito oscuridad completo para cebar estos tres inductores ópticos.&#xA; Corte el interruptor de luz a la izquierda cerca de la puerta por mí. El que&#xA; está a la izquierda. Bueno, prende la luz. ¿Entonces, he oído tres chasquidos  distintas del interruptor?&#xA; Qué quire decir?&#xA; Me parece que los tres sonidos que escuché puede ser explicado por un erróneo  conmutación del interruptor a la derecha seguido por otro ajetreado&#xA; apagamiento de la luz pedida. Luego, durante la oscuridad resultante y&#xA; silencio, un tercero, vergonzoso conmutación del primero interruptor cortado.  Es mi evaluación acertada?&#xA; Si, asi es en esencia como todo resultó. Lo siento.&#xA; Ugh. Bien, Vamanos.&#xA; Qué?&#xA; Vamanos. Coja una pala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; 561 caracteres&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iba a usar el texto de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fU1fLmpZtZs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;este clip&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; pero no hay bastantes palabras interesantes como para incentivar la creatividad. En caso de empate, el ganador será decidido por traducir este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Man, that guy is the redgren grumbholdt of pretending he knows what's&#xA;going on. [Rick and Summer laugh.] Oh, you agree, huh? It's funny.&#xA;You like that redgren grumbholdt reference? Yeah. Well, guess what? I&#xA;made him up. You really are your father's children. Think for&#xA;yourselves. Don't be sheep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; ¡Caramba! Este tipo es el regren grumbholdt de fingiendo que está al corriente. Vaya, están de acuerdo, sí? Es divertido. Les gustan esta referencia a redgren grumbholdt. Adivinan qué?  Me lo inventé. De verdad están los hijos de su padre. Piensan por si mismos. No sean ovejas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/66153/translation-golf&quot;&gt;Translation-Golf!&lt;/a&gt;, our game-specific chat room, or in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-tertulia&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T09:58:26.767" Title="Translation Golf XXXIV - Rick and Morty" Tags="&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-08T06:21:04.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24419" CreationDate="2018-03-08T07:17:01.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strike&gt;242&lt;/strike&gt; 195 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Morty, los inductores ópticos se preparan a oscuras. Dale a la luz, al de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cS7RuWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zoca&lt;/a&gt;, junto al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bDvyQXy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uzo&lt;/a&gt;. Vale, ¡luces! ¿He oído tres &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9SZ4Kat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clics&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Qué?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Le diste al de la diestra, luego con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3LmP7tP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apuro&lt;/a&gt; al bueno, y ya sin luz de nuevo al primero. ¿Es así?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Básicamente sí, perdón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡A cavar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El DPD &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=clic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;certifica&lt;/a&gt; que el plural de &lt;em&gt;clic&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;clics&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Descubro que &lt;em&gt;zoca&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;mano izquierda&quot;, luego &quot;al de la zoca&quot; se puede interpretar como &quot;el que está a mano izquierda&quot; o &quot;al alcance de la mano izquierda&quot;. Por coherencia uso &quot;diestra&quot; más adelante, aunque tiene las mismas letras que &quot;derecha&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entiendo que tienen que coger las palas para cavar y enterrar algo, así que uso el verbo &quot;cavar&quot; que hace la frase más corta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T08:43:14.843" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T08:43:14.843" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-08T07:17:01.253" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24419" CreationDate="2018-03-08T10:01:42.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;210&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Morty, no puedo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=84ilYVT#3XlxkeC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cebar&lt;/a&gt; estos inductores ópticos si hay luz. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35#M3owE4j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dale&lt;/a&gt; al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OA3ulOZ#ANil304&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mando&lt;/a&gt; izquierdo junto a la puerta. Izquierdo. Ya, luz. ¿Acaso oí 3 &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9SZ4Kat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clics&lt;/a&gt; distintos?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—¿Q-que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkwZc6M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;insinúas&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35#M3owE4j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diste&lt;/a&gt; al derecho, luego &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V9EXpqS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rápido&lt;/a&gt; al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6EawoZ6#JxPSXsA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bueno&lt;/a&gt; y luego &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bobcqY3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vil&lt;/a&gt; al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UBQk8bX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primo&lt;/a&gt;. ¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmQKxT2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sí&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—Sí, m-&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWErHxJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más o menos&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SYbMpnJ#GgfhFUv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perdón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uf&lt;/a&gt;... Coge una pala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el uso de &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;vil&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12709/se-pueden-usar-adjetivos-como-adverbios&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Se pueden usar adjetivos como adverbios?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T10:49:33.137" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-08T10:01:42.837" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24422" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-08T11:43:34.500" Score="5" ViewCount="15541" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NOTA: Este es un ejemplo de pregunta que, por un mal planteamiento, no salió como yo esperaba, y cuando quise rectificar ya era demasiado tarde. Así pues, yo mismo la he marcado como duplicada para que la gente que llegue aquí pueda acceder a la pregunta corregida. Dejo en todo caso esta pregunta abierta para su consulta y para no eliminar el trabajo de las personas que se tomaron la molestia de responderla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/feminismo-no-es-lo-contrario-de-machismo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo de la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; se especifica que &quot;machismo&quot; y &quot;feminismo&quot; no son antónimos, puesto que se refieren a cosas distintas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NnO8B9D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;machismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Actitud de prepotencia de los varones respecto de las mujeres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Forma de sexismo caracterizada por la prevalencia del varón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjuyHQ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feminismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Principio de igualdad de derechos de la mujer y el hombre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Movimiento que lucha por la realización efectiva en todos los órdenes del feminismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me gusta explicar el feminismo como un vector de fuerza. Supongamos que el nivel de igualdad entre hombres y mujeres en la sociedad se pudiera medir situando un punto en un segmento &lt;code&gt;AB&lt;/code&gt;. En el extremo &lt;code&gt;A&lt;/code&gt; estaría la supremacía masculina total, y en &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; la supremacía femenina total. En el centro &lt;code&gt;O&lt;/code&gt; está la igualdad entre sexos. La sociedad entiende que ahora mismo el punto se sitúa en el segmento &lt;code&gt;AO&lt;/code&gt;, y el feminismo actúa como un vector de fuerza que hace que el punto se desplace hacia &lt;code&gt;O&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El machismo no es el vector opuesto, sino que denota una actitud de prepotencia de hombres hacia mujeres que no tiene nada que ver con la teoría del segmento, sino que se puede dar en cualquier caso esté donde esté el punto situado en el segmento. A la actitud contraria al machismo se la denomina, según el artículo, &lt;em&gt;hembrismo&lt;/em&gt;, y sería una actitud de prepotencia de la mujer hacia el hombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a la teoría del segmento, si llegara el caso en el que el punto se desplazara tanto que llegara a situarse en el segmento &lt;code&gt;OB&lt;/code&gt;, lo lógico sería que surgiera un movimiento, un vector de fuerza opuesto al feminismo, liderado por los hombres con la intención de devolver el punto nuevamente al centro. Este concepto sería el semánticamente opuesto al feminismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería el término adecuado para este concepto opuesto al feminismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T10:07:41.240" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T10:07:41.240" Title="¿Cuál es el antónimo de &quot;feminismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-03-12T08:17:42.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24424" CreationDate="2018-03-08T14:35:46.257" Score="7" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado mucho una construcción en ciertas frases que me suena un poco raro, pero no sé si está correcta o no. Explicaré con un ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ayer con mi esposa fuimos a comer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir &quot;fuimos&quot;? ¿O debería ser fui?. Mi duda es porque reacomodando la oración, esta quedaría:&#xA;&quot;Ayer fui a comer con mi esposa&quot;&#xA;Entonces no sé si una simple reacomodación de la oración hace que lo correcto sea cambiar el número en el verbo. ¿Quizá debería decirse mejor &quot;Ayer mi esposa y yo fuimos a comer&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recordé esta pregunta porque esta semana leí en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/gobierno-de-cuba-retiene-y-deporta-a-andres-pastrana/559339&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;periódico&lt;/a&gt; en línea :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Con el expresidente Quiroga estamos detenidos por el gobierno cubano en el aeropuerto de La Habana”, contó Pastrana en su cuenta oficial de Twitter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="17686" LastEditDate="2018-03-08T14:56:21.927" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T01:54:55.857" Title="&quot;Con mi esposa fuimos a comer&quot; ¿Error de concordancia?" Tags="&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24423" CreationDate="2018-03-08T15:44:08.847" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues aunque no lo parezca es correcto, en la entrada sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;concordancia&lt;/a&gt; de DPD en el punto 4.3 podemos leer lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) La posibilidad de poner el verbo en plural&#xA;  en estos casos ha dado lugar a una construcción especial, extendida en&#xA;  varios países de América y, en España, en zonas de influencia del&#xA;  catalán, que consiste en poner el verbo en primera persona del plural&#xA;  cuando el sujeto es un «yo» elidido que lleva asociado un complemento&#xA;  precedido de &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;, presente en la oración: &lt;em&gt;«Dile a la Rubia que con&#xA;  Pablo estuvimos haciendo el elogio más subido que puede hacerse por&#xA;  dos poetas de una dama ausente»&lt;/em&gt; (Asturias &lt;em&gt;Carta&lt;/em&gt; [Guat. 1950]); &lt;em&gt;«Vos&#xA;  sabés, Tita, que con Ana María fuimos una pareja que nos quisimos&#xA;  mucho»&lt;/em&gt; (Pavlovsky &lt;em&gt;Potestad&lt;/em&gt; [Arg. 1985]).  En ambos ejemplos el contexto&#xA;  permite determinar con claridad que en la acción están implicados solo&#xA;  dos individuos, el yo que habla y la persona que se menciona en el&#xA;  complemento preposicional; así, las construcciones resaltadas en los&#xA;  ejemplos equivalen, respectivamente, a &lt;em&gt;yo y Pablo estuvimos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;yo y Ana&#xA;  María fuimos&lt;/em&gt; (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también advierte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) se recomienda evitar esta&#xA;  construcción en aquellos casos en que el hablante perciba el riesgo de&#xA;  no ser correctamente interpretado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-03-08T18:15:41.863" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T18:15:41.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24422" CreationDate="2018-03-08T17:15:28.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto uno de los &amp;quot;problemas&amp;quot; (con respecto a esta pregunta) con estos términos es que pese a estar fuertemente asociados con los sustantivos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NndQJAy%7CNnghkls&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;macho&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K7vzjPm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hembra&lt;/a&gt;, pero significando respectivamente &amp;quot;prepotencia de los &lt;em&gt;machos&lt;/em&gt; con respecto a las &lt;em&gt;hembras&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;movimiento por la igualdad de &lt;em&gt;machos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;hembras&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay quien usa &lt;code&gt;hembrismo&lt;/code&gt; para referirse a esa actitud que tu describes para el vector &lt;code&gt;OB&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hembrismo es un discutido neologismo en español usado con distintas acepciones. Puede funcionar como sinónimo de misandria o desprecio a los hombres. Otras veces se define como &lt;strong&gt;discriminación sexual hacia los varones, sesgos de género que perjudican a los varones en acciones u opiniones&lt;/strong&gt;, e incluso se usa para referirse al supuesto uso interesado del prestigio político ganado por el feminismo para promover un ideario represivo contra los hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hembrismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia: hembrismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que también tenemos los términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PNkt6Js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;misántropo, pa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que siente o manifiesta misantropía (Aversión al género humano y al trato con otras personas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las personas que no les gustan otras personas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PP5BGCW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;misógino, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que siente o manifiesta misoginia (Aversión a las mujeres.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las personas, hombres o mujeres, que no les gustan las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PNhbTpI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;misándrico, ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que siente o manifiesta misandria (Aversión a los varones.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las personas, hombres o mujeres, que no les gustan las hombres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe destacar por cierto como están formadas estas palabras con las raíces griegas miseîn 'odiar', andrós 'varón', gynos, 'hembra' y anthrōpos 'humano' (más o menos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un feminismo bien entendido no sería misándrico. En la realidad, distintos individuos (auto)proclamados feministas tienen diversos intereses y sus ideologías estarán más o menos &amp;quot;radicalizadas&amp;quot; respecto a los posiciones (de poder) de los individuos de un sexo sobre el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá lo fácil, o lo lógico, habría sido tener los términos &lt;em&gt;machismo&lt;/em&gt;, para los &lt;em&gt;misóginos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;feminismo&lt;/em&gt; para los &lt;em&gt;misándricos&lt;/em&gt; e &amp;quot;igualismo&amp;quot; para los que no consideren que un sexo ostenta un &amp;quot;posición privilegiada&amp;quot; sobre el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí un matiz, estoy usando mal los términos misógino/misándrico, puesto que estas personas sienten &lt;em&gt;aversión&lt;/em&gt; hacia las personas de un cierto sexo y huyen del trato con ellas. Estos términos no implican necesariamente que alguien piense que un sexo está por encima del otro (Puede tratarse de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JCgFVY4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ginefobia&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2aUkryH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;androfobia&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, citando a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misoginia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia sobre la misoginia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misoginia puede manifestarse de diversas maneras, que incluyen denigración, discriminación, violencia contra la mujer, y cosificación sexual de la mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el sociólogo Allan G. Johnson, &amp;quot;la misoginia es la actitud cultural de odio hacia las mujeres, por el hecho de que son mujeres&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería fácil ver que &amp;quot;misógino&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;machista&amp;quot; son prácticamente sinónimos. Por tanto, podríamos proponer &amp;quot;misándrico&amp;quot; para ese &amp;quot;feminismo radical&amp;quot; (tu vector &lt;code&gt;OB&lt;/code&gt;, o tu punto &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt;) o quedarnos con el mencionado &lt;code&gt;hembrismo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder claramente a tu pregunta, no hay opuesto de &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot;, ya que es &amp;quot;el punto medio&amp;quot;. El feminismo (bien entendido) es la lucha contra el machismo y el &amp;quot;hembrismo&amp;quot;. El nombre para este término puede estar mal escogido (desde nuestra perspectiva actual), pero responde a motivos históricos y fue acuñado de la misma manera en que evoluciona el lenguaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si llegásemos a una situación en la que viviésemos en el punto &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; y quisiéramos volver al &lt;code&gt;o&lt;/code&gt;, el movimiento sería llamado &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot; porque es una búsqueda de la igualdad (Salvo que para ese entoces el significado y la definición de &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot; hubiese cambiado, dividiéndose en un &amp;quot;misandrismo&amp;quot;  y un &amp;quot;igualismo&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El antónimo de feminismo, o &amp;quot;lo opuesto&amp;quot; en un sentido amplio, ya que como sustantivo no tiene &amp;quot;técnicamente&amp;quot; un antónimo, sería &amp;quot;discriminación por razón de género&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Podrías llamar a este movimiento &amp;quot;masculinismo&amp;quot; si quieres buscar algo &amp;quot;semánticamente opuesto&amp;quot; pero análogo al feminismo. Reitero, que el feminismo, tal y como se define ahora, representa al movimiento que busca la igualdad sin importar sus abanderados (mujeres u hombres) ni qué tipo de discriminación por género está combatiendo (prepotencia de hombres o de mujeres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si llegase ese punto en el que dijeses &amp;quot;el feminismo ya no es la lucha por la igualdad, si no solo la lucha por contrarrestar el machismo&amp;quot;, podrías llamar &amp;quot;masculinismo&amp;quot; a ese movimiento que contrarrestaría el &amp;quot;hembrismo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-10T01:27:15.383" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24428" CreationDate="2018-03-08T17:19:14.097" Score="4" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chimo Bayo es un &lt;s&gt;personaje&lt;/s&gt; productor de música electrónica que se hizo famoso en los 90 con éxitos como &lt;em&gt;Así me gusta a mí&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Bombas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primero de ellos, Chimo introduce el que será su grito más conocido, y que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_lLPZKfkc8&amp;amp;t=55&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;podéis escuchar aquí&lt;/a&gt;. Tan conocido es, que el propio artista ha bautizado así a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lomejordelvinoderioja.com/vino-huha-chimo-20180302105007-nt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un vino&lt;/a&gt; para darle publicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como podéis ver, en ocasiones este grito se transcribe como &quot;HU-HA&quot;... pero técnicamente, puesto que la H en español es sorda, eso se pronunciaría &lt;code&gt;/u//a/&lt;/code&gt;. Tampoco &quot;JU-JA&quot; sería adecuado, ya que la J suena demasiado fuerte. La pronunciación que hace Chimo es algo más suave, parecida al sonido inglés de &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;high&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿hay alguna manera en español de transcribir una expresión así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T07:43:45.317" Title="¿Cómo se escribe el grito de Chimo Bayo?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24423" CreationDate="2018-03-08T21:20:23.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que siempre y cuando puedas identificar el sujeto en la oración puedes utilizar el verbo adecuado &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien el sujeto en : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo con mi esposa fuimos a comer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede entender que el sujeto del que se esta hablando pueden ser tanto &quot;Yo&quot; como &quot;yo con mi esposa&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo podemos encontrar diferencias de significado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo con mi esposa fui a comer puede significar que solo yo comi &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo con mi esposa fuimos a comer significa que ambos comieron &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez un ejemplo mas diferenciable sea mejor :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo con mi esposa compre una bufanda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que aqui esta claro que fui YO quien compro la bufanda &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo con mi esposa compramos una bufanda &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien queda claro que ambos compramos una bufanda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumen TLDR;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo con mi esposa Fuimos = Yo y mi esposa fuimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo con mi esposa fui = Yo fui con mi esposa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T01:54:55.857" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T01:54:55.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24426" CreationDate="2018-03-09T07:04:55.523" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, técnicamente la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; en español es sorda... o casi. Consultando el artículo para la letra &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; en el DPD podemos leer &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente información&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[..] hasta mediados del siglo XVI se pronunciaba, en determinados casos (concretamente cuando procedía de &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt; inicial latina), de forma parecida a como se pronuncia hoy la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada inglesa [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho en algunos casos la pronunciación viró hacia la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;jondo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jalar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;jolgorio&lt;/em&gt;. Sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En algunos extranjerismos usados corrientemente en español (tomados, por lo general, del inglés o del alemán, pero también de otras lenguas como el árabe), así como en algunos nombres propios extranjeros y sus derivados, la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia también aspirada o con sonido cercano al de /j/ [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y pone como ejemplo una palabra española de pleno derecho, con grafía adaptada y todo: &lt;em&gt;hámster&lt;/em&gt;. No conozco a nadie que pronuncie &quot;ámster&quot;. Otro ejemplo es &lt;em&gt;hachís&lt;/em&gt;, que si le quitas la primera &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada parece que estás estornudando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto quiero decir que el español ya contempla casos de palabras incluso adaptadas a la grafía española, con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; inicial pero pronunciada aspirada. Luego en principio no debería ser incorrecto escribir ese grito tal y como lo han hecho en el vino: &lt;em&gt;hu-ha&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; tiene un párrafo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=hGEWbyvCQZvDPKQk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el 6.1.3.2&lt;/a&gt;) dedicado por completo al estudio de la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; aspirada. En este se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque ya se ha visto que, en su mayoría, estas haches [que se aspiraban en su idioma de origen, cita como ejemplo &lt;em&gt;alcohol&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;harén&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hamburguesa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hotentote&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;harakiri&lt;/em&gt; por poner algunos, incluso topónimos como &lt;em&gt;Holanda&lt;/em&gt;] no se pronuncian hoy en el español general, en algunos casos, especialmente en los préstamos más recientes, puede conservarse la aspiración característica de la lengua de la que proceden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a los ejemplos del DPD añade otros como &lt;em&gt;dírham&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hándicap&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;haiku&lt;/em&gt; y topónimos extranjeros como &lt;em&gt;Hawái&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Hong Kong&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, el caso de &lt;em&gt;hu-ha&lt;/em&gt; es especial porque no es una palabra de origen extranjero, sino un neologismo, una palabra inventada por su autor que quiso que se pronunciara así. Lo que quiero decir es, simplemente, que las haches aspiradas no son extrañas en nuestro idioma, y que la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; es la forma correcta de representar ese sonido, tanto por su historia como por la influencia de idiomas extranjeros, los cuales hoy día no resultan tan extraños como antiguamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que en algún sitio hayas visto una hache en superíndice para representar ese sonido, pero es solo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspiraci%C3%B3n_(fon%C3%A9tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una representación fonética&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En fonética, la aspiración es una fuerte explosión de aire que acompaña a la relajación (o el inicio en el caso de la preaspiración) de una obstruyente. El signo diacrítico para denotar la aspiración en el Alfabeto Fonético Internacional (AFI) es un superíndice &quot;h&quot;, [ʰ].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T07:43:45.317" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T07:43:45.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24430" CreationDate="2018-03-09T07:34:02.730" Score="4" ViewCount="711" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24426/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se escribe el grito de Chimo Bayo?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; leo en el DPD &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; acerca de la letra hache:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su nombre es femenino: &lt;em&gt;la hache&lt;/em&gt; (es una de las excepciones a la regla que exige el empleo de la forma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; del artículo ante sustantivos femeninos que comienzan por /a/ tónica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me quedé ciertamente extrañado porque, efectivamente, decimos &lt;em&gt;la hache&lt;/em&gt; pero también &lt;em&gt;el hacha&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cuáles son estas excepciones a la regla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T07:44:16.210" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T07:44:16.210" Title="¿Cuáles son las excepciones a la norma de usar &quot;el&quot; delante de sustantivos femeninos que empiezan por &quot;a&quot; tónica?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24429" CreationDate="2018-03-09T07:34:02.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mismo DPD nos da la respuesta en su entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=el&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el artículo &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; ante los nombres de las letras &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hache&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alfa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa ante los nombres propios de mujer, cuando llevan artículo (&quot;la Ana&quot; y no &quot;el Ana&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se usa ante las siglas, cuando el núcleo de la denominación no abreviada (normalmente, la palabra representada por la primera letra de la sigla) es un sustantivo femenino que no comienza por /a/ tónica. Así, le dice &quot;la APA&quot; (Asociación de Padres de Alumnos) porque &lt;em&gt;asociación&lt;/em&gt; no empieza por &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; tónica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el caso de los sustantivos que comienzan por /a/ tónica y designan seres sexuados, si tienen una única forma, válida para ambos géneros, se mantiene el uso de la forma &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; del artículo cuando el referente es femenino, ya que este es el único modo de señalar su sexo: &lt;em&gt;la árabe&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la ácrata&lt;/em&gt;. Esto no afecta si el sustantivo posee ambas formas: &lt;em&gt;el amo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;el ama&lt;/em&gt;. Excepción a la excepción: si la forma femenina es de creación reciente, se está usando espontáneamente &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;la árbitra&lt;/em&gt;. Resulta curiosa la explicación de la excepción a la excepción:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es muy probable que la razón de que los hablantes digan, espontáneamente, &lt;em&gt;la árbitra&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;el árbitra&lt;/em&gt;) sea que, perdida ya toda conciencia de que la forma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; ante nombres femeninos procede, por evolución, de un femenino &lt;em&gt;ela&lt;/em&gt;, en el sistema actual, la forma &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; se asocia exclusivamente con el género masculino y &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; con el femenino; quizá por ello, en los nuevos usos, cuando el sustantivo se refiere a seres sexuados, tiende a rechazarse la aplicación de la antigua norma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando el artículo acompaña a topónimos femeninos que comienzan por /a/ tónica, el uso es fluctuante. Así, con continentes se dice &lt;em&gt;el África&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el Asia&lt;/em&gt;, pero con países y ciudades se prefiere &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;La Haya&lt;/em&gt; (aquí el artículo forma incluso parte del nombre), &lt;em&gt;la Ámsterdam&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la Austria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T07:34:02.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17248" CreationDate="2018-03-09T10:04:55.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«(...) la RAE no tiene recogido ni&lt;/em&gt; táper &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; tupper, &lt;em&gt;obviamente por existir&lt;/em&gt; fiambrera, &lt;em&gt;pero ¿ha habido algún caso en el que la RAE haya claudicado e incluido un extranjerismo en el diccionario, a pesar de existir una palabra arraigada en español, por el éxito masivo del extranjerismo sobre el término autóctono?»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues mira, tu pregunta fue premonitoria. Precisamente...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z7mZk4e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;táper&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;Tupperware®&lt;/em&gt;, marca reg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Recipiente de plástico con cierre hermético, que se usa para guardar o llevar alimentos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... la RAE como dices &quot;claudicó&quot; y aceptó &lt;strong&gt;táper&lt;/strong&gt; en su última actualización del DLE (2018).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T10:04:55.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-09T11:08:41.497" Score="5" ViewCount="421" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi puesto de trabajo actual, la forma de trabajar difiere bastante de lo que había experimentado hasta ahora. Una de las cosas que estoy aprendiendo es a depurar procesos usando GDB en Linux con la consola de comandos. Nada de depurar paso a paso en una ventana gráfica donde ves con una flechita por qué línea vas. No. Aquí con el GDB se arrancan los procesos o... te &lt;em&gt;atacheas&lt;/em&gt; a ellos si ya se están ejecutando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se usa mucho, como habéis visto, el verbo &lt;em&gt;atachearse&lt;/em&gt;. Así, en forma pronominal. Tú te &lt;em&gt;atacheas&lt;/em&gt; a un proceso. El otro día comprobé tal cosa &lt;em&gt;atacheándome&lt;/em&gt; al proceso. La expresión original es el inglés &quot;to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/attach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;attach&lt;/a&gt; to a process&quot;, pero no consigo averiguar ahora mismo cuál sería la expresión correcta en español para este concepto. ¿Unirse a un proceso? ¿Adjuntarse a un proceso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué verbo se está usando en la literatura en español para referirse a esta acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-09T17:20:25.567" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T07:45:40.953" Title="Uso de &quot;attach&quot; en español en el contexto de depuración de procesos" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24433" CreationDate="2018-03-09T15:18:54.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no uso Linux ni entiendo de esas cosas, pero tengo programas de otra índole donde el flujo del tiempo avanza y tú puedes quedarte en un sitio o seguir la pista de algo (en inglés &lt;em&gt;to track something&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra que usan en español es &lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt;. Si el resto es lo que se mueve, puedes &lt;strong&gt;anclar&lt;/strong&gt; el proceso, mientras que si eres tú el que se mueve, dirías &lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt; al proceso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puedes usar sinónimos que se adecuen a este significado, como &quot;rastrear&quot;, &quot;rondar&quot;, &quot;vigilar&quot;, &quot;fiscalizar&quot;, &quot;perseguir&quot;, &quot;supervisar&quot;... La riqueza del castellano es enorme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T15:18:54.620" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24433" CreationDate="2018-03-09T21:13:15.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attach&lt;/strong&gt; para todo lo relacionado a informatica es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;adjuntar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Archivos, procesos, Actividades, Pasos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Track&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;attach&lt;/strong&gt; no son lo mismo, &lt;strong&gt;Track&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;Rastrear&lt;/strong&gt; y definitivamente eso no es lo que estas haciendo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a lo que se usa en la &quot;literatura&quot; si yo fuera traductor me quedaria con la traduccion original para evitar problemas de contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T21:13:15.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24422" CreationDate="2018-03-10T04:00:44.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El feminismo se desarrolló como una nueva manera de analizar las relaciones entre hombres y mujeres, y de analizar la sociedad.  El feminismo nos señala la desigualdad de &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;.  Clarence Thomas aprovechaba de su puesto como el jefe de Anita Hill para hostigarla; el sistema &lt;em&gt;sexista&lt;/em&gt; de aquel entonces la dejaba aislada, sin manera de hacer frente a su hostigamiento (que era sistemático).  El feminismo presentó cifras estadísticas que comprobaron que las mujeres no recibían el mismo pago que los hombres que realizaban el mismo trabajo, es decir, que no había &quot;equal pay for equal work&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo contrario del feminismo es el &lt;strong&gt;sexismo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sexismo es un sistema de creencias y un sistema legal.  Dentro del sexismo la mujer se limita por las respuestas represivas de individuos y de la sociedad.  Se limita hasta por sus propios temores.  Lo más feo de todo -- y esto yo no lo había visto antes de pasarme a vivir (desde EEUU) hasta México -- es cuando una mujer absorbe los valores sexistas hasta tal grado que ya ni cree en las posibilidades, y aplasta la esperanza de las niñas y las jóvenes más aún que los mismos hombres hacen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rechazo por completo tu análisis del segmento &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rDKaX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rDKaX.png&quot; alt=&quot;segmento AB&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que rechaza el sexismo propone ideas feministas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que rechaza (o la que rechaza) el feminismo &lt;em&gt;es sexista&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, se adhiere al &lt;em&gt;sexismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T19:03:14.773" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T19:03:14.773" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-10T10:24:41.200" Score="6" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la lengua se recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WbiPY7W&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de rodilla en rodilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. &lt;strong&gt;De varón en varón&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que no parece guardar mucha relación con las acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WbiPY7W&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rodilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Zona donde se une el muslo con la parte inferior de la pierna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Región prominente de la rodilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. En los cuadrúpedos, unión del antebrazo con la caña.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. rodete (‖ rosca para llevar peso sobre la cabeza).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Paño basto u ordinario, regularmente de lienzo, que sirve para limpiar, especialmente en la cocina.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué tiene &lt;strong&gt;de rodilla en rodilla&lt;/strong&gt; ese significado?  ¿Indica  promiscuidad, con relaciones con un varón tras otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T19:48:14.023" Title="¿Por qué &quot;de rodilla en rodilla&quot; quiere decir &quot;de varón en varón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24433" CreationDate="2018-03-10T16:02:24.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no conocía el término ni el concepto, y no entendí tu explicación muy bien, pero resulta que en Stack Overflow &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/6917636/445686&quot;&gt;alguien pidió una explicación del concepto&lt;/a&gt;.  He aquí algunas partecitas de respuestas que me ayudaron a entender este uso de &quot;attach&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you Attach to a Process, you're causing the debugger to attach to the process and allow you to set breakpoints within code that you have not started from a debugger. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Instead of pressing F5 to start an instance of your app (or pressing the green &quot;go&quot; button), you can attach the debugger to an already running program. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can attach the debugger to a running process and start debugging it where it's at. Mostly useful only if you have the debugging information for the executable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tend to use it if my program hits an exception and I'm not already debugging it. I can attach and then view the variables and call stack.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que capté: Mi propia experiencia con los debuggers es que cuando mi programa no se porta como yo esperaba, mato el proceso y empiezo de nuevo, pero a través del debugger.  Pero con este truco de &quot;attachment&quot;, entendí que se puede pedir actividades del debugger sin comenzar de nuevo, es decir, cuando el programa ya está en medio camino.  También entendí que este truco es útil para los programas secundarios que uno no echa a andar directamente.  (Perdón, no conozco la terminología de la computación en español, como por ejemplo &quot;debugger&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En base a esto, propongo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;insertar, insertarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I can attach and then view the variables&lt;/em&gt; | Puedo insertarme [al programa] y luego ver los valores de las variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can attach the debugger to an already running program&lt;/em&gt; | Puedes insertar el debugger a un programa que ya está en ejecución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una definición de DRAE que apoya esta idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkUR02C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;insertar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; prnl. Biol. Dicho de un órgano: Introducirse más o menos profundamente entre las partes de otro, o adherirse a su superficie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Perdón, no sé qué verbo esté ya establecido para expresar esto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T07:45:40.953" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T07:45:40.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24443" CreationDate="2018-03-10T18:56:45.707" Score="7" ViewCount="1287" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los diccionarios más antiguos (Nebrija, Casas, Covarrubias, etc) aparece definido &lt;strong&gt;potra&lt;/strong&gt; únicamente como &lt;em&gt;hernia&lt;/em&gt; (muchas veces especificando que es inguinal o escrotal). Por ejemplo, el Diccionario de Autoridades define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;POTRA: Especie de hernia o rotura interior, que se causa por baxar las tripas à la bolsa de los testículos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es hasta la edición de 1803 cuando se añade una segunda entrada: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;POTRA. V. POTRO  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la edición de 1817 se añade  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CANTARLE A UNO LA POTRA: f. met. y fam. Sentir los quebrados algún dolor en la parte lastimada, lo que comúnmente sucede en la mudanza de tiempo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de la edición de 1852 se incluye (en la entrada potra = hernia, no en potra = yegua jóven) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TENER POTRA. fr. fam. Ser dichoso.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que en la edición de 1950 recibe la acepción actual:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tener potra&lt;/strong&gt; uno. fr. fig. y fam. Ser afortunado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna explicación de esa aparición de &quot;tener potra&quot; tan diferente del significado de la palabra? Porque no creo que tener una hernia en el escroto sea ser dichoso o afortunado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T13:36:23.187" Title="¿Cómo surgió la expresión &quot;tener potra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24442" CreationDate="2018-03-10T21:18:37.680" Score="4" ViewCount="1686" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un uso posible de la frase sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es muy difícil que quiera dejarte de ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18985" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-10T22:08:50.897" LastActivityDate="2020-07-23T12:51:24.800" Title="¿Qué es lo correcto, &quot;Dejar de verte&quot; o &quot;Dejarte de ver&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24441" CreationDate="2018-03-10T22:08:17.660" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues lo mismo da, que da lo mismo: ambas son correctas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/volver-a-verte-o-volverte-a-ver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Volver a verte o volverte a ver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando tenemos una perífrasis verbal (dos o más verbos que funcionan juntos como si fueran uno solo) junto con un pronombre átono (me, nos, te, lo, la, los, las, les, se) es normal que surja esa duda. En estos casos las dos opciones serían válidas: &lt;strong&gt;el pronombre puede ir pospuesto al infinitivo&lt;/strong&gt; (o gerundio) &lt;strong&gt;o delante del verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis&lt;/strong&gt; (el que se conjuga). Por ejemplo: Tengo que hacer mi tarea —&amp;gt; Tengo que hacerla o La tengo que hacer; Estoy haciendo mi tarea—&amp;gt; Estoy haciéndola o La estoy haciendo. Así pues, puedes decir Espero volver a verte o Espero volverte a ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes leer más sobre este tipo de pronombres, llamados clíticos, en la entrada del DPD de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pronombres personales átonos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en concreto en esta sección que incide en lo dicho arriba de que &lt;em&gt;el pronombre personal átono puede ir pospuesto al verbo principal («volver a verte») o junto al auxiliar («volverte a ver»)&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1286280580242509824&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. &lt;strong&gt;Colocación de los clíticos con respecto al verbo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Los clíticos se posponen a las formas simples de infinitivo y de gerundio: &lt;em&gt;Al mirarlo, sonrió; No conseguirás nada regañándome&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si el infinitivo o el gerundio forman parte de una perífrasis verbal, en la mayor parte de los casos los clíticos pueden colocarse también delante del verbo auxiliar de la perífrasis, que es el que aparece en forma personal: &lt;em&gt;Debo hacerlo / Lo debo hacer; Tienes que llevárselo / Se lo tienes que llevar; Vais a arrepentiros / Os vais a arrepentir; Siempre está quejándose / Siempre se está quejando; Siguió explicándomelo / Me lo siguió explicando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en este caso se trata de una perífrasis verbal aspectual (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.materialesdelengua.org/LENGUA/morfologia/perifrasis/perifrasisverbales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perífrasis&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-23T12:51:24.800" LastActivityDate="2020-07-23T12:51:24.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24440" CreationDate="2018-03-11T02:12:21.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Walen no anda desencaminado en su comentario. El tener una hernia en el escroto se ha asociado con tener una &amp;quot;ventaja especial&amp;quot; (en este caso una &amp;quot;habilidad especial&amp;quot; y por eso los que la tenían eran afortunados..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde la antigüedad se decía que las personas con hernias tenían molestias que aumentaban con los cambios meteorológicos, debido a las variaciones de presión y humedad. &lt;strong&gt;Así, aquellos con «potras» podían predecir lluvias y otro tipo de fenómenos meteorológicos, lo que se consideraba una suerte&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lasprovincias.es/culturas/201603/28/donde-viene-expresion-tener-20160328172829.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lasprovincias.es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También lo encontramos en este otro blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En especial en la antigüedad, &lt;strong&gt;el conocimiento de la predicción  de lluvias y demás inclemencias del tiempo era de gran valor&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Aquéllos con &amp;quot;potras&amp;quot; tenían esta capacidad y se les consideraba afortunados por ello&lt;/strong&gt;. Por esa valía, comenzó a acuñarse dicha expresión que ha llegado a nuestros días con el significado conocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://origenlenguaje.blogspot.com/2014/11/origen-de-la-expresion-tener-potra.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;origendellenguaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo dice también &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-proviene-utilizar-el-termino-potra-para-indicar-que-alguien-tiene-buena-suerte/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;el listo que todo lo sabe&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;… El saberlo con suficiente anticipación ayudaba a que muchos agricultores pudiesen salvar sus cosechas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, a ese tipo de hernia (la potra) con el tiempo se le comenzó a considerar como algo bueno y de ahí que al que la padecía se le acabó considerando como alguien suertudo, dando lugar con los años a expresiones del tipo ‘menuda potra tiene’, ‘vaya potra he tenido’, ‘a ver si tenemos potra’…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T13:36:23.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24451" CreationDate="2018-03-11T06:29:48.090" Score="5" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;He notado que en uno de los libros que ahora leo, la costumbre es escribir la palabra &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt; sin la segunda &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir como &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy, la única forma aceptada es &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt;, pero no tuvo que cambiar.  El portugués y gallego mantienen la palabra sin la consonante nasal como &lt;em&gt;cansaço&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(pt)&lt;/sub&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cansazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(gl)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo apareció la forma &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt;? Si siempre convivía con la forma &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt;, ¿cuándo desapareció ese último?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. El asturiano también tiene la segunda &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no podemos aprovechar con una comparación respecto al aragonés o catalán por usar estos sufijos diferentes, &lt;em&gt;cansera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(ar)&lt;/sub&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cansament&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(cat)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T08:53:06.127" Title="¿Cuándo adquirió la segunda N la palabra «cansancio»?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23944" CreationDate="2018-03-11T16:24:28.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE nos muestra lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;folgar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. desus. holgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. desus. Tener ayuntamiento carnal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mapa de diccionarios lo empieza a incluir con el ayuntamiento carnal en 1884 y follar con el significado buscado a partir de 1992 (aunque la RAE casi siempre va unos años atrasada con el idioma, pero esa es otra historia), así que follar sería una adaptación, lo que traslada la duda hacia &lt;em&gt;folgar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Folgar ya aparece por lo menos unos 180 años antes de lo que indica el mapa de diccionarios con la segunda acepción, en un libro de un tal Miguel de Cervantes... Al iniciar el capítulo XIX de la primera parte de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Quijote,_Primera_Parte:_Cap%C3%ADtulo_XIX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, dice Sancho Panza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Paréceme, señor mío, que todas estas desventuras que estos días nos han sucedido, sin duda alguna han sido pena del pecado cometido por vuestra merced contra la orden de su caballería, no habiendo cumplido el juramento que hizo de no comer pan a manteles ni con la reina folgar, con todo aquello que a esto se sigue(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora es cuestión de confirmar la adaptación de la palabra y la existencia de fuentes previas (que es lo más seguro)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T01:35:06.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23944" CreationDate="2018-03-11T17:44:28.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A través del CORDE he encontrado una única referencia, de &lt;strong&gt;1874&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/don-juan-notorio-burdel-en-cinco-actos-y-2000-escandalos--0/html/ff86058c-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_2.html#I_0_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don Juan Notorio: burdel en cinco actos y 2000 escándalos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Acto I, Escena II, versos 108 y ss):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquí está Don Juan Tenorio,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para quien quiera joder.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los romanos caprichosos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  los muchachos licenciosos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo gallardo... por mi fe,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  apuesto que no dejé&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  más de dos culos mohosos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salí de Roma por fin,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  como os podéis figurar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con un disfraz harto ruin,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y a lomos de un mal rocín,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pues que me querían &lt;strong&gt;follar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A quien quise me tiré,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a quien quiso la metí,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y nunca consideré&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que pudo joderme a mí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aquél a quien yo &lt;strong&gt;follé&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que indica que ya en ese año (1874) se conocía y usaba &quot;follar&quot; en la acepción sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastEditorDisplayName="user18936" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T22:18:14.337" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T22:18:14.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24444" CreationDate="2018-03-11T19:19:41.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible que el origen del castellano &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt; y del portugués &lt;em&gt;cansaço&lt;/em&gt; no sea el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No existe ningún otro sustantivo derivado de verbo que utilice el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ncio&lt;/em&gt; para expresar un estado o acción, como &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt; a partir de &lt;em&gt;cansar&lt;/em&gt;. El sufijo habitual es el femenino &lt;em&gt;-ncia&lt;/em&gt; (como en &lt;em&gt;vagancia, potencia&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), que proviene directamente del latín &lt;em&gt;-ntia&lt;/em&gt;. En &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt;, y sólo en ella, ese sufijo cambia inexplicablemente de género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado el &lt;em&gt;cansaço&lt;/em&gt; portugués utiliza un sufijo diferente. No conozco tanto portugués pero creo que este uso también es único, o bien se desprende figurativamente del uso de &lt;em&gt;-aço&lt;/em&gt; como marca de golpe o movimiento violento (correspondiente a nuestro &lt;em&gt;-azo&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;em&gt;cansaço&lt;/em&gt; sería un &quot;golpe de fatiga&quot;, un cansarse repentino y violento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otras palabras portuguesas que terminan en &lt;em&gt;-ço&lt;/em&gt; pero éste corresponde al español &lt;em&gt;-cio&lt;/em&gt; (del latín &lt;em&gt;-tium&lt;/em&gt;), como en &lt;em&gt;preço&lt;/em&gt; (esp. &lt;em&gt;precio&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; lat. &lt;em&gt;pretium&lt;/em&gt;), o bien resultan de una raíz verbal terminada en /s/ que proviene de una sibilante palatal (y que en español tendrá generalmente una &lt;em&gt;-z-&lt;/em&gt;), como en &lt;em&gt;abraço&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde proviene la vacilación entre &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt;? Quizá la primera forma, más antigua y cercana a la norma iberorromance, no sonaba del todo bien a algún oído y fue influenciada por la gran cantidad de sustantivos derivados con &lt;em&gt;-ncia&lt;/em&gt;. Quizá esta influencia bastó para que la nasal se introdujera en la palabra, pero no tanto como para hacerla cambiar de género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T19:19:41.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24448" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-11T19:29:30.577" Score="2" ViewCount="2642" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que lo siguiente tiene acento en &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No hay de qué.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿qué hay con estas variantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No hay de que agradecer.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No hay nada que agradecer.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T14:10:37.350" Title="¿Acento en &quot;que&quot; en la siguiente frase: &quot;No hay nada que agradecer&quot;?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24448" CreationDate="2018-03-11T21:25:52.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues el del primer caso es un pronombre interrogativo o exclamativo, mientras que en el segundo caso tenemos un pronombre relativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este segundo caso tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pron. relat. m., f. y n.&lt;/em&gt; Introduce una oración relativa sin antecedente expreso. U. precedido del artículo determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2ª acepción de la RAE). Como ves es muy distinto al &quot;qué&quot; con tilde, que se trataría de (en su 9ª acepción)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pron. excl. n.&lt;/em&gt; Pondera las cualidades de algo que no se expresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, quizá otras acepciones se adecuen más al uso que mencionas. Te recomiendo buscar ambas en DRAE, pues hay un conjunto muy prolijo de acepciones con ejemplos incluidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T12:59:20.597" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T12:59:20.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-12T08:12:06.720" Score="5" ViewCount="2008" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por plantear un sencillo ejercicio de etimología, cojamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;feminismo&lt;/em&gt; y tratemos de buscar su opuesto etimológico. Según el diccionario, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjuyHQ5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;feminismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviene del francés &lt;em&gt;féminisme&lt;/em&gt; y este del latín &lt;em&gt;femĭna&lt;/em&gt;. En español existe &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HjmYDsU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fémina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero no sé cuál es su opuesto masculino, luego además de la opción &lt;em&gt;masculinismo&lt;/em&gt; que parece relativamente obvia, ¿existirían otras posibilidades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál se os ocurre que podría ser su opuesto etimológico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NOTA: Esta pregunta está hecha sin contexto a propósito, principalmente porque no lo hay. No es que quiera usar la palabra inventada para un libro ni nada. Es lo que es: un pequeño juego de etimología (por pura curiosidad y despojando a la palabra en sí de su significado) para ver qué se os ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T06:57:04.817" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T20:36:48.043" Title="¿Cuál sería el opuesto etimológico de &quot;feminismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24444" CreationDate="2018-03-12T08:43:04.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando el NTLLE veo que desde 1495 en los diccionarios aparece &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt;, con la segunda &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;. Nebrija lo traduce como &lt;em&gt;defatigatio&lt;/em&gt; y Covarrubias en 1611 lo define como &quot;la fatiga del cuerpo&quot;. Solo un diccionario, el Bluteau de 1721, recoge &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt;. Curiosamente, es un diccionario de español-portugúes por lo que puede que se usara el término &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt; por influencia de este idioma, dado que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Bluteau&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el autor&lt;/a&gt; vivió dos tercios de su vida en Portugal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si buscamos en el CORDE vemos que hasta 1600 hay 559 casos de &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt; en 210 documentos, mientras que tan solo hay 37 casos de &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt; en 17 documentos. Hacia este siglo pues la palabra &lt;em&gt;cansancio&lt;/em&gt; ya estaba asentada, pero si nos vamos un poco más atrás, restringiendo la búsqueda hasta el 1500 aparecen 41 casos y 17 casos, respectivamente. Restringiendo hasta el 1400 aparecen 11 casos y 9 casos. Y restringiendo hasta el 1300 aparecen 4 y 7 casos, que es cuando la tendencia se invierte y aparecen más casos de &lt;em&gt;cansacio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la versión con dos &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; debió hacerse más popular hacia el siglo XV, como se demuestra teniendo en cuenta que en 1495 ya aparecía así en los dicionarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T08:53:06.127" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T08:53:06.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24450" CreationDate="2018-03-12T15:00:40.107" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra en cuanto a su uso y origen seria &quot;&lt;strong&gt;varón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en cuanto a su uso para &quot;hombre&quot; o relativo a &quot;hombre&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;féminas y varones &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a cualidades: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;femenino y varonil &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en cuanto a género la palabra es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;masculino&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que el opuesto a &lt;em&gt;feminismo&lt;/em&gt; debería ser &lt;strong&gt;varonismo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;masculinismo&lt;/strong&gt; y no &lt;strong&gt;machismo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Machista&lt;/em&gt; envuelve las características del género animal y no del ser humano. Mientras que &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt; puede ser aplicado a animales, &lt;em&gt;femenino&lt;/em&gt; es solo aplicable al género humano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como lo opuesto a &lt;strong&gt;machismo&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;hembrismo&lt;/strong&gt;, lo opuesto a &lt;strong&gt;feminismo&lt;/strong&gt; debería ser &lt;strong&gt;varonismo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí ambas palabras simbolizan la grandeza, individualidad, virtud y belleza de cada género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T14:01:46.960" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T14:01:46.960" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24438" CreationDate="2018-03-12T19:48:14.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que la definición de la RAE no me deja claro el significado, pero viendo algunos ejemplos en el CORDE queda más claro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Bargas es noble gente que -afirman las istorias de España e memorias de linajes que yo tengo-, vienen de rodilla en rodilla derechamente de los godos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Mena, &quot;Memoria de algunos linajes&quot;, 1448 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Súpolo el conde y escribió a la Junta y a Valladolid quejándose mucho que tuviesen tales sospechas de él; que él no venía de vendedores ni de traidores, sino de leales caballeros de los reyes godos de España de rodilla en rodilla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Prudencio de Sandoval, &quot;Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V&quot;, 1604-1618 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la expresión se refiere a los linajes que, desde tiempos inmemoriales, se transmiten entre generaciones mediante los hijos varones. Pero ¿por qué &quot;rodilla&quot;? Lo único que he encontrado al respecto es esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cuanto a lo de &quot;nacer de rodilla en rodilla&quot;, paréceme que, más bien que en el dominio de la poesía, cae en el de la obstetricia, o sea el arte de partear.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de Mesonero Romanos, &quot;Memorias de un setentón&quot;, 1880-1881 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Partear&quot; se usa para los facultativos o comadronas que asisten a la mujer al parto. Hoy día se usa una silla dado que la parturienta suele estar en una cama elevada, pero tal vez antiguamente la postura de las comadronas fuese de rodillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe otra posibilidad, y es una antigua acepción de &quot;rodilla&quot; que aparece en diccionarios del siglo XVIII que dice &quot;el paño vil, regularmente de lienzo, que sirve para limpiar alguna cosa&quot;. Covarrubias afirma además que las mozas lo suelen torcer y poner en la cabeza, &quot;para que no les lastime el peso de lo que llevaren encima&quot;. Pero me quedo igual, no sé qué relación puede tener esto con las parturientas (¿tal vez lo usaban para sujetarse el pelo en los partos?) o con los linajes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O a lo mejor lo de &quot;partear&quot; es una pista falsa, y simplemente se refiere al hecho de que los nobles y reyes debían arrodillarse a la hora de tomar posesión del título (y por tanto transmitir el linaje).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T19:48:14.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24456" CreationDate="2018-03-12T20:40:02.303" Score="3" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &quot;&lt;em&gt;busca con qué desaburrirte&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is a translation of &quot;find something to entertain yourself&quot; from a dubbed Latin American Spanish (not sure which country in particular) version of Shrek 2. Is this a common way of saying &quot;find something to...&quot;? I have never heard it said in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hahjAhR7JFk&amp;amp;t=95&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; of the scene on youtube. The moment I am referring to is at 1:40.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T08:17:11.773" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T08:17:11.773" Title="Use of &quot;Busca con qué desaburrirte&quot; to mean &quot;Find something to entertain yourself&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24455" CreationDate="2018-03-12T21:09:31.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all notice that &quot;qué&quot; is in a question, so the accent important,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busca con qué desaburrirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds perfectly good to me to say &quot;Busca con qué&quot; + verb, but maybe in Spain is not that common. I would rather say &quot;Busca algo para&quot; + verb, so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busca algo para desaburrirte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice also that &quot;desaburrirse&quot; doesn't mean exactly &quot;entertain yourself&quot;, the literal translation will be &quot;entretenerte&quot;, and it would be also perfectly fine to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busca con qué entretenerte / Busca algo para entretenerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Desaburrir&quot; would literally mean &quot;get unbored&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T04:24:02.093" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T04:24:02.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24450" CreationDate="2018-03-13T02:46:27.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al &lt;code&gt;masculinismo&lt;/code&gt; ya &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24425/5481&quot;&gt;propuesto anteriormente&lt;/a&gt; voy a añadir &lt;code&gt;virilismo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder a esta pregunta me repasé un poco la etimología de &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como explican en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminismo#Etimolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; empezó como un neologismo francés con un significado completamente distinto al actual (más por tema médico que de derechos sociales). Luego Alejandro Dumas lo usó con un sentido despectivo en uno de sus panfletos (más con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;afeminado&lt;/em&gt;) &amp;quot;para desprestigiar a los varones que apoyaban decididamente el movimiento de mujeres que demandaban el acceso a sus derechos ciudadanos&amp;quot;. De nuevo wikipedia aclara que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No fue hasta la década de 1880, cuando Hubertine Auclert, sufragista francesa, retomó el término, ahora con una connotación dirigida a los movimientos que buscaban la justicia social y política para las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?feminismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; explica que &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot; viene de &amp;quot;fémina&amp;quot; y el sufijo -ismo (doctrina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo opuesto a una fémina sería un varón, que nos daría &lt;code&gt;varonilismo&lt;/code&gt; como apunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24452/5481&quot;&gt;Mike en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;. Pero también tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=btKqf5s%7CbtLZwGu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;viril&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al varón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Propio del varón o que posee características atribuidas a él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es lo opuesto a afeminado, además de relativo al varón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &amp;quot;virilismo&amp;quot; tienes algo que no solo usa el opuesto de &amp;quot;fémina&amp;quot; si no que recoge un poco ese viaje &amp;quot;etimológico&amp;quot; del término hasta ser usado como se usa hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Virilista&lt;/code&gt; podría ser un término despectivo para &amp;quot;desprestigiar a las mujeres que apoyan decididamente el movimiento de hombres&amp;quot; (vendría a ser un equivalente de &amp;quot;marimacho&amp;quot;) y luego ese término podría perder las connotaciones peyorativas para identificar el término de la lucha contra el hembrismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bOO3Dhj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Varonil&lt;/a&gt;, tiene la misma definición que &amp;quot;viril&amp;quot; de acuerdo al DRAE, por lo que el ya propuesto &amp;quot;varonilismo&amp;quot; cuadraría también para reflejar ese viaje etimológico de &amp;quot;feminismo&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T17:52:55.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25812" CreationDate="2018-03-13T06:21:44.310" Score="5" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace dos minutos he escuchado a una locutora de radio pronunciar la siguiente oración (más o menos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se supone que, desde 2008, los gobiernos han ido endureciendo los controles sobre las grandes compañías, pero &lt;strong&gt;la realidad es muy otra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo había oído expresiones como &lt;em&gt;«la realidad es otra»&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;«la realidad es muy distinta»&lt;/em&gt;, ambas con un significado similar. Pero esto de «muy otra» no acaba de cuadrarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto decir «muy otra» como sinónimo de «muy distinta»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T07:25:41.307" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T06:46:07.257" Title="¿Es correcto decir «muy otra» como sinónimo de «muy distinta» en «La realidad es muy otra»?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24479" CreationDate="2018-03-13T13:35:53.343" Score="7" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día buscando la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YHjDMEE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;solfa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE me encontré con que una de las acepciones no se entendía por si misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Combinación de ambas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pareció raro ya que yo pensaba que las definiciones debían ser autosuficientes y esa definición necesita de la anterior para cobrar sentido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Melodía y armonía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora ya parece que podemos presumir que cuando dice &lt;em&gt;ambas&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la &lt;em&gt;melodía&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;armonía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay otras definiciones de este tipo o es un error? ¿Hay un criterio definido por la RAE para las definiciones en su diccionario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T10:47:42.877" Title="¿Deben las definiciones del DLE ser autosuficientes?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24458" CreationDate="2018-03-13T17:41:41.063" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habría una diferencia de grado. En general &quot;distinto&quot; implica que algo no es igual, mientras que &quot;otro&quot; hace referencia a que es diferente, o incluso opuesto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno puede decir que algo es &lt;em&gt;distinto&lt;/em&gt; sin que por ello se considere que es mucha la diferencia. Que algo sea &lt;em&gt;otro&lt;/em&gt; implica que la diferencia es tal que ni siquiera es comparable, porque es lo opuesto.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En consecuencia, uno puede decir que algo es &lt;em&gt;distinto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;muy distinto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ligeramente distinto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;algo distinto&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Pues la palabra admite graduaciones. En cambio la palabra &lt;em&gt;otro&lt;/em&gt; inmediatamente implica que es casi opuesto, por ello no hay graduaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T19:08:36.917" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T19:08:36.917" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24464" CreationDate="2018-03-13T19:39:01.910" Score="4" ViewCount="1847" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;algo&quot; and &quot;alguna cosa&quot;, since they both mean &quot;something&quot;? How do you know which one to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Estás mirando algo en la tele?&lt;/em&gt; Are you watching something on TV?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Es alguna cosa de comer?&lt;/em&gt; Is it something to eat?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Ha visto alguna cosa?&lt;/em&gt; Have you seen something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay algunas cosas que no te he contado.&lt;/em&gt; There are some things I haven't told you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, when should &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; follow &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te compré algo de comer.&lt;/em&gt; I bought you something to eat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T20:11:55.400" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T04:43:22.190" Title="What is the difference between &quot;algo&quot; and &quot;alguna cosa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24463" CreationDate="2018-03-13T20:07:54.263" Score="4" ViewCount="29800" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vaya de primeras que mi respuesta a esta pregunta sería que no lo hay, pero bueno, a ver si me explico. Hoy día la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q8CVxNy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;musa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Inspiración del artista o escritor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La inspiración de los artistas y escritores puede ser muy variada, pero a lo largo del tiempo se conocen casos en los que esta inspiración venía personificada por alguien, generalmente una mujer que inspira a un artista varón, dado que se hace la comparación de dicha mujer con &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las musas&lt;/a&gt; de la antigüedad. Sin embargo, ¿qué pasa cuando la fuente de inspiración se personifica en un hombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro en la Wikipedia en inglés &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BillyBoy*&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el siguiente ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BillyBoy* (born 10 March 1960) is an artist, socialite and fashion designer who was a muse of Andy Warhol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que BillyBoy* es un hombre, ¿cómo se diría en español? Yo entiendo que se diría &quot;la musa&quot; igualmente, aunque me gustaría saber si hay otras opciones. ¿Cómo se está reflejando este caso en la literatura española? ¿Se usa &quot;musa&quot;? ¿Se usa &quot;el muso&quot; al estilo de &quot;miembros y miembras&quot;? ¿Se evitaría el término en favor de decir &quot;era la inspiración de Andy Warhol&quot;? ¿Hay algún otro término o concepto equivalente a &quot;musa&quot; que usar con los hombres?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T05:27:57.950" Title="¿Existe un equivalente masculino de &quot;musa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24462" CreationDate="2018-03-14T00:31:33.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes &lt;code&gt;numen&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QiJhQqY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;numen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Deidad dotada de un poder misterioso y fascinador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera acepción de &amp;quot;numen&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;musa&amp;quot;, por cierto. Curiosamente las tres acepciones (incluida &amp;quot;musa&amp;quot;) son nombres masculinos de acuerdo al DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes también el mucho más rebuscado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H05vNCx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Inspiración ardiente del poeta o del artista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al contrario que &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bVcOttg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vena&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NPJpMwo%7CNPKEo9z&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lira&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, que también pueden usarse para describir la inspiración artística o poética pero son nombres femeninos, &lt;code&gt;estro&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;numen&lt;/code&gt; son masculinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá podrías usar &amp;quot;numen&amp;quot; como alternativa masculina de &amp;quot;musa&amp;quot;. Con &amp;quot;estro&amp;quot; me la juego a que no te entendería casi nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T00:40:25.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24461" CreationDate="2018-03-14T02:29:14.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;algo&quot; is much more usual than &quot;alguna cosa&quot; for at least the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;algo&quot; is shorter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;alguna cosa&quot; tends to be more heavy-handed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;algo&quot; can refer to something concrete or abstract. The use of the noun &quot;cosa&quot; may suggest the existence of something physical.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do say: &lt;em&gt;¿Estás mirando &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; en la tele?&lt;/em&gt;, but saying &lt;em&gt;¿Estás mirando &lt;strong&gt;alguna cosa&lt;/strong&gt; en la tele?&lt;/em&gt; would be unnecessarily long as well as rather awkward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;em&gt;¿Es alguna cosa de comer?&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit off, especially because of the preposition &quot;de&quot;: &quot;para comer&quot; would be more idiomatic. Once again, &lt;em&gt;¿Es &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; para comer?&lt;/em&gt; is both shorter and better. Similarly, I'd say &lt;em&gt;Te compré algo para comer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question &lt;em&gt;¿Ha visto alguna cosa?&lt;/em&gt; sounds incomplete. It'd be more usual to find a relative clause or an adjectival structure after &quot;cosa&quot;: &lt;em&gt;¿Ha visto alguna cosa (algo) en especial / alguna cosa (algo) que le llame la atención?&lt;/em&gt; I prefer &quot;algo&quot; in both cases, unless we need to emphasize the physical nature of the thing in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;Hay algunas cosas que no te he contado&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;algo&quot; is not possible because it lacks the plural sense of &quot;alguna&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; cosa&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T04:43:22.190" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T04:43:22.190" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24465" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-14T03:42:53.643" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la pronunciación correcta de &amp;quot;espontaneidad&amp;quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was recently in the process of collecting some audio from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forvo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forvo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to add to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memrise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Memrise&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; course I was making and one of the words I wanted to add was &amp;quot;espontaneidad.&amp;quot;  As I waited for my computer to pull up the page of audio recordings for this word, I wondered how it would be pronounced and discovered that all three of the Forvo contributors treated the &amp;quot;ei&amp;quot; as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monophthong&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monophthong&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; instead of as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphthong&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dipthong&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as I had assumed.  I initially thought, &lt;em&gt;Well I'm glad I checked because I hadn't been pronouncing it like that.&lt;/em&gt;  For some reason, however, I decided to see if &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordReference.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; had any audio recording of it and what I found there surprised me a bit because the pronunciation differed ever so slightly.  Below you will find links to both the Forvo recordings and the WordReference recordings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/espontaneidad/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forvo pronunciations of &amp;quot;espontaneidad&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=espontaneidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference entry for &amp;quot;espontaneidad&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Click on the drop down menu to the right of the WordReference entry to select a pronunciation from Mexico, Spain, or Argentina.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you hear the difference?  What's the correct way to pronounce this word?  In other words, should I pronounce the “ei” combination like “ay” or like “AY-i&amp;quot;?  (Please forgive my lack of sophistication in transcribing sound.  I am neither a linguist nor a student of the International Phonetic Alphabet.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente estaba en el proceso de colectar audio de Forvo para añadir a un curso de Memrise que estaba creando y una de las palabras que quería añadir fue “espontaneidad”.  Mientras esperaba mi computadora para mostrarme la página con descargables grabaciones de audio, me preguntaba cómo sería pronunciada y descubrí que cada uno de las tres contribuyentes de Forvo consideró la combinación “ei” como una vocal pura (o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monoptongo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) en lugar de un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diptongo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diptongo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Inicialmente, pensé que &lt;em&gt;Pues, me alegre que las verifiqué porque no había estado pronunciándola como eso.&lt;/em&gt;  Por alguna razón, sin embargo, decidí ver si &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordReference.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tenía grabaciones de esta palabra y lo que descubrí allí me sorprendió un poco porque la pronunciación era un poquito diferente.  Por debajo encontrarán enlaces a tanto las grabaciones de Forvo como las grabaciones de WordReference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Hagan clic en menú descendente a la derecha de la entrada en WordReference para seleccionar una pronunciación de México, España, o Argentina.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Oyen la diferencia?  ¿Cuál es la manera correcta de pronunciar esta palabra?  En otras palabras, ¿debería pronunciar la combinación “ei” como “ay” o como “AY-i”?  (Perdonen mi falta de sofisticación en transcribir sonido.  No soy ni una lingüista ni una estudiante del Alfabeto Fonético Internacional.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T07:45:02.897" Title="What is the correct pronunciation of &quot;espontaneidad?&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24455" CreationDate="2018-03-14T04:28:32.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a pun, based on the bored character being a donkey, which is similar to &lt;em&gt;burro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even translators get to have some fun sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T04:28:32.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24465" CreationDate="2018-03-14T04:40:40.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, let's make sure we're on the same page about E being a strong vowel and I being a weak one, which means that without a written accent, these two vowels together would form &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; syllable.  I &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; your question implies that you're clear about this but I just wanted to make sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listened to the six pronunciations and I see that some people are a little sloppy with the &quot;ei&quot; syllable.  I don't see this as a big deal.  In English some people are sloppy with the T in &quot;butter&quot; and some people aren't.  Both of these cases have a degree of variation I can live with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, the first Forvo pronunciation, that shows a clear distinction between the two vowels in this syllable, is &lt;strong&gt;the correct one&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, for one, as a non-native speaker of Spanish, tend to feel reassured when I hear this degree of variation among native speakers, because it tells me I can relax a bit and afford to be just a bit sloppy here and there from time to time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T04:40:40.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2018-03-14T06:00:35.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por añadir algo, en el CORDE solo se recogen un par de casos de &lt;em&gt;marida&lt;/em&gt; = esposa (los restantes corresponden al verbo maridar = casarse):   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si va a decir la verdad, señores alcaldes, tan &lt;strong&gt;marida&lt;/strong&gt; es Mari Cobeña de Tozuelo, y él marido della, como lo es mi madre de mi padre y mi padre de mi madre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Cervantes, Los trabajos de Persiles y Segismunda, 1616)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Superior, superiora, previsora, afable, jefa, médica, alcaldesa, princesa, albañila, &lt;strong&gt;marida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Herrero Mayor, Avelino, Diálogo argentino de la lengua, 1954-1967)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T07:00:45.133" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T07:00:45.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24465" CreationDate="2018-03-14T07:45:02.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etymologically, there is a hiatus: /es.pon.ta.ne.i'dad/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, in words that have hiatuses where the weak vowel is not also the stressed syllable of the word, there is a strong tendency for speakers to form a diphthong. All speakers may end up doing it, and it may be influenced by dialect, register, rate of speech, etc. This is partly why Spanish never developed a way to indicate such hiatuses (outside of poetry) — they are not consistent and never distinguish words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can freely say /es.pon.ta.ne.i'dad/ or /es.pon.ta.nej'dad/ and it's doubtful speakers will even notice which you chose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T07:45:02.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24483" CreationDate="2018-03-14T11:00:56.930" Score="6" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This game has ended, the winner is &lt;strong&gt;VeAqui&lt;/strong&gt; with a translation of just &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24483/12637&quot;&gt;43 characters&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This edition proposed game is to translate &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ux90A4YDLdo&amp;amp;t=123&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the second chorus of &lt;em&gt;奇跡の海 (Kiseki no umi)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;The sea of miracles&quot;, a Japanese song that served as opening theme for the &lt;em&gt;Record of Lodoss War&lt;/em&gt; series:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;風よ 私は立ち向かう&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  行こう 輝きを目指して&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  祈り この胸に抱きしめ&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  彷徨う 闇のような未来  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kaze yo watashi wa tachimukau&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yukou kagayaki wo mezashite&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Inori kono mune ni dakishime&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Samayou yami no you na mirai  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its English translation goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh wind, I will stand and face you!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I will go and head for the brilliance.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Embracing a prayer to my heart,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I wander the seemingly dark future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(110 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact. In this case, &lt;em&gt;the original text&lt;/em&gt; refers to the English tranlation of the Japanese text, as the Japanese text will not be taken into account for the answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a (non-golfed) example translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; ¡Oh, viento! ¡Me enfrentaré a ti sin caer!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Caminando hacia la iluminación,&lt;br&gt;&#xA; abrazando una oración en mi pecho&lt;br&gt;&#xA; y errando por el aparentemente oscuro futuro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(123 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in this edition the rhyme bonuses will not apply as there are no rhymes in the original text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T11:25:05.707" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T11:25:05.707" Title="Translation Golf XXXV - The sea of miracles" Tags="&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-14T11:32:22.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24470" CreationDate="2018-03-14T11:13:21.247" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;s&gt;91&lt;/s&gt; 64 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Viento, te reto!&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Iré a la luz.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Acojo un rezo en mí,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;erro por el futuro que tira a negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T10:04:57.220" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-14T11:13:21.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-14T11:37:52.990" Score="4" ViewCount="1877" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/stephen-hawking-ela-teoria-del-todo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el artículo de Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; al hilo del reciente fallecimiento de Stephen Hawking, leo que tanto &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9anORqL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cociente&lt;/a&gt; intelectual&quot; como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9e8d8Dc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coeficiente&lt;/a&gt; intelectual&quot; están admitidas en el DLE. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cociente_intelectual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la entrada de la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se menciona también que ambas expresiones son válidas. Sin embargo, que el DLE diga que son válidas se debe a que la gente usa los dos términos por igual, manteniendo así la RAE su posición de notaria del lenguaje sin hacer de juez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre había pensado que la forma correcta era &quot;cociente intelectual&quot;, y que decir &quot;coeficiente intelectual&quot; era un error. En la propia página de la Wikipedia se hace mención a esto, pero a falta de una cita: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] es importante aclarar que la comunidad psicológica se ha manifestado reclamando&lt;sup&gt;[cita requerida]&lt;/sup&gt; como única forma correcta la de «cociente intelectual», traducción literal del término original Intelligenz-Quotient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fin de cuentas, buscando las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;cociente&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;coeficiente&lt;/em&gt;, vemos que los términos no son equivalentes. Así pues, busquemos esa cita requerida: ¿qué dice la comunidad científica sobre estas expresiones? ¿Se debe emplazar a la gente a usar &quot;cociente intelectual&quot;? ¿O los dos términos son válidos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T20:38:08.580" Title="¿&quot;Cociente intelectual&quot; o &quot;coeficiente intelectual&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24470" CreationDate="2018-03-14T11:55:10.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;71&lt;/s&gt; 44&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1L3KU50#Kc83v59&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aire&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R7rfFFQ#BaIupeD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;opugno&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HBfNljn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excelso&lt;/a&gt; seré.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bFsrlQS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vago&lt;/a&gt;, con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HhQFq5H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fe&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QN0nGts#KSUp7cb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;negro&lt;/a&gt; futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T08:22:13.863" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T08:22:13.863" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-14T11:55:10.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24472" CreationDate="2018-03-14T12:08:46.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cociente_intelectual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... el CI se obtiene dividiendo la edad mental de una persona entre su edad cronológica y multiplicando el resultado por 100,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y que el DLE define &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9anORqL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cociente&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resultado que se obtiene al dividir una cantidad por otra, y que expresa cuántas veces está contenido el divisor en el dividendo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9e8d8Dc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coeficiente&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Factor constante que multiplica una expresión, situado generalmente a su izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y que tanto la entrada del DLE como la del DPD de &quot;coeficiente intelectual&quot; remiten a la de &quot;cociente intelectual&quot;, yo creo que está meridianamente claro que lo ortodoxo es &lt;strong&gt;cociente&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, como comentas, otra cosa es que el (mal) uso haya hecho que se de por válida &quot;&lt;strong&gt;coeficiente intelectual&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T13:14:37.827" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T13:14:37.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24490" CreationDate="2018-03-14T14:07:29.770" Score="1" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn and include direct and indirect object pronouns. The line below I don't understand why there is a &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; in the sentence at all. I don't think (and guessing incorrectly) there is an indirect object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo prefiero que no le digas nada a nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its possible I have the translation wrong,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I prefer that you don't say anything to anyone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also not sure what is the direct object in this sentence. The &lt;em&gt;prefiero&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;digas&lt;/em&gt; are confusing me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T14:28:17.227" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T15:12:33.503" Title="Determining the indirect object and why 'le' is used in &quot;prefiero que no le digas nada a nadie&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24486" CreationDate="2018-03-14T15:11:48.410" Score="5" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/ccaa/2018/03/13/madrid/1520961608_098515.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; de El País:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Omar se ha acostumbrado a vivir escondido. Su vida se consume en penumbra, como la vela que enciende cada noche en la estancia en la que vive: una &lt;strong&gt;salida de emergencias&lt;/strong&gt; del entramado de túneles para el tráfico rodado que atraviesa en varios niveles el subsuelo del complejo de viviendas, bares, oficinas y grandes superficies de Azca, el conocido como distrito financiero de Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EiX5X40#Cn24MWE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de emergencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. Que se lleva a cabo o sirve para salir de una situación de apuro o peligro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de ahí, &quot;salida de emergencia&quot;. Pero esto de &quot;salida de emergencia&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es la primera vez que lo veo. ¿Es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T13:39:57.230" Title="¿Es válido &quot;salida de emergencias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24478" CreationDate="2018-03-14T15:50:20.857" Score="4" ViewCount="628" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un momento he escrito una pregunta en la cual, al ir a hacer una elipsis de la parte final de un texto, me ha surgido la duda de qué hacer con el punto final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como estoy inspirado, en vez de usar el texto de la pregunta original, voy a poner otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al sur, gris plomizo. Al norte, un cada vez más tímido azul. La batalla de los colores en el cielo no era en absoluto reflejo de la monumental monotonía que Luis experimentaba a ras de tierra, aburrido en un mar de naves industriales salpicado aquí y allá por espejos con forma de edificio de ocho plantas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto es, para mí, relativamente largo para lo que considero una pregunta eficaz. Supongamos que lo quiero acortar así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La batalla de los colores en el cielo no era en absoluto reflejo de la monumental monotonía que Luis sufría a ras de tierra, aburrido en un mar de naves industriales (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí mi duda: ¿es eso correcto? ¿O es necesario poner el punto final tras el último paréntesis, así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La batalla de los colores en el cielo no era en absoluto reflejo de la monumental monotonía que Luis sufría a ras de tierra, aburrido en un mar de naves industriales (...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reconozco que me puede estar influenciando el hecho de que &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; se pone punto final tras los puntos suspensivos normales...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T17:00:44.280" Title="¿Se escribe punto tras los paréntesis de una elipsis que no lleva nada detrás?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24477" CreationDate="2018-03-14T16:32:15.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=PxrAnmVfND6FK0uGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; se habla sobre el punto combinado con paréntesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El punto se escribirá siempre detrás de las comillas, los paréntesis y&#xA;  las rayas de cierre: &lt;em&gt;Dijo: «Tú y yo hemos terminado». Tras estas&#xA;  palabras se marchó, dando un portazo. (Creo que estaba muy enfadada).&#xA;  En la calle la esperaba Emilio —un buen amigo—. Este, al verla llegar,&#xA;  sonrió.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Como nada dice lo contrario y la elipsis usando «(...)» no es un signo en sí mismo sino una combinación de paréntesis y puntos suspensivos entiendo que debe ponerse punto si está al final de una frase.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=huolRkTizFjkCwPU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)&lt;/a&gt; se trata el tema más específicamente hablando de puntos suspensivos entre paréntesis o corchetes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El resultado de la intervención no debe alterar la puntuación original&#xA;  del texto, ya que la cita ha de tener continuidad lógica, gramatical y&#xA;  ortográfica. Por tanto, cuando la marca de supresión coincida con&#xA;  signos de puntuación, se conservarán los necesarios para que el&#xA;  fragmento resultante siga siendo correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de unos ejemplos también dice que no es necesario poner la elipsis al principio o al final y si se hace se usan puntos suspensivos sin paréntesis ni corchetes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No es necesario marcar la supresión de texto al comienzo o al  final.&#xA;  No obstante, si se quiere dejar claro que la reproducción de  una cita&#xA;  textual no se hace desde el principio mismo del enunciado, es&#xA;  posible escribir puntos suspensivos al inicio de la cita, sin &#xA;  paréntesis ni corchetes, dejando un blanco de separación respecto de&#xA;  la palabra a la que preceden: (...) Asimismo, cuando la reproducción de la cita queda incompleta por su parte final, es posible escribir puntos suspensivos, sin paréntesis ni corchetes y sin blanco de separación con respecto al texto que antecede, para indicar que el enunciado continúa más&#xA;  allá de la última palabra reproducida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T17:00:44.280" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T17:00:44.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24459" CreationDate="2018-03-14T17:20:36.213" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, las acepciones deben ser autosuficientes. Les pasé tu duda a través de Twitter y me respondieron &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/973917738069643266&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En efecto, las acepciones deben ser autosuficientes. El caso que usted señala es un error que subsanaremos lo antes posible. Gracias por su observación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ya sabes, si en la próxima edición del diccionario aparece corregida la definición de &lt;em&gt;solfa&lt;/em&gt;, ya podrás considerarte parte del DLE. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a si hay alguna palabra más con definiciones que no sean autosuficientes, busqué a través del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dirae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DIRAE&lt;/a&gt; mediante palabras clave como &quot;combinación&quot; o &quot;cualquiera&quot; pero no encontré nada relevante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T10:47:42.877" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T10:47:42.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24472" CreationDate="2018-03-14T20:38:08.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré un &lt;a href=&quot;http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1926-01773-001&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Title: Methods of expressing results of measurements of intelligence: Coefficient of intelligence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstract: Discusses the efficacy of several modes of expressing intellectual status. Coefficients of intelligence of 2414 Ss of normal and special groups established coefficients as the most valuable mode of expressing intellectual status. Recommends that physiological age and norms appropriate thereto should be used instead of chronological age and norms based on the same. Frequency or rank is practically significant and should be stated. 'Mental-age' and age-difference are unsatisfactory statements of intellectual status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión: &amp;quot;coeficiente&amp;quot; es válido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T20:38:08.580" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24316" CreationDate="2018-03-14T22:29:22.020" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X8igOB7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salvavidas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cuba y Ur. Pliegue de gordura que se forma en alguna parte del cuerpo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X8hlaDs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salvavida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cuba. salvavidas (‖ pliegue de gordura).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T22:29:22.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24482" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-15T01:41:17.873" Score="2" ViewCount="3499" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it like the 'j' in English 'jet' or what? Which is the official sound: the English 'y' or the 'j' sound? How is it? I'm told the letter Y is pronounced in Spain as the J in 'jet' in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19008" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T06:55:13.097" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T14:20:47.300" Title="How do I permanently pronounce the letter 'y' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-03-15T17:23:27.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24470" CreationDate="2018-03-15T02:53:51.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;43 Chars&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Brisa, ganaré!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sigo la luz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mi ser ora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iré al mañana ¿mate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si la brisa y el ¿mate? (con interrogante para indicar que es posible que sea negro) sean válidos, en tal caso toca cambiarlos por ráfaga y opaco... si es que aplican para la traducción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T02:10:04.243" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-15T02:53:51.227" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-15T06:13:59.407" Score="7" ViewCount="11359" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JN4MHke&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;sudar la gota gorda&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Sudar mucho, pasar calor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Esforzarse mucho, trabajar con fatiga o desvelo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que  &quot;la gota gorda&quot; es un potenciador de sudar, pero ¿por qué precisamente &lt;strong&gt;&quot;gota gorda&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastEditorUserId="18907" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T19:20:16.583" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T19:20:16.583" Title="¿Por qué se dice &quot;sudar la gota gorda&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21335" CreationDate="2018-03-15T08:55:26.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar más alternativas, voy a exponer aquí el contenido de las fichas del Fichero General de la RAE que hablan sobre el tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cenutrio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (De &lt;em&gt;caenum, -i&lt;/em&gt;, cieno, lodo. En Plauto y Cicerón, inmundicia [término injurioso].) m. fig. Hombre despreciable, salido del fango.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cenutrio&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; (Influido por &lt;em&gt;cenurosis&lt;/em&gt;, en Veterinaria infección por el &quot;&lt;em&gt;caenurus&lt;/em&gt; cerebralis&quot; de las reses lanares y vacunas.) m. fig. Hombre lerdo, tosco, zafio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1974 SERNA,J.S.Dicc.manchego&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que pasa con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21337/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta anterior&lt;/a&gt;, ignoro la validez de estas afirmaciones. No hay muchos más datos porque el término parece reciente. La primera aparición en diccionarios es de finales del siglo XX. De hecho en el CORDE no hay casos y en el CREA el primero es de 1981:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gorderas, con una sonrisita de cenutrio, va y le pregunta que si está segura de que no tiene gas en su casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Pérez Merinero, &quot;Días de guardar&quot;, 1981 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Ngram &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=cenutrio&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ccenutrio%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el primer caso&lt;/a&gt; es de 1975:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Ese. Un cenutrio sin pizca de cerebro.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Carantoña Alvarez, &quot;La libertad de los tejones&quot;, 1975 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la hemeroteca de la BNE no hay tampoco ningún caso. Es lo malo de los términos de reciente cuño, que es más difícil seguirles el rastro por la velocidad con que se crea la información. En todo caso, sabemos que en 1974 ya estaba documentada (el &lt;em&gt;Inventario General de Insultos&lt;/em&gt; es de 1995).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, una de las fichas me pone sobre la pista de una palabra relacionada: &lt;em&gt;cenorio&lt;/em&gt;. Esta no aparece en el diccionario pero sí en otra ficha que afirma que es un &quot;sobrenombre que se aplica a la persona muy *abulto o ignorante&quot;. Y me redirige a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0N7s1Kh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acenoria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que es una forma rural poco usada de &lt;em&gt;zanahoria&lt;/em&gt; (corrupción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4dpcdcR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azanoria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y esta corrupción aragonesa de &lt;em&gt;zanahoria&lt;/em&gt;). Por lo tanto esto le da al término un posible origen rural relacionado con las verduras, como puedan ser &lt;em&gt;lechuguino&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ceporro&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;cepa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, llamar a alguien &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cKSv2BC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zanahoria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en algunos países de América implicaría llamarle &quot;persona tonta y simplona&quot;. En mi opinión este posible origen proveniente de &lt;em&gt;zanahoria&lt;/em&gt; me resulta más plausible que el de &quot;influido por &lt;em&gt;cenurosis&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;zanahoria &amp;gt;&amp;gt; azanoria &amp;gt;&amp;gt; acenoria &amp;gt;&amp;gt; cenorio &amp;gt;&amp;gt; cenotrio &amp;gt;&amp;gt; cenutrio&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problema: no veo casos ni de &quot;cenotrio&quot; ni de &quot;cenorio&quot; ni en el CORDE ni en Ngram. Así que o bien me equivoco o bien las versiones previas no se popularizaron y no quedaron en textos escritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T11:02:52.067" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T11:02:52.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24476" CreationDate="2018-03-15T12:55:14.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas en Google los términos exactos de búsqueda, obtenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Salida de emergencia&quot;: 12,3 millones de resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Salida de emergencias&quot;: 1,69 millones de resultados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, se da mucho más la versión &quot;de emergencia&quot;, pero eso no quita para que su versión en plural sea difícil de ver, dado que hay más de millón y medio de casos en Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si en este caso la RAE se ha limitado a recoger la versión más usada, o si es la más usada porque la RAE la recoge. En otros casos ha prevalecido la versión en plural: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TIvEXgq#38EWqGp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plan de estudios&lt;/a&gt;&quot; frente a &quot;plan de estudio&quot;. También tienes &quot;plan de inversiones&quot; y no &quot;de inversión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto que el concepto de &lt;em&gt;emergencia&lt;/em&gt; (y no las emergencias particulares) es lo que se ha tenido en cuenta en expresiones como &quot;salida de emergencia&quot;, &quot;aterrizaje de emergencia&quot; o &quot;situación de emergencia&quot;. Se puede entender como &quot;salida [en caso] de emergencia&quot;, pero también podrías decir &quot;de emergencias&quot;, como en &quot;salida para [cuando hay] emergencias&quot;. A fin de cuentas, la acepción 25 de &quot;de&quot; es &quot;para&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que no lo veo mal. El caso de &quot;salida de emergencia&quot; es un sustantivo con una locución adjetival, y &quot;salida de emergencias&quot; son dos sustantivos unidos con una preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T12:55:14.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24476" CreationDate="2018-03-15T13:29:31.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Salida de emergencias&quot; me suena como si existiera una puerta para que por ahí salgan &lt;em&gt;las emergencias&lt;/em&gt; (no la gente) similar a los anuncios de &quot;Salida de ambulancias/camiones/ganado&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las edificaciones la gente dispone de salidas en condición de normalidad y una o varias salidas en caso de emergencia (en singular).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así la acepción 25 de &quot;de&quot; sea &quot;para&quot; la frase debería ser &lt;strong&gt;Salida para casos de emergencia&lt;/strong&gt; (otra vez en singular) y si se quiere hacer la elipsis para que el cartelito sobre la puerta no tenga que ser muy grande se puede dejar en &lt;strong&gt;Salida para &lt;strike&gt;c̶a̶s̶o̶s̶ ̶d̶e̶&lt;/strike&gt; emergencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es otro caso en el que el uso común nos hace parecer que es correcto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T13:39:57.230" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T13:39:57.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24482" CreationDate="2018-03-15T13:47:23.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is: there is no single pronunciation for the letter y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The longer one is, it varies regionally and by context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be pronounced like a softer version of the &quot;j&quot; sound in &quot;jet&quot; in words like yegua, yoyo, and like the i sound in &quot;bin&quot; in words like hoy, maya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in some regions of South America (mainly Argentina), it is pronounced like a mixture of &quot;j&quot; and &quot;sh&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7094" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T13:47:23.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24482" CreationDate="2018-03-15T14:20:47.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In European Spanish the letter &quot;y&quot; is not pronounced like the english letter &quot;j&quot; , although with some Latin American accents it sounds more like the French pronunciation of &quot;j&quot; in &quot;je suis&quot;. From my experience Spanish speakers from Spain find it very difficult to pronounce the &quot;j&quot; sound in the way English speakers do when saying jet, jeans or bridge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;y&quot; sound is made as if you were pronouncing it in English (eg. in the word yurt), but you start with your tongue flat against the roof of your mouth, a little behind your front teeth. Try saying &quot;and you&quot; quickly; the &quot;dyuh&quot; sound – with an almost silent &quot;d&quot; at the beginning – is what you're looking for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T14:20:47.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24475" CreationDate="2018-03-15T15:12:33.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (singular indirect object pronoun) has the same referent as &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt; (which is preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; because that's how you mark an indirect object). There's a rule that says that in this kind of sentence the indirect object must be present as an unstressed pronoun, even if it's already there in full form (as a stressed pronoun or a noun phrase preceded by &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct object is &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;, as you can see if you try removing the indirect one (&lt;em&gt;prefiero que no digas nada&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'd rather you said nothing&quot;). As with English &lt;em&gt;say&lt;/em&gt;, Spanish &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; can act as a transitive or a ditransitive verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you can also leave the indirect object implicit if the context is clear, which you can't do with English &lt;em&gt;say&lt;/em&gt; (the meaning then changes to that of &lt;em&gt;tell&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefiero que no le digas a nadie.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'd rather you didn't tell anyone.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T15:12:33.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24493" CreationDate="2018-03-15T16:29:49.560" Score="7" ViewCount="1610" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE aparece &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RLz2iBZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oveja negra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona que, en una familia o colectividad poco numerosa, difiere desfavorablemente de las demás.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando el origen de la expresión he encontrado dos explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una, recogida en muchos sitios de internet (por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.definicionabc.com/social/oveja-negra.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://uvejuegos.com/foro-aportacion/De-donde-vendran-o-por-que-se-diran-ciertas-expresiones/1598015/1#1598015&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.buzzfeed.com/beatrizserranomolina/pintar-la-mona?utm_term=.hkYR6V7wV#.nrO5mob9o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;) indica que&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;las ovejas negras no eran demasiado queridas en ningún rebaño, para el criador tener una oveja negra representaba una pérdida económica ya que su lana no estaba igual de cotizada en el mercado. Además, en Inglaterra en los siglos XVIII y XIX, el color negro de las ovejas era visto como una marca del diablo.&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;otra, en el &quot;Inventario general de insultos&quot; de Celdrán Gomariz (1995):  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de este sintagma adjetivo parte de la confusión entre la palabra originaria, &quot;arveja&quot;, y la hembra del carnero. La proximidad fonética entre los sonidos iniciales del término condujo a la errónea interpretación de un vocablo por otro, sobre todo cuando el término &quot;arveja&quot; empezó a caer&#xA;  en desuso, asimilándose en la mente del hablante con el de &quot;oveja&quot;, más conocido y cercano a la experiencia rural. La arveja es voz que designa tanto al guisante como a la almorta. Ser la &quot;almorta o arveja&quot; negra es tanto como ser el garbanzo negro. Todo ello circunscrito semánticamente a las prácticas&#xA;  seguidas para decidir o votar premios y castigos, en cabildos y conventos. A fin de calificar a alguien, tanto moral como académicamente, los individuos con derecho a voto introducían en una bolsa negra un garbanzo, o una arveja; si la resolución era positiva, hacia el premio o hacia el &quot;sí&quot;, la legumbre en&#xA;  cuestión era de color blanco; si se consideraba negativamente el asunto o persona, se introducía la arveja o garbanzo negro. Ser la arveja negra era tanto como distinguirse desfavorablemente. Hasta el siglo XVII se siguió en conventos, cabildos y congregaciones la costumbre de introducir en un tazón un haba, garbanzo o arveja negra entre el resto, que eran blancas. Quien sacaba la negra, pechaba, pagaba o se hacía cargo de la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de las dos es la correcta? ¿Hay alguna otra explicación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18936" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T19:11:10.187" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;oveja negra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-15T18:59:59.520" Score="10" ViewCount="3169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se escucha en muchas partes de Venezuela la siguiente expresión: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hiciste &lt;strong&gt;botar la piedra&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de dicha expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lachuleta.net/dic/components/com_diccionario/index.php?a=print&amp;amp;d=19&amp;amp;t=72&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;fuente&quot;&gt;lachuleta.net&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;expresión usada para referirse al momento en que uno pierde la paciencia y se enfada o molesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese es su significado, pero, ¿su origen cuál es?, ¿de dónde proviene?, y ¿por qué se emplea de esta manera para expresar esta acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T09:57:06.497" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T01:24:06.070" Title="¿De dónde proviene la expresión &quot;botar la piedra&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24491" CreationDate="2018-03-15T19:11:10.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La historia de la arveja podría sonar plausible, pero fíjate el texto que acabo de encontrar en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E dixo la oveja blanca: - &quot;Catad que pellejo trayo yo. Aquesto sinifica linpieza e honestidad que he de parte de dentro. E por esto valgo mas que ninguno de vos&quot;. Dixo la oveja negra: - &quot;Yo so de fuera negra, menos preçiada; mas de dentro so fermosa. E aca en el mundo soy negra, e por esto menos preçio el mundo e lo tengo por suzio&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro de los gatos&quot;, c1400 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que estamos hablando de un texto, el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_de_los_gatos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Libro de los gatos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, escrito alrededor del año 1400, y ya entonces se tiene el concepto de la oveja negra como la oveja menos preciada del rebaño. Y no solo eso, sino que el texto original, escrito en latín, es de la primera mitad del siglo XIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No aparecen casos en el CORDE de &quot;arveja negra&quot;. Sí que se encuentran expresiones ya por los siglos XIII y XIV de &quot;no valer una arveja&quot;, en el mismo sentido que hoy día decimos &quot;esto no vale un pimiento&quot;. Mas nada parecido a la historia de la arveja negra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, creo que aquí deberíamos fiarnos un poco de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navaja_de_Ockham&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;navaja de Ockham&lt;/a&gt; y dar la explicación más sencilla como la más probable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T19:11:10.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24484" CreationDate="2018-03-15T19:51:56.313" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión no tiene mucho misterio, pero es interesante conocer su origen. Al igual que cuando llueve no es lo mismo una lluvia fina que una lluvia con goterones gordos (esta última suele ser de mayor intensidad), con el sudor se tiene la misma imagen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando una persona suda le empiezan a aparecer gotas de sudor, visibles sobre todo en la zona de la frente. Al igual que con la lluvia, se saca la imagen de que cuanto mayor es el tamaño de la gota, mayor es el esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio la expresión se usaba como una comparación, y por eso en el diccionario de la RAE de 1803, la primera edición que recoge la expresión, aparece como &quot;sudar la gota tan gorda&quot;. Se puede ver un ejemplo de lo que quiero decir en el siguiente texto (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A lo que he venido es que anoche el Renegado y Centopiés llevaron a mi casa una canasta de colar, algo mayor que la presente, llena de ropa blanca; y en Dios y en mi ánima que venía con su cernada y todo, que los pobretes no debieron de tener lugar de quitalla, y &lt;strong&gt;venían sudando la gota tan gorda que era una compasión verlos entrar jadeando y corriendo agua de sus rostros&lt;/strong&gt;, que parecían unos angelicos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;Rinconete y Cortadillo [Novelas ejemplares]&quot;, 1613 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un par de casos más antiguos, del siglo XVI, como el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si estar en la plaza ociosos en negocio tan reprehensible, ¿qué será estar en la viña? Quid hic statis? ¿Aquí, que es lugar de trabajar? ¿Aquí, donde están los buenos trabajadores echando el bofe y &lt;strong&gt;sudando la gota tan gorda por ir adelante&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Aquí estáis vosotros ociosos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Alonso de Cabrera, &quot;De las consideraciones sobre todos los evangelios de la Cuaresma&quot;, a1598 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el tiempo, la expresión prescindió del &quot;tan&quot; y se quedó en &quot;sudar la gota gorda&quot;. La expresión siguió como &quot;sudar la gota tan gorda&quot; en el diccionario hasta 1852, donde ya se recoge tanto como &quot;la gota tan gorda&quot; como &quot;la gota gorda&quot;. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX se recogían &quot;la gota gorda&quot;, &quot;tan gorda&quot; y &quot;tan gorda como el puño&quot;. Finalmente, desde la edición de 2001 se recoge únicamente &quot;la gota gorda&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer caso de &quot;gota gorda&quot; aparece en el CORDE por parte de otro gran escritor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salía de su casa una buscona piramidal, &lt;strong&gt;habiendo hecho sudar la gota gorda a su portada&lt;/strong&gt; dando paso a un inmenso contorno de faldas y tan abultada, que pudiera ir por debajo rellena de ganapanes como la tarasca: arrempujaba con el ruedo las dos aceras de una plazuela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;La hora de todos y la Fortuna con seso&quot;, 1635 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue un visionario, porque no aparecen más casos de &quot;gota gorda&quot; en el CORDE hasta el siglo XIX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-15T19:59:59.280" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T19:59:59.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24495" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24498" CreationDate="2018-03-15T22:00:12.637" Score="3" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can all reflexive verbs be used as reciprocal verbs and vice versa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to think of a sentence involving &lt;code&gt;each other&lt;/code&gt; I can always reconstruct it using &lt;code&gt;myself&lt;/code&gt; even if it isn't very logical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We got married to &lt;strong&gt;each other&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will marry &lt;strong&gt;myself&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to reflexive verbs and reciprocal verbs, I find that context doesn't help. Should I always use phrases like &lt;code&gt;uno al otro&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;sí mismo&lt;/code&gt; or should I get used to them not being used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T10:27:02.593" Title="Can all reflexive verbs be used as reciprocal verbs?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24499" CreationDate="2018-03-15T23:55:00.727" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;When should i use each of the following to mean each other / one another? Are any of these interchangeable? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;uno al otro&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;uno a otro&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;el uno del otro&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mutuamente&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;recíprocamente&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;entre sí&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T01:34:25.740" Title="When should i use each of the following to mean each other / one another when dealing with reciprocal verbs? Are any of these interchangeable?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24495" CreationDate="2018-03-16T01:08:37.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about this one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YfmGwPw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suicidarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. Quitarse voluntariamente la vida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess this is an example of a reflexive that can't be reciprocal, so this would be a counterexample for the &amp;quot;all reflexive verbs can be reciprocal&amp;quot; statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the &amp;quot;all reciprocal verbs can be reflexive&amp;quot;, I guess that if I can do it to others I should be able to do it to myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, as you say in the question, you can always treat a reciprocal like a reflexive and viceversa if you don't really care about the meaning (Me caso conmigo mismo. Te suicido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the answer to your questions could be a &amp;quot;probably yes, but as with every rule there's always a few exceptions&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T09:54:40.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24497" CreationDate="2018-03-16T01:34:25.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(1) and (2) differ from 3 in that they require a verb that takes the preposition &quot;a&quot;, while (3) requires a verb followed by the preposition &quot;de&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In turn, (1) and (3) differ from (2) in that the definite article (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; otro, de&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; otro&lt;/em&gt;) points to the singularity of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; other&quot;, while the absence of the article leads us to understand &quot;otro&quot; as &quot;another (within a larger group)&quot; in (2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los mellizos se miraban fijo &lt;strong&gt;(el) uno al otro&lt;/strong&gt;. (The twins stared at each other.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los empleados se miraban &lt;strong&gt;uno a otro&lt;/strong&gt; sin saber qué hacer. (The employees -- more than two -- looked at one another without knowing what to do.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los mellizos se reían &lt;strong&gt;(el) uno del otro&lt;/strong&gt;. (The twins laughed at each other.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While we say &lt;em&gt;mirar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, we say &lt;em&gt;reírse &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;recíprocamente&quot; and &quot;mutuamente&quot; suggest a one-to-one relationship, but the former sounds very formal and is mostly restricted to scientific statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, &quot;entre sí&quot; can refer to two or more than two. Curiously, the preposition &quot;entre&quot; renders other prepositions unnecessary. Thus, while we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hablaban uno &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hablaban entre sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T01:34:25.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24500" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-16T02:01:52.453" Score="6" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;h3&gt;My question in English:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What were the uses of the now obsolete/rare second person affirmative imperative of &quot;haber&quot; (hé)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came upon the word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hé&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in a book (an older edition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=o45FDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=barron%27s+501+spanish+verbs&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi7yPu-0e_ZAhVYyYMKHS0XA_UQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=barron&amp;#39;s%20501%20spanish%20verbs&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Barron's 501 Spanish Verbs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) and got to wondering how that is translated into English.  I was also curious about when it became obsolete when I decided to run it through Google's Ngram.  As you can see from the image below, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G3VSI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G3VSI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usage hasn't completely died out, so though I have yet to encounter it, I suppose I might at some point.  I took a look at some of the links to the Google book hits and ran them through a Chrome translation, but it appears that the Chrome translator doesn't know how to translate it into English either.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%A9#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has an entry for &quot;hé,&quot; but no translation of it.  I've also checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/french-english/h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but none of them appear to be translating &quot;hé&quot; (at least not in the archaic sense of the word).  The dictionary of the Real Academia Española (RAE) only gives me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La palabra hé no está registrada en el Diccionario.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone knows the answer to this, can you also add some contextual examples?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you happen to know when the RAE eliminated it and why, even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Mi pregunta en español:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito saber cual es la traducción inglesa de la palabra en desuso, afirmativo imperativo para segunda persona de &quot;haber&quot; (hé) por lo que me pregunto ¿cómo se usó esta palabra en el español antiguo? ¿Cuándo se volvió obsoleta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me encontré con la palabra “hé” en un libro (una edición más vieja de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=o45FDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=barron%27s+501+spanish+verbs&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi7yPu-0e_ZAhVYyYMKHS0XA_UQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=barron&amp;#39;s%20501%20spanish%20verbs&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Barron's 501 Spanish Verbs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) y me puse a pensar cómo se traduce al inglés.  También tenía curiosidad en relación a cuando se hizo obsoleta entonces decidí pasarla por el Ngram de Google.  Como pueden ver en la imagen debajo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso no está completamente extinguido.  Entonces, aunque todavía tengo que encontrarla, supongo que lo haré en algún momento.  Eché un vistazo a algunos de los enlaces de los resultados de la búsqueda de los Libros de Google e incluso los pasé por el traductor de Chrome, pero parece que ese traductor no sabe cómo traducir esta palabra tampoco.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%A9#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene una entrada para “hé”, pero no traducción.  También he averiguado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/french-english/h%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero ningunos parecen ser traduciendo “hé” (al menos no en un sentido arcaico de la palabra).  El diccionario de la Real Academia Española (RAE) sólo da esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;La palabra hé no está registrada en el Diccionario.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien saben la respuesta a ésta, ¿puedes también añadir algunos ejemplos contextuales del uso de **hé*? Además si saben cuando la RAE la eliminó y por qué, aún mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T20:09:43.843" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T20:09:43.843" Title="What were the uses of the now obsolete/rare second person affirmative imperative of &quot;haber&quot; (hé)?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="17" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24509" CreationDate="2018-03-16T02:25:11.123" Score="5" ViewCount="5081" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me surge la duda sobre cómo se llama la parte verde que une los tomates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aoBmQm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aoBmQm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado me viene a la cabeza &amp;quot;sarmiento&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XJj4TUo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sarmiento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vástago de la vid, largo, delgado, flexible y nudoso, de donde brotan las hojas, las tijeretas y los racimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que de paso enlaza a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zk1AQoy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tijereta&lt;/a&gt;, y de ahí a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cP1vXol%7CcP6or0l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zarcillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada uno de los órganos largos, delgados y volubles que tienen ciertas plantas y que sirven a estas para asirse a tallos u otros objetos próximos, y que pueden ser de naturaleza caulinar, como en la vid, o foliácea, como en la calabacera y en el guisante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es simplemente un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z0soxHp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tallo&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Órgano de las plantas que se prolonga en sentido contrario al de la raíz y sirve de sustentáculo a las hojas, flores y frutos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si la definición de &amp;quot;sarmiento&amp;quot; aplica, ya que esto no es una vid y no nos referimos a los tomates por &amp;quot;racimos&amp;quot; (¿o sí?). Zarcillo parece aplicar, pero no sé si se refiere a apéndices adicionales (es decir, tallitos más pequeños y delgados que el principal y que tienen la finalidad [solo] de asirse a otras cosas, no de mantener juntas o conectar parte de la planta [que es lo que haría un tallo principal]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama a esa parte verde que une los tomates unos con otros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-16T04:42:55.927" Title="¿Cómo se llama la parte verde que une los tomates?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24500" CreationDate="2018-03-16T07:19:43.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comenta @guifa, la forma &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; no es más que la forma &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; pero con tilde. Su uso con tilde puede venir influenciada por aquellos monosílabos que sí la tienen, pero por motivos concretos. Por regla general, los monosílabos no tienen tilde salvo que puedan servir para dos cosas distintas (ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dé&lt;/em&gt;). Aprenderse cuáles son los monosílabos con tilde puede ser complicado, y así hoy día podemos ver muchos casos de personas que escriben &lt;em&gt;pié&lt;/em&gt; con tilde cuando no debería llevarla, por citar un ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Revisando la primera gramática de 1771 vemos que por entonces ya se especificaba que el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; en dicha conjugación (primera persona singular de indicativo) iba sin tilde. Su uso como imperativo es, actualmente y &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=QnOAsszgaRqBfChf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, un arcaismo que se ha &quot;fosilizado en la fórmula presentativa &lt;em&gt;he aquí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;henos ahora&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hete aquí&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, vámonos al CORDE y veamos ejemplos de frases con &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt;, a ver si podemos encontrar alguna cuyo significado sea diferente al esperado. Lo curioso es que se pueden encontrar casos, como afirmas, hasta en el siglo XX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero hé aquí que la Luna, al bañar el Río con sus destellos, divulga en la superficie todo el oro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomás Carrasquilla, &quot;Hace tiempos&quot;, 1935-1936 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso debería ser &lt;em&gt;he aquí&lt;/em&gt; (la fórmula arcaica que sí usa &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; como imperativo). La mayoría de casos de &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; del siglo XX tienen la forma &quot;hé aquí&quot; o &quot;hé ahí&quot;, lo cual se puede justificar pensando que la gente podría considerar que no es un uso habitual de &quot;he&quot; y por tanto lo marca con tilde, mas no es así. Los ejemplos que se encuentran en el siglo XIX (mucho más numerosos) son prácticamente todos de &quot;hé aquí&quot; o &quot;hé ahí&quot;, expresión que como se ve se usaba más por entonces, y es lo que hace que en NGram aparezca un repunte de &quot;hé&quot; hacia 1860.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigamos hacia atrás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En tres ócaciones hé remitido señor dos recivos uno de quatro tercios de sal, y un cajon de cuchillos á favor de ésta Mision [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Otra carta del cura de San Martín dirigida al gobernador [Documentos lingüísticos de Bolivia]&quot;, 1769 (Bolivia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVIII se encuentran pocos casos, y son casi todos en su forma &quot;hé&quot; + participio. Es decir, que igualmente se deberían haber escrito como &quot;he&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVII la cosa es un poco más diversa. Hay casos de &quot;hé aquí&quot;, &quot;hé&quot; + participio, y algunos curiosos como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El de las siete rosas, qué se à hecho? corrió, ó padeció aduersa fortuna? hé, hé, hé, cogieronle en la red, y con esso está concluso su pleito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Jacinto de la Serna, &quot;Tratado de las supersticiones, idolatrías, hechicerías, ritos y otras costumbres gentílicas de las razas aborígenes de México&quot;, 1656 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juraría que en este caso se trata de la onomatopeya de la risa, que hoy escribimos como &quot;je je&quot;. Otros casos son tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las abusiones y agüeros destos indios eran tantos, que no fácilmente se puede hacer memoria de todos; contentarme hé con referir en este capítulo los más ordinarios y generales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bernabé Cobo, &quot;Historia del Nuevo Mundo&quot;, 1653 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, &quot;contentarme hé&quot; equivale a &quot;he de contentarme&quot;. Tal vez al escribir así la construcción, que en otros textos se puede encontrar contraída (tal que así: &quot;contentarm'hé&quot;), la pronunciación de seguido hace pensar que la palabra va toda junta, y al ser aguda llevaría tilde. Pero sigue siendo &quot;he&quot; tal y como lo conocemos hoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacia el siglo XVI no hay novedad, los casos siguen siendo como los ya comentados, aunque empiezan a aparecer casos en los que equivale a &quot;tengo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... yo setenta años tengo, no hé memoria haverme contradicho voto que una vez diese á mi mismo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Cortes de Toledo 1538&quot;, 1538-1539 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya más hacia atrás abunda más este último uso, aunque se siguen encontrando casos de los anteriores mencionados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalizando ya, habiendo expuesto los usos de &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; a lo largo de la historia, queda en tus manos sacar conclusiones acerca de cuál sería la traducción correcta al inglés de la palabra, imagino que ya acorde a cuál es el sentido de la frase en la que se emplee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T08:36:58.513" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T08:36:58.513" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24504" CreationDate="2018-03-16T07:20:27.337" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One cannot see himself/herself in the dark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When only the reflexive se is being used. the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;no se puede ver en la oscuridad&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;he/she cannot see himself/herself in the dark&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When only the impersonal se is being used, the sentence,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;no se puede ver en la oscuridad&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;one cannot see in the dark.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I don't understand how to construct sentences when both the reflexive pronoun and the impersonal se is required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;likewise, I would translate sentences 2 and 3 in a similar manner which isn't the desired construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One should be happy with himself/herself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One should judge himself/herself before judging others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="18996" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T08:13:13.473" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T08:13:13.473" Title="How would I translate the following into Spanish that seem the require an impersonal &quot;se&quot; and the reflexive pronoun &quot;se&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24503" CreationDate="2018-03-16T07:31:02.277" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In such cases, the impersonal &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is impossible, and &lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;/strong&gt; is needed. The addition of &lt;strong&gt;a sí mismo&lt;/strong&gt; (meaning oneself) is optional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno no se puede ver [a sí mismo] en la oscuridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno debe quererse [a sí mismo].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno debe juzgarse [a sí mismo] antes de juzgar a otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T07:43:30.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24500" CreationDate="2018-03-16T07:37:43.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you ask &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jv4Frsm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; to conjugate the verb &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;, it does list &lt;strong&gt;he&lt;/strong&gt; as a second person singular imperative, &lt;em&gt;besides&lt;/em&gt; being the first person singular indicative. So it seems to not be officially obsolete, although nobody ever actually uses it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since imperatives in English are the same words as the base verb, the corresponding English translation of the imperative would be simply &lt;strong&gt;have&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T07:37:43.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21784" CreationDate="2018-03-16T07:54:19.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suspicion about the usage of &lt;strong&gt;se le&lt;/strong&gt; instead of the more strictly correct &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; is to avoid confusion with other possible meanings: &lt;strong&gt;se lo&lt;/strong&gt; is also used in reflexive sentences (e.g. Tomó el sombrero y se lo puso en la cabeza) and in transitive sentences with both direct and indirect objects (e.g. Vi el sombrero que llevaba puesto y se lo quité). This latter case is more successfully dealt with in French (le lui).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T07:54:19.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26205" CreationDate="2018-03-16T08:21:26.980" Score="4" ViewCount="757" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24500/12637&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, di con el siguiente texto del siglo XVII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El de las siete rosas, qué se à hecho? corrió, ó padeció aduersa fortuna? hé, hé, hé, cogieronle en la red, y con esso está concluso su pleito.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Jacinto de la Serna, &quot;Tratado de las supersticiones, idolatrías, hechicerías, ritos y otras costumbres gentílicas de las razas aborígenes de México&quot;, 1656 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta que di cité este mismo texto y di por supuesto que era la onomatopeya de la risa tal y como se escribía en la época (y puede que el lugar). Sin embargo, no estoy del todo seguro, así que os pregunto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se correponde el uso de &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; en el texto con la onomatopeya de la risa? Si es así, ¿cómo ha evolucionado esta onomatopeya con el tiempo? ¿Se escribía &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; o de alguna otra forma? Si no es así, ¿a qué corresponde el uso de &lt;em&gt;hé&lt;/em&gt; en el texto citado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T12:40:38.650" LastActivityDate="2019-05-05T14:11:09.467" Title="¿Se corresponde un &quot;hé, hé, hé&quot; de 1656 con la onomatopeya de la risa? ¿Cómo ha evolucionado esta con el tiempo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24501" CreationDate="2018-03-16T15:35:48.220" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que une los tomates es una rama de la planta, que es una ramificación (perdónese la redundancia) del tallo principal. Hay cierta ambigüedad en los términos pero en el uso común se suele hablar de &lt;em&gt;tallo&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al tallo principal (el que crece hacia arriba desde la raíz, que en un árbol o arbusto leñoso se denomina &lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt;) y de &lt;em&gt;rama&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a los tallos secundarios que surgen del principal (generalmente hacia los lados y a partir de nudos). Este uso de &lt;em&gt;rama&lt;/em&gt; es el que aplica en el caso de los &quot;tomates en rama&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un sarmiento es término específico para una rama de la vid. Supongo que podría hacerse extensivo a otras plantas similares, pero no es formalmente correcto para el caso de la tomatera. Un zarcillo es una forma modificada de un tallo, una flor o un pecíolo (la estructura que une una rama con una hoja), es decir, no es un órgano claramente definido; es lo que usan las plantas trepadoras para enroscarse, usando un sistema de crecimiento diferenciado para &quot;girar&quot; en torno a lo que tocan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T15:35:48.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24510" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25849" CreationDate="2018-03-16T16:47:09.647" Score="1" ViewCount="874" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disculpen si el título de la pregunta no es lo que expreso en el cuerpo, por favor las sugerencias son válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy haciendo revisión de tesis de grado, hay diversos criterios, sobre todo si son tesis en inglés o en español, de si se deben escribir en forma impersonal o no, tengo esa duda pero no es lo que me apura ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda real es ¿cuáles son las formas impersonales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé, a lo mejor es un error, que si hablo con gerundios NO es una forma impersonal, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;estaba trabajando en, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la duda me salta con los participios, por ejemplo, en vez de decir &lt;em&gt;he trabajado&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;se ha trabajado&lt;/em&gt;, decir &lt;em&gt;se trabajó&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16718" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T05:44:13.683" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T11:22:16.523" Title="¿Cuáles son las formas impersonales?" Tags="&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;&lt;voz-activa&gt;&lt;lenguaje-académico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24510" CreationDate="2018-03-16T21:18:53.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si he entendido bien la pregunta pero creo que sé a lo que te refieres. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi tesis estaba relacionada con la informática. Cuando explicas algo lo puedes hacer de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instala el programa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Haz click en el menú &quot;Archivo&quot; y elige &quot;Nuevo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puedes hacerlo de forma impersonal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El programa debe ser instalado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al hacer click en el menú &quot;Archivo&quot; se debe elegir &quot;Nuevo&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda forma es más formal y apropriada para una tesis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18392" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T21:18:53.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25524" CreationDate="2018-03-16T22:12:22.777" Score="0" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;On SpanishDict this sentence is given as an example of &quot;mantener&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manténle la cabeza al bebé con la mano bajo el cuello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Support the baby's head with your hand under his neck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the exact purpose of 'le' as a suffix on 'mantén' here? It must be a IO pronoun but what does it refer to?  Is this a case of &quot;dativo posesivo&quot;?&#xA;Would &quot;Manténte&quot; give the same translation or would that indicate that the verb is &quot;mantenerse&quot; and have a different meaning? Finally, what would be the negation of this statement?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18642" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T17:52:19.187" LastActivityDate="2018-03-18T15:39:38.410" Title="Why is 'le' used as a suffix on 'mantén' in this example?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-03-19T05:33:03.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24121" CreationDate="2018-03-16T22:31:41.473" Score="5" Body="&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9mVck.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9mVck.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for the lack of differentiation in Spanish is that &lt;strong&gt;there was often a lack of differentiation in Latin&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mathēmaticus&lt;/em&gt; meaning both &lt;em&gt;mathematical&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mathematician&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;medicus&lt;/em&gt; meaning both &lt;em&gt;medical&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;physician&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these words, the English suffixed versions are either semi-learned latinisms (e.g. &lt;em&gt;mathematics&lt;/em&gt; +‎ &lt;em&gt;-al&lt;/em&gt;), or adaptions of the French (e.g. mathématicien &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;mathématique&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;-ien&lt;/em&gt;). So, the question might be more meaningfully posed, &lt;strong&gt;why did French/English a̲d̲d̲ this differentiation in such words?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, as you note, this lack of differentiation in Spanish/3-way differentiation in English is far from universal. Exceptions run in both directions in all sorts of flavours:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;topic / person / adj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...ic&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;En&lt;/code&gt; &lt;s&gt;anorexia&lt;/s&gt;, anorexic, anorexic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Es&lt;/code&gt; &lt;s&gt;anorexia&lt;/s&gt;, anoréxico, anoréxico &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;En&lt;/code&gt; electronics, electronic, [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Es&lt;/code&gt; electrónico, electrónico, [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adjective&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...al&quot;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;En&lt;/code&gt; diagonal, cerebral, additional&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Es&lt;/code&gt; diagonal, cerebral, adicional  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...ic&quot;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;algebraic, acrobatic, biographic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;algebraico, acrobático, biográfico    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...ian&quot;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;microbian, Gregorian, Euclidean&lt;br&gt;&#xA;microbiano, gregoriano, euclidiano  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;person&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;...ian&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;citizen, Hawaiian, Italian&lt;br&gt;&#xA;ciudadano, hawaiano, italiano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mismatches&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provincial, parroquial, mundane&lt;br&gt;&#xA;provinciano, parroquiano, mundial (mundano)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_con_el_sufijo_-ano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categoría:ES:Palabras_con_el_sufijo_-ano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_con_el_sufijo_-al&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categoría:ES:Palabras_con_el_sufijo_-al&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Spanish_words_suffixed_with_-ico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Spanish_words_suffixed_with_-ico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:26:42.127" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:26:42.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24501" CreationDate="2018-03-16T23:50:46.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tallo de una hoja, fruto o flor por el cual se une al tallo de la planta se llama &lt;strong&gt;pedúnculo&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SKHBrlj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedúnculo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Bot. Pezón de la hoja, flor o fruto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ped%C3%BAnculo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedúnculo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En botánica se llama pedúnculo (...) al rabillo que sostiene un capítulo o una inflorescencia unifloral y, posteriormente a su fecundación, su fruto. En dicho caso, es entonces una mera prolongación del tallo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T23:50:46.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24515" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25934" CreationDate="2018-03-17T01:17:50.203" Score="2" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisaba el término &lt;em&gt;Aedo&lt;/em&gt; y, queriendo citar las condiciones de alguien que lo fuera, encuentro que &lt;em&gt;aédico&lt;/em&gt; mas que a la poesía, hace referencia a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cierto mosquito&lt;/a&gt;. Igualmente busco un adjetivo para la palabra &lt;em&gt;Bardo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si de estas palabras en particular se desprenden adjetivos (quizá no tan fáciles de encontrar) que sirvan para describir, más allá de los 'simples' poético, lírico o épico (que son los primeros que vienen a la cabeza, tal vez por contar con su correspondiente sustantivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user14503" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T09:54:03.270" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T10:20:51.093" Title="¿Cuáles serian los adjetivos más adecuados para caracterizar de un aeda o un bardo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24518" CreationDate="2018-03-17T02:51:46.407" Score="3" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ran across this sentence in &lt;a href=&quot;http://politicaparami.com/2018/03/11/cual-es-el-plan-de-beto-orourke-para-ganar-el-voto-de-los-inmigrantes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a news article&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;O’Rourke y Cruz aseguraron sus nominaciones &lt;strong&gt;al ganar&lt;/strong&gt; las elecciones primarias de sus respectivos partidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that they used &lt;em&gt;&quot;al ganar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Is this a typo or is there really a grammatical feature that allows the placement of a definite article before a verb? If such a feature exists, I'd like to know how it works, preferably with a pointer to an external source to back up the explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18726" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T23:51:12.840" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T23:51:12.840" Title="Is &quot;al ganar&quot; really grammatical?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24516" CreationDate="2018-03-17T04:37:58.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definite article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; can be placed in front of a verb when it is being used as a noun.  For example, I can say just as well &lt;em&gt;comer con los amigos es divertido&lt;/em&gt; as I can &lt;em&gt;el comer con los amigos es divertido&lt;/em&gt;, although it's generally more common to just use the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;em&gt;al [infinitive]&lt;/em&gt; is a special construction, meaning &lt;em&gt;upon&lt;/em&gt;.  Thus in the sentence you provided, we can read it as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;O'Rourke and Cruz secured their nominations &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;upon&lt;/strong&gt; winning&lt;/em&gt; the primary elections…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T04:37:58.187" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21106" CreationDate="2018-03-17T09:16:59.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sugiero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPMBIVV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Las acepciones masculinas son todas despectivas, malsonantes y se usan como insulto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. malson. afeminado (‖ que se parece a las mujeres). U. m. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. malson. Dicho de un hombre: Apocado, falto de coraje, pusilánime o medroso. U. m. c. s. m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. malson. Dicho de un hombre: homosexual. U. m. c. s. m. U. t. c. insulto. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mientras que la acepción femenina no lo es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. urraca (‖ ave similar al cuervo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14503" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T09:16:59.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-17T10:42:32.620" Score="5" ViewCount="1669" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/animalculista/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ésta página&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado que &lt;strong&gt;animalculista&lt;/strong&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El vocablo animalculista es de uso obsoleto y que (en medicina) que hace referencia una persona que profesa o es un especialista del animalculismo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no he encontrado la definición de &lt;strong&gt;animalculismo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;animalculista&lt;/strong&gt; en el diccionario de la RAE o en Wikipedia.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/animalculismo/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt;, emparentada con la anterior, se define &lt;strong&gt;animalculismo&lt;/strong&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El termino animalculismo es de uso anticuado y que (en fisiología) nos refiere a un sistema disminuido que se puede suponer a los animales espermáticos que producen un embrión.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que no me parece nada claro. ¿Alguien puede arrojar alguna luz sobre el vocablo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14503" LastEditorDisplayName="user14503" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T11:08:13.170" LastActivityDate="2019-08-01T18:26:29.530" Title="¿Qué es el &quot;animalculismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24520" CreationDate="2018-03-17T13:39:02.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los animalculistas creían en los &lt;strong&gt;animálculos&lt;/strong&gt;. La Wikipedia en inglés da &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalcule&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;animalcule&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como un nombre primitivo para los microorganismos cuando apenas acababan de ser descubiertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T13:39:02.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25615" CreationDate="2018-03-17T15:57:14.913" Score="5" ViewCount="883" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does North Mexican Spanish sound &quot;angry&quot; to native speakers of Spanish from elsewhere, like the lady in this video suggests? (She's not a native speaker)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yd-LSkRdAzk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yd-LSkRdAzk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other regions of the Spanish-speaking world, where the local dialect is &quot;angry&quot; too? If not &quot;angry&quot;, is their accent perceived as low-class or uneducated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10861" LastEditorUserId="10861" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T02:08:04.697" LastActivityDate="2020-07-23T10:39:02.867" Title="Is North Mexican Spanish perceived by others as &quot;angry&quot; or uneducated?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2020-07-24T10:50:14.830" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25527" CreationDate="2018-03-17T17:56:12.547" Score="4" ViewCount="7363" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;habida cuenta&quot; en esta oración? Creo que es igual a &quot;dado&quot;, pero sólo por el contexto. Nunca he visto «haber» utilizado así.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comencé a caminar en dirección al salón con alguna dificultad, &lt;strong&gt;habida cuenta&lt;/strong&gt; de que no tocaba el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &lt;em&gt;habida cuenta&lt;/em&gt; mean in this sentence? I would translate it as &lt;em&gt;dado&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;given&quot;), but only based on the context. I've never seen &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; used like this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-17T22:51:01.040" LastActivityDate="2020-06-21T19:57:09.497" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;habida cuenta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24512" CreationDate="2018-03-17T18:28:08.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;-le&lt;/em&gt; suffix refers to the baby, and is used along with &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; to show that &lt;em&gt;la cabeza&lt;/em&gt; belongs to the baby. This is a very common way of indicating possession in Spanish, and is the same as saying &lt;em&gt;mantén la cabeza del bebé&lt;/em&gt;. If you were translating literally, you might say &lt;em&gt;To the baby, support the head...&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of this structure is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A él le han robado el coche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'They have stolen his car', or more literally: 'to him, they have stolen the car.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mantente la cabeza&lt;/em&gt; on the other hand, would suggest that you are supporting your own head, and would be analogous to &lt;em&gt;mantén tu cabeza&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The negation of the statement would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No le mantengas&lt;/em&gt; la cabeza al bebé con la mano bajo el cuello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="18126" LastEditDate="2018-03-18T15:39:38.410" LastActivityDate="2018-03-18T15:39:38.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24520" CreationDate="2018-03-17T19:23:26.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/11/24/ciencia/1480013258_596607.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El País&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hasta mediados del siglo XIX, muchos científicos creían en el &lt;strong&gt;animalculismo&lt;/strong&gt;, una teoría biológica que sostenía que &lt;strong&gt;el espermatozoide albergaba ya una persona preformada y diminuta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14503" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T19:23:26.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2018-03-17T19:57:08.930" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to comment @Lisa 's splendid answer but I don't have enough reputation. I just would like to add that in some parts in northern spain (seemingly León and Asturias) is not uncommon to say &lt;em&gt;arvejo&lt;/em&gt; (yes, with &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;). Guisante is much more common, but people will definitely understand what &lt;em&gt;arvejos&lt;/em&gt; are. I had never heard &lt;em&gt;arveja&lt;/em&gt; before though. The DRAE seems to accept both &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/arvejo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;arvejo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/arveja&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;arveja&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18652" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T19:57:08.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25523" CreationDate="2018-03-17T22:48:43.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an expression that means «teniendo en cuenta»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BaAYElz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habida cuenta de&lt;/strong&gt; algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Teniéndolo en cuenta, a la vista de ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your translation as «dado» is also valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-03-17T22:48:43.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25528" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-18T06:19:35.570" Score="3" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;When dealing with body parts, we use the definite article as in the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan se lava las manos. Juan washes his hands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan la lava las manos. Juan washes her hands.(he washes someone else's hand)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La serpiente se come la cola. The snake eats its tail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it grammatically incorrect to use possessive pronouns with  body parts? or are there instances where it can be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastActivityDate="2018-03-18T06:19:35.570" Title="Is it grammatically incorrect to use possessive pronouns with body parts?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-03-20T00:35:13.420" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25523" CreationDate="2018-03-18T13:56:51.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a fixed phrase. It can be translated as &lt;strong&gt;given that&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-03-18T13:56:51.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25540" CreationDate="2018-03-19T02:37:10.130" Score="0" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused by the highlighted &quot;se&quot; and &quot;le&quot; in the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El director de Reddit Steve Huffman admitió en 2016 haber editado&#xA;  personalmente algunos de sus comentarios, en los que &lt;strong&gt;se le&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  insultaba y criticaba tras haber cerrado otra comunidad en la que se&#xA;  discutía y bromeaba sobre la teoría de que Hillary Clinton formara&#xA;  parte de una organización pedófila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation seems to be that Steve Huffman &quot;was insulted and criticized&quot;, so why is it not &quot;estaba insultado y criticado&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19028" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T18:34:18.587" Title="What do &quot;se&quot; and &quot;le&quot; refer to in the following example?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25531" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25534" CreationDate="2018-03-19T03:19:25.130" Score="3" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;ahueca, muñeca&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an effort to become more conversational in Spanish, I've been trying to learn a few more words and phrases that would be considered slang, colloquial, or informal including sayings from past decades. I've been able to find translations (or near translations) and/or good contextual clues for all but this one here — ahueca, muñeca.  I know that &quot;ahuecar&quot; means &quot;to hollow out&quot; and &quot;muñeca&quot; can mean &quot;doll&quot; or &quot;wrist,&quot; but assumptions based off of just that don't leave me with a good feeling that I know how this phrase is (or has been used).  I've seen the phrase &quot;ahuecar el ala&quot; translated as &quot;to get out,&quot;* but I'm not sure if it means the same thing without the &quot;el ala.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Source: WordReference Thread: &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ahuecar-el-ala.1108115/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahuecar el ala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un esfuerzo para ser más conversacional en español, he estado tratando de aprender algunas palabras y frases que serían consideradas jerga, coloquial, o informal, entre ellas, dichos de décadas pasadas.  He sido capaz de encontrar traducciones y/o buenas claves contextuales para todos excepto este de aquí — ahueca, muñeca.  Sé que “ahuecar” significa “to hollow out” y “muñeca” puede significar “doll” o “wrist,” pero suposiciones basadas en sólo eso no me da confianza que sé cómo esta frase se usa (o se ha utilizado en el pasado).  He visto la frase “ahuecar el ala” traducido como “to get out”,* pero no estoy segura que significa la misma cosa sin “el ala.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Fuente: Hilo de WordReference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/ahuecar-el-ala.1108115/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahuecar el ala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Algunas ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T07:06:01.673" Title="What does &quot;ahueca, muñeca&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2018-03-19T03:29:06.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does North Mexican Spanish sound &quot;angry&quot; to native speakers of Spanish from elsewhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true that I have not spent a huge amount of time in northern Mexico, but I still would venture an answer to this of &quot;No,&quot; and here's why: I learned my Spanish in Mexico, and wherever I go in the world, people (Spanish speakers, that is) quickly identify my Spanish as Mexican, and no one reacts to what I'm saying as though they felt I sounded angry.  (Unless I really am angry.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The attitude of the speaker made me uncomfortable, in a number of ways, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;her criticism of the northern vocabulary such as &quot;ride,&quot; &quot;troca,&quot; and &quot;inmueble&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;her criticism of the northern intonation patterns&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;her identification with her fellow foreign missionaries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, what I could glean of her approach to being a missionary didn't create a positive impression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, her editorial, if that's what her youtube recording was, struck me as thoroughly subjective and culturally arrogant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T15:01:57.093" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:01:57.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25531" CreationDate="2018-03-19T07:06:01.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, if you use the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1JgKdSV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahuecar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in a conversation in imperative form, most surely it is going to be followed by &lt;em&gt;el ala&lt;/em&gt;. In Spanish quite often we do not need to say the whole expression because with the first part of it the second part is implied, note that the Spanish definition for &lt;em&gt;ahuecar&lt;/em&gt; already redirects you to &lt;em&gt;ahuecar el ala&lt;/em&gt;, without the need to say &lt;em&gt;el ala&lt;/em&gt;. And &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q6AmRPw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muñeca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is used to address to a woman in a Humphrey-Bogart-in-Casablanca style. I mean, quite outdated (as is &lt;em&gt;ahuecar el ala&lt;/em&gt;) and with a bit of macho style, because the word makes you think in a young, beautiful woman, the type of woman a man would want to impress. I've never used that word in that way, in fact I have only heard it in movies. In real life it is more used to refer to very young girls and boys (&lt;em&gt;mira qué niña más guapa, parece una muñequita&lt;/em&gt; could be fine if you speak about a two-year-old girl, and my granny could certainly say that my one-year-old baby is &lt;em&gt;un muñeco&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;ahueca, muñeca&lt;/em&gt; has the funny sound of the two words rhyming, but it also sounds like &lt;em&gt;sal de mi vista, mujer, que voy a tratar cosas de hombres&lt;/em&gt;. I would not recommend you using it in conversation unless you are joking with your friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T07:06:01.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-19T07:30:07.370" Score="9" ViewCount="1638" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jws4qSR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;por hache o por be&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Por una u otra causa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre me ha resultado curiosa esta expresión, ya que me da la sensación de que la &lt;em&gt;hache&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; hacen referencia a alguna otra palabra o expresión, tal vez una expresión latina cuyas iniciales fueran esas y hoy día solo la referenciáramos a través de dichas iniciales. Aunque la verdad es que la expresión parece reciente, esto es lo más antiguo que encuentro en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡De manera que a ver si hay un poquito de formalidad, que ya llevan dos veces que se les llama la atención por hache o por be, y estoy viendo que todavía me van a poner ustedes en el trámite de avisar a mi marido!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, &quot;El Jarama&quot;, 1956 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la primera aparición de esta expresión en el diccionario fue en 1984 en el &lt;em&gt;Academia manual&lt;/em&gt;, y redirige a la expresión &lt;em&gt;por ce o por be&lt;/em&gt;. Esta nueva expresión se recoge en el diccionario desde 1817 en el DLE con una pequeña diferencia en el significado: &quot;de un modo u otro&quot;. Y cita como ejemplo: &quot;Por ce ó por be se salió con la suya&quot;. Nótese que no es lo mismo &quot;de un modo u otro&quot; que &quot;por un motivo u otro&quot;, aunque el diccionario actual recoge las dos expresiones &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=848jnqM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como sinónimas&lt;/a&gt; (ante lo cual discrepo: en la cita de arriba yo podría sustituir &lt;em&gt;por hache o por be&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;por un motivo u otro&lt;/em&gt;, pero no por &lt;em&gt;de un modo u otro&lt;/em&gt;). Curiosamente no logro encontrar en el CORDE ningún ejemplo de esta versión de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿significan algo esa &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt; y esa &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; de la expresión original? ¿O fue solo una expresión inventada así sin más? ¿Cómo evolucionó la &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt; a la actual &lt;em&gt;hache&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuándo y cómo tuvo lugar ese cambio de matiz en el significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T11:52:17.443" LastActivityDate="2020-08-06T10:05:20.777" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;por hache o por be&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25538" CreationDate="2018-03-19T08:48:51.190" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous question, I posted the following sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan la lava las manos. Juan washes her hands.(he washes someone else's hand)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand why this is wrong, &amp;quot;Juan la lava&amp;quot; means Juan is washing a person (in which case bañar is preferred) and &amp;quot;las manos seems to have no connection with what Precedes it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the correction I received was,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juan le lava las manos. he washes her hands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if this literally translates to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;he washes her hands &lt;strong&gt;for her&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then it makes sense, if not, I don't understand how the indirect object le fits into the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a similar manner, consider the following sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a él le gustan los mangos literally means mangoes are pleasing to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;le duele la cabeza literally means the head hearts him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I don't have problems using the verb &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish as I know it is a &amp;quot;Verb like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; and must be preceded by an indirect object, I can't see le functioning as the indirect object when used with &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt;. I understand le with the use of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; since something is pleasing &lt;strong&gt;to him&lt;/strong&gt; but with &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt; it hurts &lt;strong&gt;him&lt;/strong&gt; and not &lt;strong&gt;to/for him.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps this confusion stems form the fact that i'm only accustomed to sentences such as,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gabriel le compró una rosa.Gabriel bought a rose for her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella le mandó la carta.She sent the letter to her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in which the indirect object is always &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt; a person or thing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-29T19:11:15.697" Title="The proper use of le as the indirect pronoun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25523" CreationDate="2018-03-19T09:32:22.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como han dicho otros, la fórmula &quot;habida cuenta de&quot; equivale a &quot;teniendo en cuenta que&quot;, o simplemente &quot;dado que&quot;. Es un uso de &quot;haber&quot; como equivalente a &quot;tener&quot;, y por eso pensaba que esta expresión vendría de antiguo habida cuenta (guiño) de que dicha equiparación hace tiempo que quedó obsoleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, buscando casos tanto en el CORDE como en la hemeroteca, me encuentro con que el caso más antiguo es de 1845. Así que me imaginé que la expresión se crearía como una variación de otras construcciones similares, y ahí ya sí que di con expresiones parecidas de mucho más atrás en el tiempo (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero porque esto podia ocasionar, que los Indios por quedarse ociosos, pidiesen excesivos jornales, y asi se hiciese falta en los servicios públicos, se mandó luego por otra cédula de la misma data, y por otra de dos de Diciembre de 1563, que los Magistrados, y Reales Audiencias los tasen, &lt;strong&gt;habida consideracion&lt;/strong&gt; de los tiempos, Provincias, caminos, y trabajo de los ministerios en que se havian de ocupar; pero esto de tal manera, que tódo se mirase por el bien de los Indios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Solórzano y Pereira, &quot;Política indiana&quot;, 1648 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] e pidió al dicho señor teniente que &lt;strong&gt;habida información&lt;/strong&gt; dello le mandase abrir, leer y publicar el dicho testamento, para que se guardase y cumpliese según y como en él se contenía; [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Cláusula del testamento que hizo el obispo de Chiapa don fray Bartolomé de las Casas&quot;, 1566 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, en ambos casos se podrían sustituir las expresiones en negrita por &quot;habida cuenta&quot;. Por tanto podríamos afirmar que sí, es una expresión que viene de antiguo, manteniendo la estructura arcaica de &quot;habida + sustantivo&quot; pero con una pequeña variante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T09:32:22.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25536" CreationDate="2018-03-19T14:00:04.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to fit a word of a language into the mold of another one can sometimes work and sometimes not. If it looks like it doesn't work and furthermore confuses you, it's best to drop it and just try to get used to the structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if you still want to try to make a parallel between &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt; and their equivalents in English, you could change things a bit. If &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be pleasing&quot; then &lt;em&gt;doler&lt;/em&gt; can mean &quot;to be hurtful&quot;, and thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me gusta el helado.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Icecream is pleasing to me.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Me duele la cabeza.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The head is hurtful to me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually a bit better than translating &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;to please&quot; because things do not actually, actively work to please people; they simple are pleasing, i.e. &quot;being pleasing&quot; is a passive quality. In the same way, &quot;being hurtful&quot; (or less literally &quot;being sore&quot;) is not something a part of your body chooses to do, but also a passive state. The unusual grammar and the inverted word order of the Spanish phrases has a lot to do with this: some types of passive subjects often work better after the verb, while the normal position before the verb works better with animate, active subjects (think e.g. how you would translate &quot;I [accidentally] dropped my pencil&quot; in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;Se me cayó el lápiz&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, consider that Spanish indirect objects are not exactly like English ones. They sometimes don't mean a simple secondary object as in e. g. &lt;em&gt;dar algo a alguien&lt;/em&gt;, but can also refer to some unspecified involvement, as in &lt;em&gt;Se me rompió el auto&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The car broke down on me&quot;, or &lt;em&gt;Los otros le comieron la comida&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The others ate his/her food&quot;. You'll be running into these as you learn more Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T14:00:04.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2167" CreationDate="2018-03-19T14:48:07.320" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are fewer than 30 words ending in &lt;em&gt;-j&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, most of which were inherited from Arabic at a time when &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish represented &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; (i.e. the English sound 'sh'). The rest come from a variety of different origins:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Arabic&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1sWwe3j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alioj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hisp. Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;yašb&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Aramaic&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;yašpe&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Acadian&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;[j]ašpū&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;jaspe&amp;quot;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/almiraj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almiraj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; المعراج (&lt;em&gt;mi'raj&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/almofrej&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almofrej&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; ﺍﻞﻣﻔﺭﺺ (&lt;em&gt;almafráš&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=20Ofqqj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almoraduj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;almoradux&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hisp. Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;almarda[d]dúš&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;marzanǧūš&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Greek &lt;/sub&gt;ἀμάρακος&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/erraj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;erraj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;herraj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hisp. Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; ﺍﺭﻎ (&lt;em&gt;arráhǧ&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;polvo&amp;quot;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/balaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;balaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;balaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; ﺑﻠﺨﺸﻲ (&lt;em&gt;balaẖš&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;balaẖšī&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;badajshaní&amp;quot;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/borraj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;borraj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;bórax&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; ﺑﻭﺭﻖ (&lt;em&gt;bawraq&lt;/em&gt;) ← &lt;sub&gt;Persian&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;bure&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cambuj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cambuj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;gambuj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gambux&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gambox&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hisp. Arabic&lt;/sub&gt; ﻛﻨﺒﺶ (&lt;em&gt;kanbúš&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;capuchón&amp;quot;) ← &lt;sub&gt;Late Latin&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;caputium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Latin and apocopy of Old Spanish verbs&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Dli4ffc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dij&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;dije&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;? &lt;sub&gt;Latin&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/dij-o-dije/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dĭgĭtus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;uncertain&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/relej&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;relej&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;releje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;relejar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/rebalaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebalaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;rebalaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;resbalar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pedicoj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pedicoj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Latin&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;pes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pedis&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;pie&amp;quot;) + &lt;em&gt;cojo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ODHeswC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;maniblaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt; ? &lt;code&gt;uncertain&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;French and Gothic&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/troj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;troj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;troja&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;troje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;? &lt;sub&gt;Gothic&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?troj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;thraughs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;arca&amp;quot;) &lt;code&gt;uncertain&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/carcaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;carcaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;carcax&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Old French&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;carcais&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Byzantine Greek&lt;/sub&gt; καρκάσιον (&lt;em&gt;karkásion&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/gambaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gambaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;gambax&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Old French&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;gambais&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Gothic&lt;/sub&gt;  (&lt;em&gt;wamba&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;vientre&amp;quot;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Catalan and Aragonese&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/boj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;boj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;boje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;box&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Catalan/Aragonese&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;boix&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Latin&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;buxus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/reloj#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reloj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contrarreloj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Old Catalan&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;relotge&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;orollotge&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Latin&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;hōrologium&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Ancient Greek&lt;/sub&gt; ὡρολόγιον (&lt;em&gt;hōrológion&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;3 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Onomatopoeia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/aj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;ax&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/drae/srv/search?type=3&amp;amp;val=aj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ax&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/puaj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;puaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt; — (compare with French &lt;em&gt;¡pouah!&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Foreign religious terms&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aj_(mitolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Egyptian&lt;/sub&gt; Ꜣḫ (&lt;em&gt;Akh&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/sij&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sij&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;English&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sikh&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;Punjabi&lt;/sub&gt; ਸਿੱਖ (&lt;em&gt;sikkh&lt;/em&gt;) ← &lt;sub&gt;Sanskrit&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;šisya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/P%C3%A9saj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pésaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Hebrew&lt;/sub&gt; פֶּסַח (&lt;em&gt;pésach&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;salto&amp;quot;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;American peoples&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alt. orthography&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=92qzUVG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chuj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuj_people#Ethonym&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exonym&lt;/a&gt; for the Chuj people, language&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MEiuwXC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;itzaj&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;itzá&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Itza'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these (with the exception of &lt;em&gt;Aj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;almiraj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gambaj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rebalaj&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pésaj&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;puaj&lt;/em&gt;) have entries in the RAE, and 11 of them have alternate forms with a terminal &lt;em&gt;-je&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-x&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;The RAE introduced this orthography by analogy with other transliterations of the group &lt;em&gt;kh&lt;/em&gt;, corresponding to words of Slavic origin so transcribed in English. However, in Punjabi the sound of the word does not correspond to &lt;code&gt;/x/&lt;/code&gt;, being on the contrary much closer to &lt;code&gt;/k/&lt;/code&gt;, and the choice is therefore deceptive and unjustified etymologically; Much more reasonable alternatives are &lt;em&gt;sik&lt;/em&gt; or simply &lt;em&gt;sikh&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;ix&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt; in (Eastern) Catalan, and when this word was first loaned to Spanish the letter &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; represented the same sound.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;The current form of the word may partly be a back-formation of &lt;em&gt;relojes&lt;/em&gt;, plural of obsolete &lt;em&gt;reloje&lt;/em&gt;, which better conforms with the Catalan source and would explain the final &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;j&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, which is rare in Spanish.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Compare with:&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/follaje#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;follaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from Occitan &lt;em&gt;follatge&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peaje#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;peaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from Catalan &lt;em&gt;peatge&lt;/em&gt; or French &lt;em&gt;péage&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lenguaje#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from Old Spanish &lt;em&gt;lenguage&lt;/em&gt;, borrowed from Old French &lt;em&gt;language&lt;/em&gt; or Old Occitan &lt;em&gt;lenguatge&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;lengaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/metraje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;metraje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/fuselaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fuselaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/sabotaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sabotaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/paisaje#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;paisaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from French &lt;em&gt;métrage&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;&lt;em&gt;fuselage&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;paysage&lt;/em&gt; (comp. Catalan &lt;em&gt;paisatge&lt;/em&gt; |&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-12-17T08:33:26.340" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T08:33:26.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25530" CreationDate="2018-03-19T16:16:59.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Se&quot; is the so called &quot;pasiva refleja&quot; a way of expressing passive form when there is no explicit subject. You can also express the same meaning with &quot;él era insultado y criticado&quot; which would be the usual passive form. In the latter passive form the direct object becomes the subject so le would become él and is usually omitted because it can be inferred from the ending of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T16:16:59.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25542" CreationDate="2018-03-19T17:47:17.530" Score="7" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to learn Spanish. I've been through Duolingo and much of Babbel, and now I'm trying to read the Minotauro translation of &quot;The Hobbit&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm stuck on the title of the first chapter: &quot;UNA TERTULIA INESPERADA&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English title is, of course: &quot;An Unexpected Party.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The obvious translation would be &quot;Una Fiesta Inesperada&quot;, but I understand that &quot;fiesta&quot; means more of a large celebration than a simple dinner party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate is of no help: &quot;AN UNEXPECTED TERTULIA&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19033" LastEditorUserId="19033" LastEditDate="2020-03-27T23:55:43.257" LastActivityDate="2020-03-27T23:55:43.257" Title="What does &quot;tertulia&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25541" CreationDate="2018-03-19T18:15:46.767" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, tertulia means &quot;salon&quot;, &quot;talk-show&quot;, &quot;conversation&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the RAE translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZdNifNU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tertulia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Reunión de personas que se juntan habitualmente para conversar o recrearse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar de tertulia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. conversar (‖ hablar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-19T21:27:13.017" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T21:27:13.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25530" CreationDate="2018-03-19T18:34:18.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay, this sentence has many issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, we've got here a case of &lt;code&gt;leísmo&lt;/code&gt;, which consists in using &quot;le&quot; instead of &quot;lo&quot;. Many people think taht &quot;lo&quot; is for objects and &quot;le&quot; for people, but that's nor always true. &quot;Lo&quot; is for direct objects, so the sentence here should have been&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo insultaba y criticaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's go into the sentence. We can look into the first verb only, without loss of generality. Let's reduce it to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo insultaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've got a verb (insultaba), a direct object (lo) and a mysterious word &quot;se&quot;. Unless a person is called &quot;Se&quot; (which is very unlikely), &quot;se&quot; is NOT the subject. Where is the subject then? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. The sentence has no subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. The sentence is actually a passive one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to tell which one, is trying to &quot;rearrange&quot; the sentence and see if it can be expressed as a normal mpassive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I hope you didn't get lost, but keep reading).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two types of passive in Spanish. The normal passive uses the same structure as English: &lt;code&gt;ser + participle&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Check that it is NOT &quot;estar&quot;, but ser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He was insulted = Él fue insultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the usual passive is word-by-word the same as English. Be careful to use &quot;ser&quot;, since &quot;estar&quot; would mean a different thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fue pintado&lt;/code&gt; = it was painted (the action of being painted was applied to it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Estaba pintado&lt;/code&gt; = It was painted (it's just indicating its current state)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, back to the topic, there are two types of passive in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first type is exactly the same as English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second type is called &quot;pasiva refleja&quot; and it uses the word &quot;se&quot;. &lt;code&gt;ser + participle&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;se + conjugated verb&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That was done = Eso fue hecho ||  Eso se hizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it sounds weird at the beginning, but that's because you're not used to it. Unfortunately, the second way is more common in Spanish, so you'll have to get used to it haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So finally, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se lo insultaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be rephrased like a passive sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él era insultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it like this?&#xA;&quot;lo&quot; is the direct object. The direct object of a passive is &quot;by definition&quot; the subject of the real sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was done ↔ someone did it.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So &quot;lo&quot; acting as a DO becomes subject in the passive voice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I use &quot;era&quot; because &quot;insultaba&quot; is in imperfect preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I think that's all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be complicated for a beginner. I admit it is an &quot;advanced topic&quot;. Tell me if you don't understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T18:34:18.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25546" CreationDate="2018-03-19T22:25:29.070" Score="1" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had 5 different level of active reading books for English which increased my reading very well.&lt;br&gt;For increasing my reading talent in Spanish:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there any book(or series of books) for Spanish? like active reading? to teach us how to read faster.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information about active reading series plz visit: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ngl.cengage.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ngl cengage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm not talking about an online website for it like:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wattpad.com/home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wattpad&lt;/a&gt; or something like this!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I just need books for reading when i'm not online.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asked this question on duolingo.com, but nobody answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19036" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-20T06:17:42.857" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T06:17:42.857" Title="Books like active reading series for Spanish" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-03-20T00:44:39.057" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25545" CreationDate="2018-03-19T22:41:34.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well i don't know your actual level of Spanish, but if you are a beginner you can read books like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Wonderful Wizard of Oz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; who is called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El maravilloso mago de Oz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in Spanish, so if you don't understand some word or expression you can check it on the original book's language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I you want to go further you can start with books like this. &#xA;This can be a good one to start and it is free online &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.formarse.com.ar/libros/Libros-recomendados-pdf/El%20Alquimista-Paulo%20Coelho.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Alquimista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a serie of books that uses stylishly Spanish language, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El cementerio de los Libros Olvidados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, that starts with the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_sombra_del_viento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Sombra del Viento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; ,I would recommend it too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you like Poe you can go with Poe's Tales, you can find them free online and they are well translated in Spanish. Or if you want something new you can read the famous peruvian poet &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Vallejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;César Vallejo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you'd be an expert you can go to books like Game of Thrones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19037" LastEditorUserId="19037" LastEditDate="2018-03-19T22:48:46.883" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T22:48:46.883" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="35265" CreationDate="2018-03-20T01:15:22.923" Score="6" ViewCount="1413" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KbvDDyj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;homosexual&lt;/a&gt; incluye a personas (ambos sexos) y sus relaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;homosexual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inclinada sexualmente hacia individuos de su mismo sexo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J1HLflc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gay&lt;/a&gt; sugiere que es un término que se suele usar más con hombres, pero de nuevo se puede aplicar a cualquier persona indistintamente de su sexo (hombres y mujeres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gay&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de una persona, especialmente de un hombre: homosexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario, la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N9yxt4g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lesbiana&lt;/a&gt; no deja dudas de que se trata de un término usado solo para mujeres homosexuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lesbiano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de una mujer: homosexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Lesbiano&amp;quot; es simplemente &amp;quot;relativo al lesbianismo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;natural de Lesbos&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;perteneciente a Lesbos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término no peyorativo en español que haga la misma distinción respecto a hombres? Es decir que signifique &amp;quot;hombre homosexual&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;mujer homosexual&amp;quot; ni sea tan genérico o ambiguo como &amp;quot;persona homosexual&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, si yo digo &amp;quot;esa persona es gay&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;esa persona es homosexual&amp;quot;, no necesariamente se sabe su sexo, simplemente que sus preferencia son hacia individuos de su mismo sexo (sea el que sea). Si por el contrario digo &amp;quot;Esa persona es &lt;em&gt;lesbiana&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; se deja patente que esa persona es mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término por el que pregunto sería tal que podríamos decir &amp;quot;Esa persona es -&amp;quot; y quedaría patente que es un hombre (homosexual), no una mujer, y sería un término que podríamos usar en cualquier contexto (es decir, no es malsonante ni peyorativo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-07-18T08:09:25.327" Title="¿Hay algún término para referirse exclusivamente a un hombre homosexual?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sexualidad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25561" CreationDate="2018-03-20T05:02:48.050" Score="6" ViewCount="851" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following sentences that sparked the confusion I now face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sol secó la ropa. The sun dried the clothes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ropa se secó al sol. The clothing dried in the sun&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second sentence, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is used before the intransitive verb &lt;em&gt;secar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Researching why, I found the link &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/reflexive-pronouns-and-intransitive-verbs.597527/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reflexive pronouns and intransitive verbs&lt;/a&gt;. In which the following explanation was given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, if you say &amp;quot;la ropa secó...&amp;quot;, any Spanish speaker would wonder &amp;quot;secó... ¿qué o a quién?&amp;quot; because this verb is not used as intransitive, even if you omit the direct object. That &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; turns the verb into intransitive and solves the problem. English can easily turn transitive verbs into intransitive by just omitting the direct object, but in Spanish this object is assumed to be implicit if not present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the above explanation, my understanding is that &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; indicates that the verb being used is intransitive rather than transitive. The problem however, is that I can think of a few sentences where a verb that can be both transitive and intransitive is used intransitively but &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is not used as in the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llama cuando quieras. Call when you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando llegué, la tienda ya estaba cerrada. When I arrived, the store was already closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella practica a menudo. She practices often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that I am clear in my explanation that I am not asking about the impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; or when &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is used to show something is done by accident etc... since these may also go before an intransitive verb. Rather I am asking why/how do you know when some intransitive verbs require &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; to differentiate it from its transitive counterpart and when it doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read the following questions that have been asked before.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/5263/when-is-se-used-before-a-verb&quot;&gt;When is “se” used before a verb?&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/16059/when-se-is-needed-for-transitive-verbs&quot;&gt;when se is needed for transitive verbs?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T20:58:24.427" Title="using Se before intransitive verbs" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25547" CreationDate="2018-03-20T06:40:19.277" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagino que no seré el primero al que se haya ocurrido, pero buscando en el DIRAE vaya si hay palabras registradas con el significado de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/?q=hombre%20homosexual&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hombre homosexual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, desde las más coloridas y ocurrentes hasta las más bastas y explícitas. Y, por supuesto, cada una aplica en un país diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, yo entiendo que &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; se refiere principalmente a los hombres. Yo, al menos, lo he entendido siempre así, aunque imagino que el término se puede usar indistintamente. La verdad es que mirando el diccionario veo que &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; siempre ha sido sinónima de &lt;em&gt;homosexual&lt;/em&gt;, y este término se aplica a ambos sexos por igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos salimos de la RAE, lo que se me ocurre es comprobar cómo se llama al colectivo que representa a las diferentes personas homosexuales, bisexuales, transexuales y demás: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;LGTB&lt;/a&gt;. En esta sigla la &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;G&lt;/em&gt; corresponden, respectivamente, a las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbianidad&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lesbianas&lt;/a&gt; y los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gais&lt;/a&gt;. Y se denominan así, por separado, y no agrupando a hombres y mujeres bajo una única inicial. Y si nos vamos a las dos definiciones en la Wikipedia que acabo de enlazar, vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesbianismo es el término empleado en español para hacer referencia a la homosexualidad femenina, es decir, las mujeres que experimentan amor romántico o atracción sexual por otras mujeres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra gay​ es una manera de designar a las personas homosexuales masculinas, es decir, a los hombres que les atraen sexual y emocionalmente otros hombres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y este último artículo aclara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En países hispanohablantes, &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; se refiere casi exclusivamente al género masculino (por lo tanto, no se aplica a las mujeres lesbianas o transexuales).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, la palabra &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; se usa para ambos sexos por comodidad y ahorro en términos como el &lt;em&gt;matrimonio gay&lt;/em&gt;, o la &lt;em&gt;comunidad gay&lt;/em&gt; (aunque este se está perdiendo en favor de la &lt;em&gt;comunidad LGTB&lt;/em&gt;), o incluso las &lt;em&gt;personas gais&lt;/em&gt; en general. Pero si te fijas, normalmente se dice &lt;em&gt;un gay&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;una gay&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;em&gt;una lesbiana&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí que referido a personas, &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; implique un hombre (salvo, claro está, que quieras ocultar intencionadamente el sexo de la persona de la que hablas, pero esa es otra cuestión). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, hacer notar que el término &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt; fue el adoptado por la propia comunidad gay. Por tanto, cualquier otro término que encuentres (véase la lista enlazada al principio) podría tener connotaciones negativas o despectivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-20T06:47:40.417" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T06:47:40.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25552" CreationDate="2018-03-20T09:30:59.470" Score="3" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando veo una inversión de la orden de las palabras involucrando un adverbio de una oración, ¿significa esto que hace hincapié?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other day I was practicing Spanish via an exercise in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chegg.com/textbooks/spanish-grammar-in-context-2nd-edition-9780340958759-0340958758&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Chapter 30: Word Order.  I would imagine that there's some flexibility in sentence formation, but two of my answers did not match the answer key and left me with questions about word order in Spanish that I haven’t come across and/or found definitive answers to.  Each left me with questions for different reasons, the first of which I will pose in this post here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give you some background, the instructions for this exercise were to rewrite a sentence beginning with the underlined word.  I misunderstood the instructions a bit and simply focused on moving the underlined word to a different position in the sentence, but had I followed instructions, I might not have thought to ask this question.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below you will see the sentence that was to be rewritten, the answers from the answer key (in this case, two versions were given), and my answer.  Underneath each are my translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heretofore, I have not been too concerned about my placement of adverbials in my English translations, but as my Spanish improves I want to learn how to capture, in English, the word order that was used in Spanish.  You will also note that I have italicized and bolded the word that I believe is being emphasized in the sentence based on the teachings found in the aforementioned chapter of this book.  Please tell me if my understanding of what is being emphasized is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the chapter covers 11 points regarding word order and often, when usual word order is not used, it indicates that the out-of-place element has emphasis.  Specifically with regard to adverbial positioning, the book states&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adverbial phrases can be highlighted by placing them before the verb …&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 224)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as you will see with my final example sentence — the one I came up with — I don’t have a strong feeling that this is always the case.  Furthermore, it appears that placing an adverb at the end of a sentence is rare.  Are there any rules governing this?  Or is this just a tendency that naturally occurs in the Spanish language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever the case may be, for each sentence listed, I include my reason for thinking the element has emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the sentence to be rewritten, I will assume that the creators of this book chose sentences that were written rather neutrally and will therefore also assume that nothing in particular is being emphasized in these base sentences (of which I am only providing one example, along with the two answers given for it, and my attempt to provide a correct answer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;REWRITE: La fresa es la fruta que más se cultiva a̲q̲u̲í̲.*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: The strawberry is the fruit that is most cultivated here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*The underlined word was &quot;aquí.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ANSWER KEY: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la &lt;em&gt;fruta&lt;/em&gt; que más se cultiva es la fresa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the &lt;em&gt;fruit&lt;/em&gt; that is most cultivated is the strawberry.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;I believe &quot;here&quot; is being emphasized because adverbs typically come after the verb they modify and this one is bumped all the way to the start of the sentence.  A secondary emphasis appears to be on “fruit” since it is placed before strawberry.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ANSWER KEY: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la fresa es la fruta que más se cultiva.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the &lt;em&gt;strawberry&lt;/em&gt; is the fruit that is most cultivated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Again, it appears that “here” is getting emphasis due to its placement.  Unlike the previous sentence, a secondary emphasis appears to be on “strawberry” rather than “fruit.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MY ANSWER: La fresa es la fruta que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se cultiva más.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: The strawberry is the fruit that is cultivated most &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;If the rule about typically placing the adverb after the verb is reversed in the sentence above, it would seem, then, that the adverb is being emphasized, but, at the same time, I know it is less common to have an adverb end a sentence/phrase/clause.  The pie chart below shows you by just how much:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/M50P194.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, it seems odd to assume that “here” is then being emphasized.  Thoughts?  Rules/advice from personal knowledge/cited sources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día, estaba practicando el español a través de un ejercicio en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chegg.com/textbooks/spanish-grammar-in-context-2nd-edition-9780340958759-0340958758&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Capítulo 30: Orden de las palabras.  Imaginaría que hay flexibilidad en la formación de oraciones, pero dos de mis respuestas no coinciden con la hoja de respuestas y me dejaron con dudas sobre el orden de las palabras en español para las que no he encontrado respuestas definitivas.  Cada uno me dejó con preguntas por diferentes razones, la primera de las cuales presentaré aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para darles un poco más de información, las instrucciones para este ejercicio eran reescribir la oración comenzando con la palabra subrayada.  Entendí un poco mal las instrucciones y simplemente me centré en mover la palabra subrayada a una posición diferente en la oración, pero si hubiera seguido instrucciones, es posible que no se me hubiera ocurrido hacer esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación van a ver la oración que iba a ser reescrita, las respuestas de la hoja de respuestas (en este caso, dieron dos versiones) y mi respuesta.  Debajo de cada una están mis traducciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ahora, no he estado demasiado preocupada con la ubicación de adverbiales en mis traducciones inglesas, pero a medida que mi español mejora quiero aprender a capturar, en inglés, el orden de las palabras que se usa en español.  También observarán que he puesto en cursiva y negrita la palabra en que creo que están haciendo hincapié en la oración basada en las enseñanzas encontradas en el capítulo del libro antes mencionado.  Por favor, díganme si mi entendimiento de en lo que se está haciendo hincapié es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, el capítulo cubre 11 puntos relativos al orden de las palabras y, muchas veces, cuando no se usa un orden de palabras, indica que elementos fuera de lugar hacen hincapié.  Específicamente, con respecto a la ubicación adverbial, los autores del libro escriben:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frases adverbiales se pueden destacar colocando ellas antes del verbo …&lt;/strong&gt;  (p. 224)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, como van a ver en mi último ejemplo — el que creé — no tengo un sentimiento fuerte que esto es así siempre.  Además, parece que colocando un adverbio al fin de una oración es raro.  ¿Hay reglas que gobierna esto?  O, ¿es esto sólo una tendencia que ocurre naturalmente en la lengua española?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquiera que sea el caso, para cada oración ven a continuación, incluyo mi razón de pensar que el elemento hace hincapié.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la oración a re-redactarse, asumiré que los creadores de este libro eligieron oraciones que fueron escritas bastante neutrales y que nada en particular hace hincapié en estas oraciones iniciales (más que sólo proporcionar un ejemplo, junto con sus dos respuestas y mi intento de proporcionar una respuesta correcta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;REESCRIBIR: La fresa es la fruta que más se cultiva a̲q̲u̲í̲.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: The strawberry is the fruit that is most cultivated here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_*La palabra subrayada fue aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOJA DE RESPUESTAS: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la &lt;em&gt;fruta&lt;/em&gt; que más se cultiva es la fresa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the &lt;em&gt;fruit&lt;/em&gt; that is most cultivated is the strawberry.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Creo que “aquí” hace hincapié porque adverbios normalmente siguen el verbo que modifican y ésto se encuentra al principio de la oración.  Un énfasis secundario parece darse a “fruta” desde que se coloca antes de “fresa.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOJA DE RESPUESTAS: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; la fresa es la fruta que más se cultiva.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the &lt;em&gt;strawberry&lt;/em&gt; is the fruit that is most cultivated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Otra vez, parece se que “aquí” hace hincapié debido a su ubicación.  Al contrario a la frase anterior, parece que énfasis secundario está en “fresa” en vez de “fruta.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MI RESPUESTA: La fresa es la fruta que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se cultiva más.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: The strawberry is the fruit that is cultivated most &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Si la regla sobre colocar normalmente el adverbio después del verbo se invierte en la frase arriba, parecería, entonces, que hace hincapié el adverbio, pero, al mismo tiempo, sé que es menos común tener un adverbio termina una oración/frase/cláusula.  El gráfico circular les muestra la cantidad de la diferencia:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esto, parece entonces extraño asumir que “aquí” hace hincapié.  ¿Pensamientos?  ¿Reglas/consejo de conocimiento personal/fuentes citadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-24T23:40:37.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T23:40:37.607" Title="When I see a reversal of word order involving an adverb in a sentence, does this mean it is being emphasized?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-20T10:58:01.347" Score="2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been confused by the following phrase from a Spanish 3 class I am taking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no te divertirás mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is the use of the word &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; in this sentence. I cannot understand whether it is supposed to be an adjective e.g. &lt;em&gt;You will not have much fun&lt;/em&gt; or an adverb e.g. &lt;em&gt;You will not have fun much&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19038" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-20T11:19:28.733" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T00:10:08.650" Title="Is the word &quot;mucho&quot; in &quot;no te divertirás mucho&quot; an adjective or an adverb? Why?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25550" CreationDate="2018-03-20T11:31:57.330" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first position in the sentence is, as you have already surmised, the one chosen for a certain kind of emphasis, the one given to the newly introduced topic or theme of the sentence. This &lt;strong&gt;topic fronting&lt;/strong&gt; is extremely common among languages, and you can find it in English as well, although of course it doesn't work exactly as in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topic_and_comment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;topic&lt;/a&gt; is the thing being talked about, and as such it's rather logical to state it in full first thing, and then to drop it (in Spanish) or replace it by a pronoun (in English) in subsequent sentences, once it's clear from context. It often coincides with the subject, which syntactically tends to come first in any case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Topic fronting works through &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dislocation_(syntax)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;left dislocation&lt;/a&gt;. It serves the purpose of marking a new topic or theme as current from that point on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The seemingly paradoxical fact that in the sample phrase you Googled, the &quot;emphasized&quot; phrase seems to be vastly more common than the one with the &quot;normal&quot; word order, is that you've picked a type of construction that lends itself naturally to topic fronting: a comparison or contrast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider that a new topic comes at the front, and the comment (the information you give about the topic) follows. If you're talking about fruits cultivated in a place, is the topic the fruits or the place? Whichever one is the topic will come first. Now, if it's the fruits, what do you want to say about them? Are you talking about a specific fruit, or about fruits in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the topic is the place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquí&lt;/strong&gt; la fruta que más se cultiva es la fresa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the topic is the (kind of) fruit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La fruta que más se cultiva aquí&lt;/strong&gt; es la fresa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the topic is the (specific) fruit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La fresa&lt;/strong&gt; es la fruta que más se cultiva aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You Googled &lt;em&gt;se cultiva más aquí&lt;/em&gt; and got only four results. This might be due to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's a superlative or comparative involving &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; as a topic, &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; would naturally move to the front of the sentence, as explained above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the topic, then the phrase reads almost surely as a comparative, not a superlative, and then the comparison can only refer to the amount of cultivation being done in a place vs. in another place: &lt;em&gt;La fresa se cultiva más aquí que en cualquier otro lugar.&lt;/em&gt; This comparison is not nearly as common as a superlative phrase stating &lt;em&gt;where&lt;/em&gt; something is most frequent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-20T23:43:10.347" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T23:43:10.347" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25551" CreationDate="2018-03-20T11:47:54.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PytaXRE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mucho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can be an adjective if it goes along with a noun, a pronoun if it refers to a noun previously mentioned but omitted, or an adverb if it goes along with a verb. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto es mucho trabajo para tan poco tiempo.&lt;/em&gt; (Adjective, it modifies &quot;trabajo&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trajeron un pan muy rico, pero no comimos mucho.&lt;/em&gt; (Pronoun, it refers to &quot;pan&quot; but it is omitted.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llueve mucho y se va a desbordar el río.&lt;/em&gt; (Adverb, it modifies &quot;llueve&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with your sentence is the translation to English. In Spanish we have a verb (&quot;divertirse&quot;) that translates to English as &quot;to have fun&quot;, as if we said &quot;tener diversión&quot;. So in the sentence &quot;no te divertirás mucho&quot;, the word &quot;mucho&quot; modifies the verb, hence it is an adverb. But in &quot;you won't have much fun&quot;, the word &quot;much&quot; modifies &quot;fun&quot; (a noun). If we said &quot;tuvimos mucha diversión&quot;, then &quot;mucha&quot; would be an adjective as it would modify &quot;diversión&quot; (a noun).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T11:47:54.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-20T13:06:31.867" Score="3" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en el DLE que la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bRCXZBr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vegetariano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviene directamente del inglés &lt;em&gt;vegetarian&lt;/em&gt;, palabra inventada a partir de &lt;em&gt;vegetable&lt;/em&gt;. No encuentro en el DLE que la palabra pudiera ser una composición en español de &lt;em&gt;vegetal&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;verdura&lt;/em&gt;, en realidad) y algún sufijo, dado que &lt;em&gt;-ariano&lt;/em&gt; no existe como tal en nuestro idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que veo que a partir de esta palabra y otras como &lt;em&gt;frutariano&lt;/em&gt;, se ha sacado la sílaba &lt;em&gt;ta&lt;/em&gt; como factor común y están apareciendo nombres para los que practican las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivegetarianismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;variantes relajadas del vegetarianismo&lt;/a&gt;, tales como &lt;em&gt;pescetariano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pollotariano&lt;/em&gt; (que admiten pequeñas cantidades de carne de pescado o de pollo, respectivamente). Puede que algún día la RAE admita &lt;em&gt;-tariano&lt;/em&gt; como elemento compositivo, quién sabe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que se ocurre un nuevo juego etimológico y os propongo: ¿cuál habría sido la palabra usada en español para &lt;em&gt;vegetarianismo&lt;/em&gt; si esta se hubiera creado directamente en español? Se me ocurren cosas como &lt;em&gt;vegetalario&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;verdulario&lt;/em&gt; usando &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3YvWLaw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;boticario&lt;/em&gt; (aunque significa &quot;profesión&quot; y no &quot;persona&quot;) o tal vez &lt;em&gt;verdulero&lt;/em&gt;, con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G2rZOMn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;ingeniero&lt;/em&gt;, pero nuevamente significa &quot;profesión&quot; (de hecho un &lt;em&gt;verdulero&lt;/em&gt; es el que vende verduras). ¡Participen y expliquen sus propuestas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus: ¿Se usaba alguna palabra en español para este concepto antes de la llegada de &lt;em&gt;vegetariano&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O eso de comer solo verdura era algo inconcebible para los hablantes del español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T22:02:53.193" Title="¿Cómo se diría &quot;vegetariano&quot; en español si no nos hubiera llegado el término del inglés?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25555" CreationDate="2018-03-20T13:29:17.650" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un sufijo útil en este caso podría ser &amp;quot;‒́voro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/-%CC%81voro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;‒́voro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elemento compositivo que significa &amp;quot;que come, que se alimenta de&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una primera palabra cuyo significado concuerda parcialmente con el término buscado sería &lt;em&gt;herbívoro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KBY2Su7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;herbívoro, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;herba&lt;/em&gt; 'hierba' y &lt;em&gt;‒́voro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de un animal: Que se alimenta de vegetales, y más especialmente de hierbas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya que este término hace énfasis en las hierbas, mi propuesta es usar una palabra en latín para vegetal + el sufijo &lt;em&gt;‒́voro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las opciones que me da el traductor de google para la palabra vegetal en latín es &lt;em&gt;vegetabili&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi propuesta es entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vegetabilívoro&lt;/strong&gt;: Que se alimenta de vegetales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-27T06:29:10.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25555" CreationDate="2018-03-20T13:38:34.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que no es necesario inventar un nuevo término cuando en español hay al menos dos palabras para designar a quien solo come vegetales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera palabra es &lt;strong&gt;herbívoro&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En zoología ya se distinguen tres grupos de animales dependiendo de su dieta: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KBY2Su7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;herbívoros&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7clktQp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carnívoros&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R3CMkiN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;omnívoros&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un herbívoro es un animal que se alimenta exclusivamente de plantas y no de carne (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.portaleducativo.net/cuarto-basico/623/Animales-carnivoros-herbivoros-omnivoros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ref&lt;/a&gt;), que es exactamente lo que hoy llamamos un vegetariano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZB8MW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZB8MW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Clasificación según alimentación&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los humanos pertenecemos al último grupo, por comer de todo, pero si dejamos de comer carne nos devolvemos al primero, al cual pertenecen por ejemplo los gorilas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda opción es el término &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I1FW4uc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fitófago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; aunque suena un poco técnico. Sus componentes léxicos son:  &lt;em&gt;phyton&lt;/em&gt; (vegetal) y &lt;em&gt;phagein&lt;/em&gt; (comer), más el sufijo -o (agente, el que hace la acción) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?fito.fago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ref&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la RAE está definida así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De&lt;/code&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;fito-&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;‒́fago&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que se alimenta de materias vegetales. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-27T13:21:20.863" LastActivityDate="2019-06-27T13:21:20.863" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25560" CreationDate="2018-03-20T14:58:12.960" Score="4" ViewCount="2965" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/295446/37429&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Great minds think alike&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a humorous expression to use when you find someone else doing or thinking the same exact thing you were.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like it very much, because it is funny and also kind of flattering to the person you are talking to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are in your work and you propose picking up a screwdriver to mend the coffee machine. At the same exact moment, somebody appears with that. Ha! You say &lt;em&gt;great minds think alike&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if Spanish has any similar idiom. &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los genios pensamos igual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is the direct translation, but does not sound that well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T08:38:16.340" Title="Is there any idiom in Spanish for 'great minds think alike'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25548" CreationDate="2018-03-20T15:11:55.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am afraid you will have to learn which verbs are reflexive by heart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish some verbs are just reflexive and need this reflexive particle, which for the 3rd person is &quot;se&quot;. You would as well say &quot;me he secado&quot; when referring to the first person or &quot;no uses la toalla, sécate al sol&quot; for the 2nd person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some verbs which are usually reflexive :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;aburrirse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to get bored&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;durcharse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to get a shower&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;enamorarse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to fall in love&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;reirse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to laugh&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are verbs which have different meanings, depending on wether you use them in reflexive form or not. Some of these verbs I can think of right now would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;irse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to go away&lt;/em&gt;, against &quot;ir&quot; &lt;em&gt;to go&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;dormirse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to fall asleep&lt;/em&gt;, against &quot;dormir&quot; &lt;em&gt;to sleep&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;meterse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to take on somebody&lt;/em&gt;, against &quot;meter&quot; &lt;em&gt;to introduce&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;encontrarse&quot; &lt;em&gt;to meet&lt;/em&gt;, against &quot;encontrar&quot; &lt;em&gt;to find&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not clear to me whether these usages are intransitive or the direct object refers to the subject. I think it is easier to remember that usage is like this. Some verbs are reflexive, some aren't, some can have it both ways, and their meaning can change quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find a good explanation &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unc.edu/~gosialee/verbosreflexivos.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-25T20:58:24.427" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T20:58:24.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25558" CreationDate="2018-03-20T15:28:56.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The whole english saying is &quot;Great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ&quot;. You could translate this as &quot;Las grandes mentes piensan igual. Y los tontos rara vez difieren&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tons of pages in spanish referring to this english proverb. For example &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.elpais.es/elenigma/2006/08/grandes_mentes_.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T08:38:16.340" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T08:38:16.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25548" CreationDate="2018-03-20T15:56:30.110" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer is: you have to learn it by heart. Longer answer follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a certain pattern you can take advantage of. &lt;em&gt;Secar&lt;/em&gt; belongs to the same group as &lt;em&gt;abrir, cerrar, quemar, arrojar, derrumbar&lt;/em&gt; and a lot of others verbs that are transitive when used as such, and intransitive when followed by the reflexive pronoun. Therefore they're a type within so-called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pronominal_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pronominal verbs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. You'll find these marked as such in dictionaries. The DLE (the dictionary of the Royal Academy) marks them as &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; (transitive) followed by &lt;em&gt;U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;úsase también como pronominal&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;used also as pronominal&quot;. This is not exactly helpful for a foreign language student.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases the English equivalents of these verbs are also ambitransitive, although English doesn't mark the intransitive usage with a pronoun: such is the case of &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; &quot;open, open up&quot;, &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;close, close down&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases English might prefer an active vs. passive alternation: for both &lt;em&gt;quemar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;quemarse&lt;/em&gt; English has &quot;burn&quot;, but a natural translation will often use &quot;get burned&quot; for Spanish &lt;em&gt;quemarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What these verbs have in common, semantically, is that the patient of the action is obligatory (i.e. the door or window that opens or closes for &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; must appear somewhere because it's central to the action), while the agent (the one who opens or closes the door or window) is not. If you choose to specify the agent, then you have the plain verb in a transitive sentence: &lt;em&gt;Ella cerró la puerta&lt;/em&gt; &quot;She closed the door.&quot; If you don't specify the agent because you want to emphasize that the event took place spontaneously (or the agent is inanimate, such as the wind), then you use the intransitive pronominal verb: &lt;em&gt;La puerta se cerró&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The door closed.&quot; (But addenda below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very close to what's called &lt;em&gt;voz pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;, which is the structure used in sentences such as &lt;em&gt;La casa ya se vendió&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The house is already sold.&quot; It's subtly different because in this case it's obvious that the house didn't sell itself: it was sold by some animate agent. But the syntax is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDENDUM: As pointed out in the comments, &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; without &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; can also be intransitive: &lt;em&gt;El museo abre a las 11.&lt;/em&gt; The same goes for &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt;. This somewhat complicates the issue. Note however that this intransitive use of &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt; is only employed together with a reference to the time or manner of the action, as in &lt;em&gt;La puerta abre hacia adentro.&lt;/em&gt; It also suggests habitual action (&lt;em&gt;El museo abre a las 11&lt;/em&gt; means the museum always opens at 11; &lt;em&gt;La puerta abre hacia adentro&lt;/em&gt; means the door is built in such a way that it always opens towards the inside). Such complication doesn't exist with other verbs like &lt;em&gt;derrumbar&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;derrumbarse&lt;/em&gt; (English: &quot;to bring down&quot; ~ &quot;to come down&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-25T20:48:29.820" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T20:48:29.820" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19411" CreationDate="2018-03-20T16:35:43.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un bombero es un técnico de rescate y emergencias, por lo que sus actuaciones priorizan salvar vidas y evitar males mayores frente a minimizar daños. Así, una actuación típica de un bombero sería tirar una puerta para rescatar a alguien. Cuando esta manera de pensar se aplica fuera de una situación de emergencia se dice que es una &quot;idea de bombero jubilado&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19041" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T16:35:43.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25551" CreationDate="2018-03-21T00:10:08.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To figure this out, it's useful to look carefully at the sentence in Spanish.  (Side benefit of this approach: once you understand what's modifying what, it will be easier to translate the sentence.)  Here's your original sentence again: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te divertirás mucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For it to be an adverb, we should look for a verb that it modifies.  Candidate: &quot;te diverterás&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for it to be an adjective, we should look for a noun that it modifies.  Problem: there aren't any nouns that that we can quantify as &lt;em&gt;much, many&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;few&lt;/em&gt;.  The only noun here is the implied &quot;you&quot; (&quot;tú&quot;).  It doesn't make any sense to modify a person with &quot;mucho.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, by elimination, &quot;mucho&quot; is modifying the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A translation to English of the sentence that might help in your thinking about it might be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You won't entertain yourself &lt;strong&gt;a lot&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &quot;a lot&quot; is an adverb that modifies &quot;entertain yourself.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sure, what this means in practice is &quot;you won't have much fun,&quot; but a translation that mirrors the original syntax more closely can make it easier to understand how the sentence is put together.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T00:10:08.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25541" CreationDate="2018-03-21T00:23:41.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertulia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;tertulia&lt;/strong&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a social gathering with literary or artistic overtones, especially in Iberia or in Latin America. Tertulia also means an informal meeting of people to talk about current affairs, arts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a much more charming word than &lt;em&gt;party&lt;/em&gt;.  It has an old-fashioned feel to it.  I get particular pleasure out of looking at a grouping of birds and commenting to my son that they are having &lt;em&gt;una tertulia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T00:23:41.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25548" CreationDate="2018-03-21T00:31:06.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This type of use of &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; can be thought of in English as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to become&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;to get&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me aburro | I become/get bored&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me canso | I become/get tired&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me impaciento | I become/get impatient (also, of course: I'm getting impatient)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the clothing -- it &lt;strong&gt;becomes&lt;/strong&gt; dry.  Also, it gets dry; it's getting dry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T00:31:06.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25622" CreationDate="2018-03-21T05:28:27.940" Score="4" ViewCount="731" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay algunas reglas que rijan sea o no una frase verbal se puede dividir por su sujeto?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in a previous question, I came upon a couple of sentences in a textbook (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chegg.com/textbooks/spanish-grammar-in-context-2nd-edition-9780340958759-0340958758&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar in Context,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) that left me with some questions about word order in Spanish.  It was in an exercise where students were asked to rewrite a sentence beginning with the underlined word.  One of the sentences was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muchos inmigrantes v̲i̲e̲n̲e̲n̲ a trabajar en los campos freseros.*&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 225)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Many immigrants come to work in strawberry fields.†&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*The underlined word was “vienen.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;†My translation.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below, I will give the answer provided, then my answer, and my translations for each.  I believe this particular sentence involves one or both of the following rules from the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Although the verb usually follows the subject, as it does in English, for emphasis or focus[,] different elements within the sentence can be placed in initial position.&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 223)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the subject is much longer than the verb … the tendency is to have the verb in initial position.&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 223)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ANSWER KEY: Vienen muchos inmigrantes a trabajar en los campos freseros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: Many come to work in strawberry fields.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*This is exactly the same translation as used for the original sentence, but anything else just sounds really unnatural to me in English.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MY ANSWER: Vienen a trabajar muchos inmigrantes en los campos freseros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRANSLATION: Many immigrants come to work in strawberry fields.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Again, this is exactly the same translation as used for the original sentence, and the one for the answer provided, but anything else just sounds really unnatural to me in English.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After discovering that my answer differed from the one found in the book, I began to wonder, &lt;em&gt;Well, is my version incorrect then?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to some Google searches, maybe not correct, but not all that common either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/kjmrLGE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an attempt to find out, I decided to come up with similar phrasing using different word combinations and run them through Google to see what I might find.  Discoveries can be seen in the image below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/oXftF0I.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I got to thinking that maybe I was too focused on the prepositional aspect and not focused enough on the type or meaning of the words used in the book’s example, namely, the characteristics of the verb “venir”.  The verb “venir” sometimes serves as a verb of motion and there are other ones like it, such as: ir, volver, salir, and llegar.  So, I did a few more experiments and it certainly does appear that there are more instances of the construct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CONJUGATED VERB – SUBJECT – PREPOSITION + INFINITIVE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when “llegar” and “ir” are the conjugated verbs.  The verb “salir” seems to fit this mold but perhaps moreso when used with verbs more seemingly linked to physical motion, but truth be told, no strong, clear patterns emerged for me with this verb.  The image below shows each of these five verbs of motion and some random combinations using the three constructs referenced:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUBJECT — CONJUGATED VERB — PREPOSITION — + INFINITIVE&lt;br&gt;&#xA;CONJUGATED VERB — SUBJECT — PREPOSITION + INFINITIVE&lt;br&gt;&#xA;CONJUGATED VERB — PREPOSITION + INFINITIVE — SUBJECT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/VOU4ekq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the rows highlighted in the darker shade of green (grass green, perhaps?), I readily concede that the word “muchos” may, in fact be, a direct object and not the subject.  Still, it would seem to me that the answer provided by the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/NrEgIIG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a rather rare construction for most verbs and should be used with caution.  Does anyone have any good advice or rules of thumb on when deviations from the normal word order&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUBJECT — VERB — OBJECT &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are acceptable apart from the usual such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to emphasize a word or element  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with short sentences  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the subject is much longer than the verb  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;within a clause  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, are there any known verbs or types of verbs that are more commonly used in a construct that deviates from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUBJECT — VERB — OBJECT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a broader understanding than what my example covers, please don't limit yourself to that question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, since I saw some evidence that my answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vienen a trabajar muchos …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;appears to be in usage to some degree, is it something that could at least be considered grammatically correct?  What about the sound of it?  Does it sound natural?  What about any of the examples in the verbs of motion chart?  Especially with regard to those that yielded few or no results, would any be considered grammatically correct?  Do any sound natural to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como mencioné en una pregunta anterior, me encontré con un par de frases en un libro de texto que me dejó con algunas preguntas sobre el orden de las palabras en español.  Estaba haciendo un ejercicio donde se pide a los estudiantes que reescriban una oración comenzando con la palabra subrayada.  Una de las oraciones fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muchos inmigrantes v̲i̲e̲n̲e̲n̲ a trabajar en los campos freseros.*&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 225)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Many immigrants come to work in strawberry fields.†&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*La palabra subrayada fue “vienen.”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;†Mi traducción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abajo, daré la respuesta proporcionada, después mi respuesta y mis traducciones para cada una.  Creo que esta oración en particular involucra una o ambas de las siguientes reglas del libro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aunque el verbo suele seguir el sujeto, como lo hace en inglés, para dar énfasis o foco, elementos diferentes en la oración se pueden colocar en la posición inicial.&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 223)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si el sujeto es mucho más largo que el verbo … la tendencia es tener el verbo en posición inicial.&lt;/strong&gt; (p. 223)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOJA DE RESPUESTAS: Vienen muchos inmigrantes a trabajar en los campos freseros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: Many come to work in strawberry fields.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Ésta es exactamente la misma traducción utilizada para la oración original, pero cualquier otra cosa simplemente me suena muy poco natural.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MI RESPUESTA: Vienen a trabajar muchos inmigrantes en los campos freseros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;TRADUCCIÓN: Many immigrants come to work in strawberry fields.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Otra vez, ésta es exactamente la misma traducción utilizada para la oración original, y la de la respuesta proporcionada, pero cualquier otra cosa me suena muy poco natural a mí en inglés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de descubrir que mi respuesta difiere de la que está en el libro, comencé a preguntarme, &lt;em&gt;Pues, es mi versión incorrecta entonces?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según una búsqueda de Google, quizás no incorrecto, pero poco común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un intento de averiguar, decidí crear frases similares utilizando combinaciones diferentes de palabras y pasarlas por Google para ver lo que podría encontrar.  Mis descubrimientos pueden verse en la siguiente imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me puse a pensar que quizás estaba demasiado centrada en el aspecto preposicional y no lo suficiente en el tipo o sentido de las palabras utilizadas en el ejemplo del libro, es decir, las características del verbo “venir”.  El verbo “venir” a veces sirve como un verbo de movimiento y hay verbos similares como sí como: “ir”, “volver”, “salir”, y “llegar”.  Entonces, hice unos pocos experimentos más y ciertamente parece que hay más casos de la construcción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VERBO CONJUGADO — SUJETO — PREPOSICIÓN + INFINITIVO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando “llegar”, o “ir”, son los verbos conjugados.  El verbo “salir” parece encajar en esta matriz, pero quizás más cuando es utilizado con verbos que son más aparentemente vinculados a movimiento físico, pero la verdad sea dicha ningunas pautas fuertes o claras aparecieron para mí con este verbo.  La siguiente imagen muestra cada uno de estos cinco verbos de movimiento y algunas combinaciones al azar de las tres formas referenciadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUJETO — VERBO CONJUGADO — PREPOSICIÓN + INFINITIVO&lt;br&gt;&#xA;VERBO CONJUGADO — SUJETO — PREPOSICIÓN + INFINITIVO&lt;br&gt;&#xA;VERBO CONJUGADO — PREPOSICIÓN + INFINITIVO — SUJETO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las filas resaltadas en el tono de verde más oscuro (verde hierba, quizás), reconozco abiertamente que la palabra “muchos” de hecho, puede ser, un objeto directo y no el sujeto.  Todavía, a mí me parece que la respuesta proporcionada por el libro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/NrEgIIG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una construcción bastante rara para la mayoría de verbos y debería utilizarse con prudencia.  ¿Alguien tiene algún buen consejo o reglas prácticas para cuando desviaciones del orden normal de las palabras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUJETO — VERBO — OBJETO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son aceptables aparte de lo normal como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar énfasis a una palabra o elemento&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;con frases cortas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;si el sujeto es mucho más largo que el verbo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dentro de una cláusula&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en preguntas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿hay verbos conocidos o tipos de verbos que son más comúnmente usado s en un constructo que se desvía de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUJETO — VERBO — OBJETO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tienes una comprensión más amplia que lo que mi ejemplo cubre, por favor, no te limites a esa pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, desde que vi pruebas que mi respuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vienen a trabajar muchos …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece ser en uso en cierta medida, ¿es algo que podría al menos considerarse gramaticalmente correcto?  Y, ¿cómo le suenan a ustedes?  ¿Suena natural?  ¿Qué hay de los otros ejemplos en el gráfico con los verbos de movimiento?  Especialmente con respecto a aquellos que dieron pocos o sin resultados, ¿podrían ser considerados gramaticalmente correctos?  ¿Algunos les suenan natural a ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T21:48:38.800" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T08:02:20.353" Title="Are there any rules governing whether or not a verbal phrase can be split by its subject?" Tags="&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos-auxiliares&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="17" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-21T07:17:27.257" Score="4" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es conocido que los infinitivos de los verbos pueden generar sustantivos. Así, podemos decir &lt;em&gt;su &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2ZIziL7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;andar&lt;/a&gt; pausado&lt;/em&gt;, e incluso pluralizar el infinitivo y decir &lt;em&gt;del cerdo me gustan hasta sus andares&lt;/em&gt;. Igualmente, de los participios se generan adjetivos (acabo de descubrir &lt;em&gt;colorado&lt;/em&gt;, que originalmente viene de &lt;em&gt;colorar&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;dar color&quot;) e incluso sustantivos también: &lt;em&gt;las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KtHnYZs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idas&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bXk0MKK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;venidas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el otro día se nos dio en el &lt;em&gt;translation-golf&lt;/em&gt; un caso de licencia poética que consistió en algo parecido a esto (no fue exactamente así, lo cambio para plantear mejor la pregunta):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Original: &lt;em&gt;I wander the seemingly dark future.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Traducción: &lt;em&gt;Vago por el oscuro será.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la búsqueda de un sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;futuro&lt;/em&gt; se planteó el uso de &lt;em&gt;será&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo, usando la tercera persona del singular del futuro de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. Dejando de lado la posible validez de la licencia poética, quería aprovechar para preguntar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe en el diccionario recogido algún caso como el descrito, de alguna forma verbal conjugada en un tiempo con persona y número, que se haya convertido en un sustantivo? Si no, ¿existe en algún corpus de referencia (CORDE/CREA o similar) algún caso de licencia poética similar a la descrita?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio sopesé la posibilidad de la primera persona del indicativo (&lt;code&gt;pasar &amp;gt; yo paso &amp;gt; un paso&lt;/code&gt;), pero en estos casos la dirección suele ser al revés: del sustantivo se crea el verbo (&lt;code&gt;paso &amp;gt; pasar&lt;/code&gt; al igual que &lt;code&gt;tuit &amp;gt; tuitear&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T04:20:51.557" Title="¿Existe algún caso de sustantivo que proceda de una forma conjugada de un verbo?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25567" CreationDate="2018-03-21T11:37:34.520" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RRtG8qr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pagaré&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; 1. m. Papel de obligación por una cantidad que ha de pagarse a tiempo determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T11:37:34.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-21T14:54:48.040" Score="4" ViewCount="3759" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mirando el diccionario vemos dos definiciones de palabras parecidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9WCAeFL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coadyuvar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De co- y el lat. adiuvāre 'ayudar'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. intr. Contribuir o ayudar a que algo se realice o tenga lugar. &lt;em&gt;Su conducta coadyuvó a despertar sospechas&lt;/em&gt;. Era usado también como transitivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4cSgffR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ayudar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. adiutāre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Prestar cooperación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Auxiliar, socorrer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. prnl. Hacer un esfuerzo, poner los medios para el logro de algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. prnl. Valerse de la cooperación o ayuda de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología es muy parecida (una surge de la otra), pero &lt;em&gt;coadyuvar&lt;/em&gt; la suelo encontrar en textos más técnicos (véanse las &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/buscador/?qt=coadyuvar&amp;amp;sf=1&amp;amp;np=1&amp;amp;bu=ep&amp;amp;of=html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entradas del diario El País donde aparece&lt;/a&gt;, generalmente de temas legales). Pese a ello, el DPD tampoco habla sobre este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=coadyuvar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coadyuvar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. ‘Contribuir o ayudar a la consecución de algo’. Es intransitivo y se construye con un complemento introducido por a o, a veces, en: «&lt;em&gt;La consigna es coadyuvar a una gestación más feliz&lt;/em&gt;» (RdgzEglis Educación [Arg. 1985]); «&lt;em&gt;Manifiesto mi voluntad de coadyuvar en la aclaración de esta situación&lt;/em&gt;» (Proceso [Méx.] 17.11.96). Son incorrectas las formas coadyudar o coayudar, fruto del cruce con ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayor fuente de conocimiento al respecto de su diferencia la encontré &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080319230739AAjxFPV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Yahoo respuestas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre ayudar y coadyuvar?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — unas cuantas letras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿existe alguna diferencia entre ambos conceptos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T15:30:57.110" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T05:55:26.337" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;ayudar&quot; y &quot;coadyuvar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21855" CreationDate="2018-03-21T15:34:04.383" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, &quot;y pico&quot; hace alusión más bien a unas horas tardías, por ejemplo las 7:50.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19047" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T16:35:38.687" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T16:35:38.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2018-03-21T15:41:53.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of quick observations/clarifications:&#xA;First, the difference between the terms &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt; is very much the same as the difference between the terms &lt;em&gt;British&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt;. One could just as easily call refer to the English language as the British language. Why is this generally not done? Simply political/historical reasons. People in Britain just don't like the implications of doing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, the argument that &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt; is more ambiguous than &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; is pretty gratuitous. The RAE makes this argument for transparently political reasons. &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; is at least as ambiguous in that it no more refers to a static entity than &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt; does. The term &lt;em&gt;English&lt;/em&gt; could be considered even more ambiguous than &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt; as the English language has changed even more than &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple reality is that &lt;em&gt;Castellano&lt;/em&gt; is the more specific term whereas &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; is the more nationalistic term. Biased arguments aside, which one is more &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt; is really more a question of custom, which varies greatly across the Spanish-speaking world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19048" LastActivityDate="2018-03-21T15:41:53.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-21T20:47:56.950" Score="8" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andaba cerrando un negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I take this to mean literally &quot;I was walking closing a deal.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please explain this sentence where it makes a little more sense? Is that just the way it is when you're closing something down or some reason that &lt;em&gt;andaba&lt;/em&gt; is being used here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19053" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T11:56:14.883" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T11:56:14.883" Title="&quot;Andaba&quot; with &quot;cerrando&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25573" CreationDate="2018-03-21T21:50:15.237" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund is a kind of progressive construction, just like &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund (&lt;em&gt;estaba cerrando un negocio&lt;/em&gt;). They are close in meaning but not identical. In English you would probably translate both using &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andaba cerrando un negocio&lt;/em&gt; means something like &quot;I was trying to close a deal&quot; or &quot;I was in the (somewhat convoluted or protracted or interrupted) process of closing a deal&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Andar&lt;/em&gt; works like an auxiliary verb (though you won't find it as such in a basic grammar textbook); note, it has nothing to do with &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; in its &quot;to walk&quot; meaning (although it doesn't exclude the possibility that the action involves walking or moving around, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española (NGLE), &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund is a &quot;frequentative periphrasis&quot;. It says the phrase does not imply that the action or process is finished, and that it describes &quot;situations that develop with interruptions or intermittently&quot;. (This is all on p. 2198 and 2199 of the NGLE, which is unfortunately not accessible directly, but if you're interested, you can go to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;search page&lt;/a&gt; and look for the phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;andar haciendo algo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T03:46:11.790" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T03:46:11.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25579" CreationDate="2018-03-21T22:04:09.127" Score="2" ViewCount="5940" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am American learning Spanish on Duolingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to understand the difference between vosotros (they all) and ellos/ellas/Ustedes (they all)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is vosotros informal, whereas ellos/ellas/Ustedes is formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19054" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T22:09:08.703" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T18:07:14.400" Title="Difference between Vosotros and ellos/ellas/Ustedes" Tags="&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-03-26T18:50:51.917" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-22T01:02:17.720" Score="5" ViewCount="5496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber cuál es el significado de la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;checar el aceite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Entiendo que es mexicana, aunque también puede que se use en otros países de latinoamérica en su forma de jerga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que ha de tener que ver con algo de índole sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mayor contexto, la expresión está en la canción de Molotov &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/molotov/26646/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quitate Que Ma'sturbas (Perra Arrabalera)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensaste que yo quería contigo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Buscando el anillo que se le perdió a un amigo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No sabes ni cuánto me divierte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que me quieras tanto por &lt;strong&gt;checarte el aceite&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ese contexto no creo que tenga nada que ver con algo como &quot;comprobar los niveles de aceite de un coche&quot;, que es el significado más habitual sin jerga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19057" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:00:13.453" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T20:54:49.090" Title="Significado como jerga de &quot;checar el aceite&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25577" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25585" CreationDate="2018-03-22T02:09:00.537" Score="3" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Everybody dance when Walen translate&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He won this game!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game!&#xA;If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this time, to continue the &lt;em&gt;comics line&lt;/em&gt;, i'm gonna propose this song from 'One froggy evening' with a song written for this comic, that you can hear &lt;a href=&quot;https://soundcloud.com/tom-sandman-1/michigan-rag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The version to translate is these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Everybody do the Michigan Rag&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Everybody likes the Michigan Rag&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Every Mame and Jane and Ruth&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  From Weehawken to Duluth&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Stomp, romp, pomp the Michigan&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Jump, clump, pump the Michigan Rag&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  That lovin' rag!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(160 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a (non-golfed) example translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Todo el mundo hace el &lt;em&gt;Michigan Rag&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; A Todo el mundo le fascina el &lt;em&gt;Michigan Rag&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; A todas, a Jane, a Mame y a Ruth&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Desde Weehawken hasta Duluth&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Contonea, zarandea y pisotea en el &lt;em&gt;Michigan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Respinga, estruja y zapatea en el &lt;em&gt;Michigan Rag&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; ¡Que hermoso el &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(195 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-04-01T00:32:43.783" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T00:32:43.783" Title="Translation Golf XXXVI - Everybody do the Translation Golf!" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-22T02:32:45.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25578" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-22T02:20:16.027" Score="5" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien mezcla arroz y frijoles, mi esposa llama el resultado &lt;em&gt;sambumbo&lt;/em&gt;.  Emplea la palabra en otras situaciones también, cuando ciertos ingredientes han sido mezclados de una forma improvisada por la persona que va a comer.  No la usaría cuando alguien sigue una receta.  En fin, tiene una idea intuitiva del significado de la palabra, pero no es tan fácil definirla más formalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es relevante, ella es del Estado de México pero la familia de su papá es de Guerrero, México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas son las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo debe escribirse?  Cuento 32 posiblidades.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe una definición establecida por lexicógrafos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál será su etimología?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T23:07:47.700" Title="arroz y frijoles: sambumbo" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25575" CreationDate="2018-03-22T03:32:51.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Meaning&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; is the plural informal &amp;quot;you&amp;quot; in some countries.  In other countries, instead of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, people say &amp;quot;ustedes.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in all countries, the plural &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;you&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;ustedes.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should pick the regional variant you want to concentrate on learning, and stick consistently with that; and make sure that your learning materials match up with your target variant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Conjugating verbs&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you conjugate a verb with &amp;quot;ustedes&amp;quot;?  Exactly the same as for &lt;em&gt;ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why, when you read a conjugation table, you'll see &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; listed in the same section of the table as &lt;em&gt;ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt;.  But the meaning is different, as explained above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Informal plural you&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Countries that use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo y Carmela, ¿vosotros &lt;strong&gt;queréis&lt;/strong&gt; acompañarnos? | &lt;em&gt;Do you (plural, informal) want to come with us?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Countries that don't use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pablo y Carmela, ¿ustedes &lt;strong&gt;quieren&lt;/strong&gt; acompañarnos? | &lt;em&gt;Do you (plural, informal) want to come with us?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Formal plural you&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don Roberto, ¿usted y su esposa &lt;strong&gt;quieren&lt;/strong&gt; acompañarnos? | &lt;em&gt;Do you (plural, formal) want to come with us?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel y sus hermanos &lt;strong&gt;quieren&lt;/strong&gt; acompañarnos. | &lt;em&gt;They want to come with us.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note.  If you want to communicate with people in or from Spain, learn &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;.  Otherwise you can skip it.  For more details about &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; regions, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8576/9385&quot;&gt;Is Spain the only country that uses &amp;quot;vosotros&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;you all&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T03:41:12.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25567" CreationDate="2018-03-22T04:20:51.557" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;He aquí varios ejemplos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VQqFgpI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recibí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Fórmula que, situada delante de la firma en ciertos documentos, expresa que se ha recibido lo que en ellos se indica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=08LZSqv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abonaré&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; pagaré.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BfkIWne&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cúmplase&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Decreto que se ponía en el título de los funcionarios públicos para que pudiesen tomar posesión del cargo o destino que se&#xA;les había conferido. &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Fórmula que ponen los presidentes de&#xA;algunas repúblicas americanas al pie de las leyes cuando se publican.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S3crNF0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pase&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Permiso que da una autoridad para usar un privilegio, licencia o gracia. &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; salvoconducto (‖ documento). &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Licencia que permite el libre tránsito de personas o cosas por diversos lugares a fin de realizar ciertas actividades. &lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; pase que da el Estado a los rescriptos y bulas pontificias y a los agentes extranjeros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T04:20:51.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2018-03-22T05:47:25.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've dealt with people of the north of México (because of my job) and at the begining I thought the same as you, but let me tell you something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is not an absolute answer, it is not a conclusive &lt;em&gt;true&lt;/em&gt; or a conclusive &lt;em&gt;false&lt;/em&gt;, everything is relative and depends on many things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if you are not familiarized with high tones of voice it would be a &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; for you, but, if you do, the situation could be anything and normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Culture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The way you relate with other people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication occurs from verbal and not verbal ways.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the result of the communication is based in the answer you received, I mean, everything is part of the interpretation we give or/and the context we are prepared to exposed to other people. Under the context of your example I would say, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zd7URvOunvY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;It's not personal it's Strictly business&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14481" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T05:47:25.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-22T06:15:02.407" Score="1" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading a certain set of kindergarten/lower primary maths textbooks that is written by North American authors for a European company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever students are asked to identify the number of rectangles in a given picture, the answer booklet gives the number of oblongs instead of the number of rectangles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the topic may be too advanced for kindergarten students, the maths textbooks indeed explicitly say at the bottom of the first page of a textbook at the very first level to tell students that squares are special types of rectangles, where levels 1-4 are for kindergarten students.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the accompany guide for teachers devotes a whole page of discussion as to how to teach that squares are special types of rectangles. There's even a paragraph about teaching to kindergarten students. The authors/some of the co-authors of the teacher guides are also authors/co-authors of the textbooks. They have also said that if students are taught that squares are not rectangles, then they will have misconceptions later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps, the ones who wrote the answer booklets were not fluent in English while the ones who wrote the textbooks were.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[picture with 4 circles, 2 triangles, 3 square rectangles, 2 oblong rectangles for a total of 5 rectangles]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Circle ___&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Triangle ___&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Square ___&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rectangle ___&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer key would give only the numbers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the last line is wrong since it should be 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could this happen in Spanish? Or a Spanish dialect? I mean, is there something specific about the translations of any of the following words 'rectangle, square, oblong, quadrilateral, quadrangle, parallelogram, trapezoid/trapezium, rhombus' that would cause such confusion? I guess the translator/s thought that when English speakers say 'rectangle', it means 'oblong in their language/dialect, but I don't see that as specifically a problem for this particular language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I'm a monolinguist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/13700/in-what-curricula-are-rectangles-defined-so-as-to-exclude-squares&quot;&gt;In what curricula are “rectangles” defined so as to exclude squares?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19051" LastEditorUserId="19051" LastEditDate="2021-04-10T11:59:32.583" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T11:59:32.583" Title="Could a translation error lead to squares to not be considered as rectangles?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="14" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-03-29T21:44:29.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25583" CreationDate="2018-03-22T08:15:13.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation of the solution is right.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I wouldn't say that the translation of the &lt;em&gt;exercise&lt;/em&gt; is grammatically wrong, but it doesn't agree with that of the solution (which is right) so... it'd probably be better to rewrite the exercise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you call &quot;oblong rectangle&quot; is what in Spanish is considered a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VWKcB1u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rectángulo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: a parallelogram with four right angles in which contiguous sides are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; of the same length.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Rectángulo&lt;/em&gt; can also be used as an adjective to mean any figure with right angles (so &quot;right triangle&quot; would be &lt;em&gt;triángulo rectángulo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) but, as a noun, it is specifically a rectangle (an oblong one, I mean).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you call &quot;square rectangle&quot; is what in Spanish is considered a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BPG9fIn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuadrado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: a figure with four equal-length sides and four right angles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes: &lt;strong&gt;the picture contains &lt;em&gt;4 círculos, 2 triángulos, 3 cuadrados y 2 rectángulos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Re: squares being just a type of rectangle: geometrically speaking, probably yes, and mathematicians might use the word &lt;em&gt;rectángulo&lt;/em&gt; in a square-inclusive sense, but the relevance of such a concept outside of the field of Pure Maths and the usefulness of teaching it to little kids are off-topic here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T12:37:40.780" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T12:37:40.780" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25577" CreationDate="2018-03-22T08:56:26.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;28&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Bailad Michigan Rag, a todos gusta!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T08:56:26.940" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-22T08:56:26.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25577" CreationDate="2018-03-22T09:13:53.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;38 caracteres, &lt;em&gt;walen style&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Saltad al son del &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan_J._Frog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michigan&lt;/a&gt;, todos lo aman!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dejo aquí mi primer intento de traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;102 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos bailando el &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt; de Michigan,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a todos les gusta,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  todas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E8yw125&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doquier&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pisad, brincad, gritad,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  saltad, trotad, dadle al &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡lo amo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo importante en este caso no creo que sea respetar los nombres incluidos en la letra, más allá del nombre del propio &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt;, sino mantener las ideas presentadas (lo baila cualquier mujer, se baila en todas partes, etc.). Siguiendo esa idea, el verso &lt;em&gt;Every Mame and Jane and Ruth&lt;/em&gt; como habla de nombres de mujer se traduce simplemente por &lt;em&gt;todas&lt;/em&gt;, y el siguiente verso habla de que se bailan en todas partes, así que se traduce por &lt;em&gt;por doquier&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El término &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragtime&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;ragtime&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ragged-time&lt;/em&gt;, siendo &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt; la abreviatura. No tiene traducción al español, así que lo dejo como &lt;em&gt;rag&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T07:31:17.967" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T07:31:17.967" CommentCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-22T09:13:53.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25576" CreationDate="2018-03-22T12:09:12.363" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Claramente tiene una connotación: penetrar con el pene y, de forma más genérica, fornicar, follar, hacer el amor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno quiere mirar el nivel de aceite del motor, lo que hace es introducir una varilla muy fina en el depósito y después ver cuánto ha quedado mojado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/X582R.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/X582Rl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Véase por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyFuFTxkwEA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un vídeo&lt;/a&gt; en el que documentan cómo se revisa el aceite... en un coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El paralelismo con la penetración con pene es bastante directo: lo que el grupo Molotov quiere decir con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sabes ni cuánto me divierte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que me quieras tanto por checarte el aceite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es mostrar (además de un profundo desprecio) la sorpresa porque una chica quiera al protagonista de la canción, cuando este objeta que lo único que hace con ella es fornicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Publicado en Reddit, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/mexico/comments/86b12b/qu%C3%A9_significado_tiene_checar_el_aceite_en_una/dw3mkfs/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;me comentan&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;em&gt;Sexo anal generalmente nunca va a involucrar excremento, pero existe en la imaginación ese idea que vas a insertar tu vara, sacarlo y ver hasta donde quedó manchado&lt;/em&gt;. Por ello, este &lt;em&gt;checar el aceite&lt;/em&gt; podría referirse al sexo anal. Sin embargo, me extrañaría la referencia tan explícita, dado que el resto de la canción no tiene referencias. Más bien al contrario, dice &lt;em&gt;Por ahí me dijo un fulano que ahora te gusta tambien por el ano ya no controlas tu calentura&lt;/em&gt;, lo que descartaría que el autor de la canción se refiriera a ese tipo de sexo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8gRRZ3I&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;checar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece ser únicamente propio de México según el DLE (de todo Centroamérica &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=checar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DAMER&lt;/a&gt;), donde se utiliza como sinónimo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8hGjJNl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chequear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que a su vez es un anglicismo para designar &lt;em&gt;Examinar, controlar o cotejar algo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También recoge el DAMER otra acepción, esta únicamente propia de México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Mx. Juntar, combinar adecuadamente una cosa con otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:59:32.613" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:59:32.613" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25588" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-03-22T12:21:55.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español, y otra en catalán. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:54:45.523" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:54:45.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25589" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-03-22T12:21:55.653" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y catalán. // Preguntes sobre la relació entre l'espanyol i el català." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:54:33.970" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:54:33.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25590" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25591" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y catalán. // Preguntes sobre la relació entre l'espanyol i el català. " OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T12:58:33.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14844" CreationDate="2018-03-22T17:13:54.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de la expresión &quot;Que pesado!&quot;, aquí en España cuando algo quema, decimos también que &quot;pesa&quot;, por ejemplo, cuando comes algo caliente y te preguntan como esta dices &quot;pesa un poco&quot;, de ahí a que se haya buscado un objeto caliente para designar a la persona pesada. Pero antes de evolucionar al actual &quot;dar la brasa&quot; vino el &quot;eres un brasas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19066" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T17:13:54.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25575" CreationDate="2018-03-22T18:07:14.400" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;the confusion might arise from the fact that, meanwhile &quot;usted/ustedes&quot; is the formal pronunciation of the second person pronoun(&lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;), is conjutated the same way as the third person(&lt;strong&gt;he/she/they&lt;/strong&gt;) &quot;el/ella,ellas/ellos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so to begin i will explain how the second personal pronoun (&lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt;) works in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from the less formal to the most formal: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vos/Vosotros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;this is the less formal use, you would use it in casual conversation , can be exchanged with you. additionally, this pronoun is only used by regions and has been totally removed from some countries: &#xA;  reference : &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Geographical_distribution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voseo#Geographical_distribution&lt;/a&gt;, countries that have discarded this pronoun will use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted/Ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead,&#xA;  it has its own conjugations &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (doesn't have a plural form)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;this is the most commonly accepted and used pronoun for the second person globally, it is also used for causal conversation but it adds a level of cordiality that you would use for people close to you, it has its own conjugation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted/Ustedes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;highest level of formality, you would use it with people you respect, regions where the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; has been discarded will use this to address strangers with respect, it doesn't have its own conjugation, it will use the same conjugation as the third person &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;(he/she/they)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el/ella, ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T18:07:14.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25596" CreationDate="2018-03-22T22:29:40.800" Score="2" ViewCount="3042" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace muy poco leí por primera vez la palabra &lt;strong&gt;predictible&lt;/strong&gt;. Pensé que era una palabra tomada sin necesidad de la inglesa &lt;em&gt;predictable&lt;/em&gt;, pero me sorprendió encontrarla en el DLE. Además las palabras tienen el mismo significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TxG7bBr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;predecible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que puede predecirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TxmDg0t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;predictible&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que puede predecirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se prefiere alguna palabra sobre la otra? ¿Existe alguna diferencia regional? (En Colombia parece ser más común predecible porque es la única que había oído).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T01:45:16.530" Title="¿Predecible o predictible?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25595" CreationDate="2018-03-22T23:12:37.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Google N-Grams, &lt;em&gt;predictible&lt;/em&gt; se usa mucho más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PwHEK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PwHEK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Pero también nos sugiere que es una palabra muy reciente, básicamente solo empleado en la segunda mitad del s. XX.  Por eso, imagino que la forma con &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; habrá venido del inglés (porque el francés emplea &lt;em&gt;previsible&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra tradicional en castellano).  Y como el grupo &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; es etimológico, se mantuvo sin gran problema (en las otras palabras derivadas de &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; sufrió modificaciones fonéticas &lt;em&gt;dicho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[ ct → ch ]&lt;/sub&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dicción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[ /tj/ → ci ]&lt;/sub&gt;, pero con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ible&lt;/em&gt; no las esperaríamos). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día, la forma &lt;em&gt;predicible&lt;/em&gt; —que se justifica perfectamente bien como forma derivada directamente del vocablo moderno &lt;em&gt;predecir&lt;/em&gt;— mantiene un uso proporcional de alrededor 10% frente a &lt;em&gt;predictible&lt;/em&gt;.   Pero ambas estas palabras parece quedar sin empleo frente a la palabra tradicional &lt;em&gt;previsible&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nZP0A.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nZP0A.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, como estamos hablando de dos palabras nuevas y no precisamente muy comunes, yo no creo que haya problema en usar ni una ni otra, e imagino que si hay diferencia regional, sería difícil encontrarla.  Ambas formas se justifican (algo como &lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;imprimido&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;bonísimo&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;buenísimo&lt;/em&gt;), así que tampoco hay por qué recomendar una u otra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé tradicional, latinista y mayoritarista, o sé moderno, hispanista y minorista, como lo veas ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T23:12:37.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25601" CreationDate="2018-03-23T01:22:04.723" Score="5" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo deben manejarse los nombres de ciudades o países extranjeros en títulos de canciones o de medios de comunicación que tienen equivalente en español? Por ejemplo, lo habitual es oír del &lt;em&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, del &lt;em&gt;Folha de Sao Paulo&lt;/em&gt; (En el Río de la plata es San Pablo), de &lt;em&gt;France Football&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;Deustche Welle&lt;/em&gt; o incluso de la &lt;em&gt;BBC&lt;/em&gt;, aunque en el último caso, en Wikipedia se menciona la Corporación de Radiodifusión Británica. ¿En estos casos no es necesario traducir la referencia de la ciudad o del país al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T07:11:45.297" Title="Manejo de topónimos extranjeros en títulos" Tags="&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25595" CreationDate="2018-03-23T01:45:16.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con el mapa de diccionarios, lo predecible aparece en 1992, lo predictible ya es de este milenio. Ahora, en cuanto a la frecuencia de las palabras en el idioma, Google Ngram muestra lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MEAmf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MEAmf.png&quot; alt=&quot;predecible vs predictible&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una diferencia bastante grande a favor de lo predecible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si vamos a la REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA: Banco de datos (CORDE) [en línea]. Corpus diacrónico del español. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es&lt;/a&gt; [22/III/2018], aparece 2 veces el término predecible entre 1950 y 2010, mientras que predictible no aparece.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se muestra una preferencia a lo predecible sobre lo predictible según estas fuentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T01:45:16.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25612" CreationDate="2018-03-23T02:05:55.007" Score="4" ViewCount="2031" Body="&lt;p&gt;I discovered &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_stain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article on wood stain&lt;/a&gt;, which has no Spanish wikipedia counterpart. While &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barniz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;barniz&lt;/a&gt; is the translation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varnish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varnish&lt;/a&gt;, there is no Spanish equivalent for &quot;wood stain&quot;? I read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/164482/would-you-use-tinte-to-mean-wood-stain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this discussion&lt;/a&gt; but only has 2 responses, one suggests &quot;Colorante para madera&quot; but I can't verify this translation is fit, the other suggests barniz but as I pointed in the beginning, it means varnish, which it's a different thing than wood stain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-24T03:12:15.117" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T03:12:15.117" Title="Translate &quot;wood stain&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25598" CreationDate="2018-03-23T07:06:45.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tema se trata en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fnRLvBRzvjkpodJy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;capítulo 3.2.2&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, titulado &quot;Trasferencia, traducción e hipanización de topónimos&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] podría entenderse por traducción de un topónimo su hispanización (&lt;em&gt;París&lt;/em&gt;, por &lt;em&gt;Paris&lt;/em&gt;) o su sustitución por el exónimo tradicional (&lt;em&gt;Birmania&lt;/em&gt;, en lugar de &lt;em&gt;Myanmar&lt;/em&gt;); solo cabría hablar de traducción en sentido estricto en casos como &lt;em&gt;la Selva Negra&lt;/em&gt;, por &lt;em&gt;Schwarzwald&lt;/em&gt; donde el nombre español constituye la traducción exacta de los elementos que componen el término alemán. Los topónimos que aluden en su denominación a un referente geográfico genérico que encuentra correspondencia en la realidad son más proclives a la traducción literal: así, &lt;em&gt;Costa Azul&lt;/em&gt; resulta apropiado en lugar de la expresión francesa &lt;em&gt;Côte d'Azur&lt;/em&gt;, frente a &lt;em&gt;Reinas&lt;/em&gt;, solución extraña en referencia al distrito de Nueva York llamado &lt;em&gt;Queens&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continúa la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; hablando de sustantivos referentes a accidentes geográficos: &lt;em&gt;bahía de Chesapeake&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Costa de Marfil&lt;/em&gt;, comentando que cuanto mayor es la magnitud del referente geográfico del topónimo, mayor es la frecuencia de uso de este, que tiende a adoptar y fijar una forma española. En todo caso, dice que el uso actual revela una clara predilección por la transferencia de la forma original, sobre todo cuando no existía una denominación española tradicional: &lt;em&gt;Aix-en-Provence&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Montpellier&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Plymouth&lt;/em&gt;... incluso para términos &quot;poco amigables&quot; para los españoles, aunque nos resulten poco familiares: &lt;em&gt;Daikondi&lt;/em&gt;, provincia afgana, &lt;em&gt;Vestmannaeyjar&lt;/em&gt;, islas al sur de Islandia. Algunas incluso han quedado relegadas al olvido, como &lt;em&gt;Mastrique&lt;/em&gt;, exónimo español desusado para &lt;em&gt;Maastricht&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, siempre que exista un exónimo tradicional asentado que siga vigente, esto es, que siga siendo mayoritariamente empleado por los hispanohablantes, se recomienda conservarlo [...]. No constituyen una excepción los exónimos que forman parte del nombre de equipos deportivos radicados en el lugar al que alude el topónimo: &lt;em&gt;Estrella Roja de Belgrado, Inter de Milán, Steaua de Bucarest, Juventus de Turín&lt;/em&gt;. Pese a que, en los últimos años, los medios de comunicación tienden a mantener la forma original en estas denominaciones, se recomienda emplear, cuando exista, la forma tradicional española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último párrafo responde al ejemplo que comentas del &lt;em&gt;Folha de São Paulo&lt;/em&gt;, aunque precisamente en este caso &lt;em&gt;São Paulo&lt;/em&gt; es un topónimo aceptado en español, aunque también se usa &lt;em&gt;San Pablo&lt;/em&gt;. Para el resto de casos que comentas, en realidad son casos distintos, dado que se trata de topónimos integrados en marcas registradas, y en este caso hay que respetar la denominación de dicha marca. Por tanto, hay que decir &lt;em&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt;. Para el caso de nombres de corporaciones sí se admite la traducción, como el caso de la BBC, aunque en este caso la corporación sea más conocida por sus siglas (seguramente nadie sepa qué significan en japonés las siglas de la NHK, pero muchos sabrán que es como se llama una cadena de televisión de allí). En el caso de la &lt;em&gt;Deutsche Welle&lt;/em&gt; no parece haber una traducción asentada, así que se usa el término original (y además, si dices &quot;Onda alemana&quot; se puede prestar a confusión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T07:11:45.297" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T07:11:45.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25605" CreationDate="2018-03-23T09:32:42.777" Score="2" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta cita de &lt;em&gt;Cien años de soledad&lt;/em&gt;, la cláusula dependiente ha omitido la forma conjugada de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; e hipotetizo que tiene que ver con &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; dirigiendo la oración principal. ¿Qué piensan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era en realidad una selección de clase, &lt;strong&gt;sólo que determinada&lt;/strong&gt; por&#xA;  sentimientos de amistad, pues los favorecidos no sólo eran los más&#xA;  antiguos allegados a la casa de José Arcadio Buendía desde antes de&#xA;  emprender el éxodo que culminó con la fundación de Macondo, sino que&#xA;  sus hijos y nietos eran los compañeros habituales de Aureliano y&#xA;  Arcadio desde la infancia, y sus hijas eran las únicas que visitaban&#xA;  la casa para bordar con Rebeca y Amaranta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la traducción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was truly a high-class list, except that &lt;strong&gt;it was determined&lt;/strong&gt; by&#xA;  feelings of friendship, for those favored were not only the oldest&#xA;  friends of José Arcadio Buendía’s house since before they undertook&#xA;  the exodus and the founding of Macondo, but also their sons and&#xA;  grandsons, who were the constant companions of Aureliano and Arcadio&#xA;  since infancy, and their daughters, who were the only ones who visited&#xA;  the house to embroider with Rebeca and Amaranta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T11:07:43.773" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T04:12:22.947" Title="¿Cuándo es aceptable omitir &quot;ser&quot; en frases pasivas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25603" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-23T10:01:27.890" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D2C7BXo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desgreñar&lt;/a&gt; es definido como &quot;Descomponer, desordenar los cabellos&quot;. ¿Por qué no significa ordenar los cabellos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T11:21:08.053" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:45:45.710" Title="Si &quot;greña&quot; es un enredo, ¿por qué &quot;desgreñar&quot; significa enredar algo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25603" CreationDate="2018-03-23T10:01:46.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;-Des es semejante al negativo (de) en inglés pero es un amigo falso porque también &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;indica exceso o demasía&quot;&lt;/a&gt; como deslenguado y desmigajar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para colmo de males, desentrañar, desenredar, y desenmarañar por otro lado, utilizan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CJuPwUn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;des&lt;/a&gt; como negación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T15:43:31.233" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:43:31.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25602" CreationDate="2018-03-23T11:15:21.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase en negrita no representa una oración pasiva en la versión en español. Si te fijas ahí &quot;determinada&quot; hace de adjetivo que modifica a &quot;selección&quot;, solo que omitido por no repetirlo. Una redacción más sencilla de la frase podría ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era en realidad una selección de clase determinada por sentimientos de amistad...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá la traducción al inglés podría haber sido así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was truly a high-class list, determined by feelings of friendship...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La estructura de la frase es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Aquello (sujeto omitido)] era [una selección de clase determinada por... (predicado)].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría pensar en convertir la frase a pasiva así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquella selección de clase era determinada por los sentimientos de amistad...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En contraposición a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los sentimientos de amistad... determinaban aquella selección de clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-24T03:57:34.440" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T03:57:34.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25600" CreationDate="2018-03-23T12:38:39.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm really not convinced that my answer applies to all countries. But following the links of Wikipedia I see that in French it is known as &quot;lasure&quot;. And if so, then it corresponds to what in Spanish (Chilean at least) we know as &lt;strong&gt;impregnante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ma84u.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ma84u.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T12:38:39.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14867" CreationDate="2018-03-23T13:42:32.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba, papaya se puede usar para referir a una vagina.  Entonces &quot;dar papaya&quot; toma otro sentido completamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T13:42:32.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2018-03-23T13:55:07.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think in general to English speakers, Spanish sounds angry.  I lived in Spain and when I first starting walking down the street, I thought everyone was fighting.  After a while, I started to realize that that was just a normal conversation.  Spanish is a much more emotionally expressive language than English.  English values logical expression of meaning while Spanish more values emotional and poetic expression of meaning.  That being said, I don't think Spanish speakers would perceive it as more angry than other dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the uneducated aspect of it, it would be unfair to say that.  It is largely perceived by English speakers to be uneducated because of the large number of manual laborers that come to the United States, but in the rest of the Spanish world, it is probably perceived as just another dialect with its unique vocabulary. This is probably true because every language group has educated and uneducated users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T15:27:47.147" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:27:47.147" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25610" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25614" CreationDate="2018-03-23T14:01:06.953" Score="1" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the etymology of &lt;em&gt;las tantas&lt;/em&gt; in the meaning of &lt;em&gt;very very late&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z60aNMi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las tantas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. sust. f. pl. coloq.&lt;/em&gt; Una hora muy avanzada del día o de la noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T17:09:44.713" Title="What's the etymology of &quot;las tantas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2018-03-23T14:29:47.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question clearly says &quot;to other Spanish speakers&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that many Spanish dialects may sound angry to English speakers, but I don't think other Spanish speakers consider any Mexican as speaking &quot;angry&quot;. As a native Spanish speaker I certainly don't think Mexicans sound angry, nor from the north of Mexico or any other part of Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We Latin people are more &quot;loud&quot; than English speakers and that is what might be interpreted as angry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the uneducated part that is also a no. I think it is prejudice from people outside latinamerica to see us as poor and uneducated but we ourselves won't automatically see &lt;em&gt;some loud Mexican&lt;/em&gt; as uneducated. We have to wait and see what he is saying and then make a judgment about his education level same as if we were talking to an Argentinean, Chilean, French, German, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T14:39:03.433" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T14:39:03.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25600" CreationDate="2018-03-23T14:51:58.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a &lt;em&gt;weekend woodworker&lt;/em&gt; I use &quot;wood stains&quot; and in Colombia we call those &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tintas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tintes&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o more commonly &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tintillas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This are very different from varnish since they are absorbed by the wood and &lt;em&gt;tiñen = stain&lt;/em&gt; the wood instead of just creating a coating like varnish does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tintillas&lt;/em&gt; are also different from &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primer_(paint)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;impregnantes&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;strong&gt;sealers&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;selladores&lt;/em&gt;) because they are not made to protect the wood or to prepare it for the finishing coat but only to give it a specific color and bring out the contrast of its grain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The left one in the image is a common presentation from my local store. It is alcohol based but there are some other that are in a gel presentation like the one in right image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rz9DJm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rz9DJm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mpumFm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mpumFm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of using &lt;em&gt;tintas o tintillas&lt;/em&gt; is called &lt;em&gt;teñido o entintado&lt;/em&gt; {&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pintomicasa.com/2013/08/como-tenir-la-madera-paso-a-paso.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El teñido o entintado es el procedimiento de teñir a la madera natural, sin manos previas, con tintas especiales para este tipo de material, otorgándole un color distinto al original, pero sin tapar la textura y vetas originales de la madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never used &lt;em&gt;tintilla a base de agua&lt;/em&gt; (water based stains) but I found some examples of those &lt;a href=&quot;http://arteyhobby.com/productos/pinturas/para-madera-y-ceramica-al-frio/madetinte/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMDS1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vMDS1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Water based stains - tintillas a base de agua&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T16:01:39.440" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T16:01:39.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25603" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:07:15.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en este caso &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;des&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, es más cercano a &lt;strong&gt;destruir/descomponer&lt;/strong&gt; que a la negación, habría que entender que es &quot;Greñar&quot; para saber que es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;desgreñar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &quot;greñar&quot; no existe en el diccionario, y el significado que le das a greña es mas cercano a su entendimiento de lo complicado que es el cabello y no a su naturaleza desaliñada &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T15:45:45.710" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:45:45.710" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25610" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:22:15.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably from &amp;quot;a las tantas&amp;quot; an abbreviation of &amp;quot;a las tantas horas&amp;quot; in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This form is used to express when something is happening or happened at an &lt;strong&gt;unknown/unexpected&lt;/strong&gt; late date or time and can be literally translated as &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;at such hours&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;at the many&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;a las tantas&lt;/strong&gt; horas de la mañana llegó&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English: &lt;strong&gt;at such&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;so many&lt;/strong&gt;  hours in the morning he arrived&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say there's an etymology related to the use, as this is used for the fact that the hours are counted and the more you get (las tantas), the later it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T17:09:44.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:45:44.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even Northern Mexico has different accents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from the northwest and I have travelled most of North and Center Mexico,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell you a few differences I have found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About my accent, I can give you that others have described it as &amp;quot;happy&amp;quot;, literally as &lt;em&gt;a happy cowboy/farmer riding his horse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that the northeast sounds more aggressive, but not angry.&#xA;I would address it as: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;with higher conviction and determination&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's the perception that northern Mexicans are angry and aggresive because media covered them like that during the 40's and 50's, becoming the general perception that has lasted over the years due the lack of communication between North and Center mexico. A big dessert divides the country making communication harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2020-07-23T10:39:02.867" LastActivityDate="2020-07-23T10:39:02.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25618" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:52:20.507" Score="6" ViewCount="3103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to say the simple sentence below in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have already done my homework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google translate gives me the translation below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya hice mi tarea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt is below which after putting into Google translate gives &quot;I have already done my homework&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya he hecho mi tarea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is either sentence &quot;better&quot; than the other? How would a native speaker say this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T18:34:34.983" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T16:48:57.947" Title="What is the correct way of saying &quot;I have already done my homework&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:56:11.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are perfectly fine. Depending on the context, there might be a stronger preference for one or the other form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking generally, the former (with &lt;em&gt;hice&lt;/em&gt;) will be more used in Latin America and the latter (&lt;em&gt;he hecho&lt;/em&gt;) will be preferred in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:56:11.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-23T15:56:55.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct and no one is better than the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a first impression I'd say that &quot;Ya hice mi tarea&quot; sounds more like we would say it in Colombia and the other more like they would say it in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T15:56:55.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-23T18:09:57.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a translation, I cannot agree that both of the answers are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;I have already done my homework&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is in the present perfect tense, so the correct approach would be to translate it to the same tense in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[Yo] ya he hecho mi tarea&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;(omit the pronoun to make it sound more natural)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the translation &lt;strong&gt;Ya hice mi tarea&lt;/strong&gt; represents the same idea, it is in the past tense, and the translation to English would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I already did my homework &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in any case: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The present perfect is used for more formal/educated speech, while the simple past tense is used for more informal language (or depending on the region).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T16:48:57.947" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T16:48:57.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25621" CreationDate="2018-03-23T21:43:41.987" Score="4" ViewCount="1366" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;dream about/of&lt;/em&gt; is translated as &lt;em&gt;Soñar con&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I literally wanted someone to dream with me (and not dream about me), how would I say that? For example, a character in the movie Inception might ask another person to dream with them, and they mean &quot;join me in a shared dream&quot; and would definitely not be asking the other person to dream about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be enough to just add the word junto: &lt;em&gt;sueña junto conmigo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize this is kind of a contrived question, so sorry.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19080" LastEditorUserId="19080" LastEditDate="2018-03-23T21:56:36.853" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T11:30:07.023" Title="How to translate &quot;Dream with me&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25620" CreationDate="2018-03-23T22:41:13.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is indeed contrived, because the situation in question is only possible in fiction (so far) and therefore common language is not really prepared to express it. Prepositions are often arbitrary and it's just a coincidence that in Spanish the phrase goes &lt;em&gt;soñar con…&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can let context do its job and just use &lt;em&gt;Sueña conmigo.&lt;/em&gt; Or you can say more explicitly &lt;em&gt;Sueña junto conmigo&lt;/em&gt;, which sounds a bit off and has no poetry or sense of intimacy in it. Or maybe you could paraphrase a bit and say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acompáñame a soñar&lt;/em&gt;, or maybe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ven conmigo a soñar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The former has a good precedent (it sounds like a slogan or a song title, which it is, actually). The latter resolves the ambiguity of the meaning of &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; by placing the preposition next to a different verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T22:41:13.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25566" CreationDate="2018-03-24T01:44:59.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, some pointers taken from an article about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/placing-the-verb-before-the-subject-3079947&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verb-first sentences in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verbs of existence &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;existir&lt;/em&gt; go before their subject more often than not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verbs often come before the subject in questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kind of example you gave (&lt;em&gt;Vienen muchos...&lt;/em&gt;) is a bit tricky, but I think what's happening there is that the situation is similar to that of a predicate of existence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you said &lt;em&gt;Muchos vienen...&lt;/em&gt;, then those &lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt; would be the topic of the sentence, i.e. what you want to talk about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead you choose to say &lt;em&gt;Vienen muchos...&lt;/em&gt;, then the implication is that you just want to describe the situation as a whole, as a matter of fact, without introducing a new topic. In English you would do this by using an expression of existence or event. That is, you'd present the situation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vienen muchos inmigrantes a trabajar…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as one of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;There are many immigrants coming to work…&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;It so happens that many immigrants are coming to work…&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This same principle marks the difference between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los inmigrantes comenzaron a llegar ayer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comenzaron a llegar ayer los inmigrantes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. 1 is a statement about the immigrants; no. 2 is a statement about the fact that the immigrants have begun to arrive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could give many more examples. Checking newspapers' headlines right now, I'm finding things such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asumió Vizcarra como presidente de Perú.&lt;/em&gt; (Some guy called Martín Vizcarra has just assumed the presidency of Perú; the verb goes first because the headline highlights the fact of the assumption itself, rather than what Vizcarra has done or said.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tras el calor, llegó la tormenta.&lt;/em&gt; (It's been unseasonably hot but a storm has just come over Buenos Aires; the arrival of the storm is the news, not &quot;what the storm did&quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-24T02:30:09.623" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T02:30:09.623" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-24T02:13:04.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is exactly the same as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya he hecho mis deberes&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;I've already done my homework.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya hice mis deberes&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;I already did my homework.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first is obviously grammatically correct.  In both languages, the colloquial speech of the Americas tends to eliminate the perfect in favour of the preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19081" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T02:13:04.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25566" CreationDate="2018-03-24T02:49:26.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YOUR ANSWER: Vienen a trabajar muchos inmigrantes en los campos freseros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you're asking whether there's a rule that tells us whether, or when, it's okay to interrupt &lt;em&gt;trabajar en los campos freseros&lt;/em&gt; by putting something smack dab in the middle of that phrase, between the verb and the prepositional phrase related to that verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that it is permissible to do so, but it chops up the meaning uncomfortably.  It doesn't sound natural or comfortable to my ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T02:49:26.290" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25620" CreationDate="2018-03-24T03:05:30.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can imagine someone saying this without any fantasy/science fiction.  It's a romantic idea.  After all, &lt;em&gt;soñar | dream&lt;/em&gt; isn't just about what we do when we're asleep.  Here's one way that occurs to me to express your idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ven a estar a mi lado en mi sueño. &lt;em&gt;Or&lt;/em&gt; Acompáñame en mi sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's go a little farther with it.  Let's say that A says to their partner, &quot;Last night I dreamed that I half woke up from a beautiful dream, and took your hand to take you back into my dream with me.  Let's try it tonight!  Let's see if it works!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anoche soñé que me medio desperté de un sueño muy bello, y te agarré de la mano para llevarte conmigo a mi sueño otra vez.  Vamos a probarlo etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I don't agree with Pablo about the idea being too contrived to come up in natural conversation, I do agree that in the right context, &quot;Sueña conmigo&quot; could work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note about my quasi-translation: I tend to take a gestalt approach to converting an idea from one language to the other.  I think about the idea behind the original sentence and then let it express itself in the other language.  So my results might be pretty different from what one would get from a strict&lt;/em&gt; translation &lt;em&gt;as such.  So, I'm not sure whether my answer is quite what you were after....&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T03:05:30.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-24T03:41:31.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How would a native speaker say this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only answer with confidence for Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &quot;I have already done my homework&quot; is a bit unusual in English.  I have to set the scene a little bit carefully to get my imaginary preteen in the U.S. to say this sentence.  Here goes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Malcolm's grandmother, who speaks English as a second language, is in town for a visit and has been left in charge of Malcolm for the afternoon.  She intercepts him on his way outside carrying a basketball: &quot;Malcolm, please do your homework first!&quot;  Malcolm indignantly responds, &quot;I have already done my homework!&quot;  (With his parents, he would have used a contraction -- &quot;I've already done my homework&quot; -- but he instinctively avoids using contractions with his grandmother.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico at least, it is more usual in this situation to use the simple past tense than the present perfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya hice la tarea!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(But there are other situations where the present perfect would come in handy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that I have not used the possessive pronoun &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;.  I think this must be similar to the use of the definite article in place of the possessive pronoun, as for body parts.  Example: &quot;Levanta la mano, por favor | Raise your hand, please.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T03:41:31.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25602" CreationDate="2018-03-24T04:12:22.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considera estas frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era música sencilla y bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era música sencilla pero bonita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era música sencilla, pero compuesta por la técnica de los doce tonos, es decir, muy atonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era música sencilla, sólo que compuesta por la técnica de doce tonos, es decir, muy atonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo hacer algo parecido en inglés, si hago un ajuste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La música era sencilla, pero compuesta etc. | The music was simple, but composed with a twelve tone row, in other words, quite atonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La música era sencilla, sólo que compuesta etc. | The music was simple, but composed etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en inglés, si usamos &amp;quot;only&amp;quot;, entonces ya no podemos suprimir el verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The music was simple, only that it was composed etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo lo veo más bien como una limitación del inglés en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T04:12:22.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25620" CreationDate="2018-03-24T11:30:07.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer will be short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one that sounds more natural to me is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sueña conmigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is right that it can also be understood as &quot;dream about me&quot;, but the context would make the rest. If, anyways, you want to explicitly make the difference, what I'd say is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sueña junto a mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the closest way that doesn't sound bad to me, and it means the same. What's more, I think I've heard it in some children movies. For me it definitely sounds much better than &quot;sueña junto conmigo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T11:30:07.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25616" CreationDate="2018-03-24T11:39:20.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is actually &quot;when to use &lt;code&gt;he hecho&lt;/code&gt; and when &lt;code&gt;hice&lt;/code&gt;?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For sure there are many posts with the same question here, so I'll make a summary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt; (except the north part), we use &lt;code&gt;he hecho&lt;/code&gt; if the time when it happened is not over yet: today, THIS week, THIS month, THIS year... &#xA;(and anything that happened today still uses this one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;code&gt;hice&lt;/code&gt; would be used if the time when it happened is already over: yesterday, last week, two weeks ago, last year, last century, and so on... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in short, if you've just done your homework, then it's still today → &quot;he hecho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about the homework of this week, you'd also say &quot;he hecho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you did them yesterday, you'd use &quot;hice&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT, in the northern Spain AND practically all American Spanish uses always &quot;hice&quot;. In fact, they're very unlikely to use compound forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I don't like this because for me it implies a loss of information, but that's how it is. So... if your teacher is Colombian, then you have to choose. Neither of them can be incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T11:39:20.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25632" CreationDate="2018-03-25T07:14:54.550" Score="2" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the following sentence,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te escucho bien, habla más fuerte. I can't hear you well. Speak louder. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this sound natural because I would have translated it as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te Puedo oír bien, habla más alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for asking is because, with my limited knowledge, &lt;em&gt;No te escucho bien&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;I not listen to you well.&lt;/em&gt; not &lt;em&gt;I can not hear you well.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-25T16:59:07.170" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T16:59:07.170" Title="Which sentence sounds more natural? (oír vs. escuchar)" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25630" CreationDate="2018-03-25T10:31:24.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can be used as either listening or hearing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me escuchas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Can you hear me?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escúchame, amigo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Listen to me, dude!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either sentence is fine, and both of them sound natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15239" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-25T16:56:42.970" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T16:56:42.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25630" CreationDate="2018-03-25T12:58:27.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First about your specific question: both &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; are correct. However, &lt;em&gt;No te puedo oír bien&lt;/em&gt; does not sound natural. Most people would rather say simply &lt;em&gt;No te oigo bien&lt;/em&gt;. Spanish &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; is not used as liberally as English &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oír&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; are synonyms. Though &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; implies intent (a deliberate action) and &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; suggests passive hearing, in practice, in many cases and according to dialect, personal preference and such, both verbs are used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm translating here &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/oir-y-escuchar-927/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;something from Fundeu&lt;/a&gt; (a foundation that responds to questions about Spanish grammar and lexicon):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q.&lt;/strong&gt; My query is about the distinction between the verbs &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt;. The former does not imply intent, but I wanted to know whether using one instead of the other is necessarily a lexical mistake. In English the distinction between &lt;em&gt;listen&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hear&lt;/em&gt; is very strict, but lately I have the impression that the rule in Spanish is being relaxed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A.&lt;/strong&gt; No, it is not a mistake. In fact, in Latin both concepts were already confused and in Spanish this comes from long ago, as with derived words and phrases like &lt;em&gt;oyente, derecho a ser oído, audiencia&lt;/em&gt;… The [Real Academia Española], although it also marks this distinction, admits that the mix of meanings comes from antiquity and does not consider it incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said above, both verbs are used interchangeably, but it often depends on individual or dialectal preference. That is, some people prefer &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; over &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=EM6vahEKOD6LYmKQpP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to the DPD&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;escuchar&lt;/em&gt; used in the sense of passive hearing seems to be common in the Spanish of the Americas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T16:56:15.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25639" CreationDate="2018-03-25T15:00:30.990" Score="3" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question arose from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21247/what-is-el-raspado#comment41760_21249&quot;&gt;comment by @LisaBeck&lt;/a&gt; in relation to a question about &quot;raspado&quot; as a noun meaning &lt;em&gt;shaved ice&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; had an &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/16/eps/1521200603_126765.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; that talks about super intelligence.  Here's the quote Lisa was curious about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Acaso la distancia entre estos últimos y los que superan los 160 puntos no es mayor que la que existe entre los “raspados” y el resto que, en el 70% de los casos, se sitúa en la banda entre 87 y 114 puntos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: what does &lt;em&gt;raspado&lt;/em&gt; mean &lt;strong&gt;in this context&lt;/strong&gt;? It doesn't seem to be a cold, sweet snack here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T15:11:26.167" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T15:11:26.167" Title="What is the meaning of 'raspado' when talking about IQ test scores?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25637" CreationDate="2018-03-25T19:36:55.060" Score="4" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; in exactly the same way I would use the English meanings &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;to be able to&lt;/em&gt;. However, as the following equivalent sentences show,&lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; is sometimes omitted. Whereas in English this omission cannot be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te escucho bien, habla más fuerte. I can't hear you well. Speak louder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te oigo bien, habla más alto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is, when should one not use &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that it would be more intuitive to ask &amp;quot;when not to use...&amp;quot; rather than asking &amp;quot;when to use... or How to use...&amp;quot;.(As those might be classed as too broad) However, I don't mind if the title is changes to something more fitting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T10:47:34.307" Title="When should one not use the verb *Poder*?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25636" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25641" CreationDate="2018-03-25T22:44:36.793" Score="4" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across a book listing the imperative tú form of the verb &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. I also came across a website that agreed; however, when I checked on RAE.es, Wordreference.com, and Spanishdict.com, the conjugation was listed as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a mistake or is it an archaic conjugation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12844" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T06:21:09.037" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T06:21:09.037" Title="Imperative form of &quot;valer&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25635" CreationDate="2018-03-25T23:33:14.260" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right that the use of &quot;can&quot; (or &quot;be able to&quot;) is more extended in English than &quot;poder&quot; is in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that &quot;poder&quot; can be omitted when the verb in Spanish already suggests an ability. Actually, it does happen that &quot;can&quot; is sometimes redundant in English and can be replaced with the present tense of the main verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't understand = I don't understand.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With verbs implying physical perception or some mental process, &quot;poder&quot; would be a little too emphatic in Spanish, meaning something like: Even if I try to, I can't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te oigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedo oírte. (Sorry but, no matter how hard I try, I can't hear you.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Please notice that, even if its use is extended, &quot;escuchar&quot; is equivalent to &quot;listen to&quot; and involves a voluntary action, so it would be most impolite to tell somebody that you don't want to hear them.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No te veo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedo verte. (It's too dark and, even if I try to make you out, I just can't.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To express that effort, we can also use other verb phrases like &lt;em&gt;lograr + infinitive / conseguir + infinitive / alcanzar a + infinitive.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No logro / consigo / alcanzo a verte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No logro / consigo / alcanzo a oírte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, instead of &quot;poder&quot; we use &quot;saber&quot;, and that is when a specific skill is being dealt with, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No sé nadar (I can't swim).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T10:47:34.307" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T10:47:34.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25645" CreationDate="2018-03-26T02:12:08.817" Score="2" ViewCount="498" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone had a clear and easy to understand description of the difference between the meaning of the verb &quot;poder&quot; as used in the preterite tense versus in the imperfect tense (both affirmative and negative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example that I find very confusing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was given the sentence in an exercise in my textbook: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sí, los jugadores no ___ terminar el partido. Empezó a llover y no paró hasta la medianoche. Y tú, ¿por qué no estuviste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I was asked to fill in the blank with etiher podían (imperfect) or pudieron (preterite). I have read from various places that &quot;no podían&quot; means &quot;they weren't able to/they couldn't&quot; while &quot;no pudieron&quot; means &quot;they tried and failed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer turns out to be &quot;pudieron&quot;, but I am not sure why. It makes sense that the players tried to finish their game but &quot;failed&quot; due to the rain, but it also makes sense to be that the players simply weren't able to or couldn't because of the rain. I feel that this sentence can be interpreted in multiple ways, so both answers are technically correct. However, the textbook had the answer set on &quot;pudieron&quot; so I suspect there may be an intricate detail that I am overlooking that makes &quot;pudieron&quot; make more sense than &quot;podían&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone help me out? Also other examples and affirmative examples with &quot;poder&quot; would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10751" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T02:28:43.883" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T02:52:45.423" Title="Difference between poder imperfect and preterite" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25633" CreationDate="2018-03-26T02:27:13.073" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=aprobado%20raspado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aprobado raspado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(locución nominal masculina) ES, coloquial (nota mínima)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;barely passing grade. grade that barely scrapes by .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprobar raspado is &amp;quot;aprobar por los pelos&amp;quot;. Back to the context of your question (my edits in bold)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Acaso la distancia entre estos últimos y los que superan los 160 puntos no es mayor que la que existe entre los [&lt;strong&gt;que han pasado el criterio de corte&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;] “raspados” y el resto que, en el 70% de los casos, se sitúa en la banda entre 87 y 114 puntos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &amp;quot;criterio de corte&amp;quot; is whatever you consider to &amp;quot;pass&amp;quot; or to be included in a certain category. This could be translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Isn't the distance between the latter and those above 160 points greater than that between those who &lt;strong&gt;barely made it&lt;/strong&gt; and the rest, which in 70% of the cases is in the band between 87 and 114 points?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T01:15:11.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25638" CreationDate="2018-03-26T04:22:22.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poder&lt;/em&gt; in the imperfect expresses a mere capability, irrespective of any concrete situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterite is used to describe concrete single actions (hence the &lt;em&gt;tried and failed&lt;/em&gt; sense), but it is also use to focus on the beginning or end of actions (&lt;em&gt;conocí a Julia&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I met Julia&quot;, that is, the start of my knowing her, afterwards, &lt;em&gt;conocía a Julia&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I knew her&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, there is a clear beginning to their inability &lt;em&gt;and that beginning is relevant&lt;/em&gt;.  We're not concerned with a general inability to finish the game, rather when that inability began.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T04:22:22.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25636" CreationDate="2018-03-26T04:35:58.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=KMpWrWDBbICqgLP,&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; describes it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; poseía un imperativo monosilábico (&lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt;), usado generalmente en su variante pronominal.  La forma antigua &lt;em&gt;valte&lt;/em&gt; equivalía, pues, a la actual &lt;em&gt;válete&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Aprieta pues bien con ambos braços tu dicha; que es ella revaladiza como culebre: valte del polvo de tu ser para tenerla asida&lt;/em&gt; (Garau, &lt;em&gt;Sabio&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in effect, yes, the form &lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt; existed in the past, but it is no longer used.  The RAE's conjugation engine sometimes doesn't include irregular forms even when they're correct (&lt;em&gt;plugo&lt;/em&gt; shows up for &lt;em&gt;placer&lt;/em&gt;, but not &lt;em&gt;plegue&lt;/em&gt;), but they don't ever show archaic verb forms that are no longer considered standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not use it today.  The only people who speak Spanish today that would ever say &lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt; are bilingual speakers who also speak Asturian or Catalonian because the verb in the indicative/imperative has that form (and really only when speaking those languages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T04:35:58.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1950" CreationDate="2018-03-26T06:20:03.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la vista del &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/25636/12637&quot;&gt;reciente descubrimiento&lt;/a&gt; de que una forma antigua del imperativo del verbo &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt;, nada impedía que se formara el imperativo &lt;em&gt;val·le&lt;/em&gt;. Según el ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25636/imperative-form-of-valer/25641?noredirect=1#comment41792_25641&quot;&gt;que propuso @guifa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Válgale Dios, válgale el Diablo, válgale quién pueda, a mí no me importa, joder, &lt;em&gt;val·le&lt;/em&gt; tú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo malo es que hoy día sí que hay algo lo impide: que &lt;em&gt;val&lt;/em&gt; ya no es un imperativo válido, dado que la forma actual es &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T06:20:03.180" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1359" CreationDate="2018-03-26T09:29:00.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, all members of the Order/Family &lt;em&gt;Didelphimorphia/Didelphidae&lt;/em&gt; are called opossums, and this matches with the general Spanish use of &lt;em&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Ecuadorian Spanish, for example, 16 of the 21 native species of opossum have a common name containing &lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/em&gt; is specific to the 2 named species of the Genus &lt;em&gt;Didelphis&lt;/em&gt; (this includes &lt;em&gt;the common opossum&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;el zarigüeya común&lt;/em&gt;, which is the only species also native to North America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different countries/regions of Central America have their own specific terms for opossums, which may be a general term or a word for certain species which are native to that area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;English&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;North America&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;opossum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Southern North America&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;possum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Spanish&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spain (general)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Texas&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tacuaches&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tlacuaches&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latin America (general)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zorra mochilera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tlacuache&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yucatán&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Central America (general)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tlacuache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;clacuache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Costa Rica&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorro pelón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guatemala&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Salvador&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tlacuache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuazín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;guasalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Honduras&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tlacuache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;tacuazín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;guasalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zorro [de] cola pelada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuila&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (Masaya)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Panamá&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tacuacín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ecuador&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;fara&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chucha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zarigüeya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;runcho&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorrochuchos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Venezuela&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;faro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;churro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rabipelado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quengue&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perú&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;muca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;huanchaco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;canchaluco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bolivia&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;carachupas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paraguay&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;comadreja&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mykurẽ&lt;/em&gt; (guarani)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uruguay&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;comadreja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;overa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Argentina&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;comadreja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;overa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raposa&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;fox&lt;/em&gt; in Galicia (&lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; in most other regions of Spain), but in Ecuador it is the common name for most species of &lt;em&gt;opossum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;This polysemy occurred in English terms for newly discovered animals in the Americas too. For example, the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_robin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;American Robin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is actually a type of thrush, the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_bison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;American Buffalo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a type of bison, and the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronghorn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronghorn Antelope&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is more closely related to giraffes.&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;comadreja&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;weasel&lt;/em&gt; in Spain, similar to the co-opting of the terms &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Debería revisarse, pues &lt;em&gt;cuilo&lt;/em&gt; en Costa Rica es &lt;em&gt;cuyo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cavia porcellus&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Cavia&lt;/em&gt; cobaya.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;From Nahuatl &lt;em&gt;tlacuatzin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=KslnPSFfMx0AtXv1x00&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tacuacín&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Del nahua tlacuatzin, bocado sabroso, y este de tlacua, comer&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=edrNFFXnyx0AgI5EWbV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tlacuache&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Del nahua tlacuatzin, bocado sabroso).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Specifically the largest species&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;http://wikifaunia.com/mamiferos/zarigueya/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wikifaunia.com/mamiferos/zarigueya/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opossum#Classification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opossum#Classification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphis_marsupialis#Nombres_comunes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphis_marsupialis#Nombres_comunes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphimorphia#Nombres_comunes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didelphimorphia#Nombres_comunes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;http://zoologia.puce.edu.ec/Vertebrados/mamiferos/ListaEspecies.aspx?Id=159&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://zoologia.puce.edu.ec/Vertebrados/mamiferos/ListaEspecies.aspx?Id=159&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T12:18:55.630" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:18:55.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25638" CreationDate="2018-03-26T11:06:19.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between preterite and imperfect has to do with the manner of describing a situation, either from the point of view of the end result or the process. As Guifa says in his answer, &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; specifically means mere capability when in the imperfect; it means achievement when in the preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pudieron terminar&lt;/em&gt; means they were (after some time) unable to finish, and the speaker is explaining the end result: no achievement. &lt;em&gt;No podían terminar&lt;/em&gt; means they were (presumably) trying to finish, and failing, and the speaker is focusing on this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine we're talking about a dessert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If I was so full I just couldn't finish my dessert, I would describe the &lt;strong&gt;final&lt;/strong&gt; situation by saying: &lt;em&gt;No pude terminar el postre.&lt;/em&gt; So the dessert is or was presumably still there partly untouched, and that's the end of the story.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But if was interrupted e.g. by someone calling me on the phone, then someone knocking on my door, etc., so that in the end I just couldn't finish eating because I had to go, I would later describe the &lt;strong&gt;ongoing&lt;/strong&gt; situation at that time by saying: &lt;em&gt;No podía terminar el postre.&lt;/em&gt; The story might continue at that point. If not, the hearer would probably eventually ask: &lt;em&gt;Y al final, ¿pudiste terminar el postre?&lt;/em&gt;, because the imperfect leaves room for doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Truly, in the example you gave, you could have used the imperfect, but the context strongly suggests otherwise; if you used the imperfect, the story would sound unfinished. So they were at a given time unable to finish, and it rained a lot, and? Did they finally manage to finish? Did they wait until after midnight and resume playing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples with affirmative &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, let's see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al llegar a la cima pudieron ver claramente el pueblo en el fondo del valle.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;When they came to the top, they could clearly see the town at the bottom of the valley.&quot; Meaning: they climbed up to the top, and became (more or less suddenly) able to see something they had up till then unable to see. They achieved something (the seeing) and that was it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mientras subían desde el valle podían ver de a ratos el río.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;As they climbed up from the valley they could see the river from time to time.&quot; Meaning: as they climbed, they were on-and-off able to see the river. We don't know if, at the end of the climb, they were still able to see it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Podían sentarse donde quisieran.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They could sit wherever they wanted.&quot; They were able and permitted to sit whenever they wanted; this is a fact about their ability to choose any place. (Note the subjunctive &lt;em&gt;quisieran&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pudieron sentarse donde querían.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;They could (were allowed to) sit wherever they wanted.&quot; They were able and permitted to sit anywhere, and did; this is fact about their final choice of seats. (Note the indicative &lt;em&gt;querían&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T21:19:23.220" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T21:19:23.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25638" CreationDate="2018-03-26T15:15:29.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;an easy explanation between the difference between the perfect and imperfect past(preterit) is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perfect: is something that already happened in a defined moment &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imperfect : is something that happened continuously in the past and might or might not have finished. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;examples  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Perfect : Yo pude levantar esa piedra&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was able to lift that stone, (but only happened once)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Imperfect : yo podia levantar esa piedra&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was able to lift that stone, (but this is something that happened a lot of times in the past and also i might be able to do again if i try) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the verb &quot;poder&quot; is hard to translate to english, lets try the previous examples without the verb poder &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Yo levante esa piedra&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;i lifted that stone &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;yo levantaba esa piedra&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;i used to lift that stone &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you cannot conjugate the verb &quot;can&quot;(poder) with the &quot;used to&quot; , it becomes...complicated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T15:15:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20996" CreationDate="2018-03-27T00:15:15.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dar madruguete&quot; es cuando alguien muy &quot;vivo&quot; aprovecha la confusión o la circunstancia y actúa rápidamente aprovechando que los demás están descuidados. Ejemplo: en el fútbol &lt;em&gt;soccer&lt;/em&gt; a veces cobran una falta rápido aprovechando que el otro equipo apenas se está acomodando. Esto es &quot;dar madruguete&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T05:32:44.070" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T05:32:44.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25638" CreationDate="2018-03-27T02:52:45.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will give you some paradigms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect describes the scene -- the ongoing action.  The preterite, or simple past, reports facts that occurred at a specific point on the timeline, as a newspaper reporter might do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preterite example&lt;/strong&gt; à la newspaper report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los jugadores no pudieron terminar el partido. | The players could not finish the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;: Let's set the scene with the imperfect and then put some interesting action in the foreground with the preterite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacía sol y nuestros muchachos jugaban de maravilla, mejor que nunca.  Pero de pronto empezó a llover a cántaros.  No terminaron de jugar el partido. | It was sunny and our boys were playing marvelously well, better than ever.  But suddenly it started to rain cats and dogs.  They didn't finish playing the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T02:52:45.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2018-03-27T06:01:35.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Videos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Videos from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YouTube&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimeo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vimeo&lt;/a&gt;, and elsewhere will be found in this section.  This post will contain general interest videos or videos that would fall under the category of entertainment — not feature length films (see the Film section for that), television series (see the Television category for that), documentaries, or what would be considered educational programming (see the Documentaries/Educational Programming category for these last two types).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T05:22:31.900" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-03-27T06:01:35.027" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25656" CreationDate="2018-03-27T13:26:22.157" Score="1" ViewCount="24103" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existen reglas para la formación de los participios activo y pasivo en relación a sustantivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 1: El participio activo de &lt;em&gt;Referir&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;Referente&lt;/em&gt;. Pero cual es el participio pasivo de Referir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo 2: En la frase: &amp;quot;El primer sumando en la ecuación..&amp;quot;, es &lt;em&gt;Sumando&lt;/em&gt; el participio pasivo de &lt;em&gt;Sumar&lt;/em&gt;?  Cual sería el participio activo de Sumar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-04-14T15:21:58.043" Title="Participio Activo y Participio Pasivo de Sustantivos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25654" CreationDate="2018-03-27T14:46:06.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No nos confundamos,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El participio pasivo es la conjugación del la acción en pasado en voz pasiva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que el participio activo puede ser un se refiere a la parte activa de la acción y actúa en el tiempo presente (por eso su terminación en &amp;quot;nte&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el referente ha referido una forma :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el referente(Activo) es el que refiere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el referido(pasivo) es sobre el que se actúa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumando&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; es el participio pasivo, ese es un &lt;strong&gt;Gerundio&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para identificar la diferencia: el Gerundio es el presente constante,&#xA;mientras que el Participio Pasivo es algo que ya sucedió en voz pasiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la diferencia entre el participio pasivo y gerundio esta en la terminacion -ndo- y &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gerundio : &amp;quot;Yendo&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;comiendo&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;viviendo&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Participio pasivo : &amp;quot;ido&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;comido&amp;quot;, vivido&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el participio pasivo de sumar es &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sumado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;,&#xA;y el participio activo sería &amp;quot;Sumante&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés el participio pasivo es llamado &amp;quot;presente perfecto&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;--edit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;al parecer el Gerundio también es conocido como presente participio pasivo, así que ahora tenemos dos definiciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el presente participio pasivo de referir (gerundio) seria :&lt;strong&gt;refiriendo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2020-12-02T06:36:33.873" LastActivityDate="2020-12-02T06:36:33.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25654" CreationDate="2018-03-27T16:06:18.237" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;participio pasivo&lt;/strong&gt; es una forma verbal que se usa en dos tipos de construcciones gramaticales: la voz pasiva perifrástica (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;«Los pacientes fueron referidos a otro hospital»&lt;/em&gt;) y los tiempos verbales compuestos (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;«Nos hemos referido muchas veces a este asunto»&lt;/em&gt;). El participio pasivo como se usa en la voz pasiva es variable (tiene género y número) y puede funcionar como adjetivo (&lt;em&gt;los pacientes referidos al hospital&lt;/em&gt;). Muchos participios pasivos de esta clase se han transformado en sustantivos, como por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;amado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tirada&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;supuesto&lt;/em&gt;, etc., pero esto es un proceso léxico, no gramatical, es decir: no hay una regla que permita usar o transformar cualquier participio pasivo en un sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;participio activo&lt;/strong&gt; es una forma verbal que hoy en día se usa muy poco regularmente. Tiene número gramatical pero es invariable en género, y puede funcionar como adjetivo o como sustantivo. Los participios activos terminan en &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;-ante, -ente, -iente&lt;/em&gt; según la terminación del verbo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El participio activo de &lt;em&gt;sumar&lt;/em&gt; sería regularmente &lt;em&gt;sumante&lt;/em&gt;, pero si bien la palabra es entendible por cualquier hablante de español, no es una palabra que realmente se use. Su significado vendría a ser &quot;la persona que suma&quot;. Otros ejemplos de este tipo serían &lt;em&gt;sumariante&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;persona que toma nota de una denuncia policial&quot;, &lt;em&gt;demandante&lt;/em&gt; &quot;persona que demanda legalmente algo&quot;, &lt;em&gt;dependiente&lt;/em&gt; &quot;persona que trabaja bajo las órdenes de otra&quot;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sumando&lt;/em&gt; es el gerundio del verbo. Los gerundios se pueden usar a veces como sustantivos, como en &lt;em&gt;sumando&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;cualquiera de los números que son sumados en una operación de adición&quot;. De nuevo, esto es léxico. La mayoría de los gerundios no se usan así, y hacerlo suena técnico o formal. Otros ejemplos de gerundios como sustantivos son: &lt;em&gt;educando&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;persona que está siendo educada, alumno&quot;), &lt;em&gt;graduando&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;persona que se está graduando en una carrera&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T16:06:18.237" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21835" CreationDate="2018-03-27T18:19:50.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just an opinion: I think that generally, in any Spanish speaking country, we use the expression &quot;agua potable&quot; to denote the &quot;drinkable water&quot;, but maybe at some rural areas where some people could not fully understand the term &quot;potable&quot; they take it as applied to any running spring where you can drink from whether it is treated water or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T18:19:50.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25663" CreationDate="2018-03-28T07:57:36.460" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Hay un equivalente en español hablado de IQ?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that IQ in Spanish is CI for either &quot;coeficiente intelectual&quot; or &quot;cociente intelectual&quot; and that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real Academia Española (RAE)&lt;/a&gt; accepts both for &quot;intelligence quotient&quot; (even though I prefer the latter since few would say, in English, &quot;intelligence coefficient&quot;).*  If you disagree, check &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=intelligence+quotient%2C+intelligence+coefficient&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2017&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cintelligence%20quotient%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cintelligence%20coefficient%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; out.  That said, do the Spanish speakers of this world ever use just the initials like English speakers do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*If this debate interests you, read this &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cociente-vs-coeficiente.608620/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  It is one of the best WordReference threads I've read.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que IQ en español es CI para tanto la frase &quot;coeficiente intelectual&quot; como la frase &quot;cociente intelectual&quot; y que la RAE acepta las dos para la &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cifra que expresa la inteligencia relativa de una persona y que se determina dividiendo su edad mental por su edad física.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(aunque prefiero este último porque, pocos dirían, en inglés, &quot;intelligence coefficient&quot;).*  Si no estás de acuerdo, mira &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=intelligent+quotient%2C+intelligent+coefficient&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2017&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cintelligent%20quotient%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esto&lt;/a&gt;.  Dicho eso, ¿hablan los hispanohablantes de este mundo alguna vez sólo usando las siglas como lo hacen los angloparlantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Si este debate te interesa lee ésto &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cociente-vs-coeficiente.608620/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.  Es uno de los mejores hilos de discusión en WordReference que he leído.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T00:36:18.673" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T00:36:18.673" Title="Is there a spoken Spanish equivalent of IQ?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25662" CreationDate="2018-03-28T08:54:30.713" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ha habido alguna que otra pregunta similar en este sitio, acerca del uso en el español de términos que en inglés se suelen decir con siglas. En términos generales, los hispanohablantes usamos las siglas mucho menos que los angloparlantes (salvo en determinados ámbitos como la informática, que ahí nos encantan las siglas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, yo no le diría a alguien que &quot;voy a hacer un test para averiguar mi CI&quot;. Me sonaría raro y además no estaría seguro de si la otra persona me iba a entender, dado que &quot;CI&quot; no es una abreviatura de uso común. Así, le diría &quot;para averiguar mi cociente/coeficiente intelectual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso si nos vamos al ámbito periodístico, los textos usan las iniciales pero siempre habiendo introducido el desarrollo completo del término previamente; así lo recomienda, por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/siglas-y-acronimos-claves-de-redaccion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt; en el caso de acrónimos no asentados en el lenguaje (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25662/is-there-a-spoken-spanish-equivalent-of-iq/25663?noredirect=1#comment41860_25663&quot;&gt;gracias, Alex&lt;/a&gt;). Véase el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasemos ahora a examinar la situación de los intentos, repetidos a lo largo de los últimos cincuenta años, de dividir la variación del cociente intelectual (CI) en fracciones atribuibles separadamente a causas hereditarias y ambientales. Estos estudios sólo adquirieron trascendencia a partir de la publicación del tan traído y llevado artículo de Jensen (1969), en el que se propone la determinación predominantemente genética de las diferencias inter e intraraciales del CI, insistiendo en la superfluidad de cualquier tentativa de atenuarlas por su condición de empresa contra natura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos López-Fanjul, &quot;Vaivenes de la genética de poblaciones [Historia de la Genética]&quot;, 1987 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese cómo empieza introduciendo el concepto para luego pasar a usar las iniciales. Y aunque es cierto que este texto tiene más de 30 años, en este tiempo la cosa no ha variado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meier ha explicado que si bien los 8 puntos de deterioro en el cociente intelectual (CI) pueden no parecer demasiado, la pérdida sí es significativa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vanguardia.com&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;El consumo de marihuana en la adolescencia daña la inteligencia&quot;, 2012 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T09:31:52.960" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T09:31:52.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25664" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25665" CreationDate="2018-03-28T11:45:15.447" Score="5" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was speaking to a Spanish native on Speaky and she used the following sentences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es loco lo sé. &lt;em&gt;It's crazy I know.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso lo supe en la universidad. &lt;em&gt;I knew that at University.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This use is confusing to me because if I was translating these English sentences to Spanish I would have omitted &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; in both cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T10:22:39.907" Title="Why is the object pronoun *lo* (it) used in these sentences?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25664" CreationDate="2018-03-28T14:18:26.613" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different things are happening there. Your first example is actually not correct in Spanish as written, as it's not, I think, in English; there should be a comma in there, because there are two propositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es loco, lo sé.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;It's crazy, I know.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish equivalent of &quot;(...), I know&quot; is not the literal translation. &lt;em&gt;Lo sé&lt;/em&gt; properly means &quot;I know it&quot;, where &quot;it&quot; refers to the fact that you've stated just before that. You can also add &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; and either leave the pronoun or drop it (&lt;em&gt;ya lo sé&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ya sé&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I already know&quot;). You cannot under any circumstances say just &lt;em&gt;sé&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I know&quot; in a phrase like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On to the second sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eso lo supe en la Universidad.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;That I knew at University.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you have a different case. Following the usual word order in Spanish (subject - verb - object) you would say &lt;em&gt;(Yo) supe eso en la Universidad.&lt;/em&gt; Note there's no pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; there. But that's not what you're saying here. You're moving the direct object (&lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt;) to the front in order to make it the topic of the sentence. When that happens in a sentence like this, it's as if you have left the direct object slot empty, and since it has to be filled, we use the pronoun (in this case, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;). In way what you're saying is equivalent to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En cuanto a eso, lo supe en la Universidad.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;As for that, I knew it at University.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of this latter kind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El árbol lo talaron ayer.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The tree, they felled it yesterday.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La nueva mesa me la enviarán mañana.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The new table, they will send it to me tomorrow.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A los perros los vacunamos cuando cumplen un mes.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;The dogs, we vaccine them when they turn one month old.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tu asunto lo veré más tarde.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Your thing, I'll see about it later.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun is compulsory in all these cases. In English you can say things like &quot;The table they will send tomorrow&quot; or &quot;Your problem I'll attend to later&quot;, but not in Spanish. Note also how in English these ideas would be more commonly conveyed using the passive voice (&quot;The tree was felled yesterday&quot;), which in fact achieves the same thing (turning the object into a subject and moving it to the front, which makes it the topic). The passive voice is not nearly as common in Spanish, least of all spoken Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T15:06:31.297" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T15:06:31.297" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25664" CreationDate="2018-03-28T15:47:48.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When &quot;it&quot; or &quot;that&quot; are used as indicatives of the subject they are replaced by Lo/La . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And interesting case is the &quot;le&quot;  that is used when the indication refeers to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can research more about this with the Direct object and Indirect object, and to understand this i would recommend to read in Spanish rather to trying to translate from english. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for this specific case maybe &quot;Dora&quot; is a good example , with her signature Phrase &quot;We did it/lo Hicimos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T14:52:46.890" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T14:52:46.890" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-28T18:04:27.990" Score="4" ViewCount="4888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer, conversando con un compañero, salio a relucir una palabra que hasta ahora no he encontrado un significado real para ella, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poporote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De donde proviene? y ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad me tiene muy intrigado, jamás la había escuchado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si alguno de ustedes me saca de dudas, agradecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T01:46:52.817" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T19:48:34.620" Title="¿Cuál es el significado real de la palabra &quot;Poporote&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25664" CreationDate="2018-03-28T19:22:51.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In online communication, people often omit punctuation.  The first sentence is actually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es loco, lo sé. &lt;em&gt;It's crazy, I know&lt;/em&gt;.  OR &lt;em&gt;It's crazy; I realize that.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second sentence, I'll give an alternate, freer translation that will hopefully help to convey the idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso lo supe en la universidad. &lt;em&gt;I came to know that at University.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would like to know why &quot;lo&quot; is being included, since when you tried to go from the English idea to a Spanish sentence, you didn't include &quot;lo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is that it is idiomatic to include &quot;lo&quot; in sentences such as these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that object pronouns typically go &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the verb in Spanish, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo tu libro --&gt; Yo lo tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que tú tienes mi libro --&gt; Yo sé que tú lo tienes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T19:22:51.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23552" CreationDate="2018-03-28T21:37:40.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez &quot;Voy a sacudir tu mundo&quot; (o &quot;su mundo&quot; si &quot;your&quot; es ustedes/vosotros).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En mi opinión &quot;rock your world&quot; sólo significa &quot;cambiar, sacudir&quot;, y es el contexto de uso lo que le da/daría connotación positiva.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T21:37:40.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23883" CreationDate="2018-03-28T21:38:40.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a dejar de lado la precedencia de los operadores en la programación y paso a explicar de la mejor manera posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un poco dificil explicarlo, incluso me atrevo a decir que quizás el menú pudiera estar mal escrito (Al menos a mi no me apetecería que me dieran a escoger entre beber una cerveza o refresco, y después tomar un cafe o comer un helado, ¡Que rara combinación!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, digamos que esto se trata de &lt;strong&gt;opciones&lt;/strong&gt; y después de cada &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tu tienes la opción de escoger lo que más te apetezca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes escoger  tus enchiladas acompañadas de arroz o frijoles y&#xA;  refresco o cerveza y café o helado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta oración, tienes 3 opciones para escoger el acompañamiento de tus enchiladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál sería la forma de redactar la frase para que no incurra en&#xA;  malinterpretaciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la mejor forma sería sustituyendo cada &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; por una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;coma&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y dejando la última &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de la oración intacta. La coma representa una pausa más breve que la del punto, dando a entender que hay opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes escoger  tus enchiladas acompañadas de arroz o frijoles,&#xA;  refresco o cerveza y café o helado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lee esta última oración en voz alta, y entenderás a lo que me refiero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17844" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T21:38:40.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25673" CreationDate="2018-03-29T02:25:49.210" Score="6" ViewCount="2382" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pasta&amp;quot; es un coloquialismo para referirse al dinero. La RAE lo recoge en las acepciones 10 y 11 de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S5QKx5t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. dinero (‖ moneda corriente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. dinero (‖ hacienda, fortuna).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces incluso se le añade el calificativo &amp;quot;gansa&amp;quot;, que también está recogido en el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S5QKx5t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasta gansa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Gran cantidad de dinero. Cuesta una pasta gansa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene este significado de &amp;quot;pasta&amp;quot; para referirse al dinero o la fortuna?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T13:25:27.170" Title="¿Por qué le decimos coloquialmente &quot;pasta&quot; al dinero?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25671" CreationDate="2018-03-29T02:32:36.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vaya, pues resulta que la novena acepción de &quot;pasta&quot; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Porción de oro, plata u otro metal fundido y sin labrar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El oro y la plata fundidos crean una pasta que es la que da este nombre más coloquial al dinero. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://lalenguaesagrandesconocida.wordpress.com/2016/08/30/por-que-llaman-pavos-a-los-dolares-y-pasta-al-dinero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, pasta gansa&quot; significa &quot;gran cantidad de dinero &lt;strong&gt;ganado con facilidad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. El artículo aclara que según la RAE, “ganso” significa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona tarda, perezosa, descuidada. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] ganar una “pasta gansa” significa ganarle fácilmente el dinero a un ganso, cuyo atolondrado y descerebrado comportamiento puede hacer ganar dinero fácil a un pícaro vendedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, en el mismo artículo se explica por qué en las películas se suele usar &quot;pavos&quot; para referirse al dinero (o para traducir ese &quot;bucks&quot; que se usa coloquialmente en lugar de &quot;dólares&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[La traducción de &lt;em&gt;bucks&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;pavos&lt;/em&gt;] Tiene origen español, y viene del año 1930, aproximadamente. A un duro (5 pesetas) se le llamaba “pavo”, porque es exactamente lo que valía este animal. En América, a los dólares también se les llama “bucks” (ciervos), porque por el año 1700 la piel de estos animales se usaba como medio de intercambio por otras cosas de valor, como sustituto del dinero. Entonces, un director de doblaje español decidió utilizar en sus películas “pavos” como equivalente de “bucks”, y se sigue utilizando en la actualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T02:32:36.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25671" CreationDate="2018-03-29T13:25:27.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente se hacía la diferencia entre el dinero propiamente tal (las monedas acuñadas) y la pasta (el metal no acuñado). Por ejemplo en este artículo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=I6grAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;pg=PA573#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una ley mexicana&lt;/a&gt; de 1854:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2° Los administradores de los lugares de salida, á. quienes los conductores manifestarán con pureza la cantidad que &lt;strong&gt;en pesos ó en pasta&lt;/strong&gt; llevan para dichos gastos, señalarán prudencialmente y con consideracion á que no se graven los particulares...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en este fragmento de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=eZssAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;pg=PA43#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un libro de historia&lt;/a&gt; del Perú de 1858:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) mandó S. E. al señor ministro de marina que pasase á bordo de la O'Higgins á tener una entrevista con lord Cochrane, y en ella ofreció éste devolver toda la &lt;strong&gt;plata en pasta&lt;/strong&gt;, 20,000 pesos sellados, &lt;strong&gt;y todo el dinero&lt;/strong&gt; tomado á los particulares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o mucho más claramente en este &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=uK2gblRWLF4C&amp;amp;dq=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;pg=PA81#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=pasta%20dinero&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;curso de economía&lt;/a&gt; español de 1848:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) como á medida que la cantidad de la moneda se aumenta, su valor se disminuye, &lt;strong&gt;el precio del dinero&lt;/strong&gt; , cuando la acuñacion es libre, se halla luego al nivel del &lt;strong&gt;valor del metal en pasta&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente se le dijo &quot;pasta&quot; al metal bruto por una metonimia, dado que al fundirlo tiene apariencia pastosa, y una vez frío pierde esa apariencia pero mantiene el nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el hecho de que se le siga diciendo &quot;pasta&quot; al &quot;dinero&quot; es debido a otra metonimia histórica, ya que ambos servían para lo mismo. Es equivalente a decir que los &lt;em&gt;bitcoins&lt;/em&gt; son una &lt;em&gt;moneda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T13:25:27.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25677" CreationDate="2018-03-29T13:32:32.930" Score="5" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google suggests &lt;strong&gt;depurar&lt;/strong&gt;, but that sounds a bit rigid and technical, almost clinical to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other alternatives which are in common/colloquial use in the industry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2794&quot;&gt;One of the answers&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2772/translation-of-bug-to-spanish&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Translation of “bug” to Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; claims that &lt;em&gt;pulga&lt;/em&gt; is used in Costa Rica for bug. I guess &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;despulgar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; would work in this context and doesn't suffer from the (perceived) stiffness of &lt;em&gt;depurar&lt;/em&gt; (in fact, it sounds way cooler, by several orders of magnitude), but would it be understood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13828" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T16:49:59.123" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T20:48:27.983" Title="What's the most common term in the (software) industry for &quot;to debug&quot; or &quot;debugging&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16040" CreationDate="2018-03-29T15:03:35.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español a veces se habla de &quot;un saco lleno de gatos&quot; para describir una situación caótica, incontrolable. Tal vez podría aprovecharse ese modismo para hacer una traducción, por ejemplo &quot;transportar un saco lleno de gatos&quot; o algo parecido según el contexto donde se utilice la expresión original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19114" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T15:03:35.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25674" CreationDate="2018-03-29T18:11:11.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard the following words in spanish, in order of frecuency:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debuguear (debug spanglish). Voy a &lt;em&gt;debuguear&lt;/em&gt; el software&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Depurar (debug). Voy a &lt;em&gt;depurar&lt;/em&gt; el software&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Corregir (mend). Voy a &lt;em&gt;corregir&lt;/em&gt; el software - It means a major problem&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Purgar (purge). Voy a &lt;em&gt;purgar&lt;/em&gt; el software - It means minor problems&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Arreglar (fix). Voy a &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt; el software - It means a major problem&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pulir (polish). Voy a &lt;em&gt;pulir&lt;/em&gt; el software - It means minor problems  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forget the word &lt;em&gt;despulgar&lt;/em&gt;, somebody might believe you're talking of a dog instead of a software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: Chile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastEditorUserId="13645" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T20:48:27.983" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T20:48:27.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="74" CreationDate="2018-03-29T19:08:13.470" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The full history of these words is somewhat interesting (to me at least). If you will indulge a somewhat long explanation ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we go back around 5000 years, our linguistic ancestors, the Proto-IndoEuropeans were living Western/Southwestern Asia. Their language, PIE, was a very sophisticated language, very different from anything that exists today, though many features of the language have survived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One interesting aspect of PIE was that there was nothing like &quot;prepositions&quot; as they exist today. So, for example, in the English sentence &quot;Go with me&quot;, the verb is &quot;go&quot; and the prepositional phrase &quot;with me&quot; modifies it. The pronoun &quot;me&quot; is the object of &quot;with&quot;. In PIE, it was distinctly different. The pronoun would be the object of the verb: &quot;Go me&quot;. The &quot;with&quot; would be what is called a particle word, which gives context to the relationship between &quot;go&quot; and &quot;me&quot;. Word order in PIE (as with Latin, Ancient Greek, Sanskrit, and many other ancient languages) was much more free than in many modern languages, because of inflections in the nouns, pronouns, and verbs. So for this phrase the word order could look like &quot;me go with&quot;, &quot;with go me&quot;, &quot;go me with&quot;, or other variations. There would be no loss of clarity. And again, the &quot;with&quot; would not be associated with &quot;me&quot; alone but would be associated with &quot;me&quot; and &quot;go&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In PIE, the word for &quot;me&quot; was *hme (or *me depending on which scholar you ask). The word for &quot;with&quot; was *kom. In Latin these words became &quot;me&quot; and &quot;cum&quot;, respectively. What appears to have been the case, at least for the PIE ancestors that reached Italy, was that placing *kom after *hme (and other accusative pronouns) was especially common. In other words, &quot;*hme *kom&quot;, &quot;*te *kom&quot;, etc. would be the most common word ordering. It was, in fact, so common that it stuck in Latin: &quot;me cum&quot;, &quot;te cum&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what is interesting here is that, in Latin, the concept of particle words virtually disappeared entirely (whereas they still exist to a great degree in German, English, and some other languages). In Latin these particles changed into strict prepositions and adverbs (in most cases). So the particle word *kom became the preposition &quot;cum&quot;. And as with all prepositions in Latin, all prepositional objects of &quot;cum&quot; come AFTER the preposition. So logically &quot;with me&quot; should be &quot;cum me&quot;. However, as mentioned, the word order &quot;me cum&quot; was highly ingrained in Latin from its ancient history, despite this violating the prepositional rule. So what happened in Latin was that &quot;me cum&quot; became an adverb &quot;mecum&quot; (and similarly &quot;tecum&quot;, &quot;nobiscum&quot;, etc.). By making it a single word, there was no violation of the prepositional rule. Hence these odd little adverbs that existed in Latin throughout Antiquity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we come to Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. The Western Roman Empire has brought in huge numbers of foreign tribes, the Goths in particular, to man its armies and perform other functions that the Romans do not want to do. Although these tribes live in the Empire, they are not granted citizenship and are segregated from the Romans themselves. They learn Latin, but very bad Latin. Some scholars have described the language they developed as a &quot;creole&quot; of Latin and Gothic, i.e. inspired by Latin but not really Latin. These tribes eventually overthrew their Roman masters and hence we have the Middle Ages. The languages that emerged in much of Europe really evolved from this &quot;creole&quot;, not really Latin proper. In this creole, there were many rapid changes to the language, some uniform, some regional. One that occurred was that, because &quot;mecum&quot; seemed to violate the standard rules of Latin, the Iberians hypercorrected this to &quot;cum mecum&quot; (&quot;with me-with&quot;). But, of course, as that was not quite right either that quickly became a single word, &quot;cum-mecum&quot;. And then, as the Iberian languages evolved, this became &quot;conmigo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that wasn't too long-winded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19116" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-29T21:09:14.500" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T21:09:14.500" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25680" CreationDate="2018-03-29T22:47:49.240" Score="5" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading this article: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-43406080&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Qué hay realmente detrás de las multimillonarias donaciones de Jeff Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg y la nueva generación de filántropos tecnológicos?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Towards the middle of the article, there are these two sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Pero que &lt;strong&gt;tengan&lt;/strong&gt; tanta libertad de acción y no &lt;strong&gt;necesiten&lt;/strong&gt; rendir cuentas es también peligroso&amp;quot;, añade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y advierte que el hecho de que nadie los &lt;strong&gt;fiscalice&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;es algo que debería asustarnos&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence, I kind of get why subjunctive is used (&amp;quot;tengan&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;necesiten&amp;quot;). It's the speaker's opinion that it's &amp;quot;dangerous&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm confused by &amp;quot;fiscalice&amp;quot; in the second sentence. We're talking about a fact, so why is subjunctive used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19028" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T02:07:38.067" Title="Why is subjunctive used when talking about a fact?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25679" CreationDate="2018-03-30T12:47:46.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is indeed complicated in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right that in the first case it is the opinion on the part of a speaker that leads to the use of the subjunctive. Even if it is a &lt;strong&gt;fact&lt;/strong&gt; that they have freedom to act and that they don't need to render account, we need the subjunctive there because the situation is considered to be dangerous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;También es &lt;strong&gt;peligroso que tengan&lt;/strong&gt; tanta libertad de acción y no &lt;strong&gt;necesiten&lt;/strong&gt; rendir cuentas --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Que tengan&lt;/strong&gt; tanta libertad de acción y no &lt;strong&gt;necesiten&lt;/strong&gt; rendir cuentas es también peligroso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar sentences whose subject starts with &quot;que&quot; will use the indicative mood if no opinion is stated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que la tierra &lt;strong&gt;gira&lt;/strong&gt; alrededor del sol es algo que hasta un niño debería saber. (= Hasta un niño debería saber que la tierra gira alrededor del sol.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other case -- which is definitely harder to explain -- the subjunctive is &lt;strong&gt;optional&lt;/strong&gt;. We could in fact also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y advierte que el hecho de que nadie los &lt;strong&gt;fiscaliza&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;es algo que debería asustarnos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the subjunctive there, apart from introducing some slight uncertainty, can be accounted for by the fact that, if we take &quot;es algo que&quot; out, the subjunctive will be, if not required, at least much more usual than the indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debería asustarnos que nadie los &lt;strong&gt;fiscalice&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-03-30T12:47:46.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-03-30T15:31:47.650" Score="1" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word was used to describe someone in a 1930s census, the others were occupations, school and the like, but on looking up the word, one of its meanings is a stepping stone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SI1Jq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SI1Jq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18916" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T20:46:10.627" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T21:40:09.113" Title="Can &quot;pasadero&quot; be used to mean a visitor?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;escritura-manuscrita&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25681" CreationDate="2018-03-30T17:18:17.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The column heading for &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; column says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parentesco&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  o razón&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de convivencia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con el&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cabeza de&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  familia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means «relationship or reason why that person is living with that family».  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word itself looks more like «&lt;strong&gt;posadero&lt;/strong&gt;» to me, which means «innkeeper». (Notice that the second letter in «p&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;sadero» looks exactly like the 'o' in «Ch&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;fer» and «J&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;rnalero», but different than the 'a' in those same words. So definitely «posadero».) It might make sense for an innkeeper to live in the same house than the family they are hosting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The column for the profession is the one to the left and it says «jornalero» (day laborer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T21:40:09.113" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T21:40:09.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25679" CreationDate="2018-03-30T23:51:25.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was curious to see the context before the two sentences you quoted.  The Callahan quotes are from an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csw8gl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interview he did with BBC Business Daily&lt;/a&gt;.  Here's what he actually said in this section (which starts at approximately the five-minute mark).  The journalists over at BBC Mundo removed some repetitive material and pulled out Callahan's message in a pithy way with some artful paraphrasing.  Your two sentences are in bold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Philanthropy by its nature is               &quot;La filantropía, por su propia          &#xA;not very democratic.  These                 naturaleza, no es muy democrática       &#xA;philanthropist foundations,                 Los filántropos,  las fundaciones, no   &#xA;they're accountable to nobody;              rinden cuentas a nadie&quot;, subraya        &#xA;they can do what they want                  Callahan.  &quot;Pueden hacer lo que         &#xA;with their money and that can               quieran con su dinero y eso puede       &#xA;be a very good thing, because               ser muy bueno, porque pueden            &#xA;they can take the kinds of risks            asumir riesgos que los gobiernos        &#xA;that government officials can't             y las empresas no, porque los           &#xA;take, who are accountable to v              primeros deben rendir cuentas           &#xA;oters, or that corporations can't           ante sus votantes y los segundos        &#xA;take, because they're accountable           ante los accionistas. En ese sentido    &#xA;to shareholders.  Philanthropists           los filántropos tienen mucha            &#xA;have a lot of leeway to push                libertad de acción para impulsar        &#xA;forward dramatic ideas that may             ideas muy rompedoras&quot;, explica.         &#xA;be unpopular or may be risky.                                                       &#xA;The downside is they're not                 &quot;Pero que tengan tanta libertad de      &#xA;accountable and have a lot of               acción y no necesiten rendir            &#xA;leeway, right?  So the same thing           cuentas es también peligroso&quot;,          &#xA;that's a strength of philanthropy           añade.                                  &#xA;is also a danger because you have                                                   &#xA;particularly now, these billionaires        Y advierte que el hecho de que          &#xA;who already have so much power              nadie los fiscalice &quot;es algo que        &#xA;in our society - they will power            debería asustarnos&quot;.                    &#xA;through their political donations,                                                  &#xA;through their control of big                                                        &#xA;corporations like google or facebook                                                &#xA;or amazon, and now they're also                                                     &#xA;moving into the area of civil society                                               &#xA;through their large-scale philanthropy                                              &#xA;and exercising a lot of power there.                                                &#xA;So this is a scary thing.                                                           &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia in English&lt;/a&gt; has some helpful material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is a grammatical mood (that is, a way of speaking that&#xA;  allows people to express their attitude toward what they are saying)&#xA;  found in many languages. Subjunctive forms of verbs are typically used&#xA;  to express various states of unreality such as wish, emotion,&#xA;  possibility, judgment, opinion, obligation, or action that have not&#xA;  yet occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subjunctives occur most often, although not exclusively, in&#xA;  subordinate clauses, particularly that-clauses. Examples of the&#xA;  subjunctive in English are found in the sentences &quot;I suggest that you&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; careful&quot; and &quot;It is important that she &lt;strong&gt;stay&lt;/strong&gt; by your side.&quot; (The corresponding indicative forms of the verbs in bold would be are&#xA;  and stays.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most useful parts of this for your question, I think, are &quot;judgment&quot; &#xA;and &quot;Subjunctives occur most often in that-clauses.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; has something helpful too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toma el carácter subjetivo de posible, probable, hipotética, creída, deseada, temida o necesaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the most relevant part for your question is &quot;hipotética.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pundit explained in the interview that this new type of philanthropy is uncharted territory.  That's the trigger for the subjunctive here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be helpful to think about these sentences this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But the prospect that [these neophilantropists] could have so much leeway and not need to be accountable is also dangerous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He warns that the prospect that no one would be providing financial oversight is something that should frighten us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T02:07:38.067" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T02:07:38.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25684" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25685" CreationDate="2018-03-30T23:52:09.633" Score="6" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure that there's a fancy word for &lt;em&gt;heel click&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish that I can't remember.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm referring to the gesture of joy that's done by performing an aerial click of both heels, just in case you're wondering. If you cannot visualise how it's like, just search for images on your favourite engine.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've spent a long time searching and the best I've been able to find is &quot;taconeo&quot; and &quot;taconazo&quot;, which aren't THE word (as soon as I see it, I'll recognise it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be appreciated because I've come to a dead end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT. It's more or less like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SanbE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SanbE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19124" LastEditorUserId="19124" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T22:52:13.630" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T22:52:13.630" Title="&quot;Heel click&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25684" CreationDate="2018-03-31T00:03:17.093" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's magic! I've remembered it right now! :/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was &lt;a href=&quot;http://que-significa.com/significado.php?termino=zapateta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;zapateta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (which is quite a funny word, by the way):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f. Golpe que se da en el pie o zapato.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Brinco que se da chocando los zapatos entre sí:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;el niño hacía zapatetas para demostrar su entusiasmo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pl. Golpes que se dan con el zapato en el suelo en ciertos bailes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19124" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T17:14:12.747" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T17:14:12.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25681" CreationDate="2018-03-31T00:36:16.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I checked the Diccionario de la lengua española and it turns out &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S2EV23Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasadero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is an obsolete way of saying &lt;em&gt;transient&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. desus. transitorio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;desus.&quot; is short for &quot;desusado&quot; or &lt;em&gt;no longer used&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This fits with &lt;em&gt;jornalero&lt;/em&gt; much better than innkeeper.  So, I would answer your question with a &lt;strong&gt;yes, sort of&lt;/strong&gt;.  Perhaps this worker was at this address for a few days working on a project -- for example, preparing the ground for a patio, digging an outhouse, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You were also interested in understanding &quot;jornalero.&quot;  I don't know what period and place your census entry is from, but I can say that in Mexico &lt;em&gt;jornalero&lt;/em&gt; is used for an unskilled laborer, as opposed to someone who's been trained in a trade.  For example, the &lt;em&gt;jornalero&lt;/em&gt; might dig the trenches to lay the foundation for a house; the &lt;em&gt;albañil&lt;/em&gt; would mark where to dig and would do the stonemasonry to lay the foundations.  There are plenty of other tasks a &lt;em&gt;jornalero&lt;/em&gt; could do -- that was just an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd venture a guess that the daughter works at the school in some capacity, and that the age was misunderstood, because &quot;colegio&quot; doesn't fit with a two-year-old even now, and in previous years, two-year-olds didn't go to school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T01:42:55.823" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T01:42:55.823" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13274" CreationDate="2018-03-31T10:45:16.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are called pronombres personales átonos &lt;em&gt;enclíticos&lt;/em&gt; and you can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F7C4wja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an example on RAE's online dictionary&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sigue&lt;/em&gt; is the 2nd person singular imperative for &lt;em&gt;follow&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, object pronouns such as &lt;em&gt;me, te, se, lo, la, le, nos, os, los, las, les&lt;/em&gt; are called &lt;em&gt;átonos&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish because the accent goes somewhere else, more precisely on the verb before, which they join in this case because it's in imperative mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phenomenon's called &lt;em&gt;enclisis&lt;/em&gt; and it also happens in other Romance languages, as Italian and Galician.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up, &lt;em&gt;síguenos&lt;/em&gt; it is an actual word and means &quot;follow us&quot;, physically or online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19124" LastEditorUserId="19124" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T13:47:04.647" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T13:47:04.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24057" CreationDate="2018-03-31T12:22:07.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mejor explicación de la etimología, sin relación con la cerveza (de esto me ocupo más abajo), que he podido encontrar es &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?can.a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín &lt;i&gt;canna&lt;/i&gt;. De ahí&#xA;  también las palabras &lt;em&gt;canal&lt;/em&gt;, &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;canela&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;canuto&lt;/em&gt;. La palabra&#xA;  latina &lt;em&gt;canna&lt;/em&gt; parece haber sido tomada del griego&#xA;  &amp;#954;&amp;#945;&amp;#957;&amp;#8061;&amp;#957; (&lt;i&gt;kanon&lt;/i&gt;). El griego, a su vez, parece haberlo tomado del acadio,&#xA;  de donde también viene &amp;#1602;&amp;#1575;&amp;#1606;&amp;#1608;&amp;#1606;&#xA;  (&lt;i&gt;qanun&lt;/i&gt; = ley) en árabe y &amp;#1511;&amp;#1504;&amp;#1492; (&lt;i&gt;qaneh&lt;/i&gt; =&#xA;  caña) en hebreo.&#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;         La caña se refiere a un tallo de planta, como el bambú, que está hueco por dentro. De ese tallo se pueden fabricar vasos para&#xA;  beber vino o cerveza. De ahí que en Chile, &amp;quot;&lt;b&gt;agarrar&#xA;  caña&lt;/b&gt;&amp;quot; quiere decir emborracharse y &amp;quot;&lt;b&gt;andar con la caña&#xA;  mala&lt;/b&gt;&amp;quot; es andar con resaca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y esto es una versión corregida procedente de la misma fuente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra latina &lt;i&gt;canna&lt;/i&gt; es un préstamo del griego, pero no de &amp;#954;&amp;#945;&amp;#957;&amp;#974;&amp;#957;, sino de&#xA;  &amp;#954;&amp;#940;&amp;#957;&amp;#957;&amp;#945;, que significa cálamo de escribir,&#xA;  también estera, cerca o cesto de junco o caña. Se considera que en&#xA;  todo caso &amp;#954;&amp;#945;&amp;#957;&amp;#974;&amp;#957; (caña o vara de medir) es un&#xA;  probable derivado de &amp;#954;&amp;#940;&amp;#957;&amp;#957;&amp;#945;. [Pierre] Chantraine afirma&#xA;  que en efecto &amp;#954;&amp;#940;&amp;#957;&amp;#957;&amp;#945; es un préstamo semítico,&#xA;  relacionado con el acadio &lt;i&gt;qanu&lt;/i&gt;, el ugarítico y el púnico&#xA;  &lt;i&gt;qn&lt;/i&gt;, y el hebreo &lt;i&gt;qan&amp;#275;&lt;/i&gt;. Pero la forma semítica sería&#xA;  a su vez un préstamo del sumerio &lt;i&gt;gin&lt;/i&gt;.&#xA;       &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede verse, la web anterior recoge etimologías verosímiles; pero no es una autoridad ni aporta referencias, por lo hay que tomar esta información con cautela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos ahora a la pregunta en sí...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora vamos al meollo de la cuestión. Al menos donde yo vivo (norte de España), &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; llamamos &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; a la cerveza servida a presión, lo que en inglés denominan &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draught_beer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;draught beer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Si aquí pides una &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt;, en ningún caso te servirán una cerveza de botellín en vaso cilíndrico, con independencia de lo que diga el DRAE. Es más, aquí entendemos &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; como la forma corta de &lt;em&gt;cerveza de caña&lt;/em&gt;, una suerte de aféresis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta esto, el origen de &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; referida a la cerveza sería la forma en que se sirve. Veamos una imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tMeNf.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tMeNf.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado investigando un poco y hay múltiples diseños para servir cerveza a presión, pero todos tienen en común que la cerveza discurre desde un barril hasta el grifo a través de un &lt;em&gt;caño&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;cañería&lt;/em&gt;. Estos &lt;em&gt;caños&lt;/em&gt; se ven más claramente en diseños antiguos. Ten en cuenta que, para que la cerveza salga a presión, la tubería debe ser ancha al principio y estrecha al final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MXTLb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MXTLb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta misma línea, por estas latitudes el vaso cilíndrico o ligeramente cónico se conoce como &lt;em&gt;vaso de caña&lt;/em&gt;, lo que indica que su nombre viene de la cerveza a presión que típicamente se sirve en él, y no al revés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparentemente el uso ha hecho que, más al sur, tanto la cerveza como el vaso se denominen &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt; a secas. Y este último ha dado lugar a que, por metonimia, también su contenido sea una &lt;em&gt;caña&lt;/em&gt;. Esto no es una teoría infundada porque, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draught_beer#Canned_and_bottled_%22draught%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, en inglés ha sucedido algo parecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En resumidas cuentas, mi respuesta se basa en no hacer demasiado caso al DRAE, pero considero que en este caso concreto es lo más sensato, aunque no sea una buena idea en general. Además, hay que tener en cuenta que la RAE tiene su sede en Madrid e, inevitablemente está más influida por el español de esa zona que por el resto de la hispanidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19124" LastEditorUserId="19124" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T22:57:57.760" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T22:57:57.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="446" CreationDate="2018-03-31T13:14:28.670" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The historical pronunciation of these letters underwent a few changes in the evolution from Latin to modern Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Word initial &amp;quot;u/v&amp;quot;, word initial &amp;quot;b&amp;quot;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This phonetic contrast appears to have continued into Old Spanish, given that medieval scribes distinguished fairly consistently between words that began with &amp;quot;u/v&amp;quot; (= /β/) and words which began with &amp;quot;b&amp;quot; (= /b/):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/w-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/β-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/b-/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vacca/uacca → vaca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;/ˈwak.ka/ → /ˈβa.ka/ → /ˈβa.ka/ → /ˈba.ka/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Vul Lat&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Old Spa&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;15C Spa.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/b-/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bucca(m) → boca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;/ˈbuk.ka/ → /ˈbo.ka/ → /ˈbo.ka/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Vul Lat&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Old Spa&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Mod. Spa.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Word internal &amp;quot;u/v&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;b&amp;quot;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the phonetic contrast between these was lost in Old Spanish, and as such the spellings in Old Spanish mostly used &amp;quot;v/u&amp;quot; to represent [-β-], the modern revised orthographies maintain the etymological spellings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/-b-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β-/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;habēre → auer → haber&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;/aˈbeɾe/ → /aˈβeɾ/ → /aˈβeɾ/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Vul Lat&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Old Spa&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Mod. Spa.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/-w-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β-/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sĕrvīre → seruir → servir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;/seɾˈwiɾe/ → /seɾˈβiɾ/ → /seɾˈβiɾ/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Vul Lat&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Old Spa&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Mod. Spa.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Word internal &amp;quot;p&amp;quot;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In medieval Spanish, words that had /-p-/ in Latin are fairly consistently spelled with a b, implying that they were actually pronounced with [-b-] rather than [-β-].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/-p-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-b-/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β-/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lupus → lobo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;/ˈlu.pus/ → /ˈlobo/ → /ˈloβo/&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Med Spa&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Old Spa. (15c)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Syllable final &lt;code&gt;/b/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8. Adjustments due to vowel syncope&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, syllable-final /b/ (realized as [β]) was generally semivocalized to [w], although this latter sound was later lost through assimilation if it followed a back vowel (see the codo example below):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;/-p/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-b/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-w/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;capitālis → cabdal → caudal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;cap(i)tālem → [kaβˈðal] → [kawˈðal]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;     &lt;code&gt;/-b/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-w/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;debita → debda → deuda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;dēb(i)ta → [ˈdeβða] → [ˈdewða]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;     &lt;code&gt;/-b/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-β/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/-w/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;∅&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cubitus → cobdo → codo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;cŭb(i)tum → [ˈkoβðo] → [ˈkowðo] → [ˈkoðo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;absentia&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;ausencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;baptista&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;bautista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;captivar&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;cautivar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;rapĭdus&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;raudo&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm#semivowels&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm#semivowels&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Fonolog%C3%ADa_y_fon%C3%A9tica_hist%C3%B3ricas_del_e.html?id=uDe6NAEACAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fonología y fonética históricas del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Manuel Ariza Viguera (p.120-130)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-18T09:55:07.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15239" CreationDate="2018-03-31T23:07:14.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to answer this question with more than anecdotal information, but for the most part that's all we have. In my experience, people nowadays write in longhand using the proper accent marks and punctuation, but tend to leave that out when typing, except when the occasion calls for it (e.g. when typing a CV or a formal letter). This is of course if they learned the proper orthography in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leaving out the accent marks seldom produces confusion, but it may pose a problem in some cases. &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;yes&quot;) vs. &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;if&quot;) is one notorious case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish-language natives recognize &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; as an individual letter distinct from &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;; the tilde ~ over &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; is not counted among the accent marks, and is never left out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt; is rather rare and mostly not essential for understanding; I'd say (but I have no hard data, of course) many more people leave it out in handwriting than they do the accent marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research has shown that handwriting helps children identify and produce letters; this is probably because of what is colloquially known as muscle memory. When we learn to write by hand (first single letters, then whole words), our brain keeps a memory of the movements and gestures, the starts and stops, etc., which is why in time each of us develops a distinctive handwriting. This is not the case with typing, since every letter is produced using more or less the same movement (i.e. depressing a key or hitting a small area on a tactile screen). Maybe this is why we keep using the proper marks we've learned as children when we write by hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-01T21:23:08.897" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:23:08.897" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25684" CreationDate="2018-04-01T12:15:52.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, your mileage may vary. Although &lt;em&gt;Zapateta&lt;/em&gt; is common in Spain, the definition I read you post, is more akin to a kid &lt;em&gt;kicking&lt;/em&gt; and screaming as in &lt;em&gt;throwing a fit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you describe in your question would be better understood as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;talonazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which is a kind of military/martial move.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is strongly associated with fascist regimes, though!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/KD-BNCyJb7Y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/KD-BNCyJb7Y&lt;/a&gt; (check the honor guard relieving shift at 2:25. This is 1980s Santiago de Chile although one could easily assume its a scene from 1920s Germany, complete with Stahlhelms and Hugo-boss inspired uniforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a decidedly elegant, but not a popular move throughout Spanish speaking countries: its a reminder of the Spanish civil war, or the South American military dictatorships.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the &quot;boot click&quot; you are referring to? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T12:15:52.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25698" CreationDate="2018-04-01T17:02:58.493" Score="4" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;Habiendo leído &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23883/17605&quot;&gt;esto&lt;/a&gt;, tengo una pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En finés tenemos conjunciónes alternativas para clarificar casos como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a y b) y (c y d)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Típicamente la palabra para 'y' es 'ja', pero puede también ser 'sekä' o 'ynnä'. El ejemplo arriba puede decirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a ja b sekä c ja d&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos ir hasta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;((a y b) y (c y d)) y ((e y f) y (g y h))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a ja b sekä c ja d ynnä e ja f sekä g ja h&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tenemos 'tai' y 'taikka' para 'o' y 'vai' y 'joko a tai b' para 'xor'. (La distinción entre 'tai' y 'vai' no es tan clara en verdad.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta: ¿hay estructuras similares en español? No me refiero al caso 'o' vs. 'u'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-04-01T21:49:02.317" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:49:02.317" Title="Conjunciones alternativas" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25693" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-01T18:22:09.803" Score="3" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to &lt;em&gt;Deja Vu&lt;/em&gt; by Shakira / Prince Royce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The opening line has this phrase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú me abriste las heridas que daba por curada con tequila...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;daba por curada&quot; actually a phrase? I was expecting something like &quot;había curado&quot; instead, but a search on the internet only returns the &quot;daba por curada&quot; result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18142" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-01T21:48:51.620" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:48:51.620" Title="Does the expression &quot;daba por curada&quot; exist and what does it mean?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2018-04-01T19:38:51.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dar por + &lt;em&gt;participle&lt;/em&gt; = take as + &lt;em&gt;participle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It basically means that &quot;dar por curadas&quot; means &quot;take as healed&quot;, as in &quot;presume the wounds are healed&quot;. It's like if you're the tester and you approve that their state is such that they can be treated as helaed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same way, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dar por hecho = dar por supuesto = take for granted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in your example, you're talking about &quot;las heridas&quot; (the wounds), so it would be &quot;daba por curadas las heridas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T19:38:51.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-01T21:19:42.407" Score="5" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do native speakers write in Spanish when typing, with regards to punctuation, accent marks and &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;? Do we leave out accents, opening question marks, etc.? What problems might this pose to the reader? Is it permissible or advisable for a foreign language student of Spanish to do away with these marks, or for a native communicating with foreign language students?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question was motivated by one &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15239/everyday-usage-of-accent-marks-in-handwriting/&quot;&gt;about handwriting&lt;/a&gt;, which seems to be more conservative. As per the suggestion by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/9385/aparente001&quot;&gt;aparente001&lt;/a&gt;, I'm making it here and moving part of the other question's answer here at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T02:14:30.610" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T02:14:30.610" Title="Usage of accent marks and punctuation when typing" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25696" CreationDate="2018-04-01T21:19:42.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I said &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25690/14627&quot;&gt;elsewhere&lt;/a&gt;, in my experience, people write in longhand using the proper accent marks and punctuation, but tend to leave that out when typing except when the occasion calls for it, as in, for example, when typing a CV or a formal letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leaving out the accent marks seldom produces confusion, but it may pose a problem in some cases. &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;yes&quot;) vs. &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;if&quot;) is one notorious case. The diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt; is definitely not a problem. I'll be hard-pressed to think of a word that could conceivably be misread due to its missing a diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most if not all people will leave out the opening question and exclamation marks when typing. Most will also leave out the full stop after a paragraph, and many will substitute a comma for a stop in mid-paragraph. Many drop the stops and commas altogether, which sometimes makes for confusing texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further simplifications are common as well; some are only found in typed texts, while others have been common in fast handwriting (such as in note-taking) for ages (e.g. substituting &lt;em&gt;q&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish-language natives recognize &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; as an individual letter distinct from &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;; the tilde ~ over &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; is not counted among the accent marks, and is never left out.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One would think that predictive dictionaries and autocorrect software on most devices should be enough to avoid the disappearance of accent marks, at least (e.g. if you type &lt;em&gt;lapiz aleman&lt;/em&gt; on your cellphone, the autocorrect should change it immediately to &lt;em&gt;lápiz alemán&lt;/em&gt;), but it seems that's not happening. There are many Spanish words (especially verbs) that are correct both with and without a given accent mark, which surely explains why the autocorrect doesn't do its job, since it has no real contextual awareness (if you write &lt;em&gt;tiro&lt;/em&gt;, it has no way of knowing whether you really meant &lt;em&gt;tiro&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I throw&quot; or &lt;em&gt;tiró&lt;/em&gt; &quot;he threw&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-01T21:25:37.750" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:25:37.750" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25692" CreationDate="2018-04-01T21:43:07.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existen propiamente conjunciones que cumplan la función de asociar más o menos fuertemente las frases. Existen, sí, algunas expresiones muy comunes que permiten agrupar o asociar de esta manera, y que para los fines prácticos funcionan como conjunciones. Se me ocurre, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;junto con&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hoy vienen a cenar papá y mamá junto con mi tía y su novio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Serviremos pollo y cerdo junto con ensaladas y puré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede recurrir a utilizar adverbios como &lt;em&gt;además&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt; luego de la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vimos a mi amiga Ana y su esposo y además a Juan y Pedro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden organizar los grupos dentro de alguna estructura del tipo &lt;em&gt;tanto... como...&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;por un lado... por el otro...&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tanto el presidente y su comitiva como los ministros y secretarios se alojan en este hotel.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tenemos por un lado quesos y fiambres y por el otro frutos secos y especias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, una simple pausa puede servir también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T21:43:07.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24065" CreationDate="2018-04-02T07:01:47.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya se ha adelantado en los comentarios, en la noticia a la que haces referencia la palabra &lt;em&gt;escalo&lt;/em&gt; se usa con su primera acepción: &quot;acción de escalar&quot;. Podemos verlo en noticias como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariodehuelva.es/2018/01/12/dos-detenidos-robo-escalo-dos-viviendas-san-juan/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt; (elimino el resaltado de la noticia original y hago el mío propio):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Guardia Civil y la Policía Local de San Juan del Puerto procedieron a la detención de dos varones [...] por un supuesto delito &lt;strong&gt;robo con escalo&lt;/strong&gt; producidos en dos viviendas de la localidad. [...] Las investigaciones llevaron a la identificación de dos jóvenes que [...] &lt;strong&gt;subían a un balcón trasero&lt;/strong&gt; de una de las viviendas y seguidamente &lt;strong&gt;saltaban hacia uno de los patios&lt;/strong&gt; para acceder al interior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa &lt;em&gt;robo con escalo&lt;/em&gt; para indicar que se ha accedido al lugar del robo trepando o colándose por algún lugar poco habitual o no destinado a tal efecto. Sin embargo, sí es cierto que la palabra &lt;em&gt;escalo&lt;/em&gt; tiene una según acepción que, efectivamente, recuerda a la de la palabra &lt;em&gt;butrón&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente, no encuentro en el CORDE ningún caso que me haga pensar en esa acepción. Lo curioso es que en el diccionario esa segunda acepción fue en realidad la primera que apareció en el diccionario. En 1184 el DLE definía la palabra así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trabajo de zapa ó taladro practicado para evadirse de un lugar cerrado ó penetrar en él ocultamente y con dañado propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y añade que viene de la segunda acepción de &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt;, que por entonces era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abrir rompiendo alguna pared, tejado, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ponía como ejemplo &quot;escalar la cárcel&quot;. Resulta llamativo rastrear el significado del verbo &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt;, ya que en 1732 el de Autoridades definía la palabra así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner escálas à una casa, muralla ò pared para entrar dentro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usaba en el contexto del asalto a una ciudad, como en el ejemplo que pone: &quot;Los Soldados de Scipión pretendieron por allí &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt; la Ciudád&quot;. De hecho este sentido sigue siendo la primera acepción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G6T25Xg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escalar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hoy día (y la de &quot;abrir una pared&quot; es la cuarta), aunque en realidad la acepción más usada sea la sinónima de &quot;trepar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos pues que la palabra &quot;escalo&quot; también tuvo en su día el significado de &quot;entrar abriendo agujeros con propósitos dañinos&quot;. El problema es el ya comentado: que la palabra &quot;escalar&quot; se usa hoy como &quot;trepar&quot;, y por tanto un &quot;robo con escalo&quot; se entiende como un &quot;robo con escalada&quot;. El uso de &lt;em&gt;escalo&lt;/em&gt; para denominar a a acción de robar mediante el uso de agujeros en estructuras fue sustituido por el uso de &lt;em&gt;butrón&lt;/em&gt;, que entra en el diccionario en 1983 como &quot;agujero que los ladrones hacen en techos o paredes para robar&quot;, indicándose que es una palabra procedente de la germanía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T07:01:47.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25703" CreationDate="2018-04-02T09:47:42.343" Score="13" ViewCount="5872" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14627/pablodf76&quot;&gt;@pablodf76&lt;/a&gt; said in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25697/12637&quot;&gt;an answer to another question&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Leaving out the accent marks seldom produces confusion, but it may pose a problem in some cases. &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;yes&quot;) vs. &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;if&quot;) is one notorious case. The diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt; is definitely not a problem. I'll be hard-pressed to think of a word that could conceivably be misread due to its missing a diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wonder, is there a pair of Spanish words that only differ in a diaeresis over &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;, so that the diaeresis is needed to tell them apart?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T23:10:06.730" Title="Is there a pair of Spanish words that only differ in a diaeresis over &quot;u&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25700" CreationDate="2018-04-02T09:47:42.343" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found this pair of words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JsLQqfq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;guito, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;guitón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Ar. Dicho de un animal de carga: Que es falso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JsLQvVF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;güito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Hueso de una fruta, especialmente de albaricoque.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pito que fabrican los niños con el hueso de un albaricoque.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. sombrero (‖ prenda para la cabeza).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T09:47:42.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-02T09:49:11.053" Score="5" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español no es el idioma más sintético, pero tiene sus palabras compuestas. Hace que existan familias de palabras con estructura bastante similar, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay anglohablantes, francohablantes e hispanohablantes aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible omitir la repetición en esta clase de frases? Algo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay anglo-, franco- e hispanohablantes aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es posible, ¿suena natural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T09:50:43.447" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T13:52:28.660" Title="¿Hay manera de cortar listas de palabras compuestas?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;estilo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25700" CreationDate="2018-04-02T11:16:26.350" Score="15" Body="&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;gu&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;gü&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9mfhZTD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coligue&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9moBxac&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coligüe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JoyeGlu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guifa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JoyvpEc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güifa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JozuEom&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guija&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jp2YTUb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güija&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jr7zgmv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guipe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jr9pNFb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güipe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JpuXHbo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guincha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JpuBhDR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güincha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JpuXHbo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guinche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JpuBhDR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güinche&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JpvLCn8%5D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guinche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JsLQqfq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guito&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Js4gu0Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JsLQvVF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNmlooy%7CKNoqKXx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;higuera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;higüera (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrFjlrE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güira&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3Kf3iD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pingue&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3YZlm7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pingue&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3Zh4yS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pingüe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And noting &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNj75F6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;higuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KNlL7KL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;higüela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can be spelt with or without the diaeresis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/de-higueras-e-higueras-5618/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/de-higueras-e-higüeras-5618/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-14T23:10:06.730" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T23:10:06.730" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-02T11:34:39.427" Score="3" ViewCount="513" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos dos palabras perfectamente válidas que pueden hacer las veces de &quot;post&quot; tanto en su versión como sustantivo como en su versión como verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYSCFcN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publicación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. publicatio, -ōnis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de publicar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Escrito impreso, como un libro, una revista, un periódico, etc., que ha sido publicado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYVs4Cj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publicar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. publicāre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Hacer notorio o patente, por televisión, radio, periódicos o por otros medios, algo que se quiere hacer llegar a noticia de todos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Hacer patente y manifiesto al público algo. &lt;em&gt;Publicar la sentencia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Revelar o decir lo que estaba secreto u oculto y se debía callar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Correr las amonestaciones para el matrimonio y las órdenes sagradas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Difundir por medio de la imprenta o de otro procedimiento cualquiera un escrito, una estampa, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, cada vez que me tengo que referir a una publicación hecha en este sitio, aludiendo de forma genérica tanto a preguntas, como a respuestas e incluso comentarios, me sale solo el decir &lt;em&gt;un post&lt;/em&gt; o incluso usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;postear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo las definiciones del DLE, se echa en falta una específica sobre las nuevas tecnologías, como hace por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/post&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Post (verb) : to publish (something, such as a message) in an online forum (such as an electronic message board).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Post (noun) : something (such as a message) that is published online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usos del verbo &lt;em&gt;postear&lt;/em&gt; se pueden encontrar desde hace más de una década:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recientemente he visto el interés de varios experimentados profesionales peruanos, residentes en esta área, por regresar al Perú y se me ocurrió sugerir a CARETAS que publique una sección de oportunidades laborales. Esta sección tendría alcance internacional en su edición de la Internet y ustedes podrían cobrar una tarifa a las empresas interesadas en 'postear' sus avisos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caretas, 13/06/1996 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sigue hoy día, ya incluso sin el uso de las comillas para indicar el neologismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La credibilidad asignada a los diferentes tipos de &quot;tweets&quot; que se postean, es variada. Los twitteros institucionales tienen mayor credibilidad cuando se trata de actualización de información relevante; sin embargo, los twitteros individuales gozan de mayores seguidores dependiendo de su perfil.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Casas, María de la Luz: «Capítulo 2. TWITTER, ¿HERRAMIENTA PARA LA EXPRESIÓN PRIVADA, LA PARTICIPACIÓN PÚBLICA O LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACUERDOS? LA PARTICIPACIÓN EN REDES SOCIALES DESDE LA TEORÍA DE LA ACCIÓN SOCIAL». Islas, Octavio; Ricaurte, Paola [coords.]: Investigar las redes sociales. Comunicación total en la sociedad de la ubicuidad. México, D. F.: Razón y Palabra, 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, quería preguntar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Está el uso de &quot;postear&quot; extendido sobre &quot;publicar&quot; cuando se habla de publicar artículos (mensajes, preguntas, respuestas, comentarios, etc.) en medios online en los países de habla hispana? Nota: en el diccionario de americanismos hay una entrada para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=postear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;postear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con otras acepciones además de la que se trata aquí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si es así, ¿cuál es el motivo? ¿Acaso la palabra &quot;publicar&quot; está demasiado arraigada a las editoriales y medios impresos, y la gente que usa Internet ha encontrado en el neologismo &lt;em&gt;postear&lt;/em&gt; la acepción que faltaba? La idea que tengo es que a menudo para &quot;publicar&quot; algo es necesaria la aprobación de un editor externo (frases como &quot;me han publicado el artículo/libro/etc&quot; no son raras), mientras que para &lt;em&gt;postear&lt;/em&gt; no es necesario ese paso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Existe alguna otra palabra en español (tal vez &quot;mensaje&quot;) que pueda hacer las veces de &quot;post&quot; en su acepción de &quot;publicación online&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T12:02:44.140" LastActivityDate="2019-10-05T16:42:35.497" Title="¿Cuál es el problema de usar &quot;publicar&quot; o &quot;publicación&quot; en vez de &quot;postear&quot; o &quot;post&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25704" CreationDate="2018-04-02T12:22:53.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buenas: En respuesta a tu primera pregunta, hay que tener en cuenta que muchos países latinoamericanos se han visto muy incluidos por el idioma inglés. Así, y como bien dices, en el diccionario de americanismos, aparece el término &lt;em&gt;postear&lt;/em&gt;. En español, la palabra que yo usaría sería publicación, pero dado a la mayoría de personas latinoamericanas en el lenguaje español, nos hemos &quot;acostumbrado&quot; a muchos de los términos empleados allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, que yo conozca, no tenemos una palabra tan específica como publicación online, al menos que se use habitualmente. Si quiero usar sinónimos, podría usar &lt;em&gt;entrada&lt;/em&gt;, o en menor medida, y no tan exactamente &lt;em&gt;comentario&lt;/em&gt;. También usaría &lt;em&gt;mensaje&lt;/em&gt;, como tú bien dices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que esto te haya resuelto la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19135" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T12:22:53.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25702" CreationDate="2018-04-02T12:25:09.187" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un texto formal yo no lo usaría ya que es preferible usar palabras largas y con repetición para no caer en un posible error aunque para acortar y de modo informal yo no tendría problema en usarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19135" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T12:57:28.263" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T12:57:28.263" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25704" CreationDate="2018-04-02T13:36:40.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es una respuesta parcial -- no tengo respuesta para la tercera parte de tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando pienso en la &quot;publicación&quot;, imagino algo que pasó por un proceso más o menos riguroso de revisión; cuando pienso en un &quot;post&quot;, pienso en algo que se ofreció quizás más a la ligera.  No sé si esto es objetivo, y francamente, en la época en que el español era mi idioma dominante, el uso del internet no había explotado todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mensaje&quot; desgraciadamente no me parece ideal como alternativa de &quot;post&quot; porque para mí &quot;mensaje&quot; es algo que se dirije a un individuo o a un grupo de individuos bien definidos, mientras que cuando algo se ofrece en el internet, la idea es hacer una difusión menos definida y más amplia.  Y se pierde todo control sobre el uso del texto.  Incluso se puede tergiversar y hasta deformar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T13:36:40.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25702" CreationDate="2018-04-02T13:52:28.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto esto muchas veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al guion: en inglés depende si el texto queda claro sin guion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prefixes (such as de-, pre-, re-, and non-[10]) and suffixes (such as -less, -like, -ness, and -hood) may or may not be hyphenated. (The unhyphenated style is also called closed up or solid.) A rule of thumb is that they are not hyphenated unless the lack of a hyphen hurts clarity—specifically, clarity at first glance rather than clarity upon a second look or a moment's pause. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphen#Prefixes_and_suffixes&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro nada parecido para el español, desgraciadamente.  De hecho encontré lo contrario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se desea unir en coordinación dos prefijos asociados a una misma palabra base, el primero de ellos se escribe de forma independiente y con guion, para evidenciar su condición de forma prefija y evitar, al mismo tiempo, la repetición de la base: Se harán descuentos en casos de pre- o recontratación de servicios.  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=guion&amp;amp;origen=REDPD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T13:52:28.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2955" CreationDate="2018-04-02T18:35:18.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish does not have a verb that is a direct translation of &quot;like&quot; in common usage. &quot;Gustar&quot; is more accurately translated as &quot;please&quot; or &quot;is pleasing&quot;: &quot;This pleased you and five others&quot;. Also note that &quot;ti&quot; is the objective second-person pronoun. In English, we use the same word, &quot;you&quot;, for both subjective and objective second-person, but in Spanish they are, respectively, &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;ti&quot;. &quot;You&quot; is actually in many ways more analogous to &quot;usted&quot;, with the English versions of &quot;tú&quot; and &quot;ti&quot; being cognates of &quot;thou&quot; and &quot;thee&quot;, which have fallen out of favor; note that, like &quot;you&quot;, &quot;usted&quot; is ambiguous as to whether it's a subject or object. So &quot;A ti y 5 otras personas más le gusta esto.&quot; can be translated as &quot;To thee, and five other persons more, is pleasing this&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding to this is that Facebook has co-opted the verb &quot;like&quot; to mean not &quot;is pleased by&quot;, but &quot;pressed the 'like' button&quot;; this creates such formulations as &quot;Like us on Facebook&quot;, where it would be unidiomatic to use the traditional meaning of &quot;like&quot; in the imperative. Arguably, it would make more sense for Facebook to find some other verb in Spanish, such as &quot;aprobar&quot;, and then say &quot;Han aprobado tú y cinco otras más esto&quot; (&quot;personas&quot; seems unnecessary to me, but that might just be due to it being frequently omitted in English). If one wants to be nitpicky, whether it should be &quot;esto&quot; or &quot;esta&quot; would depend on what is being &quot;liked&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17814" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T18:35:18.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5529" CreationDate="2018-04-02T18:58:50.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, you should not use Google Translate to assess linguistic correctness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, to answer your question to the letter, there are some exceptions where the sentence might not start with a capital letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;units and other abbreviations have been mentioned: pH, kg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a sentence could start with with an inverted exclamation or question mark. &lt;em&gt;¿No es verdad?&lt;/em&gt; There might be some controversy about what is a sentence in this case, though.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a sentence might start with a quotation mark.&lt;em&gt;“Sí”, dije yo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a sentence might start with a Unix command. Unix commands are case sensitive, and using uppercase would be a big error. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ls&lt;/strong&gt; es un comando del sistema operativo Unix.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a sentence might start with a proper name that does not start with a capital letter. Though often people capitalize the name anyway, I prefer to use the correct form. &lt;em&gt;'t Hooft es un físico neerlandés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9711" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T18:58:50.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4873" CreationDate="2018-04-02T20:30:46.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico it's also common to commiserate by saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni modo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means, there's nothing one can do about it.  This phrase has a certain tinge of fatalism which is quite common in Mexico.  While I can understand why people respond that way, that attitude is not my personal style.  You can decide if you want to use it -- but at any rate, you'll now understand the phrase when you hear it.  It's quite common, in many contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in an answer that the moderators deleted, there's a less polite version of this (which means basically the same thing):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ni pedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't recommend that a foreigner use this phrase, though, as the literal meaning of &quot;pedo&quot; is &lt;em&gt;fart&lt;/em&gt;.  My guess is that it sprang up as an alternative to &quot;ni modo&quot; because it sort of rhymes and it's sort of a playful variant of the original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another idea&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to express the same idea, in an informal way, but without any vulgarity at all, here are two responses you would commonly find in Mexico, at least:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te preocupes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No hay cuidado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And either of these could be softened by adding &quot;Mano/a&quot; (short for &lt;em&gt;hermano/a&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;brother&lt;/em&gt;) or &quot;Hombre&quot; (&lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;, but works for either gender).  If there's an age difference, then the softener could instead be &quot;Compañero/a&quot; or &quot;Señor/Señora.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T15:49:46.267" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T15:49:46.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17600" CreationDate="2018-04-02T23:13:32.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to guifa's comment, some contemporary 'native' words &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; have (RAE-accepted) spellings retaining a 'z':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQelXMx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zelote/zelota&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQwABIN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zeugma&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQamnKY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zegrí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQmR26S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zendal&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRXmDGJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zipizape&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRg817G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zis&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQBzz4w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRZyj7V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ziranda&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fu2c5Lc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enzima&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRKa83j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zimógeno&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQR9ZTG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zeda&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQvB56G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zeta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Note: not the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;encima&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While many are registered with both forms as acceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;alternate orthography with &amp;quot;c&amp;quot;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQaQFCz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zedilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=863q17o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cedilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ejZSJ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azimut&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0Tzdf1q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acimut&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0U1VOjx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azimutal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0U1VOjx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acimutal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EN2bZvI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eczema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJE3d7t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eccema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;eczematoso&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;eccematoso&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RNcMUoE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ozena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QrR0oxm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQP3THs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zebra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=859NMWz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cebra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQoIUWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zenit/zénit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8DWpJ3a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cenit/cénit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQiAA30&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zempasúchil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8BqIcgM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cempasúchil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRR1ChF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zinzontle&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cQuaB7v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zenzontle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8HDPZMp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cencontle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cR7miBO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zigoto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9CTwJpN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cigoto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cR17pQm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zigofiláceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9CG3Qp7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cigofiláceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cR18vo9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zigomático&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9CIlMpB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cigomático&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cR76Qdq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zigomorfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9CKh65R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cigomorfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRQFqUd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zingiberáceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9GdbfRt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cingiberáceo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRO2Lnm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zincuate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8CnU7Ss&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cencuate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRblYaz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zircón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9JG5CVi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;circón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;zircona&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;circona&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;zirconio&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;circonio&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;zirconita&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;circonita&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And these odd doublets where there is a contemporary sound difference between the two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;z&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;c&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DJeFPrR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despeluzar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DJdazKI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despelucar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EG6JL4v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dulzamara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EFI79h3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dulcamara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the loans:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;z&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;c&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5MSZKHS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;benzina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5LEfEYZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bencina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cROvFzS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zíngaro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9GdLn1P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cíngaro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NsQ1KTO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;magazín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NsC6UpN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;magacín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And those taken from proper names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;z&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;c&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRNNLet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zinc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Ery70I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cinc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cRQpl8N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zinnia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9GjtHpy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cinia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2B3Izdh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alzhéimer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:26:54.227" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:26:54.227" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25714" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25716" CreationDate="2018-04-03T01:29:50.647" Score="2" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game! If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Consider Her Ways&lt;/em&gt; is a 1956 science fiction novella by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wyndham&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;John Wyndham&lt;/a&gt;. It was published as part of a 1961 collection with some short stories called Consider Her Ways and Others (where it forms over a third of the book). The title is from Proverbs, Chapter 6, verse 6: &quot;Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The story is mostly a first-person narrative. It begins with a woman (Jane Waterleigh) who has no memory of her past waking up and discovering that she is a mother of some description, in a bloated body that is not her own:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There was nothing but myself. I hung in a timeless, spaceless, forceless, void that was neither light, nor dark. I had entity, but no form; awareness, but no senses; mind, but no memory. I wondered, is this - this nothingness - my soul? And it seemed that I wondered that always, and should go on wondering it for ever... But, somehow, timelessness ceased.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a (non-golfed) example translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; No había nada excepto yo misma. Flotaba en un vacío sin tiempo, espacio o influencias que no era ni luminoso ni oscuro. Tenía entidad, pero no forma; conciencia, pero no sentidos; mente pero no memoria. Me pregunté, es esta - esta nada - mi alma? Y pareció que me lo pregunté por siempre y debía seguir preguntándomelo por toda la eterindad... Pero, de alguna manera, la ausencia de tiempo finalizó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="17605" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T08:53:06.047" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T14:31:55.993" Title="Translation Golf XXXVII - Consider her ways" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-03T01:30:00.960" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19254" CreationDate="2018-04-03T01:31:05.677" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Puerto Rican Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/29504/20700&quot;&gt;Linguistics SE&lt;/a&gt; question, a study on Puerto Rican Spanish speakers showed that they pronounce orthographic &amp;quot;v&amp;quot; &lt;code&gt;/b/&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;[v]&lt;/code&gt; more than half the time, but never pronounce orthographic &amp;quot;b&amp;quot; &lt;code&gt;/b/&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;[v]&lt;/code&gt;. The author suggests it may be an effect of hypercorrection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Native Spanish speaking college students in San Juan, Puerto Rico that are bilingual in English to some degree are interviewed to perform audio-recorded speaking tasks. &lt;strong&gt;Results show that labiodentals are undoubtedly produced for Spanish phoneme /b/, but are done so exclusively for orthographic v.&lt;/strong&gt; On average, grapheme v was pronounced as a labiodental 56% of the time. Grapheme b was never pronounced as a labiodental. In addition to orthography, the results speculate that labiodentals are also conditioned by speech style or formality, as labiodental frequency reduced when tasks became more informal. Variables such as cognate status, phonetic context, and English language contact and abilities did not prove to be substantial linguistic and social factors. Ultimately, the results suggest little to no correlation between labiodental production and English language contact and abilities. Instead, labiodentals in this study appear to be a case of hypercorrectness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sccur.org/sccur/fall_2016_conference/oral_talks/237/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vienbenidos a San Juan: on the pronunciation of Spanish phoneme /b/&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Jazmine Exford&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Judeo-Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judeo-Spanish, a sister language of modern Spanish also descended from Old Spanish, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Spanish-Ladino/Grammar/Ladino-Phonology.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maintains a distinction&lt;/a&gt; between /b/ and /v/:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Letter&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Sound&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;b&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;[b]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;boca, bever, blanco&lt;br&gt; basho, abashar&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;v&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;[v]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;vaca, ver, viaje&lt;br&gt; devda, bivda, sivdad&lt;br&gt;(cf. esp. &lt;em&gt;deuda, viuda, cuidad&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;-v-&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;[v ~ ß]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;avlar, alavar, luvia&lt;br&gt;(cf. esp. &lt;em&gt;hablar, alabar, lluvia&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-14T12:10:16.993" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T12:10:16.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25714" CreationDate="2018-04-03T08:31:41.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;127 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sola en un vacío atemporal, ingrávida, sombría, amorfa; mi yo no sentía ni recordaba. &quot;¿Es esto mi alma?&quot;, parecía preguntarme in sécula... hasta que se hizo el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4CSrFLq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Atemporal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LraXAQt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intemporal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = que existe fuera del tiempo o lo trasciende.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Las39Nh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ingrávida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = no sometida a la gravedad = no sometida a fuerza alguna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YKduqpI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sombría&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = en sombras. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YK6utrG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sombra&lt;/a&gt; = oscuridad más o menos completa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2PoFcRh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amorfa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = sin forma bien determinada (gracias, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25714/translation-golf-xxxvii-consider-her-ways#comment42050_25716&quot;&gt;yotanka&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cCEHAgu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = parte consciente del individuo, que establece la propia identidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XQ6JRTs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;In sécula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = eternamente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hacer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = darle a algo el primer ser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T07:25:35.263" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T07:25:35.263" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-03T08:31:41.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25714" CreationDate="2018-04-03T11:21:45.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;148 caracteres de &amp;quot;Español&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was nothing but myself.¹ I hung² in a timeless³, spaceless⁴, forceless⁵, void⁶ that was neither light, nor dark⁷. I had entity, but no form⁸; awareness, but no senses⁹; mind, but no memory¹⁰. I wondered, is this - this nothingness¹¹ - my soul? And it seemed that I wondered that always, and should go on wondering it for ever... But, somehow, timelessness ceased¹².&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin tiempo³, tenebro ni luz⁷, flotó² ⁵. Ni ser, ni nada⁸,  despierta en mi mundo interior⁴ ⁹, ¿en la solitud¹ de mi alma vacía¹⁰ ¹¹? Me pierdo en preguntas, quizá eternamente. Pero no: en nada⁶, empezó el tiempo¹².&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⁴ No hay espacio externo en un mundo interior; no hay sentidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⁸ No un ser entero, pero tampoco nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien. Estoy listo para mi juicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T07:06:38.477" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-03T11:21:45.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25700" CreationDate="2018-04-03T12:19:24.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Garguero&lt;/em&gt; admite las dos formas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IuTn98e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;garguero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IuVRAjc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gargüero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19150" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T12:20:58.880" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T12:20:58.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25721" CreationDate="2018-04-03T12:26:41.687" Score="6" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you explain to me why the combinations of two vowels are stressed differently? Are both of these combinations diphthongs? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I found the proper explanation here &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learn-spanish-amigos.com/diphthongs-in-spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.learn-spanish-amigos.com/diphthongs-in-spanish.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now I do not understand this part there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the first of 2 weak vowels coming together is accented, two&#xA;  syllables are formed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fluido (Flu-i-do) (fluid)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18914" LastEditorUserId="18914" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T12:58:00.717" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T00:05:33.547" Title="cAusa but veAmos (strong, weak vowels)" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25719" CreationDate="2018-04-03T13:01:42.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no rule on how to place stress in combinations of vowels. It is the other way around. Any two vowels can be stressed in any way and, depending on whether they are both in the same syllable, and whether they are strong or weak, they either form diphthongs or they don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples the vowels are divided into syllables like this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;+ Causa = Cau-sa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;+ Veamos = Ve-a-mos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in &lt;em&gt;causa&lt;/em&gt; the two vowels are in the same syllable and in &lt;em&gt;veamos&lt;/em&gt; they are in different ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The combination &quot;au&quot; is considered a diphthong, as you already found, and the combination &quot;ae&quot; is not, as they are both strong vowels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the second question: As I said before, any vowel could be the stressed one, so the reference says that in case of two weak vowels together &lt;strong&gt;if the stress is on the first one&lt;/strong&gt; then they are pronounced as two separated syllables. And if they are in separated syllables then there is no diphthong. Again my point is that it is not that the combination of syllables tells you how to pronounce the word, but the pronunciation tells you if it is &lt;em&gt;diptongo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;hiato&lt;/em&gt; or neither.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After trying to look for other examples I think the &lt;strong&gt;fluido&lt;/strong&gt; example shows that perhaps the reference is wrong and it should say &lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;first&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The syllable split for &lt;em&gt;fluido&lt;/em&gt; in the reference is fine but the stress is on the i  (flu-&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;-do) because if the stress were on the &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; then the word would be considered &lt;em&gt;esdrújula&lt;/em&gt; for having the stress on the third syllable (counting backwards) and then it would be written flúido. The main thing is that the pronunciation would put the two vowels in different syllables so there would be no diphthong there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a diphthong with ui combination is &lt;em&gt;buitre&lt;/em&gt; (bui-tre) where both vowels are pronounced as one syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you got confused thinking that this is a rule on how to pronounce a combination of vowels but for me diphthongs are not ways to help you pronounce words. The way to know how to pronounce a word is a combination of knowing this plus watching if the word has a &quot;acute accent&quot; (&lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; á é í ó ú) and knowing when these &lt;em&gt;tildes&lt;/em&gt; are used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T00:05:33.547" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T00:05:33.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25719" CreationDate="2018-04-03T14:39:23.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The webpage you consulted makes a dreadful mix of phonetics (how things are pronounced) and orthography (how things are written) and is also not really using proper terms. So let's begin by that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The so-called &quot;strong vowels&quot; are in fact the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;open or low vowel&lt;/a&gt; /a/ and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mid vowels&lt;/a&gt;: /e/ and /o/. A &quot;strong&quot; vowel is always syllabic and can always receive stress. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The so-called &quot;weak vowels&quot; are the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;close or high vowels&lt;/a&gt;: /i/ and /u/. The special thing about these high vowels is that they can become &lt;strong&gt;non-syllabic&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. semiconsonantic, pronounced [j] and [w] respectively (like the English glides written &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;w&lt;/em&gt;). Non-syllabic vowels are by definition part of a diphthong.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two vowels next to each other in Spanish may or may not form a diphthong. If they don't, they are said to be in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiatus_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hiatus&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strong vowels next to each other are always in hiatus.¹&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A strong vowel next to a weak one (in either order) can form a diphthong or not. If they don't, then the weak vowel must be marked with an accent mark (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;strong&gt;í-o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;river&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;o-í&lt;/strong&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to hear&quot;). A strong+weak vowel group in an unstressed syllable is always a diphthong.²&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now on to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two weak vowels next to each other are most often pronounced as a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/rising-diphthong&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;rising diphthong&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; = [wi], as in English &lt;em&gt;we&lt;/em&gt; or French &lt;em&gt;oui&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;iu&lt;/em&gt; = [ju], as in English &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;). The exceptions are few: &lt;em&gt;fluido&lt;/em&gt; is often pronounced as three syllables, with a hiatus between &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/falling-diphthong&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;falling diphthong&lt;/a&gt; ([muj]). You can also find a hiatus in the verb &lt;em&gt;huir&lt;/em&gt; [u.ir] and its derivates (depending on who's speaking), though not in &lt;em&gt;fui&lt;/em&gt; [fwi], etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The combination &lt;em&gt;iu&lt;/em&gt; is also almost always a diphthong, as in &lt;em&gt;ciudad, viuda, diurno, oriundo&lt;/em&gt;, but it can have a short hiatus in &lt;em&gt;triunfo&lt;/em&gt;. This might have something to do with the fact that there's a glide &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://glossary.sil.org/term/onset&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;syllable onset&lt;/a&gt;, in the same way that there's an &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;fluido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ Strong vowels next to each other are always &lt;em&gt;formally&lt;/em&gt; in hiatus, &lt;em&gt;but&lt;/em&gt; that's not really the case in fast speech, where unstressed &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; often become higher (closer to &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;) and non-syllabic. This is common across word boundaries and recognized especially in poetry (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synalepha&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;synalepha&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;² A strong+weak vowel group in an unstressed syllable is &lt;em&gt;nearly&lt;/em&gt; always a diphthong. As pointed out in this question about &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19445/por-qu%C3%A9-los-verbos-terminados-en-iar-se-dividen-en-dos-acentuaciones-distint&quot;&gt;verbs ending in &lt;em&gt;-iar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-uar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, there are instances of unstressed &lt;em&gt;ia, ie, ua, ue&lt;/em&gt; in some conjugations where the vowels are pronounced in hiatus. These verbs include &lt;em&gt;fiar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;adecuar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;actuar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T16:25:07.883" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T16:25:07.883" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25723" CreationDate="2018-04-03T19:22:30.333" Score="7" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ll#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;claims&lt;/a&gt; that the Ꝇ / ꝇ is an old ligature for &lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;) in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An old ligature for &lt;em&gt;Ll&lt;/em&gt; is known as the &amp;quot;broken L&amp;quot;, which takes the form of a lowercase &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; with the top half shifted to the left, connected to the lower half with a thin horizontal stroke. This ligature is encoded in Unicode at U+A746 (uppercase) and U+A747 (lowercase) and displayed (by the browsers that allow it) Ꝇ and ꝇ respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this claim is uncited and I can find no other references to its use in Spanish handwriting (nor as a printed character) anywhere online, except for a single (again, un-cited) short comment on one &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17652/si-existe-la-%C3%B1-por-qu%C3%A9-no-la-r%CC%83-o-la-l%CC%83&quot;&gt;stack-exchange post&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, para el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; existió la ele rota, una ligadura de dos eles: Ꝇ ꝇ, pero no estoy seguro si se usaron de manera significativa en textos castellanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know anything more about its usage historically in Spanish (or have any examples of its use)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; What sparked my curiosity was the Catalan artist Domènec Fita i Molat's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/catalan/comments/70q8eo/cursive_ll_ll_in_catalan_%EA%9D%87_%EA%9D%87/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apparent&lt;/a&gt; stylistic use of it in the name &lt;em&gt;Lluc&lt;/em&gt;, in his design of &lt;a href=&quot;https://c1.staticflickr.com/6/5150/5595541719_72070fc4c8_b.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the evangelist's light&lt;/a&gt; in the Sagrada Família.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user Anárion is the originator of this information in the Wikipedia page, adding it as part of an edit at 09:25, 21 February, 2005‎ (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ll&amp;amp;oldid=10490678&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;archived version of page&lt;/a&gt;). It was added uncited (like many additions at the time), and seems to have remained as an unchecked legacy paragraph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:58:22.010" Title="Spanish use of the 'Broken L' (Ꝇ / ꝇ)?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25722" CreationDate="2018-04-03T20:03:55.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at that page with the accompanying video I don't see a broken &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; , it's just one L written over another to ligature the first &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; with the u — that's actually not that rare to see modifications like that, especially for highly stylized settings.  For example, you can find some inscriptions where a letter after an &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt; might be written in the space above it the &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read a lot of medieval documents, but I've never seen anything close to the Nordic broken &lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt;.  A common abbreviation using the letter L looks like an l with an apostrophe sticking out of it, as in gl’a (&lt;em&gt;gloria&lt;/em&gt;), but it never represented &lt;em&gt;LL&lt;/em&gt;. But in such slower style writing, a double lowercase L takes less time to write than the broken L, as the former is two single strokes and the latter a single and a double, and doesn't really save space.  In fact, the single downward stroke &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; was used even in connected writing styles, and it wasn't until the very cursive styles that the L began to adopt the loop style that it has now, but at that point the abbreviations were less used (mainly because that style was used by notaries and they charged by the page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T20:03:55.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25725" CreationDate="2018-04-03T23:42:51.323" Score="1" ViewCount="1375" Body="&lt;p&gt;For affirmative tú commands, if you say “cut it”,  then “it”, “lo”, would have to go on the end of “cut”, “corta”, which would then look like, “córtalo”. Is this the same for affirmative usted(es) commands? Would it look like “córtalo” or “lo corta”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T07:14:16.793" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T07:14:16.793" Title="Affirmative usted(es) and tú commands" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25724" CreationDate="2018-04-04T00:09:16.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperative mood (commands) works the same: the object pronoun (for example &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, as you say) goes after the verb and joined to it. But the verb conjugation is not the same. You already know the form for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;. I will exemplify it with a direct object pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; and three regular verbs, one for each verb ending:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cortar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;córtalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;mételo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ábrelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; you must already know that the verb takes third-person endings. For the imperative mood with these, you use verb conjugations that correspond to the subjunctive mood. They are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cortar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;córtelo (usted)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;córtenlo (ustedes)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;métalo (usted)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;métanlo (ustedes)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;ábralo (usted)&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ábranlo (ustedes)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, the endings for the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;-imperative have an &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; where the endings for &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; have an &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; and viceversa. The endings for the &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;-imperative have this as well, and they add an &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T00:09:16.150" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25755" CreationDate="2018-04-04T08:26:22.817" Score="10" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NOTA: He modificado sustancialmente esta pregunta tras consultar en Music Theory &lt;a href=&quot;https://music.stackexchange.com/q/69616/49491&quot;&gt;la diferencia entre &quot;chorus&quot; y &quot;refrain&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leyendo sobre teoría de la música y estructura de canciones, veo que en inglés usan dos palabras para referirse a lo que nosotros conocemos como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GzV3CkN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estribillo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;chorus&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;refrain&lt;/em&gt;. No parece haber un consenso acerca de cuál es la diferencia entre ambas, aunque algunos usan &lt;em&gt;chorus&lt;/em&gt; como el estribillo propiamente dicho, y &lt;em&gt;refrain&lt;/em&gt; cuando no hay un estribillo como tal pero si alguna parte de la canción que se repite a veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://music.stackexchange.com/q/69616/49491&quot;&gt;la pregunta que hice en Music Theory&lt;/a&gt; puse como ejemplos los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chorus&lt;/em&gt;: la parte del &quot;We all live in a yellow submarine&quot; en la canción de los Beatles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refrain&lt;/em&gt;: el hecho de que todos los párrafos en &lt;em&gt;The sound of silence&lt;/em&gt; acaben repitiendo el título de la canción de la misma forma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las respuestas parece concordar conmigo diciendo que este razonamiento parece válido. Pero con independencia de cuál sea la distinción que se haga en inglés, ¿se hace en teoría de la música en español esta distinción? Si es así, ¿cuál es el término que se podría usar, en su caso, para la figura musical usada en &lt;em&gt;The sound of silence&lt;/em&gt; de repetir un verso fijo cada X tiempo, sin que llegue a ser un estribillo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo para observar la diferencia entre ambos conceptos: &lt;em&gt;So far away&lt;/em&gt; de Dire Straits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Here I am again in this mean old town&#xA;And you're so far away from me               &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;And where are you when the sun goes down&#xA;You're so far away from me                   &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    So far I just can't see                  | estribillo&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    You're so far away from me, all right    |&#xA;&#xA;I'm tired of being in love and being all alone&#xA;When you're so far away from me              &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;I'm tired of making out on the telephone&#xA;'Cause you're so far away from me            &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    So far I just can't see                  | estribillo&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    You're so far away from me, all right    |&#xA;&#xA;And I get so tired when I have to explain&#xA;When you're so far away from me              &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;See you've been in the sun and I've been in the rain&#xA;And you're so far away from me               &amp;lt;-- frase que se repite&#xA;&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    So far I just can't see                  | estribillo&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;    You're so far away from me               |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-06T11:12:05.213" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T13:39:07.800" Title="¿Tienen nombre en español las partes de una canción que se repiten pero no son el estribillo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25728" CreationDate="2018-04-04T08:58:26.883" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jugando un poco con el diccionario, veo que hay algunas raíces que producen verbos para dos terminaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZOl6PnN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Temar&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZPXY3qZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;temer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKUCmXp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tejar&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKibnfG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tejer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8M0MAxV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cerner&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8ML9BHk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cernir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YnCnvLH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Surcar&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YnEsofm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Surcir&lt;/a&gt; (varía la pronunciación pero me valdría).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XRxDOOj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Segar&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XT8l8aE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seguir&lt;/a&gt; (misma pronunciación y distinta escritura, también me valdría).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero de momento no he conseguido dar con ninguna raíz que produzca los verbos correspondientes a cada una de las tres terminaciones posibles. ¿Existe tal raíz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T10:24:03.170" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T10:46:37.960" Title="¿Existe alguna raíz que produzca verbos válidos para las tres terminaciones?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25727" CreationDate="2018-04-04T09:52:02.100" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Hay una!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VwiNfiQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;rendar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VwkynFY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;render&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vx2mt0Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;rendir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24298/1674&quot;&gt;List of words&lt;/a&gt; tenemos un enlace a una &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/javierarce/palabras/blob/master/listado-general.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista de unas 80 mil palabras&lt;/a&gt; y haciendo algo de &lt;em&gt;scripting&lt;/em&gt;* obtuve ese resultado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro algunas otras combinaciones interesantes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0FWz6W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;compeler&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0HLxdJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;compelir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (son sinónimas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0o8FgX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;competer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A0rP4Nu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;competir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (la 1.ª tiene una acepción sinónima, pero en desuso, de la 2.ª)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lx0PEQl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;interromper&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Lx11HLa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;interrumpir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (son sinónimas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Cogí la lista y extraje solamente las que terminan en &quot;r&quot;. Ese fichero lo procesé con Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def lee():&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;Lee el fichero y guarda las raíces en conjuntos, &#xA;    para poder buscar después coincidencias.&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    lineas = []&#xA;    bloques = {&#xA;        'ar': set(),&#xA;        'er': set(),&#xA;        'ir': set()&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    with open('verbos.txt', 'r') as f:&#xA;        for linea in f:&#xA;            linea = linea.rstrip()&#xA;            lineas.append(linea)&#xA;            terminacion = linea[-2:]  # coge la terminación&#xA;            stem = linea[:-2]  # coge la raíz de la palabra&#xA;            bloques[terminacion].add(stem)&#xA;&#xA;    return lineas, bloques&#xA;&#xA;def busca_majas(ar, er, ir):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;Detecta intersecciones entre las raíces.&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    print(&quot;ar - er:&quot;, ar.intersection(er))&#xA;    print(&quot;ar - ir:&quot;, ar.intersection(ir))&#xA;    print(&quot;er - ir:&quot;, er.intersection(ir))&#xA;    print(&quot;total:&quot;, ar.intersection(er).intersection(ir))&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;    lineas, bloques = lee()&#xA;    ar = bloques['ar']&#xA;    er = bloques['er']&#xA;    ir = bloques['ir']&#xA;    busca_majas(ar, er, ir)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se guarda este script en un fichero &lt;code&gt;algocharlie.py&lt;/code&gt;, se puede ejecutar con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;grep -E '(ar|er|ir)$' lista_palabras.txt &amp;gt; verbos.txt&#xA;python algocharlie.py&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T10:46:37.960" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T10:46:37.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25727" CreationDate="2018-04-04T10:23:49.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VwiNfiQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rendar&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VwkynFY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;render&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vx2mt0Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rendir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(rendir y render son sinónimos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Código de SQL ( &lt;sup&gt;tiempo de ejecución: 11028ms&lt;/sup&gt; ):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT * FROM &#xA;(SELECT word FROM verbs WHERE WORD LIKE &amp;quot;%er&amp;quot;) AS x&#xA;JOIN&#xA;(SELECT word FROM verbs WHERE WORD LIKE &amp;quot;%ar&amp;quot;) AS y&#xA;JOIN &#xA;(SELECT word FROM verbs WHERE WORD LIKE &amp;quot;%ir&amp;quot;) AS z&#xA;&#xA;ON  SUBSTR(x.word, 1,LENGTH(x.word)-2) = SUBSTR(y.word, 1,LENGTH(y.word)-2)&#xA;AND SUBSTR(x.word, 1,LENGTH(x.word)-2) = SUBSTR(z.word, 1,LENGTH(z.word)-2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T10:32:41.620" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25731" CreationDate="2018-04-04T11:19:03.717" Score="4" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the title says. An &quot;O&quot; before the last syllable (-er or -ir) is often turned into &quot;ue&quot; when conjugating, e.g. &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;duerme&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vuele&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verbs ending in -ar don't: &lt;em&gt;nota&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vota&lt;/em&gt;, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, etc. ends in -er, so why aren't they &lt;em&gt;puene&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cueme&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T11:47:47.943" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T05:37:39.833" Title="Why are some &quot;o&quot; + consonant + &quot;er&quot; verbs not conjugated into &quot;ue&quot; + consonant + &quot;e&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25730" CreationDate="2018-04-04T12:32:31.647" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verbs that alternate between &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ue&lt;/em&gt; (like the verbs that alternate between &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ie/u&lt;/em&gt;) are the result of a phonetic change that happened to the &lt;em&gt;short&lt;/em&gt; /o/ and /e/ in Latin as it transitioned to modern languages (the vowels in Latin could be either long or short).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part, if you know the Latin word has a short vowel, you can predict that the change will happen, although it's not a perfect system (&lt;em&gt;correr&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;responder&lt;/em&gt; should change, but don't, at least not in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T12:32:31.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25714" CreationDate="2018-04-04T14:31:55.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo En el vacio,   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;primer idea capturada(no habia nada excepto yo, es lo mismo a estar solo en el vacio)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuelgo en la atemporalidad inherte de la nada   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;segunda idea capturada, Se requiere el uso del concepto atemporal para que la referencia en la ultima idea tenga el mismo impacto y sentido que el texto original&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existente,conciente y pensante pero aforme, insensible e inmemorable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tercer idea capturada (dividmos los positivos de los negativos para ahorrar palabras)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es esta nada mi alma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuarta idea capturada, usada en el mismo concepto que el texto original, &quot;la nada&quot; es el conjunto de nada en su totalidad, pero &quot;esta nada&quot; habla de la especifica que siente el personaje. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parecia ser esta mi eterna duda&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quinta idea capturada (se pierede ligeramente el concepto que encierra &quot;wonder&quot; y de deambular(wander) en esta idea, solo se mantiene el significado)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero entonces la atemporalidad ceso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ultima idea capturada,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T14:31:55.993" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-04T14:31:55.993" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25726" CreationDate="2018-04-04T14:52:22.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que exista el &lt;em&gt;refrain&lt;/em&gt; como tal dentro de la teoría musical en el español, ya que tanto estribillo como coro son considerados lo mismo, ya sea como  un verso o estrofa que se repiten y unen el resto de la canción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces los conceptos de &quot;estribillo&quot; y &quot;Coro&quot; pueden intercambiarse, pudiendo llamar estribillo al coro, aunque esto no siempre aplica a la inversa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea principal es por que el estribillo es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;generalmente&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; un solo verso (aunque este puede carecer de rima), mientras que el coro &lt;strong&gt;&quot;debe&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; ser una estrofa completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de estribillo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/Myn7ghLQltI?t=44s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;En algún lugar&quot; (Duncan Dhu)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;en algún lugar de un gran país&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;letra ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;en algún lugar de un gran país&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;más letra ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T18:59:05.583" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T18:59:05.583" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25739" CreationDate="2018-04-04T18:16:53.667" Score="4" ViewCount="1496" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto que los diccionarios de la lengua publicados por la Real Academia Española tienen diferentes nombres: usual, manual, esencial, del estudiante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la página web de la RAE he encontrado que el &lt;strong&gt;diccionario del estudiante&lt;/strong&gt; contiene menos voces (unas 40.000) y he visto que el &lt;strong&gt;diccionario manual&lt;/strong&gt; incluye ilustraciones, mientras que el &lt;strong&gt;usual&lt;/strong&gt; no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay otras diferencias entre ellos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T08:06:33.163" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T08:06:33.163" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre los distintos diccionarios de la lengua de la RAE?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25735" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-04T19:33:08.997" Score="2" ViewCount="1146" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8jeiRyI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chiclé&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Tecnol. En algunos motores de explosión, dispositivo que regula el paso del combustible al carburador.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero sin ninguna indicación de su procedencia. ¿Se sabe algo de su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T09:07:55.277" Title="¿De dónde viene la palabra &quot;chiclé&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25735" CreationDate="2018-04-05T00:56:01.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a la web &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?chicle.-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiclé&lt;/em&gt; (o chicler) parece ser una corrupción del francés &quot;chicleur&quot; (vaporizador). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta web, construye cada entrada en base a colaboraciones de diferentes usuarios, y hay quien apunta (o corrige) en esa misma entrada que el término correcto es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/fren/gicleur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gicleur&lt;/a&gt;&quot;  y no &lt;em&gt;chicleur&lt;/em&gt; (en diccionarios de francés, como por ejemplo wordreference, aparece &lt;em&gt;gicleur&lt;/em&gt; pero no &lt;em&gt;chicleur&lt;/em&gt;, que confirma lo aportado por el segundo usuario en esa entrada de Etimologías de Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T08:32:11.147" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T08:32:11.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25741" CreationDate="2018-04-05T02:38:06.003" Score="8" ViewCount="17214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando datos de unas canciones que tengo en mi colección. &lt;a href=&quot;https://articulo.mercadolibre.com.mx/MLM-615620816-los-llayras-corazon-adolorido-cd-1995-ediciones-fracor-_JM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este CD&lt;/a&gt; tiene versiones de unas de estas canciones, pero algunas tienen solamente “D.A.R.” como compositor:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qw4ou.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qw4ou.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Corazón adolorido&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada la naturaleza de estas canciones, creo que “D.A.R.” significa algo similar a “tradicional” o “de origen desconocido”, pero no puedo pensar en tres palabras con esta acepción que formen la abreviatura correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17150" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T20:36:06.883" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T16:13:24.017" Title="¿Qué significa “D.A.R.” en los créditos de este álbum?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;música&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25734" CreationDate="2018-04-05T05:51:36.590" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, la RAE edita diferentes ediciones de su diccionario, a saber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Academia usual&lt;/a&gt;. Conocido comúnmente como el DLE. Según cita la RAE: &quot;es la obra lexicográfica académica por excelencia&quot;. Lleva 23 ediciones, siendo la primera de 1780, y se recoge en un único tomo. Desde 2001 cuenta con una edición &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en línea&lt;/a&gt; para su consulta a través de la red, y desde 2016 se puede consultar y descargar desde una aplicación móvil. La edición de 1992, presente en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;, contiene 1513 páginas, mientras que la última edición de 2014 contiene 2432 páginas, y según su prólogo &quot;ofrece ahora 93111 entradas, con un total de 195439 acepciones&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia manual. No parece ser una obra a la que la RAE le haya dado continuidad, dado que la última edición es de 1989 (se puede consultar también en el NTLLE), siendo la primera edición de 1927. Las diferencias con el usual, según el prólogo de la cuarta edición de 1989, &quot;están en que el &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt; suprime las palabras y acepciones anticuadas [...] a la vez que añade un considerable caudal de vocablos de uso común, neologismos de carácter técnico, voces del argot más en boga, etc. [...]. Todas estas voces y acepciones, aún no incluidas en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; general, aparecen en el &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt; precedidas de un corchete ([). Este signo, en consecuencia, nos alerta sobre la realidad de su uso y nos recuerda su ausencia en la lengua oficial.&quot; Incluso recoge &quot;usos incorrectos, barbarismos, etc.&quot; que señalan mediante un asterisco (*). Aparte de esto, también contiene algunas imágenes ilustrativas. Un ejemplo: la palabra &lt;em&gt;crupié&lt;/em&gt; aparece marcada con un corchete en las cuatro ediciones del manual, pero no aparece ni siquiera hoy en el DLE (sí que lo hace &lt;em&gt;crupier&lt;/em&gt;, que también empezó en el &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt; y pasó al &lt;em&gt;Usual&lt;/em&gt; en 1992). Como curiosidad, la última edición tiene 1666 páginas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-esencial-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario esencial&lt;/a&gt;. Prosigue el espíritu del &lt;em&gt;Academia manual&lt;/em&gt;, dado que en su página web comentan básicamente lo mismo que el citado prólogo del &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt;: elimina los arcaísmos e incluye las novedades aprobadas para la siguiente edición del DLE (por no hablar de que en su prólogo lo confirman: &quot;con su planteamiento y espíritu [del &lt;em&gt;Manual&lt;/em&gt;] enlaza esta nueva obra&quot;). Seguramente ahora con las revisiones anuales que pretende hacer la RAE al DLE, este diccionario deje de tener sentido. Solo tiene una edición, de 2006. Ojeando las definiciones se comprueba que estas han sido simplificadas, eliminando acepciones poco comunes, y aun así contiene 1684 páginas en su edición impresa. Se puede consultar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/desen&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en línea&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-del-estudiante&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del estudiante&lt;/a&gt;. Dirigido a niños entre 12 y 18 años que aún están aprendiendo los entresijos de la lengua. &quot;Las voces han sido cuidadosamente seleccionadas para recoger el vocabulario fundamental que en su trabajo debe manejar un estudiante de secundaria y bachillerato. Cada definición va acompañada de uno o más ejemplos basados en el uso real, que ilustran también las construcciones y combinaciones más características.&quot; Han aparecido hasta la fecha tres ediciones de este diccionario: la primera en 2001, la segunda en 2011 (que llevaba ya incorporadas las voces aprobadas para el DLE de 2014), y la más reciente de 2016, contiene 1584 páginas y más de 40000 voces, y cuenta con una aplicación móvil para su descarga, aunque no se puede consultar en línea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-practico-del-estudiante&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario práctico del estudiante&lt;/a&gt;. Es una edición del diccionario del estudiante adaptada a los países hispanoamericanos, prescindiendo de muchas voces que solo se usan en el español europeo. Lleva dos ediciones (2007 y 2012) y contiene más de 30000 voces en sus 1544 páginas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T06:11:41.683" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T06:11:41.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25735" CreationDate="2018-04-05T08:55:04.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consultando la palabra en el fichero general de la RAE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_C/LETRA_C_I_PDF/CHICL%C3%89/00000127.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la segunda ficha&lt;/a&gt; (PDF) nos da la respuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué llamamos estúpidamente «chiclé» a esa piececilla de nuestro coche a la que los franceses llaman «gicleur» —de ahí nuestra torpe imitación fonética— y que sirve para inyectar la gasolina en el carburador?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC Madrid, 30/12/1971 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, el primer paso está dado, pero no nos quedemos ahí. Si buscamos en diccionarios etimológicos franceses obtenemos datos interesantes. El CNRTL &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/gicler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nos dice&lt;/a&gt; que &lt;em&gt;gicler&lt;/em&gt; (de la que deriva &lt;em&gt;gicleur&lt;/em&gt; y que significa &quot;brotar&quot;) proviene del francés provenzal &lt;em&gt;jicler, gigler&lt;/em&gt; y que está emparentada con otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;cisclar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cisler&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gisclar&lt;/em&gt;, teniendo todas un étimo común en &lt;em&gt;cisculare&lt;/em&gt;, que es de origen incierto aunque se estima que proviene de una corrupción de &lt;em&gt;fistulare&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tocar la flauta&quot;) influenciada por &lt;em&gt;sibilare&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;silbar&quot;). Nótese la idea de &quot;inyectar&quot; (aire en la flauta) o de &quot;brotar&quot; (aire de los labios) en todos los términos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: &lt;em&gt;fistulare&lt;/em&gt; en realidad es &lt;em&gt;tocar la fístula&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I0ugTNb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fístula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cañón o arcaduz por donde pasa el agua u otro líquido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Instrumento musical de viento, parecido a una flauta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos encontramos pues con un concepto que ya contiene la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiclé&lt;/em&gt;: el de un objeto tubular (&quot;cañón&quot;) por el que pasa un líquido (agua, aire o gasolina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T09:07:55.277" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T09:07:55.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25737" CreationDate="2018-04-05T13:15:34.683" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por una vez y sin que sirva de precedente, voy a citar &lt;a href=&quot;https://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100312161844AAr8E0j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; de Yahoo! Respuestas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso significa DERECHO de AUTOR RESERVADO, y se usa cuando el autor de la canción NO QUIERE que sea revelado su nombre, o cuando quienes ponen el crédito NO SABEN EL NOMBRE DEL AUTOR y para no quemarse y que les cobren multas en DERECHOS DE AUTOR poniendo otro nombre, ponen D. A. R.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece bastante creíble, y tiene más sentido que lo de audio digital teniendo en cuenta que lo ponen en donde normalmente se indica el autor (es cierto que en los CD se especificaba si la grabación era digital o analógica pero no se ponía ahí, que yo recuerde).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T20:36:32.570" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T20:36:32.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25667" CreationDate="2018-04-05T16:23:37.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poporote&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra que se usa en la jerga caraqueña (jerga de capital, jerga de Caracas) de Venezuela y significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Zoquete, tonto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Persona grande y tonta&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Súper-tonto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Súper-zoquete&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19169" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T18:36:31.677" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T18:36:31.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25743" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25745" CreationDate="2018-04-05T16:49:41.493" Score="1" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy traduciendo un documento de instrucciones a Español que contiene la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please call Alice between 8am-5pm Mon-Fri at (555) 123-4567&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo he traducido a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de llamar a Alice 8am-5pm Lunes-Viernes por (555) 123-4567&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no estoy seguro del artículo &quot;por&quot; antes del número de teléfono. ¿Se usa &quot;por&quot; o &quot;a&quot; o quizas algo diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19170" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T18:58:28.780" Title="El artículo correcto en &quot;llamar (por | a) &lt;número de teléfono&gt;&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25743" CreationDate="2018-04-05T17:28:31.317" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;at&quot; se traduce a &quot;a&quot;, &quot;al&quot; o &quot;en&quot;; muy rara vez (o nunca) he visto que &quot;at&quot; se traduzca a &quot;por&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuyo caso debes usar la preposición más apropiada, en este caso &quot;al&quot; o &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicar qué preposiciones se deben usar en cada caso es un tema más complicado. En este caso, podemos indicar que &quot;a&quot; y &quot;al&quot; indican una dirección a una ubicación específica, mientras que &quot;por&quot; indica una aproximación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco se usa &quot;en&quot; porque &quot;en&quot; no indica dirección, sino la localización misma. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La traducción más correcta sería: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor llamar a Alice entre las 8 am y 5 pm de lunes a viernes al (555) ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T18:58:28.780" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T18:58:28.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25743" CreationDate="2018-04-05T18:05:34.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the context, you could go for a complete sentence, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de llamar a Alice de 8 am a 5 pm lunes a viernes, en el (555) 123-4567.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could just list the relevant information, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de llamar a Alice, 8am-5pm lunes-viernes, (555) 123-4567&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the number came right after Alice, or right after the verb, &quot;al&quot; would be the right pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de llamar al (555) 123-4567&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that &quot;a Alice&quot; is awkward because &quot;a&quot; and &quot;Alice&quot; are such a mismatch of vowel sounds.  If you could put another word in between, or rearrange things, it would sound better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favor de llamar al (555) 123-4567 de 8 am a 5 pm, lunes a viernes, ahí le atiende Alice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'd encourage you to check this sort of thing at &lt;a href=&quot;http://linguee.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linguee.com&lt;/a&gt; and then ask if there's something you don't understand.  Basic proofreading of simple translations, without an explanation of what you're confused about, is off topic here.  Normally I'd just vote to close but there was already an answer contributed, which I found confusing, so I didn't want to leave you hanging.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T18:10:35.807" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T18:10:35.807" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25746" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-05T18:38:30.207" Score="2" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la página de la RAE sobre los &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt; se indica (énfasis mío):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.1. Mantenimiento de la grafía y pronunciación originarias. Se trata de extranjerismos asentados en el uso internacional en su forma original, como &lt;em&gt;ballet&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;blues&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jazz&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso se advierte de su condición de extranjerismos crudos y de la obligación de escribirlos con resalte tipográfico (cursiva o comillas) para señalar su carácter ajeno a la ortografía del español, hecho que explica que &lt;strong&gt;su pronunciación no se corresponda con su forma escrita&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no se conoce previamente la pronunciación de la palabra, y por el resalte tipográfico se sabe que su pronunciación no se corresponde con su forma escrita, ¿cómo se sabe cuál es la pronunciación correcta? Porque el DLE no la indica, limitándose a decir si es una voz inglesa o francesa o alemana ...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T19:43:07.827" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T00:56:26.417" Title="¿Cómo saber cómo se pronuncian los extranjerismos crudos?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25746" CreationDate="2018-04-05T18:46:59.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obviamente si de antemano se sabe que la forma como está escrita la palabra no es la que fonéticamente corresponde a la pronunciación del español entonces solo quedan dos opciones. O conocer del idioma original desde el que se tomó el extranjerismo o consultar alguna fuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de que sean extranjerismos ya adoptados por la RAE entonces se buscan en el diccionario de la RAE. Ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ballet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ballet&lt;/a&gt; 1. Voz francesa (pron. [balé]) que significa ‘danza clásica’ y...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el extranjerismo ya ha sido adoptado y se encuentra en el diccionario vamos a donde dice &lt;strong&gt;(pron. [])&lt;/strong&gt; y encontramos cómo se pronuncia usando la escritura y pronunciación del español. En este caso &lt;strong&gt;balé&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los ejemplos en tu pregunta el único que no tiene la pronunciación explícitamente definida en el DPD es &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;. Para los demás la RAE define la forma de pronunciarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=blues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=blues&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=jazz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=jazz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ballet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=ballet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=software&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-06T00:36:39.233" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T00:36:39.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25746" CreationDate="2018-04-05T18:50:35.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente en aquellos casos, no hay una pronunciación asentada en el idioma, por lo tanto, se escucha varias cosas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando un par de ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wifi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hay los que dicen &lt;em&gt;güifi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;guáifay&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;huifi&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;huáifay&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jazz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algunos dicen &lt;em&gt;yas&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;chas&lt;/em&gt;, y otros imitan variablemente la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; inglesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ballet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Unos dicen &lt;em&gt;balet&lt;/em&gt;, otros &lt;em&gt;balé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin que exista una pronunciación estable o estándar, no se puede dar indicaciones de pronunciación.  Pero en el caso de que sí, lo marcan, como indica &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25747/4182&quot;&gt;la respuesta de DGaleano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T18:50:35.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25754" CreationDate="2018-04-06T00:51:45.480" Score="1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it is clear when the imperfect is an habitual action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo dibujaba los lunes por la mañana.&lt;sub&gt; I used to draw on Monday mornings.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And other times it is clear that it is a continuous action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo dibujaba el lunes por la mañana.&lt;sub&gt; I was drawing Monday morning.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo hablaba cuando mi profesor me interrumpió.  &lt;sub&gt; I was speaking when my professor interrupted me.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are times when i think it is ambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rosa hacía su tarea  a las 9:00. &lt;sub&gt;Rosa [was doing] / [would do] her homework at 9:00.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eduardo bailaba y su novia cantaba. &lt;sub&gt; Eduardo [was dancing] / [would dance] and his girlfriend [was singing] / [would sing].&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T10:45:07.760" Title="When is the imperfect tense habitual or continuous?" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25746" CreationDate="2018-04-06T00:56:26.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues si la RAE no da una grabación ni símbolos fonéticos, entonces hay que probar otra fuente.  Probé dos opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Busqué en Youtube y sí, encontré un canal que ofrece grabaciones de muchas palabras, incluyendo &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt; -- pero excluyendo &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt;.  El estilo de presentación es bastante chocante.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/VERADco3_vQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/VERADco3_vQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar Google Translate si no dejas que autodetecte el idioma del input, es decir si indicas que la palabra que escribes es del español.  Luego haces clic en el micrófono (a mano izquierda) y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una desventaja de este método: sólo se presenta una variante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras que probé salieron muy bien con la excepción de &lt;em&gt;lied&lt;/em&gt;.  La máquina tomó esta palabra por algo que proviene del inglés, no del alemán, incluso cuando puse &quot;el cantante empezó con un lied.&quot;  En contraste, le salió mejor cuando puse &quot;el cantante empezó con tres lieder,&quot; aunque irracionalmente usó acento de inglés para la R de &lt;em&gt;lieder&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T00:56:26.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17773" CreationDate="2018-04-06T03:50:31.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found &quot;memorias de corto a largo plazo&quot; on &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_neuronal_artificial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an article in Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and &quot;modelo de memorias de largo a corto plazo&quot; on &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=6nGnDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA209&amp;amp;lpg=PA209&amp;amp;dq=tecnica%20de%20busqueda%20por%20cadena&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=glA8dm1gJv&amp;amp;sig=hevQCsRL0C9FheaHGkDmkv-rcfs&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjkoviA1oDaAhUBUZAKHXbVA-oQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=cadena&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a thesis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19175" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-06T06:51:07.450" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T06:51:07.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25751" CreationDate="2018-04-06T10:45:07.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right to point out that the imperfect is sometimes ambiguous, but that really only happens when you take sentences in isolation. Sometimes when you're learning a language, textbooks present such sentences to the student. In real life you basically won't ever find them in isolation, or if so, you'll have the chance to follow up with a clarifying question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of context that would resolve the ambiguity in this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the context includes a definite fact expressed in the preterit, then the imperfect is probably a continuous action (or &quot;past progressive&quot;). &lt;em&gt;Rosa hacía su tarea a las 9:00 cuando Roberto salió de la habitación.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Rosa was doing her homework at 9:00 when Roberto left the room.&quot; The fact that there's a concrete, finished event (e.g. Roberto leaving the room) sets the context for the continuous action that was taking place when that event happened (e.g. Rosa doing her homework).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This &quot;preterit in context&quot; need not be in the same sentence, of course. Suppose a text says: &lt;em&gt;Roberto salió de la habitación. Rosa hacía su tarea.&lt;/em&gt; Although there's no explicit indication, it's rather obvious that Roberto left the room while Rosa was doing her homework. This is one case where some native speakers would rather make that explicit that by saying &lt;em&gt;Rosa estaba haciendo su tarea&lt;/em&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the context includes another imperfect, it's probably all habitual: &lt;em&gt;Eduardo bailaba y su novia cantaba.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Eduardo would dance and his girlfriend would sing.&quot; This will also probably have some sort of temporal context elsewhere, e.g. a phrase like &lt;em&gt;en esa época&lt;/em&gt; &quot;at that time&quot; or &lt;em&gt;cuando eran pequeños&lt;/em&gt; &quot;when they were little&quot; or &lt;em&gt;todos los días&lt;/em&gt; &quot;every day&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Several habitual events in the imperfect may appear coordinated using pauses (commas in writing) and the conjunction &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (as above), or one may appear subordinated to the other using &lt;em&gt;mientras&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Rosa hacía su tarea a las 9:00 mientras Roberto tomaba el desayuno.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Rosa would do her homework at 9:00 while Roberto had  breakfast.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T10:45:07.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25726" CreationDate="2018-04-06T11:05:58.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, cuando hablamos de canciones, a la &lt;em&gt;estrofa&lt;/em&gt; que se repite con igual letra y música tras cada verso se la conoce como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.escribircanciones.com.ar/icomo-componer-musica/62-estructura-de-una-cancion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estribillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o, especialmente en Latinoamérica, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.landr.com/es/como-componer-una-cancion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (aunque esa acepción aún no esté en el DLE). Esto es lo que en inglés sería el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chorus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;refrain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por etimología debería ser '&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VesRhX7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refrán&lt;/a&gt;' en español, pero nadie lo llama así.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.escribircanciones.com.ar/indice-de-figuras/429-gancho.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hay quien usa el término &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;gancho&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; con un significado bastante similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consiste en una palabra, frase o sonido, que se repite a lo largo de la canción. Su función es llamar la atención y lograr captar la atención del oyente, generalmente el gancho se asocia con un motivo musical. Es de carácter breve y aparece repetido en diferentes niveles de la obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque lo normal en inglés es llamar al gancho &amp;quot;hook&amp;quot;, no &amp;quot;refrain&amp;quot;, así que no estoy seguro de si son equivalentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A falta de un término específico, algunos que podrías usar son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PwDYZFz#B6vq1Rf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;motivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En arte, rasgo característico que se repite en una obra o en un conjunto de ellas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q35TpeW#B9f5NMz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;muletilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Voz o frase que se repite mucho por hábito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También te podrían valer &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZOke7eQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tema&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N6HonBK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lema&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T11:05:58.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-06T22:05:11.190" Score="3" ViewCount="1033" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se podría traducir al español la palabra en Inglés &quot;Snowflake&quot; como es utilizada en este contexto: Cuando los &quot;snowflakes&quot; tienen una cita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/YourPageIsFunny/videos/10155691381783386/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;When snowflakes date&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según este link &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake_(slang)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake_(slang)&lt;/a&gt; . Su significado ha variado, pero puede incluir a una persona con un inflado sentido de unicicidad, que tiene un injustificado sentido de derecho propio, o que se ofende facilmente y es incapaz de lidiar con opiniones opuestas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T03:14:27.867" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T16:31:26.290" Title="Existe alguna palabra en español para la palabra del Inglés &quot;Snowflake&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="251" CreationDate="2018-04-07T04:46:52.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ustadh&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;master&amp;quot; in Arabic. I was not around when the word originated, nor has this been confirmed by any authority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-words-of-arabic-origin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Words of Arabic Origin&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; is interesting because the word itself is derived from the Spanish expression &lt;em&gt;vuestro merced&lt;/em&gt;, but in fact is phonetically similar to the Arabic word for doctor/professor: “ustadh”. In Spanish, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is a pronoun that denotes formality and is typically used when we are addressing someone in formal situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ustedes desean algo para tomar antes de pedir la comida? &lt;sub&gt;Would you like anything to drink before ordering lunch?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19180" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T14:41:44.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25667" CreationDate="2018-04-07T15:00:35.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una especulación: la palabra &lt;em&gt;poporote&lt;/em&gt; bien podría ser un aumentativo o intensificador de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;poporo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se indica en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-poporo-4104/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fondéu&lt;/a&gt;, un &lt;em&gt;poporo&lt;/em&gt; es simplemente un &quot;chichón&quot; en la cabeza, aunque la palabra se restringía a Venezuela (es de origen caribe) y dejó de usarse hace tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, &lt;em&gt;poporote&lt;/em&gt; significaría literalmente &quot;grandísimo chichón&quot;, y su valor de &quot;tonto&quot; vendría por el lado del &quot;aturdimiento&quot; que te produce un golpe en la cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y probablemente en su origen haya tenido relación con otro &lt;em&gt;poporo&lt;/em&gt; más antiguo, que es una calabaza o vasija que acompaña al hábito de mascar coca, y del cual es fácil encontrar información en internet. (Las vasijas y las calabazas suelen acompañar a la cabeza en los juegos de palabras: el mate, la testa, el coco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No tengo cómo confirmar las dos ideas anteriores, las planteo solo como posibilidad y porque esto es entretenido. Lo de &quot;gran chichón&quot; me parece posible. Que derive de &quot;calabaza&quot; es dudoso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T19:48:34.620" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T19:48:34.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25762" CreationDate="2018-04-07T18:21:13.837" Score="4" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;New Spanish learner here. When translating &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The dog is ours&quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came up with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El perro es nuestros&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please explain why it is incorrect? The correct answer is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;El perro es nuestro.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm clearly missing something about possessive agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17713" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T23:42:47.397" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T18:05:53.993" Title="Pronoun agreement" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25535" CreationDate="2018-04-07T19:40:13.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://comaconcomilla.wordpress.com/2016/06/01/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-por-hache-o-por-be/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este enlace&lt;/a&gt; hay tres posibles orígenes o teorías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una discusión acerca de cómo se escribe &quot;uva&quot; (te puedes equivocar, por la hache, o por la be).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Motivo de suspensos en ortografía (por hache o por be)...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La expresión bien puede venir de las formulas matemáticas relacionadas con los triángulos, donde &quot;B&quot; es la base y &quot;H&quot; la altura. Ver por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.universoformulas.com/matematicas/geometria/area-triangulo-base-altura-conocida/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Área de un triángulo&lt;/a&gt;. Al parecer durante varias generaciones los libros de matemáticas tenían origen francés y se escribía &quot;h x b&quot; (hauteur par base), y no &quot;a x b&quot; (altura por base), de ahí que aún hoy conservemos dicha fórmula usando la letra H para la &quot;Altura&quot; y no la letra A. Esto se apunta por Javier del Hoyo en su libro &quot;Etimologicón&quot; (Ariel, 2013). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte añado, citando del enlace nº 1: &quot;Dependiendo del tipo de triángulo puedes necesitar un elemento (triángulo equilátero), dos (base y altura) o tres (siempre que no sean los tres ángulos)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastEditorUserId="237" LastEditDate="2018-04-07T20:33:10.947" LastActivityDate="2018-04-07T20:33:10.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25760" CreationDate="2018-04-07T20:57:25.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's good that you're aware of the concept of &lt;em&gt;agreement&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agreement&lt;/strong&gt; of noun and adjective means that a noun and the adjective modifying it have to match, in both gender and in number.  Since &quot;perro&quot; is masculine and singular, the adjective must match and also be masculine and singular: &quot;nuestro.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what may have been confusing you was the S at the end of &quot;ours.&quot;  Perhaps if the English sentence had been &quot;Bobby is our dog,&quot; then you would have been able to go directly and correctly to &quot;Bobby es nuestro perro.&quot;  So I'll explain that &quot;ours&quot; with an S on the end is a possessive pronoun, whereas &quot;our without the S is a possessive adjective.  In Spanish, for the first person plural, the same word works for both types of possessive.  Here's the table in English (the possessive adjective is listed first, followed by the possessive pronoun):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;my, mine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;your, yours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;her, hers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;his, his (there's no change because the first one already has an S)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;its, its (&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;our, ours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;your, yours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;their, theirs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we will need two such tables, one for singular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi, mío/mía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tu, tuyo/tuya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;su, suyo/suya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuestro/nuestra, nuestro/nuestra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[vuestro/vuestra, vuestro/vuestra, if you are in a &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; country]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;su, suyo/suya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and one for plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mis, míos/mías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tus, tuyos/tuyas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sus, suyos/suyas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nuestros/nuestras, nuestros/nuestras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[vuestros/vuestras, vuestros/vuestras, if you are in a &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; country]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sus, suyos/suyas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't ask about this, but since I've gone this far I better finish the story about possessives.  In &quot;El perro es nuestro,&quot; strictly speaking &lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;/em&gt; is still an adjective.  However, possessive adjectives used in that way in a sentence will follow the table I gave you anyway.  Thus, in &quot;El perro es mío,&quot; &lt;em&gt;mío&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective, but we do need to pull the second entry from the table, because the possessive is stressed in that sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps more information that you needed.  Back to the main point.  I'm guessing that the S on the end of &quot;ours&quot; threw you off and led you to think you needed to add an S to &quot;nuestro.&quot;  However, the thought process should be, first check if the noun is singular, and whether it's masculine or feminine; also check whether your possessive is stressed or unstressed; then pull the entry that agrees in number, gender and stress status out of the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T18:05:53.993" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T18:05:53.993" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25763" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25765" CreationDate="2018-04-07T22:15:03.600" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the present tense, I would say &quot;No sé si &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; jugar&quot;, using the subjunctive &quot;pueda&quot;. However, I saw this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo recuerdo que cuando íbamos al hospital, estaba preocupado porque ese sábado teníamos un partido de fútbol y no sabía si &lt;strong&gt;iba&lt;/strong&gt; a poder jugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the indicative &quot;iba&quot; is used. Can &quot;fuera&quot; be used instead, and why is indicative allowed in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is from the following Duolingo podcast: &lt;a href=&quot;https://podcast.duolingo.com/episode-1-the-duolingo-spanish-podcast-adc1f8c8b79e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://podcast.duolingo.com/episode-1-the-duolingo-spanish-podcast-adc1f8c8b79e&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19028" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T02:34:32.040" Title="Subjunctive in the context of past events" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25757" CreationDate="2018-04-07T23:02:07.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bajo la reserva de que en inglés este término es ampliamente peyorativo, divisivo, ofensivo, inflamatorio, altamente politizado y poco conducente al objetivo real del lenguaje que es comunicar ideas y no ofender y hacer de menos a tu interlocutor individual o colectivo, apunto que las respuestas a esta pregunta seguramente Irán en la misma vena, y por más tentación que tuviésemos de moderar severamente la pregunta o sus respuestas, &lt;strong&gt;no deja de ser una pregunta válida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También es una pregunta oportuna, ya que en el país hispanoparlante más próximo a los Estados Unidos, de donde se origina el término, estamos pasando por una intensa campaña electoral, y la tentacion de usar símiles verbales a los que se usaron en las controversiales elecciones del 16 es muy grande. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho esto, en el sentido más amplio de la palabra, en México usaríamos el soez y sexista:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maricón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que básicamente abarca todos los sentidos apuntados en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T07:27:46.703" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T07:27:46.703" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25763" CreationDate="2018-04-08T00:28:10.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, when negating, you will use indicative with &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; and keep the subjuntive for &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;, but that's not a hard-and-fast rule. Your example using the subjunctive in the present is correct, but the indicative would be correct as well, and it may be more common. The indicative just states the speaker doesn't know; the subjunctive adds a hint of doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example in the past tense, the speaker is stating the fact that he didn't know whether he would be able to play. There's no doubt there; he is aware that he does not know (and possibly cannot know until the doctor sees him in the hospital). In this context, if he wanted to show some doubt, he would use the conditional mood: &lt;em&gt;«no sabía si &lt;strong&gt;iría&lt;/strong&gt; a poder jugar»&lt;/em&gt; (or simply: &lt;em&gt;«no sabía si &lt;strong&gt;podría&lt;/strong&gt; jugar»&lt;/em&gt;). Note that the conditional is here employed both in this sense and as the &quot;future of past&quot; tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot use &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;«no sabía si *fuera a poder jugar»&lt;/em&gt;. It's ungrammatical. You could use the subjunctive to show belief or doubt using &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;: «&lt;em&gt;no creía que fuera a poder jugar&lt;/em&gt;». That's a different meaning, though: it means that the speaker believed he wouldn't be able to play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T01:31:48.027" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T01:31:48.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25757" CreationDate="2018-04-08T01:13:43.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra probable palabra equivalente sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Delicado/delicada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que tal vez es más panhispánico que maricón, ya que esta palabra tiene fuertes connotaciones regionales sobre todo de &amp;quot;afeminado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diminutivo de la misma podría dar mayor énfasis a las connotaciones de &lt;em&gt;snowflake&lt;/em&gt; pudiendo entenderse de manera más universal en diversas regiones hispanoparlantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo conversacional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-En Tijuana hubo una marcha protestando por la construcción del Muro de Trump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡Huy! ¡Qué &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;delicaditos!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; En Palestina llevamos más de 10 años con un muro similar y nadie se queja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T17:58:45.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25763" CreationDate="2018-04-08T02:34:32.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, the subjunctive is not used with &amp;quot;saber,&amp;quot; whether it's present tense (&amp;quot;No sé si puedo jugar&amp;quot;) or past tense (&amp;quot;No sabía si iba a poder jugar&amp;quot;).  Before I say more about that, let's first review what the subjunctive does and in what situations it's appropriate.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia in English&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is a grammatical mood (that is, a way of speaking that allows people to express their attitude toward what they are saying) found in many languages. Subjunctive forms of verbs are typically used to express various states of unreality such as wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, obligation, or action that have not yet occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjunctives occur most often, although not exclusively, in subordinate clauses, particularly that-clauses. Examples of the subjunctive in English are found in the sentences &amp;quot;I suggest that you &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; careful&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;It is important that she &lt;strong&gt;stay&lt;/strong&gt; by your side.&amp;quot; (The corresponding indicative forms of the verbs in bold would be &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;stays&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_subjuntivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toma el carácter subjetivo de posible, probable, hipotética, creída, deseada, temida o necesaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &amp;quot;saber,&amp;quot; the subjunctive would sound pompous to my ear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is uncertainty, doubt or disbelief, such as &amp;quot;No creo que llueva,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;No creo que vaya a llover,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Dudo que llueva,&amp;quot; etc., then the subjunctive is used.  Also, the famous &lt;em&gt;connecting &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; mentioned in Wikipedia clues us in that the subjunctive will probably be a good fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &amp;quot;No sé si puedo ir&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;No sé si va a llover,&amp;quot; I will either be able to go or I won't be able to go; it will rain or it won't. I don't know yet what's behind Door #2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T02:34:32.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18556" CreationDate="2018-04-08T10:54:03.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí siempre me enseñaron mis profesores de lengua española que la rayita no es un capricho, sino la forma de distinguir la indicación de un ordinal, de la indicación de grados de temperatura o geográficos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19189" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T10:54:03.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25726" CreationDate="2018-04-09T01:22:34.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré un libro publicado en español que habla del refrán de una canción: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9561412217&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9561412217&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chilena o cueca tradicional&lt;/em&gt; - página 178: La tonada cada seis versos o dos coplas lleva “jarcha” en el coro, y lo cual nosotros llamamos refrán o estribillo. Los dos primeros versos de la copla, con los que se desarrolla la música de 16 metros, son los que durante el canto se repiten con la segunda parte de la melodía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo parece que es muy poco común utilizar &lt;em&gt;refrán&lt;/em&gt; así en español.  Por lo tanto, si estás describiendo una canción, y se te antoja hacer una distinción entre &lt;em&gt;coro&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;estribillo&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;refrán&lt;/em&gt;, recomiendo que expliques lo que quieres decir con &lt;em&gt;refrán&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[bla bla bla] el refrán (pequeño segmento que aparece varias veces en la cancion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que entendí de Wikipedia y Music SE es que el refrán es un fragmento repetido, mientras que el coro es una sección repetida.  Es decir, el coro es algo más grande que el refrán.  También capté que muchas canciones no tienen refrán como tal; pero que la gran mayoría de canciones sí tienen coro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte también capté que &quot;refrán&quot; es un término un tanto resbaloso incluso en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T13:39:07.800" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T13:39:07.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2018-04-09T05:52:29.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dicen más arriba, en Argentina les llamamos &quot;volantes&quot; y si son chiquitos les decimos &quot;volantitos&quot; o directamente &quot;papelitos&quot;... &quot;Tarjeta&quot; y &quot;tarjetita&quot; también están bien. Además &quot;volante&quot; deriva de &quot;volar&quot; tanto como &lt;em&gt;flyer&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;fly&lt;/em&gt;... Es la mejor traducción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de uso:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya me dieron el volante para la disco nueva. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19193" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T07:47:21.013" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T07:47:21.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-09T07:04:24.880" Score="3" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling with the impersonal &quot;se&quot; vs the passive &quot;se&quot;. In the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todavía no &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; sabe cuán grandes serán las pérdidas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is it the passive or impersonal &quot;se&quot; that's being used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T12:06:58.827" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T14:29:39.200" Title="Is the passive or impersonal &quot;se&quot; being used in &quot;Todavía no se sabe cuán grandes serán las pérdidas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25771" CreationDate="2018-04-09T08:57:57.120" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, no specific person is refered on the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look how the verb &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt; is used as third-person singular of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;. No se &lt;em&gt;sabe&lt;/em&gt;: Who? People in general. &lt;em&gt;Nadie lo sabe&lt;/em&gt; (Nobody knows it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T08:57:57.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25780" CreationDate="2018-04-09T11:55:17.223" Score="5" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across this sentence in my textbook and I do not understand the choice of using the indirect pronoun. Could you explain it to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;preparó unos polvos que se les metían a los niños en los ojos y &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  hacían llorar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: As far as I understood, the first &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; is correct and is the only variant we can use (no matter what part of the Spanish speaking world we are in). The first &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; repeats the &lt;em&gt;a los niños&lt;/em&gt; part. As for the second &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;, there is no a unanimous grammar rule and it is not a mistake to put &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; here, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18914" LastEditorUserId="2762" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T13:45:18.887" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T18:03:59.620" Title="Why do we say &quot;preparó unos polvos que... les hacían llorar&quot; and not &quot;los hacían llorar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21851" CreationDate="2018-04-09T13:08:40.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy argentino, para mí el español ibérico, español europeo o el español peninsular, es el más hermoso. Las distinciones entre &quot;Z&quot; y &quot;S&quot;, como llegan a pronunciar la &quot;Ll&quot; Aquí en Argentina te confirmo que hay un afecto a la variante ibérica, en el sentido de algunas palabras, queda como tipo 'posh' (que tienen de concepto a los británicos en Estados Unidos o en el propio Reino Unido a los ingleses.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos un gustito a la variante ibérica, abunda esos 'hispanofilos', me imagino que más de un latino se enamoraría del acento de Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no voy negar que a nuestros oídos, escuchar el acento &quot;europeo&quot; choca algunas veces, porque en Hispanoamérica no llegó a predominar varios factores de España (a diferencia de Guinea Ecuatorial, Sahara Occidental).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La distinción de S /s/ con Ce-Ci; Z /θ/&lt;/strong&gt; (como en &quot;Th&quot;ing). El origen es que en Andalucía y en las Islas Canarias seseaban, y los colonizadores eran de esas regiones. Luego con la independencia quedamos con el seseo. Yo, personalmente me gusta distinguirlas y &lt;strong&gt;siempre uso eso cuando hablo con gente de otra lengua que quiere aprender español.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El uso de Vosotros&lt;/strong&gt; El español hablado en las colonias no usaba el &quot;Vosotros&quot; usaba siempre el &quot;Ustedes&quot;, porque el ustedes es el &quot;Vosotros&quot; (Y'all) extremadamente formal. Sólo los españoles y las autoridades tenía el &lt;em&gt;Vosotros&lt;/em&gt; mientras que los mestizos, nativos, africanos, etc. Usaban el &quot;ustedes&quot; para dirigirse a ellos, es el trato social. Y posteriormente pasó ese &quot;Ustedes&quot; como el típico pronombre de la segunda persona en plural, abarcando en todo. Entre nativos, africanos, mestizos se &quot;ustedeaban&quot;. De ahí tienen ejemplos de como en los territorios de América y las Islas Canarias no usan Vosotros. &lt;strong&gt;También uso ese querido pronombre&lt;/strong&gt; Es semejante a mi querido &quot;VOS&quot; de ahí viene el origen&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Vos comés/Vosotros coméis; Vos dijistes/Vos dijistéis; Vos vengás/Vosotros vengáis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arcaísmos&lt;/strong&gt; En España usaban algunas palabras, que actualmente solo lo habla cierta parte de la población en las zonas rurales, o la gente más vieja como &lt;em&gt;pararse&lt;/em&gt; (ponerse de pie), &lt;em&gt;anteojos&lt;/em&gt; (gafas), &lt;em&gt;platicar&lt;/em&gt; (conversar), &lt;em&gt;prieto&lt;/em&gt; (oscuro), &lt;em&gt;esculcar&lt;/em&gt; (buscar en el sentido de registrar o husmear), &lt;em&gt;recibirse&lt;/em&gt; (graduarse), &lt;em&gt;alcancía&lt;/em&gt; (hucha, de uso común en zonas de Andalucía), &lt;em&gt;alberca&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;pileta&lt;/em&gt; (piscina), &lt;em&gt;estacionar&lt;/em&gt; (aparcar). En Hispanoamérica aún se conserva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo son los estadounidenses con el Inglés Británico, conocí estadounidenses que no entienden la variante británica. Y la diferencia que abunda es mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Color vs Colour&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Airplane vs Aeroplane&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Encyclopedia vs Encyclopaedia&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Practice vs Practise&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Diarrhea vs Diarrhoea&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Center vs Centre&lt;/em&gt; y en pronunciación como &lt;em&gt;Brother; Laboratory; Advertisement; Controversy; Hurricane; Route; Brochure; Inquiry; Four, etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19195" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T13:42:53.943" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T13:42:53.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13642" CreationDate="2018-04-09T13:58:19.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;volante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;flyer&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;volante&lt;/em&gt; es un medio publicitario económico y muy eficiente si tienes las herramientas de cómo utilizarlo y medirlo, puede ser de gran utilidad para promover nuestros productos y servicios. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codigopostalmx.com/articulos/caracteristicas-flyer-publicitario.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.codigopostalmx.com/articulos/caracteristicas-flyer-publicitario.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo poner 4 volantes en una página &lt;a href=&quot;https://techlandia.com/poner-4-volantes-pagina-como_248596/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://techlandia.com/poner-4-volantes-pagina-como_248596/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el solo hecho de imprimirse en papel más grueso no cambia esta selección de término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;volante&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;folleto&lt;/em&gt; en la en la práctica es que el folleto consiste de más de una hoja y el volante consiste de una hoja tamaño carta o una hoja más pequeña.  (Si la hoja es más grande que tamaño carta, entonces ya no es volante.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T13:58:19.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25771" CreationDate="2018-04-09T13:59:38.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I point out in a comment, the key is &quot;try to rephrase it&quot; as a paassive. If you can do it, then stick to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My old teachers warned me that impersonal &quot;se&quot;'s are quite rare, while passives are actually the most common ones. In fact, the passive structure is more commonly used with &quot;se&quot; rather than with the verb &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T13:59:38.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25771" CreationDate="2018-04-09T14:29:39.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an ambiguous case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We know it can be impersonal because of we replace &lt;em&gt;se sabe&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;alguien sabe&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;unos saben&lt;/em&gt; the sentence makes sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also know it could be passive because we can replace &lt;em&gt;se sabe&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;es sabido&lt;/em&gt; and it still makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since both mean, in effect, the same thing, I wouldn't stress over the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T14:29:39.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2018-04-09T19:01:14.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JJ1cBoV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gollería&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Manjar exquisito y delicado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T19:01:14.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25773" CreationDate="2018-04-09T19:20:39.003" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, there are several complicating factors that might make the sentence more challenging.  Let's strip those away temporarily, to focus on the indirect pronoun, that you asked about.  Here's a simplified version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El doctor prepara unos polvos.  Se los mete a los niños en los ojos.  Los polvos les hacen llorar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third sentence says that the medications make them [the children] cry.  Why is the indirect pronoun &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; used instead of the direct pronoun &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;?  Well, actually, either one could be used, and I've learned on this site that there is some regional and personal variation that guides the choice.  I don't want to get into what's &quot;correct.&quot; I will provide a rationale for the choice of indirect object, so you'll feel more comfortable with this when you see and hear it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you squeeze a lemon, juice will come out.  You squeeze the lemon, the lemon is the direct object of the squeezing.  If you make a child cry, the crying is an indirect result of whatever direct action you did.  Maybe you made a taunt, or threatened to cancel a birthday party, or applied a caustic medication to the child's eyes.  Directly, you said something or applied something, and those actions would affect a direct object.  The people affected by that action can be treated as an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T10:28:14.333" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T10:28:14.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25773" CreationDate="2018-04-10T10:00:46.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seemingly hacer + infinitive constructions in spanish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gruposincom.es/manueliglesias/Pronombres%20hacer%20+%20infinitivo.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;can be very tricky syntactically speaking&lt;/a&gt;. And it is even trickier in this case because &lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt; is normally intransitive, but can be used as transitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's isolate the confusing sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unos polvos les hacían llorar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which semantically is the same as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unos polvos hacían llorar a los niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think 4.1 and ahead on the linked document addresses your question. There seems to be no consensus and some linguists accept one option (using &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; in this case), some accept the other (using &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;) and some accept both. &#xA;The document quotes an author that says that if the verb is instransitive (like in this case), the trobulesome construction is direct object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el verbo hacer se une con un verbo intransitivo, el sujeto de éste aparece en&#xA;  la estructura superficial como objeto directo de la construcción entera: Juan hizo correr&#xA;  a Pedro ---&gt; Juan lo hizo correr, Hizo salir humo de la cocina --- &gt; Lo hizo salir.&#xA;  Unido a un verbo transitivo que lleve su propio complemento directo, el sujeto del infinitivo&#xA;  puede aparecer representado como objeto indirecto del grupo: Juan hizo traer&#xA;  un paquete a Pedro --- &gt; Juan le hizo traer un paquete, Me hizo subir las escaleras,&#xA;  Les hizo abrir las ventanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But others seem to think otherwise (from the same document)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... ) está el grave problema del leísmo, laísmo y loísmo, al efectuar tal prueba (la de&#xA;  la conmutación). Y nos parece que S. Gutiérrez, al operar con la conmutación, ha&#xA;  caído en esa trampa. Así, por ejemplo, admite indistintamente la conmutación por lo&#xA;  o le en Dejó hablar al diputado (le/lo dejó hablar), sin percatarse del loísmo en el segundo&#xA;  caso; y da por buena la conmutación de Hizo salir a su mujer --- &gt; La hizo salir,&#xA;  sin anotar el laísmo( ... ). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the first &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; is correct and is the only variant we can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes. It repeats the indirect object (&lt;em&gt;los niños&lt;/em&gt;), so it has to be &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; if it was singular). By the way, the sentence is &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; (the direct object is turned into the subject and the verb is always preceded by &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As for the second les, there is no a unanimous grammar rule and it is not a mistake to put los here, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes. At least that was what I understood from searching around the Internet ,mainly the linked document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;em&gt;podemos dejarle los niños a mi madre si salimos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why dejarle? Does it relate to a mi madre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it relates to &lt;em&gt;a mi madre&lt;/em&gt;, which is indirect object.That is why you use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shouldn't we repeat los niños by adding los to the verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not necessary. You can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;podemos dejarle los niños a mi madre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;podemos dejarlos los niños a mi madre&lt;/em&gt; (this one sounds weird, but I don't think it is syntactically incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;podemos dejar los niños a mi madre&lt;/em&gt; (no repeating)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;podemos dejárselos los niños a mi madre&lt;/em&gt; (repeating both, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is used instead of &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18652" LastEditorUserId="18652" LastEditDate="2018-04-10T18:03:59.620" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T18:03:59.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25783" CreationDate="2018-04-10T10:07:42.180" Score="8" ViewCount="2547" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya vimos hace tiempo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2396/1674&quot;&gt;Difference between &amp;quot;computadora&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;ordenador&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; que tanto &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; sirven para definir el mismo concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría ahora saber si existe algún término que se entienda bien en todos los países, especialmente para utilizarlo a la hora de traducir software que usará gente de todos los países hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DPD nos dice en su artículo &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XhHavdTb6D6iCeuEqA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;computador -ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. ‘Máquina electrónica capaz de realizar un tratamiento automático de la información y de resolver con gran rapidez problemas matemáticos y lógicos mediante programas informáticos’. Estas formas son las usadas mayoritariamente en el español de América, por influjo del inglés computer. Según las zonas, existen distintas preferencias: en la mayoría de los países de América se prefiere el femenino &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que el masculino &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; es de uso mayoritario en Chile y Colombia. En España se usa preferentemente el término &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt;, tomado del francés ordinateur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que tendríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;computador → Chile y Colombia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;computadora → resto de países de América&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ordenador → España&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;q=ordenador,computador,computadora&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Trends al comparar ordenador, computador y computadora&lt;/a&gt; muestra una tendencia que encaja con lo que dice el DPD, localizando el uso de estas palabras :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QSBp5.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QSBp5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;azul: ordenador&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;rojo: computador&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;amarillo: computadora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, en España es muy raro oír computador/a. La gente sabrá a qué nos referimos. Entiendo que ocurre lo opuesto en los países de Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T12:41:35.950" Title="¿Existe algún término para &quot;ordenador&quot; y &quot;computadora&quot; que se entienda en todos los países?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2018-04-10T10:31:46.280" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propondría &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; como un término neutral para definir un ordenador/computador/a. Creo que es comprensible en todos los paises, y de hecho la RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G09HIAP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recoge esta acepción&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Inform. Conjunto de aparatos constituido por una computadora y sus periféricos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19197" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T10:31:46.280" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2018-04-10T10:41:28.097" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, lo de que resulte raro escuchar a alguien decir &quot;computadora&quot; es algo más bien reciente. En los 80 y 90 no era tan raro, de hecho me atrevería a decir que ambos términos estaban a la par (a pie de calle, al menos; desconozco el uso a nivel académico en aquella época). Desde finales de los 90 en adelante, sí que parece que se popularizó más el uso de &quot;ordenador&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si revisamos en &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES XXI&lt;/a&gt; las estadísticas actuales de aparición de los términos &quot;ordenador&quot;, &quot;computador&quot;, &quot;computadora&quot; en el lenguaje actual de América, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ordenador&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia absoluta: 1.162&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentos: 689&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia normalizada: 4,69 casos por millón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porcentaje dentro del grupo buscado: 11%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;computador&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia absoluta: 2.335&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentos: 1.068&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia normalizada: 9,44 casos por millón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porcentaje dentro del grupo buscado: 21%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;computadora&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia absoluta: 7.498&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentos: 3.300&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frecuencia normalizada: 30,32 casos por millón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Porcentaje dentro del grupo buscado: 68%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;computadora&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es con mucho el término más utilizado allí. Y en España se entiende perfectamente, se entendía hace 30 años y se entiende ahora.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es cierto que en España puede sonar un poco a español sudamericano pero, englobado en un texto que no tenga voseo, ni ustedeo, ni otras construcciones típicas del español americano, sospecho que &quot;computadora&quot; apenas llamaría la atención. Sirva como ejemplo esta levísima alteración de un párrafo del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computadora&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de Wikipedia para &quot;computadora&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (artículo que, por cierto, va alternando el uso de los tres términos sin un criterio claro):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde el punto de vista funcional es una máquina que posee, al menos, una unidad central de procesamiento, una memoria principal y algún periférico o dispositivo de entrada y otro de salida. Los dispositivos de entrada permiten el ingreso de datos, la CPU se encarga de su procesamiento (operaciones aritmético-lógicas) y los dispositivos de salida los comunican a otros medios. Así, la computadora recibe datos, los procesa y emite la información resultante, que luego puede ser interpretada, almacenada, transmitida a otra máquina o dispositivo o sencillamente impresa; todo ello a criterio de un operador o usuario y bajo el control de un programa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, el uso de &quot;computadora&quot; en dicho texto no lo hace parecer más de una región o de otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;puestos a elegir un solo término, yo escogería &quot;computadora&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T10:41:28.097" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3988" CreationDate="2018-04-10T11:53:26.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I beg to differ about the English version.  &lt;em&gt;Doing two things at the same time&lt;/em&gt;, as the Cat in the Hat shows, is difficult.  &quot;Studying and working at the same time&quot; is one concept, and will take a singular verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Resultar&lt;/em&gt; is a bit of a false friend, by the way.  You could translate it as &quot;turn out to be&quot; or &quot;be.&quot;  Thus, the English equivalent of your original sentence is actually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Studying and working at the same time is always a challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(We don't need &quot;big&quot; in the English version because &quot;challenge&quot; is understood to be big.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line, the same reasoning about the subject-verb agreement holds in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-31T17:28:30.947" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:28:30.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25791" CreationDate="2018-04-10T12:47:08.507" Score="3" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a little confused about when a pronoun should and should not be added to the infinitive of a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So below are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) ¿Me compras un sandwich? - Will you buy me a sandwich?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) ¿Podrías comprarme un sandwich? - Could you buy me a sandwich?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3) comprarme - buy me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4) me comprar - buy me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I remember reading that if you have two verbs next to each other the second should be in the infinitive form and that the pronoun can be added to the end of the infinitive or it can be placed at the before the first verb, like below. So is the line below the same as &lt;em&gt;¿Podrías comprarme un sandwich?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5) ¿Me podrías comprar? - Could you buy me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there a difference? It seems to me lines 1, 2 &amp;amp; 5 are the same apart from 2 &amp;amp; 5 being more polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if in line 2) there was no &lt;em&gt;podrias, i.e. another verb&lt;/em&gt; would it be wrong to add the pronoun to the end of the infinitive verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T17:49:48.300" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:49:48.300" Title="When and when not to add a pronoun to the end of a verb?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17203" CreationDate="2018-04-10T16:26:40.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo propondria mas bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coach&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Asesor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la traduccion directa de &lt;em&gt;coach&lt;/em&gt; seria por supuesto &lt;strong&gt;entrenador&lt;/strong&gt; en el caso de proporcionar consejos y sabiduria sobre todo en los negocios es sinduda el ambito de la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asesoria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entonces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coaching&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Asesorar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coach&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Asesor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coaching Practice&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Asesoria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T16:26:40.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2018-04-10T19:45:41.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al final los dos terminos se entienden tanto en América como en España, lo único que pasará es que si dices &quot;computador&quot; o &quot;computadora&quot; en España, sabrán que eres latinoamericano, y si dices &quot;ordenador&quot; en América latina, sabrán que eres español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-04-10T19:45:41.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-10T21:29:23.437" Score="2" ViewCount="4223" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://projetbabel.org/internet/venezonalismos.htm#G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guarandinga.- Palabra proveniente de la zona de Barquisimeto que&#xA;  nombra una situación o estado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero quisiera saber el significado real y su procedencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastActivityDate="2019-09-28T08:29:05.267" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;Guarandinga?&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17203" CreationDate="2018-04-10T21:52:44.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OxX3Y1t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mentor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Consejero o guía.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría valer para &lt;em&gt;coach&lt;/em&gt;. Pero tiene el mismo problema que la palabra sugerida por @cdlvcdlv (&lt;em&gt;preceptor&lt;/em&gt;) en que tampoco en este caso hay un buen equivalente para &lt;em&gt;coaching&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T04:51:37.050" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T04:51:37.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25785" CreationDate="2018-04-11T00:53:41.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example #4 was correct in Medieval Spanish, but not anymore. Today, pronouns added to an infinitive (&lt;em&gt;comprarme&lt;/em&gt;) or gerund (&lt;em&gt;comprándome&lt;/em&gt;) or imperative (&lt;em&gt;cómprame&lt;/em&gt;) must go after the verb, except when it's a negative imperative (&lt;em&gt;no me compres&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could rephrase #2 as &lt;em&gt;¿Me podrías comprar un sandwich?&lt;/em&gt;, which is a correct form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're linking multiple verbs, the pronoun can go pretty much anywhere, with the Mexican preference being towards the first verbs. All of these sentences are correct (meaning &lt;em&gt;I'm going to have to comb my hair again&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me voy a tener que volver a peinar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a tenerme que volver a peinar.&lt;/em&gt; (Mexico tends to favor forms such as this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a tener que volverme a peinar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a tener que volver a peinarme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as you use any form other than infinitive, gerund or imperative, it is preferred to place the pronoun before the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se tuvo que volver a peinar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se volvió a peinar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se peinó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Placing the pronoun after the verb in any form other than infinitive, gerund or imperative is frequent in Medieval Spanish (&lt;em&gt;Volviose a peinar&lt;/em&gt;), but sounds hilariously pedantic nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T00:53:41.757" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25789" CreationDate="2018-04-11T01:19:00.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sufijo americano &lt;em&gt;-inga&lt;/em&gt; parece ser de origen africano. Al igual que -anga, -enga, -onga y otros similares, se usa para mostrar desdén o para desvalorizar. Otras palabras hispanoamericanas que terminan en _inga son &lt;em&gt;pinga&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;pene&quot;), &lt;em&gt;mandinga&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;el demonio&quot;), &lt;em&gt;catinga&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;hediondez&quot;) y &lt;em&gt;minga&lt;/em&gt; (alguna festividad familar y desordenada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;guarandinga&lt;/em&gt; pudo haberse formado por creatividad popular, no encontré ninguna fuente muy segura al respecto. Es un término venezolano, aunque se usa también en Cuba y probablemente en Colombia. En términos generales se ha usado para designar cualquier objeto, evento o estado sin importancia y que a veces causa alguna molestia, por ejemplo una broma, algún objeto que se ha perdido o algo que se ha descompuesto. Actualmente también designa un autobús rural y hay al menos una localidad llamada La Guarandinga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay quienes creen que deriva de la palabra &lt;em&gt;guaro&lt;/em&gt; (el &quot;loro&quot; o &quot;perico&quot;, un ave ruidosa y común), y otros opinan que deriva de &lt;em&gt;warandol&lt;/em&gt;, que es una tela que se usaba para la confección de manteles y cortinas. En &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=oPHZAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=guarandinga&amp;amp;dq=guarandinga&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjy1fvM-LDaAhVDE5AKHRwHDSQQ6AEIJjAA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Archivos Venezolanos de Folklore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  se dice que cuando la gente compraba telas decía &quot;no me venda esa guarandinga&quot;, refiriéndose al warandol. El nombre de este género probablemente es la deformación de alguna palabra o marca inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T01:19:00.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2018-04-11T02:13:44.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la forma más genérica y universalmente entendible podría ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;Equipo de cómputo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en su caso más aséptico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;Dispositivo de cómputo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que hábilmente abarca desde móviles hasta supercomputadoras, todos son dispositivos y para todos su función escencial es el cómputo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que es como decir &quot; &lt;strong&gt;Está noche cenaré un rico plato de &lt;em&gt;Phaseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt; de la olla&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;. Pero si no se le llama así, nunca terminaremos de entender si son habichuelas guisantes o humildes frijolitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos, la respuesta correcta generalmente es elusiva pues se puede caer en la tentacion de ignorar los contextos sintácticos para favorecer el término regional que nos parece más familiar; considerando &lt;em&gt;rarísimas&lt;/em&gt; cualquiera de las alternativas. Es entonces que fieles a el &lt;em&gt;Zeitgeist&lt;/em&gt; o espíritu de los tiempos debamos referirnos a la &lt;em&gt;fuente de la verdad&lt;/em&gt; en otras palabras: &lt;strong&gt;datos duros&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bdxCx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bdxCx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;explorador de n-gramas de google&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Computadora%2Ccomputador%2Cequipo%20de%20c%C3%B3mputo%2Cordenador&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2CComputadora%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcomputadora%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BComputadora%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCOMPUTADORA%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Ccomputador%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcomputador%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BComputador%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCOMPUTADOR%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cequipo%20de%20c%C3%B3mputo%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bequipo%20de%20c%C3%B3mputo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BEquipo%20de%20c%C3%B3mputo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BEquipo%20de%20C%C3%B3mputo%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cordenador%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bordenador%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BOrdenador%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consulta al explorador de n-gramas&lt;/a&gt; de google nos permite visualizar la incidencia de cada término en el &lt;em&gt;corpus castellano de publicaciones 1800-2000&lt;/em&gt; y las conclusiones, a reserva de la inclusión en el corpus de las publicaciones 2000-2015 son las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) claramente el término de preferencia para publicaciones impresas es &lt;em&gt;computadora&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;computador&lt;/em&gt; a partir de 1960 aparece este término, coincidiendo con el inicio de la era digital, y sumando las incidencias podemos ver que se usa con aproximadamente el doble de frecuencia que &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt;. Hay que resaltar que el &lt;em&gt;corpus castellano&lt;/em&gt; tiene un sesgo hacia la usanza insular del idioma, aún así claramente el término más frecuentemente utilizado en publicaciones no es &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; es un término &lt;strong&gt;reapropiado&lt;/strong&gt;, es imposible que entre 1800 y 1910 al menos, se usara para describir &lt;em&gt;equipos de cómputo programables electrónico digitales&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C) a partir de 1980 se empieza a utilizar el neologismo &lt;strong&gt;equipo de cómputo&lt;/strong&gt; sin duda, como un esfuerzo de los editores de ambos lados del Atlántico por encontrar un término universal y salvar la brecha con un concepto más neutral que computador(a) vs ordenador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Equipo de cómputo&lt;/em&gt; claramente empieza a sustituir &lt;em&gt;computador(a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pues sus incidencias incrementan a costa de una disminución en la frecuencia del uso de &lt;em&gt;computador(a)&lt;/em&gt;. Dada la prevalencia de este término sobre ordenador desde los 60s, es muy probable que en las próximas décadas sea el término de preferencia para el castellano escrito formal. Es imposible -sin embargo- sostener esta especulación sin los datos del corpus castellano 2000-2015 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D) siendo rigoristas, el &lt;strong&gt;ordenamiento de datos&lt;/strong&gt; es solamente &lt;em&gt;una clase de operaciones de cómputo&lt;/em&gt; que los equipos modernos pueden realizar. Si deseamos un término que describa las funciones que desempeñan esta clase de equipos, (electrónico digitales programables) &lt;em&gt;ordenador&lt;/em&gt; sería claramente un &lt;strong&gt;arcaicismo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T07:19:59.633" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T07:19:59.633" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25796" CreationDate="2018-04-11T02:18:20.603" Score="4" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am drowning in pronouns here. Can someone help me see the grammar behind the use of the &quot;a los&quot; in the sentence below?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gracias, Juan, pero cuando una mujer llega a los cuarenta, comienza a tener otros deseos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it required to be grammatically correct? Can we not just say &quot;... cuando una mujer llega cuarenta...&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect it would be required because I think it is a direct object pronoun (of llega?), but I am struggling to find good resources that help explain the concept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17713" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T13:44:44.990" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T13:44:44.990" Title="Use of &quot;a&quot; with age (numbers) like in &quot;llegar a los cuarenta&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25569" CreationDate="2018-04-11T02:43:08.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siempre he entendido como que quien &lt;strong&gt;ayuda&lt;/strong&gt; está involucrado directamente en la solución de un problema que otra persona individualmente o un grupo de ellas no pueden resolver por si mismas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quién &lt;strong&gt;coadyuva&lt;/strong&gt; lo hace indirectamente, pero de forma inconspicua, al favorecer o crear las condiciones necesarias para que los que &lt;strong&gt;ayudan&lt;/strong&gt; tengan mejores probabilidades de tener éxito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, el caso ficticio de un grupo de migrantes que caminan por el desierto  para evitar ser deportados. Y no tienen agua para beber. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La brigada de rescatistas les &lt;strong&gt;ayudan&lt;/strong&gt; proporcionando primeros auxilios, suero y transporte para recibir atención médica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los miembros del patronato de &quot;&lt;em&gt;Ángeles del desierto AC, rescatistas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; cada mes donan una cantidad de sus rentas para la operación de los rescatistas. Ellos, con sus donaciones, fueron &lt;strong&gt;coadyuvantes&lt;/strong&gt; del exitoso rescate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también fueron &lt;strong&gt;coadyuvantes&lt;/strong&gt; los guardias de la propiedad privada que a riesgo de su propio empleo, abrieron las puertas y permitieron a la brigada pasar sobre un terreno privado en contra de las instrucciones de su patrón con el  fin de que los auxilios no demoraran más. Los guardias fueron &lt;strong&gt;coadyuvantes en el rescate&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T05:55:26.337" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T05:55:26.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25794" CreationDate="2018-04-11T04:13:46.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llegar a&lt;/strong&gt; is a multi-word verb, sometimes termed a &lt;em&gt;phrasal verb&lt;/em&gt;.  (See, for example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-verbs/verbs-multi-word-verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-verbs/verbs-multi-word-verbs&lt;/a&gt;.)  Notice that &lt;em&gt;take off&lt;/em&gt; doesn't have the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;take&lt;/em&gt;.  Similarly, &lt;em&gt;llegar a&lt;/em&gt; doesn't have the same meaning as &lt;em&gt;llegar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact translation of &lt;em&gt;llegar a&lt;/em&gt; depends somewhat on the context.  Here's how one dictionary, &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishdict.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spanishdict.com&lt;/a&gt;, defines it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to get to&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Voy a llegar al restaurante un poco atrasado. | I am going to get to the restaurant a little late.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, then, is a natural English version of your sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thank you, Juan, but when a woman gets to her forties, she begins to have other desires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I'm using a possessive pronoun before &quot;forties&quot; in the English version, even though in Spanish there wasn't one, because of the same principle that leads us to say &quot;Me duele &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cabeza&quot; instead of &quot;Me duele &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt; cabeza.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T04:13:46.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25730" CreationDate="2018-04-11T05:37:39.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a thing called &lt;strong&gt;irregularity&lt;/strong&gt; in languages, that means that some of the members of a group, in this case the group of verbs, don't follow the &lt;strong&gt;regular&lt;/strong&gt; canonical pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T05:37:39.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25798" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-11T07:56:50.817" Score="2" ViewCount="4737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer fui a comerme un flan y me sorprendió la palabra usada en la tapa para la acción de extraer el flan del molde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Q0fFtm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Q0fFtm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo conocía la palabra &quot;desmoldar&quot;, pero no &quot;desmoldear&quot;, así que fui a buscar ambas al DLE. Me encuentro lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DCA9Lwn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desmoldar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Sacar algo, como un pastel o una pieza de fundición, del molde en que se ha hecho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DCDYDGL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desmoldear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;em&gt;Tecnol.&lt;/em&gt; Extraer una pieza de su molde, deshaciendo este.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la palabra &quot;desmoldar&quot; se usa en repostería, dado que el DLE cita un pastel como ejemplo, mientras que &quot;desmoldear&quot; se usa en ámbitos tecnológicos y con la particularidad de que se tiene que romper el molde para sacar la pieza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del flan, en primer lugar es algo relacionado con la repostería, no con la tecnología, y en segundo lugar no es necesario romper el molde para sacar el flan (creo, la verdad es que no probé a desmoldarlo en este caso, pero normalmente no suele ser necesario). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿se puede considerar este caso un ejemplo de exceso de corrección? ¿Se ha intentado usar una palabra más técnica cuando lo fácil (usar &quot;desmoldar&quot;) habría sido lo correcto? ¿Es el hecho de &quot;romper el molde&quot; la única diferencia entre ambas, o hay otras diferencias en la práctica? ¿En qué contextos es correcto usar &quot;desmoldear&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=desmoldar%2BDesmoldar%2Cdesmoldear%2BDesmoldear&amp;amp;year_start=1980&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28desmoldar%20%2B%20Desmoldar%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28desmoldear%20%2B%20Desmoldear%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estadísticas de NGram&lt;/a&gt; hacia 2008:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Desmoldar&quot;: aprox. 5-6 casos por millón de palabras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Desmoldear&quot;: aprox. 0,2 casos por millón de palabras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T14:35:44.453" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;desmoldar&quot; y &quot;desmoldear&quot;? ¿En qué ámbitos se usa el segundo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25799" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-11T08:38:17.397" Score="7" ViewCount="7200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_fiesta_del_Chivo_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La fiesta del Chivo&lt;/a&gt; (2000), de Mario Vargas Llosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo lejos, en la periferia del Palacio Nacional, (...) sentía a los encargados de la limpieza, &lt;strong&gt;suapeando&lt;/strong&gt;, barriendo, encerando, sacudiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;suapear&lt;/em&gt; nunca la había oído y resulta que es solamente propia de República Dominicana, el país donde transcurre la novela. El DAMER lo indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=suapear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suapear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;tr. RD. Limpiar el suelo utilizando un suape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=suape&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suape&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I.  1.  m. RD. Utensilio para limpiar el suelo formado por un mango largo con un manojo de tiras hechas de un tejido absorbente.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;II. 1.  m. RD. Borrachera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya, que un &lt;em&gt;suape&lt;/em&gt; vendría a ser lo que llamamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IRNGf4j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fregona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en España (y parece que en toda Hispanoamérica, según se lee en el DLE &lt;em&gt;3. f. Utensilio para fregar los suelos sin necesidad de arrodillarse&lt;/em&gt;, sin ninguna anotación sobre un uso localizado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dominicanaonline.org/Portal/espanol/txt_dominicanismos_backup.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista de dominicanismos&lt;/a&gt; veo que efectivamente referencian esta y otras muchas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suape&lt;/strong&gt; Instrumento para la limpieza de los pisos. También se dice que alguien tiene un “suape” después de haber bebido mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;suapear/suapiar&lt;/strong&gt; Trapear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“suapiar o trapiar el piso alguien”&lt;/strong&gt; Insultar y recriminar a una persona sin darle oportunidad de que se defienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aO1KjHj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;trapear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;fregar el suelo con trapo o estropajo&lt;/em&gt; en toda Hispanoamérica, pero también insultar o reprender en algún país (no en República Domincana).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho todo lo cual, la duda es: ¿cuál es el origen de llamar &lt;em&gt;suape&lt;/em&gt; a la fregona? Suena a anglicismo, pero no se me ocurre ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T11:43:16.377" Title="¿Por qué en República Dominicana se llama &quot;suape&quot; a la fregona y &quot;suapear&quot; o &quot;suapiar&quot; a fregar?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25799" CreationDate="2018-04-11T08:43:23.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quizás un anglicismo a partir de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/swab?q=SWAB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;swab&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to wash a surface, especially the open, flat areas of a ship, with a wet cloth or mop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T08:43:23.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25799" CreationDate="2018-04-11T12:48:32.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25800/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta ahora eliminada&lt;/a&gt; por su autor, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/18348/ukemi&quot;&gt;ukemi&lt;/a&gt; indicó un origen que encontró en &lt;a href=&quot;http://culturaylinguistica.blogspot.com.es/2010/02/dominicanismos-suape.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dominicanismos- Suape&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sobre el origen y la etimología del término, porque ovbiamente no es castellano, tampoco existe mucha información. Pero la fonología de la palabra y su uso sugieren que su origen puede basarse en la palabra &lt;em&gt;sweep&lt;/em&gt; [suip] del inglés, la cual significa barrer o de &lt;em&gt;sweeper&lt;/em&gt; [suiper] que significa quien barre o el instrumento con el cual se barre. Como barrer y suapear son acciones similares, la palabra en cuestión puede que sea un anglicismo de la palabra &lt;em&gt;Sweep&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T12:48:32.847" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-11T12:48:32.847" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25811" CreationDate="2018-04-11T17:21:23.610" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nowadays I assume a &quot;palma de luz&quot; is a lamp post, as I have seen images in newspapers showing cars that have crashed into them, with the headline &quot;choca a una palma de luz&quot; or similar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have encountered this phrase in a Ruben Dario poem (Reencarnaciones) and I doubt that this was what he meant. It was written around 1890 or so and dealt, obviously, with reincarnation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fui coral primero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Después hermosa piedra,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Después fui de los bosques verde y colgante hiedra;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Después yo fui manzana,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lirio de la campiña,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Labio de niña,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Una alondra cantando en la mañana;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y ahora soy un alma&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que canta como canta una palma&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De luz de Dios al viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, he speaks of &quot;labio de niña&quot; which I have interpreted as a type of flower which appears very much like human lips (called &quot;Hooker's Lips&quot; in places).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10979" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T06:21:25.410" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T05:46:22.243" Title="What is a &quot;Palma de luz&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25803" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-11T18:01:04.470" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:01:04.470" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:01:04.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25804" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-11T18:01:04.470" Score="0" Body="Palabras compuestas, como Latinoamérica, sacapuntas." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T18:38:59.050" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T18:38:59.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-11T18:27:06.303" Score="3" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recién tuve una conversación por WhatsApp con una amiga. Ella es de Guatemala, clase media y con formación académica, y en un momento de la conversación usó la siguiente estructura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compré dos cojines para &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la mi cama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda es: ¿fue esto un sencillo error o es en realidad esta estructura &lt;em&gt;artículo + posesivo + sustantivo&lt;/em&gt; un rasgo característico de determinados dialectos/sociolectos del español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19203" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T08:22:50.563" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T10:55:29.157" Title="Artículo + posesivo + sustantivo en &quot;compré cojines para 'la mi cama'&quot;. ¿Un rasgo sociolingüístico?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;&lt;guatemala&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25807" CreationDate="2018-04-11T22:51:43.920" Score="5" ViewCount="2159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally I would use &lt;em&gt;¿Puedo?&lt;/em&gt; to mean &amp;quot;Can I?&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I have seen the phrase &lt;em&gt;¿Se puede?&lt;/em&gt; used alone to mean &amp;quot;May I?&amp;quot; as in asking permission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; being used here? (As in, is it the reflexive se or which type of se is it?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And why is &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; conjugated in the third person singular rather than the first person?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, can I use &lt;em&gt;Se puede&lt;/em&gt; in exactly the same way in which I use &lt;em&gt;Puedo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedo tener un vaso de agua? Can I have a glass of water?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede tener un vaso de agua? Can/may I have a glass of water?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T22:17:03.027" Title="How do you use &quot;Se Puede&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25806" CreationDate="2018-04-12T01:28:21.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is not being used as a reflexive pronoun here. This is an impersonal construction. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/impersonal-se-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is used to make general observations without assigning actions (or obligations, or capabilities, as in this case) to any specific subject. You'll probably learn about this in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no grammatical equivalent to the impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in English; the closest is the pronoun &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt;, which is employed, like &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, in the third person singular (&lt;em&gt;One must do what is right&lt;/em&gt;). In English you generally use &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; for general observations (see what I just did there?), since &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; may sound stilted, or you use &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; for unspecified agents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se puede&lt;/em&gt; means something like &quot;One can&quot; or &quot;It is allowed&quot;. So &lt;em&gt;¿Se puede?&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;Is it allowed?&quot; or &quot;May I?&quot; or even &quot;Is it OK?&quot;. When to use this impersonal construction and when the personal one is a matter of context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The impersonal construction distances the speaker from the hearer. This might be considered respectful or rude according to the circumstances, the tone, and you exactly you want (to be given permission, to receive some object, to get something done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking directly to someone and asking for permission to do something, it is usually OK to use something like &lt;em&gt;¿Puedo?&lt;/em&gt; (or more indirectly: &lt;em&gt;¿Podría?&lt;/em&gt;). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Puedo entrar un momento?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Can I go in for a moment?&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Podría dejar esto aquí?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;May I leave this here?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you instead ask &lt;em&gt;¿Se puede?&lt;/em&gt; it may sound more like you're simply asking if there is a rule. It's OK, though, if you want to ask tactfully about something in general, even though it's actually for you. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Se pueden dejar las cosas aquí?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Can one leave one's things here?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The impersonal might be rude in some cases if you use it to demand something. It is the same as in English when you say e.g. &quot;Can anyone get a good drink around here?&quot; or the like. This has a lot to do with your tone, though. You can make a polite indirect demand using the impersonal, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Se puede encender el aire acondicionado?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Could the A/C be turned on?&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Se podría hacer un espacio allá?&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Could some room be made over there?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, you don't say &lt;em&gt;¿puedo tener un vaso de agua?&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. &lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt; is not used for drinking or eating. You need to say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me puedes/podrías dar un vaso de agua (por favor)?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&quot;Can/could you give me a glass of water (please)?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me das/darías un vaso de agua?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (*Will/would you give me a glass of water?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Puedo tomar un vaso de agua?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&quot;Can I drink a glass of water?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that suggests you're asking for permission to drink, rather than for the water itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T11:11:22.573" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T11:11:22.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25816" CreationDate="2018-04-12T01:43:17.570" Score="2" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encontré hoy con el poema de Francisco de Añón &lt;a href=&quot;http://poemas.flacoman.com/2005/02/antn-y-el-eco-el-borracho-y-el-eco.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Antón y el eco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;em&gt;El borracho y el eco&lt;/em&gt;, y además de la sonrisa, me dejó una pequeña duda en un fin de estrofa que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El momento es oportuno…&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Tuno!   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Dónde está el majadero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que me toma por carnero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa tuno en este caso? o mejor ¿por qué Antón se siente tratado como carnero cuando el eco le responde tuno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T06:33:16.093" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T06:33:16.093" Title="Significado de tuno en «Antón y el Eco»" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25808" CreationDate="2018-04-12T01:57:48.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El eco está diciéndole «Tú, ¡no!» en respuesta a lo que pregunta Antón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Burro yo? …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  … … …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  … … …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  … … …&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — Tú, ¡no!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T01:57:48.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25802" CreationDate="2018-04-12T06:19:06.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Judging by the examples I've found I daresay that a &quot;palma de luz&quot; is a fire flame. See the following texts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La miró, la miró con ojos desesperados y avarientos. Era como una copa de nácar, en quien nadie hubiese aún puesto los labios. Tenía esa hermosura de la aurora, que arroba y ennoblece. Una palma de luz era.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Martí, &quot;Lucía Jerez&quot;, 1885 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This text is poetic but it mentions the &quot;aurora&quot;, defined by the DLE as a &quot;pinkish light that precedes the sunrise&quot;, just before comparing a girl with a &quot;palma de luz&quot;. But see the next text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un incidente llamó la atención de toda la sala, clavados ya los ojos en la escena. Del lado de ésta, y detrás de un bastidor, asomó una breve palma de luz, una lengua rojiza que salía de un mechero, como si el gas hubiese hecho estallar el tubo y se inflamara en reducidísima explosión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Ilustración ibérica (Barcelona. 1883). 23/6/1888, página 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The examples are taken from texts from the same period as your example. I suppose the meaning of &quot;palma de luz&quot; as a light cast by a lighter (&quot;mechero&quot;) or a similar device was the origin of its nowadays use as a lamp post. Note also in your poem that just before saying that he is a &quot;palma de luz&quot; he says that he is a soul, so he is no more in the &lt;em&gt;Regnum Vegetabile&lt;/em&gt;, and a soul is traditionally considered as something bright, with its own light (though it is notable that the author still uses an expression such as &quot;palma de luz&quot;, as &quot;palma&quot; refer to a kind of tree).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T05:46:22.243" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T05:46:22.243" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24458" CreationDate="2018-04-12T06:40:59.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE aparece la locución &lt;em&gt;ser alguien o algo muy otro&lt;/em&gt; y significa que muestra gran diferencia, así que parece ser que es una expresión correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm#A6LXfxl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; alguien o algo &lt;strong&gt;muy otro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. verb. coloq. Mostrar gran mudanza o diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo que propones se dice que lo que ocurre en realidad es muy distinto de lo que dice la afirmación anterior y podría cambiarse perfectamente por la expresión la «realidad es muy distinta» que nombras en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T06:46:07.257" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T06:46:07.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1950" CreationDate="2018-04-12T07:57:56.623" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This orthographic issue also occurs in the names of certain chemicals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;-methyl leucine&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mgclaros.blogspot.com.es/2017/11/metil-leucina-o-metilleucina.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;-metilleucina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;methyllysine&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionario-internacional.com/definitions/?spanish_word=methyllysine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metillisina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hyphens are technically disallowed from resolving the ambiguous pronunciation, since this character is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_spanish/chemistry%3B_chem_sci_eng/4761128-%CE%B5_n_alkyl_lysine.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reserved&lt;/a&gt; (in chemical names) for numerical prefixes etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note however that in real world use the word is written in a number of ways, both with the &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.latamjpharm.org/resumenes/34/8/LAJOP_34_8_1_4.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;N&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;-metillisina&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=A4FlhoNWTn8C&amp;amp;pg=PA586&amp;amp;lpg=PA586&amp;amp;dq=metillisina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;... residuo &lt;strong&gt;N-metillisina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and without: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://milksci.unizar.es/bioquimica/temas/aminoacids/aminoacidos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;n-metil-lisina&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://patentados.com/2007/analogos-de-tamadarina-y-didemnina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;..., - leucina, &lt;strong&gt;-(N-metil)leucina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=z6iMx642m_wC&amp;amp;pg=PA103&amp;amp;lpg=PA103&amp;amp;dq=metillisina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metil-lisina&lt;/strong&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;Metil lisina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; This phenomenon (with &lt;em&gt;salirle&lt;/em&gt;) has been discussed a few times previously on the internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/salle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/salle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir-6407/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir-6407/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20110212031410/https://unaracnidounacamiseta.wordpress.com/2011/02/10/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://unaracnidounacamiseta.com/2011/02/10/la-palabra-que-no-se-puede-escribir/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=39858&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=39858&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://barrapunto.com/article.pl?sid=11/02/10/2335255&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://barrapunto.com/article.pl?sid=11/02/10/2335255&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.taringa.net/posts/ciencia-educacion/9168761/Insolito-bug-en-el-idioma-espanol-no-permite-escribir-un.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.taringa.net/posts/ciencia-educacion/9168761/Insolito-bug-en-el-idioma-espanol-no-permite-escribir-un.html&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://losfilologossomosnecesarios.blogspot.com.es/2011/02/no-todo-se-puede-escribir-en-espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://losfilologossomosnecesarios.blogspot.com.es/2011/02/no-todo-se-puede-escribir-en-espanol.html&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.meneame.net/story/palabra-que-no-puede-escribir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.meneame.net/story/palabra-que-no-puede-escribir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-02T22:12:37.480" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T22:12:37.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25805" CreationDate="2018-04-12T10:55:29.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El capítulo 18 de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; habla sobre el tema largo y tendido a partir del &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=buPQJHKKQtDSSBIO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo 18.2i&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los posesivos pronominales ocupan en español la posición de los determinantes, a diferencia de otras lenguas románicas como el catalán (*la seva casa lit. 'la su casa' ~ &lt;em&gt;*seva casa&lt;/em&gt;) o el italiano (il suo amico lit. 'el su amigo' ~ &lt;em&gt;*suo amico&lt;/em&gt;). [...] Se dice, &lt;em&gt;{el ~ este ~ mi ~ algún}&lt;/em&gt; libro*, pero no &lt;em&gt;*el mi perro, *algún su amigo, *un mi coche, *muchos sus problemas&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero pronto empieza a dar contraejemplos, como en expresiones de carácter formal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tan grata nueva la hemos celebrado en esta su casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En aquella mi sexta mañana de soledar en el mar, pensé que todo eso estaba ocurriendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es porque en el español medieval y el clásico su uso se atestigua ampliamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dize el Almirante que aquella su navegación avía sudo muy cierta y que avía carteado bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh señora de mi alma, Dulcinea, flor de la fermosura, socorred a este vuestro caballero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comenta el párrafo 18.2j que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La combinación «demostrativo + posesivo» presenta varios usos en el español actual. En algunas zonas del área andina pertenece a la lengua estándar, incluso a la conversacional: &lt;em&gt;Como yo había criado a esta mi hermanita desde que nació, eso me causó un sufrimiento muy grande&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el uso de tu amiga fue el de un «artículo definido + posesivo». Para esto nos vamos al párrafo 18.2l:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El posesivo se podía combinar [en la lengua antigua] con los artículos definido e indefinido, así como con los demostrativos, numerales cardinales y cuantificadores existenciales y evaluativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y comenta una serie de pautas, la primera de las cuales es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A. «Artículo definido + posesivo»: &lt;em&gt;Mas yo uençunda tiendo los mis reales braços a los tos ynoios&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha ido a coger el ejemplo a un texto de Alfonso X: &lt;em&gt;General Estoria II&lt;/em&gt;, que es del siglo XIII. Pero bueno, de esta pauta dice que fue cayendo en desuso, aunque pervivió en las hablas septentrionales y noroccidentales de la Península Ibérica, en las que todavía se registran: &lt;em&gt;Y a too y a esto, finuca ella; finuco el su andar; finuco el su vestir, aunque el vestío sea probo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la pauta B, que es similar pero con los artículos indefinidos, dice (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] se documenta hoy en la misma área. También &lt;strong&gt;se registra&lt;/strong&gt; en México, en particular en el estado de Chiapas, así como &lt;strong&gt;en varios países centroamericanos, especialmente Guatemala, Nicaragua y El Salvador&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabe señalar que los desconocedores en materia de montañismo suelen pensar que llega uno con un su grupo y sube de inmediato a la montaña (Torres Nava, &lt;em&gt;Conquista&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se fue quedando en los huesos, el pobre, con una su mirada como de chucho triste (Flores, &lt;em&gt;Siguamonta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fumó, sin aprender, unos sus cigarritos y empezó a leer, por exigencias del estudio, la teoría de la plusvalía (Flores, &lt;em&gt;Siguamonta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le entrega un su cochito o una su ovejita o unas sus dos gallinitas (Burgos, E. &lt;em&gt;Rigoberta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afirma la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; que es muy probable que &quot;esta pauta muestre simplemente la pervivencia de la antigua construcción castellana&quot;. En el caso de tu amiga no se usa un artículo indeterminado, sino uno determinado. Sin embargo, si está acostumbrada a la construcción &quot;un su&quot;, no sería raro que usara también una del tipo &quot;la su&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T10:55:29.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2018-04-12T12:24:00.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La culpable es IBM y su departamento de mercadotecnia, de acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/reflexiones-en-torno-a-los-vocablos-computador-y-ordenador-5004/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundeu&lt;/a&gt; y al &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.apuntesonline.org/art.vol4no4.computadorauordenadorok.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;autor&lt;/a&gt; que hace referencia en estos dos articulos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resulta que la culpable de toda la polémica no es otra que la IBM,&#xA;  empresa que por razones históricas nunca ha sido muy partidaria, ni&#xA;  siquiera en inglés, de la denominación computer, empleada&#xA;  universalmente por sus competidores. [...]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La contienda entre &quot;computador &quot; y &quot;ordenador&quot; duró unos años en España, pero &lt;strong&gt;la influencia decisiva en favor del último término se debió nuevamente a&#xA;  la IBM, que en sus libros de instrucciones y manuales técnicos para&#xA;  España, así como en sus programas y clases de capacitación para&#xA;  usuarios y técnicos&lt;/strong&gt; (según me han contado quienes asistieron a ellas),&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;recomendaba, cuando no exigía, el uso exclusivo de &quot;ordenador&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Al&#xA;  desapego histórico de IBM por computer (término usado por su empresa&#xA;  predecesora y por la competencia) se unió ahora la posibilidad&#xA;  comercial de presentar sus máquinas como cosas distintas (&quot;mejores&quot;)&#xA;  que los computers ofrecidos por sus competidores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los partidarios de &quot;ordenador&quot; alegan que &quot;computador&quot; no es apropiado&#xA;  porque estas máquinas, además de hacer cómputos numéricos, llevan a&#xA;  cabo operaciones lógicas y de ordenamiento de datos de diversas&#xA;  clases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero Francia, y sobre todo España, han adoptado el nombre que les empapuzó una empresa norteamericana, la misma que nunca pudo convencer a sus compatriotas de que llamasen a estas máquinas algo parecido a lo que hoy las llaman franceses y españoles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concuerda con todos los grafos y análisis mostrados en las otras respuestas, debido a su popularidad en los años 90, y su asentamiento entro los usuarios finales entre 1980 y 1990.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si antes era valido, porque computadora no puede serlo ahora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando en nuestro escritorio vemos el icono de 'Mi PC' diriamos 'Mi Computadora Personal'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastEditorUserId="1701" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T12:41:35.950" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T12:41:35.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25808" CreationDate="2018-04-12T14:53:40.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tuno, majadero y carnero son tres maneras de expresar la misma idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tuno: adj. Pícaro, tunante (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=avIaJGc%7CavLh9e7%7CavNZqQL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta acepcion, se conserva la estructura del poema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T14:53:40.707" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25806" CreationDate="2018-04-12T15:26:52.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supplemental comment, too big to fit in a comment box:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cultural note about impersonal constructions.  In many (all?) languages, they're used for expressing rules and general cultural expectations (e.g. English: &quot;What do you say after you say hello?&quot;; French: &quot;Qu'est-ce qu'on dit?&quot;; German: &quot;Das macht man nicht&quot;).  However, in addition, you can use it to shift from talking about someone specific (usually yourself) to the general air.  I think it happens more in Spanish then in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When someone makes fun of you, you feel like you want to die.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Entre todos, sí se puede!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which could be loosely translated as &quot;We shall overcome!&quot; (sooner rather than later).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shifting to an impersonal construction can be used to indicate politeness, to soften instructions, or to distance oneself from the other person.  For example, if someone is trying to screw in a light bulb by turning it the wrong way, you could gently correct them in English by saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You turn it the same way as a screw, clockwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But English speakers, especially from the US, don't perform this shift as often as some other cultures, and this is probably one of the reasons for the stereotype of the American who tends to be &quot;in your face.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the most extreme example of this shift that I've experienced.  I asked a woman for directions in French while on a hike in the Alps, and the answer built a strong bubble around the answerer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On n'est pas d'ici.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, literally, means, &quot;One isn't from here.&quot;  But she was talking about herself and her hiking partner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note about the otherwise outstanding answer from @pablodf76: I'm not sure I agree that &quot;¿Se puede tomar un vaso de agua?&quot; would be taken badly, at least in Mexico or the US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T15:26:52.870" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25828" CreationDate="2018-04-12T20:08:27.013" Score="6" ViewCount="3766" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish class, we learned that the verb for &quot;to stop&quot; is &quot;parar&quot;, but many stop signs have the word &quot;alto&quot; on them instead of &quot;pare&quot; as the command form of &quot;parar&quot;. I asked why, but no one was sure. Why is &quot;alto&quot; on a stop sign? What does it mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T11:22:58.583" Title="What does &quot;alto&quot; mean on a stop sign?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25818" CreationDate="2018-04-12T20:34:02.183" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alto&lt;/strong&gt; as a &lt;em&gt;noun&lt;/em&gt; is the name of the stop sign in some parts of America; as an &lt;em&gt;exclamation&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;¡Alto!&quot;) it means &quot;stop!&quot; in all the Spanish speaking countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=27onkvl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the Diccionario de la Lengua Española (it comes from the German &quot;Halt&quot;, from the German verb &quot;halten&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19211" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T20:34:02.183" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-12T21:02:47.137" Score="6" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=avLh9e7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tuno, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge (negrita mía):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La forma f.&lt;/strong&gt;, del fr. &lt;em&gt;tune&lt;/em&gt; 'hospicio de mendigos', 'limosna', y este de &lt;em&gt;[Roi de] Thunes&lt;/em&gt; '[Rey de] Túnez', nombre dado al jefe de los vagabundos franceses en memoria del duque del Bajo Egipto, esto es, el jefe de los gitanos de París en 1427.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Pícaro, tunante. U. t. c. s.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Componente de una tuna (‖ grupo musical de estudiantes).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. Grupo de estudiantes que forman un conjunto musical.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. f. Vida libre y vagabunda.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de ser una curiosa etimología, me llama la atención que hace referencia exclusivamente a la &lt;strong&gt;forma femenina&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, a &lt;strong&gt;tuna&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Tiene &lt;strong&gt;tuno&lt;/strong&gt; otro origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19212" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T09:12:54.897" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T11:34:05.187" Title="Etimología de &quot;tuno&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25825" CreationDate="2018-04-13T02:15:15.510" Score="1" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we can make reference to &lt;em&gt;extent&lt;/em&gt; with &quot;how.&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/11811/translating-how-much-in-non-numeric-situations&quot;&gt;Translating “How (much)” in non-numeric situations&lt;/a&gt; deals with a similar, but not identical question.  Note that it focuses on &lt;em&gt;questions&lt;/em&gt; and I would like to focus on &lt;em&gt;statements&lt;/em&gt;.  Also note that most of the answers there revolve around &lt;em&gt;qué tan&lt;/em&gt;, which is not used in Spain, and I am looking for forms familiar in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a sentence that I would have difficulty translating to Spanish is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Last night showed how agreeable his personality is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish questions, we can use forms like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué/Cuánta valor tienen estas películas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué punto son valiosas estas películas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18929" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T10:57:06.960" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.493" Title="How to make reference to *extent* in a declarative statement?" Tags="&lt;pronombre-interrogativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-04-18T11:39:46.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25823" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25824" CreationDate="2018-04-13T06:10:31.833" Score="5" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This game has ended! The winner is walen with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25824/12637&quot;&gt;a 106-character translation&lt;/a&gt;. VeAqui had a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25850/12637&quot;&gt;translation also with 106 characters&lt;/a&gt; but they had a small error in the translation: it should be &quot;ay del que joda &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; mi gente&quot;, as the direct object of a sentence must be preceded by an &quot;a&quot; if it is a mention to a known collective or group of people (&quot;mi gente&quot; was previously referenced as &quot;those who guide their brothers&quot;). Examples: &quot;dispersaron &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; la multitud&quot;, &quot;echaron &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; la gente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game! If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following on some previous editions about great movie monologues, let's play this time with the famous &quot;Ezekiel 25:17&quot; speech from Samuel L. Jackson's character in &lt;em&gt;Pulp Fiction&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The path of the righteous man is beset on all sides by the inequities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men. Blessed is he who, in the name of charity and good will, shepherds the weak through the valley of darkness, for he is truly his brother's keeper and the finder of lost children. And I will strike down upon thee with great vengeance and furious anger those who attempt to poison and destroy my brothers. And you will know my name is the Lord when I lay my vengeance upon you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(387 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have as a starting point the official translation as it appears in the European Spanish version of the movie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; El camino del hombre recto está por todos lados rodeado por la avaricia de los egoístas y la tiranía de los hombres malos. Bendito sea aquel pastor que, en nombre de la caridad y de la buena voluntad, saque a los débiles del Valle de la Oscuridad. Porque él es el verdadero guardián de su hermano y el descubridor de los niños perdidos. ¡Y os aseguro que vendré a castigar con gran venganza y furiosa cólera a aquellos que pretendan envenenar y destruir a mis hermanos! ¡Y tú sabrás que mi nombre es Yavé, cuando mi venganza caiga sobre ti!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(431 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T07:24:10.497" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T07:24:10.497" Title="Translation Golf XXXVIII - The path of the righteous man" Tags="&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-13T06:53:27.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25823" CreationDate="2018-04-13T07:40:54.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;s&gt;111 108&lt;/s&gt; 106&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El justo va entre gente vil. Quien por amor guía al débil por negro val es buen tío. Y al que lo toque lo reviento, y sabréis que soy Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T06:29:58.423" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-13T07:40:54.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25822" CreationDate="2018-04-13T07:52:39.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a usual construction that can only be used in declarative sentences like this, but not in interrogative ones. In Spanish we can use the neuter article &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; to turn an adjective into a noun, with a quantitative meaning in this case. So you can use this construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pasada noche demostró lo agradable que es su personalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pasada noche se vio lo agradable de su personalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the same constructions as for questions, of course:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pasada noche se vio cuán agradable es su personalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pasada noche se vio cómo de agradable es su personalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, in American countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pasada noche se vio qué tan agradable es su personalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T07:52:39.040" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25827" CreationDate="2018-04-13T08:06:14.797" Score="4" ViewCount="19718" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿En qué contexto tiene sentido usarse la frase hecha &quot;Fuenteovejuna, todos a una&quot; de la obra de teatro &quot;Fuenteovejuna&quot;, de Lope de Vega?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo se usa en la obra de teatro y en qué contextos similares hoy en día podría aplicarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T08:09:48.260" LastActivityDate="2019-11-13T18:55:25.880" Title="¿Cuándo se puede usar la frase &quot;Fuenteovejuna, todos a una&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25826" CreationDate="2018-04-13T08:54:46.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es curioso, porque en este caso me parece que estamos ante otro posible ejemplo de &quot;tócala otra vez, Sam&quot;, que todo el mundo piensa que se dice en Casablanca pero la frase exacta no es así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto tal y como salió de la pluma de Lope de Vega es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Quién mató al Comendador?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Fuenteovejuna, Señor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Quién es Fuenteovejuna?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Todo el pueblo, a una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la obra original, el pueblo entero se pone de acuerdo para dar muerte a Hernán Pérez de Guzmán, Comendador Mayor de Calatrava, por los muchos agravios que pretendían haberles hecho. Y cuando se investiga al pueblo, por mucho que preguntan la respuesta que obtienen es siempre la citada arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE apariciones de &quot;Fuenteovejuna&quot; cerca de la palabra &quot;todos&quot;, el único texto que me sale es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y ahora os voy a decir una cosa. Callaros ya con Bakunin y Marx y toda esa gentuza. ¡U.H.P.! ¿Sabéis lo que quiere decir?: Unión de Hermanos Proletarios. Igual, igual que aquellos tíos de Fuenteovejuna: todos a una.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Barea, &quot;La forja de un rebelde&quot;, 1951 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de ahí, en el CREA se encuentran hasta 5 casos del texto &quot;Fuenteovejuna, todos a una&quot;, como el siguiente (que además demuestra cómo saltó el charco la expresión):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Además de ello, espanta, aterroriza, la actitud de irrespeto y desprecio por la vida. El hampa, la violencia terrorista, el imperio de los narcotraficantes. Como en Fuenteovejuna, todos a una quieren situar a los colombianos dentro de la categoría de los &quot;gallináceos&quot;. Tengamos el valor civil de reconocer nuestro miedo; y lo que es más importante, la decisión de superarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jorge Iván Bonilla Vélez, &quot;Violencia, medios y comunicación. Otras pistas en la investigación&quot;, 1995 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea básicamente es la misma que la de la frase &quot;la unión hace la fuerza&quot;: la fuerza de un conjunto de individuos actuando al unísono suele ser mayor que la suma de sus fuerzas individuales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esto puede ser para bien o para mal, como por ejemplo pasa en el caso de los linchamientos mediáticos. Todo el pueblo se puede poner en contra de alguien o algo que ha podido ser acusado injustamente por algún medio de comunicación o que ha codigo inmerecida mala fama, como en el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puede hablarse de privilegio de una clase social, de una casta determinada, de unos magnates favorecidos por tales o cuales leyes o sistemas económicos, pero ¿en qué medida se beneficia una ciudad, que al servicio de un colectivo nacional, ha empezado por sacrificar su propia naturaleza y tranquilidad? Todo lo contrario de lo que ahora está de moda decir; que Madrid es un vampiro que chupa la sangre de las pobres provincias. Pero, de hecho, afirmaciones así encienden a las gentes, siempre dispuestas al &quot;Fuenteovejuna, todos a una&quot;. Todos, pues, contra Madrid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País, 23/08/1977 : &quot;Delenda est Madrid&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T08:54:46.267" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25818" CreationDate="2018-04-13T09:33:34.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;alto&quot; as an exclamation has nothing to do with &quot;alto&quot; as an adjective. In the XVI century, king Charles I of Spain also became &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emperor Charles V&lt;/a&gt; of the Holy Roman Empire, Lord of the Netherlands and Archduke of Austria. So in terms of Linguistics it is interesting to note how some words passed from a language in the Holy Roman Empire, such as German, to Spanish. One of them was the German word &quot;halt&quot;, which became &quot;alto&quot;, as noted by the first Spanish dictionaries from the RAE. The following is from 1770:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ALTO. (Milic.) La voz de que se usa para mandar parar la tropa ó suspender la accion en que está.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Word used to command the troops to stop moving or to stop doing the current action.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And before that, in 1726 it was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ALTO. Voz que se usa para imponer siléncio, y que no se prosiga una conversación, discurso, riña, etc. aludiendo à la voz Alto en el uso militar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Word used to make someone shut up and not continue a conversation or speech, dispute, etc., alluding to the same word in its military usage.]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a dictionary from 1607 it is registered the expression &quot;alto hazer&quot; as originated from the German word &quot;Halten&quot;. You can still say &quot;hacer un alto en el camino&quot; as &quot;to make a stop in your journey&quot;. And in 1591 the expression &quot;alto hazer&quot; was registered in a Spanish-English dictionary as &quot;to keepe aloose&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So its use is indeed registered in the military context. Nowadays it still carries the same sense of obligation to stop, extended to non-military contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T11:22:58.583" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T11:22:58.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-13T15:10:41.070" Score="5" ViewCount="3373" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently there was a question that incidentally included an ungrammatical example: “¿&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25806/how-do-you-use-se-puede&quot;&gt;Puedo tener un vaso de agua&lt;/a&gt;?”, obviously a literal translation from English “¿May I have a glass of water?”. This wasn't the subject of the question but I think it would be useful to clarify the matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: how would you properly express, in Spanish, the request “to have (a drink, a bite, a piece of something)”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T20:22:50.317" Title="Using “tener” as English “to have” to ask for things (“can I have...?”)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25829" CreationDate="2018-04-13T15:10:41.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Replying to my own question, a couple of points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt; is not used in the same way as English &lt;em&gt;to have&lt;/em&gt; when it means &quot;to receive&quot; (an item) or &quot;to consume&quot; (a drink, a bite of something).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt; cannot be used to ask for something as in the English formula &lt;em&gt;Can I have...?&lt;/em&gt; Neither can &lt;em&gt;recibir&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to receive, to get, to obtain&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish structure used to ask for an item (to keep, use or consume) usually involves the verb &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to give&quot;. That is, it involves the giver as well as the receiver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me darías un vaso de agua?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which literally means: &quot;Would you give me a glass of water?&quot;, although more naturally you would say, &quot;May I have a glass of water?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; there are several verbs involving taking an object and passing it to someone, such as &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alcanzar&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me pasarías ese informe?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (lit.: &quot;Would you pass me that report?&quot;,&#xA;  also &quot;Can I have that report?&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb can be used in the indicative mood, or in the conditional mood (as in my examples) for a softer, indirect approach, or combined with &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; (even more indirect):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me podrías alcanzar aquel libro?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Could you (reach out and) pass me that book?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T15:10:41.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25831" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-13T15:41:01.697" Score="4" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25806/how-do-you-use-se-puede&quot;&gt;Esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; me dio varios temas para pensar. En mi respuesta dije primero que preguntar si algo &quot;se puede&quot;, en impersonal, cuando en realidad uno quiere que le den algo, es descortés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Se podrá tomar una cerveza fría acá?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego y a partir de un comentario de @aparente001 lo cambié porque entiendo que ese distanciamiento que da el impersonal puede ser, por el contrario, una forma de respeto o de suavizar un pedido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Se puede llamar larga distancia desde este teléfono?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces: ¿es descortés el pedido impersonal, o es respetuoso? ¿De qué depende? ¿Es sólo el tono o la actitud? ¿Se trata sólo de diferencias culturales o regionales? ¿Qué recomendación se le haría a un estudiante de castellano sobre su uso? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-28T21:27:08.700" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T21:27:08.700" Title="¿Qué connotación tiene la construcción impersonal al pedir permiso o cosas?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25832" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-13T17:28:29.870" Score="3" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm accustomed to using &quot;rebajar&quot; to indicate weight loss. However, when I type the following into Google Translate, I'm asked if I mean &quot;bajado&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He rebajado casi 60 libras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are both acceptable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned Spanish from living in Puerto Rico for many years, so maybe it's a regional difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19221" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T06:42:11.660" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T06:46:50.320" Title="rebajar vs. bajar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25829" CreationDate="2018-04-13T17:36:37.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the best translation is &quot;tomar&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedo tomar un vaso de agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check from DRAE that it hyas 39 meanings, and one of them is this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T17:36:37.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25831" CreationDate="2018-04-13T19:54:19.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues es que no puedes pedir cosas de forma impersonal, cuando lo haces de manera impersonal lo que estas solicitado es información, no autorización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si haces la segunda pregunta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Se puede llamar larga distancia desde este teléfono?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y saltas directo a usar el teléfono después de que te dije que &amp;quot;si&amp;quot;, pues lo considero un descaro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde pareciera que el su uso es impersonal es cuando le solicitas a alguien que haga algo por ti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Puede salir?”, “Puede acompañarme?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero creo que en lugar de ser impersonal, se está usando implícitamente el pronombre “usted”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ya vi la pregunta anterior y en efecto, no se está utilizando el “se puede” para pedir permiso para entrar, de hecho, se está preguntando si la entrada está disponible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se puede corroborar por que por lo común esta frase es únicamente utilizada en lugares públicos, por ejemplo :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al llegar a una tienda puedes preguntar “se puede?” pero no suena lógico decir “puedo pasar?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caso contrario: al cuarto de tu hermano es más lógico preguntar “puedo pasar” a preguntar “se puede”, aunque ambas son válidas en su propio contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusión:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usas &lt;strong&gt;“se puede”&lt;/strong&gt; para cosas que no necesitan permiso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usas &lt;strong&gt;“puedo”&lt;/strong&gt; para cosas que necesitan permiso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Postmortem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo aquí que el problema está en el uso y la costumbre más que en el significado de lo que se está diciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Se Puede” es para preguntar lo que es posible, no para pedir, Puedes preguntar “se puede salir a la calle después de las 8 de la noche?” y tal vez creas que estas pidiendo permiso, pero lo que estás haciendo es que estas pidiendo información, y con base a esa información deduces que tienes o que pediste permiso, habría que buscar los usos y costumbres de cada región e incluso familia, pero considero que utilizarlo para pedir es un uso y costumbre muy dentro del ambiente familiar que no debería exteriorizarse a otros ámbitos más formales, sobre todo si queremos llegar a tener una comunicación asertiva eficiente..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T13:47:03.443" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22950" CreationDate="2018-04-13T21:30:15.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por experiencia personal, en Panamá y ciertos países de Latinoamérica y Sudamérica por lo menos no se utiliza esta jerga en relación hacia animales blancos, pero tenemos una similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mantequilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elcomercio.pe/opinion/habla-culta/martha-hildebrandt-significado-mantequilla-149949&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Este articulo&lt;/a&gt; del diario El Comercio de Perú con referencias a otros diccionarios explica un poco sobre la etimología de esta palabra (énfasis mío):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este obvio diminutivo de manteca designa en la lengua general un “producto obtenido de la leche o de la crema por agitación o por batimiento, ya usando máquinas a propósito, ya mazando la leche en odres” (DRAE 2014). Pero en el lenguaje coloquial del Perú mantequilla también significa &lt;strong&gt;“jugador a quien le hacen concesiones en las reglas de un juego, generalmente, por ser principiante”&lt;/strong&gt; (Diccionario de peruanismos, APL, 2016). El oficial Diccionario de americanismos (2010) consigna esta definición circunscrita a Nicaragua: “Persona que trabaja o juega en un equipo sin estar oficialmente registrado”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo breve sería tal cual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale, jugamos con el hermanito menor de Juan, pero tengan en cuenta que el es mantequilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19222" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T21:30:15.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25832" CreationDate="2018-04-13T23:10:48.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to be a regional difference, yes. In fact &lt;em&gt;bajar (de peso)&lt;/em&gt; is much more common. Google Search assumes you've made a mistake if you search for &quot;rebajar de peso&quot;, and Google Ngram (which indexes books) shows &quot;bajar de peso&quot; is the norm (see below for graphs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main meaning of &lt;em&gt;rebajar&lt;/em&gt; according to the DLE is transitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tr. Reducir la altura, el volumen o la intensidad a algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;«he rebajado casi 60 libras»&lt;/em&gt; is therefore (according to the DLE) grammatically incorrect, since the verb is supposed to be transitive but there's no direct object there (&lt;em&gt;casi 60 libras&lt;/em&gt; is a complement, not an object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, &lt;em&gt;bajar&lt;/em&gt; has among its meanings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;intr. Disminuir o llegar a un nivel o una medida más bajos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this usage, &lt;em&gt;«he bajado casi 60 libras»&lt;/em&gt; is an intransitive phrase with a complement. The complement (&lt;em&gt;casi 60 libras&lt;/em&gt;) is a bit particular because it's not introduced by a preposition, but it can be parsed more or less like English &quot;I'm down almost 60 pounds&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it acceptable to use &lt;em&gt;rebajar&lt;/em&gt; as people do in Puerto Rico? Well, if they do it consistently, then it's part of the Spanish language and it's acceptable. It will be understood by any Spanish speaker, even if it sounds a bit off. The DLE doesn't always include all regional usage variants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/udTVH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/udTVH.png&quot; alt=&quot;rebajar de peso&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r4Msq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r4Msq.png&quot; alt=&quot;bajar vs. rebajar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T23:10:48.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25829" CreationDate="2018-04-14T02:04:04.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedo tomar un vaso de agua? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedo tomar agua? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Puedo tomar algo de agua?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Puedo tener un vaso de agua?&lt;/code&gt; sounds like you are asking for confirmation whether  you are capable or not of doing so. This does not mean you're thirsty and want some water. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may be correct in formal Spanish: ¿Puedo tomar un vaso de agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this was helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19223" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-04-14T03:30:26.587" LastActivityDate="2018-04-14T03:30:26.587" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25829" CreationDate="2018-04-14T02:57:27.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the crux of the matter is to learn which verbs are used to talk about eating and drinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, when we eat or drink something, we use &amp;quot;to have.&amp;quot;  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could we have chicken soup for lunch?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to have lunch before I hit the road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In France people usually have a glass of wine with dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, in all these cases, &lt;strong&gt;have&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;doesn't work&lt;/em&gt;.  Here are the three examples, expressed idiomatically in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podríamos &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; caldo de pollo hoy al mediodía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría &lt;strong&gt;comer&lt;/strong&gt; antes de lanzarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Francia suelen &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; un vaso de vino con la cena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T06:04:39.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25840" CreationDate="2018-04-14T11:31:21.860" Score="4" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rubén Darío, in a poem written around 1890 (&lt;em&gt;&quot;Reencarnaciones&quot;&lt;/em&gt;) speaks of &quot;labio de niña&quot; which I have interpreted as a type of flower which appears very much like human lips (called &quot;Hooker's Lips&quot; in places, scientific name &lt;em&gt;psychotria elata&lt;/em&gt;). I cannot confirm this. But it seems a better translation than one I see often (&quot;a young girl's lips that yields&quot;) since a splicing of a girl's lips between vegetal matter and a lark in this way seems jarring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo fui coral primero,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  después hermosa piedra,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  después fui de los bosques verde y colgante hiedra;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  después yo fui manzana,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lirio de la campiña,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  labio de niña,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una alondra cantando en la mañana;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y ahora soy un alma&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que canta como canta una palma&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de luz de Dios al viento.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10979" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T21:28:02.383" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T21:28:02.383" Title="Has anyone encountered &quot;Labio de niña&quot; within Spanish literature or perhaps the plant world?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25839" CreationDate="2018-04-14T13:02:15.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Plants&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While there do exist &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25802/what-is-a-palma-de-luz?#comment42350_25802&quot;&gt;similar&lt;/a&gt; common names for &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychotria_poeppigiana#Nombres_comunes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Psychotria poeppigiana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;labio de niña&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; appears to be a common name for a couple of different species of plant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Locustberries / Serrettes (&lt;em&gt;Byrsonima&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FkQMim.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FkQMim.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/minassaomuitas/15870505969&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras especies reportadas son el chuguacá hojiancho (Hyeronima macrocarpa), hojarasco (Talauma caricifragans), cerezo (Callophyllum sp.), chuguacá hojipequeño (Hyeronima colombiana), &lt;strong&gt;labio de niña (Byrsonima sp.)&lt;/strong&gt;, cereza (Ruagea glabra), Granizo (Posoqueria latifolia), ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sie.car.gov.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.11786/33814/29622.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plan de manejo ambiental de la Cuchilla de Peñas Blancas y del Subia,&lt;/em&gt; Departamento de Cundinamarca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Otoba (&lt;em&gt;O. parvifolia&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/48bOGm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/48bOGm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;http://arbolesdeucayali.blogspot.co.uk/2017/03/otoba-parvifolia-markgr-ah-gentry.html&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cerca al río Siare y caño las Viejitas se encuentran las especies: Peralejo (pera arborea), Ajicito (Humiria sp), Arrayán (Myrcia sp), Gallino (pentagonia); papelillo (simaruoba amara), &lt;strong&gt;labio de niña (dialyanthera parvifolia)&lt;/strong&gt;; cabo de hacha (Aspidosperma oblongum); Chaparro montañero (Hieronyma laxiflota) y caraño (Dacryopes sp).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ceo.uniandes.edu.co/images/Documentos/Plan_de_Desarrollo-_Mapirip%C3%A1n.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plan de Desarrollo &amp;quot;La Fuerza del Pueblo 2016-2019&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, Mapiripán Meta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Quaruba (&lt;em&gt;Vochysia ferruginea Mart.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9vLEZm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9vLEZm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;http://ctfs.si.edu/webatlas/findinfo.php?specid=8799&amp;amp;leng=english&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOROGA DORMILÓN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nombre científico:&lt;/strong&gt; Vochysia ferruginea Mart.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Familia:&lt;/strong&gt; Vochysiaceae&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Nombres comunes:&lt;/strong&gt; Gomo, Goma, Almidón, Bizcochito, Corocito, Cacho de venado, Cajú, Kamusanakee, Kuana, &lt;strong&gt;Labio de niña&lt;/strong&gt;, Peerai-Kai, Suruma, Tidutí, Tumuko &lt;strong&gt;(Col.)&lt;/strong&gt;; Laguno, Chimbulla (Ecu.); Quillosisa, Shambo caspi (Perú); Saladillo (Ven.); Cedro rana, Pau de vinho, Pau de vinho preto, Vinheiro do matto, Guaricica (Bras.); Prefontaine bois (Guy.); Kwari, MotiKwarie, Wane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=Gr5fAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=labio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Propiedades, Usos y Nominación de Especies Vegetales de la Amazonía Colombiana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - p.&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/document/244512973/MARCO-TEORICO-docx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;117&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dPylC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dPylC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Db019.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Db019.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xycol.net/index.php?categorie=200&amp;amp;op=fiche&amp;amp;liste_resultat_active=6&amp;amp;appellation_nsr=Vochysia+ferruginea+Mart.%2C+1826&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xycol: Fiche: &lt;em&gt;Vochysia ferruginea&lt;/em&gt; Mart., 1826&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RevPX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RevPX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cornare.gov.co/boletin_oficial/2011/Septiembre/9502.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cornare.gov.co/boletin_oficial/2011/Septiembre/9502.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Literature&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literarily the phrase only seems to make another appearance as a translation of the (literal) French &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;lèvre enfantine&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; in Arthur Rimbaud's (1854-1891) poem &lt;a href=&quot;https://poemasenfrances.blogspot.co.uk/2004/09/arthur-rimbaud-la-maline.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La maline&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;La tunata&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as &lt;em&gt;labio&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;de niña&lt;/em&gt; (again, literally) in Darío's own &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Mi tía Rosa&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (1923):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en tanto que escuchaba vuestros reproches, bajo la tempestad de vuestro regaño, miraba flamear como un estandarte real la más opulenta y perfumada de las cabelleras rubias; y pensaba en la roja corola de los dos más lindos &lt;strong&gt;labios de niña&lt;/strong&gt;; tras cuyo cerco de raso estaba la miel ultraterrestre de la más dulce fruta; y oía la voz amorosa que primeramente me despertara a la pasión de las pasiones; y bajo mis dedos nerviosos y avaros todo el tesoro columbino, y el del oro y el del marfil y el del rubí ¡el ala del cisne, la onda, la lira! No; no era yo, pues, el culpable; no fuí más que un nuevo instrumento de la infinita orquesta; y por furioso, por loco, por sonoro que fuese, no haría más que el mínimo gorrión de los árboles, o del más pequeño pez de las aguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sajurin.enriquebolanos.org/vega/docs/LL_RubenDarioCuentosJoseEmilioBalladares.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rubén Darío, &lt;em&gt;Cuentos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - Rojo, Relatos sombríos (p.141)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Es conocida localmente como &lt;strong&gt;labios ardientes, labios de la novia&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;​ &lt;strong&gt;flor de labios, beso de negra&lt;/strong&gt; y sombrerito del diablo.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;​&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T20:35:55.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25823" CreationDate="2018-04-15T02:12:55.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;h1&gt;186 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avaros y crueles escoltan al hombre bueno. Quien, por piedad, ayude a los flojos, ¡bravo! Guarda a los suyos y salva necesitados. Sabed que penaréis grandemente aquellos que queréis el mal para los míos, notando mi nombre en la multa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T02:16:56.267" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-15T02:12:55.887" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25799" CreationDate="2018-04-15T05:39:58.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yotanka puso (y luego borró) una respuesta en la que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizás un anglicismo a partir de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/swab?q=SWAB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;swab&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;to wash a surface, especially the open, flat areas of a ship, with a wet cloth or mop.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece bien, porque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la República Dominicana es una isla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;swab es el término que se usa en los barcos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sweep no incluye agua ni humedad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;swab se oye cercano a suapear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo lo argumentado, a mí me convence la respuesta borrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T11:43:16.377" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T11:43:16.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25832" CreationDate="2018-04-15T06:40:54.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did the following google search:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me puse en dieta y rebajé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(without quotation marks), and I found that plenty of people seem to express themselves this way, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rebajé 12 libras mi primer mes &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nootric.es/pregunta-nutricion/ayuda-788&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.nootric.es/pregunta-nutricion/ayuda-788&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdí 20 libras y rebajé dos tallas de ropa &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tualdia.com/recetas-de-dietas/dietas-para-adelgazar/dieta-del-arroz-pollo-y-manzana.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tualdia.com/recetas-de-dietas/dietas-para-adelgazar/dieta-del-arroz-pollo-y-manzana.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/rebajar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt; documents this meaning of &lt;em&gt;rebajar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 c&lt;/strong&gt; (en cantidad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[nivel, temperatura] to reduce * lower&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[luz, tensión, intensidad] to reduce&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[peso] to lose&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[dolor] to ease * alleviate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;la OMS aconseja rebajar el consumo de azúcar en la dieta the WHO recommends reducing or lowering the sugar intake in one’s diet&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quiere rebajar cinco kilos he wants to take off or lose five kilos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;el hotel rebajó su categoría de cinco a cuatro estrellas the hotel reduced its rating from five-star to four-star&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T06:46:50.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25845" CreationDate="2018-04-15T07:54:08.573" Score="2" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo traducir esta frase al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My ideal friend would have the same hobbies as me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo ideal tendría las mismas aficiones que mi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto o no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18619" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T00:27:52.990" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T00:27:52.990" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;My ideal friend would have the same hobbies as me&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25844" CreationDate="2018-04-15T09:38:33.360" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Casi perfecto, salvo el final, donde debería ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; en lugar de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, es decir:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo ideal tendría las mismas aficiones que yo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso podrías dejar &quot;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hobbies&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en vez de &quot;aficiones&quot;, pero &lt;em&gt;en cursiva&lt;/em&gt;, como extranjerismo aceptado por la Real Academia: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KXu47LP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hobby&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voz ingl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Actividad que, como afición o pasatiempo favorito, se practica habitualmente en los ratos de ocio.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y quedaría:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo ideal tendría los mismos &lt;em&gt;hobbies&lt;/em&gt; que yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T15:37:13.867" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T15:37:13.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="738" CreationDate="2018-04-15T10:31:25.330" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is perfectly grammatical to use &lt;em&gt;embarazado&lt;/em&gt; to refer to female (sex) beings with words of masculine (grammatical) gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;”&lt;strong&gt;Mi personaje&lt;/strong&gt; ahora mismo &lt;strong&gt;no está embarazado&lt;/strong&gt; así que debo vigilar de no tocarme la barriga delante de las cámaras. Cuando empiezo a hacerlo, algo que se me escapa sin pensar, el director me señala la barriga y ya sé que tengo que parar”&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/series/20171124/433137091603/anatomia-de-grey-embarazo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lavanguardia.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... en el hoyo hay &lt;strong&gt;un ratón embarazado&lt;/strong&gt;, peludo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HvS4_6MQA_YC&amp;amp;pg=PA236&amp;amp;lpg=PA236&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;rat%C3%B3n+embarazado&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuento Del Perro Bailarn&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Juan Trigos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or non-person/animal objects metaphorically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por eso no es de extrañar que de allí nos llegue esta peculiar casa ‘embarazada’... La ‘barriguita’ de &lt;strong&gt;este edificio embarazado&lt;/strong&gt; hizo posible que el salón de 30 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; pudiese iluminarse con luz natural.&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.idealista.com/news/inmobiliario/internacional/2016/02/11/740947-el-edificio-embarazado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idealista.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or literally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El cuerpo embarazado&lt;/strong&gt; deviene, tanto para la portadora/dueña (¿cómo deberíamos denominar aquí a la mujer embarazada?) como para los que lo contemplan, un tiempo y espacio fronterizo, un cuerpo liminal donde se funden el ahora y el devenir, lo natural y lo cultural, el yo y el otro.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/POSO/article/view/POSO0101130097A/24407&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mujeres gestantes, madres en gestación. Metáforas de un cuerpo fronterizo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Elixabete Imaz Martínez (&lt;em&gt;Política y Sociedad&lt;/em&gt;, Vol. 36)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T11:39:03.213" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T11:39:03.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="738" CreationDate="2018-04-15T16:00:29.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference of grammatical gender (masculine / feminine) does not have a direct relation with the biological sex (male / female). From the answers and reactions that this question has caused, we deduce that there are no &amp;quot;adjectives for women&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can provide the following word &lt;strong&gt;following the initial intention of the question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPwyuYQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marimacho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Mari&lt;/em&gt;, apóc. de &lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;macho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;. m. coloq. Mujer que en su corpulencia o acciones parece hombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adhering strictly to the definition of the dictionary, this word only applies to women. But, of course, you can invalidate this answer with both grammatical examples and figurative language (for example, &lt;em&gt;ese es &lt;strong&gt;un texto&lt;/strong&gt; muy marimacho&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T16:00:29.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26054" CreationDate="2018-04-15T21:02:29.790" Score="5" ViewCount="10674" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;pensando en la inmortalidad del cangrejo&quot; es muy usada en los paises de habla hispana. Sin embargo, a pesar de entender bien a que se refiere, no puedo encontrar el origen de esta frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13046" LastActivityDate="2019-07-16T13:14:45.960" Title="Origen de la frase &quot;pensando en la inmortalidad del cangrejo&quot;" Tags="&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24510" CreationDate="2018-04-15T22:26:58.280" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que tu confusión comienza con la terminología. &lt;strong&gt;Impersonal&lt;/strong&gt; es una clase de construcción verbal. En esta construcción, el verbo es conjugado en la tercera persona del singular y va acompañado del pronombre &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se come muy bien aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ya no se respeta a los ancianos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una construcción muy parecida pero con otro sentido, la &lt;strong&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/strong&gt;, como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El desayuno se sirve a las 8:00.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Estas casas se construyeron a finales del siglo XX.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La construcción impersonal sirve para afirmaciones generales. La pasiva refleja es una de las formas de la voz pasiva en español (la otra es la &lt;strong&gt;pasiva perifrástica&lt;/strong&gt;, que funciona como la del inglés, con el verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; + participio). [¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cómo diferenciarlas&lt;/a&gt;?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los participios pasivos no son impersonales.&lt;/strong&gt; Se usan en diferentes tipos de frases y éstas pueden ser impersonales o no. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;He trabajado&lt;/em&gt; es el verbo &lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt; en la primera persona del singular del tiempo pretérito perfecto del modo indicativo. Es una frase personal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se ha trabajado&lt;/em&gt; es el verbo &lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt; en la forma impersonal del pretérito perfecto del indicativo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se trabajó&lt;/em&gt; es el verbo &lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt; en la forma impersonal del pretérito indefinido del indicativo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al escribir formalmente (por ejemplo, una tesis) a veces se prefiere usar la voz pasiva o la construcción impersonal en vez de utilizar la primera persona. En vez de decir &lt;em&gt;«yo hice esto, yo observé aquello»&lt;/em&gt;, se dice &lt;em&gt;«se hizo esto, se observó aquello»&lt;/em&gt;. Ambas formas están bien, pero a veces existen normas de estilo que hay que respetar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T22:26:58.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25823" CreationDate="2018-04-16T01:39:31.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;106 Chars&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El man bien cruza por viles. Gloria al que guía al pobre, pues cuida ñeros y huérfanos. ¡Ay del que joda mi gente!. Al vengarme dirán: ¡Dios!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomando el DAMER (modo CO), tenemos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;man: Individuo, hombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ñero: Amigo intimo, compañero inseparable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gloria por blessed, pobre por weak (acepción 4 o 1, la que se vea mejor), huérfanos por lost children. Ay de en términos de amenaza (2da. acepción de Ay en el DLE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier otra explicación, me informan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T03:03:37.617" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T03:03:37.617" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-16T01:39:31.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24510" CreationDate="2018-04-16T05:24:12.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta complementaria a la respuesta excelente de Pablo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica, conozco las siguientes opciones para tratar del autor y del lector de la tesis.  Ofrezco un ejemplo de cada opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Autor&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Primera persona &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;nosotros&lt;/strong&gt;): En este artículo, &lt;em&gt;proponemos&lt;/em&gt; etc. | In this article, &lt;em&gt;we propose&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Primera persona &lt;strong&gt;singular&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt;): En este artículo, &lt;em&gt;propongo&lt;/em&gt; etc. | In this article, &lt;em&gt;I propose&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tercera persona (&lt;strong&gt;el autor&lt;/strong&gt;): En este artículo, &lt;em&gt;el autor propone&lt;/em&gt; etc. | In this article, &lt;em&gt;the author proposes&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tercera persona (&lt;strong&gt;uno; el que, hay que&lt;/strong&gt;): En este campo, &lt;em&gt;el que utilice el método original tendrá que esforzarse para evitar los efectos secundarios&lt;/em&gt;; En este campo, &lt;em&gt;hay que tener&lt;/em&gt; cuidado con etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Construcción impersonal: En este artículo, &lt;em&gt;se propone&lt;/em&gt; etc. | In this article, &lt;em&gt;it is proposed&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Lector&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. Segunda persona, &lt;strong&gt;informal&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt;): Si &lt;em&gt;preprocesas&lt;/em&gt; los datos antes de analizarlos, etc. | If &lt;em&gt;you preprocess&lt;/em&gt; the data before analyzing it, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Segunda persona, &lt;strong&gt;formal&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;Ud.&lt;/strong&gt;): Si &lt;em&gt;Ud. preprocesa&lt;/em&gt; los datos antes de analizarlos, etc. | (igual que A)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. Tercera persona (&lt;strong&gt;el lector&lt;/strong&gt;): Si &lt;em&gt;el lector preprocesa&lt;/em&gt; los datos antes etc. | If &lt;em&gt;the reader preprocesses&lt;/em&gt; the data before etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. (Lo mismo que Caso 5, arriba.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Se podría incluir opción E aquí, similar a la opción 5, pero esta opción nunca surge, porque se vería igualito que 4, así que en la práctica, no se usa para evitar confusiones entre autor y lector.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El gerundio, como por ejemplo &amp;quot;proponiendo&amp;quot;, y tiempos pasados, como por ejemplo &amp;quot;se había propuesto&amp;quot;, se pueden usar en 1, 2, 3, 4, A, B o C.  La diferencia de trato &lt;em&gt;no se relaciona&lt;/em&gt; con el &lt;em&gt;tiempo o forma de verbo&lt;/em&gt; de la oración.  Son aspectos completamente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estilos 3 y 4 se pueden combinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay preguntas sobre este asunto en Academia SE, por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://academia.stackexchange.com/q/107259/32436&quot;&gt;https://academia.stackexchange.com/q/107259/32436&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T05:50:05.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2018-04-16T07:11:21.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is not &lt;em&gt;se impersonal&lt;/em&gt; at all. There is a clear subject (&lt;em&gt;la niña&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;). We use &lt;em&gt;se impersonal&lt;/em&gt; in some constructions with no subject, or with an undefined subject, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se tarda tres horas en llegar a Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se considera que la Ingeniería es una carrera difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se sabe quién escribió el &lt;em&gt;Lazarillo de Tormes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se cree que los monolitos tenían un uso ritual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your examples use the &lt;strong&gt;quasi-reflexive&lt;/strong&gt; construction, where the construction is reflexive, but the meaning is not. The subject and the object are unrelated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T07:11:21.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2018-04-16T11:13:22.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer: no, it is &lt;strong&gt;not an impersonal&lt;/strong&gt; se; BUT, it is &lt;strong&gt;not reflexive either&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this is indeed a hard topic, but that should make us be extremely careful with this. There are 7 usages of &quot;se&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reflexive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reciprocal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variant of &quot;le&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Part of pronominal verb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Impersonal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, your sentence has the 7th one. We call it &quot;Dativo ético&quot; in Spanish. Here, &quot;se&quot; is used only for &lt;strong&gt;emphasis&lt;/strong&gt;. It has no other meaning at all, and consequently, &lt;strong&gt;you can remove it without changing anything in the meaning&lt;/strong&gt;. However, using this is more natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella come la manzana = She eats the apple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a valid sentence, but it sounds little natural. Instead, we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; come la manzana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning is the same. At most, you can say &quot;she eats it for her&quot;, which is a little obvious, but check that it is more &quot;visual&quot;. &quot;Ella come&quot; is a subject+verb construction. It has the same structure as &quot;ella hace&quot;. If you add &quot;se&quot;, it implies a reminiscence of &quot;action back to her&quot;. However, these are meaningless nuances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, it is prescindible, but it makes it sound much more natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm saying this because I've seen other answers are &quot;not accurate&quot;. There's one thing true: it is not impersonal. There is a subject, so the discussion is ended. &quot;Impersonal&quot; means &quot;no subject&quot;, so it is not impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it isn't reflexive either, because a &quot;reflexive se&quot; means that &quot;se&quot; is the object, and here the object is &quot;la manzana&quot;, so it cannot be reflexive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could discard all others in the list. Only the 7th usage is the one here. Hope this helps to clear it a little bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T11:13:22.200" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24510" CreationDate="2018-04-16T11:22:16.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers are pretty good. I'll only try so summarise the key idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Impersonal means that the subject doesn't exist, or it is not a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the key. So gerundives and participles don't have too much to do with this tpic. The key is about the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say &lt;code&gt;estaba trabajando en&lt;/code&gt;, but that sentence has a subject, which is &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt;, which is not impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to do it is like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change all &quot;yo&quot; or &quot;nosotros&quot; for &quot;constructions with impersonal or passive se&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Medimos los datos → Se midieron los datos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to use items as subjects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los datos fueron medidos.&#xA;  El programa muestra los datos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sum, avoid using people to be subjects when possible. This is all, good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T11:22:16.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2018-04-16T14:51:56.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«La niña se come la manzana»&lt;/em&gt; is not impersonal (there's a personal subject, &lt;em&gt;la niña&lt;/em&gt;, doing the action). &lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; is being used to mark a finished or complete action (the New Grammar of the Spanish Language refers to it as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; aspectual&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; intensivo&lt;/strong&gt;), or to emphasize the effort done to complete it, or even to suggest excess. [Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGLE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OuUbQKbSzQgggDWp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;23.4o&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=puhShrBmtaxOoKdY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;q&lt;/a&gt;,  &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pGDSyRsacroZTvHO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;35.7v&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bGswKcLaaRWQjTa,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;y&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This usage is common with &amp;quot;consumption&amp;quot; verbs: those that refer to eating or drinking, mainly (&lt;em&gt;comer, beber, tomar&lt;/em&gt;), and also &lt;em&gt;fumar&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;to smoke&amp;quot;). An English equivalent would be phrasal verbs with &lt;em&gt;up&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los niños se comieron el pastel.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;The kids ate up [all] the cake.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me bebí tres latas de cerveza.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;I drank three cans of beer.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Te vas a tomar ese trago?&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;Are you going to have [all of] that drink?&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella se fuma un cigarrillo.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;She smokes a cigarette.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When used this way the &amp;quot;consumption&amp;quot; verbs are often accompanied by words that emphasize the completeness of the action, such as &lt;em&gt;todo, completo, totalmente, completamente, entero&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These same verbs can appear without the pronoun (&lt;em&gt;se, me, te&lt;/em&gt;), but the meaning is not always exactly the same, and sometimes the bare verb sounds unnatural. This is what I &amp;quot;hear&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La niña come una manzana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means the girl is eating from an apple; she is taking bites out of an apple, not necessarily eating it all up. Also, the sentence simply describes the situation (girl with apple in hand, presumably).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La niña se come una manzana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means the girl is eating an apple, from beginning to end; she is consuming it with the intent of finishing it. She's also personally involved with this eating (maybe enjoying it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some other verbs that can take &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to show full consumption and/or involvement, for example &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;to read&amp;quot; and &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;to watch&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me leí todo el libro de un tirón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I read the whole book in one go.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos vimos una película buenísima.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;We watched an awesome movie.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some cases where you cannot use &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; with verbs of consumption. For example, when making general statements like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estos niños no comen verduras.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;These kids don't eat vegetables.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella sólo bebe agua.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;She only drinks water.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo fumo en pipa.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;I smoke with a pipe.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T21:12:08.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25866" CreationDate="2018-04-16T18:24:13.617" Score="4" ViewCount="540" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué «agua hirviendo» parece ser de género masculino mientras que «agua carbonatada» parece ser de género femenino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es «agua hirviendo» un error? Lo veo a menudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19194" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T05:49:57.770" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T00:18:26.310" Title="¿Es «hirviendo» un adjetivo masculino?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25857" CreationDate="2018-04-16T18:33:29.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agua&lt;/strong&gt; es del género femenino, eso hace que cualquier adjetivo que posea deberá ser del género femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Hirviendo&lt;/strong&gt;” no es un adjetivo, es un verbo en presente continuo y carece de género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T00:18:26.310" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T00:18:26.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20262" CreationDate="2018-04-16T18:48:08.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt; como (terminal) &lt;em&gt;í ~ i ~ y&lt;/em&gt; parece haber sido más común en los siglos XV al XVI según estos resultados de búsqueda del &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; (primero &lt;strong&gt;1284&lt;/strong&gt; - último &lt;strong&gt;1626&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QHSDz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QHSDz.png&quot; alt=&quot;muestra&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese también su uso en &lt;em&gt;reýa&lt;/em&gt; y palabras anticuadas, como &lt;em&gt;roýdos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;otrosý&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ansý&lt;/em&gt; (&gt; &lt;em&gt;ansí&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;así&lt;/em&gt;) etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ademas, hay estos nombres propios que todavía llevan tildes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aýna&lt;/em&gt; (municipio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Laýna&lt;/em&gt; (apellido)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ýñigo&lt;/em&gt; (apellido)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ýscar&lt;/em&gt; (nombre)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;f) La tilde se escribe sobre los grafemas vocálicos&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;... En los casos en que el acento de la palabra recaiga sobre un fonema vocálico /i/ excepcionalmente representado con el grafema y, se escribirá la tilde sobre esta letra si la palabra debe acentuarse gráficamente según las reglas de acentuación. Estos raros casos se dan en topónimos y antropónimos escritos con una y vocálica ortográficamente arcaica (v. cap. I, § 6.1.2.1.2c): &lt;em&gt;Aýna&lt;/em&gt; (municipio español), &lt;em&gt;Laýna&lt;/em&gt; (apellido).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Información adicional. En las ediciones de textos antiguos en las que se respetan las grafías originales, donde la letra y puede aparecer en otros contextos distintos de los que le corresponden a este grafema en la actualidad, se puede ver escrita la y con tilde como resultado de aplicar a las palabras con grafías desusadas las reglas de acentuación hoy vigentes: &lt;em&gt;otrosý&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ansý&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;roýdos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aýna&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ýñigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ýscar&lt;/em&gt;. En estos mismos textos, el adverbio tónico &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt;, que significa ‘allí’, se escribe con tilde diacrítica (v. § 3.4.3.1, segunda información adicional) para diferenciarlo de la conjunción copulativa átona y: &lt;em&gt;«Non tornaron por ello desque lo ý metieron»&lt;/em&gt; (Berceo Domingo [Esp. c1236]).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fupVvbcsRxbFstPx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortografía de la lengua española: 3.2 &lt;strong&gt;Principios por los que se rige el sistema de acentuación gráfica del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.222-223)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T10:33:08.423" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T10:33:08.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25917" CreationDate="2018-04-16T22:47:06.030" Score="6" ViewCount="1646" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una onomatopeya para el sonido que emiten las hienas para comunicarse, que usualmente se asocia con el sonido de una risa humana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-16T22:49:24.090" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T15:40:53.200" Title="¿Existe una onomatopeya para el sonido de la &quot;risa&quot; de una hiena?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25867" CreationDate="2018-04-16T23:16:57.660" Score="4" ViewCount="44184" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi familia se acostumbra usar la frase &lt;em&gt;hacer caso omiso&lt;/em&gt; en referencia a algo que hay que ignorar.  Tengo en conocimiento que este es el significado correcto de la frase, pero no logro entender cómo llega a tomar ese significado, dado que según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;omiso&lt;/em&gt; se define como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;omiso, sa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del lat. omissus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Flojo y descuidado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo es que &lt;em&gt;hacer caso omiso&lt;/em&gt; llega a tomar el significado de &lt;em&gt;algo por ignorar&lt;/em&gt; partiendo de un significado &lt;em&gt;flojo y descuidado&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí adjunto un ejemplo del uso de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Papá: ¿Es cierto que van a empezar a cobrar por usar Facebook?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hijo: No, eso no es verídico, es un rumor viejo que lleva circulando por años pero nunca sucede.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Papá: Ya entiendo. Es mejor &lt;em&gt;hacer caso omiso&lt;/em&gt;, entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-17T09:28:45.210" LastActivityDate="2021-02-03T21:14:48.943" Title="Origen de la frase &quot;hacer caso omiso&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25861" CreationDate="2018-04-16T23:57:45.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si le hacemos caso a algo o alguien, lo tratamos de forma seria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con la edición de la palabra &lt;em&gt;omiso&lt;/em&gt;, efectivamente estamos diciendo que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; vamos a tomarlo en serio, es decir, apenas hacerle caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T23:57:45.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25865" CreationDate="2018-04-17T02:15:53.777" Score="2" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pasando por el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cDJvEHn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; (en internet) encontraba que el término yoyo era &lt;em&gt;exclusivo&lt;/em&gt; de Cuba, México y El Salvador, dando a entender que para el resto del mundo hispano manejamos yoyós... algo bastante raro pues toda mi vida he jugado y visto jugar con yoyos (graves, no agudos) en Colombia. Al ir al &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=yoyo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DAMER&lt;/a&gt;, el yoyo cubre casi la mitad del mundo hispanohablante y las definiciones (en su primera acepción) que deberían ser iguales, son las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DLE (yoyó)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juguete de origen chino que consiste en dos discos pequeños unidos por un eje en torno al cual se ata y enrolla una cuerda por la que se lo hace subir y bajar de manera sucesiva a impulsos de la mano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DAMER (yoyo I. 1.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mx, Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, Cu, RD, PR, Co, Ve, Bo, Py.&lt;/em&gt; Juguete que consiste en dos discos de madera, metal o plástico, unidos por un eje al que se ata una cuerda, que se utiliza agarrando el otro extremo de la cuerda, con los dedos, para sujetarlo, mientras se lanza al aire intentando que se enrolle y se desenrolle sucesivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien la RAE no es la ASALE, no encuentro motivos para cambiar el significado e incluso podrían unificarlos. ¿Existe motivo para mantener la diferencia y desconocer el término grave para casi 120 millones de hispanohablantes en el DLE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.713" Title="¿Por qué la diferencia entre el DLE y el DAMER en el término yoyo?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25822" CreationDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supplementary answer to Gorpik's (which I support).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anoche se demostró hasta donde llega su amabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anoche se pudo ver hasta qué grado llega su amabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anoche se pudo ver el extento de su amabilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anoche se pudo ver lo amable que es [fulano].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Fulano&lt;/em&gt; is a stand-in for the name of the person you're referring to.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although you didn't ask for alternative phrasings of questions, I'll offer this to help you see how it can be helpful to forget about &lt;em&gt;translating&lt;/em&gt; and concentrate instead on getting the &lt;em&gt;idea&lt;/em&gt; across:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el valor de estas películas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25863" CreationDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas explicaciones posibles, pero en principio, la del DAMER es la más nueva.  Para saber por qué tienen una definición diferente, tal vez pensasen que la definición del DLE no era suficiente, tal vez la escribiesen de forma independiente.  La mayoría de las entradas que existen en ambos diccionarios tiene definiciones ligeramente (o no) diferentes.  Principalmente con respecto a las etiquetas (aunque posiblemente hasta cierto punto para la acepción en sí) las razones podrían ser de las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Según la academia, hubo modificaciones a casi la mitad de las entradas, pero leyendo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/La_vigesimotercera_edicion.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los cambios&lt;/a&gt;, es fácil imaginar que una palabra como &lt;em&gt;yoyó/yoyo&lt;/em&gt; quedara sin actualización sin que hubiese razón específica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las entradas del DAMER, como regla general, reconocen usos más minoritarios y localizados de las palabras y si en aquellos países donde tiene uso no es el uso mayoritario (excepto en Méjico, El Salvador y Cuba), puede que hayan pensado mejor solo reconocerlo con los países donde su uso es general y preferente a &lt;em&gt;yoyó&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ignoro la extensión de &lt;em&gt;yoyo&lt;/em&gt; frente &lt;em&gt;yoyó&lt;/em&gt; en aquellos países, no puede decir nada con respecto a n.º 2, pero n.º 1 no me sorprendería en absoluto, ambas formas estaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, los académicos que se reúnen para mantener y actualizar el DLE, que son los académicos de ASALE de los cuales se incluyen los de la RAE (el DLE la editan y la publican la RAE y la ASALE juntamente), pueden pedir modificaciones y adiciones.  Si recuerdo bien, para la 23.ª edición, se daba preferencia a las cosas que se registraban en tres países o más, por lo que si hubiese sido propuesta la adición de nuevas etiquetas geográficas conforme el DAMER, no veo cómo no habría sido aprobada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T03:04:11.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25857" CreationDate="2018-04-17T06:38:37.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Menudo adjetivo has elegido para hacer esta pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos dos hechos curiosos que seguramente te han causado la duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; es femenina, pero empieza con /a/ tónica, por tanto, emplea el artículo feminino &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El adjetivo &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; es invariable en cuanto a género (y número).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el primero, nota la evolución que habría tenido la palabra agua, fonéticamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Almost Latin   Early Romance    Modern&#xA;-----------------------------------------&#xA; illa aqua        ellagua       el agua&#xA;illas aquas    ellas aguas     las aguas&#xA;  una aqua         unagua       un agua&#xA; unas aquas     unas aguas    unas aguas&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, because of the way the &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; sounds right in front of &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;, it ended up evolving into &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.  But it's pure coincidence that it looks like the masculine &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; that came from &lt;em&gt;ille&lt;/em&gt;.  Although the exact phonetic rules varied a bit over time, if the article came directly in front of certain words that begin with an /a/, you could get this special version of &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;.  But the word was still feminine (remember, that &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; is technically feminine too!), so all adjectives would agree (&lt;em&gt;el agua fría y clara&lt;/em&gt;).  And if the adjective got placed between the article and the noun, it would revert to the standard &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;la cristalina agua&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos un ejemplo de un error que tras el tiempo ha ido ganando terreno a la forma técnicamente correcta.  &lt;em&gt;Debe&lt;/em&gt; ser &lt;em&gt;hirviente&lt;/em&gt; que es adjetivo de pura cepa.  No obstante, el gerundio, &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; ya se usa como adjetivo. Siendo la terminación &lt;em&gt;-iendo&lt;/em&gt; una no marcada para género (es decir, no indica por sí el género, aunque termine en &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;), ni tampoco se marca por número, aunque los gerundios &lt;em&gt;nominales&lt;/em&gt; suelen adquirir marcas por número (&lt;em&gt;los doctorandos&lt;/em&gt;).  Hay &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt; pocos gerundios que han surgido como adjetivos.  De hecho, solo son tres: &lt;em&gt;ardiendo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;colgando&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, considerando lo de arriba, ¿qué sabemos?  &lt;em&gt;Agua&lt;/em&gt; es voz femenina siempre, aunque tenga un artículo que hace que parezca masculina.  &lt;em&gt;Hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; es adjetivo invariable, y no importa que el sustantivo sea masculino o femenino, o singular o plural, siempre tendrá la misma forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final, acabamos con que &lt;em&gt;el agua hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; sea una locución femenina: &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; es femenina por naturaleza, &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(de &lt;em&gt;illa&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt; también lo es, e &lt;em&gt;hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; se trata como femenina aunque no demuestre su feminidad de forma evidente.  Si la pusiésemos en plural, tendríamos &lt;em&gt;las aguas hirviendo&lt;/em&gt;, con lo cual creo que lo antedicho salga más obvio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T15:13:26.917" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T15:13:26.917" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25861" CreationDate="2018-04-17T09:26:31.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión completa aparece en el DLE con el significado que indicas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7pG16he#8umQFfG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer caso omiso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Prescindir de algo o no tenerlo en cuenta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien indica blonfu, este uso procede del &lt;strong&gt;participio pasado irregular&lt;/strong&gt; del verbo &lt;strong&gt;omitir&lt;/strong&gt;, que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R2ohfhq&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;omitir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;omittĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Abstenerse de hacer algo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Pasar en silencio algo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la edición de 1992 del DLE todavía recogía esta forma irregular del participio a modo testimonial, &lt;strong&gt;hace varias décadas que nadie la usa como tal participio&lt;/strong&gt;: nadie dice &lt;em&gt;«el nombre del testigo ha sido *omiso del informe»&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;«las estadísticas de tropas desplazadas están *omisas por seguridad»&lt;/em&gt;, siendo lo correcto usar &quot;omitido&quot;, &quot;omitidas&quot; respectivamente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A día de hoy, el único uso de &quot;omiso&quot; en el sentido de &quot;omitir&quot; es el de la locución &quot;hacer caso omiso&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Esto se puede comprobar &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=0&amp;amp;texto=omiso&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;consultando &quot;omiso&quot; en el CREA&lt;/a&gt;, donde se ve que este es el único uso desde al menos 1975 (salvando un uso como sustantivo en un texto jurídico de México que habla de delitos de omisión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso el DLE ya no recoge &quot;omiso&quot; por separado con el significado que tiene dentro de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T09:26:31.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="44" CreationDate="2018-04-17T13:20:01.107" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;The rule&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a feminine noun begins with a stressed &lt;code&gt;/a/&lt;/code&gt; sound, some* singular articles/determiners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la, una, alguna, ninguna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;take a masculine form if they occur directly before the noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el, un, algún, ningún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nominally this affects &lt;strong&gt;all words with stressed initial &lt;code&gt;/a/&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Prefix&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;a-&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asia, acta, agua, ala, alga, alma, alza, ama, ancla, anda, ansa, ansia, ara, arca, arda, aria, arma, arpa, arria, asa, ascua, asna, aspa, asta, aula, aura, aya, ave, arte (m/f)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;á-&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;África, ácana, áfaca, ágata, ágora, águila, álaga, álala, álgebra, álica, álula, ámpula, áncora, ánfora, ánima, árdea, área, árgana, árgoma, árnica, árula, áspera, ática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;ha-&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;haba, habla, haca, hacha, hada, halda, hampa, harca, harda, harma, harpa, harria, haya, haza, hambre, haz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&amp;quot;há-&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;hálara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the following exceptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Exceptions&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Letters&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la a, la hache, la alfa, el/la álef&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Acronyms&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la ASA, la APA&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Proper names&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la Ana, la Ángela, la Austria, la Ávila, la Ámsterdam, la Haya&lt;/em&gt; etc &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continents:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;el Asia, el África&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Nominalized adjectives&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la alta, la árida&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;(Some) fem. nouns &lt;br&gt;with fem. subjects&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la árbitra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Common gender nouns &lt;br&gt;with fem. subjects&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;la árabe, la ácrata, la alto&lt;/em&gt; (singer)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;In practice: a bit more complicated&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/44/why-is-agua-masculine-in-singular-form-and-feminine-in-plural-el-agua-la?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1#comment23397_17302&quot;&gt;the comments&lt;/a&gt; on cdlvcdlv's answer show, among native speakers there is a tendency (despite the RAE's prescriptions) to treat words like &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; as 'hermaphroditic' - postnomial modifiers are consistently treated as feminine, but prenomial modifiers show considerable fluctuation in gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This treatment of &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;-like words isn't limited to casual speech, but is also found in educated speakers and formal/academic writing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Con qué derecho se la toma por &lt;strong&gt;aquel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;asa&lt;/strong&gt; y no por &lt;strong&gt;ésta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;f&lt;/sup&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortega y Gasset&lt;/em&gt;, 1983&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... los desperfectos que &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; abundante &lt;strong&gt;agua caída&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;f&lt;/sup&gt; provocó en las vías...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vuelve&lt;/em&gt;, 2007&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;nuestro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;habla riojana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;f&lt;/sup&gt; actual...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Martínez Sáenz de Jubera y González Perujo&lt;/em&gt;, 1998&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing to note is that variation in gender agreement with nouns of this class generally affects determiners and adjectives preceding, but usually not following, the noun. For example, a search of 20th century texts in &lt;em&gt;Corpus del&#xA;español&lt;/em&gt; (Davies n.d.) returns examples such as &lt;em&gt;mismo agua&lt;/em&gt; 'same water', &lt;em&gt;propio agua&lt;/em&gt; 'own water', &lt;em&gt;mucho agua&lt;/em&gt; 'a lot of water', but no examples where a postposed adjective with &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; is masculine. Counting both 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century examples there are three tokens of &lt;em&gt;buen alma&lt;/em&gt; ‘good soul’ in the corpus versus two of &lt;em&gt;buena alma&lt;/em&gt;, whereas no tokens are found of &lt;em&gt;alma bueno&lt;/em&gt; in comparison to 17 for &lt;em&gt;alma buena&lt;/em&gt;. That is, for some speakers some of these nouns variably condition one type of gender agreement with prenominal modifiers and the other type with postnominal modifiers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/deddingt/el_abundante_agua.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El abundante agua fría: Hermaphroditic Spanish Nouns&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2008)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hypothesized reasoning for native speakers internalizing this hermaphroditic treatment of &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;-like words is the learning of tokens such as &lt;em&gt;el agua&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;agua fría&lt;/em&gt; (recognising &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; as a masculine article and not an allomorph of &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;) and analogy to other such words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-24T17:00:47.380" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T17:00:47.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25857" CreationDate="2018-04-17T14:25:51.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideas clave:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;femenino&lt;/strong&gt; por definición y los adjetivos que la acompañan deben concordar en género (deben ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=agua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;femeninos&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como indica guifa, cuando lleva artículo, usa &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=agua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;, como muchos otros sustantivos femeninos comenzados en &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, por razones histórico-fonéticas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como varios notaron, &lt;strong&gt;hirviendo&lt;/strong&gt;, es una forma verbal impersonal (concretamente, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J9jq94P%7CJ9k4n78&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gerundio&lt;/a&gt;), y por lo tanto no varía con el género.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aunque en castellano el gerundio ordinariamente es un adverbio y debiera modificar a otro verbo (&quot;verbo principal&quot;), en este caso estamos frente a un gerundio especificativo, que según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Gerundio#Gerundio_del_nombre_o_gerundio_especificativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este sitio&lt;/a&gt;, sería un galicismo y constituye una excepción aceptada por la RAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finalmente, es relativamente &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.cl/search?q=%22el%20agua%20hervido%22&amp;amp;ie=utf-8&amp;amp;oe=utf-8&amp;amp;client=firefox-b&amp;amp;gfe_rd=cr&amp;amp;dcr=0&amp;amp;ei=pwfWWseeBsf8wgT6zL_oDA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;común encontrar errores&lt;/a&gt; o concesiones a la regla de que &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; es de género femenino, pues el uso del artículo &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; sin duda se presta para confusión. Por ejemplo, más abajo pongo una cita de un &lt;a href=&quot;http://idejaime.com/patagonia-argentina-i-peninsula-valdes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; escrito por un madrileño en que habla de *&lt;em&gt;el frío agua&lt;/em&gt;. Creo recordar que una concesión de este tipo era comúnmente aceptada en Argentina a fines del s. XX, pero no logro dar con una fuente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En consecuencia, y en respuesta a tu pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;agua hirviendo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;NO es un error&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hirviendo&lt;/em&gt; no es necesariamente masculino&lt;/strong&gt;, y &lt;strong&gt;el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt; es siempre femenino&lt;/strong&gt; aunque vaya acompañado del artículo &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; (e incluso de vez en cuando leas a hablantes nativos acompáñandolo de adjetivos masculinos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extracto del blog mencionado más arriba. Como se desprende del DPD, lo correcto sería &lt;em&gt;el agua fría&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la fría agua&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;las frías aguas&lt;/em&gt; (en un contexto de marina):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qih0E.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qih0E.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2018-04-17T15:03:35.693" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T15:03:35.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17861" CreationDate="2018-04-18T03:37:53.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's look at one of the sentences you've asked about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo ganados nueve premios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we adjust the word order a bit, we get&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo nueve premios ganados. | &lt;em&gt;So far, I have nine prizes under my belt.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This new word order shows the required noun-adjective agreement more clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another example.  Suppose I am a seamstress or tailor, and I've accepted an order of five dresses for a certain customer.  I might report my progress so far like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo tres vestidos cortados. | &lt;em&gt;So far, I have three dresses all cut out.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can vary the word order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo cortados tres vestidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to vary the word order in this way is a fun thing about Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, perhaps &quot;Esa tienda lleva cerrada desde 1990&quot; is used informally (although I have not heard something like this myself), but strictly speaking the following would be more grammatically correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tienda lleva 20 años de estar cerrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa tienda está cerrada desde 1990.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T03:37:53.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25873" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-18T04:40:27.760" Score="9" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo se traduce “talk past each other” al español?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been trying, in vain, to find a good way of translating into Spanish the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;talk past one another&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://villages-news.com/the-politics-of-division/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Ever feel conservatives and liberals talk past each other and don't really communicate?”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2017/10/08/for-human-connections-that-matter-focus-on-things-that-are-excellent-and-worthy-praise.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“We just quit listening or we talk past each other.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.desertsun.com/story/opinion/contributors/valley-voice/2018/02/22/flux-and-discomfort-we-must-not-fear-hard-questions/365586002/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“We talk past each other instead of to each other.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pennlive.com/opinion/2017/09/beyond_surviving_trump_--_can.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Instead, happily ensconced in our own confirmation-bias bubbles, we merely talk past each other.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought it was a relatively new phrase sparked by the phenomenon created when someone posts comment after comment without listening and/or responding to those commenting in response or doing so in delayed fashion.  (If you've ever even just texted with someone who thinks and texts faster than you do, you know what I'm talking about.)  Well, it turns out that the phrase isn't so new after all and that &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talking_past_each_other&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;there's even a Wikipedia page on it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Trouble is, it hasn't been translated into Spanish and I've had a difficult time trying to figure out what would be some good translations of it, since it appears that even those who are familiar with the phrase in English may have different notions of what it is.  I have thought about translating it simply as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;hablando pasado uno al otro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I sense this does not have the same meaning in Spanish and, furthermore, I don’t know that it makes much sense at all.  During the course of any given day, I may come across several combinations of words that don’t have an exact equivalent in Spanish or vice versa, but usually an easy alternative comes to mind or it just isn’t a phrase I see myself using very often.  But this is a phrase that is likely to come up again, and is one that describes a type of behavior that I’m fairly certain is rather universal, so I have more of a vested interest in finding a good translation of it and couldn’t think of a better place to find it than here at Spanish StackExchange.  So, what do you think?  Any suggestions for this phrase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He estado tratando de encontrar, en vano, una buena manera de traducir al español la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;talk past one another&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé que era una frase relativamente nueva provocada por el fenómeno creó cuando alguien publica comentario tras comentario sin escuchar y/o responder a los que están comentando en respuesta o hacerlo de manera retardada.  (Si alguna vez sólo has intercambiado mensajes con alguien por textos y la otra persona piensa y escriba más rápido que tú, sabes de que estoy hablando.)  Bueno, ha resultado que la frase no es tan nueva después de todo y que &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talking_past_each_other&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;incluso hay una página de Wikipedia en este tema.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  El problema es, la página no ha sido traducida al español y me ha costado tratando de averiguar qué serían algunas buenas traducciones de ella desde que parece que incluso aquellos que están familiarizados con la frase en inglés podrían tener diferentes nociones de lo que es.  He pensado en traducirlo simplemente como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;hablando pasado uno al otro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero siento que ésta no tiene el mismo significado en español y, además, no sé que tiene sentido en absoluto.  Durante el curso de cualquier día, puedo encontrarme varias combinaciones de palabras por las que no tenga un equivalente exacto en español o viceversa, pero normalmente una alternativa fácil viene a la mente o simplemente no es una frase que pueda verme usándolo muy a menudo.  Pero ésta es una frase que pueda volvió a aparecer, y es una que describe un tipo de comportamiento que estoy casi segura de que es bastante universal, así que tengo más de un interés personal en encontrar una buena traducción de ella y no podía pensar en un sitio mejor que aquí en Spanish StackExchange.  Entonces, ¿qué piensas?  ¿Algunas sugerencias para esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-07T00:57:39.437" Title="How is “talk past each other” translated into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25873" CreationDate="2018-04-18T06:54:54.763" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero pensé en «diálogo de besugos» pero es más bien una conversación sin pies ni cabeza donde cada uno habla de cosas distintas y no termina de encajar con el significado de la expresión en inglés pero hay otra expresión con un significado bastante similar que podemos encontrar en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DetWqMJ#DBrEswk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diálogo de sordos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Conversación en la que los interlocutores no se prestan atención.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases de los ejemplos podrían quedar más o menos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Nunca has sentido que los conservadores y los liberales mantienen un diálogo de sordos y realmente no se comunican?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Simplemente nos dejamos de escuchar, fue un diálogo de sordos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fue un diálogo de sordos en lugar de un diálogo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En vez de eso, como cada uno estaba encerrado en su burbuja de&#xA;auto-convencimiento, acabamos teniendo un diálogo de sordos. (Esta traducción es de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25873/how-is-talk-past-each-other-translated-into-spanish#comment42520_25873&quot;&gt;@Charlie&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T18:46:57.160" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17861" CreationDate="2018-04-18T11:05:00.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a past participle is used as part of a 'phrasal verb' (&lt;em&gt;perífrasis verbal [de participio]&lt;/em&gt;) in Spanish, the participle needs to agree in gender and number with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema_y_rema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'topic'&lt;/a&gt; of the verb. In general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the verb is transitive, the participle agrees with the object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the verb is intransitive, the participle agrees with the subject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A semi-complete list of verbs that require a past participle to act like an adjective are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener, llevar, dejar, traer, acabar, dar, dar por&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;verse, sentirse, encontrarse, hallarse, quedarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quedar, resultar, salir, venir, ir, andar, seguir, estar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concordance with Object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tengo&lt;/strong&gt; hecho̲s̲ todos los deberes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Llevo&lt;/strong&gt; hecha̲ gran parte de las fotocopias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Los niños &lt;strong&gt;dejaron&lt;/strong&gt; abierta̲ la nevera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Traigo&lt;/strong&gt; limpia̲s̲ las sábanas y las mantas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Los alumnos han &lt;strong&gt;dado por&lt;/strong&gt; terminada̲ la clase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concordance with Subject&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sus palabras &lt;strong&gt;quedaron&lt;/strong&gt; grabada̲s̲ en mi mente. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Siempre &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; vestida̲ a la última moda.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andan&lt;/strong&gt; muy preocupado̲s̲ por sus hijos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sus amigos &lt;strong&gt;siguen&lt;/strong&gt; enfadado̲s̲ con Ana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ya &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; preparada̲ la cena. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_per%C3%ADfrasis_verbales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_perífrasis_verbales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ub.edu/diccionarilinguistica/content/per%C3%ADfrasis-verbal#per%20part&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ub.edu/diccionarilinguistica/content/perífrasis-verbal#per part&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.materialesdelengua.org/LENGUA/morfologia/perifrasis/perifrasisverbales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.materialesdelengua.org/LENGUA/morfologia/perifrasis/perifrasisverbales.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon%20der%20spanischen%20Verbalperiphrasen/Eingangsseite/Lexikon%20der%20Verbalperiphrasen%20-%20Index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Lexikon der spanischen Verbalperiphrasen/Eingangsseite/Lexikon der Verbalperiphrasen - Index.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://profedelengua.es/Las_perifrasis_verbales_segun_la_RAE.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://profedelengua.es/Las_perifrasis_verbales_segun_la_RAE.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (2009) p. 2214&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Though multiple grammars describe all of the above examples as instances of &lt;em&gt;perífrasis de participio&lt;/em&gt;, the RAE only includes &lt;em&gt;estar, tener&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;, classifying the others under &lt;em&gt;estructuras atributivas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T15:36:09.547" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T15:36:09.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4559" CreationDate="2018-04-18T11:39:48.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is worthy to note that &lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt; is one of those verbs that in some cases have been emptied and acquire the meaning of the following word (see a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21625/12637&quot;&gt;related question&lt;/a&gt;). So you have &lt;em&gt;echar suertes = sortear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;echar un sueño = dormir&lt;/em&gt; (as noted by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJtx4Yo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;25th meaning of the word&lt;/a&gt;). This is not such a case, as &lt;em&gt;menos&lt;/em&gt; is not a noun and has little meaning by itself. But the fact that &lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt; has such a capacity to be paired with other words to form compounds made easier to use &lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;hallar&lt;/em&gt; when the original Portuguese expression &lt;em&gt;achar menos&lt;/em&gt; was adapted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I would like to add that the first RAE's dictionary from 1732 registered that expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ECHAR MENOS. Es mostrar sentimiento y pena por la falta que ocasiona la pérdida de alguna cosa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ECHAR MENOS. Significa tambien reparar y notar la falta de alguna cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also included the fact that the verb &lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt; was already emptied of its meaning under certain conditions (followed by some given nouns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before that, in a dictionary from 1607 the expression &quot;echar menos&quot; is translated to French as &quot;avoir faulte&quot;. Another dictionary from 1609 translates it to Italian as &quot;habere bisogno&quot;. And another one from 1706 to English as &quot;to miss a thing&quot;. It's a pity I can't find a Spanish-Portuguese dictionary from that age that include the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also find some previous texts that already used the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Señor, en mi tierra fue un mercader que tenía un hijo muy querido de la primera muger. Al qual la madrastra con grande embidia, para buscalle mal y daño, hurtó un vaso de plata de la vaxílla que él tenía encargo de guardar, y fue y púsolo en la cabeçera de la cama del moço, donde él solo dormía. Y después de algunos días pasados, &lt;strong&gt;este moço echó de menos su vaso de plata&lt;/strong&gt;, y andándolo buscando a un cabo y a otro [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego de Cañizares, &quot;Novela&quot;, c1450 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is interesting to note that in this case it used the &quot;de&quot; preposition, although it was not the main form of the expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y el Gonçalo Chacón tornáse a la gente que en la posada estaba &lt;strong&gt;a fin que no echasen menos al Maestre&lt;/strong&gt;. E començólos de animar e de esforçar lo mejor que pudo con buenas e animosas palabras [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Crónica de Don Álvaro de Luna&quot;, c1453 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the use of the expression is already registered in the XV century, as you see, and it has no literal meaning as it uses an &lt;em&gt;empty&lt;/em&gt; verb. But let's suppose that the expression was adapted as &quot;hallar menos&quot;. The meaning of &quot;hallar&quot; is defined in RAE's first dictionary as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HALLAR. Encontrar alguna cosa, ò porque se busca y solicita, ò porque la casualidad la ofrece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so it has a meaning close to &quot;find&quot; or maybe &quot;come across&quot;. If you come across someone less times than you want (you &quot;find it less&quot; or &quot;lo hallas menos&quot;) you start wanting to see him more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T11:48:17.860" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T11:48:17.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2960" CreationDate="2018-04-18T12:56:22.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los verbos &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; provienen de los verbos latinos &lt;em&gt;capere&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sapere&lt;/em&gt; (ambos acentuados en la primera sílaba). La evolución fonética regular explica el cambio /p/ &gt; /b/ entre vocales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra evolución que se dio en algunas ramas del romance fue el desplazamiento de la acentuación de los infinitivos de este tipo, que pasó de la raíz a la desinencia (esto ocurrió en castellano y portugués pero no en francés e italiano, de ahí que digamos &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;strong&gt;vir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vi&lt;strong&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; con acento en la última sílaba, pero &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt;vre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vi&lt;/strong&gt;vere&lt;/em&gt; con acento en la primera). De no haber ocurrido esto los infinitivos serían &lt;em&gt;*sáber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;*cáber&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por qué un verbo es irregular y otro no es una pregunta imposible de responder. &lt;em&gt;Caber&lt;/em&gt; no es un verbo poco común y tal como se señala, los verbos muy usados, si son irregulares, tienden a continuar siéndolo, porque los hablantes los asimilan desde muy pequeños con todas sus formas anómalas. En este caso también puede haber sido muy importante la analogía. Las conjugaciones verbales irregulares se &quot;ayudan&quot; unas a otras cuando son compartidas por varios verbos, y en castellano tenemos &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt; siguiendo un modelo muy similar (en &lt;em&gt;habére&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; había /b/ para empezar, que más tarde pasó a ser /v/, pero en castellano /v/ dio /b/  de nuevo de manera que para los fines prácticos dio lo mismo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más detalles en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18751/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-origen-de-las-conjugaciones-con-cu-y-su-de-los-verbos-caber&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T12:56:22.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25873" CreationDate="2018-04-18T14:26:39.260" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por dar una alternativa, acabo de encontrar en el diccionario la siguiente expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JvzNhyI#9KaDLd4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;es hablar por demás&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;expr. Denota que es inútil lo que alguien dice, por no hacer fuerza ni impresión a la persona a quien habla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa cuando una persona por mucho que hable (y por más razón que tenga) es incapaz por el motivo que sea de impresionar a aquel que le escucha. En este caso, tus ejemplos podrían quedar así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿No crees que los conservadores y los liberales lo único que hacen es hablar por demás, sin comunicarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;O paramos a escuchar o simplemente hablamos por demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos dedicamos a hablar por demás en vez de con los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En vez de eso, como cada uno se escondía feliz en su burbuja de auto-convencimiento, aquello fue simplemente hablar por demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, reconozco que algunos ejemplos quedan un poco forzados, y tampoco es que haya encontrado muchos ejemplos de la expresión (en el CORDE solo hay uno y tampoco me convenció mucho). Posiblemente no se entienda apenas si la usas, puede que dependa de la región, pero existir existe así que la incluyo como respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T15:18:58.063" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T15:18:58.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25886" CreationDate="2018-04-18T16:51:14.410" Score="1" ViewCount="1974" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Puesta de sol&quot; or &quot;puesta del sol&quot;, which is more correct to use for &quot;sunset&quot;? I would think &quot;del sol&quot;, since sol is masculine, but I have heard and seen both used frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19256" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T19:26:16.940" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T03:18:45.987" Title="Puesta del sol or puesta de sol, which is more correct?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12105" CreationDate="2018-04-18T17:37:28.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your examples are known as 'common gender' nouns (&lt;em&gt;sustantivos de género común&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few other classes of noun in Spanish that can 'take either gender':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beings&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Persons&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Common&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;común&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; el/la artista&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(grammatical gender changes for sex of referent)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Epicene&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;epiceno&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; el miembro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(grammatical gender unchanged for sex of referent)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Animals&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Epicene&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;epiceno&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; el camello [macho/hembra]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(grammatical gender unchanged)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vacillant&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ambiguo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; el/la mar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(grammatical gender is dialect, poetic usage etc dependent)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Homonyms&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;homónimos&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; el cura | la cura&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(different words, different meanings, same spelling)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T00:12:46.197" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T00:12:46.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25884" CreationDate="2018-04-18T18:09:42.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By principle &quot;del&quot; should be the correct pronunciation, but in Spanish as matter of respect, when talking about specific or unique beings/things, we won't use &quot;del&quot; or &quot;de la&quot;, we would just use &quot;de&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De Dios&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De luna&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De sol&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &quot;Person Name&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is like this ?&#xA;Because &quot;del&quot; is the contraction of &quot;de&quot; and &quot;el&quot;, and is used to specify something, but if something is unique, then there's no need to specify it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For my personal use I would use either one depending on the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if i'm talking about the sun &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;you can play until the sun sets&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pueden jugar hasta la puesta del sol &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if i'm talking about the whole sunset in specific &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;this sunset was beautiful&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  esta puesta de sol fue hermosa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T18:22:56.187" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T18:22:56.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25889" CreationDate="2018-04-18T21:12:43.000" Score="3" ViewCount="769" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the differences in usage between &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;conocimientos&lt;/em&gt;? I have kind of a slippery understanding of the distinction, but every time I think I can nail it down, I'm not sure I've got it. And I sense that there's some overlap. But are there usages where one is clearly right and the other wouldn't work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My best guess is that the singular is more like knowledge in the abstract, whereas the plural is knowledge of (or skill with) a specific thing. Am I on the right track?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18857" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:20:06.970" Title="Conocimientos vs. conocimiento" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25887" CreationDate="2018-04-18T21:47:33.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The confusion might be because the Plural for knowledge is knowledge as well. this doesn't mean you cannot pluralize the knowledge &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't happen in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;i have different types of knowledge&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tengo diferentes tipos de conocimientos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using knowledge in plural in Spanish should be used in this same context, to indicate that you are using it in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;different areas or different topics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a rule, there are other nouns in Spanish that are not pluralized like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Musica&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Justicia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Literatura &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or an already discussed topic in the site : &quot;Gente&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/24353/when-to-use-gentes&quot;&gt;When to use &amp;#39;gentes&amp;#39;?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T21:47:33.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25887" CreationDate="2018-04-18T22:36:44.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are on the right track; the singular &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; is more general and abstract (knowledge, awareness), while the plural &lt;em&gt;conocimientos&lt;/em&gt; refers more to knowledge about a particular topic (skill).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very good idea when faced with words with subtle shades of difference in translation is to look for translations in context, in real texts rather than a dictionary; I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://Linguee.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguee.com&lt;/a&gt; a lot for that. For &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=conocimiento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conocimiento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, you  find as primary translations &quot;knowledge&quot;, &quot;understanding&quot; and &quot;acquaintance&quot;, and then in the translated real-world sentences, &quot;awareness&quot;. Then of course there's also the related meaning &quot;consciousness&quot; (as in &lt;em&gt;recuperar el conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to regain consciousness, to come to&quot;), but that's another thing. There are some fixed phrases where you can only use the singular form, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomar conocimiento de&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to become acquainted with, to become aware of, to inform oneself about&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;poner en conocimiento de&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to make (someone) aware of&quot;, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ser de público conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to be public knowledge&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The plural &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=conocimientos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conocimientos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is translated more as &quot;expertise&quot; and &quot;skills&quot;, &quot;know-how&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; is sometimes associated with passive awareness rather than knowledge gained by active learning, but that's only common practice, not a requirement; it's OK to use &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; to refer to actively accumulated knowledge. There are many instances in which you can use the singular and the plural interchangeably, but the plural is more specific &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; tends to be specified as belonging to a certain area, as well. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo conocimientos de carpintería.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I have carpentry skills.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo un conocimiento básico de la carpintería.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I have a basic knowledge of carpentry.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene un profundo conocimiento de la historia del lugar.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;He has a profound knowledge of the history of the place.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tiene muchos conocimientos sobre agricultura.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;He knows a lot about agriculture.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say that &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; (singular) is closer to the meaning of &quot;lore&quot;, while &lt;em&gt;conocimientos&lt;/em&gt; (plural) is closer to the meaning of &quot;skill&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are issues of collocation, i.e. how you pair up the words. Back to my examples, you &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Tengo conocimiento de carpintería.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Tiene profundos conocimientos de la historia del lugar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have &lt;em&gt;conocimiento&lt;/em&gt; of general topics (i.e., you know about them) or of situations (i.e., you are aware of or informed about them). You have &lt;em&gt;conocimientos&lt;/em&gt; of particular disciplines (i.e., you have skills). Again, sometimes these overlap. You'll surely get it as you're faced with more real-life examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T14:20:06.970" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:20:06.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2261" CreationDate="2018-04-19T00:25:26.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por ahí de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a llegar por ahí de las 11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T00:25:26.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24146" CreationDate="2018-04-19T03:23:05.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=4&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=25&amp;amp;ordenar1=1&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=200418%5C005%5CC001O20042018052403351.1204.1200&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20circo%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D1775-1820%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA: Banco de datos (CORDE) [en línea]. Corpus diacrónico del español&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es&lt;/a&gt; [18/IV/2018] encontré que c. 1818 (fecha que confirma &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Lizardi#Obras&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;em&gt;La educación de las mugeres o La Quijotita y su prima&lt;/em&gt; (sic) &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=WjUqAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PP250&amp;amp;lpg=PP250&amp;amp;dq=%22hacer%20maromas%20en%20el%20circo%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=Yn6GUewZZs&amp;amp;sig=EKBlI9jTtw7KvWlKLE1zWLXuFhQ&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjNrIfOrMXaAhXLk1kKHYoHBBIQ6AEINjAG#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22hacer%20maromas%20en%20el%20circo%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Y desde ahora prometo que voy a empeñarme con papá para que Laislón me instruya en el arte de la equitación, por si algún día me viere en necesidad de hacer maromas en el circo (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto ya en esa época se iba al circo a hacer maromas en artes ecuestres, &#xA;y el texto es de un escritor mexicano (José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi) la palabra tendría algunos lustros previos (teniendo en cuenta que hace 2 siglos la comunicación de un lado al otro del océano tardaba un poco más y el tiempo que transcurre para que una palabra se escriba en cuanto se ha popularizado oralmente...) especulando, a fines del siglo XVIII el circo dejaba de ser 'edificación' para ser 'espectáculo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al hacer una revisión extra, Gaspar de Jovellanos lo menciona en sus &lt;a href=&quot;http://bdh.bne.es/bnesearch/CompleteSearch.do;jsessionid=71BB54CD68D2FE74724B5D13EE6C4B80?text=&amp;amp;field1val=%22Jovellanos%2C%20Gaspar%20Melchor%20de%22&amp;amp;showYearItems=&amp;amp;field1Op=AND&amp;amp;numfields=1&amp;amp;exact=on&amp;amp;textH=&amp;amp;advanced=true&amp;amp;field1=autor&amp;amp;completeText=&amp;amp;pageSize=1&amp;amp;pageSizeAbrv=30&amp;amp;pageNumber=16&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Memorias sobre la diversión pública&lt;/a&gt; (1790) veamos como interpreta al circo en su libro (2 veces mencionado): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No merece por cierto tan amarga censura otra diversión coetánea de los juegos del circo y de la liza, y harto más racional que entrambas, esto es, los convites, saraos y fiestas palaciegas(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)De el primer pueblo de la antigüedad,  del que le diera leyes al mundo, decía Juvenal que se contentaba en su tiempo con pan y juegos del circo. El nuestro pide menos(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El segundo es el claro ejemplo del circo romano. El primero ya da a entender que es un circo con el que se entretienen en su época. ¿Qué hacían en ese circo? no queda muy claro. Cabe aclarar que ese párrafo inicia un capítulo que sigue a una censura al toreo y a las justas, pero no he leído todo el libro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T04:00:24.820" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T04:00:24.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21225" CreationDate="2018-04-19T08:16:55.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por mi experiencia, las expresiones de cuño reciente son difíciles de rastrear cuando se trata de buscar su origen. Simplemente se pueden hacer especulaciones y tratar de ver sus primeros usos en textos escritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;quedarse sopa&lt;/em&gt;, este es el primer caso que aparece en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Joder, Ofelia, tía!, ¿no podrías gritar más bajo? Me estaba quedando sopa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ORAL. &lt;em&gt;¿Pero esto qué es?&lt;/em&gt;, 05/03/90, TVE 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto indica que la expresión debe tener su origen hacia finales de la década de 1980, si en marzo de 1990 ya estaba asentada en el habla (la primera expresión escrita en el CREA es de 1994). De la misma década de 1980 (o puede que un poco anterior) es también la creación de la acepción del verbo &lt;em&gt;sobar&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Aún estás dormido —comentó Nano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antonio levantó la mano, con gesto impotente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Me he quedado frito en la piltra —dijo—. Pasad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cerró la puerta y les condujo al salón.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sentaos por ahí. Voy por las zapatillas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Puedes tú solo o necesitas ayuda? —le preguntó Blanca, riendo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antonio se volvió hacia el grupo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Vaya colocón, esta tarde —dijo—. Ciegos nos hemos puesto los dos. Eso te hace volar, te pone en órbita a la tercera calada. ¡Menudo ciego! Si no llamáis vosotros, aún estamos sobando.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Luis Tomás García, &quot;La otra orilla de la droga&quot;, 1984 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He incluido las frases previas para dar contexto al texto y que quede claro que se refiere al uso de &lt;em&gt;sobar&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;dormir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La creacion de esta acepción de &lt;em&gt;sobar&lt;/em&gt; (que no entró en el DLE hasta 2001) introdujo la posibilidad de expresiones como &quot;quedarse sobado&quot;. Por otro lado, tenemos la palabra &quot;sopor&quot;, que significa &quot;adormecimiento, somnolencia&quot;, con una raíz similar: &lt;em&gt;sop-&lt;/em&gt; contra &lt;em&gt;sob-&lt;/em&gt;. A partir de aquí ya es pura especulación, pero es posible que ambas palabras &lt;em&gt;sobar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sopor&lt;/em&gt; se fusionaran en la expresión &lt;em&gt;quedarse sopa&lt;/em&gt;. Así, tendríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Estoy entrando en un estado de sopor &#xA;me estoy quedando sobado             +&#xA;--------------------------------------&#xA;Me estoy quedando sopado/sopa.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio podría pensarse en la expresión &quot;quedarse sopado&quot;, pero el verbo &lt;em&gt;sopar&lt;/em&gt; ya existía como &quot;hacer sopa&quot; o &quot;quedarse hecho una sopa&quot;, y por tanto &quot;quedarse sopado&quot; tendría otro significado diferente, y la expresión se creó contraída: &lt;em&gt;quedarse sopa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T08:16:55.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25823" CreationDate="2018-04-19T08:28:40.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al justo el egoísta y el tirano molestarán. Bendito es quien por caridad guía al débil en la oscuridad, cuida a sus hermanos y encuentra a los perdidos. A quien los dañe, castigaré con venganza y furia. Y sabrás que mi nombre es el Señor cuando caiga sobre tí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;230&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al justo el egoísta y el tirano molestarán. Bendito es quien por caridad guía al débil en la oscuridad porque es quien cuida a sus hermanos y encuentra a los perdidos. A quien ataque a mis hermanos, castigaré con venganza y furia. Y sabrás que mi nombre es el Señor cuando me vengue de tí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;355&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El camino del justo está marcado por las injusticias de los egoístas y la tiranía de los malvados. Bendito es quien en nombre de la caridad y del bien guía al débil por el valle de las sombras porque es el verdadero cuidador de sus hermanos y quien encuentra a niños perdidos. Y castigaré con gran venganza y furia a quienes intenten envenenar y destruir a mis hermanos. Y sabrás que mi nombre es el Señor, cuando lance mi venganza sobre ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T11:49:12.540" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-19T08:28:40.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25903" CreationDate="2018-04-19T09:06:32.070" Score="6" ViewCount="663" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Liechtenstein&lt;/em&gt; es un topónimo que me llama la atención. Al contrario que en otros nombres de país como Francia, Alemania, Inglaterra, que están adaptados, en este caso su versión española es idéntica a la original (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fürstentum Liechtenstein&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, Principado de Liechtenstein).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada la complejidad de la palabra y mi profundo desconocimiento del alemán, yo siempre la había pronunciado algo así como &lt;code&gt;/liechenstein/&lt;/code&gt; cuando la veía escrita... hasta que vi la película &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0183790/?ref_=nv_sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Destino de caballero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y me di cuenta de que el título ficticio del prota era &quot;sir Ulrich von Liechtenstein&quot;, que precisamente hace mención a este país, y lo pronuncian como &lt;code&gt;/lijtenstain/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, dado que el nombre del país en español coincide con el original alemán, pues pensaba que lo mejor era precisamente pronunciarlo como oí en la película, y así lo vengo haciendo... hasta que me doy cuenta de que el gentilicio del país está en el DLE escrito en letras redondas, como palabra ya adaptada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NHVpY7E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;liechtensteiniano, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Natural de Liechtenstein, país de Europa. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso quiere decir que entonces el nombre del país debe pronunciarse en español como &lt;code&gt;/liechtenstein/&lt;/code&gt;? ¿Igual que su gentilicio se pronuncia &lt;code&gt;/liechtensteiniano/&lt;/code&gt; y no &lt;code&gt;/lijtenstainiano/&lt;/code&gt;? ¿Existen otras palabras en español que tengan una sílaba acaba en &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T09:46:05.110" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T09:46:05.110" Title="¿Cómo se debe pronunciar en español el topónimo &quot;Liechtenstein&quot; y su gentilicio &quot;liechtensteiniano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;gentilicio&gt;&lt;topónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2018-04-19T09:37:11.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que viene del francés. &quot;Panne&quot; quiere decir fallo y se dice comúnmente que algo está &quot;en panne&quot; cuando está dañado o no funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El castellano habría incorporado esto y pasado de &quot;en panne&quot; a &quot;empanado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19261" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-19T10:39:40.723" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T10:39:40.723" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2018-04-19T10:16:00.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso, ahora que me doy cuenta, de que la palabra &lt;em&gt;empanado&lt;/em&gt; ya se usaba en el siglo XVIII, en la época del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EMPANADO. Se llama el aposento y pieza de la casa, que está por todas partes cercada y rodeada de otras piezas, de calidad que por ninguna parte recibe las priméras luces, ni és batida de los áires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede entonces entender su uso figurado cuando tu cerebro no tiene las suficientes luces y el aire viciado. De hecho existen textos que parecen usar esta palabra de esta forma figurada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tomóle una mano y, aunque se estaban mano sobre mano, no holgaban. Hacíase Eneas la señora con Policarpo, para ser Nerón con su dinero. Acaricióle y, arrimándose a un figón, le mostraron semblante empanado cuando él estaba empenado, porque dejó el papel en la tienda de las valonas. Mas, sin poder resistillo, dijo doña Ur[rac]a:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —A propósito es el tiempo para unas empanadas inglesas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Baptista Remiro de Navarra, &quot;Los peligros de Madrid&quot;, 1646 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no veo más usos figurados de la palabra hasta ya épocas muy recientes (década de 1990). Por lo que considero que su retorno al idioma haya podido venir dada o bien por un rescate de la palabra antigua, o más plausiblemente por influencia del francés &quot;en panne&quot;, como afirma Antonio Avila en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25897/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T10:16:00.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24146" CreationDate="2018-04-19T11:12:28.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el  &lt;em&gt;circus maximus&lt;/em&gt; de los romanos es el orígen del circo actual. &#xA;Los romanos tenian espectáculos con artistas y animales entre otros eventos en el &lt;em&gt;circus&lt;/em&gt;.  La palabra &lt;em&gt;circus&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir círculo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La evolución de &lt;em&gt;circus&lt;/em&gt; a circo es conocida.  La evolución a un espectáculo bajo una carpa es bastante natural.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2018-04-19T12:51:37.077" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T12:51:37.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25901" CreationDate="2018-04-19T12:07:24.090" Score="7" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a specific reason flares/similar pyrotechnics are named after Bengal? The RAE says only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=bengala&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bengala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del port. &lt;em&gt;bengala&lt;/em&gt;, y este del persa &lt;em&gt;bangāle&lt;/em&gt; 'Bengala', provincia del Indostán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=NkAteAU#MVjQP5I&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luz de bengala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; contains no further information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T12:07:24.090" Title="Why are flares known as bengalas in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25900" CreationDate="2018-04-19T12:07:24.090" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.britannica.com/technology/Bengal-light&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Encyclopedia Britannica&lt;/a&gt; says of &lt;em&gt;blue light&lt;/em&gt; (the precursor to modern signalling flares):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The flare in its present form dates from the early part of the 19th century, when the introduction of potassium chlorate permitted the development of chemical mixtures to produce coloured light. Previous to this the only colour had been the bluish white light produced by a mixture of sulfur, saltpetre, and orpiment. These blue lights, as they were called, were and still are often used at sea for signaling and illumination. &lt;strong&gt;They were also known as Bengal lights, probably because Bengal was the chief source of saltpetre.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia also claims &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_light_(pyrotechnic_signal)#Decline&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bengal fire&lt;/a&gt; is an old synonym for Bengal lights/blue light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems likely that the Spanish word has the same origin, as indeed &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bengala&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologias.dechile.net&lt;/a&gt; suggests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;Bengala&lt;/strong&gt; es un topónimo de una provincia en el noreste de la India. Hoy forma parte de India y Bangladesh. Esta provincia fue descubierta por Marco Polo (1254-1324), quien la nombró así por Banga, nombre de un jeque y su tribu que vivía en esa zona. &lt;strong&gt;Aparte de esa gente y los famosos tigres, ahí producían un fuego artificial de color azul, quemando una mezcla de azufre, salitre y orpimento. Este era un fuego muy vivo y los marineros lo empezaron a usar para hacer señales. De ahí el término &quot;luz de bengala&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T12:07:24.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="870" CreationDate="2018-04-19T12:51:44.967" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. As you say, they have different roots:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;*(s)kelH-&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to cut&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;culter&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;knife; razor&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;cultellus&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;small knife; dagger&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spanish&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cuchillo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuchillo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;*kongʰ-&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;shell, mussel&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ancient Greek&lt;/code&gt; κόγχη (&lt;em&gt;kónkhē&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;mussel&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ancient Greek&lt;/code&gt; κοχλίας (&lt;em&gt;kokhlías&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;spiral, snail shell&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;cochlea&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;snail; snail shell&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;cochleāre&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;spoon&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;cuchar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;spoon&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spanish&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=BXVkk8B&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuchara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason their modern forms look more similar than might be otherwise expected from their Latin roots is explained &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Latin /-l/ in the &lt;em&gt;-ŭlt-&lt;/em&gt; sequence developed in the same way as the syllable-final velar consonants considered in 5.1. That is, it semivocalized and then caused the following consonant to palatalize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cŭltĕllum&lt;/em&gt; [koɫˈtεllo] &gt; [kojˈtεllo] &gt; [kuˈtʃjeʎo] &gt; [kuˈtʃiʎo] &lt;em&gt;cuchillo&lt;/em&gt; ‘knife’&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mŭltum&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmoɫto] &gt; [ˈmojto] &gt; [ˈmutʃo] &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; ‘much’&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Linguistics of Spanish: History: Consonants: 5. Semivocalization of syllable-final velars and /-l/: 5.2 Syllable final /-l/&lt;/em&gt;, Ian Mackenzie&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T12:51:44.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25896" CreationDate="2018-04-19T13:30:01.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo tiendo a pronunciar el país palabra como si fuese &lt;em&gt;lijtenstáin&lt;/em&gt; y por consiguiente a su gentilicio como &lt;em&gt;lijtenstainiano&lt;/em&gt;.  No sé por qué nunca se adoptó una forma autóctona en español, pero fácilmente podría ser porque el nombre del país viene del nombre de una familia.  Parece que en los idiomas europeos la mayoría pronuncian el nombre tal como en alemán de acuerdo con su fonética, especialmente dado que casi ningún idioma modifica la ortografía aparte de quizás algún tilde.  Así, por ejemplo, el sonido [ç] nos da [s] en portugués (/liʃtẽnsˈtain(ɨ)/), pero [k] en inglés (/ˈlɪktənstaɪn/) y [x] en ruso (Лихтенште́йн o /lʲixtʲnʂtejn/).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras con &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; al final de una sílaba interna son poquísimas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pechblenda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SEsGpyh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pchs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(eh.... no sé si está al final o qué jaja)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;brechtiano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;liechtensteiniano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=totomochtle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;totomochtle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más hay que terminan en &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;capararoch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crómlech&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crónlech&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gulasch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kirsch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;kitsch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lunch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maquech&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pech&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sándwich&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sketch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;zarévich&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se nota, la pronunciación de estas palabras pueden variar. Pueden pronunciarse tal como una &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; típica como en &lt;em&gt;sandwich&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;zarévich&lt;/em&gt;).   Puede salir como una &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;pechblenda&lt;/em&gt; que admite forma alternativa &lt;em&gt;pecblenda&lt;/em&gt;.  En otros casos, la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; puede salir como la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;mach&lt;/em&gt;), y otros como la &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; rioplatense (como es &lt;em&gt;kircsh&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;gulasch&lt;/em&gt; que también admite la grafía &lt;em&gt;gulash&lt;/em&gt;).  En gran parte eso se debe a la pronunciación que tiene el dígrafo (o trígrafo según la palabra) en el idioma del cual el castellano importó la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-04-19T19:36:14.477" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T19:36:14.477" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8295" CreationDate="2018-04-19T18:35:06.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As guifa says, there are multiple classes of words which have come into Spanish as common gender, for varying reasons. Fortunately, the majority of them are recognisable by their suffixes, and the majority of these come under just three:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Suffix&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Origin&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ista#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;artista, periodista, protagonista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;From Latin &lt;em&gt;-ista&lt;/em&gt;, from Ancient Greek -ιστής (&lt;em&gt;-istḗs&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cliens#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;agente, cliente, paciente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;From Latin &lt;em&gt;-ēns, -entis&lt;/em&gt; (cf. &lt;em&gt;-ante&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participle#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;habitante, representante, estudiante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;From Old Spanish active participle of verb&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; some &lt;em&gt;-ente&lt;/em&gt; words have developed feminine inflected forms e.g. &lt;em&gt;la tenienta, la parienta, la asistenta, la presidenta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Other Greek common gender words&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Suffix&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ócrata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;demócrata, aristócrata, burócrata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ópata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;homeópata, psicópata, ludópata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-asta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;cineasta, entusiasta, gimnasta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-icida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;suicida, homicida, parricida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;pirata, apóstata, acróbata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;israelita, hipócrita, jesuita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-nauta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;nauta, astronauta, aeronauta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-uta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;terapeuta, recluta, hermeneuta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;idiota, patriota, déspota&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-eta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;poeta, atleta, asceta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Most of these have less than 10 examples total in the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The rest&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest have very varied origins, with a few coming under semantic groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Word class&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Examples&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nationalities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;azteca, boricua, belga, árabe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zodiac&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;sagitario, leo, tauro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Misc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;alto, modelo, piloto, testigo, socorro, nacido, contacto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;alienígena, guardia, colega, policía, fantasma, defensa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;líder, mártir, rival, general, oficial, joven, conserje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; again, some of these have developed female inflected forms (in some dialects): &lt;em&gt;la árbitra, la segunda, la soldada, la médica, la rea, la pilota, la jueza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-13T20:05:23.223" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T20:05:23.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2018-04-19T20:13:37.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;English &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; descends from Proto-Indoeuropean &lt;em&gt;*kap-&lt;/em&gt; (alternatively &lt;em&gt;*kh₂p-&lt;/em&gt;, as the PIE &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_theory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;laryngeal&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;*h₂&lt;/em&gt; is usually taken to vocalize as a central vowel), as described. It appears that Latin &lt;em&gt;capere&lt;/em&gt; (&gt; Spanish &lt;em&gt;caber&lt;/em&gt;) ultimately comes from that PIE root too, but do note that the Proto-Italic stem &lt;em&gt;*kap-i-&lt;/em&gt; is marked as &quot;of unknown origin&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish word &lt;em&gt;capaz&lt;/em&gt; &quot;capable&quot; and all its derivatives comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;capere&lt;/em&gt;. A couple of interesting cognates with a clear relationship to the meaning of English &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt;, derived from this same root, are &lt;em&gt;capturar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to capture, to catch, to take&quot;, and the suffix &lt;em&gt;-cipe&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;partícipe&lt;/em&gt; &quot;one who takes part (in sthg.), one who participates&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt;, it is also indeed cognate with the &lt;em&gt;-tain&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;obtain, abstain, sustain&lt;/em&gt; as well as &lt;em&gt;pretend&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;intend&lt;/em&gt; and everything related to &lt;em&gt;tense&lt;/em&gt;, but these are not regular descendents from PIE through Proto-Germanic to English; they are instead all later borrowings into English, usually from French or directly from Latin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that the one English cognate of Spanish &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; that comes directly from PIE (i.e., that is not a French or Latin borrowing) is &lt;em&gt;thin&lt;/em&gt; (Old English &lt;em&gt;þynne&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T20:13:37.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25829" CreationDate="2018-04-19T20:22:50.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish, the most frequently used, colloquial manner that I've heard of asking someone for something in this way would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me regalas un vaso de agua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be translated the same, &quot;can/may I have a glass of water?&quot; Same as using &quot;darías&quot; except that here it is very common to use the present tense, and since Mexicans are crazy polite, instead of directly saying &quot;give&quot; you're basically saying &quot;gift&quot; .. Would you gift me a glass of water? The meaning is identical, just very soft in word choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2420" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T20:22:50.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25912" CreationDate="2018-04-19T20:57:01.677" Score="7" ViewCount="3686" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;«si bien»&lt;/em&gt;, que significa básicamente &quot;aunque&quot;, funciona como una conjunción, pero sus partes no parecen tener relación alguna con su significado. ¿Cuál es su origen, cuál es el razonamiento semántico detrás de la unión de estas dos palabras? Echando una mirada al CORDE parece que existiese desde por lo menos el siglo XVII. ¿Desde cuándo la recoge alguna fuente académica con el significado actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no tiene que ver directamente con la etimología castellana, también me llama la atención que lo que llamo &quot;razonamiento&quot; detrás de la idea se encuentra en al menos otros dos idiomas. En inglés se usa a veces &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; &quot;si&quot; con el significado de &quot;aunque&quot;, y en alemán, increíblemente, existe la conjunción &lt;em&gt;obwohl&lt;/em&gt; &quot;aunque&quot; formada transparentemente por &lt;em&gt;ob&lt;/em&gt; &quot;si&quot; + &lt;em&gt;wohl&lt;/em&gt; &quot;bien&quot; (cognada del inglés &lt;em&gt;well&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: Se acaba de ocurrir también que &lt;em&gt;«si bien»&lt;/em&gt; tiene cierto parecido semántico con otra frase conjuntiva similar: &lt;em&gt;«&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19808/cu%C3%A1l-es-la-diferencia-entre-por-m%C3%A1s-que-y-por-menos-que&quot;&gt;por más que&lt;/a&gt;»&lt;/em&gt; (o también &lt;em&gt;«por mucho que»&lt;/em&gt;), que también significa &quot;aunque&quot;. El &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; introduce una hipótesis o condición y el &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; son adverbios que indican tendencia positiva o abundancia, como &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;. Dejo esto como aporte a quien quiera intentar una respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T15:56:51.850" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T08:28:10.083" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la conjunción «si bien»?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-19T21:04:57.073" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is it spanish the only language that uses two question/exclamation marks? (&quot;?¿&quot; &quot;¡!&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19265" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T21:04:57.073" Title="¿Por qué el español es el único idioma que usa dos signos de interrogación y exclamación?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-04-19T21:22:03.197" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26050" CreationDate="2018-04-20T03:19:53.643" Score="11" ViewCount="2724" Body="&lt;p&gt;He podido ver frases, oraciones como &lt;em&gt;Este es el creyente hereje&lt;/em&gt; (valga la paradoja), o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/leon-gieco/198004/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;canciones&lt;/a&gt; donde se usa una y solo una vocal. Sin embargo no he podido ver ejemplos ni se me ocurren con la letra 'u'. Algo como &lt;em&gt;Tu usas tutú&lt;/em&gt; falla por la 'a' de &quot;usas&quot;, y en general creo que cualquier oración propia fallará por falta de verbos con la letra 'u', pero quisiera que me confirmaran si de veras no existe ejemplo alguno o si, aunque escondida, la letra 'u' tiene su oración propia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T10:34:57.550" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T15:27:39.960" Title="¿Es posible una oración que solo tenga palabras con úes?" Tags="&lt;letras&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25908" CreationDate="2018-04-20T06:56:42.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que veo, el primer registro en un diccionario de la locución adverbial &lt;em&gt;si bien&lt;/em&gt; está en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, de 1739 (tomo S-Z):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SI BIEN. Modo adverbial. Lo mismo que aunque. Usase contraponiendo una cosa à otra, ò para explicar alguna excepcion en la especie de que se habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No indica su posible origen. Buscando textos en el CORDE, efectivamente aparecen algunos de principios del siglo XVII que usan la locución (negritas mías en los ejemplos sucesivos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] porque el poder del duque de Lerma va siempre en aumento, y así por esto como por haberse hablado en el Senado de este caballero, dos y mas veces, pasaré á tratar de los que asisten en la Córte, concluyendo que &lt;strong&gt;si bien&lt;/strong&gt; se entiende que el Rey no ama mucho á don Cristóbal, le desterró mas el miedo del duque de Lerma, que el ódio del Rey, el cual ya que no le favoreciera, por lo menos no le apartara.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Relación que hizo a la República de Venecia Simon Contareni&quot;, 1605 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero podemos irnos más tiempo atrás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando el conde ermitaño supo la gracia que el Rey había concedido a su hijo, fue a su presencia, se arrodilló a sus pies y le besó la mano, &lt;strong&gt;si bien&lt;/strong&gt; el Rey no se la quería dar, y le agradeció infinitamente el donativo que había hecho a su hijo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Traducción de Tirante el Blanco de Joanot Martorell&quot;, 1511 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho más difícil parece ya encontrar ejemplos en el siglo XV, dado que los textos parecen ser todos del tipo &quot;si bien te fijas&quot;, equivalente a &quot;si te fijas bien&quot;, por cómo se escribían los textos en aquella época. En todo caso, la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; comenta al respecto en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bGzzTVKHmlYkXlsY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo 47.16m&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El adverbio &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; [...] es el primer constituyente de la locución &lt;em&gt;bien que&lt;/em&gt; y el segundo de &lt;em&gt;si bien&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque ambas han sido consideradas calcos del francés o del italiano, se ha señalado en los estudios sobre estas construcciones que [...] &lt;em&gt;si bien&lt;/em&gt; se usa desde el siglo XV, antes del período de influencia italianizante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, hacia finales del siglo XV hay algunos casos, como este que aparece en un documento notarial de 1497:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y por parte del dicho Pero Martinez se dize que porque jamas en tiempos passados la dicha ciudad puso consol ni fue admetido por essa Senyoria, &lt;strong&gt;si bien&lt;/strong&gt; algunas vezes ha intentado lo mismo que agora, y ciertos embaxadores de la dicha ciudad de Barcelona, que aqui de presente se fallan, pretienden todo lo contrario [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me falta encontrar cómo se originó la locución, por aquello de que efectivamente parece una combinación extraña. Solo puedo especular con que frases como las del siglo XIV y principios del XV, que hacían gran uso de &quot;si bien&quot;, generaran de algún modo una doble forma de entender la frase. No es un buen ejemplo, pero pongamos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Respondió Crito: &quot;Nosotros ternemos en cuidado aquestas cosas que dizes. Mas dime ¿cómo mandas que te enterremos?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Respondió Sócrates: &quot;Como quisieres, que &lt;strong&gt;si bien&lt;/strong&gt; me havéis entendido, yo non me apartaré de vosotros.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero Díaz de Toledo, &quot;Traducción del Libro llamado Fedrón, de Platón&quot;, 1446-1447 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta se entiende como &quot;si me habéis entendido bien&quot;, pero a lo mejor se podría interpretar como &quot;aunque me habéis entendido, yo no me separaré de vos&quot;. Que sí, que no es el mejor ejemplo y está un poco forzado, pero no encuentro un ejemplo mejor ahora mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T08:28:10.083" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T08:28:10.083" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25914" CreationDate="2018-04-20T08:12:48.957" Score="1" ViewCount="491" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existen términos en español registrados en el DLE (de más de dos letras, y excluyendo siglas o afijos) que no contengan vocales? ¿Cuál es el más largo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T10:25:02.317" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T10:26:28.267" Title="¿Cuál es el término más largo registrado en el DLE que no contiene vocales?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25913" CreationDate="2018-04-20T08:12:48.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí que hay, de momento el más largo que hemos encontrado es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SEsGpyh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pchs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. &lt;strong&gt;pche&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y siguiendo el enlace obtenemos su definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SErsYzc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. para denotar indiferencia, displicencia o reserva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La impresión que motiva, ciertamente no escasea del ridículo en los primeros momentos; la talla de los caballos, el chic de los trenes que arrastran, lo abigarrado y especial de las libreas que los aurigas lucen, los deliciosos grupos ó solos, orígenes de boato tanto, todo ocasiona un asombro extraño, peculiar, sui géneris, que oscila entre sonrisa de compasión é imperceptible gesto de indiferencia; ese mover de hombros que acaba en los labios con un ¡pchs! característico.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ximeno Ximénez (Alberto Díaz de la Quintana), &quot;Siluetas filipinas&quot;, 1887 (Filipinas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=Pchs&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; pulsando el botón &quot;Recuperar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece poco probable encontrar una palabra más larga con las mencionadas características, dado que las palabras en español que contienen más consonantes seguidas tienen cinco de ellas, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2fLHwBK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ángstrom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QUrXG8W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nietzscheano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T10:26:28.267" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T10:26:28.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16532" CreationDate="2018-04-20T08:44:08.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Una consulta a los diccionarios marítimos más antiguos (de 1830 y 1849) que aparecen &lt;a href=&quot;https://sectormaritimo.es/recopilacion-de-diez-diccionarios-maritimos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este enlace&lt;/a&gt; muestra que el término &quot;empanado&quot; se usaba en náutica en el español del s. XIX... pero no con el significado que nos ocupa. Y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&amp;amp;id=_DwHAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=Dictionnaire%20de%20la%20langue%20franque&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=panne&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una consulta de &quot;panne&quot; en un tratado sobre la &lt;em&gt;lingua franca&lt;/em&gt; mediterránea&lt;/a&gt; parece indicar que las palabras usadas en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabir&lt;/a&gt; para ese concepto no tenían nada que ver con el término en francés. Luego lo más probable es que efectivamente se tomase prestada del francés con posterioridad, tal como apunta la respuesta aceptada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba poniendo un comentario a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25897/13628&quot;&gt;interesante respuesta de Antonio Avila&lt;/a&gt;, pero me he quedado sin espacio...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encanta la hipótesis de que venga del francés. No obstante, me sorprende un poco que tal acepción no aparezca en el Larousse, que es uno de los diccionarios más famosos de francés. Por otra parte, viendo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25898/13628&quot;&gt;Charlie apunta&lt;/a&gt; que en español se usa desde mediados del s. XVII (que luego desaparezca del registro escrito, no quiere decir que no se usase oralmente), me ha asaltado la duda del huevo y la gallina, es decir: ¿qué fue antes: el &quot;empanado&quot; español o el &quot;en panne&quot; francés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para empezar, he consultado un diccionario de francés de 1701 y &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/gcTpmb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ninguno de los ocho significados para PANNE&lt;/a&gt; coincide con el de la respuesta. Esto apuntaría a que el significado de &quot;algo que ha dejado de funcionar&quot; sería posterior a los inicios del x. XVIII. De momento va ganando el español por un siglo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después me he ido al Trèsor, y ahí sí que se recoge ese significado &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/panne&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la tercera entrada (PANNE&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;, y nos ofrece una especie de histórico de la evolución de las acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde 1879, literalmente &quot;dejar de funcionar un mecanismo&quot;, que es el origen propuesto;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde 1759, con un significado parecido: &quot;imposibilidad de actuar (un regimiento)&quot;, de donde se podría interpretar &quot;estar empanado&quot; como &quot;estar bloqueado, no poder actuar&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde 1611 &lt;em&gt;mettre en panne&lt;/em&gt;, significando una maniobra marina para hacer que un barco se pare poniéndolo en contra del viento; la cual a su vez viene de,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde 1573, &lt;em&gt;Bouter vent en penne&lt;/em&gt; que es cuando el viento sopla de tal forma que pega las velas al mástil y el barco se para porque pierde el viento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo estas &quot;etimologías&quot;, quizá el origen real de la expresión por la que se pregunta sea, como en tantos otros casos, un término marinero: &lt;em&gt;&quot;en panne&quot;&lt;/em&gt; / &quot;empanado&quot; como palabra para indicar que un barco se ha quedado parado porque ha perdido el viento, y de ahí su extensión a cuando una persona se queda embobada, &quot;parada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Me falta consultar diccionarios marítimos antiguos y, si puedo, alguno de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabir&lt;/a&gt; para confirmar si &quot;empanado&quot; se usaba en español con ese significado antes que en francés, o si realmente nos ha llegado de nuestros amigos gabachos.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota curiosa, hoy en día en francés &lt;em&gt;empanner&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;trasluchar&quot;, que sería la evolución del &lt;em&gt;mettre en panne&lt;/em&gt; solo que completando el giro para que el barco, en vez de quedarse &lt;em&gt;en panne&lt;/em&gt;, haga justo lo contrario: recupere el viento por la banda contraria y siga navegando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T11:09:15.110" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T11:09:15.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25896" CreationDate="2018-04-20T09:22:22.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo para confirmar la estupenda &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25903/12637&quot;&gt;respuesta de guifa&lt;/a&gt;: en octubre de 2014 la RAE publicaba un tuit respondiendo a otra persona que preguntaba lo mismo (la pronunciación correcta del topónimo &lt;em&gt;Liechtenstein&lt;/em&gt;), que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tendencia actual es reproducir en lo posible la pronunciación original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aprovechando esta respuesta pregunté si entonces el gentilicio debía reproducir también esta pronunciación original. La respuesta ha sido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A los derivados les corresponde con frecuencia una pronunciación mixta, que combina la de la lengua de origen (o una aproximación a ella) en la parte del nombre propio extranjero al que se asocian y la española en el sufijo derivativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, con este tuit entiendo que, efectivamente, las pronunciaciones &lt;code&gt;/lijtenstain/&lt;/code&gt; y por tanto &lt;code&gt;/lijtenstainiano/&lt;/code&gt; (como pronunciación mixta) son la tendencia actual, tal y como recoge y atestigua la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, que nunca aprenderé a preguntar si algo es &quot;la tendencia actual&quot; en vez de si &quot;debe ser así&quot; o si &quot;es lo correcto&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T09:22:22.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25860" CreationDate="2018-04-20T12:13:00.813" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay unos ejemplos en la literatura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;RAMON&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.- Tiene razón Adela. Así, cuando lleguéis a casa, de vuelta, tu maridito... &lt;strong&gt;¡Ji, ji, ji!&lt;/strong&gt;... &lt;em&gt;(La risa de la hiena, imitando a su mujer)&lt;/em&gt; ¿Verdad, Adela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;ADELA&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.- ¡Claro que sí! &lt;strong&gt;¡Ji, ji, ji!&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5PsdAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22hiena%22+risa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuidado con él de los cuernos!: tres mujeres y el diablo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Sigfrido Blasco, Adrían Ortega&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¡Más rápido, más rápido!... &lt;strong&gt;Ji-Ji-Ji&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot; , se reía como hiena;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=g8H-LglfpCYC&amp;amp;pg=PA57&amp;amp;dq=hiena+%22je,+je,+je%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La dulce espera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Frederic Luján&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—&lt;strong&gt;Ji, ji, ji; je, je, je&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la puerta misma del sueno, entró la Muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Buenas, amiga hiena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2pQfAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=hiena+%22je%2C+je%2C+je%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Relatos de La Costa de Los Esclavos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Lirca Vallés Calaña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Je, je, je!&lt;/strong&gt;, rio como una hiena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=C7caDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT377&amp;amp;dq=hiena+je+je+je&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los imprescindibles: La novela de los últimos maquis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Raimundo Castro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace cinco meses que dejó de trabajar, pero por un error sigue cobrando —y soltaba una risa sardónica, &lt;strong&gt;je, je, je,&lt;/strong&gt; como la de las hienas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F0xfAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=hiena+%22je,+je,+je%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las Cosas Más Extrañas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Andrés Trapiello&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OÑA&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; H&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;IENA&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¡Ah sí, tú! No sueñes. Ya te veo de rey de la selva, &lt;strong&gt;ja, ja, ja.&lt;/strong&gt; Te verías muy guapo con tu capa roja; como que hace juego con tu piel, &lt;strong&gt;ja, ja, ja, ja.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=v-ObqHLwrIMC&amp;amp;pg=PA48&amp;amp;dq=hiena+%22ja,+ja,+ja%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Teatro de humor para jóvenes&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;El bocón&lt;/em&gt;, María Auxilio Ballinas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GAT0cm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GAT0cm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nlJKRd5zmWMC&amp;amp;pg=PT10&amp;amp;dq=%22hiena%22+ja+ja+ja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La cosa que más duele del mundo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Paco Liván&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miren al tigre, nos hace ¡grr! Miren al lobo, que nos hace ¡auuuuu!, y miren la hiena, &lt;strong&gt;¡jua jua jua!&lt;/strong&gt; Vean al elefante, que nos hace ¡ahr! Vean a ese changuito, que nos hace ¡yiyi! Vean al jabalí, que nos hace ¡oiing!, y vean la cebra, ¡ha ha ha ha!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xdo0yWCD30UC&amp;amp;pg=PT54&amp;amp;dq=%22ha,+ha,+ha%22+hiena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guía del Maestro Español 3: Voces de infancia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Antonio Domínguez Hidalgo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Juá juá juá!&lt;/strong&gt; — exclamó la hiena — . Nosotros que somos tan felices tenemos que depender de este bigotudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=slplAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22jua,+jua,+jua%22+hiena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las repeticiones y otros relatos inéditos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Silvina Ocampo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HIENA: &lt;strong&gt;Juar, juar, juar.&lt;/strong&gt; ¡No es justo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DpfsAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=juar+hiena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tramoya: cuaderno de teatro, Números 42-45&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Universidad Veracruzana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además, esta representación 'interesante' del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/btRw0m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/btRw0m.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-IYKAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA125&amp;amp;dq=hiena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juegos de prendas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Ramón Campuzano (1853)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero así que son muy infrecuentes y diversos (en realización de la vocal), parece que no hay una onomatopeya canónica (ni común) para el sonido que hacen los hienas, por consiguiente se puede usar cualquier onomatopeya de la risa humana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt; No obstante &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Lista_de_voces_de_animales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sí son comunes&lt;/a&gt; los verbos &lt;em&gt;aullar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt; y los sonidos &lt;em&gt;aullido&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;risa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T15:40:53.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26022" CreationDate="2018-04-20T13:18:53.697" Score="4" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;The obvious way to read a number aloud is to read it as though it had been spelled out in words rather than given as digits. So 245 is read aloud as &lt;em&gt;doscientos cuarenta y cinco&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about numbers which are just identifiers like Boeing 737, hotel rooms, numbers in catalogues like Bach's cantata Wachet auf BWV 140. Is it optional whether to read them as a number or to spell out the digits? So would I say Boeing &lt;em&gt;siete tres siete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T03:30:56.683" Title="Are there alternative ways to read numbers aloud in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-20T18:57:19.330" Score="2" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué muchos adverbios en español terminan con &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;em&gt;Fuertemente, lentamente, rápidamente, suavemente, ferozmente, usualmente, cálidamente, fríamente, inteligentemente, silenciosamente&lt;/em&gt;... etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19265" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T22:34:19.430" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T06:03:04.077" Title="Why do (a lot of) adverbs in Spanish end in -mente?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25924" CreationDate="2018-04-20T20:24:40.877" Score="4" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué sentido tienen adjetivos como verde, rico o listo en preguntas sin verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto '¿Listo?' en el sentido de 'Ready?' y no de 'Smart?' ¿Son siempre los sentidos 'estar'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T20:52:14.967" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T21:20:30.607" Title="Adjetivos con dos sentidos en preguntas" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2119" CreationDate="2018-04-20T20:40:23.667" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I happen to speak French, so the differences are obvious to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we use the word people for different meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few people (individuals or persons) came to my party. In Spanish I would use personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People (in general, humans) like ice cream. In Spanish, I would use gentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The people (of a nation) voted for independence. In Spanish, I would use pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19274" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T20:40:23.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25920" CreationDate="2018-04-20T20:46:30.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice el Diccionario de la Lengua (negrita mía), el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Owj95I8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-mente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;, abl. de &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt; 'inteligencia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;', 'propósito'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. elem. compos. &lt;strong&gt;Forma adverbios a partir de adjetivos.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Fácilmente, pobremente.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir, es un mecanismo para formar adverbios a partir de adjetivos. Y como hay muchos adjetivos, se pueden formar muchos adverbios. Por eso hay tantos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-22T14:28:41.553" LastActivityDate="2018-04-22T14:28:41.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25921" CreationDate="2018-04-20T21:20:30.607" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a responder en español, tratando de no ser muy complicado. Si no comprendes algo sólo tienes que decirlo. Puedo traducirlo al inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sentido depende del contexto. No debes necesariamente pensar qué verbo está &quot;oculto&quot;, sino &lt;strong&gt;qué es más probable que el hablante quiera decir&lt;/strong&gt;. Y si no entiendes qué quiere decir, puedes preguntar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: Ana está terminando de responder un e-mail. Boris está esperando que Ana termine, porque van a salir juntos. Ana deja de escribir. Boris pregunta entonces: «¿Listo?». Lo que Boris quiere decir es «¿Ya está listo tu e-mail?», «¿Está listo lo que estabas haciendo?» («listo» puede significar «terminado»). También podría preguntar en femenino: «¿Lista?». En ese caso su pregunta se refiere a Ana y significa: «¿Ya estás lista para salir?».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo: Boris le dice a Ana que conoció a Carlos, un amigo de Ana. Carlos no es muy inteligente, pero Boris dice: «Carlos me pareció un tipo listo.» Ana no puede creerlo y pregunta: «¿Listo?» En este caso la pregunta significa: «¿Escuché bien? ¿En serio crees que Carlos es listo?».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría darte muchos más ejemplos, pero lo importante es esto: &lt;strong&gt;siempre hay un contexto&lt;/strong&gt; en la realidad, cuando hablas un idioma con alguien más o escuchas a alguien hablarlo. &lt;strong&gt;Es casi imposible que te encuentres con una palabra suelta, sola, sin contexto alguno&lt;/strong&gt; que te permita adivinar qué significa. Por esa razón no existen reglas fijas que puedan decirte si «listo» significa &lt;em&gt;ready&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;smart&lt;/em&gt;. El contexto siempre va a aclararte cuál es el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T21:20:30.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25925" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-21T14:29:40.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y griego. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Greek languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T20:06:14.203" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T20:06:14.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25926" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-21T14:29:40.923" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y griego. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Greek languages." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T20:06:03.210" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T20:06:03.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25927" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-21T14:31:19.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y náhuatl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del DLE en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QDH6uCQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;náhuatl&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lengua yutoazteca meridional que en la actualidad se habla en diversas zonas de México y que antiguamente fue la lengua del Imperio azteca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Palabras que puede que provengan de este idioma: cacaho, cacahuete, chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Nahuatl languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T11:35:34.697" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T11:35:34.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25928" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-21T14:31:19.187" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y náhuatl. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Nahuatl languages." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T20:06:08.647" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T20:06:08.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23721" CreationDate="2018-04-21T17:12:20.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Miremos a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/carillon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;quaternio&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vulgar Latin&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;quadrinionem&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old French&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;quarrellon&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;French&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;carrillon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (sig. XVII - XVIII)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;French&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;carillon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (sig. XVIII - )&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Italian&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;carillon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spanish&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;carillón, carrillón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Portuguese&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;carrilhão&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, la forma arcaica de la palabra francesa era &lt;em&gt;carrillon&lt;/em&gt;, así que es probable que la duplicación de ortografías es debido a que el español adoptó este préstamo durante una época cuando las dos ortografías francesas eran comunes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es visible en las distintas ortografías de italiano y portugués también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en Google Ngrams parece confirmar que las dos palabras ingresaron al léxico español (común) más o menos al mismo tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xfAOQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prononc. et Orth. :&lt;/strong&gt; [kaʀijɔ̃]. Ds &lt;em&gt;Ac.&lt;/em&gt; 1694-1762 sous la forme &lt;em&gt;carrillon&lt;/em&gt;; ds &lt;em&gt;Ac.&lt;/em&gt; 1798-1932 sous la forme moderne.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/carillon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/carillon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T18:11:19.780" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T18:11:19.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25908" CreationDate="2018-04-21T20:52:05.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he conseguido encontrar ninguna referencia, pero mi &quot;teoría&quot; es que viene de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si bien es cierto que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me explico. &quot;Si bien&quot; es sinónimo de &quot;aunque&quot;, la conjunción de las subordinadas concesivas por excelencia. Se parecen a las adversativas en la estructura &lt;code&gt;&quot;aunque [concesión], resulta que [tengo razón yo]&quot;.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una manera formal y elegante de hacer esta &quot;concesión&quot; es justamente la frase que he puesto arriba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;si bien es cierto que [...] resulta&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero por el momento esto no significa nada, pues el &quot;si bien&quot; sigue apareciendo junto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa es que también es frecuente oirlo sin el &quot;si&quot;: &lt;code&gt;&quot;Bien es cierto que...&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el adverbio &quot;bien&quot; se usa muchas veces con el sentido de &quot;muy&quot;: &lt;code&gt;está bien chulo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &quot;bien podría tratarse&quot; de una evolución como esta &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;es bien cierto → bien es cierto → si bien es cierto → si bien &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que hasta aquí mi elcubración. Espero que me rebatáis con cosas interesantes y así aprender de dónde viene de verdad ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T20:52:05.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25932" CreationDate="2018-04-21T21:38:53.380" Score="8" ViewCount="1559" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a person with a French background, I would like to know the rules for inversion in Spanish. You can form a question by inverting the subject and verb like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Bebemos nosotras leche?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, you will most likely leave out the nosotras when speaking...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Bebemos leche?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I saw this example on Duolingo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Bebemos leche nosotras?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can the subject be at the end? Can I put the subject anywhere? What are the rules for this? Is it only at the end or after the verb? What if it is not a pronoun but a name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Van al parque mañana ustedes?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Van al parque ustedes mañana?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Quiere venir a la fiesta María?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the last one uses a name instead of a pronoun. What are the placement rules for the subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8748" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T14:00:32.870" Title="How to create Spanish inversion?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25931" CreationDate="2018-04-21T22:14:22.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has very free ordering although common use is to stick to certain orders in given contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given a sentence like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;María todavía no ha dado los regalos de aniversario a sus padres.&#xA;----- ------- ---------- -------------------------- ------------&#xA;subj.  adverb    verb          direct object          ind. obj.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can rearrange these elements in any order we like; so in this case, there are &lt;strong&gt;5 factorial&lt;/strong&gt;  (5! = 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 = &lt;strong&gt;120&lt;/strong&gt;) valid possibilities.  &lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt;, the subject, could be placed after any of the units I underlined, or of course at the very beginning.  In fact, while it's not terribly likely that any person would actually utter them, the following are grammatically equivalent reordering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todavía a sus padres no les&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; ha dado los regalos de aniversario María.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  Los regalos de aniversario no los&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; ha dado a sus padres María todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is enabled in large part because the verbs agree with the subject, and rules regarding object pronouns help prevent the subject and the direct object from being confused.  All three of the previous sentences can be made questions by just putting them inside question marks and adjusting tonality in speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, questions are one context in which &lt;em&gt;normally&lt;/em&gt; the verb will proceed the subject, but it's not because the subject comes after the verb so much as the verb coming first.  But even then, that's not a hard and fast rule.  Caribbean Spanish is well known to use SV ordering especially when there's an interrogative word (&lt;em&gt;¿Dónde María está?&lt;/em&gt;).  It may sound odd to other Spanish speakers who are accustomed to another word order, but it's nonetheless correct and, more importantly, fully understandable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule of thumb questions (similar to statements), will place the important element first.  Thus we can distinguish &lt;em&gt;¿Está María?&lt;/em&gt; —being there (or not) is the question— from &lt;em&gt;¿María está?&lt;/em&gt; —Mary (or someone else) is what we want to know.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the sentences you gave are perfectly correct and sound quite natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. There is a rule that if the direct or indirect object precedes the verb then unless it is being contrasted or emphasized, it obligates coapparition of the object pronoun.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T12:56:02.513" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T12:56:02.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-22T10:04:59.330" Score="3" ViewCount="839" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2964/antier-para-expresar-el-d%C3%ADa-anterior-a-ayer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Antier” para expresar el día anterior a ayer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, las respuestas y comentarios, he visto que &lt;em&gt;antier&lt;/em&gt; es totalmente desconocida en algunas regiones y es la palabra habitual en otras - y que lo recíproco ocurre con &lt;em&gt;anteayer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;antes de ayer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me hace plantearme si ocurre algo similar con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aOyFVid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trasantier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. p. us. trasanteayer.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aOxwmzy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trasanteayer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. p. us. En el día que precedió inmediatamente al de anteayer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se utilizan en el habla común? ¿Hay diferencias regionales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T14:11:49.897" Title="¿Se utilizan &quot;trasantier&quot; y &quot;trasanteayer&quot; en el habla común?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24515" CreationDate="2018-04-22T11:40:10.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que podemos apostar por &quot;bárdico&quot;, aunque no se encuentre en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ff_7pP1vPYMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA327&amp;amp;ots=-xrI6j_0C_&amp;amp;dq=%22bardico%22%20%22bardos%22&amp;amp;pg=PA327#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22bardico%22%20%22bardos%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario enciclopédico gallego-castellano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=FoBE9EDhqlAC&amp;amp;lpg=PA130&amp;amp;ots=FHyInMwlg8&amp;amp;dq=%22bardico%22%20%22bardos%22&amp;amp;pg=PA130#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22bardico%22%20%22bardos%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario normativo galego-castelán&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a su ausencia en el diccionario &quot;oficial&quot;, nunca viene mal recordar (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?t=/docs/advertencias.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aunque ellos digan que no es necesario&lt;/a&gt;) que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) las posibilidades de formación de nuevas palabras (...) son&#xA;  amplísimas, y no todos los resultados posibles los recoge el&#xA;  Diccionario, sino únicamente aquellos que han alcanzado cierta&#xA;  reiteración en el uso. No es necesario señalar que la ausencia de un&#xA;  derivado o un compuesto posible no implica su ilegitimidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que usemos &lt;em&gt;bárdico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bárdica&lt;/em&gt;, etc. sin miedo: son términos bien formados, acordes con el &quot;genio del idioma&quot;, como dice Álex Grijelmo, que satisfacen de forma sencilla una necesidad expresiva e &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=b%C3%A1rdico%2Bb%C3%A1rdica%2Bb%C3%A1rdicos%2Bb%C3%A1rdicas&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2C%28b%C3%A1rdico%20%2B%20b%C3%A1rdica%20%2B%20b%C3%A1rdicos%20%2B%20b%C3%A1rdicas%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incluso pueden encontrarse en el registro escrito&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dtfDG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dtfDG.png&quot; alt=&quot;Uso de &amp;quot;bárdico&amp;quot; y derivados en libros&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Edito para añadir un ejemplo a petición del &lt;em&gt;OP&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya se ve en el gráfico del Ngram (me resultan curiosos los &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17354/12991&quot;&gt;subidones&lt;/a&gt; en el uso de estas palabras alrededor de 1890 y 1925 aprox.) y puede hacerse una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22b%C3%A1rdico%22+OR+%22b%C3%A1rdica%22+OR+%22b%C3%A1rdicos%22+OR+%22b%C3%A1rdicas%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búsqueda genérica de estos términos en la búsqueda de libros de Google&lt;/a&gt;, pero añadiremos &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=lkLP2rnZzQMC&amp;amp;lpg=PA168&amp;amp;dq=%22b%C3%A1rdico%22%20OR%20%22b%C3%A1rdica%22%20OR%20%22b%C3%A1rdicos%22%20OR%20%22b%C3%A1rdicas%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA168#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una cita, que incluye una cita con una referencia, de un libro más o menos reciente&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La función &lt;strong&gt;bárdica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; La idea de la televisión como poeta lírico, juglar contemporáneo, la sugiere &lt;code&gt;(sic)&lt;/code&gt; Fiske y Hartley (1978), que proponen&#xA;  encuadrar las posibilidades fabulísticas mediáticas que hemos visto&#xA;  antes en una función que los dos autores, precisamente, definen como&#xA;  «&lt;strong&gt;bárdica&lt;/strong&gt;». «El bardo —explican Casetti y de Chio (1998: 265)— es el&#xA;  que canta las gestas de una comunidad; registra sus eventos y las&#xA;  preocupaciones incluso mínimas, las transforma en versos y las vuelve&#xA;  a ofrecer para el disfrute de todos. Es decir, el bardo trabaja en y&#xA;  para la creación de un patrimonio común». Del mismo modo, la función&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;bárdica&lt;/strong&gt; de la televisión consistirá «en hacerse mediadora de&#xA;  lenguajes, en ponerse en el centro de la cultura, en reconducir las&#xA;  dificultades de la vida social a valores y símbolos compartidos por&#xA;  los miembros de la comunidad» (Casetti y de Chio, 1998).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Federico Boni, (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?isbn=8437070961&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Teorías de los medios de comunicación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 2008), pág. 168.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T10:20:51.093" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T10:20:51.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20138" CreationDate="2018-04-22T13:19:35.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No parece que haya un término específico para este fenómeno (posiblemente una combinación de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C3%B3ope&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apócope&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralizaci%C3%B3n_(fon%C3%A9tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reducción de vocal&lt;/a&gt;?), sin embargo la RAE dice esto con respecto al tema en su &lt;em&gt;Manual de la NGLE&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.2.1f&lt;/strong&gt; Los segmentos de un compuesto aparecen a veces unidos por un elemento de enlace. Se usa la vocal -i- en los compuestos coordinativos formados con las pautas N-i-N (&lt;em&gt;ajiaceite&lt;/em&gt;), V-i-V (&lt;em&gt;subibaja&lt;/em&gt;) y A-i-A (&lt;em&gt;agridulce&lt;/em&gt;), pero también en algunos subordinativos, como N-i-V (&lt;em&gt;perniquebrar&lt;/em&gt;). En los compuestos formados por elementos grecolatinos (§ 11.8), el elemento de enlace suele ser -o- para los términos de origen griego (&lt;em&gt;cartógrafo, dermatólogo&lt;/em&gt;) e -i- para los de origen latino (&lt;em&gt;apicultor, fratricida&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.4.1 Compuestos A-i-A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Se forman en español compuestos adjetivales combinando dos adjetivos, sea con vocal de enlace (&lt;em&gt;agridulce&lt;/em&gt;) o sin ella (&lt;em&gt;sociocultural, sordomudo&lt;/em&gt;). La pauta más productiva entre los primeros es la que combina dos adjetivos de color: &lt;em&gt;albiceleste, aurinegro, blanquiazul, rojinegro&lt;/em&gt;. Estos compuestos no suelen designar colores intermedios, sino superpuestos de manera contigua o en patrones alternantes. Por el contrario, los compuestos coordinativos &lt;em&gt;agridulce, anchicorto, tontiloco,&lt;/em&gt; etc., suelen referirse a cierta propiedad resultante de mezclar o combinar otras dos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.5.2 Adjetivos compuestos según la pauta N-i-A&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.5.2a&lt;/strong&gt; La pauta N-i-A es la más productiva del español entre todas las que dan lugar a compuestos de sustantivo y adjetivo. A ella pertenecen barbilampiño, racicorto, cariacontecido, narilargo, ojizarco, pernilargo y otros muchos compuestos, casi todos adjetivos que se predican mayoritariamente de nombres de personas o animales. Se asimilan a este grupo el adjetivo cabizbajo y los que alternan entre la presencia y ausencia del segmento de enlace -i-, como &lt;em&gt;alablanco ~ aliblanco; cuelloalbo ~ cuellialbo; picoabierto ~ piquiabierto&lt;/em&gt;. El adjetivo (a veces participio) presenta en ellos los rasgos morfológicos del grupo nominal del que se predica el compuesto, en lugar de los del sustantivo contenido en este. Así pues, &lt;em&gt;roto&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;manirroto&lt;/em&gt; no concuerda en género con el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;N.- nombre&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    V.- verbo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    A.- adjetivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unos ejemplos adicionales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-o &gt; i&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;altibajo, anchicorto, blanquivioletas, albivioleta, callialto, clarividente, cuellilargo, culicagado, gallipavo, gualdinegro, manirroto, rojigualda&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ajiaceite, ajicola, ajilimójili, ajipuerro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cultiparlar, cultipicaño&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ojiazul, ojigarzo, ojizarco, ojiverde, ojinegro, ojimoreno, ojialegre, ojijunto, ojituerto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peliagudo, peliazabache, peliblanco, pelicorto, pelilargo, pelinegro, pelirrojo, pelirrubio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-a &gt; -i-&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alicaído, aliquebrar, arquimesa, cartivana, cejijunto, coroliflora, perniquebrar, zanquivano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boquiabierta, boquirrubio, boquisucio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cabecicafé, cabeciduro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;patiperro, patituerto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-e &gt; -i-&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;artimaña, voltiarepas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-e + y &gt; -i-&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;veintiuno, veintidós, ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;- &gt; -i-&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calicanto, coliflor, crucigrama, cultalatiniparla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/vocal-de-enlace-en-palabras-compuestas-maniobra-boquiabierto-pelirrojo-etc.2694772/?hl=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/vocal-de-enlace-en-palabras-compuestas-maniobra-boquiabierto-pelirrojo-etc.2694772/?hl=es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-term-designating-sound-change-for-words-from-dictionary-form-to-compound-words-and-to-what-degree-does-this-sound-change-exist-among-different-languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-term-designating-sound-change-for-words-from-dictionary-form-to-compound-words-and-to-what-degree-does-this-sound-change-exist-among-different-languages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-17T11:06:11.097" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T11:06:11.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25933" CreationDate="2018-04-23T06:09:56.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que a diferencia de lo que pasaba con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2rYjC70&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que el propio diccionario recoge que es una palabra &quot;usada más en América&quot;, en el caso de &lt;em&gt;trasantier&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;trasanteayer&lt;/em&gt; ya directamente te dice que son adverbios &quot;poco usados&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, es la primera vez que los oigo, aunque sí había visto antes ese prefijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aI82hct&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tras-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en construcciones similares, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aOpkvqA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trasabuelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nomenclatura_de_parentesco_en_espa%C3%B1ol#Trastatarabuelos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trastatarabuelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Estas palabras son en general poco usadas (esta última ni siquiera está en el DLE), tal vez por requerir un pequeño esfuerzo mental para descomponer la palabra y entenderla completamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando ejemplos, en el CORDE aparecen cuatro casos (sumando ambas formas &lt;em&gt;trasantier&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;trasanteayer&lt;/em&gt;): tres recientes (de textos de Cuba, Colombia y Venezuela) y uno más antiguo de nuestro amigo Korreas, mencionando una lista de adverbios de tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oi, aier, anteaier, ó antier, trasantier, manaña, pasado mañana ó esotro dia, tarde, tenprano, aora ó agora, antes, despues [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Arte de la lengua española castellana&quot;, 1625 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T06:09:56.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10344" CreationDate="2018-04-23T09:07:42.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay unos ejemplos que se han difundido (un poco) fuera de Chile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/laucha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;laucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pucho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Perú, Bolivia, Río de la Plata&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pichi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pichi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Río de la Plata&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chuico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chuico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Bolivia&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/natre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;natre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Bolivia, Perú&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quilo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quilo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Perú&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pilcha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pilcha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Cono Sur&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/huincha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;huincha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ulpo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ulpo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Argentina, Perú&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mal%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;malón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Argentina, Uruguay&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quinchamal%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quinchamalí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Argentina, Bolivia&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/coltro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coltro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Patagonia (Argentina)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cari&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/guachi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guachi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (tb. &lt;em&gt;guache, huachi&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Guamin%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guaminí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/g%C3%BCi%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;güiña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (tb. &lt;em&gt;hüiña, hüiño&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/huilliche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;huilliche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;huiliche&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/huinca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;huinca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/loica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;loica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;lloica&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/machi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;machi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/maqui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;maqui&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ma%C3%B1%C3%ADo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mañío&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B1anco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ñanco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B1ir%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ñiré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pehu%C3%A9n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pehuén&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/pe%C3%B1i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;peñi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quiaca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quiaca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quila&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/tiuque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tiuque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Argentina&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos los demás se refieren a comidas típicas, a plantas y a animales endémicos; son apellidos; o se usan solo en Chile (o más específicamente, una gran cantidad se usan solo en isla de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipi%C3%A9lago_de_Chilo%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chiloé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, no parece que ningún palabra es común en el español 'mundial'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_de_origen_mapuche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categoría:ES:Palabras_de_origen_mapuche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-93032010000200008&amp;amp;script=sci_arttext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los mapuchismos en el DRAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Gilberto Sánchez Cabezas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T09:07:42.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25938" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-23T10:51:21.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For questions about spellings, words, or phrases considered improper or incorrect for formal communication. // Para preguntas sobre ortografías, palabras o frases consideradas incorrectas para la comunicación formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-23T12:32:50.187" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T12:32:50.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25939" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-23T10:51:21.260" Score="0" Body="For questions about spellings, words, or phrases considered improper or incorrect for formal communication. // Para preguntas sobre ortografías, palabras o frases consideradas incorrectas para la comunicación formal." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-23T12:32:58.567" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T12:32:58.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24362" CreationDate="2018-04-23T10:52:08.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí este fenómeno (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADncopa_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;síncopa&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elision#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elisión&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxed_pronunciation#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronunciación relajada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) ocurre fuera de Andalucía.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Se puede encontrar en algunos dialectos de Valencia,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; las Canarias,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; y Madrid.&lt;sup&gt;4 5&lt;/sup&gt; Y mas allá en los dialectos de Chile,&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; Venezuela,&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; Puerto Rico, Pánama, Perú y algunos 'sociolectos bajos' de Cuba.&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque en estos dialectos se pronuncia *&lt;em&gt;humarea&lt;/em&gt;, la ortografía prescrita sigue siendo &lt;em&gt;humareda&lt;/em&gt;. Del mismo modo con &lt;em&gt;cansado&lt;/em&gt; (*&lt;em&gt;Toy cansao&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;perdido&lt;/em&gt; (*&lt;em&gt;Me perdío&lt;/em&gt;) etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, nótese que sí se usan las siguientes ortografías en el contexto del &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2013/03/08/opinion/1362773811_160113.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flamenco&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quejío, cantaor, bailaor, tocaor, granaína, tablao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en ciertas palabras relacionada con &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusian_Spanish#Influence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la cultura andaluza&lt;/a&gt; en general (e.j. &lt;em&gt;pescaíto frito&lt;/em&gt;, c.f. &lt;em&gt;sobao&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://revistas.uca.es/index.php/pragma/article/view/166/169&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La elisión de /d/ intervocálica en el español culto de Granada: factores lingüísticos&lt;/a&gt; (2010)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://minerva.usc.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10347/6009/91-124.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mantenimiento y elisión de la /d/ intervocálica en el español de Valencia&lt;/a&gt; (2009)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fahs.surrey.ac.uk/languages/spanish-phonetics/advanced-phonetics-7-2/spanish-phonemes.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish phonemes and phonetic transcription&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4. &lt;a href=&quot;https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-93032016000200012&amp;amp;script=sci_arttext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estudio de la /d/ intervocálica en los corpus PRESEEA&lt;/a&gt; (2016)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;5. &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elisión de la /d/ Intervocálica Postónica&lt;/a&gt; (2000)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;6. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mauriciofigueroa.cl/02_academia/2014_slides_WorkIber.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lenition, elision and recovery of Chilean Spanish /b, d, g/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;7. &lt;a href=&quot;https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-93032016000200006&amp;amp;script=sci_abstract&amp;amp;tlng=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The elision of / d / intervocalic in the Caracas community&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-04T13:39:39.230" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T13:39:39.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25952" CreationDate="2018-04-23T11:20:53.880" Score="6" ViewCount="887" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de encontrarme lo siguiente en un artículo de prensa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] el sistema se &lt;strong&gt;adecua&lt;/strong&gt; a la perfección a las necesidades de los niños e impide que se frustren al no ser capaces de llegar a un determinado nivel [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me he quedado muy sorprendida al ver la palabra &lt;em&gt;adecua&lt;/em&gt; así escrita, sin tilde. Así que he ido a la RAE a ver qué opinaba, y me he encontrado (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0iArrmH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE, verbo adecuar&lt;/a&gt;, pinchar botón de &quot;conjugar&quot;) con que se aceptan ambas formas, &lt;em&gt;adecua&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;adecúa&lt;/em&gt;. Es más, no es el único caso, sino que para muchísimas de las formas de la primera, segunda o tercera personal del singular sucede lo  mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que mi duda puede deberse a dos factores: por un lado empiezo a dudar que la única pronunciación válida sea /a·de·'cu·a/, y por otro lado, la acentuación de diptongos e hiatos siempre me ha traído de cabeza...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, finalmente, preguntas: ¿alguien podría indicarme por qué se aceptan ambas formas? ¿Acaso es válida la pronunciación /a·'de·kua/? ¿Cuáles son las normas ortográficas pertinentes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T02:52:12.653" Title="¿Por qué al conjugar &quot;adecuar&quot; la tilde es optativa?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25943" CreationDate="2018-04-23T11:47:12.963" Score="5" ViewCount="985" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it OK to use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;tutear&lt;/em&gt;) when addressing a stranger in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By &lt;em&gt;stranger&lt;/em&gt; I mean a person that is unknown or with whom one is unacquainted, I do not mean a foreigner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background: I recently visited Spain. I tried speaking in Spanish and virtually all the people addressed me as &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (with all the verbs in the second person). I know that in some countries (e.g. Finland and probably all the other Nordic countries?) their languages technically distinguish between formal and informal &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;, but it is nowadays socially acceptable to use the informal &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; even when talking to strangers on the street.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the same case in Spain? Are you perceived as rude if you address a stranger &quot;Me puedes decir...&quot; instead of &quot;Me puede decir...&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11155" LastEditorUserId="11155" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T05:55:59.947" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T05:55:59.947" Title="Is it OK to use &quot;tú&quot; (tutear) when addressing a stranger in Spain?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25942" CreationDate="2018-04-23T12:21:06.607" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not from Spain but I think the following will work anywhere, basically. What you're referring to is called the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E2%80%93V_distinction&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;T–V distinction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and, though it shows itself as a distinction between formal and informal registers, that's not always the case. Moreover, formal and informal contexts are defined in different ways in different cultures and regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most Spanish-speaking places nowadays the V in the T–V distinction (the &quot;formal&quot; register) tends to be used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when addressing someone older than you (older by one or more generations, really) or simply above a certain perceived age;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when addressing a client in a business, taking into account the formality of the business itself (a bank should be considered more formal than a street vendor's stand, in general);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when addressing someone who commands respect in a formal setting, such as a conference or lecture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;informal&quot; register (T form) will be used elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're a young person (or look like one), then people on the street will probably address you using the T form (&lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;), unless they are younger themselves. This last point depends a lot on the culture; in some places children might be taught to address anyone they don't know as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, and carry that into their teenage years and beyond, while some might grow up speaking informally all the time except to certain authority figures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're an older person, then people will tend to address you using the V form (&lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;), and you might get that even from people of your own age.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obvious non-native speakers will be forgiven if they use the &quot;wrong&quot; form. If you're out in the street asking for directions you won't do wrong if you use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; for people your age and younger, and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; elsewhere (or if in doubt). Beginning with a light apology (&lt;em&gt;Disculpa...&lt;/em&gt;) will help as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T12:21:06.607" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25933" CreationDate="2018-04-23T14:11:49.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia yo no he escuchado a la primera persona utilizar &quot;trasantier&quot; ni &quot;trasanteayer&quot; en ninguna de las regiones en las que he estado, yo personalmente no sabía ni siquiera que existían estas palabras. La expresión que más he escuchado sinónima a estas palabras es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ante-anteayer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;de resto se utilizan referencias numericas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace 2 días estuve en la casa de un amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y referencias de días&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El martes estuve en la casa de un amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antier sí se utiliza comúnmente al igual que anteayer, antes de ayer es menos común al menos en bogotá pero también se utiliza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18641" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T14:11:49.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25956" CreationDate="2018-04-23T15:18:51.020" Score="5" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Game over! Winner: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25956/13628&quot;&gt;blonfu with 20 chars&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game! If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long-time players know I've got a thing for music. Here's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlMHdhf0nvE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a song that you might've heard once or twice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a blue house with a blue window&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue is the color of all that I wear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue are the streets and all the trees are too&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I have a girlfriend and she is so blue&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue are the people here that walk around&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue like my Corvette, it's in and outside&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue are the words I say and what I think&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Blue are the feelings that live inside me  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm blue da ba dee da ba daa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(362 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is &lt;em&gt;Blue (Da Ba Dee)&lt;/em&gt; by Eiffel 65.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are differing opinions about the meaning of this song. Some would say that it tells us about a funny world where everything is colored blue, whereas others argue that it is a song about depression and 'blue' refers to feeling down. Answers can be based on any of those interpretations (or a mix of both) as long as they are coherent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own, non-golfed translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Yo tengo una casa azul con una ventana azul. Azul es el color de todo lo que llevo puesto. Azules son las calles y todos los árboles son azules también. Tengo una novia y es super azul. Azul es la gente que camina por aquí alrededor, azul como mi Corvette lo es por dentro y por fuera. Azules son las palabras que digo y lo que pienso. Azules son los sentimientos que viven dentro de mí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Soy azul, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai, da bu di da bu dai.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(402 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;rhyme rules&quot; do not apply to this edition.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T06:43:58.223" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T06:43:58.223" Title="Translation Golf XXXIX - I'm blue" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-23T15:55:30.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25946" CreationDate="2018-04-23T15:38:09.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;31 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4bUlvCX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ay&lt;/a&gt; de&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mis cosas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  las &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WngeeRa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rúes&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  la gente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y de mí.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando se usa &lt;em&gt;ay&lt;/em&gt; seguido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; &quot;denota pena, temor, conmiseración o amenaza&quot;. Se entiende que en este caso es pena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &quot;mis cosas&quot; meto la casa (con sus ventanas), la ropa y el coche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &quot;las rúes&quot; (calles) meto también a los árboles que adornan las calles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &quot;la gente&quot; meto también a la novia, que es gente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &quot;mí&quot; incluyo todo lo referente al que canta, incluyendo sus palabras y los sentimientos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T11:22:43.997" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T11:22:43.997" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-23T15:55:30.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25958" CreationDate="2018-04-23T17:43:08.953" Score="4" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I was describing the actions of my (Ecuadorian) wife to a friend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[She] pulled out all the stops trying to cheer me up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be an appropriate translation of the idiomatic &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pull_out_all_the_stops&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pull out all the stops&lt;/a&gt;&quot; to Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify, &quot;pull out all the stops&quot; means to &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; withhold anything when trying to accomplish something, i.e. to apply every available resource to a task in hopes of successfully accomplishing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wiktionary (link above):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To reserve or hold back nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the &quot;stops&quot; are &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93rgano_(instrumento_musical)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las paradas del órgano de viento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T13:43:35.463" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T13:45:23.723" Title="Appropriate translation to Spanish for &quot;pull out all the stops&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;metáfora&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25946" CreationDate="2018-04-23T18:18:10.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;28 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo, lo mio y mi entorno somos azules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T11:18:04.577" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T11:18:04.577" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-23T18:18:10.300" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2018-04-23T21:45:59.643" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, en todo el mundo hispanohablante, se han surgido dos pronunciaciones.  Con una, la palabra raíz se considera ser A-DE-CU-AR, y con la otra, la palabra raíz se considera A-DE-CUAR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, al conjugar en el presente (y algunos imperativos), vamos a pensar primero en lo oral y después en la ortografía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Modelo a-de-cu-ar               Modelo a-de-cuar&#xA;-----------------               -----------------&#xA;a-de-cu-o   a-de-cu-a-mos       a-de-cuo   a-de-cua-mos&#xA;a-de-cu-as  a-de-cu-ais         a-de-cuas  a-de-cuais&#xA;a-de-cu-a   a-de-cu-an          a-de-cua   a-de-cuan&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, recuerda que la sílaba tónica en el presente recae sobre la penúltima sílaba en todas las formas excepto en el vosotros (y pues también el vos) donde por razones históricas se ha perdido una sílaba y recae sobre la que ahora es la última.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Modelo a-de-cu-ar        Modelo a-de-cuar&#xA;------------------       -----------------&#xA;adecúo   adecuámos       adécuo   adecuámos&#xA;adecúas  adecuáis        adécuas  adecuáis&#xA;adecúa   adecúan         adécua   adécuan&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora debemos ver si los tildes son prescindibles.  Como las formas de nosotros y vosotros coinciden, los trato primero.  En &lt;em&gt;adecuamos&lt;/em&gt;, sea que lo pronunciemos en cuatro o cinco sílabas, tendrá siempre la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; acentuada.  Como se ubica en la penúltima sílaba y la palabra termina en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, no escribimos tilde en ningún caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el vosotros, pronunciado en tres o cuatro sílabas, siempre acentuamos la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; que forma diptongo (o triptongo) con la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;.  Encontrándose en la última sílaba y terminándose la palabra en &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, tildamos la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; para ambas pronunciaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para las otras personas, en el modelo /a.de.ku'ar/, si los tildes los quitamos, se interpreta la &lt;em&gt;ua&lt;/em&gt; como el diptongo /wa/ y no como dos sílabas con hiato /u.a/, y como consecuencia, la penúltima sílaba llega a ser la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.  Por esta razón, aquel tilde es necesario porque sin él, ya no marca la pronunciación deseada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en el otro modelo de /a.de'kwar/, como ya indicamos, si quitamos los tildes sobre &lt;em&gt;adecuo&lt;/em&gt;, etc, por formar diptongo la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; con la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, la acentuación ya recae sobre la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; que es precisamente donde la queremos.  Así que en este modelo, no hay tildes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para los hablantes, decidir si deben escribir &lt;em&gt;adecúa&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;adecua&lt;/em&gt; depende por completo de lo que dicen en lo oral.  Si dicen /a.de'ku.a/ escriben pues &lt;em&gt;adecúa&lt;/em&gt;, pero si dicen /a'de.kwa/, deben escribir &lt;em&gt;adecua&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué existen dos formas?  Buena pregunta.  Pero podemos ver poco a poco la entrada de una vacilación parecida con los verbos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; y quizás los de &lt;em&gt;-uar&lt;/em&gt; tuvieron un proceso parecido.    En algunas zonas, aquella terminación se ha convertido en &lt;em&gt;iar&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual también ha implicado una modificación en cuál es la sílaba tónica.  Así es posible escuchar &lt;em&gt;yo pasio&lt;/em&gt; /'pa.sjo/ en vez de &lt;em&gt;yo paseo&lt;/em&gt; /pa'se.o/.  De momento, mientras la ASALE reconoce la existencia del cambio, no recomienda ninguna modificación en lo escrito (que no obligaría ningún tilde, ya que la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, siendo vocal fuerte, toma el lugar de una hipotética &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt;).  Pero podemos imaginar un futuro en el cual se aceptan las dos formas e igual es posible que algunas palabras, por una razón u otra, no adopten el cambio, dejándonos con una situación parecida a los verbos en &lt;em&gt;-uar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=adecuar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=adecuar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T02:52:12.653" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T02:52:12.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25954" CreationDate="2018-04-24T06:00:35.340" Score="7" ViewCount="2741" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish is apparently like English in that there are a multitude of words for horses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, we have &quot;colt&quot;, &quot;equine&quot;, &quot;filly&quot; (female), &quot;horse&quot;, &quot;mare&quot; (female), &quot;mount&quot;, &quot;stallion&quot; (male), and &quot;steed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, I've found &quot;caballo&quot;, &quot;corcel&quot;, &quot;equino&quot;, &quot;montura&quot;, &quot;padrillo&quot; (male), &quot;protranco&quot;, &quot;potro&quot;, &quot;semental&quot; (male), and &quot;yegua&quot; (female).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The clearly gendered terms aside, my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Which of the remaining terms allow gendered forms? Can I use &quot;caballa&quot;/&quot;caballo&quot;, &quot;equina&quot;/&quot;equino&quot;, &quot;montura&quot;/&quot;monturo&quot;, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Which of the remaining terms allow gendered articles? Can I use &quot;el caballo&quot;/&quot;la caballo&quot;, &quot;el corcel&quot;/&quot;la corcel&quot;, &quot;el equino&quot;/&quot;la equino&quot;, &quot;el montura&quot;/&quot;la montura&quot;, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If SpanishDict is any indication, &quot;potra&quot;, &quot;potranca&quot;, &quot;potro&quot;, and &quot;potranco&quot; are all valid terms, so I guess they don't need any explanation; see  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/potro&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/potro&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/potranco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/potranco&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen indications that terms like &quot;caballa&quot; are never valid (to refer to a horse, not a fish) in any circumstance, however, and it's not clear to me whether I can still use &quot;la caballo&quot; if that's the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18726" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T23:04:39.380" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T23:04:39.380" Title="What are the gendered words for horse?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25953" CreationDate="2018-04-24T06:33:10.450" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this kind of questions, I suggest you check the words in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's dictionary&lt;/a&gt;. There you can check if the words you mention: just see if the definition is preceded by an &quot;m&quot;, and &quot;f&quot; or &quot;m y f&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is preceded by &quot;m&quot;, you must use &quot;el&quot; before.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is preceded by &quot;f&quot;, you must use &quot;la&quot; before.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is preceded by &quot;m y f&quot;, you can use either.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the definition contains a word in the form &quot;blanco, a&quot;, you can use either but you need to change the word accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this refers to the gender &lt;strong&gt;of the word&lt;/strong&gt;. This does not mean that the word must be applied to a male horse if the word has a masculine gender. Remember that in Spanish words have gender while animals (or people) have sex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, the most common words for a horse are &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6OPHOdx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;caballo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for a male horse (or if you do not know or do not want to state the sex of the horse) and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cAUdTlR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;yegua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for a female horse. Note that every definition for &lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt; is preceded by &quot;m&quot; so the word must be used like this: &quot;el caballo&quot;. But in yegua you can see that some definitions are preceded by &quot;f&quot; and others by &quot;m&quot;, so the word acquires different meanings: if you say &quot;la yegua&quot; you refer to a female horse. If you say &quot;el yegua&quot; you may refer to a homosexual man in Cuba or a stupid person in a bunch of other American countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's check some other words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ap8Y9rx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corcel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a masculine word. You must always say &quot;el corcel&quot; regardless of the sex of the horse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FzuRaZF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Equino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; as a noun is a masculine word. Same comment as before. Note that it can also be an adjective (first meaning starting with &quot;adj&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pkuo735&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Montura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a feminine word. You must always say &quot;la montura&quot; regardless of the sex of the animal you are mounting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tsc5MxG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Potro, tra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; can be used both in masculine and feminine form, so you can adapt the word according to the sex of the horse. The same goes for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TsK5JsK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;potranco, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine that you get the grasp of it by now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T06:33:10.450" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25946" CreationDate="2018-04-24T08:39:09.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;212 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi casa, su ventana y mi ropa es azul. Las calles, los árboles mi&#xA;novia, Mi Corvette, lo que pienso y digo y mi sentimientos tambien lo&#xA;son.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy azul da ba dee da ba daa Da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa,&#xA;da ba dee da ba daa Da ba dee da ba daa, da ba dee da ba daa, da ba&#xA;dee da ba daa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T12:09:06.093" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-24T08:39:09.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25946" CreationDate="2018-04-24T08:57:01.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;20 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo todo azul: depresión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tipo dice que las cosas son azules, no importa mucho qué cosas sean ya que podemos interpretarlo como una metáfora de la tristeza que siente así que ve todo lo que le rodea con un tinte azul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T11:42:52.087" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-24T08:57:01.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25950" CreationDate="2018-04-24T12:05:42.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One expression that comes into my mind is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7lOZBpg#0nPqYYH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quemar el último cartucho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Emplear el último recurso en casos apurados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It literally means that you used all the available ammunition trying to achieve something. So the example you proposed could be translated like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quemó hasta el último cartucho tratando de animarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see in examples in the CORDE and CREA corpora that the expression is most used when talking about real fights, wars, battles, but also figuratively. So you can consider that your wife in the example did fight a battle against your mood and use the expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T12:30:16.723" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T12:30:16.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25950" CreationDate="2018-04-24T13:24:59.260" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone puts all the effort to accomplishing something we use the frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner/tirar toda la carne en el asador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It literally means &quot;to put all the beef on the grill&quot; but colloquially means that the person put everything he had to achieve something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case we could say &quot;Ella estaba tratando de animarme y &lt;strong&gt;puso toda la carne en el asador&lt;/strong&gt; para lograrlo&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A reference to this is &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3620/qu%C3%A9-significa-la-expresi%C3%B3n-echar-toda-la-carne-al-asador&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; on this same site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me &lt;strong&gt;quemar el ultimo cartucho&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;hacer el ultimo esfuerzo / to make the last effort&lt;/strong&gt; meaning that you tried and tried and tried to your last effort while &lt;strong&gt;&quot;poner toda la carne en el asador&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means that from the beginning you &lt;em&gt;put it all in,&lt;/em&gt; to get to the objective, so I think it is a better translation to &quot;pulled out all the stops&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T13:45:23.723" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T13:45:23.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8604" CreationDate="2018-04-24T22:07:55.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hola estas palabras son muy típicas de mi ciudad Pasto en Colombia, nuestro país tiene diversos regionalismos con diferentes palabras dependiendo del departamento o región del país a la que visites Pasto capital de Nariño es rica en este tipo de palabras Achichai es utilizada como una expresión por ejemplo si hace mucho frío exclamas !Achichai! Y así mismo sucede con achicuca en caso de mucho calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19303" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T22:07:55.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25946" CreationDate="2018-04-25T02:26:32.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;61 char&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Azul? Mi lar, ventana, vestir, amor, auto, mi ser, flora y calle&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dabadí dabadá (bis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lar por house, auto por Corvette, Mi ser por the words I say and what I think (...) the feelings that live inside me (...) I'm blue (mi ser incluye mis pensamientos, sentimientos, hablar y a mi, so pena de entrar en debates ontológicos), amor por girlfriend, calle por people y street (acepciones 1 y 6 DLE), y bis para la repetición del dabadí dabadá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquier duda o cambio a pedir, comentar por favor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T01:32:25.913" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T01:32:25.913" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-04-25T02:26:32.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25971" CreationDate="2018-04-25T06:30:10.837" Score="4" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta el siglo XVI el idioma español aún tenía la confusión entre las letras &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;. Véase como ejemplo el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, que usa &lt;em&gt;u/v/V&lt;/em&gt; indistintamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;V. Esta letra V, aunque es vocal, muchas vezes se conuierte en consonãte, y otras pierde la fuerça de letra, quãdo se sigue despues de la q o la g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho muchas veces no me aparece una palabra que busco en el diccionario de Covarrubias sencillamente porque no la he escrito como se esperaba (ejemplo: para buscar la definición de &quot;tu&quot; hay que buscar &quot;tv&quot;). Así, encontramos palabras como &lt;em&gt;Guadalquiui&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estuuo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vnos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vieja&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; ya distingue entre ambas. Sobre la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; dice que se escribe, &quot;para diferenciarla de la consonante, más abierta por arriba, y redonda por abajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba preguntándome si esta confusión se ha mantenido de alguna forma en alguna palabra, abreviatura, sigla, lo que sea, en el español actual. En un principio pensé en la abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, que se acepta que sea &lt;em&gt;vd&lt;/em&gt;, aunque no lo tengo claro porque hay quien afirma que la &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; procede de cuando se decía &lt;em&gt;vusted&lt;/em&gt;, y a fin de cuentas la &lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt; en el siglo XVII era abreviatura de &lt;em&gt;vuestra&lt;/em&gt; (como en &lt;em&gt;V.M. = Vuestra Merced&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿existe hoy día alguna reminiscencia de la confusión &lt;em&gt;u/v&lt;/em&gt; de la Edad Media?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T14:44:50.387" Title="¿Existe alguna reminiscencia en el español actual de la confusión &quot;u/v&quot; de la Edad Media?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15147" CreationDate="2018-04-25T07:01:50.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta requiere que le echemos un vistazo al NTLLE, dado que &lt;em&gt;merced&lt;/em&gt; no es un término que se use mucho hoy día precisamente, aunque sí que se usaba en el siglo XVII y anteriores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, viajemos atrás en el tiempo y veamos qué dice el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MERCED. En su riguroso significado, vale el prémio ù galardón que se da por el trabajo, especialmente al jornalero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Significa también dádiva o gracia que los Reyes hacen à sus vasallos, de empleos, dignidades, rentas, &amp;amp;c.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por ampliación significa qualquier beneficio gracioso que se hace à otro, aunque sea de igual à igual. &lt;em&gt;Yo à lo menos (dixo entonces el Rustico) a la mercéd que me has hecho estare eternamente agradecido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vale assimismo voluntád ò arbitrio de otro. &lt;em&gt;No osaron mas los Moros juntarse: todo era huir, y darse a mercéd del vencedor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tratamiento o titulo de cortesia, que se usa con aquellos que no tienen titulo ù grado por donde les toque la Señoria. &lt;em&gt;Y se acabe la carta, diciendo, Dios guarde a Vueseñoria, ò a vuessa mercéd, o Dios os guarde.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese esta última definición, que es la que da origen al actual &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, dado que implica que se usa para aquellos que no alcanzan determinado grado en la escala social. Según esta definición, &lt;em&gt;merced&lt;/em&gt; es un tratamiento de cortesía sin especial significado, que sería el usado en tu segundo ejemplo (&lt;em&gt;no hay nadie tan fuerte como vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt;). Sin embargo, en el primero ejemplo (&lt;em&gt;que se haga vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt;) el significado es más bien el de &quot;voluntad o arbitrio de otro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si vamos más atrás, Covarrubias dice (texto adaptado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MERCED, en su genuina significación vale galardón de lo que a uno se le debe por su trabajo: y así llamamos mercenarios a los jornaleros. [...] Merced es una cortesía usada particularmente en España, como en Italia la Señoría, que es común a cualquier hombre honrado [...], que por ser persona que merece ser honrada, la llamamos merced. Mercedes las gracias y las dádivas que los Príncipes hacen a sus vasallos, y las que los señores hacen a sus criados y a otras personas. Finalmente cosa que se da graciosa, se recibe por merced. [...] Darse a merced, es ponerse en manos del enemigo para que él haga su voluntad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve en el &lt;em&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/em&gt; ya el uso como tratamiento de cortesía usado para cualquier hombre honrado. También el de sinónimo de &quot;voluntad&quot; en la expresión &lt;em&gt;darse a merced&lt;/em&gt;. Y me ha encantado descubrir que &lt;em&gt;mercenario&lt;/em&gt; es aquel que trabaja &quot;para conseguir mercedes&quot; en su sentido original: premio que se da por el trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, los usos más comunes de &lt;em&gt;merced&lt;/em&gt; se pueden ver en las siguientes traducciones al inglés del término en un diccionario de 1591:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Merced, &lt;em&gt;curtesie, worship, pleasure&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T09:52:04.700" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T09:52:04.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25965" CreationDate="2018-04-25T07:42:16.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que te refieres a algún caso en el que escribamos V y pronunciemos U, o viceversa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/abreviaturas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lista de abreviaturas del DPD&lt;/a&gt; aparecen algunos ejemplos que creo podemos considerar válidos para lo que preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;., &lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;d.: &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;ds.: &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;stedes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;. I.: &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sía ilustrísima&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los considero válidos precisamente porque, viniendo esa V de &quot;Vuestra&quot;, son el mejor ejemplo de algo que era una V y se ha confundido con una U.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a palabras completas, casi todas parecen ser variaciones del mismo error: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;cé, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;ced, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sarcé, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sarced&lt;/em&gt;, así como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sted&lt;/em&gt; y derivadas, vienen todas de «&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;uestra merced»; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sía, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;señoría, &lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;siría&lt;/em&gt; vienen de «&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;uestra señoría» o, más probablemente, de la incorrecta lectura de «&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;. Señoría» como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt; señoría&quot;; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;cencia&lt;/em&gt; de «&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;uestra excelencia»; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;sencia&lt;/em&gt; de «&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;uestra reverencia».  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede argumentar que no son confusiones sino evoluciones normales de la pronunciación de estas palabras, que de por sí incluían una U tras la V inicial; pero opino que en el mantener la V donde se pronunciaba una U es donde radica y se revela la confusión (más descarada si cabe en el caso de las abreviaturas, o en el de &lt;em&gt;useñoría&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo demás, tras cerca de 300 años teniendo clara la diferencia entre U y V (en grafía y pronunciación), es normal que sea difícil encontrar alguna palabra aparte de las anteriores &lt;em&gt;donde la confusión venga del español de la Edad Media&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sí que podríamos encontrar, seguramente, palabras importadas de otros idiomas, que en español se escriban con U aunque en su idioma original se escriban con V; pero esa búsqueda correspondería a otra pregunta :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:43:48.480" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:43:48.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25965" CreationDate="2018-04-25T10:10:26.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que buscas parejas de palabras como &lt;em&gt;meva/meua, teva/teua, seva/seua&lt;/em&gt; en catalán/valenciano, pero no creo que hayan ejemplos así en el castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más cerca en que puedo pensar son palabras así, que no tienen dos formas por una confusión de pronunciar a una ortografía ambigua, sino han sufrido un cambio de sonido natural, y por lo tanto, la ortografía ha cambiado. Algunos de estos sí tienen formas cognadas que consirven este sonido (nota: unos son dobletes cultos prestados del latín):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;p → w&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;capitālem &gt; cabdal &gt; caudal (capital)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baptistam &gt; ... &gt; bautista (baptista)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b → w&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dēbitam &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BttTijX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;debda&lt;/a&gt; &gt; deuda (debido)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;absentis &gt; ausente &gt; ausentismo (absentismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b → w → Ø&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dubitāre &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EDikZAl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dubdar&lt;/a&gt; &gt; dudar (dubio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cubitum &gt; cobdo &gt; codo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T14:44:50.387" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T14:44:50.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25973" CreationDate="2018-04-25T10:40:36.413" Score="2" ViewCount="1717" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to describe a situation to my Spanish-speaking mother about how a friend of mine, who works with foster children, is required to report anything that was witnessed as abuse or neglect to a supervisor or the police, depending on whether the person was a child or adult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18958" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T01:39:00.657" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T01:39:00.657" Title="Is there a Spanish term for a 'mandated reporter'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;interpretación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25969" CreationDate="2018-04-25T11:18:39.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google Translate's choice for &lt;em&gt;mandated reporter&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;reportero obligatorio&lt;/em&gt;, which sounds terrible for me. Maybe &lt;em&gt;informante obligatorio&lt;/em&gt; could sound better but I personally recommend to use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi posición/trabajo/situación [como padre de acogida/persona que trabaja con niños de acogida/profesor/psicólogo/whatever] &lt;strong&gt;me obliga a informar&lt;/strong&gt; de los abusos y neglicencias [a la autoridad competente].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you just can't find a proper noun in Spanish that translates a term in English, but you can always describe the situation and translate that description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option could be just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy obligado a informar&lt;/strong&gt; de los abusos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo la &lt;strong&gt;obligación de dar parte&lt;/strong&gt; de los abusos a la autoridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T12:35:10.703" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T12:35:10.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25965" CreationDate="2018-04-25T14:48:19.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy nada seguro, probablemente algún experto me va a corregir, pero veo que en numerosos documentos antiguos (no sé si medievales) se escribe &lt;strong&gt;cibdad&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;civdad&lt;/strong&gt; lo que actualmente escribimos &lt;strong&gt;ciudad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que en el origen está la palabra latina &lt;strong&gt;civis&lt;/strong&gt;, y considerando que la confusión de cibdad/civdad es consonántica, supongo que nuestra actual vocal &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; pudo surgir de -o al menos apoyarse en- la confusión ortográfica u/v.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T14:48:19.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18644" CreationDate="2018-04-25T19:03:30.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se cena después de cenar (cenar por segunda vez), según la RAE se dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cHoQfnR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;zahorar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. intr. desus. Sobrecenar, cenar por segunda vez, a deshora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19308" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T15:18:45.810" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T15:18:45.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25969" CreationDate="2018-04-25T19:17:59.067" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish term used within the US is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;denunciante obligatorio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. See for instance these links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mandatedreporterca.com/training/spgeneraltraining.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;California mandated reporter training child abuse&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Bienvenidos al Entrenamiento de &lt;strong&gt;Denunciante Obligatorio&lt;/strong&gt; de Abuso de Menores – California.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.justicecenter.ny.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Reporting%20Requirements%20for%20Custodians_V2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Denuncias obligatorias - NYS Justice Center&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Además, la Ley de Protección de Personas con Necesidades Especiales identifica a determinadas personas que se definen como &lt;strong&gt;denunciantes obligatorios&lt;/strong&gt;, y les exige a estas personas que denuncien los incidentes que afecten a personas vulnerables ante el Registro Central de Personas Vulnerables (Vulnerable Persons Central Register, VPCR) del Centro de Justicia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://threadalaska.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=calendar.catalog_class&amp;amp;classid=856&amp;amp;typeid=17&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;thread Alaska&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Los proveedores de cuidado de niños están obligados a reportar de abuso y negligencia infantil en el estado de Alaska. Esta formación le ayudará a entender sus responsabilidades como &lt;strong&gt;denunciante obligatorio&lt;/strong&gt; [...]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also take a look at these bilingual &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sccoe.org/depts/esb/parent/Conference%20Series%20and%20Workshops%2020122013/Child%20Abuse%20Reporting%20SPAN%20ENG%20January%202012.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Child Abuse Reporting&lt;/a&gt; slides.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T19:17:59.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25977" CreationDate="2018-04-25T23:41:19.280" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero mi pregunta en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué es &quot;juego de las formas&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I can figure something out through context, but this one has me a bit stumped.  I thought for sure I'd see an entry for this over on WordReference, but if there is, I didn't see it, so I decided to post a question about it here.  I came across the phrase in the following video:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/paraisos-cercanos/paraisos-cercanos-seychelles-naturaleza-quietud/3302958/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paraísos cercanos - Seychelles, naturaleza y quietud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at minute 3:36.  I get the feeling, after looking at several web pages, that it refers to something specific, but nothing with any precision or consistency has really jumped out at me (at least not any that seem to make sense for this video).  Anyone happen to know?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detalles en español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente puedo averiguar algo a través del contexto, pero ésta me tiene un poco confundida.  Estaba segura que vería un artículo para ésta en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?forumtitles=1&amp;amp;spen=juego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero si hay, no lo vi, así que decidí publicar una pregunta en ello aquí.  Me topé con la frase en el siguiente vídeo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse el enlace arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en el minuto 3:36. Tengo la sensación, después de mirar varias páginas web, que se refiere a algo específico, pero realmente, nada con precisión o coherencia me llamó la atención (al menos nada que parece tener sentido para este vídeo).  ¿Alguien sabe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T23:46:28.087" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T01:19:02.500" Title="What is &quot;juego de las formas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25974" CreationDate="2018-04-26T00:37:19.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key word here is 'juego'. In this context it means 'fun activity'. It's referring to an activity consisting of drawing/sculpting shapes on the sand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Jugamos al juego de las formas?&#xA;¿Jugamos al juego de los saltos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="918" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T00:37:19.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25920" CreationDate="2018-04-26T01:05:17.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing special about it. In English you use -ly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuertemente -&gt; strongly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rápidamente -&gt; rapidly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suavemente  -&gt; softly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ferozmente  -&gt; fiercely&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usualmente  -&gt; usually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cálidamente -&gt; warmly?,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fríamente   -&gt; coldly,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inteligentemente -&gt; inteligently,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;silenciosamente -&gt; silently&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="918" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T01:05:17.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25974" CreationDate="2018-04-26T01:19:02.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't seem to have a particular or idiomatic meaning. Note that &lt;em&gt;juego&lt;/em&gt; can mean &quot;game&quot;, &quot;play&quot; and &quot;interplay, coordinated movement&quot; (see the DLE: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MaS6XPk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;juego&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, entry #12) . The verb &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt; is similarly polysemic; in English it can mean: &quot;to play (with something)&quot;, &quot;to toy (with something)&quot;, &quot;to play (a game)&quot;, &quot;to have fun (with)&quot;, &quot;to play around (with several items)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;el juego de las formas&lt;/em&gt; can mean a game that is played with shapes (sculpting shapes in the sand, maybe) but it can also refer to a play (or an interplay) of shapes. This makes sense if you're talking about a landscape (with waves and dunes and mountains), as it would also make sense if you were referring to a picture with many geometric elements, for example. This meaning is more commonly found in phrases like &lt;em&gt;«el juego de luz y sombra»&lt;/em&gt;, which means the interplay of light and shadow (e.g. in a building).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T01:19:02.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25920" CreationDate="2018-04-26T06:03:04.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen tantos adverbios acabados en &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; sencillamente porque fue la opción que triunfó entre las muchas posibles que tenía el latín de crear adverbios. Lo explica la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE en su &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=hGWoovHsJXXZHfIT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafo 7.14a&lt;/a&gt; (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El latín formó numerosos adverbios a partir de adjetivos con los sufijos &lt;em&gt;-ter&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;brevĭter, dulcĭter, prudenter&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;-ē&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;amīce, alte, longe&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;-im&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;certatim, cursim, privātim&lt;/em&gt;) y algunos otros. Ninguno de ellos pasó a las lenguas romances, con la posible excepción de &lt;em&gt;inclusīve&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;exclusīve&lt;/em&gt;. Creó, además, adverbios mediante la recategorización de adjetivos de género neutro en acusativo (&lt;em&gt;multum&lt;/em&gt; 'mucho' o facĭle 'fácilmente') o ablativo (*merĭto 'con razón', 'merecidamente'; &lt;em&gt;raro&lt;/em&gt; 'raramente'). También originó expresiones adverbiales perifrásticas a partir del ablativo de los sustantivos &lt;em&gt;opus, -ěris&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;magnopěre&lt;/em&gt; 'en gran medida'; &lt;em&gt;quantopěre&lt;/em&gt; 'en qué medida'); &lt;em&gt;vĭa&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;qua vĭa&lt;/em&gt; 'cómo, en qué forma'), aún presente en la etimología del adverbio español &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;modus&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;onmimŏdo&lt;/em&gt; 'de todas las maneras'; &lt;em&gt;quamŏdo&lt;/em&gt; 'cómo', &lt;em&gt;solummŏdo&lt;/em&gt; 'solo, únicamente'); &lt;em&gt;ratio&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ea ratiōne&lt;/em&gt; 'por este motivo') y otros sustantivos. &lt;strong&gt;Sobresale entre todos ellos &lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;, ablativo de &lt;em&gt;mens, mentis&lt;/em&gt;, que no significaba solo 'mente, pensamiento', sino también 'ánimo, intención'. Esta última opción triunfó sobre las demás formas analíticas en el latín tardío y se extendió como sufijo adverbial característico a las lenguas romances.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí se extrae que ya durante el latín tardío se produjo una simplificación de todas las mencionadas maneras de formar adverbios del latín clásico (aplicando al lenguaje el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principio_KISS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;principio KISS&lt;/a&gt;), por lo que en los primeros compases de lo que hoy consideramos el idioma español ya era la única forma productiva de crear adverbios a partir de adjetivos. De ahí que abunden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T06:03:04.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25980" CreationDate="2018-04-26T07:46:07.090" Score="8" ViewCount="3965" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an English saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_life_gives_you_lemons,_make_lemonade&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, it is said &quot;to encourage optimism and a positive can-do attitude in the face of adversity or misfortune&quot;. This seems to be a phrase that has been translated to Spanish literally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When searching for &quot;cuando la vida te da limones&quot; (including the quote marks), Google returns 97000 results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When searching for &quot;si la vida te da limones&quot; (including the quote marks), Google returns 465000 results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, I am trying to find a similar proverbial phrase that existed before in Spanish with the same sense. So far I can only think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner a mal tiempo buena cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as in the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Allá en el Vivero los convidados habían puesto a mal tiempo buena cara, y mientras en el palacio viejo [...] jugaban al tresillo a primera hora y más tarde al monte, [...] en la casa nueva todas las damas y los caballeros que habían querido correr por los prados en la romería, procuraban divertirse como podían y se bailaba, se tocaba el piano, se cantaba y se jugaba al escondite por toda la casa. (&lt;em&gt;La Regenta&lt;/em&gt;, Leopoldo Alas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is this the most suitable Spanish proverb that conveys the same meaning as the English phrase? Are there any differences in their meanings or use? Are there any other options to adapt the English saying? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T03:52:52.357" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T10:12:00.517" Title="Spanish version for &quot;when life gives you lemons...&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;&lt;proverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25979" CreationDate="2018-04-26T08:39:31.143" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes use this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la vida te da palos, construye una casa porque oye, ¡son gratis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which can be translated literally to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If life gives you sticks, build a house because hey, they're free!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the &lt;em&gt;palo&lt;/em&gt; word there opens up the phrase to interpretation, because &lt;em&gt;palo&lt;/em&gt; is how you say &lt;em&gt;stick&lt;/em&gt; so &lt;em&gt;dar palos&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;give sticks&lt;/em&gt;. But it can also mean to hit someone (&lt;em&gt;dar de palos/pegar de palos)&lt;/em&gt; or to steal something (usually money) from someone (&lt;em&gt;pegar el palo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, keep in mind that this proverb is an informal one. It is not offensive at all, but it is rarelly used in a formal context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answering your question, I would say &lt;em&gt;Poner al mal tiempo buena cara&lt;/em&gt; or simply &lt;em&gt;Al mal tiempo, buena cara&lt;/em&gt; would be the best alternative for you to choose from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19311" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T08:39:31.143" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19505" CreationDate="2018-04-26T11:03:26.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces (aunque depende siempre del contexto), cuando veo este adjetivo inglés me sale traducirlo utilizando la expresión &quot;dar repelús&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=repel%C3%BAs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repelús&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25981/12991&quot; title=&quot;nombre masculino&quot;&gt;m.&lt;/a&gt; Temor indefinido o repugnancia que inspira algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso existe, en inglés, la cercana expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/give+the+creeps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;to give the creeps&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado una opción que no ha aparecido y que puede ser útil en según qué contextos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=repulsivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repulsivo, va&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25981/12991&quot; title=&quot;adjetivo&quot;&gt;adj.&lt;/a&gt; Que causa repulsión.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=repulsi%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repulsión&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25981/12991&quot; title=&quot;nombre femenino&quot;&gt;f.&lt;/a&gt; Repugnancia, aversión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastEditorUserId="12991" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T11:09:12.727" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T11:09:12.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25988" CreationDate="2018-04-26T11:11:49.110" Score="8" ViewCount="1676" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25965&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Existe alguna reminiscencia en el espa&amp;#241;ol actual de la confusi&amp;#243;n &amp;quot;u/v&amp;quot; de la Edad Media?&lt;/a&gt; y de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25971/13628&quot;&gt;esta su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, me ha surgido una duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomemos dos ejemplos de evolución de palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evolución de &quot;ciudad&quot;: lat. &lt;em&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;ITATEM&lt;/em&gt; → s. IX &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=civitate&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;ITATE&lt;/a&gt; → s. XII &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=cibitat*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;ITATE&lt;/a&gt; → s. XII &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=cibdat&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;DAT&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=cibdad&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;DAD&lt;/a&gt; → s. XV &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=civdad&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;DAD&lt;/a&gt; → hoy CI&lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt;DAD  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evolución de &quot;ausencia&quot;: lat. &lt;em&gt;A&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;SENTIA&lt;/em&gt; → s. XIII &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=absentia&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=1500&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;SENTIA&lt;/a&gt; → s. XIII &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=absencia&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A&lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;SENCIA&lt;/a&gt; → s. XV &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=avsencia&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A&lt;strong&gt;V&lt;/strong&gt;SENCIA&lt;/a&gt; → hoy A&lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt;SENCIA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Da la sensación de que, allá por el s. XIII, la pronunciación de estas palabras era con el sonido /b/. Y ya sabemos que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/446/historical-pronunciation-of-letters-b-and-v&quot;&gt;B y V se pronunciaban igual ya entonces&lt;/a&gt;: /b/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando el DLE para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9NXUyRH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciudad&lt;/a&gt;, por ejemplo, lo único que dice es que viene de &lt;em&gt;civitas&lt;/em&gt;. En ocasiones he visto explicar la evolución &lt;em&gt;civitas&lt;/em&gt; → ciudad basándose en que en latín (y esto es cierto) se pronunciaba con U: &lt;em&gt;kiuitas&lt;/em&gt;; pero &lt;strong&gt;la existencia de esas formas con B me hace pensar que la evolución de estas palabras&lt;/strong&gt; (desde CIVITAS a CIUDAD, o desde ABSENTIA a AUSENCIA; seguro que hay más) &lt;strong&gt;no viene dada por razones fonéticas sino por una cadena de errores&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Primero, &lt;strong&gt;error ortográfico al escribir V en lugar de B&lt;/strong&gt;. Nótese que, en ambos casos, &lt;em&gt;la forma con B es anterior y mucho más extendida que la forma con V&lt;/em&gt;; no puedo más que pensar que las escasas ocurrencias de las arcaicas formas con V eran simples faltas de ortografía.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Posteriormente, &lt;strong&gt;error de confundir V con U&lt;/strong&gt; (harto repetido a lo largo de la historia del español, y que da pie a la pregunta arriba enlazada). Recordemos que &lt;em&gt;la letra U se inventó para diferenciar la &quot;V vocal&quot; de la &quot;V consonante&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, escribiendo la primera más abierta y redondeada. Este cambio tardó siglos en asentarse y es frecuente encontrar en textos antiguos palabras que usan U donde debería poner V y V donde debería poner U. Con tal confusión, no es de extrañar que palabras escritas con V consonante se leyesen a veces como si fuese una V vocal, es decir una U.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es esto correcto? ¿Se da en más casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:48:52.010" LastActivityDate="2019-08-15T08:30:57.663" Title="Paso de B a U: ¿evolución fonética o falta de ortografía?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8799" CreationDate="2018-04-26T11:34:03.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En situaciones como las que describe &lt;em&gt;Charlie&lt;/em&gt;, y desmarcándome también de un verbo en imperativo, se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Toma castaña!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Toma jeroma!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;con su versión extendida&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Toma jeroma, pastillas de goma.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o incluso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cómo te has &lt;em&gt;quedao&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T11:34:03.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25979" CreationDate="2018-04-26T12:54:34.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest that I can think of would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mal tiempo buena cara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that matches the meaning of optimism in the face of adversities that Wikipedia gives to the English proverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Institituto Cervantes &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Ficha.aspx?Par=58092&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gives the description&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede emplear en sentido literal (el tiempo atmosférico) y metafórico. Referido al físico humano, aconseja no hacer notar los gestos que pueden reflejar nuestra decepción ante cualquier suceso. Referido al comportamiento, recomienda mantener el temple y no desanimarse cuando se presentan contrariedades y momentos difíciles, pues, pese a no poder cambiar la situación, se puede cambiar la actitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referido al comportamiento, recomienda mantener el temple y no desanimarse cuando se presentan contrariedades y momentos difíciles, pues, pese a no poder cambiar la situación, se puede cambiar la actitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this one lacks the idea of using adversities to your advantage &lt;code&gt;make lemonade&lt;/code&gt;, so it is not a perfect match. In fact the same Instituto Cervantes &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Ficha.aspx?Par=58092&amp;amp;Lng=9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translates this proverb as&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can't be cured must be endured&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is still the closest equivalent that I can think of (I cannot find any reference to &amp;quot;lemon[s]&amp;quot; in the Instituto Cervantes search).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T13:01:58.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25979" CreationDate="2018-04-26T13:37:16.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phrase we more use here in Venezuela is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la vida te da limones aprende hacer limonada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When life gives you lemons, learn make lemonade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We even have an folklore story. When in the colonial times there was a disease. They take the saint statue  from church and walk it from the street praying from a cure. The statue hit a lemon tree and with the lemons they create the cure for the disease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.radiomundial.com.ve/article/conozca-la-historia-del-nazareno-de-san-pablo-y-el-poema-el-limonero-videofotos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.radiomundial.com.ve/article/conozca-la-historia-del-nazareno-de-san-pablo-y-el-poema-el-limonero-videofotos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Andres Eloy Blanco wrote a poem when some people cut the leamon tree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.poeticous.com/andres-eloy-blanco/el-limonero-del-senor?locale=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.poeticous.com/andres-eloy-blanco/el-limonero-del-senor?locale=es&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6976" LastEditorUserId="6976" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T14:33:11.550" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T14:33:11.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25979" CreationDate="2018-04-26T14:31:41.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't think about a traditional proverb that means the same. As you have say, this one is close:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al mal tiempo, buena cara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this proverb try to encourage to be optimistic when things doesn't go very well, but lacks the part of using what's wrong for your benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proverb you say &quot;When life gives you lemons, make lemonade&quot; is also widely used in Spain as is. I would say it's not a traditional proverb but yes a common one, maybe because of English influence. The translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la vida te da limones, haz limonada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes people also invent their own proverbs, and quite common ones can be these or variants of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la vida te da palos, hazte una cabaña&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;if the life gives you stick, build a cottage&quot;. It's similar to the one of ravasaurio, and as he explains, &quot;palo&quot; means &quot;stick&quot; but also &quot;hit&quot;, so you are using both meanings at the same time: in the first part you use as &quot;hit&quot;, but in the second part you have converted it to its usage as &quot;stick&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other funny proverb that I have heard many times is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la vida te da la espalda, tócale el culo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;if the life turns its back to you, touch its ass&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: googling a bit I have remembered another one that is both traditional and with a meaning closer to your proverb's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se cierra una puerta, se abre una ventana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a door is closed, a window is opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si te cierran la puerta, abre la ventana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they close you the door, open the window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19316" LastEditorUserId="19316" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T14:41:22.063" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T14:41:22.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25982" CreationDate="2018-04-26T16:37:11.403" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar no es estrictamente correcto decir que &quot;B y V se pronuncian /b/&quot;. Las letras &quot;B&quot; y &quot;V&quot; se pronuncian iguales y formalmente se corresponden con el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonema&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fonema&lt;/a&gt; /b/, pero la realización fonética de dicho fonema es variable y de hecho casi nunca es [b], ni lo ha sido históricamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo hacia atrás ahora... En latín había originalmente un sonido escrito &quot;V&quot; que representaba la vocal /u/ en sus dos realizaciones fonéticas, [u] y [w] (es decir, una /u/ semivocálica en diptongo). Más tarde un cambio fonético hizo que se transformara en dos fonemas diferentes. Vale decir, una palabra que fonémicamente era /kui/ era ambigua ya que podía tener un diptongo ascendente [kwi] o uno descendente [kuj] (dejando de lado que en la escritura, en este caso particular, se utilizaba &quot;QV&quot; para [kw], con lo cual era posible distinguir &quot;QVI&quot; y &quot;CVI&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nuevo fonema /w/ era extraño al sistema y en algunos contextos su pronunciación evolucionó a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fricativa_bilabial_sonora&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fricativa bilabial sonora&lt;/a&gt;, [β], emparejándose con /f/ (que muy posiblemente fuera también &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fricativa_bilabial_sorda&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bilabial&lt;/a&gt;, [ɸ]). Los sonidos suelen hacer estas cosas; rara vez se encuentran sonidos &quot;sueltos&quot; con características únicas en un sistema fonético.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado había en latín una /b/ escrita &quot;B&quot;, que con el correr del tiempo empezó a debilitarse entre (y generalmente luego de) vocales y a pronunciarse como fricativa [β]. Ésta fue la primera iteración de un proceso de lenición que después volvió a repetirse en romance (actuando sobre la /b/ producto de la lenición de /p/) al norte de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnea_Massa-Senigallia&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;línea La Spezia-Rímini&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La confusión frecuente entre &quot;B&quot; y &quot;V&quot; en latín aparece documentada por primera vez en el &lt;em&gt;Appendix Probi&lt;/em&gt;, una obra del siglo III o IV E.C. que advierte sobre errores comunes en la escritura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta confusión continuó en romance y es la que aparece en los ejemplos antiguos. No había nadie que estandarizara la ortografía y cada cual escribía como mejor podía. Por otra parte se trata de vacilaciones lógicas, puesto que de hecho &lt;strong&gt;no había dos sonidos diferentes&lt;/strong&gt; que distinguir, sino uno solo. El escriba podía intentar recordar si en latín ese sonido bilabial provenía de /b/ o de /w/, pero si no tenía cómo saberlo, iba y escribía &quot;B&quot; o &quot;V&quot; según su parecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas posiciones /b/ y /w/ no se confundieron (básicamente en inicio de palabra y luego de nasal) y allí el escriba la tendría más fácil. Eventualmente /w/ fue /v/ en casi todas las lenguas romances, pero en castellano las fricativas sonoras se esfumaron y el contraste se perdió también allí. Desde ese momento sólo quedó un sonido, que representamos /b/ porque es la elección más obvia, aunque como ya se dijo antes, muchas veces no se pronuncia [b].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacia el fin de la Edad Media, algunas consonantes que cerraban sílaba comenzaron a ser eliminadas, y la /b/ = [β] que se encontraba en la coda de palabras como &lt;em&gt;absencia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;cibdad&lt;/em&gt; se abrió más todavía y se transformó en una /u/ en diptongo, es decir [w]: &lt;em&gt;ausencia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ciudad&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir: ¡recorrió de vuelta hacia atrás el camino de la /u/ semivocálica latina!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente esta /u/ se escribió como &quot;V&quot;, igual que las otras úes, y siguió escribiéndose &quot;V&quot; en castellano hasta que se introdujo la &quot;U&quot; como letra separada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T7gMm.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T7gMm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Confusión B-V&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría que verificar si hubo de hecho una época en que los escribas castellanos prefirieron usar &quot;B&quot; en vez de &quot;V&quot; para transcribir el sonido /b/ en ciertas posiciones incondicionalmente, sea que fuera etimológicamente correcto (como en &lt;em&gt;absencia&lt;/em&gt;) o no (como en &lt;em&gt;cibdad&lt;/em&gt;). Es posible que así sea y es posible que haya sido una moda y nada más. En todo caso, no es muy plausible que la ortografía influyese en la pronunciación. Aprendemos a hablar antes que a leer y en el siglo XII o XIII la inmensa mayoría de la gente ni siquiera aprendía a leer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: Añado para aclarar fundamentadas dudas del O.P.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cambio fonético sólo se explica a posteriori. Hay varias teorías sobre por qué un sonido cambia en otro pero en realidad no tenemos ninguna certeza. A veces se habla de tendencias, y una tendencia recurrente en la historia del romance es la preferencia por las sílabas abiertas (es decir, terminadas en vocal). Así vemos cómo las consonantes que cerraban sílaba en latín tienden a perderse en romance, empezando por las de final de palabra. Esta tendencia choca repetidamente contra otro cambio que ocurre al mismo tiempo en cierto período, que es la síncopa o elisión de las vocales no acentuadas. En la evolución de CIVITATIS [kiwi'ta:tis] a &lt;em&gt;ciudad&lt;/em&gt; encontramos ambas cosas: se pierde la S final, se sincopa la segunda I, la I final primero se abre y luego (en castellano) se pierde, mientras las dos T se debilitan en D: [kiwi'ta:tis] &gt; [tsiβi'tati] &gt; [tsiβ'dade] (más o menos). Esa [β] = /b/ cerrando sílaba &quot;molestaba&quot;, como hoy nos &quot;molesta&quot; la /s/ que cierra sílaba a muchos hispanohablantes, desde el Río de la Plata hasta Andalucía. Siendo una fricativa bilabial (o quizá incluso una aproximante), una forma sencilla de &quot;desaparecerla&quot; era transformarla en [w], que está fonéticamente hablando muy cerca y de la cual de hecho había derivado el sonido en cuestión. Así se abría la sílaba haciéndola terminar en un diptongo. Donde la vocal anterior era /o/ o /u/, la /b/ directamente desapareció, de ahí &lt;em&gt;codo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;cobdo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; latín &quot;CUBITUM&quot; por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo más arriba que preferir &quot;B&quot; en vez de &quot;V&quot; quizá haya sido una moda. Lo cierto es que estamos aquí hablando de un par de palabras y para investigar esto habría que investigar concienzudamente la frecuencia de una y otra en un corpus grande a lo largo del tiempo. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://ebuah.uah.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/10017/7272/Normalizaci%C3%B3n%20Castellano.pdf?sequence=1&amp;amp;isAllowed=y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;leo&lt;/a&gt;, puede haber ocurrido que al escribir consistentemente &lt;em&gt;cibdad&lt;/em&gt; (en un documento aparece incluso &lt;em&gt;cipdad&lt;/em&gt;) se intentase remarcar la pronunciación más antigua y conservadora (otro ejemplo es &lt;em&gt;capdiello&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;caudiello&lt;/em&gt;, hoy &lt;em&gt;caudillo&lt;/em&gt;). Esto evidentemente no funcionó y finalmente la ortografía se adecuó a la pronunciación real. Y de nuevo: esto puede haber ocurrido en un determinado ámbito (por ejemplo, la corte toledana) y no en otros. Hay que tener en cuenta que hasta el siglo XIII (bajo Fernando III y Alfonso X) no se había decantado ninguna norma de escritura, y no habría una propuesta de ortografía coherente hasta Nebrija (s. XV).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-08-10T22:22:32.363" LastActivityDate="2019-08-10T22:22:32.363" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25989" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-26T19:15:00.467" Score="1" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces me encuentro en la encrucijada de querer escribir algo, pero cuando lo hago trato de buscar que las mismas palabras que utilizo connoten lo que el narrador está sintiendo o trate de narrar algo diferente detrás del significado de sus palabras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún diccionario de significados interpretativos o connotativos, o tengo que remitirme al uso de la interpretación etimológica? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-26T20:31:21.297" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T20:31:21.297" Title="¿Existen los diccionarios connotativos?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-04-27T10:37:12.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25993" CreationDate="2018-04-26T23:41:03.443" Score="3" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following major change in spelling was described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/10328/9385&quot;&gt;one&lt;/a&gt; of our &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/9385&quot;&gt;canonical questions&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2010 Ortografía de la lengua española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Written accents to be used exclusively for phonetics and not semantics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think an example showing a case where the accent didn't get dropped might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;más (= more); mas (= but)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please list some common situations where the accent that was used prior to 2010 should no longer be used, and also list some common situations where it's still needed.  Because I learn best with examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I learned to write Spanish prior to 2010, and am learning to adjust to the 2010 changes with something of a time lag.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T01:26:53.760" Title="What semantic accents did people need to stop using as a result of the 2010 Revision?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="661" CreationDate="2018-04-27T02:28:45.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I support the answer by Alennano.  However, I will write an answer that takes a slightly different point of view, intended to be especially practical and useful for a Spanish learner or a heritage speaker who is unsure about written accent marks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;If you are reading written text and would like to know where to put the stress:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rule 1.  If there is a tilde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the stress will go where you see the tilde. &lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;lá&lt;/strong&gt;piz, aca&lt;strong&gt;dé&lt;/strong&gt;mico)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rule 2. If the word has no tilde mark, and it ends in &lt;em&gt;n, s&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vowel&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The stress will go on the second-to-last syllable. &lt;em&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;blan, &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;blas, &lt;strong&gt;ha&lt;/strong&gt;bla, per&lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt;na)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rule 3. If the word has no tilde mark, and it ends in a consonant other than &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The stress will go on the last syllable. &lt;em&gt;(perso&lt;strong&gt;nal&lt;/strong&gt;, ver&lt;strong&gt;dad&lt;/strong&gt;, ha&lt;strong&gt;blar&lt;/strong&gt;, ca&lt;strong&gt;paz&lt;/strong&gt;, do&lt;strong&gt;blez&lt;/strong&gt;, is&lt;strong&gt;lam&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The flip side of the above comes next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;If you would like to write down a word based on how it sounds:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, write the letters of the word.  Then, applying Rules 2 and 3 from above, pronounce what you've written.  If the pronunciation comes out right then you don't need to write an accent mark.  Otherwise, you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For the fine points having to do with diphthongs and semantic differentiation, please see the answer by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/663/11102&quot;&gt;Alennano&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2020-09-08T13:04:13.890" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T13:04:13.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-27T02:55:20.547" Score="2" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned to use &lt;em&gt;surgir&lt;/em&gt; like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han surgido dos pronunciaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here at Spanish Language SE I've seen this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se han surgido dos pronunciaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are both usages correct everywhere?  Is this a regionalism?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T12:24:05.153" Title="Are both usages of *surgir* correct?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25990" CreationDate="2018-04-27T06:29:13.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; was dropped in the words &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;este, ese, aquel&lt;/em&gt; and their feminine and/or plural variants, as you can see in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-adverbio-solo-y-los-pronombres-demostrativos-sin-tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas-linguisticas/preguntas-frecuentes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's FAQ&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ese empleo tradicional de la tilde en el adverbio &lt;em&gt;solo y los pronombres demostrativos&lt;/em&gt; no cumple el requisito fundamental que justifica el uso de la tilde diacrítica, que es el de oponer palabras tónicas o acentuadas a palabras átonas o inacentuadas formalmente idénticas, ya que tanto &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; como los demostrativos son siempre palabras tónicas en cualquiera de sus funciones. Por eso, a partir de ahora se podrá prescindir de la tilde en estas formas incluso en casos de ambigüedad. La recomendación general es, pues, la de no tildar nunca estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first it was decided that you needed the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; only in cases of ambiguity. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro trabaja solo los domingos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you mean that he works only on Sundays, or that he works alone on Sundays? If you mean that he works only on Sundays you needed to write &lt;em&gt;sólo&lt;/em&gt;. But soon after it was decided that you could drop the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; even in such cases and let the context do its work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what is meant by &lt;em&gt;accents to be used exclusively for phonetics and not semantics&lt;/em&gt;: in both cases you pronounce the word &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; the same way. It's not the same with &lt;em&gt;más/mas&lt;/em&gt;, you pronounce them differently depending on the meaning you want to use.  (See &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1855/9385&quot;&gt;Difference between &amp;quot;mas&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;m&amp;#225;s&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué compraron aquéllos libros usados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You needed the &lt;em&gt;tilde&lt;/em&gt; when &lt;em&gt;aquellos&lt;/em&gt; is the subject of the sentence, but you didn't need it otherwise. Now you can just drop it in both cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T01:26:53.760" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T01:26:53.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26008" CreationDate="2018-04-27T11:19:38.020" Score="3" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se le puede llamar a la acción de ser autor intelectual de algo? Por ejemplo, un político de un país extranjero que genera una fuerza/partido político en otro país para aumentar su influencia internacional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T11:42:14.667" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T03:47:02.143" Title="¿Existe un término para la acción de ser autor intelectual de algo?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25994" CreationDate="2018-04-27T11:57:12.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente usamos la expresión &lt;em&gt;estar detrás de&lt;/em&gt; para esta idea. Así podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se cree que Vladímir Putin está detrás de los movimientos secesionistas de Crimea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T11:57:12.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26019" CreationDate="2018-04-27T12:03:32.987" Score="5" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acepción principal de la palabra &lt;em&gt;peña&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario es la de una piedra grande o un monte rocoso. Sin embargo, también usamos esta palabra frecuentemente para hacer referencia a un grupo de personas, normalmente organizadas con fines recreativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He consultado el DLE y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SUo0flu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;da el mismo origen&lt;/a&gt; para los dos grupos de acepciones: el latín &lt;em&gt;pinna&lt;/em&gt;, que parece razonable para el sentido de piedra, pero no veo la relación con el grupo de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cómo se derivó este significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T22:20:20.077" Title="Uso de *peña* como grupo de gente" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25992" CreationDate="2018-04-27T12:24:05.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Charlie, the second is not common in Spain. It sounds wrong but I can not assure 100% that is grammatically wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But let's take a look to the RAE's dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;surgir&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Del lat. surgĕre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho del agua: Surtir, brotar hacia arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Aparecer o &lt;strong&gt;manifestarse&lt;/strong&gt;, brotar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;manifestar&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Declarar, dar a conocer. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Descubrir, poner a la vista. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Exponer públicamente el Santísimo Sacramento a la adoración de los fieles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Poner en libertad y de manifiesto, en virtud del despacho del justicia mayor de Aragón, a quienes imploraban este auxilio para ser&#xA;  juzgados.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prnl&lt;/strong&gt;. Tomar parte en una manifestación pública.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prnl&lt;/strong&gt; denotes that this verb is &lt;strong&gt;pronominal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. verbo que se construye en todas sus formas con pronombres reflexivos átonos que no desempeñan ninguna función sintáctica y que&#xA;  concuerdan con el sujeto; p. ej., me arrepentí, se levantó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &lt;strong&gt;surgir&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; labeled as &lt;strong&gt;pronominal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somehow &quot;se han surgido&quot; sounds redundant to a person from Spain, like &quot;se se han manifestado&quot;. &lt;em&gt;surgir&lt;/em&gt; alone is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;manifestarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T12:24:05.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-27T12:47:25.870" Score="3" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed, in a Chilean speaker, that she palatalised /x/ before /e/ and /i/ (e.g. &lt;em&gt;inteligente&lt;/em&gt; sounding like &lt;code&gt;[inteliˈxʲente]&lt;/code&gt;). According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_Spanish#Phonetics_and_phonology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, this phenomenon is distinctive of Chilean Spanish and extends to /k/, /ɡ/ and &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_chileno#Fon%C3%A9tica_y_fonolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/ɣ/&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;velar&lt;/a&gt; consonants /k/, /ɡ/, and /x/ are fronted or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatalization_(sound_change)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palatalized&lt;/a&gt; before &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_vowel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;front vowels&lt;/a&gt;. Thus, &lt;em&gt;queso&lt;/em&gt; 'cheese', &lt;em&gt;guía&lt;/em&gt; 'guide', and &lt;em&gt;jinete&lt;/em&gt; 'rider/horseman' are pronounced respectively &lt;code&gt;[ˈceːso]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ˈɟi.a]&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;[çiˈn̪eːt̪e]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las plosivas y fricativas velares áfonas y sonoras (/k/, /g/, /x/ y /ɣ/) se transforman en plosivas y fricativas palatales áfonas y sonoras ([c], [ɟ], [ç] y [ʝ], respectivamente) delante de &lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt; e &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«queso»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;['ce.so]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;«guitarra»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[ɟi't̪a.ɹa]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;«jefe»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;['çe.fe]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;«mi guitarra»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[mi.ʝi't̪a.ɹa]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este último caso, la &lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt; intervocálica en las sílabas &lt;em&gt;gue&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gui&lt;/em&gt;, al pronunciarse fuertemente con el paladar, se parece mucho a la &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; común castellana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this phenomenon occur in any other dialects of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-04-15T20:58:37.207" Title="Palatalisation of velar consonants (/k/, /g/, /x/) before front vowels (/e/, /i/)" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-27T13:50:03.707" Score="2" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto esta cita: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Costa Rica existe un tipo de sordera única en el mundo. &lt;strong&gt;Se le conoce&lt;/strong&gt; como la “Sordera de los Monge”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si es posible escribir la segunda oración así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se lo conoce&lt;/strong&gt; como la “Sordera de los Monge”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí la segunda forma tiene más sentido, dado que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conocen el tipo de sordera&lt;/em&gt; como la “Sordera de los Monge”.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → &lt;em&gt;Lo conocen&lt;/em&gt; como la “Sordera de los Monge”.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → &lt;em&gt;Se lo conoce&lt;/em&gt; como la “Sordera de los Monge”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, entiendo que se puede reemplazar 'lo' por 'la' si nos referimos directamente a &quot;la sordera&quot; y no a &quot;el tipo de sordera&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19321" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T21:11:43.133" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T21:11:43.133" Title="Dado &quot;... existe un tipo de sordera (...). Se *le* conoce como X&quot;, ¿podríamos decir &quot;se *lo* conoce&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26013" CreationDate="2018-04-27T13:55:47.300" Score="1" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;To remove the ambiguity of sentences such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;su camisa está aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la camisa de ella está aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this be done for the rest of the subject pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example, rather than &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mi camisa está aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la camisa de yo está aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it sound strange?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that no clarification is needed in such cases but I'm still curious to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T14:35:24.600" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T13:55:30.127" Title="Can *yo* be used to show possession?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26001" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-27T14:49:43.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre el uso y los significados de los símbolos en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T15:58:17.353" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T15:58:17.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26002" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-27T14:49:43.423" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso y los significados de los símbolos en español." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T15:58:34.447" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T15:58:34.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26003" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-27T15:08:53.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la pronunciación de &lt;em&gt;s, c&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; como [θ] (o, más específico, el sibilante dental [s̪̟]), que se encuentra en los dialectos del sur de Andalucía y en algunos dialectos de América Latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T15:58:28.493" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T15:58:28.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26004" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-27T15:08:53.283" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la pronunciación de s, c y z como [θ], que se encuentra en los dialectos del sur de Andalucía." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T15:58:09.000" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T15:58:09.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-27T17:45:27.533" Score="2" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, is it possible to make 'principal' or 'gradual' an adverb without adding &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; at the end?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19291" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T05:34:03.253" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T05:34:03.253" Title="In Spanish, is it possible to make 'principal' or 'gradual' an adverb without adding &quot;-mente&quot; at the end?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25994" CreationDate="2018-04-27T18:12:56.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de barajar varias opciones, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ULyG6Yb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;promover&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Impulsar el desarrollo o la realización de algo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IAzM5Tz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fomentar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Excitar, promover, impulsar o proteger algo.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LEsm51s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;incitar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Inducir con fuerza a alguien a una acción. &lt;em&gt;La publicidad nos incita al consumo.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;creo que la más adecuada podría ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ln53CtO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;instigar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Inducir a alguien a una acción, generalmente considerada como negativa.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Instigaron al pueblo a pedir la dimisión del alcalde.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Tramar o preparar con astucia algo.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Una campaña de prensa instigó la caída del Gobierno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19118" LastEditorDisplayName="user19118" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T18:42:32.187" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T18:42:32.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26000" CreationDate="2018-04-27T18:51:56.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't tell you if it is strictly wrong, but I ensure you that in Spain where I live NOBODY would say that, and everybody will think it is wrong. The same for &quot;la camisa de mi&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19316" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T18:51:56.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25994" CreationDate="2018-04-27T19:49:41.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acción que describes puede ser &lt;strong&gt;injerencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ld3rZOs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4.&lt;/a&gt; prnl. Entremeterse, introducirse en una dependencia o negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La persona que ejerce esa &lt;em&gt;injerencia&lt;/em&gt; puede ser llamado &lt;strong&gt;artífice&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3rLvGGi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3.&lt;/a&gt; m. y f. autor (‖ persona que es causa de algo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T22:34:27.960" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T22:34:27.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26005" CreationDate="2018-04-27T20:11:52.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some adjectives can be adverbialized with what today we might call the zero or null suffix, as in &lt;em&gt;rápido&lt;/em&gt;.  But there is a very small, basically fixed number of these, all of which were inherited through Latin's neuter-adjective-as-adverb formation.  But neither &lt;em&gt;principal&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;gradual&lt;/em&gt; are a part of this special group of adjective-adverbs, and therefore must use &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; or other adverbializing structures (such as &lt;em&gt;de forma X&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de modo X&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;en plan X&lt;/em&gt;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T03:15:44.893" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T03:15:44.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26005" CreationDate="2018-04-27T20:24:02.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An easy way to turn adjectives into adverbs without adding &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; is to replace the suffix with its actual meaning, which is &quot;de manera&quot; (or &quot;de modo&quot; or &quot;de forma&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you don't want to say &quot;gradual&lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, you can say &quot;&lt;em&gt;de manera&lt;/em&gt; gradual&quot;. Same for &quot;&lt;em&gt;de modo&lt;/em&gt; principal&quot; for &quot;principal&lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; &quot;&lt;em&gt;de forma&lt;/em&gt; lenta&quot; instead of &quot;lenta&lt;em&gt;mente&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, etc. It's like saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;in a&lt;/em&gt; slow &lt;em&gt;manner&lt;/em&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;slow&lt;em&gt;ly&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you can also use synonym expressions like &quot;poco a poco&quot; instead of &quot;gradualmente&quot;, &quot;sobre todo&quot; in place of &quot;principalmente&quot; and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T06:59:46.673" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T06:59:46.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22972" CreationDate="2018-04-28T02:40:14.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando el diccionario, se me presentó una respuesta autorreferente... se me vino una &lt;em&gt;duda&lt;/em&gt; de como resolver esto y encontré que: (entre paréntesis, la acepción utilizada, en caso vacío es definición única)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EER7LDR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;duda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (2): Vacilación del ánimo respecto a las creencias religiosas.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bEbtQdr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vacilación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (2): Perplejidad, irresolución&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M8jchvY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Irresolución&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Falta de resolución&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WB9Lgi3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resolución&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1): Acción y efecto de resolver o resolverse.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WBV06OC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resolver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1):  Solucionar un problema, una &lt;em&gt;duda&lt;/em&gt;, una dificultad o algo que los entraña&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, es un paso más corto del ejemplo original, pero por otra acepción, si bien es algo más forzado (teniendo en cuenta que si se toma el camino por otras palabras o se pierde el ciclo o se llega más rápido a la duda):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EER7LDR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;duda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1): Suspensión o indeterminación del ánimo entre dos juicios o dos decisiones, o bien acerca de un hecho o una noticia.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LNGJ92B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Indeterminación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Falta de determinación en algo, o de resolución en alguien.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DaCIU9c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Determinación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1): Acción y efecto de determinar o determinarse.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DaOWspV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Determinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1): Decidir algo, despejar la incertidumbre sobre ello.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BwLsxjt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Incertidumbre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Falta de certidumbre&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8OPyHv5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Certidumbre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;(1): Certeza&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8OPnJP9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Certeza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Conocimiento seguro y claro de algo&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XTrgHXd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seguro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;(2): Cierto, indubitable.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Bb7pPO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cierto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;(2):  Conocido como verdadero, seguro, indubitable.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LRLweyz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Indubitable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:  Que no puede dudarse&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EEYGVdk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dudar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1):  Tener &lt;em&gt;duda&lt;/em&gt; sobre algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La última, con 11 palabras conectadas, (teniendo en cuenta que el cierto entra &lt;em&gt;forzado&lt;/em&gt;, pues lo seguro ya es indubitable.... o incluso ya hay resolución en la segunda definición lo que haría el círculo más corto), parece un buen ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T02:57:46.907" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T02:57:46.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26000" CreationDate="2018-04-28T02:49:30.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you can't say that, because it's ungrammatical, and also because it's unnecessary, since the sentence is not ambiguous. &lt;em&gt;Mi camisa&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;my shirt&quot;, no ambiguity possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that you can say &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + pronoun to emphasize the possessor of an item (as in &lt;em&gt;la camisa de ella&lt;/em&gt;), but in fact this is only ever done in the third person, either in the singular or the plural, and in both genders: &lt;em&gt;de él, de ellos, de ella, de ellas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that the full third person personal pronouns are particular in a sense: they are the same when they act as the subject of a sentence and when they act as an object. When following a preposition (like &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;), you have to use pronouns in their object form. Since &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; is the same as a subject and as an object, you don't notice any change here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same happens to the other plural pronoun: &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; also remain the same when following prepositions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the other pronouns are not like this: for example, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; works as a subject, but as an object you must use &lt;em&gt;mí&lt;/em&gt;; and &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; changes to &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt;. So you would never say &lt;em&gt;*de yo&lt;/em&gt;. You could say &lt;em&gt;de mí&lt;/em&gt;, but as I said before, that's never done in this particular sense (when talking of something you possess).⁽¹⁾&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not all that different from English. In English you don't say *&quot;this belongs to I&quot;, but &quot;this belongs to &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, using the object pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; instead of the subject pronoun &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;. Of course, in English you also have different object forms for the third person (&lt;em&gt;him, her, them&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to emphasize possession, outside the third person, you instead use the full possessive pronoun, in the appropriate number and gender: &lt;em&gt;la camisa &lt;strong&gt;mía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also do this in the third person, but not to resolve the ambiguity: instead of &lt;em&gt;la camisa de ella&lt;/em&gt; you can equally well say &lt;em&gt;la camisa &lt;strong&gt;suya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;suya&lt;/em&gt; is totally ambiguous (it might mean &quot;his&quot;, &quot;her&quot; or &quot;their&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;⁽¹⁾ You can say &lt;em&gt;de mí&lt;/em&gt; in other cases (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bMyOgTpAfdofEirf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGLE 18.4&lt;/a&gt;), typically when &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + pronoun is a complement of certain verbs (&lt;em&gt;«¿Te acuerdas de mí?»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«No te alejes de mí.»&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), and also when you want to emphasize even more: &lt;em&gt;de mí mismo&lt;/em&gt;, lit. &quot;of me myself&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T13:55:30.127" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T13:55:30.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26000" CreationDate="2018-04-28T03:03:27.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to speak of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su camisa de ella&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when we want to clarify whose shirt it is, given that &quot;su&quot; is ambiguous without a clear context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this position in the sentence, &quot;ella&quot; is not the subject.  It is an &lt;em&gt;object pronoun&lt;/em&gt; in this case.  What is tricky here for a Spanish learner is that for the feminine third person singular, the object pronoun and the subject pronoun use the &lt;em&gt;same word&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;ella.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of all the object pronouns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él, ella, ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nosotros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vosotros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ellos, ellas, ustedes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, &quot;yo&quot; is not in this list.  Instead, the correct form is &quot;mí.&quot;  Therefore, it is theoretically possible to talk of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la camisa de mí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I haven't off hand been able to come up with a realistic usage of this combination of words, because any attempt to clarify or emphasize that it is &lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt; shirt will look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la camisa mía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at least you now have the correct form, even if it is only academic, and not something that you would use under normal circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T03:03:27.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25994" CreationDate="2018-04-28T03:47:02.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me quedó claro si buscas un verbo o un sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inventar / invento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;descubrir / descubrimiento, hallazgo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fundar / fundación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;proponer / propuesta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sentar las bases [de una teoría] / elaboración [de una teoría]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;establecer / definición (?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto adecuado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dar a luz / incepción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T03:47:02.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26017" CreationDate="2018-04-28T11:01:09.403" Score="2" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish edition of &lt;em&gt;Jurassic Park&lt;/em&gt;, set in Costa Rica, there is mention of a local superstition called a &lt;em&gt;jupia&lt;/em&gt;. I could find no reference to this word on the RAE, Wikipedia, nor in lists of Costa Rican traditional tales. Has anyone heard of this, or was it made up for the book?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DNXYCQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=jupia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relevant section&lt;/a&gt; of the book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué es un raptor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Significa &lt;em&gt;jupia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bobbie frunció el entrecejo: los costarricenses no eran muy supersticiosos, pero ella había oído que en la aldea se hablaba de las jupias. Se decía que eran espectros nocturnos, vampiros sin cara que secuestraban niños pequeños. Según la creencia, las jupias antaño habían vivido en las montañas de Costa Rica, pero ahora habitaban las islas de mar adentro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel retrocedía, murmurando y santiguándose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Este olor no es normal —dijo—. Es la jupia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parque Jurásico&lt;/em&gt;, Michael Crichton (translator &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17838069.Daniel_Yagolkolwski&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Daniel Yagolkolwski&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-28T12:26:51.590" Title="What is a jupia?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;&lt;costa-rica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26016" CreationDate="2018-04-28T11:01:09.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original novel (English) writes this word as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hupia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Taíno culture, the &lt;strong&gt;hupia&lt;/strong&gt; (also &lt;em&gt;opia, opi'a, op'a, operi'to&lt;/em&gt;) is the spirit of a person who has died...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Literary References&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the novel &lt;em&gt;Jurassic Park&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Crichton, hupia are suspected of an attack on an 18-year-old boy working construction of the dinosaur theme park on Isla Nublar. This culprit is later described as a velociraptor. Hupia are also accused of a rash of attacks on infants and other people in rural Costa Rica. They were described as &amp;quot;night ghosts, faceless vampires who kidnapped small children&amp;quot;. Later events showed that the real culprits were Procompsognathuses that had escaped from Isla Nublar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears the translator was not aware that this was in fact &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.taino-tribe.org/tslist-h.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a Taíno word&lt;/a&gt;, and transliterated the presumed English &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/h/&lt;/code&gt; to Spanish &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/h ~ x/&lt;/code&gt; to preserve the pronunciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Since the Taíno people &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Costa_Rica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;were not indigenous to Costa Rica&lt;/a&gt;, the use of this word/superstition appears to be an anatopism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Historical presence of Taíno people&lt;/strong&gt; (islands east of Costa Rica):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VSwo2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VSwo2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locations of the novel&lt;/strong&gt; (west coast and islands west of Costa Rica):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kqke4.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kqke4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T11:01:09.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25999" CreationDate="2018-04-28T17:31:04.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Se le conoce como la “sordera de los Monge”» es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leísmo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; es pronombre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caso_dativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dativo&lt;/a&gt; y en este caso corresponde acusativo, porque la sordera o el tipo de sordera en cuestión son objeto directo del verbo &lt;em&gt;conocer&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Se la conoce como la “sordera de los Monge”» es correcto y la forma más común. Aunque en la oración anterior se hable de un tipo de sordera, «un tipo de» funciona como un simple modificador. Creo que algo similar pasa cuando dudamos del número con que debemos referirnos a «un grupo de personas» (¿decimos «un grupo de personas me esperaba» o «un grupo de personas me esperaba&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;»?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Se lo conoce como la “sordera de los Monge”» también es correcto, si antes hablábamos de «un tipo de sordera», pero por alguna razón no suena del todo bien. Sonaría bien sólo si volviéramos a mencionar explícitamente el referente, diciendo: «A este tipo de sordera se lo conoce como…».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T17:31:04.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25996" CreationDate="2018-04-28T22:13:04.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de consultar algunas fichas del Fichero General, alguna he encontrado que me ha puesto sobre la pista, confirmada después por algunos textos del CORDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1869 se funda en Madrid el círculo social privado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gran_Pe%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Gran Peña&lt;/a&gt;, un conjunto de militares españoles procedentes del Estado Mayor y del cuerpo de Ingenieros que hacían tertulia en el café Suizo madrileño. En 1914 se ocupó un edificio de la Gran Vía como su sede social, inaugurándose en 1916 por los reyes de España. Entre los peñistas más ilustres se han encontrado los políticos como José Canalejas, y José Calvo Sotelo, así como también miembros de la realeza como Alfonso XIII, y desde 1975 Juan Carlos I.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No cuesta trabajo imaginar que a este círculo social se le comenzara a llamar simplemente &quot;la peña&quot;, y por extensión se usara este nombre para designar a cualquier grupo de personas organizado con fines recreativos.  Buscando en la hemeroteca de la BNE se encuentran multitud de casos de &quot;la gran peña&quot; en periódicos haciendo alusión a este círculo, lo que denota su gran importancia dentro de la vida social de la capital española, como en el siguiente ejemplo escrito al poco de su creación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El año último, y bajo el estraño y singular nombre de &lt;em&gt;La Gran Peña&lt;/em&gt;, fundóse una sociedad que alcanza ya desahogada y venturosa existencia. La base de aquella fueron al principio oficiales y jefes de artillería, que abandonaron su antiguo punto de reunión en el café de la Iberia para juntarse en el piso entresuelo de la casa del Suizo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Época (Madrid). 17/12/1869, n.º 6.797, página 4. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sin duda impulsó este uso de la palabra &quot;peña&quot;, que para 1925 había entrado en el diccionario de la RAE de esta forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PEÑA.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Corro o grupo de amigos o camaradas. || &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Nombre que toman algunos círculos de recreo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción hará referencia a los grupos de gente que se reunían como lo hacían los de La Gran Peña, y la segunda deja claro que las propias asociaciones o círculos que promovían estas reuniones se quisieran denominar a sí mismas como la Peña original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que en el periódico citado arriba se cuenta el origen del nombre La Gran Peña:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Espliquemos ahora el origen del titulo &lt;em&gt;La Peña&lt;/em&gt;, que lleva el círculo de la calle de Alcalá.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Si nuestras noticias no son equivocadas, parece que en el colegio de artillería sé llama &lt;em&gt;peña&lt;/em&gt; al alumno de carácter reconcentrado á quien le agradan poco los ruidosos placeres del mundo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Así para designar al que se hallaba en semejante caso, se decía entre los antiguos habitantes del alcázar de Segovia:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Fulano ó Zutano es un &lt;em&gt;peña&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;El apodo hizo fortuna, y se aplicó, no solo á los alumnos de la academia, sino á los oficiales que fuera ya de ella conservaban sus primitivos gustos y aficiones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Poco después dióse el nombre de &lt;em&gt;La peña&lt;/em&gt; al saloncilo del cafe de &lt;em&gt;La Iberia&lt;/em&gt;, donde se reunían invariablemente todas&#xA;  las noches —antes y después del teatro,— los oficiales de artillería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-04-28T22:20:20.077" LastActivityDate="2018-04-28T22:20:20.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25873" CreationDate="2018-04-29T01:21:01.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an example sentence from special education advocacy (something I spend a lot of time thinking about):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They attempted mediation but all they did was talk past each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A translation of this could start with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fueron a la mediación pero...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brainstorming, the continuation could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hacían caso el uno al otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacían caso omiso el uno al otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Era como si no hablaran el mismo idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No ponían atención a lo que el otro decía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se escuchaba el uno al otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada quien hablaba de lo suyo [sin fijarse en lo que decía el otro].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think a simple description might be better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas palabras, poca comunicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho hablar, poco captar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you'd like any of these constructions explained, let me know.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-09-07T00:57:39.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25884" CreationDate="2018-04-29T03:18:45.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additional possibility -- avoid this slightly awkward phrase and use a more natural choice of words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;atardecer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El atardecer fue hermoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;irse la luz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pueden jugar hasta que se vaya la luz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse noche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya se hizo noche. | &lt;em&gt;It's after sunset.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T03:18:45.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25918" CreationDate="2018-04-29T03:30:56.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you do have choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As though it were quantifying something: &lt;em&gt;doscientos cuarenta y cinco&lt;/em&gt; (even though it isn't).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Digit by digit: dos cuatro cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Combination: dos cuarenta y cinco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's no quantified meaning, the most common approach is to use whatever will be succinct (small number of syllables), hence siete-tres-siete vs. Uno-cuarenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus information: if you want to talk about a bus number (bus route), here is what is customary in Mexico at least:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a tomar la Ruta Uno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T03:30:56.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-29T04:04:47.450" Score="3" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Question in English:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the grammatical gender of &amp;quot;archipiélago&amp;quot; is masculine, why do I see so many instances in which it is preceded by a feminine article?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was listening to this video:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/paraisos-cercanos/paraisos-cercanos-seychelles-naturaleza-quietud/3302958/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paraísos cercanos - Seychelles, naturaleza y quietud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when, at about minute 3:05, it sounds as if the narrator is saying &amp;quot;la archipiélago,&amp;quot; which I thought was rather strange since I was sure “archipiélago” was masculine.  (When I slowed down the speed of it, I was convinced that the narrator used &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; before &amp;quot;archipiélago.&amp;quot;)  So, I looked it up in both &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=archipi%C3%A9lago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3Sh18Cn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (RAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Both sources list this noun's gender as masuculine.  Oddly enough, however, a Google search of Spanish pages for &amp;quot;la archipiélago&amp;quot; returned &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?as_q=&amp;amp;as_epq=la+archipi%C3%A9lago&amp;amp;as_oq=&amp;amp;as_eq=&amp;amp;as_nlo=&amp;amp;as_nhi=&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;cr=&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;as_sitesearch=&amp;amp;as_occt=any&amp;amp;safe=images&amp;amp;as_filetype=&amp;amp;as_rights=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4,730 pages.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Granted, this is a paltry sum compared to the million plus pages of &amp;quot;el archipiélago,&amp;quot; but still 4,730 pages is quite a lot.  Is the use of &amp;quot;la archipiélago&amp;quot; incorrect?  Or does the Academy accept both genders even though this is not indicated in the entry for &amp;quot;archipiélago&amp;quot; in its online dictionary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;La pregunta en español:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el género gramatical de &amp;quot;archipiélago&amp;quot; es masculino, ¿por qué veo muchas instancias en que está precedido por el artículo femenino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando este vídeo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/paraisos-cercanos/paraisos-cercanos-seychelles-naturaleza-quietud/3302958/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paraísos cercanos - Seychelles, naturaleza y quietud&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando, alrededor del minuto 3:05, suena como si el narrador dijera “la archipiélago,” que me pareció un poco extraño dado que estaba segura que “archipiélago” era masculino.  (Cuando lo volví a escuchar a menor velocidad, estaba convencida que el narrador había usado &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; antes de &amp;quot;archipiélago&amp;quot;.)  Así que busqué la palabra tanto en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=archipi%C3%A9lago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3Sh18Cn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (RAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Ambas fuentes enumeran el género de este sustantivo como masculino.  Curiosamente, sin embargo, una búsqueda de Google (sólo páginas en español) devolvió &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?as_q=&amp;amp;as_epq=la+archipi%C3%A9lago&amp;amp;as_oq=&amp;amp;as_eq=&amp;amp;as_nlo=&amp;amp;as_nhi=&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;cr=&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;as_sitesearch=&amp;amp;as_occt=any&amp;amp;safe=images&amp;amp;as_filetype=&amp;amp;as_rights=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4,730 páginas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Concedido, ésta es una suma insignificante en comparación con el más del millón de páginas de “el archipiélago,” pero todavía 4,730 páginas es bastante.  ¿Es el uso de “la archipiélago” incorrecto?  O, ¿acepta la RAE ambos géneros aunque esto no se indique en su diccionario en línea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T20:02:57.097" Title="If the grammatical gender of &quot;archipiélago&quot; is masculine, why do I see so many instances in which it is preceded by a feminine article?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26023" CreationDate="2018-04-29T04:55:03.803" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the instances in your Google search are actually correct.  For instance, several refer to a race called &lt;em&gt;la Archipiélago 6.5 Mini&lt;/em&gt;, where there is an understood noun &lt;em&gt;regata&lt;/em&gt;.   Others pull up lists where the &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; is actually in parentheses referring to something else entirely, e.g., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Concepcion (isla de la), archipiélago de las Marianas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the others seem to be over zealous copy and pasting, only using &quot;La archipiélago&quot; in a &quot;see more about la [Archipiélago de X]&quot; where I imagine they copy and pasted the Wiki code for seeing more, and only changed the link and didn't think about the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, there are a handful of examples that aren't so easily explained away.  One could be that someone originally intended to write &quot;la isla&quot; or similar, and ended up changing it to archipiélago and simply failed to update the article.  That could account for some of them but there are still as you say, too many to account for by such effectively random errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there's another explanation.  The most determiners used with &lt;em&gt;archipiélago&lt;/em&gt; are the singular articles, and overwhelmingly in combination with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;.  The &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=del%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Cel%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Bun%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Clos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%2Bunos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%2Beste%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Bese%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Baquel%20archipi%C3%A9lago%2Bestos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%2Besos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%2Baquellos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cdel%20archipi%C3%A9lago%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28el%20archipi%C3%A9lago%20%2B%20un%20archipi%C3%A9lago%29%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%28los%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%20%2B%20unos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%20%2B%20este%20archipi%C3%A9lago%20%2B%20ese%20archipi%C3%A9lago%20%2B%20aquel%20archipi%C3%A9lago%20%2B%20estos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%20%2B%20esos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%20%2B%20aquellos%20archipi%C3%A9lagos%29%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relative frequencies&lt;/a&gt; from Google N-Gram say a lot of this story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HZSnA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HZSnA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Comparison of rates for various forms of archipiélago&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The green is plural articles (los and unos) and all demonstratives (este, estos, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More often than not, if someone says the word &lt;em&gt;archipiélago&lt;/em&gt; it is in the phonetic sequence /de.lar.tʃi'pje.la.go/, and if not, it's probably /u.nar.tʃi'pje.la.go/.  Let's take a look at the beginning of those sequences.  Does /de.lar/ represent &lt;em&gt;de la ar-&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;del ar-&lt;/em&gt;?  Does /u.nar/ represent &lt;em&gt;un ar-&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;una ar-&lt;/em&gt;?  In speech, it's basically ambiguous, and so either some people ultimately internalized it as feminine, or when proofreading, it doesn't &lt;em&gt;sound&lt;/em&gt; wrong so it doesn't catch their attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T12:12:40.350" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T12:12:40.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26027" CreationDate="2018-04-29T08:21:56.863" Score="2" ViewCount="387" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that the definite articles are used instead of possessive pronouns when dealing with body parts unless the sentence is ambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are times when I get confused:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For example, in the following sentence, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Te lavas el pelo.&lt;/em&gt; - You wash your hair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the reflexive pronouns &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; is used because the subject &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; is performing an action on himself/herself (the object &lt;em&gt;el pelo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so when I see a sentences such as,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él bajó la cabeza para orar.&lt;/em&gt; - He bowed his head to pray.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Levanto la mano&lt;/em&gt; - I raise my hand&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel as though it should be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me levanto la mano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the subject &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; is performing an action on himself/herself (the object &lt;em&gt;la mano&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When giving a command the form of the command indicates the possessor as in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Abre los ojos!&lt;/em&gt; - Open your eyes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but how do I give a command to person A, to perform an action for person B? For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Open his eyes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me veo en tus ojos&lt;/em&gt; - I see myself in your eyes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;shouldn't this be written like something more along the lines of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me te veo los ojos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How would I translate the following into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;open your own eyes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;he washes her hands for her. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it &lt;em&gt;&quot;él le lava los manos para ella&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already read the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2593/gram%C3%A1tica-te-veo-los-ojos/13442#13442&quot;&gt;Gramática: “te veo los ojos”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T10:43:55.427" LastActivityDate="2020-02-06T23:10:59.207" Title="Speaking about body parts in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20152" CreationDate="2018-04-29T08:58:53.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El prefijo no es &lt;em&gt;arr-&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a-#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;a-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (de Latín, &lt;em&gt;ad-&lt;/em&gt;). Cuando una palabra que empieza con &lt;em&gt;r-&lt;/em&gt; se convierte en la segunda parte de una palabra compuesta (cuya primera parte termina con una vocal), ortográficamente se cambia a &lt;em&gt;-rr-&lt;/em&gt; para mantener el sonido de &lt;em&gt;erre&lt;/em&gt; (en lugar de &lt;em&gt;ere&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes ver este cambio en estas palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;velocirraptor, virrey, barbirrojo, bajorrelieve, grecorromano, antirreligioso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, como notas, en los verbos compuestos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_con_el_prefijo_a-&amp;amp;pagefrom=afervorizar#mw-pages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;a-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;r...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrebozar, arreglar, arremeter, arrepentirse, arrugar, arruinar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;arramblar (rambla), arriesgar (riesgo), arrinconar (rincón), arrodillar (rodilla)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de otros prefijos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;derramar (ramo), irradiar, irregular, surrealismo&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuente:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/000295/current.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Prefixes in Latin and Romance and the satellite-/verb-framed distinction&lt;/em&gt;*&lt;/a&gt;, Víctor Acedo Matellán&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T09:14:40.367" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T09:14:40.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26025" CreationDate="2018-04-29T09:16:48.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) You only need to add &quot;me&quot; if there's some ambiguity as to whose hand is going up.  Under normal circumstances, you're raising your own hand, and no one's arm is intertwined with yours creating confusion.  Thus we say, in a big committee meeting,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Levanto la mano [para pedir la palabra] | &lt;em&gt;I raise my hand [to get a turn to speak]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if it's a pronominal verb, e.g. &lt;em&gt;lavarse las manos&lt;/em&gt;, then it would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me lavo las manos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you have gotten the pronominal pattern stuck in your ear.  If so, it would be helpful to look at some additional non-pronominal body-part usages, to establish that second pattern.  Here are some: &lt;em&gt;Cierra los ojos y pide un deseo; puedes abrir los ojos ahora; no es cortés poner el codo en la mesa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also possible you are confusing with some other phrases involving &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; that you heard.  Perhaps one of these? &lt;em&gt;Dame la mano | Give me your hand; No me levantes la mano | Don't raise your hand against me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) You will need an indirect object to say &quot;Open his eyes&quot;.  Example in a medical context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ábrele los ojos [al paciente].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &quot;Me veo en tus ojos&quot; is fine as a description of a poetic image.  (It can't be literal, right?  Because someone's eyes don't &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; function as mirrors.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your proposed &quot;Me te veo los ojos&quot; doesn't sound right to my ear.  Here's an intuitive attempt to explain it: Here, both object pronouns would be &lt;em&gt;indirect&lt;/em&gt;; but there can only be one indirect object pronoun in a cluster, because if there were two, the listener wouldn't know which pronoun to connect with which object.  In this case, for example, how would the listener know whether the eyes refer to &quot;me&quot; or &quot;te&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other objection I have to your proposed sentence is that the &quot;en&quot; is gone.  Your sentence no longer conveys the poetical image of the other person's eyes functioning as a quasi-mirror.  It's just an objective description of seeing the person's eyes.  The poetry is gone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Translations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) Ábrete los ojos tú mismo. (I'm assuming you want to convey that the person should  open his eyes without someone else helping him.  Correct me if I misunderstood.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) Almost.  You've made a little mistake with the gender of the article.  Remember that &lt;em&gt;manos&lt;/em&gt; is feminine (irregularly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you fix that article, I would not be very uncomfortable with your proposed sentence; however, I would prefer a tiny change in the preposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él le lava las manos &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por/para explanations have been treated elsewhere and I won't get into a treatise about that here.  However, if the existing Q-As on that topic leave you with some lack of clarity, that would be a great separate question to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T02:58:12.403" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T02:58:12.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-29T09:58:46.020" Score="7" ViewCount="858" Body="&lt;p&gt;I originally encountered the term &quot;codeswitching&quot; as a term to describe how a bilingual person might inadvertently, without noticing, switch from language A to B within a sentence or paragraph, and perhaps at some subsequent point switch back again.  The trigger might be a borrowed word or phrase from the other language, or a name from the other culture, such as &lt;em&gt;George Washington&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Benito Juárez&lt;/em&gt;.  Bilingual families and communities develop their own style of codeswitching.  For example, Tex Mex has fairly well established patterns of codewitching that give this hybrid dialect a distinctive sound, different from the Puerto Rican style of accommodating language fluidity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are specialists who study that.  I will leave the details of that study to those specialists.  Today, I just want to ask my colleagues here how to translate &quot;codeswitching&quot; to Spanish, in other words, how to speak in Spanish about the &lt;em&gt;phenomenon of codeswitching&lt;/em&gt; without having to use a loan word from English.  And first I want to make sure everyone understands what the word means.  Let's take a conversation in Spanish.  Let's say Person A is fully bilingual.  We've all experienced this (although some individuals are more prone to codeswitching than others): Say I'm yakking with someone in Spanish.  I happen to mention an English word or name, and my train veers off the Spanish track over to the English track, where I stay until either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(a) I realize what happened, and awkwardly lift my train up off the English track and carry it back over to the Spanish track; or&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(b) I spend extensive time rolling along that English track with no embarrassment or regret until experiencing another sudden !!Codeswitch!! and I'm back on the Spanish track, where I might or might not realize I've switched trains again....&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, the term goes beyond languages and now extends to dialects, cultural attitudes and beliefs, body language, and political attitudes, beliefs and behaviors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll be happy if you can help me find ways of talking about the simple version -- the linguistic type of codeswitching, in bilingualism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit to add&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the bilingual person, a codeswitch can be embarrassing, if the bilingual person is talking to a monolingual person.  Especially if the bilingual person was assuming the other person had a level of knowledge of the other language that he turns out not to have. (This is not to say that I personally think that anyone who experiences this &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; feel embarrassed or ashamed.  I'm just describing what I've experienced and observed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T14:39:11.963" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T16:50:07.477" Title="How to talk about *codeswitching* in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;bilingüismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26028" CreationDate="2018-04-29T10:02:57.170" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternancia de código&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;cambio de código&lt;/strong&gt; are the linguistic terms used in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por alternancia de código o cambio de código entendemos el empleo alternativo de dos (o más) lenguas o dialectos en un discurso. Dicha alternancia es un fenómeno natural y común entre individuos bilingües, cuya competencia pragmática les permite escoger (incluso de un modo inconsciente) entre uno u otro código, según el interlocutor, la situación, el tema o el propósito de la interacción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/diccio_ele/diccionario/alternanciacodigo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Centro Virtual Cervantes&lt;/em&gt;, Diccionario de términos clave de ELE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T10:02:57.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26030" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-04-29T11:00:44.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For questions about the phenomenon of a speaker alternating between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T13:31:49.017" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T13:31:49.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26031" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-04-29T11:00:44.447" Score="0" Body="For questions about the phenomenon of a speaker alternating between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-29T13:56:16.013" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T13:56:16.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25931" CreationDate="2018-04-29T14:00:32.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before I go through each of your questions, a disclaimer: I came by my Spanish in Mexico and although I do have some friends from other parts of Latin America, I don't have a panoramic view of all Spanish speaking regions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Regarding your example from Duolingo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Bebemos leche nosotras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never checked out Duolingo myself but this sounds contrived.  I could only imagine myself saying this in a beginners' language class, or if I were trying to distinguish among several people sitting at a dining table, and the distinction happened to fall along gender lines.  Even there, I'm not sure my listeners would get what I was trying to do.  To me this sounds just plain awful because it's so hard to imagine a reason here to go against the natural omission of the subject.  (The very formal word &quot;beber&quot; instead of the more natural &quot;tomar&quot; makes it grate on me even more.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if we put some names or descriptions of people in place of the pronoun, then the question is not as bad, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Toman leche tus hijos? (context: I have invited your family to dinner)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, for my regional ear at least, it would be much more natural to use question inflection with this word order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tus hijos toman leche?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) How can the subject be at the end? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I give this deep thought and consider various examples, could you clarify, are you asking in what situations it's allowed to put the subject at the end, or are you saying that your instinct is that it would be weird to put the subject at the end and why did Duolingo do that? (Or something else entirely?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Can I put the subject anywhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In principle, yes, as shown in guifa's answer.  However, in practice, in my experience, we typically start by establishing the who or what we're trying to find out about -- most often the who.  If you've ever been exposed to American Sign Language (ASL), this is analogous to how in ASL you start by setting up your cast of characters with each person occupying a particular position in your signing region, and then it being easy to refer to them briefly as you say various things about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples. In this scenario, I am imagining interviewing an older person such as a mother-in-law (using Ud. because of an age difference and also because that's how she was raised).  when introducing some characters, I'll put them at the beginning to set up my cast:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sus tías en el rancho ¿cómo aprendieron corte y confección? | &lt;em&gt;How did your aunts in the country learn how to make clothes without patterns?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the cast is set, I don't need the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cosían todo a mano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, y cuando se compró la máquina de coser, ¿cómo aprendieron a manejarla y lubricarla, si no sabían leer?  No podían leer el manual, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this stage I can optionally include the aunts as a subject for extra clarity, and as guifa explained, since they're not the main focus of the question.  (I would be rather likely to do this with an older person or a distracted person.)&#xA; They'll typically get tucked into the middle of the question somewhere comfortable.  They could go here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, y cuando se compró la máquina de coser, ¿cómo aprendieron sus tías a manejarla y lubricarla, si no sabían leer?  No podían leer el manual, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bueno, y cuando se compró la máquina de coser, ¿cómo sus tías aprendieron a manejarla y lubricarla, si no sabían leer?  No podían leer el manual, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can go with whichever feels more comfortable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) What are the rules for this? Is it only at the end or after the verb? What if it is not a pronoun but a name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There aren't any hard and fast rules, as guifa explained.  However, the longer the utterance, the less likely I am to put the subject waaay at the end.  As for the fairly strict subject-verb inversion that English has, you can throw that out the window in Spanish.  As a French speaker, I would think it would be an easy transition for you to get used to the &lt;em&gt;subject-verb order with question inflection&lt;/em&gt; approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think pronoun vs. name makes a difference.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Do these work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) ¿Van al parque mañana ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.  But if we need a lot of words to refer to the park, or if the adverb gets long and involved, then putting the subject at the end would become very unlikely, e.g. &lt;em&gt;¿Van al parque mañana después de ir al súper ustedes?&lt;/em&gt;  Yuck.  We would leave out &quot;ustedes&quot; or we'd put it much earlier in the word order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) ¿Van al parque ustedes mañana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is okay but not the most preferred to my ear: &lt;em&gt;¿Van al Parque de los Patos y Gansos mañana ustedes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(c) ¿Quiere venir a la fiesta María?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's okay but most common for my ear is &lt;em&gt;¿María quiere venir a la fiesta?&lt;/em&gt;  (Note, &lt;em&gt;¿Quiere María venir a la fiesta?&lt;/em&gt; is also possible but not the most common.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T14:00:32.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-04-30T00:52:13.287" Score="2" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Quién tú eres?&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¿Quién eres tú?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál debe ser la posición del verbo en esa oración? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19336" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T03:00:55.227" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T03:01:28.980" Title="¿Cuál es el lugar correcto de colocar el verbo: ¿Quién (eres) tú (eres)?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26033" CreationDate="2018-04-30T01:14:06.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas posiciones son perfectamente válidas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, lo más común es simplemente &lt;em&gt;¿Quién eres?&lt;/em&gt;, ya que el verbo nos relata quién es el sujeto.  En el caso de querer darle énfasis, la &lt;em&gt;mayoría&lt;/em&gt; de los hablantes colocarán el verbo antes del sujeto, es decir, &lt;em&gt;¿Quién eres tú?&lt;/em&gt;.  Pero en el Caribe, es común escuchar el verbo pospuesto al sujeto: &lt;em&gt;¿Quién tú eres?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que para muchos hablantes, decir algo como &lt;em&gt;¿Quién tú eres?&lt;/em&gt; te identificaría como un hablante caribeño porque es tan poco extendido en el resto del mundo hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T03:01:28.980" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T03:01:28.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19473" CreationDate="2018-04-30T03:42:18.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guaricha just means mujer in the Muisca language (the one spoken by the aboriginal inhabitants of what is Bogota today.) It was later adopted by the Spaniards as a derogatory term to refer to a woman. By the way, the Muisca term for man is &quot;guache&quot;, which also adopted by the Spaniard to refer a man with bad manners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.civico.com/bogota/noticias/palabras-muiscas-que-usamos-los-bogotanos-sin-saberlo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.civico.com/bogota/noticias/palabras-muiscas-que-usamos-los-bogotanos-sin-saberlo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://muysca.cubun.org/Categor%C3%ADa:Diccionario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://muysca.cubun.org/Categor%C3%ADa:Diccionario&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19339" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T14:35:36.597" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:35:36.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25911" CreationDate="2018-04-30T10:31:34.253" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una oración necesita un verbo, y en español no hay verbos que solo contengan la letra U.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Frases sí: se me ocurre &lt;em&gt;«Tú, tu tutú, tu puf: un bluf»&lt;/em&gt;, por poner un ejemplo algo bobo. Pero oraciones no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTA&lt;/strong&gt;.- Viendo que varios usuarios están poniendo ejemplos con verbo elidido, aclarar que mi ejemplo también elide el verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Tú, tu tutú (y) tu puf (sois) un bluf»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Describe un escenario en el que una persona intenta hacerse la &lt;em&gt;sexy&lt;/em&gt; con ropa sugerente (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tut%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutú&lt;/a&gt;) y mobiliario cómodo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=puf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puf&lt;/a&gt;), pero la otra le echa en cara que solo es un farol (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=bluf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bluf&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ya dije que era un ejemplo bobo :D&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, bobo o no, no lo considero una oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T15:27:39.960" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T15:27:39.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26040" CreationDate="2018-04-30T13:14:48.557" Score="0" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo ciertos problemas al traducir &quot;wassail&quot;. Se encuentra en el párrafo siguiente (extracto del juego V20 - Rites of The Blood, pág 106):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To enact this ritual, the caster must prepare at least two other&#xA;  vampires (of the Nosferatu, Tzimisce, or Gangrel Clans) for at least a&#xA;  full turn of the moon, feeding them a very small amount of cursed and&#xA;  defiled blood, and starving them to within an inch of &lt;strong&gt;wassail&lt;/strong&gt;. These&#xA;  individuals are tortured nightly, and various humiliations and&#xA;  physical horrors inflicted upon them, to break their sanity and weaken&#xA;  their body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo podría traducirse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19342" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T14:59:16.660" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:59:16.660" Title="¿Cómo se puede traducir &quot;wassail&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26398" CreationDate="2018-04-30T13:23:11.380" Score="6" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few compound words in Spanish, where the original word has &quot;n&quot;, are written with &quot;m&quot; to represent [m], the allophone&lt;sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonolog%C3%ADa_del_espa%C3%B1ol#Sonidos_conson%C3%A1nticos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_note-N-20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; of /n/ which occurs before a bilabial consonant (/p/, /b/)&lt;sup&gt; 3 4&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tampoco  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=tampoco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ta&lt;strong&gt;n p&lt;/strong&gt;oco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;también  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=tambi%C3%A9n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ta&lt;strong&gt;n b&lt;/strong&gt;ien&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;balompié (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/balompi%C3%A9#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;baló&lt;strong&gt;n p&lt;/strong&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ciempiés  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ciempi%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cie&lt;strong&gt;n p&lt;/strong&gt;ies&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tentempié (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZUM7MgT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tente e&lt;strong&gt;n p&lt;/strong&gt;ié&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;biempensante (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=TD5Yy16ToD6j4lHhMY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bie&lt;strong&gt;n p&lt;/strong&gt;ensante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20152/18348&quot;&gt;word-initial &quot;r-&quot; becomes &quot;-rr-&quot;&lt;/a&gt; in compound words to preserve the trill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this kind of allophone preserving orthography occur with any other phonemes in compound words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. Also before nasal /m/, though this isn't expressed orthographically, either because this would create a double letter, which the RAE frowns upon e.g. &lt;em&gt;co&lt;strong&gt;nm&lt;/strong&gt;igo, i&lt;strong&gt;nm&lt;/strong&gt;ortal&lt;/em&gt;, or due to a rule similar to the exception before &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m.&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;2. Debe escribirse &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt; delante de &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ambiguo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;campo&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;mientras que se escribe &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; ante la letra &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;envío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;invasión&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/strong&gt; No obstante, hay algún caso en que, por respetarse las grafías etimológicas, puede aparecer &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; ante &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Canberra&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Gutenberg&lt;/em&gt; (→ n, 2).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=JGgOANLgtD6ancygWL#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;m - DPD&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;n.&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;2. Delante de &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; nunca se escribe &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, salvo en el caso de algunos nombres propios extranjeros en los que se respeta la grafía originaria, como &lt;em&gt;Gutenberg&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Hartzenbusch&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Canberra&lt;/em&gt;. No deben escribirse con &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; ante &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; los compuestos con bien (→ biempensante).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=3sqAFPmgTD6e025tQP#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;n - DPD&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T11:10:11.730" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T11:10:11.730" Title="Allophone preserving orthography in compound words" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26038" CreationDate="2018-04-30T14:05:11.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extraído de &lt;a href=&quot;http://whitewolf.wikia.com/wiki/Wassail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wassail is the last frenzy [term describing a supernatural fight-or-flight reaction experienced by characters in Vampire: The Masquerade] a vampire experiences - the one that causes Humanity to drop from 1 to 0 and puts the vampire entirely and permanently under control of the Beast. Once a vampire enters Wassail, he is lost forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabiendo esto lo mejor que podemos hacer es buscar alguna edición en español del juego de rol y ver cómo lo han traducido. Así he encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://webvampiro.com/vampiro-edad-oscura/la-bestia-y-la-muerte/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;textos&lt;/a&gt; que hacen mención al &quot;frenzy&quot; como &quot;frenesí&quot;, y dejan el término Wassail tal cual sin adaptar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También hay Vampiros que no escapan nunca del Frenesí, quedando convertidos en bestias irracionales que sólo buscan la destrucción. Este estado, conocido como Wassail, genera animales salvajes que son eliminados en cuanto es posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que mi recomendación es que lo dejes sin adaptar y con mayúscula inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:05:11.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26028" CreationDate="2018-04-30T14:38:50.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was dismayed to hear that &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26028/how-to-talk-about-codeswitching-in-spanish?noredirect=1#comment42857_26029&quot;&gt;most people wouldn't understand it&lt;/a&gt;(&quot;I doubt a layperson would be familiar with either term&quot;).  That used the be the case in English but it's coming into more general use now in English (e.g. podcast &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code Switch&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to propose some other ideas that hopefully give more of the feeling that comes with &lt;em&gt;codeswitch&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;giro de lengua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe &lt;em&gt;viro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;virage&lt;/em&gt; would also be candidates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I'd like to invite other participants to brainstorm with me on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T13:13:18.537" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T13:13:18.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26042" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26043" CreationDate="2018-04-30T14:52:34.547" Score="5" ViewCount="1939" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a cosas como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6SnsKm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6SnsKm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los términos que conozco son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bJAo3Kw#FzLEEb0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Valla publicitaria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: pero a mí no me parece una valla, la verdad. Yo ese término lo asocio más bien a esos grandes carteles que se ven desde la carretera (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=valla%20publicitaria&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjGh-SBjOLaAhWCQJoKHQGuAWYQ_AUICigB&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=893&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ver imágenes de Google&lt;/a&gt;). Esto por lo que pregunto es más pequeño y solo se encuentra en los entornos urbanos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OT6Ecog&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marquesina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: es cierto que estos postes se parecen mucho a las marquesinas de las paradas de autobús. Pero &quot;marquesina&quot; es relativamente genérico (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=marquesina&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiP-uXXjeLaAhWiYJoKHQ-fAVoQ_AUICigB&amp;amp;biw=1280&amp;amp;bih=893&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ver imágenes de Google&lt;/a&gt;), y además su función principal parece ser la de proteger del sol y la lluvia, mientras que lo de la imagen arriba incluida solo sirve para mostrar publicidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término más específico o más técnico con el que referirse a estas no-vallas publicitarias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T13:49:49.717" Title="¿Cómo se llaman esas cosas que parecen un trozo de parada de autobús y se usan para poner publicidad?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26042" CreationDate="2018-04-30T14:52:34.547" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la publicidad y el &lt;em&gt;marketing&lt;/em&gt;, a estos elementos se les llama normalmente &lt;strong&gt;mupis&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué es un mupi publicitario?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra MUPI es en realidad el acrónimo francés de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilier_urbain_pour_l%27information&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mobilier urbain pour l'information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que en español sería &quot;mobiliario urbano para información&quot;. Es un tipo de cartel al aire libre que se suele encontrar en la calle al lado de una parada de autobús. De hecho, mucha gente se refiere a los mupis como marquesinas, aunque en realidad ahora pueden verse en la calle sin que haya una parada de autobús al lado.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=mupi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sírvase usted misme&lt;/a&gt; (no quiero promocionar ningún sitio particular)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras fuentes definen el acrónimo como &quot;&lt;em&gt;mobiliario urbano como punto de información&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o como &quot;&lt;em&gt;mueble urbano para la presentación de la información&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, tratando de adaptarlo al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe otro término todavía más específico, &lt;strong&gt;opi&lt;/strong&gt; (acrónimo de &quot;objeto publicitario iluminado&quot;), que se supone que se refiere a los soportes no asociados a ninguna otra estructura, iluminados y cuyo único fin es el publicitario... Pero, por lo que he leído, parece que hay cierta tendencia a usar &quot;mupi&quot; como sustantivo común, tanto para los incluidos en las marquesinas, como para los que encontramos sueltos, como el de la foto de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T14:52:34.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26046" CreationDate="2018-04-30T18:34:39.463" Score="2" ViewCount="8077" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un par de años escuché a una colombiana decir &lt;em&gt;&quot;relaje el pony&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Qué quiso decir con esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19346" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-04-30T18:57:26.907" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T20:38:09.627" Title="¿Qué significa en Colombia la frase &quot;Relaje el pony&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26045" CreationDate="2018-04-30T18:51:59.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;Relaje el Pony:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forma de decirle a un amigo, que debe calmarse y encontrar su paz interior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://steemit.com/babel/@yenipaola/diccionario-colombiano-de-la-calle-2-parte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Colombiano de la calle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T18:51:59.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25848" CreationDate="2018-04-30T19:52:09.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Hamlet existe una referencia a este hecho que quizá explique la relación entre el cangrejo y la inmortalidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;HAMLET&lt;/em&gt;: De calumnias. Aquí dice el malvado satírico, que los viejos tienen la barba blanca, la cara con arrugas, que vierten sus ojos ámbar abundante y goma de ciruelo, y que unen a una gran debilidad de nalgas mucha falta de entendimiento. Todo lo cual, señor mío, aunque yo plena y eficazmente lo creo, no me parece bien hallarlo afirmado en tales términos. &lt;em&gt;Porque al fin vos seríais sin duda tan joven como yo, si os fuera posible andar hacia atrás como el cangrejo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea de que el cangrejo camina hacia atrás es errónea pero extendida. Lo que entiendo con la cita es que el cangrejo, al supuestamente &quot;caminar hacia atrás&quot; invertiría el efecto que el tiempo tiene en el resto. En el texto, Hamlet le sugiere a Polonio que un rejuvenecimiento sería posible si pudiese imitar ese animal. Con esto en mente, el cangrejo sería &quot;inmortal&quot; y un tema para reflexionar por horas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T19:52:09.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26042" CreationDate="2018-04-30T20:57:51.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto incluso empresas lo llaman &lt;strong&gt;marquesinas&lt;/strong&gt; como tú apuntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.interempresas.net/Equipamiento_Municipal/Articulos/37725-La-ciudad-anuncia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.interempresas.net/Equipamiento_Municipal/Articulos/37725-La-ciudad-anuncia.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo más que he llegado a oír es &quot;soporte publicitario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La búsqueda en google de &quot;marquesina publicidad&quot; muestra algunos de estos elementos que tú describes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?hl=es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;ei=24HnWq2vJNO6UonWvng&amp;amp;q=marquesina+publicidad&amp;amp;oq=marquesina+publicidad&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...0.0.0.238086.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.j7EAk7ZEFpY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.google.com/search?hl=es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;ei=24HnWq2vJNO6UonWvng&amp;amp;q=marquesina+publicidad&amp;amp;oq=marquesina+publicidad&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...0.0.0.238086.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.j7EAk7ZEFpY&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que de momento no encuentro ningún término en español para estos objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra de las opciones que se me ocurren es &lt;strong&gt;expositor&lt;/strong&gt;, pero tampoco es demasiado exacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy interesante la respuesta de walen, así tendré algo para nombrarlos. La verdad es que no deja de ser curioso cómo es posible que no tengamos palabra para nombrar algo que vemos ¡todos los días! jaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T20:57:51.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25911" CreationDate="2018-04-30T22:09:24.043" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existen formas verbales que no tengan en su terminación alguna de las otras cuatro vocales, de modo que sólo se podría construir oraciones incompletas, o en el estrecho campo de las oraciones de &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.lengua-e.com/2013/coma-cuando-se-omite-el-verbo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verbo omitido&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pero existe una opción&lt;/strong&gt;, si aceptamos una pequeña concesión literaria que los mismos literatos aceptan en su contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ámbito de la poesía: concretamente en las coplas y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lenguaurelio.blogspot.cl/2011/02/versos-de-cabo-roto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;versos de cabo roto&lt;/a&gt; (gracias walen por señalar el nombre). Incluso se podría concebir una canción, aunque elemental.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los versos de cabo roto, aunque en su origen le anteceden, fueron muy popularizados por Cervantes. Eran algo más comunes en el Siglo de Oro que en nuestros días, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C3%B3cope&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apocopan&lt;/a&gt; sistemáticamente las sílabas que vienen después de la última acentuada del verso. Un ejemplo muy conocido es (paradójicamente) el satírico &lt;em&gt;laudo&lt;/em&gt; de Urganda la Desconocida, parte de los que incluye Cervantes como prólogo al Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I1rmU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I1rmU.png&quot; alt=&quot;comienzo del Laudo de Urganda la Desconocida&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se deja el verbo para el final del verso, una desinencia de persona y tiempo verbal podría apocoparse: bastaría sólo una raíz con &lt;em&gt;úes&lt;/em&gt;: turbar, usurpar, usufructuar, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo que trata de construir oraciones coherentes podría ser el siguiente (perdónenme la métrica, que eso ya sería mucho pedir):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu gurú su pudú sutu-;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luz, tu tutú un frufrú ulu-;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lulú su cuscús usufructú-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer verso, una eminencia de la medicina veterinaria, gurú del lector, sutura a su pudú mascota. En el segundo, el tutú de una bailarina llamada Luz emite un ruido muy fuerte (grita) producto de la fricción. Mientras tanto Lulú (que puede ser nombre de mujer o un tipo de perro) aprovecha (comiendo) el cuscús que le habían preparado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigue siendo muy poca cosa lo que se puede hacer, y por supuesto, la absoluta ausencia de preposiciones, inexistencia práctica de adverbios y otras párticulas, y el ínfimo vocabulario disponible, (limitado a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.solosequenosenada.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/palabras_solo_con_la_vocal_u_2010.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poco más de cien palabras, siendo generosos&lt;/a&gt;) para el resto de la oración no deja hacer mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que no es exactamente lo que buscabas con la pregunta, pero logra un poquito más que excluyendo totalmente el verbo y sigue siendo castellano literariamente válido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Actualización&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a las oraciones con verbo omitido, la idea es que la acción debe ser evidente por el contexto, o por referencia a la de una oración anterior, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[Tú comerás zanahorias, ¿y yo?]&lt;/em&gt; —Tú, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=92FhFc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chucrut&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal como señala Rodrigo, es muy frecuente omitir el verbo ser. Probablemente sea el que más se omite. Y eso quizá se deba a la estrechez única entre sujeto y predicado que da la oración copulativa (con verbo ser).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T14:52:59.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23210" CreationDate="2018-05-01T10:23:06.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Nc5eXxgkcccC&amp;amp;pg=PA401&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;dos+por+tres&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Obras de Don Francisco de Quevedo Villegas coleccion completa ..., Volume 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1859) dice esto en la nota a pie de página sobre el uso de la frase &lt;em&gt;dos por tres&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/cuento-de-cuentos--0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuento de cuentos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1580-1645):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le dije dos por tres.&lt;/em&gt; - &lt;em&gt;A dos por tres&lt;/em&gt; se usa hoy para expresar que alguno dice ó hace alguna cosa con prontitud ó sin miedo ni reparo; &lt;strong&gt;tan pronto como se multiplica dos por tres.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T13:41:54.653" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T13:41:54.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26052" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-01T14:37:47.777" Score="2" ViewCount="1379" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspired by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23210/9385&quot;&gt;Origen de expresiones como &amp;quot;cada dos por tres&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm familiar with an expression used in, at least, Mexico: &lt;strong&gt;dos tres&lt;/strong&gt;.  It is a way of giving a lukewarm reaction to a question.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Cómo te va, compañera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Dos tres.  Casi no he dormido, al nene le está saliendo un nuevo diente y está súper inquieto ahorita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I'm wondering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where did this expression come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does it show up anywhere else besides Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the meaning documented in any dictionary?  So far the only place I found it was in the spanishdict.com entry for &lt;em&gt;Responses to &amp;quot;¿Cómo Estás?&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.  I also tried I tried &lt;em&gt;Así Hablamos&lt;/em&gt; and DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T16:43:17.407" Title="Origin and documentation of meaning: &quot;dos tres&quot; as *so-so*" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26063" CreationDate="2018-05-01T14:38:31.767" Score="5" ViewCount="3230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que hoy celebramos el día del trabajo, toca preguntarse: etimológicamente, ¿qué es el trabajo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aBuhX28&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trabajo&lt;/a&gt; es toda ocupación retribuida, además de la acción y efecto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aBpHmn0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trabajar&lt;/a&gt;. Lo que sorprende es la etimología de este verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. *&lt;em&gt;tripaliāre&lt;/em&gt; 'torturar', der. del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;tripalium&lt;/em&gt; 'instrumento de tortura compuesto de tres maderos'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo pasó un verbo que en latín vulgar significaba &lt;em&gt;torturar&lt;/em&gt; a significar &quot;ocuparse en cualquier actividad física o intelectual&quot; o &quot;tener una ocupación remunerada en una empresa, una institución, etc.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T20:13:21.567" Title="¿Cómo se convirtió el verbo &quot;torturar&quot; en el verbo &quot;trabajar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25848" CreationDate="2018-05-01T15:30:51.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fui googleando y encontré este pasaje muy interesante sobre esta expresión.  Parece que viene de la mitología griega:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;La mitología griega cuenta que Zeus platicaba con un cangrejo quien le explicaba que al caminar de lado engañaban al tiempo, lo que los hacía inmortales. La filosofía dice que al no tener consciencia de sí mismo, no es consciente de que su existencia acabará, por lo tanto, es inmortal. Absorto estaba yo en estos pensamientos cuando dieron un giro, un cambio de personaje. Pensaba ahora en la inmortalidad del hombre. ¿Qué pasaría si nuestra existencia fuera infinita?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí está la referencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ruizhealytimes.com/cultura-para-todos/de-la-inmortalidad-del-cangrejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ruizhealytimes.com/cultura-para-todos/de-la-inmortalidad-del-cangrejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra referencia interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pulsodigital.net/2010/02/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-frase-pensando.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.pulsodigital.net/2010/02/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-frase-pensando.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T19:05:12.920" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T19:05:12.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26052" CreationDate="2018-05-01T16:06:01.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Mexican I really don't know the answer. In Mexico we play a lot with the language and create new phrases every now and then, and sometimes we adopt them for a while, later we stop using them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that we are actually trying to say 2/3 or two thirds, not half bad, but not totally good, and I actually have used &quot;dos tercios&quot; that simplified ends up being &quot;dos tres&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original or most used term for this is &quot;mas o menos&quot; meaning more or less (good/bad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T16:43:17.407" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T16:43:17.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26052" CreationDate="2018-05-01T17:35:12.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GqDQCgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT717&amp;amp;lpg=PT717&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;c%C3%B3mo+est%C3%A1s&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;dos+tres&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario del español de México. Volumen 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; claims that &quot;dos tres&quot; is a variant of &quot;dos [que] tres&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oWeQt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oWeQt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qo8nAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA26&amp;amp;lpg=PA26&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;dos+que+tres&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guatemalan Spanish: Speak like a Native!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; makes the (unsubstantiated) claim that this phrase comes from an American language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;dos que tres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This construction also came from Mayan languages such as Cachiquel, Kekchi, and Quiche. In these languages &lt;strong&gt;dos que tres&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T12:43:50.640" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T12:43:50.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5140" CreationDate="2018-05-01T17:59:49.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I could only find one reference to &lt;em&gt;baldurán&lt;/em&gt; online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Baldurán&lt;/strong&gt;   Persona que anda perdida, -ido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tuvozdigital.com/index.php/local/nuestras-cosas/1910-xx-algunos-localismos-de-la-tierra-de-tabara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Algunos localismos de la tierra de Tábara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also appears as a person's name in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/pdf.raw?query=parent%3A0000730691+type%3Apress%2Fpage&amp;amp;name=La+Voz+(Madrid).+11-10-1921&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;11th October 1921 edition&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;LA VOZ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... Cipriano Pérez Baldurán, de Gerona...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Valdurán&lt;/em&gt; however is a village in Alba de Tormes&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://callejero.openalfa.es/alba-de-tormes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.villaalbadetormes.com/doc/memoria.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://cartographic.info/espana/map.php?id=848395&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;LLEGADA DEL &quot;CLAUDIO LOPEZ&quot; A VALENCIA - Expedición de heridos y enfermos de Melilla&lt;/em&gt; (front page article)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T08:14:16.600" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T08:14:16.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26059" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-05-01T19:14:48.880" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T19:14:48.880" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T19:14:48.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26060" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-05-01T19:14:48.880" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre la habilidad de expresarse en dos (o más) lenguas. " OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T19:45:23.113" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T19:45:23.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26061" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-05-01T19:18:40.867" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T19:18:40.867" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T19:18:40.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26062" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-05-01T19:18:40.867" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre los pronombres usados para formular oraciones interrogativas i.e. quién, qué y cuál." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T19:45:28.597" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T19:45:28.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26053" CreationDate="2018-05-01T20:03:59.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez la conexión se haga más patente si miramos el significado de la palabra en otros idiomas. Por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/travail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en inglés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TRAVAIL.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1 a : work especially of a painful or laborious nature&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    b : a physical or mental exertion or piece of work&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    c : agony, torment&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2 : labor, childbirth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es de particular interés esa acepción como &quot;agonía, tormento&quot;. Hace además el Merriam-Webster alusión a la etimología mencionada, pero escribiendo el término del latín vulgar como &quot;trepalium&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de &quot;trabajo&quot; como &quot;tormento&quot; vendría derivado del instrumento de tortura, y puede ser el significado que se le podría dar a la palabra en este texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En es dia, de cierto, que no es Dios con ellos, por que es esto que alcançarlo an muchas malezas e travaios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(En ese día, seguro que Dios no estará con ellos, y por eso les alcanzarán muchas malezas [males] y trabajos [tormentos].)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Almerich, &quot;La fazienda de Ultra Mar&quot;, c1200 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/travail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CRNTL&lt;/a&gt; también considera la acepción de &quot;tormento&quot; (de nuevo la conexión con la tortura) para la palabra francesa &quot;travail&quot; hacia el siglo XII, junto con otras como &quot;fatiga&quot; y una acepción muy interesante: &quot;dolor que nos damos a nosotros mismos, esfuerzos&quot;. Es cierto que cuando uno se esfuerza físicamente se está infligiendo un dolor. Encontramos aquí la conexión pues entre el tormento y el trabajo: el esfuerzo. De hecho en el siglo XIII se tiene ya la acepción de la palabra como &quot;dolor que uno se inflige en el ejercicio de un oficio artesanal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho en España en el siglo XIII la palabra ya tenía ese significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et las callonas de los pesos falsos e de las medidas e de los cotos, qui los crebantare, recabdelos el almotacen poral concejo e el concejo ponganle su soldada, por razon de su trabajo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Normativa [Documentos de Alfonso X dirigidos a Castilla la Vieja]&quot;, 1257 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con el paso del tiempo, en España la palabra &quot;trabajo&quot; perdió la parte del significado relativa al esfuerzo y las acepciones referentes al tormento. De hecho, llegado el siglo XV, Antonio de Nebrija incluía la palabra &quot;trabajar&quot; en su diccionario como &quot;laboro&quot;, que en latín hace referencia al &quot;esfuerzo que se hace cuando se intenta conseguir cualquier cosa&quot;. Y en el siglo XVII Covarrubias definía &quot;trabajo&quot; como &quot;el cuidado y diligencia que ponemos en obrar alguna cosa, especialmente las que son manuales&quot;. Reminiscencias todavía al trabajo físico, más propenso a causar ese dolor de los antiguos significados de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota curiosa, el Merriam-Webster afirma que la palabra &quot;travail&quot;, que el inglés importó del francés en el siglo XIII, generó un siglo más tarde el significado de &quot;viajar&quot;, haciendo que el verbo &quot;to travel&quot; descienda también de aquel instrumento de tortura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-01T20:13:21.567" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T20:13:21.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26064" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-01T21:26:21.593" Score="3" ViewCount="544" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had some trouble understanding &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/7085/9385&quot;&gt;a question&lt;/a&gt; that asks for a recommendation of which of three pronunciation systems to learn: &lt;em&gt;seseo, ceceo,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;.  I'm confused because I thought that in Spain, there is a sound similar to the TH in the English word &quot;with,&quot; and I thought it was written with Z, CE and CI.  (I thought that CA, CO, CU and final C, called &quot;hard C,&quot; as in &quot;&lt;em&gt;caro&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; would be the same the world over.)  But with each new thing I read I've only felt less enlightened.  I think our site needs a clear explanation of the three systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is already &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23580/9385&quot;&gt;an answer&lt;/a&gt; with some nice maps, but audio examples would be appreciated.  Also, is there a universal pronunciation of the word &quot;ceceo&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T14:56:47.440" LastActivityDate="2020-08-23T21:15:17.290" Title="What are the three systems of pronouncing &quot;c&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;ceceo-seseo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2018-05-01T22:17:57.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are dialects of Spanish that have two &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fricative_consonant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fricative&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibilant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sibilant&lt;/a&gt; phonemes, and there other dialects that have only one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dialects that have two fricative sibilants are said to have &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;. They have a dental fricative /θ/ and an alveolar fricative /s/. The alveolar /s/ might be realized in varying ways, mostly laminal (the blade of the tongue touches the alveoli) or apical (the apex or tip of the tongue touches the alveoli). &lt;em&gt;Distinción&lt;/em&gt; with an apical /s/ is the norm in Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among the dialects that have only one fricative sibilant, there are some which realize it as a dental /θ/, and others which realize it as an alveolar fricative /s/. The former dialects are called &lt;em&gt;ceceantes&lt;/em&gt; and are found mostly in southern Spain. The latter are &lt;em&gt;seseantes&lt;/em&gt; and are found in parts of southern Spain and all over Latin America. For the most part the /s/ among Latin American &lt;em&gt;seseantes&lt;/em&gt; is a laminal sibilant, though there are dialects (mostly in the Bolivian Andes and northwestern Argentina) where it is apical instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HniYo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HniYo.png&quot; alt=&quot;Simplified pronunciation table with examples&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the orthography. For dialects with &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;, the alveolar sibilant /s/ is always written «s», and the dental sibilant /θ/ is written «z» before «a, o, u» and «c» before «e, i» (there are no «ze, zi» spellings in Spanish except on borrowings like &lt;em&gt;zeppelin&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;zip&lt;/em&gt;, some learned words like &lt;em&gt;enzima&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17600/if-certain-words-undergo-a-spelling-change-from-z-to-c-in-order-to-preserve/25713#25713&quot;&gt;a few others&lt;/a&gt;). Conversely, if you hear /θ/ in a Spanish dialect with &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;, you can always confidently write it down with a «z» or «c» as just explained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For dialects with &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt;, there is no way to know &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt; if a word you hear with a fricative sibilant is written with a «z/c» or «s». This is of course the cause of many orthographic mistakes, some of which might also produce homonyms. (Many bad jokes have been made based on the homonymy of &lt;em&gt;casar[se]&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to marry&quot; and &lt;em&gt;cazar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to hunt&quot;. Also, in Latin American Spanish we tend to say &lt;em&gt;cocinar&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;cocer&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to cook&quot; because &lt;em&gt;cocer&lt;/em&gt; sounds the same as &lt;em&gt;coser&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to sew&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you meant to ask this, but the letter «c» is always &quot;hard&quot; (/k/) before «a, o, u» and before other consonants (except «h»), no exceptions. There's no way to transform it or mark it in any way to make it sound as a sibilant. In several related Romance languages there is what we call &lt;em&gt;c cedilla&lt;/em&gt; («ç»): thus Catalan &lt;em&gt;Barça&lt;/em&gt; (the FC Barcelona) pronounced /'barsa/, Portuguese «praça» /'prasa/ &quot;square, plaza&quot;, French &lt;em&gt;façade&lt;/em&gt; /fa'sad/, but Spanish hasn't had a «ç» for centuries. That's precisely why dialects with &lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt; have to employ «z» before «a, o, u».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T13:15:59.397" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T13:15:59.397" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2018-05-02T02:47:54.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The three systems you mention not only relate to how &lt;em&gt;z/c&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced, but also to how &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the words &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; (house) and &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; (hunt). There is a group of Spanish speakers that pronounce them &lt;em&gt;exactly the same&lt;/em&gt;. There is another group that pronounce them differently. This last group is the one that makes a &lt;em&gt;distinction&lt;/em&gt; between &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt;, and that's why it is labeled &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. This group uses the sound /s/ for &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; and the sound /θ/  for &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; (this last sound is the one you mention to be similar to the TH in the English word &quot;with&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The group that doesn't distinguish between &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; can be further divided in two, according to the sound they use to pronounce both words. The ones that use the sound /s/ for both are labeled &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. The ones that use the sound /θ/ for both are labeled &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in all three systems &lt;em&gt;ce&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ci&lt;/em&gt; will use the same sound as &lt;em&gt;za&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;zu&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T02:47:54.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2018-05-02T03:32:44.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a table that I think should boil things down to the most simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┓&#xA;┃    type    ┃   S   │CE/CI/Z┃&#xA;┣━━━━━━━━━━━━╋━━━━━━━┿━━━━━━━┫  │ Where&#xA;┃ distinción ┃  /s/  │  /θ/  ┃  │ /s/ is like English S&#xA;┠────────────╂───────┼───────┨  │     as in [s]ing&#xA;┃   seseo    ┃  /s/  │  /s/  ┃  │ /θ/ is like English TH &#xA;┠────────────╂───────┼───────┨  │     as in [th]istle&#xA;┃   ceceo    ┃  /θ/  │  /θ/  ┃&#xA;┗━━━━━━━━━━━━┻━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┛&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The majority of Spanish speakers in Spain and Equatorial Guinea speak with &lt;strong&gt;distinción&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, they distinguish the Z and soft C from the S.  This doesn't mean, as it might sound to English ears that they speak better, just that they literally &lt;em&gt;distinguish&lt;/em&gt; the two sounds.  For someone from Madrid, &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; sounds like what in English would be &lt;em&gt;catha&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; instead is like &lt;em&gt;cassa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The overwhelming majority of Spanish speakers, though, including virtually all speakers from Latin America, are &lt;strong&gt;seseantes&lt;/strong&gt;. That means they say pronounce words like &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;cocer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;coser&lt;/em&gt; identically &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; when they pronounce them, the Z, soft C, and S sound like the English S.  In other words, they pronounce &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; like someone from Spain would pronounce &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt;.  (hence &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt;, or using &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A minority of Spanish speakers situated in South Spain, are &lt;strong&gt;ceceantes&lt;/strong&gt; (there are also a few small pocket areas in Latin America that are too).  They, like &lt;em&gt;seseantes&lt;/em&gt; pronounce &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; the same.  But the sound they use for the second consonant much more closely matches the one that someone from the North would use to pronounce &lt;em&gt;caza&lt;/em&gt;.  Technically, the sound is [s̪̟], but it's close enough that the term &lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt; developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this came about because in the 13-16th century or so, there were a lot more sounds that were very similar and started getting confused and merged.  As a result, even back then before all of the sibilant readjustment had completed they had multiple terms for pronunciations that didn't distinguish: &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; (as [s̺]), &lt;em&gt;çeçeo&lt;/em&gt; (as [t͡s]) and &lt;em&gt;zezeo&lt;/em&gt; (as [d͡z]].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not entirely sure how someone pronounces the actual word &lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt; outside of Spain, but my guess is that they pronounce it with the /θ/ sound, or the closest approximation they can so it's clear they're not saying &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; (and since the word is literally to talk about the sound used in speech, it's justifiable to use an otherwise foreign sound).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2020-08-23T21:15:17.290" LastActivityDate="2020-08-23T21:15:17.290" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="84" CreationDate="2018-05-02T05:17:06.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the setting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with you that often, taking a lot of care with spelling and accents can make a foreigner stick out like a sore thumb.  I for one have found myself in that situation.  But I was already pretty noticeable to begin with; and writing with careful spelling and accents never brought any negative repercussions.  If I had slummed and written more sloppily, it wouldn't have made any difference on my ability to integrate into the local community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; settings where careful spelling and properly placed accents are important and much appreciated, and this site falls into that category.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to all Spanish learners that they develop good spelling and accenting habits right from the start, and continue in this way.  I would recommend that to any child or teenager who is a native speaker as well; but for someone learning Spanish as a second language, it's especially worthwhile, for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your writing will be better understood and more influential/more entertaining&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will help you understand and appreciate better the language, including relationships among words, meanings, grammar, etymology.  In short, it will help you build your knowledge of the language and your respect for and attachment to the language and the people who speak it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will thus help you progress better in your learning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will help you pronounce Spanish correctly and beautifully, which will help you communicate succesfully, and connect with people better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will be showing respect for another group's language and culture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will speed some realizations that will help you understand English better, too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is not to say that if you forget some accents or place some in funny places, you'll be despised!  I'm just saying that your spelling efforts will bring you extra respect (i.e. brownie points).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, I definitely don't see learning to place accents correctly  as a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 10/2/19: It may be easier to learn to write accents correctly if you install a Spanish spellchecker in your word processor and your browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T01:09:28.690" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T01:09:28.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26069" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26070" CreationDate="2018-05-02T07:40:24.503" Score="2" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana vi la palabra &lt;em&gt;turulato&lt;/em&gt; y me preguntaba cuál podría ser el origen de dicha palabra. Os pongo la información que he ido recopilando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ayU5TuI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;turulato, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Alelado, estupefacto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera entrada en el DLE en el &lt;em&gt;Academia suplemento&lt;/em&gt; de 1852:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TURULATO, TA. adj. fam. Alelado, sobrecogido, estupefacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera aparición en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por una parte es verdad&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que el mérito es quien merezca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y por otra parte, yo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  señora, es la vez primera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que enamoro y estoy todo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  turulato.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramón de la Cruz, &quot;El caballero de Medina&quot;, 1764 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera aparición en la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En esto se despidió, dexándome medio turulato, y al instante me propuse contarse á vmd. este cuento [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diario de Madrid. 2/12/1807, página 1. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posibles acepciones que han ido apareciendo en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1884: De &lt;em&gt;atortolado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1899-1956: Del latín &lt;em&gt;turbulentātus&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;turbado&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1970-1984: De la onomatopeya &lt;em&gt;tur&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1992-hoy: Sin etimología.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál explicación os parece más plausible? ¿Qué otras posibles etimologías se conocen o proponen en otros diccionarios o textos de consulta? ¿Existe algún texto antiguo que pueda aportar algo más de luz sobre el origen de la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T08:24:36.103" Title="Origen y etimología de &quot;turulato&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26069" CreationDate="2018-05-02T08:24:36.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Corominas, en su Diccionario Etimológico, indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TURULATO, voz de creación expresiva ... pertenece a un grupo de nombres del hombre falto de juicio que evocan las voces sin significado con que se tararea una canción, sugiriendo así la frivolidad y la falta de sentido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No anduvo afortunado el académico que en una edición antigua del diccionario dijo que venía de atortolado, pero más extravagante es deducirlo de un lat. &lt;em&gt;*turbulentatus&lt;/em&gt;, como aparece en la última ed. Spitzer (RFE XIII, 121n.) dijo que era voz onomatopéyica, lo cual es indudable si lo tomamos en un sentido amplio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T08:24:36.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26075" CreationDate="2018-05-02T10:00:58.447" Score="5" ViewCount="4156" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, el término correcto para designar al &quot;fenómeno óptico que presenta en forma de arco de bandas concéntricas los siete colores elementales, causado por la refracción o reflexión de la luz solar en el agua pulverizada, generalmente perceptible en la lluvia&quot; es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3TE56ZB#4Kix0xA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arco iris&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3TGhZfI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arcoíris&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que la palabra que se usaba en latín para referirse a este fenómemo era sencillamente... &lt;em&gt;iris&lt;/em&gt;. Y de hecho esto se ve aún en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M6Smp06&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iris&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;iris&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἶρις îris&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. arco iris.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando algunos diccionarios antiguos, veo por ejemplo que el de Nebrija de 1495 recoge la entrada &lt;em&gt;arco del cielo&lt;/em&gt;, Covarrubias en 1611 lo recoge como &lt;em&gt;arco celeste&lt;/em&gt;, y el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; recoge &lt;em&gt;arco iris&lt;/em&gt; pero redirige a &lt;em&gt;iris&lt;/em&gt;, donde se encuentra la definición de este fenómeno atmosférico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, sin embargo, el término que ha acabado imponiéndose es &lt;em&gt;arco iris&lt;/em&gt;, redundante dado que solamente &lt;em&gt;iris&lt;/em&gt; ya recoge toda la idea del fenómeno. Al parecer en portugués y gallego también ocurre, pero en otros idiomas cercanos no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;arc de Sant Martí (catalán),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;arcobaleno (italiano),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;arc-en-ciel (francés).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo evolucionó el idioma para que pasáramos de una expresión similar a la del francés (arco celestial) a una redundante (arco iris)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et como la ora vn cercol a semblança de arco celestial aparecio en torno del sol.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Fernández de Heredia, &quot;Traducción de Breviarium ab urbe condita, de Eutropio.&quot;, 1377-1399 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arcum dizian los latinos una yerva: cuya flor enla variedad del color pareçe al arco celestial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso de Palencia, &quot;Universal vocabulario en latín y en romance&quot;, 1490 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T13:59:35.493" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T14:25:06.183" Title="¿Por qué usamos el término redundante &quot;arco iris&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26074" CreationDate="2018-05-02T11:12:23.880" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es común encontrar frases que contengan palabras redundantes. Estos tipos de frases/términos se llaman &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pleonasmos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Unos ejemplos fosilizados son &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;cum&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;mecum&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;micu(m)&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;migo&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;strong&gt;go&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;em&gt;conmigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;em&gt;dēex&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;des&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, ver la ortografía de los cognados de la frase en otros idiomas romances: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Catalan&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/arc_iris&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arc iris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;lit.&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;arc d'Iris&lt;/em&gt; (galicismo) &lt;sup&gt;lit.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Francés&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/arc-en-ciel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arc d'Iris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;lit.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Portugués&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;arco-íris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Asturiano&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;arcu iris, arcu de iris, arcu d'iris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podemos entender que la parte 'iris' de 'arcoíris' no viene directamente del griego ἶρις (&lt;em&gt;iris&lt;/em&gt;), que significa el fenómeno atmosférico, &lt;strong&gt;sino via el nombre de la diosa del fenómeno, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_(mitolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt; Ἶρῐς&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Iris&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las alternativas ortografías antiguas castellanas &lt;em&gt;«arco de Iris»&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;«arco Iris»&lt;/em&gt; (con mayúscula) parece confirmar esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... lido de mi largo penar, parece que ha mostrado su &lt;strong&gt;arco de Iris&lt;/strong&gt;, aplacando mis borrascas... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Historias peregrinas y ejemplares&lt;/em&gt;, Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses (1623)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... al arnor, el amar al aborrecer; a la tempestad el &lt;strong&gt;arco Iris&lt;/strong&gt;, a la tormenta, bonança... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Epítome de las fábulas de la antigüedad&lt;/em&gt;, Juan de Piña (1635) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y finalmente, este ensayo también afirma que el nombre viene de la diosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es muy antigua la creencia de que ciertos “agentes mágicos” eran los responsables del tiempo atmosférico, empezando por ejemplo por la nominación misma del arco iris...&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/paremia/pdf/016/007_arribas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contraste entre unidades fraseológicas españolas e italianas - sobre fobias y supersticiones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Nieves Arribas Esteras (2007)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;En español se dice: “Cuando llueve y hace sol, sale el arco del Señor; cuando llueve y hace sol saca el cuerno el caracol”; “Algún diablo se ha casado”; “Algún diablo anda suelto”. En algunas zonas de Italia, al ver el arco iris la gente decía: &lt;em&gt;il diavolo va a bere&lt;/em&gt;. No sólo el ámbito de la fraseología sino también el de la propia nominación del arco iris constituye un caso muy particular en toda Europa pues conforma un abanico de imágenes misteriosas donde conviven lo pagano y lo cristiano en sucesivos estratos solapados unos a otros y cuyas raíces se hunden en la más remota prehistoria. Pueden distinguirse varios ciclos nominativos respecto a este fenómeno: los más antiguos, con un determinante perteneciente a alguna parte del cuerpo (llamados por ello somatismos) ya sea de un dios, de una diosa o de un monstruo, constituyen otra esfera semántica muy productiva para denominar el arco iris, (“serpiente de la lluvia”, “gusano de agua”, “cintura de la vieja”, “cintura de la monja”…); un segundo ciclo también somático pero en el que los atributos corporales se refieren a santos (“cintura de Santa Elena”, “cinturón de la Virgen”…) y un tercer ciclo que subraya el hecho de poner en contacto dos  mundos, con determinantes como “arco”, “puente”, “escala”, “puerta” (“alianza de Noé”, “arco del Señor”, “arco (de) Iris /arcoiris”, “puente de San Miguel”…)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por interés, otros nombres regionales&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diariodeleon.es/noticias/revista/arcu-vieya_1065813.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dialettando.com/dizionario/hitlist_new.lasso?saltarec=0&amp;amp;results_curpage=1&amp;amp;parola=arcobaleno&amp;amp;campo=Italiano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RdHzA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RdHzA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d0EAi.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d0EAi.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;!enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T14:25:06.183" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T14:25:06.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15667" CreationDate="2018-05-02T12:36:45.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando un posible origen de la expresión, pero no encuentro nada concluyente. En el NTLLE el primer diccionario que recoge la expresión es el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; compuesto por Elías Zerolo en 1895:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ni fu ni fa&lt;/em&gt;. fr. fam. Se dice de aquellas cosas que pudiéramos llamar indiferentes ó neutras. Así, por ejemplo, empleamos esta frase hablando de manjares insípidos, de personas que no son buenas ni malas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el primer texto que la usa lo encuentro en la hemeroteca de la BNE, en un ejemplar que, hablando de una corrida de toros, decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Currito ni fú ni fá.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boletín de loterías y de toros (Madrid). 10/5/1875, n.º 1.263, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que no es cierto es que &quot;fu&quot; no &quot;fa&quot; no signifiquen nada por sí solos. Desde 1787 se recoge en diccionarios la expresión &quot;fu&quot; como &quot;voz antigua de desprecio&quot; o &quot;interjección de quien está enojado&quot;. Por tanto, decir que algo no es &quot;ni fu ni fa&quot; puede ser &quot;algo que no desprecias, pero tampoco lo contrario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T12:36:45.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26042" CreationDate="2018-05-02T13:49:49.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El nombre &lt;strong&gt;paleta publicitaria&lt;/strong&gt; es la denominación más común en Chile, y según una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=paleta%20publicitaria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búsqueda en google&lt;/a&gt; pareciera usarse también en Perú y al menos a nivel técnico y como nombre alternativo en España. Para llegar a esta conclusión tuve que &lt;em&gt;des-personalizar&lt;/em&gt; la búsqueda en Google mediante navegación privada y un proxy: &lt;a href=&quot;https://nl.hideproxy.me/go.php?u=Wh%2BQKOZ%2BFlgpYCwVwVwjJ2hgqLB9XHbvApsbbMWSDcZxPjLiSjaAB2yRaUNT1EY%3D&amp;amp;b=5&amp;amp;f=norefer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Espero que funcione el link&lt;/a&gt;, aunque podría caducar la sesión y no servir más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo de Wikipedia en castellano sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valla_publicitaria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;valla publicitaria&lt;/a&gt; también parece excluir de su definición el objeto que ilustras, pero bajo el acápite de &lt;strong&gt;expositor retroiluminado&lt;/strong&gt; define algo que al menos incluye la mayoría de ellos. El concepto, sin embargo, parece ser mucho más amplio, a juzgar por las &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=expositor%20retroiluminado&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes que ofrece Google&lt;/a&gt; como resultado de su búsqueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T13:49:49.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26081" CreationDate="2018-05-02T15:27:46.053" Score="4" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;A raíz de un comentario de James en el chat, he descubierto la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;sergas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=LJBiWH_MGecC&amp;amp;dq=diccionario%20lengua%20castellana&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA798#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=sergas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SERGAS.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; S. f. p. Hazañas, proezas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cual, aunque fue retirada del diccionario de la RAE en 1992, estuvo incluida en el mismo durante los más de dos siglos precedentes simple y llanamente porque aparecía en el título de la obra &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_sergas_de_Esplandi%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las Sergas de Esplandián&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nada más ver la definición, se me ha ocurrido que podía estar relacionada con la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;monsergas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría es que, siendo &quot;las sergas&quot; un relato de hazañas y proezas, podría haber derivado en &quot;monsergas&quot; como relato tedioso y repetitivo de las mismas. Siendo entonces las &quot;monsergas&quot; básicamente lo mismo que las &quot;batallitas&quot; que cuenta una y otra vez el abuelo, y &quot;déjate de monsergas&quot; lo mismo que &quot;déjate de historias&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero al buscar en el DLE para confirmar, me encuentro con que está marcada como &quot;de origen incierto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PiXoLeL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monserga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De or. inc. ←&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Exposición o discurso fastidioso, pesado o repetitivo, y en ocasiones reprensivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cosa o asunto fastidioso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Enunciado confuso y embrollado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he ido entonces al CORDE a buscar &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=monserga*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos de uso de &quot;monserga&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, y no hay ninguno anterior al s. XIX, mientras que el ciclo de Amadís es del s. XVI... quizá demasiado anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, buscando en el mismo CORDE &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=serga*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apariciones de &quot;serga&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, parece que antiguamente era una especie de prenda, tela o tejido. ¿Quizá fuese una tela que se embrollaba con facilidad y de ahí el origen de &quot;monserga&quot; como relato confuso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dándole otro par de vueltas, he pensado que quizá podría venir del latín, dado que tanto &quot;mons&quot; como &quot;erga&quot; son vocablos latinos. Podría ser que algún texto latino comenzase por las palabras &quot;Mons erga&quot; y de ahí la expresión. Pero tras dos o tres búsquedas en Google no he encontrado nada concluyente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último he visto que &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?monserga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Etimologías de Chile referencian a Corominas&lt;/a&gt;, quien dice que podría venir de influencias francesas o catalanas sobre una supuesta raíz común para &quot;mentira&quot;. Lo de la influencia francesa por la parte de &quot;mon-&quot;, podría ser; pero la connotación de &quot;mentira&quot; sale aquí de la nada: una monserga es un relato pesado, quizá aburrido o si acaso confuso, pero nadie dice que sea un relato falso. No me convence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, &lt;strong&gt;por resumir, tenemos que &quot;monsergas&quot; podría venir de&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;sergas&quot; en el sentido de hazañas o proezas&lt;/strong&gt;, siendo &quot;monsergas&quot; un relato tedioso de las mismas;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;sergas&quot; en el sentido de telas&lt;/strong&gt;, prendas o tejidos que (quizá) se embrollaban con facilidad, siendo &quot;monsergas&quot; una referencia a lo tedioso de trabajar con esas telas;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;las palabras latinas &quot;mons&quot; y &quot;erga&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, apareciendo juntas en algún fragmento de algún texto latino, y convirtiéndose &quot;Mons erga&quot; en ejemplo de relato pesado;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;mensonge&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que en francés significa &quot;mentira&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, y que de alguna manera habría derivado en &quot;mensorga&quot; y luego en &quot;monserga&quot; pero con otro significado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, sé que está todo cogido con pinzas, pero ¿existen pruebas que apoyen o invaliden alguno de estos orígenes? ¿Sabéis de alguna otra teoría?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Ha establecido la RAE alguna vez una etimología para &quot;monserga&quot;, aunque luego la haya retirado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T20:30:36.407" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T21:49:34.727" Title="¿De dónde viene &quot;monsergas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23247" CreationDate="2018-05-02T17:10:41.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo puedo hablar del bonus, que si se usa también en América Latina.  Yo diría que sí, pero no sé si el uso es tan extensivo como pintas para España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt; he oído, por ejemplo, &lt;strong&gt;pedazo, cacho&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;pedazo&lt;/strong&gt; de &lt;strong&gt;mierda, melón&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.  Pueden ser expresiones de cariño o disgusto.  Incluso a veces la expresión grosera se utiliza para expresar intimidad y hasta cierto cariño sarcástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23121/9385&quot;&gt;otra pregunta&lt;/a&gt; acerca de una expresión usada en &lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión “me sabe a cacho”?  [Es una expresión se se usa] cuando una situación causa disgusto o es incómoda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás se relaciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T17:10:41.813" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23247" CreationDate="2018-05-02T19:04:35.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me inclino a pensar que es un nuevo caso de ironía / antífrasis, al igual que en el caso de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/16995/17253&quot;&gt;menudo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos, se trata de una palabra que literalmente debería significar una versión más pequeña, pero que sin embargo se utiliza con el significado opuesto, como aumentativo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T20:36:20.057" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T20:36:20.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26078" CreationDate="2018-05-02T19:53:21.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he estado viendo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El NTLLE no recoge &quot;serga&quot; en ninguno de los diccionarios (aunque, efectivamente, se encuentra con el significado de &quot;tela&quot; en el CORDE).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La primera aparición de &quot;monserga&quot; en un diccionario parece ser en el de la RAE de 1843, con la única acepción de &quot;f. Lenguaje confuso y embrollado.&quot;; esta acepción es la única en las distintas ediciones de la RAE hasta &lt;strong&gt;1984&lt;/strong&gt; en que se añade &quot;patraña&quot; a la definición. Las acepciones tipo &quot;exposición pesada y fastidiosa&quot; son posteriores incluso.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para complicar un poco más las cosas, otros diccionarios del s XIX y XX incluyen otras acepciones adicionales para monserga: Salva (1846), Gaspar y Roig (1855) y Rodrígeuz Navas (1918): Negocio complicado. | Dinero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sobre la etimología: en la edición de 1884 recogen &quot;¿Del al. &lt;em&gt;mengsel&lt;/em&gt;, revoltillo?&quot;; en 1899 la dan como segura, sin los interrogantes: &quot;Del al. &lt;em&gt;mengsel&lt;/em&gt;, revoltillo de palabras&quot;; en 1956 y 1970 &quot;Como el fr. &lt;em&gt;mensonge&lt;/em&gt;, mentira, del lat &lt;em&gt;*mentionica&lt;/em&gt;, ficción, de &lt;em&gt;mentio, -onis&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y en 1984: &quot;Voz popular de etimología difícil&quot; para ya en 1992: &quot;De or. inc.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El diccionario de Corominas analiza diversas hipótesis, sin decantarse por ninguna.  Al inicio del artículo &lt;strong&gt;descarta&lt;/strong&gt; la relación con el &lt;strong&gt;oc. mensorga 'mentira'&lt;/strong&gt; e igualmente &lt;strong&gt;descarta&lt;/strong&gt; la propuesta de un verbo &lt;strong&gt;*monsurgar&lt;/strong&gt; 'darse aires de señor' (derivado del galicismo monsiur = monsieur). Pero al final del artículo recoge &quot;No he querido atenuar ni borrar nada de los argumentos con que me opuse, en el DCEC, a la etimología occitano-catalana de monserga, no sólo porque sigo poniéndola en grave duda sino porque no quiero disimular ninguno de los aspectos del problema. Sin embargo &lt;strong&gt;reconozco que, en 1975, estoy mucho menos seguro de mi negativa, pues realmente yo mismo he encontrado datos que me impiden hoy negar que una forma muy semejante existió en el catalán dialectal de otros tiempos.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; ... &quot;Parece, pues, que en alguna parte del Norte del Principado o Rosellón corrieron realmente, aunque algo raras, estas formas medievales. El problema que subsistiría es ¿cómo pudo esa forma hallar acogida en castellano y no aflorar allí hasta 3 o 400 años más tarde?&quot; Y más adelante &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Algo recuerda las Sergas caballerescas ... pero no hay manera de explicar &lt;em&gt;mon-&lt;/em&gt; y además la aparición del vocablo es muy tardía.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y varías hipótesis adicionales: &quot;Podría conjeturarse que venga de un nombre hipocorístico del gato...&quot;, &quot;¿Tal vez de un &lt;em&gt;*monsigata&lt;/em&gt; cruzada con &lt;em&gt;serga&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;,  etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-02T21:49:34.727" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T21:49:34.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26083" CreationDate="2018-05-03T05:17:46.660" Score="2" ViewCount="1233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Linguée.com me sugirió &lt;em&gt;moraleja, conclusión&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;mensaje final&lt;/em&gt; para &quot;take-home message.&quot; No me satisface ninguna de esas opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Take-home message&quot; me da la idea de una conclusión &lt;em&gt;práctica&lt;/em&gt;.  Además, la combinación de palabras tiene algo de especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe otra opción más grata?  (Se permite inventar algo....)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 5/3&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos que puso @Charlie me animaron a inventar algo.  Estoy imaginando una charla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el &lt;strong&gt;chiste&lt;/strong&gt; de todo esto?  Que las técnicas clásicas de (cierto campo científico) se pueden usar, con algunos ajustes, para resolver nuevos problemas de (cierto sub-campo científico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en conversación me gusta más la frase que encontró de 1997:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El mensaje para llevar a casa&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T15:32:31.637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T15:32:31.637" Title="¿Traducción de &quot;take-home message&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26082" CreationDate="2018-05-03T06:05:13.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo usaría alguna de estas variantes, suponiendo que la dice al final de su exposición alguien que está dando una charla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La idea con la que os tenéis que quedar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El concepto/mensaje que os tenéis que llevar a casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo que tiene que quedar claro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una idea tiene que quedar muy clara: es preferible y mucho más beneficioso caminar todos los días una hora que en un solo día caminar 5 horas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis Gutiérrez Serantes, &quot;365 días para vivir con salud&quot;, 2002 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro que traduce literalmente la propuesta en inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El mensaje para llevar a casa es que hay mucha más flexibilidad en nuestro linaje que la que habíamos imaginado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Tiempo, 28/04/1997 : Tiempo de Ciencia (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si prefieres algo más breve y conciso, yo usaría &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpHbqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt; 'qué', 'por qué'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esencia, punto más importante o porqué de una cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo novelesco que ilustra cómo resumir en pocas palabras lo más importante de algo de lo que se ha hablado (o se conoce) previamente, usando &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Método, entrenamiento y concentración, ese es el quid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;María Manuela Reina, &quot;Alta seducción&quot;, 1989 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y personalmente no descartaría &lt;em&gt;moraleja&lt;/em&gt; tan rápido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pm5dKdp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moraleja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;moral&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-eja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Lección o enseñanza que se deduce de un cuento, fábula, ejemplo, anécdota, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo resistirme a exponer el siguiente ejemplo que acabo de encontrar en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuento corto: este poderoso Mew2 conoce el lenguaje humano y se comunica por telepatía. Cuando Mew2 descubre que es resultado de un experimento de clonación, se indigna, mata a los científicos y destruye el laboratorio. Mew2 forma un ejército biodiverso de clones para dominar o destruir el mundo, pero aparece el Mew original, que trata de convencer a su clon que la violencia no resuelve nada. Guerreando, es herido el protagonista Ash quien se transforma en una estatua inerte... hasta que —inspirados por el tesón de su mascota— cada pokemon y su respectivo clon lloran y generan un hálito colectivo de vida que &quot;resucita&quot; a Ash. Conmovido, Mew2 da una oportunidad a los humanos y se retira con su ejército de clones, borrando de las mentes lo ocurrido. [...] Bueno, &lt;strong&gt;la moraleja es simple: el poder del amor triunfa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Revista Bioplanet. Biotecnología para sus negocios, 03-04/2003 : Editorial (Chile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T15:27:18.530" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T15:27:18.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18445" CreationDate="2018-05-03T11:29:41.063" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Prosodic stress changes - &lt;em&gt;espécimen, régimen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tonic vowel shifts in these words since Spanish prosody generally&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; prohibits words with preantepenult stress (&lt;em&gt;sobresdrújulos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, in the very rare case where you have a singular noun with antepenultimate stress which adds a syllable in plural (&lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt;), the stress moves to accommodate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;   &lt;strong&gt;ré&lt;/strong&gt;-gi-men →     re-&lt;strong&gt;gí&lt;/strong&gt;-me-nes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;es-&lt;strong&gt;pé&lt;/strong&gt;-ci-men →  es-pe-&lt;strong&gt;cí&lt;/strong&gt;-me-nes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Irregular latinism - &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the hypothetical *&lt;em&gt;carácteres&lt;/em&gt; would have its stress on the (theoretically) fine antepenultimate syllable, it seems that the change in tonic vowel is just an inherited quirk of how the Latin word was pronounced, not changing in its evolution to Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cha&lt;strong&gt;rac&lt;/strong&gt;ter → ca&lt;strong&gt;rác&lt;/strong&gt;ter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;charac&lt;strong&gt;tē&lt;/strong&gt;rēs → carac&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;res&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... se exceptúa &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, adaptado a la acentuación latina, cuyo plural &lt;em&gt;caracteres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt; está de acuerdo con la acentuación griega y la latina...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Esbozo_de_una_nueva_gram%C3%A1tica_de_la_len.html?id=FMZiAAAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esbozo de una Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 2.3.2b - Apelativos terminados en consonante (1973)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This retention of the Latin stress can also be seen in the Portuguese cognate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ca&lt;strong&gt;rá&lt;/strong&gt;ter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cara&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;res&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Novel words - &lt;em&gt;olécranon, múltiplex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu advises that &lt;em&gt;olécranon&lt;/em&gt; (the upper part of the ulna) is invariant in plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como palabra esdrújula terminada en ene, &lt;em&gt;olécranon&lt;/em&gt; se mantiene invariable en plural: &lt;em&gt;los olécranon&lt;/em&gt; (Tiene más información en &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=plural&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpdI/SrvltConsulta?lema=plural&lt;/a&gt;, g.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/plural-de-olecranon-13914/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Plural de olécranon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the word is pluralized various ways in the few examples I was able to locate of its use in print (&lt;em&gt;olecranones,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2 3 4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;olecránones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;múltiplex&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;multiplexes&lt;/em&gt; is similarly ambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;4. Addendum: other consonant-terminal &lt;em&gt;esdrújulas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; These are the only words in Spanish that I'm aware of that act like this; all other consonant-terminal nouns with an antepenultimate stress are either invariant in their plural form:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;ángelus, ómnibus, páncreas, isósceles, miércoles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;análisis, éxtasis, énfasis, génesis, mímesis, némesis, ósmosis, paréntesis, perífrasis, prótesis, sinéresis, síntesis&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;cáterin, trávelin&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;dóberman, épsilon, ómicron, oxímoron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;, polisíndeton&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;júpiter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;just add an -s:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;currículum(s), déficit(s), hábitat(s), hándicap(s)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;or remove a terminal -n before adding an -s:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;hipérbaton / hipérbatos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;em&gt;oxímoron / oxímoros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1. Both plural forms accepted&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. There are some exceptions however, but as far as I am aware these are exclusively:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; &lt;sup&gt;a. verbs with multiple enclitics, retaining the bare verb's original stress:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;• &lt;strong&gt;cóme&lt;/strong&gt;telo / &lt;strong&gt;habiéndo&lt;/strong&gt;senos / &lt;strong&gt;lléve&lt;/strong&gt;semela&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; &lt;sup&gt;b. adverbs ending in &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; formed from accented adjectives:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;• &lt;strong&gt;épica&lt;/strong&gt;mente / &lt;strong&gt;difícil&lt;/strong&gt;mente / &lt;strong&gt;común&lt;/strong&gt;mente&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NxEiAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22olecranones%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Revista Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Comerciales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YP6HfF4KFxIC&amp;amp;pg=PT151&amp;amp;dq=%22olecranones%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manual de rehabilitación de la columna vertebral&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4. &lt;a href=&quot;http://repositorio.cucba.udg.mx:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/3156/Gonzalez_Munoz_Jaime_Alberto.pdf?sequence=1&amp;amp;isAllowed=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Determinacion de las principales patologias cardiacas, en caninos de la zona metropolitana de guadalajara, mediante el uso de la electrocardiografia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;5. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Figura-1-Estudio-radiologico-del-caso-1-A-y-B-Proyecciones-laterales-de-la-columna_fig1_327783331&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hiperostosis esquelética difusa idiopática: ¿existe un patrón de predominio periférico?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-02-13T12:12:53.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25911" CreationDate="2018-05-03T12:14:15.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi granito de arena: una oración copulativa con verbo elidido (una estructura gramatical bastante frecuente), en este caso comprensible por su sentido religioso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Su cruz: tu luz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:14:15.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26090" CreationDate="2018-05-03T13:03:55.710" Score="6" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una frase como la siguiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta frase se parece a una frase bonita, pero no &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usar &quot;no lo es&quot; en vez de &quot;no la es&quot;, suponiendo que en el segundo fragmento &quot;la&quot; referiría a &quot;la frase&quot;?  Creo que sí -- me suena natural y correcto -- pero en este momento me he quedado en blanco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T21:16:24.240" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T21:16:24.240" Title="¿&quot;No lo es&quot; con objeto femenino?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26088" CreationDate="2018-05-03T13:18:51.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí, usado para sustituir al atributo de la oración, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; actúa como un pronombre de género neutro invariable de tercera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Las chicas eran &lt;em&gt;guapa̲s̲&lt;/em&gt;, ¿verdad? —Sí, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; eran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—La chica era &lt;em&gt;guapa̲&lt;/em&gt;, ¿verdad? —Sí, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; era.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Los chicos eran &lt;em&gt;guapo̲s̲&lt;/em&gt;, ¿verdad? —Sí, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; eran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—El chico era &lt;em&gt;guapo̲&lt;/em&gt;, ¿verdad? —Sí, &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; era.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es lo mismo que el &lt;em&gt;lo/la&lt;/em&gt; de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;verlo, lo dejó en la mesa [el libro]&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;verla, la dejó en la mesa [la manzana]&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(Pronombre personal masculino y neutro de objeto directo (acusativo), tercera persona del singular.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o el &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;lo mismo, lo malo&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(Artículo determinado de género neutro que se usa para sustantivar adjetivos o frases.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:24:36.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26088" CreationDate="2018-05-03T13:25:23.667" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la NGLE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMIDbDgAsxPmtKvK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;37.1i&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnrspzWzJWTkNLhx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;37.1k&lt;/a&gt;), los atributos de los verbos copulativos como &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; se sustituyen por el pronombre neutro &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; independientemente de su género y número.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:25:23.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28" CreationDate="2018-05-03T14:18:34.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @RomanLittleStork that to truly convey the effect achieved with &quot;what's the point?&quot; one has to go on the offensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your particular example, where you want to critically question someone's judgment in bringing headphones to a concert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Audífonos?  ¿Para qué, hombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;hombre&quot; shows you think the other person is doing something stupid/dumb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Audífonos?  ¡Oye, maestro! ¿En serio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, I've used &quot;maestro&quot; (teacher) sarcastically, again, to show I'm questioning the person's judgment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally, I usually use &quot;grano&quot; or &quot;chiste&quot; in situations where, in English, I would use the word &quot;point.&quot;  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My son is rambling on and on.  He forgot to give me the topic before he started.  I might say:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LLegas al grano, por favor. | &lt;em&gt;Could you get to the point, please?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, I've used a strange quasi-imperative here, which is one notch softer than a true imperative, but not as soft as a question (¿Llegas al grano?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I'm describing the headphones at a concert guy to someone else, I might say:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Había un tipo en el concierto anoche que llevó audífonos.  Digo, ¿cuál es el chiste de ir a un concierto de rock, si no vas a entrar de lleno en la experiencia, y hacerte un poco de daño a los oídos? | &lt;em&gt;There was a guy at the concert last night who brought headphones.  Jeez, what's the point of going to a rock concert, if you're not going to go whole hog, and do a little damage to your hearing?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No guarantees any of the above would work outside Mexico, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T14:18:34.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25798" CreationDate="2018-05-03T14:25:35.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según esas definiciones, la única diferencia sería que &quot;desmoldar&quot; conserva el molde, mientras que &quot;desmoldear&quot; lo rompe. ¿No?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues me da que aquí &lt;strong&gt;la que se ha columpiado un poco puede haber sido la RAE&lt;/strong&gt;. Argumentos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay usos de &quot;desmoldear&quot; en los corpus de la Academia que justifiquen tal definición.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el CORDE solo hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=desmoldear&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3 casos&lt;/a&gt;: dos recetas de cocina y un tratado de mecánica, y ni uno solo de ellos dice nada de romper el molde. Si buscamos por &quot;desmolde*&quot; ampliamos a &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=desmolde*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;15 casos&lt;/a&gt;, pero sigue sin haber referencias a romper ningún molde.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Idem para &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=030518%5C014%5CC000O03052018143114234.1204.1200&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20desmoldear%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCREA%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el único ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; que aparece en el CREA (otra receta).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Idem para los 20 casos que se pueden hallar en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CNDHE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CDH&lt;/a&gt; si buscamos por lema. En realidad se corresponden con los mismos documentos que aparecen en CORDE y CREA, pero incluyendo conjugaciones y variantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES XXI&lt;/a&gt;, que también incluye variantes, ni siquiera hay registros de la palabra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay notas en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero General&lt;/a&gt; sobre &quot;desmoldear&quot;. Sí las hay sobre &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_D/LETRA_D_PDF/DESMOLDEO/0002.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desmoldeo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; [PDF], pero ninguna aporta gran información al respecto, y no he podido consultar los libros referenciados (he encontrado el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Administración&lt;/em&gt; de Alcubillas, pero no su apéndice; tampoco hallé el catálogo de la Feria de Muestras de Zaragoza de 1962).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No hay entradas en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt; para &quot;desmoldear&quot;, luego debe ser una incorporación reciente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/desmoldear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de 2014 según el DIRAE&lt;/a&gt;); pero esto no casa con las cero apariciones en el CORPES XXI ni tampoco con que casi todas las obras referidas arriba sean de la primera mitad del siglo pasado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo anterior tenemos que la RAE no ofrece material alguno que justifique su propia decisión de diferenciar las definiciones de &quot;desmoldear&quot; y &quot;desmoldar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero es que, si nos vamos a recursos no académicos, podemos encontrar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Muchos ejemplos de usos de &quot;desmoldear&quot;, en el sentido de &quot;desmoldar&quot;, en obras de ámbito artístico y tecnológico (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22desmoldear%22&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búsqueda en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diccionarios extranjeros (ej. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ILuTMD81z7AC&amp;amp;lpg=PA297&amp;amp;ots=IbEj5lSc2L&amp;amp;dq=%22desmoldear%22%20tecnolog%C3%ADa&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA297#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario Lagenscheidt de tecnología&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) que dan &quot;desmoldear&quot; y &quot;desmoldar&quot; como sinónimas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ningún resultado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.corpusdelespanol.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;corpus no oficiales&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumiendo&lt;/strong&gt;: el verbo &quot;desmoldear&quot; lleva más de 100 años usándose en castellano con el mismo significado que &quot;desmoldar&quot; y en los mismos ámbitos, y no hay en los corpus públicamente accesibles ningún registro escrito de otro uso que no sea ese, o al menos yo no he encontrado ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es posible que en algún documento o campo específico se usen ambos &quot;desmoldear&quot; y &quot;desmoldar&quot; haciendo esa distinción que muestra el DLE? Posible es, pero desde luego no debe ser un campo muy común, viendo la falta de ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, la definición actual que da el DLE para &quot;desmoldear&quot; no refleja en absoluto el significado real que le dan los hablantes de español. Si estuviésemos hablando de un arcaísmo que ha cambiado su definición, podría comprenderse, pero esta palabra apenas lleva 4 años en el diccionario. Y por eso creo que, en este caso, la que se ha equivocado es la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T14:35:44.453" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T14:35:44.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26028" CreationDate="2018-05-03T18:51:01.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta respuesta dista de ser universal y tal vez sea solo válida en el contexto regional y cultural al que se refiere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el específico caso de las ciudades fronterizas de México con los E.E.U.U. así como al interior de comunidades de inmigrantes predominantemente hispanoparlantes de la Unión Americana, se da con frecuencia este tipo de &quot;saltos&quot; entre un idioma y otro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La incidencia suele ser mayor en el caso de familias que han sufrido algún cisma cultural generacional, por ejemplo, la primera generación de inmigrantes hablan castellano como lengua nativa y sus hijos o segunda generación; han sido educados y han aprendido el inglés como lengua principal en su formación educativa escolar y ademas han aprendido  y usan el castellano como lengua adicional en el ámbito familiar o hacia adentro de sus comunidades que suelen ser relativamente compactas  y tienen el mismo legado cultural u origien nacional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es frecuente escuchar conversaciones completamente fluidas y perfectamente inteligibles en este ambiente al tenor de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The other day at school the teacher assigned us a science project, and I need to ask my &lt;em&gt;abuelo que si me ayuda para hacerlo, solo necesito que me preste&lt;/em&gt; his tools for a few hours &lt;em&gt;y después se las llevo a su trabajo&lt;/em&gt; I just need to borrow them &lt;em&gt;el no necesita hacer nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, bsta con sostener conversaciones frecuentes con miembros de estas comunidades y si se es razonablemente bilingüe, después de cierto tiempo uno mismo hace estos cambios de lenguaje incluso de manera automática e inconsciente, es decir no te das cuenta hasta &lt;em&gt;after the fact&lt;/em&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esto le llaman coloquialmente (de manera &lt;em&gt;jocosamente recursiva&lt;/em&gt;, además) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;switchear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; entre idiomas, Pronunciado a la manera inglesa &lt;em&gt;suich&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo haber escuchado referencias a gerundios y participios siguiendo ambas ortografías, inglesa y &lt;strong&gt;tambien&lt;/strong&gt; castellana: &quot;Fulanito está &lt;em&gt;switcheando&lt;/em&gt; mucho&quot; así como &quot;En ese grupo &lt;em&gt;hacen&lt;/em&gt; mucho &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;switching&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; al ingles&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general creo que es una construcción informal pero en cierta forma sobreenrendida ente los miembros de la comunidad, que conjugan y forman &lt;em&gt;al vuelo&lt;/em&gt; diversas declinaciones en ambos idiomas, surgiendo una especie de &lt;em&gt;creole&lt;/em&gt; o criollo similar al fenómeno ocurrido en las Antillas holandesas con el inglés, holandés y dialectos africanos entreverados, o en la Louisiana en EE. UU. Con el inglés, francés, y dialectos africanos también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que resaltar que el &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;switcheo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un fenómeno distinto a la formación de sustantivos híbridos, cognatos y un vocabulario al que llamamos &lt;em&gt;spanglish&lt;/em&gt; (analogo al &lt;em&gt;Portuñol&lt;/em&gt; que se habla en las regiones fronterizas de Brasil y -supongo- Portugal y España ) y de uso frecuente en la frontera donde predominantemente se habla castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de esos sustantivos &lt;strong&gt;spanglish&lt;/strong&gt; que se usan se manera espontánea en frases totalmente en castellano es el caso de &lt;strong&gt;Parkear&lt;/strong&gt; (estacionar /aparcar /&lt;em&gt;park&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;Apuchar&lt;/strong&gt; (presionar/&lt;em&gt;push&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;Dómpe&lt;/strong&gt; (volqueta / camión de volteo / &lt;em&gt;dump truck&lt;/em&gt; ), &lt;strong&gt;Baika&lt;/strong&gt; (bicicleta / &lt;em&gt;bike&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;Bas&lt;/strong&gt; (autobus, transporte urbano / &lt;em&gt;Bus&lt;/em&gt; ) incluso &lt;strong&gt;Taxis&lt;/strong&gt;, ( sorprendentemente impuestos o &lt;em&gt;taxes&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;Brekas&lt;/strong&gt; (frenos /&lt;em&gt;Brakes&lt;/em&gt;). Hay que subrayar que es rarísimo ver alguna de estas palabras escritas, siendo su uso principalmente verbal &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Insisto, esta respuesta está basada exclusivamente en mi experiencia con comunidades de inmigrantes hispanoparlantes de origen principalmente Mexicano y centroamericano en el área de Los Ángeles, San Diego y Tijuana; y el término &lt;em&gt;Switcheo&lt;/em&gt; se entiende de esta manera irrepectivamente del origen de la comunidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro que habrá algún término más apropiado y universal, pero creí conveniente hacer la &lt;em&gt;anotación regional&lt;/em&gt; debido a las condiciones y prevalencia del fenómeno que he podido experimentar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*): Irresistible ocasión de aplicar el &lt;em&gt;switcheo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T16:50:07.477" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T16:50:07.477" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26142" CreationDate="2018-05-03T21:41:57.903" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;The customer lifecycle can be described as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acquisition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lead conversion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;upsell&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cross-sell&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;churn reduction (aka retention)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you translate these as a businessperson?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adquisición&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conversión de candidatos (really, &quot;candidatos&quot;?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;venta adicional (seems wrong)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;venta cruzada (seems wrong)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;retención (but it would be cool if there was a word for &quot;churn&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13091" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:47:54.720" Title="How do you say marketing words - lead conversion, upsell, churn reduction?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22299" CreationDate="2018-05-04T03:21:02.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ofrezco algunas opciones más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alarmismo, alarmista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siembra de miedo, sembrador de miedo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que los ejemplos de uso y las definiciones no se necesitan.  En caso de que sí, avísame, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T03:21:02.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19693" CreationDate="2018-05-04T03:40:07.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo uso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entrada de coche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(lo cual aprendi en Mexico)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish/search?source=auto&amp;amp;query=entrada%20de%20coche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linguee.com&lt;/a&gt; lo propone también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-04T13:13:58.903" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T13:13:58.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19693" CreationDate="2018-05-04T12:53:20.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como en Colombia nunca usamos &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt; diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;entrada de carros&lt;/em&gt;  o &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;acceso vehicular&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T12:53:20.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-04T13:30:21.917" Score="5" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;At English Language &amp;amp; Usage SE there are sometimes questions about usage that get an answer something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; say that, and people would understand you, but it's not idiomatic.  That is, it doesn't sound natural to a native speaker of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use &lt;em&gt;idiomático&lt;/em&gt; in a similar way in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was assuming yes, but a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2926/c%C3%B3mo-podr%C3%ADamos-clasificar-las-etiquetas-por-tipos-de-sentencias?noredirect=1#comment5174_2926&quot;&gt;comment&lt;/a&gt; has made me doubtful now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference, the DLE definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KuNIbg4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;idiomático&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Propio y peculiar de una lengua determinada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Ling. Dicho generalmente de una expresión lingüística: Que posee un significado no deducible del de los elementos que la&#xA;  componen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to find out is whether, as the comment asserted, &lt;strong&gt;I should not assume&lt;/strong&gt; I can use the two words in a similar way.  And if the answer is, &quot;No, Aparente, be careful with that word, it doesn't match up the way one might think just by looking at it,&quot; then I'd like to understand how they are different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, can I say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podrías decirlo, y se te entendería, pero la frase así como la propones no es idiomática.  Es decir, no se oye natural para un hispanoparlante nativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(See top of question for context.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is that a misuse of the word idiomático?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: ¿Es idiomática la palabra &quot;idiomático&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-31T17:18:51.330" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T17:18:51.330" Title="Is &quot;idiomático&quot; a false friend of &quot;idiomatic&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;false-friend&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26101" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-04T13:43:35.927" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the 1970's in Mexican universities (at least the provincial ones), names of historical figures were routinely translated, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adam Smith --&gt; Adán Smith&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Albert Einstein --&gt; Alberto Einstein&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Karl Marx --&gt; Carlos Marx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this still the case currently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T15:25:30.430" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T15:25:30.430" Title="Are names of international figures still translated routinely in Mexican universities?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;lenguaje-académico&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2019-01-03T07:44:07.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="818" CreationDate="2018-05-04T14:10:45.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer will be specific to Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Joven/joven&lt;/strong&gt; as recommended in some other answers works great.  Other options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;muchacho/muchacha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chavo/chava&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chico/chica&lt;/strong&gt; (I don't use these myself but I've heard them a lot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes: &lt;em&gt;muchacho/muchacha&lt;/em&gt; has a slightly lower age range than &lt;em&gt;joven/joven&lt;/em&gt;; and &lt;em&gt;chico/chica&lt;/em&gt; would be used more often by young people when talking about another young person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that &lt;em&gt;chavo/chava&lt;/em&gt; has a bonus extra meaning: &quot;mi chavo/mi chava* indicates an exclusive romantic relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:10:45.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="359" CreationDate="2018-05-04T14:19:00.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here at Spanish Language Beta SE, we now affectionately call our general chat room &quot;La Tertulia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per [Wikipedia][1], &lt;strong&gt;tertulia&lt;/strong&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a social gathering with literary or artistic overtones, especially in Iberia or in Latin America. Tertulia also means an informal meeting of people to talk about current affairs, arts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generically, I've seen people use &quot;chat&quot; to mean the place (chat room), for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevamos esto al Chat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:19:00.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="441" CreationDate="2018-05-04T14:29:39.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A key feature of &quot;No way!&quot; is that it's short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shortest way I know to express incredulity or skepticism in Spanish is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Cómo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for this to work it has to sound like an interjection, not like a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second shortest way I know is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué va!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which should have a tone of sarcasm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want blatant sarcasm, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ya mero!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is similar to the sarcastic &quot;Yeah, right.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T22:01:45.060" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T22:01:45.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26100" CreationDate="2018-05-04T14:38:36.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are not false cognates, since both derive from the Ancient Greek ἰδιωματικός (&lt;em&gt;idiōmatikós&lt;/em&gt;, “related to an idiom”), but they can be &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;false &lt;em&gt;friends&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (See &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/26683/20700&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more info):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;False friends&lt;/strong&gt; are words in two languages that &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonym&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;look&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homophone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sound&lt;/a&gt; similar, but differ significantly in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, they do coincide in the secondary definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resembling or characteristic of an idiom. // &lt;em&gt;Dicho generalmente de una expresión lingüística: Que posee un significado no deducible del de los elementos que la componen.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so for this, they are neither false cognates nor false friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:38:36.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26100" CreationDate="2018-05-04T14:45:29.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;em&gt;idiomático&lt;/em&gt; could be easily mistaken or simply not understood in Spanish. If you said to me about an expression &lt;em&gt;«Eso no es idiomático»&lt;/em&gt;, I would have to ask for clarification, since I wouldn't understand if you meant &quot;That is not grammatically correct&quot; or &quot;That is not how you say it&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be a bit different if you said, in the affirmative, &lt;em&gt;«Ésa es una expresión idiomática»&lt;/em&gt;, because that would ring a bell and it would correspond to one of the DLE's definitions: it's either a peculiar way of saying a thing or a fixed phrase (an idiom). In the negative, again, it would be confusing: does &lt;em&gt;«Ésa no es una expresión idiomática»&lt;/em&gt; mean &quot;That is not a correct expression&quot; or &quot;That is not a proper expression&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sounding natural to speakers of a given language&quot; and &quot;being peculiar/specific to a given language&quot; are in a sense complementary and can be seen as equivalent. If you feel the need to specify that a certain expression &quot;sounds natural to speakers of language X&quot;, it's probably because it doesn't sound natural to you, who speak another language, because it's &quot;peculiar to language X&quot;. Otherwise you wouldn't mention it at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T14:45:29.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26108" CreationDate="2018-05-04T15:20:44.093" Score="4" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba viendo el significado de 2 palabras en otro idioma y una es traducida al español como &quot;hablar&quot; y la otra como &quot;decir&quot;. Eso me hizo preguntarme, tenemos alguna diferencia en nuestro idioma entre estas 2 palabras, o quieren decir exactamente lo mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T22:30:21.857" Title="Hay alguna diferencia en connotación entre las palabras hablar y decir?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26107" CreationDate="2018-05-04T16:25:34.097" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diferencias gramaticales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JvzNhyI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hablar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es intransitivo en casi todas sus acepciones. Es transitivo en &lt;em&gt;«hablar un idioma»&lt;/em&gt; y es pronominal cuando significa &quot;tener trato o comunicación con alguien&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BxLriBU%7C&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;decir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es transitivo en todas sus acepciones comunes, y es pronominal cuando significa &quot;pensar&quot; (&lt;em&gt;«Me dije que...»&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por ser intransitivo, &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; no se usa para el discurso indirecto como &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;«Ella me dijo que...»&lt;/em&gt;), ya que no puede llevar una oración subordinada como objeto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diferencias semánticas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la facultad del habla más o menos en abstracto y al ejercicio de esa facultad sin importar tanto su contenido: decimos que una persona &lt;em&gt;habla mal, mucho, en voz alta, en varios idiomas&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, nos referimos &lt;strong&gt;al modo en que habla, no a lo que expresa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, por el contrario, se refiere &lt;strong&gt;al contenido expresado, sin importar tanto su modo&lt;/strong&gt;, hasta el punto en que usamos el verbo aunque no se trate literalmente de palabras dichas de una persona a otra, sino también cuando se trata de palabras escritas hace siglos en un libro, enviadas por carta o e-mail, etc.: decimos que una persona o un libro &lt;em&gt;dice esto o aquello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta cierto punto se pueden convertir algunas expresiones con &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; en expresiones con &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; y viceversa usando complementos. Con &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; nos interesa lo dicho; podemos también decir de qué modo lo dijo, pero no siempre de la misma manera que con &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;: decimos &lt;em&gt;habla alto&lt;/em&gt; pero &lt;em&gt;dice (algo) en voz alta&lt;/em&gt;. A la inversa, con &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; nos interesa el acto del habla o la comunicación, pero podemos añadir el tema: &lt;em&gt;«este libro habla de...»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente hay más pero creo que esta diferencia de enfoque (en el acto y su modalidad vs. en el contenido expresado) es la principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T16:25:34.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26107" CreationDate="2018-05-04T22:30:21.857" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ya te han respondido, la diferencia principal entre &quot;hablar&quot; y &quot;decir&quot; es tanto gramatical como de significado. Son, en definitiva, dos palabras bien distintas, aunque a veces se pueden intercambiar como si fueran sinónimos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si lo que tú buscas es, como plantea la pregunta, una diferencia de &lt;em&gt;connotación&lt;/em&gt;, entonces hay que aclarar que eso depende del contexto en el que se dicen, ya que el &lt;em&gt;valor&lt;/em&gt; connotativo de una palabra (su &quot;significado oculto&quot;, por decirlo de alguna manera) es relativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una oración como la siguiente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El diputado &lt;em&gt;habló&lt;/em&gt; mucho pero &lt;em&gt;dijo&lt;/em&gt; poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;las palabras están significando lo que indica la primera definición del diccionario: &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;emitir palabras&quot; y &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;manifestar el pensamiento con palabras&quot;. Sin embargo, son palabras opuestas por su connotación: &quot;hablar&quot; es negativo (las palabras son solo sonidos) mientras que &quot;decir&quot; es positivo (las palabras contienen ideas). Esta oposición de significados en esta oración en concreto es una diferencia de connotación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T22:30:21.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26111" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-05T04:29:31.417" Score="0" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a reasonably well-known fact that in casual conversation it's usually easier for a Portuguese speaker to understand Spanish than for a Spanish speaker to understand Portuguese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about speakers of European Spanish vs. speakers of American Spanish?  Which direction is easier in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My hunch is that it's easier for someone from Spain to understand someone from Mexico or Colombia, for example, than for someone from Mexico or Colombia to understand someone from Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T21:24:14.887" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T08:27:12.080" Title="Which direction is easier (Spain, Latin America)?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2018-05-10T01:52:05.050" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26113" CreationDate="2018-05-05T11:21:51.703" Score="5" ViewCount="1240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish has many &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Diphthongs_and_triphthongs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diphthongs&lt;/a&gt;, but I have never noticed 'ou' appearing in a word except for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=603lUyF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bou&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (a Catalan loanword), the surname &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Bouso%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bousoño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and the Kantian term &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QerPXfG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;noúmeno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sound does occur across word boundaries - &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;teng&lt;strong&gt;o u&lt;/strong&gt;na casa&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; etc - and in some compound words e.g. &lt;em&gt;estadounidenses, genitourinario, finoúgrio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any other Spanish words that contain the combination of vowels /ou/&lt;/strong&gt; (as a diphthong or in hiatus)&lt;strong&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm not including un-assimilated French/English loanwords like &lt;em&gt;coulis, rouge, touche, roulotte, bourbon, house&lt;/em&gt; etc as they tend to be pronounced similarly to the original voice i.e. /u/ or /au/ e.g. in &lt;em&gt;sioux&lt;/em&gt; and its assimilated form &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y31M8wW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;siux&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, or in &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RLWOVVw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;output&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Bowen and Stockwell do not list /ow/ (written /ou/ in this note) among their syllabic nuclei. It occurs in admittedly rare forms such as &lt;em&gt;bou&lt;/em&gt; 'fishing with a net dragged by two boats' and the proper name &lt;em&gt;Bousoño&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/411006&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;A Note on Spanish Semivowels&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Sol Saporta (1956)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-15T12:55:34.577" Title="Does the vowel combination /ou/ appear in any Spanish words?" Tags="&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26112" CreationDate="2018-05-05T13:54:48.057" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Realizando una búsqueda para palabras que contienen &quot;ou&quot; en el DLE, se genera la siguiente lista: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;bou, proustiano, soul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;estadounidense, estadounidismo, genitourinario&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;art nouveau, boutade, boutique, coulis, gouache, gourmet, mousse, rouge, roulotte, souvenir, tour, tour de force, tournée, troupe&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;choucroute&lt;/em&gt; (chucrut), &lt;em&gt;glamour&lt;/em&gt; (glamur), &lt;em&gt;coulomb&lt;/em&gt; (culombio), &lt;em&gt;goulash&lt;/em&gt; (gulasch), &lt;em&gt;joule&lt;/em&gt; (julio), &lt;em&gt;sioux&lt;/em&gt; (siux), &lt;em&gt;soufflé&lt;/em&gt; (suflé)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;bourbon, boy scout, chill out&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, country&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, house&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, output, underground&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La búsqueda para palabras que contienen &quot;oú&quot; solo arroja dos resultados:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;finoúgrio (también fino-ugrio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;noúmeno &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver, son todo extranjerismos (en cursiva - sin cursiva la adaptación española) o compuestos (como estadounidense, finoúngrio), por lo que además de los casos contemplados en la pregunta (&lt;strong&gt;bou&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;noúmeno&lt;/strong&gt;), únicamente &lt;strong&gt;proustiano&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;soul&lt;/strong&gt; (como señala acertadamente walen) cumplen los requisitos pedidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Estilos de música.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-08-15T12:55:34.577" LastActivityDate="2018-08-15T12:55:34.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26115" CreationDate="2018-05-05T15:34:03.220" Score="4" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my text this is given as a correct answer of reported speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me dijo se alegraba&lt;/strong&gt; de que pudiera ir con ellos a la función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it not required to have the connector &quot;que&quot; after the word &quot;dijo&quot;? Is it really optional? Shouldn't it be &quot;Me dijo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; se alegraba&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18642" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T14:24:48.533" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:24:48.533" Title="Is it required to have the connector &quot;que&quot; in reported speech?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26114" CreationDate="2018-05-05T16:08:17.940" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say your textbook is not correct. At least I would consider it wrong, as I've never heard a sentence like that and I'm sure it's not standard Spanish (though it might be correct in some dialects). &lt;em&gt;Decir&lt;/em&gt; plus a full subordinate sentence in this kind of structure is always followed by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, just as you said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some cases where the &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; is not used before a subordinate in reported speech. One such case is when the subordinate has a verb in the infinitive, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dijo alegrarse de que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;He said he was glad that..&amp;quot; (literally: &amp;quot;He said to be glad that...&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Afirmó no saber nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;He stated he knew nothing.&amp;quot; (lit. &amp;quot;He stated to know nothing.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works only if the subject of the verb &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; (or whatever) is the same as the subject of the subordinate, of course. Note you cannot say &lt;em&gt;*Me dijo alegrarse&lt;/em&gt;; it's simply not done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes people do not use &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; before a subordinate with verbs like &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;solicitar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le solicitamos no diga nada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;We ask that you say nothing.&amp;quot; (lit. &amp;quot;We request you say nothing.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pido a usted tenga a bien...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I ask that you kindly...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is reserved for formal requests mostly and cannot be used with most verbs (certainly not with &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T16:08:17.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26114" CreationDate="2018-05-05T16:24:34.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Que&quot; is mandatory in this case, as pablodf76 states. The correct statement would be:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dijo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; se alegraba de que pudiera ir con ellos a la función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can omit &quot;que&quot; only if you are quoting, but then you need quotation marks. Thus, you could also say:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me dijo: &quot;Me alegro de que ....&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  He said: &quot;I'm glad that ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-05T16:38:03.367" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T16:38:03.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26126" CreationDate="2018-05-05T17:17:18.557" Score="3" ViewCount="4636" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge, dentro del artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6lMDpXZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caldo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, la expresión &lt;strong&gt;caldo de gallina&lt;/strong&gt; que define como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esp. Tabaco de picadura poco elaborado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esa expresión? ¿Se sigue utilizando?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T09:05:12.527" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T19:41:24.670" Title="¿Por qué el &quot;caldo de gallina&quot; es un tabaco de picadura poco elaborado?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26119" CreationDate="2018-05-06T02:23:02.750" Score="4" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the obscure yet elegant rules for acronyms in Spanish is to repeat an initial to indicate a plural noun in the acronym. Such is the case of &lt;strong&gt;E.E.U.U.&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt; (United States) or &lt;strong&gt;F.F.C.C.&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;Ferrocarriles&lt;/em&gt; (Trains) lit. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ferrous ways.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen this rule applied when only some of the nouns are plural an other nouns are singular, v.gr &lt;strong&gt;F.F.C.C.M.&lt;/strong&gt; the acronym for &lt;em&gt;Ferrocarriles de México.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I've often seen the abbreviation for &lt;em&gt;Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;U.R.S.S.&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;U.R.R.S.S.S.&lt;/strong&gt; as the rule would imply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that a Single &lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt; Is used in this case since it refers to a singular union from a plurality of Soviet Socialist Republics, Soviet being a singular adjective to a plurality of Socialist Republics (Soviet Socialist republic being only one of many different kinds of Socialist Republics); hence a Single &lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;Soviéticas&lt;/em&gt; and two &lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;em&gt;Socialistas&lt;/em&gt; in contrast to &lt;strong&gt;E.E.U.U.&lt;/strong&gt; which refers to a plurality of States (E.E./Estados) that happen to be United (U.U./Unidos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a formal exception to the rule or is this an example of rule hierarchy for acronyms, say avoiding cacophony taking precedence over the rule of doubling a noun's initial to indicate plurals? Is this a case of simplicity and legibility being preferable to confusion caused by elegant complexity? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T12:12:02.353" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:42:34.260" Title="U.R.S.S. or U.R.R.S.S.S. correct acronym" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26118" CreationDate="2018-05-06T02:53:55.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The actual abbreviations are EE. UU., FF. CC. M., etc.  The doubling of letters is when it's just an abbreviation abbreviation — only written but never spoken (as opposed to initialisms [acronyms] like &lt;em&gt;la ONU&lt;/em&gt; which is read as /'o.nu/ or as &lt;em&gt;ONG&lt;/em&gt; read as letters).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that way, the expected abbreviation for the USSR in Spanish would be &lt;strong&gt;U. RR. SS. SS.&lt;/strong&gt; (note where the periods and spaces are).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These rules are, of course, not strictly followed as it's rare to find consistent use of EE. UU., although that is the correct abbreviation.  Searching in Google Books, you can actually find instances of U. RR. SS. SS. being used.   On the other hand, if the standard way of reading it is not to say &lt;em&gt;Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas&lt;/em&gt; (thus being an abbreviation) but to read it as &lt;em&gt;u erre ese ese&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;urs&lt;/em&gt; (an initialism), then the correct way to write it is &lt;strong&gt;URSS&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T13:42:34.260" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:42:34.260" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4211" CreationDate="2018-05-06T04:27:39.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Diccionario de la Lengua Española has as one of its definitions of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EwwHYTQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;encajar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Coincidir, estar de acuerdo con un proyecto, idea o hipótesis. &lt;em&gt;Esta noticia encaja con lo que suponíamos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the sentence you cited is almost good.  It's missing the preposition &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; which is part of the expression.  Let's see if we can correct it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada niño toma un número de cubos que encaja con el número de letras en su nombre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;em&gt;Each child takes the number of cubes that matches the number of letters in his name.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, I took &quot;igual&quot; out because it was superfluous.  Also, at second look, I changed the verb to singular to agree with &quot;número.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A casual reader or listener would be able to understand the original sentence, but it would sound a bit off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T20:42:34.047" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T20:42:34.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1406" CreationDate="2018-05-06T04:47:36.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This construction is common in Spanish, and you'll get used to it over time.  The transitive version and the pronominal version (which has a reflexive pronoun) have related, but different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te encuentras bien? | &lt;em&gt;Are you well?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me desorienté. | &lt;em&gt;I became disoriented.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siéntate. | &lt;em&gt;Have a seat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Estate quieto! | &lt;em&gt;Be still!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T04:47:36.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26114" CreationDate="2018-05-06T14:50:27.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For comparison, in English, although I haven't seen this documented: In informal writing, there is a style sometimes used, of using quoted speech without quotation marks.  You can make it clearer by setting off the quote with a comma and/or starting the quote with a capital letter.  I've usually seen this used with short quotes.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The nurse offered me the bedpan.  I demurred.  She said, Then I'll have to catheterize you.  I bit the bullet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I could imagine something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dijo, Se alegraba de que pudiera ir con ellos a la función.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that sentence doesn't have an informal tone, so it seems anachronistic.  This might be more realistic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dijo, Se alegraba de que pudiera acompañarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But even if one can do this in Spanish, which I'm not completely certain of, it seems strange for a textbook.  Could you tell us the textbook, edition and page number so we can see the context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T14:50:27.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1251" CreationDate="2018-05-06T15:14:24.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer will focus on &lt;em&gt;verbs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't mind sounding a bit like a canned translation of an article, you can use &quot;jugar favoritos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conversation, common ways of dealing with this are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consentir&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/consentir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt;: to spoil)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mamá le consentía a mi hermano, pero era muy estricta conmigo. | &lt;em&gt;My mother spoiled my brother but was very strict with me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener preferencia&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/spanish-english/preferencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tiene una clara preferencia por la hija mayor&lt;/em&gt; | he has a clear preference for his eldest daughter / his eldest daughter is his clear favourite)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mamá tenia preferencia por mi hermano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T15:14:24.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26127" CreationDate="2018-05-06T15:38:36.573" Score="1" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;In asking my &lt;em&gt;cuñado&lt;/em&gt; that he &quot;say hello to the family&quot;, I said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Salúdales a la familia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used the plural 3rd-person &lt;em&gt;-les&lt;/em&gt; with a singular but collective noun (&lt;em&gt;familia&lt;/em&gt;), because I was referring to my brother-in-law's wife and children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this grammatically correct in Spanish? (Although I'm certain he understood me without any trouble.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11728" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T16:56:20.760" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T22:23:06.767" Title="Number agreement with imperative voice and collective noun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1251" CreationDate="2018-05-06T16:30:08.483" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To play favorites&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Jugar a favoritos&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Más jugados&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He is favorite of the teacher&lt;/em&gt; -&gt;   &lt;strong&gt;Es el enchufado de la maestra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19386" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T17:24:05.693" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T17:24:05.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26117" CreationDate="2018-05-06T19:24:35.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos razones propuestas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El caso era fumar. Los domingos sacábamos el &lt;em&gt;cuarterón&lt;/em&gt; (paquete de tabaco&#xA;  picado) o la &lt;em&gt;cajetilla&lt;/em&gt; (la mitad de un cuarterón) y, si los había, unos &lt;em&gt;ideales&lt;/em&gt; extra. &lt;strong&gt;A estos cigarrillos se les llamaba “caldo de gallina”, porque eran de más calidad que los otros y sentaban como un caldo de ave en tiempos de&#xA;  tanto sacrificio.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd37/pt41p37.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tabaquismo durante la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1939)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, M. Cortés Blanco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los años de la Guerra Civil escaseaba el tabaco, pero también en la posguerra, había fumadores empedernidos que llegaban a intercambiar vales de racionamiento de comida por unos perreros  (un tipo especial de cigarro), y muchos trataron de sustituir el tabaco por distintas plantas que se pudieran fumar: hojas de salvia, de higuera, de patata, pámpana de la vid... otros recogían las colillas del suelo, las desmenuzaban y volvían a liar, era un verdadero gozo disponer de un cuarterón (paquete de tabaco picado) o de la cajetilla (la mitad de un cuarterón) y, si los había, de unos Ideales, cigarrillos que venían burdamente empaquetados individualmente y había que reliar, &lt;strong&gt;se les llamaba caldo de gallina por el color caldoso del papel.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tuche.es/el-tabaco-que-fumabamos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tabaco que fumabamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El tabaco de cajetilla, los ideales, o caldo de gallina. Se denominaba así por el color del papel en que venía liado, un color como el del caldo, amarillento. Era el color del papel el que le proporcionaba el nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pacorivera.galiciae.com/?p=7385&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;http://pacorivera.galiciae.com&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se les llamaba &quot;caldo de gallina&quot; por el color &quot;caldoso&quot; del papel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.entredosamores.es/campo%20de%20criptana/textocriptana8.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;http://www.entredosamores.es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/snPvr.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/snPvr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T19:41:24.670" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T19:41:24.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26124" CreationDate="2018-05-06T22:23:06.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that is wrong. The pronoun &lt;em&gt;-les&lt;/em&gt; (which is plural) does not agree with the noun phrase &lt;em&gt;la familia&lt;/em&gt; (which is singular). Moreover, it is redundant. You can say simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saluda a la familia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or more naturally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale saludos a la familia.&lt;/em&gt; OR&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Mándale saludos a la familia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some cases where you can refer to a collective noun using a plural pronoun, but this happens mostly with nouns like &lt;em&gt;grupo&lt;/em&gt; or with numerals that work like a collective noun like &lt;em&gt;millón&lt;/em&gt; when followed by &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + a plural noun, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un grupo de personas nos esperaban afuera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;A group of people were waiting for us outside.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un millón de manifestantes inundaron las calles.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;A million protestors flooded the streets.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Familia&lt;/em&gt; doesn't usually work this way. I've heard people say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toda la familia estábamos muy preocupados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The whole family *were very worried.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I don't think that's correct, or if it is, it's not something you as a student of Spanish should learn right now, because it's not standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people might also say, in your place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salúdame a la familia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;Say hello to the (=our/your) family for me.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's called &lt;strong&gt;dative of interest&lt;/strong&gt; and it's grammatically correct and rather common in Spanish. A more formal way would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saluda a la familia de mi parte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;em&gt;de mi parte&lt;/em&gt; means both &amp;quot;from me&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;on my behalf&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T22:23:06.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20195" CreationDate="2018-05-07T03:01:13.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las ideas de @Charlie inspiraron esta traducción: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enseñar por medio de actividades estimulantes y retadoras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La frase será de mayor utilidad y flexibilidad si se plantea en forma infinitiva.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La idea básica tiene que ver con la enseñanza, por lo que empiezo con &lt;em&gt;enseñar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se exhorta el oyente a utilizar ciertas técnicas pedagógicas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se necesita una consigna que se oiga natural.  Para ello funcionan bien estas formas: &lt;em&gt;(Verbo) por medio de&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;(Verbo) a través de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;To engage&quot;, a mi aviso, quiere decir &lt;em&gt;estimular el interés del estudiante.&lt;/em&gt;  Material que es &lt;em&gt;engaging&lt;/em&gt; es lo menos &lt;em&gt;seco&lt;/em&gt; posible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para lograr un alto nivel de &lt;em&gt;engagement&lt;/em&gt;, hay que usar un método &lt;em&gt;activo&lt;/em&gt;.  De ahí, las &lt;em&gt;actividades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quedaría más fiel a las palabras originales &quot;actividades estimulantes y retos&quot; pero una estructura paralela será más pegadiza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Challenger&quot; no se debe traducir muy precisamente, con sustantivo, porque se oye raro en inglés y más raro aún en español.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tono de la frase original es publicitario, así que lograr una frase melíflua es más importante que mantener el orden original de palabras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26143/9385&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26143/9385&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T14:53:56.623" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:53:56.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2018-05-07T03:19:27.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This differs from region to region, even within countries. I speak Ecuadorian Spanish, and though we have such a small country you can hear the following pronunciations of the ll: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Classic Central Andean Accent: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; #1 (distinction between LL and Y) with: LL realized as [ʒ] and Y realized as [ʝ]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; #2 (stigmatized, correlated with lower classes) with: LL realized as /ʃ/ and Y realized as [ʝ]. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;: Generally seen among the younger generation, especially in more urban areas like Quito. Both sounds are realized as [ʝ]. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Northern (Pastuso/Carchense) Accent: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; #3: LL realized as /li/ and Y realized as [ʝ]. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Southern Andean Accent: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classical &lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt;: LL realized as /ʎ/ and Y realized as [ʝ]. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coastal Accent:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yeísmo&lt;/em&gt; generalized. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Amazonian Accent: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depends, but there is even an accent of &lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; with the following distinction: LL realized as [tʃ] and Y realized as [ʝ].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin... It's very interesting to see how the language has changed over time. One of the reasons &lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; has remained strong in Ecuador is that there is &lt;em&gt;lleísmo&lt;/em&gt; within Quichua. I wonder if the older languages spoken in the central Andes didn't have /ʎ/ and only [ʒ] and this is why Quichua words like &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.glosbe.com/qu/es/Killa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Killa&lt;/a&gt; are realized with the [ʒ] in this region. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, it's also interesting to see how the language is changing quickly towards &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt; in all regions, especially with what seems to be a new pan-Latin American standardized conception of an accent rising. We can all choose to pronounce the way we want to, but it's funny, in the United States I do get a lot of heads turned for my [ʒ] pronunciation, especially with Mexicans, who seem to have not heard this pronunciation in their country. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19388" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T07:40:32.240" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T07:40:32.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2018-05-07T03:36:36.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; does not mean &quot;to like&quot;, so it's pointless to try to make it an imperative for the person, as the person who either likes or dislikes something is the OBJECT of the sentence (not the one performing the action).  &quot;Gústate&quot; almost sounds like you're telling someone to taste something (although we'd use probar for that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few suggestions that would more closely approximate what you're trying to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Favorece esta comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prefiere esta comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Di que te gusta esta comida (say that you like this meal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ponle &quot;me gusta&quot; a esta comida (give this meal a &quot;like&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that the above suggestions are written for the tú form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T13:22:42.977" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:22:42.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26138" CreationDate="2018-05-07T03:54:10.820" Score="4" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few samples of to have something done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to have my house painted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to have my office cleaned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will have him hospitalized if he appears suicidal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the above examples could be expressed in a way that avoids the verb &amp;quot;to have&amp;quot; (such as &amp;quot;quiero que me limpien la oficina...&amp;quot;), but is there a way to express these ideas without such circumlocution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:09:36.403" Title="How do we express the concept of having something done in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26131" CreationDate="2018-05-07T05:31:09.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;hacer que&quot; + action, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am going to have my house painted.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → &lt;em&gt;Voy a hacer que pinten mi casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → &lt;em&gt;Me voy a hacer pintar la casa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → &lt;em&gt;Voy a hacer que me pinten la casa.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to have my office cleaned.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → Quiero hacer que limpien mi oficina.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → Quiero hacer que me limpien la oficina.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will have him hospitalized if he appears suicidal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → Voy a hacer que lo hospitalicen si muestra tendencias suicidas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → Haré que lo hospitalicen si muestra tendencias suicidas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  → Lo haré hospitalizar si muestra tendencias suicidas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And similar variations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider that this is not the usual way to say such things in Spanish, at least in my experience: normally you would just say &quot;Me van a pintar la casa&quot;, &quot;Quiero que me limpien la oficina&quot; or &quot;Lo hospitalizaré si muestra tendencias suicidas&quot;, directly using the main verb instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T12:57:12.347" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T12:57:12.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26134" CreationDate="2018-05-07T06:49:23.327" Score="5" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This edition of the translation-golf has ended! The winner is @walen with a translation of just &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26134/12637&quot;&gt;86 characters&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game! If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an excerpt from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHAUsN4PBrc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bruce Lee's speech&lt;/a&gt; that went famous in Spain due to a commercial some years ago:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don’t get set into one form, adapt it and build your own, and let it grow, be like water. Empty your mind, be formless, shapeless — like water. Now you put water in a cup, it becomes the cup; you put water into a bottle it becomes the bottle; you put it in a teapot it becomes the teapot. Now water can flow or it can crash. Be water, my friend.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(259 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own, non-golfed translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; No te establezcas en una forma, adáptala y construye la tuya propia, y déjala crecer, sé como el agua. Vacía tu mente, sé amorfo, moldeable, como el agua. Si pones agua en una taza se convierte en la taza. Si pones agua en una botella se convierte en la botella. Si la pones en una tetera se convierte en la tetera. El agua puede fluir o puede chocar. Sé agua, amigo mío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(286 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: in previous games there has been an excessive amount of sentence synthesis with many things left implied in the translations and not explicitly expressed. So for this game I will not accept answers that do not explicitly express in the translation each one of the concepts presented:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The concept of one own's adapatability and growing of the first sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The concept of emptying one's mind of the second sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The concept of water adaptability of the third sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The two uses of water of the four sentence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The closing conclusion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please, do not just answer with &quot;sé agua&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;I will reward your creative uses of vocabulary and grammar over just making sentences disappear.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-14T06:16:44.187" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T06:16:44.187" Title="Translation Golf XL - Be water, my friend" Tags="&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-07T07:06:59.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2018-05-07T07:31:39.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;86&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Adapta la forma a ti, que crezca, &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;vacía tu mente, sé &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2PoFcRh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;amorfo&lt;/a&gt; -- &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;cual agua que en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5mF9ykd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bol&lt;/a&gt; se hace bol. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;va&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35#M3iiYtu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;da&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Sé agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T07:31:39.580" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-07T07:31:39.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2805" CreationDate="2018-05-07T10:14:45.247" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/em&gt; = something changed&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;aún&lt;/em&gt; = something stayed the same&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; map neatly onto &lt;em&gt;still/yet&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;already&lt;/em&gt; respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are you &lt;strong&gt;still&lt;/strong&gt; here? — &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; estás aquí?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She has &lt;strong&gt;yet&lt;/strong&gt; to do it. — &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; tiene que hacerlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He has &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; eaten. — &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; ha comido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trouble is that it's not always a nice 1-1 map of words. In some circumstances, the same word is used for both situations in English, and you need to ask yourself, &lt;strong&gt;Has something changed (&lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt;) or has something not changed (&lt;em&gt;todavía&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has he done it &lt;strong&gt;yet&lt;/strong&gt;? — &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; lo ha hecho?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;change: not done it → done it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He hasn't done it &lt;strong&gt;yet&lt;/strong&gt;. — &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todavía&lt;/strong&gt; no lo ha hecho&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;code&gt;no change&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This idea will also help you navigate the situations where &lt;em&gt;ya&lt;/em&gt; doesn't translate neatly to one word in English - it can be used just as a marker to indicate that something has changed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; lo sé.&lt;/em&gt; — &lt;strong&gt;Now&lt;/strong&gt; I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; verás como te gusta.&lt;/em&gt; — (literally) You will see how you like it. / (figuratively) You'll come to like it. &lt;code&gt;now you don't like it, in the future you will - change&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacemos el ejercicio, lo corregimos, y &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; — We'll do the exercise, correct it, and &lt;strong&gt;then&lt;/strong&gt; we'll be done. &lt;code&gt;change&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://itsnachotime.com/ya/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://itsnachotime.com/ya/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T12:31:41.563" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T12:31:41.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26111" CreationDate="2018-05-07T10:44:21.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There should be no real difference in which direction you go to learn the other dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&#xA;Both regions can't avoid to be exposed to the other dialects. In fact there is not a great difference between the Spanish spoken in the Canary islands and the Spanish spoken in Colombia (source &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto_canario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutual intelligilibility is given when the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formants&lt;/a&gt; of the dialects are similar. Portuguese contains more formants of Spanish than the other way around, that makes Portuguese native speaker understanding Spanish easier than the other direction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The formants for dialects of Spanish are almost identical. The only differences in the pronunciation are &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1ol_de_Am%C3%A9rica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yeísmo and seseo&lt;/a&gt;. Both imply sounds which already exist in the language and speakers of both areas are used to hearing. So it should make little or no difference which direction learners go to understand the other dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="18409" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T08:27:12.080" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T08:27:12.080" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23062" CreationDate="2018-05-07T10:50:03.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?berzotas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este diccionario etimológico español en línea&lt;/a&gt; hay una aclaración muy buena, acerca de la etimología de la palabra berzotas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El vocablo es un aumentativo con sufijo -ote/-ota (aumentativo y&#xA;  despectivo), sufijo de origen provenzal y francés (-ot/-et) originado&#xA;  al parecer en una variante latina vulgar con geminación expresiva&#xA;  -ittus/-uttus, variante del latín -itus/-utus. Y es un aumentativo sobre la palabra berza. Berza designa a la col o a las variedades más&#xA;  toscas de la col, pero también sobre todo a la tosca berza de pastor o&#xA;  cenizo, verdura silvestre comestible y muy áspera, considerada de muy&#xA;  escaso valor. Unas berzas, y más unas &quot;berzotas&quot; son algo tosco, bruto&#xA;  e indigerible, aparte de algo con vida vegetativa y sin entendimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="18409" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T08:32:12.450" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T08:32:12.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26131" CreationDate="2018-05-07T12:46:42.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't vouch for other regions, but in Mexico at least, there is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mandar a (verb)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mandé a hacer un traje. | &lt;em&gt;I'm having a suit made / made to order /&#xA;  custom made.&lt;/em&gt; OR &lt;em&gt;I ordered a suit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se puede mandar a limpiar la oficina? | &lt;em&gt;Would it be possible to have the office cleaned?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a mandar a pintar la casa. | &lt;em&gt;We're going to have the house&#xA;  painted.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Notes:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Mexico custom work by a seamstress or tailor (or even a shoemaker) is more accessible than in the US, where a custom dress is typically very expensive and is generally only found in a wedding context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;About the office example: I phrased it as a question, since cultural expectations of politeness would lead one to avoid sounding too direct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the hospitalization example, I'm guessing the action would not be external, as in the other examples.  So I think this would be expressed, in most cases, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo tendré que internar si lo veo suicida.&#xA;  | &lt;em&gt;I'll have to put him in the hospital if he seems suicidal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extension to &lt;em&gt;ordering&lt;/em&gt; an item, by mail order or internet shopping&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mandé a pedir la lavadora porque por acá no surten el modelo que me interesaba. | &lt;em&gt;I ordered the washing maching because the model I wanted wasn't available locally.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T13:09:36.403" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:09:36.403" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26140" CreationDate="2018-05-07T13:52:30.337" Score="3" ViewCount="23269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia me surge la duda de cómo se llamará un empleado &lt;em&gt;raso&lt;/em&gt; de una empresa bancaria. A saber, la persona que te atiende en la ventanilla, o incluso el director de una sucursal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4yQDnIb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Banquero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; designa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dueño o alto directivo de una entidad bancaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que las personas a las que me refiero no estarían representadas en esta definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿hay algún nombre para designar a un empleado de banca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T17:17:06.780" Title="¿Cómo se llama al empleado de un banco? Banquero parece designar solamente al dueño" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26139" CreationDate="2018-05-07T13:52:30.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Se le llama &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bancario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4wd3lRI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bancario, ria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la banca o a los &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4wkKYpU#LwOapkB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bancos&lt;/a&gt; (‖ empresas dedicadas a operaciones financieras). Entidades bancarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Empleado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4wkKYpU#LwOapkB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;banco&lt;/a&gt; (‖ empresa dedicada a operaciones financieras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, a esta definición llegué a través de una noticia en la que habla de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elperiodico.com/es/noticias/onbarcelona/escuchar/enric-montefusco-meridiana-5675058&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enric Montefusco, el exbancario punk que nació en la Meridiana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, un señor que era empleado de banca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu da fe de ello en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/banquero-o-bancario-15905/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Banquero o bancario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T13:52:30.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26139" CreationDate="2018-05-07T14:07:56.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si el empleado hace servicio directo al cliente creo que sería apto decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cajero/cajera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero si el contexto no indica claramente &lt;em&gt;banco&lt;/em&gt; entonces habría que ampliar esto a &lt;em&gt;cajer@ del banco&lt;/em&gt;. Creo que &quot;cajer@&quot; es equivalente al &quot;teller&quot; de inglés, solo que ahí, &quot;teller&quot; solo se usa para bancos, así que ahí no hace falta agregar nada; sin embargo, a veces se agrega &quot;bank&quot; de todas maneras: &quot;bank teller.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se llama por teléfono para hablar con un representante que da servicio al cliente, entonces no se puede usar ni &lt;em&gt;cajer@&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;teller&lt;/em&gt;.  En este caso creo que se utilizaría un término más general -- &lt;em&gt;representante&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, &quot;bancario&quot; me sugiere alguien que está un poco alto en la jerarquía del banco.  Si llamara para ajustar mis (hipotéticas) inversiones, creo que hablaría con un bancario.  Si llamara para pedir un préstamo, creo que hablaría con un &lt;em&gt;oficial de préstamos&lt;/em&gt; o quizás también un bancario.  Pero si llamara para transferir un dinero a la cuenta de mi hijo, creo que sería un término más general -- hablaría con, por ejemplo, un &lt;em&gt;representante del banco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:07:56.283" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26094" CreationDate="2018-05-07T14:47:54.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a businessperson, but here's what I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.puromarketing.com/44/19392/ciclo-vida-cliente-parte-fundamental-plan-marketing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marketing articles&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digitalresponse.es/blog/ciclo-de-vida-del-usuario-herramientas-email-marketing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blogs&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish, as well as other sources I checked (like Wikipedia), seem to agree in translating &lt;strong&gt;acquisition as &lt;em&gt;adquisición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;conversion as &lt;em&gt;conversión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;retention as &lt;em&gt;retención&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. No surprise here. Just drop the &quot;candidatos&quot; if you don't like it (might be redundant anyways).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Upsell&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;up-sell&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vilmanunez.com/que-es-up-selling-y-que-es-cross-selling/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Some sources&lt;/a&gt; translate it as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;venta adicional&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Seems to be the most used translation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cuadernodemarketing.com/up-selling-y-cross-selling-dos-tecnicas-que-hay-que-utilizar-pero-saber-diferenciar-y-administrar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Others&lt;/a&gt; use the term &quot;sobreventa&quot;. This last term is already being used for &lt;em&gt;overselling&lt;/em&gt;, though, so I wouldn't pick it if I had to choose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.palbin.com/es/blog/p210-cross-selling-y-selling-2-tecnicas-para-vender-mas-en-tu-ecommerce.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Several&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://eduarea.wordpress.com/2012/09/26/que-es-el-upselling-upsells-como-venderle-mas-a-sus-clientes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sources&lt;/a&gt; just use the English term, &quot;upsell&quot;, sometimes &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.hotmart.com/es/que-es-upsell/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;even as a noun&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cross-sell&lt;/strong&gt;: near-unanimity once again, with everybody using the term &quot;&lt;strong&gt;venta cruzada&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, as seen in the linked references for &lt;em&gt;upsell&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venta_cruzada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia uses this term too&lt;/a&gt; (you can switch languages and see how they are the same concept).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Churn reduction&lt;/strong&gt;: here &quot;churn&quot; is just short for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;churn rate&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, which in Spanish is usually translated as &quot;tasa de cancelación&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tasa de abandono&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasa_de_cancelaci%C3%B3n_de_clientes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; once again, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.40defiebre.com/que-es/churn/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some&lt;/a&gt; other &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iebschool.com/blog/que-es-churn-rate-marketing-digital/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sources&lt;/a&gt;). So when talking about &quot;&lt;strong&gt;churn&lt;/strong&gt; (rate) &lt;strong&gt;reduction&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; you can just say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;reducción del&lt;/strong&gt; (o de la tasa de) &lt;strong&gt;abandono&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; if you want to go full Spanish, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.marketingdirecto.com/marketing-general/marketing/el-churn-preocupa-cada-vez-a-mas-empresas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leave &quot;churn&quot; as-is&lt;/a&gt; as some do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:47:54.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12023" CreationDate="2018-05-07T14:49:55.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Previously, &lt;em&gt;engagement&lt;/em&gt; was used mostly in the sense of &quot;commitment&quot;, for example with a cause, movement, mission, etc.  It could be translated as &quot;compromiso,&quot; just as one would do for a couple who is engaged to be married.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we see this word more and more in the sense of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Engage: To attract and hold the attention of; engross: &lt;em&gt;a hobby that engaged her for hours at a time.&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thefreedictionary.com/engage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;American Heritage&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this meaning, which I believe is what you were asking about, I like to use a  down-to-earth term that gets past the buzz word and down to what's really going on when someone is &lt;em&gt;engaged&lt;/em&gt; in learning or playing a game:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;despertar / mantener el interés&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the noun &lt;em&gt;engagement&lt;/em&gt; I would make some adjustments so as to use the verb form, or perhaps use &lt;em&gt;nivel de interés&lt;/em&gt; (level of interest).  (In fact, &quot;level&quot; or &quot;levels&quot; is often part of the original sentence in English.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) This game gets a high level of engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este juego logra mantener el interés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Dynamic learning is an important aspect of engaging the nursing student.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El aprendizaje dinámico es un aspecto importante de despertar y mantener el interés del estudiante de enfermería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Hopefully the rest of the article would have made clear what was meant by &quot;dynamic learning&quot; -- which I took to mean things like hands-on activities, interactive lecture style, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) When engagement is high, teaching is effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con altos niveles de interés, la enseñanza es eficaz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T14:49:55.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26139" CreationDate="2018-05-07T17:17:06.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se acostumbra decir &quot;empleado bancario&quot; para referirse a la persona que trabaja para un banco, sin determinar cuál es la labor que realiza para el banco, por ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los empleados bancarios hicieron huelga para solicitar aumento de&#xA;  salario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;banquero&quot; se usa particularmente para referirse a la persona o personas que sean el o los accionistas mayoritarios de un banco. En el siguiente ejemplo se hace referencia a una persona real en Colombia que es accionista mayoritario de 5 bancos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Sr. Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo es uno de los principales banqueros de&#xA;  Colombia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T17:17:06.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19161" CreationDate="2018-05-07T17:37:11.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo lo que dice en inglés Wikipedia propondría traducirlo como una &quot;Meta grande y ambiciosa&quot;.&#xA;Como sucede muchas veces con esas frases y expresiones que se inventan en inglés, es que desconocemos el contexto (autor, año, etc) en el cual se inventan o crean esas frases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T18:08:50.950" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T18:08:50.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13553" CreationDate="2018-05-07T17:45:15.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se usa la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;reencauche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término surge del mundo del automovilismo, donde &lt;em&gt;reencauchar&lt;/em&gt; es el proceso por el cual a una llanta (o neumático ó goma) usada se le vuelven a grabar los surcos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se habla de &lt;em&gt;reencauche&lt;/em&gt; de canciones, novelas de televisión, series de televisión y películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película de 1998 &quot;You've Got Mail&quot; (conocida en español como &quot;Tienes un e-mail&quot;) es un &lt;em&gt;reencauche&lt;/em&gt; de la película de 1940 &quot;The Shop Around the Corner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T20:04:56.087" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T20:04:56.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23990" CreationDate="2018-05-07T19:39:27.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia estamos usando la palabra &quot;matoneo&quot; para referirse al acoso sistemático y continuo de una persona (o personas) hacia otra sea física o verbalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-05-07T19:39:27.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26152" CreationDate="2018-05-07T22:46:54.047" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given a product name like &quot;MyThing&quot;, (where the name ends in a consonant) how should the plural &quot;MyThings&quot; be translated in Spanish?  I would think it should be simply &quot;Los MyThing&quot;. Writing &quot;Los MyThings&quot; looks funny to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19393" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T07:21:12.387" Title="How should plural English product names (ending with a consonant) be written in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26151" CreationDate="2018-05-08T04:43:25.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frecuentemente lo que uno oye es el nombre común del producto (en plural) seguido del nombre de la marca, lo cual puede ser escrito en cualquier idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los carros Ford&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los cereales Kellogg's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los pianos Steinway&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces, también se ve la inclusión de la palabra &quot;de&quot; (ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;los pianos de Steinway&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T07:21:12.387" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T07:21:12.387" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="749" CreationDate="2018-05-08T05:01:54.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la mayoría de la veces, las palabras que terminan en í o ú tónicas admiten dos variantes para la formación del plural---con -s o con -es.  Así es de que, se puede decir rubís o rubíes, tabús o tabúes, etc.  Sin embargo, la palabra menú es una excepción, y se recomienda que la forma plural se escriba &quot;menús&quot;.  Yo sé que tales irregularidades son frustrantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T05:01:54.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-08T06:57:02.180" Score="2" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer descubrí una maravillosa palabra en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YQdSxyz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sorrabar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;so&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rabo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Besar a un animal debajo del rabo. Era castigo infamante que se imponía antiguamente a los ladrones de perros.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Rogar con sumisión.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quedeme alucinado con esa primera acepción. Lo curioso es que fui a buscarla en el NTLLE y su primera aparición es en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, pero aunque el ejemplo que dan es correcto, no lo es la acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SORRABAR. v.a. Lo mismo que derrabar, ò cortar el rabo à algun animal. Es voz antiquada. &lt;em&gt;Si le tomaren con algun can furtado, que gelo fagan sorrabar, è que torne el can à su dueño.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo no tiene sentido si la acepción es la que dice: ¿para qué iba a tener un ladrón que cortarle el rabo a un perro antes de devolverlo? Esta acepción se corrigió en la edición de 1780 del DLE, donde aparece ya con la acepción actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, y dado que la palabra ya estaba anticuada en el siglo XVIII, ¿cuándo estuvo en activo? ¿Qué ejemplos se encuentran en el CORDE de esta palabra usada con esa primera y humillante acepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T04:59:57.407" Title="¿Cuándo estuvo en activo el verbo &quot;sorrabar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26154" CreationDate="2018-05-08T06:57:02.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE textos que contengan palabras que comiencen por &lt;em&gt;sorrab-&lt;/em&gt; se encuentran varios casos, pero muchos hacen referencia a su acepción como &quot;rogar con sumisión&quot;. El más reciente lo recoge Gonzalo Correas con su peculiar estilo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A sorrabar a otros, ke ansí llaman al rogar i pedir kon sumisión.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas, &quot;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&quot;, 1627 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los textos que recogen el otro uso de &lt;em&gt;sorrabar&lt;/em&gt; se encuentran (aunque no muchos) en los siglos XV y XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Señores, si ellos me quiebran costilla,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que den en mis ojos catorze pujeses;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero si les quiebro sus rezios paveses,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que amos sorraben mi mula pardilla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Alfonso de Baena, &quot;Poesías [Cancionero de Baena]&quot;, 1406-a1435 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve su uso como insulto, que se recoge también en el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;PETIJÁN&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nani, rien:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿vus ete vus sabi bien&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  notre studi de París?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  FRANCISCO&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mal garrotazo me os den&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si entiendo lo que dezís.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  PETIJÁN&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mon ami,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  per la xar de notre Di,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lo gran Roy y lo Delphín...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  FRANCISCO&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ora, por amor de mí,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que sorrabes un mastín.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bartolomé de Torres Naharro, &quot;Comedia Tinellaria [Propaladia]&quot;, 1517 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto último de &quot;anda y vete a sorrabar un mastín&quot; me lo apunto por si algún día se lo tengo que decir a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay textos mucho más allá, el más reciente es también el más explícito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por tu fe, que me sorrabes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jaime de Huete, &quot;Comedia Tesorina&quot;, c1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-08T21:46:59.343" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T21:46:59.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="242" CreationDate="2018-05-08T07:11:13.923" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both forms are accepted; which is the more usual depends on what country you're from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=hinjKayCrD61HGssbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;béisbol o beisbol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;‘Deporte en el que los jugadores han de recorrer ciertos puestos o bases de un circuito, en combinación con el lanzamiento de una pelota desde el centro de dicho circuito’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;baseball&lt;/em&gt; se ha adaptado al español con dos acentuaciones, ambas válidas. &lt;strong&gt;La forma &lt;em&gt;béisbol&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt; que conserva la acentuación llana etimológica, &lt;strong&gt;es la usada en España y gran parte de América&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que en países como &lt;strong&gt;México, Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, Cuba y la República Dominicana se prefiere la forma aguda &lt;em&gt;beisbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [beisból]. Existe también el calco pelota base, que en varios países de América, especialmente en el área caribeña, se usa reducido a pelota:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Desistió de sus deseos de actuar en la pelota venezolana»&lt;/em&gt; (Nacional [Ven.] 5.10.00).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=b%C3%A9isbol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;DLE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, the form &lt;em&gt;beisbol&lt;/em&gt; is used in the following (slightly different) list of countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tb. &lt;strong&gt;beisbol&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Antillas, Costa Rica, EE. UU., Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Venezuela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a similar case for other English sport name loans:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English stress&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Nativised stress&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;fútbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;futbol&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=futbol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;DPD&lt;/em&gt; entry&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;vóleibol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c1LUQk5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;voleibol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Chile, Méx., Perú y Ur.) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=1iqOOGVeZD65Py3o1F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;DPD&lt;/em&gt; entry&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;ráquetbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VA6QSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;raquetbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Bol., Chile y C. Rica.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;básquetbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ArAgtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;basquetbol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ufsnAa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;baloncesto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QwSxCzX54D6NkGn1Ab&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;DPD&lt;/em&gt; entry&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T23:24:35.433" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T23:24:35.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23615" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:19:24.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Influence of verb forms&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This additionally happened with &lt;em&gt;adestrar, amoblar, desosar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less frequently, the diphthong forms prevailed, producing the following modern regular verbs (with diphthongs in all 47 conjugations): &lt;sup&gt;25&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S0lBy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S0lBy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;25 For each of these verbs, the “old” (mixed diphthong pattern) forms still exist but are rarely used: &lt;em&gt;adestrar, dezmar, amoblar, desosar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://the-eye.eu/public/WorldTracker.org/Language%20Learning/18.Spanish%2C%20Catalan%20and%20Basque/12.Spanish%20Verbs%20Made%20Simple%28r%29.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish Verbs made Simple(r)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.44)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also with the Old Spanish verb &lt;em&gt;levar&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;*lievar&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/llevar#Etymology_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shift of an initial 'l' to 'll' is not normal, but is explained by the fact that in Medieval/Old Spanish, the third-person present indicative was &lt;em&gt;lieva&lt;/em&gt;, which was then altered into &lt;em&gt;lleva&lt;/em&gt;; eventually this was extended to the entire verb.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Crítico Etimológico Castellano&lt;/em&gt; (G-MA), Joan Corominas&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ONTAi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ONTAi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of the Spanish Language&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.184)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Influence of nouns&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many more examples of this happening under influence of a cognate noun with diphthongization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e &amp;gt; ie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;atesar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4EDbG5L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atiesar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;beldar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5TiruGu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bieldar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (dialectal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;relevar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vq8iY8l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relievar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Bol., Col., Ec. y Perú&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;festejar, fiestear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aneblar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2gRJgn4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;anieblar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;despezar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DM6Fz6R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despiezar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (Architecture and Engineering)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;enmerdar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FWd8Xaf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enmierdar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;desherbar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D42gTlf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deshierbar/desyerbar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;alebrestarse, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1qabY1j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aliebrestarse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;-, afiebrarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o &amp;gt; ue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TeHEvwQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pontear&lt;/a&gt;, puentear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cordelar, cuerdear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elision&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;encrudelecer, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FAK5GiX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encruelecer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cruel&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Similar phenomena:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;em&gt;cerner/cernir, hender/hendir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;em&gt;ergir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;yer-/ir-&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bUW7fa6oCb4C&amp;amp;pg=PA278&amp;amp;dq=alternative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Verbs Made Simple(r) - By David Brodsky&lt;/a&gt; (Search &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;alternative&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;http://conjugator.reverso.net/conjugation-verbs-with-double-participles-spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Past participle doublets&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;strong&gt;Vowel heightening (o &amp;gt; u):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27134/del-origen-y-usos-de-los-verbos-podrir-pudrir-en-espa%C3%B1a&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;podrir, pudrir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/30351/is-jugar-the-only-u-to-ue-stem-changing-verb/30352&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;jogar, jugar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;em&gt;troncar, truncar&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;torrar, turrar&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;tollir, tullir&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;tollecer, tullecer&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;noroestear, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QdM5AJ7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;noruestear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;norueste&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T18:26:13.683" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-09-26T13:25:06.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:43:51.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;93 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Crea tu forma, que crezca. Vacía tu mente, sin forma, como el agua que&#xA;usa la forma que la contiene, fluye y choca. Sé agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T11:52:48.400" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-08T09:43:51.177" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26159" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:56:25.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In linguistics, &lt;strong&gt;false friends&lt;/strong&gt; are words in different languages that look or sound similar, but differ significantly in meaning. An example is the English &lt;em&gt;embarrassed&lt;/em&gt; and the Spanish &lt;em&gt;embarazada&lt;/em&gt; (which means &lt;em&gt;pregnant&lt;/em&gt;), or the word &lt;em&gt;sensible&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;em&gt;reasonable&lt;/em&gt; in English, but &lt;em&gt;sensitive&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, false friends are cognates (they come from the same etymological root), like in the examples above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not to be confused with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/false-cognate&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;false-cognate&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;false-cognate&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-02T16:01:55.630" LastActivityDate="2019-09-02T16:01:55.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26160" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:56:25.467" Score="0" Body="Questions about pairs of words which appear to be similar in different languages, but actually mean different things. Not to be confused with &quot;false cognate&quot;. // Preguntas sobre palabras que parecen similares en idiomas diferentes, pero en realidad significan cosas distintas. No confundir con &quot;falso cognado&quot;." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-02T16:01:55.630" LastActivityDate="2019-09-02T16:01:55.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26161" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:56:55.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_cognate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;False cognates&lt;/strong&gt; are pairs of words that seem to be cognates because of similar sounds and meaning, but have different etymologies; they can be within the same language or from different languages, even within the same family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is different from &lt;em&gt;false friends&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which are similar-sounding words with different meanings, but which may in fact be etymologically related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the English word &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/much#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the Spanish word &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mucho#Etymology_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; have very similar meanings but come from completely different Proto-Indo-European roots. They are not false friends, but they are false cognates.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not to be confused with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/false-friend&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;false-friend&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;false-friend&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-02T16:01:41.233" LastActivityDate="2019-09-02T16:01:41.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26162" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-05-08T09:56:55.673" Score="0" Body="Questions about pairs of words which may look similar in form and meaning, but actually come from two different etymological roots. Not to be confused with &quot;false friend&quot;. // Preguntas sobre pares de palabras que, aun teniendo una escritura y significado similares, vienen de dos raíces etimológicas distintas. No confundir con &quot;false friend&quot;." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-09-02T16:01:41.233" LastActivityDate="2019-09-02T16:01:41.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30718" CreationDate="2018-05-08T14:18:12.670" Score="2" ViewCount="398" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día vi en una bolera un cartel titulado &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tarifa de precios&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, con la lista de lo que costaban cada partida según el día, el alquiler de zapatos y esas cosas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Me chocó un poco, porque estoy acostumbrado a ver solamente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tarifas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;lista de precios&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando el DLE veo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZCKWPFd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tarifa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del ár. hisp. &lt;em&gt;ta‘rífa&lt;/em&gt;, y este del ár. clás. &lt;em&gt;ta‘rīfah&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;ta‘rīf&lt;/em&gt; 'definición'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Tabla de precios, derechos o cuotas tributarias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Precio unitario fijado por las autoridades para los servicios públicos realizados a su cargo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Montante que se paga por un servicio público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que según el DLE, decir &quot;tarifa de precios&quot; vendría a ser como decir &quot;tabla de precios de precios&quot; lo cual es redundante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si busco literalmente &quot;tarifa de precios&quot; en Google, me salen muchos resultados de medios supuestamente serios, diccionarios de finanzas y demás; verbigracia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.expansion.com/diccionario-economico/tarifa-de-precios.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tarifa de precios&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Lista de precios de un establecimiento o servicio. Normalmente la fija cada uno libremente, a menos que se trate de servicios regulados, para los que la Administración fija unas tarifas máximas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es correcto este uso? ¿Es algo técnico o lo habéis visto usar en más sitios?&lt;/strong&gt; Entendiendo por &quot;correcto&quot; que no haya ninguna pronunciación en contra de la RAE, ni el típico artículo de Fundéu &lt;em&gt;Tarifas, mejor que tarifa de precios&lt;/em&gt; ni cosas así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-06-14T11:37:48.083" Title="&quot;Tarifa de precios&quot;: ¿correcto o redundancia?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26164" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26165" CreationDate="2018-05-08T15:49:23.987" Score="0" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words &lt;strong&gt;obedecer&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;atenerse&lt;/strong&gt; seem to have very similar meanings, both meaning &lt;em&gt;obey&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;go by&lt;/em&gt;. What's the main difference between them? Are they interchangeable or are they used in certain phrases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T01:16:27.850" Title="What's the difference between &quot;obedecer&quot; and &quot;atenerse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26164" CreationDate="2018-05-08T17:16:40.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can say that they might have similar or totally different meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we talk about &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Obedecer&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; we talk about strictly &lt;strong&gt;DO&lt;/strong&gt; whatever something or someone says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;obey the rules&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;obedecer las reglas'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;obey your mother&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;obedece a tu madre&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but when we talk about &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;atenerse&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; its about &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;stick&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; , is rather the idea of being forced into something than having you obeying. &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;atenerse&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is also more inclined towards something that you have to be prepared for, it also has a negative connotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when we use &amp;quot;atente&amp;quot; we are trying refer to the negative impacts of not following, obeying or not being prepared for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this I will provide some translations about the whole idea of &amp;quot;atente&amp;quot; and not just the translation of the word&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;atente a las consecuencias&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;prepare for the consequences/face the consequences/be ready for the consequences&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;atente al cambio&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Prepare for the change/Be ready for the change/Beware the change&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;atente a las reglas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;follow the rules and be aware of the consequences of not following them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;------------------------ edit, another example --------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;another example that i think is helpful to understand this is using it on the past tense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;El se atuvo a las consecuencias&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;that meas something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;he withstood/faced the consequences&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T20:55:05.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19473" CreationDate="2018-05-08T19:53:41.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Retrechero/a = Mal agradecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abeja = Que tiene viveza, astuto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bergajo/a = Se usa sobre todo para referirse a un niño/a mal criado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fulera = Que es fea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guaricha = Mujer promiscua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Garoso/a = Esta palabra se usa cuando alguien es glotón pero en el contexto de la letra hace referencia a el apetito sexual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Morronga = Mojigato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Farisea = Que es falsa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Garulla/Gorzobia = No creo que tengan algún equivalente solo son insultos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dudo que en alguna región de Colombia usen las palabras baracunata y cucharamí, eso no lo sé. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19402" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T19:53:41.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26154" CreationDate="2018-05-08T21:43:32.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El propio ejemplo que cita el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; corresponde al Libro 1, capítulo 34 del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_de_la_monter%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Libro de la montería&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://fondosdigitales.us.es/fondos/libros/313/209/libro-de-la-monteria-que-mando-escrevir-el-muy-alto-y-muy-poderoso-rey-don-alonso-de-castilla-y-de-leon-vltimo-de-este-nombre/leer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Edición digital&lt;/a&gt;), escrito por encargo de Alfonso XI de Castilla (1311 - 1350), luego &lt;strong&gt;ya era conocida y utilizada desde al menos principios del siglo XIV&lt;/strong&gt;. La página concreta en que figura el ejemplo se puede consultar también &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=9vUo_Q0FocQC&amp;amp;pg=PP42#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la palabra &lt;strong&gt;desapareció del diccionario de la RAE&lt;/strong&gt; durante casi 100 años (1817 - 1925)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuando reapareció en 1925 &lt;strong&gt;no incluía la acepción del beso&lt;/strong&gt;, sino la &quot;de corte de la cola&quot; (como en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la &lt;strong&gt;acepción del beso &quot;resucitó&quot; en la edición del DLE de 1984&lt;/strong&gt; y siguientes  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ninguno&lt;/strong&gt; de los diccionarios que no son de la RAE accesibles por medio del NTLLE (Terreros y Pando 1788, Salvá 1846, Gaspar y Roig 1855, etc.) &lt;strong&gt;recogen la acepción del &quot;beso&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-09T04:59:57.407" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T04:59:57.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26164" CreationDate="2018-05-09T02:54:49.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please keep in mind for next time, it's best practice to include definitions of the two words you're comparing, with links to the dictionaries you used.  Also, it's good to expand your question, to show us where you're getting hung up, using some standard resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My instinct about this was that &quot;obedecer&quot; would be more for children and soldiers, and &quot;atenerse&quot; would be more for people who can be trusted to &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;use their best judgment&lt;/em&gt;.  The examples provided under &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/obedecer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;obedecer&quot; in spanishdict.com&lt;/a&gt; support this guess:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un niño bien educado; siempre obedece a su madre. | He's a&#xA;  well-behaved child; he always obeys his mother.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El viento obedece a una tormenta que se acerca. | The wind is due to a&#xA;  storm that is approaching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que aprender a obedecer sin replicar. | You have to learn to&#xA;  obey without talking back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the wind definitely doesn't think or use its best judgment!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T01:16:27.850" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T01:16:27.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24243" CreationDate="2018-05-09T11:36:26.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my own experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have always used &quot;desborrar&quot;, people always understood me. I remember having heard that word from my mom the first time almost thirty years ago, when my dad deleted some source code and my mom told him she had heard about &quot;Norton Utilities&quot; which could &quot;desborrar&quot; the files. It might not be the most correct term, but people will definitely understand you. Since nobody can come up with a more precise term, I guess nobody will dare to question your word choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real meaning was unknown to me until I read the question and pressed on the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T11:36:26.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-09T12:17:23.920" Score="26" ViewCount="2763" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a canonical question and answer about dative uses of &lt;strong&gt;le, les, me, nos, se, te&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; that often confuse and confound the Spanish learner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dar&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;to give&lt;/em&gt;) is a common example of a verb that takes &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; objects, for instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; lo doy en un momento. ~ &lt;em&gt;I'll give it to you in a moment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we see the indirect object &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; in a phrase like this, we know it's the &lt;em&gt;recipient&lt;/em&gt; of the action.  But what about other ways of using the indirect object, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; saludas a la familia? ~ &lt;em&gt;Say hi to your family for me, okay?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las plantas siempre se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; mueren. ~ &lt;em&gt;Plants always die on me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Láva&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; las manos, por favor. ~ &lt;em&gt;Wash your hands, please.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a tomar&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; una cerveza. ~ &lt;em&gt;Let's go have a beer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's going on with these other uses of object pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T15:38:22.707" LastActivityDate="2021-03-02T13:22:15.400" Title="All about datives, or: What's that funny &quot;le&quot; or &quot;me&quot; doing in there?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26171" CreationDate="2018-05-09T12:17:23.920" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dative case&lt;/a&gt; is commonly known as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grammatical case&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_(grammar)#Types_of_objects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indirect objects&lt;/a&gt; (the secondary object of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditransitive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ditransitive verbs&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;), and it is marked in Spanish by the use of special pronouns (&lt;em&gt;me, te, le, nos, os, les, se&lt;/em&gt;) and its position in the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indirect object is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_(linguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;argument&lt;/a&gt; of the verb, i.e. it is part of its core syntax. For example, &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;«¿Me lo das, por favor?»&lt;/em&gt; is a dative pronoun and functions as the required indirect object of the verb &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;. This is easy enough; students of Spanish learn this kind of thing together with the verbs (in this case, that &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; needs three arguments: a subject, a direct object and an indirect object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this answer I will not be talking about that. Rather, my focus will be on the dative when used as an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjunct_(grammar)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adjunct&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation and examples come from the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (NGLE). The &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (DLE) also mentions this briefly in its entry for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/dativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dativo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Dative of interest&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;dative of interest&lt;/strong&gt; (NGLE 35.7b) marks a person or thing that is benefitted, harmed, or generally affected by the action or process. It corresponds to the &lt;em&gt;dativus commodi&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;dativus incommodi&lt;/em&gt; of classical Latin. It can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from the garden variety indirect object. One indication that you're looking at a dative of interest is that it can often be replaced with &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; (the dative of interest appears in boldface):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salúde&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; a la familia.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;Say hello to the family (for me).&amp;quot;, equivalent to &lt;em&gt;Salude a la familia por mí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nos&lt;/strong&gt; trabajó todo el día.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;He worked (for us) the whole day.&amp;quot;, also &lt;em&gt;Trabajó para nosotros todo el día.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; cocinó un plato especial.&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;She cooked a special dish (for him).&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such a substitution will be more or less natural, depending on the register, dialect and exact expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Ethical dative&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;ethical dative&lt;/strong&gt; is a dative that shows a certain interest, concern or involvement on the part of the referent. It sometimes overlaps with the sympathetic dative (see below). For example (based on NGLE 35.7r, with the dative pronoun in bold):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El bebé no &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; duerme.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;The baby doesn't sleep.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las plantas siempre se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; mueren.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;Plants always die.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; puso nerviosa.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;She got nervous.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that in these three examples, I've refrained from translating the ethical dative pronoun.  But this little pronoun is actually essential to get the meaning of the sentence. In the first example, the pronoun &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; refers to the first person singular and the implication is (1) that the baby is the speaker's child, and (2) that it pains the parent that the baby is not sleeping. The latter is the mark of the ethical dative; the former also makes it a sympathetic dative.  In English this could be expressed as &amp;quot;The baby won't sleep for me.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example, &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; indicates that plants always die under &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; care; in English this could be translated as &amp;quot;Plants always die on you (when you try to care for them).&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the third example, someone is getting nervous and this is clearly a concern for some specific people (who are referred to by the pronoun &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; -- the 3rd person plural). Here, the dative suggests that the person who got nervous is under the care or watch of others who have an active interest in her.  Perhaps, by getting nervous, there's some concern that she might have let them down. In English this phrase could be expressed as &amp;quot;She got nervous on them.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each case it would be possible to remove the dative pronoun and keep the basic English translations I've provided.  But valuable information would be lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Sympathetic dative&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;sympathetic dative&lt;/strong&gt; (also known as &lt;strong&gt;possessive dative&lt;/strong&gt;) is widely used in constructions with body parts or other &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inalienable_possession&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inalienable possessions&lt;/a&gt;.  It marks an attribution which can be possessive or inclusive (NGLE 35.1e, 35.7f-q).  The dative indicates &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; owns the body part or possession; and the body part or thing possessed must appear with a definite article. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; lavo las manos.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;I wash my hands.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; cae el pantalón.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;His pants are falling down.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; duele la cabeza?&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;Does your head hurt?&amp;quot; (Is your head causing you pain?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a structure that often confuses Spanish learners, since in English and many other languages, body parts and inalienable possessions (such as articles of clothing) are indicated by simple possessive pronouns (&amp;quot;My pencil broke&amp;quot;), whereas in Spanish, we prefer (or sometimes need) the sympathetic dative to accomplish the same thing (&lt;em&gt;«Se me quebró el lápiz»&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sympathetic dative works also for simple possession, association and family relationships:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; inundó la casa.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;The (=his/her) house got flooded.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se &lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; casó María.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;(Our) María got married.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Te&lt;/strong&gt; quedó muy bien el artículo.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;The (=your) article turned out well.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each case there's an implication of association (the house belongs to the third person implied by the pronoun, María is part of the speakers' family, and the article was written by the person being spoken to).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Aspectual dative&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;aspectual dative&lt;/strong&gt; (NGLE 35.7v) is used for several kinds of emphasis. One particular feature of it is that it always agrees with the subject of the sentence. It therefore looks like a reflexive verb or a regular pronominal verb, but it's not truly reflexive and it differs from the pronominal verbs in that the pronoun is not compulsory. The aspectual dative is often found with verbs that indicate consumption of food and drink, like &lt;em&gt;beber&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comer&lt;/em&gt;, but also of figurative consumption (of news, of reading):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; comí una pizza.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;Yesterday I ate a pizza.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vamos a tomar&lt;strong&gt;nos&lt;/strong&gt; una cerveza.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;Let's go have a beer.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; leyó los diarios mientras desayunaba.&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;He read the newspapers while he had breakfast.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The implication that the dative pronoun adds is that the &amp;quot;consumption&amp;quot; was complete or that it had a definite ending (cf. perfective aspect). The emphasis is often achieved by adding words like &lt;em&gt;todo/a(s)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;completo/a(s)&lt;/em&gt;. In each of the above examples, the aspectual dative indicates that the action (eating a pizza, drinking a beer, reading the newspapers) was finished as expected. There are limits to the use of this dative, related to the semantics of the action it indicates; you cannot say, for example, &lt;em&gt;*«Ayer me comí pizza»&lt;/em&gt;, because &lt;em&gt;pizza&lt;/em&gt; as a mass noun is not bounded and therefore its consumption cannot be marked as &amp;quot;finished.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases the aspectual dative changes the meaning of the verb, which can then be considered to be a pronominal version of the basic form. For example (NGLE 35.7y):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;saber algo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to know sth.&amp;quot;, but &lt;em&gt;saberse algo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to know sth. by heart&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;creer algo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to believe sth.&amp;quot;, but &lt;em&gt;creerse algo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to take sth. as true on good faith&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;llevar la plata&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to transport the money&amp;quot;, but &lt;em&gt;llevarse la plata&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to take the money away, to run away with the money&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how in these examples the verb with the aspectual dative implies a &amp;quot;perfect&amp;quot; (finished) action: &lt;em&gt;saberse algo&lt;/em&gt; implies &amp;quot;to have memorized sth.&amp;quot;; &lt;em&gt;creerse algo&lt;/em&gt; implies &amp;quot;to have come to accept sth. as true&amp;quot;; &lt;em&gt;llevarse la plata&lt;/em&gt; implies &amp;quot;to have taken the money without obvious intention of returning it.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Addendum: a joke that uses confusion of two different datives&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just something I couldn't resist to add. It's a joke that illustrates the ambiguity of some uses of the dative. The author I don't really know; the one who comments on it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/lirondos/status/1086005907035705348&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elena Álvarez Mellado&lt;/a&gt;, a computational linguist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VTRCK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VTRCK.png&quot; alt=&quot;– Alexa, pídeme una pizza. – ¿Me das una pizza?&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The joke is a command directed at the home personal assistant Alexa, followed by Alexa's reply. It reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;–Alexa, pídeme una pizza.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;–¿Me das una pizza?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A literal translation of this into English would not be successful. Here is a non-literal translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;–Alexa, order me a pizza.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;–Can I have a pizza? [Give me a pizza, please, will you?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The confusion stems from the fact that the dative, used with the verb &lt;em&gt;pedir&lt;/em&gt;, admits two meanings: a regular indirect object or a dative of interest (i.e. showing someone for whose benefit an action is intended). Therefore the imperative &lt;em&gt;pídeme una pizza&lt;/em&gt; may mean &amp;quot;order me a pizza; order a pizza &lt;strong&gt;for me&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, which is a dative of interest and of course the intended meaning; but it could also mean &amp;quot;ask me for a pizza; ask for a pizza &lt;strong&gt;from me&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot; Context and common sense should make this clear, but machines don't have common sense and IAs are still notoriously bad at reading context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2021-03-02T13:22:15.400" LastActivityDate="2021-03-02T13:22:15.400" CommentCount="17" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-17T22:25:32.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="432" CreationDate="2018-05-09T13:45:28.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Durante la colonia española, siglos 17 al 19, la educación que ahora llamamos primaria y secundaria no existía y la enseñanza era de carácter privado y personalizado, y por lo tanto solo al alcance de personas con buen nivel económico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Las instituciones educativas que inicialmente se fundaron en las colonias españolas en América fueron los &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colegio_mayor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Colegios Mayores&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que eran para formación universitaria de grados mayores (licenciatura y doctorado).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando la educación empezó a masificarse la palabra &quot;colegio&quot; fue extendida para cubrir lo que ahora son los grados de primaria y secundaria.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="19389" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T15:52:36.760" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T15:52:36.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26175" CreationDate="2018-05-09T15:21:48.877" Score="4" ViewCount="1121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si yo quisiera inventarme un nombre de país que haga referencia a algo, lo tengo fácil gracias a la partícula &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-landia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MskXvbY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-landia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De la t. de &lt;em&gt;Finlandia, Islandia, Jutlandia&lt;/em&gt;, etc., y esta del germ. &lt;em&gt;-land&lt;/em&gt; 'país', 'tierra'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Significa 'sitio de', 'lugar de', generalmente en nombres propios. &lt;em&gt;Zumolandia, Fotolandia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El país de los tomates? &lt;em&gt;Tomatelandia&lt;/em&gt;. ¿De los Ferrari? &lt;em&gt;Ferrarilandia&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría incluso utilizar otro afijo, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-terra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que no viene en el diccionario pero que significa &quot;tierra&quot; (del latín &lt;em&gt;terrae&lt;/em&gt;) y que podemos encontrar en el nombre de Inglaterra (&quot;tierra de los ingleses&quot;), así como en algunos topónimos gallegos como Fisterra (&quot;fin de la tierra&quot; o &quot;tierra del fin&quot;) o Ferrolterra (&quot;tierra de Ferrol&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿y si quisiera inventarme un nombre de planeta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo: el planeta de los monos (que no simios). ¿&lt;em&gt;Monolandia&lt;/em&gt;? ¿&lt;em&gt;Micoterra&lt;/em&gt;? Será subjetivo, pero me parecen nombres de país (o de parque temático...), más que de un planeta entero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Existe algún elemento o afijo que signifique específicamente &quot;&lt;em&gt;planeta de&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; Y en caso de que no lo haya, ¿qué elementos del español podrían usarse para formar un nombre que deje claro que estamos hablando de un planeta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:10:29.903" Title="¿Sufijo que signifique &quot;planeta de&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26174" CreationDate="2018-05-09T17:41:32.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debemos recordar que &lt;strong&gt;land&lt;/strong&gt; viene del germánico&quot; &lt;strong&gt;tierra/lugar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, sin embargo no de &quot;tierra&quot; de nombre del planeta, sino de &quot;terreno&quot; y planeta del griego &lt;strong&gt;Errante&lt;/strong&gt;, pues era el nombre que se les daba a los astros que se movían en el cielo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros términos para planeta son &lt;strong&gt;astro&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;mundo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, el planeta de la leche... ¿el &quot;lactoneta&quot;, el &quot;lactoastro&quot;, &quot;lactomundo&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T16:10:29.903" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:10:29.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26183" CreationDate="2018-05-09T17:56:50.380" Score="3" ViewCount="2636" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que esto es un tema que se ha tocado muchas veces en el S.SE, pero no he encontrado la pregunta como tal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturalmente la sociedad va evolucionando poco a poco, y con ello las maneras de expresarnos y comunicarnos, así que muchas veces faltan las palabras, a veces la palabra no solo es lo que falta, sino un sufijo en específico como en el caso de la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26174/sufijo-que-signifique-planeta-de&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Sufijo que signifique &amp;quot;planeta de&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez son los literatos y escritores los que tienen el trabajo de traernos nuevas palabras, y nuestro trabajo el adoptarlas y adaptarlas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero existe algun proceso, reglas o método para crear palabras nuevas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T00:46:26.713" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T00:46:26.713" Title="¿Existe un proceso para inventar palabras?" Tags="&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="456" CreationDate="2018-05-09T18:21:56.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many such words in Spanish, they come under a number of different groupings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Change in stress&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;período, periodo | gradíolo, gradiolo&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tortícolis, torticolis | barísfera, barisfera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;reúma, reuma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cantera, cantería | librera, librería | compaña, compañía&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;syllabic í&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Homophones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll / y:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;anafalla, anafaya | jericalla, jericaya&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;yeísta&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;z / s:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zuiza, suiza | tenzón, tensón | zandía, sandía&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;seseo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;s / c:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;santafecino, santafesino | cebucán, sebucán | fucilazo, fusilazo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;seseo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;z / c:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;zircón, circón | eczema, eccema | zebra, cebra&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g / j:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;girocho, jirocho | gerbo, jerbo | hégira, héjira&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;i / y:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;yodo, iodo | tipoy, tipoi | aguay, aguaí | samuray, samurái&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hyphen:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;finoúgrio, fino-ugrio | galaicoportugués, galaico-portugués&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;compound:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;no más, nomás | entre tanto, entretanto | de fuera, defuera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reduced consonant clusters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greek initial:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;psicópata, sicópata | mnemónico, nemónico | gnosticismo, nosticismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;x / s:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;mixtificar, mistificar | excusa, escusa | ambidextro, ambidiestro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pt / t:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;séptimo, setimo | suscripto, suscrito | concepto, conceto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sub / su:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;substancia, sustancia | substitución, sustitución&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;post / pos:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;postromántico, posromántico | postfijo, posfijo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trans / tras:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;transcendental, trascendental | demonstración, demostración&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;trasmontana, tramontana&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;demonstración, demostración | menstruo, mestruo | monstruoso, mostruoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consonant changes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g / c:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;écloga, égloga | secundariamente, segundariamente | renco, rengo&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;jiguilete, jiquilete&lt;/em&gt;    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tricésimo, trigésimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;r / l:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;pelegrino, peregrino | quijal, quijar | lilio, lirio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m / n:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;umjú, unjú | calima, calina | catapum, catapún&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;s / j:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;samuga, jamuga | sora, jora | tisera, tijera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y / j:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;conyugal, conjugal | piyama, pijama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rr / r:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;corrulla, corulla | sarrapia, sarapia | carrocha, carocha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-tor:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;novator, novador | percusor, percutor | gladiator, gladiador&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prosthetics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-s:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;quizá, quizás | pasamano, pasamanos | éxtasi, éxtasis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a-:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cumular, acumular | cometedor, acometedor | travesía, atravesía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ar / -ear:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;checar, chequear | frutar, frutear | silabar, silabear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;des-, res- / es-:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;estajar, destajar | espumar, despumar | esfriar, resfriar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loanwords&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;etymological/natural stress:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;fútbol, futbol | kárate, karate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nativised doublets:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;sioux, siux | quasar, cuásar | judo, yudo | xocoyote, socoyote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl / cl:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;escuincle, escuintle | achichincle, achichintle, achichinque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[De]palatalisation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll / l:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;maullar, maular | rebullicio, rebulicio | tellina, telina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ll / li:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;buganvilla, buganvilia | enjullo, enjulio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñ / n:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;ñublar, nublar | rapiña, rapina | árgueñas | árguenas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñ / ni:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;pergeño, pergenio | Antoni&lt;s&gt;o&lt;/s&gt; + ito, Antoñito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vowel shifts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e / i:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;béstola, bístola | fréjol, fríjol&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o / u:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;troncar, truncar | volcanismo, vulcanismo | sostenido, sustenido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diphthongs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e / ie:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tendente, tendiente | nutrimento, nutrimiento | dezmar, diezmar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;diluente, diluyente | influente, influyente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o / ue:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;ducho, duecho | viduño, vidueño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latin doublets:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bautismo, baptismo | llave, clave | anejar, anexar | fato, hato&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sub iúdice, sub júdice | ipso iure, ipso jure | pro rata, prorrata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Old Spanish:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cespede, cesped | cibdad, ciudad | troj, trox&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sud / sur:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;suroeste, sudoeste | sudafricano, surafricano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;metathesis:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;prelado, perlado | cocodrilo, crocodilo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T09:55:20.257" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T09:55:20.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26181" CreationDate="2018-05-09T18:29:55.007" Score="5" ViewCount="4972" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me encontré con lo siguiente, tomado de &lt;em&gt;17 ecuaciones que cambiaron el mundo&lt;/em&gt; de Ian Stewart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2i3bQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2i3bQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;recorte &amp;quot;ningunas bases físicas&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Su fórmula, obtenida a principios de 1900, inicialmente no tenía &lt;strong&gt;ningunas&lt;/strong&gt; bases físicas. Era tan solo una fórmula que funcionaba. (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y de inmediato sentí que &quot;ningunas bases físicas&quot; es poco lógico y suena mal. El libro fue traducido desde el inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realmente no sabría cómo explicarlo de buenas a primeras, pero me parece que debería decir que no tenía &quot;ninguna base física&quot;, en singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es, o podría ser, correcto decir en algún contexto que &lt;em&gt;hay ningunos de algo&lt;/em&gt;? O, planteado de otra forma, ¿puede &quot;ningunas bases físicas&quot; significar algo comprensible en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T01:04:48.603" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T11:24:09.087" Title="¿Cuándo es correcto usar el plural de &quot;ninguno&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25578" CreationDate="2018-05-09T21:10:05.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El plato al que Ud. se refiere es el &lt;strong&gt;chambre de guandules&lt;/strong&gt;, el cual también se conoce por el nombre &lt;em&gt;zambumbo&lt;/em&gt; (y en ciertos círculos &lt;em&gt;zambumbio&lt;/em&gt;).  Es un plato criollo, y proviene del Caribe.  Los guandules (la forma preferida es gandules, sin la u) son un tipo de frijol, entre alubias y lentejas (Cajanus cajan [Bot]).  No se venden en México, y posiblemente por eso, en la familia de su esposa, sustituían otro tipo de frijol.  El plato se elabora con arroz, puerco salado, salchichas italianas, y con una mezcla de otros comestibles tales como camote, calabacita (auyama), yuca, yautía (mafafa) etc.  En cuanto a la etimología  &lt;em&gt;chambre&lt;/em&gt; es de francés, y significa &quot;criollo&quot;.  A lo mejor, &lt;em&gt;zambumbo&lt;/em&gt; proviene de raices africanos y denota que el plato se asociaba con la comida de los mestizos, pero eso no es más que mi conjetura.  Espero le ayude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T21:10:05.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2018-05-09T22:28:44.493" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;ningunas bases físicas&lt;/em&gt; suena incorrecta (de hecho salta a la vista como incorrecta; en inglés diría que es hasta &lt;em&gt;cringeworthy&lt;/em&gt;). Aunque no sea estrictamente antigramatical, &lt;em&gt;ningunos/ningunas&lt;/em&gt; no se utiliza actualmente así (explicación más abajo). A mí me da la fuerte impresión de que un mal traductor tradujo literalmente del inglés [verbno en negativo + &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; + sustantivo en plural] o bien [&lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; + sustantivo en plural].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La explicación, tomada del &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=42326#169871&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro&lt;/a&gt; del Centro Virtual Cervantes (que refiere a &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wnPDwYogPECDUpdj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGLE 19.4f-g&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los plurales &lt;em&gt;ningunos/ningunas&lt;/em&gt; se usan cuando constituyen la&#xA;  contrapartida del artículo indeterminado con valor enfático. Así, a la&#xA;  oración afirmativa &lt;em&gt;«Tus amigos son unos tontos»&lt;/em&gt; corresponde la&#xA;  negativa &lt;em&gt;«Tus amigos no son ningunos tontos»&lt;/em&gt;, en alternancia con la&#xA;  invariable &lt;em&gt;«... no son unos tontos»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También se aceptan las formas &lt;em&gt;ningunos/ningunas&lt;/em&gt; con sustantivos que&#xA;  contienen plurales inherentes (&lt;em&gt;pluralia tántum&lt;/em&gt;). El sustantivo más&#xA;  frecuente en esta pauta es &lt;em&gt;ganas&lt;/em&gt;, aunque no el único: &lt;em&gt;«Me parecía&#xA;  que Nehru no tenía ningunas ganas de decirme nada»&lt;/em&gt; (Arrau, Norte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se extiende a veces el plural &lt;em&gt;ningunos/ningunas&lt;/em&gt; a los sustantivos&#xA;  que designan cosas que se presentan normalmente en pares, como en&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;«Quería comprar botas, pero no encontró ningunas a su medida»&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  La misma pauta aparece en ocasiones en los plurales estilísticos: &lt;em&gt;«Los&#xA;  primeros tenían esperanzas de mandar después de la separación y los&#xA;  últimos ningunas o muy pocas»&lt;/em&gt; (Marías, España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La NGLE (19.4e) aclara que &lt;em&gt;ningunos/ningunas&lt;/em&gt; sí se usaba en el español medieval y clásico y con menor frecuencia en épocas posteriores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T22:28:44.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25578" CreationDate="2018-05-09T23:07:47.700" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el libro &quot;El origen de la comida dominicana&quot; de Juan Bautista Nina logro ver este pequeño fragmento en la vista preliminar de Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sambumbio sigue siendo entre nosotros una especie de mezcla de muchas cosas alimenticias, pero despreciables. Según Fernando Ortiz, en su &quot;Nuevo Catauro de Cubanismos&quot;, la palabra Sambumbia&quot; significa suciedad, porquería, en el lenguaje de Calabar en Africa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://bayamonweb.azurewebsites.net/cai/africanismos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;listado de africanismos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sambumbia – bebida o comida mal preparada y de aspecto desagradable, mescolanza repugnante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto, se refiere a distintos tipos de bebidas fermentadas y a preparados alimenticios en los que se mezclan ingredientes. La z con que se escribe en muchas ocasiones, me imagino que se debe a la similitud fónica con &lt;em&gt;zambo&lt;/em&gt;, que se refiere a los mestizos americanos mezcla de colono europeo, indígena americano y negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T23:07:47.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26176" CreationDate="2018-05-09T23:10:54.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estamos hablando, si entiendo bien, de la invención deliberada de palabras (o más bien de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morfemas&lt;/a&gt;, es decir, de palabras completas y también de prefijos, sufijos y otras formas de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivaci%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;derivación&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son muy frecuentes las palabras nuevas inventadas deliberadamente que logran &quot;prender&quot; en el idioma (es decir, que sean adoptadas por los hablantes). En general se inventan palabras nuevas en las ciencias, pero aun cuando tengan éxito, muchas veces no salen del léxico de los especialistas o de un pequeño grupo de interesados. Los movimientos político-ideológicos, las religiones organizadas y otros grupos similares también pueden inventar palabras propias que no salen de su pequeño círculo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se crean palabras nuevas en castellano? Hay que considerar dos aspectos: los materiales y la forma de combinarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los materiales de que disponemos para formar nuevas palabras son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;palabras que ya existen, o partes reconocibles de palabras;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prefijos y sufijos de derivación propios del castellano;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;palabras de otros idiomas modernos, como el inglés;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;palabras o partes de palabras de los idiomas clásicos (latín y griego).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que podemos hacer con esos materiales es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poner uno junto a otro (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composici%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;composición&lt;/a&gt; si son palabras completas, o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afijo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;afijación&lt;/a&gt; si son una palabra y un prefijo o sufijo);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;repetirlos total o parcialmente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduplicaci%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reduplicación&lt;/a&gt;); &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una combinación de estos dos anteriores y algún otro recurso (por ejemplo el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vesre&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano tendemos a inventar palabras recurriendo al latín y al griego. Como dije al principio, me refiero a palabras creadas deliberadamente. Muchas palabras nuevas tienen un origen distinto pero ésas son las que la gente crea y adopta espontáneamente, no las &quot;inventadas&quot;. Los escritores y poetas están en un punto intermedio, ya que pueden inventar a su gusto y lo hacen usando todos los recursos que mencioné arriba, pero rara vez logran que esas palabras inventadas lleguen realmente al idioma. No conozco ningún ejemplo en castellano. En otras lenguas se me ocurre como ejemplo la palabra «robot», que proviene de una obra de teatro del dramaturgo checo Karel Čapek. Es el único caso que recuerdo de una palabra inventada con un propósito literario que se haya convertido en un concepto común en decenas de lenguas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usar el latín y el griego como fuente es muy común entre nosotros y en otras lenguas de origen europeo, pero no en todas. En alemán, por ejemplo, se tienden a usar raíces germánicas, y por eso por ejemplo el hidrógeno es &lt;em&gt;Wasserstoff&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;Wasser&lt;/em&gt; &quot;agua&quot;, paralelo al griego &lt;em&gt;hydro-&lt;/em&gt;) y la palabra &quot;expresión&quot; se traduce como &lt;em&gt;Ausdruck&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;aus-&lt;/em&gt; &quot;hacia afuera&quot;, paralela al latín &lt;em&gt;ex-&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;druck-&lt;/em&gt; &quot;presionar, apretar&quot;). En japonés la lengua de la cultura fue durante siglos el chino, por lo cual la mayoría de las palabras compuestas son de origen chino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos también crear palabras juntando palabras castellanas que ya tenemos. Una forma es unir sustantivos. En Argentina se dice ya como una única palabra &lt;em&gt;patamuslo&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la pata y el muslo de un pollo cocinados y servidos juntos. No sé quién inventó la palabra pero algún anónimo vendedor de comida para llevar debe haberlo hecho, y prendió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma es unir verbo + sustantivo en una forma estándar, por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;sacacorchos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cortaplumas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;alcanzapelotas&lt;/em&gt;. Quien inventó el lavavajillas debe haber también inventado la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T23:10:54.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26174" CreationDate="2018-05-10T05:41:16.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no descartaría muy rápidamente &lt;em&gt;terra&lt;/em&gt; como elemento compositivo, ya que no solamente hace referencia a la tierra como &quot;suelo&quot; sino a la Tierra como planeta. Véanse palabras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZbVJnaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;terráqueo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;que representa el planeta&quot;, o &lt;em&gt;terraformación&lt;/em&gt;, que no está en el DLE pero se usa con el sentido de &quot;acondicionar un planeta para que sea habitable por el ser humano&quot;. A fin de cuentas, &lt;em&gt;tierra&lt;/em&gt; también se usa, aunque tampoco lo recoge el DLE, para hablar de planetas potencialmente habitables por el hombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La NASA descubre tres nuevas súper Tierras en un sistema a 100 años luz de distancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo mejor este elemento compositivo podría dar la sensación de que el planeta es habitable, y tú no quieres incluir esa parte. Pero vamos, no es descabellado nombrar a un planeta como &lt;em&gt;Novoterra&lt;/em&gt;, por ejemplo. Así, el ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Micoterra&lt;/em&gt; para &quot;El planeta de los simios&quot; tampoco lo veo mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos buscar algo un poco más genérico, podría ayudar esta lista de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_planets_by_medium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombres de planetas inventados&lt;/a&gt;. De ahí veo que se podría usar un elemento compositivo muy básico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3YvWLaw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ario, ria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. -arius.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma adjetivos que indican relación con la base derivativa. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay más acepciones, pero esa es la que nos interesa. En la lista se citan los siguientes ejemplos que siguen esta pauta (nótese que en inglés el sufijo sería &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/-arium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-arium, -aria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, este último para el plural): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solaria (aparece en novelas de Isaac Asimov).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Omnivarium (aparece en novelas de David Brin).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aquarius (usando el sufijo latino, aparece en el anime Space Battleship Yamato).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado otro más que no está en la lista:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dozaria (aparece en Star Trek: Deep Space Nine).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he visto un par de casos de nombres que acaban en &lt;em&gt;-world&lt;/em&gt;, caso ya cubierto por Mike. Por lo demás, no hay ningún otro patrón visible. Así, tus ejemplos podrían quedar, con más o menos estilo, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Platanaria (planeta de los plátanos).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monorium (planeta de los monos, por aquello de usar la versión inglesa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lactorius (planeta de la leche, usando el sufijo latino).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T09:07:10.687" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T09:07:10.687" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26187" CreationDate="2018-05-10T06:05:09.883" Score="4" ViewCount="2099" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España usamos para la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8rjGoDg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chiringuito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;quiosco o puesto de bebidas al aire libre&quot;. Sin embargo, el DLE no da una etimología para la palabra. Lo primero que se me ocurre es que pueda venir de &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; mediante la aplicación de un diminutivo. Sin embargo, su definición es tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8rgFU4D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chiringo, ga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De or. amer.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. P. Rico. Pequeño, corto, escaso. &lt;em&gt;Esa prenda le queda chiringa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sev. Vaso de aguardiente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Hond. andrajo (‖ pedazo o jirón de tela).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cuba y P. Rico. cometa (‖ armazón).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; añade las siguientes acepciones como sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PR. Caballo pequeño, de inferior calidad. rur.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  PR. metáf. Vehículo pequeño y en mal estado. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ho. Pedazo de algo, generalmente de ropa rota o deshilachada. pop ^ desp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otra como adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PR. Referido a una prenda de vestir, que le queda pequeña a la persona que la lleva. rur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si alguna de estas acepciones habrá dado origen a la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt;. La más plausible parece ser la acepción sevillana de &quot;vaso de aguardiente&quot;, que haría que en Sevilla un &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; fuera un lugar donde se sirven chiringos, que tampoco iría muy desencaminado, la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que en el CORDE no encuentro ningún caso de &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; pero sí unos pocos de &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt;. En el CREA hay muchos más casos de &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; y alguno de &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; con el mismo sentido de &quot;quiosco de bebidas&quot;, formado por acortamiento (similar al &lt;em&gt;bocata&lt;/em&gt; como acortamiento de &lt;em&gt;bocadillo&lt;/em&gt;), pero ninguno como &quot;vaso de aguardiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto podría hacer pensar que fue al revés: &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; derivaría de &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; en su acepción de &quot;vaso de aguardiente&quot;. Pero ahora nos vamos al NTLLE y vemos que &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; se recoge por la RAE desde 1983, mientras que la acepción sevillana de &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; se recoge desde... 1983 también. Empate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es pues este el origen de &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Se deriva de la acepción de &lt;em&gt;chiringo&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;vaso de aguardiente&quot;? ¿O tiene otro origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-07-03T16:53:35.323" Title="¿Es un &quot;chiringuito&quot; un &quot;chiringo pequeño&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26185" CreationDate="2018-05-10T06:29:19.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pongo como posible respuesta lo que acabo de encontrar en una de las fichas del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE. En 1974 José S. Serna publicaba lo siguiente en su libro &lt;em&gt;Cómo habla La Mancha. Diccionario manchego&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chiringuito&lt;/strong&gt;. (De &lt;em&gt;chingar&lt;/em&gt;, beber con frecuencia vino o licores; influido por &lt;em&gt;chinguirito&lt;/em&gt;, aguardiente en Cuba y Méjico, y &lt;em&gt;chiribitil&lt;/em&gt;, pieza o cuarto muy pequeño.) m. Tenderete donde se expenden (3.ª acep. R.A.E.) viandas y principalmente vino y licores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprobamos que, efectivamente, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8pLhBqB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chingar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene esa acepción, que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8pgkZVo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chinguirito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; existe también como &quot;aguardiente&quot; o &quot;bebida de aguardiente&quot;, y que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8r9dhEU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chiribitil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es un &quot;cuarto pequeño&quot;. No resulta descabellada la opción de la metátesis &lt;em&gt;chinguirito&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; por influencia de &lt;em&gt;chiribitil&lt;/em&gt;, que se usaba en España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mujer entornó el ventanuco por donde entraba en el chiribitil la luz del sol poniente y se marchó en puntillas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilia Pardo Bazán, &quot;Insolación&quot;, 1889 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fin de cuentas, un &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;em&gt;chiribitil&lt;/em&gt; donde se dispensan &lt;em&gt;chinguiritos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, y para dar más validez a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26187/12637&quot;&gt;respuesta de @blonfu&lt;/a&gt;, aclarar que la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; aparece en algunos textos de la hemeroteca de la BNE. Lo curioso es que en el primero de ellos la palabra tenía otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de las cinco ya es otra cosa; cambia totalmente el aspecto de la&#xA;  población [Huelva] y empieza el momento supremo de divertirse. La &lt;em&gt;manguara&lt;/em&gt; de González Bías, el &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; y las almejas &lt;em&gt;reealentáas&lt;/em&gt;, son aperitivos excelentes que preparan el estómago para una buena comida [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Liberal (Madrid). 1/2/1895, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en un texto posterior ya se hace alusión al bar mencionado por @blonfu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Barcelona 16&lt;/em&gt;. — Esta madrugada, en el «bar» Chiringuito, establecido en la Puerta de la Paz, en el puerto, se promovió un formidable escándalo, del que fué principal protagonista el diestro Larita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Imparcial (Madrid). 17/7/1924, página 5. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, cada vez que el bar salía en las noticias era por algún suceso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BARCELONA 14 (5 t.). — El Juzgado que instruye la causa por agresión a Antonio Martínez &quot;Medialuna&quot;, hecho ocurrido en el bar Chiringuito, ha recibido declaración&#xA;  a varios testigos, entre ellos la mujer llamada Matilde flor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Voz (Madrid). 14/3/1925, página 6. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T09:37:19.683" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T09:37:19.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26185" CreationDate="2018-05-10T06:42:48.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado otro posible origen en este artículo: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcorreo.com/vizcaya/20080803/sociedad/chiringuito-primigenio-20080803.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.elcorreo.com/vizcaya/20080803/sociedad/chiringuito-primigenio-20080803.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=41145&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro de CVC&lt;/a&gt; dan otras fuentes del periodico &lt;em&gt;La Verdad&lt;/em&gt; pero uno de los artículos no cuenta exactamente la misma historia y el otro que citan no está accesible, falla el enlace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transcribo las partes relevantes que hablan del origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;chiringuito&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de bar de playa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viajero se sienta en una terraza de la playa. Toma una caña y unas&#xA;patatas bravas, plato en extinción, mientras observa a los&#xA;parroquianos. Parece un bar animado, con personalidad, y hay un señor&#xA;mayor repantingado que hace comentarios en voz alta. El viajero lee la&#xA;servilleta y pone 'First chiringuito in Spain'.[...]&#xA;Aquel era el primer chiringuito de España. De hecho, se llama El Chiringuito y de ahí salió la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El chiringuito lo abrió el capitán Calafell en 1913 y luego lo cogió&#xA;su padre. En Sitges estaba entonces el Pabellón de Mar, más para&#xA;ricos, para los indianos, y al lado, este quiosco. Entonces apenas&#xA;había en el pueblo algunos chalets del señorío de Barcelona, de&#xA;abogados y médicos. Lo de chiringuito viene precisamente de los&#xA;indianos, que cuando querían un café decían: «Ponme un chiringuito».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa viene de Cuba. Resulta, explica don Juan, que los negros de&#xA;las plantaciones de caña metían el café en una media y luego la&#xA;apretaban para que saliera un chorrito. Al chorro le decían chiringo,&#xA;y de ahí chiringuito, un chorrito de café. El nombre hizo gracia, y&#xA;por extensión se empezó a llamar así al local donde lo servían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T06:49:10.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26189" CreationDate="2018-05-10T10:03:53.673" Score="3" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does this actually mean? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se me habrá pasado usted con los postres. ¿Verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would translate it something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You will not have passed me with the desserts, have you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero estoy seguro de que no es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T10:08:27.487" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T13:18:18.780" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;No se me habrá pasado usted con los postres. ¿Verdad?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26188" CreationDate="2018-05-10T11:23:37.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, this is a tricky one for non-natives. For the Spanish it's very natural, but it has two implicit things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasarse = to cross (to cross the line). It comes from &quot;pasarse de la raya&quot; (to cross the line), or a similar one. &quot;Pasarse&quot; means to exceed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The usage of an ethical dative. That &quot;me&quot; in your sentence is completely dispensable; you can remove it and the sentence means the same. Its function is about nuances.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &quot;me&quot; adds &quot;closeness&quot; and trust. Despite using &quot;usted&quot;, the one who adds this &quot;me&quot; certainly wants to &quot;promote links&quot; or something like that. It makes a warmer atmosphere. Usted can be used for elegant and respectful conversations with unknown people. This &quot;me&quot; turns it into a more friendly conversation. If you want more info about this, you can ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And finally, the greatest difficulty: the future tense with meaning of premise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, the future tense is used for &quot;conjecture or probability about a past finished event&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya habrá llegado = Ya debe de haber llegado = It must have already&#xA;  arrived = It has probably already arrived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your sentence, it actually means &lt;code&gt;No te has pasado con el postre, ¿verdad?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this usage of the future tense in questions can be perfectly replaced by a normal present tense (present perfect). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in sum, your sentence would mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You haven't crossed (the line) with the desserts, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-05-10T13:18:18.780" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T13:18:18.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26191" CreationDate="2018-05-10T13:16:41.967" Score="4" ViewCount="26828" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuchando una canción de Molotov, un grupo de música de México, me fijé en que su título es &lt;em&gt;Ñero&lt;/em&gt;. Leída &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=803218&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la letra&lt;/a&gt; veo que menciona cosas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ñero, ñero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ya todos sabemos quién es el mero mero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;La raza te quiere te quiere ver de güero&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Seguro a Acapulco pal fin de semana&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Y mientras yo cuido a tu hermana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conocía la palabra y en el DAMER encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=%C3%B1ero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero, -a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;(Apócope de &lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  &lt;strong&gt;I. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;    m. y f. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Ho, ES, Ve; Co:N,SO.&lt;/em&gt; juv. Amigo íntimo, compañero inseparable. pop + cult → espon. (&lt;strong&gt;ñeris&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA; &lt;strong&gt;II. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;    m. y f. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Co:C.&lt;/em&gt; Persona de bajo estrato social, marginado. pop + cult → espon ^ desp.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;III. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;    sust/adj. &lt;em&gt;Ve.&lt;/em&gt; Persona tonta o de escaso entendimiento. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece claro que se trata de una sustitución de &lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;ñero&lt;/em&gt;, que con el tiempo se ha estandarizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;geo=MX&amp;amp;q=%C3%B1ero,compa%C3%B1ero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miro con Google Trends y comparo con &lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt; en México&lt;/a&gt; y me encuentro con que esta última cada vez sale más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8u4DI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8u4DI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego, también veo que parece buscarse desde la parte interior de México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q9LTB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q9LTB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo ello, mis preguntas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Con qué frecuencia se utiliza?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Además de en México, ¿dónde se utiliza?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En qué contextos? Formales, informales, juveniles...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Con qué significado suele utilizarse?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T13:59:55.037" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;ñero&quot;? ¿En qué contexto se usa?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26190" CreationDate="2018-05-10T13:46:00.130" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia &lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;compañero&lt;/em&gt; y tiene dos significados conexos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ñero es usada principalmente en el lenguaje de la calle por indigentes y demás. Entre ellos se llaman ñero el uno al otro, por lo que el resto de personas comenzaron a usar ñero para referirse a las personas de la calle, especialmente a los que antes se llamaba &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?key=gam%EDn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gamines&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej #1. Entre &lt;em&gt;habitantes de calle&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ñero pídale una luca a esa cucha.&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;Amigo pídale 1000 pesos a esa señora.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ej #2. Otro tipo de persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mejor no vamos a esa zona que eso está lleno de ñeros.&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;Mejor no vamos a esa zona que eso está lleno de habitantes de calle.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos más &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/%C3%91ero.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ser una palabra despectiva para referirse a un &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?key=gam%EDn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gamín&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, también puede usarse para referirse a cualquier persona que presente un comportamiento ordinario o grosero, como se puede leer en este escrito: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.las2orillas.co/aprenda-identificar-nero/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como identificar un ñero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, del cual extraigo el siguiente párrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ñero es el que usa los pantalones debajo de las nalgas, pero no porque no tenga cinturón, por el contrario, lleva uno con chapa metálica enorme. Ñero es el que usa cachuchas con la visera recta cubriendo una de sus orejas. Ñero es el que escucha música en el trasporte público en un miniparlante (pero sin audífonos). Ñero es el que se sube a los buses a vender dulces o lapiceros baratos con una retahíla memorizada que lleva un seseo insoportable. Ñero es el que se pone la camiseta del equipo de fútbol aun en los días en que no juega. Ñero es el que se hace el corte de cabello llamado “el 7”. Ñero es al que le llega el regueetón al corazón. Ñero es el que pinta grafitis de letras góticas ilegibles. Ñero es el que usa camisas marca Ralph Lauren, Polo, Tommy Hilfiger o La coast (imitación eso sí) con un logotipo exageradamente enorme. Ñero es el que se deja la barba tan delgada como un hilo. Ñero es el que se hace figuras en la cabeza con una máquina de afeitar. Ñero es el que dice: “sisas”, “mi pez” o “mi perro”. Ñero es el que siempre lleva consigo un puñal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Ojo! Pero quiero que quede algo muy claro antes que me tachen de fascista y es que una cosa es ser pobre y otra muy distinta es ser ñero. Porque si bien todo ñero es pobre, no todo pobre es ñero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T13:59:55.037" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25535" CreationDate="2018-05-10T13:50:49.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una selección de frases similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[decir] cesta por ballesta (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=110518%5C011%5CC000O11052018110621640.1212.1208&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+cesta+por+ballesta%7B%7CI%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B%7CI%7D+%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1605&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2_NiAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PT198&amp;amp;lpg=RA1-PT198&amp;amp;dq=%22cesta+por+ballesta%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1616&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por zancas o por barrancas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HVFSDMIeLI4C&amp;amp;pg=PA450&amp;amp;dq=zancas+barrancas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1770&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;per fas et nafas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kPhJDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;dq=%22per+fas+et+nefas%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cc 1200&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;It&lt;/code&gt;)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por fas o por nefas (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=110518%5C011%5CC003O11052018114213875.1204.1200&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+fas+DIST/5+nefas%7B%7CI%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B%7CI%7D+%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cc 1518&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/por-fas-o-por-nef%C3%A1s.1612396/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1553&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a por a, y be por be (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YsRKAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA3-PA204&amp;amp;dq=%22be+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1611&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=U4FXAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA140-IA1&amp;amp;dq=%22be+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1674&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por a, be o ce (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0jZ5AAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22por+a,+be+o+ce%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1982&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce por ce, y be por be (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=IbZdAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA200&amp;amp;dq=%22ce+por+ce%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1663&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce por be (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=110518%5C011%5CC003O11052018110200781.1204.1200&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+%27ce+por+be%27%7B%7CI%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B%7CI%7D+%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1561&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G8hQAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22ce+por+be%22&amp;amp;dq=%22ce+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1773&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;em&gt;Con lujo de detalles&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be por be (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dUEPAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA133&amp;amp;dq=%22be+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1809&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por che o por be (&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=110518%5C011%5CC003O11052018110408344.1204.1200&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+%27o+por+be%27%7B%7CI%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B%7CI%7D+%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1941&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por ce o por be&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Yx7ZfsfvoMkC&amp;amp;pg=PA191&amp;amp;dq=%22por+ce+o+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1817&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por ces o por bes (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_QkMAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22Contar,+llamar+ce+por%22+%22por+ees+o+por+bes%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1927&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por hache o por zeta (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tEAtAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22por+hache+o+por+zeta%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1926&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por hache o por be&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=SzwNAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22hache+o+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1965&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1AYrAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22hache+o+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1965&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nqAwAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22por+hache%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1976&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por hache o por ce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por hache o por erre (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=z7c_AAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=por+hache&amp;amp;dq=por+hache&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1880&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por haches o por erres (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lQ0LAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22por+haches+o+por+erres%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1920&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no decir haches ni erres (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MpwyAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22haches+ni+erres%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1886&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;|| Fras. Fam. &lt;em&gt;Por ce ó por be&lt;/em&gt;; de un modo ó de otro, por fas ó por nefas, por zancas ó por barrancas, de todos modos, etc., en cuyo sentido se dice: &lt;em&gt;por ce ó por be, ya salí con la mía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RMdLAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA364&amp;amp;dq=%22por+ce+o+por+be%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario nacional o gran diccionario clasico de la lengua ..., Volume 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1848)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que, con el tiempo, y por la influencia de la forma de ciertas frases y las significaciones de otras, ha pasado de &lt;em&gt;'ce por be'&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;'por ce o por be'&lt;/em&gt; hasta &lt;em&gt;'por hache o por be'&lt;/em&gt; con su definición actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta cita puede ser de interés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.3 Idiomaticidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;La idiomaticidad ha sido entendida de dos maneras diferentes. Por un lado, responde, en el sentido etimológico, a lo que es propio y peculiar de una lengua y, por otro, se puede interpretar como el rasgo semántico característico de ciertas construcciones fijas, en las que su significado no puede ser deducido a partir de los elementos que la forman, y así es como debe entenderse en el ámbito fraseolágico. Sentencia Zuluaga (1980: 123-124) que &amp;quot;la expresión idiomática es un signo complejo pero no. simultáneamente y desde el punto de vista funcional, un complejo de signos. Los componentes de esta no se comportan en ella como signos lingüísticos, propiamente. sino. mas bien, como componentes formales de un signo&amp;quot;. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;strong&gt;la idiomaticidad de una unidad pluriverbal no está directamente relacionada con la cantidad de elementos idiomáticos que posea, pues si solo uno funciona idiomáticamente la unidad será idiomática.&lt;/strong&gt; En este sentido, se considera que una palabra es idiomática cuando, por pertenecer a etapas sincrónicas previas a la actual de una lengua determinada, tiene valor únicamente dentro de la unidad fraseológica correspondiente, careciendo, por tanto, de vida léxica fuera de ella. &lt;strong&gt;Igualmente, se consideran idiomaticos&lt;/strong&gt; los prestamos léxicos, así como &lt;strong&gt;las deformaciones fónicas, morfológicas, apócopes, pues en el seno de una expresión determinan su sentido idiomático&lt;/strong&gt; (García-Page Sanchez, 1990: 279-290). &lt;strong&gt;Reflejo de ello son expresiones como &lt;em&gt;mondo y lirondo, a la Chita callando, sin ton ni son, por fas o por nefás&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Pese a que la idiomaticidad se ha tratado habitualmente como uno de los rasgos mas esenciales de las unidades fraseológicas, hay que tener presente que no todas ellas son idiomáticas, pues, mas Bien. «se trata de una característica potencial, no esencial. de este tipo de unidades» (Corpas Pastor, 1996: 27). &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rjZ3jpoc2sUC&amp;amp;pg=PA8&amp;amp;dq=%22por+fas+o+por+nef%C3%A1s%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las colocaciones y la fraseología&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=Tl0qAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hablar bien no cuesta tanto:&lt;/strong&gt; dudas, etimologías y curiosidades de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p335-336)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7f67AAAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La configuración de las letras como mensaje propio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Yakov Malkiel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XpkdAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eutrapelias del alfabeto español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Jacques de Bruyne (p36)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_QkMAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22Contar,+llamar+ce+por%22+%22por+ees+o+por+bes%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Revista de la filología española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Vol. 14 (1927)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-08-02T22:34:16.530" LastActivityDate="2020-08-02T22:34:16.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17188" CreationDate="2018-05-10T19:55:01.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE en twitter (&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/990982940447436800&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/a&gt;) contesta a un usuario:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En español puede usarse «destripe» (del verbo «destripar»: 'anticipar el desenlace de una historia a quienes no lo conocen'). No obstante, también esta previsto incorporar al diccionario académico la adaptación gráfica «espóiler».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T19:55:01.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26204" CreationDate="2018-05-11T06:21:09.727" Score="3" ViewCount="2305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer iba pensando en que a pesar de que el verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt; se suele traducir al español por &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt;, resulta que &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;rememorāre&lt;/em&gt;, que también produjo en nuestro idioma el verbo &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el diccionario, veo que este verbo tiene la siguiente acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VtCji3T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rememorar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. rememorāre.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VV3nlWy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recordar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ pasar a tener en la mente algo del pasado).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, registra ambas palabras como sinónimas. Sin embargo, yo siempre había considerado la palabra &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt; con un sentido más fuerte, como si los recuerdos que estás teniendo fuesen más vívidos. Si yo digo que estoy recordando un día, podría ser que simplemente me he acordado de ese día, por el motivo que sea, pero si digo que lo estoy rememorando interpreto como que lo estoy viviendo de nuevo, como si las sensaciones que me provoca ese recuerdo fueran más intensas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si esta diferenciación es cosa mía o es algo más general, por lo que pregunto: ¿existe realmente esta diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cómo se usa en general este último?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T13:08:48.460" Title="¿Hay alguna diferencia entre &quot;recordar&quot; y &quot;rememorar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-11T07:02:50.607" Score="2" ViewCount="2971" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When crowds chant “¡Kiricocho!” what are they saying?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came upon the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kiricocho es la palabra más usada en el ambiente futbolero ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you visit &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.taringa.net/posts/noticias/2052402/Kiricocho-mufada.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the page on which I found it,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; you'll see that it is a sports term of sorts that is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... cada vez que un equipo tiene una situación en contra de su arco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't watch a lot of organized sports so my terminology in that arena is a bit limited.  What is a good layman's definition of this and what’s the best English equivalent of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando los multitudes cantan “¡Kiricocho!” ¿qué dicen?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me topé con el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kiricocho es la palabra más usada en el ambiente futbolero ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si visitas la página en el que lo encontré, verás que es un término deportivo que se usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... cada vez que un equipo tiene una situación en contra de su arco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo muchos deportes organizados así que mi terminología en esa arena puede limitarse.  ¿Qué es una buena definición de esta palabra para entendernos?  ¿Qué es el mejor traducción de ella en iglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T19:17:49.663" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T09:22:59.533" Title="When crowds chant “¡Kiricocho!” what are they saying?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26196" CreationDate="2018-05-11T07:02:50.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was originally going to be part of the question, but since it at least hints at a possible meaning for this word, I thought it would be best to add it as an answer until a native speaker or someone in the know gets a chance to respond.  My answer (or, more truthfully, line of investigation) follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, I did what I could to find a good translation of this (kiricocho), but nothing solid has really materialized thus far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the word does not come up in a Google Ngram search, I was able to find 4,400 Google pages for the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional clues come from the page itself where, immediately after the word “kiricocho,” in parentheses, is another word (&lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mufada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) that I did not find listed in the dictionaries I took a look at — &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and others.  That said, I did find this Collins entry via Reverso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/mufado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar mufado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A cursory scan of the pages with a little help from Chrome translation seems to indicate that this word “mufado/-a” often means “muffled.”  However, the first instance of &amp;quot;kiricocho&amp;quot; I find is from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=kiricocho&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;source=lnt&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es%2Ccdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A2000%2Ccd_max%3A2001&amp;amp;tbm=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Facebook account&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for what appears to be a clothing brand in Argentina whose slogan is “sacate la mufa” which seems to carry a meaning of “get the jinx.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cobbling these hints and clues together, to include &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate/spanish-english/mufarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this one from PONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these from Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, I’m going to go out on a limb here and say that it would appear that “¡Kiricocho!” is something a crowd shouts when it wants the other team to miss its shot.  Despite the stories of its origin that you’ll find, I have to wonder if it might not be some sort of substitution.  For example, if the Nike brand is so associated with the phrase “Just Do It,” just the word “Nike” could, conceivably, be used as a stand-in for the phrase “Just Do It”. Either way, chanting “¡Kiricocho!” appears to be equivalent to something like “Jinx!” in English or whatever it is people shout out for such things nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of this word may not be known in all parts of the Spanish-speaking world, but it obviously must be used in Argentina and it is likely that it is known throughout at least the Southern Cone region due to the intrarregionality of competition there must be for a popular sport like soccer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta respuesta iba a ser parte de mi pregunta, pero dado que, al menos, apunte a un significado posible de esta palabra, pensé que sería mejor añadirla como una respuesta hasta que un hispanohablante nativo, o alguien que sabe, tiene la oportunidad de responder.  Mi respuesta (o, más exactamente, línea de investigación) sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que conste, hice lo que podría para encontrar una buena traducción de esta palabra (kiricocho), pero realmente nada sólido ha materializado todavía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque la palabra “kiricocho” no surge en una búsqueda de los Ngrams de Google, puede encontrarse en 4,400 páginas de Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pistas adicionales viene de la página en sí misma donde, inmediatamente después de la palabra “kiricocho”, hay otra palabra (&lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mufada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) que no encontré listada en los diccionarios a los que eché un vistazo — &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAE,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/mufada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y otros.  Dicho eso, he encontrado este artículo de Collins via Reverso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/mufado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar mufado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una inspección rápido de las páginas con un poco de ayuda del traductor de Chrome parece indicar que esta palabra “mufado/-a” a menudo significa “muffled.”  Sin embargo, la primera instancia de &amp;quot;kiricocho&amp;quot; que encuentro es de una cuenta de Facebook para lo que aparece ser una marca de ropa en Argentina cuyo lema es “sacate la mufa” que parece lleva un significado de “get the jinx.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Improvisando estos indicios y pistas, incluso &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate/spanish-english/mufarse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ésto de PONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/mufa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;éstos de Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, voy a ir por las ramas aquí y decir que parecería que “¡Kiricocho!” es algo que una multitud grita cuando quiere que el otro equipo falle el tiro.  A pesar de las historias de su origen que encontrarás, tengo que preguntarme si puede que no sea algún tipo de sustitución.  Por ejemplo, si la marca Nike es tan íntimamente vinculada con la frase “Sólo hazlo”, sólo la palabra “Nike” podría, concebiblemente, servir como sustituta de la frase “Sólo hazlo”.  De cualquier manera, cantando “¡Kiricocho!” parece ser equivalente a algo como “¡Jinx!” en inglés o lo que sea que la gente grite para esas cosas hoy en día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que el uso de esta palabra puede no ser conocido en todas partes del mundo hispanohablante, pero obviamente los argentinos utilizársela, y es probable que es conocida por lo menos en la región del Cono Sur debido al carácter interregional de la competencia debe haber para un deporte popular como fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T08:03:04.467" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26199" CreationDate="2018-05-11T07:57:42.627" Score="4" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following sentence below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si Alison no &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; hubiera dicho al jefe del banco &lt;strong&gt;que se&lt;/strong&gt; callara yo &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; habría golpeado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if Alison had not told the bank chief to shut up I would have hit him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three bold sections are to do with my question. Also forgive me for my lack of technical terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; I get and wrote correctly at the time. As I see it (could well be wrong) there are two parts to the sentence (broken out below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) si Alison no le hubiera dicho al jefe del banco que se callara &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) yo lo habría golpeado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the second part we know that we are talking about the boss of the bank so we can substitute it with a &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; and its masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I don't understand the use of &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;que se&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; something to do with being reflexive? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T08:10:25.367" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T11:47:18.160" Title="Understanding why a pronoun and &quot;que se&quot; are used in a sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26198" CreationDate="2018-05-11T10:33:29.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll answer your three questions, one by one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; is just a duplication of the indirect complement, &lt;em&gt;al jefe del banco&lt;/em&gt;. It is not strictly necessary, but in Spanish this duplication is very usual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This sentence uses indirect speech; this is, rather than repeating what someone said, you paraphrase it. In this case, you have to introduce the indirect speech clause with &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, since it is a subordinate clause.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Spanish we are quite fond of reflexive constructions; I'm afraid this is one of the most difficult aspects for non-native speakers. The verb &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; can be used by itself as intransitive, but you will find it more often as pronominal (i.e. in the reflexive form). I mean, &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;callarse&lt;/em&gt; mean more or less the same. So, yes, &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; is here a reflexive pronoun, but it has no real reflexive meaning, since &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; here is intransitive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an extension to the third bullet, &lt;em&gt;callar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;callarse&lt;/em&gt; are, in fact, slightly different. &lt;em&gt;Callar&lt;/em&gt; means just not speaking, while &lt;em&gt;callarse&lt;/em&gt; means to shut up. If I say &lt;em&gt;cállate&lt;/em&gt; to someone, I'm making a stronger request than if I just say &lt;em&gt;calla&lt;/em&gt;. The latest may just mean &lt;em&gt;don't say what you're about to say&lt;/em&gt;, or I'm asking the other person to keep quiet for a moment because I'm trying to listen to something else, or I'm trying to think about something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T10:33:29.187" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2018-05-11T11:24:09.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like Pablo's answer but I want to look at this from a slightly different point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at the original text, in English (from &lt;em&gt;In Pursuit of the Unknown&lt;/em&gt; by Ian Stewart):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He [Planck] used experimental observations of how energy depended on frequency, and fitted a mathematical formula to the data.  &lt;strong&gt;His formula, derived early in 1900, did not initially have any physical basis.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translator appears to have mistaken &lt;em&gt;basis&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;bases&lt;/em&gt;, which is the plural of &lt;em&gt;basis&lt;/em&gt;.  The negative statement goes with the singular noun.  An affirmative statement, on the other hand, can use either the singular and plural, as the situation calls for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198249801.001.0001/acprof-9780198249801-chapter-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt; of the plural, correctly used (taken from &lt;em&gt;Physicalism: The Philosophical Foundations&lt;/em&gt;, by Jeffrey Poland): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This chapter is devoted to the identification of the physical bases of the physicalist system. | &lt;em&gt;Este capítulo trata sobre la identificación de las bases físicas del sistema fisicalista.&lt;/em&gt; [my own translation]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's get back to Stewart's sentence.  What Stewart is saying is that when Planck wrote down a formula to model his &quot;experimental observations of how energy depends on frequency,&quot; his formula was purely empirical.  He was just fitting the data -- as opposed to starting from first principles.  In other words, there was no physical basis for the formula he wrote down; he wasn't describing reality as he saw it.  This is like when an art historian compares a an abstract painting, A, with a still life, B, by saying that the painting A wasn't based on a concrete physical object.  Thus, we are talking about a singular entity.  We're saying that the formula, and the painting, are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; based on that singular entity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When &lt;em&gt;ningún/ninguno/ninguna&lt;/em&gt; modifies a singular noun, it has to be singular, by the principle of number agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T11:24:09.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26198" CreationDate="2018-05-11T11:47:18.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26199/14627&quot;&gt;Gorpik's answer&lt;/a&gt; deals nicely with your question, but I'd like to add something that wouldn't fit in a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your English translation you have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;if Alison had not told the bank chief to shut up...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while in Spanish we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;si Alison no le hubiera dicho al jefe del banco que se callara...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;se callara&lt;/em&gt; is a form of &lt;em&gt;callarse&lt;/em&gt;, a pronominal verb that means &quot;to shut up&quot;, as already explained, so I'll leave that aside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; introduces a subordinate clause and it's equivalent to the English &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; in e.g. &quot;I told you that you should be early&quot;, only it's not optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your confusion might stem from the fact that the English structure that you use for reported speech in this case is totally different from that used in Spanish. In English you can &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell someone &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; s/he must do something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell someone &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt; do something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two are roughly equivalent, but most of the time you will use number 2. In Spanish, however, there's no exact equivalent to number 2 that uses our verb &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, since &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt; doesn't work exactly like English &quot;tell&quot;. For something close to the English &quot;tell so. to do sth.&quot;, you would have to use &lt;em&gt;mandar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;si Alison no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera mandado&lt;/strong&gt; al jefe del banco &lt;strong&gt;a callarse&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure is, as you see, &lt;em&gt;mandar a alguien a hacer algo&lt;/em&gt;, which nicely mirrors the English translation &quot;to tell someone to do something&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T11:47:18.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26207" CreationDate="2018-05-11T12:49:29.620" Score="3" ViewCount="1235" Body="&lt;p&gt;From theory, we know that &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; go with direct objects, and &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; with indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I read the book.&lt;/strong&gt; (The book is D.O.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Leo el libro. Lo leo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I give the book to Maria.&lt;/strong&gt; (The book is D.O., Maria is the I.O.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Doy el libro a María. Le doy el libro. Lo doy a ella. Se lo doy.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, forgive my overly grammatical approach. It's not that I don't know how it's used (my Spanish level is quite advanced). The thing is I'm quite perplexed with the actual use... I mean what I hear around me (I live in Granada), which at times sounds very... well... wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At times it seems as if most people casually use the I.O. form where there is a personal &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. Which, as we all know, doesn't necessarily imply an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Invité a María/Pablo a la fiesta.&lt;/strong&gt; (Maria/Pablo, despite the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, is not an I.O, it's a D.O)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, here... my idea is I have to use &lt;strong&gt;La/lo invité.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The thing is I mostly hear &lt;strong&gt;le invité&lt;/strong&gt;. Which sounds sooo wrong to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, every time I'm about to use something like that, I'm always afraid that I'm going to use the right form but to everyone else it's going to sound... wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what's the truth in that? Is it something along the lines of &quot;do as I say, not as I do&quot;? Is it a purely... local issue? Is it me who is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. My main concern is not only grammatical correctness. My spanish (and accent) are good enough so I want it to sound as natural as possible, even if this means using something that's not stricly correct... Qué os suena más natural? (y de dónde sois?, que parece ser de lo más importante jaja)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T13:50:16.123" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:34:38.520" Title="&quot;le&quot;, &quot;lo&quot;, &quot;la&quot; - leísmo and loísmo in Spain" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2018-05-11T12:59:23.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;150&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No seas rígido, adáptate, moldeate, dejáte fluir, sé como agua. Vacía&#xA;  tu mente, sin definición o estructura - como agua. El agua es la copa,&#xA;  botella o tetera. El agua fluye o golpea. Sé agua amigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="17935" LastEditDate="2018-05-12T10:41:36.460" LastActivityDate="2018-05-12T10:41:36.460" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-11T12:59:23.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26195" CreationDate="2018-05-11T13:08:48.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una diferencia de connotación entre los dos verbos es que, como ya se planteó, &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt; sugiere estar reviviendo un momento mientras que &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; da una idea de algo menos vívido (aunque por supuesto se puede decir &lt;em&gt;recordar &lt;strong&gt;con claridad, vívidamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.). Pienso que a esto ayuda bastante el hecho de que la palabra &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt; remita a &lt;em&gt;memoria&lt;/em&gt;, cosa que &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; no hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si me preguntan (y aunque el DLE no lo especifique), para mí la diferencia es que &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; sugiere la aparición espontánea de recuerdos en la memoria, mientras que &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt; connota una acción deliberada para traer esos recuerdos. O sea, la diferencia sería de intencionalidad. &lt;em&gt;Recordar&lt;/em&gt; sería básicamente involuntario, mientras que &lt;em&gt;rememorar&lt;/em&gt; sería volitivo. No estoy seguro de que esto sea así para todo el mundo, pero lo es para mí. Uno recuerda o hace un esfuerzo por recordar (pero los recuerdos vienen solos, fluyen, afloran, surgen, etc., según el uso habitual); en cambio uno rememora cuando se pone (se coloca voluntariamente en la posición y disposición de) a pensar sobre el pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T13:08:48.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24508" CreationDate="2018-05-11T14:17:51.963" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;«hé, hé, hé»&lt;/em&gt; como risa&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí aún en esa época así era una forma de escribir las risas. Mira aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SEM. He, he, he.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ELI. De que te ries? de mal cancer ſea comida eſſa boca deſgraciada y enojoſa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=44R47u15SWQC&amp;amp;pg=PA172&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Celestina. Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Fernando de Rojas (1599)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en las obras de Lope de Vega (por ejemplo) encontramos 'he', 'ha' y 'ay' como risas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todos.&lt;/em&gt; ha,ha,ha,he,he,he, que todo lo negro me vengan ave, de tuuociontu de ſanto Thome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=E7Ye4Uc4gFcC&amp;amp;pg=PP726&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las comedias del famoso poeta Lope de Vega Carpio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De los negros de Santo Thome&lt;/em&gt; (1609)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hozico de voſameſe,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  he,he,he&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me tiene periro, de amore venciro,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ay,ay,he,ay,ay,he&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que me morire, que me morire.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hozico neglo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y lo diente dentro, ay,ay,he,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;blanco ſobre prieto,he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  neglo tiene muerto,he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si non dà remedio,triſte yo que harè.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hozico dc vofa meſe,he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me tiene pcríro,dc amore venciro,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ay,ay,he,que me morire,ay,ay,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  hozíco mi dama,hc,.he,hc,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  anima me ſaca,ay,ay,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aino ſamo ingrata,he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con eya me [caſa],ay,ay,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no queremo branca,aunque quere â me.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El hozico de voſa meſe,he,he,he,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me tiene periro,de amore venciro,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ay,ay,he,que me morire,que me morire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fltoAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA2-PA253-IA1&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9,+h%C3%A9&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decima octava Parte de las Comedias de L. de V. C&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El Capellan de la Virgen&lt;/em&gt; (1623)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. La evolución de la risa escrita&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los cambios de sonidos en la lengua española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;j: [ʃ] → [x]&lt;/code&gt;  (cc siglo XIX)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;h: [h] →  ∅ &lt;/code&gt;  (cc siglo XVII)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma de expresar una risa también había cambiado, y se puede encontrar muchísimos ejemplos de &lt;em&gt;'ja, ja, ja'&lt;/em&gt; etc desde el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NpXAO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NpXAO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Until the 15th century both [f-] and [h-] were written as f. However, with the emergence of the phonemic distinction just alluded to, Spanish orthography began to reserve f for the first sound and h for the second. On the other hand, by the 16th century, /h/ was on the way to being eliminated from the phonemic inventory of Castilian Spanish, although the letter h was retained in the spelling system (and remains there, a curious anomaly in an otherwise largely phonemic system).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-05T14:11:09.467" LastActivityDate="2019-05-05T14:11:09.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24508" CreationDate="2018-05-11T14:35:52.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La letra H en un pasado remoto tenía un sonido cercano a la F que con el tiempo fue desaparenciendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Les remito lo siguiente tomado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-41667461&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La incógnita de la letra H: ¿por qué existe si no suena?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que la &lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt; no siempre fue muda. Los fenicios, los primeros al parecer en utilizarla, la pronunciaban como una &amp;quot;J&amp;quot; aspirada. Los griegos la adoptaron del fenicio dándole la forma mayúscula con que hoy la conocemos y pronunciándola como una suave aspiración. Del griego paso al latín, donde poco a poco fue suavizando su sonido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del latín la &lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt; dio el salto al español, donde también en un principio se decía aspirada, es decir, acompañada de una pequeña explosión de aire similar a la que caracteriza hoy en día a la pronunciación de la H aspirada del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, además de adueñarse de varios vocablos en latín que iniciaban con la H, el español se apropió también de numerosas palabras latinas que empezaban con &lt;strong&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt;, y que también en castellano comenzaban en un principio con esa letra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero con el pasar de los años, y dado que en algunas zonas de España esa F se pronunciaba también aspirada, esa letra inicial empezó a ser sustituida por la H a partir del siglo XIV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es el caso por ejemplo de farina, que pasó a ser harina; del verbo hacer (que en sus orígenes era facer), de helecho (felecho en la Edad Media), herir (ferir), hurto (furto), humo (fumo), higo (en &amp;quot;El Cantar del Mío Cid&amp;quot;, que data de alrededor del año 1200, aparece como figo) y tantos otros vocablos. Y ese cambio también afectó a palabras que tenían la H intercalada, como es el caso de búho (bufo en latín).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE sostiene que hasta mediados del siglo XVI la H aún se pronunciaba por medio de una aspiración en algunas palabras, sobre todo en aquellas que originalmente comenzaban por la F latina. Al principio, era la gente culta la que al hablar pronunciaba la H mediante una ligera aspiración.&#xA;Pero a partir del siglo XV, esa tendencia cambió y las haches aspiradas comenzaron a considerarse un vulgarismo, algo propio de las clases bajas y de gente no instruida. Y así, sigilosa y paulatinamente, la H enmudeció completamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T13:51:16.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26202" CreationDate="2018-05-11T15:21:09.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use of leísmos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;is frowned upon by RAE&lt;/a&gt; when referring to objects. Its use is only allowed as a replacement for singular masculine direct objects that are human, and this decision was only made due to the high prevalence of speakers who use this form — &lt;code&gt;leismo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Has visto a Juan? Sí, le vi ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that the strictly correct way to say the sentence above is by replacing &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plural forms of leísmo are not accepted due to their scarce use in texts even as far back as the first texts in Spanish.&#xA;When the pronoun acts as an indirect complement, the only accepted forms are &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; (for plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Laísmos (and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=brlwWceSGD6zzJ7sJ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;loísmos&lt;/a&gt;) are strictly forbidden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=3RIMcqYTTD65i0QBLE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;laísmo&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Es el uso &lt;strong&gt;impropio&lt;/strong&gt; de la(s) en función de complemento indirecto femenino, en lugar de le(s), que es la forma a la que corresponde etimológicamente ejercer esa función&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=brlwWceSGD6zzJ7sJ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;loísmo&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Es el uso &lt;strong&gt;impropio&lt;/strong&gt; de lo(s) en función de complemento indirecto masculino (de persona o de cosa) o neutro (cuando el antecedente es un pronombre neutro o toda una oración), en lugar de le(s), que es la forma a la que corresponde etimológicamente ejercer esa función&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Incorrect use of la (laísmo) / lo (loísmo) and their plural forms as feminine (laísmo) / masculino (loísmo) indirect complement&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read the definition of leísmo, it is, in fact, very similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leísmo&lt;/a&gt;. 1. Es el uso impropio de le(s) en función de complemento directo, en lugar de lo (para el masculino singular o neutro), los (para el masculino plural) y la(s) (para el femenino), que son las formas a las que corresponde etimológicamente ejercer esa función&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;...incorrect use of *le* as direct complement&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, RAE explicitly allows one use case for leísmo, it doesn't allow use cases for laísmo/loísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regional considerations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you may have noticed, discovering these incorrect structures is very easy for someone who hasn't been hearing them.  (I come from Latin America where its use is almost zero.)  They sound blatantly wrong to the ears of someone who doesn't use them. Laísmo is mostly used in Madrid and also the northern part of Spain. Leísmo is employed in Castilla y León.  (Valladolid, where the so-called world's best Spanish is spoken, is very leísta.)  Loísmo is the least used and its use is almost exclusively in areas of Asturian influence.  (These usage notes come from my experience living in Spain.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to your question. This comes solely from my personal experience so it may be wrong, but living in Valladolid and Madrid for several years allowed me to hear a lot of leísmos and laísmos.  Many friends, lifetime-&lt;em&gt;leístas&lt;/em&gt; or lifetime-&lt;em&gt;laístas&lt;/em&gt; did in fact notice different usages of &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; for those of us who weren't leístas or laístas. The use of leísmo/laísmo doesn't sound bad to them, so it is difficult for them to change their ways (as they expressed), but they did try to correct themselves while talking with us. Rather than develop habits that may be difficult to break later, I advise you to use &lt;code&gt;le,&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;lo,&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; in a grammatically correct way each time you use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt; As a Spanish speaker, you must stick to the correct usages of the language. People won't get mad at you and it won't sound bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fun fact: I have a coworker from Granada and he's against the use of leísmo and laísmo. He probably has a different background than the people you hear using leísmos and laísmos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14007" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:22:21.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26202" CreationDate="2018-05-11T15:21:51.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is my understanding, from many years of teaching Spanish, that &quot;le&quot; can be used as a direct object when referring to a person.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can give you a reference, but I know that I read this in one of the many textbooks I used when teaching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-09T01:34:38.520" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:34:38.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26211" CreationDate="2018-05-11T17:16:58.950" Score="4" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Ha sido la palabra ítem siempre parte del DLE o fue agregada recientemente? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al principio pensé que se trataba de un anglicismo, pero al parecer proviene del latín y es la primera vez que la veo en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T18:18:21.787" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T19:27:46.833" Title="¿Cuándo fue la palabra &quot;ítem&quot; agregada al DLE?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26202" CreationDate="2018-05-11T17:42:37.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the problem of &quot;Le invite&quot; and &quot;Lo invite&quot; centers on how easy it is to confuse the direct object (DO) from the indirect object (IO).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One clear example would be : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Le invite un cafe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; where it is clear that the DO is the &quot;cafe&quot; &#xA;  while&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Le\lo invite a una fiesta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; becomes confusing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could it be that in the sentence &quot;le\lo invite a una fiesta&quot; the DO and the IO change places?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Sorry for answering with a question, but now I am more confused.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-09T01:31:13.307" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T01:31:13.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26209" CreationDate="2018-05-11T18:49:40.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Utilizando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; se puede comprobar que aparece ya desde el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495 y siguientes.&#xA;En cuanto al DRAE en concreto, desde la primera edición del mismo, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=28275&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA%5FINDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA%5Fform%2Ehtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en 1734:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ITEM&lt;/strong&gt;. adv. Latino, que se usa para hacer distinción de artículos, o capítulos, en alguna escritura o instrumento: y tambien por señal de adición o repetición de lo que se ha dicho. Dícese vulgarmente Item más, aunque el más está de sobra. QUEV. Mus. 6. Rom. 49.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Su modo de proceder &#xA;  es un puro testamento,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  porque todo es item más,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  después de mandar su cuerpo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDICION  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción informática por la que el OP pregunta en un comentario a su pregunta no puede ser, evidentemente, tan antigua, pero aparece ya en la edición de 1984:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Informát&lt;/em&gt;. Conjunto secuencial de caracteres que pertenecen a un mismo dato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T19:27:46.833" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T19:27:46.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="302" CreationDate="2018-05-11T20:46:39.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Biñuelo&lt;/em&gt; is an Extremaduran&lt;sup&gt;1 2 3 4&lt;/sup&gt; variant&lt;sup&gt;5 6&lt;/sup&gt; of the word &lt;em&gt;buñuelo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;U:&lt;/strong&gt; En el habla rústica se sustituye por &lt;em&gt;e:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;m&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;rmuración, m&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;rmurar,&lt;/em&gt; y también por &lt;em&gt;i:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;b&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;ñuelo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dip-badajoz.es/cultura/ceex/reex_digital/reex_X/1936/T.%20X%20n.%202%201936%20mayo-ag/RV09822.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apuntes lingüísticos de Extremadura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though not in the DLE, it appears in two older dictionaries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BIÑUELO.&lt;/strong&gt; m. &lt;em&gt;Amer.C.&lt;/em&gt; BUÑUELO. (CUERVO)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1895 ZEROLO&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Biñuelo.&lt;/strong&gt; m. &lt;em&gt;Amer.&lt;/em&gt; En Colombia, buñuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1918 RODRÍGUEZ NAVAS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its prevalence in Colombian (and Panamanian) Spanish is readily explained by the fact that many of the early colonisers of Colombia were of Extremaduran (and Andalusian) origin.&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6pZE8TeU_HMC&amp;amp;pg=PA183&amp;amp;lpg=PA183&amp;amp;dq=%22bi%C3%B1uelo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El español de América&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.183)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.geolectos.com/cumbres.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS EXTREMEÑOS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.calameo.com/books/004677820e7861bbcaeaa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de palabras de mi infancia (Calamonte, años 50 y 60)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.34)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://diccionariodeextremadura.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/b/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Extremadura: Palabras usadas en Extremadura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IX. VOCES CORROMPIDAS.&lt;/strong&gt; e. Por cambio de vocales, en virtud de asimilación y simpatía: &lt;em&gt;bracelete, chiminea, infriar, chocozuela, culumpio, tutuma, fundillo, tubillo, tulundrón, añidir, &lt;strong&gt;biñuelo&lt;/strong&gt;, ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bUSTszy2cCgC&amp;amp;pg=PA18&amp;amp;lpg=PA18&amp;amp;dq=%22bi%C3%B1uelo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario abreviado de galicismos, provincialismos y correcciones de lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el vocalismo destaca sobre todo la fuerte tendencia a la supresión&#xA;vocálica ... y a la constante inestabilidad del vocalismo átono (... «biñuelo», 'buñuelo').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nuestramusica.unex.es/nuestra_musica/bibliografia/habla4.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dialectología y folclore en Extremadura en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.820)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20160610210625/http://aplicaciones.virtual.unal.edu.co/blogs/hacolombia/category/cap-ii/3-la-america-espanola-1730-1810/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La América española. El apasionamiento escenográfico, 1730–1810&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1990)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-13T15:22:37.033" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T15:22:37.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-12T01:01:16.433" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the name of the church in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;el faro de luz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19430" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-12T05:17:00.720" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T09:57:59.387" Title="Would the name of a church need to be capitalised in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26216" CreationDate="2018-05-12T01:41:24.733" Score="3" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;En cierto lugar que no recuerdo en este instante, pude leer la frase (redundante a mi parecer) 'envien sus correos e &lt;em&gt;emails&lt;/em&gt;'. Según entiendo el extranjerismo no es necesario, pero ya tiene un cierto arraigo. Sin embargo, en primer lugar creo que bastaría con mencionar 'envíen sus correos' incluyendo los 'físicos' y los 'electrónicos' y en segundo lugar... ¿la conjunción debe ser 'y' o 'e'?  La palabra la he oído como [Imeil] y como [Email] (no sé como escribirlo en AFI), por lo que queda la duda de la conjunción a utilizar (aunque si se va a usar la frase redundante sería mucho más correcto '&lt;em&gt;emails&lt;/em&gt; y correos', evitando dolores de cabeza)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-25T14:59:57.320" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T14:59:57.320" Title="correos &amp; emails" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-05-14T05:29:40.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21155" CreationDate="2018-05-12T02:16:41.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya se definió la respuesta y el tiempo ha pasado pero... ¿hubiese contado una oración con homógrafos? algo de tipo 'el bote dio un bote del bote pues el tonto del bote buscaba sacar del bote y darse del bote del bote que estaba de bote en bote'... algo así como 'la &lt;em&gt;propina&lt;/em&gt; se &lt;em&gt;cayó&lt;/em&gt; de su &lt;em&gt;recipiente&lt;/em&gt; pues el &lt;em&gt;grandisimo&lt;/em&gt; tonto quería &lt;em&gt;aprovechar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;salir rápido&lt;/em&gt; del &lt;em&gt;buque&lt;/em&gt; que estaba &lt;em&gt;bastante lleno&lt;/em&gt;' (en cursiva las definiciones de bote, que son 6 palabras distintas con múltiples acepciones)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-05-12T02:16:41.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26214" CreationDate="2018-05-12T02:53:41.030" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mira &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12866/5481&quot;&gt;¿Qué opción es correcta: “y e-mail” o “e e-mail”?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;debe usarse la forma «e» de la conjunción copulativa «y», pues se supone que casi todos los hispanohablantes leen eso como «imeil».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la primera parte de la pregunta, el DRAE apunta en la entrada de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AyfHjz9%7CAyjqP7U&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;correo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en su séptima acepción &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. correo electrónico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que &quot;correo&quot; es sinónimo de &quot;correo electrónico&quot;. Quizá podrías usar &quot;carta&quot; para referirte a &quot;correos físicos&quot; (tradicionales). Como curiosidad mira &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22374/5481&quot;&gt;¿Se usa “carta” para referirse a un “correo electrónico”?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-05-12T02:53:41.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-12T19:13:40.547" Score="4" ViewCount="1774" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SqyV2F4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar&lt;/strong&gt; alguien &lt;strong&gt;pez&lt;/strong&gt; en alguna materia&lt;/a&gt; viene definido como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Ignorarla por completo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparece en el DRAE por primera vez en la edición de 1970, pero ¿se sabe de dónde viene y cuándo empezó a utilizarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-13T13:07:28.517" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;estar pez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26217" CreationDate="2018-05-12T19:51:36.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que viene de algo como «estar más mudo que un pez»:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estar pez!&lt;/strong&gt; La palma de la mano derecha se coloca sobre el dorso de la izquierda. Ambos pulgares imitan el movimiento de unas aletas de pez. Interpretación: &lt;strong&gt;Estuve más mudo que un pez, es decir, que no supe decir una palabra en el examen.&lt;/strong&gt; El gesto insinúa además la idea de «nadando», la que por asociación fonética se trueca, resultando «nada».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Wf1DAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22estar+pez%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ensayos y Estudios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1939)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, este sitio conjetura que la frase viene de la otra significación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SqzysER&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (del Lat. &lt;em&gt;picis&lt;/em&gt;, no de &lt;em&gt;piscis&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta expresión, &lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la sustancia resinosa, sólida, lustrosa, quebradiza y de color pardo amarillento que se obtiene echando en agua fría el residuo que deja la trementina al acabar de sacarle el aguarrás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta pez se utiliza para lustrar y proteger pieles curtidas, así como para revestir el interior de odres y botas de vino. Con este recubrimiento se les hace impermeables además de mejorar su conservación. Por eso se utiliza esta expresión para personas que están vacías como un odre, sin nada dentro. Ignorantes por completo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lalenguaesagrandesconocida.wordpress.com/2014/10/12/estar-pez-en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://lalenguaesagrandesconocida.wordpress.com/2014/10/12/estar-pez-en/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que el autor pensaba que podría ser una contracción de &lt;em&gt;[estar] '&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SqzysER&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pez con pez&lt;/a&gt;'&lt;/em&gt; (que utiliza esta definición de &lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt;), que es una frase &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JimQKEPdw3cC&amp;amp;pg=PA316&amp;amp;dq=%22pez+con+pez%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más antigua&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SqzysER&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pe̲z̲ con pe̲z̲&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;loc. adv.&lt;/code&gt; Totalmente desocupado, desembarazado o vacío, por alusión a lo que sucede en los pellejos empegados cuando no tienen nada dentro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Cita más temprano que encontré:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;... á Perencejo, que se sabe de buten las papeletas N y M, &lt;strong&gt;y está pez&lt;/strong&gt; en las R y S, le tocan las primeras al examinarse en la Academia de Artillería y las segundas en la de Administración Militar, Perencejito será artillero; mas si la ciega suerte ...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tfMaAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22est%C3%A1+pez%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La España moderna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1904)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-13T13:07:28.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26213" CreationDate="2018-05-12T22:11:27.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, In Spanish, the name of a church would be capitalized in much the same way as you would capitalize the title of a book (in English): the first and last word and all main words.  It is also common to see the name of a church with all words (including &quot;de&quot; or &quot;del&quot;) capitalized, particularly on signs and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T09:57:59.387" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T09:57:59.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26213" CreationDate="2018-05-13T16:29:30.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/mayusculas-y-minusculas-en-nombre-de-iglesias-956/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu BBVA&lt;/a&gt; says this on the topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las denominaciones de las iglesias constan de dos partes, una genérica (&lt;em&gt;iglesia, iglesia arciprestal, basílica,&lt;/em&gt; etc.), que se escribe con inicial &lt;strong&gt;minúscula&lt;/strong&gt;, y otra específica (&lt;em&gt;de San Jaime, de El Salvador&lt;/em&gt;…), que se escribe con inicial &lt;strong&gt;mayúscula&lt;/strong&gt;. Así pues, la forma apropiada de escribir el primero de sus ejemplos sería &lt;strong&gt;«iglesia arciprestal de San Jaime»&lt;/strong&gt;. La palabra &lt;em&gt;catedral&lt;/em&gt; se escribe siempre con inicial minúscula: &lt;strong&gt;«la catedral de Burgos»&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«iglesia el Faro de Luz»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;unless it was at the start of a sentence/the title of something, in which the first word would be capitalised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE's DPD&lt;/a&gt;, in its section on capital letters, doesn't make mention of churches, but says this about the names of &lt;em&gt;buildings&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MAYÚSCULAS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Uso de mayúscula inicial independientemente de la puntuación.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.14.&lt;/strong&gt; Los sustantivos y adjetivos que componen el nombre de entidades, organismos, departamentos o divisiones administrativas, edificios, monumentos, establecimientos públicos, partidos políticos, etc.:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;el Ministerio de Hacienda, la Casa Rosada, la Biblioteca Nacional, el Museo de Bellas Artes, la Real Academia de la Historia, el Instituto Caro y Cuervo, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Facultad de Medicina, el Departamento de Recursos Humanos, el Área de Gestión Administrativa, la Torre de Pisa, el Teatro Real, el Café de los Artistas, el Partido Demócrata.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;También se escribe con mayúscula el término que en el uso corriente nombra de forma abreviada una determinada institución o edificio:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;la Nacional&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;la Biblioteca Nacional&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;el Cervantes&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;el Instituto Cervantes&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;la Complutense&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;la Universidad Complutense&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;el Real&lt;/em&gt; (por &lt;em&gt;el Teatro Real&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-13T16:46:59.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26221" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26223" CreationDate="2018-05-13T22:51:09.347" Score="1" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a &quot;zamposta&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon this in the following article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infobierzo.com/os-maios-de-villafranca-del-bierzo-se-levantaron-al-sol-de-una-tradicion-milenaria/391707/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Os Maios de Villafranca del Bierzo se ‘levantaron’ al sol de una tradición milenaria&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you cannot link to the article, it appeared in the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ‘maios’ se han tumbado por las calles para levantarse al ritmo de ‘Levántate maio bastante dormiche, pasa un burro e non o sentiche’, la popular canción que les acompaña durante este día para reclamar en los balcones de las viviendas, castañas, caramelos o monedas a las “doncellas” y “cabaleiros”, &lt;strong&gt;o reprender a las “roñosas” o “zampostas”.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For various reasons, I’m assuming the word is Galician.  However, after consulting several Galician dictionaries (albeit only ones I can access online and for free), I was not able to find the word.  Dictionaries/sources I consulted include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://glosbe.com/gl/en/zamposta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Glosbe's Galician-English Dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://galician.galego.free.fr/index_uk.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Langoland's Galician Dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.significadode.org/gallego/zamposta.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario Abierto de Gallego&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#gl/en/zamposta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google Translate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a search of Google Books, I could only find one legitimate instance of it — where it was fully spelled out in one word.  However, the book appears to be written in Finnish, &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#auto/en/John%20Sj%C3%B6berg%20kertoi%20oikeudelle%20oivallisesta%20ruumiskoirastaan%20Zamposta%3A%20koira%20oli%20ilmaissut%20koko%20joukon%20paikkoja%2C%20joihin%20Quick%20oli%20v%C3%A4itt%C3%A4nyt%20k%C3%A4tkeneens%C3%A4%20Johanin%20ruumiinosia.%20Ja%20jos%20oikeudelle%20tulisi%20mieleen%20ihmetell%C3%A4%2C%20miksi%20mit%C3%A4%C3%A4n%20ei%20ollut%20l%C3%B6ytynyt%20...&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;for which Google Translate seems to think &quot;Zamposta&quot; is the name of a dog kennel.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose I could try to contact the person who wrote the article since this word seems to be so elusive, but my success with such inquiries has been abysmally low (plus the author of this article doesn't even add their name to it!), so I thought I'd post this here to see what can be dug up in the sage beehive of a mind that is the Spanish StackExchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué significa &quot;zamposta&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me topé con ésta en el siguiente artículo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infobierzo.com/os-maios-de-villafranca-del-bierzo-se-levantaron-al-sol-de-una-tradicion-milenaria/391707/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Os Maios de Villafranca del Bierzo se ‘levantaron’ al sol de una tradición milenaria&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En caso de que no puedas enlazar al artículo, aparece en la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por diversos razones, estoy asumiendo que la palabra es gallega.  Sin embargo, tras consultar varios diccionarios gallegos (los únicos a los que pude acceder en línea y gratis), no pude encontrar la palabra.  Los diccionarios/fuentes consultados incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una búsqueda de Google Books, sólo pude encontrar una instancia legítima de ella — donde era plenamente escrita en una palabra.  No obstante, el libro parece escrito en finlandés, &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#auto/en/John%20Sj%C3%B6berg%20kertoi%20oikeudelle%20oivallisesta%20ruumiskoirastaan%20Zamposta%3A%20koira%20oli%20ilmaissut%20koko%20joukon%20paikkoja%2C%20joihin%20Quick%20oli%20v%C3%A4itt%C3%A4nyt%20k%C3%A4tkeneens%C3%A4%20Johanin%20ruumiinosia.%20Ja%20jos%20oikeudelle%20tulisi%20mieleen%20ihmetell%C3%A4%2C%20miksi%20mit%C3%A4%C3%A4n%20ei%20ollut%20l%C3%B6ytynyt%20...&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;para que Google Translate parece pensar que “Zamposta” es el nombre de una perrera.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que podría intentar contactar la persona que escribió el artículo dado que esta palabra parece ser tan elusiva, pero mi éxito con tales investigaciones ha sido extremadamente bajo (además, ¡el autor de este artículo ni siquiera firmó con su nombre!), así que pensé en publicar esto aquí para ver qué pueda ser desenterrado en la sabia mente colmena que es el Spanish StackExchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-14T05:37:24.540" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T05:46:46.800" Title="What is a &quot;zamposta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26221" CreationDate="2018-05-14T05:46:46.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Le he preguntado a una amiga gallega a ver si conoce esa palabra, pero mientras tanto te diré que esa tradición de pedir regalos y reprender a quienes no te los dan no es exclusiva de Galicia. Hay un villancico típico que se canta en España, que dice así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dame el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1FBz3Iz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguinaldo&lt;/a&gt;, carita de rosa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que no tienes cara de ser tan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WhPdp3H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;roñosa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;roñoso&lt;/em&gt; se usa principalmente de dos formas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando algo está roñoso es que está lleno de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WhCP710&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;roña&lt;/a&gt;, es decir, de suciedad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando alguien es roñoso es que es un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yuib8De&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tacaño&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que alguien tacaño es alguien que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GDHe2xv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escatima&lt;/a&gt; en el gasto. Luego si vas por ahí pidiendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bp3lFve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dádivas&lt;/a&gt; a los vecinos, normal que quieras agradecérselo a aquellos que te las dan, y tachar de avariciosos a los que no. Por tanto, una persona &lt;em&gt;zamposta&lt;/em&gt; será alguien que entra en esta segunda categoría, si la ponen como sinónima de &lt;em&gt;roñosa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T05:46:46.800" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26225" CreationDate="2018-05-14T06:07:23.070" Score="4" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana he tenido un pequeño diálogo con mi hijo mayor que me dejó pensando en cómo plantear aquí la duda que me generó. Así que vamos allá. El caso es que al salir de un centro comercial le sacamos de una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compravending.com/bd/anuncios/200810161139200.Giant_Superball_Aluminio.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;máquina expendedora de pelotas sorpresa&lt;/a&gt; una pelotita de goma de las que botan mucho, y cuando volvíamos a casa en el coche intercambiamos este par de frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Qué, te gusta la pelotita que te ha tocado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, me encanta, pero ahora me encanta solo un poquito, luego en casa cuando pueda jugar con ella me encantará más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa frase que me soltó hizo que me chirriaran un poco las neuronas porque claro, cuando algo te gusta no lo haces depender del tiempo, dado que sabes que antes o después podrás jugar con ese juguete. Es el concepto tras la expresión &lt;em&gt;hacer ilusión&lt;/em&gt;: la esperanza de poder pasártelo bien con algo en el futuro. Sin embargo, él vive el presente y no estaba contento en ese momento porque no podía jugar con la pelota al ir en el coche, y expresó que en casa estaría más contento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que en ese momento no supe decirle a mi hijo qué verbo o expresión tenía que usar que encajara mejor con lo que él quería decir. ¿Qué pensáis? ¿Dais por buena su frase? ¿Creéis que se hizo entender bien? ¿Cómo se podría mejorar? ¿Qué verbo encajaría mejor con el concepto que él estaba intentando expresar? ¿O sería mejor reordenar la frase y expresarla de otra forma diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T02:05:19.553" Title="Buscando un verbo que encaje mejor con &quot;ahora me encanta solo un poco, luego me encantará más&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26224" CreationDate="2018-05-14T09:06:28.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que te descuadra en el uso de &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; es que, en este contexto, conlleva ya de por sí una gradación de &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ez09pdw#MqvkkSn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;encantar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;incantāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. intr. Gustar &lt;strong&gt;en gran medida&lt;/strong&gt;, agradar &lt;strong&gt;mucho&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Le encanta el cine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, decir &lt;em&gt;«me encanta solo un poquito»&lt;/em&gt; es decir &lt;em&gt;«me gusta mucho solo un poco»&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual es contradictorio. Es necesario eliminar la gradación implícita, usando un verbo más básico (&lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;agradar&lt;/strong&gt;) que pueda aceptar los adverbios &lt;em&gt;mucho/poco&lt;/em&gt; de manera pura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo anterior se sigue que sí sería válido &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JueNX6F#8eL41LU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué, te gusta la pelotita que te ha tocado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Sí, &lt;strong&gt;me gusta&lt;/strong&gt;, pero ahora &lt;strong&gt;me gusta&lt;/strong&gt; solo un poquito, luego en casa cuando pueda jugar con ella &lt;strong&gt;me gustará&lt;/strong&gt; más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque lo descartes en tu pregunta, no comparto la afirmación de que &lt;em&gt;«cuando algo te gusta no lo haces depender del tiempo»&lt;/em&gt;: muy pocas cosas nos gustan siempre, ya que hay muchas que no conocemos y otras que nos acaban cansando; y en especial las cosas nuevas nos pueden ir gustando cada vez más o cada vez menos conforme las vamos descubriendo y explorando.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de tu hijo, acabas de comprarle esta pelota y de momento lo único que conoce de ella son sus colores, su tacto, la &lt;strong&gt;alegría&lt;/strong&gt; que le supone que su papá se la haya regalado... Eso le gusta; pero no puede jugar con ella, por tanto el &lt;strong&gt;disfrute&lt;/strong&gt; no es completo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así, discretamente, he introducido otras dos posibilidades, que serían &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DusQUW3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;disfrutar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué, te gusta la pelotita que te ha tocado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Sí, &lt;strong&gt;disfruto&lt;/strong&gt; con ella&lt;/em&gt; [con sus colores, su forma, con saber que tengo una pelota nueva]&lt;em&gt;, pero ahora &lt;strong&gt;disfruto&lt;/strong&gt; solo un poquito, luego en casa cuando pueda jugar con ella &lt;strong&gt;disfrutaré&lt;/strong&gt; más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O simplemente &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1hHpisE#0kKTVns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alegrarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué, te gusta la pelotita que te ha tocado?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;—Sí, &lt;strong&gt;me alegra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [tenerla]&lt;em&gt;, pero ahora &lt;strong&gt;me alegra&lt;/strong&gt; solo un poquito, luego en casa cuando pueda jugar con ella &lt;strong&gt;me alegrará&lt;/strong&gt; más.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T09:06:28.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2018-05-14T10:17:40.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Eureka!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh my god, I don't even know how I missed &lt;strong&gt;eureka&lt;/strong&gt; when I asked this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H68RvEA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;eureka&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del gr. εὕρηκα &lt;em&gt;heúrēka&lt;/em&gt; 'he hallado', perf. de εὑρίσκειν &lt;em&gt;heurískein&lt;/em&gt; 'hallar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. U. cuando se halla o descubre algo que se busca con afán.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I know it is an interjection rather than an expression, but it is not that far away from latinisms like &lt;em&gt;bis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Maybe I missed it because it is considered Spanish now (note how the DLE does not use italics for it), but I thought it deserved its own answer anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T01:56:22.247" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T01:56:22.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26371" CreationDate="2018-05-14T10:49:16.480" Score="6" ViewCount="3646" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hojeando el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; veo las siguientes definiciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ITERAR&lt;/strong&gt;. Repetir lo que se ha hecho ù dicho varias veces. (Tomo G-M, de 1734.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;REITERAR&lt;/strong&gt;. Volver à executar ò repetir alguna cosa. (Tomo O-R, de 1737.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta curioso que en un libro escrito en 1734 se usara &lt;em&gt;ù&lt;/em&gt; como conjunción a pesar de que la siguiente palabra no provocara cacofonía, mientras que en 1737 ya se usara &lt;em&gt;ò&lt;/em&gt;. Veo en todo caso que en el tomo de 1734 sí se usa &lt;em&gt;ò&lt;/em&gt; en otros casos: &quot;lo mismo que triángulo equilátero, ò cuyos tres lados son iguales&quot;. Y lo mismo en el tomo de 1737 con &lt;em&gt;ù&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;se llama también el clavo ù hierro redondo, con que se juega al herrón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta pues: ¿qué norma siguió la RAE en su &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; con respecto al uso de &lt;em&gt;o/u&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuándo se escribía una y cuándo otra? ¿Cómo cambió esta norma y cuándo se estableció en la que tenemos actualmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo el siguiente punto de partida: la definición de &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; en el citado diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sirve muchas veces de partícula disiuntiva, especialmente quando la dicción acaba en &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, ò la siguiente empieza con ella, para evitar la cacophonia, ò quando la dicción siguiente empieza con &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;, para quitar la mal sonancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto explica bastante los usos de &lt;em&gt;ù&lt;/em&gt; en los textos mencionados, dado que en un caso la palabra siguiente empieza por &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;, y en otro la anterior acaba en &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, pero introduce una nueva cuestión: ¿qué malsonancia se provocaba al juntar &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; con una palabra que empezara por &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T12:14:52.730" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T12:14:52.730" Title="¿Por qué la RAE recomendaba usar &quot;u&quot; como conjunción en vez de &quot;o&quot; ante palabras que empezaran por &quot;d&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26230" CreationDate="2018-05-14T11:10:01.347" Score="1" ViewCount="518" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just came across &lt;em&gt;no te pares&lt;/em&gt; which according to google translate means &lt;em&gt;don't stop&lt;/em&gt;. This is the exact meaning of the negative imperative tú form &lt;em&gt;no pares&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between them and what is the purpose of the object pronoun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Mantente en el camino a través del bosque y no pares! (taken from a little red riding hood story.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pares&lt;/em&gt; is used even though the idea is that she is moving from one place to another.Should &lt;em&gt;no te pares&lt;/em&gt; be used instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T06:48:45.697" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T06:48:45.697" Title="What is the difference between &quot;no pares&quot; and &quot;no te pares&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26228" CreationDate="2018-05-14T11:38:41.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RsVKhBv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is one of those verbs with a lot of meanings. It would be better if you gave us a bit of context, but nonetheless I will tell you what I understand if someone tells me both sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No pares&lt;/em&gt;: if someone tells me that, I would mainly understand that I should not stop doing what I am doing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No te pares&lt;/em&gt;: if someone tells me that, I would mainly understand that I should not stop walking (or running).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is that both meanings refer to the 11th definition of &lt;em&gt;parar&lt;/em&gt;, that says that the verb can be used both as an intransitive and as a pronominal verb without changing its meaning. The subtle difference is the implicit action that should not stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples taken from CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero ya que estamos en esto, ¡habla, habla! ¡no pares de hablar!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(Don't stop talking!)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corre, ve a traerlo, Pascual, no te pares.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(Don't stop running.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, I have said that this is what I would &lt;em&gt;mainly&lt;/em&gt; understand without any other information, as both cases are somewhat interchangeable. I wouldn't say &quot;no te pares de hablar&quot; or &quot;corre, ve a traerlo, no pares&quot;, but in the case of someone driving I could say to them &quot;no pares aquí&quot; or &quot;no te pares aquí&quot;, because I can consider that person as performing a general action (driving in this case) or as someone who is moving from one place to another (as if walking or running).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T06:47:30.393" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T06:47:30.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27562" CreationDate="2018-05-14T13:59:27.200" Score="8" ViewCount="390" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supongo que todos conocen la palabra &lt;strong&gt;eureka&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26226/13628&quot;&gt;vocablo español que nos llegó del griego&lt;/a&gt; y que se usa cuando se encuentra algo (normalmente la solución a un problema) tras buscar mucho tiempo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La mayoría la conocerá por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principio_de_Arqu%C3%ADmedes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arquímedes&lt;/a&gt;, pues cuenta la leyenda que, cuando a este sabio griego se le ocurrió la idea que luego derivó en su famoso principio de flotabilidad, salió de su casa gritando &lt;em&gt;«Eureka! Eureka!»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta historia, la expresión podría venir usándose desde el s. III a. C., que es cuando vivió Arquímedes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, en la respuesta que enlazo al principio, apunta Charlie (acertadamente como siempre) que, lo que es llegar, llegar... del griego no parece que nos llegase, o al menos no de manera natural y directa como otras locuciones latinas; pues apenas hay registrados usos anteriores al s. XIX, ni aparece en los diccionarios hasta mediados del XX, y no parece probable que hasta ese entonces la palabra se viniese usando de manera normal sin que, casualmente, nadie la dejase por escrito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que me ha chocado un poco este descubrimiento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Buscando por mi cuenta, lo más que he encontrado es &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=Ac82SP1ca2wC&amp;amp;pg=RA6-PA9-IA7&amp;amp;dq=%22eureka%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjA8u3qn4XbAhWGcRQKHTlACJs4FBDoAQgmMAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22eureka%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una publicación de 1791&lt;/a&gt; que usa el término de manera bastante natural, sin explicarlo, como si esperase que el lector supiese lo que quiere decir. Además, la publicación está editada en Perú y, aunque posible, me resulta difícil de creer que un vocablo griego pudiera estar usándose en el Perú del s. XVIII (cuando aún era un virreinato español) de manera espontánea o por influencia de nada que no fuese la lengua de la propia España. Pero, lamentablemente, no he hallado ningún otro uso que preceda a ese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo anterior y haciendo buena mi suposición, como mucho podemos concluir que &lt;em&gt;eureka&lt;/em&gt; ya se usaba en la España de finales del s. XVIII.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguen siendo 2000 años de diferencia respecto del uso original. Parece claro entonces que la palabra se introdujo de manera &quot;artificial&quot; en algún momento anterior, pero ¿cuándo y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es el primer uso conocido de &lt;em&gt;eureka&lt;/em&gt; en un texto en español?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus conspiranoico: ¿realmente dijo Arquímedes &lt;em&gt;eureka&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cómo es entonces que no hay registros de tal palabra en un idioma como el español, con tanta influencia de las lenguas clásicas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-11-26T08:29:00.117" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T08:29:00.117" Title="¿Cómo llegó la expresión &quot;eureka&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26228" CreationDate="2018-05-14T14:25:23.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26230/14627&quot;&gt;Charlie says&lt;/a&gt;, the difference between &lt;em&gt;parar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pararse&lt;/em&gt; in this context are slim, but also (again as Charlie says) consider that there are regional variations. If I had to translate I'd say &lt;em&gt;No pares&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;Don't stop doing whatever you're doing&quot;, while &lt;em&gt;No te pares&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;Don't stop moving&quot;, and these meanings might coincide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's one important difference, and that is that you can say e.g. &lt;em&gt;no pares de correr&lt;/em&gt; but you cannot say &lt;em&gt;*no te pares de correr&lt;/em&gt;. So there's a construction [&lt;em&gt;parar de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive] but no equivalent construction using the pronominal &lt;em&gt;pararse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that in the Americas (and Murcia, Spain, according to the DLE), &lt;em&gt;pararse&lt;/em&gt; also means &quot;to stand up, to get to one's feet&quot;. A text that is intended for an international Spanish-speaking audience should take this into account, so if the meaning must be &quot;don't stop (moving/doing)&quot;, then &lt;em&gt;no te pares&lt;/em&gt; may not be the better choice; for that meaning, &lt;em&gt;no pares&lt;/em&gt; is universal and unambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T10:26:15.957" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T10:26:15.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26237" CreationDate="2018-05-14T14:37:41.543" Score="4" ViewCount="405" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/apendices/apendice2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list of common abbreviations in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; includes the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* before current era */&#xA;a. de C.    antes de Cristo&#xA;a. de J. C. antes de Jesucristo&#xA;a. J. C.    antes de Jesucristo&#xA;&#xA;/* current era */&#xA;A. D.       anno Dómini&#xA;d. C.       después de Cristo&#xA;d. de C.    después de Cristo&#xA;d. de J. C. después de Jesucristo&#xA;d. J. C.    después de Jesucristo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly equivalent to English BC and AD. So e.g. 227 BC would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;227 a. C.&lt;/em&gt;&quot; in Spanish, and 1873 AD would be &quot;&lt;em&gt;1873 d. C.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; so far so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not confortable with implicitly mentioning a religious figure when writing dates, and that's why in English I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Common Era notation&lt;/a&gt; instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I do that in Spanish as well? &lt;strong&gt;Would it be correct if I just replaced BCE/CE for a.C./d.C.?&lt;/strong&gt; Or is there some other abbreviation that I should use instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:43:43.650" LastActivityDate="2019-05-05T14:14:51.003" Title="Non-religious &quot;BCE&quot; / &quot;CE&quot; when writing dates: is it correct in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26227" CreationDate="2018-05-14T17:31:07.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo podría encontrar estas referencias con respecto a este tema, que dicen que sí había una razón de &lt;em&gt;«alguna aspereza de sonido»&lt;/em&gt;, pero no explican bien lo que fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Donde hallares &lt;em&gt;U&lt;/em&gt; por disyuntiva en lugar de &lt;em&gt;O&lt;/em&gt;, no pienses que es descuido ni error de impresión, ni cuidado presuntuoso de introducir novedades, sino &lt;strong&gt;por templar alguna aspereza de sonido, causada de&lt;/strong&gt; otras &lt;em&gt;oes&lt;/em&gt;, u de &lt;strong&gt;alguna &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, cuanto más que la lengua latina, grave y calificada madre de la nuestra, contiene cuatro partículas para significar división, y cada una dellas tiene &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así que parece cosa llegada a buena razón suplir con su riqueza este vacío, adquiriendo por honesto camino variedad de lenguaje, sin incurrir en impropiedad ni licencia. Y nadie la tome de juzgar esta advertencia por menuda, porque, aun no siendo más que una letra, sin ser como es dicción, no se debía añadir ni quitar con menos requisitos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/laseiscientasapo00rufo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La seiscientas apotegmas y otras obras en verso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Juan Rufo Gutiérrez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Granada, Calderón y otros de nuestros clásicos se pone u por o antes de la preposición d; &lt;strong&gt;el motivo o no subsiste hoy, o se desestima.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lE2lufx0YUkC&amp;amp;pg=PA391&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;u&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;o&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;d&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;disyuntiva&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana destinada al uso de los americanos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos&lt;/a&gt; de &quot;od&quot; &lt;code&gt;[o.d]&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &quot;ud&quot; &lt;code&gt;[u.ð]&lt;/code&gt; en la evolución de castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;iŭdaeum&lt;/em&gt; [ʝoˈdεo] &gt; Old Sp. &lt;em&gt;judio&lt;/em&gt; [ʒuˈðio] &gt; [ʃuˈðio] &gt; [xuˈðio] &lt;em&gt;judío&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que tenga algo que ver con esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Más información:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;En las notas a pie de página de muchas colecciones de poemas antiguos, hacen mención de esto, pero lamentablemente sin más explicaciones:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;u deificando:&lt;/em&gt; en Lope y en otros autores coetáneos es usual utilizar la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; como conjunción disyuntiva ante &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;; ver por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;El perseguido, Parte I,&lt;/em&gt; vol. I, acto I, p. 289, v. 390: «Decidme cómo u de quien»; &lt;em&gt;El primero Benavides, Parte II,&lt;/em&gt; vol. II, acto III, p. 976, v. 3302: «con diez u doce caballos». &lt;em&gt;Cfr.&lt;/em&gt; Rufo, «Al lector», en &lt;em&gt;La seiscientas apotegmas&lt;/em&gt; p. 13: «donde hallares &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;...»&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=j39lAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22en+Lope+y+en+otros+autores+coet%C3%A1neos+es+usual+utilizar+la+u+como+conjunci%C3%B3n+disyuntiva+ante+d%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La hermosura de Angélica: poema&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Lope de Vega, ‎Marcella Trambaioli (p308)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Todavía el Diccionario de autoridades señala que u «sirve... malsonancia». • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QKQqAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;u&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;o&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;d&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;disyuntiva&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El jardín de Falerina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p111)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;u:&lt;/strong&gt; «Sirve... malsonancia» (Aut.). • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JaEqAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22u%22+%22o%22+%22d%22+%22disyuntiva%22&amp;amp;dq=%22u%22+%22o%22+%22d%22+%22disyuntiva%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Eneas de la Virgen y primer rey de Navarra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, (p114)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;u:&lt;/strong&gt; o. [En el Diccionario de Autoridades se explica que u «sirve... malsonancia». En la práctica podía tomarse en cuenta la d final precedente, como se hacía con la o, y como sucede en el presente ejemplo. Pero a veces se usaba u sin intervención de la o ni de la d. • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=35ZdAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22u%22+%22o%22+%22d%22+%22disyuntiva%22&amp;amp;dq=%22u%22+%22o%22+%22d%22+%22disyuntiva%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Noches Lúgubres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, (p208)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JDlfAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;u&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;d&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;o&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;aspereza+de+sonido&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Propalladia, and other works of Bartolomé de Torres Naharro: Notes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T17:31:07.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26236" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-14T19:04:22.557" Score="4" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do I need to put a capital letter after the ¡ symbol? e.g. are these sentences wrong or right:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Vale, ¡hasta pronto!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tengo ganas de verte, ¡hace tanto calor aquí ahora mismo!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14141" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-14T19:25:32.937" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T05:32:40.300" Title="Capitalisation after the ¡ signo de exclamación de apertura" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26234" CreationDate="2018-05-14T21:00:39.270" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though the English non-religious abbreviations are occasionally used in Spanish, nativised forms have been developed, to varying degrees of use/familiarity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;( antes de la era común  )  2000 a. e. c. | 2018    e. c.  (               era común    )&#xA;( antes de la era común  )  2000 a. e. c. | 2018 d. e. c.  ( después de la era común    )&#xA;( antes de la era vulgar )  2000 a. e. v. | 2018    e. v.  (               era vulgaris )&#xA;( antes de nuestra era   )  2000 a. n. e. | 2018 d. n. e.  ( después de nuestra era     )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage:     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde hace unos 6000 años, por lo menos, y hasta hace unos 200 años (a partir de &lt;strong&gt;1800 EC&lt;/strong&gt;) toda la riqueza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/blogs/elmundo/elporquedelascosas/2014/04/13/por-que-la-energia-solar-es-la-solucion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Mundo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;em&gt;¿Por qué la energía solar es la solución al cambio climático y buena económicamente?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pruebas de circuncisión entre los egipcios pueden encontrarse ya en tumbas y otras esculturas de la época del Imperio Antiguo (&lt;strong&gt;2500 a. e. c.&lt;/strong&gt;) en adelante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=--wwMJfypMQC&amp;amp;pg=PA2&amp;amp;lpg=PA2&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;2500+a.+e.+c.&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La historia de los judíos: En busca de las palabras, &lt;strong&gt;1000 A.E.C.&lt;/strong&gt; - 1492&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los Escenios:&lt;/strong&gt; [sic] secta judía de la que no se tiene información histórica suficiente no obstante se conoce que, florecieron en los años &lt;strong&gt;150 a.n.e.&lt;/strong&gt; hasta el &lt;strong&gt;70 d.n.e.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5VaECgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA141&amp;amp;lpg=PA141&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;150+a.+n.+e.&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Jesús que nos negaron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estas fechas corresponden a finales del período Postclásico temprano (&lt;strong&gt;900–1250 d.n.e.&lt;/strong&gt;), cerca de la época en la que entraron en decadencia tanto Chichén Itzá, en Yucatán, como Tula en el centro de México. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mesoweb.com/es/articulos/Coe_etal/El_cuarto_codice.br.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El cuarto códice maya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_Domini&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_Domini&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antes_de_Cristo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antes_de_Cristo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_Com%C3%BAn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_Común&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-05T14:14:51.003" LastActivityDate="2019-05-05T14:14:51.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26228" CreationDate="2018-05-15T01:52:24.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had a lot of experience reading children's books in Spanish, checked out of the public library, to my children.  Most of the books in Spanish aimed at small children that can be found on library shelves in the U.S. are badly translated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you talk to the librarian who does the ordering, and give her catalogs of authentic children's literature in Spanish, from established foreign publishers -- she'll likely put them all in the recycling bin and tell you that she can &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; buy hardcover books, and that she's limited to ordering titles from her approved vendor list.  The vendors are selected by a distribution system that hasn't a clue about the quality of children's books written in languages other than English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I've read such books out loud to my children, I've had to rewrite them mentally in order to make them usable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched for your exact phrase online.  Here's one that claims to be the source  of this widely disseminated version of &lt;em&gt;Caperucita Roja&lt;/em&gt; -- although the translator is not credited: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thespanishexperiment.com/stories/redridinghood&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.thespanishexperiment.com/stories/redridinghood&lt;/a&gt;. (Note, this site set off a virus detection alarm for me, so perhaps you don't want to click on that link.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Skimming through the print story (below the audiovisual version), there's lots of stuff that would need reworking if I were reading it out loud to a child.  Then a super obvious blooper jumps off the page -- boing! -- in some wolf dialogue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estas caminando en el bosque tan sola? &lt;strong&gt;¿A dónde estás yendo?&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes me cringe.  It should be &lt;em&gt;¿Adónde vas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, we see that any strange-sounding choice of language that we might come across in this particular translation of &lt;em&gt;Caperucita Roja&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;can't be trusted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moral of the story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Spanish learners should stay away from unverified translations of children's literature.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-17T18:30:58.917" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26224" CreationDate="2018-05-15T02:05:19.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como expresión de un niño preescolar (si mal no recuerdo la edad de tu hijo), o incluso de un niño de edad escolar, me parece perfectamente bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, si imagino los papeles al revés (tu hijo encuentra algo y te lo ofrece como regalo, y te pregunta se te gusta), entonces puedo proponer una alternativa para tí -- decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Sí, me encanta.  En casa cuando pueda jugar con ella me encantará más aún.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón, no te propuse un &lt;em&gt;verbo&lt;/em&gt;, como pediste, sino un adverbio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T02:05:19.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26190" CreationDate="2018-05-15T02:05:58.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo correcta la respuesta anterior, me gustaría agregar lo que sería una tercera acepción de &lt;em&gt;ñero&lt;/em&gt;: indicar peligro inherente o situacional, o una forma de referirse a la ansiedad causada por encontrarse en una situación de peligro, independiente de la presencia de indigentes o ciudadanos menos afortunados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese paseo en montaña rusa está bien &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando pasaron los comandos de la policía federal, todos sentimos bien &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; aquí en el estómago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué transita por tus venas, aparte de colesterol?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chale&lt;/em&gt; pues nada carnal ya ves que todo está bien &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con la economía si no, hasta las aguas negras del imperialismo yanki ¡y diharina!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso es particular del Distrito Federal y zonas conurbadas del estado de México y el estado de Puebla. Escuchar que alguien use &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en este sentido es casi garantía de que dicha persona es habitante o recibió su educación básica en la mancha urbana de la Ciudad de México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que aunque folclórica y divertida palabra y sin duda, parte del legado cultural e identidad regional y nacional del país, está dentro de una clase de vocablos que sin ser efectivamente altisonante, no se considerarían como lenguaje apropiado para su uso en presencia de amable compañía, y el uso indiscriminado de los mismos puede crear una percepción de que el usuario no es particularmente sofisticado, o ha tenido una educación punto menos que estelar. En otras palabras usar &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ñero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es algo muy &lt;em&gt;naco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T09:13:01.967" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26236" CreationDate="2018-05-15T05:32:40.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short story: exclamation marks may put emphasis in a given part of the sentence or the whole sentence. Just try to imagine the sentence without exclamation marks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale, hasta pronto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a perfectly valid sentence, so the next step would be to make emphasis in a given region:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vale, ¡hasta pronto!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Vale, hasta pronto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The introduction of the exclamation marks does not affect the capitalization, unless you divide the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Vale! ¡Hasta pronto!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you have two separated sentences and hence you need to start the second one with a capital letter, the same as you do in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All right! See you soon!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T05:32:40.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15199" CreationDate="2018-05-15T07:24:14.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando tenemos distintas voces consideradas en general como  sinónimos e intercambiables, esto suele ser cierto &lt;em&gt;grosso modo&lt;/em&gt; ya que  normalmente existe una buena razón para la existencia de tal variedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El castellano tiene un vocabulario particularmente rico en sinónimos, preciada propiedad para los autores, poetas, y músicos ya que ofrece con mucha frecuencia una amplia gama de alternativas para lograr las expresiones deseadas, que a la vez de cumplir con la misión primaria de comunicar una idea, permite hacerlo no solo en caprichosas y rebuscadas figuras, sino también creando sutiles &lt;em&gt;matices&lt;/em&gt; de la idea general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso cada uno de estos sustantivos tiene una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;connotación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que lo distingue de los demás y lo hace más idóneo en algunos casos cuando se desea transmitir alguna idea con algunas premisas implícitas y la connotación del sustantivo es el vehículo para ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consideren las siguentes frases y sus premisas implícitas y la &lt;em&gt;connotación&lt;/em&gt; de cada sustantivo será clara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;hablar,&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;em&gt;conditio sine qua non&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;strong&gt;platicar&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  Sin embargo, el &lt;strong&gt;platicar&lt;/strong&gt; sobre un tema suele ser algo informal. En contraste &lt;strong&gt;charlar&lt;/strong&gt; requiere seriedad, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por ello que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Los estudiantes &lt;strong&gt;platican&lt;/strong&gt; entre ellos, después de haber &lt;strong&gt;charlado&lt;/strong&gt; seriamente con el director. Y ninguno de estos personajes ha dejado de &lt;strong&gt;hablar&lt;/strong&gt; desde que este enunciado inició. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T08:44:48.427" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T08:44:48.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18659" CreationDate="2018-05-15T07:50:02.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Añadir a la respuesta de Charlie, este fenómeno se llama &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supletismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;supletismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y ha pasado varias veces con parejas de palabras comunes con referentes hembra y macho. Se llaman estas parejas &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KH5wxsu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;heterónimos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;male&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;female&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el varón&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la mujer&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el marido&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la mujer&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el hombre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la mujer&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el papá&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la mamá&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el padre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la madre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el padrino&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la madrina&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el padrastro&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la madrastra&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el yerno&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la nuera&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el jinete&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la amazona&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el caballero&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la dama&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el fraile / fray&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la sor&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Animales:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;male&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;female&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el toro&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la vaca&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el buey&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la vaca&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el caballo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la yegua / jaca&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el carnero&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la oveja&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;el chivo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;la cabra&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivos:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;male&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;female&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;macho&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hembra&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;paterno&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;materno&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;paternal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;maternal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;fraterno&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sororal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hermanal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sororal&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;masculino&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;femenino&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo ha pasado con algunos &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/a/27262/20700&quot;&gt;verbos comunes&lt;/a&gt; también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;También &lt;em&gt;jinete, jineta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;También &lt;em&gt;cabro, cabrón, macho cabrío&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:59:57.753" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:59:57.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26244" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-15T08:14:56.917" Score="4" ViewCount="1719" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sabía que a los nacidos en Madrid se les denomina &lt;strong&gt;gatos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19494/por-qu%C3%A9-los-nacidos-en-madrid-son-gatos&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como se plantea  aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero he encontrado que la segunda acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4twFHe6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ballenato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del DLE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;m. y f. desus.&lt;/code&gt; Natural de Madrid. &lt;code&gt;Era u. t. c. adj.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción aparece en el DLE por primera vez en 1983, pero ya como &lt;em&gt;desus.&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que la de &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot; apareece en la edicición de 1899.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se sabe por qué este calificativo? ¿Hay alguna diferencia entre llamar &amp;quot;gato&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;ballenato&amp;quot; a un madrileño? Y ¿hay alguna otra denominación para los naturales de Madrid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T12:03:22.643" Title="¿Por qué los nacidos en Madrid son “ballenatos”?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26244" CreationDate="2018-05-15T08:40:09.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;1. El origen de &lt;em&gt;«ballenato»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El Diccionario Geográfico Popular de Madrid» dice esto sobre su origen, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etimolog%C3%ADa_popular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no parece muy fiable&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/madrid/tops/20140716/abci-gentilicios-raros-madrid-201407111304_1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según recoge «El Diccionario Geográfico Popular de Madrid», escrtito por Camilo José Cela Conde&lt;/a&gt;, hijo del autor de «La Colmena», en cierta ocasión corrió por la capital la voz de que por el Manzanares bajaba una ballena. Al conocer la noticia, muchos madrileños bajaron a la rivera armados con picas y chuzos con intención de mantar al animal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy los paseantes no verán ballena alguna, ya que el cetáceo que cuenta el relato anónimo no fue mas que una barrica de vino, que el bodeguero quiso salvar de la corriente a la voz de «va llena». Desde entonces al madrileño también se le denominó &lt;strong&gt;«ballenato»&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abc.es/madrid/20141213/abci-ballena-manzanares-madrid-201412112037.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ABC Madrid:&lt;/strong&gt; El bodeguero que hizo creer a todo Madrid que una ballena nadaba en el Manzanares&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;2. Otros gentilicios&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0VULIX%7CJ0X0PpO%7CJ0XH87J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gato&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4twFHe6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ballenato&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NqTfYnY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;madrileño&lt;/a&gt; hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OdVkfvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;matritense&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (que viene del nombre latín para Madrid, &lt;em&gt;Matritum&lt;/em&gt;) y, además, el malsonante &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=41270&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gilipollas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel Alvar Ezquerra, en su &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de madrileñismos&lt;/em&gt; incluye más términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2wtAt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2wtAt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Diccionario_de_madrile%C3%B1ismos.html?id=pU2RtwAACAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de madrileñismos:&lt;/strong&gt; Voces patrimoniales y populares de la Comunidad de Madrid&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros gentilicios más antiguos ya desusados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PQMcA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PQMcA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JALup7c12noC&amp;amp;pg=PA277&amp;amp;dq=%22ballenatos%22+Madrid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gentilicios españoles:&lt;/strong&gt; (incluye, apodos y motes, coplillas, dichos, datos...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Tomás de la Torre Aparicio, José de la Torre (p277, 278)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T12:03:22.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26244" CreationDate="2018-05-15T09:12:54.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues nos vamos a tener que remontar a muy antiguo. He encontrado una entrada en el diccionario español-italiano de Franciosini de 1620 que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;uallenate. [ che è nato in Madrid. di Madrid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las primeras ediciones del DLE no recogen esta acepción, pero sí lo hace el diccionario de Terreros y Pando de 1786, que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BALLENATO. A los hijos de Madrid les dan por chasco el mismo nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo que la forma de escribir la palabra varía según el diccionario, relajo un poco el criterio de búsqueda y encuentro lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siendo, pues, esto así, que uno solo no puede afrentar a reino, provincia, ciudad, república, ni pueblo entero, queda en limpio que no hay para qué salir a la venganza del reto de la tal afrenta, pues no lo es; porque ¡bueno sería que se matasen a cada paso los del pueblo de la Reloja con quien se lo llama, ni los cazoleros, berenjeneros, ballenatos, jaboneros, ni los de otros nombres y apellidos que andan por ahí en boca de los muchachos y de gente de poco más a menos!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;Segunda parte del ingenioso caballero don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1615 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de usar el término &lt;em&gt;ballenato&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a los de Madrid, al parecer &lt;em&gt;cazolero&lt;/em&gt; era como llamaban a los de Valladolid en tiempos de Felipe III (por su afición a comer cazuelas), según una ficha del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt;. Los berenjeneros eran los de Toledo (por su afición a las berenjenas) y jaboneros los de Getafe, Yepez y Ocaña, por el jabón que fabricaban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otra ficha encuentro más referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿No bailaréis un poquito&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al hoyo, como en Madrid?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, en buena fe. —Pues salid [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Bien lo ha hecho el ballenato!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1595-98 Lope Vega - Galán escarm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es la única obra de Lope de Vega en la que aparece el término. Al parecer este escritor lo usaba bastante. En una nota a pie de página aclara que el término &lt;em&gt;ballenato&lt;/em&gt; se usa para los hijos de Madrid o de la Ballena. ¿Hará referencia esto a algún barrio o calle de Madrid? Puede que no, porque en otra ficha leo que para el apodo &quot;tomaron pie de un cuentecillo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por fin en otra ficha encuentro la historia que ha mencionado ukemi en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26246/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;... pero para apodar a los de Covides de Mena (en el valle de Mena, en Burgos). Se cuenta que &quot;los vecinos de este pueblo, en la antigüedad, eran muy temidos y considerados por muy torpes y poco inteligentes. Ejemplo de ello es, dice, la anécdota del pellejo que es tomado por ballena&quot;. ¿Una misma historia que corrió de pueblo en pueblo? En otra ficha se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ballen·ato. [apodo de los madrileños ó &lt;em&gt;hijos de la ballena&lt;/em&gt;, desde que salieron con brío armados de todas armas á detener junto al puente á una ballena que bajaba en una avenida por el Manzanares, y que luego resultó ser una albarda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta nota se encuentra en el libro &lt;em&gt;La lengua de Cervantes: gramática y diccionario de la lengua castellana en El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&lt;/em&gt;, de Julio Cejador y Frauca, escrito entre 1905 y 1906.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre otros posibles apodos, no encuentro más que los mencionados &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ballenato&lt;/em&gt;. Y la diferencia entre ambos apodos a día de hoy yo diría que es práctica: el apodo &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; se puede entender dado que es más actual, mientras que &lt;em&gt;ballenato&lt;/em&gt; está completamente en desuso y no te va a entender nadie (salvo los que conozcan la historia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T10:40:48.110" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T10:40:48.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26257" CreationDate="2018-05-15T12:35:16.990" Score="7" ViewCount="357" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el uso cotidiano nos encontramos a menudo con sustantivos que refieren a objetos cuyo nombre no recordamos o que no importa porque se entiende inmediatamente por contexto. Son un subconjunto de lo que en inglés se llaman &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placeholder_name&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;placeholder names&lt;/a&gt;&quot; o &quot;placeholder words&quot;. El más común en castellano debe ser &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt; y sus diminutivos, pero seguramente hay muchísimos más. ¿Cómo se llaman formalmente estas palabras (y no, no son &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2902/existe-un-equivalente-en-espa%C3%B1ol-para-foo-bar-baz&quot;&gt;variables metasintácticas&lt;/a&gt;)? ¿Cuáles serían algunos ejemplos significativos? (La idea no es compilar una lista. P. S. Me entero por comentario que &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15026/cu%C3%A1l-es-la-palabra-para-algo-que-no-se-sabe-c%C3%B3mo-decir&quot;&gt;ya hay una&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como anécdota diré que esta pregunta se me ocurrió anoche mientras leía un estudio sobre el Quijote donde se comentaba que con tal o cual novela Cervantes había &quot;retornado al coso literario&quot;, lo cual me provocó risa porque &lt;em&gt;coso&lt;/em&gt; es una variable de esta clase en rioplatense (como &lt;em&gt;thingie&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, &lt;em&gt;negócio&lt;/em&gt; en portugués) que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B5ksQqZ%7CB5mtsUv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no aparece en el DLE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LFseP.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LFseP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fw48x.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fw48x.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T14:46:12.143" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T12:37:11.320" Title="«Placeholder words» en castellano" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-15T13:30:52.750" Score="5" ViewCount="477" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alguien que conozco comparte esta imagen donde se utiliza la palabra &lt;em&gt;octeto&lt;/em&gt; como traducción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6MofNvJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;byte&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Quien la comparte trabaja en informática pero no tenía idea de que los bytes (conjunto de ocho &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5cPrUzM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bits&lt;/a&gt;) se llamasen también así. Yo he visto en alguna parte esta traducción pero daba por hecho que ya estaba obsoleta, y en cualquier caso, no creo haber escuchado a nadie jamás usarla. ¿Se usa &lt;em&gt;octeto&lt;/em&gt; con este significado en alguna parte, en la práctica? ¿Se usó alguna vez fuera de las traducciones oficiales de Windows en algunos países, manuales de software, libros de texto, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tga7g.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tga7g.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;octetos&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T14:02:04.077" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T13:11:43.920" Title="¿Alguien dice «octetos» en lugar de «bytes»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26249" CreationDate="2018-05-15T15:25:14.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A veces se usa el concepto octeto en telecomunicaciones, para hacer referencia a datos cuyo contenido en bits es relevante y para enfatizar que son sólo ocho bits, sin bits para checksum o para otro tipo de control. Por eso es que muchas normas de protocolos hacen uso exhaustivo de la palabra octeto para hacer referencia al tamaño de un campo en un paquete de comunicación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Nunca he visto que se use para representar almacenamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T15:25:14.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26255" CreationDate="2018-05-15T20:11:12.427" Score="1" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Cien años de soledad:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando nació el hijo de Aureliano y Pilar Ternera y fue llevado a la&#xA;  casa y bautizado en ceremonia íntima con el nombre de Aureliano José,&#xA;  Remedios decidió que &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; considerado como su hijo mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo como puede usar el subjuntivo con &quot;decidir&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi intento: Quizá quiere decir que decidió que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; fuera&lt;/strong&gt; considerado asi, es decir que ella lo siente e inluirá o mandará a los otros lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el registro: la buena respuesta de ukemi llegó al mismo segundo que mi conjetura se editó así ninguno repetía el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T01:52:09.710" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T01:52:09.710" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo aquí? &quot;Remedios decidió que fuera considerado...&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24508" CreationDate="2018-05-15T20:45:12.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso, no creo que la palabra sea una onomatopeya de la risa.  Ni creo que sea una forma del verbo haber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No creo que el concepto de la risa encaje bien con el sentido total de la cita, y aun si fuera una posibilidad, no se escribiría con una 'h', ya que la letra 'h' es silenciosa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Otra conjugación de la palabra haber aparece en la primera pregunta en la cita sin una h inicial &quot;qué se &lt;strong&gt;à&lt;/strong&gt; hecho&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario Etimológico De Español En Línea (&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/&lt;/a&gt;) se explica que la palabra &quot;he&quot; es un adverbio que se usa para señalar (como, por ejemplo, en la expresión &quot;he aquí&quot;)--y sabemos que no proviene del Latín (&quot;habere&quot;), porque en El Cantar del Mio Cid, aparece con una 'f' inicial (&quot;fe aquí&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, en esta cita, el significado más apto sería &quot;¡Ahí está!&quot; o &quot;¡Lo pillaron!&quot; (...cogieronle en la red...)    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2474" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T20:45:12.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26253" CreationDate="2018-05-15T20:45:41.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acordar/decidir + indicativo:&lt;/strong&gt; Pensar de común acuerdo (think)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Patricia d̲e̲c̲i̲d̲i̲ó̲ que estudiar &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; lo mejor que podía hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acordar/decidir + subjuntivo:&lt;/strong&gt; resolver de común acuerdo (decide)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hemos d̲e̲c̲i̲d̲i̲d̲o̲ que te &lt;strong&gt;vayas&lt;/strong&gt; unos días de vacaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=36507&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=36507&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/pensar-decidir-subjuntivo.1592271/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/pensar-decidir-subjuntivo.1592271/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timandangela.org.uk/spanish/58-el-subjuntivo-verbos-de-doble-significado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.timandangela.org.uk/spanish/58-el-subjuntivo-verbos-de-doble-significado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.transparent.com/spanish/spanish-lesson-advanced-4-verbos-con-doble-significado-segun-se-usen-con-indicativo-o-con-subjuntivo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blogs.transparent.com/spanish/spanish-lesson-advanced-4-verbos-con-doble-significado-segun-se-usen-con-indicativo-o-con-subjuntivo/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-15T20:52:32.367" LastActivityDate="2018-05-15T20:52:32.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26253" CreationDate="2018-05-16T01:49:36.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Respuesta suplementaria, para que lo entiendas más intuitivamente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos a pasar la frase al presente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remedios decide que sea considerado como su hijo mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observa esta parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que sea considerado como su hijo mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora se puede reconocer más fácilmente como una estructura común de subjuntivo, como por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;¡Qué viva México!&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;¡Que se vaya al diablo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T01:49:36.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26248" CreationDate="2018-05-16T06:13:32.257" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he conseguido encontrar en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE un nombre concreto para este tipo de palabras; eso sí, he averiguado que la palabra &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt; aparece en prácticamente todas las páginas de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí he visto, siguiendo la propuesta de @blonfu, es que en un par de ocasiones menciona que existen palabras &quot;que se usan a modo de comodines&quot;. No cita expresamente el caso de &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;, pero al menos sí que usa una expresión que nos resulta familiar. A fin de cuentas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xkqf5p&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;comodín, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De cómodo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona o cosa que sirve para fines diversos, según la conveniencia de quien dispone de ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando otras fuentes, veo que Wikilengua sí &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Palabra_comod%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;contiene una definición&lt;/a&gt; para este tipo de palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llama palabra comodín a la que se emplea con multitud de sentidos reemplazando a otras que son más precisas y adecuadas en un determinado contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco cita el caso concreto de &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;, de hecho se centra más en algunos verbos. Sí que se cita la palabra &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt; como la palabra comodín más usada en &lt;a href=&quot;http://ortografia.com.es/una-palabra-comodin/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra página web&lt;/a&gt;, que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una palabra comodín es aquella que posee un significado muy general y por tanto, susceptible de ser utilizada en gran variedad de contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y curiosamente da otra opción para llamar a estas palabras (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También se suele utilizar el término &quot;&lt;strong&gt;palabra bául&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cita como ejemplo el verbo &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt;, que se usa en multitud de casos con distinto significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya me han &lt;em&gt;puesto&lt;/em&gt; la fibra óptica -&gt; instalar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Pon&lt;/em&gt; estos libros por orden alfabético -&gt; colocar.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; referencias al concepto de &quot;palabras baúl&quot;, pero sí que se encuentran multitud de referencias a este término en la red. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nadiaorenes.es/blog/2015/07/cosas-y-otras-palabras-baul/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Cosas&quot; y otras palabras baúl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.victoriamonera.com/palabras-baul-1/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;PALABRAS BAÚL, 1. Verbos hacer, dejar y poner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://prezi.com/42n8mx2uqte7/las-palabras-baul/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;LAS PALABRAS BAÚL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lperezcerra.blogspot.com.es/2012/11/palabras-comodin-baul-o-multiuso.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;PALABRAS COMODÍN, BAÚL O MULTIUSO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo con la definición de &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt;, que me ha parecido curiosa (sobre todo la primera acepción):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3yTydM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cosa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. causa 'causa, motivo'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Lo que tiene entidad, ya sea corporal o espiritual, natural o artificial, concreta, abstracta o virtual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Objeto inanimado, por oposición a ser viviente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Asunto, tema o negocio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T06:13:32.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26263" CreationDate="2018-05-16T07:00:58.643" Score="0" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do I have to use the subjunctive in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I run as much as I can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corro todo lo que puedo.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corro todo lo que pueda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T07:10:24.680" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T10:29:46.530" Title="Corro todo lo que puedo/pueda?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26261" CreationDate="2018-05-16T07:08:26.840" Score="13" ViewCount="3292" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking the &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; for some Japanese common words, I see that the word &lt;em&gt;sake&lt;/em&gt; figured in the Rodríguez Navas dictionary from 1918:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saké&lt;/strong&gt;, m. Aguardiente de arroz que se fabrica en Japón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word with more than a century of presence in dictionaries could be &lt;em&gt;kimono&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;quimono&lt;/em&gt;, as both forms appear in the Alemany y Bolufer dictionary from 1917:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QUIMONO&lt;/strong&gt;. (Voz japonesa). m. Túnica larga, usada en el Japón por los dos sexos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wonder, what was the first case of a Japanese-imported word that was included in a Spanish dictionary? (Please exclude from the search names of people and places.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T11:03:47.530" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:47:06.973" Title="What was the first Spanish word imported from the Japanese language?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;&lt;japonés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26248" CreationDate="2018-05-16T07:55:32.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo puse en los comentarios y también lo ha mencionado @Charlie en su respuesta, un término que puede utilizarse para definir las palabras genéricas que se utilizan como reemplazo de otras es &lt;strong&gt;palabras comodín&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de la ya mencionada, en otra respuesta, entrada de wikilengua hay una serie de artículos en Fundéu con el título &lt;em&gt;LA PALABRA: COMODINES&lt;/em&gt; en los que pone ejemplos de este tipo de palabras usadas en Venezuela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-comodines-1-6815/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LA PALABRA: COMODINES&#xA;(1)&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-comodines-2-6824/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LA PALABRA: COMODINES&#xA;(2)&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/la-palabra-comodines-3-6830/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LA PALABRA: COMODINES&#xA;(3)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo esos tres como ejemplo aunque hay alguno más, creo que seis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro el término en fuentes &quot;oficiales&quot; pero si en muchos artículos o webs sobre lengua, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://lenguacastellanayliteratura-tercerciclo-educacionprimaria.mex.tl/1082697_Onomatopeyas---Palabras-Comodin.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; por ejemplo dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se llaman &lt;strong&gt;palabras comodín&lt;/strong&gt;,  denominadas también palabras &lt;strong&gt;cliché&lt;/strong&gt; o palabras &lt;strong&gt;baúl&lt;/strong&gt;, a las que se emplea con multitud de sentidos reemplazando a otras que son más precisas y adecuadas en un determinado contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T12:37:11.320" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T12:37:11.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26259" CreationDate="2018-05-16T08:45:35.017" Score="18" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Earliest dictionary entries&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excluding proper nouns, the first recorded word in a dictionary with Japanese origins is &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;biombo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Biombo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, clauſtrum, cancelli, C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=m9vI21IWq4gC&amp;amp;q=biombo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Thesaurus utriusque linguae hispanae et latinae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Henríquez (1679)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This even predates the first dictionary recording of the word &lt;em&gt;Japón&lt;/em&gt; itself (1705, Sobrino), though the name had been used for centuries e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La contradicción entre la que nosotros afirmamos que primeramente fueron impresas y publicadas las cartas del &lt;strong&gt;Japón&lt;/strong&gt; de los padres jesuítas en castellano, y la declaración de Iñiguez de Lequerica, que dice que se imprimitron en portugués, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=17IvAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22Jap%C3%B3n%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Informacion de la China, 23 de Nov. 1555&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Melchior Nuñez Barreto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later than this we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;first appearance&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;catana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1706, Stevens &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;A New Spanish and English Dictionary&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bonze&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1721, Bluteau&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;catán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1729, Academia Autoridades&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bonzo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1786, Terrero y Pando&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;moxa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1787, Terrero y Pando&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/quim%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quimón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1803, Academia Usual&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1853, Domínguez&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sinto, gingko, ginco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1855, Gaspar y Roig&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and with the onset of the Meiji restoration and continuing into the 20th century we see many more words start entering the lexicon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;first appearance&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;maque, Zumaque de Japón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1884, Academia Usual&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;yen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1895, Zerolo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;daimío, daimiato, daimonojine, daikoku&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1895&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;micado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1899&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;fúton&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;samuray&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;harakiri&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jiu-jiutsu/jujutsu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1918&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;soja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1925&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;sogun/xogun&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1931&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;judo/yudo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1970&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;karate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1984&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;tatami&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1985&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;bonsái, camicace&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1992&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the majority of these had only short-lived popular use (or indeed never reached widespread adoption) and were dropped from later editions of the dictionaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Earliest documented use&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broadening our search to first documented uses in any Spanish literature, we have this list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7JP1b.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7JP1b.png&quot; alt=&quot;Cronología de los japonesismos&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see from the chronological breakdown, Japanese words entered the Spanish lexicon in 2 broad eras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras el análisis de la cronología recién expuesta, observamos dos periodos de&#xA;introducción de japonesismos. El primero se sitúa a finales del siglo XVI y comienzos del siglo XVII, esto es, entre 1580 y 1619. Época que coincide con parte de lo que Antonio Cabezas (1994) denominó el siglo ibérico de Japón, un tiempo que se caracteriza por la presencia hispano-portuguesa en el antiguo Nipón y que comprende desde 1543 hasta 1643 (Gil 1991).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posteriormente, tras la expulsión de los últimos misioneros y comerciantes y el&#xA;cese de contacto con las naciones hispanas en 1643, Japón vivió casi dos siglos en un aislamiento nacional, sin contacto con España y otras naciones hispanas, hasta la reapertura en la era Meyi, que se extiende desde 1868 hasta 1912 (Gutiérrez-García y Pérez-Gutiérrez en Cid Lucas, 2011: 16, 284). Tras comparar ese periodo de aislamiento con nuestra cronología de japonesismos, se observa que para tal época de inclusión solo se recogen cinco japonesismos (moxa, soja, yinco, sintoísmo y Nipón), los cuales creemos que pasaron al español por intermediación de otras lenguas europeas (holandés, alemán, latín científico, inglés y francés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda etapa, que continúa hasta la actualidad, comienza con la apertura&#xA;Meyi, es decir, en 1868; desde entonces el flujo de japonesismos ha sido constante, pero hemos de destacar que a partir de la década de 1960 la entrada de vocablos procedentes de Japón se disparó, siendo la última década del siglo XX la más prolífica, como podemos apreciar en la siguiente línea evolutiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rio.upo.es/xmlui/handle/10433/3716&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los japonesismos de la lengua española: historia y transcripción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Rafael Fernández Mata&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etymologies:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;← Japanese&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;(← Middle Chinese)&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5915/26860&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;yen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;円 (えん &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;圓 (&lt;em&gt;ziuᴇn, ɦˠiuᴇn&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;sinto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;神道 (しんとう &lt;em&gt;Shintō&lt;/em&gt;) ← (しんたう &lt;em&gt;Shintau&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;神道 (&lt;em&gt;ʑiɪn dɑuX&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;moxa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;艾 (もぐさ &lt;em&gt;mogusa&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;bonzo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;凡僧 (ぼんぞう &lt;em&gt;bonzō&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;凡 + 僧 (&lt;em&gt;bjom&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;song&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;maque&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;蒔絵 (まきえ &lt;em&gt;makie&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;biombo&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;code&gt;Pt&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;biombo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;屏風 (びょうぶ &lt;em&gt;byōbu&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;catán/catana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;刀 (かたな &lt;em&gt;katana&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;gingo/gingko&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; ← &lt;code&gt;Lat&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;ginkgo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;銀杏 (ぎんなん &lt;em&gt;ginnan&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;銀杏／银杏 (&lt;em&gt;yínxìng&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;quimón/quimono&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;着物 (きもの &lt;em&gt;kimono&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. At the time the word was loaned to Spanish (and English), え was pronounced /je/, in contrast to modern Japanese pronunciation /e/.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. Change in pronunciation is a result of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ginkgo#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;misreading&lt;/a&gt; of the Kanji by Engelbert Kaempfer (the first Westerner to see the species) as &lt;em&gt;ginkyō&lt;/em&gt; | written &lt;em&gt;Ginkgo&lt;/em&gt; in his 1712 &lt;em&gt;Amoenitatum exoticarum politico-physico-medicarum Fasciculi V [...]&lt;/em&gt;), propagated by Carl Linnaeus.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T17:47:06.973" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:47:06.973" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26258" CreationDate="2018-05-16T10:29:46.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26258/corro-todo-lo-que-puedo-pueda#comment43476_26258&quot;&gt;your comment&lt;/a&gt; I understand what your doubt is. The trick is that if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Corro todo lo que puedo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you are either stating that you are running right now (&quot;I'm running as fast as I can&quot;), or talking about something you usually do (and know about, as in &quot;I usually run as fast as I can&quot;). So as you know about your own limits, the sentence uses the indicative mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to talk in subjunctive when there is some uncertainty. If you change the example to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Correré todo lo que pueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now you are talking about something yet to happen and don't know about (you still don't know your limits), so you use the subjuntive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T10:29:46.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26275" CreationDate="2018-05-16T11:16:54.073" Score="3" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi tarea inmediata es traducir la frase «she returned to the now-empty village».  Como palabras distintas «now» y «empty» no son problemas, pero creo que la significada cambia cuando se combinan.  ¿Hay algún principio para traducir los adjetivos compuestos en inglés al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19194" LastEditorUserId="19194" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T11:24:45.490" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T15:27:04.897" Title="¿Cómo traduzco los adjetivos compuestos?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26305" CreationDate="2018-05-16T12:13:46.753" Score="4" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Game over! Winner: Carlos Arturo Serrano with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26305/13628&quot;&gt;61-char answer&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to a new edition of the game! If this is your first time, there's some info for beginners at the end of this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This time I picked a dialogue from the movie The Pursuit of Happyness.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have to say that I absolutely &lt;em&gt;love&lt;/em&gt; this movie. I think Will Smith is outstanding in it, and it's got some really powerful moments (subway scene...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways... Here the main character, Chris Gardner, gives his son some &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K12jtNR0K9Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;valuable advice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Don't ever let somebody tell you you can't do something. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Not even me. Alright?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Alright.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;You got a dream, you gotta protect it. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;People can't do something themselves, they wanna tell you you can't do it. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;You want something, go get it. Period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(183 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts (which I conveniently numbered) more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own, non-golfed translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; —&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Nunca permitas que nadie te diga que no puedes hacer una cosa. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Ni siquiera yo mismo. ¿De acuerdo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA; — De acuerdo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; —&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Si tienes un sueño, tienes que protegerlo. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Las personas que no pueden hacer una cosa, te van a querer decir que tú no puedes hacerla tampoco. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Si quieres algo, ve a por ello. Punto.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(225 characters)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wanna win this game? Go get it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;Translation-golf rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Letter counter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsfiddle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check past &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; questions to get a feel of the game dynamics and the kind of answers expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to share translation ideas, ask for clarifications or just tease other contesters? Join us in &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/46061/la-&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish.SE's official chat room!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T13:23:36.497" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T13:23:36.497" Title="Translation Golf XLI - The Pursuit of Happyness" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-16T12:25:55.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-16T12:26:46.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;133 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Que nadie te diga qué no puedes hacer. Ni yo. ¿Vale?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— Vale.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— Protege tus sueños. Los que no son capaces de hacer algo&#xA;te dirán que tú tampoco puedes. ¿Quieres algo? Búscalo. Y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T12:33:16.097" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-16T12:26:46.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-16T12:41:29.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;73 caracteres&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Que nadie ni yo te impida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Cuida tu sueño. La gente no quiere ser superada. Gana tu deseo ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T13:19:49.883" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-16T12:41:29.967" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-16T13:29:37.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;109 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Que no te digan incapaz de algo. Ni yo. ¿Sí?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Si es tu sueño, protégelo. Los incapaces te llamarán a ti lo mismo. Si lo quieres, va a por ello. Y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T13:29:37.320" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-16T13:29:37.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26270" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26271" CreationDate="2018-05-16T14:08:59.820" Score="2" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is it that the verb 'caducar' can be used with 'le' as well bearing the same meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least as far as I know &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le ha caducado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ha caducado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both mean: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it has expired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I suppose is that the meaning of the first one can be translated something like: it has expired for it. While the second one simply goes like: it has expired. Correct me if any of this is wrong please:) Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T14:23:52.540" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T14:35:35.380" Title="What is the difference between &quot;le ha caducado&quot; and &quot;ha caducado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26270" CreationDate="2018-05-16T14:35:35.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;By adding &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; the meaning changes a little bit form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;it has expired&amp;quot; {ha caducado} to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;It has expired &lt;strong&gt;on you&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; {le ha caducado (a usted)}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that for an English speaker it make no much sense but in Spanish is very common that the object of the action is the person and not the thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are ok but with &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; it is more &lt;em&gt;personal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we tend to make things more personal, i.e it is more common to say &amp;quot;se le dañó el carro&amp;quot; than to say &amp;quot;el carro de el se daño&amp;quot;, both meaning &amp;quot;his car broke down&amp;quot;. Again, both are ok but the number of times we use the first is greater than the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T14:35:35.380" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26290" CreationDate="2018-05-16T14:36:26.277" Score="9" ViewCount="2151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que abogado se escribe con &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=07TG2dg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abogado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Del lat. advocātus.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Licenciado en derecho que ofrece profesionalmente asesoramiento jurídico y que ejerce la defensa de las partes en los procesos judiciales o en los procedimientos administrativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Intercesor o mediador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Nic. Persona habladora, enredadora, parlanchina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tendría mayor relevancia si no viéramos que viene del latín &lt;em&gt;advocātus&lt;/em&gt; y que casi todos &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/calqueraun/status/996053539628691461&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;los otros idiomas provinientes de esa raíz mantienen tal letra&lt;/a&gt;. Aunque bueno, ya vimos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24234/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; escribimos &amp;quot;m&amp;#243;vil&amp;quot; con &amp;quot;v&amp;quot;, si viene del lat&amp;#237;n &amp;quot;mobĭlis&amp;quot; y el resto de idiomas mantuvieron la &amp;quot;b&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; que tampoco esto es mayor problema :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el NTLLE, veo entradas de &lt;em&gt;avogado&lt;/em&gt; en los años 1617 (Minsheu), 1705 (Sobrino), 1706 (Stevens), 1786 (Terreros y Pando) y 1933 (Academia Histórico).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;, ya se le ve en 1495 (Nebrija).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE tiene algunas otras palabras de la misma raíz, todas marcadas en desuso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0su2Uib&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;advocación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;4. f. desus. abogacía (‖ profesión y ejercicio del abogado).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0svLaPF&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;advocar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;1. intr. desus. abogar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, en el DLE hay multitud de entradas que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;adv&lt;/em&gt; (no veo cómo puedo enlazar la página que genera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tendrá que ver esta &lt;em&gt;simplificación&lt;/em&gt; con lo que comentaba pablodf76 en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23703/1674&quot;&gt;Why “os” and not “vos”?&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cluster &lt;em&gt;-dv-&lt;/em&gt; (phonetically [db]) was (and is) very unusual in Spanish, so the speakers first simplified it by dropping the &lt;em&gt;-v-&lt;/em&gt; and then began generalizing this form to all positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:48:18.517" Title="¿Por qué &quot;abogado&quot; se escribe con &quot;b&quot; si viene del latín &quot;advocātus&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26274" CreationDate="2018-05-16T14:44:00.393" Score="8" ViewCount="11009" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído en Argentina llamar a un político &quot;gato&quot; como insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significados peyorativos tiene la palabra &quot;gato&quot; en Argentina?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Hay alguno que pueda ser usado como insulto especialmente hacia un político?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T19:42:12.823" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T16:56:27.043" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;gato&quot; como insulto en Argentina?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26273" CreationDate="2018-05-16T15:13:55.533" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lanacion.com.ar/2004576-de-donde-viene-y-que-significa-el-insulto-gato&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, el uso de la palabra 'gato' como insulto en Argentina tiene varias historias. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer uso tiene su raíz en el lunfardo. El verbo 'gatillar' significa &quot;pagar lo necesario para invitar a las &lt;em&gt;vedettes&lt;/em&gt; porteñas&quot;. Un gato, entonces, es alguien que gatilla. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El segundo significado, que vino luego, es &quot;mujer que acepta las invitaciones de los (hombres) gatos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como final, también significa alguien que sirve a otros, un uso que se supone nació en la cárcel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aplicado a un político, podría valer cualquiera de los tres significados o incluso una mezcla de los tres: el primero en el sentido de que gasta el dinero en vicios; el segundo en el sentido de que se &quot;prostituye&quot;, es decir que se vende a otros agentes políticos; y el tercero en el sentido de que sirve a otras personas o intereses de los que debería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11754" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-16T16:23:15.730" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T16:23:15.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26265" CreationDate="2018-05-16T15:27:04.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una posibilidad para traducir los compuestos del tipo &lt;em&gt;now-/then-&lt;/em&gt; + adjetivo es hacerlo de la manera más literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She returned to the now-empty village. =&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Ella volvió a la aldea ahora vacía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O también con una coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella volvió a la aldea, ahora vacía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que equivale a una elipsis de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella volvió a la aldea, &lt;strong&gt;que estaba&lt;/strong&gt; ahora vacía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este tipo de oración puede aparecer una ambigüedad, como aquí: lo que está &lt;em&gt;ahora vacía&lt;/em&gt; ¿es &quot;ella&quot; o &quot;la aldea&quot;? Pero generalmente el contexto deja bien claro a qué se refiere la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T15:27:04.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26276" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26280" CreationDate="2018-05-16T15:57:39.790" Score="3" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una frase como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es una nieve que no se ve caer, más bien es una nieve que solo se ve desaparecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que esta construcción es correcta —mi intuición me dice que lo es—.  Pero ¿cuál es el papel, hablando gramaticalmente, del infinitivo aquí, es decir, &lt;em&gt;caer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desaparecer&lt;/em&gt;?  Es decir, ¿por qué se usa el infinitivo aquí?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la frase es incorrecta, ¿cómo se escribe correctamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T07:02:50.810" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T07:02:50.810" Title="¿Cuál es el papel del infinitivo en una frase con pasiva refleja?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;oraciones-pasivas-reflejas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-16T17:26:09.170" Score="4" ViewCount="301" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just discovered the expression &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar de/por la corriente&lt;/em&gt;, but have found two different definitions online:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A. To follow the crowd  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B. To go with the flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que A &amp;amp; B no necesaramente son mutuamente exclusivos pero, para mí, sus conotaciones sobre la persona a la que se refieren son muy distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, la tendencia de uno a &quot;follow the crowd&quot;, es decir, a &quot;hacer lo que hagan los demás&quot;, suele considerarse una cualidad negativa, con la implicación de que la persona no es capaz de pensar por su cuenta y no tiene ideas propias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, &quot;to go with the flow&quot; a menudo se considera un buen consejo y al decir que una persona suele &quot;go with the flow&quot;, le estamos dando un cumplido, porque la capacidad de &quot;go with the flow&quot; conlleva una personalidad abierta y flexible en la que la persona sabe cambiar de chip cuando quiera que sea necesario para aprovechar y disfrutar una gran variedad de circunstancias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the meaning of the phrase change when used depending on the context? Or does it tend to mean B more so than A? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18865" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T07:12:43.307" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T08:41:23.467" Title="Does &quot;Dejarse llevar de/por la corriente&quot; mean &quot;to follow the crowd&quot; or &quot;to go with the flow&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31320" CreationDate="2018-05-16T20:11:01.270" Score="1" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay acciones que cometen las personas que pueden ser muy malas (por ejemplo, vender drogas) y que en la mayoría de los países son ilegales pero en algunos no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estuvieras en un país en donde esa acción es ilegal podrías llamarlo &quot;delito&quot;, pero si hablas en uno en que es legal, no puedes llamarlo así a pesar de que la acción puede seguir siendo muy mala en sí y el hablante quiere hacer énfasis en lo malo de la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿qué palabra puede usarse para una acción que en muchos países es considerada delito, pero en aquel en el que se dice no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T07:16:29.587" LastActivityDate="2019-08-27T22:39:47.057" Title="¿Qué palabra puede usarse para una acción que en muchos países es considerada delito pero en aquel en el que se dice no?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26277" CreationDate="2018-05-16T22:22:52.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar por la corriente&lt;/em&gt; is more like B (&quot;to go with the flow&quot;), and generally carries a positive meaning, or at least not an immediately pejorative meaning. Of course context matters, but I don't remember &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar por la corriente&lt;/em&gt; used in the negative sense of &quot;following the crowd&quot;, mostly because there are other ways to express that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that negative meaning you could say e.g. &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar de/por la nariz&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to be led by the nose&quot;). Or as in English, &lt;em&gt;seguir a la multitud&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;seguir a la masa&lt;/em&gt;. Or mixing both structures, &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar por la multitud&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to let yourself get carried away by the crowd&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar por la corriente&lt;/em&gt; with a negative meaning, but the examples that I've found online tend to explain &quot;why that's wrong even though it's the most normal thing to do&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Seguir a la multitud&lt;/em&gt; and the other examples of that kind, on the other hand, don't seem to need that explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I notice your title says &lt;em&gt;dejarse llevar de/por&lt;/em&gt;. Using &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; for the agent of a passive voice expression like this was fairly common centuries ago, but nowadays it's obsolete (you only use &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T22:22:52.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26276" CreationDate="2018-05-16T23:03:48.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que se trate de una pasiva refleja no influye en la explicación. Transcribo aquí lo que dice la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española (NGLE). Hablando precisamente del problema de definir el rol sintáctico del infinitivo en esta clase de construcciones, dice (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pnOcgRAkmEkgdzhP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;26.9e&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... la solución propuesta... [c]onsiste en entender que las oraciones&#xA;  de infinitivo mencionadas contienen SUJETOS EN ACUSATIVO. Esta&#xA;  solución (...) permite suponer que el complemento del verbo de&#xA;  percepción o causativo es una entidad oracional o cuasioracional, como&#xA;  la encerrada entre corchetes en &lt;em&gt;Vio [&lt;strong&gt;a Rocío&lt;/strong&gt; salir de casa]&lt;/em&gt;, con&#xA;  la particularidad de que el segmento &lt;strong&gt;resaltado&lt;/strong&gt; es el sujeto de la&#xA;  oración marcada (que carece de verbo en forma finita) y a la vez el&#xA;  complemento directo del verbo principal. Los corchetes encierran el&#xA;  argumento que corresponde al paciente del verbo &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, el&#xA;  segmento que denota la noción vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siguiente parágrafo (26.9f) se explica con más detalle el tema. Pero básicamente la idea es que si &quot;se ve algo₁ hacer algo₂&quot;, ese &quot;algo₁&quot; funciona a la vez como un complemento directo del verbo principal &quot;ver&quot; y como sujeto de &quot;hacer algo₂&quot;, y que estas dos funciones no se contradicen entre sí porque pertenecen a distintos dominios sintácticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más adelante (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=peScfwwLdhvaRrI,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;26.9l&lt;/a&gt;) añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son muchos los verbos de PERCEPCIÓN que admiten grupos verbales de&#xA;  infinitivo en función predicativa. Entre los verbos de percepción&#xA;  visual, &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; es el más usado (...). Aunque con menor frecuencia,&#xA;  también se emplea en ella &lt;em&gt;mirar&lt;/em&gt; (...) así como &lt;em&gt;observar&lt;/em&gt; (...) y&#xA;  también, en el ámbito de la percepción auditiva, &lt;em&gt;notar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sentir&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase, por lo tanto, no es incorrecta. Es posible reformularla cambiando los complementos del verbo &quot;ver&quot; de manera que en vez de aparecer un verbo en infinitivo con un sujeto que tiene que ser apropiado del verbo principal, se use una subordinada con un verbo finito, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es una nieve que no se ve mientras cae, más bien es una nieve que solo se ve mientras desaparece.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado no es el mismo y la frase es menos expresiva, pero es más fácil de analizar. Los verbos finitos (&lt;em&gt;cae&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desaparece&lt;/em&gt;) tienen como sujeto tácito la nieve, sin posibilidad de confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T23:03:48.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26292" CreationDate="2018-05-17T00:38:02.787" Score="1" ViewCount="1553" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just have a question about a detail on indicative vs. subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that one grammar rule is that the subjunctive tense is used in a sentence where the subject of the independent clause is different from the subject of the dependent clause. However, indicative is used with expressions that do not express any doubt (e.g. those that begin with &quot;es cierto&quot;, &quot;pienso&quot;,&quot;sé&quot;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, what if we had a sentence where both are used, like:&#xA;&quot;Pienso que tú ___ (pensar) cuidadosamente antes de contestar mi pregunta.&quot; Would we use the indicative &quot;piensas&quot; or the subjunctive &quot;pienses&quot; in this situation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this is a very silly example that doesn't make a whole lot of sense, so if anyone has other examples that could help clarify my question they would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10751" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T04:00:12.910" Title="Subjunctive vs. Infinitive when subject is switched" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-17T05:23:24.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;64 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QCTBvh1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nadi&lt;/a&gt;, ni yo, te &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K5znagI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;helará&lt;/a&gt;, ¿eh?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ve tras tu meta. Ningún &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SF5U7xU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peal&lt;/a&gt; te dirá peal. ¿&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2kwLD5c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ansías&lt;/a&gt;? Pues ¡&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIavMkp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ea&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclaraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;helar&lt;/em&gt; se usa como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;desalentar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;quitar el ánimo&quot;), como se ve en su tercera acepción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El sustantivo &lt;em&gt;peal&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción coloquial como &quot;persona inútil, torpe&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La voz &quot;ea&quot; se usa &quot;para denotar alguna resolución de la voluntad, o para animar, estimular o excitar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T08:50:23.487" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T08:50:23.487" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-17T05:23:24.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26272" CreationDate="2018-05-17T06:58:28.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy viendo que en el CORDE aparecen unos cuantos casos de &lt;em&gt;advogado&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;aduogado&lt;/em&gt;) y derivados, como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y el Rey solamente remitió mil ducados al advogado fiscal para gastos criminales, con tantas piguilas, que apenas se hizo alguno dellos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis Cabrera de Córdoba, &quot;Historia de Felipe II, rey de España&quot;, c1619 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay casos mucho más allá, siendo el más reciente que encuentro de 1625. Estos casos coinciden en el tiempo con los casos de &lt;em&gt;avogado&lt;/em&gt;, sin la &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;, como el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El emperador escogió y nombró para juezes de possessión al licenciado Acuña [...]; hizo avogado al licenciado Juan Rodríguez de Pisa, fiscal al doctor Ribera, y secretario a Bartholomé Ruyz de Castañeda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco López de Gómara, &quot;La primera parte de la Historia natural de las Indias&quot;, 1554 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los casos de &lt;em&gt;avogado&lt;/em&gt; no van más allá de 1626, aunque hay uno de &lt;em&gt;auogado&lt;/em&gt; de 1705:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la ziudad de Burgos a veinte y seis de octubre, año de mil setezientos y zinco, el señor lizenziado don Francisco López de Murillas, auogado de los Reales Consejos, theniente de correxidor desta ziudad y su xurisdicción por Su Magestad [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Acta de 29-X-1705 [Documentos de teatro en Burgos (1700-1752)]&quot;, 1705 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos el número total de ejemplos encontrados no van más allá de unas cuantas docenas. En cambio, si buscas &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt; salen miles de ejemplos incluso limitando la búsqueda a textos anteriores a 1600. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E demás, dióles Spíritu Santo por abogado que los lenguajes que non entendiesen nin sabíen fablar, que ge los feziese entender e saber.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;Setenario&quot;, c1252-1270 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O este que parece más claro, también del siglo XIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preguntaron a Martín Alfonso que por qué lo mandara desafiar, dixo Pero Lopes de Fontecha, que era abogado de Martín Alfonso, que non auýa ya por qué lo dezir, que muchas cosas le pudiera fazer porque le sería vergüença de las dezir, así commo yazerle con la muger o acometerle su cuerpo, mas abasaua asaz que'l tenýa desafiado quando lo mató.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro de los fueros de Castiella&quot;, a1284 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece poco probable que sean errores de transcripción, dado que el texto pone &lt;em&gt;había&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;auýa&lt;/em&gt;, respetando la u/v de entonces, mientras que sí que pone &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nota, también aparece una docena de casos de &lt;em&gt;adbogado&lt;/em&gt;, el más reciente de 1679.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que la forma dominante de la palabra ya en el siglo XIII era &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;. Esto se atestigua, como bien dices, con la entrada de &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495. Covarrubias en 1611 recoge &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;abogar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;abogacía&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;abogar&lt;/em&gt; se usaba (y usa) como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Defender los Abogados en juicio las causas y pleitos, y alegar de la justicia, ù derecho de las partes, que se valen de ellos para este fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, existía otro verbo muy similar que significaba otra cosa distinta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AVOCAR. Llamar ante sí algun Tribunal superior, y traher los autos de alguna causa, citando las partes litigantes, y sacando el processo de otro Tribunal inferior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta venía del latín &lt;em&gt;avocare&lt;/em&gt;, aunque también existía &lt;em&gt;advocar&lt;/em&gt; que venía de &lt;em&gt;advocare&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ADVOCAR. Llamar hacia sí, atraher, ò mover à alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esta información, ¿qué dirías que es un &lt;em&gt;advocado&lt;/em&gt;? Parecería que se refiere a alguien que es llamado (atraído o invocado por un tribunal), pero no, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; dice que es lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;. Confuso, ¿no? ¿Y &lt;em&gt;avocado&lt;/em&gt; entonces? Era sencillamente el participio pasado de &lt;em&gt;avocar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué dirías que significa la siguiente frase del &lt;em&gt;Vidal Mayor&lt;/em&gt; de 1250?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Et otrosí el aduocado deue ser puesto ante l'alcalde, seyendo present el aduersario, o deue ser feito público instrumento al poner del aduocado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&quot;El &lt;em&gt;advocado&lt;/em&gt; debe ser puesto ante el alcalde, estando presente el adversario.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&quot;Advocado&quot; aquí entonces qué es? ¿Abogado o invocado? Pues parece que &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;, y así descubrimos que en los siglos XIII y XIV resulta que &lt;em&gt;advocado&lt;/em&gt; era bastante común, al menos en algunos textos donde se habla de &lt;em&gt;advocato procurador&lt;/em&gt; (siendo &lt;em&gt;procurador&lt;/em&gt; sinónima de &lt;em&gt;abogado defensor&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, tenemos que en un momento en el que España estaba dividida en reinos, algunos textos usan &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;, otros &lt;em&gt;advogado&lt;/em&gt;, otros &lt;em&gt;advocato&lt;/em&gt;... alguna tenía que imponerse, y seguramente el hecho de que existía un verbo &lt;em&gt;advocar&lt;/em&gt;, que acabó tomando otro significado allá por el siglo XVI, ayudó para que se acabara distinguiendo una palabra de otra, adoptándose la forma con &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: la conclusión es una suposición mía. Me faltaría encontrar alguna fuente fiable que lo corrobore. Y claro, faltaría por saber cómo es que en el siglo XIII la forma dominante ya era &lt;em&gt;abogado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T07:32:31.883" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T07:32:31.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2018-05-17T07:14:14.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si la acción está penada en tu país, claro, se considera &lt;em&gt;delito&lt;/em&gt;. Pero si no está penada, y en otros sí, la acción cuanto menos se podría considerar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuestionable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un adjetivo y no un sustantivo. Siendo un poco laxos con las definiciones, igual podrías usar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ilícito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en su acepción de &quot;no permitido moralmente&quot;, aunque estoy dando por supuesto que, al ser una acción penada en otros países, podría ser considerada al menos como inmoral en tu país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y digo esto último para que tomes todo esto con mucha cautela, porque podría ser que una acción penada en otro país sea algo completamente normal en el tuyo. Has puesto como ejemplo el contrabando de drogas, cosa que en principio podría tener la oposición mayoritaria de la opinión pública, pero por poner otro ejemplo, la homosexualidad está penada en algunos países, y eso no lo convierte en algo inmoral, cuestionable o ilícito en el mío (tal vez sí a nivel personal de cada uno, que hay gente para todo, pero no a nivel legal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque esta última parrafada no tiene nada que ver con el lenguaje...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T07:14:14.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26277" CreationDate="2018-05-17T07:32:28.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct answer is &amp;quot;follow the crowd&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Go with the flow&amp;quot; would translate as just &amp;quot;dejarse llevar&amp;quot; without anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Julia se deja llevar por la corriente y viste igual que todas sus amigas.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Julia follows the crowd and dresses just like her friends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para ser uno con el Dao hay que dejarse llevar.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;To be one with the Dao you have to go with the flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, it is always &amp;quot;dejarse llevar POR&amp;quot;. &amp;quot;Dejarse llevar DE...&amp;quot; is agrammatical. The only possible use of the pronoun &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; with the  verb &amp;quot;llevar&amp;quot; would be &amp;quot;dejarse llevar de la mano&amp;quot; which translates to &amp;quot;let oneself be led by the hand&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm native speaker (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19461" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T08:41:23.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26286" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26287" CreationDate="2018-05-17T08:05:46.693" Score="9" ViewCount="1313" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Java developer, I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/java/ma14-java-se-8-streams-2177646.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Streams&lt;/a&gt; almost every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up until now, I've just called them &lt;em&gt;streams&lt;/em&gt; but with a Spanish accent, i.e. &lt;code&gt;/estrims/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema estaba en que el primer &lt;em&gt;estrim&lt;/em&gt; estaba lanzando un segundo &lt;em&gt;estrim&lt;/em&gt; sin pasarle los valores de los &lt;em&gt;zredlocal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure I'm not the only Spanish dev to season my day-to-day Spanish with some technical English terms here and there -- actually, I've yet to find anybody who calls streams anything other than &lt;code&gt;/estrims/&lt;/code&gt; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today, however, I tried to replace it with a Spanish term instead, and I felt a bit puzzled. &lt;em&gt;Corrientes&lt;/em&gt;? Ugh, that doesn't sound right. &lt;em&gt;Secuencias&lt;/em&gt;? Too generic. &lt;em&gt;Flujos&lt;/em&gt;? Hmm... Not convincing enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hey, I know! I'll check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/es/articles/java/procesamiento-streams-java-se-8-2763402-esa.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oracle's own Spanish version of their documentation on Streams&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Procesamiento de datos con streams de Java SE 8 - Parte 1&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uso de operaciones de streams para expresar consultas de procesamiento de datos complejas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) Los diseñadores de la interfaz API de Java han incorporado en su actualización una nueva abstracción denominada &lt;em&gt;Stream&lt;/em&gt;, que permite procesar datos de modo declarativo. Más aún, los streams permiten aprovechar las arquitecturas de núcleos múltiples sin necesidad de programar líneas de código multiproceso. Suena bien, ¿no? Eso es lo que exploraremos en esta serie de artículos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de ahondar en lo que se puede hacer con streams, veamos un ejemplo para tener una idea del nuevo estilo de programación que posibilitan los streams de Java SE 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bummer. Turns out even they didn't know what to call them in Spanish either!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... &lt;strong&gt;What would &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; call a Java stream in Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:54:52.320" Title="Technical translation for &quot;stream&quot; as a programming concept" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-17T08:32:42.050" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Oracle themselves use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;stream&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in their documentation, I assume we could use it as a loanword with no further problem. That is what I usually do in my job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, if we are committed to finding a proper translation, I like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;flujo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; I think &lt;em&gt;&quot;un flujo de datos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is an easy to understand concept for a Spanish speaker (programmer or not), which should be the main purpose when using the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you don't find it very convincing, as you said, you might prefer to use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;transmisor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. WordReference translates &quot;stream&quot; as a verb to &lt;em&gt;'transmitir'&lt;/em&gt; when talking about data. I personally like &lt;em&gt;flujo&lt;/em&gt; better than &lt;em&gt;transmisor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19459" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:37:40.740" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:37:40.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-17T08:35:44.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues mira, te voy a dar una propuesta basada en otro lenguaje de programación: C#. Los &lt;em&gt;streams&lt;/em&gt; de Java permiten al programador hacer con las colecciones más o menos lo mismo que la API de Linq permite hacer en C# con los objetos que implementen la interfaz &lt;code&gt;IEnumerable&lt;/code&gt;. Así que aquí va la propuesta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FqoohpP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enumeración&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. enumeratio, -ōnis.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de enumerar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Expresión sucesiva de las partes de que consta un todo, de las especies que comprende un género, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cómputo o cuenta numeral de las cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, un &lt;em&gt;stream&lt;/em&gt; sería un &lt;em&gt;enumerador&lt;/em&gt;, que no hay que confundir con un &lt;em&gt;iterador&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T08:35:44.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2018-05-17T09:45:49.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que haya acciones malas en si mismas, el bien y el mal son algo subjetivo aunque pueda haber cosas que en la mayoría de sociedades se consideren inmorales aunque el ejemplo de vender drogas tampoco me parece el mejor para este caso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si hablamos de algo que es moralmente reprobable en una sociedad pero no necesariamente ilegal podríamos usar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;inmoral&lt;/strong&gt; o algún sinónimo como &lt;em&gt;ílicito&lt;/em&gt; (dicho por @Charlie aunque se asocia más a la legalidad que a la moral), &lt;strong&gt;deshonesto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;indecente&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LfH5iKx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inmoral&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que se opone a la moral o a las buenas costumbres.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D53p7Bn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deshonesto, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. No conforme a razón ni a las ideas recibidas por buenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LLtMDEf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indecente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. No &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BvprV7G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decente&lt;/a&gt;, indecoroso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T09:45:49.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26272" CreationDate="2018-05-17T10:18:23.787" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Spelling in the time of Betacism&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the evolution of Spanish, in the period where it lost the distinction between 'b' and 'v', words etymologically containing b/p/v/u were usually spelled as they were &lt;strong&gt;pronounced&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. 'b' for [b] and 'v/u' for [β]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;cantava, cavallo, (h)aver/auer, seruir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;boca, bueno, lobo (&amp;lt; lupus), abeja (&amp;lt; apicŭla)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Spelling reforms&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in the 18th century the RAE instigated some spelling reforms to make such words closer match their etymological roots, which is why there is such etymological regularity today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La concepción de la RAE se hizo evidente en su Diccionario de autoridades, publicado a lo largo de la década de 1720, en que el buen decir se recaba de la obra de un canon bien seleccionado de autores y eruditos. Bajo la influencia del salmantino Adrián Cónnink, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; rompió de cuajo con la tendencia fonetista y recuperó los principios que la Académie française había empleado para fijar la lengua francesa: la etimología y la pronunciación histórica. &lt;strong&gt;De ese modo, restauró la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; a pesar de que fonológicamente había desaparecido,&lt;/strong&gt; impuso grafías latinizantes para los vocablos de origen griego ―&lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; para las &lt;em&gt;θ&lt;/em&gt; etimológicas, &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt; para las &lt;em&gt;ρ&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ps&lt;/em&gt; para las &lt;em&gt;ψ, ph&lt;/em&gt; para las &lt;em&gt;φ&lt;/em&gt;―, recuperó las &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; mudas y fijó la grafía de los grupos consonánticos en atención a su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Exceptions&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words managed to escape this reformation and maintained their 'as pronounced' spellings, due to popular use, oversight, or erroneous etymology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;basura &amp;lt; vassura &amp;lt; versūram&lt;/em&gt; (initial [β] &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25689/18348&quot;&gt;became [b]&lt;/a&gt; in the 15th century)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;avanzar &amp;lt; abanzar/avanzar &amp;lt; *abantiāre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;averío &amp;lt; haberío&lt;/em&gt; (influence of &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Simplification of consonant clusters&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the evolution from Latin to Spanish, the 'db' in &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;b...&lt;/em&gt; words was mostly simplified to 'b':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abajar &amp;lt; abaxar &amp;lt; adbassio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abrazar &amp;lt; *adbracchiō&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in some &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;v...&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;u...&lt;/em&gt; words the 'dv' was simplified to a mix of 'v' and 'b':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=avezar%2Cabezar&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;avezar/abezar&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt; *advitio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=aviltar%2Cabiltar&amp;amp;year_start=1820&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aviltar/abiltar&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt; *vilĭtas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abogar/avocar &amp;lt; advoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Abogado&lt;/em&gt; just happens to be one of these words that had enough popular coinage to avoid being reformed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kGt8b.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kGt8b.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5N5DAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA194&amp;amp;dq=avogado+abogado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reflexiones sobre el Estilo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Johann Daniel Wagener (1811)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4I4T.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4I4T.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lbJ7TahXEwUC&amp;amp;pg=PA464&amp;amp;dq=avogado+abogado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana: (ensayo) precedido de unos ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Pedro Felipe Monlau (1856)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Note: Learned borrowings&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;v...&lt;/em&gt; words the 'd' remains however, due to being learned borrowings from Late Latin. With these there is often a Spanishised doublet more organically inherited as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;avenir/advenir &amp;lt; advenio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;averar/adverar &amp;lt; adverare&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;abogar/avocar/advocar &amp;lt; advoco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adverbio &amp;lt; adverbium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adverar &amp;lt; *advērāre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;advertir &amp;lt; adverto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T10:18:23.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23118" CreationDate="2018-05-17T10:20:27.333" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas &quot;el pinflas&quot; en Google, te devuelve la friolera de ¡&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?source=hp&amp;amp;q=%22el%20pinflas%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;9 resultados&lt;/a&gt;! De estos, 3 se corresponden con esta pregunta y sus clones. Otros se refieren a apodos. Solo dos textos parecen encajar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Decidle que lo vais a denunciar a delitos telemáticos y poned la dirección de la web, veréis qué pronto deja de hacer el pinflas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ya veo por qué siempre cogen a los fugitivos, se ponen a hacer el pinflas en las casas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con solamente estos dos ejemplos escritos, yo diría que equivale a &lt;em&gt;hacer el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8zu2YZ1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chorra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, o incluso a &lt;em&gt;hacer el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7MxWvWZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capullo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; si la frase va más dirigida como insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas solamente &quot;pinflas&quot; ya se encuentran más resultados. Uno interesante es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] o pensaban que eras un &quot;pinflas&quot; -un gañán, vamos- [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;gañán&lt;/em&gt; significa literalmente &quot;hombre fuerte y rudo&quot;, pero en La Mancha se usa también de forma despectiva como sinónimo de &quot;hombre tonto&quot; o &quot;de pocas luces&quot;. Por tanto, &quot;hacer el gañán&quot; equivale a &quot;hacer tonterías&quot;, y expresiones como &quot;no me seas gañán&quot; significan &quot;no seas tonto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar más datos, así que no puedo decirte de dónde viene o dónde se usa (una pista podría ser la equiparación de &lt;em&gt;pinflas&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;gañán&lt;/em&gt;, palabra muy manchega aunque popularizada por algunos programas de televisión), si bien es cierto que, como dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23118/qu%C3%A9-es-hacer-el-pinflas#comment39156_23118&quot;&gt;un comentario&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra se parece sospechosamente al verbo &lt;em&gt;rempampinflar&lt;/em&gt;, que no aparece en el DLE pero sí en un par de fichas del Fichero General&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt; como corrupción de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vc1rD9q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refanfinflar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;refanfinflársela&lt;/strong&gt; una cosa o una persona a alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. malson. coloq. Esp. Serle completamente indiferente. &lt;em&gt;Me la refanfinfla cualquier problema suyo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si así fuera, la expresión adquiriría otro significado: &lt;em&gt;hacer el pinflas&lt;/em&gt; sería &quot;hacer ver que algo no te importa&quot; (ejemplo 1) o &quot;actuar como si nada importara&quot; (ejemplo 2). O incluso &quot;hacer cosas sin importancia&quot; como en el ejemplo de tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Diccionario de argot español, Víctor León. 1980.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Diccionario de argot, Juan Manuel Oliver. 1986.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T06:31:28.830" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T06:31:28.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26281" CreationDate="2018-05-17T11:23:10.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule is not exactly as you put it, but I get what you mean and it's a good rule of thumb. The thing is, as you already know, it depends on the main verb. &lt;strong&gt;It makes no difference what the verb is in the subordinate sentence.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA; MAIN        SUBORDINATE &#xA; VERB           VERB&#xA;  ↓              ↓&#xA;Pienso [ que trabajas mucho ].  &quot;I think you work hard.&quot; &#xA;Quiero [ que trabajes mejor ].  &quot;I want you to work better.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your fill-in-the-blank example is not something you'd find in real conversation. With &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; as main verb (and so long as it is in the affirmative), the verb in the subordinate will be in the indicative. So you would get this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso que tú piensas cuidadosamente antes de contestar mi pregunta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's grammatical but makes no sense. At first it reads like a general statement (&quot;I think you &lt;em&gt;always/generally/habitually&lt;/em&gt; think carefully...&quot;) but when you add &lt;em&gt;«antes de contestar mi pregunta»&lt;/em&gt; it becomes definite and cannot be read as general anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is using the future indicative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pienso que pensarás cuidadosamente antes de contestar mi pregunta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &quot;I think you &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; think carefully before answering my question&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, in all the examples above, &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit forced; most people will use &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; instead (&lt;em&gt;«Creo que...»&lt;/em&gt;). There's a good answer elsewhere to the question about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23272/why-is-creer-used-for-i-think-opinion&quot;&gt;difference between &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T11:23:10.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26295" CreationDate="2018-05-17T13:18:15.837" Score="5" ViewCount="19120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veamos el caso de &lt;code&gt;/jubilo/&lt;/code&gt;, donde tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MZHoJe3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;jú&lt;/strong&gt;bilo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ju&lt;strong&gt;bi&lt;/strong&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MZ4npwR%7CMZ6ZvZa%7CMZBwxfV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;jubilar&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;jubi&lt;strong&gt;ló&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (id)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo mismo con ánimo / animo / animó y muchas otras, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/JRhodesPianist/status/996671102075187200&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recoge un twit&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En él se habla de estas palabras como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tritónicas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que es un concepto que el DLE no recoge pero que es fácilmente deducible y creable a partir del hecho que son tres posibles fonologías (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a0xKFMI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tónico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;2. adj. Fonética. Que tiene acento prosódico&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, imaginemos que una palabra de este tipo tiene cuatro sílabas. ¿Las hay? ¿Habría algún término para designarla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T16:42:21.617" Title="¿Cómo se llaman las palabras que tienen un significado diferente al poner el acento en una sílaba diferente?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-17T13:25:41.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Flujo&quot; o &quot;corriente&quot; deberían de ser los conceptos correctos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concepto de &lt;em&gt;stream&lt;/em&gt; se basa en que se trata de un tipo de dato que recibe información desde una fuente para poder ser manipulada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y este concepto encaja en varios métodos usados junto al &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;stream&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;streamRead&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que yo lo traduciría como &quot;lectura de flujo&quot;: en este tipo de lectura, en lugar de enviarte el texto entero, te envía el texto en pedazos, iniciando el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;flujo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; desde el inicio de un texto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:39:47.790" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:39:47.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26293" CreationDate="2018-05-17T15:54:19.280" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todavía no hay ningún termino 'oficial' para estes grupos de palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, hay varios sitios del web que describan estas palabras también como &lt;em&gt;tritónicas&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PALABRAS TRITÓNICAS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay palabras que tienen los mismos sonidos y que se escriben con las mismas letras que otras, pero la situación de su sílaba tónica varía y con ella también cambia el significado. Se llaman tritónicas aquellas palabras que pueden tener la sílaba tónica en tres (tri-) posiciones diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/~mortiz2/fpacent_palab_trit%C3%B3nicas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/~mortiz2/fpacent_palab_tritónicas.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HCF0qCCw3GMC&amp;amp;pg=PA102&amp;amp;dq=ej%C3%A9rcito+ejercito+ejercit%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La acentuación española: nuevo manual de las normas acentuales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por Roberto Veciana, él las llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;voces homónimas acentuales (trítonas)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5RITAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA137&amp;amp;dq=ej%C3%A9rcito+ejercito+ejercit%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática de la lengua castellana, métrica y filosofía del lenguaje&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se llaman &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;voces homófonas de significación varia&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (pero también se incluye parejas como &lt;em&gt;botar, votar&lt;/em&gt; etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés hay un termino &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;heteronym&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para palabras homógrafas que no son sinónimas ni homófonas (pero en castellano, el cognado &lt;em&gt;heterónimo&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26243/18348&quot;&gt;algo distinto&lt;/a&gt;), e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ˈsʌb.dʒɛkt/&lt;/code&gt; (sustantivo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/sʌbˈdʒɛkt/&lt;/code&gt; (verbo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no cuentas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; palabras con/sin acentos como distintos 'grafas', puedes describirlos como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;homógrafas no homófonas&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;heterónimos&quot; (expandiendo la definición para incluir la significación lingüística inglesa / usarlo como un calco)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vHg27.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vHg27.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Usar esta definición haría que &lt;em&gt;periodo/período&lt;/em&gt; etc se incluyeran en la sección verde.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Explicación de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1950/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;salle / sal-le / sal·le&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-17T16:42:21.617" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T16:42:21.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-17T16:08:50.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de la respuesta de &quot;flujo&quot; ya dada en otras dos respuestas (que en particular me gusta porque, al conectar a un flujo de datos, muchas veces se hace por medio de canales y puertas, así manteniendo una firme y coherente conexión con la terminología tanto informática como no informática; y cuando hay que hacer un pequeño &lt;em&gt;buffer&lt;/em&gt;, allí la palabra &quot;reserva&quot;, también con uso hidrólogo y fluvial, serviría muy bien), otras posibilidades según el contexto podrían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corriente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ya mencionado por Mike, apenas hay diferencia en significado con &quot;flujo&quot;, siendo muy sustituible en contextos no informáticos por esa otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fuente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Desafortunadamente, es una palabra muy general, aunque podría valer para ciertas cosas (como tal vez un &lt;code&gt;Supply&lt;/code&gt; en Perl6).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;canal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;También de terminología fluvial, es lo que contiene los datos, por lo que valdría siempre que no sea preciso distinguir los datos de su vía (lo normal es que cada canal lleve una sola serie de datos, por lo que sin tener los flujos fundidos (&lt;em&gt;muxed&lt;/em&gt;) serían efectivamente sinónimos). Por ende podríamos también utilizar palabras como &lt;strong&gt;zanja&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;caz&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;conducto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;transmisión / transmisor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Como fuente, también tiene connotaciones diferentes a pesar de describir también la acción (es decir, la transmisión la veo más como el conjunto total de los datos, y no las partes de los mismos en tránsito). Además, a mí no me cuela hablar de una transmisión dentro de un mismo ordenador (tendría que ser algo remoto), pero sí existen &lt;em&gt;streams&lt;/em&gt; dentro de un solo sistema. En la forma '-or', incluso suena como si hablara del sistema del que provienen los datos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:50:22.587" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:50:22.587" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26300" CreationDate="2018-05-17T17:01:58.903" Score="7" ViewCount="4601" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Diario&quot; (fuera del documento escrito) tiene exclusivamente el uso adverbial de &quot;todos los días&quot;: &lt;em&gt;me como un plato de arroz diario&lt;/em&gt;. Pero lo que quiero consultar es la idea de &quot;día&quot; pero con otra palabra, por la misma línea que hay entre &quot;año&quot; y &quot;anual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero expresar la siguiente idea: un evento que ocurre dos días cada semana. Hipoteticé las expresiones &quot;evento &lt;strong&gt;bijornada&lt;/strong&gt; cada semana&quot;, o &quot;evento &lt;strong&gt;bidiario&lt;/strong&gt; cada semana&quot;. ¿Qué se les ocurre a los miembros del sitio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:31:53.020" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:31:53.020" Title="¿Qué palabra se puede usar para expresar repetición basada en &quot;días&quot;, que no sea &quot;diario&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26297" CreationDate="2018-05-17T17:13:30.800" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Dos días cada semana» no quiere decir «dos veces por &lt;em&gt;día&lt;/em&gt;», sino «dos veces por &lt;em&gt;semana&lt;/em&gt;».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, la palabra que buscas es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bjsZzf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bisemanal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bjsZzf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bisemanal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De bi- y semana.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;adj.&lt;/code&gt; Que se hace u ocurre dos veces por semana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el hipotético &lt;em&gt;*bidiario&lt;/em&gt; significaría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;algo que ocurre dos veces por día&amp;quot;, o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;algo que ocurre cada dos días&amp;quot; (como &lt;em&gt;semanal&lt;/em&gt; también puede significar &lt;em&gt;quincenal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:23:32.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-17T18:05:32.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corriente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Flujo&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;flow&quot;. If I were reading a technical text and met with &lt;em&gt;flujo&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;flujo de datos&lt;/em&gt;, I'd have no idea what it would be talking about; it's too generic. Simply passing an argument to a function counts as &lt;em&gt;flujo de datos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always thought of a stream in any programming language as being an analogy with a water stream. It's passing a big mass of some fluid thing (e.g. water, a network connection, a file) in undefined, variable sized chunks at a time. I think &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;corriente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; fits better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm in a spot where I want to stay strictly in Spanish, I prefer to choose the best translation of the loanword as-is, striving to keep the original analogy, instead of thinking of something new for the concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18119" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:42:19.937" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:42:19.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26297" CreationDate="2018-05-17T21:06:05.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de &quot;diario&quot; también está:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DeJwdh0%7CDeMWi7d%7CDeOsnAz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dial&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. diālis 'de un día'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a un día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir del cual puedes formar &quot;bidial&quot;, &quot;tridial&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como curiosidad, en el diccionario no están &quot;duano&quot; ni &quot;biduano&quot;, pero sí están:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=adEKsUk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;triduano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. triduānus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. De tres días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BUZWXpW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuatriduano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. quatriduānus, de quatridium 'espacio de cuatro días'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. De cuatro días.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Después de responder me di cuenta de que no era lo que buscabas. La &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26298/13628&quot;&gt;respuesta de ukemi&lt;/a&gt; va por mejor camino, pero dejemos esta como complemento.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:28:14.620" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:28:14.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26297" CreationDate="2018-05-17T21:23:35.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa para evitar ambigüedades o el uso de prefijos o sufijos de escaso uso que pudiesen generar duda o confusión, es usar múltipos de horas para indicar el periodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, esta es la razón por la que la periodicidad en la dosificación de medicamentos se expresa en múltipos de horas: nunca te quedará la duda de si el evento debe ocurrir cada dos semanas o cada dos veces a la semana, como en el caso de &lt;em&gt;bisemanal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indicar &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cada 48 horas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un periodo de dos días sin ambigüedades. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cada 72 horas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un periodo de 3 días sin ambigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para periodos más largos en los que el número de horas no es computable de inmediato en una operación mental (mayores a 72 horas), podemos extender la técnica a usar múltiplos de días.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Así, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cada tercer día&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; equivale a cada 72 horas y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cada siete días&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; asegura un evento semanal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:26:26.357" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:26:26.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26308" CreationDate="2018-05-17T23:05:15.337" Score="6" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a word in Spanish which means &quot;every two days&quot;? If not, is there one which means &quot;a period of two days&quot; or &quot;related to a period of two days&quot;? By analogy to &lt;em&gt;dial/diario&lt;/em&gt;, ..., &lt;em&gt;triduano, cuatriduano&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There appear to be words referring to most other 'major' periods of time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        |    1/3     |    1/2    |     1     |     2     |     3      |      4        |     5      |     6     |      7       | ... |     12     | ... |    15      | ... | 19 &#xA;| DAY   |            |           | dial      | ...       | triduano   | cuatriduano   | ...        | ...       | hebdomadario | ... | duodenario | ... | quincenal  | ... | decemnovenal |&#xA;| WEEK  | trisemanal | bisemanal | semanal   | bisemanal | trisemanal | ...           | ...        | ...       | ...          | ... | ...        | ... | ...        |&#xA;| MONTH | trimensual | bimensual | mensual   | bimestral | trimestral | cuatrimestral | ...        | semestral | ...          | ... | ...        | ... | ...        |&#xA;| YEAR  |            | bianual   | anual     | bienal    | trienal    | cuatrienal    | quinquenal | sexenal   | ...          | ... | ...        | ... | quindenial |&#xA;| DECADE|            |           | decenal   | vicenal   | tricenal   | cuadricenal   | ...        | ...       | ...          | ... | ...        | ... | ...        |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, this appears to be a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23258/18348&quot;&gt;semantic gap&lt;/a&gt; in English as well, as the term for this is the phrase &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/22318/272638&quot;&gt;'every other day'&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T09:39:54.220" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T19:29:26.600" Title="Word meaning &quot;every two days&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-18T01:08:31.947" Score="3" ViewCount="770" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando un término que describa bien la palabra inglesa &quot;wrap&quot; (como en un wrap de chocolate), pero que no sea &lt;em&gt;wrap&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurre &lt;strong&gt;rollito&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;rollo&lt;/strong&gt; o hasta &lt;strong&gt;envuelto&lt;/strong&gt; (pero este último tiene ya una connotación bien clara y diferente a la de &lt;em&gt;wrap&lt;/em&gt;, o por lo menos es así en Colombia). Investigando, vi que se aconseja también &lt;strong&gt;rol&lt;/strong&gt;, pero esta nunca la he visto y me parece muy innatural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué posibilidades se les ocurren?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T13:05:29.890" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T13:57:49.190" Title="En contexto culinario, ¿cómo se puede decir 'wrap' en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26310" CreationDate="2018-05-18T03:17:35.040" Score="2" ViewCount="2087" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://supermileto.blogspot.com.es/2016/07/la-ululofilia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ululofilia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; hace referencia a la colección de figuras de aves rapaces nocturnas (búhos o lechuzas artesanales).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si bien es un término muy poco usado (no lo vi registrado en el DLE y la búsqueda rápida de internet remite a algunos blogs), no me queda claro cuál es el origen de la palabra. No sé cuál es su traducción (que sería la forma más fácil de hallarle origen) aunque la etimología a grandes rasgos mostraría al sufijo '-filia' que supone &quot;afición&quot;, y lo de &lt;em&gt;ululo&lt;/em&gt;, quizá de alguna lengua germánica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conocen desde hace cuánto el término se usa en español y de dónde proviene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T15:39:29.580" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T20:40:01.943" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra 'ululofilia'?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-18T03:53:28.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;61 characters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Que ni yo te pare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Los incapaces te dirán incapaz. ¡Cuida tu sueño y lógralo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T16:06:34.507" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-18T03:53:28.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26281" CreationDate="2018-05-18T04:00:12.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your example sentence, because the subject believes the listener thinks something, the subordinate clause is treated as factual and therefore must be in the indicative mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, if the main clause were in the negative (&quot;I don't think you think... &quot;), the subjunctive mood would be mandatory for the subordinate clause, because in this case it would refer to something not believed to be true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more general and helpful rule is that the subjunctive is reserved for non-factual statements: hypotheses, wishes, commands, conditions, and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T04:00:12.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26307" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-18T06:21:11.333" Score="2" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede decirme cómo se dice &quot;un ligue de una noche&quot; (&quot;booty call&quot; en inglés) en otros dialectos de español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19467" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T05:31:14.633" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T05:31:14.633" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;un ligue de una noche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26302" CreationDate="2018-05-18T06:30:51.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No consigo encontrar ninguna palabra que por sí sola signifique lo que pides (y me parece raro, la verdad). Así que propondré algunas expresiones que aparecen en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1#BCMJX7G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un día sí y otro no&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. En días alternos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta se puede reducir diciendo &lt;em&gt;día sí, día no&lt;/em&gt;. Por supuesto, también puedes usar la propia definición: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;en días alternos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1#BA3ZPtC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cada tercer día&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. &lt;strong&gt;un día sí y otro no&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente es específica de América:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsVyE1#BAhLhWm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;día por medio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. Am. &lt;strong&gt;un día sí y otro no&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T06:30:51.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26307" CreationDate="2018-05-18T06:35:13.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España solemos (o solíamos) llamarlo &lt;strong&gt;rollo&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WdApXKx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rollo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Relación amorosa, generalmente pasajera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;«—¿Es tu novio? —No, es solo un rollo.»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verbo, y atendiendo a lo que comenta Charlie, tienes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;enrollarse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FaO1IdN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enrollar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Entablar una relación amorosa o erótica, normalmente pasajera. &lt;em&gt;Se ha enrollado CON alguien mayor que él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto de 'enrollarse' quizá se acerca más al concepto de &lt;em&gt;booty call&lt;/em&gt; que el que has propuesto de 'ligue', ya que sirve tanto para hablar de diferentes &quot;rollos&quot; en el sentido de diferentes relaciones y personas, como para hablar de enrollarse varias veces con la misma persona en diferentes momentos, por un calentón o porque os apetece, sin que por ello exista (digan lo que digan &lt;em&gt;les amigues&lt;/em&gt;) una relación estable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque si estamos hablando específicamente de una persona con la que nos &lt;em&gt;enrollamos&lt;/em&gt; de vez en cuando por puro placer pero con la que no tenemos relación romántica, podemos emplear la comúnmente usada (pero aún no admitida) &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Follamigo&amp;amp;redirect=no&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;follamigo o follamiga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T07:08:48.803" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T07:08:48.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26304" CreationDate="2018-05-18T06:41:30.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien apuntan en los comentarios, es una palabra compuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ulula#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ulula&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, latín para 'lechuza', y el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HuXOblN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-filia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que significa 'afición'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo de cambiar la última 'a' por una 'o' puede ser para facilitar la pronunciación, o por analogía con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9plBiws&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colombofilia&lt;/a&gt; que viene de &lt;em&gt;columba&lt;/em&gt; (paloma).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español tenemos el verbo &lt;em&gt;ulular&lt;/em&gt; para indicar el sonido que hacen las lechuzas y búhos pero, sorprendentemente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b3VReXo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DLE no recoge esa acepción&lt;/a&gt;. Choca más todavía que sí recoja la de &quot;hacer ruido el viento&quot; cuando seguramente ese uso venga de la similaridad con el canto de los búhos, pero en fin, esto ya es divagar :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T07:02:11.160" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T07:02:11.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26303" CreationDate="2018-05-18T13:04:49.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque &quot;rollo&quot; es una manera coloquial de referirse a ellos, en España en algunos establecimientos de comida se los llama &lt;strong&gt;flautas&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=flautas%20de%20pollo%20y%20queso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes&lt;/a&gt;). El DLE recoge esta acepción, aunque la pone como regional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=I3rm1yY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;flauta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Méx. Taco más largo de lo común, hecho de una tortilla de maíz enrollada, rellena de carne y frita.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También por analogía con otros platos mexicanos se usa a veces &lt;strong&gt;fajitas&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=fajitas%20de%20jamon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes&lt;/a&gt;) o &lt;strong&gt;burritos&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=burritos%20de%20espinacas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes&lt;/a&gt;), especialmente si el &lt;em&gt;wrap&lt;/em&gt; se hace con una tortilla como las de allá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos a lo dulce, creo que aquí lo más habitual es hablar de &lt;em&gt;crêpe&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;crep&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=crep%20de%20chocolate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BEdJfiv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;crep&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. o f. Tortita muy fina de harina, leche y huevos, que suele servirse enrollada y con un relleno dulce o salado. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, también existe el concepto de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;crep salado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=crep%20salado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes&lt;/a&gt;) que al fin y al cabo es lo mismo que un &lt;em&gt;wrap&lt;/em&gt; solo que la masa es diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T13:57:49.190" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T13:57:49.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26313" CreationDate="2018-05-18T15:32:11.947" Score="3" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Primero, disculpa si no uso los términos correctos -- pongo esta pregunta parcialmente porque no sé cómo formularla para buscar la respuesta en otro lugar.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considerad una frase como esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él miraba la luz que entraba por la ventana; consideraba también las moscas que estaban pasando por &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; al mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto esta &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;?  Por supuesto, la frase entera terminaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...que estaban pasando por la ventana al mismo tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me suena raro la primera frase, pero es lo que quería escribir. ¿Es aconsejable usar un demostrativo en un contexto como este? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...que estaban pasando por esta al mismo tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con un sujeto masculino, ¿cuál sería la formulación correcta? Si consideramos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él miraba el pájaro que volaba por el espacio; consideraba también las moscas que estaban volando por &lt;strong&gt;el/él&lt;/strong&gt; al mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿usamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...que estaban volando por el al mismo tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...que estaban volando por él al mismo tiempo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que sería la segunda frase, por lo tanto pienso que quizás estemos aquí antes de pronombres personales....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias por cualquier ayuda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Una pregunta adicional: ¿es correcto &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; aquí, o debe/puede ser &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T20:50:12.320" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T04:45:14.783" Title="¿Artículos/pronombres personales con preposiciones?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26312" CreationDate="2018-05-18T16:33:59.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu confusión es entre &lt;strong&gt;artículos&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;pronombres personales&lt;/strong&gt;. Los artículos definidos son &lt;em&gt;el, la, los, las&lt;/em&gt;. Quizá la confusión provenga de que tres de los artículos definidos (&lt;em&gt;la, los, las&lt;/em&gt;) son idénticos a pronombres personales. Esto ocurre porque provienen del mismo origen en latín. Pero aunque se escriben y dicen iguales, tienen funciones totalmente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los pronombres personales vienen en tres &lt;strong&gt;casos gramaticales&lt;/strong&gt;: nominativo, acusativo y dativo. El nominativo se usa para el sujeto de la oración, el acusativo para el objeto directo y el dativo para el objeto indirecto. Además los pronombres personales en acusativo y dativo vienen en dos versiones: &lt;strong&gt;tónicos&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;átonos&lt;/strong&gt;. Tónico significa que tiene acentuación propia y funciona como una palabra separada. Átono significa que no tiene acentuación propia y se une a una palabra vecina (aunque a veces se escriba separado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detrás de las preposiciones se usan pronombres personales tónicos&lt;/strong&gt; (que son iguales en acusativo y dativo). Estos pronombres son &lt;em&gt;mí, ti, él/ella, nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras, ustedes, ellos/ellas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Como ves hay diferentes pronombres para los dos géneros en la tercera persona del singular y en todas las del plural (salvo &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;). Entonces decimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pasando por la ventana&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;pasando por &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;volando por el espacio&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;volando por &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En vez del pronombre personal de tercera persona se puede usar el demostrativo, pero a veces no suena bien, o suena muy formal o extraño. Depende del contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tu pregunta extra, sí, se puede decir &lt;em&gt;a través de&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; en estos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; También existe un pronombre de tercera persona singular reflexivo tónico, &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;, que suele ir acompañado de &lt;em&gt;mismo&lt;/em&gt;, y un pronombre personal neutro, &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt;, que es más usado en el discurso formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-18T21:02:06.347" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T21:02:06.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26286" CreationDate="2018-05-18T21:45:54.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado que los &lt;code&gt;Stream&lt;/code&gt; de Java son cosas bien diferentes de los &lt;em&gt;streams&lt;/em&gt; tradicionales, yo propondría una palabra bastante diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea con los &lt;code&gt;Stream&lt;/code&gt; de Java es que puedes tomar una colección de datos, aplicarle algunas operaciones que no se ejecutan de forma inmediata, y acabar con una nueva colección de datos que, al acceder uno de sus elementos, se calcula solo entonces.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo bueno de aquello es poder procesar cada elemento paralelamente, así aprovechandose de varios hilos.  Empiezas con una lista, y al convertirla en un &lt;em&gt;stream&lt;/em&gt;, sigue funcionando básicamente como una lista, hasta que al final la conviertes en algo (que igual puede ser un &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;). Así, en términos técnicos, tal vez lo podríamos llamar una representación perezosa de una lista con procesamiento paralelo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos mantener una jerga fluvial, propondría &lt;strong&gt;catarata&lt;/strong&gt;, porque permite el procesamiento de grandes cantidades de datos, filtrando, aplicando operaciones, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez sería adecuado llamarlo un &lt;strong&gt;curador&lt;/strong&gt;, porque curia la lista de que son oriundos los datos de acuerdo con algunas ciertas indicaciones. No creo que se utilice en otros contextos, aunque &lt;em&gt;curador&lt;/em&gt; como tal tiene varios significados (por formarse tanto de &lt;em&gt;curar&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;curiar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para emplear jerga de fabricación, podríamos llamarlo un &lt;strong&gt;ensamblador&lt;/strong&gt;, porque también funciona como una línea de ensamble: cada elemento se procesa individualmente, de acuerdo con algunos pasos. No obstante, eso podría entrar en conflicto con el &lt;em&gt;lenguaje ensamblador&lt;/em&gt;, que es otra cosa muy distinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T06:54:52.320" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:54:52.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26307" CreationDate="2018-05-19T04:05:11.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;México (Norte) un &lt;em&gt;booty call&lt;/em&gt; es simplemente un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;acostón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; con tu &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cogiamigo(a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, el &lt;em&gt;one night stand&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;acostón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y ya. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, &lt;em&gt;booty call&lt;/em&gt; suele usarse como sustantivo también (&lt;em&gt;I'll see my booty call tonight&lt;/em&gt;) y en este caso directamente se trata de  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cogiamigo (a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;esta noche veré a mi cogiamigo&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El referirse a esto así &quot;directo y sin anestesia&quot; es algo &lt;em&gt;muy del norte&lt;/em&gt; aunque en todo el país se entenderá de lo que se trata sin mayor explicación. Sin embargo es rarísimo que alguien siquiera haga una mención casual al sexo si no es en algún contexto de &lt;em&gt;albur&lt;/em&gt; o de plano  en algún insulto &lt;em&gt;altisonate&lt;/em&gt; o soez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si acaso se hace alguna referencia, sin entrar a detalles de las circunstancias o identidad de los involucrados se usaría cualquier rebuscado eufemismo que esté de moda en en grupo social y región donde uno se encuentre, pero para eufemismos sexuales &quot;nos pintamos&quot; solos en México. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos de estos eufemismos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;palito&lt;/em&gt; (o algo que suene así: &lt;em&gt;paliacate, palenque etc&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner(le)&lt;/em&gt; con alguien ( Le &lt;em&gt;puso&lt;/em&gt; con fulanita(o), Se fue a &lt;em&gt;ponerle&lt;/em&gt; con tal, Le está &lt;em&gt;poniendo&lt;/em&gt; con cuál, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ir a lo &lt;em&gt;oscurito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Treparse al guayabo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cualquier conjugación del verbo &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; donde no se especifique el objeto indirecto sobreentiende por el contexto que se trata de sexo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;algún rebuscado juego de palabras que en contexto implique quedar a solas con otra persona, en este caso no hay reglas y el ingenio para formularios es sorprendente, y hasta hilarante (&quot;fueron a rezar el rosario&quot;, &quot;fui a revisar si se habían cocido los tamales&quot;, &quot;vamos a &lt;em&gt;hacer la tarea&lt;/em&gt;&quot; ...etc&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo basta agregar que se trata de una sola noche u ocasión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo últimamente (90's s. XXI ) se empieza a hablar más abiertamente de sexo fuera de contextos de &lt;em&gt;albur&lt;/em&gt; o como parte de algún insulto que implique incesto (v.gr mandar a alguien a &lt;em&gt;chingar a su madre&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(probablemente en el Caribe Mexicano no sea el caso pues ahí los regionalismos y coloquialismos con frecuencia varían mucho del resto del país)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T05:29:34.520" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T05:29:34.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-19T09:17:54.763" Score="7" ViewCount="308" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NlfD87k&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Macarrónico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido en el DLE como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho del latín: Usado de forma burlesca y defectuosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una lengua distinta del latín: Usada de forma notoriamente incorrecta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero sin ninguna indicación sobre su etimología. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparece ya en textos de principios del siglo XVII, como en el Quijote de Avellaneda (1614):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... avía travado plática, hablándolos en un latín &lt;strong&gt;macarrónico&lt;/strong&gt; y lleno de ... &quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que debería tener alguna relación con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NlaNbG5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;macarrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. dialect. &lt;em&gt;maccarone&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. bizant. &lt;em&gt;μακαρώνεια makarṓneia&lt;/em&gt; 'felicidad para siempre', dicho en las comidas funerarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Pasta alimenticia de harina que tiene forma de canuto más o menos alargado. U. m. en pl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Bollito con azúcar, almendra y otras especias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Tubo delgado, generalmente de plástico flexible y resistente, que se emplea, entre otras cosas, para recubrir cables eléctricos o en tapicería.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Mar. Extremo de las cuadernas que sale fuera de las bordas del buque. U. m. en pl.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no alcanzo a verla, por lo que me pregunto sobre el origen de &lt;strong&gt;macarrónico&lt;/strong&gt; y su &lt;em&gt;posible&lt;/em&gt; relación con &lt;strong&gt;macarrón&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T14:04:30.593" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T12:39:55.873" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;macarrónico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;italiano&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26312" CreationDate="2018-05-19T13:58:23.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu confusión, creo, se debió a que &quot;el&quot; cumple dos funciones gramaticales diferentes.  Simplificando un poquito tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pájaro volaba por &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; espacio; los mosquitos volaban por &lt;strong&gt;él&lt;/strong&gt; también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te fijaste que &quot;el&quot; se usa como artículo pero también como objeto de la preposición &quot;por&quot;.  Notando esta redundancia, se te olvidó que el caso femenino no tiene esta redundancia.  Ahí sería &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Él miraba la luz que entraba por la ventana; consideraba también las moscas que estaban pasando por **ella* al mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hé aquí la tabla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(yo) ............ mí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(tú) ............. tí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(él) ............. él&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(él) ............. ello [&lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(nosotros) .. nos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(vosotros) .. vos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(ustedes) ... ustedes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(ellos) ........ ellos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(ellas) ........ ellas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, la manera más fácil de recordar estos pronombres es con la frase &lt;em&gt;pasar por&lt;/em&gt; _____ .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: ¿Cómo voy a llegar al concierto mañana?  Si mis tíos me van a recoger en auto, entonces se puede decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis tíos van a pasar por mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; no puede ir a un concierto.  &lt;strong&gt;Por ello&lt;/strong&gt; (es decir, por esa razón), hay que usar otro ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;por ello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T04:45:14.783" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T04:45:14.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26316" CreationDate="2018-05-19T14:02:24.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Macarrónico&lt;/em&gt; viene del neolatín &lt;em&gt;macaronicus&lt;/em&gt;, que viene del neapolitano &lt;em&gt;maccarone&lt;/em&gt; (que en esa época, significaba una &lt;em&gt;mezcla&lt;/em&gt; cruda de harina, mantequilla y queso):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The form was first written by Tisi [sic] degli Odassi in the late 15th century and popularized by Teofilo Folengo, a dissolute Benedictine monk who applied Latin rules of form and syntax to an Italian vocabulary in his burlesque epic of chivalry, Baldus (1517; &lt;em&gt;Le maccheronee,&lt;/em&gt; 1927–28). &lt;strong&gt;He described the macaronic as the literary equivalent of the Italian dish, which, in its 16th-century form, was a crude m̲i̲x̲t̲u̲r̲e̲ of flour, butter, and cheese.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.britannica.com/art/macaronic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.britannica.com/art/macaronic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T12:39:55.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2018-05-19T20:30:00.370" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hater&lt;/em&gt; para mí es como decirle a alguien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres una odiosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como también sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eres una presumida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O algo así como: &lt;strong&gt;odiosa&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fachosa&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;presumida&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19476" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-20T14:49:16.327" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T14:49:16.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26322" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un clítico es un elemento gramatical que se escribe como una palabra o partícula átona independiente, pero que en realidad se pronuncia como parte de la palabra anterior o siguiente. &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%ADtico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26323" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso de los pronombres personales átonos &quot;la&quot;, &quot;le&quot; y &quot;lo&quot;. Considera usar también [laísmo-leísmo-loísmo] según qué vayas a preguntar." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T21:13:12.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-19T21:58:02.593" Score="3" ViewCount="4811" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy caminando con mi hijo mayor le iba diciendo los nombres de las calles por las que discurríamos. Y el caso es que por la zona donde vivo hay vías muy similares en cuanto a sus características, pero unas eran calles y otras avenidas. (Sí, hay otros tipos pero estos dos son los más comunes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE dice que una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4Y1msZ9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;avenida&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Camino que conduce a un pueblo o paraje determinado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vía ancha, a veces con árboles a los lados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pegX8v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calle&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vía pública, habitualmente asfaltada o empedrada, entre edificios o solares.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Camino entre dos hileras de árboles o de otras plantas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que está segunda acepción de calle se refiere a caminos fuera de la ciudad, aunque desde luego hay muchas calles con árboles a los lados y no son avenidas. Luego a juzgar por las definiciones, parece que la diferencia está solo en el ancho de la vía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como decía, hay calles y avenidas muy similares donde yo vivo, luego ¿cuál es más técnicamente la diferencia? ¿El ancho de la acera además del de la vía? ¿Que la avenida era en sus inicios caminos que conducían hacia la poblacion? ¿Qué le falta al DLE para ser un poquito más preciso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-09-12T17:08:27.540" Title="¿Qué diferencia una calle de una avenida?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;legislación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-20T03:44:28.920" Score="3" ViewCount="3525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard &quot;OK pues&quot; in hispanoamerican TV. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this similar in nuance to saying in English, &quot;OK then,&quot; to suggest that an agreement has been reached or a meeting is about to conclude (i.e., &quot;I think we're done here&quot;), etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19480" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T14:52:43.733" LastActivityDate="2019-05-01T02:38:08.630" Title="Meaning of &quot;OK pues&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2018-05-20T04:10:30.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Honduras la usan pero solo personas que han cogido calle en vez de estudios. Sin embargo siempre uno que otro de vez en cuando se le escapa la palabra pero ya no es tan tan popular o frecuente, solo utilizada por vagos.&#xA;Preferimos decir &quot;Todo pinta, ¡Qué Pinta!&quot;, &quot;Todo Cheque&quot; o &quot;Macanudo mae&quot; y otras expresiones un poco más toscas como &quot;Pijudo&quot; que significa &quot;Bueno, Excelente&quot; igual que las antes menicionadas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19481" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T04:10:30.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2018-05-20T05:37:27.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de &lt;code&gt;odioso&lt;/code&gt;, como ya han sugerido muchos, me inclino a ir más allá de la traducción literal. Parece que no hay una traducción exacta al español, lo que me invita a introducir algo de filosofía aquí. Quien odia no puede ser feliz, por lo que yo utilizaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amargado/a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es, según mi parecer, quien realmente se comporta como describe el término. Al hacerlo así encontramos, de hecho, muchas más palabras relacionadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;quejoso, quejicas, resentidos/as, heridos/as, etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T05:37:27.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26324" CreationDate="2018-05-20T05:51:21.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí, definitivamente tiene que ver con el ancho de la vía, pero no es lo único. Me explico. Recurriendo al mismo DRAE, etimológicamente, avenida viene de &quot;avenir&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paradójicamente, una de sus acepciones vuelve a remitir a &quot;avenida&quot;, (lo cual es algo frustrante, todo hay que decirlo), pero obviamente se refiere a que miremos la primera acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avenida&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Creciente impetuosa de un río o arroyo.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de avenida como un tipo de calle se debe a la equiparación del flujo de agua (caudal) con el flujo de tráfico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avenida es entonces una &lt;strong&gt;vía principal&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo general  más ancha de las calles. Esto implicaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El grueso del tráfico circula por la avenida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se utiliza la avenida para acceder a las calles secundarias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, no depende de si tiene árboles ni de muchas otras cosas, aunque sí es propensa a ser ancha y larga, pero lo que de verdad determina si una calle es avenida es si es o no una vía principal de tránsito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T05:51:21.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-20T08:14:10.950" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to pronounce the name Unzurrunzaga when I announce a girl for a Debutante Ball.  I have not met her yet, and would like to have a better understanding prior to saying her name.  She is an exchange student.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19483" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T16:33:06.900" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T11:32:43.963" Title="How to pronounce the surname Unzurrunzaga?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;euskera&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2018-05-20T14:10:54.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hater del lenguaje de programación Fantasma, del jugador de fútbol Fulano, del partido Fantasma, etc., por ejemplo &lt;em&gt;Phantasm hater, Joe Smith hater&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anti-Fantasma virulento, anti-Fulano virulento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últimamente Twitter está lleno de &lt;strong&gt;anti-X virulentos&lt;/strong&gt;: cada vez que alguien publica algo sobre el partido X, lo critican sin misericordia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si prefieres algo menos compacto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Últimamente Twitter está lleno de &lt;strong&gt;gente virulentamente anti-X&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Haters gonna hate&quot;: Primero hay que tener claro el significado y uso de esta frase.  Voy a suponer que quieres usar esta frase como se ilustra en &lt;a href=&quot;http://Farlex%20Dictionary%20of%20Idioms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Farlex Dictionary of Idioms&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;slang&lt;/em&gt; There will always be those who criticize anything and everything. The phrase is often used to dismiss such critics while acknowledging that it is no use trying to stop them. &lt;em&gt;I don't enjoy when opposing teams' fans boo me, but, hey, haters gonna hate.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los odiatodo odian todo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inspirado por el &quot;sábelotodo&quot;.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/columnista/los-sabelotodo_209367&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uso ilustrado&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En realidad, los sabelotodo son personas que están seguras de que sus opiniones son correctas, ello en virtud de que ellos mismos son la fuente. Los sabelotodo solo están interesados en sí mismos y solo le prestan atención a segundos o terceros en la medida que estos apoyan su imagen de “estar en lo correcto”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para pronunciar la frase hay que dejar una pequeñita pausa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los odiatodo ... odian todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo, tomado no no me acuerdo cuál diccionario (creo Collins):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The guy is just a hater, looking for a fight.&lt;/em&gt; | Es un odiotodo.  Nomás busca pleito. [No le hagas caso.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-20T22:09:28.573" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T22:09:28.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21963" CreationDate="2018-05-20T14:58:23.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además del ciervo y los marsupiales, el weta y los dinosaurios ya mencionados, hay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Peces&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wallago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wara Wara&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Anfibios&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wetlugasaurus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Réptiles&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.naturalista.mx/taxa/35307-Ctenosaura-oedirhina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wishywilly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/44181/0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wishiwilly del suampo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://laberintoenextincion.blogspot.co.uk/2009/10/piton-woma-aspidites-ramsayi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Woma&lt;/a&gt; (tb. Pitón woma, Pitón de Ramsay)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UHDWz6LkfYMC&amp;amp;pg=PA92&amp;amp;dq=Wualu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wualu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=pVcgAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=wayapopi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wayapopi [harra]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mamíferos:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Watusi (tb. Ankole-Watusi, Ankole)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wanderoo (tb. uanderú, sileno, macaco de cola de león, mono león, mono barbudo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marsupiales:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wongai ningaui&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wallaby de Bennet (tb. ualabí de cuello rojo, ualabí de Bennet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Dinosaurios:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wannanosaurus (&lt;em&gt;wananosaurio&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wendiceratops&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wiehenvenator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Willinakaqe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wintonotitan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wulagasaurus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wulatelong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wadhurstia – sinónimo junior de Hypselospinus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Walkeria&quot; – nombre preocupado, actualmente Alwalkeria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Walkersaurus&quot; – &lt;em&gt;nomen nudum&lt;/em&gt;; Duriavenator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Wangonisaurus&quot; – &lt;em&gt;nomen nudum&lt;/em&gt;, probablemente Giraffatitan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Wyomingraptor&quot; – &lt;em&gt;nomen nudum&lt;/em&gt;, probablemente alosaurio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aves:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wellnhoferia – ave, posiblemente un sinónimo junior de Archaeopteryx&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wyleyia – probablemente un ave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aves modernas:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wirapuru (tb. Wira-Purú, Vyra-Purú o Uirapuru)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wonga (Paloma wonga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Weka (Rascón weka)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tesoro.pr/lema/wacamayo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wacamayo&lt;/a&gt; (tb. guacamayo, wacamaya, guacamaya)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:G%C3%A9neros_v%C3%A1lidos_de_dinosaurios#W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Géneros_válidos_de_dinosaurios#W&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:G%C3%A9neros_dudosos_de_dinosaurios#W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Géneros_dudosos_de_dinosaurios#W&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:G%C3%A9neros_sin%C3%B3nimos_de_dinosaurios#W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Géneros_sinónimos_de_dinosaurios#W&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:G%C3%A9neros_inv%C3%A1lidos_de_dinosaurios#W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Géneros_inválidos_de_dinosaurios#W&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nombres_en_castellano_de_las_aves_del_mundo_recomendados_por_la_Sociedad_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Ornitolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Nombres_en_castellano_de_las_aves_del_mundo_recomendados_por_la_Sociedad_Española_de_Ornitología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-20T19:31:58.747" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T19:31:58.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-20T20:49:14.110" Score="0" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna de estas frases es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;breves instantes que se subsiguieron al...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;breves instantes que se le subsiguieron al...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;breves instantes que le subsiguieron al...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien ninguna es correcta. Casi no encuentro ejemplos del uso de &quot;subsiguieron&quot; en internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero formar la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el escuadrón veintidós dejó de existir en los breves instantes que se subsiguieron al apagón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy al tanto de lo rebuscado que puede sonar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19489" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T10:57:36.433" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T11:42:04.463" Title="¿Es correcta la frase &quot;breves instantes que se subsiguieron al...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26338" CreationDate="2018-05-20T22:19:20.307" Score="4" ViewCount="3095" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este fin de semana he tenido conversaciones que pueden dar para varias preguntas, así que vamos allá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empezamos por un descubrimiento curioso. En una de dichas conversaciones surgió la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8tUu95T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chisme&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que básicamente es sinónimo de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B8zW99j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cotilleo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6W3NjZG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cacharro&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (se usó en el primer sentido mencionado). Cuando fui al diccionario a consultar su significado exacto, al final lo que me sorprendió más fue su etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;schisma&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;σχίσμα schísma&lt;/em&gt; 'escisión, separación'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, wait, yo conozco otra palabra que me juego lo que quieras a que tiene la misma etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9Lbbywe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cisma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;schisma&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;σχίσμα schísma&lt;/em&gt; 'escisión,&#xA;  separación'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. División o separación en el seno de una iglesia o religión. Era u. t. c. f.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Escisión, discordia, desavenencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última palabra tiene mucho más sentido que tenga la etimología que tiene, dado que su significado es prácticamente el original. Pero como sabemos, los caminos de la lengua son inescrutables. Así que tratemos de escrutarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo dio origen la palabra &quot;cisma&quot; a la palabra &quot;chisme&quot;, cuyas dos acepciones son coloquiales? ¿Cuándo se originó esta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T06:44:50.903" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T03:59:06.730" Title="Origen de la palabra &quot;chisme&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2018-05-20T23:40:28.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;poco ético&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ético&lt;/strong&gt;: 1 Que pertenece o concierne a la &lt;strong&gt;ética&lt;/strong&gt;; 2 Que obedece a los principios que definen la buena conducta y la convivencia. &lt;strong&gt;L ética&lt;/strong&gt;: Conjunto de principios que determinan la conducta, especialmente la que se considera apropiada o moral. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A9tica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y: sin ética,  falto de ética, contrario a la ética, carente de ética, desprovisto de ética,  indebido, contra la ética, antiética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-20T23:40:28.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26336" CreationDate="2018-05-21T06:11:19.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que en este caso Covarrubias tiene la solución, dado que en su definición de &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; se quedó bastante a gusto (grafías adaptadas para mejorar la comprensión lectora):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CHISME, y chismeria. Chismoso, el que va con nuevas a otro de cosa que deviera callarla, por aversela fiado, y ser secreta, y dicha en perjuycio de la persona a quien lo revela, de que ha de tomar desgusto, y lo cuenta con malicia para rebolver y causar diferencias; y assi refiere las cosas por el peor termino que puede. Estos son ciçañeros, que siembran discordias entre los hermanos; ministros de Satanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y tras haberse quedado tranquilo, comienza a disertar sobre las posibles etimologías. Una de ellas hace referencia a la que ahora está aceptada por la RAE, y que demuestra que @aparente no iba desencaminado con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/9385/aparente001&quot;&gt;su comentario&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chisme se pudo dezir del nombre Griego, schisma.atis, que vale discordia, y dissension, porque el chismoso no pretende otra cosa, como hemos dicho arriba: o sea del sonido que haze hablando a la oreja, porque los circunstantes no perciben sino el sonido de chis, chis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la etimología proveniente del griego tendría un doble motivo: el de causar un cisma entre las personas, y a la vez onomatopéyico (el sonido &lt;em&gt;chis, chis&lt;/em&gt; también es mencionado por Covarrubias en otras palabras que implican una transmisión de sonido, como &lt;em&gt;chiste&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que si nos vamos a 1495, Nebrija en su diccionario español-latino decide traducir &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; no al latino, sino al griego:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chisme en griego. schisma.atis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya en 1516 se encuentran otras acepciones, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chisme o chinche. cimer.cimicis.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Chisme o chismeria. nuge.arum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, al parecer &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; era sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;chinche&lt;/em&gt; hacia el siglo XVI. De hecho Percival en 1591 solo da para &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; la misma acepción que para &lt;em&gt;chinche&lt;/em&gt;, aunque también incluye &lt;em&gt;chismería&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;trifles&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;chisma&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;a schisme&lt;/em&gt;). Comenzando el siglo XVII algunos diccionarios aparte del de Covarrubias ya recogen para &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt; la traducción al francés como &lt;em&gt;bourde, baverie, gaberies, rapport, frivoles&lt;/em&gt;, indicando que se dice así por el sentido de &lt;em&gt;división&lt;/em&gt; que tiene &lt;em&gt;schisma&lt;/em&gt;, y de hecho &lt;em&gt;chismero&lt;/em&gt; lo definen como &lt;em&gt;sembrador de discordia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE los primeros casos son del siglo XV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E fázenles mantener lo que dixieren e pusieren e a fablar todavía verdat. E non les abezen fin consientan ser chismeros o acusadores d'otro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enrique de Villena, &quot;Arte cisoria&quot;, 1423 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el uso de &lt;em&gt;chismeros&lt;/em&gt;: generadores de cismas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T03:59:06.730" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T03:59:06.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-21T06:44:20.927" Score="4" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una vez planteado el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26336/12637&quot;&gt;origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, tras comentar que se puede equiparar a la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18017/12637&quot;&gt;cotilleo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; me entró curiosidad también por ver de dónde viene esta. El resultado fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B90oWzN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cotilleo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Acción y efecto de cotillear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que nos vamos a verbo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B8zW99j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cotillear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro pasito más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B8woJee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cotilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de &lt;em&gt;cota&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ajustador que usaban las mujeres, formado de lienzo o seda y de ballenas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona amiga de chismes y cuentos. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí ya advertimos que &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt; tiene una primera acepción que no tiene que ver con el significado figurado. De hecho, en el siguiente paso ya perdemos la pista:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B82EvYA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cota&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. ant. &lt;em&gt;cote&lt;/em&gt;, y este del franco &lt;em&gt;*kotta&lt;/em&gt; 'paño basto de lana';&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;cf.&lt;/em&gt; al. &lt;em&gt;Kotze, Kutte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Arma defensiva del cuerpo usada antiguamente, que en un principio era de cuero y guarnecida de cabezas de clavos o anillos de hierro, y más tarde, de mallas de hierro entrelazadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Vestidura que llevaban los reyes de armas en las funciones públicas, sobre la cual estaban bordados los escudos reales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cineg. Piel callosa que cubre la espaldilla y costillares del jabalí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mil. Fortaleza que hacían los indígenas filipinos con troncos de árboles revestidos de tierra y piedras menudas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. desus. jubón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la palabra debió de surgir a partir de la acepción de &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt; como prenda de vestir, pero en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; no vemos más acepción que esa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;COTILLA. s.f. Jubón sin mangas hecho de dos telas, embutido con barba de ballena, y pespuntado, sobre el qual se visten las mugeres el jubón ò casaca, y trahen ajustado el cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuándo adquirió la palabra &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt; su acepción coloquial? ¿Cómo adquirió dicho significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T06:50:25.983" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T22:37:22.963" Title="Origen de la palabra &quot;cotilla&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2018-05-21T10:40:43.140" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Rule of thumb:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;small bird  = pájaro &lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(general term for any bird)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;large bird  = ave &lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(scientific/poetic term for any bird)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pájaro&lt;/strong&gt; is the more common word, and is usually reserved for small flighted birds. Though you can use &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; to refer to a larger bird too, it may sound something analogous to calling a shark a fish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ave&lt;/strong&gt; on the other hand has a scientific or poetic flavour to it, and is usually reserved outside of these contexts for all birds that one wouldn't call a &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; i.e. large birds or flightless birds e.g. an eagle or penguin. Calling a starling, for example, an &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; might sound akin to referring to a dog as 'the mammal'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Zoological definitions&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scientifically, &lt;em&gt;Ave&lt;/em&gt; refers to any animal in the class of birds (i.e. one of the 5 classical divisions of the vertebrate animal kingdom: Mammals (Mammalia), reptiles (Reptilia), birds (Aves), fish (Pisces), amphibians (Amphibia)), and thus any bird is referred to as an &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt;. As such, it is used in the names for most groups of birds and some common names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/doDas.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/doDas.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pájaro&lt;/em&gt;, in a zoological context, refers specifically to passerines (&lt;em&gt;Passeriformes&lt;/em&gt;) - the largest order of birds, encompassing over half of all species. They're characterised by their toes (three pointing forward and one back), and are more or less synonymous with 'perching bird' (or, somewhat less accurately, 'songbird'):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Passeriformes-01v01.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the near-passerine birds &lt;em&gt;Picadae&lt;/em&gt; (Woodpeckers etc) are also called &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pájaros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;carpinteros&lt;/em&gt; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;El Pájaro Loco&lt;/em&gt;). Like true passerines they are tree dwelling birds but have zygodactyl feet - 2 front facing toes and two back facing toes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Occasionally pájaro is also used in the common names of birds e.g. &lt;em&gt;el pájaro ratón, [pájaro] dodo, pájaros [cantores]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Historical use&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As is apparent from their etymologies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;pássaro&lt;/em&gt; ← *&lt;em&gt;passaru&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;code&gt;Lat.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;passer&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;sparrow&amp;quot;) ← &lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;p(e)t-tro-&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;who flies, bird&amp;quot;) ← *&lt;em&gt;peth₂-&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;to fly&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;code&gt;Lat.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;avis, avem&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;bird&amp;quot;) ← &lt;code&gt;PI&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;awis&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;h₂éwis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;historically, &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; was the common word for any bird, and &lt;em&gt;pássaro/pájaro&lt;/em&gt; was reserved for small birds. However with time, &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; metonymically came to take on the meaning for any bird as well, with &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; retreating somewhat to a more scientific gamut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Regional differences&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to these overlapping definitions and usages (and the huge variety in native bird populations in different hispanophone countries), different dialects of Spanish may use different terms for the same bird e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ostriches&lt;/strong&gt; - normally referred to as &lt;em&gt;aves&lt;/em&gt; (note their name: &lt;em&gt;avestruz&lt;/em&gt;), sometimes referred to as &lt;em&gt;pájaro avestruz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Penguins&lt;/strong&gt; - again normally referred to as &lt;em&gt;aves&lt;/em&gt;, sometimes referred to as &lt;em&gt;pájaros bobos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ducks&lt;/strong&gt; - called &lt;em&gt;pájaros&lt;/em&gt; in some regions due to their size; called &lt;em&gt;aves&lt;/em&gt; in others due to their being poultry (&lt;em&gt;aves de corral&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aves&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aves&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1jaro_(desambiguaci%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pájaro_(desambiguación)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passeriformes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passeriformes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=p%C3%A1ssaro%2Bpassaro%2Bp%C3%A1xaro%2Bpaxaro%2Bp%C3%A1jaro%2Bpajaro%2Cave&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams: pássaro / passaro / páxaro / paxaro / pájaro / pajaro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=ave&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?w=ave&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=p%C3%A1jaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?w=pájaro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T13:49:49.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2018-05-21T10:45:15.013" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; are two opposite ends of a scale where you can place any bird. As you go from end to the other, your calling that bird &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; will signal more or less of certain features. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ave&lt;/em&gt; is more formal than &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt;. Biologists and science books use &lt;em&gt;ave&lt;/em&gt; when speaking generically or without giving specific details, for all the members of the zoological class &lt;em&gt;Aves&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pájaro&lt;/em&gt; is mostly associated with flight. You probably won't hear penguins referred to as &lt;em&gt;pájaros&lt;/em&gt;. If you need to describe them you'd probably say &lt;em&gt;aves no voladoras&lt;/em&gt;. Some instead call them &lt;em&gt;pájaros bobos&lt;/em&gt; (literally &quot;dumb/clumsy birds&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, &lt;em&gt;pájaro&lt;/em&gt; is associated with the typical shape of flying birds and with their typical size. Penguins (especially the more stereotypical species) are comparatively large, they are clumsy and clearly don't look like they can fly. Ducks and geese are also, for this reason, not commonly called &lt;em&gt;pájaros&lt;/em&gt; (they can fly but they are mostly seen as water birds and they sure look clumsy).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ave&lt;/em&gt; admits certain modifiers. &lt;em&gt;Ave rapaz&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;bird of prey&quot;), &lt;em&gt;ave de carroña&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;carrion bird&quot;), &lt;em&gt;ave acuática&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;aquatic bird&quot;), etc. are more-or-less common terms that you can use even in informal speech to refer to or describe certain birds. &lt;em&gt;Pájaro&lt;/em&gt;, on the other hand, does not admit these; you'll mostly qualify it using common adjetives related to color, size, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T11:09:34.953" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T11:09:34.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26335" CreationDate="2018-05-21T10:45:19.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=YZP2zZM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;subseguir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; está registrado en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una cosa: Seguir inmediatamente a otra. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, su uso es marginal y añade un innecesario nivel de complicación a lo que quieres decir. Por ejemplo, si buscamos en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24314/1674&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; vemos apenas 14 usos de la palabra &lt;em&gt;subseguir&lt;/em&gt;, tal cual, en los últimos siglos. La única entrada de este siglo menciona algo así como &lt;em&gt;... importante para el diagnóstico. La colangitis puede subseguir a la obstrucción del colédoco, en cuyo caso...&lt;/em&gt; Esto es, pertenece a un lenguaje harto técnico. En el CREA no encuentro nada y en el Corpes (desde 2001) dos entradas, de textos de Argentina (texto historico) y Venezuela (texto médico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y en pos de la claridad, yo diría algo tan simple como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el escuadrón veintidós dejó de existir en los breves instantes que  &lt;strong&gt;siguieron&lt;/strong&gt; al apagón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T10:55:56.533" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T10:55:56.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26344" CreationDate="2018-05-21T14:30:55.963" Score="6" ViewCount="1941" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180521/443748016974/forza-italia-enric-juliana-albert-rivera-ciudadanos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Berlusconi irrumpió en política rompiendo los atriles. El magnate se paseaba por el escenario con un micro inalámbrico como si estuviera en un plató de televisión. ¡Populista!, gritaban sus adversarios, &lt;strong&gt;ignaros&lt;/strong&gt; de la novedad histórica que tenían ante sus narices. La televisión se iba a comer la política. Y después vendría internet. En eso estamos. Toda la política es hoy formato televisivo, encapsulado para la red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DLE veo que efectivamente esta palabra existe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KvdESnk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ignaro, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. ignārus.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que no tiene noticia de las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero nunca la había oído y en este mismo contexto siempre había dicho &lt;em&gt;desconocedores&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ignorantes&lt;/em&gt; (en su acepción primigenia de desconocer algo, no la peyorativa de no saber nada de nada).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ello, me pregunto: ¿en qué contextos se puede utilizar? ¿Qué tan común es? ¿Cuál es su etimología?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T20:42:04.927" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;ignaro&quot;? ¿Cómo se construye?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26343" CreationDate="2018-05-21T14:51:28.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice la entrada de la RAE, viene del latín &lt;em&gt;ignārus&lt;/em&gt;, es un sinónimo perfecto de &lt;em&gt;ignorante&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; īgnōrante / īgnōrantī &amp;lt; īgnōrāns&amp;lt; īgnōrō &amp;lt; īgnārus), y, por &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=ignaro%2Bignara%2Cignorante&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google ngrams&lt;/a&gt;, parece muy poco común. Aún en el siglo XVIII los diccionarios dicen que era&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Lo mismo que Ignorante. &lt;strong&gt;En voz de raro uso.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Autoridades, 1734&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T14:51:28.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2018-05-21T18:04:56.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren las expresiones &quot;supuesto delito&quot;, &quot;así llamado delito&quot;, &quot;presunto delito&quot;, hasta &quot;titulado delito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tienes algún ejemplo de tu expresión objetivo en alguna otra lengua?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T18:04:56.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26307" CreationDate="2018-05-21T18:14:32.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;conozco varios terminos aplicables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el levante (de levantar, algo como &lt;em&gt;to thrill someone&lt;/em&gt;) / el levante de una noche&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el/un ratico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una comida&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la tirada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amigo con derechos / amigo especial (o amiga)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el revuelque&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un huevito / un polvo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ligar se entiende bien, pero tiene una connotación notoriamente de España, si tu intención es no parecer como tal, puedes utilizar alguno de los términos de arriba, aunque, sin duda habrá para quienes también sean regionalismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T18:14:32.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26302" CreationDate="2018-05-21T19:29:26.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Every other day&lt;/em&gt; tiene traducción completa en la expresión &quot;día de por medio&quot;, o en &quot;un día y otro no&quot;, o hasta &quot;días alternos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según parece, se podría formar la palabra bidial con el sentido que quieres expresar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T19:29:26.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-21T19:47:42.137" Score="5" ViewCount="2733" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8sZ7eQA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chirona&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece en el DLE como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;cárcel&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ local de reclusión de presos). &lt;em&gt;Meter, estar en chirona.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En el CORDE aparece por primera vez en 1799 (Luis Gutiérrez: Cornelia Bororquia. Historia verídica de la Judith española):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su ilustrísima me la ha metido en &lt;strong&gt;chirona&lt;/strong&gt;, y me la tendrá alli hasta sabe Dios cuando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Consultando el NTLLE veo que aparece por primera vez en el diccionario de Salvá (1846):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f  fam. La cárcel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sobre su etimología:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;el DRAE de 1899 y el diccionario de Pagés de 1904 indican que proviene de &lt;em&gt;encerrona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;el DRAE de 1914 y el diccionario de Alemany y Bouffer (1917) ya no son tan categóricos: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;quizá&lt;/strong&gt; de &lt;em&gt;encerrona&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;los restantes diccionarios (anteriores y posteriores) accesibles por el NTLLE en que figura omiten cualquier indicación a su orígen.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?chirona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; apunta a una relación con Gerona (en catalán Girona), que se pronunciaría más o menos como &quot;yirona&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://definiciona.com/chirona/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Definiciona.com&lt;/a&gt; indica que es de etimología incierta.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda pues la duda: ¿de dónde procede? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T20:03:28.787" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T09:31:15.073" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;chirona&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26351" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-21T21:56:29.337" Score="5" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K02yR30&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hambre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la expresión &lt;strong&gt;hambre de tres semanas&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. U. cuando alguien, por puro melindre, muestra repugnancia a ciertos alimentos, o no quiere comer a sus horas, por estar ya satisfecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que no parece tener mucho sentido. ¿Cómo se explica ese extraño significado, que aparece por primera vez en el DLE de &lt;strong&gt;1803&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recogiendo opiniones de los comentarios:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La asociación natural de &quot;&lt;em&gt;hambre de tres semanas&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es con &quot;&lt;em&gt;mucha hambre&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, como en el refrán &quot;A pan de quince días, &lt;strong&gt;hambre de tres semanas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y en su variante &quot;A pan de quince días, &lt;strong&gt;hambre de dos semanas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=58104&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;), pero el significado que recoge el DLE para &quot;hambre de tres semanas&quot; es, como señala @DavyM, totalmente diferente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T17:38:20.597" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T17:38:20.597" Title="Significado de &quot;hambre de tres semanas&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16545" CreationDate="2018-05-21T22:23:49.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may come to most Americans as a shock, but to the Colombians, the term &quot;campesino&quot; literally means &quot;peasant.&quot;  Campesinos more or less are landless peasants that are tied to the land by custom and tradition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19500" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T23:05:11.547" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T23:05:11.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26023" CreationDate="2018-05-22T05:19:04.493" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is that the elision rule turns &quot;del archipiélago&quot; into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de larchipiélago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T05:19:04.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26351" CreationDate="2018-05-22T05:23:43.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se explica fácilmente, sobre todo si has tenido una abuela que te decía esa frase (o alguna de corte similar). Cuando una abuela te pone comida en el plato, espera que te lo comas todo. Si te pones melindroso y empiezas a apartar comida, te dirá algo así como que &quot;tú lo que necesitas es hambre de tres semanas&quot;, es decir, que si realmente tuvieras hambre no te pondrías tan melindroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, es brutal la de años que tiene el dicho. Se recoge hasta en refraneros del siglo XV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A pan de quinze dias, hambre de tres semanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marqués de Santillana (Íñigo López de Mendoza), &quot;Refranes que dizen las viejas tras el fuego&quot;, a1454 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión es prima hermana de esta otra, también muy de abuela:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A buen hambre no hay pan malo/duro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya recogida en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; del siglo XVIII, que viene a significar lo mismo: que la necesidad grande no repara en melindres. Versión de Covarrubias: &quot;A grande hambre no ay pan malo&quot;, el cual también recoge la frase que nos ocupa, aunque no da más explicaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pan duro diente agudo, o hambre de tres semanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T05:29:43.723" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T05:29:43.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26355" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-22T06:29:24.023" Score="4" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una vez preguntado por el &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26336/12637&quot;&gt;origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;chisme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, toca explicar sobre qué fue la conversación. Resulta que el chisme contaba que cierta persona del barrio solía &lt;em&gt;tirarle los tejos&lt;/em&gt; a mi abuelo materno. Y claro, entonces pensé &quot;qué bien, otra expresión curiosa para buscar su origen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE define la expresión como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKqOe21#7czED1B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tirar los tejos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Poner los puntos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Insinuarle a alguien el interés que se tiene puesto en él, o manifestarle indirectamente lo que de él se espera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy bien, pero ¿qué es un &lt;em&gt;tejo&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Y por qué hay que tirarlo para intentar ligar con alguien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKqOe21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Pedazo pequeño de teja o cosa semejante, que se utiliza en diversos juegos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cada uno de los juegos en que se emplea el tejo, como la rayuela o el chito.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien, parece que la cosa va de juegos, y efectivamente así &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/cual-es-el-origen-de-la-expresion-tirar-los-tejos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo confirma Alfred López en su blog&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de esta expresión proviene de un antiguo juego llamado el &lt;strong&gt;tejo&lt;/strong&gt;, que consistía en tirar una piedra o trozo de teja [...] contra un palo de madera clavado/depositado en el suelo y cuyo objetivo era derribarlo. Normalmente se jugaba en plazas o parques públicos y en los que mientras unos jugaban otras personas paseaban o estaban sentadas en algún banco cercano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era usual que, cuando a algún muchacho le gustaba una de las chicas que por allí se encontraban, tirase el tejo a una distancia cercana de donde estaba ésta y, con la excusa de ir a recogerlo, aprovechase para insinuarse, charlar o hacerle ver su interés por ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy bien, la explicación parece plausible, pero hay algo que no me cuadra. Hay referencias del juego del tejo en textos hasta del siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ver a las mil maravillas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  los juegos que allí s'armavan: [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Oras a hurta el capote,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oras a daca el ovillo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oras asconde 'll orillo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oras a dile más diote,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oras a hinca el picote&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oras a passa morato,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y a la chueca y al garrote,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y al tejo y a guarda el hato.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bartolomé de Torres Naharro, &quot;Comedia Jacinta [Propaladia]&quot;, 1517 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de hecho las acepciones mencionadas de &lt;em&gt;tejo&lt;/em&gt; aparecen ya en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;. En cambio, solo encuentro casos de la expresión &lt;em&gt;tirar los tejos&lt;/em&gt; en textos a partir de 1970 en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No, no era mala para novia la Media Almendra pero era poco para él y nunca le tiró los tejos del amor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio Díaz-Cañabate, &quot;Paseíllo por el planeta de los toros&quot;, 1970 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece un salto muy grande como para que la expresión se haya popularizado de la forma en la que afirma Alfred López, dado que por lo que cuenta parecería que se haya usado así desde hace siglos. Sin embargo, la primera acepción coloquial de &lt;em&gt;tirar los tejos&lt;/em&gt; se recoge en el DLE en 1956:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tirar los tejos.&lt;/strong&gt; fr. fig. y fam. &lt;strong&gt;Poner los puntos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de esta última es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UgMIq14#C8ewjsH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poner los puntos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Dirigir la mira, intención o conato a un fin que se desea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, parece que tiene su origen más en la acción de apuntar con la piedra o tejo a un objetivo, que a la picardía de tirar el tejo en la dirección &quot;equivocada&quot; con intenciones insinuatorias. De hecho, la acepción de insinuarse a una persona se recoge por primera vez en el &lt;em&gt;Academia Manual&lt;/em&gt; de 1985. Tal vez por eso la expresión se usa en el ejemplo de 1970 como &quot;tirar los tejos del amor&quot;, con esa necesidad de aclarar que son &quot;del amor&quot; y no de otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en principio la historia que cuenta Alfred es muy bonita pero no parece cierta. ¿O sí? ¿Se me escapa algo? ¿Hay algún uso de la expresión &quot;tirar los tejos&quot; o similar antes del siglo XX, que pueda hacer pensar que la historia es cierta? ¿O realmente la expresión se originó primero como sinónimo relativamente reciente de &quot;poner el punto de mira en algo&quot; de forma más genérica, y ya de ahí saltó al terreno amoroso? Me cuesta trabajo pensar que la expresión venga de antiguo y solo se transmitiera de forma oral hasta bien avanzado el siglo XX. ¿Tal vez he malinterpretado el artículo y el origen es el que afirma Alfred pero es mucho más reciente de lo que aparenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T06:48:14.240" LastActivityDate="2020-11-26T13:04:33.123" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;tirar los tejos&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26355" CreationDate="2018-05-22T07:43:43.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que haya referencias de que el juego date del siglo XVI (yo diría incluso que posiblemente antes) no quiere decir que originase la expresión en esa época.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La locución, evidentemente, es mucho más moderna (la situaría hacia finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX) pero es consecuencia directa de ese juego. Además siempre tardan muchas décadas en ser registradas las expresiones populares en los diccionarios (hasta que no son de uso muy común y popular). Podría darte docenas de ejemplos de palabras y frases que usamos habitualmente y que no aparecen recogidas en los diccionarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19503" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T08:40:43.007" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:40:43.007" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26350" CreationDate="2018-05-22T08:30:43.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues está la cosa complicada. No voy a poder dar una respuesta a tu pregunta pero no podía dejar de escribir lo poco que he encontrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, aclarar que, efectivamente, la expresión se registra por primera vez en 1799 en el CORDE. En la hemeroteca de la BNE no hay casos anteriores a ese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Fichero General&lt;/em&gt;, que suele ser mi último recurso, apenas contiene un par de fichas con comentarios interesantes. Una ficha afirma que la palabra viene de la germanía, aunque el diccionario no lo recoja así. La otra dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El señor J. Corominas, a quien consideramos autoridad máxima en materia etimológica, dice que es palabra de origen desconocido y que no la ha encontrado &quot;ni en los diccionarios portugueses o en vocabularios de andaluismos o americanismos&quot;. Ante tal incertidumbre nos atrevemos a preguntar: vendrá acaso de &lt;em&gt;chirinola&lt;/em&gt; que en Cervantes es &quot;junta de rufianes&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro la definición mencionada para &lt;em&gt;chirinola&lt;/em&gt; en el Diccionario de Autoridades, en todo caso. Una última ficha encuentro que afirma que &lt;em&gt;chirona&lt;/em&gt; a veces significa &quot;cama&quot;, y &lt;em&gt;meterse en chirona&lt;/em&gt; sería pues &quot;acostarse&quot;. Tampoco sé lo que tendrá esta afirmación de verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T08:30:43.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26359" CreationDate="2018-05-22T09:35:16.090" Score="6" ViewCount="846" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE nos dice que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8wy33KW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chocolate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Etimología discutida; cf. náhuatl xocoatl, de xoco 'amargo' y atl 'agua'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pasta hecha con cacao y azúcar molidos, a la que generalmente se añade canela o vainilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Bebida que se hace de chocolate desleído y cocido en agua o en leche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. hachís.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos, define la etimología como discutida. Sea como fuere, suponiendo que efectivamente &lt;em&gt;chocolate&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;xocoatl&lt;/em&gt;, ¿cuál fue el recorrido fonológico para pasar de una a otra? ¿Por qué no decimos &lt;em&gt;chocoate&lt;/em&gt; por ejemplo? En particular, me interesa saber cómo y cuándo apareció la &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; intercalada (lo de por qué dudo que se sepa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el NTLLE me encuentro con entradas de 1609 que ya hablan de &lt;em&gt;chocolate&lt;/em&gt;. Teniendo en cuenta que se &amp;quot;descubrió&amp;quot; a ojos españoles en el siglo XVI con la llegada de Colón a América, no observo demasiado margen de tiempo para ir evolucionando el vocablo desde su supuesta raíz náhuatl al vocablo &amp;quot;definitivo&amp;quot; en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T22:49:08.803" Title="¿Cómo se convirtió el &quot;xocoatl&quot; del náhuatl en &quot;chocolate&quot;? ¿Es esta su etimología real?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;náhuatl&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26358" CreationDate="2018-05-22T10:11:14.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según los diccionarios etimológicos ingleses, falta una &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; ahí en medio. Te cito primero el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chocolate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Spanish, from Nahuatl &lt;em&gt;chocolātl&lt;/em&gt;, probably an alteration of eastern Nahuatl dialect &lt;em&gt;chikolātl&lt;/em&gt;, from &lt;em&gt;chikolli&lt;/em&gt; hook (probably used to refer to the beater used to mix chocolate with water) + &lt;em&gt;ātl&lt;/em&gt; water, liquid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a continuación la web de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/chocolate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etymonline&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. 1600, from Mexican Spanish &lt;em&gt;chocolate&lt;/em&gt;, from Nahuatl (Aztecan) &lt;em&gt;chocola-tl&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;chocolate,&quot; and/or &lt;em&gt;cacahua-tl&lt;/em&gt; &quot;chocolate, chocolate bean.&quot; With &lt;em&gt;a-tl&lt;/em&gt; &quot;water.&quot; In the first form, the first element might be related to &lt;em&gt;xocalia&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to make something bitter or sour&quot; [Karttunen]. Made with cold water by the Aztecs, with hot water by the Conquistadors, and the European forms of the word might have been influenced by Mayan &lt;em&gt;chocol&lt;/em&gt; &quot;hot.&quot; Brought to Spain by 1520, from there it spread to the rest of Europe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, las etimologías difieren ligeramente pero ambas coinciden en colocar una &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; intermedia (&lt;em&gt;chocolātl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chocola-tl&lt;/em&gt;) que explicaría la pronunciación actual. Otra explicación la da la web italiana &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etimo.it/?term=cioccolatte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimo.it&lt;/a&gt; (traduzco):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los etimologistas españoles se decantan por CHOCO &lt;em&gt;cacao&lt;/em&gt; y LATUL &lt;em&gt;agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también menciona la palabra XOCOATL como posible origen. De hecho esta explicación de &lt;em&gt;choco&lt;/em&gt; (cacao) y &lt;em&gt;latl&lt;/em&gt; (agua) también aparece en el DLE de 1914, tras decir que viene del mejicano &lt;em&gt;chocolatl&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, el &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico&lt;/em&gt; de Corominas dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;h. 1580. Palabra de origen azteca, pero de formación incierta. Como las noticias más antiguas acerca de la preparación de este brebaje son de que los antiguos mejicanos lo hacían con semilla de ceiba (&lt;em&gt;póchotl&lt;/em&gt;) y de cacao (&lt;em&gt;cacauatl&lt;/em&gt;), quizá provenga de &lt;em&gt;pocho-cacaua-atl&lt;/em&gt; 'bebida de cacao y ceiba', abreviado por los españoles en &lt;em&gt;*chocauatl&lt;/em&gt; (en la forma actual pudo haber influjo fonético de otros brebajes mejicanos, como &lt;em&gt;poçolatl&lt;/em&gt; 'bebida de maíz cocido', &lt;em&gt;pinolatl&lt;/em&gt; 'bebida de pinole', &lt;em&gt;chilatl&lt;/em&gt; 'bebida de chile').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T22:49:08.803" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T22:49:08.803" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25820" CreationDate="2018-05-22T11:34:05.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La etimología hace referencia a la forma femenina porque su significado original, según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, era en femenino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TUNA. [...] vida holgazana, libre, y vagamunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí se derivan (y no al revés) otras palabras como &lt;em&gt;tunar&lt;/em&gt; 'andar vagando en vida holgazana y libre', y &lt;em&gt;tunante&lt;/em&gt; 'el que tuna'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No da explicación sobre su origen, cosa que sí hace Corominas, aunque como verás es exactamente la misma que aparece en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del antiguo argot francés &lt;em&gt;tune&lt;/em&gt; 'hospicio de los mendigos', 'limosna', 1628, propte. 'la mendicidad'. Éste deriva del nombre del &lt;em&gt;Roi de Thunes&lt;/em&gt;, 1628, o jefe de los vagabundos franceses, a quien se dio este nombre de 'Rey de Túnez', por alusión al de 'Duque del Bajo Egipto' que se hacía dar el jefe de los gitanos, cuando sus bandas llegaron por primera vez a París en 1427.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/tune&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web del CNRTL&lt;/a&gt; se comenta sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;tune&lt;/em&gt; en francés que su etimología es rechazada por algunos, que proponen que deriva del galo-romano &lt;em&gt;*tutina&lt;/em&gt;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;tutari&lt;/em&gt; 'proteger; protegerse (de un peligro: hambre, frío)', de ahí la noción de limosna que consiste esencialmente en pan, o en épocas más modernas en una moneda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T11:34:05.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26366" CreationDate="2018-05-22T12:05:45.577" Score="2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en la ortografía de Nebrija:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DIFINICION QUARTA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Que la Muda es Letra que ſe forma en tal parte de la boca que ni poco ni mucho puede ſonar por eſtàr cerrados los lugares por donde avìa de ſalir aquella boz&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;strong&gt;como la B, i la P, que no pueden por sì ſonar por eſtàr los bezos apretados&lt;/strong&gt; : la T, i la D, por eſtàr la lengua atraveſada entre las (helgaduras) de los dientes : la C, i la G, por eſtàr la Campanilla (traveſada) en el (gargavero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La negrita es mía. Entiendo que se refiere a que para pronunciar la B y la P hay que juntar, o apretar, los labios; pero me ha parecido gracioso que use la palabra &quot;besos&quot; para explicarlo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Actualmente el DLE no recoge ninguna acepción de &quot;beso&quot; como &quot;labio&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5PQqqPX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;beso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;basium&lt;/em&gt;, voz de or. celta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Acción y efecto de besar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ademán simbólico de besar.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Golpe que se dan las cosas cuando se tropiezan unas con otras.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Golpe violento que mutuamente se dan dos personas en la cara o en la cabeza.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ambas palabras están relacionadas de una manera muy obvia, aunque sea a nivel semántico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mi pregunta es: ¿eran sinónimas estas palabras antes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T21:40:42.263" Title="¿Fue alguna vez &quot;besos&quot; sinónimo de &quot;labios&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22522" CreationDate="2018-05-22T13:43:46.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gonzalo Correas en su &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de 1630 &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina:Ortografia_kastellana,_nueva_i_perfeta.pdf/109&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya la describía así&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La interrogazion, ó pregunta, es un punto kon una esezilla buelta al rreves enzima : i sirve de mostrar, kuando se pregunta. Ké pides?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en el CORDE veo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=220518%5C014%5CC000O22052018144755472.1184.1180&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20esezilla%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hizo lo mismo&lt;/a&gt; cinco años antes en &lt;em&gt;Arte de la lengua española castellana&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La interrogazion es un punto con un rrasghillo enzima, torzido casi como una esezilla al rreves, desta forma ? Sirve de señalar quando se pregunta [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que dice &quot;casi como una esezilla&quot;. Es decir, no está &lt;em&gt;definiendo&lt;/em&gt; la interrogación como una S al revés, sino que simplemente la está &lt;em&gt;describiendo&lt;/em&gt; como algo que se parece a una S pequeña. De hecho, hace lo mismo con la tilde de la eñe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tilde es un rrasgo corto torzido casi como una esezilla al rreves echada sobre la vocal. Desta n i tilde se conpuso la, ñe sighiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es altamente probable que la RAE se limitase a hacer uso del mismo símil para la descripción oficial, por ser el más sencillo y el más cercano a la forma de este símbolo en aquel entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y digo el más cercano porque, revisando algunos documentos más antiguos, como por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/universal-vocabulario-en-latin-y-en-romance-tomo-ii--0/html/003fa87a-82b2-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_235.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Universal vocabulario en latín y en romance&lt;/a&gt; de Alfonso de Palencia (1490), la marca que usa para las preguntas en latín no se parece &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; a una &lt;code&gt;q&lt;/code&gt;, sino más bien a un &quot;dos puntos&quot; con flequillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OTrhT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OTrhT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente no veo yo cómo se podría haber llegado ahí desde una &lt;code&gt;q&lt;/code&gt;, y de hecho y tal como ha mencionado DGaleano en los comentarios, la página de Wikipedia indica que la teoría de la Q no tiene apenas base documental.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, no se me hace tan descabellado imaginar que, a fuerza de escribir este símbolo a pluma, el trazo superior se fuese ligando y suavizando hasta parecerse a un punto con una tilde &lt;code&gt;.~&lt;/code&gt;, lo cual sí es una de las notaciones que se mencionan en la página de Wikipedia que enlazas. Y recordemos que la tilde se describió posteriormente como una ese al revés tumbada, luego tendría sentido describir esa misma tilde en vertical como una ese al revés, sin más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T07:26:18.167" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T07:26:18.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19738" CreationDate="2018-05-22T16:15:24.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vqcu08L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reliquia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Objeto o prenda con valor sentimental, generalmente por haber pertenecido a una persona querida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19506" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T16:40:12.303" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T16:40:12.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26364" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-22T20:58:58.560" Score="7" ViewCount="5629" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado varias veces los términos &lt;em&gt;sugar daddy/mummy&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sugar baby&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a una relación generalmente basada en el interés, donde la persona mayor (daddy/mummy) le proporciona beneficios econónimos al sugar baby a cambio de compañía y demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se puede expresar ese tipo de relación en español sin perder los matices del significado? Con esto me refiero a que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No solamente es la diferencia de edad, es también un intercambio de favores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es algo consensuado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por ser de mutuo acuerdo (implícito o explícito) nadie se está &quot;aprovechando&quot; del otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T09:44:53.137" LastActivityDate="2021-01-10T11:44:50.103" Title="¿Existe alguna traducción o equivalente para &quot;Sugar daddy/mummy&quot; y &quot;sugar baby&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26361" CreationDate="2018-05-22T21:37:36.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de autoridades&lt;/a&gt; se encuentra lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=44445&amp;amp;Index=C%3a%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA_INDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1+&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2fDA_form.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BEZO&lt;/a&gt; s. m. El lábio gruesso, y que sale mucho hácia fuera, como de ordinário le tienen los Negros. Covarr. dice que de &lt;em&gt;Bucca&lt;/em&gt; se dixo Buza, y de aqui Bezo. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Labium&lt;/em&gt;. COVARR. en esta palab. Los que escriben de Phisonomía dicen que los que tienen los lábios gruessos, que llamamos &lt;em&gt;bezos&lt;/em&gt;, son escarnecedores y maldicientes. QUEV. Mus. 6. Rom. 59.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que al menos acá si se hace una referencia, así sea a labios &lt;em&gt;gruesos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien se encuentra allí una segunda entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=44446&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA_INDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA_form.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BEZO&lt;/a&gt;. Se llama tambien el costurón ò carne levantada al rededor de la herída quando está enconada, que por ser à semejanza del labio gruesso se dice assi: y tambien se llama Lábio. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Tumidum os vulneris&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T21:37:36.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26361" CreationDate="2018-05-22T21:40:42.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Es que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5RBHPkG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bezo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;labio&quot;! El DLE dice que es &quot;de origen incierto&quot;. Es la primera vez en mi vida que leo tal cosa pero parece que la palabra ha tenido cierto uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/105gw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/105gw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE curiosamente aparece unas cuantas veces &lt;em&gt;bezo&lt;/em&gt;. Hay una obra de un tal Gonzalo Correas, de 1627, donde hay toda una serie de dichos donde se lo utiliza. En una línea específicamente dice &quot;No por el beso, sino por el bezo&quot;, como para despejar la duda de si se trata de un error, y más abajo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Bezo&quot; es &quot;la kostunbre&quot;, i tómase en mala parte, &quot;mal bezo&quot;: mala&#xA;  kostunbre, o mal enseñamiento; de akí &quot;abezar&quot; es enseñar, i todo naze&#xA;  del ABC, por donde se komienza a deprender. Tanbién &quot;bezo&quot; es el labio&#xA;  grueso, i se pudo dezir de akí &quot;abezar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros documentos queda claro que &lt;em&gt;bezo&lt;/em&gt; es efectivamente un labio, o la zona que rodea a los labios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;y el cabello largo, e la barba luenga, en la cual solamente tenía en&#xA;  la punta de la barba y en el bezo muy pocos pelos e blancos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí tenemos un bezo con linaje:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuando se imita alguna boca que este riendo, que entonces para bien&#xA;  imitar la risa, convendríale abrir un poco de la boca y alzarla de los&#xA;  cantos y cerrar otro tanto de los ojos cuanto se abre de ella; mas hay&#xA;  ciertas genealogías de Príncipes y Reyes, como son el Rey Nuestro&#xA;  Señor y lo fué el Emperador Don Carlos y sus descendientes, los cuales&#xA;  tienen el bezo de abajo un poco descuidado y relevado hacia fuera, lo&#xA;  cual denota majestad, y aunque en alguna manera parece abrirse la boca&#xA;  no por eso descubre los dientes sinó quedan desemulados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-22T21:40:42.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-23T05:07:04.637" Score="7" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexican Spanish,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Ocho días&quot; = One week  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Quince días&quot; = Two weeks  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Una quincena&quot; = Two weeks (one fortnight)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Quincenal&quot; = Every two weeks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this usage unique to Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Some of the comments at &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/13014/9385&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; made me wonder about this.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T05:49:57.397" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T02:00:45.203" Title="Is &quot;ocho días&quot; neutral Spanish?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26367" CreationDate="2018-05-23T10:58:14.013" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears &lt;em&gt;ocho días&lt;/em&gt; = one week is common in some regions. I've never heard it in Argentina, nor the expressions mentioned in the other question (such as &lt;em&gt;de aquí en ocho&lt;/em&gt;). It's either &lt;em&gt;siete días&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;una semana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The equivalence of 15 days to two weeks, on the other hand, is common here, and I gather it's common elsewhere. &lt;em&gt;Quincena&lt;/em&gt; is mostly used in reference to wages (for someone who gets paid every two weeks); metonymically, it refers both to the span of time and to the money itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to a doctor and s/he wants a follow-up in two weeks, s/he will say either &lt;em&gt;«Te veo en dos semanas»&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;«Te veo en quince días»&lt;/em&gt;. This is so common that I guess nobody would mistake &lt;em&gt;quince días&lt;/em&gt; for fifteen actual days unless in very specific contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quincenal&lt;/em&gt; is also usually &quot;once a fortnight&quot;, but it may imply &quot;twice a month&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-15T07:58:16.023" LastActivityDate="2020-01-15T07:58:16.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26364" CreationDate="2018-05-23T11:04:22.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;He buscado un término que implique la idea de prostitución inexplícita o de baja intensidad. Lo único que satisface esos términos es la palabra cubana &quot;jinetera&quot; (o &quot;jinetero&quot;), donde hay cierta &quot;amistad&quot; de conveniencia, normalmente con sexo y la retribución mediante, regalos, aportaciones a la familia, etc. No es netamente prostitución, pues no se cobra por servicio realizado. Es lo que más cerca está de &quot;sugar baby&quot; sin salirnos del español y sin entrar en neologismos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T11:04:22.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26227" CreationDate="2018-05-23T11:06:50.587" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La web Enclave RAE dispone de un blog, y precisamente la última entrada (a día de hoy), &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://enclave.rae.es/blog/por-el-arco-del-triunfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Por el arco del triunfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, aborda este tema en los siguientes términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otro nutrido grupo de eufemismos es el de los empleados para evitar la palabra &lt;em&gt;jod…&lt;/em&gt; Entre otros, el español cuenta con &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MXFryB0%7CMXGJTWI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;joroba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MWkSFZo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jopé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MUqKUQQ%7CMUqOdQ6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MVzRpRb%7CMW6Wl04&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jolín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MW6s3bb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jolines&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (sobre su origen, véase el discurso de ingreso en la RAE de Federico Corriente), o incluso &lt;em&gt;jopelines&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El afán de evitar cualquier secuencia similar a &lt;em&gt;jod…&lt;/em&gt; puede explicar por qué en algunas ediciones del diccionario académico del siglo XVIII se recomendaba sustituir la conjunción &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; delante de una palabra con &lt;em&gt;d-&lt;/em&gt; inicial [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Theatro de la vida humana, las Polyantheas, y otros muchos libros, donde la erudición está acinada y dispuesta con orden alphabético, &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; apuntada con copiosos índices, son fuentes públicas de donde pueden beber, no solo los hombres, mas también las bestias. Qualquier assumpto que se emprehenda, se puede llevar arrastrando a cada passo a un lugar común, &lt;strong&gt;u de&lt;/strong&gt; política, &lt;strong&gt;u de&lt;/strong&gt; moralidad, &lt;strong&gt;u de&lt;/strong&gt; humanidad, &lt;strong&gt;u de&lt;/strong&gt; historia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, &quot;Teatro crítico universal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que el grupo &quot;o de&quot; podía sonar demasiado similar a &lt;em&gt;hoder&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23925/12637&quot;&gt;registrada por diccionarios desde 1570&lt;/a&gt; (aunque no en los de la RAE, demasiado vulgar) con el sentido actual que conocemos. Esta malsonancia es la que la RAE quería evitar a toda costa, al parecer. Se ve que por entonces la primera consonante no se aspiraba tanto como para provocar el sonido &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; que usamos hoy día para hablar del mismo concepto, y la malsonancia era más obvia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La regla de usar &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; como partícula disyuntiva ante palabras que empezaran por &lt;em&gt;d-&lt;/em&gt; se mostró en el diccionario de la RAE hasta su versión de 1803 inclusive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE tenía su propia opinión al respecto, dado que ya en su primera edición de 1771 decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/em&gt; se usa en lugar de &lt;em&gt;ó&lt;/em&gt; quando la palabra siguiente empieza por &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;, por la misma que la &lt;em&gt;é&lt;/em&gt; por la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, como: siete &lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/em&gt; ocho, por siete &lt;em&gt;ó&lt;/em&gt; ocho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente la misma regla que observamos hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T12:13:36.797" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T12:13:36.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26367" CreationDate="2018-05-23T11:16:54.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't aknowledge that &quot;ocho días&quot; means &quot;one week&quot; in Spain. It seems to me that that exact wording is local Mexican usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T11:16:54.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12808" CreationDate="2018-05-23T11:32:29.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is that when the translation was done, &lt;strong&gt;back in 1886, &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; were synonyms&lt;/strong&gt;, and you could use either one to mean 'breakfast'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you check the NTTLE (link and images below) you can see that their definition in the official dictionary was as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;DESAYUNO. The first food you eat in the morning. &lt;em&gt;Jentaculum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ALMUERZO. The food you eat in the morning. &lt;em&gt;Jentaculum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same definition and same translation to Latin.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We can even check the older &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; where it explicitly says so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ALMUERZO. The first food you eat in the morning, by means of which you end your &lt;em&gt;ayuno&lt;/em&gt; [fast], hence it also being called &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; [breakfast].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both words were synonyms as you can see. Their meanings diverged through the years and, for today's speakers, each word means a different meal; but back in 1886 you could translate 'breakfast' as &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt;, whichever you liked the most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es que cuando se hizo la traducción de la obra, &lt;strong&gt;en 1886, &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; eran sinónimos&lt;/strong&gt; a todos los efectos, y se podía usar indistintamente una u otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo podemos comprobar en la edición de 1852 del diccionario de la Academia (imágenes extraídas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTTLE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/VMPdqVm.png&quot; alt=&quot;DESAYUNO. m. El primer alimento que se toma por la mañana. _Jentaculum_.&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/taxbouG.png&quot; alt=&quot;ALMUERZO. m. La comida que se toma por la mañana. _Jentaculum_.&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que ambas aparecen traducidas al latín como &lt;em&gt;jentaculum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos remontamos al &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; de 1726, lo dice incluso explícitamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/QeFAGeT.png&quot; alt=&quot;ALMUERZO. s.m. El primer alimento que se come por la mañana, y con el cual uno deja de estar ayuno, por lo que también se llama desayuno.&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: ambas palabras eran inicialmente sinónimas. Poco a poco se han ido diferenciando y, para los hablantes de hoy en día, son comidas distintas; pero en 1886 parece que esta distinción todavía no estaba muy establecida, por lo que 'breakfast' podía traducirse como &quot;desayuno&quot; o como &quot;almuerzo&quot; a gusto del traductor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-05-23T22:41:02.620" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T22:41:02.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26376" CreationDate="2018-05-23T11:50:21.483" Score="3" ViewCount="669" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can see in the answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12808/why-would-breakfast-be-translated-as-lunch&quot;&gt;Why would &amp;quot;breakfast&amp;quot; be translated as &amp;quot;lunch&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; that, up until at least the end of s. XIX, &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; were proper synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, however, to most people they mean different meals (the most common distinction is, I think, that &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; is had first thing in the morning, i.e. a breakfast, and &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; is kind of a second breakfast, closer to midday).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When did this distinction appear?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And why did we set on &quot;desayuno&quot; being the earlier one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T11:53:22.213" Title="When did &quot;almuerzo&quot; and &quot;desayuno&quot; stop being synonyms, and why?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26266" CreationDate="2018-05-23T12:43:25.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;68 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Que no te desanimen, ni yo. ¿Vale?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Vale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Tú ve a tu bola y pasa de agoreros. Tú a lo tuyo. Punto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T13:09:52.853" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-23T12:43:25.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26374" CreationDate="2018-05-23T13:20:42.180" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can only answer the 2nd question. The verb &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; is so common that we don't realize it is &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;strong&gt;ayunar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4cYY5ZV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ayunar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Abstenerse total o parcialmente de comer o beber.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;desayunar&lt;/em&gt;, '&lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt;' is the negative prefix (which also appears in the DLE, and it's interesting on its own). &lt;strong&gt;The first time you eat something, you stop the &lt;em&gt;ayuno&lt;/em&gt;, so &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; is necessarily the first meal of the day&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's funny that we say &quot;&lt;em&gt;Hoy no he desayunado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; all day long when we skip breakfast, when originally that sentence would only be valid until your first meal, which would then become your &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt; even if it's 6pm. However, nowadays it has obviously linked its meaning to &quot;the meal of the early morning&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &lt;em&gt;ayunar&lt;/em&gt; is &quot;to fast&quot; in English. When you eat something, you're breaking your fast. Hence &quot;breakfast&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T11:53:22.213" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T11:53:22.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26367" CreationDate="2018-05-23T15:26:36.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Mexican I can answer the same way the given answer in the post &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A week is not made from 8 days, but when something is bound to happen into a week from the current day, we will say &quot;8 days from/starting today&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some explanation    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1 day is today (Monday)   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2 days will be tomorrow Tuesday   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 days will be Wednesday    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 days will be Thursday   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5 days will be Friday    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;6 days will be Saturday   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;7 days will be Sunday   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;8 days will be Monday(again)    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that &quot;de hoy en 8&quot; : &quot;8 days from today&quot; means that something is happening one week ahead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you count the days and add 1 (to include the current day in the counting)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2020-01-24T02:00:45.203" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T02:00:45.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26330" CreationDate="2018-05-23T16:03:19.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's not a single way of pronouncing this name, but I can give you two approximations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ uN θu ruN 'θa ɣa ] &#xA;[ un su run 'sa ɣa ] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the main difference is that the first one is pronouncing the Z as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_dental_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiceless dental non-sibilant fricative&lt;/a&gt;, as &quot;th&quot; in the english word &quot;thing&quot;, while the second is using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiceless alveolar fricative&lt;/a&gt;, as the &quot;s&quot; in the english word &quot;sound&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both pronunciations would be correct, although she is probably more used to one of them (the first one if she comes from Spain, the second one otherwise).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17498" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T07:51:51.797" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T07:51:51.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26446" CreationDate="2018-05-24T04:27:43.390" Score="3" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this edition of Translation Golf, I picked an excerpt from Alanis Morissette's song You Owe Me Nothing in Return:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'll give you countless amounts of outright acceptance if you want it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I will give you encouragement to choose the path that you want if you need it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can speak of anger and doubts, your fears and freak outs, and I'll hold it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can share your so-called shame-filled accounts of times in your life and I won't judge it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(253 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A (slightly modified) translation by Google Translator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;Te daré innumerables cantidades de absoluta aceptación si lo deseas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Te daré ánimo para elegir el camino que quieras si lo necesitas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Puedes hablar de la ira y las dudas, de tus miedos y de tus pánicos, y yo lo retendré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Puedes compartir los momentos de tu vida que creas llenos de vergüenza y no los juzgaré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(247 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;Si quieres, aceptaré todo de ti sin medida.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Si hace falta, te animaré a ir adonde digas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Lidiaré con los espantos y enojos que tengas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;em&gt;Y no juzgaré las historias que te apenan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sub&gt;(138 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here's the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;letter counter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastEditorUserId="19016" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T21:59:38.283" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T07:23:45.367" Title="Translation Golf XLII - Alanis Morissette" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-24T07:51:02.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26379" CreationDate="2018-05-24T08:15:42.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;95 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te aceptaré sin fin y animaré a elegir tu senda si quieres. No te juzgaré si me hablas de tu ira, duda, pánico o vergüenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T08:29:39.200" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T08:29:39.200" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-24T08:15:42.357" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24185" CreationDate="2018-05-24T08:47:08.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas maneras de formar los &lt;em&gt;«sustantivos deverbales que expresan acción y efecto»&lt;/em&gt; además del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0nMfsj7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;participio pasado&lt;/a&gt; (def. 3) (como en &lt;em&gt;el cerr&lt;strong&gt;ado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;), y entre estos hay &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; (como en &lt;em&gt;el cierr&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EIXWV81&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-e&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. &lt;code&gt;suf.&lt;/code&gt; En sustantivos deverbales, significa 'acción y efecto'. &lt;em&gt;Corte, avance, goce, combate.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los más comunes sufijos así son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G2NeHid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-erio&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9I27Gyi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ción&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30HXD1D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-anza&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDgi3bc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-miento&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EHGi0dJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-dura&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QJb1Ewu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ncia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero hay aún más formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Infinitivo:&lt;/strong&gt; poder (poder), saber (saber)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participio pasado:&lt;/strong&gt; estar (estado), decir (dicho)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forma femenina/modificada:&lt;/strong&gt; ver (vista), perder (pérdida)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raíz + sufijo femenino:&lt;/strong&gt; hablar (habla), ayudar (ayuda)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raíz + sufijo masculino:&lt;/strong&gt; cantar (canto), trabajar (trabajo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/La_derivaci%C3%B3n_en_espa%C3%B1ol.html?id=CcxQMwAACAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La derivación en español:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;verbos derivados y sustantivos verbales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Jesús Pena Seijas&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T15:22:46.933" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T15:22:46.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26379" CreationDate="2018-05-24T09:51:33.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;67&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PENxPxR#ApszP1b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mil&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TII1OPe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plácets&lt;/a&gt;? ¿Ánimo para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZzcN8W0#M8vrOAv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomar&lt;/a&gt; rumbo? ¿Hablar de tu &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XbVfLnt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sentir&lt;/a&gt; sin &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3LmP7tP#1RqFngD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apuro&lt;/a&gt;? Te lo doy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T09:51:33.930" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-24T09:51:33.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26330" CreationDate="2018-05-24T10:57:12.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Just Use Forvo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a good idea to use a pronunciation repository like Forvo. You can find the &lt;a href=&quot;https://forvo.com/word/unzurrunzaga/#es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronunciation of Unzurrunzaga&lt;/a&gt; or request new pronunciations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14301" LastEditorUserId="13852" LastEditDate="2020-07-06T11:32:43.963" LastActivityDate="2020-07-06T11:32:43.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-24T10:58:00.060" Score="14" ViewCount="1624" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy día tenemos dos palabras para hablar del &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt;, aunque una de ellas se usa solamente como cultismo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5PQqqPX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. basium, voz de or. celta.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Acción y efecto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5PMFiht&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;besar&lt;/a&gt; [&quot;Tocar u oprimir con un movimiento de labios a alguien o algo como expresión de amor, deseo o reverencia, o como saludo&quot;].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RHVQ2pj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ósculo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. oscŭlum.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. cult. Beso de respeto o afecto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos palabras aparecen registradas en textos del siglo XV, que explican sus diferencias. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Osculor. es verbo comun. osculor te: &amp;amp; osculor a te. Dende viene osculum: beso que demuestra prenda de caridad: &amp;amp; señal de amor. y es osculum beso que se da alos fijos. &amp;amp; paz alos amigos. &amp;amp; basium ala muger. &amp;amp; suauio ala mançeba. por que representa suaue &amp;amp; halagueña deletaçion: nombra se de suauidad: como osculum de boca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso de Palencia, &quot;Universal vocabulario en latín y en romance&quot;, 1490 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, el beso que se da a los hijos, amigos, que denota caridad y amor, ese era &lt;em&gt;osculum&lt;/em&gt;, y se reservaba &lt;em&gt;basium&lt;/em&gt; para los besos que se dan a la mujer y que denotaban amor... pero de otro tipo. De los que implican deleite, como dice de los que se dan a la manceba (que en ese caso eran &lt;em&gt;suavium&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta distinción la recogía Nebrija en su diccionario de 1495 también, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Beso onesto. osculum.i.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Beso de enamorado. basium. suauium.ij.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros diccionarios de la época también recogían la diferencia. Sin embargo, Covarrubias en 1611 ya recogía &lt;em&gt;besar&lt;/em&gt; de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BESAR. Lat. osculor.aris. Beso Lat. osculum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y tras una introducción pasa a explicar qué es el beso, especificando que &quot;es señal de paz&quot;, &quot;también el beso es señal de confederación&quot;, tipos de besos solemnes, que no hay nada ilícito en besar el marido a la mujer pues las escrituras manifiestan lo contrario, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de Autoridades mantiene esta línea, y es el primero que recoge la palabra &quot;ósculo&quot;, afirmando simplemente que significa &quot;lo mismo que beso&quot;. Es decir, parece que desde el siglo XV al menos ya se venía usando principalmente la palabra &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt; (esto lo confirman los resultados de buscar &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=beso*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=0&amp;amp;ano2=1500&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beso*&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=oscul*%20o%20%F3scul*&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=0&amp;amp;ano2=1500&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oscul* o óscul*&lt;/a&gt;&quot; en el CORDE para textos anteriores a 1500, siendo el primero un orden de magnitud superior al segundo en cuando a número de casos). Pero ¿por qué? ¿Qué pasó para que se eliminara esa distinción y nos quedáramos solo con una palabra de uso mayoritario para cualquier tipo de beso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teorías al respecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Había casos en los que era difícil distinguir la intención del beso y no se sabía si había que usar &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ósculo&lt;/em&gt; y, por comodidad, se eliminó esa diferenciación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt; tenía su correspondiente verbo &lt;em&gt;besar&lt;/em&gt;, usado ya en el siglo XIII, que favoreció el uso de &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que &lt;em&gt;ósculo&lt;/em&gt; no conservó su verbo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;osculum&lt;/em&gt; significaba también &lt;em&gt;boca pequeña&lt;/em&gt; según algunos textos, como el propio diccionario de Nebrija, lo que podría confundir su uso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;osculum&lt;/em&gt; era ya un cultismo en latín, y como tal no se propagó por el latín vulgar con la misma fuerza que &lt;em&gt;basium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de todas sería la razón principal, si es que alguna es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-30T12:56:45.303" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T13:05:55.500" Title="¿Por qué dejó de usarse &quot;ósculo&quot; como &quot;beso&quot; y se convirtió en un cultismo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-24T13:55:59.730" Score="0" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Spanish beginner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;earthly aroma&quot; be translated to &lt;em&gt;&quot;aroma terrenal&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;summit to sea&quot; be translated to &lt;em&gt;&quot;cima al mar&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;sea to summit&quot; be translated to &lt;em&gt;&quot;mar al nieve&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero demostrar un impresión poética y rústica en mismo tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19521" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T14:40:30.330" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T00:55:25.940" Title="Advice request on poetic translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26385" CreationDate="2018-05-24T15:34:55.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For starters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;terrenal&lt;/em&gt; has somewhat of a religious or metaphysical connotation. It means 'earthly', yes -- as the opposite of 'Heavenly' with a capital H. If by &quot;earthly aroma&quot; you mean something like that smell that fills the country after it rains, you probably meant &quot;earthy aroma&quot; and in that case I'd use &lt;em&gt;&quot;aroma &lt;strong&gt;terroso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or just &lt;em&gt;&quot;aroma &lt;strong&gt;de tierra&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&quot;olor &lt;strong&gt;a tierra&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The word 'summit' can mean &lt;em&gt;cima&lt;/em&gt; as a noun, but it can also be a verb. I need the context for both &quot;summit to sea&quot; and &quot;sea to summit&quot; for a proper translation. What I can tell you is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nieve&lt;/em&gt; is feminine&lt;/strong&gt;, so &lt;em&gt;&quot;mar al nieve&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is grammatically incorrect: it should be &lt;em&gt;&quot;mar a la nieve&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (not saying it's a good translation, just that &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect there).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll be waiting for your update.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T15:34:55.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26387" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-24T17:12:26.580" Score="8" ViewCount="3757" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use this expression in English (sometimes sarcastically) to refer to a father/mother and son/daughter not being different from one another or being identical in their actions, behaviors, etc. Other similar expressions: &quot;a chip off the old block&quot;, &quot;like father, like son&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &quot;salir a ...&quot; came to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La nieta &lt;strong&gt;sale al&lt;/strong&gt; abuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I wonder if this is good enough and if there are better alternatives to express this idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19515" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T05:27:45.150" LastActivityDate="2020-03-15T21:13:38.917" Title="Spanish equivalent of &quot;the apple doesn't fall far from the tree&quot;" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26387" CreationDate="2018-05-24T17:36:16.360" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your option is perfectly valid, simple and perfectly understood.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you want to go for a fixed expression, you might use:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De tal palo, tal astilla  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or any of its many variations, like  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabra por viña, cual la madre tal la hija&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual el cuervo, tal el huevo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual es el padre, tal es el hijo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual es la madre, así las hijas salen&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cual es la mama, tal es la hija que la mama&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De padres gatos, hijos michinos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De tal árbol, tal ramo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De tal parra, tal racimo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De tal simiente, tal gente  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find even more details, variations, translations, etc &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Ficha.aspx?Par=58480&amp;amp;Lng=0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordmagicsoft.com/dictionary/en-es/the%20apple%20doesn%27t%20fall%20far%20from%20the%20tree.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordMagic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; suggests:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En casa de tamborilero todos son danzantes  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T18:17:52.097" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T18:17:52.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-24T17:52:26.493" Score="4" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JN4MHke&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gota serena&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; simplemente como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. ceguera.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin ningún detalle adicional. Rastreando ediciones anteriores he encontrado que aparece ya en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=23740&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA%5FINDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA%5Fform%2Ehtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con una descripción más amplia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GOTA SERENA. Privación total de la vista, sin señal exterior ni lesión sensible en los ojos, que procede de la falta de comunicación de los espíritus visuales, por estar los miembros opticos obstruidos interiormente, o por estar relaxados con el humor que poco a poco o de improviso se embebió en ellos. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Visûs privatio absque damno oculorum, vel hebetatio&lt;/em&gt;. FRAG. Cirug. Antidotario. Acontece tambien sin causa manifiesta del ojo quitarse la vista: y llámase de los modernos Gota &lt;em&gt;serena&lt;/em&gt;. [iv.65]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a pesar de la larga explicación no hay una relación evidente entre &lt;strong&gt;gota&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;serena&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;ceguera&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Cuál puede ser el origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.significados.com.br/gota-serena/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;brasileño&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; parece tener el mismo significado:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Popularmente, gota serena é também uma forma de referir a um tipo de &lt;strong&gt;cegueira&lt;/strong&gt; que não deixa lesão no olho, mas provoca a perda total ou parcial da visão (amaurose).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero también uno totalmente diferente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gota serena (ou gota-serena) é uma expressão popular da região Nordeste do Brasil, cujo significado se refere a um, &lt;strong&gt;impaciência, nervosismo ou exaltação&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:19:27.657" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:19:27.657" Title="¿Por qué &quot;gota serena&quot; es ceguera?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26389" CreationDate="2018-05-24T18:38:27.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del término medical neolatín &lt;em&gt;gutta serena&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HtgFym.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HtgFym.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4FxXCIZdZ9UC&amp;amp;pg=PA51&amp;amp;lpg=PA51&amp;amp;dq=gota+serena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vocabulario médico-quirurgico ó diccionario de medicina y cirugia,&lt;/strong&gt; que comprende la etimología y definición de todos los términos usados en estas dos ciencias por los autores antiguos y modernos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Don Manuel Hurtado de Mendoza (1840)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Serena'&lt;/strong&gt; significa que el ojo está 'claro/tranquilo' - es que decir que no hay signos visibles de la causa de la ceguera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;gutta serena&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;former term for blindness of unknown etiology; &lt;strong&gt;the “serena” suggested that the anterior segment of the eye was clear and tranquil, that there was no visible cause for the blindness, no corneal scar, no inflammation, no cataract.&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, gutta serena became the code word for blindness due to some unfathomable posterior cause, some damage to retina, optic nerve, or brain.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.medilexicon.com/dictionary/38795&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mediLexicon.com&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Gota'&lt;/strong&gt; viene de la teoría anticuada de los cuatro humores - que una 'gota' de un humor &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Jn8fz2qwjpwC&amp;amp;pg=PA264&amp;amp;lpg=PA264&amp;amp;dq=four+humors+morbid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mórbido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en la zona afectada era la causa de la enfermedad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gout.&lt;/strong&gt; From &lt;em&gt;gutta&lt;/em&gt;, a drop. A remnant of the medical theory which attributed all kinds of disorders to the settling of a drop of morbid humour upon the part affected; of which we preserve another instance in the &lt;em&gt;gutta serena&lt;/em&gt;, or loss of sight without visible affection of the eye. The Sp. has &lt;em&gt;gota arterica&lt;/em&gt;, or gout, disease of the joints; &lt;em&gt;gota caduca&lt;/em&gt;, the falling sickness, or epilepsy; Du. &lt;em&gt;goete&lt;/em&gt;, the palsy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://brittlebooks.library.illinois.edu/brittlebooks_open/Books2010-05/wedghe0001dicofe/wedghe0001dicofev00002/wedghe0001dicofev00002.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Dictionary of English Etymology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1862)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T18:55:32.890" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T18:55:32.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26387" CreationDate="2018-05-24T19:27:02.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Que tal la siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hijo de tigre, pintito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi me gusta por la simple curiosidad del error: los tigres tienen rays, no pintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T19:27:02.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26385" CreationDate="2018-05-25T00:55:25.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Impresión poética y rústica al mismo tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;earthly aroma&quot;: olor a tierra&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;summit to sea&quot;: desde el pico de la montaña hasta el mar (but this doesn't sound poetic because of rhythm problems)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;sea to summit&quot;: desde el mar hasta la zona nevada (from the sea to the snowy area)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T00:55:25.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12808" CreationDate="2018-05-25T02:24:33.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am prone to say it is a mistake or lack of rigor in the translation. In my whole life, I have never heard nor read the word &lt;em&gt;almuerzo&lt;/em&gt; used interchangeably with &lt;em&gt;desayuno&lt;/em&gt;. It is worth noting that if it were a swap between &lt;em&gt;cena&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comida&lt;/em&gt;, it wouldn't seem so out of place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it is also interesting to think how many of these changes might have occurred and no one noticed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T02:24:33.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19738" CreationDate="2018-05-25T02:37:58.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece óptimo que se pudiere ampliar nuestro léxico con la palabra memorabilia. Ahora, como sinónimo se me ocurren, similar a algunas opiniones ya acá escritas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coleccionables / los objetos coleccionables de...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;objetos de colección&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;objetos de recuerdo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sean útiles estas ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T02:37:58.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-25T07:13:41.790" Score="3" ViewCount="2087" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que está bastante aceptado (Corominas lo recoge así en su diccionario etimológico) que el fruto del cocotero debe su nombre a cierto fantasma que aterra a los niños:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9bCoA8r%7C9bH8Cra%7C9bIHCql%7C9bJM96n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, porque la cáscara del fruto con sus tres agujeros semeja una cabeza con ojos y boca, como la de aquel fantasma infantil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coco&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del port. &lt;em&gt;côco&lt;/em&gt;, fantasma que lleva una calabaza vacía, a modo de cabeza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;ser imaginario con que se mete miedo a los niños&quot; o &quot;gesto, mueca&quot; se usa en español desde mediados del siglo XV, y en portugués al menos desde principios del mismo siglo. Antes de eso también se registra la palabra &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt; pero con otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coco&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;coccum&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;κόκκος kókkos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Zool. &lt;strong&gt;gorgojo&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ insecto).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho el primer diccionario que recoge la palabra es el de Percival de 1591:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coco, a worme that eateth vines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me estoy desviando. Parece que la palabra &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt; entonces viene del portugués, pero ¿se sabe algo más acerca de su origen? Corominas dice simplemente que es una voz infantil de creación expresiva. ¿Hay alguna otra teoría?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T07:13:41.790" Title="Origen de la palabra &quot;coco&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26395" CreationDate="2018-05-25T07:13:41.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algo de información en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611. Con respecto al fruto del coco nos confirma la etimología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El nombre de coco se le dieron los Españoles, por el gestillo que se figura con los tres agugeros, que parecen ojos y boca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero a continuación viene algo interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en razón de que ordinariamente llamamos coco una postura de rostro, qual la tiene la mona, quando da a entender estar enojada, y haze un sonido en la garganta de Ko Ko, de donde se tomò el nombre de coco, y cocar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, en el mismo diccionario de Covarrubias se define (y la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9YWIVl4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continúa en el DLE&lt;/a&gt; a día de hoy):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;COCAR, y hazer cocos, està tomado del sonido que haze la mona para espantar los muchachos, y ponerlos miedo, porque no lo hagan mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una leve referencia a las posibles muecas de los monos se encuentra también en la etimología propuesta para &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/coco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt; en Etymonline&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] from Spanish and Portuguese coco &quot;grinning or grimacing face,&quot; on resemblance of the three depressions at the base of the shell to a monkey or human face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T07:13:41.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26400" CreationDate="2018-05-25T09:15:16.003" Score="5" ViewCount="2753" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenosaura_similis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La iguana rayada&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Ctenosaura similis&lt;/em&gt;) tiene por lo menos 19:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Regiones&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;garrobo&lt;sup&gt;1 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mx:SE, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, CR&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;gallina de palo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;CR&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;garmelio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;CR Norte&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;gueishpo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;gueshpo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gu, ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;guespo&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;güembo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hon norte-sur-este, ES este&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;grencho&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hon [sur], ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;groño &lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;güirrío&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;ES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;güilla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ni&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mapachagüe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mx sureste&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;iguana negra&lt;sup&gt;† 0 3 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;iguana negra de cola espinosa&lt;sup&gt;4 5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;iguana espinosa&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;iguana espinosa rayada&lt;sup&gt;0 2 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;iguana rayada&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;tolok&lt;sup&gt;‡ 7 8 9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ctenosaurio&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún animal que tenga más nombres comunes en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9mTQo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9mTQo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas/Fuentes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;†. También se llama así el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenosaura_pectinata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ctenosaura pectinata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;‡. También se llama así el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.naturalista.mx/taxa/35317-Ctenosaura-defensor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ctenosaura defensor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ecured.cu/Iguana_de_cola_espinosa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;0. &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/iguana%20(iguana%20iguana)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;termbank.com: black spiny-tailed iguana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=garrobo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos: garrobo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;amp;search_value=585835#null&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. &lt;em&gt;«Ctenosaura similis (TSN 585835)»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/174480/0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The IUCN Red List of Endangered Species&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.naturalista.mx/taxa/35303-Ctenosaura-similis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Naturalista.mx&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;5. &lt;a href=&quot;http://enciclovida.mx/especies/8000549&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EncicloVida.mx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;6. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262564468_El_componente_endemico_de_la_herpetofauna_hondurena_en_peligro_critico_priorizacion_y_estrategias_de_conservacion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El componente endémico de la herpetofauna hondureña en peligro crítico: priorización y estrategias de conservación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;7. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.yucatan.travel/blog/el-tolok-importante-personaje-del-paisaje-yucateco/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.yucatan.travel/blog/el-tolok-importante-personaje-del-paisaje-yucateco/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;8. &lt;a href=&quot;http://seres19.blogspot.co.uk/2017/11/tolok-ctenosaura-similis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seres19.blogspot.co.uk/2017/11/tolok-ctenosaura-similis.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;9. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297647639_Animals_and_the_Maya_in_Southeast_Mexico_E_N_Anderson_Felix_Medina_Tzuc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Animals and the Maya in Southeast Mexico&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, E. N. Anderson Felix Medina Tzuc (&lt;em&gt;Journal of anthropological research&lt;/em&gt;, Dec. 2006)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-03-07T22:51:54.507" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T22:51:54.507" Title="¿Cuál es el animal con más nombres en castellano?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26039" CreationDate="2018-05-25T10:53:25.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría argumentarse que la H o la G que separan la U intervocálica de la vocal que la precede al formar algunas palabras derivadas, no tiene más sentido que el de reflejar ortográficamente el cambio de pronunciación de &lt;code&gt;[u]&lt;/code&gt; por &lt;code&gt;[w]&lt;/code&gt; en dichas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Awwz8hW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;correa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; + el sufijo diminutivo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0xveOx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-uela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tenemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AxxFP9h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;corre&lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt;uela&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;corre&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;üela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en vez de *&lt;em&gt;correuela&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo mismo sucede con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MrKz0DJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lamprea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MrTXdDM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lampre&lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt;uela&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y más o menos también con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XHqAgfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sarao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H3Sohu5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XHlAIfs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sara&lt;strong&gt;gü&lt;/strong&gt;ete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en vez de *&lt;em&gt;saraoete&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedo dar ejemplos de palabras compuestas que reflejen lo anterior, por la sencilla razón de que en español no existen hoy palabras que empiecen por U + vocal: todas están precedidas de H o G (con la excepción de la arcaica &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0wfjjb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;uebos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). ¿Quizá por el mismo motivo? No puedo ahora revisar la etimología de todas ellas, pero estoy seguro de que en muchos casos esa misma H o G cumplen el mismo papel de reflejar el cambio de pronunciación de la U cuando precede a una vocal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comprendo que quizá esto no responde exactamente a tu pregunta, pero me pareció relevante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T10:53:25.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-25T14:37:56.333" Score="2" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/q/3504/83&quot;&gt;una publicación en Meta Stack Overflow en español&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De vez en cuando, cuando no tengo nada mejor que hacer, &lt;strong&gt;se me da por revisar&lt;/strong&gt; respuesta y/o preguntas en las que participé y hacer un poco de limpieza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, este &lt;em&gt;se me da por revisar&lt;/em&gt; suena muy raro, habría escrito &lt;strong&gt;me da por revisar&lt;/strong&gt;, sin pronominalizar el verbo &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, consultado el autor, argentino, me &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/3504/edici%C3%B3n-de-preguntas-respuestas-antiguas-alg%C3%BAn-consenso-en-como-hacerlo?noredirect=1#comment12512_3504&quot;&gt;comentó&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el &quot;me da por..&quot; también se escucha, pero el &quot;se me da por&quot; es como más informal y común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=cucx2A8WkD6ImAtPsX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada del DPD sobre &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es muy extensa, pero apenas encuentro una referencia a reflexivo en la sección 9. dar(se) de sí, que no es el caso que aquí nos atañe. Lo mismo si buscamos referencias a su uso pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta pues es: ¿dónde es común este uso? ¿Es aceptable en un contexto escrito o solamente se utiliza en ambiente informal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T13:20:18.297" Title="¿Cuándo y dónde se usa &quot;darse por hacer algo&quot; en lugar de &quot;dar por hacer algo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26397" CreationDate="2018-05-25T14:53:44.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los que encontré yo antes de mi primer comentario y los que aportó @Rotten que yo no había encontrado en mi primera búsqueda, me he permitido elaborarte esta lista. Dependiendo de lo estrictos que queramos ser con la definición, podemos contar más o menos de estos términos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8KHKmOx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cerdo, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De cerda, 'pelo grueso'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. y f. Mamífero artiodáctilo del grupo de los suidos, de cuerpo grueso, cabeza y orejas grandes, hocico estrecho y patas cortas, que&#xA;  se cría especialmente para aprovechar su cuerpo en la alimentación&#xA;  humana. U. en m. ref. a la especie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cerdudo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8KQf6Dy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3.&lt;/a&gt; En desuso)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;chancho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8Xnmkqe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; América; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/chancho#Sustantivo_masculino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; América del Sur, Costa Rica) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;chanco (Quizá Ecuador, quizá Chile. Sólo he encontrado referencias literarias en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=qrNEAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA14&amp;amp;lpg=RA1-PA14&amp;amp;dq=chanco%20cerdo&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=2rbxuthti2&amp;amp;sig=ee8e2-ERjAvQgJgEqMdj39zkwhk&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjM0IanjKHbAhVFUBQKHet9CK0Q6AEIVjAM#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=chanco%20cerdo&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un antiguo diccionario hispano chileno&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cochinillo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9aQumWy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Hipónimo, como 'lechón')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cochino (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9aSHfhh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cocho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9aaMOoC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;, ¿quizá más común en México?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cuchí (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BY4lsmT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.&lt;/a&gt; ¿quizá más común en Ecuador y/o Perú?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cuino (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bc6JRL6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.&lt;/a&gt; Asturiano rural)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;currucho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BkME1VZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Nicaragua rural)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cuto (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cuto#Sustantivo_masculino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Extremadura, Navarra y Salamanca. Yo sólo lo conocía en Navarra. La RAE sólo recoge &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BmySyRI%7CBn0VAWC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sus acepciones latinoamericanas&lt;/a&gt;, que son distintas)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;frajenco (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=INmsZr2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Aragón)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;garrapo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IwXjlLF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Salamanca)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gocho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JHgCWBY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gorrino (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JMhi1lS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1., 2.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gorrín (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JMfxj79&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gruñente (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JaUsfwx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; germanía)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;guarro (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JlEyE0Z%7CJlFyrV3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;guarín (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JkW2ri5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Un hipónimo bastante específico)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gurriato (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JtkpH7i%7CJtkvLDG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; León, Salamanca y Zamora)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;güirro (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JreyO2a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Parece el equivalente costarricense a 'guarín')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;lechón (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N3A14KR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1. ó 3.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;malandar (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Nz15HiR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;marrano (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OTsV0OJ%7COTslzYG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;puerco (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UaBS0qP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;rungo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WqPTGa7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Un hipónimo salmantino)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sancho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XBNb6f1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.&lt;/a&gt; Teruel)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;seta (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XQoSMnA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4.&lt;/a&gt; cerda)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;seda&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tarasca (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZBA6fCG%7CZBAZqvU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Sólo en femenino)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;trasca (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aPDJOH2%7CaPJwCgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Similar a 'tarasca')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tunco (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=auRDq9n%7CauSvnmp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; El Salvador, Honduras y México)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;varraco (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bOQrBo3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt; Como 'verraco')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;verraco (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=beyYx9a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;verrón (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bf79oUB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;coche (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ZO4sFe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;36.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;macho (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NndQJAy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;13.&lt;/a&gt; Cuba)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19459" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-22T21:57:51.873" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:57:51.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-25T15:44:45.327" Score="1" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo general, para incorporar un tono amable en el diálogo, se usa el imperfecto de subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija &lt;strong&gt;quisiera&lt;/strong&gt; una torta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Qué otras maneras de pedir comida cortésmente existen?&lt;/strong&gt; Específicamente, busco:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un modo de incluir «por favor» gramaticalmente en la oración;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una estructura sintáctica que sea menos pasiva o que directamente pide algo del servidor (en lugar de simplemente informarlo que se quiere algo); y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una explicación de variaciones regionales (si existen).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T02:24:26.463" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T02:39:29.880" Title="¿Cómo se pide comida amablemente/cortésmente?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26401" CreationDate="2018-05-25T20:18:53.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerda que hablar más formalmente no significa hablar educadamente y esto es algo que he sostenido en otras respuestas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/25831/qu%C3%A9-connotaci%C3%B3n-tiene-la-construcci%C3%B3n-impersonal-al-pedir-permiso-o-cosas/25834#25834&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; connotaci&amp;#243;n tiene la construcci&amp;#243;n impersonal al pedir permiso o cosas?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quieres ser amable, tienes que aprender a pedir y no solo aprender a decir lo que quieres. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija quisiera una torta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podemos darnos cuenta de que estás siendo cortés, pero no educado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ¿cómo podemos lograr esto?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Preguntando, pidiendo y sobre todo añadiendo: &lt;strong&gt;buenos dias, por favor y gracias&lt;/strong&gt;! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente, una técnica es saber si estás llevando a cabo una comunicación asertiva; esto se logra a través de preguntarte si con lo que estas diciendo puedes esperar la respuesta que necesitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, si dices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hija quisiera una torta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedes esperar una respuesta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T20:49:11.013" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T20:49:11.013" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26401" CreationDate="2018-05-25T20:52:26.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar algo similar a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes traerle una torta mi hija por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14493" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T22:37:29.993" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T22:37:29.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24284" CreationDate="2018-05-26T18:28:11.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As guifa says in a comment, the sound change of /ks/ to /x/ was blocked when the letter &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; was followed by a consonant. In these circumstances /ks/ was generally reduced to /s/, with the /ks/ pronunciation re-emerging as a form of hypercorrection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;-&lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;-&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The evidence indicates that this Latin letter represented [ks]. The development of the sound in Vulgar Latin and in the Romance languages varied from region to region, with more changes occurring in Spanish than in any other case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Castilian territory the [ks] &gt; [js] &gt; [sj] &gt; [š]. This last phone leveled with [ž] from Latin J and G (e, i) in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and the resulting [š] gradually became [χ] by 1650. In the nineteenth century the Spanish Royal Academy did away with the spelling &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;, except in Latinisms such as &lt;em&gt;examen, sexta,&lt;/em&gt; and words such as &lt;em&gt;dixe&lt;/em&gt; are now spelled with &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;dije&lt;/em&gt;). In Mexico, especially, the &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; has been retained in words of Indian origin to represent a primitive [š] (Mexico, Xalapa, Oaxaca), now [χ], and in Yucatan one still hears the [š] (Uxmal) among the Maya- speaking inhabitants or among foreigners ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is to be noted that the evolution of X to an ultimate [χ] did not take place when it was supported by a consonant&lt;/strong&gt; as in FRÁX(I)NU &gt; &lt;em&gt;fresno&lt;/em&gt;, SÉXTA &gt; &lt;em&gt;siesta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;and where X has been retained before a consonant, generally represents [s]&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;extraño&lt;/em&gt; [estráño], &lt;em&gt;experiencia&lt;/em&gt; [esperjénsja]).&lt;sup&gt;135&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the other Romance languages the -X- [ks] usually became a sibilant or retained its original Latin value. In Catalan and Portuguese the descendents are [s] (&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;) and [s] (&lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;) and the letter X has been extended to represent [š] of other origins than Latin X:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arabic [š] (P. &lt;em&gt;xadrez&lt;/em&gt; C. &lt;em&gt;aixedres&lt;/em&gt;), Latin -PS- (P. C. &lt;em&gt;caixa&lt;/em&gt;). In Catalan the [č] is represented normally by &lt;em&gt;tx&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;136&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;135. In the latter type [s] (= &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; preceding consonant), hypercorrection often produces [ks] or [gs] through pedantic school teaching, i.e. &lt;em&gt;sexta&lt;/em&gt; [séksta] and &lt;em&gt;extrano&lt;/em&gt; [ekstráno]. This is not the popular pronunciation however.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1WZfAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22x%20ks%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;An Introduction to Romance Linguistics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Delos Lincoln Canfield, John Cary Davis (p.92-93)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, words with an 'x' spelling come under three categories in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...xV...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(x followed by vowel, naturally inherited from Latin to Spanish)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;⟨x⟩ /ks/  →  ⟨x⟩ [js]  →  ⟨x⟩ [sj]  →  ⟨x⟩ /ʃ/  →  ⟨j⟩ /ʃ/  →  ⟨j⟩ /x/&lt;/code&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;em&gt;exemplus&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;exemplo&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;ejemplo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...x...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(loanword at time when &quot;x&quot; was pronounced &lt;code&gt;/ʃ/&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;⟨x⟩ /ʃ/  →  ⟨j/x⟩ /ʃ/  →  ⟨j/x⟩ /x/&lt;/code&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;sub&gt;(Nahuatl: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23602/18348&quot;&gt;Mēxihco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  →  )&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26627/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/245/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e.g. &lt;sub&gt;(Catalán: &lt;em&gt;boxus&lt;/em&gt;   →  &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25539/18348&quot;&gt;boix&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  →  )&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;box&lt;/em&gt; →  &lt;em&gt;boj&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...xC...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(x followed by consonant, naturally inherited from Latin to Spanish)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;⟨x⟩ /ks/  →  ⟨x⟩ [s]  →  ⟨x⟩ [ks]~[gs]~[s]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;em&gt;expertus&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;experto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...x...&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(x, learned Latin borrowing)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;⟨x⟩ /ks/  →  ⟨x⟩ [ks]~[gs]~[s]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;em&gt;proximus&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;próximo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T09:22:35.290" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T09:22:35.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="913" CreationDate="2018-05-28T00:27:06.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an exciting debate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker who has also lived abroad, I have to say that this reminds me strongly of the debate &lt;em&gt;americano-estadounidense&lt;/em&gt;. That is, there are cultural, political and military aspects that lend themselves to the discussion which could not be ignored. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a complex debate, I believe it should be given a holistic analysis, for example, as members of the Spanish speaking community, as members of European or the Americas, and from the view of people whose mother language is not Spanish. As someone pointed out well, there is no unambiguous answer to the difference español-castellano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wholly understand the point made by a few Spaniards in this forum, but I think the debate should not be done in terms of the official language imposed in Franco's times versus accepting that there are different dialects within that country. After all, even though the language originates in Spain, long gone are the days that Spain was the country to decide how the language should be named. Spanish is no longer &quot;property&quot; of Spain, and although the language has a logic inside that country, the Spanish language belongs to many countries and when someone from another country thinks of Spanish, they do not think of the differences in dialects within a single country, but of the common language of those many countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I believe the best word for the language is Spanish, and Castilian can be reserved when referring to the dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for speaking, in English, I find it only natural to say &quot;I speak Spanish&quot;, I do not think anyone has ever said &quot;I speak Castillan&quot;. And the same applies when speaking in Spanish, ever from my childhood, I was raised &lt;em&gt;con el español como lengua madre&lt;/em&gt;, but I never ever said &lt;em&gt;el castellano es mi lengua materna&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone pointed out that the Castilian stands for the Spanish spoken in Latin America, and I believe that is partly true, but not for the reasons that person brings forward. The fact of the matter is that the colonizers of Central and South America hailed mostly from Castille, and of course, spoke the Castilian dialect. Hence even though the language originally spoken in Latin America was Castilian Spanish, what is spoken nowadays and for about 400 years is not the same as what might be considered original Castilian Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T00:27:06.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-28T06:05:56.933" Score="2" ViewCount="6199" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a01DbdA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de tomo y lomo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. coloq. De consideración o importancia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. coloq. desus. De mucho bulto y peso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntándome estoy por el origen de esta expresión, dado que la segunda acepción hace referencia a algo de mucho bulto, por lo que la expresión me hace pensar en tomos de una enciclopedia, con sus respectivos lomos visibles y haciendo bulto en la estantería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;tomo&lt;/em&gt; tiene una acepción en desuso (&quot;importancia, valor y estima&quot;) que podría haber dado origen a la primera acepción de la citada expresión (&quot;de consideración o importancia&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos al &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, vemos que la acepción mencionada de &lt;em&gt;tomo&lt;/em&gt; no estaba en desuso por el siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Metaphoricamente significa importancia, valor, y estima.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hallarémos que son unas cosas, que bien apuradas no tienen &lt;em&gt;tomo&lt;/em&gt;, ni substancia ninguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Covarrubias no encuentro nada parecido, como mucho este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cosa de tomo, lo que hinche la mano, y la voluntad. [Henchir: vale llenar.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si algo que es &quot;cosa de tomo&quot; lo es porque llena la voluntad, es que es algo realmente de importancia. Por la misma época en la que se publicó el Covarrubias se empiezan a encontrar los primeros casos de la expresión que nos ocupa en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Señor, yo busco las mujeres que lo sean de tomo y lomo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agustín de Rojas Villadrando, &quot;El viaje entretenido&quot;, 1603 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llególe a Bartolo al alma / que es por extremo celoso, / y teme al competidor, / que es mozo de tomo y lomo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gabriel Lobo Lasso de la Vega, &quot;Manojuelo de romances&quot;, 1601 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve por los ejemplos de entonces que la expresión se aplicaba a personas, y la acepción aplicada a personas de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NalcFKk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lomo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;parte inferior y central de la espalda&quot;. En todo caso, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; se recoge que la expresión ya se usaba en el siglo XVIII aplicada a cosas además de a personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi suposición es que la expresión no hacía referencia a los libros, como yo pensaba, sino que hacía referencia a personas que eran gente importante tanto en el plano intelectual (&quot;cosa de tomo&quot;) como en el físico (&quot;tenían un buen lomo&quot;), usando la palabra &lt;em&gt;lomo&lt;/em&gt; por su parecido con &lt;em&gt;tomo&lt;/em&gt; y creando así una expresión que perduraría en el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es mi suposición correcta? ¿Se conocen casos de la expresión anteriores al siglo XVII? ¿Es la expresión &quot;cosa de tomo&quot; (que sí se encuentra en textos del siglo XVI) originaria de &quot;de tomo y lomo&quot;? ¿Hay casos anteriores al &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; de la expresión &quot;de tomo y lomo&quot; aplicada a cosas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-06-22T22:05:53.367" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;de tomo y lomo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16712" CreationDate="2018-05-28T07:50:08.050" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first I thought that it was just another case of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;polysemy&lt;/a&gt;, a word with two unrelated meanings, but then I investigated further...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that in the 18th century the word &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt; and its derived word &lt;em&gt;gatillo&lt;/em&gt; were already used as words for any kind of curved instruments. So we have, according to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; from 1734:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GATO. Significa también cierto instrumento que sirve para agarrar y asir fuertemente la madera, y hacerla venir al término que se pretende.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  GATO. Se llama asímismo un instrumento que consta de tres garfios de acero, y sirve para reconocer y examinar el alma de los cañones y piezas de artillería.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  GATO. En la Náutica es un instrumento de madera que tiene dentro un tornillo grueso de hierro, con el cual se levanta cualquier cosa por pesada que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this last description coincides with the current knowledge of what a jack is. Also, you can see the following descriptions for &lt;em&gt;gatillo&lt;/em&gt; (a diminutive form for &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GATILLO. Se llama también cierto instrumento de hierro a modo de tenaza, con que se sacar las muelas y dientes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  GATILLO. Se llama asímismo en los arcabuces y demás armas de fuego, el hierro que sostiene la llave, y retirado con el movimiento, cae con violencia, y herido el pedernal del rastrillo, con la chispa se enciende la pólvora y sale el tiro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second meaning describes a &lt;em&gt;trigger&lt;/em&gt;, and the first one a device to extract teeth. I've seen in some texts that this device could be made in the same form as a nutcracker, with curved ends. And a &lt;em&gt;trigger&lt;/em&gt; is also curved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, any device with a curved form, including the way a jack &lt;em&gt;curves&lt;/em&gt; itself, seems to have been designated after the way a cat curves its back. I'm looking for a text that confirmes this point, but I haven't found anything so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-11-05T09:09:07.933" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T09:09:07.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26412" CreationDate="2018-05-28T07:58:52.450" Score="3" ViewCount="1272" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la Región de Murcia (y supongo que en zonas aledañas) hay un plato muy típico, que es el &lt;strong&gt;arroz con pava&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VO8YN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VO8YN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente es una paella de verduras, a veces con bacalao. Pero el nombre no es porque lleve además carne de pavo hembra, no; &lt;strong&gt;lo de &quot;con pava&quot; es porque lleva &lt;em&gt;coliflor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los recetarios que se pudieren encontrar con una simple &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=arroz%20con%20pava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búsqueda en Google&lt;/a&gt; dirán que el motivo es que por estas tierras a la coliflor se le dice &quot;pava&quot;, aunque yo la verdad es que solo he visto usar esa denominación cuando se habla de este plato en concreto; nunca vi a ningún agricultor hablar de &quot;plantar pava&quot; o de &quot;regar las pavas&quot;, ni ninguna lonja donde las cajas que descargaban los camiones pusieran &quot;pava&quot; en vez de &quot;coliflor&quot; (al contrario que, por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1aYBPWk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;alcaciles&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en vez de alcachofas o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SnkrHDf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;pésoles&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en lugar de guisantes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para más inri, en el DLE ninguna de las entradas para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=pava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pava&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; recoge su significado como &quot;coliflor&quot;, así que no es de ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: aceptado el hecho de que en el sureste de España a la coliflor se le dice &quot;pava&quot;, al menos en algunos contextos... &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es el origen de este nombre?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Es quizá un arabismo o un catalanismo, como los ejemplos antes citados de &lt;em&gt;alcacil&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pésol&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T13:03:52.260" Title="Etimología de &quot;pava&quot; como nombre para la coliflor" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26411" CreationDate="2018-05-28T11:01:56.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo poco que he podido encontrar, parece que el &quot;arroz con pava&quot; debe su nombre a lo que se conoce como &quot;pava de huerta&quot;, que sería una traducción literal de la expresión catalana (o valenciana tal vez) &quot;indiota d'horta&quot;, siendo &quot;indiota&quot; una palabra usada para &quot;pava&quot; (el animal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te pongo algunos textos encontrados (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;També hi ha paelles, paelletes i arrossos vegetals- els arrossos “pobres” ja esmentats-, com els de créixens de Mallorca, amb espinacs, amb faves, amb castanyes, amb ceba- un clàssic valencià-, el de carabassa, amb penques, &lt;strong&gt;amb “pava de huerta” o indiota d’ horta (coliflor)&lt;/strong&gt;, amb carxofes i pèsols- molt típics d’ Alacant i Catalunya-, amb cigrons, amb fesols, amb llenties, amb fesols de careta… &lt;sub&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;https://blocs.mesvilaweb.cat/jaumefabrega/?p=267975&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;.]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que este texto no me deja claro si la expresión en catalán es traducción de la castellana o al revés. De la misma web pero otra entrada es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alguns d’ aquests arrossos “de crisi” reben noms humorístics com l’ ”Arròs amb indiota d’ horta”, que és un arròs valencià amb coliflor. &lt;sub&gt;[&lt;a href=&quot;https://blocs.mesvilaweb.cat/jaumefabrega/?p=242648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;.]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso sí que parece darse un origen valenciano al nombre. El texto habla de arroces &quot;pobres&quot; (para tiempos de crisis) que se hacen exclusivamente con verduras. Por tanto parece que el nombre vendría dado como para simular que el arroz tiene algo de carne, llamando &quot;pava de huerta&quot; a la coliflor, aunque de momento ignoro el motivo exacto, si es que lo hay más allá del mero afán eufemístico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T11:01:56.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-28T14:13:00.610" Score="3" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según un diccionario en inglés, 'disclaimer' es &quot;una sentencia que niega algo, especialmente responsabilidad&quot;. ¿Qué palabra o término en español se puede utilizar en su lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-28T14:56:24.507" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T15:31:15.283" Title="¿Qué palabra o término en español se puede utilizar para la palabra en inglés 'disclaimer'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-05-28T20:46:00.540" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2018-05-28T15:01:18.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi primer instinto es traducirlo como &lt;strong&gt;'renuncia'&lt;/strong&gt; o como &lt;strong&gt;'recusación'&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probablemente porque suelo ver la palabra 'disclaimer' en el ámbito web lo asocio a 'renuncia de responsabilidad' (y de hecho, puedes buscar 'renuncia de responsabilidad' en Google y verás que se usa en ese sentido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la misma dirección, la RAE acepta &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VXq9CuT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recusación&lt;/a&gt; como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. No querer admitir o aceptar algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque en el ámbito estrictamente jurídico tiene una acepción más específica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19459" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T15:01:18.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2018-05-28T15:01:55.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;DESCARGO DE RESPONSABILIDAD&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La respuesta que aquí se ofrece está basada en los conocimientos y experiencias personales de su autor. Los puntos de vista en ella declarados son responsabilidad del autor exclusivamente y Spanish.SE no se responsabiliza de los mismos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término que más he visto usar es el de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;descargo de responsabilidad&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Muchas veces puedes encontrar &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=descargo%20de%20responsabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;descarga&quot; en vez de &quot;descargo&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, pero es un uso incorrecto de &quot;descarga&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algunas empresas como Google usan también &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://policies.google.com/terms?hl=es&amp;amp;gl=es#toc-warranties-disclaimers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;renuncia de responsabilidad&lt;/a&gt;&quot;; mientras que otras como Mozilla usan &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/es-ES/about/legal/terms/mozilla/#1046-exclusion-de-garantias-y-limitacion-de-responsabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exclusión de garantías&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La RAE utiliza el término &lt;a href=&quot;https://enclave.rae.es/condiciones-de-uso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;exención de responsabilidad&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que además cuadra bastante bien si miramos la definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HEDFzOj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;exención&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Franqueza y libertad que alguien goza para eximirse de algún cargo u obligación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y que seguramente sería el más correcto, semánticamente hablando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-30T08:35:07.637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T08:35:07.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26387" CreationDate="2018-05-28T15:40:18.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de &quot;de tal palo, tal astilla&quot;, que yo considero el más común en español de España, se me ocurre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De casta le viene al galgo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17759" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T15:40:18.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2018-05-28T17:24:53.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Venezuela es mas común utilizar el término &lt;strong&gt;castrar&lt;/strong&gt;. Capar ciertamente lo utilizan los más ancianos, sin embargo se conoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19545" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T17:24:53.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2018-05-28T22:41:07.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia capar tiene otro par de acepciones:&#xA;Un uso un poco más alegórico: por ejemplo, cuando una novia no deja salir al novio a fiestas o lo que sea, se puede decir &quot;uy, la novia lo tiene capado&quot; (no creo haber escuchado el caso inverso).&#xA;También capar, por lo menos en Bogotá, tiene el uso de dar un golpe fuerte en la zona genital de un hombre: &quot;A Juan lo caparon de un balonazo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-28T22:41:07.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26422" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-29T01:30:53.410" Score="2" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there masculine and feminine ways to say &quot;Have a good day&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18854" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T05:52:37.410" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:38:03.533" Title="Are there gender-based ways to say &quot;Have a good day&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26425" CreationDate="2018-05-29T02:56:03.363" Score="1" ViewCount="28991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn Spanish and I am stuck in understanding the following. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Mucho gusto&quot; means, &quot;nice to meet you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &quot;muchas gracias&quot; means, &quot;thank you very much&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that &quot;muchas&quot; is plural and feminine and &quot;mucho&quot; is singular and masculine, but how does &quot;mucho&quot; in &quot;mucho gusto&quot; become &quot;nice to meet you&quot; but the &quot;muchas&quot; in &quot;muchas gracias&quot; becomes &quot;thank you very much&quot;, i.e. &quot;muchas&quot; becomes &quot;very much&quot; and &quot;mucho&quot; becomes not even sure what it means in &quot;mucho gusto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19547" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T06:38:06.703" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T14:18:54.290" Title="Difference between &quot;mucho&quot; and &quot;muchas&quot;" Tags="&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26423" CreationDate="2018-05-29T05:40:36.217" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You shouldn't try to learn another language based on translations. Your are not automatic translation software, so you'd better try to understand the underlying meaning of the original words instead. So let's see what &quot;mucho&quot; and &quot;gusto&quot; mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PytaXRE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mucho&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Numeroso, abundante, intenso.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Juk3i3t&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gusto&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Placer o deleite.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have &quot;mucho&quot; equals &quot;a great amount&quot; and &quot;gusto&quot; equals &quot;pleasure&quot;. So &quot;mucho gusto&quot; equals &quot;un gran placer&quot; or, as you say in English, &quot;a great pleasure&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answering your question, there's no difference between &quot;mucho&quot; and &quot;muchas&quot; beyond the use of the masculine/feminine and singular/plural to match the noun it affects (&quot;gusto&quot; or &quot;gracias&quot;). In both cases it means &quot;a great amount&quot; or &quot;abundant&quot; or &quot;above the standard amount&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Muchas gracias&quot;: My gratitude is above the standard amount.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Mucho gusto&quot;: My pleasure to meet you is above the standard amount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your confusion with the translation of &quot;mucho gusto&quot; as &quot;nice to meet you&quot; is that the word &quot;mucho&quot; is not translated. You have translated &quot;gusto en conocerte&quot; instead. Maybe a more accurate but not idiomatic translation would have been &quot;It's very nice [to meet you]&quot;, so there you have the word &quot;very&quot; that maybe helps you with understanding the word &quot;mucho&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T13:28:12.380" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T13:28:12.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26825" CreationDate="2018-05-29T08:49:44.030" Score="3" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Clutch&lt;/strong&gt;' is a term that's been &lt;a href=&quot;https://nba.nbcsports.com/2018/05/28/cavaliers-were-clutch-all-season-then-again-in-its-biggest-moment/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;used in classic sports&lt;/a&gt; for some time, but nowadays it is more relevant than ever in eSports:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dexerto.com/news/swag-clean-desert-eagle-clutch-nas-best-csgo-players/38429&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Swag's Clean Desert Eagle &lt;strong&gt;Clutch&lt;/strong&gt; Against Some of NA's Best CS:GO Players&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vandal.elespanol.com/esports/articulos/4333/rush-da-la-vuelta-al-mundo-con-este-clutch-4k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Breaking down Skadoodle's 1v4 &lt;strong&gt;clutch&lt;/strong&gt; vs. Astralis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://compete.kotaku.com/rocket-league-open-ends-in-clutch-overtime-goal-1822493317&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rocket League Open Ends In &lt;strong&gt;Clutch&lt;/strong&gt; Overtime Goal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dotesports.com/counter-strike/news/steel-clutch-vs-col-dh-tours-quals-2018-22614&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Steel’s &lt;strong&gt;clutch&lt;/strong&gt; vs coL gives Torqued its first qualifier spot at DreamHack Tours&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its meaning in this context is clear... kind of. As per the accepted answer in &lt;a href=&quot;https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/177879/what-is-a-clutch-in-competitive-gaming-not-in-the-car-sense&quot;&gt;this question back at Gaming.SE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Definitions of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/clutch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clutch&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (adjective):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;happening during a very important or critical time especially in a sports competition&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;able to perform well in a very important or critical situation especially in a sports competition&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This term has since migrated to competitive gaming, where is used in similar situations, usually in professional gaming events where there is a lot at stake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is one of those words that is short and simple while at the same time it describes a very specific setting.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That's probably the reason why Spanish specialized media use 'clutch' &lt;em&gt;as-is&lt;/em&gt;, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://esports.marca.com/csgo/giants-vence-g2-tras-cuatro-overtimes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://vandal.elespanol.com/esports/articulos/4333/rush-da-la-vuelta-al-mundo-con-este-clutch-4k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, instead of looking for a similar Spanish term. Even mainstream media like EL MUNDO shows some trouble picking a word for this concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) eso que los americanos llaman &lt;strong&gt;clutch&lt;/strong&gt;, digamos ser decisivo cuando el sol más calienta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/deportes/baloncesto/2018/05/29/5b0c59a9e2704ed5318b45f6.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly we know how to define the word in Spanish, but &lt;strong&gt;it'd be great if we could find a single word for it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How would you translate this concept to Spanish using just a couple words at most?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-07T05:11:41.333" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T05:11:41.333" Title="Spanish for 'clutch' as used in eSports?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26411" CreationDate="2018-05-29T13:03:52.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No podía encontrar mucho sobre sus raíces, pero parece que viene específicamente de la aldea de La Arboleja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iQ9Vkm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iQ9Vkm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7E-oAy9lancC&amp;amp;pg=PA132&amp;amp;dq=pava+coliflor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario incompleto de la Región de Murcia: textos para la radio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Francisco Alemán Saínz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rSRKAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;dq=pava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vocabulario Del Dialecto Murciano: Con un Estudio Preliminar y un Apéndice de Documentos Regionales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Justo García Soriano (1932)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://digitum.um.es/jspui/bitstream/10201/41706/1/El%20cuento%20folcl%C3%B3rico%20en%20Cartagena.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Revista Murciana de Antropología - El cuento folclórico en Cartagena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, por Anselmo J. Sánchez Ferra, sugiere en una note de pie que puede ser relacionado con &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.saberespractico.com/curiosidades/diccionario-murciano-espanol-por-orden-alfabetico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el otro significado&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;pava&lt;/em&gt; en murciano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pava es también nombre aplicado en la región a la coliflor, &#xA;  planta cuya cocción arroja un aroma desagradable que tal vez puede haber sugerido la asociación pava/pedo; pero el D.R.A.E. apunta para este término la acepción de “fuelle grande usado en ciertos hornos metálicos”, y el sonido del aire exhalado por el fuelle plantea otra posible explicación para este significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(paj. 240, nota 30)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T13:03:52.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2018-05-29T13:24:34.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Have a good day&quot; is usually used in second person. Which is genderless.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Unless you say &quot;I hope he/she might have a good day&quot;, where you can actually say &quot;Espero que él/ella tenga un buen día&quot;. But in second person you'll have to say &quot;Que tenga/tengas un buen día&quot;, where you are not using gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T13:24:34.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26423" CreationDate="2018-05-29T14:12:47.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that you are comparing equivalent sentences that are not exact translations of each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mucho gusto&lt;/strong&gt; does not translate &lt;strong&gt;nice to meet you&lt;/strong&gt; but it is equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The full sentence would be &lt;strong&gt;Me da mucho gusto en conocerte&lt;/strong&gt; which would be &lt;strong&gt;I feel very pleased on meeting you&lt;/strong&gt;. Here &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the other example &lt;em&gt;muchas gracias&lt;/em&gt; does mean &lt;em&gt;thank you VERY much&lt;/em&gt; where again &lt;strong&gt;muchas&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now you can see that in both cases &lt;em&gt;mucho, mucha&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; for masculine and feminine respectively and &lt;em&gt;muchos, muchas&lt;/em&gt; are the same but for the plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;a lot, very, much&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T14:18:54.290" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T14:18:54.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26430" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26431" CreationDate="2018-05-29T14:42:03.617" Score="1" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble finding information about how to conjugate when different people are performing an action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is, &quot;I want to see my friends paint.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I get stuck on is whether the last verb is conjugated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yo quiero ver mis amigos [pintan / pintar]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15148" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T15:02:14.140" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T15:42:02.123" Title="verb conjugation for multiple actors in a sentence" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26430" CreationDate="2018-05-29T15:00:27.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case you actually don't need to conjugate the verb &lt;em&gt;pintar&lt;/em&gt;. There are two alternatives: one using the infinitive, another using the gerund.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero ver a mis amigos &lt;strong&gt;pintar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero ver a mis amigos &lt;strong&gt;pintando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is very slight, mostly the same as in English (&quot;I want to see my friends paint&quot; vs. &quot;I want to see my friends painting&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd only need to conjugate the verb if you were using a full subordinate phrase, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero ver a mis amigos &lt;strong&gt;mientras pintan&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I want to see my friends &lt;strong&gt;while they paint&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero ver a mis amigos &lt;strong&gt;que están pintando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I want to see my friends &lt;strong&gt;who are painting&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all of the above, note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero...&lt;/em&gt; is more natural than &lt;em&gt;Yo quiero...&lt;/em&gt;; you can safely drop the pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You must say &lt;em&gt;«Ver &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; mis amigos»&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;*«Ver mis amigos»&lt;/em&gt;. This is the so-called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/persa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P. S. Useful link (advanced, in Spanish): this answer of mine about &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26280/14627&quot;&gt;infinitives in subordinates with verbs of perception&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T15:42:02.123" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T15:42:02.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26379" CreationDate="2018-05-29T19:18:29.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;98 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ti acepto todo sin condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te animo a ir donde quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu ira y miedos retengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi no guardes lo que te avergüenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T19:18:29.047" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-29T19:18:29.047" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2018-05-29T19:35:33.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is ambiguous: it might refer to different &lt;strong&gt;traditionally gendered ways&lt;/strong&gt; to say «have a good day», or just &lt;strong&gt;gramatically distinct&lt;/strong&gt; ways to say it. But in any case, either interpretation has the same answer: no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of slightly different ways to wish someone a good day in this conventional manner, but none specifically used by male or female speakers only, or towards male or female hearers. That is, &lt;em&gt;«Que tengas un buen día»&lt;/em&gt; and its variants are not traditionally gendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, there are several grammatical variants to this phrase, but they don't include differences in grammatical gender for the speaker or the hearer. &lt;em&gt;«Que tengas un buen día»&lt;/em&gt; has only one verb, which is in the second person singular, and the second person singular has no grammatical gender distinction in Spanish. You can find this sentence also in its formal version, with &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt; (corresponding to &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;) or, if addressed to several people, with &lt;em&gt;tengan&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt;) or &lt;em&gt;tengáis&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could only find grammatical gender here if you actually included the second person plural informal pronoun &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (only in Spain), which is &lt;em&gt;vosotras&lt;/em&gt; in the feminine, but that's rather farfetched, mainly because salutations tend to be short and the pronoun is most likely to be dropped in any case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T19:35:33.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26434" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26435" CreationDate="2018-05-29T22:51:13.763" Score="1" ViewCount="391" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según un sitio en internet, &quot;sanata&quot; es una palabra de origen argentino que se usa en Argentina y Uruguay (dialecto español rioplatense). ¿Tiene esta palabra uso fuera de estos países? ¿Puedes utilizarla con habitantes de otros países hispanos y que estos te entiendan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user19397" LastEditDate="2018-05-30T06:21:16.017" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T07:13:20.637" Title="¿Tiene la palabra &quot;sanata&quot; uso fuera del español rioplatense?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26434" CreationDate="2018-05-30T07:13:20.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para estos casos te recomiendo que uses el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, accesible desde las webs de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la ASALE&lt;/a&gt;, seleccionando en el desplegable del tipo de diccionario el denominado así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sanata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;I.  1.  f. &lt;em&gt;Ar; Ur&lt;/em&gt;, p.u.&#xA;  Conversación, discurso o explicación larga y pesada. pop + cult →&#xA;  espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;2.    &lt;em&gt;Ar&lt;/em&gt;. Embuste,&#xA;  mentira. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las marcas &lt;em&gt;Ar, Ur&lt;/em&gt; indican que solo se usa en Argentina y Uruguay. De hecho, en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada de la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; enlazada &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26434/tiene-la-palabra-sanata-uso-fuera-del-espa%C3%B1ol-rioplatense#comment43858_26434&quot;&gt;por Leonardo&lt;/a&gt; se indica que la palabra es típica del lunfardo, confirmando su uso solo en esa zona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por la primera acepción registrada, palabras similares pueden ser &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vock8Zx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reláfica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (usada en Venezuela) y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WdApXKx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rollo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (usada en España, ver acepción 13).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T07:13:20.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28565" CreationDate="2018-05-30T09:16:09.297" Score="8" ViewCount="894" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un par de días me encontré con el siguiente titular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/cartagena/2018/05/28/pullmantur-escalara-primera-vez-ciudad/925693.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pullmantur escalará por primera vez en Cartagena este año.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me chocó el uso del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G6T25Xg|G6TYQPC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pues ninguna de las acepciones recogidas en el DLE le dan el significado de &lt;em&gt;hacer escala&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que es la locución usada habitualmente en estos casos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, tengo bastante claro que el uso de &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt; en la forma en que lo hace el titular es, si no incorrecto, sí al menos &quot;novedoso&quot;. Pero no es esa mi pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a la locución &lt;em&gt;hacer escala&lt;/em&gt;, consultando el DLE vemos que se basa en la etimología de 'escala' como 'puerto':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G67txjD#RjPRbfW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escala&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;scala&lt;/em&gt; 'escalera'; en aceps. 8 y 9, del it. &lt;em&gt;scala&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. bizant. σκάλα &lt;em&gt;skála&lt;/em&gt; 'puerto'.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Parada que efectúa una embarcación o una aeronave entre su punto de origen y el de destino. &lt;em&gt;La escala en Lisboa se alargó más de lo previsto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Lugar donde tocan las embarcaciones o las aeronaves entre su punto de origen y el de destino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí la locución &lt;em&gt;hacer escala&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;hacer parada un barco o aeronave&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo, pues, que el razonamiento de quien escribió el titular fue que, &lt;strong&gt;de igual manera que decimos &quot;parar&quot; en lugar de &quot;hacer parada&quot;, se puede decir &quot;escalar&quot; en lugar de &quot;hacer escala&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis preguntas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DLE aparte, &lt;strong&gt;¿sería correcto el razonamiento indicado?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Se puede aplicar en cualquier caso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Está establecido este uso de 'escalar' en campos específicos&lt;/strong&gt; (agencias de viajes, turismo, gestión de aerolíneas...)? ¿O ha sido más bien una ocurrencia del autor de la noticia?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:37:27.873" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:37:27.873" Title="Uso del verbo &quot;escalar&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;hacer escala&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-30T10:23:16.823" Score="3" ViewCount="833" Body="&lt;p&gt;Llevo usando esta frase desde que me la enseñaron el primer año de la universidad, y seguro que para entonces ya era antigua... pero ¿de dónde viene esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eres más heavy que el viento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sé que en teoría &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt; no es un vocablo español, pero desde luego se usa para el estilo musical y para los valores asociados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una frase que he escuchado en España. Lo de la universidad era para decir que la frase ya tiene añitos...contad con que fue a finales del siglo pasado. Y no, no es ni mucho menos exclusiva de ámbitos universitarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, antes de preguntar busqué en Google (1320 resultados) y se encuentra de todo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telecinco.es/elprogramadeanarosa/2012/febrero/01-02-2012/ana-rosa-fan-obus_4_1358235032.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Han usado la frase para presentar al cantante de Obús en el programa de Ana Rosa (una presentadora de TV en España)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.comunidadumbria.com/comunidad/galerias-de-fotos/foto/2606&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Foto con ese nombre, de 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://open.spotify.com/user/1169737901/playlist/44ehJpC9Pnswo5Jhw976xI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Playlist de spotify con ese título&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cinemania.elmundo.es/noticias/el-cine-del-metal-10-peliculas-mas-heavies-que-el-viento/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El cine del Metal: 10 películas más ‘heavies’ que el viento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/groups/295510649382/about/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grupo de Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://heavyrock.foroespana.com/t1246-mas-heavy-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un foro en el que se tenía que rellenar &quot;soy más heavy que...&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19556" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-05-30T18:21:47.490" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T05:54:24.597" Title="Origen de la frase &quot;más heavy que el viento&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19548" CreationDate="2018-05-30T10:34:05.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un registro más culto, también existe el término &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procusto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lecho de Procusto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;procústeo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Procusto era un personaje mitológico que exigía un ajuste exacto de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=hu%E9sped&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huéspedes&lt;/a&gt; a la cama que les ofrecía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la víctima era alta y su cuerpo era más largo que la cama, procedía&#xA;  a serrar las partes del cuerpo que sobresalían: los pies y las manos o&#xA;  la cabeza. Si, por el contrario, era de menor longitud que la cama, lo&#xA;  descoyuntaba a martillazos hasta estirarlo (de aquí viene su nombre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en el sentido de hacer encajar algo a la fuerza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un &lt;strong&gt;lecho de Procusto&lt;/strong&gt;, también llamado &lt;strong&gt;cama de Procusto&lt;/strong&gt;, es un estándar&#xA;  arbitrario para el que se fuerza una conformidad exacta. Se aplica&#xA;  también a aquella &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seudociencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falacia seudocientífica&lt;/a&gt; en la que se tratan de&#xA;  deformar los datos de la realidad para que se adapten a la hipótesis&#xA;  previa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ergonomía, se usa el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;procústeo&lt;/em&gt; si son las personas las que se deben adaptar a la fuerza a los objetos y no al contrario (como sería deseable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En general se denomina &lt;strong&gt;procústeo&lt;/strong&gt; a aquello opuesto a lo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergon%C3%B3mico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ergonómico&lt;/a&gt; , es&#xA;  decir, que parte de la idea de que es la persona quien debe adaptarse&#xA;  a los objetos y no al revés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que estos términos pueden ser de utilidad en ciertos contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T10:34:05.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26440" CreationDate="2018-05-30T11:34:59.853" Score="5" ViewCount="983" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comenzando a leer los preliminares del Quijote me encuentro con que se emplea la expresión «saber de coro» (que significa &quot;saber de memoria&quot;). Más allá de que una nota al pie lo aclara, el contexto lo dejaba en claro y además la expresión parece un calco fonético del portugués «&lt;em&gt;(saber) de cor&lt;/em&gt;», que significa precisamente eso (y el verbo portugués &lt;em&gt;decorar&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;memorizar&quot; además de &quot;ornamentar&quot;). Lo achaqué a la antigüedad del texto. Sin embargo buscando rápidamente encuentro que José Martí utiliza esta misma expresión en una carta fechada en 1883. En un diccionario español de 1786 &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=rpVgQDEcD7kC&amp;amp;lpg=PA525&amp;amp;ots=LaN8KMupby&amp;amp;dq=%22saber%20de%20coro%22&amp;amp;pg=PA525#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22saber%20de%20coro%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la misma&lt;/a&gt; aparece también con su entrada propia.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿cuándo dejó de ser usada esta expresión? ¿Era arcaizante ya a fines del siglo XIX? Y sobre todo, ¿cuál es su origen (etimológico, figurativo)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T06:02:56.610" Title="¿De dónde viene y hasta cuándo se usó «saber de coro»?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26439" CreationDate="2018-05-30T11:56:04.760" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me ha resultado muy llamativo que, al igual que en inglés se dice &quot;I know it by heart&quot; para &quot;me lo sé de memoria&quot;, haciendo referencia al corazón, esta expresión tenga su origen en el mismo órgano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cito el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CORO. Se toma tambien por memória. Usase regularmente de esta voz con las phrases Saber, decir, ò tomar de coro. [...] Vemos que la memória del celébro se halla en el corazón virtualmente, de donde tuvo origen esta habla Castellana, con que decimos &lt;em&gt;tomar de coro&lt;/em&gt;, por decir tomar de corde, ò de corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que esta creencia de que la memoria se hallaba en el corazón influyó en la creación de las expresiones portuguesa, inglesa y española (al menos). Veo conforme voy examinando el NTLLE que la expresión se mantuvo en el diccionario bastante tiempo. De hecho, en la edición de 1899 del DLE se registra la expresión &quot;Coro (De)&quot; en una entrada aparte a la habitual de &quot;Coro&quot; por tener una etimología diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coro (De).&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;cor&lt;/em&gt;, ánimo.) m. adv. De memoria. Ú. regularmente con los verbos &lt;em&gt;decir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo que la expresión se marcara en ningún momento como &quot;en desuso&quot;, no al menos hasta muy recientemente: en la edición de 1992 del DLE se mantiene la entrada &quot;Coro (de)&quot; pero ya con la marca &quot;poco usada&quot;. Y de hecho, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AuszJke&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sigue en el diccionario a día de hoy&lt;/a&gt;, con la misma marca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, las palabras españolas &lt;em&gt;recordar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;acordarse&lt;/em&gt; también contienen esa raíz &lt;em&gt;cor&lt;/em&gt;. Según Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RECORDAR 'tener recuerdo de algo', 1220-50. Del latín RECORDARI íd. (derivado de COR 'corazón'). De este verbo derivó además el castellano su &lt;em&gt;acordarse&lt;/em&gt; 'tener memoria de algo', 1240, ajeno a las demás lenguas romances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-05-31T06:02:56.610" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T06:02:56.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26441" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-30T12:55:15.977" Score="2" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según WordReference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/vericueto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vericueto&lt;/a&gt; m. Sitio alto y accidentado por el que es difícil andar: hay que andar por muchos vericuetos para llegar a la cima del monte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pl. Partes o aspectos más difíciles o escondidos de algo: los vericuetos de la ley.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me consta que estos sean todos sus significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿se podría usar la frase &amp;quot;tiene muchos vericuetos&amp;quot; para hablar de la dificultad que tiene un procedimiento o un protocolo para ejecutarse, que necesita de muchas vueltas para utilizarse? (Por ejemplo, una operación matemática, un algoritmo, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer significado citado por WordReference se le parece pero está claro que no tiene nada que ver con un sitio alto, aunque si son &amp;quot;lugares&amp;quot; difíciles de andar (entendiéndose por andar ir recorriendo y ejecutando los pasos de un procedimiento). ¿Puede utilizarse de esta manera o tiene la palabra &amp;quot;vericuetos&amp;quot; más significados que se puedan ajustar a esta idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T11:24:28.263" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;tiene muchos vericuetos&quot; cuando alguna tarea/actividad es dificil de concretar?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-30T13:09:39.030" Score="2" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero traducir la siguiente frase inglesa usando solo el verbo &lt;em&gt;ocurrir(se)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It never occurs to them that this would/might happen to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el negativo de la primera parte de la frase exige el subjuntivo en la segunda parte, así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se les ocurre que esto les ocurra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin embargo me suena un poco &quot;mejor&quot; el condicional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se les ocurre que esto les ocurriría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir, más como la frase original, aunque pueda ser una traducción demasiado literal del inglés. Si la segunda frase es correcta, quería saber por qué no se exige el subjuntivo aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-05-30T13:58:05.687" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T14:01:53.690" Title="¿Nunca se les ocurre que esto les ocurra/ocurriría?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26442" CreationDate="2018-05-30T14:01:53.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated by @Dgaleano the phrase sounds better with a podría, so you could translate the:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It never occurs to them that this would/might happen to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;into something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se les ocurre que esto les podría pasar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And generalizing the answer, there are some phrases of general usage for that like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nadie escarmienta en cabeza ajena&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means like: You have to do the things to feel the consequences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T14:01:53.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26452" CreationDate="2018-05-31T00:45:35.633" Score="3" ViewCount="445" Body="&lt;p&gt;El general y ministro, Conde de Lacy, mencionó «drogas» en la carta abajo mostrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) porque antiguamente aquel país se ha poblado con habitantes de Siberia, en donde se hacía todo el comercio de &lt;strong&gt;drogas&lt;/strong&gt; que se vendían en la feria de Novgorod...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su época ¿podía la palabra «&lt;strong&gt;drogas&lt;/strong&gt;» significar algo diferente de lo que entendemos hoy por drogas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GhRvD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GhRvD.png&quot; alt=&quot;La carta de Lacy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-31T18:30:06.433" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T20:31:24.070" Title="Significado de &quot;droga&quot; en siglo XVIII" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26437" CreationDate="2018-05-31T05:54:24.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro de si lo que quieres saber es cómo se originó la frase, cuándo se originó, o quién la originó. Solo puedo especular con lo primero, y es que creo que sencillamente la frase se originó por el concepto de &quot;mover las melenas al viento&quot; del mundo &lt;em&gt;jebi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo dice el propio artículo de las películas más 'heavies' que el viento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te presentamos una antología para mover tus melenas al viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También recuerdo este concepto en alguna que otra canción de Gigatrón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rebeldes de cuero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vibran sin cesar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  melenas al viento,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tachas y metal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gigatrón, &quot;Rebeldes de cuero&quot;, ¿1998?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigatron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gigatrón&lt;/a&gt; es un grupo de rock humorístico que parodia a los clásicos grupos de &lt;em&gt;heavy metal&lt;/em&gt;, pero aún así los tópicos existen por algo y el de las &quot;melenas al viento&quot; lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo del origen de las melenas asociadas al &lt;em&gt;heavy metal&lt;/em&gt; parece tema de debate, algunos dicen que viene heredado de la cultura de los 60 en la que tener el pelo largo (al menos en el mundo masculino) era señal de querer romper con lo establecido. De ahí pasó a las bandas de rock (busca fotos de Black Sabbath de los 70), y de ahí al &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt;. También hay quien asocia las melenas &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt; con la mitología vikinga (otro tópico del &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt;). Sea como sea, el &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt; y las melenas van  de la mano, y ¿qué mejor que el viento para mover y ondear esa melena y poder tener ese aspecto &lt;em&gt;heavy&lt;/em&gt; de película?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su fecha de origen, el problema es que no encuentro textos registrados ni en el CREA ni el el CORPES XXI que contengan la expresión. El más antiguo que encuentro en Google &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thesentinel.es/reportaje_weekendwarriors.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;es de 2002&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y por fin aparece, ¡y qué tía más maja, de verdad! ¡Y encima es más heavy que el viento!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T05:54:24.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26379" CreationDate="2018-05-31T07:23:45.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En orden de longitud, para que se vea cómo he llegado a la versión más corta (y por lo tanto de más libre interpretación).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;37 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te acepto, te dejo libre, te escucho sin juzgar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;24 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conmigo no tienes que fingir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;18 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conmigo puedes ser tú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El voseo argentino permite ahorrar el cambio de vocal pero compensa en el pronombre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conmigo podés ser vos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;11 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te dejo ser tú&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NB la letra original está claramente en plan indicativo. Es una oferta y no un mandamiento, así que no valdría &lt;em&gt;«Sé tú»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T07:23:45.367" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-05-31T07:23:45.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2018-05-31T10:28:07.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro las otras respuestas útiles pero intentaré aportar algo más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español existe &lt;strong&gt;trillado&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;camino trillado&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aeV4xFa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trillado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26447/12991&quot; title=&quot;adjetivo&quot;&gt;adj.&lt;/a&gt; Común y sabido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6xxQ4ub#BkT1sQR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;c̲a̲m̲i̲n̲o̲ trillado, o c̲a̲m̲i̲n̲o̲ trivial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26447/12991&quot; title=&quot;nombre masculino&quot;&gt;m.&lt;/a&gt; Modo común o regular de obrar o discurrir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos construir expresiones como &lt;strong&gt;salirse de lo trillado&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;reflexionar por caminos poco trillados&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atendiendo al origen de la expresión (el hecho de no inventarse limitaciones que no existen), creo que se puede añadir &lt;strong&gt;pensar sin encajonarse&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (obsérvese que el verbo se usa más como pronominal). Yo añadiría que se usa principalmente en sentido figurado, como en nuestro caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=encajonar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encajonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26447/12991&quot; title=&quot;verbo transitivo&quot;&gt;tr.&lt;/a&gt; Meter en un sitio angosto. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26447/12991&quot; title=&quot;Usado más como pronominal&quot;&gt;U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decirle a una persona &quot;think out of the box&quot; en inglés es como decirle en español &quot;piensa sin encajonarte&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto en cuanto al uso verbal. La expresión &lt;strong&gt;pensamiento sin encajonamiento&lt;/strong&gt; es algo cacofónica para traducir el sustantivo. Al menos, si nos empeñamos en usar &quot;pensar&quot; o &quot;pensamiento&quot;. Sin embargo, el verbo &lt;em&gt;to think&lt;/em&gt; aquí significa más &lt;strong&gt;idear&lt;/strong&gt;, puesto que siempre se usa en situaciones en las que, de lo que se trata, concretamente, es de inventar, resolver, crear… Traduciendo más libremente con el objetivo de reproducir con más fidelidad la idea que se intenta transmitir, el adjetivo que se me ocurre es &lt;strong&gt;audaz&lt;/strong&gt;. Se trata de &lt;em&gt;idear&lt;/em&gt; de forma &lt;em&gt;audaz&lt;/em&gt; o llegar a una &lt;em&gt;idea audaz&lt;/em&gt;. Y aquí voy a ser audaz yo también y voy a proponer algún que otro neologismo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Audacidear&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;audacidea&lt;/strong&gt;. El arte de tener ideas audaces sería &lt;em&gt;el audaz idear&lt;/em&gt; (en línea con &lt;a href=&quot;http://universojus.com/definicion/gaya-ciencia-o-gay-saber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;el gay saber&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). En inglés no sé cómo se diría de forma sencilla (¿&lt;em&gt;out-of-the-box-thinking&lt;/em&gt;?).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si a alguien le resultan estas palabras muy largas o complicadas de pronunciar tal vez se podría acortar a &lt;strong&gt;audear&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;audea&lt;/strong&gt; (existe el verbo latino &lt;em&gt;audĕo, -es, -ēre, ausus sum&lt;/em&gt;, de la misma raíz que &quot;audaz&quot; y &quot;osar&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Atrevidear&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;atrevidea&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ahora, eso se me ocurre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo la respuesta de &lt;strong&gt;Richard&lt;/strong&gt; y los comentarios de &lt;strong&gt;jalazbe&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Brian H.&lt;/strong&gt;, tengo que decir que sí que existe el &quot;ser cuadriculado&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BPcvXtY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuadriculado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26447/12991&quot; title=&quot;adjetivo&quot;&gt;adj.&lt;/a&gt; Rígido, poco flexible, cerrado a nuevas ideas o costumbres. &lt;em&gt;Es una persona de mente cuadriculada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, aunque supongo que en México se entiende lo de &quot;no ser cuadrado&quot;, &quot;no ser cuadriculado&quot; debería entenderlo cualquier &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/332775533853151232?lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hispanófono&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12991" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T10:28:07.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26448" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-05-31T13:30:15.167" Score="2" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando en la frase (por ejemplo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Sentía un dedo tocando su piel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y no sabía si fuera mejor así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Sentía un dedo que tocaba su piel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí la frase 1 no es correcta, porque en esta se usa el gerundio de manera adjetival, lo que, a mi entender, no está permitido. Sin embargo sé que con verbos de percepción este uso sí está permitido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miró a las chicas entrando en la sala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿es la frase 1 correcta? Si es correcta, ¿es correcta porque el verbo es de percepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-05-31T13:49:47.837" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T04:14:16.617" Title="Gerundios con verbos de percepción: ¿es correcto «sentía un dedo tocando su piel»?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26448" CreationDate="2018-05-31T16:08:23.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sentir&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo de percepción en el ejemplo dado (equivale a &lt;em&gt;percibir de manera táctil&lt;/em&gt;), por lo cual el uso del gerundio es correcto &#xA;en este caso, ya que está cubierto por la regla que mencionas. Más allá de eso, se trata de un &lt;strong&gt;gerundio predicativo&lt;/strong&gt; como el descripto en la NGLE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=beSPcKZRSCaapUrz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;27.1p&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Megsd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Megsd.png&quot; alt=&quot;NGLE 27.1p&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento expresado por el gerundio puede atribuirse al sujeto, al objeto directo (&lt;em&gt;un dedo&lt;/em&gt; en el ejemplo) y a ciertos otros complementos. Este uso es bastante más amplio que el de los verbos de percepción, al cual incluye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T16:08:23.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2018-05-31T19:59:25.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Living in the mountain villages in Guatemala, this word cuate means the closest of friends.  Hold up two crossed fingers, or snap the fingers (no-thumbstyle), and it's like you're twins. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19563" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T19:59:25.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26448" CreationDate="2018-05-31T20:00:54.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal vez esto debería ser un comentario mas que una respuesta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que la 1) me parece correcta, la 2) me parece incorrecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sentir es una percepción muy vaga que no te puede dar la noción especifica de un dedo de un evento tan impreciso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase quedaría mejor con &quot;vio&quot; en lugar de &quot;sintió&quot;, eliminando la ambigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso sonaría mejor cambiando el &quot;que&quot; antes del &quot;un&quot;, cambiando el sentido de la oración: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vió un dedo que tocaba su piel.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sintió que un dedo tocaba su piel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T04:14:16.617" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T04:14:16.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26444" CreationDate="2018-05-31T20:31:24.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un diccionario de esa época, dice esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DROGA. s. f. Qualquier género de especería; como incienso , goma , benjuí y otras varias especies aromáticas , simples , ó compuestas. Y tambien se comprehenden en esta palabra otros varios géneros de cosas ; como maná , xalapa , ruibarbo , bermellon , cardenillo , añil, &amp;amp;c. &lt;em&gt;Aromata , pharmacum.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/em&gt; (1780)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como puedes ver, su significado solía ser mucho más amplio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T20:31:24.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13680" CreationDate="2018-06-01T04:38:12.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primero, hay que definir el formato deseado: no conviene una frase negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, hay que imaginar una situación donde se usaría comúnmente esta frase.  Entonces, un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varias personas están en una reunión, buscando la solución de un problema, o tratando de mejorar algun plan de acción.  Entonces alguien, quizás el jefe/la jefa del grupo, exhorta a los compañeros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Quiero que &lt;strong&gt;consideren todas las opciones, hasta las más inesperadas&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque el que exhorta quiere que se desechan las premisas normales, para poder pensar con más creatividad, sin inhibiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Olviden las normas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T04:38:12.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-01T06:07:47.693" Score="3" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26444/12637&quot;&gt;La última pregunta de Aaron Brick&lt;/a&gt; nos ha puesto de manifiesto que el concepto de &lt;em&gt;droga&lt;/em&gt; hace un par de siglos no era el mismo que el concepto actual. Así, en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; leemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DROGA. s. f. Qualquier género de especería: como Incienso, goma, benjuí y otras varias espécies aromáticas, simples ò compuestas. Y tambien se comprehenden en esta palabra otros varios géneros de cosas: como Maná, xaiápa, ruibarbo, bermellon, cardenillo, añil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción, digamos, inocua de la palabra es la que generó posteriormente la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ECrYtnv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;droguería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;tienda en que se venden drogas&quot;, o su evolución en España: &quot;tienda en la que se venden productos de limpieza y pinturas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a pesar de que esta acepción de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ECdTcOk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;droga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se mantiene, hoy día la acepción con la que la conocemos mayoritariamente es otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sustancia o preparado medicamentoso de efecto estimulante, deprimente, narcótico o alucinógeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más, yo casi diría que se llama &lt;em&gt;droga&lt;/em&gt; a cualquier sustancia que provoque adicción o, como dice la tercera acepción, una &quot;afición obsesiva&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cómo evolucionó el concepto de &lt;em&gt;droga&lt;/em&gt; desde entonces hasta hoy para llegar a adquirir la acepción actual? ¿Cuál fue el punto de inflexión que hizo que la palabra modificase su significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría: en el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; aparece otra acepción de droga. La siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DROGA. Metaphoricamente vale embuste, mentira disfrazada y artificiosa, pretexto engañosamente fingido, y compuesto: y assi del que no trata verdád, y está en mala opinión, se dice, que quanto habla o hace es una pura droga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción de hecho se mantiene en el DLE pero está marcada como en desuso. Sin embargo, dado que una droga (de las alucinógenas) te puede hacer vivir una realidad falsa, disfrazada y artificiosa, ¿pudo influir este significado en la creación de la acepción actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T06:07:47.693" Title="Evolución del concepto de &quot;droga&quot; en el idioma español" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26456" CreationDate="2018-06-01T08:10:52.737" Score="1" ViewCount="626" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;droga&lt;/em&gt; es de esas cuyo origen parece estar discutido en todas partes. Aprovechando que la palabra parece tener el mismo origen en todas las lenguas en las que aparece, consultando &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/drug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;su etimología en la web de Etymonline&lt;/a&gt; leo (y traduzco):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] del francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;droge&lt;/em&gt; &quot;suministro, provisión&quot; (siglo XIV), a su vez de origen desconocido, tal vez del holandés medio o del bajo alemán &lt;em&gt;droge-vate&lt;/em&gt; &quot;barriles secos&quot; o &lt;em&gt;droge waere&lt;/em&gt; &quot;productos secos&quot;, y específicamente drogas o especias, con el primer elemento confundido por la palabra para designar al contenido [...] o porque las medicinas consistían mayormente en hierbas secas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aclara específicamente que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mismo origen dio lugar al español e italiano &lt;em&gt;droga&lt;/em&gt; y al sueco &lt;em&gt;drog&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web francesa del CNRTL &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/drogue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parece opinar lo mismo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palabra de origen discutido; entre las muchas hipótesis la más probable es que provenga del neerlandés medio &lt;em&gt;droge vate&lt;/em&gt; &quot;barriles secos&quot; a partir de los cuales, por substantivación, &lt;em&gt;droge&lt;/em&gt; se tomó como la descripción de los contenidos, &quot;productos secos; drogas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.etimo.it/?term=droga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimología contemplada en etimo.it&lt;/a&gt; es la misma que propone Corominas, la cual transcribo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palabra internacional de historia oscura, que en castellano parece procedente del Norte, probablemente de Francia. El origen último es incierto; quizá sea primitiva la acepción 'cosa de mala calidad', S. XV, y proceda de la palabra céltica que significa 'malo' (bretón &lt;em&gt;droug&lt;/em&gt;, galés &lt;em&gt;drwg&lt;/em&gt;, irlandés &lt;em&gt;droch&lt;/em&gt;), que se habría aplicado a las sustancias químicas y a las mercancías ultramarinas, por el mal gusto de aquéllas y por la desconfianza con que el pueblo mira toda clase de drogas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo todo esto uno se queda con la idea de que el origen de la palabra se pierde en algún lugar de Europa central. Y sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ECdTcOk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí es cuando llega la RAE&lt;/a&gt; y se marca un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0eD9A6d-uHs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se han perdido todos menos yo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ár. hisp. *&lt;em&gt;ḥaṭrúka&lt;/em&gt;; literalmente 'charlatanería'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso que el consenso principal sea que la palabra tenga un origen centroeuropeo y la RAE se desmarque diciendo que viene del árabe, y además de una palabra con una relación incierta con las drogas (entendidas como se hacía en el siglo XVI). En ediciones anteriores la RAE coincidió con el origen centroeuropeo (1899: &quot;Del anglosajón &lt;em&gt;drug&lt;/em&gt;, seco, árido, p.p. de &lt;em&gt;drigan&lt;/em&gt;, secar&quot;; 1914: &quot;Del neerlandés &lt;em&gt;droog&lt;/em&gt;, seco&quot;), luego pasó al árabe (1956: &quot;Del árabe &lt;em&gt;dawa'&lt;/em&gt;, medicina&quot;) y posteriormente decidió que no se conocía el origen (1992: &quot;De origen incierto&quot;). En 2001 se estableció la etimología actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunto: ¿qué motivos tiene la RAE para asegurar este origen de la palabra? ¿Cuáles son sus fuentes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T08:48:44.823" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T09:40:24.227" Title="Sobre la etimología discutida de la palabra &quot;droga&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26455" CreationDate="2018-06-01T09:40:24.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Motivos, ni idea; fuentes, los trabajos del recientemente nombrado académico Federico Corriente, que menciona dicha etimología en su discurso de entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Droga&lt;/strong&gt;, por ejemplo, viene del árabe hispánico &lt;em&gt;ḥaṭrúka&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente charlatanería); faltriquera, de &lt;em&gt;ḥaṭrikáyra&lt;/em&gt; (lugar para bagatelas) y andrajo, de &lt;em&gt;ḥaṭráč&lt;/em&gt; (necio, pelagatos). Todas, explicó Corriente, derivan de &lt;em&gt;ḥaṭr&lt;/em&gt;, la pronunciación andalusí de una raíz que significa parloteo o cháchara. Por eso, algunas de esas voces tienen que ver con algo falso, pretencioso o inútil, y así llegaron también a dialectos del norte de África, probablemente de mano de emigrantes andalusíes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2018/05/18/actualidad/1526648485_100200.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo que motivos ni idea, pero vaya, entiendo que el motivo es que la RAE comparte los resultados de estos estudios (supongo que, si no diesen credibilidad a las investigaciones del Sr. Corriente, no lo habrían nombrado académico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T09:40:24.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17583" CreationDate="2018-06-01T11:17:08.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(sacado de la respuesta de walen)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta porque también los estudiantes del español lo entenderían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También propongo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CLÁUSULA DE AUSENCIA DE GARANTÍA Y LIMITACIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDADES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que saqué de linguee.com como traducción de &quot;DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY&quot;.  Esta me gusta porque tiene el tono legalístico exagerado que hace funcionar &quot;DISCLAIMER&quot; como prólogo jocoso en un post de StackExchange.  De hecho se podría usar ya sea la primera mitad o la segunda mitad para dar el efecto deseado, es decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CLÁUSULA DE AUSENCIA DE GARANTÍA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LIMITACIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDADES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si uno quiere dar el mismo efecto pero con un poquito más sutileza, se podrían abandonar las mayúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DGaleano, una pregunta: ¿te has animado a editar algunas respuestas para quitar el anglicismo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T11:17:08.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8522" CreationDate="2018-06-01T12:07:38.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's compare the off the cuff, tossed off sentence you received&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario creo debes proponer tu sobre como disponer de esto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the same sentence with the accent marks, an optional comma and an optional &quot;que&quot; included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que debes proponer tú sobre cómo disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this person was &lt;em&gt;thinking&lt;/em&gt; was basically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que tú debes hacer una propuesta sobre cómo disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que debes proponer algo tú sobre cómo disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's common to put the &quot;tú&quot; after the verb for emphasis.  Also, we usually use &quot;proponer&quot; as a transitive verb (with an object), but it's also possible to use it without an object in a more conceptual way.  These factors might have added to your discomfort with the sentence as written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll confess that when I first looked at the emailed sentence, my first interpretation of &quot;tu sobre&quot; was &quot;your envelope,&quot; which is nonsense in this context, of course.  But native speakers of Spanish, which I am not, are experienced at intuiting where to mentally place omitted accents.  The sloppy leaving out of accents is extremely common and everybody but me seems to deal with this quite well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What made you most uncomfortable was the use of the word &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt;.  It's common in the construction &quot;hacer una propuesta sobre cómo hacer tal cosa&quot; (&lt;em&gt;make a proposal about how to do such and so&lt;/em&gt;).  Technically, your correspondent didn't misuse &quot;sobre.&quot;  It's equivalent to &quot;acerca de.&quot;  Maybe this variant would be clearer for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que debes ofrecer una propuesta tú acerca de cómo disponer de esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your correspondent was just extrapolating from that.  Yes, it's a sloppily written sentence, in that the author wrote it and hit &quot;send&quot; immediately, but technically the original sentence would not be grammatically incorrect if one projects the implied accents.  It's best to draft an email and come back to it at least five minutes later before hitting &quot;send,&quot; and in this case would probably have resulted in a clearer sentence.  For example, it's &lt;em&gt;okay&lt;/em&gt; to omit &quot;que&quot; but including it helps the reader parse the sentence.  Here's one possible revision:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo debemos disponer de esto?  Como tenedor mayoritario, creo que te toca a ti proponer algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Functional translation: &lt;em&gt;How should we deal with this?  I think you, as majority holder, get to decide how to deal with this.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very common to send one's first draft immediately but in the long run I don't think it's the most efficient way to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T13:05:40.160" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:05:40.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-01T12:20:08.103" Score="0" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I pronounce &amp;quot;reacio&amp;quot; as in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que es reacio a las reprensiones será destruido de repente y sin remedio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Proverbios 29&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T01:56:56.000" Title="How to pronounce &quot;reacio&quot; as in &quot;El que es reacio a las reprensiones será destruido de repente y sin remedio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13606" CreationDate="2018-06-01T13:05:32.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un conocido en México que trabajaba en la fábrica de Volkswagen me comentó (esto fue hace más de 30 años) que le enseñaron a preguntar al equipo que dirijía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Denme &lt;em&gt;feedback&lt;/em&gt;, muchachos, denme &lt;em&gt;feedback&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si mando un email a un colaborador y quiero pedir &lt;em&gt;feedback&lt;/em&gt; acerca de un borrador, por ejemplo, podría decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feedback about this draft would be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero yo en lo personal prefiero decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let me know your thoughts about this draft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, si uno no quiere usar el anglicismo, &lt;em&gt;feedback&lt;/em&gt;, propondría decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjame saber tu &lt;strong&gt;reacción&lt;/strong&gt; a mi borrador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Traducción informal: &lt;em&gt;Let me know what you think about my draft&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho la BBC ahora pone un prólogo a su podcast &quot;Newshour&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let us know what you think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual es un indicio que &quot;feedback&quot; está cayendo de moda en inglés en peticiones directas.  Sin embargo, se sigue usando para hablar de la reacción solicitada o proporcionada, por ejemplo &quot;Based on your feedback, I made a new version.&quot;  Esto se podría expresar así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En base a tus &lt;strong&gt;comentarios&lt;/strong&gt;, hice una nueva versión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:05:32.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2018-06-01T13:38:03.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;(This should be a comment but it fits better in the answer box.  Pablodf76 is of course absolutely correct in his answer.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was curious to see if the answer would be different in Russian, since Ivan is a common name in Russian.  I took a look at a list of Russian greetings: &lt;a href=&quot;http://masterrussian.com/blday_greeting.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://masterrussian.com/blday_greeting.shtml&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inspired by some gendered polite greetings listed there, here's the closest I could get to a gendered greeting in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho gusto en verla / verlo / conocerla / conocerlo.  (&lt;em&gt;Nice to see you / meet you&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; are formal for &amp;quot;you&amp;quot;; &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; is feminine and &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; is masculine.  If we were to use an informal &amp;quot;you,&amp;quot; there wouldn't be any gender distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the only thing the above sentence has to do with &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot; is that they are both standard polite utterances used in greeting processes.  So let's get back to the actual question, &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not unusual to tack something else on after &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot; in Spanish for added politeness and human connection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo amaneció Ud., don Silvio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal le va, Señora?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quiúbole, Eva, qué me cuentas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two, being formal, are explicitly gendered through &amp;quot;don&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;señora,&amp;quot; respectively.  These terms are similar to &amp;quot;sir&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;ma'am&amp;quot; in English.  The last example of the three, being informal, is even less explicitly gendered.  The gender of the person receiving the greeting is known and very implicitly expressed, in that &amp;quot;Eva&amp;quot; is a name typically given to a female.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if we consider the common &lt;em&gt;functional equivalents&lt;/em&gt; of &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot;, then I would make a very rough guess that half of such utterances do include, in practice, an indication of the gender of the person receiving the greeting.  (By &amp;quot;half&amp;quot; I don't mean 50% as opposed to 49%.  I mean 50% as opposed to 25%.  But even that is just intuition, not based on anything formal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not aware of any gendered differences in style or choice of expression for this question, with respect to the gender of the &lt;em&gt;greeter&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. the person asking &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot;).  In other words, I think that the choice among the many possible ways of asking &amp;quot;How are you?&amp;quot; in Spanish doesn't depend on the gender of the person asking the question.  However, that would make an interesting sociological experiment!  (If a sociologist were to study this, it would be good also to probe for differences that depend on the gender of the person receiving the greeting as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T13:38:03.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26459" CreationDate="2018-06-01T14:23:57.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;reacio&lt;/em&gt; has three open syllables: &lt;em&gt;re-a-cio&lt;/em&gt;, and is stressed on the second one (&lt;em&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;-&lt;/em&gt;). Nothing particular about its pronunciation: the initial &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; is trilled and the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; will be pronounced /s/ or /θ/ according to dialect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this particular sentence, if you speak it naturally as a native would, and as in any case where a word ends in a vowel and a vowel immediately follows without a spoken pause, the last syllable (&lt;em&gt;-cio&lt;/em&gt;) will probably merge with the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; that follows (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synalepha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;synalepha&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T14:23:57.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26464" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-01T14:43:15.047" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con la frase inglesa &quot;His breath escapes him&quot;, ¿cuál sería la traducción (más) correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le escapa su respiración &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le escape su respiración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He indagado un poco pero no entiendo completamente la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;escapar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;escaparse&lt;/em&gt;.  Puede ser que esta frase suene raro en español -- una traducción demasiado literal del anglosajón.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, en general, ¿cómo se usaría &quot;escapar&quot; en este sentido un poco metafórico? Por ejemplo, con la frase &quot;His thoughts escape him&quot;, sería correcta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le escapan sus pensamientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le escapan sus pensamientos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T02:10:30.357" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T16:24:03.753" Title="¿&quot;Le escapa la respiración&quot; vs &quot;Se le escapa la respiración&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2018-06-01T16:10:39.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ese has multiple proper uses, such as Quiero ese coche, &quot;I want that car!&quot; Quiere ese coche, &quot;Do you want that car?&quot;  It is also used predominantly in Mexican or Mexican American/Chicano slang as part of a greeting &quot;Qvo (what's up) ese?&quot; or depending on the intonation &quot;Qvo ese!!!&quot; (said with grit or malice) can be a challenge/confrontation of someone.  I have also seen and heard it used with derogatory overtones (re: movie &quot;Next Friday&quot; and &quot;Training Day&quot;). That &quot;Ese&quot; or Eses&quot; over there as the term for Mexican American/Chicano people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19567" LastActivityDate="2018-06-01T16:10:39.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26464" CreationDate="2018-06-01T16:33:21.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Escapar&lt;/em&gt; is one of those verbs that can be used with or without the reflexive pronoun (let's call them &quot;optionally pronominal verbs&quot; for short), with only a subtle change in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first example sentence is... weird. If you mean that &quot;his breath comes out of his mouth without him being able to prevent it&quot; (as in, &quot;he's so much in need of breath that he's panting hard and has to continue doing so for a while&quot;), then the verb &lt;em&gt;escaparse&lt;/em&gt; (pronominal &lt;em&gt;escapar&lt;/em&gt;) is the right choice. But you would use it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se le escapa la respiración.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26171/all-about-datives-or-whats-that-funny-le-or-me-doing-in-there&quot;&gt;sympathetic dative&lt;/a&gt;. By mentioning the third person patient (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;a él/ella&lt;/em&gt;) you make the possessive redundant (thus you don't say &lt;em&gt;su respiración&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;la respiración&lt;/em&gt;). It's exactly parallel to more familiar phrases that associate a person with a possession or something closely related to him/her, especially body parts, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se le enfrían los pies.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Se nos pierden las llaves.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Se me duermen las piernas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction doesn't only exist for pronominal verbs but it's very common with some of them, because of reasons having to do with the fact that most are intransitive and have patientive subjects (subjects that experience a change or action passively).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can place the subject in its more typical position at the beginning, too; it's a matter of subtly different emphases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T16:24:03.753" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T16:24:03.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26459" CreationDate="2018-06-02T01:56:56.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supplemental answer to Pablodf76's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E and A are strong vowels, so they'll be separate syllables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I is weak and O is strong, so the O will be the primary vowel in that syllable, and the combination together, IO, will sound like the Spanish word &quot;yo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the last letter of the word is a vowel, the stress will go on the second to last syllable of the word, in other words, on the syllable that has just one letter in it: &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will want to use pure vowels, as one finds in Italian or German, for example.  It will be easier to pronounce if you bring your pitch up a bit for the stressed syllable, and let it come back down for the last syllable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last two syllables are featured also in the word &quot;palacio.&quot; In other words, they rhyme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see that in your original sentence, with the word &quot;es&quot; missing from the quote, you might think that &lt;em&gt;reacio&lt;/em&gt; was a verb.  Maybe you were thinking it was a past tense of something.  However, it is an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T01:56:56.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26464" CreationDate="2018-06-02T02:18:22.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nps.gov/resources/story.htm%3Fid%3D253&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; de uso de &quot;His breath escapes him&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I do not [return], my dear Sarah, never forget how much I love you, nor that, when my last breath escapes me on the battle-field, it will whisper your name.  --&lt;em&gt;Major Sullivan Ballou&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando sale el aire de un globo, se dice &quot;Se escapa el aire del globo.&quot;  Pero en la carta de Ballou, creo que &lt;em&gt;escapar&lt;/em&gt; cuadra mejor que &lt;em&gt;escaparse&lt;/em&gt;.  Porque &lt;em&gt;escaparse&lt;/em&gt; me da una idea más literal, como una fuga.  Mira, si se dijera &quot;when my last breath escapes &lt;em&gt;from my body&lt;/em&gt;&quot; etc., entonces ahí sí creo que quedaría bien &lt;em&gt;escaparse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T14:15:43.807" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T14:15:43.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26401" CreationDate="2018-06-02T02:39:29.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En restaurán, puedes decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a tomar el huachinango.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me trae una orden de espaguetti, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El filete de pescado viene con arroz?  [...] Si, eso, por favor.  Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una comida corrida, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una orden de papa frita, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pollo a la parrilla se ve bien. [El mesero ahora pregunta algo, por ejemplo, &amp;quot;Sí, señora, viene con arroz o papa frita.&amp;quot;] Con arroz, por favor, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En familia, se puede decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me sirves un plato de sopa, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedo tomar un poco de pastel, o hay que dejarlo para la fiesta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pásame otra piececita, por favor.  Te salió riquísimo, gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que me cabe una pieza más.  (Extendiendo el plato.)  Gracias, Tía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T02:39:29.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-02T04:52:13.127" Score="2" ViewCount="3557" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normalmente relacionamos el quebrar con algo duro y rígido y el romper con algo blando, lo que me hace pensar que  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me rompí el brazo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suena correcto. Pero a lo que nos referimos es al hueso, y no al brazo en si, entonces no debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quebré el brazo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo esto suena semánticamente incorrecto debido a que el brazo es algo blando y no rígido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tratando de aplicar la misma regla con &lt;em&gt;pierna&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quebré la pierna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suele ser más popular y común que decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me rompí la pierna &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál debería ser la forma correcta para expresar esto, para que sea gramatical y semánticamente correcto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user19024" LastEditDate="2018-06-02T15:36:35.807" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T15:36:35.807" Title="¿Cómo se dice: &quot;Me rompí el brazo&quot; o &quot;me quebré el brazo&quot;; &quot;me rompí la pierna&quot; o &quot;me quebré la pierna&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26470" CreationDate="2018-06-02T08:55:48.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WfKlsVn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;romper&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Quebrar&lt;/strong&gt; o hacer pedazos algo. U. t. c. prnl.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UlGmeOB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quebrar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Romper&lt;/strong&gt;, separar con violencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto creo que cualquiera de las opciones que indicas es válida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19024" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T08:55:48.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13525" CreationDate="2018-06-02T11:33:10.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que hacer una siesta también es correcto.&#xA; Si consideramos la siesta como una acción que puede realizarse.&#xA;Igual que es correcto :&#xA;   -&quot;Voy a hacer un viaje por toda Europa&quot;.&#xA;   -&quot;Este domingo, voy a hacer una carrera de 10 &#xA;       Km&quot;.&#xA;   -&quot;Después del COU hice la carrera de medicina&quot;.&#xA; También es correcto;&#xA;   -&quot;Esta tarde voy a hacer una siesta de dos horas&quot;.&#xA;   -&quot;Después del spinning hice una siesta de media &#xA;     hora&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19569" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T11:33:10.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26399" CreationDate="2018-06-02T13:20:18.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo en lo personal diría simplemente &quot;me da por&quot;, aunque &quot;se me da por&quot; no me choca al oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un participante comentó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No logro explicarme el &quot;se&quot; en esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo me lo explico así: cuando a uno le da por usar esta frase, refiriéndose a la actividad X, muchas veces tiene la sensación de que X le entra en la mente por un proceso misterioso.  No se siente como fruto de análisis, lógica o planificación conciente.  Es como si el origen fuera ajeno a uno.  Y en general, las acciones con origen ajeno se expresan con verbos pronominales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos de la forma pronominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A veces, se me da por sentir que la alegría es un delito de alta traición, y que soy culpable del privilegio de seguir vivo y libre. ― Eduardo Galeano, &lt;em&gt;Dias y noches de amor e de guerra&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/670110-a-veces-se-me-da-por-sentir-que-la-alegr-a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy trenzando delgado un silbido,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  luego un verso comienzo a tosar,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  se me da por rasguear,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y me pongo a cantar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -- Duo Coplanacu, &lt;em&gt;La Llamadora&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cmtv.com.ar/discos_letras/letra.php?bnid=366&amp;amp;banda=Duo_Coplanacu&amp;amp;DS_DS=829&amp;amp;tmid=20738&amp;amp;tema=LA_LLAMADORA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por eso, por eso que cuando fumo se me da por cavilar. -- José Larralde, &lt;em&gt;Herencia Pa' Un Hijo Gaucho (Parte II)&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.mus.br/jose-larralde/1690463/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un &lt;a href=&quot;https://actacorporation.com/sintomas-de-la-depresion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;foro&lt;/a&gt; un participante usó las dos formas, en una sola frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando estoy caminando por la calle se me da por caminar con los ojos cerrados, o tambien cuando estoy en un centro comercial me da por dar pequeños gritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T13:20:18.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2018-06-02T15:18:53.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally, &quot;ese&quot; is a demonstrative pronoun which can mean &lt;em&gt;it, that thing over there, that person over there&lt;/em&gt;.  However, the Latinamerican dictionary &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/www/significado/palabra/ese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Así Hablamos&lt;/a&gt; gives this use of the demonstrative pronoun &quot;ese&quot; for Ecuador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sustitución despectiva de él &lt;em&gt;¡Míralo a ese!&lt;/em&gt; ==&gt; Míralo a él | Pejorative substitution for &quot;him&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This definition fits perfectly with what I learned in the 1980's living in a provincial university town in Mexico, far from Mexico City and even farther from the northern border areas where the drug business and gang activity were starting to build up.  I'm quite certain the meaning and usage I was taught had &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt; to do with gangs or anything related to gangs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, with the help of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=es%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, here's what I believe is going on in the Key &amp;amp; Peele sketch.  Key is playing a California latino gang leader.  His use of &quot;Ese&quot; is analogous to how you might hear young African American men greet each other with &quot;Nigga.&quot;  A term originally (and in some circles &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt;) used by racist whites to refer pejoratively to African Americans has been appropriated, with a slight change in pronunciation and spelling, to mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fellow tribesman and badass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where I'm using &quot;tribe&quot; to mean &lt;em&gt;racial/ethnic peer group&lt;/em&gt;, and I'm using &quot;badass&quot; to mean &lt;em&gt;a formidable and intimidating person&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;, it's not a term originally used by people outside the group, but the backdrop of racism is still there, upping the ante, and we see a similar appropriation of a pejorative term as part of a reclaiming of cultural identity and building up of personal self-esteem and group-level ethnic pride.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, at least one of the Urban Dictionary entries uses the spelling &quot;esé,&quot; but there is a helpful audio recording at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=es%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=esé&lt;/a&gt; which shows that the accent is not used to indicate a stress on the last syllable, as in formal Spanish, but rather, to indicate that the whole word is stressed when used as a greeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key uses the term to build the character he's playing, to make the comedy sketch work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key and Peele's comedic work with racial stereotypes &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vulture.com/2015/09/key-peele-knew-how-to-tell-a-race-joke.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;has been described&lt;/a&gt; this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Key &amp;amp; Peele’s best sketches are subversive, but still sensitive to the fact that if you joke about a marginalized group, you don’t do so in a vacuum. They’re aware that comedy can either “punch up” against the established hierarchy or “punch down” against people who are already vulnerable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, it's complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-02T15:18:53.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22216" CreationDate="2018-06-03T05:42:52.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo también he buscado por internet, y lo que he visto es que suponen que la mala es la cal, porque es dañina para el hombre...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que la cal sería la buena. La argamasa es más rica cuanta más cal lleve. Es la que reacciona con el agua, la que hace que fragüe la masa. La arena es el complemento. Podría ser grijo o canto rodado... o paja. La cal además tiene muchas aplicaciones beneficiosas por sí sola; luego está la cal hidráulica...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En la masa actual de cemento y arena, la cal sería el cemento; e igual que el cemento, la cal es más cara que la arena.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy albañil y, en referencia a la construcción, lo bueno sería la cal.&#xA;También, creo que es más lógico decir primero lo bueno en la frase, como en &quot;un caramelo, un castigo&quot;... Aunque esto es más, cuando se refiere entre parejas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no deja de ser mi humilde opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19575" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-06-03T14:57:57.707" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T14:57:57.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-03T17:40:21.887" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer alguien (cuyo idioma natal es el catalán) me advirtió contra el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; en la pregunta &quot;¿Qué has metido en la sopa?&quot; a causa de sonar un poco vulgar. Me aconsejó que usara &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; en su lugar. A mi entender, tanto &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; se pueden traducir como &lt;em&gt;to put&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, pero &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;'colocar en una superficie'&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;'introducir dentro de'&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi preguntas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Por qué sería el uso de &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; inadecuado en esta situación?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay zonas en que no tiene está connotación mala?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-03T22:01:24.420" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T21:24:31.707" Title="¿Se puede usar 'meter' en la pregunta &quot;¿Qué has metido en la sopa?&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26387" CreationDate="2018-06-03T17:58:26.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitivamente significa “de tal palo, tal astilla”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19577" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-03T20:13:31.253" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T20:13:31.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26477" CreationDate="2018-06-03T20:04:01.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meter&lt;/em&gt; es más específicamente &quot;introducir&quot;, y si le sigue una preposición ésta generalmente será &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;dentro de&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; es más general. Al menos en mi dialecto (rioplatense) &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; suenan igualmente bien (o mal) en casi todas las situaciones, incluyendo la de tu ejemplo. Si alguien me pregunta &lt;em&gt;«¿Qué le has metido a la sopa?»&lt;/em&gt; la verdad es que me sonará brusco, quizá descortés, pero sentiría lo mismo si me preguntase &lt;em&gt;«¿Qué le has puesto a la sopa?»&lt;/em&gt;. El problema está en lo directo de la pregunta y lo que implica, no en el verbo utilizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meter&lt;/em&gt; puede sonar un poco vulgar en algunos casos, pero cambiarlo por &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; no soluciona el asunto, porque ambos son verbos muy comunes y poco formales. Para evitar este problema se lo puede reemplazar por otros verbos, como &lt;em&gt;colocar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;agregar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;introducir&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Por ejemplo, en una receta de cocina se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coloque&lt;/strong&gt; un kilogramo de harina en un bol... &lt;strong&gt;Agregue&lt;/strong&gt; dos yemas de huevo... &lt;strong&gt;Añada&lt;/strong&gt; dos cucharadas de azúcar... &lt;strong&gt;Vuelque&lt;/strong&gt; la preparación en un molde metálico... &lt;strong&gt;Introduzca&lt;/strong&gt; el molde en el horno...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien si es una pregunta como la de tu ejemplo, aunque sea formal, para ser cortés debe hacerse de otra manera, quizá más indirecta, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Le has puesto algún condimento especial a la sopa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué es ese sabor diferente que tiene esta sopa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los casos donde suena mal &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; dependen del dialecto, pero desde el principio se usa &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; para muchas cosas que resultan bruscas o desagradables, como &lt;em&gt;«meterse en la vida de alguien»&lt;/em&gt; (entrometerse), &lt;em&gt;«meterse en la conversación»&lt;/em&gt; (interrumpir para hablar uno), &lt;em&gt;«meter a alguien en un puesto»&lt;/em&gt; (darle un puesto de trabajo a alguien que no lo merece), y frases hechas como &lt;em&gt;«meter mano, meter cizaña, meter la nariz»&lt;/em&gt;. O sea, el verbo &lt;em&gt;meter&lt;/em&gt; está muchas veces asociado a cosas malas en el uso habitual. Quizá por eso a alguien le suena mal en otro contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T21:24:31.707" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T21:24:31.707" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26480" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26481" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" Score="0" Body="Used for loaded terms that express a negative judgment." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" LastActivityDate="2018-06-03T21:50:31.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26482" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-04T08:16:32.523" Score="3" ViewCount="3818" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta en realidad debería titularse &quot;¿Qué dice la abuela en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbEVRVozf7M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquel rap de Winfred y la Ganga&lt;/a&gt; de finales de los 80?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1989 el mundo recibió una buena dosis de español de Puerto Rico con la canción &quot;Mi abuela&quot; del grupo Wilfred y la Ganga, considerada como el primer rap en español que tuvo éxito mundial. Como hablante de español europeo, muchas expresiones nos sorprendieron pero alguna incluso nos dejó sumidos en un misterio, como el verso que decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, no, no señor, yo no cocino porquerías.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aquí se come ??? y arroz con habichuelas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parecía que decía &quot;vianda&quot; pero su significado (tal y como se conoce en España) no acababa de encajar, y algunos incluso pensaban que decía &quot;mierda&quot; lo cual tenía aún menos sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy, casi 30 años más tarde, vamos a intentar dar solución a este misterio. En algunas páginas de letras de canciones curiosamente esta palabra la marcan como dudosa, y en otras sí que se afirma que dice &quot;vianda&quot;. El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; nos ayuda con la siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=vianda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepción para Puerto Rico&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tubérculos y frutos comestibles puestos a la mesa cocidos o fritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición aparece también &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=birftrn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en el DLE&lt;/a&gt; pero marcada como de uso en las Antillas. La definición encaja con el contexto, pero en todo caso se me queda un poco escasa. ¿Sirve cualquier tubérculo? ¿Cualquier fruto comestible? ¿Cuentan las frutas? ¿Una &quot;vianda&quot; sería un plato principal o un acompañamiento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, pregunto: ¿qué se considera exactamente una &quot;vianda&quot; en Puerto Rico? ¿Ha cambiado su uso desde finales de los 80 hasta hoy? ¿Es una palabra de uso común o es más de abuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-09T12:48:10.603" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T15:22:21.340" Title="Uso de &quot;vianda&quot; en Puerto Rico" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26482" CreationDate="2018-06-04T09:30:33.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es pura conjetura, pero existe en inglés la palabra &lt;em&gt;viand&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene origen latín y según dictionary.com se define como: [1]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;noun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. an article of food.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. &lt;em&gt;viands&lt;/em&gt;, articles or dishes of food, now usually of a choice or delicate kind&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;em&gt;vianda&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;viandas&lt;/em&gt; tiene el mismo significado en español, podría ser que la abuela se refiera a platos de calidad alta, en lugar de dichas &lt;em&gt;porquerías&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/viand?s=t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/viand?s=t&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-04T09:35:19.340" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T09:35:19.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-04T09:44:12.163" Score="1" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently found out that &lt;em&gt;aligátor&lt;/em&gt;, from English &lt;em&gt;alligator&lt;/em&gt;, came originally from a corruption of &lt;em&gt;el lagarto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1r7Qz06&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aligátor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá del fr. &lt;em&gt;alligator&lt;/em&gt;, este del ingl. &lt;em&gt;alligator&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;el lagarto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;m.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6dcNNCr#2rhLsjx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caimán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (‖ reptil).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2012/05/28/boomerang-vocabulary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'boomerang'&lt;/a&gt; words in Spanish? I.e. words which originated in Spanish, were loaned to another language, and then returned as a new word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-15T13:36:10.680" Title="&quot;Boomerang&quot; words in Spanish" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-06-04T09:47:24.647" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26485" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26490" CreationDate="2018-06-04T09:57:08.027" Score="6" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this edition of Translation Golf, the original text is in Latin (English translations also supplied!), attributed to Julius Caesar. It's from near the end of the description of a military campaign in Spain which finished the civil war that began when Caesar crossed the Rubicon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/caesar/hisp.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;De bello Hispaniensi, 39&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pompeius, ut supra demonstravimus, saucius et intorto talo idcirco tardabatur ad fugiendum, itemque propter loci difficultatem neque equo neque vehiculo saluti suae praesidium parare poterat. Caedes a nostris undique administrabatur. Exclusus a munitione amissisque auxiliis ad convallem exesumque locum in speluncam Pompeius se occultare coepit, ut a nostris non facile inveniretur nisi captivorum indicio. Ita ibi interficitur. Cum Caesar Gadibus fuisset, Hispalim pridie Idus Apriles caput adlatum et populo datum est in conspectum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(453 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://classics.mit.edu/Caesar/spanish.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;English translation by W. A. McDevitte and W. S. Bohn&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pompey as we have observed above being lame and wounded, was in no condition to make a speedy retreat; and the rather, because the place was such that he could use neither horse nor litter. Slaughter was dealt on all hands by our troops, his fortress having been stormed, and his resources cut off. In this extremity he fled to a cave, where he could not easily be discovered, unless by the information of the captives. Here he was slain, his head was brought to Hispalis on the day before the ides of April, and exhibited before the people when Caesar was at Gades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(450 characters.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imperivm.org/cont/textos/txt/julio-cesar_comentarios-de-la-guerra-civil-oc-iii.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish translation (anonymous)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Pompeyo herido, como se ha dicho, y torcido un pie, no podía huir muy de prisa, y por lo escabroso del terreno, ni a caballo ni en la litera encontraba auxilio para salvarse. Los nuestros, perdido el fuerte y sus auxilios, corrían libremente las espadas por los enemigos. Pompeyo fue a refugiarse a una hondonada de un valle en una caverna a modo de gruta, adonde no le hallaran tan fácilmente los nuestros si no fuera descubierto por unos prisioneros; allí le mataron. Estando César en Cádiz el día 12 de abril, se trajo su cabeza a Sevilla, y se expuso a la vista de la ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; Pompeyo, como hemos mostrado arriba, estaba herido y con el tobillo torcido, lo cual le impidió huir, y además el terreno dificultaba que ni caballo ni litera pudiera conseguir la defensa de su seguridad. La carnicería fue administrada por todos lares por los nuestros. En la extremidad de haber perdido su fortificación y sus ayudas, Pompeyo empezó a esconderse en una cueva de un valle, donde no le encontráramos fácilmente si no fuera por indicaciones de parte de los cautivos. Allí le mataron. Con César en Cádiz, su cabeza fue llevado a Sevilla en la víspera del idus de abril y dado al pueblo para verlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've generally stuck to passives even when they're not very natural in Spanish. Your translation doesn't have to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Key points:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The subject is Pompey. His name should appear at least once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He is prevented from fleeing (on foot) by his injuries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The terrain means that he can't flee by other means (horse or vehicle)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Our&quot; (i.e. Caesar's) troops were executing carnage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pompey had lost his fortifications and his aid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He hid in a cave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where he was found only by information gathered from prisoners&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That's where he was killed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;His head was exhibited publicly in Seville&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to translate the given text to Spanish, using as few letters as possible, while keeping all the original text's meaning and concepts more or less intact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2592/5481&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here's the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/2ermv0rh/2/embedded/result/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;letter counter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="278" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-04T12:11:12.500" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T12:34:37.420" Title="Translation Golf XLIII - De bello Hispaniensi" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;translation-golf&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-06-04T10:11:26.307" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26486" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-04T09:59:54.543" Score="3" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading about the events following the recent regime change in Spain in El País I found this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los altos cargos del Gobierno, ministros y secretarios de Estado que proceden fundamentalmente de puestos de primer nivel de la Administración, por haber superado las oposiciones de élite, disponen de lo que se conoce como una &quot;mochila&quot;, que es un puesto adecuado a su nivel que se les libera en cuanto vuelven a trabajar para el Estado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://politica.elpais.com/politica/2018/06/03/actualidad/1528048674_133837.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los exministros de Rajoy en ‘shock’ buscan nuevo destino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is clear enough what it means but the current meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PStX6ei&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the dictionary of the RAE refer to what I would call a backpack which is the usage I am familiar with in Spanish speaking countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-04T12:02:49.703" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T15:27:51.110" Title="What is the derivation of &quot;mochila&quot; in &quot;Los altos cargos (...) disponen de una 'mochila', que es un puesto adecuado a su nivel...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26485" CreationDate="2018-06-04T10:28:33.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;190 characters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con Pompeyo cojo, su huida fue lenta: ni caballo ni litera y con terreno &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0BuJHDZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;abrupto&lt;/a&gt;. Sin fuerte ni suministros, les masacramos. Se ocultó en una cueva, mas le delataron &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7MHniQ4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;captivos&lt;/a&gt; y fue muerto. Con César en Cádiz, su cabeza se exhibió en Sevilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T10:28:33.660" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-06-04T10:28:33.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26486" CreationDate="2018-06-04T10:39:24.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt; is, as you say, a backpack: a bag you can fill with useful things and carry with you, which you can also leave aside if you don't need to be encumbered with those things for a while. If you do leave it aside, you can then come back, take your backpack again, and resume possession of those things you were carrying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I hear &lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt; employed in this sense. As you said, the meaning is perfectly clear once explained. But in most cases where &lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt; is employed metaphorically, it stands for a burden, not for insurance. A quick search shows that &lt;em&gt;mochila de la deuda&lt;/em&gt; is a phrase commonly used to refer to a burden of debt (such as the national debt or taxpayers' debt), both in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/mercados/2015/02/13/puede-crecer-mochila-deuda-espalda/00031423867067551141581.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/economia/2-117747-2009-01-06.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T10:39:24.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22988" CreationDate="2018-06-04T11:11:10.507" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas otras palabras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etimología&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1WafCTl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;albatros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;albatross&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;alcatraz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=P256wMC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mescalina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del al. &lt;em&gt;Mezcalin&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Meskalin&lt;/em&gt;, y estos del esp. &lt;em&gt;mezcal&lt;/em&gt; y el al. &lt;em&gt;-in&lt;/em&gt; '-ina'.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/charnego&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;charnego&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del cat. &lt;em&gt;xarnego&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;lucharniego&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a9vA7vN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tostón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del port. &lt;em&gt;tostão&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;testón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=35x3ajw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;apartamento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;appartamento&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;apartamiento&lt;/em&gt;, con reducción de diptongo.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MI77Qow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jade&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;jade&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;[piedra de la] ijada&lt;/em&gt;, porque el jade se aplicó por los conquistadores de América como remedio para aquella parte del cuerpo.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/almorta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;almorta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del mozár. &lt;em&gt;almorta&lt;/em&gt;, y este del esp. &lt;em&gt;muerta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/batal%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;batalán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del tagalo &lt;em&gt;batalan&lt;/em&gt;, y este der. del esp. &lt;em&gt;batea&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9bONNRu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cocoa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. cocoa.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=estuque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estuque&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;stuc&lt;/em&gt; o el cat. &lt;em&gt;estuc&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y posiblemente estas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;etimología&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4ygwQJ3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;banyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;banjo&lt;/em&gt;, pronunciación relajada de &lt;em&gt;bandore&lt;/em&gt;, y este quizá del esp. &lt;em&gt;bandurria&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=clisos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;clisos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del caló &lt;em&gt;clisos&lt;/em&gt;, este quizá del dialect. &lt;em&gt;clisarse&lt;/em&gt; 'mirar fijamente', y este de &lt;em&gt;eclipsarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/rodancha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rodancha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del cat. &lt;em&gt;rodanxa&lt;/em&gt;, y este quizá del esp. dialect. &lt;em&gt;rodanja&lt;/em&gt; 'rodaja'.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; From Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cocoa#Etymology_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cacao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (from Classical Nahuatl &lt;em&gt;cacahuatl&lt;/em&gt;), by confusion with &lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, popularized by Samuel Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; From Spanish/Portuguese &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coco#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (“grinning face”)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; Etim.: del cast. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=estuc&amp;amp;Id=66823&amp;amp;search=estuc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;estuco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o it. &lt;em&gt;stucco&lt;/em&gt;, mat. sign. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T17:38:12.463" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:38:12.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26485" CreationDate="2018-06-04T12:34:37.420" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;121&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DX4myLA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desvalido&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=impedido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;impedido&lt;/a&gt; por el terreno &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;y su pie, &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Pompeyo huyó &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;de la masacre &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F9sOCgP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encovándose&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Los presos se &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8uvSNZT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chivaron&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;allí &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RZmjYFt%7CRZo9nMx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palmó&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Su &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZecEwPE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testa&lt;/a&gt; se mostró en Sevilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T12:34:37.420" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-06-04T12:34:37.420" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1241" CreationDate="2018-06-04T13:13:37.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, another common response to &quot;con permiso&quot; is &quot;propio&quot;. Literally, it signifies, &quot;you own/you have permission&quot; to pass by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16539" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T13:13:37.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26486" CreationDate="2018-06-04T15:27:51.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This use of the word &lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt; is taken from the Spanish civil administration lingo. Of course, you will not find it in a dictionary, as it is not extended usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you travel with a backpack, you can rely on its contents (some food, clean clothes, toiletries...) when the need comes. Similarly, in this case, civil servants who left their position to join the government can now rely on their &lt;em&gt;mochila&lt;/em&gt; to get an adequate job immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T15:27:51.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18409" CreationDate="2018-06-04T20:50:09.180" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apócope de &quot;me cache en die&quot; a su vez eufemismo de &quot;me cago en dios&quot; que se expresa para significar sorpresa, disgusto, imposibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19584" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-04T22:33:10.203" LastActivityDate="2018-06-04T22:33:10.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26495" CreationDate="2018-06-04T23:28:13.617" Score="10" ViewCount="4632" Body="&lt;p&gt;En general los nombres españoles de los animales que han vivido desde antiguo en Europa provienen de las palabras latinas correspondientes. Es el caso de las vacas, gatos, cabras, ovejas, serpientes, caballos, burros, etc., que son etimológicamente derivados del latín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es el caso del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cVU9wGT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;zorro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que según el DRAE proviene del portugués:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del port. &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; 'holgazán', der. de &lt;em&gt;zorrar&lt;/em&gt; 'arrastrar'; cf. occit. &lt;em&gt;mandra&lt;/em&gt; 'zorra'; propiamente 'mandria, holgazán'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues me parece raro que no se use (o no exista) alguna denominación derivada de &quot;vulpes&quot;, que era la palabra latina con que se designaba este animalito. Y de hecho tampoco se usa en catalán (&lt;em&gt;guineu&lt;/em&gt;), gallego (&lt;em&gt;raposo&lt;/em&gt;), francés (&lt;em&gt;renard&lt;/em&gt;), occitano (&lt;em&gt;guèine, mandra, rainal&lt;/em&gt;) ni portugués (&lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué será que, a diferencia del resto de los animales, se ha preferido un juego de palabras (&quot;holgazán&quot;) en vez de continuar usando una palabra ya existente (&quot;vulpes&quot;)? Y eso con el agregado de que el juego de palabras se tomó de un tercer idioma, el portugués. Es rebuscado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T14:15:46.457" LastActivityDate="2020-11-06T01:46:35.847" Title="¿Por qué en español decimos &quot;zorro&quot; en vez de un derivado del latín &quot;vulpes&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26494" CreationDate="2018-06-05T00:01:50.823" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;La razón es así: muchos nombres de animales solían ser palabras tabú. La gente tenía miedo de llamar a los animales salvajes y destructivos por sus nombres &amp;quot;reales&amp;quot; y los sustituían por otros que existían, incluyendo el zorro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.oup.com/2016/03/animal-name-origins-taboo-words-noa-fox-etymology/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OUP blog: &lt;em&gt;‘Vulpes vulpes,’ or foxes have holes.&lt;/em&gt; Part 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.oup.com/2016/03/fox-etymology-word-origin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Part 2&lt;/a&gt;, Anatoly Liberman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our ancient ancestors were &lt;a href=&quot;https://xkcd.com/2381/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;so worried about bears, they didn't even want to name them because they feared [the bears] might overhear and come after them.&lt;/a&gt; So they came up with this word — this is up in Northern Europe — bruin, meaning &amp;quot;the brown one&amp;quot; as a euphemism, and then bruin segued into bear. We know the euphemism, but we don't know what word it replaced, so bear is the oldest-known euphemism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,2041313,00.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Euphemania: Our Love Affair with Euphemisms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, sí hay un cognado en castellano de &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5nldWp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vulpeja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;vulpecŭla&lt;/em&gt;, dim. de &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt; 'raposa'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;f.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cVU9wGT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zorra&lt;/a&gt; (‖ mamífero).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y un latinismo culto &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=vulp%C3%A9cula&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del siglo XVIII&lt;/a&gt; de la misma raíz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5lHtJH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vulpécula&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;vulpecŭla&lt;/em&gt;, dim. de &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt; 'raposa'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;f.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5nldWp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulpeja.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como notas, en muchos de los idiomas romances de Francia e Iberia se usan eufemismos o préstamos de otros idiomas para su(s) palabra(s) para &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;De origen incierto - zorro (esp)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dom-en-ligne.de/dom.php?lhid=4scE0AMIfH8bxAc7zBoRIy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;mamphur&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - mandra (occ)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=guilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Del germànic &lt;strong&gt;wihsela&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - guilla (cat)&#xA;b) &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=guineu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Del germànic &lt;strong&gt;Winald&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Winihild&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - guineu (cat), guèine (occ)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;rapum&lt;/em&gt; 'nabo' - rabosa (esp. ant.), raposo (esp), raposo (gal), raposa (pt), raposu, rapiegu (ast), rabosa, raboso (arg), rabosa (cat)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Renart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Roman de Renart&lt;/a&gt; - renard (fr), r'nard (norman), rinåd, rnåd (walloon), rainal, rainald, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ywj0K-oRc5A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rainard&lt;/a&gt; (occ), &lt;s&gt;renard&lt;/s&gt; (cat), renar, ראפוזה, רינאר (ladino)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo (unos dialectos de) gallego y occitano sí todavía usan una palabra derivada de &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt;, como la mayoría de los idiomas romances del este de Francia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a) From Latin vulpēs - golpe (gal), &lt;s&gt;volp&lt;/s&gt; (cat), vop (occ), volp (lombard), bolp, bolpe, volp, volpe (venetian), bolp, volp (friulian), volp (ladin), vulp, vualp, vuolp, uolp, golp, gualp (romansch), bualp, vualp (dalmatian), bulpo (istriot), volpe (it), vórpa, vorpe (neapolitan), vurpi, jurpi, gurpi, vulpi (sicilian), volpe (corsican), grupi, gurpe (sard), vulpi, vulpe (aromanian)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y los &lt;strong&gt;diminutivos&lt;/strong&gt; de &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt; en muchas de las lenguas galo-ibéricas parecen haber sobrevivido ilesos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b) &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bRa1o.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bRa1o.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt; la etimología de &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; provista en el DLE es poco fiable:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;quot;The initial attestations of Sp. &lt;em&gt;zorro/zorra&lt;/em&gt; 'fox' are from the mid fifteenth century and appear almost exclusively in the feminine, employed in &lt;em&gt;cancionero&lt;/em&gt; poetry, with reference to idle, immoral women (cf. mod. &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt; 'prostitute'). […] DCECH may well be right in stating that &lt;em&gt;zorro/zorra&lt;/em&gt; secondarily became a euphemistic designation for the dreaded fox (cf. &lt;em&gt;raposo&lt;/em&gt; so used). […] The late initial documentation of &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; leads to the question [of] whether this word goes back to early Roman Spain or whether it is a later borrowing from Basque, a derivation, as noted above, challenged by Trask (1997: 421). Far from convincing is the unprovable hypothesis in DCECH that &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; goes back to a verb &lt;em&gt;zorrar&lt;/em&gt; (whose authenticity I have been unable to verify), allegedly on onomatopoeic origin.&amp;quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective,&lt;/em&gt; 2012 (p. 39)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-11-06T01:46:35.847" LastActivityDate="2020-11-06T01:46:35.847" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26506" CreationDate="2018-06-05T02:29:31.797" Score="3" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre los virreinatos españoles estaban Nueva España, con su gentilicio &lt;em&gt;novohispano&lt;/em&gt;, y Nueva Granada, el suyo &lt;em&gt;neogranadino&lt;/em&gt;. Pasaron dos siglos entre los dos establecimientos (en 1535 y 1717) pero ¿eso explica por qué estas palabras usaron prefijos distintos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T10:49:38.720" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T12:07:56.793" Title="Formación de &quot;novohispano&quot; y &quot;neogranadino&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-05T02:31:07.370" Score="3" ViewCount="1090" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy ha dado la casualidad de que dos miembros de mi equipo han venido con la misma camisa. No es la primera vez que pasa, y otro miembro del equipo decía que él tiene también la misma camisa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay personas a las que les molesta mucho que otra persona vaya con la misma ropa que ellas. Supongo que el cliché es el típico &quot;a las mujeres les molesta que otra tenga el mismo vestido, mientras que a los hombres les da igual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo anglosajón dos hombres que llevasen la misma camisa podrían exclamar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Twinsies!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que podría traducirse como &quot;gemelitos&quot;, queriendo decir &quot;vamos vestidos iguales&quot; o &quot;tenemos algo en común&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta entrada &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/twinsies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del diccionario de Oxford&lt;/a&gt;, que resalta que el término se usa con sentido humorístico, significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Two people or things that are extremely similar, particularly in appearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras descripciones para el término serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;often used when posting a side-by-side picture of two friends who are dressed alike; also referenced when two people say or think the same thing at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que señala que se puede usar no solo cuando coincides en apariencia con otra persona, sino por ejemplo cuando dices lo mismo al mismo tiempo (como coincidir en &quot;pensamiento&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término o modismo en español que refleje de forma humorística que coincides con alguien en vestimenta como &lt;em&gt;twinsies&lt;/em&gt;? Es decir, si un día llegas al trabajo y otra persona tiene la misma camisa o ropa que tú, ¿cómo dices, a modo de broma, &quot;¡¡iguales!!&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T05:32:21.743" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T06:42:52.600" Title="Modismo o expresión en español para &quot;twinsies&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26482" CreationDate="2018-06-05T04:38:36.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vianda&lt;/em&gt; sí existe en español, adoptado directamente del frances &lt;em&gt;viande&lt;/em&gt; (comida, especificamente carne). Quizás ya perdió su referencia a la carne, porque el DRAE da:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Sustento y comida de los racionales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Comida que se sirve a la mesa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ant. Frutos y tubérculos comestibles que se sirven guisados, como el ñame, la malanga, el plátano, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se nota que hay toda una clase de ingredientes que pueden considerarse vianda en Puerto Rico. El Tesoro Lexicográfico del español de Puerto Rico nos dice que es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;verdura&lt;/em&gt;. Las aceptaciones siguen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(Ant.).  Frutos y tubérculos comestibles, como el ñame, el plátano, la yuca, la yautía, la batata, la calabaza y la malanga, que se suelen poner cocidos o fritos en la mesa. Ac. “Y llevar al pueblo las viandas que se cosechan en la tala.” Juan B. Huyke, Estímulos, 1922, p. 110.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fruto o tubérculo comestible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Vegetales del tipo de malanga, guineo, yautía, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Al conjunto de varios de los frutos —batata, yautía, ñame, malanga, yuca, calabaza, y también el plátano y el piche ‘guineo verde’, que se consumen salcochados, se le aplica por campos y pueblos la mención colectiva genérica de viandas— y asimismo verduras.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluyo que el rap trata de cualquier de las variadas plantas que se preparan en la cocina boricua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T04:43:52.283" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T04:43:52.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26494" CreationDate="2018-06-05T05:45:43.060" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cito a continuación la entrada para &lt;em&gt;zorro&lt;/em&gt; del &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico&lt;/em&gt; de Corominas (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ZORRA, ZORRO, 'raposa, -o', med. S. XV. Probablemente el sentido primitivo fue 'mujer u hombre holgazanes', S. XIII (de donde luego &lt;em&gt;zorra&lt;/em&gt; 'ramera', 1616), significado vivo todavía en portugués y aplicado popularmente a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V9crmPm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;raposa&lt;/a&gt; en son de vituperio. [...] En su sentido originario el vocablo derivará del antiguo y portugués &lt;em&gt;zorrar&lt;/em&gt; 'arrastrar', 2º cuarto S. XV, onomatopeya del roce del que se arrastra perezosamente. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zorra&lt;/em&gt; reemplazó a &lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;, como éste había sustituido el más antiguo &lt;em&gt;vulpeja&lt;/em&gt; (lat. &lt;em&gt;vulpes&lt;/em&gt;), por la repugnancia del campesino a llamar por su nombre tradicional a este animal maléfico, lo que le conduce constantemente a buscar nuevos nombres indirectos y figurados para llamarle.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que estamos ante un nuevo caso de eufemismo que acabó incorporándose al idioma, como pasó con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23081/12637&quot;&gt;la palabra &lt;em&gt;izquierda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que, al contrario que &lt;em&gt;derecha&lt;/em&gt; que deriva directamente del latín, se originó a partir de la palabra vasca &lt;em&gt;ezkerra&lt;/em&gt; como eufemismo de &lt;em&gt;siniestra&lt;/em&gt; por sus connotaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T05:45:43.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26500" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-05T08:10:29.607" Score="4" ViewCount="1127" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una pregunta formulada en English Language &amp;amp; Usage sobre si el origen de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;salario&lt;/strong&gt; es un mito: &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/448865/is-the-etymology-of-salary-a-myth&quot;&gt;Is the etymology of “salary” a myth?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta recoge las dudas planteadas en &lt;a href=&quot;http://kiwihellenist.blogspot.com/2017/01/salt-and-salary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; del blog de Peter Gainsford donde se indica que no hay evidencia de que a los soldados romanos se les pagara con sal y que de ahí venga el significado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=X1gL4YQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;salario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que recoge el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. salarium, de sal 'sal'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. Paga o remuneración regular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he podido averiguar la palabra latina &lt;strong&gt;salarium&lt;/strong&gt; (de sal) de la que proceden las equivalentes en las lenguas romances ya significaba &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/salarium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remuneración regular&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He repasado por encima los textos de Plinio pero en ellos ya parece tener el significado general de paga e incluso premio para altos cargos y no el original de pago en especie con sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traslado la pregunta aquí por si hay algún buen etimólogo o historiador en la sala que pueda ofrecer una fuente original latina donde se haga referencia a este pago en sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T10:19:11.910" Title="¿Es la etimología de &quot;salario&quot; realmente relativa a la sal con que se pagaba a los soldados romanos?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26511" CreationDate="2018-06-05T08:50:54.813" Score="3" ViewCount="4837" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se está con otra(s) persona(s) y se quiere pedir su aprobación para hacer algo que quizá podría importunarla(s), una fórmula habitual para ello es lanzar la siguiente pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Te importa / Os importa si...?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguido de la acción que queremos llevar a cabo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Os importa si abro la ventana?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Te importa si invito a Juan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Os importa si cojo la última aceituna?*&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;*No recomendado si valoras tu estatus social. La última aceituna nunca se coge.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante lo cual, las posibles respuestas son básicamente dos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; me / &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; nos importa»&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual quiere decir que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; les parece bien que haga lo indicado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt; me / &lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt; nos importa»&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual quiere decir que &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; les parece bien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el otro día mi señora se levantó con el ánimo pícaro, y la siguiente conversación tuvo lugar entre ella y yo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Estoy asado, ¿os importa si me quito la camiseta?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí me importa, mucho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ah, vale. Pues nada, no me la quito.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No, quítatela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pero si me has dicho que...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Te he dicho que me importa. De hecho es muy importante para mí que te la quites :-) Así que ¡venga!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi reacción fue más o menos &lt;a href=&quot;https://media.giphy.com/media/2pHCxQtUttmHm/giphy.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y es que, pensándolo bien... Si a alguien no le importa algo, podemos suponer que no tiene problema en que lo hagamos, pero &lt;strong&gt;¿en qué nos basamos para interpretar que &quot;sí me importa&quot; es un rechazo?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Cuál es el significado de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5Z4xUK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que estamos aplicando al hacer la pregunta? ¿Hay algún otro argumento, más allá de que sea la convención establecida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T08:58:59.760" Title="¿Por qué decimos «¿Te importa si...?» para pedir permiso?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26501" CreationDate="2018-06-05T09:23:03.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es curioso que la última acepción de la palabra sea &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=L5Z4xUK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Convenir, interesar, afectar profundamente, ser de mucha entidad o consecuencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Da la sensación de que todos estos significados no se pueden dar a la vez, y sin embargo entre ellos encontramos el que nos conviene e interesa (juego de palabras intencionado). Fíjate qué diferencia si sustituimos el verbo &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; en el primer ejemplo, suponiendo que la respuesta es que &quot;puedes abrir la ventana&quot;, por cada una de las partes de la citada acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Os conviene que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;Sí, nos conviene, ábrela&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Os interesa que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;Sí, nos interesa, ábrela&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Os &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0wAWT95&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;afecta&lt;/a&gt; (perjudica) profundamente que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;No, no nos afecta, ábrela&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Es algo de mucha &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fi7uEzC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entidad&lt;/a&gt; (importancia) para vosotros el que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;(Provoca respuesta ambigua nuevamente.)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Tendrá consecuencias el que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;(Ambigua: ¿Buenas o malas?)&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y todo forma parte de la misma acepción. Lo habitual es que la respuesta se haga atendiendo a uno de los significados de respuesta negativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Os afecta (perjudica) profundamente que me quite la camiseta? &lt;code&gt;No, no nos afecta, quítatela&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio tu mujer lo interpretó como una de respuesta afirmativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Os interesa que me quite la camiseta? &lt;code&gt;Sí, nos interesa, quítatela&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DPD dice que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=importar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;importar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;tener interés para alguien o suponerle preocupación&quot;, que también son dos casos diferentes, aunque introduce una nueva acepción: &quot;suponer preocupación&quot;, que sería la pregunta a la que se da respuesta habitualmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Os supone preocupación que abra la ventana? &lt;code&gt;No, preocupación ninguna, ábrela.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta acepción nos basamos para dar respuesta a la pregunta de si nos importa o no, y es la que aplicamos al hacer la pregunta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi teoría en cuanto a la &quot;inversión&quot; del significado de &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; es que cuando alguien pregunta &quot;¿os importa que abra la ventana?&quot; en realidad lo que está preguntando, según el sentido original de &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt;, es &quot;¿os importa (es importante para vosotros) que la ventana esté cerrada?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, las preguntas en realidad deberían ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es importante que a Juan no se le invite? &lt;code&gt;Si no, le invito.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Es importante que la última aceituna se quede en el plato? &lt;code&gt;Si no, me la como yo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Es importante que me deje la camiseta puesta? &lt;code&gt;Si no, me la quito.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se debería preguntar si importa (es importante) mantener la inercia actual, para no hacer algo que perturbe una situación en la que nadie parece estar a disgusto. Cualquier cosa que rompa esa inercia supone pedir permiso. Imagino entonces que las frases &quot;os importa (es importante) que me deje la camiseta puesta&quot; y &quot;puedo quitarme la camiseta&quot; se fusionaron en &quot;os importa que me quite la camiseta&quot;, con las respuestas esperadas como si se hubiese formulado la primera, aunque esto pueda llevar a respuestas de doble sentido. Si alguien responde que &quot;sí&quot; se puede interpretar como &quot;sí es importante mantener la inercia actual&quot;, aunque también como &quot;sí es importante (quiero) que te quites la camiseta&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T08:58:59.760" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T08:58:59.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26526" CreationDate="2018-06-05T10:07:32.497" Score="5" ViewCount="2548" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Monimbro/status/1003779352520286208&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sabes que algo mal está pasando en Nicaragua cuando el ave nacional tiene cara de enturcado. #SOSNicaragua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5yudE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5yudEm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, efectivamente, enturcado indica cólera según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FqcT4Ua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enturcado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Nicaragua. encolerizado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F87d15y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;encolerizado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;    Del part. de encolerizar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;adj. Lleno de cólera (‖ ira).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo mismo con el DAMER:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=enturcado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enturcado, -a.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  adj. Nicaragua. Referido a persona, enfadada, encolerizada. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, resulta que &lt;em&gt;enturcado&lt;/em&gt; quiere decir &lt;em&gt;lleno de cólera&lt;/em&gt;. tuBabel da un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/763-enturcado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;enturcado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;enojado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se utiliza para decir que uno esta muy pero muy molesto con alguien o por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo gracioso del caso es que la palabra &lt;em&gt;enturcado&lt;/em&gt; nos remite rápidamente a &lt;em&gt;turco&lt;/em&gt;, propio de Turquía. Sin embargo, Nicaragua y Turquía son países tan lejanos que cuesta ver cuál puede haber sido su relación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Exist alguna teoría sobre cómo &lt;em&gt;enturcado&lt;/em&gt; acabó convirtiéndose en Nicaragua en sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;enfadado&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T14:09:14.110" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:09:14.110" Title="¿Por qué &quot;enturcado&quot; quiere decir enfadado en Nicaragua?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26507" CreationDate="2018-06-05T12:17:08.917" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy intentando traducir la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... until an equilibrium is reached between the internal and the external.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &quot;the internal&quot; y &quot;the external&quot; son cosas abstractas (es decir, no se refieren a nada concreto).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo que se me ocurre es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... hasta que se llegue a un equilibrio entre lo internal y lo external&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero todavía, tras pensarlo un poco, no estoy seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T12:42:06.497" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T17:35:49.913" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;hasta que se llegue a un equilibrio entre lo internal y lo external&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31044" CreationDate="2018-06-05T12:18:19.833" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is &quot;Stack Exchange&quot; pronounced in practice in a non-bilingual environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason I'm asking: in Mexico, at least, proper names starting with ST are uncomfortable for those not fluent in English (NFE), noting that the vast majority of the population is NFE.  If you're talking about, say, Oliver Stone, Stone will become &quot;Estón.&quot;  And a fair number of people in Mexico, when talking about someone named Axel, will say &quot;Atsel.&quot;  And &quot;Stack Exchange&quot; presents additional hurdles for a Spanish speaker to produce, even if he has a mental image of how someone fluent in English pronounces it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T14:51:40.533" LastActivityDate="2019-07-26T20:24:43.943" Title="How is &quot;Stack Exchange&quot; pronounced in practice in a non-bilingual environment?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26496" CreationDate="2018-06-05T12:52:16.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es un resultado de la moda. En el pasado (y menos frecuentemente, hoy en día) se formaban gentilicios derivados de los topónimos o etnónimos antiguos (ej. de Inglaterra: &lt;em&gt;anglo-&lt;/em&gt;, de España: &lt;em&gt;hispano-&lt;/em&gt;, de Portugal: &lt;em&gt;luso-&lt;/em&gt;, de Japón: &lt;em&gt;nipo-&lt;/em&gt;, de China: &lt;em&gt;sino-&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;novohispano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es un latinismo (de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/novus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Novo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hispania#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hispānia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;Nueva España&lt;/em&gt;), como otras palabras de su época&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Formaci%C3%B3n_de_gentilicios_extranjeros#Seg.C3.BAn_a.C3.B1adidos_diversos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el prefijo preferido&lt;/a&gt; para expresar algo 'nuevo' es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QO8dyjW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;neo-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (del griego &lt;em&gt;νεο-&lt;/em&gt;), así que hay muchas palabras de los últimos dos siglos formadas así, como &lt;em&gt;neocolonialismo, neolatino, neonato&lt;/em&gt; etc, incluyendo la mayoría de&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; los gentilicios de países/regiones/ciudades llamadas &lt;em&gt;Nueva ...&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neogranadino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Nueva Granada&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, estas reglas no son absolutas; hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=novohispano%2Cneohispano&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una minoría&lt;/a&gt; de gente que usa la forma modernizada &lt;em&gt;neohispano&lt;/em&gt;, pero por popularidad la forma antigua es mucho más común. Por otro lado &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una minoría&lt;/a&gt; de gente usa la forma &lt;em&gt;novogranadino&lt;/em&gt; (en lugar de &lt;em&gt;neogranadino&lt;/em&gt;) por la influencia de &lt;em&gt;novohispano&lt;/em&gt;. También hay regiones cuyo prefijo 'Nuevo' ha sido lexicalizado por completo, como en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Suiza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuevoburgués&lt;/a&gt; (Nuevoburgo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre estas tres formas de denominar tales gentilicios, hay casos en los que dos formas son más o menos igual de populares e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=nuevoleon%C3%A9s%2Cneoleon%C3%A9s&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;neoleonés&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;nuevoleonés&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y casos en los que las tres formas se emplean e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=novomexicano%2Cneomexicano%2Cnuevomexicano&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;novomexicano/novomejicano&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;neomexicano/neomejicano&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;nuevomexicano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ENTRE las voces neohispano y novohispano ¿cuál debe usarse? Pues la que uno guste. Es muy antigua la primera; la segunda se ha impuesto desde hace más de medio siglo. Yo prefiero aquella, pues por influjo de &lt;em&gt;novohispano&lt;/em&gt; podría caer en la tentación de escribir &lt;em&gt;novófito&lt;/em&gt; en vez de neófito, &lt;em&gt;novoclásico&lt;/em&gt; a cambio de neoclásico, &lt;em&gt;novologismo&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de neologismo, y &lt;em&gt;novoliberal&lt;/em&gt; por neoliberal. Sí, prefiero neohispano a novohispano, y neoleonés a novoleonés, aunque no por ello llamaría Salvador Neo a Salvador Novo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=huZsN0oQOkUC&amp;amp;pg=PA28&amp;amp;dq=%22neohispano%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perlas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Nikito Nipongo (p.28)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. e.g. &lt;em&gt;ultoniano&lt;/em&gt;, del topónimo tradicional de Úlster en latín, &lt;em&gt;Ultonia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QPPiUEc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neoyorquino&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva York), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Estados_Unidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neojerseyés o neojerseíta&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Jérsey), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Estados_Unidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neohampshireño o neohantoniense&lt;/a&gt; (Nuevo Hampshire), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QPQ6yJD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neozelandés&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Zelanda), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Australia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neosurgalés&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Gales del Sur), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Canad%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neoescocés&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Escocia), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Canad%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neobrunswiqués&lt;/a&gt; (Nuevo Brunswick), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QOO7W0e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neoespartano&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Esparta), &lt;a href=&quot;http://publications.europa.eu/code/es/es-5000500.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neocaledonio&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Caledonia), &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20160810062028/http://semanariovoz.com/2014/10/27/fraude-en-ucrania-nueva-rusia-espera-nuevo-ataque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neorruso&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Rusia), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_India&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neodelhiense&lt;/a&gt;​&#xA;o &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infodefensa.com/mundo/2016/05/13/noticia-fuerza-naval-india.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neodelhí&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Delhi), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Cuba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neogerundense&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Gerona), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Espa%C3%B1a/Madrid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neobaztanés&lt;/a&gt; (Nuevo Baztán), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Espa%C3%B1a/Andaluc%C3%ADa/C%C3%A1diz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neojarillense&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Jarilla)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sino&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Colombia/Magdalena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;granadero&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Granada), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Colombia/Meta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;castellano&lt;/a&gt; (Castilla la Nueva), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Paraguay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;germanino&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Germania), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Uruguay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palmirense&lt;/a&gt; (Nueva Palmira), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Guatemala&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;villanovense&lt;/a&gt; (Villa Nueva), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Top%C3%B3nimos_de_Espa%C3%B1a/Comunidad_Valenciana/Alicante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;daianovés&lt;/a&gt; (Daya Nueva), &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neosoliense&lt;/a&gt; (Banská Bystrica ant. &lt;code&gt;lat.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Neosolium&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;code&gt;germ.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Neusohl&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T12:07:56.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26504" CreationDate="2018-06-05T17:02:17.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que existan las palabras &lt;em&gt;internal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;external&lt;/em&gt; en el español. Las traducciones correctas de estos términos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Externo/Interno&lt;/strong&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y puesto que son adjetivos con género pueden presentarse también como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Externa/Interna&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que la traducción correcta sea &lt;em&gt;interior&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;exterior&lt;/em&gt;, puesto que son cognados y deberían poderse traducir igualitariamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T17:35:49.913" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T17:35:49.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26553" CreationDate="2018-06-05T17:45:39.790" Score="3" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this tweet while reading news:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta manera nuestros valientes elementos de Policía Nacional Civil&#xA;  rescatan a una bebé, luego que el #VolcánDeFuego &lt;strong&gt;hiciera&lt;/strong&gt; erupción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is about &quot;hiciera&quot;. Why is subjunctive used in this sentence? There's no opinion or suggestion expressed here. Could one use &quot;hacia&quot; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19028" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T13:59:31.290" Title="Reason for subjunctive in following sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23183" CreationDate="2018-06-05T18:33:34.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré graciosa la pregunta (yo no sé cómo lo haces para encontrar preguntas interesantes por todos lados) y me puse a buscar algún otro ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los chilenos decimos &lt;em&gt;dar una &lt;strong&gt;chuleta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por &quot;patear&quot;. Una chuleta es una costilla o una pieza de carne con costilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bife&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es tanto un filete de vacuno como una bofetada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no sé dónde se usan, pero el diccionario menciona &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;catite&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (un &quot;pilón pequeño hecho con azúcar muy refinado&quot;, es decir, un pan dulce) y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;chufa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (un tubérculo dulce que se usa para hacer horchata), ambos también con el significado de tortazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que en definitiva se pueda rastrear el origen de estas expresiones. Me imagino que probablemente existen en otros idiomas y que son derivados humorísticos de una idea similar a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z6WqVJZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tapaboca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;tapar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;boca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Golpe que se da en la boca con la mano abierta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Razón, dicho o acción con que se hace callar a alguien, especialmente cuando se le convence de que es falso lo que dice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no en el sentido físico de que la boca está cerca de la mejilla, sino dando a entender que un golpe es, en definitiva, el argumento más poderoso de todos. Con una bofetada te dejo callado, como si estuviera metiéndote un pedazo de pastel en la boca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay una palabra que me permitió buscar un poco más hacia atrás:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PXRUWE7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mojicón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;mojar&lt;/em&gt; e -&lt;em&gt;icón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Especie de bizcocho, hecho regularmente de mazapán y azúcar, cortado en trozos y bañado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Especie de bollo fino que se toma principalmente con chocolate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. Golpe que se da en la cara con la mano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La etimología la comparte Corominas, y agrega que es &quot;una especie de bizcocho remojado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay un texto de 1623, &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/AMont08219/AMont08219_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Encomio de los Ingenios Sevillanos&lt;/a&gt;, de Juan Antonio de Ibarra, donde se dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AL muchachos del patria de Loiolas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que mal pulgas le estas, diablo le entregas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con mal trato que das, hazes reniegas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vaya i grita le das, hazes mamolas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quando por rabias hazes, pisas colas, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;si al huyes quieres por escapas bregas, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;con &lt;strong&gt;moxicon&lt;/strong&gt; que das, i coz que pegas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;rodando a infierno arrojas como bolas [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si aceptamos la etimología del DRAE, aquí hay un ejemplo del siglo de oro en el que se dan patadas y bizcochos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-05T18:46:24.953" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T18:46:24.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26508" CreationDate="2018-06-05T22:05:45.213" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;this is because the baby rescue sentence is subordinated to the volcanic eruption part of the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you could use &quot;hizo&quot; as is the past form (eliminating the subordination indicating that the volcan already made eruption before rescating the baby) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here's a big reference of how subjunctive is used to indicate past actions &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/despu%C3%A9s%20de%20que%20y%20subjuntivo.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/despu%C3%A9s%20de%20que%20y%20subjuntivo.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-06-05T22:05:45.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26501" CreationDate="2018-06-06T01:13:42.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Da lo mismo lo que &quot;importar&quot; signifique. Es solo una marca pragmática que usamos para evitar decir las cosas directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando dices &lt;em&gt;¿te importa si abro la ventana?&lt;/em&gt; estás recurriendo a un método comunicacional basado en la &quot;cortesía&quot;. No es la cortesía &lt;em&gt;social&lt;/em&gt; de los buenos modales, sino una cortesía &lt;em&gt;lingüística&lt;/em&gt; que consiste en expandir el mensaje agregando &quot;pistas&quot; que den a entender al interlocutor que él es importante, y que él es quien va a tomar las decisiones con respecto a lo que yo quiero hacer con las palabras. Yo quiero abrir la ventana pero eres tú la persona que va a tomar finalmente la decisión. Pero... esto es una actuación, porque en realidad no me importa que a ti te importe, y tú sabes que para mí no es importante que te importe, ni te importa que no me importe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es que en realidad no es equivalente a la cortesía social. De hecho, cuando hablas con tu señora sobre la camiseta, en realidad sí te importa, y a ella también, y van a llegar a un acuerdo cordial. Pero &lt;em&gt;la forma en que lo dices&lt;/em&gt; es una tecnología mental, un script. La expansión aparentemente innecesaria del mensaje (&lt;em&gt;te importaría, serías tan amable, si no fuera mucha molestia, sería posible que, solo quiero pedirte que, siento molestarte pero&lt;/em&gt;) mantiene una atmósfera de equilibrio durante la comunicación. (Esto ha sido estudiado por la pragmalingüística desde los años 70 y luego se ha abordado también desde una perspectiva cognitiva y evolucionista).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos guste o no, la hipocresía lingüística es un rasgo universal humano, y no es propia solo de los políticos ni de los vendedores, sino de todo el mundo, con algunas menores diferencias culturales. Cada vez que hablamos somos vagos, exagerados, usamos dobles sentidos, nos vamos por las ramas y esperamos que nuestros interlocutores también lo hagan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Puedes pasarme la salsa?&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;dame la salsa&quot;, independiente de que el interlocutor &quot;pueda pasarla&quot; o &quot;no pueda pasarla&quot;. Y aunque estemos en un ambiente de absoluta confianza, totalmente seguros de nuestro estatus y del tipo de relación que tenemos con el otro, no nos gusta que nos ordenen &quot;dame la salsa&quot;. Queremos (de hecho &lt;em&gt;necesitamos&lt;/em&gt;) que nos pregunten &lt;em&gt;¿me pasarías la salsa?, ¿serías tan amable de pasarme la salsa?, ¿tienes salsa...?, ¿está la salsa ahí porfa?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las inferencias pragmáticas son automáticas, y forman parte del lenguaje en un  nivel profundo. Romper intencionalmente las reglas de cortesía y otras similares, es uno de los métodos típicos del humorismo, y por eso tú y tu señora se rieron. De otro modo, podríamos pensar que ella es pedante o que tiene Síndrome de Asperger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T01:27:26.657" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T01:27:26.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26515" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26516" CreationDate="2018-06-06T14:26:14.080" Score="3" ViewCount="928" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escribe &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/6915/rodrigo&quot;&gt;Rodrigo&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26494/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; en espa&amp;#241;ol decimos &amp;quot;zorro&amp;quot; en vez de un derivado del lat&amp;#237;n &amp;quot;vulpes&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y de hecho tampoco se usa en catalán (&lt;em&gt;guineu&lt;/em&gt;), gallego (&lt;em&gt;raposo&lt;/em&gt;), francés (&lt;em&gt;renard&lt;/em&gt;), occitano (&lt;em&gt;guèine, mandra, rainal&lt;/em&gt;) ni portugués (&lt;em&gt;raposa&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acortando, sería algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y de hecho tampoco se usa en catalán, gallego, francés, occitano ni portugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la verdad es que me suena un poco raro. ¿No debería escribirse la conjunción &lt;em&gt;ni&lt;/em&gt; antes de cada uno de los elementos, o al menos antes del primero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T14:46:36.100" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:46:36.100" Title="¿Se debe poner un &quot;ni&quot; antes de cada elemento de una enumeración?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;redundancia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26515" CreationDate="2018-06-06T14:26:14.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no y no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice el DPD en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=V1EqcYbX4D61AWBBrd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2. Para separar o aislar elementos u oraciones dentro de un mismo enunciado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2.1. La coma separa los elementos de una enumeración, siempre que estos no sean complejos y ya contengan comas en su expresión, pues, en ese caso, se utiliza el punto y coma (→ punto y coma, 3a): Ayer me compré dos camisas, un pantalón, una chaqueta y dos pares de zapatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando la enumeración es completa o exhaustiva, el último elemento va introducido por una conjunción (y, e, o, u, ni), delante de la cual no debe escribirse coma&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es un chico muy reservado, estudioso y de buena familia.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;No le gustan las manzanas, las peras ni los plátanos.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;¿Quieres té, café o manzanilla?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T14:26:14.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26517" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-06T15:50:35.523" Score="2" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy aquí tratando de recordar una palabra, ¿tal vez me ayudan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doy un ejemplo: salió la bicicleta plegable.  En vista de un éxito inicial, se empezaron a producir artículos relacionados con la bicicleta plegable: el estuche, la maleta, los accesorios, etc., y entonces continúan con una gran línea de productos para la bicicleta plegable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra que quiero saber se refiere a todo este conjunto de cosas, la bicicleta con sus posibles accesorios junto a la afición de la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra sí existe, la escuché justo con este tema de las bicicletas plegables: el vendedor me mostró la bicicleta, y después me mostró todos los accesorios y me dijo: &quot;eso de la bicicleta plegable ahora es todo un(a) ... , que el morral, que el gancho, que el soporte...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19595" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T11:12:23.827" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:12:23.827" Title="Término para una tendencia o afición" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25757" CreationDate="2018-06-06T16:31:26.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile decimos que alguien es &lt;strong&gt;delicado de cutis&lt;/strong&gt; cuando es exageradamente susceptible y no se le puede hacer críticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T16:31:26.290" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19424" CreationDate="2018-06-06T17:03:46.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mecanismo sicológico y retórico general, que abarca estos casos y muchos otros, se llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonimia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metonimia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: nombrar algo con una palabra que se refiere a otra cosa con la cual se relaciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más específicamente se llama &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin%C3%A9cdoque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinécdoque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; cuando la relación es general-específico, por ejemplo cuando se le dice &quot;la visa&quot; a la tarjeta de crédito, a pesar de Visa solo es un caso de tarjeta de crédito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T17:03:46.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-06T17:14:53.553" Score="6" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the children's book &lt;em&gt;Alexander y el día terrible, horrible, espantoso, horroroso&lt;/em&gt;, translated by Alma Flor Ada, Alexander is describing the events of his really bad day:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces fuimos a la zapatería a comprar zapatos de gimnasia.  Anthony los escogió blancos con rayas azules.  Nick los escogió rojos con rayas blancas.  Yo los escogí azules con rayas rojas, pero entonces el vendedor dijo: Se acabaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that this use of &quot;los&quot; in three sentences here, e.g., &quot;Yo los escogí azules,&quot; is redundant, but I'm not sure if it adds any connotation to the text.  Would the meaning be any different if it were rendered &quot;yo escogí azules&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el libro infantil &lt;em&gt;Alexander y el día terrible, horrible, espantoso, horroroso&lt;/em&gt;, traducido por Alma Flor Ada, Alexander describe los eventos de su día terrible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces fuimos a la zapatería a comprar zapatos de gimnasia.  Anthony los escogió blancos con rayas azules.  Nick los escogió rojos con rayas blancas.  Yo los escogí azules con rayas rojas, pero entonces el vendedor dijo: Se acabaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que este uso de &quot;los&quot; en tres frases aquí, por ejemplo, &quot;Yo los escogí azules,&quot; es redundante, pero no sé si agrega alguna connotación.  ¿Sería diferente el significado del texto si fuera &quot;yo escogí azules&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-13T06:51:05.760" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T06:51:05.760" Title="Purpose of redundant pronoun in &quot;Yo los escogí azules&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;&lt;redundancia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26517" CreationDate="2018-06-06T17:58:10.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera palabra que se me ocurre es bastante común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PTFxq8T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;moda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Uso, modo o costumbre que está en boga durante algún tiempo, o en determinado país.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Gusto colectivo y cambiante en lo relativo a prendas de vestir y complementos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Conjunto de la vestimenta y los adornos de moda.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se aplica a cualquier nueva tendencia que pega fuerte durante un tiempo: la moda del &lt;em&gt;running&lt;/em&gt;, la moda del póquer, la moda de los &lt;em&gt;spinner&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando el público se cansa de la cosa en cuestión y cambia de afición, se dice que eso está (o se ha) &lt;em&gt;pasado de moda&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como digo, es una palabra bastante común. Algunas personas usan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qf48Xbb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;novedad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como sinónimo, quizá fue esa la que escuchaste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T17:58:10.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26517" CreationDate="2018-06-06T19:37:38.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la palabra que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;parafernalia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición de la RAE no le hace plena justicia pero por lo menos dice que se toma del inglés y ahi si la defiicion se adapata a lo que preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paraphernalia&lt;/strong&gt; ˌparəfəˈneɪlɪə/ &#xA;  noun:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  miscellaneous articles,&#xA;  especially the equipment needed for a particular activity. i.e &quot;drills,&#xA;  saws, and other paraphernalia necessary for home improvements&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;synonyms: equipment, stuff, things, apparatus, tackle, kit, implements, tools, utensils, material(s), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RpxkOFc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice&lt;/a&gt;: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eSPDY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eSPDY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la definición de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraphernalia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; lo confirma;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Paraphernalia most commonly refers to a group of apparatus, equipment,&#xA;  or furnishing used for a particular activity. For example, an avid&#xA;  sports fan may cover his walls with football and/or basketball&#xA;  paraphernalia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-06-06T19:45:02.177" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T19:45:02.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26520" CreationDate="2018-06-06T22:49:06.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say they are definitely redundant, which is not to say that they are meaningless. It's hard to pinpoint it exactly but I think it has to do with definiteness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... zapatos de gimnasia. Anthony los escogió blancos... Yo los escogí azules...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this redundant (and repeated) use of the pronoun &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; emphasizes the fact that the writer is referring to &lt;strong&gt;those shoes in particular, the sports shoes that they went to buy&lt;/strong&gt;, and not just any shoes (sports ones or any other kind) that they happened to see on display. It's very subtle; someone else may tell there's no difference in connotation or emphasis whatsoever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, as you already know, you can leave the pronoun as it is, or drop it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this definiteness I'm talking about is not the same kind of definiteness as the one that would be conveyed using a definite article before the adjectives like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anthony escogió los blancos... Yo escogí los azules...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would make sense only if the writer had already established that there were certain shoes on display and that they came in a few different colors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T22:49:06.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26503" CreationDate="2018-06-07T01:04:59.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enturcado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; forma parte del grupo de malsonancias latinoamericanas en las que se relaciona la ira con los genitales masculinos y la excitación sexual. Desconozco la exacta razón de esta relación, pero imagino que tiene que ver con la agresividad del macho en la conducta sexual de los mamíferos, y todo aquello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=envergado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;envergado, -a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj. Ho. Referido a persona, irritada, enojada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=encojonado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encojonado, -a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj. Ho, Cu, RD, Ve:O. Referido a persona, irritada, enojada. vulg; pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=caliente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caliente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj. ES, Pa, Co, Pe, Bo, Ur; Gu, Ch, p.u; Ve, pop + cult → espon; Ec, pop. Referido a persona, muy enfadada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=empijado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;empijado, -a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj. Ho. Referido a persona, muy enfadada, encolerizada. vulg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pichado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pichado, -a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj/sust. Py. Referido a persona, que se enoja con facilidad. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=empingado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;empingado, -a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.  1.  adj. Cu. Referido a persona, enfadada, enojada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Nicaragua y al parecer también en Honduras al pene se le dice &amp;quot;turco&amp;quot; o preferiblemente &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;la turca&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto porque los turcos, al menos en la versión más estereotípica de su raza, tienen la &lt;strong&gt;nariz grande&lt;/strong&gt;. Ojo, que en América les decimos &amp;quot;turcos&amp;quot; no solo a los nativos de Turquía, sino a todos los árabes e incluso a los judíos, quienes son famosos mundialmente por su narizota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces en este juego el pene es &amp;quot;la narigona&amp;quot;. (Por su forma, creo que queda claro, no voy a poner una ilustración.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Enturcarse&amp;quot;, como las demás palabras de la lista, significaría literalmente algo así como &amp;quot;volverse pene&amp;quot; o, tal vez, &amp;quot;erectársele a uno el pene&amp;quot;. Por lo tanto, &amp;quot;excitarse sexualmente&amp;quot;, Y luego en sentido figurado, &amp;quot;irritarse&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T01:04:59.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-07T01:49:45.160" Score="2" ViewCount="1153" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nora, prueba este plato _______&lt;/em&gt; [yourself].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer says &quot;ella misma&quot;, but I definitely know that's wrong. However, I don't know if it'd be &quot;tu misma&quot; or &quot;ti misma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19600" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T14:45:59.220" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:45:59.220" Title="Would it be &quot;tu misma&quot; or &quot;ti misma&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26530" CreationDate="2018-06-07T03:45:40.340" Score="1" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've learned that the following expressions are correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lava la mano. (She washes her hands.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lavó su ropa. (She washed her clothes.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a few search results suggest that the following are wrong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lava su mano. (Wrong)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se lava la ropa. (Wrong)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se olvidó los libros. (She forgot her books, but it's &lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't quite see any difference here but it looks like a clear-cut, so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is &quot;reflexive verb + article&quot; required? When is it forbidden?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T07:11:12.370" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T11:01:36.770" Title="Why &quot;se + verb + article + noun&quot; in some cases, but not in other cases?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-06-19T02:48:45.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26527" CreationDate="2018-06-07T09:15:14.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer as to why it is not &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; can perhaps be gained from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZhjwWgn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entry in the dictionary of the RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. person. 2.ª pers. m. y f. sing. Forma que, precedida de preposición, designa a la persona a la que se dirige quien habla o escribe. Ya no trabajan para ti. Tenés que preocuparte más por ti.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. person. 2.ª pers. m. y f. sing. coloq. Designa a una persona&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you see from the first definition that &lt;em&gt;ti&lt;/em&gt; would normally be preceded by a preposition. The etymology is from the Latin dative &lt;em&gt;tibi&lt;/em&gt; which is usually translated into English as to or for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T09:15:14.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26528" CreationDate="2018-06-07T11:01:36.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All your examples are grammatically and semantically correct, you can use both versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lava su mano: not as common as &quot;se lava la mano&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se lava la ropa / Lavó su ropa: both versions are perfectly correct. The first one stresses in my opinion the fact that he washes his own clothes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se olvidó los libros / Olvidó los libros: both versions are correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you are right : there are some verbs which are reflexive. There are even some verbs which have different meanings, whether you use them as reflexive verbs or not. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Llamar (ella llama a su madre / she calls her mom) , llamarse (ella se llama Pilar / her name is Pilar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ir (él va al trabajo / he goes to work) , irse (se acaba de ir / he is just gone)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and many more, you can google for them or take a look &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/reflexive-verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am afraid you will have to learn by heart which verbs with which meaning are reflexive. There is no general rule for this in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a special case (or maybe the common case?) when  someone is performing an action on themselves. In this case you use a reflexive construction like the examples you mentioned &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T11:01:36.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26531" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26532" CreationDate="2018-06-07T13:17:04.223" Score="4" ViewCount="9693" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5220/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se legalizan los superlativos irregulares?&lt;/a&gt; se abrió el interesante debate sobre cómo se &lt;em&gt;normalizan&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;legalizan&lt;/em&gt;) los superlativos que se salen de lo normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refloto este debate al hilo de lo que leía ahora:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que Arnaldo Otegi esté escocido con el nombramiento de Grande Marlaska en Interior es una &lt;strong&gt;buena noticia&lt;/strong&gt; para Sánchez. Que Quim Torra tenga los pelos de punta con Borrell en Exteriores es una &lt;strong&gt;grandísima noticia&lt;/strong&gt; para Pedro Sánchez. Que Ana Patricia Botín haya saludado con entusiasmo a Nadia Calviño en Economía es una &lt;strong&gt;grandérrima noticia&lt;/strong&gt; para Sánchez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lamarea.com/2018/06/07/no-es-un-gobierno-de-izquierdas-por-eso-es-inteligente/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;No es un gobierno de izquierdas, por eso es inteligente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, el autor va haciendo una gradación &lt;em&gt;bueno → grande → grandérrimo&lt;/em&gt; utilizando el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-érrimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, se está construyendo un superlativo que &quot;encaja&quot; en lo habitual para crear &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Grado_superlativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;superlativos de adjetivos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El grado superlativo del adjetivo se puede expresar de varias formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Añadiendo delante del adjetivo el adverbio de cantidad &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mediante derivación, añadiendo los sufijos &lt;em&gt;-ísima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ísimo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-érrima&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-érrimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En el habla popular, a menudo se utiliza también la prefijación. Algunos de los prefijos utilizados son: &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;super-&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;extra-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mediante otros recursos formales. Por ejemplo, añadiendo algún adverbio (superlativo perifrástico):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;También con expresiones y frases hechas con &lt;em&gt;más que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;em&gt;grandérrimo&lt;/em&gt; en concreto nunca lo había oído. ¿Qué tan común es? ¿Qué otro superlativo puede tener &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T14:47:25.343" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T15:41:11.520" Title="¿Cuál es el superlativo de &quot;grande&quot;? ¿Es &quot;grandérrimo&quot; correcto?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26531" CreationDate="2018-06-07T14:41:44.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín, el sufijo superlativo natural de los adjetivos sustantivados era -&lt;em&gt;issimus&lt;/em&gt; (de donde viene &lt;em&gt;-ísimo&lt;/em&gt;), pero cuando una palabra tuviera un raíz en &lt;em&gt;-ro-&lt;/em&gt;, la forma sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-issimus#Usage_notes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-errimus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de donde viene &lt;em&gt;-érrimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Tales palabras son muy poco comunes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;acérrimo, aspérrimo, celebérrimo, integérrimo, libérrimo, misérrimo, nigérrimo, paupérrimo, pulquérrimo, salubérrimo, ubérrimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por eso, &lt;em&gt;-érrimo&lt;/em&gt; no es tan productivo como &lt;em&gt;-ísimo&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho, esta lista de palabras es muy culta, hasta el punto que las formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;agrísimo, asperísimo, negrísimo, pobrísimo, pulcrísimo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;también existen y son &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=-%C3%A9rrimo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;igualmente válidos y aceptados en la norma culta&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (DPD, &lt;em&gt;érrimo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimologicamente, &lt;em&gt;grandérrimo&lt;/em&gt; no es 'correcto', puesto que la forma en latín era &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grandissimus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;grandissimus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&gt; &lt;em&gt;grandísimo&lt;/em&gt;). &#xA; Sin embargo en el castellano actual, podemos utilizar y mezclar cada manera de sufijos superlativo y diminutivo por razones de estilo. Por ejemplo, en tu cita, el autor ya ha usado la palabra &lt;em&gt;grandísima&lt;/em&gt;, y emplea &lt;em&gt;-érrimo&lt;/em&gt; para significar algo más fuerte que &lt;em&gt;-íssimo&lt;/em&gt;, análogo a como podemos usar &lt;em&gt;-ín&lt;/em&gt; etc para contrastar algo más diminuto que &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt; (aunque en aislamiento significan más o menos lo mismo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1. Cuando un adjetivo tenía un raíz en &lt;em&gt;-lo-&lt;/em&gt;, el sufijo superlativo sería &lt;em&gt;-illimus&lt;/em&gt;, pero no conozco ningún ejemplo español que termina en &lt;em&gt;*-ílimo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T15:41:11.520" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T15:41:11.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26533" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-07T14:49:09.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about superlatives. What is the superlative of a given word. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas acerca de superlativos . Cuál es el superlativo de una determinada palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T15:01:50.023" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T15:01:50.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26534" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-07T14:49:09.117" Score="0" Body="Questions about superlatives. What is the superlative of a given word. // Preguntas acerca de superlativos . Cuál es el superlativo de una determinada palabra." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T15:01:36.077" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T15:01:36.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26537" CreationDate="2018-06-07T21:24:06.547" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that, besides ñ, the only diacritics in Castilian are acute accents on vowels, to indicate the atypical placement of stress.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In subtitles for the English version of the Mexico-based 2017 film &lt;em&gt;Coco&lt;/em&gt;, which also has occasional Spanish, I sometimes see vowels with grave accents instead. Examples include &lt;em&gt;espèrame&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;espérame&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dejarè&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;dejaré&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;què&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these typos, or is Mexican Spanish different in this regard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19604" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T21:39:44.320" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T22:43:09.937" Title="Does Mexican Spanish use grave accents?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26536" CreationDate="2018-06-07T22:37:08.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, Spanish (of any standard written variety) only uses acute accents in these circumstances. This seems like an error on the subtitles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, for example, on the official Latin American Disney channel on YouTube it employs &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BXENhoU3rQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;only acute accents&lt;/a&gt; in the videos' (hardcoded) subtitles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qvWrz.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qvWrz.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Coco Tráiler&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may &lt;em&gt;occasionally&lt;/em&gt; see grave accents in some proper nouns in Spanish derived from other languages (e.g. some towns in Catalonia: &lt;em&gt;Puigcerdà&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;Catalan&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Bossòst&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;Aranese&lt;/code&gt;), but even in these cases they mostly also have Spanishised versions (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puigcerd%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puigcerdá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosost&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bosost&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; in addition to &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;em&gt;á, é, í, ó, ú&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; there is also &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/25700/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to show a 'u' is pronounced when occurring between a 'g' and an 'e' or 'i' e.g. &lt;em&gt;lingüística, güey&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Not recognised as an 'accent' by natives, but a distinct letter from &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;. Similar to how in English 'j' isn't seen as just an 'i' with a tail.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Also &lt;em&gt;ý&lt;/em&gt; occurs in a handful of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20262/18348&quot;&gt;archaic proper nouns&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T22:43:09.937" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T22:43:09.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-08T03:58:16.300" Score="3" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought that 'estoy' was the formal version of 'soy', but I saw that there were not many examples of using 'estoy' while referring to yourself. Also, I read that you don't use formal words when referring to yourself, only others. Is that true? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19592" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-13T03:00:56.837" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T03:00:56.837" Title="What is the difference between 'estoy' and 'soy'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-06-08T09:42:07.570" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19361" CreationDate="2018-06-08T05:24:18.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Perú siempre he oído la expresión &quot;hablando del rey de Roma, y el &quot;burro&quot; que se asoma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19608" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T05:24:18.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-08T12:20:20.283" Score="5" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/TCAvendano/status/1004704217012072449&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en Twitter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En portugués brasileño existe una palabra para esa gente que siempre intenta llamar la atención pero que no lo logra porque en realidad no destaca en nada: “Es un desaplaudido”. Es maravillosa. Tenemos que importarla al castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que me ha gustado mucho el concepto, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/ptes/desaplaudido&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference no lo recoge&lt;/a&gt; y distintas personas responden al autor diciendo que no lo conocen. Será, pues, algo bastante nuevo y coloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué se nos ocurre como traducción al castellano? Sería algo así como una mezcla entre &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OxuqCFI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mequetrefe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (poca cosa) y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T1W2jin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pimpín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (acepción no recogida en el DLE consistente en tener ínfulas de mucho, sin serlo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-07-10T06:51:03.607" Title="¿Hay equivalente en el castellano a &quot;desaplaudido&quot; del portugués brasileño?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19548" CreationDate="2018-06-08T21:00:37.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aclaración del modismo (espero que esto ayude a llegar a una buena traducción):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conozco dos maneras de usar esta frase.  Una describe la falta de concordancia, y la otra observa lo inútil de forzar la pieza a entrar en el hoyo incorrecto. Una imagen que ilustra la segunda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ADzfF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ADzfF.png&quot; alt=&quot;martillo, pieza cuadrada, hoyo redondo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La imagen aparece en un &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eisgroup.com/disruptionandinsurance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; que dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are insurers force-fitting disruption on old operating models and systems? [...] Without a solid foundation, the whole exercise of customer-centered transformation will be a frustrating practice of banging square pegs into round holes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay otros artículos que podría citar pero me gustó ese por la imagen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para este uso del modismo, propongo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quitar las esquinas para que quepa la pieza cuadrada en un agujero redondo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizo este modismo en la siguiente situación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay un niño con ADHD. La maestra no sabe manejarlo bien, y trata de romperle el espíritu. Trata de quitar las esquinas para que quepa la pieza cuadrada en un agujero redondo. Es decir, quieren que todos tomen la forma redonda, como si no hubiera variedad neurológica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T21:00:37.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2018-06-08T23:01:12.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente &lt;em&gt;primo&lt;/em&gt; también era una forma coloquial de referirse a un &quot;sujeto cándido, sencillo y crédulo a quien se engaña fácilmente&quot; (véase &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=e8dLAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;dq=primo%20primitivo%20negro&amp;amp;pg=PA1422#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=primo%20primitivo%20negro&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.cl/books?id=JEJBMvZI2OYC&amp;amp;dq=primo%20primitivo%20negro&amp;amp;pg=PA434#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;). Corominas cree que era una ironía, a partir de uno de los significados originales de primo: &quot;sutil, primoroso&quot;, es decir, de &lt;em&gt;primera&lt;/em&gt; calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser, por lo tanto, que a los negros les haya quedado ese mote por ser gente culturalmente menos sofisticada que los europeos de antaño, de la cual se reían diciéndoles &quot;primeros&quot; por decirles &quot;rústicos&quot;. Es una idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T23:01:12.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-09T06:05:21.307" Score="4" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no por ello debemos vivir &lt;strong&gt;a voluntad de otros&lt;/strong&gt;, y es una cadena que todos deberíamos empezar a romper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using this expression, I'm not sure if &amp;quot;voluntad&amp;quot; should be in the singular or in the plural, as well as if a definite article should be attached to the noun &amp;quot;voluntad&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vivir a voluntad de otros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vivir a la voluntad de otros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vivir a voluntades de otros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vivir a las voluntades de otros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19515" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T01:10:13.610" Title="The expression &quot;a (la/las) voluntad(es) de otros&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26482" CreationDate="2018-06-09T15:16:23.003" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué se considera exactamente una &quot;vianda&quot; en Puerto Rico? ¿Ha cambiado su uso desde finales de los 80 hasta hoy? ¿Es una palabra de uso común o es más de abuela?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A juzgar por las recetas de cocina en el internet, sí es de uso común actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos explican el término así: &lt;em&gt;root vegetables&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;tubérculos&lt;/strong&gt;), y ciertas otras cosas también (e.g. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Vianda&lt;/em&gt; is a starchy tropical root or tuber such as yucca, yautia, cassava, malanga, taro and sweet potatoes, green plantains are also included&quot; -- &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vianda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;).  Pero lo que todas las viandas tienen en común es &lt;strong&gt;el almidón&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo que el término más apto sería &lt;strong&gt;verduras feculentas de las zonas tropicales&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;starchy tropical vegetables&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  (Nótese que la zanahoria no pertenece a este conjunto de alimentos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como documentación escojí dos artículos impresos.  Notas: Creo que la &lt;em&gt;batata&lt;/em&gt; es el camote (en inglés, &lt;em&gt;sweet potato&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;yam&lt;/em&gt;); el &lt;em&gt;plátano&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a lo que se tiene que cocer (en inglés &lt;em&gt;plantain&lt;/em&gt;, en México &lt;em&gt;plátano macho&lt;/em&gt;), a diferencia de la &lt;em&gt;banana&lt;/em&gt;, que se come crudo (en México, &lt;em&gt;plátano roatán&lt;/em&gt;); la &lt;em&gt;calabaza&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al &lt;em&gt;winter squash&lt;/em&gt; de inglés, a diferencia del &lt;em&gt;summer squash&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;zucchini&lt;/em&gt; de inglés (que se conoce como &lt;em&gt;calabacita&lt;/em&gt; en México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sal.pr/2017/11/16/la-versatilidad-de-las-viandas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La versatilidad de las viandas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yuca, yautía, calabaza, batata, ñame, plátano, malanga, pana, papa&lt;/strong&gt;… Son algunas de las viandas más utilizadas en la isla y una de&#xA;  las opciones de alimentación que ha estado en nuestro menú, con&#xA;  algunas variaciones y añadiduras, desde tiempos inmemoriales. Son&#xA;  accesibles, económicas y una solución rápida, ya sean solas o como&#xA;  acompañantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Las viandas son de los alimentos más versátiles que tenemos. Además,&#xA;  son nutritivas, fáciles de conseguir, se mantienen por mucho tiempo&#xA;  sin refrigeración y hay muchas maneras de confeccionar diversos&#xA;  platillos”, afirma el chef Carlos Ríos, del restaurante criollo&#xA;  Delicias, en el Hotel La Concha, en Condado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde sopas, puré ligero, un majado más compacto, mofongos, chips, en&#xA;  escabeche, pasteles, alcapurrias, rellenos y diversidad de frituras,&#xA;  cremas, panes, casabe, bizcochos, tostones y hasta flanes. Solo es&#xA;  cuestión de poner la creatividad a trabajar para lograr algo diferente&#xA;  y sabroso. Sobre todo, en estos momentos en que son muchos los que&#xA;  cocinan con una estufita de gas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Las viandas pueden estar fuera de refrigerador por bastante tiempo&#xA;  sin dañarse, así que ahora que muchos no tienen electricidad, son una&#xA;  gran alternativa. Además, son alimentos que nunca pasan de moda, por&#xA;  eso su uso nunca decae en los hogares puertorriqueños”, afirma Ríos,&#xA;  quien dice que en el restaurante donde trabaja “las viandas son unos&#xA;  de mis elementos más importantes en el menú”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y aunque generalmente son acompañantes de platos como en el caso de la&#xA;  ensalada de bacalao o como parte de un sancocho o sopa, también tienen&#xA;  su protagonismo en la cocina. Por ejemplo, el chef indica que hace&#xA;  ñoquis de papa, yuca o yautía y que puede convertirse en la “estrella&#xA;  del plato”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Además, destaca que hacer ñoquis de una vianda dice que no es difícil.&#xA;  “Lo que haces es que la hierves -o la puedes rostizar-, se maja y&#xA;  cuando la masa está fría, incorporas el huevo, la harina y parmesano&#xA;  para hacer una masa”, explica Ríos, quien hace la salvedad de que si&#xA;  los haces de yuca, debes tener en cuenta que tiene bastante almidón,&#xA;  por lo que éste se debe sacar para que no queden demasiado densos los&#xA;  ñoquis. Pero de la misma forma, agrega que ese almidón se puede&#xA;  utilizar para espesar ya sea en una sopa o una salsa. “Es lo que ayuda&#xA;  a espesar el sancocho, un plato muy típico de aquí, que gusta mucho&#xA;  todo el año”, añade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ríos también menciona el escabeche de viandas o el majado, como platos&#xA;  que se pueden servir solos o con algún acompañante. “Un majado no&#xA;  tiene que llevar una carne. Puede tener vegetales o un crocante de&#xA;  otra vianda”, propone el chef, mientras recomienda que para el&#xA;  escabeche se deben picar en pedazos pequeños y hervirlas con un poco&#xA;  de sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Luego se dejan enfriar y se hace el escabeche, que se compone de&#xA;  cebolla, aceitunas, lasquitas de ajo, hojas de laurel y pimienta&#xA;  negra. Lo más importante es el vinagre y el aceite de oliva. Todo eso&#xA;  se pone a cocinar y cuando esté hirviendo se incorpora a las viandas.&#xA;  Yo lo dejo marinar por 24 horas para que todos los sabores se mezclen&#xA;  bien y la vianda coja ese sabor tan rico”, explica tras aceptar que la&#xA;  malanga, la yautía y la yuca son sus viandas preferidas y las que más&#xA;  utiliza en su cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La yautía, de hecho, es uno de los tubérculos que cobran protagonismo&#xA;  en casi todos los hogares boricuas a lo largo de todo el año. “Me&#xA;  encanta por su variedad. La incluyo en casi todos los platos, hasta&#xA;  para postres, porque hago un flan que hacía mi abuela con yautía lila,&#xA;  que tiene un sabor ligero, un poco dulce, pero sin llegar a serlo por&#xA;  completo”, agrega el chef, aunque dice que la batata dulce también es&#xA;  ideal para hacer flan “y queda espectacular”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.presenciapr.com/majado-de-viandas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sabrosuras: Majado de viandas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8 oz (media libra) de viandas (por ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;malanga, yuca, ñame,&#xA;  yautía, papa, batata&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 taza de leche entera o evaporada   2 cucharadas de aceite oliva&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sal y pimienta a gusto   Una cucharada de perejil picadito para&#xA;  adornar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En una cacerola grande, poner 8 tazas de agua a hervir con una&#xA;  cucharada de sal. Pelar y picar las viandas en cubos de no más de 2&#xA;  pulgadas y verter en agua hirviendo hasta que se cuezan (que un&#xA;  tenedor penetre la vianda sin resistencia y fácilmente). Esto puede&#xA;  tomar de 12-25 minutos dependiendo del tamaño que cortó la vianda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remover las viandas del agua y verter en un recipiente mediano junto&#xA;  al aceite y la leche (comenzar con 1/2 taza y luego seguir&#xA;  incorporando más leche hasta que tome la consistencia preferida),&#xA;  majar con majador de papas o tenedor, ajustar sazón con sal y pimienta&#xA;  y esparcir el perejil sobre el majado. Servir. ¡Yum!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-09T15:22:21.340" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T15:22:21.340" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26550" CreationDate="2018-06-09T17:49:42.397" Score="3" ViewCount="18542" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alguien que ha terminado un grado universitario puede ser &lt;em&gt;graduado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;licenciado&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;doctorado&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&#xA;Alguien que ha terminado bachillerato se denomina &lt;em&gt;Bachiller&lt;/em&gt;. Pero, ¿cómo se le llama a alguien que está cursando un grado universitario?&#xA;Supongo que habrá otra palabra además de &lt;em&gt;estudiante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8396" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T21:31:51.323" Title="¿Cómo se llama alguien que está estudiando un grado?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26548" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26551" CreationDate="2018-06-09T18:54:38.123" Score="11" ViewCount="1586" Body="&lt;p&gt;Le estaba explicando a unos niños cosas sobre unos pájaros (vencejos, concretamente), y me han preguntado que cómo se llama el sonido que hacen...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Les he respondido que «chirrido», porque estos pájaros hacen un ruido bastante chirriante, pero ¿cuál es la palabra genérica para el sonido de un pájaro al piar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T11:05:03.737" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T11:05:03.737" Title="De ladrar, ladrido; de maullar, maullido. ¿Y de piar?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26548" CreationDate="2018-06-09T19:05:55.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;piar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T6Li1tV%7CT6QbqG1%7CT6VGC0P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kUqdL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kUqdL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=eEWZL1j9ig8C&amp;amp;q=p%C3%A1jaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Using Spanish: A Guide to Contemporary Usage&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, By R. E. Batchelor, C. J. Pountain (1992)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, hay los sinónimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TGTPGkJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;piular&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TGVaKh8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;piulido&lt;/a&gt; (del catalán)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;piar, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T6s0RWt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;piolar&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T7Rkvd8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pipiar&lt;/a&gt; → pío&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T13:49:56.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26547" CreationDate="2018-06-09T19:36:15.490" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para alguien cursando su doctorado, existen por lo menos los siguientes términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;alumno/a&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;estudiante&lt;/sub&gt; de doctorado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;alumno/a&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;estudiante&lt;/sub&gt; doctoral&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;alumno/a&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;estudiante&lt;/sub&gt;) doctorante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;doctorando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del título de &lt;em&gt;grado&lt;/em&gt;, que sepa yo, no hay una forma adjetival análoga a &lt;em&gt;doctoral&lt;/em&gt; (sería &lt;em&gt;gradual&lt;/em&gt;, que obviamente existe, pero con significados muy distintos).  No obstante, no sería problema formar las otras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;alumno/a&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;estudiante&lt;/sub&gt; de grado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;alumno/a&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;estudiante&lt;/sub&gt;) graduante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;graduando&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No recomendaría &lt;em&gt;graduante&lt;/em&gt; porque tiende a usarse ya para representar la gente que, en la ceremonia de graduación, van a recibir aquel día su título.  Igualmente, la forma análoga, &lt;em&gt;doctorante&lt;/em&gt; parecer disfrutar de uso solo en Méjico (aunque el francés ha optado por la misma forma y es España el país que suele aprovechar de las construcciones francesas).  &lt;em&gt;Graduando&lt;/em&gt; está recogido ya en el DRAE, pero personalmente nunca lo he escuchado en persona.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más normal es simplemente &lt;strong&gt;alumno de grado&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-06-09T21:31:51.323" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T21:31:51.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26548" CreationDate="2018-06-09T21:36:40.760" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SrHwBko&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;piada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción o modo de piar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí no me suena nada bonito decir &quot;la piada de las aves&quot;, preferiría decir &quot;el piar de las aves&quot;, pero el diccionario no acepta &quot;piar&quot; como sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-10T11:25:29.703" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T11:25:29.703" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26545" CreationDate="2018-06-09T23:23:34.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd never use &quot;a voluntad de&quot;. The only site where it appears to be used is &lt;a href=&quot;http://laurablanch.com/?s=Pero%20no%20por%20ello%20debemos%20vivir%20a%20voluntad%20de%20otros%2C%20y%20es%20una%20cadena%20que%20todos%20deber%C3%ADamos%20empezar%20a%20romper.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, we would use a more explicit preposition or phrase with &quot;voluntad&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vivir &lt;strong&gt;según&lt;/strong&gt; la voluntad de los demás&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vivir &lt;strong&gt;de acuerdo con&lt;/strong&gt; la voluntad de los demás&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vivir &lt;strong&gt;siguiendo&lt;/strong&gt; la voluntad de los demás&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Notice that in the cases above we never use the plural for &quot;voluntad&quot;, even if each person's &quot;voluntad&quot; differs from that of others.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only when the unit formed by &quot;preposition + noun + de&quot; is a set phrase can we do without the article before the abstract noun within the phrase and before the one that follows, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a pedido de&lt;/strong&gt; otros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;por orden de&lt;/strong&gt; otros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a criterio de&lt;/strong&gt; otros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only case that comes to mind of &quot;voluntad&quot; being used without an article is the phrase &quot;a voluntad&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comió &lt;strong&gt;a voluntad&lt;/strong&gt;. (He ate as much as he wanted.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-06-10T00:13:13.963" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T00:13:13.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26508" CreationDate="2018-06-09T23:41:18.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is simply an incorrect use of the subjunctive. &lt;a href=&quot;http://docplayer.es/11376829-Manual-de-estilo-clarin.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This style manual of Argentinean Clarín newspaper&lt;/a&gt;, as well as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fnpi.org/sites/default/files/manualdeestilo.compressed.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other one&lt;/a&gt;, explain that the past simple or past perfect in the indicative mood should be used instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uso incorrecto del pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo (dijera/dijese) como equivalente del pretérito y/o pluscuamperfecto del indicativo (dijo/había dicho). Ej.: &amp;quot;El Presidente, que afirmara (lo correcto sería &amp;quot;afirmó&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;había afirmado&amp;quot;) en su momento que aprobaría el proyecto, se opuso rotundamente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uso incorrecto del pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo (amara/amase)&#xA;como equivalente del pretérito o del pluscuamperfecto del indicativo (dijo/&#xA;había dicho): “El técnico, que en su momento dijera que Abbondanzieri sería&#xA;titular, lo mandó al banco”. Lo correcto es: “El técnico, que en su momento dijo&#xA;(o había dicho) que Abbondanzieri sería titular, lo mandó al banco”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the message should have been written as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De esta manera nuestros valientes elementos de Policía Nacional Civil rescatan a una bebé, luego que el #VolcánDeFuego &lt;strong&gt;hizo&lt;/strong&gt; erupción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The eruption did take place, so there's no justification for using the subjunctive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T13:59:31.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26556" CreationDate="2018-06-10T12:10:56.147" Score="2" ViewCount="975" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra para describir a una persona con un egoísmo tan desmesurado al punto que no le importa la vida de los demás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-10T21:25:23.930" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T21:53:04.913" Title="¿Qué palabra se puede utilizar para describir a una persona con un egoísmo muy desmesurado?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26555" CreationDate="2018-06-10T12:26:44.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo mejor (lo único) que se me ocurre es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ER392SG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ególatra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que profesa la egolatría. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;siendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ER9ByHj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;egolatría&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἐγώ egṓ&lt;/em&gt; o lat. &lt;em&gt;ego&lt;/em&gt; 'yo' y -latría.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Culto, adoración o amor excesivo de sí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T12:26:44.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26558" CreationDate="2018-06-10T14:07:32.120" Score="3" ViewCount="1157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los dibujos animados y cómics en japonés usan sonidos parecidos a &quot;fts fts&quot; o &quot;bts bts&quot; como onomatopeya para cuando un personaje está murmurando. ¿Existe algo así en español? O si no, ¿cómo se podría traducir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-10T23:47:52.270" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T09:56:03.217" Title="¿Existe una onomatopeya en español para el sonido de murmurar?" Tags="&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26557" CreationDate="2018-06-10T16:39:16.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés existen varias, como &lt;em&gt;mumble-mumble&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;buzz buzz&lt;/em&gt;, o de plano la palabra &amp;quot;whisper&amp;quot; entre comillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español no la he visto tanto, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/handle/10230/27831/Marquez_2016.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; de Cristina Márquez Prieto indica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bis-bis&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bss&lt;/strong&gt;, y &lt;strong&gt;chau-chau&lt;/strong&gt; pueden ser utilizadas como onomatopeyas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/handle/10230/27831/Marquez_2016&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qz6vs.png&quot; alt=&quot;.pdf&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T09:56:03.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26557" CreationDate="2018-06-10T16:40:51.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada del DLE para «bisbisear» puedes leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5ba7W48&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bisbisear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De la onomat. &lt;em&gt;bisbís&lt;/em&gt;, imit. del sonido del cuchicheo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De lo cual inferimos que una de las onomatopeyas reconocidas es &lt;strong&gt;bisbís&lt;/strong&gt; (a pesar de que no venga con tal acepción &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bXgxk2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;si la buscas directamente&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque si lo que quieres es traducir algo, yo personalmente usaría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bcPPID&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bisbiseo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T16:40:51.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26555" CreationDate="2018-06-10T21:51:54.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo mejor es &lt;strong&gt;ególatra&lt;/strong&gt;, ya mencionado por @Leonardo en su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como complemento agrego el concepto de &lt;strong&gt;egópata&lt;/strong&gt;, que es específico de la psicología:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Egopatía&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Conducta agresiva, violenta, que tiene como origen un fuerte egocentrismo que le lleva al desprecio de los demás (&lt;a href=&quot;https://psiquiatria.com/glosario/egopatia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Actitud agresiva y hostil respecto a los demás debida a una sobrevaloración de sí. Es frecuente en las personalidades psicopáticas (v. psicopatía) que, mediante la hostilidad y la agresión, se reafirman en su propia fuerza y virilidad (&lt;a href=&quot;http://consulta-psicologica.com/diccionario-de-psicologia/314-egopatia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y propongo también el concepto político de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarquismo_ego%C3%ADsta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estirnerista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, usado de forma bastante imprecisa, generalmente con el significado de &amp;quot;violentista&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;terrorista&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T21:51:54.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26555" CreationDate="2018-06-10T21:53:04.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Os dejo un sinónimo poco conocido de &lt;em&gt;egoísta&lt;/em&gt; que acabo de encontrar: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hu5Lege&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filautero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Proviene de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Hu5KBsI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filaucía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, del griego &lt;em&gt;φιλαυτία philautía&lt;/em&gt; 'egoísmo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tienes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EQqhi27&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;egocéntrico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y una un tanto cómica: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wf7moVj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rompenecios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T21:53:04.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26548" CreationDate="2018-06-10T22:07:27.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo se puede usar como sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;piar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compárese con &lt;a href=&quot;http://bangos.info/letra-de-cuba-traigo-un-cantar-carlos-puebla_125107&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;De Cuba Traigo un Cantar&quot; de Carlos Puebla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-10T22:07:27.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26545" CreationDate="2018-06-11T01:10:13.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I think your idea would work better if you added &quot;conforme&quot;: &lt;em&gt;vivir conforme a&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty common in certain religious contexts to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vivir conforme a la voluntad de Dios / Jesucristo / Alá (etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though it doesn't appear to be as common to say &quot;vivir conforme a la voluntad de&quot; with some non-religious object of the preposition, I think it works fine.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vivir conforme a la voluntad personal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, there is an idiomatic way of expressing your idea (&quot;de otros&quot;): &lt;strong&gt;ajena&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ajena a uno&lt;/strong&gt;.  For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vivir conforme a la voluntad ajena&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vivir conforme a la voluntad ajena a uno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I saw one of these phrases, I would think you were talking about &lt;em&gt;autonomy&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;self determination&lt;/em&gt; -- which I think is what you are after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T01:10:13.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15108" CreationDate="2018-06-11T01:27:01.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;También puede ser &lt;strong&gt;distribución&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DzLicOv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;distribuir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Dar a algo su oportuna colocación o el destino conveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para ser precisos, especificamos que se trata de distribución en el tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La boda tuvo una excelente &lt;strong&gt;distribución temporal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T01:27:01.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26527" CreationDate="2018-06-11T02:23:40.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer key in your book would be correct if there weren't a comma after the name.  Then the sentence would be a description of what Nora is doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nora prueba este plato ella misma. | &lt;em&gt;Nora tastes / is tasting this dish herself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you are right, with the comma included, the sentence becomes an order (imperative mood):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nora, prueba este plato tú misma. | &lt;em&gt;Nora, taste this dish yourself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be less ambiguous with an exclamation point.  That would make it super clear that an imperative is intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, how do we know when to use &quot;tú misma&quot; and when to use &quot;ti misma&quot;?  Both are used to add emphasis.  If the personal pronoun is a &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt; pronoun, use &quot;tú misma.&quot;  If it's an &lt;em&gt;object&lt;/em&gt; pronoun, use &quot;ti misma.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subject.  Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vas a tener que lavar los trastes tú misma. | &lt;em&gt;You're going to have to wash the dishes yourself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Object. Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si quieres que valoren tu trabjao, debes empezar por respetarte &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; ti misma. | &lt;em&gt;If you want others to value your work, you should start by respecting yourself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trata de hacerlo &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; ti misma. | &lt;em&gt;Try to do it by yourself.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line (simple rule of thumb): if there's a preposition, you need &quot;ti misma.&quot;  I put the prepositions in the examples in boldface to make them stand out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: There are a few pronouns that happen to have the same form as subject and as object, for example &quot;ella misma.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T02:23:40.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26520" CreationDate="2018-06-11T11:59:51.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original text in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So then we went to the shoe store to buy some sneakers. Anthony chose white ones with blue stripes; Nick chose red ones with white stripes. I chose blue ones with red stripes, but then the shoe man said, we're all sold out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, the translator could have gone with the simpler expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anthony escogió blancos con rayas azules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think she wanted to get across the idea of &lt;em&gt;white &lt;strong&gt;ones&lt;/strong&gt; with blue stripes&lt;/em&gt;.  By including the optional object pronoun (&lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;), she was able to convey several implicit bits of additional meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;each child was going to go home with a pair of athletic shoes;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the children were, in theory, permitted to choose the colors of their shoes; and&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;each child was following instructions, fitting into the somewhat rigid expectations that had been laid out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;los escogió&quot; shows that the degree of free will was limited.  Writing &quot;escogió negros&quot; suggests a slightly greater degree of free will than Alexander had in this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at another example of this.  Comparing two people's preference in beer temperature:&#xA; a. Daniel la tomó fría. | &lt;em&gt;Daniel took his cold.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA; b. Raúl la tomó al tiempo. | Raúl took his room temperature.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's implicit in these sentences is that both people were having a beer, just as in Alexander's story, what's implicit is that a pair of shoes was being bought for each of three children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional note: This part of the story is &quot;Goldilocks and the Three Bears&quot; turned on its head.  In &lt;em&gt;Goldilocks&lt;/em&gt;, the protagonist, Goldilocks, tries out three variants of something.  The first variant is off from the ideal in one direction, the second is off from the ideal in the opposite direction, and the third fits her preferences just right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this story, there are also three versions of something, but here, the first child gets exactly the colors he wants, the second child does too, but the third, our protagonist, gets some random leftovers, that couldn't be farther from what he wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:59:51.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26569" CreationDate="2018-06-11T14:13:57.357" Score="7" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Palabra&quot; es una palabra. &quot;Esdrújula&quot; es una esdrújula. &quot;Polisílabo&quot; es polisílabo. Y en Chile una &quot;chuchada&quot; es una &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chuchada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;chuchada&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué nombre recibe este tipo de palabra? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé en &quot;autodefinido&quot;, pero en realidad no son palabras que se &quot;definen&quot; a sí mismas, además que en algunos países así le dicen a los crucigramas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T14:43:23.573" LastActivityDate="2020-09-16T10:28:23.650" Title="¿Cómo se llama una palabra que ilustra en sí el concepto abstracto que plasma?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26570" CreationDate="2018-06-11T14:36:11.060" Score="1" ViewCount="11447" Body="&lt;p&gt;Escuchando la fantástica canción &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkFJE8ZdeG8&amp;amp;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lationamérica&lt;/em&gt; de Calle 13&lt;/a&gt; que no me canso de poner me encuentro con esta estrofa (no sé si es estrofa, pues es algo rapeado):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy el mar caribe que vigila las casitas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Haciendo rituales de agua bendita&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El viento que peina mi cabello&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Soy todos los santos que cuelgan de mi cuello&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El &lt;strong&gt;jugo&lt;/strong&gt; de mi lucha no es artificial&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Porque el abono de mi tierra es natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me recuerda esto lo que siempre me pasaba en Colombia: yo hablaba de &lt;em&gt;zumo de lulo&lt;/em&gt; y me contestaban mencionando el &lt;em&gt;jugo&lt;/em&gt;. Yo en España nunca he oído la palabra &lt;em&gt;jugo&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que internalicé que las palabras serían sinónimas. Sin embargo, nunca es tarde para aclararse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando por internet encuentro &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=diferencia%20zumo%20jugo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bastantes discusiones al respecto&lt;/a&gt;. Por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://campodeelche.com/zumo-y-jugo-cual-es-la-diferencia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en El campo de Elche hablan de&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Zumo: es el líquido que obtenemos de exprimir hierbas, frutas, flores, y otras cosas semejantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Jugo: se considera jugo al zumo sacado por presión, destilación o cocción de vegetales o animales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición parecería clara, pero lo que sigue lo complica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dependiendo del país en el cual nos encontremos lo llamaremos de una forma o de otra, pero realmente nos estamos refiriendo al mismo tipo de producto, por ejemplo en países como Venezuela o Panamá, se utiliza la palabra jugo, ejemplo: me voy a tomar un &lt;em&gt;jugo de granada&lt;/em&gt;, sin embargo en países como España  lo denominamos zumo, ejemplo: me voy a tomar un &lt;em&gt;zumo de granada&lt;/em&gt;, como vemos en los dos casos estamos tomando lo mismo pero con distinto nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta sería: ¿son realmente lo mismo? ¿En qué lugares se usa una u otra palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:58:11.093" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;zumo&quot; y &quot;jugo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26567" CreationDate="2018-06-11T14:39:39.170" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no lo recoge, lo que me hace sospechar, pero en la no tan fiable wikipedia tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una palabra es &lt;strong&gt;autológica&lt;/strong&gt; si se describe a sí misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradoja_de_Grelling-Nelson&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paradoja de Grelling-Nelson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo indica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo &amp;quot;corto&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;esdrújula&amp;quot; son &lt;strong&gt;autológicas&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que la palabra &amp;quot;corto&amp;quot; es relativamente corta y la palabra &amp;quot;esdrújula&amp;quot; es esdrújula. Las palabras que no son autológicas se denominan heterológicas. &amp;quot;Largo&amp;quot; es una palabra &lt;strong&gt;heterológica&lt;/strong&gt;, al igual que &amp;quot;monosilábico&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente los enlaces a &amp;quot;autológico&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;heterológico&amp;quot; enlazan al mismo artículo de wikipedia (Paradoja de Grelling-Nelson).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE contempla &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4TFpej7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;autólogo, ga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero no &amp;quot;autológico&amp;quot; y otras búsquedas que sigo haciendo no han podido, de momento, confirmar la validez de &amp;quot;autológico&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;heterológico&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:39:39.170" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26568" CreationDate="2018-06-11T14:55:54.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Zumo es específico para frutas, mientras que Jugo es un término general para los líquidos extraídos de diferentes fuentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zumos :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zumo de Limón&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Zumo de Naranja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jugos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jugo de Limón&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Jugo de naranja&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Jugos gástricos&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Jugo de carne&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zumo de Naranja&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Jugo de naranja&lt;/strong&gt; son lo mismo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no puedes tener &lt;strong&gt;Zumo de carne&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;Zumos gástricos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:58:11.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2018-06-11T15:41:19.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, if it's someone you don't know well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, if it's someone you know well and have an informal, comfortable teasing relationship with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other meanings given on this page (including jerk, tough, cuckold, incredibly good at something, dude), another meaning is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;unfaithful, bedhopping&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: A young couple had a baby.  These young people were university students but were unbelievably ignorant about basic science, e.g. genetics.  A whole saga took place because the young man didn't feel the baby looked like him.  All their friends and acquaintances became embroiled in the debate about whether the young woman had been unfaithful (e.g. &quot;No creo que Chela sea &lt;em&gt;cabrona&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).  The young man pressured the young woman to have another baby right away.  I learned this usage from hearing the saga through the paper-thin walls between their apartment and mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T15:41:19.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2018-06-11T17:51:10.450" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important to note that &quot;vámonos&quot; is a regional expression, and not truly considered proper Spanish. If you consult the RAE dictionary or most other dictionaries you won't find it. The correct expression is &quot;nos vamos&quot; or &quot;nos vayamos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mexican Spanish is somewhat peculiar in that, in addition to creating new words or creating new meanings for existing words, as most cultures do, Mexicans seem to like inventing new grammatical forms that sound very Spanish even though they are not actually correct. For example, what is &quot;Ándale&quot;? It sounds very Spanish: &quot;anda&quot; + &quot;le&quot;. Except that it makes no sense. Similarly &quot;Órale&quot;: &quot;ora&quot; + &quot;le&quot;. That makes no sense either, though it sounds as though it would. Or my favorite: &quot;¿Qué onda?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19116" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T17:51:10.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26339" CreationDate="2018-06-11T22:12:28.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile (no sé si en otros países) a un kit de accesorios para fiestas le decimos &lt;strong&gt;cotillón&lt;/strong&gt;, el que incluye habitualmente cornetas de cartón, papel picado, serpentinas y pelucas de colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;cotillón&lt;/em&gt; parece tener una historia similar a la de &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt;, como se ve en la etimología del DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B94T37d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cotillón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt;, aum. de &lt;em&gt;cotte&lt;/em&gt; 'cota'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Fiesta y baile que se celebra en un día señalado como el de fin de año o Reyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Danza con figuras, y generalmente en compás de vals, que solía ejecutarse al fin de los bailes de sociedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Baile de sociedad en que al final se ejecutaba el cotillón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general en los diccionarios online de idioma francés el significado de &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt; coincide con el del español con respecto a lo de &quot;fiesta&quot; y &quot;danza&quot;, pero también se indica el significado más antiguo de &quot;falda&quot; y &quot;enagua&quot;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;cotte&lt;/em&gt;, el cual a su vez significó &quot;túnica&quot; o &quot;jubón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos suponer entonces que, en francés, de &lt;em&gt;cotte&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;túnica&quot;) se pasó a &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;faldas&quot;) y de ahí por extensión al otro &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;baile de las faldas&quot;, &quot;fiesta&quot;, &quot;objetos que se usan en las fiestas&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además, curiosamente, tanto en el diccionario de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr/cotillon/fr-fr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leParisien&lt;/a&gt; como en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/cotillon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionnaire&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra francesa &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mujer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, una metonimia similar a la que usamos al decir &lt;em&gt;enredos de faldas&lt;/em&gt; (por decir &quot;enredos de mujeres&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más específicamente, Wiktionnaire da un ejemplo de 1855 y dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(Par extension) (Péjoratif) Femme, dans un jeu de séduction. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Traducción: (Por extensión) (Peyorativo) Mujer, en un juego de seducción.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo imagino las fiestas francesas de otros tiempos, con todas esas mujeres al otro lado del salón, en campaña de seducción, y pienso que de ahí a lo de &quot;mujeres chismosas&quot; hay un paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto y en resumen, yo creo que &lt;em&gt;cotilla&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;chisme&quot; viene del francés &lt;em&gt;cotte&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;jubón&quot;) siguiendo una historia similar a la de su similar francesa &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt;, en la que de &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pequeño jubón&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; se pasó a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;falda&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, de ahí a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;danza de faldas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, luego &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mujer en juego de seducción&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y finalmente &quot;&lt;strong&gt;mujer chismosa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Nota aparte: curiosamente para la RAE &lt;em&gt;cotillon&lt;/em&gt; sería un aumentativo de &lt;em&gt;cotte&lt;/em&gt;, como se ve en la cita, cuando en realidad en francés el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-illon&lt;/em&gt; corresponde a un diminutivo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T22:37:22.963" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T22:37:22.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21851" CreationDate="2018-06-12T12:30:14.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, hablar como si fueras español se toma como un chiste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Coño Manolo, que la &lt;em&gt;volvishte&lt;/em&gt; a cagar! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión personal, el acento &quot;español&quot; (si es que tal cosa existe) me parece otro acento más, dado por los regionalismos. En cada país tienen sus acentos característicos y unos son mas entendibles que otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al español &quot;latinoamericano&quot; que se habla en Ciudad de México, Lima o Bogotá, tengo entendido que lo heredamos casi al 100% del que se hablaba anteriormente en España, y que fueron los propios españoles los que con el tiempo lo cambiaron, hasta donde sé, por la forma de hablar de un rey de España que no podía pronunciar bien la S.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo de que usan mucho el pasado perfecto creo que es por su cercanía con Francia e Italia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19639" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T13:34:11.477" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T13:34:11.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-12T12:34:24.947" Score="3" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pensando en cómo traducir la frase inglesa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's like that, how could it be different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llegué a la frase española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es así, ¿cómo puede ser distinto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no sé si es esta un situación en la que se debería usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se es así, ¿cómo puede ser distinto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que haya un traducción mejor que todas estas. Sin embargo, empecé a pensar en cuándo se tiene que (o se debe) usar &quot;serse&quot; en vez de &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agredecería cualquier recomendación en relación a la traducción que puse, así como consideraciones sobre el uso de &quot;serse&quot; vs &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-16T18:06:47.147" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T18:06:47.147" Title="&quot;Se es&quot; vs &quot;es&quot; (Traduciendo &quot;it's like that&quot;)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26577" CreationDate="2018-06-12T12:54:10.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi recomendación: No uses serse. El verbo ser no es reflexivo y no tiene complemento directo. No se me ocurre ninguna situación en la que &quot;se es&quot; sea correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera traducción que has puesto es correcta. La segunda es incorrecta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Tal como walen menciona en su comentario, mi explicación no es ni completamente correcta ni está justificada con ninguna fuente. Así que trataré de corregir este error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de la real academia española (links &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm%7CXe5NPsQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=4M7BtboGiD6n4FCqUu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt;) vemos que el verbo ser tiene varios valores. Puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copulativo: Esta es la forma utilizada en el ejemplo de la pregunta. Un uso reflexivo no viene definido por el DRAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intransitivo: En esta forma está permitido utilizar la construcción arcaica &quot;érase&quot; en narraciones y según &lt;a href=&quot;http://onomazein.letras.uc.cl/Articulos/9/5_Contreras.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; documento acerca del uso del &quot;se&quot; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidia_Contreras&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lidia Contreras&lt;/a&gt;, esto puede ser una forma reflexiva: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por último, la Ac. nos dice (§ 277 d) que “el verbo ser admite&#xA;  también la construcción reflexiva… significando con ella la participación&#xA;  del sujeto [óntico] en la realización de lo significado por el&#xA;  predicado; &#xA;  [...]&#xA;  . Ej.: Érase una vez un rey que tenía…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enfatico: Este uso no lo conozco, porque no lo he utilizado nunca. Pero no parece ser reflexivo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;auxiliar: Voz pasiva y la construcción &quot;ser de&quot;. Ambas no son reflexivas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="18409" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T16:18:46.243" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:18:46.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26579" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-12T13:19:38.400" Score="3" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduciría la frase inglesa siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One can't know what they are thinking about, only that they are&#xA;  thinking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensaba en &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) No se puede saber lo que piensan, solo que piensan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me parece que la segunda cláusula carece de ese sentido de énfasis que aporta la inglesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One can't know what they are thinking about, only &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; they are thinking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, ¿cuál sería la mejor traducción de esta &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; enfática, es decir, no la palabra en sí, sino el sentido? ¿O es la traducción (1) correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T13:25:31.547" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T17:15:37.873" Title="Traducción de la &quot;that&quot; enfática" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26579" CreationDate="2018-06-12T14:10:39.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción correcta me parece que es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se puede saber &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; piensan, solo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; piensan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer &lt;code&gt;qué&lt;/code&gt; alude a que desconocemos, lo que están pensando,  mientras que el segundo &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; a que los sabemos pensantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4183" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T15:51:53.873" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T15:51:53.873" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26582" CreationDate="2018-06-12T14:44:14.953" Score="2" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado de bastantes centroamericanos (p. ej., unos vecinos nicaragüenses) una variación del fonético /s/ que aparece en los fines de sílabas, como en «vos comés» y «asqueroso», si me acuerdo bien. (Esto es el mismo acento que sustituye /ŋ/ como en «chancla» en lugar del fonético /n/ en los fines de palabras.) Se puede escuchar en el verso por Bad Bunny, un rapper puertorriqueño/boricuo, en la nueva canción &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/xTlNMmZKwpA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;“I Like It”&lt;/a&gt; por Cardi B (1:53).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que /s/ se convierte más o menos en /h/, el sonido de la jota como se pronuncia afuera de España. Otras veces (como en la canción) casi es como si no se pronuncie en lo más mínimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien pudiera explicarme qué pasa en estos casos? ¿Cuál es (o cuáles son) el (los) fonético(s) específico(s) que se escucha(n) en estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se puede encontrar la gráfica IPA con sonidos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/ipa-sounds/ipa-chart-with-sounds/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;revisión: corregí&lt;/em&gt; /x/ &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; /h/&lt;em&gt;, disculpe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2018-06-13T03:40:44.863" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T03:40:44.863" Title="Fonético específico en una variación centroamericana del sonido /s/ en los fines de sílabas" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26581" CreationDate="2018-06-12T16:06:40.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que se escucha en los finales de sílabas terminadas en /s/ es una aspiración, fonéticamente [h] (como la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; del inglés), aunque en ocasiones directamente se trata de una elisión (es decir, /s/ es borrada totalmente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aspirar las &lt;em&gt;eses&lt;/em&gt; finales es uno de los rasgos más comunes del castellano; lo hacen muchos dialectos, más en América que en España, aunque el andaluz es notorio por este rasgo. La aspiración de la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; es muy variable. Puede ocurrir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando /s/ cierra una sílaba, en todos los casos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando /s/ termina una palabra pero sólo si la siguiente palabra empieza con consonante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando /s/ termina una palabra, aunque la siguiente empiece con vocal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente aspirar la /s/ se asocia al habla popular o al descuido al hablar, mientras que preservar el sonido &quot;estándar&quot; de la /s/ es más formal o del dialecto de prestigio. En ciertos dialectos, sin embargo, la aspiración de la /s/ en [h] es estándar, y pronunciarla como [s] puede sonar artificial o afectado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ciertas ocasiones la aspiración tiene efectos en la consonante que sigue: por ejemplo, la forma vulgar de pronunciar &lt;em&gt;resbalar&lt;/em&gt; en español rioplatense es [refalar], donde la aspiración [h] ensordece y fricativiza la /b/ que le sigue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T16:06:40.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11817" CreationDate="2018-06-12T18:15:19.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This image shows the common diminutive suffixes used in different regions of Spain (and Portugal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oYxdF.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oYxdF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diminutivo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;By Region:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ito, -ita&lt;/strong&gt;: most common suffix used by Spanish speakers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ico, -ica&lt;/strong&gt;: eastern Spain: Andalucía Oriental, La Mancha, Aragón, Navarra, La Rioja, Región de Murcia, Comunidad Valenciana occidental &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also used (as opposed to &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;) in Venezuela, Cuba, República Dominicana, Colombia, Costa Rica for words  whose final syllable starts with &lt;em&gt;-t&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-illo, -illa&lt;/strong&gt;: used mainly in Spain (especially Andalucía). Mostly interchangeable with &lt;em&gt;-ito&lt;/em&gt;. Can be &lt;code&gt;affectionate&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;pejorative.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ete, -eta&lt;/strong&gt;: of catalán/valenciano/aragonés origin. Also used in La Mancha and murciano. In a non-Catalan context is mostly &lt;code&gt;pejorative&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ín, -ina&lt;/strong&gt;: especially Asturias and Región Leonesa. More emphatic than &lt;em&gt;-ito, -ita&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Affectionate&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ino, -ina&lt;/strong&gt;: Extremadura&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-uco, -uca&lt;/strong&gt;: Cantabria. In rural areas also &lt;strong&gt;-ucu&lt;/strong&gt;. In the rest of Spain, when used, this is mostly a &lt;code&gt;pejorative&lt;/code&gt; suffix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Less common suffixes&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ajo, -aja&lt;/strong&gt;: Used in La Mancha and murciano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ejo, -eja&lt;/strong&gt;: La Mancha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ujo, -uja&lt;/strong&gt;: Murciano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-icho/-iche, -icha&lt;/strong&gt;: Murciano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-iquio, -iquia&lt;/strong&gt;: Murciano and Valencia. Variant of &lt;em&gt;-ico, -ica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ucho, -ucha&lt;/strong&gt;: Venezuela. Can be &lt;code&gt;pejorative&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are others, but these are even less common (see the links at the bottom).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Augmentative suffixes are almost always pejorative, e.g. &lt;strong&gt;-ón, -ona, -ote, -ota, -azo, -aza&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Diego says, however, the specific meaning is often context-specific, due to regionalisms, different productivity of different suffixes, some words having lexicalised the suffix etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aumentativo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aumentativo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diminutivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diminutivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Diminutives&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Spanish/Diminutives&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/5888100/_Morfofonolog%C3%ADa_de_la_formaci%C3%B3n_de_diminutivos_en_espa%C3%B1ol_reglas_morfol%C3%B3gicas_o_restricciones_fonol%C3%B3gicas_en_A._F%C3%A1bregas_et_alii_eds._Los_l%C3%ADmites_de_la_Morfolog%C3%ADa._Estudios_ofrecidos_a_Soledad_Varela_Ortega_Madrid_UAM_2012_p%C3%A1gs._55-78_en_colaboraci%C3%B3n_con_Th%C3%A9ophile_Ambadiang_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Morfofonología de la formación de diminutivos en español: ¿reglas morfológicas o restricciones fonológicas?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Théophile Ambadiang, Bruno Camus Bergareche&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-12T18:25:41.110" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T18:25:41.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26586" CreationDate="2018-06-12T18:59:31.577" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/2868/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el diminutivo de mano, foto, moto, etc.?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=mano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the quote from the DPD&lt;/a&gt; therein:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo habitual en la formación de los diminutivos de nombres que acaban en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; o en &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; es que el sufijo conserve la misma vocal final del sustantivo, independientemente de cuál sea el género gramatical de este: ... &lt;em&gt;el mapa &gt; el mapita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it seems the common method is to maintain the word's terminal vowel, independent of its gender (with the exception of &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this doesn't seem to be the case for the most common example that comes to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;papacito, papaíto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the RAE's description out of sync with common practise, or is &lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt; (or words referring to male persons in general) an exceptional case, like &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T23:01:19.313" Title="Diminutives of masculine words ending -a" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26548" CreationDate="2018-06-12T22:30:15.410" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el diccionario llegué a la palabra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TGTPGkJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;piular&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt; 1. intr. Dicho del pollo: piar (‖ emitir cierto sonido). &lt;br&gt; 2. intr. Suspirar o clamar por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cual sí tiene un sustantivo asociado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TGVaKh8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;piulido&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt; 1. m. Acción de piular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero aclaro que yo nunca he escuchado que esta palabra sea utilizada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15214" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T22:30:15.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26584" CreationDate="2018-06-12T23:01:19.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt; is not an exception but a special case. The RAE's description refers to nouns ending in &lt;strong&gt;unstressed&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;, although it doesn't specifically say so. These endings are by far the most common among nouns, being the ones associated with feminine and masculine gender respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nouns ending in anything but these two unstressed vowels tend to form their diminutives by adding &lt;em&gt;-c-&lt;/em&gt; before the usual suffix (&lt;em&gt;-cito, -cita&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-cico, -cica&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-cillo, -cilla&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), using the last vowel to show the gender of the base noun. Therefore &lt;em&gt;papá &gt; papacito&lt;/em&gt; corresponds to &lt;em&gt;cajón &gt; cajoncito&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;puré &gt; purecito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anything, &lt;em&gt;papá&lt;/em&gt; is exceptional because it admits not only &lt;em&gt;papacito&lt;/em&gt;, but also &lt;em&gt;papaíto&lt;/em&gt; and even &lt;em&gt;papito&lt;/em&gt; (the last one being truly anomalous).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-12T23:01:19.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26591" CreationDate="2018-06-13T01:46:07.673" Score="8" ViewCount="15469" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo una revista este fin de semana, veía que mencionaban el refrán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios los &lt;em&gt;crea&lt;/em&gt; y ellos se juntan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me hizo extraño pues en el día a día, al hablar, en películas, en algún cuento o chiste había leído:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios los &lt;em&gt;cría&lt;/em&gt; y ellos se juntan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al buscar en el DLE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BFyuWxK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;criar&lt;/a&gt; tiene como acepción 11:  &lt;em&gt;tr. Rel. Dicho de Dios: Dar ser a algo que antes no existía&lt;/em&gt;. Y según Google Ngram, hasta la primera mitad del siglo XIX solo se había escrito unas cuantas veces con &lt;em&gt;crea&lt;/em&gt;, pero de ahí en adelante es mayor el uso del vocablo &lt;em&gt;cría&lt;/em&gt; en el refrán (salvo un periodo entre 1870 y 1877)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá sea por mostrarse más correctos que se haya usado la primera pero en realidad, ¿cuál es la versión original? y ¿cuál es el origen de este refrán?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-13T08:33:52.507" LastActivityDate="2019-11-10T17:21:17.550" Title="¿Se dice &quot;Dios los cría y ellos se juntan&quot; o &quot;crea&quot;? ¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26589" CreationDate="2018-06-13T02:41:38.803" Score="3" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given a sentence containing a direct object like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if I want to clarify the pronoun as &quot;usted&quot;, where do I put the explicit pronoun? Does it go before or after the direct object? Or can it go in either place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, which would I write?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le enviaré a usted las fotografías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías a usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or are both of those sentences grammatically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18726" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-13T08:35:15.070" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T04:31:20.983" Title="What is the correct placement of an object pronoun's explicit pronoun?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26588" CreationDate="2018-06-13T09:38:45.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can put it in either of the positions, as well as others.  All of the following are considered correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A usted&lt;/strong&gt; le enviaré las fotografías.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; las fotografías.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we add new elements, new possibilities open up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A usted&lt;/strong&gt; le enviaré las fotografías mañana por correo electrónico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; las fotografías mañana por correo electrónico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; mañana por correo electrónico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías mañana  &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; por correo electrónico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le enviaré las fotografías mañana por correo electrónico &lt;strong&gt;a usted&lt;/strong&gt; .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The differences in meaning can be barely perceptible (if they even exist, which is doubtful/would be unusual in many cases), but when placed first it often has a meaning of &quot;to you (and not to someone else)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T04:31:20.983" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T04:31:20.983" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25633" CreationDate="2018-06-13T10:24:35.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Raspado&quot; también puede ser una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.enfemenino.com/embarazo/raspado-de-la-matriz-s454979.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prueba ginecológica&lt;/a&gt;. Es una palabra que si la dices suelta como en &quot;tengo un raspado&quot;, suena un poco rara sobre todo entre mujeres, mejor no la uses si no estás seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es el significado que tiene en el texto que has puesto pero el título pregunta por otros significados en general. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19644" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T10:24:35.847" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26587" CreationDate="2018-06-13T11:01:29.213" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los siglos XVII y XVIII la palabra &lt;em&gt;criar&lt;/em&gt; tenía como primera acepción la de &quot;producir de la nada&quot;. Covarrubias (1611) da directamente su definición en latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creare est aliquid de nihilo producere in effectu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el Diccionario de Autoridades (1729) da esta como primera definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Producir algo de la nada, dar ser à lo que antes no lo tenía, lo que solo es próprio de la Omnipotencia Divina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego ya vienen otras acepciones, como la de &quot;producir&quot; en general o la de &quot;educar&quot;. Curiosamente, este diccionario recoge el refrán, y expresa su significado de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios los &lt;em&gt;cría&lt;/em&gt;, y ellos se juntan. Refr. con que se dá à entender lo poderosa que es la confrontacion de genios y naturáles, que aunque hayan los hombres nacido y criadose en partes distantes, con facilidád se unen los que son de un mismo genio y condición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y da la siguiente traducción al latín:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deus creat, quos sociat interim vita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE me aparece la expresión en su forma &lt;em&gt;Dios los cría&lt;/em&gt; como muy pronto en 1841, y no veo ningún caso de &lt;em&gt;Dios los crea&lt;/em&gt;. En todo caso, como ves el Diccionario de Autoridades lo recoge como &lt;em&gt;cría&lt;/em&gt;, aunque teniendo en cuenta el significado que tenía la palabra por entonces, daba igual que fuera &lt;em&gt;cría&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;crea&lt;/em&gt;. De hecho este diccionario recoge &lt;em&gt;crear&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;lo mismo que Criar&quot;. Y de ahí hacia atrás la palabra &lt;em&gt;crear&lt;/em&gt; no viene recogida por ningún otro diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T11:01:29.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26304" CreationDate="2018-06-13T20:40:01.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ulular es cuando el búho emite sonido e incluso se le llama al sonido de los lobos. Por si sirve de algo la relación ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19647" LastActivityDate="2018-06-13T20:40:01.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26600" CreationDate="2018-06-14T07:13:33.973" Score="9" ViewCount="1387" Body="&lt;p&gt;My mattress has an embossed pattern which gets imprinted into my skin now and then, making for some funny reactions the next morning when I see myself in the mirror.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Today was one of those mornings, and I thought:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Maybe buying a patterned mattress was not that good of an idea after all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I couldn't quite verbalize it, because I didn't know what word to use to mean &quot;patterned&quot; in Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While writing this question I thought of &lt;em&gt;&quot;patroneado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but the DLE says &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SBrMlb1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patronear&lt;/a&gt; means to act as the skipper/captain of a ship, nothing to do with a pattern, so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT to address some comments: yes, in this specific case it was a &quot;patrón con relieve&quot;, but the word I couldn't come up with was just &quot;patterned&quot; (be it embossed or not), so answers meaning just &quot;que tiene un patrón&quot; are OK too. Of course it would be great if there's a word for &quot;con un patrón que además tiene un pequeño relieve&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T05:54:41.553" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T04:20:41.680" Title="Spanish for &quot;patterned&quot; (i.e. something that has a pattern)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26594" CreationDate="2018-06-14T08:22:36.913" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the closest I can think of is &lt;em&gt;estampado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gl3Dzu7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;estampado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del part. de estampar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un tejido: Que tiene estampados a fuego o en frío, con colores o sin ellos, diferentes labores o dibujos. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, after looking for this word I realized that this is the translation Google Translator offers for &lt;em&gt;patterned&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T08:22:36.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-14T09:02:11.787" Score="2" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando dicen que los niños te ponen a prueba no pensé que fuese a ser también en el ámbito de explicarles el lenguaje. Os cuento lo que me ha pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la película de &lt;em&gt;Cars 3&lt;/em&gt; mi hijo de cuatro años oyó un diálogo entre dos coches, que acabó con un:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me llamo Danny, tío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí cogió la idea de que se puede usar &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; para dirigirse a los demás, y claro, a veces nos llamaba &lt;em&gt;tío/a&lt;/em&gt; a su madre y a mí. Así que le dijimos que &quot;tío&quot; no se decía, que a la gente había que llamarla por su nombre, y a nosotros concretamente &quot;papá&quot; y &quot;mamá&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaríamos hablando de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoWtFfy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente acepción del DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona cuyo nombre y condición se ignoran o no se quieren decir. &lt;em&gt;Nos recibió un tío con poca amabilidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, pronto la cosa se volvió contra mí, porque yo uso la palabra a veces con otro significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona de quien se pondera algo bueno o malo. &lt;em&gt;Aquel tío ganó una millonada. ¡Qué tío más pelma! ¡Qué tía más lista!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: con solo año y medio su hermano pequeño ya lleva colgada a la espalda la mochila del cole, llega andando hasta su clase, se la quita y la coloca con cuidado en su sitio. Así que cuando vi que hacía eso exclamé:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Qué tío!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y automáticamente el mayor me miró y me dijo &quot;eso no se dice&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que claro, ahora me encuentro en la tesitura de tener que explicarle a un niño de cuatro años cuándo se puede decir &quot;tío&quot; y cuándo no. Obviamente esto lo acabará aprendiendo a base de ejemplos, pero en todo caso, ¿cómo explicar de forma sencilla cuándo estamos usando &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; con la acepción 6 y cuándo con la 7? ¿No se solapan un poco las definiciones? ¿No implica la acepción 6 que no conocemos (o no queremos decir) el nombre de la persona mencionada, como dice la acepción 7? El primer ejemplo de la acepción 6, por poner un caso de confusión, podría ir perfectamente en la acepción 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T11:04:11.573" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T13:24:04.333" Title="¿Se solapan las acepciones 6 y 7 de &quot;tío&quot; en el DLE?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26606" CreationDate="2018-06-14T09:11:00.557" Score="2" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra del día de hoy en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SumZwY2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pichichi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;De Pichichi, apodo de R. Moreno Aranzadi, 1892-1922, futbolista del Athletic Club, famoso por haber sido el primero en marcar un gol en el estadio bilbaíno de San Mamés.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. En el fútbol, jugador que marca más goles durante la liga española y, por ext., goleador.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. En el fútbol, distinción honorífica que se concede al &lt;strong&gt;pichichi&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que la definición pone &quot;en la liga española&quot;. Así que pregunto: ¿se usa el término &lt;em&gt;pichichi&lt;/em&gt; en otras ligas de fútbol en Hispanoamérica? Si no es así, ¿se usa allí algún otro término para el jugador que marca más goles durante la liga?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T08:09:50.877" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T08:09:50.877" Title="Uso de &quot;pichichi&quot; en Hispanoamérica" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26594" CreationDate="2018-06-14T12:36:55.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that it seems that you are talking about &quot;pressure marks&quot; and not about &quot;ink/pigment painting my skin&quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;En relieve&quot;/&quot;Con relieve&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (I would chose the later)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Vq9Sy6G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Relieve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Labor o figura que resalta sobre el plano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, given that it is a mattress and people are expected to be on top of it in a relaxed position, I would risk saying that probably the height of the pattern is rather small, so maybe you can also use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Con bajorelieve&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4pVjHHv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bajorelieve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esc. Relieve en que las figuras resaltan poco del plano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which although gives a more exact idea about your mattress, has the issue of being a term mostly used to esculpture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word in the same field could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Repujado&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W63oClD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Repujar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Labrar a martillo chapas metálicas, de modo que en una de sus caras resulten figuras de relieve, o hacerlas resaltar en cuero u otra materia adecuada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which in popular use has &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repujado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a broader meaning&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El repujado es una técnica artesanal que consiste en trabajar planchas de metal, cuero u otros materiales maleables, para obtener una figura ornamental en relieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and coincidentally enough, the Wikipedia page includes &lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moon-type-map.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this image&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;Cartelina repujada&quot; which is also used in the English Wikipedia as an example of &quot;Paper &lt;strong&gt;embossing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I would say that, it being applied to works on leather, maybe &quot;repujado&quot; could apply also to your face after you have sleep on that mattress, although with an ironic/humoristic connotation :-D.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Not completely sure here, but I think &quot;embossed&quot; points the former. Please correct me if wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="299" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T13:01:51.450" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T13:01:51.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26594" CreationDate="2018-06-14T19:38:20.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think in spanish there's a complete translation for &quot;patterned&quot;, when it comes to spanish we are more specific about the types of patterns and not just patterns.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the word pattern is closer to be just a concept than a form or an idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we want to refer that somethings has a pattern on it, you would say it just like that along with the type of pattern&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Con un patrón de relieves&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Con un patrón de colores&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would say the patterned mattress in spanish you would say something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El colchón con patrones&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't really makes much sense even with a context &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;El colchón texturizado/Con Relieve/estampado&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would make more sense, but these three translations have a completely different meanings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so I cannot generalize an answer, you would need to be more specific when you translate that to spanish &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T19:44:19.280" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T19:44:19.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26603" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-14T20:43:04.347" Score="5" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to translate &quot;universities are increasingly looking for students who study a language&quot; but was confused about whether &quot;universities are increasingly looking for&quot; would translate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;los universidades están cada vez más buscando&quot;, or &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;los universidades están buscando cada vez más&quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or any other translation you may think is more appropriate.&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19656" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T21:47:37.090" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T03:56:08.263" Title="How to translate &quot;Universities are increasingly looking for&quot; into Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26594" CreationDate="2018-06-14T21:46:10.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some cases, when &lt;em&gt;patterned&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;made up of elements in a regular arrangement&quot;, you can say &lt;strong&gt;embaldosado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;adoquinado&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;teselado&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;enlosado&lt;/strong&gt;, that is, &lt;em&gt;tiling&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not a literal translation, but includes the idea that there is a figure that repeats and distributes regularly until a surface is filled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un colchón &lt;strong&gt;con diseño embaldosado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T21:58:17.157" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T21:58:17.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26603" CreationDate="2018-06-15T00:20:39.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Las universidades buscan cada vez más a alumnos que estudien un idioma&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cada vez más, las universidades buscan alumnos que estudien un idioma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Las universidades cada vez más buscan alumnos que estudien un idioma&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puntos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Present in the sense of permanency, (&quot;presente durativo&quot;), since it is understood as a process that will last for a long time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the first option, the &quot;a&quot; serves to distinguish between &quot;they search more students&quot; (quantity of students) from &quot;they search more intensely students&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anyway I would not see much of an issue with using the &quot;están buscando&quot; form. But &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=est%C3%A1n+buscando+cada+vez+m%C3%A1s%2Cbuscan+cada+vez+m%C3%A1s&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cbuscan%20cada%20vez%20m%C3%A1s%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google says it is rather unusual&lt;/a&gt;(and Google is always right).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The three translation that I provided are by the order of my preference, but I would not fight much if someone prefered the second or even the third option.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T18:06:05.783" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T18:06:05.783" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26597" CreationDate="2018-06-15T01:23:53.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término se usa en el sentido que da el DLE sin incluir la extensión y solo en algunos medios deportivos. Guardando las proporciones, es similar al uso del término &lt;em&gt;capocannoniere&lt;/em&gt; (exclusivo para Italia). No se habla del pichichi de la Copa Libertadores o de la Copa del mundo (me parece haber leído en ciertas webs españolas hablar del pichichi de Europa). Se habla simplemente de goleador en las ligas locales o de un torneo de fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T01:23:53.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26603" CreationDate="2018-06-15T02:56:18.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the different meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C8drIhp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;demandar&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pedir, rogar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, &amp;quot;demandar / &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C8W49JX%7CC8drIhp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer demanda&lt;/a&gt; (of something)&amp;quot; is to make&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Súplica, petición, solicitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And ultimately to search for (5th meaning of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C8W49JX%7CC8drIhp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;demanda&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las universidades (o el mercado laboral) cada vez demanda más XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las universidades (o el mercado laboral) aumentan su demanda de XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las universidades (o el mercado laboral) están aumentando su demanda de XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha disparado la demanda de XYZ en las universidades &lt;sub&gt;The demand of XYZ skyrocketed in universities&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T02:56:18.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26610" CreationDate="2018-06-15T07:29:38.923" Score="6" ViewCount="861" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dictionary entry for &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuidar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; shows uses of it both with and without &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bbp9xqI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuidar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Poner diligencia, atención y solicitud en la ejecución de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Asistir, guardar, conservar. &lt;em&gt;Cuidar a un enfermo, la casa, la ropa.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. intr. &lt;em&gt;Cuidar DE la hacienda, DE los niños.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference being that &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuidar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; allows for a direct object, while &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cuidar de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does this apply when using it with subordinate expressions? Like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuida que no se te moje el pantalón.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cuida de que no se te moje el pantalón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are those two sentences equally correct? Do they mean exactly the same or are there any slight differences in connotation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-17T15:26:58.127" Title="«Cuidar que ...» vs «Cuidar de que ...»" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;&lt;queísmo-dequeísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26603" CreationDate="2018-06-15T08:09:59.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el estilo más formal de transmitir la idea &quot;Universities are increasingly looking for...&quot; Podría ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada vez con mayor frecuencia; las Universidades prefieren Xxxxxx en los candidatos / aspirantes a ......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa igualmente entendible puede ser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Más a menudo, las universidades buscan Xxxxx...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indiscutiblemente las mejores traducciones que se me ocurren para &lt;em&gt;Increasingly&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;strong&gt;[cada vez] con mayor frecuencia&lt;/strong&gt; (en tono formal) el agregar &lt;em&gt;cada vez&lt;/em&gt; enfatiza el incremento en el corto plazo, pero solo mencionando &quot;con mayor frecuencia&quot; tienes una traducción completa de &quot;Increasingly_&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien &lt;strong&gt;Más a menudo/ Más seguido&lt;/strong&gt;, el primero es de uso más común en España y algunos paises sudamericanos mientras que Más seguido es de uso normal el Mexico y Centro América&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T03:56:08.263" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T03:56:08.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26608" CreationDate="2018-06-15T08:31:12.213" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to this article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Que%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;queísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Que%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dequeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, the standard form for introducing a subordinate clause is &lt;em&gt;cuidar &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; que&lt;/em&gt;, and excluding it is an example of queísmo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuidar [algo o a alguien] y cuidar DE algo o alguien.&lt;/strong&gt; El verbo cuidar presenta dos regímenes: complemento de régimen de grupos nominales introducido por la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; y con complemento directo, es decir, sin dicha preposición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Cuida del niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b) Cuida al niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No obstante, delante de la conjunción subordinante &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; solo es posible el complemento de régimen, por lo que la ausencia de dicha preposición sería queísmo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) *Cuida que no entre nadie en el jardín. / Cuida de que no entre&#xA;  nadie en el jardín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asociaciondecorrectores.org.pe/2do_encuentro/queismo_y_dequeismo-p_jimenez.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;QUEÍSMO Y DEQUEÍSMO&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Pamela Jiménez Lizama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both sentences have the same meaning, but one is indicative of a certain prescriptively incorrect style of speech (/hypercorrection), analogous to instances of leísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-12-17T15:26:58.127" LastActivityDate="2019-12-17T15:26:58.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26608" CreationDate="2018-06-15T08:55:25.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo del DPD sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=WXiA8Czg0D6Hq4M3o7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuidar(se)&lt;/a&gt; dice que efectivamente en el sentido de &lt;em&gt;cuidar a alguien o algo&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como transitivo, se usa &lt;em&gt;cuidar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;como intransitivo, se usa &lt;em&gt;cuidar de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, y en lo que parece que sería la respuesta a tu pregunta, habla de su uso en infinitivo o subordinada, indicando que lo correcto es utilizar &lt;em&gt;cuidar de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. Cuando el complemento es un infinitivo o una oración subordinada introducida por &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, significa ‘procurar que se lleve a cabo la acción expresada por el verbo subordinado’. En ambos casos el complemento debe ir precedido de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«Hacían sus adquisiciones y cambalaches con calma, cuidando de sacar el máximo rendimiento a la propina de papá Telmo»&lt;/em&gt; (Delibes Madera [Esp. 1987]); &lt;em&gt;«Cuando salía, [...] cuidando de que no lo viera ni su cochero, le daba la plata para los gastos»&lt;/em&gt; (GaMárquez Amor [Col. 1985]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto solo una de tus frases sería correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;Cuida que no se te moje el pantalón.&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuida de que&lt;/strong&gt; no se te moje el pantalón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí en España no me suena nada mal la otra frase, pero supongo que porque coloquialmente hemos ido acortando el &lt;em&gt;cuidado, que no se te vaya a mojar el pantalón&lt;/em&gt; a un &lt;em&gt;cuida&lt;/em&gt; sin coma posterior. Pero eso es una hipótesis mía que debería contrastar un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T08:55:25.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26612" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-15T09:01:59.687" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T09:01:59.687" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T09:01:59.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26613" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-15T09:01:59.687" Score="0" Body="For questions concerning the use of &quot;que&quot; vs &quot;de que&quot; in Spanish. // Para preguntas sobre el uso de &quot;que&quot; o &quot;de que&quot; en español." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T09:05:09.880" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T09:05:09.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26614" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-15T13:37:50.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For questions about the gerund - the conjugation of a verb as a noun form, not inflected for tense, mode nor person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas sobre el gerundio - una forma verbal definida como una conjugación del verbo que demuestra una acción; pero no está definida ni por el tiempo, ni el modo, ni el número ni la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T13:48:35.987" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T13:48:35.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26615" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-15T13:37:50.367" Score="0" Body="For questions about the gerund - the conjugation of a verb as a noun form, not inflected for tense, mode nor person. // Para preguntas sobre el gerundio - una forma verbal definida como una conjugación del verbo que demuestra una acción; pero no está definida ni por el tiempo, ni el modo, ni el número ni la persona." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T13:48:26.717" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T13:48:26.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26617" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-15T18:29:10.057" Score="4" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de las entradas de &lt;em&gt;adherir&lt;/em&gt; es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=adherir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adherir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. adhaerēre 'pegarse, estar adherido'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. Sumarse o manifestar apoyo a una doctrina, declaración, opinión, etc. &lt;em&gt;U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este sentido es el usado en este titular: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rcnradio.com/politica/las-razones-de-mockus-y-lopez-para-adherir-petro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las razones de Mockus y López para adherir a Petro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; donde se habla de dos personas que se suman a un candidato presidencial.&#xA;Mi duda es si el uso del verbo es correcto en el titular. Para mí, sonaría mejor: &lt;em&gt;Las razones de Mockus y López para adherir&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; a Petro&lt;/em&gt; (O algo como: Ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; adhieren...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://caracol.com.co/radio/2018/06/14/politica/1529011637_678208.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grupo de oficiales retirados de la policía adhiere a campaña de Petro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elespectador.com/elecciones-2018/noticias/politica/mas-de-100-lideres-ambientalistas-adhieren-la-campana-de-gustavo-petro-articulo-794319&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Más de 100 líderes ambientalistas adhieren a la campaña de Gustavo Petro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también veo casos en los que se usa como un verbo reflexivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcolombiano.com/elecciones-2018-colombia/clara-rojas-se-adhiere-a-la-campana-presidencial-de-ivan-duque-LL8841418&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clara Rojas &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; adhiere a la campaña presidencial de Iván Duque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.primeraedicion.com.ar/nota/275253/uta-misiones-no-se-adhiere-al-paro-de-manana-.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UTA Misiones no &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; adhiere al paro de mañana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tengo en la entrada del DLE toda la información necesaria para determinar cuál forma es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T20:04:50.350" Title="¿Adherir o adherirse?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26617" CreationDate="2018-06-15T19:34:37.233" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0jhhl1Z&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;adherir&lt;/a&gt; del DLE tienes un indicio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/em&gt; (Usado más como pronominal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto quiere decir que si bien el uso pronominal es más frecuente, ambos usos son correctos. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=adherir&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt; dan más detalles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando significa ‘sumarse a un dictamen, una propuesta, una opinión, un partido, etc.’, es intransitivo y se construye con un complemento precedido de &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;; puede usarse en forma pronominal —construcción más habitual en España y en gran parte de América— o en forma no pronominal —construcción frecuente en Colombia y en los países del Cono Sur—: &lt;em&gt;«Un grupo de pintores de muy diversas procedencias se adhieren al nuevo movimiento»&lt;/em&gt; (Colorado Pintura [Esp. 1991]); &lt;em&gt;«No adhiero a tus teorías»&lt;/em&gt; (Donoso Casa [Chile 1978]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-15T20:04:50.350" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T20:04:50.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2018-06-16T00:36:10.800" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frace aparece en el libro el arte de la guerra que según el autor SUN ZUT fue escrito 2500 años. Mi duda es que cultura, región, o filósofo fue el que la empleo por primera vez como enseñanza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19666" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T00:36:10.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26579" CreationDate="2018-06-16T17:15:37.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mi aviso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... solo que piensan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no queda equivalente a tu frase original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varias maneras de resolver el problema, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;solo que en algo piensan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;solo que sí piensan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;solo se puede afirmar la acción de pensar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B. La primera parte sería &amp;quot;en qué piensan&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;de qué piensan&amp;quot;, porque &amp;quot;saber qué piensan&amp;quot; quiere decir &amp;quot;saber cuál es su opinión.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T17:15:37.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26577" CreationDate="2018-06-16T18:04:46.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como explicó @walen en sus comentarios, &quot;se es&quot; puede ser válido; es una construcción &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;impersonal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oraciones Impersonales:&lt;/em&gt; Se llaman así por carecer de sujeto gramatical. Esta construcción puede darse con verbos intransitivos (&lt;em&gt;Se trabaja mejor en equipo&lt;/em&gt;), con verbos copulativos (&lt;em&gt;Se está mejor solo que mal acompañado&lt;/em&gt;) o con verbos transitivos, cuando llevan un complemento directo de persona precedido de la preposición a (&lt;em&gt;Se busca a los culpables del crimen&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en tu frase, el &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; está de más.  Consideremos un posible contexto de tu frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los exámenes son diferentes cada año.  Por lo tanto, no debes limitarte a mirar los exámenes anteriores, si quieres estar seguro de sacar un cien. Es así [el sistema educativo], ¿cómo puede ser diferente / de otro modo?  Por lo tanto, te aconsejo trabajar también con un buen libro de texto que dé un trato comprehensivo y completo de la materia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora veamos un ejemplo del buen uso de &quot;se es&quot;.  Como ejemplo te ofrezco el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vix.com/es/btg/curiosidades/7128/hasta-que-edad-se-es-adolescente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;título de un artículo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué edad se es adolescente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es equivalente a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué edad es uno adolescente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que si hubiéramos puesto &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hasta qué edad es adolescente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entonces la pregunta sería sobre una persona en particular, por ejemplo: ¿Hasta qué edad Lucas saldrá de la adolescencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-16T18:04:46.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-16T20:22:35.087" Score="-1" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Russian language &lt;em&gt;&quot;Las clases empiezan&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is said &lt;em&gt;&quot;Классы начинаются&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, where the ending &lt;em&gt;&quot;тся&quot;&lt;/em&gt; shows reflexiveness. This is because we consider that classes (&lt;em&gt;&quot;las clases&quot;&lt;/em&gt;) start themselves.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I see that in Spanish it is not like that. Why is it so? Why is it not said &lt;em&gt;&quot;Las clases se empiezan&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17669" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T13:05:16.060" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T12:42:10.440" Title="Why is reflexive &quot;se&quot; not used in the sentence &quot;Las clases empiezan&quot;?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26623" CreationDate="2018-06-17T03:48:27.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I traveled through South America for 9 months and I can say that some people use &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; for almost any verb. They are natives and they use incorrect grammar, but that does not mean they are speaking correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also every language is a reflection of a culture. There are rules that come to be through a long process and they do not depend on any opinion. So do not worry about the grammar so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just try to communicate with people and you will learn why, either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19668" LastActivityDate="2018-06-17T03:48:27.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26627" CreationDate="2018-06-17T17:38:45.880" Score="5" ViewCount="2446" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1327/is-the-country-m%C3%A9xico-or-m%C3%A9jico&quot;&gt;Is the country México or Méjico?&lt;/a&gt; addresses the spelling of the noun México. However, it does not address the pronunciation. I have heard México pronounced both as if it was written with a &quot;x&quot; (as English speakers pronounce it) and as if it were written with a &quot;j&quot;. To make things more complicated, some old Spanish words written with an &quot;x&quot; were in fact pronounced as if they were written with a &quot;j&quot; (which is what was addressed by the Royal Academy of the Spanish Language that changed the spelling of words in 1754, as far as I understand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In which countries people more predominantly pronounce México with&#xA;the &quot;x&quot; sound and which ones pronounce it with a &quot;j&quot; sound,&#xA;regardless of the spelling?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How was the noun México pronounced historically? Was it originally&#xA;pronounced with the &quot;j&quot; sound and then evolving, in some countries,&#xA;to be pronounced with an &quot;x&quot; sound because of its spelling?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-05T13:45:57.100" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T10:42:11.487" Title="México vs Méjico in pronunciation throughout history and countries" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26634" CreationDate="2018-06-17T21:17:56.567" Score="4" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace unas horas he escuchado en la radio a un locutor español mencionar que un grupo de música estaba «girando el mundo».&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Entiendo que se refería a que estaban «de gira por el mundo». Sé que el verbo «girar» se utiliza en el mundillo del espectáculo como sinónimo de «ir de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JCyHP4L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gira&lt;/a&gt;» l, aunque sea un uso no recogido por la RAE (aún).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿es correcto este uso &lt;em&gt;transitivo&lt;/em&gt; del verbo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hasta ahora pensaba que este uso era solo intransitivo, es decir, que uno puede «girar por Europa» o «estar girando por toda Sudamérica», pero no «girando el mundo». ¿Quizá es una mala traducción del inglés &lt;em&gt;«touring the world»&lt;/em&gt;, que sí que es transitivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T13:32:08.017" Title="¿Es correcto decir que un grupo musical está «girando el mundo»?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26625" CreationDate="2018-06-17T22:23:33.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Mexico#Phonetic_evolution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etymology&lt;/a&gt; (forms with asterisks are hypothetical words to show the pronunciation of &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; at that time):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Language&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Pronunciation&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Hypothetical pronunciation with &amp;quot;j&amp;quot;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Nahuatl&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mēxihco&lt;/em&gt; [meːˈʃiʔko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmeʃiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;*&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; [ˈmeʒiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;15C Spanish&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmeʃiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;*&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; [ˈmeʃiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;16C Spanish&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmexiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt; [ˈmexiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In modern Spanish the pronunciation of the 'x' will be slightly different in certain dialects of Spanish, but this is not specific to the word México, it is just a dialectal/contextual realisation of the phoneme &lt;code&gt;/x/&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Pronunciation&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Regions&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;[ˈmexiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Most Spanish dialects&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;[ˈmeçiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Chile, Peruvian coast&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;[ˈmehiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;southern Mexico, the Caribbean, much of Central America, parts of South America, the Canary Islands, western Andalusia&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;[ˈmefiko]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazonic_Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amazonic Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In no dialect of modern Spanish are &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Méjico&lt;/em&gt; pronounced differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In no dialect of Spanish is the 'x' in &lt;em&gt;México&lt;/em&gt; pronounced like &lt;code&gt;[ks]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-28T10:42:11.487" LastActivityDate="2020-12-28T10:42:11.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26623" CreationDate="2018-06-18T02:39:38.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;'&lt;em&gt;Las clases&lt;/em&gt;' doesn't start themselves. A group of people begins them -students and teacher-, usually at a given schedule. Adding reflexive 'se' implies that they start wether someone is present or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19670" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T02:39:38.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2075" CreationDate="2018-06-18T02:50:19.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2076/1674&quot;&gt;Juan Pablo Califano's answer&lt;/a&gt;, 'remover' doesn't mean 'eliminar' by any means. &lt;strong&gt;It means separation, to move something&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=remover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primarily speaking&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation 'Remover archivo', would mean to move away the file from the system, but not necesarily delete it. The majority of people has accepted that as a correct translation due to the incorrect one being used since the beginnings of personal computers being more available at homes and workplaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct translation, as already said, is 'borrar/suprimir/eliminar/destruir 'el archivo`.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the the verb meaning given by the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=remover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;remover&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. removēre.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conjug. c. mover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Pasar o mudar algo de un lugar a otro. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Mover algo, agitándolo o dándole vueltas, generalmente para que sus distintos elementos se mezclen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Quitar, apartar u obviar un inconveniente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Conmover, alterar o revolver alguna cosa o asunto que estaba olvidado, detenido, etc. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Deponer o apartar a alguien de su empleo o destino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Investigar un asunto para sacar a la luz cosas que estaban ocultas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19670" LastEditorUserId="19670" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T07:19:43.810" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T07:19:43.810" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26635" CreationDate="2018-06-18T08:56:18.827" Score="6" ViewCount="10763" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer descubrí la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tener la fe del carbonero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto, entendí que podía querer decir algo así como: confiar en algo ciegamente, y/o a pesar de las razones en contra. Hoy, con una búsqueda en Google que me devuelve, entre otras, &lt;a href=&quot;https://enroquedeciencia.blogspot.com/2014/04/por-que-se-dice-tener-la-fe-del.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://reflexionesdemanuel.blogspot.com/2010/04/nuestra-lengua-la-fe-del-carbonero.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; páginas explicando su significado, veo que más bien significa: creer lo mismo que creen los demás, sin entrar a analizarlo. Un significado parecido al que supuse, y que también cuadra con el contexto, pero con el matiz de &quot;lo mismo que los demás&quot;; es decir, que no aplicaría a una persona que esté ella sola convencida de algo, por ejemplo. (También confirmo que lo primero que pensé al leer &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seo.org/ave/carbonero-comun-2/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;carbonero&lt;/a&gt;&quot; no tiene, en principio, nada que ver con la frase :P)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclarado el significado, e insatisfecho respecto de las anécdotas indicadas en algunas de las páginas para explicar este dicho, pregunto: ¿cuál es el origen de esta frase? ¿Se entiende igual en todas las zonas de habla hispana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-09-27T19:28:08.007" Title="Origen y uso de la expresión &quot;fe del carbonero&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26631" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-18T12:48:41.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Véase también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/extranjerismos&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;extranjerismos&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;extranjerismos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/transliteraci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;transliteraci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;transliteraci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T13:00:03.080" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T13:00:03.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26632" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-18T12:48:41.500" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre cómo usar palabras extranjeras en el castellano // Questions about how to use in Spanish words from foreign languages" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T12:48:41.500" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T12:48:41.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26626" CreationDate="2018-06-18T13:34:44.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin conocer el contexto de la frase completa diría que es un poco forzado: si dices que alguien está &quot;&lt;em&gt;girando el mundo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; vendría a significar que literalmente está haciendo girar el planeta, como si fuera un balón, por poner un ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De forma habitual se suelen escuchar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estar de gira: &quot;&lt;em&gt;los Rolling están de gira por Europa&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (como bien dices tú)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;o hacer una gira: &quot;&lt;em&gt;la banda de Springsteen está haciendo una gira por los Estados Unidos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, y en este caso sí sería transitivo, pero usando el verbo hacer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero que te sirva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14801" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T13:34:44.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26630" CreationDate="2018-06-18T16:02:22.150" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=25PDT_i0rEQC&amp;amp;pg=PA311&amp;amp;lpg=PA311&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;fe+del+carbonero&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de anécdotas, dichos, ilustraciones, locuciones y refranes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.311) menciona dos orígenes propuestos, siendo la más probable la misma anécdota que la de San Patricio de Irlanda y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamrock&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;shamrock&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;1. La fe del carbonero.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta expresión tan repetida por Unamuno en la &lt;em&gt;Agonía del Cristanismo&lt;/em&gt;, quiere decir la fe sencilla y firme de los simples de corazón, la fe del que no exige pruebas ni sabe de argumentos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El origen del dicho lo explica el maestro Correas en su &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario de Refranes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, al comentar la frase: «Yo creo lo que cree el carbonero», en la forma siguiente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Un maestro teólogo tuvo una vez plática con un carbonero en cosas de fe y acerca de la Santísima Trinidad..., y propuso al carbonero: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«¿Cómo entendéis vos eso de las tres divinas personas, tres y una?». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;El carbonero tomó la falda del sayo e hizo tres dobleces, y luego, extendiéndola, dijo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«Así», mostrando que eran tres cosas y todas una. Agradóle al teólogo y satisfizose y después, al tiempo de su muerte, decía: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«Creo lo que cree el carbonero». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según Batús, el origen del dicho se encuentra en el siguiente cuento&lt;/strong&gt; que se lee en las &lt;em&gt;Memorias&lt;/em&gt; de Trevoux: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Había un carbonero, exclusiva y constantemente ocupado en su oficio, a quien parece que el diablo había tomado por su cuenta. Un día, disfrazado el diablo de doctor de Sorbona, la emprendió de frente y preguntóle qué creía él acerca de la fe de Jesucristo, y el buen hombre le contestó: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«Yo creo lo que cree la Iglesia». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Entonces el diablo, apremiándole de nuevo, le dijo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«Y bien, ¿qué cree la Iglesia?». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;A la cual el carbonero contestó, dejando confundido y patitieso a aquel maligno espíritu: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—«Ella cree todo lo que creo yo». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La verdadera explicación parece ser la de Correas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-18T17:30:35.693" LastActivityDate="2018-06-18T17:30:35.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14915" CreationDate="2018-06-19T00:52:53.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba, &quot;dale caña&quot; significa continuar una acción sin perjuicio alguno.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Amigo, no puedo esperar por ti.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ok, dale caña.  &lt;em&gt;[O bien: &quot;vete sin problema&quot;]&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19673" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T07:01:04.167" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T07:01:04.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26623" CreationDate="2018-06-19T03:21:17.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only answer I can think of for your question is that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Languages have many differences.  If all verbs matched up perfectly, in meaning and usage, such as transitive/intransitive, reflexive/not reflexive, then we would lose the beautiful variability and richness of the world's languages.  How boring that would be! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I thought you might like to know that there's another way of expressing the same concept, that &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; reflexive (pronominal):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iniciarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las clases se inician el 27 de agosto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T12:42:10.440" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T12:42:10.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26639" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-19T03:27:55.963" Score="5" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando aprendí las bases de la gramática del español, por los finales de los años 70, con un libro publicado durante la segunda guerra mundial, se hablaba de los verbos &lt;em&gt;reflexivos&lt;/em&gt;.  Ahora veo que el término moderno y preferido es &quot;pronominal.&quot;  ¿Por qué se dio este cambio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T15:40:36.900" Title="¿Por qué el término &quot;reflexivo&quot; cedió paso a &quot;pronominal&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26594" CreationDate="2018-06-19T04:20:41.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the word that will be the most helpful when talking (in most contexts) about the concept of a pattern, expressed in English, will be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;figuras&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking one would need to convey the three-dimensionality, but in practice, within your context, this would not be necessary.  So, your sentence could be &lt;em&gt;functionally&lt;/em&gt; translated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizás no fue tan buena idea comprar un colchón con figuras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when you are buying fabric, if it has a pattern, we say, &quot;Tiene figuras,&quot; or else we specify exactly what sort of pattern it has, for example, &quot;Tiene florecitas.&quot;  It's clear from the context that the &lt;em&gt;figuras&lt;/em&gt; (generally) or the little flowers (or the little triangles, or what have you) are &lt;em&gt;repeated.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;Patterning&lt;/em&gt;, in scientific contexts, can be challenging to translate (see examples at linguee.com).  I feel rather relieved you didn't ask about that!]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T04:20:41.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-19T08:22:04.783" Score="4" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir &lt;em&gt;bramante&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;El último viaje del buque fantasma&lt;/em&gt; de Gabriel García Márquez? Según el DLE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=62WR1Ij&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bramante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un &lt;em&gt;hilo&lt;/em&gt;, pero no en ese caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] tuvo que acostumbrarse a su miserable rutina de huérfano, señalado por todos como el hijo de la viuda que llevó al pueblo el trono de la desgracia, viviendo no tanto de la caridad pública como del pescado que se robaba en los botes, mientras &lt;strong&gt;la voz se le iba volviendo de &lt;em&gt;bramante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y sin acordarse más de sus visiones de antaño hasta otra noche de marzo en que miró por casualidad &#xA;  hacia el mar, y de pronto, madre mía, ahí está, la descomunal ballena de amianto, la bestia berraca, vengan a verlo, gritaba...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19675" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T09:00:25.770" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T09:07:31.730" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;bramante&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26641" CreationDate="2018-06-19T08:58:30.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Opción 1&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que esté usando &lt;em&gt;bramante&lt;/em&gt;, no como sustantivo, sino como adjetivo derivado del verbo &lt;strong&gt;bramar&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=62YvCuE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bramar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dar bramidos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona: Manifestar con voces articuladas o inarticuladas y con extraordinaria violencia la ira de que está poseída.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho especialmente del viento o del mar violentamente agitados: Hacer ruido estrepitoso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto &quot;bramante&quot; significaría &quot;que brama: que da voces fuertes y con violencia para expresar su ira&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pueden construir adjetivos a partir de verbos añadiéndoles la terminación &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QgZMpot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-nte&lt;/a&gt;. Estos adjetivos se llaman a veces &quot;participio activo&quot; del verbo en cuestión, y quieren decir &quot;que lleva a cabo la acción indicada&quot;. Por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;agobiar → agobiante, caminar → caminante&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo de que meta un &quot;de&quot; ahí en medio, es decir que diga &quot;voz &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; bramante&quot; en vez de &quot;voz bramante&quot; puede ser por razones estilísticas, por algún fenómeno similar al dequeísmo, porque esté haciendo elipsis del nombre (&quot;voz de (persona) bramante&quot;) o por simple error gramatical, que todos cometemos alguno de vez en cuando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Opción 2&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras ver el texto completo, creo que en realidad sí que puede estar refiriéndose al hilo de bramante: quiere decir que, con el paso de los años y las penas, &lt;strong&gt;la voz se le fue quedando fina, áspera y seca, como un hilo de bramante&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es un símil buenísimo, porque usa &quot;bramante&quot; para describirnos esa voz como &lt;em&gt;exactamente lo contrario&lt;/em&gt; de lo que significa &quot;bramante&quot; aplicado a una voz. Puro genio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T09:07:31.730" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T09:07:31.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26658" CreationDate="2018-06-19T14:19:11.450" Score="5" ViewCount="2889" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, para deletrear el comienzo de una dirección web, como &lt;code&gt;www.algo.com&lt;/code&gt;, he oído todas estas fórmulas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;uve doble, uve doble, uve doble&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tres uve(s) dobles&lt;/em&gt; (lo he oído con S y sin S)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;triple uve doble&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ídem para palabras con LL o con RR, por ejemplo &lt;code&gt;arrullo&lt;/code&gt;: ¿se dice &quot;&lt;em&gt;a, erre, erre, u, ele, ele, o&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, o &quot;&lt;em&gt;a, erre doble, u, ele doble, o&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, o una combinación de ambas? ¿O es válido seguir diciendo &quot;&lt;em&gt;elle&lt;/em&gt;&quot; cuando encontramos el dígrafo LL, aunque ya no sea una letra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la fórmula adecuada?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Hay alguna diferencia entre las que se identifican con un único sonido (LL, RR), las que son más bien dos sonidos separados (CC, NN) y las que no son ningún sonido en particular (WWW)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-24T05:19:11.217" LastActivityDate="2018-06-24T05:19:11.217" Title="¿Cómo se deletrean las &quot;palabras&quot; con varias letras iguales seguidas?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26645" CreationDate="2018-06-19T15:07:42.193" Score="2" ViewCount="1025" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often need to express a &lt;strong&gt;necessity&lt;/strong&gt; of something in my speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know more options:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the adjective &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=necesitado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;necesitado&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=necesito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;necesitar&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the adjective &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=necesario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;necesario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you point out the differences among them? I am especially interested in the usage like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; nece[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not from Spain please mention it in your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T09:21:58.360" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T09:21:58.360" Title="What is the difference between 'necesitado', 'necesito' and 'necesario'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26644" CreationDate="2018-06-19T16:51:23.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is easy, because it's pretty much the same as English, altough there can be some differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesitado = needed (adj.) or needy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesitar = need (v.) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necesario = neccesary (adj.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you want to express neccesity, it's directly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;necesario&lt;/strong&gt; que [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means 'It's neccesary to [...]' or '[...] is neccesary / required'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is very frequent. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es necesario actuar pronto &lt;sub&gt;It's neccesary to act soon&lt;/sub&gt; = Action is required soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this is very different to the others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'Necesitar' is just the verb:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo necesito &lt;sub&gt;I need&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'Necesitado' can refer to the participle (I have needed); but it's more usually used as &lt;em&gt;needy&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es para los más necesitados &lt;sub&gt;This is for the neediest&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T09:05:55.743" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T09:05:55.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26647" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-19T17:22:10.117" Score="2" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumerizaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;consumerización&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (ahí es nada) es una situación que se produce actualmente con las tecnologías emergentes, que son adoptadas primero por el mercado, generalmente gente joven que ha crecido en un mundo tecnológico y está menos inclinada a diferenciar entre la tecnología corporativa y la personal, y esperan poder usar esa tecnología en el trabajo. Se llega a producir un impacto en los departamentos de informática de las grandes empresas, al no poder controlar ni gestionar las nuevas tecnologías que ni siquiera han suministrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya se produjo un caso similar en los años 80 del siglo pasado, al llegar a las empresas egresados universitarios que habían utilizado computadores personales en la universidad y, de alguna manera, obligaron a su introducción en las empresas que no los tenían y ni sabían que era eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna traducción al castellano para esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T07:08:37.070" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T10:24:35.410" Title="¿Cómo puede decirse &quot;consumerization&quot; en castellano?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15315" CreationDate="2018-06-20T04:13:34.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;John McWhorter &lt;a href=&quot;https://americanstudies.columbia.edu/people/john-h-mcwhorter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhD Linguistics (Stanford)&lt;/a&gt; expounds this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/006052085X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Power of Babel&lt;/em&gt; (2003)&lt;/a&gt;, p. 125 Bottom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;  Another example is how languages mark subjects when the&#xA;  topic has to do with experience rather than action. When we learn&#xA;  Spanish, one construction we have to pause to wrap our heads&#xA;  around is that &lt;em&gt;I like books&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Me gustan los libros&lt;/em&gt; “the books please me”&#xA;  rather than what we would “ expect,” “Yo gusto los libros.” In Spanish, you say not that you like something but that it “ pleases to you,”&#xA;  and thus “ to me please the books.” This is not a mere random&#xA;  quirk— it follows from a distinction in types of object that English&#xA;  just happens not to mark explicitly very much.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    We get a handle on the distinction in question with the gustar&#xA;  case: technically speaking, &lt;em&gt;books&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;I like books&lt;/em&gt; is an “ object.” But&#xA;  book is an object in a different way in &lt;em&gt;I like books&lt;/em&gt; than in, say, &lt;em&gt;I read&#xA;  books&lt;/em&gt;. To like a book is not really to do anything to it-in contrast&#xA;  with reading a book, you can like a book without touching it; if you&#xA;  say you like a book, then you are actually describing a sentiment,&#xA;  not an action. It is not accidental that Spanish has the “ to me” construction with &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt;, a verb describing a kind of experience, and not&#xA;  with, say, &lt;em&gt;drive&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1592406254&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;What Language Is&lt;/em&gt; (2011)&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=xFQbHnvLonkC&amp;amp;pg=PA27&amp;amp;lpg=PA27&amp;amp;dq=%22robust+in+its+germanic+relatives%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=o61SulUblG&amp;amp;sig=mqVqkEkgOK5-LwTrwsKB6tnmJrs&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi51o6vouHbAhXCmVkKHQ2FDeAQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=manzanas&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;p. 24 Middle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;  For an English speaker, for example, something always a &#xA;  nuisance in Spanish is how to say &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt;. It comes out as that some-thing &quot;pleases to you&quot;: &lt;em&gt;I like apples&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;em&gt;Me gustan las manzanas&lt;/em&gt;, &#xA;  &quot;to-me please the apples.&quot; It's a very &lt;em&gt;specified&lt;/em&gt; thing about Span-ish, attending to the technicality that while to eat something is &#xA;  to do something to it, to like it is to experience it—i.e., for some- &#xA;  thing to happen &lt;em&gt;to you&lt;/em&gt;. The way an English speaker would like &#xA;  it to go is something like &lt;em&gt;Yo gusto las manzanas&lt;/em&gt;, to bring it into &#xA;  line with our way of rendering liking, a less specified way of put- &#xA;  ting it. It's a typical Spanish-class mistake. But because a stu- &#xA;  dent has a teacher coaxing him out of it, &lt;em&gt;Yo gusto las manzanas&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;  goes by the wayside pretty fast for someone in a Spanish class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="10864" LastEditDate="2018-07-16T04:41:28.257" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T04:41:28.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26651" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26653" CreationDate="2018-06-20T07:26:04.787" Score="3" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí ayer en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2018/06/18/articulo/1529314000_434663.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de Verne&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas&lt;/em&gt; de Alberto Buitrago, [...] la expresión &quot;hacerse el sueco&quot; no tendría que ver con los turistas nórdicos de los años 60, sino con la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;soccum&lt;/em&gt;, origen del actual zueco, un zapato de madera que usaban los cómicos latinos y griegos, pero no los trágicos: “Era, pues, el calzado que tipificaba a los personajes graciosos, los que representan a personas vulgares o de poco entendimiento”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rápidamente me fui al DLE para comprobarlo, y ¡vaya si lo confirman! Llegando incluso al punto de añadir &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YdyEKEV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;toda una entrada separada de &quot;sueco&quot; solo para esta expresión&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sueco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Natural de Suecia, país de Europa. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a Suecia o a los suecos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al sueco (‖ lengua). &lt;em&gt;Léxico sueco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Lengua del grupo nórdico que se habla en Suecia y Finlandia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sueco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;soccus&lt;/em&gt; 'zueco'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacerse&lt;/strong&gt; alguien &lt;strong&gt;el sueco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Desentenderse de algo, fingir que no se entiende.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si me voy al CORDE, sea buscando por &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=el%20sueco&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;el sueco&quot;&lt;/a&gt; o por &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=el%20zueco&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;el zueco&quot;&lt;/a&gt; no veo usos lo suficientemente antiguos (el que más, de apenas mitad del s. XIX) como para justificar que en este caso &quot;sueco&quot; sea algo distinto del gentilicio habitual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué fuentes y análisis se basa entonces la etimología aceptada a día de hoy para esta expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-22T06:55:03.213" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T06:55:03.213" Title="Base para la etimología de «hacerse el sueco»" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26654" CreationDate="2018-06-20T08:40:40.277" Score="3" ViewCount="978" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Fglamas/status/1008719573326159872&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un tuit&lt;/a&gt; de un periodista argentino en el que enlaza el vídeo de una entrevista a Chicharito, un jugador de fútbol mexicano. Al comentario del entrevistador &lt;em&gt;Pongámonos serios, México no está para ser campeón del mundo&lt;/em&gt;, sigue lo que indica el tuit en sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— ¿Por qué no podemos ser Grecia en la Eurocopa o Leicester en la Premier?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Porque Alemania está en el grupo. Lo tiene asegurado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡Pero imaginemos cosas chingonas! ¿Por qué quedarnos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bancadísimo Chicharito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para poner contexto en el tema: el vídeo toma relevancia ahora, cuando México ganó a Alemania en su primer partido. Por tanto, y si lo entiendo bien, esas &lt;em&gt;cosas chingonas&lt;/em&gt; a las que se refieren son pequeñas utopías que al paso de los días se han convertido en reales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volviendo a lo estrictamente lingüístico, vemos una mezcla interesante de regionalismos: por un lado está lo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4773/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cosas chingonas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mexicano, que ya conozco. Por el otro, está el &lt;em&gt;bancadísimo&lt;/em&gt; argentino, que no conocía y es a lo que voy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece que con &lt;em&gt;bancadísimo&lt;/em&gt; está queriendo decir &lt;em&gt;valiente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;iluminado&lt;/em&gt; o cualquier cosa del estilo. Sin embargo, busco y busco en el DAMER y me encuentro con definiciones que no me acaban de encajar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=bancar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bancar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  tr. Bo, Ar, Ur. Mantener una persona económicamente a alguien. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  tr. prnl. Bo, Ur; Ar, pop. Asumir la responsabilidad de un dicho o una situación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  tr. Ar, Ur. Pagar los gastos de alguien en una salida común, especialmente en un lugar de diversión. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  tr. Bo, Ar, Ur; Ch, p.u. Tolerar, soportar a alguien o algo. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Bo, Ar, Ur. Apoyar o ayudar una persona a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así como &lt;em&gt;bancado&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4wZaf6M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bancar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De banca.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. coloq. Arg. y Ur. Mantener o respaldar a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. tr. coloq. Arg. y Ur. Soportar, aguantar a alguien o algo. &lt;em&gt;A ese pesado no lo banca nadie&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;em&gt;No se banca las críticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. tr. Ur. En una salida colectiva, pagar los gastos de alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. prnl. coloq. Arg. Responsabilizarse de algo que se ha dicho o hacerse cargo de una situación. &lt;em&gt;Yo me banco lo que digo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir &quot;bancado&quot; pues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T12:46:00.380" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;bancado&quot; o &quot;bancadísimo&quot; en Argentina?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26651" CreationDate="2018-06-20T10:01:51.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de Autoridades vemos la siguiente definición para &lt;em&gt;zueco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Figuradamente se llama la Poesía en estilo llano, y sin lo conceptuoso, y realzado del estilo heróico, con alusion à las comedias antiguas, que se representaban con zuecos, à distincion del Conthurno, que se usaba en las Tragedias, y otras representaciones heróicas. Aplicase tambien al discurso, ù dissertacion en prosa; pero en dicho estilo llano. Lat. &lt;em&gt;soccus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay definición para &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt;, aunque algunos diccionarios del siglo XVII sí recogen &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt; pero redirigiendo a &lt;em&gt;çueco&lt;/em&gt;, así que busqúemoslo. Efectivamente vemos en el Nebrija que &lt;em&gt;çueco&lt;/em&gt; era la forma de &lt;em&gt;soccus&lt;/em&gt; por la época. Pero no hay rastro de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo en el CORDE casos de la expresión en el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿A qué pronuncias su nombre? Valía más hacerse el sueco. (1841)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con la forma &lt;em&gt;zueco&lt;/em&gt; en el siglo XX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero Dios, el lejano Dios, o no oyó nada, o si algo oyó, se hizo el zueco, como buen viejo lleno de mañas. (1916)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión la registra el DLE desde su edición de 1817:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HACERSE EL SUECO. f. fam. Hacerse el desentendido en alguna conversacion ó negocio de que se trata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no avisa de cuál es su etimología, y no se recoge nada parecido en la entrada de &lt;em&gt;zueco&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual realmente despista un poco. Curiosamente, el &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt; de la expresión compartió etimología en las sucesivas versiones del DLE hasta 1970, en la cual por primera vez el &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt; de la expresión se separa en una entrada aparte de la del gentilicio, especificando que viene del latín &lt;em&gt;soccus&lt;/em&gt;, 'tronco, tocón'. Por la fecha del cambio es probable que Corominas tenga algo que ver, pero en su diccionario etimológico abreviado no veo nada al respecto (no hay entrada para &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt;, a ver si alguien que disponga de la versión completa puede arrojar algo de luz).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, no ayuda nada a este razonamiento que la misma expresión en Bolivia sea &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=hacer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacerse el italiano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (según el DAMER: &quot;Hacerse el distraído o el desentendido&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y tampoco sé si ayuda lo que acabo de leer en una ficha del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase hacerse el sueco 'hacerse el sordo' origen s. XIX, aunque basada en frases populares como &quot;hacerse el zueco&quot;, el zocato (el acorchado, el inservible), el que se hace como una zoca o tronco de árbol, inservible, debió influir en su popularización la personalidad del valenciano Bernat y Baldovi, abogado, escritor, diputado, que era de Suecia (llamados hipocorísticamente en tono festivo suecos, el sueco, a él le llamaban los diputados el sueco, publicó un periódico festivo y mordaz El Sueco, muy leido) y era sordo. Su vena humorística era grande, mordaz y famoso por sus réplicas oratorias: cuando le convenía &quot;se hacía el sueco&quot;... o decíase &quot;hacerse el sueco&quot; como él. La grafía castellana debería ser &quot;hacerse el zueco&quot;, cf. &quot;sordo como una soca&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es interesante, dado que confirma que el origen debería ser &lt;em&gt;zueco&lt;/em&gt;, pero que esta persona popularizó la versión con &lt;em&gt;sueco&lt;/em&gt;. En todo caso, no me cuadra que la expresión &lt;em&gt;hacerse el sueco&lt;/em&gt; venga recogida en el DLE desde 1817, y que esta persona viviera entre 1809 y 1864, por lo que si realmente influyó en su popularización, debió ser después de que la RAE la recogiera. Las referencias a esta persona en periódicos españoles fueron a partir de 1843 según la hemeroteca de la BNE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra ficha insiste en que la etimología propuesta por la RAE hacia 1970 (la que decía que provenía de &quot;tronco, tocón&quot;) es correcta, pero que el término se acabó mezclando con el gentilicio. Vamos, lo que ya imaginábamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras fichas defienden la separación de las etimologías argumentando que el uso de la expresión &quot;hacerse el sueco&quot; fue en sus inicios algo &quot;vulgar y rural&quot; (varias fichas mencionan Aragón como lugar de origen), por lo que creen poco probable que se aludiera al gentilicio, sino más bien a la influencia de palabras como &lt;em&gt;soca, soc&lt;/em&gt;, 'tronco de árbol', en relación a que estos no oyen y se hacen los sordos. De hecho el DLE también recoge la expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YBBVvGM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacerse el soca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T11:42:03.257" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T11:42:03.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26652" CreationDate="2018-06-20T12:46:00.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bancadísimo Chicharito&lt;/em&gt; ➡ &lt;em&gt;Banco mucho a Chicharito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de la primera acepción del DLE. El autor del tuit está diciendo que apoya totalmente la actitud de Chicharito. Es el significado más común de &lt;em&gt;bancar&lt;/em&gt; en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T12:46:00.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-20T14:35:19.363" Score="5" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish letter names have several patterns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Single vocal: just its sound (a, e, i...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consonant + 'e' (be, ce, de...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'E' + consonant + 'e' (efe, ele...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other patterns: q ('cu'), v ('uve'), h ('hache')...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the origin for the Spanish letter names?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T07:32:02.463" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T11:04:42.577" Title="What is the origin of the names of the letters in the Spanish alphabet?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26655" CreationDate="2018-06-20T14:35:19.363" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Spanish letter names are explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=yuROfXFBlgUHijKr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapter 5.4.3&lt;/a&gt; from the Spanish Orthography published in 2010 by the RAE. Following on is a translation into English of the most relevant parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish alphabet derives from the Latin alphabet, and also the letter names. The Greeks had kept or adapted the Phoenician names for the letters, so in Classical Greek the letter names were words that started with sound to be represented. Thus, Phoenician names &lt;em&gt;ʾaleph, bet, gimel&lt;/em&gt; became &lt;em&gt;alpha, beta, gamma&lt;/em&gt; in the Greek alphabet. On the other hand, the Latin names are phonetic (based on their characteristic sounds).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Vowels&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin, the name for the vowels was their own sound ('a', 'e', 'i'...). This has been kept in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'i' letter is also named 'i latina' sometimes, when it needs to be differentiated from the 'i griega' (see below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Consonants&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The consonant names in Latin are also based on their sounds, but adding a vocalic supporting sound. This supporting sound was provided by the letter 'e', which is the one that takes the least effort to be uttered. Some consonant names were created by adding an 'e' after the consonant sound ('be', 'de', 'ge' and so on) and other added the 'e' before ('ef', 'el', 'em' and so on). These names were kept in Spanish, only that we needed to add another 'e' sound for the second group, creating our current 'efe', 'ele', 'eme' and the rest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;C, K, Q&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin these letters always represented the /k/ phoneme, so to differentiate them the vocalic sound added was different in each case. The basic case was 'c', named 'ce', and the other were named by adding the vowel that was most frequently used after each: so 'k' was named 'ka' and 'q' was named 'qu'. So the names for C, K, Q were pronounced in Latin as [ké, ká, kú] that gave the current 'ce', 'ka', 'cu'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/a/117/2646&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; to a question in the Latin language site, the letter 'C' began shifting its pronunciation from /k/ to /ts/ when followed by 'e' or 'i' by the fifth century or probably some time before that, and the change was completed in the seventh century. In the Spanish peninsula the sound move towards /θ/. A similar change suffered the letter 'G' that softened its pronunciation before 'e' and 'i'. That's why we say today /θe/ and not /ke/, and /xe/ and not /ge/, as these changes were completed long before the eleventh century when the Spanish language is considered to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;X, Y, Z&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'x' name comes from Latin 'ix', just by reversing the name 'xi' the letter had in Greek, as no Latin word began with that letter or the sound [ks]. Some time after the letter started being named after its sound as the rest of the consonants, so it started to be named 'ex' or 'eks' (using the 'e' as vocalic support) which derived into today's 'equis'. The 'y' was named 'i Graeca' based on its origin (Spanish: 'i griega', though it is also named 'ye' nowadays to follow the main pattern for consonant names), and the 'z' just kept the Greek name 'zeta'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;H, J, V, W&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name 'hache' seems to come from the French name of the letter. The French name &lt;em&gt;hache&lt;/em&gt; as well as Italian &lt;em&gt;acca&lt;/em&gt; and Catalan &lt;em&gt;hac&lt;/em&gt; seem to come from vulgar Latin &lt;em&gt;*hacca&lt;/em&gt;, a corrupted imitation of the aspirated sound this letter represented in its origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name 'jota' comes from the Greek name &lt;em&gt;iota&lt;/em&gt;, as this letter is a variant for the letter &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name 'uve' is quite recent. The letter &lt;em&gt;u/v&lt;/em&gt; was named 'v consonante' or 'u consonante' as opposed to 'u vocal'. Since 1869, the 'v' was named just 've', following the most common pattern for consonant names (in fact, in American Spanish it is still its name). Nonetheless, ir order to be able to tell apart 'be' from 've', in 1947 its name changed to 'uve', joining the two values that the letter had: 'u' (vowel) and 've' (consonant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name 'uve doble' just reflects the origin of the letter 'w', a duplication of the letter 'v'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;American Spanish variants&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some consonants have other names in the American Spanish. These are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt;: named 'be larga', 'be grande' and 'be alta'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;: named 've', 've corta', 've chica', 've pequeña' and 've baja'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;w&lt;/strong&gt;: named 've doble', 'doble ve', 'doble u' and 'doble uve'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Support links&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abecedarium_Latinum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abecedarium Latinum&lt;/a&gt; in Latina Vicipaedia. This link shows how the letters were pronounced in Classical Latin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet#Letter_names&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Letter names in Greek&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T11:04:42.577" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T11:04:42.577" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26639" CreationDate="2018-06-20T15:40:36.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo como «el jarrón se cayó» no es reflexivo. Lo que lo caracteriza es el hecho de que se construye con pronombre. La terminología actual es más precisa. Piensa es «la planta se secó por culpa del calor» y compáralo con «la niña se secó con la toalla». La segunda es claramente reflexiva, pues la niña se hace algo a sí misma, pero no la primera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19681" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T15:40:36.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26643" CreationDate="2018-06-20T18:01:33.603" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no he encontrado ninguna recomendación o norma de la RAE sobre deletreo. De acuerdo a la definición del diccionario, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C6bvTMf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;deletrear&lt;/a&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Decir separadamente las letras de cada sílaba, las sílabas de cada palabra y luego la palabra entera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Decir el nombre de cada una de las letras que constituyen una palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/breves-de-la-actualidad-linguistica-6376/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Breves de la Actualidad Lingüística&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, Fundéu interpreta como &lt;strong&gt;esencial&lt;/strong&gt; ese &amp;quot;Decir separadamente&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deletrear, según el DRAE, es &lt;strong&gt;pronunciar aislada y separadamente las letras de una palabra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que deberíamos usar la primera opción que propones (&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;uve doble, uve doble, uve doble&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) para algo como &amp;quot;www&amp;quot;. Es interesante que Fundéu propone (respecto al deletreo de &amp;quot;chanchullo&amp;quot;, que usan como ejemplo para expplicar cómo ha cambiado el deletreo de esa palabra de «&lt;strong&gt;che&lt;/strong&gt; – a – ene – &lt;strong&gt;che&lt;/strong&gt; – u – &lt;strong&gt;elle&lt;/strong&gt; – o» a «&lt;strong&gt;ce – hache&lt;/strong&gt; – a – ene – &lt;strong&gt;ce – hache&lt;/strong&gt; – u – &lt;strong&gt;ele – ele&lt;/strong&gt; – o») que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] otra posibilidad mucho mejor sería conservar el deletreo anterior, y cambiar la definición de la palabra deletreo o inventar una nueva que la sustituya, pues ya no se trataría de pronunciar las letras sino las letras o dígrafos de las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que entiendo que Fundéu interpreta que decir &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;tres uve(s) dobles&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;triple uve doble&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, no es realmente una forma de deletreo, si no otra cosa, pues, aunque &amp;quot;www&amp;quot; no sea un dígrafos o una palabra en sí, si no decimos las letras una a una y por separado no estamos deletreando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &amp;quot;www&amp;quot; encima no es una palabra, no habría razón para intentar &amp;quot;pronunciar un trígrafo&amp;quot; o similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo de ese artículo usa &lt;code&gt;chanchullo&lt;/code&gt; que tiene dos eles seguidas, y entiendo que haremos lo mismo con palabras con dos erres (como &lt;code&gt;arroyo&lt;/code&gt;) y que podemos extrapolar a &amp;quot;www&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, la segunda acepción de la definición, &amp;quot;Decir el nombre de cada una de las letras que constituyen una palabra&amp;quot; nos lleva a &lt;em&gt;interpretar&lt;/em&gt; que deletrear es decir &amp;quot;ele - ele&amp;quot;, y no &amp;quot;dos eles&amp;quot;, pues no decimos el nombre particular de cada letra, si no la &lt;em&gt;cantidad&lt;/em&gt; de las mismas (dentro del orden en el que aparecen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T18:01:33.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-20T19:17:20.937" Score="4" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KbZUpzR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Homófono&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es (negrita mía)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. &lt;em&gt;Ling&lt;/em&gt;. Dicho de &lt;strong&gt;una palabra&lt;/strong&gt;: Que suena igual que otra, pero que tiene distinto significado y puede tener distinta grafía. U. t. c. s. m. &lt;em&gt;Aunque se distinguen ortográficamente, tubo y tuvo son homófonos.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un término análogo para los casos en los que el mismo sonido está formado por más de una palabra? Por ejemplo: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;helado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;el hado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; suenan igual, pero no se pueden denominar &lt;strong&gt;homófonos&lt;/strong&gt; porque &quot;&lt;em&gt;el hado&lt;/em&gt;&quot; no es una palabra, sino dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19629" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T22:46:09.647" Title="¿Existe una palabra para designar a los homófonos formados por más de una palabra?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26659" CreationDate="2018-06-20T22:46:09.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando la coincidencia es intencional se conoce como &quot;calambur&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calambur&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calambur&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El calambur es un juego de palabras, basándose en la homonimia, en la paronimia o en la polisemia. Consiste en modificar el significado de una palabra o frase agrupando de distinta forma sus sílabas. Por ejemplo: &quot;plata no es&quot; y &quot;plátano es&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T22:46:09.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23290" CreationDate="2018-06-21T11:41:16.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como están definidas las expresiones &quot;vérsele a alguien el cobre&quot; o &quot;vérsele el plumero&quot;, no creo que la connotación sea obligatoriamente negativa. La definición de la segunda dice &quot;descubrirse sus intenciones o defectos&quot;. Vale que &quot;defectos&quot; pueda ser negativo, pero una intención oculta no tiene por qué ser necesariamente mala (aunque hay muchas probabilidades de que lo sea). En todo caso, no es que el cobre o un plumero tengan &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt; connotaciones negativas, sino que esta viene dada por la forma en que se originaron las expresiones (que no creo que tengan nada que ver, simplemente el DLE usa la segunda para definir la primera).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablando ya de sus orígenes, en los comentarios ya se apuntan. Para la versión del cobre bien puede tener su origen en las joyas baratas hechas de cobre y recubiertas por una película que les dé apariencia de oro, que con el tiempo se pelaban y mostraban su verdadero origen, aunque &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23298/12637&quot;&gt;la explicación de @alexchvrches&lt;/a&gt; también parece plausible. Para la versión del plumero, se explica &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-procede-la-expresion-se-te-ve-el-plumero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de la locución [...] se remonta a la época de las Cortes de Cádiz de 1812, en la que se reconoció y reguló a las milicias nacionales; una fuerza compuesta por voluntarios dispuestos a defender los ideales progresistas. Por su parte, el bando absolutista no era partidario de dicho cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Milicia Nacional se vestía con gorros coronados por penachos de plumas que destacaban en la lejanía, &quot;pudiéndose distinguir y saber a qué bando y cuerpo pertenecían sus portadores&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El origen de la expresión comenzó a utilizarse cuando en tertulias y/o debates políticos entre conservadores y progresistas, en un momento de la discusión se les decía a éstos últimos &quot;a mí no me engañas, que te he visto el plumero&quot;, en clara referencia al penacho de plumas del gorro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la expresión &quot;pelar el cobre&quot;, aunque de origen similar parece que su significado es ligeramente diferente. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pelar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Según el DAMER&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pelar el cobre&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. verb. &lt;em&gt;Ni, Co.&lt;/em&gt; Mostrar &lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt; un lado negativo o de mala intención ante una situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión se usa en Colombia, por lo que &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/ELTIEMPO/status/1009127096717860865&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el texto mencionado por @walen&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Colombiano en Rusia, no peles el cobre!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significaría que no por estar fuera de tu país debes mostrar tu peor cara, sino comportarte con la misma educación como si estuvieras en tu casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T11:53:35.480" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T11:53:35.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-21T12:34:13.867" Score="5" ViewCount="1311" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo en el diccionario de Covarrubias (1611) lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En vocablos castellanos jamás la 'h' se pone en fin de dicción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque seguidamente cita dos excepciones: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1GNbcOe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4mX1tFr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Buscando en el DLE palabras que terminen en 'h' veo que, efectivamente, la lista solo contiene interjecciones del estilo (se añaden otras como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ERYOg9R&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QwpIHLI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;oh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b1OpfUP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;uh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), palabras importadas de otros idiomas y palabras formadas a partir de nombres propios extranjeros, como &lt;em&gt;Koch&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fascinante resulta la explicación de Covarrubias acerca de la 'h' final de las interjecciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Se añade la 'h'] por extender el sonido de la 'a', y mostrar el afecto grande de la pasión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la explicación actual de esa 'h' final? ¿Sigue siendo para representar el alargamiento de la vocal en la interjección? ¿Cuál es su origen? ¿Se usa una 'h' para alargar sonidos vocálicos en otras palabras además de estas interjecciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única interjección que contiene una etimología en el DLE es &lt;em&gt;bah&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. vāh; cf. lat. mediev. ba.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual da a entender que esa 'h' final podría haber existido ya en latín, aunque en el Diccionario de Autoridades veo que &quot;ah&quot; (por ejemplo) se usaba poco y equivalía a &quot;ay&quot;, mientras que la más usada era &quot;ha&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T19:05:10.000" Title="¿Por qué algunas interjecciones en español acaban en 'h'?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-21T12:46:00.913" Score="4" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando en la frase inglesa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We like it when we see them clean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&quot;them&quot; se refiere a unas baldosas previamente mencionadas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llego a &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gusta cuando las veamos limpias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;porque, a mi entender, no es una declaración y por eso exige subjuntivo (o se puede decir que &quot;gustar&quot; es un verbo de &quot;emoción&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo no estoy seguro de que el indicativo sea correcto aquí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que la traducción más correcta sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gusta verlas limpias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero para mí falta un poco del matiz del original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que sería lo correcto? ¡Agradeceré cualquier consejo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1952" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-21T13:29:54.103" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T20:44:45.840" Title="La traducción de &quot;We like it when we (verbo)&quot;: ¿Con subjuntivo o indicativo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26663" CreationDate="2018-06-21T13:59:12.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ante estas traducciones idiomáticas/ideológicas yo siempre he preferido que la traducción se mantenga fiel al significado que se quiere transmitir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este tipo de casos trato de ver si las traducciones terminan siendo traducibles de vuelta al ingles y si el significado de la frase regresada al ingles no es el mismo entonces termina por no ser de mi agrado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gusta verlas limpias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede traducir a :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We like to see them clean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la frase pierde el énfasis interpretativo original, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mi voto es:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se puede mantener una traducción fiel al original, entonces hay que mantenerla. sobre todo cuando es una frase popular: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las frases no estan hechas para ser gramaticalmente eficientes, están hechas para denotar y hasta connotar algo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-22T20:33:22.577" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T20:33:22.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26663" CreationDate="2018-06-21T15:52:58.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;porque, a mi entender, no es una declaración&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mmm... Quizá es por no hablar inglés nativo, pero yo sí que lo veo como una declaración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We like it when we see them clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás declarando un hecho cierto y objetivo: cuando las veis limpias, os gusta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es independiente de que el propio gusto sea subjetivo: puede que a otras personas les gusten sucias, o verdes, pero en cada caso es una realidad que eso les gusta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por tanto, aplica el indicativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gusta cuando las vemos limpias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra cosa distinta es que estés hablando de una posibilidad futura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We'll like it when we see them clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso estás describiendo una situación hipotética: ahora mismo no os gustan, pero os gustarán &lt;em&gt;si se dan ciertas condiciones&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto aplica el subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gustará cuando las veamos limpias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por poner un ejemplo quizá más claro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I clap when the plane lands → Aplaudo cuando el avión aterri&lt;strong&gt;za&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;[I'm just that kind of person.]&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll clap when the plane lands → Aplaudiré cuando el avión aterri&lt;strong&gt;ce&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;[I'm telling what I'll do when the plane lands, &lt;strong&gt;if&lt;/strong&gt; it lands.]&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T15:52:58.360" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26662" CreationDate="2018-06-21T17:55:55.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es mi mera opinión sin bases, fuentes ni fundamentos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente he entendido que agregar &quot;H&quot; al final es para indicar la extensión del sonido y no malinterpretarlo con los artículos que usan dicha letra o otras palabras similares &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ejemplos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a, ha, y ah , &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;a indica dirección&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    ha del verbo hacer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    ah expresión &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e , he y eh &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;e es conjunción&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    he del verbo hecho&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    eh expresion &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;o, oh &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;o es una disyuntiva&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    oh expresión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en general, creo que la &quot;H&quot; o múltiples &quot;H&quot; también indican la extensión, pudiendo asi exagerar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y son mas expresiones que palabras, por lo que se usan en el trascripción lenguaje expresivo que en el descriptivo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-06-22T13:37:59.577" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T13:37:59.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19522" CreationDate="2018-06-22T09:53:26.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que sé, a este juego se le llamaba &quot;la pilla&quot;, porque consistía en que quien &quot;la lleva&quot; tiene que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T0BTFmP#MPUM5eK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pillar&lt;/a&gt; a los demás.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cuando pillabas a alguien decías &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Pillado/a!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡La llevas!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, y directamente añadíamos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡No vale de vuelta!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Se sobreentendía que se refería a... lo que fuese esa cosa que llevaba quien &quot;la&quot; llevaba a partir de ese momento.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se aplicaba a otros juegos similares como &quot;la peste&quot;, parecido a la pilla e imagino que también al mencionado de la roña, solo que a la peste se jugaba cuando ciertos olores invadían de improviso el aula o sitio en el que estuviéramos. La dinámica era parecida: tocabas a otro y decías &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡La peste!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, y a continuación cruzabas dos dedos de una mano y hacías un gesto como de clavarlos en tu brazo contrario y decías &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Me vacuno!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, con lo cual se suponía que ya no te la podían volver a pasar. Pero siempre había alguno/a que intentaba devolvértela antes de que te vacunases, y es entonces cuando se recurría, con aire enfadado, al consabido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡¡No vale de vuelta!!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oops, just noticed the question is in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, this game was called &quot;la pilla&quot; because the one who was &quot;it&quot; had to &lt;em&gt;grab&lt;/em&gt; the other players. To grab in Spanish can be said as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T0BTFmP#MPUM5eK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pillar&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When you grabbed someone, you said &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡Pillado/a!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (meaning &quot;Grabbed!&quot; or &quot;Tagged!&quot;) or &quot;&lt;em&gt;¡La llevas!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (both meaning &quot;You are it!&quot;), and immediately we added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡No vale de vuelta!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;No backsies!&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:51:40.427" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:51:40.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26668" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28009" CreationDate="2018-06-22T10:29:41.717" Score="4" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la zona de Cartagena (y por extensión, Murcia), se dice que alguien &quot;&lt;strong&gt;amoca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;se la amoca&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; cuando es el que le toca la china para empezar a jugar (o sea: el que le toca contar y buscar, jugando al escondite; pillar, jugando a la pilla; etc.).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El verbo, a la vista del uso, es algo así como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;amocar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Quién se la amoca? Se la amocaba Pedro. ¡Pedro, amocas tú! ¡Yo no amoco, le toca a Juan que yo me la he &quot;amocao&quot; tres veces ya!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=amocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'amocar', según el DLE, no existe&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que buscando por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=%22se%20la%20amoca%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;se la amoca&quot; en Google&lt;/a&gt; salen unos cuantos casos de gente mencionando la expresión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Luego es cierto que, a nivel fonético, se usa o usaba un verbo que suena como &quot;amocar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas son: ¿existe o existió alguna vez este verbo? En caso afirmativo, ¿cuál es su origen y etimología? Y en caso negativo, ¿existe algún otro verbo con ese significado, que suene parecido y que quizá se estuviera pronunciando mal? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-01-31T10:49:16.647" LastActivityDate="2020-01-31T10:49:16.647" Title="Origen, o existencia siquiera, del verbo &quot;amocar&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26669" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27563" CreationDate="2018-06-22T11:04:30.380" Score="11" ViewCount="1026" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Quijote, primera parte, cap. XXI, dice don Quijote a Sancho sobre un manteo que recibió y por el cual todavía guarda enojo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué pie sacaste cojo, qué costilla quebrada, qué cabeza rota, para&#xA;  que no se te olvide aquella burla? Que, &lt;strong&gt;bien apurada la cosa&lt;/strong&gt;, burla&#xA;  fue y pasatiempo; que a no entenderlo yo ansí, ya yo hubiera vuelto&#xA;  allá, y hubiera hecho en tu venganza más daño que el que hicieron los&#xA;  griegos por la robada Elena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contexto, por nota al pie y por comparación con el portugués (donde &lt;em&gt;apurar&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;investigar&quot; o &quot;resumir&quot; o &quot;contabilizar&quot;) comprendí inmediatamente el sentido de la expresión &lt;em&gt;bien apurada&lt;/em&gt;, pero di por hecho que era uno de tantos arcaísmos. Sin embargo veo que en el DLE el &lt;strike&gt;primer&lt;/strike&gt; tercer significado de &lt;em&gt;apurar&lt;/em&gt; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tr.&lt;/strong&gt; Averiguar o desentrañar la verdad ahincadamente o exponerla sin&#xA;  omisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mi parte y fuera de la literatura siempre he usado &lt;em&gt;apurar&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido que creo es más común en América, es decir, como &quot;apresurar&quot;. Una cosa apurada no es una cosa investigada o bien observada sino una cosa hecha con prisa o apresuramiento (&lt;em&gt;«de apuro»&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;«a los apurones»&lt;/em&gt; diríamos acá).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿se utiliza &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;apurar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; realmente con frecuencia como &quot;investigar&quot; (o en usos similares)? ¿En qué dialectos y en qué registros del habla? Se agradecen ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T14:08:46.677" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T17:29:12.917" Title="“Apurar” como sinónimo de “averiguar” y de “apresurar”" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26663" CreationDate="2018-06-22T20:44:45.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se puede usar el subjuntivo en tu frase (debe ser &quot;nos gusta cuando las vemos limpias&quot;), por dos razones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El punto de vista es igual entre las dos cláusulas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuando&quot; no introduce el subjuntivo.  &quot;Que&quot; sí.  Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta que me digas la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta cuando me dices la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, un variante de tu frase, pero con subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos gusta que las veas limpias al llegar a la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No funcionaría lo siguiente: &lt;em&gt;Te gusta que las veas limpias&lt;/em&gt; -- por Razon #1, tendría que ser &lt;em&gt;Te gusta verlas limpias&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Te gusta cuando las ves limpias&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-22T20:44:45.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26682" CreationDate="2018-06-22T21:31:45.773" Score="6" ViewCount="10263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he leído en un sitio la palabra &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dzpJJg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;biznieto&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, que me ha sonado un tanto rara porque yo estoy acostumbrado a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5bwRHIo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bisnieto&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Actualmente en el DLE vienen las dos recogidas, aunque la versión con &quot;z&quot; redirige a la versión con &quot;s&quot;, lo que supongo indica que esta última variante es la más común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, históricamente ¿cuál fue antes? ¿Qué versión sería la más fiel al étimo original? ¿Y cómo se originó la otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-24T05:08:38.447" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:24:29.077" Title="&quot;Bisnieto&quot; o &quot;biznieto&quot;, ¿cuál fue antes?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27169" CreationDate="2018-06-23T01:33:21.973" Score="6" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oyendo una obra de 'Les luthiers' llamada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=plCaS5aKteg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cartas de color&lt;/a&gt;, hacia el minuto 10:51, mencionan como todas los miembros del coro &quot;(...) cantan como el reverendo. (...)&quot;. A un nivel popular, suele ponerse una grosería o una palabra ofensiva para dar mayor fuerza al insulto, lo que se deja a la imaginación del oyente en el video. De la misma forma se usa por ejemplo el término &lt;em&gt;soberano&lt;/em&gt; en el caso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me importa un soberano comino lo que pienses, tienes que hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Pueden cambiar el comino por otra palabra más ofensiva)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DAMER deja el término &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=reverendo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reverendo&lt;/a&gt; como muy grande en Suramérica, México, Cuba y Honduras, mas no se toma el término soberano. ¿Cuál es el área de influencia de soberano como hiperbólico? ¿Desde cuándo se usan estas palabras con el sentido mencionado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T10:08:23.940" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T13:14:23.660" Title="Origen y área de uso de adjetivos grandilocuentes para reforzar ofensas" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1493" CreationDate="2018-06-23T01:37:44.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difficulty of translating &quot;justice and righteousness&quot; from English to Spanish, in this case with consideration of the Bible, is an excellent question which I wrestle with often as I write and translate documents dealing with Biblical studies.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it is a question of translation, we can find help in looking at the Old Testament where the two terms show up in proximity of each other.  Isaiah 28:17 I will make justice the measuring line, fairness the plumb line... (NET Bible).  In Spanish the same verse reads, &quot;Pondré el juicio por medida, y la justicia por nivel&quot; (La Biblia de las Américas).  See also Psalm 33:5 (&quot;El ama la justicia y el derecho.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish does not have a direct and easy translation for &quot;just and righteous.&quot;  The two different Hebrew terms are &quot;mishpat&quot; = justice or juicio and &quot;zedaqah&quot; = righteousness or doing right according to God's standards.  The two terms are similar, but not entirely synonymous.  It appears to me that the best way to clarify the biblical concept in Spanish is to state &quot;hacer lo correcto&quot; or &quot;hacer lo recto&quot; for righteousness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19692" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:37:44.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19794" CreationDate="2018-06-23T01:47:12.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema con &lt;em&gt;sápido&lt;/em&gt; es que poca gente conoce el término.  Así que ofrezco otra opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sazonado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XNDIW6s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sazonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Dar sazón a la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XNAUzjg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sazón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Gusto y sabor que se percibe en los alimentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El plato no tiene que estar &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt; sazonado; no tiene que tener buen o mal sabor.  Pero algunos ingredientes se han agregado para darle algún sabor.&#xA;Entonces si algo está &lt;em&gt;sazonado&lt;/em&gt;, no será &lt;em&gt;insípido&lt;/em&gt;, que es &lt;em&gt;falto de sabor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T01:47:12.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26675" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26676" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" Score="0" Body="Relaciones familiares, p. ej. hermanos, padres, abuelos, etc. / Family relationships, e.g. siblings, parents, grandparents, etc." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T02:08:46.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26677" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-23T13:52:44.140" Score="7" ViewCount="1724" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el DLE no se indica nada sobre la etimología de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SihVF3L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que por otro lado no parece tener relación con su equivalente en latin (&lt;em&gt;canis&lt;/em&gt;), griego (&lt;em&gt;kyōn&lt;/em&gt;), francés (&lt;em&gt;chien&lt;/em&gt;), inglés (&lt;em&gt;dog, hound&lt;/em&gt;), alemán (&lt;em&gt;Hund&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/classic/search?q=dog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etymonline&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; indica que su orígen es desconocido, quizás ibero, sin más datos.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de Covarrubias se indica que procede del griego &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pyr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (fuego), dato que es recogido después en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/a&gt;, que añade &quot;Otros quieren se dixesse à &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rodendo pede&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna otra etimología, o más datos que avalen alguna de las que he encontrado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDICION&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Como complemento a la respuesta de @Charlie, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/perro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; encuentro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La completa carencia de cognados en otras lenguas, así como su tardía aparición hacia mediados del siglo XII, hacen &lt;strong&gt;improbable un étimo prerromano&lt;/strong&gt;; Coromines apunta como más plausible un origen expresivo en la interjección usada para llamar al animal, u onomatopéyica de su gruñido. Viejas teorías que lo relacionaban con el latín petra o, como en la fantasiosa entrada del DRAE de 1737, con el griego antiguo πῦρ (pỹr), carecen por entero de fundamento. &lt;strong&gt;Más verosímil es la teoría de que la palabra es de origen gitano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastEditorDisplayName="user19397" LastEditDate="2018-06-24T09:10:40.093" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T12:44:11.273" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;perro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26678" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-23T18:38:02.160" Score="2" ViewCount="418" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Lengua se indica que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QYCkgqb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;noche toledana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. coloq. noche que se pasa sin poder conciliar el sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se llama &lt;em&gt;noche toledana&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Hay alguna diferencia / matiz / preferencia de uso entre una &lt;strong&gt;noche toledana&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5eNsBBo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pasar la noche en blanco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que también es &quot;sin dormir&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastActivityDate="2018-06-24T05:05:44.327" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;noche toledana&quot; a una noche que se pasa sin poder conciliar el sueño?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26677" CreationDate="2018-06-23T20:15:57.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te apunto aquí lo que dice Joan Corominas en su diccionario etimológico abreviado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PERRO,&lt;/strong&gt; 1136. Vocablo exclusivo del castellano, que en la Edad Media solo se emplea como término peyorativo y popular, frente a &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;, vocablo noble y tradicional. Origen incierto. Probablemente palabra de creación expresiva, quizá fundada en la voz &lt;em&gt;prrr, brrr&lt;/em&gt;, con que los pastores incitan al perro, empleándola especialmente para que haga mover el ganado y para que este obedezca al perro. Compárese el gallego &lt;em&gt;apurrar&lt;/em&gt; 'azuzar a los perros'. Son imposibles las etimologías ibéricas y célticas que se han propuesto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, parece que &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; es de esas palabras cuya etimología ha ido variando a lo largo de los tiempos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1884: ¿Del zendo &lt;em&gt;vehrka&lt;/em&gt;, lobo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1899: ¿Del b. lat. &lt;em&gt;canis petronius&lt;/em&gt;, perro de ganado; del lat. &lt;em&gt;petro&lt;/em&gt;, carnero?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1914: Del lat. &lt;em&gt;petro&lt;/em&gt;, rústico, con alusión a &lt;em&gt;canis petronius&lt;/em&gt;, perro que caza por las asperezas de los montes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1925: Sin etimología, y así hasta...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1970: Del grito &lt;em&gt;perr&lt;/em&gt;, con que el pastor excita a las ovejas y al perro, así hasta...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1992: De origen incierto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2001: Sin etimología, y así hasta hoy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que durante unos años la RAE le dio credibilidad a la investigación de Corominas, pero en los últimos años se ve que ya no lo tienen tan claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De los textos más antiguos que he encontrado que usan la palabra, mencionar este del siglo XII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qui mactaret perro qui lobos matat aut carnem escodire ad lupu pectet de decem menkales aiuso quantum iuraret su domno que ualebat.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Fuero de Valfermoso de las Monjas&quot;, 1189 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T12:44:11.273" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T12:44:11.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26678" CreationDate="2018-06-24T05:05:44.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia ofrece en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jornada_del_foso_de_Toledo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jornada del foso de Toledo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La frase &quot;pasar una noche toledana&quot;, para indicar que no se ha&#xA;  dormido, puede hacer referencia a estos sucesos narrados [una masacre que se recuerda con el nombre &lt;em&gt;Jornada del Foso&lt;/em&gt;],​ si bien&#xA;  otras fuentes hacen referencia al calor «agobiante».​ Por otra parte,&#xA;  Sebastián de Covarrubias, en su Tesoro de la lengua castellana o&#xA;  española (1611), afirmaba que la noche toledana era aquella que «se&#xA;  pasa de claro en claro, sin poder dormir, porque los mosquitos&#xA;  persiguen a los forasteros que no están prevenidos de remedios como&#xA;  los demás».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-24T05:05:44.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-24T08:57:14.817" Score="6" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para designar al mismo animal tenemos la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SihVF3L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y la de origen latino &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=71dxXgr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/a&gt; recoge (negritas mís)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CAN. s. m. Lo mismo que Perro. Es voz antigua, que &lt;strong&gt;solo se conserva en Astúrias, Galícia, y algunas otras partes, y entre los Poetas&lt;/strong&gt;. En todos los libros antíguos es común, porque se conocía poco la voz Perro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi experiencia, hoy día apenas se utiliza la palabra &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; aislada, y solo pervive en compuestos y derivados, generalmente antiguos y más o menos cultos, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=78zdpbi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caniculario&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7A0q8Cn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canódromo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=74CNyHN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cancerbero&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=79UjoUa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canino&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=790SXci&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cánido&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se produjo este desplazamiento?&#xA;¿Es correcta la hipótesis de Corominas en la entrada de &lt;strong&gt;perro&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt; pudo ganar terreno y acabó por eliminar el vocablo tradicional, se debió en buena parte a la falta de un femenino y un díminutivo correspondientes a &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;, que obligaba a servirse de &lt;em&gt;perra&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;perriello&lt;/em&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user19397" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T20:56:46.857" Title="¿Por qué se dejó de usar &quot;can&quot;, desplazada por &quot;perro&quot;, y se convirtió prácticamente en un cultismo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26671" CreationDate="2018-06-24T10:15:35.473" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Fundéu dice esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/bisnietobiznieto-1509/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bisnieto/biznieto:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi consulta se refiere a si es verdad que cuando la RAE sancionó la palabra «biznieto» o «bizcocho» cometió un error (o fue una fe de errata) al meter esa 'zeta' en vez de una 'ese'; pero que luego corrigió pero ya el daño estaba hecho, por ello dice que ambas grafías están correctas. ¿Qué hay de cierto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Cuando la Academia preparó su primer diccionario, las dos formas de «bisnieto»/«biznieto» ya gozaban de amplio uso, aunque solo incluyó la forma con «z»; no incorporó la forma con «s» hasta el siglo XIX. En la práctica, ambas formas han coexistido desde antiguo, incluso después de este primer diccionario, por lo que no hay daño alguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Las razones por las que prefirió la forma con «z» están explicadas en esa primera edición: entonces pensaban que, de las dos formas existentes, esa era la más extendida (lo que excluye que se trate de una errata). El caso de «bizcocho» seguramente es similar, aunque la forma con «s» claramente ha desaparecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etimologicamente, la forma 'autentica' es &lt;em&gt;bisnieto&lt;/em&gt; del latín &lt;em&gt;bis&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;nepta&lt;/em&gt;. La &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; queda en otras palabras similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bisnieto, &lt;strong&gt;biznieto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisñetu, bisnietu, &lt;strong&gt;bizñetu, biznietu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;ast&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisneto&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;gal/pt&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;besnét&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bisavô&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;pt&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisavó&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;gal&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisabuelo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisgüelu, bisbuelu, bisagüelu, bisabuelu&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;ast&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;besàvia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisaïeul&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisavolo, bisavo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bisnonno&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/bisnono&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bisnono&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;vec/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talian_dialect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;tal&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;code&gt;/pt (Br.)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;besnebot&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bisnipote&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;besoncle, bestia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;bessons&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La confusión entre &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; también ha ocurrido en otras palabras españolas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; *versicāre → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dGU5by&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizquear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; *versĭcus → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dKjjpZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; bissaccia → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dCYvve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizaza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; biscoctus → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dSFlW4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizcocho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt; bisbirindo → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dG9dm6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizbirindo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; biscottella → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dghhBQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bizcotela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;ar&lt;/code&gt; *bis[s]ináqa → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5dv2DUv|5dvHYp3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;biznaga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T14:24:29.077" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:24:29.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-24T12:12:18.603" Score="5" ViewCount="1632" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across the phrase &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/no+se+toca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No se toca&quot; over at Reverso.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Had I not seen so many instances of this (both at Reverso and in a regular Google search), I would have thought that it was some sort of translation mistake.  In fact, there are far more instances of &quot;no se toca&quot; than there are of &quot;no se toque&quot; at least on web pages (about 20 times more) and books scanned by Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/ZfWnBEF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Granted, many of these might be instances of passive voice rather than the imperative, but the examples at Reverso clearly show that this combination of words is closely related to the command and that it is more commonly translated as such.  Is this considered standard Spanish?  Will I find other exceptions to standard rules of command conjugation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Si alguien necesita aprender a decir &quot;No tocar&quot; como orden formal, qué debería usarse: &quot;No se toca&quot;, o &quot;No se toque&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente me topé con la frase &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/no+se+toca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No se toca&quot; en Reverso.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Si no hubiera visto tantas instancias de ésta (tanto en Reverso como en una búsqueda regular de Google) habría pensado que era algún tipo de error. De hecho, hay muchas más instancias de &quot;no se toca&quot; que las que existen para &quot;no se toque&quot;, al menos en las páginas web (aproximadamente 20 veces más) y libros escaneados por Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concedido, muchas de estas podrían ser en voz pasiva, más que el imperativo, pero los ejemplos en Reverso muestran claramente que esta combinación de palabras está estrechamente relacionada con el mandato y que es más comúnmente traducida en ese sentido.  ¿Es esta traducción considerada español estándar?  ¿Encontraré otras excepciones a las reglas estándares de conjugación de órdenes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T19:46:51.980" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T19:46:51.980" Title="If someone needs to learn how to say &quot;Don't touch&quot; using the formal command, which should be used: &quot;No se toca&quot;, or &quot;No se toque&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26683" CreationDate="2018-06-24T14:40:37.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's paint the scene.  You are a guard at a museum, or you are a parent guiding a small child, during a visit to someone's house or office.  In both cases, a gentle but firm way of getting your idea across is indeed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se toca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases the specific object is spelled out, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se tocan los cuadros.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;La estatua no se toca.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Estos vasos no se tocan, son frágiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is gentler than &amp;quot;No toques&amp;quot; because it makes clear that the constraint is for everyone, not just for the one person.  It's a gentle, firm way of explaining &lt;em&gt;what is done, what is not done, what behavior is expected&lt;/em&gt; in the particular situation.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also possible to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefiero que no toques ______ .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferiría que no tocaras ______ .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notice how the subjunctive is introduced with &amp;quot;que.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  However, a museum guard would not say that; and your host might say that to the adult, but not to the small child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you want to use the imperative&lt;/strong&gt;, which you certainly could do -- it would not be grammatically incorrect -- &lt;strong&gt;it would be without the &amp;quot;se&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No toque (&lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt;) / No toques (&lt;em&gt;informal&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to say, in the formal, &amp;quot;No se toque,&amp;quot; that would mean &amp;quot;Do not touch &lt;strong&gt;yourself&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot;  Perhaps you were intending to include a direct object pronoun.  In that case, &lt;strong&gt;the correct pronoun would be &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;No lo toque / No lo toques.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that could certainly be said.  (It sounds a notch less gentle.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally: &lt;strong&gt;yes, &amp;quot;No se toca&amp;quot; is indeed standard Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;; here are some examples of behavioral expectations given with some other verb form than the imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no se hace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada quien lleva su propio plato a la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bañarse, se ha dicho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya es hora de acostarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que dar las gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Te despides, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, there is plenty of variety available, that will help you avoid sounding like a drill sergeant (barking orders).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, all of the above examples that I gave in the informal (tú) can also be expressed with the formal (usted).  The museum guard, for example, would probably use the formal, at least with adults.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; 1 Editorial comment: this is one of the things that makes Spanish a more user-friendly language, culturally speaking, in my personal opinion, than another second language of mine, German, which says that riding your bike while your dog runs alongside, on a leash, is &lt;em&gt;verboten&lt;/em&gt; (forbidden).  In Spanish this would be &lt;em&gt;No se permite&lt;/em&gt; (not allowed), although in Mexico, at least, there are much fewer rules, in general, than in Germany, and so frankly I can't even imagine anyone ever saying this.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T04:10:12.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26681" CreationDate="2018-06-24T18:35:12.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si hay un porqué - este fenómeno ha ocurrido muchas veces con otras palabras por razones obscuras, ej. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18659/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;caballa → yegua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26494/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;vulpeja → zorro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23081/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;siniestra → izquierda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, la palabra para un 'perro' ha sido reemplazada en otras varias lenguas indoeuropeas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;español&lt;/code&gt; can → perro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;catalán&lt;/code&gt; ca → gos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;irlandés&lt;/code&gt; cú → madra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;inglés&lt;/code&gt; hound → dog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;griego&lt;/code&gt; κυων (&lt;em&gt;kuōn&lt;/em&gt;) → σκύλος (&lt;em&gt;skýlos&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y podemos examinar las situaciones en eso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Etimología&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el catalán, la palabra &lt;em&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt; ha sido reemplazado por &lt;em&gt;gos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, una palabra cuyo origen probablemente sea la onomatopeya de la voz con la que se suele llamar el perro&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es una origen similar de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26679/18348&quot;&gt;la propuesta de &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Origen incierto. Probablemente palabra de creación expresiva, quizá fundada en la voz &lt;em&gt;prrr, brrr,&lt;/em&gt; con que los pastores incitan al perro, empleándola especialmente para que haga mover el ganado y para que este obedezca al perro. Compárese el gallego apurrar 'azuzar a los perros'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;, Joan Coromines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también la origen de su sinónimo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=91vbETk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la interjección &lt;em&gt;chuch&lt;/em&gt;, con que se llama al perro para que acuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Motivo de difusión&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El inglés &lt;em&gt;dog&lt;/em&gt; viene del inglés antiguo &lt;em&gt;docga&lt;/em&gt;, que originalmente se refería a un tipo específico de sabueso, el mastín. Esta especie era tan común en Inglaterra que su nombre finalmente se convirtió en la palabra general para perros (este proceso se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonimia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;metonimia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this dog type was so common that it eventually became the prototype of the category &amp;quot;hound&amp;quot;.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&amp;amp;id_clanak_jezik=48370&amp;amp;lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to dog types used for hunting.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uZcs6poXkfEC&amp;amp;pg=PA215&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&amp;amp;hl=en#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In the 16th century dog was also adopted by several continental European languages as their word for mastiff.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/dog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dog#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dog#Etymology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que algo similar ocurrió con &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;perro&lt;/em&gt;, como ha pasado con &lt;a href=&quot;https://italian.stackexchange.com/a/9563/4183&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cazón&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;tiburón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Todas las palabras antiguas viene últimamente del PIE &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.omniglot.com/blog/?p=4329&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;*&lt;em&gt;kwon-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. En la mayoría de dialectos (salvo unos de los baleares):&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;És un mot que ha desaparegut quasi completament del llenguatge viu de Catalunya i València, substituït per son sinònim &lt;em&gt;gos&lt;/em&gt;; a les Balears sí que es conserva amb tot el seu poder. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=ca&amp;amp;Id=27981&amp;amp;search=ca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dcvb - &lt;em&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3. Considera estas variantes en las otras lenguas románicas:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etim.:&lt;/strong&gt; probablement de &lt;em&gt;kos&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;kus&lt;/em&gt;, onomatopeia de la veu amb què es sol cridar el ca, i que té variants en totes les llengües romàniques (cf. esp. &lt;em&gt;gozque&lt;/em&gt;, ant. fr. &lt;em&gt;gous&lt;/em&gt;, port. &lt;em&gt;gozo&lt;/em&gt;, it. &lt;em&gt;cuccio&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=gos&amp;amp;Id=77824&amp;amp;search=gos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dcvb - &lt;em&gt;gos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T07:46:15.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26688" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26689" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" Score="0" Body="Sobre el pueblo originario de México que se quedó al lado estadunidense cuando se fijó la línea fronteriza.  About the people originally considered Mexican who ended up on the US side when the border was fixed at its present location." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T04:59:24.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26196" CreationDate="2018-06-25T09:22:59.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El texto que enlazas está lleno de expresiones porteñas, el habla propia de Buenos Aires y sus alrededores. Entre ellas, &lt;em&gt;mufa&lt;/em&gt;, que equivale a lo que en otros lugares llamaríamos &lt;em&gt;gafe&lt;/em&gt;; una persona que supuestamente trae mala suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kiricocho era un &lt;em&gt;mufa&lt;/em&gt;. Entre los supersticiosos, el poder de los gafes es tan grande que no es necesario que estén presentes; con tan solo nombrarlos dan mala suerte. Por eso los aficionados nombran al &lt;em&gt;mufa&lt;/em&gt; Kiricocho cuando quieren dar mala suerte al delantero contrario que está a punto de tirar un penalty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros colectivos tienen supersticiones similares. Por ejemplo, entre las gentes del teatro británicas, la tragedia de Shakespeare &lt;em&gt;Macbeth&lt;/em&gt; da mala suerte. Por ello los supersticiosos se refieren a ella como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scottish_Play&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la obra escocesa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, para evitar nombrarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T09:22:59.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28263" CreationDate="2018-06-25T11:15:18.587" Score="3" ViewCount="4086" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/GdORLw_2oFM?t=47s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta canción&lt;/a&gt;, por una cantante estadounidense de linaje dominicano, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/9DHIaDYJey0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta canción&lt;/a&gt;, por un cantante cubano, la letra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo estoy pa lo mío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y me pregunto qué quiere decir. Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;pa’&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, pero además de eso no entiendo el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tal vez quiere decir algo como, «Me concentro en los asuntos míos»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13065" LastEditorUserId="13065" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T02:56:23.777" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T21:51:04.507" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de «Yo estoy pa lo mío»?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2018-06-25T12:27:21.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, during the time of colonization of the Americas, there were two rough accent divisions in terms of how sibilants were pronounced - Northern/Central Spain (Castilian), and Southern Spain (Andalusian). Since many of the early colonizers were from the southern region&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, the dialects brought to the Americas had the same features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y5Hdg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y5Hdg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; there are some isolated dialects of Argentina and Chile with &lt;em&gt;ceceo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, as well as Puerto Rico, Honduras, and Venezuela&lt;sup&gt;3 4&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judeo-Spanish, a sister language of Spanish which split off from Old Spanish a few centuries earlier, has even more conservative pronunciation of its sibilants, maintaining two voiced and unvoiced pairs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/odcoo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/odcoo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. This seseo variety was the pronunciation that most impacted Latin America, as many emigrants to the Americas were from Andalusian and Canarian ports. In addition, several generations of Spanish speakers had lived and grown in the Americas before /θ/ appeared in Castilian.&lt;/sup&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of_Spanish_coronal_fricatives#Historical_evolution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of_Spanish_coronal_fricatives#Historical_evolution&lt;/a&gt; (Harris, James (1969), &lt;em&gt;Spanish Phonology&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;em&gt;Hablar en español: la cortesía verbal, la pronunciación estandar del español, las formas de expresión oral.&lt;/em&gt;, Alfredo Álvarez (Universidad de Oviedo)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/thesaurus/pdf/07/TH_07_123_123_0.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historia del ceceo y del seseo españoles&lt;/a&gt;, Amado Alonso (1951) (Centro Virtual Cervantes)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4. &lt;a href=&quot;http://revista-iberoamericana.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/Iberoamericana/article/view/1679&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobre el Ceceo y el Seseo en Hispanoamérica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Lapesa, Rafael (1969) (Revista Iberoamericana)&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Errata:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;19th century development in second chart descriptive of Andalusia, different and varied changes have happened in the dialects of the Americas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T15:22:54.093" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T15:22:54.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26694" CreationDate="2018-06-25T15:10:13.150" Score="7" ViewCount="4362" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el periódico El País publicaron un artículo un poco pijotero llamado&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/03/11/ciencia/1489251890_335686.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seis palabras imposibles de traducir al español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el típico &lt;em&gt;clickbait&lt;/em&gt; (¿o &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/javipalarcon/status/959372129593683970&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cazaclics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?) con el que obtener visitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, resulta que el artículo contiene, efectivamente, una lista de palabras de otros idiomas cuya traducción literal parece bastante complicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamó la atención el siguiente término alemán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gönnen&lt;/strong&gt;: término alemán antónimo exacto de «envidiar».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si observamos la definición del término en el DLE, vemos que es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Fsk9IJc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;envidiar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Tener envidia de alguien o de algo, dolerse del bien ajeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Desear o apetecer algo que tienen otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que tanto habla del deseo de algo material como espiritual (a saber, tener algo pero también que algo no le vaya bien a alguien). Esa dualidad hace complicada la búsqueda de un contrario: ¿queremos buscar el contrario de la parte espiritual o de la material?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate dice que su traducción literal sería &lt;em&gt;conceder&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/envidia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Word Reference&lt;/a&gt; recoge &lt;em&gt;indiferencia&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;conformidad&lt;/em&gt; como posibles antónimos de &lt;em&gt;envidia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé, siento que algo falta. ¿A alguien se le ocurre algún término que sea tan contundente como &lt;em&gt;envidiar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-05-21T15:54:42.857" Title="¿Hay algún antónimo para &quot;envidiar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26693" CreationDate="2018-06-25T16:29:23.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El ejemplo de uso que da Wiktionary para &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/g%C3%B6nnen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gönnen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sie hatten so viel Pech im Leben; ich &lt;strong&gt;gönne&lt;/strong&gt; ihnen den Lottogewinn.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde el verbo alemán es transitivo y el objeto directo es aquello de lo que se tiene lo contrario de envidia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Este uso transitivo es el mismo que encontramos en español para el verbo &quot;envidiar&quot;, donde el OD es aquello que se envidia: &lt;em&gt;Envidio su peinado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En traducción libre, el ejemplo en alemán viene a querer decir lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han tenido muy mala suerte en la vida; (yo) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;verbo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que hayan ganado la Lotería.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Los alemanes son muy de montar sustantivos largos para nombrar conceptos. &lt;em&gt;Lottogewinn&lt;/em&gt; viene a ser &quot;el acto de ganar la Lotería&quot; pero nadie lo diría así en español.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;verbo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; sería la traducción buscada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo normal e idiomático en esa frase sería usar decir &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me alegra&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;me alegro de&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han tenido muy mala suerte en la vida; &lt;strong&gt;me alegra&lt;/strong&gt; que hayan ganado la Lotería.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con lo cual la traducción sería la forma pronominal del verbo &lt;strong&gt;alegrar&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1hHpisE#0kKTVns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;alegrarse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7. prnl. Recibir o sentir alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero alguien podría argumentar que no valen formas pronominales, porque no aceptan objeto directo y porque para usarlas es necesario añadir un sufijo al verbo y eso es trampa (?).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Podríamos usar entonces el verbo &lt;strong&gt;gozar&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JNbAlxi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gozar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Sentir placer o alegría a causa de algo. &lt;em&gt;Gozó la vista del mar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. intr. Sentir placer o alegría por algo o por alguien. &lt;em&gt;Gozamos CON su compañía&lt;/em&gt;. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo significa literalmente &quot;alegrarse por algo&quot; y además se puede usar tanto de manera transitiva como intransitiva, lo cual lo acerca un poco más al uso del &lt;em&gt;gönnen&lt;/em&gt; germano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La oración quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han tenido muy mala suerte en la vida; &lt;strong&gt;gozo&lt;/strong&gt; (con) que hayan ganado la Lotería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T16:29:23.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26683" CreationDate="2018-06-25T18:18:55.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The translation for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;no se toca&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;is not for touching&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;no se toca&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; leans more towards the idea that something specific should not be touched. Also, it is a Declarative, not an Imperative, making &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;don't touch&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Don't touch&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; should be just translated as &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;no tocar&amp;quot;,&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;but it will change depending on who you are giving the command to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answering your question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No tocar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;No se toca&amp;quot;  and &amp;quot;No toque/toques&amp;quot; are three completely different cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No tocar&amp;quot; is the Formal impersonal(general) Command  (no one can touch it)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;No toques&amp;quot; is the Informal personal Command (only you can't touch it)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;No toque&amp;quot; is the Formal personal Command (only you can't touch it)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;No se toca&amp;quot; is the item specific Formal impersonal Declaration (the item is not for touching)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tocar el jarrón -- this is likely to be found on a sign/placard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;don't touch the jar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No toques el jarrón --this is the informal way you command someone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(you) don't touch the jar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No toque el jarrón -- &lt;strong&gt;this is the formal way you command someone&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(formal you) don't touch the jar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El jarrón no se toca -- &lt;strong&gt;this is the formal way to tell someone&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the jar is not for touching&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T19:45:57.643" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26693" CreationDate="2018-06-25T18:53:01.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Según&lt;/strong&gt; el compendio de vicios y virtudes del cristianismo, la virtud de la cual carecen los envidiosos y contrarresta la envida es el de la &lt;strong&gt;Caridad&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar de desear la prosperidad de los demás, deseamos que sean prósperos y les brindamos nuestro apoyo para alcanzar dicha prosperidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aparecen la benevolencia/amabilidad/bondad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero específicamente es el deseo de ayudar a los demás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La otra opción es el enorgullecimiento de las acciones de los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debatir por qué caridad es el opuesto a la envidia sería un tema laaaaaaaaaargo,  y como dice la pregunta: los alemanes tienen una palabra que es todo lo contrario a eso. El español no la tiene, hay muchas palabras que se presentan de esta manera y es debido a que son palabras con un significado ideológico se vuelve aun mas difícil traducirlas o invertirlas .  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Quién me puede decir el antónimo de beber?, ¿será escupir?, ¿será vomitar de verdad el antónimo de comer?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no tenemos la palabra, deberíamos crearla o definirla, si una palabra no capturara el significado, una frase si: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El antónimo de la Envidia es la alegría por el éxito del otro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user22922" LastEditDate="2019-05-29T13:41:34.973" LastActivityDate="2019-05-29T13:41:34.973" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10208" CreationDate="2018-06-26T03:24:02.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;has caído en una contradicción, y no hay buena solución, por lo tanto hay que ajustar la frase, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;orientado a los gais, lesbianas y transexuales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto funciona bien porque el masculino abarca lo masculino y lo femenino en una lista mixta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Funciona también en tu último ejemplo (que me pareció el mejor ejemplo de la contradicción que encontraste):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;orientado a los parapléjicos, ciegos, embarazadas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, me gusta más la frase así, sin &quot;los alumnos,&quot; que está de más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T03:24:02.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15816" CreationDate="2018-06-26T05:21:42.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You answered your own question in your update.  That is exactly right.  The &quot;he&quot; and the &quot;his&quot; refer, most likely, to two different people.  The authors of your textbook should have constructed a better sentence to avoid confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in the past tense, negative, it would be unlikely to use this verb in such a sentence.  It would be more likely to find &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Roberto no conocía a la mamá de Brian. &lt;em&gt;(Roberto wasn't acquainted with Brian's mother.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Roberto no se encontró con la mamá de Brian. &lt;em&gt;(Roberto didn't meet up with Brian's mother.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T05:21:42.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26683" CreationDate="2018-06-26T06:51:16.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are correct. However, the difference in declension for this statement arises from using a different mode of address&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No se toca&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;No lo toque&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are both instances of the formal mode of address, the first being a passive voice as no explicit subject is the recipient of the order not to touch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is an imperative proper using an implicit subject (it's understood between parties to the conversation what is not to be touched, the sentence itself carries insufficient information to make such a determination which would have to be inferred from context by an uninvolved third party) while this sentence makes clear that one of the participants in the conversation is not to touch that preciously agreed to object) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no lo toques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be easily mistaken for a plural of several touches except the plural forms don't agree between &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;toques&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los toques&lt;/em&gt; would be a proper plural except that it's nonsensical to negate a set of touches, rendering necessary a different explanation for the meaning of such a phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case we are looking at the informal mode of address, opposite to the formal &lt;em&gt;no lo toque&lt;/em&gt; that final /s/ in the declension diffuses the rigidity and deference of the first case and conveys trust and familiarity between the parties to the conversation regarding the agreed rule not to touch an understood object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often modes of address bring subtle but important changes to some phrases. Some may even have different intended meanings depending on the mode of address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a difficult subject to convey in translation since there is no such concept  in the English language. This makes for interesting challenges to students of Spanish as a foreign language and is one of the most difficult aspects to translate. In English, most of the time formality is resolved on verbosity, thus simple phrases are thought of as informal while verbosity approaching legalese has a &quot;formal&quot; sound to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14033" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T19:38:43.657" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T19:38:43.657" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26709" CreationDate="2018-06-26T09:47:23.360" Score="7" ViewCount="2746" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gracias a la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17144/palabras-para-antepasados-lejanos&quot;&gt;Palabras para antepasados lejanos&lt;/a&gt;, sabemos que la palabra para el padre del tatarabuelo sería, en teoría, &lt;em&gt;trastatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La explicación es que el &lt;em&gt;tatara-&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;tataranieto&lt;/em&gt; (del cual surge &lt;em&gt;tatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt; por imitación) se formó a base de aplicar &lt;em&gt;tras-&lt;/em&gt; al antiguo &lt;em&gt;trasnieto&lt;/em&gt;, resultando un &lt;em&gt;trastras-&lt;/em&gt; que terminó transformándose en &lt;em&gt;tatara-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, siguiendo la misma lógica de prefijar con &lt;em&gt;tras-&lt;/em&gt;, el término para el padre del &lt;strong&gt;tras&lt;/strong&gt;tatarabuelo sería... &lt;strong&gt;trastras&lt;/strong&gt;tatarabuelo. Nos encontramos con el mismo &lt;em&gt;trastras-&lt;/em&gt; inicial que hoy en día se dice &lt;em&gt;tatara-&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto se comprende que tanta gente, incluido el OP de la pregunta arriba indicada, acudan al recurso de repetir varias veces ese &lt;em&gt;tatara-&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a un antepasado lejano: &lt;em&gt;Este collar perteneció a mi tatara-tatara-tatara...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí surge la duda: &lt;strong&gt;¿cómo se escribe una cadena de *&lt;em&gt;tátaras&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Con &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/perezreverte/status/905819439840600065&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guión&lt;/a&gt; y sin tilde, como el OP de la pregunta de arriba?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5ª generación: &lt;strong&gt;tatara-tatarabuelo&lt;/strong&gt; (no sé si con o sin guión)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Sin guión y sin tilde, atendiendo a la duda que OP se planteaba en la pregunta y a la lógica descrita en la respuesta?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tatarabuelo → trastatarabuelo → &lt;strong&gt;tataratatarabuelo&lt;/strong&gt; → trastataratatarabuelo → ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Con guión y con tilde, atendiendo a la pronunciación, como en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2018/06/26/5b2fc1f4e5fdea03498b466c.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; de EL MUNDO?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su &lt;strong&gt;tátara-tatarabuelo&lt;/strong&gt;, Manuel Núñez de Villavicencio, nacido en La Laguna (Tenerife), fue uno de los pasajeros del &lt;em&gt;Santísimo Sacramento&lt;/em&gt;, la primera fragata de colonos canarios que llegó a Luisiana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Con tilde pero separando con espacios, como en algunos de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://context.reverso.net/traduccion/espanol-frances/t%C3%A1tara+tatarabuelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos de Reverso&lt;/a&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero lo que mi &lt;strong&gt;tátara tátara tátara tátara tátara tátara tatarabuelo&lt;/strong&gt; no sabía era que la guerra solo era una distracción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Sin tilde y separando con comas, como en alguno de los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.glosbe.com/es/ca/tatarabuelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos de Glosbe&lt;/a&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre solía contarme historias de mi &lt;strong&gt;tatara, tatara tatara, tatara, tatara, tatarabuelo&lt;/strong&gt;, que creció en un campo de concentración durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe destacar que el DLE no recoge ni &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tatara-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;*tatara-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=t%C3%A1tara-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;*tátara-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como prefijos, ni &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=t%C3%A1tara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;*tátara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tatara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;*tatara&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como palabras, por lo que no es de mucha ayuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-11-11T08:32:59.530" LastActivityDate="2020-08-11T20:38:02.050" Title="¿Cómo se escribe una cadena de &quot;tatara-&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26596" CreationDate="2018-06-26T13:24:04.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess part of what you're asking is, how to explain to your four-year-old why you can get away with referring to your younger son as &quot;tío,&quot; but it would be disrespectful for him to call you &quot;tío.&quot;  Perhaps we need a new tag &quot;pedagogía,&quot; that focuses on &lt;em&gt;how to explain certain concepts of the language to Spanish learners&lt;/em&gt; (of various types).  I personally think that &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to explain a concept about language is an interesting theme, whether it's to an adult Spanish learner or a small child.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'd take the opportunity to explain that TV and movies tend to have some amount of disrespectful speech, that we shouldn't necessarily copy; and that the disrespect we often see on the screen, whether blatant or subtle, makes movies very interesting to watch.  We can enjoy it vicariously when we watch others crossing the line, or dancing on the edge, of what's socially acceptable.  The tiny level of disrespect in the film you and your preschooler watched together recently is a great opportunity to prepare for the flagrant things to come, as he gets older and you and he watch ever more outrageous movies together&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is he already aware of some words that are respectful/polite in one context but not respectful in another context?  I imagine yes.  For example, at home we might say &quot;¿Quieres hacer pupú?&quot; but elsewhere we might say &quot;¿Quieres hacer del dos?&quot;  You can gradually build from there to increase his awareness of how we select a word or expression not just by what it means literally, but also by tone or register.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I didn't completely understand the definitions you quoted (talk about subtle!).  However, I think the answer is yes, there is some overlap.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; I recently previewed &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=20&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwijmP6B1vDbAhVIuFMKHaWTBwYQFghwMBM&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt2531344%2F&amp;amp;usg=AOvVaw1QetPl9iOkAT1ps7QHD28S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blockers&lt;/a&gt; on my own and then suffered over the decision whether to take my 15yo to see it; I finally decided yes, but I did give him a whole warning spiel first -- &quot;I selected this movie to watch with you and [other parent] because it's funny, not because there's anything remotely realistic in it.&quot;  After the movie, I said, &quot;Do you understand now, why I gave you the whole unrealistic spiel?&quot;  To which he said, &quot;Well, you didn't have to; don't worry, I'm not stupid.&quot;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;By the way, I've found screenit.com to be an invaluable resource over the years in choosing films to watch with my children.  I can't recommend it highly enough.  There is a free version that gives you some access to their detailed ratings.  It's been especially helpful for us because we have never had a television and we filter the internet, so our children have had limited screen exposure at home.  We've been happy, overall, with that decision; but the flip side is that they were easily frightened by modern levels of violence and tense music in films.  Careful planning was needed for both our children, to avoid being up at night with fears and nightmares after a visit to the movie theater.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T13:24:04.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26705" CreationDate="2018-06-26T14:09:34.020" Score="4" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un artículo reciente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://elcomidista.elpais.com/elcomidista/2018/06/20/articulo/1529516558_012009.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué las tortillas de patata de los bares son tan malas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), un crítico gastronómico de El País hace referencia a un fragmento del libro &lt;em&gt;Hotel Nirvana&lt;/em&gt;, de Manuel Leguineche (&lt;em&gt;La vuelta a Europa por los hoteles míticos y sus historias&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hotel Ritz de Madrid. Salón de la Suite Real. Woody Allen y su mujer, Soon Yi, en albornoz. Allen lucha con una tortilla de patata: «No tiene sentido —le riñe a su joven esposa— que hayas pedido tortilla española solo porque &lt;strong&gt;estemos&lt;/strong&gt; en España, es un completo error. Parece de plomo. Está como vulcanizada. Es como comer una piedra.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy confundido por el uso del subjuntivo en este caso.  El visitante ya estaba en España, por lo que no hay duda o deseo.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19194" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-03T00:55:35.920" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T00:55:35.920" Title="¿Por qué se necesita el subjuntivo en esta traducción? «No tiene sentido pedir tortilla (...) solo porque *estemos* en España»" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2018-06-26T14:19:46.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo también tiene el tiempo sinónimo del condicional.  Es decir, &#xA;estaríamos = estemos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generalmente, cuando la condición se expresa en la cláusula dependiente, se usa el subjuntivo en lugar del condicional.  Por eso vemos el subjuntivo aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, se usa el subjuntivo como condicional.  Considerando la condición que estemos en España, comemos buena tortilla.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en una forma más sencilla, por el caso de que estemos en España, comemos buena tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T16:18:53.177" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T16:18:53.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2018-06-26T14:51:21.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La conjunción &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ThtjSks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;porque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; tiene dos valores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;conj. causal. Por causa o razón de que. &lt;em&gt;No pudo asistir porque estaba ausente. Porque es rico no quiere estudiar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;conj. final. para que. &lt;em&gt;Recemos porque no llueva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, fíjate que los ejemplos del primer caso llevan el verbo en indicativo. En la frase que muestras bien se podría haber escrito lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido que pidas tortilla, porque estamos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo fíjate que esta frase no implica lo mismo que la original. Esta frase parece indicar que todo el mundo sabe, que es un hecho, que en España no se puede pedir tortilla. La frase original introduce un elemento subjetivo, de opinión del que habla, que es por lo que se usa el subjuntivo, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido que pidas tortilla solo porque estemos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La opinión parece en este caso ir en contra de lo que todo el mundo sabe: que en España debería ser lógico pedir tortilla española. El subjuntivo refuerza ese aspecto de opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T14:51:21.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26726" CreationDate="2018-06-26T15:48:27.030" Score="7" ViewCount="1009" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consideren las siguientes dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer tomé prestado algunos libros de la biblioteca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer tomé prestados algunos libros de la biblioteca.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera frase suena raro para mí. Yo prefiero la segunda frase, me suena más natural. Sin embargo he notado que a algunas personas les gusta más la primera frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo de contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien me hizo una pregunta en persona, algo como &quot;¿me podrías dar prestado tus auriculares?&quot;, pensé que la frase estaba mal, debería ser &quot;¿me podrías dar prestados tus auriculares?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que pregunté en una app llamada &quot;yask&quot; (donde nativos le dan votitos a la frase que les parezca mas natural, y también corrigen las frases). Lo curioso es que la mitad de los que contestaron pensaban que &quot;prestado&quot; era correcto :S.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en internet encuentro un par de ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;tomar prestado libros&quot; amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=200901280&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunté en la aplicación (yask) cuál de las siguientes dos frases les parecía correcta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer tomé algunos libros prestado de la biblioteca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer tomé algunos libros prestados de la biblioteca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en este caso, todos, sin excepción, votaron por la segunda frase. A ninguno de ellos les parecía mejor la primera que la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de los usuarios de la aplicación en español son latinos, así que la diferencia posiblemente solo se ve en Hispanoamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He aquí las capturas de pantalla de las votaciones que he tomado de yask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w6l0Hm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w6l0Hm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jNj1Bm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jNj1Bm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SnA8Im.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SnA8Im.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19704" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T10:33:09.573" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T10:33:09.573" Title="¿Cuál es correcto &quot;tomar prestado libros&quot; o &quot;tomar prestados libros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2018-06-26T18:13:10.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una buena pregunta. El subjuntivo no solamente se usa para &quot;duda&quot; o &quot;deseo&quot;, sino, en general, para cualquier cosa que &lt;strong&gt;no es un hecho&lt;/strong&gt; (hablando rápido; hay más sutilezas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, es lógico pensar que ahí debería ir un indicativo, porque efectivamente &quot;estáis&quot; en España, y eso es un hecho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el lenguaje no se preocupa de la realidad. Por eso podemos mentir.&#xA;La gramática se refiere a la oración, aunque la oración no se corresponda con la realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu caso, está &lt;strong&gt;abstrayéndose&lt;/strong&gt; del lugar. Nos olvidamos de que estamos en España. Nuestra frase es en general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En caso de que estemos en España, debes pedir tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O bien la negación: puedes pedir otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero observa que el hablante se está refiriendo a una situación hipotética, general. Es un condicional. Si estás en España, puedes no pedirla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre que se cumple la condición: sí estáis en España.&#xA;Pero esa es una frase general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve mejor &quot;reescribiéndola así&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hecho de que estemos en España no significa que debas pedir tortilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una oración condicional, que rige subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T18:13:10.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26701" CreationDate="2018-06-26T20:26:49.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es interesante el &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=futpcotRaxBaJzyD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capítulo 10.4 de la Nueva Gramática&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE, que empieza hablando de la recursividad de los prefijos. Cita los casos de los prefijos &lt;em&gt;anti-&lt;/em&gt; (antiantisemita), &lt;em&gt;contra-&lt;/em&gt; (contracontraprogramar) y otros, en el párrafo 10.4c trata precisamente del que ocupa tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para prolongar retrospectivamente la serie &lt;em&gt;abuelo, bisabuelo, tatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt; [...] se repite en la lengua coloquial de muchos países hispanohablantes el pseudoprefijo &lt;em&gt;tatara-&lt;/em&gt;, a veces en alternancia con &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;requete-&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cita textos con los casos de &lt;em&gt;tataratatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tataratataranieto&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, previamente en el párrafo 10.4a se comenta lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como se ve en los ejemplos, en estos casos de recursividad se documentan tanto expresiones con guion entre el prefijo y su base como formaciones escritas sin él. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo que documenta es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] porque este les acusaba de haber cometido una calumnia, y así sucesivamente, desembocando todo ello en una inacabable serie de querellas, contraquerellas, contra-contra-querellas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, entiendo que las formas aceptables serían &lt;em&gt;tataratatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tatara-tatarabuelo&lt;/em&gt;, con guion y sin guion, pero no así las formas que tratan &lt;em&gt;tátara&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tatara&lt;/em&gt; como palabras sueltas, dado que estas palabras por sí solas no tienen sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T20:47:08.690" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T20:47:08.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26724" CreationDate="2018-06-26T21:26:43.460" Score="0" ViewCount="2699" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo del Mundial de fútbol y los partidos de preparación, la España twittera ha descubierto el cuán creativos son los seguidores argentinos, especialmente cuando se trata de criticar cómo se desempeñó su selección en un partido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2018/06/22/articulo/1529648867_962787.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La creatividad de los argentinos para insultar a su selección, explicada por lingüistas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de hoy mismo habla de ello y os invito a pasearos por la lista, pues no tiene desperdicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un efecto secundario de esto es que las expresiones más fascinantes reciben muchos &quot;me gusta&quot; y retuits, así es que &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/JoniAbascal/status/1009888784052342785&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uno de ellos añadió&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gallegos dejen de darme RT que me rompen el movil PIOLOS COMEBOLSAS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;gallegos&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a los españoles. Con &lt;em&gt;RT&lt;/em&gt; al acto de retuitear (compartir) lo dicho, pero lo de &lt;em&gt;piolos comebolsas&lt;/em&gt;, aparte de ser un insulto bastante grosero, no lo entendí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estando preparado desde ya para leer una definición bastante hiriente, ¿qué quiere decir &lt;em&gt;piolo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único que encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=piolo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en el DAMER&lt;/a&gt; es una acepción cubana que dice &lt;em&gt;Persona de raza negra, que solo quiere tener relaciones amorosas con personas de raza blanca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T07:17:45.100" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T14:19:51.787" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;piolo&quot; en Argentina?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26710" CreationDate="2018-06-26T22:01:14.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ni &lt;em&gt;piolo&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;comebolsas&lt;/em&gt; quieren decir nada en particular en Argentina. El autor de la frase &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/JoniAbascal/status/1010123361891094530&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;es de Santander&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy de Santander salu2, pero se nota que tú no pillas las bromas &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con su frase quiso &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/JoniAbascal/status/1010142239115407360&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parodiar el estilo de los insultos Argentinos&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo cojonudo que soy de españa que solo puse el tweet por las risas la mítica broma, por lo de argentina, y la gente está enferma ajajaajajaj se piensan que twitter es Facebook que poca cultura ajajajaajajajajaja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2762" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T22:01:14.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2018-06-27T00:13:50.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos casos, lo mejor es comparar el subjuntivo con el indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi impresión es que el segundo subjuntivo simplemente tiene una razón de ser sintáctica: su uso garantiza que la segunda subordinada dependa de la primera y no de la proposición principal. A mi entender, el primer subjuntivo arrastra el segundo. Veamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido que hayas pedido tortilla española solo porque estemos en España: (el hecho de) que hayas pedido tortilla española solo porque estemos en España no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si usamos indicativo, la oración se vuelve ambigua y la segunda subordinada puede depender de la proposición principal &quot;no tiene sentido&quot;. La ambigüedad es mayor si se elimina el adverbio &quot;solo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tiene sentido que hayas pedido tortilla española porque &lt;strong&gt;estamos&lt;/strong&gt; en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sería un contrasentido, imaginemos por un momento que en España no se cocina tortilla española. El uso del indicativo podría volver la segunda subordinada dependiente de la principal y no de la primera subordinada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como/Puesto que &lt;strong&gt;estamos&lt;/strong&gt; en España, no tiene sentido que hayas pedido tortilla española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hipótesis es que el segundo subjuntivo vuelve la segunda subordinada indiscutiblemente dependiente de la primera subordinada y no permite ninguna ambigüedad. Imaginemos un caso donde no se dé el absurdo de que la tortilla española no sea típica de España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No tiene sentido que estés llorando porque estemos lejos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(En este caso es claro que la persona está llorando porque está lejos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No tiene sentido que estés llorando porque estamos lejos.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Esta oración es ambigua: puede significar lo mismo que la anterior, o bien que, al estar lejos, no tiene sentido el llanto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T09:52:48.500" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T09:52:48.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18126" CreationDate="2018-06-27T01:52:48.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina &lt;em&gt;cuerina&lt;/em&gt; is preferred to real leather but is from lower layers because is softer and more manageable. Used for jackets, skirts and any other item of clothing that needs to be very flexible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19707" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T06:53:07.043" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T06:53:07.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18589" CreationDate="2018-06-27T06:05:54.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra alternativa podría ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AerTB4R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contumeria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. El Salv. obstáculo (‖ impedimento).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T06:05:54.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-27T09:34:56.797" Score="2" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español se usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WBV06OC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resolver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &amp;quot;solucionar un problema, una duda, una dificultad o algo que los entraña&amp;quot;. Sin embargo, me llama la atención la forma de construir la palabra. Según el DLE, su etimología es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. resolvĕre, de re- 're-' y solvĕre 'soltar, desatar'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, en latín ya se decía &lt;em&gt;resolvĕre&lt;/em&gt;, pero también existía un verbo &lt;em&gt;solvĕre&lt;/em&gt; que llegó hasta el español, dado que aún aparece en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YJmavLR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;solver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. solvĕre.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. desus. Resolver una duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. desus. Hallar la solución de un problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, es sinónima de &lt;em&gt;resolver&lt;/em&gt; y se parece mucho más al &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/solve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;solve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; inglés, que también viene de &lt;em&gt;solvĕre&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué en español prevaleció la forma &lt;em&gt;resolver&lt;/em&gt;, más larga? ¿Cuándo quedó &lt;em&gt;solver&lt;/em&gt; en desuso? ¿Se llegó a usar esta ampliamente en algún momento?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T05:20:52.100" Title="¿Por qué prevaleció &quot;resolver&quot; en vez de &quot;solver&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26721" CreationDate="2018-06-27T10:48:31.397" Score="0" ViewCount="666" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi infancia, cuando la mayoría de doblajes y traducciones al español todavía se hacían en América en vez de aquí en España, recuerdo que &lt;strong&gt;me chocaba mucho que al chicle lo llamasen 'goma de mascar'&lt;/strong&gt;: lo escuchaba en series de dibujos (como Scooby Doo), y lo leía en los cómics de Disney (sobre todo en aquellos en los que aparecían los sobrinos del pato Donald).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Al principio no le daba mayor importancia. «Una de esas cosas que se dice distinto en Sudamérica», solía pensar. Luego aprendí que en inglés se dice &lt;em&gt;'chewing gum'&lt;/em&gt;, y entonces pasé a achacarlo a la influencia anglosajona.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a día de hoy sé que 'chicle' es en realidad un vocablo indígena de Centroamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8jcrPyk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chicle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del náhuatl &lt;em&gt;tzictli&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también que así es como se llama a esta golosina en México, el país que precisamente más influencia anglosajona tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me asalta la duda entonces: &lt;strong&gt;¿por qué en otros países se usa, o se usó, 'goma de mascar' en vez de 'chicle', si esta última forma es más &quot;autóctona&quot; por así decirlo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T12:25:39.100" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T13:01:02.263" Title="¿Por qué en América se usa(ba) más «goma de mascar» que «chicle»?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;náhuatl&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18126" CreationDate="2018-06-27T11:01:41.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the following website, &lt;em&gt;cuero ecológico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuero sintético&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;cuerina&lt;/em&gt;, are all synonymous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cuero ecológico, &lt;strong&gt;también conocido como cuero sintético o cuerina&lt;/strong&gt;, tiene una textura similar a la que se obtiene de una vaca u otro animal. Se trata de un producto cuya materia prima no se obtiene por procedimientos tradicionales, tal y como se ha hecho durante miles de años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.definicionabc.com/medio-ambiente/cuero-ecologico.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Definición ABC&lt;/em&gt; - Qué es Cuero Ecológico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at how it is used online, it doesn't seem to have a 'scientific' definition, and is used variously as a synonym for artificial leather generally, artificial leathers made from petroleum, or to contrast with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vice.com/es_co/article/9b4jm5/el-cuero-a-base-de-fibras-de-pia-que-revolucionar-el-mundo-textil&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artificial leather made from natural products.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T11:01:41.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26719" CreationDate="2018-06-27T13:11:04.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy mexicano y acá se usa chicle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante una época y en medios de comunicación se popularizó el desuso de nahuatlismos pero afortunadamente esos días quedaron en el pasado y ahora se da más atención a la identidad propia del pueblo mexicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto ocurrió entre las décadas de los 70 y hasta los 90 en su mayoría por traducciones realizadas de España que empezaron a impregnar el estilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T11:05:32.630" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T11:05:32.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26717" CreationDate="2018-06-27T13:37:14.993" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me baso en casi nada, pero creo que 'solver' y 'resolver' son dos palabras diferentes, de las cuales, por su similitud, &quot;solver&quot; quedó eliminado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pudo haber sido que 'solver' era para encontrar una solución a una nueva situación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me baso en que en latín &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;solvere&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no quería decir &quot;solucionar&quot;: quería decir &quot;soltar, liberar&quot;, probablemente por representar los problemas como un nudo o una cadena. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo 'resolver' es cuando algo se vuelve a hacer o restablecer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Liberar a alguien que ha sido un esclavo toda su vida: solver&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Liberar a un prisionero: resolver &#xA;  Solucionar un problema aritmético: solver&#xA;  Reparar un puente: resolver &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora encuentro muchos más usos para 'resolver' que para 'solver' y por tradición oral y malas interpretaciones pues 'solver' quedó aislado, únicamente para la creación de &quot;soluciones químicas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T08:15:12.360" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T08:15:12.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26710" CreationDate="2018-06-27T14:19:51.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice @rsanchez en su respuesta, el autor es español y está tratando de parodiar. Una de las pistas es que usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;móvil&lt;/em&gt; para hablar de su teléfono, siendo que en Argentina al dispositivo en cuestión se le dice &lt;em&gt;celular&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piolo&lt;/em&gt; no significa nada en Argentina. Quizá el bromista haya oído mal la palabra &lt;em&gt;piola&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo invariable en género), que es un término coloquial (no malsonante) ya algo pasado de moda y que significa una serie de cosas desde &quot;buena onda&quot; hasta &quot;que se da maña&quot;, o también &quot;despierto, vivo, astuto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comebolsas&lt;/em&gt; es evidentemente una construcción del tipo de las que aparecen en los &quot;insultos argentinos&quot;, género que por lo que veo se ha vuelto popular en España. Tengo que decir que creo que se está forzando bastante el asunto (en Argentina nadie habla así, es léxico de una pequeña burbuja en las redes sociales).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T14:19:51.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26707" CreationDate="2018-06-27T15:04:44.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la confusión puede venir del hecho de que &lt;em&gt;prestado&lt;/em&gt; puede funcionar tanto como participio como adjetivo en ese tipo de construcciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo como participio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo me ha prestado cuatro libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en estos casos el participio se mantiene invariable ante género y número:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi amigo me ha prestado tres alfombras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en las construcciones donde funciona como adjetivo sí debe variar en cuanto a género y número:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He tomado prestados cuatro libros = He tomado cuatro libros prestados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tengo prestadas tres alfombras = Tengo tres alfombras prestadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes más información al respecto en las secciones &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wepKEyRDchkbiQpE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;27.10&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OuOhUUElfYIkObdQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;27.11&lt;/a&gt; de la Gramática de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T15:04:44.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26707" CreationDate="2018-06-27T15:16:25.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Voy a poner una respuesta, a pesar de que no tengo (aún) las fuentes necesarias para respaldarla, porque es una pregunta que me parece interesante y me choca que nadie haya respondido aún*.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, en este caso, lo que encontramos son dos construcciones distintas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tomar&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; prestado&quot;, donde &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es el &lt;strong&gt;verbo&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es el objeto directo, y &quot;prestado&quot; un adjetivo en concordancia con &quot;algo&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tomar prestado&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, donde &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tomar prestado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; funciona como &lt;strong&gt;locución verbal&lt;/strong&gt;, y &quot;&lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como su objeto directo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si entendemos &quot;tomar prestado&quot; como locución verbal, es decir como un grupo único, entonces se comprende que &quot;prestado&quot; ya no tenga por qué ir en concordancia con el objeto directo, pues no funciona como adjetivo de este sino como parte fija de la locución.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En el momento en que rompemos la locución, convirtiendo la segunda frase en la primera, entonces ningún hablante tiene dudas de que &quot;prestado&quot; funciona (ahora sí) como adjetivo y por tanto debe concordar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurren muchos ejemplos de otros casos similares, pero uno posible podría ser &quot;hacerse el muerto&quot;. Compárese:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis amigos se hicieron los muertos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mis amigos se hicieron el muerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está claro que no todos los amigos se hicieron el mismo muerto, sin embargo se puede tomar &quot;hacerse el muerto&quot; como una locución verbal y en tal caso se comprendería el segundo uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una manera de comprobar si efectivamente se está usando &quot;tomar prestado&quot; como locución, sería pedir que la usen con un objeto de género femenino. Los resultados serán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ayer tomé prestada una enciclopedia de la biblioteca&quot;&lt;/em&gt; → uso como verbo + adjetivo  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ayer tomé prestado una enciclopedia de la biblioteca&quot;&lt;/em&gt; → uso como locución verbal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* Antes hablo, antes responde alguien... jajaja&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T15:22:36.570" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T15:22:36.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26728" CreationDate="2018-06-27T20:44:03.513" Score="3" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feel his forehead.  Does it feel hot to you?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;am I using standard/good Spanish if I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tócale la frente.  ¿La tiene muy caliente?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am primarily concerned with the phrase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;la tiene muy caliente.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Is such a phrase considered grammatically correct?  Or is it more of a colloquialism?  If I were a doctor, would I ask about someone's body temperature in this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es la frase &quot;la tiene muy caliente&quot; (y otras similares) considerada buen español?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quiero decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feel his forehead.  Does it feel hot to you?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estoy usando español bien / español estándar si digo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tócale la frente.  ¿La tiene muy caliente?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ocupo principalmente de la frase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;la tiene muy caliente&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Es una frase como ésta gramaticalmente correcta?  ¿O es más de un coloquialismo?  Si fuera doctor, ¿preguntaría por la temperatura corporal de esta manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From comment: I'm interested in constructs that involve DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN - TENER - ADJECTIVE, especially those that get translated into SUBJECT - TO BE - ADJECTIVE in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T12:42:51.460" LastActivityDate="2019-09-14T12:54:49.010" Title="Is the phrase &quot;la tiene muy caliente&quot; (and others like it) considered good Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26727" CreationDate="2018-06-27T20:58:45.540" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tener&lt;/em&gt; is used to indicate a state or condition of parts of the body in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To have cold hands&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;tener las manos frías&lt;/strong&gt;. The verb tener is used to describe parts of the body that are hot, cold etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's idiomatic to use &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; in these situations. There is no other way to say it for the English usage of: to have a hot forehead, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un signo común de fiebre en los bebés es &lt;strong&gt;tener la frente caliente&lt;/strong&gt;. Los pediatras recomiendan utilizar sólo termómetros digitales en niños. Los termómetros de mercurio no deben utilizarse porque presentan un riesgo de exposición y de intoxicación si se rompen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.farmaciadigame.es/blog/bebe-con-fiebre-que-hago.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tener la frente caliente-site from Spain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, in slang, if you don't say frente and just say la and are referring to the third person (él la tiene muy caliente it means: he has gotten/made her hot. But, really, that is not the case when the context shows you are talking about conditions or states of a person's body or its  parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T04:45:47.157" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T04:45:47.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26727" CreationDate="2018-06-27T20:59:51.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico this can be considered &lt;strong&gt;ULTRA&lt;/strong&gt; politically incorrect, and thanks to the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albur_(M%C3%A9xico)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;albur&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; culture you might get some jokes about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no problem on informal context, like with your family, but doctors and specialists will use the term &quot;&lt;strong&gt;temperatura&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;calentura&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; which means &quot;&lt;strong&gt;temperature&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;fever,&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and they are expressed similarly to the way you would say &quot;have an illness&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If his body heat is above normal: &quot;tiene temperatura&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If it's too high: &quot;tiene mucha temperatura&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And until you confirm that it's fever then you call it &quot;tiene calentura&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the fever gets too high is when is called &quot;fiebre&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In México people will use &quot;calentura&quot; instead of &quot;fiebre&quot; as &quot;fiebre&quot; is considered a really bad disease, so from the taboo of fear it's reduce simply to &quot;calentura&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-09-14T12:54:49.010" LastActivityDate="2019-09-14T12:54:49.010" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26707" CreationDate="2018-06-27T23:44:04.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El español admite tanto &amp;quot;tomar prestados algunos libros&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;tomar algunos libros prestados&amp;quot;. Depende de donde el locutor pone el énfasis: en el acto de tomar prestado o en los libros. Algunos libros, no son discos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado un excelentísimo trabajo sobre esta cuestión, de la cual sobresalen dos puntos importantes que vienen a colación aqui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo que precede al sustantivo se encuentra más íntimamente&#xA;unido a él, mientras que el que sigue, si bien aparece más acentuado,&#xA;se halla más separado. El primero modifica el concepto del sustantivo&#xA;antes de que éste se haya emitido; el segundo, por su parte,&#xA;constituye una especie de rectificación y restricción del término&#xA;sustantivo general y vago ya enunciado. Por ello, «las cualidades&#xA;primitivas, generales e interiores, se anteponen; las derivadas,&#xA;complejas y exteriores, se posponen» (ibid.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) El español, como las restantes lenguas románicas, muestra una clara&#xA;tendencia a la posposición del adjetivo al sustantivo en el grupo&#xA;sintagmático nominal, a pesar de lo cual &lt;strong&gt;no impide que el hablante&#xA;disponga de un amplio margen de libertad a la hora de decidir el orden&#xA;en que hayan de aparecer las categorías modificadora y modificada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) La posición del adjetivo en nuestro idioma, aunque libre, no es&#xA;caprichosa. En general, su variación, en la que influyen&#xA;circunstancias de diversa índole (histórica, semántica, estética,&#xA;fónica, contextual...), permite expresar matices de gran precisión y&#xA;riqueza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/DIDA/article/viewFile/DIDA9595110073A/20026&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gramática y estilística de la posición del ajetivo en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se admite &amp;quot;tomar prestados algunos libros&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;tomar algunos libros prestados&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T00:42:04.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26731" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26749" CreationDate="2018-06-28T01:35:17.763" Score="7" ViewCount="1922" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo “El Libro de Arena” (1975) de Jorge Luis Borges, y en uno de los relatos (el titulado “Avelino Arredondo”) se menciona la palabra “vintén”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Disponía asimismo de un tablero de ajedrez en el que jugaba partidas desordenadas que no acertaban con el fin. Le faltaba una torre que solía suplir con una bala o con un &lt;strong&gt;vintén&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado online en WordReference y en la RAE (incluido el diccionario panhispánico de dudas) y no encuentro ninguna referencia a “vintén”. Lo más parecido que encontré fue un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bRaYJY5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;veintén&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;veintén&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Escudo de oro de valor de 20 reales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que, aunque podría ajustarse dentro del contexto (suplía la ficha que faltaba con una moneda), no parece que sea a lo que se refiere (o al menos no a una moneda de oro de valor de 20 reales en particular). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El autor es argentino y la historia sucede en Montevideo, Uruguay. No sé si es un término específico de alguno de esos lugares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14693" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-09-10T13:47:54.830" LastActivityDate="2020-02-17T21:12:22.200" Title="¿Qué es un vintén?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26733" CreationDate="2018-06-28T02:16:38.780" Score="2" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is the conjunction &quot;que&quot; used in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo digo que sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to understand the grammar behind the conjunction use. I'm thinking it is mandatory in Spanish structures (while in English it can be omitted)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17713" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T11:08:37.530" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T17:16:14.980" Title="Why is the conjunction 'que' used in 'Yo digo que sí'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26732" CreationDate="2018-06-28T02:38:22.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike in English, where the conjunction &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; can be omitted in reported speech, in Spanish it is almost always required. Otherwise, what follows the reporting verb will be interpreted as direct speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo digo &amp;quot;sí&amp;quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Yo digo que sí&amp;quot; is equivalent to the English pattern &amp;quot;I say (that) + subject + auxiliary&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Es la persona indicada? (Is he the right person?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Yo digo que sí. (I say he is.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Ella lo mató? (Did she kill him?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Yo digo que sí. (I say she did.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: ¿Vas a venir? (Will you come?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: Yo digo que sí. (I say I will.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T02:38:22.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26731" CreationDate="2018-06-28T03:26:00.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto mi primera idea era que sería algún tipo de moneda, como &quot;tostón&quot; se usaba en México. Entonces busqué con Google (sin comillas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se gastó su último vintén&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y apareció &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/politica/garcia-pintos-renuncia-partido-nacional-devolver-vinten.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo del País&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;García Pintos renuncia al Partido Nacional: &quot;Voy a devolver hasta el último vintén&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece que sí es una moneda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T03:26:00.007" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18371" CreationDate="2018-06-28T04:52:15.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good answers here already, but I'd like to add another way to talk about a downpour:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aguacero&lt;/strong&gt; -- which is an extremely heavy downpour&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me agarró un aguacero | &lt;em&gt;I got caught in a tremendous downpour&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está cayendo un aguacero | &lt;em&gt;It's raining cats and dogs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2021-02-05T09:23:01.393" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T09:23:01.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="662" CreationDate="2018-06-28T05:00:11.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chipi chipi&lt;/strong&gt; (Mexico): a faint drizzle; &lt;em&gt;example&lt;/em&gt;: --¿Está lloviendo?  --Nomás está chipi chipi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;neblina&lt;/strong&gt;: mist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T05:00:11.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26738" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-28T14:32:29.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas sobre formas de describir el tiempo (horas, días, meses...), úsese &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/tiempo&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;tiempo&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;tiempo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-28T14:32:29.223" LastActivityDate="2018-06-28T14:32:29.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26739" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-28T14:32:29.223" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el tiempo meteorológico.&#xD;&#xA;Questions about the weather." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T16:31:22.333" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T16:31:22.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2018-06-28T19:53:09.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Cold&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catarro, constipado, romadizo, coriza, pasmo, fluxión, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BvmtKj3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decenso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enfriamiento, resfriamiento, resfriado, resfrío, resfrío común&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Flu&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gripe, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gripa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gripa&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; gripola&lt;sup&gt; 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;influenza, resfriado, trancazo,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pe1mfQG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 0. Desusado&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; 1. México, Paraguay, Colombia, Ecuador&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; 2. Coloq.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; 3. Puerto Rico&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; 4. El Salvador&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-29T23:30:00.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18319" CreationDate="2018-06-29T03:30:26.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective, used to describe a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tan&lt;/em&gt; is an adverb, usually used to describe an adjective (but it could describe an adverb, too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Used to mean &amp;quot;such,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;tal&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tan&amp;quot; are not interchangeable.  What we have here is a situation where two completely different words in Spanish map to one word in English.  This can happen.  Languages aren't always one to one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help you see what's going on, let's compare what happens when you go from singular to plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1 (&lt;em&gt;tal/tales&lt;/em&gt; describes &lt;em&gt;caso/casos&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tal caso, es recomendable esperar tres días. &lt;em&gt;(such a case)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tales casos, es recomendable esperar tres días. &lt;em&gt;(such cases)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2 (&lt;em&gt;tan&lt;/em&gt; modifies &lt;em&gt;difícil/difíciles&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un caso tan difícil, es recomendable consultar a un abogado. &lt;em&gt;(such a difficult case&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. &lt;em&gt;a case that is so difficult)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En casos tan difíciles, es recomendable  consultar a un abogado. &lt;em&gt;(such difficult cases, i.e. cases that are so difficult)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The associated questions would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example 1: In which case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example 2: How difficult is the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You requested comments about the examples taken from Reverso.  I will give brief corrections, but if you'd like a fuller explanation of one of these corrections, I will suggest you write a new question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, tal comportamiento no puede ayudar a la situación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; doesn't work here.  More idiomatic: &lt;em&gt;ayudar en esta situación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, &amp;quot;may not help&amp;quot; is incorrect.  &amp;quot;No puede ayudar&amp;quot; actually means &amp;quot;can't help.&amp;quot;  (Note, &amp;quot;may not help&amp;quot; is equivalent to &amp;quot;might not help.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Never had scientists been put under such pressure and demand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I'll hazard a guess that the author started with the English and then tried to translate it to Spanish.  I will start fresh, but first, I will remove the part at the end (&amp;quot;and demand&amp;quot;), because the combination &amp;quot;pressure and demand&amp;quot; makes for a weird sentence in English.  (Scientists are &lt;strong&gt;under&lt;/strong&gt; pressure but &lt;strong&gt;in demand&lt;/strong&gt;.)  Now, the revised sentence, and its translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Never had scientists been put under such pressure.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los científicos nunca habían sentido tal presión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My cat has such green eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a little weird, since generally speaking a cat's eyes are either green or their not.  For pedagogical purposes, I think it would be better to work with some quality that could be quantified and compared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My cat has such long whiskers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the approach taken by Reverso, this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi gato tiene tan largos sus bigotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is understandable but not idiomatic.  It should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi gato tiene los bigotes tan largos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T03:30:26.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19544" CreationDate="2018-06-29T04:44:29.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo siento&quot; can only be used in some special ways.  I will modify your question slightly, to be more in line with idiomatic (natural) Spanish, and then address what you asked.  I'll use &quot;Me disculpo&quot; for the &quot;I'm sorry&quot; part.  &quot;Me disculpo&quot; means &quot;I apologize.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me disculpo por lo haber intentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or does it have to be the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me disculpo por haberlo intentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer&lt;/strong&gt;: it has to be the latter (&lt;em&gt;por haberlo intentado&lt;/em&gt;).  Reason: &quot;haber&quot; is an infinitive.  When you have an object pronoun and an &lt;em&gt;infinitive&lt;/em&gt;, you have to use the &lt;em&gt;scotch-tape&lt;/em&gt; method (&lt;em&gt;haberlo&lt;/em&gt; -- notice that &quot;haber&quot; and &quot;lo&quot; got scotch-taped together).  On the other hand, when the verb is &lt;em&gt;conjugated&lt;/em&gt;, then you can use the &lt;em&gt;separated&lt;/em&gt; method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo intento, si crees que vale la pena. &lt;em&gt;(I'll try, if you think it's worthwhile.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T04:44:29.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12235" CreationDate="2018-06-29T05:32:26.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the following cases, you have to hook it to the end of the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hazlo así.&lt;/em&gt; [Do it like this / this way.] (This is an affirmative command.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pensándolo más, voy a pedir ayuda.* [Thinking about it some more, I am going to ask for help.]  (&lt;em&gt;Pensando&lt;/em&gt;, or &quot;thinking,&quot; is a &lt;em&gt;gerund&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;present participle&lt;/em&gt; -- notice the &lt;code&gt;-ing&lt;/code&gt; ending.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es difícil levantarlo.&lt;/em&gt; [It's difficult to pick it up.] (This is an infinitive -- which is the form of the verb that is listed in the dictionary.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the following case, you have to put it separately in front of the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No lo hagas así.&lt;/em&gt; [Don't do it that way.] (This is a negative command.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the following cases, one almost always (as in 99.9% of the time) puts it separately, in front of the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo lees muy bien.&lt;/em&gt; [You read it very nicely.]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Lo lees, por favor?&lt;/em&gt; [Will you read it, please?]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of your examples fit here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué no lo hace?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué no me comprende?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than the above, you have some flexibility.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lo puedo hacer. / Puedo hacerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no puede hacerlo así? / ¿Por qué no lo puede hacer así?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no puede comprenderme? / ¿Por qué no me puede comprender?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T05:32:26.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15149" CreationDate="2018-06-29T11:34:23.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excluyendo terminas empleando las definiciones especificas (i.e. no &lt;code&gt;fasces &amp;gt; haz&lt;/code&gt;: haz de luz, rayas, ramas, planos etc sino &lt;code&gt;faciēs &amp;gt; faz &amp;gt; haz&lt;/code&gt;), parece que &lt;em&gt;faz&lt;/em&gt; se usa mucho más, salvo que algunos modismos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unas frases en que se prefiere 'faz':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+del+mundo%2Chaz+del+mundo&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cfaz%20del%20mundo%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Chaz%20del%20mundo%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz del mundo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+del+universo%2Chaz+del+universo&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz del universo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+de+Cristo%2Chaz+de+Cristo&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz de Cristo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+de+Dios%2Chaz+de+Dios&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz de Dios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+de+urdimbre%2Chaz+de+urdimbre&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz de urdimbre&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unas frases en que las dos formas existen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+de+las+aguas%2C+haz+de+las+aguas&amp;amp;year_start=1700&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz/haz de las aguas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=faz+de+la+tierra%2Chaz+de+la+tierra&amp;amp;year_start=1750&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;faz/haz de la tierra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T11:34:23.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2018-06-29T11:36:46.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la respuesta está en tu misma pregunta: &quot;Calzado deportivo&quot;. De esta manera todos hemos entendido a qué te referías de manera inmediata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México el término común es tenis, pero tienes razón, no en todos los países de habla hispana entenderían ese término y si a nosotros en México nos preguntas por zapatillas te mandaremos a la sección de calzado para dama y observarás zapatos con tacón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que toda Hispanoamérica entienda no se puede utilizar solamente una palabra, tendrás que usar más de una: &lt;strong&gt;calzado deportivo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;zapatos deportivos&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19720" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-06-29T12:19:09.217" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T12:19:09.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26719" CreationDate="2018-06-29T11:54:13.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debes de hacer una diferenciación, como bien lo indicas: el &lt;strong&gt;chicle&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;tzictli&lt;/strong&gt; en náhuatl, es una savia gomosa, un poco dura, aromática y de sabor ligeramente dulce que se obtiene del árbol &lt;em&gt;Manikara zapota&lt;/em&gt;, conocido como chicozapote, el cual es originario de México y crece también en zonas tropicales de América central y sur. Es una resina vegetal y biodegradable, las empresas obtenían esa resina y de ahí fabricaban los &lt;strong&gt;chicles&lt;/strong&gt;. Si te das cuenta, extraer esa resina de los árboles no es un proceso sencillo ni barato, por lo cual, los estadounidenses y la compañía Goodyear (si... la que fábrica llantas) crearon un sustituido para la resina llamado acetato polivinílico (mucho más barato). Goodyear fabrica buena parte de ese plástico neutro que sirve como base gomosa de lo que se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;goma de mascar&lt;/strong&gt;. Así que la próxima vez que adquieras un &quot;&lt;strong&gt;chicle&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; puedes ver en los componentes si realmente es un &lt;strong&gt;chicle&lt;/strong&gt; que viene de un árbol mexicano o simplemente una &lt;strong&gt;goma de mascar&lt;/strong&gt; de plástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19720" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T11:54:13.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-29T17:43:30.313" Score="2" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;A translation of the English sentence &quot;Nobody sang except &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; into Spanish would be &quot;Nadie cantó excepto &lt;strong&gt;yo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Why does the object pronoun in English become the subject pronoun in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17669" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T07:32:50.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T07:32:50.097" Title="&quot;excepto yo&quot; vs &quot;excepto mí&quot;" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26731" CreationDate="2018-06-29T20:01:33.290" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariouruguayo.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Popular Uruguayo&lt;/a&gt;, hay una entrada para específica para el término &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariouruguayo.blogspot.com/2016/06/vinten-de-cobre-equivalente-dos.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vintén&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Moneda de cobre equivalente a dos céntimos de peso. Llamada así desde 1920, sucesivos cambios de signo monetario le redujeron el valor pero conservaron su nombre. También se utiliza como sinónimo de cantidad mínima de dinero. Antes de navidad los botijas uruguayos acostumbraban pedir &quot;un vintén para el judas&quot; (muñeco de trapo). Dicho popular: &quot;No vale un vintén&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nUVz9m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nUVz9m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;vintén uruguayo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces es una manera de referirse a una moneda de poco valor como lo sería &quot;tostón&quot; en México (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26734/14693&quot;&gt;como indica aparente001 en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;) o &quot;duro&quot; en España (una moneda de 5 pesetas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14693" LastActivityDate="2018-06-29T20:01:33.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26748" CreationDate="2018-06-30T00:40:43.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You certainly gave me food for thought. Maybe this trick will suffice to explain: rephrase to get the 'subjects' together: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nadie excepto yo cantó. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Music to my ears. I would say that Spanish is 'functionally consistent' in this case. Is the trick valid in English? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nobody except I sang. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that sounds correct, but I'm not a native speaker so won't conclude on it. However when using &lt;em&gt;but&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;except&lt;/em&gt; it really comes out: &lt;strong&gt;nobody sang but I&lt;/strong&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;Nobody but I sang'&lt;/strong&gt;... Which looks kind of weird but I would think those are the right way to use them, the same way one &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; answer &lt;strong&gt;'it is I'&lt;/strong&gt; to the question of &lt;strong&gt;'who is it?'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS 1: in grammatical terms, the use of 'yo' (subject pronoun) vs 'mi' (object pronoun) makes perfect sense because &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; is the person who carried out the act of singing (actually, the only one because no one else joined, right? ;)) So it is actually English the one that is kind of breaking it because Spanish (as I said before) is doing it consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19722" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T02:39:46.347" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T02:39:46.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26727" CreationDate="2018-06-30T05:06:53.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is supplemental material.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more examples of the pattern you are interested in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes los pies muy sucios.  Te bañas antes de acostarte, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jorge tiene las manos muy grandes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this can be done with some other verbs as well, such as &lt;em&gt;dejar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traes los zapatos muy sucios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me dejas la cocina bien arregladita, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T05:06:53.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26752" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-06-30T11:01:07.340" Score="1" ViewCount="1184" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/0tkDIP6O56Y?t=29m54s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/0tkDIP6O56Y?t=29m54s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fans start singing some chant, and they continue to do so till &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tkDIP6O56Y&amp;amp;feature=youtu.be&amp;amp;t=31m20s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;00:31:20&lt;/a&gt;. I have tried to go through all the Argentina chants I could find on YouTube, but none seemed to match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe I have heard this song also sung by football fans in the World Cup in the Argentina - Nigeria match played on Tuesday the 26th of June, somewhere around the 89th minute (but I am not really sure if it is the same song).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me identify this chant, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19723" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T20:17:35.560" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T20:17:35.560" Title="Chant Argentina fans are singing" Tags="&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;canción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26752" CreationDate="2018-06-30T12:45:50.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a song that is adapted by soccer fans to a lot of clubs / nations, etc. You will hear it in other countries such as Perú. One version could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ole, ole, ole,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ole, ole, ole, ola,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ole, ole, ole,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cada día te quiero más,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Soy Argentino,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es un sentimiento,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No puedo parar...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Se Repite...)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fanchants.com/football-songs/argentina-chants/lo-argentina/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Argentina es un sentimiento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see soccer fans of other countries also use it (Perú):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.musica.com/letras.asp?letra=1207140&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LETRA CADA DÍA TE QUIERO MÁS (Alianza Lima club Perú)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure this question belongs in Spanish SE. Maybe music or sports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T20:14:31.867" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T20:14:31.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26756" CreationDate="2018-06-30T12:58:32.577" Score="1" ViewCount="815" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés en algunos sitios usan palabras como &lt;em&gt;unvigintillion&lt;/em&gt; para el número seguido de 63 ceros (21x3) o &lt;em&gt;unquadragintillion&lt;/em&gt; para el número seguido de 123 ceros (41x3). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros, a diferencia de ellos, cuando pasamos de millón a billón o trillón o cuatrillón agregamos &lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; ceros (ellos agregan &lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;), (un trillion en inglés es un billón en español) por lo que pedir la traducción de &lt;em&gt;unvigintillion&lt;/em&gt; no sería correcta para referirse a un número con 120 ceros sino que se debería pedir la traducción de &lt;em&gt;unquadragintillion&lt;/em&gt; para el equivalente en ceros en español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto mi pregunta es: ¿qué palabra se debería usar en español para un número con 126 ceros (21x6)? (asumiendo que si en inglés existe tal palabra, en español podría haber una).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T13:37:50.493" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:58:22.873" Title="¿Cómo se dice en español al número seguido de (21x6) = 126 ceros? (equivalencia de término con el inglés)" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;números&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24448" CreationDate="2018-06-30T13:22:23.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La entrada del DRAE nos da&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Escrito con acento en acepción 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pronombre relativo masculino, femenino y neutro&lt;/em&gt;. Introduce una oración relativa sin antecedente expreso. Usado precedido del artículo&#xA;  determinado. &lt;em&gt;Visitamos las que recomendaban en la guía. Se fijaron en&#xA;  el que estaba en el escaparate. Eso es lo que no entiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;pronombre relativo neutro&lt;/em&gt;. Algo &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; o nada &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, usado sin antecedente expreso, generalmente con los verbos &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Siempre hay qué comer en esta casa. No tiene qué leer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante este último ejemplo.  El acento nos ayuda a distinguir entre &lt;code&gt;No tiene qué leer&lt;/code&gt; (se le acabaron los libros que trajo de la biblioteca) y &lt;code&gt;No tiene que leer&lt;/code&gt; (no es forzoso que se ponga a leer en este moment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No hay de qué&quot; y &quot;No hay de qué agradecer&quot; caen en la acepción 3.  (El mejor ejemplo dado para entender esto es &quot;hay qué comer.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pienso que &quot;No hay nada de qué agradecer&quot; también cae en la 3, no más que ahora el antecedente sí es expreso.  (Sin embargo, creo que esta variante no se oye idiomática / natural.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T14:10:37.350" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T14:10:37.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26754" CreationDate="2018-06-30T16:04:31.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta diferencia en la terminología se debe al uso de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalas_num%C3%A9ricas_larga_y_corta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las escalas numéricas larga y corta&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RtKbf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RtKbf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;número&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;cantidad de ceros&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;escala corta&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;escala larga&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;10¹²⁶&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;126 = 42&lt;em&gt;3 = 21&lt;/em&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;unquadragintillion&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;unvigintillion&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así en español la palabra sería &lt;strong&gt;unvigintillón&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no hay ninguna fuente 'oficial' que cuente los nombres de los números más allá de 10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.grobauer.at/es_eur/zahlnamen.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.grobauer.at/es_eur/zahlnamen.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nummolt.blogspot.com/2014/03/letter-toraequintillioncentilliontxt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://nummolt.blogspot.com/2014/03/letter-toraequintillioncentilliontxt.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aolivella.cat/Rafanell/Apunts/nou/Logica%20Booleana%20Basico/Logica%20Booleana%20Basico%20WP.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.aolivella.cat/Rafanell/Apunts/nou/Logica Booleana Basico/Logica Booleana Basico WP.doc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:58:22.873" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:58:22.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26757" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26758" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" Score="0" Body="Términos, estilo y tono usados en escritos académicos. // Terms, style and tone typically used in academic writing." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T17:02:48.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26732" CreationDate="2018-06-30T17:16:14.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la pergunta: &lt;strong&gt;¿Qué dices?&lt;/strong&gt; se puede decir: Digo que sí. &lt;p&gt; Es una respuesta a la pregunta.&lt;p&gt; &lt;strong&gt;También puede ser enfático&lt;/strong&gt;: Digo que sí, hombre. Quiero asistir a la fiesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la pergunta: ¿Como votas? [por ejemplo] Digo sí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Digo sí [a la independencia, por ejemplo].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newdeal.es/blog/productividad/decir-si-o-decir-no/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo de decir sí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir sí o no en relación a un asunto. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decir sí, o decir no?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedes venir un momento? ¿Me echas una mano? ¿Puedes mirarte esto? ¿Tienes un minuto? …&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Sí, sí, sí, por supuesto que sí, ¡faltaría más!&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;¿Te has fijado?, ¡siempre decimos que sí! [dicho con énfasis]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/andalucia/desdeelsur/digo-independencia_6_691940804.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decir que sí, decir sí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The que is used for two reasons: one is emphasis on the yes: I'm &lt;strong&gt;saying&lt;/strong&gt; yes. or it is a response to ¿Qué dices? Digo que sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not mandatory and it has zero do do with English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say yes (normal response) versus the emphatic: I'm saying yes. In English  that would not be used here for the two uses  in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T17:16:14.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26760" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-01T00:00:08.800" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T00:00:08.800" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T00:00:08.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26761" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-01T00:00:08.800" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la escritura a mano (escritura manuscrita).&#xD;&#xA;Questions regarding handwriting (longhand)." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-03T07:30:57.090" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T07:30:57.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26762" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26763" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" Score="0" Body="Se trata del uso de palabras que describen el color, sobre todo examinando la concordancia, p. ej. *rosa*. // Regarding words that describe a color; includes noun-adjective agreement, e.g. *rosa*." OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T00:08:43.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26766" CreationDate="2018-07-01T11:09:33.557" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un interlocutor dice la frase: &quot;hacer algo (X) sería mágico.&quot;.&#xA;Yo quiero responder describiendo algo diferente (Y) para sugerir y destacar que Y es mágico., no X. Y ojalá decirlo de una forma muy sintética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habida cuenta de que Y ya ha sido descrito, tengo dudas sobre la manera correcta de expresar que Y es mágico (y que se deduzca implícitamente que es más mágico que X):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) &quot;Esto sí que es magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) &quot;Esto sí sería magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) &quot;Esto sí sería mágico.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) &quot;Esto sí que sería mágico.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e) &quot;Esto se llama magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f) &quot;Esto sí que se llama magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;g) ¿... (alguna frase diferente)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;modificación&lt;/em&gt; - - -  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si eligimos las siguientes formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Eso sí sería magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Eso sí QUE sería magia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuál os parece mejor entre las dos? Con &quot;que&quot; o sin &quot;que&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19727" LastEditorUserId="19727" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T13:35:51.233" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T13:35:51.233" Title="&quot;Esto sí (que) es lo que llamo X...&quot; , &quot;Esto sí (que) es X&quot;, &quot;Esto sì (que) sería&quot;...?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-01T12:31:12.010" Score="3" ViewCount="447" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caló&lt;/strong&gt; aparece definido en distintos diccionarios, desde el de Castro y Rossi [1852]:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dialecto carcelero o gitanesco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;como en los de la RAE:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Jerga que hablan los &lt;strong&gt;rufianes&lt;/strong&gt; y gitanos. &lt;code&gt;[1884]&lt;/code&gt;    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lenguaje o dialecto de los gitanos. &lt;code&gt;[1914]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lenguaje o dialecto de los gitanos &lt;strong&gt;adoptado en parte por la gente del pueblo bajo&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;code&gt;[1925 - 1956]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lenguaje o dialecto de los gitanos. &lt;code&gt;[1970 - 1983]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lenguaje de los gitanos &lt;strong&gt;españoles&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;code&gt;[1989, 1992]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hasta el actual &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6qTMDHZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caló&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al caló. &lt;em&gt;Léxico caló.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Variedad del romaní que hablan los gitanos &lt;strong&gt;de España, Francia y Portugal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ninguna de las entradas de los diccionarios se hace una referencia a la etimología de la palabra, salvo en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6qTMDHZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;edición actual&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del caló &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; 'negro'.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es una etimología que me parece llamativa: que se aplique para designar a la lengua una palabra que en esa lengua significa &lt;strong&gt;negro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado ninguna etimología en el &quot;Diccionario general etimologico de la lengua española&quot; de Dios Echegaray, y ni siquiera aparece la palabra &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; en el &quot;Diccionario de argot español o lenguaje jergal&quot; de Luis Besses.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Corominas se indica escuetamente &quot;Del gitano &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; 'gitano', que parece tener más lógica que lo recogido por la RAE.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna otra etimología? ¿Por qué la RAE indica esa extraña etimología frente a la de Corominas, tras más de un siglo sin recoger ninguna?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19397" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T10:35:40.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T12:11:38.287" Title="Etimología de &quot;caló&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;caló&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26764" CreationDate="2018-07-01T12:58:48.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eso sí [que] sería magia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso el condicionial (&lt;em&gt;sería&lt;/em&gt;) porque ahorita X y Y están en el nivel&#xA;de contemplar.  (Después de una demostración, podrías decir Eso sí&#xA;es magia.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso &quot;eso&quot; en lugar de &quot;esto&quot; por lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uso &lt;em&gt;magia&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;mágico&lt;/em&gt; porque &quot;magia&quot; es un término más general;&#xA;&quot;mágico&quot; me da más la idea de la varita mágica y la transformación&#xA;de calabaza en carroza.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso [sí que] es lo que se llama magia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eso [sí que] es lo que yo llamo magia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eso sí lo llamo magia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eso sí se puede llamar magia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eso es lo que se llama magia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te refieres a un truco que has demostrado, puedes decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso es magia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si estás revelando las técnicas que permiten lograr el truco, puedes decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es la magia [de algo].  Por ejemplo &quot;Esa es la magia del cálculo&#xA;  diferencial.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-01T13:12:32.427" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T13:12:32.427" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26771" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26772" CreationDate="2018-07-02T15:21:45.843" Score="3" ViewCount="1015" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dice la canción de tuna &lt;em&gt;Clavelitos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo te daré un cascabel&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Te lo prometo, mocita&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si tú me das esa miel&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que llevas en la boquita&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&lt;em&gt;Un cascabel&lt;/em&gt; a cambio de un beso? ¿Hay otros significados de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;cascabel&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19735" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T17:15:45.947" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T06:46:22.877" Title="¿Qué significado tiene &quot;cascabel&quot; en &quot;Yo te daré un cascabel / te lo prometo, mocita...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26771" CreationDate="2018-07-02T21:42:13.163" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El contraste de &lt;em&gt;cascabel&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;clavel&lt;/em&gt; aparece en una otra canción de Joselito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Doce cascabeles lleva mi caballo por la carretera&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y un par de claveles al pelo prendío lleva mi romera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Doce Cascabeles&lt;/em&gt;, Joselito (1956)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí parece tener plena interpretación literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(advertencia: lo siguiente es pura especulación freudiana)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, hay precedentes de canciones de la misma época (interpretadas por artistas jóvenes) que contienen ciertos 'eufemismos' (ej. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_sucettes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les sucettes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según este libro, hay una tradición de usar &lt;em&gt;cascabeles&lt;/em&gt; como un eufemismo para los testículos en las canciones españolas y latinoamericanas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... ahora, a intentar descifrar unos pocos de los símbolos eróticos, de las metáforas genitales, de los eufemismos mucho o poco velados, que afloran en la gran mayoría de estas cancioncillas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es más que obvio que los &lt;em&gt;cascabelinos&lt;/em&gt; y los &lt;em&gt;cascabelones&lt;/em&gt; cuyo sospechoso&#xA;  repiqueteo llena nuestra canción aluden eufemísticamente a los testículos&#xA;  masculinos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las siguientes cancioncillas terminarán de probar que el de los cascabeles es un tipo de eufemismo que cuenta con amplia tradición en puntos muy diversos de la geografía folclórica española e hispanoamericana, tal y como ya sugería la canción que comentamos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si él [sic] del cascabel ha resultado ser un muy reconocible eufemismo genital masculino...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.edu/26444549/El_lenguaje_y_sus_m%C3%A1scaras_met%C3%A1fora_tab%C3%BA_y_eufemismo_en_una_colecci%C3%B3n_de_cantos_prohibidos_asturianos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El lenguaje y sus máscaras: metáfora, tabú y eufemismo en una colección de cantos prohibidos asturianos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Jesús Suárez López, Fernando Ornosa Fernández&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por extensión, puede ser que aquí se use &lt;em&gt;cascabel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; para referirse al órgano sexual masculino generalmente, en contraste con la &lt;em&gt;boquita&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;clavel&lt;/em&gt; que pueda tener una interpretación femenina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... las referencias... a la boquita (32) (vagina): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la inseparable doble acepción del término clavel vuelve a tomar carta de naturaleza en esta ocasión, hasta el punto de convertirse en un vocablo sustituto de parte del cuerpo femenino que la decencia hace que pase por innominada...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así ocurre cuando al clavel, símbolo genésico femenino...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-retrato-erotico-femenino-en-el-cancionero-extremeno-1-son-tus-muslos-dos-columnas/html/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El retrato erótico femenino en el cancionero extremeño: 1. &quot;son tus muslos dos columnas&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; , José María Dominguez Moreno (cervantesvirtual.com)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Si consideramos la transcripción de la letra más común «&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;cascabel&lt;/em&gt;»&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-03T06:46:22.877" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T06:46:22.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26774" CreationDate="2018-07-03T12:13:03.417" Score="2" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo hace poco un libro sobre historias de la Guerra Civil española escrito en 1937: &lt;em&gt;A sangre y fuego. Héroes, bestias y mártires de España&lt;/em&gt;, de Manuel Chaves Nogales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En él hay un capítulo que narra los bombardeos sobre la población de Madrid y la gran cantidad de muertos que producían. Me resultó curioso que el título de esta parte fuera &lt;em&gt;Massacre&lt;/em&gt;, con cursiva y dos eses. Es decir, tomándolo directamente como palabra extranjera, en particular del francés &lt;em&gt;massacre&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/massacre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de posible origen latino&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE lo definen así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWHSjcM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;masacre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del fr. massacre.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Matanza de personas, por lo general indefensas, producida por ataque armado o causa parecida.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Había oído con frecuencia relativa la palabra &lt;em&gt;masacre&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que me sorprendió descubrir que hace relativamente tan poco tiempo que se incorporó al castellano. Mirando en el Mapa de diccionarios veo que no es hasta 1992 que se incluye (la anterior es 1925).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, la pregunta es: ¿en qué momento se introdujo? Y teniendo en cuenta que de masacres el mundo ya estaba lleno por aquel entonces, ¿qué término era el más común para referirse a ellas anteriormente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T14:36:33.387" Title="¿Cuándo se introdujo &quot;masacre&quot; en el castellano? ¿Qué termino se utilizaba antes?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26773" CreationDate="2018-07-03T14:30:55.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el NTLLE se recoge su uso desde la edición de 1984 del DLE, con la definición de &quot;matanza de personas por lo general indefensas&quot;. Sin embargo, si buscamos &lt;em&gt;massacre&lt;/em&gt; con las dos &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; se encuentran un par de referencias: una en el Minsheu de 1617 y otra en el Stevens de 1706, que traduce la palabra com &quot;slaughter&quot;, lo que no deja lugar a dudas de su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no encuentro casos de &lt;em&gt;massacre&lt;/em&gt; en textos del CORDE allá por los siglos XVII o XVIII. Para el caso de &lt;em&gt;masacre&lt;/em&gt;, el texto más antiguo es precisamente de 1937, como tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En holocausto sagrado,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ante la masacre infecta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  del fascismo, entregaré&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mi sangre de gotas férvidas.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Hernández, &quot;Pastor de la muerte. Drama en cuatro actos&quot;, 1937 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usando NGram de momento el texto más antiguo que usa &lt;em&gt;masacre&lt;/em&gt; es de 1920, aunque hay algunos anteriores que hacen mención al río Masacre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya apunta Gorpik, su sustituto es &lt;em&gt;matanza&lt;/em&gt;, documentada desde el Diccionario de Autoridades y encontrada en textos de hasta el siglo XIII, dado que su significado carece de ese matiz de indefensión de la víctima, aunque también se podía usar con ese sentido, como se ve en este ejemplo que aparece en el citado diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mandó el Padre Joseph a los Indios, que no prosiguiessen la &lt;em&gt;matanza&lt;/em&gt; de los monos, sino que se contentassen con gozar del ridiculo espectaculo que hacian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E pues este rrey tan poderoso vio andar a don Hector en la batalla faziendo muy grand matanza [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Historia troyana en prosa y verso&quot;, c1270 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-03T14:36:33.387" LastActivityDate="2018-07-03T14:36:33.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-03T15:01:49.063" Score="1" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de soltar &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/charliealejo/status/1014134342505951233&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el siguiente tuit&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tipos de programador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mesías: nadie entiende su código pero te dice que tengas fe en que su código funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El científico: nadie entiende su código pero sus pruebas demuestran que funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El literato: da tanto gusto leer su código que qué más da que funcione o no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy intentando explicar que la clasificación expuesta se hace en base a la legibilidad y ¿demostrabilidad? del código que cada uno escribe, pero no sé si &lt;em&gt;demostrabilidad&lt;/em&gt; es la palabra correcta. Está formada como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CAjNzMR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demostrable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BotFPGe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-bilidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero no sé si expresa el sentido completo de &quot;cualidad de poder ser demostrado que funciona como debe hacerlo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una palabra mejor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-05-21T16:56:52.460" Title="Sustantivo para la cualidad de un código de poder ser demostrado que funciona como debe hacerlo" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-03T15:03:56.253" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm listening to Language Transfer for Spanish and on one lesson he was saying &amp;quot;Lo esperaba&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;You were waiting (formal)&amp;quot; and then the next lesson he was talking about &amp;quot;Usted quemaba (formal)&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;You were burning&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the verbs are different but I was wondering about the structure of &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;Lo&lt;/em&gt; usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear; would &amp;quot;Usted esperaba&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Lo esperaba&amp;quot; be the same thing? Different? Or even possible? Same for &amp;quot;Lo quemaba (la cena)&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Usted quemaba (la cena)&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He didn't use all these words but I'm wondering about Lo (formal you) vs Usted. Is one a direct/indirect object and the other a clarifier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could I combine the two to make &amp;quot;Usted lo esperaba?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14580" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-04-06T15:15:27.787" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T15:15:27.787" Title="&quot;Usted quemaba&quot; vs. &quot;Lo esperaba&quot;" Tags="&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26777" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-03T16:52:14.940" Score="4" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question regarding double negation using '(no) hay' and 'ningún/ninguna'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay &lt;strong&gt;ningún&lt;/strong&gt; turista en el hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay &lt;strong&gt;ningún&lt;/strong&gt; hotel en esta calle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why do you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Santa Marta &lt;strong&gt;no hay&lt;/strong&gt; aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Santa Marta &lt;strong&gt;no hay ningún&lt;/strong&gt; aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is the latter as well correct? Another example: Are both sentences correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi barrio &lt;strong&gt;no hay&lt;/strong&gt; metro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi barrio &lt;strong&gt;no hay ningún&lt;/strong&gt; metro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if yes, is there a difference in meaning (I guess not)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19736" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T08:56:14.563" Title="How does double negation using '(no) hay' and 'ningún/ninguna' work?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13497" CreationDate="2018-07-03T18:22:57.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Sinaloa (en el norte de México):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ándale muchacho ( &quot;Ponte en acción&quot; muchacho,  parecido al &quot;DALE&quot; usado por los españoles.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ándale no seas así por favor.. (Usado más para pedir un favor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡¡¡ Ándale !!! ( !! Dios Mio= Oh My god = Valgame Dios) como expresión de asombro.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19742" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T00:29:19.603" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T00:29:19.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26776" CreationDate="2018-07-03T23:37:50.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Spanish and I had never seen &quot;Usted quemaba&quot; with that meaning before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's more, I can't find any reference to your meaning among the many possible definitions of &quot;quemar&quot; in DRAE. I think it's wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Edit:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Well the full example sentence in the podcast that was being used was &quot;&lt;em&gt;Usted quemaba la cena&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That changes it all a lot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It &quot;means&quot; that you're burning the dinner, in the sense that you're &quot;letting the dinner burn&quot;. The host is awaiting for the guest before taking the turkey out of the oven. The trkey may burn inside if the guest is too late.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a rare sentence though, at least in Spain. It might be common in America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I find it a little impolite, because it's blaming the guest for the dinner to be burnt, but the host is actually guilty because he should have got the turkey outside anyways. However, the sentence is very likely to be said in a funny way, joking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2018-08-14T11:51:00.500" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T11:51:00.500" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26777" CreationDate="2018-07-03T23:42:27.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, both are correct, and their meaning is pretty much the same, but there are some nuances:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En Santa Marta no hay Aeropuerto&lt;/em&gt; = There is no airport in Santa Marta = There is not an airport there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En Santa Marta no hay &lt;strong&gt;ningún&lt;/strong&gt; aeropuerto&lt;/em&gt; = There isn't &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; airport in Santa Marta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, including &quot;&lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt;&quot; denotes &quot;possible existence of more than one&quot;. There isn't any airport, but there could be one, or two, or three (hopefully not haha).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, not including &quot;&lt;em&gt;ningún&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is more usual for cases in which there is usually only one object. &quot;There is no airport&quot;. It's something that can exist or not, but you don't think of the possibility of having more than one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T03:13:38.767" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T03:13:38.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13497" CreationDate="2018-07-04T00:47:52.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Material suplementario:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa en México para estas situaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) A se está esforzando por entender algo.  Después de un diálogo con B, y cierto esfuerzo, A formula una hipótesis, por ejemplo, &quot;O sea que la política anti-inmigración de Trump salió favoreciendo la izquierda en las elecciones mexicanas?&quot;  B puede responder con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ándale, eso es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(O si le hable de usted a B, entonces diría más bien &quot;Ándele.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere decir &quot;Sí, ya captaste la idea.  Muy bien.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) A le hace una propuesta a B, por ejemplo, &quot;¿Por qué no aprovechamos las vacaciones escolares para hacer una visita a Lugar X?&quot;  Si a B le parece una idea genial, le puede responder&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ándale, sí, por qué no.  Vamos, pues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se le pone el &quot;le&quot; al final?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una costumbre muy común en el lenguaje informal en México, para muchas expresiones, por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Órale.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Quiúbole.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Válgame dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos ideas sobre esto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es una imitación de expresiones que &lt;em&gt;requieren&lt;/em&gt; el &quot;le&quot;, porque suenan bien, como por ejemplo &quot;Dígale&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuando uno quiere tratar de persuadir a alguien de algo, se usa lenguaje así: &quot;Límpiame el patio, por favor,&quot; lo cual quiere decir &lt;em&gt;Hazme el favor de limpiar el patio.&lt;/em&gt;  Ahí el &quot;me&quot; al final &lt;em&gt;personaliza&lt;/em&gt; la expresión.  Creo que de la misma manera, agregar un &quot;le&quot; al final ejerce cierta presión, cierta insinuación, como &quot;por favorcito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T00:47:52.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26777" CreationDate="2018-07-04T01:27:22.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you say (a) &amp;quot;En Santa Marta no hay aeropuerto&amp;quot; instead of (b) &amp;quot;En Santa Marta no hay ningún aeropuerto,&amp;quot; or is the latter correct as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, one would most often say (a) &lt;em&gt;En Santa Marta no hay aeropuerto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it would be natural to include &amp;quot;ningún/ninguna&amp;quot; in cases that require emphasis.  For example, let's say two travel agents are arguing about whether Santa Marta has &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; airport or &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt;.  Let's imagine now that a native of Santa Marta happens to be visiting their office, and is sitting waiting his turn to speak with Travel Agent #3.  This visitor might correct them by saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy de Santa Marta, y les puedo asegurar que en Santa Marta no hay ningún aeropuerto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm from Santa Marta, myself, and I can assure you that there are no airports in Santa Marta.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common uses of &lt;em&gt;ningún/ninguno/ninguna&lt;/em&gt; are a bit different from your sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ningún hotel en esta calle te cobrará muy caro.  Todos son buenos y económicos.  No dudes en quedarte en cualquiera de ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No hotel in this block will charge you an arm and a leg.  They are all nice hotels, economically priced.  I can recommend any of them to you without hesitation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ninguno te dirá otra cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No one will tell you otherwise.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T01:27:22.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26776" CreationDate="2018-07-04T02:32:48.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spanish allows one to omit the subject when the context makes things clear.  Presumably, the author of your lesson had set up a situation where the subject was clearly implied for the sentence &quot;Lo esperaba.&quot;  The subject here might have been &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; (he), &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; (she) or &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; ([formal] you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; isn't a subject pronoun, it's an &lt;em&gt;object&lt;/em&gt; pronoun meaning &lt;em&gt;him&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;[formal] you&lt;/em&gt;.  So, &quot;Lo esperaba&quot; might mean, for example, &quot;You were waiting for him.&quot;  You are right that it would be formal, in this case -- the informal would have been &quot;Lo esperaba&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  But in both cases, &lt;em&gt;the subject is omitted, that is, it is &lt;strong&gt;implied&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence you constructed, &quot;Usted lo esperaba?&quot; is correct and natural.  What we have there is an &lt;em&gt;explicit&lt;/em&gt; subject (&lt;em&gt;[formal] you&lt;/em&gt;), and an object pronoun.  (We would need to see the context to know exactly which English pronoun this &quot;lo&quot; corresponds to.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T02:32:48.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26775" CreationDate="2018-07-04T10:53:12.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si la idea es probar o demostrar que algo funcionará tal como se debe, pues tenemos una palabra ya existente en castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UDu5ucA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;probabilidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Cualidad de &lt;em&gt;probable&lt;/em&gt; (‖ que se verificará o sucederá).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existe otra, pero está registrado en el DLE como jerga de filosofía (como antónimo de &lt;em&gt;falsabilidad&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que a lo mejor no su uso no está tan extendido, pero como la programación es algo de lógica y por extensión filosofía, podría valer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=beCuYoj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verificabilidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. &lt;em&gt;Fil.&lt;/em&gt; Cualidad de verificable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;demonstrabilidad&lt;/strong&gt; se usa aunque sin quedar registrado en el DLE (pero sí en otros), pero echando una mirada a sus usos en Google Books, me parece que también aceptable.  A fin de cuentas, creo que hay poca diferencia entre lo que es &lt;em&gt;probable&lt;/em&gt;, lo que es &lt;em&gt;verificable&lt;/em&gt; y lo que es &lt;em&gt;demonstrable&lt;/em&gt; siempre que la idea sea hacer constancia de hace lo que se espera que haga (obviamente, entre sus otros usos se distinguen más). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T11:11:59.380" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T11:11:59.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-04T12:39:12.733" Score="4" ViewCount="1324" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/14/album/1521044858_543388.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo de El País&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no sabías que en esta frase [&quot;sábado sabadete, camisa nueva y polvete&quot;] &quot;sabadete&quot; no es un diminutivo de sábado, no te fustigues. Aunque es lógico llegar a esa conclusión, esta vez la lógica nos tiende una trampa. En el siglo XVII &quot;sabadete&quot; surgió de juntar las palabras &quot;sábado&quot; y &quot;siete&quot; y hacía referencia a cualquier sábado que caía en día siete. Conjunción que se da dos veces al año y que según una superstición judía era idónea para dedicar esa jornada a elaborar polvos de talco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He intentado buscar alguna referencia a esto, pero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni la palabra &quot;sabadete&quot; aparece en diccionarios pasados ni presentes,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ni existen casos de &quot;sabadete&quot; en el CORDE, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;los casos que aparecen en NGram y la hemeroteca de la BNE son del siglo XX, y hacen referencia al dicho &quot;sábado sabadete&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego ¿en qué se ha basado el autor del artículo para afirmar eso? ¿Hay algún documento del siglo XVII o alrededores que haga alusión a este origen de &quot;sabadete&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T17:02:00.620" Title="¿Viene realmente la palabra &quot;sabadete&quot; de &quot;sábado&quot; + &quot;siete&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26786" CreationDate="2018-07-04T13:47:54.160" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La fuente es este artículo &lt;strong&gt;satírico&lt;/strong&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://emitologias.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emitologias.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(&amp;quot;Explicaciones &lt;strong&gt;mitológicas&lt;/strong&gt; para cotidianas expresiones&amp;quot;)&lt;/em&gt; de 2013:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVII “sabadete” no era un diminutivo de “sábado” sino una palabra compuesta que se refería al “sábado siete”, o sea, cualquier sábado que cayera en el día 7 del mes. Según una superstición judía (Sabbath Setth) muy difundida en la época, esta conjunción (que se da unas dos veces al año), era propicia para preparar el polvo de talco, que adquiría mayores propiedades. Para celebrar este día, la tradición decía que médicos y farmacéuticos debían preparabar el talco con una camisa nueva. El significado sexual de la expresión llegó más tarde a raíz de la difusión del uso de polvo de talco por parte de las prostitutas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20140718035120/http://emitologias.com/2013/11/16/sabado-sabadete-camisa-nueva-y-polvete-origen/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://emitologias.com/2013/11/16/sabado-sabadete-camisa-nueva-y-polvete-origen/&lt;/a&gt; (página archivada)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sitio web original ya no existe, pero como dice &lt;a href=&quot;http://culturainquieta.com/es/inspiring/item/6000-sabado-sabadete-camisa-nueva-y-polvete-el-origen-de-la-expresion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otro articulo&lt;/a&gt; citándolo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No es una historia real, aunque bien podría serlo. Es un estupendo juego literario de &lt;a href=&quot;http://emitologias.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emitologías.com&lt;/a&gt;. También están en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/emitologias?fref=ts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T17:02:00.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26775" CreationDate="2018-07-04T22:04:05.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fidelidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La clasificación se hace a base de la legibilidad y la fidelidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(O &quot;en base a&quot; como dijiste tú.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este término (&quot;fidelity&quot;) la aprendí en el entorno de la educación especial. Se habla de que si se está implementando el plan (&lt;em&gt;Individualized Educational Program&lt;/em&gt;, o &lt;em&gt;IEP&lt;/em&gt;) con fidelidad (o sea, al pie de la letra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T22:04:05.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26933" CreationDate="2018-07-05T01:47:18.343" Score="3" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una canción del cantante chileno Felo llamada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLQLoHguco8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las tretas de Lorena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se busca hacer un conjunto de rimas picarescas. El objetivo es un juego de palabras con un &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.albumcancionyletra.com/las-tretas-de-lorena_de_felo___43288.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doble sentido en las rimas&lt;/a&gt;, aunque algunas están con chilenismos, lo que evita que se pueda entender para todo el resto del mundo hispano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En particular, son cuatro los versos cuya rima no alcanzo a entender y me gustaría saber cuáles serían las palabras 'originales' (las malas palabras ocultas en la canción)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé qué me pasa, que estoy como loco&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me duele el alma, me duelen los... ojos (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...) Cuando te marchaste mi ser quedó roto&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo anhelo tus manos, tus labios, tu... rostro (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...) Para demostrar que sin ti mi alma es nula&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  te ofrezco entera toda mi... fortuna (...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (...) Cuando pasa el tiempo que todo lo borra&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ya no seguiré persiguiendo tu... sombra (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T01:53:19.700" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T23:21:29.917" Title="¿Qué palabras se ocultan en las rimas de la canción &quot;Las tretas de Lorena&quot;?" Tags="&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;humor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26790" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-05T02:26:15.463" Score="1" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started a food joint with the name of 'La Cocinero', instead of 'El cocinero'. I realized it is wrong now but how offensive or wrong on the use of 'la cocinero'? It will cost me so much to change and of course it will make us unprofessional to keep if it doesn't make sense or offensive to Spanish speaking society. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I safe myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19748" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T10:05:44.557" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T17:56:07.590" Title="Wrongly used &quot;La cocinero&quot; instead of &quot;el cocinero&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26790" CreationDate="2018-07-05T05:30:19.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first sight, I would assume it's some kind of wordplay... or that the owners didn't know better (pun intended :-)). Doesn't sound offensive to my native-spanish-speaking ears. It's not like getting something wrong will be BAD... ask google, for example. ;-) So.. my advice: Find some funny way to work around the (honest) mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19722" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T05:30:19.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26497" CreationDate="2018-07-05T06:04:25.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En diferentes zonas vas a encontrar diferentes formas de llamarlas, probablemente usen alguna palabra local que sea equivalente a &lt;strong&gt;gemelos&lt;/strong&gt; o alguna referencia cómica (como hacemos en Maracaibo, Venezuela). Podrías decir &quot;gemelos&quot;, pero suena muy formal. En Venezuela diríamos &quot;&lt;strong&gt;morochos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;... pero, por lo menos en Maracaibo, lo asociaríamos con &quot;Gaiteros&quot; (cantantes y músicos que ejecutan gaita zuliana, una forma tradicional de música donde los ejecutantes normalmente lo hacen uniformados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que podrías escuchar algo como &quot;Hey.... tu morocho está del otro lado de la oficina, ¿no lo habéis visto?&quot; (así, a la usanza castellana de hace como 1000 años). O, si los vemos uno al lado del otro, les preguntaríamos que cuándo o dónde es el próximo concierto del conjunto de gaitas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy seguro de que en otras zonas hacen exactamente lo mismo pero con palabras y asociaciones locales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that in different areas people will probably tend to use some local word that is equivalent to twins &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; (as we usually do in Maracaibo, Venezuela) will come up with some funny/clever way to relate with other people that dress the same way. So... &quot;Gemelos&quot; is a possibility, but it's too formal, I think. So... in Venezuela: Morochos (that's &quot;twins&quot; in venezuela... then we derived it into &quot;tripochos&quot; for triplets). &quot;Parecen morochos&quot;. &quot;Hey, por ahí anda tu morocho en el otro lado de la oficina&quot;... but, what we will do specifically in Maracaibo is mock the persons involved as if they were &quot;gaiteros&quot; (people who play &quot;Gaita Zuliana&quot;, a traditional form of music and where all people normally dress in uniform to play). You see them standing next to each other and you ask them when or where the next Gaita concert will be. I'm sure in other places they pull the same trick but with different words and associations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19722" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T06:42:52.600" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T06:42:52.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-05T07:23:08.790" Score="3" ViewCount="2699" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viniendo para el trabajo en coche he visto una furgoneta de una empresa que anunciaba lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Detección de fugas de agua &quot;sin obras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sigue el patrón de resaltado que he visto algunas veces, como un cartel que vi en una finca que ponía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Prohibido&quot; aparcar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto en la furgoneta imagino que quería recalcar el hecho de que no hacen obras, aunque a mí la sensación que me produce es que el texto en realidad quiere decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Detección de fugas de agua sin obras, o casi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el texto de la finca me parece que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te podemos legalmente prohibir que aparques, pero por favor no lo hagas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se basa en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=comillas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo del DPD sobre las comillas&lt;/a&gt;, que recoge su uso para delimitar textos de estilo irónico, palabras impropias o dobles sentidos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suponiendo que la empresa realmente garantiza que no hacen obras, y que lo que querían era resaltar el texto, ¿recomiendan la RAE, Fundéu o similares este uso de las comillas en algún caso? Si no, ¿cuál es la alternativa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T08:53:29.653" Title="¿Se pueden usar las comillas para resaltar?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26793" CreationDate="2018-07-05T08:44:09.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que sí es el uso (a veces dicho prescriptivamente &lt;a href=&quot;https://comohacerunensayobien.com/uso-de-las-comillas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incorrecto&lt;/a&gt;) de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scare_quotes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comillas irónicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://boards.straightdope.com/sdmb/showthread.php?t=682713&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; para enfatizar una palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) Para enfatizar una palabra.&lt;/strong&gt; La utilización en textos de palabras entrecomilladas como las vistas en los ejemplos de carteles es cada vez más habitual. El escritor quiere remarcar una palabra y &lt;strong&gt;en lugar de utilizar negrita o un subrayado&lt;/strong&gt; usa las comillas de un modo incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;La nueva Miss Mundo es realmente “guapa” sobre todo si la comparamos con las candidatas de otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y que las opciones &quot;kosher&quot; serían negritas, cursiva, subrayas, o mayúsculas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, Fundéu dice esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Funciones básicas de la cursiva&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las principales funciones de la cursiva son de énfasis&lt;/strong&gt; y para señalarle al lector que un sintagma o una palabra común puede resultarle ajena por ser un&#xA;  neologismo, formar parte de una jerga o argot, adoptar una forma incorrecta&#xA;  o funcionar como metalenguaje, es decir, no formar parte del discurso con el&#xA;  sentido propio de las palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Comillas como alternativa&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando aplicar la cursiva no es técnicamente factible, pueden usarse comillas.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  En textos manuscritos es costumbre aplicar un subrayado, y en internet&#xA;  no es raro delimitar el texto con _ o con /.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/CursivasGuiaFundeu.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/CursivasGuiaFundeu.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T08:53:29.653" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T08:53:29.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2018-07-05T09:59:26.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Canarias es muy común el uso de &quot;usted&quot; hasta en situaciones totalmente informales. Cuando viajo a cualquier otra provincia española siempre surge la duda de por qué trato de &quot;usted&quot; y siempre tengo que explicar que no se trata de un formalismo en si.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19750" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T09:59:26.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26790" CreationDate="2018-07-05T12:52:46.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it is, it makes no sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grammatical gender is a very strong thing in Spanish, everything has a gender and everyone is extremely used to it.&#xA;I think you could compare it to the error in the phrase &quot;many dog&quot;, since &lt;em&gt;many&lt;/em&gt; denotes plurality but &lt;em&gt;dog&lt;/em&gt; is singular, it is wrong. The same goes for grammatical gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorDisplayName="user19397" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T14:50:12.610" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T14:50:12.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-05T13:04:31.300" Score="9" ViewCount="1964" Body="&lt;p&gt;In French, there is a very specific phenomenon called &quot;liaison&quot;, where words may be pronounced differently when combined with another word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Spanish, let's take the letter &quot;d&quot; as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a strong &quot;d&quot; (more like the english one), and there is a soft one (more like &quot;th&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a words begins with &quot;d&quot;, or after &quot;n&quot; and &quot;l&quot;, the rule says it's a strong one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In every other case, it'll be a soft one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now, here's the question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a strong &quot;d&quot;: &lt;em&gt;dos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a soft &quot;d&quot;: &lt;em&gt;cada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cada dos semanas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the second &quot;d&quot;? Is it a strong one, or a soft one? I'm a bit confused. I'm almost sure that when combined... what I'm hearing (at Granada, Spain) is a soft sound - although I haven't read any such rule anywhere...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this also happen with other consonants? E.g. &quot;r&quot;, &quot;b&quot;/&quot;v&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T09:57:48.040" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T15:35:15.730" Title="Is there &quot;liaison&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2018-07-05T13:34:25.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;strong&gt;Bogotá, Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;, es demasiado frecuente el &quot;ustedear&quot; de hombre a hombre bajo casi toda circunstancia. Tanto que incluso para mí, bogotano de nacimiento, es demasiado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que conozcas a una persona desde hace muchísimo tiempo, que sea tu mejor amigo y se tengan muchísima confianza; aún así, el tutearse de hombre a hombre es mal visto socialmente en Bogotá. De manera general, los hombres solo tutean a las mujeres (respetando las mismas circunstancias de edad, jerarquía, clase económica, etc que tú mencionaste). En lo personal, el único hombre que tuteo estando en Bogotá es mi padre, y sé que muchos otros hombres bogotanos no lo harían con sus padres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que en varias regiones y ciudades de Colombia existe este mismo fenómeno, pero no a la misma escala, como en Santander, Boyacá, Tolima, Pasto y la totalidad de la región Andina. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Medellín o Cali, por ejemplo, hay mucha gente que &quot;vosea&quot;, lo que reduce el &quot;ustedeo&quot;. El vosear es visto, al menos en Colombia, como algo más informal y cercano al &quot;tutear&quot;. Bogotá es entonces para mí una de las ciudades más afectadas por el &quot;ustedeo&quot;, ves niños de seis y siete años &quot;ustedear&quot; a sus amigos de barrio cuando juegan fútbol en los parques; nunca escucharas un &quot;tú&quot; entre dos hombres en un colegio y rara vez en una universidad, jamás podrás &quot;tutear&quot; a tus mejores amigos y lo mismo puede ocurrir entre un grupo de niñas, aunque es menos frecuente... en fin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy raro escuchar a un hombre tutear a otro hombre. Cuando sucede es muy frecuente que sea la persona mayor o en una posición jerárquica más alta quien tutea a una persona menor o con menos poder, o que sea una persona adinerada quien tutea, sin que sea correspondido. Muchas veces, los hombres homosexuales también tutean a todo el mundo, razón por la cual (en mi opinión) muchos hombres heterosexuales evitan de utilizar el &quot;tú&quot; en la práctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas una ciudad bien &quot;usteadera&quot;, esa es &lt;strong&gt;Bogotá&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14803" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-11-23T15:21:12.693" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T15:21:12.693" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2018-07-05T14:03:17.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Lenition in Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This phenomenon is known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lenition&lt;/a&gt;, and is not exactly the same as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_(French)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;liaison&lt;/a&gt; in French - which is a form of external &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sandhi&lt;/a&gt; (across word boundaries) which is viable depending on the syntactic environment. In contrast, lenition in Spanish is an allophonic rule dependent on syllable boundaries - it occurs within words as well as between them - and occurs independent of syntactic environment (though it is conditioned by intonational phrase)&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second 'd' in your example will probably&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; realise as a [ð], since it occurs intervocally.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, in addition to /d/, there are also contextual stop vs. approximant/fricative allophones for &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23686/18348&quot;&gt;/b/, /g/, and /ʝ/&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Sandhi proper in Spanish&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are examples of external sandhi in some dialects of Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puerto Rican&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An example of an external sandhi rule in Spanish is the deletion of word-final stressed [a] in a verb form whenever it precedes a mid vowel. This is common in Puerto Rican dialect.&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; Kaisse argues that word-final stressed [a] may delete only if it is contained in a verb. This deletion rule is necessarily a sandhi rule because its structural description requires syntactic information, i.e. knowledge of the grammatical category “verb”...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The following data illustrate how the deletion rule applies in verbs, but fails in nouns and adverbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fLieX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fLieX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6 This deletion process must not be confused with a more general variety of /a/-deletion, which targets any &lt;em&gt;unstressed&lt;/em&gt; /a/ before any vowel, across a word boundary, and is common in many Latin American dialects.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://roa.rutgers.edu/files/292-0199/292-0199-MORRIS-7-0.PDF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;STYLISTIC VARIATION IN SPANISH PHONOLOGY&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.13-14)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Western Andalusian&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... in Western Andalusia, where there is no vocalic contrast between singular and plural forms, the alternation of consonants has come to have morphophonemic status in the noun (and elsewhere): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/la 'bota/ &quot;boot&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  /la φota/ &quot;boots&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/lo de'ma/ &quot;the rest (of it)&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  /lo θelma/ &quot;the rest (of them)&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/la 'gota/ &quot;drop&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  /la 'xota/&lt;sup&gt;~&lt;/sup&gt; /la 'hota/ &quot;drops&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=TEYxt7DIhNgC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sandhi Phenomena in the Languages of Europe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.491-492)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/sandhir.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/sandhir.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. In careful or emphatic speech it may realise as [d] though, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_ref-obstruyentes_oclusivas_1-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;see&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;/b d g/ en sílaba trabada se pronuncian [β̞ ð̞ ɣ̞] pueden realizarse enfáticamente como [b d g]; obturar [o̞β̞tuˈɾa̠ɾ]~[o̞btuˈɾa̠ɾ], admirar [a̠ð̞miˈɾa̠ɾ]~[a̠dmiˈɾa̠ɾ], asignar [a̠siɣ̞ˈna̠ɾ]~[a̠sigˈna̠ɾ].&lt;/sup&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-10T17:48:37.943" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T17:48:37.943" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6883" CreationDate="2018-07-05T15:28:13.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they are pronounced as follows (for &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; speakers replace the /θ/ with /s/):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7ZCOD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7ZCOD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;qua, quo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt; only appear in some set Latin phrases and unnativised English loanwords:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;exequatur, nequaquam, quadrivium, quater, sine qua non&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;quad, quark, quasar, squash&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* &lt;code&gt;gwo, cuo&lt;/code&gt; very rare:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;aguosidad, aguoso, ambiguo, antiguo, contiguo, exiguo, languor, pinguosidad, santiguo  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* &lt;code&gt;ze, zi&lt;/code&gt; very rare, mostly loanwords. The majority have &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25713/18348&quot;&gt;doublets&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;code&gt;ce, ci&lt;/code&gt; orthography.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T09:38:15.057" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T09:38:15.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-05T16:17:19.887" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;We say &quot;¿Quién eres tú?&quot; for &quot;who are you?&quot; in Spanish ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why can't we say &quot;¿Cómo eres tú?&quot; for &quot;how are you?&quot; in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eres tú&quot; means &quot;are you&quot; so why is &quot;Cómo eres tú&quot; incorrect for &quot;how are you&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19753" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T02:08:41.267" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T02:08:41.267" Title="Why not this ? How are you in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26801" CreationDate="2018-07-05T17:02:30.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing is that translating the verb &lt;strong&gt;be&lt;/strong&gt; to spanish, it has to be done with two verbs with &lt;strong&gt;different&lt;/strong&gt; meanings: &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;. And they can't be used interchangeably. If you think about it, it's a little simpler for us speaking spanish because &lt;strong&gt;como estás tú?&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;como eres tú?&lt;/strong&gt; are two completely valid questions but with completely different meanings. One could be answered &lt;strong&gt;bien&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mal&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;contento&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;molesto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;aburrido&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;dormido&lt;/strong&gt;, etc... the other one could be answered: &lt;strong&gt;inteligente&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;alto&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;bajo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;gordo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;flaco&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;parlanchín&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;cándido&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;maléfico&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if what you mean is to greet someone, you mean &lt;strong&gt;como estás tú?&lt;/strong&gt;. If you are inquiring about how the person would define him/herself, you would ask &lt;strong&gt;como eres tú?&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19722" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T17:02:30.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26790" CreationDate="2018-07-05T17:56:07.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without changing anything there's not much you can do.  There are only a few cases were a mismatched gender could potentially be correct (for example, the city &lt;em&gt;Los Lunas&lt;/em&gt; en New Mexico is so named for the Lunas &lt;em&gt;family&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is if it's from an implied but omitted main noun.  &lt;em&gt;La plaza del Cocinero&lt;/em&gt; for example could eventually (maybe) get reduced down to &lt;em&gt;La Cocinero&lt;/em&gt;.  Similarly something like &lt;em&gt;La danza del Cocinero&lt;/em&gt; could eventually get reduced down, but it's a bit of a stretch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T17:56:07.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2018-07-05T20:28:43.783" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am not a Spanish speaker, nor have I studied Spanish to any real extent. (I've done some self-study via textbooks and online apps/websites like Duolingo.) However, I know a bit about Spanish pronunciation/phonetics because I'm interested in linguistics and I have read some articles or web pages about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish has many cases where the pronunciation of the end of a word changes based on the sound at the start of the following word (or vice versa). But my understanding is that the processes involved are usually not particularly similar to French liaison; rather, in most cases, the Spanish pronunciation phenomena could be thought of as &quot;allophonic&quot; processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you've said in your question, French &quot;liaison&quot; is a very specific phenomenon that clearly involves phonological processes, and is not just a matter of allophony. For example, Wikipedia gives the example of &quot;premier étage&quot;, where /ʁ/ is pronounced, even though there is no general rule of French pronunciation that absolutely prohibits vowel-vowel sequences like /ee/ (as in &quot;cr&lt;strong&gt;ée&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) or /ɛe/ (as in &quot;beign&lt;strong&gt;et é&lt;/strong&gt;picé&quot;). And this contrasts with the pronunciation of a phrase like &quot;premier vol&quot;, where there is no /ʁ/, even though the sequence /ʁv/ is allowed in French (as in &quot;se&lt;strong&gt;rv&lt;/strong&gt;ir&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Phonologically conditioned allomorphy in Spanish&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few cases in Spanish of words having special phonological forms conditioned by the form of another word: for example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/substituting-el-for-la-3079094&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the definite article typically takes the form &quot;el&quot; when it comes directly before a feminine noun starting with a stressed /a/ sound&lt;/a&gt;, but &quot;la&quot; before other feminine nouns. But as far as I know, this kind of thing is quite rare in Spanish. Interestingly, it seems that native speakers tend not to think of this &quot;el&quot; as being just a form of the feminine article; it may &quot;feel&quot; like the masculine article is being used in this context (see the answers to the following question for more details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/44/why-is-agua-masculine-in-singular-form-and-feminine-in-plural-el-agua-la&quot;&gt;Why is &amp;quot;agua&amp;quot; masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? &amp;quot;El agua&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;Las aguas&amp;quot; &amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; decimos &amp;quot;el agua&amp;quot; si es una palabra femenina?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another somewhat similar example that I found described in this document (&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lolita.unice.fr/~scheer/papers/Hdt%20Scheer%20OCP%20Budapest.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;There is phonologically-conditioned, but not melody-conditioned allophony&lt;/a&gt;&quot;), by Tobias Scheer) is the dissimilation of the conjunction &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20177/how-do-you-determine-whether-to-use-y-or-e-for-and&quot;&gt;&quot;y&quot; /i/ to &quot;e&quot; before words starting with the sound /i/&lt;/a&gt; and of &quot;o&quot; to &quot;u&quot; before words starting with the sound /o/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Synalepha&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that does occur in Spanish especially at word boundaries is &quot; synalepha&quot;: two adjacent vowels across word boundaries tend to be pronounced in the same syllable. Vowels in this context apparently behave differently from word-internal vowels in hiatus, so I think we do have to mention word boundaries in the formulation of this rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Phrase-level allophony&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from this, many allophonic processes in Spanish apply at the (prosodic) phrase level rather than at the word level, including the allophony of &quot;d&quot; that you mentioned. See guifa's answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8254/how-should-i-pronounce-the-spanish-consonant-d&quot;&gt;How should I pronounce the Spanish consonant &amp;#39;d&amp;#39;?&lt;/a&gt; So the &quot;d&quot; in &quot;dos&quot; in &quot;cada dos semanas&quot; would usually be pronounced according to the same rules for pronouncing word-internal /d/ in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that the allophony of &quot;b/v&quot; and &quot;g&quot; follows the same general pattern: approximant or fricative allophones are used between vowels and plosive allophones are used phrase-initially or after the coda nasal. (In other consonant-consonant sequences, the rules are a little bit more complicated: for example, I have read that the heterorganic sequences &quot;lb/lv&quot; and &quot;lg&quot; are pronounced with approximant allophones, but the homorganic sequence &quot;ld&quot; is pronounced with the plosive allophone of /d/.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many parts of Spanish pronunciation vary by dialect, however, so I don't know if it's possible to give a comprehensive description of the processes that may apply. For example, the coda nasal assimilates in place to a following consonant across word boundaries in many dialects, but in others I believe it is always velar [ŋ]. I also found an abstract of an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/345199&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;article here&lt;/a&gt; that talks about dialect differences in the realization of &quot;d&quot;, &quot;b/v&quot; and &quot;g&quot; after other consonants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know too much about this following topic, but the &quot;aspiration&quot; of word-final /s/ is I believe another area where pronunciation may vary based on the following sound.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17930" LastEditorUserId="17930" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T01:05:03.393" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T01:05:03.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26807" CreationDate="2018-07-05T22:08:08.840" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write in Spanish &quot;Is this girl happy?&quot;. What I came up with is &quot;Está esta niña feliz?&quot;. It looks strange and sounds unclear, but I don't want to use &quot;Es esta niña feliz?&quot;, because this is a temporary state. Is it a right translation? Is &quot;está esta&quot; ever correct in a sentence? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19756" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T13:10:41.607" Title="Is &quot;está esta&quot; ever a valid sequence of words in a sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26805" CreationDate="2018-07-06T01:52:16.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure. Two examples in a single dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Como está esta película? - Uff!!! Esta está buenísima!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19722" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T01:52:16.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26805" CreationDate="2018-07-06T01:56:51.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your sentence might sound a little weird to your ear because this particular combination of verb and adjective isn't customary.  Most often you'll find these two arrangements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar contento/contenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ser feliz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, &amp;quot;esta&amp;quot; isn't used as often as &amp;quot;this&amp;quot; is used in English.  When it's clear from the context which girl we're talking about, we'll generally just use the definite article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está la niña contenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if possible (in other words, when the context is clear enough), we'll omit &amp;quot;la niña&amp;quot; completely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está contenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I'll tell you where one &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; see the demonstrative pronoun &lt;em&gt;esta&lt;/em&gt; used on a regular basis -- when you're distinguishing between &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;the other&lt;/em&gt;.  (Note, &amp;quot;esa&amp;quot; [&lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;] is generally avoided, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12599/9385&quot;&gt;What does &amp;quot;ese&amp;quot; mean?&lt;/a&gt;, but that's okay, &amp;quot;the other&amp;quot; [&lt;em&gt;la otra&lt;/em&gt;] works just fine when making comparisons.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, suppose we are analyzing differences between two girls based on their demeanor in a videotape of a classroom lesson and activity.  We might point out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta niña está contenta, pero la otra no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If A is wondering how B perceives the two girls, A might ask B:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está esta niña contenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, more commonly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esta niña está contenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this same scenario, perhaps B already pointed out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La niña al fondo no se ve muy contenta. [&lt;em&gt;The girl at the back doesn't look very happy.&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now, to point out the contrast, B might ask A's opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué crees, está esta niña más contenta [que la del fondo]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to work a bit to come up with a conceivable context for the question -- but it certainly is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T13:10:41.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2018-07-06T02:24:36.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I think of the concept of &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt; in French pronunciation, I think of situations like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mes amis [&lt;em&gt;my friends&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, the S in &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; is silent.  But because of the next word starting with a vowel, we &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; pronounce the S.  (It gets a Z sound there, just as in words like &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish I can't think of a single case with such a clear change, such as in &quot;mes amis.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The facet of Spanish pronunciation that I think comes closest to this is the fact that when one is pronouncing a series of short words in a sentence or sequence, one pronounces all those syllables with a &lt;em&gt;consonants come first&lt;/em&gt; policy.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ases al frente, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made this sentence up to demonstrate.  It's a little silly -- it means &quot;Aces to the front, please.&quot;  (Aces being the ones in a deck of playing cards.)  The way you will pronounce this in Spanish will be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo sa se sal fren te, por fa vor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is different from the French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt; in that none of the letters' pronunciation will be different than they would be if the word were pronounced in isolation.  However, the reason why I wrote the pronunciation with the &quot;consonants first&quot; notation will become clear to you if you &lt;em&gt;sing&lt;/em&gt; the sentence slowly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un elefante --&gt; E su ne le fan te.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the closest I can find in Spanish to what is going on with the French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the &quot;consonants first&quot; policy will help you achieve an authentic accent (pronunciation).  It will be especially helpful to get your L forward enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought of something that is closer to the French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los violines&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under normal circumstances, the S in &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; is a plain, garden variety S (unvoiced).  But under the influence of the V, a voiced consonant, it will get voiced, and this group of words will sound like &quot;loz violines&quot; -- where I'm cheating a bit and using the Z to indicate the sound of a Z in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If you're not familiar with voiced - unvoiced, you can figure out the difference with slow singing.  When the resonance pauses during the consonant, that consonant is &quot;unvoiced.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T02:44:05.560" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T02:44:05.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2018-07-06T02:40:22.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You were sort of asking several things at once.  In this answer I will focus specifically on what happens with B and V.  You asked what happens with the Ds in &quot;cada dos semanas.&quot;  I will talk about B and V instead of D because D is ridiculously subtle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English and a bunch of other languages, B is B and V is V.  But in Spanish, it all depends on where the letter appears in relation to other sounds.  If either of these letters is at the beginning of an utterance, or right after L, M, N or S, it tends to be pronounced like the B in English.  Otherwise they tend to be pronounced &quot;soft,&quot; that is, like the V in English.  However, there is regional and individual variation.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lavaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will often be pronounced as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lavava&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cien vacas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be pronounced by some as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cien bacas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a sample sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vaca no vale nada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, because &quot;vaca&quot; and &quot;vale&quot; are buried in the middle of the phrase, they will both be soft (V).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-19T15:35:15.730" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T15:35:15.730" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26397" CreationDate="2018-07-06T03:56:40.180" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De momento, solo he encontrado unos 17 nombres (algunos sin reconocimiento en el DLE ni el DAMER) del &lt;strong&gt;pavo&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pavo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guajolote&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pavipollo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chompimpe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.milenio.com/estilo/diez-cosas-que-no-sabias-sobre-los-pavos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;totol&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elsiglodedurango.com.mx/noticia/244046.pavo-guajolote-totole-pipilo-o-cocono-ahora-y-siempre.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;güilo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elsiglodedurango.com.mx/noticia/244046.pavo-guajolote-totole-pipilo-o-cocono-ahora-y-siempre.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tolote&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(mismo enlace)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elsiglodedurango.com.mx/noticia/244046.pavo-guajolote-totole-pipilo-o-cocono-ahora-y-siempre.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cócono&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(mismo enlace)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choncho&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chumpipe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gallo de la tierra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gallo de papada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pípila&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;totollín&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guanajo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-720017&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bimbo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-720017&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pisco&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(mismo enlace)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T09:03:13.787" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T09:03:13.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-06T06:56:42.500" Score="1" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Como&lt;/strong&gt; te (alejar) _____ de la orilla, no te traigo mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence is from an exercise and I guess the correct form of the verb &quot;alejar&quot; is &quot;alejas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the sentence sounds like an &quot;oración condicional&quot; and I suppose the meaning of &quot;como&quot; here is &quot;if&quot;. (If you get away from the beach, I will not bring you (with me) tomorrow.) Am I correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19757" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T09:07:08.580" LastActivityDate="2018-11-03T16:09:39.123" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;como&quot; in the 'Como te (alejar) de la orilla, no te traigo mañana'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26814" CreationDate="2018-07-06T10:16:03.877" Score="5" ViewCount="2928" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently saw the word &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=s%C3%BAbit%C3%A1neamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;súbitáneamente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, with two accent marks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this is clearly an error, which appears to originate from an OCR transcription of &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G7sNAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA1261&amp;amp;lpg=PA1261&amp;amp;dq=s%C3%BAbit%C3%A1neamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this dictionary&lt;/a&gt;, mistaking a comma on the line above for an accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, do there exist any words in Spanish with more than one diacritic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T14:39:36.437" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T14:39:36.437" Title="Are there any Spanish words with multiple accents?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;diacríticos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26812" CreationDate="2018-07-06T10:19:42.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you consider the dieresis a diacritic then yes: &lt;strong&gt;lingüística&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, because the &lt;strong&gt;´&lt;/strong&gt; marks the stressed syllable and no words (except for adverbs ending in &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;) have two stressed syllables, it's not possible to have two written &lt;strong&gt;´&lt;/strong&gt; marks, unless the word is directly imported and then should be written in italics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T10:19:42.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26812" CreationDate="2018-07-06T10:50:13.890" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Asides from words with a &lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt; and an accented stress:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;agüío, aragüirá, changüí, chigüí, chigüín, fragüín, güeldrés, güillín, güirís, güisquería, güérmeces, lengüetería, paragüería, pirgüín, sinvergüencería, yangüés, yegüería, yegüerío, zagüía, &#xA;  lingüístico, etnolingüística, metalingüístico, metalingüísticamente, psicolingüística, sociolingüístico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pedigüeñería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and words with multiple &lt;em&gt;ü&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;güegüecho, güegüenche, güergüero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are none. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even loanwords with multiple accents have this reduced to [n]one once they are nativised:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=C9ehPZB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demodé&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt; démodé &lt;code&gt;(French)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some language groups with hyphenated names where each component of the word has an accent, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_arawak_Paran%C3%A1-Mamor%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paraná-Mamoré&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_bar%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;motilón-barí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_tup%C3%AD-guaran%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tupí-guaraní&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_fulni%C3%B4-yat%C3%AA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fulniô-yatê&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; etc. But there are no such words that the RAE recognises, all similar examples only come from components with at most one accent in total e.g. &lt;em&gt;gallego-portugués&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;camito-semítico&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T10:27:50.253" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T10:27:50.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26812" CreationDate="2018-07-06T11:44:28.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In case you just mean: &quot; ´ &quot; (not &quot;ñ&quot;!!)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, there is NOT a Spanish word with more than one accent. The maximum is one accent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is because the accent marks the emphasis of a word - in Spanish you ALWAYS just emphasize one syllable per word - so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maximum ONE emphasis per word = maximum one accent per word.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19759" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T11:55:41.847" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T11:55:41.847" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26817" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas sobre cómo cambian las palabras para coincidir con el número, género, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions concerning how words change to match number, gender etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26818" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre cómo cambian las palabras para coincidir con el número, género, etc // For questions concerning how words change to match number, gender etc" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:18:45.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26819" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre los sustantivos que en singular expresan una colección o agrupación de objetos, animales o personas semejantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26820" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre los sustantivos que en singular expresan una colección o agrupación de objetos, animales o personas semejantes." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:21:55.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26821" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre proverbios, paremias, refranes, adagios, máxima etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26822" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre proverbios, paremias, refranes, adagios, máxima etc" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:25:30.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26823" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre clíticos que forman una parte de una otra palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. ábre&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;, haciéndo&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt;, invitar&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26824" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre clíticos que forman una parte de una otra palabra." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T12:31:20.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26426" CreationDate="2018-07-06T13:38:11.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native speaker and a eSports passionate, I think good translations could be &lt;i&gt;clave&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;decisivo&lt;/i&gt; when used as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This play was started by a clutch save by SKT support Lee &quot;Wolf&quot; Jae-wan on top laner Heo &quot;Huni&quot; Seung-hoon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be translated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta jugada se inició a partir de una salvada decisiva del soporte Lee &quot;Wolf&quot; Jae-wan sobre el carrilero superior Heo &quot;Huni&quot; Seung-hoon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I've been helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19763" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T13:38:11.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26829" CreationDate="2018-07-06T14:00:29.770" Score="1" ViewCount="1425" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra me ha llamado la atención debido a que, dependiendo del lugar donde la oiga su pronunciación es diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En gran parte de las américas la escucho con la silaba tónica en la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;, pero en otros lugares la he escuchado con la sílaba tónica en la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vidéo - separar el diptongo deo en dos sílabas &lt;em&gt;de-o&lt;/em&gt; terminando la palabra con 3 sílabas &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vídeo - con sílaba tónica en la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, terminando la palabra con dos sílabas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que la palabra, al ser grave, no puede llevar tilde en ninguno de los dos casos, lo que produce ambas pronunciaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso he visto que los Ibéricos han decidido acentuar la &quot;i&quot;... lo que solo sería posible si &quot;video&quot; fuera una palabra esdrújula produciendo un acento prosódico sobre la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.... generando nuevamente vi-de-o.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Será que &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra con dos acentos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T18:17:23.800" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T04:44:11.293" Title="El extraño caso de la palabra &quot;video&quot;" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26826" CreationDate="2018-07-06T14:14:28.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=video&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;video o vídeo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;‘Cierto sistema de grabación y reproducción de imágenes’. Procedente&#xA;  del inglés video, se ha adaptado al español con dos acentuaciones,&#xA;  ambas válidas: la forma esdrújula vídeo [bídeo], que conserva la&#xA;  acentuación etimológica, es la única usada en España; en América, en&#xA;  cambio, se usa mayoritariamente la forma llana video [bidéo]. Cuando&#xA;  esta voz se emplea como elemento prefijo en la formación de&#xA;  compuestos, es átona y, por tanto, debe escribirse sin tilde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1701" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T14:14:28.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26826" CreationDate="2018-07-06T14:14:32.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, hay dos formas válidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;video o vídeo.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;‘Cierto sistema de grabación y reproducción de imágenes’. Procedente del inglés &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt;, se ha adaptado al español con dos acentuaciones, ambas válidas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;la forma esdrújula &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;[bídeo]&lt;/code&gt;, que conserva la acentuación etimológica, es la única usada en España;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;en América, en cambio, se usa mayoritariamente la forma llana &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;[bidéo]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando esta voz se emplea como elemento prefijo en la formación de compuestos, es átona y, por tanto, debe escribirse sin tilde (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;TILDE&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ#41&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4.1&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;em&gt;videoconferencia, videoclub, videojuego.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=video&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que la palabra inglesa viene del latín &lt;em&gt;videō&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/ˈwi.de.oː/&lt;/code&gt; (de donde viene &amp;quot;veo&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T14:21:13.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26826" CreationDate="2018-07-06T14:28:03.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según las normas de ortografía, hemos de considerar (a propósito de escritura) la secuencia de sonidos /bideo/ como una secuencia trisilábica. Eso se debe a que la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; se encuentra entre consonantes, por lo que forma una sílaba, y a que las otras dos vocales son ambas abiertas (o fuertes) por lo que siempre se consideran como existiendo en sílaba propia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, podemos decir que la palabra se separa así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VI — DE — O&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, entran las reglas de acentuación.  Si la palabra se acentúa en la primera sílaba (técnicamente se cuenta desde atrás y es la antepenúltima), es esdrújula.  Si se acentúa la segunda (o penúltima), es llana.  Y si recae en la tercera (o última), es aguda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una palabra esdrújula siempre lleva tilde.  Así que, si la pronunciación es /'bi.de.o/, se escribe &lt;strong&gt;vídeo&lt;/strong&gt; con tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una palabra llana lleva tilde si termina en consonante (excluyendo N y S) o si es necesario para evitar un diptongo en la escritura que es hiato en el habla.  En este caso, no hay diptongo en la escritura, y acaba en vocal.  Si la pronunciación es /bi'de.o/, se escribe &lt;strong&gt;video&lt;/strong&gt; sin tilde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una palabra aguda lleva tilde si termina en vocal, N o S.  Como termina en vocal, si la pronunciación es /bi.de'o/, se escribe &lt;strong&gt;videó&lt;/strong&gt; con tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que pasa es que según zona, hay dos pronunciaciones asentadas en la lengua.  Una es /'bi.de.o/ y la otra es /bi'de.o/.  Es imposible consolidar estas dos pronunciaciones en una escritura dado el sistema de ortografía en castellano, por lo tanto, hay dos formas de escribir la palabra.  La recomendación es escribir la forma que usas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-07T04:44:11.293" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T04:44:11.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26830" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For questions about terminology for and referring to parts of the body in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26831" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" Score="0" Body="For questions about the terminology for and referring to parts of the body in Spanish." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:07:13.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26832" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:08:09.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre los consonantes en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about consonants in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considera utilizar también &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/letras&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;letras&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;letras&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T13:29:13.227" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:29:13.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26833" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:08:09.507" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre las consonantes en español.&#xD;&#xA;Questions about consonants in Spanish." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T13:29:13.227" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:29:13.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26834" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la &lt;strong&gt;voz activa&lt;/strong&gt;, un tipo de voz gramatical por medio de la cual se conjuga el verbo de modo tal que el sujeto realice, ejecute o controle la acción del verbo, es decir, sea sujeto agente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26835" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la voz activa." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:09:03.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26836" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre la &lt;strong&gt;caligrafía&lt;/strong&gt;, el arte de escribir con letra bella, artística y correctamente formada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26837" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la caligrafía." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T17:10:05.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20736" CreationDate="2018-07-06T21:46:22.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer from Hipanohablante is not correct. Hubiera/habría is correct. Hubiera/hubiera is incorrect even though many native Spanish speakers use it like that. I have seen this error even in formal translations and in newspapers' editorials. Moreover, the &quot;se&quot; ending would replace the first &quot;hubiera&quot; of the first clause, not the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct use examples: &quot;Si yo hubiese sabido eso, no habría hablado.&quot; or &quot;Si yo hubiera sabido eso, no habría hablado.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19766" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T21:46:22.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2018-07-07T00:22:39.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sort of &lt;em&gt;weirded out&lt;/em&gt; by this thread!!! I am from California, but the strange nitpick on the use of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Mexican dialects sounds almost like it’s being answered by a bunch of folks who either did not grow up or have been exposed to common “&lt;em&gt;California/Baja&lt;/em&gt;” Spanish usage, Idioms or slang, but are still of Mexican descent, or it is being answered by more people who never spoke Spanish in their lives, perhaps trying to find a translations to a meme or similar joke. You aren’t going to find a proper translation online for this use of the word.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s actually easier than all this. To answer the question alone, for this circumstance only, it can be replaced in English with any of these words: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Homie, Holmes, Bro, Dude, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if an accent is heavy, it is because the person saying it has a heavy accent. A MEXICAN ACCENT, and anyone repeating it that doesen't belong to that sort of &lt;em&gt;Barrio&lt;/em&gt; culture, is portraying what they hear from Mexicans saying it. Or, &lt;em&gt;making fun of Mexicans&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Not cool, homie.&lt;/strong&gt; (Homie switched out for &lt;em&gt;ese&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of this word, and whether it is maliciously intended or in good faith, depends on if it is being said one of those ways or not, &lt;strong&gt;exactly like how it is in English&lt;/strong&gt;. if you were to use one of the equivalent words i mentioned above... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;“What’s your problem, Bro?”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sounds menacing, hostile in english&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;“Hey! Bro! How’s it going?”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sounds friendly in English.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;“Dude! You shoulda seen it!”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sounds neutral in english too.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, You still would not say that neutral use of ‘&lt;em&gt;Dude&lt;/em&gt;’ while talking to your great aunt Beatrice, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And just like in English, these &lt;strong&gt;Bro&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Dude&lt;/strong&gt; etc names are &lt;strong&gt;slang&lt;/strong&gt;, and you would never call grandpa “&lt;em&gt;Bro&lt;/em&gt;” and demand a high five. It’s rude. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;“que onda, ese?”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (or the equivalent english “&lt;em&gt;What’s up, yo?&lt;/em&gt;” ) Are phrases no one would ever use when speaking to grandma, relatives or respected community members, however this usage is OK among peers, it’s just common slang which &lt;em&gt;anyone might find offensive&lt;/em&gt;, it just depends on who thinks that way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe its like using the evil “&lt;em&gt;N” word&lt;/em&gt; being white, no matter how good of a friend you are to an African American person, you don’t get to use it. ever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This rule can be applied to anyone who isn’t Mexican trying to use &lt;em&gt;&quot;ese&quot;&lt;/em&gt; as slang. *Not cool, &lt;em&gt;Brah&lt;/em&gt;.* At best you'd make a fool of yourself, at worst, depending on where you are, you could get in trouble you didn't need to get in to in the first place. Always use common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you DO get a free pass using &quot;ese&quot; as slang  if you are trying to sing along to any &lt;em&gt;Cypress Hill&lt;/em&gt; lyrics and you HAVE to sing to  &quot;&lt;em&gt;Insane in the Membrane&lt;/em&gt;&quot;- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;nobody cares if you can’t control yourself cuz nobody can&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also if you are paraphrasing your favorite lines from any movie portraying &lt;strong&gt;Barrio&lt;/strong&gt; culture &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, as with all slang, if you have to ask, you should probably not be using it, but if you want to know just to understand what’s going on if you hear it, there’s no reason to not be privy to the social usage of a slang word in a language that you SHOULD know if you are living in certain areas of the United States. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summed up, any way you can think of to use “Dude” in English, aside from its proper, webster’s Dictionary use of the term in regard to horse ranches etc. is what “ese” means in the Mexican dialects of Spanish in this context only. Ignore all the other urban dictionary stuff and other proper uses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19767" LastEditorUserId="14033" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T12:47:32.030" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T12:47:32.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2018-07-07T17:39:47.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's Mexican Spanish slang to refer to a person, analogous to &lt;em&gt;tío, hombre&lt;/em&gt; etc (or &lt;em&gt;dude, bro, man&lt;/em&gt; in English). It's not inherently derogatory, but could be used disparagingly in a certain context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very distinctive of &lt;em&gt;Mexican&lt;/em&gt; Spanish, so is often used as an easy marker in television etc to imply someone is Mexican, or generally 'hispanic' (since Mexican Spanish varieties are the biggest influence on US perception of the language as a whole).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. Jaime Reyes/Blue Beetle in Young Justice uses it &lt;a href=&quot;http://youngjustice.wikia.com/wiki/Thread:80227&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frequently&lt;/a&gt; (a character of Mexican descent, growing up in El Paso, Texas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;ese, sa.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;■ M. y F.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  supran. Persona indeterminada; &quot;Estaba un ese esperando en la puerta del edificio&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.org.mx/obras/obras-de-consulta-en-linea/diccionario-de-mexicanismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Academia mexicana de la lengua: Diccionario de mexicanismos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;ese, -a.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    m. y f. &lt;em&gt;EU.&lt;/em&gt; Hombre o mujer. pop.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=ese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;RAE: Diccionario de americanismos - ese&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;ése&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. (&lt;em&gt;Mexico, vocative&lt;/em&gt;) dude, guy, pal, man  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A9se#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionary.org - ése (Spanish)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-07-07T17:39:47.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-08T02:08:39.917" Score="1" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish and some other languages (e.g. French and German), we can use the present indicative tense plus an appropriate adverb to communicate about the future, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mañana voy al supermercado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Je vais au marché demain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Morgen gehe ich einkaufen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way of communicating about things to come is more informal than the future tense proper (&lt;em&gt;Iré / J'irai / Ich werde gehen&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I document this to a native Spanish speaker who isn't aware of this feature of Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, how would I explain this to a Spanish learner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Motivation for the question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26811/what-is-the-meaning-of-como-in-the-como-te-alejar-de-la-orilla-no-te-traig?noredirect=1#comment44793_26811&quot;&gt;a comment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note, I tried to find a note about this in the DRAE but all I came up with was &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&lt;/a&gt; which didn't help.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that Gustavson showed me what this is called, I was able to find some more documentation.  For Spanish speakers: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usos_desplazados_de_los_tiempos_verbales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usos_desplazados_de_los_tiempos_verbales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Spanish learners: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.espanolavanzado.com/gramatica-avanzada/489-presente-prospectivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.espanolavanzado.com/gramatica-avanzada/489-presente-prospectivo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:43:31.590" Title="Using the present indicative to communicate about the future" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26843" CreationDate="2018-07-08T03:30:50.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=8FZcwTIYcPcC&amp;amp;pg=PA93&amp;amp;lpg=PA93&amp;amp;dq=%22presente%20prospectivo%20o%20presente%20con%20valor%20de%20futuro%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=AHH4lXgxAJ&amp;amp;sig=9iN7Dtb8nsRjGVnLhw4GE1MRsy0&amp;amp;hl=es-419&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwidg6P6xY7cAhUCPZAKHZDVAJYQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22presente%20prospectivo%20o%20presente%20con%20valor%20de%20futuro%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this publication&lt;/a&gt; you can find some good examples of the present tense being used to express future time in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;presente prospectivo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;presente con valor de futuro&lt;/strong&gt; alude a hechos posteriores al momento de la enunciación....  Este uso del presente es característico, aunque no exclusivo, de los compromisos, de la descripción de planes, actuaciones previstas o programadas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(The &lt;strong&gt;prospective present&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;present with future value&lt;/strong&gt; refers to actions that will take place after being spoken about....  This use of the present tense is commonly seen for appointments, descriptions of plans, anticipated or programmed performances, etc.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A future time reference may be required for the sentence in the present to be interpreted as future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El tren &lt;strong&gt;sale a las 8&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As can be seen above, most of these sentences will refer to scheduled actions or events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, the present has future value in contexts in which a threat is implied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sigues comportándote así y te &lt;strong&gt;echo&lt;/strong&gt; de la clase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conditional clauses (unlike adverbial clauses of time in which present subjunctive is used), present indicative is used to refer to a future situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;gana&lt;/strong&gt; Bélgica el Mundial, hago una fiesta. Pero si &lt;strong&gt;gana&lt;/strong&gt; Inglaterra, me mato. (It's a joke...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that in the sentence above both the condition and the result refer to the future and are expressed in the present tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-08T15:21:44.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26358" CreationDate="2018-07-08T12:23:54.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're quite right to note that the proposed etymology in the DLE requires a few phonetic leaps not seen in other Nahuatl words loaned to Spanish. Not just in the position of the &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, but the &lt;em&gt;x → ch&lt;/em&gt; (which usually remained &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23602/18348&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;x/j&lt;/em&gt; or became &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Nahuatl word for chocolate drink is &lt;em&gt;cacahuatl&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;cacao water&amp;quot;. &lt;em&gt;Cacao&lt;/em&gt; itself, pronounced by the Olmecs as &lt;em&gt;kakawa&lt;/em&gt;, dates to 1000 BC or earlier.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;chocolātl&lt;/em&gt; does not appear in any early Nahuatl sources, and indeed only first appears in Spanish accounts from the late 16th century, shortly after the Spanish had already adopted the term &lt;em&gt;cacahuatl&lt;/em&gt; (which survives today in Spanish in the form &lt;em&gt;cacahuete&lt;/em&gt;, referring to the fruit/tree).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coe &amp;amp; Coe suggest that the novel word was coined by the Spanish themselves (citing Mexican philologist Ignacio Davila Garibi and anthropologist Miguel León-Portilla) due to the unfortunate connotations of &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caca&lt;/strong&gt;huatl&lt;/em&gt; to their ears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to believe that the Spaniards were not thoroughly uncomfortable with a noun beginning with caca to describe a thick, dark brown drink which they had begun to appreciate. They desperately needed some other word.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Spaniards had coined the word by taking the Maya word &lt;em&gt;chocol&lt;/em&gt; [&amp;quot;hot&amp;quot;] and then replacing the Maya term for water, &lt;em&gt;haa&lt;/em&gt;, with the Aztec one, &lt;em&gt;atl&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=39zZAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=caca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The True History of Chocolate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Sophie Dobzhansky Coe, Michael D. Coe (p118-119)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For similar displacements, see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26384/18348&quot;&gt;ósculo → beso&lt;/a&gt; (ósculo ~ os culo (cular/culear))&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26371/18348&quot;&gt;o de → u de&lt;/a&gt; (o de ~ hode' ~ hoder ~ joder)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pnas.org/content/108/21/8595&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cacao use and the San Lorenzo Olmec&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T13:33:16.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26843" CreationDate="2018-07-08T19:15:55.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a Spanish learner who's fluent in English, I think it could be explained like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's similar to using the present continuous in English to talk about something that will happen in the future, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow I'm starting a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Present continuous&quot; is also sometimes called &quot;present progressive&quot; or &quot;I-N-G form.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The precise equivalent of the &lt;em&gt;future tense in Spanish&lt;/em&gt; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow I will start a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with a contraction, this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow I'll start a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, although it's not as common, sometimes the present indicative is used for this also, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow I start my new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-08T19:15:55.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-09T13:40:47.350" Score="3" ViewCount="483" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy leía un texto en italiano y me hizo gracia encontrar la palabra &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt; en él para hablar de nuestro &lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt;. Me hizo recordar que en catalán también utilizamos &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt;, sin la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;. Tirando un poco del hilo vi que en todos los casos la palabra viene del latín &lt;em&gt;semper&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como indica el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XpgXJJL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siempre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. semper.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hay otras palabras que también tiran de esta raíz latina, como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XYqgJac&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sempiterno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/sempiternal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Online Etymology Dictionary nos describe&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. 1400, from Old French &lt;em&gt;sempiternel&lt;/em&gt; &quot;eternal, everlasting&quot; (13c.) or directly from Late Latin &lt;em&gt;sempiternalis&lt;/em&gt;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;sempiternus&lt;/em&gt; &quot;everlasting,&quot; from &lt;em&gt;semper&lt;/em&gt; &quot;always, ever&quot; (see semper-) + &lt;em&gt;aeternus&lt;/em&gt; &quot;eternal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre vemos, pues, esta &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; ausente que de repente el castellano introdujo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busco en el CORPUS y encuentro textos antiquísimos, como del siglo XIII, en que se usaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de boa voonta de don en Doaçon boa é vendo para &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt; á vos Elvira añes prior do Moesteyro de Santa (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el rastro de la palabra se pierde muy rápidamente. Eso sí, el NTLLE nos muestra en 1846 (Salvá), 1855 (Gaspar y Roig) y 1869 (Domínguez suplemento) la entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;SEMPRE&lt;/em&gt; adv. ant. SIEMPRE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O incluso menciona &lt;em&gt;semper&lt;/em&gt;. Raro me parece, pues, que la palabra solamente se vea en el siglo XIII, desaparezca muchos siglos hasta llegar al siglo XIX como sinónimo antiguo de &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues: ¿qué pasó con &lt;em&gt;semper&lt;/em&gt; para que se convirtiera en &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T14:36:51.637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T00:56:30.687" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;siempre&quot; si viene del latín &quot;sempre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-09T16:51:26.617" Score="0" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I say &quot;Water the flowers&quot; as an informal singular positive command (tu form)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Translate just gives me the noun for water (&quot;agua las flores). I plan to google &quot;to water&quot; next and then use the &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; form. I forget how to do positive &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; form commands, as it's been so long since High School. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19778" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-09T22:47:07.143" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T22:47:07.143" Title="How do I say this Tu form command/ Imperative tense?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26850" CreationDate="2018-07-09T18:08:51.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Diego says in his comment. The word &quot;water&quot; here is used as verb, hence the translation is &quot;regar&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The common way to translate &quot;water the flowers&quot; would be &quot;riega las flores&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13645" LastActivityDate="2018-07-09T18:08:51.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-10T00:54:52.600" Score="0" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm filling out a questionnaire and there's a column that says &quot;¿Cómo voy?&quot;. I tried looking up a semantic translation, but all I am able to find are literal ones, and they don't make much sense :/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19782" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T06:24:58.413" Title="What does &quot;¿Cómo voy?&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-10T05:44:05.980" Score="8" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;Covarrubias, en su &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=K10MJdL7pGIC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la Lengua Castellana o Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, define:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CACHONDA, quasi catulonda la perra que esta salida, y se va a buscar los perros, en especial los jouenes, que llamamos cachorros.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de &lt;strong&gt;cachonda&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19629" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T12:11:52.200" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T12:11:52.200" Title="Etimología de &quot;cachonda&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26853" CreationDate="2018-07-10T06:25:05.130" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me intrigó en la definición que las palabras &lt;em&gt;cachonda&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cachorro&lt;/em&gt; se parecieran tanto. Y, por lo que se ve, no iba muy desencaminado. Cito a Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CACHORRO 'cría del perro y de ciertas fieras', 1490. Origen incierto, parece ser derivado de &lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;/em&gt;, que hoy solo subsiste en acepciones secundarias [...] pero que significaría primitivamente 'cachorro'; es probable que proceda del lat. vg. *CATTULUS, por reduplicación afectiva del lat. CATŬLUS 'cachorro'. Del propio &lt;em&gt;cacho&lt;/em&gt; derivan: &lt;em&gt;cachillada&lt;/em&gt; 'parto de animal que da a luz muchos hijuelos', 1720; &lt;em&gt;cachondo&lt;/em&gt;, h. 1450, 'dominado por el apetito venéreo' (esp. la perra), reducción de &lt;em&gt;cachiondo&lt;/em&gt;, formado como &lt;em&gt;torionda&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;toro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;verrionda&lt;/em&gt; de VERRES; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE parece confirmar esta etimología y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6YMKxqN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;afirma&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;catŭlus&lt;/em&gt; 'cachorro'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te confirmo, por si lo sospechabas, que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a5FKP70&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;torionda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la vaca en celo, y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bf1KnWc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;verrionda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la cerda en celo. Todos estos vocablos se forman con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-iondo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5BkJWn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-iondo, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Forma adjetivos con el significado de 'en celo'. &lt;em&gt;Moriondo, toriondo, verriondo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en el CORDE se encuentran casos hasta en el siglo XIII, bastante anteriores a la fecha propuesta por Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues quando qualquier d'estas sazones uinier, déxenlas folgar algunos días e non caçen ni corran fasta que sean cachondas, e después que foren cachondas, déxenlas folgar X días, e después échenles los canes, ca estos X días las deuen dexar folgar, por tal que se alinpien las madres d'ellas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abraham de Toledo, &quot;Moamín. Libro de los animales que cazan&quot;, 1250 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-10T06:30:58.697" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T06:30:58.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26852" CreationDate="2018-07-10T07:55:53.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A literal translation is &lt;code&gt;How do I go?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not that weird:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Cómo voy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Puedes ir en tren.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this sentence is more likely to mean &lt;code&gt;How am I?&lt;/code&gt;, in response to  &lt;code&gt;How are you?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Cómo vas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Cómo voy? Pues no muy bien, la verdad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T07:55:53.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-10T09:16:32.883" Score="1" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;El mineral &lt;em&gt;alofana&lt;/em&gt; aparece cómo &quot;alófana&quot; en los procesadores de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es un error: debe ir sin acento (&lt;em&gt;alofana&lt;/em&gt;) como los nombres de otros minerales ej. naufana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alófana acentuado suena como la raíz &quot;halo&quot;, o como si se tratara de phonos. ¿Es acaso este error un colombianismo o, más en general, por qué se comete tanto este error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19785" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-10T14:07:15.527" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T08:48:58.917" Title="¿Por qué el mineral &quot;alofana&quot; aparece en algunos lugares como &quot;alófana&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26860" CreationDate="2018-07-10T12:10:25.200" Score="4" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently learned the phrase &quot;Pon a llenar la tina&quot; from a Venezuelan friend, meaning &quot;Fill the tub [with water].&quot;  It seems like a strange phrase to me, and I'm trying to figure out if there are any other circumstances in which &quot;poner a llenar&quot; could be used.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya que es primavera, él pone a llenar la piscina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustaría jugo.  ¿Puedes poner a llenar mi taza?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pon a llenar de carne el sartén&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor, ponga a llenar el balde de piedras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do any of these phrases make sense, or is this phrase limited to this particular use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de aprender la frase &quot;pon a llenar la tina&quot;, y me parece rara.  Me gustaría saber si se puede usar &quot;pon a llenar&quot; en otros contextos, como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya que es primavera, él pone a llenar la piscina&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustaría jugo.  ¿Puedes poner a llenar mi taza?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pon a llenar de carne el sartén&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por favor, ponga a llenar el balde de piedras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O solamente se puede usar en la frase &quot;pon a llenar la tina&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T02:17:12.963" Title="Ways to use the phrase &quot;poner a llenar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26862" CreationDate="2018-07-10T12:45:41.613" Score="4" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learning practical aspects of Spanish, I have discovered that the most &lt;strong&gt;natural way&lt;/strong&gt; to express present perfect continuous is to use the structure &lt;strong&gt;llevar + GERUNDIO&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llevo mucho tiempo buscando a ella. &lt;sub&gt;I have been looking for her for a long time.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar, conjugated forms of 'llevar' can be used for the past etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be interested, do any other constructs exist to substitute for the English perfect continuous?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Even though he has been examining it since early this morning, we still do not know what it is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;When we decided to get divorced, we both had been living in Madrid for 4 years.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Aren't you tired? You have been walking since yesterday evening.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the examples do not cover all the cases, but that is the point of the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19676" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-18T09:28:31.140" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T09:29:38.510" Title="What are the constructs the Spanish language has to substitute for the English perfect continuous?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito-perfecto&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales-progresivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26249" CreationDate="2018-07-10T12:54:55.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un byte es un grupo de dígitos binarios adyacentes tratados como una unidad y generalmente menor que una palabra de ordenador. Frecuentemente tiene el sentido de un grupo de ocho bits. Se recomienda el uso de &lt;strong&gt;bit&lt;/strong&gt; para el &lt;em&gt;bit&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; para el &lt;em&gt;byte u octeto&lt;/em&gt;, aunque en la práctica, es común encontrar &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;byte&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;b&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;em&gt;bit&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual es inaceptable en el SI porque &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; es el símbolo del &lt;em&gt;belio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término fue acuñado por Werner Buchholz en 1956 durante la primera fase de diseño del ordenador Stretch de IBM. Originalmente estaba compuesto por seis bits. El paso a ocho bits ocurrió a finales de 1956, y pasó a ser una norma en el System/360.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las unidades de medida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Como referencia al &lt;a href=&quot;https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sistema Internacional de Medidas en el NIST&lt;/a&gt;, que ya lo siento pero no hay versión en español)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conjunto de unidades coordinadas, determinadas por convenios internacionales (IEC), que permiten expresar la medida de cualquier magnitud física. El tamaño de las unidades viene expresado por el uso de prefijos, que en el Sistema Internacional de medidas (SI), son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; yotta - Y  - 1.0e24  = 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000&#xA; zetta - Z  - 1.0e21  = 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 &#xA; exa   - E  - 1.0e18  = 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 &#xA; peta  - P  - 1.0e15  = 1 000 000 000 000 000 &#xA; tera  - T  - 1.0e12  = 1 000 000 000 000 &#xA; giga  - G  - 1.0e9   = 1 000 000 000 &#xA; mega  - M  - 1.0e6   = 1 000 000 &#xA; kilo  - k  - 1.0e3   = 1 000 &#xA; hecto - h  - 1.0e2   = 100 &#xA; deca  - da - 1.0e1   = 10 &#xA; 1 &#xA; deci  - d  - 1.0e-1  = 0.1 &#xA; centi - c  - 1.0e-2  = 0.01 &#xA; milli - m  - 1.0e-3  = 0.001 &#xA; micro - µ  - 1.0e-6  = 0.000 001 &#xA; nano  - n  - 1.0e-9  = 0.000 000 001 &#xA; pico  - p  - 1.0e-12 = 0.000 000 000 001 &#xA; femto - f  - 1.0e-15 = 0.000 000 000 000 001 &#xA; atto  - a  - 1.0e-18 = 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 &#xA; zepto - z  - 1.0e-21 = 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001 &#xA; yocto - y  - 1.0e-24 = 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1998 se creó un nuevo sistema de prefijos para denotar &lt;strong&gt;múltiplos binarios&lt;/strong&gt; por la IEC. La norma introduce los prefijos &lt;strong&gt;kibi, mebi, gibi, tebi, pebi y exbi&lt;/strong&gt;, nombres formados con la primera sílaba de cada prefijo del SI y el sufijo &lt;strong&gt;bi&lt;/strong&gt; por binario. La norma también estipula que los prefijos SI siempre tendrán los valores de potencias de 10 y nunca deberán ser usados como potencias de 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; kibi - Ki - 2^10 = 1 024 &#xA; mebi - Mi - 2^20 = 1 048 576 &#xA; gibi - Gi - 2^30 = 1 073 741 824 &#xA; tebi - Ti - 2^40 = 1 099 511 627 776 &#xA; pebi - Pi - 2^50 = 1 125 899 906 842 624 &#xA; exbi - Ei - 2^60 = 1 152 921 504 606 846 976&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IEC = International Electrotechnical Commission&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18789" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-10T13:11:43.920" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T13:11:43.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26857" CreationDate="2018-07-10T13:18:13.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The construction &amp;quot;poner a + infinitive&amp;quot; carries the meaning of &amp;quot;prepare/put something so this other thing (the verb in infinitive form) gets accomplished as a continuous action&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &amp;quot;Hierve agua&amp;quot; (boil water) with &amp;quot;pon el agua a hervir&amp;quot; (more or less, &amp;quot;put the teapot or container in the fire so over time water starts to boil&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;fill&lt;/strong&gt; the bucket&amp;quot; (Llena el cubo) to &amp;quot;put the bucket to get filled&amp;quot;. With the first one you are an active agent. You are going to get the hose and fill the bucket with water. With the second one, you will put the bucket so water fills it (with the hose? with rain water?). You may oversee this action, but there is no active part on your part (except for overseeing) to get the action of the verb in infinitive done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TdpEAZG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poner&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;41&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. Comenzar a ejecutar una determinada acción. &lt;em&gt;Ponerse A escribir, A estudiar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Place something in the right place so the second action gets completed/started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would not say &amp;quot;Pon a llenar de carne el sartén&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Ponga a llenar el balde de piedras&amp;quot;, because those seems like actions that need your active action to be completed. You could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pon la carne a freir (put the meat -to get done- in the pan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you put the meat in the pan (that is your active action) and then the meat gets done in the pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pon a los niños a comer o a ver la tele (Put the kids to eat or to watch tv)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you action gets limited to get something started, and then that actions continues without your active intervention (the children eat or watch tv).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T13:40:40.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26857" CreationDate="2018-07-10T14:03:50.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ponerse a hacer algo&lt;/strong&gt; just means &lt;strong&gt;to start doing something&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poner algo a [verbo infinitivo]&lt;/strong&gt;: See below. It is a passive and depends on what verb is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, your examples are not really idiomatic in Spanish and their translations would be odd also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él se puso a llenar la piscina. &lt;sub&gt;He started to fill the pool [with water].&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me puse a hacer mis deberes. &lt;sub&gt;I started doing my homework.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nos pusimos a hacer el trabajo. &lt;sub&gt;We started to do the job.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the verb is not reflexive you get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pon a llenar la tina. &lt;sub&gt;Put the bucket under the spigot/tap so it fills up.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pon a cocer las patatas. &lt;sub&gt;Put the potatoes on [to cook].&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pon la ropa a secar. &lt;sub&gt;Put the clothes out to dry or Put the clothes in the dryer (depends on the context).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, depending on what infinitive verb is used, the sentence in English might be longer. I apologize for missing this the first time round.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-11T11:19:55.683" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T11:19:55.683" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26858" CreationDate="2018-07-10T16:54:21.420" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common substitution is the most literal one, using &lt;strong&gt;estar + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;. All three of your English examples can be translated using this structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative, as you already know, is using &lt;strong&gt;llevar + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;. This one would also be correct in your three examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque lleva examinándolo desde esta mañana temprano, todavía no sabemos qué es.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuando decidimos divorciarnos, ambos llevábamos (ya) cuatro años viviendo en Madrid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿No estás cansado? Llevas caminando desde anoche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One particular thing with this structure is that it's a bit more loosely coupled than &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund. That is, it's rather common to place other things (complements of time/duration, mostly) between &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; and the gerund. You can do this with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + gerund, but they tend to keep together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet another alternative involves using &lt;strong&gt;venir + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;, and in some dialects at least, &lt;strong&gt;andar + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These verbs (&lt;em&gt;llevar, venir, andar&lt;/em&gt;) have some subtle connotations that differentiate them from &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; in this &quot;present continuous&quot;. Obviously they connote movement, so they reinforce the idea of the action as an ongoing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also &lt;strong&gt;tener + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;, which is used only in some places. It means the same, even though the verb suggests permanence instead of movement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally there's a common phrase using &lt;strong&gt;pasarse + gerund&lt;/strong&gt;, which means &quot;to spend (a certain lapse of time) doing (something)&quot;. This can be more or less identical in meaning with the &quot;present continuous&quot;, or it can be frequentative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se pasa los días trabajando.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;He spends the days working.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This frequentative meaning is often expressed using a nonsense pronoun (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;) with &lt;em&gt;pasarse&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se la pasa mirando por la ventana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means either &quot;He spends all the time looking out the window&quot; or &quot;He goes and looks out the window time and time again&quot;. The pronoun doesn't refer specifically to anything, though it can construed as meaning &quot;life&quot; or &quot;all the time&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="19676" LastEditDate="2018-07-10T17:52:33.590" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T17:52:33.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26864" CreationDate="2018-07-10T18:42:16.217" Score="3" ViewCount="581" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy trabajando sobre un diccionario de mapudungun y una de las palabras (challwafün') está definida como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El músculo lagarto (del brazo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cuál es este músculo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-10T19:42:56.067" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T06:07:48.653" Title="¿Cuál es el músculo lagarto?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26863" CreationDate="2018-07-10T22:05:06.453" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_b%C3%ADceps_braquial&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;bíceps braquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MnrWCnQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Músculo grande del brazo, entre el hombro y el codo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eso no nos dice si es el bíceps o el tríceps.  Otros diccionarios dan más especifidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anat.&lt;/strong&gt; Bíceps, músculo del brazo, fig. y fam. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=NCKh_LF4b7gC&amp;amp;pg=PA430&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt; (1999))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La protuberancia que en el brazo señala el músculo bíceps. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=UHwVAwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA120&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt; (1911))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras fuentes que confirman esto aparecen en Google Books; por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=2VVZAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=m%C3%BAsculo+brazo+lagarto+b%C3%ADceps&amp;amp;dq=m%C3%BAsculo+brazo+lagarto+b%C3%ADceps&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj1upntw5XcAhWHPN8KHfy3DFUQ6AEIWjAG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este de 1959&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T22:05:06.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26858" CreationDate="2018-07-11T02:11:12.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Supplementary answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few more for the example &amp;quot;You have been walking since 10 am&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vas caminando desde las diez de la mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigues caminando desde etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás camine y camine desde etc. [This is the most colorful]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No paras de caminar desde etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caminas desde etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estás caminando desde etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevas varias horas caminando, desde las 10 de la mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-18T09:29:38.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26857" CreationDate="2018-07-11T06:14:35.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Poner a (verbo)&quot; is a transitive verb meaning &lt;em&gt;to start or initiate (a process)&lt;/em&gt;.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner a llenar la tina&lt;/em&gt;: To run/draw a bath, i.e. start filling the bathtub&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner el agua a hervir&lt;/em&gt;: To put the kettle on, i.e. start bringing the water to a boil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner a vibrar una cuerda&lt;/em&gt;: To set a string to vibrating&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner a rodar la película&lt;/em&gt;: To roll the film&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner el pastel a enfriar&lt;/em&gt;: To set the cake to cool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poner la olla a remojar&lt;/em&gt;: To set the pot to soak&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of your four proposed examples, only the first one works.  Filling a pool is a long enough process that you can turn on a spigot and walk away while it fills.  But the other filling processes you described are different.  Those containers don't fill themselves.  A person is there, actively filling the bucket with stones, until it's full.  (If there were a hopper, with an on/off switch, and it took some time for the container to fill, then you could use &quot;poner a llenar.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are pronominal versions.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me puse a pensar&lt;/em&gt;: I did some thinking&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me puse a coser&lt;/em&gt;: I sat down to some sewing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos pusimos a correr&lt;/em&gt;: We broke out in a run&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ponerse a correr&lt;/em&gt;: Start running&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-10T02:17:12.963" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T02:17:12.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26852" CreationDate="2018-07-11T06:24:58.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wish you'd given us the context!  I have two guesses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's a teacher asking how s/he is doing (at teaching the class).  &lt;strong&gt;How am I doing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You're being asked how you get to school/work.  &lt;strong&gt;How do you get to school/work?&lt;/strong&gt;  On foot, by car, I take the school bus, by train, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also possible someone made a slightly weird translation from English or some other language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T06:24:58.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26869" CreationDate="2018-07-11T11:25:57.090" Score="1" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el segundo apartado de estos &lt;a href=&quot;http://pot-pourri.fltr.ucl.ac.be/gra/exercices/verbo/preteritos03/verbos02/exe.cfm?serie=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejercicios de pretérito simple/pretérito imperfecto&lt;/a&gt;  veo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Como no &lt;sub&gt;(tener, nosotros)&lt;/sub&gt; dinero, el año pasado no &lt;sub&gt;(poder, nosotros)&lt;/sub&gt; de vacaciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y me parece un eror. ¿Existe verdaderamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T07:35:21.837" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T07:35:21.837" Title="¿Se dice 'poder de vacaciones'?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26868" CreationDate="2018-07-11T11:32:44.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. No existe ningún modismo ni expresión de este tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es claramente un error pues falta el verbo de lo que se puede hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase correcta sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como no &lt;em&gt;teníamos&lt;/em&gt; dinero, el año pasado no &lt;em&gt;pudimos &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de vacaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yendo un poco más allá, lo que sí tenemos es la forma &lt;em&gt;poder de X&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;poder de convicción&lt;/em&gt;, para referirnos a la capacidad de alguien para convencer a otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-11T11:46:31.417" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T11:46:31.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26871" CreationDate="2018-07-11T11:57:53.837" Score="9" ViewCount="2378" Body="&lt;p&gt;He leído en &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/291025/307023&quot;&gt;una pregunta de English Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt; que según una convención de escritura técnica, las extensiones de formatos de archivo en un texto deben escribirse .pdf o .png (minúscula y con el punto delante). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Current convention in technical writing is to use lowercase for file name extensions. Both the Apple Style Guide (page 8) and the Microsoft Manual of Style (page 122) request writers use lowercase for file extensions and to include the dot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Esto es aplicable al castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19361" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-11T12:11:18.123" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T11:04:49.387" Title="¿Cómo deben escribirse las extensiones de formato de archivo en un texto?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26870" CreationDate="2018-07-11T12:22:47.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que sí. Alguien debió de preguntar a la RAE en Twitter si &quot;MP3&quot; se escribía en mayúscula o minúscula. No encuentro el tuit original, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/856472915814043648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la respuesta de la RAE&lt;/a&gt; fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las siglas, en mayúsculas: «MP3». Las extensiones de archivos, en minúsculas: «mp3».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí se puede inferir que la RAE recomienda escribir las extensiones de archivo en minúscula. Me falta saber si recomiendan el uso del punto antes de la extensión. Les he lanzado una pregunta en Twitter y tras una semana (se lo han pensado) me han respondido &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1019479579541626880&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt; (añado cursivas para mejor lectura):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si lo que usted desea reproducir es la extensión, lo indicado es el uso del punto y la minúscula: &lt;em&gt;Mueve todos los archivos .doc a este directorio.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  Si se trata de la sigla del formato, con mayúscula y sin punto: T&lt;em&gt;e mando el PDF que me pediste.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T11:04:49.387" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T11:04:49.387" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26946" CreationDate="2018-07-12T02:55:21.780" Score="6" ViewCount="871" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo artículos acerca de seres vivos, en ocasiones veo que el nombre científico se menciona sin artículos, a diferencia de los nombres comunes. En particular hablamos de &quot;el perro&quot;, &quot;la cucaracha común&quot;, &quot;el samán&quot;, y en artículos académicos se habla de &lt;em&gt;Canis Familiaris&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Blatta orientalis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Samanea saman&lt;/em&gt;. Pero incluso en ocasiones he leído y oído acerca de &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Homo sapiens&lt;/em&gt; (quizá por ser esta especie...). ¿Cuál es la forma adecuada de usar los artículos con los seres vivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2020-02-09T11:18:39.020" Title="¿Hay alguna regla para el uso de artículos antes de nombres científicos?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21253" CreationDate="2018-07-12T04:06:19.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing about 'tener' is that it not only displays the meaning of 'to have' but has a much wider range of uses and meanings than the word 'have' in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener frío (to be cold)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Olvidé mi suéter y ahora tengo mucho frío. &#xA;(I forgot my sweater, and now I am very cold.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener calor (to be hot)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Los chicos están sudando. Seguramente tienen mucho calor. &#xA;(The boys are sweating. They must be very hot.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener hambre (to be hungry)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;¡Mira los perritos! Tienen hambre. No han comido nada. &#xA;(Look at the dogs! They are hungry. They have not eaten anything.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener sed (to be thirsty)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;No he tomado agua todo el día. ¡Tengo mucha sed! &#xA;(I haven’t drank water the whole day. I’m so thirsty!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener tos (to have a cough)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Esteban está enfermo. Tiene tos. &#xA;(Esteban is sick. He has a cough.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This post has heaps of examples of uses of 'tener' when it would normally not be used in English:.&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-tener-expressions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-tener-expressions/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19794" LastEditorUserId="19794" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T22:42:29.693" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T22:42:29.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12026" CreationDate="2018-07-12T04:11:47.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Haber&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot; have very different meanings and can almost never be used interchangeably. Haber can mean there is/are or can be used to form the perfect tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; muchas personas aquí&lt;/em&gt; = There are many people here. (haber in the sense of 'there is'.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Ya &lt;strong&gt;has&lt;/strong&gt; comido?&lt;/em&gt; = have you eaten? (haber in the perfect tense)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tener generally means to have but can also be often translated as 'to be' in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-tener-expressions/http://&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;certain expressions&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g:&lt;em&gt;tengo dos perros&lt;/em&gt;=I have two dogs.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;tienes un cigarrillo?&lt;/em&gt;=Do you have a cigarette?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tengo hambre&lt;/em&gt;=I am hungry.&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Él tiene seis años&lt;/em&gt;=He is six years old&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, if you are wanting to say 'to have' in the traditional sense of the verb, use 'tener'. If you want to say 'to have' to express the perfect tense, use 'haber'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This blog post goes into more detail:&#xA;Haber vs tener: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-haber-vs-tener/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-haber-vs-tener/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clozemaster is a language learning game. Its blog has a lot of useful posts on Spanish grammar. Hope this could be of help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19794" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T22:37:26.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17971" CreationDate="2018-07-12T04:26:27.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right, the verb 'tener' does have a slightly different meaning than 'to have' in English. Well, the meaning is the same but it is a much more diverse word in Spanish and can be used to express more things, often where in English we would simply use 'to be + adjective'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing about 'tener' is that it not only displays the meaning of 'to have' but has a much wider range of uses and meanings than the word 'have' in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener frío&lt;/strong&gt; (to be cold) Olvidé mi suéter y ahora tengo mucho frío. (I forgot my sweater, and now I am very cold.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener calor&lt;/strong&gt; (to be hot) Los chicos están sudando. Seguramente tienen mucho calor. (The boys are sweating. They must be very hot.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener hambre&lt;/strong&gt; (to be hungry) ¡Mira los perritos! Tienen hambre. No han comido nada. (Look at the dogs! They are hungry. They have not eaten anything.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener sed&lt;/strong&gt; (to be thirsty) No he tomado agua todo el día. ¡Tengo mucha sed! (I haven’t drank water the whole day. I’m so thirsty!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This post has a lot of examples of common expressions where the verb 'tener' is used: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-tener-expressions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/spanish-tener-expressions/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19794" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T02:36:27.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-12T09:40:26.333" Score="2" ViewCount="643" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el DPD veo que la RAE recomienda trasladar el acento en el plural de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=car%C3%A1cter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carácter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;caracteres&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;strike&gt;&lt;em&gt;carácteres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strike&gt;. Sin embargo, para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=est%C3%A1ndar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estándar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; sí que recomienda el plural &lt;em&gt;estándares&lt;/em&gt;, pero no &lt;strike&gt;&lt;em&gt;estandares&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strike&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No veo en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt; nada al respecto. ¿Existe alguna norma que diga de forma general cuándo trasladar el acento en estas palabras y cuándo no? ¿O depende esto de la etimología de cada palabra concreta? ¿O es &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt; la única excepción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-12T10:29:00.200" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T10:29:00.200" Title="Regla para trasladar el acento en el plural de palabras llanas acabadas en &quot;-r&quot;" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26876" CreationDate="2018-07-12T10:23:07.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carácter&lt;/em&gt; es la única excepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g) Sustantivos y adjetivos terminados en -l, -r, -n, -d, -z, -j.&lt;/strong&gt; Si no van precedidas de otra consonante (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i#1j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;→ j&lt;/a&gt;), forman el plural con -es: ... &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;colores&lt;/em&gt;; ... &lt;em&gt;máster&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;másteres&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.1. Cambio de la vocal tónica.&lt;/strong&gt; La vocal tónica es la misma en el singular y en el plural, salvo en las palabras &lt;em&gt;espécimen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;régimen&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;carácter&lt;/em&gt;, en las que el acento cambia de lugar en el plural: &lt;em&gt;especímenes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;regímenes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caracteres&lt;/em&gt; [karaktéres].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Más información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/18445/18348&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; el plural de r&amp;#233;gimen es &amp;quot;reg&amp;#237;menes&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;r&amp;#233;gimenes&amp;quot;? Y lo mismo con esp&amp;#233;cimen y car&amp;#225;cter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T10:23:07.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19320" CreationDate="2018-07-13T01:20:43.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first possibility in hlecuanda's answer does seem the most likely. No source of which I am aware says that the subject was missing an appendage. According to Maynard Geiger, Amorós had been a Franciscan priest longer than Bolcoff had been alive. Apparently he was triggered, adding the explanatory detail that Bolcoff's conversion had taken place only ten months before. I conclude that Amorós doubted Bolcoff's sincerity as a Catholic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2018-07-14T00:01:29.747" LastActivityDate="2018-07-14T00:01:29.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-13T15:15:36.440" Score="6" ViewCount="941" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta va enfocada a verbos con ambigüedad cuando se usan pronominales en la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Le compraste el carro a tu hermano?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Comprale el carro a tu hermano&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Le compre el carro a mi hermano&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para cada una de estas oraciones tenemos las dos mismas interpretaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comprar un carro que era de tu hermano &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comprar un carro para tu hermano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen otros verbos que tengan estas cualidades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-15T05:49:07.787" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T05:49:07.787" Title="Existen otros verbos ambiguos con el uso de los pronominales como el verbo “comprar”?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="222" CreationDate="2018-07-13T15:25:10.160" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A vulgarism is a word or custom that degenerates the language, like adding an &quot;s&quot; at the end of the pronouns in the second person &quot;TU&quot; like &quot;comprastes&quot; , &quot;vivistes&quot;, &quot;hicistes&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, long answer short : NO &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the moment a vulgarism is used widely is not a vulgarism anymore, is part of the language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if by vulgarism you mean insults, yeah there are plenty. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T15:25:10.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="136" CreationDate="2018-07-13T15:37:17.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends of how great is the transformation &quot;how much you are becoming&quot; and this is related to the verb &quot;be&quot; in spanish, as &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; have a wide difference as &quot;ser&quot; is your very own definition and &quot;estar&quot; is just a temporary state. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so let's begin from the smallest to biggest &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;to become&quot; - silent  -- for someone just to keep quite for a while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para &quot;ponerse&quot; en silencio &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;to become better&quot; -- not an actual transformation but an improvement of one self&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para &quot;ser/hacerse/volverse &quot; mejor &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;to become a star&quot; -- a total transformation into something new &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para &quot;convertirse/ transformarse&quot; en una estrella &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;remember that &quot;become&quot; is a deribation of &quot;be&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so to be/to become can be switched &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to be silent/quiet, to be a better, to be great &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;para estar callado, para ser mejor, para ser grandioso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T15:37:17.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26883" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-13T19:54:45.533" Score="6" ViewCount="3898" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy uno de mis compañeros de trabajo (angloparlantes) me ha saludado con un &quot;Ey hombre&quot;, que era por supuesto una traducción literal de &quot;Ey &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt;!&quot;. Como sé que que este en particular tiene un nivel aceptable de español (creció en Nueva York en un barrio con mayoría de Puertorriqueños, y tiene un nivel de español decente, un poco oxidado) he querido ayudarle a mejorar un poco su español y explicarle que nosotros no usaríamos &quot;hombre&quot; en ese contexto y favoreceríamos &quot;tío&quot; o &quot;tronco&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le he explicado que &quot;tío&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22848/5481&quot;&gt;evolucionó a una forma cariñosa de incluir a alguien &quot;en la familia&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y de ahí a designar a alguien con el que puedes tener más o menos familiaridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de &quot;tronco&quot; no he sabido explicarlo con seguridad. Buscando en este stack y fuera, lo más que he podido encontrar es un comentario de guifa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/16556/5481&quot;&gt;¿Es »tronco« una grosería en Latinoamérica?&lt;/a&gt; que indica que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt; salió del habla urbana española ochentera. Como muchos insultos, con el debido tono y contexto, todos lo entenderán con el sentido familiar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no se explica (posiblemente porque no era lo que se preguntaba y esto era solo un comentario tangencial) cómo llegó &lt;code&gt;tronco&lt;/code&gt; a adquirir el significado coloquial de &quot;amigo&quot; o &quot;compañero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=amwpZjT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tronco,ca&lt;/a&gt; tiene entre otros el significado de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Persona insensible, inútil o despreciable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no se recoge el coloquialismo de la acepción de &quot;amigo&quot; o &quot;colega&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo más lógico entiendo que sería que estuviese relacionado con la cuarta acepción del diccionario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cuerpo humano o de cualquier animal, prescindiendo de la cabeza y las extremidades.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Eres un &lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt;&quot; como un insulto blando que acaba transformándose en apelativo cariñoso, y que de ahí se adaptase también al femenino de &quot;tronca&quot; para &quot;amiga&quot;. Sin embargo, no he podido contrastar ni verificar esta hipótesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Sabe alguien cómo ha llegado &quot;tronco&quot; a ser sinónimo de tío / colega /amigo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-23T11:27:18.757" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T11:27:18.757" Title="¿Cómo ha llegado &quot;tronco&quot; a ser sinónimo de tío / colega / amigo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26898" CreationDate="2018-07-13T23:20:27.430" Score="2" ViewCount="12717" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado la frase &quot;la calma antes de la tormenta&quot; y también he escuchado la frase &quot;después de la tormenta viene la calma&quot; así que estaba pensando si es correcto decir “antes de la tormenta viene la calma”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suponiendo un estado inicial de poca alteración, despues vendría un estado de calma total el cual seria el anuncio de la llegada de un estado de gran alteración(la tormenta), por lo que seria correcto decir que &quot;antes del periodo de gran alteración viene un periodo de calma total&quot; o por decirlo de otra manera “antes de la tormenta viene la calma”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19803" LastActivityDate="2019-11-07T16:06:01.587" Title="¿Es gramaticalmente correcta la frase “antes de la tormenta viene la calma”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26885" CreationDate="2018-07-14T01:28:53.443" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;venir&quot; en presente supone una acción posterior, no anterior, por lo que considero que la oración &quot;antes de la tormenta viene la calma&quot; es semánticamente confusa (no diría que es agramatical).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para que una oración como la propuesta fuera correcta, debería utilizarse &quot;venir&quot; en tiempo pretérito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Antes de la tormenta, &lt;strong&gt;vino&lt;/strong&gt; la calma. (o mejor: ...&lt;strong&gt;había venido&lt;/strong&gt; la calma)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente, sería mejor utilizar un verbo más estático:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Antes de la tormenta, &lt;strong&gt;hubo/había&lt;/strong&gt; calma / &lt;strong&gt;reinaba&lt;/strong&gt; la calma.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-07-29T13:47:37.257" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T13:47:37.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26890" CreationDate="2018-07-14T13:32:27.107" Score="5" ViewCount="1936" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn the uses of &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;. Whilst doing so I have noticed (maybe incorrectly) that verbs following &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; seem to pretty much be in the infinitive form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my observation correct? Are there any rules for when to use the infinitive or a conjugation following either &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17403" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-15T04:51:17.330" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T04:51:17.330" Title="Does a verb following &quot;por&quot; and &quot;para&quot; always need to be in the infinitive?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26888" CreationDate="2018-07-14T16:23:41.380" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;All verbs that follow prepositions will be in the infinitive form. They can only be conjugated if they are contained in a subordinate clause but then it's the &lt;em&gt;que/donde/quien&lt;/em&gt; that follows the preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one notable exception to the above, which is that the preposition &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; can be followed either by the infinitive or the gerund, though the latter is quite uncommon in modern Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-07-14T16:23:41.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26880" CreationDate="2018-07-14T18:10:54.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me ocurren un par de ejemplos. Uno de ellos es &lt;em&gt;vender&lt;/em&gt;, cuando no queda claro si uno está vendiéndole a otro una cosa que es de uno, o si está vendiendo a un tercero una cosa por cuenta del otro. O sea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le vendí la casa a mi hermano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede significar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Le vendí mi casa a mi hermano; mi hermano compró mi casa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vendí la casa de mi hermano a otra persona; mi hermano vendió su casa a través de mí (fui su agente inmobiliario).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ocurrir en algunos casos con el verbo &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale el globo a tu hermano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede significar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale a tu hermano su globo; devuélvele su globo a tu hermano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dale a tu hermano tu globo; regálale tu globo a tu hermano.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mismo tipo que &lt;em&gt;vender&lt;/em&gt; puede ser &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a escribirle una carta a mi abuela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede significar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a escribir una carta destinada a mi abuela; voy a escribir una carta para mi abuela la lea. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Voy a escribir una carta de parte de mi abuela para otra persona; mi abuela no puede escribir y me dictará una carta para un tercero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente hay más pero me parece que la ambigüedad siempre es de uno o dos tipos y en muy pocos contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos son casos donde el pronombre dativo es ambiguo porque además de representar el objeto indirecto también puede señalar alguna otra cosa (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26172/14627&quot;&gt;dativo simpatético o ético&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-07-14T18:10:54.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26888" CreationDate="2018-07-14T18:42:45.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid you can't do it like that. It's not about verbs taking por and para, it's about the difference in meaning of por and para in Spanish. For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vino por mi casa. [He came by my house]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vino para mi casa. [He came to my house]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both with the verb venir. The verb does not &quot;take&quot; either. Using one or the other will change the meaning of the sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for what comes after the por or para, they can, depending on circumstances, both take an infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasó por aqui para verme. [He came by to see me]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se paró por verme en la calle. [He stopped because he saw me in the street.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ser muy pobre, no pudo comprar zapatos nuevos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that por + infinitive has nothing in my examples to do with what the preceding verb takes or does not take. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is this: get yourself a really good hardback bilingual dictionary like the Larousse. It has an incredible list of examples with these kinds of things. All sorts of tricky little things one would never find in an online dictionary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-07-14T18:42:45.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26902" CreationDate="2018-07-15T03:41:36.783" Score="2" ViewCount="828" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me ha costado trabajo encontrar información sobre las conjugaciones pronominales (pareciera que no existieran oficialmente) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En especifico la que me cuesta trabajo encontrar son las del verbo &quot;ver&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Veme&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vete       &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vele&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Velo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Venos/Veanos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Véanlos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas conjugaciones son correctas ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user8627" LastEditDate="2019-01-27T10:36:49.050" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T10:36:49.050" Title="Conjugación pronominal del verbo &quot;ver&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26893" CreationDate="2018-07-15T04:45:56.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aprendí a hacer este tipo de verbo jugando Scrabble - este tipo de verbo es súper útil para sacar el premio de los 50 puntos (usar todas las letras). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo: véome (me veo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tú: veste (te ves)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Él etc.: vese (se ve)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Nosotros: vémosnos (nos vemos)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vosotros: veisos (os veis)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ustedes: vense (se ven)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ellos etc.: vense (se ven)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Querías también el subjuntivo?  P. ej. &lt;em&gt;véanse&lt;/em&gt; (que Uds. se vean)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-16T02:55:04.700" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T02:55:04.700" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26885" CreationDate="2018-07-15T05:16:32.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los que observan la meteorología se han fijado que para cierto tipo de tormentas, existe un periodo de calma justo antes del comienzo de la tormenta.  Este fenómeno se explica en &lt;a href=&quot;https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/a/4601/13386&quot;&gt;https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/a/4601/13386&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego se generalizó el concepto y se extendió a situaciones de conflicto entre personas o grupos, o incluso cualquier gran actividad.  He aquí un ejemplo del uso de la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando llegué a la casa todo estaba tranquilo.  Era un momento de calma antes de la tormenta, que se desató con la llegada de los primeros invitados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría hacer también una observación generalizada de esta manera, aunque no hace tan buen efecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tormenta viene después de la calma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, si alguien comenta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Después de la tormenta viene la calma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;está expresando otra idea diferente.  Ahí se está diciendo que después de la bulla (ruido, etc.), las cosas se calman.   (A mí aviso esta observación es tan obvia que no vale la pena expresarla; sospecho que quienes la usan quizás no han entendido de donde viene la frase hecha.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T05:16:32.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12984" CreationDate="2018-07-15T06:03:21.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es incorrecta la respuesta aceptada, pero quisiera ofrecer una distinción más sencilla y práctica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caldo puede ser el único plato de la comida, mientras que la sopa solo forma parte de la comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También me gustaría añadir que la sopa no tiene que ser líquida: en México, la &lt;em&gt;sopa seca&lt;/em&gt; es pasta, por ejemplo espagueti, sin caldito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Por cierto, cuando algo suelta un juguito durante la cocción, el líquido que suelta puede llamarse &lt;em&gt;el caldito&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;su caldo&lt;/em&gt;.  También se algo se cuece en agua, depués de la cocción el líquido que queda se puede llamar &lt;em&gt;caldo&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-15T06:09:04.583" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T06:09:04.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26885" CreationDate="2018-07-16T07:02:59.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es perfectamente válida. Suponiendo que ninguna de las dos cosas haya sucedido aún (ni la calma ni la tormenta), se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de la tormenta viene la calma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del mismo modo que se puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antes de [llegar a] Madrid pasamos por Getafe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso estamos usando el presente para indicar un hecho que sucederá en el futuro previsto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T07:02:59.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26900" CreationDate="2018-07-16T07:38:47.573" Score="6" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware of when to use &lt;code&gt;imperfecto&lt;/code&gt; and when to use &lt;code&gt;indefinido&lt;/code&gt; in many cases. However, the following examples are not clear to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In a text about 'Bambi', there is written:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felix Salten fue un escritor austríaco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know why &lt;code&gt;indefinido&lt;/code&gt; (of ser), 'fue', instead of &lt;code&gt;imperfecto&lt;/code&gt; 'era'(of ser) in such a sentence. I have learned that &lt;code&gt;imperfecto&lt;/code&gt; should be used to talk about background information, and &lt;code&gt;indefinido&lt;/code&gt; for actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the same text, a new section starts with:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando la familia (de Salten) tuvo problemas económicos, Felix abandonó el colegio y empezó a trabajar en una agencia de seguros.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the same problem with 'tuvo'. I would put 'tenía' here, because the part 'Cuando la familia ...(tener) problemas económicos' is expressing circumstances and I have learned that imperfecto should be used to express circumstances (and for background information). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text is contained in 'Con dinámica: Spanisch A1, A2, B1 +', a German book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate explanations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19736" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-10T02:50:32.107" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T02:58:32.057" Title="The use of 'imperfecto' vs. 'indefinido' in two specific sentences" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26899" CreationDate="2018-07-16T08:21:18.597" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperfect here would mean something like &quot;action that was taking place while suddenly something interrupted it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Félix era un escritor austriaco, pero todo eso cambió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indefinido (or preterite) is much more suitable for telling a story. This is narration of who he was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's something like &lt;code&gt;Felix was a writer&lt;/code&gt; vs. &lt;code&gt;Felix used to be a writer&lt;/code&gt;. The first one fits better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your 2nd example works similarly, but I understand you have doubts here, as it is common to see the structure &lt;code&gt;When [imperfect], [preterite]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, an imperfect here would denote either routines in the past or a focusing on that interval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando la familia tenía problemas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sounds like &quot;Every time the family had problems&quot; (routines in the past)&#xA;It can also mean you're focusing on that part of the story, implying a dilation of time. Like &quot;Things happened, more things happened, and when finally the family started having problems...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't think this is what you want. For a storytelling, it's more usual to use the preterite. This is for finished actions past in the time line. You're just telling &quot;this happened, then this happened, and later on this other thing happened&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T14:14:28.960" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T14:14:28.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26899" CreationDate="2018-07-16T14:03:21.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se indica en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://itsmorethanatextbook.com/books/book_1/book_sections/sec_30.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el pasado en la narración&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;3.4.1 &lt;strong&gt;El Pretérito Y El Imperfecto En La Narración&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como hemos dicho, &lt;strong&gt;el pretérito sirve para expresar acciones ocurridas en el pasado, percibiéndolas como completas o en su totalidad.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;El imperfecto, por su parte, sirve para expresar acciones ocurridas en el pasado, enfocándose, no en su principio o en su final, sino en una parte del proceso, en su naturaleza cíclica o en su naturaleza continuada.&lt;/strong&gt; Dado este contraste, el pretérito toma un aire de mayor definición y el imperfecto uno de indefinición. Esto hace que, &lt;strong&gt;si observamos el uso de uno y otro en narraciones nos demos cuenta que, con frecuencia, el imperfecto es usado para establecer el fondo de la narración, mientras que el pretérito sirve para avanzar la trama.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Escuchemos a continuación los dos primeros minutos del cuento de&#xA;Caperucita Roja. Fíjate en el uso del pretérito y del imperfecto.&amp;quot;&lt;p&gt; [hay un video a continuación en la página enlazada]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se pueden utilizar los dos. &lt;strong&gt;Depende de cómo el autor quiere contar la historia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T14:10:11.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26893" CreationDate="2018-07-17T16:17:02.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contesto aquí según los esclarecimientos en los comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los verbos pronominales no son precisamente especiales en cuanto a conjugaciones.  La regla básica es que los conjugas como si no fuesen pronominales, y de acuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12249/4182&quot;&gt;unas reglas bastante complicadas&lt;/a&gt;, pones el pronombre reflexivo que corresponde a la forma bien antes (&lt;em&gt;proclisis&lt;/em&gt;) o después (&lt;em&gt;enclisis&lt;/em&gt;) del verbo.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  En el caso de los mandatos, cuando son &lt;em&gt;afirmativos&lt;/em&gt; el pronombre siempre es &lt;em&gt;enclítico&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, va pegado después del verbo.  Con la mayoría de los verbos, ello nos obliga escribir una tilde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;duerme&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;duérmete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el caso de los verbos monosilábicos puede ser diferente.  En el caso de &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, tenemos las siguientes formas imperativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;┏━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓&#xA;┃  yo: …*  │ nosotros/as: VEAMOS ┃ &#xA;┠──────────┼─────────────────────┨&#xA;┃  tú: VE  │ vosotros/as: VED    ┃&#xA;┃ vos: VE  │                     ┃     * No existe ningún&#xA;┠──────────┼─────────────────────┨       imperativo en la&#xA;┃  Vd: VEA │     ustedes: VEAN   ┃       primera persona&#xA;┗━━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛       singular.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A estos lo único que tenemos que hacer, caso sea en afirmativo, es agregar al final el pronombre reflexivo que serían los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;┏━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓&#xA;┃  yo: ME │ nosotros/as: NOS ┃ &#xA;┠─────────┼──────────────────┨&#xA;┃  tú: TE │ vosotros/as: OS  ┃&#xA;┃ vos: TE │                  ┃&#xA;┠─────────┼──────────────────┨&#xA;┃  Vd: SE │     ustedes: SE  ┃&#xA;┗━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero al agregarlos, tenemos que mantener la acentuación original del verbo y, en el caso del imperativo de &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y de &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;sub&gt;/as&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, hay que quitar la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; final.  Entonces en la forma informal (tanto tuteante como voseante), tenemos &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; y hemos de conservar el acento en la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.  Como &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt; lo conserva allí, no tenemos que hacer nada.  Pero con la forma formal, tenemos &lt;em&gt;vea&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, con obligación de mantener el acento en la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;.  Como &lt;em&gt;vease&lt;/em&gt; se acentúa en la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, hay que tildar la primera &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;véase&lt;/em&gt;.  Al final acabamos con las siguientes formas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓&#xA;┃  yo: …     │ nosotros/as: VEÁMONOS ┃ &#xA;┠────────────┼───────────────────────┨&#xA;┃  tú: VETE  │ vosotros/as: VEOS     ┃&#xA;┃ vos: VETE  │                       ┃&#xA;┠────────────┼───────────────────────┨&#xA;┃  Vd: VÉASE │     ustedes: VÉANSE   ┃&#xA;┗━━━━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, es de notar que la forma informal de &lt;em&gt;vete&lt;/em&gt; fácilmente se puede confundir con la misma forma del verbo &lt;em&gt;irse&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que más contexto puede ser necesario, por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;vete en el espejo&lt;/em&gt; o parecido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; E incluso en el español medieval para los tiempos futuro y condicional, en el medio del verbo (&lt;em&gt;mesoclisis&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-07-17T16:17:02.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26903" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26904" CreationDate="2018-07-17T16:52:14.770" Score="3" ViewCount="449" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a movie called &quot;Mar adentro&quot;, and I wonder, whether this phrase can actually mean two things simultaneously (which would be so cool):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Inside the sea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) The sea inside&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it just one of the above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19822" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-07-17T18:22:34.903" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T15:10:32.540" Title="Can &quot;Mar adentro&quot; have a double meaning?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26903" CreationDate="2018-07-17T18:22:12.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. According to the DRAE's definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0jInJpU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adentro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. A o en lo interior. &lt;em&gt;Mar adentro, tierra adentro. Se metió por las puertas adentro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. pl. Lo interior del ánimo. &lt;em&gt;Hablo para mis adentros. Juan habla bien de Pedro, aunque en sus adentros siente de otro modo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can mean both &amp;quot;en lo interior (de algo)&amp;quot; (inside) or &amp;quot;interior del ánimo&amp;quot; (within), meaning, what we consider inside us, not physically, but metaphorically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &amp;quot;mar adentro&amp;quot; can have both meanings or interpretations (&lt;em&gt;inside the sea&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;the sea within/inside&lt;/em&gt;). The first one is even one of the examples in the dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debemos ir &lt;em&gt;mar adentro&lt;/em&gt; y echar las redes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un mar de dudas adentro de mi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably is more common to use &amp;quot;interior&amp;quot; for this second meaning, but definitely you can use &amp;quot;adentro&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-17T18:22:12.417" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-18T06:51:06.153" Score="6" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay algunas expresiones del español de Hispanoamérica que a los hablantes de español europeo nos resultan curiosas. Para mí una de ellas es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWErHxJ#BhZf3F1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;más y más&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Pongo un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo más y más sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando en español europeo se diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada vez tengo más sueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre he tomado esta construcción &lt;em&gt;más y más&lt;/em&gt; como un anglicismo, ya que &lt;em&gt;more and more&lt;/em&gt; se define como &lt;em&gt;un número en aumento&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;incrementalmente&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, si algo he aprendido aquí es que no puedo dar nada por supuesto. Igual resulta que era una expresión común en España en el siglo XV y en América sencillamente ha perdurado mientras que en España no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿es el uso de &lt;em&gt;más y más&lt;/em&gt; un anglicismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T21:00:41.223" LastActivityDate="2019-09-29T01:31:05.090" Title="¿Es &quot;más y más&quot; un anglicismo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26911" CreationDate="2018-07-18T14:00:20.033" Score="4" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español existe una palabra para poner en una jaula (enjaular), en una cárcel (encarcelar), o incluso en una cama (encamar). Y me gustaría saber si hay un equivalente para poner algo o alguien en una pecera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suponiendo una etimología similar (prefijo &quot;en&quot; para indicar dentro de o sobre + sustantivo + sufijo &quot;ar&quot; para indicar infinitivo de un verbo), busqué  sin éxito la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;empecerar&lt;/em&gt;&quot; en el diccionario de la RAE. Tampoco tuve suerte con algunos términos parecidos como &quot;empeserar&quot;, &quot;empescerar&quot; o &quot;empiscerar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una palabra para &quot;poner en una pecera&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14693" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-08T02:18:51.467" LastActivityDate="2019-06-08T02:18:51.467" Title="¿Existe una palabra para &quot;poner en una pecera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26908" CreationDate="2018-07-18T14:31:06.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Empecerar&amp;quot; como se puede ver en este ejemplo totalmente inventado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Pues enjáulalo —dijo Marta enojada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿Pero en qué jaula? Además, es un pez... Se va a morir —respondió Javier preocupado y confundido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—!En el acuario, idiota! —replicó Marta más frustrada que exasperada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Pero es una pecera, no una jaula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Entonces... ¡Entonces &lt;strong&gt;empecéralo&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T09:48:46.763" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26908" CreationDate="2018-07-18T15:19:51.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar &amp;quot;bocalizar&amp;quot;, aunque no sería la mejor opción (y no esperes verla recogida en el DRAE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5iaFkGV%7C5idZq3k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bocal&lt;/a&gt; es un tipo de recipiente de cristal, y en su tercera acepción, es un sinónimo de pecera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bocal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del lat. tardío baucālis, y este del gr. βαύκαλις baúkalis 'especie de vaso'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Jarro de boca ancha y cuello corto para sacar el vino de las tinajas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Recipiente usado en laboratorios, farmacias, hospitales, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;pecera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, podrías argumentar que &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;bocalizar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; podría ser &amp;quot;poner en un bocal - pecera&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, dado su parecido con &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bzSVqTr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocalizar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, y en especial esa diferencia de &lt;code&gt;b&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt; (que hará que parezca un erro ortográfico) hacen que esta no sea tu mejor opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T15:19:51.117" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13645" CreationDate="2018-07-19T13:14:34.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an intermediate Spanish learner, and I encounter &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;se trata de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; quite frequently.  It has been confusing to say the least.  After reading all of these responses, it seems to me that translating the phrase simply with &quot;to be&quot; loses its impact.  Perhaps adding something like &quot;just&quot; or &quot;simply&quot; might clarify in some contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si se trata de una cuestión de reconquistar las tres islas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If it's simply a question of retaking the the three islands&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquello sucedía porque había olvidado por un momento que se trataba de&#xA;  un juego de ajedrez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;That would happen because he had forgotten for a moment that this was just a chess game&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with the two contexts in the awesome joke:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;What's this about, young man?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;It's just a fight.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19836" LastEditorUserId="19836" LastEditDate="2018-07-20T02:14:45.503" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T02:14:45.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-20T09:26:56.570" Score="2" ViewCount="729" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día en una conversación alguien usó la expresión &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; para indicar &quot;una violación de las normas sociales o reglas de etiqueta&quot; (definición de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faux_pas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;), dado que la conversación versaba sobre la vestimenta adecuada para asistir a un evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que no me suena haber visto mucho esa expresión con ese sentido en textos en español. Le he preguntado a la RAE si ese término estaba asentado en español y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1020218058777022464&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me dicen que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, se emplea su versión española, «paso en falso».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que esa expresión ya existe en español &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S4wajTd#8MJJ2qx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con otro sentido&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar un paso en falso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. &lt;strong&gt;dar un mal paso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar un mal paso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Sufrir un fallo al andar o al correr del que se sigue daño.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Hacer algo de lo que se sigue o puede seguirse detrimento.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera acepción es la literal, y la segunda parece una versión genérica del hecho de cometer un error en las reglas de etiqueta. Y de hecho me suena aún menos que &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; para ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿se usa realmente en español &quot;paso en falso&quot; para indicar &quot;una violación de las normas sociales o reglas de etiqueta&quot;, como hace el galicismo &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-28T05:12:31.583" Title="¿Se usa en español &quot;paso en falso&quot; como adaptación de &quot;faux pas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21914" CreationDate="2018-07-20T13:13:32.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una clara alusión sexual. Yo soy aquel que te alivia cuando tienes ganas. Es una bella manera de decir que me llamas para que lo hagamos en cualquier parte, no solo en la cama. Mi traducción es cruda, pero la estrofa es bella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19845" LastActivityDate="2018-07-20T13:13:32.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26915" CreationDate="2018-07-20T19:21:00.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;em&gt;paso en falso&lt;/em&gt; es cometer un error.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; es llevar calcetines con sandalias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es un error, pero no es algo aceptado, pero por ser cuestiones similares en cuanto a &quot;romper reglas&quot;, pues se pueden confundir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: ir a una entrevista de trabajo con calcetines con sandalias es tanto un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; como un &lt;em&gt;paso en falso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea ... el &lt;em&gt;paso en falso&lt;/em&gt; requiere una intención (la cual falló) y el &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; es solo un tipo de &quot;paso en falso&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que creo que un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; en español lo traduciríamos como &quot;hacer el ridículo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé ... Yo soy muy españolista (de español, no de España) y no me gusta utilizar expresiones de otros idiomas cuando bien podemos expresarlas en español o a nuestra propia manera. Decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; me parece un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (ridículo) y tal vez a otros también les parezca un &lt;em&gt;Faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (insultante), o a otros también les parezca un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (inculto) o a otros que se lo tomen también como &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (inmaduro), a los que les parezca un &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (vulgar) y los que se lo tomen con un verdadero &lt;em&gt;faux pas&lt;/em&gt; (lo que los franceses quisieron decir).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-07-23T16:34:40.763" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T16:34:40.763" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26915" CreationDate="2018-07-21T03:26:00.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en lenguaje un poco formal sí se usa.  Por el contexto se podrá distinguir entre la acepción literal y la figurativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambiar la estructura de la frase y usar el verbo &lt;strong&gt;meter la pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;metedura/metida de pata&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Informal: &lt;strong&gt;tontería&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Muy informal: &lt;strong&gt;babosada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Muy informal y muy fuerte: &lt;strong&gt;estupidez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El (1) es lo más común, creo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi favorito: &lt;em&gt;babosada&lt;/em&gt;.  Y yo cometo muchas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-28T05:12:31.583" LastActivityDate="2018-07-28T05:12:31.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26921" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-21T04:46:26.337" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to name a character who comes from a Spanish speaking family, and the first thing I went with was &lt;strong&gt;Mariposa&lt;/strong&gt;, and it felt really right for the character until I thought, wait, I should probably check if that's a real name. As it turns out, most people I see talking about it are white Americans, so would any native Spanish speaker in their right mind name their daughter &lt;strong&gt;Mariposa&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, I'm considering Eva Virginia as a possible alternative name; is that a real thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Edit: Heck sorry if this is off-topic!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19848" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-07-24T13:32:09.823" LastActivityDate="2018-07-24T13:32:09.823" Title="Is Mariposa a real Spanish name that Spanish speakers give to their kids or just an American bastardization?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" ClosedDate="2018-07-22T03:56:52.867" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26921" CreationDate="2018-07-21T10:08:06.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am spanish, 27 years old, and I have never met someone with that name, so I would not recommend that. Instead I would use María or Ana, those are common names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Eva Virginia sounds real to me, but I think it is more appropriate for Latin america spanish speakers rather than those from Spain. Sorry for my english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19849" LastEditorUserId="19849" LastEditDate="2018-07-21T10:17:09.893" LastActivityDate="2018-07-21T10:17:09.893" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12044" CreationDate="2018-07-21T15:17:24.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo = I have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que = I have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I see you have some confusion regarding the last two. I'll try to clarify them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, you must understand the difference between &amp;quot;infinitive&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;personal tenses&amp;quot;. The infinitive is the &amp;quot;name&amp;quot; of the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tener = To have, like &amp;quot;the action of having something&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a non-personal form, it's the name of the verb, it's generic.&#xA;Personal forms appear when you use it with subjects (it's the same in English).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo tengo = I have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú tienes = you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Él /ella tiene =He/She has&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nosotros tenemos = We have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vosotros tenéis = You (all) have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellos tienen = They have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, on the one hand is the verb's name, and on the other hand there's how we use it with subjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you know, subjects can be omitted in Spanish, as there is only one possibility. In English, &amp;quot;have&amp;quot; can be &amp;quot;you have&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;they have&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;we have&amp;quot;, so you must clarify. In Spanish, each subject has its word, so there's no need to specify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, after this, the usages are easy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo = I have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo que = I have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With any person:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes = you have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tienes que = you have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; is a pronoun that, roughly speaking, means &amp;quot;it&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo tengo = I have IT.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo tienes = you have IT.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo tiene = He/she has IT.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot; is the name of the verb, so &amp;quot;tenerlo&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;to have it&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;the action of having it&amp;quot;. The key is that &amp;quot;name of the verb&amp;quot; is not the same as &amp;quot;personal forms&amp;quot; (forms the verb adopts when used with subjects).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the same as English. Another example: to be.  Name of the verb: &amp;quot;to be&amp;quot; (ser), but its personal forms are  &amp;quot;I am, you are, he is...)&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it's clearer now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-23T08:18:00.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-21T19:42:06.650" Score="3" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how phrases like &lt;em&gt;mañana por la tarde&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mañana por la mañana&lt;/em&gt; came about. Grammatically they seem really odd, as opposed to the simple &quot;tomorrow afternoon&quot; and &quot;tomorrow morning,&quot; which make literal sense word for word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did Spanish come to phrase things this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="839" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T23:05:31.850" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T23:05:31.850" Title="Origin of the grammar of &quot;mañana por X&quot;-type phrases?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22666" CreationDate="2018-07-22T05:36:39.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;John McWhorter &lt;a href=&quot;https://americanstudies.columbia.edu/people/john-h-mcwhorter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhD Linguistics (Stanford)&lt;/a&gt; expounds this, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/006052085X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Power of Babel&lt;/em&gt; (2003)&lt;/a&gt;, p. 183.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Linguistic Narcissism: Inherent Reflexivity Marking&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another area where a language can take a ball and run with it is&#xA;reflexivity. All languages have a way of expressing that an action is&#xA;done to oneself, such as English’s &lt;em&gt;I bathe myself&lt;/em&gt;. Yet in English, we are&#xA;only required to mark this for purposes of explicitness and can quite&#xA;often leave reflexivity unmarked with no resultant ambiguity-we can&#xA;say &lt;em&gt;I bathe&lt;/em&gt; without fearing that someone will wonder, “ Well, actually,&#xA;whom do you bathe?” But in many other languages, one must mark&#xA;the reflexivity overtly in all relevant cases: in French, one must say &lt;em&gt;Je&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; lave—Je lave&lt;/em&gt; implies that you bathe someone other than yourself;&#xA;in German, you say &lt;em&gt;Ich wasche &lt;strong&gt;mich&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/em&gt; not just &lt;em&gt;Ich wasche&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p. 184&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  Furthermore, in most such languages, the habit has extended to&#xA;all actions entailing exertion on oneself, most of which an English&#xA;speaker does not even conceive of as reflexive: in French, one does&#xA;not just slip, but slips oneself—&lt;em&gt;je &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; glisse&lt;/em&gt;; in Spanish, one does not&#xA;just sit down, but sits oneself down—&lt;em&gt;yo me siento&lt;/em&gt;; in Russian, one did&#xA;not tire, but tired oneself—&lt;em&gt;ja utomil&lt;strong&gt;sja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. This is where the “ changes&#xA;itself ” aspect of such languages comes in. In French, one changes&#xA;oneself into a swan rather than just changing into it: &lt;em&gt;Je &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; transforme&#xA;en cygne&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  Yet getting a “feel” for such a language entails wrapping one’s&#xA;head around the fact that this fixation on marking any hint of exertion on oneself has spread even into actions exerted within, rather&#xA;than on, oneself. In French, then, one does not just faint, but “faints&#xA;oneself” (&lt;em&gt;Je &lt;strong&gt;m’&lt;/strong&gt; évanouis&lt;/em&gt;); in Spanish, one does not just feel happy,&#xA;but “feels oneself happy” (&lt;em&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; siento feliz&lt;/em&gt;)', in German, one does&#xA;not just remember, but “ remembers oneself” (&lt;em&gt;Ich erinnere &lt;strong&gt;mich&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;)—&#xA;similarly. This can even apply to nonsentient objects: in Spanish, if&#xA;a window broke, it “broke itself”—after all, it didn’t break something else, and thus &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; quebró la ventana&lt;/em&gt; “The window broke.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T05:51:14.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8311" CreationDate="2018-07-22T05:55:52.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;John McWhorter &lt;a href=&quot;https://americanstudies.columbia.edu/people/john-h-mcwhorter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhD Linguistics (Stanford)&lt;/a&gt; expounds this, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/006052085X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Power of Babel&lt;/em&gt; (2003)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dMlku.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dMlku.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10864" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T05:55:52.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26924" CreationDate="2018-07-22T11:02:49.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; is a very versatile preposition. Depending on the context, it can mean &lt;em&gt;by, through, at, in, on, for, because of&lt;/em&gt;... etc. In these constructions, the preposition acts similarly to the &lt;em&gt;at&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tomorrow [in the] morning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yesterday at dawn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the equivalents of &lt;em&gt;afternoon&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;morning&lt;/em&gt; a preposition isn't needed in some Romance languages (or English as you note):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fr&lt;/code&gt; Demain matin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;It&lt;/code&gt; Domani mattina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ro&lt;/code&gt; Mâine dimineață.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in many other Romance languages one is used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pt&lt;/code&gt; Amanhã &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; manhã.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gl&lt;/code&gt; Mañá &lt;strong&gt;pola&lt;/strong&gt; mañá.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sp&lt;/code&gt; Mañana &lt;strong&gt;por la&lt;/strong&gt; mañana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ca&lt;/code&gt; Demà &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; matí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Co&lt;/code&gt; Dumane &lt;strong&gt;à&lt;/strong&gt; dumani.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the split of languages here, and additionally knowing the Spanish phrase has had currency since the earliest Old Spanish documents&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and that the Latin phrase &lt;em&gt;crās māne&lt;/em&gt; lacked such a preposition, it seems this development occurred early in Iberian vulgar romance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may have evolved by analogy to how in Latin &quot;tomorrow evening&quot; was distinguished as a noun &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tomorrow_night#Translations_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;crastinus vesperi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; vs as an adverb &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tomorrow_night#Translations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cras ad vesperum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, or by analogy to how &lt;em&gt;per&lt;/em&gt; was used in other Latin time constructions&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (e.g. &lt;em&gt;per diem, per noctem, per Dionysia&lt;/em&gt; etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;...oy es día bueno e mejor será &lt;strong&gt;cras; por la mañana&lt;/strong&gt; prieta todos armados seades...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;...&lt;strong&gt;cras a la mañana&lt;/strong&gt; pensemos de cavalgar...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poema de Mio Cid&lt;/em&gt;, 1140 - (&lt;em&gt;&quot;por la mañana&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, CORDE)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=BWzNDgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA242&amp;amp;lpg=PA242&amp;amp;dq=cras+mane&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nominal Apposition in Indo-European: Its Forms and Functions, and its Evolution in Latin-Romance&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Brigitte L. M. Bauer (p.242-244)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin_vocabulary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgar_Latin_vocabulary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T11:49:04.427" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T11:49:04.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26662" CreationDate="2018-07-22T17:46:06.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de estas palabras viene de latín, en cual la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; sí era pronunciada, tal como en castellano antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishetym.com/term/ah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt; ← &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=ah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt; (← aha)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;oh ← &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=oh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bah&lt;/a&gt; ← &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=vah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aha ← ehem?&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ahaha ← ahahe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado esto, parece credible que las otras palabras (&lt;em&gt;eh&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;uh&lt;/em&gt; etc) deben sus ortografías a la influencia de las palabras ya existentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que la explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;por extender el sonido de la 'a', y mostrar el afecto grande de la pasión.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(que también a veces se da para explicar la ortografía de las interjecciones italianas&lt;sup&gt;3 4&lt;/sup&gt;) es retroactiva. Es decir, después de que la &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; ya no se pronunciaba, la &lt;em&gt;-h&lt;/em&gt; terminal ortográfica se asoció con interjecciones, y por eso el efecto emocional en este contexto (no al contrario).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Terreros y Pando (G-O) (1787)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Rosal (1611)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://italian.stackexchange.com/questions/3929/complete-list-of-nonforeign-spelling-exceptions-involving-the-use-of-the-letter/9221#9221&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Popular Educator: A complete Encyclopædia... Vol. III&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Cassell, Petter and Galpin (Lessons in Italian - IV, P.148)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; En francés y italiano, esta &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; también es silenciosa pero todavía preservada en sus interjecciones cognadas:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sup&gt; • &lt;strong&gt;Italiano:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/ah/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/eh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eh&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/oh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;òh&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/uh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uh&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/bah/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bah&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://italian.stackexchange.com/questions/3929/complete-list-of-nonforeign-spelling-exceptions-involving-the-use-of-the-letter/9221#9221&quot;&gt;ahi, ahimè, ehi, ohi, ohimè, deh, doh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; &lt;sup&gt; • &lt;strong&gt;Francés:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/ah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ah&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/eh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eh&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/oh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oh&lt;/a&gt;, ouh, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/bah&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T19:05:10.000" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T19:05:10.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="172" CreationDate="2018-07-22T23:45:55.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I wish!&amp;quot; to show disbelief:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Juan me dijo que bailas muy bien. [Juan told me you're a very good dancer.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: ¡Ya mero!  Pues no.  Seguro que te estaba tomando el pelo. [Yeah, right. Well, no.  He must have been pulling your leg.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;You wish!&amp;quot; to show rejection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: Me ayudas a pasar este piano para otra parte? [Will you help me take this piano somewhere else?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B: ¡¿Cómo crees?!  [Wait, what?!  Dream on!]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these expressions, &amp;quot;ya mero&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Cómo crees&amp;quot; are nice and sarcastic.  Another good sarcastic expression of disbelief is &amp;quot;Ay sí&amp;quot; [&lt;em&gt;Yeah, sure&lt;/em&gt;], which  doesn't work very well in print, because the sarcasm comes across primarily from the tone of voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T23:45:55.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26953" CreationDate="2018-07-23T08:48:16.323" Score="10" ViewCount="2062" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26927/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; hemos visto que, al contrario que en otros idiomas, en español usamos &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OJHi0DU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la misma palabra&lt;/a&gt; para hablar de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la parte del día comprendida entre el amanecer y el mediodía, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el día que sigue inmediatamente al de hoy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas dos acepciones ya aparecían en el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3yx4s.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3yx4s.png&quot; alt=&quot;Mañana&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la etimología de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;[hora] *maneāna&lt;/em&gt; '[a hora] temprana'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parece que el primer significado fue el de &quot;hora temprana del día&quot;. ¿Es esto así? Y si lo es, en algún momento se debió añadir a su lista de acepciones la de &quot;el día siguiente al de hoy&quot;. ¿Cuándo y cómo ocurrió eso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-23T08:55:26.797" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:57:23.247" Title="¿Qué significado de &quot;mañana&quot; fue antes: el de &quot;día siguiente&quot; o el de &quot;primera hora del día&quot;? ¿Cuándo y cómo se originó el otro?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26789" CreationDate="2018-07-23T12:17:08.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que las palabras escondidas son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se que me pasa, que estoy como loco&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me duele el alma, me duelen los &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coco#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;s&gt;cocos&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... ojos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De tanto llorar como si fuera un nene&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aunque tu estes lejos te llevo en mi &lt;s&gt;pene&lt;/s&gt;... mente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuando te marchaste mi ser quedo roto,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  yo anhelo tus manos, tus labios, tu &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poto#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;s&gt;poto&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... rostro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espero que un dia tu alma inquieta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  te haga regresar y descubras tus &lt;s&gt;tetas&lt;/s&gt;... tretas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Supieras tu cuanto te he echado de menos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  quiero acariciarte y besarte los &lt;s&gt;senos&lt;/s&gt;... dedos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y duermo pensando en tiempos mejores&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando sonreían tus labios &lt;s&gt;menores&lt;/s&gt;... cantores.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Presiento que al irte mi vida te llevas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no se que decirte, tengo &lt;a href=&quot;http://diccionariochileno.cl/term/Mala+cuea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mala &lt;s&gt;cuea&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... estrella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi llanto postrero dejo en mi canción,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si ya te perdi fue solo de... &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/we%C3%B3n#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;s&gt;weón&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/a&gt; cepción (decepción).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para demostrar que sin ti mi alma es nula,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  te ofrezco entera toda mi &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tula#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;s&gt;tula&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... fortuna.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aunque ya no pueda darte cosas nuevas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por ti soy capaz de cortarme las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Weas.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;s&gt;weas&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... venas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Desde que te fuiste mi alma no encaja,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el golpe tremendo de no ver tu &lt;s&gt;raja&lt;/s&gt;... cara.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y solo en mi cuarto mirando el techo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  abrazo mi almohada pensando en tu &lt;s&gt;pecho&lt;/s&gt;... pelo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Solo hay un con suelo pa' mi pena eterna&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el ser el primero al que abriste tus &lt;s&gt;piernas&lt;/s&gt;... senda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuando pasa el tiempo que todo lo borra,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ya no seguiré persiguiendo tu &lt;strong&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=zorra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zorra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;... sombra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tal vez para entonces tu me causes risa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me dará lo mismo si otro hombre te &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asihablamos.com/word/palabra/Pisar.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;s&gt;pisa&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... mira.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y cuando mi amor, mi cariño se pierda&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  podre al fin decirte: andate... &lt;s&gt;a la mierda&lt;/s&gt;... y no vuelvas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes descubrir más canciones humorísticas etc chilenas así aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/132777/Una-taxonomia-de-los-actos-humoristicos.pdf?sequence=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una taxonomía de los actos humorísticos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Clotilde Vivanco Torres et al. (Universidad de Chile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-09-16T23:21:29.917" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T23:21:29.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26931" CreationDate="2018-07-23T13:15:03.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta de ukemi a la pregunta que enlazas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26924/origin-of-the-grammar-of-ma%C3%B1ana-por-x-type-phrases/26927#26927&quot;&gt;Origin of the grammar of &amp;quot;ma&amp;#241;ana por X&amp;quot;-type phrases?&lt;/a&gt;) ya recoge dos aspectos interesantes: &#xA;1) Que también ocurre en gallego&#xA;2) Unas referencias al Poema del Mio Cid en las que se utiliza &lt;strong&gt;cras&lt;/strong&gt; para &quot;el día siguiente al de hoy&quot; y &lt;strong&gt;mañana&lt;/strong&gt; para &quot;a primera hora del día&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19857" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T16:31:22.457" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T16:31:22.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26936" CreationDate="2018-07-23T16:13:23.497" Score="3" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Spanish have different words for &lt;strong&gt;wink&lt;/strong&gt; (one eye) &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;blink&lt;/strong&gt; (both eyes)? What are they? Do I have other options (phrases) to describe eyelid movement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19676" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-07-23T19:05:53.920" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T14:36:20.117" Title="Are different words used for wink and blink?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26935" CreationDate="2018-07-23T17:59:05.397" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wink = guiñar (un ojo)&#xA;&#xA;blink = parpadear&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guiñar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz expr. del románico occid., quizá del lat. tardío cinnus 'señal que se hace con los ojos'; cf. ceño2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Cerrar un ojo momentáneamente quedando el otro abierto, a veces con disimulo por vía de señal o advertencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Entornar los párpados ligeramente, por efecto de la luz o por mala visión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Mar. Dicho de un buque: Dar guiñadas por mal gobierno, marejada u otra causa, o darlas a propósito por medio del timón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Hacerse guiños o señas con los ojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. germ. Irse, huir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parpadear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Abrir y cerrar repetidamente los párpados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de la luminosidad de un cuerpo o de una imagen: Vacilar u oscilar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other verbs related to eye movement can be &lt;code&gt;bizquear&lt;/code&gt; (Padecer estrabismo o simularlo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as you can see, I've included the whole set of meanings of &amp;quot;guiñar&amp;quot;, I think that's what you request, altough they are not as widely used as meanings 1 &amp;amp; 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T17:59:05.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26935" CreationDate="2018-07-23T18:50:13.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SoTR1Wq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pestañear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Mover los párpados.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FjDN7Gn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;entornar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Cerrar los ojos de manera incompleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering more technical words there is also &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blepharospasm.org/spanish1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;blefaroespasmo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El blefaroespasmo es un tipo de distonía focal que consiste en el &lt;strong&gt;cierre involuntario de los párpados&lt;/strong&gt;. El cierre es intenso, crónico, y &lt;strong&gt;bilateral (afecta ambos ojos)&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptosis_palpebral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ptosis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;un descenso permanente del párpado superior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-07-23T19:09:53.413" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T19:09:53.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26942" CreationDate="2018-07-25T05:51:37.380" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/9IG8w3MBJdI?t=49s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this interview&lt;/a&gt;, Pepe Mujica, former president from Uruguay, uses the phrase &lt;em&gt;tener una tacita de marfil&lt;/em&gt; while talking about wealth in countries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Queremos compartimentar. Queremos construir alambrados y muros... y que la desgracia quede a aquel lado y nosotros &lt;strong&gt;tener una tacita de marfil&lt;/strong&gt;... es imposible. Europa termina café con leche, es cuestión de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is it supposed to mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-25T11:39:32.997" LastActivityDate="2018-07-25T13:15:05.187" Title="What does &quot;Tener una tacita de marfil&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26941" CreationDate="2018-07-25T09:10:53.833" Score="3" ViewCount="1515" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estudio español en mi escuela y no sé qué es correcto decir a mis amigos y profesores. Normalmente digo &quot;Muchos gracias&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De hecho hay alguna diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19869" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-26T03:44:57.903" LastActivityDate="2018-07-26T03:44:57.903" Title="&quot;Muchos gracias&quot; o &quot;Mucho gracias&quot;, ¿cuál es correcto?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26940" CreationDate="2018-07-25T09:36:51.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo correcto es &lt;em&gt;muchas gracias&lt;/em&gt;. En español, el adjetivo debe concordar en género y número con el sustantivo. Como &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; es femenino plural, el adjetivo (en este caso, &lt;em&gt;muchas&lt;/em&gt;) también debe estar en femenino plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-07-25T09:36:51.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26939" CreationDate="2018-07-25T09:44:38.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The comment makes reference to have the best part on our side and let the ugly and problematic things outside. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He makes an analogy with having a &lt;code&gt;ivory cup&lt;/code&gt; that is delicated, clear and clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spelling on your question is not correct, it should be &lt;code&gt;tacita de marfil&lt;/code&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19708" LastActivityDate="2018-07-25T09:44:38.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26939" CreationDate="2018-07-25T13:15:05.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it was a confusion by Pepe Mujica when trying to use the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;torre de marfil&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; metaphor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Torre%20de%20marfil.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quisiera saber qué significa la frase &quot;estar encerrado en una torre de marfil”&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se dice del escritor o artista que vive desvinculado de la vida cotidiana, aislado voluntariamente de todo lo que le rodea y atiende solo a la perfección de su obra, indiferente ante la realidad y los problemas del momento. Se aplica al elitismo académico: incapacidad para comunicarse con el mundo exterior y para percibir las necesidades de la sociedad que les rodea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, it refers to a way of evading from the reality in a nihilistic way. Generally used for artists and writers, it can be used sometimes in other contexts such as the one Mujica is expressing: we pretend to live in a perfect world, closing the eyes to injustices that are outside our borders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-25T13:15:05.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26947" CreationDate="2018-07-25T19:40:15.420" Score="5" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;He querido buscar la traducción de esta frase al español, y me he encontrado con que el traductor de Google la traduce como &quot;movimiento audaz&quot;, pero honestamente a mí no me parece una traducción correcta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En sí porque creo que &lt;code&gt;audaz&lt;/code&gt; es cuando algo se realiza con gallardía y destaca con maestría. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo el &quot;bold movement&quot; no refleja esa maestría y habilidad, es más bien todo lo contrario: es un movimiento riesgoso pero que puede resultar efectivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que más se me viene a la mente es &quot;movimiento atrevido&quot; y me parece mejor, sobre todo porque me parece que &quot;fearless&quot; es una mejor traducción para &lt;code&gt;audaz&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte la palabra &lt;code&gt;bold&lt;/code&gt; me refleja el significado de ser &quot;directo&quot;, &quot;claro&quot; , &quot;obvio&quot; , &quot;descarado&quot; y no precisamente audaz. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte diría que &lt;code&gt;bold&lt;/code&gt; es todo lo contrario a &lt;code&gt;audaz&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que es audaz transforma las maneras de resolver el problema.&#xA;El &quot;bold&quot; me parece que es terriblemente directo, o &quot;atrevido&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T06:21:44.223" LastActivityDate="2020-06-17T06:21:44.223" Title="Traducción de &quot;Bold Move&quot; al español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26872" CreationDate="2018-07-25T19:41:08.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré &lt;a href=&quot;http://medicablogs.diariomedico.com/laboratorio/2007/07/04/deben-escribirse-con-articulo-los-nombres-cientificos-en-latin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un articulo&lt;/a&gt; interesante que responde a tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del articulo citado podemos extraer este párrafo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En español, todos los sustantivos tienen género gramatical: masculino,&#xA;  femenino o, más raramente, neutro. Y en latín también. Usados en un&#xA;  texto escrito en español, los nombres científicos latinos de género&#xA;  femenino conservan en español el género femenino; y los de género&#xA;  masculino o neutro en latín adoptan en español el género masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también esta esta parte que me parece importante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso de artículo ante un nombre científico sigue las mismas normas&#xA;  que para el resto de los nombres propios en español. Salamanca o&#xA;  Madrid, por ejemplo, son nombres propios en español, pero eso no&#xA;  quiere decir que no tengan género ni puedan ir precedidos de artículo;&#xA;  sí lo llevan, por ejemplo, en usos especificativos, como cuando uno&#xA;  habla de la Salamanca renacentista (mucho más hermosa, por cierto, que&#xA;  la Salamanca moderna) o del Madrid de los Austrias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De igual manera, escribiremos «Escherichia coli puede causar&#xA;  infecciones oportunistas» o «tratamiento para erradicar Escherichia&#xA;  coli y otras bacterias de la microbiota intestinal»; pero «la&#xA;  Escherichia coli enteropatógena es más frecuente que la&#xA;  enterotoxígena». O escribiremos «en 1894, John Doe llamó a este género&#xA;  Enterococcus, que no debe confundirse con el Enterococcus de la&#xA;  nomenclatura bacteriológica actual».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el articulo también se menciona al principio que la cuestión no esta regulada internacionalmente y es la tradición la que impulsa a que se consideren como nombres propios (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fnCHzHWJpVgxkDLl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esto esta respaldado en este articulo de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;), y por lo tanto en la mayoria de los casos &quot;no&quot; llevan un articulo que los precede.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, los nombres científicos en latín llevan un articulo que los precede de acuerdo al contexto y como se estructure la frase, el hecho de que no existan regulaciones especificas para estos casos nos permite tener cierta libertad en su uso, dado que su uso es enteramente basado en la tradición y no en una norma especial para cada caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19708" LastEditorUserId="19708" LastEditDate="2018-07-26T09:25:38.970" LastActivityDate="2018-07-26T09:25:38.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26945" CreationDate="2018-07-26T02:19:34.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta es la definición de &lt;code&gt;Bold&lt;/code&gt; de acuerdo al &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bold&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fearless before danger / showing or requiring a fearless daring spirit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impudent, presumptuous&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir: que no muestra miedo ante el peligro, o hace gala de una espíritu o actitud que desafía al miedo o al peligro. El resto de acepciones son obsoletas, con el significado de &amp;quot;presuntuoso&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi la traducción que más me gusta para &amp;quot;bold&amp;quot; es &amp;quot;osado&amp;quot;, que es por cierto usado en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4MlGa9n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición de &amp;quot;audaz&amp;quot; en el DRAE&lt;/a&gt;. Osado es aquel me muestra atrevimiento o resolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto hay más traducciones para &lt;code&gt;bold&lt;/code&gt; (todas posiblemente sinónimos de osado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La serie de televisión &lt;em&gt;Batman: the brave and the bold&lt;/em&gt; fue traducida en título al español como &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman:_The_Brave_and_the_Bold&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Batman el Intrépido&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. Intrépido, de acuerdo al DRAE es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;intrépido, da&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que no teme en los peligros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que obra o habla sin reflexión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que se asemeja más a la definición de &lt;code&gt;bold&lt;/code&gt; del diccionario Merriam-WEbster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, yo sí habría osado &amp;quot;movimiento audaz&amp;quot; para &amp;quot;bold move&amp;quot;, aunque reconozco es la connotación de &lt;code&gt;audaz&lt;/code&gt; en esa expresión puede ser también de &amp;quot;astuto&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras, como &amp;quot;movimiento osado&amp;quot; pueden connotar &amp;quot;imprudente&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;falto de tacto o carisma&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;movimiento valiente&amp;quot; quizá sea demasiado plano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducir como &amp;quot;movimiento intrépido&amp;quot; puede ser la opción más correcta, pero he de decir que no vende tan bien (no tiene el mismo valor expresivo) como &amp;quot;movimiento audaz&amp;quot;. En le fondo traducir tiene también mucho de arte, y no solo de ciencia, y &amp;quot;audaz&amp;quot; sea la palabra en español que mejor transmita lo que &amp;quot;bold&amp;quot; quiere decir en &amp;quot;bold move&amp;quot;, aunque haya términos que se asemejen más a la definición de &amp;quot;bold&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-26T02:19:34.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26945" CreationDate="2018-07-26T03:41:41.427" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jugada audaz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así se dice en el ajedrez y de ahí se puede usar en cualquier contexto... si eres audaz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-26T03:41:41.427" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-28T07:01:41.577" Score="3" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy vi el siguiente comentario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy de acuerdo con lo que dice la imagen, sin embargo no tiene nada que ver el texto con la foto, se llama populismo, hitler también lo hacía, no solo publiques por publicar, se asertiva.&#xA;  Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mas allá del contexto, me preguntaba a que se refería con &lt;code&gt;asertivo&lt;/code&gt;, así que busqué el significado en RAE, y encontré esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;asertivo, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De aserto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. afirmativo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Psicol. Dicho de una persona: Que expresa su opinión de manera firme.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Psicol. Propio de una persona asertiva..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, sentí que el significado que el comentario quiso transmitir diciendo &lt;code&gt;asertivo&lt;/code&gt; es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La asertividad es una habilidad social y comunicativa que consiste en conocer los propios derechos y defenderlos, respetando a los demás&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, las fuentes en las cuales se basa este artículo de wikipedia no me parecen confiables&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, por lo cual tenía las siguientes dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existe alguna razón para creer en estas definiciones de asertividad expuestas en Wikipedia y fuentes&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt; y si así lo fuera, es correcta usarla aun si no esta definida así en la RAE?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asertividad#cite_note-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asertividad - Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fundacioncadah.org/web/printPDF.php?idweb=1&amp;amp;account=j289eghfd7511986&amp;amp;contenido=tecnicas-para-conductas-asertivas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recurso de Wikipedia 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saberpsicologia.com/articulos/habilidades-sociales/que-es-la-asertividad/381&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recurso de Wikipedia 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19881" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T03:48:10.267" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T18:24:24.833" Title="Uso correcto de la palabra &quot;asertivo/a&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26950" CreationDate="2018-07-29T02:01:56.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones de &lt;code&gt;asertivo&lt;/code&gt; de esos enlaces de Wikipedia no entran en conflicto con la definición de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes encontrar cómo se define el asertivismo en psicología en multitud de sitios de internet, y todos vienen a decir más o menos que es ese punto medio entre no expresar tus ideas con convicción y el estar tan convencido de que son correctas que intentas imponerlas a los demás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no es un manual de psicología y no va a expandir en si expones o no esas ideas de forma agresiva. Para mi la  clave de la definición del DRAE es &lt;code&gt;convicción&lt;/code&gt;. Expresar tus ideas de forma &lt;em&gt;asertiva&lt;/em&gt; es expresarlas con &lt;em&gt;convicción&lt;/em&gt;. Entiendo que no tiene nada que ver con defenderlas de forma &quot;tranquila&quot; o &quot;no agresiva&quot; como un manual de psicología explicaría, si no más bien de forma &quot;segura&quot; (convencido de lo que dices).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la pregunta: viendo varias páginas de psicología en internet todas definen el &lt;em&gt;asertivismo&lt;/em&gt; de manera similar, por lo que deduzco que podemos dar por buenas la de los enlaces que aportas en la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre si es correcta usarla así incluso si no coincide con la definición del DRAE, ya puede depender de muchas otras cosas. No creo que alguien que exprese sus ideas de forma demasiado pasiva esté siendo asertivo (porque denota falta de convicción). Si la persona es demasiado agresiva, no creo que necesariamente sea no asertiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T02:01:56.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17971" CreationDate="2018-07-29T11:16:40.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me address one more thing, you've got the clue in your first paragraph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English uses &lt;strong&gt;to be + Adj&lt;/strong&gt; whereas Spanish uses &lt;strong&gt;tener + noun&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue would be different if it were &amp;quot;tener + Adj&amp;quot;. Then you should definitely wonder why the verb changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you actually can use &lt;strong&gt;to be + Adj&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. The thing is that it is not common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thirsty = Estoy sediento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am hungry = Estoy hambriento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sleepy = Estoy somnoliento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and many others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the other structure is just more common. HEre, tener means to have, in the sense of &amp;quot;to suffer&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo sed = I suffer from thirst&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo hambre = I suffer from hunger&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo sueño = I suffer from sleepyness&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T11:16:40.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26931" CreationDate="2018-07-29T23:41:04.557" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo primero sería ver que en latín el día siguiente es &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt; y en las lenguas romances el término haya &quot;desaparecido&quot; (sobre esto hablamos luego), por tanto sería cuestión de buscar desde otra lengua latina. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El francés &lt;em&gt;Demain&lt;/em&gt; se origina, según &lt;a href=&quot;http://monsu.desiderio.free.fr/curiosites/demain.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;mane&lt;/em&gt;, es decir a primera hora y citando del artículo (la traducción no es la mejor pero espero que la idea se entienda)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El uso del término en la mañana para designar el día siguiente es común. Se encuentra en alemán &lt;em&gt;Morgen&lt;/em&gt;, danés y noruego &lt;em&gt;i morgen&lt;/em&gt;, sueco &lt;em&gt;Morgon&lt;/em&gt;, holandés &lt;em&gt;Morgen&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;em&gt;Tomorrow&lt;/em&gt; inglés también está relacionado con la partícula  mar- de &lt;em&gt;morning&lt;/em&gt;, está relacionado con la idea de la luz, de algo que brilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir que el cambio no afectó solo al mundo latino sino también aplica otras familias lingüísticas. Y aunque parece que en latín &lt;em&gt;mane&lt;/em&gt; ya hacía intentos para ser la palabra que designara al día siguiente y aunque nuestro objetivo es en español, se menciona que en frances &lt;em&gt;Demain&lt;/em&gt; ya era aceptada hacia el 1080.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora, sobre cuando se asienta el mañana en términos de futuro en español, vale aclarar que la única lengua que preservó el cras, como decía Pedro, es el español, y si buscamos en escritos entre la época del cid y el diccionario de Nebrija (época en la cual el mañana ya debe ser popular) encontramos en &lt;em&gt;El Libro del Buen Amor&lt;/em&gt; del Arcipreste de Hita (mediados del siglo XIV) se menciona la frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;si oy casar la quieren, cras de otro se enamora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;además &lt;em&gt;de hoy en cras&lt;/em&gt; (una especie de refrán) lo que nos da a entender que el término se populariza después. El &lt;em&gt;Rimado de Palacio&lt;/em&gt; de Pedro Lopez (final del siglo XIV) aparece &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los que los sus pecados non quieren confesar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e cras e cras diziendo lo quieren alongar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solamente hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XV aparece escrito el mañana sin el cras (en La Celestina y a la Gramática de Nebrija). En obras como el Conde Lucanor o el Libro del Buen Amor, mañana es temprano. Así pues, la palabra no se nota sino hacia el siglo XV (en escrito) y ya entramos en especulaciones, pero lo más probable es que el cambio a nivel popular fuese incluso desde los mismos tiempos que en Francia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T10:26:50.927" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T10:26:50.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-30T00:12:58.300" Score="2" ViewCount="1187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero desear que alguien disfrute de un regalo con la frase (en inglés): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enjoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diviértete&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Disfruta&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿o hay alguna más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El destinatario es puertorriqueño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16908" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T07:26:34.960" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T22:58:47.567" Title="¿&quot;Diviértete&quot; o &quot;disfruta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26954" CreationDate="2018-07-30T00:26:53.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso dices: &lt;em&gt;Disfruta este regalo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los significados de los dos verbos se solapan (tienen cosas en común), pero si tuviera que traducirlos al inglés diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diviértete&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Have fun!&quot;, &quot;Do these things and get pleasure from doing them&quot;, &quot;Do these fun things and let yourself be distracted from other things&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disfruta&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Enjoy!&quot;, &quot;Get pleasure from this thing you got or this activity you're doing&quot;, &quot;Take advantage of this to enjoy yourself; use this to enjoy yourself&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disfrutar&lt;/em&gt; implica consumir, gastar, incorporar, usar. Disfrutas un día en la playa, un regalo, la vida. Es un verbo transitivo, es decir, lleva un objeto directo (opcional), aunque también puede llevar un complemento con la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Yo disfruto algo.&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;Yo disfruto &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; algo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Divertirse&lt;/em&gt; implica hacer alguna actividad y distraerse. Es un verbo intransitivo, es decir, no lleva objeto directo. &lt;em&gt;Yo me divierto haciendo algo.&lt;/em&gt; No puedes decir &lt;em&gt;*Diviértete este regalo.&lt;/em&gt; Podrías decir quizá &lt;em&gt;Diviértete &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; este regalo.&lt;/em&gt; Esto sería si el regalo es algo que se pueda usar, por ejemplo un juego de mesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T00:26:53.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26956" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-30T08:19:43.143" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hemos visto en preguntas anteriores que en latín se distinguía la palabra &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;a primera hora del día&quot; de &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;el día siguiente al actual&quot;. En este último caso la palabra usada era &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día el DLE sigue recogiendo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BCPZhOq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; pero está marcada como en desuso. Sin embargo, ¿existe alguna palabra de uso común hoy día que derive de &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T08:19:43.143" Title="¿Existe en español alguna palabra no en desuso derivada del latín &quot;cras&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26956" CreationDate="2018-07-30T08:19:43.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí que existe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UG8b6uO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;procrastinar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;procrastināre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Diferir, aplazar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE no da más etimología que esa, pero en Etymonline &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/procrastination&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;podemos ver&lt;/a&gt; que la palabra &lt;em&gt;procrastināre&lt;/em&gt; significa literalmente &quot;posponer hasta mañana&quot; y viene de &lt;em&gt;pro&lt;/em&gt; 'para' y &lt;em&gt;crastinus&lt;/em&gt; 'que pertenece al día siguiente', siendo esta un derivado de &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt; 'mañana'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T08:19:43.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26969" CreationDate="2018-07-30T10:49:00.660" Score="4" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que si buscas &quot;como&quot; en el DLE te encuentras con dos resultados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWAAKF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWAAKF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del gr. κῶμος kômos 'fiesta con cantos y bailes por las calles', 'tropa impetuosa', 'festín, banquete'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. desus. Burla, chasco. Dar como, o un como.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que la segunda es aquella que todos pensaríamos como principal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. quomŏdo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Puede escribirse con acento en acep. 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adv. relat. En el que, en el cual o en que. U. con los antecedentes nominales manera, modo, forma o con los antecedentes adverbiales así, tal e igual. Me encantaba la manera como sonreía. Lo hice tal como me dijiste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y así hasta 18 acepciones del uso de &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; como adverbio, conjunción y preposición, así como las locuciones en desuso &lt;em&gt;como quier que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;en como&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué lógica utiliza la RAE para colocar las entradas? ¿No debería en algún momento permutar el orden para primar el &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; conocido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T06:46:02.717" Title="¿Por qué la primera entrada de &quot;como&quot; es la que está en desuso? Más generalmente, ¿cómo se elige el orden de las entradas del diccionario?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26959" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-30T12:38:24.220" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a poem where the persona wants to throw herself into the river. The persona is Puertoriqueña. I had typed &quot;Voy a echarme&quot; but I am wondering if 'arrojarme', 'tirarme', or even 'lanzarme' would be better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular river is in a gorge, and would be quite a dive or fall. Would the diference in word choice depend on the degree of violence felt in the act?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19886" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T12:46:05.260" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T17:47:24.050" Title="Echar, arrojar, tirar, lanzar... for throwing oneself in a river" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;puerto-rico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26961" CreationDate="2018-07-30T14:14:01.440" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a New York Times (Spanish version) &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nytimes.com/es/2018/07/30/madrid-venezolanos-inversiones-inmobiliarias/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MADRID — . La inflación es vertiginosa y &lt;strong&gt;se espera se que supere&lt;/strong&gt; un millón por ciento para finales de año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know what the sentence means, but why the extra 'se' after 'espera'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a translation error (typo)?  Would a native speaker from Spain say it this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18642" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T14:52:41.663" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T15:56:38.903" Title="Why the extra 'se' in 'se espera se que supere'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26960" CreationDate="2018-07-30T14:46:53.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's wrong. It's probably meant to be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se espera &lt;strong&gt;que se&lt;/strong&gt; supere 1M.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T15:56:38.903" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T15:56:38.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26931" CreationDate="2018-07-30T16:13:52.803" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como sus raíces latinas, el primer significado fue el de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;hora temprana del día&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes confirmar esto buscando los términos en el CORDE. &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt; se usaba hasta el medio del siglo XIV, cuando &lt;em&gt;mañana&lt;/em&gt; se comienza usar con su segundo sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Tomorrow&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Morning&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;cras&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mane&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;cras&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;maneana&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;cras [mañana]&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mañana&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mañana&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;mañana&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sentido de &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;día después de hoy&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; viene o de una contracción de la frase &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;cras mañana&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, o simplemente un hipónimo para &lt;em&gt;cras&lt;/em&gt;. Este fenómeno (usar la palabra para &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;temprano en el día&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; para referir al &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;día después de hoy&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;) ha pasado en muchas lenguas&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/22024/are-tomorrow-and-morning-etymologically-related&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/linguistics/comments/7nc73e/why_are_the_words_for_morning_and_tomorrow_often/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/connection-between-tomorrow-and-morning-in-many-languages.3290707/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Germanic&lt;/code&gt; morgen/morgen &lt;sup&gt;(Danish, Dutch, German, Old English, Yiddish ( מאָרגן‎‎ (morgn)))&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Finnish&lt;/code&gt; huomen/huomenna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Arabic&lt;/code&gt; buqra/buqra &lt;sup&gt;(Lebanese)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en casi todas las lenguas romances (salvo el sardo, que es muy conservador):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en la mayoría de las lenguas &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_iberorromances&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iberorromances&lt;/a&gt;, hay un doble de palabras derivadas de &lt;em&gt;mane&lt;/em&gt; para las dos significaciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en la mayoría de las lenguas &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_galorromances&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;galorromances&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_italo-d%C3%A1lmatas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;italo-dálmatas&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra derivada de &lt;em&gt;de + mane&lt;/em&gt; ha tomado solo el sentido de &lt;em&gt;'el próximo día'&lt;/em&gt; y una nueva palabra derivada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/matutinus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mātūtīnus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;Mātūta&lt;/em&gt;, la diosa de la mañana) ha suplido la definición original&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gLaoF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gLaoF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:57:23.247" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:57:23.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26959" CreationDate="2018-07-30T16:52:17.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of them sounds good to me, but my least favorite are &quot;tirarme and echarme&quot;, by the intensity of the act (a gorge is kind of a big jump) y would use lanzarme. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about connotations : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from worst to the best &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tirarme&lt;/strong&gt; has  definitely the worst connotation (almost like giving up) as tirar almost means to throw away. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrojarme&lt;/strong&gt; has a mid level connotation, not bad or good, but is not neutral either, as when you &quot;arrojas&quot; mostly is to the unknown and unexpected&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  example: &quot;ser arrojado&quot; is an expression of someone who fears nothing but also expects the worst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Echarme&lt;/strong&gt; is the true neutral connotation, and so neutral it actually depicts laziness as when someone &quot;se echa&quot; is almost like lying down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;strong&gt;Lanzarme&lt;/strong&gt; has an adventurous connotation, like going to the adventure and the unknown but like a lance, sharp, fast, brave and directed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  in contrast to &quot;ser arrojado, &quot;ser lanzado&quot; is someone who goes for the victory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that poetry is more about the embodiment of the feelings that the one of the actions, and if you want to tell that someone is jumping on a cliff you don't need to put it exactly into words...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can change &quot;echarme&quot; or &quot;tirarme&quot; to &quot;perderme&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;we can change &quot;lanzarme&quot; to &quot;atreverme&quot; or &quot;enfrentarme&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-07-30T17:47:24.050" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T17:47:24.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26966" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26967" CreationDate="2018-07-30T18:40:12.543" Score="5" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just in Albuquerque, New Mexico and riding a local bus.  The door had a sign saying (in English and Spanish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait for Light Then Open Door &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Espere la Señal, Luego Habra la Puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from the comma missing in the English text, I am confused about the use of &lt;code&gt;Haber&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Abrir&lt;/code&gt; in the Spanish text.  To me it seems to say &lt;code&gt;Then there will be the door&lt;/code&gt; (except that then technically it should be &lt;code&gt;habrá&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a mis-translation?  Or a use of &lt;code&gt;Haber&lt;/code&gt; that I am not familiar with? Or perhaps a regional usage of &lt;code&gt;Haber&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8es4d.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8es4d.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4251" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T04:11:49.600" Title="Translation of &quot;Then open the door&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26966" CreationDate="2018-07-30T18:43:46.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right. &amp;quot;Habrá&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;there will be&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sign is wrong. The word should be &amp;quot;Abrir&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the use of the capitals is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct alternatives would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espere la señal luminosa, luego abra la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espere (por) la luz y abra la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espere que la luz se encienda y abra la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case the correct word is &lt;strong&gt;abra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T18:43:46.410" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26966" CreationDate="2018-07-31T04:11:49.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What was meant was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abra&lt;/strong&gt; (formal imperative for &lt;em&gt;abrir&lt;/em&gt;, to open)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Confusion about which words take a silent H and which don't is extremely common among Mexicans, Mexican Americans and Chicanos.  If someone has a little trouble with this aspect of spelling, by no means can we assume the person is ignorant, stupid or uneducated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a certain charm in this sign.  It is written in a natural way, and reads like it was designed by someone bilingual.  A scenario that suggests itself is that the person who wrote it works at the bus company, was raised speaking Spanish at home and some other settings, but had formal schooling primarily or entirely in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A native speaker of Spanish will imagine the &lt;em&gt;sound&lt;/em&gt; of the word and parse it accordingly.  Learners of Spanish understandably lean more on the written letters to figure things out, and might find it confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the capitalization: In English it's normal to use title case for signs; it's only natural that a bilingual sign carry that over to the Spanish.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://ux.stackexchange.com/a/28299/69183&quot;&gt;https://ux.stackexchange.com/a/28299/69183&lt;/a&gt; (regarding headings and instructions in websites: &quot;Title case propagates in Spanish pages because it's easier to write and because of the influence of the USA sites&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T04:11:49.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26958" CreationDate="2018-07-31T06:46:02.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que la respuesta viene en las &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola/que-contiene/item-numero-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Advertencias para el uso del diccionario&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando se produce una confluencia entre varios lemas de distinto origen etimológico, estos se distinguen mediante el empleo de un superíndice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sigue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El orden de los artículos distinguidos por el superíndice depende de la mayor o menor antigüedad de su incorporación al Diccionario.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego añade:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El superíndice también diferencia los infinitivos verbales de las formas sustantivadas derivadas de ellos&lt;/strong&gt;. En este caso, el artículo correspondiente al sustantivo, que no lleva etimología, aparece siempre en segundo lugar. P. ej.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;amanecer&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. (De lat. hisp. &lt;em&gt;manescĕre&lt;/em&gt;). intr. impers. Empezar a aparecer la luz del día. &lt;em&gt;Amanece a las ocho. Amanece nublado&lt;/em&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;amanecer&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. m. Tiempo durante el cual amanece. &lt;em&gt;El amanecer de un día de mayo&lt;/em&gt;. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso concreto de &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;, el Mapa de diccionarios muestra entradas de ambos ya en 1780. Y de hecho, el NTLLE nos muestra entradas ya de Nebrija en 1495: &lt;em&gt;Como comparando.ut.quemadmodum&lt;/em&gt;. Y así lo mismo con Covarrubias (1611) y los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T06:46:02.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26972" CreationDate="2018-07-31T09:29:43.360" Score="6" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge la palabra &lt;em&gt;hincha&lt;/em&gt;, cuya acepción más común actualmente es la relacionada con el deporte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KPbh4YZ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hincha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De &lt;em&gt;hinchar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. coloq. Odio, encono o enemistad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Partidario entusiasta de alguien o algo, especialmente de un equipo deportivo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco me encuentro en el foro del Centro Virtual Cervantes &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=16549#58667&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta posible explicación&lt;/a&gt; al comentario de otro preguntando si realmente viene de Uruguay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Algo de eso debe de haber. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/glosafut.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;glosario de términos futbolísticos usados en América&lt;/a&gt; puede leerse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Hincha. (1910) Uruguayismo. Forofo, seguidor. En los partidos que disputaba el Nacional de Montevideo, se hacía oír a lo largo del encuentro el grito «¡Arriba Nacional!». Se popularizó el grito y cuando se preguntaba que quién lo emitía, se respondía que Reyes, el que hincha los balones del club a pleno pulmón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay referencias al respecto? ¿Es esta la explicación real?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T11:44:17.123" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T02:26:43.117" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;hincha&quot; para referirse a un seguidor de un equipo deportivo?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-31T10:13:52.373" Score="7" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imaginad que me encuentro con un amigo al que no he visto desde hace mucho tiempo. Le podría decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Hola, Paco! ¡Hace siglos que &lt;strong&gt;no nos vemos&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿cuál es la razón por la que usamos el presente &quot;vemos&quot; cuando la acción &quot;no nos vemos&quot; ya ha finalizado? (porque justo en ese momento nos estamos viendo). En inglés, por ejemplo, se diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We &lt;strong&gt;haven't seen&lt;/strong&gt; each other for years!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en francés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ça fait longtemps qu'&lt;strong&gt;on ne s'est pas vus&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o incluso &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ça &lt;strong&gt;faisait&lt;/strong&gt; longtemps qu'&lt;strong&gt;on ne s'était pas vus&lt;/strong&gt;! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;formulación en la cual la referencia al pasado es aún más evidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19075" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T11:47:40.213" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T07:40:31.477" Title="¿Por qué usamos el presente para indicar una acción que ya ha finalizado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26970" CreationDate="2018-07-31T11:15:03.980" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra se recoge por primera vez en el DLE con la acepción de &quot;partidario fanático de un equipo de fútbol&quot; en su edición de 1970. Es pues algo aparentemente reciente. Sin embargo, se encuentran casos anteriores a esa fecha en el CORDE, curiosamente entrecomillados dando a entender que la palabra se usaba como si fuera una jerga reciente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡Vamos por la séptima Copa! —dijo aquel &quot;hincha&quot; del Madrid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Meigallo, &quot;Puyazos&quot; [El Pito. Revista deportiva de humor para adultos, 2 de mayo de 1967].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes de 1950, todos los casos que encuentro son conjugaciones del verbo &lt;em&gt;hinchar&lt;/em&gt; o de la acepción de &quot;odio&quot;. Así que nos pasamos a la Hemeroteca y encontramos que el entrecomillado debía ser por no estar la palabra aún registrada oficialmente, porque hay casos de varias décadas antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo no sé si la prometida de «Handicap» es hincha del Celta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Heraldo de Madrid. 12/11/1930, página 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro casos anteriores a 1930 pero a partir de ahí se encuentran bastantes casos, por lo que la palabra debió de llegar a España sobre esa época. La hemeroteca del diario ABC confirma este dato ya que el primer caso así es también de noviembre de 1930:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y así presenciamos el encuentro unas docenas de personas entre&lt;/em&gt; hinchas, &lt;em&gt;incondicionales y críticos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC. Domingo 2 de noviembre de 1930. Edición de Andalucía, pág. 39.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que estas hemerotecas solo tienen documentos de España. Si el origen está en Uruguay habrá que consultar otras fuentes. En la hemeroteca de la BIBNA podemos leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] la discusión, entablada entre sus partidarios [del peludo Maeso] por un lado y los&lt;/em&gt; hinchas &lt;em&gt;del poeta Basso Maglio, por otro, acerca de [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Pluma, Año 3, v. 10 (feb. 1929).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer caso que encuentro no es muy anterior pero tiene la particularidad de que no habla de los &lt;em&gt;hinchas&lt;/em&gt; de ningún equipo de fútbol, sino de un poeta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el Fichero General de la RAE (más que nada porque el buscador de la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de Argentina no me quiere hacer caso) veo que hay algunas fichas que sitúan su origen en Argentina además de en Uruguay, y que la definen como &quot;fervientes defensores de una causa&quot;, dándole un sentido más general. Precisamente habla de Argentina una ficha que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el habla porteña se aplica al 'Fanático de un equipo deportivo' porque fastidia y molesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Este origen es el que llevo elucubrando desde que empecé a redactar: que las dos acepciones deben de estar relacionadas. Si viendo un partido se te pone a tu lado un &lt;em&gt;hincha&lt;/em&gt; del equipo contrario, cuanto más grite y pasión le ponga más &lt;em&gt;hincha&lt;/em&gt; le tomarás.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras fichas aclaran que la palabra se popularizó España por la llegada de futbolistas profesionales argentinos y uruguayos. De ahí que la palabra aparezca en España más tarde, y a partir de una fecha concreta. Sería interesante ver qué jugador o jugarores de fútbol profesionales llegaron a España a finales de 1930. Aunque también pudo importarla algún cronista deportivo que viajara a aquellos países por la época (en alguna ficha apuntan a Jacinto Miquelarena).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-01T07:54:04.603" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T07:54:04.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-07-31T15:31:33.727" Score="1" ViewCount="4150" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me interesa cuál de las siguientes posibilidades es mejor o más correcta. ¿Se escribe &quot;me parece difícil&quot; o &quot;me parece ser difícil&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18353" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T15:34:23.900" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T20:28:36.690" Title="El uso de &quot;parece&quot; o &quot;parece ser&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26973" CreationDate="2018-07-31T15:52:58.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Me parece difícil&quot; es para mi la forma correcta o la más apropiada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He escuchado las formas &quot;Me parece &lt;strong&gt;que es&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y &quot;me parece &lt;strong&gt;que esta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  para usar los verbos ser y estar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero rara vez he escuchado &quot;Me parece ser&quot;, aunque no tengo ningún argumento para descalificarla pues a su vez tendría concordancia con &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me parece estar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y si he escuchado ese tipo de construcciones, pero sin el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parece ser&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;Parece estar&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez dependa de la región o del estilo propio de comunicarse de cada quien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T15:52:58.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26971" CreationDate="2018-07-31T16:07:10.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because the constructions are about something that is currently happening that hasn't happened in a long time. Thus the verb can be in the present tense. The other option is the imperfect past (&lt;em&gt;copretérito&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-07-31T18:31:25.863" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T18:31:25.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26973" CreationDate="2018-07-31T20:28:36.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dicen todos, lo correcto es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me parece difícil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ver por qué, es mejor no omitir sujetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes decir &lt;code&gt;Eso me parece difícil&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Eso parece difícil&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;Eso parece ser difícil&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no la otra? ¿Por qué no &lt;code&gt;Eso me parece ser difícil&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es que, al incluir el complemento indirecto, estamos rompiendo la unión &lt;code&gt;parece ser&lt;/code&gt;, que actúa como si fuera una especie de &quot;verbo único&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El complemento indirecto no deja duda de que &lt;code&gt;parecer&lt;/code&gt; se emplea como verbo principal. Entonces &lt;code&gt;ser difícil&lt;/code&gt; sería atributo, y no es apropiado que una forma impersonal haga referencia a un pronombre &quot;eso&quot;, por muy neutro que sea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí puedes decir &lt;code&gt;Eso me parece que es difícil&lt;/code&gt;, porque &lt;code&gt;que es difícil&lt;/code&gt; sí es un atributo válido (proposición subordinada sustantiva), porque el pronombre &quot;que&quot; lo enlaza con el sujeto &quot;Eso&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-07-31T20:28:36.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26971" CreationDate="2018-08-01T07:08:16.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que esta pregunta es un buen ejemplo de las increíbles capacidades del español para decir mucho más de lo que se está expresando verbalmente. Si la persona que dice eso tuviera que ser meticulosamente exacta y literal, obviamente al ver a su amigo tendría que considerar que la acción de &quot;no vernos&quot; ya ha concluido puesto que ya lo ha visto, y la frase tendría que ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacía siglos que no nos veíamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una frase que sí, es exacta, pero comparémosla con la original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hace siglos que no nos vemos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí la diferencia entre ambas es lo que es hablante quiere expresar realmente con &quot;vemos&quot;. En el primer caso se puede tomar de forma literal: ea, ya nos hemos visto, la acción de &quot;no vernos&quot; queda en el pasado. ¿Y en el segundo caso? Tal vez ahí lo que &quot;no vernos&quot; implica es algo más: &quot;no vernos&quot; implica no saber nada del otro, no sentarnos a tomar algo y charlar de nuestras vidas, no ponernos al día, etc. El mero hecho de ver (literalmente) a la otra persona no hace que la acción de &quot;no pararnos a charlar&quot; haya terminado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, creo que el uso del presente es simplemente la voluntad del hablante de querer hacer algo más con su interlocutor que &quot;verlo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T07:08:16.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26971" CreationDate="2018-08-01T07:40:31.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el artículo de la Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modo_indicativo_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modo indicativo en español&lt;/a&gt;, sección &lt;em&gt;Tiempo presente&lt;/em&gt;, nos detalla todas las casuísticas en las que el presente del indicativo puede utilizarse. Es una lectura interesante, pues contiene por ejemplo el presente prospectivo del que se hablaba en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17306/1674&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la explicación del uso del presente simple con función de futuro?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso particular, creo yo que estamos en un caso de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;presente habitual&lt;/strong&gt; indica una repetición de acciones o procesos que se dan en la época del hablante: &lt;em&gt;Me levanto a las ocho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O, como indican &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=63heLVFoS4EC&amp;amp;lpg=PA91&amp;amp;ots=b01foxSf3G&amp;amp;dq=presente%20%22persistente%22%20espa%C3%B1ol&amp;amp;pg=PA91#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=presente%20%22persistente%22%20espa%C3%B1ol&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en otro lugar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expresa acciones o procesos que se producen cíclicamente y, por lo tanto, no tienen por qué coincidir necesariamente con el momento de la enunciación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Todos los días &lt;em&gt;salgo&lt;/em&gt; a pasear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Frecuentemente me lo &lt;em&gt;encuentro&lt;/em&gt; en la calle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Van&lt;/em&gt; a Londres todos los veranos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi interpretación es que en este caso hay una situación habitual de no verse y a la que se está haciendo referencia. El hecho de que se vean en este momento no impide que se genere una &quot;meta conversación&quot; en la que se indica que habitualmente no se están viendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T07:40:31.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26979" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-01T09:38:38.973" Score="4" ViewCount="7984" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/futbol/opinion/2017/03/09/58c1327622601d4e348b4643.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo deportivo&lt;/a&gt; hace un tiempo me encontré con la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me parece mentira que tenga que venir yo aquí a cantar &lt;strong&gt;las verdades del barquero&lt;/strong&gt; por omisión de la inmensa mayoría del periodismo deportivo español. No hubo remontada sino remolcada: el árbitro remolcó al Barça hasta los cuartos de final. Como dijo Mourinho en su día, a mí me daría vergüenza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduciendo, con &lt;em&gt;las verdades del barquero&lt;/em&gt; lo que el autor dice es que le toca a él ser la persona que diga las cosas como son, expresar claramente lo que otros no quieren decir o ver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me hizo gracia la expresión, que había oído otras veces, así que me puse a investigar su origen y di con no uno, sino dos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://fraseomania.blogspot.com/2018/02/las-verdades-del-barquero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo de Fraseomanía&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La más difundida se basa en la anécdota de un barquero, que algunos sitúan en el río Tajo a su paso por la Alta Extremadura. El individuo surcaba las aguas turbulentas del río en el paraje donde hoy se encuentra el pantano de Alcántara, llevando en su barca a los viandantes que querían atravesarlo para ir entre las localidades de Talaván y Casas de Millán. Cierto día un estudiante le pidió que le llevara en su barca gratis, pues andaba escaso de recursos, ante lo cual el barquero le respondió que lo haría de buen grado si conseguía impactarle con tres verdades irrefutables. Una vez habían alcanzado la otra orilla, el joven bachiller le dijo al barquero las dos primeras verdades: «&lt;em&gt;pan duro, mejor duro que ninguno&lt;/em&gt;» y «&lt;em&gt;zapato malo, más vale en el pie que no en la mano&lt;/em&gt;», en alusión a la antigua costumbre de quitarse los zapatos cuando el suelo estaba embarrado para no estropearlos. Cuando el barquero pensaba que ya no podría superarse, el joven le dejó impactado con una tercera verdad: «&lt;em&gt;si a todos pasas de balde como a mí, dime, barquero, ¿qué haces aquí?&lt;/em&gt;». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay una segunda posibilidad que relaciona este dicho con la mitología clásica. Según los antiguos griegos, las almas de los muertos eran conducidos por Caronte sobre una barca que cruzaba el río Aqueronte hacia el inframundo gobernado por Hades. Tras cobrarles una moneda por el viaje, el barquero advertía a los muertos de cuánto les aguardaba al otro lado del río, sin retorno posible al mundo de los vivos. Si éstos no tenían con qué pagarle o no habían sido enterrados debidamente, Caronte los  arrojaba de la barca sin dudarlo hacia las profundidades procelosas de aquel río.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera hipótesis tiene &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/amando-de-miguel/el-origen-de-algunas-frases-hechas-28773/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otros defensores&lt;/a&gt; con versiones parecidas (Salamanca en lugar de la Alta Extremadura). El hecho de que se localice en zonas de España me hace pensar que seguramente sea una expresión desconocida en Hispanoamérica: ¿es así? Si el origen fuera el de la segunda hipótesis entonces sí podría estar extendido a ese lado del español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues: ¿cuál es el origen? ¿Alguien tiene alguna fuente oficial donde nos explique de dónde viene esta expresión? ¿Se usa en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T14:22:28.730" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;verdades del barquero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26970" CreationDate="2018-08-01T12:13:10.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En muchísimos sitios, algunos generalmente fiables (como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/palabra/hincha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la web de Ricardo Soca&lt;/a&gt;, recogida también por &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?hincha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;, o el de &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/por-que-al-seguidor-de-un-equipo-se-le-llama-hincha/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alfred López&lt;/a&gt;), además de algún diario deportivo como el &lt;a href=&quot;https://as.com/tikitakas/2016/10/25/portada/1477377329_210555.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;As&lt;/a&gt; o incluso la página de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.laliga.es/noticias/origen-de-la-palabra-hincha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Liga de Fútbol Profesional&lt;/a&gt; española se da el mismo origen: la historia de un uruguayo llamado Prudencio Miguel Reyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según esta historia, Reyes trabajaba a principios del siglo pasado como utillero en el Nacional de Montevideo, uno de los principales clubes de fútbol de Uruguay. Su trabajo consistía, entre otras cosas, en hinchar los balones que usaba el equipo en partidos y entrenamientos; de ahí que lo llamaran &lt;em&gt;hinchabalones&lt;/em&gt; y, de ahí, simplemente &lt;em&gt;hincha&lt;/em&gt;, apodo con el que se hizo popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que el &lt;em&gt;hincha&lt;/em&gt; se distinguía durante los partidos por su fervor animando al equipo; y, como era un individuo muy popular, su apelativo pasó a usarse también para describir a cualquier otro aficionado especialmente animoso. Y, finalmente, la palabra entró en uso general entre los aficionados al fútbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único que no he encontrado es referencias más antiguas sobre esta historia. Así que no puedo asegurar que sea cierta; podría ser una historia que alguien se inventó y ha acabado circulando por ahí. Pero me parece bastante verosímil, teniendo en cuenta la afición al fútbol en el Cono Sur y cómo se vivían los partidos hace un siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T12:13:10.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26979" CreationDate="2018-08-01T13:07:14.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fern%C3%A1n_Caballero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cecilia Böhl de Faber&lt;/a&gt; da esta explicación en &lt;em&gt;Un verano en Bornos&lt;/em&gt;, pero ella insinúa que esta es una de múltiples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... En cuanto á mí, que la tengo &lt;em&gt;meridional&lt;/em&gt;, como dice Efi, y &lt;em&gt;efervescente&lt;/em&gt;, como asegura D. Pío, no habría tomado la cosa tan flemáticamente, y ese amante fementido y desleal hubiese oído de mi boca &lt;strong&gt;las tres famosas verdades del barquero.&lt;/strong&gt; ¿A que no sabes tú cuáles son esas tres verdades, de las que todos hablan y pocos averiguan? Pues yo te las diré, porque me las ha enseñado mi tío Miguel. Son: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;«peso y medida, cuenta y razón, y la verdad encima»;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lo que significa: el peso, esto es, las piezas que lo componen, las taras; las pesas que marcan la cantidad, y la lengüeta que arriba marca la igualdad de las pesas y que se llama la verdad.&lt;/strong&gt;—Tía Belica explica estas tres verdades tan decantadas de otra manera; pero ahora no tengo tiempo de referírtelo, porque quiero proseguir mi relato, y contarte por sus pasos contados los &lt;em&gt;memorables eventos&lt;/em&gt; que suceden en este Bornos, tan hipócritamente tranquilo, monótono é inocentón. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=m-BcAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA373&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;tres+verdades&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;del+barquero&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un verano en Bornos&lt;/a&gt; (Carta XXI - Primativa á Teresa)&lt;/em&gt;, Fernán Caballero (1864)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella empieza contar la otra origen de la tía en una obra anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- ¿No sabe usted que una de las tres verdades del barquero es, el pan duro... duro, más vale duro que ninguno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=010818%5C015%5CC003O01082018155153850.1020.1016&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+verdades+del+barquero%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Clemencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Fernán Caballero (Cecilia Böhl de Faber) (1852)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manuel José Martín, casi 100 años antes, cuenta este chiste en su &lt;em&gt;Tertulia de la aldea&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;(Pasatiempo III)&lt;/em&gt; que parece ser la origen que has visto en el artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caminaba un tunante Gallego con su mochila acuestas, y llegando á un rio sin puente, que solo tenía barca, se halló sin dineros para que el barquero le pasase. Suplicóle, no obstante, que le hiciese la caridad de pasarle ; pero el barquero le dixo, que diese quatro quartos. El tuno le respondió, como no los tenía, y que le pasase por el amor de Dios ; pero el barquero le respondió : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Señor Licenciado, déxese de plegarias, que aquí no estoy yo para trabajar de valde : en verdad, que con sus ruegos y caridad pagaré yo bien la renta, y llegaré á comer cascotes. Dé usted tres quartos, y al punto le pasaré.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pobre tunante le dixo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Confiésole, buen hombre, que no me asiste una blanca ; pero le daré un equivalente si me hace esta gracia: &lt;strong&gt;le diré las tres verdades del mundo&lt;/strong&gt;, que le pueden servir de mucho en adelante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuajáronle al barquero las tres verdades del mundo, y luego le mandó al Gallego tuno entrar en la barca. Díxole, que eran tres, y que se las diría una al comenzar á pasar del rio, otra al medio del rio, y otra al saltar de la barca á tierra. Quedaron concertados en esto, y al empezar á remar le dixo una, que fué: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;“Pan mao é dur, mas vale, algun que ninguna” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pan malo y duro, mas vale alguno que ninguno.&lt;/strong&gt; El barquero que oyó esta verdad, le dixo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;¿ Qué verdad del mundo es esta? brava friolera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A que replicó el tuno: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;“Mas, meu señore, non he verdade ó que digo?”   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Si es verdad, hombre, retornó el barquero; pero es verdad de Pedro Grullo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Perdone sua mercede, respondió el Gallego, que eu non sei outras. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Vamos con la segunda, dixo el barquero, que ya estamos en la mitad del rio : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ten vosa merced razon, oigame: Zapato boo ó mao, mellor está en ó pee, que non en á mao.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zapato bueno ó malo, mejor está en el pie, que no en la mano.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Otra friolera como la pasada, tornó á decir el barquero. Voto á las calzas de mi abuelo, que á saber eran de este jaéz sus verdades, primero le echara por el rio abaxo que pasarle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Respondió el Gallego : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Perdone sua mercede, que eu non sei outras.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llegaron en fin á la otra orilla, y quando el barquero estaba ocupado en amarrar la barca, para que el rio no se la llevase, como tambien quando observó el Gallego que no tenía libertad para coger un remo, y molerle á palos, le dixo la otra verdad, que fué : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si á toudos pasais como á min, masadero, ¿para qué traballais é istais aquin?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Si á todos pasais como á mí, majadero, ¿ para qué trabajais y estais aquí?&lt;/strong&gt; Y al acabar de decir esto echó á correr, diciendo desde lejos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Hé verdade ista, meu amiguiño? ¿Hé verdade? Afei, que os fice mamola. Istas soin le as verdades da ó mundo, meu amigo. Perdone á sua mercede, que eu non sei outras.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El barquero como no podía soltar la barca, é ir tras el Gallego, se desatinaba y juraba, por no poder dar una tunda al tuno que tal burla había hecho de él. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-HvDA0mmedsC&amp;amp;pg=PA100&amp;amp;dq=verdades+del+barquero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tertulia de la aldea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Manuel José Martín (1782)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-01T14:22:28.730" LastActivityDate="2018-08-01T14:22:28.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26984" CreationDate="2018-08-01T16:14:48.790" Score="4" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to say that something no longer works or is broken? I'm just thinking about it now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it right to say it like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tarjeta no trabaja nunca más. &lt;sub&gt;My card doesn't work anymore.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I know the verb 'trabajar' as &quot;to work&quot; in relation to a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which is right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19869" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T03:32:13.223" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T03:33:47.347" Title="What's the best way to say &quot;it is broken&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26982" CreationDate="2018-08-01T21:11:41.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/broken&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;broken&lt;/strong&gt;: damaged, no longer able to work:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My watch is broken.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in English, you can use the adjective &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;broken&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when you want to say that something is no longer working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, literal translation would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;roto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; that according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=WkN7iZa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;roto, ta&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del participio de romper; latín ruptus.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Andrajoso y que lleva rotos los vestidos. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Agotado o muy cansado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/sinonimos/roto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española © 2005 Espasa-Calpe&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;roto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;p. p. irreg. de romper.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt; Que está quebrado o partido en dos o más partes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Averiado, que ha dejado de funcionar.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Andrajoso, que lleva la ropa rota.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you may say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi tarjeta está rota&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But being more accurate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Mi tarjeta está averiada&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Said so, the status of your card is indicated, but not necessarily the fact that your card has stopped working, so you can use the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; that means according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=trabajar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;trabajar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ocuparse en cualquier actividad física o intelectual. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tener una ocupación remunerada en una empresa, una institución, una institución, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ^ &lt;em&gt;Translation: Have a paid occupation in a company, an institution, an institution, etc. (related to job)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ejercer determinada profesión u oficio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una máquina: &lt;strong&gt;funcionar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ^ &lt;em&gt;Translation: Said of a machine: &lt;strong&gt;work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;strong&gt;funcionar&lt;/strong&gt; is a synonym for &lt;strong&gt;trabajar&lt;/strong&gt;, that means (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=IbV5KQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Dicho de una persona, de una máquina, etc.: Ejecutar las funciones que le son propias.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ^ &lt;em&gt;Translation: Execute the functions that are his own.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the verb &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;funcionar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is more adapted to the concept that something has stopped fulfilling its role or function&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way, when you want to say that something is no longer working or broken, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tarjeta ya no trabaja.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi tarjeta ya no funciona.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use some other conjugation according to the context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tarjeta ha dejado de trabajar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi tarjeta ha dejado de funcionar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use both meanings to be clearer in the meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tarjeta esta rota y ya no funciona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mi tarjeta esta rota y ya no trabaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I am assuming that the term &quot;card&quot; refers to a physical object with a specific function such as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=video+card&amp;amp;client=firefox-b-ab&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjl1Y7o5szcAhWNmlkKHevLD48Q_AUICigB&amp;amp;biw=1440&amp;amp;bih=803&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;video card&lt;/a&gt; (electronic), since for &quot;card&quot;, in other meanings, it hardly fits the fact that &quot;a card is working&quot; and therefore can not stop doing it.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19037" LastEditorUserId="19037" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T19:02:19.490" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T19:02:19.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26982" CreationDate="2018-08-01T23:54:31.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common way to say that something doesn't work would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;está roto&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(literally &quot;it's broken&quot;)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se (me) ha roto la tarjeta &lt;sub&gt;my card is broken&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No (me) funciona la tarjeta &lt;sub&gt;my card is not working&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tarjeta está estropeada &lt;sub&gt;the card it's damaged/ruined&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the adjective &quot;averiado&quot; is mostly used for machines or somewhat complex mechanisms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La máquina de refrescos está averiada &lt;sub&gt;the vending machine is out of order&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me ha averiado la tele &lt;sub&gt;The TV set&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo el coche averiado en el taller &lt;sub&gt;the car&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but would be extremely strange to use &lt;em&gt;averiado/a&lt;/em&gt; for a credit card.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also a very informal way (at least in Spain) that would be that something &lt;strong&gt;&quot;no va&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, literally &lt;em&gt;(something) it's not going&lt;/em&gt; as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no me va&lt;/strong&gt; la tarjeta/&lt;strong&gt;no va&lt;/strong&gt; mi tarjeta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="918" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T10:06:37.520" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T10:06:37.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26982" CreationDate="2018-08-02T00:37:05.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trabajar&lt;/em&gt; can be used in this context, although it's more common to use &lt;strong&gt;funcionar&lt;/strong&gt;.  But note that &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt; doesn't work in your sentence.  I suppose you're aiming for &quot;It doesn't work &lt;em&gt;any more&lt;/em&gt;&quot;; &quot;any more&quot; is &lt;em&gt;ya no&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi tarjeta ya no funciona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't imagine talking about a credit card being &lt;em&gt;broken&lt;/em&gt;, in English or in Spanish, but I'll outline the two most common ways of expressing the adjective &lt;em&gt;broken&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descompuesto&lt;/strong&gt;: this is generally used for a complex system, and it suggests that a repair is possible&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roto&lt;/strong&gt;: this gives less of an idea of a repair being possible&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ascensor está &lt;em&gt;descompuesto&lt;/em&gt; | The elevator is broken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that an elevator is a complex system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mis lentes están &lt;em&gt;rotos&lt;/em&gt; | My glasses are broken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, there was physical damage, e.g. scratching or snapping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T03:33:47.347" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T03:33:47.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26989" CreationDate="2018-08-02T09:18:45.433" Score="3" ViewCount="32392" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa mucho, en el ámbito coloquial, el apelativo &lt;em&gt;churri&lt;/em&gt; para mencionar a la persona querida, especialmente en parejas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Buenos días, &lt;strong&gt;churri&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿cómo has dormido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha extendido bastante y tiene un toque cursi que hace que se use especialmente en la intimidad, pero también tiene la otra variante de que ya se usa para parodiar estas situaciones. También, a veces se usa para designar a las mujeres en un contexto de ligoteo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En esa playa hay muchas churris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser una palabra relativamente nueva, regional y coloquial, no me sorprende que el DLE no la recoja, si bien recoge una acepción del término desde 1992:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=966tqW7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;churri&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Andalucía. Gárrulo, enfadoso y sin sustancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos cómo aumenta su uso &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=churri&amp;amp;year_start=1900&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cchurri%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MJFzj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MJFzj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, se usa especialmente en Cataluña, &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&amp;amp;geo=ES&amp;amp;q=churri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Google Trends&lt;/a&gt;, si bien en catalán no hay una palabra equivalente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6Nyw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6Nyw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces: ¿cuál es el origen de la palabra? ¿En qué zonas se usa y entiende?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T13:13:08.800" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;churri&quot; como apelativo cariñoso en relaciones amorosas?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26987" CreationDate="2018-08-02T10:38:31.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una abreviación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/37541-pichurri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pichurri&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que tiene la misma significación de un mote cariñoso.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; No tengo prueba, pero me parece posible que sea una corrupción de los apelativos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/40875-pich-n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pichón&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/40876&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pichoncita&lt;/a&gt;, pichoncito&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ej.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Pichurri, cariño! ¿Sigues ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Sí, Pichón! Estoy bien. Enseguida voy p'allá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/amar-en-tiempos-revueltos/amar-tiempos-revueltos-t3-capitulo-147/11293/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Amar en tiempos revueltos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - T3 - Capítulo 147&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=2Eea_6UmFUsC&amp;amp;q=pichurri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sociolingüistica urbana: el habla de Bilbao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Maitena Etxebarria Arostegui, p.109 No.220), además se usa en Bilbao y &lt;a href=&quot;https://alcumes.jimdo.com/2-alcumes-modernos-despois-1950/pp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;también&lt;/a&gt; en Galícia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La gran enciclopedia vasca, Volumen 1&lt;/em&gt;, propone (con dudas) que viene del vasco &lt;em&gt;pitxin&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como voces sinónimas de pichín, se usan también con las mozas las siguientes: &lt;em&gt;pichirri, pichurri, pichurrín, pichurrina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Del vasc. &lt;em&gt;pitxin&lt;/em&gt; 'poquitín, pequeñín', variante de &lt;em&gt;pitin&lt;/em&gt; 'id.'? De todos modos, parece evidente su relación con el lat. vg. &lt;em&gt;pittinu&lt;/em&gt;(m) 'pequeño'. Véase: J. Corominas, &lt;em&gt;DCEC&lt;/em&gt;, v. III, pag. 47 x ss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=vd8pAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=pichurri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La gran enciclopedia vasca, Volumen 11&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.146) (1966)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pichurri&lt;/strong&gt; (inf.) n. Se emplea como *apelativo cariñoso.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/churri.1996156/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;María Moliner&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-03-07T13:13:08.800" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T13:13:08.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-02T11:21:55.777" Score="4" ViewCount="19018" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sucesión&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;progresión&lt;/em&gt; son términos matemáticos. A mi modo de ver progresión es un caso especial de sucesión. ¿Quién sabe más detalles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18353" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T11:25:32.820" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T18:01:28.893" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;sucesión&quot; y &quot;progresión&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26990" CreationDate="2018-08-02T13:20:54.143" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yc72NJZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sucesión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un &quot;conjunto ordenado de términos que cumplen una ley determinada&quot;. Es decir, se trata básicamente de una lista ordenada de números.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UJeVFA8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;progresión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una &quot;sucesión de números o términos algebraicos entre los cuales hay una ley de formación constante&quot;. Lo que quiere decir esta definición es que se llama &lt;em&gt;progresiones&lt;/em&gt; a ciertos tipos de sucesiones que se pueden definir dando una regla que relaciona cada término con el término siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la práctica, nunca se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;progresión&lt;/em&gt; de forma aislada, sino que siempre va acompañada de uno de estos tres adjetivos: &lt;em&gt;aritmética&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;geométrica&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;armónica&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir, a efectos prácticos una progresión es una sucesión que cumple una de estas tres condiciones: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La diferencia entre dos términos consecutivos es constante (&lt;em&gt;progresión aritmética&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El cociente entre dos términos consecutivos es constante (&lt;em&gt;progresión geométrica&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La sucesión formada por los inversos (el inverso del número &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; es el número 1/&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;) de cada uno de los términos es una progresión aritmética (&lt;em&gt;progresión armónica&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, sí: todas las progresiones son sucesiones, pero no todas las sucesiones son progresiones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;{0, 2, 4, 6, 8, ...}&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(los números pares)&lt;/strong&gt; es una sucesión y, al mismo tiempo, una progresión aritmética porque la diferencia entre dos términos consecutivos siempre es 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, &lt;code&gt;{2, 3, 5, 7, ...}&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(los números primos)&lt;/strong&gt; es una sucesión, pero no una progresión porque no cumple ninguna de las tres condiciones mencionadas más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, nos podemos inventar una sucesión el término &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;-ésimo de la cual se calcule con la fórmula &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, es decir, &lt;code&gt;{0, 1, 4, 9, 16, ...}&lt;/code&gt;: tampoco es una progresión porque no cumple ninguna de las tres condiciones mencionadas más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-04-07T18:01:28.893" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T18:01:28.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26982" CreationDate="2018-08-02T14:01:45.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto de un aparato o elemento que dejó de funcionar correctamente también se puede usar la palabra &quot;dañado&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El teléfono está dañado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El televisor está dañado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T14:01:45.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26993" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas sobre el árabe y su influencia y relación con el idioma español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions about Arabic and its influence on and relationship to the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26994" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" Score="0" Body="Para preguntas sobre el árabe y su influencia y relación con el idioma español. // For questions about Arabic and its influence on and relationship to the Spanish language." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T20:26:22.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27002" CreationDate="2018-08-03T02:13:44.833" Score="2" ViewCount="4042" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el DAMER, la expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=palo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palo de agua&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (o según el uso cotidiano &quot;palo de lluvia&quot;) hace referencia en Panamá, Colombia y Venezuela a una lluvia abundante e intensa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;o.&lt;/strong&gt; ǁ  ~ &lt;strong&gt;de agua.&lt;/strong&gt; loc. sust. &lt;em&gt;Pa, Co, Ve.&lt;/em&gt; Lluvia abundante e intensa. pop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, en el libro &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=ot0Y2slwe5IC&amp;amp;pg=PA81&amp;amp;lpg=PA81&amp;amp;dq=lluvia%20fuerte%20%22palo%20de%20agua%22&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=vwFfGFTpZb&amp;amp;sig=lAAz-7wXOntmOATdIe0O3tVeex0&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwiKs5jr3c_cAhVF6KQKHbI6CUI4ChDoATADegQIBxAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=lluvia%20fuerte%20%22palo%20de%20agua%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arrivederci Caracas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Marisa Vannini aparece la expresión cuando habla de las lluvias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era en verdad un palo de agua, fuerte, intenso, con truenos y relampagos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Google Ngram aparece la expresión palo de agua hacia 1890 y palo de lluvia en 1985, pero no me queda claro el origen de estas expresiones y si solo es entendida en las zonas mencionadas o se entiende en otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-04T11:38:20.450" LastActivityDate="2018-08-04T11:39:45.083" Title="Origen y alcance de la expresión &quot;palo de agua&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;venezuela&gt;&lt;panamá&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26970" CreationDate="2018-08-03T02:26:43.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solo para complementar lo ya mencionado, en el cuento &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://editorialorsai.com/teniamos_un_juguete/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Teníamos un juguete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Hernán Casciari dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...)Nosotros nos involucrábamos, tirábamos kilos de papel picado para recibir a los nuestros y componíamos canciones de aliento (...) Nos divertíamos durante la semana inventando estrofas, y hasta empezamos a componer otras, más picarescas, para fastidiar al vecino (...) Empezamos a decirle «hinchar» a la acción de fastidiar al rival con canciones picarescas. Y nos bautizamos a nosotros mismos «hinchas», y al grupo enfervorizado de la tribuna le pusimos de nombre «hinchada»(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no vienen los años en los que se usa el término, pero se toma el origen desde la burla al rival, si bien es bastante reciente el cuento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T02:26:43.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-03T04:21:17.097" Score="4" ViewCount="3115" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vacación&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;vacaciones&lt;/em&gt;. What is the appropriate usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often see it used in singular in Duolingo Spanish form but have been told that is wrong usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-07T11:32:18.597" LastActivityDate="2018-08-07T11:32:18.597" Title="&quot;Vacación&quot; vs &quot;vacaciones&quot;, what is the appropiate usage?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26995" CreationDate="2018-08-03T04:25:30.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo entrar al libro de Vannini, y no nos diste el párrafo, pero el enlace del diccionario da dos definiciones.  Además de la que mencionaste, está&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pa, Pe, Ch.&lt;/em&gt; Instrumento musical hecho con una rama hueca de un cactus rellena de semillas y que, al moverlo, imita el sonido del agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me imagino que primero se inventó el instrumento, y luego se empezó a hacer referencia al sonido del instrumento para describir una lluvia intensa (aguacero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para oír el instrumento: &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/xu4ODqNJgPE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/xu4ODqNJgPE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-04T11:39:45.083" LastActivityDate="2018-08-04T11:39:45.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-03T06:25:27.170" Score="4" ViewCount="810" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QhuRjo1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prominencia que forma el cartílago tiroides en la parte anterior del cuello del varón adulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés se usa el término &lt;em&gt;Adam's apple&lt;/em&gt;, que vi literalmente traducido en los subtítulos de un documental de Netflix como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OItjStD#9hqx3mt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manzana de Adán&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Buscando en el diccionario resulta que el término no solo existe en español, sino que además parece que se usa en toda América. Quise concretar un poco más, pero el término no aparece en el de americanismos, tan solo aparece recogido que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=manzana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manzana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (sin más) se puede usar como abreviatura vulgar de &lt;em&gt;manzana de Adán&lt;/em&gt; en algunos países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, mi pregunta es si &lt;em&gt;manzana de Adán&lt;/em&gt; es realmente el término que se usa comúnmente en toda América para designar a la nuez de la garganta, o si se restringe a ciertos países. ¿Se usa en tono formal o informal? ¿Se entiende allí el término &lt;em&gt;nuez&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manzana&lt;/em&gt; aparece ya como &quot;nuez de la garganta&quot; en el Alemany y Bolufer de 1917, marcado como de uso en Chile. En 1925 aparece en el DLE. Estos son los primeros registros, sería interesante saber desde cuándo se usa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuez del cuello&lt;/em&gt; aparece ya en el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495, traducido al latín como &lt;em&gt;epiglottis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T08:02:26.843" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T18:32:11.157" Title="¿Es &quot;manzana de Adán&quot; el término de uso común en América para la nuez de la garganta?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26999" CreationDate="2018-08-03T06:42:31.890" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?key=manzana&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (mira a la entrada final al pie de la página), sí - se usa en &lt;em&gt;muchos&lt;/em&gt; países de hispanoamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a.&lt;/strong&gt; ǁ    ~ &lt;strong&gt;de Adán.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(Calco del ingl. Adam's apple).&lt;/sub&gt; loc. sust. &lt;em&gt;EU, Mx, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, RD, PR, Co, Ve, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py, Ar.&lt;/em&gt; En los hombres, nuez de la garganta. &lt;strong&gt;◆ manzana.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T06:42:31.890" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2562" CreationDate="2018-08-03T07:11:56.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como menciona BrianA en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2562/c%c3%b3mo-debo-usar-al-final-de-una-pregunta-citada#comment4190_2562&quot;&gt;un comentario&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Interrogaci%C3%B3n#Repetici.C3.B3n_de_los_signos_de_interrogaci.C3.B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikilengua&lt;/a&gt; dice esto (citando la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía y ortotipografía del español actual&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;5 Repetición de los signos de interrogación&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enunciado interrogativo que aparece dentro de otro:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Has visto la película &lt;em&gt;¿Arde París?&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según José Martínez de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;, en un caso como el del ejemplo, dado que debe colocarse el título de la película en cursiva, podrían mantenerse ambos signos. Sin embargo, en otros casos se tiende a pensar que uno de los signos de cierre sobraría, pues el restante aseguraría la entonación interrogativa. No solo eso, además, hay que tener en cuenta que la presencia de varios signos de interrogación no aumenta la inflexión interrogativa. Por otro lado, en aquellos casos se podría recurrir a una distribución de los elementos de una forma diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=c7rjAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=Arde+Par%C3%ADs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortografía y ortotipografía del español actual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, José Martínez de Sousa (p.389)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T07:11:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26995" CreationDate="2018-08-03T09:18:31.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estudios sobre el habla de Venezuela&lt;/em&gt; da esta explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creemos que hay que partir, para explicarlo, de palo de agua. El palo de agua es el aguacero: «No salgas, está cayendo un palo de agua.» En nuestra opinión, &lt;em&gt;caer un palo de agua&lt;/em&gt; sustituye o traduce dos expresiones castellanas: &lt;em&gt;llover a chuzos, caer un chaparrón&lt;/em&gt;. Tanto &lt;em&gt;chuzo&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;chaparrón&lt;/em&gt; (derivado de &lt;em&gt;chaparro&lt;/em&gt;) son palos. Llover a &lt;em&gt;chuzos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;caer un chaparrón&lt;/em&gt; (o una &lt;em&gt;chaparrada&lt;/em&gt;) es como &lt;em&gt;caer un palo de agua&lt;/em&gt;, como si cayeran efectivamente &lt;em&gt;palos&lt;/em&gt;, como si la lluvia lo &lt;em&gt;apaleara&lt;/em&gt; a uno. Y aun es posible que haya surgido como equivalente de &lt;em&gt;golpe de agua&lt;/em&gt;, que en la lengua general es la caída abundante o copiosa de agua. La misma palabra &lt;em&gt;aguacero&lt;/em&gt; se puede aplicar figuradamente, en el castellano general, a una gran cantidad de palos o golpes. «¡Menudo aguacero le cayó a cuestas!» &lt;em&gt;Aguacero de palos&lt;/em&gt; registraba Pedro Montesinos en Lara para la lluvia intensa y copiosa. Morison, que ha seguido el derrotero de Colón para escribir su &lt;em&gt;Almirante de la Mar Océano&lt;/em&gt;, «latigazos de agua» a los chubascos equinocciales que caen en el mar. Palo de agua se encuentra documentado desde Fidelia, de Gonzalo Picón Febres (1893). Y es más recio que el aguacero, que se ha atenuado algo y necesita el refuerzo del adjetivo: «Cayó un buen aguacero» o «un gran aguacero» (o un...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=usEuAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22palo+de+agua%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estudios sobre el habla de Venezuela: buenas y malas palabras, Volume 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Monte Avila Editores (1987)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T09:18:31.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3642" CreationDate="2018-08-03T10:26:35.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE reconoce ambas ortografías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OrBFqBR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;membrecía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Am.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OrBSmIC#NdLlsfn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;membresía.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OrBSmIC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;membresía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Adapt. del ingl. membership.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Am.&lt;/em&gt; Condición de miembro de una entidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Am.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de miembros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=membres%C3%ADa%2Cmembrec%C3%ADa&amp;amp;year_start=1920&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los dos&lt;/a&gt; se usaba desde la adopción de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/95V1S.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/95V1S.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario de americanismos, la ortografía con &lt;em&gt;-cía&lt;/em&gt; se usa solo en México, Colombia y Perú:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=membrec%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;membrecía.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Mx, Co, Pe.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;membresía&lt;/strong&gt;, condición. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mx, Co, Pe.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;membresía&lt;/strong&gt;, conjunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y la con &lt;em&gt;-sía&lt;/em&gt; en muchas más regiones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=membres%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;membresía.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;membership&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    f. &lt;em&gt;EU, Mx, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, RD, PR, Co, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py.&lt;/em&gt; Condición de miembro de una entidad. (&lt;strong&gt;membrecía&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, RD, PR, Ch, Py.&lt;/em&gt; Conjunto de miembros. (&lt;strong&gt;membrecía&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;ES, RD, PR.&lt;/em&gt; Matrícula de una sociedad o club.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T14:38:35.513" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T14:38:35.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27006" CreationDate="2018-08-03T11:07:53.633" Score="4" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No las tuvo todas consigo don Quijote, que también se estremeció y encogió de hombros y perdió la color del rostro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;Segunda parte del ingenioso caballero don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1615 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llamó la atención lo de &quot;la color&quot;, y leo en el diccionario de Covarrubias (1611) que por la época al parecer se decía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vnas de las colores son naturales, otras artificiales, y algunas compuestas, mezclando vnas con otras; dedõde resulta vna tercera color [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, un siglo más tarde encuentro esto en el Diccionario de Autoridades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;COLOR. s. m. El objeto proprio y formal de la vista. El colór negro y el blanco son los extremos de los colores. Unos son naturales, otros artificiales, y algúnos compuestos, mezclando unos con otros, de donde resulta un tercero color [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE fusilando a Covarrubias. Añade después:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque lo mas proprio y conforme à su origen, es usar este nombre como masculino, algúnos le usan como femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, algunos como Cervantes y Covarrubias. Si según su origen debió ser masculino, ¿por qué se usaba como femenino entre los siglos XV y XVII? ¿Fue la RAE quien con su diccionario ayudó a que se asentara su uso en masculino?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9086" LastEditDate="2020-01-08T16:11:25.410" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T16:11:25.410" Title="¿Por qué se decía &quot;la color&quot; en el siglo XVII? ¿Por qué cambió a &quot;el color&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27005" CreationDate="2018-08-03T11:36:00.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Incluso ahora, &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt; (especialmente cuando se usa para describir el color de la superficie del rostro humano) se puede tomar cualquiera género:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9qYXXhD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;color&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. color, -ōris.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Sensación producida por los rayos luminosos que impresionan los órganos visuales y que depende de la longitud de onda. &lt;strong&gt;U. t. c. f.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. color natural de la tez humana. &lt;strong&gt;U. t. c. f.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero como dice el DPD, puede parecer arcaico usar el femenino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=color&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;color&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando significa ‘cualidad de los seres por la cual impresionan la retina de modo diferente según cómo reflejen los rayos luminosos’ y ‘cada uno de los distintos modos en que puede percibirse esta cualidad’, &lt;strong&gt;es masculino en la lengua general culta:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«En otoño, las arboledas van perdiendo el color verde»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Merino Orilla&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1985]). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Su uso en femenino, normal en el español medieval y clásico, es ajeno hoy a la norma culta y debe evitarse.&lt;/strong&gt; El femenino puede aparecer también en textos literarios, con finalidad arcaizante. Sí es normal su empleo en femenino, en países como Chile o el Ecuador, para designar cierto colorante alimentario: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Se fríe la cebolla con la color, y se añade a las lentejas»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Huneeus Cocina&lt;/em&gt; [Chile 1989]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt; sí es masculino en latín, pero en las lenguas romances actuales, su género es una mezcla de femenino y masculino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old Portuguese&lt;/code&gt; color, coor &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Portuguese&lt;/code&gt; cor &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;code&gt;Galician&lt;/code&gt; cor &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Asturian&lt;/code&gt; color, collor &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aragonese&lt;/code&gt; color &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old Occitan&lt;/code&gt; color &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;code&gt;Catalan&lt;/code&gt; color &lt;em&gt;f., m.&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;code&gt;Occitan&lt;/code&gt; color &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old French&lt;/code&gt; color, colour, colur, culur &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;code&gt;French&lt;/code&gt; couleur &lt;em&gt;f.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Italian&lt;/code&gt; color, colore &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dalmatian&lt;/code&gt; colaur, kolaur &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que es por la influencia de las lenguas vecinas que en castellano puede tomar cualquier género.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Sala_prensa_Dosier_Gramatica_2009.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2009, &lt;strong&gt;11.7g&lt;/strong&gt;), todavía en Andalucía y algunas otras áreas se usa &lt;em&gt;la color&lt;/em&gt; en la lengua popular ocasionalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los factores que determinan la variación pueden ser históricos o geográficos. Los sustantivos &lt;em&gt;análisis, énfasis&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares de origen griego eran mayoritariamente femeninos hasta el siglo XIX; &lt;strong&gt;también lo eran &lt;em&gt;color&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;em&gt;puente&lt;/em&gt; en la lengua medieval y clásica. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Color&lt;/em&gt; se usa todavía ocasionalmente como femenino en la lengua popular de Andalucía (España) y en algunas otras áreas hispanohablantes, pero no en los registros formales;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23660/18348&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; hay más ejemplos de palabras que son válidas con ambos géneros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T15:06:16.457" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T15:06:16.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4588" CreationDate="2018-08-03T12:20:11.287" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Santiago&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;James&lt;/em&gt; are indeed cognate, both ultimately deriving from the Biblical name &lt;em&gt;Iacobus&lt;/em&gt;, but they evolved via different routes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Santiago&lt;/em&gt; comes from the &lt;em&gt;Sanctus&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;Saint&amp;quot;) &lt;em&gt;Iacobus&lt;/em&gt;, while&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;James&lt;/em&gt; derives from an Occitan variant &lt;em&gt;Iacomus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iskgp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iskgp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Western European descendants of &lt;em&gt;Iacobus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, a more obvious set of analogues might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;James&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jaime&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jacob&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jacobo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saint James&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago_%28name%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Santiago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; most New Testament figures named Ἰάκωβος are anglicised as &lt;em&gt;James&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; as opposed to the closer-to-the-Greek &lt;em&gt;Jacob&lt;/em&gt;, this has more to do with historical tradition, and is analogous to the name being traditionally rendered as &lt;em&gt;Santiago&lt;/em&gt; (as opposed to &lt;em&gt;San Jacobo&lt;/em&gt;) in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how did the Jewish name Ya’akov become so Gentilized as James? Since the 13th century, the form of the Latin name Iacomus began its use in English. In the 14th century, John Wycliffe made the first Bible translation into English and translated Iakobus as James. (However, in both the Old and New Testaments he arbitrarily used the name Jacob for the patriarch). In all future English translations the name stuck, especially after 1611, when King James I sponsored the translation then called the Authorized Version but since 1797 called the King James Bible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-versions-and-translations/james-or-jacob-in-the-bible/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-versions-and-translations/james-or-jacob-in-the-bible/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed the association is so strong that many post-biblical Christian figures named Jacob (or a similar variant) are often referred to as &lt;em&gt;James&lt;/em&gt; in English.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The development &lt;em&gt;Iacobus&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;Iacomus&lt;/em&gt; is likely a result of nasalization of the &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and assimilation of the following &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; (i.e., intermediate *&lt;em&gt;Iacombus&lt;/em&gt;) followed by simplification of the cluster &lt;em&gt;mb&lt;/em&gt; through loss of the &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The form &lt;em&gt;Didacus&lt;/em&gt; is a medieval latinised form of &lt;em&gt;Diego&lt;/em&gt; (similar to the latinisation &lt;em&gt;Ludovicus&lt;/em&gt;, of the Germanic &lt;em&gt;Luis&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;James son of Alphaeus, James son of Zebedee, James the less, James the Just.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;James of Nisibis, James Intercisus, James the Deacon, James the martyr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-23T07:01:45.310" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T07:01:45.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26997" CreationDate="2018-08-03T15:55:08.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never heard of it in singular, not even in different contexts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only usages I know are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a verb :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vacacionar (and it certainly has all the possible conjugations)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a noun:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vacaciones (plural)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vacacionista (singular of a person going on vacations) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;examples:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;nos vamos de vacaciones : &lt;strong&gt;we are going on vacations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿a donde te vas de vacaciones? : &lt;strong&gt;where are you going for vacations?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vamos a vacacionar : &lt;strong&gt;we are going on vacation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  soy un vacacionista: &lt;strong&gt;I'm a vacationist&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  durante la temporada de vacaciones: &lt;strong&gt;during vacation/s season&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think &quot;vacación&quot; is a wrong word, but its usage is WEIRD, probably will fall in disuse sometime soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wordreference forum results tell that in different parts of the world it is used in plural and rarely (or never) in singular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even a single day of vacation in Spanish is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Un solo dia de vacaciones&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T16:21:34.073" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T16:21:34.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26997" CreationDate="2018-08-03T16:19:26.943" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the dictionary of the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bDzHUaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vacación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. vacatio, -ōnis.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Descanso temporal de una actividad habitual, principalmente del trabajo remunerado o de los estudios. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Tiempo que dura la cesación del trabajo. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The abbreviation U. m. en pl. stands for &quot;Usado más en plural&quot; so it can be used in the singular according to the RAE but it usually is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although Google Ngrams is not a particularly reliable source since it only searched books I ran a search&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/interactive_chart?content=en+vacacion%2Cen+vacaciones%2Cen+las+vacaciones&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cen%20vacacion%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cen%20vacaciones%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cen%20las%20vacaciones%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://books.google.com/ngrams/interactive_chart?content=en+vacacion%2Cen+vacaciones%2Cen+las+vacaciones&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cen%20vacacion%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cen%20vacaciones%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cen%20las%20vacaciones%3B%2Cc0&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which shows that &quot;en vacaciones&quot; is the most common followed by &quot;en las vacaciones&quot; with the singular very uncommon after 1900. There is a mysterious peak in &quot;en las vacaciones&quot; in the 1870s. I have no idea why that is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="12155" LastEditDate="2018-08-04T12:58:05.107" LastActivityDate="2018-08-04T12:58:05.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26849" CreationDate="2018-08-04T06:07:55.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Mi respuesta completa en español está más abajo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary in English, my native language:&lt;/strong&gt; The Spanish language had a very large &lt;em&gt;vowel shift&lt;/em&gt; that left a lot of marks on the Spanish language. This Spanish vowel shift is &lt;strong&gt;very obvious&lt;/strong&gt; in verbs like &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt; (see below) and &lt;em&gt;moler&lt;/em&gt;. When it carries the stress, the letter &quot;e&quot; becomes &quot;ie&quot; and the letter &quot;o&quot; becomes &quot;ue&quot;, if it is affected by this vowel shift. Although it is obvious in conjugating verbs, it happens a lot in adjectives, nouns, and adverbs, including &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;. The word &lt;strong&gt;diez&lt;/strong&gt; provides a nice example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diez - Sí tiene el énfasis, así que &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decena - No tiene el énfasis (es de-&lt;strong&gt;CE&lt;/strong&gt;-na), así que la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; no cambia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Tengo una decena de dedos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(La siguiente &lt;strong&gt;sí es&lt;/strong&gt; una palabra válida...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dieces - Sí tiene el énfasis, así que &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;ie&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Voy a escribir tres dieces: Diez, 10, 0xA.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(0xA es 10 en el hexadecimal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y con unos cognados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Decimal - No tiene el énfasis (es de-ci-&lt;strong&gt;MAL&lt;/strong&gt;), así que la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; no cambia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hexadecimal - Así como &lt;em&gt;decimal&lt;/em&gt; más arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y unos ejemplos que &lt;strong&gt;no funcionarían&lt;/strong&gt; en español:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(está mal)&lt;/em&gt; Desimal - No. Viene del latín, debe ser &lt;strong&gt;decimal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(está mal)&lt;/em&gt; Décimal - No. Si tiene el énfasis, debe cambiar en IE. (&lt;em&gt;Décimal&lt;/em&gt; sí es una palabra francesa.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(están mal)&lt;/em&gt; Diecimal, diecena - No, la E no tiene el énfasis, no debe cambiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene mucho que ver con los verbos con E u O que tienen &quot;diphthongization&quot; (véase la nota 1). En esos verbos, la E u O cambia en IE o UE cuando esta vocal especial está acentuada, pero &lt;strong&gt;no cambia&lt;/strong&gt; en el caso contrario (las sílabas tónicas están &lt;strong&gt;en negrita&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pen&lt;strong&gt;sar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;pien&lt;/strong&gt;so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros pen&lt;strong&gt;sa&lt;/strong&gt;mos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ustedes &lt;strong&gt;pien&lt;/strong&gt;san&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este cambio de E u O en IE o UE no solo pasa con los verbos, también pasa con otras palabras. &lt;em&gt;Escuela&lt;/em&gt; (sustantivo) pero &lt;em&gt;escolar&lt;/em&gt; (adjetivo). Es UE cuando está acentuada y es O cuando no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este cambio ha pasado con &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;. Pero otras palabras que vienen de la misma fuente generalmente van a seguir la regla: E si no está acentuada, IE si está acentuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advertencia: La regla no es muy estricta. Hay muchas excepciones, y la regla está cada vez menos popular. &lt;em&gt;Siempre&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra más o menos antigua. También &lt;em&gt;pensar&lt;/em&gt;. Palabras más recientes no cambian con tanta frecuencia, pero sí cambian a veces, especialmente cuando los hispanohablantes pueden ver una analogía, una palabra que ya existe que tiene el cambio, y la nueva palabra parece semejante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos idiomas &lt;strong&gt;no tienen&lt;/strong&gt; esta regla de &quot;diphthongization&quot;, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ladino (es muy fácil de entender para hispanohablantes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Portugués&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Italiano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advertencia: Portugués e italiano han tomado prestado palabras desde el español, y por eso, a veces parece que sí tienen esta regla, pero las palabras vinieron del español. Cuando vienen del latín directamente hacia portugués o italiano, no cambian así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota 1:&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;Diphthongization&quot; (término inglés), también por otro nombre &quot;una alternancia fonética&quot; (término español). El término español es menos específico que el inglés porque incluye &quot;vowel raising&quot; como &quot;pedir -&gt; pido&quot;. &quot;Diphthongization&quot; solo refiere al proceso de cambiar una vocal (E u O) en un diptongo (o, según alguna gente, un &quot;glide vowel&quot;). E cambia en IE (como &quot;glide vowel&quot;, una glosa puede ser &quot;ye&quot;) y O cambia en UE (como &quot;glide vowel&quot;, una glosa puede ser &quot;we&quot;). En Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_irregular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia Española: Verbo irregular&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_irregular_verbs#Diphthongization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia Inglesa: Spanish Irregular Verbs &gt; Diphthongization&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota 2:&lt;/strong&gt; En el siglo XIII, esta regla de &quot;diphthongization&quot; no existía. El ladino, que se desvió del español en el siglo XV o XVI, no tiene esta regla. En ladino, una escuela es &quot;scola&quot;. Note que no hay una E al primer. El verbo &quot;estar&quot; originalmente era &quot;star&quot;. Para conjugar &quot;star&quot;, era &quot;él sta&quot;. Después, añadieron la E, pero todavía tiene que tener en énfasis en la sílaba &quot;sta&quot;. ¿Qué hicieron? &lt;strong&gt;Él está.&lt;/strong&gt; La E solo existe para permitir el digrama &quot;S-T&quot;, nunca debe estar acentuada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19911" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-09-02T14:18:30.757" LastActivityDate="2018-09-02T14:18:30.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="251" CreationDate="2018-08-05T20:43:18.140" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Evolution and etymology of of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; comes ultimately from the phrase &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;your grace&amp;quot;). Between the XIII and XIV centuries, the 'formal' second person singular pronoun &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; had become overloaded - being used to denote many (often conflicting) social relationships, from familiar rapport, to equal formal status, to a downwards vertical status between speakers. This ambiguity necessitated the development of novel forms for 'formal' address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the XIV century the pronomial phrase &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; (and various similar ones) emerged to fill this gap. Only &lt;em&gt;vuestra merced&lt;/em&gt; survived, evolving over the XIV - XVI centuries into &lt;strong&gt;many&lt;/strong&gt; concurrent and competing forms, before eventually settling on the modern &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qsppE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qsppE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The evolution of the form is examined in further detail in the following study:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elies.rediris.es/elies22/cap7.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El desarrollo de las variantes de vuestra merced a usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Bob de Jonge (Universidad de Groningen)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Formal pronouns before &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a diagram showing the evolution in T-V (singular, plural) pronouns in Castilian/Northern Spanish. The evolution of pronouns was slightly different in Andalusia (even today &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is still used in some very rural areas by older speakers), and very different in Latin America, as you can interpret from the changing situation below at the time the Americas were being colonised:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LgKlh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LgKlh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detailed information on the evolution of all second person forms (from Latin through to modern Spanish) can be found in Chapter 3 of the following paper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=U6A8iuimzmQC&amp;amp;pg=PA39&amp;amp;lpg=PA39&amp;amp;dq=%22History%20and%20empirical%20studies%20of%20address%20pronoun%20use%20in%20Spanish%22#v=onepage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diversity and Changing Values in Address: Spanish Address Pronoun Usage in an Intercultural Immigrant Context&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(Chapter 3 &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;History and empirical studies of address pronoun use in Spanish&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, p.39)&lt;/sub&gt;, Jo-anne Hughson&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is etymologically unrelated to Arabic أستاذ &lt;em&gt;(ʾustāḏ)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T15:20:45.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27017" CreationDate="2018-08-06T07:59:09.977" Score="1" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si hay casos en los que los verbos &lt;em&gt;prohibir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;obligar (a hacer)&lt;/em&gt; provocan el uso de subjuntivo. Todos los ejemplos que encontré van con infinitivo ya que el sujeto del infinitivo y el sujeto del verbo principal es el mismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es la combinación &lt;em&gt;&quot;prohibir/obligar + que + subjuntivo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; posible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Muchas gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T10:13:35.473" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T14:34:21.113" Title="Prohibir y obligar (a hacer) - ¿provocan la aparición del modo subjuntivo?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27015" CreationDate="2018-08-06T08:02:07.937" Score="1" ViewCount="3144" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el libro &lt;em&gt;Sapiens&lt;/em&gt; de Yuval Harari leo lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estamos acostumbrados a pensar en nosotros como la única especie humana que hay, porque durante los últimos 10.000 años nuestra especie ha sido, efectivamente, la única especie humana &lt;strong&gt;de estos pagos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T08:50:08.830" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T13:54:50.960" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;de estos pagos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27016" CreationDate="2018-08-06T08:22:42.417" Score="1" ViewCount="2647" Body="&lt;p&gt;Distintas publicaciones del sitio (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23615/1674&quot;&gt;una&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27010/1674&quot;&gt;dos&lt;/a&gt;) hablan del concepto inglés 'diphthongization'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en la Wikipedia, en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_breaking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vowel breaking&lt;/a&gt; se explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In historical linguistics, vowel breaking, vowel fracture or &lt;strong&gt;diphthongization&lt;/strong&gt; is the change of a monophthong into a diphthong or triphthong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es (traducción libre mía):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la lingüística histórica, &lt;em&gt;ruptura de vocales&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fractura de vocales&lt;/em&gt; o la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿diptongación? ¿diptonguización?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es el cambio de un monoptongo en un diptongo o triptongo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en la sección de otras lenguas no aparece el castellano y no acabo de ver cuál es la traducción más correcta del concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos, ¿alguien puede aportar una explicación más detallada de este término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T08:41:34.100" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T09:00:28.337" Title="¿Cómo se denomina el concepto &quot;diphthongization&quot; en el español?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27013" CreationDate="2018-08-06T08:54:04.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;pago&lt;/em&gt; tiene distintos significados, pero este en concreto se refiere a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RSFJVnK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pago&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. pagus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Distrito determinado de tierras o heredades, especialmente de viñas u olivares.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Pueblo pequeño o aldea.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Lugar o región. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Arg., Bol. y Ur. Lugar en el que ha nacido o está arraigada una persona. U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, la tercera acepción indica &lt;em&gt;usado más en plural&lt;/em&gt; y es exactamente el uso que se hace en el fragmento que citas: el uso de &lt;em&gt;en estos pagos&lt;/em&gt; es equivalente a decir &lt;em&gt;en estos lugares&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, cuando el autor indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) nuestra especie ha sido, efectivamente, la única especie humana de estos pagos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería equivalente a que dijera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) nuestra especie ha sido, efectivamente, la única especie humana en este rincón del universo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viniendo a decir que la especie humana ha sido la única presente en las galaxias más cercanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Huelga decir que esta palabra es conocida, pero en el habla coloquial seguramente no la oirías: tiene un tono algo formal (para mí al menos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T08:54:04.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27014" CreationDate="2018-08-06T09:00:28.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diptongación&lt;/em&gt; es el término que se emplea en castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DqSMsYB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diptongación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;f.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Fon.&lt;/em&gt; Acción y efecto de diptongar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes ver en &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=es&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=diptongaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Scholar (es): &amp;quot;diptongación&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; que el término sí se usa en el ámbito académico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La diptongación en leonés&lt;/em&gt;, D Catalán, ÁG de Fuentes (1954)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diptongación castellana y diptongación románica&lt;/em&gt;, D ALonso (1962)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;De la escritura al habla: la diptongación de O breve tónica en el Alto Aragón&lt;/em&gt;, A Vàrvaro (1991)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aspectos fonéticos de la diptongación del rumeno&lt;/em&gt;, F Sánchez Miret (2013)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=diptongaci%C3%B3n&amp;amp;year_start=1860&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt;, se ha utilizado desde finales del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dp8g0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dp8g0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primera entrada en un diccionario: 1884 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T09:00:28.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27012" CreationDate="2018-08-06T09:42:37.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí - cada tipo de petición/orden (en la forma &lt;code&gt;verbo + que&lt;/code&gt;) obliga que se &lt;em&gt;use&lt;/em&gt; el subjuntivo, ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...Francia prohíbe que los menores de 15 años &lt;strong&gt;usen&lt;/strong&gt; celulares en la...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22proh%C3%ADbe+que%22&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=nws&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google News: &quot;prohíbe que&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...se obliga que &lt;strong&gt;haya&lt;/strong&gt; infraestructura para ciclovías...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22obliga+que%22&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=nws&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google News: &quot;obliga que&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay los grupos semánticos de palabras/frases que provocan el subjuntivo (salvo que los rojos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rbPtW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rbPtW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-06T14:34:21.113" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T14:34:21.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-06T17:54:09.090" Score="1" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la sección de anuncios (sección &quot;Servicios&quot;, y dentro de ella &quot;Personas buscadas&quot;) de un periódico argentino he encontrado unas abreviaturas, de las cuales solo entiendo dos, &quot;Sr&quot; y &quot;Sra&quot; (Señor y Señora). ¿A qué se refieren las otras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sra eleg dist bc Sr fs [&lt;em&gt;número de teléfono&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sra sens f/s bca Sr [&lt;em&gt;número de teléfono&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19923" LastEditorUserId="19923" LastEditDate="2018-08-07T15:01:32.530" LastActivityDate="2018-08-07T15:01:32.530" Title="Abreviaturas de anuncios de periódico" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2018-08-09T06:32:12.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27024" CreationDate="2018-08-06T19:13:31.450" Score="4" ViewCount="3294" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=E1z0RhR%7CE1zbR6E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt;, como adverbio tiene los siguientes significados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=E1z0RhR%7CE1zbR6E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Contracc. de de&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; y o&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adv. relat. desus.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;U. en leng. poét.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;adv. interrog. desus.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;dónde&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un himno cristiano he podido observar su uso, claramente toma una connotación poética y tiene una acepción referente a un lugar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la cruz, en la cruz,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do&lt;/strong&gt; primero vi la luz,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Y las manchas de mi alma yo lavé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Fue allí por fe &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; vi a Jesús,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Y siempre feliz con él seré.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE indica que está en desuso, pero quisiera saber si aún es propio usarlo en un escrito poético o narrativo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, según indica la RAE &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; proviene de la &lt;em&gt;&quot;Contracción de &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; pero no toma su significado de esas palabras, pues significa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;donde&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera de ello quisiera saber su origen y su uso, tampoco se puede saber su frecuencia usando &lt;em&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/em&gt;, puesto que se confunde con su otro significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19037" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-05-09T09:30:22.533" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T09:30:22.533" Title="Uso, origen y connotación del adverbio &quot;do&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26997" CreationDate="2018-08-06T19:46:45.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you can see in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/892433600079179776?lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ‏&lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Cuenta verificada @RAEinforma&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;   Aunque «vacaciones» es el uso mayoritario, el singular «vacación» es tb. correcto: «la vacación veraniega» (P. Laín&#xA;  Entralgo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;LC_Historia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ‏&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;@crisis_historia 1 ago. 2017 En respuesta a @RAEinforma  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces ¿Es válida la expresión &quot;me voy de vacación&quot;? Gracias &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ‏&lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Cuenta verificada @RAEinforma 2 ago. 2017&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/strong&gt; Sí, pero no se corresponde con el uso mayoritario y normal hoy («Me voy de vacaciones»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which translated and paraphrased:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ‏&lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Verified Account @RAEinforma&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;   Although «vacaciones» is the majority use, the singular «vacación» is also correct: «la vacación veraniega» (P. Laín Entralgo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;LC_Historia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ‏&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;@crisis_historia 1 Aug. 2017 Replying to @RAEinforma  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So is the expression &quot;me voy de vacación&quot; valid? Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;RAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   ‏&lt;em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Verified Account @RAEinforma 2 Aug. 2017&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/strong&gt; Yes, but it does not correspond to the majority and normal use today («Me voy de vacaciones»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So both uses of the word are correct, but the plural form is the most common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has an explanation, the term &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vacación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; becomes a noun with an abstract meaning since you can not indicate &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;una vacación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as such and can not be measured, for example it is not appropriate to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;- Tengo dos vacaciones.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but rather:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;- Tengo dos periodos de vacaciones. / Tengo dos periodos de vacación.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since the term vacation usually refers to a period of several days of rest, its plural form fits more in the context where it is used, and that is why this is the most common form used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19037" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T19:46:45.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27019" CreationDate="2018-08-06T23:39:06.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Etimología&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No todas las &lt;em&gt;oes&lt;/em&gt; son iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE tiene razón:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;de o&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;dē ubī&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;de&amp;quot; + &amp;quot;donde&amp;quot;) &lt;code&gt;latín&lt;/code&gt; &lt;sup&gt;(cf &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ubi&lt;/strong&gt;cación&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compáralo con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;donde&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;de onde&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;dē unde&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;de&amp;quot; + &amp;quot;de donde&amp;quot;) &lt;code&gt;latín&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al otro lado, la conjunción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;em&gt;aut&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;o&amp;quot;) &lt;code&gt;latín&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Uso&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada en el diccionario Academia Usual (1884) es la primera en que se describe &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adv &lt;strong&gt;1. Donde&lt;/strong&gt;. Hoy generalmente no se usa más que en poesía. || ant. De donde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado esto, se puede inferir que se usaba hasta el siglo XIX. Por supuesto aún puedes usarlo hoy en día, pero no cuentes con que tu audiencia lo entienda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Datos&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes buscar más precisamente usando términos así (para especificar la categoría gramatical etc) en Google Ngram:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=do_ADV&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;do_ADV&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puedes usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el CORDE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-07T09:28:52.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27138" CreationDate="2018-08-07T23:27:57.047" Score="4" ViewCount="33333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo hoy El Chapulín Colorado, un rival del héroe le mencionaba&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El miedo no anda en burro, ¿verdad, Chapulín?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me picó la curiosidad la frase (a pesar que es como la enésima vez que veo el capítulo) y al consultar, aparece una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_miedo_no_anda_en_burro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;película de 1976&lt;/a&gt; con ese título.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://brainly.lat/tarea/6563180&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resultado&lt;/a&gt; de la búsqueda rápida en internet no termina de convencerme (que el miedo es algo muy rápido...) y me queda la duda de cómo surgió la expresión (la adjudico como mexicanismo, pues no recuerdo haberla visto, oído o leído en otras zonas hispanohablantes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valga agregar que la expresión parece &lt;em&gt;reciente&lt;/em&gt;, pues según Google Ngrams aparece en 1923 por primera vez (buscando solo &quot;miedo no anda en burro&quot; pues el máximo es de 5 palabras)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-08T06:20:17.580" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T10:07:45.537" Title="Origen y significado de la expresión &quot;el miedo no anda en burro&quot;" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;&lt;refranes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26999" CreationDate="2018-08-08T01:13:00.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina decimos &lt;strong&gt;nuez de Adán&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Le acabo de preguntar a 5 argentinos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuez_de_Ad%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se explica de donde proviene la confusión entre nuez y manzana de Adán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay dos versiones principales que tratan de explicar el por qué se le conoce como «manzana» o «nuez de Adán». Una de ellas es registrada en el Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable y en la edición de 1913 del Webster's Dictionary. Esta versión apunta a una antigua creencia de que una pieza del fruto prohibido se incrustó en la garganta de Adán (el primer hombre, según las religiones abrahámicas).​ No obstante, no está claro el origen ni el lugar de dicha historia ya que ésta no se encuentra en la Biblia ni tampoco en otros escritos judeocristianos, además de que no se describe cuál era el tipo de fruta que comió Adán.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Que conste que no he leído la biblia, por lo que no sé mucho al respecto.&lt;/strong&gt; Parece que no se sabe con certeza si Adán comió una manzana, pero como la historia dice que se incrusto una pieza del fruto, carozo o semilla, puede que accidentalmente se lo confundió con una nuez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16980" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-08T18:32:11.157" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T18:32:11.157" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26883" CreationDate="2018-08-08T12:37:51.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No puedo darte una respuesta 100% valida pero creo que deriva de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasa flipao!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una manera de saludarse común entre los adolescentes de los años 80. Como es una expresión de barrio tampoco es difícil saber de dónde sale, pero se acercaría al uso de un despectivo suave como afectivo. Es bastante común usar expresiones como &lt;em&gt;tontito&lt;/em&gt; o similar, pero por el contexto adquieren un significado cariñoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y desde ahí tendríamos dos posibles desviaciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1. Tron&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la salida de la película &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.filmaffinity.com/es/film488334.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TRON&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en 1982 se sustituiría la palabra &lt;em&gt;flipao&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;tron&lt;/em&gt; en referencia a esta. Y de ahi quedaría la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasa tron!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego por uso acabaría en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Qué pasa tronco!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;2. Surferos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término tronco se usó mucho tiempo como coloquio entre los surfistas para hablar sobre alguien sin flexibilidad y poco manejo sobre la tabla. De ahí se quedaría porque casi cualquier insulto en español puede acabar según contexto en algo afectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19935" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T18:56:15.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27043" CreationDate="2018-08-08T13:45:31.637" Score="3" ViewCount="1979" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mirando &lt;a href=&quot;https://espanol.babycenter.com/a5700115/gu%C3%ADa-para-alimentar-a-tu-hijo-de-los-12-a-24-meses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo sobre alimentación para niños&lt;/a&gt; me encontré con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Frutas: melón, papaya, &lt;strong&gt;albaricoque (chabacano)&lt;/strong&gt; y toronja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta que en España usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;albaricoque&lt;/em&gt; para denominar a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus_armeniaca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Prunus armeniaca&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WUPWB.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WUPWB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero sin embargo la palabra &lt;em&gt;chabacano&lt;/em&gt; la identificamos con algo muy diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8QuzCHF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chabacano, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De or. inc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Grosero o de mal gusto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al chabacano (‖ lengua). Léxico chabacano.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Lengua criolla de base española y con la estructura gramatical de lenguas nativas, que se habla en Mindanao y otras islas filipinas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Méx. albaricoque.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vemos, el DLE ya indica que en México esta palabra designa al albaricoque y el DAMER amplia un poco la información con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chabacano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chabacano&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  Mx, Cu, RD, Ar; PR, juv. &lt;strong&gt;chabacán&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  m. Mx. Albaricoque, fruto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde la palabra &lt;em&gt;chabacán&lt;/em&gt; a su vez viene definida como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chabac%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chabacán&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  sust/adj. Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, Pa, RD, Bo, Ur; Ar, p.u. Hombre grosero y de mal gusto. (chabacano).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con todo esto quiero decir que me resulta bastante interesante que la palabra &lt;em&gt;chabacano&lt;/em&gt; no tenga origen conocido pero que a la vez designe tres elementos tan distintos. ¿Tienen alguna relación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T09:45:01.970" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T11:58:45.657" Title="¿Por qué &quot;chabacano&quot; es denigrante en España, designa una lengua en Filipinas y se refiere a un albaricoque en México?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27027" CreationDate="2018-08-08T14:17:00.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esa frase hizo muy popular por una película de &quot;la india maria&quot; una película de comedia/horror &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase resulta ser una apología de la actitud que toma alguien asustado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿por que salio corriendo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pues por que el miedo no anda en burro! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y como muchos refranes y dichos mexicanos, debió haber surgido de algún suceso chusco que la gente adoptó y no tuvo alta difusión hasta el final de los 70's. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mis viajes por mexico esta frase resulta mucho mas popular en el interior y sur de la república que en el norte. por lo que me inclinaria a que sus origen &quot;vulgar&quot; se inclina por la demografía de esa zona, aunque tal vez haya tenido origen en otro lugar. Muchos cineastas mexicanos tanto de la época del oro y plata del cine mexicano han tenido su inspiración precisamente de escuchar y conocer costumbres a lo largo y ancho del país. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T14:17:00.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-08T14:28:10.857" Score="1" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mucho he escuchado que algunas palabras son vulgarismos y lo mismo pensaba de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DSn3h29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;deste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;de este&lt;/em&gt;), hasta que me topé con Cervantes y &lt;em&gt;El Mio Cid&lt;/em&gt; para darme cuenta que era bastante usada hace tiempo. Pero más que solo ser usada es que era utilizada para dar un significado solemne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Entonces el uso de &lt;em&gt;deste&lt;/em&gt; por su desuso caería en un vulgarismo o es ignorancia de los parlantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos otros ejemplos podrían ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q6me6bm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;murciégalo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=20CAqSi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;almóndiga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-14T07:37:51.560" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T07:37:51.560" Title="Usos y desusos - Deste ¿Cuando una palabra cae en desuso se considera un vulgarismo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27033" CreationDate="2018-08-08T16:21:36.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;¿Cuando una palabra cae en desuso se considera un vulgarismo?&amp;quot; de hecho es lo contrario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5QpjUZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vulgarismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;De &lt;em&gt;vulgar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; e &lt;em&gt;-ismo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Dicho o frase especialmente usada por el vulgo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. cuando alguien llama a una palabra o un frase un &amp;quot;vulgarismo&amp;quot;, quiere decir que es una palabra/frase común, que se usa la gente normal. No (necesariamente) que lleva una connotación mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c5Ns9tE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vulgar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene dos definiciones principales - en el hable normal, puede significar: &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que es impropio de personas cultas o educadas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;pero clásicamente, y en el campo de lingüística, significa:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perteneciente o relativo al vulgo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dicho de una lengua: Que se habla actualmente, por contraposición a las lenguas sabias.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Es fácil ver como de una definición la otra ha emergido.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T16:21:36.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27039" CreationDate="2018-08-08T17:57:00.820" Score="1" ViewCount="831" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la cancion &quot;X&quot; de Nicky Jam etc escuché la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estamos claro y ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo sé qué significa &quot;Estamos claro&quot;, ¿pero qué significa &quot;y ya&quot; al final de la oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16824" LastEditorUserId="16824" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T06:01:21.410" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T06:01:21.410" Title="¿Qué significa la frase &quot;estamos claro y ya&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-08T22:06:08.173" Score="7" ViewCount="4568" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión que he visto frecuentemente en inglés, principalmente en temas relacionados con tecnologías, es el de &lt;em&gt;Out of the box&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque pareciera relacionada con la expresión &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/13680/cu%C3%A1l-es-una-traducci%C3%B3n-apropiada-para-thinking-out-of-the-box&quot;&gt;Thinking out of the box&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; ,&#xA;en este caso &lt;em&gt;Out of the box&lt;/em&gt; es algo que está listo para ser usado. Ej:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spring boot is a utility for setting up applications quickly, offering an &lt;strong&gt;out of the box&lt;/strong&gt; configuration in order to build Spring powered applications.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/32923000/5440828&quot;&gt;Pregunta en Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia en inglés tiene una entrada para el término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out_of_the_box_(feature)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Out of the box (feature)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An out-of-the-box feature or functionality (also called OOTB or off the shelf), particularly in software, is a feature or functionality of a product that works immediately after or even without any special installation without any configuration or modification. It also means that it is available for all users by default, and are not required to pay additionally to use those features, or needs to be configured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como lo veo, este término sería una metáfora en inglés. Algo &amp;quot;fuera de la caja&amp;quot; da la idea de un producto que ya desempacado y está listo para ser usado. ¿Tenemos en español también una metáfora para este término? ¿O es la traducción simplemente &amp;quot;listo para usar&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-11-17T17:19:42.543" Title="¿Existe una traducción para &quot;Out of the box&quot; en el sentido de algo que está listo para usar?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27037" CreationDate="2018-08-08T23:35:20.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;directamente de la caja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;de la caja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;en la caja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tenemos un caso de advertising y muchos conflictos incluso dentro de la comunidad de desarrolladores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que estas son dos frases muy similares con significados completamente opuestos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primero más usado y más evidente es el de &quot;Pensar fuera de la caja&quot;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro es &quot;out of the box&quot; que por su similitud a &quot;outside the box&quot; se ha querido cambiar a &quot;out from the box&quot;, de la cual la traducción más fiable sería &quot;directamente de la caja&quot;. Esto se utiliza para englobar paqueterías, productos, funciones o servicios de software &lt;strong&gt;opcionales/adicionales&lt;/strong&gt; que puedes encontrar directamente dentro del producto sin tener que fabricar nada nuevo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ejemplo:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes un pintarrón Listo para usar: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu pintarron esta instalado y en el marco tienes un plumón negro y un borrador: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto el plumón, el pintarrón y el borrador están &quot;listo para usarse&quot;, pero tu quieres utilizar un plumón azul a lo que tu vendedor te dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te preocupes, puedes encontrar el plumón azul &quot;en la caja&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No te preocupes, puedes traer el plumón azul &quot;directamente de la caja&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podríamos decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El plumon azul esta listo para usarse, pero ¿donde esta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que OOTB engloba es que hay que sacarlo de la caja para poder usarlo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T14:35:21.933" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T14:35:21.933" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27035" CreationDate="2018-08-08T23:39:01.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;y ya&quot; in English means &quot;and that's it&quot; y ya&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T23:39:01.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27055" CreationDate="2018-08-09T01:18:29.843" Score="1" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;Cien años de solidad&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así que fue una simple casualidad que &lt;strong&gt;revelara&lt;/strong&gt; sus sentimientos&#xA;  políticos, y fue un puro golpe de curiosidad el que lo &lt;strong&gt;metió&lt;/strong&gt; en la&#xA;  ventolera de visitar al médico para tratarse un dolor que no tenía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, ¿por qué se usa la forma verbal de «meter» en indicativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="8819" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T14:27:07.357" LastActivityDate="2018-08-11T08:00:13.450" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo en «una simple casualidad que revelara...»?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27037" CreationDate="2018-08-09T06:29:37.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;listo para usar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es la forma en la que más gente te entendería sin mayor explicación. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=out%20of%20the%20box&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference la recomienda&lt;/a&gt; y no se me ocurre ninguna otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T06:29:37.937" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27042" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-09T07:52:56.057" Score="1" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having just recently taken up Spanish and connecting with lots of people from Spanish speaking countries lately (as is the case when you are in blockchain/cryptocurrency circles), I find myself not being able to tell the difference between Spanish speakers from Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and Spain (sorry if I have missed other major Spanish speaking countries). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience with English and Chinese, it is usually possible to tell where the person is from if you listen closely. However, since I am a beginner it is probably a lot harder to tell from listening to someone speak (because of the speed) or from reading something online (e.g. IM or chat). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any tips from people who are more experienced or native speakers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19658" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T08:40:34.073" LastActivityDate="2018-08-11T13:33:29.820" Title="Best way to tell the difference between the different 'flavours' of Spanish" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27031" CreationDate="2018-08-09T09:37:16.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Evolución de significados&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las primeras entradas diccionarias de &lt;em&gt;chavacano&lt;/em&gt; esclarecen un poco los orígenes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CHAVACANO.&lt;/strong&gt; Deste termino vſan enel Reyno de Toledo, y a vnas ciruela, que por otro nombre dizen porcales, o harta puercos, las llaman chauacanas, y chauacano al hombre groſſero, vulgar e impertinẽte, del nõmbre Griego ΚαναλΘ, fatuus : la ipſylon pronunciamos noſotros como v. pero por mas cierto tengo ſer nombre Hebreo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1611 COVARRUBIAS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chabacana&lt;/strong&gt; se llaman en Andaluzía a la mala fruta, y de aí por cosa baladí y mala; del Gr. que dice Sabacós a lo podrido ranzioso y azedo, y lleno de queresas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1611 ROSAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chavácano,&lt;/strong&gt; m. Homme groſſier.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Ciruelas chavacanas,&lt;/strong&gt; f. &lt;em&gt;Ce ſont certaines prunes à Tolede, qu'on apelle autrement&lt;/em&gt; porceales, &lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt; harta puercos, &lt;em&gt;prunes à nourrir les cochons.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1705 SOBRINO&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, parece que primeramente tenía la definición de una fruta mala o pútrida, y de allí las dos definiciones de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una especie de fruta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;algo grosero en general&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ciruela &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TgQCE1V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciruela porcal&lt;/a&gt; &gt; ciruela chavacana &gt; chavacana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es más fácil ver como, de allí, una palabra que significa &lt;em&gt;&quot;vulgar&quot;, &quot;común&quot;, &quot;de baja calidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt; la aplicaría una gente colonialista a una lengua criolla para distinguirla de su propia lengua. Puedes ver esto en sus sinónimos de esa época: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criollo_chabacano#Etimolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;lenguaje de la calle&quot;, &quot;lenguaje de parian&quot;,  &quot;lenguaje de cocina&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Análoga es la palabra &lt;em&gt;patois&lt;/em&gt; en francés para denominar las lenguas no prestigiosas (ej. occitano, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Primeros usos registrados&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Parece que más temprano, &lt;em&gt;chabacana&lt;/em&gt; también significó fruta desabrida:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Las que llaman ciruelas son verdaderamente fruta de arboles... Otras hay grandes, y de color escura y de mucha carne; &lt;strong&gt;pero es comida gruesa y de poco gusto, que son como chabacanas.&lt;/strong&gt; Estas tienen dos o tres hosezuelos pequeños en cada una.&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=BMFLkCEiJaIC&amp;amp;pg=PA235&amp;amp;lpg=PA235&amp;amp;dq=chabacanas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Historia natural y moral de las Indias&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, José de Acosta (1590)&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Y Diego Sánchez de Badajoz en 1554, con multiples significaciones:&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Sería injusto quien, fijándose únicamente en composiciones de &#xA;  la ínfima laya de los Disparates trobados, confundiese á Juan del &#xA;  Enzina en el grupo de los copleros chabacanos y adocenados.&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/obrascompletas06men/obrascompletas06men_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;HISTORIA DE LA POESÍA CASTELLANA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;No hay barbero aquí presente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo con este chabacano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Ay peidoneos Dios, hermano.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;Dejaréis el chabacano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pablo. Espera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Fraile. Vén acá, hermano,&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota al pie de página&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;Sin duda se dispone á afeitar al&#xA;  fraile con un instrumento que &#xA;  llama chabacano, quizas por &#xA;  su forma grosera , pues los pas- &#xA;  tores á veces de un hierro meti- &#xA;  do en un palo hacen cuchillo. &#xA;  Que es instrumento cortante, se &#xA;  deduce también de la pág. 37.&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/stream/recopilacionenm01sngoog/recopilacionenm01sngoog_djvu.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recopilacion en metro del Bachiller Diego Sanchez de Badajoz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T11:58:45.657" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T11:58:45.657" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27045" CreationDate="2018-08-09T13:10:33.900" Score="3" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it's common to say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Generous to a fault&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Would &quot;Generoso a una falla&quot; be the right translation? It sounds off to me. I'm looking for Hispanic use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;He was generous to a fault&quot; : A man so generous it worked against him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19943" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T13:34:24.573" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T13:19:24.860" Title="How would you translate &quot;to a fault&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27044" CreationDate="2018-08-09T13:32:50.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing tht comes to my mind would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demasiado generoso para su propio bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try to go with &amp;quot;demasiado generoso&amp;quot; alone, but I don't think that by itself ot has the connotations of &amp;quot;too much for their own good&amp;quot; (which would be &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;para su propio bien&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar with other possibilities like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se pasó de generoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generoso en exceso / excesivamente generoso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could just mean that he was too or very generous (going above and beyond) but not necessarily &amp;quot;too much for their own good&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;generoso hasta lo nocivo / perjudicial / contraproducente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could not work that well, although they could be used. There is something tricky about &amp;quot;generoso&amp;quot; (or &lt;em&gt;kind&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;helpful&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), since when you claim that it was &amp;quot;to a fault&amp;quot; you can't really tell if it was counterproductive to the person who was being helped or to the person giving help. You could go with most of these, but my preference is to go with the &amp;quot;demasiado X para su propio bien&amp;quot; expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T13:41:30.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27046" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27069" CreationDate="2018-08-09T13:54:04.557" Score="1" ViewCount="543" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre el verbo &lt;em&gt;curtir&lt;/em&gt; dice el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BlNrue5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;curtir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. conterĕre 'machacar'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Tratar y preparar la piel obtenida de un animal muerto para su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dicho del sol o del aire: Endurecer o tostar a una persona o alguna zona de su cuerpo, generalmente el cutis. U. m. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Acostumbrar a alguien a la vida dura y a sufrir adversidades que puedan sobrellevarse con el paso del tiempo. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. coloq. Arg. y Ur. Castigar con azotes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y llego a esta palabra por un tuit que leí hace unos meses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bagdad se opone al referendum, pero no puede hacer nada xq la milicia kurda (&quot;peshmerga&quot;) se &lt;strong&gt;curte&lt;/strong&gt; al ejército iraquí si es necesario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La única opción q tiene Bagdad para frenar el referendum es q EEUU aplique suficiente presión sobre los kurdos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/pmarsupia/status/910467390613356544&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Principia Marsupia (@pmarsupia), 20 septiembre 2017&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, aquí lo que está diciendo el autor es que una milicia puede derrotar fácilmente a un ejército. Para explicar el concepto utiliza el verbo &lt;em&gt;curtir&lt;/em&gt;, que para mí no tiene esta connotación. Leyendo las acepciones actuales tampoco lo parece, pero me sorprende que su etimología indique &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NmS04GH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;machacar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que actualmente sí tendría el sentido de &quot;derrotar fácilmente&quot; (&lt;em&gt;1. Golpear algo para deformarlo, aplastarlo o reducirlo a fragmentos pequeños sin llegar a triturarlo. // 2. tr. hacer polvo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto pues el uso de &lt;em&gt;curtir&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;derrotar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T14:03:59.613" Title="¿Puede &quot;curtir&quot; tener actualmente el significado de &quot;machacar&quot; que tenía en origen?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27042" CreationDate="2018-08-09T15:04:45.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way to tell one accent from another is getting used to it, listening to it. If you don't get the difference is because you haven't listened enough to different types of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each country, and even city, can have their own accent. You can easily distinguish some of them with practice, but the more versed you are in Spanish the more accents you'll be able to notice.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user12299" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T17:10:44.203" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T17:10:44.203" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27050" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27052" CreationDate="2018-08-09T16:23:31.237" Score="2" ViewCount="3631" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de escribirlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya te contaré &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya te contaré &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista no es una pregunta ni directa ni indirecta y no debería llevar tilde, y tampoco es exclamación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1938" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T08:38:59.050" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T08:39:37.100" Title="¿Lleva tilde &quot;Ya te contaré qué/que tal&quot;?" Tags="&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27050" CreationDate="2018-08-09T18:20:53.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí la lleva. Es un pronombre interrogativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya te contaré &lt;strong&gt;qué&lt;/strong&gt; tal estoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Ya te contaré &lt;strong&gt;cómo&lt;/strong&gt; estoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sustituye a una subordinada sustantiva donde explicarías cómo estás, y actúa como nexo entre las dos proposiciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un &amp;quot;te contaré cómo&amp;quot;, así que tiene una clara función interrogativa, aunque no sea una pregunta. Denota información pendiente de especificar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, la segunda frase podría existir. En ese caso sería un pronombre relativo, que sólo hace de enlace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya te contaré que tal o cual cosa es...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T08:39:37.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27040" CreationDate="2018-08-09T21:28:24.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is a very good question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only explanation I can think of is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Revelara&quot; is subjunctive because it is kind of equivalent to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;El hecho de que eso pudiera ocurrir&quot; fue una casualidad.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's true it happened, so it should be a fact, but you are talking about the &lt;strong&gt;idea&lt;/strong&gt;, and ideas are not exactly facts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) This one has puzzled me a little bit. I'd use subjunctive here too, because of the same reason. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in both cases you can use any of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subjunctive is more abstract, it refers to the idea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Indicative mood highlights that it actually happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-09T21:30:42.507" LastActivityDate="2018-08-09T21:30:42.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27085" CreationDate="2018-08-10T09:12:19.950" Score="11" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Elena Álvarez Mellado nos descubrió hace un ratillo en Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabo de descubrir a través de esta entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/semevadlalengua&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;@semevadlalengua&lt;/a&gt; que la forma &amp;quot;por favor&amp;quot; no apareció hasta el siglo XIX &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semevadelalengua.es/?p=549&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.semevadelalengua.es/?p=549&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/lirondos/status/1027838801190813696&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elena Álvarez Mellado (@lirondos), 10 agosto 2018&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semevadelalengua.es/?p=549&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Mi segundo) Congreso Internacional de Historia de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; la filóloga Carlota dBM explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La brillantísima plenaria de Silvia Iglesias fue una introducción a la pragmática histórica a partir del ejemplo de cómo se formulaban las peticiones durante los Siglos de Oro. Por mucho que nos pueda sorprender, la forma habitual de pedir algo entonces era usando el imperativo (&lt;em&gt;cierra la puerta&lt;/em&gt;), con una compleja interacción con el uso de los tratamientos verbales para los distintos grados de cortesía, mientras que la forma habitual de hacerlo ahora, a partir de preguntas indirectas (&lt;em&gt;¿podrías cerrar la puerta, por favor?&lt;/em&gt;) no se empleaba en absoluto (&lt;strong&gt;¡y de hecho la forma &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; aparece en el  siglo XIX!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorprendido por el hecho que resalto en negrita me quedé con la duda de la otra parte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...) la forma habitual de pedir algo entonces era usando el imperativo, con una compleja interacción con el uso de los tratamientos verbales para los distintos grados de cortesía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿A qué combinaciones se refiere? ¿Qué formas de pedir algo ha habido históricamente, habida cuenta que &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; es tan reciente? ¿Se usaban otras formas equivalentes a &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T11:20:47.707" Title="¿Qué formas de cortesía han existido en el español? ¿Qué se usaba antes del &quot;por favor&quot; nacido en el siglo XIX?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27040" CreationDate="2018-08-10T15:42:21.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas del subjuntivo son un poco opacas, dada su historia como la fusión de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood#Indo-European_languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos modos históricos indoeuropeos&lt;/a&gt; (más o menos &amp;quot;tal vez sea&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;así sea&amp;quot;) y su evolución continual hasta el latín y el castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, este artículo clasifica las distintas situaciones en las cuales el subjuntivo se usaría cuando se habla de &lt;em&gt;hechos&lt;/em&gt;. En la sección relevante (23, 24), se explica que cuando se habla de algo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que ha pasado por casualidad/suerte/azar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;y que también es extraño o requiere explicación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se invoca el subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; Two types of clause that are indicative in most languages are now subjunctive in Spanish, when they occur in very specific situations that will be defined below...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Affective&lt;/em&gt; clauses name what is out of the ordinary or strange in the context, what may call for explanation or be the subject of comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CHANCE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;23.&lt;/strong&gt; What has happened by chance, without assignable cause, in the natural course of events, is expressed in the mood determined by presence or absence of affectivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AFFECTIVE, INFORMATIVE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.&lt;/strong&gt; Strange or unexpected, favorable or unfavorable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acaeció, desgraciadamente, que hubiera en el grupo un miembro de la oposición. Así sucedió que toda la Canaria se poblase. Llegó el caso de que los ciudadanos trabasen altercados con las tropas. Dió el caso de que tumbados en medio del camino, se negaran a seguir. Fue Dios servido que a la hora de mediodía sobresaltase a Su Majestad el mismo accidente de fiebre maligno. Realmente &lt;strong&gt;fué una casualidad&lt;/strong&gt; que yo me &lt;strong&gt;encontrara&lt;/strong&gt; en el auditorio en aquella histórica ocasión. En un estanque se ha dado el caso de que mate a un pez sesenta veces más pesado que él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/337017&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subjunctive of Fact&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Gordon T. Fish (&lt;em&gt;Hispania&lt;/em&gt; Vol. 46, No.2) (1963)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-11T08:00:13.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26776" CreationDate="2018-08-10T16:13:59.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;to add to aparente's Answer and make it clearer :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both are correct, but have a different meaning and in english they would be like this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For esperaba:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Usted lo esperaba&quot; : you were waiting for Him/Her/It&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Usted esperaba&quot; : you were waiting (for something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can also add the reflexive pronoun &quot;se&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Usted se esperaba&quot;: you were waiting (and that's it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For quemaba :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;usted lo quemaba:&quot; you were burning Him/Her/It&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Usted quemaba:&quot; you were burning (something)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Usted quemaba:&quot; you were very hot you could burn. (as with a fever)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the reflexive pronoun &quot;se&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;usted se quemaba&quot; : you were burning (you were the one burning) or (You use to burned yourself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think at this point that THESE DON'T HAVE A FORMAL OR INFORMAL speech difference. the only difference is the use of the indicative. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The formality difference&lt;/strong&gt;  lies in the uses of &quot;Tu&quot; and &quot;Usted&quot; where the informal (tu) is not being used.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;even &quot;lo esperaba&quot; is already conjugated with the pronoun &quot;Usted&quot; , the real &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;informal options are :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without explicit pronoun     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo esperabas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  esperabas   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the explicit pronoun &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu lo esperabas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tu esperabas    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T19:41:00.590" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T19:41:00.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27042" CreationDate="2018-08-10T17:19:04.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es bien curiosa y bastante difícil de responder por escrito. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nací en Colombia, por lo tanto mi lengua nativa es español.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Con el tiempo uno aprende a distinguir que cada país cuya lengua nativa es español tiene una manera y ritmo particular (que denominamos &quot;el dejo&quot;) para pronunciar y usar el idioma, que todos los nativos de ese país usan independiente de la región/provincia/departamento de donde provengan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única manera de aprender a distinguir es escuchando.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y para complicar aun más el asunto, cada región/provincia/departamento de un pais tienen además variaciones de ritmo dejo que el permite a uno, como en mi caso en Colombia, determinar de cuál región colombiana es la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is very curious and quite difficult to answer in writing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was born in Colombia, therefore my native language is Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time one learns to distinguish that each country whose native language is Spanish has a particular way and rhythm (which we call in Spanish &quot;el dejo&quot;) to speak y use the language, which all natives of that country use regardless of the region / province / department where they come from. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to further complicate the matter, each region / province / department of one country also has variations in rhythm, which allows one, as in my case in Colombia, to determine  from which Colombian region is the person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to learn to distinguish is by listening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sorry the english, I can read but I need google to translate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T17:19:04.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2018-08-10T18:44:55.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya aprendimos por las respuestas anteriores que &quot;&lt;strong&gt;quesadilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es el nombre de un alimento en Mexico.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ahora lo complicado, resulta que en Colombia usamos la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;quesadillo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; para referirse a un alimento hecho con queso suave (no madurado), al cual se le da forma de empanada, cuyo interior está relleno de &quot;bocadillo&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Este &quot;bocadillo&quot; es un alimento, más precisamente un dulce que se hace de una fruta que en Colombia denominamos &quot;guayaba&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También tenemos el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;quesariquipe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, que es también hecho de queso suave (no madurado) pero está relleno de &quot;arequipe&quot;, que es un dulce que se hace a partir de leche y azucar morena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T18:44:55.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2018-08-10T20:19:15.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Cuba, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MnrWCnQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;lagarto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://ruc.udc.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/2183/8201/LYT_20_2003_art_12.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;láguer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (generic term for a beer, unlike English &lt;em&gt;lager&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Catalonia, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UvNPWWd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quinto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (historically a &lt;em&gt;fifth&lt;/em&gt; of a litre) is used to refer to any small bottle of beer (250ml usually). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Mexico you also have &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_bottle#%22Caguama%22_and_%22Ballena%22_bottles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;caguama&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ballena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (940 ml bottle).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T11:48:47.070" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T11:48:47.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27042" CreationDate="2018-08-10T21:35:27.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Identifying where &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; a Spanish speaker is from might be very tricky, but I can offer several important distinctions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;American vs. European&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By European Spanish I mean the Spanish that is spoken in Spain. The standard European Spanish (the prestige dialect, the one most associated with Spain, etc.) is easily distinguishable from most varieties of American Spanish because it has the sound /θ/, which is like English &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;thorn&lt;/em&gt;, and it contrasts with /s/. If you hear the &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;zapato&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; pronounced like this, while the &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;súper&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced differently, then the speaker is almost surely from Spain. In most of Spain, also, the /s/ often comes out with a kind of &quot;whistle&quot; or &quot;rustle&quot; (technical details aside).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most American varieties of Spanish don't have this distinction, so the initial sounds of &lt;em&gt;zapato&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cerca&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;súper&lt;/em&gt; are the same: /s/. This /s/ is also pronounced differently; it sounds flatter, more like English /s/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are places in Spain (Andalucía mostly) where people do not distinguish /θ/ and /s/, and sometimes they only use /θ/ (but these are the minority).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mexican vs. others&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard Mexican Spanish has a particular rhythm. According to some it has taken after English in that it's stress-timed. This means that the time between stressed syllables tends to be the same, and the non-stressed syllables in between tend to get squeezed, their vowels shortened or dropped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, other varieties of Spanish are syllable-timed: they have a more-or-less constant tempo, all syllables lasting about the same, and vowels are not consistently dropped or reduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Rioplatense vs. others&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rioplatense Spanish is spoken by many Argentinians and Uruguayans, not all around the mouth of the Río de la Plata, but along its tributaries and in the south of Argentina. It's very recognizable because its rhythm and intonation resembles that of (standard) Italian. It has a particular way of pronouncing the sounds written &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, with a strong friction (almost like English &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; or French &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;), and it also employs &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;, whereby the second person singular pronoun is &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; and the corresponding verb endings change. Even if you don't know these verb endings, you'll immediately notice that the stress is on the last syllable (over the ending) instead of on the verb root as usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voseo&lt;/em&gt; is found in many other dialects but only in Rioplatense is it almost universal to the exclusion of other conjugations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Andean Spanish&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Andean Spanish is spoken by people mostly in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and northwestern Argentina (also parts of Chile and Colombia). One salient feature is that the &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; sound (or &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; at the beginning of words) becames a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiced retroflex sibilant&lt;/a&gt;. This is difficult to explain, but you can hear it &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/yzUAUv16x6k?t=29s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (the singer says: «cantando al sol como la ciga&lt;strong&gt;rr&lt;/strong&gt;a»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some dialects of Andean Spanish are also notable for pronouncing &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; distinctly, which is not done in most other dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-08-11T13:33:29.820" LastActivityDate="2018-08-11T13:33:29.820" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27082" CreationDate="2018-08-11T10:14:43.410" Score="5" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como bien está explicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23968/c%c3%b3mo-se-decide-si-una-palabra-se-tiene-que-marcar-como-en-desuso-o-eliminarla&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17437/cu%c3%a1l-es-el-proceso-para-eliminar-una-palabra-del-drae/17642#17642&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; página, ciertas palabras que caen en desuso se mueven del diccionario principal de la lengua española al diccionario histórico de la lengua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la palabra &quot;aballenar&quot; no está incluida en el DRAE (buscarla &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;), pero sí está disponible en el Nuevo diccionario histórico del español (NDHE) (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DH/org/login/Inicio.view;jsessionid=C3E612964727D70E78AB3535269B4B1F&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué pasa si la palabra vuelve a usarse? Por ejemplo, puedo introducir &quot;aballenar&quot; en los libros que escribo. ¿Es ésto suficiente para traer válidamente una palabra del pasado al presente? ¿Cuál es el criterio para &quot;des-desusar&quot; una palabra? ¿Hay ejemplos históricos de esto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="18793" LastEditDate="2018-08-11T10:20:36.467" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T11:19:53.907" Title="¿Es posible revertir el estado de &quot;desuso&quot; de una palabra?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-11T16:26:04.067" Score="4" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently gotten into contact with my birth mother (I’m adopted and from Peru) and she calls me daughter but I don’t know what to call her (our conversations are in Spanish with the help of a friend translator and google).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She gave birth to me and everything and she’s apologized for it over and over again for putting me up for adoption and it’s not something she should apologize for.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But I don’t know what to call her without insulting or demeaning my mom who raised me and took care of me. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19962" LastEditorUserId="12621" LastEditDate="2018-08-14T21:34:26.053" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:18:58.787" Title="What do I call my birth mother?" Tags="&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;&lt;perú&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-08-16T13:20:32.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27065" CreationDate="2018-08-12T00:59:02.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey I am here in Argentina with my girlfriend. She is Argentinian. It's a different culture but it's nearby. Here is a standard list of words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madre&lt;/strong&gt; - most formal &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mamá&lt;/strong&gt; - formal &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ma&lt;/strong&gt; - informal (more for teenagers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mamí&lt;/strong&gt; - most informal (more for children)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18724" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T00:59:02.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-12T01:12:36.717" Score="1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in a documentation on the Spanish language. Like really concise - similar to the documentation of a computer language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of bloat on learning languages online or sometimes even in textbooks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could show me some very concise or to the point resource on technical aspects of understanding the language that would help me (and make me very happy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18724" LastEditorUserId="18724" LastEditDate="2018-08-12T01:17:51.887" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T01:17:51.887" Title="Manual on the Spanish language" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-08-13T09:14:06.447" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27046" CreationDate="2018-08-12T14:03:59.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actualmente, en España, en lenguaje coloquial y grosero, se utiliza la expresión 'curtir a hostias' para indicar precisamente machacar, derrotar, destrozar etc. etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se utilizar &quot;curtir el lomo&quot; con el mismo sentido, aunque es menos grosero. Si buscas esas expresiones en google verás algunos ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y a veces, aunque es menos común, sí que se utiliza 'te voy a curtir' o 'te van a curtir' con ese significado, especialmente para indicar la derrota en algún juego (aunque esto te lo digo como hablante del castellano que vive en España, porque no he encontrado enlaces en google con esa expresión a secas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/curtir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Y por lo que veo en este enlace&lt;/a&gt;, en Sudamérica se utiliza 'curtir' como sinónimo de castigar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13408" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T14:03:59.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27065" CreationDate="2018-08-12T19:51:14.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term for your &quot;birth mother&quot; in spanish is &lt;strong&gt;madre biológica&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;madre natural&lt;/strong&gt; and your foster mother would be &lt;strong&gt;madre adoptiva&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;madrastra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you may call them both &lt;strong&gt;madre&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;mamá&lt;/strong&gt;. If you don't have enough ties with your biological mother you may call her by her first name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or much better, and sure she will appreciate, ask her &quot;¿Puedo llamarte mamá?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T19:51:14.893" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27073" CreationDate="2018-08-12T20:57:19.057" Score="1" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know to say: &lt;em&gt;con permiso&lt;/em&gt; for excuse me. I usually use this when I need to walk past someone but are there other types of &lt;em&gt;excuse me&lt;/em&gt;? Like for example I want to ask a stranger for directions or the time of day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19969" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-13T09:22:52.100" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T09:22:52.100" Title="What are the different ways to say 'excuse me'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27072" CreationDate="2018-08-12T21:37:54.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You point out a very interesting thing: &quot;excuse me&quot; can be used both for walking past someone, and for stopping someone to ask in the street.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To stop someone, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Perdone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Disculpe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To apologize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Perdón / perdone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lo siento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Lo lamento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To walk past someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Perdón / perdone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Con permiso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Por favor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many synonyms for the verbs themselves, but they can't be used to ask for permission. I think those are all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-08-12T21:37:54.303" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27077" CreationDate="2018-08-13T08:07:26.260" Score="1" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is a beer known as a &lt;em&gt;lagarto&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;quot;lizard&amp;quot;) in Cuba?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lagarto:&lt;/strong&gt; (uso vulgar) cerveza (&lt;em&gt;Cuba&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ruc.udc.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/2183/8201/LYT_20_2003_art_12.pdf?sequence=1&amp;amp;isAllowed=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Glosario popular cubano&lt;/em&gt; (Estudio de cubanismos actuales)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MnrWCnQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE entry&lt;/a&gt; (6.) nor the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=lagarto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de Americanismos one&lt;/a&gt; (V. 1.) explain the etymology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T08:29:16.003" Title="Why are beers called &quot;lagartos&quot; in Cuba?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27076" CreationDate="2018-08-13T08:07:26.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another older word for beer in Cuba is &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=l%C3%A1guer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;láguer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Lagarto&lt;/em&gt; came to be used as a synonym solely due to its phonetic similarity to &lt;em&gt;laguér&lt;/em&gt;; the word has nothing to do with lizards in this context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La motivación puede ser a veces puramente fónica, sin que medie ninguna relación semántica entre la palabra sustituida y la sustituidora. En el ejemplo presentado podría también considerarse que entra en acción un procedimiento de derivación mixta (véase a este respecto § 3.4.4):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lagarto&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;ampl. de&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;láguer&lt;/strong&gt;] &lt;em&gt;m. cul. vulg. gen.&lt;/em&gt; cerveza [&lt;em&gt;sin. véase en&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;fría&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/zzp/download/120095587&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Variación lingüística en el español de Cuba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Ariel Laurencio Tacoronte&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;3. MORFOLOGÍA Y SINTAXIS: 3.4 Cambios del significante: 3.4.3 Sustitución&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Though &lt;em&gt;láguer&lt;/em&gt; clearly derives from the English &lt;em&gt;lager&lt;/em&gt;/German &lt;em&gt;Lagerbier&lt;/em&gt;, in Cuban Spanish this refers to any type of beer, not just lagers.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T08:07:26.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27079" CreationDate="2018-08-13T13:28:14.390" Score="3" ViewCount="7931" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con cierta frecuencia se lee la expresión &lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya no vamos a &lt;strong&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/strong&gt; para informar de que hay fuego, pero sí podemos hacerlo contra la violencia machista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/politica/2018/03/27/diario_de_espana/1522104337_588227.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Las campanas tocan a rebato en defensa propia&lt;/a&gt;, El País, 27 de marzo de 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VJfMrSm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es palabra recogida por el DLE, pero también &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3h8IU2z%7C3hAaJAi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, por lo que la pronunciación suele ser indistinguible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál de estas formas es correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocar a arrebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocar arrebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T07:51:24.153" Title="¿Se dice &quot;tocar a rebato&quot;, &quot;tocar a arrebato&quot; o &quot;tocar arrebato&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27078" CreationDate="2018-08-13T13:28:14.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con este significado, y dado que &lt;em&gt;rebato&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt; son sinónimas, son válidas &lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tocar a arrebato&lt;/em&gt;, si bien &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es más común.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo que es incorrecto es decir &lt;em&gt;tocar arrebato&lt;/em&gt;, una forma de escribirlo seguramente heredera de oír &lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt; y asociar la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; como elemento de la siguiente palabra, la cual es la conocida &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto nos lo explica el DPD, de cuya entrada he quitado los ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=NpUb51BvFD6vZZdiA7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Se usa normalmente en la locución &lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que, además de su sentido recto, tiene el figurado de ‘dar la señal de alarma ante cualquier peligro’. Es también válida, aunque rara hoy, la variante &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en el artículo correspondiente de &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt; dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=arrebato&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arrebato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. ‘Acción de arrebatarse’ y ‘furor causado por la vehemencia de alguna pasión’: «Allí la abraza y la besa en arrebato fogoso y peliculero» (ASantos Estanquera [Esp. 1981]). &lt;strong&gt;Es poco frecuente su uso como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;rebato&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;tocar a arrebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=NpUb51BvFD6vZZdiA7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rebato&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante también ver la evolución en el uso hasta convertir el uso de &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto en algo marginal, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tocar%20a%20rebato%2Ctocar%20a%20arrebato%2Ctocar%20arrebato&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctocar%20a%20rebato%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20a%20arrebato%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctocar%20arrebato%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9ez8m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9ez8m.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo ello viene del hecho que se esté usando &lt;em&gt;arrebato&lt;/em&gt; en su segunda entrada, que ha caído en desuso en favor de &lt;em&gt;rebato&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como indica el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3h8IU2z%7C3hAaJAi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;arrebato&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. desus. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VJfMrSm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rebato&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VJfMrSm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del ár. hisp. ribáṭ 'servicio en rábida', y este del ár. clás. ribāṭ.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Convocación de los vecinos de uno o más pueblos, hecha por medio de campana, tambor, almenara u otra señal, con el fin de defenderse cuando sobreviene un peligro.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Alarma o conmoción ocasionada por algún acontecimiento repentino y temeroso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Mil. Acometimiento repentino que se hace al enemigo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;de rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. De improviso, repentinamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tocar a rebato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. Dar la señal de alarma ante cualquier peligro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. verb. desus. Se empleaba para expresar el peligro de una incursión repentina del enemigo sobre el pueblo, al cual se avisaba tocando aprisa las campanas para que se pusiese en defensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-14T07:51:24.153" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T07:51:24.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20499" CreationDate="2018-08-14T03:48:45.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España lo mas coloquial y similar a &lt;strong&gt;lock&lt;/strong&gt; sería el verbo &lt;code&gt;echar&lt;/code&gt;, que en el contexto de cerrar es practicamente un equivalente, ya que su uso es generalmente con cosas con cerradura, el verbo &lt;code&gt;echar&lt;/code&gt; en una de sus acepciones se describe de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Echar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dar a una llave, un cerrojo, un pestillo, el movimiento necesario para cerrar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sur, es habitual escuchar expresiones como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lock the door.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa la/s puerta/s. (Cierra la/s puerta/s con llave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa la llave &lt;em&gt;(omitido, ...de cualquier cerradura; puerta; coche; candado... según contexto)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cierra con llave. (Cerrar la/s puerta/s con llave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros contextos de uso habitual, podrian ser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa el coche. (Cerrar las puertas del coche con llave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa la casa. (Cerrar la/s puerta/s de la casa con llave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa el garaje. (Cerrar el garaje con llave)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando hacemos referencia a cosas sin cerradura, simplemente significa cerrar, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echa la persiana. (Cierra la persiana y cierrala con llave si tiene)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podriamos usarlo para decir que algo esta cerrado con llave&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La puerta está echada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El coche esta echado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene la habitacion echada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducciones como trancar o atrancar, me paracen forzosas o fuera de lugar directamente pues no implican cerrar con una cerradura, más bien sería cerrar con una tranca, estaca, cerrojo... hoy día trancar o atrancar son de uso menos frecuente (estamos rodeados de cerraduras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16904" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T03:59:38.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-14T08:50:45.840" Score="2" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://lacabezallena.com/lengua/diccionario-estrafalario/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;12 palabras que cambiaron completamente de significado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; me encuentro con numerosos casos interesantes. Hoy me centro en &lt;em&gt;adolescencia&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADOLESCENCIA. s. f. La edad desde catorce hasta veinte y cinco años. &lt;em&gt;Adolescentia&lt;/em&gt;. SOLIS Hist. de Nuev. Esp. lib. 3. cap. 14. Habia maestros de niñez, adolescencia, y juventud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de 1770 aparece la palabra adolescencia con un significado muy similar al actual, pero nos sorprende su duración: ¡hasta los 25 años!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, mirando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/ntllet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mapa de diccionarios&lt;/a&gt; observamos cómo la definición ha ido variando con el tiempo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1780&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;1817&lt;/strong&gt;. s. f. La edad desde catorce hasta veinte y cinco años. &lt;em&gt;Adolescentia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1884&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Edad que sucede á la infancia y que transcurre desde que a perocen [aparecen] los primeros indicios de la pubertad hasta el completo desarrollo del cuerpo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1992&lt;/strong&gt; u &lt;strong&gt;2001&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Edad que sucede a la niñez y que transcurre desde la pubertad hasta el completo desarrollo del organismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como en algunos casos se habla de &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pubertad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, analicemos también la evolución de su definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1780&lt;/strong&gt;. s. f. La edad de catorce años en el varon, y de doce en la muger. &lt;em&gt;Pubertas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1817&lt;/strong&gt;. s. f. La aptitud para reproducirse, que en el varon se supone a la edad de catorce años, y en la muger á los doce. Pubertas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1884&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Época de la vida en que empieza á manifestarse la aptitud para la reproducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1992&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;2001&lt;/strong&gt;. f. Primera fase de la adolescencia en la cual se producen las modificaciones propias del paso de la infancia a la edad adulta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vaya, que parece que actualmente se considera &lt;em&gt;pubertad&lt;/em&gt; como una primera fase de la &lt;em&gt;adolescencia&lt;/em&gt;, de duración indefinida pero seguramente de algunos años, mientras que antes (1780) era algo así como un punto exacto (14 años en hombres, 12 en mujeres), un hito en el cual se entraba en la adolescencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centrémonos en lo estrictamente lingüístico: ¿A qué se debe esta evolución en la denominación? ¿Por qué se fijaba exactamente el rango 14 a 25 años para la adolescencia? ¿Acaso no es extraño que el diccionario tomara esta definición en una época donde la &lt;a href=&quot;https://politikon.es/2015/06/05/cuanto-mas-vivimos-hoy-la-revolucion-de-la-salud/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esperanza de vida era bastante baja&lt;/a&gt;, con lo que podemos suponer además que bastante gente ya tenía hijos al llegar a los 25 años?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T20:12:06.010" Title="¿Qué edades comprende la definición de &quot;adolescencia&quot;? ¿Cómo y por qué ha evolucionado con el tiempo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27063" CreationDate="2018-08-14T10:44:27.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Claro que es posible! Como se comentó en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17429/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo elige la RAE las palabras que son “válidas”?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y tantos otros lugares, la RAE hace de notario de la lengua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tarea de la RAE es registrar el lenguaje tal y como es hablado por sus hablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una gran mayoría de sus hablantes usan una determinada palabra, la RAE la registra. Generalmente como un vulgarismo/coloquianismo, cuando la palabra se normaliza en la sociedad, pasa a ser una palabra más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto está más detallado en una respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/19900/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Durante cuántos años debe aparecer una palabra en textos escritos para que la RAE la recoja en el diccionario?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juαn Vte. Sαntαcreu: hola, buenas noches @perezreverte por favor, ¿cuantos años hace falta que una palabra circule para que la RAE la admita?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arturo Pérez-Reverte: @JVSantacreu Cinco, si hay documentación escrita. Si es usada por los hispanoahablantes (50 millones aquí, 400 allí) de foma general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta lo dicho en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/17642/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el proceso para eliminar una palabra del DRAE?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras no se eliminan &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;. Solo por desuso las palabras que salen del diccionario se transfieren al &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, que es un diccionario de diccionarios, tal y como se describe en la propia página de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que más o menos coincide con lo que se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/23968/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cómo se decide si una palabra se tiene que marcar como “en desuso” o eliminarla del diccionario?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto nos hace ver que una palabra que haya pertenecido alguna vez al diccionario, seguirá estando allí, aunque tal vez marcada como en desuso. Veo esto como una manera de evitar una proliferación innecesaria de términos ante la ausencia de una palabra para definirlos: &lt;em&gt;ey&lt;/em&gt;, está diciendo la RAE, &lt;em&gt;antes de inventar algo nuevo fíjate en si ya existe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;una palabra marcada como en desuso siempre estará allí disponible para volver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;su reincorporación al habla normal dependerá de su uso, que deberá ser prolongado e intenso para que los académicos la consideren una palabra más.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como vimos en los comentarios, la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3ljwHF8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;arroba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un caso de palabra que ha recuperado su uso pero con una nueva acepción: de medida de peso durante muchos años pero no actualmente, ha pasado a referirse generalmente al símbolo &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt;, cuya nueva acepción fue añadida hace pocos años.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Ahora mismo no caigo ni he podido encontrar palabra alguna cuyo significado cayera en desuso y posteriormente se recuperara con ese mismo sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nos queda la duda de si &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21035/1674&quot;&gt;la RAE tiene algún criterio a la hora de consultar textos en Internet para dar forma a su diccionario&lt;/a&gt;: es algo a lo que aún no hemos encontrado respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T11:19:53.907" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27044" CreationDate="2018-08-14T13:19:24.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Generoso a una falla&lt;/em&gt; is not idiomatic; however, I suggest interpreting this as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pecar de generoso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to imply &lt;em&gt;to much generosity caused a problem.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T13:19:24.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27065" CreationDate="2018-08-14T15:33:01.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok here are the different contexts and words you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the farthest to the closest context &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Señora&lt;/strong&gt; - you don't acknowledge her as your family&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Madre&lt;/strong&gt; - you acknowledge her as your progenitor and deserves your respect&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Mamá&lt;/strong&gt; - you acknowledge her as your Mom, a person you love no matter what   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mami&lt;/strong&gt;: you accept how much you love her to the point of the ridiculousness that you are willing to endure to call her in the most intimate way only little kids without bashfulness would be willing to call her &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we have indicated that there's a level of shyness when calling your Mom &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mamá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mami&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in spanish, there are some ways to shorten it to make it sound less personal: it meas that you love her as your Mom, but you are to shy to call her &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mamá&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and those forms are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Má&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Amá&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from teenager years to adult years most people(At Least in Mexico) would call their mothers this way or even will go to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mother&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, not because they don't love her as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Mom&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; but because of the embarrassment of people of using one of the most beautiful words in our language that is &lt;strong&gt;Mamá&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the sames goes for &lt;strong&gt;Papá&lt;/strong&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-08-15T14:27:45.137" LastActivityDate="2018-08-15T14:27:45.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27054" CreationDate="2018-08-14T16:54:52.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Formas de cortesía: XVIII - XIX &lt;sub&gt;(antes que el desarrollo de &lt;em&gt;&quot;por favor&quot;&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El capítulo 4 del trabajo &lt;a href=&quot;https://is.muni.cz/th/nyvac/Dizertacni_prace-finalni_verze.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cortesía verbal en el español del siglo XIX&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2016) (&lt;em&gt;Los actos de habla exhortativos&lt;/em&gt;) detalla este tema. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es bastante complejo, y qué formas se emplean depende tanto de la relación social entre los participantes como de la situación misma y el tipo de petición. Aquí se detallan los ejemplos que hay en esta sección (hay aún más en el apéndice: &lt;em&gt;Actos exhortativos:&lt;/em&gt; (p.184-195), y un resumen debajo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;4.1. El análisis de los actos exhortativos impositivos&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.1. El verbo &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; en una estructura interrogativa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;220&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Señora, ¿&lt;strong&gt;puede&lt;/strong&gt; usted explicarme lo que pasa? [Licenciado, 1869-II:&#xA;  31]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Podrá&lt;/strong&gt; usted evocarla y hacer que yo hable con ella? [Valera, 1878:&#xA;  78]    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;222&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Podrían&lt;/strong&gt; ustedes darme razón de una buena doncella y decirme al&#xA;  mismo tiempo si aquí se reciben avisos para burras de leche? [Luceño,&#xA;  1897: 13]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Y vos que todo lo sabéis, ¿&lt;strong&gt;podríais&lt;/strong&gt; explicarme por qué causa el señor&#xA;  Chambela y Conti se estiman tan poco? [Tamayo, 1852: 20]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;224&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tú, que lo sabes todo, ¿no &lt;strong&gt;podrías&lt;/strong&gt; decirme de qué medio me valdré&#xA;  para que mi amada sea mía (...)? [Valera, 1878: 61]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;225&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Podrá usted decirme, amigo mío, usted que há tanto tiempo conoce&#xA;  al Sr. D. Simplicio, de que le ha provenido ese ataque de locura?&#xA;  [Licenciado, 1869-II: 34]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.2. La declaración de deseo- verbos volitivos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;226&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deseo&lt;/strong&gt; que V.E. no envíe en el primer momento sino poca gente (...).&#xA;  [Demostración, 1808-1809: 106]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(...) pero antes de entrar en ella &lt;strong&gt;desearía&lt;/strong&gt;, que para mi gobierno me&#xA;  explicase Vd. con franqueza (...), que es lo que generalmente se dice del&#xA;  (...). [Diálogo, 1808: 1]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quisiera&lt;/strong&gt; que la ampliara V. con otra en que me explicara mejor su&#xA;  asunto (…). [Alarcón, 1891: 22]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;229&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Quiere&lt;/strong&gt; usté abrir á mi primo que baja? – Voy al momento. [Pastor,&#xA;  1887: 14]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Quiere&lt;/strong&gt; usted venir á dictarme al gabinete? – Voy en seguida (…).&#xA;  [Pastor, 1889: 13]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.3. Fórmulas rutinarias&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;231&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Hace usted el favor de&lt;/strong&gt; venir á tenerme la escalera? – En seguida, en seguida voy. [Escamilla, 1881: 14]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Tiene usted la bondad de&lt;/strong&gt; decirme si es falso este billete? [Luceño,&#xA;  1897: 13]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Señora, ¿&lt;strong&gt;hará usted el favor de&lt;/strong&gt; mandar que coloquen mi equipaje en&#xA;  la habitación que me destine usted? [Barrera, 1878: 14-15]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;234&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pues, &lt;strong&gt;hágame usted el favor&lt;/strong&gt;, Anita, &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; llevarlas al gabinete donde el amo tiene las otras. [Zamora, 1872: 6]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tened la bondad de&lt;/strong&gt; decirme por donde saldré más pronto á la calle.&#xA;  [Olona, 1850: 28]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacedme el obsequio de&lt;/strong&gt; entregar esta carta á su alteza. [Tamayo,&#xA;  1852: 66]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Oye, Inés, &lt;strong&gt;haz el favor de&lt;/strong&gt; ir a la cocina, y ayuda á la pobre Nicolasa.&#xA;  – Enseguida, mamá. [Vital, 1898: 29]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;238&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sírvase&lt;/strong&gt; V. dar cabida en su apreciable publicación al comunicado&#xA;  que antecede, (…). [La Idea-II, 1868: 2]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sírvase&lt;/strong&gt; V. poner un sobre a la adjunta. [Laverde, 1874]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.4. El verbo necesitar&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;240&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pero, ante todo, &lt;strong&gt;necesito&lt;/strong&gt; que me seques estas ropas. [Alarcón, 1993:130]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mañana hay baile. &lt;strong&gt;Necesito&lt;/strong&gt; unas flores con mucha frescura. [Tamayo, 1852: 49]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;…&lt;strong&gt;necesito&lt;/strong&gt; que te quedes. [Mota, 1888: 17]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.5. Verbos performativos&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;243&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suplico&lt;/strong&gt; á V.M. por segunda vez me espida mi licencia absoluta.&#xA;  [Narváez, 1837: 39]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Os &lt;strong&gt;ruego&lt;/strong&gt; que no deis ningún paso que pueda despertar sospechas. [Vega, 1848: 53]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Y ya que la ocasión se me presenta, &lt;strong&gt;pido&lt;/strong&gt; á Vds. su cooperación en el&#xA;  congreso para que el partido de las reformas acepte con lealtad la&#xA;  disminución de los gastos generales del Estado. [Galofre, 1868: 18]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;246&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Y aconséjame: te lo suplico. [Crosa, 1892: 13]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Habla, que yo te lo pido! [Larra, 1866: 53]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.6. Los tiempos verbales presente y futuro&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;248&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(…), el día que reciba V. esta, &lt;strong&gt;encargará&lt;/strong&gt; unas 20 libras de&#xA;  boquerones, (…), y lo &lt;strong&gt;mandará&lt;/strong&gt; freír procurando que no le engañen, y que&#xA;  todo esté bien fresco. [Alarcón, 1891: 16]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La persona que se hubiere encontrado (...) las &lt;strong&gt;entregará&lt;/strong&gt; á D. Lucas&#xA;  (...). [Constancia, 1852: 4]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En fin, Vd. &lt;strong&gt;tomará&lt;/strong&gt; sus informes y me &lt;strong&gt;contestará&lt;/strong&gt; su determinación,&#xA;  lo que le suplico. [Montemar, 1848: 22]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ya lo sabes; le &lt;strong&gt;dices&lt;/strong&gt; a mi marido que á comprar unas cosas hemos&#xA;  salido. [Luceño, 1897: 27]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Le adviertes que &lt;strong&gt;vendremos&lt;/strong&gt; á ultima hora. [Luceño, 1897: 27]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.7. Construcciones impersonales&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;253&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ahora &lt;strong&gt;es preciso&lt;/strong&gt; que te vayas… [Moreno, 1885: 8]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es forzoso&lt;/strong&gt; separarnos. [Larra, 1866: 92]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Es necesario&lt;/strong&gt; que hablemos. [Navarro, 1874: 20]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ciudadano Tiberio, &lt;strong&gt;la ley manda&lt;/strong&gt; que hables. [Montemar, 1848: 50]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ojalá&lt;/strong&gt; que Vd., Sr. Márquez, con la superioridad de su talento y fuerza de su palabra, nos revele nuevos misterios (...). [Muñoz, 1849: 34]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Que&lt;/strong&gt; no &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; le &lt;strong&gt;haga&lt;/strong&gt; ningún mal. [Tamayo, 1860: 70]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Que se&lt;/strong&gt; me &lt;strong&gt;pague&lt;/strong&gt; y me callaré (…). [Larra, 1859: 40]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.8. La fórmula de sugerencia&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;260&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;Por qué no&lt;/strong&gt; le habla usted? Quizás conseguirá más que yo. [Licenciado, 1869-II: 35]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pero ¿&lt;strong&gt;por qué no&lt;/strong&gt; sirves antes á nuestro convidado? [Larra, 1859: 23]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.9. La expresión de una condición&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;262&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Llevaríais hasta el colmo vuestros favores, &lt;strong&gt;si obtuviérais&lt;/strong&gt; para mí el mando de uno de los escuadrones que pasan á la isla de Cuba. [Mota, 1888: 11]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Muy Sr. mío: &lt;strong&gt;si creéis&lt;/strong&gt; conveniente el publicar en las columnas de&#xA;  vuestro ilustrado periódico el siguiente romance, os lo agradecerá vuestro&#xA;  afectísimo (…). [Jueves, 1874: 4]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.1.10. La sintaxis interrogativa positiva y negativa&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;264&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Al fin, &lt;strong&gt;¿no me dirás dónde fue?&lt;/strong&gt; [Bretón, 1832: 12]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es muy rico. &lt;strong&gt;¿Me da usted otro?&lt;/strong&gt; [Alba, 1853: 11]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;266&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sólo&lt;/strong&gt; te pido que hables lo menos posible de Orbajosa. [Galdós, 2006: 122]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Por de pronto &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; te pido &lt;strong&gt;más de una cosa.&lt;/strong&gt; [Morán, 1861: 24]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;268&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Desistid de tan desacordado empeño: os lo ruego &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; la memoria de&#xA;  mi madre. [Tamayo, 1852: 28] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¡Mamá, déjame ir! ¡Te lo pido &lt;strong&gt;por&lt;/strong&gt; la memoria de mi padre!&#xA;  [Alarcón, 1999: 164] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;270&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vamos&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;vamos&lt;/strong&gt;, es preciso que seas menos duro. [Montemar, 1848: 43]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oye&lt;/strong&gt;, quiero que me llames de tú como en otro tiempo. [Mota, 1888: 13]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ruego, &lt;strong&gt;pues&lt;/strong&gt;, con todo el respeto que debo, se hagan presentes á la&#xA;  Suprema Junta de Gobierno los que considero justos temores (...). [Carreño, 1808-1809: 86]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;273&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dolorcita&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿quiere usted darme esa mano para hacer un regalo? [Licenciado, 1869-II: 45]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿Podrá &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; decirme, &lt;strong&gt;amigo mío&lt;/strong&gt;, usted que há tanto tiempo conoce&#xA;  al Sr. D. Simplicio, de qué le ha provenido ese ataque de locura? [Licenciado, 1869-II: 34]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muy Sr. mío&lt;/strong&gt;, si creéis conveniente el publicar en las columnas de vuestro ilustrado periódico el siguiente romance, os lo agradecerá vuestro&#xA;  afectísimo (...). [Jueves: 1874: 4]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;4.2. El análisis de los actos exhortativos no impositivos&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.2.1. Expresiones performativas&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;276&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Muchas gracias, pero &lt;strong&gt;voy á darle un consejo&lt;/strong&gt; (…) … cásense ustedes&#xA;  como Dios manda. [Pastor, 1889: 23]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sí, señor: y le &lt;strong&gt;aconsejo&lt;/strong&gt; á usted que en estos momentos no entre, sería&#xA;  una imprudencia. [Crosa, 1892: 29]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Le &lt;strong&gt;recomiendo&lt;/strong&gt; a usted un libro extenso y verdaderamente magistral&#xA;  sobre D. Francisco de Quevedo que ha publicado en París un sobrino de Próspero Mérimée. [Menéndez y Pelayo, 1946: 271] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.2.2. Construcciones impersonales&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;279&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;(…) … pero &lt;strong&gt;mejor será&lt;/strong&gt; que salgamos á la calle, esta casa debe&#xA;  encerrar para usted recuerdos tristes. [Escamilla, 1881: 15]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preciso es&lt;/strong&gt; que usted descanse. [Rubí, 1849: 19]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mira, Pepe, sea por lo que fuese, Rafael te ha tomado antipatía, y se&#xA;  excita siempre que te siente a su lado. &lt;strong&gt;Conviene que&lt;/strong&gt; dejes de ir una temporadita por allá. [Galdós, 1894: 258]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.2.3. La sintaxis interrogativa con negación- fórmulas de sugerencia&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;282&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pero&lt;/strong&gt; tía &lt;strong&gt;¿no&lt;/strong&gt; se pone usted el sombrero**?** [Casta, 1864: 26]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pero ¿por qué no&lt;/strong&gt; dá usted parte á la policía**?** [Licenciado, 1869-II: 38]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.2.4. Expresiones doxásticas&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;284&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si de algo sirve mi consejo, &lt;strong&gt;creo que&lt;/strong&gt; debe usted marcharse y cuando&#xA;  pase algún tiempo, dentro de una semana o cosa así… [Crosa, 1892: 28]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;¿No te reñirá tu amo si te entretienes? &lt;strong&gt;Creo que&lt;/strong&gt; debes retirarte.&#xA;  [Galdós, 1884-II: 110]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;creo&lt;/strong&gt;, que para ir preparando el terreno, como antes dijimos, convendría que no te dieses á conocer de repente (…). - ¡Qué idea tan&#xA;  luminosa! [Bermejo, 1882: 34]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay esta tabla de resumen en el capítulo &lt;strong&gt;5: conclusión&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wJ8rA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wJ8rA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt; aunque tu fuente dice que la forma &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; se desarrolló en el final del siglo XIX, nota que ninguno de los ejemplos en el papel que menciono arriba incluyen esas palabras. La palabra escrita (en general) va un poco detrás del habla del vulgo. De hecho, según Google Ngram, &quot;por favor&quot; no empezó a lograr uso hasta los años 1920:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vHFhP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vHFhP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Formas de cortesía: el Siglo de Oro&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las formas utilizadas unos siglos antes en el Siglo de Oro son muy similares en forma (utilizando el imperativo, etc.) de los listados arriba, pero con sus propias complicaciones dada la evolución continua del pronombre &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; y sus implicaciones hasta que el desarrollo del moderno &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El articulo &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/aiso/pdf/06/aiso_6_2_033.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las formas nominales de tratamiento en el Siglo de Oro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Francisca Medina Morales) lista unos ejemplos de peticiones de cortesía de esta época:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Información adicional:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qYkuL5hrxP8C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los marcadores del discurso y la cortesía verbal en español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Elena Landone (2009)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=613769&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;«La cortesía verbal en el Siglo de Oro: los actos de habla directivos. Un estudio de pragmática histórica»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, María Cristobalina Moreno&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ceremonia y cortesía en la literatura del Siglo de Oro. Un estudio de las formas de tratamiento en español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T11:20:47.707" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T11:20:47.707" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27087" CreationDate="2018-08-14T18:47:32.950" Score="2" ViewCount="1912" Body="&lt;p&gt;He escuchado la palabra &lt;em&gt;chapuza&lt;/em&gt; y me ha llamado la atención. Quisiera saber cuál es su significado y su origen. ¿De dónde proviene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18907" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T10:32:28.707" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:46:29.867" Title="¿Qué significado tiene la palabra &quot;chapuza&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27086" CreationDate="2018-08-14T19:54:32.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario de la lengua española, tiene dos acepciones, más una que es propia sólo en México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8baa46k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chapuza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De chapuz&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Obra o trabajo, generalmente de mantenimiento, de poca importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Trabajo hecho mal y sin esmero.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Méx. estafa (‖ acción de estafar).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente sólo había oído la segunda (trabajo mal hecho).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí mismo dice que viene de la segunda entrada para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8baFHy9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapuz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que a su vez dice venir del francés antiguo &lt;em&gt;chapuis&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo significado sería &lt;em&gt;tajo para trabajar sobre él&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Wictionary en francés &amp;mdash;si hemos de darle crédito&amp;mdash;, &lt;em&gt;chapuis&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/chapuis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fr. antiguo significa&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;carpintero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;madera de carpintero&lt;/em&gt; y aparentemente viene en último término del latín &lt;em&gt;scapus/-i&lt;/em&gt; que significa &lt;em&gt;tronco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lat. &lt;em&gt;scapus&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;capo&lt;/em&gt; &gt; fr. ant. &lt;em&gt;chapon&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;chapouier&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;chapuis&lt;/em&gt; &gt; esp. &lt;em&gt;chapuz&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;chapuza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12621" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T10:46:29.867" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:46:29.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27065" CreationDate="2018-08-14T20:15:58.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's imagine that your birth mother's name is Gabi (short for Gabriela).  I would suggest &quot;Mamá Gabi.&quot;  This is inspired by the way many people in Mexico talk to and refer to their grandmothers.  For example, if your grandmother is called Lucía, it would be common to say &quot;Mamá Lucía.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a nice combination of respect, esteem, and intimacy, which doesn't introduce any confusion with your other important maternal relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When speaking of her to other people you can certainly refer to her with one of the formal terms already recommended, but if you would like something more informal and charming, I would suggest &quot;mi primera mamá.&quot;  This is what we use in my family, which includes an adoptee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Congratulations on making your connection!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T20:15:58.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27065" CreationDate="2018-08-16T10:18:58.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you call her just by her name, what is important is the tone you use to express the intention or feelings you want to show towards her...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T10:18:58.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27094" CreationDate="2018-08-16T14:02:09.280" Score="6" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From the math.stackexchange question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/843966/&quot;&gt;The homophonic group: a mathematical diversion&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By definition, English words have the same pronunciation if their phonetic spellings in the dictionary are the same. The homophonic group &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is generated by the letters of the alphabet, subject to the following relations: English words with the same pronunciation represent equal elements of the group. Thus &lt;em&gt;be=bee&lt;/em&gt;, and since &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a group, we can conclude that &lt;em&gt;e=1&lt;/em&gt; (why?). Try to determine the group &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;H&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an exercise from Michael Artin's Algebra on, well, abstract algebra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this exercise for the English language, words are equal if they are homophones, kind of like a formalisation of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/theydidtheshittymath/comments/7z5e61/sinxn6/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;joke that sin(x)/n=6&lt;/a&gt;. So in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;bee=be → This implies e=1 by cancellation of b and e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;buy=by → This implies u=1 by cancellation of b and y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;rase=raze → This implies s=z by cancellation of r, a and e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;canvass = canvas → This implies s=1 by cancellation of c,a,n,v,a and s. By canvass=canvas and rase=raze, we have s=z=1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually, all 26 English letters will equal 1. Apparently, this was done for &lt;a href=&quot;https://projecteuclid.org/download/pdf_1/euclid.em/1062620828&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;French&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www1.osu.cz/%7Ezusmanovich/topics.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Czech&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What then is the analagous group for Spanish? Equivalently, &lt;strong&gt;what Spanish letters won't equal 1?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19051" LastEditorUserId="19051" LastEditDate="2021-01-01T17:21:31.243" LastActivityDate="2021-01-01T17:21:31.243" Title="What is the Spanish Homophonic Group?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;alfabeto&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27090" CreationDate="2018-08-16T14:32:12.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may be easier to consider this in the reverse.  Which letters &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be 1?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's begin with the vowels:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A, E, O, and U can only be written as such, and are always pronounced (except for the &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; in the sequence &lt;em&gt;[gq][ue][iy]&lt;/em&gt;).  Removing any of them will change the pronunciation of the word.  While I next to another vowel and Y are indeed generally equivalent, they are always pronounced, and again removing them will alter the pronunciation.  In practice, it &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be possible to consider words like &lt;em&gt;cree&lt;/em&gt; to give E a score of 1, but in even minimally formal speech, each E is distinguished and thus &lt;em&gt;cree&lt;/em&gt; is distinct from &lt;em&gt;cre&lt;/em&gt;.  So no vowels can have a score of 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For consonants, we'd need to find sequences with equivalent pronunciations.  That would require a doubled letter or in someway finding letter sequences with equivalent pronunciations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only doubled consonants are &lt;em&gt;cc&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt;, each of which represent different sounds than an equivalently positioned &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;).  Imported words like &lt;em&gt;pizza&lt;/em&gt; may have special rules, but I'm not sure we can derive much from them, as there's no way to predict the rule that the reduced version would follow.  Thus C/L/N/R cannot score a 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only letter sequences with equivalent pronunciations in all dialects are B/V but since they are never found next to each other that doesn't change anything (and if they were, like with &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; they'd be split between syllables), and N/M and X/J in certain positions.  Dialectically, there are other possibilities (S/Z/C, LL/Y, D/Z, D/T, H/J, X/S, S/J) but they will all be beholden to the same issues and won't allow a score of 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;H &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be removed without varying the pronunciation in words in which it is not preceded by a C.  Thus it can score a 1.  Dialectically, an H and and a J could potentially have the same pronunciation, so in some areas, if I'm understanding the examples on the other page correctly, J could then equal 1 by extension of J=H, but if and only if those letters appear in separate distinct words.  But that requires relying on a specific dialect, and isn't generalizable.  But using that one and other dialects, we could maybe extend it to a few more letters, as sometimes S can sound like J, and thence to Z and C.  But I think that'd be the extent of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All other consonants will only appear once in words, with no phonetic substitution possible, and thus their removal necessitates scores distinct from 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:58:36.800" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:58:36.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27097" CreationDate="2018-08-16T16:49:13.547" Score="8" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excluding &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; (which represent distinct sounds) and &lt;em&gt;cc&lt;/em&gt; (which represents two different pronunciations of &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;), orthographic doubled consonants occur very infrequently in Spanish, only really appearing as &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; within words, and the occasional &lt;em&gt;-bv-&lt;/em&gt; or (usually Greek) loanword:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;obvención, obvio, subvención, subvenio, subvenir, subversión&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;commelináceo, emmental, gamma, hummus, ommiada, umma, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7LeavSL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cappa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4LiyHxO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atto-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NAOFDpb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;lessueste&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are doubled consonants geminated in Spanish? Or are they pronounced as if there were one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note: foreign loanwords/proper names which have been adapted into nouns/adjectives normally retain their original orthographies in spite of pronunciation: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Stcb7IC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picassiano&lt;/a&gt;, jazzista, jazzístico, pizzería, pizzero, prepizza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T17:24:30.140" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T21:19:17.153" Title="Are doubled consonants geminated in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27090" CreationDate="2018-08-16T18:15:20.377" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question may have different answers depending on a number of factors, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the dialect(s) of Spanish you consider&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;which words you include&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;which letters you consider distinct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how narrow a phonemic/phonetic transcription you use for equivalence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abusing a combination of interpretations of these rules, we may be able to get Spanish down to the trivial group &lt;strong&gt;{e}&lt;/strong&gt;, but let's see how far we can get with a minimal number of assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; all rules appendixed with &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt; duplicate other equivalences and aren't strictly necessary. The overlap is maintained here in case an earlier rule is disputed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;A. The Castilian Case&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Assumptions&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start off, let's assume:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;letters with diacritics are distinct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;only consider words which appear in the DLE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;only consider phonetic transcriptions or equivalent pronunciations described/implied by the RAE in its publications (DLE, DPD etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Relations&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it doesn't appear in the digraph &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; is silent. Thus, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;0. &lt;strong&gt;Silent letters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;ha = a  ⇒ h=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{a,á,b,c,d,e,é,f,g,[h,1],i,í,j,k,l,m,n,ñ,o,ó,p,q,r,s,t,u,ú,ü,v,w,x,y,z}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some letters are pronounced identically (in certain contexts), for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identical sounds&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;bote = vote ⇒ b=v&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;agito = ajito ⇒ g=j&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;encima = enzima ⇒ c=z&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cappa = kappa ⇒ c=k&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;samurái = samuray ⇒ i=y (1.6)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Diacritics&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cual=cuál ⇒ a=á&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;el=él ⇒ e=é&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;si=sí ⇒ i=í&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;como=cómo ⇒ o=ó&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tu=tú ⇒ u=ú&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],[b,v],[z,c,k],d,[e,é],f,[g,j],[h,1],[i,í,y],l,m,n,ñ,[o,ó],p,q,r,s,t,[u,ú],ü,w,x}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Old orthographies&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;quilo = kilo ⇒ qu=k ⇒ cu=k (3.1) ⇒ u=1 (1.4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;México = Méjico ⇒ x=j&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],[b,v],[z,c,k,qu],d,[e,é],f,[g,j,x],[h,1],[i,í,y],l,m,n,ñ,[o,ó],p,q,r,s,t,[u,ú],ü,w}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latinisms&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BhJCRBd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuórum&lt;/a&gt; = &lt;em&gt;quorum&lt;/em&gt; ⇒ c=q&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sub iudice&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sub+j%C3%BAdice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sub judice&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ i=j&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],[b,v],[z,c,k,q],d,[e,é],f,[g,x,j,i,í,y],[h,u,ú,1],l,m,n,ñ,[o,ó],p,r,s,t,ü,w}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unnativised orthographies&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;huincha = wincha ⇒ hu=w ⇒ u=w (0.1) ⇒ w=1 (2.1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;wolframio = volframio ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;w=v&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ v=1 (4.1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/detall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;detall&lt;/a&gt; = detal ⇒ ll=l ⇒ l=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sunní = suní ⇒ nn=n ⇒ n=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;judo = yudo ⇒ j=y &lt;code&gt;dup 1.5, 3.2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],[z,c,k,q],d,[e,é],f,[g,x,j,i,í,y],[l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,n,1],m,ñ,[o,ó],p,r,s,t,ü}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greek consonant clusters&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JGqMLNa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gneis&lt;/a&gt; = neis ⇒ gn=n ⇒ g=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;psicología&lt;/a&gt; = sicología ⇒ ps=s ⇒ p=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9VVKEw0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cneoráceo&lt;/a&gt; = neoráceo ⇒ cn=n ⇒ c=1 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mnemónica&lt;/a&gt; = nemónica ⇒ mn=n ⇒ m=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],d,[e,é],f,[z,c,k,q,p,m,g,x,j,i,í,y,l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,n,1],ñ,[o,ó],r,s,t,ü}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reduced consonant clusters (prefixes)&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;substancia = sustancia ⇒ subs=sus ⇒ b=1 &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;transalpino = trasalpino ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=trans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trans=tras&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ n=1 &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;consciencia = conciencia ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cons=con&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ s=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;postmoderno = posmoderno ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=post&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;post=pos&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ t=1 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],d,[e,é],f,[z,c,k,q,p,m,g,x,j,i,í,y,l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,t,n,1],ñ,[o,ó],r,s,ü}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alophones&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=MBepIDBpND6YZFRAkx#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huaca = guaca&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ hu=gu ⇒ h=g ⇒ g=1 (0.1) &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=MBepIDBpND6YZFRAkx#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huemul = güemul&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ hu=gü ⇒ hu=ü (5.1) ⇒ u=ü (0.1) ⇒ ü=1 (2.1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;excusa = escusa ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=x#2.c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;xc=sc&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ x=s&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;envasar = embasar ⇒ nv=mb ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;n=m&lt;/a&gt; (1.1) &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[a,á],d,[e,é],f,[z,c,k,q,p,m,g,x,s,j,i,í,y,l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,ü,t,n,1],ñ,[o,ó],r}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Synalepha&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QgqfUefvPD6i4U3kyJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contraalmirante = contralmirante&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ aa=a ⇒ a=1 &lt;sup&gt;(see also &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/bezaar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bezaar&lt;/a&gt; &gt; bezar etc)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{d,[e,é],f,[a,á,z,c,k,q,p,m,g,x,s,j,i,í,y,l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,ü,t,n,1],ñ,[o,ó],r}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with our initial conditions we can reduce the alphabet down to the free group on 6 generators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A:    {1,d,e,f,ñ,o,r}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;B. Crude loanwords and abbreviations/acronyms&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Including crude loanwords (those that appear in italics in the DLE) which have nativised doublets, we can gain a few more relations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Further loans&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sioux&lt;/em&gt; = siux ⇒ o=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;soufflé&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sufl%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suflé&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ ouf=u (9.1) ⇒ uf=u ⇒ f=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;toffee&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=tofe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tofe&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ fe=1 ⇒ e=1 (9.2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;caddie&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=cadi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cadi&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ caddi=cadi (9.3) ⇒ dd=d ⇒ d=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{[e,é,o,ó,f,a,á,z,c,k,q,p,m,g,x,s,j,i,í,y,l,h,b,v,w,u,ú,ü,t,n,d,1],ñ,r}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, finally we come to rr. First, the following lemma on hyphens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hyphens&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;fino-ugrio = finoúgrio &gt; -=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acronyms and abbreviations&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;CD-ROM = cederrón (10.1) ⇒ CDROM=cederrón ⇒ r=rr ⇒ r=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Letters&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;r = erre ⇒ r=rr ⇒ r=1 &lt;code&gt;dup 11.1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;c = ce ⇒ e=1 &lt;code&gt;dup 9.2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which leaves us with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A,B:    {1,ñ}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The free group on one generator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming a different dialect and relaxing our restriction on RAE-sanctioned pronunciations (i.e. including pronunciations it recognises, but admonishes as not belonging to 'habla culta'), we can reduce the group without relying on italicised loanwords or abbreviations (B):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;C. Andalusia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We revise our assumptions. Note the following changes only add further equivalences, and do not negate existing ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;...&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;&lt;em&gt;distinción&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;seda = ceda = zeda ⇒ s=c=z &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;s&gt;no &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/s&gt; &lt;em&gt;yeísmo&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;arrollo = arroyo ⇒ ll=y &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=d#2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elision of intervocal d&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cantador = cantaór ⇒ d=1 (1.6)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=r#4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elision of terminal r&lt;/a&gt; and d:&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;comer = &lt;code&gt;[ko'me]&lt;/code&gt; = comed ⇒ r=d ⇒ r=1 (12.3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We thus achieve the free group on 4 generators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A,C:    {1,e,f,ñ,o}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;D. South America&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the RAE proscribes pronouncing formal examples of hiatus as diphthongs in 'habla esmerada', it &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=hiato#4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;does note&lt;/a&gt; that this occurs even in educated speech in Mexico and other South American countries. Thus we might also assume the following equivalences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hiatus &gt; diphthong&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;noroeste = norueste ⇒ o=u &lt;sup&gt;(e.g. toalla &gt; [ˈtwaja])&lt;/sup&gt; ⇒ o=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;óleo = olio ⇒ i=e &lt;sup&gt;(e.g. beatitud &gt; [bʝatiˈtuð])&lt;/sup&gt; ⇒ e=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hypercorrection&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;buganvilla = buganvilia ⇒ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=ll#3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ll=li&lt;/a&gt; ⇒ l=i ⇒ l=1 &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus we could alternatively reduce the group to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A,D:    {1,d,f,ñ,r}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;E. Other alophones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As opposed to using italicised loanwords or a specific dialect, we could consider other alophonic equivalences not explicitly stated by the RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Further Alophones&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KsJ3yKB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;icnita&lt;/a&gt; = ignita ⇒ c=g &lt;sup&gt;(/k/ voiced approximant [ɣ] before a voiced consonant)&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;code&gt;dup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;yezgo = yedgo⇒ z=d &lt;sup&gt;(/θ/ voiced [ð] before a voiced consonant)&lt;/sup&gt; ⇒ d=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;zafra = &lt;code&gt;[ˈθavɾa]&lt;/code&gt; ~ &lt;code&gt;[ˈθaβɾa]&lt;/code&gt; = zabra ⇒ f=b &lt;sup&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcripci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_del_espa%C3%B1ol_con_el_AFI#cite_ref-f_9-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/f/ voiced [v]&lt;/a&gt; before a voiced consonant, [v] allophone of /b/) (e.g. afgano = [avˈgano])&lt;/sup&gt; ⇒ f=1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;desrabar = derrabar&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lingref.com/cpp/lasp/2/abstract1321.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/12999#files-area&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; (p.50)&lt;/sup&gt; ⇒ sr=rr ⇒ s=r ⇒ r=1 &lt;sup&gt;Elision of 's' in consonant cluster 'sr' and fricative realisation of 'r' i.e. 'r' &gt; 'rr' (fricative interpreted by native speakers as allophonic to trill, never to tap)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Note: the RAE itself claims &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=r#2.b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sr=srr&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would leave us with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A,E:    {1,e,o,ñ}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; if we assume a &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; dialect we must omit rule 14.2 since the voiced &lt;em&gt;seseo&lt;/em&gt; realisation of &lt;code&gt;/θ/&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;[z]&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;[ð]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Ñ&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The existence of the following pair:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21381/pronounce-and-distinguish-%C3%B1i-and-ni/21382#comment42659_21382&quot;&gt;pergeño&lt;/a&gt;, pergenio &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And given /n/ has a palatalized alophone [ɲ] (&quot;ñ&quot;) before palatals ([ʎ], [j], [ʝ], [dʒ]), makes it very tempting to try and find a way to reduce ñ to 1, but so far I haven't been able to find a convincing example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3876/exception-to-the-phonetic-rule&quot;&gt;Exception to the Phonetic Rule&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/456/guion-vs-gui%C3%B3n-are-there-other-words-which-could-be-written-in-multiple-wa&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Guion&amp;quot; vs &amp;quot;Gui&amp;#243;n&amp;quot; - Are there other words which could be written in multiple ways?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T10:06:37.920" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T10:06:37.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27096" CreationDate="2018-08-17T05:41:00.260" Score="3" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero saber si alguién ha oido &quot;de corto&quot; como modismo. Estoy leyendo &lt;em&gt;Cuando fui mortal&lt;/em&gt;, un libro por Javier Marias en el que un futbolista hace una famosa maniobra después de que marchita hasta la oscuridad. ¿Qué quiere decir &quot;de corto&quot;? &quot;Soon?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De  &lt;em&gt;Cuando fui mortal&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iba mejor vestido, con corbata y abrigo con el cuello subido, había&#xA;  visto más anuncios; fumó un cigarrillo en cada tiempo, delante de sus&#xA;  jefes y de las cámaras.&#xA;  ¿Cuándo te vemos otra vez &lt;strong&gt;de corto&lt;/strong&gt;, Kentucky? —le pregunté.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-08-17T17:42:50.503" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T17:42:50.503" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;de corto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27095" CreationDate="2018-08-17T07:02:45.827" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE nos lo explica en su entrada &lt;em&gt;corto&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B356ILe%7CB36eFH7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;corto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. curtus.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que tiene menor longitud de la normal o adecuada, o de la que tienen otras de su misma especie. &lt;em&gt;Las mangas de esta camisa son cortas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que tiene una determinada longitud. &lt;em&gt;Una barra más corta, menos corta, igual de corta que otra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.../...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de corto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. Con pantalones cortos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. Con vestido que no llega hasta los pies. &lt;em&gt;Aún iba vestida de corto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. adv. Con chaquetilla corta. &lt;em&gt;Iba vestido de corto y con sombrero cordobés.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, &lt;em&gt;de corto&lt;/em&gt; indica &lt;em&gt;con pantalones cortos&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, decir &lt;em&gt;¿cuándo te vemos otra vez de corto?&lt;/em&gt; es expresar &lt;em&gt;¿cuánto te vemos con pantalones cortos?&lt;/em&gt; Como los pantalones cortos son el atuendo de los futbolistas para jugar un partido, lo que se quiere decir es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo vuelves a jugar a fútbol?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la prensa deportiva decir &lt;em&gt;vestirse de corto&lt;/em&gt; es un recurso que se utiliza mucho para hacer referencia a &lt;em&gt;jugar&lt;/em&gt; a algún deporte, especialmente cuando se vuelve a hacer. Seguro que el escritor Javier Marías, futbolero y madridista confeso, la tiene muy presente. Velo en noticias como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Noticia de baloncesto: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/deportes/2001/10/02/actualidad/1002007312_850215.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jordan vuelve a vestirse de corto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una de fútbol: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marca.com/futbol/bundesliga/2018/05/13/5af87f7c22601dfc018b45af.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Matthäus se vuelve a vestir de corto con 57 años para jugar con su primer equipo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una sobre programas de radio sobre deportes: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/deportes/2016/09/09/actualidad/1473409742_216068.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;‘Carrusel’ y ‘El Larguero’ se visten de corto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-17T10:22:28.423" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T10:22:28.423" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27092" CreationDate="2018-08-17T12:00:44.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, not normally. Spanish phonology “almost never” geminates: duplicate adjacent vowels normally fuse, and duplicate adjacent consonants “don’t happen’ natively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a fully assimilated loanword like &lt;em&gt;pizza&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced /ˈpiθɑ/, without an affricate or geminate there at all. Only when treating that word as though it were still an unassimilated foreign one would it be pronounced as in Italian, /ˈpit.t͡sɑ/. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that’s really “hard” to say (=impossible) in Spanish phonology. You can’t have an unvoiced stop in the coda, so that will become muddled, swapped (e.g., /k/), fused, or just plain lost in natural speech. So you’ll be left with /ˈpisɑ/ again, which now sounds sufficiently &lt;em&gt;seseante&lt;/em&gt; to a speaker of Northern/Central/Standard Spanish that they’ll unconsciously flip over to /ˈpiθɑ/ without thinking of doing so as hypercorrection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, you can consider what happens in those few &lt;strong&gt;native words with doubled consonants&lt;/strong&gt;, which I believe occur only across morphemic boundaries. Take for example, &lt;em&gt;connotación&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;notación&lt;/em&gt;.  That one &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; geminate — in theory, at least in careful speech. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, doing so may take too much work in casual or rapid speech to be evident, much less be particularly obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="457" LastEditorUserId="457" LastEditDate="2018-08-17T12:22:51.893" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T12:22:51.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27100" CreationDate="2018-08-17T13:42:41.207" Score="5" ViewCount="4678" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Leyendo la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://ell.stackexchange.com/q/176128/3462&quot;&gt;What do you call the act of drinking a whole bottle of, say, water in one go?&lt;/a&gt; me ha surgido la duda para nuestro idioma...&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna palabra o expresión para designar el hecho de beber todo el contenido de un recipiente de golpe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;beberse todo el agua del vaso,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ingerir todo el contenido de una petaca,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;beber de un tirón una bota de vino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tomar de un trago&lt;/em&gt; parece la traducción más directa de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=chugging&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chugging&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra que más gente respalda para definir el concepto en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son más que bienvenidas las expresiones regionales para designar este mismo concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2021-04-12T15:13:40.830" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra para designar el acto de beber una botella o un recipiente entero de algún líquido?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27101" CreationDate="2018-08-17T20:23:27.517" Score="4" ViewCount="9287" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/baleares/2018/08/17/5b76739146163f10188b45d8.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El precio de trabajar en Magaluf&lt;/a&gt; de El Mundo habla sobre una trabajadora de servicio de limpieza de un hotel de la localidad de Calvià donde está el &lt;em&gt;resort&lt;/em&gt; de Magaluf y de las desdichas (o lo difícil y penoso) de su trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta &lt;strong&gt;kelly&lt;/strong&gt; va a tardar en olvidar lo que ha vivido en el trabajo ya que, a su entender, la gente que se hospeda en un hotel ubicado en Magaluf no se «comporta igual que en su casa».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VTvVD.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VTvVD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &amp;quot;kelly&amp;quot; se refiere a esta señorita que trabaja en el servicio de limpieza, pero no sé qué significa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;code&gt;kelly&lt;/code&gt; cuando se refiere a una persona&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Digo una persona porque veo que lo usan para referirse a una persona. No sé si tiene significados adicionales y/o distintos aplicado a otras cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:10:10.693" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;kelly&quot; (referido a una persona) en este artículo?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27098" CreationDate="2018-08-17T21:02:21.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo que cada región tiene sus propias variantes y que difícilmente encontraremos uno válido para todas las zonas, añado esta respuesta en modo Community Wiki para que entre todos añadamos las versiones que conozcamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Chile&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tomarse la botella al seco.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tomarse la botella/el vaso de un pencazo/de una.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Colombia / Argentina&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fondo blanco: tomarse el contenido de una botella sin detenerse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zamparse la botella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;España&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Matar, para indicar el acto de terminar entero el contenido restante de una botella o un vaso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beber de un trago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer un hidalgo&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene su origen en el reto &lt;em&gt;¡Hidalgo! ¡Hidalgo! ¡Hijo puta el que deje algo!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Andalucía oriental&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Beber a opla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;México&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chingarse la botella entera [vulgar]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tomarselo todo de un jalón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2021-04-12T15:13:40.830" LastActivityDate="2021-04-12T15:13:40.830" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2018-08-17T21:02:29.360" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27099" CreationDate="2018-08-17T21:10:31.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vas bien encaminado: &lt;em&gt;kelly&lt;/em&gt; es un neologismo coloquial para referirse a las camareras de piso, especialmente limpiadoras de habitaciones de hoteles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término ha cogido mucho vuelo últimamente, y así lo atestigua el hecho que la asociación que las agrupa y representa en los medios de comunicación se llame precisamente así: &lt;em&gt;Las Kellys&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su web explican en &lt;a href=&quot;https://laskellys.wordpress.com/quienes-somos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiénes somos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las Kellys es una Asociación a nivel español de camareras de piso (lee el manifiesto). El nombre “Las Kellys” proviene de un popular juego de palabras: “la Kelly, la que limpia”; en nuestro caso limpiamos hoteles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;em&gt;kelly = &lt;strong&gt;que li&lt;/strong&gt;mpia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España están muy presentes en las noticias, especialmente alrededor del verano. Esto es porque su trabajo de limpiar habitaciones de hoteles es muy común en este país con tanto turismo. Dada la crisis y desempleo del país, es fácil ver que sus condiciones laborales y de precariedad son altas, por lo que suelen reivindicar mejoras salariales, de conciliación, etc. De ahí que su nombre &lt;em&gt;las que limpian&lt;/em&gt; tenga esa fuerza de introducir de forma algo humorística su rol: &quot;son esas personas invisibles que limpian para que el turista tenga todo bonito, sin que a nadie le importe quiénes son y en qué condiciones limpian&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T08:10:10.693" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:10:10.693" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27098" CreationDate="2018-08-18T14:01:18.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si existe el verbo exacto que quieres. Pero si necesitas usar una única palabra, puedes decir “&lt;strong&gt;vaciar&lt;/strong&gt; la botella” y dejar que el contexto deje claro que se vacía bebiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1837" LastActivityDate="2018-08-18T14:01:18.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27106" CreationDate="2018-08-18T14:04:59.600" Score="0" ViewCount="426" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencias hay en el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt; en estas dos oraciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se pasa&lt;/strong&gt; una mano por la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pasa&lt;/strong&gt; una mano por la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T08:04:39.843" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:05:38.037" Title="¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;pasarse&quot; y &quot;pasar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14993" CreationDate="2018-08-18T15:33:06.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El señor Gómez, un viejo saxofonista, pedía queso, cancha, kiwi y habas. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El viejo saxofonista del ceño fruncido se sentó a la mesa y le pidió al mozo un sándwich de queso, un gajo de naranja, un kiwi y un cuarto de kilo de habas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20000" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T07:40:38.093" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T07:40:38.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-18T15:46:07.117" Score="1" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;No comprendo muy bien qué significan los dos «ya» aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deambulaba por todas partes, sin saber &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; muy bien en qué aldeas había estado y en cuáles no. A menudo, al aproximarme a algún pueblo, oía a los niños gritar: —¡&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; está aquí el bostezón!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué función hacen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T08:06:23.137" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:08:11.793" Title="¿Qué significados tiene «ya» al decir &quot;deambulaba sin saber *ya* muy bien...&quot; y &quot;¡*ya* está aquí!&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27103" CreationDate="2018-08-18T15:54:14.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se pasa una mano por la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se trata de una construcción reflexiva: el sujeto recibe la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasa una mano por la frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un imperativo: el sujeto no necesita recibir la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T08:05:38.037" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:05:38.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27108" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-18T17:18:07.117" Score="1" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una vez me encontré con un anciano sollozando, sentado en al borde de&#xA;  un campo con la cara tumefacta y amoratada, &lt;strong&gt;totalmente alterado por la&#xA;  tristeza&lt;/strong&gt; que llevaba dentro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé qué le había alterado por la tristeza / No sé en qué era lo que le había alterado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O, “alterado” = “inquietado”? No es “cambiado”?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor explicámelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="19999" LastEditDate="2018-08-19T03:22:40.050" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T19:29:21.810" Title="La explicación del “alterado”" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27105" CreationDate="2018-08-18T20:27:41.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deambulaba por todas partes, sin saber &lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt; muy bien en qué aldeas había estado y en cuáles no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here it means &quot;anymore&quot;: Without knowing it well anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A menudo, al aproximarme a algún pueblo, oía a los niños gritar: —¡&lt;strong&gt;Ya&lt;/strong&gt; está aquí el bostezón!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, 'ya' means already: The yawning is here already&#xA;In the sense of &quot;here it goes&quot;, &quot;it's here &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T08:08:11.793" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:08:11.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3612" CreationDate="2018-08-19T03:19:10.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;en el norte se usa para referirse a alguien muy &quot;picudo&quot;, afrentoso, insultante... Cuando a alguien se le dice &quot;sácale punta&quot; generalmente se le está menospreciando o subestimando porque se entiende que la persona alardea de más y al final le bajan los sumos... &quot;andaba muy sácale-punta y lo corrieron a chingazos&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20004" LastActivityDate="2018-08-19T03:19:10.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27111" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27113" CreationDate="2018-08-19T13:38:39.953" Score="8" ViewCount="2632" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &quot;cerebro&quot; and &quot;seso&quot;? Also, when would you use one over the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a quick Google search I see that &lt;strong&gt;seso&lt;/strong&gt; refers to the flesh of the brain and &lt;strong&gt;cerebro&lt;/strong&gt; refers to the organ. However, I'm still confused because &lt;strong&gt;brain&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;flesh of the brain&lt;/strong&gt; is the same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These examples taken from spanishdict.com don't show any differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sé que puedes resolver el problema; nada más usa tu &lt;strong&gt;cerebro&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;sub&gt;I know you can solve the problem; just use your brain.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tienes que usar el &lt;strong&gt;seso&lt;/strong&gt; si quieres resolver esta situación. &lt;sub&gt;You need to use your brains if you want to resolve this situation.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-10T03:06:25.413" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T03:28:03.383" Title="What is the difference between &quot;cerebro&quot; and &quot;seso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27111" CreationDate="2018-08-19T15:51:31.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los científicos estudian el cerebro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia dice para &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xj4HL1y%7CXj8QRsT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;seso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cerebro (‖ centro nervioso del encéfalo). [brain]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seso  &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Masa de tejido nervioso contenida en la cavidad del cráneo&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;quot; U. m. en pl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seso, &lt;strong&gt;brain tissue&lt;/strong&gt; (mass)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, se comen sesos de cordero (lamb brains), y no cerebro de cordero, en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, &amp;quot;use your brains&amp;quot; es una expresión idiomática que quiere decir &lt;em&gt;pensar un poco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;usar la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;. Ni seso ni cerebro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T13:20:31.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27111" CreationDate="2018-08-19T22:04:27.767" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference in meaning is strictly as you've found: &lt;em&gt;cerebro&lt;/em&gt; is the organ and &lt;em&gt;seso&lt;/em&gt; is the tissue it's made of. But then you have figurative meanings and things get complicated fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cerebro&lt;/em&gt; is mostly a countable noun, i.e. you say &lt;em&gt;un cerebro, dos cerebros&lt;/em&gt;, etc. If you have a collection of preserved brains in jars, you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo una colección de cerebros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Figuratively you can use &lt;em&gt;cerebros&lt;/em&gt; to mean &quot;minds&quot; in the sense of &quot;thinking people&quot;, so you can say e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los cerebros de la operación fueron Alice y Bob.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &quot;the minds of (=behind) the operation were Alice and Bob&quot;. This is more or less a fixed phrase or idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;em&gt;cerebro&lt;/em&gt; as a mass noun, but that's not really common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Seso&lt;/em&gt; works both as a countable and a mass noun. If you go to a butcher's and you want brains, you ask for &lt;em&gt;sesos&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;cerebros&lt;/em&gt;. You'd say e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero un kilo de sesos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &quot;I want a kilogram of brains&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people would use &lt;em&gt;seso&lt;/em&gt; as a mass noun in this meaning (&lt;em&gt;Quiero un kilo de seso.&lt;/em&gt;) That's OK too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone comits suicide by blowing his brains out, you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se voló la tapa de los sesos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning literally &quot;He blew off the lid of his brains&quot; (this is also a fixed phrase). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;seso&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cerebro&lt;/em&gt; can figuratively mean &quot;intellectual power&quot;, but for the meaning intended in &quot;use your brains&quot;, you would only use either &lt;em&gt;el cerebro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;. There are some idioms that employ this meaning, though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener poco seso&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be dumb, to be unthinking&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sesudo&lt;/em&gt; is an adjective meaning &quot;sensible&quot; or &quot;wise&quot;, but also &quot;cerebral (as in an academic paper)&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the English word &lt;em&gt;cerebral&lt;/em&gt; is not easily translatable in Spanish. The Spanish word &lt;em&gt;cerebral&lt;/em&gt; only means &quot;of or related to the brain&quot; (though some of the English meaning has crept up on it lately). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T13:22:00.317" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T13:22:00.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27115" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-20T08:15:56.080" Score="2" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ZNs7ye&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; para designar al &quot;automóvil destinado al transporte de personas y con capacidad no superior a siete plazas&quot;. En América se usan otras voces como &lt;em&gt;auto&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;carro&lt;/em&gt; según el país, pero centrémonos en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt; deriva del húngaro &lt;em&gt;kocsi&lt;/em&gt; 'carruaje', y se viene usando desde el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Haré que me pongan a punto un lindo coche en que me passee, y los caballos que me tirarán, blancos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lope de Rueda, &quot;Comedia llamada Medora&quot;, 1545 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su definición, según el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, era:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carro cubierto y adornado, de quatro ruedas, que le tiran cavallos o mulas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo normal es que estos coches se ocuparan por dos o cuatro personas, según el tipo de coche. Se entiende la analogía de estos coches con los actuales. Sin embargo, veo que la definición de coche como &quot;carruaje de cuatro ruedas, con una caja, dentro de la cual hay asiento para dos o más personas&quot; es la que prevalece en el DLE hasta su edición de 1970. De hecho fue en su suplemento cuando se añadió la nota &quot;de tracción animal o automóvil&quot;, y en la edición de 1984 esta adición ya está integrada en la definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo pensaba que siempre se había usado &quot;coche&quot; para los automóviles. Sin embargo, leo en un reglamento de 1900:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bajo el nombre de coche automóvil, ó simplemente automóvil, se comprenden todos los carruajes movidos por fuerza mecánica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De aquí se entiende que para distinguir a los coches tirados por caballos de los de tracción mecánica, a estos se les llamaba &quot;automóviles&quot;. De hecho, la definición de &lt;em&gt;automóvil&lt;/em&gt; sí aparece en el DLE bastante antes, en el suplemento de la edición de 1899:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que se mueve por sí mismo. Aplícase principalmente a los carruajes que tienen un mecanismo que los pone en movimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo entonces que en España se usó &lt;em&gt;automóvil&lt;/em&gt; desde principios del siglo XX para los coches de tracción mecánica, y que en algún momento prevaleció el uso de &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt; simplemente, una vez que los coches de tracción animal empezaron a caer en desuso. ¿Cómo fue exactamente esta evolución? ¿Cuándo empezó en España a usarse el término &lt;em&gt;coche&lt;/em&gt; para los automóviles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T08:15:56.080" Title="Evolución del uso de &quot;coche&quot; en España durante el siglo XX" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27116" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Panamá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the variety of Spanish spoken in Panama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27117" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre regionalismos y otras particularidades del español que se habla en Panamá // Questions about regionalisms and other peculiarities of the Spanish spoken in Panama." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T10:09:20.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27119" CreationDate="2018-08-20T10:41:29.940" Score="3" ViewCount="5413" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en un artículo de Mario Vargas Llosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Defender el derecho de la mujer de decidir cuántos hijos quiere (y puede) tener es fundamental para garantizar la igualdad de géneros, y dar a las mujeres la independencia y los recursos de organizar su vida de acuerdo a su propio criterio, sin verse obligada por las circunstancias, como ha ocurrido y sigue ocurriendo todavía en gran parte del mundo, a ser sólo &lt;strong&gt;un ser ancilar&lt;/strong&gt;, destinado a la procreación y al cuidado de la progenie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/08/17/opinion/1534520449_086262.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Defensa de la vida?&lt;/a&gt;, Mario Vargas Llosa. 19 agosto de 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como nunca había oído &lt;em&gt;ancilar&lt;/em&gt;, me fui al DLE en busca de respuestas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2XsrTk3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ancilar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. ancillāris.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Referente a la &lt;strong&gt;ancila&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. en sent. fig.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2XsgTaS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ancila&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;Del lat. ancilla.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;f. p. us. Sierva, esclava, criada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición no aclara mucho, pero entre esto y el contexto creo fácil entender que con lo de &lt;em&gt;un ser ancilar&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a que la mujer sea una persona-objeto, alguien a merced de la voluntad de los otros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precisamente en la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://cuidaesalengua.blogspot.com/2007/05/ancilar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ancilar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del blog &lt;em&gt;¡Cuida esa lengua!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; hablan de ella, compartiendo mi sorpresa ante el descubrimiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El sustantivo no parece tener muchas aplicaciones hoy en día, cuando no hay esclavas y las criadas, si las hay, reciben otros nombres, pero el adjetivo &quot;ancilar&quot; me parece una bonita forma de decir &quot;auxiliar&quot; o &quot;subordinado&quot;. Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.es/search?hl=es&amp;amp;q=ancilar&amp;amp;btnG=Buscar%20con%20Google&amp;amp;meta=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;he visto en Google&lt;/a&gt;, es el uso que le dan los pocos que introducen la palabra en sus escritos. Hay veces en las que puede venir bien darle el cariz de esclavitud a una relación de subordinación, como al hablar de los anuncios que deberían someterse al programa televisivo (y no tener la misma duración).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con la excepción de esta breve búsqueda en Google, nunca había visto la palabra castellana en su hábitat natural. La he descubierto a través del inglés &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=ancillary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ancillary&lt;/a&gt;, que viene a tener el mismo significado pero que además parece poder usarse también como sustantivo, para referirse por ejemplo a los cachivaches que se usan como apoyo en una clase, como un proyector o una presentación PowerPoint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, sigo con la duda: ¿dónde y con qué frecuencia se usa? ¿Se utiliza más por ejemplo en Perú, que es el país de origen de Vargas Llosa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Parece que después de un par de migraciones, ahora ese blog está en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alsurdelafrontera.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Al sur de la frontera&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T13:05:00.447" Title="¿Qué es &quot;ancilar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27118" CreationDate="2018-08-20T15:03:42.227" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ancilar&lt;/em&gt; significa subordinado, siervo. Es un término culto, como también lo es su homólogo inglés, &lt;em&gt;ancillary&lt;/em&gt;. Ambos están tomados directamente del latín, como cultismo (no a través de la evolución natural). Es igualmente infrecuente en todos los países de habla hispana, es decir, no es un peruanismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La usamos con cierta frecuencia en filosofía, física y matemáticas para denotar objetos auxiliares, &quot;anclados&quot;, dependientes de un objeto principal, pero en muchos casos como calco del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="507" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T15:03:42.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27121" CreationDate="2018-08-21T11:21:37.550" Score="1" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_fiesta_del_Chivo_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La fiesta del Chivo&lt;/a&gt; (2000), de Mario Vargas Llosa, este fragmento. Situémonos en República Dominicana, años 1960.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Balaguer lo decía en sus memorias: Trujillo se puso blanco, vibró de indignación. Ordenó que se cancelara el desfile militar y la juramentación de Ramfis como jefe del Estado Mayor Conjunto. Y, antes de partir, cogió una copa e hizo un brindis qu equería ser una bofetada simbólica al &lt;strong&gt;badulaque&lt;/strong&gt; (la borrachera le impediría enterarse): «Brindo por el trabajo, lo único que traerá prosperidad a la República».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para dar contexto, creo bueno explicar que se trata de un momento en el que se narra cómo el dictador de República Dominicana, Leónidcas Trujillo, actuó ante el comportamiento de su hijo Ramfis cuando este volvía de Estados Unidos. Había ido para cursar una titulación del ejército, pero fue expulsado. Para maquillar el fracaso, su padre decidió recibirlo con toda la plana mayor del ejército y condecorarlo. Sin embargo, cuando Ramfis salió del avión se vio que borracho y se acabó suspendiendo el acto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto para traer a colación la palabra &lt;em&gt;badulaque&lt;/em&gt;. Resulta que en España la usamos coloquialmente para nombrar a esas tiendas que abren muchas horas, venden comida y normalmente regentadas por inmigrantes asiáticos (paquistaníes en concreto). Sin embargo, en este contexto veo que Vargas Llosa lo utiliza con sentido despectivo, algo así como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;holgazán&lt;/em&gt;, que no encuentro en el DAMER. Allí se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=badulaque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;badulaque&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  sust/adj. Pe, Bo. Persona que está ociosa voluntariamente. pop + cult → espon ^ desp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  m. pl. Ho; Ve, desp. Enseres personales de escaso valor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  m. Ho. p.u. Cosa inservible o de escaso valor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;III.  1.  m-f. Ch, Py. Persona de conducta bellaca, canalla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  adj/sust. Py. Referido a persona, pícara, sinvergüenza. pop + cult → espon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IV.   1.  sust/adj. Ec. p.u. Persona que cumple tardíamente o no cumple nunca lo que promete. pop + cult → espon ^ desp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez la entrada III podría encajar, pero veo que en ningún caso se relaciona con República Dominicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué uso tiene &lt;em&gt;badulaque&lt;/em&gt; en República Dominicana? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T13:41:46.023" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;badulaque&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27120" CreationDate="2018-08-21T12:49:11.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque el texto esté ambientado en la República Dominicana de la década de los 60, fue escrito en el año 2000 por un peruano que por entonces llevaba como unos treinta años viviendo en España. Así que veo más lógico darle a la palabra el sentido que aplica en España:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4llJVEa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;badulaque&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona necia, inconsistente. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para darle más profundidad a esta definición, indicar que la palabra viene ya recogida en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611 (como &quot;badvlaqve&quot;), aunque la definición del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1726) es mucho más esclarecedora (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BADULAQUE. s.m. Guisado de carne menúda, dividida y cortada en pedazos pequeños, y con el caldo espesso, el qual se compone de livianos y bofes, como lo que comunmente se llama chanfaina.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  BADULAQUE. Metaphoricamente, y por alusión al guisado, que es de poca substancia, se llama &lt;strong&gt;el que es medio bobo, de poca ò ninguna actividad y maña, inutil, y de ningun provecho&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se encuentran casos de este uso metafórico del término desde el siglo XVII (año 1640 según Corominas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, buscando en el CORDE casos de &lt;em&gt;badulaque&lt;/em&gt; y eliminando los casos de España, aún se encuentran muchos en el resto de países de habla hispana. Por ejemplo, el propio Vargas Llosa escribía antes de salir de su Perú natal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—No sé qué pensar, flaco —se había puesto serio, Zavalita, había agravado la voz—. Pasas de un extremo a otro, es difícil entenderte. Mira, creo que preferiría que terminaras de comunista antes que de borrachín y de badulaque.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mario Vargas Llosa, &quot;Conversación en la catedral&quot;, 1969 (Perú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ningún caso concreto en la República Dominicana, pero sí en Cuba que está cerquita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hoy que en su contra con placer se afana&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Hasta el pobre y mezquino badulaque,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo que indigno lo juzgo de un reproche&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Le bendigo y le canto a troche y moche.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Cucalambé (Juan Cristóbal Nápoles Fajardo), &quot;Poesías completas&quot;, 1840-a1862 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-21T13:41:46.023" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T13:41:46.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27122" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-21T13:26:05.567" Score="5" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just learning Spanish from Duolingo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oíste los pajaros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can it be used in informal spoken conversations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20013" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T23:29:34.717" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T17:11:51.253" Title="Why do we need a &quot;a&quot; in &quot;Oíste a los pajaros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27122" CreationDate="2018-08-21T13:48:45.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oír&lt;/em&gt; takes an object; however, you can also use it with a preposition: &lt;em&gt;oí &lt;strong&gt;una charla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; &lt;em&gt;oyó &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la profesora&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't confirm whether this is a rule or not, but you can use &lt;em&gt;oir&lt;/em&gt; with no preposition when you refer to things; use &lt;em&gt;oir&lt;/em&gt; + preposition when you refer to people or living things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Oíste a los pájaros?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Oíste los pájaros? (This sounds rather odd to my ears.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Oíste la conversación?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Oíste a la conversación? (Odd as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T13:48:45.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27122" CreationDate="2018-08-21T14:02:19.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That depends on whether the object is direct or indirect. Imagine you are camping in the middle of the forest, you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anoche oí un lobo a lo lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Anoche oí lobos a lo lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; preposition because in this case &lt;em&gt;un lobo&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;lobos&lt;/em&gt;) is the direct object of the sentence. But you could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anoche oí aullar a un lobo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then &lt;em&gt;aullar&lt;/em&gt; would be the direct object (what you hear) and &lt;em&gt;a un lobo&lt;/em&gt; the indirect object (who produces the sound that you hear). You can't omit the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; in this case as every indirect object needs it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Oíste a los pájaros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;em&gt;a los pájaros&lt;/em&gt; would be an indirect object while the direct object (the sound that you are actually hearing) is omitted. It could be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Oíste piar a los pájaros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, the Spanish grammar says that when the direct object is omitted in this kind of sentences, the indirect object (the birds here) works as direct object, but the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; is still needed, although this time it's because when the direct object is a person (or a given subset of animals, as guifa points out &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27122/why-do-we-need-a-a-in-o%C3%ADste-a-los-pajaros#comment45532_27123&quot;&gt;in his comment&lt;/a&gt;), it needs the preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy oyendo pájaros fuera de la ventana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you don't need to use the personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. Note that the difference between this sentence and your example is that in the former the speaker knows about the referred birds, but in the latter the birds are something unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-21T14:19:39.523" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T14:19:39.523" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27129" CreationDate="2018-08-21T15:50:19.770" Score="4" ViewCount="4742" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El autor &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; acaba de llegar de Francia firmó muchos libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El hombre &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; sale del banco ahora lleva una maleta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría cambiar &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; en 1 y &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; por &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; en 2?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si no, ¿por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-08-21T18:47:38.397" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T20:38:30.010" Title="Diferencia entre “que” y “quien”" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27125" CreationDate="2018-08-21T16:00:00.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=diccionario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario&lt;/a&gt; de la Real Academia Española dice para los usos pertinentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpfJQop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. quem, acus. de qui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede escribirse con acento en acep. 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. relat. m. y f. El que, el cual o que. U. con antecedente referido a personas. Este es el escritor &lt;strong&gt;de quien&lt;/strong&gt; te hablé. U. &lt;strong&gt;sin preposición solo encabeza oraciones explicativas.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;El escritor invitado, quien trató ampliamente esa cuestión, es un especialista en la materia.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. relat. m. y f. El que o aquel que. U. sin antecedente expreso referido a personas. No dejes entrar a quienes lleguen tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. relat. m. y f. Alguien que o nadie que. U. sin antecedente expreso generalmente con los verbos tener y haber. ¿Hay quien dé más? No hay quien pueda con él. U. m. en sing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quien más quien menos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. pronom. Unos más y otros menos. En estos días quien más quien menos se siente abrumado por el trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QUE&#xA;  1. pron. relat. m., f. y n. &lt;strong&gt;Introduce una oración relativa y refiere a un antecedente expreso, generalmente nominal&lt;/strong&gt;. Se pondrá los vestidos que tú elijas. Ella, que finalmente no vino, tenía un compromiso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase: El autor quien acaba de llegar de Francia firmó muchos libros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no está correcta, porque no encabeza un oración explicativa. Tendría que ser: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El autor que acaba de llegar de Francia firmó muchos libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí &lt;strong&gt;quien&lt;/strong&gt; encabeza una oración explicativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El autor, quien vi en la calle, firmó muchos libros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T06:30:13.377" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T06:30:13.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27125" CreationDate="2018-08-21T20:56:01.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta es &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; en ambos casos. La oración número 1 es gramaticalmente incorrecta. La número 2 es correcta y se volvería incorrecta si cambiases &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón es que &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; no puede usarse como pronombre relativo para comenzar una frase subordinada de esta clase. Si hay un sustantivo o una frase nominal (como &lt;em&gt;el autor&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el hombre&lt;/em&gt;) entonces &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; sólo puede usarse para introducir una frase subordinada explicativa. Este tipo de frase se pronuncia con una pausa en el habla, y en la escritura se separa con comas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El autor, quien acaba de llegar de Francia, firmó muchos libros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que indica que una frase subordinada es explicativa es que puedes borrarla (quitarla totalmente) y lo que queda sigue significando lo mismo, menos la aclaración, explicación o detalle que introducías con la subordinada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El autor firmó muchos libros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, una frase subordinada con &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; puede ser explicativa o no. Si es explicativa, funciona igual que con &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El autor, que acaba de llegar de Francia, firmó muchos libros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no es explicativa, en cambio, funciona de manera parecida a un demostrativo o adjetivo calificativo, definiendo el sujeto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El autor que acaba de llegar de Francia firmó muchos libros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, la frase &lt;em&gt;que acaba de llegar de Francia&lt;/em&gt; no es un detalle que puedas borrar, sino lo que le comunica al oyente a qué autor te refieres: es &lt;em&gt;el que acaba de llegar de Francia&lt;/em&gt; y no otro autor cualquiera. Es un detalle que define, igual que si dijeras &lt;em&gt;el autor de Game of Thrones&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;el autor más vendido del mundo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quien&lt;/em&gt; sí se puede usar en subordinadas no explicativas si va precedido de una preposición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El autor a quien vi en el avión firmó muchos libros.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hombre de quien me hablaste estaba en la librería.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El castellano, como ves, no funciona en este caso como el inglés (donde siempre puedes usar &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; para las subordinadas que se refieren a personas) ni como el francés (donde debes usar &lt;em&gt;qui&lt;/em&gt; en las subordinadas que se refieran a personas y &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en las otras) ni como el alemán (donde no hay diferencia clara entre las subordinadas explicativas y no explicativas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T20:56:01.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-21T21:30:43.427" Score="5" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just wondering because I have seen streets named Via Roja and Via Rojo or Calle Blanco and Calle Blanca. Via and Calle are both feminine nouns so you would think Via Roja and Calle Blanca would be correct, but the masculine is used quite often in street names. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For examples, I have searched on Google Maps and there are streets named Via Rojo in California and Texas. There is a Calle Rojo in Tembleque, Spain and a couple in California. Calle Blanco in Puerto de la Cruz, Spain, a few in Mexico and California.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here a some links to pictures of the road signs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/maps/@34.4484601,-119.7484376,3a,64.8y,280.1h,72.42t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1slpN-tRXw60bujW7dOPLK9g!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?shorturl=1,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4E83e.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/maps/@24.0545753,-110.2886923,3a,30.7y,81.7h,86.34t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sMhmmh8SW0G27iM21HpLb_g!2e0!7i13312!8i6656,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wvrlu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/maps/@39.6954806,-3.5066307,3a,75y,214.92h,90.85t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sdlze4thr4KTSuXQQ_BaOIA!2e0!7i13312!8i6656,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EBaFM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/maps/@28.4147669,-16.5502933,3a,22.7y,231.26h,99.58t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sbmTNDkBFpl486dphfXW5YA!2e0!7i13312!8i6656&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MTgsm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20015" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T08:52:11.347" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T11:18:06.860" Title="Do Spanish street names not follow grammatical gender rules?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27130" CreationDate="2018-08-21T23:43:04.200" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that many streets are named after people.  Sometimes names coincide with adjectives.  For example, you might have the &lt;em&gt;Calle de Javier Rojo Gutiérrez&lt;/em&gt;.  Over time, people call it &lt;em&gt;Calle Javier Rojo Gutiérrez&lt;/em&gt; by juxtaposition, and eventually &lt;em&gt;Calle Rojo Gutiérrez&lt;/em&gt; removing the first name, and then just &lt;em&gt;Calle Rojo&lt;/em&gt; by getting rid of the second last name.  But seeing the progression, it becomes obvious that this is just a last name, and not intended to be a color (and in fact both &lt;em&gt;Rojo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Blanco&lt;/em&gt; are indeed last names).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't just happen with street names.  In New Mexico, there is a city called &lt;em&gt;Los Lunas&lt;/em&gt;, which likewise seems incorrect, but in Spanish, when talking about a family, you just place &quot;los&quot; in front of it (hence &quot;Los Simpson&quot;).  It just happens that there was a family named &lt;em&gt;Lunas&lt;/em&gt;, and so the city ended up being called &lt;em&gt;Los Lunas&lt;/em&gt; after the family, and not the celestial object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-08-21T23:43:04.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27136" CreationDate="2018-08-22T01:49:30.047" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo algunas preguntas del sitio, cierta vez solicitó alguien la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1765/difference-between-oreja-and-o%C3%ADdo&quot;&gt;distinción entre oído y oreja&lt;/a&gt;. Entre los comentarios se destacaba que &lt;em&gt;Oreja&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia al sentido de la audición, lo que me llamó la atención pues nunca lo había escuchado de esa forma. Si bien el mapa de diccionarios ya lo incluye como oído o la acción de oír en 1780, en 1884 se tiene como significado oído, para un siglo después (1992) redefinirlo como sentido de la audición hasta hoy. No sé si es un localismo ibérico o una forma que se encuentra en desuso, pero ¿Se usa ese significado en la actualidad? ¿De qué forma se usa o se usó? (Una frase del estilo 'sentido de la oreja'... la verdad no me suena)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T07:12:28.733" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T08:10:38.400" Title="¿Se usa o ha usado en algún momento &quot;oreja&quot; para referirse al sentido de la audición?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27151" CreationDate="2018-08-22T02:30:09.953" Score="2" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=podrir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la RAE&lt;/a&gt; en España es de uso actual el verbo &lt;em&gt;pudrir&lt;/em&gt; con U, siendo en América coexistentes las formas &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pudrir&lt;/em&gt;. Además ambas son existentes desde tiempo atrás (desde el español medieval). Si bien la etimología (el latino &lt;em&gt;putrēre&lt;/em&gt;) daría a pensar que primero fue la forma con u, no falta el término que en latín se escribe con u y en español tiene o (de &lt;em&gt;cum&lt;/em&gt; viene con) ¿Cuál de los verbos sería el original (Se remitiría a cual está escrito primero, pues no contamos con otros registros)? ¿Se usa el verbo (aunque en forma vulgar) en dialecto alguno de la península con O? ¿Por qué y desde cuando se redujo o desapareció el verbo &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt; en España?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T00:00:39.623" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T10:52:40.510" Title="Del origen y usos de los verbos podrir/pudrir en España" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10071" CreationDate="2018-08-22T07:45:40.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; is indeed a recent one. It appears in the RAE's dictionary starting from 1843 with the meaning of &quot;the act and effect of &lt;em&gt;equipar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, and it continues carrying this meaning until 1925, when the meaning as &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt; was added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you take examples from CORDE from the XIX century, every example of &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; carries the meaning of &lt;em&gt;equipment&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[El Rey] fijó el equipo militar de cada uno...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[...] la adquisición de los efectos destinados a la alimentación y equipo de los alumnos internos...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;[...] y si le caía el encargo de bordar un equipo de novia lo aprovechaba para pagar algún mes atrasado de casa...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Mi equipo consistía en un vestido de cotín azul con vivos blancos, blusa de botones de hueso con sus dos bolsas pecheras...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But starting the XX century something happened. In 1896 the modern Olympic games started, and the team sports also started to get attention. The first cases in Spanish literature of &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt; are in these contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y de buenas a primeras, me se ponen los mantones, me se van de casa.... y ahí las tienes de tiradoras en el segundo equipo del Club Bullanga, pa lo que gustes apostar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Arniches, &quot;Los tiros&quot;, 1917 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems logical if you think of a team as the &lt;em&gt;equipment&lt;/em&gt; of a sports club (what is needed to make the sports club work). Some earlier examples can be found in press:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] los organizadores encontraron medio de verificar [la carrera], corriéndola por equipos, es decir, que cada equipo, compuesto de dos corredores,&#xA;  correría los seis días alternando, ó sea cada corredor, corría dooe horas y descansaba otras doce, que era las que corría su compañero de equipo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Globo. 7/1/1900, n.º 8.801, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So based on this we can see how the use of the word &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; started to rise shyly about 1900, and finally &lt;em&gt;exploded&lt;/em&gt; around 1930.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qCTJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qCTJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Use of &amp;quot;equipo&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, in 1925 three meanings were added to &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; in the dictionary. One related to &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada uno de los grupos que se disputan el triunfo en ciertos deportes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also another one related to work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grupo de operarios organizado para un fin o servicio determinado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a final one related to clothes as some of the first examples in this post revealed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conjunto de ropas y otras cosas para uso particular de una persona; en especial, ropas, muebles, alhajas, etc., que se dan a una mujer cuando se casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although these meanings were added at the same time to RAE's dictionary, it is difficult to know which one was used first in the oral expression. It may well be that a &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; was first the group of people in charge of equipping a ship or whatever. Or it may be that a &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; was a group of people in a sports club all wearing the same &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt;. But indeed the first cases in the written expression of the word &lt;em&gt;equipo&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt; (and its subsequent boom) were influenced by the team sports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T07:45:40.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27133" CreationDate="2018-08-22T08:10:38.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;aguzar las orejas&lt;/em&gt; es tan antigua como el propio idioma español. Lo mismo te la encuentras en el siglo XIII que en el XXI. Al principio parece que se usaba para los caballos (y seguramente otros animales):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya se movién las hazes, ívanse allegando,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ivan los ballesteros las saetas tirando,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ivan los cavalleros las lanças abaxando&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e ivan los cavallos orejas aguzando.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro de Alexandre&quot;, 1240-1250 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea original era usar el verbo &lt;em&gt;aguzar&lt;/em&gt;, ya registrado en diccionarios del siglo XV, con el sentido de &quot;sacar punta&quot;, &quot;afilar&quot;, usado en este caso para indicar que el caballo puso las orejas en punta, cosa que hacen cuando están atendiendo a los sonidos externos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día la expresión se usa para cualquiera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi afán de humanista más que mi oficio de cronista me ha hecho aguzar mis orejas para oír lo que las gentes decían, no siempre lo que pensaban.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antonio Beltrán Martínez, &quot;Pueblos de Aragón II&quot;, 2000 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda claro que en este caso con &lt;em&gt;orejas&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al sentido del oído. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T08:10:38.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27092" CreationDate="2018-08-22T09:30:39.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What @tchrist says is true except for the fact that Spanish people tends to not pronounce strictly some clusters like &quot;pc&quot; or &quot;tl&quot;, for instance, it is very common to hear from Spanish people \konθeθθjon\ for &quot;concepción&quot; where they assimilate the p to the θ and then geminate it, or \hil·ler\ for Hitler or \al·leta\ for atleta. American Spanish does not have this phenomenon, maybe due to the influence of aborigines languages like Nahuatl for example, where you have &quot;tl&quot; cluster very distinctively pronounced. But as a norm, you shouldn't geminate consonants in Spanish, you should pronounce \konθepθjon\, \hitler\ and \atleta\&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="17935" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T00:25:08.567" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T00:25:08.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27027" CreationDate="2018-08-22T10:02:30.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Su primer aparición he encontrado es en una revista mexicana de 1913: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«El miedo no anda en burro» dice un proverbio vulgar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4gswAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22anda+en+burro%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cosmos Magazine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, (1913)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una explicación se da aquí: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;El miedo no anda en burro.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien es amenazado por un peligro debe huir rápidamente. De otro modo sería tanto como montar en un burro, que es un animal cansino y lento. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Mq47M1aX77cC&amp;amp;pg=PA101&amp;amp;dq=%22anda+en+burro%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refranero popular mexicano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Max Mendizábal (p.101) (2005)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usar la expression &quot;andar en burro&quot; en sí mismo para decir &quot;mover lentamente&quot; es (comprensiblemente) aún más antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No andar en burro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Sino correr&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Como un demonio&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Por un express;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dI8SAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;no+andar+en+burro&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La musa festiva de Samuel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Luis G. Ledesma (1887)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T10:07:45.537" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T10:07:45.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27122" CreationDate="2018-08-22T10:29:53.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to human direct objects, the personal a is also used with living non-human direct objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely if the nonhuman direct object is a live being (real or fictitious), it is preceded by the personal &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;. This is the case for animals and personified concepts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cazador mató &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;l león.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El científico vio &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la Muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ScUaCgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT53&amp;amp;lpg=PT53&amp;amp;dq=gram%C3%A1tica+a+personal+a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manual de gramática&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Eleanor Dozier, Zulma Iguina (p.26)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this rule is not steadfast for animals. It is almost always used for pets, animals with names, but how far it is extended to other animals varies from dialect to dialect, and even within an individual's speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando el silencio que uno lleva dentro es tan grande, puede no llegar a &lt;strong&gt;oír los pájaros&lt;/strong&gt; que se hallan al lado. De todas, es la disciplina más ingrata, la de imponerse &lt;strong&gt;oír a los pájaros.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WpsfAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22o%C3%ADr+a+los+p%C3%A1jaros%22+%22o%C3%ADr+los%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los hemisferios de Magdeburgo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Andrés Trapiello (p.241)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T10:29:53.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27130" CreationDate="2018-08-22T11:18:06.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more of a comment but it wouldn't fit that format, so... You have to bear in mind how street names are formed. There's no uniform rule in all Spanish-speaking regions about that. Some street are named by qualifying the noun &lt;em&gt;calle&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;avenida&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;vía&lt;/em&gt;, etc., with an adjective or a subordinate phrase (typically beginning with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;), such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vía Alta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Avenida Costanera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calle de las Artes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these cases, when an adjective follows, there should be grammatical agreement as you've noted. That is, if instead of &lt;em&gt;Avenida Costanera&lt;/em&gt; you wanted to say &lt;em&gt;Bulevar&lt;/em&gt; (a boulevard), you'd say &lt;em&gt;Bulevar Costaner&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, since &lt;em&gt;bulevar&lt;/em&gt; is masculine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes streets are simply named to homage someone or something. That works as if you were putting quotes about the name, i.e. the name of the street is just &lt;em&gt;calle&lt;/em&gt; (or whatever) plus the label you've chosen, in literal form, without change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calle Blanco&lt;/em&gt; (maybe named about some guy named Blanco)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Avenida Moreno&lt;/em&gt; (homage to some guy named Moreno)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bulevar Esmeralda&lt;/em&gt; (maybe after a boat called Esmeralda)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some places this way of naming streets (which I'd call &quot;the quoted street name&quot; approach) is not so common, and an alternative is used: the street is named &lt;em&gt;calle&lt;/em&gt; (etc.) plus &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; plus the proper name. In this case people might tend to use the full &lt;em&gt;calle de X&lt;/em&gt; format to refer to the street.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T11:18:06.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27142" CreationDate="2018-08-22T11:25:16.913" Score="4" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me he encontrado en el diccionario una de esas palabras que parece que son de broma pero resulta que están registradas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PDCusbv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mieditis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. miedo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE veo que aparecen casos desde finales del siglo XIX, cosa que parece confirmar &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=mieditis&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1850&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmieditis%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la gráfica de NGram&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, ¿se sabe cuándo y cómo surgió el término?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T12:21:44.993" Title="¿Cuándo y cómo apareció el término &quot;mieditis&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27141" CreationDate="2018-08-22T11:25:16.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El 1 de mayo de 1855 arrancó el periódico satírico &lt;em&gt;Fray Tinieblas&lt;/em&gt;, editado y publicado en Madrid. Este periódico usaba un estilo un tanto agresivo hacia sus competidores, más cautos, y no tardó mucho en acusarles de padecer una epidemia que bautizaron con el nombre de &lt;em&gt;mieditis&lt;/em&gt;, usando el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MESHpdR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-itis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como en &lt;em&gt;otitis&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;laringitis&lt;/em&gt;, que literalmente significa &quot;inflamación&quot; pero da a entender simplemente el concepto de &quot;enfermedad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os dejo uno de sus casos, muy ilustrativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La ESCUADRA de &lt;em&gt;oposicion&lt;/em&gt;, se va de volina, á la capa, desde aquello que se acordó en pleno Congreso á bordo de la GOLETA &lt;em&gt;Asamblea&lt;/em&gt;, sobre la suspension de las &lt;em&gt;garantías constitucionales&lt;/em&gt;, aunque se van ya volviendo agua de borrajas lo de las tales garantías: sin embargo, se observa con gusto por acá que nuestro VAPOR FRAY-TINIEBLAS, no cede ni por esas, y que cada dia mas firme embiste con doble fuerza: sin duda no padece la epidemia que los demás buques periodistas, conocida con el nombre de &lt;em&gt;Mieditis&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;Canguelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Tinieblas. 25/6/1855, n.º 12, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso que al final dicha publicación no superara los 25 números, finalizando su andadura el 10 de septiembre del mismo año 1855. Al menos su inventiva consiguió dejarnos como recuerdo una entrada en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T11:25:16.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27141" CreationDate="2018-08-22T12:14:48.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7.2. &lt;em&gt;Aproximación metafórica a nivel de patrón&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el apartado anterior hemos visto casos en los cuales el educto ha sido mantenido constante, pero se observan licencias con la base o la relación base-derivado, que luego desata una interpretación figurativa (en nuestro caso, metafórica). Si se trata solo de desviaciones aisladas motivadas por razones estilísticas o retóricas, no podemos hablar de cambio lingüístico a nivel de sistema. Para que podamos hablar de un cambio del sistema lexicogenésico, tiene que producirse un paso más, es decir, que algunas formaciones estilísticas de este tipo se establezcan definitivamente en la lengua y den lugar a nuevas creaciones directamente sobre el modelo de estas formaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un caso de este tipo está constituido por &lt;strong&gt;el uso figurativo del sufijo &lt;em&gt;-itis&lt;/em&gt; en varias lenguas europeas.&lt;/strong&gt; Como es sabido, la función primaria de este sufijo en las lenguas modernas es la de designar inflamaciones en el lenguaje médico: &lt;em&gt;faringitis&lt;/em&gt; `inflamación de la faringe', &lt;em&gt;amigdalitis&lt;/em&gt; 'inflamación de las amígdalas', etc. Ahora bien, &lt;strong&gt;en algún momento hacia mediados del siglo XIX, en una lengua que todavía no ha sido identificada con certeza&lt;/strong&gt; (cf sobre el italiano Schweickard 1993 y sobre el alemán Lüdeling &amp;amp; Evert 2005), &lt;strong&gt;se le ocurrió a algún hablante creativo aplicar este modelo a fenómenos que se pueden categorizar como inflamaciones o más bien enfermedades solo en sentido figurativo. El ejemplo español más antiguo que me consta es el siguiente de &lt;em&gt;mieditis&lt;/em&gt; de 1859:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dav.&lt;/code&gt; Otra vez, heraldos, suene&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    De las trompetas el kco.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Suenan las trompetas.)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fri.&lt;/code&gt; Ya nadie el combate acepta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gun.&lt;/code&gt; Terrible, Friga, se ha hecho.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dav.&lt;/code&gt; Repetid el desafío!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Heraldos, último reto!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Suenan las trompetas.)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bé.&lt;/code&gt; En vano las trompetas suenan,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Hay &lt;em&gt;un mieditis superbo.&lt;/em&gt; [cursiva en el original] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Rafael Leopoldo de Palomino, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x2wvAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA52&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;mieditis&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Omunda. Drama en cinco cuadros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Habana: La Charanga, 1859, p. 52). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En este paso, &lt;em&gt;mieditis&lt;/em&gt; (usado al masculino, como &lt;em&gt;miedo&lt;/em&gt;, mientras hoy el género está determinado por la serie médica) se usa para elevar d miedo a la categoría de enfermedad y provocar así un efecto lúdico. La novedad de tal manera de expresarse en el momento de imprimirse el texto está probada por el uso de la cursiva.&lt;/strong&gt; Más tarde, este uso figurativo de &lt;em&gt;-itis&lt;/em&gt; se ha convertido en un patrón convencional y muy productivo: &lt;em&gt;telefonitis&lt;/em&gt; 'afición desmesurada al uso del teléfono', &lt;em&gt;franquitis&lt;/em&gt; 'nostalgia por Franco', &lt;em&gt;encuestitis&lt;/em&gt; 'recurso excesivo a encuestas', etc. Hoy en día, el sistema lexicogenésico del español como el de las demás lenguas europeas, contiene dos sufijos &lt;em&gt;-itis&lt;/em&gt;, que están relacionados todavía por una relación metafórica transparente, pero independientes, como prueban las diferencias en el significado del educto (Inflamación' &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 'enfermedad metafórica, afición exagerada'), la relación semántica entre base y sufijo (invariablemente 'inflamación de N' en el uno, pero muy variada en el segundo), en el ámbito de uso (dis-curso médico &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; lenguaje periodístico o lúdico en general), el tipo de bases (partes del cuerpo u órganos &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; quodlibet), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://datospdf.com/download/formacion-de-palabras-y-analogia-_5a4c3aa5b7d7bcb74fea9d27_pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Formación de palabras y analogía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Franz Rainer (p.165-166)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T12:21:44.993" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T12:21:44.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27144" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-22T13:28:13.283" Score="0" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais aclarar mi duda por favor? ¿Cómo se debe interpretar esta oración: como una oración condicional (condicional + subjuntivo; con la conjunción &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;) o como una oración completiva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habría sido una lástima que su talento se perdiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T20:25:31.887" Title="¿Oración condicional o completiva?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27144" CreationDate="2018-08-22T14:57:55.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Habría sido una lástima que su talento se perdiera. (= no se perdió).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas construcciones se dejan sin la otra cláusula condicional, pues queda claro, bajo el contexto, lo que se quiere decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Habría sido [...] se perdiera &lt;strong&gt;si no la hubiesen contratado&lt;/strong&gt;. (= su talento no se perdió porque, al final, la contrataron).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo anterior, esta es una oración condicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T20:25:31.887" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T20:25:31.887" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-22T17:20:15.493" Score="6" ViewCount="710" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Lengua Española, en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R3aRnep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;once&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, se recoge la locución:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;con sus once de oveja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;1. loc. adv. coloq. desus. Era u. para dar a entender que alguien se entremete en lo que no le toca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto que ya aparece en el Diccionario de Autoridades (1737) con el mismo significado.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;En el CORDE apenas he encontrado media docena de veces, todos de textos de principios del siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se originó esa locución? ¿Por qué &lt;strong&gt;once&lt;/strong&gt; y por qué &lt;strong&gt;de oveja&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-30T21:06:19.087" Title="¿Por qué &quot;con sus once de oveja&quot; da a entender que alguien se entremete en lo que no le toca?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27144" CreationDate="2018-08-22T17:43:39.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase en la pregunta es: &lt;p&gt;&#xA;- Habría sido una lástima que su talento se perdiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de oración se llama: una oración con una proposición conjunción completiva o subordinada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dado a sus características y funciones, las conjunciones completivas pueden introducir una proposición subordinada sustantiva, una enunciativa o una de carácter interrogativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta manera, este tipo de conjunciones pueden hacer referencia al sujeto, al objeto directo de una oración o realiza run a interrogación indirecta. En los primeros dos casos se trata de la conjunción completiva &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que en el último de ellos de la conjunción &lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Exemplos en el mismo texto:]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me gusta que hagan malos comentarios de mis amigos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Les pido de favor que me disculpen.&#xA;[...]&lt;p&gt;Tú quieres que sea amable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El enlace es: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scribd.com/document/341492521/Conjunciones-completivas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conyunciones completivas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El tiempo de los verbos sigue la regla siguiente&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habría sido una lástima que su talento se perdiera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Habría sido&lt;/strong&gt; es un tiempo &lt;strong&gt;condicional compuesto perfecto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;CONDICIONAL PERFECTO COMPUESTO&#xA;  Se construye con el verbo HABER en condicional y un participio.&#xA;  Verbo HABER en condicional: habría, habrías, habría, habríamos, habríais, habrían.&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Se utiliza con el pluscuamperfecto del modo subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt; (explicación más abajo) en oraciones compuestas, para expresar situaciones hipotéticas que no sucedieron. Si hubieras estudiado más, no te habrías rajado en el examen. Nos habrías podido ayudar si hubieras querido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://colombia-sa.com/espanol/significado_compuestos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace sobre los tiempos de los verbos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mi parecer, no hay una gran diferencia de sentido entre: &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habría sido una lástima que su talento se perdiera. [no se perdió]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Habría sido una lástima si su talento se perdiera. [no se perdió]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el verbo de la primera proposición está en el condicional perfecto compuesto, el verbo en la proposición subordinada tiene que estár en el pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En términos prácticos (y no necesariamente formales) la frase utiliza los mismos tiempos de verbo que se utiliza en oraciones con si, que son las condicionales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré este trabajo sobre la cuestión: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/3697049.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;condicionales sin si&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de oración no está clasificada como &quot;canónica&quot;. Pero me parece que se puede clasificar como una oración con todos los rasgos de condicionalidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T17:43:39.523" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27150" CreationDate="2018-08-22T19:16:07.887" Score="4" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write &quot;the pupils became a little tense&quot;. Since it is in Spanish, the adjective becomes plural due to there being multiple pupils. So, I thought the sentence would be &quot;las pupilas hizo un poco tensas&quot;. Not sure about hizo either. Anyways, &quot;un poco&quot; is the qualifying part, and it qualifies &quot;tensas&quot;, which makes me wonder if &quot;un poco&quot; should be &quot;un pocos&quot;? Like this: &quot;Las pupilas hizo un pocos tensas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am very new to Spanish, so take that into account, thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20022" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T20:17:00.403" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T20:17:00.403" Title="What happens to qualifiers when adjectives are in plural" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27146" CreationDate="2018-08-22T19:37:35.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;José María Sbarbi y Osuna (en una obra de 1877) da esta explicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;814&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;con sus once de oveja:&lt;/em&gt; «dar a entender que alguno se entromete en lo que no le toca, o en lo que no es llamado ni solicitado» (&lt;em&gt;Aut.&lt;/em&gt;). Sbarbi (1877: 99) define el uso de esta frase mediante su uso en Andalucía, «persona que se da a entender mansedumbre y humildad fingida», para ello &lt;strong&gt;se basa en el número de letras —once— de la palabra &lt;em&gt;mansedumbre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; Este mismo autor da una explicación numérica similar para las frases &lt;em&gt;estar en sus trece&lt;/em&gt;, con base en las trece letras de &lt;em&gt;determinación&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«y estábase en sus trece diciendo que, si le hacían, habían de ir rocín y manzanas con todos los diablos» (p. 58)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;em&gt;echarlo a doce&lt;/em&gt;, doce letras de &lt;em&gt;desbarajuste&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El licenciado, que vio la barahúnda, echolo a doce» (p. 61).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=d429vzb-qMkC&amp;amp;pg=PA250&amp;amp;lpg=PA250&amp;amp;dq=%22con+sus+once+de+oveja%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Retórica y agudeza en la prosa satírico-burlesca de Quevedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Enrique Martínez Bogo (p.251, nota de pie 814)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte relevante de la obra de Sbarbi está aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien: ¿qué significación misteriosa se esconde en estos guarismos? Porque al crear el pueblo en su vasta fantasía esas expresiones, en algo se habrá fundado. El pueblo, ¡ah! si, el pueblo, cuya tendencia se inclina hacia lo maravilloso; el pueblo, siempre amigo de producirse por medio de metáforas y alusiones..., ¿por qué no habrá legado a la posteridad, juntamente con estas bellas concepciones, el principio a que debieran su ser? Pero ni él, ni los eruditos aficionados a recoger sus inspiraciones, nos han dicho nada acerca del particular. Por tanto, ¿sería presunción temeraria en nosotros intentar descorrer el velo del enigma para ver en las locuciones susodichas cierta &lt;strong&gt;alusión a una palabra compuesta de tantas letras cuantas indica el guarismo especial que forma la frase,&lt;/strong&gt; y decir que [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;presentarse con sus&lt;/em&gt; ONCE &lt;em&gt;de oveja&lt;/em&gt; lo hace aquél que manifiesta en su porte la&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt; m     a   n   s   e   d   u   m   b   r   e&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(1,   2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10, 11.)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;propia de semejante animal;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/s3/BVMC_OBRAS/fef/aaf/0a8/2b1/11d/fac/c70/021/85c/e60/64/mimes/fefaaf0a-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Monografía sobre los refranes, adagios y proverbios castellanos y las obras o fragmentos que expresamente tratan de ellos en nuestra lengua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;José María Sbarbi y Osuna (1877)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T21:46:50.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27148" CreationDate="2018-08-22T20:16:18.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example is not grammatically correct, but your question is not about the parts that are wrong. The correct form is a bit difficult to explain, so I'll leave that for an endnote. This would be it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las alumnas se pusieron un poco tensas.&lt;/em&gt; (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; does not vary. Although it's two words and looks like a noun phrase, it works exactly like an adverb (like those ended in &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt;), and &lt;strong&gt;adverbs do not vary in number or gender&lt;/strong&gt;. So you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La alumna se puso un poco tensa.&lt;/em&gt; (singular, feminine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;El alumno se puso un poco tenso.&lt;/em&gt; (singular, masculine)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Los alumnos se pusieron un poco tensos.&lt;/em&gt; (plural, masculine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other adverbs referring to amount or intensity that you could use in this sentence are &lt;em&gt;muy&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;extremadamente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ligeramente&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Again, they're all invariable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to pluralize &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt;, you'd say &lt;em&gt;unos pocos&lt;/em&gt;, since the articles do vary in number and gender. But this is not what you do with &lt;em&gt;un poco&lt;/em&gt; when it's an adverbial phrase. &lt;em&gt;Un poco&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;a little, a bit, slightly&quot;, but &lt;em&gt;unos pocos&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;a few ([masculine] ones)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) &quot;Pupils&quot; should normally be translated &lt;em&gt;alumnas&lt;/em&gt;, assuming by &quot;pupils&quot; you mean &quot;students&quot; and not the eyes' pupils, and assuming also you want female pupils, not males or a mixed group (which would be &lt;em&gt;alumnos&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;em&gt;Pupilo&lt;/em&gt; (fem. &lt;em&gt;pupila&lt;/em&gt;) means an orphan under a tutor. The verb is &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; in its pronominal form (&lt;em&gt;ponerse&lt;/em&gt;), which is unfortunately rather irregular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T20:16:18.300" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27134" CreationDate="2018-08-23T00:00:09.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Podrir&lt;/em&gt; es la forma más antigua. &lt;em&gt;Pudrir&lt;/em&gt; aparece circa 1500 según el CORDE, mientras que &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt; se usa desde los documentos registrados más tempranos de los fines del siglo XIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi suposición es que, dado que hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/2751/vowel-harmony-in-spanish&quot;&gt;&quot;vowel raising&quot;&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TUQkmyv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la mayoría de las formas conjugadas de &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, estas formas influyeron el desarrollo de &lt;em&gt;pudrir&lt;/em&gt; en el cual la &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; vocal aparece en cada conjugación, similar al caso con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23615/why-does-diezmar-have-a-diphthong-and-do-similar-verbs-exist&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dezmar &gt; diezmar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;putrere   → *putrīre  → podrir   → pudrir &lt;sup&gt;(por inf. de &lt;em&gt;pudro, pudres, pudre, ... pudriendo&lt;/em&gt; etc)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/puˈtre.re/ → [poˈtri.re] → /poˈðɾiɾ/ → /puˈðɾiɾ/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=podrir%2C+pudrir&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngram&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pudrir&lt;/em&gt; comenzó a superar &lt;em&gt;podrir&lt;/em&gt; en popularidad a principios de los 90.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T10:52:40.510" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T10:52:40.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-23T08:47:50.843" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase del texto original dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(1) He &lt;strong&gt;could have killed&lt;/strong&gt; you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El traductor español la traduce así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(2) &lt;strong&gt;Iba a matarte&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La perífrasis verbal &lt;em&gt;ir a hacer algo&lt;/em&gt; expresa una acción planeada, ¿verdad? Yo esta frase la traduciría como &lt;em&gt;Hubiera podido matarte&lt;/em&gt;. No entiendo por qué el traductor decidió traducirla con una forma que expresa el futuro próximo. El elemento de irrealidad se pierde en la traducción, ¿verdad? ¿O me equivoco?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T12:59:37.077" Title="Perífrasis verbal &quot;ir + infinitivo&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27152" CreationDate="2018-08-23T10:24:19.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado de la perífrasis verbal es aproximadamente como dijiste. No necesariamente tiene que ser una acción planeada; de hecho, reemplaza al tiempo verbal futuro simple, que se usa cada vez menos en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría que ver el contexto pero a mí esa traducción me parece poco apropiada. ¿Qué significa &quot;He could have killed you&quot;? ¿Significa lo mismo que &quot;He could have tried and managed to kill you&quot;? ¿O bien significa &quot;He could have accidentally killed you&quot;? Si es el primero la traducción podría estar bien en algún contexto; si es el segundo, está definitivamente mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T10:24:19.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27157" CreationDate="2018-08-23T12:21:15.177" Score="2" ViewCount="436" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba escuchando música al azar cuando me topé con una canción de Sara Montiel. Me gustó, así que me puse a bucear en su discografía. Hay joyas y entre ellas me encontré con &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hsanfnRjZ4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Nardos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en cuya letra se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y el &lt;strong&gt;gomoso&lt;/strong&gt; que la ve&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Va y le dice venga usted&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A ponerme en la solapa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo que quiera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Nardos&lt;/em&gt;, de Sara Montiel. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/sara-montiel/1302144/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Letra completa en letras.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Esta palabra me sonaba de haberla oído en Colombia como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;pijo&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que me sorprendió que la dijera la cantante española en una letra claramente española (habla de la Calle Alcalá de Madrid).&lt;/s&gt; no, la palabra en la que creía pensar es &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gomelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gomelo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando del hilo, veo que el DLE la recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JKUk6s2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gomoso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. gummōsus.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene goma o se parece a ella.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Med. Que padece gomas. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;pisaverde&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TCBOVJh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pisaverde&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Hombre presumido y afeminado, que no conoce más ocupación que la de acicalarse, perfumarse y andar vagando todo el día en busca de galanteos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ante tamaño descubrimiento en forma de palabra tan altisonante como &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; la pregunta es: ¿cómo llegó &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; a denominar a este tipo de personas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T14:10:59.577" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T14:10:59.577" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;pisaverde&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;gomoso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27154" CreationDate="2018-08-23T12:47:22.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el Tesoro de Covarrubias, la etimología de &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; es así (de &lt;em&gt;pisar&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;verde&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pisaverde:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Este nombre suelen dar al mozo galán, de poco seso, que va pisando de puntillas por no reventar el seso que lleva en los carcañales. La metáfora está tomada del que atraviesa en algún jardín por los cuadros de él, que por no hollar los lazos va pisando de puntillas; o porque en los prados, donde hay hierba hay humedad, y por no mojarse todo el pie van de puntillas».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://fondosdigitales.us.es/fondos/libros/765/1217/tesoro-de-la-lengua-castellana-o-espanola/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,  Sebastián de Covarrubias (1611) (p.1217)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T12:47:22.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27152" CreationDate="2018-08-23T12:59:37.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estudiar español mediante traducciones es una arma de doble filo para los que no son nativos.&#xA;Los traductores se encargan de interpretar; es por esto, así como en la mayoría de los casos, que uno se va a encontrar con algo bastante distinto a lo que se se considera por traducción literal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras interpretaciones de &lt;em&gt;He could have killed you&lt;/em&gt; incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pudo matarte. (= queda en duda si lo hizo o no; la especulación es débil).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pudo haberte matado. (= definitivamente no lo hizo porque preferió hacer otra cosa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, la traducción &lt;em&gt;Iba a matarte&lt;/em&gt; no parece del todo precisa; además, dudo bastante que quisiera usarla de esta manera, pues la implicancia es la que tú le habías dado con respecto a planear una acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T12:59:37.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27154" CreationDate="2018-08-23T12:59:58.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues resulta que &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra bastante antigua, siendo este su primer caso en el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El paje que os dije de recados, hácele camarero, porque es anejo al oficio primero; al que ven que es un poco pisaverde, polidete, hácenle maestre-sala para que, pues él no se sabe gobernar, gobierne a los pajes; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diego Hermosilla, &quot;Diálogo de los pajes: en que se trata de la vida que á mediados del siglo XVI llevaban en los palacios de los Señores, del galardón de sus servicios, y del modo como los Grandes se gobernaban y debieran gobernarse&quot;, 1545 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afortunadamente, Covarrubias nos ilustra en esta ocasión con el posible origen de la palabra en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PISAVERDE, este nombre suelen dar al moço galã, de poco seso, que va pisando de puntillas por no rebentar el seso que lleva en los carcañales. La metafora estâ tomada del que atraviesa en algun jardin por los quadros del, que por no hollar los lazos va pisando de puntillas; o porque en los prados donde ay yerva ay humedad, y por no mojarse todo el pie van de puntillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comentarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando habla de &lt;em&gt;carcañales&lt;/em&gt; se refiere al &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6io2Q71&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calcañar&lt;/a&gt;, la extremidad del pie por la parte que cae a la pantorrilla. Afirma Covarrubias que se dice &quot;tener el seso en los carcañales&quot; de los mozos pisaverdes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cuando habla de los cuadros de los jardines se refiere a la parte labrada en cuadro, adornada con labores de flores y hierbas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; recoge esta definición y también la historia de su origen del &lt;em&gt;Tesoro&lt;/em&gt; de Covarrubias. Aunque la definición parece más esclarecedora:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mozuelo presumido de galán, holgazán, y sin empleo ni aplicación, que todo el dia se anda passeando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosas me resultan también las traducciones a otros idiomas en los diccionarios español-inglés de los siglos XVII y XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pisaverde. A he who goeth on his tiptoes. (Minsheu, 1617)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pisaverde, a nice &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fop&lt;/a&gt; that walks as if he were afraid to touch the Ground. (Stevens, 1706)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas traducciones recalcan aún más la idea de que un pisaverde es aquel que anda como si estuviera pisando por un verde y húmedo jardín de flores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, mencionar que Corominas también cita a Covarrubias en su &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico&lt;/em&gt; (tercera edición, 1973):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pisaverde&lt;/em&gt;, 1570-80, porque anda de puntillas, como el que atraviesa los cuadros de un jardín.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T13:52:23.680" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T13:52:23.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1071" CreationDate="2018-08-23T14:42:14.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though the DLE does not mention the symbol explicitly, other sources from the RAE affirm that the symbol is called &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/hashtag/RAEconsultas?src=hash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;#RAEconsultas&lt;/a&gt; El signo &amp;amp; se llama «et», pues nace de la ligadura de las letras «e» y «t», que en latín forman la conjunción «et» (= «y»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/428144951478988800&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;@RAEinforma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;4:38 AM - 28 Jan 2014&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Símbolos o signos no alfabetizables&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;et (&lt;em&gt;lat.:&lt;/em&gt; y)&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/simbolos-o-signos-no-alfabetizables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas » Apéndices » Símbolos o signos no alfabetizables&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&amp;amp;, nombre de este signo gráfico&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué nombre recibe el signo gráfico «&amp;amp;» que aparece en los teclados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español se llama &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; y en inglés &lt;em&gt;ampersand&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/nombre-de-este-signo-grafico-2714/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fundéu BBVA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T17:12:00.173" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:12:00.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20723" CreationDate="2018-08-23T15:08:39.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add something to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20726/12637&quot;&gt;tchrist's answer&lt;/a&gt;. The expression may be even older than the Spanish language. I have found some texts of the XIII century that use a similar expression, but from the point of view of an outsider to the act of giving birth:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Empero la muiller cipdadana o burgesa no aurá ren de arras ni ninguna cosa por nompne de arras, si expressament no es dotada con instrumento público, ni el marido será constreynnido de dotar la depués el matrimonio, quar tal muiller, las arras que lis son assignadas, luego las pierde quoando ouiere fillo o filla, la quoal, uiua seyendo, &lt;strong&gt;ueniere a luz&lt;/strong&gt; en este mundo, et encara que por poco momento biua. [...] Empero, si a la uegada la muiller de burgo o franqua ouiere criatura de su marido [que] &lt;strong&gt;ueniere a luz&lt;/strong&gt;, encara que aqueilla criatura moriere luego que fuere nascida, perdrá luego la madre aqueillas arras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Vidal Mayor&quot;, c1250 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text is a bit difficult to read, but it uses the expression &lt;em&gt;venir a luz&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;come to light&quot;). The expression &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;give to light&quot;) came somewhat later, reflecting the same act of giving birth, but this time from the point of view of the mother. It is first registered in the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; from 1732, but you can find some matches much before that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por qué se alegra la mujer de &lt;strong&gt;haber dado a luz&lt;/strong&gt; hijo de varón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Pineda, &quot;Diálogos familiares de la agricultura cristiana&quot;, 1589 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; also means &lt;em&gt;dar a conocer&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to announce&quot;). It may be the meaning of the expression in this text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Encoruase gimiendo dolorosa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por &lt;strong&gt;dar a luz el parto&lt;/strong&gt; quebrantado&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  el dolor, el gemido no reposa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Luis de León, &quot;Libro de Job en tercetos&quot;, c1580-1591 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting choice of words, it could mean &quot;to announce the birth&quot;, an expression that could have been simplified to &lt;em&gt;dar a luz&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;giving birth&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also interesting is the existence of a similar word with the same meaning: &lt;em&gt;alumbrar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to shed light&quot;). This can be found in the Covarrubias dictionary from 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ALVMBRAR, dar lumbre. [...] En las paridas, alumbrar, es echar a la luz fuera del vientre la criatura, que estaua en el como en vna mazmorra obscura, y sin luz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, a synonym for &lt;em&gt;parto&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is &lt;em&gt;alumbramiento&lt;/em&gt;. This word can be found with this sense starting from the XVI century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues si esto hazen los animales brutos, cuyos partos son en perjuyzio de los hombres, a causa que sus hambrientos hijos comen a nuestros innocentes ganados, ¡quánto más lo deve hazer la muger preñada, cuyo &lt;strong&gt;parto y alumbramiento&lt;/strong&gt; es en aumento de todo el pueblo christiano!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Antonio de Guevara, &quot;Reloj de príncipes&quot;, 1529-1531 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T15:08:39.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27165" CreationDate="2018-08-23T23:48:23.937" Score="8" ViewCount="788" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado leyendo acerca de las secciones cónicas y me ha llamado la atención que el significado geométrico de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;parábola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;un tipo de línea curva&quot;) no parece tener ninguna relación o semejanza con su significado retórico (&quot;una especie de cuento que pretende dejar una enseñanza&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, ambas acepciones comparten la misma etimología: vienen de la palabra griega &lt;em&gt;parabolé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber a partir de cuál significado original evolucionaron ambas palabras, y si se nota en los significados actuales ese origen (y, por lo tanto, si les queda alguna relación o si ya son palabras totalmente distintas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T06:36:16.027" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T06:36:16.027" Title="¿Existe alguna relación entre los dos significados de la palabra &quot;parábola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27162" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27172" CreationDate="2018-08-23T23:49:43.397" Score="7" ViewCount="923" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elipse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un tipo de línea curva cerrada, muy importante por varias razones geométricas y científicas. Por otra parte, una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un concepto retórico que se refiere a cuando, por la razón que sea, no aparece una palabra o construcción necesaria en el discurso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sólo son palabras parecidas (parónimos), sino que comparten un adjetivo (&lt;em&gt;elíptico&lt;/em&gt;) y tienen la misma raíz etimológica: la palabra griega &lt;em&gt;élleipsis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede hablar de la &lt;em&gt;órbita elíptica&lt;/em&gt; de un planeta (la curva que describe en su movimiento) y del &lt;em&gt;sujeto elíptico&lt;/em&gt; de una oración (el sujeto gramatical que no se dice porque se infiere). Ambos &quot;elipticos&quot; tienen significados que parecen ser totalmente diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Queda alguna remembranza del significado original de estas palabras en el español actual, que nos permita decir que todavía tienen alguna relación; o, al contrario, son palabras totalmente distintas a pesar de su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T06:36:06.107" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T10:45:36.263" Title="¿Existe alguna relación entre las palabras &quot;elipse&quot; y &quot;elipsis&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27167" CreationDate="2018-08-23T23:50:53.650" Score="6" ViewCount="1332" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hipérbola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es un tipo de línea curva abierta, una de las tres secciones cónicas. Y por otra parte, una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hipérbole&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es una figura retórica que consiste en exagerar lo que se dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo &lt;em&gt;hiperbólico&lt;/em&gt; puede aplicarse en ambos casos. Por ejemplo, puede hablarse del &lt;em&gt;plano hiperbólico&lt;/em&gt; en geometría, y de un &lt;em&gt;lenguaje hiperbólico&lt;/em&gt; en retórica. Ambos &quot;hiperbólicos&quot; no parecen tener ninguna relación, a pesar de que comparten la raíz etimológica griega &lt;em&gt;hyperbolé&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Todavía se puede distinguir alguna relación entre ambas palabras, o ya se independizaron totalmente de su significado etimológico original?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T06:35:54.953" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T14:00:11.770" Title="¿Existe alguna relación entre las palabras &quot;hipérbole&quot; e &quot;hipérbola&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26672" CreationDate="2018-08-24T00:25:44.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España y desde que existe el español como idioma, de hecho hoy en día cuasi-relegadas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde siglo de oro de la literatura española hasta mediados del siglo pasado su uso era muy habitual, principalmente en estilo irónico o con doble sentido, tanto en el leguaje hablado como en la literatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho la gente “culta” no hablaba tan mal como lo hace ahora, era impensable que un licenciado o señor usase insultos (palabras mal sonantes) en público. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17772" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T00:25:44.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27161" CreationDate="2018-08-24T01:21:03.977" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parabolé&lt;/em&gt; viene del griego &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; &quot;a un lado&quot; y el verbo &lt;em&gt;bállō&lt;/em&gt; &quot;poner&quot; o &quot;arrojar&quot;. Lo usó por primera vez Apolonio de Perge (s. I a.E.C.) como término para describir la curva en cuestión. Las secciones cónicas (elipse, parábola e hipérbola) se usaban para resolver ecuaciones cuadráticas por un método llamado de aplicación de áreas, en la cual se comparaban áreas geométricas cubiertas por estas curvas y por rectángulos. Con la parábola se obtenía un resultado sin deficiencia ni exceso, es decir, podía &lt;strong&gt;ponerse a un lado&lt;/strong&gt; o compararse la curva con la sucesión de rectángulos que aproximaba el área.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concepto de &lt;em&gt;parábola&lt;/em&gt; como cuento o historia proviene del mismo origen trasladado a lo figurativo: &quot;poner a un lado&quot; como sinónimo de comparación o símil. Hablar en parábolas es contar algo utilizando, en vez de términos concretos, figuras que los representan. Asociamos las parábolas a cuentos moralizantes porque para eso se utilizaban. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T01:21:03.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27162" CreationDate="2018-08-24T05:49:21.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE, en su versión de 1780, nos da una buena pista de que, en realidad, el origen de ambas palabras es algo diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscamos &lt;em&gt;elipse&lt;/em&gt; encontramos esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ELIPSE, ó ELIPSI. s.f. &lt;em&gt;Geom.&lt;/em&gt; Figura prolongada contenida de sola una linea curva, la qual procede de la seccion obliqua, hecha en un cono, con un plano que corta sus dos lados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si buscamos &lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt; encontramos esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ELIPSIS. s.f. V. ECLIPSIS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que ya imaginas por dónde van los tiros. Busquemos &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt; y encontraremos esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ECLIPSIS. d.f. &lt;em&gt;Ret.&lt;/em&gt; Figura con que se omite en la oración alguna cosa, que es necesaria para que esté cabal y perfecta. Dícese tambien ELIPSIS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que tiene bastante más sentido que &lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;ocultación de alguna parte de una frase&quot;) se dijera antes &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt;, más emparentada pues con &lt;em&gt;eclipse&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;ocultación de un astro&quot;). La palabra &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt; ha estado de hecho en el DLE hasta 1992, aunque con la marca de &quot;desusado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, incluso el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, que también recoge &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt;, dice que incluso en griego algunos decían &lt;em&gt;elypsis&lt;/em&gt;, y que por tanto por entonces también se usaba &lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt; en castellano, aunque menciona que &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt; era más usado &quot;porque quiere decir falta o trabajo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese por último que la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt; era la usada para los eclipses durante los siglos XIII al XVII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De saber tomar las longuezas de las uillas por los eclipsis lunares.&lt;/em&gt; (1277)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque a partir del siglo XVI comenzó a usarse también &lt;em&gt;eclipse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;eclypse&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;eclypsi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T05:59:13.253" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T05:59:13.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27163" CreationDate="2018-08-24T06:10:35.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso sí que hay un remanente de coincidencia en los significados de ambas palabras, aunque ya en latín se distinguieran ambas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KQcH2y4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hipérbola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;hyperbŏla&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ὑπερβολή hyperbolḗ&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KQeGz9i&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;hipérbole&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;hyperbŏle&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ὑπερβολή hyperbolḗ&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra griega &lt;em&gt;hyperbolḗ&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;exceso, exageración&quot;. Sabemos que una hipérbole es una &quot;exageración de una circunstancia, relato o noticia&quot;. Y una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HAQG8hk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;exageración&lt;/a&gt; es un &quot;concepto, hecho o &lt;strong&gt;cosa que traspasa [excede] los límites&lt;/strong&gt; de lo justo, verdadero o razonable&quot;. Por tanto tenemos el concepto de &lt;em&gt;exceso&lt;/em&gt; en la hipérbole. ¿Y en la hipérbola? Pues resulta que una hipérbola es una &quot;&lt;strong&gt;curva cuyo plano excede&lt;/strong&gt; en inclinación la de la superficie del cono cortado por él&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontramos pues el mismo concepto de &quot;exceso&quot; en ambas palabras, aunque aplicado de formas diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T06:10:35.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-24T07:35:47.870" Score="4" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi mujer, como buena gaditana, tiene un rico vocabulario de palabras y expresiones propias de la región. El otro día surgió en una conversación la palabra &lt;em&gt;pálpito&lt;/em&gt;, registrada en el DLE así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RbMtQuf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pálpito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;palpitar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Presentimiento, corazonada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra está registrada en el DLE desde 1970 (y entonces en un suplemento). Sintiendo curiosidad por el origen de la palabra, leo en algunas fichas del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE que en España se usa en Cádiz y Jaén (puede que esto ya no sea así, la ficha es de los años 70), mientras que en Hispanoamérica parece de uso general, oyéndose en Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Perú, México, Puerto Rico y Uruguay (y no sé si algún otro país).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos determinan el origen de esta palabra en el portugués &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.priberam.pt/dlpo/palpite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palpite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;conocimiento intuitivo&quot;, por influencia brasileña), que de hecho es &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=palpite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como se dice&lt;/a&gt; (aunque poco) en Uruguay, y también daría lugar al &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=p%C3%A1lpite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pálpite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Paraguay. Sin embargo, su uso en México despista bastante y no hay certeza pues de que esto sea así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya buscando textos concretos, el caso más antiguo que consigo encontrar es de la revista &lt;em&gt;Caras y Caretas&lt;/em&gt;, de Argentina, de 1900:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dijose que el afortunado mortal, millonario de golpe, había soñado con los apostóles y que por eso compró el número que suma 12. Añadióse que un «palpito» fué el que le movió á hacer la compra.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caras y caretas (Buenos Aires). 29/12/1900, n.º 117, página 33.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora mismo el pálpito que tengo es que la palabra sí que pudo venir del portugués, comenzó como &lt;em&gt;palpite&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pálpite&lt;/em&gt; en Uruguay y Paraguay, situados entre Brasil y Argentina, y a Argentina llegó como &lt;em&gt;pálpito&lt;/em&gt;, y de ahí se extendería por Chile y Perú hacia el norte. Sin embargo, no consigo encontrar casos de &lt;em&gt;palpite&lt;/em&gt; antes de 1900 que confirmen esta evolución, aunque en la versión uruguaya de &lt;em&gt;Caras y Caretas&lt;/em&gt;, de 1890, hay algunos artículos firmados por &quot;Palpite&quot;, que no sé si tendrá algo que ver (suena a seudónimo). &lt;strike&gt;Tampoco sé cuán antigua es la palabra en el portugués (&lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/q/5454/4296&quot;&gt;he preguntado al respecto&lt;/a&gt; en el sitio de portugués), necesitaría ser de uso en Brasil en el siglo XIX.&lt;/strike&gt; La palabra desde luego sí se usaba en Brasil en el siglo XIX, como atestigua la respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/q/5454/4296&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; en el sitio sobre el portugués (y la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27188/12637&quot;&gt;respuesta de pablodf76&lt;/a&gt;). Por último, tampoco sé cómo ni cuándo llegó a España, ni por qué se usaba aquí de forma tan localizada, al menos hacia mediados del siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien me ayuda a completar el rompecabezas del origen e historia de la palabra &lt;em&gt;pálpito&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T21:11:44.960" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T21:11:44.960" Title="Origen e historia de la palabra &quot;pálpito&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26672" CreationDate="2018-08-24T09:55:22.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Motivo&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que hay dos caminos posibles hasta tales frases peyorativos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un término del &quot;sagrado&quot; &gt; un término que significa grande o poderoso &gt; una plena superlativa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un término del &quot;sagrado&quot; &gt; un termino que se asocia con las cualidades negativas de figuras religiosas &lt;sup&gt;(posiblemente por ironía)&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; un peyorativo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a por que se usa semejantes palabras en lugar de otros, en muchas lenguas hay una tendencia de gravitar a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_soez&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos temas&lt;/a&gt; en el lenguaje soez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el sagrado (cosas religiosas, cosas de tu madre, tu país, tu monarca etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el tabú (el sexo, escatología etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes ver el primero también en las frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me cago en &lt;strong&gt;Dios&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hostia&lt;/strong&gt; puta &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Primeras apariciones&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Soberano&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las primeras instancias de la frase &quot;soberano + insulto&quot; son de los primeros del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El populacho de París corrió á las armas por la remoción del virtuoso Ministro , y como &lt;strong&gt;soberano estúpido&lt;/strong&gt; pidió á Neker, llevando su busto y el de Felipe de Orleans por la calles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LY6CY0tbKt0C&amp;amp;pg=PA206&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;soberano+est%C3%BApido&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conspiración de los sofistas de la impiedad contra la religión y el estado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Barruel (1814)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué importa que reciba el collar &lt;strong&gt;un soberano imbécil&lt;/strong&gt; , que lo use un grande de España de medianas dotes, que lo lleve algun ministro, aborrecido quizás por su mismo talento para lo malo y su carácter rudo, si al par premia los méritos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Felipe el Bueno crecia y se educaba en los momentos mismos en que Su padre disputaba en Francia el dominio del reino, gobernado por &lt;strong&gt;un soberano imbécil&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8s-BuCRDD7cC&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;soberano+imb%C3%A9cil&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inclita militar órden de San Juan de Jerusalen ó de Malta...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, José Gil Dorregaray (1864)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta época soberano tenía una significación secundaria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOBERANO.&lt;/strong&gt; Por extenſión, vale tambien altivo, ſoberbio, ò preſumido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;1739 ACADEMIA AUTORIDADES (S-Z)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;aunque ya había notado como 'ant.' poco después de estes casos primeros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOBERANO, NA&lt;/strong&gt; adj. ... || ant. Altivo, soberbio ó presumido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;1852 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Reverendo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera aparición de &lt;em&gt;reverendo + insulto&lt;/em&gt; bien puede ser literal (o irónico):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... como ese &lt;em&gt;Ministrillo Quinni&lt;/em&gt;, (asi llamo yo a ese &lt;strong&gt;Reverendo imbécil&lt;/strong&gt; el Señor &lt;em&gt;Combermere de Saint Quintin&lt;/em&gt;,) quieran tener el derecho de dictar leyes a gentes honradas que tienen que comer, y que podrian, si fuera necesario, comprarlos á ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EDkPAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA168&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;reverendo+imb%C3%A9cil&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Revista gaditana: 11&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1840)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después hay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ay, Simón! rompe el vaso de la existencia pronto, lo más pronto posible, que es un &lt;strong&gt;solemne y reverendo tonto&lt;/strong&gt; quien vive en ese mundo aborrecible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_9AOAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;reverendo+tonto&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Despues de la muerte: drama en tres actos, original y en verso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Manuel José Othón (1886)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho más antes hay el uso de &lt;em&gt;reverendo&lt;/em&gt; con la definición de &quot;demasiadamente circunspecto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Iba camino un Abad,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Muy gordo, y &lt;strong&gt;muy reverendo&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CUJhAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PP19&amp;amp;lpg=PP19&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;muy+gordo+y+muy+reverendo&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La gran comedia: No puede ser&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Don Agustin Moreto (1675)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Solemne&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que nos traje a &quot;solemne + ...&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y quando eſte arrogante Fariſeo fuera tan juſto, como el ſe precia, era &lt;strong&gt;ſolemne diſparate&lt;/strong&gt;, conocerſelo el...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TTey1KON6-IC&amp;amp;pg=PA253&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;solemne+disparate&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Post Pentecosten&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Dionisio Jubero (1610)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... adonde irá el pobre Caballero?....&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Digo que es un &lt;strong&gt;solemne majadero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5PJFAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA10&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;solemne+majadero&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fabulas En Verso Castelano Para El Uso Del Real Seminario Bascongado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Félix Maria Samaniego (1784)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y con esto se fue corriendo á sus borricos, que paciendo estaban no muy lexos, alegrandose de verse libre del Tio Gil, á quien dió por &lt;strong&gt;un solemne tonto&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... á quien dieron antes por un &lt;strong&gt;solemne tonto&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FpzBkxAVFcIC&amp;amp;pg=PA188&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;solemne+tonto&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El Tio Gil Mamúco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, D.F.V.Y.C.P. (1789)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sea el más antiguo que se usa en estes contextos, no se describe así en los diccionarios hasta el siglo XX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOLEMNE&lt;/strong&gt;... || &lt;strong&gt;7.&lt;/strong&gt; Encarece en sentido peyorativo la significación de algunos nombres. &lt;sub&gt;SOLEMNE&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;disparate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;1925 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;See also:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/reverendo-gilipollas.1813414/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/reverendo-gilipollas.1813414/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T13:14:23.660" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T13:14:23.660" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-24T10:07:13.477" Score="8" ViewCount="17327" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la fruta de la fotografía la llamamos &amp;quot;paraguayo&amp;quot;, por lo menos en la zona donde yo vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prunus-persica-1060223.JPG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uHbhkm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción aparece en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Rqd7NAW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, pero no he encontrado nada sobre su origen. ¿Esta fruta tiene algo que ver con Paraguay? ¿Alguien sabe alguna cosa sobre la etimología del término &amp;quot;paraguayo&amp;quot; para denominar a esta fruta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19075" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-10-01T10:09:36.843" LastActivityDate="2021-05-07T15:29:57.840" Title="¿Por qué llamamos &quot;paraguayo&quot; a esta fruta?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-24T10:26:32.213" Score="5" ViewCount="8666" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27170/12637&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; encuentro en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=paraguaya&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;paraguaya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. ǁ  &lt;strong&gt;a la ~&lt;/strong&gt;. loc. adv. Ch. Realizando el coito de pie. pop + cult →&#xA;  espon ^ fest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que no puedo evitar preguntar, ¿por qué en Chile se dice &quot;a la paraguaya&quot; para el acto de realizar el coito de pie?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T14:11:42.657" Title="¿Por qué en Chile se dice &quot;hacerlo a la paraguaya&quot; para &quot;hacerlo de pie&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27162" CreationDate="2018-08-24T10:45:36.263" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;De manera similar a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27165/14627&quot;&gt;lo que ocurre con &lt;em&gt;parábola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, el significado griego de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%94%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%88%CE%B9%CF%82#Ancient_Greek&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ἔλλειψις&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;élleipsis&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;omisión&quot; o &quot;deficiencia&quot;; viene del verbo &lt;em&gt;elleípō&lt;/em&gt; &quot;faltar, quedarse corto, omitir&quot;. Se usó para nombrar una sección cónica (la que hoy conocemos como &lt;em&gt;elipse&lt;/em&gt;) que, al usar el método pitagórico de &quot;aplicación de áreas&quot;, daba un resultado con un defecto (menor al valor buscado). Al menos esto es lo que he entendido; no termino de visualizar cómo funciona el método.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra griega pasó al latín sin cambios (&lt;em&gt;ellīpsis&lt;/em&gt;), y con ambos significados, el literal (&quot;omisión&quot;) usado luego para la figura retórica y para la gramática, y el matemático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27166/14627&quot;&gt;respuesta de Charlie&lt;/a&gt;, me da la fuerte impresión de que los lexicógrafos de la RAE registraron el uso de &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;elipsis&lt;/em&gt; pero no cayeron en la cuenta de que la etimología era otra, quizá porque se trata de un tema bastante oscuro de la historia de las matemáticas, y porque desde siempre se han tratado a estas curvas como &quot;cónicas&quot;, atendiendo a su derivación geométrica a partir de planos que cortan conos, cosa bastante fácil de dibujar y visualizar, con lo cual el motivo de los nombres originales se olvidó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eclipse&lt;/em&gt; proviene del griego ἔκλειψις &lt;em&gt;ékleipsis&lt;/em&gt; &quot;ausencia, abandono&quot;, de ἐκ- &lt;em&gt;ek-&lt;/em&gt; (cognado del latín &lt;em&gt;ex-&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hacia afuera&quot;) y λείπω &lt;em&gt;leípō&lt;/em&gt; &quot;irse, marcharse&quot;. Es razonable que se haya usado &lt;em&gt;eclipsis&lt;/em&gt;, en forma más cercana al original, ya que es un cultismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T10:45:36.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27163" CreationDate="2018-08-24T10:52:22.497" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27165/14627&quot;&gt;parábola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27172/14627&quot;&gt;elipse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, el nombre de la sección cónica llamada &lt;em&gt;hipérbola&lt;/em&gt; le fue dado por Apolonio de Perge basándose en el resultado que daban estas curvas al utilizarlas para calcular con el método pitagórico de &quot;aplicación de áreas&quot;. La parábola daba un resultado balanceado, la elipse uno con defecto, la hipérbola uno con exceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El griego ὑπερβολή &lt;em&gt;hyperbolḗ&lt;/em&gt; significa precisamente &quot;exceso, exageración&quot;; la raíz es un verbo que significa &quot;poner por encima, arrojar por encima&quot;. Tanto la curva &lt;em&gt;hipérbola&lt;/em&gt; como la figura retórica &lt;em&gt;hipérbole&lt;/em&gt; derivan de esta palabra griega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-08-24T14:00:11.770" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T14:00:11.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27170" CreationDate="2018-08-24T11:04:21.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El paraguayo es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus_persica_var._platycarpa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Prunus persica var. platycarpa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. En todos los lugares donde he consultado dice que proviene de una &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frutasesther.es/ES/productos/Ficha.aspx?idf=paraguayo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutación del melocotón común proveniente de China&lt;/a&gt;, sin relación con el Paraguay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la primera vez que veo una imagen de esta fruta y no conocía en absoluto su nombre. En Argentina no consumimos gran variedad de frutas, a decir verdad, y de esta especie (nosotros decimos durazno, no melocotón) sólo hay dos variedades: el durazno común y el pelón (que no tiene pelusa), ambos bien esféricos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T11:04:21.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27171" CreationDate="2018-08-24T11:12:29.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not a documented answer, but as a Chilean and knowing that we Chilean like a lot to play with words, I would say it is just a deformation of the word &lt;strong&gt;parado&lt;/strong&gt;, and an assimilation to the word &lt;strong&gt;Paraguay&lt;/strong&gt;, just like when we rhetorically ask after stating something: ¿onofre?, we deform the original question ¿o no? and assimilate it to the name Onofre...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T11:12:29.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28199" CreationDate="2018-08-24T12:09:43.477" Score="1" ViewCount="1269" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la canción &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hsanfnRjZ4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Nardos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Sara Montiel me encontré con:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y el &lt;strong&gt;gomoso&lt;/strong&gt; que la ve&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Va y le dice venga usted&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A ponerme en la solapa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Lo que quiera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Nardos&lt;/em&gt;, de Sara Montiel. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/sara-montiel/1302144/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Letra completa en letras.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tirando del hilo, vi que el DLE la recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JKUk6s2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gomoso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. gummōsus.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que tiene goma o se parece a ella.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Med. Que padece gomas. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;pisaverde&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27157/1674&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de “pisaverde” como sinónimo de “gomoso”?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se explicó su origen y uso. Por tanto, ahora me centraré en &lt;em&gt;gomoso&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De este, el DAMER nos indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gomoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gomoso, -a.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  adj/sust. Co. Referido a persona, que tiene alguna goma o afición excesiva por algo. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  adj. Gu, Ho, ES, Ni. Referido a persona, que padece goma, resaca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  adj. PR. Referido a una sustancia, pegajosa, pringosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, tanto &lt;em&gt;gomoso&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;pisaverde&lt;/em&gt; son adjetivos para definir de forma algo peyorativa a un galán o más bien un ligón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la pregunta es obvia: ¿por qué de &lt;em&gt;goma&lt;/em&gt; se pasó a &lt;em&gt;gomoso&lt;/em&gt;? Es decir, ¿qué tiene la goma que dé lugar a calificar a alguien así? ¿Será el andar que tendría alguien cuyos zapatos son de goma y va, digamos, andando de forma un tanto peculiar, como rebotando en el suelo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T08:47:52.307" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;gomoso&quot; al hombre presumido y afeminado?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27170" CreationDate="2018-08-24T12:58:29.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera entrada de &lt;em&gt;paraguaya&lt;/em&gt; con tal definición aparece en 1936. Nótese que especifica que se usa esta palabra en &lt;em&gt;América&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paraguaya.&lt;/strong&gt; f. &lt;em&gt;Amér.&lt;/em&gt; Fruta de hueso semejante al pérsico y de sabor también parecido, de forma aplastada y de mucho consumo en Europa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (1936)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paraguayo&lt;/em&gt; lleva otra significación más antigua&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; en Bolivia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paraguayo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    m. &lt;em&gt;Bo:E.&lt;/em&gt; Rosquete hecho de azúcar, almidón y clavo de olor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=paraguayo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2010)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés los paraguayos (la fruta) son también conocidos como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/jul/15/doughnut-peach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;doughnut peach&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado todo esto, me parece probable que tome su nombre de los rosquetes por su forma similar (&amp;quot;doughnut-shaped&amp;quot;), como ha pasado en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mNF9l.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mNF9l.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; De hecho, esta fruta solía llamarse por otro nombre en España:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;— &lt;em&gt;melocotón tomatero&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;paraguayo&lt;/em&gt;: es «chato y chafado», la &lt;em&gt;piel&lt;/em&gt; rojiza&#xA;y la &lt;em&gt;carne&lt;/em&gt; blanca. Con este nombre se designa la variedad de carne&#xA;blanca llamada paraguayo; esta denominación es de reciente introducción,&#xA;pues para los mayores el único nombre conocido es el de &lt;em&gt;melocotón&#xA;tomatero.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4bds8iUZv7cC&amp;amp;dq=%22paraguayo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Denominaciones populares de las especies frutales en Alfaro (La Rioja)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1997)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; La primera entrada de &lt;em&gt;paraguayo&lt;/em&gt; con la definición de una especie de rosquete antecede a la de la fruta por dos décadas:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PARAGUAYO, YA&lt;/strong&gt; ... || &lt;em&gt;Amér.&lt;/em&gt; En Bolivia, rosquete de azúcar y almidón.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, Alemany y Bolufer (1917)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; No eres la primera en preguntarse esto:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Se llama, &amp;quot;La Paraguaya&amp;quot;. La denominación nos sorprendió y, lógico, inmediatamente indagamos su genealogía, su procedencia. &amp;quot;La Paraguaya&amp;quot; es una especie de melocotón, de la familia del durazno. Petiza.  Jugosa. Riquísima. Pero, de dónde venía su nombre? Era un misterio que nos intrigó y nos lanzó en pos de su revelación. Nadie, entre nuestras amistades, escapó de la indagación, del interrogatorio. Todos sin embargo estuvieron contestes en acusar la más sorprendente ignorancia. Por ello, el enigma se mantuvo.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Como tantas cosas populares, &amp;quot;La Paraguaya&amp;quot; tiene también el origen de su apelativo perdido en la noche inmemorial. Puede haber llegado a España acompañando el regreso de los viejos señores de la aventura o con algún indiano reintegrado al solar patricio. O tal vez, nació en la trama desconocida y romancesca de...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UMsQAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por los caminos del viejo mundo: visión de un periodista paraguayo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Sindulfo Martínez (1964)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-08-10T13:31:23.073" LastActivityDate="2020-08-10T13:31:23.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27171" CreationDate="2018-08-24T14:11:42.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si hay algo complicado de entender es como los chilenos — y me incluyo — somos capaces de modificar y/o deformar expresiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando a uno le dicen &lt;em&gt;a la paraguaya&lt;/em&gt;, lo primero que se hace es cuestionar qué es.&#xA;Muchos utilizan la expresión sin conocer su significado; esto deja una interrogante.&#xA;Sin embargo, quienes la conocen te dirán la definición — o alguna explicación parecida — de lo que en realidad es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede que la coincidencia sea por el inicio de cada palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;guaya&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt;do&lt;/em&gt;, que es lo que ya se mencionó en otra respuesta, pero los orígenes pueden llegar a ser aún más arcanos; además, si hay algo que es pan de cada día de nosotros, es llegar y usar expresión porque se nos dio la gana y, en muchos casos, ni siquiera porque exista alguna correlación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-24T14:11:42.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26436" CreationDate="2018-08-25T05:42:58.880" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gracias por el razonamiento tan extenso, sin embargo tal como indicas usar &lt;code&gt;escalar&lt;/code&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;hacer escala&lt;/code&gt; me parece un error gramatical del autor de la nota de prensa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de &lt;code&gt;hacer escala&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;escala&lt;/code&gt; para una embarcación que atraca temporalmente en un puerto para continuar después su camino, parece ser el hecho de tener que soltar la escala (escalera naval simple de madera y cuerda) para que el personal desembarcara o abordara de vuelta la embarcación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo la acción y el significado del verbo &lt;code&gt;escalar&lt;/code&gt; está muy bien definido y no se debería usar en el caso descrito de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque siempre se podría decir: Embarqué escalando una vieja escala de cuerda durante nuestra escala en Lisboa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="339" LastActivityDate="2018-08-25T05:42:58.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27182" CreationDate="2018-08-25T07:35:54.577" Score="6" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do we say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el cepillo del pelo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el cepillo &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; dientes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rather than &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el cepillo &lt;strong&gt;de los&lt;/strong&gt; dientes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18996" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T06:22:36.850" Title="Why is the article not present in the phrase *el cepillo de dientes*" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27181" CreationDate="2018-08-25T13:18:44.813" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cepillo de dientes&lt;/em&gt; is a recognizable, often-used expression that points to a specific kind of object that is also used often, so it works as a fixed phrase. It's the kind of phrase that in a language like English or German would tend to form a single-word compound. In Spanish &lt;em&gt;cepillo de dientes&lt;/em&gt; forms a three-word &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_phrase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nominal phrase&lt;/a&gt; that goes together as if it were a single noun, and you cannot change its parts (e.g. you cannot say &lt;em&gt;cepillo de los dientes&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cepillo para dientes&lt;/em&gt;; it would be understood but sounds very odd). You also have &lt;em&gt;pasta de dientes&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;toothpaste&quot;), which is also a fixed phrase, and these two in a way reinforce each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing one uses for brushing one's hair is called &lt;em&gt;cepillo&lt;/em&gt; alone in most cases, just as the thing one uses for brushing clothes or fabric or the fur of one's pet. &lt;em&gt;Cepillo&lt;/em&gt; is a very general term and it covers all that. You add a specifier like &lt;em&gt;de la ropa&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;para el pelo&lt;/em&gt; only when the context doesn't make it clear, and these specifiers work like normal Spanish phrases: you can change them a bit, since they don't form fixed phrases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end there's no reason, as such, why some expressions are fixed in a way and not in another, and some other expressions are freer; you just have to learn them as they come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-09T06:22:36.850" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T06:22:36.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27181" CreationDate="2018-08-25T14:57:41.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, the use of articles or prepositions in Spanish do not bear any resemblance — it may in some cases, but this is not a rule; we do, nevertheless, use set phrases when it comes to article or preposition placing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated by Pablo's answer, you'll have to learn these set expressions as part of phrases; although, if it's of any consolation, this is the same problem with which we, as non-native speakers, have to deal as part of our English language learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-25T14:57:41.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26765" CreationDate="2018-08-25T20:38:02.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay una oposición: puede ser que &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; viene últimamente de &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; &quot;negro&quot; &lt;strong&gt;vía&lt;/strong&gt; la otra significación de &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;gitano&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia nos ofrece esta hipótesis, que el endónimo del pueblo viene del color:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cal%C3%B3_language#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etymology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calé&lt;/em&gt; is the endonym of the Romani people in Iberia, and &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;the language spoken by the &lt;em&gt;calé&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. However, the &lt;em&gt;calé&lt;/em&gt; are commonly known in Portuguese- and Spanish-speaking countries by the exonyms &lt;em&gt;ciganos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;gitanos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; and other varieties of Romani, &lt;em&gt;kalo&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;black&quot;... hence closely resembling words for &quot;black&quot; and/or &quot;dark&quot; in Indo-Aryan languages (e.g. Sanskrit काल &lt;em&gt;kāla&lt;/em&gt; &quot;black&quot;, &quot;of a dark colour&quot;). &lt;strong&gt;Hence &lt;em&gt;caló&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;calé&lt;/em&gt; may have originated as ancient exonyms. For instance, the name of the Domba people,&lt;/strong&gt; whom the Romani, Sinti and Kale people are now believed to havex emerged,&lt;sup&gt;[7]&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;also implies &quot;dark-skinned&quot; in some Indian languages.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[8]&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0048477&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup H1a1a-M82 Reveals the Likely Indian Origin of the European Romani Populations&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, N. Rai et al. (2012)&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8. &lt;em&gt;Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and their Journey&lt;/em&gt;, Isabel Fonseca (p.100)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más información sobre las entradas de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/bitstream/handle/11222.digilib/124078/SpisyFF_389-2010-1_8.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El léxico gitano en la lexicografía española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (5.26 calé, 5.27 caló)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y términos afines en caló:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CALÓ, LLÍ.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  adj. Atezado, moreno, a. || A SUETÍ CALLÍ; el pueblo gitano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CALORRÓ, Í.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  s. Gitano, a (moderno, en oposicion á ZINCALÓ, gitano primitivo). || E BATÍ ON BATÍ ABILLELO SINANDO CALORRÓ; de generacion en generacion vengo siendo gitano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ZINCALÓ, LLÍ.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  s. Gitano, a. (Más propiamente &lt;em&gt;gitano primitivo.&lt;/em&gt;) || CALORRÓS ACHIBÉ NA CHIBAN DRAO ON AS BRAJÍAS, SATA ZINCALÉS YE CHIRÓ PURÓ; los gitanos hoy dia no envenenan los ganados como los gitanos de los antiguos tiempos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Diccionario_gitano/Vocabulario_cal%C3%B3-castellano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario gitano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Francisco Quindalé&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T12:11:38.287" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T12:11:38.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12732" CreationDate="2018-08-26T09:50:45.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Cómo te va&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest translation of &amp;quot;cómo te va&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;how is it going&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Cómo te va&amp;quot; is quite similar in meaning to &amp;quot;cómo estás&amp;quot;, it's just a bit more informal and colloquial. &amp;quot;Cómo te va&amp;quot; can also be used to ask about more specific events, whereas &amp;quot;cómo estás&amp;quot; is just for a casual greeting or to query someone's wellbeing in that moment. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/difference-between-como-estas-and-como-te-va/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; explains the difference further and has some useful examples of when you'd use each one. However, in most situations they'd be interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cómo te vas/Cómo se va&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Cómo te vas&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;cómo se va&amp;quot; are essentially the same, they only differ in terms of formality (or who you're talking to).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cómo te vas - 2nd person singular in an informal setting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cómo se va - 2nd person singular in a formal setting OR third person singular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, it's not a very common expression and would only be used if you're talking specifically about the manner in which someone is leaving. It would be more natural to use the verb &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; (without the reflexive pronoun) to ask how someone is getting somewehere: &amp;quot;Cómo vas a la escuela hoy&amp;quot;. Even more natural sounding would be to use the verb &amp;quot;llegar&amp;quot;. Like someone wrote above, &amp;quot;como se va&amp;quot; can also mean &amp;quot;how does one go/get to X place&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19794" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T09:50:45.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27187" CreationDate="2018-08-26T11:38:35.820" Score="1" ViewCount="2333" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, you can say a dish is hot and spicy. &quot;Hot&quot; refers to the burning sensation from chilli and &quot;spicy&quot; is being flavoured with or fragrant with spice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know in Khmer you have a specific word for hotness of chilli and another for temperature. Using the &quot;hot&quot; for temperature when referring to dishes will not make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, is it valid to use &quot;caliente&quot; to refer to hotness of chillis (i.e. the burning sensation and not temperature)? Is there a one-to-one equivalent translation of &quot;hot and spicy&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20033" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T08:57:55.223" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T08:57:55.223" Title="Is it valid to use &quot;caliente&quot; to refer to hotness of chillis? Is there a one-to-one equivalent translation of &quot;hot and spicy&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27186" CreationDate="2018-08-26T11:56:27.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, when speaking about food, &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt; refers to temperature (for example, some soups are served hot and some are served cold).  &lt;em&gt;Picante&lt;/em&gt; refers to the burning effect of chile, garlic, pepper and other spicy ingredients.  If you want to describe a dish or a variety of chile as being particularly strong, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pica mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's too strong:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pica demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't contain any of this type of ingredient:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No pica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you suddenly feel uncomfortable because of eating some chile that's too strong for you, you would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me enchilé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you're speaking figuratively, sometimes the common way to say that something packs a lot of punch is &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;.  For example, in the realm of salsa music (&lt;em&gt;música tropical&lt;/em&gt;), English praise would be that the musicians were &quot;cooking&quot; and that the music was &quot;hot.&quot;  In Spanish you could use &quot;caliente&quot; in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T11:56:27.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27168" CreationDate="2018-08-26T13:41:21.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo el corpus de portugués mencionado en los comentarios, observo que &lt;em&gt;palpite&lt;/em&gt; aparece varias veces con su valor de &quot;corazonada&quot; o &quot;intuición repentina&quot; o quizá &quot;impulso&quot; en obras del último cuarto del s. XIX, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;José de Alencar, &lt;em&gt;Senhora&lt;/em&gt; (1875): &lt;em&gt;«Não são negócios que se resolvem assim de palpite.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raúl Pompéia, &lt;em&gt;As joias de Coroa&lt;/em&gt; (1882): &lt;em&gt;«Queria ver que valor tinha um palpite que lhe viera à toa.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aluízio Azevedo, &lt;em&gt;Casa de pensão&lt;/em&gt; (1890): &lt;em&gt;«Acredita, Loló, que desde a chegada do Amâncio, tive cá um palpite de que aquela mulher seria um estorvo para os nossos projetos!»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También aparece varias veces la palabra, en esa misma época, en el corpus de al menos dos escritores portugueses, lo cual indica que al menos esta acepción era conocida en Portugal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jílio Dínis, &lt;em&gt;Os fidalgos da casa mourisca&lt;/em&gt; (1871): &lt;em&gt;«A baronesa adivinhou logo que era Berta e aplaudiu-se do palpite que a fizera desviar do caminho para subir ali.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eça de Queirós, &lt;em&gt;O primo Basílio&lt;/em&gt; (1882): «Mas um terror importuno tolhia-a; sentia como um palpite de que ele vinha, ia entrar...»&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera que &lt;em&gt;palpite&lt;/em&gt; existía con valor de &quot;corazonada&quot; o &quot;impulso&quot; ya en Portugal y Brasil en las últimas tres décadas del siglo XIX, y probablemente antes, ya que si una nueva acepción de una palabra aparece en el registro literario en un determinado momento es porque ya existía con anterioridad en el habla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo extraño del caso es cómo de &lt;em&gt;palpite&lt;/em&gt; se pasa a &lt;em&gt;pálpito&lt;/em&gt;, con un cambio de acentuación, salvo que &lt;em&gt;pálpito&lt;/em&gt; ya fuese palabra corriente en castellano en ese momento con el significado que hoy reservamos para &lt;em&gt;palpitación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T13:41:21.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27181" CreationDate="2018-08-26T14:05:32.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cepillo de dientes, toothbrush, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuarto de baño, bathroom&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;casa de playa, beach house&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuarto de invitados (dormitorio), guest room&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use 'de', it means what comes after it is specifically connected to the function of the noun, as opposed to 'del' or 'de la'. It is connected to a specific quality of the noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say &lt;strong&gt;mi casa de playa&lt;/strong&gt;, you mean your beach house, which is not a casa de la playa, which &lt;strong&gt;would  imply&lt;/strong&gt; the beach has a house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;strong&gt;la ropa de la chica&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;the clothes that belong to the girl&lt;/strong&gt; (some girl, in a conversation); whereas &lt;strong&gt;ropa de chica&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;girls' clothes&lt;/strong&gt;, as opposed to boys' clothes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just an explanation for a beginner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T09:55:16.573" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T09:55:16.573" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27195" CreationDate="2018-08-26T14:51:44.963" Score="4" ViewCount="395" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, we say &quot;you&quot; when referring to a hypothetical person (for example, &quot;the shop allows you to pay without cash&quot; where you refers to people in general). Would it be the same in Spanish or can you use third person?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que &lt;strong&gt;quieres&lt;/strong&gt; decir sin censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que &lt;strong&gt;quiere&lt;/strong&gt; decir sin censura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18494" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T09:00:48.547" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T09:00:48.547" Title="When referring to a hypothetical person, does Spanish use second or third person?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27190" CreationDate="2018-08-26T15:42:19.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are both correct. The first one, in particular, could refer to you and any other people; the second choice is formal and educated, and you could use it with older people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20034" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-08-26T15:47:36.670" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T15:47:36.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18812" CreationDate="2018-08-26T18:16:11.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;malculino&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;femenino&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m&lt;/strong&gt;adre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;adre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;m&lt;/strong&gt;adrastr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;adrastr&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;co&lt;strong&gt;m&lt;/strong&gt;adre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;com&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;adre&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras son de distintas raíces indoeuropeas, pero en sus formas actuales castellanas tienen casi la misma ortografía y desde esta perspectiva forman el femenino de una manera irregular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay las formas desusadas de tu ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;malculino&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;femenino&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=fijadalgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fij&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;dalgo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=fijodalgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fij&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;dalgo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T15:32:53.373" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T15:32:53.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27190" CreationDate="2018-08-26T19:08:37.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are both correct. Which one is the best, that will depend on the context. If you are writing a text in a book or article, or if you are writing a more formal text, or yet- if you are writing to people you may not know - you might want to stick to the 3rd person (usted). If you are writing to friends, to people you know and have a relationship with or in a less formal context such as social media - you might want to stick with 2nd person (tú).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English it's pretty much the same, right? Using your example - you might say as well &quot;the shop allows &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt; to pay without cash&quot; - and that would be an example of using 3rd person instead of 2nd person in English...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20037" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T19:08:37.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27176" CreationDate="2018-08-26T19:14:44.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que venga del uso de goma en la ropa para que quede más estirada... Un gomoso es una persona que seria presumido y por ello usaria ropa con goma...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20037" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T19:14:44.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27190" CreationDate="2018-08-26T19:34:49.980" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the other answers are essentially correct, I think there are a couple of details left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your two sentences are grammatically correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que quieres decir sin censura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que quiere decir sin censura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Number 1 has an implied &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, that is, the second person singular personal pronoun, which is informal. This sentence works as a general statement exactly in the same way as it would in English with &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But number 2 has a small problem: the verb appears in the third person singular, but the implied pronoun could be a third person singular one (&lt;em&gt;él, ella&lt;/em&gt;) or the formal second person singular &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. (The fact that &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; takes a 3rd person verb doesn't make it less of a 2nd person pronoun.) If you're talking to someone that you would address as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, the sentence will &lt;strong&gt;probably&lt;/strong&gt; be understood as a general statement, as with number 1. But if not (if you're talking to a close friend, for example), it will sound like you're referring to some (unknown) third person (some &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;), and therefore it will be confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So sentence number 2 should probably use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; explicitly if you're trying to be formal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir sin censura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two more common and less awkward ways to express this kind of general statement. One is using the pronoun &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; (like English &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt;), with the verb in the third person singular as in sentence number 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que &lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir sin censura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other is using an impersonal construction with the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La libertad de expresión es el derecho de decir lo que &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; quiere decir sin censura.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it looks like a simple substitution, using the &quot;impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is a bit more complicated, so I'll leave it at that, only mentioning it for the sake of completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these solutions (with &lt;em&gt;uno&lt;/em&gt; and with the &quot;impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) are neutral with respect to the hearer, i.e. you can use them equally correctly with people that you address as &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; or with those that you address as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T19:34:49.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27197" CreationDate="2018-08-26T22:46:30.670" Score="2" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that &quot;esto&quot; can be used when referring to an idea but I have seen cases where &quot;este&quot; or &quot;esta&quot; is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque el proyecto de ley fue rechazado, &lt;strong&gt;esta&lt;/strong&gt; ha sido la primera vez que la iniciativa de aprobar el aborto llega tan lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;esta&quot; is referring to an idea but it is saying that it is &quot;la primera vez&quot; which is feminine. Is this why &quot;esta&quot; is used instead of &quot;esto&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18494" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T09:02:00.557" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:28:37.833" Title="Este/Esta/Esto when referring to an idea" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27196" CreationDate="2018-08-26T23:40:08.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the sentence is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Esta ha sido la primera vez &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;La primera vez&quot; is the subject, and it's feminine, so &quot;esta&quot; must be feminine too. You're right: it's referring to &quot;primera vez&quot;, not to the &quot;idea&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-08-26T23:40:08.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27196" CreationDate="2018-08-27T06:18:18.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In these kind of sentences, &lt;em&gt;este/esta&lt;/em&gt; acts as a pronoun. If you want to know which noun it is replacing, just convert it into an adjective by moving the corresponding noun in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta ha sido la primera vez que la iniciativa de aprobar el aborto llega tan lejos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esta vez ha sido la primera que la iniciativa de aprobar el aborto llega tan lejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do this with any sentence of this kind. The resulting senteces will only make sense if you move the right noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este es el último arroz que cocino, me salen fatal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Este arroz es el último que cocino, me salen fatal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este es el mejor día de mi vida.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Este día es el mejor de mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta será la primera visita que hago a mi padre en años.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esta visita será la primera que hago a mi padre en años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De todos los cuadros que he visto, este es el que más me gusta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De todos los que he visto, este cuadro es el que más me gusta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also mention &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt;, but this word can act only as a pronoun, you cannot turn it into an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto es lo mejor que me ha pasado en la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case &lt;em&gt;esto&lt;/em&gt; replaces something that is not present in the sentence, something that has probably been mentioned before in the conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T09:02:54.803" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T09:02:54.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27200" CreationDate="2018-08-27T12:50:24.070" Score="2" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le pregunté quién le había dado esa paliza. Mientras se rascaba el&#xA;  barro del pantalón, me contestó furioso que había sido &lt;strong&gt;el descastado&#xA;  de su hijo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo la duda que &lt;em&gt;el descastado&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;su hijo&lt;/em&gt;, por qué dice “&lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; su hijo” que me parece &lt;em&gt;&quot;de alguien de su hijo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, si dice en otra manera, ¿puedo decir “...&lt;em&gt;había sido de su hijo, el cual / lo que era un descastado&lt;/em&gt;”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T14:05:03.973" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T14:05:03.973" Title="¿Qué significa “de” en &quot;el descastado de su hijo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2018-08-27T13:01:40.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una buena pregunta. En español, existe esa estructura, que es un poco extraña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, la palabra &quot;de&quot; no es posesivo, sino solamente un enlace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;El descastado de su hijo&quot; = &quot; su hijo, &lt;strong&gt;que es muy&lt;/strong&gt; descastado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una estructura un poco extraña. Descastado es &lt;strong&gt;el hijo&lt;/strong&gt;, no &quot;alguien del hijo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, a veces se usan estructuras como esta; habitualmente con sentido peyorativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El idiota de su padre = Su padre, que es un idiota.&#xA;La buenaza de su amiga = Su amiga, que es una buenaza.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta estructura significa lo mismo que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Su hijo, que está hecho un descastado.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T13:01:40.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2018-08-27T13:53:08.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario de la RAE recoge este uso de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtFYznp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prep. U. para reforzar un calificativo. &lt;em&gt;El bueno de Pedro. El pícaro del mozo. La taimada de la patrona.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al contrario que en otras acepciones en las que sí se indica que se usa para expresar pertenencia, aquí simplemente se usa para reforzar un calificativo, ayudando a unirlo con el calificado. Así, &lt;em&gt;el descastado de su hijo&lt;/em&gt; equivale a &lt;em&gt;su descastado hijo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, otras formas de decir la frase serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me contestó furioso que había sido su descastado hijo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Me contestó furioso que había sido su hijo, que era un descastado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te resulta más fácil verlo como una relación de posesión o pertenencia, se podría decir que esta relación sería entre el hijo y el grupo de las personas descastadas: el grupo de los descastados contiene al hijo (este pertenece al grupo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, la definición que da el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1732) nos da una pista para distinguir este uso de la preposición (escritura adaptada):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se usa familiarmente y con gran frecuencia interpuesto entre dos nombres para mayor viveza de la expresión, y aunque suena como genitivo de posesión no lo es, porque los dos nombres están concertados en un mismo caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que si dices &quot;la casa de mi padre&quot;, los casos (género y número) son independientes para &lt;em&gt;casa&lt;/em&gt; y para &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;: podrías decir &quot;las casas de mi padre&quot; o &quot;la casa de mi madre&quot; o &quot;la casa de mis padres&quot; y las expresiones resultantes seguirían siendo gramaticalmente válidas. Pero si cambias &lt;em&gt;el descastado de su hijo&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;la descastada de su hija&lt;/em&gt; fíjate que tienes que cambiar el género en ambos casos obligatoriamente, y también el número: &lt;em&gt;las descastadas de sus hijas&lt;/em&gt;. Esto indica sin lugar a dudas que &lt;em&gt;descastado&lt;/em&gt; no es más que un adjetivo de &lt;em&gt;hijo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T14:00:48.500" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T14:00:48.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27203" CreationDate="2018-08-27T15:21:48.737" Score="2" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un hombre en calzones, de semblante turbado, me cortó el paso y me&#xA;  arrastró en volandas hasta el pozo. &lt;strong&gt;Allí me extrajo solícito un cubo&#xA;  de agua&lt;/strong&gt; y, acto seguido, corrió de nuevo a su casa escabullándose como&#xA;  un ratón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No será que falta el “lo” (el agua) entre &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;extrajo&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T15:54:34.887" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T15:54:34.887" Title="¿No será que falta el “lo” (el agua) entre *me* y *extrajo*?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27202" CreationDate="2018-08-27T15:52:26.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, porque &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; es un pronombre, y como tal sustituye a un nombre que ha sido ya mencionado y tanto hablante como receptor entienden (&lt;code&gt;se refiere siempre a un sustantivo mencionado en el contexto que reproduce anafóricamente, para no tener que repetir el mismo sustantivo constantemente&lt;/code&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que ese &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; sustituiría al cubo de agua, su uso sería redundante, ya que en la misma frase se está mencionando al cubo de agua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quería un &lt;strong&gt;cubo de agua&lt;/strong&gt; y ese hombre me &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; extrajo solícito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;porque eso es equivalente a &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quería un &lt;strong&gt;cubo de agua&lt;/strong&gt; y ese hombre me extrajo solícito un &lt;strong&gt;cubo de agua&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que es para lo que sirve el pronombre, para evitar esa repetición. En el caso que citas en la pregunta esa repetición no existe y el objeto (el cubo de agua) no ha sido mencionado previamente, por lo que no se puede usar ahí un pronombre (a menos que quede claro por el contexto o texto que no se incluye en la cita que ese &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; hace referencia al cubo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Lo%20pronombre%20neutro.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pronombre personal neutro lo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T15:52:26.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-27T16:13:57.853" Score="1" ViewCount="3333" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/echarse+una+novia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reverso Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Echarse&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(uso enfático)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;echarse una novia (to get o.s. a girlfriend)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué dice que se trata de un uso enfático del vocablo “echarse&quot;? ¿Cómo puede enfatizar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T06:52:18.753" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T06:52:18.753" Title="Significado de “echarse una novia”" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27204" CreationDate="2018-08-27T17:22:34.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este sentido, &amp;quot;echarse&amp;quot; tiene el significado de comenzar.  Puede enfatizar que no comiences una relación.  Es una recomendación dura y enfática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te recomiendo que no comiences una relación con una novia por que te costará mucho dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/echar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/echar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;29.) Entablar determinada relación con una persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;echarse novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T17:44:12.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14993" CreationDate="2018-08-27T17:36:47.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En wikipedia aparecen unos cuantos en la entrada del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangrama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pangrama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;José compró una vieja zampoña en Perú. Excusándose, Sofía tiró su whisky al desagüe de la banqueta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cadáver de Wamba, rey godo de España, fue exhumado y trasladado en una caja de zinc que pesó un kilo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña tocaba el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja (Para las fuentes de Microsoft).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El viejo Señor Gómez pedía queso, kiwi y habas, pero le ha tocado un saxofón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jovencillo emponzoñado de whisky: ¡qué figurota exhibe! (para la fuentes tipográficas bajo las distribuciones GNU/Linux).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whisky bueno: ¡excitad mi frágil pequeña vejez!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere la boca exhausta vid, kiwi, piña y fugaz jamón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cien kilogramos pesó el extranjero, que vive y se exhibe fumando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pingüino Wenceslao hizo kilómetros bajo exhaustiva lluvia y frío, añoraba a su querido cachorro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con especial énfasis en los siguientes, que denomina &amp;quot;perfectos&amp;quot; por  usar todas las letras del idioma, con y sin marcas diacríticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De una sola narración) Benjamín pidió una bebida de kiwi y fresa. Noé, sin vergüenza, la más exquisita champaña del menú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De una sola narración) Jovencillo emponzoñado de whisky, ¡qué figurota exhibe!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De dos narraciones) José compró en Perú una vieja zampoña. Excusándose, Sofía tiró su whisky al desagüe de la banqueta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(De dos narraciones) El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña tocaba el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos otros de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.somoswaka.com/blog/2016/09/pangrama-visualizar-tipografias/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le gustaba cenar un exquisito sándwich de jamón con zumo de piña y vodka frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es extraño mojar queso en la cerveza y probar whisky de garrafa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bebo whisky porque extraño mi loca juventud fugaz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T17:36:47.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27208" CreationDate="2018-08-27T17:46:17.020" Score="4" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una palabra en español para definir &quot;Brew&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés normalmente &quot;brew&quot; es solamente una parte del proceso al hablar de la elaboración de alguna bebida que requiere calentar, reposar y mezclar. Es por eso que se usa tanto como para té, café y cerveza. Sin embargo no se utiliza para vino u otros fermentos que no requieren la parte de &quot;hervir&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si traducimos &quot;Brew&quot; directamente al español los &quot;traductores&quot; nos arrojarán simplemente &quot;Preparar cerveza&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe una palabra en español que englobe este proceso y pueda ser utilizado para sus contrapartes en inglés que no sea &quot;preparar&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T06:50:39.413" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T06:50:39.413" Title="Traducción de &quot;brew&quot; al español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27207" CreationDate="2018-08-27T17:54:27.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Elaborar cerveza: brew beer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema se discute en el interesante artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cervezalasagra.es/el-arte-de-elaborar-cerveza/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El arte de elaborar cerveza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (de una sociedad de cerveza artesanal, La Sagra,) del cual cito una parte pertinente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &quot;Acepción 1. Transformar una cosa u obtener un producto por medio de un trabajo adecuado. Acepción 2. Idea o inventar algo complejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así define el diccionario de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua ‘elaborar’, una palabra que en el imaginario popular transmite sensación de calma, de trabajo hecho sin prisas. &lt;strong&gt;Elaborar no es lo mismo que Hacer, por mucho que el resultado final pueda parecerlo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la cerveza, no es lo mismo ‘elaborar’ que ‘producir’ o ‘fabricar’. La cerveza artesana se elabora. Es un trabajo casi de orfebre, pero en el que es necesario apostar por la innovación para adecuarse a los tiempos que vivimos.&quot; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;elaborar&lt;/em&gt; también sirve para la preparación de café. Véase por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://cafeslabrasilena.es/blog/consejos-para-elaborar-un-cafe-espresso/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Consejos para elaborar un café Espresso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T06:49:28.150" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T06:49:28.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27204" CreationDate="2018-08-27T20:46:58.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que hace énfasis por las connotaciones del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Echarse una novia significa &quot;conseguir&quot; una novia. Es comenzar una relación, sí, pero denota un cierto &quot;logro&quot;. Por eso digo que significa &quot;conseguir&quot;. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La invitó a tomar café y a los pocos días se la echó de novia.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene connotaciones de &quot;ganar&quot;, en definitiva. Por eso puede ser algo enfático; aunque más que énfasis, yo creo que simplemente es que tiene este significado de &quot;conseguir&quot;. Por cierto, es una expresión informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T20:46:58.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27213" CreationDate="2018-08-28T03:54:23.527" Score="1" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;He oído esta frase en un programa de radio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, queridos oyentes, quizá algunos estén en pleno de vacaciones, o hayan vuelto &lt;strong&gt;allá&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt; aquí? ¿Sería “there”? Pero cuando dice “allá”, ¿no es un lugar conocido por el locutor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, no estoy segura de que haya oído bien lo de “allá”. Esa pronunciación la oí al principio del programa de radio. Si está mal, ¿qué palabra podría ser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T09:51:27.263" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T09:51:27.263" Title="¿Qué significa “allá” en &quot;Quizá algunos estén en pleno de vacaciones, o hayan vuelto *allá*&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27204" CreationDate="2018-08-28T06:09:52.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ignoro por qué ese diccionario indica que es un uso enfático del verbo &lt;em&gt;echar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario de la RAE, la acepción que buscas dice simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EJtx4Yo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;echar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;48&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de una persona: Entablar determinada relación con otra. &lt;em&gt;Echarse novia. Echarse un amigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción es muy reciente, presente en el diccionario desde 1970 con casi la misma redacción. En ningún momento se ha indicado que es un uso enfático.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, el caso más antiguo que he encontrado en el CORDE es de principios del siglo XX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Es un momento solemne el de la entrada en la segunda enseñanza. Para unos marca el uso del pantalón largo, para otros el del reló, para casi todos el principio de la edad del pavo y de echarse novia, para algunos el de las concupiscencias del saber.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Unamuno, &quot;Recuerdos de niñez y de mocedad&quot;, 1908 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T06:09:52.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27210" CreationDate="2018-08-28T07:10:58.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin más datos que los mostrados, yo me atrevería a decir que la frase que oíste fue la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hola, queridos oyentes, quizá algunos estén en plenas vacaciones, o hayan vuelto ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría ser que el locutor hubiera dicho realmente &lt;em&gt;allá&lt;/em&gt;, pero como expresé en los comentarios, se deberían dar un cúmulo de circunstancias para que fuera posible. Por ejemplo, que el locutor fuera de una emisora local y estuviera hablando desde fuera de la ciudad local de la emisora, y el público conociera ese detalle. Demasiado rebuscado porque eso además daría por cierto que la gente se va de vacaciones fuera de la ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T09:06:58.827" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T09:06:58.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27217" CreationDate="2018-08-28T08:23:42.863" Score="3" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me fijé hoy en la palabra &lt;em&gt;otrora&lt;/em&gt;, un cultismo que hoy es la &lt;em&gt;Palabra del día&lt;/em&gt; del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RLQWGdT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;otrora&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De otra hora.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. cult. En otro tiempo, en un tiempo pasado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que viene de otra y hora, ¿por qué se cae la &quot;h&quot; y no se dice &quot;otrhora&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inicialmente pensé que sería una palabra antigua y que aplicaría lo explicado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/10329/1674&quot;&gt;Revisions of Spanish orthography / ¿Qué revisiones ha tenido la ortografía española?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1754&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://bivaldi.gva.es/es/consulta/registro.cmd?id=6648&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de la lengua castellana&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Removed the “erudite” spellings &lt;sub&gt;(their words in the 1803 intro, not mine)&lt;/sub&gt;, mainly &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /k/ and &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt; but not completely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo cual la &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt; se habría eliminado. Sin embargo, luego vi que &lt;em&gt;otrora&lt;/em&gt; no es tan antigua, en 1754 faltaban casi doscientos años para que esta palabra se incluyera en el diccionario, que el NTLLE nos marca en 1936:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otrora. adv. m. En otro tiempo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;1936 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego uno diría: vale, es que la forma &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt; no puede habitar en el idioma castellano. Pero es que si en el DLE buscamos &quot;rh&quot; marcando &quot;contiene&quot; encontramos una lista no desdeñable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;aclorhidria&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;aclorhídrico, ca&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;carhuacino, na&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;clorhidrato&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;clorhídrico, ca&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;dírham&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;dírhem&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;fluorhídrico&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;hiperclorhidria&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;hiperclorhídrico, ca&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;hiperhidrosis&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;hipoclorhidria&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;hipoclorhídrico, ca&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;parhelia&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;parhelio&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;parhilera&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;pirhuín&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;poderhabiente&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;superhéroe, ína&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;superheroína&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;superheterodino&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;superhombre&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;superhumeral&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;tarhui&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo ello, mi duda inicial persiste: ¿por qué escribimos &lt;em&gt;otrora&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;otrhora&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T11:26:20.570" Title="¿Por qué escribimos &quot;otrora&quot; y no &quot;otrhora&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27214" CreationDate="2018-08-28T09:05:57.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas, casi todas las palabras de la lista tienen algo en común, y es que la parte de cada palabra que empieza por &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; proviene de un sufijo independiente: &lt;em&gt;-hídrico&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-hidrosis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-helio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-habiente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-héroe&lt;/em&gt;... y eso hace que al separar las sílabas de cada palabra se permita dejar esa parte aislada: &lt;em&gt;clor-hí-dri-co&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;po-der-ha-bien-te&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;su-per-hé-ro-e&lt;/em&gt;, y no &lt;em&gt;clo-rhí-dri-co&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;po-de-rha-bien-te&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;su-pe-rhé-ro-e&lt;/em&gt;. Incluso las que provienen de otro idioma, como &lt;em&gt;pirhuín&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tarhui&lt;/em&gt;, si miras en sus definiciones la primera equivale a &lt;em&gt;pirgüín&lt;/em&gt;, y con esa pronunciación se separaría así: &lt;em&gt;pir-huín&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;pi-rhuín&lt;/em&gt;. Y la segunda procede de &lt;em&gt;tarwi&lt;/em&gt;, que haría que su pronunciación fuese &lt;em&gt;tar-hui&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;otrora&lt;/em&gt; no hay otra forma de separar la palabra que no sea &lt;em&gt;o-tro-ra&lt;/em&gt;. Si fuese con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; tendríamos una sílaba &lt;em&gt;trho&lt;/em&gt;, que es lo que no se permite dado el actual ideal de correspondencia biunívoca entre grafemas y fonemas. Cito la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía 2010&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] el ideal de correspodencia biunívoca entre grafemas y fonemas ha estado muy presente en la configuración del sistema ortográfico del español y ha guiado la toma de no pocas decisiones de gran calado [...]. A ello responde, por ejemplo, la decisión [...] de suprimir la &lt;em&gt;ç&lt;/em&gt; para representar el fonema /z/ [...]; o la tomada en la ortografía académica de 1754 de eliminar las grafías latinizantes &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rh&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt;, sustituidas, respectivamente, por &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;qu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que no podemos representar un sonido &lt;em&gt;tro&lt;/em&gt; usando otra sílaba que no sea esta, para no romper la correspondencia entre grafemas y fonemas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, si esto no es suficiente, recordemos que la RAE simplemente se limita a registrar la expresión escrita. Si buscamos en el CORDE encontramos multitud de casos de &lt;em&gt;otrora&lt;/em&gt; pero ninguno de &lt;em&gt;othrora&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que la primera fue la voz que registró.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T11:26:20.570" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T11:26:20.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-28T09:24:28.443" Score="6" ViewCount="8057" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna diferencia entre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;autopista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;carretera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ajá, sé que mi duda no está muy relacionada con el español, sino con las diferencias de características entre los dos objectos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado el diccionario RAE y también las imágenes en Google (cualquier imagen confunde). Me parece que son parecidos y no veo la diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T18:11:56.490" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T12:47:50.947" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;autopista&quot; y &quot;carretera&quot;" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27218" CreationDate="2018-08-28T09:33:53.943" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7gxxR8n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carretera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es el término general para los caminos por los que transitan (o pueden transitar) vehículos:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Camino público, ancho y espacioso, pavimentado y dispuesto para el tránsito de vehículos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/axtxc.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/axtxc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Imagen de carretera&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4U9ht5a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Autopista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un tipo específico de carretera:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Carretera con calzadas separadas para los dos sentidos de la circulación, cada una de ellas con dos o más carriles, sin cruces a nivel.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3NIjm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3NIjm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Imagen de una autopista&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20002" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T18:31:51.460" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T18:31:51.460" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-28T09:53:30.210" Score="2" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la última pregunta de Fabiola, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27218/12637&quot;&gt;Diferencia entre &amp;quot;autopista&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;carretera&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, hemos leído la definición que da el DLE para &lt;em&gt;carretera&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7gxxR8n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carretera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De carreta.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Camino público, ancho y espacioso, pavimentado y dispuesto para el tránsito de vehículos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha llamado la atención lo de &lt;em&gt;camino público&lt;/em&gt;. Según las definiciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UYbbTs8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;público&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo, puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Conocido o sabido por todos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que se hace a la vista de todos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al Estado o a otra Administración. &lt;em&gt;Colegio, hospital público.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Accesible a todos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Destinada al público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me lleva a la siguiente duda: ¿existen las carreteras privadas? Quiero decir, podríamos tener una carretera en una finca privada (ancha, espaciosa, pavimentada y dispuesta para el tránsito de vehículos), que no pertenezca al Estado y no sea accesible a todos y por tanto no esté destinada al público en general. ¿Se denominaría &lt;em&gt;carretera&lt;/em&gt; o tendría una denominación diferente? ¿Sobra el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;público&lt;/em&gt; en la definición, o se debe interpretar de alguna otra forma a las mencionadas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T09:53:30.210" Title="¿Tienen un nombre aparte las carreteras privadas?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-28T10:24:56.827" Score="1" ViewCount="1604" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando dice &lt;strong&gt;¿Te animas?&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿qué quiere decir? Debería hay varios usos / significados como “¿qué te parece?”, ¿sí? ¿Es un dicho coloquial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T10:33:11.810" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T10:52:50.547" Title="Significados de “¿Te animas?”" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27221" CreationDate="2018-08-28T10:52:50.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te fijas en la definición de &lt;em&gt;animarse&lt;/em&gt; (usos pronominales de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2hSyy7m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;animar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), nos encontramos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Cobrar ánimo y esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Decidirse, determinarse a hacer o decir algo. &lt;em&gt;Se animó A venir.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso que nos ocupa estamos ante la acepción 10. Cuando alguien pregunta &lt;em&gt;¿Te animas?&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a animarse a hacer algo previamente mencionado o que se sobreentiende, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te animas [a plantear la pregunta en el sitio]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usa con otros tiempos, como en el ejemplo del dicionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se animó a venir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario lo define como &quot;decidirse&quot; o &quot;determinarse a hacer algo&quot;. Sin embargo, echo en falta una pequeña sutileza, un punto de subjetividad. Para mí las expresiones &quot;se animó a venir&quot; y &quot;se decidió a venir&quot; no son completamente equivalentes. Me explico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La segunda, &quot;se decidió a venir&quot;, es más neutra, y puede implicar que la persona tenía dudas sobre si venir o hacer otra cosa, y al final se decidió por venir. Aunque también se puede interpretar como que la persona estaba entre venir o no hacer nada, y que lo único que le impedía venir era que tenía que superar un pequeño escollo: superar el tedio que le produce la acción, por ejemplo. Esto es primordial para el uso de &quot;animarse&quot;: implica que la persona tiene que superar un obstáculo (que puede ser leve); pero además implica otra capa de subjetividad, y es que según el hablante la acción determinada supondrá algo positivo para quien la realiza. Véase el siguiente ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo que no quieres venir al cine? ¡Venga, anímate!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este ejemplo indica que la persona solo tiene que superar su indecisión o su aburrimiento para pasar un buen rato, para hacer algo que le va a sentar bien. Nótese como aquí no se puede cambiar &quot;anímate&quot; por &quot;decídete&quot;, que implicaría otra cosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Vas a venir al cine o no? ¡Venga, decídete!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del comentario que dio origen a la pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu respuesta quedaría mejor si añadieras alguna imagen [...]. ¿Te animas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;animarse&quot; ahí implica que a) el usuario tendrá que hacer un esfuerzo para cumplir con lo que se le animó a hacer, y b) entiendo que al hacerlo recibirá un beneficio: su respuesta quedará más completa, la gente le votará más, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T10:52:50.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25566" CreationDate="2018-08-28T11:10:23.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never thought I'd have much reason to return to this complicated question, but I've recently begun reading about Spanish grammar using materials written in Spanish and am beginning to discover details to the Spanish language that I never knew existed.  In an attempt to close a knowledge gap that I identified earlier today, I stumbled upon this grammatical concept known as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/verbal-periphrasis-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verbal periphrasis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and after reading through a few pages I found on it — some in English and some in Spanish — I was reminded of this post I made here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To provide a quick recap, my post above started off with the question, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any rules governing whether or not a verbal phrase can be split by its subject?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  It was a question I had after reading an answer in a grammar book I happened to be reading at the time.  My post above indicates that I was curious about whether or not the type of preposition somehow influenced the splitting of a verbal phrase and then this led to wondering if, instead, it was the type of verb itself.  Then, when pablodf76 mentioned &quot;verbs of existence,&quot; I automatically assumed that was the missing link to understanding my question. &#xA; While pablodf76's answer was very good and the one I gave the green check mark to, I realize that such an answer (the one found in the grammar book's answer key, not pablodf76's answer) may have led me down a bit of a rabbit hole that I wasn't sure was all that worthwhile pursuing after all was said and done (although what I posted above may help some rule out certain notions should they ever ponder about something similar).  I also realize that what I had been trying to do is find a rule that would help me make sense of the answer I found in the aforementioned grammar book whereas the research I did earlier today was in pursuit of a more general rule that just happens to apply to this question I posted here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I add here isn't so much an answer, but an opportunity to share a few links with Spanish StackExchange users that address this topic.  Since some of the material I found came from sources written in Spanish, these links may be particularly useful to those who don't typically go beyond pages written in English when looking for an answer to their question about Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I get to the material/links I found while trying to better understand &quot;verbal periphrasis,&quot; I'm going to add a &lt;strong&gt;Reddit link&lt;/strong&gt; that included a post from someone whose answer was quite thorough.  The person who wrote it doesn't cite any sources, but claims to be bilingual.  He/she is actually addressing adverb placement, but some of what expremierepage wrote definitely seems to apply to my question.  You can access that post &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/learnspanish/comments/5wqha1/question_on_adverb_placement_in_spanish/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;verbal periphrasis&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; which I believe my example — &lt;strong&gt;vienen a trabajar&lt;/strong&gt; — really is, I'm not going to regurgitate what I found elsewhere.  Instead, I'm simply going to leave a screenshot from one site and then provide links to some of the pages I found useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/Kj29Esk.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, there are three types of verbal periphrasis listed and while the chart puts &quot;venir&quot; with &quot;ir&quot; as the gerund type, my example in this post clearly doesn't use a gerund.  Nevertheless, I feel that it is possible that &quot;venir a trabajar&quot; falls under the infinitive category in that its meaning may be a close approximation of constructs formed with &quot;llegar a + infinitive.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And don't think the list above is a complete list.  I have yet to read that there is such a thing and at least one site I came upon flat out stated that it would be impossible to create one due to the fact that the combinations of words that could be considered verbal periphrasis would be too many to enumerate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the single best thing I've read thus far about &lt;strong&gt;&quot;verbal periphrasis&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbal periphrases are a combination of two verbs that behave as one ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/espanolenelrubino/sala-de-audio/SALA-DE-ESTUDIO/Sala-de-estudio/perifrasis-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Perífrasis Verbal&quot;, ESPAÑOL EN EL RUBINO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my takeaway from all of this (or your &lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;, if you will) is that verbal phrases typically should not be split by adverbial phrases or anything else, especially if the verbal phrase is a verbal periphrasis.  With your garden variety verbal phrase or those that are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; verbal periphrases, some exceptions with certain adverbs (e.g., hasta, también, ya, ... see the Reddit post referred to earlier for others) do exist.  I would further posit that it is possible that when a verbal phrasis is split that perhaps it is no longer a verbal phrasis.  For example, in the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Muchos inmigrantes vienen a trabajar en los campos freseros&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is possible that &quot;vienen a trabajar&quot; (come to work) is a verbal periphrasis in which the conjugated form of &quot;venir&quot; (vienen) is not used in a literal sense, but instead means &quot;to reach a particular state or point&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/verb-of-being-1692485&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;existentially&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (as pablodf76 has already mentioned), or perhaps a meaning closer to &quot;they wind up/end up working ...&quot;  Without more context, the &quot;vienen&quot; in &quot;vienen a trabajar&quot; could be serving as an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;auxiliary verb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to &quot;trabajar&quot; rather than an action verb meaning, literally, &quot;to come.&quot;  (This is explained rather well on this page &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asmadrid.org/spanish/depto/ling/morf/perif.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)  If instead, I saw the following written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Vienen muchos inmigrantes a trabajar en los campos freseros&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might now make the assumption that the author intended to convey a more literal meaning of &quot;vienen&quot; and that &quot;muchos inmigrantes&quot; come to work, literally, (e.g., by foot/bus/train).*  I believe I made some sort of comment similar to this previously in this thread, but what I read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asmadrid.org/spanish/depto/ling/morf/perif.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; especially the section titled, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Qué son y qué no son perífrasis,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; might further support anything I may have mentioned earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Disregard this point here.  If you go to Slide 3 of this presentation &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tinglado.net/tic/manuel/perifrasisverbales2/perifrasisverbales.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and click on &quot;EXPRESIONES INTERCAL.,&quot; you will see the following:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En las perífrasis verbales puede ocurrir que entre el verbo auxiliar y la forma no personal aparezca un adverbio o locución adverbial, sin que por eso se rompa la unidad de la perífrasis.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources I hyperlink you to in this answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/learnspanish/comments/5wqha1/question_on_adverb_placement_in_spanish/decl7go/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reddit post in the discussion thread titled, 'question on adverb placement in Spanish'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/verbal-periphrasis-in-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Verbal Periphrasis in Spanish&quot;, Span¡shD!ct&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tinglado.net/tic/manuel/perifrasisverbales2/perifrasisverbales.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Las perífrasis verbales&quot; (Los Simpsons te ayudarán a aprenderlas)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/espanolenelrubino/sala-de-audio/SALA-DE-ESTUDIO/Sala-de-estudio/perifrasis-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Perífrasis Verbal&quot;, ESPAÑOL EN EL RUBINO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asmadrid.org/spanish/depto/ling/morf/perif.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Las perífrasis verbales&quot;, Fernando Liroz (profesor de lengua española)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: The first two sources listed after the Reddit post also have a quiz you can take at the end to test yourself on whether or not you've understood the material.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T08:02:20.353" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T08:02:20.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27226" CreationDate="2018-08-28T15:06:35.350" Score="3" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oí un programa del radio como siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En XX (una ruta de una montaña), se encuentra el tramo más difícil &lt;strong&gt;de su corrido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Segun el diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/corrido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;de corrido = rápido, sin interrupción.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Pero es correcta que pon “su” entre ellos?&#xA;¿O, lo oí mal y no es “su” sino otra palabra? ¿Será “del sur corrido”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T15:31:34.457" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T18:18:32.253" Title="¿Cuál es el significado de “de su corrido”?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27225" CreationDate="2018-08-28T15:30:12.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tal y como la escribes, la frase no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AzW0XsA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;de corrido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una expresión que el DLE define como &lt;em&gt;1. Con presteza y sin entorpecimientos&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, en este contexto no tiene demasiado sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por contra, lo que sí parece bastante plausible es que esté hablando del &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;recorrido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que no es otra cosa que el itinerario o ruta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En XX (una ruta de una montaña), se encuentra el tramo más difícil &lt;strong&gt;de su recorrido&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, aquí te está diciendo que la parte XX de la ruta es la más complicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T15:30:12.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-28T15:48:08.073" Score="1" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oí desde un programa del radio lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: ...donde algunas montañas llegan alcanzar los tres mil metros de&#xA;  altura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B: ¡Tres mil! &lt;strong&gt;Tiene que sea&lt;/strong&gt; complicado, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oí como “tiene que sea...”. Pero, me parece que no es correcto en punto de gramática. ¿O sí es correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He tenido entendido que “tener que” debe seguir con verbo “inf.” Pero,  el locutor habló como “sea” con el ultimo sonido como “á”. Sé que no hay palabra “seá”, entonces, deduje que ser “sea”. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="19999" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T00:35:46.633" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T00:35:46.633" Title="Es correcto decir “tiene que sea...”" Tags="&lt;aspecto-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27218" CreationDate="2018-08-28T16:28:57.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una Carretera, no necesariamente es un camino público, ni tiene que ser ancho, ni tampoco tiene que ser espacioso ni necesariamente pavimentado.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carretera es cualquier recorrido o trazado que conecte un lugar con otro por donde podrían circular &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vehículos mecánicos  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vehículos de tracción animal  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el recubrimiento las hay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pavimentadas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/X1s9o.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/X1s9o.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;destapadas (sin pavimento):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VvALl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VvALl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el uso:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Privadas (por ejemplo dentro de fincas, haciendas, o dentro de clubes&#xA;privados) y cuya circulación está restringida.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Públicas, ya sea contruídas por el gobierno o a través de concesiones para circulación de todos los ciudadanos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuando al ancho hay carreteras que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tienen 1 sola calzada con solo 1 carril, donde solo cabe 1 (uno) vehículo en 1 (uno) sola dirección (si viene un vehículo en dirección contraria, uno de los dos se ahorilla para permitir el paso del otro vehículo).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las hay de 1 calzada y 2 carriles donde caben 2 vehículos cada uno en dirección contraria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Las hay de 2 calzadas, una para cada dirección, con 2 o más carriles, tal que las calzadas pueden estar separadas una de la otra por &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;líneas pintadas en el piso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;topes o algún elemento continuo o discontinuo que sobresalga del piso  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IPe18.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IPe18.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- separador central de diferentes anchos  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etiquetar una carretera con el término &quot;&lt;strong&gt;AUTOPISTA&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; depende de cada país y de su reglamentación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo en Colombia usamos el término &quot;&lt;strong&gt;AUTOPISTA&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; para referirnos a ciertas carreteras pavimentadas que conectan a las ciudades capitales de departamento, pero no necesariamente implica que tengan calzadas separadas ni que no existan pasos a nivel.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo existe la &quot;Autopista Bogotá-Medellín&quot;, unos 412 km.&#xA;En su comienzo por allá en los años 1970's era una carretera pavimentada de solo 1 calzada con 2 carriles uno para cada dirección, con cruces a nivel.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hace unos 20 años empezaron las obras de ampliación a doble calzada y ahora cuando sale de Bogotá es de 2 calzadas con separador central (de apróximadamente 2 metros), con 2 carriles cada calzada con algunos pasos a nivel, y es así unos 280 km hasta aproximadamente Puerto Triunfo, y luego vuelve a ser de solo de 1 calzada con 2 carriles uno para cada sentido y el separador central son las rayas pintadas en el piso y tiene cruces a nivel. La orografía andina hace muy difícil y costoso construir carreteras de más de una calzada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y3omo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y3omo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="19389" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T19:55:28.273" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T19:55:28.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-28T16:30:32.177" Score="4" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is a passive voice. The sentence is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Están&lt;/strong&gt; pintando la puerta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is why not &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; pintando la puerta. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20053" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T06:17:02.367" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T15:44:57.817" Title="Why &quot;están&quot; is used here, and not &quot;está&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27229" CreationDate="2018-08-28T16:46:29.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;Están&quot; is the plural third and second person conjugation for the verb &quot;estar&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo estoy pintando la puerta  -- I am painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tú estás pintando la puerta -- you are painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El/Ella está pintando la puerta -- He/she is painting the door &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros estamos pintando la puerta -- We are painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vosotros estáis pintando la puerta -- You (many) are painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ustedes están pintando la puerta&lt;/strong&gt;  -- You (many) are painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ellos/ellas están pintando la puerta&lt;/strong&gt;  -- They are painting the door&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that in Spanish we can remove the personal pronoun as the conjugation of the verb tells us who is the actor, so in normal speech we remove  the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;yo, tú, el/ella, nosotros, vosotros, ustedes, ellos/ellas&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; from sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this is not passive voice, this is normal continuous present:     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronoun&lt;/strong&gt; + &quot;conjugation of present verb &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; + &lt;strong&gt;gerundio&lt;/strong&gt; conjugation (ending with &quot;ando/endo&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what you are trying to find with &quot;está pintado la puerta&quot; is an adverb (the verb of &quot;pintar&quot; as the adjective &quot;pintado&quot;) , but you have a gender problem here, as adjective also have to inherit the genre of the noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;correct : Está &lt;strong&gt;PINTADA&lt;/strong&gt; la puerta, that means :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the door is painted.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has a totally different meaning from what the sentence actually says : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Están pintando la puerta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; : &quot;&lt;strong&gt;they are painting the door&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2019-05-09T15:44:57.817" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T15:44:57.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27229" CreationDate="2018-08-28T17:21:59.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Están pintando la puerta&lt;/strong&gt;. means: They are painting the door. The pronoun is often left out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está pintada la puerta&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;La puerta está pintada&lt;/strong&gt;. means: The door is painted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: if you write or say, the door is painted (either one of the previous sentences), which is in the  passive form, the noun has to be in agreement with the adjective: they are both feminine. &lt;strong&gt;La puerta&lt;/strong&gt; has to agree with past participle of pintar (pintada) since the verb &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to be painted: &lt;strong&gt;estar pintado&lt;/strong&gt; [something masculine]; &lt;strong&gt;estar pintada&lt;/strong&gt; [something feminine]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the sense of: it is not bare wood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T17:21:59.047" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27229" CreationDate="2018-08-28T17:32:50.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not &lt;em&gt;passive voice&lt;/em&gt; but the case is similar to &lt;strong&gt;impersonal&lt;/strong&gt; passive voice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of impersonal passive are for example &amp;quot;It is said that children are afraid of ghosts&amp;quot; instead of the active sentence &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;People&lt;/strong&gt; say that children are afraid of ghosts&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;It is expected (that) he will arrive soon&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;They expect him to arrive soon&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, we favor plural (&lt;em&gt;están&lt;/em&gt;) over singular (&lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;) for this voice. Quoting @JuanRocamonde from the comments &amp;quot;plural form is used in substitution of an unknown subject&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usa la tercera persona del plural de forma impersonal, es decir, que hay sujeto tácito de interpretación inespecífica (a veces llamadas 'oraciones impersonales eventuales'), el sujeto suele ser, en realidad, singular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Te llaman — Someone is calling you/You have a call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Te necesitan en la sala de espera — You're needed in the waiting room&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le robaron — He was robbed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lo mataron — He was killed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.espanolavanzado.com/significados/38-tooltips/1314-pasiva-con-tercer-persona-del-plural&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasiva con tercera persona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that there is only one guy painting the door, but we use &amp;quot;plural&amp;quot;, meaning &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; (building management, or the contractor, or the painters, or who-knows-exactly-who-is-in-charge-of-it) are painting the door&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could of course use the singular &amp;quot;está&amp;quot;. The connotation is that you would likely know &lt;strong&gt;who&lt;/strong&gt; is doing the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Están&lt;/strong&gt; pintando la puerta --&amp;gt; (after switching to passive voice) The door is being painted. (by who? Who knows?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Está&lt;/strong&gt; pintando la puerta --&amp;gt; (after switching to passive voice) The door is being painted &lt;strong&gt;by him/her&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the same case as &amp;quot;they are doing construction here, they are cutting down this tree, etc&amp;quot;. It is unclear who is exactly doing the job. We only know what is going to be done. In Spanish we would use plural for this case and use singular for the case in which we actually know &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; is doing the job (which probably can be inferred by the context of the conversation, since the sentence has an elliptical subject).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T01:39:47.490" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27225" CreationDate="2018-08-28T18:18:32.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si bien &lt;em&gt;de su corrido&lt;/em&gt; no existe, sí existe &lt;em&gt;de su corrida&lt;/em&gt; para hacer alusión a la ruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que este uso podría no ser idiomático en otras regiones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T18:18:32.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27108" CreationDate="2018-08-28T19:07:14.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alterado means &quot;altered&quot; and in this case is used for someone who's physical or mind state is literally &quot;altered&quot;, maybe you cannot understand why someone can be altered just because of sadness. I think the writer lacked the ability to transmit the feeling and that's why it is hard to understand why he was altered because of sadness. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine someone who's destroyed not only by sadness but also sorrow, someone who's been crying a lot, out of himself, someone that the sadness has altered him. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think something like this : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cuded.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Man-crying.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cuded.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Man-crying.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-08-28T19:29:21.810" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T19:29:21.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27227" CreationDate="2018-08-28T21:41:05.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy bastante seguro de que es un error. Si realmente dice &lt;em&gt;Tiene que…&lt;/em&gt;, entonces a continuación debe venir un verbo en infinitivo (como &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;); no puede venir un verbo en modo subjuntivo (como &lt;em&gt;sea&lt;/em&gt;), ni de hecho ninguna otra forma verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que escuchaste mal, o también puede ser que la persona que habla no pronuncie bien las palabras. Puede ser un error gramatical, pero no es probable, porque &lt;em&gt;tiene que…&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo es una construcción que usamos todo el tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T21:41:05.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27229" CreationDate="2018-08-29T05:44:30.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;[This is a translation/update of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18672/12637&quot;&gt;my answer&lt;/a&gt; to another question.]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are not passive sentences, but rather sentences that use an interesting impersonal construction, in fact the &lt;em&gt;Spanish Grammar&lt;/em&gt; speaks about them in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=purFmLzqJgsRcDUo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paragraph 33.4s&lt;/a&gt;. Basically it says that when the subject of the sentence is unknown or is not identified, sometimes it adopts the form of the third person plural. So, you may have sentences such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mañana vendrán a reparar la caldera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Están pintando la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case you don't know indeed how many people will come. And in the second case you can use the third person plural even if there is only one person paiting because you have not indentify them. The funny thing is that you can use this construction even if you know the person implied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te han llamado por teléfono, era tu hermana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first part of the sentence follows this same pattern because you have not yet identified the person that called, even if you resolve that in the second part of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This construction comes from long ago,in fact is as older as the Spanish language. See the following example from the XVI century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que aun hasta en lo que es música y en los cantares hallamos esto mismo, pues las seguidillas arrinconaron a la zarabanda y &lt;strong&gt;otros vendrán&lt;/strong&gt; que las destruyan y caigan.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mateo Alemán, &quot;Primera parte de Guzmán de Alfarache&quot;, España (1599)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this one from the XIII century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bien me as aconsejado, et dizes verdat; enpero veré a qué tornará la mi çima de mi fazienda et &lt;strong&gt;qué mandarán&lt;/strong&gt; de mí fazer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Calila e Dimna&quot;, España (1251)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last part of this last case can be translated as &quot;let's see what they will tell me to do&quot; or even as &quot;let's see what I will be told to do&quot;. Note that in this last translation it is better reflected that you don't know how many people will be implied in the action. But the thing is that if you can find this construction in the XIII century, it probably comes from the Vulgar Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find this construction in other languages, such as Italian:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Ah, sei qui [...] finalmente ti trovo. Come ti senti?&quot;. &quot;Un po' stanca ma non c'è male. Figurati, &lt;strong&gt;mi hanno telefonato&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &quot;Ti hanno telefonato? -ripete incredula- e chi?&quot;. &quot;Una mia amica di Milano [...]&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mirella Ducceschi, &quot;L'incidente&quot;, Italia (1990)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This follows the same pattern as the previous example about stating the subject in third person plural even if the speaker knows who called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a final note, you can indeed say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está pintando la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but then it's implied that you know who is painting the door. This can be said in response to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde está Pepe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T12:25:36.120" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T12:25:36.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27239" CreationDate="2018-08-29T06:29:13.360" Score="3" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy estudiante de español y un anglohablante nativo. Leí un ensayo o un articulo en linea en el que el autor escribió la frase &quot;nada del otro domingo.&quot; Supongo que en inglés eso es &quot;nothing from the other Sunday.&quot; ¿Qué significa eso? Me parece que esa frase quiere decir &quot;nada especial&quot; o &quot;no es un gran reto&quot; o una cosa parecida. ¿Es así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20054" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T06:32:57.210" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T06:58:40.040" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;nada del otro domingo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27238" CreationDate="2018-08-29T06:42:42.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante. La frase original y que se puede encontrar en muchos sitios es &quot;no es nada del otro jueves&quot;. Ignoro por qué el autor habrá usado &lt;em&gt;domingo&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;jueves&lt;/em&gt;, pero no creo que eso cambie el significado de la expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, como bien dices significa &quot;no es algo que sea importante&quot;. Lo curioso es que si buscas la expresión en el diccionario, lo que encuentras es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3yTydM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cosa del otro jueves&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Hecho extraordinario. U. en frs. de sent. negat.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Aquello que hace mucho tiempo que pasó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;cosa del otro jueves&quot; con el significado de &quot;hecho extraordinario&quot; se usa, como se indica, principalmente en frases de sentido negativo, es decir, del tipo &quot;no es cosa del otro jueves&quot;. Cambiando las palabras simplemente queda como &quot;esto no es nada del otro jueves&quot; se dice que no hay nada extraordinario o de importancia en lo comentado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T06:58:40.040" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T06:58:40.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27240" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-29T07:28:14.533" Score="6" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gracias a una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27238/12637&quot;&gt;reciente pregunta&lt;/a&gt; hemos descubierto que el diccionario recoge la expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B3yTydM#6ltHZ4Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cosa del otro jueves&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Hecho extraordinario. U. en frs. de sent. negat.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Aquello que hace mucho tiempo que pasó.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me interesa la primera acepción, que se especifica que se usa solo en frases de sentido negativo, es decir del tipo &quot;no es cosa del otro jueves&quot;, para indicar que lo comentado no es nada extraordinario, aunque a veces sí que se usa en sentido positivo, como es el caso del ejemplo más antiguo encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mi bisabuelo tuvo títeres en Sevilla, los más bien vestidos y acomodados de&#xA;  retablo que jamás entraron en aquel pueblo. Era pequeño, no mayor que del codo a la mano, que dél a sus títeres sólo había diferencia de hablar por cerbatana o sin ella. Lo que es decir &lt;strong&gt;la arenga o plática era cosa del otro jueves&lt;/strong&gt;. Una lengua tenía arpada como tordo, una boca grande, que algunas veces pensaban que había de voltear por la boca. Daba tanto gusto el verle hacer la arenga titerera, que por oírle se iban desvalidas tras él fruteras, castañeras y turroneras, sin dejar en guarda de su tienda más que el sombrero o calentador.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco López de Úbeda, &quot;La pícara Justina&quot;, 1605 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de Autoridades define la expresión como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La que es extraña, rara, ò pocas veces vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quería buscar la definición de la expresión en el diccionario de Covarrubias, pero soy incapaz de encontrar la entrada para &quot;jueves&quot;. El caso es que en su origen parece que la expresión significaba &quot;cosa extraordinaria por poco habitual&quot;. No sé si esto concuerda con la explicación &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-curioso-e-historico-origen-de-la-expresion-no-es-nada-del-otro-jueves/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que da Alfred López en su blog&lt;/a&gt; acerca de las comilonas de los jueves por la noche para poder hacer ayuno los viernes, dado que él analiza la expresión &quot;no es nada del otro jueves&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuándo se originó la expresión &quot;cosa del otro jueves&quot;? ¿Cuál fue su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo la teoría de que podría ser una variante de &quot;cosa del otro mundo&quot;, dado que la expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q5etWXp#9pZGGNW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del otro mundo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; también significa &quot;extraordinario o fuera de lo común&quot;. El DLE pone como ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese actor no es nada del otro mundo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El premio tampoco parece cosa del otro mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que en estas expresiones se podría perfectamente cambiar &lt;em&gt;mundo&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;jueves&lt;/em&gt;. Y esta expresión es más antigua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E el mercador que vio venir más de quarenta ombres todos vestidos de ábito de monte, e cada uno su sabueso por la traílla, e dellos algunos alanos e lebreles, fue muy espantado qué era aquello, ca a él &lt;strong&gt;le parescía cosa del otro mundo&lt;/strong&gt; la vista destas gentes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro de Corral, &quot;Crónica del rey don Rodrigo, postrimero rey de los godos (Crónica sarracina)&quot;, c 1430 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría ser &lt;em&gt;jueves&lt;/em&gt; un eufemismo para &lt;em&gt;mundo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T15:32:24.633" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T22:49:25.830" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;cosa del otro jueves&quot;" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27243" CreationDate="2018-08-29T10:41:21.123" Score="2" ViewCount="1059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en un artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toca ahora estigmatizar cualquier protesta contra la turistificación o la masificación de un turismo insostenible que daña ya en muchos casos los intereses de los habitantes del territorio. Y es que &lt;strong&gt;no les duelen prendas&lt;/strong&gt; a la hora de pregonar que cualquier cosa que dé dinero ha de ser reverenciada sin cuestionamiento ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/zonacritica/cafe-porro_6_672692731.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Del café al porro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Elisa Beni en eldiario.es, 5 agosto 2017&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve, se utiliza esta expresión para decir &lt;em&gt;esta gente no duda en defender algo a toda costa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U2AR2kw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;no dolerle a alguien prendas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Ser fiel cumplidor de sus obligaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. No escatimar garantías, concesiones, gastos o recursos para lograr un acuerdo u otro propósito cualquiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no deja de sorprenderme la expresión, pues ¿qué pintan las prendas [de ropa] en un tema así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay quien apunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión, que probablemente se gestó en el ámbito jurídico, guarda estrecha relación con el proverbio ‘a buen pagador no le duelen prendas’, que ya aparece en El Quijote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fraseomania.blogspot.com/2018/04/no-me-duelen-prendas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«No me duelen prendas»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen jurídico podría tener su sentido, máxime cuando su uso es escaso y la periodista de quien lo leí (Elisa Beni) está especializada en temas jurídicos. Pero el blog no da más detalles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco veo ninguna referencia contrastable en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-la-expresion-no-doler-prendas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿De dónde surge la expresión ‘no doler prendas’?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El acto de pagar o realizar algún tipo de trabajo con el fin de recuperar ese objeto dejado como prenda fue lo que originó la expresión ‘no doler prendas’ (o en la forma ‘no doler prendas a alguien‘) y  aunque hoy en día está cada vez está más en desuso, todavía se utiliza  para referirse a aquel que satisface un pago y cumple con su deber sin importarle el esfuerzo que hace por ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T06:04:54.983" Title="¿De dónde viene la expresión &quot;doler prendas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27242" CreationDate="2018-08-29T12:46:55.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues el origen queda claro si tomas la palabra &lt;em&gt;prenda&lt;/em&gt; de forma literal... pero literal tal y como se entendía en el siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, la expresión original fue &quot;al buen pagador no le duelen prendas&quot;, como se atestigua en textos ya en el citado siglo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Señora, que assí está bien, que al buen pagador no le duelen prendas; ves aquí cuatro ducados para una saya, para paga y señal.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feliciano de Silva, &quot;Segunda Celestina&quot;, 1534 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Nunca has dado algo &lt;em&gt;en prenda&lt;/em&gt; a cambio de otra cosa? Efectivamente, si consultamos el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; encontramos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PRENDA. La alhája que se dá ò entrega para la seguridad de alguna deuda ù contrato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de aquí también tienes &lt;em&gt;prendar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PRENDAR. Sacar alguna alhája ò prenda para la seguridad de una deuda, ò para la satistaccion de algun daño cometido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que por ejemplo tú podías recibir un préstamo y tú dabas a cambio una joya &lt;em&gt;en prenda&lt;/em&gt; que el prestamista podía quedarse si no lo devolvías. Esto me suena... sí, básicamente lo que hoy día se hace en una casa de empeños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, si eres buen pagador no sentirás el dolor de perder ninguna prenda querida, como joyas de la familia o cualquier otra cosa de valor por la que puedas sentir apego. Esto explica la primera acepción actual de la expresión: ser fiel cumplidor de tus obligaciones. La segunda supongo que surgió como consecuencia: a veces se podía dar en prenda cualquier cosa con tal de cumplir un objetivo. Este sentido al principio sería literal, pasando a ser figurado posteriormente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ahora nos quedamos con una duda. El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; no recoge ninguna acepción de &lt;em&gt;prenda&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de ropa. ¿Cuándo adquirió la palabra esta acepción, añadida al diccionario de la RAE en 1869&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;? ¿Será porque muchas veces se dejaban prendas de ropa como &lt;em&gt;prenda&lt;/em&gt; de los préstamos o daños ocasionados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Otros diccionarios la recogen antes, como el Salvá de 1846.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T12:52:10.223" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T12:52:10.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27255" CreationDate="2018-08-29T13:33:41.043" Score="4" ViewCount="4032" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo hoy la prensa española, me he encontrado con &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.expansion.com/mercados/2018/08/29/5b86609a46163f26598b4578.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta noticia&lt;/a&gt; en el Expansión. En uno de los comentarios  alguien dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Morgan le está haciendo el &lt;strong&gt;caldo gordo&lt;/strong&gt; a los bajistas, muchos de ellos atrapados en precios entorno a los 24 ​/ 25 euros.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6lMDpXZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer el caldo gordo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es una locución adverbial coloquial que quier decir &quot;seguirle o hacerle el juego&quot; a alguien. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significaría que ese comentarista piensa que el banco Morgan Stanley le hace el juego a aquellos inversores (los bajistas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;) que apuestan por que la empresa bajará mucho en bolsa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo llegó el coloquialismo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hacer el caldo gordo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; a tener su significado actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Los &lt;em&gt;bajistas&lt;/em&gt;, por si alguien se hace la pregunta, son un tipo de inversores que apuestan por que la cotización de una empresa va a bajar. Piden entonces prestados títulos de esa empresa para vender. Venden hoy a X y pagan los los títulos a su propietario en una fecha futura, esperando tener que pagar menos que ese precio X por el que vendieron las acciones de la empresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T15:41:29.527" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:09:26.903" Title="¿Cómo llegó el coloquialismo &quot;hacer el caldo gordo&quot; a tener su significado actual?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27245" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-29T15:30:15.840" Score="4" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many dialects of Latin American Spanish &lt;em&gt;Qué tan(to)...&lt;/em&gt; is used in interrogative/exclamative phrases with the same meaning as the &lt;em&gt;Cuán(to)...&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;Cómo de...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, this phrase was used in Spain with some frequency up until the 17th century.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Was &lt;em&gt;cuán(to)&lt;/em&gt; always used in this context in Spanish, alongside &lt;em&gt;qué tan(to)&lt;/em&gt;, or did it only acquire this use later on as &lt;em&gt;qué tan(to)&lt;/em&gt; was declining in popularity in Spain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tanto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DAMER: tanto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;I.e) &lt;code&gt;ǁ ¿qué ~?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z60aNMi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE: tanto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;qué tan, o qué tanto&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=qu%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD: qué&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;4.(g) qué tan(to).&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T13:37:59.663" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T23:00:12.313" Title="Was &quot;Cuán(to)...&quot; always synonymous with &quot;Qué tan(to)...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;palabras-interrogativas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27250" CreationDate="2018-08-29T15:31:51.367" Score="1" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cada vez que sonreía bajaba profundamente la cabeza. &lt;strong&gt;La vi bajarse&#xA;   disimuladamente&lt;/strong&gt; las perneras del pantalón, y luego ocultar sus pies&#xA;   descalzos en la hierba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no hay conjunción “que” antes de “bajarse...”, lo cual es un subordinante, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T13:24:19.387" LastActivityDate="2018-09-02T10:41:26.370" Title="¿Necesitamos el conjuntivo “que” aquí?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27248" CreationDate="2018-08-29T16:36:14.443" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me ha enviado un mensaje de texto para decirme que &lt;strong&gt;iba a llegar&lt;/strong&gt; un&#xA;   poco tarde porque &lt;strong&gt;tiene que ir&lt;/strong&gt; a tomar algo con un cliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta:&#xA;Por qué los tiempos no coinciden para “iba a llegar” y “tiene que”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T16:49:17.963" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T18:36:49.283" Title="Por qué los tiempos verbales no coinciden para “iba a llegar” y “tiene que”?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27247" CreationDate="2018-08-29T16:56:37.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este caso la coincidencia no se da porque lo que se quiere expresar ocurre en tiempos diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero va en pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me ha enviado un mensaje &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como el mensaje hablaba del futuro (en el momento del mensaje) pero eso debió haber pasado ya, entonces esa parte también puede decirse en pasado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... iba a llegar ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y como en el momento del mensaje y tal vez en el momento actual Tom tiene que atender un cliente, entonces esa parte va en presente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... tiene que ir ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos casos puede haber incluso otras combinaciones de tiempos dependiendo de cuando pasaron o pasarán las cosas. Por ejemplo también es válido decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me &lt;strong&gt;envió&lt;/strong&gt; un mensaje de texto para decirme que &lt;strong&gt;va&lt;/strong&gt; a llegar un poco tarde porque &lt;strong&gt;tenía&lt;/strong&gt; que ir a tomar algo con un cliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí cambia &quot;iba a llegar&quot; (pasado) por el futuro &quot;va a llegar&quot; en caso de que Tom todavía no haya llegado pero piensa llegar. También se cambia &quot;tiene que ir&quot; (presente) por el pasado &quot;tenía que ir&quot; porque tal vez Tom ya atendió a su cliente lo que le ocasionó un retraso pero de igual forma &lt;em&gt;va a llegar&lt;/em&gt; aunque sea tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviamente también es correcto si toda la oración está en pasado porque todos los eventos ya ocurrieron. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me &lt;strong&gt;ha enviado&lt;/strong&gt; un mensaje de texto para decirme que &lt;strong&gt;iba a llegar&lt;/strong&gt; un poco tarde porque &lt;strong&gt;tenía&lt;/strong&gt; que ir a tomar algo con un cliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ha enviado (envió el mensaje en el pasado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iba a llegar (llegó tarde o incluso nunca llegó)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tenía (ya atendió a su cliente)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T18:36:49.283" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T18:36:49.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27247" CreationDate="2018-08-29T16:59:09.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;También puedes decir &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me ha enviado un mensaje de texto para decirme que &lt;strong&gt;va a llegar&lt;/strong&gt; un poco tarde porque &lt;strong&gt;tiene que ir&lt;/strong&gt; a tomar algo con un cliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si tu cita con Tom es (todavía) en el futuro o para indicar la seguridad de que Tom con seguridad va a llegar tarde. De la misma forma &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tiene que ir&lt;/strong&gt; a tomar algo con un cliente&quot; implica que esa acción está en el futuro de Tom (y el nuestro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tom me ha enviado un mensaje de texto para decirme que &lt;strong&gt;iba a llegar&lt;/strong&gt; un poco tarde porque &lt;strong&gt;tenía que ir&lt;/strong&gt; a tomar algo con un cliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta última puede implicar que Tom tenía en un principio que hacer la tarea y ya no tiene que hacerla o que Tom ya la ha completado (o está en ello).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de tiempos de la frase parece efectivamente un poco arbitrario. A mi me da a entender que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El aviso de Tom de que seguramente llegaría tarde se produjo en nuestro pasado (por eso decimos que Tom dijo que  &quot;iba a llegar tarde&quot; y no &quot;va a llegar&quot; o &quot;llegará&quot; tarde, aunque estas opciones son igualmente válidas y correctas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La acción de quedar con el cliente está todavía en el futuro de Tom y el nuestro (y &quot;tendrá que&quot; podría ser otra opción válida).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T16:59:09.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27246" CreationDate="2018-08-29T17:15:16.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tu duda entiendo que es porque no hay una conjunción si tenemos dos verbos &amp;quot;ver&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;bajar&amp;quot; en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La vi bajarse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay realmente dos oraciones ahí solo porque hay dos verbos. &amp;quot;Bajarse&amp;quot; es una forma en infinitivo con el pronombre reflexivo ser. El infinitivo en español puede tener muchos usos distintos, entre ellos como sujeto, complemento del verbo o modificador de nombre, adjetivo o adverbio. Consulta esta fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://slllc.ucalgary.ca/AVal/505/AGUsosInfinitivo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Usos del infinitivo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El infinitvo puede actuar como complemento directo. Ejemplos del enlace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefiero &lt;strong&gt;acostarme&lt;/strong&gt; pronto esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiere &lt;strong&gt;salir&lt;/strong&gt; sola de noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los que se usa el infinitivo como complemento de objeto directo cuando el sujeto del verbo conjugado y el sujeto del infinitivo es el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, consulta la sección del artículo que hace referencia a &amp;quot;Pronombre de complemento indirecto + verbo + infinitivo&amp;quot; y especialmente &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Pronombre de complemento directo + verbos de percepción + infinitivo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (ejemplos del artículo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El médico &lt;strong&gt;le ha prohibido subir y bajar&lt;/strong&gt; escaleras. (El médico le ha prohibido que suba y baje escaleras.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le recomendó tomarse&lt;/strong&gt; unas vacaciones. (Le recomendó que se tomara unas vacaciones.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que el segundo ejemplo es prácticamente igual al tuyo (Le recomendó tomarse/La vi bajarse) aunque es un caso diferente, porque el ejemplo trata de un verbo que expresa influencia. En casos como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace años &lt;strong&gt;lo oí tocar&lt;/strong&gt; en un concierto. (Years ago, I heard him play(ing) in a concert.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los vi salir&lt;/strong&gt; al jardín. (I saw them go(ing) out to the garden.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tienes &lt;strong&gt;Pronombre de complemento directo + verbos de percepción + infinitivo&lt;/strong&gt; con la particularidad de que el verbo en infinitivo tiene un &lt;strong&gt;pronombre reflexivo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: No hay dos oraciones subordinadas y por lo tanto no necesitas una conjunción. El verbo en infinitivo está realmente ejerciendo como objeto directo en un caso muy especial de entre los muchos usos que tiene el infinitivo en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T17:25:56.283" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27252" CreationDate="2018-08-29T17:18:49.027" Score="4" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;When submitting files:&#xA;Due Date&#xA;Dec 1 2018&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;completion date:&#xA;Nov 23 2018&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, Due date is maximum date limit, and completion date is when you completed the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mi &quot;due date&quot; es &quot;fecha limite&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &quot;completion date&quot; es &quot;fecha de entrega&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero, es esta traduccion correcta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7125" LastEditorUserId="7125" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T19:07:44.997" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T20:59:50.597" Title="Cual es la traduccion correcta de &quot;Due date&quot; y &quot;completion date&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27251" CreationDate="2018-08-29T20:33:46.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para &lt;em&gt;Due date&lt;/em&gt; hay varias alternativas que se pueden usar. La que ofreces en la pregunta es una de ellas pero también se puede usar &lt;strong&gt;término&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;plazo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;fecha tope&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;strong&gt;fecha de entrega&lt;/strong&gt;, no es tan simple. Dependiendo del contexto tambien se puede referir al plazo (due date en inglés).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;fecha de entrega&lt;/strong&gt; para la tarea de matemáticas es el próximo jueves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, sí se puede usar &lt;strong&gt;fecha de entrega&lt;/strong&gt; para hacer referencia a la fecha en que, de hecho, se entregó alguna cosa como por ejemplo una tarea, un proyecto, un paquete, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;fecha de entrega&lt;/strong&gt; del paquete fue al pasado miércoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero para complicar las cosas, si el locutor esta utilizando un tono irónico, tendremos algo como lo siguiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo siento, no puedo recibir su documento, la &lt;strong&gt;fecha de entrega&lt;/strong&gt; fue el pasado miércoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras alternativas para &lt;em&gt;completion date&lt;/em&gt; pueden ser &lt;strong&gt;fecha de finalización&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fecha de culminación&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;fecha de término&lt;/strong&gt; (observa que la palabra término sola significa &lt;em&gt;due date&lt;/em&gt; como lo mencioné arriba), &lt;strong&gt;fecha de cumplimiento&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, si quieres ser más claro (en el caso de &lt;em&gt;completion date&lt;/em&gt;) te sugiero que consideres el uso la forma verbal. Por ejemplo, en lugar de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;fecha de conclusión&lt;/strong&gt; del proyecto fue el 25 de mayo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes usar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El proyecto se &lt;strong&gt;concluyó&lt;/strong&gt; el 25 de mayo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-08-29T20:59:50.597" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T20:59:50.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27246" CreationDate="2018-08-29T21:01:01.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una oración muy interesante la que planteas. Para mí, tiene un error, pero primero vamos a abordar la subordinada, que es tu duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Subordinada&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya han mencionado en otras respuestas y comentarios, &lt;strong&gt;el infinitivo puede actuar como sustantivo&lt;/strong&gt;. En general, las formas no personales (infinitivo, gerundio, participio) pueden actuar como no-verbos algunas veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del infinitivo, suele aparecer &quot;sustantivado&quot;, es decir, funcionando como sustantivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me gusta jugar. =  Me gusta [eso].&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El infinitivo tiene la misma función que un pronombre (Eso), o que un sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, tu frase es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Vi bajar(se) = vi eso. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya han mencionado otros, puedes insertar el &quot;que&quot;, pero &quot;que&quot; se utiliza con formas &lt;strong&gt;personales&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; ella se bajaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi bajar a ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;que&quot; sólo se usa con formas personales. Se debe a que el infinitivo es como un sustantivo, y no necesita nexo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Laísmo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Esta parte no es segura, he hecho una pregunta al respecto: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27270/17253&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Es esto un caso de le&amp;#237;smo?&lt;/a&gt; *&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora voy con el error que he detectado. No estará exento de discusión, estoy seguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, &lt;code&gt;&quot;La vi bajarse&quot;&lt;/code&gt; es laísmo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi argumento es que&#xA;&quot;bajarse&quot;, acabamos de decir, actúa como sustantivo, es más, es el &lt;strong&gt;complemento directo&lt;/strong&gt;. Como en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vi eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso fuerza que &quot;a ella&quot; sea complemento indirecto, así que debería ser &lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le ví bajarse = Se lo vi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sería así, a no ser que &lt;code&gt;[ver bajarse]&lt;/code&gt; sea, en sí mismo, un bloque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en las perífrasis verbales, no aparece.2ver bajarse&quot; no es una perífrasis verbal, así que no debería ser una entidad única.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La última posibilidad, a la que se agarrará mucha gente, es que sea una locución verbal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si interpretamos &lt;em&gt;ver bajarse&lt;/em&gt; como una locución verbal, entonces es un bloque, y podemos decir &lt;code&gt;[vi bajarse] a ella&lt;/code&gt;; donde &quot;a ella&quot; volvería a ser CD, y podría sustituirse por &quot;La&quot;. Personalmente, me parece muy forzado. Así que esto abre un cierto debate. Se aceptan comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2018-09-02T10:41:26.370" LastActivityDate="2018-09-02T10:41:26.370" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27245" CreationDate="2018-08-29T22:33:47.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot fully endorse that its popularity has been declining; however, I can confirm that they can be used interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although, I prefer using &lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto...&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tanto....&lt;/em&gt; depending on the case. Namely, I would say,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Cuánto dinero necesitas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Cuánto la amas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Cuánto tiempo estuviste ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I wouldn't replace &lt;em&gt;cuánto&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;qué tanto&lt;/em&gt; in these cases. And yet, its use hinges profoundly upon the region you are, meaning that it may sound idiomatic for some, but not for others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T22:33:47.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27244" CreationDate="2018-08-30T06:11:26.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación es simple: un caldo gordo es un caldo con grasa, con sustancia. Fíjate en la definición de &lt;em&gt;gordo&lt;/em&gt; de Covarrubias (1611):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo gruesso y mantecoso de la carne del animal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes usos literales de &lt;em&gt;caldo gordo&lt;/em&gt; ya en el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y sobre la vaca cortada y hechos platos de ella sembrar sal con un cuchillo y echar del mismo caldo sobre la carne; si la carne es magra, sea el caldo gordo; si fuere la carne gorda, echarle el caldo magro, que no tenga gordura; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro de guisados de Ruperto de Nola&quot;, 1529 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta idea de &quot;caldo con sustancia&quot; empezó a tener sentidos figurados, como este del siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poco importa que a este género de conducta vil, llamen los discretos ignominia de la naturaleza racional. Eso no lo saben los mentecatos; y sólo con estos se ha de hacer el caldo gordo de nuestra fortuna.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Martín Sarmiento, &quot;El porque sí y porque no&quot;, a1772 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es el mismo sentido que el que buscas, pero ya nos da a entender que un &lt;em&gt;caldo gordo&lt;/em&gt; se puede asociar a abundancia, como en otra frase que he leído: &quot;a tener dinero, que es quien hace el caldo gordo&quot;. El siguiente paso ya es asociar el &lt;em&gt;hacerle un caldo gordo a alguien&lt;/em&gt; con &quot;darle todo lo que quiere&quot;. Esto se empieza a ver en el siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Constitución, tal cual es, nos ha de hacer sudar a los que queremos echarla abajo; pero si, por purísima ignorancia, nos ayudan a destruirla los mismos que la sostienen, nos hacen el caldo gordo y les debemos estar muy agradecidos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sebastián de Miñano, &quot;Sátiras y panfletos del Trienio Constitucional&quot;, 1820-1823 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O este de la hemeroteca, ligeramente anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esta plaza [de Censor de los Diarios de Madrid] no ha tenido jamás dotacion fixa, pero los gages, y emolumentos que rinde de maldiciones, amenazas, rencores y acusaciones de los censurados, son capaces de hacer el caldo gordo á qualquier pobre diablo.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diario de Madrid. 2/5/1800, página 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos usos son ya semejantes al que se le da en la actualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T06:11:26.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27256" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-30T06:57:16.580" Score="10" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo por ahí he visto que en latín los días de la semana tenían dos variantes, una para los cristianos y otra que venía de más antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Latín (ptolemaico)      Latín (cristianismo)&#xA; --------------------------------------------&#xA; dies Solis              dies dominica&#xA; dies Lunae              secunda feria&#xA; dies Martis             tertia feria&#xA; dies Mercurii           quarta feria&#xA; dies Jovis              quinta feria&#xA; dies Veneris            sexta feria&#xA; dies Saturni            sabbatum&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sistema cristiano lleva en uso en el idioma portugués &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/a/879/4296&quot;&gt;desde el siglo VI&lt;/a&gt;, mientras que los españoles usamos nombres derivados del otro sistema (salvo para el sábado y el domingo). Ignoro los motivos religiosos de esto, pero sí que es cierto que si buscamos los nombres de los días de la semana en diccionarios antiguos, nos encontramos con esto por ejemplo en el de Covarrubias (1611):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LVNES, el dia que se sigue al Domingo, que en el oficio Ecclesiastico, llamamos feria segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MIERCOLES, vno de los dias de la semana [...]. En el Kalendario Romano se llama Feria quarta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;VIERNES, vno de los dias de la semana [...] La Iglesia Catolica le dio nõbre de sexta feria [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay varios hechos curiosos. En primer lugar el diccionario de Covarrubias no tiene entradas para el martes y el jueves. Y en segundo lugar en cada día definido hace mención por un lado al &quot;oficio eclesiástico&quot;, por otro al &quot;calendario romano&quot; y por otro a la &quot;iglesia católica&quot;. Pero el caso es que da la sensación de que durante mucho tiempo la Iglesia trató de que los días de la semana fueran denominados usando el sistema de &quot;ferias&quot;, aunque se ve que no tuvo mucho éxito aquí en España, como se lee en este texto (adaptado para mejor comprensión) del siglo XIII, que ha de explicar que &quot;segunda feria&quot; se refiere al lunes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et andava otrossi estonçes el anno de la Encarnaçion del sennor, en mill &amp;amp; cc &amp;amp; xii, en la segunda feria, esto es en el dia del Lunes, xvi dias antes de las calendas de Agosto, esto es xvi dias por andar del mes de Julio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;Estoria de España, II&quot;, 1270-1284 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es: ¿llegó a usarse de forma consistente el sistema de &quot;ferias&quot; en español para los días de la semana, ya sea tanto en alguna época temporal como en algún ámbito concreto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que en el entorno eclesiástico sí se usa, dada una de las acepciones actuales de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HlfHahn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;feria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. En el lenguaje eclesiástico, cualquiera de los días de la semana, excepto el sábado y domingo; p. ej., la segunda feria es el lunes; la tercera, el martes, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y dada también la definición que Covarrubias da para &lt;em&gt;feria&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FERIA, dias de feria, o feriados, se dezian los dias de fiesta y de huelga; en los quales no se trabaja [...] La Yglesia Catolica en su Kalendario, contando los dias se la semana, por desechar los nõbres profanos della, de Luna, Marte, Mercurio, Iupiter, Venus, &amp;amp;c. dexando el nombre del Sabado [...]. Nosotros la empeçamos por Domingo, dia del Señor: y los demas dias nombramos segunda feria, tercera feria, quarta, quinta, sexta feria: porque en todos los dias de la semana se haze sacrificio a Dios, y se celebran los oficios diuinos [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que Sebastián de Covarrubias era miembro de la Iglesia (fue canónigo de la Catedral de Cuenca) y por tanto defendía esos términos, aunque en la calle se usaran los mismos que ahora. Así que insisto, incluso en este ámbito ¿se usa (o usó) de forma consistente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T14:12:13.113" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T14:37:46.640" Title="¿Se usó alguna vez el sistema de &quot;ferias&quot; para los días de la semana?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27244" CreationDate="2018-08-30T09:09:26.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complementando lo indicado por la correctísima &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27255/1674&quot;&gt;respuesta de Charlie&lt;/a&gt;, creo interesante mostrar lo que describe el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.taringa.net/posts/info/1636864/El-origen-de-frases-que-siempre-usamos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El origen de frases que siempre usamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Taringa!:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer el caldo gordo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho popular que se utiliza con el significado de adular, ayudar o favorecer a alguien con el fin de obtener algún beneficio. El “caldo gordo” es un plato imaginario, no existen recetas que sirvan para prepararlo, aunque su contenido sería diverso y variado, con verduras y carnes de todo tipo. El caldo, sustancia reconstituyente, era en otro tiempo alimento para trabajadores a domicilio, viajeros y menesterosos que necesitaban un sustancioso aporte de calorías. Por lo que se sabe, el significado de “caldo gordo” sería lo contrario que el aguachirle, insustante por naturaleza, sin apenas calorías en su contenido alimenticio. Con el caldo gordo se agasajaba a personajes de importancia y el aguachirle se reservaba para los que no podían pagar o andaban escasos de recursos económicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, hacer el caldo gordo a alguien sería, literalmente, prepararle una comida nutritiva que le haría bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Charlie &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27244/c%C3%B3mo-lleg%C3%B3-el-coloquialismo-hacer-el-caldo-gordo-a-tener-su-significado-actua/27255#comment45767_27244&quot;&gt;objetó&lt;/a&gt; que lo de &amp;quot;el caldo gordo es un plato imaginario&amp;quot; no es del todo correcto, indicando que hay tratados gastronómicos del siglo XVI que hablan de &amp;quot;caldo gordo&amp;quot;, que no es más que un &amp;quot;caldo graso&amp;quot;. Por tanto, sea o no sea imaginario, un caldo así en esencia es un caldo &amp;quot;potente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:09:26.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27261" CreationDate="2018-08-30T09:39:02.810" Score="3" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer descubrí que la palabra catalana &lt;em&gt;ganàpia&lt;/em&gt; es una construcción con sufijo caló:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0068561&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ganàpia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;[1653; deriv. de gana amb el sufix caló -àpia, -ípia]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;m i f Persona adolescent o adulta que fa coses pròpies d'una criatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir: &lt;em&gt;ganàpia&lt;/em&gt; deriva de &quot;gana&quot; con el sufijo caló -àpia, -ípia y se refiere a la persona adolescente o adulta que hace cosas propias de una criatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, es un sufijo que el diccionario de catalán solo atribuye a esta única palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de allí, me puse a trasladar el descubrimiento a la lengua castellana, así que en el DLE busqué por aquellas palabras terminadas por &quot;apia&quot; y me encontré unas cuantas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;aeroterapia, aromaterapia, aromatoterapia, balneoterapia, bioterapia, capia, chapia, cinesiterapia, cobaltoterapia, crioterapia, electroterapia, ergoterapia, escolapio,, pia, farmacoterapia, fisioterapia, fitoterapia, fototerapia, gemoterapia, helioterapia, hidroterapia, hormonoterapia, inmunoterapia, kinesioterapia, kinesiterapia, laborterapia, magnetoterapia, masoterapia, mecanoterapia, melapia, mesoterapia, metaloterapia, musicoterapia, napia, opoterapia, prosapia, psicoterapia, quimioterapia, quinesioterapia, quinesiterapia, radioterapia, radiumterapia, reflexoterapia, sarapia, sarrapia, seroterapia, sicoterapia, sueroterapia, talasoterapia, tapia, terapia, -terapia, termoterapia, tilapia, vacunoterapia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando con detenimiento la lista, pocas usan estrictamente el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-apia&lt;/em&gt; y suelen usar &lt;em&gt;-terapia&lt;/em&gt; u otras, cuando usan. Hay localismos (&lt;em&gt;chapia&lt;/em&gt;, de Honduras) pero encontré dos que sí me suenan del habla coloquial: &lt;em&gt;napia&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tapia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QEnG66t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;napia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. Nariz de una persona, especialmente cuando es muy grande. U. m. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z7ugCOs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tapia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De or. inc.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Cada uno de los trozos de pared que se hacen de una sola vez con tierra amasada y apisonada en un encofrado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Tierra amasada y apisonada con que se hace una tapia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Pared formada de tapias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Muro de cerca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Constr. Medida superficial que en Madrid era de 49 o 50 pies cuadrados.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tapia real&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Constr. Pared que se forma mezclando la tierra con alguna parte de cal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;más sordo, da que una tapia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adj. coloq. Muy sordo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso del sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ipia&lt;/em&gt; hubo menos suerte entre las que encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;calcotipia, calitipia, calotipia, catatipia, celotipia, cromotipia, daguerrotipia, electrotipia, escripia, estenotipia, estereotipia, fototipia, galvanotipia, linotipia, monotipia, platinotipia, ripia, serendipia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Casi todas ellas usan el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-tipia&lt;/em&gt; que viene del griego τυπία -typía, derivado de τύπος týpos 'molde'. Y luego está &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xem9fCc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;serendipia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que parece de la antigua denominación de Sri Lanka que se hace en el cuento &lt;em&gt;Three Princess of Serendip&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero bueno, que me estoy yendo del tema. La cuestión aquí es que he encontrado dos palabras, &lt;em&gt;napia&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tapia&lt;/em&gt;, que el DLE recoge de origen incierto, pero que a la vez son coloquiales, de uso en España y que tienen un sufijo caló. ¿Hay manera de descubrir si realmente son palabras de origen caló?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encuentro un artículo como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/lugo/2009/07/07/palabras-currar-molar-chaval-napia-camelar-proceden-lengua-romano/0003_7832004.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palabras como «currar», «molar», «chaval», «napia» o «camelar» proceden de la lengua romanó&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pero no da referencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T10:19:38.367" Title="¿Proceden &quot;napia&quot; y &quot;tapia&quot; del caló?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;caló&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27259" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para preguntas que versen sobre las relaciones existentes entre una palabra o construcción en español y otra en caló. Por ejemplo, preguntas sobre orígenes comunes, extranjerismos tomados de dicho idioma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evitar su uso en preguntas que solamente necesiten una &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/traducci%c3%b3n&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;traducci&amp;#243;n&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;traducci&amp;#243;n&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede usarse en preguntas de &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/translation-golf&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;translation-golf&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;translation-golf&lt;/a&gt; para indicar el idioma de esa edición del juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27260" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y caló. // Questions about the relationship between Spanish and Caló languages." OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T09:41:38.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27258" CreationDate="2018-08-30T10:10:30.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En primer lugar, te cito a Corominas para &lt;em&gt;tapia&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TAPIA. princ. S. XIII, 'trozo de pared que se hace con tierra amasada y apisonada en una horma', 'pared formada de tapias'. Vieja palabra común a las tres lenguas romances peninsulares y a la lengua de Oc, y propagada desde España al árabe y hasta el turco; en catalán se halla desde 1169 y en mozárabe desde el S. X. Hay que suponer una antigua base hispánica *TAPIA, para nombrar este objeto, que ya era típico de la Hispania romana; probte. formado con ¡TAP!, onomatopeya del apisonamiento, comp. el cat. y oc. &lt;em&gt;tap, tapàs&lt;/em&gt;, 'arcilla', y &lt;em&gt;atap(e)ir&lt;/em&gt; 'aplastar o apisonar con los pies', 'tupir'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que le da un origen onomatopéyico y muy antiguo. Esto descarta el caló como posible origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;napia&lt;/em&gt;, no aparece en el Corominas, y en el DLE solo aparece registrado dese 2001 y ya por entonces su origen era incierto. Lo único que te puedo comentar es que se originó a finales del siglo XIX, a juzgar por los primeros casos entontrados en la hemeroteca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si una chula del barrio se viera insultada por un &lt;em&gt;tiriyas&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  San Lorenzo de fijo le daba en las &lt;em&gt;napias&lt;/em&gt; con las &lt;em&gt;parriyas&lt;/em&gt;; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Época (Madrid). 10/8/1889, n.º 13.279, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque el diario sea de Madrid, el texto pertenece a una zarzuela titulada &lt;em&gt;Cádiz&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que no sé si el uso de la palabra es madrileño o gaditano. Lo que sí puedo decir es que por entonces la palabra era de reciente cuño o considerada vulgar, por su uso en cursiva en el texto original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que me fui a buscar el término en el Fichero General, y ahí sí se encuentran cosas interesantes. Una de las fichas dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según J. Gobello es italianismo (it. nappia [...]) recogido por el caló.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra ficha afirma que es &quot;voz de germanía muy popularizada&quot;, y otra incide en que viene &quot;del dialectal italiano&quot;. Así que sí, es probable que provenga del caló como afirmas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T10:19:38.367" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T10:19:38.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27256" CreationDate="2018-08-30T14:36:42.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me apuntan a una referencia interesante, aunque algo tardía: el &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=5dtloetnNSAC&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA399#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Suplemento al Diccionario de Teología del Abate Bergier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (1857), que en su artículo &quot;Feria&quot; explica que los días deben denominarse &lt;em&gt;feria segunda, feria tercera&lt;/em&gt;, etc. por orden del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvestre_I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Papa Silvestre&lt;/a&gt; (c270-335), pero que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El mandamiento del Papa S. Silvestre, tocante al nombre de ferias, no&#xA;  se ha seguido sino en los libros eclesiásticos, y los nombres que los&#xA;  paganos adscribían á los días de la semana, están todavía en uso entre&#xA;  los escritores latinos, escepto en las materias eclesiásticas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta implícita lamentación (que todo el mundo sigue el uso pagano pese a la orden del Papa) parece indicar que lo de &quot;ferias&quot; nunca prendió entre el público.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-08-30T14:43:53.987" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T14:43:53.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27266" CreationDate="2018-08-30T17:29:50.423" Score="11" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27256/se-us%C3%B3-alguna-vez-el-sistema-de-ferias-para-los-d%C3%ADas-de-la-semana&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, the Latin names for the days of the week used to &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; be named for the planets of Hellenistic astrology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Weekday&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Planet&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Solis&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Sol&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Lunae&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Luna&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Martis&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mars&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Mercurii&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mercury&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Jovis&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Jupiter&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Veneris&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Venus&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;dies Saturni&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Saturn&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the influence of Catholicism, its Ecclesiastical Latin names replaced those of the weekend in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sábado&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sabbatum&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;domingo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;dies Dominicus&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(and in most other romance languages, an exception being &lt;em&gt;De Sadorn&lt;/em&gt; in Corsican).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any record of intermediary forms being used between the Late Latin &lt;em&gt;dies Saturni, dies Solis&lt;/em&gt; and modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;sábado, domingo&lt;/em&gt;? e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[dies] Saturni &amp;gt; *satorne(s) &amp;gt; *sadornes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[dies] Solis &amp;gt; *soles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-30T15:13:50.117" LastActivityDate="2021-04-30T15:13:50.117" Title="What were the old Spanish names for &quot;sábado&quot; and &quot;domingo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28670" CreationDate="2018-08-30T23:19:10.730" Score="3" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;George Louderback analizó un resumen de una carta. En enero de 1840 el juez de paz de Branciforte, México, dijo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... que en los dias 16 y 17 hizo gran estrago el mar. Salió de su seno más de 200 varas y se llevó toda &lt;strong&gt;la teja&lt;/strong&gt; destinada para la nación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este mismo juez fue encargado con entregar, y luego acusado de robar, &lt;strong&gt;tejas de barro&lt;/strong&gt;. El reporte que él mismo da, podría ser una mentira o hasta un error. Pero no sé si unas olas podrían arrastrar unas tejas de barro; tal vez si las tejas fuesen delgadas y estuvieran guardadas a la orilla del agua... Pero la verdad es que jamás lo he visto y no sé qué tan posible es. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿y si &lt;em&gt;la teja&lt;/em&gt; no fueran tejas de barro? Louderback recuenta que el profesor Rudolph Schevill le representó que la forma singular podría abarcar otras materias, tales como la madera. En construcciones de adobe, más allá de las tejas de barro, se ocupaban por lo menos vigas de madera. Pero esa extensión de sentido la RAE no parece respaldarla; solamente hacia otras cosas con forma acanalada. No creo que ninguna casa de adobe usase pura madera en el techo porque tenían muy poca obra de madera. Cabe mencionar que había también casas de palizada en el pueblo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podremos decir con certitud si aquella &lt;em&gt;teja&lt;/em&gt; era de barro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ITRAD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ITRAD.png&quot; alt=&quot;Carta del 1840&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T09:50:39.250" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T10:16:46.620" Title="¿Puede &quot;teja&quot; denominar un objeto que sería llevado por las olas del mar?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27267" CreationDate="2018-08-31T09:00:50.273" Score="3" ViewCount="1027" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DLE vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xq3Yh9k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sierpe&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. serpens 'serpiente'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Culebra de gran tamaño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego la más conocida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XgaWG9j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;serpiente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. serpens, -entis, de serpĕre 'serpentear'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Reptil ofidio sin pies, de cuerpo aproximadamente cilíndrico y muy largo respecto de su grueso, cabeza aplanada, boca grande y piel pintada simétricamente con colores diversos, escamosa, y cuya parte externa o epidermis muda por completo el animal de tiempo en tiempo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas con más acepciones que no vienen el caso. Las dos palabras tienen el mismo origen: el latín &lt;em&gt;serpens&lt;/em&gt;, que &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/serpent#etymonline_v_23273&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa serpiente&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué proceso llevó a &lt;em&gt;recluir&lt;/em&gt; la palabra &lt;em&gt;sierpe&lt;/em&gt; en un caso muy específico de serpiente, mientras que la palabra &lt;em&gt;serpiente&lt;/em&gt;, más lejana etimológicamente, recibió todo el significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T10:09:28.567" LastActivityDate="2018-08-31T12:32:17.620" Title="¿Por qué decimos &quot;serpiente&quot; y no &quot;sierpe&quot;, si ambas vienen del latín &quot;serpens&quot;? ¿Cómo se convirtió &quot;sierpe&quot; en un caso particular de &quot;serpiente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2018-08-31T11:09:45.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The names of the week proposed by the Catholic Church (from &quot;segunda feria&quot; to &quot;sexta feria&quot; and then &quot;sábado&quot; and &quot;domingo&quot;) were proposed in the 4th century by Pope Sylvester. The names &quot;sábado&quot; and &quot;domingo&quot; were accepted by the people whereas the other names were not, as we know (at least in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can see in texts written in Old Spanish from the 12th century that the names &quot;sábado&quot; and &quot;domingo&quot; were used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Qui fuere á poblacion, ó exier de termino de viyla, venga al conceylo de la viyla ó del aldea &lt;strong&gt;sabado&lt;/strong&gt; á vesperas, ó &lt;strong&gt;domingo&lt;/strong&gt; á misa, et diga: dexo mi heredat á este mio parient en comenda, et qual que ora viniere ayla sua heredat salva.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anonymous, &quot;Fueros de Medinaceli&quot;, c1129 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before that century the texts are mostly written in Hispanic Latin, like this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In Era TCXXIIII notum &lt;strong&gt;die sabatum&lt;/strong&gt; ipsas kalendas Agustas; et quicunque fuerit contra istam donacionem [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anonymous, &quot;Escritura de donación&quot;, 1086 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even earlier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Facta carta &lt;strong&gt;die dominico&lt;/strong&gt;; regnante rex Ramiro in Legione [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anonymous, &quot;De Cavia&quot;, 922 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this time 600 years had already passed after the Catholic Church proposed their names. I can't find any text written in Spanish that uses another names (such as &lt;em&gt;die solis&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;die saturni&lt;/em&gt; or similar expressions), and besides going before the 10th century is going beyond the realm of the Spanish language. Maybe this could be a question for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Latin language&lt;/a&gt; stack exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-25T20:22:45.347" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T20:22:45.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27265" CreationDate="2018-08-31T11:27:20.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Serpēns&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;ē&lt;/em&gt; larga) y &lt;em&gt;serpentis&lt;/em&gt; son dos formas (caso nominativo y caso genitivo respectivamente) de la misma palabra latina, que es un sustantivo derivado del participio presente activo del verbo &lt;em&gt;serpĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En latín los casos estaban marcados por sufijos que el cambio fonético fue erosionando, de manera que primero se perdió la distinción entre el nominativo y los casos oblicuos (todos los otros), y luego también ésta. Con muchas palabras latinas esto implicaría llegar a formas idénticas en todos los casos, puesto que al quitarles los sufijos y perderse la distinción entre vocales cortas y largas, la forma de la raíz que queda termina siendo la misma en nominativo, acusativo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es el caso de &lt;em&gt;serpēns&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo paradigma tiene una sola forma de dos sílabas con acento tónico en la primera (precisamente el nom. sing. &lt;em&gt;serpēns&lt;/em&gt;) y el resto con formas trisilábicas con acento en la segunda (&lt;em&gt;serpentem, serpentis&lt;/em&gt;, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en castellano, como en la mayoría de las otras lenguas romances, &lt;strong&gt;los sustantivos no derivan del caso nominativo del latín, sino del acusativo&lt;/strong&gt; (o del caso oblicuo producto de la fusión del acusativo con los otros exceptuando el nominativo, que se cree que existió en romance, aunque no está documentado). Esto tiene cierto sentido por lo siguiente: la mayor parte de los sustantivos de uso común designan objetos, plantas, animales, etc. que en el habla habitual tienen más chances de aparecer como objetos directos o indirectos verbales, o como objetos de preposiciones, que como sujetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como dije más arriba, sin embargo, en general no habría diferencia al final si se tomase un caso u otro. Pero en la tercera declinación el nominativo singular tiende a ser &quot;rebelde&quot;; es más corto y se acentúa diferente. Estas formas anómalas, incluso no mediando lo dicho anteriormente sobre los casos más frecuentes, son sustituidas por analogía con el resto del paradigma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Serpēns&lt;/em&gt; es justamente de la tercera declinación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí ya entra una hipótesis propia mía, porque no sé cuándo comenzó a usarse más &lt;em&gt;serpiente&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;sierpe&lt;/em&gt;, pero se me ocurre que fueron adquiridas por el romance o el castellano antiguo en momentos diferentes. Ninguna de las dos es fonéticamente anómala, como ocurriría con un cultismo (&lt;em&gt;sierpe&lt;/em&gt; muestra la diptongación y la erosión de las consonantes finales que se espera de cualquier palabra latina que haya pasado por los procesos regulares), pero &lt;em&gt;sierpe&lt;/em&gt; es anómala por descender de un nominativo latino. Evidentemente, para cuando fueron aceptadas por el idioma, no fueron tomadas como formas de un mismo paradigma, y sus significados debieron diferenciarse. La palabra más común y regular, &lt;em&gt;serpiente&lt;/em&gt;, quedó como la más general, y &lt;em&gt;sierpe&lt;/em&gt; se especializó. Por qué, cuándo y cómo ocurrió esto, no lo sé.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T12:32:17.620" LastActivityDate="2018-08-31T12:32:17.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27246" CreationDate="2018-08-31T13:41:49.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré el texto original &lt;a href=&quot;https://knigogid.ru/books/260262-vivir/toread&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.  Creo que la primera frase que citas no es la mejor para introducir el personaje, y propongo esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conocí a una joven preciosa, de las que enamoran.... La vi bajarse disimuladamente las perneras del pantalón, y luego ocultar sus pies descalzos en la hierba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consideremos tu idea de meter la conjunción &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La vi que bajarse disimuladamente las perneras del pantalón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no funciona.  Habría que conjugar &lt;em&gt;bajarse&lt;/em&gt;, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La vi que se bajó disimuladamente las perneras del pantalón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón: porque la conjunción &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; se usa para unir dos cláusulas, y una cláusula tiene que tener un verbo conjugado.  Los dos módulos conectados por &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; tienen que valer como oraciones.  Primera cláusula: &lt;em&gt;La vi.&lt;/em&gt;  Segunda: &lt;em&gt;[Ella] bajó las perneras del pantalón.&lt;/em&gt;  Aquí no tenemos dos cláusulas -- &amp;quot;bajarse&amp;quot; es infinitivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te doy otros ejemplos de la construcción original, con equivalente en inglés, por si eso ayuda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo vi correr hacia los muchachos. | &lt;em&gt;I saw him run toward the boys.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te vi quitarte la chaqueta y dejarla junto a la portería. | &lt;em&gt;I saw you take off your jacket and leave it next to the goal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-08-31T16:46:12.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27293" CreationDate="2018-08-31T19:55:43.200" Score="3" ViewCount="3022" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estaba convencido de que los nombres propios seguían las normas de ortografía (pese a haber llegado incluso a ver un &amp;quot;Iban&amp;quot; escrito tal que así en el DNI).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En España hay una empresa (una cadena de supermercados llamada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dia.es/compra-online/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dia&lt;/a&gt;). Lo mire donde lo mire, Dia aparece sin tilde. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermercados_Dia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; explica que el nombre de la empresa es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;istribuidora &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;nternacional de &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;limentación, &lt;strong&gt;DIA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por un lado y otro explica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La filosofía proporcionada por &lt;strong&gt;Dia&lt;/strong&gt; es [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cadena &lt;strong&gt;Dia&lt;/strong&gt; fue creada en España en 1979 con [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que el nombre &amp;quot;DIA&amp;quot; es un acrónimo, aunque lo vea escrito con mayor frecuencia como &amp;quot;Dia&amp;quot; que &amp;quot;DIA&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no lo he encontrado en la RAE (sí en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/los-nombres-propios-tambien-siguen-las-normas-de-ortografia-te-pongas-como-te-pongas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;), cualquier búsqueda en al red lo confirma: &lt;strong&gt;Los nombres propios también siguen las normas de ortografía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez el enlace más relevante es  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duoc.cl/ver/noticia/para-los-nombres-propios-no-existen-reglas-ortograficas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Para los nombres propios no existen reglas ortográficas? | Noticia&lt;/a&gt; que explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A los nombres propias se les aplican las mismas reglas de ortografía que al resto de las palabras en el español, tanto en la &lt;em&gt;acentuación&lt;/em&gt; como en las letras que lo componen. La idea de que &amp;quot;los nombres de las personas no tienen ortografía&amp;quot; es porque cada quien puede inscribir un nombre con una forma ortográfica determinada en el registro civil, como por ejemplo: Helena, Elena, Ema, Emma, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a la acentuaciá, por us caracter discrimnatorio, si alguien decidiera escribir su apellido como &amp;quot;Gonzalez&amp;quot;(sin tilde), deberá asumir que los demas lo pronuncien como palabra aguda (&amp;quot;Gonzaléz&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.upb.edu.co/es/blogs/palabras-en-orden/escritura-y-ortografia-de-nombres-propios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Tienen los nombres propios ortografía?&lt;/a&gt; se dice que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice la RAE que, en cuanto a la utilización de letras, se debe respetar la forma como nos registraron, pero, en cuanto a lo no escritura de las tildes, ellos afirman, que si nuestros nombres y apellidos, &lt;strong&gt;por reglas de acentuación de palabras, llevan tilde, así nos hayan registrado sin ellas, hay que ponerlas&lt;/strong&gt;. Esto debido a que son términos comunes y corrientes y, como tal, deben cumplir con todas las normas ortográficas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces mi pregunta es por qué el nombre de la empresa Dia no lleva tilde. ¿Es porque se trata de un acrónimo? ¿O es porque ellos han querido registrarla así pero debería llevar tilde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que un nombre propio, por el hecho de ser un acrónimo, esté exento de cumplir las reglas de  ortografía, pero lo mismo me equivoco y hay una regla al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T12:10:09.390" Title="¿Por qué este &quot;Dia&quot; no lleva tilde?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-08-31T22:15:23.197" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hago esta pregunta a raíz de lo ocurrido en esta pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27253/17253&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27253/17253&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la cual, una compañera usuaria pregunta por la frase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vi bajarse disimuladamente las perneras del pantalón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es un caso de laísmo indiscutible. Sin embargo, surge la duda en una oración similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vi bajarse (disimuladamente) a ella. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Bajarse del tren, o de donde sea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, &quot;La vi bajarse&quot; es laísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi argumento es que &quot;bajarse&quot;, acabamos de decir, actúa como sustantivo, es más, es el complemento directo. Como en &lt;code&gt;vi eso&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ello forzaría a que &lt;code&gt;a ella&lt;/code&gt; sea complemento indirecto, así que debería ser Le.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le ví bajarse = Se lo vi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto sería así, a no ser que [ver bajarse] fuera, en sí mismo, un bloque.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en las perífrasis verbales, no aparece. &quot;ver bajarse&quot; no es una perífrasis verbal, así que no debería ser una entidad única. La última posibilidad, a la que se agarrará mucha gente, es que sea una locución verbal. Si interpretamos ver bajarse como una locución verbal, entonces es un bloque, y podemos decir &lt;code&gt;[vi bajarse] a ella&lt;/code&gt;; donde &lt;code&gt;&quot;a ella&quot;&lt;/code&gt; volvería a ser CD, y podría sustituirse por &quot;La&quot;. Personalmente, me parece muy forzado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, @pablodf76  adjunta esta excelente respuesta donde dice que este tipo de verbos forman una excepción. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26276/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-papel-del-infinitivo-en-una-frase-con-pasiva-refleja/26280#26280&quot;&gt;(Respuesta).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La pregunta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que la pregunta es: aunque se pueda decir &quot;La vi bajarse&quot;, ¿es la única posibilidad, o también se puede decir le vi bajarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Es curioso cómo suenan bien &quot;La vi bajar&quot; y &quot;la vi bajando&quot;, pero &quot;bajarse&quot;, con el &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; parece incluir ya un complemento directo que no está presente en las otras dos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-01T21:19:18.127" Title="¿Es esto un caso de leísmo?" Tags="&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;&lt;laísmo-leísmo-loísmo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27272" CreationDate="2018-09-01T08:49:29.667" Score="3" ViewCount="784" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El algodón de los campos ya había sido cosechado, y unas cuantas&#xA;  mujeres con pañuelo en la cabeza estaban arrancando los tallos; el&#xA;  trasero &lt;strong&gt;se les movía&lt;/strong&gt; al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el diccionario, un significado de &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt; significa que “Menear o agitar una cosa o parte de algún cuerpo”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí, &lt;em&gt;se les movía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;es “moverse(reflexivo) a &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;”?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;o “mover algo (el trasero) a &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;”  (objeto indirecto)? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y del último “&lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;”, ¿se refiere a las demás mujeres, no la mujer que movía su trasero? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="19999" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T02:42:10.323" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T02:42:10.323" Title="¿Qué significa “el trasero se les movía...”?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27271" CreationDate="2018-09-01T10:33:14.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;se&quot; es reflexivo. &quot;Les&quot; es complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, por algún motivo, no nos gusta demasiado utilizar determinantes posesivos. En su lugar, trasladamos la &quot;posesión&quot; al complemento indirecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El trasero se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; movía = &lt;strong&gt;Sus&lt;/strong&gt; traseros se movían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &quot;les&quot; está indicando que es el trasero de ellas, se les movía a ellas. No es el trasero de otra persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: en realidad, también es típico decir &quot;Su trasero se les movía&quot;. En este caso, &quot;les&quot; es prescindible, actúa como dativo ético. Simplemente observa que, en español, es muy preferible utilizar pronombres (lo, la, le). Puedes añadir posesivos, pero el pronombre es preferible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-09-01T13:18:34.410" LastActivityDate="2018-09-01T13:18:34.410" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27270" CreationDate="2018-09-01T21:19:18.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comenté en la otra respuesta, quizá estemos ante diferencias dialectales. El rioplatense no es laísta, en el sentido de que las siguientes oraciones serían percibidas como incorrectas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él abusaba de ella y la pegaba.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dala un beso a tu abuela.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La duele la cabeza.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;em&gt;«La vi bajarse las perneras del pantalón»&lt;/em&gt;, que OP considera &quot;un caso de laísmo indiscutible&quot;, para mí es totalmente aceptable, al igual que en masculino, &lt;em&gt;«Lo vi bajarse (a él) las perneras del pantalón»&lt;/em&gt;, y de hecho si alguien dijera cerca mío &lt;em&gt;«Le vi bajarse…»&lt;/em&gt; yo pensaría inmediatamente que se trata de un español (porque el leísmo es un rasgo que asociamos al español de España). Y lo mismo vale si sacamos del medio las susodichas perneras, haciendo de la oración una intransitiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo me doy cuenta de que hay un &quot;problema&quot; con ese pronombre, y por eso refiero de nuevo a lo que encontré la vez anterior, que es el asunto del llamado &lt;strong&gt;sujeto en acusativo&lt;/strong&gt;, que aparece en esta clase de construcciones con infinitivo (&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pnOcgRAkmEkgdzhP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGLE 26.9e&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... la solución propuesta... [c]onsiste en entender que las oraciones&#xA;  de infinitivo mencionadas contienen SUJETOS EN ACUSATIVO. Esta&#xA;  solución (...) permite suponer que el complemento del verbo de&#xA;  percepción o causativo es una entidad oracional o cuasioracional, como&#xA;  la encerrada entre corchetes en &lt;em&gt;Vio [&lt;strong&gt;a Rocío&lt;/strong&gt; salir de casa]&lt;/em&gt;, con&#xA;  la particularidad de que el segmento &lt;strong&gt;resaltado&lt;/strong&gt; es el sujeto de la&#xA;  oración marcada (que carece de verbo en forma finita) y a la vez el&#xA;  complemento directo del verbo principal. Los corchetes encierran el&#xA;  argumento que corresponde al paciente del verbo &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, el&#xA;  segmento que denota la noción vista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de la explicación, sería interesante probar mi idea de que se trata de un tema de dialectos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como chequeo acabo de preguntarle a mi esposa qué piensa de estas frases. Las versiones con &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; le parecen, como a mí, naturales; de las versiones con &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; solo dijo que &quot;así no se puede saber de qué género es la persona&quot;, y cuando ante eso probé diciendo &lt;em&gt;«Le vi bajarse &lt;strong&gt;a ella&lt;/strong&gt; del tren»&lt;/em&gt;, instantáneamente replicó: &quot;Eso es raro, suena a español.&quot; Sólo una anécdota, naturalmente (y mi esposa es nacida y criada en la misma ciudad que yo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-01T21:19:18.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-02T14:44:41.877" Score="5" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... que está empezando a &lt;strong&gt;cansarme&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... que &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; está empezando a &lt;strong&gt;cansar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it just a difference of one being stylistically better than the other? Or do they differ in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19621" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:22:09.373" Title="Difference in meaning between using the compound &quot;cansarme&quot; and the separated &quot;me ... cansar&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2018-09-02T15:18:19.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tiene el mismo significado que la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Proverbios_venezolanos#A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;al ojo por ciento&quot;&lt;/a&gt; utilizada en Venezuela o &quot;al ojo del un buen cubero&quot; en otros países hispanos. Y no es una regla &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;, sino una expresión que denota rapididez para medir o calcular algo. Es básicamente un cálculo aproximado por estimación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso angloparlante también denota facilidad y simpleza para hacer algo. Ellos le dicen &quot;rule&quot; refiriéndose a dictamen judicial, aunque la mayoría ignora ese carácter y piensa que en hecho es una regla o método. Es confuso por qué fue un dictamen que determinaba un método. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20069" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T10:44:38.553" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T10:44:38.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27275" CreationDate="2018-09-02T15:58:17.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are perfectly equivalent in modern Spanish.  Whenever you have  a personal pronoun or verb that's in the infinitive (or in the gerund) and is hierarchically linked to another verb (in this case, &lt;em&gt;empezando&lt;/em&gt;, which in turn is linked to &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt;), you are able to &quot;raise&quot; it higher in the chain —that is, bring it closer to the main verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also partially raise it, and attach it to &lt;em&gt;empezando,&lt;/em&gt; although it will require an accent in such a case: &quot;...que está empezándome a cansar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:18:03.763" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:18:03.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27291" CreationDate="2018-09-02T17:54:58.120" Score="4" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed the &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Vhk4AQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;rapididez&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;occasional use&lt;/a&gt;* of the word &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt; in place of &lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt;. The word doesn't appear in any dictionary I have searched.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it/was it ever a Spanish word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it simply a calque from e.g. Englsih &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rapidity#English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;rapidity&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or Catalan &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=rapiditat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;rapiditat&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or a neologism made by analogy to e.g. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WkeBDNG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rotundidez&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;lt; rotundidad &amp;lt; rotundo)&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;* I first saw it used in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/revisions/27277/3&quot;&gt;this comment&lt;/a&gt;, and then googling it produced a few hundred results:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22rapididez%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;rapididez&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (157 hits)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=%22r%C3%A1pididez%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;rápididez&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (117 hits)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;which made me suspect there may be some common reason this error was made.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T12:41:06.070" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T12:41:06.070" Title="Origin of &quot;rapididez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-02T18:17:29.777" Score="5" ViewCount="1949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta se me vino a la mente gracias a la pésima traducción que vi en el aeropuerto de Nueva York (&amp;quot;Pet Relief Area - Área de mascotas relief&amp;quot;), aunque no se me ocurre ninguna traducción breve correcta.  He visto «zona de alivio» pero obviamente esa frase tiene otros significados.  Debe referirse a una zona del aeropuerto donde los dueños de mascotas pueden llevar los mismos para mear y cagar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se le denomina a este tipo de zona en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pet Relief Area - Área de mascotas relief&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I0qFc.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I0qFc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pet Relief Area - Área de mascotas relief&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T16:40:39.520" Title="¿Cómo se llama una zona donde las mascotas pueden orinar y defecar?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27280" CreationDate="2018-09-02T18:42:15.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;baños para perros&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; en un artículo sobre la cuestión: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elmundo.es/viajes/america/2018/07/20/5b50752746163faca68b4615.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo último en los aeropuertos: baños exclusivos para perros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] cada vez son más también los aeropuertos que se suman a la idea de contar con un baño exclusivo para mascotas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] una normativa del país ,a través del departamento de Transporte, obliga a los aeropuertos con más de 10.000 pasajeros al día que instalen un aseo especial para las mascotas que viajan con sus dueños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T16:40:39.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="356" CreationDate="2018-09-02T20:35:16.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Does this problem happen in any other regions of the world?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These conjugations will only appear in dialects which use &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;, so that limits us to the Spanish of peninsular Spain (and possibly also Equatoguinean and Filipino Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Does it also happen with other verbs?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect very very rarely. Given that the terminal &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; is lost when attaching the enclitic pronoun &lt;em&gt;os&lt;/em&gt; to the positive vosotros imperative, I can only imagine the retention of a &lt;em&gt;-d&lt;/em&gt; and its subsequent lenition to &lt;em&gt;-r-&lt;/em&gt; occurring in other &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/3497/cu%C3%A1ndo-quitaron-los-acentos-de-las-palabras-como-fu%C3%A9&quot;&gt;monosyllabic&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs, i.e. &lt;em&gt;huir, luir, muir, gruir, fruir&lt;/em&gt; and possibly &lt;em&gt;oír, reír, freír&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Amantes engañadores,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;huiros&lt;/strong&gt; de mi presencia,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  no perturbeis mi reposo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y con todo vuestro amor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;huiros&lt;/strong&gt; de mi presencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_ahdAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PP3&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;huiros&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trobos. Glosas nuevas para cantar las damas á los galanes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1830)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡&lt;strong&gt;Reíros&lt;/strong&gt; todos vosotros que le habéis nombrado para ese puesto!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡&lt;strong&gt;Reíros&lt;/strong&gt; de él, los que tenéis de su virtud...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w_xWAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA757&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;re%C3%ADros&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Historia de la interinidad y guerra civil de Espana desde 1868, Volume 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Ildefonso Antonio Bermejo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note also that the common form &lt;em&gt;iros&lt;/em&gt; is, as of July 2017, accepted by the RAE:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• xx/xx/2005 &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qF8kh8sgID6Ifqj7vG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 05/02/2009 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/idos-imperativo-1171/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idos, imperativo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 23/07/2010 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/marchaos-idos-2259/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marchaos, idos&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 18/07/2017 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.raeinforma.com/rae-content/uploads/2017/07/%C2%ABIros%C2%BB-imperativo-1-1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota sobre la aceptación de iros como forma de imperativo de 2.a pers. plural&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 18/07/2017 &lt;a href=&quot;http://fundeu.do/iros-sera-correcto-la-rae-matices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«Iros» será correcto para la RAE, pero con matices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 25/07/2017 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/sobre-idos-e-iros/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sobre «idos» e «iros»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• 17/02/2018 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/idos-mejor-que-iros/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idos, mejor que iros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T15:36:03.377" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T15:36:03.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27279" CreationDate="2018-09-02T21:31:05.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt; is not in the RAE's dictionary at this moment. I am Spanish but I have never heard this word before: not as a calque taken from other languages, nor as a neologism. Could it be a typo? I have tried to find it somewhere else, but without success. It can be interesting, if any other user contribute with more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14801" LastActivityDate="2018-09-02T21:31:05.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26849" CreationDate="2018-09-03T00:56:30.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín clásico había vocales cortas y largas. Se da por sentado que la cantidad no era la única diferencia entre los pares de vocales, sino que las cortas eran además laxas y las largas eran además tensas. &quot;Laxo&quot; y &quot;tenso&quot; son términos intencionalmente ambiguos, pero para darse una idea, es la diferencia que se da en inglés entre la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;met&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;mate&lt;/em&gt; (donde también está involucrada la cantidad: la vocal de &lt;em&gt;mate&lt;/em&gt; es larga), entre &lt;em&gt;bit&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;beet&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una etapa posterior el latín comenzó a perder la distinción de cantidad, y el contraste laxo-tenso ganó protagonismo. Las vocales &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; en particular evolucionaron de forma que las &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; cortas pasaron a ser reconocidas como laxas /ɛ/ y /ɔ/, mientras que las largas pasaron a ser /e/ y /o/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un tiempo después comenzó un proceso de diptongación que afectó a las vocales laxas. Este proceso ocurrió en una amplia región del área romance. En el primitivo castellano hizo que /ɛ/ pasara a /i̯e/ y /ɔ/ pasara a /u̯e/ (con pasos intermedios que no conocemos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las vocales laxas diptongaron en castellano sólo cuando estaban acentuadas y cuando no seguía una &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; (de ahí que en el latín &lt;em&gt;nocte&lt;/em&gt;, que en este punto había pasado a pronunciarse [noi̯te], no se produjese diptongación de la &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eliminado todo rastro de la distinción de cantidad y el contraste laxo-tenso de las vocales, la diptongación quedó como una alternancia impredecible, que se hace notar sobre todo en los verbos que tenían una &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; o una &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; cortas en sus raíces latinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de &lt;em&gt;semper&lt;/em&gt;, por lógica se debió producir la diptongación de la primera &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; al estar acentuada (como en &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;). Por qué aparecen textos castellanos antiguos con la forma &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt; puede deberse a varias razones no excluyentes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que la diptongación todavía no se hubiese afianzado en la región o el dialecto particular de quien escribía;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que a pesar de pronunciarse ya el diptongo, quien escribía continuaba prefiriendo una ortografía conservadora;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que el diptongo se pronunciase ya, pero no fuese considerado un rasgo distintivo que meritase marcarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La persistencia de la palabra &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt; en el diccionario puede deberse a que alguna autoridad literaria o académica continuase propiciando su uso como forma conservadora más culta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hago notar que el texto citado parece no estar propiamente en castellano sino en gallegoportugués.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;de boa voonta de don en Doaçon boa é vendo para sempre á vos Elvira añes prior do Moesteyro de Santa (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el s. XIII ya se puede hacer claramente la diferencia entre castellano y gallegoportugués, y es claramente este último el del texto, como se ve por la pérdida de la &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;boa&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; lat. &lt;em&gt;bona&lt;/em&gt;), en &lt;em&gt;Doaçon&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Donación&quot;), y en &lt;em&gt;Moesteyro&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Monasterio&quot;). En los dialectos romances que dio origen al portugués no hubo diptongación de las vocales laxas, de manera que aquí &lt;em&gt;sempre&lt;/em&gt; es el resultado regular y esperado y no una excepción o arcaísmo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T00:56:30.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27275" CreationDate="2018-09-03T01:58:41.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Hay algo que está empezando a cansar&lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Hay algo que &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; está empezando a cansar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @guifa said, there's no difference in meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, the other variant can be used when asked for repetition: if you said the former, when you're asked to repeat, you can say the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The choice follows no rules and they are perfectly interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:22:09.373" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:22:09.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27280" CreationDate="2018-09-03T04:40:49.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por donde yo vivo (Andalucía) y no sé si de forma extendida en España se usa &lt;em&gt;pipicán&lt;/em&gt; (con acento en la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, pero escrito &lt;em&gt;pipican&lt;/em&gt; o incluso &quot;pipi-can&quot; o &quot;pipí-can&quot;). Por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;http://sevillaciudad.sevilla.abc.es/reportajes/este-alcosa-torreblanca/sociedad-este-alcosa-torreblanca/los-parques-para-perros-que-ofrece-sevilla/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este artículo&lt;/a&gt; sobre áreas para perros en parques de Sevilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En este último [parque con áreas de esparcimiento canino], los animales pueden ejercitarse en dos pistas con equipamientos de agility, aunque, como conviene recordar, no son «pipi-can», por lo que el dueño deberá encargarse de los excrementos caninos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que el artículo distingue pues entre una zona habilitada con juegos para perros, en las que los dueños aún tienen la obligación de recoger los excrementos, de una zona habilitada expresamente para el alivio perruno, en las que eso no es necesario (aunque recomendable según el pipicán). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, veo que el término no es exclusivo de mi zona. Por ejemplo, una empresa de Valencia de mobiliario urbano ofrece &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobiliariosurbanos.com/es/mobiliario-urbano/pipican&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varias soluciones&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;pipican&lt;/em&gt;, y de hecho así es como se llama la sección en su web. Y en Cataluña también se usa, véase este &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/ccaa/2018/05/10/catalunya/1525985434_501587.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;titular de El País&lt;/a&gt; (que por fin lo acentúan &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1036525548670005249&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según la recomendación de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“¡Colau al pipicán!”&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Varios cientos de personas y perros se manifiestan en Barcelona contra las restricciones a los canes en los parques de la ciudad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, algunas imágenes que atestiguan su uso oficial (la primera es de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/municipios/2018/04/23/mascotas-bullas-pone-marcha-primer/916097.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bullas&lt;/a&gt;, provincia de Murcia):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/etATt.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/etATt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pipicán Murcia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m7Sqo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m7Sqo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pipi-can&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su ortografía: buscando &quot;pipican&quot; de forma genérica (sin las comillas) en Google aparecen 100000 resultados. Buscando con las comillas el término exacto, &quot;pipican&quot; ofrece 63000 resultados y &quot;pipicán&quot; apenas 6000, aunque yo siempre lo he oído pronunciado con acento en la &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; final, como palabra aguda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre su uso: los primeros textos que usan la palabra son de la década de los años 1990.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T08:14:16.280" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T08:14:16.280" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27229" CreationDate="2018-09-03T04:48:17.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Están&quot; is plural and &quot;Esta&quot; is singular. The first one would translate to &quot;they are painting the door&quot; and the second would translate to &quot;it's(or he's) painting the door&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19842" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T04:48:17.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-03T07:11:33.067" Score="5" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Que&lt;/strong&gt;... subjunctive... no quiere decir que... subjunctive...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is the standard phrase, but is it unusual to place the definite article &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; at the beginning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El que&lt;/strong&gt;... subjunctive... no quiere decir que... subjunctive...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, in the same manner as saying, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El que&lt;/strong&gt; quiera estar con su madre es natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, do the following two work just as well to say &amp;quot;Just because... doesn't mean that&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solo porque&lt;/strong&gt;... subjunctive... no quiere decir que... subjunctive...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El hecho de que&lt;/strong&gt;... subjunctive... no quiere decir que... subjunctive...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19621" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T21:42:14.343" Title="Is it unusual to add &quot;el&quot; to &quot;(El) que... no quiere decir que&quot; to say &quot;Just because... doesn't mean that&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27288" CreationDate="2018-09-03T09:12:48.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the DPD explains this exact case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Conjunción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.1. Cuando la oración sustantiva funciona como sujeto, puede ir opcionalmente precedida del artículo &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;«El que hubiera una escena de amor pudo ser mera casualidad»&lt;/em&gt; (GlzLeón Viejo [Ven. 1995]); &lt;em&gt;«Que el asesino hubiera usado un cuchillo era muy significativo»&lt;/em&gt; (Rojo Matar [Esp. 2002]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the nominal clause functions as a subject, it can optionally be preceded by the article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is indeed correct and quite used, specially when you want to emphasize the subject. So you would say &lt;em&gt;El que haya gente pasando hambre es algo que nos debería preocupar&lt;/em&gt; when you really want to focus on the people starving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T20:41:38.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-03T10:15:46.403" Score="7" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actualmente usamos la palabras &quot;actual&quot; para referirnos al tiempo presente, como se recoge en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0cuhZiL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;actual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. actuālis.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho del tiempo en que se está: &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al tiempo actual. &lt;em&gt;Civilizaciones actuales. Cine actual.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente se considera esta palabra un falso amigo del inglés &lt;em&gt;actual&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;algo que existe en la realidad&quot; pero no tiene por qué limitarse al presente. De ahí que traduzcamos &quot;la hora actual&quot; como &quot;the current time&quot; y, al revés, &quot;the actual costs&quot; como &quot;los costes reales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, parece que esto no siempre fue así. Buscando en diccionarios antiguos me encuentro con esta definición en el primer tomo del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1726):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ACTUAL. Lo que real y verdaderamente existe al tiempo que se dice, ò enuncia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta defninición me resulta, de hecho, más parecida a la actual definición inglesa que a la española. Y si no, véanse estos dos ejemplos que cita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La segunda cosa que se requiere es &lt;em&gt;actuál&lt;/em&gt; devolución.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aunque es verdád que vos &lt;em&gt;actualmente&lt;/em&gt; no haveis hecho ofensa en esta casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer ejemplo ni siquiera habla del presente, sino de algo hipotético que puede ocurrir en el futuro, y de hecho veo ese ejemplo un uso perfecto del &lt;em&gt;actual&lt;/em&gt; inglés, no del español. Hoy día hablaríamos de &quot;se requiere devolución real&quot;. El segundo ejemplo me parece más confuso, puesto que se podría entender como &quot;hasta hoy no habéis hecho ofensa&quot; o como &quot;en realidad no habéis hecho ofensa&quot;, me faltaría algo más de contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, diría que en el siglo XVIII el uso de &lt;em&gt;actual&lt;/em&gt; en español era idéntico al &lt;em&gt;actual&lt;/em&gt; del inglés actual. ¿Es así? Y si es así, ¿cómo ha evolucionado la palabra? ¿Cuándo comenzó a usarse con el sentido actual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación el caso más antiguo encontrado en el CORDE, usado en una frase en pasado, lo que descarta el uso como &quot;que sucede en el presente&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Otrossí, que se deve confessar todo commo del pecado actual que fizo, siquier sea omne, siquier muger, siquier rico, quier pobre [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro de Cuéllar, &quot;Catecismo&quot;, 1325 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo la frase como que se deben confesar los pecados reales (tal cual sucedieron o tuvieron lugar, es decir, tal y como fue el &lt;em&gt;acto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T11:26:04.177" LastActivityDate="2020-10-24T07:57:06.600" Title="Evolución del adjetivo &quot;actual&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27279" CreationDate="2018-09-03T10:35:36.720" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe we're witnessing the birth of a new word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think this is a calque. The English word is unusual, and the Catalan word would only be a candidate if &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt; appeared only or mostly in Catalan-speaking areas of Spain. &lt;em&gt;Rotundidez&lt;/em&gt; is also rather unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that more than a few of your Googled examples are from pages in Portuguese. The correct Port. word is also &lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt;. This doesn't go against your question; it actually suggests to me that &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt; is a barbarism that just tends to develop from &lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we discard the possibility of mistakes and misprints and assume that the writers really wanted to say &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt;, it looks like the suffix &lt;em&gt;-ez&lt;/em&gt; is being reanalyzed as &lt;em&gt;-idez&lt;/em&gt;, maybe by analogy with &lt;em&gt;-itud&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ismo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-icia&lt;/em&gt;, and the speakers have &quot;decided&quot; that &lt;em&gt;rapidez&lt;/em&gt; is missing something. This would be weird because &lt;em&gt;rapididez&lt;/em&gt; is clearly cacophonic, so much so that if there was such a word to begin with it would probably be eroded by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haplology&lt;/a&gt;. But there you have it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T11:49:04.637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T11:49:04.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27292" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-03T11:07:49.713" Score="6" ViewCount="25066" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other day I was in a restaurant with some Latin American friends and one Brit. He was keen on learning some Spanish, so we taught him several words and phrases. When it came to asking for the bill, we taught him the &quot;usual&quot; way you ask for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cuenta, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the question that arose: is there any other way in which you can ask for the bill? And we struggled! We could not come up with any other phrase, beyond some trivial expansions of the above, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me trae la cuenta, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19845/can-la-multa-the-fine-be-used-to-ask-for-the-bill&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, I can see other words to refer to the bill, which seem to be local in Spain (none of my friends was Spanish). I've never heard of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides these examples, are there further ways of asking for the bill in Spanish? Maybe not also in terms of specific words used for the bill (as the post above), but different ways altogether?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T20:05:06.790" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T20:05:06.790" Title="Ways of asking for the bill in Spanish" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27269" CreationDate="2018-09-03T11:32:27.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;DIA no lleva tilde porque es una &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sigla&lt;/a&gt; que se pronuncia como una palabra,&lt;/em&gt; un tipo de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tvd5E55ArD6uxbj2i5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acrónimo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos, cuando se incorporan al léxico común (o tienen más de cuatro letras, según el DPD), pasan a escribirse en minúsculas y con tilde, si es necesario, pero antes no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las siglas presentan normalmente en mayúscula todas las letras que las componen (&lt;em&gt;OCDE, DNI, ISO&lt;/em&gt;) y, en ese caso, &lt;strong&gt;no llevan nunca tilde&lt;/strong&gt;; así, &lt;em&gt;CIA&lt;/em&gt; (del ingl. &lt;em&gt;Central Intelligence Agency&lt;/em&gt;) se escribe sin tilde, a pesar de pronunciarse [sía, zía], con un hiato que exigiría acentuar gráficamente la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;. Las siglas que se pronuncian como se escriben, esto es, los acrónimos, se escriben solo con la inicial mayúscula si se trata de nombres propios y tienen más de cuatro letras: &lt;em&gt;Unicef, Unesco&lt;/em&gt;; o con todas sus letras minúsculas, si se trata de nombres comunes: &lt;em&gt;uci, ovni, sida&lt;/em&gt;. Los acrónimos que se escriben con minúsculas sí deben someterse a las reglas de acentuación gráfica: &lt;em&gt;láser&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;DPD, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;“Sigla”&lt;/a&gt;. (El resaltado es mío.)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de escribir DIA como “Dia” es cosa de los redactores de Wikipedia. La propia empresa sólo utiliza “DIA”. Lo único que más o menos se parece a “Dia” en sus publicaciones es el logo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese, eso sí, que cuando la empresa escribe “DIA” en minúsculas, &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; le pone tilde, como en el logo de “Cada DIA”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y3BQL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y3BQL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T12:09:35.010" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T12:09:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27292" CreationDate="2018-09-03T11:34:29.073" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina we sometimes use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Me cobrás?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(adding &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; is optional). That is literally, &quot;Do you (please) charge me?&quot; or less literally &quot;Will you (please now) take my payment?&quot; or &quot;Will you come here so I can pay you?&quot;. It's in the informal register with &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;. Without it it would be &lt;em&gt;¿Me cobras?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the native feeling or intuition that this might sound rude in other places, where formality and indirectness are more valued, and even here in Argentina if the place is other than a pub or a cheap café. I would also like to know if there are places where people ask, e. g. &lt;em&gt;¿Me cobraría (usted) (por favor)?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T11:34:29.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27292" CreationDate="2018-09-03T11:37:47.930" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have several other options. For instance, you can change &lt;em&gt;cuenta&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;nota&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as stated in one of the many &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QdrVoo1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;meanings of the word&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cuenta del importe total de una compra o de una consumición.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless the use of &lt;em&gt;nota&lt;/em&gt; may sound a bit outdated at least in Spain (I don't know if it's used somewhere else).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a completely different way of asking for the bill, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me dice qué/cuánto le debo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe a bit more informal is the following, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27292/ways-of-asking-for-the-bill-in-spanish/27295?noredirect=1#comment45853_27295&quot;&gt;suggested by Brian H.&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿[Me dice] cuánto es?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T12:33:37.157" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T12:33:37.157" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15001" CreationDate="2018-09-03T12:33:58.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;También se usa la expresión &lt;strong&gt;a ojímetro&lt;/strong&gt;, que, con sentido del humor, le da a la imprecisión un aire técnico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qy1vyIa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ojímetro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ojo y ‒́metro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Capacidad de hacer con rapidez un cálculo aproximado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a ojímetro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. a bulto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Chile decimos &lt;em&gt;al ojímetro&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T14:30:22.253" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27292" CreationDate="2018-09-03T16:21:17.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia la más usada es la que mencionas en tu pregunta;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cuenta por favor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto es?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué/Cuánto le pago?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué se debe? / ¿Qué le debo?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y cuando estas en el restaurante de confianza donde conoces a todo el mundo incluso decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuánto se perdió?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T16:21:17.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27298" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-03T16:54:44.210" Score="0" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El algodón de los campos ya había sido cosechado, y unas cuantas&#xA;  mujeres con pañuelo en la cabeza estaban arrancando los tallos; el&#xA;  trasero &lt;strong&gt;se les movía&lt;/strong&gt; al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mis dudas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si es necesario dice que “se &lt;strong&gt;LES&lt;/strong&gt; movía” con &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; la cual indica una funcion de posesión &lt;strong&gt;su&lt;/strong&gt;, por qué siempre decimos &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se peina el pelo / se cepilla los dientes (sin objecto indirecto LE /LES) ???&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si dice &lt;strong&gt;...&lt;em&gt;el trasero se movía&lt;/em&gt; (the butt moved) al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces&lt;/strong&gt; , ¿está correcto y qué diferencias hay entre las dos? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T23:13:36.443" Title="Pronombre : Se “les” movía el trasero" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27310" CreationDate="2018-09-03T17:15:50.780" Score="4" ViewCount="698" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo diferenciamos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;callejón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;calleja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Calleja es un tipo de callejón? ¿Es más corto? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es posible, documenten las respuestas con imágenes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T12:46:52.690" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T12:46:52.690" Title="Diferencia entre “callejón” y “calleja”" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27299" CreationDate="2018-09-03T18:46:07.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un callejón es una calle estrecha que discurre en una población entre edificios altos.​ Es sinónimo de callejuela y calleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20077" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T18:46:07.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27242" CreationDate="2018-09-03T18:48:16.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo siempre lo he vinculado con este significado: PRENDA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La alhaja que se dá o entrega para la seguridad de alguna deuda u contrato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20077" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T06:04:54.983" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T06:04:54.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23624" CreationDate="2018-09-03T18:53:56.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco estuve tambien interesado en el significado y la historia de esta peculiar planta porque me quería hacer un tatuaje relacionado. Por lo visto en cada región donde nace se llama de una forma distinta. Te dejo un enlace de los que estuve leyendo donde hablan un poco más sobre su significado aunque tampoco aclaran de donde provienen esas palabras.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://minitatuajes.com/tattoo/diente-leon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://minitatuajes.com/tattoo/diente-leon/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20077" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T18:53:56.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-03T19:01:19.043" Score="3" ViewCount="3108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to translate the following sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They love traveling to Spain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first thought was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; encanta viajar a Espana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it seems like the correct translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; encanta viajar a Espana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused on why we are using indirect object pronoun instead of reflexive pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone point me in a good direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20076" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T00:54:53.777" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T00:54:53.777" Title="Difference between 'les' and 'se' in the context of encanta: Why '*Les* encanta viajar' and not *se*?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27298" CreationDate="2018-09-03T19:42:45.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la primera pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si es necesario dice que “se LES movía” con les la cual indica una funcion de &gt;posesión su, por qué siempre decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se peina el pelo / se cepilla los dientes (sin objecto indirecto LE /LES) ???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos que das son de distinto tipo: en el caso de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se peina el pelo / se cepilla los dientes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ya tienes un sujeto (que se supone implícito por el contexto de la acción: Pedro, Ana, el niño, él,...) y un objeto directo (el pelo, los dientes). La frase está completa y no se necesita más información o complementos para entender quién hace la acción sobre qué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio en el caso de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;...el trasero se movía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, si eliminas el complemento directo &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;, la frase estaría incompleta, y quien te escucha decir algo así te podría preguntar, &lt;em&gt;¿a quién se le movía el trasero?&lt;/em&gt;, pues no queda claro en la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la segunda pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si dice &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;...el trasero se movía (the butt moved) al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿está correcto y qué diferencias hay entre las dos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocurre que la frase pierde información, pues se desconoce a quién se le movía. No sería incorrecto como tal, pero la oración estaría incompleta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14801" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T19:42:45.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27303" CreationDate="2018-09-03T20:07:34.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Indeed, &quot;Les encanta viajar a España&quot; is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might find it helpful to map your sentence to this slightly artificial English version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It charms/enchants them to travel to Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll come across something similar when you get to the verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;.  For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta versión me gusta más. | &lt;em&gt;This version pleases me more.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, a more functionally accurate translation of this example sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I like this version better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want an easy way to type accents and special characters like &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;, here's one way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;choose US international keyboard&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;for &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt;, type &lt;em&gt;~&lt;/em&gt; (to the left of the number 1, requires the shift key), and then type a normal &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;note that if you want to type an apostrophe or quotation mark, you'll need to type a space after the character&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to edit your question and put the &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; into &lt;em&gt;España&lt;/em&gt;, click where it says &quot;edit&quot; below your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T20:07:34.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27288" CreationDate="2018-09-03T20:47:40.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your first question, consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que se separen de la mamá o el papá por la fuerza es imperdonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is correct, but the reader might get off on the wrong track after &amp;quot;Que se separen de la mamá o el papá por la fuerza,&amp;quot; because without &amp;quot;es imperdonable,&amp;quot; it would mean&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They should be separated from their parents.  (Literally: May they be separated....)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is why the optional article is usually included.  It eliminates the ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question, here are some common ways to express &amp;quot;Just because... doesn't mean that...&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que Juan diga que Mari es bonita no quiere decir que tú no lo seas también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El solo hecho de haber atacado otro país no anula los tratados internacionales sobre el trato humano de los prisioneros de guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tener título no te da el derecho de despreciar a los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first idea, &amp;quot;solo porque&amp;quot; doesn't work, as far as I know.  Your second idea, &amp;quot;el hecho de que&amp;quot; does work.  You can vary it by omitting &amp;quot;hecho de que&amp;quot;, and you can make it clearer and stronger by putting &amp;quot;solo&amp;quot; in front of &amp;quot;hecho.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T21:42:14.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27298" CreationDate="2018-09-03T23:13:36.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;[...] y &lt;strong&gt;unas cuantas mujeres&lt;/strong&gt; con pañuelo en la cabeza estaban arrancando los tallos; el trasero se &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; movía al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;movérsele **a alguien&lt;/strong&gt; el trasero** sería la forma infinitiva de este verbo pronominal (intransitivo). El pronombre les se sustituye a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;el trasero &lt;strong&gt;se les movía&lt;/strong&gt; al sacudir el barro adherido a las raíces. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;les&quot; se refiere a las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;their&lt;/strong&gt; butts [or derrières or rear ends] moved** when they shook the mud off the roots. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;moverse es un verbo pronominal seguido de un complemento de objeto indirecto. Por ejemplo: Se &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; mueve [a él la cabeza]. Y no es el uso transitivo: la cabeza mueve las ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro punto: la palabra trasero es singular pero al traducirla se pone en el plural: their butts moved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El trasero de las mujeres, pues, se refiere al trasero de cada una de ellas. No se puede hacer esto en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cara de los niños, en el singular, se dice: the children's faces. Es por considerarse que cada niño tiene una cara. Los dos idiomas no tienen la misma lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T23:13:36.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27309" CreationDate="2018-09-04T01:20:43.057" Score="3" ViewCount="2246" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo que estemos en las nubes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo de que estemos en las nubes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dudó que hiciéramos la tarea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dudó de que hiciéramos la tarea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos son unos ejemplos que utilizan el verbo «dudar». ¿Cuál es la forma correcta de este verbo cuando es acompañado con «que»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastEditorUserId="5674" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T01:26:37.013" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T10:42:25.190" Title="Diferencias entre dudar que / dudar de que" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27308" CreationDate="2018-09-04T01:42:53.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay diferencia y ambas formas (con y sin &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;) son perfectamente válidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia radica en si lo que se tiene en duda es un sustantivo y no una oración subordinada.  En el último caso, hay que emplear la forma con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo que sea una persona antipática. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;válido&lt;/em&gt;, subordinada sin &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo de que sea una persona antipática. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;válido&lt;/em&gt;, subordinada con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo su antipatía. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;inválido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, sustantivo sin &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo de su antipatía. &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;válido&lt;/em&gt;, sustantivo con &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T22:05:05.450" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T22:05:05.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27299" CreationDate="2018-09-04T09:39:55.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etimológicamente, una calleja es más corta que un callejón. Si miramos las definiciones del diccionario, obtenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pizBSh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Calleja&lt;/a&gt;: Calle &lt;strong&gt;estrecha&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pvWhBR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Callejón&lt;/a&gt;: Paso &lt;strong&gt;estrecho y largo&lt;/strong&gt; entre paredes, casas o elevaciones del terreno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la etimología de &lt;em&gt;callejón&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del aumentativo de &lt;em&gt;calleja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que en su origen un callejón era una calleja grande. Sin embargo, creo que hoy día los significados han divergido un poco. A fin de cuentas, una calleja es una calle pequeña, como su etimología indica, y las calles están pensadas para el tráfico rodado y de peatones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una calleja hoy día es pues una calle pequeña, tal vez peatonal, por la que hay espacio para varios peatones o incluso algún vehículo, con accesos a viviendas. La longitud no es relevante. Si paseas por el centro de Córdoba (España) recorrerás muchas callejas, como puedes ver en &lt;a href=&quot;https://sevilla.abc.es/andalucia/cordoba/sevi-callejas-cordoba-ultimo-reducto-211339197203-20170927093308_galeria.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;. A continuación una imagen ilustrativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8PeMMm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8PeMMm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Calleja de Córdoba&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un callejón es aún más estrecho, pasarían juntas una o dos personas, y no suele tener accesos a viviendas. Si hay un sitio que me venga a la mente cuando hablo de callejones, es Venecia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nlm6tm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nlm6tm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Callejón de Venecia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, la línea entre &lt;em&gt;calleja&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;callejón&lt;/em&gt; parece un poco dispersa, así que supongo que el uso de una u otra para las denominaciones de calles puede se algo subjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T09:39:55.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26325" CreationDate="2018-09-04T17:28:12.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two different contexts to define ''Ok pues'': &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking with someone and that person gives you an opinion of something and you want to give your opinion too.  So as not to be rude, after her/his opinion you could say ''Ok, pues, yo pienso que...'' That could be translated like ''In my opinion&quot; or &quot;I think that in another way''.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The second way is when you want to finish a conversation in a more rude way. You don't want to talk with that person or you want to talk about another topic. &#xA;It's a kind of rude way to finish a conversation without the acceptance of the other person.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20086" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T18:20:46.307" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T18:20:46.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27314" CreationDate="2018-09-04T18:59:17.767" Score="4" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otros (incluyendo maestros) me han dicho no usar la palabra &quot;frustrar&quot;, porque dicen que tiene una connotación sexual - y por esto la definición es distinta de la &quot;to frustrate&quot; en inglés. ¿Es esta su experiencia? ¿Hay otras frases que se puedan usar en vez de &quot;esto me frustra&quot; o &quot;estoy frustrado&quot; cuando la situación es inocente? ¿Hay usos distintos en España y América?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20087" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-04T21:08:31.527" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T13:44:39.310" Title="¿Tiene la palabra &quot;frustrar&quot; connotaciones sexuales?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27312" CreationDate="2018-09-04T21:29:07.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tus profesores y otros están total y absolutamente errados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;frustrar&lt;/em&gt;, que ni siquiera posee tal connotación sexual en la RAE, entrega dicha definición.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Considerando lo anterior, puedes usarla con su respectiva definición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-04T21:29:07.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27312" CreationDate="2018-09-04T21:55:28.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes native speakers bend over backwards to protect new Spanish speakers from committing faux pas.  My personal opinion about &amp;quot;frustrar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;frustrado/frustrada&amp;quot; is that it depends a great deal on the context -- and perhaps the country.  My answer is based on my experience living in Mexico, an extremely machista society, where sexual innuendo is rampant, and young foreigners, especially women, are particularly vulnerable.  In many parts of the country, young foreign women sometimes feel like wearing ear protectors, just walking down the street.  One could make a whole socio-political analysis of the causes, probably starting with &lt;em&gt;Para Leer a Pato Donald&lt;/em&gt;, but I would like to get to OP's question now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unadorned (i.e. contextless) comment such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Me siento frustrado/frustrada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could be misinterpreted, I suppose.  It is certainly true that these two words are used MUCH less often in Spanish than in English.  So it wouldn't be a bad idea to learn some alternatives, since learning a new language always involves lots of frustration, and it's natural that you would want to talk about that as you are practicing and communicating with people.  So here are some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es difícil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es tan difícil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me va bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me va bien con ... (la gramática, este tema, los verbos, entender a la gente, explicar mi idea, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuvimos un malentendido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me va mal con ... (el subjuntivo, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me dificulta ... (entender a la gente, expresar mis ideas, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing you can do is cultivate patience with yourself.  If you can do this, you will have less of a need to express frustration, because you'll be experiencing frustration less often and with less intensity.  When learning a language and getting acculturated, there will be many, many misunderstandings.  Most you can just let go with the tide.  For the biggies, here's a pattern that can help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De haber entendido ..., hubiera / no hubiera ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example from my earliest steps in communicating in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De haber entendido que no me iban a pagar la primera quincena, no hubiera gastado todo el dinero en efectivo que traje. | &lt;em&gt;If I had understood that my first salary payment would be delayed, I would not have spent all the cash I brought with me for the transition.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This was from a long time ago, before the ubiquitous use of credit cards.  It was indeed a biggie.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdón, acabo de repasar la pregunta y me dí cuenta que escribiste tu pregunta en español.  (¡Te quedó muy bien!  Solo una cosita cambiaría: &lt;em&gt;me han dicho no usar la palabra &amp;quot;frustrar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; quedaría mejor así: &lt;em&gt;me han dicho que no debo usar la palabra &amp;quot;frustrar&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avísame, por favor, si quieres que ponga mi respuesta en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T13:44:39.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27312" CreationDate="2018-09-05T07:09:23.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como padre de dos niños, uso constantemente el verbo &lt;em&gt;frustrar&lt;/em&gt; sin que tenga absolutamente ninguna connotación sexual. Si miramos la definición, leemos lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IXNBGPl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frustrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. frustrāre.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Privar a alguien de lo que esperaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Dejar sin efecto, malograr un intento. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Der. Dejar sin efecto un propósito contra la intención de quien procura realizarlo. &lt;em&gt;Frustrar un delito.&lt;/em&gt; U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ninguna de las tres acepciones mostradas tiene implicaciones sexuales. Acerca de lo que te comentaba de los niños, yo la uso mucho en su primera acepción. Por ejemplo, cuando el niño me pide que le deje la tablet para ver YouTube Kids y yo le digo que no hay tiempo que tenemos que irnos al cole, el niño se frustra (le privo de algo que esperaba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto que esta palabra se puede usar en infinidad de contextos. Por ejemplo, si tu pareja te dice que esta noche no, que le duele la cabeza, pues te puedes sentir frustrado (te han privado de algo que esperabas), y en este caso sí es por algo sexual, pero esa connotación la da el contexto, no la palabra en sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;frustrar&lt;/em&gt; por sí solo (&quot;estoy frustrado&quot;) puede hacer que la gente indague en el origen de tu frustración en busca del contexto perdido. Así que en principio puedes usarla con seguridad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, la palabra &lt;em&gt;frustrar&lt;/em&gt; no aparece en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que entiendo que no tiene otro tipo de connotaciones en Hispanoamérica, y su definición de la RAE aplica a todo el mundo hispanohablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T07:09:23.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27308" CreationDate="2018-09-05T10:42:25.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dudar [algo]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significa &quot;cuestionar algo&quot;. Significa que no te lo crees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dudo [que estemos en las nubes] = No creo que estemos en las nubes (difícil de creer).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ella dudó [que hiciéramos la tarea] = Ella no creyó que hiciéramos la tarea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dudar de&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significa tener dudas, creer &lt;strong&gt;parcialmente&lt;/strong&gt;. Surgen preguntas en torno al tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella dudó de que hiciéramos la tarea = Ella no terminó de creer que la hiciéramos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dudar algo = no creerlo (tajante).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dudar de algo = no creerlo del todo (parcialmente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, &quot;dudar [algo]&quot; se puede usar con pronombres o con subordinadas sustantivas (Dudo eso, lo dudo, dudo que...), pero no con sustantivos (*  &lt;em&gt;Dudo el relato&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T10:42:25.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-05T13:01:59.930" Score="4" ViewCount="656" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de descubrir en el diccionario de la RAE una palabra que tiene una acepción que no es una acepción, ya que no explica en realidad lo que significa la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UawHjxX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pues&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. U. con diversos significados dependientes del tono con que se pronuncia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece muy bien que la palabra &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt; tenga diversos significados, pero ¿cuáles son? Entiendo que pueda ser complicado explicar los significados de una palabra dependiendo del tono. No es lo mismo decirle a tu pareja &quot;ay, &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;, pero ¿por qué te has molestado?&quot; en plan juguetón que decirle &quot;¿pero tú eres &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt; o qué?&quot; en plan seco a alguien. Misma palabra, diferentes entonaciones, diversos significados. Y el significado de &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt; en el primer ejemplo ni siquiera lo veo claro en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este significado además no es reciente. Comenzó en 1869 con una nota en una de las acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene otras aplicaciones que enseña el uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y se estableció como acepción propia en 1884:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene además otras varias apilcaciones que enseña el uso y que difícilmente podrían explicarse, porque á veces su significación depende sólo del tono con que es pronunciada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adonde quiero llegar es que, al igual que las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a1laMnE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tonto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; mencionadas antes dependen de la entonación y aun así ese detalle no aparece en el diccionario, ¿no debería esta acepción de &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt; desaparecer también? A fin de cuentas no dice absolutamente nada, básicamente te dice que te las apañes e infieras el significado por ti mismo. Con acepciones así, ¿para qué queremos el diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y más aún: si el diccionario de la RAE se confecciona usando como base la lengua escrita, hasta el punto de que las palabras registradas necesitan aparecer en textos durante al menos cinco años y de forma consistente y amplia, ¿a cuento de qué una acepción que habla sobre el tono con el que se pronuncia, si en la lengua escrita no hay tonos? Esto rompería la con la filosofía del diccionario, permitiendo una acepción basada en la expresión oral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta pues: ¿creéis que tiene sentido esta acepción y debería dejarse en el DLE? ¿O creéis que la RAE haría mejor retirándola del diccionario ya que no especifica significado alguno?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NOTA: Esta pregunta puede entrar dentro del terreno de la subjetividad, pero considero que aun así es una subjetividad constructiva que se puede argumentar con razonamientos, cosa que permiten &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask&quot;&gt;las reglas del sitio&lt;/a&gt;. Como parte de dicho razonamiento se podría intentar dar respuesta a una pregunta relacionada: ¿hay otras palabras en el DLE con acepciones similares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T07:16:12.470" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T04:04:46.033" Title="¿Tiene sentido una acepción que no explica significado alguno?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-05T13:34:29.313" Score="6" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un término para referirse a las personas que no son padres? (Sin tener que decir &lt;em&gt;no es padre&lt;/em&gt;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De una persona podemos decir: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;soltera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;casada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;divorciada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;padre&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Existe algún término específico para hablar de una persona (casada o no casada) que no tiene hijos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17466" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T10:41:43.713" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T12:55:48.790" Title="Término para referirse a una persona que no es padre" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27317" CreationDate="2018-09-05T14:59:11.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE le indica al usuario del DLE que no conoce la palabra (!) que no debe esperar una definición clara sino prestar atención al uso. En este sentido yo diría que es una acepción útil. Para usuarios secundarios (por ejemplo, personas que están aprendiendo a hablar el idioma y que utilizan el DLE, o las personas que enseñan o diseñan cursos de castellano, o que escriben gramáticas), esta acepción &quot;que no dice nada&quot; tiene la virtud de cortar por lo sano la búsqueda. Les dice: si quieres entender o enseñar qué significa &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt;, deberás hacerlo con ejemplos de uso, de manera similar a como se aprenden la mayoría de las palabras comunes de todo idioma, que no son definidas explícitamente por nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T14:59:11.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21940" CreationDate="2018-09-05T22:26:10.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En varios países latinoamericanos decimos que un fantasma viene a &lt;strong&gt;penar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=penar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;penar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I. 1.&lt;/strong&gt;   intr. Ni, Co, Ve, Pe, Bo, Ch. Aparecerse o manifestarse un fantasma o un alma en pena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, te puedo amenazar diciendo que &lt;em&gt;si no cumples tu promesa, una vez muerto te voy a venir a penar&lt;/em&gt;. O aconsejarte que no vayas a determinado lugar porque &lt;em&gt;ahí en la noche penan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T22:26:10.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27324" CreationDate="2018-09-06T03:39:41.443" Score="8" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in translating the English word &quot;massacre.&quot; I had always thought that the best translation was &quot;matanza&quot; - learned mainly from growing up in Florida and visiting Fort Matanzas National Monument in St. Augustine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nps.gov/foma/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.nps.gov/foma/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this Spanish Wikipedia article about the shooting of settlers in Puerto Montt, Chile refers to &quot;La masacre de Puerto Montt&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masacre_de_Puerto_Montt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masacre_de_Puerto_Montt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between the two? Is it a regional difference, maybe Chilean Spanish vs. Castilian Spanish? Or is it a contextual difference, or does it indicate the speaker's attitude toward the events? What would be the preferred word in modern Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20092" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T06:57:17.293" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T15:57:30.390" Title="What is the difference between &quot;matanza&quot; and &quot;masacre&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27771" CreationDate="2018-09-06T03:49:40.870" Score="6" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las versiones del siglo XX del Diccionario de la lengua, &lt;em&gt;rayuela&lt;/em&gt; tiene como una de sus acepciones (según el mapa de diccionarios):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego &lt;em&gt;de muchachos&lt;/em&gt; que consiste en sacar de varias divisiones trazadas en el suelo un tejo al que se da con un pie, llevando el otro en el aire y cuidando de no pisar las rayas y de que el tejo no se detenga en ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VFJtK60&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la última edición&lt;/a&gt; se han cambiado unas cuantas palabras que, si bien no modifican la idea principal de la palabra, no deja de ser curioso pues dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego &lt;em&gt;infantil, tradicionalmente de niñas,&lt;/em&gt; que consiste en ir desplazando un tejo, a puntapiés y a la pata coja, por varias casillas dibujadas en el suelo, procurando no pisar las rayas y que el tejo no quede detenido en ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de un leve cambio en la forma de moverse, llama la atención cómo el juego toma un énfasis más de niñas, si bien no he notado lo mismo en mi cotidianidad (aunque no sean muchos los menores que jueguen rayuela). ¿Existe una mayor tradición del juego a nivel femenino? ¿Por qué solo en esta última edición se le da ese énfasis? (Ya en el diccionario de autoridades, se le asigna a la 'A' un toque &lt;em&gt;masculino&lt;/em&gt; y a la E &lt;em&gt;femenino&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-04-04T13:21:11.297" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T13:21:11.297" Title="¿Qué causó el cambio en el significado de &quot;rayuela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;&lt;juegos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27322" CreationDate="2018-09-06T04:03:54.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference is that you could make a &lt;em&gt;Matanza&lt;/em&gt; against humans or against pigs, but a &lt;em&gt;Matanza&lt;/em&gt; of humans, could be in a battle, in the middle of a war. A &lt;em&gt;Masacre&lt;/em&gt;, technically is against civil people, or unarmed people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a &lt;em&gt;matanza&lt;/em&gt; could happen when an army destroys another... a &lt;em&gt;masacre&lt;/em&gt; when an army, or an illegal armed group, attack some village, or some protest march and kill some people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dictionary says (if you understands some Spanish, it would help):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OacptxR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Matanza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Mortandad de personas ejecutada en una batalla, un asalto, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWHSjcM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Masacre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Matanza de personas, por lo general indefensas, producida por ataque armado o causa parecida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T06:52:45.217" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T06:52:45.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27318" CreationDate="2018-09-06T10:30:18.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo que estoy viendo en el CORDE, la expresión más común es decir sencillamente &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sin hijos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. A continuación algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sebastián Miranda es viudo, sin hijos.&lt;/em&gt; (1952)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los Herrera, un matrimonio joven, sin hijos [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1951)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] tengo una tía que no me la merezco, más buena que los ángeles, viuda sin hijos, y que me quiere como á tal [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1892)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;y con esto se debe contentar la muger, y con la esperanza de succeder al marido en la segunda vida de la Encomienda, si acaso muriere sin hijos.&lt;/em&gt; (1648)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bernaldino Vázquez de Tapia es uno de los más ricos hombres que hay en México, y sin hijos&lt;/em&gt; [...]. (1547)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] et si muriere sin fijos, que las aya el mas propinco pariente que las non oviere.&lt;/em&gt; (1264)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T10:30:18.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27318" CreationDate="2018-09-06T12:55:48.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Chile, se acostumbra decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Es un hombre solo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Es una mujer sola.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Es una persona sola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que, sin embargo, no lo entendemos con la connotación de &lt;em&gt;estar sin compañía porque nadie quiere estar con la persona&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desconozco si esto se usa en otros lados, pero, al menos, coloquialmente, así es como lo usamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T12:55:48.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27331" CreationDate="2018-09-06T14:14:19.740" Score="4" ViewCount="2126" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de descubrir que en Uruguay llaman &lt;em&gt;caravana&lt;/em&gt; al aro en la oreja:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vix.com/es/btg/bodyart/2007-12-18/373/piercings-oreja-en-su-totalidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piercings: Oreja en su totalidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explican:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/J50iws.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/J50iws.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de tener una caravana en el lugar típico, donde todos suelen perforarse, se puso un aro, dos pequeñas &lt;strong&gt;caravanas&lt;/strong&gt; y a lo último estos Piercings que parecen ser dos por separado. ¡Pero no lo son!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DAMER me encuentro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=caravana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;caravana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.    1.  f. Mx, Gu. Reverencia, inclinación del cuerpo en señal de respeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;II.   1.  f. Ur; Bo, Ar, Ur, obsol; Bo, p.u. Pendiente largo, generalmente de plata u oro, muy trabajado.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2.  Ar, Ur. Dispositivo de plástico a modo de broche o aro, normalmente de dos piezas que se acoplan, que se coloca a un animal en la oreja para identificarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Como curiosidad, marca su uso en Uruguay, pero que luego en ese país, Argentina y Bolivia sea obsoleto.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es curioso porque en España &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7RODWYe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;caravana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; suele utilizarse tanto para definir un grupo que se desplaza (definición tradicional) como últimamente más para &lt;em&gt;Vehículo acondicionado para hacer vida en él, remolcado por un automóvil&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, el uso de esta palabra como &lt;em&gt;pendiente&lt;/em&gt; me sorprende y no hallo explicaciones al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, ¿por qué se usa caravana para designar al broche en la oreja? ¿Se usa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T15:50:45.960" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;caravana&quot; en Uruguay al aro en la oreja?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;uruguay&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-06T14:31:50.277" Score="3" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo pasó que esta palabra de origen griego de carácter peyorativo pasó a convertirse en una exclamación de algo &amp;quot;excelente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;magnífico&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;extraordinario&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuentes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1rbaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiki, el que balbucea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bárbaro es un exónimo peyorativo que procede del griego (βάρβαρος)1​ y su traducción literal es &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;el que balbucea&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=b%C3%A1rbaro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rae&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;7. adj. Excelente, llamativo, magnífico. El orador estuvo bárbaro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T15:07:09.457" Title="¿Cómo sucedió la bárbara evolución del significado la palabra &quot;bárbaro&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-09-06T15:11:19.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27329" CreationDate="2018-09-06T15:07:09.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí que es cierto que esta palabra ha sufrido una evolución &lt;em&gt;bárbara&lt;/em&gt;. Vamos paso a paso viendo los significados que ha tenido a lo largo de la historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio parece que se usó para designar a los extranjeros. Dice Covarrubias (1611) que viene del griego, del sonido &lt;em&gt;barbar&lt;/em&gt;, por la mala pronunciación de los extranjeros. Del griego pasó al latín, que llamaban bárbaros y los extranjeros (salvo a los griegos). De ahí que se pasara a denominar &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; a aquellos que hablan con tosquedad y grosería, y de ahí a los que son ignorantes e iletrados, a los de malas costumbres, a los que no atienden a razones y viven sin ella y, por último, a los despiadados y crueles. Se quedó a gusto Covarrubias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un siglo más tarde, el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; recoge estas acepciones de inculto, grosero, rudo, cruel, despiadado... pero añade una nueva: &quot;se toma algunas veces por temerario, destemplado y precipitado, e inconsiderablemente violento&quot;. En 1803 esta acepción decía simplemente &quot;arrojado, temerario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos qué frases nos encontrábamos por entonces con esta palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Quién me consuela? Apenas puedo respirar. ¡Ah, bárbaro tormento! ¡Qué penas no pasarás, Lisandro mío, al oír tan funesta nueva!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ignacio García Malo, &quot;Voz de la naturaleza. Memorias o anécdotas curiosas e instructivas&quot;, 1787-1803 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí se usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;fiero, cruel&quot;, pero podría ser fácilmente interpretada como &quot;grande&quot;, dado que &lt;em&gt;tormento&lt;/em&gt; ya lleva una carga negativa de dolor. ¿Qué nos impediría usar &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;grande&quot; con otras palabras de carga positiva? El diccionario en todo caso se mantuvo así durante mucho tiempo, aunque poco a poco vamos encontrando ejemplos de uso de &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; que demuestran ese doble sentido que se va apoderando de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Vaya un señor apetito que me está entrando! Es un apetito famélico, como el que uno tiene cuando es muchacho, y vuelve de la escuela... ¡Si me comería medio carnero! [...] ¡Pero qué apetito tan bárbaro!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Torquemada y San Pedro&quot;, 1895 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo aún más claro del uso de &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;digno de gente bárbara&quot;, pero que se puede interpretar fácilmente como &quot;enorme, desmedido&quot;. A esto ayudó el uso de expresiones como &quot;yo lo pasé bárbaro&quot; (1956), con claras connotaciones positivas, e igualmente &quot;un trabajo bárbaro&quot; (1960). Esto culminó con la entrada en 1984 en el diccionario de dos nuevas acepciones de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Excelente, llamativo, magnífico. || &lt;strong&gt;¡qué bárbaro!&lt;/strong&gt; exclam. que indica asombro, admiración, extrañeza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T15:07:09.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27328" CreationDate="2018-09-06T15:26:08.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La obra siguiente sugiere que viene así de la significación mexicana:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ceremonias, cortesías → adornos colgantes &gt; pendientes con adornos colgantes → pendientes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la lengua castellana introdujo la acepción caravanas, como pendientes, arracadas, propia de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile y Uruguay, en 1925. Corominas relaciona el término con ceremonias, cortesías, usual en México y Honduras, y como desarrollo posterior podrá considerarse caravanas, zarcillos, pendientes con adornos colgantes, usada en la Argentina, Chile, Bolivia y Perú...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8IDjAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;caravanas&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo suntuario en la vida cotidiana del Buenos Aires virreinal: de lo material a lo espiritual&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Nelly Raquel Porro, Estela Rosa Barbero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y antes que su primera aparición en la RAE, tenía esta definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;amer. Mej.&lt;/code&gt; Reverencia, cortesía, por lo común afectada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;pl.&lt;/code&gt; Las primeras campañas que hacían por mar los caballeros de Malta contra moros y piratas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;amer. Arg.&lt;/code&gt; Zarcillos ó pendientes &lt;strong&gt;con adornos colgantes.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bailarle la caravana á uno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1ZENAQAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Enciclopedia vniversal ilvstrada evropeo-americana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Volume 11 (p.711) (1907)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-06T15:50:45.960" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T15:50:45.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-07T07:11:16.787" Score="4" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo en la cocina de casa un pequeño póster al estilo de los Estados Unidos de los años 50, con una imagen de una hamburguesa que cuesta 50 céntimos y el texto siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Burgers with all the trimmings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4PxVGm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4PxVGm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Burgers with all the trimmings&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso &lt;em&gt;trimmings&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &quot;cualquier condimento o elemento adicional que se añade a la hamburguesa&quot;. Yo automáticamente traduzco esa expresión al español así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hamburguesas con todos sus avíos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Andalucía (España) usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4a5NnJb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;avíos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con un poco de libertad. Según el diccionario, la acepción más cercana es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Utensilios necesarios para algo. &lt;em&gt;Avíos de escribir, de coser, de afeitar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si sustituís la palabra &lt;em&gt;utensilios&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;ingredientes&lt;/em&gt; tenéis la definición exacta que usamos aquí. Por ejemplo, solemos hablar mucho de &quot;los avíos del puchero&quot; para referirnos a todo lo que hace falta para prepararlo: las verduras, los garbanzos, los huesos de jamón, etc. Y en el caso de la hamburguesa, los &lt;em&gt;avíos&lt;/em&gt; son simplemente lo que hace falta para hacer una buena hamburguesa (además de la propia hamburguesa, claro): queso, beicon, lechuga, tomate, ketchup, mostaza...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, se me hace que esta palabra pueda sonar demasiado andaluza, no sé si se usa en el resto del mundo hispanohablante (incluyendo el resto de España). Así pues, pregunta: ¿se usa &lt;em&gt;avíos&lt;/em&gt; de esta forma en el resto del mundo (o, al menos, se entendería)? ¿Cuál sería una forma más adecuada de expresar esta idea de modo que se entienda mejor para todos los hispanohablantes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T14:57:39.533" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T00:52:29.837" Title="Traducción para &quot;burgers with all the trimmings&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27332" CreationDate="2018-09-07T07:16:34.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que en España, fuera de Andalucía, no se entendería ese uso de &lt;strong&gt;avíos&lt;/strong&gt;. Propongo varías alternativas:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=30jXGNR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Añadido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. Añadidura, adición.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A1KrS6q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complemento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Cosa, cualidad o circunstancia que se añade a otra para hacerla íntegra o perfecta.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3jLocDD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arreos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. pl. Adherentes o cosas menudas que pertenecen a otra principal o se usan con ella.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(aunque no creo que sea ampliamente entendida)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T07:51:02.910" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T07:51:02.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27332" CreationDate="2018-09-07T08:58:18.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=trimmings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference lo traduce&lt;/a&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;guarniciones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adornos (figurado)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JklZZCp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guarnición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; lo define el DLE como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Complemento, generalmente de hortalizas, legumbres, etc., que se sirve con la carne o el pescado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;em&gt;guarniciones&lt;/em&gt;, por contra, sí me encaja bastante, por lo que la frase 'Burgers with all the trimmings' creo que tendría una buena candidato de traducción en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hamburgueras con su guarnición&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al uso de &lt;em&gt;avíos&lt;/em&gt;, yo nunca lo había oído y, por tanto, en mi zona nordeste de España no es nada común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T09:27:11.923" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T09:27:11.923" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26500" CreationDate="2018-09-07T09:02:34.240" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Después de preguntar (por fin) &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/q/7159/2646&quot;&gt;en el sitio de latín&lt;/a&gt;, nuestro compañero &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/18793/luchonacho&quot;&gt;@luchonacho&lt;/a&gt; nos ofrece &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/a/7160/2646&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; con diversos textos que nos pueden aclarar el origen de la palabra. Pero antes, citemos los textos ya mencionados en los comentarios de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comencemos por Corominas y su &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico&lt;/em&gt; (tercera edición muy revisada de 1973):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salario&lt;/em&gt;, S. XV, latín &lt;em&gt;salarium&lt;/em&gt; 'suma que se daba a los soldados para que se compraran sal', y luego 'sueldo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mucho antes, Covarrubias decía esto en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llamose salario el estipendio que se dava a los soldados, o por esta razon [entendiendo debaxo del de sal todo lo que es vianda y sustento], o porque les librassen sus pagas en las rentas de las salinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como autoridad, confío más en Corominas que en Covarrubias, sinceramente. La propia RAE reconoce que las etimologías de Covarrubias hoy día están ampliamente superadas. Sin embargo, Covarrubias cita como fuente el capítulo 7 del libro 31 de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalis_historia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historia natural&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Plinio el Viejo, que vivió en el siglo I:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Honoribus etiam militiaeque interponitur salariis inde dictis, magna apud antiquos et auctoritate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Texto que forma parte del siguiente fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y por tanto [...] la vida civilizada sería imposible sin sal, y tan necesario es este sustento básico que su nombre se usa metafóricamente incluso para intensos placeres mentales ('sales') [...]. Tiene lugar entre los magistrados y en el servicio extranjero, del cual viene el nombre 'salarium' ('dinero en sal'); tenía gran importancia entre los hombres de la antigüedad, como se desprende del nombre 'Salariae viae', vía a través de la cual se traía, por acuerdo, la sal a los Sabinos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y pasamos ya a los textos citados en la respuesta del sitio de latín, textos que aquí traduciré. Comenzamos por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112112481541;view=1up;seq=185&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dictionary of derivations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (1838), de Robert Sullivan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SALARY. De &lt;em&gt;salarium&lt;/em&gt;, en latín &quot;provisiones que se les daba a los soldados, de las cuales la &lt;em&gt;sal&lt;/em&gt; era una parte necesaria&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto ofrece una nueva opinión sobre el origen del término. Seguimos con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hn5x1e;view=1up;seq=62&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forgotten meanings&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (1886), de Alfred Waites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SALARY. Perteneciente o relativo a la sal. Dinero dado a los soldados para sal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta aquí coincide entonces con Corominas, pero además añade lo siguiente para dar más profundidad a la explicación (me he permitido extender un poco la cita bíblica):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La sal era algo venerado por los antiguos. Era usada en sacrificios; por eso Moisés ordenó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Y sazonarás con sal toda ofrenda de grano que ofrezcas, y no permitirás que falte jamás de tu ofrenda de grano la sal del convenio de tu Dios. En toda ofrenda tuya ofrecerás sal.&quot; (Levítico 2, 13.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, ofrecer sal a un extraño era (y sigue siendo) reconocido como símbolo de amistad en algunas naciones orientales; y derramar sal en la mesa se considera un mal augurio. El deseo de obtener los medios para comprar sal dio lugar al origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;salarium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a textos latinos únicamente disponemos de momento del de Plinio, citado por Covarrubias; pero no veo descabelladas las respectivas opciones dadas por Sullivan y Waites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T10:19:11.910" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T10:19:11.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10384" CreationDate="2018-09-07T14:41:59.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi humilde punto de vista ese postpretérito condicional indica algo que pudo haber sido y no fué.&#xA;Es mejor desde mi punto de vista usar el pasado cuando es pasado: &quot; el resultado fué el desnudo femenino grandioso&quot;  quizá es menos &quot;elegante&quot; pero es descriptivo y no se presta a confusión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20102" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T14:41:59.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27337" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-07T21:06:52.843" Score="5" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across a sentence that began: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con esto queda demostrado que . . .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, could one also say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto demuestra que . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If both are correct (which I suspect they are) then which one would native speakers usually use? In English most people would normally just say &lt;code&gt;This demonstrates  that . . .&lt;/code&gt; as opposed to &lt;code&gt;With this it is demonstrated that . . .&lt;/code&gt; Is that also the case with native Spanish speakers, in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20063" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T21:10:11.553" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T14:13:45.230" Title="Using past participle vs. the present tense" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27337" CreationDate="2018-09-07T22:27:13.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is from a translator's point of view.&lt;/strong&gt; My mother tongue is English. That said, I have an analysis about this that might be useful to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emphasis cannot be shown in Spanish using helping verbs as in English. Therefore, in Spanish one resorts to &lt;strong&gt;other techniques&lt;/strong&gt; in keeping with the language. &lt;p&gt;&#xA;For example, for &quot;This &lt;em&gt;did demonstrate&lt;/em&gt; that [etc.]&quot;, you have to add something like &quot;Sí, lo demuestra&quot; or change the sentence around, with the &quot;con esto&quot; at the beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, one might say example: This &lt;strong&gt;does demonstrate&lt;/strong&gt; that [another clause], which could be rendered: &lt;strong&gt;Con esto queda demostrado&lt;/strong&gt; que [another clause]. It emphasizes the result of what is being demonstrated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, on the other hand, the &lt;strong&gt;process&lt;/strong&gt; is what is &lt;strong&gt;being emphasized&lt;/strong&gt;, the straightforward &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Esto demuestra que (another clause)&lt;/strong&gt;, which in English is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;This demonstrates that (another clause)&lt;/strong&gt;, would work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any event, I would not translate &quot;Con esto queda demonstrado que [x]&quot; as &quot;With this, it is demonstrated that [x].&quot; In some limited cases, and in addition to what I gave above, it might also be translated it as: &quot;That [he was guilty] is demonstrated by this.&quot; That also emphasizes the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the surface, these things are somewhat difficult to grasp until one has made one's own (&quot;interiorized&quot;) certain patterns in Spanish that would not ordinarily be studied in a normal language course. It would have to be a course on speech stylistics or translation of spoken language (as one sees in interpreting).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;He did it, I tell you, he **did do it&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;, what might happen in the translation is this: &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Lo hizo, te digo yo que sí lo hizo.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; And there &lt;strong&gt;might even be&lt;/strong&gt; this: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Lo hizo, te lo digo que sí lo hizo él&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that example, the &quot;did do it&quot; can become &quot;sí lo hizo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T22:27:13.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27337" CreationDate="2018-09-07T22:38:28.093" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both structures are correct, but they do not mean exactly the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedar demostrado&lt;/em&gt; works as a form of the passive voice. As you probably know, the so-called periphrastic passive voice in Spanish works very much as in English, using the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; plus the participle, so &lt;em&gt;«Es demostrado»&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;It is demonstrated&quot; (or &quot;It is shown&quot;). This other structure uses &lt;em&gt;quedar&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (plus participle).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedar&lt;/em&gt; + participle emphasizes the fact that the patient of the action (the thing being done something to; in the example, the thing being demonstrated) has already been affected by the action and has stayed changed or affected in some way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish you do not really say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esto es demostrado que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the above is gramatically correct, it is not commonly done. You would say, as in the example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con esto queda demostrado que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means that (whatever) is or has been &quot;left in a state of being already demonstrated&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedar&lt;/em&gt; + participle is used in many places where English would use the common passive voice with &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; + participle. It's also used where English would use the equivalent verb &lt;em&gt;to remain&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to stay&lt;/em&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Queda demostrado.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;It is/has been demonstrated.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedé espantado.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I was [left] horrified.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me quedé sorprendido.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I was/stood [there] surprised.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quedó destruido.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;It was [left] destroyed.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I have translated &lt;em&gt;Queda demostrado&lt;/em&gt; as either &quot;It is demonstrated&quot; or &quot;It has been demonstrated&quot;. This is because this structure emphasizes that the process, if there was one, is complete. This is also why I've added &quot;left&quot; or &quot;stood there&quot; where appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T14:13:45.230" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T14:13:45.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-07T23:26:51.660" Score="4" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the equivalent for the number in Spanish: 1'740.720? I saw this number in an article, but don't understand the ' symbol after the one (1'). It looks like an apostrophe was placed after the number. I understand the punto after the the thousands 1.000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20107" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T09:29:28.967" Title="Symbols in Spanish numbers" Tags="&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27347" CreationDate="2018-09-08T00:58:36.173" Score="3" ViewCount="349" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hermanos&quot; means both &quot;brothers&quot; and &quot;siblings&quot;. How do you know which is meant?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ahetv.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ahetv.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xShOc.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xShOc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20108" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-30T15:26:16.410" LastActivityDate="2020-03-30T15:26:16.410" Title="Male vs. Generic noun gender ambiguity" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-08T01:54:00.993" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to say &quot;shelter&quot; your children? 'Proteger' or protect, doesn't sound derogatory, which is what is meant by this phrase. 'Sobreproteger' doesn't seem to do it justice either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15407" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T13:25:30.963" Title="Best translation of &quot;Shelter&quot; your children" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27342" CreationDate="2018-09-08T03:24:13.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This occurs since the translator does not discriminate between register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to saying &lt;em&gt;¿Cuantos hermanos tienes?&lt;/em&gt;, this includes both male and female; however, depending on the emphasis we want to show, you can also say &lt;em&gt;¿Cuántas hermanas tienes?&lt;/em&gt; to reveal the quantity of females.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestion: do not use translators to learn Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T03:24:13.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27343" CreationDate="2018-09-08T08:03:47.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobreproteger&lt;/em&gt; is the term you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's used when you want to say that a parent protects its children &lt;em&gt;too much&lt;/em&gt; from the perils of the &quot;real world&quot;. It's derogatory, as the parent isn't allowing its children to grow because of the &lt;em&gt;excessive&lt;/em&gt; protection. In general, you'd want to avoid to &quot;sobreproteger&quot; your children. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20110" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T08:03:47.127" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27341" CreationDate="2018-09-08T08:10:15.950" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;That apostrophe is simply marking millions. 1'000.000 is one million (1.000.000).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That isn't a standard notation in Spanish (in fact, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/miles-y-millones-claves-de-escritura/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;it isn't recommended&lt;/a&gt;), and other languages also use apostrophes as separators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Los millones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No hay un signo especial para los millones, que se marcan igualmente con un espacio. Se desaconsejan, por tanto, grafías como &lt;em&gt;1’000,000&lt;/em&gt; (con apóstrofo) y &lt;em&gt;1,000.000&lt;/em&gt; (coma y punto), que se ven ocasionalmente en los medios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20110" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-08T09:29:28.967" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T09:29:28.967" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27342" CreationDate="2018-09-08T08:15:44.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &quot;male&quot; terms are used to refer to collections of male elements but also to refer to collections of both male and female elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask &quot;¿cuántos hermanos tienes?&quot;, you can be asking &quot;how many male siblings do you have&quot; or &quot;how many siblings do you have&quot;. Which one are you using depends on the context, but that kind of situations can be confusing in real use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An equivalent situation happens in English when you say &quot;You are good&quot; to someone in a group. Are you saying that the group is good, or that the person is good? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20110" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T08:15:44.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27343" CreationDate="2018-09-08T13:16:41.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you think that &lt;em&gt;sobreproteger&lt;/em&gt; does not do enough justice, then you can say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hiperproteger&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ultraproteger&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will not find the word &quot;sobreproteger&quot; in the dictionary, because in fact it is formed by &quot;proteger&quot; and the prefix &quot;sobre-&quot;, which means &quot;over&quot;, the same that &quot;súper-&quot;. I'm not sure if there is any order of superiority, but I think &quot;híper-&quot; and &quot;ultra-&quot; in this case are more intense than &quot;sobre-&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-09-08T13:25:30.963" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T13:25:30.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27322" CreationDate="2018-09-08T15:57:30.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una matanza de [animales o personas]= killing, the verb is matar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una masacre de [animales o personas]=masacre, the verb is masacrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Matanza is to killing as masacre is to massacre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T15:57:30.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-08T17:47:55.467" Score="2" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy interesado en las diferencias de uso en estos adjetivos. Leyendo el diccionario, solamente veo que &quot;arduo&quot; es más formal. ¿Aparte de eso hay algunas otras diferencias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14633" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T14:05:11.343" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T19:18:36.427" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;duro&quot; y &quot;arduo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4218" CreationDate="2018-09-08T18:58:17.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me pongo de ejemplo: soy venezolano, médico Cirujano de título medico humano. La carrera de Medicina en Venezuela es de 6 años + 1 año de rural (sin este último año no puede ejercer medicina). Luego realicé dos especialidades médicas de tres años cada una.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al trabajo de investigación del grado de medicina se le llama trabajo especial de grado. Luego realicé una maestría Magister Scintiarum en Ciencias Veterinarias Mención Parasitologia y al trabajo de grado a este nivel se le llama trabajo de grado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Luego de aquí se hace un doctorado y al trabajo de investigación se le llama trabajo de doctorado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso me he quedado a nivel de maestría MSc, supongo que en España es master, no doctorado, porque el magister es 4.º nivel y el doctorado es de 5.º nivel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diploma de bachillerato&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estudios médicos, que culminan con título de grado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Especialidad, con su &lt;em&gt;trabajo especial de grado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maestría MSc, con su &lt;em&gt;trabajo de grado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doctorado, con su &lt;em&gt;trabajo de doctorado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Postdoctorado PhD&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20114" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T12:22:07.403" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T12:22:07.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27354" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-08T19:41:57.317" Score="10" ViewCount="547" Body="&lt;p&gt;When expressing that someone was killed (&lt;em&gt;matar&lt;/em&gt;) in the passive voice, the past participle of &lt;em&gt;morir&lt;/em&gt; is used (suppleting the expected past participle &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/q/28981/20700&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;matado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;sup&gt;1 2 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«Según la leyenda, Osiris, que era el esposo de Isis, &lt;strong&gt;fue muerto&lt;/strong&gt; a traición por su propio hermano» &lt;sub&gt;• Pedrero &lt;em&gt;Besos&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1987]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«Imposible saber cuántas personas &lt;strong&gt;fueron muertas&lt;/strong&gt; o heridas por las balas» &lt;sub&gt;• Velasco &lt;em&gt;Regina&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1987]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;«Selicho &lt;strong&gt;fue muerto&lt;/strong&gt; a golpes por sus propios funcionarios» &lt;sub&gt;• Galeano &lt;em&gt;Días&lt;/em&gt; [Ur. 1978]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El toro &lt;strong&gt;fue muerto&lt;/strong&gt; a la tercera estocada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE the regular past participle of &lt;em&gt;matar&lt;/em&gt; is also used (rarely):&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«El animal es mío. &lt;strong&gt;Fue matado&lt;/strong&gt; en mi propiedad, ¿no, comisario?»  &lt;sub&gt;• RRosa &lt;em&gt;Sebastián&lt;/em&gt; [Guat. 1994]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I have never heard this myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is this phrasing &lt;em&gt;(&amp;quot;fue matado&amp;quot;)&lt;/em&gt; only used in certain dialects or registers? If so, which?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=kvCJWyXYED6KELmebz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD: &lt;strong&gt;matar(se). 1.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=VrHLauG8GD60rDX9OY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD: &lt;strong&gt;morir(se). 2.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PppPsdZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE: &lt;strong&gt;morir. 7.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-04-24T10:15:12.643" Title="Which dialects use &quot;fue matado&quot; in place of &quot;fue muerto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;participio&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;&lt;formas-irregulares&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27350" CreationDate="2018-09-08T20:16:49.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;«Arduo» significa «muy difícil»; solamente se intercambia con «duro» bajo ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«Duro», por otra parte, podría significar &lt;em&gt;violento, cruel&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;insensible&lt;/em&gt;, que no recaen en la definición de «muy difícil».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-09-09T19:18:36.427" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T19:18:36.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27356" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-09T00:48:54.813" Score="6" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de llegar de una boda y antes de irme a la cama no puedo resistirme a plantearos una duda. Durante la misma me han puesto un entrante con uno de estos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xwHIum.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xwHIum.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Cuchador&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y automáticamente me he acordado de la escena de Wall-E en la que el robot no puede decidirse en qué lado clasificar un cachivache similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GQhHsm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GQhHsm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Teneduchara&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ya en serio, ¿recibe algún nombre especial el cuchador/teneduchara de la imagen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T12:00:42.967" Title="¿Es un tenedor? ¿Es una cuchara?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27332" CreationDate="2018-09-09T00:52:29.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En varios países latinoamericanos (concretamente, sé de Colombia y México) y de manera informal, se diría simplemente &quot;un ____ &lt;strong&gt;con todo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;una ____ &lt;strong&gt;con todo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Como ejemplos: en México se habla de &quot;tacos con todo&quot;, y en Colombia se usa &quot;hamburguesa con todo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20110" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T00:52:29.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27354" CreationDate="2018-09-09T17:09:01.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) «Según la leyenda, Osiris, que era el esposo de Isis, fue muerto a traición por su propio hermano» • Pedrero Besos [Esp. 1987]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation: &lt;strong&gt;died by betrayal at the hands of his brother&lt;/strong&gt;, In other words,he brother killed him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) «Imposible saber cuántas personas fueron muertas o heridas por las balas» &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning: died or were wounded (meaning); Translation: were shot to death or wounded by bullets [or gunfire]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) «El animal es mío. &lt;strong&gt;Fue matado&lt;/strong&gt; en mi propiedad, ¿no, comisario?» • RRosa Sebastián [Guat. 1994]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated: &lt;strong&gt;was killed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ser + muerto = to die, in the above examples. killed can also be used in some cases. muerto is the past participle of morir. to die&#xA;matar= to kill,fue matado, to be killed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's confusing&lt;/strong&gt; but in Spanish &lt;strong&gt;fue muerto is actually died but is sometimes was killed, as in an accident&lt;/strong&gt;. from: morir. Otherwise, se murió. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;En resumen, tan correcto es fue muerto como fue matado, pero fue&#xA;  muerto es más frecuente.&quot; se le en éste &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/los-muertos-que-vos-matais-son-muertos-o-son-matados-3415/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt;*.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="19182" LastEditDate="2018-09-10T17:04:28.107" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T17:04:28.107" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-09T20:09:50.640" Score="3" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;He pensado intensamente en la frase siguiente. Comprendo más o menos lo que significa, pero no su estructura gramatical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando les dijeron que les tocaba hacer un desalojo, habrán pensado: &quot;Mierda, qué desagradable&quot;, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que hay tres sujetos mencionado en esta frase: De primero un sujeto significado de &quot;les&quot;, de segundo un de &quot;dijeron&quot; y &quot;habrán pensado&quot; y finalmente un de &quot;tocaba&quot;. ¿Es correcto? La frase a mi me parece muy compleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20120" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-11T21:03:38.923" LastActivityDate="2018-09-11T21:03:38.923" Title="Explicación de una frase compleja" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27360" CreationDate="2018-09-09T21:17:26.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es compleja, pero los hispanohablantes utilizamos frases como esa, a menudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La dificultad es que los pronombres están omitidos. Voy a inventarme los sujetos, para que sea más fácil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando [unos] les dijeron [a ellos] que (a ellos) les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así es más fácil. Ahora vamos a analizar la frase, por partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Empezamos con una frase sencilla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unos les dijeron eso (a ellos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es parte de una oración más compleja. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando unos les dijeron eso (a ellos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, reemplazamos &quot;eso&quot; por una subordinada sustantiva:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando unos les dijeron (a ellos) que &lt;em&gt;blablabla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que solamente intervienen dos grupos de personas: &quot;unos&quot; y &quot;ellos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero estos grupos de personas no son sujetos. En la oración principal, el sujeto es &quot;Unos&quot;. Sin embargo, en la subordinada sustantiva, el sujeto es &quot;hacer un desalojo&quot;. &lt;code&gt;&quot;Hacer un desalojo&quot; les tocaba a ellos&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haber ayudado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-09T21:17:26.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27360" CreationDate="2018-09-10T08:50:37.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es espacialmente interesante y el análisis es complejo. A riesgo de quedarme corto, puedo decir que pero se trata de una oración subordinada; una conjetura en antefuturo que, a su vez, es subordinada a la primera y dos interjecciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oracion circunstancial subordinada advervial&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Introducida por &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;cuando&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; que funciona como una conjunción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando les dijeron que les tocaba hacer un desalojo, habrán pensado &amp;quot;mierda, qué desagradable&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oración subordinada sustantiva transitiva (proposición subordinada adverbial)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[estos] les dijeron [a aquellos] que les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conjetura en antefuturo (predicado de la oración circunstancial)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Aquellos] habrán pensado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mierda, qué desagradable&amp;quot; (Interjección que funciona como objeto directo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interjección&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que la pregunta busca solamente la explicación la estructura gramatical, es interesante desmenuzar el contexto de la narración del cual obtenemos cuatro actores directos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Narrador:&lt;/strong&gt; Existe solo uno que introduce el contexto para hacer una referencia literal a un supuesto comentario de otro sujeto (en este caso &lt;em&gt;aquellos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escucha:&lt;/strong&gt; Existe tambien uno, quien recibe el mensaje del narrador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estos:&lt;/strong&gt; Los que informaron a &lt;em&gt;aquellos&lt;/em&gt; que les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquellos:&lt;/strong&gt; Los encargados de ejecutar el desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando [estos] les dijeron [a aquellos] que les tocaba hacer un desalojo, [aqellos] habrán pensado: &lt;em&gt;(Narracion)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Mierda, qué desagradable&amp;quot;,      &lt;em&gt;(Referencia al supuesto comentario [de aquellos])&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿no? &lt;em&gt;(Interjección del narrador)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T08:57:01.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27360" CreationDate="2018-09-10T10:10:05.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No voy a repetir lo que ya está explicado en las respuestas anteriores a la mia, asi que me voy a centrar en hacerte ver que hasta las frases mas complejas no son mas que frases simples &quot;con florituras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando les dijeron que les tocaba hacer un desalojo, habrán pensado: &quot;Mierda, qué desagradable&quot;, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo primero es separar la oración de la interjección &quot;¿no?&quot;, ya que lo único que está haciendo es matizar el sentido de la misma, es decir, convierte una afirmación en una duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después pasa una cosa curiosa, y es que si añadimos los sujetos omitidos y reorganizamos los elementos de la oración la podemos pasar a algo mas sencillo de entender y analizar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Ellos] habrán pensado: &quot;Mierda, qué desagradable&quot; cuando les dijeron que les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora vamos a pasar a sustituir esas florituras por elementos sencillos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Ellos] habrán pensado (algo) cuando (otra cosa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto puede parecer una sobresimplificación, pero de repente vemos una oración muy básica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ Ellos ] habrán pensado (algo) cuando (otra cosa)&#xA; sujeto  |              Predicado&#xA;          [    Verbo   ][ C.D ] [Complemento Circunstancial]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, hemos omitido un montón de información en este análisis, en concreto hemos eliminado por completo la subordinada, esta la podemos analizar por separado tal que asi:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Les dijeron que les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón por la que todo parece tan complejo es porque la subordinada contiene otra subordinada!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Les dijeron (algo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aqui es bastante sencillo, &quot;Les&quot; es CI, dijeron el verbo y la subordinada hace de CD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuamos con la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;les tocaba hacer un desalojo.&#xA;  Aqui &quot;un desalojo&quot; hace de CD, &quot;les&quot; de CI y encima esta oración es impersonal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Conclusión&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es una oración bastante compleja, que implementa prácticamente todas las complicaciones posibles, espero que esta respuesta te sirva para analizar en el futuro, ¡divide y vencerás!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T10:10:05.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27354" CreationDate="2018-09-10T15:57:24.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context I think the word &quot;asesinado&quot; is a better option, but that's only my opinion.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually in Spanish we have the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dar muerte&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; verb and its past participle &quot;fue muerto&quot;, that would be the closest translation for &quot;&lt;strong&gt;murder&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;was murdered&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I think &quot;asesinado&quot; is a better option? because of the type of murder.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally a &lt;strong&gt;murder/dar muerte&lt;/strong&gt; is an act of killing someone intentionally, but generally is in a confrontation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish there's a huge difference between &quot;matar&quot; and &quot;asesinar&quot;: normally &lt;strong&gt;&quot;matar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is for non human beings and when is not the intention &#xA;while &lt;strong&gt;&quot;asesinar&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the act of killing someone with intention and even advantage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So under this context for me killing by betrayal sounds much more like an assassination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;dar muerte&quot; would be also correct in the general context and for the same reason that this is a legend and the circumstances are disperse &quot;fue muerto&quot; could be the right option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's go with the case of Jesus Christ. We could argue that he was killed, murdered or assassinated and the three options would be correct because the conditions of his death (pretty much the same as Osiris).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end the usage will fall depending of each person point of view: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.- Accidental/Required : Matar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.- Confrontation and with intention: Dar muerte&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3.- With Intention and Advantage : Asesinar    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a lot of people a bullfight is an act of assassination, for others is a confrontation with the intention of killing and the survivor is the winner so it could be : &quot;fue muerto&quot; or &quot;asesinado&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interesting case of a man fight: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a box fight as it would be accidental it would be : &quot;fue matado&quot;, but due matado has the animal connotation and would show a lack in respect it is better to just use &quot;murió&quot;, but friends, family and even the opponent would feel like &quot;lo maté/mató&quot;, but never feel like &quot;asesiné/asesinó&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-06T14:02:44.707" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T14:02:44.707" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27354" CreationDate="2018-09-11T02:49:39.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El participio de &lt;em&gt;matar&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;matado&lt;/strong&gt;, de modo que para la formación de los &lt;strong&gt;tiempos compuestos&lt;/strong&gt; se usa este participio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo he matado.       I killed him&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo había matado.    I had killed him&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo habrá matado.    He will have killed him&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la voz pasiva y cuando se trata de una persona, se emplea casi siempre &lt;em&gt;el participio&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;muerto&lt;/strong&gt; en vez del participio &lt;em&gt;matado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Varios policías &lt;strong&gt;han sido muertos&lt;/strong&gt; en un ataque terrorista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando la muerte no ha sido intencionada, por ejemplo en caso de un accidente, se emplea &lt;strong&gt;resultar muerto&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el accidente de avión &lt;strong&gt;resultaron muertos&lt;/strong&gt; 80 pasajeros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expresiones:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;matar a alguien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dar muerte a alguien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quitar la vida a alguien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fue muerto por ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resultaron muertos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Matar&lt;/em&gt; (su participio matado) me parece la mejor opción. &lt;em&gt;Asesinar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;eliminar&lt;/em&gt; conllevan sentidos de premeditación o intento, y por tanto culpabilidad (que legalmente según el jurado, no había). &lt;em&gt;Matar&lt;/em&gt; como verbo es neutro, simplemente nos explica que, por una acción suya, está muerto alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no he escuchado &lt;em&gt;ultimar&lt;/em&gt; en este contexto, pero según el DRAE, es americanismo y según el DAA, se usa en todo el continente excepto Colombia, Guatemala, Venezuela y las partes no orientales de Bolivia. No obstante, El País es un periódico español y ya que el único verbo aceptable en España en este contexto es matar (por carecer de otra palabra sencilla neutra en esa tierra), han usado matado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20122" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-09-11T17:00:06.977" LastActivityDate="2018-09-11T17:00:06.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27370" CreationDate="2018-09-11T06:04:42.023" Score="4" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[English]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of music styles with drum rhythms that in English are commonly known as breakbeats, breaks, or more generally, broken beats. I once heard someone describe a rhythm as &quot;más quebrado&quot; (more broken) than another, so ritmos/latidos quebrados comes to mind if I were guessing and simply translating the English words. I've also said latidos rotos, but while I know it's understood I'm not really sure if these are definitive ways of talking about it for native speakers who are musicians.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the most commonly used way of talking about this in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd really appreciate answers by people familiar with the ways musicians or aficionados would be talking about these rhythmic elements as I'd like a functional and natural way to do so myself with people involved in music composition &amp;amp; production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[Spanish]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchos estilos de música con ritmos de tambores que en inglés se llaman &quot;breakbeats&quot;, &quot;breaks&quot;, o más en general, &quot;broken beats&quot;. Una vez le escuché a alguien describir un ritmo como &quot;más quebrado&quot; que otro, entonces &quot;ritmos/latidos quebrados&quot; me ocurre si fuera a adivinar y traduccir las palabras directamente del inglés. También he dicho &quot;latidos rotos&quot; y aunque yo sé que es entendido, no estoy seguro si estas sean las maneras definitivas de hablar del tema para músicos hispanohablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qué es la manera más usada para hablar de esto en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agradezco mucho respuestas por gente acostumbrada a las maneras que hablarían los músicos o aficionados de estes elementos rítmicos porque me gustaría saber una manera funcional y natural de hablar con personas involucradas en la composición y producción de la música. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Breakbeats / broken beats:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-EUZhyI3cc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-EUZhyI3cc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4/4 beat (&quot;straight&quot;, not broken beat):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQnG9HlWok0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQnG9HlWok0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2420" LastEditorUserId="2420" LastEditDate="2018-09-11T06:41:18.300" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T05:54:02.180" Title="Describing broken beat rhythms / breakbeats / breaks in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;música&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27371" CreationDate="2018-09-12T01:11:24.237" Score="6" ViewCount="1477" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá esto &lt;strong&gt;puede&lt;/strong&gt; servirte como inspiración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá esto &lt;strong&gt;pueda&lt;/strong&gt; servirte como inspiración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde un punto de vista teórico, ¿qué forma es correcta y por qué? Desde un punto de vista práctico, ¿importa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20128" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T08:52:49.400" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T14:17:49.223" Title="&quot;Quizá puede&quot; vs &quot;quizá pueda&quot;: presente indicativo vs presente subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27368" CreationDate="2018-09-12T02:25:44.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El adverbio &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; expresa duda o probabilidad; por tanto, la elección del subjuntivo es adecuada para mantener esta consistencia. No obstante, las formas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Quizá esto &lt;strong&gt;puede / pueda&lt;/strong&gt; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se usan &lt;em&gt;intercambiablemente&lt;/em&gt; a pesar de que la con subjuntivo es correcta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Muchas veces, los hablantes no distinguen su uso; sin embargo, y dependiendo de la región en que te encuentres, puede haber preferencia tanto en la primera como en la segunda forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T02:25:44.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27367" CreationDate="2018-09-12T05:54:02.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the words you are looking for are &lt;strong&gt;sincopa&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;contratiempo&lt;/strong&gt;. If you take, as an example, the 4/4 tempo, basic music theory dictates that this figure will have the 1st and the 3rd beats as strong where 2nd and 4th as weak. But in the rhythms that you are referring two things happen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contratiempo:&lt;/strong&gt; For example, in percussion instruments like drums, the player will put an accent on the weak beat giving this broken feeling. As an interesting note, in Spanish the &lt;em&gt;hi-hat&lt;/em&gt; cymbals are called &lt;strong&gt;platillos de contratiempo&lt;/strong&gt; because its main use is to mark the weak beats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Síncopa:&lt;/strong&gt; Mainly in not percussive instruments, when the sound starts in the weak beat but extend to the strong beat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the rhythm it would be called, in general, as &lt;strong&gt;ritmo sincopado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These points are just examples. Of course you can achieve both with either percussive and not percussive instruments. Also, the musical theory described here is not comprehensive because the main objective is the Spanish language. If you want to do deeper into the musical aspects I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://music.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://music.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que los términos que estás buscando son &lt;strong&gt;sincopa&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;contratiempo&lt;/strong&gt;. Si tomamos como ejemplo el compás de 4/4, la teoría básica dice que el primer y tercer tiempos son los fuertes mientras que el segundo y el cuarto son los débiles. En los ritmos que refieres, hay dos cosas que estan sucediendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contratiempo:&lt;/strong&gt; En los instrumentos de percusión, por ejemplo, es cuando el ejecutante pone el acento en los tiempos débiles para dar este efecto de &lt;em&gt;quebrado&lt;/em&gt;. Como nota interesante, los platillos &lt;em&gt;hi-hat&lt;/em&gt; en español se llaman &lt;strong&gt;platillos de contratiempo&lt;/strong&gt; porque se usan para marcar los tiempos débiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Síncopa:&lt;/strong&gt; Especialmente en los instrumenos no pecusivos, cuando el sonido inicia en el tiempo débil pero se extende hasta el tiempo débil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para referirse al ritmo, podrías llamarlo, en general, como &lt;strong&gt;ritmo sincopado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los puntos descritos son solo ejemplos. desde luego es posible ejecutar las dos figuras descritas tanto con instrumentos de percusión como con no percusivos. Además, la teoría musical descrita es muy superficial puesto que el objetivo aquí es el lenguaje. Si quieres investigar más sobre teoría musical, te recomiendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://music.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://music.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T05:54:02.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27368" CreationDate="2018-09-12T08:52:13.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta duda la resuelven los &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pehlLdhrzodSthko&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafos 25.14i y siguientes&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;, el cual cito a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los adverbios de duda y de posibilidad son compatibles con los dos modos [indicativo y subjuntivo] dentro de su propia oración. El subjuntivo puede aparecer en estas construcciones, pero solo si el adverbio precede al verbo [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es el caso de tu ejemplo, el cual podemos reordenar así para verlo con más claridad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto quizá {puede ~ pueda} servirte como inspiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; cita como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Quizá {oyó ~ oyera} la conversación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya sobre el uso específico de &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, el párrafo 25.14k dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El adverbio &lt;em&gt;quizá(s)&lt;/em&gt; suele rechazar el indicativo cuando se combina con el tiempo presente usado con valor de futuro. Se prefiere, pues, la segunda opción en &lt;em&gt;Quizás {voy ~ vaya} mañana a la ciudad&lt;/em&gt;.  Cabe pensar que este contraste se debe a la colisión semántica que se produce entre el significado del adverbio &lt;em&gt;quizá(s)&lt;/em&gt; y el sentido de 'decisión firme' que se asigna generalmente al presente prospectivo. La elección del modo en los demás contextos depende en gran medida de cómo se interprete la estructura informativa de la oración y, en particular, de que se enfatice o no la verosimilitud de lo que se presenta como probable o la certeza —presente o futura— de lo que aparece como inseguro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación cita los siguientes ejemplos, entre otros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quizá no debí hacerlo: quizá debí ser más discreta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal vez eran impostores, tal vez hubo entre ellos un ajuste de cuentas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quizás no lo pudo evitar, quizás dejó que todo ocurriera así.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y concluye:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo es posible en estos textos si el que habla desea relativizar aún más su aserto, como sucede en &lt;em&gt;Tal vez fuese una de sus reacciones infantiles, frescas, que tanto enamoraban a Aldo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El párrafo 25.14l profundiza un poco más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El subjuntivo es algo más frecuente con los adverbios de duda cuando la información que introducen no es focal, lo que permite que la atención del hablante o del oyente se centre en algún otro segmento del discurso. Así, el que dice &lt;em&gt;Estoy buscando a alguien que quizás trabaje aquí&lt;/em&gt; presenta la búsqueda de cierta persona como información central o nuclear, mientras que la oración de relativo agrega determinado dato que desea presentar como circunstancial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No parece ser el caso de tu ejemplo. El párrafo 25.14m introduce otra alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] también en estas construcciones alterna el presente de subjuntivo con el futuro, particularmente en las oraciones de sentido prospectivo en las que se hace referencia a contenidos no experimentados. Así, &lt;em&gt;consiga&lt;/em&gt; alterna con &lt;em&gt;conseguirá&lt;/em&gt; (no con &lt;em&gt;consigue&lt;/em&gt;) en la apódosis del siguiente periodo condicional: &lt;em&gt;Si está en mi bando, quizá consiga soportar todo esto&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este ejemplo parece concordar un poco más con tu ejemplo, en el que se menciona algo que aún no se ha experimentado y por tanto la oración tiene sentido prospectivo. Por tanto cabría introducir como alternativa el uso del futuro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quizá esto {pueda ~ podrá} servirte como inspiración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero añade al final:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cabe hacer notar que en el último siglo se atestigua un notable decrecimiento del futuro en favor del subjuntivo en estos contextos [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta aquí lo que dice la teoría, ahora viene la práctica. En la práctica yo te diría que la frase expresada en subjuntivo me suena mejor, por el carácter de probabilidad e inseguridad que aporta el que habla, haciendo que lo expresado sea una opinión subjetiva. Pero si usas el presente o el futuro de indicativo como alternativas se te va a entender igualmente, aunque quizá causarás en el oyente la misma duda de &lt;em&gt;¿Eso está bien dicho?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, nótese que como afirman DGaleano &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27368/quiz%C3%A1-puede-vs-quiz%C3%A1-pueda-presente-indicativo-vs-presente-subjuntivo/27371?noredirect=1#comment46066_27371&quot;&gt;en comentarios&lt;/a&gt; y Ustanak en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27369/12637&quot;&gt;su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, puede haber diferencias regionales en su uso, aunque estas pueden ser sutiles y no afectan al entendimiento de la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T14:17:49.223" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T14:17:49.223" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27373" CreationDate="2018-09-12T13:47:42.370" Score="6" ViewCount="4613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a funny tweet saying...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Tus traducciones son demasiado literales.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Mente tu propio negocio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/adiplotti/status/1038786270711951360&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Andrés Diplotti, 9 Sept 2018&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those who, like me, do not get it immediately, the joke likes in the literal translation of &lt;em&gt;Mind your own business&lt;/em&gt; that the person in the dialogue is using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I started thinking: how can you say in Spanish the expression &lt;em&gt;Mind your own business&lt;/em&gt;? Is there any equivalent (not that much literal)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ocúpate de tus asuntos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it may sound rather harsh, I don't know if on the same level of the English one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T14:05:04.197" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T17:31:02.160" Title="How can you say &quot;Mind your own business&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27372" CreationDate="2018-09-12T14:01:18.033" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Ocúpese de sus asuntos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; sounds good to me. Yes, it sounds harsh but &amp;quot;mind your own business&amp;quot; is also harsh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preocúpese por lo suyo (y déjeme a mi con lo mio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No se meta en mis asuntos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zapatero a tus zapatos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia we have a few ways to say it. Some are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se meta en lo que no le importa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deje de ser metido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.co/books?id=AgLYDeAjFxkC&amp;amp;pg=PA98&amp;amp;lpg=PA98&amp;amp;dq=entrese%20que%20se%20moja&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=DHEDVZxflr&amp;amp;sig=H1-AC9iXrzcF2lHkJW3s39J8XNc&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwiGloW40LXdAhWMtVkKHdWmCdAQ6AEwB3oECAgQAQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=entrese%20que%20se%20moja&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Éntrese Miguelito/Jesusita &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Éntrese que se moja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metido-sopero. Deje de ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tubabel.com/definicion/14585&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sopero&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No busque lo que no se le perdió&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, the tone used will determined the harshness degree. All this expression are a bit rude but the tone could change them from funny to extremely disrespectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T14:46:14.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27372" CreationDate="2018-09-12T14:01:25.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Métete en tus propios asuntos. (Informal.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Métete en lo tuyo. (Offensive.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No hay que meterse en donde a uno no lo llaman. (Polite.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pastelero a tus pasteles. (Colloquial in Chile.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one level, many of these may be expressed with other words, so I wouldn't bank on these ones as being a unique way of saying them; on another level, we must bear in mind that, depending on the situation, these may sound rude to whom we are talking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T14:45:13.857" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T14:45:13.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27376" CreationDate="2018-09-12T14:29:30.553" Score="4" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver una pregunta en Stack Overflow en español que para mí suena horrible: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/q/195924/83&quot;&gt;Trato de &lt;strong&gt;embeber&lt;/strong&gt; XML en docxtemplater, pero no funciona&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MDxI3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MDxI3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin duda &lt;strong&gt;embeber&lt;/strong&gt; quiere ser la traducción de &lt;strong&gt;embed&lt;/strong&gt;. Para traducir &lt;strong&gt;to embed&lt;/strong&gt; utilizaría en este caso &lt;strong&gt;incrustar&lt;/strong&gt;. Mi pregunta: ¿Hay una mejor traducción para &lt;strong&gt;embed&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20089" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T21:34:06.873" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T21:34:06.873" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;embed&quot; en el contexto de software?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-09-13T19:36:34.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27375" CreationDate="2018-09-12T14:44:55.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es un uso aceptado de &lt;em&gt;embeber&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/embeber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;«&amp;quot;embebido&amp;quot;: participio de embeber, en la 5ª acepción: encajar, embutir o meter algo dentro de otra cosa.»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; (23.ª edición)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además, el más común que he visto en este contexto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho eso, hay multiples opciones para traducir la frase &amp;quot;embedded [software/systems]&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;embebido&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;empotrado&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insertado&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20100705072033/http://swiki.lifia.info.unlp.edu.ar/prospectiva/uploads/2/El_software_y_los_sistemas_embebidos_-Andres_Dmitruk.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El software y los sistemas embebidos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Universidad de la Plata.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T14:44:55.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-12T15:58:48.603" Score="4" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of Spanish linguistics, is there a difference in how the terms &lt;em&gt;reflexivos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pronominales&lt;/em&gt; are used to describe verbs/pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note 1:&lt;/strong&gt; question suggested in this Meta thread: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2999/is-there-a-difference-really-between-tagreflexivos-and-tagpronominales&quot;&gt;Is there a difference really between [tag:reflexivos] and [tag:pronominales]&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note 2:&lt;/strong&gt; In English-written study of the Romance languages, &lt;em&gt;pronominal/pronomial&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_verb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;generally used&lt;/a&gt; to describe a parent category of verbs of which &lt;em&gt;reflexive&lt;/em&gt; is one subtype:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;pronomial = &lt;strong&gt;{&lt;/strong&gt; [properly] reflexive, reciprocal, autocausative, anticausative, intransitive, inherent, ... &lt;strong&gt;}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;As you can see, to avoid ambiguity, the prefix 'properly' is sometimes added to 'reflexive' to make explicit that it is different from 'pronomial'.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T22:01:35.583" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T04:30:23.747" Title="Is there a difference between &quot;reflexivo&quot; and &quot;pronominal&quot;?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27377" CreationDate="2018-09-12T19:46:02.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes and you might be missing the &quot;reciproco&quot; verbs, which fall into the same categories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pronominal: when the verb is joined to the subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;examples: comprome, rompeme, hazme, comprarse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;under this category you will find the three types :  &quot;reciproco&quot;, &quot;Reflexivo&quot; and &quot;exclusivamente pronominal&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reciprocos - an action performed by more than one subject on themselves:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;example of Recíproco simple:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jose y Carlos se abrazaron&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;examples of pronominal Reciproco:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jose y carlos &quot;abrazáronse&quot;      &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexivos, the action is performed by the subject on him/herself&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example of Reflexivo Simple:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;me lavo las manos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;example of Pronominal Reflexivo :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;yo lávome las manos&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exclusivo prenominal - the subject is tied to the noun&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;example of Exclusivamente pronominal:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;el cajon va a romperse&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-12T04:30:23.747" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T04:30:23.747" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27372" CreationDate="2018-09-12T19:57:27.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú a lo tuyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted a lo suyo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the formality. There's also one idiom which is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nadie te ha dado vela en este entierro / Nadie le ha dado vela en este entierro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T19:57:27.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27392" CreationDate="2018-09-13T03:42:40.187" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone that knows Mexican Spanish can transcribe what they say in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQBjn0WGVRY&amp;amp;t=17m53s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this video&lt;/a&gt; from the minute 17m53s to 18m03s?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I can understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapulin: ____ el principio del romance &lt;em&gt;(es lo que puedo entender, no sé si está correcto, quiero saber si alguien lo entiende)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perico: ¡Las dos cosas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapulin: Las dos cosas, las dos cosas, es lo unico que sabes decir o me estás _____ &lt;em&gt;(no conozco la palabra &quot;hacillando&quot;, no sé si es correcta y no encuentro un sentido para ella apenas buscando)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perico: ¡Las dos cosas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20135" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T19:43:45.957" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T19:43:45.957" Title="Transcripción de este video de Chapulín Colorado" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27381" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-13T13:37:05.207" Score="3" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about Impersonal &quot;Se&quot; vs. Passive &quot;Se&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already known that sometimes it is not necessary to distinguish&#xA;but when I saw this sentence below, I started having some doubts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EL PASADO MARTES SE INAUGURÓ LA NUEVA AUTOPISTA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it is &quot;passive se&quot; but is it possible to interpret &quot;impersonal se&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20137" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T14:43:37.403" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T13:35:01.303" Title="Impersonal &quot;Se&quot; vs. Passive &quot;Se&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;oraciones-pasivas-reflejas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27372" CreationDate="2018-09-13T13:52:40.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[...]  it may sound rather harsh, I don't know if on the same level of the English one.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for something that sounds harsh, I would propose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y a ti qué te importa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no te metas donde no te llaman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for something more polite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no es de tu/su incumbencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No te/le incumbe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is basically a different way of saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso no es asunto tuyo/suyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por favor, no se meta en asuntos ajenos/ no te metas en asuntos ajenos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ocúpese de sus propios asuntos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T13:52:40.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21732" CreationDate="2018-09-13T13:54:42.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwDfjJ6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simultanear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. Realizar en el mismo espacio de tiempo dos operaciones o propósitos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;junto con &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwEPyXV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;simultaneidad&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Cualidad de simultáneo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwH9oMz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;simultáneo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que se hace u ocurre al mismo tiempo que otra.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XwATqV7&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;simultánemente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adv. De manera simultánea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son opciones correctas (verbo, sustantivo, adjetivo y adverbio) para lo preguntado por OP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20138" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T13:54:42.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-13T14:04:22.497" Score="5" ViewCount="478" Body="&lt;p&gt;English learners of Spanish sometimes say&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &quot;tranquílate&quot; in place of the more usual &quot;tranquilízate&quot;, presumably due to the influence of the adjective &lt;em&gt;tranquila/o&lt;/em&gt; and/or the English cognate &lt;em&gt;tranquil&lt;/em&gt; (as opposed to the false friend &lt;em&gt;tranquilize&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was under the impression that &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=tranquilar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tranquilar(se)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; was a long outdated word among native speakers in this context&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, but it pops up a few times in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=tranqu%C3%ADlese+OR+tranqu%C3%ADlate+OR+tranquilarse+OR+tranquilarte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams&lt;/a&gt; in the past few decades. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tranquílese&lt;/strong&gt;, siéntese ¿Un café? &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RkRJ77zp6ToC&amp;amp;pg=PA156&amp;amp;dq=tranqu%C3%ADlese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Justo Vasco, 1992&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Siéntese usted y &lt;strong&gt;tranquílese&lt;/strong&gt;, Guadalupe.  &lt;code&gt;Arturo Pérez-Reverte, 1993&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tranquílese&lt;/strong&gt; directora, yo soy muy creyente y todo esto... &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KOrJ8Xc8pQoC&amp;amp;pg=SL3-PA129&amp;amp;dq=tranqu%C3%ADlese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Antonio Zurita, 2012&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming these aren't printing errors or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiolect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idiolectal&lt;/a&gt; quirks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is &lt;em&gt;tranquilar(se)&lt;/em&gt; still used with the meaning of &lt;em&gt;tranquilizar(se)&lt;/em&gt; in any Spanish dialects?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;e.g. «Bayani puts a hand on his shoulder. “Tranquílate, hermano. The men are all ready to march.&quot;» &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zTr2BQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT779&amp;amp;dq=tranqu%C3%ADlate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;John Sayles, 2011&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;e.g. here it is used to imitate an archaic style of speech:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;«Tranquílate, mi amigo, tened buena creencia, cerca están grandes gozos de la vuestra querencia.» &lt;code&gt;Héctor Azar, 1955&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T16:23:03.633" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T16:23:03.633" Title="Is &quot;tranquilar(se)&quot; still used to mean &quot;tranquilizar(se)&quot; in any Spanish dialects?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-13T14:39:52.657" Score="4" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a grammar question about a sentence below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica &lt;strong&gt;a la&lt;/strong&gt; que vi ayer se llama Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my point of view, we should use &quot;la que&quot; in this sentence and I think that it is grammatically correct. If it is not, please let me know why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also if I say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer se llama Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20137" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T21:50:51.113" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T06:05:43.950" Title="Is it correct to use 'la que' in 'La chica a *la que* vi ayer se llama Ana'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27385" CreationDate="2018-09-13T15:02:58.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are perfectly fine. The trick is that the &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; verb has &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=baOo6Gz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a lot of meanings&lt;/a&gt;, and depending on the sentence its meaning can be different. If you just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica que vi ayer se llama Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I would say that you just &lt;em&gt;saw&lt;/em&gt; the girl as you were walking down the street of whatever. Another interpretation could be that you are a doctor and the girl came to you so that you could check her. But if you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica a la que vi ayer se llama Ana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt; verb could be interpreted as &lt;em&gt;meet&lt;/em&gt;: you saw the girl because you had an appointment to go see her. But this is indeed quite prone to interpretations and the final meaning of the sentences will depend on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T15:02:58.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27390" CreationDate="2018-09-13T16:27:06.223" Score="7" ViewCount="776" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; iPad es &lt;strong&gt;una&lt;/strong&gt; tablet, ¿Por qué se usan artículos &lt;strong&gt;masculinos&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a él?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suena muy raro si digo &lt;strong&gt;una iPad&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;la iPad&lt;/strong&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si es sólo en Colombia donde se dice así y si en otros lugares es diferente, pero me surgió la duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1539" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T19:37:36.027" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T19:37:36.027" Title="¿Por qué se dice El iPad/un iPad?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27391" CreationDate="2018-09-13T16:53:54.227" Score="4" ViewCount="390" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es muy común tener, en diversos sitios web, una URL de descarga, acompañada de otras URL llamadas &quot;mirror&quot; donde se ha replicado el contenido haciéndolo disponible desde varias URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Espejos&quot; no me parece una traducción adecuada. ¿Cuál recomendarían ustedes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13348" LastEditorUserId="13348" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T17:45:31.927" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T17:45:31.927" Title="¿Cómo traducir la palabra &quot;mirror&quot; del inglés en el contexto de ser una URL donde se ha replicado cierto contenido?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27388" CreationDate="2018-09-13T17:10:07.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la mejor opción es &quot;réplica&quot;, y como verbo, &quot;replicar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13348" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T17:10:07.177" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27387" CreationDate="2018-09-13T17:13:24.703" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El usar un artículo u otro depende de cómo vayas a pronunciar iPad, que es un nombre en inglés (como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2986/5481&quot;&gt;extranjerismo o barbarismo&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cnet.com/es/noticias/el-ipad-la-xbox-el-app-como-se-dice-en-espanol/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; podemos leer sobre la discusión de si es &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; iPad o &amp;quot;la&amp;quot; iPad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe ser masculino, porque la-iPad (si deletreamos el sonido de la &amp;quot;i&amp;quot; como suena en inglés &amp;quot;ay&amp;quot;) se convertiría en una &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; tónica, creando una cacofonía o, en otras palabras, una frase que suena mal (como decir &amp;quot;la agua&amp;quot;, pues). Optamos, entonces, por decirle &amp;quot;el&amp;quot; iPad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, poco importa que sea una tablet o tableta (femenino) o incluso que iPad fuese un nombre femenino. La pronunciación llevará a evitar la cacofonía con un artículo masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/el-ipad-o-la-ipad/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundeu ¿el ipad o la ipad?&lt;/a&gt;, también explican que a pesar de que el género de una &lt;em&gt;tableta&lt;/em&gt; es femenino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[y aunque] gráficamente comienza por i, se lee /aipad/, y esa ai inicial de su pronunciación funciona como una a fuerte, una a tónica, que es la que recibe el acento de la palabra (como la a inicial de agua, y no como la de amigo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, los sustantivos que comienzan por a tónica llevan, para evitar la cacofonía, el artículo en masculino, con independencia de que ellos sean masculinos o femeninos. Así, decimos el agua, el área o el aula, aunque el resto de sus complementos vayan en femenino: &lt;em&gt;el agua clara, el área designada, el aula establecida&lt;/em&gt;. Por tanto, aunque creamos que ipad es un sustantivo femenino, lo adecuado es decir el ipad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí añaden que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;este cambio en el género del artículo tiene una motivación fonética. Por tanto, allí donde la cacofonía no se dé, no es necesario efectuarlo. Si nuestra pronunciación de la palabra ipad no recoge esa ai inicial inglesa, sino simplemente una i, no hay, en principio, ningún motivo para decir el ipad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado que, a pesar de la lógica aplastante de estas entradas, no veo a nadie diciendo &amp;quot;el iPad blanca&amp;quot;, pero aparentemente es como debería ser de acuerdo a las reglas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T17:29:00.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27388" CreationDate="2018-09-13T17:34:46.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espejo_(Internet)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, valdría &quot;espejo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En Internet, un &lt;em&gt;espejo&lt;/em&gt; (calco del inglés mirror) es un sitio web que contiene una réplica exacta de otro. Estas réplicas o &lt;strong&gt;espejos&lt;/strong&gt; se suelen crear para facilitar descargas grandes y facilitar el acceso a la información aún cuando haya fallos en el servicio del servidor principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uft-digital.wikidot.com/mirror-sitio-espejo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mirror (sitio espejo)&lt;/a&gt; en Glosario de términos para el periodismo en la era digital&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un sitio espejo es un sitio web que es una réplica de un sitio ya existente, utilizado para reducir el tráfico de red &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://glosarios.servidor-alicante.com/informatica-e-internet/mirror-site&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mirror site / Sitio espejo&lt;/a&gt; en Glosario Informática e Internet &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sitio web copiado a otro servidor con el propósito de facilitar el acceso a sus contenidos desde el lugar más cercano o más conveniente para el usuario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://laverdadnoticias.com/economia/En-Mexico-abundan-fraudes-con-paginas-espejo-en-Internet-20180507-0050.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En México, abundan fraudes con páginas ‘espejo’ en Internet&lt;/a&gt; (periódico La verdad)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A la fecha persisten y van en aumento los sitios de Internet que tratan de engañar a los cibernautas haciéndoles creer que harán negocios con empresas consolidadas, cuando en realidad se trata de páginas “espejo”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T17:34:46.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27380" CreationDate="2018-09-13T18:43:07.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chapulín: ¡Ay! ¡qué! ¡pues qué! ¿Es pleito o principio de romance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perico: Las dos cosas, las dos cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chapulín: &quot;Las dos cosas, las dos cosas&quot;, ¿Es lo único que sabes decir o me estás vacilando?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perico: Las dos cosas...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What people generally underestand when using those terms in México:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pleito: To get into an argument, row or fight. It can get physical or not but very heated anyway. In other contexts it can be used to describe different scenarios like a legal conflict, you may want to read &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TOyIWON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the RAE definition&lt;/a&gt; to expand on it for the other cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vacilando&lt;/em&gt; from the verb &quot;vacilar&quot;: It has many interpretations depending on the context, but in this case is certainly &lt;strong&gt;to tease someone&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20139" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-13T19:00:23.527" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T19:00:23.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27385" CreationDate="2018-09-13T20:44:59.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;La chica &lt;strong&gt;a la que&lt;/strong&gt;...&quot;  It sounds incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To become correct would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica &lt;strong&gt;que vi&lt;/strong&gt; ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La chica &lt;strong&gt;a la cual&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of a boy would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico &lt;strong&gt;que vi&lt;/strong&gt; ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico &lt;strong&gt;al que&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico &lt;strong&gt;al cual&lt;/strong&gt; vi ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20140" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T06:05:43.950" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T06:05:43.950" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27384" CreationDate="2018-09-14T00:40:24.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aHymAej&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tranquilar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; does exist in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish dictionary&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a native Spanish speaker, from Spain, and never heard of that word. I guess it must be a very old word that no one uses nowadays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, in Spain, we do use the word &lt;strong&gt;tranquilizar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;, as well as &lt;strong&gt;calmar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8403" LastEditorUserId="8403" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T16:08:55.537" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T16:08:55.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-14T02:27:24.740" Score="5" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read on this website that &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/12052/5481&quot;&gt;a fish is &lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt; depending on whether it has been caught from the waters by human&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the usage of the words is not dependent on whether the fish is alive or dead but rather on the intention of taking it out of the water. So, if a fish is taken out of the water by a person for the pet fish industry, what does that make the fish (which will be kept alive and transferred into an aquarium)? &lt;em&gt;Pez&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if the fish is killed and subjected to a taxidermy treatment for exhibition purposes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20144" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T13:00:25.730" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T13:00:25.730" Title="Is a fish caught for ornamental purposes &quot;pez&quot; or &quot;pescado&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27395" CreationDate="2018-09-14T06:15:42.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nice question. I would say that in both cases you should use &lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt;. In the case of fish caught for an aquarium it is clear for me that you should use &lt;em&gt;pez&lt;/em&gt;. In the case of a fish caught for taxidermy it may be unclear, so let's see what the dictionary says about &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmQNqI2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pescado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. piscātus.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Pez comestible sacado del agua por cualquiera de los procedimientos de pesca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt; is any &lt;strong&gt;edible&lt;/strong&gt; fish caught out the water. I think the trick is the purpose: if you have caught the fish to eat it, it is indeed &lt;em&gt;pescado&lt;/em&gt;. But if you caught it for taxidermy you're supposed to keep the fish as it were alive, and obviously not for eating it. In fact, a stuffed fish may not even be edible at all. So I would say &lt;em&gt;un pez disecado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, if you search &quot;pez disecado&quot; in Google Images you get results like this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4Cr7m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4Cr7m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pez disecado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you search for &quot;pescado disecado&quot; you get results that are closer to &quot;pescado puesto a secar&quot;, like this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jMX4um.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jMX4um.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Pescado disecado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T06:15:42.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-14T07:48:33.907" Score="1" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;Define la RAE la palabra &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt; de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZwMRuMo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tocayo, ya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Respecto de una persona, otra que tiene su mismo nombre.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, cualquier persona que se llame Carlos será mi tocayo. Sin embargo, echo en falta su etimología en la definición, lo que indica que se desconoce. Sin embargo, ¿hay algún estudio hecho o posibilidad planteada acerca de su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T07:48:33.907" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;tocayo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27397" CreationDate="2018-09-14T07:48:33.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comencemos por el diccionario etimológico de Corominas. En este se propone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TOCAYO&lt;/strong&gt;, 1739. Origen incierto. Probablemente empezarían llamándose &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tocaya&lt;/em&gt; las parejas que llevaban un mismo nombre, por alusión a la frase ritual del Derecho romano &lt;em&gt;Ubi tu Cajus, ibi ego Caia&lt;/em&gt; (donde tú seas llamado &lt;em&gt;Cayo&lt;/em&gt;, a mí me llamarán &lt;em&gt;Caya&lt;/em&gt;), que la esposa dirigía al novio al llegar a su casa la comitiva nupcial; empleada esta alusión por estudiantes que trataban de iniciar un galanteo con chicas del mismo nombre, el pueblo, sin entender la alusión, se apropiaría el vocablo, con aplicación generalizada. Como la documentación más antigua procede de España, no es probable que venga del náhuatl, donde, por lo demás, no hay palabra exactamente comparable, pues &lt;em&gt;tocaytl&lt;/em&gt; sólo significa 'nombre'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las etimologías del náhuatl se pueden encontrar en el &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE. Por ejemplo, esta que referencia un texto de 1944 (anterior a Corominas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TOCAYO, YA. m. y f. Amér. Respecto de una persona, 'otra que tiene su mismo nombre'. (En Ac. sin indicación de origen). Proviene del náhuatl &lt;em&gt;tocayotl&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;tocaitl&lt;/em&gt; 'nombre, tocayo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se encuentra otra de 1973 con la misma etimología.  Pero al parecer esta etimología es antigua, puesto que en 1804 ya se afirmaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así, por exemplo, las palabras &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;petate&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;xícara&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cacao&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chocolate&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tomate&lt;/em&gt; provienen de las mexicanas &lt;em&gt;tocatl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;petatl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ssicali&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cacahuatl&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;chocolatl&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ssitomatl&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra ficha de 1942 profundiza en esta etimología, afirmado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así &quot;nacatl&quot;, hace &quot;nacaya&quot;, y &quot;tocaitl&quot;, hace TOCAYO. Inemdiatamente pensamos, que si &quot;nacayo&quot; era la propia carne vista por Quetzalcóatl en el espejo, &quot;tocayo&quot; debe ser el propio nombre usado por otra persona. El empleo de la desinencia &quot;yo&quot;, sería expresar igualdad objetiva con el sujeto significado en el vocablo al cual se agregaba. Esto podemos entenderlo mejor si consideramos que la partícula &quot;yo&quot;, manifiesta una forma pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Argumenta la ficha que esa partícula &quot;yo&quot; actuaría a modo de pronombre reflexivo, por lo que de &lt;em&gt;tocaitl&lt;/em&gt; 'nombre' se pasaría a &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt; 'mi nombre' o 'nuestro nombre'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de sus primeros usos, no encuentro casos claros ni en el CORDE ni en la hemeroteca de la BNE antes de 1800. Sin embargo, Corominas data su primer uso en 1739.  Precisamente el año en el que aparece registrada en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TOCAYO, YA. adj. Lo mismo que Colombroño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ponHxo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colombroño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; está registrado en el DLE como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero curiosamente, hay un diccionario anterior que también la recoge: el Stevens de 1706, que registra &lt;em&gt;tocáyo&lt;/em&gt; y la traduce al inglés como &lt;em&gt;namesake&lt;/em&gt;, la cual suele ser su traducción más común y aproximada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, sus primeros registros no son demasiado antiguos, por lo que la posibilidad de que provenga del náhuatl no debería descartarse muy a la ligera. Y menos teniendo en cuenta que muchas fichas la recogen como un americanismo. Pero no se vayan todavía, que aún hay más. Leo en un par de fichas de 1894 la siguiente posibilidad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Toca, tocayo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;colombroño&quot; y también &quot;camarada&quot;. En ambas acepciones se deriva del idioma quiché la voz &lt;em&gt;toca&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;tocayo&lt;/em&gt;: como sinónimo de colombroño se compone de estas dos raíces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;ayudar, auxiliar, servir&quot;, y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ca&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;cay&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;dos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por tanto &lt;em&gt;to+ca&lt;/em&gt; ó &lt;em&gt;to+cay&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;sirve á dos&quot;, es decir &quot;nombre común a dos personas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ahora mismo la guerra parece que está entre los defensores de la etimología latina, como Corominas y también Moliner, y los defensores de la etimología del náhuatl, como se lee en el siguiente texto, que mucho antes del diccionario etimológico de Corominas ya calificaba su etimología como &quot;fantástica&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Entre las etimologías más fantásticas está la de tocayo, referente a aquellas palabras matrimoniales en el derecho romano: Ubi tu Caius, ibi ego Caia; el libro a que nos referimos antepone naturalmente a esta fantasía los orígenes propuestos por Monlau y Vicuña Mackenna.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marco Fidel Suárez, &quot;Sueños de Luciano Pulgar, III&quot;, 1923 (Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T07:48:33.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-14T11:23:52.387" Score="3" ViewCount="3775" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6YMKxqN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cachondo, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. catŭlus 'cachorro'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. vulg. Dicho de una perra: salida (‖ en celo).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. vulg. Dicho de una persona: Dominada por el apetito sexual. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. vulg. Que denota apetito sexual.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Burlón, divertido, bromista. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. Calzas acuchilladas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día en una conversación un poco extraña con un amigo llegamos a la duda de qué fue antes, ¿el sentido sexual o el sentido burlón de la palabra cachondo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no me quiero quedar ahi, por lo tanto la pregunta se divide en varias partes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué significado es anterior?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Hay alguna relación entre los significados?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo pasó a tener el significado mas nuevo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que normalmente tener varias preguntas en una no es recomendable, pero creo que guardan suficiente relación como para mantenerlas juntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T12:03:23.710" LastActivityDate="2019-06-16T23:30:34.133" Title="Origen de los significados de &quot;cachondo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27399" CreationDate="2018-09-14T11:45:59.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El significado &amp;quot;Dicho de una persona: Dominada por el apetito sexual. U. t. c. s.&amp;quot; viene claramente del primer significación de &amp;quot;Dicho de una perra: salida (‖ en celo)&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su primer aparición en un diccionario es aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cachonda&lt;/strong&gt; perra que ſe para. &lt;em&gt;catuliens.tis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Cachonda&lt;/strong&gt; estar la perra. &lt;em&gt;catulio.is.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1495 NEBRIJA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no es hasta el siglo XIX que se reconoce la otra definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CACHONDEARSE,&lt;/strong&gt; v. r. Encenderse el apetito de lujuria. &lt;strong&gt;Metafóricamente en Andalucía y otras partes se toma por burlarse.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CACHONDO, DA.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Se aplica al animal persona que tiene calentura venérea. Tam-bien se dice del sobradamente caloroso, y &lt;strong&gt;en Andalucía y otras partes familiarmente al que es muy burlen.&lt;/strong&gt; La Academia dice que es adjetivo que se aplica á la perra salida, y usado en plural y como sustantivo femenino antiguamente, eran las calzas acuchilladas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1852 CASTRO Y ROSSI (A-COSTRA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T11:45:59.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27381" CreationDate="2018-09-14T13:35:01.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the tests that you can use in this case is to observe the verb and see if it can be pluralized together with the subject. In a &quot;passive &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&quot; sentence you can do it; in an impersonal sentence it's impossible (i.e. it produces an ungrammatical sentence). &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The verb in impersonal sentences is always in the third person singular&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead of a new highway you were referring to new houses, for example, you would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El martes pasado se inauguraron las nuevas casas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence has the same structure as your example, only the verb is in the plural to agree with the new subject. Since it's a correct grammatical sentence, then it must be a passive, and so must also your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T13:35:01.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-14T14:32:59.870" Score="2" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask you, in the case of reflective verb, for example &quot;acostumbrarse&quot;, it is not correct to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me estoy acostumbrado a estudiar hasta muy tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct thing is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estoy acostumbrado a estudiar hasta muy tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it because the structure &quot;estar+ participio pasado&quot; like the passive voice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why it is not necessary to add &quot;reflective Se&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20137" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-14T15:20:17.457" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T16:08:02.257" Title="estoy acostumbrado / me estoy acostumbrado" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27356" CreationDate="2018-09-14T15:21:35.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, se le conoce como &lt;em&gt;spork&lt;/em&gt; y corresponde a la categoría de las &lt;em&gt;portmanteau words&lt;/em&gt; cuya fusión viene de &lt;em&gt;spoon&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;fork&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, esta palabra carece de un equivalente en español —o podemos tomar en cuenta que ya se había comentado como &lt;em&gt;cuchador&lt;/em&gt;; la definición &lt;em&gt;a tool shaped like a spoon at one end and a fork at the other, used for eating food&lt;/em&gt; solamente la deja para las comidas, pero no hace ninguna alusión si es que tienen algún fin particular a la hora de elegir qué tipo de comida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T15:21:35.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27402" CreationDate="2018-09-14T16:08:02.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are (understandably) mixing up two related structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar acostumbrado (a)&lt;/em&gt; is a regular &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + adjective predicate that can take an object (introduced by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;). It means &quot;to be used (to)&quot;. Of course &lt;em&gt;acostumbrado&lt;/em&gt; is the passive participle of &lt;em&gt;acostumbrar&lt;/em&gt;, but it functions as an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acostumbrarse (a)&lt;/em&gt; is a pronominal verb, that is, a verb that takes a reflexive pronoun (and that is customarily cited with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;) even though it's not really or strictly reflexive. It means &quot;to get used (to)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference, as you see, is of state vs. process. The state is expressed using &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; plus an adjective, while the process is expressed by a verb (in this case a pronominal verb).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to show an ongoing process of getting used to something, you use the Spanish equivalent of the English present continuous, i.e. &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; plus the gerund of the main verb, which being pronominal will carry its reflexive pronoun with it: &lt;em&gt;estar acostumbrándose (a)&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to be getting used (to)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estoy acostumbrado.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm used (to it).&quot; (present, state)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me acostumbré.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I got used (to it).&quot; (preterite, past process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me estoy acostumbrando&lt;/em&gt; ~ &lt;em&gt;Estoy acostumbrándome.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm getting used (to it).&quot; (present, ongoing process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how in the last sentence the reflexive pronoun can go before the auxiliary or attached to the end of the gerund.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T16:08:02.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27406" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-15T15:24:09.617" Score="6" ViewCount="3027" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why in the below sentence does it use &quot;de la&quot; instead of &quot;con la&quot;? Is there rule when to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me han dicho que estás enamorado &lt;strong&gt;de la&lt;/strong&gt; nueva secretaria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They told me that you're in love &lt;strong&gt;with the&lt;/strong&gt; new secretary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-15T18:46:41.973" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T14:40:57.560" Title="Why &quot;de&quot; is used instead of &quot;con&quot; when saying that 'you're in love with someone'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27406" CreationDate="2018-09-15T17:02:52.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is in the verb, &quot;enamorado&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;the feeling is yours&lt;/strong&gt;, not hers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;de&quot; the action is &lt;strong&gt;from you to her&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Me han dicho que estas enamorado de la nueva secretaria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- They told me that you are in love (and the reason is her). The new secretary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The action &quot;enamorado&quot; comes from you and is directed to her&#xA;The sentence doesn't say if she is in love too&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say &quot;con&quot; the action &lt;strong&gt;includes both&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - Me han dicho que estas enamorado con la nueva secretaria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - They told me that you are in love... (but is she in love too?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is ambiguous, because in the first part, you say that you are in love, but in the second part you are saying she is with you in the same feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20156" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-15T18:46:08.493" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T18:46:08.493" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27406" CreationDate="2018-09-15T17:19:55.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike English, prepositions in Spanish do not work in the same way; sometimes they match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We always collocate &lt;em&gt;enamorado de alguien&lt;/em&gt;, but we do not say, &lt;em&gt;enamorado con alguien&lt;/em&gt;, which sounds horrible to my ears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T17:19:55.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27406" CreationDate="2018-09-15T21:54:00.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll ask you the same question: Why does English use &quot;with&quot; instead of &quot;of&quot;? This shows that it is not a good idea to try to &quot;fit&quot; the Spanish language into the English rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just the &quot;collocation&quot;. There are some structures that are just like that. For example, why do you say &quot;depend on&quot;, and not &quot;depend of&quot;? or &quot;depend in&quot;? It's just teh collocation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you should highlight &lt;strong&gt;enamorarse de&lt;/strong&gt;, and not &lt;strong&gt;de la&lt;/strong&gt;, because the important part is the structure verb+preposition. There are just some verbs which &lt;strong&gt;need&lt;/strong&gt; that proposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enamorarse DE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soñar CON&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensar EN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, that's how it works. I know this is not very satisfying, but the most I can say is: &quot;try to find a mnemonic device&quot;. It completely lacks of rigour, but it might help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, let's try to embellish this a little bit. RAE defines &lt;strong&gt;enamorar(se)&lt;/strong&gt; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Prendarse de amor de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;strong&gt;prendarse&lt;/strong&gt; means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Ganar la voluntad y agrado de alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now you might recognise that &quot;of&quot; can be suitable here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T21:54:00.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19033" CreationDate="2018-09-15T22:32:41.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a difference of emphasis, the first one is from the textbook but possibly robotic whereas the second one has a bit more emphasis on it and more character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tienes ganas de verlo? - Do you want to see it/him?  (Straight, no nonsense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es que tienes ganas de verlo? - Is it really that you want to see it/him?  (Is that what it is?  Is that what is happening?  Could it be?  Tell me more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18441" LastActivityDate="2018-09-15T22:32:41.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27406" CreationDate="2018-09-16T14:18:36.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is true that prepositions don't always match one-to-one between languages. But the problem here is not the preposition, but the translation of &lt;em&gt;enamorado&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you translate it with the much more literal &lt;em&gt;enamoured&lt;/em&gt;, you see that the preposition used is really the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy enamorado de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm enamoured of her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we see here is just that the two languages express the same sentiment in slightly different ways and literal translations are often not the most idiomatic. (cf. &lt;em&gt;i'm hungry&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;tengo hambre&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20162" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T14:40:57.560" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27399" CreationDate="2018-09-16T18:07:54.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) De un blog intitulado: &lt;strong&gt;Andalú, fititú&lt;/strong&gt;  ..&lt;strong&gt;yo no elegí nacer en Andalucía, simplemente tuve suerte!!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;cachondeo.  Dicen los habitantes de Zahara de los Atunes (Barbate,&#xA;  Cádiz) que la palabra cachondeo proviene de ese lugar. Concretamente&#xA;  del río Cachón, que desemboca en la localidad y en cuyas riberas los&#xA;  almadraberos organizaban sus fiestas tras haber tenido una buena&#xA;  pesca. Con los asaltos de los piratas berberiscos, era un sitio&#xA;  peligroso donde vivir, de trabajo duro, donde prácticamente solo iban&#xA;  los que estaban un tanto desesperados, incluso redimían pena de cárcel&#xA;  por estar en las pesquerías. Aquel ambiente, se prestaba al juego de&#xA;  azar, a mas de una pelea y también, cuando había dinero, a orgías de&#xA;  alcohol y bromas. Así, ese tipo de organización festiva y desmadrada&#xA;  recibió el nombre de cachondeo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Otra explicación:&lt;p&gt; &#xA;¿&lt;strong&gt;De dónde surge el término ‘cachondeo’?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;ALFRED LÓPEZ&lt;/strong&gt; 10 DE MARZO DE 2017&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Por una parte nos encontramos con quienes defienden que el origen del término ‘cachondeo’ proviene de Cádiz, más concretamente de Zahara de los Atunes, una localidad bañada por el río Cachón y es precisamente éste el que dicen que dio pie a la palabra. Según cuentan los zahareños, en la rivera de este río era donde se juntaban los pescadores de atún (conocidos como almadraberos) y organizaban sus fiestas y jolgorios tras la jornada de trabajo.&quot; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Pero tal y como indico al inicio de esta curiosidad, hay quien no está de acuerdo con esta explicación [la del Río Cachón] señalando que la raíz etimológica del término cachondeo está en la palabra ‘&lt;strong&gt;cachorro&lt;/strong&gt;’. Y es por el &lt;strong&gt;ruido y alboroto que ocasionan las crías de perros&lt;/strong&gt; lo que le dio origen. Esta tesis fue defendida por el experto &lt;strong&gt;Joan Corominas&lt;/strong&gt; en su &lt;strong&gt;Breve Diccionario Etimológico de la Lengua Española&lt;/strong&gt;. Cabe destacar que &lt;strong&gt;el Diccionario de la RAE&lt;/strong&gt; en su entrada ‘cachondo’ señala el mismo origen etimológico aportado por Corominas.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://erandaluysuvocabulario.blogspot.com/2012/08/si-miramos-el-diccionario-el-espanol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace para 1)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-el-termino-cachondeo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enlace para 2)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión es &quot;Solo sé que no sé nada&quot; frente a éstos illustrísimos señores.  Y  mi propio esposo, un andaluz cien por cien, las utiliza, tanto &quot;cachondo&quot; como &quot;cachondeo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-06-16T23:30:34.133" LastActivityDate="2019-06-16T23:30:34.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27416" CreationDate="2018-09-17T13:04:10.427" Score="6" ViewCount="2462" Body="&lt;p&gt;In (British) English, marine &quot;turtles&quot; are distinguished from terrestrial &quot;tortoises&quot;.&lt;sup&gt;1 2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, both of these groups of reptiles come under the blanket term &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a8iZjLF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tortuga&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any analogous Spanish terms for &quot;tortoise&quot; and &quot;turtle&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar to how though &quot;owl&quot; describes both &lt;em&gt;búho&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;lechuza&lt;/em&gt; in English, there exist the more specific terms &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_owl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;true/typical owl&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barn-owl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;barn owl&quot;&lt;/a&gt; respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. In layman's terms, i.e. not scientific nomenclature.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. Sometimes freshwater/brackish water turtles are further distinguished as &quot;terrapins&quot;. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T20:18:01.137" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:06:26.210" Title="Are there Spanish equivalents for &quot;turtle&quot; and &quot;tortoise&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27415" CreationDate="2018-09-17T13:04:10.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;General terms&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Turtles, terrapins, and tortoises can be identified respectively by the Spanish terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;tortuga marina&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;tortuga de mar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Terrapin&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://reptiles.paradais-sphynx.com/informacion/diferencias-tortugas-marinas-dulceacuicolas-terrestres.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga dulceacuícola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acherpetologia.org/images/doc/Cartilla_tortus_manejo_decomisos.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga de agua dulce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Tortoise&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IindpzQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;galápago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1 2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;tortuga terrestre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Scientific terms&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veering into more zoological terminology, you also have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UmgDoHL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quelonio&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;chelonian&amp;quot; (i.e. any &lt;em&gt;tortuga&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EirG12d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emídido&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;terrapin&amp;quot; (any species of the family &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emydidae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Emydidae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; In Ecuador, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IindpzQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;galápago&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; refers specifically to the Galápagos giant tortoise, not terrapins.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_(desambiguaci%C3%B3n)#cite_note-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corominas&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;galápago&lt;/em&gt;'s ultimate etymology possibly comes from a pre-roman hispanic term for any shelled creature/thing, and that it is cognate with &lt;em&gt;calabazo&lt;/em&gt; (pumpkin) and &lt;em&gt;carapacho/caparazón&lt;/em&gt; (turtle shell).&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; The similarly named &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Eis2h2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;emidosaurio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; refers to a group of crocodilians (caimans). This similarity comes from its dubbing as a 'terrapin' lizard (for the ossofied scales on its back resembling a terrapin's shell).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; There is a surprising variety in the names one can give to a turtle's shell (carapace): &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IsJnmM6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garapacho&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7Qj21O2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carapacho&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7HsQd4w&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caparazón&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=B0D49Sg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carroncho&lt;/a&gt; (Hond.), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A81xUaG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;concha&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AoXZDhy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coraza&lt;/a&gt;, casco, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GTS0e0x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;espaldar&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SpzmeVn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peto&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TLusxvN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plastrón&lt;/a&gt; etc&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T16:57:05.200" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T16:57:05.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27418" CreationDate="2018-09-17T13:05:12.810" Score="2" ViewCount="1085" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un diccionario (mapuche) encontré una palabra que se define así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uno que se convida a sí mismo para una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VuWd0OF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remolienda&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna palabra en castellano, más o menos formal, para referirse a una persona así, además de la que pongo en la pregunta: &lt;strong&gt;autoinvitado&lt;/strong&gt;, que no sé si existe y que, además, es más general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T14:10:19.447" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T14:27:32.657" Title="¿Hay alguna palabra para un autoinvitado?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27417" CreationDate="2018-09-17T13:27:33.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usando el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/?q=invitado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dirae&lt;/a&gt; (diccionario inverso) me he encontrado con&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O5pt2bv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mamarón&lt;/a&gt; (de mamar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;España. poco usado&lt;/em&gt;: Hombre que procura participar de fiestas y agasajos sin estar invitado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y los verbos/acciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9jIhojp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coladera&lt;/a&gt; (de colar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. &lt;em&gt;Cuba y Uruguay&lt;/em&gt;. Acción de entrar sin ser invitado o sin pagar en una fiesta o espectáculo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque este último aplica un poco menos, ya que la definición implica &amp;quot;entrar si pagar&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;entrar sin estar invitado&amp;quot; y además define la acción, no al individuo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9kNRvTn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. Venezuela. Asistir a una reunión o fiesta sin haber sido invitado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que podríamos entender que quien hace la acción de la &lt;em&gt;coladera&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;em&gt;coleador&lt;/em&gt; (y no un &lt;em&gt;colador&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;colón&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos incluso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RpJ85Vi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paracaidista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. C. Rica, Ec., El Salv., Nic., R. Dom., Ur. y Ven. Persona que se presenta en un lugar sin haber sido invitada, o sin estar citada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que por símil a la acción de asaltar con paracaídas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que no hay un término &amp;quot;universal&amp;quot; o del español neutral. &amp;quot;Mamarón&amp;quot; es muy rebuscado y usado solo en España, y &amp;quot;coleador&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;paracaidista&amp;quot; no se van a entender por completo en cualquier contexto (especialmente el segundo, cuyos otros significados están mucho más expendidos que el coloquialismo de &amp;quot;persona que se presenta en un lugar sin haber sido invitada&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T13:35:48.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27417" CreationDate="2018-09-17T14:27:32.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ningún problema con &lt;em&gt;autoinvitado&lt;/em&gt;, incluso aunque no venga en la RAE, ya que se puede derivar de &lt;em&gt;invitado&lt;/em&gt; y el prefijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4Quv5F7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;auto-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; 'por uno mismo'. Como su significado se deduce sin problemas de dichos elementos compositivos, no es necesaria su inclusión en el diccionario, y suena bastante formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, a mí la palabra que se me ocurre es la siguiente, aunque su significado es ligeramente diferente (más genérico), y además es de uso coloquial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JMpIREK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gorrón&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De gorra.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que tiene por hábito comer, vivir, regalarse o divertirse a costa ajena. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que es de uso mayoritario en España, aunque parece que se conoce también en México, Costa Rica y otros países. Si no te sirve, siempre podemos recurrir a expresiones algo más complejas y coloridas, como &lt;em&gt;se invitó por la cara&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7NOG7x2#Eyezu8N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;por la cara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Dicho de aspirar a algo o de hacerlo: Con atrevimiento y sin cumplir los requisitos para ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T14:27:32.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4015" CreationDate="2018-09-17T14:51:02.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión sollado puede tener una connotación positiva o negativa depende del contexto.&#xA;Si estoy en un contexto de alegría y diversión estar sollado puede significar que estoy muy feliz y soy un derroche de alegría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si es en un contexto de enojo y frustración estar sollado puede significar que estoy muy enojado y no mido mis palabras y actos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe gente que utiliza esta expresión para significar &quot;el estar bajo los efectos de las drogas&quot; pero eso es dentro de un ámbito excepcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20167" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T14:51:02.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-18T01:06:52.800" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;These days, I have to translate some sentences of a TV Korean program to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of the sentence that I have to translate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Stop blaming yourself but just remember it for long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I translate to Spanish, would it be ok to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deja de culparte a ti mismo, pero recuérdalo por mucho tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you correct my sentence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20137" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-20T12:46:58.837" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T20:59:14.177" Title="Is this translation of &quot;Stop blaming yourself but just remember it for long&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;redacción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27424" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-18T05:24:27.800" Score="5" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about &quot;más/ el más, la más&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el país donde la más carne se consume de Europa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it is an incorrect phrase, the correct thing is -&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el país donde más carne se consume de Europa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I can not explain the reason why it is incorrect, grammatically. &#xA;It is because &quot;more&quot; only supports the verb &quot;consumir&quot;? or the subject phrase &quot;el consumir&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why isn't it necessary to put the article &quot;the&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20137" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-18T10:35:59.517" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T07:19:10.337" Title="Using &quot;the&quot; before &quot;más&quot; in superlative sentences" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27430" CreationDate="2018-09-18T08:07:49.507" Score="2" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an ordinary, local street eatery or coffeeshop, how can I order food if not using &quot;por favor&quot;? And how can I make a request? Polite, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; in a &lt;strong&gt;semi-casual way&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Puedes darme una cuchara?&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero un jugo de naranja&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other ways?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-18T14:27:21.173" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T08:06:55.330" Title="How to make an order in a coffeshop or a request in a semi-casual way?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2018-09-21T09:07:03.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-18T10:17:21.893" Score="4" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me han preguntado hace poco, en el ámbito de la consultoría informática, cuál sería la forma de traducir al español el término inglés &lt;em&gt;traceable&lt;/em&gt; aplicado a diseño de software. Mi respuesta automática fue &lt;em&gt;rastreable&lt;/em&gt;, pero al poco pensé que igual &lt;em&gt;trazable&lt;/em&gt; podría servir. Consultando el diccionario veo que &lt;em&gt;trazable&lt;/em&gt; es simplemente &quot;que se puede trazar&quot;. Y aquí empieza el juego. El verbo &lt;em&gt;trazar&lt;/em&gt; tiene la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aY9hlGc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trazar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. vulg. *tractiāre 'tirar una línea', der. del lat. tractus,&#xA;part. pas. de trahĕre 'traer hacia sí', 'tirar', 'arrastrar'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer trazos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Delinear o diseñar la traza que se ha de seguir en un edificio u otra obra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Discurrir y disponer los medios oportunos para el logro de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Describir, dibujar, exponer por medio del lenguaje los rasgos característicos de una persona o de un asunto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se me ocurre cuál de estas acepciones podría interpretarse como que algo se puede &lt;em&gt;rastrear&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;traza&lt;/em&gt; tiene la siguiente acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aY0DN51&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De trazar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Huella, vestigio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se podría considerar entonces que algo &lt;em&gt;trazable&lt;/em&gt; es algo de lo que puede seguir su traza (huella)? ¿Creéis que &lt;em&gt;trazable&lt;/em&gt; podría considerarse pues una traducción válida de &lt;em&gt;traceable&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Qué palabra se suele usar en el diseño software? ¿Se hablaría de mensajes o eventos rastreables, trazables, &lt;em&gt;traceables&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O se usa algún otro adjetivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T12:18:47.147" Title="¿Se podría considerar &quot;trazable&quot; una traducción correcta de &quot;traceable&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27424" CreationDate="2018-09-18T10:34:09.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; because it is only needed when &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; is followed by an adjective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El más grande, la más fuerte, los más rápidos, las más listas...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in order to use &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; you would have to rephrase your sentence like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De los países de Europa, ¿cuál es &lt;strong&gt;el más&lt;/strong&gt; carnívoro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt; is followed by &lt;em&gt;carnívoro&lt;/em&gt; (an adjective) you can use &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt;. According to the current Spanish Grammar, those are simple (type I) superlatives. But in your example you use a complex (type II) superlative. In this case, the sentences use more elaborated constructions, and the quantifier can be an adjective, an adverb or a noun, as in your case (&lt;em&gt;carne&lt;/em&gt;). The Spanish Grammar addresses the subject in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=beopjPklzbUPbkfS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paragraphs 45.13ñ et seq&lt;/a&gt;. It also shows the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a la cocina, es el sitio de la casa que tiene más luz a estas horas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T07:19:10.337" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T07:19:10.337" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27423" CreationDate="2018-09-18T11:12:44.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say it's mostly correct. However, in Spain's Spanish &quot;por mucho tiempo&quot; is not very frequent, although it probably is in Spanish speaking countries in America. In Spain, we'd most likely say &quot;recuérdalo mucho tiempo,&quot; &quot;recuérdalo siempre&quot; or, even, &quot;recuérdalo para siempre.&quot; Admittedly, the last two versions change the meaning a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastEditorUserId="20176" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T20:59:14.177" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T20:59:14.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27426" CreationDate="2018-09-18T11:24:25.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al menos en España, &quot;trazabilidad&quot; se emplea con frecuencia en el contexto de la industria alimentaria para referirse a la posibilidad de rastrear un alimento hasta su origen. Eso haría de &lt;em&gt;trazable&lt;/em&gt; una buena alternativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T11:24:25.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27425" CreationDate="2018-09-18T15:17:36.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's consider the ones you suggested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Puedes darme una cuchara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I probably would've said here is &lt;em&gt;traer&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;. (As I always say, verb usage hinges upon the region you are.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, the aforementioned sentence does not sound that polite, so I'd say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Podrías traeme una cuchara?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no need, in this case, to say &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; since &lt;em&gt;podría&lt;/em&gt; is already polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Quiero un jugo de naranja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;isn't polite, but it is not regarded as rude either; on another level, this works in contexts where you're directly speaking to a waiter/waitress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fix this, we can introduce the &lt;em&gt;subjuntivo de cortesía&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—&lt;strong&gt;Quisiera&lt;/strong&gt; un jugo de naranja. (Note that the form &lt;strong&gt;quisiese&lt;/strong&gt; is also possible, but unnatural for this construction.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, you don't need &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt; and the request is polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In light of these, I'll list other expressions so as to make polite requests not including &lt;em&gt;por favor&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Me traerías una cuchara?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿&lt;strong&gt;Te molesto / Te puedo molestar&lt;/strong&gt; con una cuchara?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Me podrías traer un jugo de naranja?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Me gustaría un jugo de naranja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These, I feel, will be of interest to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T08:06:55.330" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T08:06:55.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27426" CreationDate="2018-09-18T15:55:05.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estabas en lo correcto, &quot;traceable&quot; es &quot;rastreable&quot; y se usa en ese ámbito en la informática. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Trace&quot; raramente se usa como &quot;trazar&quot; en ingles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy de acuerdo con que se utilice &quot;trazable&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;traceable&quot;, principalmente por su ambigüedad de significado que puede caer en la misma confusión que &quot;Item&quot; e &quot;Item&quot; y deberían ser tratados como falsos amigos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T12:18:47.147" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T12:18:47.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27425" CreationDate="2018-09-18T17:53:21.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From where I'm from when you go to a store/cafe/bar and we don't know if they have something, the custom is asking: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿&lt;strong&gt;SI&lt;/strong&gt; me das/traes un/una café/cerveza/te/botella de agua? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Can you give/bring me a coffee/beer/tea/bottle of water?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;&lt;strong&gt;si&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; can be avoided but is used to prompt or asks for a confirmation of your request, it is also the &quot;courtesy&quot; part of the request and so the waiter/waitress would actually answer you &quot;si&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buuut, if is something that is already written in a menu we would say something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a querer ...&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Dame un ...&quot;     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't know if they have it on the menu you can go by: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Tienes/tendrás...?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this way you are actually doing to things :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking if it's possible to get something,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually asking for it if it's possible. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would ask like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Si me das una cuchara? (someone I know, at someone's house)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿Si me trae una cuchara? (someone I don't know at a restaurant)     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in case is something that is already on the menu it would be something like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voy a querer&quot; un jugo de naranja. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's not on the menu &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Tendrás jugo de naranja?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-09-18T18:57:22.343" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T18:57:22.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-18T19:17:23.217" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XC1aEei&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SANDIO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece escrita sin tilde en los diccionarios que se pueden consultar a través del NTTLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el CORDE muestra que durante unos 300 años coexistía la forma con tilde en la &lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt; - por ejemplo en el Fuero Juzgo (1250 - 1260):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... quál es el omne tan &lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt; que corte su cabeça con su mano ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o en el Fuero Real (1251 - 1260):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... alguno non fuere de edat, o fuere &lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt;, o en prisión, non pierda su heredat ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y otros ejemplos hasta mediados del siglo XVI, como en Rodríguez Florián, Juan (1554) (Comedia llamada Florinea, que tracta de los amores del buen duque Floriano con la linda y muy casta ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... a él tuviera por &lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt; en pasar tal como a ella tengo por cruel ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con la forma sin tilde, que es la que ha prevalecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna razón que explique que tras tanto tiempo de coexistencia se fijara la forma sin tilde y desapareciera la forma con tilde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T13:46:47.733" Title="¿Por qué nos quedamos con la forma &quot;sandio&quot; y no con &quot;sandío&quot;, tras siglos de coexistencia de ambas?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27434" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-18T19:21:41.610" Score="-1" ViewCount="504" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que en la escritura narrativa se deben evitar las locuciones verbales precisamente porque la &quot;locución&quot; no existe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo en los diálogos creo que se debería &quot;evitar&quot; evitarlas, precisamente porque las personas hablan con locuciones verbales y le dan veracidad y autenticidad a los diálogos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un caso muy específico es el de &quot;a lo mejor&quot;, que suele pronunciarse como una sola palabra como sinónimo de &quot;tal vez&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;alomejor / alamejor&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo que se trata de un diálogo y esta locución es difícil de interpretar cuando lees las tres palabras por separado. Creo que se debería escribir en una sola palabra para mantener la veracidad del diálogo y aunque por otro lado es una falta ortográfica, al hablar de diálogos tenemos que identificar algo claro &quot;la gente no habla como escribe&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿cuál es la manera correcta de abordar estos casos? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Poner la locución en negritas, evitarla, o simplemente escribirla sin ninguna anotación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T19:37:24.280" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T21:00:01.917" Title="¿Cómo escribir locuciones verbales en diálogos y literatura?" Tags="&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27433" CreationDate="2018-09-18T22:36:19.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you may be being misled by the transcription in CORDE's database. Accents were not generally used in Spanish until the 16th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In general, the accent mark was not employed in manuscripts in Spanish or Spanish books before 1550. It was only after the Italian and French models had been created that the widespread use of accent marks began to be practiced in Spanish. Between 1475 (the approximate date of the introduction of printing into Spain) and 1566, the use of accent marks was negligible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems likely that the editions of these works CORDE has scanned are from a later copy than the early handwritten manuscripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;1. Orthography: Coexistence of &lt;em&gt;sandío&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sandio&lt;/em&gt; given the common pronunciation &lt;code&gt;/san'dio/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish's history of accents prior to the 19th century is a long, complicated, and often contradictory affair. Limiting ourselves to discussion of &lt;em&gt;llana&lt;/em&gt; words ending &lt;em&gt;-io/-ío&lt;/em&gt;, the ambiguities with stress are thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the last syllable of a noun or a verb contained a non-Latin diphthong (the&#xA;  only Classical Latin diphthongs had been &lt;em&gt;oe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ae&lt;/em&gt;, and many new diphthongs had been created in Vulgar Latin and in Spanish itself), a new problem developed: what about a word like &lt;em&gt;diferencia&lt;/em&gt;, which by Classical Latin rules&#xA;  could be accented on the final &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;, because it constituted a separate syllable? Should it be spelled &lt;em&gt;diferéncia&lt;/em&gt; or should the modern language accept the notion of the diphthongs that had developed as early as Vulgar Latin times? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We note that in the  &lt;em&gt;&quot;Discurso proemial de la orthographia&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Discurso&lt;/em&gt;) of the first &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; (1726), &quot;the first statement on correctness of Spanish spelling by an official governing body&quot; they did not address this question at all:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is interesting to note that, even with all the fuss concerning long vowels, very basic questions were not addressed, such as the issue of how to show stress on words like &lt;em&gt;diferencia&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mengua&lt;/em&gt; as opposed to &lt;em&gt;vacío&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;evalúa&lt;/em&gt;... The authors of the &lt;em&gt;Discurso&lt;/em&gt; simply ignored the issue altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ambiguity can be seen in the frequent inconsistency among even the writers of the &lt;em&gt;Discurso&lt;/em&gt; itself in treatment of accents on such words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The treatment of paroxytones is quite chaotic. We find &lt;em&gt;calidades&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;calidádes&lt;/em&gt; on the very same page just a few lines apart. Not so close are &lt;em&gt;comúnes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;divisiones&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;solía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;dia&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;principáles&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;universales&lt;/em&gt;. In each of these pairs of words the identical pattern of vowels and consonants occurs with the identical pattern of accentuation; but half of them have accents and half of them do not. The words &lt;em&gt;orígen&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;léngua&lt;/em&gt; always have a written accent. &lt;strong&gt;Words ending in diphthongs &lt;em&gt;-io&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-ia&lt;/em&gt; usually carried an accent on the preceding stressed vowel, as in &lt;em&gt;necessários&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;princípio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;próprios&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;observáncia&lt;/em&gt;, but we also find &lt;em&gt;ignorancia&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;diferencia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, given all this, it is unsurprising that there is a mix of orthographies for &lt;em&gt;sandío/sandio&lt;/em&gt; in the CORDE's register:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4EQDG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4EQDG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, looking at the NTLLE, we see that even within dictionary headers, usage is inconsistent year on year (even within the same publishing bodies) until the second half of the 19th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio   1495 NEBRIJA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1611 COVARRUBIAS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt;    1611 ROSAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1617 MINSHEU&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1620 FRANCIOSINI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1670 MEZ DE BRAIDENBACH&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sándio&lt;/strong&gt;    1705 SOBRINO&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt;    1706 STEVENS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1721 BLUTEAU&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1739 ACADEMIA AUTORIDADES (S-Z)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sándio&lt;/strong&gt;    1780 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1783 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1803 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sandío&lt;/strong&gt;    1817 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sándio&lt;/strong&gt;    1822 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1825 NÚÑEZ DE TABOADA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1846 SALVÁ&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sándio&lt;/strong&gt;    1852 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1853 DOMÍNGUEZ&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sándio&lt;/strong&gt;    1855 GASPAR Y ROIG (G-Z)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1869 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;sandio    1992 ACADEMIA USUAL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. Pronunciation: &lt;code&gt;/san'dio/&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;/'sandjo/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This still leaves us with the question of, assuming it was originally pronounced &lt;code&gt;/san'dio/&lt;/code&gt;, how it came to be pronounced &lt;code&gt;/'sandjo/&lt;/code&gt; (and thus why the spelling &lt;em&gt;sandío&lt;/em&gt; fell out of use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the NTLLE search, it seems the &lt;code&gt;/'sandjo/&lt;/code&gt; pronunciation existed since at least the start of the 18th century (and possibly much earlier). Assuming this pronunciation was a later development, there is ample precedent for such a shift. Consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b). Diptongo (&lt;em&gt;Hiato&lt;/em&gt;), (62):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;carau (caraú), balaustre (balaústre), bronquiolo (bronquíolo), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;acedia (acedía), ademprio (ademprío), agrafia (agrafía), elefancia (elefancía),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;aeromancia (aeromancía), alectomancia (alectomancía), bibliomancia (bibliomancía), capnomancia (capnomancía), cartomancia (cartomancía), catoptromancia (catoptromancía), ceraunomancia (ceraunomancía), ceromancia (ceromancía), demonomancia (demonomancía), espatulomancia (espatulomancía), exoftalmia (exoftalmía), geomancia (geomancía), heteromancia (heteromancía), hidromancia (hidromancía), lecanomancia (lecanomancía), necromancia (necromancía), oniromancia (oniromancía), onomancia (onomancía), ornitomancia (ornitomancía), piromancia (piromancía), quiromancia (quiromancía),  uromancia (uromancía),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;oftalmia (oftalmía), xeroftalmia (xeroftalmía), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-plastia (-plastía (Amér)), hernioplastia (hernioplastía),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuadriplejia (cuadriplejía), hemiplejia (hemiplejía), paraplejia (paraplejía), tetraplejia (tetraplejía), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-scopia (-scopía (Amér)), endoscopia (endoscopía (Amér)), gastroscopia (gastroscopía (Amér)), microscopia (microscopía), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;olimpiada (olimpíada), paralimpiada (paralimpíada), parolimpiada (parolimpíada), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;amoniaco (amoníaco), armoniaco (armoníaco (desus)), austriaco (austríaco), bosniaco (bosníaco), cardiaca (cardíaca (Amér)), cordiaco (cordíaco (desus)) egipciaco (egipcíaco), isiaco (isíaco), lipemaniaco (lipemaníaco), monomaniaco (monomaníaco), olimpiaco (olimpíaco (desus)), peloponesiaco (peloponesíaco), simoniaco (simoníaco), siriaco (siríaco), zodiaco (zodíaco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/26337322/Cambios_de_acento_en_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cambios de acento en español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Alcoba Rueda (p.450-451)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/343313?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Written Accents in Spanish to 1726&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Douglass (1988)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ojs.ub.gu.se/ojs/index.php/modernasprak/article/download/1237/1935&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The evolution of the written accentuation system in Spanish&#xA;since 1726&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Coughlin, Morin (2013)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-19T13:46:47.733" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T13:46:47.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27433" CreationDate="2018-09-19T10:31:05.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El tema de la coexistencia de las formas con o sin tilde supongo que estará relacionado con las variaciones y &lt;em&gt;titubeos&lt;/em&gt; ortográficos que tuvo la lengua en el pasado (y en realidad sigue teniendo, con las reformas ortográficas periódicas que impone la RAE). Creo que el tema interesante es más bien por qué antes se &lt;strong&gt;pronunciaba&lt;/strong&gt; “san&lt;strong&gt;dí&lt;/strong&gt;o” y hoy “&lt;strong&gt;san&lt;/strong&gt;dio”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como apunta ukemi, originalmente no hubo coexistencia de ambas formas. La palabra se acentuó en la &lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt; desde el principio; en la literatura siempre se la hace rimar (o asonar) en la &lt;strong&gt;í&lt;/strong&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;río&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rocío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;judío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;quadrillos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;contigo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;castillo&lt;/em&gt;, etc.) y nunca en la &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacia principios del s. XVI la palabra ya estaba anticuada. Juan de Valdés escribe que “en Castilla no se usa agora” y Covarrubias la pone como “vocablo español antiguo, desusado”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero se seguía usando en los libros de caballería arcaizantes. Por eso Cervantes la pone muchas veces en boca de Don Quijote, aunque fuera tan artificial, ya en ese entonces, como decir &lt;em&gt;fermoso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desfazer entuertos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y fue por esta inclusión de Cervantes que la palabra volvió a divulgarse entre los cultos, aunque, cortado el hilo oral, lo hizo con la acentuación cambiada, por influencia de &lt;code&gt;zafio&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;necio&lt;/code&gt; y el antónimo de &lt;code&gt;sabio&lt;/code&gt;. En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/cervante/dqsb1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;original&lt;/a&gt;, ninguna palabra terminada en &lt;code&gt;ío&lt;/code&gt; (hiato) lleva tilde en la &lt;code&gt;í&lt;/code&gt;, ni ninguna terminada en &lt;code&gt;io&lt;/code&gt; (diptongo) lleva tilde en alguna sílaba anterior. Si uno no sabe de antemano cómo se pronuncian, hay que elegir al azar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Algo parecido le ocurrió a &lt;code&gt;maguer&lt;/code&gt;, que fue &lt;em&gt;rescatada&lt;/em&gt; por los &lt;em&gt;hipsters&lt;/em&gt; de fines del s. XVIII, pero mal, como &lt;code&gt;magüer&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: Corominas y Pascual. &lt;em&gt;Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T10:31:05.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27415" CreationDate="2018-09-19T14:18:48.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supplementary answer on regional terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Regional terms&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The confusion between the British, American and Australian usage of the words turtle/tortoise etc&lt;sup&gt;1 2 3&lt;/sup&gt; stems from the different fauna encountered in each region. Naturally in Spanish too certain dialects have their own words for different species and groups of species of &lt;em&gt;tortuga&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of the following terms, though specifically used for certain species, also serve in the dialects where they are used (via metonymy) as synonyms for any &lt;em&gt;tortuga&lt;/em&gt; or any sea-turtle/river-turtle/tortoise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Tortoises&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Image&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Galápagos tortoise&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gal%C3%A1pago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;galápago&lt;/a&gt; (Ec.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PAv4um.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PAv4um.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Red-footed tortoise / &lt;br&gt;Yellow-footed tortoise&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=morrocoy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morrocoy&lt;/a&gt; (Pa, PR, Co, Ve, Ec.)&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=morrocota&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morrocota&lt;/a&gt; (Co.)&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=morrocoyo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morrocoyo&lt;/a&gt; (Pa, Co:N)&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tequeteque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tequeteque&lt;/a&gt; (Ve.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uiQRom.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uiQRom.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Red-footed tortoise&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=peta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peta&lt;/a&gt; (Bo:E.)&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga de tierra&lt;/a&gt; (Bo:E.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mj5xtm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mj5xtm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Terrapins&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Image&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Terrapin&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/jarico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jarico&lt;/a&gt; (Cuba)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;South American Snapping turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga mordedora&lt;/a&gt; (Ec.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fXU7om.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fXU7om.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mata mata&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=jicotea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jicotea&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=hicotea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hicotea&lt;/a&gt; (Mx:SE, RD, PR, Co, Ve.) &lt;code&gt;Taino&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=icotea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;icotea&lt;/a&gt; (Ho, ES, Pa, RD, Co, Ve.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=matamata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matamata&lt;/a&gt; (Co, Ec, Pe:E.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pyoYvm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pyoYvm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;D'Orbigny's slider&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=morrocoy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morrocoy&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=morrocoyo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morrocoyo&lt;/a&gt; (Ur.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fs49im.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fs49im.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;South American River turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=charapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;charapa&lt;/a&gt; (Co, Ec, Pe) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gal%C3%A1paga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;galápaga&lt;/a&gt; (Co:E,S.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga arrau&lt;/a&gt; (Co, Ec.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga sabanera&lt;/a&gt; (Co)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h8YZBm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h8YZBm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Yellow-spotted river turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=capitari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capitari&lt;/a&gt; (Pe.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=terecay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;terecay&lt;/a&gt; (Co, Ve.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=taricaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;taricaya&lt;/a&gt; (Co, Ec, Pe.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tartaruga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tartaruga&lt;/a&gt; (Ec, Bo:E.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga de agua&lt;/a&gt; (Bo:E.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kyPsYm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kyPsYm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Sea turtles&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Image&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Hawksbill sea turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=carey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carey&lt;/a&gt; (Mx, Ho, Cu, RD, PR; f. Pa.) &lt;code&gt;Taino&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=caray&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caray&lt;/a&gt; (RD.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=peje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peje colorado&lt;/a&gt; (PR.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QAUt7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QAUt7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Loggerhead sea turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6cyP0bz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caguama&lt;/a&gt; (Mx, Ho, Ni, Cu, Co, Ve; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; PR, rur; &lt;em&gt;m.&lt;/em&gt; Pa.) &lt;code&gt;Caribe&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cahuama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cahuama&lt;/a&gt; (Mx.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[tortuga] camagua&lt;/a&gt; (Ho, Ni.) &lt;code&gt;náhuatl camahuac&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cabezona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cabezona&lt;/a&gt; (Ni.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iFc7U.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iFc7U.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Leatherback sea turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tora&lt;/a&gt; (Ho, Ni.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=la%C3%BAd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;laúd&lt;/a&gt; (Mx, Ho, Ni, Pa.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5EYLt0q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;baula&lt;/a&gt; (Ho, CR) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tinglado&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tinglado&lt;/a&gt; (Cu.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/82buY.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/82buY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Green sea turtle&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=jaco&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jaco&lt;/a&gt; (Cu.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tortuga&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tortuga verde&lt;/a&gt; (Ho, PR, Ec.) &lt;br&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=carey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;carey blanco&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=peje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;peje blanco&lt;/a&gt; (PR.)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cIYHO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cIYHO.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Articles/Vinke_etal_2008%5Bpart%5D.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;South American Tortoises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortoise#Terminology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortoise#Terminology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle#Turtle,_tortoise,_or_terrapin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle#Turtle,_tortoise,_or_terrapin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=U8AFxmc76rcC&amp;amp;q=tortoise#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=tortoise&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Greatest Show on Earth&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Dawkins (p.174)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Before going any further, I can't escape a tiresome point of terminology, and a regrettable vindication of George Bernard Shaw's observation that 'England and America are two countries divided by a common language'. In Britain, turtles live in the sea, tortoises live on land and terrapins live in fresh or brackish water. In America all these animals are 'turtles, whether they live on land or in water. 'Land turtle' sounds odd to me, but not to an American, for whom tortoises are the subset of turtles that live on land. Some Americans use 'tortoise' in a strict taxonomic sense to refer to the Testudinidae, which is the scientific name for modern land tortoises. In Britain, we'd be inclined to call any land-dwelling chelonian a tortoise, whether it is a member of the Testudinidae or not (as we shall see, there are fossil 'tortoises' that lived on land but are not members of the Testudinidae). In what follows, I'll try to avoid confusion, making allowance for readers in Britain and America (and Australia, where the usage is different again), but it's hard. The terminology is a mess, to put it mildly. Zoologists use 'chelonians' for all these animals, turtles, tortoises and terrapins, whichever version of English we speak.&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;As you can see from this diagram (p.177), aquatic chelonians (&amp;quot;turtles&amp;quot;) is not monocladistic:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bCONr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bCONr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T17:06:26.210" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:06:26.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2018-09-19T21:47:34.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first reference to &lt;em&gt;Alipús&lt;/em&gt; I could find was from the 15th century, where it appears as a Catalan name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1462, diciembre 23 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al prior del convento de dominicos de Manresa, a &lt;strong&gt;Sanç Alipús&lt;/strong&gt;, Francesc Artús, Jaume Terré, Damiana, hija de Romeu de Gamicans, o a su procurador, Arnau Angles y Jaume...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Ats0hRLnpBUC&amp;amp;pg=PA27&amp;amp;dq=Alip%C3%BAs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Catálogo de la cancillería de Enrique IV de Castilla, señor del principado de Cataluña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, (Lugartenencia de Juan de Beaumont, 1462-1464)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Jaume Sobrequés i Callicó&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems possible the word derives from a person's surname.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earliest references to &lt;em&gt;alipús&lt;/em&gt; as a common noun are from the 19th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muy Sr. mio: Supongo á V. impaciente por ver llegar al poeta &lt;em&gt;Roca&lt;/em&gt; al puerto de salvacion: fuélo para él la botica de D, Vincente Cervantes, donde tomó un vaso de &lt;strong&gt;alipús&lt;/strong&gt;, abrazó á sus amigos, estrechó mas ahincadamente á su querido Beristain, á quien mostró la pena que le afligia sobre toda ponderacion, y era el temor de que lo capasen los insurgentes, pues ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Lj8TAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA3-PA1&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;alip%C3%BAs&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cuadro histórico de la revolucion de la América Mexicana, comenzada en ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1823)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Carlos María de Bustamante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aloja, &lt;strong&gt;alipus&lt;/strong&gt;, ó bebida para refrescar: Sahthe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=a-lAAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA101&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;alipus&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Catecismo y declaracion de la doctrina cristiana en lengua otomí&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1826)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Joaquín López Yepes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These aren't very elucidating as to its origin, but give us an idea of how long it has been in use.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later we see it referenced disparagingly as an apothecary's concoction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;COCIMIENTO BLANCO DE SYDENHAM&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... Y no se pudiera aducir como razon en pro de la conservacion de esta fórmula en nuestro Códico farmacéutico, las circunstancias de ser muy usado por una parte, y por otra ser de origen extranjero, pues si fuera admisible lo primero, habria que consignar fórmulas como la del &lt;strong&gt;alipus&lt;/strong&gt;, la del suero de caracoles con jarabe de berros, y otras mil, tan graciosas como aquella de la cual me ocupo, y que considero en el mismo rango : y para lo segundo, hay en contrario las razones aducidas por el Sr. Ibañez en sus &quot;Observaciones á la Nueva Farmacopea Mexicana,&quot; al referirse al plan de la obra...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Puebla, Julio de 1876&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5uNYAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA316&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;alipus&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El estudio, publicacion mensual de los trabajos leídos ante la Sociedad Médico-Farmacéutica de Puebla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Tomo 1 (1875)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As corroborated by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/10018/etymology-of-alip%C3%BAs#comment11817_10018&quot;&gt;Lucas' comment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xuravet.blogspot.com/2008/10/alips.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El alipús y el elíxir de garuz eran unas bebidas aromáticas que se vendían en las boticas como tónicos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2QDmAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=garuz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quince Uñas y Casanova Aventureros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1945)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Slightly later than this we see it used in a completely different context, as a spike like tool:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alipús.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;—Está representado en la figura 2&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, y sirve para abrir los chocolones en la roca para que entren los palos. Tiene un peso de 5 libras y se usan 8 onzas de acero en cada estremo para aguzarlas. Los hay que acaban en punta y otros á bisel.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HxeAX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HxeAX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pico.&lt;/em&gt;—El martillo que usan los ademadores y que recibe este nombre, es de la misma forma y dimensiones que el usado para el tumbe de minerales. Ademas de servir para golpear sobre el &lt;strong&gt;alipús&lt;/strong&gt; ó la cuña, lo usan para meter los palos que deben estar un poco forzados.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fBgxAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA70&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;alip%C3%BAs&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Memorias relativas a la esplotación de las minas en Guanajuato&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1866)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note, others have also been curious as to its origin with little success:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arcaísmo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;alipús&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;* Qué le parece, querido lector, si le ó invitamos un buen alipús? seguro sabe de que estamos hablando, ¿o no? LO Y es que alipús es uno de esos vocablos que nadie sabe de dónde salió y tampoco bay quien sepa si ya se fue, pues para algunos es un término muy común, para otros es un vocablo que sólo usaban sus abuelitos y, para otros más, fue, pues para algunos es un término muy común, para otros es un vocablo que sólo usaban sus abuelitos y, para otros más, ...&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ddMLAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;alip%C3%BAs&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Algarabía, Issues 28-30&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T21:47:34.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18778" CreationDate="2018-09-20T15:16:32.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi interpretación es que, cuando un banco cojea porque ha perdido una pata, cualquier cosa a mano (una piedra, una madera, un saliente de la pared, una pila de libros, etc.) puede servir para salir del paso, aunque a nadie se le escapa que no es la solución adecuada, ni va a ser (seguramente) duradera, ni es el arreglo que necesita el banco. Es decir, originalmente &quot;salida de pie/pata de banco&quot; signficaría &quot;respuesta improvisada&quot; (y, por tanto, ilógica, poco meditada)  pero con el tiempo devino en &quot;despropósito&quot; (igual que no era el propósito de esa cosa ─ahora pie/pata de banco─ servir de apoyo a un banco) y de ahí a &quot;absurdo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de la RAE de &quot;salida de pie de banco&quot;: «Reacción extemporánea y disparatada» creo que es simplemente una variante de la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20193" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T15:16:32.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27444" CreationDate="2018-09-20T18:37:57.167" Score="3" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it simply &quot;para aquí&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often get asked something when I'm making a payment, but I can't make out what it is they're asking me. I assume that that's related to &quot;for here or for taking away&quot;, but what that is precisely? And how can I ask that and respond to that in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T13:08:57.320" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T13:08:57.320" Title="How can I say that I want to have my food here when I'm in a cafe, not &quot;para llevar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27442" CreationDate="2018-09-20T18:50:56.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is impossible to know exactly what you are actually being asked. You &lt;code&gt;assume that that's related to &amp;quot;for here or for taking away&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; but you could be being asked if you want a printed receipt or something else with your order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es eso todo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiere algo más?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you are actually being asked if you want if &amp;quot;for here or to go&amp;quot; you would be hearing questions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo va a tomar aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo quiere para llevar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se lo pongo en una bolsa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To which you could simply reply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Es) para &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; aquí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;since one of the meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZzcN8W0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomar&lt;/a&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Comer o beber. Tomar un desayuno, el chocolate. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make sure that that is actually what they are asking, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta si lo quiero para llevar? No, es para tomar aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunta que si es para tomar aquí? No, lo quiero para llevar por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could say &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AT2BY5W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consumir&lt;/a&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Utilizar comestibles u otros bienes para satisfacer necesidades o deseos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it sounds much less pleasant (&amp;quot;to be consumed here&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;to have it here&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could additionally say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No lo necesito para llevar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And they will understand that you'll have your food/drink at the cafe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T20:32:15.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27442" CreationDate="2018-09-20T20:45:42.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer. It means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want this for here or to go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this is always said when you buy food in shops, but not shops like supermarkets, but shops where you can actually eat the food inside (if you want).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you've got two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Taking your food to a table and eat it there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having the food packed so that you can take it away to eat it later, wherever you want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the salesman is basically asking wether you are going to eat the food there or you want to take it away (having it packed, &amp;quot;to go&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies for drinks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usual sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿ (Es) para tomar aquí o para llevar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Is it) for here or to go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the salesman needs to know if (s)he has to pack it for you and put it in a bag, or just serve you  the food directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer is easy: it is in the very question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para tomar aquí = for here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para llevar = to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always add &amp;quot;por favor&amp;quot; at the end, that's more polite, but that's pretty much it. It's quite simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T20:45:42.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2806" CreationDate="2018-09-21T00:54:01.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy hondureño y tuani para nosotros significa chao, adios, bye  solo en honduras se inventó eso en el Salvador no se dice eso, para cuando se despidan de un amigo un hondureño digale tuani&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20196" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T00:54:01.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2767" CreationDate="2018-09-21T07:58:25.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;1. ¿Se usa 'guácala' fuera de México?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DAMER, se usa en los siguientes países:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gu%C3%A1cala&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡guácala!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, RD, PR, Co, Ve, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa desagrado, asco o rechazo. pop + cult → espon. (&lt;strong&gt;¡huácala!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y las palabras derivadas así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=hu%C3%A1cala&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡huácala!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Ho, ES, RD, PR, Ec, Pe, Bo, Py.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡guácala!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=ju%C3%A1cata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡juácata!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;ES, Ni.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa asco.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=f%C3%A1cata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡fácata!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Ho.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa rechazo o asco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gu%C3%A1catela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡guácatela!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Ho, ES, CR; Pa, Ec,&lt;/em&gt; juv; &lt;em&gt;Ch,&lt;/em&gt; cult → espon. Expresa asco o desagrado. pop. (&lt;strong&gt;¡guácatelas!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gu%C3%A1catelaa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡guácatelas!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Mx, CR.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡guácatela!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además hay el sustantivo similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gu%C3%A1cara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guácara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    f. &lt;em&gt;Mx.&lt;/em&gt; Vómito. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. ¿Se usan otras palabras en otros lugares?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras palabras no relatos que se usan en otros países son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=atatay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡atatay!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Co:SO.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa disgusto. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ec, Pe.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa asco. pop + cult → espon. (&lt;strong&gt;atatao; ¡atatau!; ¡tatay!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tatay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡tatay!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Co:SO, Ec.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡atatay!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=atatau&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡atatau!&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(Del quech. &lt;em&gt;atatau&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Pe.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡atatay!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=atatao&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;atatao.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Pe.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;atatay.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=fuchi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡fuchi!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Gu, Ho, ES, Ni, CR, Pa, Ve, Ec, Pe; Co, Bo, Py.&lt;/em&gt; pop ^ desp. Expresa desagrado o rechazo. (&lt;strong&gt;¡fuche!&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;PR.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡fo!&lt;/strong&gt;, expresa desagrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=fuche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡fuche!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;Ni.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;¡fuchi!&lt;/strong&gt;, expresa rechazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=fo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡fo!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Pa, Cu, RD, PR, Co, Ve.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa desagrado o rechazo por algo que huele mal. pop. ◆ &lt;strong&gt;¡fuchi!&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=3tzOr4npNx0AOeH9DHy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡ish!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;ES.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa asco o rechazo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=19gaxbImNx0AO5kD7XG%7CNO67qicggx0A9R0HobV%7CEvJmvthDHx0AlWyWcRV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡eco!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Ve.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa asco o repugnancia hacia algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=9ynWk3DCWx0ACaib9v7%7CcLXyvHGLGx0ATqDZc4L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡gas!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;Co.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa asco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=PTzeUGQGyx0A4P3hFAL%7CI1rNKfimcx0APAdYKfY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡asco!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    interj. &lt;em&gt;RD, Co, Ve, Ec.&lt;/em&gt; Expresa repugnancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-30T14:05:40.910" LastActivityDate="2018-12-30T14:05:40.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27459" CreationDate="2018-09-21T08:34:28.063" Score="3" ViewCount="2530" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en el periódico colombiano El Espectador:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/asi-ordenaron-chuzar-desde-un-esposo-infiel-hasta-el-fiscal-general-articulo-812375&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Así ordenaron &lt;strong&gt;chuzar&lt;/strong&gt; desde un esposo infiel hasta el fiscal general&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una noticia que luego se desarrolla en estos términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La imputación de cargos contra el general (r) Humberto Guatibonza, uno de los oficiales más emblemáticos de la Policía, y otras dos personas más reveló nuevos detalles de cómo supuestamente operó una red de &lt;strong&gt;chuzadas&lt;/strong&gt; manejada por oficiales retirado con experiencia en inteligencia militar. La Fiscalía explicó paso a paso que una hacker radicada en Ipiales (Nariño) recibió órdenes del coronel (r) Jorge Humberto Salinas, el cerebro de la organización, para interceptar y violar la intimidad de cientos de colombianos. “Se ordenó &lt;strong&gt;chuzar&lt;/strong&gt; desde a un esposo infiel hasta al fiscal general de la Nación”, fueron las palabras del fiscal del caso para resumir la investigación que comenzó a finales de diciembre de 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;El Espectador, 15 septiembre 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en el DAMER vemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=chuzar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chuzar(se)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  tr. Ni, Co, Ve, Bo; ES, rur. Pinchar o herir a alguien con un objeto cortante o punzante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  intr. prnl. Ni, Pa, Co, Bo. Pincharse o herirse con un objeto cortante o punzante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  tr. prnl. Co. Inyectarse droga. drog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  tr. Co. Manipular una línea telefónica para espiar las conversaciones que se realicen a través de ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que parece que &lt;em&gt;chuzar&lt;/em&gt; es sinónimo exacto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T2baRVx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pinchar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que en su 6.ª acepción se define como &lt;em&gt;Intervenir una línea o una comunicación telefónica&lt;/em&gt;. Pero lo curioso es que este término solo se use en Colombia, así como que  en Colombia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Bolivia y El Salvador sea sinónimo de pinchar. ¿Cómo se llegó hasta aquí? ¿Qué tan común es su uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T10:45:31.103" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T02:06:21.370" Title="¿Por qué se usa &quot;chuzar&quot; en Colombia para designar &quot;pinchar una comunicación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23927" CreationDate="2018-09-21T10:41:00.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existen las onomatopeyas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b0zBgLN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voz onomat.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. interj. Indica repugnancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ub3kd2L|Ub5tin5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Voz onomat.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. interj. U. para denotar molestia o repugnancia causada por malos olores o cosas nauseabundas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UXyHgWO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;interj. puf&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aunque no se reconoce en el DLE, en un diccionario más antiguo tenemos la interjección muy común:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡PUAH!&lt;/strong&gt; interj. &lt;strong&gt;¡Puf!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1917 Alemany Y Bolufer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2018-09-21T12:24:08.863" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T12:24:08.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27442" CreationDate="2018-09-21T12:16:58.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A common binomial used for this case is &lt;em&gt;¿Para servir o llevar?&lt;/em&gt; The one you need is &lt;em&gt;¿Para servir?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this, depending on the region and on what you're having, may show variations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Para &lt;strong&gt;servir&lt;/strong&gt; (aquí)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Para &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; (aquí)?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Para &lt;strong&gt;comer&lt;/strong&gt; (aquí)? (I wouldn't use this, but I listed it anyway.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you respond to these with a simple &lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt;; you don't need anything more complicated than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T12:16:58.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19888" CreationDate="2018-09-21T15:35:38.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión es una &lt;strong&gt;alegoría&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;metonimia&lt;/strong&gt; (alguna de las dos o ambas). El caso es que se hace alusión al perro para representar la imagen de un esqueleto para hacer una &lt;strong&gt;alegoría&lt;/strong&gt; (no pude resistir la repetición) a la propia muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de este tipo de usos lo encontramos en la corriente literaria de las calaveras mexicanas. Estas se comezaron a publicar a mediados del siglo XX inicialmente como una caricatura satírica de personajes reales o imaginarios (entre los que figuraban, muchas veces, personajes de política) y que, a manera que iba evolucionando se iba introduciendo en la codidianeidad mexicana hasta el punto de fundisrse con las tradiciones del día de muertos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La relación que existe entre las calaveras mexicanas y la Canina que refiere el artículo que expones es que la muerte es vista como un personaje pensante capaz de decidir a quien elige como su próximo objetivo. Entonces, como es percibida como un enemigo omnipresente, no se nombra directamente para no invocarla. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El origen de este tipo de cambios es, sin duda, mas antiguo. En el Quijote se relaciona a la muerte con la palabra &lt;strong&gt;canina&lt;/strong&gt; (no la nombra así sino que dice que tiene &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hambre canina&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;). Pero Sancho intenta no nombrarla y le dice &lt;strong&gt;descarnada&lt;/strong&gt; aunque después la nombra directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A buena fe, señor —respondió Sancho—, que no hay que fiar en la&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;descarnada&lt;/strong&gt;, digo, en la muerte, la cual tan bien come cordero como carnero; y a nuestro cura he oído decir que con igual pie pisaba las&#xA;  altas torres de los reyes como las humildes chozas de los pobres.&#xA;  Tiene esta señora más de poder que de melindre; no es nada asquerosa:&#xA;  de todo come y a todo hace, y de toda suerte de gentes, edades y&#xA;  preeminencias hinche sus alforjas. No es segador que duerme las&#xA;  siestas, que a todas horas siega, y corta así la seca como la verde&#xA;  yerba; y no parece que masca, sino que engulle y traga cuanto se le&#xA;  pone delante, porque tiene &lt;strong&gt;hambre canina&lt;/strong&gt;, que nunca se harta; y aunque&#xA;  no tiene barriga, da a entender que está hidrópica y sedienta de beber&#xA;  solas las vidas de cuantos viven, como quien se bebe un jarro&#xA;  de agua fría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante todo esto, solo puedo inferir que culturalmente es recurrente el nombrar a la muerte (y a otros entes malignos) con nombres o frases que disminuyen su sentido catastrófico. Quizá, como he dicho, esto tiene un poco más con la cultura que con el idioma en si.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T03:44:14.820" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T03:44:14.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27476" CreationDate="2018-09-21T16:37:12.833" Score="7" ViewCount="349" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encontré este artículo sobre la etimología del término &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; en su sentido de &quot;escritor fantasma&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://afrofeminas.com/2018/09/16/negro-no-es-esclavo-iniciamos-campana-para-que-la-r-a-e-elimine-o-corrija-la-definicion-de-la-expresion-negro-literario/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Negro no es esclavo. Iniciamos campaña para que la R.A.E. elimine o corrija la definición de la expresión negro literario&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;afroféminas.com&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé yo que era análogo al término inglés &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ghost&lt;/strong&gt;writer&quot;, i.e. que &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt; significaba aquí &lt;em&gt;oscuro, oculto&lt;/em&gt;; pero me equivoqué - de hecho, es un calco del término francés, una metáfora por una relación esclavista/esclavo entre el autor nombrado y el autor de verdad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión es de origen francés -los anglosajones usan el término ghostwriter, escritor fantasma- y surgió con la producción en masa de folletines en el siglo XIX, cuando se empezó a llamar négrier -negrero- al que firmaba y nègre -negro- a quien escribía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sitio del artículo ha lanzado una campaña en Change.org para que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... tanto los medios periodísticos, como literarios y académicos, dejen de utilizar el término “negro” para lo que define la RAE como “Persona que trabaja anónimamente para lucimiento y provecho de otro, especialmente en trabajos literarios” &lt;strong&gt;y que la propia RAE introduzca en su acepción el carácter claramente racista de la expresión o la elimine definitivamente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero empezar un debate sobre cuál debería ser la posición de los diccionarios, ya sea en la prescripción del lenguaje, ya sea en la descripción de cómo habla la gente. Sin embargo, pero me pica la curiosidad sobre:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;¿Alguna vez ha eliminado o cambiado la RAE la definición de una palabra de su diccionario por petición?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Nota: no me refiero aquí a los casos de:&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;- palabras cuyas definiciones se han cambiado por las propias investigaciones/decisiones de la propia RAE&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;- palabras eliminadas después de siglos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23968/c%C3%B3mo-se-decide-si-una-palabra-se-tiene-que-marcar-como-en-desuso-o-eliminarla&quot;&gt;desuso&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17437/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-proceso-para-eliminar-una-palabra-del-drae?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/a&gt; sin discusión del público contra su inclusión&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-06-07T06:17:49.227" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T06:17:49.227" Title="¿Alguna vez ha eliminado/cambiado la RAE la definición de una palabra por petición?" Tags="&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-21T21:04:36.077" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I want to ask them to close a window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To my friend: &lt;strong&gt;cierres la ventana?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To a stranger: &lt;strong&gt;podría cerrar la ventana por favor?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this it in a nutshell? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also -- &lt;strong&gt;what are other the most common ways?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;cierres la ventana?&quot; isn't correct because it's not imperative, is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T13:23:11.630" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:48:37.903" Title="How to ask someone -- stranger or my friend -- to do something?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;conversación&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27455" CreationDate="2018-09-21T22:23:31.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Formal: &lt;strong&gt;¿Tendría [Ud] la bondad de cerrar la ventana?, por favor.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less formal but nice: &lt;strong&gt;Oye, ¿me cierras la ventana?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oye is to grab someone's attention when you know them. Hey or Listen. [Yes,I know it does not literally mean to listen.] The reflexive form is used to emphasize that it is for you. Listen, can you close the window &lt;strong&gt;for me.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cerrar is close the window. cerrar(se) would be used to emphasize for me, for them,etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use also Oiga with or without [usted] to show annoyance in the imperative: Oiga, ciérreme ésta ventana, por favor. Listen, close that window for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to show a certain &lt;strong&gt;cariño&lt;/strong&gt;, you can make it: [Oye o mira], ciérrame ésta &lt;strong&gt;ventanita&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even when the window is not large. And frankly,I do not know how to show that in English except by adding something like sweetie. Not everyone will agree with this, I suppose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T22:23:31.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27455" CreationDate="2018-09-21T22:33:23.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;And yet, this depends on the region you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Cierra la ventana.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing else when it comes to speaking to a friend or family member; however, if you are talking to a stranger, I will probably say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Hola, ¿puede(s) cerrar la ventaja?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Disculpe(a), ¿podría(s) cerrar la ventana? (More formal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T00:29:11.367" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T00:29:11.367" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27450" CreationDate="2018-09-22T01:52:20.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acerca del origen del término, hace unos años publicaron &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.revistaarcadia.com/opinion/columnas/articulo/chuzar/21279&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt;, comentando que un chuzon (ya mencionado en el tesoro de Covarrubias) es un arma blanca larga (en pocas palabras) y desde el en el diccionario de la RAE en 1817 hasta hoy teniendo en cuenta la semejanza entre un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T2okNU7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pincho&lt;/a&gt; (en su segunda acepción) y un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=97YDR14&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chuzo&lt;/a&gt; (en el diccionario actual), la sinonimia entre los verbos se justificaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra ha tomado un uso casi cotidiano en Colombia desde hace unos 20 años, que se pone de moda la interceptación telefónica en el país (o al menos, que las personas afectadas lo empiezan a denunciar). No podría hablar de los demás países señalados&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-09-23T02:06:21.370" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T02:06:21.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-22T15:49:08.937" Score="4" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I'm talking to someone, what are the most common ways to expess agreement, active listening and the like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;is that so?&quot;, &quot;really?&quot;, &quot;ohh, I understand&quot;, &quot;got it&quot;, &quot;ohhh, that makes sense&quot;, &quot;definitely so!&quot;, &quot;no, no way!&quot;, &quot;I can't believe&quot; and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean a colloquial conversation and rather short phrases and words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-09-22T16:00:27.740" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T18:16:59.793" Title="How to activerly listen, agree and express surpise and so on in a converstaion?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27455" CreationDate="2018-09-22T17:48:37.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lambie's answer has lots of nice cultural touches. I will focus here on providing feedback for your first proposal.  Good!  But notice that &lt;em&gt;cerrar&lt;/em&gt; ends in &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;, so with &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; your choices are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) ask a question, for added politeness, and this is the indicative: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cierras la ventana, por favor? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) use the imperative, i.e. give an order, and this is conjugated as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cierra la ventana, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(c) use the subjunctive (a bit more unusual, but valid): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que cierres la ventana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that for the subjunctive, you have to include &quot;que.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My focus in this post is to write something clear and simple about the conjugation of the verb, so that you will understand the various possible corrections that you could make to your sentence, which had a small but important mistake (&quot;To my friend: &lt;em&gt;cierres la ventana?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;).  To learn more about the myriad uses of the subjunctive, I suggest that you take a look at the existing Q&amp;amp;A pages on that topic, and then ask about anything that's not yet clear.  The only reason I included it in my list was that you used &quot;cierres&quot; in your post, and I wanted to make sure you are aware that it's not &lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;, it just wasn't used correctly, and with a small correction, it will be fine.  (However, it is rather unusual in this context, and I wouldn't actually suggest that you use that as your jumping off place to start learning about the subjunctive.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T17:48:37.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27460" CreationDate="2018-09-22T18:00:51.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Ah, sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No me digas/diga!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De veras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Increíble! (this one is not quite so common)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No lo puedo creer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡No es posible!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿¡Cómo es posible!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡¿Estás en serio?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡¿En serio?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿¡cómo!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, claro...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ah, pues sí, claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues sí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Eso!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Bravo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And don't forget to ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te sentiste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when the torrent seems to be coming to an end:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo te sientes ahora? / Y ahora ¿cómo te sientes [pues]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T18:16:59.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1638" CreationDate="2018-09-22T19:23:02.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although both forms are correct, the second one sounds extremely archaic/poetical. You should never attach pronouns in normal speech, the natural one is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nos lo da. (&lt;em&gt;She&lt;/em&gt; gives it to us)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exception are imperatives. Imperatives are &lt;strong&gt;always attached&lt;/strong&gt;, otherwise you'd confuse an affirmative sentence with an order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Dánoslo! (give us that)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(and don't forget the accent mark).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-22T19:23:02.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27465" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-23T08:40:44.630" Score="8" ViewCount="619" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the pronouns &lt;em&gt;conmigo, contigo, consigo&lt;/em&gt; there are the antiquated forms &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=AMV39kS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;connusco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Ahsw0Bz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;convusco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These forms have been seen as outdated since at least as far back as 1611&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, having competed with the forms &lt;em&gt;con nos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;con vos&lt;/em&gt; since the 14th century&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in the Stevens' &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;A New Spanish and English Dictionary&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (1706), the author notes that these forms were still in use in some regional sociolects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conúſco,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Obſ. with us. Us'd in ſome parts by Peaſants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Convúſco,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; Obſ. with you. Us'd only by ſome Peaſants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In what regions/dialects were these forms used at this time, and, are they still used today?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;em&gt;Rosal&lt;/em&gt; (1611):&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Conosco ò Conusco.&lt;/strong&gt; decia el antiguo Castell. para decir con nosotros;&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27940047.pdf?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excessive Analogical Change as an Impetus for Lexical Loss: Old Spanish &lt;em&gt;Connusco&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Convusco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ling.1997.35.issue-1/ling.1997.35.1.57/ling.1997.35.1.57.xml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Convusco:&lt;/em&gt; a casualty of analogy, or of differential “(un)fitness”?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-31T14:16:49.467" Title="Conmigo, contigo, consigo... connusco, convusco?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27467" CreationDate="2018-09-23T13:59:21.460" Score="2" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; is the subjunctive form of &lt;strong&gt;tengo&lt;/strong&gt;. Subjunctive form is about wish, desire, doubts, not being certain, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can the subjunctive form be used in the sentence to mean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;If I had X&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not &lt;strong&gt;tendría&lt;/strong&gt; instead: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;si tendría X&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-23T19:07:47.417" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T19:24:00.227" Title="Why &quot;If I had X....&quot; is translated to &quot;si tuviera X&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27466" CreationDate="2018-09-23T19:24:00.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) Because &quot;tendría&quot; means &quot;I would have&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't say &lt;code&gt;If I would have sommething, I ...&lt;/code&gt;, do you? No, you say &lt;code&gt;If I had something&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) This is the perfect place for a subjunctive. If you are saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had something, I would...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's because you don't have it yet. Otherwise you'd be saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since I have it, I will...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you do not have it, that's why you're using &quot;had&quot; and not &quot;have&quot;. That's a conditional. Second conditional to be precise. &lt;code&gt;If I had something, I would...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the part &quot;If I had something&quot; is not a fact. You don't have that thing, you *wish** you had it, you're imaginin what you would do if you had it. Anyway you see it, it is not a real situation, but a desired/imagined one. Consequently, it takes the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-23T19:24:00.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27472" CreationDate="2018-09-23T21:29:45.370" Score="5" ViewCount="819" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt; means 'to follow', 'to continue'. However I've seen it many times being used to mean &lt;strong&gt;'still'&lt;/strong&gt; or at least translating to 'still'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi hijo sigue en Londres por el trabajo &lt;sub&gt;My son is still in London for work&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sigue lloviendo &lt;sub&gt;It is still raining&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper way/grammer to use it while using &lt;em&gt;seguir&lt;/em&gt; to mean 'still'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20190" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T09:29:54.147" Title="How is &quot;seguir&quot; used to mean &quot;still&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27470" CreationDate="2018-09-23T22:08:05.763" Score="2" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a shop or any other public place I can ask &amp;quot;¿Cuál es tu horario?&amp;quot; to mean what are the working hours, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I want to ask precisely when they open and when close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What'll be the proper way to ask this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what form of a verb will I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Tu/Usted?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;They&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Se + verb&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T21:00:36.083" Title="How to ask &quot;when do you open&quot; and &quot;when do you close&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27469" CreationDate="2018-09-24T01:56:15.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm not wrong you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿A qué hora abre?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to ask for when they open.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to ask for when they close,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;¿A qué hora cierra&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm from Argentina and we use this form to ask these questions!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20212" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-09-24T07:11:57.267" LastActivityDate="2018-09-24T07:11:57.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27471" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-24T09:35:04.120" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to understand the etymology of the Sicilian word &quot;sceccu&quot;, which means &quot;burro&quot;. Some common explanations for its etymology are that it derives from Turkish &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sceccu#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;eşek&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;donkey&quot;) or Arabic &lt;a href=&quot;http://bloggers.iitaly.org/bloggers/34039/joseph-f-privitera-creative-sicilian-language-teacher-towards-southern-italian-americ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;شيخ‎&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;sheikh&quot;), but I don't find these satisfactory and suspect it has a different origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found some similar looking words with the same meaning in some western romance languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;jegue&quot; (Portuguese)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;jeque&quot; (Old Provençal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;xeque&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does a similar word exist in Spanish, and if so, what is its etymology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that &quot;equus&quot; is involved, but I don't understand the j-x-sh at the beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20214" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-05T23:46:12.907" LastActivityDate="2021-03-03T14:22:00.197" Title="Does a synonym for &quot;burro&quot; exist in Spanish, cognate to Sicilian &quot;sceccu&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;false-cognate&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27468" CreationDate="2018-09-24T10:40:33.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like you know the literal meaning of &quot;seguir&quot;, which in the case of your question would be &quot;to continue&quot;. While I'm not a big fan of literal translations, if you translate these sentences it still makes sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hijo sigue en Londres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My son &lt;em&gt;continues&lt;/em&gt; in London&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to accept the fact that different languages use different constructions in their sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi hijo aún/todavía está en Londres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference would be that this sounds like there's a certain stress on the fact that it's been a pretty long time and you're awaiting his return, but this is very subtle and doesn't need to apply at all times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to how to construct sentences in this manner, I think it'l be best for you to check up all the meanings of the verb &quot;seguir&quot;, you'll notice there are quite a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;seguir&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. vulg. *sequīre, y este del lat. sequi 'seguir', con la t. de ire 'ir'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. Ir después o detrás de alguien. U. t. c. intr.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. Ir en busca de alguien o algo; dirigirse, caminar hacia él o ello.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. tr. Proseguir o continuar en lo empezado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. tr. Ir en compañía de alguien. Vine con él y le seguí siempre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. tr. Profesar o ejercer una ciencia, arte o estado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. tr. Dirigir la vista hacia un objeto que se mueve y mantener la visión de él.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. tr. Observar atentamente el curso de un negocio o los movimientos de alguien o algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  8. tr. Tratar o manejar un negocio o pleito, haciendo las diligencias conducentes para su logro.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  9. tr. Conformarse, convenir, ser del dictamen o parcialidad de alguien.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  10. tr. Perseguir, acosar o molestar a alguien; ir en su busca o alcance. Seguir una fiera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  11. tr. Imitar o hacer algo por el ejemplo que alguien ha dado de ello.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  12. tr. Dirigir algo por camino o método adecuado, sin apartarse del intento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  13. prnl. Dicho de una cosa: Inferirse o ser consecuencia de otra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  14. prnl. Dicho de una cosa: Suceder a otra por orden, turno o número, o ser continuación de ella.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  15. prnl. Dicho de una cosa: Originarse o causarse de otra.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our specific use case would be number 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Proseguir o continuar en lo empezado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually one would use [seguir] + [gerundio] like &quot;Sigue estudiando&quot; or &quot;sigo buscando&quot;, but our case is a bit specific and special, when we say something &quot;sigue estando aquí&quot;, we don't need the &quot;estar&quot; verb in the sentence, so we end up with just &quot;sigue aquí&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="14936" LastEditDate="2018-09-26T09:29:54.147" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T09:29:54.147" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27468" CreationDate="2018-09-24T13:42:04.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to see it for an English speaker is recalling the verb &lt;code&gt;to keep&lt;/code&gt;. In general, we can say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguir + ando/endo = Keep + ing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sigue lloviendo = it keeps raining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check that it is exactly the same structure (verb+ing). It's not weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this can be reworded as &lt;code&gt;It is still raining&lt;/code&gt;, and many others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-24T13:42:04.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27475" CreationDate="2018-09-24T21:26:31.767" Score="4" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the use of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La única vez que &lt;strong&gt;se le oyó&lt;/strong&gt; un comentario nostálgico fue a propósito de un piano de cola.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;code&gt;oirse&lt;/code&gt; in this case means &lt;code&gt;was heard&lt;/code&gt;. Is the &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; used to emphazise &lt;code&gt;was heard from him/her&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20217" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T11:44:36.513" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T11:44:36.513" Title="Why use &quot;le&quot; in &quot;se le oyo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27474" CreationDate="2018-09-24T22:43:34.640" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're so close. It actually means &quot;from him/her&quot;, but it is not empahisis, because it is not repeating any information, but adding it for the first time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se oyó un comentario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would mean &lt;code&gt;A comment was heard&lt;/code&gt;, as you correctly point out, which is nice because &quot;se&quot; is indeed a difficult word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;le&quot; is adding relevant information. It replaces an indirect object. It's relating the coment to that &quot;him/her&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se le oyó un comentario a él = A comment was heard &lt;strong&gt;from him&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(same with her).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T11:43:45.417" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T11:43:45.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27454" CreationDate="2018-09-25T02:46:55.763" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, existen situaciones recientes en las que la RAE ha actualizado entradas del diccionario por petición o presión social.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un caso reciente en el que han &lt;strong&gt;modificado&lt;/strong&gt;, que no eliminado, una entrada es acerca de una de las acepciones de &amp;quot;fácil&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia Española (RAE) ha modificado, tras la petición de numerosos ciudadanos anónimos, famosos a través de redes sociales y asociaciones y colectivos la quinta acepción del adjetivo &amp;quot;fácil&amp;quot;, que se refería a la &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;mujer&lt;/em&gt; que se presta sin problemas a mantener relaciones sexuales&amp;quot;. A partir de ahora, esta calificación &lt;em&gt;no se referirá solo a las mujeres sino a toda &amp;quot;persona&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, han confirmado este miércoles [Marzo de 2018] fuentes de la institución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extraído del artículo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2018/03/14/actualidad/1521038565_584340.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La RAE elimina la acepción de “fácil” referida a la mujer que “se presta al sexo sin problemas”&lt;/a&gt;: 'La definición se cambia a &amp;quot;persona&amp;quot; ante las peticiones de particulares, famosos y asociaciones'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es notable destacar que, como recoge este otro artículo &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.abc.es/cultura/abci-mujer-facil-rae-201801261002_noticia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La RAE se niega a eliminar la polémica acepción de «mujer fácil»&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Real Academia Española (RAE) «mantendrá la línea de &lt;strong&gt;no censurar&lt;/strong&gt; el diccionario»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos cambios no reflejan sino una serie de actualizaciones para, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2013/11/131127_diccionario_espanol_rae_vocablos_sexistas_amv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según bbc,&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;evitar que uno de los libros más consultados en español, cuya primera edición se publicó en 1780, sea un baluarte del machismo moderno&amp;quot; entre los que se incluyen también, según dicho artículo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;femenino, cuya sexta acepción incluía &amp;quot;Débil, endeble&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4j1B0EW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;babosear&lt;/a&gt;: que ha pasado de ser &amp;quot;obsequiar a una &lt;strong&gt;mujer&lt;/strong&gt; con exceso&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Hacer demostraciones de obsecuencia excesiva.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JNbAlxi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gozar&lt;/a&gt; dejaría de significar &amp;quot;conocer carnalmente a una &lt;strong&gt;mujer&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos son ejemplos de palabras que han sufrido recientemente un cambio en algunas de sus acepciones por decisión de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acerca de eliminar entradas del diccionario, estas &lt;strong&gt;no se eliminan nunca&lt;/strong&gt; (Como queda explicado en una pregunta previa del stack: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17437/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el proceso para eliminar una palabra del DRAE?&lt;/a&gt;). Extraigo libremente del artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2012/08/120802_cultura_palabras_dicccionario_rae_judiada_rechazo_retiro_jrg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Se pueden eliminar palabras de la Real Academia de la Lengua?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la Real Academia Española de la Lengua rechazó una solicitud para quitar la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MZsFLE5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;judiada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; del diccionario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el uso de la acepción está documentado, se verá reflejada en el diccionario. La institución se considera a sí misa &amp;quot;un mero notario de la lengua&amp;quot;. No promueve, ni legitima, ni desaconseja el uso de una palabra. Sólo [sic] lo recoge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Cuando se demuestra que no se usa, cosa que es muy difícil, se la marca como desusada, pero no se elimina&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, explica a BBC Mundo José Manuel Blecua, director de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde la RAE insisten en que este traslado de un compendio a otro sólo [sic] tiene su raíz en el uso y no en otras cuestiones. Para José Manuel Blecua, director de la RAE &amp;quot;no hay palabras molestas u ofensivas; todas las palabras tienen una categoría léxica dentro del diccionario como piezas que son dentro de la lengua&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esos compendios que se citan son el diccionario y el tesoro lexicográfico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las palabras no se eliminan nunca. Solo por desuso las palabras que salen del diccionario se transfieren al &amp;quot;Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico&amp;quot;, que es un diccionario de diccionarios, tal y como se describe en la propia página de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/17437/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es el proceso para eliminar una palabra del DRAE?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T13:00:05.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27480" CreationDate="2018-09-25T17:03:20.913" Score="3" ViewCount="1075" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's consider the following sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se lo di &lt;em&gt;meaning&lt;/em&gt; I gave it to him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Se&lt;/code&gt; is the indirect object pronoun and &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; is the direct object pronoun. Now if the sentence above is to be put in the &lt;strong&gt;passive voice&lt;/strong&gt; form we would have to introduce &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;, but here is the case &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; is there already for a different purpose. A typical passive sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se escribió el libro en español &lt;em&gt;meaning&lt;/em&gt; The book was written in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how I do use the passive voice with a direct and indirect object pronoun, in this case &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It was given to him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be &lt;em&gt;Se lo dio&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20190" LastEditorUserId="20190" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T20:41:52.917" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T20:41:52.917" Title="Passive voice with direct and indirect object pronouns" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;voz-pasiva&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27372" CreationDate="2018-09-25T17:31:02.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una versión rebuscada para indicar lo mismo es la expresión &amp;quot;con sus once de oveja&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R3aRnep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con sus once de oveja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. desus. Era u. para dar a entender que alguien se entremete en lo que no le toca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que una recompensa en una de nuestras preguntas existentes (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27146/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué “con sus once de oveja” da a entender que alguien se entremete en lo que no le toca?&lt;/a&gt;) ha destacado recientemente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, la conversación quedaría como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Tus traducciones son demasiado literales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Ya estás con tus once de oveja. (ya te estás entrometiendo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T17:31:02.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27478" CreationDate="2018-09-25T17:56:50.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The passive construction to which you're referring is usually called &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;reflexive passive [voice]&quot;), because of the use of the reflexive pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The passive form that would correspond to &lt;em&gt;«Se lo di»&lt;/em&gt; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se le dio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's happening here? The passive voice shifts the arguments of the verb. The subject is deleted and the direct object is promoted to subject. The &lt;strong&gt;indirect&lt;/strong&gt; object, if there is one, stays the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the pronoun &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;«Se lo di»&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object. It refers to the third person singular, and it should be &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, but there's a grammar rule that says that when both &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; (indirect object) and &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (direct object) appear in a proposition, then &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; turns into &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;note&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to turn this into a passive with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, you do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the subject. This is easy in your sentence, since the subject is already implicit (&lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Promote the direct object to subject. In &lt;em&gt;«Se lo di»&lt;/em&gt; the subject is &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, a third person singular masculine pronoun. When you make it the subject, you delete it (as is usual in Spanish): &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt; → ∅, but you must turn the verb into its third person singular form: &lt;em&gt;di&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;dio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You keep the indirect object, but since there is no more direct object the rule above doesn't hold, so &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; reverts to its &quot;normal&quot; form: &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You add &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; to make this a &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N9U2P.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N9U2P.png&quot; alt=&quot;Se le dio&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be wondering what happened to the first person singular implied in the original sentence (&lt;em&gt;«&lt;strong&gt;Yo&lt;/strong&gt; se lo di»&lt;/em&gt;). In this kind of passive construction that information is lost; you cannot re-introduce it. This is different from what happens with the other type of passive, the so-called periphrastic passive voice, which is more like the English passive voice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; The rule actually says that the indirect object pronouns &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; both change to &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; when a direct object pronoun (one of &lt;em&gt;la, lo, las, los&lt;/em&gt;) is present in the proposition. So this whole answer also holds for &lt;em&gt;«Se la di»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;«Se las di»&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Se los di&lt;/em&gt;; and when making the change into passive, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; could also turn into &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; (there's no way to know where the recipient of the action is singular or plural, because &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is ambiguous).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-09-25T20:38:26.253" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T20:38:26.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27481" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-25T20:39:51.863" Score="4" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, they're identical. And are both grammatically correct and can be used interchangeably. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this indeed the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-26T07:54:19.237" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:45:16.347" Title="&quot;No se puede conectar&quot; vs &quot;no puede conectarse&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27469" CreationDate="2018-09-25T21:00:36.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternatively why not ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo se abre? or ¿Cuándo se cierra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the subject is now the thing which is either opening or closing. You could substitute &quot;A qué hora&quot; for &quot;Cuándo&quot; of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T21:00:36.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27481" CreationDate="2018-09-25T21:03:07.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they are the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No se conecta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even informally (opinion as native spanish speaker) &lt;strong&gt;No conecta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20224" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T21:03:07.433" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-26T01:51:01.607" Score="8" ViewCount="1441" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aprendiendo un poco de 'chileno', pude darme cuenta que se usa el término &lt;em&gt;marrueco&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de cremallera o bragueta (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZqcbTXZ7r4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Min. 3:03&lt;/a&gt; ), mas no le encuentro la relación. No se si haya alguien de Chile o si alguna otra persona sepa el porqué de la sinonimia entre estos términos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-28T16:48:40.203" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T15:27:33.043" Title="Origen de marrueco como cremallera" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27481" CreationDate="2018-09-26T03:42:20.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be identical in meaning, but that's not always the case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No puede conectarse&lt;/em&gt; may always be rendered as &lt;em&gt;No se puede conectar&lt;/em&gt; due to the phenomenon of &lt;em&gt;pronoun raising&lt;/em&gt; of Spanish.  In this case, the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is associated with the verb &lt;em&gt;conectar&lt;/em&gt;, but may be placed either with &lt;em&gt;conectar&lt;/em&gt; (enclitically, because it's in the infinitive) or &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; (proclitically, because it's conjugated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; need not necessarily be associated with &lt;em&gt;conectar&lt;/em&gt;.  It is also possible that the &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; is associated with the verb &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, forming an impersonal statement.  In this case, because pronouns can only be raised and not lowered, there is no other alternative rendering and only &quot;no se puede conectar&quot; works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T04:45:16.347" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:45:16.347" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-26T09:54:51.043" Score="4" ViewCount="943" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al igual que en la literatura inglesa se usa la conjunción &lt;em&gt;iff&lt;/em&gt; para &quot;if and only if&quot;, recogida por diccionarios como el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/iff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt; o el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/iff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oxford&lt;/a&gt; (y nótese que se define como conjunción y no como abreviatura), en español se usan varias conjunciones similares para &quot;si y solo si&quot;. En textos científicos se puede encontrar las siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sii&lt;/em&gt;: la que recuerdo haber usado yo en la carrera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ssi&lt;/em&gt;: la primera opción según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicondicional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el artículo de la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;syss&lt;/em&gt;: aparentemente la menos usada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me gustaría preguntar es: ¿cuál de estas opciones es actualmente la más usada? ¿Hay diferencias regionales en el uso de todas ellas? Y por último, ¿cuál sería la más apropiada para solicitar a la RAE su inclusión en el DLE? ¿Sería &lt;em&gt;sii&lt;/em&gt; por ser la única que no contiene el grupo &lt;em&gt;ss&lt;/em&gt;, muy raro en el idioma español? ¿O ya hay alguna recomendación de uso al respecto por parte de la RAE, Fundéu o similares?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-09-26T14:26:54.217" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T14:26:54.217" Title="&quot;Si y solo si&quot;: abreviatura más usada en español" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;matemáticas&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27488" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-26T10:54:50.563" Score="7" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leí ayer una noticia que se titulaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bill Cosby, &lt;strong&gt;condenado de tres a diez años&lt;/strong&gt; de cárcel por agresión sexual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/sociedad/2018/09/25/actualidad/1537899947_545967.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El País, 25 de septiembre de 2018&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pasado el rato se cambió por el actual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bill Cosby, &lt;strong&gt;condenado a entre tres y diez años&lt;/strong&gt; de cárcel por agresión sexual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo fuera de duda que la frase original es incorrecta, pues viene a decir &lt;em&gt;X, condenado de Y&lt;/em&gt;, que no tiene sentido. Por contra, me surge la duda de si esto sería correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bill Cosby, &lt;strong&gt;condenado a de tres a diez años&lt;/strong&gt; de cárcel por agresión sexual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, ¿sería correcta la forma &lt;em&gt;condenar a &amp;lt;de X a Y&amp;gt; años?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T00:39:14.217" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;condenado a de tres a diez años de cárcel&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27487" CreationDate="2018-09-26T11:28:45.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;1. Uso&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para hacer una comparación aproximada, buscamos al Google Scholar (es) (he incluido la frase 'si y solo si' para evitar 'positivos falsos' de nombres etc):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=en&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=%22sii%22+%22si+y+solo+si%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;sii&amp;quot; &amp;quot;si y solo si&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (997)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=en&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=%22ssi%22+%22si+y+solo+si%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;ssi&amp;quot; &amp;quot;si y solo si&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (136)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=en&amp;amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;amp;q=%22syss%22+%22si+y+solo+si%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;syss&amp;quot; &amp;quot;si y solo si&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (142)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que &lt;em&gt;sii&lt;/em&gt; se usa más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;2. Diferencias regionales&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todavía no he encontrado bastante datos para hacer tal estudio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;3. La RAE&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, no creo que la RAE la incluyería ninguna de estas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Iff&amp;quot; es una forma de &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt; una conjunción lógica (&amp;quot;if and only if&amp;quot;, ↔), como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/XOR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;xor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;exclusive or&amp;quot;, ⊻), y no una palabra que la gente 'habla'. Por su naturaleza, su pronunciación es ambigua, y no clarifica si quieres decir 'if' o iff', 'si' o 'ssi'/'sii' (&lt;em&gt;syss&lt;/em&gt; puede ser una excepción aquí, pero jamás he visto ni oídolo y no parece muy popular aún).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son palabras que solo se usan en el contexto de las matemáticas y la lógica, y aún en este contexto solo suelo &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt; la frase &amp;quot;if and only if&amp;quot; (y posiblemente &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;i&lt;strong&gt;ff&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, con estrés en la efe, en situaciones poco comunes cuándo el hablante quiere contrastar &lt;em&gt;iff&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; explicitamente después de una confusión).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los diccionarios ingleses son un poco más liberales en su inclusión de palabras así, pero no conozco ninguna palabra así que incluye la RAE (ni siquiera &lt;em&gt;QED&lt;/em&gt;, que bien se puede hablar en conversación). Aunque no he buscado exhaustivamente - puede bien ser que sí es el caso que hay algunas palabritas similares escondidas en algún rincón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T11:28:45.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27487" CreationDate="2018-09-26T13:10:57.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como ex matemático, este uso corresponde solo a la voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;iff&lt;/em&gt;, que se había mencionado; de todas maneras, esto también lo he visto en varios idiomas —en donde figuran las matemáticas— tales como italiano, francés y alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso, sin embargo, se recoge en español como &lt;em&gt;si y solo si&lt;/em&gt;; al menos, nunca lo he visto en las formas que mencionas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, como es una conjunción especializada para la rama de las matemáticas, se usa, principalmente ahí y, ciertamente, en otros campos de la ciencia como física y química.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9568" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T13:10:57.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27514" CreationDate="2018-09-26T15:39:50.463" Score="5" ViewCount="889" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por favor explíquenme la diferencia entre las dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;desafíos a los que nos enfrentamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;desafíos que enfrentamos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una frase usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;enfrentar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y la otra, &lt;em&gt;enfrentar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Son absolutamente iguales o hay una diferencia sutil en el significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-09T13:26:06.847" LastActivityDate="2020-04-06T21:49:02.283" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre enfrentar y enfrentarse?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27491" CreationDate="2018-09-26T16:01:45.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una frase usa el verbo enfrentar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; y la otra, enfrentar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay diferencia. Según el DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FJ4BrX4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enfrentar&lt;/a&gt; tiene tres acepciones y en las tres encontramos las notas &amp;quot;U. t. c. prnl.&amp;quot; (usado también como pronominal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jIcYim.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jIcYim.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, parece que en todas sus acepciones &amp;quot;enfrentar&amp;quot; puede ser usado como pronominal y llevar el reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desafíos a los que ellos &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; enfrentan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desafíos que enfrentan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluir la parte de &amp;quot;[a los que / a los cuales] (alguien se enfrenta)&amp;quot; obliga a incluir el pronombre reflexivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T16:11:08.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27497" CreationDate="2018-09-26T17:16:09.970" Score="4" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;El juego de té&lt;/em&gt; de Eulàlia Solé, ¿hay algún motivo por el que no se  usa el subjuntivo aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora es Jaime quien se ha echado a reír. La dependienta mira a los dos entre molesta y sorprendida. Y no puede creer lo que &lt;strong&gt;oye&lt;/strong&gt; a continuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es que duda lo que no puede creer y por tanto es indicativo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T05:26:45.013" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T05:26:45.013" Title="¿Por qué no se usa el subjuntivo en &quot;La dependienta mira... y no puede creer lo que *oye* a continuación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;indicativa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1477" CreationDate="2018-09-26T20:54:53.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;em&gt;peluda&lt;/em&gt; which means 'hairy' in Spanish. &lt;em&gt;Pelon&lt;/em&gt; is used for someone that is bald. I've never heard &lt;em&gt;pelona&lt;/em&gt; used as hairy but I'm sure some latinos use it as an informal way of saying 'hairy' in Spanish. It's definitely understood used in context. I mean, I would understand it once I grasped what was being said. Trust me, as latinos here in the US the Spanish language is constantly being changed/updated with very informal forms of the use of the language and Spanglish is also a new form of speaking. I personally hate it as it's destroying the romantic form of it but once explained it's pretty much understood and a given that's what the local form of speaking or understanding the Spanish language in certain areas will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20232" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-09-27T05:56:03.583" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T05:56:03.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27493" CreationDate="2018-09-26T22:23:51.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Que oye algo es un hecho.  Lo que no cree es el contenido de lo que oye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera algo tipo «y no puede creer que oiga...» (y entonces el hecho de que oye algo se pone en duda), el subjuntivo sería preciso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T22:23:51.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27493" CreationDate="2018-09-26T22:31:16.573" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando se usa &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; más una oración subordinada (&lt;em&gt;creer que…&lt;/em&gt;) existen varios casos en que debe utilizarse el subjuntivo. Pero éste no es uno de esos casos, porque &lt;em&gt;«lo que oye»&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a algo que la dependienta está oyendo realmente; no es hipotético ni dudoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son diferentes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;creer (en) algo&lt;/em&gt; y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;creer que algo pasó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La dependienta no puede (1) creer (en) lo que oye (le parece increíble, que no puede ser cierto, que no ha escuchado bien), pero sí sabe que oye (2); no está en duda que ha oído. La &lt;strong&gt;acción&lt;/strong&gt; de oír es real, y por lo tanto va en indicativo. Es el &lt;strong&gt;contenido&lt;/strong&gt; de lo que oye lo que la dependienta no puede creer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Distinto sería un caso como el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No debes creer (nada de) lo que oigas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso sí se usaría el subjuntivo, porque estamos hablando de algo que el oyente podría hipotéticamente oír en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T22:31:16.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27488" CreationDate="2018-09-27T00:39:14.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La primera frase no me suena tan incorrecta, si tomamos &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtDkacL%7CBtFYznp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;desde&lt;/em&gt;, para expresar el posible rango de su condena. La solución que propones no me suena bien, pues se genera una redundancia con las &lt;em&gt;aes&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Condenar &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;lt; de X &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; Y&gt; años&lt;/em&gt;) y tampoco la corrección del periódico puesto que el rango permite que el número de años sea indeterminado (pueden ser 3 años, 5 años y medio, o los 10 años) y la a intentaría mostrar un valor fijo. Es decir, se condena a X años o entre X y Y, pero no a entre X y Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T00:39:14.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27500" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-27T01:54:54.547" Score="2" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to say &quot;I looked back and saw...&quot;?  I think it could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miré hacía atrás y veía...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure whether to use &lt;em&gt;atrás&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;detrás&lt;/em&gt;. Which should I use for when describing the action of someone looking back to see if something is chasing them or when reversing a car, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14143" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-09-29T16:23:02.220" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T07:04:58.123" Title="What's the Spanish for &quot;I looked back and saw...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27500" CreationDate="2018-09-27T08:33:51.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, I think we would use a different construction. Since &lt;em&gt;looked&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;saw&lt;/em&gt; are somewhat redundant, in Spanish we would remove one of them and use a more natural (in Spanish) construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me giré y vi...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The literal translation in English would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I turned back and saw...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is not too different from the original, as you can see. But I think it sounds more natural in Spanish than your proposal. The verb &lt;em&gt;girarse&lt;/em&gt;, used as pronominal, does not necessarily imply turning the whole body; in this case, it means just turning the head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T08:33:51.237" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27506" CreationDate="2018-09-27T19:14:47.790" Score="3" ViewCount="3773" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene &amp;quot;cafetero&amp;quot; (o la expresión &amp;quot;para los muy &lt;em&gt;cafeteros&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;) alguna acepción distinta a las que refleja el diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario del DRAE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6bdGFJA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;todas las acepciones de cafetero&lt;/a&gt; están directamente relacionadas con el café&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PLvh5.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PLvh5.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo a veces oigo expresiones como &amp;quot;esto es para los muy &lt;em&gt;cafeteros&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;esta persona es muy &lt;em&gt;cafetera&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; con el sentido (yo entiendo) de &amp;quot;esto es para la gente a la que le guste mucho el tema&amp;quot;. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo recomendaros unos libros sobre este tema, pero son para los muy cafeteros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese tertuliano es muy cafetero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese tema es par los muy cafeteros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien aclarar otras acepciones del adjetivo &lt;code&gt;cafetero&lt;/code&gt; aparte de las indicadas por el diccionario (o explicar cómo las del diccionario se aplican a expresiones como &amp;quot;esto es para los muy cafeteros/esta persona es muy cafetera&amp;quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Expando con algunos ejemplos encontrados con unas búsquedas simples de google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Añado que la expresión aparece no solo como &amp;quot;eso es para los muy cafeteros&amp;quot; sino también como &amp;quot;eso es café para los muy cafeteros&amp;quot;. Quizá sea algo como estos es &amp;quot;muy bueno&amp;quot; (Como si dijese &amp;quot;esto es café del bueno&amp;quot;\ para los  que nos muy cafeteros&amp;quot;, o en general, esto es X para aquellos a los que les gusta mucho X)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forocoches.com/foro/showthread.php?t=5842344&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Es MAD MEN, CAFÉ para MUY CAFETEROS??&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/elmonaguillo/status/382855235905282048?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eso es cafe para muy cafeteros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/20180619/45270310154/takashi-inui-para-beticos-muy-cafeteros.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Takashi Inui, para béticos 'muy cafeteros'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-09-16T21:47:50.333" Title="¿Tiene la palabra &quot;cafetero&quot; más significados de los que incluye el diccionario?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27434" CreationDate="2018-09-27T20:26:58.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inicialmente estaba decidido a escribir solamente un comentario pero quizá sea prudente extenderse un poco (en este caso) en atención al deseo de aprender del que pregunta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primero que nada, la pregunta se hace confusa cuando haces uso del término &lt;strong&gt;locución verbal&lt;/strong&gt;. Creo una manera de replantear tu pregunta sería ¿Cómo se escriben las &lt;strong&gt;locuciones&lt;/strong&gt; que son acortadas para simular el habla? En lo general, tu pregunta se discute &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19504/c%C3%B3mo-se-deben-escribir-en-espa%C3%B1ol-las-palabras-que-se-escriben-acortadas-para-s&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;. En el caso específico de &lt;strong&gt;locuciones&lt;/strong&gt; te invito a seguir leyendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para aclarar el concepto, podemos decir que una &lt;strong&gt;locución&lt;/strong&gt; (así sola) es cualquier combinación de palabras que tienen un significado distinto a la de las partes que la conforman. Como tales, las palabras no pierden su individualidad. Ejemplos de oraciones que contienen locuciones son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andaba &lt;strong&gt;como loco&lt;/strong&gt; buscando un hotel&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;A lo mejor&lt;/strong&gt; vamos en enero&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;A lo mucho&lt;/strong&gt; nos quedaremos cinco días&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espero que no nos &lt;strong&gt;echen a la calle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pásele &lt;strong&gt;a lo barrido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, cuando dices &lt;strong&gt;locuciones verbales&lt;/strong&gt; estas hablando de un tipo especial de locución que funciona como verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;voy a echar de menos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cando la vio se &lt;strong&gt;echó a correr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El autor &lt;strong&gt;dio a conocer&lt;/strong&gt; su libro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, las entre las locuciones que son propensas a ser acortadas tenemos a las &lt;strong&gt;locuciones adverbiales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película estuvo &lt;strong&gt;para llorar&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;La peli estuvo &lt;strong&gt;pa llorar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No sirves &lt;strong&gt;para nada&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;em&gt;No sirves &lt;strong&gt;pa ná&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto la forma completa como la forma acortada son usadas de manera coloquial pero la única razón que yo tendría para escribirlas de manera acortada es para citar textualmente a un hablante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, yo evitaría abusar de este recurso debido a que un escrito extenso que incluya palabras acortadas podría ser muy difícil de leer fuera del contexto cultural donde se genera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos literarios: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En la novela de &lt;strong&gt;Pedro Páramo&lt;/strong&gt; de Juan Rulfo. A pesar de que la historia tiene lugar en un ambiente provincial, el autor evita tajantemente el uso de palabras acortadas. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para dar voz a Cándido Castro, indio tzotzil de la novela &lt;strong&gt;La Rebelión de los Colgados&lt;/strong&gt;, Bruno Traven no utiliza palabras acortadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El mismo Miguel de Cervantes al darle voz a Sancho Panza, uno de los villanos mas famosos, no lo cita con palabras acortadas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, la mejor manera de escribir las voces acortadas es no hacerlo. Es mejor escribir las palabras completas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2018-09-27T20:35:43.007" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T20:35:43.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27503" CreationDate="2018-09-27T23:37:37.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desde mi lugar puedo responder que, al menos en muchos lugares de Latinoamerica, se utiliza el termino &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;cafeteros&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; refiriéndose a los ciudadanos colombianos, ya que su país es un gran productor de café y en el ámbito del fútbol es muy común llamarles así internacionalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cafetero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cafetero, -a.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    adj. &lt;em&gt;ES, Pe, Ch, Py.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;En el periodismo deportivo,&lt;/em&gt; relativo a Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20212" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-09-28T10:38:59.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27503" CreationDate="2018-09-28T13:28:08.177" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No es extraño que el diccionario no pueda/quiera recoger cada figura retórica que se hace popular, a menos que su uso este muy asentado y parezca que no dejará de ser popular. Y esta en concreto creo que tiene un origen relativamente reciente: una parodia de un lema publicitario que es muy útil como símil fácil de entender (esencial para que tenga cierto efecto humorístico) y en mi opinión es entendible que no esté aún en el diccionario, pues podría dejar de ser popular cuando ya nadie se acuerde del lema publicitario que lo originó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El lema decía &lt;strong&gt;«[Marca comercial], el café de los muy cafeteros»&lt;/strong&gt;. El anuncio mostraba mientros al apuesto y elegante experto de la empresa (bien trajeado o en plan Indiana Jones), seleccionando el mejor grano en el lugar de producción, y finalmente con una taza de café en la mano, te miraba a fijamente y decía «Mi café» con voz de Terminator (su vídeo se puede encontrar fácilmente en Internet, pero no veo adecuado enlazarlo ni citar la marca). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión se hizo famosa, cómo no, por la insistente publicidad durante años. El anuncio asociaba al «muy cafetero», no a alguien «muy aficionado» al café, como dice el diccionario, sino a una mezcla de &lt;em&gt;barista&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;yuppie&lt;/em&gt;, un exclusivo tipo de hombre de negocios exigente, que sabe distinguir y apreciar el sabor del café de calidad superior, solo apto para paladares entrenados.... &lt;em&gt;ergo&lt;/em&gt; si compras esa marca de café (aquí venía  la falacia subliminal de turno) es porque eres de ese selecto grupo de &lt;strong&gt;iniciados, expertos, entendidos&lt;/strong&gt;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El mensaje oculto lo recordaba mejor que el lema, que no era «Solo para los muy cafeteros» como puse inicialmente En cualquier caso, la connotación elitista del mensaje era evidente. Por eso, creo que siempre que la he escuchado (en sentido figurado) podría considerarla un sinónimo de «entendido», y lógicamente también de «aficionado», ya que va implícito (raramente alguien se especializa en un tema que no le interesa) aunque, según el contexto y entonación, quizás alguna vez eso pueda tener una connotación negativa (de la afición a la &lt;strong&gt;adicción&lt;/strong&gt; solo hay un paso...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastEditorUserId="1251" LastEditDate="2018-09-29T04:41:41.893" LastActivityDate="2018-09-29T04:41:41.893" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27507" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-28T20:50:48.343" Score="5" ViewCount="712" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España hay una expresión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No enterarse ni del nodo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que viene a significar &amp;quot;no enterarse de nada&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;no enterarse ni de lo más básico&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;no enterarse de algo que está muy clarito&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de las diferentes acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QZ0uuUk%7CQZ2HrGw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nodo&lt;/a&gt;, entiendo que esta expresión se refiere concretamente al &amp;quot;No-Do&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De No-Do®, marca reg., acrón. de Noticiarios y Documentales.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En las salas de cine de España entre 1943 y 1981, cortometraje documental que se exhibía antes de la proyección de las películas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el No-Do era, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/NO-DO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;citando a wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;un noticiero semanal del régimen dictatorial franquista que se proyectaba obligatoriamente en los cines españoles antes de la película en sí, entre 1942 y 1976, y ya de forma voluntaria, hasta 1981.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que se creó, citando de nuevo a la misma fuente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por acuerdo de la Vicesecretaría de Educación Popular del gobierno [...] «con el fin de mantener, con impulso propio y directriz adecuada, la información cinematográfica nacional»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La parte más relevante de este artículo para para esta pregunta sería la referencia a que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El régimen franquista se sirvió del NO-DO para presentar una visión peculiar de España y del resto del mundo, con escasas posibilidades de contraste por parte de los espectadores; la prensa y la radio estaban censuradas y controladas. [...] Durante su existencia mantuvo la exclusividad en cuanto a los reportajes exhibidos en salas cinematográficas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que se da a entender que más que presentar información para que el público la consuma y saque sus propias conclusiones, se daba esa &amp;quot;directriz adecuada&amp;quot; que tenía &amp;quot;escasas posibilidades de contraste por parte de los espectadores&amp;quot;. En otras palabras, se daba información de una manera muy básica y se marcaba una línea clara de pensamiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que de ahí la expresión &amp;quot;no te enteras ni del No-Do&amp;quot;  significase &amp;quot;no te enteras ni de algo muy claro y básico&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es si, dado que la expresión parece estar estrechamente relacionada con la historia reciente de España en particular&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ¿se entiende o se usa en Hispanoamérica la expresión &amp;quot;no enterarse ni del nodo&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1: A menos que yo esté equivocado sobre el origen de esta expresión.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T13:26:47.900" Title="¿Se entiende en Hispanoamérica la expresión &quot;no enterarse ni del nodo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-09-30T06:14:56.630" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;From time to time I see &lt;em&gt;pedantically wrong&lt;/em&gt; language in online forums and short messages, for example missing diacritics above letters, sometimes including the tilde above &lt;strong&gt;ñ&lt;/strong&gt;. Also there are some places where a single Q appears, and I think it's a short form of &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;quiero saber l q ha pasado (I want to know what happened)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What difference may I anticipate between grammatically correct language and daily/casual typing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T07:57:59.323" Title="What changes can I expect/anticipate in IM chatting or short messages?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5538" CreationDate="2018-09-30T22:47:52.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reviving this old question, I'll focus on the first and main question: &lt;strong&gt;When a sentence contains two verbs with different agents must they be separated by a conjunction (e.g. que)? Or, can the second verb be in the infinitive?&lt;/strong&gt; The answer is: it depends on the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of verbs that can be followed by an infinitive, whereby the infinitive functions as a subordinate with an implicit subject that is transferred from the indirect (or dative) object of the main verb. Among these there are the &quot;verbs of influence&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aconsejar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to advise&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mandar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to command&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;prohibir&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to forbid&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sugerir&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to suggest&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each case, the structure formed by the indirect object plus the main verb plus the infinitive is equivalent to that formed by the same i. o. plus the main verb plus a full subordinate set off by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; in which the subject is the former indirect object and the verb is conjugated in the subjunctive mood (with the tense corresponding to that of the main verb):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;te aconsejo hacer esto&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;te aconsejo que hagas esto&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;le mandé regresar&lt;/em&gt;  = &lt;em&gt;le mandé que regresara&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;nos sugieren esperar&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;nos sugieren que esperemos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zrn4M.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zrn4M.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other types of verbs that work this way, but I'd have no idea how to generalize, and I don't think it would be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's no indirect object then the target of the &quot;influence&quot; of the verb (command, suggestion, prohibition, etc.) can sometimes be understood as generic or impersonal, but is often implied. For example, if you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La mujer fue al médico. El médico sugirió ejercicio y dieta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then it's obvious that the doctor's suggestion of exercise and diet was aimed at the woman, even though there's no indirect object (&lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;) in the second sentence to indicate that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both structures (with infinitive and with &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjunctive) are natural, but which one specifically sounds better is a matter of context. Personally I find both OP's and my own pairs of examples equally OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-01T12:37:09.087" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T12:37:09.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27511" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-01T04:43:32.883" Score="8" ViewCount="302" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MXlpsMD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Letra j y sonido que representa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. En la baraja francesa o el dado de póquer, elemento marcado con una J y que a veces representa la figura de un paje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa entrada también se recogen varias locuciones en las que pasa a tener un significado equivalente a &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ni jota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. pronom. coloq. nada (‖ ninguna cantidad). U. con neg. &lt;em&gt;No sabe ni jota de eso.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sin faltar jota, o una jota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. locs. advs. coloqs. desus. sin faltar una coma.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;una jota&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. Muy poco o nada. La celebración le importaba una jota. U. t. c. loc. pronom. &lt;em&gt;No entendía una jota de matemáticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se ha pasado de las acepciones originales a los significados de &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; en las locuciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-01T08:38:42.557" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T09:05:01.883" Title="¿Por qué &quot;ni jota&quot; equivale a &quot;nada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27511" CreationDate="2018-10-01T07:46:12.350" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante pregunta. Ante estos casos lo que suelo hacer es buscar en diccionarios antiguos a ver hasta dónde llegan estas definiciones, y resulta que en este caso tienen bastante tiempo. Encuentro la siguiente definición en el Terreros y Pando de 1787:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JOTA. Cast. se toma tambien por la particula pequeña de alguna cosa, y es sacado de la expresion del Evanjelio. Fr. &lt;em&gt;Jota&lt;/em&gt;. Lat. &lt;em&gt;I, apex. Al libro que habeis escrito, no le falta una jota, ó un apice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más atrás, en 1706, el diccionario español-inglés de Stevens decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jota. A Jot, a Scrap, a Tittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso que tanto &lt;em&gt;jot&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;scrap&lt;/em&gt; se traduzcan como &quot;pizca&quot; (y &quot;tittle&quot; como &quot;pequeña marca o punto en la escritura&quot;, palabra cognada de nuestra &quot;tilde&quot;), con lo que volvemos a la idea de &quot;algo insignificante&quot; o &quot;nada&quot;, como decías en la pregunta. Y más curioso aún que ya tengamos una traducción de &lt;em&gt;jota&lt;/em&gt; al francés como &quot;jota&quot; y al inglés como &quot;jot&quot;. Aquí se empieza a ver una raíz común. Así que curioseando en diccionarios etimológicos del idioma inglés descubro lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/jot&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;jot (n.)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;the least part of anything,&quot; 1520s, from Latin &lt;em&gt;iota&lt;/em&gt;, from Greek &lt;em&gt;iota&lt;/em&gt; &quot;the letter -i-,&quot; the smallest letter in the Greek alphabet, also &quot;the least part of anything&quot; (see &lt;strong&gt;iota&lt;/strong&gt;). Usually (and originally) with &lt;strong&gt;tittle&lt;/strong&gt;, from Matthew v.18.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traduciendo, que todo viene de que la letra griega &quot;iota&quot;, que da nombre a la nuestra, era la letra más pequeña del alfabeto griego. Y además tenemos aquí la referencia al Evangelio que ya nos advirtió el diccionario de Terreros y Pando. La referencia hace alusión a este versículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En verdad os digo que, hasta que pasen el cielo y la tierra, no pasará una iota ni un ápice de la ley antes de que se haya cumplido todo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mateo 5,18.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y este es el origen de la expresión: hace alusión a la &lt;em&gt;iota&lt;/em&gt; como la letra más pequeña del alfabeto (aunque no por ello menos importante que las demás). Aunque al parecer, no se refería al alfabeto griego, &lt;a href=&quot;https://lp.israelbiblicalstudies.com/lp_iibs_biblical_hebrew_know_the_word_of_jesus_v2-en.html?cid=52972&amp;amp;adgroupid=-1&amp;amp;utm_source=Email_Marketing&amp;amp;utm_medium=The_word_of_Jesus_04_18&amp;amp;utm_campaign=BIB_EN_EML_Word_of_Jesus_2018-04-21_52972&amp;amp;stid=5266860&amp;amp;hash=e50cf8489e78e75cafdf64fb29b6054a&amp;amp;_at=0.3.9666079,0.138169886.z3azwjaajdaudc8uu8&amp;amp;_atscid=3_2483_138169886_9666079_0_Tz3azwjaajdaudc8uu8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sino al hebreo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jesus said that &lt;strong&gt;“not one letter…will pass from the law until all is accomplished” (Matthew 5:18)&lt;/strong&gt;. The original Greek text of the Gospel of Matthew says &lt;strong&gt;“not one iota”&lt;/strong&gt;. The Greek letter iota is derived from the Hebrew letter &lt;strong&gt;yod&lt;/strong&gt;. Its name comes from the Hebrew word &lt;strong&gt;yad (יד)&lt;/strong&gt; meaning “hand”, because it is shaped like a little finger. &lt;em&gt;Yod&lt;/em&gt; is so small that ancient scribes sometimes left it out of words to save space. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traducido: la letra hebrea &lt;em&gt;yod&lt;/em&gt; era tan pequeña que los antiguos escribas solían omitirla para ahorrar espacio. Esta idea de &quot;jota&quot; como &quot;algo pequeño, insignificante&quot; ha perdurado hasta nuestros días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, os dejo con el caso más antiguo de la expresión que he encontrado en el CORDE (y es bastante antiguo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assí que todos los santos que son en el mundo non podrán amansar una jota de la yra de Dios, fasta que sea purificado e alynpiado el santuario [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;San Vicente Ferrer, &quot;Sermones&quot;, 1411-1412 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-01T09:05:01.883" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T09:05:01.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27491" CreationDate="2018-10-01T15:07:28.813" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se ve en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27492/14627&quot;&gt;la respuesta de Diego&lt;/a&gt;, las dos formas del verbo (simple y pronominal) son equivalentes según el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a nivel pragmático (o sea, en el uso real) puede haber diferentes connotaciones. Personalmente el verbo &lt;em&gt;enfrentar&lt;/em&gt; en su forma simple me resulta más &quot;activo&quot; que en la forma pronominal &lt;em&gt;enfrentarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si digo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alice enfrentó a Bob.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la frase me sugiere que Alice fue a buscar a Bob para atacarlo, criticarlo, etc., o que Alice respondió activamente a una agresión de Bob.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alice se enfrentó con Bob.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me sugiere que Alice se vio frente a Bob en una situación agresiva y decidió responderle, o al menos quedarse en su lugar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay verbos que son opcionalmente pronominales y que expresan acciones diferentes según si aparece el pronombre o no. Típicamente la forma simple es transitiva y su objeto directo indica el destinatario de una acción del sujeto, mientras que la forma pronominal es intransitiva y se refiere a un cambio de actitud del sujeto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alice enojó a Bob.&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;Alice se enojó (con Bob).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alice disculpó a Bob.&lt;/em&gt; vs. &lt;em&gt;Alice se disculpó (con Bob).&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque &lt;em&gt;enfrentar&lt;/em&gt; no cambia de significado de esta manera entre sus formas simple y pronominal, es posible que estos otros verbos, donde la forma simple es más &quot;activa&quot; que la pronominal, influya en la diferencia de connotación que se le da a &lt;em&gt;enfrentar&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;enfrentarse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T15:07:28.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27500" CreationDate="2018-10-01T16:28:00.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me volteé y vi [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the verb &quot;voltearse&quot;. You could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Volteé y vi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People tends to abuse of pronominal verbs, though, so you'd get a better translation by using pronominal verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20251" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T16:28:00.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-02T01:34:24.683" Score="7" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Father, he was writing in your notebook.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wouldn't that translate into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Padre, él estaba escribiendo en su cuaderno.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wouldn't that be confusing because it could also read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Father, he was writing in his notebook.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you differentiate the two?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20255" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-07T15:14:02.087" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T05:51:54.433" Title="Using &quot;he/she&quot; and &quot;usted's&quot; possessive pronoun in a sentence" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27516" CreationDate="2018-10-02T02:34:13.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't. There is ambiguity. Without context or further clarification is impossible to know in whose notebook &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; was writing. Ambiguity is an intrinsic characteristic of human conversations and languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use the &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; form you use the conjugation of the third person, not the second, even if &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is used as a polite version of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (thus, second person singular) and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; as a polite version of &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; (thus, second person plural).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained in the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1427/5481&quot;&gt;usted and its usage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usted is grammatically third person&lt;/strong&gt; singular, such a use is called honorific third person [...] Obviously being grammatical 3rd person singular means that the verbs need to be conjugated as 3rd person singular. Also all pronouns must be 3rd person.   &lt;sub&gt; see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1449/5481&quot;&gt;Vartec's answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So indeed is the same pronoun for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; cuaderno padre, el de usted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; cuaderno, el de él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With tuteo insteod of ustedeo, the first one would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tu cuaderno, el tuyo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the sentence wouldn't be ambiguous. But using ustedeo in that specific case or example, there is indeed an ambiguity with the pronouns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-10-02T02:34:13.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27519" CreationDate="2018-10-02T02:46:16.703" Score="7" ViewCount="628" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando palabras de forma aleatoria, vi como en la palabra &lt;em&gt;don&lt;/em&gt; entra la locución &lt;em&gt;don pedro&lt;/em&gt; que remite al sustantivo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E7aV3YB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dompedro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Su significado es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. m. coloq. orinal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el mapa de diccionarios, esta definición aparece en 1925, pero el origen no queda muy claro. ¿De donde procede el origen de este término? ¿En qué países se usa hoy día el mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-02T06:36:24.590" LastActivityDate="2018-10-02T07:32:14.647" Title="Origen y uso del término dompedro" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27518" CreationDate="2018-10-02T07:19:02.577" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues espera que la cosa se pone aún más divertida. La primera vez que aparece la palabra es en el diccionario de la RAE de 1884 con la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dompedro.&lt;/strong&gt; m. Dondiego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bien, habrá que añadir por qué el cambio de nombre de Diego a Pedro a la lista de preguntas a resolver. Sigamos con &lt;em&gt;dondiego&lt;/em&gt; entonces. En 1803 se definía como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DONDIEGO. s.m. Lo mismo que ARREBOLERA por planta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Mande? ¿Arrebolera? Según el diccionario de Autoridades (1726) significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La salserilla ò tacita pequeña en que tienen las mugéres el color roxo que se ponen en la cara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hum. Interesante, pero una &quot;tacita pequeña&quot; no exactamente un orinal, aunque se acerca. Habrá que ver cuándo han ido variando las definiciones. Volvamos a 1803, la definición de &lt;em&gt;arrebolera&lt;/em&gt; (por planta) es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Planta bien conocida en los jardines y otras partes, la qual echa unas flores à modo de...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, esto no es. Callejón sin salida. Volvamos a la definición de &lt;em&gt;dompedro&lt;/em&gt;, que debió tener un significado diferente al de &lt;em&gt;dondiego&lt;/em&gt;. Este nuevo significado entró en el diccionario en 1899:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dompedro.&lt;/strong&gt; m. fam. Bacín, 1ª acep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo &quot;bacín&quot; el &quot;vaso de barro vidriado, alto y redondo, que sirve para recibir los excrementos mayores quando se descarga el cuerpo&quot;. Vale, ahora sí, esta es la acepción que buscamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que recapitulando, tenemos una flor, el dondiego, que también es conocida como dompedro y que acabó dando nombre al orinal (nótese que &lt;em&gt;dondiego&lt;/em&gt; no llegó a tomar este significado). Hora de consultar otras fuentes... vaya, no hay nada en el Fichero General que aclare esto. Y no hay ningún caso de &quot;dompedro&quot; en el CORDE con el significado de &quot;orinal&quot;, no puede ser... ¿La hemeroteca de la BNE? Tampoco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa se está poniendo fea y creo que ante este panorama no nos va a quedar más remedio que especular. Posibilidades que veo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que de alguna forma haya una conexión entre la arrebolera (como &quot;continente del arrebol&quot;) y el orinal, cosa que veo poco probable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que se usaran las flores de dondiego (o dompedro) para disimular el olor depositado en los orinales (tampoco he encontrado nada que establezca esta conexión).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que se llamara &quot;dompedro&quot; al orinal por mera similitud entre estos y las flores de dompedro, como podría parecer según estas capturas:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sMhYt.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sMhYt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Dompedros&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que &lt;em&gt;dompedro&lt;/em&gt; también puede hacer referencia a un mueble, tipo mesita de noche, que albergaba dentro un orinal. Recuerdo que mis abuelos paternos tenían estos muebles en su dormitorio. Sería algo parecido a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1K5T6.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1K5T6.png&quot; alt=&quot;Dompedro u orinal isabelino&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay quien dice que en realidad el nombre &lt;em&gt;dompedro&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a este mueble, y no al orinal en sí, y que se llaman así porque el rey &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_I_de_Castilla&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pedro I el Cruel&lt;/a&gt; fue el primero en utilizarlos (he visto esta afirmación en varios sitios, posiblemente todos copiados de la misma fuente desconocida). No he encontrado nada que lo confirme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-02T07:32:14.647" LastActivityDate="2018-10-02T07:32:14.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27542" CreationDate="2018-10-02T11:05:27.010" Score="8" ViewCount="13853" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know grandfather is &lt;em&gt;Abuelo&lt;/em&gt;, but are there more &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12111/18348&quot;&gt;affectionate terms&lt;/a&gt;? I mean like there's Grandpa, Gramps, Grandpappy, Granddad, etc. in English, which are more informal than grandfather. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something a kid might refer to a favourite Grandpa from Mexico as, I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20256" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-02T15:38:48.080" LastActivityDate="2019-11-23T18:27:52.370" Title="Different ways to say &quot;Grandpa&quot; in (Mexican) Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27520" CreationDate="2018-10-02T16:05:49.810" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know grandfather is Abuelo, but are there more affectionate terms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;strong&gt;using the diminutive form&lt;/strong&gt; of words in Latin American Spanish context is considered a form of affectionate variation. The specific reason, as per my understanding, is that &quot;smaller&quot; things (like little dogs, etc.) tend to inspire protective instincts, as well as a sense of &quot;cuteness&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies to &lt;em&gt;Abuelo&lt;/em&gt;; by saying &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Abuelito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; you are conveying a more affectionate tone to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another variation I've heard is using the word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Papito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; along with your grandpa's name (like, for example, &lt;em&gt;Papito Juan&lt;/em&gt;). This conveys the meaning that, being your father's father, you also consider your grandpa your &quot;papi&quot; (from &lt;em&gt;padre&lt;/em&gt;, which is masculine form of &lt;em&gt;parent&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one I've noticed is &lt;em&gt;common along those cases where your father and grandfather have the same name&lt;/em&gt;, as to avoid confusion when calling or talking to them. That way, you can affectionate refer to both as, i.e.: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Papito Juan&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;Papi Juan&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, for your grandfather and father, respectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20257" LastActivityDate="2018-10-02T16:05:49.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27531" CreationDate="2018-10-02T18:12:37.137" Score="8" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, they use 'manejar' (&quot;to drive&quot;) as the verb describing what the tango leader does to the follower.  I'm now taking classes in salsa caleña (Colombian style salsa), and they don't use 'manejar'.  Someone suggested &quot;llevar&quot;.  Does anyone know what the proper verb is in Colombia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20259" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-02T20:14:54.753" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T08:57:26.533" Title="What verb is used for &quot;leading&quot; a dance in (Colombian) Spanish?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27525" CreationDate="2018-10-02T20:03:46.640" Score="7" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the following sentence in &lt;em&gt;El año del diluvio&lt;/em&gt; by Eduardo Mendoza: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La guardesa depositó la bandeja y se marchó haciendo mohínes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does &lt;em&gt;mohínes&lt;/em&gt; have an accent? According to WordReference the singular is &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt;. As far as I was aware, singular nouns that have a stress on the last syllable – like &lt;em&gt;organización&lt;/em&gt; – lose the written accent in the plural – &lt;em&gt;organizaciones&lt;/em&gt;. This is because in words without a written accent (and ending with a vowel, &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;), the stress is assumed to fall on the penultimate syllable. If &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; followed this rule, then shouldn't the plural be &lt;em&gt;mohines&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encontré la siguiente oración en &lt;em&gt;El año del diluvio&lt;/em&gt; por Eduardo Mendoza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La guardesa depositó la bandeja y se marchó haciendo mohínes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Porqué lleva &lt;em&gt;mohínes&lt;/em&gt; un acento? Según WordReference, el singular es &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt;. A mi entiendo, sustantivos singulares que llevan agudo en la sílaba última – como &lt;em&gt;organización&lt;/em&gt; – pierden el agudo en el plural – &lt;em&gt;organizaciones&lt;/em&gt;. Esto se debe al hecho de que el acento de las palabras sin agudo (y terminado con &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;), cae en la sílaba penúltima. Si &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; cumpliera esa regla, sería &lt;em&gt;mohines&lt;/em&gt; en el plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-18T13:30:49.917" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T13:30:49.917" Title="Why does 'mohínes' have an accent?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;hiato&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27524" CreationDate="2018-10-02T21:13:24.723" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case I think you are (understandably) being misled by the medial &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; is not only mute, but also it doesn't have any effect on &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/812/rules-applied-to-the-separation-of-syllables/&quot;&gt;syllable division&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; So you must imagine &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; would have the same written acute accent if it were written &lt;em&gt;*moín&lt;/em&gt;. It's not the case that the &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; is making &lt;em&gt;-hín&lt;/em&gt; a separate syllable; that is being marked by the acute accent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, &quot;open&quot; vowels &lt;em&gt;a, e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; usually form diphthongs with &quot;closed&quot; vowels &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt;. When they don't it's because the &quot;closed&quot; vowel is stressed, and this stress is always orthographically marked by the acute accent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt; are in &lt;strong&gt;hiatus&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. they don't form a diphthong as they normally would. The acute accent over &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt; marks both stress and the fact that the &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt; is on a different syllable: &lt;em&gt;mo-hín&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mo-hí-nes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you didn't write an acute accent in &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mohínes&lt;/em&gt;, they would be pronounced as &lt;em&gt;moin&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;moines&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. as you would pronounce (in English) &quot;moyn&quot; and &quot;moy-ness&quot;. Again, the &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; is totally irrelevant. The same thing, where the &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; doesn't break the diphthong, takes place in &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2670/why-is-b%C3%BAho-written-with-an-acute-accent-por-qu%C3%A9-lleva-acento-la-palabra-b%C3%BA?rq=1&quot;&gt;búho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; and the same kind of thing that happens with &lt;em&gt;mohín&lt;/em&gt; happens with &lt;em&gt;maíz&lt;/em&gt; (pl. &lt;em&gt;maíces&lt;/em&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;tahúr&lt;/em&gt; (pl. &lt;em&gt;tahúres&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;La presencia de una hache intercalada no exime de la obligación de tildar la vocal tónica del hiato: &lt;em&gt;búho, ahíto, prohíbe.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Adwesaq4ND64VT09xQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD: Tilde&lt;/a&gt; - 2.2.2.b &lt;em&gt;Acentuación de las palabras con hiato&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-02-18T09:58:39.707" LastActivityDate="2020-02-18T09:58:39.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27523" CreationDate="2018-10-03T04:05:51.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Llevar&quot; is not exactly what you want. Something better would be &quot;guiar&quot;, &quot;liderar&quot; or &quot;encabezar&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Encabezar&quot; is the most precise one in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T07:14:19.083" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T07:14:19.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2018-10-03T04:11:19.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Ecuador no se utiliza esa frase. Un ecuatoriano no la entendería y estoy seguro de que tampoco en muchos otros países de Sudamérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T07:14:39.227" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T07:14:39.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27500" CreationDate="2018-10-03T04:14:54.827" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers are good, but a more &quot;precise&quot; translation would be:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Regresé a ver, y vi ...&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Regresé mi mirada y vi....&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Country independent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Miré hacía atrás y ví&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Mire detrás de mi y vi&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastEditorUserId="20261" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T07:04:58.123" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T07:04:58.123" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2018-10-03T08:57:19.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que sí se entendería, por el contexto de la frase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la frase comienza por &quot;no enterarse ni de&quot;. Cualquier cosa que venga después sería deducible como algo que no se es capaz de conocer, incluso si inventáramos una palabra la frase completa nos llevaría a deducir su significado... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No enterarse ni del &lt;em&gt;cópito&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, aunque &lt;strong&gt;cópito&lt;/strong&gt; no exista, podemos intuir el contenido o significado de la frase... Los hispanoamericanos también pensamos, como el resto de los mortales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T13:26:47.900" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T13:26:47.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27523" CreationDate="2018-10-03T08:57:26.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the thesis &lt;a href=&quot;http://200.24.17.74:8080/jspui/bitstream/fcsh/486/3/Garc%C3%ADaManuela_2016_Corporalidadmujerbailesalsa.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La corporalidad de la mujer en el baile de la salsa. El escenario y el bar como lugares de teatralización de la feminidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by the anthropologist Manuela García Arango, of Universidad de Antioquia in Medellín, Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is comprehensive description on the genre roles in the salsa dance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From it we can gather some terminology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The action: &lt;strong&gt;liderar, indicar, dirigir, guiar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The role: &lt;strong&gt;conductor, guía, dirigente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See here some quotes of it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La salsa como muchos de los bailes latinos mantiene una relación de poder entre el rol masculino y femenino donde el primero es quien &lt;strong&gt;crea, lidera e indica los movimientos&lt;/strong&gt; a la mujer mientras esta, completamente dócil y dispuesta, ejecuta las órdenes del hombre. El hombre como mente maestra del baile, debe tener claro que el objetivo es la exhibición de la mujer, es decir, la mujer es mostrada en el baile como objeto de deseo y, como afirma Mulvey, sujeta a la mirada masculina. Sin embargo las bailarinas no mantienen un rol pasivo, ellas actúan de manera que puedan ser deseadas, personificando una feminidad con el fin de llamar la atención de esa mirada masculina. (43)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo a Desmond, el baile como un reflejo de la cultura retrata elementos que la constituyen, por lo tanto, el hecho que sea el hombre quien invite a bailar y el &lt;strong&gt;conductor&lt;/strong&gt; del mismo baile no es fortuito, es una clara representación de una larga tradición patriarcal en la que a lo masculino se le ha otorgado el control de cada situación, mientras la mujer, que socialmente se le ha otorgado el rol de lo sensitivo debe responder a los &lt;strong&gt;direccionamientos&lt;/strong&gt; masculinos desde su cuerpo. (71)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los roles de género reflejan nuevos matices cuando son las mujeres quienes &lt;strong&gt;dirigen&lt;/strong&gt; el baile, ya sea porque el hombre no conoce los códigos y toman el control de la situación o porque deciden bailar con otras mujeres, dado el caso, una de ellas toma el rol de &lt;strong&gt;guía&lt;/strong&gt; mientras la otra responde a las indicaciones de su compañera. (74)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continúa la noche e invito a bailar a mi amigo, debido a su experiencia en el baile conoce bien los códigos pero en este caso yo &lt;strong&gt;dirijo&lt;/strong&gt; el baile, mi cuerpo y mi mente adquieren una disposición de control de la situación, nos ubicamos frente a frente y él espera mi señal, yo pongo mi mano derecha sobre su omoplato y la izquierda toma su mano derecha a la vez que pone su mano izquierda sobre mi hombro e iniciamos el baile. Mi mente y mi cuerpo ya se han hecho uno, la naturalización de los códigos cumple su función y no debo pensar mucho qué pasos deseo hacer pues la energía que pasa por mis manos los indica con firmeza y mi compañero dispuesto, sigue cada una de mis indicaciones. En este momento es él quien se luce en medio de los giros que le indico. La gente nos observa, claramente no es “natural” que sea el hombre quien gire constantemente y sea el exhibido, esa es la función tradicional de la mujer, no obstante continuamos bailando, disfrutamos la transgresión. Sigo atenta al ritmo de la música para encontrar los movimientos adecuados, de repente inicia el mambo de la canción, que corresponde a la descarga instrumental tan común en la salsa, suelto entonces sus manos y los cuerpos se mueven frente a frente con libertad, cada uno se deja llevar por la música con fuerza y energía para responder a la demanda de los instrumentos, en ese momento recupero los códigos femeninos y muevo todo mi cuerpo enfatizando en mis pies y caderas como siempre se me inculcó en los procesos de aprendizaje, frente a frente bailamos hasta que termina la descarga, inmediatamente tomo mi rol de &lt;strong&gt;dirigente&lt;/strong&gt; y de nuevo le indico los movimientos próximos a seguir, pasos de salsa caleña, giros de porro, no hay una reglas que censuren nuestros movimientos mientras se encuentren dentro del ritmo de la canción y el conteo de la salsa que ya tenemos mecanizado 1, 2, 3... 5, 6, 7...). La canción termina y volvemos a nuestra mesa. (76)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado los cuerpos de las bailadoras responden a un habitus que se refleja en las relaciones de género de la sociedad, así las cosas, estas mujeres responden en el baile social al estereotipo de docilidad mientras el hombre se constituye como la mente que &lt;strong&gt;controla&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;guía&lt;/strong&gt; el baile. (86)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T08:57:26.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27533" CreationDate="2018-10-03T10:53:42.667" Score="7" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mucha gente utiliza &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt; pare traducir &lt;em&gt;to scale&lt;/em&gt; en el contexto de las gráficas digitales. A mi me parece una mala traducción ya que en el castellano &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt; me hace pensar en &lt;em&gt;escalar una montaña.&lt;/em&gt;  Me gustaría utilizar &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt;, solo que los correctores de texto parecen no reconocer la palabra   &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20089" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T11:27:46.333" LastActivityDate="2019-10-22T23:45:33.917" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;scaled&quot; en el contexto de las gráficas digitales" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27532" CreationDate="2018-10-03T12:03:29.693" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este es un caso curioso, si buscamos el verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G6T25Xg%7CG6TYQPC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escalar&lt;/a&gt;, no existe ninguna acepción que se refiera a cambiar las dimensiones de algo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto puede llevar a creer que solo se trata de un &quot;false friend&quot; que por alguna razón ha acabado siendo aceptada por la comunidad, pero no nos podemos olvidar de la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G67txjD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;escala&lt;/a&gt;, cuya séptima acepción dice lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Tamaño o proporción en que se desarrolla un plan o idea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto yo creo que el hecho de que aceptemos &lt;em&gt;escalar&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;redimensionar&lt;/em&gt; sea una consecuencia tanto del false friend como de haber convertido el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;escala&lt;/em&gt; en un verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T12:30:19.123" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T12:30:19.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-03T16:35:38.417" Score="6" ViewCount="1939" Body="&lt;p&gt;A la película en idioma inglés titulada &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1454029/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Help&lt;/a&gt;&quot; le dieron 2 traducciones para el idioma español. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para España se llama &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Help&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Criadas y señoras&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Para Hispanoamérica es &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Help&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historias cruzadas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tienen que ver esos títulos con la expresión &quot;The Help&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿&quot;The Help&quot; se podría traducir como &quot;La ayuda&quot; o &quot;La asistencia&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;¿O será que &quot;The Help&quot; es algún tipo de modismo?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguna idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta problemática proviene de las empresas encargadas de la distribución y promoción de películas en España y los países de Hispanoamérica, las cuales  escogen, vaya a saber con qué criterio, unos títulos que poco o nada tienen que ver con el título original y además tampoco hay unidad de criterio ya que escogen títulos diferentes si la película se exhibe en España o si es en los países hispanoamericanos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T02:29:49.840" LastActivityDate="2018-10-07T16:40:39.853" Title="¿Cómo debería traducirse correctamente el título de la película &quot;The Help&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27538" CreationDate="2018-10-03T17:41:22.970" Score="6" ViewCount="7562" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English it's simple &quot;let's meet&quot; or &quot;let's meet up&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, even after having done a research, I can't figure out which one is correct and appropriate for an invitation to a date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;nos vemos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vamos a encontrarnos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vamos a quedarnos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vamos a reunirnos&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;???&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which? When is used each one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, my question is not how to say  &quot;let's have tea together&quot; and not &quot;let's go out&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T02:01:57.810" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T02:01:57.810" Title="How to say &quot;let's meet&quot; as an invitation to a date?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27535" CreationDate="2018-10-03T18:13:28.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;I can't figure out which one is correct and appropriate for an invitation to a date&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it depend on how you are meeting the other parties. I would rather use&amp;quot;reunámonos&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;vamos a reunirnos&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reunámonos&lt;/strong&gt; el viernes para tratar este tema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this one doesn't imply &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; you are meeting (like, in person or using Skype, FaceTime or the like).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Veámonos&amp;quot; could imply to meet physically, but not necessarily. The context could imply you meet online. I would not use &amp;quot;Encontrémonos/encontrarse&amp;quot; because this one could imply &amp;quot;to meet in person&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=F91pW7R&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Encontrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de dos o más personas o cosas: &lt;strong&gt;Hallarse y concurrir juntas a un mismo lugar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could understand that this could be a virtual space, but the first meaning of &lt;em&gt;encontrar&lt;/em&gt; (to find), still carries strong connotations with this word. After all, you don't say &amp;quot;let's find each other somewhere&amp;quot; as you say &amp;quot;let's meet each other somewhere&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The option &amp;quot;quedemos/quedarse&amp;quot; could be another good option to imply &amp;quot;to meet somehow&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T18:40:10.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27535" CreationDate="2018-10-03T18:29:20.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia es común escuhar la expresión &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hagamos una reunión&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, como también &quot;&lt;strong&gt;vamos a reunirnos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La reunión puede ser presencial o virtual (por ejemplo usando herramientas comos Skype) o mixta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ejemplo:     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hagamos una reunión para fijar las fechas de entrega  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vamos a reunirnos para discutir el alcance  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T18:29:20.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27535" CreationDate="2018-10-03T18:45:48.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, it's clear that the verb is &lt;strong&gt;Quedar&lt;/strong&gt;, and the usual sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres quedar para ... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Liek for example,  Do you want to have a tea together? You'd say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quieres quedar a tomar un té?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quieres que quedemos para tomar un té?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or just with quedar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Quedamos para tomar un té?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperative &quot;quedemos&quot; sounds kind of &quot;too formal&quot;, it's better to say it as above, as as suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one works out with friends and with relationships, so it's very widely used, at least in Spain, where I live. Any friend must frequently ask you one of those sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also what you say after being introduced to a girl (or boy) you love. When you've already talked for a while. You'd use those sentences to invite her (or him) to have some drinks, or to go somewhere, or whatever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sum, it's definitely the one you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T18:45:48.410" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27534" CreationDate="2018-10-03T22:39:31.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sustantivo inglés &lt;em&gt;help&lt;/em&gt; no sólo significa &quot;ayuda&quot; o &quot;asistencia&quot; sino también, en ciertas colocaciones, &quot;servidumbre&quot;. En particular, la frase nominal &lt;em&gt;the help&lt;/em&gt; usada sin modificadores y en su debido contexto sólo puede significar eso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;help&lt;/em&gt; funciona en este caso como un colectivo. Por lo tanto traducir &lt;em&gt;The Help&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;La servidumbre&quot; sería la opción más correcta. Como título para una película quizá no suene tan bien pero es cuestión de gustos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba pensando en usos de la expresión y recordé uno muy gracioso que aparece en la segunda película de &lt;em&gt;Los locos Addams&lt;/em&gt;. Merlina (Wednesday en el original) está de campamento y le llega una carta de la familia avisándole que el tío Lucas (Fester en el original) va a casarse con la niñera (que el matrimonio Addams contrató para cuidar a su hijo menor, Pubert). Esto es terrible para Wednesday porque la niñera es una trepadora y además... amor, pero otra de las niñas parece horrorizada más bien por la diferencia de clase. Me da la impresión que &lt;em&gt;the help&lt;/em&gt; tiene un tono levemente peyorativo en cualquier caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wednesday:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the worst thing that has ever happened in the&#xA;  history of human events. Uncle Fester's getting married.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gary:&lt;/strong&gt; A wedding? But that's great news!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amanda:&lt;/strong&gt; To whom?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wednesday:&lt;/strong&gt; The nanny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amanda:&lt;/strong&gt; Get out of the cabin. I mean, I'll kill myself. &lt;em&gt;The help?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Becky:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm sure she's a very nice lady.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amanda:&lt;/strong&gt; I think that's disgusting. I think their whole family's like&#xA;  some weird medical experiment. I think they're like, circus people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T22:39:31.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27535" CreationDate="2018-10-03T22:58:56.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the translation will depend very heavily on which version of Spanish do you speak. For example, I am Cuban, and there it is not very common to say &quot;Vamos a quedarnos&quot; or &quot;Vamos a quedar&quot;. In the island is more common to say &quot;Vamos a vernos&quot;. But aside from which translation is more used by region, any of the following is perfectly correct and very neutral (in the sense that you will be understood in virtually any Spanish-speaking country):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Reunámonos / Vamos a reunirnos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2) Juntémonos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3) Vamos a vernos / Veámonos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;4) Vamos a encontrarnos / Encontrémonos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use &quot;Nos vemos&quot; because that's like a farewell in many countries, and you don't want to say Goodbye, you just want to arrange a date of some sort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20266" LastEditorUserId="20266" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T23:14:23.683" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T23:14:23.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27535" CreationDate="2018-10-04T00:49:56.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about other places, and I'm also not certain this is still up to date, but some years ago there was a standard code phrase for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres tomar un café?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a tomar un café, ¿sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's vaguely in the future:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vamos a ponernos de acuerdo para tomar un café un día de estos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was analogous to the opening move in a chess game.  The invitation for coffee was the opening gambit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T00:58:53.400" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T00:58:53.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27520" CreationDate="2018-10-04T01:11:51.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico, there are two common choices for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abuelito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're both extremely common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T00:35:27.193" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T00:35:27.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27534" CreationDate="2018-10-04T08:21:14.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según aparece en el Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/help&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the help&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; old-fashioned&#xA;​&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a person or the people employed to work in someone's home doing&#xA;cleaning, cooking, caring for children, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ES: Persona o personas empleadas para trabajar en la casa de alguien limpiando, cocinando, cuidando a los niños, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y consultando el Oxford&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/help&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;help&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A domestic employee. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;ES: Un empleado &lt;strong&gt;doméstico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el lado español, consultando el diccionario de la R.A.E tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XhXvJqs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;servicio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Conjunto de criados o sirvientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;servicio doméstico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;El servicio&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; sea lo más preciso y más ajustado al original inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y además entroncaría con un clásico del cine español &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%A1C%C3%B3mo_est%C3%A1_el_servicio!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¡Cómo está el servicio!&lt;/a&gt; protagonizado por Gracita Morales y dirigido por Mariano Ozores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;                                               &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V9olb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V9olb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;¡Cómo está el servicio!&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por estudiar otras opciones, en la R.A.E encontramos las siguientes definiciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BFq6HFr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;criado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que sirve por un salario, y especialmente la que se emplea en el &lt;strong&gt;servicio doméstico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=416WFrl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;asistente, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Esp. Mujer que trabaja haciendo tareas &lt;strong&gt;domésticas&lt;/strong&gt; en una casa sin residir en ella y que cobra generalmente por horas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8RxyimD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chacho, cha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. coloq. sirvienta (mujer que sirve como criada).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que esta última está marcada como coloquial, así que yo la descartaría pues no parece que &amp;quot;The help&amp;quot; se corresponda con ese matiz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que (Las) Asistentas o (Las) Criadas, serían igualmente válidos como traducción, ya sería tarea de los de marketing elegir el título más atractivo e incluir o no el determinante. Yo me quedaría con &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Criadas&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, no muy alejado del que se escogió en España para la película.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, yo descartaría &amp;quot;Las Kellys&amp;quot; principalmente porque su trabajo no se corresponde con los personajes protagonistas de la película, las cuales trabajan en casas particulares mientras que las Kellys identifican a trabajadoras de piso en hoteles.&#xA;Además &amp;quot;help&amp;quot; en &amp;quot;The help&amp;quot; no se corresponde con un apelativo coloquial ni un sobrenombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La última palabra entre ambas opciones, &amp;quot;Criadas&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;El servicio&amp;quot;, la tendría la autora original del libro, Kathryn Stockett. Dada la historia, puede que estuviera de acuerdo en resaltar que sus protagonistas son mujeres; ya que &amp;quot;servicio&amp;quot; incluye una serie de empleos usual y tradicionalmente representados por hombres como mayordomo, jardinero o chofer, que no tienen presencia en la obra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T11:23:02.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27549" CreationDate="2018-10-05T04:12:21.240" Score="3" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to learn Spanish, mostly from apps and Pimsleur tapes, so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'm trying to work my way through my first book - a Spanish translation of &lt;em&gt;The Hobbit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Moon+Reader on Android, so I have fast access to Google Translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second paragraph starts with &quot;Tenía una puerta redonda, perfecta como un ojo de buey, pintada de verde, con una manilla de bronce dorada y brillante, justo en el medio.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Much of that I could follow, but &quot;como un ojo de buey?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like an eye of a what? Google translates &quot;buey&quot; as &quot;ox&quot;. And then &quot;ojo de buey&quot; as &quot;bullseye&quot;, which makes sense. But it translate &quot;como un ojo de buey&quot; as &quot;like a porthole&quot;. Which is Tolkien's original English text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can see how a translator might give &quot;like a bullseye&quot; for &quot;like a porthole&quot;, if there wasn't a good word for &quot;porthole&quot;. But would any Spanish speaker read &quot;como un ojo de buey&quot; as &quot;like a porthole&quot;, or would they see it as &quot;like a bullseye&quot;, and Google's algorithms treated this specific match as being more general than it should have? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19033" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T06:50:15.850" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T15:13:07.173" Title="&quot;Perfecta como un ojo de buey&quot;? How smart is Google Translate?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27547" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-05T04:28:54.657" Score="4" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si a alguien le encanta el café, se le puede decir &quot;cafetero.&quot;  ¿Hasta dónde este mecanismo se puede extender?  Yo pienso que se puede decir &quot;Soy muy juguero&quot; (me encanta tomar el jugo), &quot;Mi hermano es súper telefonero&quot; (a mi hermano le encanta usar el teléfono a cada rato), etc.  Alguien me comentó aquí que &quot;cafetero&quot; sí, &quot;juguero&quot; y &quot;telefonero&quot;, etc., no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto, y se pueden construir este tipo de palabras de manera general?  Si no, ¿cuándo sí y cuándo no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T04:35:03.403" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T11:06:57.863" Title="¿Cuáles son los límites en el uso del sufijo &quot;-ero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27546" CreationDate="2018-10-05T06:56:53.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;An &quot;ojo de buey&quot; is just a circular window in Spanish. So I guess the translation should be something like &quot;perfectamente redonda cual ojo de buey&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, I can say that you should absolutely not rely on Google translations to learn Spanish. Yes, I am quite often amazed with the quality of the translations that service provides, but if you do not know both languages perfectly, you will not know when the service is fooling you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the more text you specify as input for Google translator, the better it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original&lt;/strong&gt;: It had a perfectly round door like a porthole, painted green, with a shiny yellow brass knob in the exact middle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automatic translation&lt;/strong&gt;: Tenía una puerta perfectamente redonda como un ojo de buey, pintado de verde, con un pomo de latón amarillo brillante en el centro exacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I would have written&lt;/strong&gt;: Tenía una puerta perfectamente redonda cual ojo de buey, pintada de verde, con un pomo amarillo de latón brillante justo en el centro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some minor differences, which I explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Como un ojo&quot;/&quot;cual ojo&quot;: &quot;como un&quot; sounds more modern while &quot;cual&quot; sounds more archaic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Puerta&quot; is a feminine word, so it should be &quot;pintada&quot; instead of &quot;pintado&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my opinion &quot;yellow&quot; relates to the color of the knob and not of the brass, while &quot;shiny&quot; does relate to the brass, so that's why I say &quot;pomo amarillo de latón brillante&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;En el centro exacto&quot; sounds somewhat mathematical to me, so I'd rather say &quot;justo en el centro&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is what the official Spanish translation by Manuel Figueroa says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenía una puerta redonda, perfecta como un ojo de buey, pintada de verde, con una manilla de bronce dorada y brillante, justo en el medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the &quot;redonda, perfecta como un ojo de buey&quot; part was the official translation after all... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T15:13:07.173" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T15:13:07.173" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27546" CreationDate="2018-10-05T07:03:40.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the dictionary of the Real Academia Española, &quot;ojo de buey&quot; can have four very different meanings, but without doubt the most common is &quot;circular window&quot;, like the usual windows in hulls of ships and exploration submarines, that almost always are of this form because is structurally much more resistant. Clearly their origin is a simile, but so common that any Spanish speaker will not &quot;visualize&quot; mentally that expression as an &quot;animal eye&quot; but directly as a &quot;circular window&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1251" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T07:03:40.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27547" CreationDate="2018-10-05T11:06:57.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No creo que puedan construirse palabras con &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; en este sentido de manera general porque el uso parece bastante limitado, pero eso es una cuestión del tipo de &quot;qué vino primero, el huevo o la gallina&quot;: si no es natural usar &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; de esta forma, es porque no se usa así en muchas palabras, pero no se usa en muchas palabras porque no suena natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de las palabras a las que se añade este &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; designan aficiones socialmente bien reconocidas: el fútbol, el café, la cerveza. El caso de &lt;em&gt;juguero&lt;/em&gt;, que OP menciona, no es muy reconocido, pero por mi parte lo encuentro totalmente natural; no así &lt;em&gt;telefonero&lt;/em&gt;, donde la relación entre la palabra y el significado, si uno no la escuchó antes, es un poco más difícil de hacer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hablando de aficiones, en Argentina se le dice también &lt;em&gt;motoquero&lt;/em&gt; (no &lt;em&gt;*motero&lt;/em&gt;) al miembro de la subcultura de las motocicletas (= inglés &lt;em&gt;biker&lt;/em&gt;). Pero por otro lado &lt;em&gt;bicicletero&lt;/em&gt; es una persona que repara bicicletas o una estructura de metal para atarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras de estas palabras en &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; no se refieren a aficiones sino a rasgos o tendencias de carácter: en mi dialecto se dice &lt;em&gt;liero&lt;/em&gt; a una persona que tiende a complicar las cosas o a causar problemas (hacer lío o líos), &lt;em&gt;teatrero&lt;/em&gt; al histriónico, al que sobreactúa o hace un drama de situaciones que no lo ameritan; la generación de mis padres dice &lt;em&gt;espamentero&lt;/em&gt; al que gusta de hacer &lt;em&gt;espamento&lt;/em&gt; (= &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=43PdSYt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aspaviento&lt;/a&gt;). De las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=16miGim&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agorero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; no me consta que se use habitualmente ninguna salvo la primera, que también es un rasgo de carácter: el pesimista que siempre está prediciendo desgracias. Me da la impresión de que esta forma de usar &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; es un poco más productiva que la que se refiere a aficiones, pero la verdad es que semánticamente están muy cerca una de otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En fin, creo que el uso de &lt;em&gt;-ero&lt;/em&gt; para indicar rasgos de carácter puede extenderse hasta cierto punto para indicar aficiones, pero no cualquiera, sino alguna afición (o actividad, o subcultura) que esté bien reconocida y delimitada socialmente o quizá ritualizada, como tomar café o cerveza, o el fútbol u otro deporte masivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T11:06:57.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27552" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27553" CreationDate="2018-10-05T15:23:49.847" Score="2" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hojeando mi ejemplar de &quot;El hobbit&quot; encuentro el siguiente texto en el preámbulo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las runas eran letras que en un principio se escribían mediante cortes o incisiones en madera, piedra o metal. En los &lt;strong&gt;díeste&lt;/strong&gt; relato los Enanos las utilizaban con regularidad, especialmente en registros privados o secretos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro la palabra &quot;díeste&quot; ni en el DLE ni en el CORDE. ¿Qué quiso decir pues el traductor con esta palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9568" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T18:33:33.670" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T11:52:58.503" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;díeste&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27552" CreationDate="2018-10-05T15:42:18.233" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría ser una errata, pequeño hobbit. En otras versiones dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las runas eran letras que en un principio se escribían mediante cortes o incisiones en madera, piedra, o metal. En los &lt;strong&gt;días&lt;/strong&gt; de este relato los Enanos las utilizaban con regularidad,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quieroleer.com.ar/libros/el-hobbit/1.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;quieroleer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idem para otras fuentes/versiones como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wattpad.com/596795121-el-hobbit-%0D-j-r-r-tolkien&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wattpad&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursehero.com/file/14248364/JRR-Tolkien-El-Hobbit/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coursehero&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busca parte del texto por Internet sin incluir &amp;quot;díeste&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T15:42:18.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27534" CreationDate="2018-10-05T20:44:32.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema aquí es que el título en inglés tiene un doble sentido que resulta difícil traducir al castellano.  Lo que están haciendo con estas traducciónes para España y para América Latina es tratar de captar el tema de la película de otra forma que traducir literalmente el nombre del inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés &quot;The Help&quot; puede significar &quot;responsable doméstico&quot; por un lado y &quot;ayudar&quot; por otro.  El segundo sentido simbológicamente podría respresentar la ayuda que dan más allá de las labores domésticas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implícitamente, los títulos creados en español (&quot;Criadas y señoras&quot; y &quot;Historias cruzadas&quot;) representan el tema de la película lo cual es la vida cruzada de criadas y señoras.  El título de España es más directo mientras el de Hispanoamérica es más simbológico, y representa un deseo de no ofender las sensibilidades hispanoamericanas con referirse a &quot;Criadas&quot; como es película norteamericana. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siempre hay que recordar que es importante poner atención al &quot;marketing&quot; cuando creando el título de una película...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T20:56:49.810" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T20:56:49.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2018-10-05T22:22:31.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sounds normally characterized as voiced stops in Spanish, /b/, /d/ and /g/, each have two &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;allophones&lt;/a&gt; (contextual variants), as you have noted. One is pronounced as a true stop (the one you call &quot;strong&quot;), while the other (the &quot;soft&quot; one) is pronounced as a weak fricative or an approximant, and sometimes &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elision&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;elided&lt;/a&gt; (dropped). This kind of weakening is called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lenition&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. For the most part the &quot;strong&quot; allophones are found at the beginning of words or after another consonant, especially nasals and liquids (/r/ and /l/). This varies with dialect, but we need not concern ourselves with the specifics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Word-initial voiced stops remain always strong, moreover, only when the word is pronounced in isolation or with special care (e.g. when the speaker wants to emphasize them). If there is a word ending with a vowel before it, the word-initial voiced stop will be lenited just as if it were inside the word and surrounded by vowels. In your example, &lt;em&gt;«cada dos semanas»&lt;/em&gt;, the initial /d/ in &lt;em&gt;dos&lt;/em&gt; will always be &quot;soft&quot;, because &lt;em&gt;cada&lt;/em&gt; is a function word that always gets attached to the next word, so it's as though you had pronounced &lt;em&gt;*cadadós&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt; as in French; no new sound is appearing to link the two words (&lt;em&gt;enchaînement&lt;/em&gt;). But depending on the analysis, it can be considered a related kind of change. French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt; makes a &quot;hidden&quot; consonant appear at the boundary between two words when two vowels would otherwise come into contact; Spanish lenition changes the &lt;strong&gt;quality&lt;/strong&gt; of a consonant in that same environment. The effect in both cases is to soften the transition between the vowels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are differences, though. French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_(French)#Impossible_liaison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;takes into account grammatical factors&lt;/a&gt; that Spanish lenition doesn't. In Spanish, if there are two vowels with a voiced stop in between and no forced pause is inserted, then the voiced stop will weaken, always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained elsewhere, /b/, /d/ and /g/ all become lenited in certain contexts. When I say /b/ that's the sound that you'll find written as &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt;, which are pronounced the same (no matter what anyone might tell you: &lt;strong&gt;they mean the same sound, always&lt;/strong&gt;). And /g/ you can of course find written as &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;gato, gota, gula&lt;/em&gt;) or as &lt;em&gt;gu&lt;/em&gt; before &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; (as in &lt;em&gt;guerra, guitarra&lt;/em&gt;); not the same as the &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;gel&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;gil&lt;/em&gt; (which sounds the same as &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;). All of these can weaken to the point of disappearing altogether between vowels in some dialects and in fast speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a particular case that you might run into, having to do with &quot;S-aspiration&quot;. The sound /s/ is sometimes &quot;aspirated&quot;, pronounced [h] (like an English &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;) when syllable-final. This aspiration is also a kind of lenition or weakening, and it can also turn into elision (the sound is dropped altogether). But this weakening or disappearance is normally avoided, when the sound /s/ is at the end of a word, if the next word begins with a vowel. This is in fact rather similar to French &lt;em&gt;liaison&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a speaker might pronounce &lt;em&gt;«los patos»&lt;/em&gt; as [lohpátoh], aspirating the two /s/ sounds; but in &lt;em&gt;«las águilas»&lt;/em&gt; they will pronounce [lasáγilah] ([γ] = lenited /g/). And &lt;em&gt;«los patos y las águilas»&lt;/em&gt; would come out as [lohpátosi lasáγilah] (since &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; = /i/, a vowel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very simplified explanation of actual S-aspiration in Spanish. Some dialects do not have it and others do different things with it, but that's the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-06T13:38:35.227" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T13:38:35.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27552" CreationDate="2018-10-06T11:47:29.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece una errata clara e incluso una traducción poco ajustada si la comparamos con el original en inglés [consultado a través de Google Books]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Runes were old letters originally used for cutting or scratching on&#xA;  wood, stone, or metal, and so were thin and angular. At the time of&#xA;  this tale only the Dwarves made use of them, especially for private or&#xA;  secret records.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que no aparece específicamente la palabra &lt;strong&gt;días&lt;/strong&gt; - que me parece correcta emplear en este caso, ya que queda mejor que &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;momento&lt;/em&gt;, literariamente hablando - , pero tampoco ocupa su lugar arcaísmo alguno. Destacar que el traductor omite que &lt;strong&gt;solo&lt;/strong&gt; los enanos las usaban y añade de su cosecha un &lt;strong&gt;regularidad&lt;/strong&gt; que no aparece en el original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-10-06T11:52:58.503" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T11:52:58.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27559" CreationDate="2018-10-06T17:28:00.833" Score="2" ViewCount="841" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saw this sign outside a small convenience store in Argentina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;se aceptan tarjetas de credito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &quot;aceptan&quot; is obviously the third person plural conjugation of &quot;aceptar&quot;, I thought the pronoun &quot;se&quot; refers to the impersonal third person singular. Do I miss something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12152" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T23:21:25.940" Title="Can the pronoun &quot;se&quot; refer to plural?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27557" CreationDate="2018-10-06T20:26:55.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se can refer to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd person singular formal (usted)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd person plural formal (ustedes) [regions with vosotros]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;2nd person plural informal (ustedes) [regions without vosotros]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;3rd person singular (él, ella)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3rd person plural (ellos, ellas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T20:26:55.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27557" CreationDate="2018-10-06T23:21:25.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se&lt;/em&gt; doesn't distinguish number; it works both as singular and plural. In this it's different from other pronouns that form their plural with &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; (there's &lt;em&gt;los, las, les&lt;/em&gt; but there's no &lt;em&gt;*ses&lt;/em&gt;). In this particular example &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; refers to the third person plural, agreeing with &lt;em&gt;aceptan&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tarjetas de crédito&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the second person pronouns &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; work grammatically as if they were third person, &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; can also refer to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note well,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;se aceptan tarjetas de crédito&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; an impersonal phrase, but one of the kind called &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;reflexive passive&quot;). It is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;«Tarjetas de crédito son aceptadas»&lt;/em&gt;, only that would be rather an unnatural way of expressing the idea. There are a couple of questions addressing the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/16175/differences-between-passive-se-and-impersonal-se&quot;&gt;difference between impersonal and passive&lt;/a&gt;, which is sometimes hard to spot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-06T23:21:25.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26232" CreationDate="2018-10-08T09:33:09.973" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado haciendo recopilación de datos, dado que este caso parece realmente curioso, y con lo que he recabado creo que puedo plantear una teoría. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por un lado, los primeros casos de la palabra son relativamente recientes no solamente en español, sino también en los idiomas que nos rodean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El primer caso que he encontrado en español es de 1764, como ya expresé en los comentarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/eureka&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Merriam-Webster&lt;/a&gt;, el primer caso en inglés es de 1603.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/eureka&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CNRTL&lt;/a&gt;, el primer caso en francés es de 1821.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/eureka&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etymologiebank&lt;/a&gt;, el primer caso en neerlandés es de 1847, y además asegura que el primer caso en inglés es de 1570.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, en la literatura española las referencias al propio Arquímedes aparecen también todas de golpe durante el siglo XVI, encontradas en el CORDE buscando &lt;em&gt;Archimedes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Archímedes&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Arquímedes&lt;/em&gt;, con una muy leve referencia de un texto de finales del siglo XV (1481, un texto de Antonio de Nebrija que solo cita su nombre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el siguiente paso fue averiguar el por qué de esto. Resulta que el texto que habla de Arquímedes, sus tratados, principios y la historia del origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;Eureka&lt;/em&gt; se escribió dos siglos después del supuesto hecho, que es lo que hace que la historia sea en parte leyenda. Dicho texto es el &lt;em&gt;De architectura&lt;/em&gt;, escrito por el ingeniero militar y arquitecto romano Marcus Vitruvius Pollio entre los años 30 y 15 antes de Cristo. Recordemos que Arquímedes vivió entre los años 287 y 212 AC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según cuenta la &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_architectura#Survival_and_rediscovery&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia en inglés&lt;/a&gt;, el hecho de que hoy en día se conozca este texto fue gracias al &lt;em&gt;scriptorium&lt;/em&gt; de Carlomagno, dado que los manuscritos actuales se basan en la copia allí conservada. A estas copias tuvieron acceso algunos sabios dado que eran de acceso público, pero no recibieron mucha atención hasta el siglo XV. En 1414 la obra de Vitruvio fue &quot;redescubierta&quot; por el humanista florentino Poggio Bracciolini, quien encontró una copia en Suiza en la abadía de San Galo. La obra fue dada a conocer y a finales de siglo, en 1486, se publicó una primera edición impresa, a la que siguió una que incluía ilustraciones en 1511.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de esta obra fue ya cuestión de tiempo que los estudiantes con acceso a la obra descubrieran la historia de la corona de Arquímedes y comenzaran a usar la interjección &lt;em&gt;Eureka&lt;/em&gt;. La primera edición en español se publicó en 1582, gracias a Miguel de Urrea y Juan Gracián.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T09:33:09.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26669" CreationDate="2018-10-08T10:05:17.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De las posibles acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3LepWPi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apurar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que se leen en el diccionario (y que no están marcadas como &quot;poco usadas&quot; o &quot;en desuso&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Acabar o agotar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Extremar, llevar hasta el cabo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Averiguar o desentrañar la verdad ahincadamente o exponerla sin omisión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Afligir, acongojar o preocupar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Apremiar, dar prisa. En Am., u. m. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Molestar a alguien de modo que se enfade o pierda la paciencia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yo diría que las más usadas son la 1, la 2, la 4 y la 5. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede apurar un vaso de vino (acabarlo o agotarlo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se puede apurar el tiempo de un examen (alargar el examen hasta llevarlo al final del plazo permitido).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puedes ir apurado para no llegar tarde a clase (apremiar, darse prisa).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puedes estar apurado por haber llegado tarde a clase (afligido, preocupado).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esa acepción 3 la verdad es que me extraña que no haya sido marcada como &quot;poco usada&quot;, dado que es casi igual de vieja que su acepción original, que sí lo está:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. p. us. Purificar algo separando lo impuro o extraño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos a NTLLE, ya Covarrubias definía la palabra en 1611 con la misma primera acepción que luego usa el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1726):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Purificar y limpiar de excrementeos y de la matéria crassa alguna cosa: como la plata, oro, y otros metáles, acrisolándolos, y purgándolos de las heces que tienen, para que queden acendrádos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así queda claro por qué se dice &lt;em&gt;a + purar = hacer puro&lt;/em&gt;. Su primera acepción metafórica es evidente, y equivale a la actual acepción 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Metaphoricamente es averiguar y llegar à saber de raíz y con fundamento alguna cosa: como apurar una noticia, un cuento, una mentira, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valga como ejemplo este refrán que también recoge el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quien las cosas mucho apúra, no tiene vida segúra. Refr. que enseña evitar la curiosidád desordenada en saber cosas ajénas, para no caer en perniciosos inconvenientes, que trahe este vicio al mismo que de él se vence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que no recuerdo haber visto en la actualidad este uso de &lt;em&gt;apurar&lt;/em&gt; por ninguna parte. Puede que sea cuestión de tiempo que el DLE marque esa acepción 3 como &quot;poco usada&quot;, o puede que solo se use en registros cultos. Ningún caso de todos los que me aparecen en el CREA refleja este significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-09T04:13:58.890" LastActivityDate="2018-10-09T04:13:58.890" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-08T10:07:51.857" Score="2" ViewCount="562" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being a native speaker of English, and having a reasonably large English-language vocabulary, especially for words of Latin origin, and having studied Latin in high school, I tend to be reasonably good at being able to guess the meaning of Spanish words I haven't seen before. However, I tend to struggle a bit with morphemes, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ción&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any frequency lists which list morphemes by how frequently they are used, with examples of their usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried looking at the tag &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/sufijos&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;sufijos&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;sufijos&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/prefijos&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;prefijos&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;prefijos&lt;/a&gt; and searched for &quot;morfema&quot; and &quot;morpheme&quot; on this site, and also searched the page &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23617/resources-for-learning-spanish-recursos-para-aprender-espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;Resources for learning Spanish / Recursos para aprender espa&amp;#241;ol&lt;/a&gt; for any mention of morphemes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="442" LastEditorUserId="442" LastEditDate="2018-10-08T10:17:55.693" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T11:29:54.943" Title="Frequency list for morphemes" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27564" CreationDate="2018-10-08T11:29:54.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found a great list of Spanish morphemes in this document full of examples.&#xA;Frequency of use is not mentioned but I think it would be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link belongs to the high school I.E.S.Séneca, in Córdoba, Spain. No author is explicitly mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iesseneca.net/iesseneca/IMG/pdf/PREFIJOS_SUFIJOS_E_INTERFIJOS.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.iesseneca.net/iesseneca/IMG/pdf/PREFIJOS_SUFIJOS_E_INTERFIJOS.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T11:29:54.943" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27567" CreationDate="2018-10-08T15:16:27.913" Score="2" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where does the expression like &quot;Que tengas un buen dia&quot; and similar ones come from? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the full expression of it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;(I hope) que (tu) tengas un buen dia&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;tengas&lt;/code&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; form for &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-10-08T15:36:44.637" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T16:21:15.733" Title="Subjunctive form in the expressions for wishing luck to someone and similar ones" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27566" CreationDate="2018-10-08T16:21:15.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of expression (&lt;em&gt;que tengas...&lt;/em&gt;) can indeed be thought of as a short form of a explicit wish (&lt;em&gt;espero que tengas...&lt;/em&gt;), but they are not analyzed like that by the native speakers. That is, we speakers of Spanish don't usually perceive these expressions as the shortened forms of longer full sentences. They are more like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interjection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interjections&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, the meaning of &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjunctive is not always one of wish or hope. It can also be an advice or a command. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que te vea un médico.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Let a doctor see you.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the third person, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; + subjunctive is indeed the form that substitutes for the imperative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que venga a verme.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Let him/her come to see me.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T16:21:15.733" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23221" CreationDate="2018-10-09T16:51:48.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay que ver todo el poema para entenderlo y no solo un verso. Es un poema que narra la vida de Santo Domingo de Silos. Y lo escribe en el idioma que en ese momento hablaba el pueblo llano (de esta manera la gente humilde lo entendería) y no en el culto latín.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Un vaso de buen vino es toda la recompensa que pide por su trabajo. En la Rioja es típico después del trabajo bien hecho brindar con un buen vino. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20299" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T07:03:36.250" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T07:03:36.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27516" CreationDate="2018-10-10T05:51:54.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @Diego says, there is ambiguity. In the case of Mexico, in many places, it is very common to use the third person singular as honorific. In other places, however, it is quite uncommon so it tends to be much confusion. To prevent doubt, many people will add the clarification even if it is not asked for or the context provides enough information. In the case of the central states of Mexico, however, the article (i.e. el, la los, las) is not included so a common phrase would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;su cuaderno de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, el estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;sus cosas de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely if &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; was writing in &lt;em&gt;his own&lt;/em&gt; notebook one would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;su cuaderno de el&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, es estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;sus cosas de el&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a true third person is referred the sentence would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;su cuaderno de mi madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, el estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;sus cosas de mi madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although in the seek of syntactic purity one could argue that this form is to be avoided; the fact is that the cultural component is very strong. In many families, the proper way to address own parents, elders or even any unfamiliar person is to use the third person singular possessive. Although purists would disagree, I consider this form of speech as proper especially if I know that the person family background will compel them to use such form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative form that avoids the repeated possessive is to omit &lt;em&gt;&quot;su&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&quot;sus&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in the sentences and put an article where the possessive would be. So, the alternate examples are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;el cuaderno de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, el estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;las cosas de usted&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;el cuaderno de el&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, es estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;las cosas de el&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Padre, el estaba escribiendo en &lt;strong&gt;el cuaderno de mi madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Padre, el estaba buscando entre &lt;strong&gt;las cosas de mi madre&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T05:51:54.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27577" CreationDate="2018-10-10T14:34:22.430" Score="2" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo una entrevista a Julio Anguita me encontré con la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dos años antes de mis problemas cardiovasculares reuní a mis colaboradores más cercanos en una cena. Les planteé que &lt;strong&gt;yo ya había dado de sí&lt;/strong&gt; todo lo que podía dar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elespanol.com/opinion/20180930/julio-anguita-cataluna-presos-politicos-venezuela-comunes/341467142_0.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Julio Anguita: &quot;Los de Cataluña son presos políticos; los de Venezuela, presos comunes&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. El Español, 30 septiembre 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me picó la curiosidad que dijera &lt;em&gt;yo ya he dado de sí&lt;/em&gt; y no &lt;em&gt;he dado de mí&lt;/em&gt;. Efectivamente la locución es &lt;em&gt;dar de sí&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XmOP8Ia%7CXmQKxT2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de sí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YqlzSAz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de suyo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;de suyo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    1. loc. adv. Naturalmente, propiamente o sin sugestión ni ayuda ajena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me pregunto: ¿sería correcto, aunque sea originariamente (esto es, antes de que la locución lo convirtiera en un todo), crear esta construcción haciendo coincidir la persona con el objeto a que representa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T15:38:57.737" Title="¿Es correcto en algún caso decir &quot;dar de mí&quot; en lugar de &quot;dar de sí&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-10T14:53:00.307" Score="3" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which of the two below is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1: Me gusta correr y esquiar.&#xA;2: Me gustan correr y esquiar.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18622" LastActivityDate="2018-10-14T19:59:50.380" Title="Use singular or plural third person for gustar + multiple infinitives" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27575" CreationDate="2018-10-10T15:03:51.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Infinitives technically agree in the singular, no matter how many are chained together.  The reason is a rather complex and not guaranteed (in certain contrastive situations they may still be considered as plural, and that is even more likely so preverbally).  This is not unique for &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, in fact, but true for any verb or adjective that needs to agree with some infinitives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T15:03:51.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27574" CreationDate="2018-10-10T15:38:57.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La acepción que equipara «de sí» a «de suyo» no es la que se aplica en este caso. Por el contexto se entiende que Anguita está hablando de dar de sí mismo, es decir, de su fuerza, su voluntad, etc., antes empleadas en participar en contiendas electorales. No habla de dar algo (¿qué cosa?) &quot;por sí mismo, sin ayuda ni sugestión&quot;. Más bien parecería que todo lo contrario, hasta el punto de que la reunión que menciona parece una oportunidad para excusarse ante quienes esperan algo más de él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión Anguita está simplemente empleando mal la frase, que debería ser «había dado de &lt;strong&gt;mí&lt;/strong&gt;». Él o quien transcribe la entrevista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que más que «dar de sí» la expresión debería aparecer como «dar de uno (mismo)», pero en el DLE no hay una acepción específica. Sería un uso paralelo al de «dar (algo) del propio bolsillo (de uno)».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T15:38:57.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27578" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-10T15:46:14.760" Score="7" ViewCount="641" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across examples online that use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as well as examples that use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender en&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are both examples below gramatically correct?  And if so, when is it &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender de&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and when is it &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender en&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender de:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;depender de algo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;todo depende de lo que decida el juez&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;depender de alguien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;depende de ti&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;depender en:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por tanto, estamos empezando a preocuparnos, una vez más, por depender en mayor medida de Rusia en el futuro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Va a depender en algún momento su adhesión del veto de alguno de los países que ahora son candidatos?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Además , será preciso depender en gran medida de las operaciones aéreas de abastecimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18622" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-11T06:54:04.103" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T06:54:04.103" Title="When to use &quot;en&quot; vs. &quot;de&quot; after the verb &quot;depender&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27578" CreationDate="2018-10-10T16:26:50.780" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Depender en&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is not a grammatical phrase. &lt;em&gt;Depender&lt;/em&gt; goes with &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. What you have found are instances of &lt;em&gt;depender de&lt;/em&gt; in which other phrases come in between &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. This is perfectly correct and very common. &lt;em&gt;Depender de&lt;/em&gt; is not an inseparable fixed phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all your examples with &lt;em&gt;depender en&lt;/em&gt;, the preposition &lt;em&gt;en&lt;/em&gt; is part of a complement that you could in principle delete...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por tanto, estamos empezando a preocuparnos, una vez más, por &lt;strong&gt;depender&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;s&gt;en mayor medida&lt;/s&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; Rusia en el futuro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or move:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por tanto, estamos empezando a preocuparnos, una vez más, por &lt;strong&gt;depender de&lt;/strong&gt; Rusia en mayor medida en el futuro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this other example not one but two things come between &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; (marked with [square brackets]): a complement of time (&lt;em&gt;en algún momento&lt;/em&gt;) and the subject (&lt;em&gt;su adhesión&lt;/em&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Va a depender [en algún momento] [su adhesión] del veto de alguno de los países que ahora son candidatos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As above, you could move things around so that &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt; is followed immediately by &lt;em&gt;de(l)&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Su decisión va en algún momento a &lt;strong&gt;depender de&lt;/strong&gt;l veto de alguno de los países que ahora son candidatos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, Spanish allows for a lot of movement within the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do these things come in between the verb &lt;em&gt;depender&lt;/em&gt; and its dependent phrase headed by &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;? Well, because they can, and because it sounds better or more natural sometimes. You could have something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dependemos para lograr este objetivo, a causa de la situación actual, en gran medida y por un plazo de tiempo indefinido, de...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the verb and &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; are separated by several long complements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T21:54:41.743" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T21:54:41.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27581" CreationDate="2018-10-10T19:05:27.697" Score="6" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if there are feminine and masculine versions of every adjective or noun like &quot;Genio&quot; and &quot;Enfadado&quot; ( Which are masculine I think ) and if not how are they used for opposite genders?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20308" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-10T20:55:38.850" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T07:23:19.897" Title="Are there feminine and masculine versions for every adjective and noun?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27580" CreationDate="2018-10-10T20:36:59.067" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there are personal nouns in Spanish which are the same for masculine and feminine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3ryMAo1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;artista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona que cultiva alguna de las bellas artes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you'll see it has the &lt;code&gt; m. y f.&lt;/code&gt; (masculino y femenino) in all its entries. You can have other examples like &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TUUD7eg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;poeta&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZfWvJyK&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;testigo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Srhdevx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pianista&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;. These are called &amp;quot;sustantivos invariables en género&amp;quot;. These are &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8295/5481&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;gender-neutral&amp;quot; nouns&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would have the same for some adjectives like &amp;quot;amable&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella es guap&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; y amable, pero él también es guap&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; y amable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gramaticas.net/2012/05/ejemplos-de-adjetivos-invariables.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;adjetivos invariables&lt;/a&gt;. Some other examples: feliz, idiota, inteligente, obediente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T20:44:14.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3796" CreationDate="2018-10-10T21:25:29.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Diccionario de americanismos has different meanings on tigre for Dominican Republic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tigre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tigre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;II.   1.  m-f. Cu, RD, Co, Ve, Ec, Bo, Py, Ar; Ur, p.u. Persona muy hábil en alguna actividad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;III.  1.  m-f. RD. tíguere, persona golfa.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2.  RD. tíguere, persona cuya identidad se desconoce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I for instance found this sentence in &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=tigre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La fiesta del Chivo&lt;/a&gt; (2000), by Mario Vargas Llosa, which is based in Dominican in the 60s:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trujillo, en un viaje a Estados Unidos, se enteró de que el pimpollo de los afiches era un tíguere domicano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the usage of 'tíguere' instead of 'tigre', which is also used &lt;a href=&quot;https://casadecampoliving.com/es/diccionario-dominicano-tiguere/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in Diccionario Dominicano&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Tiguere” se utiliza para definir a una persona oportunista, tramposa o astuta, es aquel individuo que tiene un buen repertorio de habilidades para manejar muchas situaciones. Que no se deje engañar facilmente y que siempre ve o busca ventaja en las cosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T21:25:29.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27584" CreationDate="2018-10-11T02:04:05.573" Score="6" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure out how to say how something/someone has done something or has had something happen to them in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how to put this properly, so here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A string has to vibrate so that a sound can be created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how I would write this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una cuerda tiene que reverberar asi que un sonido puede ser creado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did I use 'creado' correctly?  If I wanted to say a subject had been hit, or had been created, how do I take the verb golpear or crear and transform it into 'had been hit/created'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20284" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T06:12:35.040" Title="How to say a verb has 'acted' on something" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27583" CreationDate="2018-10-11T03:30:00.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/impersonal-se-vs-passive-se&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;impersonal “se” constructions&lt;/a&gt; often serve the same purpose as the passive voice. Two literal translations of your sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una cuerda tiene que vibrar para que se pueda crear un sonido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una cuerda tiene que vibrar para que pueda crearse un sonido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a more idiomatic sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una cuerda debe vibrar para poder producir un sonido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A string must vibrate to be able to produce a sound&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20310" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T03:30:00.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27583" CreationDate="2018-10-11T06:12:35.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that what you're looking for is the Spanish equivalent of the English &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/past-participle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;past participle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the form of a verb, usually made by adding -ed, used in some grammatical structures such as &lt;strong&gt;the passive and the present perfect&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That equivalent is the &lt;strong&gt;participio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S0EdlKH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;participio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. Forma no personal del verbo, asimilada frecuentemente al adjetivo en su funcionamiento gramatical, que es susceptible de&#xA;  recibir marcas de género y número y de participar en la &lt;strong&gt;formación de&#xA;  pasivas y otras perífrasis verbales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;participio activo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Gram. participio que funciona como adjetivo y que se refiere al sustantivo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;como agente de la acción verbal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; p. ej., asomada en La niña&#xA;  está asomada a la ventana.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've highlighted in bold the part that matches what you have stated in the title of your question: &lt;strong&gt;a verb has 'acted' on something&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;creado is the participio of the verb crear&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;golpeado is the participio of the verb golpear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @arielCo has pointed the right translation of &quot;so that&quot; in your phrase is &quot;para que&quot;, &quot;así que&quot; is not idiomatic in your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T06:12:35.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27580" CreationDate="2018-10-11T07:23:19.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adjectives must match in gender and number with the noun they modify; therefore, all adjectives have masculine and feminine form. Nevertheless, some adjectives are invariable, meaning that the masculine and feminine forms are the same. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El edificio azul --- La casa azul&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for nouns referring to people, some of them have masculine and feminine forms, which, again, can be the same or not. So we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable: &lt;em&gt;El conductor&lt;/em&gt; --- &lt;em&gt;La conductora&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invariable: &lt;em&gt;El artista&lt;/em&gt; --- &lt;em&gt;La artista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But some other nouns only have one form, which can be used for men and for women. Take into account that, in Spanish, grammatical gender has a strong correlation with sex, but does not always match. Some nouns, referring to people, which have only one gender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judit Polgar fue un genio precoz del ajedrez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tom Cruise es una estrella de cine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Polgar is a woman and Cruise, a man, but you can use a masculine noun for her and a feminine one for him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T07:23:19.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27588" CreationDate="2018-10-11T11:26:01.690" Score="6" ViewCount="3761" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;tontolaba&lt;/em&gt; es, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-tontolaba/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según parece&lt;/a&gt;, un insulto proveniente de la expresión &quot;tonto del haba&quot;, usada para designar a aquel a quien le toca el haba en el roscón de Reyes y, por tanto, le toca pagarlo. No viene en el diccionario de la RAE, pero ha hecho algunas apariciones curiosas incluso en el cine: en la película de &lt;em&gt;Ponyo en el acantilado&lt;/em&gt; en un momento dado uno de los personajes pronuncia muy despacio la palabra &quot;oobaka&quot; (&quot;grandísimo tonto&quot; en japonés) y el traductor, viendo el esquema vocal &quot;o-o-a-a&quot; y por mantener la coherencia con el movimiento de los labios, decidió traducirla (muy acertadamente según mi opinión) como &quot;tontolaba&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE aparecen algunos casos, siendo el más antiguo de 1984:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] se desternillaba de risa el tío Jotero criticando al tontolaba y jactancioso de Cristóbal el Caguetas [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andrés Berlanga, &quot;La gaznápira&quot;, 1984 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la hemeroteca de la BNE el texto más antiguo que la usa es de 1975, y en Ngram encuentro uno de 1968:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] les dijo el tontolaba ese, que yo era un muerto de hambre [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José Alberto Martín Morales, &quot;Carril de un cuerpo&quot;, 1968 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la duda que me entra es que si la expresión proviene de ahí, en algún momento anterior a 1968 tendría que haber quedado registrado algún uso de &quot;tonto del haba&quot;, pero no encuentro ninguno. Hay algunos en la hemeroteca pero son de 1986 el más reciente, y ya me cuestiono si no habrá sido al revés y &quot;tonto del haba&quot; se ha formado desde &quot;tontolaba&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunto pues: ¿realmente viene &quot;tontolaba&quot; de &quot;tonto del haba&quot;? ¿Es posible encontrar registros que confirmen este origen? ¿O hay alguna otra explicación para el origen de la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: como dice &lt;em&gt;murder of crows&lt;/em&gt; en comentarios, se usa también la forma &lt;em&gt;tontolava&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, solo encuentro casos escritos así en la hemeroteca de la BNE y en textos a partir del 2003.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T06:15:55.523" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T06:15:55.523" Title="¿De dónde viene &quot;tontolaba&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27587" CreationDate="2018-10-11T14:18:51.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE hay algunas fichas sobre la palabra, que demuestran que en 1952 ya se usaba la palabra al menos en la región de Pamplona. En una de ellas, del &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario navarro&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Iribarren&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;José María Iribarren&lt;/a&gt;, se puede leer lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TONTOLABA. Dícese de la persona muy tonta, muy imbécil: «Eres un tontolaba». Alfonso Reta comenta que esta voz proviene, según comunicación por escrito que recibió del Dr. Lapesa, de «tonto (del) haba», con posible influencia del «rey de la faba», con que se designaba en la edad media al hombre que por sorteo (de ahí «la faba», el haba empleada para sortear) tenía que hacer burlescamente de rey en una diversión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, parece que sí, que &quot;tontolaba&quot; viene de &quot;tonto del haba&quot;, aunque no me queda claro si esto tiene algo que ver con el roscón de Reyes o con algún otro tipo de sorteo. El doctor Lapesa del que habla el texto es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Lapesa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rafael Lapesa&lt;/a&gt;, filólogo y miembro de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por cierto, me acabo de dar cuenta de que la expresión original sí viene en el diccionario, aunque un poco escondida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JuuLons#DJf4EIk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;del haba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. U. para intensificar la expresividad de la voz &lt;em&gt;tonto&lt;/em&gt;, a la que sigue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-11T14:26:53.670" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T14:26:53.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-11T15:02:58.340" Score="0" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a mathematician (johnbcosgrave.com). Earlier this year I started to study Spanish through Future Learn (futurelearn.com). I want to obtain audio recordings of Spanish authors (e.g. Antonio Muñoz Molina, whose 'La noche de los tiempos' I have read in English translation) or poets (e.g., Pablo Neruda, whose 'Veinte Poemas de Amor y una Canción Desesperada' - with his reading on CD - I bought in Valencia last month). I have tried internet searches, but with little success. I would very much appreciate any pointers. ¡Muchas gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20304" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T15:02:58.340" Title="audio readings of Spanish poetry" Tags="&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-10-11T16:17:45.360" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-12T00:36:54.147" Score="5" ViewCount="1402" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a good summary of the uses and differences between related verbs in Spanish, specifically &lt;em&gt;caminar, andar, pasear, pasar y recorrer&lt;/em&gt;, though there may be others I am unaware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As example, consider the phrase, &quot;I walked around the mall for 20 minutes&quot; . It seems like &lt;em&gt;pasear&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;recorrer&lt;/em&gt; might be the best use for this specific case.  Is that true?  And what are some good examples that demonstrate the specific common uses of these verbs, especially when they are related and could be translated as the verb &quot;walk&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18622" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-10-12T20:02:24.237" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T20:02:24.237" Title="Differences between caminar, andar, pasear, pasar, recorrer, and others" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27590" CreationDate="2018-10-12T11:53:46.540" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each of the verbs that you've mentioned has several (or many) meanings, but let's focus on the contrasts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caminar&lt;/em&gt; means to walk, i.e. to move with one's feet. There are figurative uses of this verb that don't imply that, but for the most part &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; means your legs are moving. It's (generally) an intransitive verb, so you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella camina&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;She walks&quot;), no specific beginning or end implied, no direction given;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella camina hacia el puerto&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;She walks toward the port&quot;), which indicates a direction and/or an intended goal;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella camina hasta el puerto&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;She walks [up] to the port&quot;), specifying the endpoint of the movement;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella camina desde su casa hasta la escuela&lt;/em&gt;, with both starting and ending points; etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some transitive uses of &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt;: you can say &lt;em&gt;caminar las calles&lt;/em&gt;, which has a connotation of work or effort or dedication (if not you'd say &lt;em&gt;caminar por las calles&lt;/em&gt;). Note the direct object of &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; refers to the place being walked upon (e.g. the streets). There's no direct equivalent to the English &quot;to walk the dog&quot;; you say &lt;em&gt;(sacar a) pasear al perro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andar&lt;/em&gt; can often be substituted freely for &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/14792/14627&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;), but it's more generic, as it actually serves for any manner of motion (if you don't specify, it's understood that the motion is on foot). It's also intransitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some usages where &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; means about the same as &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;; these have nothing to do with motion but more with the idea of imprecise location, &quot;to be around&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andar&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/15627/using-andar-for-to-function&quot;&gt;also means &quot;to work properly&quot;, &quot;to function&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, generally said of machines or mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasear&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to go around for fun or distraction&quot;. It doesn't imply any specific means of locomotion. If not specified the default is on foot. You can &lt;em&gt;pasear a pie&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;pasear en automóvil&lt;/em&gt;. This verb is intransitive if it's the subject that does the movement (&lt;em&gt;Ella pasea por el parque&lt;/em&gt;), transitive if the subject makes the object move (&lt;em&gt;Ella pasea a los niños&lt;/em&gt;). Related to this difference in transitivity, compare the idioms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sacar a pasear&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;sacar de paseo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to take someone out for a walk&quot; (it sounds a bit as if by force);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Salir a pasear&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;salir de paseo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;to go out for a walk&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note &lt;em&gt;paseo&lt;/em&gt; can mean both &quot;a walk, a stroll&quot; and &quot;an excursion&quot;. The idea in any case is that &lt;em&gt;pasear&lt;/em&gt; or a &lt;em&gt;paseo&lt;/em&gt; don't usually have a specific goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pasar&lt;/em&gt; has several related meanings: &quot;to go past&quot;, &quot;to go through&quot;, &quot;to go somewhere in the midst of doing other things&quot;, etc. In this sense it's intransitive. By itself it means &quot;to pass, to go by&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She went by.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella ya pasó.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She went by already; she was already here and is elsewhere now.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general you use &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt; followed by a prepositional phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó por mi casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She called in at my house; she came by and then left.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó frente a mi casa.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She went by the front of my house (she didn't call in but just went past)&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó bajo el puente.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She crossed behind the bridge.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are transitive usages of &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt;. The ones that refer to movement mean &quot;to make something go along/across/through something else&quot;; mark the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó su mano por la pared.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She slid her hand across the wall.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella pasó su mano por la tubería.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She slid her hand in through the pipe.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recorrer&lt;/em&gt; is always a transitive verb. It means &quot;to go around&quot;, with the connotation of visiting and observing or inspecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella recorrió las instalaciones.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She went around (for a tour of) the facilities.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella recorrió todo el Lejano Oriente.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;She went around (travelled) the whole Far East.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note there's no preposition; you can't say &lt;em&gt;*Ella recorrió por el país&lt;/em&gt;, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference on the matter of motion verbs, this Wikipedia article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_framing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;verb framing&lt;/a&gt; might be useful to you. It's not a reference of Spanish verbs but it highlights an important difference with motion verbs in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-12T13:26:48.747" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T13:26:48.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27590" CreationDate="2018-10-12T13:34:42.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another interesting use of andar is a substitution with estar.  It can be used as a present progressive construction.  For example, &quot;estoy trabajando&quot; can also be with a slightly different meaning, &quot;Ando trabajando.&quot;  The latter tends to imply the desire to not be interrupted or the fact that you may be interrupted while doing the activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T13:34:42.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27597" CreationDate="2018-10-12T18:54:50.120" Score="2" ViewCount="1957" Body="&lt;p&gt;How come does &lt;code&gt;no hace falta&lt;/code&gt; mean &quot;there's no need/necessity&quot; and the like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the logic behind the meaning? &lt;code&gt;no hace falta (si no haces nada)/(si no pasa nada)&lt;/code&gt;? == &lt;strong&gt;nothing wrong happens&lt;/strong&gt; (if you refrain from doing that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-10-12T20:13:09.373" LastActivityDate="2018-10-14T13:30:38.983" Title="What's the logic behind the expression &quot;no hace falta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27596" CreationDate="2018-10-12T21:13:01.480" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hace falta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is just a form of the phrase &lt;em&gt;hacer falta&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to be necessary&quot;. The logic behind it is that &lt;em&gt;falta&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;lack&quot;. When something is needed, you can say that something makes or causes a lack, or something is an instance of lack. If you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no hace falta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then that literally means (something) does not make or cause a lack; it's not lacking, and therefore not needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no tone of judgement in this phrase; &lt;em&gt;no hace falta&lt;/em&gt; can be used to tell someone off, or to spare them unneeded work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T21:13:01.480" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27575" CreationDate="2018-10-13T17:46:55.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the two below is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: Me gusta correr y esquiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2: Me gustan correr y esquiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only sentence (1) above is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to expand on what guifa correctly answered, below are some sources and examples which confirm that coordinated infinitives in subject position will take a singular verb unless they are presented as contrasting with each other:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=XEVeLzVZaD6CG25cW5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Si los elementos coordinados son gramaticalmente neutros, como infinitivos, oraciones sustantivas o pronombres neutros, el verbo va en singular: «No creo que &lt;strong&gt;sumar y restar sea&lt;/strong&gt; lo suyo» (Sierra Regreso [Esp. 1995]) [...]; pero si los elementos neutros coordinados se conciben o presentan en el enunciado como realidades diferenciadas, contrastadas o enfrentadas, el verbo irá en plural: «&lt;strong&gt;Informar y opinar son&lt;/strong&gt; los dos fines específicos y diferenciales del periodismo» (MtzAlbertos Noticia [Esp. 1978]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum15/secciones/estudios-24.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum15/secciones/estudios-24.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Dos o más infinitivos, como neutros que son, concuerdan en singular, como en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Madrugar, hacer ejercicio, y comer moderadamente, es&lt;/strong&gt; provechosísimo para la salud.” (Bello 1981: 503)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(According to the author, the verbs &lt;em&gt;getting up early, doing exercise&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;eating healthily&lt;/em&gt; form a single idea and thus agree with the verb in the singular. However, if the verbs are nominalized by means of an article, they agree with the verb in the plural:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;El madrugar, el hacer ejercicio, y el comer moderadamente son&lt;/strong&gt; provechosísimos para la salud.” (Bello 1981: 503)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As guifa said, the position of the verb may dictate which form, singular or plural, will be adopted even if the infinitives are opposites, as is the case with &lt;em&gt;lazing around&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;learning&lt;/em&gt;. If the infinitives precede the verb, the verb will take the plural form, but the singular may be used if they follow it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Holgazanear y aprender son&lt;/strong&gt; incompatibles”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“No &lt;strong&gt;se compadecía tener&lt;/strong&gt; oración &lt;strong&gt;y andar&lt;/strong&gt; tan llena de imperfecciones y faltas” (Yebes, Vida de Santa Teresa, I, 6)[RAE 1973: 391). (Here, &amp;quot;compadecían&amp;quot; could also be used. However, in the examples below only the singular is grammatically correct:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Me &lt;strong&gt;gusta&lt;/strong&gt;/*gustan &lt;strong&gt;bailar y cantar&lt;/strong&gt;.” (&amp;quot;gustan&amp;quot; is incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;Es&lt;/strong&gt; imposible/*son imposibles &lt;strong&gt;holgazanear y aprender&lt;/strong&gt;.” (&amp;quot;son&amp;quot; is incorrect)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-14T19:59:50.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27600" CreationDate="2018-10-13T18:36:01.623" Score="7" ViewCount="470" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently in highschool Spanish III, so I am rather ignorant of the language as a whole. I learned that &quot;comenzar&quot; means, roughly, &quot;to begin&quot;, and &quot;empezar&quot; means, roughly, &quot;to start&quot;. In English there is not much of a difference between those two translations, so I am wondering if there is any specific explanation for what context &quot;comenzar&quot; is used in and what context &quot;empezar&quot; is used in (or if they are used purely interchangeably). Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo en espanol tres en mi escuela, y yo no hablo mucho espanol. Yo aprendo &quot;comenzar&quot; es &quot;to begin&quot; en ingles y &quot;empezar&quot; es &quot;to start&quot;. En ingles no mucho diferencia en los verbos. Yo quiero conocer la diferencia a &quot;comenzar&quot; y &quot;empezar&quot;. Es los verbos mismo? Gracias, y disculpame para mi mal espanol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20323" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T09:56:49.717" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T09:56:49.717" Title="What is the difference (if any) between &quot;comenzar&quot; and &quot;empezar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27599" CreationDate="2018-10-13T19:18:16.310" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference whatsoever in meaning or grammar between &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt;. They are totally interchangeable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look around for more data on this, you'll find that this very same question is found everywhere in language learning forums and the like, and even in language forums for Spanish native speakers. Some point out a few minimal differences: for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=35334&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;It seems&lt;/a&gt; people don't ever use &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; in those parts of the United States that were formerly colonized by Spanish missionaries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A video tutorial for Portuguese learners of Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4JugiawuV8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;comments&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; is seen as more formal or literary than &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; in e.g. Argentina.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A language website &lt;a href=&quot;http://xn--portal-espaol-skb.es/Alumnos.php?id=3&amp;amp;type=1&amp;amp;number=46&amp;amp;lang=esp&amp;amp;ll=esp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;also says&lt;/a&gt; that in Spain &lt;em&gt;comenzar&lt;/em&gt; is definitely bookish so they prefer to use &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt; in speech.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In doubt, it might be wiser to try &lt;em&gt;empezar&lt;/em&gt;. But the differences are so minimal and so dependent on context and dialect that you can discount them. If you're ever in the position to speak Spanish naturally with natives, you'll automatically begin using the verb they use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-13T19:18:16.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27609" CreationDate="2018-10-14T04:56:37.790" Score="5" ViewCount="2530" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently a Junior in High School in Washington State taking Spanish 2, and my teacher last year was from Argentina.  She always pronounced &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; like &lt;code&gt;/ʒ/&lt;/code&gt;, but my teacher this year who is from Washington pronounced them like   &lt;code&gt;/y/&lt;/code&gt;.  There have been some other minor pronunciation differences, but rather than settling for one of these I would like to learn to pronounce words in Spanish like those in Spain, the country it originated in, rather speaking it in a dialect that has experienced colonial lag.  I am not asking just for the &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;, I would like to know if there is a comprehensive list for all the major pronunciation rules, such as how to pronounce &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt; as in &lt;code&gt;vino&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; (possibly others that I cannot think of).  Thank you if you can help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intento de traducción a español.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualmente soy estudiante de secundaria en la escuela secundaria en el estado de Washington cursando Español 2, y mi maestro el año pasado fue de Argentina. Ella siempre pronunciaba &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;/ʒ/&lt;/code&gt;, pero mi maestro de este año, que es de Washington, los pronunció como &lt;code&gt;/y/&lt;/code&gt;.  Ha habido algunas otras diferencias menores de pronunciación, pero en lugar de centrarme únicamente en  esto, me gustaría aprender a pronunciar las palabras en español como el de España, el país en que se originó, más que en un dialecto que ha experimentado una variación colonial. No estoy preguntando sólo por la &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; y la &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;, me gustaría saber si hay una lista completa para todas las reglas de pronunciación principales: cómo pronunciar &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt; en &lt;code&gt;vino&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;rr&lt;/code&gt; (y posiblemente otros que no se me ocurre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21250" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-10-14T13:22:14.010" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T16:52:42.390" Title="What are the pronunciation rules for Castilian Spanish?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;educación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27596" CreationDate="2018-10-14T13:30:38.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to Pablo's excellent answer, the noun falta 'lack' (which by the way also means 'shortage; mistake; fault, defect') is derived from the verb faltar 'to be missing/absent', 'to be lacking, to be needed', 'to lack, not have enough', and 'to insult, be rude, foul' (in sports)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20327" LastActivityDate="2018-10-14T13:30:38.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27603" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27604" CreationDate="2018-10-14T22:02:51.920" Score="3" ViewCount="1564" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this link I find several phrases that can be used for &quot;I wish&quot;, and using the example given I would have expected the translation of &quot;I wish my Spanish were better&quot; would be &quot;Desearía que mi Espanol fuera mejor&quot;.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ask&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ask&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in looking up precisely that phrase on a forum, most people suggested &quot;Ojalá mi español fuera mejor&quot;.  Can anyone explain why you'd prefer &quot;ojalá&quot; over &quot;desearía&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20328" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T02:51:52.493" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T02:51:52.493" Title="Why use &quot;ojalá&quot; rather than &quot;desearía&quot; when saying &quot;I wish my Spanish were better&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27603" CreationDate="2018-10-14T22:15:25.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't find &quot;ojalá&quot; (a word of Arab origin) to be superior to &quot;desearía&quot; or even to &quot;me gustaría/querría&quot; (I'd like), but only a little more colloquial. You also have the less usual &quot;Si tan solo...&quot; (which we we usually punctuate with an elision or exclamation mark to emphasize the unlikelihood of your wish coming true).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these options are fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ojalá mi español fuera mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desearía que mi español fuera mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me gustaría que mi español fuera mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Querría que mi español fuera mejor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si tan solo mi español fuera mejor... / ¡Si tan solo mi español fuera mejor!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-10-14T22:21:49.943" LastActivityDate="2018-10-14T22:21:49.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27616" CreationDate="2018-10-14T23:21:30.813" Score="2" ViewCount="1956" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I want to bring up the fact that somebody missed something done on purpose, how would I say that in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;The ending was bad. Everybody died!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;That's the point&lt;/strong&gt;. It showed the horror of war.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17319" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T08:29:06.737" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T18:28:35.257" Title="How do you say &quot;that's the point&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27605" CreationDate="2018-10-14T23:28:40.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You do have the same sentence in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ese es el punto. (Also: Ese es el objetivo.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can say things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A eso apunta. (That's what it points to.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T10:33:16.733" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T10:33:16.733" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27611" CreationDate="2018-10-15T03:13:38.733" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this sentence on &lt;strong&gt;rhinospike&lt;/strong&gt; but it doesn't sound right to me as I have never seen it used this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer un viaje a Florida este verano. &lt;sub&gt;I want to take a trip to Florida this summer.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why wasn't a verb like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;coger&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; used instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T09:25:43.073" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T15:36:29.770" Title="Can 'hacer' mean &quot;to take&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27610" CreationDate="2018-10-15T04:21:31.893" Score="3" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an election where I live, and the ballot is in English and Spanish. Each candidate's current profession is listed under their name, in both languages. One caught my attention for how long it was in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steve Poizner&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Party Preference: None&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Preferencia de Partido: Ninguna&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Businessman/Non-Profit Director&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Empresario/Director de Organización Sin Fines de Lucro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wOzcL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wOzcL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His profession is Businessman/Non-Profit Director in English, and 'Empresario/Director de Organizactión Sin Fines de Lucro' in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a rudimentary knowledge of Spanish, and I know &lt;em&gt;fin&lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;) in the sense of &quot;end.&quot; From some googling, both the word &lt;em&gt;lucro&lt;/em&gt; and the phrase &lt;em&gt;fines de lucro&lt;/em&gt; seem to mean &quot;profit.&quot; What's the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side question, is that a reasonable way to say &quot;Non-Profit Director&quot; in Spanish, or is this an awkward literal translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20329" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T09:33:26.783" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:49:08.953" Title="Difference between &quot;lucro&quot; and &quot;fines de lucro&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27601" CreationDate="2018-10-15T04:47:02.240" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will explain the general rules for Spanish as spoken in Spain, but there's not a single way to pronounce Spanish in Spain: there is substantial regional variation.  I'd also caution you to think of Latin American Spanish as having some sort of &quot;lag&quot;.  All dialects of Spanish have a number of features that are innovative to some degree (and often considered unacceptable for Standard Spanish) while preserving features that historically were more common but now are rare.  Spanish was already a very diverse beast before expanding into the Americas.  There's little rhyme or reason to it besides to some extent which parts of the Americas were populated by which groups from Spain and when that happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Vowels&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vowels are mostly the standard 5 that you are taught, with exceptionally small allophonic variations that aren't really worth talking about.  &lt;em&gt;However&lt;/em&gt;, if you opt to adopt to the aspirated syllable-final /s/ pronunciation, you should know that speakers in the South of Spain have a tendency to adjust vowel quality to increase the distinction between, for example, &lt;em&gt;gata&lt;/em&gt; [gata] and &lt;em&gt;gatas&lt;/em&gt; [gatas]&lt;sub&gt;(norm)&lt;/sub&gt; ~ [gatæ(h)]&lt;sub&gt;(adjusted)&lt;/sub&gt;.  Basically /-as/ is pronounced [-æ(h)], /-es/ is [-ɛ(h)], and /os/ is [-ɔ(h)] for these speakers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Consonants&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For /b/, /d/ and /g/, there is little difference with Latin America.  Intervocalically, they soften, with the /d/ even disappearing sometimes in semi-formal speech.  A word-final /d/ can be variably pronounced [d] ~ [t] ~ [θ].  In central Spain, [θ] is most common, hence one of the main local magazines is literally entitled &lt;em&gt;Madriz&lt;/em&gt;.  But in the northeast, that same /d/ will be more like [t].  Elsewhere, it may stay [d] or just disappear entirely.  Note that the letter &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; is always pronounced /b/, identical to &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; in some areas maintains distinction with &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, and in others it doesn't.  If you wish to maintain the distinction (also common in the Andes), you should pronounce the &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; very close to the English one.  If you don't, aim for something between the English /y/ and /j/ (but closer to the /y/), and just like with native speakers, the actual pronunciation for a given word may end up sounding a bit more like one or the other, but it'll be quite close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many parts of Spain —like in some parts of Latin America— an /n/ at the end of an utterance will be [ŋ] instead the [n] that you might expect.  This is most common in the North, South, and the Canaries, and not common in Central or Eastern Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The /ks/ from &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; will be simplified most of the time in front of a consonant to just /s/.  Hence &lt;em&gt;texto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;testo&lt;/em&gt; are identical in pronunciation.  This can sometimes even spill over into intervocalic /x/ and result in something like &lt;em&gt;taxi&lt;/em&gt; being /tasi/.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The /s/ has a variety of different sounds including [s̺] or [s].  The latter is pronounced like the English S, and the former is like that but with the tongue curled ever so slightly upwards, creating an almost &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; like sound.  At the end of syllables, it may be aspirated (particularly in the south) potentially resulting in vowel changes (see vowel section).  It can even be [x] or [χ] in front of /k/.  In front of voiced consonants, it can also voice, such that &lt;em&gt;mesmo&lt;/em&gt; sounds like [mezmo] (English &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; sound).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; is generally as in English [t͡ʃ] but in the south can be simply pronounced as [ʃ] (like English &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced as an alveolar trill, and there isn't really any variation on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;s/z&lt;/em&gt; distinction is the norm, but not universal.  There are substantial areas in the South and a few in the northwest that do not distinguish them.  In the northwest, it's universally pronounced like &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, but in the south, some will pronounce both like &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; /s/ and others will pronounce both like &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; /θ/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; can be pronounced in some words in a few &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; small regions.  As a result, words like &lt;em&gt;albahaca&lt;/em&gt;, while normally being pronounced /al.ba'a.ka/, they will be pronounced /al.ba'ha.ka/.  99.999% of speakers in Spain will never pronounce the &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; in combination with &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; tends to be pronounced further back in the both and with more friction than other dialects.  Thus we could write it as [x] ~ [χ] instead of [h].  You'll definitely get the feeling you're coughing when pronouncing this correctly for European Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T16:52:42.390" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T16:52:42.390" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27608" CreationDate="2018-10-15T04:53:41.313" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of what keeps things short in English is that we commonly refer to non-profit organizations as simply &quot;non-profits&quot;.  While Spanish grammar allows for that, it's not so commonly used that people would understand that the implied noun is an organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more normal translation is &lt;em&gt;sin ánimo de lucro&lt;/em&gt; (without [an] animus of profit), but &lt;em&gt;fines&lt;/em&gt; (ends) is often used instead of &lt;em&gt;ánimo&lt;/em&gt;.  We use this sense of &lt;em&gt;fines&lt;/em&gt; in English in expressions like &lt;em&gt;the ends justify the means&lt;/em&gt;.  Basically, the &lt;em&gt;ends&lt;/em&gt; that are desired (the goal) is profit, and the organization in Spanish is said to be without such goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There isn't really a great way to translate that title and stay so short, although if we knew the specific type of non-profit we could, by shortening it to an ONG (an NGO) or maybe calling it a &lt;em&gt;sociedad benéfica&lt;/em&gt; (charitable organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T04:49:08.953" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:49:08.953" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27607" CreationDate="2018-10-15T06:50:15.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;strong&gt;hacer un viaje&lt;/strong&gt; is usually translated to &lt;strong&gt;take a trip&lt;/strong&gt;, both have the same meaning but you can't state that &quot;hacer&quot; means &quot;to take&quot; in all contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this context &quot;hacer&quot; is a synonymn of the verb &lt;strong&gt;realizar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jwhmcap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Ejecutar&lt;/strong&gt;, poner por obra &lt;strong&gt;una acción&lt;/strong&gt; o trabajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VHUV2Pi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;realizar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Efectuar, llevar a cabo algo o &lt;strong&gt;ejecutar una acción&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The action that you execute in this case is &quot;viajar&quot; or &quot;el trabajo&quot; is &quot;a trip&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verbs &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;coger&lt;/strong&gt; in relation with a trip are used to imply the action of making a reservation in a transport. If you say &quot;quiero coger un viaje a Florida&quot;, it's because you're planning to make reservations through a web page or a travel agency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZzcN8W0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tomar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Utilizar un medio de transporte. &lt;em&gt;Tomar el autobús.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9fC4QbW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;coger&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. &lt;strong&gt;Tomar&lt;/strong&gt; u ocupar un sitio u otra cosa. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T15:36:29.770" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T15:36:29.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27605" CreationDate="2018-10-15T08:07:32.763" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No direct translation sounds good to me. I would suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa es la idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That's the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19992" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T08:07:32.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27605" CreationDate="2018-10-15T08:40:20.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Spuny says, it is not usually convenient to translate word by word. I would suggest using the following expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;De eso se trata.&lt;/strong&gt; (Lit.: &quot;That's what it's all about&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your example could be translated like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Qué final más malo, ¡todo el mundo muere!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —De eso se trata, de mostrar los horrores de la guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go more Latin, you can also use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Qué final más malo, ¡todo el mundo muere!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ese es el quid: mostrar los horrores de la guerra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;quid&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpHbqdL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;defined by the RAE&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;the essence, the reason of or the most important thing about something&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T08:40:20.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27618" CreationDate="2018-10-15T09:01:14.197" Score="6" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the words to describe the total absence of anything or anybody (and other similar meanings) are &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nobody&lt;/em&gt;, whose etymologies are quite direct: &quot;no thing&quot; or &quot;not any thing&quot; and the some for &quot;no body&quot; or &quot;not one body&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we have &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;. According to RAE's dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QCFVQse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;[res] nata&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;born [thing]&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QCTdnse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nadie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; comes from &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QCTBvh1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nadi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; which comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;nati&lt;/em&gt;: &quot;the born ones&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I would like to know is: how did words that meant the existence of someone (&quot;the born ones&quot;, &quot;born things&quot;) come to mean the total absence of anything or anybody?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T16:40:52.267" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T16:43:46.080" Title="Etymology of &quot;nada&quot; and &quot;nadie&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27607" CreationDate="2018-10-15T09:38:21.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expressions &quot;hacer un viaje&quot; and &quot;take a trip&quot; are both idiomatic expressions (idioms) that are equivalent in meaning. But you cannot really compare parts of idiomatic expressions, in this case hacer and make, and say that they mean the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that the Spanish idiom is more transparent (less opaque) than the English one, since you could argue that when you take a trip you are doing something (hacer), whereas you are not taking anything (take).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20327" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T09:38:21.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27605" CreationDate="2018-10-15T09:55:51.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways to translate &quot;That's the point&quot;, some of which have already been mentioned. In the Spanish of most native speakers, &quot;Ese es el punto&quot; is not one of them. It seems, however, that among those who speak a variety of Spanish heavily influenced by English (&quot;Spanglish&quot;), the English calque &quot;Ese es el punto&quot; is heard more and more, and you even find it in writing. To me, it sounds like a barbarism because I am not used to it (40 years living in the US). By the way, this use of the cognate &quot;punto&quot; to translate this particular sense of English &quot;point&quot; extends to other expressions, such as &quot;to make a point&quot;, &quot;what's the point?&quot;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the context, these expressions can also be equivalent to &quot;That's the point&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;Y eso es de lo que se trata. / De eso se trata.&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Esa es la cuestión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el propósito.&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eso es lo importante. &#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20327" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T09:55:51.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27614" CreationDate="2018-10-15T14:57:26.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like the shift in meaning is analogous to the one that made &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/How-did-personne-come-to-mean-nobody-in-French&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the French word &lt;em&gt;personne&lt;/em&gt; come to mean &quot;nobody&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Suppose you have a word that means &quot;nothing&quot; but that word is weakened by constant use, or eroded by phonetic change to the point that it's too short or too weak or somehow not enough to indicate &quot;nothing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?nada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this other website&lt;/a&gt;, there was already in Latin an idiom (&lt;em&gt;res nata&lt;/em&gt;) that expressed the idea of &quot;the thing or matter under consideration&quot;. Two things then took place: 1) other forms of expressing the idea of &quot;nothing&quot; fell out of favor, as indicated above; 2) the existing idiom was associated with negation so much that in time it became a negative itself without the need of an auxiliary negative particle (like French &lt;em&gt;personne&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T14:57:26.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27614" CreationDate="2018-10-15T16:38:22.607" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This phenomenon is known as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jespersen%27s_Cycle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jespersen's Cycle&lt;/a&gt;, and the Spanish case is described here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nada&lt;/em&gt; 'nothing' and &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt; 'nobody' illustrate a completely different linguistic process, one common enough to have its own name: Jespersen's cycle, in honor of Otto Jespersen, the Danish linguist who first wrote about it in 1917. The cycle takes place when a positive element reinforces, and eventually replaces, an existing negative. It's as if the English expression &lt;em&gt;a bit&lt;/em&gt;, which reinforces the word &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; in sentences like &lt;em&gt;I'm not a bit hungry&lt;/em&gt;, were to become negative itself. In the case of &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;, the cycle began with the Latin expressions &lt;em&gt;non homines nati&lt;/em&gt; 'no people born' and &lt;em&gt;non res nata&lt;/em&gt; 'nothing born,' which were roughly equivalent to English 'not a soul' and 'nothing on Earth.' As Latin evolved into Spanish, instead of these phrases becoming compounds, the adjectives &lt;em&gt;nati&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nata&lt;/em&gt; became stand-alone negatives, in the process undergoing the slight phonetic changes that produced &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Z9kaDQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT165&amp;amp;lpg=PT165&amp;amp;dq=jespersen%27s+cycle+%22spanish%22+nadie&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Por qué? 101 Questions About Spanish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Judy Hochberg&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Question 40. Why do most Spanish negatives begin with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T16:43:46.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22216" CreationDate="2018-10-15T18:00:30.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No existe &quot;la buena&quot; en mi modesta opinión. Creo que &quot;lo bueno&quot; es que haya una de cada. El dicho alude a términos de proporción. Lo malo sería romper la proporción, desajustar el equilibrio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20332" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T18:00:30.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27621" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27635" CreationDate="2018-10-16T02:26:55.733" Score="3" ViewCount="3942" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si alguien te dice &quot;Sí señorito&quot; o algo así, por ejemplo, en Colombia, te está burlando o si se trata de una frase normal. Yo personalmente solo la he oído un par de veces en Colombia. Normalmente la gente te dice &quot;caballero&quot; o &quot;joven&quot; o algo así. Por eso me pregunta si el uso de &quot;señorito&quot; tiene otro significado o alguna insinuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tambien me gustaría saber porqué la forma femenina o sea &quot;señorita&quot; es muy conocida incluso entre los que no hablan castellano, pero la forma masculina casi no se usa. Verdad es que ni se me había ocurrido que hubiera una forma masculina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="12672" LastEditDate="2018-10-16T02:39:01.783" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T15:43:53.947" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;señorito&quot;?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27622" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27623" CreationDate="2018-10-16T03:13:23.520" Score="6" ViewCount="1343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Researching how to say &lt;em&gt;How long&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, I came across these three versions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo dura...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto dura...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the third case, I assume &lt;em&gt;tiempo&lt;/em&gt; is understood. What I don't get is the function of the word &lt;strong&gt;dura&lt;/strong&gt; (hard). Looking up the meaning of &lt;strong&gt;dura&lt;/strong&gt; makes me every more confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T00:46:40.630" Title="How do you say &quot;How long...&quot; in spanish" Tags="&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2018-10-16T05:50:07.977" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are &lt;em&gt;two&lt;/em&gt; equivalent versions. “Cuánto” means literally “how much”, so to ask “how long” we say “cuánto tiempo” (“how much time”), and when the context makes the noun redundant we drop it just like an English speaker would:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto [tiempo] dura?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto [dinero] cuesta? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuánto [peso] pesa? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuánt[o/a distancia] hay de ... a ...? (note the use of the masculine form as neutral)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often hear “qué” used instead of “cuánto”, but it's not as literal and it may depend on where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20310" LastEditorUserId="20310" LastEditDate="2018-10-16T22:55:30.407" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T22:55:30.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22216" CreationDate="2018-10-16T07:17:53.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Además de la expresión completa &quot;dar una de cal y una de arena*, también es usual la parcial &lt;em&gt;dar la de cal&lt;/em&gt;, que hace referencia a este dicho. Así que solo necesitamos conocer el significado de esta última expresión para saber cuál es la buena y cual la mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues bien, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22dar%20la%20de%20cal%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscando en Google&lt;/a&gt; parece que la mayoría opina que la buena es la cal, pero no hay unanimidad. Así, vemos noticias deportivas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elperiodicoextremadura.com/noticias/deportes/merida-quiere-fin-dar-la-cal-casa_324147.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Mérida quiere al fin dar `la de cal´ en su casa&lt;/a&gt;; obviamente, el Mérida quiere ganar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.marca.com/2014/02/16/baloncesto/acb/1392581396.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unicaja gana al Cajasol y vuelve a dar la de cal&lt;/a&gt;; es decir, Unicaja vuelve a tener una buena actuación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también tenemos, aunque en menor medida, otras como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.noticiascyl.com/valladolid/deportes-valladolid/2017/03/04/el-atletico-valladolid-vuelve-a-dar-la-de-cal-en-guadalajara/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Atlético Valladolid vuelve a dar la de cal en Guadalajara&lt;/a&gt;; y en la narración vemos que el Atlético Valladolid ha perdido su partido en Guadalajara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, una noticia que usa las dos expresiones por separado (&lt;em&gt;dar la de cal&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dar la de arena&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.diarioinformacion.com/elche-cf/2018/09/30/femenino-da-arena-frente-joventut/2068809.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Femenino da la de arena frente al Joventut Almassora (0-2)&lt;/a&gt;; en el cuerpo de la noticia leemos que el Elche femenino había &lt;em&gt;dado la de cal&lt;/em&gt; el fin de semana anterior, al vencer en Alicante, pero esta vez ha &lt;em&gt;dado la de arena&lt;/em&gt; con una derrota en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión: parece que el consenso general es que &lt;em&gt;la de cal&lt;/em&gt; es la buena y &lt;em&gt;la de arena&lt;/em&gt;, la mala; pero cuidado porque hay quien las usa al revés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T07:17:53.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2018-10-16T23:37:08.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;How long&lt;/em&gt; in certain contexts can also be translated as &lt;em&gt;desde cuándo&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;How long have you lived in Massachusetts?&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;¿Desde cuándo vives en Massachusetts?&lt;/em&gt; (in addition to &lt;em&gt;¿Cuánto tiempo has vivido en Masachusetts?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm ignoring here the other meaning of &lt;em&gt;how long&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;How long is your flagpole?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20327" LastEditorUserId="20327" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T00:46:40.630" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T00:46:40.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27628" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-17T00:05:47.670" Score="7" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy un estadounidense que vive en Uruguay hace unos diez años. Quisiera saber cómo ustedes pronunciarían la frase &quot;non sequitur&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿El &quot;qui&quot;, si la fueran a utilizar en una conversación, cómo se pronuncia: en español o en latín?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Y de paso añado también a mi pregunta: ¿la palabra &lt;em&gt;término&lt;/em&gt; está bien utilizada en el título?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20341" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-18T13:22:18.707" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T13:22:18.707" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia en español el término &quot;non sequitur&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27629" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-17T01:51:49.757" Score="1" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English you say &quot;I like cats&quot; and &quot;I like &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; cats&quot; could be said only about some specific cats from the context of a discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish it's &quot;Me gustan los gatos&quot; but these are cats in general. Another popular example is using &quot;la gente&quot; when talking about general trends in the society.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, it's similar to English in cases like &quot;Soy músico, escribo canciones.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the rule here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13360" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T00:50:10.823" Title="Usage of the definite articles when talking about things in general" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27629" CreationDate="2018-10-17T01:57:29.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't agree that the rule in Spanish is similar to that in English in the case of professions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in English we say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm &lt;strong&gt;a musician&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Spanish we use zero article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy &lt;strong&gt;músico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: As regards the use of &quot;canciones&quot;, the rule is that the zero article will be used to refer to an indefinite number of the plural noun. The definite article will be reserved for generic use or to refer to something specific, some specific songs in this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escribo &lt;strong&gt;canciones&lt;/strong&gt;. (I write songs.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las canciones&lt;/strong&gt; tienen que estar bien escritas. (Songs -- any songs, songs in general -- need to be well written.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las canciones&lt;/strong&gt; que escribí en mi juventud eran horribles. (The songs I wrote when I was young -- those in particular -- were awful.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T10:52:18.833" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T10:52:18.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27628" CreationDate="2018-10-17T05:06:52.603" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con los ejemplos proporcionados por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.forvo.com/word/non_sequitur/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;forvo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y la experiencia de mi entorno lo confirma, parece que la pronunciación &lt;strong&gt;habitual&lt;/strong&gt; (si no la correcta), es non se&lt;strong&gt;cui&lt;/strong&gt;tur en vez de lo esperable, non se&lt;strong&gt;ki&lt;/strong&gt;tur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que se pronuncia como en el idioma original, tal como es el caso de tantas otras palabras o locuciones:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quid divinis [&lt;strong&gt;cuid&lt;/strong&gt; divinis]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quid pro quo [&lt;strong&gt;cuid&lt;/strong&gt; pro &lt;strong&gt;cuo&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quadrivium [&lt;strong&gt;cua&lt;/strong&gt;drivium]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nolle prosequit [&lt;strong&gt;nole&lt;/strong&gt;-prose&lt;strong&gt;cuit&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quod erat demonstrandum [&lt;strong&gt;cuod&lt;/strong&gt;-erat-demonstrandum]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2019-01-18T11:44:30.383" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T11:44:30.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-17T10:27:56.187" Score="0" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver un juego de palabras en inglés usando la voz &lt;em&gt;trilemma&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;dilemma&lt;/em&gt;. Si nos vamos al DLE, vemos que en español la palabra &lt;em&gt;dilema&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DmQvDQm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dilema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. dilemma, y este del gr. δίλημμα dílēmma, de δι- di- 'di-' y&#xA;λῆμμα lêmma 'premisa'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Situación en la que es necesario elegir entre dos opciones igualmente buenas o malas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Fil. Argumento formado por dos proposiciones contrarias disyuntivamente, de tal manera que, negada o concedida cualquiera de las dos, queda demostrada una determinada conclusión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto su etimología, que contiene el prefijo griego &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DcsCE20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;di-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, 'dos', como su primera acepción (la usual) hacen alusión a dos posibles alternativas entre las cuales hay que escoger, siendo estas igual de buenas o malas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿qué pasa si hay más de dos alternativas? ¿Qué pasa cuando vas a la pastelería y no sabes cuál de los 20 tipos de pasteles escoger? Dado que la definición de &lt;em&gt;dilema&lt;/em&gt; hace alusión a solo dos opciones, ¿qué palabra habría que usar si hay más? ¿Valdría &lt;em&gt;trilema&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O &lt;em&gt;tetralema&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Alguna otra? ¿Se usaría &lt;em&gt;dilema&lt;/em&gt; con un significado ampliado? ¿Qué palabra se suele usar en la literatura ante este tipo de situaciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Curioso que en el Merriam-Webster la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dilemma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dilemma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; solo hace alusión a &quot;una elección difícil&quot; o &quot;desagradable&quot;, sin mencionar expresamente que solo deban ser dos. Aunque curiosamente sí definen &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trilemma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trilemma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (están más avanzados que nosotros) como un &quot;dilema con tres opciones en vez de dos&quot;. Y el diccionario de Oxford &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/dilemma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la define&lt;/a&gt; de forma similar al DLE pero indicando que pueden ser &quot;dos o más alternativas&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T10:37:01.097" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T23:06:37.997" Title="¿Puede un &quot;dilema&quot; abarcar más de dos opciones?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20369" CreationDate="2018-10-17T11:23:46.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Hindi → castellano&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra घी (&lt;em&gt;ghee&lt;/em&gt; en inglés) se pronuncia /ɡʱi/ en hindi. En castellano el consonante más semejante a /ɡʱ/ es /ɡ/, que se usa para transcribir otras palabras de origines similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;sub&gt;es&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J0wziH5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;avial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;fr&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;avial&lt;/em&gt; ← &lt;sub&gt;hi&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;strong&gt;घ&lt;/strong&gt;ड़ियाल (gaṛiyāl)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado esto, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;gui&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; parece la forma más adecuada en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto coincide con la ortografia italiana de la palabra: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/ghi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ghi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Hindi → inglés → castellano&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La mayoría de palabras de orígen hindi en castellano viene via inglés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=bungalow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;búngalo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=bungal%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bungaló&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;bungalow&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;banglā&lt;/em&gt;; propiamente 'de Bengala'.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=caqui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caqui&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;khaki&lt;/em&gt;, este del hindi &lt;em&gt;khākī&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=champ%C3%BA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;champú&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;shampoo&lt;/em&gt; 'champú' y 'friccionar', y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;čampī&lt;/em&gt; 'masaje'.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/chintz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chintz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Voz ingl., esta del hindi &lt;em&gt;chīnt&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=culi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;culi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;coolie&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;kulī&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/jainismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jainismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;Jainism&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;jaina&lt;/em&gt; 'santo'...&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/jungla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jungla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;jungle&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;jangal&lt;/em&gt; 'terreno no cultivado'.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/maharan%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maharaní&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;maharani&lt;/em&gt;, este del hindi &lt;em&gt;mahārāṇī&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=mudar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mudar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;mudar&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;madār&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=ponche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ponche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;punch&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;pãč&lt;/em&gt;, 'cinco', número de sus ingredientes primitivos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=pijama&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pijama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;pyjamas&lt;/em&gt;, este del hindi &lt;em&gt;pā[e]ǧāma&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=sari&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sari&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del ingl. &lt;em&gt;sari&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;sāṛī&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=veranda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;veranda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del angloíndio &lt;em&gt;verandah&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi &lt;em&gt;varandā&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=gincana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;yincana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Del angloíndio &lt;em&gt;gymkhana&lt;/em&gt;, y este del hindi गेंदख़ाना &lt;em&gt;gendxānā&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;sub&gt;Deben evitarse otras grafías que no se ajustan a su pronunciación, como &lt;em&gt;*gincana, *gymkana, *gimkana&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, una aproximación del inglés &lt;em&gt;ghee&lt;/em&gt; i.e. &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;gui&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; también coincidiría con la transcripción del hindi directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:35:01.967" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:35:01.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-17T11:34:12.397" Score="1" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Se pronunciaría la palabra hipotética &lt;em&gt;ghi&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;gi / ji&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/xi/&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;em&gt;gui&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/gi/&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nota:&lt;/strong&gt; La única palabra que conozco que contiene la secuencia &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JAo1LXB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ghanés(a)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T12:24:34.580" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T22:49:47.243" Title="¿Cómo afecta 'h' la pronunciación de 'g'?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27621" CreationDate="2018-10-17T11:41:41.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me temo que no puedo darte una explicación específica para Colombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcT6x6x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;señorito, ta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del dim. de señor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Hijo de un señor o de persona de representación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona, especialmente si es joven, a la que sirve un criado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Joven&lt;/strong&gt; acomodado y ocioso.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. U. como tratamiento de cortesía aplicado a la &lt;strong&gt;mujer soltera&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El masculino &lt;strong&gt;señorito&lt;/strong&gt; en España puede emplearse en tono de mofa e incluso peyorativo dirigido a un varón si éste trata a alguien como si fuera su criado, dándole ordenes o tratándolo con desprecio, o se comporta de una forma excesivamente remilgada, cual si fuera un joven acomodado y con criados, acostumbrado a que estos obedezcan sus ordenes y satisfagan sus caprichos, pero sin serlo realmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El femenimo es más conocido entre los no castellano-hablantes por las palabras que he marcado en negro: joven, mujer, soltera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también porque es el equivalente al tratamiento de cortesía en inglés &lt;strong&gt;miss&lt;/strong&gt;, que se emplea independientemente de la capacidad económica o la edad aplicado a una mujer soltera. Creo que no existe tratamiento de cortesía equivalente en inglés para hombre soltero, tanto para casados como para solteros se emplea &lt;strong&gt;Mr&lt;/strong&gt; (mister) que deriva de master como apuntaba @guifa y que debe usarse precediento el apellido, ya que sin él&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/mister&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mister&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;variant form of Mr, often used &lt;strong&gt;humorously or with offensive emphasis&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T05:56:29.023" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T05:56:29.023" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27634" CreationDate="2018-10-17T14:19:47.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una palabra con el digrafo &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; seguramente sería extranjera, así que toca preguntar cómo se pronuncia en su lengua de origen y tratar razonablemente de imitarlo. De hecho, &lt;em&gt;ghi&lt;/em&gt; es una manera de escribir el hindú घी, que significa “mantequilla clarificada” y &lt;em&gt;creo&lt;/em&gt; que se pronuncia parecido al comienzo de &lt;em&gt;jeans&lt;/em&gt; (si alguien tiene mejor información edito).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20310" LastEditorUserId="20310" LastEditDate="2018-10-17T14:30:04.497" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T14:30:04.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27634" CreationDate="2018-10-17T22:49:47.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay ninguna palabra castellana nativa que emplee la combinación &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt;, ni ninguna manera concebible de que pudiera formarse con elementos nativos o como neologismo culto tomado del latín o del griego. &lt;em&gt;Ghana&lt;/em&gt; es el nombre de un país cuyo idioma oficial es hoy el inglés y allí la combinación &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia /ɡ/; por alguna razón en castellano no ha sufrido la normalización ortográfica que sí afectó a países como Catar (&lt;em&gt;Qatar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un hablante de castellano que haya tenido cierta exposición al italiano o a nombres personales o topónimos tomados tal cual del italiano tenderá a pronunciar &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; como /ɡ/ (como en &lt;em&gt;ga, gue, gui, go, gu&lt;/em&gt;). Quien conozca la palabra &lt;em&gt;ghee&lt;/em&gt;, probablemente lo mismo; no sé cómo se pronuncia hoy en día, pero su raíz en sánscrito tiene una /ɡʱ/, una G murmurada (mal llamada &quot;aspirada&quot;), fonema que se conserva en hindostaní (es /ɡ/ pero con un leve retraso en el comienzo de la vibración de las cuerdas vocales, similar a la aspiración de las oclusivas sordas iniciales en inglés, por ejemplo). Con respecto al inglés, por más que mucha gente hoy está expuesta a él, no creo que muchos estemos tentados de pronunciar &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; como /f/ o cero, sino más bien como /ɡ/, como es en &lt;em&gt;Ghana&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/em&gt;, el préstamo &lt;em&gt;ghee&lt;/em&gt; y alguna otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No parece que &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; pudiera pronunciarse igual que &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, pero si alguien ve escrita la palabra &lt;em&gt;Ghenova&lt;/em&gt; es probable que pronuncie &lt;em&gt;Génova&lt;/em&gt; porque pensará que se trata de una forma curiosa o caprichosa de escribir el nombre de esta conocida ciudad, y quizá (sólo quizá) si vuelve a ver otra palabra con &lt;em&gt;gh&lt;/em&gt; quizá la pronuncie como &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; (como en &lt;em&gt;ge, gi&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T22:49:47.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27632" CreationDate="2018-10-17T23:06:37.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el uso formal estricto queda claro que un dilema es una situación donde se plantean dos alternativas mutuamente excluyentes, tal como lo indica la etimología. Sin embargo, incluso en textos donde se plantean y ejemplifican dilemas morales aparecen casos donde hay tres o más opciones claramente delimitadas, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://educrea.cl/los-dilemas-morales/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este caso&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Imagínate por un momento que te encuentras en la siguiente situación:&#xA;  eres un miembro del Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU que tiene que votar&#xA;  en un asunto de violación sistemática de Derechos Humanos por parte de&#xA;  un Estado. Al frente de éste se encuentra un dictador que impide&#xA;  cualquier tipo de avance democrático en el país, y que además persigue&#xA;  militarmente a ciertas minorías étnicas, contra las cuales está&#xA;  llevando a cabo acciones sistemáticas de genocidio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el consejo de Seguridad deberás dar tu voto a una de las siguientes&#xA;  alternativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– No intervenir, puesto que el asunto puede considerarse como interno&#xA;  a ese Estado, y cualquier intervención de la ONU podría interpretarse&#xA;  como injerencia en asuntos internos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Aprobar un embargo económico, garantizado mediante una vigilancia&#xA;  militar de sus fronteras, aunque los efectos de dicho embargo recaigan&#xA;  mayoritariamente sobre la población civil de ese Estado, gran parte de&#xA;  la cual no apoya al dictador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;– Aprobar una intervención militar en defensa de las minorías étnicas&#xA;  agredidas, aunque esa decisión implique iniciar una guerra donde&#xA;  morirán miles de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se presentan &quot;dilemas&quot; donde hay dos alternativas posibles, pero donde la situación es tal que claramente estas alternativas no agotan todas las opciones que podrían tomarse en la vida real. Por ejemplo, el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.sott.net/article/57895-Dilemas-eticos-que-son-tipos-y-4-ejemplos-que-te-haran-pensar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dilema de Heinz&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mujer de Heinz está enferma de cáncer, y se espera que muera pronto&#xA;  si no se hace nada por salvarla. Sin embargo, existe un medicamento&#xA;  experimental que los médicos creen que puede salvar su vida: una forma&#xA;  de radio que un farmacéutico acaba de descubrir. Aunque esta sustancia&#xA;  es cara, el farmacéutico en cuestión está cobrando muchas veces más&#xA;  cantidad de dinero de lo que le cuesta producirla (le cuesta 1.000&#xA;  dólares y cobra 5.000). Heinz reúne todo el dinero que puede para&#xA;  comprarla, contando con la ayuda y el préstamo de dinero de todos sus&#xA;  conocidos, pero solo alcanza a reunir 2.500 dólares de los 5.000 que&#xA;  cuesta el producto. Heinz acude al farmacéutico, a quien le dice que&#xA;  su esposa se muere y a quien le pide que le venda el medicamento a&#xA;  menor precio o que le deje pagar la mitad más tarde. El farmacéutico&#xA;  sin embargo se niega, aduciendo que debe ganar dinero con él ya que ha&#xA;  sido quien lo ha descubierto. Dicho esto, Heinz se desespera y se&#xA;  plantea robar la medicina. ¿Qué debería hacer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En artículos periodísticos se habla de &quot;dilema&quot; muy frecuentemente como sinónimo de &quot;problema acuciante que requiere decisiones&quot;, &quot;problema que no puede dejarse sin resolver&quot;, &quot;problema cuyas posibles soluciones tienen todas un lado negativo&quot;, etc. Si observamos cómo es traducido &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/traduccion/dilema.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dilema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; al inglés en textos reales, veremos que contiene todas estas acepciones y no sólo la de dilema filosófico formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de todo esto me da la impresión de que &quot;dilema&quot; tiene dos significados: cuando se habla del mismo como de un problema planteado, es más claro que significa &quot;problema con dos alternativas de solución excluyentes&quot;; pero cuando nos referimos a la situación real, usamos &quot;dilema&quot; también como &quot;problema con varias vías total o parcialmente excluyentes de solución&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T23:06:37.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15462" CreationDate="2018-10-18T07:30:23.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Joseph, Jose and Giuseppe are variants of the same name. Somehow Pepe, the diminutive of the Italian version (Giuseppe), migrated to the Spanish version (Jose) possibly during the Spanish occupation of southern Italy when the 2 populations and languages intermingled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is supported by &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishlinguist.us/2013/03/pepe-and-paco-2-mysterious-spanish-nicknames/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://spanishlinguist.us&lt;/a&gt; who &lt;code&gt;[...] turned to the ultimate source, querying the Real Academia Española through its on-line consultation service.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[The] nickname &lt;strong&gt;Pepe comes, in reality, from the Italian Beppe, itself a nickname for Giuseppe&lt;/strong&gt;….In the case of Paco, none of the data on names that we have at our disposal support the etymology of pater comunitatis.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T13:26:09.630" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T13:26:09.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-18T14:40:33.510" Score="4" ViewCount="463" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using the informal &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;, is it more common to substitute it with &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; as an object pronoun? Or is there another standard way to replace it? And I'm curious how this may vary by country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y vos, ¿que le/te pasó?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A vos le/te gusta andar en bici.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Le/te regalé el libro a vos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20351" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T13:27:00.830" Title="What Direct/Indirect Object Pronoun Is Used With Vos (Colombia)?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27642" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27644" CreationDate="2018-10-18T16:12:59.457" Score="3" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto frases como &quot;váyanse imaginando la foto&quot; pero no entiendo la diferencia entre decir eso y decir &quot;imagínense la foto.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado si hay una forma gramática de usar verse con gerundio pero no encontré nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;váyanse imaginando&quot; e &quot;imagínense&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;me veo imaginando&quot; e &quot;imagino&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-19T16:41:12.387" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T16:41:12.387" Title="¿Qué es la gramática de verse + gerundio?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-18T16:58:04.533" Score="2" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo sobre Ana María Campos ayer. Quiero aprender qué estaba ella diciendo cuando dijo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no capitula, monda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy todavía aprendiendo español, y tengo mucha curiosidad por el significado de esta frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20354" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T18:22:50.830" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T09:22:19.820" Title="Cita famosa de Ana María Campos" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27642" CreationDate="2018-10-18T17:03:47.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad sería la forma &quot;ir + gerundio&quot; (no ver/verse, aunque también. Mira la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M5ucdgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugación del verbo ir&lt;/a&gt;, que tiene formas &quot;vaya_&quot; en algunos tiempos verbales, con especial interés para esta pregunta del imperativo: &lt;em&gt;vaya usted/vayan ustedes&lt;/em&gt;) que describe una acción que se realiza de forma gradual o por etapas, pero de manera continua. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado del verbo ir (o ver) se completa, modifica o aclara por medio del gerundio. Un aspecto clave es que los resultados de la acción se manifiestan poco a poco y/o de forma continuada. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Déjalo fuera del congelador para que &lt;strong&gt;vaya descongelándose&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;váyanse imaginando&quot; e &quot;imagínense&quot;? Pues una diferencia sutil, la de una acción progresiva en el primer caso. Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vete haciendo a la idea&lt;/strong&gt; de que no podrás comprar eso si no ahorras &lt;sub&gt;start getting used to the idea&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indica &quot;piensa en esto, reflexiona, considera&quot;. Algo así como si dieras tiempo al interlocutor para entender el concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hazte a la idea&lt;/strong&gt; de que no podrás comprar eso si no ahorras &lt;sub&gt;get used to the idea&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implica inmediatez. Las cosas son así y punto. No le des más vueltas, que no hay nada que entender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De igual manera &quot;váyanse imaginando&quot; implica &quot;imagine de forma progresiva esto&quot; (a medida que mi argumento avanza y le doy más detalles, por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre &quot;me veo imaginando&quot; e &quot;imagino&quot;? De igual manera, la primera indica una acción continua. Ese &quot;me veo imaginando&quot; no es más que un &quot;me imagino (a mi mismo) imaginando&quot;, es decir, realizando una acción progresiva y continuada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi relación con esta persona va muy bien. &lt;strong&gt;Me veo casado&lt;/strong&gt; dentro de una año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significa: me imagino que en el futuro estaré casado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi relación con esta persona va muy bien. &lt;strong&gt;Me veo casándome&lt;/strong&gt; dentro de una año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto significa: me imagino realizando la acción de casarme en el futuro. No necesariamente la ceremonia en sí, sino el proceso más general que lleva desde la decisón de contraer matrimonio hasta su realización.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T17:41:30.903" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T17:41:30.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27643" CreationDate="2018-10-18T17:30:10.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podría haber otras explicaciones, pero según lo que yo he podido encontrar significa &quot;Si no está rindiendo, está venciendo.&quot;  El verbo &quot;capitular&quot; significar rendir o dejar conquistar, mientras que el verbo &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#es/en/mondar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mondar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significa conquistar o derrotar.  Es parecido a la expresión en inglés, &quot;La mejor posición defensiva es una posición ofensiva.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T19:54:16.417" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T19:54:16.417" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-18T17:57:24.413" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I want to say: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I don't want the bank to send ads to my family.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this the correct translation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; No quiero que el banco envíe anuncios a mi familia.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, why &lt;code&gt;envíe&lt;/code&gt; being &lt;strong&gt;subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; form? Why not &lt;code&gt;envía&lt;/code&gt; -- &lt;strong&gt;present tense&lt;/strong&gt; form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T19:51:13.423" Title="subjunctive form and present tense form in my sentence" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27649" CreationDate="2018-10-18T19:10:58.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that is the correct translation because envía is the indicative mood and envíe is the subjunctive mood.  In this case, it clearly calls for the subjunctive because you are expressing a desire to influence the bank to NOT send ads to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-10-18T19:51:13.423" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T19:51:13.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27649" CreationDate="2018-10-18T19:49:25.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive is one of several &lt;strong&gt;moods&lt;/strong&gt;, along with the indicative, imperative and conditional. The present is one of several &lt;strong&gt;tenses&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Envíe&lt;/em&gt; is present tense, subjunctive mood, third person singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive appears in many different contexts. One of them is in subordinate sentences (marked by &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;) whose main verb is &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;. This also happens with &lt;em&gt;desear&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to wish&quot; and other verbs like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, that express wishes or (dis)likes. It doesn't depend on whether the sentence is affirmative or negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quiero que me envíes un regalo.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I want you to send me a gift.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;No quiero que gastes mucho dinero.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I don't want you to spend a lot of money.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other verbs the subjunctive is optional, or only used in negations, or it follows other rules that I can't summarize here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-18T19:49:25.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27641" CreationDate="2018-10-19T03:52:10.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only te can be used with vos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a more formal way :&quot;Le&quot; (without vos) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastEditorUserId="20261" LastEditDate="2018-10-19T13:27:00.830" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T13:27:00.830" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27678" CreationDate="2018-10-19T08:10:25.070" Score="0" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si el uso de &quot;ahorita&quot; en México puede ser en pasado en una narración, como algo que ocurre en medio de ella: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahorita llegaron los muchachos a la casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20361" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-10-19T11:19:41.353" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T17:33:13.180" Title="Uso de &quot;ahorita&quot; en México" Tags="&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27643" CreationDate="2018-10-19T09:22:19.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado leyendo la entrada de la Wikipedia dedicada a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana_Mar%C3%ADa_Campos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ana María Campos&lt;/a&gt;, la cual parece estar principalmente basada en esta &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.minmujer.gob.ve/?q=noticias/ana-mar%C3%ADa-campos-hero%C3%ADna-en-la-guerra-de-independencia-de-venezuela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página web&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si Morales no capitula, monda&quot; – que en el lenguaje vernáculo de&#xA;  aquellos tiempos quería decir: Si no se rinde, muere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La relación entre monda y muerte quizás podamos rastrearla en el D.R.A.E, si tenemos en cuenta que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PcfyMjb%7CPch8aEr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de mondar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pcz21mF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mondar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Azotar, apalear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las explicaciones que aparecen en los enlaces aportados por @Diego en los comentarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si no capitula tendrá que enfrentarse a las consecuencias&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se corresponde con la interpretación &quot;si no se rinde, muere (apalizado)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si no se rinde, se acaba&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ésta no la entiendo. Si no se rinde, ¿qué se acaba?, ¿cómo se acaba? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos me parece un poco aventurado por parte de una conspiradora omitir todas las condiciones para que muera el mariscal &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Francisco Tomás Morales&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;La frase completa y más correcta sería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si no capitula, continuaremos la lucha y cuando venzamos, lo ajusticiaremos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que todo nacionalismo construye sus héroes y sus mitos, cualquiera sabe lo que dijo o no realmente Ana María Castillo. Lo que sí parece claro es que no se cumplió su amenaza, pues Tomás Morales murió muchos años despues tranquilamente en las Islas Canarias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T09:22:19.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-19T21:57:07.793" Score="3" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English &quot;to come&quot; is used loosely. In Spanish it's different, it can only be used when the person speaking invites or asks the other person to go to the place where the 1st person at. Right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I'm the &lt;strong&gt;2nd person&lt;/strong&gt;, what should I use instead of &quot;to come&quot; then? Examples in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) If I &lt;strong&gt;come&lt;/strong&gt; to your house after 5 pm, will you still be there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) I &lt;strong&gt;came&lt;/strong&gt; here yesteday and it was a lot of fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) When should I &lt;strong&gt;come&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastActivityDate="2018-10-20T02:00:52.710" Title="What to use instead of &quot;to come&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27657" CreationDate="2018-10-19T23:50:25.210" Score="6" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this text two people (married couple) are talking to another on the phone. One says to the other:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dale un beso a los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Dale&quot; seems to be imperative + dative. But who does &quot;le&quot; refer to? If it was the kids, shouldn't it be in plural (&quot;les&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a case of the list in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26171/all-about-datives-or-whats-that-funny-le-or-me-doing-in-there&quot;&gt;All about datives, or: What&amp;#39;s that funny &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;me&amp;quot; doing in there?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which one is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20367" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-29T16:22:18.903" LastActivityDate="2019-09-29T16:22:18.903" Title="&quot;Dale un beso a los niños&quot; - what does &quot;le&quot; stand for?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27656" CreationDate="2018-10-20T01:46:00.837" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The text is mistaken. The pronoun should be &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the text, the dative pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is the indirect object, and anticipates the full indirect object, &lt;em&gt;a los niños&lt;/em&gt;. This (showing the IO through a pronoun and then a full nominal phrase) is extremely common, and it's grammatically correct. What is not correct is, as you've guessed, that &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is singular but the full indirect object is plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This mistake (failing to make the indirect object pronoun and full phrase agree in number) is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.delcastellano.com/errores-concordancia-objeto-indirecto/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;also very common&lt;/a&gt;, to the point of being present in textbooks and reference works. It's so common that I, being a native speaker, found nothing wrong with the sentence at first sight, and had to check whether it &lt;strong&gt;was&lt;/strong&gt; really a mistake, because it sounded so natural I thought it just couldn't be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's possible that people tend to use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; because the fact that it's often not right next to the plural phrase it refers to makes the speaker forget the agreement, and also because &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is automatically associated with &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;, which has no plural. The former reason sounds implausible to me, since I (and many people I know) constantly utter sentences where &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is immediately followed by an indirect object phrase, without registering the mistake:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dale a los niños un beso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, this is not an instance of a &quot;funny dative&quot;; it's just a plain indirect object, used with the most frequent of the ditransitive verbs, &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt;, here in the singular imperative (&lt;em&gt;da&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-20T01:46:00.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27655" CreationDate="2018-10-20T02:00:52.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have two verbs, &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;, corresponding loosely to &quot;to go&quot; and &quot;to come&quot;. The key is where the movement starts and ends (or its goal) and where you are right now. Your first example should use &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si voy a tu casa después de las 5, ¿estarás todavía ahí?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because you're not in the hearer's house right now, so you need to go there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example you should use &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vine aquí ayer y fue muy divertido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because you're already in the place you're referring to (that's why you said &quot;here&quot; and not &quot;there&quot;), and you're describing your movement from somewhere else to this place. From this point of view you didn't go; you instead came.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third example could use either &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt; depending on context, but for the most part you would use &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuándo debería ir?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because &quot;When should I come?&quot; is not a question you'd normally ask if you were already in the place you're asking about; if that were the case, you'd rather ask &quot;When should I come back here?&quot; or &quot;When should I come here next time?&quot;. If this &quot;next time&quot; has already been established by context, though, the question does make sense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cuándo debería venir?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-20T02:00:52.710" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4059" CreationDate="2018-10-20T09:09:09.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Guadalajara, la expresión &amp;quot;malacopa&amp;quot; se refiere a una persona que suele portarse de forma agresiva, molesta, antisocial o impertinente cuando está bajo la influencia del alcohol. &amp;quot;Malacopear&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;andar de malacopa&amp;quot;, a su vez, es adoptar una actitud de ese tipo o hacer actos indebidos como resultado del abuso del alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2715" LastEditorUserId="2715" LastEditDate="2020-10-06T00:31:44.700" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T00:31:44.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17310" CreationDate="2018-10-20T15:05:15.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las tallas no son exclusivas de Chile. Esta palabra se usa en Panamá, Costa Rica, México, Cuba, Chile y otros países.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi nombre es César Samudio, de Chiriquí, república de Panamá. Soy autor del libro &lt;em&gt;Tallas Chiricanas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20369" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-22T08:59:59.287" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T08:59:59.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27629" CreationDate="2018-10-20T16:20:12.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el verbo “gustar” el sujeto gramatical representa una cosa o una persona pasiva, y el complemento indirecto es el verdadero sujeto lógico, que habla de sus emociones, ideas, intereses o preferencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo concuerda con el sujeto gramatical. Si el sujeto gramatical es un sustantivo: como “gato/s”, hay que usar el artículo determinado concordando en género y número “el, los, la, las”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta el gato: el gato concreto del que hablamos.&#xA;Me gustan los gatos: los gatos en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es incorrecto decir “me gustan gatos”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sujeto también puede ser un infinitivo, un pronombre personal o una proposición nominal o sustantiva. En esos casos no es correcto usar artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta conducir.&#xA;Me gustas tú.&#xA;Me gusta que las cosas salgan bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español es igual de correcto usar o no artículo al indicar que el sujeto ejerce una profesión en tercera persona: “él es médico” o “él es un médico”. En primera y Segunda persona se utiliza sin artículo: “soy médico”, aunque “soy un médico” podría utilizarse para dar énfasis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20361" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-10-22T00:50:10.823" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T00:50:10.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-20T19:05:06.457" Score="2" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I may have been confusing.  I am looking for a book of Spanish verb conjugation for English readers.  What is the best such book?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My original wording:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend's French teacher recommended a particular book* of verb conjugations that she considered the very best of the many such books available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a book of Spanish verb conjugations that is similarly considered best-in-class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[*] - Bescherelle Complete Guide to Conjugating 12 000 French Verbs (Hatier)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20201" LastEditorUserId="20201" LastEditDate="2018-10-21T20:13:17.127" LastActivityDate="2020-06-14T17:45:31.470" Title="Best Spanish verb book?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2020-06-15T14:28:40.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27303" CreationDate="2018-10-20T21:36:01.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Encantar&lt;/em&gt; works like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;. It's not a pronominal verb (i.e. a verb that takes a &quot;reflexive&quot; pronoun even though it's not truly reflexive). You see &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; almost always with a pronoun, as with &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, because of the quirky way these verbs work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the Spanish verb &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt; and the English equivalent &quot;to love&quot;, the usual sentence structure is the familiar one, &lt;strong&gt;subject + verb + direct object&lt;/strong&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ellos aman viajar a España.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the whole phrase &lt;em&gt;«viajar a España»&lt;/em&gt; is the direct object. The verb &lt;em&gt;adorar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;to adore&quot;) also works in this familiar way. But things are different with &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt;. The sentence structure with them is more commonly &lt;strong&gt;indirect object + verb + subject&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(A ellos) les encanta viajar a España.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(A nosotros) nos gusta mucho hacer turismo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the pronouns &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;nos&lt;/em&gt; are the indirect objects, and the phrases in parentheses are also indirect objects (this duplication is sometimes compulsory; here it's just for emphasis). With these verbs, the thing that is liked/adored/loved is the subject, and the people that like/adore/love that thing are the indirect object. &lt;em&gt;Gustar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to please&quot;, &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to charm, to please very much&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no exact parallel to this in English, but the verb &lt;em&gt;to seem&lt;/em&gt; + adjective works in a similar way when you say for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To me it seems better to stay here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &quot;To me&quot; is the indirect object and &quot;to stay here&quot; is the subject, which due to English grammatical rules must be mirrored by a dummy &quot;it&quot; before the verb. This is also how &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt; works in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me parece mejor quedarme aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-09T05:55:14.707" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T05:55:14.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27303" CreationDate="2018-10-21T00:41:41.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's correct because it also can be &quot;A ellos les encanta viajar a España&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other exaples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(A ellos) les encanta comer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(A ellos) les encanta jugar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(A ellos) les gusta bailar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;se&quot; means something like to himself (él mismo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él mismo va  /  se va    [he leaves/himself leaves]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Él mismo quiere morir    /   Se quiere morir   [he wants to die/himself wants to die]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20375" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T00:41:41.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27665" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27667" CreationDate="2018-10-21T02:12:02.573" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should I use &quot;los son&quot; or just &quot;son&quot; for &quot;they are&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por esta razón creo que hay un universo alternativo conectado al nuestro y pienso que &lt;strong&gt;los son&lt;/strong&gt; conectados por nuestro clase de español. No voy a poder dormir esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14143" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-22T08:51:15.603" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T08:51:15.603" Title="Should I use &quot;los son&quot; or just &quot;son&quot; for &quot;they are&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27665" CreationDate="2018-10-21T04:35:24.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to say &quot;they are (so connected)&quot; you can use the neuter attributive &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; (distinct from the masculine, and never pluralized regardless the reference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, because you put in the predicate adjective &lt;em&gt;conectados&lt;/em&gt;, you can not use it, and thus you should just put say &quot;son&quot; or, if you really want another word, &quot;ellos son&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T04:35:24.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27665" CreationDate="2018-10-21T09:49:50.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer is  just &quot;&lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you must use &quot;están&quot;. &quot;Ser conectado&quot; does not make sense (unless it's a passive voice, which is not the case). Being connected is a possible state (state↔estar). They could get disconnected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, you don't need lo or los, because you are already writing the word &quot;connected&quot;. They are connected. &quot;Lo&quot; would be replacing the word &quot;connected&quot;, but it is already there, so it has not been replaced. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;You can say &quot;Lo están&quot; = &quot;Están conectados&quot;. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, since you're writing the word, then &quot;lo&quot; must not appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; does not replace the subject, because it is an object pronoun. It is replacing the atribute. Remember that &quot;they&quot; is &quot;ellos&quot;, not &quot;los&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing, remember that &quot;clase&quot; is feminine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por esta razón creo que hay un universo alternativo conectado al nuestro y pienso que &lt;strong&gt;están&lt;/strong&gt; conectados por nuestr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; clase de español. No voy a poder dormir esta noche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T09:49:50.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27303" CreationDate="2018-10-21T16:22:46.717" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An explanation &lt;strong&gt;for English speakers&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use the verb &lt;strong&gt;encantar&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;loving something&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;really liking something&lt;/strong&gt;, it &lt;strong&gt;works reflexively&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I just love&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fried eggs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. [Fried eggs are &quot;enchanting&quot; to me: you can see how that works. I only put this here so you can see the literal structure in Spanish.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;encantan&lt;/strong&gt; los huevos fritos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? Because in Spanish, &lt;strong&gt;algo&lt;/strong&gt; encanta &lt;strong&gt;a alguien&lt;/strong&gt;, is &quot;to someone&quot;,and this fact, gives you: &#xA;me encanta [a mi]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;te encanta [a ti]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;le encanta [ a él, a ella, a usted]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;nos encanta [a nosotros]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;os encanta [a vosotros]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;les encanta [a ellos, a ellas, a ustedes].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The personal pronoun is only used for emphasis or in some cases to clarify who is being referred to.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if the &quot;algo&quot; is a PLURAL word, the &lt;strong&gt;verb&lt;/strong&gt; has to be in the third person plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to the eggs: I love fried &lt;strong&gt;eggs&lt;/strong&gt; becomes:&lt;p&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;encantan&lt;/strong&gt; los huevos fritos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip: when the direct object of the verb is plural, make the verb third person plural. This works for all &lt;strong&gt;strictly reflexive verbs&lt;/strong&gt; like &lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt; [algo o alguien a alguien] or verbs that are used reflexively and, which when used that way, have another meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: La bruja encantó las chicas.=The witch put a spell on the girls.&lt;p&gt;compare that to:&lt;p&gt;Me encantan las brujas. = I (really) love witches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advice: write out a few simple sentences with various persons (first person, etc.) and singular or plural things loved and practice them over and over. This will make it easier to internalize these structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a tricky thing about the third person singular or plural:&#xA;They &lt;strong&gt;don't like it&lt;/strong&gt; [the house or the houses]. No &lt;strong&gt;se les&lt;/strong&gt; gusta. No &lt;strong&gt;se les&lt;/strong&gt; gustan. You can't have lo or la with les, so se is used instead. That is a special case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, these verbs are called: verbos pseudo-impersonales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This paper presents a study of Spanish verbs such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;constar, convenir , gustar, sobrar  and suceder  –called&#xA;  ‘pseudoimpersonal’ verbs by some authors and treated as ‘bivalent&#xA;  intransitives’ by others–, which appear in sentences of the form&#xA;  IO-V-S, where the subject is commonly propositional and the indirect&#xA;  object tends to be expressed by personal pronouns with human&#xA;  reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.edu/450885/Los_verbos_seudo-impersonales_del_espa%C3%B1ol._Una_caracterizaci%C3%B3n_sem%C3%A1ntico-sint%C3%A1ctica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pseudo-impersonal verbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: I did not call these verbs reflexive. I said they work like reflexives in the third person. And they do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He likes it: &lt;strong&gt;le gusta a él&lt;/strong&gt; OR &lt;strong&gt;se le gusta&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't have &lt;strong&gt;lele&lt;/strong&gt; gusta in Spanish. The le becomes se.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same manner, for strictly reflexive verbs, like despertarse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;me despierto, I wake  up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUT:&lt;/strong&gt; to wake up someone's instinct for as in: that awoke his desire to [do whatever]=despertarse a alguien algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be: &lt;strong&gt;se le despertó&lt;/strong&gt; el deseo de [hacer etc.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="19182" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T17:24:43.397" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T17:24:43.397" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27662" CreationDate="2018-10-21T17:31:05.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am familiar with the Bescherelle for French verbs (at least the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.editions-hatier.fr/article/bescherelle-poche-conjugaison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;French edition&lt;/a&gt;) and I assume you are referring to the &quot;Bescherelle&quot; for Spanish verbs. This book exists in a Spanish and a French edition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bescherelle - El arte de conjugar en español&lt;/em&gt; by Francis Mateo and Antonio José Rojo Sastre. I own the 1994 edition, but it was reprinted in 1998.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bescherelle espagnol: les verbes&lt;/em&gt;, published by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.editions-hatier.fr/article/bescherelle-espagnol-les-verbes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hatier in 2008&lt;/a&gt;. ISBN 978-2-218-92617-4. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can browse the French edition on Hatier's website. If you are interested only in the verb tables, it doesn't matter much whether you buy the French or the Spanish edition, but if you also need the grammar section (at the back of the French edition or at the front of the Spanish edition), you should of course buy the version in the language you are most familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The French edition has some additional information below the verb tables that I don't have in the Spanish edition. For example, it tells you that &lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; also serves as a model for the conjugation of abstener, atenerse, contener, etc. (Otherwise, I prefer the layout of the 1994 Spanish editon over that of the 2008 French edition.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not aware of an English edition of this book. There are alternatives, which are typically less compact. The closest thing to the Bescherelle book is &lt;em&gt;Spanish Verb Conjugation Quick Reference&lt;/em&gt; by Miriam Sánchez and Carla Davis, published by Drizzle Books in 2012. The tables in this book skip all the compound tenses (pretérito perfecto, pretérito pluscuamperfecto, etc.), making the book more compact. However, I had never heard of this book nor its publisher before I started researching this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13852" LastEditorUserId="19075" LastEditDate="2020-06-14T17:45:31.470" LastActivityDate="2020-06-14T17:45:31.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27675" CreationDate="2018-10-21T22:48:15.437" Score="2" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the correct way to say &lt;code&gt;&quot;I think I'll go there&quot;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should use subjunctive form, correct? And the future tense of it, not present?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore it'd be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I did a google search and found almost nothing with the word &quot;fuere&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should I use 'vaya' in this case instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que &lt;strong&gt;vaya&lt;/strong&gt; allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-22T13:22:56.223" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T01:54:44.497" Title="Subjunctive future form -- how and when to use it? Example with &quot;I think I'll go there&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27671" CreationDate="2018-10-21T23:35:09.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fuera (not fuere) would be the subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. For example, &quot;si fuera yo tú&quot; (&lt;em&gt;if I were you&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you want to say is, &quot;Creo que me vaya por allá&quot; (&lt;em&gt;I think that I'll go there&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18835" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T23:35:09.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27671" CreationDate="2018-10-21T23:39:29.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your particular example there isn’t a need for any subjunctive, just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que voy a ir para allí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pienso que iré allí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among other variants. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s the &lt;em&gt;lack&lt;/em&gt; of belief that can trigger the subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que vaya a ir para allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if we’re specifically trying to use &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; I suppose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que yo fuere para allí. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could work, it’s at least very uncommon and probably debateable correctness wise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some definitely legit uses of &lt;strong&gt;fuere&lt;/strong&gt; that you’ll see from time to time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A dónde usted fuere, haga lo que usted viere.&#xA;  - To wherever you may go, do as however you may see. (When in Rome, do as the Romans do.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sea lo que fuere. &#xA;  - Be that as it may. / Whatever the case may be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="12661" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T01:54:44.497" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T01:54:44.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27671" CreationDate="2018-10-21T23:58:42.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The future subjunctive basically isn't used at all in modern Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even when it was used, it would not likely have been used in the instance you gave since it almost always was used in adverbial or adjectival clauses.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you really wanted to use future subjunctive in your example we need to fulfill several things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Begin the sentence in future (that is, &lt;em&gt;creeré&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a verb that causes subjunctive (perhaps negating &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer to action that will be simultaneous to or posterior to the action described in 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could end up with a sentence like the following than:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creeré que fuere allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this sounds horrible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your sentence, you'll notice that even in English you begin with &quot;I think&quot;, which is in the present tense.  Thus we'll want to begin the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second bit in English, &quot;I'll go there&quot; can be equally well expressed in Spanish as &quot;Voy allí&quot;, &quot;voy a ir allí&quot; or &quot;iré allí&quot; (and also will &lt;em&gt;allí&lt;/em&gt; in front).  All either explicitly or implicitly indicate future actions.  If you include an adverb that indicates a future time, then even for &quot;voy allí&quot; which is ambiguous otherwise, there is no question we mean future.  So you can say any of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Creo que voy allí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Creo que voy a ir allí&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Creo que iré allí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T23:58:42.687" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2018-10-22T01:55:29.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Puerto Rico, the word &amp;quot;cabrón&amp;quot; also means &amp;quot;nigga&amp;quot;, because when we talk about guys or guys we know we refer them a &amp;quot;cabrón&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabrón, ¿qué haces? &lt;sub&gt;Watchu up?, ma nigga.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Johnny Sins? ¿ése calvito cabrón de Brazzers? &lt;sub&gt;Johnny Sins?, is that the bald-headed nigga from Brazzers?&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T11:22:15.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27653" CreationDate="2018-10-22T17:33:13.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eso significa que los niños acaban de llegar.  Y si quieres poner más énfasis en que ya en este momento, puedes decir &quot;ahoritita.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es correcto de lo que yo he entendido.  Es muy común en México hablar así y dudo que haya regla en su contra en la Academia mexicana o española. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T17:33:13.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27682" CreationDate="2018-10-22T18:02:12.130" Score="3" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces en México he oído que se dice algo así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ójala &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; llueva mañana.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto en español formal debería ser:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ójala &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; llueva mañana.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es la siguiente.  ¿Cómo trata la Academia Mexicana de la lengua refiriéndose a este aparente arcaísmo (parece que viene del uso medieval del castellano)?  ¿Es considerado solamente incorrecto en términos gramáticales o es considerado un uso regional del dialecto mexicano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como pregunta adicional, ¿hay otros dialectos del castellano en otros países donde se usa esto también?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2018-10-25T14:19:24.207" LastActivityDate="2018-10-25T14:19:24.207" Title="Uso de &quot;Y&quot; en lugar de &quot;que&quot; en Mexico para cláusulas subordinadas" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-22T18:11:12.883" Score="11" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo podría escribir estos nombres sin perder los nombres individuales? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Melina Alvárez, Celina Alvárez, Betty Alvárez, Luis Alvárez y Héctor&#xA;  Barquero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría escribir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Melina, Celina, Betty y Luis Alvárez y Héctor Barquero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque se escucharía mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Héctor Barquero, Melina, Celina, Betty y Luis Alvárez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta más la última forma, ¿pero es válida?&#xA;¿Debiera de llevar un punto y coma luego de Hector Barquero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización:&#xA;He tomado de mientras la solución de @Gustavson a menos que me la cambien en el departamento de lingüística.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Héctor Barquero y los hermanos Alvárez – Luis, Melina, Celina y Betty – por estar presentes ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le agradezco también a @Karlomanio y @pablodf76 por aportar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actualización: No es legal, sólo formal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20385" LastEditorUserId="20385" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T05:56:13.813" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T05:56:13.813" Title="¿Cómo escribir varios nombres con el mismo apellido?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27679" CreationDate="2018-10-22T19:21:11.530" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contestando a tu segunda pregunta, de seguro hay otros países que usan las dos formas, siendo la segunda mas formal en gramática.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ojala y todos estén bien&quot; -&#xA;&quot;Ojala que todos estén bien&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas se usan en Puerto Rico, y seguro que en otros países también lo utilizan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20380" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T19:21:11.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27679" CreationDate="2018-10-22T20:25:00.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua (Méjico no es una monarquía, por lo que no puede ser real) en sí, no tengo idea, pero coeditó el Diccionario de Americanismos, y este dice lo siguiente: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;y.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;I.    1.&lt;/strong&gt;    conj. &lt;em&gt;Mx, Ch, Py&lt;/em&gt;. Se usa para enfatizar en construcciones que expresan deseo o mandato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, habrá una diferencia entre decir &lt;em&gt;ojalá que…&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ojalá y…&lt;/em&gt;, siendo el segundo más enfático que el primero.  Según este diccionario, también se emplea en Chile y el Paraguay. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27681/4182&quot;&gt;Según HydraExiled&lt;/a&gt;, también se usa en Puerto Rico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-10-22T20:25:00.297" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27684" CreationDate="2018-10-22T21:56:12.143" Score="3" ViewCount="1073" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just recently heard this phrase for the first time in a song. I understand that it’s basically saying “the things of life” when translated literally, but I was wondering what the actual intent of this phrase is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the direct translation, I assume that it’s similar to English phrases like “Such is life”, or “That’s the way she goes.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this assumption correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20386" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T14:36:36.417" Title="“Son las cosas de la vida” equivalent in English" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27683" CreationDate="2018-10-22T23:27:58.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is commonly used as an expression for the things you can't change in life or moments in life that you go through, either good or bad. &quot;Así es la vida&quot; is another option which translates to &quot;That's how life is&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20380" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-23T14:36:36.417" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T14:36:36.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27683" CreationDate="2018-10-23T02:31:27.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your assumption is correct, is a way of saying  “Such is life” and it is used when something bad has happened to say that someone must accept things the way they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can hear some other &amp;quot;siblings&amp;quot; of this expression, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son cosas que pasan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así es la vida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es lo que hay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or even&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son gajes del oficio (occupational hazards, like, there are certain bad things that you'll have to deal with)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these are similar to &amp;quot;shit happens&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8799/5481&quot;&gt;dealt with it&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, not in the sense that they try to be harsh or mean, but just to convey that &lt;em&gt;that's the way the cookie crumbles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T02:31:27.897" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27688" CreationDate="2018-10-23T17:44:56.480" Score="3" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he encontrado una cita de Napoleón que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre aquellos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión hay muchos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta oprimir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.brainyquote.com/es/citas/napoleon-bonaparte_383308&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brainyquote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ese uso de los &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; me suena un poco raro. Yo habría dicho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre aquellos &lt;strong&gt;a los que&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión hay muchos &lt;strong&gt;a los que&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta oprimir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre aquellos &lt;strong&gt;a quienes&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión hay muchos &lt;strong&gt;a quienes&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta oprimir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;incluso aceptaría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre aquellos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; no gustan de la opresión hay muchos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; gustan de oprimir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esa primera versión con el uso de &amp;quot;que&amp;quot; junto con el pronombre &amp;quot;les&amp;quot; me resulta muy raro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es válida esa primera forma y si es así, qué tipo de &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; tenemos ahí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T22:58:14.510" Title="¿Están los &quot;que&quot; bien usado en esta cita de Napoleón?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4760" CreationDate="2018-10-23T19:35:24.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll talk about its usage in Spani, altough I'm pretty sure it works in other places, such as Colombia. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends on how you say it. The intonation will show your intentions.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IF you say it in a friendly way, it's not an insult. Caution: this implies being effusive, warmly. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ey, eres un cabrón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Said warmly, it means that you've been smart, it's like &quot;nice move&quot;, you're a master. So this is good. It's actually (uh you beat me, I could feel dissapointed/offended, but I don't, because I admire your intelligence of doing that move, you're a good one&quot;. So it becomes a good thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also be used for lazy people. IT's like &quot;you don't bother to move your ass and you don't care what people say&quot;. Yes, thath's a bad thing, but it is understood as &quot;you manage yourself to save work, altough many people don't like it, but they don't dislike it so, so much. So you end up getting what you want without effort. Good move&quot;. And yes, that's a good thing, or at least not a bad thing haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOWEVER, if you use that very sentence speaking seriously, or angrily, iti s definitely an insult. It's all about if you're showing joke or seriousness when saying it. I know, Spanish is hard haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T19:35:24.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27686" CreationDate="2018-10-23T19:53:10.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;que&quot; en esta oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre aquellos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión hay muchos &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta oprimir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es anómalo. Se trata de un caso de &quot;queísmo relativo&quot; o &quot;despronominalización del relativo&quot;, por cuanto en lugar de mantener su función pronominal &quot;que&quot; queda reducido a un mero nexo. La función pronominal es asumida por un pronombre personal que aparece dentro de la relativa (en este caso, el complemento indirecto &quot;les&quot;), cuando lo habitual sería su duplicación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La opresión no &lt;strong&gt;les&lt;/strong&gt; gusta &lt;strong&gt;a ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Les&lt;/strong&gt; gusta oprimir &lt;strong&gt;a ellos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este fenómeno de convertir al relativo &quot;que&quot; en un simple conector, bastante habitual en la lengua oral, debe evitarse en la lengua escrita, donde &quot;que&quot; debe ser precedido por la preposición que le corresponda según su función dentro de la proposición relativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la oración en cuestión, &quot;que&quot; debe ser &quot;a los que&quot; (o &quot;a quienes&quot;) puesto que el complemento indirecto requiere la preposición &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-10-23T22:58:14.510" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T22:58:14.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27686" CreationDate="2018-10-23T20:01:53.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambos &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; están mal usados. El antecedente de ambas subordinadas, que es el pronombre &lt;em&gt;aquellos&lt;/em&gt; del comienzo, es sintácticamente el objeto indirecto de &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, de manera que debería estar marcado con la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;; más allá de eso, como señala OP, se podría usar &lt;em&gt;los que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;quienes&lt;/em&gt;. Así como está, &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; estaría funcionando como un sujeto, pero el sujeto es &lt;em&gt;la opresión&lt;/em&gt; en la primera cláusula y &lt;em&gt;oprimir&lt;/em&gt; en la segunda. La transformación gramatical es levemente distinta en cada caso porque la primera parte habla de un conjunto definido de personas y la segunda es una cláusula de existencia, pero es un detalle que no cambia el punto principal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a ellos&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a los que&lt;/strong&gt; no les gusta la opresión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a muchos les gusta oprimir&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;→ &lt;em&gt;hay &lt;strong&gt;muchos a los que&lt;/strong&gt; les gusta oprimir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé otros lugares, pero en el uso coloquial rioplatense esta forma es tan habitual que ya casi se diría que es la norma. Curiosamente no está incluido entre los usos poco cuidados ni los errores habituales que menciona &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DPD en su artículo sobre el pronombre relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Una cosa que sí dice el DPD es que en ciertas partes es común introducir en el subordinada un pronombre átono redundante, con el mismo referente que el relativo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Es una cosa que &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; puedo compartir»&lt;/em&gt; (← &lt;em&gt;que puedo&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...y que esto provoca a su vez, a veces, que se suprima la preposición que indica la función del relativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«El hermano de tu amiga, que &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; conocí ayer...»&lt;/em&gt; (← &lt;em&gt;al que conocí&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al decir &lt;em&gt;aquellos que les gusta&lt;/em&gt; se está, justamente, suprimiendo la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; que debería preceder al pronombre relativo, quizá porque el pronombre dativo &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; en el interior de la subordinada ya es indicación suficiente de la función de objeto indirecto. Este &lt;em&gt;les&lt;/em&gt; es redundante pero, a diferencia de los casos ejemplificados por el DPD, es gramatical, ya que el castellano exige repetir el objeto indirecto como pronombre átono en esta estructura (por eso &lt;em&gt;a ellos gusta&lt;/em&gt; está mal y debemos decir &lt;em&gt;a ellos les gusta&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T20:01:53.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27691" CreationDate="2018-10-24T15:35:48.460" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien podría ayudarme en esto?&#xA;Entiendo que el equivalente es cuando el verbo es usado en un estado conjugado, diferente a su uso como infinitivo y gerundio. &#xA;Alguna opinión por favor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16907" LastActivityDate="2018-10-24T16:48:56.470" Title="Equivalente de «finite verb» del inglés en español." Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27690" CreationDate="2018-10-24T16:48:56.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llaman verbos en &lt;strong&gt;forma personal&lt;/strong&gt;. En español las formas &lt;em&gt;impersonales&lt;/em&gt; son tres: el infinitivo, el gerundio y el participio. Todas las demás formas son formas personales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojo: es diferente un verbo personal, que admite sujeto, a un verbo en forma personal, que es una flexión del verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-10-24T16:48:56.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27694" CreationDate="2018-10-24T19:12:18.367" Score="7" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a sentence of mine, the ordinal number &lt;em&gt;fifty third&lt;/em&gt; comes up. Now, I believe the word to be &lt;em&gt;cincuenta tercero&lt;/em&gt;, but that's word for word translation. I wonder if something is to happen with &lt;em&gt;fifty&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. that the Spanish language converts fifty to fiftieth (fiftieth third).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make it clearer what I'm asking; whom is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cincuenta tercero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quincuagésimo tercero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter example seems ridicolous, but then again, there are probably  languages out there that deals with multiple digit ordinal numbers this way. Is Spanish one of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20022" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T12:08:05.327" Title="What happens to ordinal numbers when translated to Spanish?" Tags="&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27692" CreationDate="2018-10-24T21:02:54.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ordinal number for 53 is &lt;em&gt;quincuagésimo tercero&lt;/em&gt;, as you've found. In Spanish each part of the cardinal number (for example, 53, &lt;em&gt;cincuenta y tres&lt;/em&gt;) is turned into its corresponding ordinal, only without the &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; (if there was one); if the cardinal is a single word but two figures, you must imagine them separated (&lt;em&gt;veintidós&lt;/em&gt; → &lt;em&gt;veinte y dos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the smaller ordinal numbers have irregular and/or alternative forms; for example, for 11 &lt;em&gt;once&lt;/em&gt; you have both &lt;em&gt;undécimo&lt;/em&gt; and the more modern regular form &lt;em&gt;décimo primero&lt;/em&gt; (and J. L. Borges famously used yet another form, &lt;em&gt;onceno&lt;/em&gt;). The parts of the ordinals that are made up of tens and units, up to 29, can be found as two words (&lt;em&gt;vigésimo quinto&lt;/em&gt;) or one (&lt;em&gt;vigesimoquinto&lt;/em&gt;); the tens+units above 29 are all written as two words (&lt;em&gt;trigésimo primero&lt;/em&gt;, never &lt;em&gt;*trigesimoprimero&lt;/em&gt;). This arbitrary rule, incidentally, follows the one about whether you can write a two-figure number as one (&lt;em&gt;veinticinco&lt;/em&gt;) or two (&lt;em&gt;treinta y uno&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already guessed, many of the less obvious forms are basically never used; any educated speaker will understand &lt;em&gt;quincuagésimo&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;fiftieth&quot; but far fewer will get &lt;em&gt;noningentésimo&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;nine hundredth&quot;. The modern tendency is to make up ordinals in a regular way using a suffix, &lt;em&gt;-avo&lt;/em&gt; (feminine &lt;em&gt;-ava&lt;/em&gt;, plural &lt;em&gt;-avos, -avas&lt;/em&gt;) that is/was usually reserved for &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=fraccionarios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fractions&lt;/a&gt;. That is, to say &lt;em&gt;onceavo, doceavo, treceavo, ..., cincuentaitresavo, cincuentaicuatroavo&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Since ordinals and fractions are not prone to be mixed up, people find this OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are additional complications with numbers higher than two or three figures, but for the most part these are rarely found in speech, and in writing they are usually left as figures plus the ordinal signs (masculine º, feminine ª). When someone needs to say one of these out loud it's not uncommon to use the bare cardinal number (for example, you'll hear journalists saying &lt;em&gt;el doscientos cuarenta y dos aniversario de la Revolución Americana&lt;/em&gt;, instead of the proper &lt;em&gt;el ducentésimo cuadragésimo segundo aniversario...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T00:01:08.103" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T00:01:08.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27692" CreationDate="2018-10-25T06:26:41.773" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to hightlight the very useful link offered by @murderofcrows in the comments: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=ordinales&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ORDINALES&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you can find all that you need to know about &lt;strong&gt;ordinals&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use the adjective &lt;em&gt;ridiculous&lt;/em&gt; to address how we build ordinals. It just a way of expressing order. You may like it or not. It may be different from your native language but it's not ridiculous. I guess that Spanish has inherited it from Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me quote an interesting excerp from the link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;En la lengua corriente existe una marcada tendencia a evitar el uso de los ordinales, en especial los que se refieren a números altos, y a&#xA;  sustituirlos por los cardinales correspondientes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated to English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In current language exists a remarkable tendency about avoiding the use of ordinals, specially those that refer to high numbers, replacing&#xA;  them by the corresponding cardinals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answering your question, &lt;strong&gt;quincuagésimo tercero&lt;/strong&gt; is the right choice but you can also say just &lt;strong&gt;cincuenta y tres&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-02T12:08:05.327" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T12:08:05.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27700" CreationDate="2018-10-25T15:09:42.147" Score="7" ViewCount="1520" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/q/207801/83&quot;&gt;una pregunta&lt;/a&gt; en el Stack Overflow en español cuyo título es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;strong&gt;pushear&lt;/strong&gt; datos en un array vacio cada que vez que una funcion en disparada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hgNbU.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hgNbU.png&quot; alt=&quot;Como &amp;quot;pushear&amp;quot; datos en un array vacío ...&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pushear es obviamente una mala traducción. Para quienes no lo sepan, el método &lt;code&gt;push&lt;/code&gt; se utiliza para añadir un  elemento &lt;strong&gt;al final&lt;/strong&gt; de un &lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿Cómo traducir &lt;code&gt;push&lt;/code&gt; en el ámbito de la programación? Palabras cómo &lt;code&gt;añadir&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;agregar&lt;/code&gt; no son lo bastante exactas, mientras que palabras como &amp;quot;pushear&amp;quot; son una mala traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20089" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T19:55:02.953" Title="¿Cómo puede traducirse &quot;push&quot; en el ámbito de la programación?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-25T16:16:17.487" Score="11" ViewCount="1416" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent phrase in Spanish for &quot;the straw that broke the camel's back&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase usually refers to to the final thing that is added to a bunch of things to cause a large reaction and can be applied to nonphysical things like stress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14143" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-26T01:33:12.073" LastActivityDate="2018-11-03T19:31:31.163" Title="Equivalent expression for &quot;straw that broke the camel's back&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;dichos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27696" CreationDate="2018-10-25T16:22:17.550" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most similar I can think of in Spanish would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gota que colma el vaso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9ocTKSh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;colmar&lt;/a&gt; (overfill) means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Llenar una medida, un cajón, un cesto, etc., de &lt;strong&gt;modo que lo que se echa en ellos exceda su capacidad&lt;/strong&gt; y levante más que los bordes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the overall expression means &quot;it was just a tiny drop of water, but the glass was already completely full to the brim and overflowed&quot;. This is something you'll use to convey &quot;OK, I have been really patient, and this is the last thing I'm going to put up with!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-26T13:06:44.157" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T13:06:44.157" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27695" CreationDate="2018-10-25T18:28:57.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No se traduce, normalmente. Si te pones en site:.es [España] + programación sale un montón de:hacer push o hacer pull. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Traducciones posibles para&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;push data to an array&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;añadir datos en un array con el método push&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;usar push para añadir dados a un array&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;hacer push de los dados al array&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente, habrá otras también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son solo posibilidades. La informática es una especialidad y el español utiliza los términos del inglés directamente o de manera modificada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve, por ejemplo, una explicación sobre JavaScript en el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.videotutoriales.es/video-tutoriales-gratis-espanol-online/ejemplo-que-es-como-usar-push-array-javascript/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ejemplos de que es y como usar push en un ARRAY en javascript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;el método &lt;strong&gt;push&lt;/strong&gt; permite añadir un elemento al final de un array&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver en el siguiente ejemplo he creado una función que se llama mifuncion que se ejecuta al pulsar en el botón&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;http://alesanderlopez.es/git-y-github/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en otro sitio&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues cuando hagamos &lt;strong&gt;push&lt;/strong&gt; puede fallarnos, por lo que siempre antes de hacer un push debemos hacer un pull para tener siempre los ultimos cambios antes de subir los nuestros. [del sitio escrito por un programador en España]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro, push es empujar. A veces se puede poner este verbo.  También sale PUSH como comando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También vi: apilar o empujar (para push a stack) en una &lt;a href=&quot;http://personales.unican.es/pardol/Docencia/ComputComplex.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tesis&lt;/a&gt;. Esta tesis trata a fondo de esta pregunta y también dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;push: Apilar (empujar) una pila encima de otra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_arrays.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript arrays&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;array: en Javascript, es un ejemplo del uso del término array&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is an Array?&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could look like this:&#xA;  [...]An array can hold many values under a single name, and you can access the values by referring to an index number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tenemos la explicación en español: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sc.ehu.es/sbweb/fisica/cursoJava/fundamentos/clases1/arays.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arrays explicado en español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un array es un medio de guardar un conjunto de objetos de la misma clase. Se accede a cada elemento individual del array mediante un número entero denominado índice. 0 es el índice del primer elemento y n-1 es el índice del último elemento, siendo n, la dimensión del array. Los arrays son objetos en Java y como tales vamos a ver los pasos que hemos de seguir para usarlos convenientemente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Declarar el array&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Crear el array&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Inicializar los elementos del array    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Usar el array.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy traductora en estos temas. Claro, solo hacia el inglés. Hacer push se ve mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Los enlaces dan las referencias de los autores]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-06-12T19:55:02.953" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T19:55:02.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27695" CreationDate="2018-10-26T06:14:18.037" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con @murderofcrows en que probablemente la pregunta a la que te refieres es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/questions/207801/como-pushear-datos-en-un-array-vacio-cada-que-vez-que-una-funcion-en-disparada&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin ánimo de ofender a la persona que hacía la pregunta original, a mí el título me parece un engendro. &quot;&lt;em&gt;Como pushear datos en un array vacio cada que vez que una funcion en disparada&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero retomando el hilo de tu pregunta, la operación &lt;strong&gt;push&lt;/strong&gt; se aplica sobre tipos abstractos de datos LIFO - Last In, First Out (Último dentro, primero fuera) -, comúnmente conocidos como &lt;strong&gt;pilas&lt;/strong&gt; en castellano y stack en inglés. Las operaciones que puedes hacer sobre una pila son push y pop, que normalmente se traducen acertadamente como &lt;strong&gt;apilar&lt;/strong&gt; y desapilar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son operaciones que normalmente se hagan sobre un &lt;strong&gt;array&lt;/strong&gt;, tipo de datos que no tiene una traducción universal al castellano al contrario que pila. He llegado a leerlo como &quot;arreglo&quot;. Yo lo traduciría como &lt;strong&gt;casillero&lt;/strong&gt;, en cuanto que es un conjunto de casillas numeradas que pueden contener objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La operación que se usa para poner objetos en una casilla o posición del array es la &lt;strong&gt;asignación&lt;/strong&gt;. Se asigna un objeto a una posición determinada. Podrías emplear &lt;strong&gt;insertar&lt;/strong&gt; también, pero no refleja fielmente lo que ocurre realmente, pues no se suelen emplear métodos put/insert sobre los arrays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el ejemplo, no se está haciendo la asignación directamente, se está empleando una envoltura (wrapper) que simula el comportamiento de una pila sobre un array, de forma que el programador se despreocupe de la gestión de posiciones del array. Por eso se emplea el método &lt;strong&gt;push&lt;/strong&gt;. La acción no es pushear ni empujar ni nada parecido, la acción correcta es &lt;strong&gt;invocar el método push&lt;/strong&gt;. El método se llama exactamente así &quot;push&quot;, no es posible traducirlo al castellano porque no hay ningún método pushear ni apilar en ningún sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el método se llamara &lt;em&gt;pushAtTheEnd&lt;/em&gt;, los ingleses no usarían la expresión &quot;do the pushAtTheEnding&quot; o &quot;execute the pushAtTheEnding&quot;, sino &quot;invoke the method pushAtTheEnd&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, las funciones se invocan, son los eventos los que se lanzan o disparan. Otra más de las traducciones incorrectas que aparecen en título y texto originales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de la programación, yo recomendaría aprender inglés antes que intentar traducir al castellano. Los lenguajes de programación tienen definidos sus objetos y métodos en inglés; la mayoría de la bibliografía, física y on-line, está en inglés; la mayoría de programadores e ingenieros es capaz de comunicarse en inglés y el mejor sitio para resolver dudas, el StackOverflow original y primigenio, está en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-01T04:09:09.690" LastActivityDate="2018-11-01T04:09:09.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-26T12:17:43.223" Score="3" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few times when I was talking to some people in Mexico they used &quot;manejar&quot; instead of &quot;tengo&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did I understand them correctly and is this the case that &quot;manejar&quot; is used Mexico to mean &quot;to have&quot; &lt;strong&gt;sometimes&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-26T13:18:01.377" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T18:44:49.593" Title="How is &quot;manejar&quot; used in Mexico? As &quot;to have&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27701" CreationDate="2018-10-26T13:17:41.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=manejar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manejar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;III.  1.  tr. Ho, RD. Tener algo, poseer. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mexico is not listed in the dictionary among those countries which use the expression, but that actually doesn't mean much. Probably the use of &amp;quot;manejar&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;tener&amp;quot; has become more popular in Mexico and the dictionary is still behind registering it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T13:17:41.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27704" CreationDate="2018-10-26T17:27:22.670" Score="6" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo cuando era joven y frecuentaba los salones recreativos, que observaba embobado cómo algunos se pasaban fase tras fase en algunas máquinas, y decíamos que &quot;le tenía el vicio cogido&quot; o que &quot;tenía mucho vicio&quot; o que era &quot;un viciado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí el significado de aquella expresión, &quot;tener vicio en algo&quot;, era el de &quot;tener mucha habilidad&quot; o &quot;tener maestría&quot; jugando a algo. Por ejemplo, podía ver a alguien dando patadas a un balón sin que se le cayera al suelo y exclamar: &quot;¡Qué vicio!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy he ido a curiosear si ese significado de la palabra podía encontrarse en el DLE, pero &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=blIwWdu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no lo he visto&lt;/a&gt;. Así que me preguntaba: ¿es este uso de la palabra común fuera de Andalucía o de España? ¿O tal vez yo le daba a la palabra un significado diferente al que le podían dar los demás?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-10-27T04:37:45.740" Title="¿Existe una acepción positiva de &quot;vicio&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27703" CreationDate="2018-10-26T18:04:59.000" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estas solo, querido Charlie, yo (madrileño) lo he usado igual. El ejemplo más claro que puedo pensar es la expresión&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se te da de vicio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que entiendo que significa &quot;Esto se te da muy bien debido al mucho tiempo que has dedicado a esta actividad, que es un &lt;em&gt;vicio&lt;/em&gt; (en lugar de dedicarte a algo bueno o productivo)&quot;. Y creo que de ahí evolucionó a &quot;has cogido maestría en esta cosa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, aplicaría la sexta acepción del DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6 . m. Gusto especial o demasiado apetito de algo, que incita a usarlo frecuentemente y con exceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con ese uso frecuente, vendría la maestría. Esta acepción parece estar libre de la connotación de &quot;efecto dañino&quot; de la palabra &quot;vicio&quot;, aunque quizá esa adicción o &quot;demasiado apetito&quot; por la actividad es lo que se lo aporta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, creo que podrías decir que &quot;se te da de vicio&quot; tanto los juegos de ordenador como la programación, ambos debido a la extensa cantidad de horas que has dedicado a ambos. El primero es un hobby. El segundo, es un hobby y el instrumento de tu profesión. No podrías catalogarlo de &quot;placer culpable&quot; como el primero (aunque estoy seguro de que alguna vez tu mujer te ha dado una colleja por descuidar algo que tenías que hacer por estar &lt;em&gt;picando código&lt;/em&gt; en algún proyecto personal...), pero en definitiva ha sido esa &quot;adicción&quot; (o vicio) la que te ha llevado a pasar muchas horas haciendo algo y adquirir maestría en ello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T18:04:59.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27701" CreationDate="2018-10-26T18:52:37.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mean like something commented on this &lt;a href=&quot;https://pulpogenes.wordpress.com/2012/02/10/manual-de-muletillas-y-falsas-afirmaciones/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page&lt;/a&gt;, where you can find the phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Le vengo manejando...&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is used by sellers to emphasize what they are selling and differentiating it from what everyone else is able to offer you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the phrase &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;le vengo manejando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is used instead of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;today I have for you&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or something of the likes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13806" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T18:52:37.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27703" CreationDate="2018-10-27T04:37:45.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como complemento a la respuesta de Diego, la expresión &quot;estar de vicio&quot; también implica que algo es muy bueno (tan bueno que uno podría caer en el vicio de consumirlo continuamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastActivityDate="2018-10-27T04:37:45.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27708" CreationDate="2018-10-28T10:40:06.773" Score="6" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just realised that the subjunctive future tense is specific to Spanish and Portuguese (there's no such tense in French, Italian and Romanian) and I'm wondering where it comes from. The conjugation is essentially the suffix &lt;em&gt;-ere&lt;/em&gt; following the stem of preterite indicative tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examining the Latin conjugation table I think it might be related to the active subjunctive perfect, but I can't understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did Spanish develop the subjunctive future tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T11:56:17.130" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T11:56:17.130" Title="Where does the Future Subjunctive (subjuntivo futuro) tense come from?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27707" CreationDate="2018-10-28T12:19:55.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you note, there is no future subjunctive tense in Latin - it was a purely Iberian development, which explains its absence from French, Italian, Romanian etc. It developed from the merger of two very similar Latin tenses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.7.8.4.4 The future subjunctive. As we saw in 3.7.4.2, &lt;strong&gt;the Latin of Spain saw the creation of a future subjunctive (and later a future perfect subjunctive), which had no equivalent in Classical Latin, but which developed from Latin paradigms with other values. These paradigms were the future perfect indicative&lt;/strong&gt; (CANTAVERO) &lt;strong&gt;and the perfect subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; (CANTAVERIM). In both cases, as happened in the majority of the Latin perfective paradigms, the values expressed in Latin by these forms came to be expressed by new compound forms (respectively, HABERE HABEO CANTATUM and HABEAM CANTATUM, whence &lt;em&gt;habre cantado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;haya cantado&lt;/em&gt;) (see 3.7.4.1-3).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The paradigms CANTAVERO and CANTAVERIM, abbreviated to CANTARO and CANTARIM in the way examined in 3.7.4.2, differed morphologically only in the first person singular (-ARO vs. -ARIM), in the second person singular (-ARIS vs. -ARIS, a contrast eliminated by the regular development of final vowels), and in the accentuation of the first and second persons plural (-ÁRIMUS, -ÁRITIS vs. -ARÍMUS, -ARÍTIS, a difference which disappeared when speakers adopted the system of always stressing the theme vowel, here -ÁRIMUS, -ÁRITIS, in such cases; see 3.7.1.3.3). Consequently, the two paradigms were reduced to one in Old Spanish, with the occasional survival, in the first person singular, of &lt;em&gt;-m&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cantam&lt;/em&gt;), beside &lt;em&gt;-re&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cantare&lt;/em&gt;), or &lt;em&gt;-r&lt;/em&gt;, if we take account of apocope of &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; (see 3.7.1.4).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fx9rH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fx9rH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&amp;amp;pg=PA215&amp;amp;lpg=PA215&amp;amp;dq=spanish+future+subjunctive+latin+evolution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of the Spanish Language&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p215), Ralph Penny, Ralph John Penny&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-28T12:19:55.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27713" CreationDate="2018-10-29T02:53:38.863" Score="6" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does sentence one use the verb &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; and sentence two use the verb &lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt;? Both translations are from google translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu fin de semana? = &lt;em&gt;How was your weekend?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que tal fue tu noche? = &lt;em&gt;How was your night?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming both are referring to a date/time in the past, and that the person who is answering these questions likely wont change their opinion of these two dates, I would assume they would both use the verb ser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T14:54:21.557" Title="Why are &quot;ser&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; used in these two sentences?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-29T03:29:32.617" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am researching family and this shows up in documents in early 19th century Mexico, in this case a birth registry. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know what it means. I'm assuming it has something to do with being European only (in fact, the parties are Basque), but I am not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20432" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T20:17:44.060" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T20:17:44.060" Title="What does &quot;españoles&quot; legitimante mean?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-10-31T13:00:57.720" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27711" CreationDate="2018-10-29T07:17:08.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Legitimante&lt;/strong&gt; is the one that executes the action of the verb &lt;strong&gt;legitimar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=N53t0Dx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;legitimar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Convertir algo en legítimo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Probar o justificar la verdad de algo o la calidad de alguien o algo conforme a las leyes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Hacer legítimo al hijo que no lo era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This verb translates to &lt;strong&gt;legitimize&lt;/strong&gt; in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/legitimize&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;legitimize&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to make something legal or acceptable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;españoles legitimante&quot; makes no sense. Notice that the first word is in plural but the second isn't. If more than one Spanish people signed those documents to legitimize them, it should say &quot;españoles legitimante&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Maybe it's a typo and it says &lt;strong&gt;legítimamente&lt;/strong&gt;, the adverb that express that those persons had already legally proven to be from Spain and there was no futher need to proof it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your document says &quot;D.Pedro Pizarro y Dña.María Carmona, españoles legítimamente&quot; or something like that, it means that according to the laws, D.Pedro and Dña.María, were considered Spanish. Notice that Mexico were part of the Spanish Empire until its independence in 1821, it doesn't have to mean that they were born in Europe. It depends on the age of the documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T14:14:20.500" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T14:14:20.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27710" CreationDate="2018-10-29T08:11:58.120" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter if you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Que tal estuvo tu noche?&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;¿Que tal fue tu noche?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both mean the same, but &lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; is a little bit less formal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also notice that &lt;code&gt;fue&lt;/code&gt; in this case, comes from the verb &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; in the third person in the simple perfect preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because the sentence means something like: &lt;code&gt;how did your night go?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to end, the best verb to use in my opinion is the verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; if you want to  be formal, and &lt;code&gt;ir&lt;/code&gt; if you want to be more informal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other person will usually answer using the verb &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I helped you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20433" LastEditorUserId="20433" LastEditDate="2018-10-30T14:54:21.557" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T14:54:21.557" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24492" CreationDate="2018-10-29T12:29:24.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión, en sí misma, no está documentada de que provenga de ningún momento o tiempo en especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se presupone que viene de la dolorosa expulsión de piedras en el riñón (cálculos urinarios) y el estado de ánimo que ello produce.&#xA;En este acto, se presupone un estado de 'furia', la cual encaja con tu descripcion de 'enfadarse/molestarse'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se asume por la definición de &quot;botar&quot; de: 'Echar fuera, despedir' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión esta vinculada con la expresión &quot;sacar la piedra&quot; que tiene el mismo sentido con la expulsión de las piedras del riñon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he leido en &lt;a href=&quot;https://matadornetwork.com/es/cosas-que-los-venezolanos-decimos-cuando-estamos-enojados/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;9 Cosas que los venezolanos decimos cuando estamos enojados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que el termino &lt;em&gt;botar la piedra&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a &lt;em&gt;sacar la piedra&lt;/em&gt; que proviene del juego del dominó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunas ocasiones ocurre que tienes una unica ficha para poder colocarla y tienes justo la ocasión, pero justo antes alguien te la quita y te deja sin jugada, eso hace que 'saques la piedra' y te enfadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahi proviene que se utilize cuando alguien se enfada/enoja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20433" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T09:59:30.570" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T09:59:30.570" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27710" CreationDate="2018-10-29T14:55:57.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo estuvo tu fin de semana? = How was your weekend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Que tal fue tu noche? = How was your night?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;estuvo&amp;quot; suggests duration, similar to &amp;quot;how did you &lt;strong&gt;spend&lt;/strong&gt; your weekend,&amp;quot; with some stress being laid on the different moments experienced throughout the weekend, while &amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; points to the result, similar to &amp;quot;how did your night &lt;strong&gt;turn out&lt;/strong&gt;?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated in Karlomanio's comment, &amp;quot;fue&amp;quot; is ambiguous, as it can be the past simple of the verb &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt;) or &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;go&lt;/em&gt;). In the latter case, we can also use the ver &amp;quot;andar,&amp;quot; another verb of movement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cómo &lt;strong&gt;anduvo&lt;/strong&gt; tu noche?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When &amp;quot;ser&amp;quot; is implied, the idea conveyed is that of result. When &amp;quot;ir&amp;quot; is implied (or &amp;quot;andar&amp;quot; is used), the concept involved is that of process, as is the case with &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T14:55:57.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27717" CreationDate="2018-10-29T20:43:12.267" Score="3" ViewCount="1116" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España se usa la locución verbal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entrarle a una chica (o a un grupo de chicas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para describir esa situación en la que quieres comenzar una conversación con una chica que te atrae y no conoces. Es decir, estando en un bar, discoteca, o incluso en otras situaciones (en clase, el supermercado, etc) alguien ve a una chica que le gusta pero no conoce y quiere &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;entrarle&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;: ponerse hablar con ella, conocerla, y ver si se puede establecer una relación de algún tipo. Es decir, &lt;em&gt;entrarle&lt;/em&gt; a una chica es el primer paso para &lt;em&gt;ligar&lt;/em&gt; (es la connotación de esta locución).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=FkLKqOW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrar&lt;/a&gt; tiene actualmente 32 acepciones en su entrada en el DRAE y ninguna parece recoger este uso, salvo quizá la 18a, o la 20a si se fuerza un poco el sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;18 intr. Llegar a ejercer influencia en el ánimo de alguien. &lt;em&gt;A Fulano no hay por donde entrarle&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;20 intr. Empezar a tener conocimiento o práctica de algo. &lt;em&gt;No pude entrarle a la lengua griega&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo veo que en las notas se incluyen dos locuciones verbales del tipo &amp;quot;entrarle a alguien o algo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entrarle a algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. El Salv., Méx. y Ur. Acometer una empresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Para mí esta es casi la vigésima acepción que se exponía arriba, pero entiendo que se cita como locución de esos tres países en particular porque tiene un matiz distinto, un pelín más amplio que &amp;quot;Empezar a tener conocimiento&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entrarle a alguien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Méx. Golpearlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo eso, para mi la acepción que mejor se ajusta a &amp;quot;Entrarle a una chica (o a un grupo de chicas)&amp;quot; sería la decimoctava acepción: &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;intentar&lt;/em&gt; ejercer influencia sobre el ánimo de alguien&amp;quot;, pero es discutible que el acto de &amp;quot;entrarle&amp;quot; a alguien y el llegar tener la oportunidad de hablar son dos cosas distintas (es decir, le entras a la chica, ella te dice &amp;quot;que te pires &lt;em&gt;pesao&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; y le has entrado pero has tenido cero oportunidad de intentar influenciar su ánimo hacia ti). Aparte, el sentido es mucho más amplio en esa decimoctava acepción, ya que como explicaba antes, la connotación de &amp;quot;entrarle a una esa chica&amp;quot; es que quieres intentar ligártela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo que ninguna de las 32 acepciones realmente me cuadra, pero tampoco se recoge como una de las excepciones que se listan al final (esas locuciones verbales) me pregunto: ¿Cómo incluye el diccionario la acepción de &amp;quot;entrar&amp;quot; que se usa en &amp;quot;entrarle a una chica&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me equivoco yo y se recoge en alguna de esas 32 acepciones? ¿Falta y debería incluirse como una locución verbal aparte en las notas del final como un regionalismo? ¿Acaso se recoge este uso de otra manera en la que no me he dado cuenta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-12-19T14:18:58.130" Title="¿Cómo recoge el diccionario el uso de &quot;entrar&quot; en &quot;Entrarle a una chica&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27716" CreationDate="2018-10-29T21:15:33.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, si bien es bastante posible vincular este significado específico de &lt;em&gt;entrarle a alguien&lt;/em&gt; con varias de las acepciones del DLE, debería haber una entrada aparte para la locución como se la usa en España, porque aunque el Diccionario no puede cubrir todos los posibles significados con sus usos figurativos, metafóricos y por extensión, está claro que esta locución tiene un uso muy particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay que observar que en México &lt;em&gt;entrarle a alguien&lt;/em&gt; significa golpearlo; en Argentina, &lt;em&gt;entrarle a alguien&lt;/em&gt; (en este contexto) se interpretaría más probablemente como lograr un contacto físico íntimo (sea cual fuere). De manera que sin una aclaración específica, un hablante que se encuentra con esto por primera vez tendría para elegir entre varias posibles interpretaciones sugeridas por el verbo &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá &lt;em&gt;entrarle a alguien&lt;/em&gt; pueda interpretarse como una de las acepciones intransitivas de &lt;em&gt;entrar&lt;/em&gt; (las que tienen que ver con pasar del exterior al interior de algo, o con dedicarse a algo) modificada por un &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26171/all-about-datives-or-whats-that-funny-le-or-me-doing-in-there&quot;&gt;dativo de interés&lt;/a&gt;. Este uso sería paralelo a la locución &lt;em&gt;entrarle a algo&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;acometer una empresa&quot; y que figura en el DLE como propio de El Salvador, México y Uruguay; en Argentina se usa más habitualmente con el significado de &quot;empezar a comer algo&quot; (con la connotación de que lo que se come es mucho y/o que se come con muchas ganas). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T21:15:33.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-10-30T10:25:27.943" Score="4" ViewCount="782" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &lt;em&gt;escribir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;redactar&lt;/em&gt;? They both mean &quot;to write&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20439" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-10-30T13:17:51.867" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T13:17:51.867" Title="What's the difference between Escribir and Redactar?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27718" CreationDate="2018-10-30T12:22:38.853" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are not exactly the same. You can replace &quot;redactar&quot; by &quot;escribir&quot; but not the other way around, you can't replace &quot;escribir&quot; by &quot;redactar&quot; in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GKCiBz2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escribir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Representar las palabras o las ideas con letras u otros signos trazados en papel u otra superficie.&lt;br/&gt; &#xA;  [English: Represent words or ideas with letters or other signs tracing them over paper or other surface]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VXtFmRo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;redactar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Poner por escrito algo sucedido, acordado o pensado con anterioridad.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  [English: Write down something that has happened, has been accorded or has been thought previously]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me offer you an example. In Spanish we have the word &lt;strong&gt;redacción&lt;/strong&gt;, the object resulting of &lt;strong&gt;redactar&lt;/strong&gt;, whose equivalent in English is &lt;strong&gt;composition&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D.R.A.E&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VXsbk59&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;redacción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Acción y efecto de redactar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Especialmente en la escuela, escrito redactado como ejercicio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cambridge Dictionary&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/composition&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;composition&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a short piece of writing about a particular subject, done by a student&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write/&lt;strong&gt;escribir&lt;/strong&gt; random words in a piece of paper but if they don't form meaningful phrases, that piece of writing is not a composition/&lt;strong&gt;redacción&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T12:22:38.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2018-10-30T14:56:07.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acá la &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/866977571748986880?lang=es&amp;amp;fbclid=IwAR1uebfchi3qK7fH_1Tu0T523u3LPjq5ozlH8SeB46gkt4P4nLElIej2YdQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aclaración de la RAE en twitter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Petricor es el nombre que recibe el olor que produce la lluvia al caer en los suelos secos. @RAEinforma ¿por qué no lo incluís?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RAEconsultas&lt;/strong&gt; En efecto, a veces se documenta con ese sentido «petricor», voz inglesa creada en 1964.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde informa lo que han enunciado las otras respuestas e informa que es de uso restringido pero no prohibido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20441" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T16:03:34.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27723" CreationDate="2018-10-30T14:59:28.280" Score="2" ViewCount="1586" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the sentence earlier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero cogerte...de lo nano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked for ages but can't find out what the word &lt;em&gt;nano&lt;/em&gt; means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you guys translate this sentence? I am very grateful for help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20442" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T14:43:34.277" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T14:43:34.277" Title="What does &quot;nano&quot; mean in &quot;Quiero cogerte...de lo nano&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27721" CreationDate="2018-10-30T15:57:05.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a typo. &lt;code&gt;Nano&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;is a unit prefix meaning &quot;one billionth&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. It's the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QEElStJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;same in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;, since these prefixes come from greek.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the original sentence actually meant to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero cogerte... de &lt;strong&gt;la mano&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an additional note, the catch or joke (in regards of that ellipsis) might be that the verb &quot;coger&quot; in some countries means literally &quot;to fuck&quot;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/8749/5481&quot;&gt;¿En qué países la palabra “coger” tiene connotaciones sexuales?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;quiero cogerte...&quot; might be ambiguous (I want to grab your.../ I want to fuck you) or directly misdirect to the meaning with sexual connotations, depending on the country, and the last part makes the joke by clarifying it was not sexual (it was actually I want to &lt;strong&gt;grab&lt;/strong&gt; your hand).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="20492" LastEditDate="2018-11-05T18:46:57.433" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T18:46:57.433" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27721" CreationDate="2018-10-30T18:21:19.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also think the sentence makes no sense. Nevertheless, trying to propose something, I think it could actually be a sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nano&lt;/strong&gt; can be a slang for &quot;enano&quot;, which means &quot;very small&quot;, &quot;dwarf&quot;, &quot;midget&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This word is very used in the Spanish city of Valencia, where &quot;nano&quot; is a common way to call people... especially if you are a chav (see cani/choni) haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if we agree that it is originally a shortening from &quot;enano&quot;, then your sentence would translate s&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Quiero cogerte... de lo enano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whose translation is not very appropaite to be posted. Personally, I prefer the &quot;mano&quot; version haha. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just wondering. I have no idea, actually, the sentence is weird. Also, if you could provide more context, like where you heard it, that would help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T18:21:19.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27508" CreationDate="2018-10-31T07:57:59.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to be concise but there are many changes ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The most common changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The comma between the subject and the predicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This error tends to mark, in some cases, a spoken pause, but it is necessary to remember that the punctuation marks do not correspond to the pauses that take place in the oral discourse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &quot;Todos los actores, tomaran una copa tras la función&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Queism&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;queismo&lt;/code&gt;):&#xA;As well as dequeísmo is to add the preposition of when it has not to be(&lt;code&gt;Me contó de que se iba a Córdoba&lt;/code&gt;), queism is the opposite, to omit (&lt;code&gt;Me alegro que te hayan dado el trabajo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do not put accents on pronouns:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We're not going to be theoretical, it's just a very common mistake&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abusive use of commas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the confusion between «a ver» and «haber»:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This one in particular gives me a lot of revulsion, because I see it written very frequently and not only in those ways, but also in incorrect ways that are obvious and nobody cares.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;**Forget the &lt;code&gt;H&lt;/code&gt; and change the &lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; for the &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;QU&lt;/code&gt; **&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The correct use of «Ay!», «hay» and «ahí»:&lt;/strong&gt; Very common especially in the smallest that only use the «hay».&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Terms and abbreviations:&lt;/strong&gt; Here I will point out, it is very common in internet texts or chats to abbreviate or simply to use fewer characters in a way that is understood, even though each word is misspelled. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These cases are many and I give you some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aki: aquí&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xq: porque&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nd: nada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bn: bien&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gns: ganas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jum: expresión que significa enfado&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qtpsa: ¿qué te pasa?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tw: tweet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fb: Facebook&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wp o wasa: Whatsapp&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wenas: buenas, hola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ola ke ase: hola, ¿qué haces?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xa, pa: para&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt;: más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt;: menos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt; : igual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is only a few of them, there are more than i can remember.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forget the ¿ at the begining of the question:&lt;/strong&gt; Quite common - &lt;code&gt;A que hora quedamos?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are pretty more, but less common in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20433" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T07:57:59.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27727" CreationDate="2018-10-31T11:26:52.967" Score="8" ViewCount="4356" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quisiera encontrar la referencia de dónde proviene esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez estuve en Burgos (Castilla y León - España), y en el Monasterio de las Huelgas de Burgos, el guía nos comentó que esta expresión provenía por parte de una reina¿?, creo recordar, la cual tuvo un montón de hijos, y cuando su 'creo' hijo tambien tuvo hijos y demás, ella misma a una edad ya longeva para su época, tuvo otro hijo/hija, de ahí la expresión &quot;Éramos pocos y parió la abuela&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no consigo encontrar la cita ni la referencia a dicha mujer con la historia completa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguno tiene idea o tiene algún registro de que proceda de otro sitio me gustaría conocerlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20433" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-05T14:23:34.603" LastActivityDate="2020-10-28T12:44:18.990" Title="¿Cuál es el origen del dicho &quot;Éramos pocos y parió la abuela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27726" CreationDate="2018-10-31T14:18:09.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que lo he encontrado, esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://archmunburgos.blogspot.com/2015/01/alfonso-viii-el-rey-burgales-parte-ii.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página&lt;/a&gt; hace refencia al archivo municipal de Burgos y cuenta lo que comentaba:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso consiguió una tregua con los musulmanes que duró hasta 1210 y&#xA;  las mediaciones de la reina hicieron que el conflicto con León&#xA;  terminase gracias a la boda de su primogénita doña Berenguela con el&#xA;  rey Alfonso IX de León en 1197. Matrimonio que duró hasta que el papa&#xA;  Inocencio III lo disolvió en 1204 por razones de consanguinidad.&#xA;  Berenguela regresó junto a sus hijos a la corte de sus padres en&#xA;  Castilla, ese mismo año su madre dio a luz a su último hijo, Enrique I&#xA;  a los 44 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;“Por si éramos pocos parió la abuela”&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si alguien encuentra alguna otra referencia anterior me gustaría conocerla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20433" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T14:18:09.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27728" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27729" CreationDate="2018-10-31T14:27:46.280" Score="6" ViewCount="8111" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo mas parecido que se me ocurre es &lt;em&gt;titiritero&lt;/em&gt;, pero hay una diferencia bastante grande entre un títere y una marioneta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece curioso ya que existe la frase hecha &quot;el que tira de los hilos&quot; que claramente se refiere a una persona manejando los &quot;hilos&quot; de una marioneta, pero no consigo encontrar un sustantivo para tal persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14936" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T18:11:29.567" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T18:11:29.567" Title="¿Cómo se llama a la persona que maneja marionetas?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27728" CreationDate="2018-10-31T15:40:31.120" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues el D.R.A.E contiene la palabra exacta que estás buscando: &lt;strong&gt;marionetista&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OQlHEbg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marionetista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;titiritero&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ persona que maneja los títeres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. y f. Constructor de marionetas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que el diccionario no contempla esa distinción planteada en los comentarios entre una marioneta y un títere, y por tanto titiritero es sinónimo de marionetista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T15:40:31.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27731" CreationDate="2018-10-31T17:18:15.313" Score="2" ViewCount="6347" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started learning Spanish from various YouTube videos. There's something that bugs me and it's the use of &lt;em&gt;puedo, puedes, pueden&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;podemos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've learned, &quot;I can&quot; is &lt;em&gt;puedo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish and &quot;to do it&quot; is &lt;em&gt;hacerlo&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. So, I went to google translate to look up what &quot;I can do it&quot; is in Spanish and it gave - &lt;em&gt;&quot;Yo puedo hacerlo&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are the words I typed in and the translation I saw:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do it - Puedes hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He/She can do it - él/ella puede hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can do it - podemos hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can do it - ellos pueden hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is, from what I know so far, why can't they be translated like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do it - Tu/Usted puedo hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He/She can do it - El/Ella puedo hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can do it - Vosotros/Nosotros puedo hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can do it - Ellos puedo hacerlo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thought is, the one from google translate is one way of saying it and mine is another. But please I wanna know if I'm the one that's wrong. Probably, there's some kind of rule or something like that in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20453" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T19:15:39.713" LastActivityDate="2018-11-01T11:50:41.487" Title="When to use puedo, puedes, pueden, podemos" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27730" CreationDate="2018-10-31T18:28:22.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the verb needs to be in the form accordingly with the subject/pronoun (I, you, she), the number (singular or plural) and the time (past, present, future). This is called conjugations same as in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you say &quot;I want&quot; and &quot;She want&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for regular verbs or even more you say &quot;I &lt;strong&gt;am&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;you &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;he &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for irregular verbs, but Spanish rules are a little more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English usually the verb changes in the third person (I have, She has) but in Spanish the verb form changes for each pronoun (I can't think of any exceptions right now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you are only using present tense but still the verb has a different form for each pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo puedo / I can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu puedes / you can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El puede / he can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros podemos / we can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vosotros podéis / they can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos pueden / they can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the past you would use  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yo pude / I could &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tu pudiste / You could&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pudo / He could  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nosotros pudimos / We could  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ellos pudieron / They could  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could check the rest of the forms of the verb for other times by clicking on the blue button &lt;strong&gt;Conjugar&lt;/strong&gt; just in front of the verb on the following link &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TU1KCfY|TU2nLT0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TU1KCfY|TU2nLT0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to @Nuclear_Wang's comment I'll add that the fact that each conjugation is unique for each pronoun you can drop the pronoun completely producing a complete sentence with very little or no ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puedo / I can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Puede / She/He can (little ambiguity here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pueden / They can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Podemos / We can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pudimos / We could&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-10-31T19:08:39.113" LastActivityDate="2018-10-31T19:08:39.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27735" CreationDate="2018-11-02T06:50:01.893" Score="7" ViewCount="33951" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Hacer de) &quot;tripas corazón&quot; es un modismo conocido que salió en los títulos de canciones de los notados grupos Aterciopelados y Bersuit Vergarabat. Hacer algo de tripas corazón es hacer algo a pesar de ello ser desagradable. Pero ¿qué tiene eso que ver con tripas y corazones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé en principio que tal tarea se tendría que enfrentar con tripas y corazón, pero hallé otras teorías: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ar.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090908185651AA2Fg6H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Es transformar al corazón en una tripa, pues se supone que las tripas no encarnan a los sentimientos&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vcodigo=43640&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Al que le falta corazón para estar tranquilo, hágalo de las tripas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Ya que esas fuentes no están de acuerdo, ¿hay más datos que nos explicarían como pasó a señalarse así, y lo que es su origen verdadero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="14664" LastEditDate="2018-11-02T16:23:19.953" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T16:23:19.953" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;de tripas corazón&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27734" CreationDate="2018-11-02T10:52:48.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer de tripas corazón&lt;/em&gt;, si se interpreta literalmente, significa &quot;transformar las tripas en corazón&quot; o &quot;usar tripas en sustitución del corazón&quot;. Esta forma de emplear el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; no es tan común actualmente. Hay canciones (ya que hablamos de canciones) con letras como &lt;em&gt;Hiciste de mí lo que yo soy&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Has hecho de mi amor lo que has querido&lt;/em&gt;, donde se usa con este significado; también existe un dicho, &lt;em&gt;Hizo de su capa un sayo&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;hizo lo que quiso, según su libre albedrío&quot; (una capa y un sayo son dos prendas de ropa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al origen de la frase &lt;em&gt;hacer de tripas corazón&lt;/em&gt;, aparece documentada ya en el siglo XVI, aparentemente con el significado de &quot;sacar fuerzas de donde no hay para hacer algo&quot;. No sólo se trata de que sea desagradable o indeseable, sino de que la persona no tiene ya &quot;corazón&quot; suficiente para hacerlo, es decir: no tiene ánimo, espíritu o coraje. Sólo le quedan &quot;tripas&quot;, que son vísceras, un órgano que no es noble como el corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Autoridades aparece un dicho relacionado que revela la relación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=53224&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA_INDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA_form%2Ehtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TRIPAS LLEVAN CORAZÓN, QUE NO CORAZÓN TRIPAS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Refr. que enseña la mutua subordinacion, y dependencia, que tienen unas cosas con otras, y que no se deben desatender, las que por algun respeto se consideran de menor aprecio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El refrán dice que las tripas llevan (sustentan, sostienen, mantienen en movimiento) al corazón y no al revés. Esto significa que las tripas, aunque son cosas &quot;de menor aprecio&quot;, son tan necesarias como el corazón. Las tripas representan lo más bajo del cuerpo, la digestión y la excreción. Se cita un ejemplo del Quijote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CERV. Quix. tom. 2. cap. 47. Menester será estár bien mantenidos,&#xA;  porque tripas llevan corazón, que no corazón tripas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado de este refrán es diferente pero la relación entre tripas y corazón ya está clara. Si el corazón necesita de las tripas, pero no al contrario, entonces el corazón puede faltarnos, mientras se puedan usar las tripas para sustituirlo (&lt;em&gt;hacer de tripas corazón&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T10:52:48.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27734" CreationDate="2018-11-02T10:53:34.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión efectivamente denota la acción de hacer algo pese a que resulte desagradable, contra la voluntad de uno. Esto lo explica el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ah3RGfO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer alguien de tripas corazón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. verb. coloq. Esforzarse para disimular el miedo, dominarse, sobreponerse en las adversidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observo en el CORDE que su primer uso se remonta a 1773, en el texto &lt;em&gt;El cortejo escarmentado&lt;/em&gt; de Ramón de la Cruz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Don Atanasio Ya es preciso hacer de tripas (Suelta el sombrero.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  corazón, porque estos trastos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vean que yo aquí supongo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  más de lo que ellos dudaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado y explicación lo he visto discutido en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vcodigo=43640&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Foro de Centro Virtual Cervantes (CVC)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La única explicación seudofisiológica que conozco es la que insinúa Francisco de Paula Seijas Lozano y Patiño cuando comenta el &lt;em&gt;Cuento de Cuentos&lt;/em&gt; de Quevedo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hacer de tripas corazón&lt;/em&gt; significa esforzarse en disimular el miedo o el sentimiento, y es frase figurativa e ingeniosa. &lt;em&gt;Al que le falta corazón para estar tranquilo, hágalo de las tripas&lt;/em&gt;, que ascienden a la cavidad del pecho cuando se retienen los suspiros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta referencia a Quevedo tira la expresión más allá de lo dicho sobre el CORDE, pues Quevedo es del siglo XVII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sea como fuere, seguimos con información extraída del CVC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las tripas son vísceras, lo mas hondo que se puede tener, al menos en sentido figurado, y así, cuando te falta el corazón para el perdón o los sentimientos al ver algo te impiden actuar, has de enviar la sensación que recibes al aparato digestivo, amén que te salga una úlcera o te produzca cáncer, y asumir lo que en realidad está pasando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, cuando &lt;em&gt;haces tripas corazón&lt;/em&gt; lo que estás haciendo, metafóricamente, es convertir en razón o convicción (es decir, &lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt;) lo que las &lt;em&gt;tripas&lt;/em&gt; te están diciendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T10:53:34.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27695" CreationDate="2018-11-02T11:26:10.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya hay una respuesta aceptada.  Lo que sigue es detalle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para dar un poco de contexto histórico a las operaciones de PUSH y POP, conviene referir a los procesadores PDP-6 y PDP-10 de la empresa digital de los EEUU.  La PDP-6, introducida en 1963 y la PDP-10 introducida en 1968, fueron unas de las primeras máquinas con operaciones de PUSH y POP entre su juego de instrucciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDP-6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Descripción en Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las operaciones de PUSH y POP operaban sobre un vector (array) utilizando un puntero de pila en un acumulador para localizar el extremo de una pila.  Pero en idioma de MACRO-10 había que reservar el espacio para la pila como si fuera un vector (array).  Yo diría que era un vector utilizada como una pila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_(inform%C3%A1tica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, la palabra &quot;vector&quot; se define como &quot;matriz unidimensional&quot;.  Me parece que esto es un &quot;array&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se entiende las operaciones como verbos, &quot;push&quot; y &quot;pop&quot; vienen a ser &quot;apilar&quot; y &quot;desapilar&quot;.  En la respuesta aceptada, éstos se llaman métodos en vez de operaciones.  Esto se introdujo cuando se inventó la programación orientada en objetos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre 1975 y 1978, yo dicté cursillos de MACRO-10 en Bolivia y Venezuela para la empresa digital y sus clientes.  Lamento decir que los estudiantes y yo utilizábamos &quot;spanglish&quot; con abandono.  Las materias escritas estaban todas en inglés.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que la programación está bastante ligada al inglés por razones históricas.  Pero la informática no.  Hay palabras castellanas para todos los conceptos de la informática.  Es cuestión de aprenderlas.  Lamento decir que yo no las he aprendido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="900" LastEditDate="2018-11-02T11:36:42.030" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T11:36:42.030" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27740" CreationDate="2018-11-02T15:04:27.417" Score="5" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia en inglés leo cosas &lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/157121/209901&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;robo-reviewers&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dictionary.com/browse/robo-&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;robo-tweet&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; para referirse a cosas hechas automáticamente, o casi: revisar de forma automática, twits que hace una máquina...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dictionary.com define este prefijo como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dictionary.com/browse/robo-&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;robo-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a combining form extracted from robot and meaning &quot;automated, automatic, or robotic,&quot; used in the formation of compound words:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;an automatically generated robo-tweet appearing in my Twitter feed;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;a robo-advisor that provides algorithm-based investment advice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y si bien la traducción directa podría ser &lt;em&gt;robo-&lt;/em&gt;, pues se comparte etimología, me pregunto si existe algún prefijo en el castellano actual que cumpla esta función. O, si no, alguna palabra que funcione así a modo de coletilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T15:23:37.043" Title="¿Hay algún equivalente en castellano al prefijo inglés &quot;robo-&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27738" CreationDate="2018-11-02T15:23:37.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generalmente se utiliza para esto la palabra &lt;em&gt;robot&lt;/em&gt; completa, antes o después, lo cual tiene distintas connotaciones: un &lt;em&gt;robot asesor&lt;/em&gt; es un &quot;robot&quot; (un programa más o menos automatizado) que asesora, mientras que un &lt;em&gt;asesor robot&lt;/em&gt; es un asesor que se caracteriza por no ser una persona sino un &quot;robot&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en Google aparecen muchos avisos del tipo &lt;em&gt;robot limpiapiscinas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;robot aspiradora&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Aquí se usa la palabra para nombrar al hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una abreviatura muy común, cuando se trata sólo de software y especialmente uno que realiza procesos sencillos, es &lt;em&gt;bot&lt;/em&gt;, igual que en inglés; como los &lt;em&gt;bots&lt;/em&gt; que siguen a cuentas de Twitter o Instagram según ciertos perfiles o cuando mencionan alguna palabra clave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usar &lt;em&gt;robo-&lt;/em&gt; como prefijo tiene el inconveniente de que es homónimo del delito de sustracción de propiedad. Lo he visto en marcas comerciales, que a veces por moda adoptan palabras del inglés, pero no me parece probable que un hablante de castellano se acostumbre a decir &lt;em&gt;roboauto&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a un vehículo autónomo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T15:23:37.043" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27741" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-02T20:54:31.700" Score="1" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto cuál de dos formas es correcta y por qué:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &quot;Asegúrate de que él no &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; en contra&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &quot;Asegúrate de que él no &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; en contra&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20467" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-02T20:58:38.500" LastActivityDate="2018-11-03T14:50:27.977" Title="&quot;Asegúrate de que no ...&quot; + subjuntivo/indicativo?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27741" CreationDate="2018-11-03T14:50:27.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas son correctas. Su significado es ligeramente distinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el primer caso,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asegúrate de que él no &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; en contra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo está en indicativo. Se utiliza para hechos y afirmaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al usar esto, estoy afirmando que él puede estar en contra ya. Solo falta asegurarse, preguntarle, pero la decisión ya está tomada. Él puede estar a favor o en contra, pero ya lo ha decidido. Él &quot;ya lo sabe&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, usamos el indicativo: &lt;code&gt;pregunta si eso es verdad&lt;/code&gt;. Puede ser verdad, o puede no ser verdad, pero ya es un hecho: O es verdad, o no es verdad. No hay posibilidad de cambiar nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el segundo caso,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Asegúrate de que él no &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; en contra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al usar el subjuntivo, todavía no es un hecho. Por tanto, la decisión aún no está tomada. Que él esté en contra es una posibilidad, pero que todavía no ha ocurrido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo utilizaría esta opción cuando &quot;él&quot; todavía no sabe qué ha pasado. Tiene una especie de &quot;valor de futuro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, puedes decir &quot;asegúrate de que no &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; en contra antes de contarle &lt;strong&gt;todo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que el subjuntivo está indicando &lt;strong&gt;posibilidad en el futuro&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que el primero es &lt;strong&gt;certeza en el futuro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-11-03T14:50:27.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26811" CreationDate="2018-11-03T16:09:39.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides other uses (for comparisons), &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; is employed to mark conditions and causes. The meaning depends on context and above all on the tense and mood of the verbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example the answer would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como te alejes de la orilla, no te traigo mañana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already deduced, this is a conditional; but in this case, with &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt;, you need to use the subjunctive mood and say &lt;em&gt;alejes&lt;/em&gt;, instead of the indicative &lt;em&gt;alejas&lt;/em&gt; (which you would use if the conditional phrase began with &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;). This kind of sentence is rather common with threats:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como te vea otra vez por aquí, llamaré a la policía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;[tú te] alejes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;[yo te] vea&lt;/em&gt;) because the situation is hypothetical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will also find &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; introducing a cause. In this case the verb will be in the indicative. You can have a perfectly parallel phrase to the one above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como te alejas de la orilla, no te traigo mañana.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means: &quot;Since you're getting away from the shore, I won't bring you tomorrow.&quot; It's grammatically correct, but the actual situation doesn't look plausible, so I guess the answer should be the other one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-03T16:09:39.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27747" CreationDate="2018-11-04T16:34:26.333" Score="2" ViewCount="1573" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading through a discussion thread over at Duolingo — one in which several different terms for “purse,” “handbag,” and “wallet” were mentioned.  By the end of it, I was confused myself, so I took the time to write an article on it.  You can link to that article here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/29520231&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Is a “cartera” really a “purse?”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article is a bit long, but if you do a search (CTRL+F) for &quot;Chile,&quot; it should take you to the section most relevant to this question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one major question that still remains for me, though, is the one I’ve posted here.  If you read my article, I’ve used the power of deduction to make a good guess about which countries use the word “cartera” to mean “purse,” but it wasn’t an exact science and I’d love to get a more informative answer to include the reason some countries use “cartera” instead of “bolso” to mean “purse.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Dónde se utiliza “cartera” en el sentido de “purse” o “handbag” y por qué es ésa la palabra para “purse” (o handbag) en lugar de “bolso”?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba leyendo un hilo de discusión de Duolingo — uno en el que varios términos diferentes para “purse”, “handbag”, y “wallet” se mencionaron.  Al fin de todo, estaba confundida, así que me tomé tiempo para escribir un artículo sobre eso. El vínculo a ese artículo aparece a continuación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/29520231&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“Is a “cartera” really a “purse?””&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un poco largo, pero si haces una búsqueda (Ctrl+F) de &quot;Chile&quot;, debería tomarte a la sección más relevante a esta pregunta aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única pregunta de gran importancia que todavía me resta, sin embargo, es la que he publicado aquí. Si lees mi artículo, he usado el poder de deducción a hacer una buena suposición sobre qué países utilizan la palabra “cartera” para significar “purse”, pero no es una ciencia exacta y me encantaría obtener una respuesta más informativa para incluir la razón por la que algunos países utilizan “cartera” en lugar de “bolso” para significar “purse.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-04T23:04:36.187" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T12:11:43.490" Title="Where is &quot;cartera&quot; used to mean &quot;purse” or “handbag” and why is that the word for “purse” (or handbag) instead of “bolso?”" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27746" CreationDate="2018-11-04T22:59:15.203" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid this answer will have multiple acceptable answers, but I can answer for Argentina and give my reasons, and then we'll see if they hold for other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina, in general, &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; generally means a woman's purse or handbag, with a handle and optionally a shoulder strap. The bulkier this gets, the more likely is it to be called &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt; instead. Some will call a clutch bag (without a handle) also &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt;, but I believe the English word &lt;em&gt;clutch&lt;/em&gt; is in use too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Men might use a &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; but in that case it's almost always a type of clutch with no handles or straps, like an oversized wallet (&lt;em&gt;billetera&lt;/em&gt;). Men carry around a &lt;em&gt;billetera&lt;/em&gt; in their pockets, but if they have a &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt;, it's probably the thing where they keep their driver's license and other important papers, and they put it in the car's glovebox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search for &lt;em&gt;cartera de hombre&lt;/em&gt; in places like MercadoLibre.com.ar you'll find lots of bigger things, some resembling what was traditionally called a &lt;em&gt;portafolios&lt;/em&gt; (briefcase), and some bulky handbags with shoulder straps. I've never heard these called &lt;em&gt;carteras&lt;/em&gt; myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bolso&lt;/em&gt; is used to mean a (generally big) handbag that is employed for some specific use and is durable. Unlike &lt;em&gt;carteras&lt;/em&gt;, these need not be fashion accessories. So you have &lt;em&gt;bolso deportivo&lt;/em&gt; for &quot;sports bag&quot;, &lt;em&gt;bolso de viaje&lt;/em&gt; for &quot;traveling bag&quot;, etc. The bulky things I described just above would actually be called &lt;em&gt;bolsos&lt;/em&gt; by most people I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bolsa&lt;/em&gt; is most often reserved for shopping bags, made of plastic or paper. The connotation of the word is strongly utilitarian and suggests cheap, discardable items; fashion and &lt;em&gt;bolsas&lt;/em&gt; don't come together. If you take a non-discardable cloth bag to the supermarket, then that's a &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt;, not a &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea why &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt; is preferred over other words here. But the thing that sets &lt;em&gt;carteras&lt;/em&gt; apart is that they're supposed to be small, portable, and able to keep important personal items. A popular way to speak of something that is small and convenient and can be carried around all the time is that it's made &lt;em&gt;para la cartera de la dama y el bolsillo del caballero&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. &quot;for the lady's purse and the gentleman's pocket&quot;. This is a rather old-fashioned expression but it's still valid because women's pants are often made so that pockets are unusable and men are not used to carry around clutches or purses. So that shows to what degree &lt;em&gt;carteras&lt;/em&gt; are viewed as equivalent to pockets, at least for some functions. Neither &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; have this connotation; indeed, for the most part the obvious relationship between &lt;em&gt;bolso&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bolsillo&lt;/em&gt; goes unnoticed. &lt;em&gt;Bolso&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bolsa&lt;/em&gt; suggest something that is large compared to what it usually contains, and that expands to contain it, and so on; not so &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt;, which suggets a small container for small things that don't move around in it (remember I said big &lt;em&gt;carteras&lt;/em&gt; cause some vacillation, and people tend to call them &lt;em&gt;bolsos&lt;/em&gt; if they become too large).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably too rambling and speculative for a good answer but maybe it can serve as the basis for something more structured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-04T22:59:15.203" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27748" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27750" CreationDate="2018-11-05T03:06:54.783" Score="4" ViewCount="431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always have trouble when &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; comes between a verb and a noun as in the following translations taken from google translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really like cheese. &lt;sub&gt;me gusta mucho el queso&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like a lot of cheese. &lt;sub&gt;me gusta mucho queso&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first sentence &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; quantifies the verb &lt;em&gt;like&lt;/em&gt; and in the second sentence it quantifies the noun &lt;em&gt;cheese&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference I can see in the translation is &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; in the first sentence. Is this to make apparent that &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt; quantifies the verb and not the noun as in the second sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not then, how does one differentiate the meaning between both sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T20:45:21.093" Title="What is the precise meaning when &quot;mucho&quot; is between a verb and a noun" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27748" CreationDate="2018-11-05T10:22:28.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between your examples is that, in the first one, you express your liking on cheese, as in its taste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as for the second example, the only possible use I can think of is when you're talking about cheese when served with pasta. Say, if asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: ¿Cuánto queso te gusta en la pasta? (How much cheese do you like with your pasta?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer: Me gusta mucho queso. (I like a lot of it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't make the most sense, but I think it's still valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20487" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T10:22:28.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27748" CreationDate="2018-11-05T11:35:28.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mucho&lt;/em&gt; can be both an adverb or an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An adjective modifies a noun. In &lt;em&gt;mucho queso&lt;/em&gt;, the noun &lt;em&gt;queso&lt;/em&gt; is modified by &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;, so the phrase means &quot;abundant cheese&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An adverb modifies a verb or an adjective. In &lt;em&gt;Me gusta mucho (el queso)&lt;/em&gt;, the verb &lt;em&gt;gusta&lt;/em&gt; is modified by &lt;em&gt;mucho&lt;/em&gt;, so the phrase means &quot;I like (cheese) very much&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The presence or absence of the article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;el queso&lt;/em&gt; is not what marks the difference, in itself. What happens is that an adverb cannot go between an article and a noun (that is, you cannot say &lt;em&gt;*Me gusta el mucho queso&lt;/em&gt;). If you want to say you like cheese very much, then you say &lt;em&gt;Me gusta mucho el queso&lt;/em&gt;. If instead you wanted to say you like having a lot of cheese with your maccaroni, for example, you would say something like &lt;em&gt;Me gustan &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; mucho queso&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I like them (maccaroni) &lt;strong&gt;with&lt;/strong&gt; a lot of cheese&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T11:35:28.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27746" CreationDate="2018-11-05T12:36:39.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, first of all, we should have a look at the DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cartera:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. f.&lt;/em&gt; Objeto cuadrangular de pequeñas dimensiones hecho de piel u otro material, plegado por su mitad, que puede llevarse en el bolsillo y&#xA;  sirve para contener documentos, tarjetas, billetes de banco, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. f.&lt;/em&gt; Objeto de forma cuadrangular hecho de cuero u otra materia generalmente flexible, con asa para llevarlo y que puede contener&#xA;  documentos, papeles, libros, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;3.f.&lt;/em&gt; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. f.&lt;/em&gt; Bolso de mujer pequeño y plano que se lleva en la mano, generalmente sin asa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;5. f.&lt;/em&gt; [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;6. f.&lt;/em&gt; Empleo de ministro (‖ responsable de uno de los departamentos de la Administración).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;9. f. Am.&lt;/em&gt; Bolso de las mujeres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I'll focus on Spain, which is the case I know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing you'd think of when reading &quot;la cartera&quot; is &quot;wallet.&quot; That's the first meaning of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides that, it is also used for a handbag (meaning #2), but it is not a fashion element. Rather it is considered working equipment. In fact, there's a really fine line between &quot;cartera&quot; and &quot;maletín.&quot; Many people would say &quot;cartera&quot; for &quot;maletín.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ministers used to carry them. That's why the language has adopted the 6th meaning. Ministers do carry &quot;carteras,&quot; and when they &quot;take the &lt;em&gt;cartera&lt;/em&gt;,&quot; it means they just started their job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as I see it, &quot;cartera&quot; is very different than &quot;bolso,&quot; which is &quot;purse.&quot; That's a fashion element / an ordinary accessory, nothing to do with carrying formal/working papers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, #9 says that, in America, it is used as a purse, so that might be the answer you're looking for. Although it's true that it seems to also have a more general use, according to #4, but I have never heard it used that way in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: I also remember when my grandparents used to say &quot;cartera&quot; for the school bag. That's because, decades ago, children used to take &quot;maletines&quot; (carteras) to school.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-10T12:11:43.490" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T12:11:43.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27746" CreationDate="2018-11-05T12:46:23.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't get exactly what you expect from us. But let's try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/purse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;purse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 . [UK US] change purse a small container for money, usually used by&#xA;  a woman&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  2. [US] a handbag&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first meaning in Spain is usually represented by &lt;strong&gt;monedero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PdbqkZ8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monedero, ra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Bolsa, saquillo u objeto pequeño de otra forma, en cuyo interior se lleva dinero en metálico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second meaning, &lt;strong&gt;handbag&lt;/strong&gt;, in Spain is usually represented by &lt;strong&gt;bolso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5pA11TD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bolso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Bolsa de mano por lo común pequeña, hecha de cuero, tela u otra materia, provista de cierre y frecuentemente de asa, que utilizan en&#xA;  particular las mujeres para llevar dinero, documentos, objetos de uso&#xA;  personal, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This definition matches the one offered by the Cambridge Dictionary for &lt;strong&gt;handbag&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/handbag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;handbag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a small bag for money, keys, make-up, etc., carried especially by women&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, the main meaning of cartera in Spain is &lt;strong&gt;wallet&lt;/strong&gt;. Let's compare the afore mentioned dictionaries again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7k8CFgI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cartera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Objeto cuadrangular de pequeñas dimensiones hecho de piel u otro material, plegado por su mitad, que puede llevarse en el bolsillo y&#xA;  sirve para contener documentos, tarjetas, billetes de banco, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wallet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wallet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;billfold, a small folding case for carrying paper money, credit cards&#xA;  and other flat objects, that can be carried in a pocket and is used&#xA;  especially by men&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish women usually carry a &lt;strong&gt;bolso&lt;/strong&gt; [handbag] and inside it, they may have both a &lt;strong&gt;monedero&lt;/strong&gt; [purse] with coins and a &lt;strong&gt;wallet&lt;/strong&gt; [cartera] with documents and notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cartera&lt;/strong&gt; is not used to identify neither a monedero nor a bolso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;cartera&lt;/strong&gt; may be used, as &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7k8CFgI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;registered in the D.R.A.E&lt;/a&gt;, to identify a leather bag to carry documents or books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Objeto de forma cuadrangular hecho de cuero u otra materia generalmente flexible, con asa para llevarlo y que puede contener&#xA;  documentos, papeles, libros, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T12:46:23.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27754" CreationDate="2018-11-06T06:16:11.067" Score="1" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a car I saw a label: &lt;strong&gt;se vende&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such cases, how do I  know &lt;em&gt;precisely&lt;/em&gt; what this means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) it sells --&gt; active voice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) it's sold / it's being sold --&gt; passive voice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to answer this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, what's &quot;se&quot; here: &quot;it&quot; or indicator of passive voice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastActivityDate="2020-12-10T01:28:00.663" Title="se vende -- is this passive or is &quot;se&quot; == it?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27753" CreationDate="2018-11-06T07:56:33.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found this interesting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/se-venden-casas-se-buscan-actores-frente-se-busca-los-culpables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;link&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that answers your question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The content is in Spanish. Let me try to translate a relevant part&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) &lt;strong&gt;oraciones de pasiva refleja&lt;/strong&gt;. En estas oraciones, la forma &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  precede a un verbo en tercera persona del singular o del plural, según&#xA;  sea singular o plural &lt;strong&gt;el elemento nominal que aparece junto al verbo y&#xA;  que es su sujeto gramatical&lt;/strong&gt;. Por tratarse de una forma de pasiva, esta&#xA;  construcción solo se da con verbos transitivos: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se vende casa de campo&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  / Se venden casas de campo&lt;/em&gt;. Normalmente el sujeto de estas oraciones&#xA;  denota cosa, pero puede denotar también persona indeterminada: &lt;em&gt;Se&#xA;  buscan actores para la película.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a) Phrases in &lt;strong&gt;reflective passive voice&lt;/strong&gt;. In these phrases, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&#xA;  precedes a verb in the third singular or plural form, depending on &lt;strong&gt;the&#xA;  nominal element that appears by the verb and that is the gramatical&#xA;  subject&lt;/strong&gt;. Being a passive voice, this contruction only appears with&#xA;  transitive verbs: &lt;em&gt;Se vende casa de campo / Se venden casas de campo&lt;/em&gt; [A&#xA;  country house is being sold / Country houses are being sold]. Usually&#xA;  the subject on these phrases denotes a thing, but it can denote an&#xA;  undetermined person too: &lt;em&gt;Se buscan actores para la pelicula&lt;/em&gt; [Actors&#xA;  are being hired for the movie]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how this kind of phrases are named in English and I'm not sure of the last phrase translation, surely there is a more idiomatic way of saying it, but I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the example &lt;em&gt;Se vende casa de campo&lt;/em&gt; matches your phrase &lt;em&gt;Se vende&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Se&lt;/strong&gt; does not mean &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;se&quot; is not the subject, as stated in the D.R.A.E text that I quoted. The subject of &quot;Se vende&quot; is the object being sold, the car in your case. The complete sentence is &quot;Se vende (este coche, el que tiene pegado este cartel)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer to your question &quot;&lt;em&gt;what's &quot;se&quot; here: &quot;it&quot; or indicator of passive voice?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;According to the D.R.A.E is an indicator of passive voice, it's not the subject.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase in English &quot;it sells very well&quot; can be translated to Spanish as &quot;Se vende muy bien&quot; or &quot;Vende muy bien&quot;. Notice that in both cases the third person pronoun &quot;it&quot; is omitted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-06T14:18:13.053" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T14:18:13.053" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27763" CreationDate="2018-11-06T14:22:14.957" Score="7" ViewCount="1280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer leí esta expresión de estar en &quot;números azules&quot;. En contexto, alguien decía que tras mucho esfuerzo y sacrificio, había logrado tener una empresa &quot;con números azules&quot;, que entiendo que es &quot;financieramente saneada&quot; o &quot;financieramente saludable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estar en &quot;números rojos&quot; es, como todos sabemos (y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QiamBaG&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;citando al DRAE&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. pl. Saldo negativo en una cuenta bancaria o en una contabilidad empresarial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé por qué siempre asumí que si no estabas en &quot;números rojos&quot; los números eran negros, pero claro, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QN0nGts&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en negro&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Sin regularizar, fuera de la ley.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco por internet he encontrado algún post sobre estar en &quot;números azules&quot;, pero no se explica claramente qué es lo que es, por lo que he pensado en hacer esta pregunta y que así quede de manera explícita en algún sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es estar en &quot;números azules&quot;? ¿Es lo contrario a estar en &quot;números rojos&quot; o es otra cosa distinta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T09:58:42.763" Title="¿Qué es estar en &quot;números azules&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;finanzas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27680" CreationDate="2018-11-06T16:50:35.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay una regla para poner los nombres y, al final, el apellido común. Se suele decir el nombre y el apellido para no causar dudas (debido a que el apellido se utiliza para diferenciar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20500" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T16:50:35.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27759" CreationDate="2018-11-06T17:50:59.510" Score="5" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I translate &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Carla studies the most.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; as in the following sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria studies more than Jim but Carla studies the most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand comparatives, so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria studies more than Jim. is &lt;sub&gt;Maria estudia más que Jim.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the only formula that I know for Superlatives, is only in relation to adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mateo es el estudiante &lt;strong&gt;más inteligente&lt;/strong&gt;. or Mateo es el &lt;strong&gt;más inteligente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in relation to verbs I'm confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She &lt;strong&gt;sings the best&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She &lt;strong&gt;studies the most&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She &lt;strong&gt;plays the worse&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is more confusing is that Google Translate gives the same Spanish comparative translation for both the English comparative and superlative translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She studies more.&lt;sub&gt; Ella estudia más.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She studies the most.&lt;sub&gt; Ella estudia más.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about nouns? What is the superlative formula when dealing with nouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I translate the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;She won the &lt;strong&gt;most money&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T04:21:11.537" Title="Superlatives in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23434" CreationDate="2018-11-06T18:57:48.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de Colombia y una amiga estadounidense me acaba de hacer la misma pregunta y me dijo que una amiga española le dijo que es &quot;LO pasamos bien&quot;, porque hace referencia &quot;al tiempo&quot; (Yo lo entiendo como &quot;EL momento&quot;), mientras que amigos mejicanos le dijeron que es &quot;LA pasamos bien&quot;, pero sin indicar el porqué.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le dije que aquí en Colombia se acostumbra decir &quot;LA pasamos bien&quot; y será haciendo referencia a &quot;LA actividad desarrollada&quot;, que puede ser de género masculino o femenino, pero igual decimos &quot;LA pasamos ...&quot; Da igual que nos pregunten &quot;¿Cómo estuvo la fiesta?&quot; o &quot;¿Cómo estuvo el evento?&quot; ... indistintamente diremos &quot;LA pasamos bien&quot; (Aunque nuestro cantante Juanes diría &quot;La pasamos una chimba, o'me&quot; XD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro asunto es involucrar el verbo disfrutar y ahí sí hablaríamos de &quot;Objeto directo&quot;, y diremos que la fiesta &quot;LA disfrutamos&quot;, mientras que el evento &quot;LO disfrutamos&quot;, pero eso se vería más en los libros. En la vida real, si estuvo bueno, &quot;LA pasamos una chimba !!!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos desde Locombia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20501" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T18:57:48.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27757" CreationDate="2018-11-06T19:32:37.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question. Indeed, there is no such structure in Spanish. You should never try to translate things like &quot;the things I like &lt;strong&gt;best&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, not in a literal way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The formula is saying &quot;is the one who [verb] &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carla studies the most → Carla is the one who studies the most &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Carla es la que más estudia&quot;    &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;  &quot;Carla es la que estudia más&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the easiest way. You can also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carla estudia (Como) la que más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think that structure is more complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T19:32:37.527" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27757" CreationDate="2018-11-06T19:36:29.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;Carla studies the most&lt;/code&gt; you could plainly say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carla es la que más estudia (de todos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could even phrase it as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carla estudia la que más&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this form is a little bit weird.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second option is to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carla es la más &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H23zixx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estudiosa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with one option you would be saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;she is the one that does this the most/best&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and with the other&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;she is the most/best - &lt;em&gt;insert adjective here&lt;/em&gt; -&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The adverb &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OWErHxJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;más&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; can be used for both comparative and &lt;strong&gt;superlative&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maria es &lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt; alta que Jim pero Carla es la &lt;strong&gt;más&lt;/strong&gt; alta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Best&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;worse&amp;quot; can be translated respectively as &amp;quot;mejor&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;peor&amp;quot;, so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella es la que &lt;strong&gt;mejor&lt;/strong&gt; canta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella es la que &lt;strong&gt;peor&lt;/strong&gt; toca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;She studies more (Ella estudia más)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that &amp;quot;más&amp;quot; indicates the degree that a property is greater or higher than other that is explicit or given by the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella estudia más ahora que antes.  Ella estudia más que otros niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;She studies the most.&lt;/code&gt; uses a superlative. And you need to go with the forms &amp;quot;the most + &lt;em&gt;adj.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;the one that &lt;em&gt;does activity verb&lt;/em&gt; the most&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't trust Google Translate, even if they claim it is really really accurate. It is a soulless robot that &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indigoextra.com/blog/google-translate-funny-fails&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doesn't really understand what is being said&lt;/a&gt;, and thus is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thelocal.es/20151102/galicia-celebrates-its-annual-clitoris-festival-thanks-to-google-translate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prone to EPIC fails&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T19:36:29.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23434" CreationDate="2018-11-06T21:46:27.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas frases son correctas, pero en España la gente dice &quot;nos lo pasamos muy bien&quot;, en cambio, en Latinoamérica, la gente dice &quot;nos la pasamos muy bien&quot;. De todos modos puedes decir &quot;nos la pasamos muy bien&quot; en España y &quot;nos lo pasamos muy bien&quot; en Latinoamérica, ambos te entenderán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20375" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T21:46:27.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27755" CreationDate="2018-11-07T00:39:21.153" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo lo he escuchado en varias ocasiones en el ámbito empresarial chileno significando que los resultados económicos de una empresa son positivos, que se obtienen ganancias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos en la prensa chilena:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego de dos años de números en rojo, el informe financiero de la empresa arroja ganancias. Con relación al Model Y, se informó que su prototipo ya fue aprobado y que podría ser presentado a inicios del próximo año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.emol.com/noticias/Autos/2018/10/25/925200/Tesla-festeja-numeros-azules-y-anuncia-que-en-marzo-proximo-presentara-el-Model-Y.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Emol - Tesla festeja números azules y anuncia que en marzo presentará el Model Y&quot;&gt;Emol, diario electrónico chileno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Canal 13 se recupera de sus pérdidas históricas y vuelve a los números azules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.latercera.com/pulso/noticia/canal-13-se-recupera-perdidas-historicas-vuelve-los-numeros-azules/317566/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;La Tercera - Canal 13 se recupera de sus pérdidas históricas y vuelve a los números azules&quot;&gt;La Tercera, diario electrónico chileno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en internet veo que se usa la expresión también en Perú, aparentemente más en el sentido que indica la pregunta, no solo entregando utilidades si no que con suficiente capital de trabajo para operar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo saber si una empresa está en &amp;quot;números azules&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mantenerse en marcha, una empresa debe alcanzar un adecuado nivel de capital de trabajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.esan.edu.pe/apuntes-empresariales/2017/08/como-saber-si-una-empresa-esta-en-numeros-azules/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.esan.edu.pe/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1237" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T09:58:42.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27769" CreationDate="2018-11-07T02:44:44.060" Score="3" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just finished &lt;em&gt;Cuentos Alegres&lt;/em&gt;, a book assigned to me in Spanish class forty years ago. The book itself may be over 100 years old in its original printing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the last story, a Sherlock Holmes story, the phrase &quot;murió de un calambre&quot; was used. A literal translation would be &quot;died of a cramp&quot;. It's also what Google translate tells me. Does it mean died from a seizure? It this an old usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T04:01:36.640" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T21:15:33.083" Title="What does &quot;Murió de un calambre&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27765" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27767" CreationDate="2018-11-07T02:50:43.737" Score="3" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Era soltero de nacimiento&quot; is another phrase from &lt;em&gt;Cuentos Alegres&lt;/em&gt;. I can only find &quot;single from birth&quot; as a translation. Does it mean an orphan from birth? The mother would have to had died in giving birth for it to make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The story is &quot;Los 38 asesinatos y medio del castillo de Hull&quot; by Enrique Jardiel Poncela.  A fuller quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Murio mi pobre hijo, Peter.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿Era casado su hijo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Era soltero de nacimiento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tomaba el vino solo o con &lt;em&gt;selz&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T08:21:46.070" LastActivityDate="2019-06-16T21:40:51.263" Title="What does &quot;Era soltero de nacimiento&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27764" CreationDate="2018-11-07T04:00:33.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Calambre can have many meanings. See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6h4MzHa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE's entry for &quot;Calambre&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. One is actually a cramp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Contracción muscular&lt;/strong&gt; involuntaria, dolorosa y de poca duración.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(same for the third entry, a &quot;&lt;em&gt;espasmo de ciertos grupos de músculos&lt;/em&gt;&quot;) But it can also be an electric shock&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sacudida producida por una &lt;strong&gt;descarga eléctrica&lt;/strong&gt; de baja intensidad.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems difficult, but not impossible, that a person would die from either of these, specially in a work of fiction. Without any context, after hearing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;murió de un calambre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not tell if it was cramp or an electric shock. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T04:00:33.660" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27765" CreationDate="2018-11-07T04:10:07.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YJUJFB8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;soltero&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is a bachelor or single person, not an orphan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Era soltero de nacimiento&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds like a joke. Everybody is single when born, so &quot;single from birth&quot; is an accurate translation. For example, if you have a beauty mark on your skin you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un defecto de nacimiento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning, &quot;it's an imperfection &lt;em&gt;from birth&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An expression like that (Soltero de nacimiento) could have a second or hidden meaning, depending on the context or use of some literary resources. For example, could it mean that the character was so ugly (something that you get from your genes, meaning, from birth) that he was &lt;em&gt;condemn&lt;/em&gt; to be single?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;The mother would have to had died in giving birth for it to make sense.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Then that character would be an orphan (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KlM0Mgt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;huérfano&lt;/a&gt;) not a &lt;em&gt;soltero&lt;/em&gt;. So I guess that when it says &quot;soltero de nacimiento&quot; it actually means &quot;single from birth&quot;. We'll have to know more about the context to understand the joke or deeper meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T04:10:07.917" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27680" CreationDate="2018-11-07T05:55:29.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al final el área de lingüística me lo pidió así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hector Barquero y los Alvarez, Luis, Melina, Celina y Betty por estar presentes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin coma luego de Betty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20385" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T05:55:29.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27764" CreationDate="2018-11-07T09:34:45.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's see the definition for &lt;em&gt;calambre&lt;/em&gt; as it was a hundred years ago. This is written in the Royal Spanish Academy's dictionary from 1914:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calambre.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del ant. nórdico &lt;em&gt;klampi&lt;/em&gt;, laña, corchete; en al. &lt;em&gt;krampf&lt;/em&gt;, calambre.) m. Contracción espamódica, involuntaria, dolorosa y poco durable de ciertos músculos, particularmente de los de la pantorrilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No trace of the &lt;em&gt;electrical shock&lt;/em&gt;-related meaning, neither in this dictionary nor in other dictionaries from the same time. That meaning was added to the dictionary in 1992. In fact, a hundred years ago the term to refer to an electrical shoch was &lt;em&gt;descarga eléctrica&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tona sufrió una sacudida de arriba abajo, como si la hubieran aplicado una descarga eléctrica [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;José María de Pereda, &quot;Peñas arriba&quot;, 1895 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the aforementioned dictionary you can read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descarga.&lt;/strong&gt; Acción y efecto de descargar.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Descargar.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; Anular la tensión eléctrica de un cuerpo haciendo saltar la chispa o por otro medio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems that the person died indeed from a cramp. And yes, the word &lt;em&gt;calambre&lt;/em&gt; dates from very old, it can be found in the Spanish-Latin dictionary by Antonio de Nebrija, written in 1495.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading this text from circa 1535 it seems that people could indeed die from a cramp:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Pereçosa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vellaca, puerca, golosa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mala hembra, desoluta;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  di, ¿no acabas, çancajosa?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Ven aquí, borracha puta!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dormillona,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿de dónde vienes, soplona?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Mueras de mala calambre!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Auto de Clarindo&quot;, c1535 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last sentence means &quot;may you die from a bad cramp&quot;. By the way, it seems that Spanish &lt;em&gt;calambre&lt;/em&gt; and English &lt;em&gt;cramp&lt;/em&gt; have the same origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T21:15:33.083" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T21:15:33.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-07T13:39:49.173" Score="4" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he descubierto que a la carne de membrillo también se la conoce por el nombre de &lt;em&gt;codoñate&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9dtxCE9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;codoñate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del cat. codonyat.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Dulce de membrillo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo esta palabra no la había oído en la vida. Al parecer lleva en el diccionario más de un siglo y medio, y no está exenta de polémica. Por un lado apenas hay 3 casos de &lt;em&gt;codoñate/codonate&lt;/em&gt; en el CORDE. El primero es del &lt;em&gt;Libro del buen amor&lt;/em&gt;, del siglo XIV (como &lt;em&gt;codonate&lt;/em&gt;). Una ficha del &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Covarrubias [...] dice que en Valencia llaman &quot;a la carne de membrillo o conserva &lt;em&gt;codoñate&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Si la Academia no dispone de más documentación, parece excesivo dar en el Dicc. como general una castellanización del cat. &lt;em&gt;codonyat&lt;/em&gt; que no debe de haber penetrado en el área del castellano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El primer inconveniente es hacer dudar de la forma &lt;em&gt;codonate&lt;/em&gt; de los códices 5 y 6 del &lt;em&gt;Libro del buen amor&lt;/em&gt;, 1334 [...]. Corominas ya dice que en este pasaje &quot;deberá leerse seguramente &lt;em&gt;codoñate&lt;/em&gt;. Y, sin embargo, &lt;em&gt;codonate&lt;/em&gt; parece legítimo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En zonas castellanas fronterizas, la &lt;em&gt;-ny&lt;/em&gt; final del cat. &lt;em&gt;codony&lt;/em&gt; 'membrillo' se sustituyó en muchos casos por &lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;: y ya por influencia de &lt;em&gt;codón&lt;/em&gt; se dijo &lt;em&gt;codonero&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;codonate&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al margen del debate de si debería ser &lt;em&gt;codoñate&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;codonate&lt;/em&gt;, ninguna de las dos formas la había oído antes. El caso es que el diccionario la marca como de uso general, sin determinar región de uso como hemos visto en otros casos. Así pues, pregunto: ¿es la voz &lt;em&gt;codoñate&lt;/em&gt; conocida y usada en áreas que no sean de influencia del catalán?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T13:49:05.720" LastActivityDate="2021-02-09T11:06:15.657" Title="Uso de &quot;codoñate&quot; fuera de las regiones catalano-parlantes" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27323" CreationDate="2018-11-07T14:58:14.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo entiendo que el diccionario ha usado la palabra &lt;em&gt;muchachos&lt;/em&gt; como genérica, tal y como especifica guifa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27323/qu%C3%A9-caus%C3%B3-el-cambio-en-el-significado-de-rayuela#comment46900_27323&quot;&gt;su comentario&lt;/a&gt;, simplemente por referirse así a la edad de las personas que suelen jugar a ese juego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera vez que se registra la palabra es en el diccionario de Terreros y Pando de 1788, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RAYUELA, se llama tambien un juego que usan los muchachos tirando á una raya [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se usa la voz &lt;em&gt;muchachos&lt;/em&gt;, entiendo que en genérico. La RAE no recoge la palabra &lt;em&gt;rayuela&lt;/em&gt; hasta 1803, de la siguiente forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RAYUELA. Juego en el que tirando á una raya que se hace á distancia gana el que mas se acerca á ella, ó el que la toca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí por no especificar, no se especifica ni la edad ni el sexo del jugador. Esta acepción se mantiene así incluso hoy día. La acepción que incluye lo de &quot;muchachos&quot; es otra, que habla de un juego diferente, y data de 1970 en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juego de muchachos que consiste en sacar de varias divisiones trazadas en el suelo un tejo al que se da con un pie, llevando el otro en el aire y cuidando de no pisar las rayas y de que el tejo no se detenga en ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debo decir que yo recuerdo ambos juegos de cuando era pequeño (década de 1980), y la sensación que tengo es que la primera acepción, la de tirar tejos a una línea, sí se refiere a un juego más orientado a niños (esta vez sí en masculino), y la segunda acepción, la de sacar tejos de una cuadrícula del suelo, sí era más de niñas. Aunque bien puede estar jugándome una mala pasada mi memoria. Los juegos que consistían en pintar cuadrículas y dar saltos sobre ellas (arrea, acabo de ver que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LVp5h9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;infernáculo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;rayuela&lt;/em&gt;) los jugaban más las niñas, aunque esto con el tiempo pueda haber cambiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que la RAE debe referirse a eso con lo de &quot;tradicionalmente de niñas&quot;. No sé si tal vez pueda ser un añadido desafortunado dada la tendencia actual hacia la igualdad de sexos, reflejada en que notas como esa están tendiendo a ser eliminadas del diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T15:16:58.657" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T15:16:58.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27772" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27779" CreationDate="2018-11-07T16:50:33.153" Score="3" ViewCount="1113" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito saber en qué se diferencia el Pretérito anterior del Pretérito simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En estas oraciones hay alguna diferencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella comió&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella hubo comido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay diferencia entre pretérito anterior y pretérito simple?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20504" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T06:52:04.170" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre pretérito anterior y pretérito simple?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27701" CreationDate="2018-11-07T17:44:37.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is used alongside to have, you could interpret as &quot;manage/managing&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo manejo cierta linea de productos&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can be stand as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I manage certain product line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I work with certain product line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware of the context, because &quot;manejar&quot; also means to drive a machine/car/situation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20491" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-11-07T18:44:49.593" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T18:44:49.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27772" CreationDate="2018-11-07T19:00:55.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pretérito anterior (también llamado el antepretérito) significa casi lo mismo que el pluscuamperfecto (también llamado el ante&lt;strong&gt;co&lt;/strong&gt;pretérito).  En ambos, se hace una referencia a una acción que ocurrió &lt;em&gt;antes&lt;/em&gt; de otra acción radicada en el tiempo pretérito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El pretérito simple (o indefinido) es simplemente una acción que ocurrió en el pasado, que no hace referencia a otra acción (fuere del tiempo que fuere).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces si decimos &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella comió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos contando algo que ocurrió en el pasado, específicamente algún acaecimiento aislado.  Si ponemos varios verbos en pretérito simple , podemos contemplarlos como acciones ordenadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella comió, &lt;sub&gt;(y después)&lt;/sub&gt; se duchó &lt;sub&gt;(y después)&lt;/sub&gt; se acostó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomemos esta acción de acostarse.  ¿Qué hizo ella antes de acostarse?  Si queremos enfatizar el hecho de hacer aquello antes de acostarse, podemos emplear el pretérito anterior o el pluscuamperfecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando ella por fin se acostó, ya había comido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Se hubo duchado cuando se acostó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo de &lt;em&gt;había comido&lt;/em&gt; es lo normal en el español moderno (también es válida, aunque de poco uso hoy, la forma simple, &lt;em&gt;comiera&lt;/em&gt;).  Cuando decimos que ella &lt;em&gt;había comido&lt;/em&gt;, simplemente hacemos referencia al hecho de que en &lt;em&gt;algún&lt;/em&gt; momento comió.  El pretérito anterior se diferencia del pluscuamperfecto en que representa una acción que, en tiempos cronológicos, viene justo antes de la acción posterior correspondiente.   Por tanto, no sería posible decir &lt;em&gt;hubo comido…&lt;/em&gt; en el ejemplo porque entre lo de comer y lo de acostarse, realizó otra acción distinta.    Incluso si dijésemos &lt;em&gt;se había duchado&lt;/em&gt;, no tenemos gran constancia de que pasara (o no) mucho tiempo entre la ducha y la entrada al sobre.  Pero con &lt;em&gt;se hubo duchado&lt;/em&gt;, se supone que al terminar de ducharse, se fue efectivamente directamente a la cama.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día, se está perdiendo la distinción y se emplea el pluscuamperfecto compuesto (había …&lt;sup&gt;-ado&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-ido&lt;/sub&gt;) para todo, usando en su caso adverbios como &lt;em&gt;de repente&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;justo después&lt;/em&gt; para indicar la inmediatez de la acción posterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2018-11-09T06:52:04.170" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T06:52:04.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27776" CreationDate="2018-11-08T02:19:48.890" Score="4" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have often seen explanations of when &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; triggers the subjunctive to only apply to the future, basically in the &quot;as soon as&quot; sense and then not triggering it in the &quot;generally happens&quot; case nor when using the accented version nor in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in print I have seen it seemingly be used to trigger a past subjuntive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al igual que la fiscal Magallanes, el juez Vargas se comprometió a estudiar la denuncia y a pronunciarse &lt;strong&gt;cuando tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; un criterio formado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Había viajado a Washington para participar en una reunión organizada por Hernando de Soto con el Instituto Demócrata de los Estados Unidos a la que asistiría la Secretaria de Estado Madelaine Albright, y aproveché para llevar a mi hija Camila, de 11 años en ese entonces, para ir con ella a Disney &lt;strong&gt;cuando terminara&lt;/strong&gt; el evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These examples are from the book: Caiga Quien Caiga by José Ugaz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have included the complete sentences for context in case there is another reason the subjunctive has been triggered unrelated to cuando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the subjuntive being triggered by &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, something other than &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or is this a grammatical error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T07:02:59.927" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T14:44:41.727" Title="Can &quot;cuando&quot; trigger the past subjuntive?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27775" CreationDate="2018-11-08T02:35:51.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In these cases, it is still future.  The problem I think you're having is thinking of the future as being &lt;em&gt;relative to now&lt;/em&gt;, when there's also a future &lt;em&gt;relative to the past&lt;/em&gt;.  So in the given time lines, the event in subjunctive hasn't yet occurred, which applies the same concept as using the subjunctive in the present/future-of-present.  If the verb in the &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; clause referred to habitual actions in the past, it would go in imperfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-11-09T20:24:09.820" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T20:24:09.820" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27765" CreationDate="2018-11-08T06:17:40.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La frase forma parte del interrogatorio de Sherlock Holmes al Sr. Molkestone, cuyo hijo ha sido asesinado:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... Y ¡anoche!, anoche, señor Holmes ... murió también mi pobre hijo, ¡mi Peter!...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Llore usted, pero no llore más de seis minutos; se lo suplico &lt;em&gt;Good&lt;/em&gt; [sic] &lt;em&gt;save the King!&lt;/em&gt; -replicó Sherlock Holmes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y pasado los seis minutos volvió a interrogar:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Sabe usted si su hijo tenía algún enemigo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Su sastre le odiaba.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Deme las señas del sastre.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Grueso, bajo, de Liverpool.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Estaba casado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Era soltero de nacimiento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Se le conocía alguna amante?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -No se le conocían las cosas así como así.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -¿Tomaba el vermut seco o con &lt;em&gt;seltz&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -En vaso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -Es todo lo que necesitaba saber, señor Molkestone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que el estilo de Jardiel Poncela se caracteriza por un humorismo absurdo e ilógico (*), en principio todo hace suponer que  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Era soltero de nacimiento.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es un recurso humorístico y que su traducción debería ser literal:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Single from birth.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, algo más adelante en la obra, Holmes esboza una teoría sobre el misterioso caso (aún en desarrollo), en la que parece darle otro significado:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soltero &lt;strong&gt;por tozudez&lt;/strong&gt;, según declara el propio padre; hombre a quien no se le conocían las cosas así como así; bebedor de vermut en vaso; odiado por su sastre, lo que prueba que no le pagaba ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lo que sugiere que, para Holmes, &lt;strong&gt;soltero de nacimiento&lt;/strong&gt; no era &lt;strong&gt;single from birth&lt;/strong&gt; sino &lt;strong&gt;determinado a permanecer soltero&lt;/strong&gt;, como señala @Brian H. en un comentario a la respuesta de @Diego que reproduzco:  &quot;I think &quot;soltero de nacimiento&quot; could also mean they were born to be single, but not because they are ugly but because they reject a life in a couple.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Por ejemplo, en la obra figuran en inglés las expresiones &quot;&lt;em&gt;Happy new year&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;I love you!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;To be or not to be!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Good&lt;/em&gt; [sic] &lt;em&gt;save the King!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;five o'clock tea&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Home sweet home&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;em&gt;It's long a way to Tipperary!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;em&gt;Merry christmas!&lt;/em&gt;&quot; traducidas en notas a pie de página &lt;strong&gt;todas ellas&lt;/strong&gt; como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;El tiempo es oro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T22:26:42.803" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T22:26:42.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27772" CreationDate="2018-11-08T07:01:22.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El pretérito perfecto simple denota simplemente una acción ocurrida en el pasado. Así, en&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella comió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estamos diciendo que una persona, en un tiempo pretérito, realizó la acción de comer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El que puede dar más problema es el pretérito anterior o antepretérito. Este segundo nombre ya denota que estamos hablando de una acción transcurrida inmediatamente antes que otra en el pasado. Este tiempo verbal se trata en la &lt;em&gt;Nueva gramática&lt;/em&gt; en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=OnhXQZgFwViNaHpk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;párrafos 23.16i y siguientes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El PRETÉRITO ANTERIOR (HUBE CANTADO) denota una situación pasada separada por un lapso breve de otra igualmente pretérita, como en &lt;em&gt;Algunos invitados se marcharon apenas hubo terminado la cena&lt;/em&gt;, donde la noción de inmediatez está presente en el adverbio &lt;em&gt;apenas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La gramática explica que hay un uso antiguo del pretérito anterior, y que se registra a veces en textos contemporáneos (más en el español europeo que en el americano), según el cual los dos tiempos (anterior y perfecto simple) se asemejan. Cita como ejemplo el reglamento hipotecario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los gastos y costas del recurso deberán ser satisfechos por los interesados que lo hubieron promovido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase, en realidad, debería haber terminado con &quot;que lo promovieron&quot;. Este uso en realidad es raro hoy día, encontrándose a veces en la lírica con intención arcaizante deliberada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la lengua escrita del español contemporáneo [...] se usa hoy HUBE CANTADO con verbos télicos y precedido siempre de expresiones adverbiales o conjuntivas que expresan posterioridad. Las fundamentales son las siguientes: &lt;em&gt;apenas, así que, cuando, después (de) que, en cuanto, enseguida que, luego que, nada más, no bien, no más, tan pronto como&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;una vez (que)&lt;/em&gt;. En todos estos casos alternan HUBE CANTADO y CANTÉ, con marcada preferencia en los textos por la segunda opción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto quiere decir que incluso en los casos donde se puede usar el pretérito anterior, se prefiere usar el pretérito perfecto simple. Así, el ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Calló, para tomar un sorbo de agua. Pero, apenas lo hubo hecho [...], de manera totalmente abrupta se puso de pie y se despidió.&lt;/em&gt; (Vargas Llosa, &lt;em&gt;Fiesta&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podría haberse perfectamente redactado con &quot;apenas lo hizo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T07:01:22.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27783" CreationDate="2018-11-08T13:29:47.027" Score="0" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;Planteo esta pregunta debido a que he recordado un ejemplo donde en muchos casos similares suelo tener esta duda y me gustaría leer y aprender más al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de lo que pregunto es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Command Line - Línea de comandos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede observar, en lugar de ser &lt;em&gt;Comando Linea&lt;/em&gt;, se traduce &lt;em&gt;Línea de Comando&lt;/em&gt;. Y no sólo se invierte el orden, sino que también se agrega &quot;de&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la regla que dicta que esto sea de esta forma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20510" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T13:51:17.210" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T14:37:36.293" Title="¿Por qué las expresiones traducidas del español al inglés no se escriben exáctamente igual?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2018-11-08T13:50:01.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El idioma español y, en su nombre, la &lt;em&gt;Gramática española&lt;/em&gt; son los que dictan que eso sea así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partamos de que &quot;línea&quot; y &quot;comando&quot; son dos sustantivos. La gramática inglesa dicta que un sustantivo puede adjetivizar a otro. Así, en &quot;command line&quot; el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;command&lt;/em&gt; está adjetivizando a &lt;em&gt;line&lt;/em&gt;. Sería como si en español dijéramos &quot;línea comandesca&quot;. Sin embargo, la gramática española dice que cuando dos sustantivos están relacionados, afectando el uno al otro, se deben relacionar con el empleo de la preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;, anteponiendo el sustantivo más general seguido del que crea el caso particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bocata de chorizo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dolor de barriga.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Bolso de cuero.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pañuelo de bolsillo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada uno de estos ejemplos en inglés se podría expresar con un sustantivo adjetivizado: &lt;em&gt;chorizo sandwich&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;stomach ache&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;leather bag&lt;/em&gt;, etc. Pero no es así en español: no decimos &lt;em&gt;bocata choricero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dolor barrigoso&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;bolso encuerado&lt;/em&gt;. Del mismo modo, no decimos &lt;em&gt;línea comandesca&lt;/em&gt; como propuse, sino &lt;em&gt;línea de comandos&lt;/em&gt; (primero &lt;em&gt;línea&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo general, y luego &lt;em&gt;de comandos&lt;/em&gt; para especificar el tipo particular de línea).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, cada idioma tiene sus normas dictadas por la gramática que hay que seguir, y es importante aprenderlas. Por ejemplo, si todavía habláramos latín igual la frase se habría aproximado un poco más al inglés, dado que sería algo así como &quot;līnea ordinātiōnum&quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, con el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;ordinātiō&lt;/em&gt; conjugado en genitivo plural. Aún así tendrías que colocar primero el sustantivo general, igual que en español, y luego el adjetivizado. Y en esperanto, idioma de invención relativamente reciente, se dice &lt;em&gt;komandlinia&lt;/em&gt;, muy cercano a &quot;command line&quot;, con el sustantivo adjetivizante unido al general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sub&gt;En latín en realidad es &lt;em&gt;linea imperandi&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;línea que da órdenes&quot;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T14:37:36.293" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T14:37:36.293" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2018-11-08T22:40:55.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the famous Argentine band Soda Stereo gave their last live concert in 1997, it's been rather common in Argentina to use the expression &lt;em&gt;Gracias totales&lt;/em&gt;, employed by their late vocalist Gustavo Cerati (hear it at the end of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4Sv-2ytWoM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this video&lt;/a&gt; or else &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/cOO0_n87ItM?t=10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). It's definitely informal, but it's got the right vintage to sound at least familiar to almost everyone in Argentina, and possibly elsewhere (Soda Stereo was well-known in most of Latin America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T22:40:55.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22932" CreationDate="2018-11-08T23:48:38.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Uruguay se usa mucho la expresión “no me llorés la milonga” y tiene ese mismo sentido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Milonga significa palabra o palabrerío en quimbunda y era el término con el que los brasileros se referían de manera despectiva a ese género musical, muy popular y extendido en el campo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20517" LastActivityDate="2018-11-08T23:48:38.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27790" CreationDate="2018-11-09T03:39:27.770" Score="8" ViewCount="3630" Body="&lt;p&gt;Still grappling with using the word &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for both 'roof' and 'ceiling'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can the term &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cielo raso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; mean ceiling in Spanish? If so, is it common usage or a technical term?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what would be the best way to say in Spanish: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The top floor of my house does not have a ceiling under the roof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, can &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; be used to denote the ceiling of a room on any level of a house, even the basement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20519" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-09T07:25:23.273" LastActivityDate="2020-08-20T08:40:03.320" Title="How to distinguish &quot;ceiling&quot; from &quot;roof&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22639" CreationDate="2018-11-09T03:48:48.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In certain areas in Mexico, it's common to express gratitude with enthusiasm, in a way that a word for thank you is not explicitly necessary. This would likely be the most vulgar way of saying thank you that is positive and acceptable among people, especially peers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is slang and language you would not use in a formal setting or with superiors, but among friends, if someone gives you a gift or brings you something you wanted (especially when it's hard to find or to acquire), you are able to use phrases that congratulate the person who has gotten you said gift for their ability to acquire it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Wey, &lt;em&gt;te la rifas&lt;/em&gt;, me encantan estas galletas!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Here, &lt;em&gt;te la rifas&lt;/em&gt; is regional slang for something akin to &lt;em&gt;you're so badass&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another answer said it before, but in order to say thank you in ways that are more vulgar than &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt;, you'll have to be a special kind of creative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T03:48:48.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27787" CreationDate="2018-11-09T07:14:45.603" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tricky questions indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm no architect, maybe you need the help of one that knows the terminology employed in Spanish. But let me offer you some useful words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have stated, &lt;strong&gt;techo&lt;/strong&gt; can be employed indistinctly for both roof and ceiling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZIMlMTu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;techo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Parte superior de un edificio&lt;/strong&gt;, construcción, habitáculo, etc., que lo cubre y cierra. [&lt;strong&gt;roof&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Superficie que cierra en lo alto una habitación o espacio cubierto. [&lt;strong&gt;ceiling&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we got a word that means exactly roof and not ceiling: &lt;strong&gt;tejado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZKKvYRl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tejado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Parte superior del edificio&lt;/strong&gt;, cubierta comúnmente por tejas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To construct your phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The top floor of my house does not have a ceiling under the roof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you can employ another specific word: &lt;strong&gt;cerramiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8NUnXgR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cerramiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Arq. Aquello que cierra y termina el edificio por la parte superior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure if that the technical specific word from an architectural point of view.&#xA;If your attic got &lt;strong&gt;tejado&lt;/strong&gt;, the underside of that element is the &lt;strong&gt;techo&lt;/strong&gt; of the room.&#xA;It may be a not fully functional or finished techo, but it's a techo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cielo raso&lt;/strong&gt; is a specific kind of techo. It's a sort of technical name, I didn't know it, but it's registered in the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9AhzvUU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cielo raso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. cielorraso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. En el interior de los edificios, &lt;strong&gt;techo&lt;/strong&gt; de superficie plana y lisa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And last but not least, &lt;strong&gt;techo is the ceiling of any room&lt;/strong&gt; [see definition above], including the basement. Is there a specific word in English for the basement's ceiling?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-09T14:11:42.250" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T14:11:42.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27787" CreationDate="2018-11-09T11:14:46.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general &lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt; is used, as you say, for both &quot;roof&quot; and &quot;ceiling&quot;. We only try to make a distinction when necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cielo raso&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;cielorraso&lt;/em&gt; is a bit technical, but common enough in my experience. &lt;em&gt;Raso&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;flat and smooth&quot; but &lt;em&gt;cielo raso&lt;/em&gt; is often understood as a ceiling in general, provided it's a more-or-less continuous surface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About a good way to say in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The top floor of my house does not have a ceiling under the roof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the sentence itself says there's no ceiling, you can treat this in a general way and say &lt;em&gt;cielo raso&lt;/em&gt;, which is the most common kind of ceiling. If you do this, then &lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt; should be enough to express &quot;roof&quot;, since the contrast should be obvious. If that's not good enough, you could add some detail about the roof; for example, you refer to the beams or rafters (&lt;em&gt;vigas&lt;/em&gt;) that support the roof, which should be hidden by the ceiling if there were one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El piso de arriba de mi casa no tiene cielo raso bajo las vigas del techo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a bit awkward; some people would say something more like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El piso de arriba de mi casa no tiene cielo raso, se ven [directamente] las vigas del techo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that is, &quot;one can see the roof-supporting beams [right away]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your last question, yes, &lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt; can be used to denote the ceiling of a room on any level of a house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something that you didn't ask, but that you could find useful, is about collocation and ambiguity. With &lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt;, if you say &lt;em&gt;subir al techo&lt;/em&gt;, that basically always means &quot;to go up on the roof&quot;; it never means &quot;to climb [a ladder] so that you can reach the ceiling&quot;. If you want to express this latter meaning you need to express it in a different way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the roof is flat and/or meant to be walked on, you can call it a &lt;em&gt;terraza&lt;/em&gt;. If it's sloped and has tiles, it's a &lt;em&gt;tejado&lt;/em&gt;. These are two alternative, more specific ways to refer to a roof, if doing so using &lt;em&gt;techo&lt;/em&gt; would be ambiguous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T11:14:46.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27787" CreationDate="2018-11-09T17:32:41.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Techo&lt;/strong&gt; es lo que cubre o cierra una edificación, sea casa, edificio, etc. Es lo que se ve exteriormente en una construcción.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En arquitectura se prefiere usar la palabra &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cubierta&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Tejado&lt;/strong&gt; es un tipo de techo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6YnCI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6YnCI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &quot;&lt;strong&gt;cielo raso&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; es lo que está a la vista y se coloca interiormente por debajo o del techo o en el caso de casas o edificaciones de varios pisos lo que se coloca o se ve por la parte inferior del piso inmediatamente superior. No se considera que sea exclusivamente un término técnico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nxi1V.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nxi1V.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de techo SIN cielo raso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ImYsp.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ImYsp.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T17:32:41.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27775" CreationDate="2018-11-09T22:50:50.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it can when the circumstance,  as @guifa stated, being referred to &quot;is a future relative to the past.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al igual que la fiscal Magallanes, el juez Vargas se comprometió a estudiar la denuncia y a pronunciarse cuando &lt;strong&gt;tuviera&lt;/strong&gt; un criterio formado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could also be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al igual que la fiscal Magallanes, el juez Vargas se comprometió a estudiar la denuncia y a pronunciarse cuando &lt;strong&gt;tuvo&lt;/strong&gt; un criterio formado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the implication is different.  The first statement is implying that there was a feeling of being unsure when he would complete the task.  The latter is just telling a story in the past with no implication as to a special narrative occurring in relation to the completion of his task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T14:44:41.727" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T14:44:41.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27775" CreationDate="2018-11-09T23:17:42.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Both sentences you posted as narrated &lt;strong&gt;in the past tense&lt;/strong&gt;. There&#xA;  could not possibly, therefore, be a future tense in them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cuando triggers the present subjunctive when you are speaking in the&#xA;  present: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me voy/marcharé&lt;/strong&gt; cuando &lt;strong&gt;vuelvas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) So: Al igual que la fiscal Magallanes, el juez Vargas &lt;strong&gt;se comprometió&lt;/strong&gt; a estudiar la denuncia y a pronunciarse cuando tuviera un criterio formado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Therefore, it could not be in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easier example: &lt;strong&gt;Me dijo&lt;/strong&gt; tu hermano que cuando &lt;strong&gt;tuvieras terminado&lt;/strong&gt; el trabajo, volverias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT: &lt;strong&gt;Me dice&lt;/strong&gt; tu hermano que &lt;strong&gt;cuando tengas terminado&lt;/strong&gt; el trabajo, volverás. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your brother &lt;strong&gt;told me&lt;/strong&gt; that when he &lt;strong&gt;had finished the job&lt;/strong&gt;, he would return. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) [...] &lt;strong&gt;aproveché&lt;/strong&gt; para llevar a mi hija Camila, de 11 años en ese entonces, para ir con ella a Disney &lt;strong&gt;cuando terminara&lt;/strong&gt; el evento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;terminara is past subjunctive, not future [no accent on the a]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2018-11-09T23:17:42.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-10T19:33:05.150" Score="7" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay so I've been searching Spanish nicknames and if you refer to a girl, you can call her &lt;em&gt;lindura&lt;/em&gt; which they say means cutie or beauty (depending on which site you're on). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the male version of it be &lt;em&gt;linduro&lt;/em&gt;? Since they often do that in Spanish I thought so, but while searching I can't find anything that suggests so. They don't find anything and instead I get even more sites talking about lindura... Can anyone help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20442" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T02:52:08.120" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T21:00:21.470" Title="Can you say &quot;linduro&quot; to refer to a man as a &quot;lindura&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27176" CreationDate="2018-11-10T19:42:03.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Quizás por usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JKReih5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gomina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De goma e -ina.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Fijador del cabello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para acicalarse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada más antigua  del &lt;strong&gt;CORDE&lt;/strong&gt; que encuentro para esa acepción es de 1872:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La que con más modestia que justicia se llama á sí propia la buena sociedad, siempre dispuesta á buscar y recoger el mérito cuando éste se halla ya en disposicion de servirla de adorno, encontró un nuevo motivo para solicitarle y atraerle, y Cervántes llegó á ser un pollo verdaderamente fashionable, un &lt;strong&gt;gomoso&lt;/strong&gt; con ménos goma que otros, no lo niego, pero digno de figurar á la cabeza de nuestra high life.  (Carlos Coello, Cuentos inverosímiles)   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La entrada más antigua que he encontrado en un &lt;strong&gt;diccionario&lt;/strong&gt; es en el de Zerolo (1895): &#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hP1OQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hP1OQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-10T19:58:32.980" LastActivityDate="2018-11-10T19:58:32.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27794" CreationDate="2018-11-10T20:50:10.953" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NMmCYa4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Lindura&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is the abstract noun for the adjective &quot;lindo&quot; or &quot;linda&quot; and has therefore no masculine. Being an abstract noun, you can use it to refer to a man or a woman indistinctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my country, we never use it. Instead, we use &quot;preciosura&quot; (the quality of being &quot;precioso/preciosa&quot;) or &quot;belleza&quot; (the quality of being &quot;bello/bella&quot;) or &quot;hermosura&quot; (the quality of being &quot;hermoso/hermosa&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such abstract nouns can be deemed to be used to mean that the person in question is, more than just beautiful, the embodiment of beauty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T21:00:21.470" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T21:00:21.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-11T01:39:08.757" Score="2" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you translate this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Good afternoon, this is (Maria) calling from (business name) &lt;strong&gt;in regards to&lt;/strong&gt; (Alexis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20532" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T02:51:01.330" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T14:06:51.120" Title="How do you say &quot;I'm calling in regards to (Alexis)&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27797" CreationDate="2018-11-11T02:50:06.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key here is &amp;quot;in regards to&amp;quot;, which can be translated in Spanish as &lt;code&gt;a propósito de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UOdvZX1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;propósito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Asunto, materia de que se trata.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a propósito de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. acerca de.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, soy María de &lt;em&gt;-business name-&lt;/em&gt; y llamo/llamaba &lt;strong&gt;a propósito de&lt;/strong&gt; Alexis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use equivalent forms like &lt;code&gt;Con respecto a &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WC1YIHF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con respecto a&lt;/a&gt;, o con respecto de, o respecto a, o respecto de&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;locs. prepos. Acerca de, en lo que se refiere a.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, soy María de &lt;em&gt;-business name-&lt;/em&gt; y llamo/llamaba &lt;strong&gt;con respecto de&lt;/strong&gt; Alexis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even &lt;code&gt;acerca de&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0NqxnBE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acerca de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. prepos. Sobre aquello de que se trata, en orden a ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, soy María de &lt;em&gt;-business name-&lt;/em&gt; y llamo/llamaba &lt;strong&gt;acerca de&lt;/strong&gt; Alexis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T02:50:06.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27797" CreationDate="2018-11-11T10:12:13.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;code&gt;con relación a&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VoYtQP9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;con relación a&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. prepos. En correspondencia con, o conforme a.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. prepos. con respecto a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, soy María de &lt;em&gt;-business name-&lt;/em&gt; y llamo/llamaba &lt;strong&gt;con relación a&lt;/strong&gt; Alexis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or &lt;code&gt;en relación con&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VoYtQP9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en relación con&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. loc. prepos. con relación a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translating as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buenas tardes, soy María de &lt;em&gt;-business name-&lt;/em&gt; y llamo/llamaba &lt;strong&gt;en relación con&lt;/strong&gt; Alexis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T11:29:55.190" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T11:29:55.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27800" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-11T10:49:48.120" Score="4" ViewCount="12719" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la lengua española he encontrado que &lt;code&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/code&gt; es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DetWqMJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. coloq. Conversación sin coherencia lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando la explicación a esta expresión he visto que una de las acepciones de &lt;code&gt;besugo&lt;/code&gt; desde 1983 (en la edición actual, la segunda acepción) es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5Pun2wp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;besugo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Persona torpe o necia.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que parece aclarar la expresión: es fácil suponer que una conversación entre personas torpes o necias carezca de coherencia lógica.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no he podido encontrar ningún ejemplo en el CORDE o en el CREA de uso de esta expresión, y la acepción de &lt;code&gt;besugo = persona torpe o necia&lt;/code&gt; es muy reciente [1983 en el DLE], lo que me hace preguntar:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Desde cuándo se usa esta expresión?   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Se utiliza habitualmente / se entiende en todo el mundo hispanoparlante?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-12-01T21:27:57.710" LastActivityDate="2020-05-22T11:36:48.470" Title="¿Desde cuándo y dónde se usa &quot;diálogo de besugos&quot; para referirse a una conversación sin coherencia lógica?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27797" CreationDate="2018-11-11T14:06:51.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Among the other ansers' suggestions, I think &quot;con relación a&quot; is the most &quot;accurate&quot; of the translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'd like to add that this structure is not very common when calling people. It's very interesting how each language has its own &quot;telephone idioms&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my advise is not to try to find an exact equivalent. It is better to change the sentence in order to make it sound more natural. The expressions I'd use are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(llamo) por&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Soy María, de &lt;em&gt;(business)&lt;/em&gt;, llamo por Alexis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think it's much better to use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pregunto por&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy María, de &lt;em&gt;(business)&lt;/em&gt;, pregunto por Alexis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, I'd change the sentence even more. Just like the first part of the setnence: we don't say &quot;Esta es María&quot; for &quot;This is María&quot;, we say &quot;Soy María&quot;, or something similar, like &quot;Me llamo María&quot;. Spanish is just different, so I'd suggest to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Hablo con Alexis? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Podría hablar con Alexis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T14:06:51.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3237" CreationDate="2018-11-11T14:26:37.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No voy a aportar fuentes porque me quitaría mucho tiempo buscarlas. Dudo de que &quot;fama&quot; provenga de un establecimiento colombiano porque ¿cómo es que se dice en Honduras? Por el mismo motivo dudo del origen árabe, ¿por qué sólo en el centro de Colombia, donde la inmigración árabe es mucho menor que en muchos otros sitios? Yo supongo otra cosa, para la que me baso en el hecho curioso de que ciertas gentes de Honduras y Costa Rica tienen un acento muy parecido al de Bogotá, a pesar de la distancia. Yo creo que &quot;fama&quot; es un muisquismo, y está documentado que en ciertas zonas de Centroamérica se hablaban lenguas chibchas. La documentación sobre esas lenguas es escasa y difícil de encontrar, pero es característico que las palabras reconocidas (&quot;cuba&quot;, &quot;picho&quot;, &quot;pichar&quot;) sean muy usuales en el altiplano del centro de Colombia y no en el resto del país. A lo mejor algún hondureño, salvadoreño o costarricense encuentra en su idiolecto palabras parecidas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20534" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T14:26:37.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27804" CreationDate="2018-11-11T17:17:29.297" Score="3" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Hay un camión **que va** a la playa&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such sentences, can this always be replaced with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Hay un camión **ido** a la playa&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T21:25:05.390" Title="Can I alway replace &quot;que Verb 3rd form&quot; with &quot;past participle Verb&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27803" CreationDate="2018-11-11T18:09:38.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, in fact you can't really ever do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In older Spanish it was very possible to do this if you used the active/present participle of the verb, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cAjB0yv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (or with other verbs, &lt;sup&gt;-ante&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-(i)ente&lt;/sub&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(Medieval)&lt;/sup&gt; Hay un camión &lt;em&gt;yente&lt;/em&gt; a la playa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However&lt;/strong&gt;, these forms have for the most part lost their verbal uses and are now considered merely adjectives.  As such, it's harder and often impossible to use them if the verb has any complements (such as is the case with your sentence, where &lt;em&gt;a la playa&lt;/em&gt; is a locative adverbial complement, or &lt;em&gt;complemento circunstancial de lugar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wish to replace &lt;em&gt;que fue V.&lt;sup&gt;-ado&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-ido&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, you can replace with the past participle.  So for instance, given the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay un camión que fue comprado por una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can replace the &lt;em&gt;que fue comprado&lt;/em&gt; with simply &lt;em&gt;comprado&lt;/em&gt; (matching for gender and number) to get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay un camión comprado por una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T18:09:38.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19040" CreationDate="2018-11-11T18:21:51.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es debido a que prevalece el derecho a la presunción de inocencia.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y la Suprema Corte de Justicia han coincidido en que el derecho a la presunción de inocencia abarca la difusión del rostro y el nombre del inculpado, es por eso que debe haber una distorsión y un alias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;N&quot; no tiene un significado: simplemente lo usan arbitrariamente y ya para proteger a los derechos de la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20535" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T21:00:27.037" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T21:00:27.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27803" CreationDate="2018-11-11T18:41:07.550" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The grammatical phenomenon known in English as relative clause reduction also exists in Spanish, with the present or past participle accompanying the noun &lt;strong&gt;only when the auxiliary verb omitted is SER or ESTAR&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your original sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un camión &lt;strong&gt;que va a la playa&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the verb in the relative does not contain &quot;ser&quot; or &quot;estar&quot; and therefore cannot be reduced as proposed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un camión &lt;strong&gt;que está yendo a la playa&lt;/strong&gt;. (There is a truck which is going to the beach.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be reduced to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un camión &lt;strong&gt;yendo a la playa&lt;/strong&gt;. (There is a truck going to the beach.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: The present participle can only be used with dynamic or action verbs, as is the case with &quot;ir&quot;. Therefore, the sentence below in which the verb is stative is frowned upon according to strict grammar rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un camión &lt;strong&gt;conteniendo&lt;/strong&gt; mercadería valiosa. (There is a truck containing valuable goods.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In correct Spanish, we need to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hay un camión que contiene mercadería valiosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for a past participle to be able to form a reduced relative clause, it needs to stem from a passive voice or from a predicate containing &quot;estar&quot; and an adjectival participle as complement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el camión &lt;strong&gt;que fue secuestrado ayer&lt;/strong&gt;. (That is the truck that was hijacked yesterday.) (&quot;fue secuestrado&quot; is passive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be reduced to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el camión &lt;strong&gt;secuestrado ayer&lt;/strong&gt;. (That is the truck hijacked yesterday.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el camión que &lt;strong&gt;está atascado en el médano&lt;/strong&gt;. (That is the truck that is stuck in the dune.) (&quot;está atascado&quot; is a copula + adjectival participle structure)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be reduced to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ese es el camión &lt;strong&gt;atascado en el médano&lt;/strong&gt;. (That is the truck stuck in the dune.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T21:25:05.390" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T21:25:05.390" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27807" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-12T02:37:29.680" Score="3" ViewCount="27811" Body="&lt;p&gt;En esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/27796/revisions&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/27796/revisions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y otras respuestas anteriores, toda vez que utilicé una palabra entre comillas al inicio de oración con minúscula, la palabra fue editada por algún colega del sitio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión es que una palabra (no una cita) entrecomillada está siendo utilizada metalingüísticamente y, por lo tanto, debería mantenerse en minúscula, al igual que las entradas del diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, del mismo modo que el diccionario dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;lindura&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Cualidad de lindo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Persona o cosa linda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(véase que &quot;lindura&quot; está en minúscula), mi opinión es que es correcto escribir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;lindura&quot; es el sustantivo abstracto correspondiente al adjetivo &quot;lindo&quot;, o bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;lindura&quot; denota la cualidad de lindo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿cuál es la norma que indica que, &lt;strong&gt;utilizada metalingüísticamente&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, no para hablar de la lindura sino de la palabra &quot;lindura&quot; (o cualquier otra), una palabra debe llevar mayúscula inicial al comienzo de una oración?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-12T09:21:38.557" LastActivityDate="2021-05-11T06:59:24.470" Title="¿Se debe usar mayúscula para una palabra entre comillas al inicio de una oración?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27807" CreationDate="2018-11-12T07:15:53.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, en el capítulo 4 se habla sobre el uso de mayúsculas y minúsculas. El &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=fMjXphPfzgOkkzbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apartado 4.1&lt;/a&gt; dice (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se escriben con mayúscula inicial exigida por la puntuación las palabras siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.1.1.1 La primera palabra de un escrito o la que aparece después de un punto, &lt;strong&gt;independientemente de que pueda estar precedida de&lt;/strong&gt; un signo de apertura de paréntesis, &lt;strong&gt;comillas&lt;/strong&gt;, interrogación o exclamación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita como excepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El único caso en el que la primera palabra de un texto o enunciado puede aparecer escrita con minúscula inicial se da cuando dicha palabra va precedida de los puntos suspensivos que indican, en la reproducción de una cita, que el fragmento citado no inicia enunciado en el texto original: &lt;em&gt;«... y los sueños, sueños son», como afirmaba Segismundo en uno de los dos famosos monólogos de&lt;/em&gt; La vida es sueño, &lt;em&gt;de Calderón de la Barca&lt;/em&gt;; pero si se prescinde de los puntos suspensivos, la primera palabra se escribe, como es preceptivo, con mayúscula: &lt;em&gt;«Y los sueños, sueños son», como afirmaba Segismundo en uno de los dos famosos monólogos de&lt;/em&gt; La vida es sueño, &lt;em&gt;de Calderón de la Barca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que el caso del diccionario es un caso especial. En las palabras del diccionario no se escriben frases, solo son enumeraciones de palabras, y dicha enumeración va con minúscula inicial para distinguir las palabras que siempre deben ir con mayúscula inicial de las que no. Por ejemplo, la palabra &quot;Estocolmo&quot; está presente en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Gu9qUA4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estocolmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;síndrome de Estocolmo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y va con mayúscula en la definición para indicar que siempre se usa así. En otras definiciones te pueden indicar &quot;con mayúscula inicial en acepciones tal y cual&quot;. Pero me estoy desviando del tema. Tal vez podrías acogerte a esto mismo de &quot;evitar hacer creer que la palabra a la que aludes se escriba siempre con mayúscula inicial&quot; para argumentar que en tu ejemplo &quot;lindura&quot; se escriba con minúscula a pesar de estar al principio de la frase. Para estos casos la RAE dice, por poner un ejemplo (negritas mías de nuevo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las siglas indicativas de los protocolos de acceso a las páginas electrónicas (&lt;em&gt;http, https&lt;/em&gt;) y la que antecede al nombre de un dominio en Internet (&lt;em&gt;www&lt;/em&gt;) se escriben siempre con minúsculas en las direcciones electrónicas: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.asale.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Puesto que no pueden escribirse con mayúscula inicial aun tratándose del primer elemento de un escrito o de un enunciado, &lt;strong&gt;se recomienda evitar que aparezcan en dicha posición&lt;/strong&gt;, anteponiéndoles algún otro elemento: &lt;em&gt;El sitio www.tragalibros.com cuenta con un extenso catálogo de literatura infantil&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos acogemos a esta recomendación, tu ejemplo quedaría mejor redactado así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La voz &quot;lindura&quot; representa el sustantivo abstracto correspondiente al adjetivo &quot;lindo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es costumbre de la RAE proponer alternativas en caso de duda o ante casos que bordean las normas establecidas. En todo caso, una vez consultada a la RAE en Twitter su respuesta ha sido &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/1062712964552278016&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque una voz se emplee metalingüísticamente, si se encuentra a comienzo de enunciado, debe escribirse con mayúscula inicial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, finalmente parece que tu ejemplo debería escribirse así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Lindura&quot; es el sustantivo abstracto correspondiente al adjetivo &quot;lindo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-06-12T19:17:28.283" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T19:17:28.283" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27800" CreationDate="2018-11-12T08:05:17.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, la expresión &lt;em&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/em&gt; es muy reciente, se añadió al diccionario de la RAE en 2001, aunque a mí me da la sensación de que es bastante anterior. La explicación, como afirmas, es que la acepción de &lt;em&gt;besugo&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;hombre torpe y necio&quot; es también bastante reciente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Antes se usaban otras expresiones mucho más directas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Parece un diálogo de idiotas —dijo Traveler.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —De mongoloides puros —dijo Oliveira.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Uno cree que va a explicar algo, y cada vez es peor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Julio Cortázar, &quot;Rayuela&quot;, 1963 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es cierto que en el CORDE no existen casos de la expresión, pero sí que los hay en el CREA. El más antiguo es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si se piensa que por aquellas fechas Rusia y Occidente no se ponían de acuerdo sobre si la España de Franco constituía un peligro real o potencial para la paz internacional, se comprende que toda la historia de las negociaciones de desarme haya sido una comedia de despropósitos, una pieza de teatro de lo absurdo o, como decían los humoristas de la España autárquica, un interminable diálogo de besugos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquilino Duque, &quot;El suicidio de la modernidad. Una revisión crítica de&#xA;  la cultura contemporánea&quot;, 1984 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto además nos informa de que la expresión &lt;em&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/em&gt; se originó en España durante la dictadura de Franco. De hecho en la hemeroteca de la BNE los primeros casos se ven en textos de 1971 (aunque corresponden con ejemplares cuyo acceso es de pago), y en la hemeroteca del ABC hay un caso de 1965:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El diálogo de los sordos continúa, aunque es posible que sea seguido del diálogo para besugos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC SEVILLA, 20/05/1965, página 63.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es que en realidad la acepción despectiva de &lt;em&gt;besugo&lt;/em&gt; viene de mucho antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ya se sabe hacia qué época se abrirán las Cortes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¡Hacia Diciembre!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El mes tradicional del turrón y el besugo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y como ustedes saben, no se trata de otra cosa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De que los besugos se coman los turrones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y á nosotros nos dan la lata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pero vacía.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blanco y Negro (Madrid), 30/10/1892, página 15.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso que al principio la acepción despectiva de &lt;em&gt;besugo&lt;/em&gt; al principio parecía aplicarse únicamente a la clase política:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ocurre en esto lo que en política. En vano queremos prescindir de los besugos politicantes&lt;/em&gt; vieux jeu, &lt;em&gt;si no nos hemos preocupado antes de formar otros nuevos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC (Madrid), 08/11/1917, página 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si los &lt;em&gt;besugos&lt;/em&gt; solían ser políticos, y los políticos son personas que suelen pasar mucho tiempo dialogando en las Cortes, la creación de la expresión &lt;em&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/em&gt; era cuestión de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a si se entiende en todo el mundo hispanohablante, los ejemplos que he encontrado son todos de España. En el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; aparece la palabra &lt;em&gt;besugo&lt;/em&gt; pero solo con su acepción referente al pez. Eso parece descartar que se use allí esta palabra de forma despectiva de la misma manera que en España, aunque sí que hay un caso en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mariano Gómez de Liaño salió como una flecha hacia el juez García-Castellón, que aún no había bajado del estrado. El fiscal Orti se aproximó y Jiménez fue detrás suyo. Gómez de Liaño levantó el dedo índice de su mano izquierda, señaló hacia la puerta del tribunal. Todavía le quedaban agallas para amenazar. García-Castellón puso cara de besugo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ernesto Ekaizer, &quot;Vendetta&quot;, 1996 (Argentina).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy seguro en todo caso de cuál es la intención del escritor en este fragmento. Hay uno mucho más claro, aunque es algo antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Claro, al lado de don Olimpio, que es un besugo, eres una lumbrera; pero al lado de las lumbreras, eres menos que un fósforo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emilio Bobadilla, &quot;A fuego lento&quot;, 1903 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya es cuestión de que nuestros compañeros americanos nos confirmen si se usa &lt;em&gt;besugo&lt;/em&gt; como insulto en los países de allí, y si es así si la expresión &lt;em&gt;diálogo de besugos&lt;/em&gt; se entendería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T08:05:17.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27812" CreationDate="2018-11-12T14:20:50.960" Score="5" ViewCount="3035" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces me entra la duda de si en la oración&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verás como todo va bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;la palabra &quot;como&quot; lleva o no tilde. Por la entonación que le suelo dar a la frase diría que no, pero si la analizo gramaticalmente mi intuición me dice que sí. Y luego resulta que me encuentro esta definición en el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. quomŏdo.&#xA;Puede escribirse con acento en acep. 6.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. relat. Algún modo en que o ningún modo en que. U. sin antecedente expreso, generalmente con los verbos &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;No tenía como escribirlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Al final resulta que puedo escribirlo de cualquiera de las dos formas, con tilde y sin tilde? ¿Encaja este uso de &quot;como&quot; con la mencionada acepción 6?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T14:59:42.940" Title="¿Lleva &quot;como&quot; tilde en &quot;verás como todo va bien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2018-11-12T14:30:55.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la acepción que aplica en este caso es la número 6 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xX6XpW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cómo&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6.&lt;/strong&gt; adv. excl. De qué modo, de qué manera. &lt;em&gt;¡Cómo vive!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verás &lt;em&gt;de qué manera&lt;/em&gt; todo va bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción 6 de &lt;em&gt;como&lt;/em&gt; (sin tilde) no concuerda con el significado del ejemplo; lo que se le está diciendo al oyente es que ya verá ¡de qué manera! las cosas irán bien. El uso es paralelo al de otros adverbios exclamativos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verás cuántos regalos te traeré.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Verás qué bien te va.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Verás quién te está esperando en casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T14:30:55.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2018-11-12T14:37:39.493" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iba a confirmar tu suposición pero mira lo que aparece en la acepción 15&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9xWxEd9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;como&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;15. conj. desus. Sustituía a &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; para introducir una subordinada. &lt;em&gt;Sabrás como hemos llegado sin novedad&lt;/em&gt;. U. actualmente solo con ciertos verbos. &lt;em&gt;Sal con ellos y &lt;strong&gt;verás como lo pasas muy bien&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que tu frase &amp;quot;Verás como todo va bien&amp;quot; coincide en estructura con la señalada en negrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verás como todo va bien = Verás &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; todo va bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T14:59:42.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2018-11-12T21:13:18.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debido al negocio más importante de Colombia, como lo es el narcotráfico, cuya gran sede siempre fue Medellín -de donde proviene la palabra &quot;parcero&quot;-, se deduce que es una transliteración de la palabra en inglés &quot;partner&quot; -compañero-, que tiene similitudes como vi en otras respuestas con el portugués, pero que no crea una asociación real cultural entre el origen de la palabra y su contexto de asimilación cultural. Para ello un ejemplo claro es la película &quot;Rodrigo D. No futuro&quot; grabada en la década del ochenta, donde la cresta de la popularidad del narcotráfico desplazó el producto nacional por tradición en Colombia: el café. Por ende es más una palabra de acercamiento mutuo, más que de un insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20540" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T21:13:18.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27807" CreationDate="2018-11-12T22:51:34.513" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi, la definición de una palabra no necesita mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE no tiene este caso específico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hay que decir que el caso no se ve mucho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;hogar&amp;quot; es una palabra con una historia larga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué llevaría mayúscula? No tiene sentido ninguno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes toda la razón de escribir la frase abajo como la has escrito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;lindura&amp;quot; es el sustantivo abstracto correspondiente al adjetivo &amp;quot;lindo&amp;quot;, o bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;lindura&amp;quot; denota la cualidad de lindo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Tengo que fijarme bien para no confundirme con el portugués: maiúscula, ja ja.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de la DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;diccionario enciclopédico&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. diccionario que, además de las palabras comunes de una lengua, contiene nombres propios de destacados personajes, acontecimientos, lugares, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;diccionario enciclopédico&amp;quot; es un término en el Dicionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que ningún académico español pusiera una mayúscula en esta frase.&#xA;Infelizmente, cuando se hizo la pregunta al académico que se cita no-sé-dónde arriba, la pregunta no fue clara. Pregúntaselo otra vez. Veréis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡ Qué disfruteis !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DgIqVCc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE definición de diccionario enciclopédico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorDisplayName="user28386" LastEditDate="2021-05-11T06:59:24.470" LastActivityDate="2021-05-11T06:59:24.470" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27146" CreationDate="2018-11-13T08:00:16.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La explicación de Sbarbi mencionada en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27149/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de ukemi&lt;/a&gt; me parece cuanto menos genial, dado que de un plumazo te explica el origen de varias expresiones que hacen referencia a números, como &quot;estar en sus trece&quot; (que ya sabemos que en realidad &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27822/12637&quot;&gt;su origen es distinto&lt;/a&gt;), &quot;tener la cabeza a las tres&quot;, &quot;tomar las once&quot; y más. Sin embargo, no acabo de ver la relación entre la &quot;mansedumbre&quot;, que sería la palabra de once letras a la que hace alusión el dicho, y el ser un entrometido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión la recoge el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; en el siglo XVIII, pero hay registros desde mucho antes. Gonzalo de Correas recoge el refrán en su &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario de refranes y frases proverbiales&lt;/em&gt; de 1627, tal que así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Konke venía la viexa kon sus onze de ovexa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aclara que era una frase usada con desdén: &quot;ya viene con sus once de oveja&quot;. Sin embargo, la frase también es usada con otro significado en una obra ligeramente anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El día siguiente, que no tenía otro nuevo patrimonio adquirido ni heredado, estábame, como dicen, en mis once de oveja, que es con mi misma necesidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gregorio González, &quot;El guitón Onofre&quot;, 1606 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La edición consultada tiene una nota a pie de página que indica que &quot;en mis once de oveja&quot; en el texto significa &quot;sin provecho&quot;. Es decir, que el personaje estaba ocioso, sin nada que hacer, y esto sí me cuadra más con relacionar &quot;once&quot; con las once letrás de &quot;mansedumbre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, revisando el &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE (buscando la palabra &quot;once&quot; y rebuscando entre las más de 300 fichas) descubro que hay quien debate el origen de algunas expresiones numéricas, como la de &quot;tomar las once&quot;, argumentando que &quot;las once&quot; no se refiere a las once letras de &quot;aguardiente&quot;, sino al aperitivo que se tomaba a las once, y por tanto el número hace referencia a la hora. Así pues, no sería de extrañar que en el caso de &quot;once de oveja&quot; el origen fuera distinto también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que voy a proponer una nueva teoría. Recuerdo que hace tiempo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/24415/12637&quot;&gt;descubrí la expresión&lt;/a&gt; &quot;siesta del carnero&quot;, que hace referencia a la costumbre de descansar estos antes de la comida del mediodía. Hay referencias desde el siglo XVI a este momento que tienen los carneros para sestear. Luego si con &quot;once&quot; nos referimos al refrigerio de las once (antes del mediodía), ¿no sería posible que &quot;las once de oveja&quot; se refiera al momento de descanso (ocioso) de las ovejas a esa misma hora? Esto explicaría el origen de la expresión tal y como se recoje en el texto de Gregorio González (en su acepción de &quot;sin provecho&quot;). Y de ahí no es raro que la expresión pasara a hacer mención a las personas que, por no tener una ocupación, se dedican a entrometerse en las ocupaciones de los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente no dispongo de pruebas que lo demuestren. Simplemente me pareció una forma más razonable de explicar el origen que la de hacer cuentas con las letras de determinadas palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quevedo usó esta expresión en alguna de sus obras. En una nota a pie de página en una de estas se lee:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se usa para dar a entender que alguno se entromete en lo que no le importa. Atribuye tal significado la Academia a esta frase, pero el sentido en nuestro autor es más conforme al general en Andalucía, dándose a entender mansedumbre y humildad fingida. Ni en una ni en otra aplicación es fácil averiguar su origen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T14:37:13.170" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T14:37:13.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-13T08:03:17.057" Score="2" ViewCount="875" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trabajo con mexicanos que suelen cambiar el uso de verbos de la forma de &quot;usted&quot; a la de &quot;tú&quot; platicando entre sí, y al revés también. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay reglas del uso de &quot;usted&quot; que cambian con la situación y no con la persona a quien se dirige?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20038" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T14:42:53.700" LastActivityDate="2019-10-23T12:53:59.903" Title="¿Por qué cambiar &quot;usted&quot; con &quot;tú&quot;?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;persona-gramatical&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27816" CreationDate="2018-11-13T08:47:35.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que esas reglas no existen pero no podría asegurartelo. Lo que sí puedo es trasladarte esta definición que da el DLE de la palabra &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bBhdfZ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. pron. person. 3.ª pers. m. y f. pl. Forma que, en nominativo, en vocativo o precedida de preposición, designa, en Canarias, en parte de&#xA;Andalucía y en América, a las personas a las que se dirige quien habla&#xA;o escribe, &lt;strong&gt;sin hacer distinción de familiaridad, respeto o cortesía&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Niños, hay merienda para ustedes en la cocina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt; (y la forma verbal asociada) se usan como tercera persona sin que por ello se pretenda mostrar cortesía y &lt;strong&gt;sin que dependa de la situación concreta&lt;/strong&gt;. Como indica el DLE esto ocurre en Canarias, Andalucía (doy fe como andaluz) y en Hispanoamérica (incluyendo México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como me &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27816/por-qu%C3%A9-cambiar-usted-con-t%C3%BA/27817#comment47072_27817&quot;&gt;señala @pablodf76&lt;/a&gt;, la acepción que indico arriba se corresponde al plural &lt;strong&gt;ustedes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consultando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/a&gt; encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=CsI7XXSi8x0AIcvNpie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usted&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.    fórm. Gu, Ho, ES, Ni. Se usa como forma de tratamiento de respeto de una persona a un niño.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ii.   Ho, ES. Se usa como forma de tratamiento de cariño y amor entre los esposos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-23T12:53:59.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27818" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-11-13T09:59:48.703" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T09:59:48.703" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T09:59:48.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27819" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-11-13T09:59:48.703" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre el uso del pronombre &quot;usted&quot; como segunda persona formal del singular / Questions about the usage of the pronoun 'usted' to refer to the second person singular, formal (as opposed to using &quot;tú&quot;)" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T00:47:29.640" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T00:47:29.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27816" CreationDate="2018-11-13T13:07:46.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sin conocer el contexto es difícil responder. &lt;em&gt;Usted&lt;/em&gt; generalmente expresa respeto, formalidad o distanciamiento, comparado con &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, pero en algunos dialectos es al revés y se usa de manera familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una persona está hablando con otra, en un determinado lugar y en una determinada situación, no es probable que se traten de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; en un momento dado y al momento siguiente pasen a tratarse de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. Se me ocurren algunos ejemplos donde sí podría cambiar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si el uso de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; es irónico o sarcástico o parte del tono de una broma. Por ejemplo, si uno de mis compañeros de trabajo dice algo que me suena formal o estirado, yo puedo responderle tratándolo de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; irónicamente. (No sé si esto pasa en el español de México; pasa seguido en Argentina.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si las personas que hablan están en presencia de un tercero ante el cual hay que mostrarse formales. Por ejemplo, dos empleados de distinta jerarquía pueden conocerse y hablar familiarmente de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, pero cuando llega el jefe de ambos, pasan a hablarse entre ellos de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En los lugares donde &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; se usa como forma de intimidad especial, dos personas pueden hablar siempre de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;, pero en el momento de contar o confiarse algo muy íntimo, pasar por un momento al &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. (No sé si esto puede ocurrir en el español de México; en Argentina no usamos nunca el &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; así.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T13:07:46.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-13T13:55:35.387" Score="2" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como vimos en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27149/12637&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, Sbarbi nos explica el origen de la expresión &quot;estar alguien en sus trece&quot;, que significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aYPXdWU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estarse&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mantenerse&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;seguir&lt;/strong&gt;, alguien &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; sus &lt;strong&gt;trece&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Persistir con pertinacia en algo que ha aprendido o empezado a ejecutar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. Mantener a todo trance su opinión.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho origen estaría basado, al igual que otras expresiones similares que usan números, en el número de letras que tiene la palabra &lt;em&gt;determinación&lt;/em&gt;, que es lo que muestran las personas que se mantienen en sus trece.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al igual que me pasó con la expresión &quot;con sus once de oveja&quot;, me resisto a creer este origen. Buscando información sobre la expresión encuentro que ya se usaba en &lt;em&gt;La Celestina&lt;/em&gt;, escrita por Fernando de Rojas alrededor del año 1500:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡En sus treze está este necio!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también antigua es la palabra &lt;em&gt;determinación&lt;/em&gt;, dado que ya aparece en el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495. Por tanto, la explicación de Sbarbi sigue siendo plausible. Y más teniendo en cuenta que, según este ejemplo, &quot;trece&quot; hace alusión a algo femenino (como &quot;letras&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El camarero le dyxo: &quot;Señor, aun estás en vuestras treze.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;La corónica de Adramón&quot;, c1492 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;trece&lt;/em&gt; tiene de por sí otras implicaciones, desde la religiosa (Jesucristo y los doce apóstoles sumaban trece) hasta más terrenales. Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TRECE. En el Orden, y Caballería de Santiago, se llama el Caballero Diputado, y nombrado por el Maestre, y demás Caballeros, para algun Capítulo general. Diósele estre nombre, porque siempre eligen trece Caballeros à este fin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] e aun por la grand distançia de algunos caualleros fué acordado que non se fiziese la congregaçión o ayuntamiento en la dicha villa de Ocaña, saluo que cada uno de los Treze diese su voto para ello en doquier que estouiese.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Lope de Estúñiga acepta el cargo de Administrador de la Orden de Santiago&quot;, 1465 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me haría más plausible que el origen de la expresión estuviera en uno de estos ámbitos. Así pues, ¿existe alguna otra explicación acerca del origen de la expresión &quot;estarse en sus trece&quot; aparte de la propuesta por Sbarbi?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T14:15:23.887" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T14:28:46.760" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;estar alguien en sus trece&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27821" CreationDate="2018-11-13T14:18:51.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo al &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-tozudo-papa-que-dio-origen-a-la-expresion-estar-en-sus-trece/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog de 20 minutos&lt;/a&gt; &quot;El origen de este dicho procede del Papa Benedicto XIII&quot; cuyo &quot;nombramiento chocaba de pleno con aquellos que reconocían a Bonifacio IX como &lt;em&gt;Papa legítimo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Papa Luna (Benedicto XIII) &lt;strong&gt;fue elegido pontífice en 1394&lt;/strong&gt; en medio de una serie de luchas y ambiciones internas de varios países por conseguir que la sede papal volviese al Vaticano (en 1309 se había trasladada a Aviñón en el conocido como Cisma de Occidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francia retiró el apoyo a Benedicto XIII, y con ello la sede episcopal de Aviñón, el Papa Luna [Benedicto XIII] se trasladó a vivir al Castillo de Peñíscola, donde siguió manteniéndose en su puesto de pontífice, a pesar de recibir todo tipo de presiones para que renunciara, lo que provocó que rápidamente se comenzase a utilizar, refiriéndose a él, la expresión «sigue en sus trece». &lt;strong&gt;Evidentemente ese trece era una clara referencia al número que acompañaba su nombre papal: XIII&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta curiosidad que forma parte del libro “Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe” (Una curiosidad para cada día del año) de Alfred López.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/Expresiones/?Mantenerse-en-sus-trece&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; propone la misma etimología para la expresión, al igual que otros blogs/web como &lt;a href=&quot;http://historiasdelahistoria.com/2014/03/21/mantenerse-en-sus-trece&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historias de la Historia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2016/10/13/articulo/1476354711_200357.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Verne/El País&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece que todo esto ocurrió casi un siglo antes que esas entrada de &quot;La corónica de Adramón&quot; (1492) y &quot;La Celestina&quot; (1500) que citas en la pregunta, por lo que los números cuadran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T14:28:46.760" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T14:28:46.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27823" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27824" CreationDate="2018-11-13T20:03:00.817" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué van a echar a las 6 de la tarde?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé, pero esto es lo que puedes ver [a continuación / dentro de un rato / luego].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the the difference between these three options?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Which ones would refer to &amp;quot;next program relatively to now&amp;quot; and which &amp;quot;relatively to 6pm&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I need two versions of answers; one which would say what is on tv in a moment from &amp;quot;now&amp;quot; and the other that would say what is on tv after 6pm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T19:44:45.440" Title="Differecences between &quot;A continuación&quot; vs &quot;dentro de un rato&quot; vs &quot;luego&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;tiempo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27823" CreationDate="2018-11-13T20:21:30.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé, pero esto es lo que puedes ver &lt;strong&gt;a continuación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use this if we are close to 6pm and I know that, for example, the current movie is ending and the new program will start at 6pm. It basically means &quot;It is &lt;strong&gt;what comes next&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;dentro de un rato&quot; means in a while. It's not yet 6pm, so you'll be able to see it in a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No sé, pero esto es lo que puedes ver &lt;strong&gt;luego&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Luego&quot; here means &quot;later&quot;. It doesn't necessarily mean &quot;later at 6pm&quot; but &quot;later today&quot; or &quot;later this week&quot; (luego, &lt;em&gt;en algún momento&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T20:31:46.067" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T20:31:46.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-14T03:01:06.100" Score="5" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the phrase &quot;tal cosas&quot; the other day and may have even used it in conversation myself, but at some point I got to wondering if I should be using &quot;tales cosas&quot; instead.  So, I did a search for these two phrases with Google's Ngram Viewer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/d36VpBY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and, as you can see, very few instances of &quot;tal cosas&quot; seem to be in existence, but it appears that the phrase is being used and even found in books that appear to be written by native Spanish speakers.  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No son evangélicos quienes tal cosas hacen, ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;Those who do such things are not evangelical, ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=a8TYAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;dq=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj3nfXx2dLeAhWpHzQIHQ24DBc4UBDoAQgpMAA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;— Pluralismo religioso en España,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de José Luis Coêlho Pires, ‎Julián García Hernando, p. 429 (1992)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;... y ellos respondieron: 'aquí los jóvenes hacen tal y tal cosas'&quot; [...]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;... and they responded:'young people do such and such here'&quot; [...]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=TO40Od5JSygC&amp;amp;q=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;dq=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj3nfXx2dLeAhWpHzQIHQ24DBc4UBDoAQg9MAM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;— Identidades en transformación: juventud indígena, migración y experiencia transnacional en Cañar, Ecuador,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Jorge Daniel Vásquez Arreaga, p. 98 (2014)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... quienes tal cosas afirman se quedan sólo en el prólogo de 'El reino de este mundo,' ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;... those who affirm such things remain only in the prologue of&lt;/em&gt; The Kingdom of this World &lt;em&gt;...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=lERIAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;dq=%22tal+cosas%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjI-dCt3dLeAhWEGDQIHXROD1I4eBDoAQhbMAg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;— Los espejismos de las primeras hierbas,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de Orlando González Moreno, p. 265 (1996)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've even seen instances of &quot;tal cosas&quot; in recent online news articles as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... si publicitas tal cosas, ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;... if you advertise such things, ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;a href=&quot;https://us.hola.com/actualidad/20181102132342/ot-aitana-ocana-carta-fan/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;La carta de una fan de Aitana, que refleja su decepción con la artista, se convierte en viral&quot;,&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Hola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... pasan tal cosas ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;... such things happen ...&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.marca.com/futbol/atletico/2018/11/09/5be582bf46163f58868b465a.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Simeone: 'En todos los equipos importantes hay lesiones'&quot;,&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;MARCA.com&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Quien sea capaz de decir tal cosas es que la tiene de cemento armado.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;&quot;Whoever is able to say such things is the person who has reinforced concrete.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.deportevalenciano.com/2018/08/28/guedes-jorge-mendes-le-olvidado-valencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Guedes es de Jorge Mendes, por si a alguno se le ha olvidado en Valencia&quot;,&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Deporte Valenciano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not in any &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; articles.  Then again, I haven't seen any &quot;tales cosas&quot; in any &lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt; articles either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be that as it may, I am assuming that &quot;tales cosas&quot; is considered acceptable, but I'm not so sure about &quot;tal cosas&quot; (especially when a search of the CORDE returned nothing for this phrase, but did have some results for &quot;tales cosas&quot;).  The relatively few instances of &quot;tal cosas&quot; I have found have made me think that it isn't considered standard Spanish.  I've even taken a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;these pages&lt;/a&gt;, but a quick glance tells me that neither addresses the question I've posed here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone clear this up for me?  If you can cite some sources, even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se acepta &quot;tal cosas&quot; como español estándar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me encontré con la frase “tal cosas” el otro día y es posible que la usé en una conversación yo misma, pero en algún momento, me puse a pensar si debería usar “tales cosas” en lugar de eso.  Así que, hice una búsqueda estas dos frases con el Ngram Viewer de Google:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección escrita en inglés.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y, como puedes ver, muy pocas instancias de “tal cosas” parecen existir, pero parece que la frase se utiliza y se encuentra incluso en libros que parecen estar escritos por hispanohablantes nativos.  Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección escrita en inglés.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, incluso he visto instancias de “tal cosas” en noticias recientes en la red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección escrita en inglés.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero, no las vi las frases “tal cosas” ni siquiera “tales cosas” en artículos de &lt;em&gt;El País.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sea como fuere, estoy asumiendo que “tales cosas” se considera aceptable, pero no estoy tan segura de “tal cosas” (especialmente cuando una búsqueda de CORDE no resultó en nada para esta frase, pero algunos resultados aparecieron por “tales cosas”.  Los relativamente pocos casos de “tal cosas” que he encontrado me han hecho pensar que no se acepta como correcto según las reglas de gramática en español.  Incluso he echado un vistazo a estas páginas [véanse el enlace arriba en la parte inglés], pero una mirada rápida me dice que ninguno de los dos aborda la pregunta que he planteado aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien aclararme esto?  Si puedes citar algunas fuentes, aún mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="18776" LastEditDate="2018-11-15T00:29:34.967" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T08:01:12.657" Title="Is &quot;tal cosas&quot; accepted as standard Spanish?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27825" CreationDate="2018-11-14T07:46:41.890" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tal cosas&lt;/strong&gt; is grammatically wrong. The quoted resources are typos or simply mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yy91lUI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. talis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neutro&lt;/strong&gt; tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj. dem&lt;/strong&gt;. Ese, dicho o que se acaba de mencionar. Profirió insultos y amenazas, y tal comportamiento provocó su inmediata expulsión. U.&#xA;  raramente con artículo antepuesto. Hicieron el pedido de las armas y&#xA;  esperaron con paciencia las tales armas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj. dem&lt;/strong&gt;. De estas o esas características o clase. U. m. pospuesto. Las temibles tormentas de octubre arrasaron la isla. Nadie se esperaba&#xA;  tormentas tales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've highlighted &lt;strong&gt;adj.dem&lt;/strong&gt;: adjetivo demostrativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an &lt;strong&gt;adjective&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish, it must match gender and number (singular or plural) of the name that it accompanies. &lt;strong&gt;Tal&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;neutro&lt;/strong&gt;, so it does not have different forms for gender. But it does have a plural form: &lt;strong&gt;tales&lt;/strong&gt;. So if you use &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; to modify the name &lt;strong&gt;cosas&lt;/strong&gt; (plural), the correct form is &lt;strong&gt;tales.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've come with this example that may help you. The word &lt;strong&gt;esa&lt;/strong&gt; is another adjetivo demostrativo, and you can replace &quot;tal&quot; by it in multiple contexts, remembering that &quot;esa&quot; is not &quot;neutro&quot;, it must match the gender too.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Esa cosas&lt;/strong&gt; sounds wrong to a native speaker, noun and adjective does not match in number. Just the same thing occurs with &quot;tal&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tal cosas&lt;/strong&gt; es incorrecto gramaticalmente. Los textos citados son erratas o simplemente errores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yy91lUI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. talis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neutro&lt;/strong&gt; tal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj. dem&lt;/strong&gt;. Ese, dicho o que se acaba de mencionar. Profirió insultos y amenazas, y tal comportamiento provocó su inmediata expulsión. U.&#xA;  raramente con artículo antepuesto. Hicieron el pedido de las armas y&#xA;  esperaron con paciencia las tales armas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;adj. dem&lt;/strong&gt;. De estas o esas características o clase. U. m. pospuesto. Las temibles tormentas de octubre arrasaron la isla. Nadie se esperaba&#xA;  tormentas tales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He resaltado &lt;strong&gt;adj.dem&lt;/strong&gt;: adjetivo demostrativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;strong&gt;adjetivo&lt;/strong&gt;, en español debe coincidir en género y número (singular o plural) con el nombre que acompaña. &lt;strong&gt;Tal&lt;/strong&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;neutro&lt;/strong&gt;, no tiene diferentes formas dependiendo del género. Pero sí tiene forma plural: &lt;strong&gt;tales&lt;/strong&gt;. Por tanto si usas &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; como modificador del nombre &lt;strong&gt;cosas&lt;/strong&gt; (plural), la forma correcta es &lt;strong&gt;tales&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me ha ocurrido otro ejemplo que quizás te ayude. La palabra &lt;strong&gt;esa&lt;/strong&gt; es un adjetivo demostrativo, y se puede reemplazar &quot;tal&quot; por ella en muchos contextos, teniendo en cuenta que &quot;esa&quot; no es neutra, debe coincidir en género también. &lt;strong&gt;Esa cosas&lt;/strong&gt; suena erroneo para un hispanohablante, el nombre y el adjetivo no concuerdan en número. Justo pasa lo mismo con &quot;tal&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-15T08:01:12.657" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T08:01:12.657" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27829" CreationDate="2018-11-14T13:44:45.570" Score="7" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mandé a un amigo esta frase (en el medio de una conversación más larga)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que sí, lo he probado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha respondido mi amigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando dices 'que sí', es incorrecto, además suena 'agresivo', como si estuvieras 'cansado'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo creía 'que sí' era una afirmativa, como &quot;Yes&quot; en inglés (o quizá, &quot;Indeed&quot;), es decir, que esta frase se traduce como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yes/Indeed, I've tried that&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Dónde radica el aspecto agresivo, y por qué es esta frase incorrecta? Entiendo completamente como un &lt;em&gt;énfasis&lt;/em&gt; en 'yes' en inglés puede ser percibido como 'cansado' o 'exasperado', pero esto tiene mucho que ver con &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; se dice la palabra, es decir, la entonación....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias por cualquier consejo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-14T14:39:05.340" LastActivityDate="2018-11-14T18:04:11.103" Title="¿Es &quot;Que sí/ Que no&quot; incorrecto o agresivo como respuesta a una pregunta?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;preguntas&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27827" CreationDate="2018-11-14T14:32:39.333" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yes/Indeed, I've tried that&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede expresarse como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sí, lo he probado.&#xA;Efectivamente, lo he probado.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El causante del tono agresivo es el &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;. En mi opinión se interpreta como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Ya te he dicho) que sí lo he probado.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11299" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-14T14:32:39.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27827" CreationDate="2018-11-14T14:33:14.910" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí se puede entender con esa connotación, porque tiene el sentido de &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Ya te he dicho) que sí lo he probado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;con ese &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; introduciendo una oración relativa que refiere a un &lt;strong&gt;antecedente expreso&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UkbUarn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mira los usos de &quot;que&quot;&lt;/a&gt;). Y creo que esa es la clave. En &quot;que sí/que no&quot; se entiende que el antecedente (implícito) es &quot;ya te he dicho&quot;, o si no no empezaríamos con un &quot;que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, se carga a &quot;que sí&quot; con la connotación de &quot;me estás insistiendo, aun cuando ya te he dado una respuesta - ya te he dicho 'sí'&quot;. Un &quot;que sí&quot; podría ser una respuesta válida a la segunda (como mínimo), tercera o sucesivas veces que alguien te pregunta. Pero si es la primera vez que te preguntan, y respondes con un &quot;ya te he dicho que sí&quot;, la otra parte te dirá &quot;No, no me los ha dicho. Esta es la primera vez que me respondes.&quot; y puede percibirse como que estás tenso o ansioso, y lo estás pagando con el otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-14T18:04:11.103" LastActivityDate="2018-11-14T18:04:11.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27833" CreationDate="2018-11-15T02:26:36.200" Score="5" ViewCount="364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I learned that the cliché/archetypal whistle that some cartoon characters make when they see a beautiful girl is called &lt;strong&gt;wolf whistle&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A wolf whistle is a distinctive two-note whistled sound made to show high interest in or approval of something or someone, especially a woman viewed as physically or sexually attractive.  [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Adam Edwards of Daily Express, the wolf whistle originates from the navy General Call made with a boatswain's pipe. The General Call is made on a ship to get the attention of all hands for an announcement. Sailors in harbour would whistle the General Call upon seeing an attractive woman to draw fellow sailors' attention to her. It was eventually picked up by passers-by, not knowing the real meaning of the whistle, and passed on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a better clarification about that sound, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/MBpthkOFPvA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this 4 seconds cartoon.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this kind of whistling have a name in Spanish? I doubt that is literally translated as &amp;quot;silbido del lobo&amp;quot;, but that could be the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:45:09.120" Title="What's Spanish for &quot;wolf whistle&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27825" CreationDate="2018-11-15T04:36:54.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not trying to diminish any of the efforts that have already been made in trying to answer this question.  In fact, at the very least, I was simply hoping that a native speaker of Spanish could definitively tell me that &amp;quot;tal cosas&amp;quot; is or is not a correct use of Spanish.  RubioRic, who has already done that, may, in fact, get the green check mark for his efforts, but I'll give others ample time to attempt an answer to my question before awarding the green check mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I came across something today that helped me understand this little word &amp;quot;tal&amp;quot; a little better, and if reading this page helped me, I'm guessing it can help others as well.  I'll regurgitate information from this page in a way that I found useful and then end this answer with a link to the full article so you can read it in its entirety if you think that would be more useful or you just want to sate your curiosity.  With that, I'll begin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing I want to mention is that the word &amp;quot;tal&amp;quot; is, at its core, just an adjective.  It's a special kind of adjective, but it's still an adjective, so all the rules about Spanish adjectives you may have already learned apply to the word &amp;quot;tal.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like I said, however, &amp;quot;tal&amp;quot; is a special kind of adjective.  It is what some call an &amp;quot;indefinite adjective&amp;quot; and falls into the same category as the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/zLk4Rds.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Right click and open in a new tab if you have difficulty seeing the image above.  Also, for the record, I realize that some of the words in the chart above can be more than just &amp;quot;indefinite adjectives,&amp;quot; but for the sake of simplicity and focus, this answer and the chart above do not address other parts of speech the words above can also be.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And just as certain regular adjectives don't &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;change form&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to match gender, neither do some of the indefinite adjectives.  &amp;quot;Tal&amp;quot; is one of these.  The chart above lays out which indefinite adjectives fully inflect, which ones only have partial inflection, and which ones don't inflect at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.es%2Fslide%2F10870239%2F39%2Fimages%2F6%2FLos%2Badjetivos%2Bconcuerdan%2Ben%2Bg%25C3%25A9nero%2By%2Bn%25C3%25BAmero%2Bcon%2Blos%2Bsustantivos%2Ba%2Blos%2Bque%2Bacompa%25C3%25B1an..jpg&amp;amp;imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.es%2Fslide%2F10870239%2F&amp;amp;docid=FXEFW5cMzjhIHM&amp;amp;tbnid=XHZbuzdo-6jKDM%3A&amp;amp;vet=10ahUKEwiVj4KNxtXeAhUJj1QKHWP5DLcQMwhBKAEwAQ..i&amp;amp;w=960&amp;amp;h=720&amp;amp;bih=833&amp;amp;biw=1726&amp;amp;q=%22adjetivos%20de%20una%20sola%20terminaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiVj4KNxtXeAhUJj1QKHWP5DLcQMwhBKAEwAQ&amp;amp;iact=mrc&amp;amp;uact=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this slide&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in this presentation here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://slideplayer.es/slide/10870239/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EL ADJETIVO CALIFICATIVO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may help you further.  And if you'd like the link to the page that helped me write this answer, you'll find it below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lawlessspanish.com/grammar/adjectives/indefinite-adjectives/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indefinite Adjectives&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T05:09:49.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27830" CreationDate="2018-11-15T06:50:54.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native Spanish speaker, nor an expert on &quot;wolf whistling,&quot; but this is, honestly, the first time I've seen a question in the queue here at Spanish StackExchange that 1) hadn't already been answered by a number of people with more knowledge than I and 2) seemed like something I could take a stab at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For starters, and similar to the Spanish translation you suggested (silbido del lobo), I did see this translated as &quot;lobo silbato.&quot;  So, I started to do some searching for both phrases.  One of the first things I came across was this video here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vuqem-62BeA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lobo ahuyando y silbando&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the searches of online newspapers and books I took a look at, didn't leave me with the impression that either of these phrases went much beyond the most literal meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked up &quot;wolf whistle&quot; on Tureng, and it returned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/wolf%20whistles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolf whistles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and translates it as &quot;piropos.&quot;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Collins translates it as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english-spanish/wolf-whistle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;silbido de admiración&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the phrase &quot;silbido de admiración,&quot; I do finally start to see some examples in online newspapers that at least make this look as if it is a somewhat common translation for &quot;wolf whistle.&quot;  Here's an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ayer sin ir más lejos, un camionero le había dedicado un largo &lt;code&gt;silbido de admiración&lt;/code&gt; mientras corría con el semáforo en rojo ... El silbido había ido dirigido inequívocamente a ella.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Yesterday without going any further, a truck driver had dedicated a long &lt;code&gt;wolf whistle&lt;/code&gt; to her as he ran the red light ... The whistle had been directed unequivocally at her.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=MepbAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT82&amp;amp;dq=%22silbido+de+admiraci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiFuZTM29XeAhXEIDQIHSdvAgAQ6AEIMjAB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El secreto de mi marido: Hay verdades que no deberías descubrir nunca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... oyó un tremendo &lt;code&gt;silbido de admiración&lt;/code&gt; a su espalda y se dio media vuelta para reprender al culpable. El culpable resultó ser un precioso loro ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;... she heard a tremendous &lt;code&gt;wolf whistle&lt;/code&gt; behind her and turned around to reprimand the culprit. The culprit turned out to be a beautiful parrot ...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=GI7qCwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT57&amp;amp;dq=%22silbido+de+admiraci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiFuZTM29XeAhXEIDQIHSdvAgAQ6AEIOjAC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una cuestión de confianza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those two examples come from authors who don't appear to be native Spanish speakers, however.  I did also come across this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Ojea a la mujer contento y se vuelve en un &lt;code&gt;silbido de admiración,&lt;/code&gt; prodigada al cuerpo bien empacado en un traje, ...&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=4iolzzArYpoC&amp;amp;pg=PA661&amp;amp;dq=%22silbido+de+admiraci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjb3vOF39XeAhVpHzQIHebgBkUQ6AEIZjAI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Literatura puertorriqueña del siglo XX: antología&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by Mercedes López-Baralt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite some evidence that a somewhat literal translation of &quot;wolf whistle&quot; may be used by Spanish speakers, I have a feeling that there's some colorful phrases in Spanish that may be more of what you're looking for.  What those might be, I don't know, but I'll be sure to keep my eye on this question to see how this gets answered.  Thank you for asking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should add that I have much more often heard the term &lt;strong&gt;&quot;cat call&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;wolf whistle,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; but what's the difference?  Well, it depends on who you ask or which sources you consult, but here's what OxfordDictionaries.com will tell you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/V1QC9EM.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Right click the image and open it in a new tab to see it better.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see from the image above, there's a slight difference in meaning.  In summary, I'd say &quot;catcall,&quot; which &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english-spanish/catcall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins translates as just &quot;silbido&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and which &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/catcall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tureng has several different translations of (e.g., pito, rechifla, silbo, ...)&lt;/a&gt;, is often considered pejorative whereas &quot;wolf whistle,&quot; is not, as far as I know.  Even though the very word &quot;wolf&quot; might carry with it a tone of something sinister or predatory, I've never known it to be considered as pejorative as &quot;catcall&quot; can sometimes be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wolf%20whistle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolf whistle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dog%20whistle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dog whistle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; are two completely different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-11-17T23:04:15.233" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T23:04:15.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27830" CreationDate="2018-11-15T07:20:43.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one of my favourite Bond movies, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0093428/?ref_=nv_sr_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The living daylights&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (1987), the wolf whistle plays an important role in the final confrontation of Bond against the very bad guy. Long before that, at the start of the movie &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(James_Bond)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Q&lt;/a&gt; is talking with Bond about a gadget:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: The actuating signal is personalized.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  James Bond: What's my code?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Q: Most appropriate: a wolf whistle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the European Spanish translation of the movie they used the expression &lt;strong&gt;&quot;silbido insinuante&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. To me that's a great translation, as in Spanish the verb &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=LkwZc6M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;insinuar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. coloq. Dar a entender aisladamente el deseo de relaciones amorosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's funny that in the movie the whistle is finally used for another, equally valid purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not found many examples of this same expression, but there are some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los novios se sonrieron, antes de entretenerse en un largo beso. Cara hizo una mueca al oír un silbido insinuante a sus espaldas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Original: &lt;em&gt;The couple smiled at one another and moved together for a long, lingering kiss. Cara winced as someone behind her wolf-whistled.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fiona Higgins (translation by Jofre Homedes Beutnagel), &quot;The mother's group&quot; (2012).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mina movió la cabeza indicándole que la siguiera y obediente, ambos se encaminaron a donde Anahí, quien ya se encontraba sola en el pasillo, frustrada por ser ignorada. Escuchó un silbido insinuante y notó que Mina se le acercaba con una abierta sonrisa de completa diversión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No te burles así de mí, Mina —ordenó la joven sintiéndose humillada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No es burla, es apreciar la belleza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BorealisSpiral, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wattpad.com/98947359-rescatando-a-un-coraz%C3%B3n-mf-2-la-persona-ideal/page/3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rescatando a un Corazón&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (2015). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-15T07:58:09.093" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T07:58:09.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27840" CreationDate="2018-11-15T11:39:27.490" Score="3" ViewCount="264" Body="&lt;p&gt;Antiguamente el idioma español tenía dos tipos de participios: el participio pasivo o de pasado, que corresponde a la forma actual AMADO, y el participio activo o de presente, correspondiente a la forma AMANTE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE define el participio de presente así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S0EdlKH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;participio de presente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Gram. Forma verbal procedente del participio de presente latino, con terminación en &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt;, que en español se ha integrado casi por completo en la clase de los adjetivos o en la de los sustantivos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2Dm6VRP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;amante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hoy día es un sustantivo, y la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Az1JeBU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correspondiente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que he usado arriba hoy es un adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, me intriga ese &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; que ha usado la RAE en la definición. ¿Qué quiere decir la RAE con que el participio de presente se ha integrado &lt;strong&gt;casi&lt;/strong&gt; por completo en la clase de los adjetivos o en la de los sustantivos? ¿Hay casos en los que se siga usando el participio de presente como tiempo verbal? Si es así, ¿son estos casos cotidianos o solo casos esporádicos de autores que tratan de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27804/12637&quot;&gt;imitar el habla antigua&lt;/a&gt;? ¿O se refiere a que hay participios de presente que se han integrado en otras categorías aparte de los adjetivos y los sustantivos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T14:54:13.307" Title="¿Queda actualmente algún caso en el que el participio de presente se use como verbo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27836" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27838" CreationDate="2018-11-15T15:44:04.707" Score="4" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspired by the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27834/queda-actualmente-alg%C3%BAn-caso-en-el-que-el-participio-de-presente-se-use-como-ve&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Queda actualmente alg&amp;#250;n caso en el que el participio de presente se use como verbo?&lt;/a&gt; from Charlie my question concerns situations like the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Balonmano es aburrido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was surprised when I first came across this construction since for me it is an active one, handball is doing the boring and I am the one who is bored. So why is it not &lt;em&gt;aburriente&lt;/em&gt;? The situation is further complicated by Charlie having pointed out that I would translate hurting as &lt;em&gt;hiriente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there some rule which distinguishes these two cases or is it just a matter of learning them as they occur? Note that I am not asking why English and Spanish are different. I have also looked at &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27337/using-past-participle-vs-the-present-tense&quot;&gt;Using past participle vs. the present tense&lt;/a&gt; but that is not quite the same as far as I can see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T19:16:51.507" Title="Why is the past (passive) participle used in some apparently active constructions?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-15T19:18:03.463" Score="5" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YDWmJ3u&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Soez&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido en el DLE como:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De or. inc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Bajo, grosero, indigno, vil.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De toda la vida he tenido la idea de que procedía de la unión de &lt;strong&gt;so&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;hez&lt;/strong&gt;, con pérdida de la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a lo largo del tiempo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al ver que el DLE indica un &lt;em&gt;orígen incierto&lt;/em&gt; me ha entrado curiosidad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y mientras que &lt;strong&gt;soez&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;soeces&lt;/strong&gt; aparecen en el CORDE cientos de veces, desde 1440 y 1541, respectivamente, tan solo hay un caso de &lt;strong&gt;sohez&lt;/strong&gt; y ninguno de &lt;strong&gt;so hez&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene, pues, &lt;em&gt;soez&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T13:01:16.477" Title="¿De dónde viene la palabra &quot;soez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27836" CreationDate="2018-11-15T21:33:43.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this is a case of &quot;learn them as they occur&quot;, but I'd like to expand a bit on that. Bear with me; the last examples are the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aburrido&lt;/em&gt; is not the only instance of this kind of anomalous behavior, but probably the one that most clearly demonstrates it. There are a few more, not exactly like it, where one could potentially argue that an active, instead of passive, form should have been used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;vestido&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;creído&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pagado (de sí)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mal llevado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;mal hablado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pesado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cansado&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you say you're wearing (active) some clothes, and you can also say that in Spanish; when no specific clothing is mentioned, both English and Spanish resort to passive forms: &lt;em&gt;Estoy vestido&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;I'm dressed&quot;. But in Spanish the most usual way to express &quot;I'm wearing such and such&quot; is using passive forms: &lt;em&gt;Estoy/Voy vestido con/de...&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Tengo/Llevo puesto/a/s...&lt;/em&gt;. We can say &lt;em&gt;Estoy vistiendo tal y tal cosa&lt;/em&gt;, but it's not common. The fact that one usually dresses oneself (reflexive) must influence the choice of a passive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creído&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &quot;conceited&quot;, is another example. What is believed (&lt;em&gt;creído&lt;/em&gt;) by the conceited person is that he's specially good or able; i.e. the passive meaning should point to the things believed, not to the person that does the believing. In Spanish we have &lt;em&gt;creyente&lt;/em&gt; for the meaning &quot;believer&quot; in the religious sense, which might explain why it's not available for this other meaning. In English, obviously, &quot;conceited&quot; is passive, but &quot;conceited&quot; can be quickly translated as the equivalent passive &quot;fooled (by one's own abilities or appearance)&quot;; the Spanish &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt; has a different grammar, and &lt;em&gt;creído&lt;/em&gt; in this meaning is therefore also anomalous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same logic applies to &lt;em&gt;pagado de sí&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mal llevado&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mal hablado&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Mal llevado&lt;/em&gt; is rather clearly anomalous as a passive: one says for example &lt;em&gt;Me llevo mal con mis primos&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I don't get along with my cousins&quot;, where &lt;em&gt;llevar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to conduct&quot;. The adjective phrase should be &lt;em&gt;mal *llevante&lt;/em&gt; or something like that. As with &lt;em&gt;vestido&lt;/em&gt;, perhaps the pseudo-reflexive grammar and the fact that one doesn't do it on purpose trigger the shift to passive (&quot;I conduct myself badly&quot; = &quot;I'm badly conducted&quot;). With &lt;em&gt;mal hablado&lt;/em&gt; there are no excuses; it should really be &lt;em&gt;mal hablante&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mal hablador&lt;/em&gt;, since it's a (mostly) intransitive verb and this kind of passive transformation is forbidden by its grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pesado&lt;/em&gt; works a lot like &lt;em&gt;aburrido&lt;/em&gt;. Logically the word to refer to something or someone that is a bore should be &lt;em&gt;*pesante&lt;/em&gt; or the like. In a phrase like &lt;em&gt;Tu amigo es (un) pesado&lt;/em&gt;, the friend is doing the work of being a bore; he's the metaphorical &quot;weight&quot; (active), he's not being weighed (passive, &lt;em&gt;pesado&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same as &lt;em&gt;pesado&lt;/em&gt; can be said of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7AahQRP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cansado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (entry #3 in the DLE). Indeed, &lt;em&gt;pesar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;aburrir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cansar&lt;/em&gt; are interchangeable (in syntax) and near synonymous in constructions like &lt;em&gt;Me aburre/pesa/cansa (este trabajo).&lt;/em&gt; I never use &lt;em&gt;cansado&lt;/em&gt; in this active sense (it's not in my dialect), and it sounds as odd to me as &lt;em&gt;aburrido&lt;/em&gt; must sound to an English speaker trying to match the pair &quot;bored - boring&quot; to an equivalent pair in Spanish and finding only &lt;em&gt;aburrido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, there are a nice handful of more-or-less &quot;illogical&quot; adjectives derived from passive participles which should be active. Spanish has means to create such active adjectives from verbs (for example, for something that tires you, &lt;em&gt;cansador&lt;/em&gt;) but in some cases it chooses not to. I think the meaning of the passive suffix &lt;em&gt;-ado, -ido&lt;/em&gt; has simply been forgotten in these cases; it works just as a generic derivational suffix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-11-17T19:16:51.507" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T19:16:51.507" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27837" CreationDate="2018-11-15T21:49:08.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La web &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?soez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de chile&lt;/a&gt; también admite la etimología incierta, pero añade un par de posibilidades extras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de la que incluyes en la pregunta (so- del latín &quot;bajo&quot; y hez- desecho), incluye una referencia a &quot;An Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages; Chiefly from the German&quot; de Friedrich Diez, que dice que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vendría del latín &lt;em&gt;sus&lt;/em&gt; (puerco).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(teoría a la que también hace referencia &lt;a href=&quot;https://definicion.de/soez/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta web&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera referencia sería a Corominas, que diría que el origen es la palabra tardía &lt;em&gt;sohez&lt;/em&gt;, que vendría de &lt;em&gt;rahez&lt;/em&gt; y este del árabe hispano &lt;em&gt;rahis&lt;/em&gt; (que significa &quot;barato&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para ampliar un poco sobre esta última podemos consultar el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/soez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiktionario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del castellano antiguo sohez, y este de origen incierto. Coromines sugiere que puede tratarse de una alteración de rehez, &quot;vulgar&quot;, del árabe رَخِيص (raẖyṣ), &quot;barato&quot;, reinterpretada como compuesto de re- y hez y modificada en su prefijo. Compárese el caso de zopenco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T21:49:08.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27834" CreationDate="2018-11-15T22:17:27.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en español se ha integrado casi por completo en la clase de los adjetivos o en la de los sustantivos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;casi&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, me inclino por tu última alternativa: &#xA;no es que hayan sobrevivido casos de este uso verbal (la Gramática española es bastante terminante: &quot;no existen en el español actual participios de presente&quot;), sino que &lt;strong&gt;adjetivos&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;sustantivos&lt;/strong&gt; no agotan las asimilaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay, en efecto, un par de &lt;strong&gt;preposiciones&lt;/strong&gt; («durante», «mediante») y al menos un &lt;strong&gt;adverbio&lt;/strong&gt; («bastante»).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Editado: descubro algunas cosas dignas de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.metro.pr/pr/blogs/2013/06/16/nuevas-preposiciones-espanol-durante-mediante-versus-via.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;notar&lt;/a&gt; sobre  «durante», «mediante» : sólo fueron aceptadas como preposiciones recientemente. Y es claro sólo esa función es compatible con el uso actual, en el cual no hay concordancia en número: decimos normalmente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El hecho ocurrió durante los días de huelga»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y en cambio consideramos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lateja.cr/sucesos/estos-son-los-delitos-cometidos-durantes-los-dias/QWVAS4PWVNDS3F23JCXZTGAQMA/story/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incorrecto&lt;/a&gt; escribir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«El hecho ocurrió &lt;strong&gt;durantes&lt;/strong&gt; los días de huelga»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, esta segunda construcción era la usual hace unos tres siglos, y corresponde al uso original como participio. Y de hecho, informalmente &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22durantes%20las%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aún se usa&lt;/a&gt; (aunque a mí me suena fatal). Esto abre la posibilidad a otra respuesta sobre aquel &quot;casi&quot; de la cita original.&#xA;Más información &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/gramatica-gramatica-de-la-lengua-castellana-destinada-al-uso-de-los-americanos--0/html/ff6ef310-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_51.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; (donde citan ejemplos adicionales:  &quot;(no) obstante&quot;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2018-11-16T14:54:13.307" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T14:54:13.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-16T02:35:45.983" Score="3" ViewCount="3605" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/5678/5481&quot;&gt;¿Existe una regla para el uso de mayúsculas en títulos?&lt;/a&gt; vimos que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se escriben con mayúscula la primera palabra del título de cualquier obra de creación [...]; el resto de las palabras que lo componen, salvo que se trate de nombres propios, deben escribirse con minúscula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, qué ocurre si mi título empieza por un número, como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;1er Encuentro de Ideas y Propuestas para el Cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) Entre Estudiantes Universitarios y Candidatos de Elección Popular&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe ir todo lo demás en minúscula? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T02:56:04.693" Title="¿Cómo debo usar las mayúsculas en un título si mi título empieza por un número?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;números&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27841" CreationDate="2018-11-16T02:50:38.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/cifras-que-inician-parrafos-403/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cifras que inician párrafos&lt;/a&gt; Fundéu explica que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en español se recomienda evitar que una oración comience por una cantidad escrita en números, aunque no sea una norma obligatoria. La solución no tiene por qué ser necesariamente escribir la cantidad en letras. Muchas veces basta con cambiar el orden de la frase o redactarla de otra forma&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no significa que sea incorrecto comenzar la oración con una cifra. Es una recomendación general que, como otras indicaciones de estilo, depende de diversos factores​. Si alguien opta, por las razones que sea, por cifras, es plenamente legítimo, y podría ser hasta preferible en un contexto dado. &lt;strong&gt;Cuando se opta por [empezar un párrafo con] cifras, la palabra que sigue va en minúscula&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=QHaq7I8KrD6FQAyXTS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;el uso de números&lt;/a&gt;, la RAE indica ciertas normas. A destacar para este caso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la expresión abreviada de los numerales ordinales (→ ordinales), se utilizan cifras seguidas de letras voladas. Como corresponde a las abreviaturas, se escribirá punto entre la cifra y la letra volada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a números romanos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la denominación de congresos, campeonatos, certámenes, festivales, etc.: II Congreso Internacional de la Lengua Española, XXIII Feria del Libro de Buenos Aires. Se escriben antepuestos al nombre. Si el número resulta excesivamente complejo, se prefiere, en su lugar, el uso de las abreviaturas de los numerales correspondientes: &lt;strong&gt;78.o Campeonato Mundial de Ajedrez&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y lo cierto es que &amp;quot;primer&amp;quot;, pues no es complejo (lo que no justificaría usar &amp;quot;1er&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;1.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;quot;) y es un número que puede expresarse en una sola palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo lo indicado por la RAE, sí se usarían mayúsculas en el título (recordemos que la recomendación de Fundéu es para un &lt;strong&gt;párrafo&lt;/strong&gt; y no un título), por lo que diríamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt; Encuentro de Ideas y Propuestas para el Cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) Entre Estudiantes Universitarios y Candidatos de Elección Popular&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt; encuentro de ideas y propuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque sería mucho mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primer Encuentro de Ideas y Propuestas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(hasta que ese ordinal sea un número que resulta excesivamente complejo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, el post enlazado en la pregunta, hace referencia a un título &lt;strong&gt;de obra de creación&lt;/strong&gt;. Este es el título de un certamen. Son dos cosas diferentes y por tanto en este caso se hace un uso de las mayúsculas distinto al descrito en la respuesta del post enlazado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario si lo que empezamos es un párrafo, la palabra después del número va en minúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he gastado 1000 euros &lt;em&gt;entre pitos y flautas&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;500 euros&lt;/strong&gt; en pitos y otros 500 en flautas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(esta última es un mal ejemplo, pues otra recomendación es &amp;quot;No es recomendable mezclar en un mismo enunciado números escritos con cifras y números escritos con letra&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T02:56:04.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27837" CreationDate="2018-11-16T08:35:08.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, la etimología de Corominas en esta ocasión me parece poco creíble, pero la reproduzco aquí tal y como aparece en su &lt;em&gt;Breve diccionario etimológico&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOEZ&lt;/strong&gt; 'de baja estofa', 'vil, grosero', 1437. Teniendo en cuenta qe la grafía antigua es &lt;em&gt;sohez&lt;/em&gt; y que es palabra tardía, quizá sea una modificación del antiguo sinónimo &lt;em&gt;rehez&lt;/em&gt; (variante de &lt;em&gt;rahez&lt;/em&gt;, SS. XIII-XV; procedente del ár. raḫîṣ 'barato'). Interpretado éste popularmente como un intensivo de la &lt;em&gt;hez&lt;/em&gt; 'lo más vil, la inmundicia', se formaría &lt;em&gt;sohez&lt;/em&gt; para expresar un mayor grado de abyección. Anticuado ya en el S. XVI, como propio del estilo de los libros de caballerías, &lt;em&gt;soez&lt;/em&gt; volvió a entrar en circulación gracias al &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt;, en calidad de palabra literaria, que algunos, sólo desde el siglo pasado, han empleado incorectamente con el sentido de 'sucio' u 'obsceno'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, si buscamos en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, este nos confirma que ya entonces era palabra antigua:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SOHEZ, palabra antigua, vale baxo, infame de poco valor, y la hez de la Republica, y assi se dixo de sub, y faex faecis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muy esclarecedoras las &lt;a href=&quot;http://latin-dictionary.net/search/latin/fax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepciones de &lt;em&gt;faex, faecis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el diccionario, por cierto (&lt;em&gt;dregs&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;la parte más inútil de algo&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el caso propuesto por Corominas, no estoy seguro de que &lt;em&gt;rahez&lt;/em&gt; sea un sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;sohez&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; lo define como &quot;baxo, humilde y abatido&quot;, e indica que es voz anticuada. Curioso que exista un verso que relacione ambos términos, en todo caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No digo que te rahéces,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  por tal via,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que sean en compañia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de sohéces.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se confunde a veces este uso de &lt;em&gt;rahez&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;rehez&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;raez&lt;/em&gt;, que significaba &quot;cosa fácil de hacer&quot;. Valga este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E otra vez vos digo: mas rehez cosa es el gamello pasar por el agujero de vna aguja: que el rico entrar enel rreyno delos cielos.&lt;/em&gt; (a1485)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque otras veces sí se usaba como peyorativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Atales avié d'ellos qe metién apellidos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  qe los oviera marras en Cogolla vencidos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  si de tan rehez omne fincassen escarnidos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  mucho máes lis valiera qe non fuessen nacidos.&lt;/em&gt; (c1230)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo pues existe la posibilidad de que &lt;em&gt;sohez&lt;/em&gt; sea un derivado de &lt;em&gt;rahez/rehez&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque curiosamente también existe la posibilidad de que venga de &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt; como dice Covarrubias, dado que en diccionarios antiguos también existe la voz &lt;em&gt;suez&lt;/em&gt;, más cercana a ese &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt; inicial, como en el diccionario español-inglés de Percival de 1591:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suez&lt;/strong&gt;, base, filthie, naughtie, &lt;em&gt;Sordidus, foedus, malus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que lo traduce al inglés como &quot;bajo&quot; y &quot;sucio&quot;. Y en 1499 se usaba así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reuileo. les. lui. De re. que significa otra vez. et vileo. les. tornarse a enuilecer o a ser suez.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y hacia 1470 así, de nuevo relacionado con &lt;em&gt;raez&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desecha las pompas que nascen del brio&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  procura vianda de precio raez&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cubre tu cuerpo con paño suez&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que solo defienda las carnes del frio [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí &lt;em&gt;raez&lt;/em&gt; se usa como &quot;bajo&quot; (de precio) y &lt;em&gt;suez&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;bajo&quot; (de calidad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo pues que ambas etimologías son posibles, y que incluso la expicación final pueda ser una mezcla de ambas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-16T13:01:16.477" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T13:01:16.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-16T18:59:38.753" Score="0" ViewCount="924" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used &quot;¿Qué tal mi café?&quot; &lt;strong&gt;to remind&lt;/strong&gt; a waiter about my coffee, for example. Today I used &quot;¿Qué tal N?&quot; in a similar context in a different place of the same country, but they didn't understand me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence a question: can &quot;¿Qué tal N?&quot; always be used to mean &quot;How about N?&quot; - to remind someone about something or to ask how it's going with something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-18T10:21:01.533" LastActivityDate="2018-11-18T10:21:01.533" Title="Can &quot;¿Qué tal N?&quot; always be used to mean &quot;How about N&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27844" CreationDate="2018-11-16T21:25:11.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;. It's correct to use &lt;em&gt;qué tal N&lt;/em&gt; (and one of a few verbs can possibly go in between) to ask about &lt;strong&gt;how something or someone is going&lt;/strong&gt; (going well, going bad, etc.), but you &lt;strong&gt;don't&lt;/strong&gt; use it to remind someone about something, like you did with the waiter. If you do this latter thing, you will be understood, probably, but it's not common usage and it may come off as sarcastic. Let me explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the correct usage. The phrase is constructed with &lt;em&gt;qué tal&lt;/em&gt; plus an optional verb plus whatever it is that you want to inquire about. The optional verb can be &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;andar&lt;/em&gt; and a few others. If there's a verb, it will have to be in the correct tense. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal fueron tus vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (or &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal estuvieron tus vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means &quot;How were your vacations?&quot; or &quot;How did your vacations go?&quot;, but you can also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal tus vacaciones?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it will be understood the same, since you mostly ask people about their vacations once they've returned from them, so the past tense is implied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the cases where you have a verb, you can mostly substitute &lt;em&gt;cómo&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;qué tal&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal anda tu trabajo?&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo anda tu trabajo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal está tu esposa?&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;¿Cómo está tu esposa?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the wrong usage. You don't normally remind someone of something with &lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal…?&lt;/em&gt;. If your waiter has forgotten about the coffee you asked for, and you say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Qué tal mi café?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you will probably be understood and the waiter will probably remember about the coffee, but not in a good way. The sentence sounds as if you had said: &quot;How's my coffee going along? You know, the one I asked for fifteen minutes ago. I'm asking you because I'm sure you're as concerned as I am about its absence.&quot; I think (but I'm no English native speaker) that using &quot;How about...&quot; (in English) for this situation would also come off as rude. There's no polite direct way to remind a waiter of an order s/he has apparently forgotten; if you're not sure, you could stick to the absolute minimum and just say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Perdón, ¿mi café?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;em&gt;perdón&lt;/em&gt; is intended simply to call for the waiter's attention and soften the request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T21:25:11.157" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27848" CreationDate="2018-11-17T05:20:43.810" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that when the pronoun is used in place of the direct object, we use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lo,la&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;los,las&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the pronoun is used in place of the indirect object, we use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;le&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;les&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore if I want to say &lt;strong&gt;I told them&lt;/strong&gt; I would say &lt;strong&gt;Yo los dije&lt;/strong&gt;. According to google translate, the correct translation is &lt;strong&gt;Yo les dije&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;strong&gt;told&lt;/strong&gt; is the verb and &lt;strong&gt;them&lt;/strong&gt; is the direct object, why is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-29T16:25:29.870" LastActivityDate="2019-09-29T16:25:29.870" Title="Direct or Indirect Pronoun" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27847" CreationDate="2018-11-17T06:02:50.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because &quot;them&quot; is not the direct object. In your case the direct object is omitted because presumably it has been mentioned before: whatever you told them, that's the direct object. Also notice that usually &quot;I told them&quot; is translated &quot;Les dije&quot;, the subject pronoun is implicit in the verb form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T06:02:50.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27844" CreationDate="2018-11-17T09:40:45.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Pablo. I think that &quot;Perdón, ¿mi café?&quot; is the best option. Simple and polite. &quot;¿Qué tal mi café?&quot; sounds awkward and a bit rude. I complete mentally the phrase, more or less like Pablo did: &quot;¿Qué tal mi café? ¿Está bien? Parece solo y triste ahí abandonado y frío en el mostrador. Quien fuera tan amable de traérmelo, solo llevo esperando 30 minutos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that situation I tend to use &quot;¿Cómo va mi cafelillo?&quot;, that it's a more accurate translation of &quot;How about my coffee?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T09:40:45.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27855" CreationDate="2018-11-18T12:17:12.070" Score="3" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's known that Spanish has two conjugation tables for the &lt;em&gt;Subjonctif Imparfait&lt;/em&gt; table, notably with the difference in ending (&lt;em&gt;-ara/-era&lt;/em&gt; for 1 and &lt;em&gt;-ase/-ese&lt;/em&gt; for 2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judging by word formation, I think the two tables come from Latin active indicative pluperfect (table 1) and active subjunctive pluperfect (table 2), with presumably this way that they have gone through:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Latin         &quot;Spanish Latin&quot;   Spanish&#xA;-----------   ---------------   -------&#xA;cantaverat    cantarat          cantara  (Table 1 from indicative)&#xA;cantavisset   cantasset         cantase  (Table 2 from subjunctive)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to think this is an Iberian case, but it turns out to be specific to Spanish. I checked Portuguese and Catalan, both of which dropped the indicative pluperfect table (Table 1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are my concerns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What made Spanish keep the indicative pluperfect table from Latin?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did this table shift from indicative to subjunctive? (FTR, I am aware of the general shift of tenses from pluperfect to preterit across Romance languages.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="17109" LastEditDate="2018-11-18T12:28:53.883" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T09:25:21.977" Title="How did Spanish retain both pluperfect indicative and pluperfect subjunctive of Latin?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-18T21:59:10.187" Score="3" ViewCount="1379" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPtFZ2y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marihuana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido en el DLE como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tb. mariguana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. cáñamo índico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. f. Producto elaborado a partir del cáñamo índico, que, al ser fumado, produce efectos eufóricos o narcóticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPpPqqj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mariguana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; simplemente remite a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OPtFZ2y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marihuana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sin ninguna indicación, en ninguno de los casos, de su posible etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con el NTLLE, aparece por primera vez en el DLE de 1956:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mariaguana [~huana]&lt;/strong&gt;. f. En Méjico y otros países americanos, nombre del cañamo común, cuyas hojas, fumadas como el tabaco, producn un terrible efecto narcótico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE apenas aparece una docena de veces, siendo el texto más antiguo de  Fedérico Gamboa (&lt;em&gt;Suprema Ley&lt;/em&gt;, 1896, México): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como único consuelo, la &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; que fumaban a escondidas.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia definición del DLE de 1956 y el hecho de que el primer texto en que se recoge sea de México me hace &lt;strong&gt;suponer&lt;/strong&gt; un posible orígen mejicano de la palabra, pero no encuentro nada que lo corrobore o contradiga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene la palabra &lt;strong&gt;marihuana&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T07:24:02.900" Title="¿De dónde viene la palabra &quot;marihuana&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27852" CreationDate="2018-11-19T01:38:25.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el artículo de Wikipedia en inglés sobre la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_(word)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marijuana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se discuten varias etimologías posibles, que paso a resumir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En varias fuentes se cita la primera aparición de la palabra en 1894 como &lt;em&gt;mariguan&lt;/em&gt;, de la cual &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; sería una alteración. Hubo muchas otras variantes registradas. En cada caso hay que tener en cuenta que puede tratarse de una misma palabra transcripta de diferentes maneras por oyentes extranjeros o poco familiarizados con la cultura local y usando diferentes convenciones ortográficas. En cualquier caso parece claro que la palabra &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;) es de origen mexicano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ha hablado de una conexión con un término náhuatl, &lt;em&gt;mallihuan&lt;/em&gt; &quot;prisionero&quot;, pero los expertos la descartan. &lt;em&gt;Cannabis sativa&lt;/em&gt; no existía en América antes de la llegada de los conquistadores españoles, y el término náhuatl no tiene ninguna conexión semántica clara con la planta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posible origen es la expresión del chino &lt;em&gt;ma ren hua&lt;/em&gt; &quot;flor de la semilla del cáñamo&quot;. Otra es la raíz semítica  *&lt;em&gt;m-r-j&lt;/em&gt; que significa &quot;cáñamo&quot;. En el artículo se dice que la palabra semítica fue tomada en préstamo por el chino; esto parece muy extraño. En chino cada sílaba es un morfema y difícilmente podría tomarse prestada una palabra semítica trisilábica; lo que sí podría ocurrir, supongo, es que un hablante de chino reinterpretase una palabra semítica trisilábica que significase &quot;cáñamo&quot; como tres palabras chinas que significasen algo similar (una forma de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rean%C3%A1lisis_morf%C3%A9mico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reanálisis morfémico&lt;/a&gt;). Esta misma raíz semítica es la fuente probable de la palabra castellana &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origanum_majorana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mejorana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (una especie de orégano originado en el Mediterráneo oriental).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marijuana&lt;/em&gt;, con &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;, es una de las tantas formas de la palabra &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; muda, obviamente) que quizá fue influida por la similitud con el nombre &lt;em&gt;María Juana&lt;/em&gt;. Esta influencia ocurre en el paso del español mexicano al inglés de Estados Unidos, y no antes; hay abundante registro de &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt; en México a principios del siglo XX, y sólo después de que la droga se popularizara en Estados Unidos se produce la aparición de la forma con &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T01:38:25.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27852" CreationDate="2018-11-19T07:24:02.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que, definitivamente, la palabra es originaria de México. No puedo dejar de hacer referencia a una etimología popular a la que los etimólogos más respetados no dan credibilidad, pero no deja de ser curiosa. Aparece mencionada en la web de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?marihuana&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías deChile&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En México se usa la voz &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MYZXqRp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;juan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a los soldados rasos. Y si &quot;juan&quot; eran los soldados, &quot;juanas&quot; o &quot;marijuanas&quot; eran las prostitutas cuarteleras y &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YGMFIk5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;soldaderas&lt;/a&gt; que les acompañaban. Dado que las drogas eran difundidas en entornos castrenses y cuarteleros y hacían igual compañía a los soldados, no es descabellado pensar que estos denominaran &quot;marijuana&quot; a dicha droga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay puntos a favor de esta teoría, pero habría que comprobar desde cuándo se denomina &quot;juan&quot; a un soldado en México. La palabra &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt; parece tener ya más de siglo y medio, como demuestra el texto más antiguo que he encontrado en la hemeroteca de la BNE que la usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En las tropas que formaron el cantón de Jalapa, se observó una enfermedad bien singular, y que justamente reclamó la atención de las primeras autoridades: los individuos atacados quedaban sin fuerzas, lánguidos, aturdidos, y terminaba la escena por un profundo sopor. El uso de una yerba conocida con el nombre de marihuana, que los soldados fumaban como el tabaco, era la causa de esta rara enfermedad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diario oficial del Gobierno Mexicano. 2/4/1846, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habrá que ver si el uso de &lt;em&gt;juan&lt;/em&gt; es anterior a este texto, pero de momento no he encontrado ningún texto que lo corrobore. Al menos sí que describe el efecto que producía la droga al ser usada por tropas, lo que confirma su uso en entornos militares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como apunte, la RAE recoge la voz &lt;em&gt;mariguana&lt;/em&gt; desde 1927, pero en la versión &quot;Academia manual&quot;. En 1956 se incorporó al &quot;Academia usual&quot; la voz &lt;em&gt;marihuana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T07:24:02.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27851" CreationDate="2018-11-19T08:17:07.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can read about the evolution from the pluperfect tenses from Latin to the current imperfect tenses in &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=wehNoAlokKjWQhD,&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapter 24.2&lt;/a&gt; of the *Gramática española&quot; by the RAE. I'll translate the most important parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.2a&lt;/strong&gt; [...] The &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; variant of the imperfect tense comes from the pluperfect indicative tense of the Latin language (&lt;em&gt;amavĕram&lt;/em&gt; 'había amado'), while the &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; variant comes from the pluperfect subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;amavissem&lt;/em&gt; 'hubiera amado'). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This just confirms what you said in the question, but let's move on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.2h&lt;/strong&gt; The use of CANTARA as HABÍA CANTADO is etymological [...]. This is the main interpretation in medieval texts, in which it appears both in main sentences as in relative ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in a sentence such as &quot;el rey oyó bien lo que dixera su nieto&quot;, &lt;em&gt;dixera&lt;/em&gt; must be understood as &lt;em&gt;había dicho&lt;/em&gt;. The use of CANTARA as HABÍA CANTADO is still alive in the languages from the Nothwest part of the Iberian peninsula. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the next paragraphs (24.2m and following) you can read more about the evolution of the tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.2m&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of the CANTARA form in the apodosis of conditional sentences is characteristic of the classical language, in which it must be understood as CANTARÍA: &lt;em&gt;Si en encuentro me cayera, yo le diera tal golpe con mi bordón que nunca otra vez hiziera otro tanto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;24.2n&lt;/strong&gt; From the apodosis of conditional sentences, the CANTARA form passed to the protasis, now of general use [...]. The CANTARA form thus started to be used as the imperfect of subjunctive and to compete with the CANTASE form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe this is just the result of what the RAE states in paragraph 24.2a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The imperfect (CANTARA or CANTASE) is the most complex tense of the subjunctive mood, both for the syntactic contexts in which it is used as for the variety of meanings it conveys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More on this on &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=bnNzwzPvAscysRTm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paragraphs 47.8t and 47.8u&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;47.8t&lt;/strong&gt; [...] To express the unreality of a past tense in the symmetrical scheme &lt;em&gt;Si {TUVIERA ~ TUVIESE}, {DIERA ~ DIESE}&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; forms of the protasis corresponded to &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; forms in the apodosis, with the meaning of HABRÍA CANTADO. Thus the equivalent in the current language to &lt;em&gt;Sabet bien que, si ellos le viessen, non escapara de muert&lt;/em&gt; would be &lt;em&gt;Sabed bien que si ellos lo hubiesen visto, no habría escapado de la muerte&lt;/em&gt;. Since the Middle Age the CANTARA form extended to the protasis [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;47.8u&lt;/strong&gt; The progressive extension of imperfect subjunctive from apodosis to protasis occurred from the second half of the thirteenth century. The symmetrical scheme with both forms in &lt;em&gt;-ra&lt;/em&gt; was generalized from the last quarter of the fourteenth century as a prototypical expression of past unreality: &lt;em&gt;No vos quiero negar mi fazienda, que bien vos pudiera mentir si quisiera; También me vengara yo si pudiera, fuera o no fuera armado caballero, pero no pude.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly the CANTARA form was just a complex enough tense for the people to ignore the proper way to use, but common enough to know that it must be used somewhere, making the tense do a trip among several positions in a sentence until the one it is used today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-19T09:25:21.977" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T09:25:21.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-19T12:46:30.330" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;En editorial, ¿cuáles son las palabras que deben evitarse al final de la oración? Trabajando en una editorial los correctores marcaban todas las preposiciones como erróneas al final de una oración, especialmente las de una o dos sílabas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Además de esta, existe alguna otra regla específica del idioma español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay unas reglas que creo son universales, tales como evitar el corte de palabra en una sílaba o las repetición de palabras al inicio o fin de la oración.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19361" LastEditorUserId="19361" LastEditDate="2018-11-19T14:41:37.170" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T14:41:37.170" Title="Palabras no permitidas al final de una oración" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2018-11-26T09:19:39.623" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27858" CreationDate="2018-11-19T13:40:16.530" Score="9" ViewCount="781" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, mechanical &quot;cranes&quot; are thus named for their likeness to the bird, &quot;crane&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the mechanical crane is called a &lt;em&gt;grúa&lt;/em&gt; and the bird a &lt;em&gt;grulla&lt;/em&gt;; is this similarity a coincidence, or are the words also related?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:56:44.987" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:56:44.987" Title="Are &quot;grúa&quot; and &quot;grulla&quot; etymologically related?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;construcción-y-obra&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27857" CreationDate="2018-11-19T13:40:16.530" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are indeed related: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;grúa, utilizada en castellano desde el siglo XV para designar una máquina destinada a levantar pesos, por su semejanza con la figura de una grulla, de largo pescuezo y prolongado pico.&lt;/strong&gt; Mucho más clara que en español resalta esta semejanza entre la grulla y las grúas para nuestros vecinos europeos, que en sus idiomas disponen de una única palabra para designar ambos conceptos: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kran&lt;/em&gt; en alemán, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;crane&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;grua&lt;/em&gt; en catalán, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;grue&lt;/em&gt; en francés, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;gru&lt;/em&gt; en italiano; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;todos ellos, por cierto, de origen tan netamente onomatopéyico como nuestra grulla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elcastellano.org/parent01.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parentescos sorprendentes: grúa y grulla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (elcastellano.org)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, they are even cognate to the English words via a PIE root:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a8xeC.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a8xeC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, in Latin &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;another mechanical device&lt;/a&gt; (a type of siege engine) was also named for its word for crane, &quot;grus&quot;, due to the physical likeness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-11-19T14:02:33.560" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T14:02:33.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23221" CreationDate="2018-11-19T18:54:45.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;&lt;em&gt;vaso de bon vino&lt;/em&gt;&quot; con la que Berceo termina su estrofa no refleja sino una influencia del mester de juglaría: los juglares, al final de la recitación de sus poemas épicos solían pedir una recompensa que no siempre era pecuniaria; la mayoría de las veces era para comer o beber. De este modo, Berceo se acerca más aún al pueblo al que pretende llegar con su obra al igual que los juglares. De ahí el uso del &quot;&lt;em&gt;román paladino&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Por ello es conocido dicho autor también con el sobrenombre de &quot;juglar a lo divino&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20579" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T18:54:45.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27863" CreationDate="2018-11-19T21:29:50.463" Score="6" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;My kid, like most kids, has an inclination for construction vehicles. Sometimes, he'll pick a book full of construction-vehicle vocabulary for me to read and, when that book is in English, I often find myself translating on the fly to broaden his vocabulary and keep him used to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That challenged me to learn some of the names of the construction vehicles I wasn't familiar with or never cared to know in Spanish (a backhoe loader is a &lt;em&gt;retroexcavadora&lt;/em&gt;, a dump truck is a &lt;em&gt;volquete&lt;/em&gt;, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what Spanish for a Skid-steer loader is. A &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skid-steer_loader&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;skid-steer loader&lt;/a&gt; (skid-steer loader, or skidsteer) is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a small, rigid-frame, engine-powered machine with lift arms used to attach a wide variety of labor-saving tools or attachments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is like a loader (&lt;em&gt;pala cargadora&lt;/em&gt;), but much smaller and with a different loader mechanism (a skid loader mechanism instead of a &quot;tractor-like&quot; loader mechanism).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody tell me what we call a &lt;strong&gt;skid-steer loader&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YsU3z.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YsU3z.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IIq1S.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IIq1S.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-07-27T18:56:29.527" LastActivityDate="2021-02-23T22:02:43.797" Title="What's Spanish for &quot;Skid-steer loader&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;construcción-y-obra&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27867" CreationDate="2018-11-19T22:08:32.903" Score="7" ViewCount="1690" Body="&lt;p&gt;Speaking with a friend in Navarre, Spain, I used the phrase &quot;me matas&quot; and received an unexpected response. The intended meaning was a light or joking frustration, which was supported by a bit of research beforehand. His interpretation seemed to be sexual, or maybe that it carried a stronger meaning than I intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is/are the colloquial meaning(s) of &quot;me matas&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: We were bantering, nothing of consequence but definitely flirtatious. His response was uncharacteristically strong, exclamation points and ‘y tu a mi’. That last bit is what threw me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19823" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-11-20T13:27:53.223" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T10:19:31.253" Title="Slang/idiomatic meaning for 'me matas'?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27860" CreationDate="2018-11-20T11:45:03.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems they are called &lt;em&gt;cargadoras &lt;strong&gt;compactas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HlVz2.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HlVz2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cat.com/es_ES/products/new/equipment/skid-steer-loaders.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cat.com/es_ES/products/new/equipment/skid-steer-loaders.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YXIOy.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YXIOy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bobcat.com/eu/es/cargadoras/cargadoras-compactas/caracteristicas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.bobcat.com/eu/es/cargadoras/cargadoras-compactas/caracteristicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T11:45:03.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27861" CreationDate="2018-11-20T13:39:20.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already many comments have pointed out the expression &quot;Me matas&quot; in most contexts has the same meaning of the English equivalent &quot;You're killing me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, and again depending on context, it could have a romantic connotation. It is common to say &quot;Me muero por esa mujer&quot; (I'd die for her) or in another form &quot;Esa mujer me mata&quot; meaning that I'm insanely in love (or infatuated) with that woman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the romantic mood is already set and you tell someone &quot;Me matas&quot; it could be easily interpreted as &quot;I like you a lot&quot;, obviously depending on the tone, which would trigger an answer like &quot;y tu a mi&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T13:39:20.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27860" CreationDate="2018-11-20T13:51:42.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se les conoce sencillamente por el nombre de una de las marcas &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bobcat&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T13:51:42.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27861" CreationDate="2018-11-20T13:58:13.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me matas&lt;/em&gt; is a hyperbolic expression; it means &quot;you're making a big impression on me&quot; or &quot;you're causing an important effect on me&quot; or &quot;you're affecting me in a big way&quot;. Therefore it can potentially have a sexual or romantic meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may of course mean &quot;You make me crazy&quot; (either &quot;with lust&quot; or &quot;with love&quot; or both) but also &quot;You make me feel frustrated&quot; (maybe, if you were teasing) or something else that may sound negative but only shows uncertainty regarding your possible reply. And so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a tradition in song, especially, as you surely know, of men showing love for women by saying how much they make them suffer. This goes far beyond modern romantic songs, and it's found also in literature and poetry; there are instances of it even in the &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt; (1605-1615) and many other works of the time; in a letter the hero, don Quijote, calls his half-imagined lover Dulcinea del Toboso &lt;em&gt;¡oh bella ingrata, amada enemiga mía!&lt;/em&gt;, that is, &quot;O beautiful ingrate, beloved enemy mine!&quot; (this is without Dulcinea actually having done anything at all to don Quijote).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T13:58:13.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27868" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-20T18:17:29.847" Score="4" ViewCount="951" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo al RAE  una de las acepciones coloquiales de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=V4yGPQZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rajar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Hablar mucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre algunas de las otras acepciones se incluyen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. coloq. Decir o contar muchas mentiras,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Bol., Col., Ec., Méx., Perú y Ven. Hablar mal de alguien, desacreditarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que tienen también cierta relación con &amp;quot;hablar&amp;quot;. Los significados no coloquiales de este verbo son &amp;quot;Dividir en rajas; Hender, partir, abrir&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ha llegado &amp;quot;rajar&amp;quot; a adquirir el significado coloquial de &amp;quot;hablar mucho&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T15:09:55.847" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;rajar&quot; el significado de &quot;hablar mucho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27816" CreationDate="2018-11-20T19:19:48.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;strong&gt;USTED&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;TU&lt;/strong&gt; depende de cada país e incluso dentro de cada país depende de la región. Por ejemplo en Colombia: en Bogotá y zona de influencia es común dirigirse de &lt;strong&gt;TU&lt;/strong&gt; de hombre a mujer y viceversa, de padres a hijos(as), de hijos a padres y de &lt;strong&gt;USTED&lt;/strong&gt; de hombre a hombre, a los abuelos(as); en cambio en el departamento de Antioquia, Caldas, Quindío usan USTED para dirigirse a cualquiera incluso entre novios y esposos. En los departamento de la Costa Caribe es habitual usar &lt;strong&gt;TU&lt;/strong&gt; para dirigirse a cualquier persona así no exista una relación de confianza o cercanía (que por cierto es muy molesto para la gente del interior de Colombia, pues se toma como abuso de confianza).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T19:19:48.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27871" CreationDate="2018-11-20T21:32:42.853" Score="4" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a question I'm asking just to answer it myself, but of course other answers are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answering &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27836/why-is-the-past-passive-participle-used-in-some-apparently-active-construction&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; about the curious property of &lt;em&gt;aburrido&lt;/em&gt; as an active adjective (instead of the passive meaning one would expect from a passive participle), I gave some examples of morphologically passive adjectives behaving not quite the part. A comment made me realize that Spanish students are being taught the simple rule of thumb «&lt;em&gt;estar aburrido&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be bored&quot; and &lt;em&gt;ser aburrido&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to be boring&quot;». Searching further it appears that &lt;em&gt;aburrido&lt;/em&gt; is not that rare: &lt;em&gt;callado, cansado, considerado, divertido&lt;/em&gt; and others (like &lt;em&gt;molesto&lt;/em&gt;, which is not a participle but is close to one) share this behavior. Yet it is possible to say (against the rule):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El partido está aburrido.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The match is boring.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La fiesta está divertida.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The party is fun/entertaining.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este trabajo está muy cansado.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;This work is very tiring.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El calor está realmente molesto.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The heat is really bothersome.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; + passive participle yields a clearly active meaning. So how do we know which meaning to ascribe to an adjective like &lt;em&gt;aburrido, divertido, cansado, molesto&lt;/em&gt;, when coupled with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;? And why does this happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T04:15:44.770" Title="How can *estar aburrido* and *ser aburrido* both mean &quot;to be boring&quot;?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27870" CreationDate="2018-11-20T21:32:42.853" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's at least &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/14/paper2656.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;one study&lt;/a&gt;¹ about the use of the copulas &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; (in Puerto Rican Spanish) that, among other things, finds that more than a few adjectives that are normally predicated with &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; can also occur with &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and that this is associated with the speaker having a personal, immediate experience with the referent. That is, if you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este partido es aburrido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Este partido está aburrido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then (1) is the most common; it's a general statement about the subject and it takes &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; as usual, while (2) connotes some personal immediate involvement: &quot;the match is boring me now&quot;; &quot;the match right now is being boring for me&quot;. This is even more clear in pairs like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El calor es realmente molesto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El calor está realmente molesto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) means the heat is bothersome, which is perfectly general (even though it's subjective, of course); (2) on the other hand is clearly based on personal current experience: it means the heat, now, is bothering the speaker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does this happen? After categorizing many utterances from speakers combining &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; with different adjectives in different contexts, the researchers theorize that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is the strongly preferred copula in a probabilistic sense for cases of immediacy and individual, this meaning becomes attached to the construction. The generalized implication of immediacy, often accompanied by individual, in other words, is correlated with this construction and stems from multiple instances of use with this meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What they refer to as &quot;immediacy&quot; and &quot;individual&quot; are features of the discourse: immediate (rather than ongoing or indirect) experience with the referent, and individual (rather than class) frame of reference. That is, since &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; is cannonically used for these cases, it gets sometimes carried over to these other ones, where for the most part cannonical usage mandates &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this comes from the study of Puerto Rican Spanish I began with, but it appears to match my own experience with these constructions, which are common in Rioplatense and, I'm sure, in other dialects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ Esther L. Brown and Mayra Cortés-Torres, &lt;em&gt;Syntactic and Pragmatic Usage of the [&lt;/em&gt; estar &lt;em&gt;+ Adjective] Construction in Puerto Rican Spanish: ¡Está brutal!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T21:32:42.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27868" CreationDate="2018-11-20T22:17:17.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aquí en Sevilla se usa &quot;rajar&quot; para decir que una persona habla mucho, sobre todo con ánimo de criticar, como afirma la acepción 7 en el diccionario. Puede que estemos ante una palabra que se exportara desde España hasta América en el siglo XVI dado que ya aparece en el diccionario de Covarrubias de 1611, por lo que debía de usarse desde bastante antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Covarrubias explica que &quot;raja&quot; era como se denominaba a la astilla de madera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RAJA. La astilla que se parte con el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DUifeAM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;destral&lt;/a&gt; del madero, para que con más facilidad arda en el fuego, como las rajas de la leña [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir de este significado deduce Covarrubias el que nos ocupa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por alusión llamamos rajar, cuando alguno dice muchas mentiras en razón de su valentía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que &quot;rajar&quot; se decía de aquel que se jactaba de valiente pero no hacía más que contar trolas. No me queda clara cuál es la &quot;alusión&quot; que menciona Covarrubias, en todo caso. El significado original se ve en textos del siglo XV en los que se habla de &quot;escudos rajados&quot; (astillados), o de &quot;herir la puerta y rajarla&quot; y cosas así. Entiendo entonces que golpear escudos con fuerza y rajarlos era actividad común en combate, y que fuese algo que los jactanciosos mencionasen durante sus bravatas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso se atestigua en el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Soltadle -les gritó- de tal baraja&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  presto, si no queréis que os dé la muerte.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;¿Quién es este tan fiero que así raja?&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -dijo uno por mostrarse de más fuerte-.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jerónimo de Urrea, &quot;Traducción de 'Orlando furioso' de Ludovico Ariosto&quot;, 1549 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro ejemplo anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jacinto: Dexa rajar al fragoso,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que ya trahe la lengua suelta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;La Comedia Ypólita&quot;, 1521 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Corominas determina el origen de &lt;em&gt;rajar&lt;/em&gt; en el siglo XV, no muy anterior a estos ejemplos, y dice que &quot;es muy posible que &lt;em&gt;rajar&lt;/em&gt; resulte de un cruce de &lt;em&gt;rachar&lt;/em&gt; con su sinónimo &lt;em&gt;ajar&lt;/em&gt;, que también significó &lt;em&gt;rajar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Cierto es que en el siglo XV encontramos textos que hablan de &quot;el escudo fecho rachas&quot;. E incluso hay textos del siguiente porte:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] mas yo vos digo que todo aquel que se ensaña con su proximo, sera digno de juyzio. E el que dixiere a su proximo racha: sera digno de consejo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gonzalo García de Santa María, &quot;Evangelios e epístolas con sus exposiciones en romance&quot;, a1485 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El propio texto aclara más adelante que en este caso &lt;em&gt;racha&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;menosprecio&quot;, sin embargo nos encontramos que la antecesora de &lt;em&gt;raja&lt;/em&gt; ya tenía su versión figurada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-21T15:09:55.847" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T15:09:55.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18812" CreationDate="2018-11-21T07:58:57.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe una palabra muy vulgar, usada en ámbitos foreros, que encaja dentro de este patrón: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;melafo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin entrar en debates acerca de la idoneidad de su uso para referirse a una mujer, &quot;melafo&quot; es una contracción de &quot;me la follo&quot;. Esto hace que haya surgido su equivalente masculino como &quot;melofo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, he comprobado que existen dos plurales de la palabra: &lt;em&gt;melafos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;melasfo&lt;/em&gt; (y sus variantes masculinas &lt;em&gt;melofos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;melosfo&lt;/em&gt;), el primero es ortográficamente coherente y el segundo es gramaticalmente coherente. Sin embargo, el plural &lt;em&gt;melasfo&lt;/em&gt; no parece ser usado como plural del sustantivo &lt;em&gt;melafo&lt;/em&gt; sino como tiempo verbal del hipotético verbo &lt;em&gt;melasfar&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;Melasfo a todas&lt;/em&gt;. Igualmente, el plural &lt;em&gt;melafos&lt;/em&gt; no parece ser usado para referirse a varias mujeres con la expresada cualidad, sino para referirse al propio hecho de referirse así a una mujer, como en la expresión &lt;em&gt;Gracias por vuestros melafos&lt;/em&gt; (seguramente usada en tono sarcástico).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No incluyo enlaces, dejo las búsquedas en Google a vuestro criterio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T07:58:57.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27861" CreationDate="2018-11-21T08:25:31.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've already accepted an answer but I don't completely agree with the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I've already commented, &lt;strong&gt;me matas&lt;/strong&gt; is mainly the equivalent of the English idiom &lt;strong&gt;you're killing me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/random-idiom.php?c=1015&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MyEnglishPages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;strong&gt;you're killing me&lt;/strong&gt; is an exaggerated way of saying that&#xA;  something or someone is very funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This idiomatic expression means that the person you are talking to is&#xA;  so funny that one could die from laughing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's also possible to use expressions like &quot;it's killing me&quot; or&#xA;  &quot;you're killing me&quot; to mean that you are anxious about something or&#xA;  when something is driving you crazy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two different meanings are described above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) A person is very funny&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;(2) A person is very annoying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of them are present in the Spanish equivalent. Notice that there is no sexual reference in the description of the idiom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that my fellow Spanish speakers are talking about this other Spanish idiom that is registered in the D.R.A.E, our most relevant language authority&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q0NUNXM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar muerto, ta por alguien o algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [Be dying for someone or something]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Amarlo o desearlo con vehemencia.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  English translation: &lt;em&gt;To love or desire someone with vehemence&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the expression in English &quot;be dying for someone&quot; exists and it got the same meaning described above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Longman Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/be-dying-for-something-to-do-something&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;be dying for something/to do something&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;spoken to want something very much&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing: Both in Spanish and English, &quot;me matas/you're killing me&quot; and &quot;me muero por ti/I'm dying for you&quot; are &lt;strong&gt;different expressions&lt;/strong&gt; with slightly different meanings. If you employ &quot;you're killing me&quot; to express that you desire someone maybe you can employ &quot;me matas&quot; in Spanish as well but that's not slang nor the main meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="1237" LastEditDate="2018-11-23T10:19:31.253" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T10:19:31.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27875" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27876" CreationDate="2018-11-21T09:49:42.237" Score="7" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Latin, and as a native Spanish speaker, the overlap in vocabulary between the two languages is of great help. However, I've come across some interesting &quot;exceptions&quot;. An example is &lt;em&gt;nimis&lt;/em&gt;. For instance, 1 Samuel 4:10 in the Vulgate states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... et facta est plaga magna &lt;strong&gt;nimis&lt;/strong&gt; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is translated as &quot;and there was an &lt;strong&gt;exceeding&lt;/strong&gt; great slaughter&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In effect, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nimis#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;only meaning&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;nimis&lt;/em&gt; in Latin is &quot;too, too much, excessively&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in school I learned &quot;nimio&quot; (which derives from Latin &lt;em&gt;nimis&lt;/em&gt;; see wiktionary) to mean insignificant, which is the opposite definition! I've just seen that, actually, &quot;nimio&quot; also means &quot;exceedingly&quot;, as in Latin. In fact, I can see &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23263/existen-otras-palabras-bidireccionales-como-el-adjetivo-indiferente&quot;&gt;in this site&lt;/a&gt; that there are plenty of such words having two, contrary meanings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm intrigued by the origin of the &quot;insignificant&quot; meaning of &quot;nimio&quot;. Presumably, &quot;nimio&quot; came into Spanish meaning &quot;exceedingly&quot; and at some point it also came to mean its contrary. How did this happen? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T11:16:18.037" Title="How did &quot;nimio&quot; get its most common meaning?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27875" CreationDate="2018-11-21T11:08:24.327" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Diccionario de Autoridades (1734) the term &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&amp;amp;DocId=34433&amp;amp;Index=C%3A%5Cinetpub%5Cwwwroot%5CDA_INDEX&amp;amp;HitCount=1&amp;amp;hits=1%20&amp;amp;SearchForm=%2FDA_form%2Ehtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;nimio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is defined as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NIMIO, MIA.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Demasiado, excessivo, prolixo. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Nimius, a, um.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even today the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QVRWQHr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; (DLE) shows the two opposing meanings, plus one more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Dicho generalmente de algo no material: Insignificante, sin importancia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Dicho generalmente de algo no material: Excesivo, exagerado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; adj. Prolijo, minucioso, escrupuloso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A note reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;nimius&lt;/em&gt; 'excesivo', 'abundante', sentido que se mantiene en español; pero fue también mal interpretada la palabra, y recibió acepciones de significado contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The note just states that &lt;em&gt;nimio&lt;/em&gt; means two opposing things because &quot;the word was wrongly interpreted&quot;. What I take away from this is that &lt;em&gt;nimio&lt;/em&gt; is probably used in contexts where both meanings would make sense to a hearer, so it got often wrongly assigned the &quot;wrong&quot; one. This sometimes happens when most people are not familiar with a word. &lt;em&gt;Nimio&lt;/em&gt; is not an arcane term by any means, but it's not common either; uneducated speakers wouldn't know what to make of it, and would have the temptation to ascribe a suitable meaning. If something can be &quot;abundant, excessive&quot; it can also conceivably be &quot;ridiculously small, insignificant&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few examples of this kind of guessing-by-context that I could mention; for example, many people think &lt;em&gt;sendos&lt;/em&gt; means the same as &lt;em&gt;grandes&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;fuertes&lt;/em&gt;). People have been warned about this common mistake by grammar textbooks for a while now (Andrés Bello does it &lt;a href=&quot;http://bibliotecadigital.ilce.edu.mx/sites/fondo2000/vol1/algunas-minucias/html/sendos.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in his 1847 grammar&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It probably doesn't help at all that &lt;em&gt;nimio&lt;/em&gt; has two &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;'s (a sound associated with smallness and diminutives) and is also phonetically similar to words like &lt;em&gt;mínimo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ínfimo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Nimio&lt;/em&gt; suggests smallness, not excess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For another example of opposite meanings, consider &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NSp82c8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lívido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which means &quot;of a color tending to violet or purple&quot; (especially of someone's face), but is nowadays most commonly used to mean &quot;pale&quot; (as in &quot;terrified&quot; or as in &quot;furious&quot;), and whose Latin origin &lt;em&gt;lividus&lt;/em&gt; apparently meant &quot;bluish&quot; or &quot;leaden&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider also how &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UL20Awc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;prolijo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (a synonym of &lt;em&gt;nimio&lt;/em&gt; in the old DA, written &lt;em&gt;prolixo&lt;/em&gt;) also has dissimilar meanings in different times and even today. It means both &quot;long, protracted, excessive, too detailed&quot; and &quot;careful, precise, well-ordered, well cared-for&quot;. You can see how one meaning could drift into the other. (The original Latin, &lt;em&gt;prōlixus&lt;/em&gt;, appears to have meant &quot;courteous&quot; or &quot;favorable&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-11-21T11:16:18.037" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T11:16:18.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22864" CreationDate="2018-11-21T11:18:21.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues yo recuerdo una novela que leí hace muchos años (imposible recordar título ni autor) en la que se narraba la vida de un &quot;quinqui&quot; madrileño en segunda persona (un narrador omnisciente contaba la historia con &quot;tú pensabas&quot;; &quot;cuando fuiste al bar&quot;; &quot;el comisario te dijo&quot;...) y la expresión &quot;de buten&quot; se relacionaba con un gitanismo según el cual &quot;bute&quot; o &quot;buten&quot; en caló se refiere a una tela de excelente calidad. Puede venir del germanismo guten y los viajes de los nómadas gitanos o no, sería perfectamente compatible... Así, algo de buten es algo muy bueno, excepcional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El cheli madrileño era mezcla de casticismo y marginalidad y tomaba muchas expresiones del caló así que fácilmente &quot;de buten&quot; pudo degenerar en dabuten o debuti...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20601" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-21T13:45:48.257" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T13:45:48.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-21T17:18:16.283" Score="6" ViewCount="883" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español hay una expresión &amp;quot;hacer pinitos&amp;quot; que significa &amp;quot;dar los primeros pasos en algo&amp;quot;. Para mi sorpresa, el DRAE recoge &amp;quot;pinito&amp;quot; (que yo pensaba que no lo haría al ser un diminutivo y no una palabra propia) como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=T3oAKZN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pinito&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(del diminutivo de pino)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Cada uno de los primeros pasos que da el niño o el convaleciente. U. m. en pl. Está haciendo pinitos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. pl. Primeros pasos que se dan en algún arte o ciencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la segunda acepción hace clara referencia a la primera (primeros pasos o intentos de alguien que está empezando, a andar o a adquirir otra habilidad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice esa entrada que &amp;quot;pinito&amp;quot; viene del diminutivo de pino, pero viendo las &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=T3vyIIP%7CT3wHEqJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entradas para &amp;quot;pino&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, solo hay una (de cuatro) no relacionada con el árbol o su madera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Ejercicio gimnástico que consiste en poner el cuerpo verticalmente con los pies hacia arriba, apoyando las manos en el suelo. Hacer el pino.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no es que &lt;em&gt;hacer el pino&lt;/em&gt; sea una proeza o habilidad baladí en comparación con dar tus primeros pasos cuando eres un bebé, pero no creo que haya demasiada relación entre &amp;quot;dar los primeros pasos&amp;quot; que suelen ser con los pies, y un ejercicio gimnástico donde los pies se ponen precisamente en lo alto (las manos en el suelo, y aunque puedes echar a andar sobre las manos, no es realmente eso lo que busca el ejercicio), y menos con el árbol o su madera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que &amp;quot;pinito&amp;quot; viene del diminutivo de &amp;quot;pino&amp;quot; pero, ¿Cómo exactamente? ¿Cuál es la evolución de la etimológica de &amp;quot;pinito&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T12:00:54.893" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;pinito&quot; su significado actual?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19390" CreationDate="2018-11-22T03:24:41.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me bastó leer un par de noticias en inglés con el verbo «gaslight» (como «I was being gaslighted») para animarme a proponer soluciones aquí. La idea, bien explicada al principio, consiste en intimidar al interlocutor con tergiversaciones para hacerle entrar en duda; es un tipo de abuso emocional, también llamado abuso ambiental (si me permiten el arrojo), con fuente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Gaslighting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Gaslighting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la sintaxis del texto con el cual se lidia, uno puede recurrir a diferentes soluciones, pues hay angloparlantes que modifican el significado de «gaslight» con fines personales, ya sea para exagerar o hiperbolizar una cuestión. Si bien me parecen simpatiquísimas las expresiones regionales, el problema que tenemos en el español estadounidense es adoptar una expresión que cumpla dos requisitos: es inteligible para el hablante casual y no es espánglish (que ése si lo odio con toda el alma).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, veamos este texto de Psychology Today: «The first stage is disbelief: when the first sign of gaslighting occurs. You think of the gaslighting interaction as a strange behavior or an anomalous moment. During this first stage, things happen between you and your partner, or your boss, friend, family member, that seem odd to you.» (fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/power-in-relationships/200905/are-you-being-gaslighted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/power-in-relationships/200905/are-you-being-gaslighted&lt;/a&gt;). Ahí me parece claro que se habla de manipular a una persona por los métodos más expedientes para el manipulador. A secas, la pareja que te hace entrar en dudas te está manipulando. No es necesario dar con rodeos para incluir largas expresiones. Espero que esto les ayude. Gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: soy traductor profesional y me encanta investigar estos vericuetos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20606" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T03:24:41.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27878" CreationDate="2018-11-22T07:30:07.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, el árbol del pino ha sido desde antiguo sinónimo de verticalidad. Del sustantivo &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;/em&gt; proviene el adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=T3wHEqJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pino&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Muy pendiente o muy derecho. &lt;em&gt;La cuesta del monte es muy pina.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;pinito&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ primer paso del niño o del convaleciente). U. m. en pl. &lt;em&gt;Está haciendo pinos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, su significado es &quot;muy pendiente o muy derecho&quot;. Y de hecho, de este adjetivo proviene &lt;em&gt;empinar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=EqfCV2d&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;empinar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;en-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pino&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 'derecho'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Enderezar y levantar en alto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Inclinar mucho el vaso, el jarro, la bota, etc., para beber, levantando en alto la vasija.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. Beber mucho, especialmente vino. U. m. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de una persona: Ponerse sobre las puntas de los pies y erguirse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de un cuadrúpedo: Ponerse sobre las patas traseras levantando las manos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Dicho de una planta, de una torre, de una montaña, etc.: Alcanzar gran altura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo ya se usaba en el siglo XV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dulçe tierra que tanto amo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  do nasçe la sal rapina,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ¿quién me partió tan aína&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de ti e tu señorío&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e me troxo al grant río&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  do el sol nasçe e se empina?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Imperial, &quot;Poesías [Cancionero de Baena]&quot;, a1409 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con toda esta información, resulta natural que cuando un niño abandona la posición de gateo y empieza a erguirse, es decir, a empinarse y a ponerse derecho y vertical, se le diga que está &quot;empinándose&quot;, &quot;haciéndose un pino&quot; o, coloquialmente, haciendo pinos. Esta expresión es un poco más tardía pero se encuentra ya en textos del siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De aquí le viene que tenga menos noticia de lo que entiende que los ángeles, y que no pueda calar ni penetrar los objetos que se le presentan a los sentidos, sino que ha de ir poco a poco y como haciendo pinitos, como niño que se comienza a soltar; así ha de hacerlos el alma con el entendimiento.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fray Pedro Malón de Chaide, &quot;La conversión de la Magdalena&quot;, 1588 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho la primera referencia que he encontrado en un diccionario acerca de la expresión es en el tratado &lt;em&gt;Origen y etimología de todos los vocablos originales de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt; del doctor Francisco del Rosal, de 1611 (Covarrubias me ha fallado en esta ocasión):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pino&lt;/strong&gt;, arbol, asi se lama el Latino, como &lt;em&gt;Pítyno&lt;/em&gt;, del Griego que le llama &lt;em&gt;Pitys&lt;/em&gt;. Pero &lt;em&gt;Pino&lt;/em&gt;, ò &lt;em&gt;Pinico&lt;/em&gt;, que hacen los niños. B. Empinar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T07:30:07.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27860" CreationDate="2018-11-22T10:27:45.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Uruguay we name that kind of machines &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pala mecánica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;Pala&quot; (without &quot;mecánica&quot;) is just a normal shovel and &quot;mecánica&quot; means mechanical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I'm not a professional in the branch, that meaning if I see this machine on the streets I will name it &quot;Pala mecánica&quot; but maybe the worker working on it may name it with a more precise or descriptive name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12545" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T10:27:45.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27883" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-22T12:30:39.237" Score="1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos hemos experimentado esa sensación alguna vez, como cuando estas durante un tiempo en un ambiente ruidoso (una discoteca o concierto, por ejemplo) y luego vuelves a casa y tus oídos te zumban en señal de protesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término en español para referirse a dicha sensación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T12:30:39.237" Title="¿Existe una palabra para los pitidos o zumbidos en los oídos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27883" CreationDate="2018-11-22T12:30:39.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, el diccionario recoge la voz latina &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZnSFPo3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tinnitus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, la cual redirige a su vez a esta otra voz:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0ep8GUP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acúfeno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;acufene&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ἀκούειν akoúein&lt;/em&gt; 'oír' y &lt;em&gt;φαίνειν phaínein&lt;/em&gt; 'aparecer'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Med. Sensación auditiva que consiste en percibir sonidos que no proceden de fuentes externas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T12:30:39.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27886" CreationDate="2018-11-22T12:42:08.807" Score="2" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece, por experiencia, que se tiene la misma conjugación para los pronombres &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; para &lt;strong&gt;todos&lt;/strong&gt; los verbos en cada tiempo, incluso para los irregulares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es verdad o solamente es coincidencia en casi todos los casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20075" LastEditorUserId="20075" LastEditDate="2018-11-22T15:40:13.583" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T15:45:14.933" Title="¿Tienen él/ella la misma conjugación en todos los casos?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27885" CreationDate="2018-11-22T13:52:24.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coinciden en todos los casos &lt;em&gt;excepto en&lt;/em&gt; la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voz_pasiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voz pasiva&lt;/a&gt;, en la que el participio actúa como un adjetivo (declinando por género y número):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La ciudad fue destruid&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; / La ciudad ha sido destruid&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los pueblos fueron destruid&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt; / Los pueblos han sido destruid&lt;strong&gt;os&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-22T15:45:14.933" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T15:45:14.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19390" CreationDate="2018-11-22T21:17:02.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te sirve de algo, soy de Argentina y últimamente los medios de comunicación hablan mucho del tema, y siempre usan la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;gaslighting&lt;/em&gt; directamente. Lo mismo se hace con otras similares, como por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;bullying&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;grooming&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;En Argentina hay una frase que es &quot;hacer(le, me) la psicológica&quot; que significa algo así como tratar de manipular, confundir, hacer angustiar o enojar a alguien, pero nunca vi que se usara para el gaslighting. Para referirse específicamente a este problema solo he visto usar la palabra inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20610" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-23T07:26:08.983" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T07:26:08.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27870" CreationDate="2018-11-22T21:28:38.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker, I always understand &quot;ser aburrido&quot; as that something or someone is boring, as in &quot;Baseball is boring&quot; (I generally find baseball boring), or &quot;John is boring&quot; (he is a boring person). But &quot;estar aburrido&quot; is always used as &quot;to be bored&quot;, as in &quot;Estoy aburrido&quot;: &quot;i'm bored&quot;.&#xA;Except for the regional/cultural idioms in which sometimes &quot;estar&quot; replaces &quot;ser&quot; as in &quot;esta fiesta está aburrida&quot;, obviously means &quot;esta fiesta es aburrida&quot; (this party is boring) and the second form is the correct, educated form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20610" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:28:38.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18462" CreationDate="2018-11-22T21:38:46.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aside from the already mentioned distinction (not 100% taxative!) between flying and not flying birds, I'd add that &quot;ave&quot; is a more formal, more scientific and more poetic term, while &quot;pájaro&quot; is more colloquial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20610" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:38:46.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27830" CreationDate="2018-11-22T21:45:09.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's remarkable how I know exactly what melody of whistling you are referring to being from the other side of the planet. I guess we all learned that from american cartoons.&#xA;The thing is, I don't think there's a spanish name for that specific whistling. &quot;silbido de admiración&quot; is still too generic, it's not specific of THAT whistling done to women, and i'd say, a forced translation in lack of an exact term. &quot;Piropo&quot; on the other hand, refers to phrases said to women in similar circumstances but not to the whistling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20610" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T21:45:09.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2018-11-22T21:54:30.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina y Uruguay, en casi cualquier situación, incluso con desconocidos, se usa el &quot;vos&quot;. El &quot;usted&quot; es sólo para casos formales, como ser al referirse a un superior en el trabajo o a un profesor, aunque aún en esos ambientes en muchos casos también se usa &quot;vos&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros países latinoamericanos, diría que el &quot;usted&quot; formal es un poco más utilizado, por ejemplo, con un desconocido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos otros lugares, &quot;usted&quot; a veces se utiliza con una connotación cariñosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20610" LastEditorUserId="20610" LastEditDate="2018-11-23T19:11:03.183" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T19:11:03.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="310" CreationDate="2018-11-24T19:09:43.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience it's someone that is proud about someone ELSE'S accomplishments.  Tarzan's mom is proud of Tarzan, but feels like they should get some credit for his success&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20618" LastActivityDate="2018-11-24T19:09:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19027" CreationDate="2018-11-24T22:13:51.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you go so much in details, dictionaries from one language to another could be worthless, try finding a definition in that language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bistec:&#xA;Un filete, bistec, bisté o bife es cualquier corte de carne roja que haya sido cortada en forma de filete para el consumo humano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and Res means beef here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you may want to know additional information, what part of the cow it is from, what quality of that part, how it’s been prepared and cooked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20621" LastActivityDate="2018-11-24T22:13:51.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-24T22:20:00.827" Score="3" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &quot;Miguel Strogoff&quot;, de Julio Verne, aprendí el concepto de &quot;posta&quot; y &quot;casa de postas&quot;, el lugar donde un correo podía dejar a su caballo fatigado por el viaje y montar en otro descansado y así poder continuar el viaje con la máxima premura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El concepto es básicamente el mismo que el de entrar hoy día con un coche en una estación de servicio y &lt;em&gt;repostar&lt;/em&gt;, pudiendo así continuar el viaje unos cuantos kilómetros más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, me parecía muy lógico que la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W3qQioL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;repostar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviniera del concepto de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TojRrA5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;posta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, palabra antigua ya recogida por Covarrubias. Sin embargo, para mi sorpresa la palabra &quot;repostar&quot; viene en el diccionario sin etimología. He visto que en el DLE solo aparece desde 1956, aunque en otros diccionarios del siglo XIX aparece simplemente como sinónimo de &quot;pertrechar&quot;. Confirmo en el CORDE algunos (pocos) casos de &quot;repostar&quot; en ese siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿proviene la palabra &quot;repostar&quot; del concepto de &quot;posta&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T23:11:42.773" Title="¿Proviene la palabra &quot;repostar&quot; de las antiguas postas de los correos?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27902" CreationDate="2018-11-25T01:30:15.787" Score="4" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;When is it correct to use the infinitive form of the verb Haber? I see the infinitive used from time to time, but the documentation I found is about the conjugated forms of its use, and have yet to read a rule as to why its infinitive is used at times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gracias por habernos venido a oir.&#xA;El gobierno puede haber destruido las armas.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="19375" LastEditDate="2018-11-25T12:53:33.383" LastActivityDate="2020-01-30T15:00:08.207" Title="Using the verb Haber in its infinitive form" Tags="&lt;infinitivo&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27898" CreationDate="2018-11-25T07:44:14.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado en ningun sitio la etimología específica, pero la definición del DLE de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W3qQioL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repostar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. tr. &lt;strong&gt;Reponer&lt;/strong&gt; provisiones, pertrechos, combustibles, etc. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;em&gt;El acorazado fondeó para repostarse.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por otro lado, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=W3urVhz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repostero&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que parece cercano a &lt;strong&gt;repostar&lt;/strong&gt;, si se indica la etimología:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;strong&gt;repositorius&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;'que sirve para &lt;strong&gt;reponer&lt;/strong&gt; y guardar'&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TojRrA5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;posta&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tiene una etimología totalmente diferente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y el significado al que se hace referencia es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6. f. Conjunto de caballerías que se apostaban en los caminos cada dos o tres leguas, para que los tiros, los correos, etc., pudiesen ser relevados.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;además de la diferencia etimológica muestra una diferencia conceptual: en la &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt; lo que había eran caballos para sustituir a los de los viajeros y que pudieran seguir rápidamente su camino, sin esperar a que descansaran, no un sitio para que los caballos o viajeros repusieran provisiones ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto me hace suponer que el origen de repostar es del latin &lt;em&gt;repositorius&lt;/em&gt; o algo similar, no de posta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ADENDA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En los primeros diccionarios en los que aparece &lt;strong&gt;repostar&lt;/strong&gt; relaciónan la palabra con pertrechar &lt;strong&gt;barcos&lt;/strong&gt; (incluido el ejemplo incluido en el DLE actual), lo que en mi opinión aleja aún más los conceptos de &lt;strong&gt;posta&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;repostar&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ADENDA 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El DLE de 1970 y el de 1984 si indican una etimología para repostar: de &lt;strong&gt;repuesto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-25T13:15:48.693" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T13:15:48.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-25T08:39:42.230" Score="9" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KOGiy39&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hijo&lt;/a&gt; del DLE encuentro (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hijo, ja habido, da, en buena guerra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. hijo habido &lt;strong&gt;fuera del matrimonio&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por otro lado, en la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JoNxOnS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guerra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recoge (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en buena guerra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. Luchando &lt;strong&gt;con lealtad&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No debería ser al reves, es decir, el nacido dentro del matrimonio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-12-01T21:26:43.313" LastActivityDate="2018-12-01T21:26:43.313" Title="¿Por qué un &quot;hijo habido en buena guerra&quot; es un hijo habido fuera del matrimonio y no al revés?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27899" CreationDate="2018-11-25T13:21:24.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that at this point you have been taught &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; only as the auxiliary verb for compound tenses, that is, as part of the conjugation of the &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt; and the rest. I also suppose that you have also been taught &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; as an existence verb, equivalent to the English phrase &lt;em&gt;there&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;to be&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;hay un gato&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;there is a cat&amp;quot;). If so, then of course you wouldn't have normally encountered the infinitive of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your two examples &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; is an auxiliary and is followed by a participle. It's in the infinitive because it's subordinated to something else. In the first example, that something is the fixed phrase &lt;em&gt;Gracias por…&lt;/em&gt;. As with English &amp;quot;Thanks for…&amp;quot;, this should be followed by a nominal phrase, i.e. something that behaves like a noun. One way to do this is to use a verb infinitive. So you could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Ustedes) &lt;strong&gt;vinieron&lt;/strong&gt; a oírnos.&lt;/em&gt; →&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Gracias por &lt;strong&gt;venir&lt;/strong&gt;nos a oír.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I trust you've already encountered this kind of sentence. Now, what this means is &amp;quot;Thank you for coming to hear us.&amp;quot; It's perfectly OK, grammatically. But some speakers will prefer to use a perfect tense in this case: &amp;quot;Thank you for having come to hear us.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Ustedes) &lt;strong&gt;han venido&lt;/strong&gt; a oírnos.&lt;/em&gt; →&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Gracias por &lt;strong&gt;haber&lt;/strong&gt;nos &lt;strong&gt;venido&lt;/strong&gt; a oír.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second example there's the verb &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, which as you know, must be followed by an infinitive in this kind of sentence. In this case there's a big difference in meaning if you use a different tense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno puede &lt;strong&gt;destruir&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The government can/may destroy the weapons.&amp;quot; (present/future)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno puede &lt;strong&gt;haber destruido&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;The government could/might have destroyed the weapons.&amp;quot; (past)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with the former example, it could be useful to extract the subordinate phrase (the part of the sentence after &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt;) and make a simpler sentence out of it, to see the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno &lt;strong&gt;destruye&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt; →&#xA;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno puede &lt;strong&gt;destruir&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno &lt;strong&gt;ha destruido&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt; →&#xA;&lt;em&gt;El gobierno puede &lt;strong&gt;haber destruido&lt;/strong&gt; las armas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this has been more or less clear. In summary, &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; is not an exception when it comes to be used in the infinitive: even though it's a somewhat special verb, it behaves the same as any other verb in constructions that force the verbs to appear in the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T13:21:24.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27621" CreationDate="2018-11-25T15:35:44.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar a la respuesta de RubioRic, señorito se usa de gente mayor o superiores hacia personas jovenes o de menor estatus de forma peyorativa cuando los hablantes saben de tu procedencia. Aunque también posee un significado propio en contexto, como cuando una mujer se lo dice a un hombre (misma edad o menor que el hombre) de forma educada y cariñosa, o incluso de mujeres mayores a hombres muy jovenes que no precisamente sean solteros, eso si, depende del tono y el contexto de la conversación el que te dirá, si ella te lo dice como &quot;halago&quot; o como insulto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20624" LastEditorUserId="20624" LastEditDate="2018-11-25T15:43:53.947" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T15:43:53.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27898" CreationDate="2018-11-25T23:11:42.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Posta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;repostar&lt;/em&gt; provienen en último término de &lt;em&gt;posit-&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;posita, positus, positum&lt;/em&gt;), el participio perfecto pasivo del verbo latino &lt;em&gt;pōnere&lt;/em&gt;, aunque han llegado a nuestro castellano actual por diferentes vías. De la misma familia son &lt;em&gt;puesto&lt;/em&gt; (en todos sus sentidos), &lt;em&gt;repuesto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;repostero&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;repositorio&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;depósito&lt;/em&gt; (estas últimas dos palabras son cultismos, como se evidencia por la presencia de la &lt;em&gt;-i-&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;-posit-&lt;/em&gt;, eliminada regularmente por síncopa en todas las otras).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una posta o un puesto (it. &lt;em&gt;posto&lt;/em&gt;) es literalmente un lugar donde se ha puesto o colocado algo. Puede tratarse de un puesto militar, es decir, un lugar donde se ha construido un fuerte o donde se ha destinado una guarnición, en cuyo caso deberá contar con lugar para descansar, con provisiones, municiones, etc. En este sentido nótese cómo se utiliza el término &lt;em&gt;base&lt;/em&gt; para esta misma idea (literalmente: el soporte o cimiento de una guarnición militar), y cómo en inglés &lt;em&gt;to be stationed&lt;/em&gt; significar &quot;estar destacada una tropa en cierto lugar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del sentido militar estricto se pasa al más genérico de &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt; como lugar donde un viajero puede parar para descansar y/o para aprovisionarse o cambiar de caballos. Además de los ejércitos en movimiento, los viajeros más frecuentes serían personas que llevaban mensajes, fueran oficiales o privados; de ahí que la idea de &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt; terminase también unida al concepto de correo. A pesar de que en castellano hemos perdido esa raíz, &quot;correo&quot; sigue siendo &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt; o una palabra similar en muchísimas lenguas occidentales, y por supuesto en castellano mantenemos el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;postal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La posta como lugar para que un viajero cambie de caballos y continúe su camino no es incompatible con la posta como base para un sistema de correo por relevos, donde distintos mensajeros se turnan para llevar el mensaje hasta el siguiente lugar. En cualquiera de los dos casos se requiere un &lt;em&gt;repositorio&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;depósito&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, un conjunto de bienes y servicios preparados y listos para ser entregados a quien los requiera al pasar, para sustituir (reponer) los que consumió en el viaje.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de Autoridades se citan muchas definiciones de &lt;em&gt;posta&lt;/em&gt;, que incluyen el lugar en sí, los caballos que en él se guardan, la distancia entre una posta y otra, etc. Como el concepto es amplio se presta para esta clase de derivaciones metonímicas y figurativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Evidentemente &lt;em&gt;repostar&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;pertrechar un barco&quot; es una nueva derivación figurativa. En efecto las postas del barco son los puertos en los que toca, y lo repuesto son sus provisiones y otros insumos necesarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-25T23:11:42.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-26T00:10:53.063" Score="2" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario de autoridades, &lt;em&gt;demonio&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;&quot;Lo mismo que diablo&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (sic) y aunque la respuesta surge de inmediato con base en las acepciones de cada término en el diccionario actual (6 acepciones y 15 frases para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CAFACdU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demonio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; contra 9 acepciones y más de 50 frases para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DdJ72P9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diablo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), revisando en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=diablo%2Cdemonio&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Cdiablo%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bdiablo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BDiablo%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BDIABLO%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Cdemonio%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bdemonio%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BDemonio%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Ngrams&lt;/a&gt;, hacia 1800 la diferencia era muy favorable a &lt;em&gt;demonio&lt;/em&gt;, hace unos 100 años se igualan los términos y se termina imponiendo &lt;em&gt;diablo&lt;/em&gt;. Si bien desde el CORDE aparece el término &lt;em&gt;diablo&lt;/em&gt; más mencionado que demonio en el siglo XIX, durante el siglo de oro y posteriores (Siglo XVI y XVII) el CORDE muestra que aparecen el doble de &lt;em&gt;demonios&lt;/em&gt; que de &lt;em&gt;diablos&lt;/em&gt; escritos.En la actualidad hablamos de pobres diablos, se está con un humor de mil diablos, las cosas quedan donde el diablo dejó el poncho (o el chaleco) y otras tantas frases ¿Qué causó que se fuera imponiendo el término &lt;em&gt;diablo&lt;/em&gt; en el habla cotidiana y en los diversos textos como muestra el CORDE y en Ngrams? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="17560" LastEditDate="2018-11-27T01:51:02.483" LastActivityDate="2018-11-27T01:51:02.483" Title="¿Por qué en diversos textos y frases, 'diablo' terminó por imponerse sobre 'demonio'?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27870" CreationDate="2018-11-26T04:15:44.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we always say &quot;ser aburrido&quot;, but in the rest of the countries they say &quot;estar aburrido&quot;. If you want to learn Spanish, you have to focus on a specific Spanish, for example the Spanish of Spain, because learning Spanish of all the countries will confuse you. Anyway, here is the answer for your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spain --&gt; ser aburrido (if something makes you bored), estar aburrido (if someone is getting bored)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the Hispanic countries --&gt; estar aburrido (mostly it's like that, but in specific zones of Latinoamerica you will hear both &lt;em&gt;ser aburrido&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estar aburrido&lt;/em&gt; as we do in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20375" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T04:15:44.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27901" CreationDate="2018-11-26T07:33:58.507" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yerros de amor, eslabonados por su difunto padre el Rey don Alonso en diferentes hijos habidos en buena guerra, dejaron á este príncipe desgraciado preparada la cadena de desdichas; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bartolomé José Gallardo, &quot;Artículos literarios&quot;, 1832 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el único caso claro que encuentro en el CORDE de la expresión. Sin embargo, se venía usando desde bastante antes. En el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; se describe así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hijo habido en buena &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;, por antiphrasis. Se llama el habido fuera del matrimonio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, queda claro que el origen es irónico, como la propia definición de &lt;em&gt;antiphrasis&lt;/em&gt; nos indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ANTIPHRASIS. s. f. Figúra irónica, por la qual diciendo una cosa se quiere dár à entender su totalmente contrária: como llamar pelón al que no tiene pelo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta muy curiosa la construcción, porque el propio &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; describe &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GUERRA. Se llaman tambien las dissensiones entre personas, y especialmente entre los domésticos: como entre Marido y muger, parientes y criados, que riñen mucho sin tener quietúd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, se puede entender la expresión como &quot;un hijo habido durante un periodo de guerra doméstica&quot;, aunque la guerra no haya sido precisamente &quot;buena&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buena &lt;em&gt;guerra&lt;/em&gt;. Se dice de la pressa, ù otra accion militar, executada conforme à las leyes y usos recibidos y admitidos generalmente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me parece a mí que por entonces se admitiera mucho el tener hijos fuera del matrimonio (salvo si eras un rey u otra persona igual de rica y poderosa, claro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-26T15:01:36.453" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T15:01:36.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27905" CreationDate="2018-11-26T13:20:34.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleccionesdeteologia.net/selecciones/llib/vol34/133/133_alvarez.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publicación #133, Volumen 34 de Instituto de Teología Fundamental (Facultad de Teología de Cataluña)&lt;/a&gt; diablo y demonio no son la misma cosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qué es un demonio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;demonio&amp;quot; es de origen griego. Daimónion no es ni masculino ni femenino,&#xA;sino neutro. No se trata, pues, de una persona, sino de una cosa. Además es un adjetivo&#xA;sustantivado. Indica, por tanto, la personificación de una entidad abstracta. La&#xA;mentalidad popular había creado este vocablo para designar poderes impersonales,&#xA;potencias espirituales o fuerzas maléficas, capaces de entrar en las personas y&#xA;provocarles enfermedades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que para diablo explica lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Quién es el Diablo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &amp;quot;Diablo&amp;quot; se usa para una realidad&#xA;totalmente distinta. En el NT siempre aparece como sustantivo o nombre&#xA;propio y, generalmente, con artículo determinado (&amp;quot;el&amp;quot; Diablo). Se&#xA;trata de una palabra de origen griego (diábolos), que traduce el&#xA;vocablo hebreo Satanás, que significa &amp;quot;el adversario&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;el enemigo&amp;quot;.  Ambas palabras tienen, pues, el mismo significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El plural &amp;quot;diablos&amp;quot;, que a veces usamos, es un error. Para la Biblia, sólo&#xA;existe &amp;quot;un&amp;quot; Diablo, como no existe sino un solo &amp;quot;Satanás&amp;quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto citado describe que los demonios se &amp;quot;usaban&amp;quot; para describir enfermedades. Los demonios era la causa de cualquier afección inexplicable como por ejemplo que alguien que tenía su boca y su lengua en perfecto estado y era mudo. Tenía que estar &amp;quot;endemoniado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego aparece el siguiente argumento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Existen los demonios?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con nuestros actuales conocimientos&#xA;bíblicos y científicos, no es posible seguir hablando de &amp;quot;posesión&#xA;demoníaca&amp;quot;. Este era el lenguaje del tiempo de Jesús. Hoy la medicina&#xA;conoce las causas naturales de la sordomudez, de la epilepsia y de las&#xA;distintas patologías psiquiátricas. No hay por qué recurrir a los&#xA;demonios para explicarlas. En todo caso, no existe base bíblica para&#xA;afirmar la posibilidad de las &amp;quot;posesiones&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez la anterior es la explicación de porque los demonios fueron desapareciendo del lenguaje mientras el diablo mantuvo su posición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En párrafos posteriores el documento habla de que hoy la Iglesia continúa hablando del Diablo, pero no del demonio. La Iglesia sigue preocupada por las tentaciones, pero ha ido abandonando el lenguaje de las posesiones. En todos los documentos del Vaticano II sólo tres veces se menciona al demonio y siempre en pasajes bíblicos. El documento de Puebla no lo nombra ni una sola vez. El nuevo Código de Derecho canónico, antes más extenso, reduce el tema del exorcismo a&#xA;un solo canon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo la Iglesia la principal generadora del lenguaje de diablo y demonios, lo anterior explica claramente que no es que la palabra diablo haya ido substituyendo a la palabra demonio sino que la palabra demonio y su significado original fueron cayendo en desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para terminar cito otro aparte del artículo de la referencia que me parece pertinente aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Confusión peligrosa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos, pues, afirmar que en la Biblia, el Diablo&#xA;o Satanás, al aparecer siempre en singular, en masculino y con&#xA;artículo determinado, se refiere a un ser personal e individual, un&#xA;poder del mal único en su especie. En cambio &amp;quot;demonio&amp;quot;, al ir sin&#xA;artículo y ser de género neutro, no se refiere a algo personal. Las&#xA;dos palabras no son sinónimas y no deben considerarse como&#xA;equivalentes. Durante siglos la expresión bíblica &amp;quot;endemoniado&amp;quot; se ha&#xA;tomado lamentablemente como equivalente de &amp;quot;poseído por el Diablo&amp;quot;,&#xA;cosa que los Evangelios jamás han afirmado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T14:02:53.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2018-11-26T14:05:34.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chiste que muestra la amplia diferencia entre &quot;usted&quot; y &quot;tu&quot;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El director general de un banco se preocupaba por un joven director estrella que después de un periodo de trabajar junto a él, sin parar nunca, ni para almorzar, empieza a ausentarse al mediodía. Entonces el director general del banco llama al detective privado del banco y le dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Siga a López una semana entera, no vaya a ser que ande en algo malo o sucio”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El detective cumple con el cometido, vuelve e informa:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; “López sale normalmente al mediodía, toma su coche, va a su casa a almorzar, luego le hace el amor a su mujer, se fuma uno de sus excelentes habanos y vuelve a trabajar”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Responde el director: Ah, bueno , menos mal, no hay nada malo en todo eso!!!!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego el detective pregunta: “¿Puedo tutearlo, señor?”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorprendido, el director responde: “Sí, cómo no”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, entonces, el detective le dice: Te repito: López sale normalmente al mediodía, toma tu coche, va a tu casa a almorzar, luego le hace el amor a tu mujer, se fuma uno de tus excelentes habanos y vuelve a trabajar”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-12-02T19:46:54.977" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T19:46:54.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27915" CreationDate="2018-11-27T00:54:45.677" Score="4" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,&quot; the following sentence appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then with one back-handed stroke he slew poor Guy of Guisborne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces, con una estocada traicionera mató al pobre Guy de Guisborne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that &quot;back-handed&quot; is being translated in a figurative sense (somebody who has stabbed one in the back is being treacherous). Is this really the correct translation for (literal) &quot;back-handed&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-27T10:57:14.903" LastActivityDate="2018-11-27T14:09:44.080" Title="Is a (literal) backhanded stroke really translated as &quot;treacherous&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27913" CreationDate="2018-11-27T07:15:05.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with that sentence is that it contains a pun on words that is difficult to translate to Spanish. Let's see the sentence in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gutenberg.org/files/74/74-h/74-h.htm#c8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;its complete context&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Why, that ain’t anything. I can’t fall; that ain’t the way it is in the book. The book says, ‘Then with one back-handed stroke he slew poor Guy of Guisborne.’ You’re to turn around and let me hit you in the back.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the kid is misinterpreting the expression &quot;with one back-handed stroke&quot;, which would be translated into Spanish as &quot;con un golpe de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WOGDOdG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;revés&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, giving it the sense of &quot;stabbing someone in the back&quot; instead of &quot;stabbing someone in the direction of the back [of the hand]&quot;. As noted by &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/a/474682/280768&quot;&gt;a related answer&lt;/a&gt; I got in the English language site, the kids from the &lt;em&gt;Tom Sawyer&lt;/em&gt; novel are speaking the lines of the Robin Hood book &quot;from memory&quot;, so they are speaking lines of an unfamiliar version of the English language, such as &quot;Who art thou that dares to hold such language?&quot;. So it is natural that the kids got some lines wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We now face the problem of adapting, and I really mean &lt;em&gt;adapting&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;translating&lt;/em&gt;, the work into Spanish and keep the pun of words. So we could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pero eso no tiene nada que ver. Yo no puedo caer. Así no está en el libro. El libro dice: «Entonces, con una estocada de revés mató al pobre Guy de Guisborne». Tienes que ponerte al revés y dejar que te pegue en la espalda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence in Spanish may not have much sense, because what does &quot;ponerte al revés&quot; mean? To turn around? To be upside-down and walking on your hands? And what's more, is &quot;estocada de revés&quot; an expression that can be misinterpreted in Spanish? Maybe not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pero eso no tiene nada que ver. Yo no puedo caer. Así no está en el libro. El libro dice: «Entonces, con una estocada a mano vuelta mató al pobre Guy de Guisborne». Tienes que darte la vuelta y dejar que te pegue en la espalda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we face the same problem: is &quot;estocada a mano vuelta&quot; an expression the kid could misunderstand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the translator chose to keep the pun in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pero eso no tiene nada que ver. Yo no puedo caer. Así no está en el libro. El libro dice: «Entonces, con una estocada traicionera mató al pobre Guy de Guisborne». Tienes que volverte y dejar que te pegue en la espalda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now &quot;una estocada traicionera&quot; may be understood in several ways. What does it mean? A stab that Guy of Guisborne did not see coming? A mortal stab? A stab given in a treacherous way or with a treacherous intention? The aforementioned post from the English site mentions that a thrust given with the back &lt;em&gt;of the sword itself&lt;/em&gt; may indeed be considered treacherous. In Spanish a &quot;stab in the back&quot; can be easily considered a &quot;treacherous stab&quot;, so it's easy for the kid to understand &quot;una estocada traicionera&quot; as &quot;a stab in the back&quot;, even though &quot;una estocada traicionera&quot; does not necessarily imply that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that keeping the puns of a work is the hardest part of a translator's job, and most of the times it will be needed to adapt the text rather than translating it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the original text cited in the &lt;em&gt;Tom Sawyer&lt;/em&gt; book comes from the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_Ballads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Child ballads&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, as compiled by Francis James Child in his book titled &lt;em&gt;The English and Scottish Popular Ballads&lt;/em&gt;, and goes &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/child/ch118.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like this&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Robin thought on Our Lady deere,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  And soone leapt vp againe,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  And thus he came with an awkwarde stroke;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Good Sir Guy hee has slayne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is translated, according to the book &lt;em&gt;Baladas de Robin Hood&lt;/em&gt; by J. Rubén Valdés Miyares, as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Robin pensó en Nuestra Señora loada,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y enseguida dio un salto,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y así asestó una estocada de revés;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  al buen Sir Guy ha matado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That seems to confirm that the original text indeed speaks about &quot;estocada de revés&quot; as I initially proposed, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/474654/when-did-awkwarde-mean-backhanded&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;awkwarde&lt;/em&gt; means&lt;/a&gt; &quot;in the direction of the backhand&quot; (literally: &quot;in the wrong direction&quot;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/awkward&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from &lt;em&gt;awk&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; 'the wrong way' and 'warde', 'direction of' as in &lt;em&gt;forward&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;backward&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-27T14:09:44.080" LastActivityDate="2018-11-27T14:09:44.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-27T14:35:18.157" Score="4" ViewCount="1799" Body="&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo &quot;cursi&quot; tiene el significado de pretender ser elegante, refinado, bonito o muy afectivo sin llegar realmente a serlo, y pasando a ser por el contrario un poco ridículo y hasta vergonzoso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BkfJV86&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la entrada del DRAE para &quot;cursi&quot;&lt;/a&gt; se indica que es de &quot;etimología discutida&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología (o las diferentes teorías sobre ella) de &quot;cursi&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T16:14:23.547" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;cursi&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27916" CreationDate="2018-11-27T14:47:13.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te indico la etimología que da Corominas en su diccionario etimológico abreviado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CURSI&lt;/strong&gt; 'de mal gusto', 1865. Vocablo semijergal, de origen incierto. Como aparece primeramente en Andalucía, debió de tomarse modernamente del árabe marroquí, donde &lt;em&gt;kúrsi&lt;/em&gt; significa 'figurón, personaje importante', y es aplicación metafórica de la palabra corriente para 'silla', que en otras partes se registra en el sentido de 'ciencia, saber', 'sabio, docto' y 'cátedra de profesor o predicador'; de ahí se pasaría a 'pedante', 'presuntuoso', y a la acepción española.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el CORDE encuentro este caso como el más antiguo, que resulta ser incluso anterior a la fecha citada por Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En el baile que el otro día dió, ocurrió un incidente que retrata al vivo su carácter y modo de ser, presumido y cursi al mismo tiempo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Valera, &quot;Correspondencia&quot;, 1847-1857 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho en diccionarios aparece desde 1853, y en el de la RAE desde 1869, aunque en ningún momento se atreven a proponer siquiera una posible etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la posible etimología proveniente del apellido Sicour, es interesante leer este artículo del ABC del 21 de octubre de 1962, titulado &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1962/10/21/047.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La cursilería y las niñas de Sicour&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Ramón Solís.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Cómo serían de cursis las niñas de Sicour, que hubo que inventar para ellas una palabra! La palabra cursi es muy reciente y, aunque no lo reconoce así algún diccionario etimológico, su historia parte del Cádiz de 1835 a 1840 y sus protagonistas fueron las niñas de Sicour, hijas de un sastre francés [...]. Cualquier gaditano que esté vinculado a la ciudad por más de tres generaciones ha oído contar la historia. Es incomprensible el recelo con que muchos investigadores y eruditos acogen la tradición popular y más aún cuando [...] la tradición se remonta a poco más de un siglo y nuestros abuelos pudieron darnos pelos y señales de las andanzas de las citadas señoritas, de sus paseos por la plaza de Mina y sus trajes llamativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las niñas de Sicour eran hijas de un sastre francés que llegó un día a Cádiz con los últimos modelos de París. Las niñas, además de mal gusto, debían de tener una fuerte personalidad, a su manera y, sobre todo, debían de ser decididas y de las que no se paraban en barras. Lo cierto es que, sin tener medios económicos para ello, ni elegancia, ni esa posición social que la época imponía para poder figurar en sociedad, se lanzaron un día a la plaza de Mina de Cádiz dispuestas a disputar en elegancia con las más plantadas. Eran los años 1835 a 1840. Cádiz era ambiente propicio para la cursilería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las niñas fueron unas incomprendidas. Los estudiantes de Medicina, que ya no tenían uniforme de oficiales de Marina [...] ni aquella seriedad dieciochesca de sus primeros años [...], la toman con ellas. Una copla aguda, graciosa, oportuna, las hace populares. El estribillo de la canción era sencillo y repetido muy rápidamente da lugar a la palabra &quot;cursi&quot;. Decía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Las niñas de &quot;Sicour&quot;&#xA;    Sicur, Sicur, Sicur&#xA;    Sicur, Sicur, Sicur.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo termina con un par de referencias. La primera es al apéndice &quot;Diccionario de voces gaditanas&quot; incluido en la obra &quot;Nombres de calles y plazas de Cádiz&quot;, de 1857, en el que define la palabra &quot;cursi&quot; que por entonces era aún patrimonio de la ciudad. Y cita también una aparición de la palabra en la revista gaditana &quot;La estrella&quot;, en &lt;a href=&quot;https://webs.ucm.es/info/especulo/numero25/cursi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un artículo&lt;/a&gt; del 25 de diciembre de 1842 titulado &quot;Lo cursi&quot;, que es básicamente una amplia definición de la palabra (se enlaza un texto sobre el artículo, el cual se incluye completo al final, aunque se puede ver una reproducción del principio del mismo en el artículo citado del ABC, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1962/10/21/049.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página 49&lt;/a&gt;). La prensa gaditana comienza a usar el término desde entonces. Incluso cita que desde 1870 se usa en la ciudad el propio apellido &quot;sicur&quot; como sinónimo de &quot;cursi&quot;, debido probablemente a que ya no se esperaban represalias de la familia Sicour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si la palabra se usaba en textos escritos desde 1842, las fechas encajas con las primeras apariciones de la misma en diccionarios, en 1853 y 1869 como se ha citado al principio de esta respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, la gráfica de NGram que no deja lugar a dudas acerca de cuándo se produjo la explosión del uso de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W4f2g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W4f2g.png&quot; alt=&quot;Cursi&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: que existe una etimología popular que dice que viene de Cádiz del apellido Sicour por repetición y alteración de las sílabas, la cual Corominas no se cree porque dice que no hay evidencias de que existieran las tales hermanas Sicour, e intenta tirar por otra etimología, que puede ser incluso menos creíble que la popular (aunque mantiene el origen andaluz) y la RAE dice por tanto que la etimología es discutida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-28T16:14:23.547" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T16:14:23.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-27T15:57:27.883" Score="5" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard different ways if some food contains something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lleva azúcar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tiene azúcar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Trae azúcar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between them? Can they be used interchangeably?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, can &quot;con&quot; be used? If yes, should with be &lt;code&gt;estar&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ser&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es con queso? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está con queso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-27T17:11:38.980" LastActivityDate="2018-11-27T17:11:38.980" Title="The way to ask if some food contains something" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27918" CreationDate="2018-11-27T16:19:30.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that &amp;quot; lleva azúcar?&amp;quot; is the closest to &amp;quot;contiene azúcar?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When asking &amp;quot;Tiene azúcar?&amp;quot; there is some ambiguity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; azúcar? Quisiera poner una poca más en mi café&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene &lt;em&gt;el café&lt;/em&gt; azúcar? Voy a poner un poco si no tiene ya.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could have the same ambiguity with &amp;quot;trae&amp;quot; and even &amp;quot;lleva&amp;quot;, but due to the usage of the language it is stronger in &amp;quot;lleva&amp;quot; than in the other options. &amp;quot;Lleva&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;trae&amp;quot; are perfect options, although &amp;quot;contiene&amp;quot; would be the best. They are all pretty interchangeable, and maybe the only connotation to distinguish between them is what you are talking about (a recipe, a plate, a precook meal...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asking about a plate or recipe I would use &amp;quot;lleva&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;tiene&amp;quot;. For something manufactured (somethings that comes from a can for example) I would use &amp;quot;tiene&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;contiene&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Also, can &amp;quot;con&amp;quot; be used? If yes, should with be estar or ser?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really, unless you were asking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se hace &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; queso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viene con queso / patatas fritas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like asking &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20328/5481&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Does it come with ...?&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. In the first one you ask if a certain ingredient is used in the process. The second one is &amp;quot;does it come with...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: It may be also interesting to check the answer in the duplicate question &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20828/5481&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Is that with...&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; which also addresses some of the point of your question. Quoting that answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso es &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; queso? is correct but I think the best way would be to say: ¿Eso tiene queso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Eso está hecho &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; queso? = Was that made with cheese?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-27T16:19:30.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20328" CreationDate="2018-11-28T08:15:08.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an old question but I've noticed it because it was used to mark a duplicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It specifies Mexican Spanish but this phrase appears in another &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/20330/11102&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would say &lt;strong&gt;venir&lt;/strong&gt; is grammatically wrong (and idiomatically awkward in any case)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt; the sentence &quot;¿viene con patatas?&quot; is used commonly, it's totally normal and understandable and &lt;strong&gt;it's NOT grammatically wrong neither idiomatically awkward&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bXkUiz2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;venir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Dicho de una persona o de una cosa: Llegar a donde está quien habla.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  English translation: Applied to person or a thing: &lt;strong&gt;Arrive&lt;/strong&gt; where the speaker is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you say &quot;¿esta carne &lt;strong&gt;viene&lt;/strong&gt; con patatas?&quot; you are asking &quot;do this meat &lt;strong&gt;come&lt;/strong&gt; with fries?&quot; [come and arrive are synonyms in this case, and I think that &quot;come&quot; is more idiomatic in English].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-29T06:42:15.160" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T06:42:15.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19109" CreationDate="2018-11-28T15:38:32.530" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente creo que una buena analogía para llevar este concepto de &quot;game changer&quot; al español sería &quot;efecto bisagra&quot;. Esto nos lleva a pensar que estamos hablando de lo mismo pero se abre una nueva dimensión que antes no se conocía. Espero les sirva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20638" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T15:38:32.530" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27927" CreationDate="2018-11-28T20:49:04.470" Score="1" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué clase de coordinada sería la siguiente frase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No tienes suficiente espacio de almacenamiento en iCloud para hacer una copia de seguridad de ese iPhone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué sería &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20642" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-28T20:51:55.340" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T22:30:17.253" Title="Función sintáctica &quot;para&quot;" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27926" CreationDate="2018-11-28T22:30:17.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si entiendo bien la terminología, la proposición que comienza con &lt;em&gt;para...&lt;/em&gt; en este ejemplo no es una coordinada, sino una subordinada. Más específicamente, una subordinada adverbial impropia final, es decir, que expresa una finalidad u objetivo. Esta subordinada funciona como un complemento lógico que indica la finalidad de la acción (la acción es tener suficiente espacio, la finalidad es hacer una copia de seguridad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de subordinada puede usar &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; + verbo en subjuntivo, o bien &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt; + infinitivo, como en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No tienes suficiente espacio... para &lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt; una copia de seguridad...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No tienes suficiente espacio... para &lt;strong&gt;que hagas&lt;/strong&gt; una copia de seguridad...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede usar el infinitivo en la subordinada sólo si los sujetos (implícitos) de la proposición principal y de la subordinada son el mismo, como en este caso (donde el sujeto implícito común es la segunda persona del singular, &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-28T22:30:17.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2930" CreationDate="2018-11-28T23:12:44.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las reglas de tutear, ustedear, y vosear varían por país.  No hay una regla fija.  España me parece un país muy informal y México mucho más formal.  El primero es probablemente verdad por ser un país de Europa. Ese último es probablemente resultado de tener una herencia lingüística indígena con reglas de formalidad bien complejas y también resultado de los tiempos coloniales cuando la gente tenía que mostrar respeto según su clase- español, criollo, mestizo, o indígena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tiene que haber un estudio lingüística al tanto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2019-12-13T22:11:54.830" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T22:11:54.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27932" CreationDate="2018-11-28T23:34:38.330" Score="4" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any relationship between &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs and the verb &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; itself?&#xA;I mean do &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs imply &lt;em&gt;going&lt;/em&gt;? I can think of &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;venir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vivir&lt;/em&gt; (as in life is a path), &lt;em&gt;partir&lt;/em&gt; and so. Do they root back to &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. If so what are the roots of &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20471" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-12-02T06:09:22.007" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T06:09:22.007" Title="Is the root of &quot;-ir&quot; verbs in the verb &quot;ir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27929" CreationDate="2018-11-29T00:01:14.843" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si y no...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No todos los infinitivos de los verbos terminan en &quot;ir&quot;, también están las terminaciones &quot;ar&quot; y &quot;er&quot; (&quot;comprar&quot;, &quot;beber&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero su etimología proviene de &quot;Ir&quot; que significa &quot;marchar&quot; o &quot;andar&quot;, o sea cuando el verbo se encuentra marchando se conjugará con el &quot;ir&quot; dando su infinitivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De su misma manera al conjugarse con el resto de los tiempos presenta la misma transformación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Futuro de ir: irás&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Vivir : vivirás &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2018-11-29T13:54:02.340" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T13:54:02.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27931" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-29T10:08:20.350" Score="3" ViewCount="436" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer se me dio una circunstancia curiosa. Recibí en casa la visita de dos personas, a una de las cuales trato con familiaridad (de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;), y a la otra la trato con respeto (de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;). En un momento dado tuve que referirme a ambas al mismo tiempo para pedirles que tomaran asiento, y conforme mi mente iba preparando la frase me iba entrando la duda de si decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;por favor, sentaos&quot;, o&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;por favor, siéntense&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensé que si usaba la forma de &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; la persona a la que hablo con respeto se podría sentir ofendida, y si usaba la de &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; la persona a la que hablo coloquialmente se iba a sentir extrañada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la forma correcta de proceder en estas circunstancias? ¿Hay alguna salida intermedia? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T16:07:50.180" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T16:12:26.800" Title="Forma correcta para referirse a dos personas al mismo tiempo con diferente nivel de tratamiento" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27929" CreationDate="2018-11-29T11:06:10.853" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is no relation whatsoever between &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; and the other verbs that end in &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; in the infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should think of Spanish verbs as sets of forms (conjugated forms, with person, number, tense and mood; and the non-conjugated forms like the infinitive, the gerund and the passive participle). The infinitive is just one form, the one traditionally used to refer to the verb and to cite it in dictionaries and the like. The infinitives can be grouped in three classes based on their endings, but that's all. The verbs within a class, when regular, are conjugated in the same way, but they are not related in any other way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As explained &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17604/why-do-the-verbs-in-spanish-only-end-in-ar-er-ir&quot;&gt;elsewhere&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish three verb classes come from Latin. Specifically, the three classes of the dialect of Vulgar Latin that gave rise to Spanish come from the four verbal classes of Classical Latin. The endings &lt;em&gt;-ēre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-ĕre&lt;/em&gt; (with long and short &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; respectively) were merged into one. There was a lot of moving of verbs from the &lt;em&gt;-er&lt;/em&gt; class to the &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; class and viceversa, which didn't really affect the conjugation much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing particular to the &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; verbs is a strong tendency to have high vowels (&lt;em&gt;i, u&lt;/em&gt;) in the root when historically they had mid vowels (&lt;em&gt;e, o&lt;/em&gt;). That's why &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;mplir, c&lt;strong&gt;u&lt;/strong&gt;brir, em&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;tir, escr&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;bir, rec&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;bir&lt;/em&gt; have &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt; in their next-to-last syllables, even if they are related to &lt;em&gt;c&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;mpletar, c&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;bertura, m&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ter&lt;/em&gt; and the old Spanish &lt;em&gt;escr&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;bir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;rec&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;bir&lt;/em&gt;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T11:06:10.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27934" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27936" CreationDate="2018-11-29T15:56:18.670" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you translate &quot;the first Easter Hare&quot; correctly? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone (a native) told me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;pimer&lt;/strong&gt; liebre de Pascua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I think it must be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;primera&lt;/strong&gt; liebre de Pascua&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it's a female hare, but i am not sure if that makes any difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20647" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T14:36:42.493" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T14:36:42.493" Title="Agreement of noun adjective: Should I use masculine or feminine for the adjetive with this noun?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27934" CreationDate="2018-11-29T16:24:38.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;la traducción sería:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;La primera liebre de Pascua&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo es más común oir que se usa la palabra &quot;conejo&quot;, entonces quedaría:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;El primer conejo de pascua&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T16:24:38.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27934" CreationDate="2018-11-29T16:48:46.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look for &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NHUNgob&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;liebre&amp;quot; in the dictionary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;liebre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;f&lt;/strong&gt;. Mamífero del orden [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; there tells you that it's a feminine noun (if you hover over it it will display &amp;quot;nombre femenino&amp;quot;), so you'll use &amp;quot;primer&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;primer&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;liebre&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a &lt;em&gt;feminine noun&lt;/em&gt;, which means we use it both for male and female hares&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La liebre macho es más &lt;strong&gt;alta y roja&lt;/strong&gt; que la liebre hembra, que suele ser más &lt;strong&gt;pequeña y blanca&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(this is not actually true, but I just wanted to point out that I used female adjetives in all cases, because the noun is feminine, regardless of the actual gender of the animal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that, unless some exception cases, you'll say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer X (being X a masculine noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera Y (being Y a feminine noun)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjectives must agree in gender with the noun (except some exception cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/27935/5481&quot;&gt;Alvalongo explains in his answer&lt;/a&gt;, in Spanish speaking countries traditions vary and where they have this reference they might call it the &amp;quot;conejo&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;liebre&amp;quot;. Since &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ADak4g1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conejo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is a masculine noun we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El primer conejo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case the dictionary entry is for &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;conejo, ja&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; which is &amp;quot;nombre masculino &lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt; femenino&amp;quot; (respectively) so you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera coneja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, just for fun and to compare with the previous example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El conejo (macho) es más &lt;strong&gt;alto y rojo&lt;/strong&gt; que la coneja (hembra), que suele ser más &lt;strong&gt;pequeña y blanca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T16:54:21.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27937" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27938" CreationDate="2018-11-29T17:51:20.533" Score="1" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;How must one translate &quot;spring&quot; as in the season?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it 'primavera' or rather '&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; primavera'? As we don't say '&lt;strong&gt;the&lt;/strong&gt; spring&quot; in English, but &quot;spring&quot;, I guess it must be 'primavera' (just like that) in Spanish as well? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I see &lt;em&gt;primaveral&lt;/em&gt; but I guess that's an adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20647" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-11-29T17:59:59.587" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T05:46:38.770" Title="Do I need to use the article with &quot;primavera&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27937" CreationDate="2018-11-29T17:57:00.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it is a matter of personal preferences and the meaning of the sentence since both &lt;strong&gt;primavera&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;la primavera&lt;/strong&gt; are correct.  In some contexts you need the article and in others you don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, one sounds better than the other in some contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll be traveling to Europe &lt;strong&gt;this spring&lt;/strong&gt; = Viajaré a Europa &lt;strong&gt;esta primavera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you can not use &quot;la&quot;, but if we change the sentence to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'll be traveling to Europe &lt;strong&gt;in [the] spring&lt;/strong&gt; = Viajaré a Europa en &lt;strong&gt;(la) primavera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you can use &quot;la&quot; if you prefer but it will be right either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following sentence you have to use &quot;la&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I traveled to Europe last spring = Viajé a Europa &lt;strong&gt;la primavera&lt;/strong&gt; pasada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following example it sounds better if you use &quot;la&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I love &lt;strong&gt;spring&lt;/strong&gt; = Me gusta &lt;strong&gt;la primavera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;other example where both are ok is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Plants bloom in [the] spring = Las plantas florecen en (la) primavera  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for a good translation you have to check the preposition used in English. For example if you have &quot;this&quot; you don't use &quot;la&quot;, with &quot;on&quot; you could choose if you want to use &quot;la&quot; but with &quot;last, next&quot; you have to include &quot;la&quot;. Prepositions are difficult in all languages but you get use to them as you hear them more and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2018-12-02T05:46:38.770" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T05:46:38.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27939" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-29T22:28:56.890" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some verbs have the form with &quot;se&quot; and still mean the same thing and used in the same. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'comer' and 'comerse' in this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella se comió el pastel entero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella comió el pastel entero.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No difference between these sentences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this really the case that some of the verbs can be used with &quot;se&quot; exactly the same way and mean the same thing as the ones without &quot;se&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question isn't about the verb &quot;comer&quot; particularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T11:05:41.863" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T11:05:41.863" Title="The verbs with &quot;se&quot; and without it that mean exactly the same thing" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-11-30T11:05:50.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27943" CreationDate="2018-11-30T00:43:16.097" Score="4" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sitio en que crece una planta fructífera normalmente tiene nombre que termina en -l, como &lt;em&gt;duraznal&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;moral&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;naranjal&lt;/em&gt;. En cuanto a los manzanos, existe &lt;em&gt;manzanal&lt;/em&gt; pero parece más común la forma &lt;em&gt;manzanar&lt;/em&gt;. Ya que las definiciones de la DRAE y el Wikcionario no lo discuten, ¿por qué esa palabra adquirió la forma distinta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T10:10:47.747" Title="¿Por qué &quot;manzanar&quot; lleva la -r?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;plantas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27944" CreationDate="2018-11-30T01:11:09.110" Score="5" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Tom Sawyer, this phrase appears in the original English (near the beginning of chapter 20):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a human figure, &lt;strong&gt;stark naked&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish translation, it says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;una figura humana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I take that to be simply &quot;a human figure.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the Spanish phrase actually indicate a clothes-free state of said human figure?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, why would the translator fail to translate that aspect of the matter? It is key to the story, because Becky Thatcher is looking at the &quot;human figure&quot; in an anatomy book that is normally &quot;under lock and key&quot; in the teacher's desk, and she is embarrassed when Tom sees her looking at it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if the phrase used does not indicate a &quot;friend of a textile-free environment&quot;, should the translation be something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;una figura humana, sin ropa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T12:58:09.797" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T13:12:50.773" Title="Does &quot;una figura humana&quot; indicate that the human figure is naked?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27941" CreationDate="2018-11-30T05:49:34.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, the wording (&quot;... en el que aparecía &lt;em&gt;una figura humana&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;) does not imply at all that it is a &lt;em&gt;stark naked&lt;/em&gt; human figure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However&lt;/strong&gt;, since it is referring to a drawing in an &lt;strong&gt;Anatomy&lt;/strong&gt; book (as indicated earlier in the same sentence), the context does convey the idea that the human figure is indeed naked without having to explicitly state it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your second question, either &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;una figura humana, sin ropa&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;una figura humana desnuda*  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seem OK to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastEditorDisplayName="user19858" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T05:59:04.530" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T05:59:04.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27940" CreationDate="2018-11-30T09:48:41.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;También tienes &lt;em&gt;pinar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;melonar&lt;/em&gt; y otros que acaban en &lt;em&gt;-r&lt;/em&gt;. En el diccionario aparecen las dos terminaciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1PYY1SR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-al&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. -ālis.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. En adjetivos, indica generalmente relación o pertenencia. &lt;em&gt;Ferrovial, cultural.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. En sustantivos, indica el lugar en que abunda el primitivo. &lt;em&gt;Arrozal, peñascal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3NNxyGS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. -āris.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. En los adjetivos significa condición o pertenencia. &lt;em&gt;Espectacular, axilar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. En los sustantivos indica el lugar en que abunda el primitivo. &lt;em&gt;Pinar, palomar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las acepciones que nos interesan son las segundas de cada caso, y como puedes ver ambas terminaciones provienen de sendas terminaciones que ya existían en latín: &lt;em&gt;-ālis&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-āris&lt;/em&gt;, luego esta diferenciación ya existía en dicho idioma. He preguntado &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/q/7615/2646&quot;&gt;en el sitio de latín&lt;/a&gt; si había alguna diferencia entre ambos sufijos por entonces o si había alguna regla que aplicara para usar uno u otro. Hay que tener en cuenta que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OItjStD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manzana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como tal no existía en latín clásico, dado que proviene de &lt;em&gt;Mattiana mala&lt;/em&gt;, literalmente &quot;manzanas de Matio&quot; en honor a C. Mattius.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, parece que el caso de &lt;em&gt;manzanar&lt;/em&gt; es curioso. En el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt; se recogen ambas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MANZANAL ò MANZANAR. s. m. El sítio plantado de manzánas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita como ejemplo precisamente un caso con &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y pidiéronle mercéd, que las sus gentes no les hiciessen mal en los peráles, ni en los panes ni en los &lt;em&gt;manzanáles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay muchos casos en el CORDE, pero &lt;em&gt;manzanar&lt;/em&gt; aparece en el siglo X:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et ipsa ecclesia Sancti Mikaeli cum suas casas, et ipsa hereditate tota cum suis pumiferis et suos manzanares et ortules, cum terris, vineis, molinis, pratis, pascuis, cum exitus et regressus, ab omni integritate.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;De Monte Aurio [Becerro gótico de Cardeña]&quot;, 968 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;manzanal&lt;/em&gt; aparece algo después:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... hes a sauer nonbradamente la cassa e lagar e el molino e los manzanales e la naza, dejando la terçia parte del agua a la uilla franco e quito...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Carta de concierto&quot;, 1299 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues parece ser que ambas formas convivieron y que no fue hasta tiempos más recientes que ha parecido asentarse más en el idioma la forma con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T10:10:47.747" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T10:10:47.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27941" CreationDate="2018-11-30T10:42:20.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @parliament-of-owls that just &quot;una figura humana&quot; does not imply that the depicted human being is naked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I disagree with both of you about the right translation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're right, according to the Merriam Webster dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stark%20naked&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;stark naked&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [idiom]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;wearing no clothes &lt;strong&gt;at all&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;una figura humana, sin ropa&quot; does not convey the text completely. The word &quot;clothes&quot; is not present in the original text, why we have to mention it in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to translate two words: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stark&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;stark&lt;/a&gt;, an adverb, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/naked&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;naked&lt;/a&gt;, an adjective. Let's choose the equivalents in Spanish: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A1NpCDm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;completamente&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DEE3jZX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;desnuda&lt;/a&gt;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;figura humana, sin ropa&quot; is a translation but not a good one because it does not reflect the original writer's intention. He has used and adverb to remark the degree of nudeness: stark naked, completely nude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;figura humana, &lt;strong&gt;completamente&lt;/strong&gt; desnuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to add the adverb &lt;em&gt;completamente&lt;/em&gt; [absolutely] to reflect the &quot;impact&quot;. It's not just naked or nude, it's &lt;strong&gt;stark&lt;/strong&gt; naked. It's not just wearing no clothes, it's wearing no clothes &lt;strong&gt;at all&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I have explained to Charlie, I don't mean that you have to use this kind of translation everytime, &lt;strong&gt;a word-by-word approach&lt;/strong&gt;. My English is not good enough to explain myself. That approach usually is wrong, but in this specific case I think that such kind of translation match the original intention of the writer. Knowing both expressions, in my opinion &quot;stark naked&quot; and &quot;completamente desnuda&quot; are equivalents both in meaning and in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T13:12:50.773" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T13:12:50.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18126" CreationDate="2018-11-30T12:07:42.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ive read a lot about this and yes.&#xA;There is three &quot;types of leather&quot;&#xA;- Real one. 100% Animal. 100% biodegradable.&#xA;- Compund Leather, also knows as bounded, eco friendly and PU. Thats just a backing of real animal fiber with an chequical compund that imitates color and texture. This is what we call &quot;Cuerina&quot; in spanish. Very common on jackets that later flake off out of the blue. This has no cure other than removing the whole coating and end up with suede-like materia. Or gamusa. You can wax and shine this material to kind of have a new finish, but looses its texture.&#xA;- Finaly Fake leather, leather imitation or PVC. This is what we call &quot;Vinilo&quot; in spanish. This is 100% synthetic, man made from Plastic. This one rather than flaking, cracks and reveal a wool like fiber. Is &quot;easier&quot; to repair small cracking  damage couse you can apply tins and coats to make it look just like new. But since the new coating is over a weak base, it will continue cracking and falling of eventually. This is much more water resistant that PU and real leather... Couse is plastic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20653" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T12:07:42.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22937" CreationDate="2018-11-30T14:18:48.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La manera en la que yo lo suelo traducir (aparte de &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;endiosamiento&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;, ya propuesto en otra respuesta) es con el término &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;subidito,ta&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (que no es lo mismo que &amp;quot;estar subido&amp;quot; a secas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DRAE tenemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YWtGe9c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subido, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Último, más fino y acendrado en su especie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Muy elevado, que excede al término ordinario. &lt;em&gt;Precio subido&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &amp;quot;subidito&amp;quot; al referirse a la actitud de alguien partiría de la tercera acepción de &amp;quot;subido&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;Elevado por encima de lo ordinario&amp;quot;) pero con cierta connotación negativa, de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=U4F3iyc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prepotencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por el uso del diminutivo. Tocaría un poco con la primera acepción como &amp;quot;esa persona pretende elevarse a sí misma como lo 'Último, más fino y acendrado en su especie', como por encima de los demás (que somos el 'término ordinario')&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los de ese grupo están un poco &lt;em&gt;subiditos&lt;/em&gt;. Se creen que son los más molones del instituto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa mujer está un poco &lt;em&gt;subidita&lt;/em&gt;. Cualquier hombre que no sea Brad Pitt o Hugh Jackman es poco para ella.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que estás un poco &lt;em&gt;subidito&lt;/em&gt; con el tema de las entrevistas de trabajo. Nadie te va a pagar lo que pides teniendo tu experiencia. Rebaja un poco tus expectativas para hacerlas más realistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T14:50:51.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-11-30T19:05:47.533" Score="0" ViewCount="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todos hemos visto las palabras que tienen varios sentidos. Tengo entendido que en el inglés el término ambiguo &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/set#English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;set&quot;&lt;/a&gt; será el campeón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la DRAE y considerando todas las partes de la oración, ¿cuál es la palabra más ampliamente definida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T19:05:47.533" Title="La palabra con el número máximo de sentidos" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2018-11-30T19:58:58.473" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-01T10:01:23.443" Score="2" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta de @Gustavson a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22859/what-is-the-name-of-the-tense-formed-with-llevo-gerundio/22862#22862&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the name of the tense formed with “llevo + gerundio”?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; cita (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... ni que me vean siempre sonriente y hecho un &lt;strong&gt;gurrumino&lt;/strong&gt; inseparable de esa mujer que lleva aguantando palizas diez y siete años (&lt;em&gt;Gómez Serna, Automoribundia&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Consultado el DLE por &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jtxio7m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gurrumino, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, indica que es &lt;strong&gt;de origen incierto&lt;/strong&gt; y significa  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. coloq. Ruin, desmedrado, mezquino.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. &lt;em&gt;Bol.&lt;/em&gt; p. us. cobarde (‖ pusilánime).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. adj. &lt;em&gt;Nic.&lt;/em&gt; pequeño (‖ de poca estatura).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. y f. &lt;em&gt;Sal.&lt;/em&gt; Chiquillo, niño, muchacho.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5. m. coloq. p. us. Hombre condescendiente en exceso con su mujer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  6. f. &lt;em&gt;Ext. y Cuba.&lt;/em&gt; Pequeñez, fruslería, cosa baladí.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  7. f. coloq. p. us. Condescendencia excesiva de un hombre con su mujer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La entrada más antigua que he encontrado en el CORDE es de 1737:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assí no culparía yo al que digesse aferes por negocios inútiles; amollecer por ablandar; bravería por bravura; comienzo por principio; &lt;strong&gt;complacedor por gurrumino&lt;/strong&gt;; desalforjar por sacar de las alforjas ... (&lt;em&gt;Gregorio Mayans y Siscar, Orígenes de la lengua española, 1737&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;lo que concuerda con que, en las entradas del &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, se indica que es &lt;strong&gt;voz moderna&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;GURRUMINA&lt;/code&gt;. s. f. Obediencia indebida, contemplación excessiva a la propria muger. &lt;strong&gt;Es voz moderna.&lt;/strong&gt; Latín. Uxori indebita submissio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;GURRUMINO&lt;/code&gt;. s. m. El marido que obedece indebidamente, y contempla con excesso a su muger. &lt;strong&gt;Es voz moderna.&lt;/strong&gt; Latín. Vir uxori indebitè submissus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no encuentro ninguna indicación etimológica, ni de cómo ha ido adquiriendo las restantes acepciones recogidas actualmente en el DLE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jtxio7m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de gurrumino y cómo adquirió esas acepciones adicionales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user19858" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T06:59:30.953" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;gurrumino&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27950" CreationDate="2018-12-01T13:00:28.180" Score="4" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;In statements like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No creo que él te comprenda/comprendiere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I don't believe that he'll understand you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should subjunctive in the present or future be used? Is it &quot;comprenda&quot; or &quot;comprendiere&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-12-01T18:26:20.850" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T05:44:45.880" Title="Subjunctive present or future?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;futuro&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27949" CreationDate="2018-12-01T14:41:28.880" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The future subjunctive is practically obsolete in Spanish. Nobody uses it anymore except in some very formal contexts (legal texts and the like). You can very well do without it while you study Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example of yours, moreover, the future subjunctive sounds very awkward. I cannot explain why, but it looks completely out of place. I have seen it used with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;si fuere, si estuviere, si viniere...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuando, donde&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cuando fuere, donde estuviere...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;aunque viniere, aunque dijere...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el/aquel que&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;aquel que hablare, el que pidiere...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on, but I've never found it in this construction (meaning negative belief in the future, &lt;em&gt;no creo que...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this tense is practically forgotten, you can forget about it. You'll never use it yourself, and you'll only find it in legal texts, if at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-01T14:41:28.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27952" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-01T20:01:08.547" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;The airline sent me an email with &quot;confirmacion de compra&quot;, which has a &quot;codigo de reserva&quot;, which I guess, (but that's what I'm asking) corresponds EXACTLY to the &quot;passenger name record (PNR)&quot;. This is a international standard code for flights.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-38518799&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I found this BBC article&lt;/a&gt;, with &quot;codigo de reserva&quot; in the title and says it's PNR. So, are they the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11399" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T09:45:40.333" Title="Is passenger name record (PNR)=&quot;codigo de reserva&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27954" CreationDate="2018-12-01T23:19:31.283" Score="1" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been doing a search lately but haven't found anything about that. How is it said? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not merely &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La musica está demasiado alta o ruidosa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, but a request: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;can you crank/turn the music down a bit?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="20174" LastEditDate="2018-12-02T18:43:27.540" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T18:57:17.603" Title="How to ask to crank or turn the music down?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27953" CreationDate="2018-12-02T00:56:45.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The request &lt;code&gt;can you crank the music down (a bit)?&lt;/code&gt; would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puedes bajar la música (un poco)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in &quot;Tú&quot; form. In &quot;Usted&quot; form it is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Puede bajar la música (un poco)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T00:56:45.647" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27949" CreationDate="2018-12-02T05:44:45.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Supplementary answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;No creo que él te comprenda&quot; is definitely the better choice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that it is ambiguous without more context.  It could mean a couple different things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) I don't think he's understanding you / he understands you [the implied time frame is &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) I don't think he will understand you (for example, if you present your idea that way) [the implied time frame is the future, for example tomorrow, next week, etc.].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to give a clearer timeframe of the future, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que él te vaya a entender&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to give a clearer timeframe of the present, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No creo que él te esté entendiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, &quot;entender&quot; is a more common, and more natural, choice than the obvious cognate &quot;comprender.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T05:44:45.880" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16196" CreationDate="2018-12-02T06:26:34.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've read that it is appropriate in Spanish to say &quot;Quiero un café por favor.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I share your discomfort, and find&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quisiera un café, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;more polite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, a casual approach in Mexico would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Me traes un café, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T06:26:34.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19578" CreationDate="2018-12-02T13:05:42.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Forma(ba) parte de la jerga adolescente de finales de los 90 y principios de los 2000 del área metropolitana de Madrid. Se trata(ba) de una especie de &quot;jerga cockney&quot; a la española, en el que las palabras propias de la jerga se sustituían por palabras que empezaban por las mismas sílabas, con fines meramente jocosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, también pasaba con los dientes, a los que coloquialmente se les llama(ba) piños, de piños se pasaba a piñata: si la palabra ya existía y su significado no tenía nada que ver, era perfecta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más ejemplos: en vez de &quot;al loro&quot; (expresión para pedir atención a algo curioso o significativo) decíamos &quot;al Loreto&quot;... seguro que había más casos parecidos que ahora no me vienen a la memoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues con jeto, decíamos Gepetto. Teníamos 15 años y éramos la primera horneada de la LOGSE; tampoco le queráis encontrar más lógica al asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20666" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T13:05:42.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27953" CreationDate="2018-12-02T14:37:02.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A rude neighbor, or your parents if you're a teen, merely yell at you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡¡ESA MÚSICA!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20666" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T18:57:17.603" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T18:57:17.603" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27961" CreationDate="2018-12-02T16:20:19.987" Score="5" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;No tengo claro si la concordancia es correcta en:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La razón de la quiebra fueron múltiples deudas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;La razón de la quiebra&quot; sería el sujeto, &quot;fueron&quot; el núcleo oracional y &quot;múltiples deudas&quot; el atributo. Pero no sé si &quot;múltiples deudas&quot; se puede considerar como una sola razón, o ha de considerarse como varias, de forma que lo correcto sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las razones de la quiebra fueron múltiples deudas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5438" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T17:34:14.630" Title="Is &quot;La razón de la quiebra fueron múltiples deudas&quot; correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27960" CreationDate="2018-12-02T17:27:40.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=4M7BtboGiD6n4FCqUu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; dice que, cuando sujeto y predicativo subjetivo difieren en número, lo normal es establecer la concordancia en plural, a menos que el elemento que esté en plural pueda concebirse como una unidad (ver punto (c) más abajo):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1.1. Para establecer correctamente la concordancia del verbo ser en las oraciones copulativas, ha de tenerse en cuenta lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Como norma general, ser debe concertar con el sujeto en número y persona: «Este club es una maravilla» (Bayly Días [Perú 1996]); «Algunas cosas son el colmo de la dificultad» (Cortázar Reunión [Arg. 1983]); «Vosotros sois gente que vive en Buenos Aires» (León Memoria [Esp. 1970]); «Ustedes son mi familia» (Espinosa Jesús [Méx. 1995]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) No obstante, si el atributo es un pronombre personal, la concordancia, tanto de número como de persona, se establece necesariamente con este: «Dios somos nosotros» (Alviz Son [Esp. 1982]); «Mi diaria preocupación sois vosotros» (Maldonado Latifundios [Col. 1975]); «El culpable soy yo» (Darío Dama [Ven. 1989]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) &lt;strong&gt;Cuando el sujeto y el atributo son dos sustantivos que difieren en número, lo normal es establecer la concordancia con el elemento plural&lt;/strong&gt;: «Mi infancia son recuerdos de un patio de Sevilla» (Machado Campos [Esp. 1907-17] 491); «Todo eso son falacias» (Ott Dientes [Ven. 1999]); «La primera causa de regresión de la especie son las alteraciones de su hábitat» (DNavarra [Esp.] 20.5.99). &lt;strong&gt;No obstante, en algunos casos es posible establecer la concordancia también en singular, en especial cuando uno de los dos sustantivos tiene significado colectivo, o cuando, siendo un plural morfológico, se refiere a un concepto unitario&lt;/strong&gt;: «Quienes desarrollaron la cultura de La Venta era gente de habla maya» (Ruz Mayas [Méx. 1981]); «El sueldo es tres mil dólares al mes» (Donoso Elefantes [Chile 1995]); «Las migas ruleras es un postre que se reserva para la cena» (Vergara Comer [Esp. 1981]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos evitar la coexistencia de los dos números (singular y plural), podemos optar por parafrasear la oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La razón de la quiebra fue la existencia de múltiples deudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;La quiebra se produjo por / a causa de / como resultado/consecuencia de múltiples deudas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T17:34:14.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27963" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-02T23:14:37.760" Score="1" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the entire set of criteria that decide how 'b/v' are pronounced in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtco.com/pronouncing-the-spanish-b-and-v-3079534&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://studyspanish.com/pronunciation/listen-and-repeat/letter_bv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that 'b/v' are pronounced like the 'b' sound when it is the first letter of a word or when it follows a 'm' or 'b'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the pronunciation of 'v' in 'vivo' is closer to 'v' than 'b' as seen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/vivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; whereas it should be pronounced like 'bibo' based on the rule that I've mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other rule that I may have missed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20670" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:46:46.760" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:46:46.760" Title="Pronunciation rules for 'b/v'" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;betacismo&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-12-03T14:02:18.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27964" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-03T02:03:56.933" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the infinitive of the verb can also be used as a noun, but I notice in some sentences the 3rd person singular present used instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in the below sentence I want to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Odio cuando eso suceder.&#xA;I hate when that happens.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I type that sentence in google translate it changes the infinitive to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Odio cuando eso sucede.&#xA;I hate when that happens.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the 3rd person singular present used instead of the infinitive in a sentence like the one above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="20431" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T23:59:48.587" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T23:59:48.587" Title="When to use infinitive vs 3rd person singular present" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-03T09:25:54.580" Score="2" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El bloqueo de la renovación del Consejo General del Poder Judicial -el órgano de Gobierno de los jueces que designa a los responsables de los principales tribunales españoles- tras el fracaso del pacto impulsado por Pedro Sánchez, está detrás de la explosión de ánimos entre la cúpula judicial: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Las rencillas llegan ya hasta las sentencias&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, asegura un alto cargo de la judicatura con plaza en el Tribunal Supremo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/politica/Angustia-lagrimas-tension-cupula-judicial_0_841666235.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La cúpula judicial está rota: angustia, recados por escrito y lágrimas en el último pleno del consejo&lt;/a&gt;, Gonzalo Cortizo, 1 diciembre 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y no deja de sonarme coja la frase que puse en negrita. Pienso que si no estuviera un &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;, la frase sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rencillas llegan ya &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; las sentencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al haber esta preposición veo que entra en sustitución de &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, cuando a mi entender debería ser complementaria para designar más información, con lo que diríamos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rencillas llegan ya &lt;strong&gt;hasta a&lt;/strong&gt; las sentencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Estoy en lo cierto? Veo en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/ir-por-agua-o-ir-por-agua&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ir por agua o ir a por agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE reflexiones sobre el uso de dos preposiciones seguidas (varía según en España o Hispanoamérica) y no deduzco límites al respecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T12:48:05.113" Title="¿Es correcto decir &quot;Las rencillas llegan ya hasta las sentencias&quot; o debería ser &quot;Las rencillas llegan ya hasta 'a' las sentencias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27965" CreationDate="2018-12-03T12:48:05.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rencillas llegaron &lt;strong&gt;hasta&lt;/strong&gt; las sentencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Fundéu hay un ejemplo con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/el-dia-siguiente-al-dia-siguiente/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el día siguiente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que con otras preposiciones no pondrías &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; delante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rencillas existen &lt;strong&gt;desde&lt;/strong&gt; las sentencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las rencillas existen &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; las sentencias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2573" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T12:48:05.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27964" CreationDate="2018-12-03T14:02:48.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see a few things wrong here. Let's clarify them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the correction that google makes is ok. The correct sentence should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Odio cuando eso sucede&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, it is present and not past. It happens now. If it was past you should say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Odiaba cuando eso sucedía = I hated when that happened&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, in English you are using 3rd person, as in &quot;it happen&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, so in Spanish you should not use infinitive but also the 3rd person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way &lt;strong&gt;suceder&lt;/strong&gt; with this meaning is an intransitive verb that always uses 3rd person. See this &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=suceder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt; for the 2 entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando significa, dicho de un suceso, ‘acontecer u ocurrir’, es intransitivo. Se usa solo en tercera persona y suele llevar un complemento indirecto que expresa la persona a la que le ocurre lo expresado por el sujeto: «Es el tipo de cosas que le suceden siempre a Martín» (Bryce Vida [Perú 1981]).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example of using the infinitive of &lt;strong&gt;suceder&lt;/strong&gt; as a noun is this coloquial frase we use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ana tuvo &lt;em&gt;un mal suceder&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sentence means that Ana had a misfortune. As I said it is coloquial and the bit &quot;mal suceder&quot; should be use together. Also we never say &quot;un buen suceder&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common use of the infinitive is when you say &quot;This could happen&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto puede &lt;strong&gt;suceder&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T14:25:38.657" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T14:25:38.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2681" CreationDate="2018-12-03T15:05:09.510" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su momento (2012) la respuesta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/2682/11102&quot;&gt;Sergio Cinos&lt;/a&gt; era la correcta pero esto ha &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amartizaje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cambiado&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tanto el sustantivo «Amartizaje», como el verbo «amartizar»​ se incluyen en la 23.ª edición del Diccionario de la lengua española (la Edición del Tricentenario), publicada en 2014.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2GEXKcj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2GEXKcj&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k4mkt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k4mkt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo anterior «amarizar» es incorrecto pero «amartizar»​ es correcto para referirse a aterrizar en el planeta Marte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Tocará esperar a las misiones a los otros planetas para tener Mercurizar, Venusizar, Jupertizar, Saturnizar, Uranizar, Neptunizar, y Plutonizar y tal vez exoplatentizar(¿?) &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T13:26:26.963" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T13:26:26.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27972" CreationDate="2018-12-03T15:16:48.380" Score="1" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRrjt4htXlE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this song&lt;/a&gt; to English. At 1:50 the lyrics are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo olvidar que volabas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen various translation around the net and people translate it to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;How could I forget that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;you flew / you are flying / you were flying, etc.?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure about these translations for some reason. I mean, &quot;fly&quot; in what sense - was &quot;it&quot; (the love) that good that she seemed to be flying? Or maybe &quot;fly away&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also learned that &quot;volar&quot; can mean &quot;disappear&quot; or maybe &quot;suddenly left&quot;, but for the translation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How could I forget that you suddenly left?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also not sure about it, as I don't think it fits the other lines right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct translation here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20673" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T16:13:36.540" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T16:13:36.540" Title="&quot;Cómo olvidar que volabas&quot;, how to translate it?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12930" CreationDate="2018-12-03T15:22:47.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://lalenguaesagrandesconocida.wordpress.com/2014/07/18/liarse-la-manta-a-la-cabeza/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo&lt;/a&gt; (que indica como referencia/bibliografía el Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas, de Alberto Buitrago) el origen está en un referencia al Cid (como sospechaba &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12948/5481&quot;&gt;vasher85 en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede que la expresión esté ligada a Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, el Cid. Seguramente fue acuñada durante la batalla de Cuarte (1094)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El Cid decidió tender una emboscada al enemigo almorávide, para lo cual, durante una noche de niebla este&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ordenó que se liaran los mantos a la cabeza como si fueran turbantes y atacaran sin mirar atrás. Finalmente, la estratagema consiguió confundir al enemigo y las tropas del Cid ganaron la batalla, aunque las bajas fueron muy numerosas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo menciona otro posible origen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Otro posible origen se refiere a las batallas medievales, cuando los soldados que iban a asaltar un castillo usaban unos ropajes (las “mantas”) para protegerse la cabeza y la espalda de las piedras, flechas o aceite caliente que les lanzaban los defensores. Como el invento no era demasiado efectivo, quedó la expresión “liarse la manta a la cabeza” como sinónimo de un acto arriesgado que no se ha pensado bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo ambas referencias queda más claro que la expresión es &quot;liarse&quot; la manta (para que parezca un turbante o para que quede bien sujeta a la cabeza) y no &quot;echarse&quot; aunque es entendible que la gente la use así, ya que al significar &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Actuar decidida y precipitadamente, de modo irreflexivo (sin tener en cuenta los posibles peligros, ni la opinión ajena).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es normal que la gente piense que simplemente te pones (echas) la manta a la cabeza, lo que te impide ver y oír bien.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T15:22:47.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-03T15:23:51.540" Score="4" ViewCount="612" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español &quot;ser alguien una manta, o un manta&quot; es una locución adverbial que significa &quot;Ser un holgazán o un inútil&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OGLG0tA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;de acuerdo al DRAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este significado coloquial no se infiere fácil o directamente de las acepciones de &quot;manta&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;ser un manta&quot; para referirse a alguien que es malo o incompetente en una actividad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T16:38:40.030" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T09:40:01.853" Title="¿Por qué cuando alguien es malo o incompetente en una actividad decimos que &quot;es un/a manta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27969" CreationDate="2018-12-03T16:12:33.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.com/enrique-iglesias/18797/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;original lyrics&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;volar&lt;/em&gt; doesn't seem to mean &quot;to flee, to leave&quot; here. It just means &quot;to fly&quot; in a figurative sense, though what Enrique Iglesias actually meant is difficult to guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Volar&lt;/em&gt; does sometimes mean &quot;to leave&quot;, but mostly it's found in the preterite, that is, it's used with a grammar that suggests a finished action (&lt;em&gt;volaste&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;you left&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it is, in the imperfect (&lt;em&gt;pasado imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;), the song reads as saying &quot;you flew&quot; as a habitual past action. This is what most of the previous verses deal with, i. e. things as they used to be. So a better English translation would be &quot;How to forget that &lt;strong&gt;you used to fly&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T16:12:33.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-03T19:53:41.840" Score="1" ViewCount="2762" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRrjt4htXlE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this song&lt;/a&gt; to English. The lyrics include the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cómo olvidar tu mirada&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that &quot;mirada&quot; is a word that is hard to translate to English, making it accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Look&quot;, &quot;glance&quot;, or &quot;gaze&quot; simply don't feel right. &quot;Gaze&quot; doesn't seem to have the same &quot;romantic&quot; power I'd say, and doesn't look/sound good. For lack of a better translation, I'd translate the line to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How could I forget your eyes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm interested to know what do you think would be the translation here and how would you explain the word &quot;mirada&quot; in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20673" LastEditorUserId="20673" LastEditDate="2018-12-03T22:11:00.227" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T08:34:58.817" Title="What is the meaning of the word &quot;mirada&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-03T20:35:43.503" Score="3" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/pRrjt4htXlE?t=1m44s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nunca Te Olvidaré&lt;/em&gt; by Enrique Iglesias&lt;/a&gt; to English. The lyrics include the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cómo olvidar tus locuras&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may be wrong, but it seems to me that there's no direct/very accurate English translation for the word &quot;locuras&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How could I forget &quot;tus locuras&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of &quot;your crazy things&quot;, &quot;your antics&quot;, &quot;your peculiar acts&quot;, but neither seem to grasp the original meaning fully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested to know what do you think would be the translation here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20673" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T16:12:44.960" LastActivityDate="2018-12-09T01:09:51.897" Title="What is the meaning of &quot;Cómo olvidar tus locuras&quot; in a song lyric?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2018-12-06T14:52:26.360" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27975" CreationDate="2018-12-03T21:31:52.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic translation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How could one forget your insanities? Your schemes? Your madness?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase could be used in the context of a friend reuniting with another after a long time.  One might say something like &quot;I assumed you had forgotten me&quot;, and the other would answer &quot;How could I forget your craziness?!&quot; This could refer to something like an eccentric lifestyle, or a reckless one, something extraordinary, strange, and possibly extreme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's up for debate what exactly the translation for &quot;locuras&quot; would be in your provided context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What &lt;em&gt;I'm&lt;/em&gt; referring to are things such as quirks, or &quot;crazy ways&quot;, or anything that a person does that paints them eccentric or peculiar.  I suppose the best, most formal, translation would be - &lt;strong&gt;Idiosyncrasies&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastEditorUserId="723" LastEditDate="2018-12-09T01:09:51.897" LastActivityDate="2018-12-09T01:09:51.897" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27980" CreationDate="2018-12-04T05:12:27.807" Score="3" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish translation of Twain's &quot;Tom Sawyer,&quot; the following original passage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Go home to your Nance and your kids&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vete a tu casa con tu parienta, y tus chicos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which, to me, seems to be saying, &quot;Go home with your relative, and your children.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did the translator not know that &quot;Nance&quot; was a personal name (short for &quot;Nancy&quot;) or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what would the best translation for this, anyway - something like &quot;Vete a tu casa a tu Nance&quot; o &quot;&quot;Vete a tu casa a tu esposa&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-04T07:17:25.557" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T07:44:07.787" Title="Why would &quot;Go home to your wife&quot; be translated as &quot;Go home with your relative&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27948" CreationDate="2018-12-04T06:59:30.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cito el diccionario etimológico abreviado de Covarrubias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GURRUMINO, 1734 [...]. Palabra familiar de origen incierto; quizá es alteración de *&lt;em&gt;gorobino&lt;/em&gt;, deriv. de *&lt;em&gt;goroba&lt;/em&gt; por joroba; comp. el asturiano &lt;em&gt;gurrumba&lt;/em&gt; 'joroba', &lt;em&gt;gurrumbiela&lt;/em&gt; 'jorobado', bogotano &lt;em&gt;gorobeto&lt;/em&gt; 'torcido, combado'; la &lt;em&gt;j-&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;joroba&lt;/em&gt; viene de un &lt;em&gt;ḥ&lt;/em&gt; arábigo, consonante que a menudo da &lt;em&gt;g&lt;/em&gt; en romance. Pero también es posible que &lt;em&gt;gurrumina&lt;/em&gt; significara básicamente 'arrullo amoroso' y que con este sentido derivara de la raíz onomatopéyica vasca &lt;em&gt;urru&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;urruma&lt;/em&gt; 'arrullo del palomo', 'ronroneo del gato', 'ronquido'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al parecer el significado original de la palabra es el correspondiente a la acepción 5: &quot;el que tiene contemplación excesiva por la mujer propia&quot;, tal y como recoge el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T06:59:30.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2018-12-04T07:44:07.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sure the translator knew that Nance was a shortened form for Nancy; otherwise he couldn't have translated it as &lt;em&gt;parienta&lt;/em&gt;, a rather colloquial form for &lt;em&gt;wife&lt;/em&gt;. The word &lt;em&gt;pariente&lt;/em&gt; meaning &lt;em&gt;relative&lt;/em&gt; is almost always used with the &lt;em&gt;-e&lt;/em&gt; ending, it has no feminine form except to refer to &lt;em&gt;la &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RwLAmmj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parienta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Esposo con relación al otro miembro del matrimonio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sense it is almost always used in feminine. I have never seen &quot;mi pariente&quot; used to refer to someone's husband, at least in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, why using &lt;em&gt;parienta&lt;/em&gt;? Because literary works are not translated, but adapted. If I had to choose between &quot;vete a casa con Nancy&quot;, &quot;vete a casa con tu Nancy&quot; or &quot;vete a casa con tu mujer&quot;, all the choices are correct but there are slight difference in meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Vete a casa con Nancy&quot; sounds conforting, and it implies that both people know Nancy closely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Vete a casa con tu Nancy&quot; sounds a bit despective towards Nancy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Vete a casa con tu mujer&quot; sounds between neutral and conforting, but it implies that the speaker does not know Nancy in a close way (maybe he does not even know her name), which might be the case in the novel. Could &lt;em&gt;Nance&lt;/em&gt; be used in the novel as a generic way to refer to someone's wife when you do not know her name?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And using &lt;em&gt;parienta&lt;/em&gt; is just because it is a very colloquial way to say &lt;em&gt;wife&lt;/em&gt;, and it fits very well with the low-level language used in the village where the &lt;em&gt;Tom Sayer&lt;/em&gt; novel takes place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T07:44:07.787" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27982" CreationDate="2018-12-04T18:06:29.960" Score="3" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi curro, cada mes de noviembre algunos se suman al &lt;a href=&quot;https://us.movember.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Movember&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Movember is an annual event involving the growing of moustaches during the month of November to raise awareness of men's health issues, such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and men's suicide. The Movember Foundation runs the Movember charity event, housed at Movember.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movember&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tras dejarse crecer la barba durante un mes, a veces hacen cosas ingeniosas o divertidas al llegar diciembre, cuando empiezan a afeitarse. Uno de ellos por ejemplo se la ha ido quitando &amp;quot;por partes&amp;quot;, desde una barba espesa hasta estar completamente afeitado pasando por perilla, bigotes de motorista, bigote normal, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decía que había pensado en dejarse un &amp;quot;Soul patch&amp;quot; que es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a small patch of facial hair just below the lower lip and above the chin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;source: más &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul_patch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OPo6bs.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OPo6bs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;un muñeco con soul patch&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se llama en español este tipo de barba que es solo un poco de vello facial entre el labio inferior y la barbilla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T07:37:47.583" Title="What's Spanish for &quot;soul patch&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27981" CreationDate="2018-12-04T18:20:06.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Pt3ozF8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mosca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2. f. Pelo que nace al hombre entre el labio inferior y el comienzo de la barba, y que algunos dejan crecer aun no llevando perilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;, aparece por primera vez en el diccionario de Gaspar y Roig de 1855, mientras que en el diccionario de la RAE figura desde la edición de 1884.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente aparece, por ejemplo, en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/mosca&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikcionario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, acepción 2ª:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Barba pequeña que se deja sólo bajo el labio inferior y que no incluye el mentón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T05:47:35.450" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T05:47:35.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27983" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27984" CreationDate="2018-12-04T18:29:41.093" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el título de mi tesis uso la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;semirretícula&lt;/em&gt;&quot; pero al ser una composición del prefijo &quot;&lt;em&gt;semi&lt;/em&gt;&quot; y de la palabra &quot;&lt;em&gt;retícula&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, me pregunté si la doble &lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt; debe emplearse aunque sea una palabra compuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe mencionar que dicha palabra no forma parte de la escritura castellana, es un concepto matemático, pero aún así debería de contar con una forma correcta, según la RAE, de ser escrita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20683" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T07:55:57.253" Title="¿Semirretícula o semiretícula?" Tags="&lt;letras&gt;&lt;escritura&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27983" CreationDate="2018-12-04T18:45:49.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debe escribirse con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; doble, porque si no, la ortografía no marcaría la cualidad vibrante del consonante.  Así es la regla con toda palabra que comienza con &lt;em&gt;r-&lt;/em&gt; al ponerle un prefijo terminante en vocal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos sería &lt;em&gt;prerromano&lt;/em&gt;  de &lt;em&gt;romano&lt;/em&gt; (pero &lt;em&gt;posromano&lt;/em&gt;), o &lt;em&gt;infrarrojo&lt;/em&gt; de &lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Semirretícula&lt;/em&gt; sería una palabra completamente válida.  La ASALE no puede poner todas las palabras prefijadas en el DLE, y por eso pone solo los prefijos cuando sería evidente el significado (como lo es en &lt;em&gt;semirretícula&lt;/em&gt;) por saber el significado de la palabra base y el prefijo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T18:45:49.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27986" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27987" CreationDate="2018-12-04T23:38:51.770" Score="3" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a pizzeria I asked a waiter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tiene una que no tiene carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And he re-asked me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Una que no &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt; carne? Hmmmmm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt; in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T10:23:50.867" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T22:03:07.410" Title="Why subjunctive in this sentence? &quot;¿Tiene una que no *tenga* carne?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27986" CreationDate="2018-12-05T05:40:53.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hypothetical/uncertain if such a pizza exists, which requires subjunctive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easier to see it in another example:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Busco un libro que no tenga dibujos. (Uncertain whether such a book actually exists.).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you were to say &quot;Busco el libro que no tiene dibujos.&quot; your use of the indicative (and the definite article) directly connotes that you know the book exists and you're just trying to find it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18869" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T16:22:46.993" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T16:22:46.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27983" CreationDate="2018-12-05T07:55:57.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como complemento a la respuesta de @guifa, &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UuckNoDjlxPbdQoO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;te enlazo&lt;/a&gt; y cito la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía española&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se emplea el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; en representación del fonema /rr/ en posición intervocálica: &lt;em&gt;arruga, barrio, susurro, terrible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advertencia&lt;/strong&gt;. En las voces prefijadas o compuestas, debe escribirse &lt;em&gt;rr&lt;/em&gt; si el fonema /rr/ queda en posición intervocálica, aunque en la palabra simple ese mismo fonema se represente con &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; por ir en posición inicial: &lt;em&gt;antirrobo&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;anti-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;robo&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;infrarrojo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;infra-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;rojo&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;prerrománico&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;pre-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;románico&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;vicerrector&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;vice-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;rector&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;guardarropa&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;guarda&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;ropa&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;hazmerreír&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;haz&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;reír&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto sí, se escribe &lt;em&gt;semirretícula&lt;/em&gt; aunque provenga de &lt;em&gt;semi-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;retícula&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T07:55:57.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27974" CreationDate="2018-12-05T09:35:45.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't translate the word because it isn't the same in English, but I would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How could I forget the look in your eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it sounds more similar to the sentence in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20690" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T09:45:42.580" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T09:45:42.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27975" CreationDate="2018-12-05T12:16:10.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Oxford Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/craziness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;craziness&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mad, wild, or erratic behaviour or nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;‘he loves me and all of my craziness’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/antics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;antics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Foolish, outrageous, or amusing behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NYYDU9d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;locura&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Privación del juicio o del uso de la razón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción inconsiderada o gran desacierto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción que, por su carácter anómalo, causa sorpresa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Exaltación del ánimo o de los ánimos, producida por algún afecto u otro incentivo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Antics&lt;/strong&gt; is one of your proposals and you have discarded &lt;strong&gt;craziness&lt;/strong&gt; in the comments. This last term usually is the one that you use to translate &lt;strong&gt;locura&lt;/strong&gt;. As you can observe, locura in Spanish may imply both senses: mental illness (1) and a sort of amusing behaviour (4).&#xA;I think that it's the correct translation in this case: &lt;strong&gt;locura = craziness&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the example included in the Oxford Dictionary: &lt;em&gt;he loves me and all of my craziness&lt;/em&gt;. That phrase does not imply mental illness but some sort of wild or extravagant behaviour. It's exactly the same sense expressed in the quoted lyrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T12:16:10.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27986" CreationDate="2018-12-05T16:20:53.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to ALB's apt answer:  The question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tiene una que no tiene carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can indeed make sense, but a different sense -probably- than you intended. With it, you'd be asking about the availability of &lt;em&gt;a specific, concrete type of pizza&lt;/em&gt; - a type you know it exists; say, one that you already ate there, but you don't remember its name, only that it has not meat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, the &quot;right&quot; version &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tiene una que no &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt; carne? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... or even better&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Tiene &lt;strong&gt;alguna&lt;/strong&gt; que no &lt;em&gt;tenga&lt;/em&gt; carne? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(approximately equivalent: &lt;em&gt;¿Tiene alguna sin carne?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... is asking about the availability of &lt;em&gt;some (any)&lt;/em&gt; type of pizza (perhaps not existent) that has no meat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="61" LastEditorUserId="61" LastEditDate="2018-12-07T22:03:07.410" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T22:03:07.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27986" CreationDate="2018-12-05T18:46:53.037" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is referencing the tense where you want to use, if you say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Una que no tenga carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly you are referencing in the past tense, because you are talking about when the pizza was made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead when you have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Una que no tiene carne?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is talking about something that it is there, if I'm showing you three different pizzas in the desk you can use the second choice, but if you are talking without a reference, I mean in general you should use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que tenga carne&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12088" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T18:46:53.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27996" CreationDate="2018-12-05T19:23:37.257" Score="4" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;Revisando &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/25671/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué le decimos coloquialmente “pasta” al dinero?&lt;/a&gt;, donde vimos que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antiguamente se hacía la diferencia entre el dinero propiamente tal (las monedas acuñadas) y la pasta (el metal no acuñado)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha venido a la cabeza la locución adverbial &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5eNsBBo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;no tener alguien blanca&quot;&lt;/a&gt; que significa, de acuerdo al DRAE &quot;No tener dinero&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que dicha aleación de metal para acuñar monedas tendría un color metálico (dorado o plateado) antes que blancuzco, por mucho que brillase. De hecho &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=P5EvCf8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metálico&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (o &quot;dinero en metálico&quot;) se usa tanto para elementos de moneda que no son de papel como para decir &quot;en efectivo&quot; (puedes decir que tienes dinero &quot;en metálico&quot; aunque solo tengas un billete), cosa que tiene cierto sentido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no es tan evidente cuando hablamos de color blanco y dinero. Las monedas son metálicas y los billetes, aunque suelen ser de distintos colores según el país emisor, no suelen ser blancos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde viene esta locución &quot;estar sin blanca&quot;? ¿Cómo se relaciona el &quot;blanco&quot; con dinero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-06T19:07:03.627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T19:46:28.993" Title="¿Por qué le decimos coloquialmente que “estamos sin blanca” cuando no tenemos dinero?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27975" CreationDate="2018-12-05T19:32:04.257" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Locura doesn't have the negative connotation in Spanish like in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE defines &lt;code&gt;locura&lt;/code&gt; as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acción que, por su carácter anómalo, causa sorpresa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its translation would be : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action that, due to its anomalous nature, causes surprise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this aspect I would translate &lt;em&gt;locura&lt;/em&gt; to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;eccentricity&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;eccentricities&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=NYYDU9d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=NYYDU9d&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-06T14:02:38.213" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T14:02:38.213" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27994" CreationDate="2018-12-05T22:21:11.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario de la Lengua actual recoge como acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5eNsBBo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;blanca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;22. f. Moneda de vellón, que según los tiempos tuvo diferentes valores.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1726) explica el origen del nombre y da distintas equivalencias con el valor del maravedí según la época (énfasis mio):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BLANCA. s. f. Monéda de vellón, que el P. Mariana es de sentir se llamó assi &lt;strong&gt;por la blancúra del metál de que se fabricaba&lt;/strong&gt;. Don Diego de Covarrubias en su tratado de monédas, cap. 5. num. 8. resuelve que en tiempo del Rey Don Alonso XI. &lt;strong&gt;tres blancas componían un maravedí&lt;/strong&gt; de los que entonces llamaban viejos. Este valór se alteró segun la mas, ò menos calidád del vellón de que se componían. Los Reyes Cathólicos mandaron labrar diez quentos de vellón en blancas el año de 1497. y que &lt;strong&gt;dos de ellas valiessen un maravedí&lt;/strong&gt;. Lo mismo mandó (en quanto al valór) el Rey Phelipe II. año de 1566. y aunque el año de 1602. &lt;strong&gt;llegó à valer cada blanca lo mismo que un maravedí&lt;/strong&gt; por la subída de la monéda, como dice el Licenciado Alonso Carranza en su ajustamiento de monédas, part. 2. cap. 3. Despues con la baxa volvió à valer cada maravedí dos blancas como de antes: y assi &lt;strong&gt;por blanca se entiende oy comunmente la mitád de un maravedí&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://elsexagenario.blogspot.com/2011/12/curiosidades-del-siglo-xvi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;elsexagenario.blogspot.com&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; hacen un cálculo aproximado del valor equivalente con el euro de un maravedí de los siglos XV y XVI. Sus conclusiones son:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Año 1480: 1 maravedí = 16 euros.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Año 1610: 1 maravedí = 0,2 euros.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Considerando ahora la equivalencia maravedí / blanca que recoge el Diccionario de Autoridades, tenemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finales del siglo XV: 2 blancas = 1 maravedí = 16 euros, por lo que &lt;strong&gt;1 blanca =  8 euros&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Principios del siglo XVII: &lt;strong&gt;1 blanca&lt;/strong&gt; = 1 maravedí &lt;strong&gt;= 0,2 euros&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En conclusión: la &lt;strong&gt;blanca&lt;/strong&gt; era una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;moneda de poco valor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, llamada así &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;por la blancura del color del metal de que se fabricaba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, y el no tener ni una blanca (&lt;em&gt;estar sin blanca&lt;/em&gt;) es &lt;em&gt;no tener (nada) de dinero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-06T19:46:28.993" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T19:46:28.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28063" CreationDate="2018-12-05T23:41:45.660" Score="4" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;La tercera acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OVFrDJP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;martillo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. Cruz de la Orden de San Juan, quitado el brazo derecho.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción, según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt;, aparece ya en la edición de 1803 del Diccionario de la Lengua, como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cruz de la religión de San Juan, quitado el brazo derecho.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_de_Malta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, la &lt;strong&gt;Orden de San Juan&lt;/strong&gt; es la &lt;strong&gt;Orden de Malta&lt;/strong&gt;, y su cruz, de nuevo según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_de_Malta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, tiene este aspecto: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UVZcj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UVZcj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no acabo de ver la relación entre una &lt;strong&gt;cruz&lt;/strong&gt; y el martillo, por qué la relación es precisamente con la de la &lt;strong&gt;Orden de San Juan&lt;/strong&gt; y no con otra cruz, y por qué hay que quitar precisamente &lt;strong&gt;el brazo derecho&lt;/strong&gt; de la cruz (y no el izquierdo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-17T07:46:22.323" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T07:48:22.513" Title="¿Por qué &quot;martillo&quot; es &quot;Cruz de la Orden de San Juan, quitado el brazo derecho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27974" CreationDate="2018-12-06T11:57:09.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I don't understand why you tend to discard the words that I think that are fittest.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Gaze&lt;/strong&gt; seems a good choice to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PM4mGrz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mirada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Acción y efecto de mirar. [&lt;strong&gt;Action&lt;/strong&gt; related to the verb &lt;strong&gt;to look at&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Vistazo, ojeada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Modo de mirar, expresión de los ojos. [&lt;strong&gt;How you look at&lt;/strong&gt; something or &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing explicitly romantic in the definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/gaze&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocabulary.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When someone lays eyes on you and keeps looking, it is a &lt;strong&gt;gaze&lt;/strong&gt; or a stare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gaze is both a verb and a noun. When people daydream, they often gaze&#xA;off into the distance without focusing on anything. Another type of&#xA;gaze, though, is to look very intently at something, as when you gaze&#xA;at the sky making pictures out of clouds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And according to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/gaze&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gaze&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [verb]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to look at&lt;/strong&gt; something or &lt;strong&gt;someone&lt;/strong&gt; for a long time, especially in surprise or &lt;strong&gt;admiration&lt;/strong&gt;, or because you are thinking about something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, &lt;strong&gt;gaze&lt;/strong&gt; as noun represents the action of the verb to gaze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo olvidar tu &lt;strong&gt;mirada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is usually understood in a poetic or romantic sense as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cómo olvidar cómo me mirabas intensamente con los ojos llenos de amor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which we can translate to English as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could I forget your &lt;strong&gt;gaze&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could I forget how you gaze at me so intensily and full of love&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that both suggested explanations, in Spanish and in English, &lt;strong&gt;are not explicitly&lt;/strong&gt; set in the original sentence. The author leaves to the audience freedom to imagine what he really meant just with &lt;strong&gt;tu mirada / your gaze&lt;/strong&gt;, because it can also mean in both languages that the speaker liked how the eyes of her loved one looked when she was daydreaming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your eyes&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;the look in your eyes&lt;/strong&gt; does not reflect the original phrase [explicit] but your interpretation [implicit]. It's not a translation, it's an explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T08:34:58.817" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T08:34:58.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28004" CreationDate="2018-12-07T01:02:49.513" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;This passage from Tom Sawyer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—You followed him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿La seguiste tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... seems to indicate that Indian Joe is a woman, because it uses &amp;quot;La&amp;quot; - right? I don't know Spanish that well, so I could be wrong (probably am); but why would &amp;quot;La&amp;quot; be used here and, if this translation &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; wrong, what should it be instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some context on the passage, here it is with the precieding sentence prepended:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Oh yes! Why, it seems 'bout a year ago. It was that very night that I follered Injun Joe to the widder's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—You followed him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Es verdad! Parece que ya hace años de eso. Fue la noche en que fui siguiendo a Joe el Indio hasta la casa de la viuda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿La seguiste tú?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T08:42:23.820" Title="Why is a man apparently referred to as feminine when translating &quot;You followed him?&quot; as &quot;¿La seguiste tú?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-07T01:05:06.270" Score="2" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder about the translation of this passage from Tom Sawyer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earnest, Huck -- just as earnest as ever I was in my life. Will you go in there with me and help get it out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— En serio, Huck. En mi vida hablé más en serio. ¿Quieres venir a la cueva y ayudarme a sacarlo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that maybe &amp;quot;En mi vida no hablé más en serio&amp;quot; instead. Or perhaps &amp;quot;No hablé en mi vida más en serio&amp;quot; or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I wrong? It seems to be saying, &amp;quot;I have spoken more seriously in my life&amp;quot; when it should be more like, &amp;quot;I have never spoken more seriously in my life.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T08:45:14.700" Title="Is you is or is you ain't negative?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-12-07T18:01:31.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28003" CreationDate="2018-12-07T01:08:27.830" Score="3" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder about the translation of this passage from Tom Sawyer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each lad had an income, now, that was simply prodigious -- a dollar for every week-day in the year and half of the Sundays. It was just what the minister got -- no, it was what he was promised -- he generally couldn't collect it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cada uno de ellos tenía ahora una renta que era simplemente prodigiosa: un dólar por cada día de entre semana durante todo el año, y medio los domingos. Era precisamente lo mismo que el pastor ganaba...; es decir, no era precisamente lo que le habían prometido, aunque nunca conseguía recaudarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't this part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir, &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; era precisamente lo que le habían prometido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...instead be translated like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir, era precisamente lo que le habían prometido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(without the &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T08:44:11.710" Title="Shouldn't this be the reverse (by deleting the &quot;no&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2018-12-07T01:41:01.613" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a mistake in the Spanish translation, but it's not the one you think it is. In this part of the text it's as if the narrator were an actual speaker telling a tale. The narrator says something (&quot;It was just what the minister got&quot;), then realizes he was wrong, so he says &quot;no&quot; (he could have said &quot;well&quot; or &quot;well, actually no&quot;, etc.) and then corrects himself: &quot;it was what he was promised&quot;, and clarifies why these two things are not the same: &quot;he generally couldn't collect it&quot;. The sentence works the same in a proper Spanish translation. The Spanish &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; is here the same as the English &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; when opposed to &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;; it's not the equivalent of English &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would translate the relevant sentence like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era precisamente lo mismo que el pastor ganaba... No, era lo que le habían prometido; generalmente no conseguía recaudarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could change the punctuation a bit, and you could also add &lt;em&gt;aunque&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;even though&quot;) and &lt;em&gt;de hecho&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;in fact&quot;) to make it flow better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era precisamente lo mismo que el pastor ganaba... No, de hecho era lo que le habían prometido, aunque generalmente no conseguía recaudarlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T01:41:01.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28000" CreationDate="2018-12-07T01:44:11.143" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, in &lt;em&gt;¿La seguiste tú?&lt;/em&gt;, the pronoun &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; refers undoubtedly to someone (or something) of the feminine grammatical gender. In this case, the text is about following a person, so it should be a woman. It must be a mistake, either a translation mistake or a typo (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T01:44:11.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18036" CreationDate="2018-12-07T19:11:39.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;aqui me apreciacion de la palabra Pichiruchi..... Para empezar no se la fecha de que se utiliza esta palabra, pero entiendo que ...&quot;Pichiruchi&quot; es una palabra que suele darse al muchacho o joven mozolbete, pero en forma ciertamente despectiva, insignificante, de poca experiencia en cierta forma, pero la conozco mas de 70 años, aqui en Breña, Lima, Perú.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20711" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T19:11:39.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26668" CreationDate="2018-12-08T10:32:08.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Amocar&quot; parece ser una palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.glosbe.com/gl/es/amocar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gallega&lt;/a&gt; con el significado de &quot;fastidiar&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Amocar&quot; aparece en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://mas.lne.es/diccionario/palabra/36351&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario General de la Lengua Asturiana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; con las acepciones de &quot;Perjudicar, fastidiar&quot; y &quot;“Birlarle a uno las pesetas tontamente” &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no figura &quot;amocar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NTLLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solo aparece &quot;amocar&quot; en el Diccionario de Rodríguez y Navas (1918): &lt;em&gt;Galicia&lt;/em&gt;. Enfadar, disgustar, apenar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CORDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no aparece &quot;amocar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CREA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no aparece &quot;amocar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fichero general de la RAE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparecen  8 fichas al buscar &quot;amocar&quot;: una referente a un tipo de gusano, cinco hacen referencia a &quot;sonarse los mocos&quot; y dos citan a Emilia García Cotorruelo (&lt;em&gt;Estudios sobre el habla de Cartagena y su comarca&lt;/em&gt;, 1959); el significado que se da a &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_A/LETRA_A_PDF/AMOCAR/00000537.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amocar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en éstas es &quot;Doblar el cuerpo apoyando las manos en las rodillas para aguantar el peso de los que saltan&quot; (Cartagena y extramuros).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras páginas de internet dedicadas a expresiones de Cartagena también figura:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ar-ar.facebook.com/MICHIRONES.CARTAGENEROS/posts/expresiones-cartagenerasa-a-coscoletas-expresi%C3%B3n-de-subir-a-un-ni%C3%B1o-a-la-espalda/10151398358284913/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michirones Cartageneros&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Amocar: En un juego infantil, por ejemplo el escondite, aquel que le toca contar y buscar.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cartagenadelevante.com/2015/03/18/chapullete-2/#more-2159&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cartagena de levante&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;AMOCAR: Tocar la peor parte de inicio o sorteo en los juegos infantiles.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bastedm.es.tl/Expresiones-tipicas-cartageneras.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Expresiones típicas cartageneras&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;AMOCAR: En un juego infantil como el escondite, aquel que le toca contar y buscar.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amocar&lt;/strong&gt; sí existe en otras lenguas (gallego, asturiano) pero con significados totalmente diferentes al buscado por el OP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Se ha utilizado como variante de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PSKd5Qg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mocar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;Sonar y limpiar los mocos.&quot;) en otra zonas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tiene / tenía un uso muy circunscrito a Cartagena con la acepción que el OP señala (&quot;Tocar la peor parte de inicio o sorteo en los juegos infantiles.&quot;, &quot;En un juego infantil, aquel que le toca contar y buscar.&quot;) y quizás su origen proceda de la definición recogida en las fichas del Fichero General de la RAE referentes a los &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_A/LETRA_A_PDF/AMOCAR/00000537.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estudios sobre el habla de Cartagena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-06T11:24:12.403" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T11:24:12.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28011" CreationDate="2018-12-08T12:41:51.710" Score="4" ViewCount="380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was listening to one of Michael Thomas's Spanish tutorials and heard this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a veces se olvidan invitarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why 'olvidarse' is used here instead of 'olvidar'? Is it wrong to just say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a veces olvidan invitarme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20471" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-10T06:57:09.143" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T06:57:09.143" Title="Olvidar vs Olvidarse" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28010" CreationDate="2018-12-08T14:54:48.123" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: no, it's not wrong to say &lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; without &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;. There's a mistake in your first example, but it's not that. Keep reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of answers to this question already in this site, but surprisingly it seems there's not one &lt;strong&gt;specifically&lt;/strong&gt; about this one verb in this usage. &lt;em&gt;Olvidar&lt;/em&gt; has a plain form and a so-called pronominal form (cited as &lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/896/14627&quot;&gt;Both mean the same&lt;/a&gt;, but they're not directly interchangeable. You would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A veces olvidan invitarme.&lt;/em&gt; (plain form, verb + infinitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if not you must say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A veces &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; olvidan &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; invitarme.&lt;/em&gt; (pronominal form, verb + &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; + infinitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or else&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A veces &lt;strong&gt;se les&lt;/strong&gt; olvida invitarme.&lt;/em&gt; (double pronominal form, verb + infinitive)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(subject)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;olvida&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(direct object)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(subject)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;se olvida&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(direct object)&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(subject)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;se olvida&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;de algo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(complement)&lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A él&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(indirect object)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;se le&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(indirect object)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;em&gt;olvida&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(subject)&lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (1) you simply use the verb as a plain transitive verb, the subject is the person who forgets and the direct object is the thing forgotten. In (2) it's the same, but the verb becomes pronominal (the reflexive pronoun is added); you can't use this with an infinitive as the object, though. In (3) the verb becomes intransitive but the thing forgotten is expressed as a complement with the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;. In (4) things become a bit more complicated: the person that forgets becomes the indirect object and the thing forgotten becomes the subject! This is a bit like what happens with &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, but fortunately there's an exact parallel in English: when you say, for example, &quot;Your meaning escapes me&quot;. There's also another parallel in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;Se me ocurre (una idea)&lt;/em&gt;, literally &quot;An idea occurs to me&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The meaning of the four structures is exactly the same, but at least in my experience the pronominal forms are more informal and show more involvement of the subject. In my dialect (I'm from Argentina), no-one ever says &lt;em&gt;olvidar algo&lt;/em&gt;; it's always &lt;em&gt;olvidarse [de] algo&lt;/em&gt;, except in very formal contexts. I don't know about other regional dialects of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: I've added a fourth pattern (&lt;em&gt;olvidarse algo&lt;/em&gt;) for the sake of completeness, even though it's not applicable to this question because it cannot be used with infinitives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-09T23:10:04.637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-09T23:10:04.637" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28018" CreationDate="2018-12-10T07:18:52.253" Score="3" ViewCount="756" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición de &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; según el DLE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UxdCUVe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quizá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ant. &lt;em&gt;quiçab[e]&lt;/em&gt;, y este alterac. de &lt;em&gt;qui sabe&lt;/em&gt; 'quién sabe'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Denota la posibilidad de que ocurra o sea cierto lo que se expresa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la palabra &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; se usa para hablar de hechos no contrastados, de sucesos probables, luego es terreno propicio para el uso del subjuntivo. De hecho dos de los ejemplos que da el diccionario son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quizá llueva mañana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Quizá sea verdad lo que dice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La locución adverbial &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=biPx6YF#AO4e3SY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tal vez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, sinónima de &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;, también lo usa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tal vez llueva mañana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tal vez sea verdad lo que dice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, y tal y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=mejor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;como dice el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A diferencia de sus equivalentes &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;tal vez&lt;/em&gt;, que normalmente llevan el verbo en subjuntivo (aunque también admitan su uso con indicativo), &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OnhZjCP#822Vg2y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OnhZjCP#Dd7gYNB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a la mejor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; llevan siempre el verbo en indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, aunque &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; equivalga a las dos anteriores, tenemos que decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A lo mejor llueve mañana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A lo mejor es verdad lo que dice.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tiene de especial esta locución adverbial para que impida el uso del verbo en subjuntivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T13:45:59.897" Title="¿Por qué &quot;quizá&quot; puede llevar el verbo en subjuntivo pero &quot;a lo mejor&quot; no?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28013" CreationDate="2018-12-10T12:06:57.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una pregunta muy interesante. Mi explicación es la siguiente. Tanto &amp;quot;quizá&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;tal vez&amp;quot;, usados con subjuntivo, vienen a significar &lt;code&gt;es posible que&lt;/code&gt;, y por tanto, al hablar de posibilidades, rigen un subjuntivo es muchos casos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque como bien dices, no siempre utilizan subjuntivo, y es sencillo encontrar ejemplos con indicativo. En esos casos, &amp;quot;quizá&amp;quot; significa lo mismo que &amp;quot;a lo mejor&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y es que, tal como yo lo veo, &amp;quot;a lo mejor&amp;quot;, o &amp;quot;en el mejor de los casos&amp;quot;, son expresiones que introducen &lt;strong&gt;una opinión&lt;/strong&gt;, y eso es una afirmación cierta, un hecho, luego llevan indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más bien, afirman que hay una posibilidad. Por lo tanto es una afirmación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá llueva = es posible que llueva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lo mejor llueve = el hecho de que llueva &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; una posibilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T12:06:57.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12689" CreationDate="2018-12-10T12:26:12.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me permito aclarar la duda, parce o parcero no es propiamente un insulto pero si nos incomoda mucho a algunas personas que vivimos en el exterior Cuando al escuchar nuestro acento colombiano nos dicen: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahhh, usted es parcera o parcero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por el hecho de ser Colombiana o Colombiano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso particular odio que me digan &lt;em&gt;parcera&lt;/em&gt; aún siendo yo de Medellín de donde nació el término “callejero” y el que con el paso del tiempo se ha popularizado especialmente entre los hombres jóvenes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi caso y en el de muchos Colombianos NO LO USAMOS y es por esa razón, que nos incomoda que pongan como sinónimo de Colombiano el &lt;em&gt;parcero&lt;/em&gt; o parcera. NO no somos parceros, somos COLOMBIANOS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, como Colombiana, siempre pongo el siguiente ejemplo, si usted ve novelas o películas de narcos o prepagos, siempre escuchará en ese grupo de personas la palabra parce o parcero, por ejemplo en: Rosario tijeras, la vendedora de rosas, o todas estas series de narcos más contemporáneas, sin embargo en novelas como Betty la fea, Pedro el escamoso, La ley del silencio, entre otras que sí muestran más nuestra verdadera cultura, JAMÁS SE ESCUCHA parce o parcero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo como mujer opino que son palabras populares y provenientes de la cultura delincuencial de Medellín que con el tiempo se han ido mal incorporando en la cultura de un grupo de personas en Antioquia y algunas otras ciudades y regiones del país y que con aprobación y difusión de Algunos artistas como Juanes que primero fue Metalero antes de cantar lo que canta ahora, se ha ido popularizando más en la gente joven, por esta razón JAMÁS escucharán a una persona adulta un poco mayor o a una persona con cierto nivel de preparación académica, hablar de esta manera&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusión: parcero o parce no es sinónimo de colombiano, son palabras que se han ido metiendo en la cultura de un muy marcado grupo de colombianos que no nos generalizan o no nos identifican a TODOS, así que si NO eres colombiano mi humilde opinión es que no trates a todos los colombianos de “parceros o parces” por respeto a menos que previamente se lo escuches a “ese colombiano” porque a muchos otros estos términos no nos insultan pero si nos incomodan ya que no hacen parte de nuestra verdadera cultura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20723" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-11T15:14:37.700" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T15:14:37.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28019" CreationDate="2018-12-10T13:41:23.070" Score="1" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el sitio web &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/disimulo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/disimulo&lt;/a&gt;, encontré la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acción o actitud del que disimula, del que intenta que no se note lo que realmente hace, siente, piensa, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por desgracia no entiendo &quot;del que&quot; en esta oración. Sospecho que el artículo definido en &quot;del que&quot; (= &quot;de el que&quot;) indica un sujeto indefinido, así que la frase anterior se la podría reformular algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acción o actitud de uno (o de alguien o de la persona) que disimula...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no encontré tal explicación de &quot;del que&quot; en la web. Solo encontré ejemplos en los que el artículo definido se refiere al nombre antecedente, como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mujer de la que te hablo es famosa. o El dinero del que dispone el banco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que estas explicaciones no pueden aplicarse a la oración anterior porque&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tanto &quot;acción&quot; como &quot;aptitud&quot; son sustantivos femeninos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;disimular&quot; no lleva un complemento preposicional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la oración no tendría un sujeto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues, ¿es correcto que el artículo definido &quot;el&quot; se usa a veces como sujeto indefinido? Dicho sea de paso que &quot;la&quot; tendría más sentido para mí porque &quot;la persona&quot; es femenina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20724" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T16:18:05.910" Title="Artículo definido, &quot;el&quot;, como sujeto indefinido" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28013" CreationDate="2018-12-10T13:45:59.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta que la premisa de la que parto en la pregunta, extraída del DPD, se centra en el español europeo. Al respecto del uso de &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; con los modos indicativo y subjuntivo, la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; española &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SuQdyOjJRzFVoPoB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;25.14n&lt;/strong&gt; La locución adverbial &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; se construye asimismo con ambos modos, si bien alcanza más extensión el indicativo que el subjuntivo [...]. La proporción de los usos con subjuntivo es ligeramente mayor en el español americano que en el europeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cita los siguientes ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A lo mejor no sepa cómo insurgió Caldera a la vida política.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A lo mejor se hubiera muerto ya desde hace rato.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A lo mejor lo hubiera apartado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último comenta que la variante &lt;em&gt;a la mejor&lt;/em&gt;, usada en el español oral de México, se construye casi siempre con indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, como respuesta decir que no es que la locución &lt;em&gt;a lo mejor&lt;/em&gt; no admita el subjuntivo, sino que permite ambos modos. Simplemente en el uso la forma con indicativo se ha extendido hasta el punto de que usarlo con subjuntivo puede &quot;sonar raro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T13:45:59.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28017" CreationDate="2018-12-10T14:09:41.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En realidad, cuando dices &lt;em&gt;«acción o actitud del que disimula»&lt;/em&gt;, el sujeto de la oración subordinada es &lt;em&gt;el que&lt;/em&gt;; la palabra &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; es un pronombre relativo que en estos casos debe ir precedido por un artículo. El género del artículo será&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;masculino (&lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt;), si nos referimos a algo o alguien de género masculino (un varón, un animal macho, un objeto de género gramatical masculino), o bien si no sabemos de qué sexo/género es, ya que el masculino es el género por defecto;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;femenino (&lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt;), si nos referimos a algo o alguien (generalmente ya nombrado antes) de género gramatical femenino;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;neutro (&lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;), si nos referimos a abstracciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, si se trata de más de una persona u objeto usaremos las formas en plural (&lt;em&gt;los que, las que&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El que&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;la que&lt;/em&gt; pueden reemplazarse por &lt;em&gt;quien&lt;/em&gt; si se trata de personas; &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; puede también cambiarse (a veces) por &lt;em&gt;cual&lt;/em&gt;. En plural esto es &lt;em&gt;quienes&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cuales&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente. El artículo se puede reemplazar también, por &lt;em&gt;aquel&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;aquella&lt;/em&gt; en femenino, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;em&gt;«acción o actitud del que disimula»&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;del que&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;de + el que&lt;/em&gt;. La preposición &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt; no es parte de la subordinada, sino que relaciona el sujeto de la misma (&lt;em&gt;el que disimula&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;la persona que disimula&quot;) con &lt;em&gt;acción o actitud&lt;/em&gt;. Así como decimos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la acción d&lt;strong&gt;el ejército&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la actitud de &lt;strong&gt;tu hermano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;podemos decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la acción d&lt;strong&gt;el que disimula&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;la actitud d&lt;strong&gt;el que intenta que no se note lo que piensa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-10T16:18:05.910" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T16:18:05.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2018-12-10T14:47:35.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puede tutearme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to ask the person to use tu form with you (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedes tutearme?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to ask the person to use tu form with you (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Puedo tutearle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to ask the person if you can use the tu form with him/her (formal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20726" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-10T14:55:39.983" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T14:55:39.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-10T15:55:06.553" Score="0" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sé que esta expresión se usa cuando alguien necesita usar el baño, pero no entiendo porque. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es la traducción literal ‘I’m going to carry/charge/load’?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20727" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-10T16:42:15.380" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T16:52:26.390" Title="¿Cuál es la traducción literal de ‘me voy a cargar’?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28021" CreationDate="2018-12-10T16:17:54.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hola bueno yo nativo en el idioma español esta expresion: &lt;strong&gt;‘me voy a cargar’?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;la podria usar para diferentes cosas por ejemplo podria siginifcar que voy a obtener energia para hacer alguna tarea, por ejemplo se podria decir  algo asi:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hello well I am native in the language spanish this expression &lt;strong&gt;‘me voy a cargar’?&lt;/strong&gt; I could use in different something for example could meaning that I will going to get power for do some homework, for example I could use some this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me voy a cargar de energia para hacer mi tarea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I will going to get power for do my homework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;me voy a cargar a ese hombre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I will kill that man&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15197" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T16:17:54.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28021" CreationDate="2018-12-10T16:27:04.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The literal translation of &quot;me voy a cargar&quot; is what you suspected where &lt;strong&gt;cargar&lt;/strong&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;load, charge or carry&lt;/strong&gt; but that is not the intended meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Announcing you are going to the bathroom is not the nicest thing and announcing that your are going there to do number 2 is even less nice. It is too much information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So people that still want to do the no very nice announcement,  mask a little bit the sentence and use &quot;me voy a ca&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;gar&quot; but the real sentence would be &quot;me voy a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6cdswLQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cagar&lt;/a&gt;&quot; meaning &quot;I'm going to the bathroom to poop&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not advice you to use either sentence. Instead you could use more &quot;educated&quot; sentences like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Necesito usar el baño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy al baño  / Voy a ir al baño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These sentences give &quot;enough&quot; information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-10T16:52:26.390" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T16:52:26.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28024" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28026" CreationDate="2018-12-10T18:16:11.200" Score="2" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;He llegado a un punto donde domino bastante bien el castellano, pero quiero aumentar mi vocabulario avanzado.  Sé perfectamente que la mejor manera hacerlo es leer y buscar las palabras no conocidas en un diccionario.  Pero me gustaría algo más sistemático: una app, una página web, etc, que me oblique a aprender las palabras.  Estoy buscando recursos para un vocabulario de nivel avanzado -- hay muchas apps, por ejemplo, para un vocabulario de nivel básico, pero no he encontrado nada para el nivel avanzado.  Hace algún tiempo tuve una app de MemWords que era bastante bien, pero está diseñada para el iPhone, que no tengo ahora. Si hay un libro bueno que permita ampliar mi vocabulario está bien, pero no he tenido mucho éxito con libros de vocabulario, ya que consisten, más o menos, en listas que deben memorizarse: es una idea buena pero que resulta, al fin y al cabo, un poco aburrido, por tanto estoy buscando algo más &quot;dinámico&quot;.  Gracias por cualquier sugerencia!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T20:44:23.440" Title="¿Hay recursos buenos para ampliar el vocabulario español avanzado?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-12-11T02:54:20.397" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28024" CreationDate="2018-12-10T20:09:44.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te sugiero leas publicaciones especializadas, (tales como articulos cientificos, libros universitarios, carteles de ponencias), de preferencia relacionados con tu disciplina o area del conocimiento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es muy probable que te consigas muchas palabras nuevas que enriqueceran tu vocabulario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buena suerte!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14181" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T20:09:44.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28024" CreationDate="2018-12-10T20:44:23.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay una aplicación llamada AnkiDroid que se basa en tarjetas que contienen una palabra/expresión/oración en un idioma y su traducción a otro idioma. La frecuencia con la que te sale cada tarjeta depende de tu facilidad para memorizarla, que tú seleccionas una vez destapas la tarjeta. De esta manera practicas las palabras que te cuestan más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay barajas compartidas (shared decks) online, pero si tu nivel es muy avanzado puede que no encuentres ninguna a tu gusto. Pero puedes hacerte tus propias barajas, y las cartas no tienen por qué contener la traducción a otro idioma si no quieres. Puedes poner la información que quieras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo tanto, yo te recomiendo que sigas leyendo textos avanzados y que te hagas una baraja con las palabras difíciles que vayas encontrando. Si consigues añadir nuevas cartas y las repasas de manera sistemática, adquirirás mucho vocabulario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20730" LastActivityDate="2018-12-10T20:44:23.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28035" CreationDate="2018-12-10T23:21:33.690" Score="6" ViewCount="387" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone with a background in journalism or some similar field will have been introduced to the phrase &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=layout%20and%20design&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2018&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Clayout%20and%20design%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;layout and design&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; a phrase I am having difficulty finding a good, solid, standard Spanish translation for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is this phrase typically translated by experts in the field? Bonus points for anyone who can also recommend a good glossary or dictionary of terms used in the field of publishing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Addendum:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was asked to provide more context or specific examples.  To be honest, I didn't really have any in mind.  I just kind of wanted a general, basic, standard translation for the phrase &quot;layout and design.&quot;  I suppose if I were to provide examples of what I had in mind, these would suffice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;the layout and design of a website&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;an updated layout and design&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... the layout and design is better than the writing.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/Article/Index/62729&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CN publishes its own history book&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; &lt;em&gt;Cherokee Phoenix&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;... the layout and design may look slightly different on other operating systems.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ghacks.net/2018/09/05/how-to-restore-the-old-google-chrome-design/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to restore the old Google Chrome design&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; &lt;em&gt;ghacks.net&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, I was referring to publishing of some sort and not, for example, the &quot;layout and design&quot; of a home or building.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things have changed a lot since I first learned of the phrase &quot;layout and design.&quot;  My initial exposure to it came from this book here ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/xLJW3ix.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Though I couldn't find a bookseller that allowed a preview of this book, you can purchase it via Amazon and the link to it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0813812259&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;… but when I first drafted this question, I don't think I necessarily had &lt;em&gt;newspaper&lt;/em&gt; layout and design in mind.  During the past couple of decades the concept of &quot;layout and design&quot; for newspapers has really kind of become synonymous with the layout and design of a web page, a medium upon which so many &quot;newspapers&quot; are now found.  In English, we use the same phrase for both.  We also use this same phrase — layout and design — for houses and buildings.  Is this true of Spanish, too?  Or does the terminology used depend on the setting (e.g., print publishing, websites, construction, …)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se traduce &quot;layout and design&quot; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cualquiera con conocimientos de periodismo o campos similares conoce la frase &quot;layout and design,&quot; una frase de la que me está resultando laborioso encontrar una buena traducción y una que se considere estándar del sector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Normalmente cómo se traduce esta frase por expertos en el ámbito de la publicación?  Y, puntos de bonificación en forma de mi gratitud para alguien que pueda recomendarme un buen glosario o diccionario de términos utilizados en el ámbito de la publicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suplemento:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pidieron más contexto o ejemplos específicos.  Para ser honesta, en realidad no tenía ninguna en cuenta.  Simplemente quería una traducción estándar, general y básica para la frase &quot;layout and design.&quot;  Supongo que si tuviera que dar ejemplos de lo que tenía en mente, estos serían suficientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claramente, me refería a publicación de algún tipo y no, por ejemplo, el &quot;layout and design&quot; de una casa o un edificio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las cosas han cambiado mucho desde que me enteré de &quot;layout and design&quot;.  Mi exposición inicial vino de este libro aquí ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Véanse arriba en la sección inglesa.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aunque no pude encontrar una librería que ofrezca una vista previa de este libro, puede enconrarse en Amazon y el enlace está &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0813812259&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... pero inicialmente, no creo que tuviera en mente &quot;layout and design&quot; para un periódico, per se.  Durante las últimas dos décadas, el concepto de &quot;layout and design&quot; para periódicos realmente han pasado a ser un poco sinónimo con el &quot;layout and design&quot; de una página web, un medio en que tantos periódicos se encuentran hoy.  En inglés, usamos la misma frase para un diario de papel así como para un sitio web.  También, usamos la misma frase — layout and design — para casas y edificios.  ¿Es esto verdad en español también?  O, ¿depende la terminología usada del escenario (p. ej., la publicación tradicional de prensa, sitios web, obras de la construcción, ...)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-13T15:33:21.813" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:45:02.993" Title="How is &quot;layout and design&quot; translated into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28027" CreationDate="2018-12-11T06:47:41.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy un experto en diseño gráfico, aunque algo he tocado y tengo amigos y gente conocida que sí se dedican a ello. Creo que el término que buscas es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;diagramación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;maquetación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maquetaci%C3%B3n_(edici%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;diagramación&lt;/strong&gt;, también llamada a veces &lt;em&gt;maquetación&lt;/em&gt;, es un oficio del diseño editorial que se encarga de organizar en un espacio contenidos escritos, visuales y, en algunos casos, audiovisuales (multimedia) en medios impresos y electrónicos, como libros, diarios y revistas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo personalmente he oído más (aquí en España) el término &lt;em&gt;maquetación&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la distribución del contenido de una publicación sobre las páginas del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a un glosario, desconozco dónde puede haber uno, aunque te recomiendo que leas el artículo de la Wikipedia que te enlazo y a partir de ahí vayas saltando a otros artículos para ir adquiriendo el vocabulario que necesites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T06:47:41.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28030" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-11T17:50:48.390" Score="8" ViewCount="2174" Body="&lt;p&gt;Existe una expresión coloquial que hace referencia a &amp;quot;no bajarse del burro&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;no reconocer el error&amp;quot; o no reconocer un punto de vista alternativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DRAE la recoge en &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6K7oz2e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la entrada de burro/a como&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;apear a alguien del burro, o de la burra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Convencerlo de su error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;apearse alguien del burro, o de la burra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Reconocer que ha errado en algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(nota, similares entradas hay para bajar/bajarse y caer/caerse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si en lugar de un burro fuera un caballo, esta expresión tendría un poco más de sentido, debido a su referencia a un pasaje bíblico. Me pregunto el porqué de que sea un burro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué relación guarda no querer bajarse de un &lt;em&gt;burro&lt;/em&gt; con no admitir o darse cuenta de un error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T22:15:29.410" Title="¿Por qué &quot;bajar/apear&quot; a alguien del burro es &quot;convencerlo de su error&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19750" CreationDate="2018-12-11T23:06:22.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina la palabra Gallego como se ha dicho antes no tiene a priori una connotación negativa o positiva. Recomiendo por ejemplo escuchar el tango Galleguita cantado por Gardel. Los de los cuentos de Gallegos como dijeron por ahí, son en realidad los chiste de Lepe muy famosos en España, que seguramente fueron introducidos por los Españoles inmigrantes y de ahí que se les denomine Chistes de Gallegos. La cuestión de usar el término gallego para referirse al Español no esta clara, pero parecer ser bien antigua, hay algún discurso del Gral San Mar†ín en la década del 10 del siglo xix, que denomina Gallegos a las tropas españolas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20738" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T23:06:22.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28030" CreationDate="2018-12-12T10:58:27.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestamente, creo que la explicación es mucho más mundana. Resulta que el burro, a diferencia del caballo, tiene unas orejas largas que caen hacia delante. Estas funcionan como anteojeras, de modo que el burro, se dice, solamente puede ver de frente y no a los lados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad sí que puede ver a los lados, pero es solamente el dicho popular. De hecho, se le colocan anteojeras para forzar que realmente sólo vea de frente. Dejo aquí la definición de DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;anteojera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. pl. En las guarniciones de las caballerías de tiro, piezas de vaqueta que caen junto a los ojos del animal, para que no vean por los&#xA;lados, sino de frente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. pl. Actitud mental o prejuicio que solo permite ver un aspecto limitado de la realidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y la acepción 3 lleva al a cuarta. Bajar a alguien del burro (que &amp;quot;sólo camina de frente&amp;quot;) para que pueda caminar hacia los lados (explorar otras opciones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: tampoco es cierto que el burro camine solo de frente. De hecho, es típico el chiste de que &amp;quot;para hacer una carretera por el monte, suelta a un burro, que lo hará mejor que el ingeniero&amp;quot; jaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="24236" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T12:31:12.073" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T12:31:12.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28027" CreationDate="2018-12-13T01:45:12.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Graphic Designer specializing in Web Design and Development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maquetación y Diseño&lt;/em&gt; is correct, mostly when using it in an editorial context. But be aware that, at least in Mexico, the word &lt;strong&gt;Maquetación&lt;/strong&gt; is a synonym for Front-End Development and in some cases it may not be made by the same person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &lt;strong&gt;Layout&lt;/strong&gt; is actually used in Spanish, and it can be used either to mean wire-frame, or a complete design proposal, &lt;strong&gt;just before the developer does any coding&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://definicion.de/layout/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;you can check the meaning at this link&lt;/a&gt;). So &quot;Diseño de layouts para Web&quot; is possible to use in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20743" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T04:45:02.993" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T04:45:02.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28027" CreationDate="2018-12-13T04:56:08.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to shamelessly answer my own question, even though I have no intention of awarding myself the green check mark.  I've decided to do this simply because I have some things to add that might be helpful to someone learning Spanish, and I suppose I'm concerned that simply adding some of it to a comment here and a comment there won't give the information I want to share the visibility that it would get if I just consolidated my comments in an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me first start by giving a little more background on the initial question I posted.  Earlier this week, I got to wondering about some of the jargon used in publishing, namely the phrase &amp;quot;layout and design.&amp;quot;  It's such a common phrase in English that I didn't think I'd have much trouble finding a translation of it in Spanish, but I soon discovered that it was a bit more complicated than just typing in the phrase at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=layout%20and%20design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/layout%20and%20design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tureng&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/spellcheck/english-spanish?q=layout%20and%20design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So then I got to thinking, &lt;em&gt;What does&#xA;&amp;quot;layout and design&amp;quot; really mean in English?&lt;/em&gt; Though &amp;quot;layout and design&amp;quot; can have subtleties in meaning depending on context, in publishing, it usually refers to &amp;quot;page layout&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;graphic design&amp;quot; — the graphic design of the page.  So, with this in mind, I attempted to find a good translation for &amp;quot;page layout&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;graphic design.&amp;quot;  This is what I got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diseño de página&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;diseño gráfico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Needless to say, it left me wanting something better because shortening this to &amp;quot;diseño y diseño&amp;quot; seemed just a bit redundant and short on meaning.  I suppose I didn't necessarily need to shorten these phrases, but I sensed that there was another word or phrase used for this concept.  So, I posted my question here and have read through answers posted through December 12, 2018. After doing so, I've come across four words that I want to devote just a wee bit more attention to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Maquetación&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Royal Academy&lt;/a&gt; provides this definition of it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acción y efecto de maquetar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=maquetar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maquetar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; means to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;layout, format, design, draft&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find it sometimes spelled as &amp;quot;maquetear.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maquetar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maquetar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; comes from &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maqueta#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maqueta&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (model or demo), which was borrowed from the Italian &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/macchietta#Italian&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;macchietta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, a word that can mean, among other things, &amp;quot;sketch&amp;quot; (little drawing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took the time to explore this word a bit and after doing so, it appears that this word can be used to mean &amp;quot;layout and design&amp;quot; or just &amp;quot;layout.&amp;quot;  From what I observed, it is a word often used to describe the layout of a page whether printed or electronic.  If you see it used in the same sentence with &amp;quot;diseño,&amp;quot; it is probably just referring to a page's layout.  To give you an example, below is the title of a book I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=f1HbAAAACAAJ&amp;amp;dq=dise%C3%B1o,%20maquetaci%C3%B3n%20y%20composici%C3%B3n:%20comprensi%C3%B3n%20y%20aplicaci%C3%B3n%20...&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj-oeX6_pvfAhUoiFQKHf6JA3gQ6AEIKjAA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diseño, maquetación y composición&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also has a very specific meaning in the field of information technology.  Please see LudovicoN's excellent answer for more details on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Diagramación&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I'll start off with a Royal Spanish Academy definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acción y efecto de diagramar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &amp;quot;diagramar&amp;quot; is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hacer el diagrama de algo, especialmente de una publicación.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to the Wikipedia page suggested by Charlie, whose answer is very good and worth reading, you will learn that &amp;quot;diagramación&amp;quot; redirects to Spanish Wikipedia's page for &amp;quot;maquetación&amp;quot; where it informs the reader that &amp;quot;maquetación&amp;quot; is sometimes used for &amp;quot;diagramación.&amp;quot;  This Google Ngram&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/AMf3aeY.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;seems to indicate that as well, but when referring to newspapers and books, specifically, it appears that there may be a slight preference for &amp;quot;maquetación.&amp;quot;  And when talking about the layout of a page, specifically, &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;ei=FtkRXMvvH4u-ggef4Zn4DA&amp;amp;q=%22maquetaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20p%C3%A1gina%22&amp;amp;oq=%22maquetaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20p%C3%A1gina%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3..33i299l3.24064.25931..26410...0.0..0.182.1853.0j12......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i7i30j0i30j0i8i7i30.AvQNNcH04Ic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maquetación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; seems to be far more preferred over &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;ei=H9kRXK3QDeOL_QaoxZeQDQ&amp;amp;q=%22diagramaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20p%C3%A1gina%22&amp;amp;oq=%22diagramaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20p%C3%A1gina%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3..33i299l3.24758.26629..26824...0.0..0.175.1717.0j12......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i7i30j0i30i19j0i8i7i30.OeUcLg8MUAM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diagramación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (like 500 times more common).  It shouldn't be surprising, then, that &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maquetaci%C3%B3n_(edici%C3%B3n)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Spanish Wikipedia page for &amp;quot;maquetación&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; has been translated as &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_layout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page layout&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; for English Wikipedia.  Oddly enough, there seems to be more of a preference for &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;ei=ENoRXMqEMuy1gge3nJTwDg&amp;amp;q=%22diagramaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20revista%22&amp;amp;oq=%22diagramaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20revista%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3..33i299l3.15392.16910..17233...0.0..0.166.1738.0j13......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i7i30j0i30i19j0i8i7i30.L_hd-LTs4SU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diagramación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; rather than &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;as_qdr=all&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;ei=A9oRXLfPCOu9ggfqno-4Aw&amp;amp;q=%22maquetaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20revista%22&amp;amp;oq=%22maquetaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20revista%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i30l2.9324.13659..14058...0.0..0.197.2396.0j18......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i7i30j0i7i5i30j0i10i30j0i19j0i8i30j0i8i10i30.xw78x3UlPqg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maquetación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; when referring to magazines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Disposición&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definition #9 of the Royal Spanish Academy's entry for &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DxgWzK0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;disposición&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; seems to have the closest association with what is being discussed in this thread:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colocación ordenada o distribución pertinente de los distintos elementos de una composición literaria.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't seem too far distant from the meaning of &amp;quot;layout and design,&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;disposición&amp;quot; is a word with a lot of different meanings and looks as if it is used for things &lt;em&gt;other than&lt;/em&gt; the layout of something intended for publishing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Diseño&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't necessarily say that &amp;quot;diseño&amp;quot; is a word with a lot of different meanings, but it is a less specific word than some of the others mentioned.  That said, definition #3 of the entry for &amp;quot;diseño&amp;quot; provided by the Royal Spanish Academy appears to be the best match for what is discussed in this thread:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Concepción original de un objeto u obra destinados a la producción en serie.  &lt;em&gt;Diseño gráfico, de modas, de industrial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, because this word is so much broader in meaning and can apply to so many different types of things, I would likely only use it if I were speaking in very general terms and probably wouldn't use it unless I wanted to say, specifically, &amp;quot;layout and design,&amp;quot; in which case, after looking at all of the suggestions in this thread here, I'd go with LudovicoN's suggestion — &lt;strong&gt;maquetación y diseño.&lt;/strong&gt;  If I needed to just refer to the layout, not the design, I'd opt for either &amp;quot;maquetación&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;diagramación.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T18:26:54.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12595" CreationDate="2018-12-13T07:52:02.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nowadays if you say &quot;Juan tiene gracia&quot; or &quot;Juan es gracioso&quot;, everybody will understand that Juan is a funny guy. But it wasn't always this way. Let's go back in time a couple of millennia...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Latin language the word &lt;em&gt;grātĭa&lt;/em&gt; meant, according to Lewis &amp;amp; Short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=gratia&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grātĭa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ae, f. gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II. &lt;em&gt;Favor which one shows to another, mark of favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;grātĭa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;favor&lt;/em&gt; were synonyms, and that explains why now you can say about a handsome person that they are both &lt;em&gt;agraciados&lt;/em&gt; (if they are handsome) and &lt;em&gt;favorecidos&lt;/em&gt; (if they look more handsome than usual). But let's keep on trace. As you see from the definition, the word could be used in a whole bunch of senses. For instance, you could show a &lt;em&gt;gratia&lt;/em&gt; by giving something to someone without expecting anything in return, and the other person could say that they have received something &lt;em&gt;gratiis&lt;/em&gt; (by &lt;em&gt;gratia&lt;/em&gt;), which gave today's &lt;em&gt;gratis&lt;/em&gt; (at no cost). And of course you say &lt;em&gt;gracias&lt;/em&gt; to express gratitude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were a graceful person you could say that you hace received a &lt;em&gt;gratia&lt;/em&gt; (by nature, by god, by whoever gave it to you). But also you could give someone a &lt;em&gt;gratia&lt;/em&gt; in many other ways. Let's move forward and see what Covarrubias (1611) says about the word. It stats by warning that it has many meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracia&lt;/em&gt;: it is the benefit we make or receive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estar en gracia&lt;/em&gt;: to have the favor of a lord. When you lose that favor you say &lt;em&gt;caer de su gracia&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;caer en desgracia&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dar gracia a algo&lt;/em&gt;: to make something with elegance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gracias&lt;/em&gt;: The indulgences of the pontiffs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Decir gracias&lt;/em&gt;: to kid someone cleverly and with discretion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also defines &lt;em&gt;gracioso&lt;/em&gt; as both to be handsome and as someone that &lt;em&gt;dice gracias&lt;/em&gt;. So the meaning of &lt;em&gt;telling jokes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;be funny&lt;/em&gt; was also present in the 17th century in Spain. But why? Because you could also have &lt;em&gt;gracia en hablar&lt;/em&gt; (to speak gracefully). In 1495 the Spanish-Latin dictionary by Antonio de Nebrija translates &lt;em&gt;gracia en hablar&lt;/em&gt; as &lt;em&gt;lepos, oris, lepiditas, atis&lt;/em&gt;. Following is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=lepor&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the definition&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;lepor&lt;/em&gt; (my bold):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I. &lt;em&gt;pleasantness, agreeableness, attractiveness, charm.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II. In partic.&#xA;  A. &lt;em&gt;Of behavior, pleasantness, grace, politeness, amiability&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B. &lt;em&gt;As a term of endearment&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  C. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Of speech, pleasantry, wit, humor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see an example of this usage in the following definition found in a book from the end of the 15th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ridiculum. li. neutro genero el donayre o la que dizen gracia que haze reyr o dar carcajada de risa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rodrigo Fernández de Santaella, &quot;Vocabulario eclesiástico&quot;, 1499 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So someone who spoke cleverly, with wit and humor was also someone graceful, with &lt;em&gt;gracia&lt;/em&gt;. As time went by this sense gained strength and besides we just have adopted other words to express that someone is handsome. We still use the word in expressions such as &lt;em&gt;hacer algo con gracia&lt;/em&gt; (used in this context maybe as synonym for &lt;em&gt;elegancia&lt;/em&gt;), but I would say that we use it mostly in other expressions like &lt;em&gt;tener gracia&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ser gracioso&lt;/em&gt; to express that someone or something is funny. Other old meanings of &lt;em&gt;gracia&lt;/em&gt; have been replaced with &lt;em&gt;favor&lt;/em&gt;, as in &lt;em&gt;tener el favor de alguien&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hacer un favor&lt;/em&gt;, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-13T08:19:42.603" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T08:19:42.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28041" CreationDate="2018-12-13T17:55:30.180" Score="1" ViewCount="2213" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27507/5481&quot;&gt;¿Se entiende en Hispanoamérica la expresión “no enterarse ni del nodo”?&lt;/a&gt; expliqué lo que era el No-Do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De No-Do®, marca registrada, acrónimo de &lt;em&gt;Noticiarios y Documentales&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las salas de cine de España entre 1943 y 1981, cortometraje documental que se exhibía antes de la proyección de las películas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y elaboraba un poco cómo pensaba yo que había llegado la expresión a tener tal significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluí una breve nota al pie de la pregunta, para explicar que tal origen era mera elucubración mía, sin contrastar con ninguna fuente, y no me sorprendió que en los comentarios otro usuario propusiera una teoría alternativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi modesta opinión, &amp;quot;no te enteras ni del Nodo&amp;quot; se refiere a que &lt;strong&gt;lo ponían antes de que comenzará la película&lt;/strong&gt;. No por su contenido. – roetnig&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien sacarnos de dudas sobre el asunto? ¿Está recogido en algún sitio cómo la expresión llegó a tener ese sentido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Pregunta adicional (*no merece la pena hacer una tercera pregunta relacionada con esto): tal y como ha evolucionado la expresión, debería escribirla como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No enterarse ni del &lt;strong&gt;nodo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No enterarse ni del &lt;em&gt;No-Do&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T09:53:35.417" Title="¿Por qué decimos que alguien “no se entera ni del nodo” para decir que no se entera de (casi) nada?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-13T18:47:54.687" Score="2" ViewCount="10232" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Hay alguna razón por la cual el género de esta palabra es masculino? Me refiero a históricamente. Hay reglas en el español como la de la A tónica que hacen cambiar el género de la palabra aún cuando pudiera ser femenino; por ejemplo, El águila o El agua. Sin embargo, mapa no entra en los criterios de esta regla como para cambiar a masculino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20748" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T07:55:49.640" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T08:18:32.690" Title="¿Por qué es &quot;el mapa&quot; y no &quot;la mapa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2018-12-13T20:07:46.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico I have additionally encountered&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amarga&lt;/strong&gt; - literally, 'a bitter'; used in a similar fashion to &lt;strong&gt;una fria&lt;/strong&gt;, 'a cold one'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chevecha&lt;/strong&gt; - dated, less commonly used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16539" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T20:07:46.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28038" CreationDate="2018-12-14T09:26:28.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge la palabra como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QZ2HrGw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nodo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, así en minúscula ya como sustantivo común, aunque su origen sean las siglas NO-DO. Por tanto entiendo que hoy día la expresión sería &quot;no enterarse ni del nodo&quot;, aunque en sus orígenes se escribiera así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y claro, alcalde de mis carnes, si el Concejal de Limpieza no se entera ni del N O D O, usted, querido y respetado mío, debía poner un poco, ya digo, solo un poco de interés [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Provincia (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria). 18/1/1989, página 40.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y sí, digo &quot;sus orígenes&quot; porque esta cita es la más antigua que he encontrado escrita de la expresión (que, por supuesto, será algo anterior, aunque diría que no mucho). Resulta curioso que la expresión se creara cuando el nodo ya había desaparecido (lo hizo definitivamente en 1981), pero parece que así fue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que su origen puede tener que ver con varios factores:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El nodo se proyectaba de forma obligatoria antes de las películas emitidas en las salas de cine españolas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tenía un formato semanal, por lo que si ibas varias veces al cine en la misma semana te tragabas el mismo nodo esas mismas veces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, podía ser posible que durante la película te quedaras dormido si te aburría o que en algún momento te perdieras con la historia y dejaras de entenderla, o lo que fuera. Pero era difícil llegar a cualquiera de estos puntos durante la emisión del nodo, que tenía un formato breve, simple, y estaba hecho para llegar a la mayor cantidad de gente posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro casos ni en el CORDE ni en el CREA, así que poco más puedo aportar, aunque creo que no tiene más misterio que este.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-14T09:53:35.417" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T09:53:35.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28042" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-14T13:41:09.387" Score="6" ViewCount="914" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was watching the series Isabel the other day (about &lt;em&gt;Isabel La Catolica&lt;/em&gt;, the Spanish Queen), and at some point, one of the characters said &quot;&lt;em&gt;me importa un comino&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Now, the scene was placed in late XV century. It crossed my mind that such phrase might have not existed at that time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've failed to find meaningful stuff online about the origin of this phrase (or related ones). There are some unsupported claims floating around that &quot;&lt;em&gt;me importa un comino&lt;/em&gt;&quot; originated in France in the XVIII century (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://origenlenguaje.blogspot.com/2011/11/origen-de-la-expresion-me-importa-un.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://izasblog.wordpress.com/2012/11/06/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-me-importa-un-comino/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). I would be very interested in a more &quot;official&quot;, academic or just more solidly supported hypothesis. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-14T16:56:28.990" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T16:56:28.990" Title="Origen de la expresion &quot;me importa un ...&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28042" CreationDate="2018-12-14T14:34:37.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/nos-importa-un-comino/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog entry&lt;/a&gt; about the origin of certain expressions we see that all these expressions in the form of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me importa un + &quot;pimiento&quot;, &quot;bledo&quot; , &quot;pito&quot;, &quot;comino&quot;, &quot;pepino&quot;, &quot;rábano&quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;have in common is the little value of whatever you are naming and that it almost always seems to be a vegetable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los gramáticos suelen hablar de este procedimiento como el de una negación con sustantivos que designan objetos de valor ínfimo o nulo. Desde un punto de vista semántico es evidente la idea de pequeñez, insignificancia o de escaso valor, y pueden ser equivalentes a otras expresiones de índole vulgar y escatológico. Aunque antiguamente eran frecuentes con verbos como “valer” o “costar”, en la actualidad se prefiere el verbo “importar” o “interesar”, casi en exclusividad, acompañados, las más de las veces, por cuantificadores, entre los que destaca un: “Esto me importa un pepino (o comino o bledo)”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;comino&quot; (Same in English as just another name for &lt;em&gt;cumin&lt;/em&gt;, the spice) is a plant whose seeds are very small and common. Although this spice is used to cook it is not expensive at all (it wasn't a rare spice and it's flavor and smell are not considered the strongest or best among spices). It would be like saying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I care about it as much as about a (single) grain of salt / rice / pepper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meaning &quot;it's almost worthless and insignificant&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spite of those claims, &lt;a href=&quot;https://izasblog.wordpress.com/2012/11/06/de-donde-viene-la-expresion-me-importa-un-comino/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like this blog entry&lt;/a&gt;, that the origin of &quot;me importa un comino&quot; dates from France, circa 1800, when this plant/spice was considered little more than a plague and almost useless, it seems that during medieval times this spice has little value (even before or if it really became a plague in France).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The author of the first blog entry&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; highlights that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] las sociedades en las que surgieron estas expresiones eran eminentemente rurales por lo que no solo el escaso aprecio o valor de esos vegetales –bledo– o lo pequeño de su tamaño –rábano, comino–, sino su cercanía cotidiana a todas ellas las hacían propicias para la creación de expresiones familiares que sirven para dar a conocer de forma inmediata y efectiva nuestro punto de vista sobre la realidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, a plague of cumin could be considered &lt;strong&gt;accidental&lt;/strong&gt; in regards to the origin of this expression, since the are may other similar to that one with &lt;em&gt;bledo, rábano, pimiento&lt;/em&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The author even says that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La vida de muchas de [estas expresiones] es larga, tanto que, como en el caso de bledo, la expresión ha alcanzado mayor éxito que el uso culinario de ese vegetal, por lo que no ha resultado difícil perder de vista el objeto real mencionado. Muchas de estas expresiones vienen empleándose ya desde la Edad Media, junto a otras que ya se han perdido, como “esto no vale un haba” o “no vale una arveja”, &lt;strong&gt;que se pueden encontrar en textos escritos hace más de siete siglos&lt;/strong&gt; (como en los textos de Gonzalo de Berceo, por ejemplo)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems unlike that we incorporated this expression from French (which would be the most likely thing if it had originated from a plague of cumin in France) and is more likely that all these expression originated from giving little value to some of these items, especially in rural areas where these vegetables were not only inexpensive but very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Special attention to that claim that the expression can be found in texts from seven centuries ago (way before that cumin plague in France -if it ever occurred). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1: Crisanto Pérez Esáin es doctor en Literatura Hispánica y Teoría Literaria por la Universidad de Navarra (España). Es profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Piura desde el año 1999.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Ha publicado, entre otras cosas, Los trazos en el espejo: identidad y escritura en la narrativa de Julio Ramón Ribeyro, Pamplona (España): Editorial de la Universidad de Navarra-EUNSA, 2005; y  La narrativa de Julio Ramón Ribeyro: una guía de lectura, en autoría compartida con Javier de Navascués (Universidad de Navarra), Madrid: Cenlit. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-14T15:15:58.437" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T15:15:58.437" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2018-12-14T15:11:09.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chile, we call a big glass of beer a &lt;em&gt;shop&lt;/em&gt;. This is attested even by serious newspapers (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://finde.latercera.com/bares/dia-de-la-cerveza-chile-2018/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;). It is not uncommon to hear Chileans say &quot;vamos por un shop&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this word is where a &quot;famous&quot; drink derives, the &lt;em&gt;fanshop&lt;/em&gt; (a mixture of Fanta and beer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="18793" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T10:19:53.177" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T10:19:53.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28046" CreationDate="2018-12-14T15:33:02.313" Score="4" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;La imagen anexada explica el significado de varias palabras técnicas en tipografía e impresión digital. Me gustaría saber ¿cuál es la palabra española utilizada en el ámbito de la tipografía para la &quot;baseline&quot;? (&lt;em&gt;la linea roja que marca la base del texto en la imagen&lt;/em&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fbqgC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fbqgC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20089" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-14T16:47:06.593" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T16:47:06.593" Title="Cómo traducir &quot;baseline&quot; en el ámbito de la tipografía" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28045" CreationDate="2018-12-14T16:46:37.607" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se denomina &quot;&lt;strong&gt;línea base&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;línea de base&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo  a este &lt;a href=&quot;https://tiposformales.com/2010/08/30/glosario-de-terminos-tipograficos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;glosario de términos de tipografía&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Línea base&lt;/strong&gt;: Línea imaginaria donde se encuentran apoyadas todas las letras mayúsculas y las minúsculas sin descendentes. En las minúsculas con descendentes, estos traspasan la línea base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que las &lt;em&gt;descendentes&lt;/em&gt; son de acuerdo al mismo glosario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Descendente&lt;/strong&gt;: Trazo inferior de las letras minúsculas que se prolonga por debajo de la &lt;strong&gt;línea de base&lt;/strong&gt;. Ejemplos de letras con descendentes: g j p q y &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que cuadra la definición de línea base (se apoyan todas la letras y solo la traspasan las prolongaciones de las letras minúsculas como la &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; en tu ejemplo). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-12-14T16:46:37.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-14T21:50:25.977" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;For context, the full sentence I am trying to understand is &quot;Su vida de ermitaño era un enigma, &lt;em&gt;quizá el de qué secretos ocultaba&lt;/em&gt;, cómo podía haber vivido seis décadas sin desafíos notables.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand most of the sentence - my rough translation is &quot;His life as a hermit was an engima, ..., how he had been able to live six decades without notable challenges.&quot; It's the middle part that is confusing me. &quot;Maybe what secrets were hidden/he hid&quot; is the best I can come up with, but that doesn't seem to make much sense. How would this segment translate into English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20752" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-15T22:54:41.420" LastActivityDate="2018-12-15T22:57:33.220" Title="What is the English translation of &quot;quizá el de qué...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28047" CreationDate="2018-12-15T01:18:03.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Su vida de ermitaño era un enigma, quizá el de qué secretos ocultaba, cómo podía haber vivido seis décadas sin desafíos notables.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the comment &lt;em&gt;«quizá el de qué secretos ocultaba»&lt;/em&gt;, the article &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; stands for &lt;em&gt;el enigma&lt;/em&gt;. This is a type of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsis_(linguistics)#Nominal_ellipsis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nominal ellipsis&lt;/a&gt;. The article refers to the noun &lt;em&gt;enigma&lt;/em&gt; that has just been mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...un enigma, quizá el &lt;strong&gt;enigma&lt;/strong&gt; de qué secretos ocultaba...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's basically the same as in English, if you allow for that &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; being translated as &quot;the one&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;enigma&lt;/em&gt; is masculine; that's why you use &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; in the ellipsis. If you want to drop a feminine noun, you must use &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; instead (and you must of course use &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;las&lt;/em&gt; if the noun is plural, masculine o feminine respectively). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the phrase (&lt;em&gt;«...de qué secretos ocultaba»&lt;/em&gt;) is subordinated to that elliptic &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; (meaning &lt;em&gt;el enigma&lt;/em&gt;). So the whole means &quot;...an enigma, the one (=the enigma) of what secrets he was hiding&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be an unspoken &quot;or&quot; as well; the enigma was maybe (&lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt;) the secrets he was hiding &lt;strong&gt;or (else)&lt;/strong&gt; how he could have lived... etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-15T22:57:33.220" LastActivityDate="2018-12-15T22:57:33.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28050" CreationDate="2018-12-15T05:07:16.347" Score="4" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mark Twain's &quot;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn&quot; this appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I had been to school most all the time and could spell and read and write just a little, and could say the multiplication table up to six times seven &#xA;is thirty-five,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation is this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Había ido a la escuela casi todo el tiempo, me sabía las letras y leer y escribir un poco y me sabía la tabla de multiplicar hasta seis por siete treinta y cinco,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the Spanish really &quot;....six times seven thirty-five&quot; (rather than &quot;...six times seven IS or EQUALS thirty-five&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastActivityDate="2018-12-15T10:03:25.713" Title="Is this right (no &quot;equals&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28049" CreationDate="2018-12-15T10:03:25.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para empezar me imagino que te habrás dado cuenta de que &lt;em&gt;six times seven&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;IS NOT&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;thirty-five&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;em&gt;forty-two&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una frase aislada si sería necesario el verbo, pero si la multiplicación forma parte del &quot;recitado&quot; de la &quot;tabla de multiplicar&quot; es habitual omitir el verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, al &lt;em&gt;cantar&lt;/em&gt; la tabla (de multiplicar) del seis, lo normal es decir:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;seis por uno, seis;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  seis por dos, doce;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  seis  por tres, dieciocho;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  seis por siete, cuarenta y dos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2018-12-15T10:03:25.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28051" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28551" CreationDate="2018-12-15T11:22:58.070" Score="7" ViewCount="836" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WtWS5k7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sablazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece en el DLE como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3. m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Acto de sacar dinero a alguien pidiéndoselo, por lo general, con habilidad o insistencia y sin intención de devolverlo.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y con significados relacionados, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WtdxvSI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sablear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;sable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Sacar dinero a alguien dándole sablazos, esto es, con petición hábil o insistente y sin intención de devolverlo.&lt;/strong&gt; U. t. c. intr.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WthGZtp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sablista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;sable&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; e &lt;em&gt;-ista.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Que tiene por hábito sablear.&lt;/strong&gt; U. m. c. s. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WtYY25L&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. &lt;em&gt;sabre&lt;/em&gt;, este del al. ant. &lt;em&gt;sabel&lt;/em&gt;, y este del húngaro &lt;em&gt;szablya&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Arma blanca semejante a la espada, pero algo corva y por lo común de un solo corte.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Habilidad para sacar dinero a otro o vivir a su costa.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indagando en el NTLLE he encontrado que &lt;strong&gt;sablazo&lt;/strong&gt; se recoge desde 1817, pero únicamente con la acepción de &lt;em&gt;golpe dado con un sable&lt;/em&gt;, y no es hasta &lt;strong&gt;1889&lt;/strong&gt; cuando el DRAE recoge la acepción de &lt;em&gt;&quot;Acto de sacar dinero a uno, o de comer, vivir o divertirse a su costa&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Sablista&lt;/em&gt; figura en esa misma edición, mientras que &lt;em&gt;sablear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;sable&lt;/em&gt; son posteriores.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CORDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado una referencia anterior (énfasis mío):    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... le administraba un modesto &lt;strong&gt;sablazo, ó en otros términos, le pedía un duro&lt;/strong&gt;. (Carlos Coello, &lt;em&gt;Cuentos inverosímiles&lt;/em&gt;, 1872-1878)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este texto parece ser el primero en el que se recoge este uso de &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt;, pero al mismo tiempo se explica su significado, lo que sugiere que no estaba muy extendido. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿cuál es la relación entre el &lt;strong&gt;golpe dado con un sable&lt;/strong&gt; y el &lt;strong&gt;arte de sacar dinero a uno&lt;/strong&gt;?  Dado que las definiciones mencionan &lt;em&gt;arte&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;habilidad&lt;/em&gt;, etc. para obtener el dinero, no parece que la relación sea con amenazas enarbolando un sable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T17:22:34.693" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:24:39.090" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;sablazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2018-12-15T23:20:15.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Argentina, Uruguay y (al menos según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, también en Paraguay), &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; está más cerca de la definición esperada. En el DA se define &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;recorte de un presupuesto&quot;. En Argentina y Uruguay generalmente se usa la palabra para esto mismo o para el concepto más general de un recorte de fondos inconsulto, una nueva imposición o un despojo monetario cometido por el estado o por un privado con poder sobre otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedo citar unos cuantos ejemplos periodísticos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lanacion.com.ar/384967-hay-que-importar-instituciones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sablazo&lt;/a&gt; a los feudos políticos provinciales, que deberán salir a cobrar impuestos a parientes y amigos. Es también un sablazo a los grupos industriales protegidos, que han esquilmado durante medio siglo a los consumidores.» (&lt;em&gt;La Nación&lt;/em&gt;, 31/03/2002)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Parte de esas obras serán financiadas por los propios municipios que acaban de sufrir un nuevo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/economia/baja-subsidios-extiende-municipios-bonaerenses_0_Hy2v1H-nP7g.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sablazo&lt;/a&gt; sobre sus golpeadas arcas que no por anunciado es menos doloroso.» (&lt;em&gt;Clarín&lt;/em&gt;, 03/08/2012, sobre un recorte de subsidios)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Una fuente cercana a una de las empresas dijo ayer a El Observador que el proyecto de ley de medios es un “&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/canales-privados-juegan-fuerte-contra-el-llamado-de-la-tv-digital-2013712210&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sablazo&lt;/a&gt;” para su negocio.» (&lt;em&gt;El Observador&lt;/em&gt;, 01/07/2013)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Ganancias: en el Gobierno dicen que están dispuestos a meterle “un &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/politica/ganancias-gobierno-dispuestos-meterle-sablazo_0_B1O1VB2zl.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sablazo&lt;/a&gt;” al juego» (&lt;em&gt;Clarín&lt;/em&gt;, 30/11/2016, referido a extender un impuesto a las máquinas tragamonedas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;«Y al suavizar la forma de pago del ajuste tarifario, el Gobierno mostró su mejor perfil peronista: el &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lanacion.com.ar/2127732-de-vido-querido-el-pueblo-esta-contigo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sablazo&lt;/a&gt; sigue siendo un sablazo, pero ahora parece más amable.» (&lt;em&gt;La Nación&lt;/em&gt;, 21/04/2018)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-15T23:20:15.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-16T11:51:16.840" Score="10" ViewCount="82978" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que existe una palabra para eso, pero no logro recordarla. La definición de la misma viene a ser una persona que no sabe nada pero habla como si supiera de todo. Por ejemplo, se está hablando de un tema en concreto del que esa persona no sabe nada, y esta habla sin saber nada, pero queriendo dar la impresión de que domina la materia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20735" LastActivityDate="2020-03-11T03:04:43.147" Title="¿Cómo se llama la persona que, desde su ignorancia, habla de todo como si lo supiera?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27356" CreationDate="2018-12-16T12:00:42.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra en cuestión parece ser &lt;code&gt;cuchador&lt;/code&gt;. No obstante, no es una traducción oficial aceptada por la RAE, ya que si la buscamos encontramos que aparece frecuentemente en artículos y blogs, y mayoritariamente entrecomillada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20735" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T12:00:42.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28053" CreationDate="2018-12-16T13:30:01.397" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra que buscas es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wsustft&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; m. y f. coloq. Persona que presume de sabia sin serlo. U. t. c. adj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/sabelotodo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;definición&lt;/a&gt; quizá más amplia, del Espasa-Calpe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; com. &lt;em&gt;col.&lt;/em&gt; Que presume de saberlo todo o saber más de lo que sabe:&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;ese profesor tiene un sabelotodo que le boicotea todas las clases.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay unos cuantos sinónimos pero creo que esta palabra es la más usada y entendible en todas partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T13:30:01.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28053" CreationDate="2018-12-16T14:14:37.743" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;O &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WtU4l19&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sabiondo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (también &lt;strong&gt;sabihondo&lt;/strong&gt;):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. coloq. Que presume de sabio sin serlo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ves, es prácticamente la misma definición de &lt;strong&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/strong&gt; que recoge @pablodf76 en su respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T14:14:37.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28058" CreationDate="2018-12-16T14:18:42.590" Score="2" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;In linguistics, &lt;strong&gt;cognates&lt;/strong&gt; are words that have a common etymological origin. A cognate etymon need not be inherited directly from a proto-language; the etymon can be borrowed from some other language, in which evolution produces cognate forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the Spanish word &lt;em&gt;jamón&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;ham&quot;) cognate with the English word &lt;em&gt;ham&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T14:11:12.720" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T13:41:27.243" Title="Is the Spanish word &quot;jamón&quot; cognate with the English word &quot;ham&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28057" CreationDate="2018-12-16T14:18:42.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite their conceptual and phonetic similarity, no - they come from distinct PIE roots. Their unrelatedness becomes more clear when we consider that the initial &lt;code&gt;/x ~ h/&lt;/code&gt; pronunciation of the 'j' in Spanish only developed in the 17th-18th centuries, and before this &lt;em&gt;jamón&lt;/em&gt; was pronounced &lt;code&gt;/ʃa'mon/&lt;/code&gt; (and originally &lt;code&gt;/ʒa'mon/&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;kónh₂m&lt;/em&gt; (“leg”)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Proto-Germanic&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;hamō&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;hammō&lt;/em&gt;, *&lt;em&gt;hanmō&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old English&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;hamm&lt;/em&gt; (“inner or hind part of the knee, ham”)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mid. English&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;hamme&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;English&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;ham&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; *&lt;em&gt;kamp-&lt;/em&gt; (“to bend; crooked”)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ancient Greek&lt;/code&gt; κάμπη (&lt;em&gt;kámpē&lt;/em&gt;)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Late Latin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;gamba&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old French&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;jambe, gambe&lt;/em&gt; (“leg”)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;French&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;jambon, gambon&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spanish&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;jamón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;English&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;gammon&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note however that the synonym &lt;em&gt;gammon&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; cognate to &lt;em&gt;jamón&lt;/em&gt; (both inherited from the French &lt;em&gt;jambon&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T14:13:38.917" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T14:13:38.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28053" CreationDate="2018-12-16T17:56:18.090" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El adjetivo &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;listo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; suele significar &amp;quot;inteligente, sagaz, etc.&amp;quot;, sin embargo, una de sus acepciones es un coloquialismo que le da un matiz sarcástico, como indica el DRAE, y que se ve mejor en la versión con diminutivo (&lt;em&gt;listillo&lt;/em&gt;) que en el término original.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NQThQl7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Listo, a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que presume de saber o estar enterado de todo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(usado más en diminutivo) Siempre hay un &lt;em&gt;listillo&lt;/em&gt; que sabe más que nadie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De manera similar, tenemos &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;enterado&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;enteradillo&amp;quot;, en su tercera acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=FhAM9h6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enterado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. Que presume de saber mucho de algo. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T02:24:18.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28061" CreationDate="2018-12-16T20:13:29.790" Score="1" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado esta frase en un libro que estoy leyendo -- domino castellano bastante bien, pero no puedo entender, excepto en un sentido amplio, lo que dice.  Aunque falta el contexto, ¿podríais proporcionar una traducción?  Google translate ha fallado completamente.  Os lo agradecería.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por eso mismo -- por ser la razón más fuerte, por necesitarle de&#xA;  manera imperiosa e inexorable -- ni podía llegarse hasta allí ni para&#xA;  ser consecuente consigo misma se decidiría a hacer uso de pretextos&#xA;  para cruzarse con él, yendo de paso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T01:19:01.773" Title="Traducción de una frase de un libro difícil" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;literatura&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28060" CreationDate="2018-12-16T21:20:13.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Presumo que el problema está después de &quot;inexorable&quot;. La primera parte, creo, es sencilla: comienza diciendo &quot;Por eso mismo&quot; y luego aclara entre guiones qué es &quot;eso mismo&quot;, aunque hay una posible ambigüedad que debe resolver el contexto cuando dice &quot;por ser la razón más fuerte&quot;: ¿significa &quot;por ser (algo mencionado antes) la razón más fuerte&quot;, o bien &quot;porque la razón (=la racionalidad, la facultad de razonar) era más fuerte&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto queda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;...ni podía llegarse hasta allí ni para ser consecuente consigo misma se decidiría a hacer uso de pretextos para cruzarse con él, yendo de paso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí hay dos proposiciones negativas coordinadas en una estructura &lt;em&gt;ni... ni...&lt;/em&gt; que seguramente conoces. El problema es que la frase es una &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden-path_sentence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garden-path sentence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Donde dice &quot;ni para ser consecuente consigo misma se decidiría...&quot;, debe leerse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... ni (para ser consecuente consigo misma) se decidiría...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... ni estaba dispuesta a decidir, porque quería ser consecuente consigo misma...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O sea, &quot;para ser consecuente consigo misma&quot; es una aclaración de &quot;ni se decidiría&quot; (y de hecho podrías quitar esta aclaración y la frase continúa siendo gramaticalmente correcta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que, debido al orden poco habitual de las estructuras en la frase, quien la lee puede sentirse tentado a un &lt;em&gt;parsing&lt;/em&gt; incorrecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... ni podía llegarse hasta allí (ni para ser consecuente consigo misma)...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir: hasta el momento anterior a cuando se llega a &quot;se decidiría&quot;, el lector puede estar interpretando la frase como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...ni podía llegarse hasta allí &lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/strong&gt; para ser consecuente consigo misma...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando llegamos a &quot;se decidiría&quot; esta forma de leer la frase se vuelve imposible y hay que volver atrás, de manera similar a lo que ocurre con ejemplos típicos de &lt;em&gt;garden-path sentences&lt;/em&gt; en inglés como &lt;em&gt;&quot;The horse raced past the barn fell&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Esto me ocurrió a mí, de hecho, y quizá sea el problema que estás encontrándote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-17T01:19:01.773" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T01:19:01.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-17T03:24:30.727" Score="3" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I most cities, you can recycle (&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VR7ahaY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reciclar&lt;/a&gt;) some of your trash. Sometimes, you can even be given money for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was a kid in Madrid, there were some places where you could bring used paper (to be recycled) and you would get some money (very little per Kg. of paper or cardboard). We would say that they &lt;em&gt;bought&lt;/em&gt; the paper from you. This was way before we started to have different trash containers for garbage in order to separate and recycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the United States, you can not only recycle soda cans and other bottles (glass or plastic) but you can &lt;em&gt;redeem&lt;/em&gt; (redimir?) them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WrTZB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WrTZB.png&quot; alt=&quot;coke label&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That picture is from a bottle of coke, and basically says that you can get 5 cents back for the plastic bottle in the states of Maine, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, Hawaii and Iowa, and 10 cents in Oregon and Michigan (and I don't know what the heck they do in California...). It's similar for cans and some glass bottles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get that money you may need to take the bottle to a &lt;em&gt;redemption center&lt;/em&gt; (centro de &lt;em&gt;redención&lt;/em&gt;?), a liquor store or some other designated places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many people take advantage of being able to &lt;em&gt;redeem&lt;/em&gt; paper, plastic, glass or cans for money. From people who have little to subsist (and benefit from collecting and &lt;em&gt;redeeming&lt;/em&gt; what is garbage for other people) to others which may collect, &lt;em&gt;redeem&lt;/em&gt; and then donate the proceedings as they see fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that most cities have programs to recycle garbage, but I don't know what they do in order to &lt;em&gt;redeem&lt;/em&gt; recyclable garbage for money (that is specific of each country, city or state, as seen in the coke label above) or what do they call this action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said at the beginning of the question, a lifetime ago I would had said in Spanish that someone would &quot;&lt;em&gt;buy&lt;/em&gt; used paper&quot; from you. I understand that not all Spanish speaking towns or cities may offer a &lt;em&gt;redemption&lt;/em&gt; program from recyclable garbage. The direct translation, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VYpI2LB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;redimir&lt;/a&gt;, doesn't seem to be the best in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what do you call in Spanish the act of &lt;em&gt;redeeming&lt;/em&gt; recyclable garbage to get money for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T02:16:43.543" Title="What's Spanish for &quot;redeem&quot; in the context of recycling?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27998" CreationDate="2018-12-17T07:43:05.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando pasan este tipo de cosas, en mi opinión el mejor sitio donde buscar es en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero General&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE, que contiene cientos de fichas que ayudan a entender el porqué de muchas acepciones del diccionario. Lo malo es que para &lt;em&gt;martillo&lt;/em&gt; hay más de 500 fichas, lo que obliga a buscar con paciencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De momento he encontrado una que aporta un poquito más de información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MARTILLO. s. m. La cruz de la orden de San Juan de Malta, quitado el brazo derecho, que es como la deben usar los hermanos sirvientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno, algo es algo. La Orden tenía tres clases de miembros: los caballeros, los religiosos y los sirvientes. Estos últimos podían ser sirvientes de los caballeros o sirvientes de los capellanes. La cita anterior aparece en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario militar español-francés&lt;/em&gt; de Federico Moretti, publicado en 1828. En &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=c1CEPbC4l9kC&amp;amp;pg=PA252&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;q=malta&amp;amp;f=false#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=malta&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este diccionario&lt;/a&gt;, en la entrada sobre la propia orden de San Juan de Malta (página 247) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La divisa actual de los primeros [los caballeros] es una cruz de oro de ocho puntas, coronada y esmaltada de blanco, angulada de lises de oro, que llevan al ojal de la casaca, pendiente de una cinta negra: los freires la llevan tambien; pero deben tener la misma cruz de lienzo blanco sobre el manteo ó vestido al lado izquierdo, cuya distincion usan igualmente los caballeros profesos; y los sirvientes la llevan de tres solos brazos, de esmalte ó de lienzo, segun su estado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cosa va quedando clara. Se ve que los hermanos sirvientes no podían llevar el emblema de la cruz al completo en su uniforme, y para distinguirse de otros hermanos de mayor rango eliminaban el brazo derecho de la cruz, y a este emblema se denominaba &lt;em&gt;martillo&lt;/em&gt;, entiendo que por la semejanza de la divisa resultante con la forma de este. Imagino que eliminar el &quot;brazo derecho&quot; será por aquello de ser el brazo diestro, en alusión a que estos hermanos sirvientes no eran tan útiles como los caballeros y los religiosos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-17T07:48:22.513" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T07:48:22.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2018-12-17T08:00:22.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una de las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/redeem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;redeem&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gain or regain possession of (something) in exchange for payment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en este sentido una de las traducciones que propone Google Translator es &lt;em&gt;rescate&lt;/em&gt;. Como si te hubieran cobrado 5 centavos más por la botella y luego tuvieras que ir a rescatarlos entregando la botella a cambio. En este sentido se me hace más natural el verbo &lt;em&gt;reclamar&lt;/em&gt; como posible traducción: entregas la botella para reclamar el dinero que te corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, recuerdo cuando de pequeño llevaba las botellas de vidrio vacías a los supermercados, donde te daban un poco de dinero por ellas (antes de que llegara el plástico o los contenedores de reciclaje). No recuerdo usar ningún verbo especial, creo que directamente hablaba de llevar las botellas a reciclar al súper, o simplemente de &lt;em&gt;devolver&lt;/em&gt; las botellas, y eso ya implicaba el hecho de que me iba a llevar un dinerito a cambio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T08:00:22.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26350" CreationDate="2018-12-17T09:31:15.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo un artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/12/15/opinion/1544898113_281176.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Estado, en busca del tiempo perdido&lt;/a&gt; de Juan Luis Cebrián di con este fragmento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Lo de estar en chirona, metáfora de estar en la cárcel, procede de que en Gerona había una prisión muy famosa, como pudo serlo luego la de Carabanchel. Si te mandaban a Chirona (Girona en su defectuosa pronunciación) era que te enviaban a la cárcel”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=43406&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el foro de CVC&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, parece posible que Gerona se hiciera famosa por albergar uno de los centros penitenciarios más frecuentados por los gitanos, prostitutas y otros detenidos en las calles, en virtud de la franquista «Ley de Vagos y Maleantes», de triste memoria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interpretando lo escrito en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esacademic.com/dic.nsf/sp_sp_origen/134/chirona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del origen de las palabras, entrada &lt;em&gt;chirona&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Ahora bien, en esta página quitan peso a esta hipótesis porque dicha &lt;em&gt;Ley de Vagos y Maleantes&lt;/em&gt; es de los años 1930 y la palabra ya se mencionaba en el siglo XVIII, como bien indica &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26357/1674&quot;&gt;Charlie en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que se me ocurre es que puede que sea la &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/tag/prision-militar-de-figueres/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;prisión militar de Figueras&lt;/a&gt;, en la provincia de Gerona, a la que se refieren y que se utilice &lt;em&gt;Chirona&lt;/em&gt; por el &lt;a href=&quot;https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Chirona&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nombre aragonés de esta provincia&lt;/a&gt;. Siendo una prisión militar me parece factible que encaje por los tormentos que se describen en etimologías de Chile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T09:31:15.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28071" CreationDate="2018-12-17T10:52:55.293" Score="4" ViewCount="1318" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el sitio de Uber, en la sección donde se puede cambiar el idioma vi que para español no usan la palabra sola &quot;Español&quot; sino &quot;Español Internacional&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre los dos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20759" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T04:17:59.553" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T10:18:26.413" Title="¿Qué es el español internacional? ¿Cuál es su diferencia respecto al español?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2018-12-17T13:11:07.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recuerdo que esto ha comenzado a implantarse en España. La palabra que se utiliza es &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Retorno (de envases).&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, si buscamos las acepciones de retornar, hay dos que coinciden:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. devolver (‖ restituir).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que algo retroceda o vuelva atrás.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Te recomiendo que busques en Google este término, &quot;retorno de envases&quot;, puesto que hay una cantidad de resultados muy prolija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Destaca que en algunos de los resultados, de hecho, incluye más términos: &lt;strong&gt;depósito, devolución y retorno&lt;/strong&gt;. Los tres me parecen también términos muy adecuados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, si también buscas describir el &lt;strong&gt;sobrecoste&lt;/strong&gt; inicial del producto, que se &lt;strong&gt;reintegra&lt;/strong&gt; con la devolución del envase, no sé si tiene algún término específico, pero lo que mejor me suena es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fianza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Cantidad de dinero o bien material que se entrega como garantía del cumplimiento de una obligación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T03:56:45.457" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T03:56:45.457" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28070" CreationDate="2018-12-17T16:11:12.320" Score="3" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ever since I first read the slogan &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hasta la victoria siempre&quot;&lt;/em&gt; I always assumed that &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; was an adjective qualifying &lt;em&gt;victoria&lt;/em&gt;. So if I had had to translate it into English I would have said something like &quot;Towards eternal victory&quot;. But on looking in the dictionary of the language for something else I find that all the definitions there mark it as an adverb. This seems strange to me as I would have expected if it was modifying the preposition &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt; it would have come first in the sentence. So is the RAE behind the times or is this just a stylistic thing and it really is modifying &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-17T21:12:12.027" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T10:06:45.190" Title="Is &quot;siempre&quot; ever used as an adjective?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="504" CreationDate="2018-12-17T18:10:15.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many times the phrase is found in &lt;strong&gt;a formal context&lt;/strong&gt; (e.g. a forthcoming interview or meeting), in which some of the expressions in the other answer are a bit too personal/informal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More formal expressions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aguardo/espero con interés nuestro encuentro/entrevista/reunión/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Será para mí un gusto conocerlos en nuestro futuro encuentro/entrevista/reunión/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quedo a la espera de nuestro encuentro/entrevista/reunión/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sera un placer para mi conocerles en nuestro futuro encuentro/entrevista/reunión/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T18:10:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28068" CreationDate="2018-12-17T20:26:33.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siempre&lt;/em&gt; is always an adverb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence would be translated as &lt;em&gt;&quot;always onward to victory&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, and it means that one should &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; pursue victory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it was written in a letter that Ernesto Guevara (el Ché) wrote to Fidel Castro, and some people say that what was actually written was: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hasta la victoria. Siempre, patria o muerte&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. In this case, &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt; would also be an adverb and would also mean &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an image of the letter's manuscript:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c96tz.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c96tz.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20678" LastEditorUserId="20678" LastEditDate="2018-12-17T21:14:09.407" LastActivityDate="2018-12-17T21:14:09.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28066" CreationDate="2018-12-17T22:42:19.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término &quot;español internacional&quot; se refiere a un conjunto de reglas de alfabetización en sistemas informáticos; se opone generalmente a &quot;español tradicional&quot;. Es parte de la configuración de idioma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &quot;español internacional&quot; (que en sistemas Microsoft se suele llamar en inglés &lt;em&gt;Spanish (modern sort)&lt;/em&gt;), las palabras se ordenan alfabéticamente tomando en cuenta el orden del alfabeto latino básico (el usado en inglés), sólo que con la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; después de la &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;; las vocales acentuadas no se consideran caracteres especiales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &quot;español tradicional&quot; (&lt;em&gt;Spanish (traditional sort)&lt;/em&gt;), el orden es igual, excepto que los dígrafos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ll&lt;/em&gt; se tratan como letras y se ordenan alfabéticamente luego de la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; y de la &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente. Este tratamiento es el que seguía el alfabeto español desde el Diccionario de la Real Academia de 1803 y hasta 2010. Es decir, al ordenar una lista con las palabras &lt;em&gt;calle, chato, cura&lt;/em&gt;, el orden tradicional era &lt;em&gt;calle, cura, chato&lt;/em&gt;; al ordenar &lt;em&gt;libro, lleno, luna&lt;/em&gt;, el orden tradicional era &lt;em&gt;libro, luna, lleno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso es todo lo que significa esta diferencia, que como ves, es muy pequeña y sólo afecta casos donde una aplicación tiene que mostrar listas ordenadas de palabras. Esta configuración no afecta en nada al vocabulario. Tampoco tiene nada que ver con la elección de la disposición del teclado, donde también puedes encontrar diferencias (en general en todos los sistemas hay un teclado &lt;em&gt;Español&lt;/em&gt; y otro &lt;em&gt;Latinoamericano&lt;/em&gt;, que se diferencian por la posición o existencia de la &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; y la &lt;em&gt;ç&lt;/em&gt;, además de ciertos signos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T10:18:26.413" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T10:18:26.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2018-12-18T01:43:02.060" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el contexto Mexicano tanto como el Estadounidense, donde existen centros de reciclaje donde uno puede llevar sus envases reciclables, esto se puede llamar un &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=79bSYhL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay lugares adonde se llevan los envases y se &lt;strong&gt;canjean&lt;/strong&gt; por dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra palabra que podría llenar este requisito sería la palabra que es un poco más común, que sería &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Lsc0igT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intercambio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay lugares adonde se llevan los envases y se &lt;strong&gt;intercambian&lt;/strong&gt; por dinero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual se puede decir que se compra el reciclable, y entonces vas a vender tus envases. Esto resulta ser la forma más sencilla de expresar esta idea, a pesar de que en realidad no es una venta, pero se presta la situación para llamarse &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;venta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, por igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T01:43:02.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28068" CreationDate="2018-12-18T04:16:25.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In spanish you can have multiple orders and sentences structures, like when in english you say &quot;I also want...&quot; and &quot;I want that too&quot; but in spanish you can say, &quot;siempre hasta la victoria&quot; or &quot;hasta la victoria siempre&quot; it is normal and just a different way to say the same thing but the second one sounds better (more elegant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T04:16:25.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2018-12-18T04:16:38.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por curiosidad y completitud de la pregunta, me ha dado por mirar lo que es ese &amp;quot;CA CRV&amp;quot; y resulta que es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;California Redemption Value (CRV), also known as California Refund Value, is a regulatory fee paid on recyclable beverage containers in California.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Redemption_Value&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada explica un poco más sobre esa tasa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottler pays CRV for beverages with aluminum, plastic, glass, and bimetal containers and anyone can receive the same amount in exchange for the container by bringing it to a recycling center. The symbol on beverage containers eligible for &lt;strong&gt;reimbursement&lt;/strong&gt; is &amp;quot;CA CRV&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir &amp;quot;El símibolo en aquello contenedores de bebidas elegibles para el &lt;strong&gt;reembolso&lt;/strong&gt; es CA CRV&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé por qué no se me ocurrió &amp;quot;reembolso&amp;quot; antes, pero sería otra buena opción a añadir a las ya aportadas, ya que su significado no es más que &amp;quot;devolver una cantidad a poder de quien la había desembolsado previamente&amp;quot;, que en este caso entiendo que es el fabricante, que traslada al consumidor cuando compra la botella y que devuelve (reembolsa) al retornarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T02:16:43.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2018-12-18T04:19:30.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word you are looking for is &quot;canjear&quot; which means get a reward for something, which is the most near word to redeem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20261" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T04:19:30.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28039" CreationDate="2018-12-18T07:38:18.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;De hecho, la palabra &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt; ha tenido un género ambiguo hasta la edición de 1837 del diccionario de la RAE, en la que aparece por primera vez como de género masculino. La explicación es simplemente que proviene del latín &lt;em&gt;mappa&lt;/em&gt;, que era femenino. Dice Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MAPA [...] puede venir de mappa, que quiere dezir lienço, o toalla, y particularmente la que los Pretores en los juegos Circenses embiavan por señal, para que se empeçassen [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho la voz latina &lt;em&gt;mappa&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=mappa&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;se traduce&lt;/a&gt; como &quot;servilleta, toalla&quot;. Estos trapos o lienzos fueron los que se usaron para confeccionar los primeros mapas, y por eso se llamaron &lt;em&gt;mappa mundi&lt;/em&gt;: el paño donde está dibujado el mundo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Durante mucho tiempo se ha usado la voz &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt; tanto en masculino como femenino, debido su origen como sustantivo latino femenino, pero también por influencia de &lt;em&gt;mundi&lt;/em&gt; que es masculino:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aqui comiença la mapa del mundo dela partida de orient que es dita asia de europa e de sus encontradas de africa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro del Tesoro. Girona, Catedral 20a5&quot;, 1400-1425 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De las quales mis obras que yo he fecho la primera es la Redubción moral [...], la quarta El mapa mundi e la discripción della; [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero López de Ayala, &quot;Traducción de las Décadas de Tito Luvio&quot;, c1400 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El propio &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, en su tomo G-M de 1734, dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MAPA. s. amb. La descripción geográphica de la tierra, que regularmente se hace en papel ò lienzo, en que se ponen los lugares, mares, rios, montañas, y otras cosas notables, con las distancias proporcionadas [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el &quot;s. amb.&quot; que significa &quot;sustantivo ambiguo&quot;. Y cita como ejemplos de la ambigüedad:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por esta causa los Cosmógraphos hacen una&lt;/em&gt; mapa, &lt;em&gt;en que se pintan todas las principales partes y naciones del mundo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quando un Cosmógrapho saca un&lt;/em&gt; mapa &lt;em&gt;general de España, ó de todo el mundo, pone alli las principales cosas dél.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos ejemplos muestran que en el siglo XVI aún se mantenía la ambigüedad. Sin embargo, a partir del siglo XVII ya se nota el declive de la versión femenina: la búsqueda en este siglo de términos como &quot;la mapa&quot; o &quot;una mapa&quot; en el CORDE arroja simplemente un par de resultados, mientras que &quot;el mapa&quot; o &quot;un mapa&quot; arroja más de 50. Los resultados más recientes de &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt; en femenino hacen alusión a su tercera acepción como &quot;lo que sobresale de un género&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Compañeros, antes que la corte de las Españas y la mapa del mundo, que es Madrid, caiga en poder de los gabachones, tuertos, botelludos, dejémonos matar tras esas piedras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Napoleón en Chamartín&quot;, 1874 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta curiosa esta acepción, que ha mantenido la versión femenina del sustantivo &lt;em&gt;mapa&lt;/em&gt; cambiando sutilmente la definición de esta como &quot;plano que guía al viajero&quot; a &quot;aquello que destaca y por tanto debe guiar a lo demás&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Os dejo con una cita de este último autor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Me han dicho que la gente de Cádiz, los políticos y los periodistas se ríen de mí —dijo D. Juan Martín frunciendo el ceño—, porque una vez dije la mapa en vez de el mapa. Los militares no estamos obligados a estar siempre con el libro en la mano, viendo cómo se dicen y cómo no se dicen las cosas. Yo sé mi obligación, que es perseguir a los franceses. Lo demás no me importa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;Juan Martín el Empecinado&quot;, 1874 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosidad final. El significado original de &lt;em&gt;mappa&lt;/em&gt; nos ha llegado (aunque tal vez no del todo intacto) al idioma español como &lt;em&gt;mopa&lt;/em&gt;: Latín &lt;em&gt;mappa&lt;/em&gt;, valón &lt;em&gt;mappe&lt;/em&gt;, que pasó al inglés antiguo, actualizado como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/mop#etymonline_v_18343&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y de ahí &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PlQHDM9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mopa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso sí se ha mantenido el género femenino de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T08:18:32.690" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T08:18:32.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28068" CreationDate="2018-12-18T10:06:45.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess the phrase &quot;Hasta la victoria, siempre&quot; can be confusing because is lacking a verb. My understanding is that it means something like &quot;we'll fight always until we're victorious.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T10:06:45.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28057" CreationDate="2018-12-18T17:32:22.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The below book about the origin of English words suggests that it does come from Latin. The author states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The extent to which many Latin-English words have been unjointed from their original form, or &lt;em&gt;de-Latinized&lt;/em&gt;, in coming to us through the French, Spanish, or other Romanic languages, is quite remarkable. Two or three examples must suffice. It is through the Sp. jamon (&lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; being pronounced as &lt;em&gt;h&lt;/em&gt;), Fr. jambon, that we get &lt;em&gt;ham&lt;/em&gt; (Gm: hamme, provincial and obsolete) from the Latin gamba, a leg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008619104&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Modern philology: its discoveries, history and influence ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Benjamin W. Dwight. (c.1860)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=iau.31858000366918;view=1up;seq=438&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; in the same book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T13:41:27.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-18T17:50:51.067" Score="1" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando todas las ediciones de un libro en particular. Para eso, sería ideal encontrar un catálogo online (por ejemplo, de una universidad, biblioteca pública, academia de lengua) que contenga dicha información. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De momento no he encontrado un recurso de esa naturaleza, ni nada que se le acerque. Por ejemplo, el libro que quiero (uno de millones de ventas en el mundo) no está disponible en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/biblioteca-y-archivo/biblioteca/acceso-los-catalogos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;biblioteca&lt;/a&gt; de la RAE. Es más, solo tiene un libro de este autor, muy prolífico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La RAE parece tener &lt;em&gt;corpora&lt;/em&gt; y bases de datos (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/crea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asale.org/obras-y-proyectos/corpes-xxi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acá&lt;/a&gt;), pero no parece corresponder a un catálogo universal de libros. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe un catálogo de esta naturaleza para el Español? ¿O algo que se le parezca? Por ejemplo, ¿el catálogo de libros más extendido de todos en el mundo hispanohablante?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: nótese que el ejemplo de un libro en particular sólo desea motivar la pregunta. No quiero ssaber cómo encontrar todas las ediciones para ese libro en particular (por eso prefiero no mencionar detalles sobre este).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="18793" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T14:24:09.930" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T15:45:02.020" Title="¿Existe un catálogo con todos los libros (en sus distintas ediciones) publicados en Español?" Tags="&lt;recursos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28082" CreationDate="2018-12-18T19:18:27.050" Score="4" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, when I refer to, say, room 328 in a building, I say &quot;three twenty eight&quot; and not &quot;three hundred twenty eight&quot; because the digit 3, referring to the floor, is in some sense separated from the 28. Does the same pattern hold in Spanish? Should I say &lt;em&gt;habitación trescientos veintiocho&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;habitación tres ventiocho&lt;/em&gt;, or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow up question: What if I am talking about room 308?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20764" LastEditorUserId="20764" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T21:19:35.573" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T22:52:31.060" Title="How do I refer to a room number in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;números&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28080" CreationDate="2018-12-18T21:33:56.003" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard the first form more than the second. But certainly both are used (at least in Latin America).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your examples it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Habitación trescientos veintiocho&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Habitación trescientos ocho&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20765" LastEditorUserId="20765" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T22:52:31.060" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T22:52:31.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28083" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28084" CreationDate="2018-12-19T05:15:07.107" Score="8" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that the 2nd person of indicative present forms are a bit strange compared to Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sum&lt;/em&gt; → soy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt; → e&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;es (French &lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;, Italian &lt;em&gt;sei&lt;/em&gt;, Portuguese &lt;em&gt;és&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;est&lt;/em&gt; → es&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sumus&lt;/em&gt; → somos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;estis&lt;/em&gt; → s&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt;is (French &lt;em&gt;êtes&lt;/em&gt;, Italian &lt;em&gt;siete&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sunt&lt;/em&gt; → son&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; forms don't quite match Latin. Can anyone explain how they came to be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T07:51:47.757" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T19:39:25.927" Title="How do the second person present forms of *ser* divert from Latin?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28083" CreationDate="2018-12-19T07:49:34.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eres&lt;/em&gt; most likely&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; comes from the 2nd person singular future active indicative of sum, &lt;em&gt;eris&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;you will be&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sois&lt;/em&gt; comes from the Late Latin form *&lt;em&gt;sutis&lt;/em&gt; (formed by analogy to &lt;em&gt;sumus&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ESTIS (re-placed by *SUTIS, analogical to SUMUS) &gt; OSp. &lt;em&gt;sodes&lt;/em&gt; &gt; ModSp. &lt;em&gt;sois&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/475003&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;On the Origin of Spanish eres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Griffin (1994)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://search.proquest.com/openview/2c6c45288813fd5bd7e9e1098c878fa3/1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Origin of Spanish &quot;ser&quot;: A Phonosyntactic Analysis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Joel Rini (1997)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note that &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/27254/are-the-english-words-essence-and-essential-related-to-the-spanish-word-ser/27262#27262&quot;&gt;some other tenses of &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (future indicative, present subjunctive, conditional, imperative, infinitive, past participle, gerund) aren't related to &lt;em&gt;sum&lt;/em&gt; at all, and are inherited from the suppletion of multiple different verbs in Latin (&lt;em&gt;ire, vadere, sedere&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T19:39:25.927" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T19:39:25.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28087" CreationDate="2018-12-19T09:55:47.240" Score="5" ViewCount="5673" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n_%28nombre%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Concha&quot; se utiliza como diminutivo del nombre propio Concepción, igual que Conchita, Conchi (y con pronunciaciones similares aunque ligeramente distinta escritura en italiano, por ej: Conccia', Concetta). En el dialecto rioplatense al ser malsonante la palabra «concha» (palabra que en casi todo el Cono Sur alude a la vulva y a la vagina) era común usar para las mujeres llamadas Concepción el hipocorístico: Cochona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición actual de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=A81xUaG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;concha&lt;/a&gt; no recoge ese uso, y en cambio si recoge la acepción  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;12. f. malson. &lt;em&gt;Arg., Bol., Chile, Guat., Par., Perú y Ur.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;coño&lt;/strong&gt; (‖ vulva y vagina).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUIMenuNtlle?cmd=Lema&amp;amp;sec=1.2.0.0.0.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado que la acepción &quot;Concha = nombre propio equivalente a Concepción&quot; aparece en varios diccionarios del periodo &lt;strong&gt;1846 - 1869&lt;/strong&gt; (Salvá 1846, RAE 1852, Castro y Rossi 1852, no en Dominguez 1853 ni en Gaspar y Roig 1853, si en RAE 1869 y en Dominguez (suplemento) 1869), para luego desaparecer completamente.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, acotando la búsqueda para España y los años 1840 y 1880 apenas he hallado alguna referencia en que Concha fuera nombre de mujer, como en  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues ¡cómo... Qué tiene usted?...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y &lt;strong&gt;Concha&lt;/strong&gt; la habla al oido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y le dice... no sé qué. (Bretón de los Herreros, &lt;em&gt;Poesías&lt;/em&gt;, 1828-1870)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... las señoritas Baldomera Cruz, &lt;strong&gt;Concha Mariátegui&lt;/strong&gt;, Luisa Zárate ... (Mesonero Romanos, &lt;em&gt;Memorias de un setentón&lt;/em&gt;, 1880-1881)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué ese diminutivo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T11:24:59.257" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T23:14:29.870" Title="¿Por qué &quot;Concha&quot; es diminutivo de Concepción?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;diminutivos&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28085" CreationDate="2018-12-19T11:22:18.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este cambio de &lt;em&gt;c/s&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; no es poco común&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Spanish_diminutives_of_given_names&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17631/why-is-paco-the-equivalent-of-francisco&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; en los diminutivos de nombres propios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Nombre&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Diminutivos&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Alfon&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Pon&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Jo&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;efa&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ch&lt;/strong&gt;epa&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S&lt;/strong&gt;er&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;io&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ch&lt;/strong&gt;e&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Fran&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;isco&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Pa&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;o, Pan&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mer&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;edes&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Mer&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;e, Me&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;e&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Vi&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;ente&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Vi&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;o&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Con&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;epción&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Con&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;i, Con&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;a, Con&lt;strong&gt;ch&lt;/strong&gt;ita&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es probable que la variante que termina en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; no se origine en dialectos en los cuales &lt;em&gt;concha&lt;/em&gt; tiene un sentido vulgar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T23:14:29.870" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T23:14:29.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28085" CreationDate="2018-12-19T14:20:31.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para complementar a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28086/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de @ukemi&lt;/a&gt;, comentar que el propio término &lt;em&gt;hipocorístico&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=KT69on7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;proviene&lt;/a&gt; del griego &lt;em&gt;ὑποκοριστικός hypokoristikós&lt;/em&gt; 'acariciador'. Según Corominas, este a su vez deriva de &lt;em&gt;kypokorizomai&lt;/em&gt; 'yo hablo a la manera de los niños' o, según el diccionario Alemany y Bolufer de 1917, &quot;halagar a un niño imitando su lenguage&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es pues común que estos apodos se formen de modo que resulten fáciles de pronunciar para los más pequeños. He estado buscando y parece ser que los sonidos &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;z&lt;/em&gt; son similares en cuanto a dificultad de aprendizaje del español, pudiéndose dominar &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guiainfantil.com/articulos/salud/lenguaje/a-que-edad-pronuncian-los-ninos-cada-letra/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre los 4 o 5 años&lt;/a&gt;. Yo como padre diría que el sonido &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; es algo más fácil, y además tiene la particularidad de que hace las palabras más sonoras y divertidas. También recuerdo haber hablado al respecto con gente de otros países, por ejemplo una vez me contaron que en Japón los niños aprenden a pronunciar la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; de las últimas, siendo esta sustituida en muchas ocasiones por el sonido &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt;. Y en &lt;a href=&quot;https://kids-first.com.au/what-sounds-should-your-child-be-able-to-say&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículos en inglés&lt;/a&gt; leo que los sonidos &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncian sobre los 5 años mientras que el sonido &lt;em&gt;th&lt;/em&gt; (el equivalente a la &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;Mercedes&lt;/em&gt;) sobre los 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto explicaría los cambios comentados por ukemi (Pancho, Merche), dado que al introducir la &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; como sustituto de la segunda &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; en Concepción, la palabra se hace más sonora y fácil de pronunciar, y luego simplemente se acorta la palabra. Así resultaría &lt;em&gt;Conche&lt;/em&gt;, pero imagino que por influencia de &lt;em&gt;concha&lt;/em&gt; que ya existía previamente el hipocorístico quedaría con esa forma, que además refleja mejor el femenino del nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como curiosidad, buscando en registros históricos el registro más antiguo que he encontrado de alguien llamado Concha es un censo de 1854 de Alcoy (Alicante), de una tal Concha Jordá. Debía ser ampliamente conocida por ese apodo si la registraron así en el censo en vez de como Concepción. Hay varias Conchas también en un censo de 1875 de Sevilla. En ese mismo censo hay también alguna que otra Conche. En 1887 aparece una Concheta Plaja en un registro de Girona, seguramente la versión catalana de Conchita, que aparece también en registros hacia finales del siglo XIX. Por contra, el nombre Concetta aparece en registros italianos a partir de la primera mitad del siglo XVIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T15:45:46.167" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T15:45:46.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28129" CreationDate="2018-12-19T15:27:59.920" Score="1" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) En este diálogo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿De quién es el coche aparcado delante de nuestro garaje? Ese coche blanco.&#xA;-¡Si es el coche de Juan! Ya no reconoces ni el coche de tu hijo, ¡increíble!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿qué significa &quot;si&quot; en este caso, cómo se dice esta oración (con la palabra si) en inglés exactamente? La palabra &quot;si&quot; significa &quot;whether, if&quot;, pero no tiene sentido en este contexto. ¿Quizás se usa &quot;si&quot; para poner énfasis en algo (como &quot;que sí...&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Tengo que hacer la proxima tarea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Usted organiza una fiesta con amigos. Lea lo que dicen. ¿Qué piensa que han traído?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para que bailemos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para que no tengamos que lavar las copas.&#xA;...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar como mi primera pregunta.. Claro, son oraciones abreviadas, pero me pregunta que significa &quot;para que&quot; en este contexto exactamente (yo sé que &quot;para que&quot; significa &quot;such that&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(La propesta de solución de libro de 1 y 2 es:&#xA;1. Unos cedés.&#xA;2. Unas copas de plástico.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19736" LastEditorUserId="19736" LastEditDate="2018-12-19T15:37:09.023" LastActivityDate="2018-12-23T21:52:30.263" Title="El uso de &quot;para que&quot; y de &quot;si&quot; en ejemplos" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subordinadas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28089" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28091" CreationDate="2018-12-19T16:15:53.003" Score="2" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a Spanish equivalent to &quot;Noun by Noun&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe in this case &quot;by&quot; is a preposition, but I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My specific phrase is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vote by Vote, Seat by Seat, Bill by Bill, Law by Law&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voto por Voto, Puesto por Puesto, Proyecto por Proyecto, Ley por Ley&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if that translates correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it should be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voto sobre Voto, Puesto sobre Puesto, Proyecto sobre Proyecto, Ley sobre Ley&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise I'm thinking it might make more sense to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Con Votos, Con Puestos, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T06:38:45.670" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T06:38:45.670" Title="&quot;[Noun] by [Noun]&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28088" CreationDate="2018-12-19T16:25:44.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have answered your own questions in the text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1 - the respondent is surprised because the questioner (John) should have recognised his son's car. There must be many ways of saying this in English, perhaps starting the sentence &quot;But is it ..&quot; would be one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q2 - yes the clauses give the reason for the preceding action which was to be supplied. They brought plastic cups so we did not have to wash the glasses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T16:25:44.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28089" CreationDate="2018-12-19T16:34:28.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither &quot;voto por voto&quot; nor &quot;voto sobre voto&quot; make sense in this context. Your last choice might make sense, but if you want a more accurate translation you need to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voto a voto, puesto a puesto, proyecto a proyecto...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sense the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; preposition indicates the time elapsed or between two events or space between two places, as in &quot;un voto tras otro&quot; or &quot;un voto después de otro&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;voto por voto&quot; means something like &quot;a vote in exchange for another&quot;, as in &quot;I vote you if you vote for me&quot;. I cannot make sense of &quot;voto sobre voto&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T16:34:28.153" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28093" CreationDate="2018-12-19T18:19:45.070" Score="2" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe &quot;that will make history&quot; would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que hará historia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &quot;that is making&quot; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que está haciendo historia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &quot;History-making&quot; a phrase that would make sense in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like &quot;History-making pole vault.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T01:50:05.187" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T01:50:05.187" Title="¿Como se dice &quot;&quot;History-making&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28092" CreationDate="2018-12-19T19:10:45.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't relate to any word being used as an adjective for some person, event or action that is going to be a history-making person/event/action. However, you could use the sentence &lt;em&gt;que hace historia&lt;/em&gt; as you stated in your examples: &lt;em&gt;un salto con pértiga que hará historia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, although &lt;em&gt;hacer historia&lt;/em&gt; makes total sense, for your first example you could also use &lt;em&gt;pasará a la historia&lt;/em&gt;, which would be it is something which is going to be remembered. Be careful though, as using the verb &lt;em&gt;pasar&lt;/em&gt; could also be understood as it hasn't got a great importance and is just becoming part of the past or just doesn't have any future. Depends on the context. As for your example, used in the same way as &quot;que hará historia&quot;, &lt;em&gt;un salto con pértiga que &lt;strong&gt;pasará&lt;/strong&gt; a la historia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20678" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T19:10:45.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28099" CreationDate="2018-12-19T19:11:09.103" Score="2" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;When reading about using the auxiliary verb &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; in the imperfect subjunctive, it always seems to be used in a conditional type sentence. For example all examples I've come across when reading about this topic in Spanish grammar &quot;resources&quot; always include the imperfect subjunctive used with the conditional indicative to form a construction like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;si &amp;lt;hubiera ahorrado&amp;gt; mas dinero &amp;lt;habría comprado&amp;gt; eso nuevo carro.&#xA;If I had saved more money I would have bought that new car.&#xA;or&#xA;&amp;lt;habría comprado&amp;gt; eso nuevo carro si &amp;lt;hubiera ahorrado&amp;gt; mas dinero.&#xA;I would have bought that new car if I had saved more money.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But outside of grammar books and resources, I hear &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; &quot;imperfect subjunctive + Past Participle&quot; used by itself, not in a conditional form. For example, in a sentence like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me hubiera dado vergüenza de copiar de alguien en clase.&#xA;I would have been ashamed to copy from someone in class.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; in its &quot;imperfect subjunctive + past participle&quot; form in a sentence without it being conditional? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-08T18:47:57.403" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T18:51:54.577" Title="Can I use haber in its &quot;imperfect subjunctive + past participle&quot; in a sentence without it being conditional?" Tags="&lt;conjunciones&gt;&lt;verbos-auxiliares&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28096" CreationDate="2018-12-19T20:07:45.950" Score="5" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he topado con este diálogo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Sabes por qué eres tan importante para mí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿&lt;strong&gt;Porque&lt;/strong&gt; soy tu hermano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Exacto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; no puede usarse en una pregunta debería usarse &lt;strong&gt;por qué&lt;/strong&gt;. El problema radica en que, de poner &lt;strong&gt;por qué&lt;/strong&gt; (¿Por qué soy tu hermano?) cambiaría el sentido de la pregunta, puesto que pasaría a preguntar el porqué de ser hermanos, en lugar del porqué de ser tan importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien formulada la pregunta?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20735" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T13:48:03.597" Title="Curioso caso de &quot;porque&quot; en una pregunta: &quot;¿*Porque* soy tu hermano?&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28095" CreationDate="2018-12-19T20:48:32.420" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso de &quot;porque&quot; en esa pregunta es correcto puesto que es una pregunta que &lt;strong&gt;responde&lt;/strong&gt; a otra. La respuesta, por cierto, es dubitativa: de allí el uso del interrogativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podríamos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Sabes por qué eres tan importante para mí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿Acaso (soy importante para ti) &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; soy tu hermano? ¿O tal vez (soy importante para ti) &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; soy tu confidente? ¿O quizás (soy importante para ti) &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; soy el único que tolera tus caprichos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las tres preguntas precedentes en realidad esconden &lt;strong&gt;posibles respuestas&lt;/strong&gt; a la pregunta del interlocutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-12-19T20:48:32.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19473" CreationDate="2018-12-19T22:29:47.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;lo otro es que baracunatana , lo mas seguro es que se refiere a una mujer que le guste la bareta o mariguana, lo otro es que guaricha es un termino indígena que fue tergiversado con la llegada de los españoles , la guaricha es una mujer guerrera que se les enfrentó a los españoles y peleó en su contra , era además una princesa, hija de un cacique y que era muy bella.También se entendía que la guaricha era una mujer hermosa. Pero ahora, una guaricha es una mujer burda, que habla mal y no es educada. En todo caso, muy alejado a una guerrera o mujer hermosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien garoso si es glotón, pero aquí también se usa el termino hacia la promiscuidad. Retrechera es una mujer sexualmente muy activa y que no cobra.&#xA;Garulla es una mala persona, un ladrón, una persona de muy bajo nivel, mal&#xA;educado, burdo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además quiero aclarar que la canción no es de los Aterciopelados, sino un &lt;em&gt;cover&lt;/em&gt; que ellos hicieron. En esta página resumen un poco sobre ella: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/leeporgusto/posts/baracunatana-es-una-canci%C3%B3n-compuesta-por-el-m%C3%BAsico-colombiano-leonidas-plaza-id/1069429309748252/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.facebook.com/leeporgusto/posts/baracunatana-es-una-canci%C3%B3n-compuesta-por-el-m%C3%BAsico-colombiano-leonidas-plaza-id/1069429309748252/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20780" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T09:12:14.067" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T09:12:14.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28094" CreationDate="2018-12-20T01:15:25.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tense you're using in your examples is not the imperfect, but the pluperfect--the imperfect subjunctive for &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ahorrar&lt;/em&gt; in the first person singular are &lt;em&gt;comprara&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;comprase&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ahorrara&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ahorrase&lt;/em&gt; respectively. The question holds anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most common uses of the subjunctive mood is in conditional sentences, but it's not the only one. You can use the subjunctive in sentences expressing doubt, for example. This is independent from the tense. You'll be learning these uses in time. There are a lot of examples using conditional sentences in the textbooks because conditionals are used very often and they are not difficult to learn as a pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of non-conditional pluperfect subjunctive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No creí que hubiera hecho eso.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I didn't believe that he had done that.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This other sentence is another matter, though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me hubiera dado vergüenza de copiar de alguien en clase.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;I would have been ashamed to copy someone in class.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the &quot;proper&quot; sentence would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; dado vergüenza de copiar de alguien en clase.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.completespanishguide.com/verbs/conditional.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conditional mood&lt;/a&gt;. But in Spanish, historically and still to this day, the subjunctive and the conditional have often been confused, each one taking over functions from the other or being used one instead of the other. So it's very common to hear &lt;em&gt;me hubiera dado vergüenza&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;me habría dado vergüenza&lt;/em&gt;, and it's been accepted by the language authorities and nobody will find it wrong. &#xA;(Outside formal speech it's not rare to find the opposite, i.e. the conditional used instead of the subjunctive; but this is definitely wrong and strongly discouraged.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that the sentence is in a way a conditional statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me habría/hubiera dado vergüenza de copiar de alguien en clase.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;actually means you would have been ashamed &lt;strong&gt;if&lt;/strong&gt; you had copied from someone. The conditional or subjunctive mood conveys this hypothetical feeling. You could express it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me habría/hubiera dado vergüenza &lt;strong&gt;si hubiese copiado&lt;/strong&gt; de alguien en clase.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Hubiera&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hubiese&lt;/em&gt; are exactly the same; they just happened to come out that way but you could use the same one in both parts of the sentence, or invert what I did.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-09-08T18:51:54.577" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T18:51:54.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28103" CreationDate="2018-12-20T03:14:42.780" Score="2" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, the term &quot;member-elect&quot; refers to a person having been elected to a legislative body, but &lt;em&gt;not yet having been sworn into office&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found on Google Translate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;miembro electo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T09:31:02.540" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T09:31:02.540" Title="How do you say 'member-elect' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32302" CreationDate="2018-12-20T07:11:45.047" Score="5" ViewCount="552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Andaba yo preguntándome el origen de las voces &lt;em&gt;mantecado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;polvorón&lt;/em&gt;. El primero parece claro: se trata de bollos hechos con manteca de vaca o cerdo. Pero el segundo no lo tenía tan claro, aunque afortunadamente la definición del DLE lo resuelve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Tc4DEKA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;polvorón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;pólvora&lt;/em&gt; 'partículas a que se reduce una cosa sólida'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Torta, comúnmente pequeña, de harina, manteca y azúcar, cocida en horno fuerte y que se deshace en polvo al comerla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego me puse a investigar cuán antigua es esta palabra. Su primera entrada en el DLE fue en 1925, con la misma definición que tiene ahora. Hay entradas anteriores en otros diccionarios (1917 y 1918) pero hacen referencia a un tipo de panecillo o bizcocho que se hace en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en la hemeroteca de la BNE se encuentran casos bastante anteriores, y parecen poner su origen en Andalucía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AVISO A GOLOSOS. El &lt;em&gt;dulce&lt;/em&gt; gremio de configeros de esta Corte acaba de hacer una adquisicion importante con la compañia andaluza que se ha situado su despacho en [...]. Pero lo mejor del caso [...] es la abundancia de dulces de todas clases, [...] &lt;em&gt;pastillas de pererita, yemas de capuchinas, idem de boca de dama, bizcochos del buen amigo, idem á la bombé, pan del asistente y tortas de polvoron&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Indicador de los espectáculos y del buen gusto. 14/12/1822, n.º 224, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sí, antes de que el polvorón tuviera entidad propia (los polvorones son una &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaela_Ruiz_T%C3%A9llez&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;variedad de mantecados&lt;/a&gt; surgida a mediados del siglo XIX), la palabra se usaba como complemento para denominar a las &lt;em&gt;tortas de polvorón&lt;/em&gt;, con la misma textura terrosa que los polvorones pero en formato más estirado y plano. Estas tortas de polvorón se llevan haciendo en Sevilla y alrededores desde hace más de un siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el caso más antiguo que he encontrado de la palabra &lt;em&gt;polvorón&lt;/em&gt; de momento. ¿Es posible afinar un poco más y buscar casos anteriores que certifiquen (o no) el origen andaluz de la palabra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T07:56:47.323" LastActivityDate="2019-12-16T10:49:40.360" Title="Sobre el origen de la palabra &quot;polvorón&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28100" CreationDate="2018-12-20T08:15:50.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=electo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;electo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; means exactly the same as it does in English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20678" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T08:15:50.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-20T12:56:19.223" Score="1" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jesus said to his disciples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Come apart and &lt;strong&gt;rest&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I then say this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yes, I took the day off and now &lt;strong&gt;I am well-rested&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could it be &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Estoy bien descansado&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-12-31T17:16:14.547" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T17:16:14.547" Title="How do you say &quot;I am rested&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28106" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-20T13:50:05.603" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would I change this exhortation from the Bible into a prayer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hebreos 4:16 Nueva Versión Internacional (NVI)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Así que acerquémonos confiadamente al trono de la gracia para recibir misericordia y hallar la gracia que nos ayude en el momento que más la necesitemos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this: &quot;Acerquémonos, pues, confiadamente al trono de la gracia, para alcanzar misericordia y hallar gracia para el oportuno socorro.&quot;--&#xA;RVR1960&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be this? &quot;Gracias, Dios, que podemos acercar confiadamente al trono de la gracia, para alcanzar misericordia y hallar gracia para el oportuno socoro.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or would the following be better: &quot;Asi a tu trono de la gracia podemos reciber misericordia y hallar la gracia que nos ayude en el momento que mas la necesitamos.&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T13:50:05.603" Title="Trying to change an exhortation into a prayer" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2019-02-18T08:24:28.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28079" CreationDate="2018-12-20T14:19:49.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una buena opción parece ser &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldcat.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WorldCat&lt;/a&gt;, que se define a sí misma como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WorldCat is the world's largest network of library content and services. WorldCat libraries are dedicated to providing access to their resources on the Web, where most people start their search for information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He hecho un par de búsquedas de libros en Español y me entrega muy buenos resultados. Parece ser un recurso que sólo va a crecer, en la medida que más y más unviersidades y bibliotecas se unan a su servicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="18793" LastEditDate="2018-12-20T14:24:53.787" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T14:24:53.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28079" CreationDate="2018-12-20T15:45:02.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tienes también el recurso de las agencias nacionales del ISBN, donde están catalogadas todas las ediciones a las que se adjudican un ISBN. El problema es que, hasta donde alcanzo a saber, sólo están disponibles a nivel nacional, por separado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aquí tienes, por ejemplo, la española: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mcu.es/webISBN/tituloSimpleFilter.do?cache=init&amp;amp;prev_layout=busquedaisbn&amp;amp;layout=busquedaisbn&amp;amp;language=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agencia Española del ISBN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T15:45:02.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-21T08:01:11.950" Score="5" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;El sustantivo femenino &lt;strong&gt;LEA&lt;/strong&gt; aparece definido en varios diccionarios (1853 Dominguez suplemento, 1855 Gaspar y Roig, 1869 Domíguez suplemento; RAE Manual 1927, 1950, 1984, 1989) como &lt;strong&gt;ramera&lt;/strong&gt; (en los primeros como &lt;em&gt;vulg&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;germ&lt;/em&gt;, en los de la RAE, como &lt;em&gt;fam&lt;/em&gt;. y en las dos últimas ediciones, como apunta @Charlie, como &lt;em&gt;desus&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En los demás diccionarios que he podido consultar mediante el NTLLE no figura (por ejemplo, en ninguna de las restantes ediciones del DLE entre 1927 y 1989), al igual que tampoco figura en la edición actual del DLE.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de argot español&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; de Luis Besses (1905 según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Besses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se recoge:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  d. Prostituta. || Peseta.   [la &lt;em&gt;d.&lt;/em&gt; indica &lt;em&gt;argot delincuente&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario Etimológico&lt;/strong&gt; de Corominas tampoco aparece.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de María Moliner&lt;/strong&gt; aparece como &lt;strong&gt;f. &lt;em&gt;Prostituta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; sin ninguna otra marca; en el &lt;strong&gt;Diccionario del Español Actual&lt;/strong&gt; de Manuel Seco aparece con la marca (&lt;em&gt;jerg.&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra? ¿Tal vez hay una relación con el episodio bíblico del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;primer matrimonio de Jacob&lt;/a&gt;? y ¿por qué ha tenido esa extraña vida en el DLE, apareciendo solo en algunas ediciones, desapareciendo después?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2018-12-29T19:16:23.453" LastActivityDate="2020-09-05T12:34:39.527" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;lea&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2018-12-21T08:47:01.410" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debe de ser una palabra de uso en ámbitos restringidos, ya sea de forma geográfica, temporal, social o lo que sea. En todas las ediciones del &lt;em&gt;Academia manual&lt;/em&gt; aparece la definición precedida por un corchete, lo que significa que es una entrada, digamos, en grado de tentativa. Como dice la propia RAE, las voces precedidas de corchetes en el &lt;em&gt;Academia manual&lt;/em&gt; son vocablos &quot;que la Academia no censura, pero que aún no se decide a incorporar a su léxico&quot;. Y de hecho en las ediciones de 1984 y 1989 ya aparece como &quot;en desuso&quot;, por lo que nunca llegó a tener la ocasión de incorporarse a dicho léxico &quot;oficial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complicado resulta buscar en el CORDE alguna acepción de &lt;em&gt;lea&lt;/em&gt; con el significado de &quot;ramera&quot;, dado que los casos que veo son todos del subjuntivo de &lt;em&gt;leer&lt;/em&gt;. Paso a buscar en el &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; pues. Aquí sí veo varias fichas que recogen el significado de &lt;em&gt;lea&lt;/em&gt; que nos atañe. Se ve que es una voz de la germanía, que no se debió de popularizar como muchas otras. Una ficha la sitúa en Pamplona y la asemeja a las voces &lt;em&gt;pilurri&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;leona&lt;/em&gt;. Otra ficha de 1980 afirma que es una voz marginal. Otra curiosamente suaviza su significado a &quot;amiga preferida&quot; o &quot;novia&quot;. Otra ficha afirma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su significación se ha ido desplazando. Hace algunos años, esta palabra fue sinónimo de 'mujer' y más tarde de 'prostituta'. Llegó a nosotros a través de la germanía &lt;em&gt;lumia&lt;/em&gt; 'ramera'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fíjate que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NhbNLCL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;lumia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; sí aparece en el DLE (y como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;prostituta&lt;/em&gt;, aunque poco usada). Esta ficha (y alguna otra que he visto) hablan sobre el español de Cuba, así que me voy al CORDE y restrinjo la búsqueda a este país:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] encontramos en Las Vegas a Arsenio Cué, que nos estuvo evitando no invitando toda la noche porque estaba con una hembra vulgo lea, geva o ninpha [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guillermo Cabrera Infante, &quot;Tres tristes tigres&quot;, 1964-1967 (Cuba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado esto pensé que la palabra tal vez aparecería en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, pero no es así. El caso es ese, que ha sido una palabra de muy poco uso (y ese poco uso puede ser temporal, porque en otra ficha de 1921 dice que fue común tanto en España como en gran parte de América) y por tanto no ha llegado a pasar en diccionarios de ese &quot;grado de tentativa&quot; mencionado. Debió tener un auge a principios del siglo XX y por eso se planteó su inclusión en el diccionario, pero acabó cayendo rápidamente en desuso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T08:47:01.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28115" CreationDate="2018-12-21T11:28:41.307" Score="11" ViewCount="1429" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dentro del precioso proceso de aprendizaje del idioma, mi hija de tres años ya ha cogido bastante soltura. Ello se ve con la facilidad que deduce palabras en función de las reglas que poco a poco va asimilando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella claro, ya entiendo que existe el género masculino y femenino para los adjetivos. Y del mismo modo que si decimos que &lt;em&gt;el coche es &lt;strong&gt;blanco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y luego &lt;em&gt;la pelota es &lt;strong&gt;blanca&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, automáticamente intuye que si &lt;em&gt;el árbol es &lt;strong&gt;marrón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; entonces &lt;em&gt;la silla es &lt;strong&gt;marrona&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero claro, todos hemos levantado la ceja al leer &lt;em&gt;marrona&lt;/em&gt; porque sabemos que para este adjetivo el femenino también es &lt;em&gt;marrón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces estuve investigando un poco y vi que en la Wikipedia se habla de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_de_los_colores&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Género de los colores&lt;/a&gt; y de que hay dos hipótesis sobre &lt;em&gt;el bajo porcentaje de colores que tengan flexión de género&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los colores con género corresponden a coloraciones de pelo en humanos y animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los colores con género corresponden a las tonalidades encontradas en las pinturas rupestres de la península ibérica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y me pregunto: ¿hay algún estudio extenso al respecto? ¿Alguna de las dos hipótesis tiene mayor recepción entre la comunidad lingüística?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-01-08T17:22:32.520" LastActivityDate="2020-02-21T14:37:24.550" Title="¿Por qué el color &quot;marrón&quot; no tiene femenino &quot;marrona&quot;? En general, ¿por qué tan pocos colores tienen género femenino diferenciado?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;colores&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-21T13:23:40.497" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algunas palabras se usan casi exclusivamente en locuciones. Estoy pensando en &lt;strong&gt;ínfulas,&lt;/strong&gt; que aparece casi siempre en la forma &lt;strong&gt;tener ínfulas&lt;/strong&gt; (solo la he encontrado de otro modo en los textos en los que se explica el origen de esta expresión y siempre en plural). ¿Alguna otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T09:20:46.140" Title="Palabras que solo se usan en locuciones" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28053" CreationDate="2018-12-21T13:27:20.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A todas las apuntadas, cabría añadir desde España la de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cu%C3%B1ao&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuñao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;cuñado&lt;/em&gt;, normalmente en masculino, como aquel que lo sabe todo sobre todo, que descubre quan equivocados están todos, que conoce todas las ofertas, que lo encuentra todo como nadie, cuyo análisis es vital para comprender la actualidad... Es una broma sobre el &lt;em&gt;cuñado&lt;/em&gt; que viene los domingos a salvar la barbacoa, y que se ha convertido en un sinónimo más a listo, en la acepción indicada por @Diego, enterado, sabihondo o sábelotodo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-11-03T08:11:41.173" LastActivityDate="2019-11-03T08:11:41.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28112" CreationDate="2018-12-21T13:58:35.797" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marrón&lt;/em&gt; proviene del francés &lt;em&gt;marron&lt;/em&gt; /maʁɔ̃/ &quot;castaña&quot;, y como otros colores cuyos nombres provienen de sustantivos, es invariable en género. (En francés también se utiliza &lt;em&gt;marron&lt;/em&gt; como color y es invariable inclusive en número.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mI4vH.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mI4vH.png&quot; alt=&quot;Wiktionary: marron&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Color marrón&lt;/em&gt; significa entonces &quot;color castaña&quot;, que formalmente es incorrecto; debería ser &quot;color &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; castaña&quot;. De la misma manera decimos &lt;em&gt;color ratón, color manzana&lt;/em&gt;, todos ellos invariables en género y número; &lt;em&gt;marrón&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;em&gt;naranja&lt;/em&gt;, ya se lexicalizó lo suficiente como adjetivo como para concordar en número con el sustantivo que modifica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T13:58:35.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28116" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-21T14:39:37.753" Score="3" ViewCount="6975" Body="&lt;p&gt;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/palindromo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;palíndromo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Palabra o expresión que es igual si se lee de izquierda a derecha que&#xA;  de derecha a izquierda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba, por curiosidad y a modo de &quot;competición&quot; entre las respuestas, quién conoce el más largo (que tenga sentido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20735" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-24T11:04:43.483" LastActivityDate="2020-04-03T18:31:58.407" Title="¿Qué palíndromos existen que sean realmente largos?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;curiosidades&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28116" CreationDate="2018-12-21T15:54:04.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;25 caracteres&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un clásico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dábale arroz a la zorra el abad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T15:54:04.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28116" CreationDate="2018-12-21T16:35:48.763" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;30 caracteres&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La ruta nos aportó otro paso natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20790" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-21T18:48:22.840" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T18:48:22.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28119" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-21T20:05:35.697" Score="1" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the translation might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mas largo duradero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I guess would literally mean &quot;most long enduring&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mas duradero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe would be &quot;most enduring&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm hoping for &quot;longest enduring.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T18:05:24.940" Title="How do you say &quot;longest enduring&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20736" CreationDate="2018-12-21T21:20:53.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, in point 1.1.2.b of the link bellow, it is allowed the use of &quot;if subjunctive+subjunctive&quot;, and &quot;if subjunctive+contitional&quot;, but (at least for me) the use of two subjuctives in the same phrase sounds very strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la condición se refiere al pasado, la prótasis va en pretérito pluscuamperfecto o antepretérito de subjuntivo y en la apódosis se emplea este mismo tiempo, preferentemente la forma en -ra, aunque también se admite la forma en -se: Si hubiera/hubiese tenido dinero, me hubiera/hubiese comprado un coche; el condicional compuesto o antepospretérito: Si hubieras/hubieses estudiado, habrías aprobado; o el condicional simple o pospretérito: Si hubiera/hubiese terminado los estudios, hoy tendría un trabajo mejor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20791" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-27T16:52:22.913" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T16:52:22.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28116" CreationDate="2018-12-21T22:57:52.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la Wikipedia en su artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C3%ADndromo#En_espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Palíndromo&lt;/a&gt;, existen muchos y algunos bastante largos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;291 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adivina ya te opina, ya ni miles origina, ya ni cetro me domina, ya ni monarcas, a repaso ni mulato carreta, acaso nicotina, ya ni cita vecino, anima cocina, pedazo gallina, cedazo terso nos retoza de canilla goza, de pánico camina, ónice vaticina, ya ni tocino saca, a terracota luminosa pera, sacra nómina y ánimo de mortecina, ya ni giros elimina, ya ni poeta, ya ni vida (de Ricardo Ochoa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;115 caracteres&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Allí por la tropa portado, traído a ese paraje de maniobras, una tipa como capitán usar boina me dejara, pese a odiar toda tropa por tal ropilla (de Luis Torrent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2018-12-21T22:57:52.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28113" CreationDate="2018-12-22T00:39:31.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bpfd3xx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vilo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solo se usa en la expresión &lt;strong&gt;en vilo&lt;/strong&gt;. Puedes verlo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22985/6915&quot;&gt;¿Significa algo “vilo” por sí solo? ¿Cuál es su etimología?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2018-12-22T00:39:31.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28112" CreationDate="2018-12-22T10:40:28.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No soy capaz de encontrar ninguna referencia al respecto, pero claramente los colores con género son  aquéllos que acaban en &quot;-o&quot;, ya que entonces se puede convertir al femenino solamente cambiándola por &quot;-a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rojo, roja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amarillo, amarilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Morado, morada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negro, negra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Blanco, blanca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intuyo que podría ser una extrapolación de los adjetivos en general; por ejemplo pequeño→pequeña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, adjetivos que terminan en &quot;e&quot; son válidos para ambos géneros, como &quot;verde&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los que ya terminan en &quot;a&quot; en masculino no pueden formarse en femenino sin cambiar la palabra, de modo que se quedan igual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Naranja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rosa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y quedarían los que terminan en consonante: gris, azul, marrón... Honestamente sí que no entiendo por qué no se dice grisa, azula y marrona. Uno peude pensar que suena mal, pero suena mal porque no estamos acostumbrados solamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, yo creo que, más bien, habría que buscar la etimología de los colores, y ver por qué rojo y amarillo terminan en &quot;o&quot;, pero no se dice &quot;azulo&quot;, por ejemplo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-12-22T10:40:28.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28128" CreationDate="2018-12-23T05:50:27.203" Score="4" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess in English we use the term &quot;stand for&quot; to mean two almost opposite things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We won't stand for it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind of means we stand against it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What we stand for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind of means we represent it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que representamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the meaning I'm going for here, but I think that &quot;stand for&quot; evokes a more active participation in the support of the represented thing. It is evocative of &quot;standing up&quot;, &quot;standing up for&quot; and maybe even &quot;marching.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One might say &quot;I stand for Truth, Justice and Liberty&quot;, but in English we probably wouldn't say &quot;I represent Truth, Justice, etc...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que defendemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Captures a similar potentially militant approach, but seems defensive if I think of it literally. I imagine I'm looking for a phrase that might have been associated with a political movement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few words I have found on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reverso.net/translationresults.aspx?lang=EN&amp;amp;direction=english-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reverso.net&lt;/a&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Significamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I would think means we Signify, which sounds a bit more active than Represent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apoyamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I'm seeing as Support meaning more active, but not necessarily part of moving the thing forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aguantamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is Endure, put up with... more the Tolerate side of Stand For.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solidarizamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English at least in America, Solidarity doesn't even have an active version (verb) at least that I've ever heard of before. It's also very evocative of Socialism and other &lt;em&gt;dreaded enemies of the establishment&lt;/em&gt;. I imagine that's also true for Spanish speaking Americans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this conservatively progressive, liberal organization I'm leaning towards, but undecided between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que significamos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que defendemos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any obvious good choices I'm missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-02T20:11:58.593" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T20:11:58.593" Title="Translate &quot;Stand For&quot; as in &quot;Represent&quot; as opposed to &quot;Tolerate&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28126" CreationDate="2018-12-23T20:11:13.143" Score="2" ViewCount="1750" Body="&lt;p&gt;One sometimes hears children say &lt;em&gt;gomitar&lt;/em&gt; in place of &lt;em&gt;vomitar&lt;/em&gt;. Is this a valid word in any dialect of Spanish, or is it just a mistake that children make?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T19:36:16.643" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T19:36:16.643" Title="Is &quot;gomitar&quot; a real word?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28125" CreationDate="2018-12-23T20:11:13.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gomitar&lt;/em&gt; (as well as its derivations &lt;em&gt;gomitador, gomitadura, gómito&lt;/em&gt; etc) was historically considered standard Spanish, and is recorded in dictionaries from 1495 to 1869 (beyond 1721 with the note that its use was &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;antiquado&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays it is not used in any prestige dialect, however, it does still survive in some rural dialects of American Spanish&lt;sup&gt;2 3&lt;/sup&gt;. Specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gomitar.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I.   1.&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;CR, Pe, Bo,&lt;/em&gt; rur; vulg; &lt;em&gt;Mx, PR,&lt;/em&gt; vulg; pop; &lt;em&gt;ES, Co,&lt;/em&gt; rur; &lt;em&gt;Ch,&lt;/em&gt; pop. Vomitar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also exists as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a loan word in some American languages&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the standard word in Ladino&lt;sup&gt;5 6&lt;/sup&gt; (which split off from Old Spanish when the word still had currency in the 15-16th century)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, though it hasn't survived in Peninsular Spanish it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; found in some dialects of neighbouring Catalan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; and Portuguese&lt;sup&gt;5 6&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nuevo Tesoro Lexicográfico de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=fq5js5brciAC&amp;amp;pg=PA476&amp;amp;dq=gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Grammar of Huallaga (Huánuco) Quechua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, David Weber (p.476, n.43)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de americanismos: &lt;em&gt;gomitar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;4. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=gomitar&amp;amp;Id=77573&amp;amp;search=gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionari català-valencià-balear: &lt;em&gt;gomitar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;5. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/vocabulario-portuguez-latino/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vocabulario portuguez &amp;amp; latino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Bluteau (1721)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;6. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gomitar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-23T20:24:41.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28124" CreationDate="2018-12-23T21:44:04.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say the answer lies between &lt;em&gt;defender&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;apoyar&lt;/em&gt;. The latter sounds a bit soft: &lt;em&gt;apoyar&lt;/em&gt; is not sufficiently active, in the sense that it can simply mean &quot;to be in favor of&quot;, without the militant tone one associates with the English phrase &quot;to stand for&quot;. The former is more forceful but it also sounds reactive: &lt;em&gt;defender&lt;/em&gt; tends to suggest resistance against a previous attack. I would say &lt;em&gt;defender&lt;/em&gt; is the better choice in your particular case, since &lt;em&gt;defender&lt;/em&gt; also means simply &quot;to stand for&quot;, in the static sense (the way a fortified tower defends a mountain pass, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can forget about the rest of the alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;significar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to mean&quot;; saying &quot;I mean truth, justice and liberty&quot; is like saying you are the embodiment of truth, etc., which is not what you actually mean and is also terribly presumptuous;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;aguantar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to resist, to endure; to hold fast against; to tolerate&quot;; it's used with things you don't like, so it's exactly the opposite of you need;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;solidarizarse&lt;/em&gt;, in the pronominal form, means &quot;to show solidarity for&quot;; it's used with people, groups of people, or matters affecting groups of people, but not with abstractions like truth, justice and liberty.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-23T21:44:04.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28088" CreationDate="2018-12-23T21:52:30.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a la pregunta (1), el DRAE recoge este uso de &quot;si&quot; en la acepción (5):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. U. a principio de frase, da énfasis o energía a las expresiones de duda o aseveración. ¿Si será verdad lo del testamento? ¡Si dije que esto no podía parar en bien!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este &quot;si&quot; es una conjunción y no debe confundirse con el adverbio de afirmación que lleva tilde. Observa la diferencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) Conjunción &quot;si&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¿De quién es el coche aparcado delante de nuestro garaje? Ese coche blanco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡&lt;strong&gt;Si&lt;/strong&gt; es el coche de Juan! Ya no reconoces ni el coche de tu hijo. ¡Increíble!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) Adverbio &quot;sí&quot; (con tilde):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ese coche blanco aparcado delante de nuestro garaje no es de Juan(, ¿no?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-¡&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt;, es el coche de Juan! / ¡&lt;strong&gt;Sí&lt;/strong&gt; que es el coche de Juan! Ya no reconoces ni el coche de tu hijo. ¡Increíble!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que en (A) &quot;sí&quot; simplemente introduce la respuesta &quot;es el coche de Juan&quot;, en (B) &quot;sí&quot; (o &quot;sí que&quot;) tiene el efecto de afirmar como respuesta a la negación del interlocutor, que no cree que sea el auto de Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés (suponiendo que ese sea tu idioma nativo), (A) podría equivaler a &lt;em&gt;Come on, it's Juan's car&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que (B) equivaldría a &lt;em&gt;Yes, it is Juan's car / It is Juan's car indeed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a (2), &quot;para que&quot; introduce la finalidad o el propósito, y sería equivalente a &lt;em&gt;so that&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;for the purpose of&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para que bailemos (&lt;em&gt;So that we can dance / For us to dance / For dancing&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Para que no tengamos que lavar las copas. (&lt;em&gt;So that we won't need to wash any glasses&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-12-23T21:52:30.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-23T23:12:23.590" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is the following phrase better or worse than the one after:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Afortunadamente, Dios no se limita a cualquier locale geográfico. (Fortunately, God is not limited to any geographic location). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Afortunadamente, Dios no se limita a ningún lugar geográfico. (Fortunately, God does not limit himself to any geographic location).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2018-12-24T14:06:58.907" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T14:06:58.907" Title="Why change what follows &quot;no se limita&quot; from &quot;a cualquier locale...&quot; to &quot;a ningun lugar geografico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28130" CreationDate="2018-12-24T00:30:35.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;not&quot; + &quot;any&quot; is usually translated as &quot;ningún&quot; rather than as a negative sentence containing the indefinite adjective &quot;cualquier&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fortunately, God does not limit himself to any geographic location.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should then be translated as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Afortunadamente, Dios no se limita a ningún lugar geográfico.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That double negative is somewhat emphatic. If you don't want to be emphatic, you can also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Afortunadamente, Dios no se limita a un lugar geográfico.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This obviously refer to God's omnipresence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, considering the religious content of the sentence, I think we could stretch the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0NO8Xkn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepción de personas&lt;/a&gt; which is used in the Bible and say something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Afortunadamente, Dios no hace acepción de lugares&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;meaning that God does not favor one place over another (supposing that is the intended meaning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T00:30:35.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28104" CreationDate="2018-12-24T14:27:14.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common way is to say &quot;Ya descansé&quot;, but also you can say &quot;Estoy descansado&quot; or &quot;Estoy bien descansado&quot; (like well rested)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20801" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T14:27:14.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28119" CreationDate="2018-12-24T18:05:24.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no simple way to translate that kind of English construction (adjective + present participle) into Spanish. You will have to use a periphrasis, that is, to rephrase it. Something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el partido político de más larga trayectoria del país&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;el partido político que ha existido por más tiempo en el país&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Duradero&lt;/em&gt; is not the word you're looking for; it means something that is capable of lasting, or that has shown that it can last, but it doesn't really belong with &lt;em&gt;partido político&lt;/em&gt; (it does belong with building materials, or with some abstractions like &lt;em&gt;paz&lt;/em&gt; &quot;peace&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T18:05:24.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28116" CreationDate="2018-12-24T18:14:58.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With enclitics&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12 letras:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YMJg1pm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sonetéetenos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sans enclitics&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10 letras:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=somarrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;somarramos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9 letras:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=abatatar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abatataba&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=someter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sometemos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=reconocer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reconocer&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xf0BzPR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sereseres&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XDnRETh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sanidinas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Special mention to the nearly palindromic &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dadivosidad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dadivosidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.carbajo.net/varios/pal.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;195.591 Palíndromos Españoles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Víctor Carbajo&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-23T16:57:31.197" LastActivityDate="2020-03-23T16:57:31.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28053" CreationDate="2018-12-24T19:43:54.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque las principales ya las han comentado, me gustaría añadir una más que se usa solamente en Andalucía:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;maestro liendres&lt;/em&gt;, que de nada sabe y de todo entiende.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20153" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2018-12-25T21:42:16.633" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T21:42:16.633" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28196" CreationDate="2018-12-24T22:40:04.087" Score="2" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm seeing in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/1774/how-does-one-chain-noun-adjuncts-in-spanish&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; that while&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mujer de Nueva York&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is not incorrect, it's also not very eloquent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that New York has its own adjective in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;neoyorquino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So would&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mujer neoyorquino&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;make sense? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;demócrata washingtoniano&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T05:43:50.917" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T06:11:33.260" Title="Noun Adjuncts associating a noun with a place: New York Woman, Washington Democrat" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28137" CreationDate="2018-12-24T23:51:19.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing inelegant about using &lt;em&gt;mujer de Nueva York&lt;/em&gt;.  Note that if you do use the demonym (called a &lt;em&gt;gentilicio&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish), it does need to agree in gender and number.  So you'll have &lt;em&gt;mujer neoyorquina&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;de [lugar]&lt;/em&gt; can be more precise in some cases, especially if the adjective might refer to more than one thing (&lt;em&gt;un texto español&lt;/em&gt; could be &lt;em&gt;un texto &lt;strong&gt;en español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (which may be from anywhere) or &lt;em&gt;un texto &lt;strong&gt;de España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (which may be written in any language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, demonyms may not really exist (although it's always theoretically possible to coin them), and even if they do, there may be a clear preference for using the &lt;em&gt;de [lugar]&lt;/em&gt; construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-12-24T23:51:19.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2018-12-25T17:36:28.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alfonso X in his &lt;em&gt;General Estoria&lt;/em&gt; makes reference to &quot;gentiles&quot; referring to the days as &lt;em&gt;saturno&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sol&lt;/em&gt; respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E por onrarlas más pusiéronles nombres d’ellas a los siete días de la&#xA;  semana, e assí an oy nombre los días de la semana. E esto los gentiles lo fizieron, que&#xA;  fueron muy sabios omnes en estos saberes e en todos los otros, si non que por&#xA;  remembrança del Viejo Testamento e porque salió el Nuevo d’él que los cristianos&#xA;  que llamamos después &lt;strong&gt;al VII&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; día a que dixoron los gentiles saturno&lt;/strong&gt;, quel dezimos nós sábato. E otrossí &lt;strong&gt;al primero día de la semana a que llamaron los gentiles sol&lt;/strong&gt; que nós los cristianos, otrossí por onra e remembrança de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo e&#xA;  Dios, quel dezimos domingo. E lieva este nombre de Dominus, que dizen en latín por&#xA;  señor; e domingo tanto quiere dezir en el nuestro lenguage de Castiella como día&#xA;  señoral fascas día del Señor, e sábado folgança. Los otros días de la semana&#xA;  retovieron e retienen los antigos nombres que los gentiles les pusieron de las planetas:&#xA;  el lunes de la Luna, el martes de Mars, el miércoles de Mercurio, el jueves de Júpiter,&#xA;  el viernes de Venus. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la primera ora del día del lunes es de la Luna llamámosle lunes a aquel día, e otrossí porque la primera ora dell otro día es de la planeta de Mars dixieron a aquel día martes, e otrossí a los otros días de la sedmana dend adelant, fueras ende que &lt;strong&gt;el sábado llamaron saturno los gentiles&lt;/strong&gt; porque es de la planeta de Saturno la primera ora d’aquel día, e &lt;strong&gt;al domingo dixieron ellos sol,&lt;/strong&gt; otrossí por la primera ora d’esse día, que es de la planeta del Sol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ebuah.uah.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/10017/7286/General%20Estoria%20I.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;General Estoria. Primera parte&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (c 1275)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T17:36:28.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2018-12-25T18:16:19.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being born and raised in extreme South Texas and the Lower Valley, I always heard the term cuates used for twins, I never once heard the term Gemelos used. If referring to a  friend, I called him mi amigo, close friend was amigo especial or special friend. I never heard any other term used and I grew up speaking fluent border Spanish. Gemelos could be a form of Spanish used deeper into Mexico or possibly central or south America. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20804" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T18:16:19.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26494" CreationDate="2018-12-25T21:21:35.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En vasco &quot;zurr&quot; quiere decir &quot;atento, listo&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Suponiendo una adaptación así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ZO(U)RR + A (artículo vasco) / O (artículo castellano)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tendríamos ZORRA o ZORRO que podría ser el origen de la palabra en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20805" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T10:08:27.423" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T10:08:27.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28125" CreationDate="2018-12-26T05:46:18.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a nice recent &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2018/12/20/articulo/1545309938_546118.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish) on this topic in El País:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agüelo, nochegüena&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;güelta&lt;/em&gt; son formas comunes en la lengua poca elaborada para referirse a abuelo, nochebuena o vuelta; los ejemplos se dan muy comúnmente cuando sigue el diptongo ue pero también en otros casos como &lt;em&gt;golver, &lt;strong&gt;gomitar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;gofetá&lt;/em&gt; para volver, vomitar o bofetada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2018/12/20/articulo/1545309938_546118.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Nochebuena también es 'Nochegüena'&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Desde cuándo esta 'g' está mal vista?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T00:18:30.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28104" CreationDate="2018-12-26T10:45:24.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good translation to &quot;Yes, I took the day off and now I am well-rested.&quot; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si, me tomé el día libre y ahora estoy &lt;strong&gt;(bien) repuesto/recuperado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;em&gt;recuperado&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;strong&gt;recovered&lt;/strong&gt; which works the same as &lt;em&gt;rested&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T14:01:32.090" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T14:01:32.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28145" CreationDate="2018-12-26T20:57:23.660" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a recording here of a good example word, &quot;robar&quot;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/robar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/robar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I understand the rolling or trilling of the initial &quot;r&quot; sound. I'm wondering about the final sound. Is it the same tongue position as the initial, but with a single &quot;hit&quot; (no rolling), or do I hear a rolling that is a little softer or more subtle, or something else entirely? Maybe it varies by region and accent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20767" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T22:41:40.343" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T22:54:12.973" Title="What is the pronunciation and IPA symbol for the final 'r' sound?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28144" CreationDate="2018-12-26T22:40:56.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;word&lt;/em&gt;-final position the rhotic is usually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;either a tap or a trill when followed by a consonant or a pause, as in &lt;em&gt;amo[r ~ ɾ] paterno&lt;/em&gt; ('paternal love'), the former being more common;&lt;sup&gt;[43]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a tap when followed by a vowel-initial word, as in &lt;em&gt;amo[ɾ] eterno&lt;/em&gt; ('eternal love').&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When two rhotics occur consecutively across a word or prefix boundary, they result in one trill, so that &lt;em&gt;da rocas&lt;/em&gt; ('s/he gives rocks') and &lt;em&gt;dar rocas&lt;/em&gt; ('to give rocks') are either neutralized, or distinguished by a longer trill in the latter phrase.&lt;sup&gt;[44]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;43, 44: Hualde, José Ignacio (2005), &lt;em&gt;The Sounds of Spanish&lt;/em&gt; (p.182-183; p.184)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Rhotics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Rhotics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T22:40:56.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28144" CreationDate="2018-12-26T22:54:12.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The phoneme for a word-final &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; is /r/, which is generally trilled, that is [r], in most dialects, although it's also possible for an untrilled sound based on emphasis and other contextual factors.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other variations by dialect may include phones such as [ʐ], [ɻ], [ʁ], [x] or [χ].  In others, it may be silent, or function as a consonant-lengthener, lengthening the &lt;em&gt;following&lt;/em&gt; consonant (such that &lt;em&gt;carne&lt;/em&gt; is [kan:e]).  In still others, it may merge with the /l/ phoneme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T22:54:12.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28153" CreationDate="2018-12-27T07:32:16.610" Score="9" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy de la opinión de que, en un futuro más lejano que cercano, el idioma español evolucionará y acabará perdiendo la &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; de los participios y de muchas otras palabras que acaban con el patrón vocal+d+vocal (siendo las vocales diferentes), porque el habla relajada tiende a omitirla sin importar de dónde sea el hablante. De hecho, a mí hoy día me resulta más natural decir &lt;em&gt;peo&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SJF2rm9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pedo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, esta última me suena hasta cursi pero solo esa está registrada en la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la evolución del lenguaje será lenta, dado que para eso está la RAE que &quot;limpia, &lt;strong&gt;fija&lt;/strong&gt; y da esplendor&quot; (sería curioso preguntar cómo habría evolucionado el español sin la RAE para fijar el idioma, pero como entra dentro del terreno de la especulación me abstendré de hacerlo). Sin embargo, como curiosidad, ¿ha empezado ya esa transición? Si es así, ¿desde cuándo? ¿Existe alguna palabra registrada en la RAE que con el tiempo haya perdido esa &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; de la última sílaba o que etimológicamente debería llevarla pero no es así? Si es posible, que la pérdida no haya sido para crear una palabra o acepción nueva sino que la versión sincopada haya sustituido a la original sin variar el significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: pensé que igual la palabra &lt;em&gt;bacalao&lt;/em&gt; provendría del latín *&lt;em&gt;bacalatus&lt;/em&gt; y entonces etimológicamente debería llevar una &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; pero no, viene del euskera &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4jHz5SC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bakailao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. También recuerdo la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/18441/12637&quot;&gt;etimología del verbo &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sedere&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;seer&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;), pero la &lt;em&gt;-d-&lt;/em&gt; que perdió es intermedia e iba entre dos vocales iguales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relacionada: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24362/12637&quot;&gt;Se dice humareda, pero en mi vida he escuchado algo que no sea humarea&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-31T12:46:38.517" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T15:55:29.007" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra registrada en español que haya perdido la -d- de la última sílaba?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;participio&gt;&lt;síncopa&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28147" CreationDate="2018-12-27T08:05:48.470" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el DLE &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=ao&amp;amp;m=32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palabras terminadas en &lt;code&gt;-ao&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, encuentro varias candidatas como por ejemplo: &lt;strong&gt;cortao&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ripiao&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;rodao&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;sobao&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;tablao&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lamentablemente, ahora mismo no funciona el servicio de definiciones, solo el de búsqueda, así que no puedo acceder a la definición para comprobarlo. Pero vaya, me sorprendería que dichas palabras tengan otros orígenes que no sean los participios terminados en &lt;code&gt;-ado&lt;/code&gt; de &lt;em&gt;cortar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ripiar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;rodar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;sobar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;(en)tablar&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T08:05:48.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28113" CreationDate="2018-12-27T09:20:46.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay multitud de casos en el diccionario, y algunos se han tratado en este sitio anteriormente. Yo acabo de encontrar uno gracias a una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28148/12637&quot;&gt;respuesta de walen&lt;/a&gt; a otra pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WVQuMKY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ripiao&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solo se usa en la expresión &lt;em&gt;perico ripiao&lt;/em&gt;. También puedes consultar la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22786/12637&quot;&gt;What&amp;#39;s &amp;quot;br&amp;#237;os&amp;quot; in the Spanish expression &amp;quot;voto a br&amp;#237;os&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T09:20:46.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28151" CreationDate="2018-12-27T12:56:00.473" Score="0" ViewCount="543" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question came to mind when I recently spotted the phrase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;no me doy por vencido.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  I was already somewhat familiar with the phrase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;darse por vencido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (to give up), so I had an idea of what it meant, but I wanted to be sure, so I looked the phrase up in Reverso.  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/no+me+doy+por+vencido#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What I found there&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; rather confused me and raised questions I could not easily find an answer to, so I decided to post a question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I discovered is that the first meaning listed for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;no me doy por vencido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;I didn't give up.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was a bit surprised to see this, so I immediately ran a few other searches and discovered that there are other, more common ways of translating, &quot;I didn't give up&quot; (e.g., &quot;no me rendí&quot;).  Be that as it may, I wanted to know why the past tense was such a common translation for this present tense phrase.  I already know that tenses don't always translate into identical tenses between languages, but I had thought that translations from present tense were limited to continuous, progressive, and future tense.  To date, I had never seen a present tense Spanish verb construction translated into the past tense, especially the preterite (aside from idiomatic expressions such as &quot;hace tiempo que ...&quot;).  Can anyone explain why Reverso lists &quot;I didn't give up&quot; as the first translation for &quot;no me doy por vencido?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me doy por vencido,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;completely interchangeable with either of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me di por vencido,&quot; or&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me daba por vencido.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If these are considered correct translations (of &quot;I didn't give up&quot;), can anyone tell me whether or not this is more common with certain verbs or give me an idea of how often this occurs in Spanish to English translations — translating Spanish present tense into English simple past tense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Addendum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, I would be remiss if I didn't somehow find a way to include mention of Luis Fonsi's &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Me_Doy_por_Vencido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;No Me Doy Por Vencido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  If you do not live in a Spanish-speaking country, you might have missed it, but the song was extremely popular back in 2008 and I'd bet most Spanish speakers know of it.  I include it here because I've looked at the translated lyrics for this song and watched the official video for it.  Clearly &quot;no me doy por vencido&quot; refers to the present or future, but definitely not the past.  The video seems to carry a message of hope, strength, and resilience  ... no matter what the circumstances, even though that's a bit of a departure from the actual lyrics (which would fall squarely into the category &quot;romantic ballad&quot;).  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lyricstranslate.com/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LyricsTranslate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is my first choice when I want to see translated lyrics for a song.  For popular songs, there's usually more than one translation into English, but the quality can vary from &quot;what a way with words!&quot; to &quot;even I could have done better.&quot;  For &quot;No Me Doy Por Vencido,&quot; you will find four English translations.  IMHO, #2 is best and you can link to it &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lyricstranslate.com/en/no-me-doy-por-vencido-i-wont-surrender.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  As for the video, I would have embedded it below for those who have never heard the song or seen the video, but it doesn't look as if that is an option, so instead you can view it by clicking on the link below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hRGBcr_gJc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Luis Fonsi - No Me Doy Por Vencido (Official Music Video)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Alguna vez se traduce (correctamente) el tiempo presente español al inglés como pasado simple?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta pregunta vino a la mente cuando recientemente vi la frase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;no me doy por vencido.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Ya más o menos sabía la frase &lt;strong&gt;&quot;darse por vencido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (to give up), así que tuve una idea de qué significaba, pero quería estar segura, así que busqué la frase en Reverso.  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/no+me+doy+por+vencido#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lo que encontré allí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; me confundió y provocaba preguntas de las que no podía encontrar fácilmente, así que decidí publica una pregunta aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que descubrí es que la primera traducción enumerada para &lt;strong&gt;&quot;no me doy por vencido&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; fue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I didn't give up.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendió ver esta así que inmediatamente busqué por las traducciones de otras frases similares y descubrí que hay otras formas más comunes de traducir, &quot;I didn't give up&quot; (p.ej., &quot;no me rendí&quot;).  Sea como fuere, quería saber por qué el tiempo pasado era una traducción tan común para esta frase en tiempo presente.  Ya sé que los tiempos no siempre traducen a los tiempos identicales entre los idiomas, pero había pensado que con las traducciones del tiempo presente se limitaron a tiempo continuo, progresivo y futuro.  Hasta la fecha, nunca había visto una construcción del verbo español en el tiempo presente traducida al tiempo pasado, especialmente al pretérito (aparte de las expresiones idiomáticas como &quot;hace tiempo que ...&quot;).  ¿Puede alguien explicar por qué Reverso enumera &quot;I didn't give up&quot; como la primera traducción para &quot;no me doy por vencido&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asimismo, ¿es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me doy por vencido&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;completamente intercambiablemente con cualquiera de las siguientes oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me di por vencido&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No me daba por vencido&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si se consideran traducciones correctas (de &quot;I didn't give up&quot;), ¿puede alguien decirme  si esto es más común con ciertos verbos o me da una idea con qué frecencia esto ocurre  en traducciones de español al inglés — traduciendo tiempo presente español al pretérito en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Suplemento&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, sería una negligencia si, de alguna manera, no encontraba una oportunidad para mencionar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_me_doy_por_vencido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;No Me Doy Por Vencido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; por Luis Fonsi.  Si no vives en un país hispanohablante, es posible que te pasó por alto, pero la canción era extremadamente popular en 2008 y apostaría a que la mayoría de hispanohablantes la conocen.  Lo incluyo aquí porque he mirado en las letras traducidas de esta canción y he visto el vídeo oficial para ella.  Claramente, &quot;no me doy por vencido&quot; refiere al presente o futuro, pero definitivamente no el pasado.  El vídeo parece transmitir un mensaje de esperanza, fuerza y resilencia ... sin importar las circunstancias, aunque es un poco de una desviación de las letras verdaderas (que corresponde plenamente a la categoría &quot;balada romántica&quot;).  &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lyricstranslate.com/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LyricsTranslate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; es mi primera opción cuando quiero ver letras traducidas de una canción.  De canciones populares, normalmente hay más que una traducción al inglés, pero la calidad puede variar de &quot;¡qué facilidad con las palabras!&quot; a &quot;incluso yo podría haberlo hecho mejor&quot;.  Para esta canción, encontrarás cuatro traducciones inglesas.  En mi humilde opinión, #2 es la mejor y puedes enlazar a ella &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lyricstranslate.com/en/no-me-doy-por-vencido-i-wont-surrender.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  En cuanto al vídeo, habría incrustado el vídeo a continuación, pero no parece que esa es una opción, así que en lugar de eso, puedes verlo haciendo clic en enlace por debajo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hRGBcr_gJc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Luis Fonsi - No Me Doy Por Vencido (Official Music Video)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T02:10:45.377" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T02:10:45.377" Title="Is the Spanish present tense ever (correctly) translated into English as simple past tense?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28150" CreationDate="2018-12-27T13:46:47.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the Reverso examples do translate Spanish present tense to English present (simple or continuous). The ones that translate as past (&quot;I didn't give up&quot;) look like mistakes to me; bear in mind Reverso feeds on actual texts from many sources, which are not necessarily curated translations. If you take a look at the context of these particular examples, you'll see that they come from movie subtitles. The original subtitles are in English; the translation is &lt;strong&gt;to&lt;/strong&gt;, not &lt;strong&gt;from&lt;/strong&gt; Spanish, and it's a very bad translation (in the first one, for example, &quot;Words won&quot; is translated as &lt;em&gt;Palabras ganó&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anything, &lt;em&gt;no me doy por vencido&lt;/em&gt; could actually sometimes be translated into English as future: &quot;I won't give up&quot;. This usage of the &lt;em&gt;w-&lt;/em&gt; modal verb is in fact idiomatic; it stands for unmodifiable intent (reflecting the original meaning of &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; as &quot;want, wish&quot;). Since &lt;em&gt;darse por vencido&lt;/em&gt; can be either a one-time action or an enduring state, &lt;em&gt;no me doy por vencido&lt;/em&gt; can be translated as &quot;I'm not giving up (right now)&quot; or &quot;I won't (intend to) give up (and I'm keeping up my stance)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are contexts where both present and past could work in Spanish, but they're not the same. &lt;em&gt;Darse por vencido&lt;/em&gt; is not a fixed phrase; it's an idiom where the verb follows the habitual rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T13:46:47.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28150" CreationDate="2018-12-27T14:06:46.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Alguna vez se traduce (correctamente) el tiempo presente español al inglés como pasado simple?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general, no.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un caso especial podría ser cuando se usa el presente narrativo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por ejemplo, si dices &lt;em&gt;«Estoy comprando flores, y de repente aparece Juan. ¡Me hizo mucha ilusión verle!»&lt;/em&gt; para contar algo que te sucedió &lt;strong&gt;ayer&lt;/strong&gt;, podrías traducirlo usando el pasado simple (&lt;em&gt;I was buying flowers, and suddenly Juan appeared. I was so happy to see him!&lt;/em&gt;); aunque se perdería el recurso estilístico, la traducción seguiría siendo correcta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en general, no. El ejemplo que indicas parece incorrecto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No me doy por vencido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, completamente intercambiablemente con cualquiera de las siguientes oraciones: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No me di por vencido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;No me daba por vencido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo que antes: en general no, no son intercambiables. Las dos oraciones en pasado están describiendo una acción pasada, mientras que la oración en presente podría tanto estar describiendo una acción que está sucediendo (&lt;em&gt;He suspendido el examen pero no me doy por vencido&lt;/em&gt;), como una característica de quien habla (&lt;em&gt;Soy muy perseverante, no me doy por vencido fácilmente&lt;/em&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solo en el caso de que se esté usando el presente para describir dicha acción pasada, es decir, el presente narrativo, podría sustituirse una por la otra.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Estaba ayer en el mercado y entonces veo a Maluma. El tío nada más verme sale corriendo, pero yo no me doy por vencido y salgo corriendo detrás... Al final le alcancé y me firmó un autógrafo en el brazo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T14:06:46.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28147" CreationDate="2018-12-27T14:34:58.483" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ado, -ada&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ollado → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=R1UNVZn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ollao&lt;/a&gt;, rodado → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Wal7CxT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rodao&lt;/a&gt; (Ast., León y Pal.), sobado → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y3tw0UJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobao&lt;/a&gt;, tablado → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YsqyTFj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tablao&lt;/a&gt;, ripiado → [perico] &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WVQuMKY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ripiao&lt;/a&gt; (Dom.), tonada → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a0BaFqo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;toná&lt;/a&gt;, alboreada → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1Y85Ec1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alboreá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ido, ida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hipido → jipido → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MU6QxKO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jipío&lt;/a&gt;, tepidus → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=ZiKy1sZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tibio&lt;/a&gt;, limpidus → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NLRTLp0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;limpio&lt;/a&gt;, *mustidus → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Q9oHwZN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mustio&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;¿?&lt;/sup&gt;, Lócrida → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=NYMhn8V%7CNYP5w9Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;locria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-udo, -uda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;castudo → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7sMeZ77&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;castúo&lt;/a&gt;, agalludo → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1308CQG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agallú&lt;/a&gt; (P. Rico), picaruda → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Stb7he9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picarúa&lt;/a&gt; (Murcia)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usc.es/gl/servizos/snl/terminoloxia/uip/arquivo/numero_146.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usc.es/revistas/index.php/elg/article/viewFile/343/343&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-ador, -adora&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tocador → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Zw2e8nG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tocaor&lt;/a&gt;, bailador → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=4nGSyY0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bailaor&lt;/a&gt;, cantador → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7BVFreb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cantaor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-eda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;moneda → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=PRkcQfu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moa&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sup&gt;¿? &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-delincuente-espanol-el-lenguaje-estudio-filologico-psicologico-y-sociologico-con-dos-vocabularios-jergales--0/html/ff0f09f0-82b1-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_66.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, lampreda → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MrKz0DJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lamprea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Misc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cañadilla → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=ca%C3%B1a%C3%ADlla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cañaílla&lt;/a&gt; (And.), fastidium → &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K2lG6oa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hastío&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YGkk3NL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;soledad&lt;/a&gt; → soleá, cadena  → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/caena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Préstamos&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es exactamente lo que buscas, pero también hay unas palabras así prestadas de lenguas vecinas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; gradus → &lt;code&gt;cat&lt;/code&gt; grau → &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt; grao&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; sedes → &lt;code&gt;cat/arag&lt;/code&gt; seu → &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XcWVLM9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;port&lt;/code&gt; capim-melado → &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7JkJ6xp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capin melao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-11-24T15:55:29.007" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T15:55:29.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-27T15:55:38.613" Score="5" ViewCount="1498" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la palabra que significa el movimiento que hace el toro con su pata trasera cuando quiere atacar o embestir? Recuerdo vagamente haberla leído con anterioridad pero no recuerdo donde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20811" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T11:52:53.660" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T11:52:53.660" Title="Movimiento que hace el toro con su pata" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28220" CreationDate="2018-12-27T20:24:51.247" Score="2" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siendo del Norte de México me acabo de encontrar con el utensilio de cocina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;globo batidor&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta es la primera vez que escucho que se refieren a él de esa manera, como &quot;batidor de globo&quot;, &quot;globo batidor&quot; o simplemente &quot;globo&quot;. Al parecer esta forma es muy común y usada, pero la única manera en la que yo lo conozco es &quot;batidor de huevo&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Han escuchado que se refieran a él de esa manera o alguien conoce el nombre original y por qué ha cambiado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yGAWQ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yGAWQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11884" LastEditorUserId="11884" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T11:48:29.430" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T13:05:57.577" Title="batidor de globo, globo batidor o batidor de huevo? usos y origen" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-27T22:56:42.683" Score="1" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to translate a sentence like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clowns have attacked old people, wet dogs and three-legged elephants by raising taxes, distributing poison blankets, spreading false rumors and soiling our clothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English the list of &quot;methods&quot; is separated from the list of &quot;goals&quot; by the preposition &quot;by&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does Spanish handle a sentence like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...elefantes de tres patas aumentando los impuestos...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it seems unclear that &lt;em&gt;aumentando&lt;/em&gt; applies to the clowns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T05:33:25.987" Title="The preposition &quot;by&quot; modifying a list of the ways one might achieve a list of goals" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28156" CreationDate="2018-12-28T04:26:50.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most correct translate might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los elefantes de tres patas por el aumento de los impuestos, distribución mantas envenenadas, extendiendo falsos rumores y ensuciando nuestro ropaje&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;By&quot; can translate as &quot;por&quot; or &quot;mediante&quot; but the context Is important when you have a subject is &quot;por&quot;&#xA;Ex:&#xA;Written by David&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Escrito por David&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But If you have an action Is &quot;mediante&quot;&#xA;Ex:&#xA;This was achived by the force&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Esto se consiguió mediante la fuerza&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20815" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T04:26:50.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28160" CreationDate="2018-12-28T07:21:55.253" Score="6" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;While browsing the results of a search in &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; I have noticed that the results can be looked up in RAE's dictionaries from 1914, 1925, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1956... The mean time between two consecutive editions of the dictionary is around 10 years, with the exceptions of the editions from 1936 and 1939, that coincide with the beginning and the end of the Spanish Civil War. So I'm curious about the possibility of the war itself or its outcome to have influenced the contents of the dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, in the RAE's web page &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/obras-academicas/diccionarios/diccionario-de-la-lengua-espanola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;you can read&lt;/a&gt; about the editions of the dictionary. The editions are listed like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ed. #  Name                               Year&#xA;-----------------------------------------------------&#xA;...&#xA;15     Diccionario de la lengua española  1925&#xA;16     Diccionario de la lengua española  [1936] 1939&#xA;17     Diccionario de la lengua española  1947&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in 1936 and 1939 it seems that it was the same edition being published (the 16th) and that just a prologue was added. This seems clearer if you read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/la-institucion/historia/siglo-xx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the institution's cronology&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1936&lt;/strong&gt;. The sixteenth edition of the dictionary of the Spanish language is published, which will reappear —with an additional prologue— in 1939, after the civil war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you read on, you notice that the war did exert an influence over the academy itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1936&lt;/strong&gt;. Because of the war, several academics [...] leave for exile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1937&lt;/strong&gt;. In December, the Government of Burgos, commanded by General Franco, created the Institute of Spain, which brings together the dissolved academies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm curious: did then the Spanish Civil War influence the contents of the dictionary beyond that added prologue? What did the war modify in the dictionary between 1936 and 1939?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Answers can be written in English or Spanish, whichever you feel more confident about.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T10:41:55.680" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T10:41:55.680" Title="Did the Spanish Civil War influence in any way the contents of the RAE's dictionary?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28156" CreationDate="2018-12-28T07:59:29.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is a fair translation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Spanish, the verb &lt;em&gt;&quot;atacar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; when used with alive entities is usually followed by the preposition &lt;em&gt;&quot;a&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;I've attacked Rome&quot; → &lt;em&gt;&quot;He atacado Roma&quot;&lt;/em&gt; but &quot;I've attacked Caesar&quot; → &lt;em&gt;&quot;He atacado &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; César&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), so it'd be even more clear than in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los payasos han atacado a ancianos, a perros mojados y a elefantes de tres patas aumentando los impuestos, distribuyendo mantas envenenadas, extendiendo falsos rumores y ensuciando nuestras ropas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As written, I think it is very clear who's attacking, who's being attacked, and how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T07:59:29.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28158" CreationDate="2018-12-28T10:36:14.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;He encontrado una página que habla sobre las diferentes versiones de los diccionarios de la (Real) Academia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En 1936 estaba lista la nueva edición del diccionario y de hecho se imprimió poco antes de estallar la guerra civil pero no se puso en circulación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La edición 16ª de este Diccionario, cuya impresión se terminó en 1936,&#xA;  aunque, por haber estallado poco después la guerra civil, no llegara a&#xA;  ponerse en circulación hasta 1939&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después de la guerra se añadio un prólogo y se cambiaron las portadas volviendo a ser Real Academia ya que había perdido la condición de &quot;real&quot; durante la república, el prólogo no tiene desperdicio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Advertencia. La presente edición del Diccionario estaba en vísperas&#xA;  de salir a la venta cuando las hordas revolucionarias, que, al&#xA;  servicio de poderes exóticos, pretendían sumir a España para siempre&#xA;  en la ruina y en la abyección, se enfrentaron en julio de 1936 con el&#xA;  glorioso Alzamiento Nacional. Perseguidas con diabólica saña bajo la&#xA;  tiranía marxista cuantas instituciones encarnaban el verdadero&#xA;  espíritu de nuestro pueblo, no se podía esperar que la vesania de los&#xA;  usurpadores del poder respetase la vida de la Academia. Fue disuelta,&#xA;  en efecto, de un plumazo; y aunque no tardó en renacer en las tierras&#xA;  privilegiadas de nuestra patria que conocieron las primeras el&#xA;  alborear de la reconquista, la casa solariega de la Corporación, su&#xA;  patrimonio y sus publicaciones quedaron secuestrados en la capital de&#xA;  la nación hasta el día felicísimo de su liberación total. Mientras&#xA;  tanto, la casa editorial que tenía en depósito las publicaciones de la&#xA;  Academia se vio obligada a poner en circulación un corto número de&#xA;  ejemplares del nuevo Diccionario, que, naturalmente, llevan la fecha&#xA;  de 1936; pero, al hacerse hoy cargo la Corporación de los ejemplares&#xA;  restantes, al mismo tiempo que recobra, con íntima satisfacción, el&#xA;  uso de sus emblemas tradicionales y su título varias veces secular de&#xA;  Real Academia Española, quiere que la 16ª edición de su Diccionario se&#xA;  difunda ya por el mundo con el sello de la nueva España imperial. Por&#xA;  eso se ha cambiado el primer pliego de la obra y se le ha puesto como&#xA;  fecha la del glorioso Año de la Victoria, 1939. Se observará que, en&#xA;  las páginas preliminares, se ha omitido la acostumbrada lista de&#xA;  académicos con la mención del cargo que ejercen en la Corporación.&#xA;  Esta lista no habría podido hacerse hasta quedar definitivamente&#xA;  constituída la Academia en fecha que señalan sus estatutos para la&#xA;  elección de los cargos, y ello vendría a aumentar en varios meses el&#xA;  retraso ya considerable con que se pone a la venta esta edición. La&#xA;  misma preocupación de salir al encuentro con nuestra diligencia al&#xA;  anhelo del público por disponer del nuevo Diccionario ha hecho que se&#xA;  prescinda también de insertar las listas de las academias&#xA;  correspondientes, pues las probables alteraciones ocurridas en el seno&#xA;  de aquéllas durante más de tres años sólo serán conocidas con certeza&#xA;  cuando en el curso próximo se reanude con dichas academias la&#xA;  colaboración que tan fecunda viene siendo para los fines que&#xA;  perseguimos en común y que, ahora más que nunca, habrá se ser&#xA;  particularmente estrecha y cordial»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de eso el contenido no sufrió cambio alguno y se mantuvo la edición del 36 tal como se imprimió en su momento. La siguiente edición, la de 1947 fue una reimpresión de la anterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En 1947 la decimoséptima edición se limita a reimprimir la edición de&#xA;  1936, difundida principalmente a partir de 1939 y agotada rápidamente,&#xA;  lo cual demuestra que el nuevo régimen salido de la guerra civil no&#xA;  tenía mayor inconveniente en asumir íntegramente el diccionario&#xA;  académico tal como había quedado publicado tras haber sido redactado&#xA;  durante cinco años en tiempos de la República.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con esto podemos decir que la guerra no influyó en el diccionario en si mismo ya que el contenido se había impreso antes y no se modificó nada, los cambios son más bien estéticos, la portada con su de nuevo &lt;em&gt;Real Academia&lt;/em&gt; y el escudo con la corona y el prólogo alabando el nuevo régimen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.filosofia.org/enc/aca/aca.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.filosofia.org/enc/aca/aca.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T10:36:14.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28162" CreationDate="2018-12-28T10:54:01.963" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al hilo de la reciente pregunta sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28158/did-the-spanish-civil-war-influence-in-any-way-the-contents-of-the-raes-diction&quot;&gt;las ediciones del DLE pre y pos Guerra Civil&lt;/a&gt;, veo que la &lt;strong&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dBPOx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dBPOx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pasó en 1936 a llamarse simplemente &lt;strong&gt;Academia Española&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JqmxM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JqmxM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión, aunque sea solamente por estética, el segundo nombre queda un poco triste, como muy poco diferenciado de cualquier otra academia de España. Le falta algo que la distinga como &quot;la&quot; Academia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me surge entonces la duda: ¿qué otra palabra podría usarse en lugar de &quot;Real&quot;, que transmita el mismo sentido de oficialidad, pero sin connotaciones monárquicas o, directamente, sin connotaciones políticas (i.e. no valdría tampoco &quot;Republicana Academia Española&quot;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T12:10:22.600" Title="¿Existe algún adjetivo o título equivalente a &quot;Real&quot; que pueda ser usado en contextos no monárquicos?" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28161" CreationDate="2018-12-28T12:03:16.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal la propia palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QvWA4QX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oficial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que emana de la autoridad del Estado. &lt;em&gt;Documento, lengua, noticia oficial.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de una institución, de un edificio, de un centro de enseñanza, etc.: Que se sufraga con fondos públicos y está bajo la dependencia del Estado o de las entidades territoriales.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, podrías hablar de la &quot;Academia oficial española&quot; o &quot;Academia española oficial&quot; o incluso de la &quot;Academia oficial de la lengua española&quot; (AOLE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no, también tienes &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GnQWPN3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estatal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al Estado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, aparte de la Real Academia Española ninguna otra academia lleva adjetivo alguno en su nombre, tan solo el gentilicio del país al que pertenecen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Colombiana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Mexicana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Venezolana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Chilena de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Peruana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Costarricense de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Panameña de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Cubana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Paraguaya de la Lengua Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Boliviana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Dominicana de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Argentina de Letras&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Nacional de Letras de Uruguay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Hondureña de la Lengua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T12:10:22.600" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T12:10:22.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28164" CreationDate="2018-12-28T17:46:47.087" Score="2" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing an app for the Google Assistant and making Spanish translations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should chatbots (the Google Assistant) refer to the user, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should users refer to the chatbot?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done some research, and I found that chatbots probably should use &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt; because when talking with a stranger formality is supposed to be used.&#xA;However, I don't know how people normally &quot;treat&quot; chatbots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am required to provide examples of &quot;invocations&quot;: sample phrases the user can say to the Google Assistant to bring up my chatbot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The built-in example is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablar con Mi Aplicación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This further confuses me; am I supposed to use the infinitive? I assumed I should use the imperative because you are commanding the chatbot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When asking a chatbot to do something, should the user use imperative for &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt;, imperative for &lt;code&gt;tu&lt;/code&gt;, or infinitive?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20819" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T18:16:30.767" Title="Using Usted/Tu when talking with chatbots" Tags="&lt;formalidad&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28163" CreationDate="2018-12-28T18:16:30.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a question that will depend on the individual application / environment.  In the case of Google's system, the norm is to use refer to the user informally.  That means using &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;ojo&lt;/strong&gt;, not all users use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; when talking informally.  I doubt that Argentinian users (normally use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt;) or Costa Rican users (probably use &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;) would feel comfortable switching to &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; just to interact.  This would be a case where you would want to let the user interact in all three manners, even if your program responds only using one of them (which is how most Spanish speakers interact anyways, I don't use &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; just because my Rioplatense friends do, but they don't find it odd that I only use &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T18:16:30.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2018-12-28T19:00:46.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;medias&quot; in Spanish, according to my Mexican-American upbringing in California, means &quot;stockings&quot;, but like the see through kind that women wear. You can buy them in a box at any store. They're see through and come in transparent or black colors. I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20821" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T19:00:46.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28169" CreationDate="2018-12-28T19:57:08.803" Score="3" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please can someone confirm if this understanding is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of the following sentences are correct. The distinction is that the first sentence grammatically says &quot;at this moment you are a naughty girl&quot; whereas the second is says &quot;you are a naughty kind of girl&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tú estás una chica traviesa&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres una chica traviesa&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20822" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T12:30:41.780" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T12:30:41.780" Title="Estás versus Eres: meanings in &quot;you are a noun + adjective&quot;" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;cópulas&gt;&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28168" CreationDate="2018-12-28T20:21:09.667" Score="4" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=deste%2C+de+este&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Up until the 18th century&lt;/a&gt;, written Spanish used many contractions of prepositions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de él &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=d%C3%A9l&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dél&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de ello &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dello&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dello&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de algo &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dalgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dalgo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de ese &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de este &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=deste&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deste&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de este otro &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=destotro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;destotro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de entrambos &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dentrambos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dentrambos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Qlr66uc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;o&lt;/a&gt; &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=E1zbR6E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;do&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=c8IFPyp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;y&lt;/a&gt; &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=d%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de acá &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dac%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dacá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de allá &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=dall%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dallá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;de hoy &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=doy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;desde el &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=desdel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desdel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ese otro &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=esotro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esotro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nuestro amo &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=nuestramo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuestramo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;en la &gt; enna &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=na&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the only ones that appear to have survived into modern use are &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any reason the others fell out of use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-28T21:34:54.553" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T21:34:54.553" Title="Why did so many contractions fall out of use in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28167" CreationDate="2018-12-28T20:52:22.167" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that all of them —except for &lt;em&gt;na&lt;/em&gt;— have in common is that in modern Spanish, the element after the preposition is tonic, that is, it has a stress.  In the case of &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;, there are two separate unstressed elements, one of which ends in a vowel and the second of which begins with one.  That heavily favors combining&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; as that happens naturally in spoken Spanish with unstressed vowels anyways (&lt;em&gt;tengo que escribir&lt;/em&gt; will probably have a normal length /e/ for most speakers in normal speech, but &lt;em&gt;que eche algo&lt;/em&gt; will more likely feature distinct vowels via lengthening and volume change because the second is stressed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when the changes started happening that favored distinct vowel sounds in most combinations, in the double unstressed vowel cases (which are basically just &lt;em&gt;del&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;, the distinction never occurred, and although today &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't end up &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; in speech (probably more likely /ajl/), it remained fossilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Based on some other peninsular languages, I wouldn't be surprised if the vowel in &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; was epinthetical for some period.  In Mirandese it's literally just &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;l gato&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;el gato&lt;/em&gt;) and in Asturian and Aragonese around vowels the tendencies is to reduce it to &lt;em&gt;l’–&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;–’l&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;l’asturianu&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;l’aragonés&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diome’l llibru&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T20:52:22.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28166" CreationDate="2018-12-28T20:53:04.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;The distinction is that the first sentence grammatically says &amp;quot;at this moment you are a naughty girl&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; This is &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you mean happens in this example: you see the girl all &amp;quot;dolled up&amp;quot; in her prom dress or something like that. Then, you could say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Tú] Estás preciosa [con ese vestido] &lt;sub&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;look&lt;/strong&gt; beautiful in that dress/ the dress makes you beautiful &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Tú] Eres preciosa &lt;sub&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; beautiful - and the dress just remarks that&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your particular case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú eres una chica traviesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indeed means &amp;quot;you are naughty&amp;quot;, like in &amp;quot;that's inherent to you&amp;quot;, but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt; una chica traviesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is plain wrong (it's a &amp;quot;word by word&amp;quot; translation, not a translation of the intended meaning). You would say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt; traviesa hoy/esta mañana/en este momento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tú &lt;strong&gt;estás&lt;/strong&gt; preciosa con ese vestido/con el pelo recogido/esta mañana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are translating literally &amp;quot;you are a naughty girl today&amp;quot; and that doesn't work in Spanish with &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; because you'll say that someone &amp;quot;está traviesa/hermosa&amp;quot; but &lt;strong&gt;you don't say that someone &amp;quot;está una chica&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can say that someone &amp;quot;es una chica + adj&amp;quot;, because that's inherent to them or a quality or a personality trait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot say someone &amp;quot;está una chica + adj&amp;quot;, because &amp;quot;ella &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; una chica&amp;quot;, and you could add that &amp;quot;ella &lt;strong&gt;es&lt;/strong&gt; una chica hermosa, traviesa o alta, que puede &lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; más o menos -insert adjective here- en un momento dado&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T20:53:04.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28170" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28185" CreationDate="2018-12-28T21:11:13.933" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's a relatively &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_theft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;new&lt;/a&gt; and not universally shared concept. This is what I came up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ladrón del salario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T06:15:53.283" Title="How would one refer to &quot;wage-theft&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28173" CreationDate="2018-12-28T21:52:10.343" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence I'm translating refers to &quot;intervention-based treatment for non-violent young adults&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would a good Spanish version be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I bet there's something better than&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tratamiento basado en la intervención por los jóvenes adultos que no están violento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tratamiento basado en la intervención por los jóvenes adultos no violento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it would be clear to say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tratamiento intervención por los jóvenes adultos no violento&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have enacted new programs for intervention-based treatment for non-violent young adults.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="14756" LastEditDate="2019-01-02T16:31:15.497" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T16:31:15.497" Title="How would I say &quot;intervention-based&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28172" CreationDate="2018-12-28T22:06:44.280" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first part is absolutely right. It would be &quot;basado en la intervención&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mistakes are in the second part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remember that &quot;for&quot; is &quot;para&quot;, not &quot;por&quot;, most of the times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adults is plural, so the adjective must be plural.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being violent is something that defines the person, not a state. Use &quot;ser&quot;, unless you want to say that &quot;they are violent that day, or something similar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The treatment is directed to &quot;young adults&quot; in general, not &quot;the&quot; young adults we might have introduced before. Then remove the article &quot;los&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tratamiento basado en la intervención &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; jóvenes adultos que no &lt;strong&gt;son&lt;/strong&gt; violento&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And indeed you can say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tratamiento basado en la intervención &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; jóvenes adultos no violentos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T22:06:44.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28174" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28176" CreationDate="2018-12-28T22:47:54.863" Score="1" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have different examples like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   1) Pensé que era normal&#xA;&#xA;   2) Era increíble que ese perro supiera hablar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;fue&lt;/em&gt;? Why &lt;em&gt;supiera&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;supo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this always the case, or are there instances where the indicative for the 2nd verb would be used instead of subjunctive? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20174" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T03:30:20.007" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T03:30:20.007" Title="2 verbs in the past tense in a single sentence. Why is the 2nd one in subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28175" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-28T23:15:55.403" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in a &amp;quot;groundbreaking hunting ban&amp;quot;. I think it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prohibición del ... pionero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatives I'm finding are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prohibición del ... revolucionario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prohibición del ... innovador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T15:44:16.870" Title="How do I translate the word &quot;groundbreaking&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28174" CreationDate="2018-12-28T23:58:43.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first example isn't an example of two past tense verbs, but in the second one it's the simple rule of opinion + que + subjunctive. In present tense it would be &quot;es increíble que ese perro sepa hablar&quot;. When the first clause is past tense, the second one becomes past subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19794" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T23:58:43.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28174" CreationDate="2018-12-29T01:27:28.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In reply to your first question (sentence (2) has been correctly explained by @polyglottera), you can find the answer &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Subjuntivo%20o%20indicativo%20con%20verbos%20de%20actividad%20mental.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on this forum.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will provide a summarized translation of some portions I find relevant to understand the case at issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When in the affirmative form, verbs of physical or mental perception require the subordinate verb to be in the indicative mood but there are some (including &lt;em&gt;parecer, admitir, conceder, aceptar, suponer, sospechar, imaginar, creer&lt;/em&gt;) which can take the subjunctive when reference is made to some fictitious, imaginary or alleged situation. When the content is more of a belief, the subordinate is conjugated in the indicative, but when it is merely a conjecture, the subjuntive can be used. The mood that prevails is the indicative and, in case of doubt (mainly among non-native speakers of Spanish), the subjunctive should be avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The page I've quoted says that the subjunctive is usual when the main verb is in the imperative. I've included those examples that can be deemed to be similar to the one provided under (1). Indicative and subjunctive in the subordinate are usually equivalent, but the subjunctive sounds slighly more hypothetical or unreal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supongamos que &lt;strong&gt;dice&lt;/strong&gt; que no.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que &lt;strong&gt;diga&lt;/strong&gt; que no.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que se &lt;strong&gt;había casado&lt;/strong&gt; con otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que se &lt;strong&gt;hubiera casado&lt;/strong&gt; con otra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figúrese que nos &lt;strong&gt;quedamos&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figúrese que nos &lt;strong&gt;quedáramos&lt;/strong&gt; aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supongamos que &lt;strong&gt;está&lt;/strong&gt; enfadado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supongamos que &lt;strong&gt;esté&lt;/strong&gt; enfadado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Piensa que fuera normal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;clearly conveys the idea that somebody or something is NOT normal, but the person is encouraged to think of him, her or it as normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preterite subjunctive is even more hypothetical or unreal than the present subjuntive. If somebody or something is not normal, their normal status is completely contrary to fact, and this leads to the use of past rather than present subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T01:27:28.480" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28170" CreationDate="2018-12-29T09:58:18.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think we just use (in Spain at least) a generic adjective for that, such as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;caradura&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Y0M0uD4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sinvergüenza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de una persona: Que comete actos ilegales en provecho propio, o que incurre en inmoralidades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you speak about a &lt;em&gt;empresario caradura&lt;/em&gt; you can expect the kind of behaviour of a wage-thieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T09:58:18.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28170" CreationDate="2018-12-29T19:27:11.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &quot;explotación laboral&quot;, since wage-theft reffers to the act of doing &quot;explotación laboral&quot; against your own employees&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20834" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T19:27:11.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28181" CreationDate="2018-12-29T23:40:12.580" Score="3" ViewCount="1019" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, to call (for example) a cat, one usually whisper/whistles something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;psh-wsh-wsh&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or calls&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here, kitty kitty kitty...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there similar words used in Spanish? Do they vary for different animals?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-29T23:49:40.863" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:48:37.960" Title="How do you call a pet in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28180" CreationDate="2018-12-29T23:40:12.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RAE lists a rich variety of different animal calls used by people for different domestic animals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Animal&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;call&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;shoo&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;lie down&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;charge&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;misc&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dog&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=az1kudx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tuso, tusa&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=tus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tus&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=to&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cuz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuz&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=za&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;za&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=zuzo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zuzo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=91vbETk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chucho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=BXSttUU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=azuzar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;azuzar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chicken&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=T8OGhMj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pira&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=TEDBWi6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pita, pitas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=ox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ox&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=RGvao1K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;os&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cat&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=mio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mio&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=mino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mino&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=miso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miso&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=miz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miz&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=PrY17Xz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morro&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=PrFRj9T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morra&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=BYOXjpU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucho, cuchito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chile&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cN4hdsb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zape&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pig&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=chin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chin&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cuch%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuchí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cochi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cochi&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=cuino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;Asturias&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hunting birds&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=hucho&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hucho&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=huchoh%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huchohó&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bulls, cows, oxen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=jau&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jau&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=MUqKUQQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;León&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Horses&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=ap%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=Y3F7kCf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;so&lt;/a&gt;/cho, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=huesque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huesque&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=ria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Misc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=8gKEtDx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;che&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=huich%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huichó&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;code&gt;Chile&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=jau&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jau&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=3geCpGQ#KpLuogm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arre&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=harre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;harre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Specifically female animals.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. Archaic.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;3. Also used repeatedly.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T16:48:37.960" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T16:48:37.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28184" CreationDate="2018-12-31T03:56:37.230" Score="5" ViewCount="135771" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los hijos de mis hermanos son mis sobrinos. Pero ¿qué son los hijos de mis primos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20830" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-05-01T18:37:14.947" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T03:09:10.007" Title="¿Cómo se denomina a los hijos de mis primos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28183" CreationDate="2018-12-31T06:03:22.503" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los hijos de los primos se denominan &lt;strong&gt;sobrinos segundos&lt;/strong&gt; o también simplemente &lt;strong&gt;sobrinos&lt;/strong&gt;. Efectivamente, el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YB8OOWc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sobrino&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; del Diccionario de la lengua española recoge las dos acepciones (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sobrino, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sobrīnus&lt;/em&gt; 'primo hermano'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. Hijo del hermano de una persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;sobrino segundo&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;sobrino, na segundo, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. y f. &lt;strong&gt;Hijo del primo de una persona.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T06:03:22.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28170" CreationDate="2018-12-31T06:15:53.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;El enlace de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_theft&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de la pregunta original define el &lt;em&gt;wage-theft&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wage theft&lt;/strong&gt; is the denial of wages or employee benefits rightfully owed an employee. It can be conducted by employers in various ways, among them failing to pay overtime; violating minimum-wage laws; the misclassification of employees as independent contractors, illegal deductions in pay; forcing employees to work &quot;off the clock&quot;, or simply not paying an employee at all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este mismo artículo tiene su &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robo_de_salarios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;versión en español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en el que lo traduce como &lt;strong&gt;robo de salarios&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;robo de salarios&lt;/strong&gt; es la denegación del salario o de los complementos salariales debidos a un empleado. Las maneras más habituales de efectuar este robo son: no pagar las horas realmente trabajadas, no pagar las horas extra, no pagar el salario mínimo, no pagar según la categoría real del empleado, descuentos indebidos en la paga, obligar a trabajar fuera del horario acordado en el contrato, obligar a trabajar en vacaciones o en las pausas para la comida, o no pagar en absoluto.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el mismo párrafo se aclara que  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guarda una estrecha relación con el concepto más amplio de &lt;strong&gt;explotación laboral&lt;/strong&gt;: todo robo de salarios es explotación laboral, pero no toda explotación laboral implica robo de salarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T06:15:53.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28175" CreationDate="2018-12-31T06:32:44.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundbreaking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; define &lt;em&gt;groundbreaking&lt;/em&gt; como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The term groundbreaking, when used as an adjective, may mean &lt;strong&gt;being or making something that has never been done, seen, or made before&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traductor de Google&lt;/a&gt; lo traduce como &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;innovador &lt;sub&gt;(masculino)&lt;/sub&gt;, innovadora &lt;sub&gt;(femenino)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordmagicsoft.com/dictionary/en-es/groundbreaking.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordMagic&lt;/a&gt; ofrece, además, otras posibilidades:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;de avanzada  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;innovador  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pionero  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;precursor  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;que marca un hito&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;transcendental&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T06:32:44.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27952" CreationDate="2018-12-31T09:45:40.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El propio artículo que enlazas indica que así es como se llama comúnmente al (código del) PNR, aunque no sea esa la traducción literal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Los especialistas lo llaman PNR&lt;/strong&gt; -acrónimo en inglés de Passenger Name Record (&lt;strong&gt;en español, registro de nombre de pasajero&lt;/strong&gt;)- y almacena mucho más que los datos de tu vuelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que &quot;código de reserva&quot; o &quot;referencia de reserva&quot; es al menos una de las maneras de referirse en español al código del PNR, parece confirmarse al observar las páginas de diferentes aerolíneas y agencias de viaje:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fly Emirates: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.emirates.com/pe/spanish/help/faq/198348/where-can-i-find-the-booking-reference-pnr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;referencia de reserva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iberia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iberia.com/web/product.do?cntCat=Productos/IBCOSEPOPUP&amp;amp;cntId=codigoreserva&amp;amp;modal=true&amp;amp;isPopup=true&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;código de reserva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aerolíneas Argentinas: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aerolineas.com.ar/es-ar/reservas_servicios/chequea_tu_reserva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;código de reserva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lufthansa: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lufthansa.com/de/es/mis-reservas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;código de reserva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra forma también común sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsiervos.com/archivo/aerotrastorno/sabias-que-es-el-pnr.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;localizador&lt;/a&gt; (tal como se ve en el enlace y en la propia página de Iberia), uso que viene recogido (aunque en un sentido algo amplio) en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=NXlCVDs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T09:45:40.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26647" CreationDate="2018-12-31T10:24:35.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo de Wikipedia utiliza dos términos: &quot;consumerización&quot; y &quot;consumidorización&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centrémonos en el segundo de ellos. Si lo separamos en elementos, tenemos que proviene de &lt;code&gt;consumidor&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;-izar&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;-ación&lt;/code&gt;. Por pasos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se toma el sustantivo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ASyDmz0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consumidor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al sustantivo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;se le aplica el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MFIHFG2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-izar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para formar el verbo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;consumidorizar&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, significando &quot;convertir en consumidor&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Al verbo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;se le aplica el sufijo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9I27Gyi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para formar el sustantivo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;consumidorización&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, significando &quot;acción y efecto de consumidorizar (esto es, de convertir en consumidor).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Esta transformación es correcta&lt;/strong&gt;, y es además exactamente la misma que se ha aplicado en inglés al tomar el sustantivo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/consumer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;consumer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y aplicarle los sufijos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/-ize&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ize&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/-ation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con idéntica función a sus equivalentes españoles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fijémonos ahora en el primero, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;consumerización&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Si intentamos separar ese palabro en raíz y sufijos, tendríamos &lt;code&gt;consumer&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;-izar&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;-ación&lt;/code&gt;, lo cual &lt;strong&gt;no es correcto&lt;/strong&gt; puesto que &quot;consumer&quot; no existe en español. Este palabro se limita a &quot;adaptar&quot; el inglés &lt;em&gt;consumerization&lt;/em&gt;, sustituyendo la terminación &lt;em&gt;-ization&lt;/em&gt; por &quot;-ización&quot;, la grafía española habitual para palabras similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;en español lo gramaticalmente correcto sería &quot;consumidorización&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;consumerización&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no impide que, en un futuro, el DLE pueda incluir la palabra &lt;em&gt;consumerización&lt;/em&gt; como anglicismo si se extiende su uso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T10:24:35.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28180" CreationDate="2018-12-31T13:28:52.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally and people I know when they try to get the attention of an unknown animal (in the south of Spain):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cat: &lt;em&gt;misi&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mini&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dog: &lt;em&gt;tubi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually they say them multiple times (&lt;em&gt;misi misi misi...&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2018-12-31T14:24:01.510" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T14:24:01.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28104" CreationDate="2018-12-31T13:37:29.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain I should say &quot;he descansado bien&quot; (I am well-rested).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Descansar is usually used as verb. I think I can count with the fingers of my hand the times I see it as adjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2018-12-31T15:27:34.737" LastActivityDate="2018-12-31T15:27:34.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-12-31T21:03:13.993" Score="7" ViewCount="1083" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por curiosidad me da por buscar la etimología de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrGGH0A&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;guiri&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y me encuentro con que viene del vasco &lt;em&gt;guiristino&lt;/em&gt; 'cristino', término que según el DLE significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En las guerras civiles del siglo XIX, partidario de la reina Cristina. Era usado también para designar a los liberales, y en especial a los soldados del Gobierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta acepción cuadra con la etimología, pero en algún momento pasó a usarse, hoy en día mayoritariamente diría yo, para referirse coloquialmente a los turistas extranjeros, como indica su tercera acepción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuándo y cómo se produjo este cambio? Bonus: ¿se usa esta voz con el mismo significado en Hispanoamérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2018-12-31T21:57:58.350" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:34:27.957" Title="¿Cuándo y cómo pasó &quot;guiri&quot; a designar a un turista extranjero?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28191" CreationDate="2018-12-31T22:20:05.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not certain how &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guiri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; would have come to mean &quot;[European] tourist&quot; after its pre-established progression of meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlist_Wars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cristinos&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;liberals &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;government soldiers &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guardia Civil &amp;amp; Policía Armada&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Juan Goytisolo proposes an alternative etymology of the secondary meaning (&quot;European tourist&quot;) with a clearer semantic link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &quot;El &lt;em&gt;guiur&lt;/em&gt; o infiel —nombre derivado del árabe &lt;em&gt;câfir&lt;/em&gt;, del que procede nuestro 'cafre' y que, tras originar en el Maghreb dominado antaño por los otomanos el actual &lt;em&gt;gauri&lt;/em&gt; (plural, &lt;em&gt;guâra&lt;/em&gt;) con el que se designa hoy de un modo un tanto peyorativo a los europeos, aterrizará finalmente entre nosotros en forma de neologismo caló &lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;—&quot; (Goytisolo 1989: 62). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=zOEVlJWy6moC&amp;amp;q=guiri#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=guiri&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pesquisas en la obra tardía de Juan Goytisolo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Brigitte Adriaensen, Marco Kunz (p.51, 66)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T13:45:45.263" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T13:45:45.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28194" CreationDate="2019-01-01T01:03:54.907" Score="3" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Spanish textbook (Spanish Cat level 1) has &quot;apróximadamente&quot; in the following context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El norte de Chile tiene muy buen clima, no hay muchas lluvias pero la&#xA;  temperatura no varia mucho, es de apróximadamente 20°C. En el sur es frío y llueve en invierno. En Santiago, el invierno puede ser de -2°C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I look up &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/apr%C3%B3ximadamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spanishdict&lt;/a&gt; it only has an entry for the form without an accent, and the examples (at least for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/examples/aproximadamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;first page&lt;/a&gt;) for aproximadamente seem to only be without an accent. Diccionario de la lengua española doesn't have the version with an accent. However, the English edition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/apr%C3%B3ximadamente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt; regards the form with an accent as legitimate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should an accent be used in apróximadamente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="442" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T01:14:10.153" Title="Should an accent be used in apróximadamente?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28193" CreationDate="2019-01-01T01:14:10.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it should not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aproximadamente&lt;/em&gt; is formed off of &lt;em&gt;aproximada&lt;/em&gt;, which does not use an accent. The stress is on the next to the last &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (aproxiMAda) and that syllable maintains the stress with &lt;em&gt;-mente&lt;/em&gt; (aproxiMAdaMENte).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T01:14:10.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28156" CreationDate="2019-01-01T05:33:25.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple approach (although there's nothing wrong with the longer one):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han atacado a los ancianos &lt;strong&gt;con&lt;/strong&gt; aumentos de impuestos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T05:33:25.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28137" CreationDate="2019-01-01T06:03:20.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're having fun putting elements together, and this is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specific feedback:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mujer neoyorquina&lt;/em&gt; is certainly possible; note that here, &quot;mujer&quot; is a bit redundant, so you might prefer the simpler version, without &quot;mujer&quot;: &lt;em&gt;neoyorquina&lt;/em&gt;, e.g. &quot;As a good New Yorker, she some some specialty side dishes from the neighborhood deli&quot; | Como buena neoyorquina, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Demócrata washingtoniano&lt;/em&gt; could work in some circles, but note that when people speak in English about Washington Democrats, I don't think they mean &lt;em&gt;a special flavor of Democrats&lt;/em&gt;, which is what &quot;Demócrata washingtoniano&quot; suggested to me.  I think they mean &lt;em&gt;Democratic members of Congress&lt;/em&gt; (los demócratas en el Congreso).  Also note that &quot;Washingtonian&quot; has a special meaning to people who live in DC.  It refers to the local culture of that area.  Which I don't think is quite what you were aiming for.  I think you were trying to do something similar to &quot;neoyorquino,&quot; no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I go back to your title, Noun Adjuncts associating a noun with a place -- hmm.  Let me see if I can construct an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Women who live in the mountains, or mountain women, could be &lt;em&gt;mujeres de la sierra&lt;/em&gt;, or more succinctly and commonly, &quot;las serranas&quot;, e.g. &quot;Las serranas de los lugares aislados generalmente se lavan el pelo en el río.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T06:11:33.260" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T06:11:33.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28124" CreationDate="2019-01-01T06:23:36.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;We won't stand for it&quot; is indeed &quot;No lo toleramos,&quot; and also &quot;No lo aguantamos.&quot;  This is similar to &quot;No lo aguanto&quot; (= I can't stand it/him).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A candidate might define a platform: Candidate B stands for a livable wage.  For this meaning of &quot;stand,&quot; the exact translation would depend on the context; here's one example: !Vota por Cristina!  ¡Vota por un salario mínimo adecuado!  (Notice the &quot;for&quot; in &quot;stand for&quot; goes with the preposition &quot;por&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you might get farther in general by using the following two resources: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.com/english-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguée&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="14756" LastEditDate="2019-01-02T16:46:56.270" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T16:46:56.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28094" CreationDate="2019-01-01T06:42:31.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your ear is picking up things that aren't necessarily in your textbook.  Good listening!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at the example you provided:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me hubiera dado vergüenza de copiar de alguien en clase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure exactly what you heard.  Here are some possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(a) Me hubiera dado vergüenza de haber copiado en un examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or perhaps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(b) Me hubiera dado vergüenza copiar en un examen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that the difference between theory and practice that you are experiencing is that in informal natural speech, part of the sentence might not be explicit.  For example: &lt;em&gt;A fulano lo rasparon por copiar en el examen.  Uy, ¡a mí me hubiera dado tanta pena!&lt;/em&gt;  Here, there is an implicit clause that is understood from the context.  The complete meaning of the sentence might be, &lt;em&gt;Jesus, I would have been so embarrassed [if I had been caught copying].&lt;/em&gt;  But in both languages, &quot;Jesus, I would have been so embarrassed&quot; is enough.  The rest can be assumed or inferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T06:42:31.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27176" CreationDate="2019-01-01T08:38:57.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &quot;Inventario general de insultos&quot; de Celdrán Gomáriz (1995) se recoge (negrita mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gomoso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pisaverde, petimetre, currutaco; lechuguino excesivamente baboso con las mujeres. &lt;strong&gt;Deriva de&#xA;  &quot;goma&quot;, en su acepción de &quot;laca, maque&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt; de donde también se dijo &quot;maqueado&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;por el peinado tratado&#xA;  con esa substancia que se empezó a utilizar en España durante la segunda mitad del siglo pasado, y del&#xA;  que abusaron los elegantes del momento&lt;/strong&gt;. Su equivalente actual es el tipo engominado que se embadurna la cabeza con fijador. En la zarzuela del maestro Francisco Alonso, Las Leandras, se utiliza así el término, que no debía tener por entonces demasiada vida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Y el gomoso que la ve&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  va y le dice: Venga usté&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a ponerme en la solapa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lo que quiera; ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T08:47:52.307" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T08:47:52.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28201" CreationDate="2019-01-01T15:04:50.653" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué «su la» aparece en la frase de abajo.  Entendería la frase si uno u otro se hubiera usado solo, pero ¿por qué ambos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La mamá espera en el carro, observando &lt;em&gt;su la&lt;/em&gt; antigua casa con techo a dos aguas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19194" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T15:11:12.143" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;su la&quot; cuando las dos palabras se usan juntas?" Tags="&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28200" CreationDate="2019-01-01T15:11:12.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como mucho, históricamente era (y hoy día es con artículos indefinidos en ciertas regiones) válido decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la su&lt;/strong&gt; antigua casa&lt;/em&gt;, pero en orden &lt;em&gt;su la&lt;/em&gt; no lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, es sencillamente un error.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T15:11:12.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28175" CreationDate="2019-01-01T15:44:16.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;transcendental prohibición de caza / significativa prohibición... / notable prohibición...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;transcendental&quot; is the most accurate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17943" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T15:44:16.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-01T16:42:45.663" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if the phrase, &quot;la luna en el cielo de Oregon&quot; is correct.  This is part of a gift and I want to be absolutely sure it is grammatically correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15148" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T21:06:14.897" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T10:33:03.633" Title="Is &quot;la luna en el cielo de Oregon&quot; grammatically correct?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-01T16:53:32.453" Score="6" ViewCount="395" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Tagalog, the word for &quot;doll&quot; is &lt;em&gt;manika&lt;/em&gt; derived from Spanish &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering why this word is spelled &lt;em&gt;ma&lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;ika&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;ma&lt;strong&gt;ny&lt;/strong&gt;ika&lt;/em&gt;. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_nasal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; sound&lt;/a&gt; is always preserved and transcribed as &lt;em&gt;ny&lt;/em&gt; in other Spanish loanwords to Philippine languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the source Spanish word have an older/cognate &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; only form (say &lt;em&gt;muneca&lt;/em&gt;) that may have resulted in the Philippine words not having an &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; sound?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20845" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-13T08:45:02.990" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T22:48:12.970" Title="Does muñeca (doll) have a non-ñ form?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;&lt;tagalog&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2019-01-01T17:25:30.507" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Etymology of &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The etymology of &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt; is thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Old Spanish&lt;/code&gt; monneca &amp;gt; munneca &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;Spanish&lt;/code&gt; muñeca&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Old Spanish, &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; was written &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt;, but the sound was the same. There do exist occasional spelling variants with a single &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; from Old Spanish documents, but given these appear in free variation with the &lt;em&gt;nn&lt;/em&gt; spelling by the same authors, we can assume they are errors/spelling variants/shorthand and not indicative of a different unpalatalised pronunciation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Et la eſtrella q́ es ſobre la &lt;strong&gt;monneca&lt;/strong&gt; del braço dieſtro dela figura dela ſénora que eſta en la ſiella aſſentada a poder ſobreſta piedra […]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero eſto ſera mas cóplida miente deſcendiendo ſobresta piedra la útud de figura de mano de oḿe dela &lt;strong&gt;múneca&lt;/strong&gt; arriba. eſtádo abierta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;c. 1250: Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 2v.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, this doesn't shed much light on where the change in Tagalog and other languages&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; originated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;From &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;manika&lt;/em&gt;: Sound change in Tagalog&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While most Spanish loanwords to Tagalog with &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; are spelled correspondingly &lt;em&gt;ny&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;banyo (baño), panyo (paño),  konyo (coño), espanyol (español)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;espanya (españa), senyas (seña), senyales (señale), kastanyas (castaña)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;notice that in all of these the vowel following the /ɲ/ is /o/ or /a/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By contrast, in &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt; the /ɲ/ is followed by /e/, a front vowel, which in Spanish loanwords to Tagalog is occasionally heightened further to /i/, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;band&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;la (band&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ra), h&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;bla (h&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;bra), kump&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;sal (conf&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;sar), l&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;trato (r&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;trato), tal&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;no (tal&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;nto), man&lt;strong&gt;i&lt;/strong&gt;ka (muñ&lt;strong&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ca)&lt;/em&gt; etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My hypothesis is that the palatalisation of the 'n' over time got 'absorbed' into the /i/, this being an uncommon series of sounds in Tagalog. Something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/muˈɲeka/&lt;/code&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;*/maˈɲika/&lt;/code&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;*/maˈnjika/&lt;/code&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;*/maˈniːka/&lt;/code&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;/maˈnika/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The existence of the alternate &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tagaloglang.com/manika/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;orthography&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;manyika&lt;/em&gt; in Tagalog may suggest that it was at one point pronounced closer to the Spanish root, and that the sound change happened in the Tagalog word itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Further, in loanwords with /nj/ this sequence also becomes a palatal nasal: &lt;em&gt;matrimonyo (matrimonio), alemanya (alemania), britanya (britania)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; Note that the Portuguese word &lt;em&gt;boneca&lt;/em&gt; (again derived from Spanish &lt;em&gt;muñeca&lt;/em&gt;) also depalatalises the /ɲ/, despite this phoneme existing in Portuguese.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8qQS0hwymqMC&amp;amp;pg=PA248&amp;amp;lpg=PA248&amp;amp;dq=tagalog+%C9%B2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Comparison of the Phonemic Systems of Spanish and Tagalog&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Antonio Quilis (p.248, 2.6: Nasal Phonemes)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_loanwords_in_Tagalog#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_loanwords_in_Tagalog#Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;em&gt;Spanish loan-words in the Tagalog language&lt;/em&gt;, Jose Villa Panganiban&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-12T22:48:12.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28207" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28208" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" Score="0" Body="Preguntas sobre la relación entre los idiomas español y tagalo. // Mga tanong tungkol sa ugnayan sa pagitan ng Espanyol at Tagalog." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" LastActivityDate="2019-01-01T19:08:13.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28211" CreationDate="2019-01-02T08:39:28.333" Score="7" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;De cuando en cuando, empujada por el uso popular, la RAE incluye en el DLE, como palabras comunes, sustantivos que provienen de usar la marca comercial de un producto conocido como el nombre genérico de ese mismo producto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algunos ejemplos recientes serían: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Z7mZk4e&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;táper&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TnfXVsj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pósit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9TC9QRc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clínex&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esta pregunta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19424/c%C3%B3mo-se-llama-el-efecto-de-llamar-a-las-cosas-por-el-nombre-de-una-marca-conoci&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;C&amp;#243;mo se llama el efecto de llamar a las cosas por el nombre de una marca conocida?&lt;/a&gt;, sabemos que este proceso puede llamarse &quot;vulgarización de marca&quot;, &quot;lexicalización&quot; o incluso &quot;sinécdoque&quot;, según el enfoque que hagamos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, también es cierto que muchas de estas palabras dejan de usarse pasado un cierto tiempo, especialmente tras la desaparición de la marca asociada, y supongo que llegado ese momento la Academia las retira del diccionario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me asalta la curiosidad entonces: de todas las palabras basadas en marcas, ¿cuál es la más veterana del diccionario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-02T11:19:17.433" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T14:26:23.027" Title="¿Cuál es la marca registrada que lleva más tiempo aceptada como sustantivo en el DLE?" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28203" CreationDate="2019-01-02T10:33:03.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not see anything ungrammatical in that sentence. However, it may or may not make sense depending on the context. If you are talking about the Moon shining in the sky above Oregon, then it is probably fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T10:33:03.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28209" CreationDate="2019-01-02T10:52:32.573" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene#Illuminating_oil_from_coal_and_oil_shale&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parafina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: se registró por primera vez en 1853 (Domínguez), y en el DLE en &lt;strong&gt;1884&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaselina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vaselina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: 1895 (Zerolo), &lt;strong&gt;1899&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celuloide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Celuloide&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: 1895 (Zerolo), 1901 (Toro y Gómez), &lt;strong&gt;1914&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin%C3%B3leo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Linóleo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;1914&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maicena&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maicena&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Hay unos ejemplos registrados más tempranos, pero en diccionarios aparte de la RAE:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenalina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adrenalina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: 1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), &lt;strong&gt;1925&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queroseno#Historia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kerosene&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), &lt;strong&gt;1927&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirigible#Zepel%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zepelín&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:    1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), 1918 (Rodríquez Navas), &lt;strong&gt;1927&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_acetilsalic%C3%A1lico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aspirina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:    1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), 1918 (Rodríquez Navas), &lt;strong&gt;1927&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanolina&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lanolina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:   1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), 1918 (Rodríquez Navas), &lt;strong&gt;1970&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;• &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero%C3%ADna#Etimolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heroína&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:    1917 (Alemany y Bolufer), 1918 (Rodríquez Navas), &lt;strong&gt;1984&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Marcas_vulgarizadas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Marcas_vulgarizadas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T14:26:23.027" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T14:26:23.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-02T16:24:12.260" Score="3" ViewCount="4701" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo puedo yo cambiar de tiempo verbal en el siguiente ejemplo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios nos escogió en Cristo desde antes de la creación del mundo, para que &lt;strong&gt;fuéramos&lt;/strong&gt; santos y sin defecto en su presencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo quiero cambiar de tiempo verbal de la tercera persona a la primera persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto lo siguiente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dios me escogió en Cristo desde antes de la creación del mundo, para que yo &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; santo y sin defecto en su presencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2020-06-29T07:48:49.580" LastActivityDate="2020-06-29T07:48:49.580" Title="¿Cómo puedo cambiar el tiempo verbal de tercera a primera persona?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28212" CreationDate="2019-01-02T17:34:07.517" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si buscas un verbo (como &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm%7CXe5NPsQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;) en el diccionario online de la RAE puedes darle al botón azul a la derecha del verbo que dice &quot;conjugar&quot; y te dará una lista de las conjugaciones de ese verbo para cada tiempo y persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tu traducción es gramaticalmente correcta al usar &lt;strong&gt;presente&lt;/strong&gt; de subjuntivo al cambiar de la tercera persona plural a primera singular, por los usos que le podemos dar al subjuntivo (como expresar deseo o esperanza, o para expresar la &lt;em&gt;idea de propósito o finalidad&lt;/em&gt; con las frases que usan &quot;para que&quot; o &quot;a fin de que&quot;), pero cabría la posibilidad de seguir usando el pretérito. Así, partiríamos de: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios nos escogió en Cristo desde antes de la creación del mundo, para que (nosotros) &lt;strong&gt;fuéramos&lt;/strong&gt; santos y sin defecto en su presencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;para cambiar a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios me escogió en Cristo desde antes de la creación del mundo, para que yo &lt;strong&gt;sea&lt;/strong&gt; santo y sin defecto en su presencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o también a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dios me escogió en Cristo desde antes de la creación del mundo, para que yo &lt;strong&gt;fuera/fuese&lt;/strong&gt; santo y sin defecto en su presencia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si cambias a presente (de subjuntivo) por supuesto puede ser que estés modificando el alcance (temporal) de esa decisión o finalidad y dependeríamos del contexto para saber si el uso de alguno de los tiempos no es correcto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre me dio dinero para que yo &lt;em&gt;vaya&lt;/em&gt; a comprar el pan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;indica que la acción de comprar el pan (que es para lo que mi madre me dio dinero) aun debe realizarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi madre me dio dinero para que yo &lt;em&gt;fuese&lt;/em&gt; a comprar el pan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede indicar que esa era la intención de mi madre al darme dinero, pero quizá yo me lo he gastado en otra cosa, o no he ido a hacer el recado solicitado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el contexto del ejemplo creo que hay poca diferencia (y si la hay es muy sutil) entre un tiempo y otro. En otros contextos, como en el ejemplo que he dado, la diferencia es sustancial, y no podrías pasar del pretérito al presente al cambiar de tercera persona plural a primera personal singular al hacer la traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-02T18:13:36.710" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T18:13:36.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28215" CreationDate="2019-01-02T19:00:29.923" Score="1" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could someone please explain me the intricacy of using 'por medio de' over 'mediante'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20850" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T07:18:53.737" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T07:18:53.737" Title="Difference between &quot;Por medio de&quot; and &quot;Mediante&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28214" CreationDate="2019-01-02T20:51:28.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no difference between &lt;em&gt;mediante&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;por medio de&lt;/em&gt;; they are (to my knowledge) exact synonyms, and can be used one in place of the other everywhere, except in a few fixed phrases like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por medio de la presente…&lt;/em&gt; (used to begin a formal letter or communication)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dios mediante&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;God willing&quot;, though in this case &lt;em&gt;mediante&lt;/em&gt; is used in a very particular way, suggesting divine intercession or mediation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Dictionary of the Royal Academy even defines &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OkJXvGN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mediante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; with reference to &lt;em&gt;por medio de&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides the meaning, there's also no difference in the usual placement of these two words, with the exception, again, of fixed phrases. Because &lt;em&gt;mediante&lt;/em&gt; is technically a lexicalized present participle*, it can appear after its object, as in &lt;em&gt;Dios mediante&lt;/em&gt;, but this is a extremely particular idiomatic usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*The verb &lt;em&gt;mediar&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to mediate, to intercede&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T21:50:34.203" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T21:50:34.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28191" CreationDate="2019-01-02T23:44:06.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como @ukemi y @Diego analizan la etimología de &quot;guiri&quot; en su respuesta, afrontemos la aparición de la nueva acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En Google Books he encontrado un breve fragmento de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=BOKyAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22guiri%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Balada de Juan Campos&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Gonzalo Torrente Malvido (&lt;strong&gt;1964&lt;/strong&gt;) en el que aparece la palabra &lt;strong&gt;guiri&lt;/strong&gt; referida a una mujer, un uso diferente de los recogidos hasta ese momento (guardia civil o soldado):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... pues &lt;strong&gt;la guiri&lt;/strong&gt; había dejado el cesto abierto; el autobús iba casi vacío...&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En la canción &quot;Pepe Rodríguez, el de la barba en flor&quot;, Pablo Guerrero (&lt;strong&gt;1972&lt;/strong&gt;) canta (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyoPpGWWBJE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... Arco de Cuchilleros baja con tal primor&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que &lt;strong&gt;extranjeras y &quot;guiris&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; le demandan amor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pepe Rodríguez, el de la barba en flor,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  lleva a sus &lt;strong&gt;&quot;guiris&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; a un piso coquetón,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que refleja que ya en esos años era una palabra conocida y que existe alguna diferencia entre &lt;strong&gt;extranjera&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;guiri&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Como señala @ukemi en un comentario, aparece oficialmente recogido por primera vez en 1989, en el diccionario manual de la RAE.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn-94-58.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moros, sudacas y guiris&lt;/em&gt;, una forma de contemplar la diversidad humana en Barcelona&lt;/a&gt; de Nadja Monnet (2001) se profundiza en la diferencia terminológica para denominar a distintos extranjeros. Indica que &lt;strong&gt;guiri&lt;/strong&gt; se utiliza para referirse a únicamente a &lt;strong&gt;determinado tipo de extranjeros&lt;/strong&gt; y que la aparición y difusión del término se produjo en los años 1960 - 1980:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... los &quot;guiris&quot; son &quot;extranjeros&quot;, en su sentido restringido de &quot;gente que vienen a gastar dinero y a pasárselo bien. ... el arquetipo del &quot;guiri&quot; es el playero, el visitante alto, rubio en búsqueda de sol... Por lo tanto es ante todo &quot;el extranjero germánico&quot;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ... la palabra, en su sentido más común hoy en día, está vinculada con el desarrollo económico de España en las &lt;strong&gt;décadas 1960-1970&lt;/strong&gt;, la llegada del turismo y la decadencia del régimen de Franco.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://cafebabel.com/es/article/quienes-son-los-guiris-5ae00a42f723b35a145e6164/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Quiénes son los guiris?&lt;/a&gt; se incide en el cambio de la acepción moderna y en el momento de aparición:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aunque, en un principio, identificábamos como guiris a los turistas del norte de Europa, hoy parece que el guiri es todo aquel visitante que pone los pies en nuestras costas y ciudades más emblemáticas. De hecho, según la Real Academia Española, la palabra &quot;guiri&quot; significa, en español coloquial, &quot;turista extranjero&quot;, sin distinción.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Se cree que el término fue recuperado en la España de los años 60, con la forma abreviada &quot;guiri&quot;, cuando la mentalidad liberal de los extranjeros que visitaban el país en los primeros años de nuestra recuperación económica, chocaba con la ideología tradicional del Franquismo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Aunque también hay quien opina que en la evolución de esta palabra ha influido el término &quot;&lt;strong&gt;guirigay&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, el alboroto que se forma como consecuencia de un lenguaje incomprensible y que también estaría relacionado con la lengua que hablan los extranjeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso de &lt;strong&gt;guiri&lt;/strong&gt;  aparece documentado desde al menos &lt;strong&gt;1964&lt;/strong&gt; y ha evolucionado desde el inicial concepto &lt;em&gt;turista de piel pálida que se quema con el sol&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;cualquier turista extranjero&lt;/em&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre cómo se produjo el cambio, hay las dos hipótesis citadas en &lt;a href=&quot;https://cafebabel.com/es/article/quienes-son-los-guiris-5ae00a42f723b35a145e6164/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Quiénes son los guiris?&lt;/a&gt; que no parecen ser excluyentes: recuperación en los años 60 de la palabra con el sentido de &lt;em&gt;liberal&lt;/em&gt; y aplicándola a los turistas por su mentalidad liberal (en comparación con la general de España de esos años), o adaptación/modificación del &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guirigay&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de los turistas extranjeros. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T17:34:27.957" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:34:27.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28246" CreationDate="2019-01-03T06:44:25.453" Score="3" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los &lt;a href=&quot;http://lib.nmsu.edu/archives/documents/ahad.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Archivos Históricos del Arzobispado de Durango&lt;/a&gt; hay tal documento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Renuncia del arcediano, Agustín Fernández San Vicente, de los derechos de&#xA;  anato de la iglesia de Durango&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hé podido comprender aún lo que es un derecho de anato. ¿Qué será?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T11:12:17.080" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T22:02:03.097" Title="¿Qué son &quot;derechos de anato&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28218" CreationDate="2019-01-03T11:11:21.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3Ry4US1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arcedianato&lt;/a&gt; es la dignidad del cargo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3S2sKeX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;arcediano&lt;/a&gt; (también conocido como &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=3SNPOCh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;archidiácono&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarmente, el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtUI7If&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deanato&lt;/a&gt; (a veces &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bv99zCB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decanato&lt;/a&gt;) es la dignidad del cargo de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BtSFzGY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deán&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es posible que se utilizase &quot;anato&quot; como nombre genérico para las dignidades eclesiásticas: deanatos, vicedeanatos, arcedianatos, etc. En tal caso, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;derecho de anato&quot; sería el derecho a ostentar un cargo eclesiástico&lt;/strong&gt;, y el texto vendría a querer decir que el arcediano renunció a ostentar dicho cargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También puede ser (yo lo veo más probable) que el documento sea una mala transcripción donde se han fusionado dos &quot;de&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Renuncia del arcediano, Agustín Fernández San Vicente, de los derechos &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt;anato de la iglesia de Durango&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T11:11:21.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28155" CreationDate="2019-01-03T13:05:57.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama así porque su forma resembla un globo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/39VKcs.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/39VKcs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cWkkks.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cWkkks.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en contraste con los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batidor#Tipos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;otros tipos&lt;/a&gt; de batidor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mHIb9.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mHIb9.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En algunos dialectos por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonimia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metonimia&lt;/a&gt; el nombre &lt;em&gt;globo&lt;/em&gt; se ha transformado en el término general para un batidor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;batidor &gt; batidor globo &gt; globo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés también se llama este tipo de batidor especificamente &quot;Balloon whisk&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T13:05:57.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28221" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28230" CreationDate="2019-01-03T19:51:03.290" Score="3" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber de dónde proviene la expresión &lt;code&gt;de calle&lt;/code&gt;. Su uso, a mi juicio, indica facilidad/seguridad en la consecución de algo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El partido de mañana lo ganará el Barça &lt;strong&gt;de calle&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué prefieres, una bicicleta o un Ferrari? El Ferrari &lt;strong&gt;de calle&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De dónde proviene? ¿Alguna propuesta de una definición más exacta? ¿Algún otro uso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20735" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T08:02:34.523" Title="Etimología de &quot;de calle&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28235" CreationDate="2019-01-03T23:06:33.360" Score="5" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do native Spanish speakers resolve the ambiguous -amos ending in 1st person plural in all regular -ar verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: 'hablamos' could be &quot;we speak&quot; or &quot;we spoke.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I can think of is context, that is, some word, words or a phrase in sentence that establishes the time frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems very problematic for the non-native speaker, since it implies one must wait to hear the entire sentence to get the tense the speaker intends, or, there is no time-sensitive context in the sentence.  There must be a better way, since hundreds of millions of people around the world speak Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to speak Spanish like an educated native of Spain or Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here, on 1/9/2019, I am adding text I tried to include as a comment, but it is too long.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I asked this question, the answer I was hoping for was the answer a Spanish instructor would give in a Latin country. I assumed that even for native speakers, a formal pedagogical approach to resolving ambiguous verb endings was taught in school, and that curious students would ask the question much as I have. Perhaps that just shows how naive non-native learners are?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the answers received thus far, though useful, depend on context or idiom. I was able to translate about half of aparente001’s examples from my vocabulary and knowledge of grammar.  What do non-native learners then do?  Resort to dictionaries and machine translators, as I did. Google had four problems with that text, so, I focused on intuiting what the writer intended and substituted my own words that did pass machine translation and made sense in context. For the phrase, &lt;em&gt;«Ya llevamos tres capítulos.»&lt;/em&gt;, which Google translates as “we’ve already &lt;strong&gt;had&lt;/strong&gt; three chapters,” the closest I could get at Span¡shD¡ct is &lt;em&gt;«llevo estudiados tres capítulos»&lt;/em&gt;, but notice, this idiom includes the verb &lt;em&gt;estudiados&lt;/em&gt;, past participle of &lt;em&gt;estudiar&lt;/em&gt;.  In fact, I suggested in a comment that perhaps the past participle with a helping verb of some sort was one way of dealing with ambiguous verb endings. Is this not such an example? It seemed to me &lt;em&gt;«Ya leímos tres capítulos.»&lt;/em&gt;, “we’ve already &lt;strong&gt;read&lt;/strong&gt; three chapters,” expresses that thought without relying on an obscure idiom. Or, perhaps that idiom should be rendered as: &lt;em&gt;«Ya llevamos leídos tres capítulos.»&lt;/em&gt; Google translates this as “We have already &lt;strong&gt;read&lt;/strong&gt; three chapters.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google also had a problem with &lt;em&gt;su voz&lt;/em&gt;, which, following Spinelli’s discussion of ambiguous &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;, I changed to &lt;em&gt;la voz de ella&lt;/em&gt;.  Google stupidly translated &lt;em&gt;con ella&lt;/em&gt; as “with him.” It took &lt;em&gt;con a ella&lt;/em&gt; to get Google to render “with her.”  Go figure. Machine translators are far from perfect but absent an immersion program, or a Spanish-speaking friend to serve as mentor, what else can we do? I think idioms are fascinating, and I think a college Spanish major in U.S. could devote a full quarter or semester to their study.  But that is not what I asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20860" LastEditorUserId="20860" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T18:11:21.270" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T18:11:21.270" Title="Ambiguous -amos ending in all regular -ar verbs in presente and pretérito" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28234" CreationDate="2019-01-03T23:30:10.253" Score="1" ViewCount="259" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nosotros trabajamos&lt;/em&gt; (we work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nosotros podemos trabajar&lt;/em&gt; (we can work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different verb conjugation for &quot;trabajar&quot; because of the word &quot;podemos&quot;. Please can someone explain how to arrive at &quot;trabajar&quot; in the second example and under what circumstances I have to revert to the infinitive like this? &quot;We&quot; remains the performing component in the second example so I can't wrap my brain around why the infinitive is used rather than &quot;nosotros podemos trabajamos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20822" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T07:34:33.270" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T07:34:33.270" Title="&quot;Trabajar&quot; versus &quot;trabajamos&quot;: when to use the infinitive" Tags="&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28222" CreationDate="2019-01-03T23:33:35.047" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There really isn't any confusion.  Consider that in English there are many verbs that have identical past and present forms (&lt;em&gt;hit&lt;/em&gt;, for instance), but that doesn't cause much if any issue (most English speakers aren't even aware that there are verbs that act like that).  While it's true in an &lt;em&gt;isolated&lt;/em&gt; sentence you need to have additional information, in a conversation, tenses don't tend to rapidly switch at random, and are generally in response to some other statement or question.  If the previous sentence was in the past, you can &lt;em&gt;generally&lt;/em&gt; assume the next sentence to also be in the past.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was likely back in the day an actual distinction between the two forms.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Nonetheless, the distinction didn't hold, which is evidence to it not really causing much confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Consider Asturian/Mirandese/Portuguese which &lt;em&gt;amamos&lt;/em&gt; (present), and &lt;em&gt;amemos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(ast/mwl)&lt;/sub&gt; / &lt;em&gt;amámos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(pt)&lt;/sub&gt; (preterite).  The former came from Latin &lt;em&gt;amāmus&lt;/em&gt;, but the latter from &lt;em&gt;amāvimus&lt;/em&gt;.  Like with 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; person &lt;em&gt;amāvi&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;v&lt;/em&gt; (probably vocalic) fell away, leaving the a diphthong that raised the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, hence today &lt;em&gt;amé&lt;/em&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(ast/es)&lt;/sub&gt; / &lt;em&gt;amei&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;sub&gt;(pt/mwl)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T09:39:46.253" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T09:39:46.253" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2019-01-04T00:35:49.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Uruguay significa atomizarlo. Para que sea más fácil de entender, una moto que haga mucho ruido te puede comer la oreja, una persona que habla con insistencia te puede comer la oreja. &#xA;Para expresarle a una que está comiendo oreja le podés decir: &quot;pah, me estás comiendo oreja&quot;,&quot;¡Que loco come oreja&quot;, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20862" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T00:35:49.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28223" CreationDate="2019-01-04T04:26:11.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first one indicates and action or a place, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We work at the Central Bank&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We work as tv actors&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is used to describe a possibility to do something, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We can work for hours building blocks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;We can work on your TV show as hosts tomorrow&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I do recommend you to distinguish what do you need to transmit to others, to organize in a better way these two possible scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20863" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T04:26:11.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2019-01-04T04:42:49.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México una forma equivalente de dicha expresión, es &lt;strong&gt;endulzarle el oído&lt;/strong&gt; que hace referencia a intentar tener influencia en una persona para que haga o diga determinadas cosas, teniendo como base escuchar de alguien más lo que ella/el mismo deseaba oír.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir influir en las elecciones y decisiones de una persona, teniendo como base decirle cosas que lo harían ser susceptible de actuar como deseamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eres muy bueno para ese trabajo si yo fuera tu me iría a otro lado&lt;/em&gt; esto equivaldría a tratar de hacer que una persona renuncie a su puesto actual pero sin ser directos para que el resultado final de dicha influencia se le pueda asignar directamente a quien toma la elección de renunciar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No asistas a clases no importa, mejor quédate a ver televisión haces mas falta aquí o ¿quieres perder el tiempo?&lt;/em&gt; El resultado dará a alguien que no asiste por que es influenciado/influenciada por alguien mas &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Punto final.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea es influir en la toma decisiones de alguien más, pero que sea de una forma sutil y los resultados se vean como una elección propia y no como consecuencia de conducir a alguien a dicho resultado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20863" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T10:46:55.717" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T10:46:55.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10365" CreationDate="2019-01-04T04:55:21.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;it depends the geographical region of Mexico, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Central and south regions: the common term is: &lt;em&gt;calcetines&lt;/em&gt; and medias refers to a thin cloth used by women when they wear dresses and it covers both legs&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In north region: the common term is &lt;em&gt;medias&lt;/em&gt; and it doesn't matter who uses them(women and men)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in mexican central region if you say &lt;em&gt;esta zapato me calza bien&lt;/em&gt; it means shoes are of your size  and you can use them perfectly &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20863" LastEditorDisplayName="user20863" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T05:05:06.410" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T05:05:06.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28223" CreationDate="2019-01-04T07:37:05.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your second example we have a &lt;strong&gt;perífrasis verbal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SchjIE1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;perífrasis verbal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Gram. Unidad predicativa constituida generalmente por un verbo auxiliar en forma personal y un verbo auxiliado en forma no personal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[English: Predicative unit generally formed by an auxiliary verb in &lt;strong&gt;personal form&lt;/strong&gt; and a main verb in &lt;strong&gt;non-personal form&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that I have &amp;quot;translated&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;auxiliado&lt;/em&gt; by main, applying the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/auxiliary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;auxiliary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that appears in the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;auxiliary verb&lt;/strong&gt;: a verb that gives grammatical information not given by the main verb of a sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main verb of a &amp;quot;perífrasis verbal&amp;quot; is always in non-personal form meaning that it's an infinitive, a gerund or a participle. It's always the auxiliary verb, &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; in your case, the one that applies person, number and genre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the same occurs in English with the verb &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; that you quoted. This verb is a &lt;strong&gt;modal verb&lt;/strong&gt; and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modal verbs (can, could, may, might, will, shall, would, should and must) are followed &lt;strong&gt;by a bare infinitive&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.grammaring.com/the-infinitive-after-modals&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info [in Spanish] about &amp;quot;perífrasis verbales&amp;quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aanduezamartinena.es/perifrasis_verbales.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T07:37:05.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28221" CreationDate="2019-01-04T08:02:34.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del dicho &quot;llevar(se) de calle&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6pegX8v#8SrYbgC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;llevar, o llevarse, de calle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Ganar con suma facilidad algo que está competido.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Vencer fácilmente en una confrontación dialéctica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;locs. verbs. coloqs. Conquistar a alguien, atraerlo, engatusarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es frase antigua. &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=62&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=040119%5C008%5CC003O04012019081809371.1012.1008&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20de%20calle%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto62&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Una de las primeras ocurrencias&lt;/a&gt; que he visto en el CORDE es de ~1654:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dícese quieren invadir aquellos Estados por tres partes el Francés, el Inglés y el Príncipe Francisco de Lorena, cada uno con 30.000 hombres, que si fuese así, se los llevarán de calle como bolos [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en diccionarios no aparece hasta 1705 SOBRINO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MtYZL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MtYZL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dirigir a alguien tocando el tambor, es decir, tener gran ventaja sobre él en el juego, o de otra forma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las guerras era y es costumbre, tras tomar una ciudad o ganar una guerra, que el vencedor hiciera una marcha triunfal por sus calles, en la cual se llevaba también a los prisioneros y vencidos (los que podían caminar, al menos). También se hacía con los condenados por ciertos delitos para mayor escarnio de su persona, etc.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Llevarse a alguien de calle&quot;&lt;/em&gt; es una manera figurada de decir que se le ha vencido con tanta facilidad que se lo han llevado a dar ese &quot;paseo de la derrota&quot; por las calles, bajo el mando del vencedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este dicho se sigue usando hoy en día tal cual, aplicado también a eventos (&lt;em&gt;&quot;se ha llevado el partido de calle&quot;&lt;/em&gt;), pero es ya frecuente el uso de &lt;em&gt;&quot;de calle&quot;&lt;/em&gt; como forma abreviada de transmitir el mismo concepto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Ejemplos de esto los hay a miles, tanto en la realidad como en la ficción, y bien recientes. Desde los desfiles pos Segunda Guerra Mundial con los vencidos alemanes desfilando por las calles de Moscú, hasta el paseo de la vergüenza de cierto personaje por las calles de Desembarco del Rey en Juego de Tronos.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T08:02:34.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24495" CreationDate="2019-01-04T10:23:39.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not all - there are a number of verbs which have a subtle difference in meaning when used reflexively. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Identical&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;abanicar (to fan) / abanicarse (to fan oneself)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Subtle semantic difference&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acusar (to accuse) / acusarse (to confess)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Subject is object, but action is passive, not active&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aburrir (to bore) / aburrirse (to get bored)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enojar (to anger) / enojarse (to get angry)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entristecer (to sadden) / entristecerse (to get sad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rendir (to defeat) / rendirse (to surrender &lt;code&gt;&quot;to be defeated&quot;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Distinct&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;abanar (to pay) / abanarse (to subscribe)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;comer (to eat) / comerse (to eat up)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Body parts&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peinar (to comb) / peinarse (to comb one's hair)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cortar (to cut) / cortarse (to cut [one's hair, nails])&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quebrar (to break) / quebrarse (to break [a bone])&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T10:23:39.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28191" CreationDate="2019-01-04T14:26:53.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?guiri&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; señalan que según tanto Corominas como el DRAE (como apuntas), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la palabra &lt;code&gt;guiri&lt;/code&gt; que actualmente designa en lenguaje coloquial &lt;strong&gt;de España - no parece emplearse en América-&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; (afirmación que parecen corroborar los comentarios a la pregunta)&lt;/sub&gt; a los turistas extranjeros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indican el origen a la referencia de &lt;em&gt;cristinos&lt;/em&gt; (por la reina Cristina) dirigido hacia los soldados del gobierno liberal por parte de los sublevados carlistas. En boca de carlistas vascoparlantes &quot;cristinos&quot; sonaría &quot;guiristinos&quot; (del mismo modo que &lt;em&gt;cruze&lt;/em&gt; del latín da &lt;em&gt;gurutze&lt;/em&gt; en vasco). Además parece que en vasco ya existía la palabra &quot;guiristino&quot; con el significado de &quot;cristiano&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego añaden&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De significar soldados que combatían a los carlistas la voz pasaría a designar a cualquier uniformado, soldado o guardia civil. En la obra de Pérez Galdós &quot;Zumalacárregui&quot; &lt;strong&gt;(1898)&lt;/strong&gt; aparece repetidamente la voz &lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;  para denominar por parte de los carlistas a los soldados gubernamentales que les combatían. En su boca, claro, la palabra sonaba muy despectiva. En un pasaje incluso se comenta &quot;que a los de la Guardia se les llamó &lt;em&gt;guiris&lt;/em&gt;  porque llevaban en su gorra las letras G.R.I. (Guardia Real de Infantería)&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;Aquí tenemos otra propuesta etimológica poco creíble, en nuestra opinión&lt;/strong&gt; [por etimologías de Chile]. En otra ocasión, en otro libro de Galdós, &quot;De Cartago a Sagunto&quot; &lt;strong&gt;1911&lt;/strong&gt; se lee: &quot;tan pronto invadían la posada los oficiales &lt;em&gt;carcas&lt;/em&gt; (los carlistas) como los &lt;em&gt;guiris&lt;/em&gt;&quot; que con tal nombre eran conocidos en Navarra los liberales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la evolución para designar a un turista extranjero, etimologías de Chile conjetura:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, &lt;strong&gt;en el cambio del significado actual hacia extranjero podría, eventualmente, haber influido la fonética del vocablo, asociado tal vez a &lt;em&gt;guirigay&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  o a un lenguaje incomprensible. Es de observar, por otra parte, que en el lenguaje castellano actual, en registros muy coloquiales se utiliza el término &lt;em&gt;guripa&lt;/em&gt;  señalando a uniformados, 'guardias, policías, soldados, o individuo de cuidado' que recuerdan algunos usos de la voz &lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt;. Los etimólogos suelen decir que &lt;em&gt;guripa&lt;/em&gt;  viene de un origen caló, pero la cuestión no está clara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte de esas notas sobre el origen, respaldadas por el DRAE y Corominas, una entrada adicional de etimologías de Chile propone (sin ningún respaldo) que &lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt; puede ser una corrupción de &lt;em&gt;girls&lt;/em&gt;, ya que en temporada de verano (cuando más turistas hay) se intenta ligar con las &lt;em&gt;girls&lt;/em&gt;, y de una corrupción en la pronunciación pasó a &lt;em&gt;guiri&lt;/em&gt; y de ahí a designar no solo a las chicas sino a todos los extranjeros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta versión me parece menos creíble, pero merecía señalarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-04T15:35:18.027" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T15:35:18.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28223" CreationDate="2019-01-05T04:10:48.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English it's not so noticeable, but the fact is that even in English, you conjugate one verb and leave one verb as an infinitive.  To convince you of this, consider this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;She wants to study economics. | Ella quiere estudiar la economía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Want&quot; gets conjugated, but &quot;study&quot; doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There is a &quot;to&quot; here that we don't see in your example, &quot;We can work,&quot; but that's because &quot;can&quot; is a modal, and doesn't need the &quot;to.&quot;  That's just a quirk of English.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some more sentences in Spanish to help you get used to this pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡Deja de fastidiarme ya!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Debemos trabajar más rápido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Puedes traer la sal, por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T04:10:48.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28222" CreationDate="2019-01-05T04:16:11.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that there can be ambiguity.  So, what do you do about it?  I can think of three approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Intuit from the whole context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) If in doubt, ask, for example, &amp;quot;¿Dices, en general, o qué?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) Allow yourself to live with a bit more ambiguity than comes naturally to you (I myself have a bit of trouble taking this approach to life sometimes -- it can be interesting to experiment with this a bit; and such a change can carry over psychologically in a beneficial way to other realms)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that an efficient, common way of indicating that the past tense is intended is to add a one-syllable adverb that puts the verb into the past: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which has a literal meaning of &amp;quot;already,&amp;quot; but which is often used just as a way of situating the context somewhere in the past.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ya pagamos | &lt;em&gt;We paid / We've paid [already]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, there is a cute adverb that positions the verb into the not-too-distant future: &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;luego&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  Example (received a phone call from landlord):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ay, se nos olvidó por completo pagar la renta este mes, disculpe usted, y ahora estamos fuera de la ciudad por quince días.  Le enviamos un cheque luego por correo.  | &lt;em&gt;We completely forgot about paying the rent this month, very sorry, and now we're out of town for two weeks.  We'll send you a check [presently].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&amp;quot;Le enviamos un cheque&amp;quot; could indicate present, past &lt;em&gt;or future&lt;/em&gt;, depending on the context.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's put it all together with the helpful example brought up in the comments to Pablo's answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi esposa y yo estamos viviendo aparte por un tiempo por cuestión de trabajo.  Antes de las vacaciones tratábamos de tener una llamada justo después de cenar, todos los días.  Pero últimamente ya no lo estamos logrando de manera regular, por una u otra causa.  Sin embargo ayer sí, pegamos en el clavo.  Mi hijo y yo marcamos su número a las 7 y conversamos con ella por media hora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me sorprendí de recibir otra llamada de mi esposa a las 9.  Mi hijo se acababa de dormir cuando sonó el teléfono.  Cuando oí su voz, comenté: &amp;quot;Pero ya hablamos hoy.  ¿Hay algún problema?&amp;quot;  Su respuesta: &amp;quot;Tranquilo, todo está bien, nomás quería chequear mi idea de regalo de cumpleaños, ¿te parece bien si compro el segundo libro de Harry Potter?&amp;quot;  Yo respondí: &amp;quot;¡Qué bien que chequeas conmigo!  Ya lo compramos el sábado cuando estábamos en la librería.  Ya llevamos tres capítulos.  Quizá sería buena idea que compraras el tercero.  ¿Por qué no veo mañana y pasado mañana qué tanto le está gustando, y luego chequeamos otra vez el fin de semana?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T20:42:59.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1774" CreationDate="2019-01-05T14:58:22.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are ways of collapsing uncomfortably long chains, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;los ferrocarrileros&lt;/em&gt; (railroad workers)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in a paragraph about car insurance: &lt;em&gt;índice de reclamaciones&lt;/em&gt; (or the lovely &lt;em&gt;siniestralidad&lt;/em&gt; already proposed)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;medalla ingeniería de conservación&lt;/em&gt; (But in a conversation among boy scouts, the &quot;medalla&quot; part will probably be clear from the context, and &quot;ingeniería de conservación&quot; will be enough, and perhaps even just &quot;ingeniería&quot; or &quot;conservación.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in a paragraph about annual salaries: &lt;em&gt;salario del vendepaveros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what actually is a turkey pan holder?  I know what a turkey pan is -- it's a large baking pan.  It might be sturdy, easily washable and designed to be reused, or it might be crinkly, hard to wash, and designed for single use.  What's the holder?  Maybe there's a special frame that the baking pan fits in, and you're supposed to serve the baking pan itself on the dining table, by setting it in that frame or holder?  Most people wouldn't want to do that, but even if a company wanted to sell such a thing, the holder and the pan that fits it would most likely be sold together.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might be more interesting to the consumer would be a rack (that sits inside the pan), or a pair of lifters, that help you flip the bird over for more even browning of the skin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But someone who sells that specific item will sell additional items as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a lion man?  The best guess I could come up with is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Representations of humans, or of flying birds, are rare and it has been suggested that the figures were produced to illustrate the ritual transformation of humans into animals. The most celebrated example is the ‘Lion Man' a lion with five toes on each paw. The imagery suggests the rock art was linked to the belief system of hunter-gatherers who dominated the area....&lt;a href=&quot;https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/359/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt; [unesco]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unesco's Spanish version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El ejemplo más célebre es el del &quot;Hombre-León&quot;, una imagen de felino que muestra cinco dedos en cada una de sus zarpas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But your phrase, &quot;little lion man,&quot; doesn't seem to fit this, so I will skip that example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T14:58:22.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1774" CreationDate="2019-01-05T17:03:48.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to add one more thing other answers have not mentioned (or I didn't see). The noun adjoint also exists in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to use another noun complementing the main noun. This is called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;aposición&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comida basura = junk food&#xA;  Palabras clave = keywords&#xA;  Vagón restaurante = dining car&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is true that you will rarely see more than two nouns. Chains are weird. Spanish tends to be very &quot;organised&quot;, and set what the main word is, and what the description of that main word is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can always replace such adjoint by adjectives: comida pobre, palabras principales, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T17:03:48.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28239" CreationDate="2019-01-05T20:15:42.243" Score="2" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay algo que es muy importante para me que es vital y que yo se que&#xA;  hemos hablado &lt;strong&gt;pero que no se te pueden olvidar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently watching a Novela and one of the characters said this sentence.  The part of the sentence I am referring to specifically is in bold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that in this sentence &quot;se&quot; is the reflexive pronoun referring to the person being spoken to not forgetting it herself.  However where does &quot;te&quot; come in and why is it used here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20868" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T21:26:38.710" Title="What is the use of &quot;te&quot; in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28238" CreationDate="2019-01-05T21:26:38.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few mistakes in the sentence (which I guess you made because you transcribed it as you heard it) but we can forget them. In particular, &lt;em&gt;pero que no se te pueden olvidar&lt;/em&gt; should be &lt;em&gt;pero que no se te puede olvidar&lt;/em&gt; (with &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt; in the singular, agreeing with &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb &lt;em&gt;olvidar&lt;/em&gt; can be used in several different ways. There's a so-called pronominal form of the verb, &lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt;, where &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; stands for a reflexive pronoun which refers to the subject. &lt;strong&gt;The subject is the one who forgets.&lt;/strong&gt; The verb can either be transitive (with a direct object), or intransitive with an optional complement preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me olvidé (de) todo.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;I forgot (about) everything.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;No te puedes olvidar de ella.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;You cannot forget about her.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the pattern that you think you saw, but it's &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; what you are seeing in &lt;em&gt;no se te puede olvidar&lt;/em&gt;. You know this is not the case because if it were, the main verb would be in the second person, agreeing with the second-person pronoun &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, just as in &lt;em&gt;me olvidé&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;te puedes&lt;/em&gt; in my two examples above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is a different pattern. It's another pronominal form and it's basically intransitive; here, unlike the other form, &lt;strong&gt;the subject is the thing being forgotten&lt;/strong&gt;. In English you would render it as a passive voice. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una cosa así no se olvida.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Something like that is not forgotten.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fechas se olvidan fácilmente.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Dates are easily forgotten.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern you found (&lt;em&gt;no se te puede olvidar&lt;/em&gt;) is the above plus a dative (an indirect object). The subject is still the thing being forgotten but &lt;strong&gt;the indirect object allows you to specify who does the forgetting&lt;/strong&gt;; in English you could render that with &quot;by&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una cosa así no se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; olvida.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Something like that is not forgotten &lt;strong&gt;by you&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fechas se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; olvidan fácilmente.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Dates are easily forgotten &lt;strong&gt;by me&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is rather clumsy; in reality you would rather say (with a fronted direct object):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Una cosa así no se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; olvida.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Something like that &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; don't forget.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las fechas se &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; olvidan fácilmente.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;Dates &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; don't easily forget.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammar is puzzling but you can find some parallels. This form (&lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt; + indirect object) works a bit like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, where the subject and indirect object are swapped from the English perspective. Also, &lt;em&gt;olvidarse&lt;/em&gt; is not the only verb that works like this; &lt;em&gt;morirse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;romperse&lt;/em&gt; and a few more work like that, with pairs of alternative patterns where subject and indirect object can swap positions. One pattern focuses on the agent, generally an animate being (the one who forgets, dies or breaks something), while the other focuses on the patient, generally a non-living entity (the thing being forgotten, the thing dying under someone's care, or the thing that is broken).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T21:26:38.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28241" CreationDate="2019-01-05T21:47:16.887" Score="3" ViewCount="951" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las preguntas, primero: &lt;strong&gt;¿es &lt;em&gt;acojonante&lt;/em&gt; un término figurativo?&lt;/strong&gt; En cuyo caso, &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es o era originalmente su significado literal?&lt;/strong&gt; Doy por hecho que la respuesta a la primera pregunta es sí; mi sospecha es que &lt;em&gt;acojonante&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;que acobarda, que impresiona&quot;) tiene que ver con el conocido efecto del miedo extremo en los testículos. La pregunta apunta a si los hablantes actuales reconocen o adivinan esa relación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón de la pregunta (si alguien interesa): estoy leyendo el &lt;em&gt;Ulysses&lt;/em&gt; de Joyce en el original. Uno se encuentra con miles de palabras compuestas inusuales que son una pesadilla para el traductor porque el castellano no cuenta con las estructuras necesarias para expresarlas de manera sencilla. En el primer capítulo hay una famosa línea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— God! he said quietly. Isn't the sea what Algy calls it: a great&#xA;  sweet mother? The snotgreen sea. The &lt;strong&gt;scrotumtightening&lt;/strong&gt; sea. &lt;em&gt;Epi&#xA;  oinopa ponton.&lt;/em&gt; Ah, Dedalus, the Greeks! I must teach you. You must&#xA;  read them in the original. &lt;em&gt;Thalatta! Thalatta!&lt;/em&gt; She is our great&#xA;  sweet mother. Come and look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;scrotumtightening&lt;/em&gt; es invención de Joyce; debería ser &lt;em&gt;scrotum-tightening&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;que tensa/ajusta el escroto&quot;) pero Joyce prescinde de guiones. En las traducciones uno se encuentra con espantosas literalidades como &lt;em&gt;&quot;el mar tensaescrotos&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Opino que &lt;em&gt;acojonante&lt;/em&gt; funcionaría muy bien (aunque los lectores hispanoamericanos no lo comprendan) pero el efecto sólo funciona si en efecto la palabra preserva todavía un eco de significado literal (relacionado con el escroto o los testículos) por detrás del actual significado de &quot;acobardante, apabullante&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T20:36:47.263" Title="¿Cuál es o era el significado literal de «acojonante»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28240" CreationDate="2019-01-05T22:12:17.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que la relación entre &lt;strong&gt;acojonante&lt;/strong&gt; (en sus dos acepciones) y &lt;strong&gt;cojón&lt;/strong&gt; se reconoce perfectamente, además de estar recogida en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0WN8YZ3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acojonante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;acojonar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-nte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. malson. Esp. Que acojona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0WNLUYI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acojonar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cojón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. tr. malson. Esp. acobardar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. tr. malson. Esp. Impresionar profundamente o dejar estupefacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es muy conocido el texto, atribuido a Perez Reverte, sobre el uso de la palabra &lt;em&gt;cojón&lt;/em&gt; y los diferentes significados según sus características y tamaño, número, compuestos con prefijos y sufijos, etc. Cito (extractado) de &lt;a href=&quot;http://carrilengua.blogspot.com/2011/12/morfologia-semantica-y-lexico-por.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de la riqueza del lenguaje castellano, es el número de acepciones de una simple palabra, como puede ser la muy conocida y frecuentemente utilizada, que hace referencia a los atributos masculinos, &quot;cojones&quot;. Se trata de una palabra malsonante para algunos mientras que otros la tienen siempre en la boca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Si va acompañado de un numeral, tiene distintos significados según el número utilizado. Así, &quot;uno&quot; significa caro o costoso (valía un cojón). &quot;Dos&quot;, significa valentía (tenía dos cojones), &quot;tres&quot; significa desprecio (me importa tres cojones) y un número muy grande y par significa dificultad (lograrlo me costó mil pares de cojones).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Los prefijos o sufijos modulan su significado:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;&quot;a&quot; expresa miedo (acojonado)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &quot;des&quot; significa cansancio (descojonado)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &quot;udo&quot; indica perfección (cojonudo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   &quot;azo&quot; se refiere a la indolencia o abulia (cojonazos).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-05T22:40:46.763" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T22:40:46.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28243" CreationDate="2019-01-06T09:41:59.863" Score="14" ViewCount="1742" Body="&lt;p&gt;My native language is a genderless language, there is no masculine/feminine words, and so there is no being agreeable in grammar. This causes a lot of confusion for me as a Spanish Learner and no matter how much I try to be agreeable sometimes make mistake in &lt;em&gt;a/o&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;el/la&lt;/em&gt; or... Spanish teachers tend to say: &quot;You will not be understood if you are not agreeable!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: How does a native Spanish speaker feel if I mistake word genders? Is it considered a mistake? Is it offensive? Will it totally lose meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20471" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-01-29T11:55:48.137" LastActivityDate="2020-01-29T15:19:20.840" Title="Mismatching word gender in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28242" CreationDate="2019-01-06T10:50:36.403" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, your teachers might get upset if I tell you this but: it's a lie, you will be understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess they say it to encourage you to correct your mistakes. You should correct them anyways. I trust you will try to speak correctly anyways, so I'm telling you the truth. I don't want you to be so worried and stressed to avoid mistakes. Just try to fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'll answer your next questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How does a native Spanish speaker feel if I someone mistakes genders?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Native Speaker would immediately detect that you are not a Spaniard, although the accent is the first indicator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it offensive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it is not. If it is not your native language, it's normal to commit mistakes. Nobody should get upset for that. If someone does, he's a madman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it considered a mistake?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We still understand, but that doesn't mean it's not a mistake. It's like saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I are happy&quot; instead of &quot;I am happy&quot;. Everybody understands, but it is wrong. In fact, it's kind of &quot;basic&quot; that everything must agree, so it is immediately detected. However, some nouns are difficult, like &quot;agua&quot; or &quot;mano&quot;. It's more normal that people get confused there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;or will it totally lose meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most words are equally well understood if you choose the wrong gender. For example, if you say &quot;la agua&quot;, people would perfectly understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some others can be less clear. For example, if you said &quot;el mano&quot;, it could be confused with &quot;hermano&quot;, so be careful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it's worse when similar words change meaning. For example: la puerta (the door) vs. el puerto (the port). If you mix them, like &quot;la puerto&quot;, you wouldn't be able to tell what one you meant, unless the context is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this is all. My point is that you should not be &quot;scared&quot; about committing mistakes. Everybody does. However, it is important that you correct them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-29T15:19:20.840" LastActivityDate="2020-01-29T15:19:20.840" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28240" CreationDate="2019-01-06T20:36:47.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La perdida acepción de &quot;cobarde&quot; para &lt;em&gt;cojón&lt;/em&gt; creo que aparece en estas entradas del Diccionario de la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9oRXgGQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;collón, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. &lt;em&gt;coglione&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. vulg. &lt;em&gt;coleo, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt; 'testículo'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. coloq. cobarde (‖ pusilánime). U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0WxcNTM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acollonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;collón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. coloq. acobardar. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien &lt;em&gt;collón&lt;/em&gt; proviene del italiano, ambas palabras , &lt;em&gt;collón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cojón&lt;/em&gt;, derivan del latín usado para 'testículo'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, respondiendo a tu pregunta, en español &lt;em&gt;cojón&lt;/em&gt; no significó 'cobarde', pero en italiano sí. El asunto del sentido figurado habría que buscarlo en esa otra lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me queda entonces la duda de por qué los italianos relacionan los testículos con la cobardía. Aparentemente el italiano &lt;em&gt;coglione&lt;/em&gt; deriva del francés &lt;em&gt;coion&lt;/em&gt;, 'hombre flojo y sin energía'. De hecho, en el diccionario de 1789 de Esteban Terreros &lt;em&gt;collón&lt;/em&gt; es definido como 'flojo, cobarde, que no sirve para cosa de substancia', lo que me deja la otra duda, de por qué los franceses relacionan los testículos con la flojera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T20:36:47.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28245" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-06T20:45:40.573" Score="5" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm finding it hard to understand this phrase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mí como si te mueres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean? What is the closest translation that makes sense in English? Also how do I form sentences of this form with the underlining meaning it conveys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mí como si ataca a su madre ciega e impedida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por mí como si son del Club Coconut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20190" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T17:24:45.367" Title="What is the meaning of 'por mí como si...'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28218" CreationDate="2019-01-06T22:02:03.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &quot;anato&quot; es el nombre que se daba al pago como impuestos de la mitad del salario del primer año a cambio de la concesión de un cargo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Iglesia se aplicaba el mismo concepto para el mantenimiento de la diócesis y la curia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anata_(impuesto)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anata_(impuesto)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T22:02:03.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28245" CreationDate="2019-01-07T03:03:55.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I comes to mean, &quot;I don't care [about these details]&quot; or &quot;As far as I'm concerned, this is as if ...&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it may seem difficult to understand, you can try a with a literal translation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;por mí&lt;/em&gt; → as far as I'm concerned&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por mí&lt;/strong&gt; podemos ir al cine&lt;/em&gt; - As far as I'm concerned, we can go to the movies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt; → as if&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comía &lt;strong&gt;como si&lt;/strong&gt; llevase un mes en ayunas&lt;/em&gt; -  He was eating like he had been fasting a whole month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;por mí como si&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As far as I'm concerned [I care as little] as if ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28042/5481&quot;&gt;Origen de la expresion &quot;me importa un ...&quot;&lt;/a&gt; which explains why we often say &quot;I care about this as much as I care for a cucumber&quot;, meaning, &quot;I care about this as much as as I care about something of little [monetary] value&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &lt;em&gt;&quot;por mí como si&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means that you don't care about something brought to your attention, and you say &quot;well, it could even be this other thing, but I care just the same: nothing&quot;. You compare with something to convey &quot;I care as little as if&quot; or &quot;is as unimportant as if&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A wants B to pitty them, or maybe they are just joking (&quot;Oh, poor me. My leg hurts. Please Carry me&quot;). B comes to say &quot;Your legs hurts? Too bad. I would not help/carry you even if you were dying&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A: Me duele mucho la pierna, ¿Me llevas en brazos?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;B: No. Por mí como si te mueres. No pienso llevarte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A claims that some guy (a famous rapper) is a jerk for the way they treat others. B claims that they don't care about it. They are a hardcore fan of the guy and would support them even if they were to beat their own blind and disabled mother. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A: Este tío es un impresentable. ¿Has visto cómo le habla a su mujer?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;B: Por mí como si ataca a su madre ciega e impedida. Es mi rapero favorito y le apoyaré aunque dispare y mate al último unicornio vivo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A says that they have very important customers and they have to be treated well. B claims that they don't care how important they are. The could be members of the Club Coconut, the royal family, or whatever else (Club Coconut sounds like they are mocking some important group or something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A: Estos son clientes muy importantes. Son todos de la&lt;/em&gt; jet set. &lt;em&gt;Hay que dejarles pasar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;B: Por mí como si son del Club Coconut. Acabo de fregar el suelo, y un suelo recién fregado no lo pisa NADIE.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;por mí como si lo que sucedió ayer nunca hubiera pasado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means, &quot;as far as I'm concerned, I'm going to pretend that that thing of yesterday never happened&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T17:24:45.367" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T17:24:45.367" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28251" CreationDate="2019-01-07T15:57:51.133" Score="3" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Chapúlin Colorado dice en su lengua madre: &lt;em&gt;¡Lo sospeché desde un principio!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras en el dobraje brasileño dice: &lt;em&gt;Suspeitei desde o princípio!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esa es una diferencia entre el castellano y el portugués. Se puede decir en su idioma &quot;desde un principio&quot; en lugar de &quot;desde el principio&quot;, pero la única forma posible en portugués sería: &quot;desde o princípio&quot;. Para nosotros, &quot;um princípio&quot; solo tendría sentido en frases como &quot;um princípio de incêndio&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay registros de cómo surgió &quot;desde un principio&quot;? Como el principio de algo es siempre uno y, al decir &quot;desde o princípio&quot;, imagino &quot;desde o princípio desta história&quot;, esta fue una sorpresa gramatical para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20885" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T17:47:47.993" Title="&quot;Desde un principio&quot; en lugar de &quot;desde el principio&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28257" CreationDate="2019-01-07T16:02:42.320" Score="3" ViewCount="1867" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy buscando la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;afrecho&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;salvado&lt;/em&gt;, como nombre para el producto de la molienda de los granos. ¿Uno de los términos es más específico que el otro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20886" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T07:39:33.357" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T07:39:33.357" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre «afrecho» y «salvado»?" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="32" CreationDate="2019-01-07T17:19:45.427" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;1. Why most nouns ending &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; are masculine, and &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; are feminine&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish is a Romance language, which means it is descended from Latin. In Latin, nouns fell into 5 groups, depending on how they were &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_declension&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;declined&lt;/a&gt; (i.e. how their suffixes changed depending on case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first declension nouns usually end in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; in the nominative singular and are mostly feminine, which is why most words ending &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; are feminine in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second and fourth declension nouns usually end &lt;em&gt;-us&lt;/em&gt; in the nominative singular and are mostly masculine. Latin words ending &lt;em&gt;-us&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/vowels.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;generally evolved into&lt;/a&gt; words ending &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, which is why most words ending &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; are masculine in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. Why &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; bucks the trend&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; comes from Latin &lt;em&gt;manus&lt;/em&gt; - one of the few &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/101/Declension4.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;feminine&lt;/strong&gt; fourth declension nouns&lt;/a&gt;, which explains why it ends &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, even within these feminine 4th declension nouns, &lt;em&gt;manus&lt;/em&gt; is an exception in Spanish, being the only one to both retain its feminine gender and its (morphologically) expected suffix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changed gender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echo &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eco#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eco&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;porticus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/p%C3%B3rtico#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pórtico&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;īdūs (pl) &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=idus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;idus&lt;/a&gt; (m, pl)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quīnquātrūs (pl) &amp;gt; quinquatro (m)&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; domus &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; duomo &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt; dôme &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/domo#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;domo&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changed suffix&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fagus &amp;gt; [materia] fāgea &amp;gt; faya &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haya#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haya&lt;/a&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acus &amp;gt; *acūcula &amp;gt; *acūcla &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aguja#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aguja&lt;/a&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;socrus &amp;gt; *socra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/suegra#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suegra&lt;/a&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nurus &amp;gt; *nora &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nuera#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nuera&lt;/a&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tribus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tribu#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tribu&lt;/a&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quercus &amp;gt; quernus &amp;gt; al quernus &amp;gt; al quernus + occus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alcornoque#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcornoque&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neither&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manus &amp;gt; mano (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The reason &lt;em&gt;mano&lt;/em&gt; maintained both of these aspects is probably due to a combination of factors:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it didn't refer to a female person, and so had no semantic pressure to change (e.g. &lt;em&gt;nuera, suegra&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it was a very common word&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it didn't gain a diminutive suffix in its evolution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it didn't refer to a tree&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;quot;Father-in-law&amp;quot; was &lt;em&gt;socer&lt;/em&gt; in Latin, which evolved expectedly from the singular accusitive &lt;em&gt;socrum&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;*socro&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;em&gt;suegro&lt;/em&gt;, which may have also influenced &lt;em&gt;socrus&lt;/em&gt; becoming &lt;em&gt;suegr&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; 1803 DLE.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; In addition to the examples presented, fourth declension nouns referring to &lt;em&gt;trees&lt;/em&gt; were feminine in Latin as well. These almost exclusively became masculine in Spanish, with the exception of the above &lt;em&gt;fagus &amp;gt; haya&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;• pinus &amp;gt; pino (m)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;• taxus &amp;gt; tejo (m)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;• alnus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=22CBqer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alno&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;• prunus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UVc6yb1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pruno&lt;/a&gt; (m)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;• populus &amp;gt; *plōppus &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=TSTcTYw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pobo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chopo#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chopo&lt;/a&gt; (m) etc&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T14:53:59.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28248" CreationDate="2019-01-07T17:23:54.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ambas formas, &lt;em&gt;desde un principio&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;desde el principio&lt;/em&gt;, existen y son correctas en español. Son muy similares, si no idénticas, en significado.(*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a su uso, sólo &quot;desde el principio&quot; podrá utilizarse si existe un posmodificador, como en &lt;em&gt;desde &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; principio &lt;strong&gt;de la historia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, sólo existe la obligación de usar &quot;un&quot; o &quot;el&quot; con otras preposiciones, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;en &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; principio (NO &lt;em&gt;en &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; principio&lt;/em&gt;): también &lt;em&gt;en un comienzo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt; principio (NO &lt;em&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; principio&lt;/em&gt;): también &lt;em&gt;al inicio, al comienzo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En portugués, en ambos casos se utiliza el artículo definido: &lt;em&gt;n&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; início, n&lt;strong&gt;o&lt;/strong&gt; começo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando &quot;principio&quot; tiene un sentido lógico, no temporal, no se utiliza artículo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En principio&lt;/em&gt;, ambas formas son correctas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al origen de &quot;desde un principio&quot;, parece haber registrado un tímido comienzo para luego estabilizarse en el uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b1LXN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b1LXN.png&quot; alt=&quot;principio&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Nota: En todos los casos en que utiliza el artículo indefinido, el principio, inicio o comienzo no remite a ningún período, mientras que el artículo definido podría implicar que se está haciendo referencia al principio, inicio o comienzo de una determinada etapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T17:47:47.993" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T17:47:47.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28249" CreationDate="2019-01-07T17:57:59.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la definición de &lt;em&gt;afrecho&lt;/em&gt;, el DLE remite directamente a &lt;em&gt;salvado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=10ohnDL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;afrecho&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;affractum&lt;/em&gt; 'quebrantado'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. &lt;strong&gt;salvado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;por lo que se entiende que no hay diferencia en su significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no aparece en el diccionario, creo que en agroindustria se habla también de &lt;em&gt;afrechillo.&lt;/em&gt; Se diferencia del &lt;em&gt;afrecho&lt;/em&gt; en el grado de molturación, y como sugiere el sufijo &lt;em&gt;-illo,&lt;/em&gt; el &lt;em&gt;afrechillo&lt;/em&gt; es más fino que el salvado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20176" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-07T18:44:02.560" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T18:44:02.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-07T19:10:27.363" Score="2" ViewCount="534" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand when I may use &quot;cuando + subjunctive&quot; and what it implies. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cuando tenga mi perro en mis brazos, estaré feliz&#xA;&#xA;cuando esté en la Luna, llamaré a mis amigos&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder, may I use the same pattern but with &quot;si&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;si tenga mi perro en mis brazos, estaré feliz&#xA;&#xA;si esté en la Luna, llamaré a mis amigos&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or will it better to use indicative with &quot;si&quot; in such cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20877" LastActivityDate="2020-06-22T20:26:43.210" Title="&quot;cuando + subjunctive&quot; and &quot;si + subjunctive&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28253" CreationDate="2019-01-07T19:45:24.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When used like this, &lt;em&gt;cuando&lt;/em&gt; always requires the subjunctive, however &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; depends on the clause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are making a general statement and not referring to a specific point in time, use &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; with the indicative in both parts of the clause. It's just the same as English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si tengo mi perro en mis brazos, estoy feliz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I have my dog in my arms, I am happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si tenía mi perro en mis brazos, estaba feliz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had my dog in my arms, I was happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about specific point in time, use &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; with the subjunctive verb and the corresponding conditional. This is where Spanish differs from English (especially British English), because the subjunctive is used to talk about a hypothetical situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si tuviera mi perro en mis brazos, estaría feliz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had my dog in my arms, I would be happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si hubiera tenido mi perro en mis brazos, habría estado feliz.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I had had my dog in my arms, I would have been happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T19:45:24.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28256" CreationDate="2019-01-08T03:23:12.470" Score="1" ViewCount="622" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google Translate tells me the meaning is 'get away with me' and some other dictionaries also give me answers like 'escape me' or 'come away with me' or something like that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Could anybody offer a simple explanation for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20888" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T14:42:25.380" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T15:39:45.283" Title="What does 'escápate conmigo' mean in English?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28255" CreationDate="2019-01-08T03:59:00.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using robots to translate and online dictionaries, try using the DRAE (diccionario de la Real Academia Española).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Conmigo&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;with me&amp;quot;. From the dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ALfVarA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conmigo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;Del lat. cum 'con' y mecum 'conmigo'.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forma amalgamada de la preposición con y el segmento pronominal migo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pron. person. 1.ª pers. m. y f. sing. Con la persona que habla o escribe. Puedes contar conmigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Escápate&amp;quot; is the imperative form for the 2nd person singular form of the verb &amp;quot;escapar]&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=G9wISfX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; (to run away, to escape). Well, the form is actually &amp;quot;escapa&amp;quot;, but in this case, is used as a pronominal verb and needs the &amp;quot;te&amp;quot; pronoun meaning &amp;quot;you&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, it means &amp;quot;escape with me&amp;quot; but depending on the context, could mean something slightly different or with different connotations, like &amp;quot;run away with me&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;let's elope&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;get away with me&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;come away with me&amp;quot;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that it could not mean &amp;quot;escape from me&amp;quot;. In Spanish that would be &amp;quot;escapa &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mí&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;escapa conmigo&amp;quot; (with me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T15:39:45.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28249" CreationDate="2019-01-08T11:18:53.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que en un principio la diferencia era meramente regional. Covarrubias dice en su diccionario (1611) lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dice Antonio Nebrija que son los salvados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que en 1495 ya eran voces equivalentes, pero el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1726) nos aclara un poco la cosa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo mismo que Salvado. Es voz antigua, que yá solo tiene uso en los Réinos de Andalucía.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta diferencia regional también aparece en posteriores versiones del diccionario, aunque con el tiempo desapareció.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T13:34:09.730" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T13:34:09.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28258" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-08T14:23:06.653" Score="2" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un libro de gramática española he leído que &quot;en el lenguaje descuidado&quot; el verbo de la oración subordinada después de la conjunción comparativa &lt;em&gt;como si&lt;/em&gt; puede tener la forma indicativa. Me gustaría saber la opinión de los hablantes nativos. ¿De verdad usaríais el modo indicativo en oraciones de &lt;strong&gt;comparación irreal&lt;/strong&gt;? A mí me suena raro: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen como si no &lt;em&gt;se conocen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo diría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hacen como si no &lt;em&gt;se conocieran&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y vosotros, ¿qué diríais?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T14:40:53.407" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T01:02:25.390" Title="¿“Como si” con indicativo?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28258" CreationDate="2019-01-08T15:58:25.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No diría que las formas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hacen como si no se conocen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hacen como que no se conocen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;son manifestaciones de un lenguaje descuidado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, son tan correctas y usadas como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hacen como si no se conocieran.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hacen como que no se conocieran.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todos los casos, las personas se conocen pero fingen que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La única diferencia que podría haber es que (1) y (2) pueden considerarse algo más coloquiales que (3) y (4).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá de mi opinión como hablante nativo, existe bibliografía (ver por ejemplo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.practicaespanol.com/las-expresiones-como-que-y-como-si/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.practicaespanol.com/las-expresiones-como-que-y-como-si/&lt;/a&gt;) de acuerdo con la cual &quot;como que&quot; es coloquial y se utiliza siempre con indicativo, mientras que &quot;como si&quot; es más culto y se utiliza siempre con subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi conclusión es que la coloquialidad del verbo &quot;hacer&quot; hace que el indicativo sea de uso corriente en expresiones como (1), pero no con otros verbos. Así, (5) no me resulta aceptable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;?* Actúan como si no se conocen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe decirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Actúan como si no se conocieran.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T01:02:25.390" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T01:02:25.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28260" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28262" CreationDate="2019-01-08T16:03:45.633" Score="10" ViewCount="5647" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico I often see street addresses in the form &quot;Calle Guadaloupe, 76bis&quot; instead of &quot;Calle Guadaloupe, 76&quot; or something. I think I have also seen this in various other Latin American countries. Another common form I remember is &quot;Calle Insurgentes 43 bis esquina 12c&quot;. I vaguely remember the doors being close to street corners too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've googled and asked people but not managed to get anywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does &quot;bis&quot; mean in this context?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19344" LastActivityDate="2020-05-26T05:19:27.820" Title="What does &quot;bis&quot; mean in an address?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28260" CreationDate="2019-01-08T16:27:17.053" Score="16" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5bI1IRz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;bis&lt;/em&gt; 'dos veces'.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;4. adj. U. pospuesto a un número de una serie para indicar que este sigue inmediatamente a ese mismo número ya empleado. &lt;em&gt;Puerta 5 bis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in this context it means there are two addresses with the same Street/Number, and this is referring to the second one. Similar to how A, B etc are used for apartments at the same address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: this is general Spanish usage, not limited to Latin America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T16:53:21.110" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28260" CreationDate="2019-01-08T16:57:00.020" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where street addresses are concerned there are many different systems even within the same country. In some places houses are numbered consecutively; if some building is then divided into two or more houses (or if different entrances are to have different numbers), one will find that, for example, the house between numbers 5 and 7 receives the number &quot;5 bis&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina and other Latin American countries there is instead a system whereby blocks form a more-or-less regular grid and street numbers are assigned from fixed ranges. For example, in my street, the numbers from one block to the other run from 1500 to 1598 on the northern sidewalk and from 1501 to 1599 in the southern one. In this system, when a house needs a number, you can actually measure the distance from the corner and that, plus the corresponding offset, is its number. In this case you won't ever need something like a &quot;bis&quot;. But sometimes a street is extended beyond its number zero in the &quot;negative&quot; direction. In some cities they just change the name of the street from that point on. In others they number the houses with &quot;bis&quot;, with numbers growing in the opposite direction as the other part of the street (much like negative numbers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T22:34:28.543" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T22:34:28.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26691" CreationDate="2019-01-08T17:44:49.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correcto, &lt;code&gt;Yo estoy pa' lo mío&lt;/code&gt; se puede aceptar como &lt;code&gt;Me concentro en mis asuntos&lt;/code&gt;, aunque generalmente se usa para resaltar que &lt;code&gt;no me interesa otra cosa&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ampliación:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuba y Dominicana son muy cercanos lingüísticamente, en ambos países la frase &lt;code&gt;estoy pa' lo mío/estoy para lo mío&lt;/code&gt; implícitamente expresa que una la persona no pierde el enfoque de sus asuntos personales por otras cosas a las que da menos o ninguna importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El antónimo de frase sería el &quot;cubanismo&quot; &lt;code&gt;ponte pa' lo tuyo/ponte para lo tuyo&lt;/code&gt;, que se interpreta como &lt;code&gt;ocúpate de tus asuntos&lt;/code&gt;, y que implícitamente expresa &lt;code&gt;no te metas en los asuntos de otros&lt;/code&gt; es también muy común y se puede encontrar en algunas letras de canciones de la región así como en el argot popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20893" LastEditorUserId="20893" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T21:51:04.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T21:51:04.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1793" CreationDate="2019-01-08T18:14:31.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is (I believe) the best answer (don't complicate it further): &#xA;From   &lt;a href=&quot;http://gotspanish.com/grammar/verbs/simple-present-tense/irregular-verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gotspanish.com&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between llevar and traer is this: Traer is used when you or someone else is bringing something or someone to wherever you are at the time you’re speaking. Llevar is used when you or someone else is taking something or someone to a place other than where you currently are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following examples are from &lt;a href=&quot;http://worldspanishteacher.com/spanish-lessons/llevar-vs-traer.htm#.XDThb1xKi00&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this site: worldspanishteacher.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I can say, “Voy a llevar unos platos a la fiesta.” – I’m going to take some plates to the party. I cannot say it the way we say it in English a lot of the time – “Voy a traer unos platos a la fiesta” – That’s wrong. It has to be, “Voy a llevar unos platos a la fiesta” because you’re taking about taking something to another location that’s not where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I can say, “Voy a la tienda a traer comida” – I’m gonna go to the store to bring back some food – because I’m talking about bringing something back to my location, where I’m at now.&#xA;I can call my friend on the phone and say, “Trae unos platos cuando vengas” – Bring some plates when you come – because I’m talking about him coming to my location, the speaker’s location. My friend on the phone &lt;em&gt;is not&lt;/em&gt; going to respond and say, “Ok I’ll bring some plates.” &lt;em&gt;He’s going to say&lt;/em&gt;, “Ok I’ll take some plates” – because he’s taking the plates to another location that’s not where he is. So he would say, “Está bien, voy a llevar unos platos”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it’s the same if I call my friend and ask him if he’s going to bring some plates to the party. I’m not talking about my house. I’m talking about a third location. Not my house, not his house, another place. So I can say, “Vas a llevar unos platos a la fiesta” – because he’s taking the plates to another location that’s not where he is and that’s not where I’m at; so he’s going to take them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20896" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-08T18:55:44.950" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T18:55:44.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26691" CreationDate="2019-01-08T20:19:51.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es algo egocentrista creo la frase pero aún así estas en lo correcto, da a entender que se preocupa solo o más por si mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20894" LastActivityDate="2019-01-08T20:19:51.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28258" CreationDate="2019-01-09T00:31:25.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como comparación irreal no, pero sí para indiferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por mí, como si se marcha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la comparación irreal con indicativo no me convence, porque si es irreal, debería utilizar el subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T00:31:25.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22047" CreationDate="2019-01-09T04:30:25.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Que tal la palabra &lt;em&gt;congruente/incongruente&lt;/em&gt;? Su origen es matemático, pero puede aplicarse al concepto deseado, se dice que una figura es congruente cuando tiene la misma forma y se encuentra en otra ubicación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20903" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T07:09:40.317" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T07:09:40.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28271" CreationDate="2019-01-09T09:48:30.917" Score="6" ViewCount="919" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Charlie en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/48409983#48409983&quot;&gt;chat&lt;/a&gt; nos ha revelado que &quot;guisa&quot; tiene el mismo origen que &lt;em&gt;wise&lt;/em&gt; en inglés, eso me ha hecho pensar en el verbo guisar y efectivamente viene de guisa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrqC4Gt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guisar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;De guisa&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. Preparar los alimentos sometiéndolos a la acción del fuego.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. Preparar los alimentos haciéndolos cocer en una salsa, después de rehogados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. Ordenar, componer algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. desus. Cuidar, disponer, preparar. Era u. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5.&lt;/strong&gt; tr. desus. Adobar, escabechar o preparar las carnes o pescados para su conservación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces me pregunto cómo ha llegado &lt;em&gt;guisar&lt;/em&gt; a su significado actual de cocinar alimentos partiendo de &lt;em&gt;guisa&lt;/em&gt; cuyo significado es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JrgO7v6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guisa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del germ. *wîsa; cf. ingl. wise, al. Weise.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Modo, manera o semejanza de algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; f. desus. Voluntad, gusto, antojo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; f. desus. Clase o calidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez venga de preparar los alimentos de una manera (guisa) concreta pero tampoco lo veo muy claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T06:44:19.793" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T06:44:19.793" Title="¿Cómo llegó &quot;guisar&quot; a su significado actual partiendo de &quot;guisa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28269" CreationDate="2019-01-09T13:55:17.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El diccionario etimológico abreviado de Corominas nos dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GUISA&lt;/strong&gt;, h. 1140, 'modo, manera'. Del germánico WÏSA íd.; probablemente heredado por todas las lenguas romances del latín vulgar, que lo tomaría del germánico occidental (comp. el alem. &lt;em&gt;weise&lt;/em&gt;, ingl. &lt;em&gt;wise&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  DERIV. &lt;em&gt;Guisar&lt;/em&gt; 'preparar, disponer', h. 1140; 'aderezar la comida', 1490; &lt;em&gt;guisado&lt;/em&gt; 'justo, apropiado', med. S. XIII; 'manjar aderezado', S. XVI; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que en el siglo XII teníamos &lt;em&gt;guisar&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;preparar, disponer&quot;, es decir, &quot;poner una cosa a su modo o manera&quot;. Entiendo que de aquí se derivó hacia el siglo XV la acepción de &quot;preparar la comida&quot;. En el diccionario de Nebrija de 1495 ya se puede leer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guisar manjares. condio.is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Condio&lt;/em&gt; en latín &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/condio#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significa&lt;/a&gt; &quot;sazonar&quot;, así que queda claro que el verbo se usaba por entonces para &quot;cocinar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos pues al CORDE a ver qué nos dicen los textos de la época. En textos de los siglos XIII y XIV parece que se usa exclusivamente en el sentido de &quot;preparar, disponer&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;E pues que uio el Emperador aquel fecho mando guisar su flota &amp;amp; espidiosse de los que fincauan.&lt;/em&gt; (1293)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Et desque esto fue fecho, mandó guisar sus bodas para un día señalado.&lt;/em&gt; (1330)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igualmente se usa &lt;em&gt;guisado&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;aquello que &quot;aquello que está en razón y en su punto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ca no es guisado que en un monasterio sean omnes de dos abitos; ni de dos professiones.&lt;/em&gt; (1260)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero hacia el siglo XV se empiezan a ver textos en los que &lt;em&gt;guisar&lt;/em&gt; se sigue usando como preparar, disponer... la comida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ansi maldixo la dueña a lançarote E ansi fizo su duelo E quia les mando guisar muj bien de comer ca los queria reçibir a muj gran honrra.&lt;/em&gt; (1414)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] porque quando los cavalleros y gente d'armas ponen gran diligencia en buscar y guisar manjares especiales y viandas esquisitas en tiempo de guerra, no pueden assí entender en los actos de fortaleça [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1455)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] e después una muy grand baxilla de plata labrada de platos y escudillas y bacines y ollas para guisar de comer, que pesava todo diez mil marcos [...].&lt;/em&gt; (1498)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;em&gt;guisar&lt;/em&gt; pasó de su sentido como &quot;preparar&quot; (la flota, los navíos, las bodas, etc.) a &quot;preparar la comida&quot; (&quot;guisar de comer&quot;), de ahí ya a &quot;cocinar&quot; y más concretamente a las acepciones actuales de &quot;cocinar al fuego&quot; o &quot;cociendo los alimentos en una salsa&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un caballero dio a un criado suyo, vizcaíno, unas turmas de carnero, para que se las guisase; y, a causa de ser muy ignorante diole en un papel por escrito cómo las había de guisar.&lt;/em&gt; (1565)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dejemos la fruta y comamos sendos pares de huevos, que son frescos, y por no los guisar con aceite, que dicen que es manjar del diablo, los he hecho cocer.&lt;/em&gt; (1550)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T09:24:59.210" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T09:24:59.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28273" CreationDate="2019-01-09T14:27:05.487" Score="4" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una pregunta reciente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28191/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cuándo y cómo pasó “guiri” a designar a un turista extranjero?&lt;/a&gt; aprendimos que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;guiri viene del vasco &lt;em&gt;guiristino&lt;/em&gt; 'cristino', término que según el DLE fue acuñado en las guerras civiles del siglo XIX, referido a los partidarios de la reina Cristina. Era usado también para designar a los liberales, y en especial a los soldados del Gobierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cosa curiosa, esta pregunta, que estaba en mi lista de cosas para preguntar el el &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt;, me recordó a otra similar que tengo pendiente acerca de una de las acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TVA82VC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;polaco&lt;/a&gt; en el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un partido político: Que gobernó en España desde 1850 a 1854. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En su momento recuerdo haber investigado esta pregunta, sin encontrar nada satisfactorio. Fue hace bastante tiempo, así que no recuerdo con seguridad por dónde busqué. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente alguien con mejores conocimientos que los míos sobre la historia de España, sepa mejor dónde buscar para encontrar un buena explicación sobre la etimología de esta acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-09T14:41:11.223" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:41:11.223" Title="¿Cómo adquirió &quot;polaco&quot; su acepción como calificativo para un partido político?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28272" CreationDate="2019-01-09T14:38:53.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... the term &quot;polacos&quot; emerged against an entirely different background in the mid-1850s; the name was applied to a faction of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderate_Party_(Spain)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Partido Moderado&lt;/a&gt;. The grouping was led by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Jos%C3%A9_Sartorius,_1st_Count_of_San_Luis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Luis José Sartorius&lt;/a&gt;, a politician erroneously supposed to be of Polish origin.&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4. Barbara Obtułowicz, &lt;em&gt;Luis Jose Sartotius, hrabia de San Luip. Polak, który nie był Polakiem&lt;/em&gt;, Kraków 2012&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (&quot;Luís José Sartorius, conde de San Luís: leyenda y realidad&quot;), [in:] &lt;em&gt;Intinerarios&lt;/em&gt; 15 (2012), pp. 279-303&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaco_(slur)#Antecedents&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaco_(slur)#Antecedents&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T14:38:53.723" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-09T15:44:07.297" Score="4" ViewCount="2090" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las voces &lt;em&gt;viejoven&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;joviejo&lt;/em&gt; se usan, al menos en España, para designar a los viejos con alma de joven, y a los jóvenes con alma de viejo... o eso creía yo (y la gente de mi trabajo, que opina como yo). Acabo de leer un artículo en el que me da la sensación de que los términos se usan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bfacemag.es/lifestyle/viejoven/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;al revés&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Sobre &quot;viejoven&quot;:] Tienes menos de 30 años, sí, pero el poleo menta entra mejor que una cerveza y a ti el thai que habéis comido no te ha dejado muy fino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Sobre &quot;joviejo&quot;:] Intenta tener por lo menos 40 durante unas horas al día. Porque después, puede que quieras tener 20. Y será demasiado tarde. Serás un joviejo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si estos neologismos se usan también en Hispanoamérica, así que centro la pregunta en España. ¿Qué se entiende pues generalmente cuando se usan las voces &lt;em&gt;viejoven&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;joviejo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T08:51:22.157" Title="¿Qué se entiende por &quot;viejoven&quot; y &quot;joviejo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28274" CreationDate="2019-01-09T16:39:05.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resumen: el significado original era &quot;viejo con aires de joven&quot; y ese parece su uso mayoritario en Sudamérica. En España los usos están más mezclados, habiendo tanto en un sentido como en el contrario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.trambolico.com/viejoven.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Esta página&lt;/a&gt; atribuye la creación del término a los cómicos de La Hora Chanante en 2014.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, una búsqueda del término en Google en páginas anteriores a 2014 arroja bastantes resultados... De los más antiguos que veo inicialmente, uno sería el blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://mundoviejoven.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mundo Viejoven&lt;/a&gt;, de 2009. Pero es que si restringimos a anteriores a 2009 nos encontramos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BzRAU-Ovfg&amp;amp;t=50&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este vídeo&lt;/a&gt; de 2008 de... Muchachada Nui, es decir, de los cómicos de La Hora Chanante :D en donde ya medio se define el término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Eres joven o vieja? [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Joven... Soy joven; pero vieja a la vez. Soy viejoven.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Viejoven...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Claro, como el cantante de La Unión.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Hombre, el cantante de La Unión es viejo sin más...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo interpreto como &quot;viejo con aires de joven&quot; por el símil con el cantante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero podemos seguir tirando del hilo y encontrarnos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.juankiblog.com/2006/11/sobre-mi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este blog de 2006&lt;/a&gt; donde alguien se define a sí mismo como &lt;em&gt;viejoven&lt;/em&gt; con 24 años:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tengo 24 años y soy un &lt;em&gt;viejoven&lt;/em&gt; con un insano exceso de tiempo libre entre mis manos. [...] No me gusta el fútbol, no disfruto al salir de fiesta y prefiero quedarme en casa [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sería &quot;joven con aires de viejo&quot;. De momento vamos 1-1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguimos remontándonos en el tiempo y vemos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.letras.mysite.com/rojas251203.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este artículo de 2003&lt;/a&gt; de un portal chileno donde se describe al poeta Gonzalo Rojas como &lt;em&gt;viejoven&lt;/em&gt; de 80 años:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un poeta que traspasados los ochenta es un &quot;viejoven&quot; que escribe cada día al amanecer cuando el duchazo frío le enciende las arteriolas del seso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente el mismo término que se usa en &lt;a href=&quot;http://sobrelibros.cl/al-silencio-de-gonzalo-rojas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra entrada del 2002&lt;/a&gt;, chilena también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Al fin y al cabo sentía la necesidad de aproximarme a una crítica literaria de Rojas, entre tanta alabanza a la exquisita &lt;em&gt;ars amandi&lt;/em&gt; del Viejoven están sus poemas, los que debían suspender mi incredulidad ante homenajes prepóstumos y ediciones definitivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambas se usa con el sentido de &quot;viejo con espíritu joven&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta llegar a lo que parece la coincidencia más antigua, en este &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.revistadelauniversidad.unam.mx/historico/10653.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relato inserto en una revisa mexicana de octubre de 2002&lt;/a&gt; [PDF], que además es de las pocas ocasiones en que casi define el término:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apunto de empezar el segundo Tic-Tac se acerca &lt;strong&gt;un joven avejentado y chaparrón&lt;/strong&gt;. Sin protocolo ni miramientos se sienta en el banco que está libre y empieza a hablar casi sin mirarnos. [...] Mientras el &lt;strong&gt;viejoven&lt;/strong&gt; chaparrón se aleja nuevamente sin mirarnos, Albarrán baja la voz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y de nuevo cambiamos el sentido, &quot;joven avejentado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos entonces que, según dónde mires, encontrarás un significado u otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para los de Muchachada Nui y los blogs chilenos, parece que sería &quot;viejo con aires de joven&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Para el del blog de 2006 y el del relato mexicano, sería &quot;joven con aires de viejo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero esto es solo mirando resultados web. ¿Y si miramos libros físicos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lamentablemente, no aparecen resultados en CORDE, CREA ni CORPES XXI (que yo haya visto)... pero por suerte, podemos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=viejoven&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;tbs=cdr:1,cd_min:1900,cd_max:1999&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscar en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tenemos [Nicanor] Parra para rato si ponemos atención a la vitalidad de este &quot;viejoven&quot; a quien el Nobel no lo deshonraría...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Faride Zerán, &lt;em&gt;Al pie de la letra&lt;/em&gt;, 1995.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Claro, con tantos años como ya tenemos nosotros cuatro, algo has envejecido, aunque no tanto: eres una persona viejoven, bastante viejoven...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;M. Lerner, &lt;em&gt;Mundi&lt;/em&gt;, 1986.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En ambos casos se interpreta como &quot;viejo con aires de joven&quot;, deshaciendo el cuasi-empate que teníamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece claro entonces que &lt;strong&gt;el significado original era el de &quot;viejo con aires de joven&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, o al menos es el más habitual en los textos encontrados.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Otra cosa es que al extenderse su uso, especialmente a España, haya podido tomar la interpretación opuesta, que al final se dará por igualmente válida lo queramos o no. No sería el primer caso de una palabra que quiere decir al mismo tiempo una cosa y su contraria ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que sí que está claro es que la palabra es de origen sudamericano (los resultados más antiguos son de autores chilenos, argentinos y mexicanos) y sorprende su &quot;edad&quot;: ¡casi 40 años!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Viendo cómo la tratamos de novedosa, diríase que la palabra en sí también es viejoven, a su manera :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: el escaso número de usos que aparecen para España anteriores al vídeo de Muchachada Nui, me hace preguntarme si Joaquín Reyes será aficionado a la literatura chilena...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T08:51:22.157" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T08:51:22.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-09T23:10:01.203" Score="5" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to understand if the infinitive of a verb can always function as a noun. For example, take the verb &lt;em&gt;cancelar&lt;/em&gt; (to cancel), the noun is &lt;em&gt;cancela&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The infinitive &lt;em&gt;cancelar&lt;/em&gt; acts as a noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me gusta cancelar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I do not like canceling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However a sentence like below appears to use the noun form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si el evento programado para esta noche se cancela, sería un chasco.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  If the event scheduled for tonight is canceled, it would be a disappointment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are times when I am speaking Spanish and am unable to remember the noun, but I remember the infinitive form of the verb the noun is derived from.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When is it safe to use the infinitive form of the verb as a noun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T08:57:47.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T04:21:00.080" Title="¿Los infinitivos son sustantivos?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;infinitivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28277" CreationDate="2019-01-09T23:48:03.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The infinitive is the nominal form of the verb and can always work as a noun instead of the noun proper or whenever there is no noun available. The noun in the singular sometimes sounds like a specific ocurrence, while the infinitive sometimes refers to a general occurrence, in which case it may be equivalent to the noun in the plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No me gusta &lt;strong&gt;cancelar&lt;/strong&gt; (I do not like canceling) = No me gustan &lt;strong&gt;las cancelaciones&lt;/strong&gt; (general statement)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cancelar&lt;/strong&gt; la reunión fue un error (Canceling the meeting was a mistake) = &lt;strong&gt;La cancelación&lt;/strong&gt; de la reunión fue un error (specific statement)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &quot;cancela&quot; is the third person singular, present indicative form of the verb &quot;cancelar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here follows an example in which there is no noun available and the infinitive is required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me gusta &lt;strong&gt;tomar sol&lt;/strong&gt;. (I don't like sunbathing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T12:22:34.443" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T12:22:34.443" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28279" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-10T00:31:27.807" Score="3" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading a Spanish book. On one page it is written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;le preguntó Anita.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further on it is written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;preguntó Carmen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought 'preguntar' needed a pronoun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain why there is a difference? Or is it just a misprint?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20908" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T02:01:11.220" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T21:28:22.937" Title="Does 'preguntar' need a pronoun in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-10T00:33:01.160" Score="5" ViewCount="902" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para responder &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28277/los-infinitivos-son-sustantivos/28278#28278&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt; me costó bastante trabajo encontrar un verbo para el cual el sustantivo no indique normalmente la acción correspondiente. Si bien &quot;madrugada&quot; puede significar la acción de madrugar, normalmente usamos esa palabra para referirnos a las horas antes del amanecer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo dos preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen verbos que directamente no tengan sustantivos relacionados para hacer referencia a las acciones correspondientes?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Existen verbos para los cuales existan sustantivos de otra raíz (o que sean al menos muy diferentes del verbo) que denoten las acciones correspondientes?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T12:23:33.333" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T22:28:51.200" Title="¿Existen verbos para los cuales no existan sustantivos abstractos relacionados?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28279" CreationDate="2019-01-10T01:43:30.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Le preguntó Anita&quot; means &quot;Anita asked him/her.&quot;&#xA;&quot;Preguntó Carmen&quot; means &quot;Carmen asked.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pronoun simply specifies to whom the question is asked, but it's not mandatory to include it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19016" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T01:43:30.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28390" CreationDate="2019-01-10T09:14:40.667" Score="5" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, por &quot;braga&quot; se pueden entender principalmente dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Braga&quot; (normalmente &quot;bragas&quot;, en plural) como ropa interior femenina:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;[imagen oculta, pasa el cursor por encima si necesitas una imagen para saber de qué prenda hablo - &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSFW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NSFW&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m3UOI.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m3UOI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Braga&quot; como prenda de abrigo para el cuello:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ywhmd.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ywhmd.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me llama la atención que, según el DLE, ambas acepciones tengan el mismo origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=61xXPis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;braga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;braca&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;bracae&lt;/em&gt; 'calzones', voz de or. galo, y este quizá de or. germ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Prenda interior femenina e infantil, que cubre desde la parte inferior del tronco y tiene dos aberturas en las piernas. &lt;em&gt;U. m. en pl. con el mismo significado que en sing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Prenda de abrigo similar a una bufanda cerrada, pero de tejido más fino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué momento y por qué pasó esta palabra de significar &quot;calzón&quot; a significar &quot;bufanda&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T09:56:17.323" Title="Origen de &quot;braga&quot; como prenda para el cuello [NSFW]" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;&lt;polisemia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28280" CreationDate="2019-01-10T14:01:23.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como verbos que no tengan sustantivos relacionados para expresar su acción, tenemos que irnos a lo más básico: el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5Brrm%7CXe5NPsQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Se podría argumentar que la propia palabra &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; como sustantivo es su propia acción, pero yo personalmente no lo tengo claro. Una de las acepciones de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;existir&quot;, sí podría tener un sustantivo de acción: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HFqUbfY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;existencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que es el acto de existir, aunque esto no cubre todas las demás acepciones de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt;. Argumentan por &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/48441213#48441213&quot;&gt;La Tertulia&lt;/a&gt; que su sustantivo podría ser &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=GOfryI4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero no aparece en el DLE con el significado de &quot;acto de ser&quot; o similar. ¿Tal vez en latín sí tenía ese significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco tengo claro que el verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; tenga su acción correspondiente, claro que por sí solo como verbo auxiliar no tiene mucho sentido, y con otros significados tenemos &lt;em&gt;tenencia&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;posesión&lt;/em&gt; en su acepción de &quot;poseer&quot;, &lt;em&gt;acontecimiento&lt;/em&gt; en su acepción de &quot;ocurrir&quot; o &quot;acontencer&quot;, etc. Similar al caso de &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; es el de &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt;, existe el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;poder&lt;/em&gt; pero no tengo claro que indique el acto de poder. ¿Tal ver &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Trbc5zu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;potencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; sería su sustantivo de acción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego como sustantivo con una raíz diferente del verbo tenemos &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;, que tiene un sustantivo en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0cnCBhK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=0KZwLbE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que es el &quot;ejercicio de la posibilidad de hacer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-10T15:31:38.203" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T15:31:38.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28285" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28286" CreationDate="2019-01-10T14:17:53.520" Score="2" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;In standard Spanish, the indicative present and preterite are conjugated identically for &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; (and -ir) verbs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hablamos&lt;/em&gt; - We speak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hablamos&lt;/em&gt; - We spoke&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in many closely related languages &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28224/18348&quot;&gt;there is a distinction&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amamos (present) / amámos (preterite) &lt;code&gt;Portuguese (Eur)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amamos (present) / amemos (preterite) &lt;code&gt;Asturian/Mirandese&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amamos (present) / amimos (preterite) &lt;code&gt;Ladino&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And apparently a similar distinction is made in some Spanish dialects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some features exhibited in the women's prayer book are purely morphological, such as the use of the variant &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; (...), corresponding to Standard Castillian &lt;em&gt;-amos&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;(although &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; is known in popular and regional Spanish) as the first person plural preterite marker of &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; conjugation verbs.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academia.edu/1140051/Distinctive_Characteristics_of_Jewish_Ibero-Romance_circa_1492&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Distinctive Characteristics of Jewish Ibero-Romance, circa 1492&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, (p.109-110)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which dialects are these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T12:32:21.573" Title="Which dialects conjugate &quot;nosotros&quot; differently in the indicative present and preterite (-ar verbs)?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28285" CreationDate="2019-01-10T14:17:53.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This appears to have been a general phenomenon in Old Spanish, but is now limited to disparate dialects across Spain (mostly coinciding with regional languages which have this distinction). The paper quoted lists further resources in a footnote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;18.&lt;/strong&gt; On &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-stes&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish, see:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • Zamora Vicente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=7tCwAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=emos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dialectología Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, p.184;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • García de Diego, &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/elementosdegram00garcuoft/page/142&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática histórica española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, p.229;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • Lapresa, &lt;em&gt;Historia&lt;/em&gt;, pp. 302-303;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • M. Alvar and B. Pottier, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=SGAkAAAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Morfología histórica del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, p.273;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;  • Penny, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of the Spanish Language&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, pp. 179-189&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A number of these make note that these developments emerged Old Spanish, and were used frequently in Medieval literature, but since have been restricted to 'rural' varieties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The medieval forms &lt;em&gt;cantest(e), cantemos, cantestes&lt;/em&gt; borrowed their tonic vowel from first-person-singular &lt;em&gt;canté&lt;/em&gt; as a result of an analogical imitation of the &lt;em&gt;-ir&lt;/em&gt; preterite, where the same tonic vowel occurred in all the corresponding forms. Thus, &lt;em&gt;oí : oíste :: canté : x&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;x = canteste&lt;/em&gt;), etc.&#xA;These forms with /é/, although frequent in Old Spanish, were later restricted to&#xA;rural varieties of the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&amp;amp;q=179&amp;amp;q=cantemos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of the Spanish Language&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (3.7.8.6.1.1, p.218)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;... en el siglo XIII la forma común de la segunda persona era en &lt;em&gt;-este&lt;/em&gt;... con &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; analógica de la primera persona, y acaso de la segunda de plural de las otras conjucaciones, &lt;em&gt;valiestes, saliestes&lt;/em&gt;; pero &lt;em&gt;-aste&lt;/em&gt;, sea que se hubiese conservado oscurecida, sea un innovación según &lt;em&gt;amamos, amastes, amaron&lt;/em&gt;, con fortuita coincidencia con su etimología, es lo cierto que prevaleció pronto y acabó por anular a &lt;em&gt;-este:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;la primera persona de plural es &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; entre el vulgo, &lt;em&gt;amemos, llevemos,&lt;/em&gt; con &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; analógica de &lt;em&gt;amé&lt;/em&gt;, influyendo acaso en esta innovación la tendencia a deferenciarle del presente.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/elementosdegram00garcuoft/page/142&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gramática histórica española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.143)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las medievales &lt;em&gt;cantest(e), cantemos, cantestes&lt;/em&gt;, toman la vocal tónica por analogía con la 1ª sing. &lt;em&gt;canté&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=SGAkAAAAMAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Morfología histórica del español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following note specific areas where said conjugations still exist dialectally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En las hablas aragonesas, &lt;em&gt;trajes&lt;/em&gt; (cheso) es analógica de Yo &lt;em&gt;traje&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;trajemos&lt;/em&gt; de los verbos en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;cantemos&lt;/em&gt; etc.);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ibid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy, la forma &lt;em&gt;-emos&lt;/em&gt; se usa en tierra leonesa y estremeña (y en Castilla como vulgarismo) y ambas personas (&lt;em&gt;cantemos, cantesteis&lt;/em&gt;) se usan algo en Asturias y en Miranda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&amp;amp;id=7tCwAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;amp;q=emos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dialectología Española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, p.184&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-14T12:32:21.573" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T12:32:21.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:16:29.150" Score="9" ViewCount="960" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer viendo &lt;em&gt;Cómo entrenar a tu dragón 2&lt;/em&gt; el prota, al principio de la peli, pregunta a su dragón como llamar a una nueva tierra que han encontrado. El dragón está frotándose bajo el ala con el morro y el prota dice algo así como &quot;vale, 'sobaco picajoso'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la versión original dicen &quot;itchy armpit&quot;, así que entiendo que usan &lt;em&gt;picajoso&lt;/em&gt; como adjetivo para decir &quot;que pica&quot; (en el sentido de querer rascarte). Me pareció genial... hasta que vi la definición en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsUEtgu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picajoso, sa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que fácilmente se pica o da por ofendido. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Horror, según el DLE &lt;em&gt;picajoso&lt;/em&gt; hace referencia a &lt;em&gt;picarse&lt;/em&gt; pero no a &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt;. Con lo que me había gustado la palabra... Pues nada, pregunto: ¿hay algún otro adjetivo que se pueda usar con el mismo significado? ¿O tal vez ha tenido &lt;em&gt;picajoso&lt;/em&gt; en el pasado la acepción que yo esperaba? ¿O sí que se usa con esa acepción de &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; solo que el DLE no la recoge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T10:18:06.397" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T10:18:06.397" Title="Se solicita adjetivo para decir &quot;que pica&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:30:26.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=picante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;De &lt;em&gt;picar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;-nte.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. adj. Que pica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para el otro sentido (de picar&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt;) ademas de picajoso hay &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=picaj%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picajón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T20:30:26.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:38:35.703" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qué tal &amp;quot;cáustico&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=80dUZXa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cáustico, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una cosa: Que quema y destruye los tejidos animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Mordaz o agresivo en lo que dice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes tener el sentido de que &amp;quot;pica&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;irrita&amp;quot; a nivel físico o figurado (Mordaz, incisivo, hiriente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T20:39:29.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:39:19.033" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;De primeras se me ha ocurrido &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=M9ocUH9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;irritante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;irritante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que irrita.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no es muy habitual identificar la sensación de irritación con la de picor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, tirando un poco de DIRAE, me he ido a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=bAdFbsF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;urticante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (que en realidad era la primera palabra que estaba buscando pero no me salía):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;urticante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. mediev. &lt;em&gt;urticans&lt;/em&gt;, -&lt;em&gt;antis&lt;/em&gt;, part. pres. act. de &lt;em&gt;urticare&lt;/em&gt; 'producir un picor intenso', y este der. del lat. &lt;em&gt;urtīca&lt;/em&gt; 'ortiga'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que produce comezón (|| picazón) semejante a las picaduras de ortiga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, la puntilla de &quot;semejante a las picaduras de ortiga&quot; fastidia un poco el plan...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá para el uso que quieres darle quedaría mejor &quot;sobaco &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XJqkWlI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sarnoso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, por aquello de que la sarna produce picor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sarnoso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Que tiene &lt;strong&gt;sarna&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. s.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sarna&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    1. f. Afección cutánea contagiosa provocada por un ácaro o arador, que excava túneles bajo la piel, produciendo enrojecimiento, tumefacción y un intenso &lt;strong&gt;prurito&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prurito&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      2. m. Med. Comezón, picazón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo gramaticalmente lógico sería quizá usar &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SscF91J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;picante&lt;/a&gt;, pero el término está tan asociado a la comida que no tiene sentido ninguno usarlo en este contexto. Además, la acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SsuIXMH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; a la que te refieres es la 29:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;picar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  29. intr. Dicho de una parte del cuerpo de alguien: Hacerle experimentar picor. &lt;em&gt;Me pica la garganta&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta forma es un verbo intransitivo, y dudo mucho que sea la acepción a la que se refiere el DLE cuando define &quot;picante&quot; como algo &quot;que pica&quot; y no como algo &quot;que &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; pica&quot; (por ejemplo).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;De hecho, los diccionarios en línea más conocidos especifican &quot;que pica &lt;em&gt;en el paladar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;: véase &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/definicion/picante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://diccionario.reverso.net/espanol-definiciones/picante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.oxforddictionaries.com/definicion/picante&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt;, o &lt;a href=&quot;http://espasa.planetasaber.com/encyclopedia/default.asp?idreg=108955&amp;amp;ruta=Buscador&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/a&gt; (gracias, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14069/blonfu&quot;&gt;blonfu&lt;/a&gt;, por &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/48452155#48452155&quot;&gt;indicármelo&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T13:54:13.017" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T13:54:13.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:39:56.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qué tal &amp;quot;urticante&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bAdFbsF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;urticante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Que produce comezón semejante a las picaduras de ortiga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9vmTdzJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comezón&lt;/a&gt; es a su vez&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Picazón&lt;/strong&gt; que se padece en alguna parte del cuerpo o en todo él.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y recordar que &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bAfzEVl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;urticaria&lt;/a&gt; es una&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enfermedad eruptiva de la piel, cuyo síntoma más notable es una comezón parecida a la que producen las picaduras de la ortiga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T20:39:56.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-10T20:59:28.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;O &lt;strong&gt;pruriginoso&lt;/strong&gt;, que habitualmente se utiliza para indicar &lt;strong&gt;que escuece o que causa picor&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/pruriginoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;ejemplo&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;, aunque estríctamente el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UVep9U3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; lo define  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;pruriginōsus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. adj. Med. De la naturaleza del prurigo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. adj. Med. Que produce prurigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y siendo &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UVjPtJL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prurigo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;prurīgo&lt;/em&gt; 'picor, comezón'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Med. Afección cutánea, caracterizada por pápulas cubiertas frecuentemente de costras negruzcas debidas a excoriaciones producidas por rascarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20002" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T20:59:28.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28295" CreationDate="2019-01-11T08:26:08.380" Score="4" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following is a passage from Augusto Monterroso's &lt;em&gt;Movimiento perpétuo&lt;/em&gt; about the first contact between Juan and Julia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[…] Y en cuanto pudo lo besó y lo cercó y lo llevó a donde quiso y le presentó a sus amigos y lo emborrachó y esa misma noche, cuando aún no sabían ni sus apellidos y cuando como a las tres y media de la mañana &lt;strong&gt;ni siquiera podía decirse que hubieran acabado de entrar en su departamento&lt;/strong&gt; —el de ella—, sin darle tiempo a defenderse aunque fuera para despistar, lo arrastró hasta su cama y lo poseyó en tal forma que cuando él se dio cuenta de que ella era virgen apenas se extrañó, no obstante que ella lo dirigió todo, como ese y el segundo, el tercero y el cuarto año de casados, sin que por otra parte pudiera afirmarse que ella tuviera nada, ni belleza, ni talento, ni dinero; nada, únicamente aquello.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the English and French translations discarded the part in bold completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though at first sight it looks like a regular &lt;em&gt;se impersonal&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;when [...] one couldn't even tell they had just entered her flat&quot;), I interpret &quot;decirse&quot; as refering to Juan and not talking in general (because the first one doesn't make sense to me in this context): &quot;when around three thirty in the morning he couldn't even tell [for he was drunk] that they had just entered her flat&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you see this interpretation plausible, grammar and contextwise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20921" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T03:07:10.427" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T03:15:33.470" Title="¿Se pronominal o se impersonal? &quot;ni siquiera podía decirse que hubieran [...]&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28293" CreationDate="2019-01-11T10:27:57.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Grammatically, no. It's an interesting inference from an artistic standpoint, but the construction does not refer to him at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T10:27:57.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28293" CreationDate="2019-01-11T10:33:51.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, Juan was not trying to decide if he was or not inside the flat. The phrase is related to the next one. It's not about the degree of drunkenness, it's about speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ni siquiera podía decirse que hubieran acabado de entrar en su&#xA;  departamento —el de ella—, sin darle tiempo a defenderse aunque fuera&#xA;  para despistar, lo arrastró hasta su cama&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scene described by the author implies that Julia &quot;attacked&quot; him just when they &lt;strong&gt;were entering&lt;/strong&gt;. They &lt;strong&gt;were not outside neither fully inside&lt;/strong&gt; yet. &lt;strong&gt;If there were someone observing the scene, that someone couldn't decide if they were already completely inside the apartment or not&lt;/strong&gt; because the &quot;attack&quot; were so fast, they could be at the middle of the doorway when it begun, she didn't wait for the door to close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first interpretation was right: se impersonal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;none could tell if they were already inside&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;you couldn't tell if they have already walked through the doorway&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something like that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T03:07:32.720" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T03:07:32.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28298" CreationDate="2019-01-11T13:21:43.233" Score="5" ViewCount="1261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esto es lo típico que ves todos los días pero nunca te planteas: hoy, al llegar al bar donde suelo almorzar los viernes, me he quedado parado en la puerta leyendo el cartelito de la entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CAFÉ BAR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece como si &quot;café&quot; fuese un adjetivo de &quot;bar&quot; pero, hasta donde yo sé, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6bQcjCM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;café&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es un sustantivo (y no, el bar no era marrón).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué función cumple &quot;café&quot; aquí: modifica a &quot;bar&quot; como si fuera un adjetivo, o es solo una yuxtaposición de dos sustantivos y somos nosotros los que le damos el sentido de adjetivo? ¿Tiene nombre esta construcción gramatical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T11:54:01.863" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T05:30:33.290" Title="¿Qué función cumple la palabra &quot;café&quot; en «Café bar»?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;categorías-gramaticales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28296" CreationDate="2019-01-11T14:05:46.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que en &quot;café bar&quot; nos encontramos ante una &lt;strong&gt;aposición&lt;/strong&gt; de un tipo bastante particular (dos sustantivos unidos). Después de hojear bastante la NGLE no encuentro definido este tipo en particular, pero se me hace similar, funcionalmente, a la combinación &lt;em&gt;sustantivo + color&lt;/em&gt; cuando el adjetivo que designa al color se trata en cambio como un sustantivo no contable (&quot;vestidos azul claro&quot;, &quot;tonos mostaza&quot;) [cf NGLE 13.7k].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si aceptamos lo anterior, en &quot;café bar&quot; el &quot;bar&quot; actúa como un calificativo, casi como un adjetivo, pero es claramente invariable: el plural de &quot;café bar&quot;, por lo menos para mí según mi instinto de hablante nativo, es &quot;cafés bar&quot;. Sin embargo hay otras dos posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por influencia del orden sintáctico del inglés yo me podría sentir tentado a interpretar &quot;café bar&quot; como traducción o calco de &lt;em&gt;coffee bar&lt;/em&gt; (es decir, un bar de café, o sea una clase de bar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;También podría pensarlo como un simple compuesto: &quot;café-bar&quot;, en cuyo caso se trata de una locución formada de una manera poco habitual en castellano, pero aceptable, y su plural podría llegar a ser &quot;café-bares&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supongo que la segunda de estas posibilidades puede ser la correcta para algunos hablantes. Como dije, es poco habitual formar compuestos así en castellano, de manera que habrá cierta vacilación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina se usa o usaba bastante el compuesto o locución &quot;pollera pantalón&quot; (con o sin guión intermedio); una pollera es una falda de mujer. En este caso el plural aceptado es &quot;polleras pantalón&quot;. También se dice acá mucho &quot;reloj pulsera&quot; (pl. &quot;relojes pulsera&quot;) sin preposición &quot;de&quot; intermedia; en este caso &quot;pulsera&quot; es claramente un calificativo nominal de &quot;reloj&quot; y entra dentro de las aposiciones mencionadas. Ambas locuciones me parecen sintácticamente equivalentes a &quot;café bar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T14:05:46.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28296" CreationDate="2019-01-11T14:51:20.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece muy buena la respuesta de pablodf76, pero creo que en este caso, más que estar frente a un sustantivo que adjetiva a otro (en &quot;reloj pulsera&quot; &lt;em&gt;pulsera&lt;/em&gt; indica el tipo de reloj, en &quot;pollera pantalón&quot; &lt;em&gt;pantalón&lt;/em&gt; indica el tipo de pollera, con ambas piernas acampanadas como si fuera una pollera: sería inclusive más lógico decir &quot;pantalón pollera&quot;), estamos frente a un sustantivo compuesto que, por su ortografía o acentuación, no ha llegado a consolidarse como una sola palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El de los colores me parece que es un caso aparte: dado que el color tiene un calificativo, no puede adoptar el número del sustantivo y queda en singular. Nótese que decimos &quot;vestidos &lt;strong&gt;azules&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; pero &quot;vestidos &lt;strong&gt;azul claro&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. El caso de &quot;tonos mostaza&quot; parece diferente, como que hay una preposición &quot;de&quot; omitida (&lt;em&gt;tonos &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; mostaza&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &quot;café bar&quot; me parece más asimilable al de &quot;casa quinta&quot; (también &quot;casaquinta&quot;) (ver &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=casaquinta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta referencia&lt;/a&gt;). La propiedad es &lt;strong&gt;las dos cosas a la vez&lt;/strong&gt;: una casa y una quinta, del mismo modo que en &quot;café bar&quot; no me parece que un sustantivo tenga preponderancia sobre el otro, sino que se trata de un establecimiento que conjuga las dos características, la de ser un café y un bar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto al plural, tengo las mismas dudas que Pablo. Me parece muy interesante su referencia al origen de la palabra. En inglés, &lt;em&gt;coffee bar&lt;/em&gt; es, por el orden de las palabras, un bar que además es café, no al revés. La transferencia de esta palabra al castellano en el mismo orden que en inglés hace que parezca lo contrario. Simplemente lo analizaría como un sustantivo compuesto donde, al provenir del inglés, se perdió la relación entre sustantivo núcleo y sustantivo atributivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T16:22:54.677" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T16:22:54.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28302" CreationDate="2019-01-11T14:55:42.587" Score="3" ViewCount="395" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta a una pregunta reciente (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28273/5481&quot;&gt;¿Cómo adquirió “polaco” su acepción como calificativo para un partido político?&lt;/a&gt;) discutíamos en los comentarios la completitud o exactitud de la entrada en el diccionario. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/18348/ukemi&quot;&gt;Ukemi&lt;/a&gt;, que respondió a la pregunta, aclaraba mediante comentario que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en las entradas de las ediciones del DLE hasta 2001, [la definición queda más clara] No sé por qué &lt;em&gt;en la versión en línea se formula menos claramente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y yo respondía preguntando si no deberíamos proponer que se actualizase esa entrada. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/12637/charlie&quot;&gt;Charlie&lt;/a&gt;, quien a veces se tuitea con Pérez-Reverte, me recordaba que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;la RAE nos ha admitido a trámite algunas de nuestras sugerencias, pero creo que a día de hoy ninguna se ha hecho efectiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uno de los casos que yo recuerdo fue &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/24459/5481&quot;&gt;¿Deben las definiciones del DLE ser autosuficientes?&lt;/a&gt;, en la que Charlie, a través de Twitter, contactó a la RAE acerca de la duda expresada en la pregunta de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14069/blonfu&quot;&gt;Blonfu&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que Twitter, donde la RAE tiene presencia y resuelve consultas de distinta índole, es uno de los canales para ponerse en contacto con la RAE. Supongo que es el método lógico para ciertas &quot;peticiones&quot;, como cuando un comentario escala hasta hacer &lt;em&gt;presión social&lt;/em&gt; para exigir el cambio (cosa que vimos tangencialmente en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27454/5481&quot;&gt;¿Alguna vez ha la RAE eliminado/cambiado la definición de una palabra por petición?&lt;/a&gt;), y que puede ser el más cómodo y rápido para el usuario, pero no sé si es el preferido o considerado más correcto y formal por parte de la RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, para que conste en acta (y sea consultable en el stack en el futuro), y sepamos cuál es la forma más correcta y que puede darnos mejores opciones de lograr que nuestra petición sea atendida, ¿Cómo se puede (o debe) hacer formalmente una petición a la RAE para actualizar una entrada del diccionario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-11T18:42:46.920" LastActivityDate="2019-08-11T18:42:46.920" Title="¿Cómo se puede hacer formalmente una petición a la RAE para actualizar una entrada del diccionario?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;rae&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28305" CreationDate="2019-01-11T16:01:36.180" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resultó más lento de lo que &lt;strong&gt;hubiera imaginado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais aclarar una duda por favor? ¿Se puede decir que aquí se trata de la alternancia modo subjuntivo &amp;lt;&gt; condicional (&lt;em&gt;Resultó más lento de lo que habría imaginado&lt;/em&gt;.) o se emplea el subjuntivo pluscuamperfecto simplemente porque se trata de una comparación irreal en el pasado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T19:28:52.507" Title="Subjuntivo en la frase comparativa" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28299" CreationDate="2019-01-11T16:02:33.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El canal oficial para este tipo de peticiones es el siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/formulario/unidrae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formulario de propuestas al DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Descripción que la propia Academia hace de este canal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formulario de propuestas al DLE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Unidad Interactiva del Diccionario (UNIDRAE) se creó en 2011 para recibir las propuestas y sugerencias externas relacionadas con el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las comunicaciones que se remitan a este servicio han de ceñirse exclusivamente a artículos del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En la casilla «Palabra» se debe escribir la voz sobre la que se va a hacer el comentario.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Las propuestas que se refieran a la inclusión en el Diccionario de un nuevo término o expresión han de acompañarse tanto de su significado como de documentación que avale su uso. &lt;strong&gt;El diccionario académico no recoge voces inexistentes&lt;/strong&gt; en la lengua escrita &lt;strong&gt;ni palabras de creación personal esporádica&lt;/strong&gt;. El resto de las propuestas han de estar igualmente argumentadas y justificadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La UNIDRAE responde acusando recibo inmediato de la llegada de la propuesta, que será objeto de un estudio exhaustivo posterior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para poder enviar el formulario es obligatorio proporcionar los siguientes datos personales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nombre y apellidos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correo electrónico&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dirección de contacto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lugar de residencia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;País de origen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además de, por supuesto, la palabra en cuestión y la explicación de la propuesta, bien argumentada.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El formulario permite adjuntar ficheros a la propuesta, con las siguientes restricciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los archivos deben ser menores de 8 MB.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tipos de archivo permitidos: &lt;code&gt;gif jpg png bmp eps tif pict psd txt rtf html odf pdf doc docx ppt pptx xls xlsx xml&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, es necesario aceptar (¡cómo no!) la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/info/aviso-legal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;política de privacidad de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Como experiencia personal, comentar que yo he utilizado el formulario en un par de ocasiones —la última, para pedir la inclusión de &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/23928/13628&quot;&gt;puaj&lt;/a&gt;— y no me consta que en ninguna de ellas la RAE me respondiera&lt;/em&gt; «acusando recibo inmediato de la llegada de la propuesta»&lt;em&gt;; de hecho no me respondieron en absoluto. También &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21035/13628&quot;&gt;seguimos esperando a que nos respondan&lt;/a&gt; a otra consulta hecha por canal oficial, en este caso al Departamento de Publicaciones a través del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/formulario/contacto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formulario de contacto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T10:53:15.153" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T10:53:15.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28301" CreationDate="2019-01-11T19:22:44.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es en efecto un caso de alternancia entre el pluscuamperfecto del  subjuntivo y el condicional compuesto. El sentido es pasado hipotético. Podemos imaginar una condicional implícita:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resultó más lento de lo que hubiera/habría imaginado si le hubieran preguntado cuánto tardaría.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, el pluscuamperfecto indicativo sugeriría que en efecto lo imaginó, y que lo que había imaginado no se cumplió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T19:28:52.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T19:28:52.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28307" CreationDate="2019-01-11T19:23:07.457" Score="4" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahora en México se habla mucho del Huachicol de gasolina.  Según este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-46831943&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interesantísimo artículo&lt;/a&gt; sobre este asunto en la BBC en español la palabra viene de la palabra maya &quot;huaach&quot; o &quot;waach&quot; y tiene varias acepciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extranjero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ladrón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bebida alcohólica&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es la siguiente, ¿se refiere esta palabra más al acto de robar la gasolina o más a la acción de extraerla con la boca (chupar)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿O los dos, por igual?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T02:54:42.210" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T02:54:42.210" Title="Huachicol para robo de gasolina" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28306" CreationDate="2019-01-11T21:04:57.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huachicol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;huachicol&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;guachicol&lt;/em&gt; es una bebida alcohólica adulterada. &lt;strong&gt;Esta palabra del español mexicano también se usa para nombrar al combustible (gasolina o diésel) adulterado o robado&lt;/strong&gt;. Las personas que se dedican a la actividad ilícita de robar y adulterar combustible y bebidas alcohólicas en México se conocen como &lt;em&gt;huachicoleros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que parece que se llama así a la gasolina robada o adulterada&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, o al acto de robarla y/o adulterarla, en lugar de a la forma de extracción o robo de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huachicolero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;huachicolero&lt;/a&gt; leemos sin embargo respecto al origen que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario del español de México, huachicol o guachicol tiene dos significados principales: es aquella persona que se dedica a bajar fruta de los árboles usando &lt;em&gt;un cuachicol o huachicol, que es una vara larga que lleva en un extremo una canastilla&lt;/em&gt; y es el ‘delincuente que se dedica a robar gasolina perforando los oleoductos que la conducen’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;que puede aumentar la confusión respecto a si la forma de extracción u obtención del producto robado tiene que ver con el nombre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la entrada sobre la etimología de la palabra en &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?huachicolero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt;, leemos que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero esta actividad ilícita [de adulterar el alcohol] pronto pasó al negocio de los combustibles y el término nominal &lt;strong&gt;huachicol&lt;/strong&gt; comenzó también a significar 'combustible &lt;strong&gt;adulterado&lt;/strong&gt;' o también ¿Porqué no? 'combustible &lt;strong&gt;robado&lt;/strong&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra se refiere a la gasolina robada o adulterada como si fuera alcohol adulterado, y por tanto la palabra se refiere más al acto de robarla o adulterarla, que a la forma de extracción o robo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El combustible adulterado se diluye con diferentes substancias para lograr un mayor beneficio financiero al venderlo y puede causar el desperfecto de los automotores en los que sea utilizado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T01:57:51.060" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T01:57:51.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28296" CreationDate="2019-01-11T21:37:52.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Café Bar es un tipo de establecimiento donde se sirve café y otro tipo de bebidas y tiene además una barra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El nombre &quot;café bar&quot; se comenzó a usar en el siglo XIX para distinguirlos de los &quot;cafés&quot; donde el cliente permanecia sentado en una mesa y un camarero servía las bebidas. Es decir, un local que combinaba el café y la barra de bar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros locales con nombre similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Café cantante, café teatro, y café concierto, donde además de servir las consumiciones en la mesa hay actuaciones de artistas en vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se trata de una palabra compuesta formada por dos sustantivos. Otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;casa cuna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coche cama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disco pub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;falda pantalón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hombre lobo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hombre rana&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mesón restaurante&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;palabra clave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sofá cama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El plural se forma haciendo plural el primero de los sustantivos, los hombres rana, los sofás cama, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12825" LastEditorUserId="12825" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T17:29:18.183" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T17:29:18.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28280" CreationDate="2019-01-11T22:28:51.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por el mero hecho de saber hablar español podemos inventar un sustantivo a partir de un verbo, agregando un sufijo adecuado como -ción, -miento o -ada. Otra cosa es que esa palabra esté integrada a la lengua.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;llorar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; se asocia al sustantivo &lt;em&gt;llanto&lt;/em&gt;, pero (creo), uno no se deriva del otro. Lo normal sería en cambio hablar de &quot;una &lt;em&gt;llorada&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, que es algo fácilmente inventable y comprensible, pero según el diccionario sólo lo han adoptado en Colombia y Guatemala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual cosa con el verbo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;largar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (que significa &quot;liberar&quot;). Según el diccionario, &lt;em&gt;largada&lt;/em&gt; es propio solo de argentinos y uruguayos. No existen la &lt;em&gt;largación&lt;/em&gt;, el &lt;em&gt;largamiento&lt;/em&gt;, la &lt;em&gt;larganza&lt;/em&gt; ni la &lt;em&gt;largancia&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a &quot;liberación&quot;. &lt;em&gt;Largo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;alargamiento&lt;/em&gt; son otra cosa, tienen que ver con la longitud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T22:28:51.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28293" CreationDate="2019-01-12T03:15:33.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y cuando como a las tres y media de la mañana ni siquiera podía decirse que hubieran acabado de entrar en su departamento --el de ella etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and when, at about 3:30 in the morning, when you couldn't even have said whether they had made it inside the apartment --her apartment etc. (or, instead of &amp;quot;made it inside,&amp;quot; you might prefer &amp;quot;actually come into&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, I think of &amp;quot;decirse&amp;quot; as similar to what would be the passive voice in English, as in, &amp;quot;it couldn't even have been said.&amp;quot;  I think this matches up with what you call &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;se&amp;quot; impersonal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T03:15:33.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28287" CreationDate="2019-01-12T03:24:21.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que &quot;picajoso&quot; no funciona muy bien porque se va a entender más bien &lt;em&gt;quisquilloso,&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;especial&lt;/em&gt; (utilizado sarcásticamente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me gustan mucho las palabras ya propuestas, ya que son un tanto formales, por lo que propongo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Axila sarnosa &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XJj4Yzn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sarna&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Afección cutánea contagiosa provocada por un ácaro o arador, que excava túneles bajo la piel, produciendo enrojecimiento, tumefacción y un intenso prurito.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sarnosa&quot; no equivale exactamente a &quot;itchy,&quot; pero creo que funciona bien porque si la axila es sarnosa, entonces pica.  Además, se oye como insulto en varios países.  Me parece que las películas y programas modernos incluyen muchos insultos, algunas veces usados como expresiones de cariño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-01-12T03:32:22.710" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T03:32:22.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28277" CreationDate="2019-01-12T04:21:00.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a couple of nice examples of an infinitive being used as a noun in Linguée:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dentro de nuestra forma de vivencia, el no mentir es algo sagrado, y eso no lo practicamos acá. embacubaqatar.com | In our way of life being truthful is sacred, and that is not being observed here. embacubaqatar.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los niños de 6 a 12 años de edad entienden lo que es mentir y el error moral de esta conducta. content.jeffersonhospital.org | Children from the ages of 6 to 12 understand what lying is and the moral wrongness of this behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we use an infinitive as a noun, we are sort of focusing on the &lt;em&gt;process&lt;/em&gt; of the action.  A nice phrase in English to use as a paradigm is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To err is human, to forgive, divine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example using &lt;em&gt;cancelar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cancelar de último momento sería desastroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what you really wanted to know, I think, is your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are times when I am speaking Spanish and am unable to remember the noun, but I remember the infinitive form of the verb the noun is derived from.  &lt;strong&gt;When is it safe to use the infinitive form of the verb as a noun?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will try to imagine a Spanish learner doing this (but if you could provide several examples, that would be helpful).  Let's say you want to talk about &lt;em&gt;una llamada [telefónica]&lt;/em&gt;, but you don't remember whether you should say &amp;quot;una llamada&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;un llamado&amp;quot; or something else entirely, so you try to substitute &amp;quot;llamar&amp;quot; in your sentence.  Let's see what happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recibí su llamar ayer. | &lt;em&gt;I received her/his/their [phone] call yesterday.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hmmm.  That is not working very well, is it?  I think that I would prefer that you make up any old noun, even if you don't hit the nail on the head.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recibí su llamamiento ayer / Recibí su llamado ayer / Recibí su llamido ayer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I tried to imagine some possible mistakes a Spanish learner might make in trying to come up with a noun based on the verb &amp;quot;llamar.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that even though these sound a little off, they work better than &amp;quot;Recibí su llamar ayer.&amp;quot;  Even though grammatically &amp;quot;Recibí su llamar ayer&amp;quot; is technically valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But please note that there might be other situations where it wouldn't sound weird, and your trick might work out pretty well for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Side note: &amp;quot;Si el evento se cancela&amp;quot; is similar to &amp;quot;If the event gets canceled / If the event becomes canceled (and if you want to look at it literally, word for word, you might think of it as &amp;quot;If the event cancels itself&amp;quot;).  What I think you forgot is that in &amp;quot;If the event is canceled,&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;is canceled&amp;quot; is the &lt;strong&gt;passive voice&lt;/strong&gt;.  It's a completely different pattern from &amp;quot;The jacket is blue.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T04:21:00.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-12T08:55:16.027" Score="2" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me estaba mirando fijamente a los ojos. &lt;strong&gt;Como si dijera &quot;no me delates&#xA;  por favor&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Se debe considerar la oración comparativa como una oración independiente (desde el punto de vista sintáctico)? La RAE dice (45.10l) que &lt;em&gt;como si + subjuntivo&lt;/em&gt; se emplea en oraciones independientes pero allí se trata de oraciones exclamativas (&lt;em&gt;¡Como si el peligro pudiera pasar alguna vez!&lt;/em&gt;). No creo que mi ejemplo sea lo mismo y estoy confundida...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T01:54:53.597" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T01:54:53.597" Title="Como si - ¿cláusula autónoma?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28315" CreationDate="2019-01-12T13:26:58.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La oración está mal puntuada. Debería ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me estaba mirando fijamente a los ojos(,) como si (me) dijera/estuviera diciendo: &quot;No me delates por favor“.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, se trata de una estructura comparativa. Se utiliza subjuntivo porque, además de exigirlo la forma &quot;como si&quot;, la persona no lo dijo y simplemente se lo está imaginando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La exclamativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Como si el peligro pudiera pasar alguna vez!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;también requiere subjuntivo. La principal diferencia es que en este caso la oración es independiente, pero la fundamentación semántica es similar: el peligo no puede pasar. La exclamativa enfatiza esa imposibilidad. Veamos otro par de oraciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparativa: &lt;em&gt;Hablaba como si fuera fácil resolver el problema.&lt;/em&gt; (no lo era)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exclamativa: &lt;em&gt;¡Como si fuera fácil resolver el problema!&lt;/em&gt; (no lo es)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T13:26:58.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-12T15:38:09.370" Score="3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las lecciones de gramática en español, incluso en aquellas de nivel universitario, es necesario aprenderse diversas maneras de clasificar oraciones, por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oración principal, y oración subordinada, y estas a su vez pueden ser sustantivas, adverbiales o adjetivas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oración desiderativa, oración dubitativa, oración negativa...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y así hay varias clasificaciones diversas, pero no he logrado entender la lógica detrás de estas clasificaciones, que parecen ser a veces semánticas y a veces sintácticas, y tampoco logro unirlas todas en un solo esquema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Conocéis algún esquema que incluya todas las clasificaciones? ¿O sabéis exactamente cuál es la lógica de estas clasificaciones? Me parece que si se comprende la lógica detrás de la clasificación entonces se puede fácilmente aprenderla ya que solo habría que deducirla, en lugar de memorizarla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20936" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T01:46:07.223" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T01:46:07.223" Title="¿Cuál es la lógica de la clasificación de oraciones?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28317" CreationDate="2019-01-12T16:04:09.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración principal, y oración subordinada, y estás a su vez pueden ser sustantivas, adverbiales o adjetivas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oración desiderativa, oración dubitativa, oración negativa...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las dos clasificaciones son válidas y compatibles, sólo que la primera es sintáctica y la segunda es semántica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las oraciones pueden ser simples, compuestas (por dos o más proposiciones coordinadas), complejas (con una o más proposiciones subordinadas), o compuestas complejas (una combinación de los dos tipos anteriores).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Independientemente de la clasificación anterior, las oraciones pueden ser, según su función expresiva, enunciativas, dubitativas, desiderativas, imperativas, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quizá llueva cuando llegue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración anterior es dubitativa, por cuanto la lluvia es sólo una posibilidad, y compleja porque contiene una subordinada adverbial de tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quien gane podrá retirar el premio y quien pierda deberá conformarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración anterior es enunciativa (afirmativa) y compuesta compleja, por cuanto contiene dos proposiciones coordinadas que a su vez contienen subordinadas nominales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Come la porción que te ha tocado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La oración anterior es imperativa y compleja por la presencia de una subordinada adjetiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-12T16:23:04.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28321" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28329" CreationDate="2019-01-13T01:51:46.680" Score="2" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm translating a form in which people can select items they'd like to volunteer for. For example: &quot;Organize and Event.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the items is &quot;Phone Banking&quot; which refers to making phone calls, potentially in a call center. According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phone_bank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;A political campaign strategy to collect voter data and get out the vote.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without your input I might just use &quot;Call Center&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Centro de Atención&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not actually sure if &quot;Phone Banking&quot; occurs in a call center.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I bet there are other options, and look forward to your input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastEditorUserId="14756" LastEditDate="2019-01-13T16:10:40.467" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T01:41:05.910" Title="How would you say &quot;Phone Banking&quot; (like in a Call Center) in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2019-01-13T02:43:44.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the Tagalog word &lt;em&gt;manyika&lt;/em&gt; is a corrected form, not the one that naturally developed. The letter &lt;em&gt;ñ&lt;/em&gt; also disappeared in the Cebuano word &lt;em&gt;monika&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Samtang gihatagan siya og &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;monika&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; ni Janice de Belen aron magpahinumdom sa iyang kabatan-on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/superbalita-cebu/20130321/281698317191542&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SuperBalita Cebu: 2013-03-21&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the TS, specifically meant &lt;em&gt;Philippine&lt;/em&gt; not &lt;em&gt;Philipino&lt;/em&gt; as edited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20940" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-13T12:05:01.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28324" CreationDate="2019-01-13T03:34:15.010" Score="4" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;How are Japanese loanwords spelt and pronounced? Are they spelt the same way that they'd be spelt in English, and are they pronounced the same way they'd be pronounced in English or Japanese? For example, how are words with the syllable &quot;ge&quot; or &quot;gi&quot; in English and Japanese (げ/ゲ or ぎ/ギ to use Japanese hiragana or katakana) spelt and pronounced?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that in English, recent loanwords are more faithful to the original Japanese than older loanwords, so I'm especially interested in recent loanwords to Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried looking at &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:ES:Palabras_de_origen_japon%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Categoría:ES:Palabras de origen japonés&lt;/a&gt; in the Spanish edition of Wiktionary and also &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_japon%C3%A9s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Idioma japonés&lt;/a&gt; in the Spanish edition of Wikipedia, but there didn't seem to be any information in Wikipedia about Japanese loanwords in Spanish, and Wiktionary only listed a handful of Japanese loanwords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More general question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/20934/do-any-spanish-words-exist-that-arent-pronounced-as-expected-from-their-spellin&quot;&gt;Do any Spanish words exist that aren&amp;#39;t pronounced as expected from their spelling?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="442" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T11:00:20.193" LastActivityDate="2021-02-07T15:49:08.050" Title="How are loanwords from Japanese spelt and pronounced?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;japonés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28323" CreationDate="2019-01-13T09:49:32.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26259/18348&quot;&gt;What was the first Spanish word imported from the Japanese language?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, established loanwords normally adopt nativised spellings - i.e. ones that reflect the Spanish pronunciation of the word (to whatever degree it has or hasn't deviated from the original pronunciation) e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YTVipGJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;soufflé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YezVYIS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suflé&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pepper-mint &amp;gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=piperm%C3%ADn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pipermín&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most recent or rare Japanese loanwords are as yet unnativised and spelled as in English (Hepburn romanisation), but italicised in the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J2awG9i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;geisha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=JCuTxAL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ginkgo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QVrkES0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ninja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yos09aL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sushi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the large overlap in Japanese phones and similar ones in Spanish (and that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hepburn romanisation&lt;/a&gt; is based on Italian orthography), loanwords are often 'faithfully' reproduced and have orthographies similar to standard Latin transcriptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, loanwords with /k/ often have modern spelling variants with &amp;quot;k&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=MgYfCuk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kendo&lt;/a&gt;, haraquiri (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=K0zqmDo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;harakiri&lt;/a&gt;), quimono (kimono), samuray (samurái)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But some phones in Japonese don't exist (or only exist as dialectal/alophonic variants) in Spanish, and so (for example) &amp;quot;s&amp;quot; is used to represent both [s] and [ʃ]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XzwQjuW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sintoísmo&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;sh&lt;/strong&gt;intoism&amp;quot;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YF493Kz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sogún&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;sh&lt;/strong&gt;ogun&amp;quot;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Yhku2TG%7CYhlTKaT%7CYhlZjtg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sumo&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;umo&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &amp;quot;y&amp;quot; for [d͡ʒ], [i], and [j]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cDZ4AOd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yudo&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;udo&amp;quot;), samuray, yen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, some are loanwords via other languages, with the associated further changes in sounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Spanish&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Intermediate&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Japanese&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;soja &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/soxa/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;soja &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/ʃoja/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;(Dutch)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;そや&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/ʃoyo/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;(Satsuma dialect Japanese)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;moxa &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/moxa/&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;moxa &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/moksa/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;(English)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;艾 &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;/mogusa/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words with uncommon consonant clusters in Spanish have simpilified variants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ar38kbP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tsunami&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YhylT0K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sunami&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some words were loaned hundreds of years ago, during which both Japanese and Spanish have evolved. As such, some loanwords accurately reflected the Japanese pronunciation then, but no longer do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=cAj4prO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yen&lt;/a&gt; (pronounced &amp;quot;en&amp;quot; in modern Japanese)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. I don't know of any Japanese loanwords with /ge/, /gi/ with nativised spellings in Spanish.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. To make the difference even more striking, the standard Japanese word is pronounced しょうゆ &lt;code&gt;/ʃo:yu/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-02-07T15:49:08.050" LastActivityDate="2021-02-07T15:49:08.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28323" CreationDate="2019-01-13T09:54:16.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Japanese loanwords follow the same general rules as loanwords from other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the loanword is not adapted and keeps its original spelling (in this case, the English romanization) it is written in italics, as you can see in the word &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=J2awG9i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;geisha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, registered in the dictionary. Note that as the word is in italics that means that the word needs to be pronounced as in its original language (in this case as it were &quot;gueisa&quot; or even &quot;gueesa&quot; with a long &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the loanword has been adapted its spelling may not be the same as the the original but now it's not necessary to write it in italics, as now it's a Spanish word as every other one, like &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UsGmmGv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quimono&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-13T14:24:56.253" LastActivityDate="2019-01-13T14:24:56.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-13T19:22:58.560" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción literal hecha por software de la palabra &lt;code&gt;legacy&lt;/code&gt; es &lt;code&gt;herencia&lt;/code&gt;, pero me parece que es completamente erróneo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;legacy system&lt;/code&gt; se traduce perfectamente como &lt;code&gt;sistema antíguo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si quieres traducir la palabra &lt;code&gt;legacy&lt;/code&gt; como &lt;code&gt;antíguo&lt;/code&gt;, por sí sola, resulta muy impreciso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;account (legacy)&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; &lt;code&gt;cuenta (antígua)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay ambigüedad y podría ser interpretado como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;es una cuenta vieja&lt;/code&gt; en vez de &lt;code&gt;es una cuenta creada en el sistema viejo&lt;/code&gt; (siendo que la cuenta ha sido creada recientemente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2190" LastEditorUserId="2190" LastEditDate="2019-01-13T22:07:08.800" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T00:17:17.743" Title="Cómo traduces &quot;legacy&quot; dentro del contexto de tecnología?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28327" CreationDate="2019-01-13T21:06:41.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El problema es que un &lt;em&gt;legacy account&lt;/em&gt; es una cuenta que se sigue manteniendo a pesar de venir de un sistema antiguo.  No tiene por qué ser antiguo, y es posible que existan cuentas no &lt;em&gt;legacy&lt;/em&gt; que son más antiguas aún (en el caso de fusionar dos plataformas, por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según Wikipedia (entre las entradas para &lt;em&gt;Legacy system&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Legacy code&lt;/em&gt;, la forma en castellano es &lt;em&gt;heredado&lt;/em&gt;.  Es la solución que ha tenido el francés (&lt;em&gt;hérité&lt;/em&gt;) y el italiano cuando este no opta por el inglés (&lt;em&gt;ereditato&lt;/em&gt;).  El portugués, a su vez, prefiere &lt;em&gt;legado&lt;/em&gt; que no me parece mal en español (y, de hecho, se usa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en Google demuestra que con varios términos relacionado al contexto informático &lt;em&gt;heredado&lt;/em&gt; se usa 2-4x más que &lt;em&gt;legado&lt;/em&gt; y mucho más (10x o más) que el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;legacy&lt;/em&gt; (que también disfruta de algún desafortunado uso).  Pero ojo: es difícil a veces separar los resultados lusófonos o italianos de los castellanos.  Aún así, creo que consta bien los dos términos no solo prevalentes pero bien adecuados con respecto a la idea de algo antiguo que se sigue manteniendo a pesar de su antigüedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, puedes emplear bien &lt;strong&gt;heredado&lt;/strong&gt; bien &lt;strong&gt;legado&lt;/strong&gt; para traducir &lt;em&gt;legacy&lt;/em&gt;, teniendo en cuenta que la primera es algo más usado que la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T00:17:17.743" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T00:17:17.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28321" CreationDate="2019-01-14T01:41:05.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An option that fits your example would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;captación telefónica&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;captación por teléfono&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &lt;em&gt;captación&lt;/em&gt; is the one commonly used in Spanish to talk about targeting and recruitment of people for your cause: &lt;em&gt;campaña de captación&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;estrategias de captación&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7M5AvyH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;captación&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Acción y efecto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7M88XDA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;captar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;4. tr. Atraer a alguien o ganar su voluntad o afecto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    5. tr. Atraer, conseguir o lograr benevolencia, estimación, atención, antipatía, etc., de alguien. U. t. c. prnl. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;em&gt;telefónica / por teléfono&lt;/em&gt; just means &quot;by phone&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T01:41:05.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-14T01:51:52.447" Score="1" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he tomado o he encontrado esta frase: &quot;la Biblia se queda pese a lo que pasa&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es del himno &quot;La Biblia es fiel&quot; por Haldor Lillenas. En inglés es &quot;The Bible Stands&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es en el estribillo de este himno. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El estribillo: &quot;La Biblia es fiel aunque montes caigan y &lt;strong&gt;se queda pese a lo que pasa&lt;/strong&gt;; &#xA;yo me planto firme en el fundamento que la Biblia es.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T02:07:56.923" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T02:32:56.150" Title="Analice la frase &quot;la Biblia se queda pese a lo que pasa&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-01-14T16:31:38.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28330" CreationDate="2019-01-14T02:32:56.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por partes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Lo que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasa&lt;/a&gt;&quot; se puede interpretar como lo que se transforma, lo que muere, lo que termina, lo que deja de existir (acepciones 33, 40, 45, 55)... o simplemente como lo que ocurre (acepción 52).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SmGC3aC#6LBKXNu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pese a&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es una locución que significa &quot;a pesar de&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;[La Biblia] se &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UloraJw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;queda&lt;/a&gt;&quot; significa que la Biblia no se va a mover de donde está.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente la frase &lt;strong&gt;quiere decir que la Biblia va a seguir ahí aunque todo lo demás cambie&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como traducción, creo que es bastante rebuscada y seguramente sea una adaptación local hecha así para ajustarse a la métrica de la canción. El original deja el sentido mucho más claro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Bible stands though the hills may tumble,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  It will firmly stand when the earth shall crumble;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I will plant my feet on its firm foundation,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  For the Bible stands.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una traducción más literal sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Biblia aguanta en pie aunque las colinas tiemblen,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  aguantará firme cuando la tierra se derrumbe;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Plantaré mis pies en sus firmes cimientos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  porque la Biblia aguanta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T02:32:56.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-14T04:42:18.410" Score="-1" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por favor, analice el verbo por lo menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He encontrado la frase en el himno &quot;Todas las promesas&quot; por R. Kelso Carter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés se titula &quot;Standing on the Promises&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T08:34:57.037" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T08:44:46.610" Title="¿Qué quiere decir en inglés la frase &quot;Mientras luche aquí buscando yo su luz,&quot;, especialmente el verbo &quot;luche&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28332" CreationDate="2019-01-14T08:19:59.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, this is not a site about English language but ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mientras luche aquí buscando yo Su luz&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  siempre en Sus promesas confiaré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be translated to English approximately as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;While I fight here searching for His light,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  always in His promises I will trust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the verb &lt;strong&gt;fight&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;em&gt;luchar&lt;/em&gt;] is not present in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanishworship.wordpress.com/2009/12/15/todas-las-promesas-del-senor-jesus/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;original text&lt;/a&gt; by R. K. Carter. The Spanish hymn is not a translation, probably it only keeps the music and the main theme about promises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the first singular person of the &lt;strong&gt;present subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; of the verb &lt;em&gt;luchar&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;yo luche&lt;/em&gt; (I fight). The subjunctive in Spanish is used to express more or less the same that the English form, &lt;em&gt;these include statements about one's state of mind, such as opinion, belief, purpose, intention, or desire.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_subjunctive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mientras (yo) luche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a &lt;em&gt;complemento circunstancial de tiempo&lt;/em&gt;. I think that the English equivalent is an &lt;em&gt;adverb clause of time&lt;/em&gt;. It indicates &lt;strong&gt;when&lt;/strong&gt; the action of the main verb occurs. In this case &lt;em&gt;when two things happen &lt;strong&gt;at the same time&lt;/strong&gt;, we can use the word &lt;strong&gt;while&lt;/strong&gt;, which mean 'during that time'&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/adverb-time-clauses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can reorder the sentence a bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will always trust His promises while I fight here searching for His light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main verb is &lt;strong&gt;trust&lt;/strong&gt;. I guess that the speaker is saying that he'll be all his life fighting, searching for the enlightment of God and that he will always trust His promises during the aforementioned life.&#xA;The speaker is expressing &lt;em&gt;belief, purpose, intention, or desire&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T08:44:46.610" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T08:44:46.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28336" CreationDate="2019-01-14T09:13:05.470" Score="3" ViewCount="1699" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español, escribir con mayúscula los nombres de Dios, Jesucristo y la Virgen, así como sus pronombres, no solo es habitual, sino &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;normativo&lt;/a&gt; (al menos en textos religiosos):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Uso de mayúscula inicial independientemente de la puntuación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Se escriben con letra inicial mayúscula [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;4.2. Los nombres de divinidades: &lt;em&gt;Dios, Jehová, Alá, Afrodita, Júpiter, Amón&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;4.5. Los nombres comunes [...] que se refieren, también por antonomasia, a Dios, a Jesucristo o a la Virgen: &lt;em&gt;el Creador, el Todopoderoso, el Mesías, el Salvador, la Purísima, la Inmaculada&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;4.20. Las advocaciones de la Virgen: &lt;em&gt;la Virgen de Guadalupe, la Virgen del Rocío&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;4.30. En textos religiosos, suelen escribirse con mayúscula, en señal de respeto, los pronombres personales &lt;em&gt;Tú, Ti, Sí, Vos, Él, Ella&lt;/em&gt;, referidos a Dios o a la Virgen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, además de lo anterior, también es habitual escribir en mayúscula los posesivos cuando se refieren a Dios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For the Lord gives wisdom; from His mouth come knowledge and understanding.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que yo tenía entendido que esto también era lo normal y correcto en español, y por tanto como traducción rápida y literal de lo anterior yo pondría esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Porque el Señor da la sabiduría; de Su boca vienen el conocimiento y la comprensión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo me asalta la duda al ver que la entrada del DPD, si bien nombra el concepto genérico de &quot;mayúscula de respeto&quot; (la aplicada en los casos anteriores), no dice nada específico sobre los posesivos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es obligatorio, recomendado, o siquiera correcto el uso de mayúsculas en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T09:34:35.263" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T13:55:48.580" Title="¿Se escriben con mayúscula los posesivos referentes a Dios y a la Virgen?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;&lt;religión&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28279" CreationDate="2019-01-14T10:26:27.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Preguntar&lt;/em&gt; usually takes three arguments: the subject (who asks the question?), the direct object (what is the question?) and this optional indirect object (who is the question directed to?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a quoted dialogue in a book, in general, the sentence between quotes (the direct object, i.e. what is being said) comes first, then the verb, then the person who asks (the subject). In this last part of the sentence you can have the indirect object. But if the participants have already been mentioned, the pronoun is optional, because you can get from context who is being asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, though, there's no specific person being asked; the verb just means &quot;to ask&quot; in the sense of stating a question and waiting for someone to reply. This works like that with &quot;to ask&quot; in English, anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADDENDA: The following are examples of &lt;em&gt;preguntar&lt;/em&gt; with different arrangements of arguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With 3 arguments:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María le preguntó a Pedro si quería tomar café.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;María asked Pedro if he wanted to have coffee.&quot; Here the subject is explicit (&lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt;), then comes the indirect object &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;a Pedro&lt;/em&gt;, and then the direct object, which is the question &lt;em&gt;si quería tomar café&lt;/em&gt; (it's not actually a question, but it's the indirect rendering of a yes-no question). The pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is optional, because the indirect object is made explicit: &lt;em&gt;a Pedro&lt;/em&gt;, but most people would use the pronoun rather than dropping it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Quieres tomar café?&quot;, le preguntó María a Pedro.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;'Do you want to have coffee?', María asked Pedro.&quot; This is the same as above, only the question is not reported but quoted directly. Again the pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is optional.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Quieres tomar café&quot;, le preguntó María.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;'Do you want to have coffee?', María asked him.&quot; Here the indirect object is implicit; the pronoun &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; points to someone (some definite person) who must have been named before. I've translated it &quot;him&quot; but it could be &quot;her&quot;, since &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; doesn't show gender, only number (singular).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With 2 arguments:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María preguntó si alguien quería tomar café.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;María asked if anyone wanted to have coffee.&quot; Here there's no indirect object pronoun, and there can't be, because the question is intended to be non-specific (&lt;em&gt;alguien&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;anyone&quot;). So María doesn't ask someone; she just asks, in general. &lt;em&gt;María&lt;/em&gt; is the subject and &lt;em&gt;si alguien quería…&lt;/em&gt; (the question) is the direct object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Alguien quiere tomar café?&quot;, preguntó María.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;'Does anyone want to have coffee?', asked María.&quot; As above, with a direct quote. Note the word order change, which you find also in English. This is not a hard-and-fast rule but it does tend to happen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With 1 argument:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María preguntó pero no obtuvo respuesta.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;María asked but got no answer.&quot; This is the verb with only a subject. Syntactically there's no direct or indirect object. But in fact this sentence does refer to something that must have been alluded to before in the conversation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;María preguntó por el café.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;María asked about the coffee.&quot; Again, only the subject appears, but the topic of the question is introduced by a complement headed by the preposition &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; &quot;about&quot; (it could also be &lt;em&gt;sobre&lt;/em&gt;). There's no specific question, just a topic (what María wants with the coffee is unknown).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T21:28:22.937" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T21:28:22.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28334" CreationDate="2019-01-14T12:40:27.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que tradicionalmente sí se ha usado la mayúscula en los posesivos para cuando se menciona a Dios. Incluso en algunos casos puede ser bastante útil, como en este ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Para quien trata de Dios y de aprovechar su alma, yo no hallo otro desaguadero si no es la oración, descansar con Dios, descubrirle el corazón y hablar con Su divina Majestad como con persona que nos puede ayudar y socorrer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;San Juan Bautista de la Concepción (Juan García López), &quot;El recogimiento interior&quot;, a 1613 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese como cuando dice &quot;aprovechar su alma&quot; no usa las mayúsculas, por lo que se refiere a la persona que &quot;trata de Dios&quot; y no de Dios en sí, mientras que (obviamente) &quot;Su divina Majestad&quot; sí se refiere a Dios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este uso se ha prodigado hasta tiempos más modernos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y en el bolsillo había un papel, donde el judío había escrito lo siguiente: &quot;Yo, comerciante, de Bassra, declaro haber entregado la cantidad de mil dinares al joven Hassan Badreddin, hijo del visir Nureddin (a quien Alah haya recibido en Su misericordia), por el cargamento de la primera nave que arribe a Bassra&quot;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, &quot;Traducción de Las mil y una noches&quot;, c 1916 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se ve que también se usa para otras divinidades, siempre que sea necesario mostrar respeto. Busco otros ejemplos todavía más recientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dios está descubriendo el propósito de Su voluntad, al igual que nosotros pasamos nuestras vidas buscando el propósito y sentido de nuestra existencia [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El País, 01/08/1989 : Especulaciones cósmicas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También en segunda persona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mas yo, en muchedumbre de Tu piadat,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  entraré en Tu casa,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  oraré en el Tu Santo Tiemplo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  con temor de Ti.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Herman el Alemán, &quot;Traslación del Psalterio&quot;, c 1240-1272 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Un poco antiguo? ¿Qué tal este?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Había Jesús enviado a sus Apóstoles y discípulos a predicar, y volvían ellos gozosos, diciéndole: &quot;Hasta los demonios mismos se sujetan a nosotros por la virtud de Tu nombre...&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C. M. de Heredia, &quot;Una fuente de energía&quot;, 1932 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No he encontrado ninguna fuente oficial, pero entiendo que el concepto de &quot;respeto&quot; hacia Dios se extiende a los posesivos, a juzgar por los documentos encontrados. Tal vez sea una cuestión más personal que de normativa, dado que en ocasiones, si se abusa del posesivo el texto pueda quedar un poco recargado (como ese ejemplo del siglo XIII).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T13:55:48.580" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T13:55:48.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28339" CreationDate="2019-01-14T15:29:00.620" Score="3" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Sevilla y otras ciudades se conocen a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seises&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;los &lt;em&gt;seises&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como el grupo de niños&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[..] que, vestidos lujosamente con traje antiguo de seda azul y blanca, bailan y cantan tocando las castañuelas en la catedral de Sevilla, y en algunas otras, en determinadas festividades del año.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto citado es en realidad parte de la definición de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=XU5F6YP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seise&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. El nombre hace referencia a que el grupo estaba formado por seis niños (aunque en Sevilla en la actualidad son diez). En la etimología de la palabra se menciona:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sing. formado a partir del pl. &lt;em&gt;seises&lt;/em&gt;, y este de &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que primero se originó el nombre del grupo (&quot;los seises&quot;) y a partir de ahí se formó &lt;em&gt;seise&lt;/em&gt; (y no &lt;em&gt;seis&lt;/em&gt;) como el singular para referirse a un niño concreto del grupo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez compartida esta curiosidad, vamos con otra pregunta de pura curiosidad: ¿existen más sustantivos en español cuyo singular se haya formado a partir del plural? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: busco palabras que tengan voces distintas para el singular y el plural, eso excluye casos como &lt;em&gt;gafa/gafas&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pantalón/pantalones&lt;/em&gt; y similares, en los que ambas voces se pueden usar para el singular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T16:12:08.570" Title="¿Qué otras palabras existen en español cuyo singular se haya formado partiendo del plural?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28338" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28348" CreationDate="2019-01-14T15:57:18.933" Score="6" ViewCount="1598" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés un pirata dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ahoy, matey!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Cómo se dice &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ahoy, matey!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; en español? ¿Hay otras frases comunes de piratas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14143" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T10:56:34.790" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T11:59:34.010" Title="¿Cómo se habla como un pirata en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28337" CreationDate="2019-01-14T16:12:08.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Va uno regional: en Argentina le decimos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Bc7rcBp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a un animalito que todos llaman de manera distinta, y eso porque de &lt;em&gt;cuy&lt;/em&gt; se derivó el plural irregular &lt;em&gt;cuises&lt;/em&gt;. (Si hay que agregar sólo una “s” tenemos tendencia a hacerla “ses”: un pie, dos pieses, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="408" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T16:12:08.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28338" CreationDate="2019-01-14T17:25:07.807" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Wikipedia entry on September 19 which is &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADa_Internacional_de_Hablar_como_un_Pirata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Día internacional de hablar como un pirata&lt;/a&gt; you are supposed to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Ahoy, amigo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-14T20:09:38.687" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T20:09:38.687" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28356" CreationDate="2019-01-14T17:35:01.977" Score="4" ViewCount="6718" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día llevé a mis hijos a un &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19721/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;strike&gt;singalong&lt;/strike&gt; canta conmigo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. El grupo (un dúo) se presentó al principio de la función, y me llamó la atención que el nombre de pila de uno de ellos era &amp;quot;Memo&amp;quot;. El grupo cantó canciones en inglés, español, portugués y mezcla de inglés y español. Al finalizar la función&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; dijeron de nuevo sus nombres y lugar de procedencia (ambos eran de países latinoamericanos, aunque de países distintos. Ella era de El Salvador; él creo que era de México, pero no estoy seguro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me llamó la atención sobre la naturalidad con la que alguien recibe el nombre de pila de Memo (o alguien se refiere a otra persona por tal nombre), es que en España &amp;quot;memo&amp;quot; tiene connotaciones peyorativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Oreedk3%7COrf8vct&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;memo, ma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;adj. Tonto, simple, mentecato. U. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque también se indica que en algunos países es un acortamiento de &amp;quot;memorando&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Chile. memorando (‖ comunicación diplomática).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Guat. y Hond. memorando (‖ informe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &amp;quot;Memo&amp;quot; puede ser un acortamiento de un nombre más largo, como &lt;em&gt;Fede&lt;/em&gt; lo es de Federico, &lt;em&gt;Alex&lt;/em&gt; de Alejandro, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí se me hace extraño tanto usar como nombre de pila para alguien &amp;quot;Memo&amp;quot; como usar ese acortamiento para un nombre más largo. Sin embargo investigando un poco he visto que &amp;quot;Memo&amp;quot; sí parece usarse en algunos lugares como nombre de pila.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿No tiene &amp;quot;memo&amp;quot; en Hispanoamérica las connotaciones negativas de la acepción mostrada en el DRAE (&amp;quot;Tonto, simple&amp;quot;)? Porque no me resulta intuitivo que alguien quiera usar ese nombre o acortamiento (para sí mismo u otros) si las tiene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: Durante la función pensé que o bien yo había oído mal, y el nombre era &amp;quot;Nemo&amp;quot; o similar o bien que ellos no eran de países hispanoparlantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T07:39:02.413" Title="Uso y connotaciones de &quot;Memo&quot; en Hispanoamérica" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26045" CreationDate="2019-01-14T20:38:09.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;calma, relajese parcero que no pasa nada. Cuando se le dice a alguien. RELAJE EL PONY, Singinifica que no se preocupe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20952" LastActivityDate="2019-01-14T20:38:09.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28344" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28345" CreationDate="2019-01-15T05:54:16.997" Score="2" ViewCount="976" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, aprendí a decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No oigo / no te oigo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuando la persona habla muy bajito y no alcanzo a distinguir bien sus palabras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero luego me di cuenta de que una peruana decía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No escucho&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es más común donde tú vives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T06:27:26.177" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T14:57:52.647" Title="¿En tu región, se dice &quot;No oigo&quot; o &quot;No escucho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28344" CreationDate="2019-01-15T05:55:21.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colombia: Las dos formas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;México: No oigo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perú: No escucho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T14:57:52.647" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T14:57:52.647" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2019-01-15T05:55:21.893" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28344" CreationDate="2019-01-15T07:47:11.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si está relacionado con la región en sí o no, pero como hablante de catalán y castellano, uso ambos con algunas diferencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;no oigo&quot; cuando estoy dando a entender que no puedo oír lo que me están diciendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;no escucho&quot; cuando digo que no estoy atendiendo a lo que me están diciendo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20678" LastEditorUserId="20678" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T10:20:16.563" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T10:20:16.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28347" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-15T11:21:16.083" Score="2" ViewCount="5936" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el chat &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/48499287#48499287&quot;&gt;se ha debatido&lt;/a&gt; la corrección gramatical de un texto, en el cual se incluye la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] la tradición [de hablar como un pirata] se transformó en un día festivo internacional por la Iglesia del Monstruo de Espagueti Volador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un principio no vi nada raro en la frase, pero luego me di cuenta de que yo habría usado el verbo &lt;em&gt;convertir&lt;/em&gt; en vez de &lt;em&gt;transformar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, las acepciones más generales para ambos verbos son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Agvhx9z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;convertir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer que alguien o algo se transforme en algo distinto de lo que era.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aJbn4er&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;transformar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer cambiar de forma a alguien o algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que el verbo &lt;em&gt;transformar&lt;/em&gt; implique un cambio de forma hace me cuestione la idoneidad de su uso para el caso de cosas que no tienen forma: una &lt;em&gt;tradición&lt;/em&gt; y un &lt;em&gt;día festivo&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, el verbo &lt;em&gt;transformar&lt;/em&gt; parece que tiene una segunda acepción más genérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Transmutar algo en otra cosa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=aM4kGZc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;transmutar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;mudar o convertir algo en otra cosa&quot;, con lo que de nuevo tenemos el verbo &lt;em&gt;convertir&lt;/em&gt;. Y no solo eso, sino que además si nos fijamos en la definición de &lt;em&gt;convertir&lt;/em&gt;, esta usa el verbo &lt;em&gt;transformar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, pregunto: ¿son los verbos &lt;em&gt;transformar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;convertir&lt;/em&gt; completamente intercambiables en las mencionadas acepciones? ¿O se prefiere el uso del primero para objetos materiales (con &lt;em&gt;forma&lt;/em&gt;) y el segundo para cosas inmateriales o como opción más genérica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T17:42:52.090" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T14:25:38.013" Title="Diferencia entre &quot;transformar&quot; y &quot;convertir&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28338" CreationDate="2019-01-15T11:59:34.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahoy_(greeting)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ahoy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una interjección usada en inglés para llamar la atención de un barco o nave, la cual a su vez viene de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hoy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;hoy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que servía tanto como interjección como para denominar ciertos tipos de barcos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si lo que buscamos es &lt;strong&gt;la expresión equivalente en español, sería «¡Ah!» o, más específicamente, «¡Ah del barco!»&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ah&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caso_vocativo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;vocativo&lt;/a&gt; (para llamar la atención de alguien) era &lt;a href=&quot;http://rinconaufrago.blogspot.com/2010/07/las-palabras-y-su-vida.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;común en distintos ámbitos&lt;/a&gt;, y de hecho el DLE sigue recogiendo la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7lsKMtR#AhxyBek&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;«ah de la casa»&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En cuanto al uso de «¡Ah del barco!», se puede encontrar en libros del s. XIX (cuando el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Romanticismo&lt;/a&gt; hizo populares en España las novelas de aventuras) como &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=IntX1E0SMx8C&amp;amp;dq=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA216#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=1YQvAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA492#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=tYcUAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22ah%20del%20barco%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;, aunque el ejemplo más claro de todos es la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?safe=active&amp;amp;tbs=sbd%3A1%2Ccdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A1800%2Ccd_max%3A1899&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22ah%20del%20barco%22%20%22buque%20fantasma%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;traducción de 1880 de &lt;em&gt;The Phantom Ship, or The Flying Dutchman&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¡&lt;strong&gt;Ah del barco&lt;/strong&gt;! dijo Krantz, encaramado sobre la borda, y agitando el sombrero.—Todo inútil; la fragata avanzaba, veiase la espuma saltar bajo su estamenara, y pronto estuvo á un tiro de pistola.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡&lt;strong&gt;Ah del barco&lt;/strong&gt;! gritaron los marmeros [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde el &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=ppErAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA146&amp;amp;ots=SoGUw2GmKr&amp;amp;dq=ahoy%20said%20Krantz&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;pg=PA146#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=ahoy%20said%20Krantz&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;original inglés&lt;/a&gt; dice, precisamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ship, ahoy&lt;/strong&gt;!&quot; cried Krantz on the gunwale, waving his hat. It was useless—down she came with the waters foaming under her bows and was now within pistol shot of the Utrecht.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ship, ahoy&lt;/strong&gt;!&quot; roared all the sailors [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, como digo: si lo que buscas es el término en español equivalente al &lt;em&gt;ahoy&lt;/em&gt; inglés, sería &quot;ah del barco&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, si lo que quieres saber es cuál es la fórmula usada como saludo entre los hispanohablantes practicantes del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastafarismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pastafarismo&lt;/a&gt;, entonces lo adecuado no es usar el equivalente español de la expresión inglesa original, sino la que sea que haya establecido la Iglesia Pastafari. En tal caso, como bien indica &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28340/13628&quot;&gt;mdewey en su respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, la expresión sería &quot;¡Ahoy, amigo!&quot; (pronunciada aspirando la H, como en inglés, entiendo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T11:59:34.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28359" CreationDate="2019-01-15T17:36:13.610" Score="7" ViewCount="1730" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español hay un coloquialismo que es &amp;quot;hacerse el longuis&amp;quot;, con el significado de &amp;quot;hacerse el distraído&amp;quot; o no querer darse por enterado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NbdvlBR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;longuis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (también &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hacerse el longui, o longuis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Hacerse el distraído.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NbdvlBR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando el origen de tal expresión, me he encontrado con diferentes posibilidades. Hay quien afirma que es de reciente cuño:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HACERSE EL LONGUIS [es una expresión ochentera]. En el 70 ya aparecía hacerse el longui y en el 84 entró también como longuis. Se usa para el que se hace el distraído o el sueco (que, según la RAE, viene de zueco, por cierto).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sinfaltas.com/2016/01/13/la-rae-mola/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sinfaltas.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-la-expresion-hacerse-el-longuis/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ya está el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/a&gt; (que me parece un poco más fiable) indica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término ‘longuis’ proviene de la palabra en latín ‘liongus’ cuyo significado es lejano/apartado y éste dio la palabra ‘longuiso’ para referirse a aquella persona cobarde que huía de una responsabilidad y que se escondía en algún lugar lejano y/o apartado para desentenderse de una obligación&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El blog de elListoQueTodoLoSabe advierte que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al contrario de lo que muchas personas piensan, esta expresión no ha surgido recientemente ni proviene de ninguna jerga de los más jóvenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He intentado verificar las afirmaciones de este blog sobre el origen de la expresión (buscando en alguno de los otros sitios habituales, como Etimologías de Chile) pero he tenido poca suerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque me inclino por creer la entrada del listo que todo lo sabe (porque ha sido muy fiable en otras ocasiones, más que por el hecho de que se haga eco de esa &amp;quot;falsa&amp;quot; etimología que dice que la expresión es de reciente cuño), me parece que ambas afirmaciones andan en &amp;quot;empate técnico&amp;quot; y me gustaría poder encontrar algo que de verdad valide alguna de las dos (y desmienta la otra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien sabe cómo se formó la expresión &amp;quot;hacerse el longuis&amp;quot;? Alguno de los que os manejáis con soltura rebuscando en versiones antiguas del diccionario o documentos similares, ¿encontráis que esta expresión se usase ya hace mucho tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-07-02T13:10:56.800" LastActivityDate="2020-07-02T13:10:56.800" Title="Etimología de &quot;longuis&quot; / Hacerse el longuis" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28354" CreationDate="2019-01-15T19:43:51.347" Score="2" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that &quot;imperative&quot; is the tense of the phrase. It's copy for a button inviting a user to &quot;take action now&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came up with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Debe Actuar Ahora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14756" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T00:58:33.007" Title="How do I implore someone to &quot;Take Action Now&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28353" CreationDate="2019-01-15T20:51:50.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ahora%20mismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ahora mismo&lt;/a&gt; is more affirmative than &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spanishdict.com/translate/ahora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ahora&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in Mexico, don't use &quot;ahorita&quot; because that would have the opposite effect. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2019-01-15T21:51:00.503" LastActivityDate="2019-01-15T21:51:00.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28349" CreationDate="2019-01-15T21:32:42.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es posible que venga del caló:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;5.172 longui o longuis: hacerse el ~&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Comenta Sanmartín Sáez (1998a) que la voz podría tener su origen en la voz caló &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt; ‘inocente’, documentada solamente en el diccionario de Llorens, o, contrariamente, podría haber sido influída por la frase &lt;em&gt;ser muy largo&lt;/em&gt; ‘ser avispado’. La tercera posibilidad, que negaría también el origen gitano de la voz, se atestigua en el diccionario de Terreros y Pando: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;“Fr. &lt;em&gt;Longui&lt;/em&gt;. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Linteum&lt;/em&gt;, voz de relaciones, cierto paño ó lienzo, que sirve en los baños en Turquía” (NTLLE: 1787 Terreros y Pando (G-O)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la 22ª edición del DRAE, de 2001, se recogen ambas variantes de la voz &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt; igual que &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt;, y las frases se definen como ‘hacerse el distraído’ y llevan la marca de uso coloquial. Desafortunadamente, no se informa al lector sobre la etimología de la voz en cuestión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se atestigua &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt; como parte de frase &lt;em&gt;hacerse el longui&lt;/em&gt; ‘hacerse el distraído’ a partir de la 19ª edición en 1970 y llevaba las marcas de uso familiar y figurado. Su variante formal &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt; se registra desde la 21ª edición, de 1992, bajo la misma entrada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ambas variantes vienen también en el DEA, pero con una diferencia en el tratamiento: la variante &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt; fi gura en el primer lugar, i.e. se marca como más frecuente, lo que más tarde hemos comprobado encórpora académicos. La locución ostenta la marca de uso coloquial e idéntico es también el texto de la definición: ‘Hacerse el distraído’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hemos constatado que la variante &lt;em&gt;hacerse el longuis&lt;/em&gt; es más frecuente que &lt;em&gt;hacerse el longui.&lt;/em&gt; Curiosamente, en ningún repertorio lexicográfico se nos informa sobre el carácter invariable de &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt;. Hemos encontrado en CORDE un curioso ejemplo en femenino &lt;em&gt;hacerse la longuis&lt;/em&gt; y no hemos resistido la tentación de incluirlo también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Todo el mundo se hace el «longui» por aquello de que no daba pelas en la SER.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    (CREA: 2009-06-18 [Díaz &lt;em&gt;La radio&lt;/em&gt;])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—No te hagas el «longuis». La bragueta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    (CREA: 2009-06-18 [Marsé &lt;em&gt;Rabos&lt;/em&gt;])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;—¡Qué me va a decir, idiota, que eres idiota! Pues ahí está mi reconcomio, que siempre que lo nombra es pa decir que es un gili, un palomino atontao, y yo me hago la «longuis» porque no es tiempo aún pa empezar la labor del casorio, que ya vendrá cuando tenga que venir. Ahora, a quien hay que trabajar es a la madre, y con la Raimunda estoy haciendo encaje de bolillos. Tú déjame a mí, que soy buena encajera.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    (CORDE: 2009-06-18 [DCañabate &lt;em&gt;Paseíllo&lt;/em&gt;])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/bitstream/handle/11222.digilib/124078/SpisyFF_389-2010-1_8.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El léxico gitano en la lexicografía española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T08:56:35.183" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T08:56:35.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28341" CreationDate="2019-01-15T21:57:31.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia a las personas con el nombre &lt;strong&gt;Guillermo&lt;/strong&gt; se les dice cariñosamente &lt;strong&gt;Memo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hasta donde sé &lt;strong&gt;Memo&lt;/strong&gt; no se usa en el registro de nacimiento (o nombre de pila ) de una persona.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nunca se usa con el significado de tonto ni tiene connotaciones peyorativas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es también posible escuchar (aunque poco) la palabra &lt;strong&gt;memo&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a a un &lt;strong&gt;memorando&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo es el presentador colombo-argentino residente en Colombia y conocido artísticamente en la televisión colombiana como &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memo_Orozco_(humorista)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Memo Orozco&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Memo&lt;/strong&gt; es similar en su uso en Colombia a otras palabras para llamar cariñosamente o en diminutivo a las personas: &lt;strong&gt;Pacho&lt;/strong&gt; a los que se llaman &lt;strong&gt;Francisco&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Pepe&lt;/strong&gt; a los que se llaman &lt;strong&gt;José&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Chavela&lt;/strong&gt; a las que se llaman &lt;strong&gt;Isabel&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Lupe&lt;/strong&gt; a las que se llaman &lt;strong&gt;Guadalupe&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Humor:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Si en inglés &lt;strong&gt;Bill&lt;/strong&gt; es el diminutivo de &lt;strong&gt;William&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;William&lt;/strong&gt; se traduce en español como &lt;strong&gt;Guillermo&lt;/strong&gt;, y si además la palabra en inglés &lt;strong&gt;gates&lt;/strong&gt; se traduce al español como &lt;strong&gt;puertas&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces si &lt;strong&gt;Bill Gates&lt;/strong&gt; hubiese nacido en Colombia sería &lt;strong&gt;Memo Puertas&lt;/strong&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-18T07:13:21.893" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T07:13:21.893" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28353" CreationDate="2019-01-16T00:58:33.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence &quot;Debe actuar ahora&quot; (&lt;em&gt;You must/have to act now&lt;/em&gt;) is in the present indicative, not in the imperative mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be the imperative mood: &quot;Actúe ahora.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the effect of &quot;Debe actuar ahora&quot; is imperative. It sounds a bit less forceful than the imperative mood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &quot;ahora&quot; or &quot;ahora mismo&quot;, &quot;ya&quot; or &quot;ya mismo&quot; can also be used, which might sound slightly more urgent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T00:58:33.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28360" CreationDate="2019-01-16T03:49:28.977" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sabayón&lt;/em&gt; (or &lt;em&gt;sambayón&lt;/em&gt;) is an Italian dessert composed by eggs (only the yellow part), sugar and wine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was searching and at least in Argentine and Uruguay the two terms are correct. In the rest of South America, are the two terms accepted or is any of the terms more accepted than the other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="614" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T10:05:11.500" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T13:14:25.193" Title="Is the term &quot;sambayón&quot; accepted everywhere?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;comida&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28349" CreationDate="2019-01-16T07:55:36.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vamos a repasar toda la información de la que disponemos. Empezando por el NTLLE, vemos que la primera aparición en el DLE es en 1970:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;longui (hacerse el).&lt;/strong&gt; fr. fig. y fam. Hacerse el distraído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta interesante que muy cerca en el diccionario aparezca lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;longuiso.&lt;/strong&gt; (Del lat. &lt;em&gt;longus&lt;/em&gt;, apartado, lejano.) m. &lt;em&gt;Germ.&lt;/em&gt; Hombre cobarde, longares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;longares.&lt;/strong&gt; (De &lt;em&gt;alongar&lt;/em&gt;.) m. &lt;em&gt;Germ.&lt;/em&gt; Hombre cobarde, longuiso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curioso caso de definiciones que se referencian la una a la otra, aunque da igual porque ambas palabras no aparecen ya en el DLE. Estas dos palabras bien podrían haber dado &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt;, sobre todo como apócope de &lt;em&gt;longuiso&lt;/em&gt;, dado que una situación muy normal para &lt;em&gt;hacerse el longuis&lt;/em&gt; es cuando no te atreves a salir voluntario para algo que te acobarda hacer. Así que de momento &lt;em&gt;el listo que todo lo sabe&lt;/em&gt; parece que lleva las de ganar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busquemos en el CORDE a ver qué encontramos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No se haga el longui, amigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel Hernández, &quot;Quién te ha visto y quién te ve y sombra de lo que eras. Auto sacramental&quot;, 1934 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y en la hemeroteca:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El timado se hizo el «longui», y, siguiendo al estafador, lo mandó detener apenas&#xA;  halló á su paso el primer guardia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Imparcial (Madrid). 6/5/1910, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese que vamos ya por 1910, y entonces se usaba la palabra entrecomillada, buen síntoma de que la palabra era, por entonces, de reciente cuño o no muy extendida. También se encuentran casos de personajes apodados &quot;el Longui&quot;, como el del siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Era el tal&lt;/em&gt; Longui &lt;em&gt;avisador del teatro, y para los que no estén avisados de lo&#xA;  que es un avisador diré que es el&lt;/em&gt; corre, ve y tráeme &lt;em&gt;de los artistas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El que quiera enterarse de los secretos misteriosos de entre bastidores, feliz mortal que no sepa nada de esto, que convide al&lt;/em&gt; Longui &lt;em&gt;y el&lt;/em&gt; Longui &lt;em&gt;le introducirá en el escenario y le enterará así de lo que por allí ocurre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por esos mundos (Madrid). &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003157625&amp;amp;page=19&amp;amp;search=%22el%20longui%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1/12/1908, página 19.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hubo un torero hacia 1900, Manuel Casado, apodado &quot;El Longuis&quot;. Y todavía encuentro un caso más antiguo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Micaela se hacía la longui cuando se tocaba al asunto, y la muchacha no osaba desacatar las órdenes de la abuela, dura y sostenida para lo que no era de su gusto.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Alhambra (Granada). &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004293662&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=longui&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;15/11/1901, página 4.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y del mismo año:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tío José se cansó en balde, pregunta va pregunta viene, y en vista de que «tos» se coscaban y hacían los&lt;/em&gt; longuis &lt;em&gt;sin querer dar luz sobre la «custión», bajó al día siguiente á la ciudad y dio parte de lo «sucedió».&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Alhambra (Granada). &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0004291972&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;search=longuis&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;30/6/1901, página 6.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo menos de momento sabemos que la expresión tiene más de un siglo. Continuemos con el &lt;em&gt;Fichero general&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE... y no hay suerte. Hay 22 fichas para el término &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt; pero ninguna da pista alguna sobre su origen. Y cómo no, el diccionario etimológico abreviado de Corominas no incluye la voz &lt;em&gt;longui&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acabándoseme las opciones, me dirijo al &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=longui&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1850&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Clongui%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Blongui%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BLongui%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngram&lt;/a&gt;, pero según el diagrama la expresión surgió a partir de 1900, siendo los casos anteriores correspondientes a otros usos de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: el uso de la palabra aparece alrededor de 1900, y todo parece indicar que sea una forma apocopada de &lt;em&gt;longuiso&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;hombre cobarde&quot;. El ejemplo de Micaela de 1901 parece confirmarlo ya que habla de una muchacha que se hacía &quot;la longui&quot; por no atreverse a desacatar las órdenes de su abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, encuentro algunos casos de la misma época, pero no tengo claro si se usan de la misma manera, porque aparece como interjección en una revista militar (&quot;La Nación militar&quot;). Los dejo aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Longuis, se ha creído toda mi charla: si supiera él que es producto&#xA;  de la uña... ¡me mataba!&lt;/em&gt; (1909)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Lo adivinaba, que me lleve cinco pelas pa entre los dos disfrutarlas; en fin que toos esos líos eran porque deseabas una juerguecita, ¡longuis! pus dilo asi sin...&lt;/em&gt; (1904)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/48522783#48522783&quot;&gt;podría argumentar&lt;/a&gt; que igual se usa como sinónimo de &quot;tonto&quot;, y encajaría con el uso actual de &quot;hacerse el longui&quot; como &quot;hacerse el tonto&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tonto, se ha creído toda mi charla...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que nos lleva al siguiente texto, el más antiguo que encuentro y a la vez el que más me desconcierta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Que qué es ser &lt;em&gt;vivo&lt;/em&gt;? ¡Ay que gracia!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues nada; no ser un &lt;em&gt;méndigo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y tener &lt;em&gt;pupila&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;taçto&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  educación, &lt;em&gt;lao&lt;/em&gt; izquierdo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;labia&lt;/em&gt; para las mujeres&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y &lt;em&gt;coba&lt;/em&gt; para to el género&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  humano, &lt;em&gt;ú&lt;/em&gt; lo que es lo mismo,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ser un &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt; distinguiendo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y no ser un &lt;em&gt;primo&lt;/em&gt;, más&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que cuando convenga serlo [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La Nación militar. &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003268169&amp;amp;page=6&amp;amp;search=longuis&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;13/8/1899, n.º 33, página 6.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo a qué se refiere cuando dice que &quot;ser vivo&quot; es &quot;ser un longuis distinguiendo&quot;. Puede que sea simplemente que hay que distinguir cuándo hay que hacerse el tonto y cuándo no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tampoco tengo claro si la palabra se usa con el mismo significado en un texto que habla sobre personas que remitieron a un diario las soluciones exactas de unos pasatiempos publicados el día anterior. La mayoría firman con seudónimos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Han remitido soluciones exactas:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;A la charada:&lt;/em&gt; Julia Mango y Mata, [...]. Un galerino en el polo, Los de Belchite y el Charco, Un aciertacharadístico, Higinio Estébanez, Mariano Martínez, Dos&#xA;  longuis, Anacleto Llama, [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El Heraldo de Madrid. &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000414998&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=longuis&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;18/2/1894, página 3.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este es el caso más antiguo que he encontrado hasta el momento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T08:40:03.350" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T08:40:03.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28358" CreationDate="2019-01-16T10:04:48.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;DAMER suggests it is only used in Argentina and Uruguay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=sambay%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sambayón&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (Del it. &lt;em&gt;zabaione&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. &lt;em&gt;Ar, Ur.&lt;/em&gt; Crema elaborada con yemas de huevo, vino y azúcar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It probably has to do with its Italian origins and people from this country emigrating to both Argentina and Uruguay, but not the rest of South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T13:14:25.193" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T13:14:25.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28363" CreationDate="2019-01-16T16:09:25.480" Score="4" ViewCount="1533" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cabe resaltar que tanto el término &lt;em&gt;falacia&lt;/em&gt; al igual que el término &lt;em&gt;paralogismo&lt;/em&gt; se encuentran haciendo referencia a un razonamiento inválido&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HVXQdUl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falacia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Engaño, fraude o mentira con que se intenta dañar a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=RrH0kiu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paralogismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Razonamiento falso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20955" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T22:44:36.303" Title="¿Cual es la diferencia entre los terminos Falacia y Paralogismo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28362" CreationDate="2019-01-16T16:30:48.873" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues sin ser experto en filosofía, me gustaría destacar una importante diferencia que ya aparece en la definición del DRAE de ambos términos (que @Diego ha incluido en tu pregunta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RrH0kiu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paralogismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Razonamiento falso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HVXQdUl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falacia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  1. f. &lt;strong&gt;Engaño&lt;/strong&gt;, fraude o mentira con que se intenta &lt;strong&gt;dañar&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Hábito de emplear falsedades en &lt;strong&gt;daño&lt;/strong&gt; ajeno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicha diferencia también se aprecia en la definición de ambos términos en la Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralogismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paralogismo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;Un paralogismo es un argumento o razonamiento&#xA;  inválido, que se plantea &lt;strong&gt;sin una voluntad de engaño&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falacia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falacia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  En lógica, una falacia (del latín: fallacia, ‘&lt;strong&gt;engaño&lt;/strong&gt;’) es un argumento&#xA;  que parece válido, pero no lo es. Algunas falacias se cometen&#xA;  intencionalmente &lt;strong&gt;para persuadir o manipular a los demás&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece que ambas fuentes coinciden en que la principal diferencia estriba en la intencionalidad de causar perjuicio o daño que conlleva la falacia y que está ausente del paralogismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto no quiere decir que toda falacia implique engaño. Ambas palabras pueden emplearse para denominar el mismo concepto pero mientras que paralogismo es neutra, falacia tiene matices negativos. Además falacia es mucho más amplia pues es sinónimo de engaño y mentira, cosa que no cumple paralogismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, si nos limitamos al marco de los razonamientos o argumentaciones, creo que el uso de falacia está mucho más extendido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T22:44:36.303" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T22:44:36.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28365" CreationDate="2019-01-16T18:51:48.330" Score="4" ViewCount="3056" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can make sense of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gusta (a mi) - it gives me pleasure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the expression &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me da bien -- I'm good at it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;doesn't make sense to me due to the presense of &quot;se&quot;. If it was &quot;me da bien&quot;, I'd understand it. With &quot;se&quot; it seems that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;I(!)&lt;/strong&gt; give to it ...&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &quot;se&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How does the expression translate literaly?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20966" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T20:04:40.437" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T10:06:43.320" Title="&quot;se me da bien&quot; -- why &quot;se&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;verbo-pronominal&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28364" CreationDate="2019-01-16T19:19:43.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the pronomial verb form (often called reflexive, which is apparently a subtype of pronomial) &lt;code&gt;darse&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally, you could translate &quot;&lt;strong&gt;(esto) se me da bien (a mi)&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as &lt;code&gt;It *gives itself* to me well&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20162" LastEditorUserId="20162" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T23:10:13.413" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T23:10:13.413" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28364" CreationDate="2019-01-16T23:14:39.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could literally translate &quot;Se me da bien&quot; as &quot;it Blooms to me&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the expresion indicates that you are good doing it; that you can get it to it's best in a easy way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Sorry for bad english)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20969" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T23:14:39.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28364" CreationDate="2019-01-17T00:12:27.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se me da(to me),se les da (them)etc... is always referred to the capability of someone of doing some activity. That &quot;se&quot; is there just to make the verb reflexive (Darse bien/mal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20970" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T00:12:27.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-17T04:37:42.513" Score="5" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estoy escribiendo un ensayo en el que critico cómo unos editores modificaron la ortografía de un fragmento, creyendo que estaban actualizando la ortografía del texto, y al hacerlo arruinaron el significado del fragmento completamente. No sé con qué palabra nombrar esta clase de actos bienintencionados que terminan mal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20936" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T06:27:41.207" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T06:35:39.880" Title="¿Cuál es la palabra que se refiere a cuando uno cree que está haciendo el bien mientras en realidad está haciendo el mal?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1504" CreationDate="2019-01-17T06:05:08.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the expression too in other meanings when you have the confidence to joke referring that you recently wash your genitals. Ex.&#xA;In case a person arrives and it is evident that took a shower before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Te la bañaste. &#xA;  B: You have clean parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amazement and/or admiration when people do difficult stuff. Ex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Te la bañaste con la presentación. B: Awesome report!.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some synonymous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te la rajaste.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te la rifaste.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te la aventaste buena.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Te la mamaste (This has multiple meanings).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20972" LastEditorUserId="20972" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T06:11:18.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T06:11:18.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28369" CreationDate="2019-01-17T08:13:43.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante cuestión. Para empezar la ronda de respuestas y a falta de una opción mejor, yo propongo &lt;em&gt;desafortunado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CNPnZdH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desafortunado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Carente de fortuna.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Desacertado, inoportuno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puedes ver, también valdría &lt;em&gt;desacertado&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CL11mz0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desacertado, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del part. de &lt;em&gt;desacertar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que yerra u obra sin acierto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción &quot;carente de fortuna&quot; para &lt;em&gt;desafortunado&lt;/em&gt; entiendo que usa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=IHQ5l0O&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fortuna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de &quot;suerte favorable&quot; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HGAP1jB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;éxito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;buena aceptación&quot;), lo que convierte un acto desafortunado en algo que pretendía tener fortuna (éxito, buena aceptación, se entiende que con buena intención), pero no la ha tenido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T08:13:43.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10029" CreationDate="2019-01-17T08:31:16.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Sudamérica, &lt;em&gt;Safety&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la seguridad industrial o laboral (accidentes, enfermedades ocupacionales), mientras que &lt;em&gt;Securite&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la protección contra riesgos intencionales (robos, hurtos, sabotajes, espionaje).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El personal de seguridad y/o higiene industrial desarrolla el &lt;em&gt;safety&lt;/em&gt;, mientras que los policías, investigadores, vigilantes o agentes de vigilancia desarrollan el &lt;em&gt;security&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20973" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T09:31:15.497" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T09:31:15.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28369" CreationDate="2019-01-17T09:27:07.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaríamos hablando de un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CVw8sf6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desatino&lt;/a&gt;, de un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DQ4TgJy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despropósito&lt;/a&gt;, de una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QKKCXBU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;necedad&lt;/a&gt;, de una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SxvzhuK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pifia&lt;/a&gt;, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S33P1kX#BPZfTIH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pasarse de listo&lt;/a&gt;, de &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=D1vo9eX%7CD1w6We5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desgraciar&lt;/a&gt; el texto... Sin entrar en las más habituales, aunque no más acertadas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=a1WOOYo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tontería&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=H2ZTc2O&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estupidez&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=6c5i5sA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cagada&lt;/a&gt;, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si queremos suavizarlo un poco, podemos llamarlo una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=O2Jhl8o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;malhadada&lt;/a&gt; equivocación, un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=CL6G2tA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desacierto&lt;/a&gt;, una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=76UgiU7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cándida&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM#8arje3S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metedura de pata&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podemos tirar de expresiones populares y decir que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=RcmAvfa#7Q7Rn2M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;han hecho un pan como unas hostias&lt;/a&gt;, o que estamos ante el nuevo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecce_Homo_de_Borja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cristo de Borja&lt;/a&gt; de la literatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T09:27:07.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28364" CreationDate="2019-01-17T10:06:43.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have choosen a tricky one there. It's a complex verb and a complex structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BrtRK35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  22. tr. Hacer sufrir un golpe o daño. Dar un bofetón, un tiro. U. t. c. intr. Dar DE bofetones, DE palos.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ... &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  49. &lt;strong&gt;prnl&lt;/strong&gt;. Dicho de una cosa: Suceder, &lt;strong&gt;existir&lt;/strong&gt;, determinar. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Se da el caso. En circunstancias dadas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se me da bien&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we've got the &lt;strong&gt;49&lt;/strong&gt; meaning. &lt;strong&gt;prnl&lt;/strong&gt; indicates that it's a &lt;strong&gt;pronominal verb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The grammatical term &quot;pronominal&quot; means &quot;relating to a pronoun,&quot; so&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;pronominal verbs require a reflexive pronoun&lt;/strong&gt;. They’re often&#xA;  incorrectly referred to as reflexive verbs, when in fact the latter&#xA;  are just one type of pronominal verb. The defining characteristic of&#xA;  pronominal verbs is that their subjects are acting upon themselves.&#xA;  Pronominal verbs are much more common in Spanish than in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What sets pronominal verbs apart from non-pronominal verbs is that&#xA;  pronominals must be conjugated with a reflexive pronoun, which&#xA;  always agrees with the subject. {&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lawlessspanish.com/grammar/verbs/pronominal-verbs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As noted in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edu.xunta.gal/centros/iesfranciscodavinarey/system/files/USOS+DE+SE.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; text - originally in Spanish -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; - Es un morfema al servicio exclusivo de la significación del&#xA;  verbo; forma parte del verbo - &lt;em&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt; - y juntamente con él&#xA;  constituye el núcleo del predicado. &lt;strong&gt;Su supresión es imposible o cambia&#xA;  el significado del verbo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[English] &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; - It's a morpheme &lt;strong&gt;exclusively&lt;/strong&gt; related to the verb&#xA;  meaning; it's a part of the verb - &lt;em&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/em&gt; - and them both&#xA;  form the nucleus of the predicate. &lt;strong&gt;It's removal is not possible&#xA;  because it may change the meaning of the verb.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated above, if you have just&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me da bien&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you got a different meaning. Probably &lt;strong&gt;22&lt;/strong&gt; [see D.R.A.E above] in its &lt;strong&gt;intr&lt;/strong&gt; [intransitive] meaning because there is no object in that phrase, it's not the usual &quot;dar/give&quot; meaning because nothing is being given explicitly. That sentence lacks information, it's not complete for a native speaker. I tend to fill it in my head as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me da bien [para el pelo]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, an &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21078/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-origen-de-la-expresi%C3%B3n-dar-para-el-pelo&quot;&gt;idiom&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most accurate translation of: I'm good at it&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;in Spanish is: (Yo) soy bueno en ello&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that it's practically a word-by-word translation. It seems that you're trying to compare &quot;I'm good at it&quot; with &quot;Se me da bien&quot;, two completely different phrases. They've got practically the same meaning but they are constructed differently. In the Spanish version the subject is &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt;, the thing that I master, and that subject is omitted while the subject in the English version is &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; and the pronoun &lt;strong&gt;it&lt;/strong&gt; is present as a complement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's reorder the phrase: (Ello) dáseme bien&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;where&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;(Ello) - it - subject omitted&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;dáse - verb&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;me (a mí) - to me&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;bien - well &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This reordered version is percieved as archaic, it's more or less how Spanish were spoken centurys ago but you can see that all the elements are present in your original version.&#xA;I've not found an idiomatic version in English, it should be something like &lt;em&gt;it's my forte&lt;/em&gt; (suggested by Mv Log in the English Learners Site)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it - subject&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;is - verb&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;my - particle that establish the relation with me&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;forte - positive characteristic&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope all this text helps you to understand the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T10:06:43.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="34434" CreationDate="2019-01-17T11:08:19.420" Score="6" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba oí la frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;compré pan con moringa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También, el uso de la palabra ‘moringa’ como un adjetivo para describir a una persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando pregunté sobre el significado, todo el mundo se rió pero no me lo explicó. ¿Puede ser que tenga un significado un poco grosero?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: como contexto, oí la frase por primera vez en Santiago de Cuba un día poco después de la Navidad, cuando había un escasez de los panecillos normales en la cuidad debido a que se escaseaba la harina. Compré una barra de pan blanco con forma de cilindro plano con extremos puntiagudos y mi amigos la llamaron ‘pan con moringa’. Volví a preguntárles el significado algunas veces pero aparte de las risas nunca me lo explicaron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19375" LastEditorUserId="19375" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T20:20:46.683" LastActivityDate="2020-04-10T21:09:35.503" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;pan con moringa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;cuba&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14887" CreationDate="2019-01-17T12:50:50.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por intuición: en portugués tiene el sentido de &lt;em&gt;ciertamente&lt;/em&gt;, que debió ser el sentido original en castellano. Sucede que en muchas frases de este tipo puede alcanzar un sentido de causalidad y tal vez tuviese lugar una deriva semántica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20975" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T21:51:00.477" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T21:51:00.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28378" CreationDate="2019-01-17T13:24:05.683" Score="5" ViewCount="1317" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana oyendo las noticias, comentaban algo sobre una compañía que tenía las acciones a &quot;veintisiete con ochenta y cuatro dólares&quot; (no recuerdo la cantidad exacta), y me surgió la duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, ¿cómo se leería &quot;19,95 €&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diecinueve coma noventa y cinco euros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diecinueve con noventa y cinco euros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diecinueve euros con noventa y cinco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diecinueve noventa y cinco&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No le pongo moneda a la última fórmula porque nunca la he oído con moneda, pero sí de manera habitual tal cual la he puesto, pronunciando solo las cantidades sin ningún elemento que haga de nexo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la correcta? ¿Qué otras opciones correctas hay aparte de esa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T14:39:32.723" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T15:07:14.017" Title="¿Cómo se leen los precios?" Tags="&lt;números&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28377" CreationDate="2019-01-17T13:52:44.643" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría que los precios, al ser números decimales, siguen la misma regla que estos, por lo que aplicaría la respuesta a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/4159/12637&quot;&gt;How to read a decimal number in Spanish?&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, echo en falta allí lo que dice la RAE al respecto, que es &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=UMRQsgKNRSbdyazz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo siguiente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando los números se expresan con palabras, debe mencionarse primer la parte entera y después la decimal, unidas ambas por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; o por la preposición &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;. Así, el número 20,58 [...] corresponde a la expresión &lt;em&gt;veinte (unidades o enteros) y cincuenta y ocho (centésimas)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo esta norma, las formas válidas de expresar ese mismo número si fuera un precio serían (usando las unidades españolas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Veinte euros y cincuenta y ocho céntimos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Veinte euros con cincuenta y ocho céntimos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso, al entenderse que al hablar de un precio las unidades están claras según el país que corresponda, valdría también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Veinte con cincuenta y ocho.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me suena bien &quot;veinte y cincuenta y ocho&quot; en este caso. Continúa la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] es también habitual leer simplemente la secuencia de signos de que se componen; así, no es infrecuente formular oralmente el decimal 2,5 o 2.5 como &lt;em&gt;dos coma cinco&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;dos punto cinco&lt;/em&gt;; y 7,08 o 7.08 como &lt;em&gt;siete coma cero ocho&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;siete punto cero ocho&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me parece más propio del ámbito científico más que del económico. No recuerdo haber oído a nadie decir &lt;em&gt;siete coma cero ocho euros&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;em&gt;siete [euros] con ocho&lt;/em&gt; a lo sumo (y todavía a veces mi mente piensa que &lt;em&gt;siete con ocho&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;em&gt;siete euros y ochenta céntimos&lt;/em&gt;). Pero sí, también sería válido decir &lt;em&gt;diecinueve coma noventa y cinco euros&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;diecinueve punto noventa y cinco&lt;/em&gt; según el país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a tu última propuesta, me recuerda un poco a esa costumbre de comerse algunas preposiciones, como en &quot;ponme un bocata mortadela&quot;. En este caso sería una omisión de la preposición &lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt; en &lt;em&gt;diecinueve noventa y cinco&lt;/em&gt;, aunque si te fijas no valdría para números grandes: &lt;em&gt;mil novecientos noventa y nueve noventa y cinco&lt;/em&gt; suena un tanto caótico si no especificas dónde está la separación decimal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T15:07:14.017" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T15:07:14.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28379" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-17T17:44:44.867" Score="6" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estoy intentando usar BING TRANSLATE sin éxito.  Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Toda buena dádiva y todo don perfecto es de lo alto, que desciende del Padre de las luces, en el cual no hay mudanza, ni sombra de variación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Yo soy un giftee&amp;quot;. ¿Cuál es la palabra para &amp;quot;giftee&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recipient of a gift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;‘certificates can be sent to you or directly to the &lt;strong&gt;giftee&lt;/strong&gt;’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/giftee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/giftee&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T16:50:41.860" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;giftee&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28379" CreationDate="2019-01-17T20:37:26.357" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The challenge here could be what we want to consider a gift, and what is the appropriate context to choose from a term over another. I could not find in Spanish a term describing &quot;The recipient of a &lt;strong&gt;gift&lt;/strong&gt; - and just a &lt;em&gt;gift&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of using the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; (like in &quot;I am gifted&quot;) you would say in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He recibido un regalo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He recibido un don&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could be better for you context since a &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=E7db2Hk%7CE7fKGDe&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;don&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Dádiva, presente o regalo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Gracia especial o habilidad para hacer algo. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which could open another possibility (that does not apply to your context) since &quot;I am gifted&quot; could be translated as &quot;he recibido un regalo/don&quot; but also as &quot;tengo un don&quot; (I have a special gift/talent for this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other &quot;honorable mentions&quot; for word which can imply &quot;One who receives a gift.&quot; could be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QoiYYE9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Obsequiado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agasajar a alguien con atenciones, servicios o regalos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=E7xI90n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;donatario&lt;/a&gt; (which would apply more in a legal context)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Persona a quien se hace la donación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=17ShAGE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agraciado&lt;/a&gt; Even if the dictionary entries don't seem to apply, the meanings of &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=17VtGWm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;agraciar&lt;/a&gt; make it possible that you say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He sido &lt;strong&gt;agraciado&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt; I have been granted a grace/gift&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and you convey that you received &quot;gracia divina&quot; (divine grace) or you have been granted &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; (a &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JOCFpLb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;gracia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;/grace), which would convey very well your message and apply to your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-17T21:50:53.950" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T21:50:53.950" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28379" CreationDate="2019-01-18T01:54:44.550" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si la pregunta consiste en cuál es la traducción de:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I am a giftee&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en un contexto general, no legal, me inclinaría por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy un &lt;strong&gt;beneficiario&lt;/strong&gt; (generalmente por haber recibido algo material).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soy un &lt;strong&gt;agraciado / favorecido&lt;/strong&gt; (generalmente por haber recibido algo inmaterial).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No me parece que &quot;obsequiado&quot; sea una traducción correcta para referirse al receptor de un obsequio. En el contexto de un festejo, podemos hablar de &quot;agasajado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En un contexto religioso, donde el obsequio sería un talento o una gracia divina, podemos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estoy &lt;strong&gt;bendecido&lt;/strong&gt; (por Dios). (O inclusive: Soy un &lt;strong&gt;elegido&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-19T16:50:41.860" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T16:50:41.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27628" CreationDate="2019-01-18T07:52:54.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respecto a tu segunda pregunta, &lt;strong&gt;la palabra &quot;término&quot; no es apropiada&lt;/strong&gt; para lo que tú refieres. &quot;Non sequitur&quot;, &quot;per se&quot; o &quot;ceteris paribus&quot; (por nombrar algunos ejemplos) son locuciones latinas. &lt;strong&gt;El término más apropiado, entonces, es locución.&lt;/strong&gt; De hecho, si buscas &quot;alma mater&quot; en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas, encontrarás que éste lo clasifica como una locución latina (abreviado loc. lat.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alma máter. 1. &lt;strong&gt;Loc. lat.&lt;/strong&gt; que significa literalmente ‘madre nutricia’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En cuanto a la pronunciación, lamento decirte que depende&lt;/strong&gt;. En ciertos contextos, es ampliamente aceptado que las locuciones latinas se castellanicen, es decir, su escritura y pronunciación se hace bajo las reglas del español. Por ejemplo, la RAE recomienda el uso de &quot;Ibídem&quot; en lugar de &quot;Ibidem&quot;. Así, en tu caso, se pronunciaría &quot;Non sekitur&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, en otros contextos (generalmente académicos), se considera apropiado respetar la pronunciación, escritura y morfología de las locuciones latinas. En estos casos, el uso de &quot;Non sekuitur&quot; sería aceptado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saludos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T07:52:54.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27628" CreationDate="2019-01-18T11:15:54.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario, las locuciones latinas están actualmente recogidas en cursiva: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1x85zCG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;alma mater&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (sin tilde), &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=QbGMtW4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;non plus ultra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xy5vzMe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sine die&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=b8YCkJJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;urbi et orbi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UpQTlt9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;quid pro quo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... Al menos, ese es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/los-extranjerismos-y-latinismos-crudos-no-adaptados-deben-escribirse-en-cursiva&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;criterio actual&lt;/a&gt;, aun cuando hace años pudiese ser distinto (resalto en negrita el criterio actual y en cursiva el anterior):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según se establece en la nueva edición de la ortografía, &lt;strong&gt;las locuciones latinas&lt;/strong&gt; [...] &lt;strong&gt;deben recibir el mismo tratamiento ortográfico que las provenientes de cualquier otra lengua&lt;/strong&gt;. Por lo tanto, &lt;em&gt;aunque hasta ahora se recomendaba escribirlas en redonda y con las tildes resultantes de aplicarles las reglas de acentuación del español&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;deben escribirse&lt;/strong&gt;, de acuerdo con su carácter de expresiones foráneas, &lt;strong&gt;en cursiva (o entre comillas) y sin acentos gráficos&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que estos no existen en la escritura latina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cualquier caso, esto quiere decir que se aceptan como &lt;strong&gt;extranjerismos crudos&lt;/strong&gt;, y &lt;strong&gt;su pronunciación ha de ser acorde a la del idioma original&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/que-contiene/tratamiento-de-los-extranjerismos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tratamiento de los extranjerismos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Extranjerismos necesarios o muy extendidos.&lt;/strong&gt; Son aquellos para los que no existen, o no es fácil encontrar, términos españoles equivalentes, o cuyo empleo está arraigado o muy extendido. Se aplican dos criterios, según los casos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;   &lt;strong&gt;2.1. Mantenimiento de la grafía y pronunciación originarias.&lt;/strong&gt; Se trata de extranjerismos asentados en el uso internacional en su forma original, como &lt;em&gt;ballet&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;blues&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;jazz&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;. En este caso se advierte de su condición de extranjerismos crudos y de la obligación de escribirlos con resalte tipográfico (cursiva o comillas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo sucede con otros términos extranjeros como: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=An3ZN2Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;copyright&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YErlG2H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=608tuXd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;boutique&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=BEyRnAk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;in crescendo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;... que en español se pronuncian, aproximadamente: &lt;code&gt;/copiruáit/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/sófguer/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/butík/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/in creschéndo/&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/representacion-de-sonidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;representación de sonidos según la RAE&lt;/a&gt;).&#xA;Y lo mismo pasa en inglés con palabras traídas del español que mantienen su pronunciación, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/adios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;adios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo aún diría más: aun siendo una locución muy conocida, lo cierto es que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=non%20sequitur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;non sequitur&lt;/em&gt; no está recogida en el diccionario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ni como locución ni como extranjerismo ni nada. Por tanto, técnicamente, estaríamos introduciendo en la conversación una expresión en otro idioma, y como tal debe pronunciarse en su idioma original: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;/non sekuitur/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al uso de &amp;quot;término&amp;quot; para referirse a una locución: habitualmente, &amp;quot;término&amp;quot; se usa significando una sola &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZZ0hKcs#MWL7SfA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palabra&lt;/a&gt;, sin embargo gramaticalmente también es válido usarlo para referirse a un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZZ0hKcs#SQO3wsj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;segmento sintáctico&lt;/a&gt;: un grupo de palabras que actúan como una sola.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;En este caso, por tanto, creo que &lt;strong&gt;es correcto decir &amp;quot;el término &lt;em&gt;non sequitur&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, puesto que &lt;em&gt;non sequitur&lt;/em&gt; funciona como una única palabra (de hecho no es posible dividirlo ni reordenarlo manteniendo el sentido de la oración en que se encuentre).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T11:49:59.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28379" CreationDate="2019-01-18T18:59:45.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo diría:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo soy el que recibió el regalo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O más simplemente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Soy el recipiente de un regalo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta palabra &quot;giftee&quot; tiene mucho que ver con la cultura angloparlante y por eso un poco difícil de traducir a una palabra en el castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T18:59:45.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28393" CreationDate="2019-01-19T05:46:40.863" Score="2" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;De Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_principal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ideales principales&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consideremos el anillo (matemáticas) &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;. Entonces el conjunto de todos&#xA;los múltiplos de 3 es el ideal principal generado por 3, puesto que un&#xA;entero n es múltiplo de 3 precisamente cuando existe un número entero&#xA;k tal que n=3k.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ideal &lt;strong&gt;no tiene por qué ser&lt;/strong&gt; siempre principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debe ser &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;no tiene que ser&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, ¿verdad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T16:24:00.870" Title="¿Es esta frase correcta en español o es una mala traducción de una computadora? &quot;Un ideal no tiene por qué ser siempre principal&quot;" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28392" CreationDate="2019-01-19T07:09:08.340" Score="5" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, the possessive determiners &lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vuestro&lt;/em&gt; have 4 forms, depending on gender and number. However, gender variation has disappeared in other determiners, &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt; (number variations survived, as &lt;em&gt;mis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sus&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparing French which preserved the gender variation for singular persons, e.g. &lt;em&gt;mon&lt;/em&gt; (m. sg.) and &lt;em&gt;ma&lt;/em&gt; (f. sg.), while merged genders in the plural form (there's only one &lt;em&gt;mes&lt;/em&gt;). Italian pretty well kept them all, offering &lt;em&gt;il mio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la mia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;i miei&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;le mie&lt;/em&gt;, and identical variations for &lt;em&gt;tuo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;suo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nostro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vostro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unified form for plural (gender-independent) in French, &lt;em&gt;mes&lt;/em&gt;, appears like a result of a merge. But how did Spanish &quot;merge&quot; the genders of possessive determiners for singular persons (i.e. &lt;em&gt;mi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;su&lt;/em&gt;), while keeping it for &quot;nosotros&quot; and &quot;vosotros&quot; versions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-19T09:05:23.837" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T12:55:26.577" Title="How does Spanish keep gender for 1st/2nd plural person possessive determiners, while dropping it elsewhere?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28391" CreationDate="2019-01-19T09:47:13.703" Score="5" ViewCount="2078" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14627/pablodf76?tab=profile&quot;&gt;el perfil de nuestro insigne usuario argentino pablodf76&lt;/a&gt; me encontré con un párrafo muy sugestivo para mí, que estoy en el otro lado del océano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nacido, criado y viviendo en Rosario, provincia de Santa Fe, región litoral de Argentina, 300 km antes de que el río Paraná se vuelque al océano. Dialecto rioplatense con eses tan aspiradas que ya ni aliento les queda. &lt;strong&gt;Digo &lt;em&gt;poroto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pimiento&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;pororó&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;costeleta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;praliné&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Hablo inglés, portugués brasileño, cachitos de japonés y de alemán.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas de las palabras las conozco, pero supuse que si las menciona es porque su uso dialectal es diferente del estándar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En particular, me gustó &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt;. El DRAE incluye tres entradas:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8wiBgJJ|8wku5re&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dle.rae.es/?id=8wiBgJJ|8wku5re&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;choclo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. soccŭlus.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. chanclo (‖ sandalia de madera o suela gruesa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;choclo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del quechua choccllo.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Arg., Bol., Chile, Col., Ec., Par. y Perú. Mazorca tierna de maíz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Arg. y Col. humita (‖ comida criolla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego el DAMER dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=GAlycWG7Cx0AquBNvD9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;choclo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. (&lt;code&gt;Del quech. chuqllu, mazorca de maíz&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  I.  1.  m. Co:O,SO, Ec, Pe, Bo, Ch, Py, Ar, Ur. Mazorca tierna de maíz.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ec, Ch, Py. Maíz tierno desgranado, crudo o cocido.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  II. 1.  m. Ar. Cosa que resulta larga o pesada, especialmente un discurso o una materia de estudio. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ur. Relato exagerado o falso de un hecho. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  III.    1.  m. Ar. Cantidad grande de algo. pop.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  IV. 1.  m. Ec. p.u. Diente de una persona.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  V.  1.  Pa. chocolón, hoyuelo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ▶   desgranar el ~; estar ~.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me quedo especialmente con la entrada propia de Argentina: _II. 1.  m. Ar. Cosa que resulta larga o pesada, especialmente un discurso o una materia de estudio. pop. _.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿a qué se refiere el uso dialectal de &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt; en Rosario, Argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(Lógicamente estaréis pensando que por qué narices no le pregunta a Pablo directamente. Bueno, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28279/does-preguntar-need-a-pronoun-in-spanish/28335#comment49091_28335&quot;&gt;lo hice&lt;/a&gt;, pero así lo aprendemos todos :) )&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2020-10-30T18:03:16.657" Title="¿Qué es &quot;choclo&quot; en el rioplatense de Rosario, Argentina?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28283" CreationDate="2019-01-19T09:56:17.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay quien sostiene que tiene posible origen distinto. De &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.minoriadeunosolo.es/2016/06/de-donde-viene-el-nombre-de-la-braga-de.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿De dónde viene el nombre de la &quot;Braga de cuello&quot; o &quot;Braga militar?&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Viene de la reducción de &quot;Briaga&quot; que era el nombre que recibía la maroma gruesa de esparto que se usaba para sujetar el pie de la uva al prensarla. Parece ser que esta cuerda se llamaba así porque siempre acababa empapada del mosto, por lo que se refería a ella como &quot;la borracha&quot; (&quot;ebriaca&quot;, del adjetivo latino &quot;ebrius&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habida cuenta que la &lt;em&gt;braga&lt;/em&gt; que tratamos aquí es una &lt;em&gt;Prenda de abrigo similar a una bufanda cerrada, pero de tejido más fino&lt;/em&gt;, se parece en buena medida a lo que se define arriba. Es decir, una prenda que envuelve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, y sin tener documentos que lo acrediten, a mí me da la sensación que por algún tipo de error esta palabra se está relacionando con la etimología incorrecta y probablemente debería aparecer junto a la segunda entrada de la palabra en el DRAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T09:56:17.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28389" CreationDate="2019-01-19T12:35:17.500" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mi mención de &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt;, como las de las otras palabras, tiene que ver con delimitar mi dialecto (cosa que no suele importar mucho pero sí importa en este foro). La palabra &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt; para designar a la mazorca de maíz tiene, como se ve, una distribución que sigue aproximadamente la antigua esfera de influencia del imperio inca o Tawantinsuyu, cuya capital estaba en Cuzco, Perú. Ni Paraguay ni Uruguay fueron nunca parte de este imperio pero evidentemente la palabra llegó allí por difusión de zonas cercanas. En esta región tuvo mucha influencia léxica el tupí-guaraní (que hasta hoy es lengua co-oficial en Paraguay) y los nativos cultivaban el maíz, pero las palabras que usaban para designarlo no pasaron al castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En mi dialecto rioplatense local (y quizá en otros), además de significar &quot;mazorca de maíz&quot;, &lt;em&gt;un choclo&lt;/em&gt; es, como dice el DLE, una materia de estudio muy densa o un discurso largo y pesado (a veces en aumentativo: &lt;em&gt;un choclazo&lt;/em&gt;). Este uso probablemente se esté perdiendo en las nuevas generaciones, a las cuales, ay, no pertenezco. No conozco el origen de este significado. Si se trata de cosas escritas, este &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt; parece similar (y suena también muy parecido) a &lt;em&gt;tocho&lt;/em&gt;, que por lo que veo se usa en España y refiere a una pila grande de papeles o a un libro muy grande y pesado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir que digo &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt; no delimita demasiado mi región, ya que es el uso habitual en casi todo el Cono Sur. Otras palabras hacen ese trabajo: por ejemplo, al marcar que digo &lt;em&gt;pororó&lt;/em&gt; (palabra de origen guaraní) me coloco al norte de una línea imaginaria que me separa de los hablantes rioplatenses (como los de Buenos Aires) que dicen mayoritariamente &lt;em&gt;pochoclo&lt;/em&gt; (palabra construida sobre la base del quechua &lt;em&gt;choclo&lt;/em&gt;). El pororó o pochoclo son palomitas de maíz; &lt;em&gt;pochoclo&lt;/em&gt; refiere al maíz, mientras que &lt;em&gt;pororó&lt;/em&gt; remite al ruido que producen los granos de maíz al estallar (de ahí proviene también la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pororoca&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pororoca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T12:35:17.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28388" CreationDate="2019-01-19T12:55:26.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no mystery here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st person singular: the Latin forms &lt;em&gt;meus, mea&lt;/em&gt; evolved somewhat irregularly to the Spanish emphatic forms &lt;em&gt;mío, mía&lt;/em&gt; (it seems likely that there were for a while a competing form with an ascending diphthong: &lt;em&gt;mió&lt;/em&gt;) and their plurals were formed regularly. When unstressed, as is the case always before a noun phrase, these forms lost their final vowels. This has been extremely common in Spanish historically.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd person singular: Latin &lt;em&gt;tuus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;tua&lt;/em&gt; gave old Spanish &lt;em&gt;tó, túa&lt;/em&gt;, which apparently were reshaped by analogy with &lt;em&gt;cuyo&lt;/em&gt; (from Latin &lt;em&gt;cuius&lt;/em&gt;) for their emphatic forms: &lt;em&gt;tuyo, tuya&lt;/em&gt;, with the insertion of a glide between the vowels in hiatus. The unstressed forms, as with the 1st person, lost their final vowels and finally settled on &lt;em&gt;tu&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 1st and 2nd person plural possessive pronouns, on the other hand, didn't undergo any analogical changes. They evolved regularly from the Latin forms &lt;em&gt;nostrum&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vostrum&lt;/em&gt; (plus their feminine forms in &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt;), giving &lt;em&gt;nuestro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vuestro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T12:55:26.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28387" CreationDate="2019-01-19T16:24:00.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;OP no pregunta sobre la diferencia entre &quot;por qué&quot;, &quot;porque&quot;, &quot;porqué&quot; y &quot;por que&quot;, sino que no entiende &lt;strong&gt;la diferencia entre: &lt;em&gt;no tiene por qué ser&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;no tiene que ser&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe una diferencia fundamental de sentido: mientras que &quot;no tiene por qué ser siempre principal&quot; indica que no hay motivo o razón para que sea siempre principal (o sea, que &lt;strong&gt;puede no ser principal&lt;/strong&gt;), &quot;no tiene que ser siempre principal&quot; es ambiguo: si &quot;no tener que&quot; indica falta de necesidad u obligación, entonces se parece a &quot;no tiene por qué ser siempre principal&quot;, PERO si &quot;no tener que&quot; se interpreta como obligación negativa, entonces el significado es totalmente diferente, algo así como que existe una prohibición respecto de que sea siempre principal. Veamos cómo funciona en un contexto más concreto que la matemática:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tienes por qué vestirte siempre así (&lt;strong&gt;no hay motivo&lt;/strong&gt; para que lo hagas).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tienes que vestirte siempre así (&lt;strong&gt;puedes no&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No tienes que vestirte siempre así (&lt;strong&gt;no debes&lt;/strong&gt; hacerlo).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-01-19T16:24:00.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28395" CreationDate="2019-01-19T19:51:08.297" Score="2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entre las múltiples definiciones que proporciona el Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE) sobre el termino teología, el principal lo describe como &quot;ciencia&quot;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/srv/search?id=9S42XokhcDXX2tkbwMCW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;teología&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Ciencia que trata de Dios y de sus atributos y perfecciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20955" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T14:36:34.393" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T14:36:34.393" Title="¿Por qué el DRAE afirma que la teología es una ciencia?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2019-01-19T20:33:09.043" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No me parece que haya ninguna contradicción, si consideramos la definición de &quot;ciencia&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9AwuYaT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ciencia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. scientia.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de conocimientos obtenidos mediante la observación y el razonamiento, sistemáticamente estructurados y de los que se deducen principios y leyes generales con capacidad predictiva y comprobables experimentalmente.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Saber o erudición. &lt;em&gt;Tener mucha, o poca, ciencia. Ser un pozo de ciencia. Hombre de ciencia y virtud.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Habilidad, maestría, conjunto de conocimientos en cualquier cosa. &lt;em&gt;La ciencia del caco, del palaciego, del hombre vividor.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. Conjunto de conocimientos relativos a las ciencias exactas, físicas, químicas y naturales.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá del respeto que me merece la teología, hasta las &quot;ciencias ocultas&quot; son definidas como tales en la misma entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ciencias ocultas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. pl. Prácticas y conocimientos misteriosos, como la magia, la alquimia, la astrología, etc., que, desde la antigüedad, pretenden penetrar y dominar los secretos de la naturaleza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T08:47:38.570" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T08:47:38.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28399" CreationDate="2019-01-20T00:48:03.330" Score="9" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;El vocabulario del español suelen tener un origen mayoritariamente 'europeo' (latín, griego, lenguas celtas, germanas...), con un aporte significativo del árabe, de las lenguas americanas y un menor aporte del resto del mundo... pero esta pregunta va enfocada a las palabras de un origen africano, y no precisamente de dialectos del árabe. ¿Existen palabras cuya etimología se describa como africana antes del siglo XX? ¿Cuáles son esas palabras?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-20T13:27:19.013" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:31:03.727" Title="¿Cuáles son las palabras de origen africano con mayor antigüedad en español?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28396" CreationDate="2019-01-20T08:32:36.460" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra más antigua de origen africano que ha llegado directamente al español (sin pasar a través de otros idiomas, como el árabe, francés, etc.) que he encontrado es  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=OQ0djjf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;marimba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De or. africano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. f. Especie de tambor que se usa en algunas partes de África.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. f. Instrumento musical en que se percuten listones de madera, como en el xilófono.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. f. &lt;em&gt;Am&lt;/em&gt;. Instrumento musical en que se percuten con un macillo blando tiras de vidrio, como en el tímpano.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;en el diccionario de &lt;strong&gt;Salvá (1846)&lt;/strong&gt; y en el DRAE (1869).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T16:58:33.050" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T16:58:33.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23951" CreationDate="2019-01-20T11:30:26.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Costa Rica usamos esos dos términos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alverjas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;petit pois (del francés)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arvejas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;guisantes&lt;/em&gt; se entienden pero se usan poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20985" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-20T20:23:47.290" LastActivityDate="2019-01-20T20:23:47.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28396" CreationDate="2019-01-20T12:22:28.557" Score="7" Body="&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Word&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;First appearance&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Etymology&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1495, Nebrija&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;via Late Latin &lt;em&gt;cattus&lt;/em&gt;, ultimately of African origin (possibly Berber).&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girafa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1516, Nebrija&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;from Italian &lt;em&gt;giraffa&lt;/em&gt;, from Arabic زَرَافَة‎ (&lt;em&gt;zarāfa&lt;/em&gt;), probably of African origin; of the same family as Egyptian &lt;em&gt;sr&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;giraffe&amp;quot;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mondongo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1604, Palet&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Banana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1706, Stevens&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;of Wolof origin.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marimba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1721, Bluteau&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;of Bantu origin.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ñame&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1817, RAE&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;of West African (possibly Kongo) origin. Possibly related to Fulani &lt;em&gt;nyame&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cachimba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1846, Salvá&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;via Portuguese &lt;em&gt;cacimba&lt;/em&gt;, from Bantu &lt;em&gt;cazimba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chimpanzé&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;1853, Gaspar y Roig&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;derived from an unspecified Bantu language of Angola, comparable to Vili &lt;em&gt;ci-mpenzi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Spanish_words_of_African_origin&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T17:31:03.727" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T17:31:03.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-20T19:44:07.230" Score="4" ViewCount="2273" Body="&lt;p&gt;My boyfriend is Spanish. He's been messaging another girl constantly and he has said 'guapa' to her quite a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I confronted him about this, he said that 'guapa' does mean &quot;pretty&quot;/&quot;beautiful&quot; but that all Spanish people use it in a generic way and he doesn't actually mean to call her beautiful. Is that so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can 'guapa' be used in a friendly way only? Or does using it imply some kind of hitting on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20986" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T10:06:04.940" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T09:23:40.023" Title="Can 'guapa' be used in a friendly way?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28404" CreationDate="2019-01-20T23:29:22.613" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding of Spanish grammar from studying Spinelli and Kendris’ &lt;em&gt;500 Spanish Verbs&lt;/em&gt; is that the subjunctive mood is required when 1) the subject changes between clauses and 2) one of the clauses contains an expression that is contrary-to-fact.  There are other reasons that require the subjunctive but my questions concern the two reasons I’ve stated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This English sentence,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“There is nothing in that report that I had not already known.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe, can be expressed in Spanish in either of these two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«No hay nada en ese informe que no había supiera ya.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«No hay nada en ese informe que no había sabido ya.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these examples, &lt;em&gt;No hay nada&lt;/em&gt; is contrary to fact and &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;, the subject of the first clause is different from the implied subject, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, of the second.  Thus, one might say there are two reasons to use the subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first Spanish sentence uses the imperfect subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt; with the past perfect indicative of &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt;, while the second uses that same auxiliary verb with the past participle of &lt;em&gt;saber&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With only &lt;em&gt;supiera&lt;/em&gt;, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«No hay nada en ese informe que no supiera ya.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which I believe in English is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“There is nothing in that report that I did not already know.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There doesn’t seem to me to be any difference in the two English sentences as to &lt;strong&gt;nothing in the report was unknown to the speaker before he examined the report&lt;/strong&gt;, or said another way, &lt;strong&gt;he knew everything that was in the report before he read it&lt;/strong&gt;, but perhaps there are subtle differences in the three Spanish versions? Which is correct, and why?  Or, perhaps none is correct, and if so, how are these English sentences best expressed in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20860" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T12:04:36.567" Title="Can past perfect indicative be an alternative to imperfect subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28400" CreationDate="2019-01-21T00:42:21.763" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure, &quot;guapa&quot; is a friendly way to speak with anybody. But I think only when they have had a long friendship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20990" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T09:27:56.410" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T09:27:56.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28402" CreationDate="2019-01-21T01:23:19.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a native speaker of English, but I find the use of the past perfect in “There is nothing in that report that I had not already known” very strange, since a past perfect verb is usually employed with reference to another verb in the simple past. Maybe you can clear that up, but anyway this is a question about Spanish and what you're trying to express seems clear enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the speaker has &lt;strong&gt;not yet&lt;/strong&gt; examined the report but &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; knows what it contains, s/he could say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay nada en ese informe que yo no sepa ya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the verb in the subordinate clause, &lt;em&gt;sepa&lt;/em&gt;, is in the subjunctive mood, present tense, agreeing with the main verb, &lt;em&gt;hay&lt;/em&gt;. Everything is present tense because things are &lt;strong&gt;now&lt;/strong&gt; in the report and the speaker wants to express his/her &lt;strong&gt;current&lt;/strong&gt; knowledge of those things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the speaker has &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; examined the report and confirmed his/her suspicion that it contains nothing new, s/he can shift the whole sentence to the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No había nada en ese informe que yo no supiera ya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This emphasizes the (past) fact that the report has been examined. Implicitly it tells the hearer that the speaker has picked up the report, read it, closed it and left it again where it was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the main verb can remain in the present even in this case; it's just a subtle change of focus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No hay nada en ese informe que yo no supiera ya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the subordinate verb is in the past tense, the implication is that the report has already been examined by the speaker, but the speaker chooses to focus on his/her foreknowledge of the report, instead of on the fact that s/he has already read it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could conceivably say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No había nada en ese informe que yo no hubiera sabido ya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this sounds a bit awkward and unnatural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T12:04:36.567" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T12:04:36.567" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28400" CreationDate="2019-01-21T11:04:08.610" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?w=guapa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guapa&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, in its more common sense, means &quot;pretty&quot;, beautiful&quot; and it is indeed used as a compliment. As such, it can be used in several ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be used in a friendly way. I myself use it with my female friends now and then just to cheer them up, especially when first greeting them:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(FRIEND)—¡Hola walen! Dile a tu mujer que ayer se dejó aquí el chaquetón. (ME)—¡Hola guapa! Claro, se lo diré. ¡Gracias!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (FRIEND)—Hi walen! Tell your wife she left her coat here yesterday. (ME)—Hi pretty! Sure, I'll tell her. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;In this sense, it is maybe akin to &quot;honey&quot;, as in &quot;Hi honey!&quot;, though I'm not sure if that's considered &quot;friendly&quot; either in e.g. US culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be used in a neutral way, i.e. literally tell someone that she is beautiful:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué tal me queda este vestido? —Muy bien, estás muy guapa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —How do I look in this dress? —Very good, you look beautiful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—No sé si pasaré la audición. —Seguro que sí: eres guapa, cantas realmente bien... Se pelearán por ti.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  — I don't know if I'll pass the audition. —Sure you'll do: you're beautiful, you sing really good... They'll fight over you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;(Notice that we say &quot;estás guapa&quot; to mean someone &lt;em&gt;looks&lt;/em&gt; beautiful, or &quot;eres guapa&quot; to mean someone &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; beautiful.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And of course, it &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be used to hit on someone:  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡Hola! ¿Qué hace una chica tan guapa aquí sola?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Hi! What's such a beautiful girl doing here all alone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—Ayer estabas muy guapa, no se me va tu imagen de la cabeza.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —You looked very beautiful last night, I can't get your image out of my head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to answer your question: &lt;strong&gt;yes, &quot;guapa&quot; &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be used in a friendly way, but that is not the only way it is used.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, the intention behind a compliment is kind of outside the scope of this forum.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T09:23:40.023" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T09:23:40.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28349" CreationDate="2019-01-21T22:51:55.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En estos dos artículos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://minerva.usc.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10347/3550/pg_399-404_verba5.pdf?sequence=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Latín y el Humor en la Lengua Coloquial&lt;/a&gt; de Enrique Montero, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/paremia/pdf/021/005_aguilar.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Neologismos fraseológicos como palabras diacríticas en las locuciones en español&lt;/a&gt; de Manuel Agular, se sugiere que &lt;em&gt;longuis&lt;/em&gt; surge como un juego humorístico de imitación de palabras de apariencia culta, agregando para ello una desinencia latina. Según el primero, vendría de &quot;dar largas&quot; o &quot;pasar de largo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sería lo mismo que ha ocurrido (según esos investigadores) con otras palabras que terminan en -is, como &lt;em&gt;pompis&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;mutis&lt;/em&gt;, y con otras terminaciones aparentemente latinas, como &lt;em&gt;tetamen&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;de chipendi&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T22:57:44.290" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T22:57:44.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28402" CreationDate="2019-01-22T00:39:34.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was writing a comment to add to Pablo's explanation but, as it was too long, I decided to turn it into an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with @pablodf76 on all counts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to what he clearly explained, I think the reason for the awkwardness of &lt;em&gt;No había nada en ese informe que yo no &lt;strong&gt;hubiera sabido&lt;/strong&gt; ya&lt;/em&gt; is similar to the awkwarness of &quot;had known&quot; in &lt;em&gt;There was nothing in that report that I had not already known&lt;/em&gt;. I think in both cases the past simple would be preferred in the subordinate clause because the verb &quot;know&quot; (just as &quot;saber&quot;) is usually stative and durative, as opposed to &quot;get to know&quot; or &quot;learn&quot; (&quot;enterarse&quot; in Spanish), which suggests a more punctual action that would take us to that previous moment and make the past perfect justifiable. Compare:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No había nada en ese informe que yo no &lt;strong&gt;supiera&lt;/strong&gt; ya. (I &lt;strong&gt;knew&lt;/strong&gt; everything the report said.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In English: There was nothing in that report that I &lt;strong&gt;did not already know&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No había nada en ese informe de lo que yo ya no me &lt;strong&gt;hubiera enterado&lt;/strong&gt;. (I &lt;strong&gt;had learnt/got to know&lt;/strong&gt; everything the report said.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In English: There was nothing in that report that I &lt;strong&gt;had not already discovered/learnt about&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T00:39:34.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28814" CreationDate="2019-01-22T09:27:33.923" Score="8" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anoche a nuestro hijo mayor le dio por interesarse por las especias, así que saqué unos cuantos botes de especias y se los di a oler para ver si los olores le gustaban o no. Bromeando dije que habíamos hecho una &quot;cata olfativa&quot;, y ya me surgió la duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7srabDf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la &quot;acción y efecto de catar&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=7ujKcvv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;catar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;captāre&lt;/em&gt; 'coger', 'buscar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Probar, gustar algo para examinar su sabor o sazón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, una cata implica examinar un &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WtqKHWN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabor&lt;/a&gt; (sensación producida en el órgano del gusto), pero no un olor. Así que pregunto, ¿existe algún término usado para una &quot;cata olfativa&quot; en la que lo que se examine sean olores?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T11:10:56.407" Title="¿Existe algún sustantivo específico para las &quot;catas olfativas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1672" CreationDate="2019-01-22T12:47:22.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta aceptada no es exacta del todo. Concretamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] &quot;hace frío&quot; o &quot;hace sol&quot;. ¿Es lo mismo con la temperatura?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sí, es lo mismo&lt;/strong&gt;. Usando el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; de manera impersonal, &lt;strong&gt;es correcto decir &quot;hace 10 grados&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Uv3zo00r8D6awkUI8u&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer(se).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Para expresar circunstancias meteorológicas &lt;strong&gt;o los grados de temperatura atmosférica&lt;/strong&gt;, así como cuando se utiliza con expresiones temporales para referirse a un momento situado tanto tiempo atrás como indica el complemento, &lt;strong&gt;funciona como impersonal&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo que solo se conjuga en las formas de tercera persona del singular: &lt;em&gt;«A esa altura de la noche hacía bastante frío»&lt;/em&gt; (Benedetti &lt;em&gt;Primavera&lt;/em&gt; [Ur. 1982]); &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Fuera hace 50 grados bajo cero»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Ortega &lt;em&gt;Artículos&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1917-33]); &lt;em&gt;«Hace dos días ha amanecido loco furioso»&lt;/em&gt; (Prada &lt;em&gt;Hora&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1979]). En todos estos casos, es impropio hacer concordar el verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; en plural cuando es plural el complemento: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;«De día hacen 10 grados bajo cero»&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Tribuno&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;@&lt;/sup&gt; [Arg.] 2.99);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si es la temperatura de algo, como una persona o comida, ¿es lo mismo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a la temperatura está limitado a la temperatura atmosférica. Para los otros casos que comentas, se usan los verbos indicados en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1673/13628&quot;&gt;respuesta de Javi&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T12:47:22.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22425" CreationDate="2019-01-23T10:28:36.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este tipo de títulos se llaman &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Ortotipograf%C3%ADa_de_t%C3%ADtulos_de_publicaciones#T.C3.ADtulos_dobles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;titulos dobles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y lo correcto es que la &quot;segunda parte&quot; se escriba también con mayúscula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.2 Títulos dobles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Algunos títulos constan de &lt;strong&gt;dos partes unidas por la conjunción &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a modo de título doble, donde el segundo elemento suele servir de explicación. La segunda parte también empieza con mayúscula y la conjunción &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt; conserva la cursiva:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Bearn o La casa de muñecas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Pamela o La virtud recompensada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos que comentas deberían estar por tanto escritos así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Experiencias memorables o Cómo hacer que su marca no caiga en el olvido&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La discreción o El arte de desaparecer&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ciberstalking o Cómo hacer la vida imposible a otro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Jerry Seinfeld o El arte de forrarse tirado a la bartola&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Resiliencia o El arte de “rebotar”&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estrategia competitiva o El arte de la no guerra&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto &lt;strong&gt;no es lo mismo que un subtítulo&lt;/strong&gt;, concepto que se refiere a un &lt;a href=&quot;http://recursos.cnice.mec.es/fp/artes/ut.php?familia_id=5&amp;amp;ciclo_id=1&amp;amp;modulo_id=1&amp;amp;unidad_id=130&amp;amp;menu_id=1554&amp;amp;pagina=&amp;amp;pagestoyen=12&amp;amp;submenu_id=3696&amp;amp;ncab=10&amp;amp;contadort=12&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;título secundario&lt;/a&gt;, que complementa al principal y se escribe habitualmente bajo este. Nótese que el subtítulo se define como un título en sí mismo, no como parte de uno.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La diferencia entre título doble y subtítulo es que el título doble es un único título formado por dos frases u oraciones, mientras que el subtítulo es un título separado que complementa al título principal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-23T10:40:33.233" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T10:40:33.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-23T12:00:59.873" Score="8" ViewCount="1723" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este y muchos otros &lt;em&gt;stacks&lt;/em&gt;, es relativamente habitual en respuestas largas incluir los ejemplos y citas en sus respectivos bloques, lo cual a veces &quot;rompe&quot; el párrafo en el que se encuentran.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, si yo escribo: &lt;em&gt;«Esto no rompe el párrafo.»&lt;/em&gt;, no rompo el párrafo, y continúo con una coma y en minúscula como en cualquier otro texto. Sin embargo, si en lugar de comillas y cursiva decido usar un bloque de cita y escribo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto sí rompe el párrafo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;, sí rompo el párrafo, y es aquí donde me surge la duda: &lt;strong&gt;¿es correcto esto que acabo de hacer, de continuar con coma y minúscula escribiendo &lt;em&gt;«, sí rompo ...»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  (igual que en el ejemplo previo a este escribí &lt;em&gt;«, no rompo ...»&lt;/em&gt;)? ¿O, por el contrario, el hecho de romper artificialmente el párrafo obliga a comenzar en mayúscula, y por tanto debería haber escrito &lt;em&gt;«Sí rompo»&lt;/em&gt; aunque esté continuando la misma oración que comencé antes del bloque?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya que estamos, tampoco es raro encontrarse casos en los que ni siquiera se usan los dos puntos para introducir el bloque, escribiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;algún ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y siguiendo como si tal cosa. ¿Es correcto esto también?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué normas de puntuación y mayúsculas se aplican en estos casos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T14:07:13.000" Title="Puntuación al &quot;romper&quot; un párrafo con una cita o ejemplo" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28413" CreationDate="2019-01-23T13:22:34.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer, debe introducirse por un signo de dos puntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del artículo del DPD en &lt;em&gt;dos puntos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2a3yRXFBiD6rvDOMtq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dos puntos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Usos lingüísticos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.3. Preceden a la reproducción de citas o palabras textuales, que deben escribirse entre comillas e iniciarse con mayúscula (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=BapzSnotjD6n0vZiTp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayúsculas&lt;/a&gt;, 3.3c): &lt;em&gt;Ya lo dijo Ortega y Gasset: «La claridad es la cortesía del filósofo»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De esta entrada extraemos el hecho de que toda reproducción de las que mencionas debe introducirse por dos puntos y cursiva/comilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, dados los textos de tu pregunta, este es correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si en lugar de comillas y cursiva decido usar un bloque de cita y escribo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto sí rompe el párrafo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este incorrecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... para introducir el bloque, escribiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;algún ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y debería escribirse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... para introducir el bloque, escribiendo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algún ejemplo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a cómo escribir &lt;em&gt;tras&lt;/em&gt; la cita, eso no está pautado explícitamente, pero el hecho que la cita sea un frase completa, con sus signos de puntuación, hace que todo lo que venga a continuación deba ser considerado una frase nueva, de ahí que yo optaría por empezar por mayúscula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T13:22:34.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28413" CreationDate="2019-01-23T14:07:13.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincido con &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28414/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de @fedorqui&lt;/a&gt;, pero además te voy a poner una captura de pantalla de la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE para que veas cómo trata este tema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQe14.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQe14.png&quot; alt=&quot;Gramática&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como verás, los bloques de comentario en la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; equivalen a los párrafos indentados. Siempre se preceden por dos puntos, y el texto continúa después con una nueva frase, dado que las citas terminan siempre con un punto (si cortas la cita antes de que termine la frase, se suele añadir al final &quot;[...].&quot;). Sin embargo, si la cita es sin romper el párrafo, sí se puede continuar la frase después, como se ve en la imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En ciertos contextos, admite paráfrasis con &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nada más que&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;no más que&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;Dicen que por las noches / nomás se le iba en un puro llorar&lt;/em&gt; (Obando, &lt;em&gt;Paraíso&lt;/em&gt;), es decir 'nada más que en llorar'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso se usa texto en cursiva para delimitar la cita, el cual la RAE prefiere antes que las comillas, que se reservan para los casos en los que la cursiva no es posible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T14:07:13.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28416" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-23T14:40:56.400" Score="2" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español el punto cardinal &lt;strong&gt;oriente&lt;/strong&gt; también se le llama &lt;strong&gt;este&lt;/strong&gt; y el punto cardinal &lt;strong&gt;occidente&lt;/strong&gt; también se le llama &lt;strong&gt;oeste&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el Diccionario de la Real Academia, si se busca &lt;strong&gt;oriente&lt;/strong&gt; lo remite a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;este&lt;/strong&gt; y si se busca &lt;strong&gt;occidente&lt;/strong&gt; lo remite a la palabra &lt;strong&gt;oeste&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta es ¿cuál es la historia u origen para que esos 2 puntos cardinales tengan 2 palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T18:15:57.390" Title="¿Cuál es la historia de las 2 palabras para los puntos cardinales oriente/este y occidente/oeste?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;geografía&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-23T17:47:26.597" Score="2" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me fascinan los usos menos conocidos de &lt;em&gt;doblado&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;pudor&lt;/em&gt;, ambas en el Diccionario de la Real Academia Española:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=E2BYhia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;doblado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6. m. Accidente que acometía a los limpiadores de letrinas, cuando el tufo que se levantaba de estas los dejaba sin sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=UZQokxM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pudor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. desus. Mal olor, hedor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si aparecen en el DLE es porque existe algún documento escrito que las avale. Pero siendo voces en desuso, y muy posiblemente ya infrecuentes en su época, me ha sido imposible dar con muestras de su empleo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ambas contar con otros significados de empleo corriente, el CREA y del CORDE dan resultados muy abultados o que no tienen relación con mi búsqueda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a “doblado”, pese a no haberme sido posible encontrarlo aplicado, el siglo XIX cuanta con múltiples salidas en otros diccionarios, todas muy similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;El Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana que comprende la última edición íntegra, muy rectificada y mejorada, del publicado por La Academia Española (Salvá, 1846)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accidente que acomete á los mozos de la limpieza, cuando limpian una letrina, así que empiezan á revolver la porquería, y los deja tendidos como difuntos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diccionario enciclopédico-mejicano del idioma español (Busto, 1884)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Med. especie de asfixia que suele acometer á los que se dedican a limpiar letrinas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diccionario popular universal de la lengua española: artes, biografía, ciencias, historia, geografía, literatura y mitología (de Ramón, 1887):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accidente que suele acometer á los que limpian una letrina, al empezar á revolver la porquería, que es una especie de asfixia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21008" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T15:13:17.867" Title="&quot;Doblado&quot; y &quot;pudor&quot;" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28416" CreationDate="2019-01-23T18:15:57.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta rápida desde el móvil:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los vocablos este y oeste nos vienen del francés &lt;em&gt;est&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ouest&lt;/em&gt; respectivamente, al igual que otros términos marítimos como estribor de &lt;em&gt;(es)tribord&lt;/em&gt; y babor de &lt;em&gt;babord&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por otra parte, oriente y occidente vienen del latín: &lt;em&gt;oriens, orientis&lt;/em&gt; significando más o menos &quot;lugar por donde nace (el sol)&quot;, &lt;em&gt;occidens, occidentis&lt;/em&gt; &quot;lugar por donde cae&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En literatura y documentos formales lo normal era usar el derivado latino, pero en comercio lo normal era usar los términos marinos. Ninguno de los dos desplazó al otro y por eso hoy tenemos dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T18:15:57.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28417" CreationDate="2019-01-24T09:41:07.377" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sobre &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pudor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: es palabra latina que etimológicamente nunca ha significado otra cosa que &quot;vergüenza&quot;, como atestiguan casi todos los diccionarios de antes de mitad del s. XIX. No es hasta el SALVÁ de 1846 que aparece esta otra acepción, y además nos da una pista de su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T9CrO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T9CrO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PUDOR&lt;/strong&gt;. [...] ant. HEDOR. &lt;em&gt;Putor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya entonces se recogía como acepción antigua, y parece que la explica como proveniente del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/putor#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;putor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (significado que &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=putor&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ya recogía Nebrija&lt;/a&gt;) pero alterando la pronunciación, imagino que tras un proceso natural de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debilitamiento&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;debilitación&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;/t/&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;/d/&lt;/code&gt;, aunque también podría ser por el parecido con &quot;pudrir&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La verdad es que cuadra bastante, sin embargo apenas ningún otro diccionario del XIX (ni del XX, ya que estamos) recoge esa acepción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El ZEROLO de 1895 incluye otras dos palabras relacionadas con ella:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/es0ap.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/es0ap.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo no reconoce la propia &lt;em&gt;pudor&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;hedor&quot;, y ningún otro diccionario posterior recoge tampoco estas nuevas palabras con ese significado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto al &lt;em&gt;Diccionario&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE, &lt;strong&gt;no es hasta 1970 que se incluye en el DLE la acepción de marras&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uz8dM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uz8dM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte y como curiosidad, he incluido en el recorte el &lt;em&gt;pudio&lt;/em&gt; que salía en ZEROLO, pero solo para mostrar que según el DLE se refiere única y exclusivamente a un tipo de pino (cosa que la RAE venía afirmando desde la edición de 1899, contemporánea con aquel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La verdad es que no comprendo la inclusión de esta acepción de &lt;strong&gt;pudor&lt;/strong&gt; en esta edición: un uso testimonial de una palabra latina mal pronunciada, que ya 125 años antes se reconocía como uso anticuado y que no se encuentra en ninguna obra escrita en español (¡ni siquiera diccionarios!) en los últimos cinco siglos... ¯\_(ヅ)_/¯  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero bueno, &lt;strong&gt;ya que pides usos&lt;/strong&gt; (o, al menos, entiendo que eso es lo que pides; te recomiendo que atiendas a los comentarios de los moderadores), &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?MfcISAPICommand=buscar&amp;amp;tradQuery=1&amp;amp;destino=1&amp;amp;texto=pudor&amp;amp;autor=&amp;amp;titulo=&amp;amp;ano1=&amp;amp;ano2=1600&amp;amp;medio=1000&amp;amp;pais=1000&amp;amp;tema=1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;en el CORDE hay varios&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aunque &lt;em&gt;todos&lt;/em&gt; (menos uno, que parece transcripción de un texto más antiguo) anteriores al s. XVI.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es como si la publicación del diccionario de Nebrija en 1495, asociando &lt;em&gt;pudor&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;vergüenza&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;putor&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;olor malo&lt;/em&gt;, hubiese hecho recapacitar a los escribientes y hubiesen dejado de usarla con ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;strong&gt;doblado&lt;/strong&gt;, veo que ya tienes localizada la aparición en diccionarios, y que son ejemplos lo que te faltan. Es cierto que en este caso es más complicado hallarlos, pues es una palabra mucho más común que &lt;em&gt;pudor&lt;/em&gt;. Algunos consejos para encontrar ejemplos:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buscar la palabra en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/fichero.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fichero de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; si no lo has hecho ya. En estas fichas se suele indicar la obra en la que se ha encontrado la palabra registrada, y eso te puede ayudar a localizar ejemplos. (Aviso: las primeras cien fichas te las puedes saltar, pues ya las he revisado yo y ninguna corresponde al significado que comentas.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/ayuda_c.htm#_Toc30228235&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;operador DIST en el CORDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para encontrar usos de &lt;em&gt;doblado&lt;/em&gt; que aparezcan cerca de otras palabras relacionadas con ese significado, como &lt;em&gt;letrina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;asfixia&lt;/em&gt; o quizá &lt;em&gt;olor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buscar en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, quizá tengas más suerte.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDITO&lt;/strong&gt;: He encontrado la &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_D/LETRA_D_PDF/DOBLADO/00000390.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ficha con la definición que comentas&lt;/a&gt; [PDF] aunque, lamentablemente, no hace referencia a ninguna obra en concreto. Pero también he encontrado algunas otras como &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_D/LETRA_D_PDF/DOBLADO/00001518.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_D/LETRA_D_PDF/DOBLADO/00001566.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; que recogen usos en el sentido de &quot;enfermo, débil&quot;; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/FICHERO/FICHERO/LETRA_D/LETRA_D_PDF/DOBLADO/00001548.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta otra&lt;/a&gt; que lo define como &quot;inclinado&quot;. En general diría que el uso de &quot;doblado&quot; aplicado a los desmayos de los limpiadores de letrinas, vendría a ser una mezcla de todos estos sentidos, que seguramente se ha perdido ya, aunque hoy en día se sigue diciendo &quot;estar doblado&quot; o &quot;quedarse doblado&quot; cuando a uno le sobreviene un dolor fuerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-29T15:13:17.867" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T15:13:17.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28421" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-24T11:43:30.793" Score="7" ViewCount="890" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi estudio de latín, una forma que uso para aprender el significado de palabras en latín es relacionarlas con el significado de palabras relacionadas (derivadas) en español. Afortunadamente, son muchas las que están relacionadas. Empero, algunas lo están de forma menos evidente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta tiene que ver con el verbo en latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/emo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo significado más común es &quot;comprar&quot;. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/comprar#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/a&gt;, el verbo español &quot;comprar&quot; viene del latín &lt;em&gt;comparare&lt;/em&gt;, que significa &quot;comparar&quot; (y derivó en el verbo homonimo en español). ¿Hay alguna palabra en español derivada del verbo &lt;em&gt;emo&lt;/em&gt;, con un significado relacionado al del latín? No puedo pensar en ninguna.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18793" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T12:29:59.677" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T08:43:45.470" Title="¿Qué palabras se derivan del verbo en latín &quot;emo, emere&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28421" CreationDate="2019-01-24T12:08:06.737" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No parece haber ninguna palabra derivada directamente del latín &lt;em&gt;emo, emere&lt;/em&gt;, pero sí que hay alguna de derivados suyos. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=U1UcgqD&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Premio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, derivada de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/praemium#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;praemium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, formada por &lt;em&gt;prae-&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;antes&quot;) + &lt;em&gt;emō&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;comprar, obtener&quot;). Entiendo entonces que un &quot;premio&quot; es literalmente algo que consigues &quot;antes de tener que comprarlo&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=HFfoJkc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eximir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, derivada de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eximo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;eximo, eximĕre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, formada por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ex-#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ex-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;fuera&quot; o &quot;privación&quot;) + &lt;em&gt;emō&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;comprar, obtener&quot;). Entiendo entonces que &quot;eximir&quot; es &quot;liberar de la obligación de adquirir&quot;, tal vez.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=VYpI2LB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Redimir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, derivada de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redimo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;redimo, redimĕre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, formada por &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/red-#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;red-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;de nuevo&quot;) + &lt;em&gt;emō&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;comprar, obtener&quot;). Entiendo entonces que &quot;redimir&quot; es &quot;volver a comprar&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otras palabras que han tenido un viaje más largo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=47S4L2q&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asumir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que viene de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/assumo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;assūmō, assūmere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, este de &lt;em&gt;ad-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sumo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sūmō, sūmere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (verbo con una variedad de significados: &quot;asumir&quot;, &quot;tomar&quot;, &quot;comprar&quot;, &quot;pedir prestado&quot; y otros), y este de &lt;em&gt;sub-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;emō&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=WFYe5Ne&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resumir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, con una ruta similar: de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/resumo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;resūmō, resūmere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;reanudar&quot;, &quot;recuperar&quot;), y este de &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sumo#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sūmō, sūmere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T12:23:04.217" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T12:23:04.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28421" CreationDate="2019-01-24T13:25:21.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En adición a los ejemplos de Charlie, hay los siguientes formados con prefijos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=DnZXPOf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dimir&lt;/a&gt; ← demo ← dē- +‎ &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;(via Asturian)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(dumir)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dirimir ← dirimo ← dis- +‎ &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;perimir ← perimo ← per + &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exento ← exemptus ← eximo ←  ex- +‎ &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ejemplo ← exemplum ← eximo ←  ex- +‎ &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sumir ← sumo ← *susmō ← *sups(e)mō ← sub- +‎ &lt;strong&gt;emō&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;([asumir,] reasumir, consumir, insumir, presumir, [resumir,] subsumir)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T08:43:45.470" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T08:43:45.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28425" CreationDate="2019-01-24T16:04:58.113" Score="5" ViewCount="1105" Body="&lt;p&gt;En italiano, los sustantivos de algunas partes del cuerpo que son dos o más (orejas, dedos, brazos) son masculinos en singular, mientras que en plural pueden ser ambos masculinos o femeninos pero con significado diferente. Eso no pasa solo con partes del cuerpo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una herencia del latín donde estos sustantivos eran neutros y fueron asimilados por ambos los géneros como terminaban en &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; al plural. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estudié español durante mucho tiempo pero aún no encuentro alguno (en italiano se llaman sustantivos superabundantes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21020" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T07:32:09.317" LastActivityDate="2020-11-04T14:08:22.293" Title="¿Existen en castellano sustantivos masculinos en singular que en plural tengan los dos géneros (m y f)?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28424" CreationDate="2019-01-24T16:27:16.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hay tales palabras. El origen de la ambigüedad de estas palabras en italiano es la reinterpretación del sufijo plural &lt;em&gt;-a&lt;/em&gt; de las palabras neutras como un sufijo femenino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;n.s.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;brachium&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;m.s.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;il braccio&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;m.pl.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;i bracci&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;n.pl.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;bracia&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;f.pl.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;le braccia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano, los plurales se forman añadiendo &lt;em&gt;-[e]s&lt;/em&gt; a la palabra, así que no hay razón morfológica para cambiar de género entre singular y plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;n.s.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;brachium&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;m.s.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;el brazo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; &lt;code&gt;m.pl.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;los brazos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;n.pl.&lt;/code&gt; bracia &amp;gt; ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algo similar sí pasa con palabras femeninas que empiezan con un fonema &lt;code&gt;/a/&lt;/code&gt; tónico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;f.s.&lt;/code&gt; el agua&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;f.pl&lt;/code&gt; las aguas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero la forma &lt;em&gt;*los aguas&lt;/em&gt; no es gramatical, y prescriptivamente la forma singular es también de género femenino,  independientemente del articulo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://italian.stackexchange.com/a/9233/4183&quot;&gt;Italian language SE: &lt;strong&gt;Can a noun have two definite articles?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (section: Latin Neuter)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25868/18348&quot;&gt;Why is “agua” masculine in singular form and feminine in plural? “El agua” / “Las aguas”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="14261" LastEditDate="2020-11-04T14:08:22.293" LastActivityDate="2020-11-04T14:08:22.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4852" CreationDate="2019-01-24T17:30:21.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que las otras respuestas no están teniendo en cuenta el contexto de la expresión para la traducción. Si es una frase que estás encontrando en foros de internet, como dice el comentario de la pregunta, lo más probable es que se esté usando de modo sarcástico, y el significado real sea este mostrado en &quot;Urban Dictionary&quot;, alguien que se cree &quot;cool&quot; y &quot;hardcore&quot; pero no lo es.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=edgy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=edgy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho eso, y dependiendo de lo que sea calificado como &quot;edgy as fuck&quot;, diría que dos opciones sería &quot;guay&quot;, usado con sarcasmo, o &quot;malote&quot;, que ya lo incluye en su definición: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;He's edgy as fuck&quot; -&gt; Es un tío &quot;super guay&quot; &#xA;&quot;Dude, you are edgy as fuck&quot; -&gt; Tío, qué malote eres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: No era consciente de que &quot;malote&quot; no es una palabra registrada en el DRAE, sino que parece argot de la juventud madrileña. Podéis encontrar más informacíon aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/CLAC/article/download/60518/4564456547400&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/CLAC/article/download/60518/4564456547400&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;donde ofrecen esta definición:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;malote, malota. m. y f.&lt;/strong&gt; Persona que presume de mala, o de dura. Se aplica con&#xA;ironía a la gente que es más bien inofensiva y quiere dar imagen de mala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2676" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T17:30:21.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28429" CreationDate="2019-01-25T02:51:45.737" Score="2" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtube.com/watch?v=LMSQSUeWn8c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a recent video&lt;/a&gt;, Mike Pence, the vice president of the United States, spoke to Venezuelan people that they deserved democracy and freedom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At 1:35, Pence said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias, y &lt;strong&gt;vayan con Dios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase &lt;em&gt;vayan con Dios&lt;/em&gt; translates literally to &lt;em&gt;go with God&lt;/em&gt;, or depending on context, &lt;em&gt;may God be with you&lt;/em&gt;, but I have a few concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tense - Why use subjunctive present (instead of subjunctive imperfect or indicative present - I would have understood if either was used)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Person - Why &lt;em&gt;vaya&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;vayan&lt;/em&gt; but not &lt;em&gt;vayas&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;vayáis&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias de antemano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T03:23:45.933" Title="Cómo comprender &quot;Vayan con Dios&quot; de Mike Pence?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28428" CreationDate="2019-01-25T03:23:45.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The imperfect subjunctive doesn't make much sense.  He's giving a command (&lt;em&gt;go with God&lt;/em&gt;) and the imperfect subjunctive would mean something more akin to (&lt;em&gt;were they to &lt;sup&gt;go&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;have gone&lt;/sub&gt; with God&lt;/em&gt;) which expresses a retroactive wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indicative present doesn't make sense either: &lt;em&gt;van con Dios&lt;/em&gt; states that they are going with God presently.  That sounds like the foundation or conclusion for some other set of statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The present subjunctive is used to express a wish: &lt;em&gt;may you go with God&lt;/em&gt;.  In Modern Spanish, this wishful use of the subjunctive (called the exhortative subjunctive) was employed by the (then new) &lt;em&gt;usted(es)&lt;/em&gt; pronoun to give it a command.  So while it is technically the present subjunctive form, we would today generally consider to be the affirmative ustedes command, relegating the exhortative sense to things that are both grammatically and semantically third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Latin America, the &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; form is not used, as a result, &lt;em&gt;id&lt;/em&gt; (the &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; command) would be inappropriate for speaking to a Venezuelan audience.  And since he was speaking to the Venezuelan people, the singular forms &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vaya&lt;/em&gt; wouldn't make much sense, unless he prefaced it somehow with something like &quot;y a cada persona de Venezuela, quiero decir «ve con dios»&quot; or similar where the singular is logical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T03:23:45.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-25T05:38:51.420" Score="6" ViewCount="8737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Al parecer la misma planta lleva los dos nombres casi iguales, los dos del nahuatl. Tengo entendido que &quot;cacahuate&quot; se usa en México y &quot;cacahuete&quot; en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué ortografía es más fiel al original? ¿Cómo pasó que se confundió la vocal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14664" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T07:21:35.020" LastActivityDate="2019-11-19T17:06:15.437" Title="&quot;Cacahuate&quot; y &quot;cacahuete&quot;: ¿por qué varían?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;&lt;náhuatl&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28430" CreationDate="2019-01-25T07:25:23.270" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, según el diccionario de americanismos la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=cacahuate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cacahuate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se usa en México, Honduras y Nicaragua, mientras que la voz &lt;em&gt;cacahuete&lt;/em&gt; sería de uso en otras partes del mundo hispanohablante (en las que no se prefiera la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=man%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maní&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el mismo diccionario, la etimología proviene del nahua &lt;em&gt;tlalcacahuatl&lt;/em&gt;; de &lt;em&gt;tlalli&lt;/em&gt;, tierra, y &lt;em&gt;cacahuatl&lt;/em&gt;, cacao: cacao de tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, en un principio se podría pensar que la voz &lt;em&gt;cacahuate&lt;/em&gt; es la más fiel al original. Y así parece ser porque el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cacahuatl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikcionario&lt;/a&gt; da como pronunciación IPA [ka.ˈka.wat͡ɬ], luego no parece haber confusión al respecto de esa última vocal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta muy esclarecedor que la palabra exista en muchos idiomas europeos con esa vocal intermedia convertida a &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aragonés: cascagüet, calcagüet, cacagüet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asturiano: cacagüés.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vasco: kakahuete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Catalán: cacauet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Francés: cacahuète.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Luxemburgués: Kakuett.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gallego: cacahuete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto hace pensar que la voz ya llegó a España con la vocal cambiada. Curiosas resultan las definiciones del diccionario de Terreros y Pando de 1786:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CACAHUáTE, fruta de America, á modo de almendra, y mui ardiente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  CACAHUéTES, fruta de Indias, cuya planta sale de la tierra, y echa unas ramitas, que se doblan ácia bajo, y se encajan en la tierra misma, con ciertas vainas como espinas, dentro de las cuales está la fruta, que es sabrosa, y sana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual lo que pasó es que en España se entendían ambas palabras con distintos significados. En el CORDE se encuentra, por supuesto, la palabra &lt;em&gt;cacahuate&lt;/em&gt; en primer lugar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hay una moneda entre ellos con que venden y compran, que se llama cacahuate; es fruta de ciertos árboles muy preciados, de que hacen otro brebaje para grandes señores, que dicen ser cosa muy suavísima.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alonso Zuazo, &quot;Carta del licenciado Alonso Zuazo al padre Fray Luis de Figueroa, prior de la Mejorada&quot;, 1521 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente aparición es en 1780, también en textos de México como &lt;em&gt;cacahuate&lt;/em&gt;, y ya en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX aparece como &lt;em&gt;cacahuete&lt;/em&gt;. No parece que fuera una palabra muy conocida hasta que los comerciantes europeos la introdujeron en Europa. De hecho, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=cacahuate%2Ccacahuete&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2Ccacahuate%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcacahuate%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCacahuate%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCACAHUATE%3B%2Cc0%3B.t4%3B%2Ccacahuete%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3Bcacahuete%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCacahuete%3B%2Cc0%3B%3BCACAHUETE%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngram&lt;/a&gt; solo tiene registros de ambas voces a partir de 1800 aproximadamente, y Corominas la cita como de uso a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La variación a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cacahuete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cacahuete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, según el Wikcionario, se produjo por influencia de la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=1anBlmj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alcahuete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, presente en el español desde mucho antes de que la palabra &lt;em&gt;cacahuete&lt;/em&gt; se hiciera popular (se encuentra en textos del siglo XII).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T07:19:13.597" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T07:19:13.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28436" CreationDate="2019-01-25T13:32:19.520" Score="5" ViewCount="473" Body="&lt;p&gt;To elaborate, take the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hago &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means ‘I make my bed’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hago &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means the same. My question is are these interchangeable for all instances where the sentence goes [verb] [pronoun] [noun]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21028" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T15:31:37.543" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T21:40:03.140" Title="Possessive Pronouns- Are 'el'/'la' interchangeable with 'mi'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;posesivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28432" CreationDate="2019-01-25T14:24:36.810" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hago &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is ambiguous, as it may mean &quot;I make my bed&quot; (in which case it is equivalent to: &lt;em&gt;Hago &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; cama&lt;/em&gt;) or may be used to mean that the person makes some other bed specified in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, unlike in English, it is usual in Spanish to use the definite article instead of the possessive to mean somebody makes their own bed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, a pronoun can be used to make clear you make your own bed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; hago &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One can even hear the redundant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Yo) Me&lt;/strong&gt; hago &lt;strong&gt;mi&lt;/strong&gt; cama.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to mean that the speaker only makes his/her own bed, or makes his/her bed by him/herself. In this case it is usual to make the subject explicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'd like to clarify something after reading the other answer, mostly focused on parts of the body. When parts of the body are not involved, the use of the definite article is mainly due to the fact that the person only has one bed, or even one car: &lt;em&gt;Tengo el auto afuera&lt;/em&gt; (meaning: My car's outside.) The singular feature does not apply to parts of the body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T21:40:03.140" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T21:40:03.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28434" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28435" CreationDate="2019-01-25T14:31:34.703" Score="5" ViewCount="1101" Body="&lt;p&gt;La foto de abajo es de un texto de un libro sobre dinosaurios para niños. En una de las solapas (es uno de esos libros de abrir solapas para revelar texto) la descripción dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XMaY5m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XMaY5m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El diplodocus pesaba el triple que un macho de elefante africano. Era un herbívoro con &lt;strong&gt;cuatro patas y cinco pies&lt;/strong&gt;, igual que los elefantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leyéndosela a mi hijo, me quedé sin saber cómo interpretar esa frase. ¿&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Cuatro&lt;/strong&gt; patas pero &lt;strong&gt;cinco&lt;/strong&gt; pies&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acudir al diccionario no me sirvió de mucho. Una &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=S71hGRM%7CS72dH32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pata&lt;/a&gt; es (o debería ser), en este contexto, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Pie&lt;/strong&gt; y pierna de los animales.&quot; y el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=SwyZKJX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pie&lt;/a&gt; es &quot;En los animales, parte análoga al pie humano&quot; que a su vez es la &quot;Extremidad de cada uno de los dos miembros inferiores del cuerpo&quot;, o sea, la pierna para los humanos y la pata para los animales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No consigo lograr que esa frase tenga sentido, pues cada &lt;em&gt;pata&lt;/em&gt; debería tener su correspondiente &lt;em&gt;pie&lt;/em&gt; y solo uno. No sé si el quid de la cuestión está en los posibles significados de pie y/o pata, algo relacionado con la biología, o si es otra cosa, pero desde luego no entiendo la frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede alguien explicar el sentido de &quot;era un animal con cuatro patas y cinco pies&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-25T14:53:09.840" LastActivityDate="2019-01-26T18:24:13.480" Title="¿Cómo interpretar &quot;[animal con] Cuatro patas y cinco pies&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28434" CreationDate="2019-01-25T14:46:48.457" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que quieren decir &amp;quot;... y cinco dedos&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Elefante&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PEjGvm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PEjGvm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Elefante&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Diplodocus&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uq1R0m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uq1R0m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Diplodocus&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-26T18:24:13.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28432" CreationDate="2019-01-25T20:12:51.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a complex, yet interesting problem. Mainly, because among non-native speakers it's quite confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put it simple: Definite articles &lt;strong&gt;can be interchangeable&lt;/strong&gt; with the possessive adjective, &lt;strong&gt;but it hugely depends on the context&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As discussed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://marcoele.com/descargas/10/said-articulo_definido.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Said-Mohand (2010)&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com.mx/books/about/Gram%C3%A1tica_espa%C3%B1ola.html?id=2J4vDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;King &amp;amp; Suñer (1999)&lt;/a&gt;, in Spanish it's common to use the definite article as a possessive &lt;strong&gt;when the &quot;owner&quot; of the object can easily be inferred (contextually or using the reflexive)&lt;/strong&gt;. This is why we use the article instead of the possessive when talking about parts of the body. Look at these examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Me duele la cabeza&lt;/code&gt; translates as: &lt;code&gt;My head hurts&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;¿Sabes qué tengo en la mano?&lt;/code&gt; translates as &lt;code&gt;Do you know what I have in my hand?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as discussed in the aforementioned references, we must use the possessive when 1) we want to talk about autonomous objects and ignore whatever relation it holds with the speaker, and 2) we don't have extra information on who is the owner of the object. Look at these examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;El doctor hizo unas cuantas puntadas en su mano&lt;/code&gt; translates as: &lt;code&gt;The doctor gave him some stitches in his hand&lt;/code&gt;. In this context, the relationship between the &lt;code&gt;hand&lt;/code&gt; and the owner (&lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;) is not important, so we don't use the definite article. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tu coche está allí&lt;/code&gt; translates as: &lt;code&gt;Your car is there&lt;/code&gt;. We can't use &lt;code&gt;El coche está allí&lt;/code&gt; and still translate as &lt;code&gt;Your car is there&lt;/code&gt; because &lt;code&gt;El coche está allí&lt;/code&gt; is ambiguous and we don't have any information about the relationship between the object and any of the persons taking part in this dialogue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back at your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Hago la cama&lt;/code&gt; is not &lt;code&gt;Hago my cama&lt;/code&gt;. We would need extra info to properly assume that &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; is used as a possessive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-01-25T20:12:51.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28439" CreationDate="2019-01-26T10:59:53.483" Score="2" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many Spanish words that nowadays begin with h- used to begin with f-, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;facere&lt;/em&gt; (PT &lt;em&gt;fazer&lt;/em&gt;, IT &lt;em&gt;fare&lt;/em&gt;, FR &lt;em&gt;faire&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;hijo&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;filius&lt;/em&gt; (PT &lt;em&gt;filho&lt;/em&gt;, IT &lt;em&gt;figlio&lt;/em&gt;, FR &lt;em&gt;fils&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;haya&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;fagea&lt;/em&gt; (PT &lt;em&gt;faia&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain this change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17109" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-26T13:03:45.087" LastActivityDate="2019-01-26T13:28:17.943" Title="How did words starting with f- become h-?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;consonantes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2019-01-26T13:20:33.700" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28438" CreationDate="2019-01-26T13:28:17.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How it &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; happened is unknown. The change itself is not really difficult to imagine. It's a frequent phonetic change in many languages.* One can say it's a kind of &lt;strong&gt;lenition&lt;/strong&gt; (weakening): /f/ involves a well-marked friction between the lips and the teeth, while /h/ is considered by some to be less than a full fricative consonant (more like an approximant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why was /f/ prone to change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vulgar Latin /f/ was probably not actually labiodental but &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_fricative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bilabial&lt;/a&gt; [ɸ] (like blowing air out through almost closed lips), so it was rather weak to begin with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This /f/ was the only fricative in that point of articulation, and the only fricative in the whole system other than /s/, which was much more common; it was phonologically isolated, the odd one out. Such isolation tends to favor the change or disappearance of sounds. On the other hand this also meant that /f/ could sound really like our labiodental [f] or else like bilabial [ɸ], as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_variation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;that would make no difference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latin /f/ was also very restricted in its position: for historical reasons it only appeared at the beginning of native Latin roots. (It could appear elsewhere in words like &lt;em&gt;dēfendere&lt;/em&gt;, derived from a root &lt;em&gt;fend-&lt;/em&gt;, or in borrowings like &lt;em&gt;rūfus&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these made it easy for /f/ to change its pronunciation. In some regions it seems that /f/ was pronounced [h] before posterior vowels (/o/ and /u/) and [ɸ] before the other vowels and consonants like /r/ and /l/. In some others, particularly in northern Castile (where modern standard Spanish comes from), it apparently changed to [h] everywhere. There are traces of this change already in the 9th century. Even then this [h] was disappearing, continuing a process that had already begun in Vulgar Latin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only place where /f/ (pronounced [hɸ]) was kept was before [w], that is, in words like &lt;em&gt;fuego&lt;/em&gt; (&amp;lt; Latin &lt;em&gt;focum&lt;/em&gt;). This would later revert to [f], as well as other words, generally borrowed from Latin or other languages as learned terms (&lt;em&gt;cultismos&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*For a quick reference, check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://chridd.nfshost.com/diachronica/search?q=f#from&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Index Diachronica&lt;/a&gt;; this shows a list of documented instances of /f/ becoming something else in lots of languages (search the page for things like &lt;strong&gt;f → h&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;f → ɸ&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-26T13:28:17.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28917" CreationDate="2019-01-26T16:13:01.437" Score="7" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the evolution of Latin to Spanish, nouns ending &lt;em&gt;-us&lt;/em&gt; generally evolved into &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;e.g. &lt;em&gt;manus &gt; mano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this seems to have been avoided in a few words: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tribus &gt; tribu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spiritus &gt; espíritu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;impetus &gt; ímpetu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why did these forms evolve, instead of the expected &lt;em&gt;*espírito, *ímpeto, *tribo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-26T23:36:55.033" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T19:17:32.987" Title="Why tribu, espíritu, ímpetu, not *tribo, *espírito, *ímpeto?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;vocales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2178" CreationDate="2019-01-26T16:17:36.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Knowing that this question has been protected makes me hesitate to answer, but I had been wondering the same thing myself and before visiting this page, I noticed that the two words seem to be used pretty interchangeably despite the nuances mentioned here in this thread.  Let me start off by sharing with you some of my observations with regard to frequency.  Simply put, in both newspapers and books, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; appears to be much more common than &amp;quot;capacitación.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Below is an image of Google's Ngram Viewer and its chart of frequency for &amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot; as generated from its database of books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/Vh6gks6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the two words, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot; appears to be a &amp;quot;younger&amp;quot; word&lt;/strong&gt; — according to the Google Ngram viewer, it doesn't appear until 1778 whereas &amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; appears to have been present in the Spanish language from as far back as 1570.  However, if you consult the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_Diacr%C3%B3nico_del_Espa%C3%B1ol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corpus Diacrónico del Español (CORDE)&lt;/a&gt;, it appears that &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; can be found as far back as 1455&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for regional differences, I don't want to tread on anything others have mentioned, but according to what I found at &lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;educalingo.com&lt;/a&gt;, it looks as if &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com/en/dic-es/capacitacion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; might be more commonly used in Latin America and &lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com/en/dic-es/formacion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;formación&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; more commonly used in Spain.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly enough, &lt;strong&gt;the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Royal Spanish Academy&lt;/a&gt; lists five different meanings for &amp;quot;formación,&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; but none of them are specifically dedicated to &amp;quot;training.&amp;quot;  In fact, I don't see any that specifically and directly refer to &amp;quot;training.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/3e58FdX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, its use as a word to mean &amp;quot;training&amp;quot; looks relatively recent and maybe nobody has been breathing down the Academy's neck to get this shade of meaning added.  I suppose something like this trumps the gender battles so many institutions are facing today.  Regardless, to more fully clarify my observations with regard to &amp;quot;formación,&amp;quot; I don't really see it used to mean &amp;quot;training,&amp;quot; in its modern day sense, until the 1970s.  To be more specific, one of the first instances I see of &amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; used as a word to mean &amp;quot;training&amp;quot; is in the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=jr8QAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22formaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;dq=%22formaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwih04Dnz4vgAhUhWN8KHfYXDzwQ6AEIVDAG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Formación profesional para la mujer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which was published in 1976.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;capacitación,&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/waTCUQu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Capacitar means to &amp;quot;prepare&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;qualify.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the Academy only lists one meaning for this word and while it doesn't specifically refer to training either, its definition certainly corresponds more with that word than the five provided for &amp;quot;formación.&amp;quot;  The first instances I see of it are right before the turn of the 19th century.  Examples I've seen refer to specific types of training such as scientific or agricultural, which supports what has been said by some in this thread, but I see examples of where &amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot; is used more broadly as well. Here are a couple of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Se cree importante conocer de los propios participantes sus necesidades y preferencias en capacitación.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=LJJEAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22capacitaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;dq=%22capacitaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiogsSX2YvgAhVOPN8KHcOiCwo4ChDoAQhIMAY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Impacto de los cursos de capacitación en jóvenes desocupados,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Alfonso Uribe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La capacitación en la empresa es uno de los componentes principales de la inversión de un país en capital humano.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;—&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=V1EWwtH3mREC&amp;amp;pg=PA13&amp;amp;dq=%22capacitaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjn3Kj02ovgAhXthOAKHfzSB2AQ6AEIMjAB#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22capacitaci%C3%B3n%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Efectos de la Capacitación en la Competitividad de la Industria&#xA;Manufacturera,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;United Nations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, a case could be made that both of these examples could be referring to specific types of training of short duration, a meaning for &amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot; that has already been suggested in this thread and one that helps a student of Spanish determine whether or not to use &amp;quot;capacitación&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;formación.&amp;quot;  Even so, students of the Spanish language should be aware that this may be a distinction not all native Spanish speakers may be aware of, or even consider something one must adhere to and, consequently, you may hear or see &amp;quot;formación&amp;quot; used to refer to training of limited or short duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that there is another word for training — &lt;strong&gt;entrenamiento.&lt;/strong&gt;  This word, however, is typically reserved for some type of &lt;strong&gt;physical training&lt;/strong&gt; such as &amp;quot;strength training&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;weight training.&amp;quot;  It is also the word you would use for &amp;quot;overtraining.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T00:11:23.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19009" CreationDate="2019-01-26T17:50:54.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Paco and Pablodf say, Latin or Late/Vulgar Latin words ending &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt; generally evolved into &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. Whence disappeared most possibility of naturally inherited &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt; words in Spanish since no other terminal phone would conceivably evolve to /u/ in Spanish (unlike e.g. in Asturian).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That leaves the question though of where the few &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt; words that &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; exist came from. They come under a few different groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pronouns&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;tu, su&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are apocopated forms of the &lt;em&gt;tuyo, suyo&lt;/em&gt;. They lost their final vowels after the rule /-u/ → /-o/ was no longer productive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Letters&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The standardised names for letters are a relatively recent invention (16th century). Why &lt;em&gt;u&lt;/em&gt; exists is clear. Qu and Gu seem to be pronounced thus by influence of the digraphs they occur in/as. Some others are loanwords from other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;u, cu, qu, gu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mu, tau (tao), wau&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Acronyms, abbreviations&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preu, diu, ecu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Onomatopeia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pu, bu, fu, hu, ju, jau, guau, miau, marramáu (marramao), &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GZYDDgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA204&amp;amp;lpg=PA204&amp;amp;dq=etymology+sucusumucu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sucusumucu&lt;/a&gt;, teruteru&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Loanwords&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is by far the largest group coming from a number of different source languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latin&lt;/strong&gt; a contrario sensu, in promptu (impromptu), stricto sensu, lato sensu, de visu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Catalan&lt;/strong&gt; bou&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italian&lt;/strong&gt; chau&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;French&lt;/strong&gt; art nouveau, chapeau&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arabic&lt;/strong&gt; alcuzcuzu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basque&lt;/strong&gt; aurresku, chistu, sucu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt; mildéu, mildiu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hindi&lt;/strong&gt; urdu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bantu&lt;/strong&gt; ñu, hutu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guarani&lt;/strong&gt; caráu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aimara&lt;/strong&gt; pututu (pututo), sicu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mapuche&lt;/strong&gt; llaulláu, pudu (pudú), temu, siu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quechua&lt;/strong&gt; aillu, ayáu, ayayáu, ichu (icho), sirvinacu, pupu, quipu, uchu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;American (misc)&lt;/strong&gt; caucáu, caucháu, cunchu, gonchu, pacumutu, quitu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Japanese&lt;/strong&gt; jiu-jitsu, tofu, sumu, haiku, sudoku&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chinese&lt;/strong&gt; kung-fu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three exceptions I can find of Latin &lt;em&gt;-us&lt;/em&gt; words which retained their &lt;em&gt;-u&lt;/em&gt;. They don't (all) appear to be learned later borrowings, as spiritu/espiritus can be found consistently since the earliest available Spanish documents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tribu, espíritu, ímpetu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See here for more info: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28440/why-tribu-not-tribo&quot;&gt;Why tribu, esp&amp;#237;ritu, &amp;#237;mpetu, not *tribo, *esp&amp;#237;rito, *&amp;#237;mpeto?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T15:33:02.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28440" CreationDate="2019-01-27T02:32:57.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you said, the regular development seems like it would have been &lt;em&gt;-o,&lt;/em&gt; as in &lt;em&gt;mano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to mention that in other respects as well, none of these words looks like a completely natural development from the Latin form. They don't show characteristic sound changes like  short ĭ &gt; e, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/cons.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;syncope&lt;/a&gt; of unstressed vowels, and lenition of intervocalic singleton consonants. I think Latin &lt;em&gt;trĭbus, spīrĭtus, impĕtus,&lt;/em&gt; if they had undergone all the usual Latin-to-Spanish sound changes, should have turned into something like &lt;em&gt;*trevo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;*espirdo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;*ento&lt;/em&gt;. I'm not 100% sure on these forms, but I'm sure that neither &lt;em&gt;tribu, espíritu, ímpetu,&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;*tribo, *espírito, *ímpeto&lt;/em&gt; are expected vulgar forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So influence from Latin seems like a strong candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17930" LastEditorUserId="17930" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T19:17:32.987" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T19:17:32.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28445" CreationDate="2019-01-27T04:41:24.197" Score="2" ViewCount="459" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best example I can think of is &quot;work&quot;. I tried to ask my teacher how I would say, &quot;I am going to work&quot;. She replied, &quot;voy a trabajar&quot;. I have tried asking other Spanish speakers this before and get the same kind of answers. I am not saying, &quot;I go (verb) to work (verb)&quot;. I am saying, I go (verb) to (direction) work (noun). So, in English I am using a verb &quot;work&quot;(what I do) as a noun &quot;work&quot;(the place where I do work). Are there examples of this in Spanish? Are verbs used as nouns in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some other examples, though the correlation can be a bit different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am going to play/I am going to a play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I store things there/He bought it at the store&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I plan on doing that/It is a plan/We made plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I talk/We had a talk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point being that the spelling is the same but the context makes the verb a noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, going back to my original example, in order to say, &quot;I am going to work&quot; can I say, &quot;Estoy yendo a trabajar&quot;, and would &quot;trabajar&quot; then be a noun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;at work&quot; = &quot;a trabajar&quot; or &quot;en trabajar&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16450" LastEditorUserId="16450" LastEditDate="2019-01-27T04:59:16.570" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:07:18.060" Title="When does Spanish use verbs as nouns?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28444" CreationDate="2019-01-27T08:33:40.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verbs can be &lt;em&gt;nominalized&lt;/em&gt; (that is, turned into nouns) when you want to refer to the action in and of itself.  This is common when you say things like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nadar&lt;/strong&gt; es divertido.  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Swimming&lt;/strong&gt; is fun&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Después de &lt;strong&gt;estudiar&lt;/strong&gt; …  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;After &lt;strong&gt;studying&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that for the most part, the nominalized verb in English is the gerund (&lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt;) whereas as you've noticed in Spanish it is the infinitive.  In both languages, you can double check by inserting the phrase &lt;em&gt;act of / acto de&lt;/em&gt; before the verb with an appropriate determiner: the meaning shouldn't substantially change if it's a nominalized verb.  So for example, &lt;em&gt;the act of swimming is fun&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;after the act of studying&lt;/em&gt; both work fine, but &lt;em&gt;I'm going to the act of work&lt;/em&gt; does not, nor does &lt;em&gt;he bought it at the act of storing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English tends to more often have nouns related to verbs be identical to the verb.  In Spanish, the noun forms might coincide with a verb form, but it will always be some particular verb form, generally the first or third person singular present indicative form (for example, &lt;em&gt;el camino&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;caminar&lt;/em&gt; derives from the &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; form).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that nominalized verbs in Spanish will occasionally be preceded by &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; (for example, &lt;em&gt;el comer sano es bueno&lt;/em&gt; is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;comer sano es bueno&lt;/em&gt;), something that doesn't work well in English (&lt;em&gt;the eating healthy is good&lt;/em&gt; is weird).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T08:33:40.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28444" CreationDate="2019-01-27T14:36:05.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must adress that this confusion is mainly due to the fact that English words do not always change from verb to noun, but they do change in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answering your first question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, you won't find verbs acting like their associated noun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed you can see verbs acting like nouns, but, as guifa said, that's used with other meaning (the act of &lt;em&gt;doing&lt;/em&gt;). Like in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Smoking is bad&lt;/em&gt; = Fumar es malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly; it is actually very usual to use &quot;ir a trabajar&quot;, because it is supposed that you only &quot;work&quot; at one place: &quot;your work&quot;. Of course you do many more things in life, but &quot;working at your job&quot; can only be done &quot;at work&quot;. That's why we usually say &quot;Voy a trabajar&quot;. It's the same as saying &quot;Voy a comer&quot; = I'm going to eat. It's like that's the important information, the place where you do it is understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you want to make a difference between the verb and the noun, you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy al trabajo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's &quot;I'm going to work(noun)&quot;, to your workplace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might say that &quot;trabajo&quot; is also a verb, but (besides workplace), &quot;trabajo&quot;  means &quot;I work&quot;, not the verb &quot;to work&quot;. Verbs themselves do not act like their associated nouns, but some forms might coincide with the noun, by chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the conclusion is that &lt;strong&gt;you can use nouns, but they are not the same word&lt;/strong&gt;. Take into account that verbs have to end in &quot;ar&quot;, &quot;er&quot;, &quot;ir&quot;, whereas nouns do not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples, the nouns are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I am going to play/I am going to a play&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a &lt;strong&gt;jugar / tocar / interpretar&lt;/strong&gt;  // Voy a una &lt;strong&gt;obra&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I store things there/He bought it at the store&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Almaceno/Guardo&lt;/strong&gt; cosas ahí // Lo compró en el &lt;strong&gt;almacén&lt;/strong&gt; / en la &lt;strong&gt;tienda&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I plan on doing that/It is a plan/We made plans&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Planeo&lt;/strong&gt; hacer eso / Es un &lt;strong&gt;plan&lt;/strong&gt; / Hicimos planes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;I talk/We had a talk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo &lt;strong&gt;hablo&lt;/strong&gt; / Tuvimos una &lt;strong&gt;charla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="17253" LastEditDate="2019-01-27T21:48:26.303" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T21:48:26.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28448" CreationDate="2019-01-27T17:56:57.163" Score="1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Me podríais por favor explicar el uso del subjuntivo en esta frase? No entiendo qué hay en la frase principal que provoca el uso del subjuntivo en la subordinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Habían quedado atrás las casualidades &lt;strong&gt;de que ella entrara&lt;/strong&gt; mientras él&#xA;  se bañaba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T23:19:32.443" Title="Subjuntivo - &quot;Habían quedado atrás las casualidades de que ella entrara mientras él se bañaba&quot;" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28447" CreationDate="2019-01-27T23:19:32.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es difícil responder, pero creo que se trata de caso parecido al de las expresiones del tipo &lt;em&gt;«el hecho de que»&lt;/em&gt; (sobre las cuales, coincidentemente, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/21640/el-hecho-de-que-subjuntivo&quot;&gt;hiciste una pregunta&lt;/a&gt;). En una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.espanolavanzado.com/25-gramatica/297-que-el-hecho-de-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt; leemos que &lt;em&gt;el hecho de que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Suele ir seguido del verbo en subjuntivo porque &lt;strong&gt;no está informando al&#xA;  oyente de nada nuevo&lt;/strong&gt;, sino haciendo un comentario sobre una&#xA;  información consabida; cuando la expresión encabeza la frase, casi&#xA;  siempre va seguida del subjuntivo por este motivo. En cambio, cuando&#xA;  se trata principalmente de informar, o declarar un hecho, suele ir en&#xA;  indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&quot;Si la información compartida se coloca normalmente al inicio de la&#xA;    oración, en una oración que comienza con 'el hecho de que' se supone&#xA;    que este hecho es ya conocido por los interlocutores, de modo que &lt;strong&gt;lo&#xA;    que expresa la oración subordinada es un juicio de valor sobre ese&#xA;    hecho conocido&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo que la oración subordinada (V2) se emplea el&#xA;    modo subjuntivo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto suele confundir a los estudiantes de español ya que parece que&#xA;  estamos hablando de hechos reales y no de un juicio sobre estos&#xA;  hechos, pero si te fijas bien te darás cuenta de que en la mayoría de&#xA;  los casos se ve que &lt;strong&gt;la principal intención del hablante no es la de&#xA;  informar o declarar un hecho, sino opinar sobre él&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;«las casualidades de que ella entrara»&lt;/em&gt; tiene esta misma estructura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto debe haberse referido ya a las supuestas casualidades, o bien (si es un texto literario, como parece serlo) el autor quiere mostrar con el uso del subjuntivo que estas casualidades eran habituales y que &lt;strong&gt;no son el tema de la oración&lt;/strong&gt;: lo importante, el tema, es que las mismas &lt;em&gt;«habían quedado atrás»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra posibilidad es que la propia semántica de la palabra &lt;em&gt;casualidad&lt;/em&gt; esté motivando el uso del subjuntivo. La situación parece ser ambigua, por lo cual el subjuntivo expresaría alguna duda o subjetividad. Imaginemos una situación donde no hay casualidad sino que la mujer está entrando siempre al mismo tiempo que el hombre se baña: en vez de &lt;em&gt;«las casualidades de que ella entrara...»&lt;/em&gt; diríamos más bien algo así como &lt;em&gt;«las ocasiones en que ella entra&lt;strong&gt;ba&lt;/strong&gt;...»&lt;/em&gt;, con el verbo en indicativo en vez de subjuntivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizá ambas cosas explican el uso del subjuntivo. No es lo mismo hablar de &lt;em&gt;casualidades&lt;/em&gt; (insinuando que no son casuales) que de &lt;em&gt;ocasiones&lt;/em&gt; (donde es más claro que hay acciones deliberadas). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T23:19:32.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28452" CreationDate="2019-01-28T09:09:51.323" Score="5" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la cafetería de mi edificio tienen puesto el canal 24h de RTVE para &lt;em&gt;amenizar&lt;/em&gt; los desayunos y almuerzos. En dicho canal la sección inferior de la pantalla está constantemente ocupada por una franja negra donde se suceden los principales titulares del día. Me he fijado en que cuando un titular no es lo suficientemente claro por sí mismo se suele anteponer por un brevísimo texto seguido de una barra vertical. Por ejemplo, hoy aparecía el siguiente titular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BRASIL | 305 PERSONAS SIGUEN DESAPARECIDAS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, el titular sería &quot;305 personas siguen desaparecidas&quot;, pero como por sí solo no queda claro de qué trata la noticia, se antepone el texto &quot;Brasil&quot; para dar contexto, y se separan ambas partes del titular con la barra vertical. Esto contrasta con otros casos, como el de los titulares consistentes en citas, que usan el nombre del citado, seguido de dos puntos y la cita entre comillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está este uso de la barra vertical recogido en la &lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE u otros textos de similar reconocimiento? ¿O debería reemplazarse la barra vertical en estos casos por otro signo de puntuación?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T09:13:00.253" Title="Uso de la barra vertical para dar contexto en noticias" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28454" CreationDate="2019-01-28T10:06:47.127" Score="4" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a rough time finding the best translation for &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/jordan10taylor/status/1089297264181420038&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this J. Taylor tweet&lt;/a&gt; made during Fernando Alonso's first stint in the 24 Hours of Daytona race:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This [Alonso] guy seems alright.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tZr6T.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tZr6T.png&quot; alt=&quot;This [Alonso] guy seems alright.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so we all know 'alright' means &lt;em&gt;bien&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Everything's alright&quot; → &lt;em&gt;&quot;Todo está bien&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1422/13628&quot;&gt;&quot;Are you alright?&quot; → &lt;em&gt;&quot;¿Estás bien?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, etc.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these examples, 'alright' is used to describe the &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; of something/someone -- the kind that'd force you to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19836/13628&quot;&gt;use &lt;em&gt;&quot;estar&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Spanish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above tweet, however, 'alright' is being used &lt;strong&gt;as a &lt;em&gt;trait&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: the kind we use &lt;em&gt;&quot;ser&quot;&lt;/em&gt; with — like saying Alonso seems &quot;OK at racing&quot; (at least that's how I understood it).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And this is where the rough part begins, because everything I come up with seems slightly off. For staters, Google Translate seems to disagree with my interpretation, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.es/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=en&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;text=This%20Alonso%20guy%20seems%20alright&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translates&lt;/a&gt; it as just &lt;em&gt;&quot;Este chico Alonso parece estar bien&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but that looks like we're talking about his health. As for me, I've tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;parece bueno&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but I think someone being &lt;em&gt;&quot;bueno&quot;&lt;/em&gt; at something is a tad over being just 'alright' at something;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;parece aceptable&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&quot;parece decente&quot;&lt;/em&gt;... but those don't give the same informal vibe that 'alright' does.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe I'm just overthinking this, but whatever.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;What would be the best translation for 'alright' in this context?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Looking at the current answers, it seems like there are more types of 'alright' than I thought!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please notice that I'm asking specifically about &lt;strong&gt;being 'alright' &lt;em&gt;at something&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] like saying Alonso seems &quot;OK at racing&quot; (at least that's how I understood it). [...] I've tried &lt;em&gt;&quot;parece bueno&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, but I think someone being &lt;em&gt;&quot;bueno&quot;&lt;/em&gt; at something is a tad over being just 'alright' at something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-28T16:53:19.760" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T10:21:20.933" Title="How to translate 'alright' when used as a trait (as in &quot;being alright at racing&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28450" CreationDate="2019-01-28T10:10:08.550" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/buscar.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ortografía&lt;/em&gt; (2010)&lt;/a&gt; detalla su uso en la sección 4.2.4 (p.429). No describe este uso que notas específicamente, pero clarifica que solo lista sus usos &lt;em&gt;convencionales principales&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;4.2.4 BARRA VERTICAL O PLECA&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La barra vertical (|), también llamada &lt;em&gt;pleca&lt;/em&gt;, es un signo auxiliar &lt;strong&gt;que actúa fundamentalmente de separador o delimitador&lt;/strong&gt; en contextos técnicos, pero que carece de empleo en textos de carácter general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este signo aparece siempre precedido y seguido de espacio. Entre &lt;strong&gt;sus principales usos convencionales,&lt;/strong&gt; cabe destacar los siguientes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; en obras sobre versificación clásica, separa los pies métricos que componen los versos, tanto si se reproduce el propio verso como si se representa solo el esquema:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El tetrámetro latino responde al esquema:&lt;/em&gt; - ∪ ∪ | - ∪ ∪ | - ∪ ∪ | - ∪.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; En obras de carácter lingüístico, señala la existencia de una pausa breve dentro de un enunciado: &lt;em&gt;Aquellos que no hayan rellenado el formulario | deberán hacerlo antes de entrar al examen.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; En matemáticas, se utiliza como signo doble para indicar el valor absoluto de la expresión que encierra: |&lt;em&gt;ab&lt;/em&gt;|= |&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;|·|&lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;|.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T09:13:00.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28451" CreationDate="2019-01-28T11:01:01.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your last examples seem close to what you mean; but if you're looking for an informal touch, I'd say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parece buen tipo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or variations like &lt;em&gt;parece un buen tipo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This denotes a friendly deal and trust, so you can also use more formal adjectives like &lt;em&gt;fiable&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;confiable&lt;/em&gt;, or more informally: &lt;em&gt;parece de fiar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-28T16:34:07.060" LastActivityDate="2019-01-28T16:34:07.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28451" CreationDate="2019-01-28T16:25:54.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parece un tío majo/legal/&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Jmj5DLi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guay&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=alright&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a comment in the Urban Dictionary&lt;/a&gt; that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[When] you call a person 'alright' you are saying that they are amazing, awesome, brilliant, and you want to love them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is true (it seems so according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28451/how-to-translate-alright-when-used-as-a-trait/28454#comment49189_28451&quot;&gt;@mdewey's comment&lt;/a&gt;) you can even say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parece un tío genial/fantástico/etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After your edit it seems that we misunderstood your question. You actually wanted to translate &quot;being alright &lt;em&gt;at something&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, so I will stick to @mdewey's comment then and propose the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No se le da mal a Alonso [eso de conducir].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this sentence keeps the feeling of saying that he is actually very good at it while stating that he is just &quot;not bad&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-29T10:21:20.933" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T10:21:20.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-29T14:25:45.167" Score="7" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Clickbait es, de acuerdo a una definición informal en internet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;content whose main purpose is to attract attention and encourage visitors to click on a link to a particular web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Clickbait&lt;/em&gt; is a &lt;strong&gt;text or thumbnail link that is designed to entice users to follow that link&lt;/strong&gt; and read, view, or listen to the linked piece of online content. Click-bait headlines typically &lt;strong&gt;aim to exploit the &amp;quot;curiosity gap&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, providing just enough information to make readers of news websites curious, but not enough to satisfy their curiosity without clicking through to the linked content&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickbait&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, un titular diseñado para atraer la curiosidad, para hacerte &amp;quot;picar&amp;quot; y pulsar un link (visitar una página web) con el propósito de atraer visitas. Que el contenido cumpla con lo prometido en el enlace &lt;em&gt;clickbait&lt;/em&gt; (en términos de satisfacer la curiosidad, estar relacionado con lo prometido en dicho titular, etc.) ya es otro cantar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo podrían ser los muchos videos de YouTube o artículos de diferentes medios en plan &amp;quot;10 trucos rápidos y sin esfuerzo para hacerte millonario (No te vas a creer el número 8)&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Ocho dietas milagro para perder peso comiendo lo que quieras&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;20 señales de que tu pareja te engaña&amp;quot; que luego llevan a videos o artículos más o menos relacionados con el título, de dudosa calidad la mayor parte de las veces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos titulares o enlaces suelen ser engañosos o desorientadores a propósito, en plan &amp;quot;Madonna/El papa se muere!!&lt;sub&gt;(de ganas de visitar Murcia)&lt;/sub&gt;. A veces son incluso erróneos a propósito (no están para nada relacionados con lo prometido, pero ya les has dado la visita a su web, así que no importa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada de wikipedia muestra que &amp;quot;clickbait&amp;quot; ha calado como anglicismo en español, dada la falta de una traducción apropiada. La palabra &lt;em&gt;click&lt;/em&gt; no está registrada en el diccionario de la RAE (aunque sí lo están &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9SZ4Kat&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;clic&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y el verbo asociado &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9SdJHbH&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;clicar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), y &amp;quot;bait&amp;quot; vendría a traducirse como &amp;quot;cebo&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;carnaza&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál sería entonces una traducción apropiada para &amp;quot;clickbait&amp;quot; en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T08:01:54.463" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;Clickbait&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2019-01-29T15:16:19.913" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues creo que hay una palabra que lo define muy bien y es...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;cazaclics&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo vi &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/quimicefa/status/832275305050021892&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recomendado en Twitter por @quimicefa&lt;/a&gt; y me pareció muy acertado, pues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;incluye el verbo &lt;em&gt;cazar&lt;/em&gt; que denota la metodología utilizada, parecida al de la jungla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;incluye los &lt;em&gt;clics&lt;/em&gt; que es lo que se pretende con esta técnica.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T15:16:19.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28458" CreationDate="2019-01-29T15:37:54.127" Score="1" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se mostraba indiferente &lt;em&gt;a lo que pudiera pensarse de él&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya había puesto algunas veces preguntas de este tipo pero lamentablemente aún no estoy segura. Tiendo a pensar que esto es una oración relativa (con el pronombre &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; que se refiere a su actitud (&lt;em&gt;mostrarse indiferente&lt;/em&gt;) pero como ya he dicho no estoy segura...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-29T23:21:36.277" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T23:21:36.277" Title="La oración &quot;Se mostraba indiferente a lo que pudiera pensarse de él&quot; ¿es relativa o completiva?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28457" CreationDate="2019-01-29T18:28:01.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ésta parece ser una subordinada completiva, ya que no se la puede suprimir sin cambiar el sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una estructura que no es tan fácil de encontrar en las gramáticas porque en vez de un verbo que tiene por sujeto, objeto o complemento una subordinada, la subordinada depende de un adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se mostraba indiferente a lo que pudiera pensarse de él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No le importaba lo que pudiera pensarse de él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;Lo que pudiera pensarse de él le resultaba indiferente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se mostraba indiferente a&lt;/em&gt; [objeto de preposición]&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= &lt;em&gt;No le importaba&lt;/em&gt; [sujeto]&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;= [sujeto] &lt;em&gt;le resultaba indiferente.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; es aquí un artículo neutro (¡no un pronombre!) y precede obligatoriamente al pronombre relativo &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; (véase la parte inicial del artículo sobre &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en el DPD). El referente de este pronombre relativo compuesto, &lt;em&gt;lo que&lt;/em&gt;, queda implícito. Se usa el género neutro porque el referente es abstracto, aunque si quisiéramos forzarlo a ser explícito, &lt;em&gt;«lo que podría pensarse...»&lt;/em&gt; equivaldría a &lt;em&gt;«las cosas que podrían pensarse...»&lt;/em&gt; o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-29T20:23:12.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-01-29T18:45:49.687" Score="4" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pitagórico viene de Pitágoras, que es un nombre, pero no tengo claro si esta conjugación del nombre va con mayúscula o minúscula. Espero me puedan responder y explicar el porqué.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21049" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-29T19:16:42.513" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:56:16.233" Title="Se escribe &quot;trío pitagórico&quot; o &quot;trío Pitagórico&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28459" CreationDate="2019-01-29T19:05:37.467" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se deletrean los adjetivos derivados de nombres propios con minúscula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TERaq0e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pitagórico, ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. Pythagorĭcus, y este del gr. Πυθαγορικός Pythagorikós.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Fil. Perteneciente o relativo a Pitágoras, filósofo y matemático del siglo VI a. C., o al pitagorismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Fil. Seguidor de Pitágoras o del pitagorismo. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;letra pitagórica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;tabla pitagórica&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos (eso también se aplica a los sustantivos derivados):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NbzY4wF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lopista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MfxwxOn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kantiano&lt;/a&gt; (kantismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=K5VvoqA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hegeliano&lt;/a&gt; (hegelianismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;la obra &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm5LIB4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shakesperiana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;los entremeses &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8OqJMA6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cervantinos&lt;/a&gt; (cervantismo)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;/ cervantescos / cervánticos (cervantista, cervantófila)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, nota que los nombres propios crudos (sustantivos) conservan su letra inicial mayúscula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;síndrome de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EArj9SL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Down&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enfermedad de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=66OJF1B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bright&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enfermedad de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2B3Izdh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alzhéimer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:56:16.233" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:56:16.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28462" CreationDate="2019-01-30T00:47:33.880" Score="3" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the English edition of &quot;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn&quot; (at least the version available on gutenberg.org), this sentence appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;It's the brazen serpent in the wilderness!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation found elsewhere is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«¡Es la serpiente de bronce del desierto!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I'm not mistaken, a reverse translation would be, &quot;&lt;em&gt;It is the bronze serpent of the desert!&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is &quot;brazen&quot; translated as &quot;bronze&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; in actuality, the serpent on the pole (which was made when the Israelites were wandering in the desert) was said to be of copper, not bronze (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jw.org/en/publications/books/bible-stories/3/copper-snake/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; for the details).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T01:07:32.843" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T10:42:23.613" Title="Why is &quot;brazen&quot; translated as &quot;bronze&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28461" CreationDate="2019-01-30T01:04:56.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/brazen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brazen&lt;/a&gt; has multiple meanings in English. The most common is &quot;bold&quot;, but a more archaic (and chiefly literary) secondary definition is &quot;made of brass&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T01:04:56.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28467" CreationDate="2019-01-30T03:05:18.957" Score="5" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por lo visto la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8jThnmU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chichón&lt;/a&gt; aparece desde el diccionario de autoridades, sin embargo, no se muestra origen alguno de la palabra en las versiones del DLE. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?chicho.n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;etimologías de Chile&lt;/a&gt; dan como origen el &lt;em&gt;abscessionnes&lt;/em&gt; latino, pero como única versión, no me termina de convencer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede confirmar esa versión o presentar otra más convincente con las fuentes concernientes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T07:09:01.440" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T06:53:22.273" Title="Etimología de chichón" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28466" CreationDate="2019-01-30T03:11:12.110" Score="2" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not looking for the verb &quot;to be&quot;. At least not as an entire answer. I want to understand how Spanish speakers talk about their &quot;self&quot; and who they are. I want to know words that accentuate conversations about &quot;self&quot; and &quot;being&quot; in the Spanish language. In English I learned, &quot;Me, myself, and I&quot;. There is the famous quote, &quot;To be, or not to be&quot;. These are powerful concepts that I find elusive in the Spanish language. Also, I learned from psychology the concepts of Id, ego, and superego, as well as conscious, subconscious, and super-conscious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do Spanish speakers discuss the concepts of &quot;self&quot; and &quot;being&quot; from a philosophical and psychological perspective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do Spanish speakers discuss WHO they are?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16450" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T06:38:03.790" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T06:39:06.897" Title="In Spanish, how do I express the concept of &quot;self&quot; and &quot;being&quot; from a philosophical and psychological perspective?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;psicología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28465" CreationDate="2019-01-30T06:32:57.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the personal pronoun &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; as a noun in philosophical contexts. Check out its definition in the DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=cCEHAgu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;pron. person. 1.ª pers. m. y f. sing. Forma que, en nominativo, designa a la persona que habla o escribe. &lt;em&gt;Yo estoy muy tranquila.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Fil. Sujeto humano en cuanto persona. &lt;em&gt;El yo. Mi yo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Psicol. Parte consciente del individuo, mediante la cual cada persona se hace cargo de su propia identidad y de sus relaciones con el medio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second and third entries state that the word is used as a noun (&lt;em&gt;el yo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;mi yo&lt;/em&gt;). See the following examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Existe una &quot;despolitización&quot; radical, antropológica, por el hecho de que &quot;el yo&quot; como conciencia total está dejando de ser el centro de imputación de las actitudes políticas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Porque por no perderlo ya que sacrifiqué lo que para mí valía más, mi yo, mi alma, mi existencia, quizá hasta el cariño tuyo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the verb &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; as a noun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xe5NPsQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ser&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Esencia o naturaleza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero, aparte de este realismo trascendente, defendían otros un realismo inmanente: los universales existían como tales universales en la naturaleza de las cosas; más aún, las cosas son tanto más reales cuanto más universales; de modo que el universal máximo, que es el ser, es el fundamento y raíz de toda realidad.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally the Freudian concepts of &quot;id, ego and superego&quot; are expressed in Spanish as &quot;el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ESsilCu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ello&lt;/a&gt;, el yo y el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YlNnmQB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;superyó&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ello,_yo_y_supery%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Spanish Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt;. You can also use the words &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EQoDoir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ego&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YjG8NNn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;superego&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T06:39:06.897" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T06:39:06.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28464" CreationDate="2019-01-30T07:03:36.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te indico la etimología que da Corominas en su diccionario etimológico abreviado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CHICHÓN&lt;/strong&gt; 'bulto que de resultas de un golpe se hace en el cuero de la cabeza', 1601. Voz común al castellano y al it. &lt;em&gt;ciccione&lt;/em&gt;; de origen incierto, probablemente deriv. del vocablo infantil &lt;em&gt;chicha&lt;/em&gt; 'carne', de creación expresiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay en el CORDE casos incluso anteriores al año 1601 que propone Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y assí, es tan negro, de usado, un parche de terciopelo negro en el rostro, un chichón en una sien, una señal con falta de güeso en la frente, que casi no se echa de ver en ello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Cárdenas, &quot;Primera parte de los problemas y secretos maravillosos de las Indias&quot;, 1591 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E incluso uno anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De un cardenal legado, que era gordillo, estando en la corte del emperador Carlos Quinto, dijo don Diego de Mendoza, conde de Mélito, que más parecía chichón que cardenal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Melchor de Santa Cruz de Dueñas, &quot;Floresta española&quot;, 1574 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, si la frase anterior es cierta y el citado Diego de Mendoza se refiere a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_Hurtado_de_Mendoza_y_Lemos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Lemos, I conde de Mélito&lt;/a&gt;, este falleció en 1536 por lo que la palabra &lt;em&gt;chichón&lt;/em&gt; debió ser usada antes de ese año. Aunque también pudo ser &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_Hurtado_de_Mendoza_y_de_la_Cerda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y de la Cerda, II conde de Mélito&lt;/a&gt;, fallecido en 1578 y entonces el texto citado sería más reciente y fiable. Ambos pudieron estar en la corte de Carlos V.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por cierto, Covarrubias (1611) coincide con Corominas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CHICHON, el tolondron, o torondron, de thorus: en Valenciano torondo, que se levanta en la frente, o en otra parte de la cabeça, causado de algun golpe, que aporreò y no sacò sangre, pero esta se ayuntò en aquella parte, y levantò el pellejo pegado al huesso de la cabeça, que no tiene casi carne, y porque levanta alli aquel vulto carnoso se llamò chichon, de chicha, que vale carne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que decir &lt;em&gt;chichón&lt;/em&gt; es como decir que tienes un trozo de carne grande donde no debería haberlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La primera aparición de la palabra en diccionarios es en el español-inglés de Percival en 1591:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chichon, a bliſter, a pinſwell, &lt;em&gt;Pustula.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, el diccionario de Rosal, también de 1611, propone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chichon, levantamiento de la Carne causado de algun golpe, de citione Lat. que del verbo Cire quiere decir lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/a/9006/2646&quot;&gt;una respuesta&lt;/a&gt; en el sitio de latín, se podría referir al verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DC%3Aentry%20group%3D42%3Aentry%3Dcieo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cĭĕo, cīvi, cĭtum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;cĭo, cīre&lt;/em&gt;, con el sentido de &quot;poner en movimiento&quot; y de ahí &quot;mover&quot; o &quot;agitar&quot;. La forma &lt;em&gt;citio&lt;/em&gt; sería el sustantivo regular derivado del verbo que podría haber significado &quot;golpe&quot;. Nota curiosa: de &lt;em&gt;cĭo&lt;/em&gt; se deriva &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=accio&amp;amp;toc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DA%3Aentry%20group%3D12&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;accĭo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con el significado de &quot;llamar&quot;, &quot;invocar&quot; o incluso &quot;ir a buscar&quot;, que los fans de Harry Potter conocen muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-01T06:53:22.273" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T06:53:22.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28470" CreationDate="2019-01-30T07:18:37.573" Score="5" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es más común escuchar / escribir, &lt;em&gt;tabla de nieve&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;snowboard&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi maestra (no es una hablante nativa) me dice que es &lt;em&gt;tabla de nieve&lt;/em&gt; pero sé que en muchos idiomas se usa &lt;em&gt;snowboard&lt;/em&gt;, como en inglés. ¿Cuál es más común en la lengua vernácula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17909" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T07:38:47.907" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T08:53:09.123" Title="¿&quot;Tabla de nieve&quot; o &quot;snowboard&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2019-01-30T08:01:54.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La versión en español de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickbait&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; ofrece varias alternativas: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ha sido traducido al español como «ciberanzuelo», «cibercebo»,​ «cebo de clics»​ o «anzuelo de clics»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En dicha página aparece enlazada una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/noticia/ciberanzuelo-la-alternativa-favorita-de-nuestros-seguidores-a-clickbait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encuesta&lt;/a&gt; relacionada que hizo la Fundéu BBVA al respecto donde las traducciones preferidas fueron: &lt;strong&gt;ciberanzuelo&lt;/strong&gt; (26%) y &lt;strong&gt;cibercebo&lt;/strong&gt; (20%)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque me gusta la palabra señalada por @fedorqui, mi predilecta es &lt;strong&gt;cibercebo&lt;/strong&gt;, la cual tiene sus pros y sus contras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cebo&lt;/strong&gt; es la traducción correcta para el término &lt;strong&gt;bait&lt;/strong&gt;. Bait NO se corresponde en inglés con anzuelo (hook). El cebo es lo que se pone en el anzuelo para atraer a los peces. Es decir, no se trata de una cuestión de subjetividad sino de una cuestión de precisión en los términos traducidos, en este caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos constatar esta afirmación si comparamos las definiciones que nos ofrecen el DRAE y el Cambridge Dictionary respectivamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=84tl0z8%7C84u0vNx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cebo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Comida&lt;/strong&gt; que se da a los animales para alimentarlos, engordarlos o atraerlos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. En la pesca, alimento, real o simulado, con que se &lt;strong&gt;atrae&lt;/strong&gt; a los peces.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bait&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a small amount of &lt;strong&gt;food on a hook&lt;/strong&gt; (= curved piece of wire) or in a&#xA;  special device used to &lt;strong&gt;attract&lt;/strong&gt; and catch a fish or animal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además en relación a clickbait, el titular cortado, la imagen prometedora o lo que sea que te atrae a clicar es lo que recibe la denominación. Es un cebo para clics. El link es el anzuelo, es lo que te arrastra a otra página. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagen Prometedora ó Titular sesgado = cebo = bait. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link = anzuelo = hook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=98ULSyc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ciber-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;elem. compos. Indica &lt;strong&gt;relación con redes informáticas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Ciberespacio, cibernauta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ciber-&lt;/strong&gt; es un prefijo que suena bien a los nacidos en el siglo XX porque nos habla del futuro. De que ya están cerca los robocordones y los coches voladores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como podeis apreciar por su definición añade a la palabra información muy relevante, el &lt;strong&gt;donde&lt;/strong&gt; está puesto ese cebo: en las redes informáticas, en internet. Se pierde el clic pero ahora se puede usar para agrupar a todos esos neotérminos mencionados por @Diego: likebait, linkbait, sharebait, tweetbait ... Todo eso son cibercebos. Trampantojos cibernéticos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: Trampantojo es mencionado en el enlace que he puesto de la Fundéu, no es merito mío mencionarlo. Una gran palabra puesta de moda ultimamente por los programas de cocina. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=aGlyc8T&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trampantojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. &lt;strong&gt;Trampa o ilusión con que se engaña&lt;/strong&gt; a alguien haciéndole ver lo que no es.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;strong&gt;cibercebo&lt;/strong&gt; perdemos la palabra &quot;clic&quot;, que es lo que se busca atraer, que hagamos clic en el enlace. Y aquí si entramos en la parte subjetiva. Click-cebo, cliccebo o cebo de clics no me parecen términos atractivos, no son bien sonantes, son complicados de escribir. Dos c's seguidas están pidiendo que se elimine una y se quede en clicebo y se pierda la separación nítida entre los términos constituyentes. Estas son apreciaciones totalmente personales, por supuesto. Di no a clicebo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo: &lt;strong&gt;cazaclics&lt;/strong&gt; está muy bien, pero no despreciemos &lt;strong&gt;cibercebo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T08:01:54.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28468" CreationDate="2019-01-30T08:23:35.777" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo varios conocidos &lt;strong&gt;en España&lt;/strong&gt; que practican este deporte de vez en cuando, y las palabras que usan son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;snow&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;snowboard&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse al deporte en sí;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tabla de &lt;em&gt;snow&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o simplemente &lt;strong&gt;tabla&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a la tabla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—El finde nos vamos a Sierra Nevada a hacer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;snow&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿te apuntas?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No puedo, se me ha roto la &lt;strong&gt;tabla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Para Navidades me he pillado una &lt;strong&gt;tabla de &lt;em&gt;snow&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Mis amigos hacen &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;snowboard&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; todos los años en Reyes y quiero ir con ellos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy consciente de que, si queremos usar el inglés, lo correcto sería usar &lt;em&gt;snowboarding&lt;/em&gt; para referirse al deporte y &lt;em&gt;snowboard&lt;/em&gt; para la tabla; pero en mi experiencia no se usan así en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tabla de nieve&lt;/em&gt; no lo he oído ni leído en mi vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T08:53:09.123" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T08:53:09.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28461" CreationDate="2019-01-30T10:42:23.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As pointed by @ukemi and according to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/brazen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;brazen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Made of brass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;brass&lt;/strong&gt; translates into Spanish as &lt;strong&gt;latón&lt;/strong&gt;, a different alloy from &lt;strong&gt;bronze&lt;/strong&gt; although they both contain copper. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that probably the translator considered it a typo, that &quot;branze&quot; was really &quot;bronze&quot; and translated it accordingly to &quot;bronce&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T10:42:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28472" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28517" CreationDate="2019-01-30T10:49:36.530" Score="4" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés, la expresión &lt;em&gt;tongue-in-cheek&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tongue%20in%20cheek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/tongue-in-cheek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue-in-cheek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;) se usa para indicar que algo debe entenderse en tono de broma, irónico, o simplemente que no debe tomarse en serio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si revisamos los &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/tongue+in+cheek.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplos en Linguee&lt;/a&gt;, vemos que no hay una manera establecida de traducir esta expresión. De hecho, los cuatro primeros que me aparecen tienen cada uno una traducción diferente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tongue-in-cheek&lt;/strong&gt; comment&lt;/em&gt; → observación &lt;strong&gt;algo burlona&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;their acidic and ironic lyrics, their &lt;strong&gt;tongue-in-cheek&lt;/strong&gt; universe&lt;/em&gt; → letras ácidas e irónicas, &lt;strong&gt;llenas de humor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;tongue-in-cheek&lt;/strong&gt; humor&lt;/em&gt; → humor &lt;strong&gt;irónico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;I would tell him, equally &lt;strong&gt;tongue-in-cheek&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; → le diría, también &lt;strong&gt;en broma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mientras que otros ejemplos directamente omiten la expresión y se quedan tan panchos. Incluso la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue-in-cheek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entrada de la Wikipedia en español&lt;/a&gt; la usa tal cual, sin ofrecer una traducción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que el origen de esta expresión, que literalmente significa &quot;con la lengua en la mejilla&quot;, viene del gesto de presionar la mejilla desde dentro con la lengua, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aqv0s.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;tongue in cheek&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Autor: Piers Nye. Licencia Creative Commons &lt;a href=&quot;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BY-NC&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/piers_nye/2350197149&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enlace al original&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿&lt;strong&gt;existe en español alguna palabra o expresión para referirse a este gesto&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y en caso de que no la haya, ¿existe alguna otra expresión, relacionada con gestos, que pueda usarse en el mismo sentido que el &lt;em&gt;tongue in cheek&lt;/em&gt; inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T11:32:45.113" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T14:38:41.683" Title="Español para el gesto de &quot;tongue-in-cheek&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28473" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preguntas sobre el betacismo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El betacismo es un fenómeno lingüístico muy característico, sobre todo, de algunas lenguas romances (español, gallego, a veces catalán, así como occitano, sardo, dialectos norteños del portugués y algunos dialectos sureños de Italia, aunque también se da esporádicamente en rumano y otras lenguas y dialectos romances) que consiste en unir la pronunciación de los sonidos [b] y [β] o [v]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28474" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" Score="0" Body="For questions relating to betacism -  a sound change in which [b] and [v] are confused." OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T13:52:57.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28476" CreationDate="2019-01-30T15:27:50.673" Score="2" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE solo dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y30E4kr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. m. Pájaro americano muy semejante al jilguero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tipo de pájaro es exactamente, y cuál es la etimología de su nombre?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T17:48:06.227" Title="¿Qué especie de pájaro es un &quot;siu&quot;? ¿De dónde viene su nombre?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;animales&gt;&lt;chile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28475" CreationDate="2019-01-30T15:27:50.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En su primera entrada en el DLE (1917) dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SIU.&lt;/strong&gt; m. &lt;em&gt;Amer.&lt;/em&gt; Entre los indios &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=3PbdEzZ|3Pbx76V&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;araucanos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;jilguero&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado esto, es probable que la palabra venga del mapuche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las entradas siguientes (1925 - 1989) afirman que se usa en Chile. Dado que &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Aves_de_Chile#Fringillidae_(Jilgueros)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las únicas especies de fringílidos (&quot;jilgueros&quot;) que viven en Chile&lt;/a&gt; son los &quot;siskins&quot;, es probable que se refiera a [una de] las cinco especies que hay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T17:48:06.227" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T17:48:06.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28479" CreationDate="2019-01-31T02:43:11.767" Score="13" ViewCount="2569" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn&lt;/em&gt; has this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Po' little 'Lizabeth! po' little Johnny!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish translation of that is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Probecita Lizabeth! ¡Probecito John!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the speaker says &quot;po'&quot; instead of &quot;poor&quot;, is that why the translator transmogrifies &quot;pob&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;ecit&quot; into &quot;p&lt;strong&gt;r&lt;/strong&gt;obecit&quot;, or is it a double typo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That can hardly be, because a little later it reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Ay, probecita! ¡Que el Señor y todos los santos perdonen al pobre Jim!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and later yet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poor things! to be left alone in the cold world so.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;¡Pobrecitas! Quedarse así solas en este frío mundo...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it common for less-educated (or younger) ones to pronounce &quot;pobrecita/a&quot; as &quot;probecita/o&quot;? It &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; easier to say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2111" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-31T08:57:55.950" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T15:50:50.660" Title="Is &quot;Probecita/o&quot; a &quot;sloppy&quot; way of saying &quot;Pobrecita/a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28478" CreationDate="2019-01-31T05:56:37.493" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Probe&lt;/strong&gt; solo aparece en el DLE en 1803 y de 1817, con la definición:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo mismo que POBRE  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado en el CORDE &lt;strong&gt;probe&lt;/strong&gt; aparece en numerosas ocasiones, desde por ejemplo:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... este Núñez ... es un &lt;strong&gt;probe&lt;/strong&gt; hombre é no tiene que prestar ...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [Anónimo, &lt;strong&gt;1548&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Testimonio original de información para el cargo y descargo de Pedro de Valdivia&lt;/em&gt;]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hasta  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... que ruegue a Dios le permita&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  vorvé a naser; pero &lt;strong&gt;probe&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  [Anónimo, &lt;strong&gt;1966&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Canciones españolas&lt;/em&gt;]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T15:50:50.660" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T15:50:50.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28478" CreationDate="2019-01-31T07:24:24.747" Score="12" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it common for less-educated (or younger) ones to pronounce&#xA;  &quot;pobrecita/a&quot; as &quot;probecita/o&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is. In the late nineties there was even a summer hit called &quot;Miguel Canales (&lt;strong&gt;Probe&lt;/strong&gt; Miguel)&quot; by Triana Pura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ay que le estará pasando al &quot;&lt;strong&gt;probe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; Miguel&lt;br/&gt; Que hace mucho tiempo que&#xA;  no sale&lt;br/&gt; Que le estará pasando al &quot;&lt;strong&gt;probe&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; Miguel&lt;br/&gt; Que hace mucho tiempo&#xA;  que no sale&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;English translation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What's happening to po' Miguel?&lt;br/&gt; It's been quite a while since he came&#xA;  out last time&lt;br/&gt; What's happening to po' Miguel?&lt;br/&gt; It's been quite a while since he&#xA;  came out last time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can watch it here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8OJX_IaE44&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8OJX_IaE44&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-01-31T08:51:40.853" LastActivityDate="2019-01-31T08:51:40.853" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28478" CreationDate="2019-01-31T17:05:59.870" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cambio-de-letras-probe-pobre-tadre-tarde.348375/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cambio de letras Probe/Pobre; Tadre/Tarde&lt;/a&gt; you can see that people agree that this is definitely a vulgarism, and that is somewhat common&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; en lugar de pobre o &lt;em&gt;Grabiel&lt;/em&gt; por Gabriel es algo que se escucha con relativa frecuencia en Andalucía&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=I-QpcJ302yIC&amp;amp;pg=PA92&amp;amp;lpg=PA92&amp;amp;dq=probe%20por%20pobre&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=jbrZfliJmJ&amp;amp;sig=ACfU3U0t9j0iZBS8L-x0HYgGqE3hLt-2ow&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwjmxp2osJjgAhVsplkKHTDQCqYQ6AEwDXoECAIQAQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=probe%20por%20pobre&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Modismos comparativos de Andalucía&lt;/a&gt; indicates that this is a case of &lt;em&gt;metathesis&lt;/em&gt; (in grammar, the transposition of sounds or letters in a word), although the book adds no further details about how pervasive this particular example would be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The (google)book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=ad0CAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA104&amp;amp;lpg=PA104&amp;amp;dq=probe%20por%20pobre&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=E28KhNQRs9&amp;amp;sig=ACfU3U2b8wOipDp_ham4tnfsX2aXmfWMfw&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwjmxp2osJjgAhVsplkKHTDQCqYQ6AEwDnoECAsQAQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=probe%20por%20pobre&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Noticia sobre un libro que ha publicado el Sr. D. Francisco Silvela&lt;/a&gt; indicates that &lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; is in fact a vulgarism, corruption of &quot;pobre&quot;, but highlights the interesting note that &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TSXVHEa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pobre&lt;/a&gt; comes from latin &lt;em&gt;pauper&lt;/em&gt;, and that you have &lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; in some other languages like Galician and Portuguese. The book claims that due to this it might be easier to hear &lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;pobre&lt;/em&gt; in the west of Spain (in communities that are closer to Portugal or Galicia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an answer to an existing question explains in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22599/5481&quot;&gt;¿Por qué no decimos “crocodilo”?&lt;/a&gt;, sometimes these examples of &lt;em&gt;metathesis&lt;/em&gt; are the ones that prosper, instead of the regular form. Nevertheless, &lt;em&gt;probe&lt;/em&gt; is a vulgarism that seems in fact to be the perfect fit for the original &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Po'&lt;/strong&gt; little 'Lizabeth!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-01-31T20:49:23.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-31T20:49:23.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28483" CreationDate="2019-02-01T09:06:06.050" Score="6" ViewCount="1537" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now at my place we're getting 45 knot winds, coming from the Southwest.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I know that this wind is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebeche&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lebeche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Spain, but why is it called like that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, since it would be silly to make a different question for each different wind...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;What are the names of the different winds in Spain? And what is the origin of each name?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to be clear, I'm asking about names of winds found in Spain in particular, not about the Spanish name of every single wind in the world ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Por descontado, se aceptan respuestas en español (nombres de los vientos y etimología).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-01T13:24:09.147" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T20:34:42.307" Title="Names of winds in Spain" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2019-02-01T09:40:33.670" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here you have the most common (and also some uncommon) winds in Spain, according to the direction they blow from, taken from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_de_los_vientos#Los_nombres_de_los_vientos_del_Mediterr%C3%A1neo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolionimia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eolonimia&lt;/em&gt; page&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://noticias.eltiempo.es/10-vientos-espana/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;other&lt;/a&gt; sources (entries restricted to those appearing in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;North&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=aGVm8G6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tramontana&lt;/a&gt;. From &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=aLjPyVs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;transmontano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, Latin &lt;em&gt;transmontānus&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;coming from the other side of the mountains&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZbKTODN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Terral&lt;/a&gt;. From &lt;em&gt;tierra&lt;/em&gt;, literallly &quot;coming from the earth&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5uHTUcX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bóreas&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=boreas&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bŏrĕas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;the north wind&quot;, from Greek βορέας &lt;em&gt;boréas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=H3uqSX8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Etesio&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DE%3Aentry%20group%3D26%3Aentry%3Detesius&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ĕtēsius&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, from Greek ἐτήσιος &lt;em&gt;etḗsios&lt;/em&gt; &quot;yearly&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xd5a8r2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Septentrión&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=septentriones&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;septentrio, -ōnis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;the north wind&quot;, from &lt;em&gt;septem&lt;/em&gt; &quot;seven&quot; and &lt;em&gt;trio, -ōnis&lt;/em&gt;, from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Triones&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trĭōnes&lt;/a&gt;, the constellation of the Wain, i. e. &lt;em&gt;Ursa Major&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Ursa Minor&lt;/em&gt; (which were compared to a wagon with oxen yoked to it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OZso86K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Matacabras&lt;/a&gt;. Literally &quot;goat killer&quot;. Also &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=CmUV6UN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;descuernacabras&lt;/a&gt;, literally &quot;able to remove the horns of the goats&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;North-East&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JWLunb3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gregal&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;Graecālis&lt;/em&gt; &quot;from Greece&quot;. Also known as &lt;em&gt;gregario&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;greco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=85TXHTe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cecias&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=caecias&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;caecĭas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;the north-east wind&quot;, from Greek καικίας &lt;em&gt;kaikías&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;East&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NCHYFRd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Levante&lt;/a&gt;. From the cardinal point of the same name, and this from &lt;em&gt;levar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;-nte&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YFjJ9oH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Solano&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YZoufrW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;subsolano&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DS%3Aentry%20group%3D50%3Aentry%3DSolanus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sōlānus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;east wind&quot;. Also known colloquially as &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UyeQ9yl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rabiazorras&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;South-East&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y1KD2YG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Siroco&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MJufSMX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jaloque&lt;/a&gt;. Maybe from Catalan &lt;em&gt;[e]xaloc&lt;/em&gt;, from Hispanic Arabic &lt;em&gt;šaláwq&lt;/em&gt; &quot;sea wind&quot;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=salum&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sălum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;the open sea&quot; or even &quot;a sea of thought, agitation, trouble, etc.&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5jUiVu3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bochorno&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DV%3Aentry%20group%3D29%3Aentry%3DVulturnus%20ventus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vulturnus ventus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;a southeastby-one-third-south wind&quot;, from &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DV%3Aentry%20group%3D29%3Aentry%3DVultur2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vultur&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, a mountain in Apulia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;South&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4QTMznk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Austro&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=RJs1qRX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ostro&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DA%3Aentry%20group%3D93%3Aentry%3Dauster1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;auster, -tri&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;the south wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=7qluXx1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Castellano&lt;/a&gt;. Used colloquially in the Álava region, as it comes from the Castilla region.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;South-West&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=N2D2nL0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lebeche&lt;/a&gt;. From Hispanic Arabic &lt;em&gt;labáč&lt;/em&gt;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DL%3Aentry%20group%3D22%3Aentry%3DLibya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lĭbycus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;of Libya&quot;, as it blows from that direction.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=It2FZfT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Garbino&lt;/a&gt;. From Hispanic Arabic &lt;em&gt;ḡarbí&lt;/em&gt;, from Classic Arabic &lt;em&gt;ḡarbī&lt;/em&gt; &quot;western&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0AVeMd0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ábrego&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DA%3Aentry%20group%3D31%3Aentry%3DAfrica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Afrĭcus ventus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;African wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;West&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Tdz6mVq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Poniente&lt;/a&gt;. From the cardinal point of the same name, from Latin &lt;em&gt;ponens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;. Also poeticallly known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Hgqm1T5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;favonio&lt;/a&gt;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=favonius&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Făvōnĭus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=86qQvqg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;céfiro&lt;/a&gt;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Zephyrus&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zĕphyrus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bWLYrjB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vendaval&lt;/a&gt;. From French &lt;em&gt;vent d'aval&lt;/em&gt; &quot;wind from down under&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=H6HMVNH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Euro&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=eurus&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eurus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;the east wind&quot;, from Greek εὖρος &lt;em&gt;eûros&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;North-West&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PPtX033&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mistral&lt;/a&gt;. From Occitan &lt;em&gt;mistral&lt;/em&gt; &quot;north-west wind&quot;. Also &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NrkaYyL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maestral&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, from Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=magistralis&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;magistrālis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Iju6CxW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Galerna&lt;/a&gt;. From French &lt;em&gt;galerne&lt;/em&gt; &quot;north-west wind&quot;. From Breton &lt;em&gt;gwalarn&lt;/em&gt;, from root &lt;em&gt;gal&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9BgGZ9c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cierzo&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;cercius&lt;/em&gt;, see &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Circius&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;circius&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;a west-northwest wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=IlFjdhI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gallego&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic%20letter%3DG%3Aentry%20group%3D2%3Aentry%3DGallaeci&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gallaecus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, wind coming from the Galician region.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=80Hcg1m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cauro&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=AupYhkK&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coro&lt;/a&gt;. From Latin &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=caurus&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Caurus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;the north-west wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other winds, not typically from Spain but known enough here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=1t9MXIQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alisios&lt;/a&gt;. Of unknown origin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XwHfas9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Simún&lt;/a&gt;. From French &lt;em&gt;simoun&lt;/em&gt;, from dialectal Arabic &lt;em&gt;smūm&lt;/em&gt;, from Classic Arabic &lt;em&gt;samūm&lt;/em&gt; &quot;pestilent wind&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T20:34:42.307" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T20:34:42.307" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-01T13:20:39.623" Score="4" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué en este versiculo de la Biblia que sigue se dice &amp;quot;alma mía&amp;quot; y no &amp;quot;alma mío&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salmos 42:1-2 Reina-Valera 1960 (RVR1960)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;42. Como el ciervo brama por las corrientes de las aguas,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Así clama por ti, oh Dios, &lt;strong&gt;el alma mía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T20:48:38.427" Title="¿Se dice &quot;el alma mía&quot; o &quot;el alma mío&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28485" CreationDate="2019-02-01T13:28:48.607" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has been translated as &lt;em&gt;alma mía&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;em&gt;alma&lt;/em&gt; is a feminine noun. The fact that it is preceded by &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; is because it is stressed on the first &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; and it would not be euphonious to say &lt;em&gt;la alma mía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T13:28:48.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28488" CreationDate="2019-02-01T15:03:25.853" Score="2" ViewCount="1208" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy profesora de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) y tengo dudas en una frase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La siguiente frase es correcta, sin duda alguna:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Había mucha gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero ¿es también posible decirlo así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba mucha gente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sentido de &lt;em&gt;allí se encontraba mucha gente&lt;/em&gt;. ¿O NO es correcto el uso de &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; en este caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La misma estructura en el presente (&lt;em&gt;hay mucha gente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;está mucha gente&lt;/em&gt;) me parece más rara que la del imperfecto, pero no sé por qué. ¿A lo mejor me equivoco y &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; no es posible en absoluto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscándolo en Internet aparecen algunos ejemplos con &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, pero eso no significa nada... A lo mejor aquí hay alguien que me pueda ayudar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21078" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-02T09:56:12.650" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T09:56:12.650" Title="El uso de &quot;estar&quot; y &quot;haber&quot; en &quot;Estaba mucha gente&quot; / &quot;Había mucha gente&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28487" CreationDate="2019-02-01T18:03:33.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Yo creo que es incorrecto.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el problema está en la sustitución inadecuada de &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; para denotar existencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explican en fundéu en la entrada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/habia-habian-muchas-personas-haber-uso-impersonal/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;había muchas personas&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;habían muchas personas&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como explica el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/habia-muchas-personas-ha-habido-quejas-hubo-problemas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/a&gt;, el uso impersonal del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; tiene, entre otras funciones, la de &lt;strong&gt;señalar la presencia o la existencia de lo referido por la palabra o palabras a las que acompaña&lt;/strong&gt;, como en «aquí hay mucha gente» o «ha habido cierto avance en las negociaciones».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas palabras no constituyen el sujeto (con el que debe concordar el verbo), ya que se trata de un uso impersonal, sino el objeto directo (con el que no concuerda nunca el verbo), por lo que el verbo haber siempre debe aparecer en singular, es decir, no es adecuado escribir &lt;em&gt;habían muchas personas&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;habrán muchas personas&lt;/em&gt;, sino &lt;em&gt;había muchas personas&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;habrá muchas personas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta particularidad del verbo &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; no se cumple para &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;, ya que &lt;em&gt;haber&lt;/em&gt; se usa para hablar de la &lt;strong&gt;existencia&lt;/strong&gt; o no de personas, animales, objetos y lugares&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay un coche blanco en la calle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hay una farmacia en esa esquina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; se usa para denotar estado (&amp;quot;estoy enfadado; el coche está roto&amp;quot;) y una relación de &lt;em&gt;tiempo y espacio&lt;/em&gt; (que está más relacionado con el uso antes mencionado de &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot;, en el sentido de &amp;quot;denotar existencia&amp;quot;, pero no llega a se exactamente lo mismo y por tanto un verbo no es sustituible por el otro en todos los casos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice el DpD en su entrada para &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=phjmVDAG4D6WPVG3Nr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;punto 4, uso como verbo impersonal&lt;/a&gt;, en su explicación sobre si es )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] la excepcionalidad que supone la existencia de un verbo impersonal transitivo, sumado al influjo de &lt;strong&gt;otros verbos que comparten con haber su significado «existencial», como &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, existir, ocurrir, todos ellos verbos personales con sujeto, explica que muchos hablantes interpreten erróneamente el sustantivo que aparece pospuesto al verbo haber como su sujeto y, consecuentemente, pongan el verbo en tercera persona del plural cuando dicho sustantivo es plural&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que explica porqué &amp;quot;Hubieron muchos factores que se opusieron a la realización del proyecto&amp;quot; es erróneo y que lo correcto es &amp;quot;Hubo muchos factores que se opusieron a la realización del proyecto&amp;quot;, pero quería recalcar de ese párrafo que haber y estar comparten ese &amp;quot;significado «existencial»&amp;quot;. Y el propio DpD pone &amp;quot;existencial entrecomillado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aclarada esta particularidad de &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; es su uso impersonal y las similitudes entre &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; para &amp;quot;denotar existencia&amp;quot;, habría que recalcar que uno dice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hay&lt;/strong&gt; un libro en la mesa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está un libro en la mesa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No es necesariamente incorrecto en todos los casos. La validez puede depender del contexto, pero creo que los contextos que lo harían válido serían aquellos en los que se usa &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; para explicar una relación espacio-temporal, más que meramente &lt;em&gt;existencial&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, como apunta guifa en su comentario, la validez de &amp;quot;estaba mucha gente&amp;quot; podría depender de un contexto en el que se sobreentendiese &amp;quot;&amp;quot;estaba mucha gente allí (en ese momento)&amp;quot; o, por poner otro ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba un libro en la mesa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es válido si quieres explicar que en un momento preciso, el libro se &lt;em&gt;encontraba&lt;/em&gt; (que no deja de ser &amp;quot;existía&amp;quot;) en la mesa (&amp;quot;Un libro estaba en la mesa&amp;quot; suena y se entiende mejor). Sin embargo, decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estaba un libro (en la mesa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para decir que existía un libro (y que daba la casualidad de que su situación espacial era sobre una mesa) suena forzado, al intentar sustituir &amp;quot;haber&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;estar&amp;quot; para indicar &amp;quot;existencia&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi conclusión es por tanto que tal uso debe evitarse. Se entiende perfectamente, pero también se entiende usos incorrectos como &amp;quot;Hubieron muchos factores&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;habían muchas gentes&amp;quot;. El verbo &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; debería usarse para explicar una relación espacio-temporal y no una &lt;em&gt;existencial&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T18:03:33.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1826" CreationDate="2019-02-01T20:45:19.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;De nada: literal translation is close to, &quot;It was nothing.&quot; &#xA;but as everyone knows, the usage is pretty much exactly translated to, &quot;You're welcome.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay de que: literal translation is close to, &quot;No reason to thank me.&quot;&#xA;but the feeling is more formal, closer to, &quot;It was my pleasure.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is based on my experience, and this obviously varies among different Latin cultures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21083" LastActivityDate="2019-02-01T20:45:19.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28490" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-01T22:06:57.310" Score="3" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen often in Spanish prepositions precede infinitives where no preposition is translated in English. For example, 'Es importante aprender &lt;strong&gt;a escribir&lt;/strong&gt;, or &quot;Estoy emocionado &lt;strong&gt;de trabajar&lt;/strong&gt; para Tim&quot;, or &quot; Necesitas estudiar &lt;strong&gt;para ser inteligente.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; When do you need a preposition before an infinitive, and which preposition when? Gracias! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21084" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-02T13:18:43.487" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T13:18:43.487" Title="Prepositions that precede infinitives" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28491" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-01T22:56:41.267" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding of indirect objects is that convey the &quot;to whom&quot; or &quot;for whom&quot; of an action. In English, the indirect object can be used with a preposition (She gave a gift &lt;strong&gt;to me&lt;/strong&gt;), or without (She gave &lt;strong&gt;me&lt;/strong&gt; a gift). In Spanish, when is it proper to use the indirect object (Ella se lo dijo), and when it is proper to use a preposition (Ella lo compró para él), or when is both or either acceptable?  ¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21087" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T04:28:23.363" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:31:16.333" Title="When to use indirect objects vs prepositions" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28492" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28495" CreationDate="2019-02-02T00:40:36.857" Score="3" ViewCount="405" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider this dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¿El hotel está bien, Dana?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella levantó los hombros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Estuve en peores. Este por lo menos tiene agua caliente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the last line. Should it be: &amp;quot;Estuve en peores. Este, por lo menos, tiene agua caliente.&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21088" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T16:16:52.073" Title="Should &quot;por lo menos&quot; be between comas?" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28491" CreationDate="2019-02-02T02:18:07.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are basically three (and a half) different combinations you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit indirect object (uses &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Di algo a María&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is used when the indirect object has yet to be introduced, or it would not be clear from context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit indirect object (uses &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;) plus pronoun:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Le di algo a María&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Identical in meaning to the first.  Used when you haven't introduced who you're giving it to yet.  Particularly emphatic when it comes in front of the verb, but otherwise it's basically fully interchangeable with the (1) with no real difference in interpretation.  If the explicit object is a pronoun (&lt;em&gt;a mí/ti/él…&lt;/em&gt;) in which case you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; use both.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indirect object pronoun:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Le di algo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Used when context makes it clear who it is.  This will be the default if the indirect object is first or second person (&lt;em&gt;me/te/nos/os&lt;/em&gt;), as the lack of ambiguity makes the redundancy automatically emphatic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit pseudo-indirect object (uses &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Di algo para María&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I label this as pseudo because in Spanish grammar, complements introduced with &lt;em&gt;para&lt;/em&gt;, though they often fulfill a similar or even identical function as those with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, are not considered to be true indirect objects mainly because they are incompatible with the redundant pronoun used, and they allow for some things that the true object doesn't (for example, &lt;em&gt;nos hice algo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;hice algo a nosotros&lt;/em&gt; are considered improper, but &lt;em&gt;hice algo &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; nosotros&lt;/em&gt; is fine).  Furthermore, it can coappear with the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;compré algo a María para sus padres&lt;/em&gt;), and in such a case only the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; complement can be converted to an indirect object pronoun (&lt;em&gt;les compré algo a María&lt;/em&gt; doesn't work, but &lt;em&gt;le compré algo para sus padres&lt;/em&gt; does).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T04:31:16.333" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T04:31:16.333" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-02T03:24:58.757" Score="4" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be slang.  I don’t want it to be formal.  Here is the sentence I want to translate (but I really just need the word “friendly” done):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With you, this competition is fun.  Like a race, but almost &lt;strong&gt;friendly&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14689" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T09:32:46.173" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T15:24:05.837" Title="What is idiomatically the best word to use for &quot;friendly&quot; when applying to the sentiment of a competition?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28492" CreationDate="2019-02-02T04:44:25.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/dpd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (DPD), there are these rules for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=coma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;use of coma&lt;/a&gt; that may concern to you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1&lt;/strong&gt; Deben utilizarse dos comas, una delante del comienzo del inciso y otra al final [...] en aposiciones explicativas [...] o cuaqluier otra clase de comentario, explicación o precisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2.11.&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe coma detrás de determinados enlaces [...],  así como detrás de muchos adverbios o locuciones adverbiales que modifican a toda la oración y no solo a uno de sus elementos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that we use coma when 1) we introduce extra information that is not syntactically related with any other part of the sentence (like the relationship between subject and predicate), and 2) we use a &lt;code&gt;locución adverbial&lt;/code&gt; (adverb phrase) to modify the whole sense of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your exemple, we do have to use coma because &lt;code&gt;por lo menos&lt;/code&gt; —a &lt;code&gt;locución adverbial&lt;/code&gt; that denotes an exception, according to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OuzZNmN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt;,— is both giving extra info and modifying the whole sense of the sentence. That hotel is bad BUT it has hot water and the others didn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T16:16:52.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28485" CreationDate="2019-02-02T05:16:09.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As stated by 'Walter Mitty's' comment it's important to explain why &lt;code&gt;el alma&lt;/code&gt;, rather than &lt;code&gt;la alma&lt;/code&gt; (maybe it's the origin of OP's confusion on the use of the feminine or masculine possesive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alma is a feminine noun&lt;/strong&gt;. However, there's an interesting rule in Spanish regarding the use of &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt; (the feminine definite article) and &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; (masculine definite article). The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=el&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas (DPD)&lt;/a&gt; states the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.1.&lt;/strong&gt; El artículo femenino la toma obligatoriamente la forma el cuando se antepone a sustantivos femeninos que comienzan por /a/ tónica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In plain english, this means that we have to use &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; in all feminine nouns that begin with a stressed letter a. &lt;strong&gt;This doesn't mean that the gender of the noun is changing!&lt;/strong&gt; We only change the article. Exemples (these are all feminine nouns):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agua: &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; Agua (Á-GU-A. Stress in the first a, therefore we use &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Águila: &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; Águila (Á-GUI-LA. Stress in the first a, therefore we use &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aviación: &lt;strong&gt;LA&lt;/strong&gt; Aviación (A-VIA-CIÓN. Stress on the last syllable, therefore we use &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example (&lt;code&gt;el alma mía&lt;/code&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;we use the feminine possessive&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;mía&lt;/code&gt;) because &lt;code&gt;alma&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;is a feminine noun&lt;/strong&gt;. However, we use &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; (the masculine article), because the first &quot;a&quot; in &lt;code&gt;alma&lt;/code&gt; is stressed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-02T20:48:38.427" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T20:48:38.427" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28494" CreationDate="2019-02-02T07:28:22.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have the adjective &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;amistoso, a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, a word that you can use at all levels, both in formal and informal contexts. It has &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=2MteLWd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the following meaning&lt;/a&gt;, explicitly saying that it is used to speak about friendly competition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicho de un encuentro deportivo: Que no es de competición.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very common in Spanish to talk about &lt;em&gt;partidos amistosos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;encuentros amistosos&lt;/em&gt; and so on, so you can certainly say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contigo, la competición es divertida. Como una carrera, pero casi amistosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a slang term, be aware that slang words tend to suffer from regional variations. For instance, you may substitute &lt;em&gt;amistoso&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;de colegueo&lt;/em&gt; (derived from &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=9l4ZtQ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colega&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), but probably you will be understood only in Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use in Spain the expression &lt;em&gt;de buen rollo&lt;/em&gt;, but then drop the &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Como una carrera, pero de buen rollo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use this expression when we want to convey the feeling of something having a good vibe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T15:24:05.837" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T15:24:05.837" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28494" CreationDate="2019-02-02T07:33:54.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term used for friendly competitions is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2MteLWd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amistoso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, like in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_amistoso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;partido amistoso&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;These friendly matches are played outside any official competitions and so are supposed to be more fun and less serious; however, due to the natural competitiveness of sports players, more often than not &quot;amistoso&quot; matches end up being not-so-friendly :/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you and wanted to convey the meaning of a fun and friendly competition, I would use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;partido &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5Lgp4JY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;benéfico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;: the kind made to rise funds for something. Now these are just a type of &quot;amistoso&quot;, but in &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt; kind of matches / races / whatever it doesn't matter who wins, so players use to leave some of their competitiveness aside and just have fun :)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if somebody said to me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue como jugar un partido &lt;strong&gt;amistoso&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would understand that it was a normal match, but with an irrelevant result.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However if someone told me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue como jugar un partido &lt;strong&gt;benéfico&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd definitely understand that it was a fun and friendly match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ROsZqkH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pachanga&lt;/a&gt;, which means specifically &quot;an informal, friendly match of soccer, basketball or other sports&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-02T07:39:01.767" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T07:39:01.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28490" CreationDate="2019-02-02T12:44:34.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prepositions are notoriously idiosyncratic. Often there is no apparent logic to them. They must be learned together with the verbs or adjectives they tend to accompany. They cannot be freely translated from one language to another, and you should not expect Spanish to coincide with English in this respect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples you refer to infinitives, so you're probably wondering why &lt;em&gt;learn to write&lt;/em&gt; translates as &lt;em&gt;aprender a escribir&lt;/em&gt; and so on. Now, the fact that &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; is used to mark infinitives in English shouldn't obscure the fact that &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; is also a preposition, and is clearly acting like one in &lt;em&gt;study to be smart&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other two examples are doubtful. In &lt;em&gt;learn to write&lt;/em&gt;, the phrase &lt;em&gt;to write&lt;/em&gt; can be interpreted as the infinitive acting as the direct object of the verb, in which case you're right (English just uses the infinitive while Spanish needs a preposition before it). If so, then it's just a matter of different grammars. But note that you could use &lt;em&gt;learn writing&lt;/em&gt;, with the &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form as the direct object, parallel to &lt;em&gt;learn mathematics&lt;/em&gt;, but you mostly don't; this suggests that &lt;em&gt;learn to write&lt;/em&gt; is not parallel to &lt;em&gt;learn mathematics&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;to write&lt;/em&gt; is not a unit, but simply a combination of preposition + verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that gives this away is that in other cases, other prepositions are used with a gerund for essentially the same kind of construction: &lt;em&gt;used for serving dessert&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;charged with caring for the children&lt;/em&gt;; etc. English also uses &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; with gerunds in &lt;em&gt;he was used to sleeping until late&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference between the languages, therefore, is that Spanish uses a lot of prepositions with a single form of the verb (the infinitive), while English uses mostly one preposition (&lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt;) with the base form of the verb, and the rest of the prepositions with another form (the gerund or &lt;em&gt;-ing&lt;/em&gt; form). Spanish doesn't use its gerunds with prepositions at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming to your question at last: there's no comprehensive list of which preposition goes with each verb, and we couldn't give it here anyway (this is for specific questions, not to ask for lists). You'll need to see which goes with which as you find them. One thing that can be noted is that Spanish doesn't use its infinitives without prepositions much. They don't take prepositions when they're the subject of a sentence, of course, but then when subordinated to other verbs or adjectives they almost take one, except in a few cases, like the perception verbs &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;parecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;oír&lt;/em&gt;, etc., and the emotion verbs &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;temer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;odiar&lt;/em&gt;, etc., as well as &lt;em&gt;acostumbrar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;soler&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;veo caer la lluvia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;parece estar muerto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;se oye tronar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;creo haber dicho que...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;temo enterarme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;odio ir al cine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;se acostumbra cenar temprano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;solemos tomar café&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T12:44:34.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28503" CreationDate="2019-02-03T04:25:42.220" Score="4" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo con la 6.&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; acepción de '&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UZtOEos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;puente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;', se toma como una sucesión de feriados utilizados para vacaciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este término, aparece en el mapa de diccionarios &lt;em&gt;recientemente&lt;/em&gt; (en 1992) y en 1925 aparece la frase &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;hacer puente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; donde se toma como feriado un día que no lo es pero está situado entre dos (que parece ser la frase de origen con un tinte metafórico). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Desde qué época se utiliza el término 'puente' con este sentido? ¿Viene desde la frase &quot;&lt;em&gt;hacer puente&lt;/em&gt;&quot; el posterior &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;día puente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (2 o más festivos consecutivos) para el actual 'puente'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T08:21:07.387" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T08:21:07.387" Title="Origen de puente como sinónimo de feriado" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18880" CreationDate="2019-02-03T06:18:46.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Históricamente la falta de correspondencia exacta entre fonología y ortografía llevó a muchos escribas del Medioevo a transcribir con &quot;creatividad variada&quot; los signos atribuibles a ciertos grafemas. Eso se hacía con el objeto de &quot;acentuar&quot; o adecuar ciertas pronunciaciones, por lo que es un error atribuir únicamente al mero acto decorativo la inclusión de alteraciones gráficas sobre algunos caracteres &quot;estandarizados&quot; de la época. La ſ no es la excepción, pues cuando está escrita con trazo izquierdo (asemejándose gráficamente a la f) su pronunciación es más aproximada a la conjunción &quot;ts&quot; o &quot;tz&quot;, como es el caso de muchos toponímicos —en Francia y Alemania— que contienen ſ con trazo izquierdo y cuyas derivaciones onomásticas terminaron siendo transcriptas modernamente como tz, conservando esa pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21096" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T06:18:46.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28501" CreationDate="2019-02-03T06:19:00.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar alguna referencia académica o en diccionarios sobre el origen de esta peculiar expresión en español. Pero yo sospecho que es de origen francés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En francés también existe la expresión &lt;em&gt;Faire le pont&lt;/em&gt;, literalmente &quot;hacer puente&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.academie-francaise.fr/le-dictionnaire/la-9e-edition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Academia Francesa&lt;/a&gt; detalla el significado de esta expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://academie.atilf.fr/9/consulter/pont?page=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en la entrada para la palabra &lt;em&gt;pont&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (puente):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Faire le pont&lt;/em&gt;, ne pas travailler durant les jours ouvrés séparant deux jours fériés&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Español: &lt;em&gt;hacer el puente&lt;/em&gt;: no trabajar durante los días hábiles que separan a dos días feriados.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;a href=&quot;http://atilf.atilf.fr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TLFi&lt;/a&gt;, e&lt;strong&gt;l registro de autoridad más antiguo de esta expresión en francés es de 1867&lt;/strong&gt;, en el &lt;em&gt;Dictionnaire de la Langue Verte&lt;/em&gt; de Alfred Delvau:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;1867&lt;/strong&gt; «congé que s'accorde un employé pour joindre deux autres congés qui lui ont été accordés» (Delvau); &lt;strong&gt;1867&lt;/strong&gt; faire le pont (ibid.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Español:  «días de descanso que se conceden a un empleado para unir dos otros días de descanso que le habían sido concedidos».)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T02:52:25.967" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T02:52:25.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28515" CreationDate="2019-02-03T06:27:22.797" Score="2" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that both words came from the Italian word &lt;em&gt;bizzarro&lt;/em&gt;. However, why their meaning is so different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bizarre&lt;/strong&gt;: adjective. Very strange and unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, the Diccionario de la Lengua Española &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5dC5eFT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;states this&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bizarro&lt;/strong&gt;: adj. valiente (|| arriesgado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a particular reason the meaning diverged? At one point did they mean the same in both languages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T11:22:43.083" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T11:23:50.940" Title="Why 'bizarre' (English) and 'bizarro' (Spanish) have different meanings?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28505" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-03T08:35:31.723" Score="0" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Rosetta Stone, which is great, but it started off teaching me &lt;em&gt;“el hombre”&lt;/em&gt; then suddenly switched to &lt;em&gt;“al hombre”&lt;/em&gt;. I know &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt; is a contraction of &lt;em&gt;a el&lt;/em&gt;, but I can't understand when to use &lt;em&gt;el&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;al&lt;/em&gt;; e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Al&lt;/strong&gt; hombre le gusta jugar el fútbol.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; hombre come.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21097" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-06T13:42:14.667" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T13:42:14.667" Title="What is the difference between “el hombre” and “al hombre”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2019-02-06T14:02:55.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28506" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-03T19:07:36.490" Score="2" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entonces se iba feliz a su casa para no seguir desafiando al azar,&#xA;  pero después se sentía enloquecer de ansiedad &lt;strong&gt;porque&lt;/strong&gt; volvieran a ser&#xA;  todo el día las cinco de la tarde de todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&lt;em&gt;El amor en los tiempos del cólera&lt;/em&gt;, Editorial Debols!llo]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo si es un error tipográfico o si es de verdad correcto. ¿Debemos escribirlo separado → &lt;em&gt;asiedad por algo&lt;/em&gt; (con valor final)? ¿O tiene valor causal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12888" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T20:00:54.330" Title="¿&quot;por que&quot; o &quot;porque&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;conjunciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28506" CreationDate="2019-02-03T20:00:54.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser un error (del autor, nunca corregido, o de la edición), ya que efectivamente el uso normal es &lt;em&gt;ansiedad por [objeto]&lt;/em&gt;, donde el [objeto] en este caso sería la proposición subordinada &lt;em&gt;que volvieran a ser...&lt;/em&gt;. El valor es de finalidad; dado el uso del subjuntivo en la subordinada, que aquí denota deseo, no cabe interpretar que sea causal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El servicio de consultas de la RAE lo explica en su artículo sobre la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/porque-porque-por-que-por-que&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;porqué&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;porque&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;por qué&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;por que&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; es el último de los casos considerados, donde se encuentra &quot;la preposición &lt;em&gt;por&lt;/em&gt; + la conjunción subordinante &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Hay justamente un ejemplo con &lt;em&gt;ansiedad por...&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Están ansiosos &lt;strong&gt;por que&lt;/strong&gt; empecemos a trabajar en el proyecto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T20:00:54.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28510" CreationDate="2019-02-03T20:48:25.323" Score="7" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana estaba hablando con un amigo sobre lo que iba a hacer en el gimnasio y le dije «hoy toca piernas».  Pero me puse a pensar, ¿por qué no es &lt;em&gt;tocan&lt;/em&gt;?  Dudo mucho que &lt;em&gt;piernas&lt;/em&gt; sea objeto directo, ya que me sonaría rarísimo decir &lt;em&gt;hoy las toca&lt;/em&gt;.  Además en otras frases modificaría el verbo según lo que le sigue: &lt;em&gt;me toca un examen&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;me tocan dos exámenes&lt;/em&gt;.  Sin duda es sujeto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda por Google muestra que no soy el único en preferir el verbo singular en la expresión (lo mismo con «abdominales» o «brazos»): las formas en plural son una pequeña minoría, y las en singular una plena mayoría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la lógica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T21:11:08.413" Title="«Hoy toca(n) piernas»" Tags="&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28511" CreationDate="2019-02-03T21:06:53.663" Score="5" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Necesito hacer la traducción de un artículo de investigación en lingüística y me encontré con el término &quot;nonce words&quot;, que hace referencia a un lexema no existente en la lengua objeto de estudio, creado &lt;em&gt;ad hoc&lt;/em&gt;. Estuve buscando artículos en español para ver si encontraba alguno en el que se empleara la forma española de este término, pero no encontré ninguno (tampoco dispongo de mucho tiempo como para hacer una búsqueda extensa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Me podrían ayudar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21063" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T08:24:13.290" LastActivityDate="2020-10-11T13:09:16.317" Title="Traducción de &quot;nonce words&quot; en español" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;lingüística&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28508" CreationDate="2019-02-03T21:11:08.413" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piernas&lt;/em&gt; es una elipsis por &lt;em&gt;rutina de (ejercicio para las) piernas&lt;/em&gt; o por el igualmente elíptico &lt;em&gt;hacer piernas&lt;/em&gt;, que es como se suele decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que haya muchos otros ejemplos similares, pero se me ocurre un diálogo como el que sigue, donde hay que suponer una persona que va a comer siempre lo mismo (pollo o pescado, digamos) pero cambiando el acompañamiento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Qué preferiría Ud. hoy de guarnición?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Hoy me gustaría papas fritas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta falta de concordancia entre el verbo en singular &lt;em&gt;gustaría&lt;/em&gt; y el sujeto en plural &lt;em&gt;papas fritas&lt;/em&gt; me resulta totalmente natural en este contexto (y estoy seguro que yo debo emplear frases así todo el tiempo). &lt;em&gt;Papas fritas&lt;/em&gt; en realidad es una elipsis de &lt;em&gt;una guarnición de papas fritas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T21:11:08.413" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28509" CreationDate="2019-02-03T21:30:47.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En inglés un sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;nonce word&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;occasionalism&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; esta salida también se adopta en italiano (&lt;em&gt;occasionalismo&lt;/em&gt;). El único problema es que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocasionalismo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ocasionalismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es también el nombre de una doctrina o conjunto de teorías filosóficas (que no tienen nada que ver con la creación de palabras &lt;em&gt;ad hoc&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas formas, esto no es un problema: no sería la primera vez que un término técnico se refiriese a dos cosas totalmente diferentes, y el contexto siempre permitirá diferenciarlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los términos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;palabra ocasional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ocasionalismo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; aparecen en un artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0185308213724106&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sobre un poema de Juan Gelman&lt;/a&gt; (en el texto y en una de las notas, respectivamente) refiriéndose explícitamente a &lt;em&gt;nonce words&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j0ntH.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j0ntH.png&quot; alt=&quot;ocasionalismo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otro artículo (de la Revista Nebrija, sobre &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nebrija.com/revista-linguistica/files/articulosPDF/articulo_582cb2759f6d5.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Calcos y otras estrategias compensatorias en dos tipos de enseñanza bilingüe finés-español&lt;/a&gt;&quot; [PDF]) se habla de &lt;em&gt;préstamos ocasionales&lt;/em&gt; y una nota aclara que esta expresión es traducción de &lt;em&gt;nonce borrowing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay unos cuantos ejemplos más que no citaré porque se pueden encontrar fácilmente combinando los términos &lt;em&gt;nonce word palabra ocasional&lt;/em&gt; y similares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo dicho yo sugeriría que la traducción castellana de &lt;em&gt;nonce word&lt;/em&gt; debería ser &lt;em&gt;palabra ocasional&lt;/em&gt; u &lt;em&gt;ocasionalismo&lt;/em&gt;, tomando la precaución de definirla, por supuesto, inmediatamente después del primer uso, para evitar confusiones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-02-03T22:26:12.380" LastActivityDate="2019-02-03T22:26:12.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26717" CreationDate="2019-02-04T05:20:52.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, &lt;code&gt;solver&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;resolver&lt;/code&gt; todavía no tienen entradas en el Nuevo Diccionario Histórico del Español (donde, creo, podrías encontrar una respuesta confiable al por qué quedó en desuso y cómo evolucionó su significado).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a tu segunda pregunta (¿cuándo quedó en desuso?):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que tiene más de tres siglos. Una búsqueda en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/diccionarios/diccionarios-anteriores-1726-1992/nuevo-tesoro-lexicografico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nuevo Tesoro Lexicográfico de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; (NTLLE), revela que la entrada más antigua es del Autoridades (1739). Sin embargo, en la entrada se especifica que es una voz en desuso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SOLVER. v.a. Desatar, o resolver. Es voz tomada del Latino &lt;em&gt;Solvere&lt;/em&gt;, que vale lo mismo: pero &lt;strong&gt;ya no tiene uso&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frl.es/Paginas/default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corpus del Diccionario Histórico del Español&lt;/a&gt; revela que el último registro (en España) del uso de &lt;code&gt;solver&lt;/code&gt; es de 1811 —hay un registro boliviano de 1910—.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, en el NTLLE, la entrada más antigua para &lt;code&gt;resolver&lt;/code&gt; es de 1495.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me parece aún más interesante es que, según el Diccionario Vox, &lt;em&gt;solvere&lt;/em&gt; tiene un significado bastante alejado del que le dimos a la palabra &lt;code&gt;solver&lt;/code&gt; en español (o al menos al que está señalado en el DLE y en el Autoridades de 1739):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Solvere&lt;/em&gt;, desatar || levar anclas, zarpar || dejar libre de [...]. || pagar un crédito [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T05:20:52.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28516" CreationDate="2019-02-04T09:24:46.000" Score="7" ViewCount="1137" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy he visto en la tele escrita la palabra &lt;em&gt;ultimátums&lt;/em&gt; y me he acordado del plural de &lt;em&gt;álbum&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;álbumes&lt;/em&gt;. Buscando la explicación de esto &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i#1h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;me encuentro&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;h) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sustantivos y adjetivos terminados en consonantes distintas de&lt;/em&gt; -l, -r, -n, -d, -z, -j, -s, -x, -ch.&lt;/strong&gt; Se trate de onomatopeyas o de voces procedentes de otras lenguas, hacen el plural en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;crac&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;cracs&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;zigzag&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;zigzags&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;esnob&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;esnobs&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;chip&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;chips&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;mamut&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;mamuts&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;cómic&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;cómics&lt;/em&gt;. Se exceptúa de esta regla la palabra &lt;em&gt;club&lt;/em&gt;, que admite dos plurales, &lt;em&gt;clubs&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;clubes&lt;/em&gt;. También son excepciones el arabismo &lt;em&gt;imam&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo plural asentado es &lt;em&gt;imames&lt;/em&gt;, y el latinismo &lt;em&gt;álbum&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo plural asentado es &lt;em&gt;álbumes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Profundizando &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i#1k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;un poco más&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plural de los latinismos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Aunque tradicionalmente se venía recomendando mantener invariables en plural ciertos latinismos terminados en consonante, muchos de ellos se han acomodado ya, en el uso mayoritario, a las reglas de formación del plural que rigen para el resto de las palabras y que han sido expuestas en los párrafos anteriores. Así pues, y como norma general, los latinismos hacen el plural en &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt;, en &lt;em&gt;-es&lt;/em&gt; o quedan invariables dependiendo de sus características formales, al igual que ocurre con el resto de los préstamos de otras lenguas: &lt;em&gt;ratio&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;ratios&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;plus&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;pluses&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;lapsus&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;lapsus&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;nomenclátor&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;nomenclátores&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;déficit&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;déficits&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;hábitat&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;hábitats&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;vademécum&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;vademécums&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;ítem&lt;/em&gt;, pl. &lt;em&gt;ítems&lt;/em&gt;. Únicamente se apartan hoy de esta tendencia mayoritaria los latinismos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-r&lt;/em&gt; procedentes de formas verbales, como &lt;em&gt;cónfer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;confíteor&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;exequátur&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;imprimátur&lt;/em&gt;, cuyo plural sigue siendo invariable. También constituye una excepción la palabra &lt;em&gt;álbum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, procedentes del latín tenemos &lt;em&gt;ultimátums&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;vademécums&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ítems&lt;/em&gt; y en cambio &lt;em&gt;álbumes&lt;/em&gt;. El &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=%C3%A1lbumes%2C%C3%A1lbums&amp;amp;case_insensitive=on&amp;amp;year_start=1850&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t4%3B%2C%C3%A1lbumes%3B%2Cc0%3B%2Cs0%3B%3B%C3%A1lbumes%3B%2Cc0%3B%3B%C3%81lbumes%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2C%C3%A1lbums%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ngram confirma&lt;/a&gt; este asentamiento del plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uJVqu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uJVqu.png&quot; alt=&quot;Álbumes&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, se ve en la gráfica que hacia 1880 la forma &lt;em&gt;álbums&lt;/em&gt; parecía prevalecer. Ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un descendiente del autor que ha hecho muchas biografías, álbums y coronas poéticas a su memoria, negó la autenticidad de estas cartas, pero sin convencer a nadie.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=IjHNwB4tOS0C&amp;amp;pg=PA612&amp;amp;lpg=PA612&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;Un+descendiente+del+autor+que+ha+hecho+muchas+biograf%C3%ADas,+%C3%A1lbums+y+coronas+po%C3%A9ticas+a+su+memoria,+neg%C3%B3+la+autenticidad+de+estas+cartas,+pero+sin+convencer+a+nadie.&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Historia de los heterodoxos españoles&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, 1880-1881 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si fue así, y de hecho el caso más antiguo de &lt;em&gt;álbums&lt;/em&gt; en el CORDE es unos 30 años anterior al primero de &lt;em&gt;álbumes&lt;/em&gt;, ¿por qué acabó prevalenciendo la forma irregular &lt;em&gt;álbumes&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Fue algo debido a la etimología de la palabra, o a recomendaciones de la propia RAE por aquel tiempo? ¿O simplemente era más fácil de pronunciar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T12:07:28.793" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T17:55:04.280" Title="¿Por qué el plural de &quot;álbum&quot; es irregular?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28504" CreationDate="2019-02-04T11:14:02.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the word has always meant the same thing. Here you have what the Percival dictionary said about the word in 1591:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bizarro, &lt;em&gt;brave, gallant&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In 1726 the Royal Spanish Academy said this about the word:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BIZARRO, RA. Generoso, alentado, gallardo, lleno de noble espíritu, lozanía y valor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Vale tambien lucído, mui galán, espendido y adornado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we stick with the meaning of &lt;em&gt;generous, gallant, brave, spendid&lt;/em&gt;. And this is the meaning the Academy is trying to keep today, even when the word is most used with the &quot;strange, unusual&quot; meaning (in Spanish, French, Italian and English). So this seems to be a case of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0eD9A6d-uHs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;everybody's lost but me&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, maybe you would like to ask this same question in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;English Language &amp;amp; Usage&lt;/a&gt; site, or even in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Linguistics&lt;/a&gt; site in your question involves more than one language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fun fact: there has been traces of the &quot;strange, unusual&quot; meaning in Spanish dictionaries, see the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BIZARRO, RRA. &lt;em&gt;Arq.&lt;/em&gt; Edificio de gusto contrario á los principios admitidos en arquitectura. (Zerolo, 1895.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T11:23:50.940" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T11:23:50.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28514" CreationDate="2019-02-04T11:50:53.060" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que es una consecuencia de su pronunciación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los préstamos a castellano que terminan in &quot;-m&quot; generalmente se pronuncian &quot;-n&quot;,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; así que &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A1lbum#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;álbum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se pronuncia vulgarmente &lt;code&gt;/ˈalbun/&lt;/code&gt; y siguiendo las reglas normales de palabras castellanas, las que terminan en &quot;-n&quot; se pluralizan &quot;-es&quot;. Eso también explicaría la otra excepción que notas &lt;em&gt;imames&lt;/em&gt; (de hecho hay las formas castellanizadas &lt;em&gt;imán/imanes&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; y aquellas en un período de 'transición' teniendo dos formas aceptadas e.j. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/album-albumes-albums/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;items/ítemes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las otras palabras o son muy cultas (e.j. préstamos crudos del latín) o muy poco comunes, y por eso supongo que no se han desarrollado formas naturalizadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que la RAE no es consistente en su consejo, y por ejemplo también pluraliza los endonimios &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=O5V76vC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mam&lt;/a&gt;/mames, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TTVQzzi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pocomam&lt;/a&gt;/pocomames&lt;/em&gt; de la manera no prescriptiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. e.j. inglés &lt;em&gt;rum&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WfgeA84&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; CD-ROM &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=sigla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[se-de-rrón, ze-de-rrón]&lt;/a&gt; (sino &lt;em&gt;film&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HvPT03q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;filme&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. Nota los dobletes &lt;em&gt;harem/harén, CD-ROM/&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=862rrly&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cederrón&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TPvF6Y5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plim&lt;/a&gt;/plin, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=7uaObpx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cataplum&lt;/a&gt;/cataplún, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NkgYDnm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;macadam&lt;/a&gt;/macadán, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UeBDBDa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pum&lt;/a&gt;/pun, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Wq2E0Dg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rum rum&lt;/a&gt;/runrún, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Z3el204&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tamtam&lt;/a&gt;/tamtán, tantán&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T17:55:04.280" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T17:55:04.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28472" CreationDate="2019-02-04T14:38:41.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No encuentro expresiones para el mismo gesto, ni tampoco expresiones que indiquen algo parecido. Te indico las más cercanas que he encontrado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PVtkqlz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moflearse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. &lt;em&gt;Sal.&lt;/em&gt; Burlarse de alguien hinchando los mofletes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usada solo en Salamanca, pero es lo más parecido que he encontrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5i6aRwS#BZwK7A1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;torcer la boca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Volver el labio inferior hacia alguno de los carrillos, en ademán o en demostración de disgusto.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No exactamente lo que preguntabas, pero al menos menciona los carrillos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T14:38:41.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28519" CreationDate="2019-02-04T19:02:27.350" Score="4" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me sorprenderé si alguien puede ayudarme, pero necesito esta pieza de repuesto y cuando vaya al mercado de segunda mano no quiero que crean que estoy hablando de la correa si digo algo como &lt;em&gt;bucle&lt;/em&gt;. Por lo visto se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://basicbands.com/fix-a-broken-watch-strap-loop-keeper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;keeper&lt;/a&gt; en inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dItKZ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dItKZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BUAjXm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BUAjXm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T09:03:52.893" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T13:44:12.213" Title="¿Cómo se dice &quot;watch keeper&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28518" CreationDate="2019-02-04T19:22:33.890" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México le llamamos aro o bucle retenedor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T19:22:33.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28518" CreationDate="2019-02-04T19:30:12.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aviso:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Escribiose esta respuesta antes de una aclaración en la pregunta; basose en solo la primera imagen que, en retrospectiva, es algo ambigua por cuestión de escala&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente se llaman &lt;strong&gt;soportes de reloj&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;expositores de reloj&lt;/strong&gt;.  Es, por ejemplo, una de las categorías para accesorios en Amazon.  Imagino que tal vez en el pasado fuesen &lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;porta&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;guarda&lt;/sub&gt;rrelojes&lt;/em&gt; o parecido, porque estos términos me dan resultados pero normalmente en joyería tradicional y más bien como cajas expositores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T13:44:12.213" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T13:44:12.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28523" CreationDate="2019-02-04T21:04:36.073" Score="1" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a song &lt;em&gt;«Baila, baila comigo»&lt;/em&gt; by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domin%C3%B3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dominó&lt;/a&gt; band from Brazil. I paid attention that in some places it's written &lt;code&gt;conmigo&lt;/code&gt; while in another — &lt;code&gt;comigo&lt;/code&gt;. Could you, please, explain me what's the difference? Is it Spanish vs. Portuguese version of the same word?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bonus question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/5793/ba%C3%AFla-vs-baila&quot;&gt;Baïla vs. Baila&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21102" LastEditorUserId="21102" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T22:39:32.510" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T22:49:27.197" Title="Conmigo vs. Comigo" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;portugués&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28518" CreationDate="2019-02-04T21:14:28.267" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo cierto es que nunca me lo había planteado, pero por analogía con los cinturones, yo lo llamaría: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pasador&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien es cierto que no aparece en el DLE, pero es un nombre común en España para las cintas por las que se introduce el cinturón alrededor de la cintura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T08:55:36.043" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T08:55:36.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28521" CreationDate="2019-02-04T21:45:29.207" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the context (a song in Portuguese sung by a Brazilian group), I would assume that when written &lt;code&gt;conmigo&lt;/code&gt; it's indeed a Spanish version of the song; and when written &lt;code&gt;comigo&lt;/code&gt; is a Portuguese (original) version of the song (keeping in mind, of course, that &lt;code&gt;baila&lt;/code&gt; is written in the same way in Spanish and in Portuguese). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although, here's a fun fact regarding the use of &lt;code&gt;comigo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;conmigo&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;comigo&lt;/code&gt; is a word that does exist in Spanish, &lt;strong&gt;although it's quite old and is no longer used&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9w9Db9d&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de la Lengua Española&lt;/a&gt; has an entry for &lt;code&gt;comigo&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; pron. person. 1.ª pers. m. y f. sing. desus. conmigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you may notice, the Dictionary states that it's a word that's &lt;strong&gt;no longer used&lt;/strong&gt;. Even in a dictionary from 1729 (Autoridades), the entry states that the &lt;strong&gt;word is antiquated&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comigo&lt;/strong&gt;: adv. Lo mismo que Conmigo. Es voz antiquada [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-04T22:49:27.197" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T22:49:27.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28525" CreationDate="2019-02-05T08:55:50.343" Score="1" ViewCount="388" Body="&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;solver&lt;/em&gt; se llegó a usar en España con el mismo significado que &lt;em&gt;resolver&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YJmavLR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;solver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;solvĕre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. desus. Resolver una duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. desus. Hallar la solución de un problema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo único es que este verbo ya estaba en desuso en la época del &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;. Y como tal, en el DLE no aparece la conjugación del mismo. Tampoco indica siquiera si su conjugación sigue algún modelo concreto. Así pues, pregunto: ¿era regular el verbo &lt;em&gt;solver&lt;/em&gt;, siguiendo las formas latinas del verbo (&lt;em&gt;solvo&lt;/em&gt;) y de forma similar a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YPPEwxg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sorber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;sorbo&lt;/em&gt;), o seguía el mismo modelo que &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WBV06OC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resolver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;suelvo&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T09:13:59.857" Title="¿Era el verbo &quot;solver&quot; regular o irregular?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;arcaísmos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28524" CreationDate="2019-02-05T08:55:50.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Era irregular y seguía el mismo patrón que &lt;em&gt;resolver&lt;/em&gt;. El CORDE nos da algunos (aunque pocos) ejemplos de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E si bien lo consideráredes, está meior ansí, por cuanto en estas palabras se descubren mayores secretos e se suelven más fuertes dudas que si el sol en logar de la luna fuera memorado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Enrique de Villena, &quot;Exposición del Salmo 'Quoniam videbo'&quot;, 1424 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;amp; si non se te suelve la postema con esto &amp;amp; vieres que ayunta venino, ayudal a mudar con las cosas que maduran &amp;amp; desi abrela con fierro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Tratado de patología&quot;, a1500 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el uso del verbo &lt;em&gt;solver&lt;/em&gt; en este último ejemplo como &quot;deshacer&quot; o &quot;disolver&quot;, significado que también tenía el verbo &lt;em&gt;resolver&lt;/em&gt; por entonces (y mantiene en su &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WBV06OC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acepción 7&lt;/a&gt;, aunque poco usada). Mismo significado que en el siguiente ejemplo, más antiguo, que ilustra además su uso en subjuntivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E sobr'esto pon tú que toda cabeça de río cualquier que sea que por elada o nieve que se suelva da mucha agua que non incha nin crece si non desque entra el verano, ca estonces se comiençan a delizar las nieves e los yelos que el poder del frío tiene elados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alfonso X, &quot;General Estoria. Primera parte&quot;, c1275 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T09:13:59.857" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T09:13:59.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28518" CreationDate="2019-02-05T09:01:02.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hasta donde yo sé, eso se llama &quot;&lt;strong&gt;presilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=U6hJTsj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;presilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del dim. de presa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Cordón o tira pequeña de tela que se pone en una prenda para enganchar un botón o un corchete o para sujetar un cinturón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Anilla o pieza que sirve para enganchar o sujetar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda en Google de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=presilla%20reloj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;imágenes de &quot;presilla reloj&quot;&lt;/a&gt; parece confirmarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T09:01:02.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28527" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28530" CreationDate="2019-02-05T10:16:59.120" Score="9" ViewCount="2667" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mientras visionaba un vídeo en inglés sobre restauración de cuadros, noté que el narrador utilizaba la palabra &lt;em&gt;scalpel&lt;/em&gt; para referirse a lo que yo normalmente llamo &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bisturí&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Esto me hizo recordar que, en algunas ocasiones, también he oído en español llamar &quot;&lt;strong&gt;escalpelo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; al bisturí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE aparecen ambas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5cB56NY&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bisturí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del fr. &lt;em&gt;bistouri&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Instrumento en forma de cuchillo pequeño, de hoja fija en un mango metálico, que sirve para hacer incisiones en tejidos blandos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=G7dZdo0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;escalpelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;scalpellum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Med. Instrumento en forma de cuchillo pequeño, de hoja fina, puntiaguda, de uno o dos cortes, que se usa en las disecciones anatómicas, autopsias y vivisecciones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las definiciones son muy parecidas, pero la de &quot;escalpelo&quot; parece más detallada, y ninguna de las dos redirige a la otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿son realmente sinónimas?&lt;/strong&gt; Es decir, ¿es lo mismo un escalpelo que un bisturí?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Y en caso de que lo sean, ¿cuál de las dos es la más usada o establecida?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-05T14:19:16.543" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:25:12.697" Title="&quot;Escalpelo&quot; vs. &quot;bisturí&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;vocabulario-médico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28529" CreationDate="2019-02-05T12:26:29.750" Score="6" ViewCount="762" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro en el diccionario lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=cDZ4AOd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yudo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del jap. &lt;em&gt;judo&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;jū&lt;/em&gt; 'amable', 'discreto' y &lt;em&gt;dō&lt;/em&gt; 'camino'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Sistema japonés de lucha, que hoy se practica también como deporte, y que tiene por objeto principal defenderse sin armas mediante llaves y movimientos aplicados con destreza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Busqué esta palabra porque imaginaba que en español se habría adaptado la pronunciación de la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; japonesa, y así es. Sin embargo, el diccionario también recoge la grafía original:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MaQP22f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;judo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;yudo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta entrada del DLE no está en cursiva, por lo que entiendo que debe pronunciarse con la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; española. Sin embargo, no recuerdo haber oído a nadie pronunciar &quot;judo&quot; y sí &quot;yudo&quot;. Se me ocurren tres opciones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra se pronuncia &quot;yudo&quot; y la entrada debería estar en cursiva al ser un extranjerismo crudo, como es el caso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=McET5B9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jumbo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Toca avisar a la RAE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra se pronuncia &quot;yudo&quot; aunque esté escrita con &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; y en letra redonda. ¿Hay otros casos en los que la &lt;em&gt;j&lt;/em&gt; se pronuncia como &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Tal vez &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=McsFhwE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;junior&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La palabra se pronuncia &quot;judo&quot;. En este caso, ¿en qué región hispanohablante se pronuncia así? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T11:03:07.840" LastActivityDate="2020-04-18T13:31:42.850" Title="¿Se pronuncia &quot;judo&quot; con la &quot;j&quot; española en alguna parte?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;&lt;japonés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28528" CreationDate="2019-02-05T13:04:56.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como &lt;a href=&quot;https://martialarts.stackexchange.com/users/8910/ukemi?tab=profile&quot;&gt;judoka&lt;/a&gt; que se ha entrenado en varios clubs, nunca he oído la pronunciación ['xudo].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DPD afirma que la ortografía es por la influencia de la ortografía inglés/francés, y no una representación de su pronunciación castellana usual. Sin embargo, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=yudo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recomienda&lt;/a&gt; que &quot;quien escriba &lt;em&gt;judo&lt;/em&gt; debe pronunciar [júdo] y quien diga [yúdo] debe escribir &lt;em&gt;yudo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por influjo de la grafía inglesa y francesa de esta voz, está más extendida en la escritura la forma &lt;em&gt;judo&lt;/em&gt;, que, sin embargo, suele pronunciarse [yúdo]. Debe evitarse esta discordancia entre grafía y pronunciación: quien escriba &lt;em&gt;judo&lt;/em&gt; debe pronunciar [júdo] y quien diga [yúdo] debe escribir &lt;em&gt;yudo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DPD detalla consejos similares sobre la pronunciación de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=j%C3%BAnior&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;júnior&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Su] uso actual en español se ha revitalizado por influjo del inglés &lt;em&gt;junior&lt;/em&gt;. Aunque está notablemente extendida la pronunciación inglesa [yúnior], en español debe decirse [júnior], tal como se escribe, con sonido /j/ inicial...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que la palabra muy relacionada (pero menos común) &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MUpcyd9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;jiu-jitsu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sí aparece en cursiva en su entrada en el DLE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; No entiendo la prescripción contra el uso de -k- en judoka/yudoka, dado que esta ortografía se usa en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26259/what-was-the-first-spanish-word-imported-from-the-japanese-language&quot;&gt;otros préstamos&lt;/a&gt; japoneses: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=1KWB9PU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aikido&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MgYfCuk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kendo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MhNHQSa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kimono&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=X0a9ZmR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sake&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JyK0w1N&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;haiku&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YdaBK9p&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sudoku&lt;/a&gt; etc, especialmente considerando que la RAE acepta las dos formas para los practicantes de karate:&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;El derivado que designa la persona que lo practica puede escribirse &lt;em&gt;karateca&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;karateka&lt;/em&gt;, con preferencia por la primera de estas formas.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;• &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD: &lt;strong&gt;karate&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;kárate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-04-18T13:31:42.850" LastActivityDate="2020-04-18T13:31:42.850" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28527" CreationDate="2019-02-05T14:18:53.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;De acuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;https://mentorlinguistico.wordpress.com/2014/01/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mentorlinguistico&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[L]a diferencia entre ambos radica en que &lt;strong&gt;el BISTURÍ usa cuchillas intercambiables&lt;/strong&gt; -contrario a su definición oficial-; en cambio, el ESCALPELO es de hoja fija.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[...] Atendiendo a su definición, concluyo que ambos, sin lugar a dudas, son instrumentos usados en cirugía; sin embargo, técnicamente, las autopsias sólo se hacen con ESCALPELO, y no con BISTURÍ, dejando éste para utilizarlo en operaciones de menor importancia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este artículo detalla otras herramientas similares como las &lt;strong&gt;lancetas&lt;/strong&gt;. También podemos encontrar una diferencia en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://tomascabacas.com/el-bisturi-en-medicina/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El bisturí en Medicina&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, atendiendo al uso, que no al tema de las cuchillas intercambiables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[El bisturí] es similar al escalpelo, que viene del latín “scalpellum”, que se define también como instrumento en forma de cuchillo pequeño, de hoja fina, puntiaguda, de uno o dos cortes &lt;strong&gt;que se usa en disecciones anatómicas, autopsias y vivisecciones&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La propia &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalpelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; añade (para el &amp;quot; &lt;strong&gt;escalpelo&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;bisturí&lt;/strong&gt;, también llamado &lt;strong&gt;lanceta&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;cuchillo de cirujano&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;) que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos consideran que el término bisturí se refiere específicamente al instrumento cuya hoja es extraíble e intercambiable o retráctil respecto al mango y que escalpelo es aquel con la hoja fija o con la parte cortante haciendo cuerpo con el mango.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Básicamente, ambos términos parecen referirse al mismo tipo de herramienta, siendo prácticamente intercambiables (en el lenguaje). Considerar a un tipo de instrumento &lt;em&gt;bisturí&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;escalpelo&lt;/em&gt; puede ser un tecnicismo refiriéndose al tipo de cuchillas del mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-05T14:45:23.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28527" CreationDate="2019-02-05T17:45:28.583" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario terminológico de ciencias médicas&lt;/em&gt;, 11ª ed. Salvat Editores (1974) define:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Escalpelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Instrumento cortante, puntiagudo, de uno o dos filos y mango, que se emplea en las disecciones y operaciones quirúrgicas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bisturí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuchillo quirúrgico, largo y estrecho, recto o curvo. El bisturí propiamente dicho tiene la hoja articulada con el mango, compuesto de dos cachas, entre las cuales se oculta aquella cuando el instrumento está cerrado. El bisturí fijo se denomina también &lt;em&gt;escalpelo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T17:25:12.697" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:25:12.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28538" CreationDate="2019-02-06T09:27:13.833" Score="1" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy me ha dado por preguntarme la etimología del verbo &lt;em&gt;despistar&lt;/em&gt;, dado que parece casi obvio que es una palabra formada por &lt;em&gt;des-&lt;/em&gt; y un supuesto verbo &lt;em&gt;pistar&lt;/em&gt;, que significaría lo opuesto de &lt;em&gt;despistar&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DMlzkpQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;despistar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer perder la pista. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Distraer, desorientar o confundir. Perdí la cuenta porque un ruido me despistó. U. t. c. intr.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. Fingir, disimular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;prnl. Extraviarse, perder el rumbo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TDTeva1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pistar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del it. dialect. &lt;em&gt;pistare&lt;/em&gt;, y este del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;pistāre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Machacar, aprensar algo o sacarle el jugo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale, de momento veo que, efectivamente, existe un verbo &lt;em&gt;pistar&lt;/em&gt;. Pero no tiene precisamente el significado que yo esperaba. Y el DLE no indica etimología para &lt;em&gt;despistar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &lt;em&gt;pistar&lt;/em&gt; se usaba en el siglo XVI (y en textos anteriores en latín tardío como &lt;em&gt;pistare&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Madona, no; mas haré d'esta manera, que pistaré el almáciga y la grana y el alumbre, y se lo daré, y diré que sea esa misma, y haré un poco de olio de habas, y diré que se lo ponga con el colirio, que es apropiado para los ojos, y ansí no sabrá que vuestra señoría tiene lo más perfeto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Delicado, &quot;La Lozana Andaluza&quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo &lt;em&gt;pistar&lt;/em&gt; se recoge en diccionarios desde 1617, y mi intuición es que de ahí surgió el sustantivo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TDQL0Vc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, también del italiano dialectal &lt;em&gt;pista&lt;/em&gt;, con el significado de &lt;em&gt;rastro&lt;/em&gt;. La primera aparición de esta palabra es en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PISTA. s. f. La huella que dexan los animales, por donde se les sigue. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Vestigium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se usaba en el siglo XVI, aunque más tarde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aviendo de hazer emboscadas, o poner gente en celada, han de tener el mismo aviso de los ramos para borrar la pista y que no se vea que están en ella, advirtiendo, si es possible, no relinchar los cavallos [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bernardino de Mendoza, &quot;Teórica y práctica de guerra&quot;, 1598 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hasta entonces la palabra que se usaba (y sigue usando) con el mismo significado era &lt;em&gt;rastro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RASTRO. s. m. La señál que dexa impressa en la tierra qualquier cosa que ha passado por ella. Lat. &lt;em&gt;Vestigium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ya de &lt;em&gt;pista&lt;/em&gt; surgió &lt;em&gt;despistar&lt;/em&gt;, que no aparece en el DLE hasta 1884, únicamente como &quot;hacer perder la pista&quot;. Aunque se usaba desde el siglo XVII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que son de lince, señora,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  los ojos de la sospecha;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que por más que los enredes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  y quieras entretenellos,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  despistando cuanto puedes,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pasa la agudeza dellos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  diligencias y paredes.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos Boil, &quot;El marido asigurado&quot;, 1616 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todo esto suena muy bien y parece muy bonito, pero aun así hay algo que no me cuadra. ¿Cuál es exactamente la relación entre &lt;em&gt;pistar&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;machacar&quot; y &lt;em&gt;pista&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;rastro&quot;? Esa conexión es la que se me escapa un poco. ¿Es posible que el camino hacia la palabra &lt;em&gt;despistar&lt;/em&gt; en realidad haya sido otro? ¿Me he equivocado en algún paso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota: soy consciente de que el cambio de significado entre una y otra palabra pudo producirse en el italiano antes de llegar al español, en cuyo caso remitiré la pregunta al sitio de italiano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T14:48:15.300" Title="Etimología de &quot;despistar&quot;. Relación entre &quot;pistar&quot; y &quot;pista&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28534" CreationDate="2019-02-06T10:18:48.957" Score="4" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen some words that seem to be made up of two words concatenated, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;patiblanco&quot; (patas + blanco)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;panzaburro&quot; (panza + (de) + burro)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a name for this phenomenon in Spanish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21107" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-06T11:52:09.500" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T11:52:09.500" Title="Name of phenomenon present when creating words such as &quot;patiblanco&quot; or &quot;panzaburro&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;compuestos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28533" CreationDate="2019-02-06T11:16:49.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composici%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;composición&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En lingüística, la composición es un procedimiento morfológico de las lenguas para crear neologismos, esto es, nuevas palabras. Consiste en coordinar dos o más lexemas o raíces, esto es, partes invariables de palabras, para formar una nueva que constituye una unidad semántica y sintáctica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbo + sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; sacacorchos, abrelatas, aguafiestas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivo + adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; aguamarina, camposanto, pasodoble, pelirrojo, boquiabierto, carilleno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo + sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; extremaunción. medianoche, salvoconducto, bajorrelieve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivo + sustantivo:&lt;/strong&gt; bocacalle, coliflor, sueldo base, casa cuna, motocarro, hombre lobo, hispanohablante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjetivo + adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; sordomudo, verdiazul, agridulce, altibajo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adverbio + adjetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; biempensante.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sustantivo + verbo:&lt;/strong&gt; fazferir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pronombre + verbo:&lt;/strong&gt; cualquiera, quehacer, quienquiera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;verbo + verbo:&lt;/strong&gt; duermevela.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T11:16:49.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28532" CreationDate="2019-02-06T14:48:15.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En latín clásico, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pista#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; era la forma femenina o neutra (según el caso) de &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pistus#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pistus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que a su vez es el participio del verbo &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pinso#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pīnsō&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, verbo que significa: &lt;strong&gt;golpear, moler, machacar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Una de las formas de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;supino&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;em&gt;pīnsō&lt;/em&gt; es &lt;em&gt;pistum&lt;/em&gt;, la cual por su parte tiene una forma &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=IQxDYbC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frecuentativa&lt;/a&gt; que es &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pisto#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pistō&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, cuyo verbo es... &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pistare#Latin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pistāre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho de otra manera: &quot;&lt;em&gt;pista, pīnsō, pistō, pistāre&lt;/em&gt;&quot; es en latín lo que &quot;pisada, pisar, pisoteo, pisotear&quot; en español, solo que significando &quot;golpear, machacar, moler&quot; en vez de &quot;pisar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, pensemos en el concepto de rastro: no es más que la sucesión de sitios en los que encontramos señales del paso del animal o enemigo al que estamos siguiendo. Señales como una planta machacada, una rama golpeada, la tierra removida y pulverizada...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El mismo concepto de pista, como camino, no es más que un sendero hecho por animales y personas (y, hoy día, todoterrenos) a base de machacar y pisotear repetidamente la vegetación y los accidentes del terreno para ir de un sitio a otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, es fácil usar pista en sentido figurado para hablar de algo que te lleva a tu objetivo (como el rastro que han dejado los animales a los que persigues). En sentido no tan figurado también puede ser directamente un rastro, aunque no haya un camino propiamente dicho visible sobre el terreno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y como ya has visto en la etimología indicada por el DLE, el verbo latino &lt;em&gt;pistāre&lt;/em&gt; en italiano quedó sustantivado y reducido a, de nuevo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pista#Italian&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con los significados ya establecidos, y de ahí pasó al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros vocablos en español con etimología a partir de &lt;em&gt;pistāre&lt;/em&gt; serían &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TDdbwD7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pisto&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TDwyqlf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pistón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-06T14:48:15.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28546" CreationDate="2019-02-06T17:16:40.777" Score="6" ViewCount="6833" Body="&lt;p&gt;No recuerdo cómo se llama cuando en la definición de una palabra empleas el mismo término de modo que la definición queda vacía de contenido. ¿Alguien lo sabe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué es un instrumento? Un &lt;em&gt;instrumento&lt;/em&gt; es un &lt;em&gt;instrumento&lt;/em&gt; que  hace música. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21112" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T01:37:22.367" LastActivityDate="2021-03-11T10:37:33.943" Title="Término que se refiere a definir una palabra utilizando la misma palabra" Tags="&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;identificación-de-término&gt;&lt;recurso-retórico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-06T18:52:36.787" Score="-2" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué quiere decir en inglés esta frase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Grato es decir la historia; El que la sabe ya Parece que de oirla Sediento aun esta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bing Translate sugiere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pleasant is to say the story; The one who knows it seems that hear thirsty even this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19566" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-06T22:20:33.547" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T13:45:31.640" Title="¿Cuál es el significado del himno &quot;Grato es decir la historia&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2019-02-07T14:11:37.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28544" CreationDate="2019-02-06T19:13:02.983" Score="3" ViewCount="1987" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo estuve en una tienda hace tiempo, y vi una familia hablando en español sobre las cosas que iban a comprar. El padre dijo la palabra &quot;mayonesa,&quot; y un niño hizo una mueca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me llamó la atención es que cuando él dijo &quot;mayonesa,&quot; él lo dijo como se deletree &quot;mai-onesa,&quot; y no con el sonido normal de la letra &quot;y&quot; (es decir, [majo'nesa] en lugar de [maʝo'nesa]). Yo nunca habia escuchado esto antes, y me pregunto si es un dialecto nativo, o un efecto de hablar inglés (vivo en EEUU) y español todos los días.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi ciudad tiene una comunidad de inmigrantes guatemaltecos, ¿podría ser la pronunciación guatemalteca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13321" LastEditorUserId="13321" LastEditDate="2019-02-06T20:41:25.443" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T23:45:53.787" Title="¿En cuál dialecto español se pronuncia &quot;Y&quot; como [j]?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;estados-unidos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28542" CreationDate="2019-02-06T22:20:09.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;J.G. Moreno (1994) y J. Matluck (2003) argumentan que en algunas regiones de México, &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; e &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; se convierten en &lt;strong&gt;prepalatales fricativas sonoras&lt;/strong&gt; cuando están entre dos vocales, excepto cuando están antes de &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; (no es lo mismo que [ʝ], una palatal fricativa sonora que corresponde a la pronunciación &quot;estandar&quot; de las grafías &lt;code&gt;ll&lt;/code&gt; e &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;). Ambos autores representan ese sonido de la siguiente manera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P5H3j.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P5H3j.png&quot; alt=&quot;i&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En palabras de Matluck, la pronunciación &quot;se acerca más al tipo redondeado [j] que a la [ʝ] consonántica&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, en algunas partes de México, cuando la gente dice leyes, pollo, arroyo, o mayo, parece que dice &quot;lei'es&quot;, &quot;poi'o&quot;, &quot;arroi'o&quot;, o &quot;mai'o&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si sea un fenómeno que también se generalizó en Centroamérica, pero al menos en México pasa :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Véase José G. Moreno de Alba, &lt;em&gt;La pronuncación del español de México&lt;/em&gt;, el Colegio de México, México, 1994;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;J. Matluck, &lt;em&gt;La pronunciación del español en el valle de México&lt;/em&gt;, en A. Rivas y Y. Rodrígues (eds.), Antología Conmemorativa: Nueva revista de filología hispánica,  el Colegio de México, México, 2003.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T23:45:53.787" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T23:45:53.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28541" CreationDate="2019-02-07T00:00:10.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me parece que el himno era en inglés inicialmente. Dice así: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I love to tell the story&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  For those who know it best&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Seem hungering and thirsting&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To hear it like the rest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es parte de un himno cristiano.  El significado es un poco diferente de lo que citas, pero la idea corresponde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T13:45:31.640" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T13:45:31.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28539" CreationDate="2019-02-07T01:39:30.053" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una &lt;strong&gt;definición circular&lt;/strong&gt; es una definición que supone una comprensión anterior del término que es definido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, podemos definir el &amp;quot;roble&amp;quot; como un árbol que crece a partir de una bellota, y después definimos la &amp;quot;bellota&amp;quot; como la nuez producida por el roble. Para alguien que no sepa qué árboles son robles o qué nueces son bellotas, la definición no es de utilidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definici%C3%B3n_circular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T14:10:08.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28547" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-07T01:47:03.450" Score="4" ViewCount="1342" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28527/9385&quot;&gt;pregunta reciente&lt;/a&gt;, leí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mientras &lt;strong&gt;visionaba&lt;/strong&gt; un vídeo en inglés sobre restauración de cuadros etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual se oye bastante raro para mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber en cuáles países o regiones se expresa así, en lugar de &quot;Mientras &lt;strong&gt;miraba&lt;/strong&gt; un video.&quot;  (No estoy preguntando acerca de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26827/9385&quot;&gt;diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;vídeo&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;video&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-07T06:11:33.520" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T08:43:09.460" Title="¿Cuándo se usa &quot;visionar&quot; un video (vs. &quot;mirar&quot;)?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28547" CreationDate="2019-02-07T04:08:41.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ese verbo se trata de describir el proceso de imaginar algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Visionar un nuevo mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues, &quot;visionaba un video&quot; indicaría que alquien sueña con una idea para un video.  Mejor dicho, imaginar una invención.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="723" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T04:08:41.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28555" CreationDate="2019-02-07T04:24:10.527" Score="5" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la canción de Calle 13 llamada &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.letras.mus.br/calle-13/1384442/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ven y critícame&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; escucho la frase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si yo &lt;b&gt;quisiera&lt;/b&gt; vender algo &lt;b&gt;montaba&lt;/b&gt; una tienda&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Prefiero regalarte música, aunque tu no la entiendas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mí me parece muy rara esta frase, ya que yo la diría algo así&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Si yo &lt;b&gt;quisiera&lt;/b&gt; vender algo &lt;b&gt;montaría&lt;/b&gt; una tienda&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Prefiero regalarte música, aunque tu no la entiendas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Claro que la mía no cabe el ritmo de la canción. De todos modos, quiero que me enseñen ¿es común usar el imperfecto así? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene alguna relación con que se dice &quot;If I wanted to sell you something, I &lt;i&gt;would&lt;/i&gt; open up a shop&quot; en inglés ya que el cantante es de Puerto Rico? ¿Quizás es un anglicismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quizás no entiendo la frase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ayúdenme por favor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21118" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T00:44:38.870" Title="Uso del imperfecto con el imperfecto del subjuntivo" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;&lt;condicional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28547" CreationDate="2019-02-07T11:35:48.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De visión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Creer que son reales cosas inventadas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Examinar técnica o críticamente, en una sesión de trabajo, un producto cinematográfico, televisivo, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, en su segunda acepción se ve que se refiere al hecho de observar como espectador un vídeo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la primera, significa &quot;ver visiones&quot;, y por ende creer que son reales. No debe confundirse con &lt;code&gt;visualizar&lt;/code&gt;, ya que éste denota separación clara entre realidad e imaginación o ficción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T08:43:09.460" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T08:43:09.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2019-02-07T13:05:12.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, y esto es elucubración mía, siempre me he imaginado la relación así: un &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; sería un golpe dado con un sable al bolso, monedero, faltriquera, etc. con el objetivo de rasgarla para que se caiga el dinero contenido en ella, o incluso para que se desprenda de la ropa del portador, sin que este se dé cuenta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El texto que mencionas como su primer uso debe de estar cerca de sus inicios como expresión, a tenor del siguiente ejemplo del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cadenas es un hombre práctico. En su casa hay un gran libro exclusivamente dedicado á lo que allí se llama el sablazo de los amigos. Acaso el lector que lleve muchos años de ausencia de España, ó el americano que lea este libro, ignorarán lo que es un sablazo en la tierra de los hidalgos y caballeros. Un sablazo es la petición del dinero que no se devuelve.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eusebio Blasco, &quot;Mis Contemporáneos&quot;, 1886 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra explicación que se me ocurre es la asimilación del dinero como la sangre vital necesaria para que una persona viva. Del mismo modo que un sablazo literal te saca la sangre del cuerpo, uno figurado te saca el dinero. Nótese como el texto habla del &quot;sablazo de los amigos&quot;: un enemigo te atacará con sablazos literales, mientras que los amigos usan el sablazo figurado, que no te mata pero te deja seco (de dinero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O puede que directamente haga referencia a los asesinatos por sablazos cometidos para robar el dinero de la víctima: los figurados te quitan el dinero igualmente pero no la vida. O a los robos de dinero que usaban el sable como medio de intimidación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro referencias exactas, pero tampoco se me hace raro el uso de &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; en este sentido. El uso literal de &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; estaba muy extendido hacia mediados del siglo XIX, lo que hace a esta voz propensa a su uso figurado. Valga el siguiente ejemplo extraído de la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Hay palabras afortunadas que difunde el vulgo, y que luego toman carta de naturaleza en el Diccionario que fija, limpia y da esplendor. Esto ha ocurrido con la palabra cursi, y esto ocurrirá con la de sablazo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—¿Qué es un sablazo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;—Amigos mios, dice uno, ya estoy armado; acabo de dar un sablazo de 1,000 rs. á Fulano.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Esto significa que los 1,000 rs. no serán nunca devueltos al desgraciado donante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Haceis el amor á una bella dama, y esta os escribe que os va á dar una gran prueba de confianza, que necesita pagar una cuenta y «nadie como tú, Mengano, á quien tanto quiero, puede sacarme del apuro.» Sablazo inminente.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;El amigo que temprano os despierta en la cama con la noticia de un compromiso pecuniario, el que os para en la calle y os pregunta á boca de jarro, «!está V. ahora en fondos?» el que en el rincón de un salón os cuenta en reserva pérdidas inesperadas: todos estos llevan levantado un sable invisible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000356618&amp;amp;page=4&amp;amp;search=sablazo%20dinero&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La Época (Madrid)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. 8/3/1877, n.º 8.883, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo esto me atrevería a fijar la creación del uso figurado de &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; en esa década de 1870.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T13:05:12.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2019-02-07T13:27:30.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dar&lt;/strong&gt;/pegar/ser &lt;strong&gt;un sablazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abusar de la generosidad de alguien pidiéndole dinero. &lt;em&gt;Luis no tiene problemas económicos. Cuando se le acaba el dinero, se dedica a dar sablazos a los amigos.&lt;/em&gt; A veces se emplea la expresión para dar a entender que algo ha resultado excesivamente caro: &lt;em&gt;Hemos ido a ese restaurante francés y por cuatro tonterías que hemos comido nos han dado un sablazo impresionante.&lt;/em&gt; El &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; es, en su primera acepción, el golpe dado con el sable. &lt;strong&gt;Figuradamente, quien recibe tales sorpresas queda igual de herido que si le hubieran dado un sablazo de verdad.&lt;/strong&gt; Existe, con el mismo significado que la locución, el verbo &lt;em&gt;sablear&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esacademic.com/dic.nsf/sp_sp_dichos_refranes/505/pegar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Dichos y Frases Hechas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Alberto Buitrago&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La lógica parece análogo a la de los sinónimos &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SGLvk4H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pechazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SFy6ADg%7CSFzlOFN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pechada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (lit. un &lt;em&gt;golpe&lt;/em&gt; dado con el pecho) que en algunos países de América&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; tiene la misma significación figurativa que &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Región&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Etimología&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HVEwrHz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fajazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Puerto Rico&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;golpe con una faja &amp;gt; &amp;quot;sablazo&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OC4Kaqc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;mangazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Uruguay&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;golpe con mango &amp;gt; &amp;quot;sablazo&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4xHNILo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;banderillazo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;Colombia y Venezuela&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;golpe con banderilla &amp;gt; &amp;quot;sablazo&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WteL9lT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sableo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Wtbz6ES&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sableada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;México&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;sablazo &amp;gt; sablear &amp;gt; sableo, sableada&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Específicamente &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pechazo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina, Uruguay y Paraguay&lt;/a&gt;. Notablemente son los paises en cuales (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28052/18348&quot;&gt;como nota pablodf76&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;em&gt;sablazo&lt;/em&gt; no lleva su significación figurativa.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T17:24:39.090" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T17:24:39.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28554" CreationDate="2019-02-07T16:11:40.540" Score="3" ViewCount="2339" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo sería el antónimo de colapsar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al hacer hacer click en el botón de una web, el menú se &lt;em&gt;colapsa&lt;/em&gt; y enseña todas las opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si volvemos a hacer click, el menú se... ¿descolapsa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11771" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T08:36:31.150" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T08:36:31.150" Title="¿Antónimo de colapsar en el contexto de una web?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;antónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28553" CreationDate="2019-02-07T16:16:46.220" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué tal &lt;strong&gt;expandir&lt;/strong&gt; en su tercera acepción en lugar de colapsar? No como antónimo, sino como palabra más adecuada. Haciendo esa sustitución, &lt;strong&gt;colapsar&lt;/strong&gt; es la palabra por la que preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando haces click, el menú se &lt;strong&gt;expande&lt;/strong&gt; y enseña sus opciones. Si volvemos a hacer click entonces es cuando se &lt;strong&gt;colapsa&lt;/strong&gt;, se cierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HHZUKjU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;expandir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Dilatar algo o hacer que aumente de tamaño. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Difundir o propagar algo, como una noticia o una idea. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. tr. Extender algo, o hacer que ocupe más espacio&lt;/strong&gt;. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9jmZSUA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;colapsar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tr. Producir colapso a alguien o en algo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Sufrir colapso o caer en él. U. t. c. prnl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;intr. Dicho de una actividad: &lt;strong&gt;Decrecer o disminuir&lt;/strong&gt; intensamente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como han indicado @DGaleano y @guifa en los comentarios, quizás el término más común sea &lt;strong&gt;menú desplegable&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo tanto las mejores opciones para describir la funcionalidad de ese elemento sean &lt;strong&gt;desplegar&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;plegar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DNRlXZo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;desplegar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;tr. Desdoblar o extender lo que está plegado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T07:30:47.410" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T07:30:47.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28549" CreationDate="2019-02-08T00:36:13.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas tiene una entrada sobre el uso de los tiempos en oraciones condicionales. Para tu caso, considero relevante el siguiente fragmento de la entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si la condición se refiere al presente o al futuro, la prótasis va en pretérito imperfecto o copretérito de subjuntivo y la apódosis en condicional simple o pospretérito [...]. En la lengua coloquial es frecuente hoy el empleo en la oración apódosis del pretérito imperfecto o copretérito de indicativo: &lt;em&gt;Si me tocara/tocase la lotería, me compraba un coche&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otras palabras, cuando usamos la prótasis (la parte de la oración que introduce la condición o hipótesis) en copretérito del subjuntivo, como en el ejemplo que usas, &lt;strong&gt;podemos usar el condicional simple o el pretérito imperfecto en la apódosis&lt;/strong&gt; (la parte de la oración que introduce la consecuencia o resultado de la prótasis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si yo quisiera vender algo, montaba una tienda.&lt;/code&gt; Pretérito imperfecto del indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Si yo quisiera vender algo, montaría una tienda.&lt;/code&gt; Postpretérito del indicativo.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En resumen, ambos usos del condicional son reconocidos por la RAE.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T00:44:38.870" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T00:44:38.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23854" CreationDate="2019-02-08T09:33:44.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que la expresión no se limita al ámbito náutico, a tenor del siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://africaoverland.es/index.php?action=profile;u=122534;area=showposts;start=3960&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; encontrado en un foro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras el reconocimiento efectuado vuelvo a cambiar de idea y regreso a mi intencion original de ir con un viejo Peugeot 505 en vez de con el Mercedes de 180 CV. 4MATIC. Porque pienso ir &quot;a tabla&quot;, a toda leche, voy a quitar las alfombrillas para que el pedal del acelerador baje mas, [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto descarta su uso exclusivamente náutico, por lo que la expresión pasa a ser una expresión coloquial como cualquier otra. Otra cuestión diferente es su origen. ¿Por qué &quot;tabla&quot;? Para eso resulta algo esclarecedor el siguiente ejemplo encontrado en el CREA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tanto más condenable me parece aquel deporte [de la caza] cuando se produce de la manera que se suele practicar entre nosotros, esto es, a tabla rasa, sin ninguna limitación, a despecho mismo de la conservación de las especies explotadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco Tamayo, &quot;El hombre frente a la naturaleza&quot;, 1993 (Venezuela).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese el uso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Ysg8s8S#3ot9gOj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a tabla rasa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &quot;sin ninguna limitación&quot; (el DLE define &lt;em&gt;hacer tabla rasa de algo&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;prescindir o desentenderse de ello&quot;, entiendo que el texto se refiere a los límites del deporte de la caza, a sus normas). Si no se ponen límites a la hora de pisar el acelerador en un coche o barco, acabas yendo a la mayor velocidad posible, &quot;a toda máquina&quot; como comentabas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De ahí se puede haber simplificado la expresión y quedarse simplemente en &quot;a tabla&quot;, como se ve en el primer ejemplo expuesto y en el comentario citado en la pregunta. Esta simplificación como &quot;a tabla&quot; será probablemente regional, yo particularmente no recuerdo haberla oído.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T09:33:44.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-08T11:28:07.797" Score="5" ViewCount="1499" Body="&lt;p&gt;He visto en un par de ocasiones el verbo &lt;em&gt;toñarse&lt;/em&gt;, que me parece que tiene un sonido muy divertido, en contextos como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustan [...] y los vídeos de cachorretes toñándose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contexto y otros ejemplos similares que he visto, me da la sensación de que significa lo mismo que &quot;darse un golpe&quot; o puede que &quot;tropezar, caerse&quot;. Entiendo que se refiere a vídeos de cachorros dando sus primeros pasos y tropezando graciosamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La persona que escribió eso es catalana (o, al menos, vive allí), por lo que no sé si se puede tratar de un préstamo del catalán, aunque veo que existe la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=a1roMoT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;toña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; con el significado regional de &quot;pan grande&quot; (en Aragón, registrado su uso con este significado desde 1855) e incluso &quot;torta con aceite y miel&quot; (en Murcia y Valencia, en el DLE desde 1925). Por tanto, igual que existe la expresión &quot;darse una &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=a7yncrp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;torta&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, en determinadas regiones puede haberse cambiado por &quot;darse una toña&quot; y de ahí &quot;toñarse&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En todo caso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Cuál es el significado del neologismo &lt;em&gt;toñarse&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cómo se usa actualmente?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿De dónde viene la expresión?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿En qué zonas de España se usa más?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T13:07:07.150" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T17:05:50.263" Title="¿Qué significa el neologismo &quot;toñarse&quot;? ¿De dónde viene?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;catalán&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28557" CreationDate="2019-02-08T11:41:05.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que es un calco del catalán &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=tonyar&amp;amp;Id=139891&amp;amp;search=tonyar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tonyar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; que tiene una signifiación similar de la que notas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TONYAR&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;v. tr.&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fer tonys, abonyegar (Vall d'Àneu); cast. &lt;em&gt;abollar&lt;/em&gt;.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fènyer, donar a la pasta la forma que han de tenir els pans (Pallars, Tremp); cast. &lt;em&gt;heñir&lt;/em&gt;. Quan la pasta ja és prou espessa... aleshores la tonyen, Violant Pa 78.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cavar la terra profundament per a sembrar-la (Cullera, Gandia, Dénia, Pego, Sanet); cast. &lt;em&gt;cavar&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fon.: &lt;code&gt;toɲá&lt;/code&gt; (occ.); &lt;code&gt;toɲáɾ&lt;/code&gt; (val.).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Etim.: incerta. Potser derivat del cèltic tŭnna, ‘crosta, clovella’, com indica Corominas DECast, iv, 497. La relació amb &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=tonya&amp;amp;Id=139887&amp;amp;search=tonya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tonya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; art. 2 és evident, però no se sap si &lt;em&gt;tonyar&lt;/em&gt; es deriva de &lt;em&gt;tonya&lt;/em&gt; o si &lt;em&gt;tonya&lt;/em&gt; és un postverbal de &lt;em&gt;tonyar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, el catalán &lt;a href=&quot;http://dcvb.iecat.net/results.asp?Word=tonya&amp;amp;Id=139887&amp;amp;search=tonya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;tonya&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es análago a &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=a7yncrp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;torta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (i.e. ambos significan un tipo de pan o un golpe). Parece que las tres definiciones en el DLE de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=a1roMoT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;toña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; vienen directamente de las tres de &lt;em&gt;tonya&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;un golpe → tala&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cat.&lt;/em&gt; un tipo de pan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; → rur. &lt;em&gt;Ar.&lt;/em&gt; Pan grande, a veces de centeno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Val.&lt;/em&gt; un tipo de pan dulce → &lt;em&gt;Mur.&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Val.&lt;/em&gt; Torta amasada con aceite y miel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Como un brioche no dulce.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-10T17:05:50.263" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T17:05:50.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18339" CreationDate="2019-02-08T13:56:09.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For what it's worth, English Wikipedia has a page for &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;salary&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; which has been translated into Spanish as &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salario&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;salario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;  Wikipedia also has a page for &amp;quot;wage,&amp;quot; which has not yet been translated into Spanish.  The page for &amp;quot;salario&amp;quot; contains all the synonyms user14029 mentioned plus this one: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/remuneraci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;remuneración&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the topic of fixed expressions/collocations (such as &lt;em&gt;asesino a sueldo&lt;/em&gt;) has been touched on to some degree already, I'll add a bit more here with some examples.  What you see below are what appear to be more likely pairings.  I'm not suggesting that you can't swap these words out with any of the other synonyms.  That's probably just something you'll have to learn as you go and, as has already been mentioned, may depend on the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I get to the examples, I want to pose a question to anyone reading this, especially native English speakers.  &lt;strong&gt;What's the difference between &amp;quot;salary&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;wage&amp;quot; in English?&lt;/strong&gt;  If you're not entirely sure, these two StackExchange threads might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/161726/wages-and-salaries&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wages and Salaries&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/32818/wage-vs-salary/195853#195853&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wage vs. salary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize this is a StackExchange for those who want to learn about Spanish, but sometimes the differences between two words that exist in English are the same ones that exist in Spanish.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/18215/in-english-there-is-a-difference-between-envy-and-jealousy-does-this-same&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This thread here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is another example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that out of the way, let's get to the examples.  As you will soon see, &lt;strong&gt;it appears that &amp;quot;salario&amp;quot; is the word of choice in many common phrases that can use both &amp;quot;salary&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;wage&amp;quot; in English:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;high salary/wage = salario alto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;annual salary/wage - salario anual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;decent salary/livable wage - salario digno&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to negotiate a salary = negociar un salario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hourly wage = salario por hora&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/IKfMWHl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;This observation that &amp;quot;salario&amp;quot; seems to be more commonly used than &amp;quot;sueldo&amp;quot; is reflective in this Google Ngram chart.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following show you examples of &lt;strong&gt;common phrases that can use both &amp;quot;salario&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;sueldo&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; even if they might refer to something slightly different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on a salary = con un salario/sueldo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;minimum salary = salario mínimo&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;minimum wage = sueldo mínimo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then &lt;strong&gt;sometimes you've got to use something slightly different altogether:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;wage gap = diferencia salarial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is sometimes translated as &amp;quot;brecha de salario,&amp;quot; but in practice, I don't really see much evidence that it is used nearly as often as &amp;quot;diferencia salarial.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the last one I'll leave you with is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=asalariados&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj8x8uko6zgAhUmZN8KHTLZBd0Q_AUIDigB&amp;amp;biw=905&amp;amp;bih=758&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wage earners =  asalariados&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T13:56:09.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28560" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28561" CreationDate="2019-02-08T15:11:21.327" Score="5" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el mundo de los triatlones hay siempre mucha controversia con un concepto: el 'drafting'. Consiste en que en la parte de ciclismo te pones detrás de otro ciclista y sigues su ritmo. De este modo consigues que él se &lt;em&gt;coma&lt;/em&gt; el viento y tú puedas ir a su misma velocidad, pero con menor esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan importante es el tema, que las competiciones se dividen en dos: las que permiten el 'drafting' y las que no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recientemente descubrí que también se utiliza este término en el atletismo, a raíz de &lt;a href=&quot;https://fitness.stackexchange.com/q/39604/23370&quot;&gt;una pregunta que hice en Physical Fitness Stack Exchange&lt;/a&gt;: lo mismo, se utiliza para explicar el efecto de estar corriendo detrás de una persona y aprovechar su esfuerzo para no sentir tanto viento y, más psicológicamente, para no tener que pensar en un ritmo y centrarse en ir al del otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mirando en webs de triatlón en castellano veo que siempre se utiliza el concepto en inglés. Por ejemplo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://elultimotriatleta.com/que-es-drafting/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Qué es el drafting?&lt;/a&gt; dicen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un grupo de ciclistas circulará en una línea cerrada, uno detrás del otro, tomando turnos para adelantarse antes de despegarse y engancharse en la parte posterior.  Cuando se circulas de esta manera, pegando tu rueda delantera a la trasera del otro ciclista, gastas menos energía, se calcula un 30% menos de resistencia al viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beneficios del drafting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vale, vale, vale, puedes pensar que ir en pelotón será muy sencillo ya que pedalearás con menor esfuerzo. Si bien esto es cierto en ciertas circunstancias, irás muy cómodo, con poca resistencia y será un paseo fácil, pero también en ocasiones tendrás que apretar mucho más fuerte cuando el grupo está girando a toda velocidad. Tendrás más períodos de tiempo en los que estés pedaleando suave o sin viento, pero luego seguirás pedaleando más fuerte de lo que lo harías.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces la pregunta sería: ¿cómo podríamos nombrar este concepto en castellano?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T15:22:50.267" Title="¿Cómo podemos llamar al &quot;drafting&quot; del triatlón en español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;deportes&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28560" CreationDate="2019-02-08T15:22:50.267" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VLo5LqX&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;rebufo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;2. m. Vacío que deja un móvil y que puede aprovechar el que sigue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya se aplica este término al mismo fenómeno en otros deportes de vehículos [motorizados]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebufo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Competición deportiva&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El rebufo es una técnica de adelantamiento de un vehículo motorizado (ya sea monoplaza, motocicleta, coche de carreras, etc) a otro vehículo. Es utilizada por los pilotos de carreras, muy vista en automovilismo. Se genera cuando uno o varios pilotos con sus vehículos se ponen detrás de otros y consiguen entrar en un &lt;em&gt;túnel de succión aerodinámico&lt;/em&gt; que genera el que tiene delante, consiguiendo así una mayor velocidad punta al final de recta gracias a la poca resistencia que el aire genera en dicho túnel. Así con menor potencia consiguen la misma velocidad que el vehículo que les antecede y les queda potencia para acelerar cuando salen de la estela del vehículo y así poder adelantarlo antes de la frenada o tras llegar a una curva o una chicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T15:22:50.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-08T16:13:55.503" Score="3" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do I need the subjunctive when I say ‘conducir’ in this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi me pone nerviosa que la gente hable por teléfono cuando (they drive)... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would ‘they drive’ have to be in the present subjunctive or not? I think yes but I’m not 100%. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21129" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T19:57:19.583" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T06:02:25.707" Title="Do I need the subjunctive when I say ‘conducir’ in this sentence?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28562" CreationDate="2019-02-08T16:34:14.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, sorry but... nope, it is not subjunctive haha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're saying &quot;&lt;code&gt;...that people use the phone while they drive&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. Let's focus on the questioned part: &quot;when they drive&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &quot;they drive&quot; is a fact, it is not questioned. They do drive, the thing is what they do meanwhile, but they are driving indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is a fact, and consequently must be indicative mood. What you're questioning is that they speak by the phone. That is subjunctive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your sentence is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mí me pone nerviosa que la gente hable por teléfono cuando conduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it is hard for non-natives, but keep trying. The sentence was quite good though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The subjunctive doesn't fit well with subjunctive in this case. But you could hear a subjunctive, for example, in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No quiero que la gente hable cuando conduzca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are 2 subjunctives in the clause. But that is implying that they are not driving now. It can be something like ap lan. They are going to drive (probably), but they are not driving yet!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I don't want the people to talk (by the phone) when they drive, &lt;strong&gt;if they do so&lt;/strong&gt;. It's not a certainty, so that's why you'd use the subjunctive there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in your original sentence, you're describing how people drive (they do drive), so that's not a subjunctive. Hope this helped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T16:34:14.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26436" CreationDate="2019-02-08T20:04:03.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con respecto a tu primera pregunta (¿es adecuado el razonamiento indicado?), sostengo que sí. Ese, de hecho, es un fenómeno ampliamente estudiado en el mundo de la academia hispanista: la &lt;strong&gt;formación de nuevas palabras por derivación&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Específicamente, el ejemplo que citas es una &lt;strong&gt;verbalización denominal causativa&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; cuya paráfrasis explicativa es: &quot;hacer, decir, convertir X o como X&quot;.&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos de este tipo de verbalización (más usados y conocidos) son:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amalgamar (hacer amalgamas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carbonar (hacer carbón o convertir en carbón).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brindar (hacer un brindis).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bizcochar (cocer el pan como un bizcocho, es decir, dos veces).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alcahuetar (hacer de alcahuete).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Carrancear (mexicanismo; sinónimo de robar. &quot;Hacer como Carranza&quot;, appellido de un ex presidente mexicano y líder revolucionario, famoso por permitir abusos de poder por parte de sus soldados durante la Revolución Mexicana).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, &lt;code&gt;escalar&lt;/code&gt; (en el sentido que se le da en el titular: hacer una escala) efectivamente &lt;strong&gt;no figura dentro de las acepciones reconocidas de la palabra&lt;/strong&gt;, pero estamos ante &lt;strong&gt;un neologismo que se ajusta a un proceso de formación de palabras específico, previamente estudiado y documentado en la lengua española&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desafortunadamente, no tengo experiencia en el medio turístico o similares para responder tu segunda pregunta, pero espero haber contribuido en algo :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; M. Alvar Esquerra, &lt;em&gt;La formación de palabras en español&lt;/em&gt;, Arco/Libros, Madrid, 2&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ed., 1995; y G. Guerrero Ramos, &lt;em&gt;Neologismos en el español actual&lt;/em&gt;, Arco/Libros, Madrid, 1995.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; J.L. Cifuentes y R.M. Lavalde, &quot;Sobre verbos denominales: construcciones causativas y de localización&quot;, &lt;em&gt;Quaderns de Filologia Estudis lingüístics&lt;/em&gt;, 14 (2009), pp. 57-75. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;Loc. cit.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-08T20:20:07.870" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T20:20:07.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2019-02-09T03:20:32.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;code&gt;enlace&lt;/code&gt; is the term in Spanish that Spanish Linguists use, it is about the same system as French where consonants on the end of words will make open syllables with words that begin in a vowel, two vowels, two weaks or a strong and a weak, will 'dipthongize'(Apply your knowledge of Semi-consonants vs Semi-vowels here) and with two of the same consonant next to each-other, in which you can eliminate the first one and create a new open syllable with the consonant left. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also when a &quot;d&quot; or its sound approximation is between two vowels in Spanish it can tend to disappear or soften such as in the case of a Rosalía song Bagdad where she sings Senta'íta which comes from the word sentadita, in this case the d softens between the two vowels and the i has to accented to keep the pronunciation from creating a dipthong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21131" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T21:41:05.670" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T21:41:05.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26797" CreationDate="2019-02-09T04:48:02.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear a near(not involving true silent consonants) liason unofficially everywhere where consonants or vowels at the beginning of words combine with the ends of the previous words. For instance here is a list I just memorized: I hear  “densa yamplia”, but when I look up the transcript it is &quot;densa y amplia&quot;. “muchos fwerzoh” is really &quot;mucho esfuerzo&quot;, “contaborgooyosah” is contaba orgullosa, “ahtah dah la seeyah” is atada a la silla, “sufreemee entos ecoloheecos”&#xA; is &quot;sufrimientos psicológicos&quot;, “santow deeablah”&#xA; is &quot;Santa o diabla&quot;, “salsoh” is &quot;se alzó&quot;, “sereeah pas eeguada”&#xA; is &quot;sería apaciguada,&quot; “dee see poolomado” is really &quot;discípulo amado,&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="14160" LastEditDate="2019-02-10T02:31:12.467" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T02:31:12.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28583" CreationDate="2019-02-09T11:09:39.320" Score="2" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BMCbDEc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cronómetro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; aparece definido en el actual DLE como  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;crono&lt;/em&gt;- y &lt;em&gt;‒́metro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Reloj de gran precisión para medir fracciones de tiempo muy pequeñas, utilizado en industria y en competiciones deportivas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la primera vez que aparece en el DRAE es en &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUIMenuNtlle?cmd=Lema&amp;amp;sec=1.0.0.0.0.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1832&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, con un significado completamente diferente:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CRONÓMETRO. m. Reloj de longitudes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué es un &quot;reloj de longitudes&quot;? ¿Cómo se ha pasado de una definición a otra tan diferente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T09:26:14.057" Title="Evolución del significado de &quot;cronómetro&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;acepciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26441" CreationDate="2019-02-09T11:24:28.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí es correcto el uso de &quot;Tiene muchos vericuetos.&quot; en el caso de querer indicar que tiene muchas &lt;em&gt;complicaciones&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;De todas maneras, el uso de &quot;vericuetos&quot; no sería correcto como necesariamente &lt;em&gt;dificultad&lt;/em&gt;. Por ejemplo, la tarea de levantar algo pesado puede ser difícil, pero no tiene vericuetos, porque no tiene mucha complejidad. &#xA;La frase se puede usar, además de relacionada con tareas, para referirse a cualquier &lt;em&gt;cosa&lt;/em&gt; con complejidad de alguna índole. Por ejemplo, una novela puede tener muchos vericuetos en su trama, si es un policial, o también en su redacción, si es un estilo muy cargado. Sin embargo, el último uso de &quot;vericuetos&quot; ya es medio forzado.&#xA;Espero que te sirva. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21133" LastActivityDate="2019-02-09T11:24:28.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28572" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28669" CreationDate="2019-02-09T12:42:52.690" Score="3" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's this famous Spanish song called &quot;El Talisman&quot;, by Rosana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lyrics start with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;talismán de tu piel&lt;/strong&gt; me ha dicho&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que soy la reina de tus caprichos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo soy el as de los corazones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que se pasean en tus tentaciones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  El talismán de tu piel me cuenta&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Que en tu montura caerán las riendas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't figure out what &quot;talismán de tu piel&quot; means in this context. The literal translation - &quot;talisman of your skin&quot; - is not very enlightening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21134" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T14:59:52.247" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T09:32:33.813" Title="What's the meaning of expression &quot;talismán de piel&quot; in a song?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28576" CreationDate="2019-02-09T15:09:35.560" Score="5" ViewCount="853" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;tío&lt;/em&gt; da mucho de sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/26596/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Se solapan las acepciones 6 y 7 de &amp;quot;t&amp;#237;o&amp;quot; en el DLE?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22848/1674&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Por qu&amp;#233; &amp;quot;t&amp;#237;o&amp;quot; designa cari&amp;#241;osamente a una persona pr&amp;#243;xima?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/468/1674&quot;&gt;Does using &amp;quot;t&amp;#237;o&amp;quot; imply a negative opinion?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso concreto, me estoy fijando en la etimología de la palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=ZoWtFfy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tío, a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. tardío &lt;em&gt;thius&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. θεῖος &lt;em&gt;theîos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si mi griego no me traiciona, y como leo en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B8%CE%B5%E1%BF%96%CE%BF%CF%82&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiktionary por &lt;em&gt;θεῖος&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; vendría a tener un sentido de &lt;em&gt;divino&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué punto de la evolución de la palabra se pasó de querer decir &lt;em&gt;divino&lt;/em&gt; a querer decir &lt;em&gt;el hermano del padre o de la madre&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-09T21:42:18.160" LastActivityDate="2020-03-01T21:45:43.597" Title="¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;tío&quot;? ¿Por qué viene de una palabra griega que quiere decir &quot;divino&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;latín&gt;&lt;parentesco&gt;&lt;griego&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28585" CreationDate="2019-02-09T19:48:01.247" Score="9" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiovivo&lt;/strong&gt; aparece definido en el Diccionario de la Lengua por primera vez en 1925. La definición es prácticamente idéntica a la &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZohyPyq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;actual&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Recreo de feria que consiste en varios asientos colocados en un círculo giratorio.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparece ya mencionado en 1880 en &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=pwUQAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;tiovivo&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El traviato: zarzuela en dos actos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, de Rafael Taboada y Mantilla y Juan Antonio Almela:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Toma cuartos, y que te lleve Felipa al &lt;strong&gt;Tiovivo&lt;/strong&gt;. (Vase precipitadamente en la misma direccion que tomó García.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrusel#Origen_del_nombre_Tiovivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; encuentro:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Joan Corominas recoge ... que podría referirse a la &quot;viveza&quot; del &quot;tío&quot; que lo inventó.​ Sin embargo, una anécdota muy extendida (que a algunas fuentes parece inverosímil)​ narra un suceso extraordinario que habría ocurrido en Madrid el 17 de julio de 1834, durante una epidemia de cólera: Esteban Fernández (el &quot;Tío Esteban&quot;), propietario de un carrusel infantil de cuatro caballos de juguete en el Paseo de las Delicias, enfermó y fue dado por muerto; al pasar su cortejo fúnebre precisamente por delante de su negocio, se oyó su voz gritar &quot;¡Estoy vivo!, ¡estoy vivo!&quot;; con lo que la gente pasó a llamar &quot;el Tío Vivo&quot; al propio Esteban y a su negocio, que siguió regentando. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la etimología de &quot;tiovivo&quot;? ¿La señalada por Corominas? ¿La anécdota del &quot;Tio Esteban&quot;? ¿Alguna otra?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T17:12:34.703" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:12:34.703" Title="Etimología de &quot;tiovivo&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28573" CreationDate="2019-02-09T20:04:17.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos palabras θείος en griego antiguo, de distinta raíz.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una (cognado con &lt;em&gt;feria, fiesta, feral, fanático, fano, profano&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/d%CA%B0%C3%A9h%E2%82%81s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;*dʰéh₁s&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&quot;dios&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt; → *dʰéh₁s-yo- → &lt;code&gt;PH&lt;/code&gt; *tʰḗhyos → &lt;code&gt;gr&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;θεῖος&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&quot;divino&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otra, de ahí &lt;em&gt;tío, tía&lt;/em&gt; (cognado con &lt;em&gt;hembra, heno, hijo, feliz, fémina, feto, felación&lt;/em&gt;):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;PIE&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/d%CA%B0eh%E2%82%81(y)-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;*dʰeh₁(y)-&lt;/a&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&quot;amamantar&quot; / &quot;mamar&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt; → &lt;code&gt;gr&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;θεῖος&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sub&gt;(&quot;tío&quot;)&lt;/sub&gt; → &lt;code&gt;lat&lt;/code&gt; thius → &lt;code&gt;esp&lt;/code&gt; tío  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-01T21:45:43.597" LastActivityDate="2020-03-01T21:45:43.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28577" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28620" CreationDate="2019-02-10T18:21:46.763" Score="1" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra suena como &quot;chapara&quot; o quizá &quot;chaparla&quot; y el contexto es una mujer. Mi conjetura es que tiene algo que ver con chuparla, quizas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encontré una palabra &quot;oficial&quot; que cumpla con el contexto de ha pasado algo sexual con la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.thefreedictionary.com/chapara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chapara&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La duda me surge en este contexto: Un muchacho y una muchacha pasan tiempo solos en un cuarto, y alguien quiere saber si algo pasó. Él le pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Qué pasó anoche con la &quot;____&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Está en México, y a pesar de vivir aquí el dialecto de algunas es para mí un lenguaje diferente y inescrutable comparado con las grabaciones donde aprendí español y que entiendo casi como el inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T09:57:32.990" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T15:16:13.820" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;chapara&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="385" CreationDate="2019-02-10T21:55:13.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, rr existed in the Spanish alphabet. I learned it in school growing up in Chile. It does not; however, show up in the dictionary because there is no word that starts with rr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21142" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T21:55:13.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28579" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-11T02:51:03.747" Score="4" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero usar un título corto del tipo &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Balcanes plural: historias, religiones y culturas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al ser un título no puedo dar una frase más larga (no me serviría hablar de “la península balcánica”, por ejemplo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda radica en que (los) Balcanes es una palabra que ya está en plural. Pero “Balcanes plurales” no solo es una expresión cacofónica sino que, además, tiene un sentido distinto. Entiendo que al escribir “Balcanes plural” uso una forma sintética de una expresión más larga que sería “los Balcanes son una realidad plural”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21148" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T11:11:20.870" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T11:11:20.870" Title="¿Es correcto o incorrecto decir “Balcanes plural”?" Tags="&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;número-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28572" CreationDate="2019-02-11T05:53:30.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A talisman (or &lt;em&gt;talismán&lt;/em&gt;) is something that gives me good luck or special protection.  In a literal way a lock of hair could be used as a talisman.  Here, we are not going to hold onto a piece of skin the way we might hold onto a lock of hair, but in poetry we are allowed to be a little bit less technically correct.  I think the poet is using &quot;talisman&quot; as a less tangible thing -- more of a concept -- than one usually does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T05:54:07.273" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T05:54:07.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28562" CreationDate="2019-02-11T06:02:25.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supplemental answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can clarify by adding &quot;en general,&quot; then indicative fits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A mi me pone nerviosa que la gente hable por teléfono cuando manejan, en general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of a sentence where the subjunctive of &lt;em&gt;manejar&lt;/em&gt; is needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando manejes a Houston la semana que viene, avísame cuando hayas cruzado la frontera, por favor, para que no me preocupe por tí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, putting &quot;en general&quot; in this sentence wouldn't make sense (&lt;em&gt;Cuando manejes en general a Houston&lt;/em&gt; would be nonsense).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T06:02:25.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28369" CreationDate="2019-02-11T06:35:39.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Te recomiendo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estropear las cosas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=H0dheap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Estropear&lt;/a&gt;: Echar a perder, malograr cualquier asunto o proyecto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No encuentro una fuente, pero &quot;estropear las cosas&quot; da a entender la idea de que pintaste un cuadro, pero no supiste cuándo dejarlo ya, y seguiste agregando detalles y más detalles y por fin todo se echó a perder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T06:35:39.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28570" CreationDate="2019-02-11T09:26:14.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Técnicamente, el significado de &lt;em&gt;cronómetro&lt;/em&gt; no ha variado a lo largo de la historia. En la práctica, su significado se ha fusionado con el de &lt;em&gt;cronógrafo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que en un principio el significado de &lt;em&gt;cronómetro&lt;/em&gt; sea el que indicas se deriva del hecho de que los cronómetros eran máquinas caras y complejas que se usaban en los barcos para resolver &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron%C3%B3metro_marino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el problema de determinar su longitud&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para determinar una posición sobre la superficie de la Tierra, es necesario y suficiente conocer su latitud, su longitud y su altitud, dándose la circunstancia en el caso de los barcos de que las determinaciones altimétricas no tienen ninguna relevancia, porque operan a nivel del mar. Hasta mediados de la década de 1750, la navegación precisa en mar abierto sin tierra a la vista era un problema sin resolver, debido a la dificultad de calcular la longitud. Los navegantes pueden determinar su latitud fácilmente midiendo el ángulo del sol sobre el horizonte al mediodía (es decir, cuando llega a su punto más alto en el cielo, o culminación). Sin embargo, para encontrar su longitud, es imprescindible disponer de un dispositivo que permita conocer con precisión un tiempo estándar de referencia a bordo del barco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para este menester, durante el siglo XVIII y más en el XIX se popularizó el uso de cronómetros en los barcos, que se sincronizaban con la hora medida en un meridiano de referencia (como el de Greenwich). Por tanto, estos aparatos únicamente medían la hora actual, el hecho de que esa medición de la hora actual sirviera para calcular la longitud es circunstancial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy día un cronómetro sigue sirviendo para lo mismo: medir la hora con gran precisión. Lo que pasa es que la gente usa los términos &lt;em&gt;cronómetro&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;cronógrafo&lt;/em&gt; indistintamente. La tercera acepción del DLE para &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BM00C1c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cronógrafo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es la siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Reloj o aparato que sirve para medir con exactitud tiempos sumamente pequeños.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y según &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron%C3%B3metro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Un cronógrafo es un reloj que, mediante algún mecanismo de complicación, permite la medición independiente de tiempos. Normalmente, en su versión analógica van provistos de un pulsador de puesta en marcha y paro así como otro segundo pulsador de puesta a cero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, los cronómetros miden con precisión el tiempo absoluto, y los cronógrafos miden con precisión el tiempo en un intervalo. En la práctica, para mí un cronómetro sirve para &#xA;medir el tiempo en un intevalo, y lo otro es un reloj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T09:26:14.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28595" CreationDate="2019-02-11T09:39:26.563" Score="3" ViewCount="766" Body="&lt;p&gt;I took a basic module in Spanish and I am very interested in the words &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;felicidad&lt;/em&gt;. Whenever I search for &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt; it just brings me back to 'happy'. I think culturally and linguistically, they are different. I want to do a semantic analysis between &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt; and 'happy' &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;felicidad&lt;/em&gt; and 'happiness'. Could someone help me out? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21149" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T10:26:58.040" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T08:04:36.243" Title="Is there a difference between 'feliz'/'felicidad' and 'happy'/'happiness'?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28575" CreationDate="2019-02-11T10:25:25.723" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentras casos anteriores si lo buscas por separado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luego avanza la noche, las luces se van apagando; los vendedores, roncos de vocear y beber aguardiente, se esconden otra vez bajo los puestos como el caracol en su concha; las gitanas recogen los trebejos y soplan los candiles; los incansables caballos del tío vivo dejan de dar vueltas y cesa su acompañamiento de bombo y corneta de pistón; [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, &quot;Artículos y escritos diversos&quot;, a1870 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero más curiosos e inquietantes son los ejemplos que se encuentran en la hemeroteca a partir de 1837. En muchos artículos se habla de una persona a la que con frecuencia denominan &quot;el supuesto tío vivo&quot;. A continuación algunos textos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ayer nos regala la Gaceta de Madrid, el diario oficial del gobierno, un largo articulo titulado &lt;em&gt;crónica de Madrid&lt;/em&gt;, mezcla informe de fruslerías, variedades y galicismos, en que danza el &lt;em&gt;tio Vivo&lt;/em&gt; con su juego de sortija y su bombo; la temperatura, el aire, las funciones teatrales, el monumento del 2 de mayo [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Eco del comercio.&lt;/strong&gt; 8/7/1837, n.º 1.165, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Dicen que el señor gefe político ha descubierto una conspiración dirigida por el bombo de el Tío Vivo, dueño y señor de los juegos de columpio, situados cerca del cuartel de artillería; de cuyas resultas ha sido reducido á prisión (esto es, el bombo) y obligado á observar silencio perpetuo. Algunos creen que si hubiera sido posible, S. E. lo hace agarrotar. El Tío Vivo es miliciano nacional. El bombo no se sabe á que partido pertenece; pero él tocaba patrióticas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Mata-moscas (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 14/7/1837, página 16.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] cada uno sabe donde le aprieta el zapato, porque para su provecho ninguno es tonto; y sino, dígalo el supuesto tío Vivo, hombre tan próvido y tan sutil, que por temor de que se le escapen los músicos por el corbatin, con perdón sea dicho, los tiene en un tablado, puestos á la vergüenza y huyendo de la humedad, cubiertos con una red como si fuesen gansos ó patos, tocando que se las pelan agrias y sonatas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Panorama (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 30/8/1838, n.º 23, página 20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y por último, anoche bailé, de incógnito, con una Venus de Avapies, de las de mantilla caida y zagalejo en resumen, en el &lt;em&gt;salón del supuesto tio Vivo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Correo nacional (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 5/9/1838, página 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estos artículos me resultan muy interesantes. Todo parece indicar que había un empresario conocido como &lt;em&gt;el tío vivo&lt;/em&gt;, que regentaba un salón de baile con músicos que tocaban en directo, y ese salón tenía bastante fama en Madrid. Pero la cosa se pone más interesante:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] el domingo anterior mientras la daifa ocupaba una silla en la máquina giratoria del supuestio tío vivo, la miraba un terne á lo zaino [...].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Corresponsal (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 7/7/1839, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Una máquina giratoria? Igual esta es la explicación de por qué el local tenía tanta fama. Pero en 1840 de repente me encuentro con esto y ya me descuadra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La máquina de caballos del supuesto tio Vivo, que tantos años ha estado colocada én&#xA;  la pradera dé san Isidro, propia del escelentísimo señor conde de Bornos, se halla situada este año en el cerro de la derecha, por estar ocupado su antiguo sitio coa la&#xA;  máquina del legítimo tío Vivo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diario de avisos de Madrid.&lt;/strong&gt; 15/5/1840, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual he estado interpretando mal los textos, y el salón no era un salón de baile, sino simplemente un local donde había un tiovivo, el tiovivo original del empresario llamado &lt;em&gt;el tío vivo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tampoco hablaremos del &lt;em&gt;tio Vivo&lt;/em&gt; que con sus caballos de madera ha dado mas días de gloria á sus clientes, que otros á la patria con buenos caballos de carne y hueso, y ginetes de lanza en ristre embutidos en coraza y casco. Tres cuartos cuesta el dar dos vueltas en la máquina del &lt;em&gt;tío Vivo&lt;/em&gt;, y por tan poca cosa seria una tacañería el dejar de columpiarse y hacer círculos concéntricos al compás de una murga que cuando se la ve tiene clarinete y fagot, pero cuando se la oye no aparece mas que el pom, pom, pom,&#xA;  del bombo, y el chim, chim, chim, de los platillos tan destemplados que parecen collar de cascabeles ó sonajero de niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Risa (Madrid).&lt;/em&gt; 14/5/1843, página 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pues yo diría que el salón del tío vivo era todo eso: un local donde había un tiovivo y que además la gente usaba para bailar al son de los músicos que tocaban en él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo, pues, que el origen de la palabra &lt;em&gt;tiovivo&lt;/em&gt; se debe únicamente a que el tiovivo original era el situado en el local de un empresario llamado &lt;em&gt;el tío vivo&lt;/em&gt; (no sabemos si el supuesto o el legítimo), y la atracción era denominada &quot;la máquina del tío vivo&quot;, de donde pasó sencillamente a &quot;tiovivo&quot;. El por qué el empresario se llamaba &quot;el tío vivo&quot; es otra historia, que se escapa del ámbito de este sitio, aunque las primeras apariciones de &quot;el tío vivo&quot; en presa, hacia 1837, son compatibles con la anécdota mencionada en la pregunta, supuestamente ocurrida en 1834.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T11:29:30.967" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T11:29:30.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28579" CreationDate="2019-02-11T11:02:15.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que tu intención es hacer un título similar a &quot;La España plural&quot; pero referido a los Balcanes: ✖&quot;Balcanes plural&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lamentablemente y como bien supones, al ser &quot;los Balcanes&quot; ya plural, no sería correcto aplicarle un adjetivo en singular. Tampoco sería correcto suprimir el artículo para usar &quot;Balcanes&quot; como nombre singular, pues no está reconocido como tal ni establecido así su uso: los nombres usados son &quot;península balcánica&quot;, &quot;península de los Balcanes&quot; o, por abreviar, &quot;los Balcanes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, &lt;strong&gt;no sería correcta, gramáticamente hablando, la expresión &quot;Balcanes plural&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, ni otras similares como ✖&quot;Balcanes libre&quot; en las que se combinan un sustantivo en plural con un adjetivo en singular. Sí que serían correctas en inglés, por ejemplo, donde no existe la concordancia en número entre adjetivo y sustantivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría, además de responder a tu pregunta, ofrecerte una alternativa gramáticamente válida... pero la verdad es que no es fácil, puesto que el gancho del título está precisamente en la palabra &quot;plural&quot;. Se me ocurren alternativas que juegan un poco con el doble sentido, como &lt;em&gt;Balcanes se escribe en plural&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Balcanes (plural)&lt;/em&gt;. O, ya alejándonos más de tu idea original, &lt;em&gt;Pluralidad balcánica&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De todas maneras, &lt;strong&gt;que no sea gramaticalmente correcto no quiere decir que no puedas usarlo como título&lt;/strong&gt;. A mí particularmente no me echaría para atrás encontrarme un libro con un título así: lo entendería como una &lt;strong&gt;licencia literaria&lt;/strong&gt; del autor para darle un mayor efecto al título.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quién sabe: quizá, gracias a ti, empiece a establecerse el uso de &quot;Balcanes&quot; como nombre singular para el territorio de la antigua Yugoslavia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T11:08:17.347" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T11:08:17.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28588" CreationDate="2019-02-11T14:04:54.680" Score="6" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con frecuencia se usa la expresión &lt;em&gt;ir de picos pardos&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Dónde está Juan?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Pues se ha ido de parranda.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Sabes a qué hora volverá?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Qué va, cuando se va &lt;strong&gt;de picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt; nunca se sabe a qué hora volverá.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la expresión sirve para designar que se va uno a divertirse, con un pequeño matiz de perdición y nocturnidad: uno se va de picos pardos si se va de bares por la noche, pero no si se levanta temprano para ir a pasear por la montaña.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia tiene un artículo largo sobre la expresión en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir_de_picos_pardos&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ir de picos pardos&lt;/a&gt;, donde apuntan diferentes elementos que he oído. Especialmente este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Carlos III impuso a las prostitutas la obligación de distinguirse mediante sayas de color pardo cortadas por los bajos en picos, aunque también se dice que &quot;Ir de picos pardos&quot; tiene que ver con las costumbres ligeras de los estudiantes del Siglo de Oro y sus acompañantes. Ellas, para identificar su condición de prostitutas, llevaban un cintillo pardo en el borde de la falda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carlos es del siglo XVIII y en el diccionario de 1780 ya existía la entrada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ANDARSE, Ó IRSE Á PICOS PARDOS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  f. con que se da á entender, que alguno pudiendo aplicarse á cosas útiles y provechosas, se entrega á las inútiles, é insubstanciales, por no trabajar, y por andarse á la briba. Otiari, divagari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que podría tener su lógica. Sin embargo, ¿es realmente este el origen de la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T15:44:17.253" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la expresión &quot;ir de picos pardos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28587" CreationDate="2019-02-11T15:44:17.253" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé su etimología verdadera, pero podemos excluir la de rey Carlos III.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su primera entrada que he encontrado en un diccionario es de 1737:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andarse, o irse à &lt;em&gt;picos&lt;/em&gt; pardos. Phrase con que se dá à entender que alguno, pudiendo aplicarse à cosas útiles y provechosas, se entrega à las inútiles è insubstanciales, por no trabajar, y por andarse à la briva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_CHEd9t6dY4C&amp;amp;pg=PA259&amp;amp;lpg=PA259&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;picos+pardos&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (tomo V, 1737)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es bastante antes que el reinado de rey Carlos III (10 de agosto de 1759 - 14 de diciembre de 1788). Además, la entrada cita dos usos de este frase del siglo anterior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y los errantes, quando las pensáramos tener con nosotras fe fueran à buscar &lt;strong&gt;picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt;, ò à la flor del berro. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=165dAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA22&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;picos+pardos&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Universidad de amor y escuelas de el interes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Salvador Jacinto Polo de Medina  (1640)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y como sus oficinas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  son garitos de soldados,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  dice que &lt;strong&gt;se fue&lt;/strong&gt; con uno&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  su mujer &lt;strong&gt;a picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/literatura/aiso/pdf/03/aiso_3_1_033.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ocios&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Conde de Rebolledo (Vv. 53-56) (1660)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay aún más ejemplos del siglo XVI - XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vos &lt;strong&gt;andays os&lt;/strong&gt; por las calles&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;a picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt; buscar&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tomara la por la mano&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a casa la fue a tornar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Romance [Tercera parte de la Silva de varios romances]&lt;/em&gt;, (1551)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aqui fue adonde di à el diablo la guerra, i adonde tuve por insensato , à el que tiene con que paliar en la paz, i viene à buscar &lt;strong&gt;picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt;, i entre abismos de descommodidades anda solicitando su muerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=muZFAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA248&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;picos+pardos&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La vida i hechos de Estevanillo Gonzalez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1646)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La muica de aves dietrifimas, al compàs firmiimo de la naturaleza perpetua; y etas aves vnase lamen parleras, y otras cantòras mas no tienen harpados picos, por ecuar la fealdad, mas &lt;strong&gt;fe andan à picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt;, y cantan que parece que encantan, y embelessan, o embelecan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xf8Ho0EHYmwC&amp;amp;pg=PP94&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;picos+pardos&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Origen y primeras poblaciones de España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Juan Félix Girón (O.C.) (1686)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mesonera soy, señores, que es empleo más honrado mantenerse a quentas negras, que no &lt;strong&gt;andarse à picos pardos&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=d5-dA3tcx64C&amp;amp;pg=PA420&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;picos+pardos&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Obras posthumas lyricas sagradas de D. Joseph Perez de Montoro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1736)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T15:44:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16365" CreationDate="2019-02-11T17:15:25.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente la &quot;pelota&quot; hace referencia a un elemento tipográfico que se añadía tras el último punto final de un artículo y tenía forma de un punto gordo, de ahí lo de pelota. No era exclusivo de los periódicos deportivos, de hecho hasta hace poco la he visto utilizar a veces al final de ciertos artículos en un periódico tan conocido en España como El País pero ignoro si actualmente lo siguen usando en su edición impresa. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21150" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T17:15:25.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28600" CreationDate="2019-02-11T20:21:15.373" Score="3" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a receipt from a national grocery store chain in Peru which says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estimado cliente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ud. hubiese ganado&lt;/strong&gt; 1 opcion(es) para los fabulosos Sorteos de VEACLUB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inscribase Gratis: -some url- y dicte su DNI en caja cada vez que compre en plazaVea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am interested in the &amp;quot;Ud. hubiese ganado&amp;quot; part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A crumpled photo of the relevant part &lt;a href=&quot;https://postimg.cc/Wt1pMPfS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and the same text I found online in a few places &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wUgPXs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing for me is the lack of an explicit 'si' or any other conditional or subjunctive inducing fragment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Native speakers do not seem to think it is incorrect, but I am unable to justify it with my understanding of the rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am wondering if its very use signifies an implicit excitement (how excellent that you may have won) or past conditional (you could have won). To me, it does sound nicer than something more concrete like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ud. puede/podría/pudiera haber ganado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As written, is this a valid way of saying that I may have / could have won something or does it just kind of sound nice and give that idea without actually being grammatically correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12661" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T13:49:54.383" Title="&quot;Ud. hubiese ganado&quot; with no explicit rationale for the subjunctive, uncommon or incorrect use?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-11T20:22:55.327" Score="7" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;Señoras, señores, una pregunta rápida, me van a disculpar si no hago esta vez investigación previa, pero os aseguro que está justificado. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T8zDxm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T8zDxm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;papis&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué estas cosas que tengo en los pies y que parecen batas de cirujano pero para los zapatos se llaman &lt;em&gt;papis&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T06:21:29.297" Title="Etimología de &quot;papis&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-12T00:25:56.793" Score="4" ViewCount="693" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the best and most natural form for this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel is wearing his favorite swim trunks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21152" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-12T10:07:28.113" LastActivityDate="2019-02-23T23:06:07.197" Title="What is the Spanish term for &quot;swim trunks?&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28593" CreationDate="2019-02-12T01:16:49.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain we use the term &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=5NzSlV3&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bermudas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. The word &lt;em&gt;bermuda&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;bermudas&lt;/em&gt; is used to refer to a kind of short trousers in general, both for swimming or not. If you want to specify just say &lt;em&gt;bañador bermuda&lt;/em&gt; or add a context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel se está bañando con sus bermudas favoritas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T01:16:49.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28584" CreationDate="2019-02-12T01:28:36.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to understand subtle differences, what might be helpful would be to look at usage.  The most common words that are often equivalent to the English &quot;happy&quot; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;contento&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;feliz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;alegre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Alegre&quot; could describe a happy-go-lucky sort of person.  For example, &quot;Juan is a happy person,&quot; &quot;Juan es alegre.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Contento&quot; is often more transitory than &quot;feliz.&quot;  Thus, &quot;ser&quot; is often used with &quot;feliz,&quot; and &quot;estar&quot; is often used with &quot;contento.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a minor point, but it might help you: &quot;Feliz&quot; is used for wishing people a happy birthday or a merry Christmas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Feliz&quot; could describe something more abstract, for example &quot;a happy outcome.&quot;  &quot;Contento&quot; would only be used for people or animals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can look at more sample sentences by putting &quot;happy&quot; into linguee.com.  That's the short-cut approach.  The more time-intensive, but more thorough, approach, is to look at the dictionary entries for the relevant words, in a dictionary that gives lots of usage examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T01:28:36.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28584" CreationDate="2019-02-12T01:41:13.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This answer is meant to be an extension of aparente001's answer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The English word &lt;em&gt;happy&lt;/em&gt; is very similar to but not exactly the same as &lt;em&gt;feliz&lt;/em&gt; because &lt;em&gt;happy&lt;/em&gt; actually encompasses the three terms that were mentioned before: &lt;em&gt;feliz, contento,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;alegre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible, for example, to use the phrase &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;I want to be happy&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; to express three phrases that have closely related meanings but are actually different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero ser feliz.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Expresses a desire to be happy, in the abstract sense of the word. The person would like to attain happiness and fulfillment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero estar contento.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Expresses a desire to be in a state of happiness, in the explicit sense of the word. It also has similarity to the cognate of &lt;em&gt;content&lt;/em&gt; but, unlike where English's &lt;em&gt;content&lt;/em&gt; implies a state of &lt;em&gt;contentment&lt;/em&gt; or I daresay &lt;em&gt;acceptance&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;happiness&lt;/em&gt;, in Spanish &lt;strong&gt;contento&lt;/strong&gt; refers to the state of happiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quiero ser alegre.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Expresses a desire to be a person that is cheerful. Cheerfulness is closely associated with a state of happiness and with being happy and fulfilled, but is reflective of personality rather than state of being or sense of fulfillment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T01:41:13.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28591" CreationDate="2019-02-12T02:21:45.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means &quot;You could have won&quot; and refers about a lost chance to win because you didn't subscribe yet. So if you subscribe you possibly will have future chances to win (but that's a ton of lies, you know). And you're right &quot;Ud. podría haber ganado&quot; sounds better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it served to you :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21143" LastEditorUserId="21143" LastEditDate="2019-02-12T02:27:04.170" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T02:27:04.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28584" CreationDate="2019-02-12T08:04:36.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I absolutely agree with @DGaleano, there is no mayor difference semantically between &lt;strong&gt;feliz&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;happy&lt;/strong&gt;. It's the most common translation used. But let's check what the dictionaries have to say about that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HjCSWig&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;feliz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que tiene felicidad. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que causa felicidad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un pensamiento, de una frase o de una expresión: Oportuno, acertado, eficaz. Dicho, ocurrencia, idea feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's replace &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Hj4JtKk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;felicidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; by its meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que tiene grata &lt;strong&gt;satisfacción&lt;/strong&gt; espiritual y física. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Que causa grata &lt;strong&gt;satisfacción&lt;/strong&gt; espiritual y física.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de un pensamiento, de una frase o de una expresión: Oportuno, acertado, eficaz. Dicho, ocurrencia, idea feliz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now let's copy the definitions for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/happy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;happy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; that appear in the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que &lt;strong&gt;tiene&lt;/strong&gt; grata &lt;strong&gt;satisfacción&lt;/strong&gt; espiritual y física.&lt;br/&gt; &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;feeling, showing&lt;/strong&gt; pleasure or &lt;strong&gt;satisfaction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que &lt;strong&gt;causa&lt;/strong&gt; grata &lt;strong&gt;satisfacción&lt;/strong&gt; espiritual y física.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;causing&lt;/strong&gt; pleasure or &lt;strong&gt;satisfaction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Dicho de un pensamiento, de una frase o de una expresión: oportuno, &lt;strong&gt;acertado&lt;/strong&gt;, eficaz. Dicho, ocurrencia, idea feliz.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  (of words or behaviour) &lt;strong&gt;suitable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Happy&lt;/strong&gt; is also used in greetings for special occasions, expressing good&#xA;  wishes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Happy birthday! &lt;br/&gt;Happy New Year!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just like &lt;strong&gt;feliz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡Feliz cumpleaños!&lt;br/&gt; ¡Feliz Año Nuevo!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T08:04:36.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28593" CreationDate="2019-02-12T09:38:26.413" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to disagree with &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28594/13628&quot;&gt;Charlie's answer&lt;/a&gt;: I'm from Spain too and I've never heard of &lt;em&gt;bermudas&lt;/em&gt; being used to refer to a man's &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4z01apR#29JE7BE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bañador&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the term &lt;strong&gt;'bermudas' when used by itself has the same meaning in Spanish as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Bermudas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;in English&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: knee-length, light, walking shorts. A quick &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.es/search?q=bermudas&amp;amp;tbm=isch&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google (ES) image search for &quot;bermudas&quot;&lt;/a&gt; seems to agree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might now and then see the term &lt;em&gt;bermudas de baño&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;strong&gt;usually &lt;em&gt;bañador&lt;/em&gt; is preferred&lt;/strong&gt;. Context is enough to know that you're referring to men's swim trunks, as that is &lt;em&gt;by far&lt;/em&gt; the most common type of swimming apparel for men.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T09:38:26.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28591" CreationDate="2019-02-12T13:49:54.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As written, is this a valid way of saying that I may have / could have won something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, this is grammatically correct.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the standard form would be &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ud. &lt;strong&gt;habría&lt;/strong&gt; ganado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, substitution of subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;HUBIESE&lt;/em&gt;) for conditional (&lt;em&gt;HABRÍA&lt;/em&gt;) is common in some regions, and &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ud. &lt;strong&gt;hubiese&lt;/strong&gt; ganado&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is considered correct in Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/21891/13628&quot;&gt;This answer of mine&lt;/a&gt; explains this in more detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The key thing for me is the lack of an explicit 'si'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is lacking because it is implied: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Ud. hubiese ganado 1 opción (si hubiese estado inscrito)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. This kind of promotions are so common, context is enough for everybody to know what you're talking about (even more so when the next line tells you to subscribe to be eligible to win the next time), so you can get away with not including the condition upon which the use of conditional is based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T13:49:54.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28601" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-12T14:42:22.117" Score="3" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to diagram the verb &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, in translation the dative &lt;em&gt;Me&lt;/em&gt; often operates as the subject of the sentence — &lt;em&gt;I like the apples&lt;/em&gt; — but may be literally translated as &lt;em&gt;The apple is pleasing to me&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the following, then, be the appropriate way to diagram this sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AmzsA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AmzsA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Me gusta la manzana&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, would this then be the correct way to diagram &lt;em&gt;¿Adónde te gustaría viajar?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OTUQx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OTUQx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;¿Adónde te gustaría viajar?&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate any input and please let me know if my understanding of this is in some way faulty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12205" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T17:58:58.727" Title="Sentence diagramming - Gustar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-12T15:44:06.547" Score="7" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo con frecuencia en ambientes coloquiales (grupos de WhatsApp, o redes sociales, por ejemplo) de España frases del tipo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Ayer &lt;s&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hablemos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/s&gt; con Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—El otro día &lt;s&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cenemos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/s&gt; en un restaurante kurdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En lugar del correcto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—Ayer &lt;strong&gt;hablamos&lt;/strong&gt; con Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—El otro día &lt;strong&gt;cenamos&lt;/strong&gt; en un restaurante kurdo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, se usa el presente del subjuntivo en lugar del pretérito del indicativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensando en cuándo y cómo he oído esto, me doy cuenta que suele ser siempre en verbos terminados en &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En general lo leo y oigo en gente con no demasiada educación, pero me resulta chocante. ¿Hay algún momento en el que haya sido de uso común? ¿Existe alguna explicacion &lt;em&gt;histórica&lt;/em&gt; de su uso ciertamente extendido?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T10:45:22.633" Title="¿Por qué se usa el subjuntivo para indicar pasado?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="12" ClosedDate="2019-04-30T13:20:28.760" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28593" CreationDate="2019-02-12T17:36:24.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia ese pantalón corto y holgado para hombre, se denomina &lt;strong&gt;bermudas&lt;/strong&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Venden además unos con un material apropiado para nadar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aO1zH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aO1zH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;traje de baño tipo **bermudas**&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EkrOx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EkrOx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;traje de baño tipo **bermudas**&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="19389" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T14:40:40.163" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T14:40:40.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="652" CreationDate="2019-02-12T21:24:14.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Harris, en su artículo &lt;em&gt;Syllable structure and stress in Spanish: A Nonlinear Analysis&lt;/em&gt; (1983), arguye que &lt;strong&gt;las representaciones subyacentes que inician con la secuencia &lt;code&gt;/st/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/sl/&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/sn/&lt;/code&gt; son ataques que violan la estructura silábica del español&lt;/strong&gt;, por lo que en las representaciones de superficie &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; es una consonante extrasilábica del español. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goad (2011) lo describe como un segmento complejo. De acuerdo con Blevins (2006), &lt;strong&gt;los patrones silábicos permitidos en español son:&#xA;V, CV, CVC, VC, CCV y CCVC&lt;/strong&gt;, pueden tener hasta dos elementos en el arranque y  dos elementos en la rima. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuando aprendemos inglés como L2, insertamos una vocal epentética&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo en el prestamo &quot;snob&quot; tendremos &lt;code&gt;/esnob/&lt;/code&gt;. Algunos investigadores (Ramìrez, 2012; Côté, 2000) reportan en sus estudios que los aprendientes insertamos la vocal epentética para hacer más perceptible el segmento complejo &lt;code&gt;/sn/&lt;/code&gt;. Steriade (1994) afirma que el principal correlato acústico en el que confían los oyentes para identificar rasgos de las consonantes son las transiciones formánticas de las vocales que las preceden, es decir, cualquier consonante que no se encuentre cerca de una vocal será poco perceptible. Goad (2011) propone  que &lt;strong&gt;en variedades del español como el de Castilla, donde la &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; presenta mayor estridencia, los aprendientes del inglés como L2, recurren al mecanismo de reparación de la vocal epéntetica con menor frecuencia&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21156" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-13T13:14:48.633" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T13:14:48.633" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28601" CreationDate="2019-02-12T23:19:16.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28601/sentence-diagramming-gustar/28606#comment49426_28606&quot;&gt;rsanchez's comment&lt;/a&gt; who pointed out a mistake in my answer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example &lt;code&gt;Me gustan las manzanas&lt;/code&gt; (I like apples), &lt;code&gt;Las manzanas&lt;/code&gt; is the subject, &lt;code&gt;gustan&lt;/code&gt; is the verb (third person plural), and the indirect object is &lt;code&gt;Me&lt;/code&gt;, i.e. &lt;code&gt;Yo&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqrKI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqrKI.png&quot; alt=&quot;Diagram_1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-13T19:22:53.383" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T19:22:53.383" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28609" CreationDate="2019-02-13T02:23:33.350" Score="6" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo curiosidad sobre el uso de «sí» en esta frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque, curiosamente, hubo una planta en España que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; logró reciclarlo al 100%, hoy no existe en el país la tecnología necesaria para evitar que una parte vaya al vertedero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eldiario.es en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/ballenablanca/365_dias/Tetrabrik-residuo-nadie-reciclar-Espana_0_867213358.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tetrabrik, el residuo que hoy ya nadie puede reciclar al 100% en España&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También encontré otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A veces no es posible influir directamente sobre esas entidades y es necesario operar sobre otros que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; influyen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; se necesita es voluntad política.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Funciona el «sí» para enfatizar la cláusula que sigue al «que»? Si se omite el «sí», ¿se cambiará tanto el significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, ¿tiene un término correcto este uso de «sí»?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19194" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T15:34:12.260" Title="Usando el &quot;sí&quot; para enfatizar" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19969" CreationDate="2019-02-13T03:32:35.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Involucrar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A situation I'm going through prompted me to look the word &quot;engage&quot; in Spanish, because it best reflects the action I took:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I no longer want to &lt;strong&gt;engage&lt;/strong&gt; in a friendship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Trying to translate this, I got a list of words, including &lt;em&gt;acoplar&lt;/em&gt;, but none hit it they way I felt it. So I will say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No me quiero &lt;strong&gt;involucrar&lt;/strong&gt; más contigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21160" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-13T08:14:56.627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T08:14:56.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28607" CreationDate="2019-02-13T03:50:11.587" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;El uso del adverbio afirmativo &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; sí (jaja) enfatiza lo que se dice en el verbo que le sigue de algunas formas.  No hay un nombre muy específico, pero en por lo menos una parte de la Nueva Gramática se le llama el &lt;strong&gt;adverbio enfático sí&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracto de la &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática&lt;/em&gt; (40.4e, pp. &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SeVHzqRltiSbtdLg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;2986&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=buIkzfbzffKjLIgw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;2987&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Son [otra estructura] más propiamente contrastivos los grupos verbales a los que se antepone el adverbio enfático &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;: la expresión &lt;em&gt;el lugar al que &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; me gustaría ir&lt;/em&gt; se diferencia de &lt;em&gt;el lugar al que me gustaría ir&lt;/em&gt; en que en la primera expresión el hablante contrasta a un determinado lugar con otros posibles, supuestamente presentados en el discurso anterior, que se rechazan o se descartan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tiene por qué venir después de un &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;, vale en cualquier cláusula, sea independiente o no, pero sí antes del verbo principal de la dicha cláusula.  He aquí algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo hablo portugués. &lt;em&gt;(declaración normal)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yo sí hablo portugués.  &lt;em&gt;(alguien expresó su duda)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Voy a buscar un sitio donde haya cerveza. &lt;em&gt;(declaración normal, a ver qué encuentro)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Voy a buscar un sitio donde sí haya cerveza. &lt;em&gt;(ya he pasado por varios sin encontrarla)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El significado exacto puede variar según el contexto.  Puede ser informativo, contrastivo, refutativo, o exclamativo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-02-13T09:35:00.237" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T09:35:00.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28613" CreationDate="2019-02-13T19:44:07.717" Score="5" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, la gente a veces usa el adjetivo &lt;code&gt;flamable&lt;/code&gt; en lugar del &amp;quot;correcto&amp;quot; &lt;code&gt;inflamable&lt;/code&gt; para referirse a algo que puede encenderse con facilidad. Eso me dejó pensando, ¿por qué, en español, decimos &lt;code&gt;inflamable&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre todo considerando que el prefijo &lt;code&gt;in-&lt;/code&gt; tiene las siguientes definiciones en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=L9vLorj%7CL9vXSzQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;in-&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. 1. pref.&lt;/strong&gt; Suele significar 'adentro' o 'al interior'. Infiltrar, inseminación, implantar, irrumpir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;in-&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. 1. pref.&lt;/strong&gt; Indica negación o privación. Inacabable, incomunicar, inacción, impaciencia, ilegal, irreal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-27T18:45:55.977" Title="¿Por qué inflamable y no flamable?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;terminología&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28611" CreationDate="2019-02-13T20:28:42.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del verbo &lt;em&gt;inflamar&lt;/em&gt;, del latín &lt;em&gt;inflammare&lt;/em&gt; que significaba poner en llamas.  &lt;em&gt;Flammare&lt;/em&gt; existía en latín también, pero significaba generalmente &lt;em&gt;arder&lt;/em&gt;, o estar en llamas.  Inflamar es el acto de hacer que otra cosa arda, y el sufijo &lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-able&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-ible&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; significa &lt;em&gt;capaz de ser &lt;strong&gt;V.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-ado&lt;/sup&gt;/&lt;sub&gt;-ido&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  Así, algo &lt;em&gt;inflamable&lt;/em&gt; es algo capaz de ser puesto en llamas (u hoy diríamos capaz de ser encendido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T20:28:42.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28611" CreationDate="2019-02-13T21:11:47.433" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la propia pregunta aparece la respuesta. La primera acepción del prefijo &quot;in-&quot; es la clave. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En efecto, en este caso &quot;in-&quot; no es un prefijo de negación, sino que hace referencia a la preposición &quot;en&quot;, y proviene del latín. El significado sería, como apunta guifa,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-llamas-able.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, capaz de ponerse en llamas, y por tanto que puede arder. Por el contrario, &quot;flamable&quot; sería algo como &quot;capaz de convertirse en una llama&quot;, que no es lo mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;PD: Enviar al Dr. Nick Riviera de los Simpsons, en clara alusión, jaja &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efDYvtj2Rlo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efDYvtj2Rlo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?inflamable&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?inflamable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T21:11:47.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28616" CreationDate="2019-02-14T08:41:29.457" Score="4" ViewCount="3022" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estaba viendo el vídeo &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoPhhb3q384&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aitor Esteban: &quot;Aznar hoy sería un felón&quot;&lt;/a&gt; en la que el diputado vasco Aitor Esteban comenta el 13 de febrero de 2019 lo siguiente (alrededor del minuto 2, sacado del &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.congreso.es/portal/page/portal/Congreso/Congreso/Publicaciones/DiaSes/Pleno&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diario de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados de España&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(...) Y enseguida a uno le viene a la cabeza el nombre de Bellido Dolfos. Algunos de más edad lo recordarán, pues era el típico traidor felón, calificado así en la historia escolar de la escuela franquista que algunos tuvimos que soportar. Aquel personaje, fingido desertor, tras haber asesinado al rey Sancho de Castilla fue &lt;strong&gt;perseguido por el Cid a uña de caballo,&lt;/strong&gt; hasta que se refugió tras la pequeña puerta de la traición de la amurallada Zamora de la reina Urraca. No deja de ser curioso que hoy en día los zamoranos hayan decidido que el felón Bellido tenga una calle con su nombre en la ciudad y la puerta haya pasado de denominarse oficialmente portón de la traición a ser el portón de la lealtad. Al que ayer se definía como felón hoy ya es considerado como un patriota. ¡Cómo cambian las tornas dependiendo del cristal con que se mira!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A parte de lo interesante de la anécdota, me gustó la expresión &lt;em&gt;a uña de caballo&lt;/em&gt;, que el DLE recoge y explica muy bien:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b72slJo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uña&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del lat. ungŭla.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a uña de caballo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. loc. adv. coloq. A todo el correr del caballo. &lt;em&gt;Huir, escapar, salir a uña de caballo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. loc. adv. coloq. Dicho de actuar una persona: Liberándose de un riesgo por su cuidado y diligencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No soy nada experto en caballos, así que me pica la curiosidad: ¿cuál es el origen de la expresión? ¿Acaso cuando un caballo corre muy rápido apoya solamente la uña? En tal caso, ¿no sería la &lt;em&gt;pezuña&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O será lo que se comenta en &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/a-u%C3%B1a-de-caballo.1898585/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la discusión &lt;em&gt;a uña de caballo&lt;/em&gt; de WordReference&lt;/a&gt; refiriéndose a que el caballero va con tanta prisa que se aferra al caballo con las uñas al no tener tiempo de ensillar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-14T10:35:03.553" LastActivityDate="2020-11-23T18:54:11.277" Title="¿Qué quiere decir &quot;a uña de caballo&quot;? ¿De dónde viene la expresión?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28615" CreationDate="2019-02-14T10:33:38.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando hablamos de animales, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b72slJo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uña&lt;/a&gt; puede ser un sinónimo de pezuña:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Casco o pezuña de los animales que no tienen dedos separados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La frase &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;[huir] a uña de caballo&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; es bastante vieja (aparece primero en el siglo XV&lt;sup&gt;3 4&lt;/sup&gt;) y originalmente quería decir literalmente huyendo a caballo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A uña de &lt;em&gt;caballo&lt;/em&gt;. Phraſe que explica la fuga acelerada que uno hace huyendo acaballo, por cuyos pies y ligereza ſe eſcapa de aloun peligro ò rieſgo de ſer cogido de los que le van ſiuiendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jHPnYmf-_YoC&amp;amp;pg=PA10&amp;amp;dq=%22a+u%C3%B1a+de+caballo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua castellana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1729)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en algún momento antes del siglo XVIII, adquirió un significado más metafórico, de huir rapidamente a pie (o cualquiera otra moda):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A uña de caballo&lt;/em&gt;, ſe pondera una vergonzoſa fuga. Para eſto es pura materialidad, que el que huye vaya montado en Mula, Pollino, Cavallo, Camello, Elefante, &amp;amp;c. y aun el que vaya à pie, ò ſbre una caña, como los niños.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tendràn los Impugnantes à buen partido tomar la fuga, y huir con preſteza, velocidad; o como ſe dice vulgar, y adverbialmente, &lt;em&gt;a uña de Cavallo&lt;/em&gt;, montados en el Elefante &lt;em&gt;blanco de Siam&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=BqhSAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA449&amp;amp;dq=%22a+u%C3%B1a+de+caballo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Demonstracion critico-apologetica de el theatro critico universal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (p.449-450) (1759)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, se refiere simplemente a [huir sobre] un caballo galopando (ahora, metafóricamente).&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notas:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; La flor &lt;em&gt;fárfara&lt;/em&gt; se llama &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b72slJo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;uña de caballo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; por la forma de sus ojas. También se conoce por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussilago#Nombre_com%C3%BAn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;paso/pie/uña de caballo/asno/mula&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; etc. Tiene nombres similares en &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussilago&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inglés&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pota_de_cavall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catalán&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussilage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;francés&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Esta yerva es de dos maneras de la quales la una ha las hojas luenga &amp;amp; la otra &lt;strong&gt;redondas como un pie de cavallo. &amp;amp; por esto de muchos es llamada uña de cavallo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;em&gt;Traducción de El Libro de Propietatibus Rerum de Bartolomé Anglicus&lt;/em&gt; (1494)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://etiblogia.blogspot.com/2015/10/dichos-y-expresiones-populares.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Frases, modismos, dichos y expresiones populares&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (Etimoblog: Una aproximación etimológica al léxico del Español)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Crónica de Enrique IV de Castilla 1454-1474&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Crónica de los Reyes Católicos&lt;/em&gt; (1487 - 1488) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T13:13:36.743" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-14T14:25:55.360" Score="7" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día estaba hablando con un amigo argentino de política y dijo que él era &quot;más bien &lt;em&gt;zurdo&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, cosa que en el contexto de la conversación se entendió perfectamente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Después, me vino la duda sobre si &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DiPpTTa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diestro&lt;/a&gt; tendría connotaciones paralelas al hablar de política (que parece ser que nos las tiene), por lo que quise comparar ambas entradas en el DRAE y en el diccionario de americanismos. Consultando este último por supuesto esperaba ver la entrada que dice que un &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=zurdo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;zurdo&lt;/a&gt; es una &quot;Persona que tiene ideas de izquierda&quot; (en Gu, Ni, RD, Bo, Ch, Py, Ar; Ur), pero no me esperaba la segunda, que dice que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(en Ni, Pa, RD). Referido a un hombre, &lt;em&gt;homosexual&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo ganó &quot;zurdo&quot; el significado de &quot;homosexual&quot; en cierto países hispanoamericanos? ¿Cuál es la relación/evolución entre ambos términos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-14T14:28:24.267" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T16:41:51.183" Title="¿Cómo ganó &quot;zurdo&quot; el significado de &quot;homosexual&quot; en cierto países hispanoamericanos?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;nicaragua&gt;&lt;república-dominicana&gt;&lt;panamá&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28577" CreationDate="2019-02-14T15:01:46.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México la palabra &lt;em&gt;chaparra&lt;/em&gt; significa pequeña, enana, de baja estatura.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hay novios que le dicen &lt;em&gt;chaparra&lt;/em&gt; de cariño a su novia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21167" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-14T15:16:13.820" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T15:16:13.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28618" CreationDate="2019-02-14T16:41:51.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Left handedness has long been stigmatised in many societies, coming to be superstitiously associated with various negative characteristics. This is analogous to stigmatisation of other relatively uncommon phenomena in people which contrast how the 'normal' majority act or look e.g. albinism, dwarfism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Many languages still contain references to left-handedness to convey awkwardness, dishonesty, stupidity, or other undesirable qualities. Even in relatively advanced societies, left-handed people were historically (and in some cases still are) forced as children to use their right hands for tasks which they would naturally perform with the left, such as eating or writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This prejudice has bled into a number of expressions in many languages, including Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cuando alguien hace algo fuera de la ley o de la moral, suele hacerlo… &lt;em&gt;por la izquierda&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si tienes un mal día es porque te has levantado… &lt;em&gt;con el pie izquierdo o por el lado izquierdo de la cama.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Una persona que no sirve para nada… &lt;em&gt;es un cero a la izquierda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Al que no sabe bailar le dicen que tiene… &lt;em&gt;dos pies izquierdos.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Las aves que anuncian malos agüeros decimos que vienen… &lt;em&gt;por la izquierda.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23081/cu%C3%A1ndo-se-estableci%C3%B3-izquierda-como-sustituto-de-siniestra-en-el-espa%C3%B1ol&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;siniestro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; itself has been displaced by &lt;em&gt;izquierda, zurdo&lt;/em&gt; due to the taboo nature of the word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to these negative historical associations, lefthandedness itself has come to be used in many expressions as a euphemism for other perceived negative characteristics which differ from 'the norm'. One example is, as you note, being gay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In 19th-century Europe, homosexuals were referred to as &quot;left-handed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This connotation is visible today in the English phrase &quot;batting lefty&quot;, as well as the South American Spanish use of &lt;em&gt;zurdo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zurdera#Consideraciones_culturales_y_discriminaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zurdera#Consideraciones_culturales_y_discriminación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias_against_left-handed_people#Expressions_and_colloquialisms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias_against_left-handed_people#Expressions_and_colloquialisms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.primerahora.com/puerto-rico/blog/prof-gabriel-paizy/posts/expresionesprejuiciadas-1294008/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.primerahora.com/puerto-rico/blog/prof-gabriel-paizy/posts/expresionesprejuiciadas-1294008/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T16:41:51.183" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28625" CreationDate="2019-02-14T19:12:40.347" Score="3" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;When installing programs with language options, I frequently see the localization option &quot;Spanish_ar&quot; in addition to regular Spanish. What locality of Spanish does this refer to? I'd expect something that referred in some way to Castilian or Latin America but &quot;ar&quot; seems mysterious to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPBbo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPBbo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2420" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-14T19:36:30.203" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T09:49:41.547" Title="What is the &quot;Spanish_ar&quot; localization option that programs offer while installing?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28624" CreationDate="2019-02-14T19:28:07.413" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://notepad-plus-plus.org/community/topic/15596/what-is-spanish_ar-which-spanish-is-latin-am-spanish&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; it's stated that it refers to “Español argentina”, at least for notepad++.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T19:28:07.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28592" CreationDate="2019-02-14T23:44:48.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una hipótesis: se parecen a los &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Rnc9hjx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;papi&lt;/strong&gt;llotes&lt;/a&gt; - envoltorios de tela fina:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wu3H9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wu3H9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede ser que la palabra sea una derivación de esta palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T06:21:29.297" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T06:21:29.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28628" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-15T16:41:10.853" Score="4" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused by a couple things in this question I came across:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué libro quería ver la mujer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the video I'm watching, the translation is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What book does the woman want to see?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the word &quot;quería&quot; means &quot;wanted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first question is: How is the word &quot;quería&quot; actually being used here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the word order here is a little confusing. Obviously, the book doesn't want to see the woman but that is kind of the way it is written. Is the word order here just assuming we're going to use common sense and know that it is the woman looking for a book? What if the question was &quot;Qué hombre quería ver la mujer?&quot; That becomes a little more confusing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16484" LastEditorUserId="16484" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T17:13:19.770" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T21:53:23.847" Title="Spanish word order and use of 'quería'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28628" CreationDate="2019-02-15T17:43:03.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That question could only refer to the present if instead of &quot;la mujer&quot; we had a vocative noun indicating respect, such as &quot;la señora&quot; or &quot;la señorita&quot;, accompanied by a third person singular verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué libro quería ver la señora? (What book would you like to see, Madam?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect past can in fact be used as a polite variant of the present in questions and requests, just as in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quería&lt;/strong&gt; saber el precio de esta camisa. (I wanted to know how much this shirt is.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué &lt;strong&gt;quería&lt;/strong&gt; comprar? (What is it that you wanted to buy?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As regards word order, that implausible interpretation (of the book wanting to see the woman) would only be possible if the personal direct object were preceded -- as stated by the pertinent grammar rule -- by the preposition &quot;a&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué libro quería ver &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la mujer? (only possible if the book were personified)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The front position of the direct object in questions is as usual as in English, the only difference being that the subject will most likely appear after the verb (in English, it will appear after the auxiliary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Qué libro quería ver la mujer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What book &lt;strong&gt;did&lt;/strong&gt; the woman want to see?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hombre quería ver a la mujer? means: What man wanted to see the woman?, while&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué hombre quería ver la mujer? means: What man did the woman want to see?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T17:43:03.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28631" CreationDate="2019-02-15T19:13:21.120" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo en Twitter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una lectora amabilísima me sugiere que digamos AVÍO en lugar de KIT y la verdad es que me parece una idea genial: avío de supervivencia y avío de maquillaje (nunca &quot;kit del puchero &quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Lola Pons Rodríguez, &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/Nosolodeyod/status/1095753987498889218&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;13 febrero de 2019&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No conocía esta palabra así que miré en el DLE y tachán:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4a5NnJb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;avío&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De aviar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. m. Prevención, apresto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. m. Entre pastores y gente de campo, provisión que se lleva al hato para alimentarse durante el tiempo que se tarda en volver al pueblo o cortijo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3. m. Conveniencia, interés o provecho personal. Ir a su avío. Hacer su avío.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4. m. Bol., El Salv., Méx. y Perú. Préstamo en dinero o efectos, que se hace a los labradores, ganaderos o mineros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;5. m. pl. Utensilios necesarios para algo. &lt;em&gt;Avíos de escribir, de coser, de afeitar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vista la definición de la 5.ª entrada, parece que puede ser útil como traducción. Sin embargo, que aparezca tan abajo en la lista de entradas, incluso por debajo de las entradas regionales, me hace pensar que no se usa demasiado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces: ¿es buena opción? ¿Se usa actualmente en algún caso?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T21:17:30.037" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T21:17:30.037" Title="¿Es &quot;avío&quot; una buena alternativa a &quot;kit&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28630" CreationDate="2019-02-15T20:54:33.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mí no es una buena alternativa. Comparto lo que expones en la pregunta sobre el uso de &lt;code&gt;Avío&lt;/code&gt;: técnicamente correcta, pero poco práctica, debido a lo poco común del término.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo favorecería &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=H1a2W0o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estuche&lt;/a&gt; que no es solo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Caja o envoltura&lt;/strong&gt; para guardar ordenadamente un objeto o varios; como joyas, instrumentos de cirugía, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;es decir, el continente, si no también el contenido (tercera acepción).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Conjunto de utensilios que se guardan en el estuche.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decir &amp;quot;Estuche de supervivencia&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;Estuche de maquillaje&amp;quot; me parece mejor opción que &amp;quot;avío de supervivencia&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;avío de maquillaje&amp;quot;. Comparando ambas entradas no son tan distintas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Avío) Utensilios necesarios para algo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Estuche) Conjunto de utensilios que se guardan en el estuche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parecería que la primera deja más claro para qué son los utensilios, pero hemos de recodar que la tercera entrada de &lt;code&gt;estuche&lt;/code&gt; no es realmente una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28546/5481&quot;&gt;definición circular&lt;/a&gt; cuando decimos de qué tipo es el estuche (de supervivencia o maquillaje), lo que deja muy clara la finalidad de los utensilios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T21:09:51.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-16T00:23:00.877" Score="2" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haciendo un poco de &lt;em&gt;copy-editing&lt;/em&gt;, me he encontrado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/12785/13628&quot;&gt;esta respuesta&lt;/a&gt; con la siguiente oración:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Una expresión puede ser correcta o no] dependiendo del grupo cultural y el contexto en el que te encuentres. Podría decirse que por su uso &lt;strong&gt;termina aceptándosele&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo el significado como que la expresión termina siendo aceptada en las regiones en las que se usa más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leísmos aparte, creo que la última parte de la frase es incorrecta tal cual está redactada; pues el &quot;se&quot; pospuesto al verbo se asocia con los verbos reflexivos o pronominales, y tal parece que la frase dijera que alguien termina aceptándose la expresión para sí mismo/a, lo cual no tiene sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siendo así, la he cambiado por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Podría decirse que por su uso se la termina aceptando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque igual hubiera valido sin el &quot;la&quot; también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta mi apreciación? ¿Es válido posponer el &quot;se&quot; impersonal al verbo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2020-03-06T08:37:13.187" Title="¿Es lo mismo &quot;por su uso termina aceptándosela&quot; que &quot;por su uso se la termina aceptando&quot;?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23115" CreationDate="2019-02-16T11:41:33.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo llevo toda la vida utilizando &lt;strong&gt;adecuidad&lt;/strong&gt;, y me acabo de dar cuenta de que no viene en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, sí que viene &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BotFPGe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-idad&lt;/a&gt; como sufijo para formarla:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Significa 'cualidad' en sustantivos abstractos derivados de adjetivos. [...] Si el adjetivo es de más de dos sílabas, toma, en general, la forma &lt;strong&gt;-idad&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Barbaridad, afectuosidad, efectividad&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que quizá &lt;strong&gt;adecuidad&lt;/strong&gt; es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21180" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T09:22:11.297" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T09:22:11.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-16T12:40:18.913" Score="2" ViewCount="933" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el BOE, me he encontrado un &quot;que&quot; seguido de coma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;España, como unidad política, es un Estado católico, social y&#xA;  representativo, que, de acuerdo con su tradición, se declara&#xA;  constituido en Reino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente lo encuentro muy recargado, ¿pero tiene alguna función la coma después del &quot;que&quot;? Tal vez suena un poco menos literario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;España, como unidad política, es un Estado católico, social y&#xA;  representativo, que de acuerdo con su tradición, se declara&#xA;  constituido en Reino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5438" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T14:47:24.553" Title="¿Uso de la coma después de &quot;que&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28638" CreationDate="2019-02-16T14:31:55.017" Score="12" ViewCount="569" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some languages, there are different spelling standards in different major dialects. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;British English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;American English&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;colour&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;color&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;aluminium&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;aluminum&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Catalan&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valenci%C3%A0#L%C3%A8xic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Valencian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;cinqué&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;cinquè&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;arrencar&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;arrancar&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;European Portuguese&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_orthography#Brazilian_vs._European_spelling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Brazilian Portuguese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;anónimo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;anônimo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;óptimo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;ótimo&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there similar examples of spelling differences in different Spanish dialects? Or is it completely standardised?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19488" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-23T18:16:49.757" LastActivityDate="2020-12-23T18:16:49.757" Title="Are there dialectal differences in spelling in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28634" CreationDate="2019-02-16T14:47:24.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En español no hay una regla que marque el uso de coma obligatorio después de &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;. Sin embargo, en el ejemplo que nos pones, estamos ante el uso de una &lt;strong&gt;coma explicativa&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me refiero a los siguientes usos de la coma marcados en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A continuación se exponen los usos normativos de la coma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1.1. Aposiciones explicativas:&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando llegó Adrián, el marido de mi hermana, todo se aclaró.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1.4. Cualquier otra clase de comentario, explicación o precisión a algo dicho:&lt;/strong&gt; Toda mi familia, incluido mi hermano, estaba de acuerdo; El buen gobernante, según sostenía un célebre político, debe estar siempre preparado para abandonar el poder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veamos tu ejemplo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;España, como unidad política, es un Estado católico, social y representativo, que, de acuerdo con su tradición, se declara constituido en Reino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ya mencioné arriba, &lt;strong&gt;la coma está introduciendo una explicación&lt;/strong&gt; que no tiene vinculación sintáctica con el resto de la oración. En este caso, &lt;code&gt;de acuerdo con su tradición&lt;/code&gt; es la aposición explicativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sabemos que es una aposición explicativa sin vinculación con la oración principal porque podemos leer la oración sin la aposición y sigue siendo coherente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;España, como unidad política, es un Estado católico, social y representativo, que se declara constituido en Reino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por esta razón (la coma introduce una explicación que no debería estar vinculada a la idea principal), desaconsejaría el uso de la coma como propones al final de tu pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dato curioso: de hecho, sospecho que el único idioma con semejante regla (coma obligatoria después de &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;) es el ruso. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T14:47:24.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28635" CreationDate="2019-02-16T16:12:36.567" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/2/what-are-the-main-differences-between-spanish-in-spain-and-spanish-in-latin-amer&quot;&gt;Some may say that there are not&lt;/a&gt;, however there are two special cases where there are spelling differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vídeo&lt;/strong&gt; (Spain) | &lt;strong&gt;Video&lt;/strong&gt; (Latin America). &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=video&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This one is due to the differences in pronunciation&lt;/a&gt;. Spaniards tend to stress the first syllable (VÍ-DE-O), while Latin Americans stress the second syllable (VI-DÉ-O). Both spellings are recognized by the RAE.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As ukemi points out, some other differences derived from different pronunciation are: buganvi&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;a / buganvi&lt;strong&gt;li&lt;/strong&gt;a; b&lt;strong&gt;é&lt;/strong&gt;isbol/beisbol; &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt;omitar/&lt;strong&gt;g&lt;/strong&gt;omitar; &lt;strong&gt;h&lt;/strong&gt;ierba/&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;erba; jerica&lt;strong&gt;ll&lt;/strong&gt;a/jerica&lt;strong&gt;y&lt;/strong&gt;a &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Méjico&lt;/strong&gt; (Spain and Latin America) | &lt;strong&gt;México&lt;/strong&gt; (Mexico). Now, &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=yw4cM0fJdD6eNgXK1j&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the RAE recommends&lt;/a&gt; the use of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; in words like &lt;code&gt;México&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;mexicano&lt;/code&gt;. However, not so long ago, the use of &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; was pretty standard everywhere but in Mexico when spelling those words (and, as I understad, still common in some regions of Spain). &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similar to the last one, in Mexico there are a lot of toponyms where the use of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; still varies from place to place. Oa&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;aca/Oa&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;aca; Te&lt;strong&gt;x&lt;/strong&gt;as/Te&lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;as; &lt;strong&gt;J&lt;/strong&gt;alapa/&lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;alapa; &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;alcomulco/&lt;strong&gt;J&lt;/strong&gt;alcomulco; &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt;ilotepec/&lt;strong&gt;J&lt;/strong&gt;ilotepec.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Back in 1815, the RAE stated that all /j/ sounds must be written with a &lt;code&gt;j&lt;/code&gt; instead of an &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;. For example: &lt;code&gt;Quixote&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;Quijote&lt;/code&gt;. However, in Mexico (back then, in the middle of the Independence War) this rule was never fully applied. This is why there's that particular spelling drift.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that it's not your exact question, but please consider that t&lt;strong&gt;he dialectic drift in Spanish is heavily marked in other features of the language&lt;/strong&gt; (like semantics, use of pronouns, verb conjugation, pronunciation, use of foreign words), and not so much in spelling.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-16T18:38:55.353" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T18:38:55.353" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28635" CreationDate="2019-02-16T17:40:54.187" Score="8" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Bello orthography&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From 1844 to 1927, the government of Chile, (and some other South American countries influenced by this) followed and recommended an adaptation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bello_orthography&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Andrés Bello's revised Spanish orthography&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Substituting ⟨j⟩ for &amp;quot;weak&amp;quot; ⟨g⟩ sounds (&lt;em&gt;jeneral, jinebra&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Substituting ⟨i⟩ for ⟨y⟩ used as vowels (&lt;em&gt;rei, i&lt;/em&gt;);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing ⟨s⟩ instead of ⟨x⟩ before consonants (&lt;em&gt;testo&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the original spellings eventually regained popularity and Chile returned to following the RAE's orthography after this date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Individual examples&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As prm296 says there are a number of Mexican toponyms etc which use the historical &amp;quot;x&amp;quot; in place of &amp;quot;j&amp;quot;; and words which are pronounced differently in Latin America vs Spain and whose orthographies reflect this (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/242/18348&quot;&gt;béisbol/beisbol&lt;/a&gt; etc, as well as a number with orthographies not recognised by the RAE e.g. cónyuge/&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3nyuge#Pronunciaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cónyugue&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the occasional word in seseo or yeísmo regions that has taken on a homophonic alternative spelling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Alt&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;membresía&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;membrecía (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/3642/18348&quot;&gt;Mexico, Colombia, Peru&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;jericalla&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;jericaya (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=jericaya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mexico&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As well as replacing hi → y, hu → gü, b/v → g, ñ → ni, ll → li:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Alt&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;hierra&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;yerra (&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=KNBlphr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;huero&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;güero (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=g%C3%BCero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mexico&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;buey&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;güey (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=g%C3%BCey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paraguay&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;vomitar&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;gomitar (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=gomitar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Costa Rica, Perú, Bolivia, México, Puerto Rico, El Salvador, Colombia, Chile (rural)&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;pergeño&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;pergenio (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=pergenio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nicaragua, Chile, Uruguay&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;buganvilla&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;buganvilia (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=buganvilia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;México, Guatemala, Honduras&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T23:21:43.953" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T23:21:43.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28628" CreationDate="2019-02-16T21:53:23.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm not sure I have new information that Gustavson's excellent answer didn't have, but I want to present my answer in a slightly different way.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué libro quería ver la mujer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Gustavson pointed out, there's a way of softening things in Spanish, where you put the verb in the imperfect past instead of the present tense.  This is pretty common in Spanish, and it's a great example of the subtleties that can make a foreigner come across as brash or pushy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with teaching materials that haven't been thoroughly reviewed before publication, there's always a certain risk of mistakes.  If the video series has other mistakes, you could feel pretty sure this is a mistake.  However, I can imagine a scenario where this imperfect past tense would make sense, so let's think about it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bookstore clerk A to bookstore clerk B: &quot;¿Qué libro quería ver la mujer?&quot;  (Clerk A noticed that the customer asked Clerk B a question and wanted to get the specifics.  The softened version has extended from the direct dialogue out into the conversation about the original dialogue.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's weird to call this customer &quot;la mujer.&quot;  It would be more natural to call her &quot;la señora&quot; or &quot;la joven&quot; or &quot;la muchacha&quot; (depending on age), or &quot;la cliente.&quot;  Also, the English translation could convey the softening with &quot;What book would the customer like?&quot; or &quot;What book was [&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; is] the customer asking about?&quot;  Finally, the sentence seems a bit contrived.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ver&quot; is a weird verb to use here.  Better would be &lt;em&gt;pedir, comprar,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;buscar&lt;/em&gt;.  All these considerations push me towards wondering how good the series is.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Word order&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, common sense, intonation and context will help you tell the difference between statements and questions.  Additionally: if the object is a person, there will be a special preposition in front: &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;.  Here's an example with an animal, without the special preposition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál flor va a visitar la abeja luego? | &lt;em&gt;Which flower is the bee going to visit next?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm imagining a scene where two scientists are watching a slow motion video of an experiment where a bee is foraging in a clover patch.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use what you know about bees and flowers to identify the subject and the object.  Compare with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál abeja va a visitar las flores marchitadas? | &lt;em&gt;Which bee is going to visit the wilted flowers?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;All this ambiguity shows why people often use &quot;Cuál&quot; instead of &quot;Qué&quot; in their questions.  It reduces the general level of ambiguity for the listener.  For example, let's say A was mumbling and B asks for clarification.  Compare these two cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres té de limón ó té de manzanilla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Limón, por favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cuál quieres, perdón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Quieres té de limón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, gracias, ¿me das una limonada por favor, tengo calor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué quieres, perdón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're shooting in the dark, use &quot;Qué&quot;; if there's a finite list to choose from, use &quot;Cuál.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is another consideration that makes the video a bit suspect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T21:53:23.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28375" CreationDate="2019-02-16T23:09:06.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el internet veo que la moringa se recomienda usar como ingrediente para aumentar el valor nutritivo de varias recetas.  También se recomienda para mejorar la experiencia sexual, principalmente del hombre.  Por ejemplo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://okdiario.com/salud/2017/05/25/moringa-propiedades-2798664&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://okdiario.com/salud/2017/05/25/moringa-propiedades-2798664&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que por lo último se reían.  Quizás habían visto todos el mismo anuncio en la tele, el periódico, o la farmacia, y les daba pena explicar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo descubrí esto?  Buscando con google: &lt;code&gt;moringa sexual&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-16T23:09:06.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19198" CreationDate="2019-02-16T23:25:56.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uno de los usos principales del subjuntivo es para situaciones inseguras.  Por lo tanto, la primera frase es la correcta.  También se usa el subjuntivo para cosas que pueden venir en el futuro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compara estas dos frases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando sopla el viento, se siente más fuerte el frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando vayas a Kashmir en enero, hará frío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, nota por favor que &amp;quot;Tengo frío&amp;quot; quiere decir que &lt;strong&gt;tú&lt;/strong&gt; tienes frío en tu cuerpo (&lt;em&gt;I am cold&lt;/em&gt;), mientras que &amp;quot;Hace frío&amp;quot; se refiere a la meteorología (&lt;em&gt;It is cold outside&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-01-17T03:17:15.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28642" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-17T00:30:52.890" Score="4" ViewCount="1469" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sé que es un derivado de &lt;code&gt;manteca&lt;/code&gt;, pero me llamó la atención lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En italiano, inglés, francés, alemán, islandés y holandés, la forma más común para referirse a la mantequilla derivó del latín &lt;em&gt;butyrum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;¿Por qué en Español, &lt;code&gt;butiro&lt;/code&gt; (también derivado de &lt;em&gt;butyrum&lt;/em&gt;) cayó en desuso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mantequilla&lt;/code&gt; es derivado de &lt;code&gt;manteca&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;¿cuál es el origen de esta palabra?&lt;/strong&gt; He visto varios diccionarios donde se marca el origen como incierto o debatido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T00:46:48.427" LastActivityDate="2019-05-10T11:18:40.387" Title="Etimología de mantequilla (manteca)" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28444" CreationDate="2019-02-17T06:58:55.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I go (verb) to (direction) work (noun) early on Fridays&amp;quot; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Yo] voy temprano al trabajo los viernes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare this with &amp;quot;Once a week I go to the grocery store&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez por semana voy al supermercado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a quirky coincidence that in English, &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt; is both a noun that means &lt;em&gt;the place where I work&lt;/em&gt; and a verb.  Here's a similar sentence without that possible confusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy al buró. | &lt;em&gt;I go to the office.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are right that &amp;quot;I'm going to work&amp;quot; could also mean &amp;quot;I'm going to do my work,&amp;quot; and this is indeed &amp;quot;Voy a trabajar.&amp;quot;  Here's a similar sentence without the funny coincidence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a hacer la cena. | &lt;em&gt;I'm going to make dinner.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to your question is no, these funny pairs of words that look and sound the same in the two parts of speech don't occur in the same way in Spanish as in English, that is, not when you're looking at the noun and the verb infinitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are other places where you can find two different parts of speech that match exactly, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voy a dar una charla. | &lt;em&gt;I'm going to give a talk&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Charla conmigo! | &lt;em&gt;Talk [chat] with me!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Juego a las cartas los viernes. | &lt;em&gt;I play cards on Fridays.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo un juego de ajedrez. | &lt;em&gt;I have a chess game [chess set]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your last question: &amp;quot;at work&amp;quot; = &amp;quot;en el trabajo&amp;quot;.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Estoy en el trabajo.  ¿Te puedo llamar después de las 5?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:07:18.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21035" CreationDate="2019-02-17T07:35:08.477" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not a complete answer but hopefully it's a contribution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I listen to a news podcast from the New York Times called The Daily.  Several times a journalist has told the story of how they got wind of an important story and then the various steps in their work that led them to publish.  These slightly shaggy dog stories generally have something like this somewhere in the middle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So at this point, I had two sources, but my editor asked me to get a third before publishing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the editor to feel that their ass was well covered, the sources had to be &lt;em&gt;independent.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will extrapolate from this and tell you how I imagine things would work inside a dictionary.  I think the editor would want three sources, and they'd have to be quite different from each other, and independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could ask a different dictionary how they do things, and at least that would give you a starting point.  I think I've heard or seen at least one interview with someone who works for a dictionary in the US.  It might be easier to find one that doesn't play its cards quite so close to its chest if you branch out a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:35:08.477" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28154" CreationDate="2019-02-17T07:43:14.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No sé si esto es lo que buscas, pero lo que yo he oído para esta acción es&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=S8RofSS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;intr. coloq. Dar patadas en el suelo en señal de enojo, dolor o desagrado. (DRAE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T07:43:14.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28154" CreationDate="2019-02-17T11:51:13.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el léxico taurino, se llama un &lt;em&gt;desafío&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ganaderoslidia.com/webroot/diccionario.htm#D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.madrid-traveller.com/bullfighting-terms/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DESAFIAR&lt;/strong&gt; - Acción del toro en la que, parándose y fijándose en los bultos escarba la arena, cabecea, se  encampana, y luego se humilla, tapándose y juntando el hocico con el suelo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joseluisabascal.com/libros/Glosario%2520de%2520t%25C3%25A9rminos%2520taurinos.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Glosario de términos taurinos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Más generalmente, además de las sugerencias de Diego (&lt;em&gt;escarbar&lt;/em&gt;), Patricio (&lt;em&gt;piafar&lt;/em&gt;) y aparente001, hay:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/srv/search?m=30&amp;amp;w=patalear&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;patalear&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt; 2. intr. Dar patadas en el suelo violentamente y con prisa por enfado o pesar.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T11:51:13.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-17T15:16:26.513" Score="3" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico le da el reloj a la chica. &lt;sub&gt;The boy gives the watch to the girl.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I rephrase it into this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El chico le da el reloj.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21188" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T06:09:17.860" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T06:09:17.860" Title="Indirect object pronouns: Can I rephrase &quot;El chico le da el reloj a la chica&quot; into &quot;El chico le da el reloj&quot;?" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28648" CreationDate="2019-02-17T15:43:21.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can but it would be the same in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you could say &lt;em&gt;The boy gives the watch to the girl&lt;/em&gt; or you could say &lt;em&gt;The boy gives the watch&lt;/em&gt; but in the second case to whom would be implicit or known from context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish would be the same. &lt;em&gt;El chico le da el reloj a la chica&lt;/em&gt; has a full meaning while in &lt;em&gt;El chico le da el reloj&lt;/em&gt; it is unknown to whom unless it is implicit in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to keep the same exact meaning you can not rephrase one into the other but both sentences are correct and if the contexts clarifies the object of the gift then yes, you can use either one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T15:43:21.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16165" CreationDate="2019-02-17T23:57:30.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buen intento, pero todos ustedes no tienen la respuesta correcta.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;Niñas bien&quot; en México se refiere a chicas de edad entre 16 y 19 años que gustan de llevar una vida jovial y sana, además de tener sus valores familiares bien presentes. Suele ser chicas que son de familia, cursando la secundaria o preparatoria y que se involucran en actividades de jóvenes normales, como ir al cine, salir a bailar o de compras; todo esto sin caer en situaciones que las califique como libertinas o promiscuas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El comercial hace énfasis en las infecciones vaginales que incluso chicas responsables y de familias de buenas costumbres pueden padecer. Es decir, no porque tengas este tipo de infecciones querrá decir que eres una chica fácil o una ramera. Esto ultimo acá en México es muy importante en la reputación de una chica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21193" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-18T10:06:58.413" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T10:06:58.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28651" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28654" CreationDate="2019-02-18T02:56:56.113" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;El DLE recoge 5 significados para el verbo 'enajenar', y (en lo personal, no lo puedo asegurar por norma...) lo habitual es asociarlo con el segundo significado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sacar a alguien fuera de sí, entorpecerle o turbarle el uso de la razón o de los sentidos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, al revisar el CORDE, en los escritos del siglo XIV prevalece la primera acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vender o ceder la propiedad de algo u otros derechos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el mapa de diccionarios de la RAE muestra todas las acepciones en sus versiones. ¿De dónde surge esta segunda acepción que parece haber ganado mayor uso actualmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T10:19:55.927" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la segunda acepción de enajenar?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28648" CreationDate="2019-02-18T03:17:27.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that's fine, as long as the context makes clear who's receiving the watch, in other words, as long as we know whom the &quot;le&quot; is referring to.  The equivalent sentence in English would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The boy gives the watch to her/him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The boy gives him/her the watch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T03:17:27.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29054" CreationDate="2019-02-18T04:25:13.223" Score="2" ViewCount="9569" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generalmente quiero hablar de la parte del papel o de la tela que se dobló (el doblez), y no de la hipocresía o traición (la doblez).  Se me dificulta recordar cuándo se usa &quot;el doblez&quot; y cuándo &quot;la doblez.&quot;  Pido un truco de memoria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:01:44.117" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T19:25:55.707" Title="¿Cómo hago para no confundirme entre &quot;el doblez&quot; y &quot;la doblez&quot;?" Tags="&lt;género&gt;&lt;mnemonic&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28651" CreationDate="2019-02-18T10:19:55.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sospecho que viene del concepto jurídico de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EulzqeC#6TuGu7W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enajenación mental&lt;/a&gt;, que se aplica cuando una persona se considera que ha perdido el control de sus pensamientos y actos, y por tanto no es responsable de los mismos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Este uso cae dentro de la primera acepción, pues se considera que la capacidad de juicio y raciocinio de dicha persona ha sido enajenada, es decir, que ya no la posee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente a base de oír esta expresión en telediarios y noticieros, es como se ha establecido el uso de &quot;enajenar&quot; como &quot;producir enajenación mental&quot;, es decir, llevar a alguien a un punto de ira o locura en el cual pierde la razón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T10:19:55.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28635" CreationDate="2019-02-18T11:02:13.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from a few words (see other posters) the spelling is identical, whereever you are. In general, you won't be able to determine the origin of a speaker by his spelling - but by the choice of words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that Argentina is the only place, where you intentionally spell differently. There I could see plenty of billboards with a spelling that would be considered incorrect anywhere else. Apparently, in Argentina the root of a verb doesn't change in the imperative or other forms as it would elsewhere, e.g., &quot;probalo&quot; instead of &quot;pruebalo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21075" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T11:02:13.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28657" CreationDate="2019-02-18T11:30:54.487" Score="10" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;O más bien troncocónico, pero &quot;redondo&quot; es más buscable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El caso es que esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2ApwC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2ApwC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se llama &quot;cubo&quot;, pero su forma no tiene nada que ver con la de esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nVeAW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nVeAW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que también se llama &quot;cubo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿por qué el primero se llama &quot;cubo&quot; si no tiene forma cúbica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-01-16T13:12:48.500" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T22:17:21.227" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;cubo&quot; si es redondo?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28656" CreationDate="2019-02-18T12:46:55.223" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay dos etimologías aquí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&quot;s-table-container&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;table class=&quot;s-table&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Palabra&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Signifocado&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;th&gt;Etimología&lt;/th&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/thead&gt;&#xA;&lt;tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BWd02bp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cubo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;recipiente para líquidos&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cupa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (via esp. &lt;em&gt;cuba&lt;/em&gt;) &amp;quot;barrica&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BWdCFyL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cubo&lt;/a&gt; ◻️&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;forma geométrica&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;td&gt;del latín &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cubus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;forma cúbica&amp;quot;&lt;/td&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tr&gt;&#xA;&lt;/tbody&gt;&#xA;&lt;/table&gt;&#xA;&lt;/div&gt;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-04-02T22:17:21.227" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T22:17:21.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28659" CreationDate="2019-02-18T16:13:14.037" Score="3" ViewCount="2490" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask if we can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ellos&lt;/strong&gt; son Amanda (girl) y Pedro (boy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we have a group of people of the same gender it is quite obvious what word we have to use &quot;ellos&quot; or &quot;ellas&quot;.&#xA;But what if we have a mixed gender group?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Nosotras&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Nosotros&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; when we talk about a group in which there are men and women?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21197" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:49:32.907" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:49:32.907" Title="Mixed gender groups vs ellos/ellas and nosotros/nosotras" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28658" CreationDate="2019-02-18T16:59:14.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;in Spanish we use the masculine form to talk about collectivities, no matter the gender of its members&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los alumnos&lt;/code&gt; may refer to either a group of exclusively male students or to a group of male and female students.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Los hombres prehistóricos&lt;/code&gt; may refer to both prehistoric men and women. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, &lt;code&gt;Ellos&lt;/code&gt; is the recommended article to talk about a group formed by a girl and a boy. &lt;code&gt;Nosotros&lt;/code&gt; should be used as well when talking in the first person plural about a group with both masculine and feminine members. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That was, let's say, the official and recommended use of gender words regarding collectivities. However, I must say that nowadays it's becoming more and more common to use &lt;em&gt;gender-inclusive&lt;/em&gt; forms of speech that require the use of both gendered articles when talking about groups: &lt;code&gt;las y los alumnos&lt;/code&gt;; &lt;code&gt;las y los españoles&lt;/code&gt;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Real Academia Española —the preeminent council that tries to regulate the use of Spanish— does not approve that approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T04:45:30.357" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:45:30.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28664" CreationDate="2019-02-18T19:55:41.573" Score="5" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La prensa, tanto la de Cádiz como la de Madrid, se ocupó del asunto sin poner en duda la existencia de la Mano Negra y creando una atmósfera de miedo a base de artículos sensacionalistas sobre la «abominable asociación», «aborto de la demencia y el crimen», como uno publicado en El Cronista de Jerez en el que se decía que los miembros de la Mano Negra estaban obligados a matar a la persona que se les designaba y que si no lo hacían eran asesinados a su vez.​ El «&lt;strong&gt;noticierismo&lt;/strong&gt;» de la prensa también fue denunciado por La Revista Social.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mano_Negra#Los_%C2%ABcr%C3%ADmenes_de_La_Mano_Negra%C2%BB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;, citing Avilés Farré, Juan (2013). &lt;em&gt;La daga y la dinamita. Los anarquistas y el nacimiento del terrorismo.&lt;/em&gt; Barcelona: Tusquets Editores. p. 150. ISBN 978-84-8383-753-5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can't find a definition online. Something based off of &amp;quot;news&amp;quot;, perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14454" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T22:59:42.793" Title="What is &quot;noticierismo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28663" CreationDate="2019-02-18T21:06:01.697" Score="3" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;This appears to translate as &quot;crime of the grill&quot; but apparently it is some kind of idiom unrelated to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrilla_(torture)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parrilla&lt;/a&gt; torture device. Could you explain it? I've also seen it as &quot;crimen en una parrilla&quot;, e.g.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nijMLCgWSQs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nijMLCgWSQs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0-l-3iUwBY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0-l-3iUwBY&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCavNr8dlyw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCavNr8dlyw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fue conocido como el crimen de la Parrilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El 18 de junio de 1883 el tribunal de Jerez condenó a muerte por &lt;strong&gt;el crimen de la Parrilla&lt;/strong&gt; a siete personas y a otras ocho, entre ellas al delator de sus compañeros, a diecisiete años y cuatro meses de prisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14454" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:16:29.843" Title="What does &quot;crimen de la parrilla&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28662" CreationDate="2019-02-18T22:44:28.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does not mean anything: &quot;La Parrilla&quot; was just the name of the ranch where the third of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.diariobahiadecadiz.com/version1_0/noticias/reportajemanonegra1.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;series of murders&lt;/a&gt; happened in 1882:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El último de los casos es el recordado como el ‘Crimen de la Parrilla’, por ser en un cortijo llamado así donde supuestamente se perpetró el asesinato, consumado el 4 de diciembre de 1882, de Bartolomé Gago Campos, conocido como ‘Blanco de Benaocaz’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &quot;Parrilla&quot; here is written with a capital letter just like in your quote. That means it is a proper name. Like saying &quot;the Boston murders&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T22:44:28.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28660" CreationDate="2019-02-18T22:59:42.793" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QeTye5x&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;noticiero&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MBKXJUu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ismo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It means &quot;producing news as if it was a competition&quot;, i.e. as opposed to producing actual, true-to-facts news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T22:59:42.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28662" CreationDate="2019-02-19T04:16:29.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Supplementary answer.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also asked about &quot;crimen en una parrilla.&quot;  I googled this as an exact phrase.  Here's  an &lt;a href=&quot;https://tn.com.ar/policiales/crimen-en-una-parrilla-en-avellaneda-una-moza-apunalo-a-un-hombre_501555&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example hit&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;todo comenzó cuando la empleada de la parrilla comenzó a discutir con el hombre&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the context it's clear that &quot;parrilla&quot; here is a certain kind of restaurant.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/spanish-english/parrilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins&lt;/a&gt; translates it as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;grillroom, steak restaurant&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T04:16:29.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10753" CreationDate="2019-02-19T05:24:12.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I checked google with the words &lt;code&gt;carnitas receta&lt;/code&gt; and looked at six sample recipes.  The procedures were rather different in all six, and so were the ingredients.  Here's what I collected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;lomo y pulpa de cerdo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;carne de cerdo surtida (bofe, panza, cuerito, hígado, lengua, nana,&#xA;oreja, trompa)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;carne de cerdo (preferentemente pierna)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espinazo de puerco y costillar de puerco&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;costillas de cerdo estilo campestre sin hueso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;carne de cerdo surtida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would probably do in practice, if I wanted to try to get authentic results: I'd tell the butcher in the &lt;em&gt;bodega&lt;/em&gt; that I'd like to make &lt;em&gt;carnitas&lt;/em&gt;, and see what he comes up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The recipe I think I might try involved a turkey roasting bag!  Which makes me wonder if a slow cooker could be used....)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T05:24:12.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10608" CreationDate="2019-02-19T05:45:26.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sigh.  I tried six online dictionaries and none of them included this expression.  Yet, when I google the exact phrase &lt;code&gt;cruzar a la derecha&lt;/code&gt; I get tons of hits, authentic articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's just one example from &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-3065133&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;El Tiempo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (Columbia):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Varios lectores de Vehículos escribieron a esta redacción preguntando si hacer el cruce a la derecha mientras la luz del semáforo está en rojo es una acción prohibida&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that at least in Columbia this is a reasonable way to talk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that one of the dictionary definitions speaks of a farmer plowing in a criss-cross pattern.  This gave me the idea that whenever there's a concept of perpendicularity, &lt;em&gt;cruzar&lt;/em&gt; can be used.  Well, when you turn right, you are making a 90 degree angle (perpendicular).  Hopefully this connection will make the phrase feel more comfortable for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T05:45:26.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-19T09:06:34.347" Score="4" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque las voces &lt;em&gt;complemento&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;suplemento&lt;/em&gt; comparten una acepción, en muchos casos cada una tiene sus propios ámbitos de uso. Así, un bolso es un complemento a la ropa, pero con el periódico te pueden incluir un suplemento de moda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción común es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=A1KrS6q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;complemento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cosa, cualidad o circunstancia que se añade a otra para hacerla íntegra o perfecta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=YlgimFZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suplemento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Cosa o accidente que se añade a otra cosa para hacerla íntegra o perfecta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿En qué contextos son estas voces intercambiables? Se me ocurre que aunque en español se suele usar &lt;em&gt;complemento alimenticio&lt;/em&gt;, en portugués se usa &lt;em&gt;suplemento alimentar&lt;/em&gt;, y la verdad es que hablar de &lt;em&gt;suplemento alimenticio&lt;/em&gt; no me suena raro. ¿Hay otros contextos además de este en los que las voces sean completamente sinónimas? ¿O consideráis que, aunque se parezcan, las definiciones no son exactamente iguales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T09:02:53.383" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T09:02:53.383" Title="¿En qué contextos son intercambiables las voces &quot;complemento&quot; y &quot;suplemento&quot;?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28572" CreationDate="2019-02-19T09:11:18.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, &lt;em&gt;el talismán de tu piel&lt;/em&gt; might be translated as &lt;em&gt;the talisman that your skin is&lt;/em&gt; or even &lt;em&gt;your talisman skin&lt;/em&gt;, meaning &lt;em&gt;your skin, which is a talisman, has told me...&lt;/em&gt;. Of course, here it has a poetic sense, but you can use this construction even in quite vulgar contexts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El idiota de mi hermano me ha roto el ordenador --&gt; My idiot brother (my brother, who is an idiot,) broke my computer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that, in this construction, the second noun must have a modifier (an article or a posesive, usually). &lt;em&gt;Talismán de piel&lt;/em&gt;, as the question says, would mean &lt;em&gt;skin talisman&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. a talisman made of skin), which is quite different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1768" LastEditorUserId="1768" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T09:32:33.813" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T09:32:33.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27264" CreationDate="2019-02-19T10:16:46.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Las olas provocadas por un temporal marino relativamente fuerte (ni siquiera hace falta que llegue a huracán) son &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.antena3.com/noticias/sociedad/video-estragos-temporal-canarias_201811185bf1d4af0cf2abe03a72a138.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perfectamente capaces de inundar poblaciones costeras, romper muros y paredes, y destruir casas y otras construcciones en pleno siglo XXI&lt;/a&gt;. No veo por qué no iban a poder llevarse consigo unas simples tejas de barro, almacenadas a saber cómo, hace casi dos siglos.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El relato que aportas menciona que el mar &lt;em&gt;«salió de su seno más de 200 varas»&lt;/em&gt;. La &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bMH7x5e#ILZooqC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vara&lt;/a&gt; es una antigua unidad de medida, equivalente a unos 0.85 metros, por tanto estamos hablando de un temporal que hizo que el mar se adentrase en tierra más de 170 metros; o dicho en lenguaje periodístico: suficiente para inundar casi dos campos de fútbol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Una masa de agua con fuerza suficiente para superar el desnivel y los obstáculos encontrados a su paso a lo largo de tal distancia, te puedo asegurar que arrastraría cientos de tejas de barro como si fueran hojas llevadas por el viento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dices además que este hombre, tras asegurar que el mar se llevó &quot;toda la teja&quot;, fue acusado de robar &quot;tejas de barro&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Creo que hay elementos suficientes como para concluir que &lt;strong&gt;sí: &quot;la teja&quot; se refiere a &quot;tejas de barro&quot;, y pueden ser arrastradas por el mar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T10:16:46.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28672" CreationDate="2019-02-19T10:26:54.947" Score="8" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leía hace unos días:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Así pues, una suerte de frente &lt;strong&gt;antiCebrián&lt;/strong&gt; se ha impuesto finalmente en la Academia hasta el punto de que el antaño todopoderoso empresario de comunicación y magnate del grupo Prisa, editor de El País entre otros medios, apenas ha sumado un voto más (13) a los 12 que obtuvo la pasada semana en la primera votación.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/cultura/politicas_culturales/academicos-fiaron-Munoz-Machado-Cebrian_0_848665281.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Los académicos se fiaron más de Muñoz Machado que de Cebrián para dirigir la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, eldiario.es 21 diciembre 2018&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y ese &lt;em&gt;antiCebrián&lt;/em&gt; me hizo alzar la ceja: ¡qué mal se lee una cosa así! Habría dicho que se escribiría &lt;em&gt;anti Cebrián&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;anti-Cebrián&lt;/em&gt;, pero no todo junto creando una estructura tan extraña con una letra en mayúscula en medio de la palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es correcta esta grafía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T11:52:44.407" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T09:41:25.403" Title="¿Es correcto escribir &quot;antiCebrián&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28671" CreationDate="2019-02-19T10:26:54.947" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. &lt;strong&gt;Lo correcto es &lt;em&gt;anti-Cebrián&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, con guion entre el prefijo &lt;em&gt;anti&lt;/em&gt; y el nombre &lt;em&gt;Cebrián&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De la entrada del DPD de 2005:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=cvqPbpreSD6esL3ahc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guion&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; o guión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Como signo de unión entre palabras u otros signos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2. Aunque normalmente los prefijos se unen directamente a la palabra base (&lt;em&gt;antinatural&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;prerrevolucionario&lt;/em&gt;, etc.), &lt;strong&gt;cuando el prefijo precede a una sigla o a una palabra que comienza por mayúscula, se escribe guion intermedio: &lt;em&gt;anti-OTAN&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;anti-Mussolini&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Cuando se desea unir en coordinación dos prefijos asociados a una misma palabra base, el primero de ellos se escribe de forma independiente y con guion, para evidenciar su condición de forma prefija y evitar, al mismo tiempo, la repetición de la base: &lt;em&gt;Se harán descuentos en casos de pre- o recontratación de servicios&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mismo se menciona en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/z.cgi?t=0153685573486386194754281&amp;amp;s=1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ortografía de 2010:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los prefijos se unen con guion a la palabra base cuando esta comienza por mayúscula, de ahí que se emplee este signo cuando el prefijo se antepone a una sigla o a un nombre propio: &lt;em&gt;anti-ALCA&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;anti-Mussolini&lt;/em&gt;. El guion sirve en estos casos para evitar la anomalia que supone, en nuestro sistema ortográfico, que aparezca una minúscula seguida de una mayúscula en posición interior de palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(mil gracias a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/14069/blonfu&quot;&gt;blonfu&lt;/a&gt; por &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/49126799#49126799&quot;&gt;encontrarlo y transcribir la imagen&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T09:41:25.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2019-02-19T10:37:25.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si te digo que en una caja tengo guardados &quot;calzado y ropa de verano&quot;, podrías entender que &quot;de verano&quot; aplica tanto al calzado como a la ropa.&#xA;Si en cambio te digo que en esa caja tengo guardados &quot;bufandas y ropa de verano&quot;, seguramente entenderías que &quot;de verano&quot; aplica solo a la ropa, porque &lt;em&gt;lo normal&lt;/em&gt; es que las bufandas sean de invierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te digo &quot;insultos y aplausos a favor de Griezmann&quot;, habría que ser un poco retorcido para interpretar que los insultos son &lt;em&gt;a favor&lt;/em&gt; de Griezmann.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que el caso que presentas es similar: lo normal es que una &quot;cacerolada&quot; se haga en contra de algo o como protesta por algo. No tengo noticia de caceroladas &quot;a favor de&quot; o &quot;de apoyo a&quot; de nada. Por tanto, en &quot;caceroladas y concentraciones de apoyo al Rey&quot; lo normal sería interpretar que tenemos caceroladas por un lado (en contra) y concentraciones de apoyo por otro (a favor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gramaticalmente hablando, ¿se podría interpretar que &quot;de apoyo al Rey&quot; aplica a ambos elementos? Sí, claro que se podría, pero estaríamos ignorando el contexto y &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/26511/13628&quot;&gt;violando las reglas del método comunicacional&lt;/a&gt; establecido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T10:37:25.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1139" CreationDate="2019-02-19T14:02:28.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico beer is colloquially called in several different ways, here is a few ways I could think of off the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chela&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cheve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caguama&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;caguamon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caguabonga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Milonga (because of miller lites)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una fria &#xA;-Una birria (because of the close sound to beer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una Muerta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una Kawasaki&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una ballena (in areas near the coast)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una amarga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un carton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un sixto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una heladia&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El pisto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;el chupe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unas serpientes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unas cachetonas de banqueta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is all I could think of for now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="21209" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T19:49:36.990" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T19:49:36.990" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-19T16:10:15.360" Score="2" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what the equivalent English expression would be for the Spanish word &quot;sobremesa&quot;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y8JWgN2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sobremesa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; refers to the chat or casual conversation that is held when a group of people have finished eating a given meal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="21209" LastEditDate="2019-02-23T21:44:17.070" LastActivityDate="2019-02-23T21:44:17.070" Title="Is there an equivalent expression in English to the Spanish word &quot;sobremesa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2019-02-20T13:41:48.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28593" CreationDate="2019-02-19T18:03:34.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in Mexico you would call swim trunks &quot;traje de baño&quot;, which literally means swim suit. People also call it &quot;shorts para nadar&quot;.&#xA;And the most natural natural way of saying &quot;Miguel is wearing his favorite swim trunks&quot;in Mexico would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Miguel trae su traje de baño favorito&quot;&quot;or &quot;Miguel trae puesto su traje de baño favorito&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you say bañador instead of traje de baño in Mexico, people would or may think that you mean someone who showers or bathes other people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="21209" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T19:10:45.723" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T19:10:45.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-19T18:17:25.087" Score="6" ViewCount="1551" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the Spanish uses or translations for the word 'struggle'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance the expressions:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We're part of the struggle.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I´m struggling to make ends meet.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The struggle is real.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I'm struggling financially.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T21:38:32.040" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T10:19:21.687" Title="I'm struggling to say 'struggle'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28679" CreationDate="2019-02-19T18:39:53.863" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you have already taken a look at a bilingual dictionary such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=struggle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WordReference&lt;/a&gt;. The problem with &lt;em&gt;struggle&lt;/em&gt; is that it doesn't coincide exactly with any of its Spanish translations. In your examples one can distinguish several core meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The meaning of fighting, battling, engaging in some kind of militant effort. This can be translated with the Spanish &lt;em&gt;lucha&lt;/em&gt; (f.) or &lt;em&gt;luchar&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;We're part of the struggle&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Somos parte de la lucha&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;The struggle is real&quot; = &lt;em&gt;La lucha es real&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The meaning of striving against difficulties, so far unsuccessfully. This one can be translated with &lt;em&gt;luchar&lt;/em&gt; but also with &lt;em&gt;costar&lt;/em&gt; or some periphrasis involving the idea of difficulty:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm struggling to make ends meet&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Estoy luchando por llegar a fin de mes&lt;/em&gt; (lit. &quot;struggling to come to the last day of the month&quot;, i.e. &quot;struggling to keep some money until next payday&quot;); or else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm struggling to make ends meet&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Me está costando llegar a fin de mes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm struggling financially&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Estoy teniendo dificultades financieras&lt;/em&gt;; or maybe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I'm struggling financially&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Estoy financieramente en problemas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the particular grammar pattern of &lt;em&gt;costar&lt;/em&gt;, similar to that of &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I struggle to do X&quot; = &lt;em&gt;Me cuesta hacer X&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;X is a real struggle&quot; = &lt;em&gt;X me cuesta mucho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T10:19:21.687" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T10:19:21.687" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-19T19:48:22.380" Score="3" ViewCount="1349" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me he encontrado con que para mi, la forma mas natural de decirlo es &lt;code&gt;en base a&lt;/code&gt;. Sin embargo, en ciertos escritos o en pláticas se me ha comentado que esa no es la forma correcta de decirlo, que tal vez antes sí lo era, pero ahora se dice &lt;code&gt;con base en&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;¿Es esto correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T20:17:31.227" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T21:06:43.267" Title="¿Cuál es la forma correcta entre &quot;Con base en&quot; y &quot;En base a&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2019-02-20T09:18:36.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28681" CreationDate="2019-02-19T21:06:43.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Hola! Efectivamente, de acuerdo con &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=base&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;con base en&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;a base de&lt;/code&gt;, y &lt;code&gt;sobre la base de&lt;/code&gt; son las forma correcta de la expresión. &lt;strong&gt;Se desaconseja el uso de&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;en base a&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] Es censurable la locución de sentido equivalente &lt;code&gt;en base a&lt;/code&gt;, en la que las preposiciones &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt; y &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; no están justificadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T21:06:43.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23200" CreationDate="2019-02-20T00:46:13.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/con-base-en-mejor-que-en-base-a/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fundación del Español Urgente&lt;/a&gt;, al igual que el artículo del Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas citado por @iznogud, nos recomienda evitar ambas formas; pero dice que es común oír &quot;en base a&quot; hoy día, y &quot;&lt;strong&gt;su empleo no puede censurarse&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La construcción &lt;em&gt;con base en&lt;/em&gt; resulta preferible a la variante &lt;em&gt;en base&#xA;  a,&lt;/em&gt; aunque esta ya se encuentra muy extendida en el uso y su empleo no&#xA;  puede censurarse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T00:46:13.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28668" CreationDate="2019-02-20T01:28:23.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pese a las definiciones oficiales, tengo la sensación de que un complemento se percibe como una cosa que se añade a algo en circunstancias en que &lt;strong&gt;el conjunto pasa a ser parte de un todo mayor&lt;/strong&gt;, mientras que un suplemento es un añadido que &lt;strong&gt;no forma una nueva entidad&lt;/strong&gt;. En parte por esto, la palabra &quot;suplemento&quot; puede tender a percibirse como peyorativa más que &quot;complemento&quot;: un complemento &quot;redondea&quot; una entidad, mientras que un suplemento se le agrega a ésta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, una voz de un timbre determinado puede ser &quot;el complemento perfecto para&quot; otra voz de un timbre diferente; ambas pasan a formar un todo mayor, un dúo de voces; si hablásemos de un suplemento, en cambio, podría percibirse que a la primera voz le falta algo. La asociación fonética entre &quot;complemento&quot; y &quot;completo&quot; por un lado, y entre &quot;suplemento&quot; y &quot;suplir&quot; por el otro, ayuda también.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para responder la pregunta, entonces, hay que apuntar a los casos donde se pueden ignorar estas diferentes connotaciones, que no sé si serán muchos. Quizá estemos demasiado influidos por el lenguaje publicitario. Al menos para mí, y retomando los ejemplos de OP, &quot;complemento alimenticio&quot; suena muy bien para venderle un producto orientado a gente sana que quiere alimentarse bien, mientras que &quot;suplemento alimenticio&quot; suena como si estuviese destinado a personas con nutrición deficiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T01:28:23.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28686" CreationDate="2019-02-20T10:02:06.283" Score="3" ViewCount="603" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/1139/1674&quot;&gt;What are the different words for &amp;quot;beer&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; hay una respuesta que da un listado grande de palabras usadas para llamar a la cerveza en México.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre ellas me llamó la curiosidad una: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la chupe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE tiene unas entradas para esta palabra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=94nUYqA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chupe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;De chupar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. And. chupador (‖ pieza para que chupen los niños).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=94ow6xJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chupe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;Del quechua chupi 'sopa'.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Arg., Bol., Col., Ec., Pan., Perú y Ven. Guisado hecho de papas en caldo, al que se le añade carne o pescado, mariscos, huevos, ají, tomates y otros ingredientes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Ven. Sopa hecha con caldo de gallina, pollo o camarones al que se le añade leche, granos de maíz, trocitos de papa y queso.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y luego el DAMER tiene un montón, también en la línea de la sopa quechúa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=t2SDF7nb7x0AeBX61hw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;chupe&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  m. Mx, Ar, Ur; Ho, juv. Bebida alcohólica. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Mx, Ar, Ur. Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas. pop + cult → espon.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  m. Ec. juv. Fiesta en la que se consumen bebidas alcohólicas en exceso. pop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II. (Del quech. chupí, sopa).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  m. Pa, Co, Pe, Bo:C,O. Guisado hecho de papas en caldo, al que se le añade carne o pescado, mariscos, huevos, ají, tomates y otros ingredientes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ar:NO. Caldo espeso hecho con leche o agua, papa, carne, choclos y otros ingredientes.&#xA;  3.  Ve. Sopa hecha con caldo de gallina, pollo o camarones al que se le añaden leche, granos de maíz, trocitos de papa y queso.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4.  Ch. Guiso hecho con pan, queso y otros ingredientes al que se le añaden carne, mariscos o pescado.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  5.  Pa. Sopa muy espesa hecha a base de ñame y carne de res o pescado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;III.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  sust/adj. Pe. Empleado que ocupa un cargo de poca importancia.&#xA;  2.  Pe. chupamedias.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IV.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  m. ES. Aspiración del humo de un cigarrillo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;V.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  m. Ur. Malhumor, enojo. pop + cult → espon.&#xA;  ■&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a. ǁ    ~ de viernes. m. Pe. Chupe de papas en caldo con pescado, habitual en Cuaresma y Semana Santa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=ymnoY4M4rx0AzE5Wc8S&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡chupe!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.    1.  interj. Co. Expresa satisfacción por algo malo que le sucede a alguien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se utiliza esta palabra? ¿Es usada estrictamente en México y en ambiente coloquial? Dado que el quechua se habla en la zona del Perú, no creo que su etimología haya influido en la palabra en Méxicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T11:02:20.447" Title="¿Por qué se llama &quot;chupe&quot; a la cerveza en México?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28685" CreationDate="2019-02-20T11:02:20.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chupe&lt;/em&gt; (masculino, &lt;em&gt;el chupe&lt;/em&gt;) se utiliza, como ves en el DAMER, como sinónimo de (consumo de) bebidas alcohólicas en varios países, desde México hasta Argentina (acá también decimos &lt;em&gt;chupi&lt;/em&gt;). No parece ser que se trate de un derivación del quechua (en el caso de México esto sería, como notaste, muy poco probable), sino que es, como dice el DAMER, una creación espontánea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Argentina al menos, el verbo &lt;em&gt;chupar&lt;/em&gt; significa coloquialmente &quot;consumir bebidas alcohólicas&quot;, y se usa de hecho más que el sustantivo correspondiente &lt;em&gt;chupe&lt;/em&gt;. Siempre entendí que era una asociación entre la idea de &quot;absorber&quot; y la de &quot;beber mucho&quot; (por eso a veces se completa la frase relativa al consumo de alcohol con un &quot;...como una esponja&quot;). El uso de &lt;em&gt;chupe&lt;/em&gt; como &quot;guiso&quot; sí está restringido al noroeste de Argentina, justamente la región que sufrió la mayor influencia quechua, tal como se esperaría.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T11:02:20.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18811" CreationDate="2019-02-20T11:36:10.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;amaranto o moco de pavo era la base de la alimentación tolteca&lt;/strong&gt;, el que se le diera ese apodo indica que ser moco de pavo era algo usado, como en las expresiones antes citadas, pero lo que hay que explicar parece más bien el &lt;strong&gt;por qué algo NO es moco de pavo&lt;/strong&gt;, y quizá ahí pueda haber intervenido la referencia al amaranto, que cuando no se cultiva sistemáticamente es más bien una mala hierba, pero en cambio puede (por tanto es mera hipótesis, pero para mí mejor que la del reloj) que los españoles encontraran que aún se consumía en México y por su escaso valor &lt;strong&gt;prefirieran otros alimentos&lt;/strong&gt; que no fueran moco de pavo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21219" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T11:36:10.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27931" CreationDate="2019-02-20T14:38:58.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante pregunta. Los dialectos en los que no se usa &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; evitan este dilema, usando siempre &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; para el plural de &lt;em&gt;tú / vos&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si tiene la RAE alguna prescripción para estas circunstancias, pero en el habla normal de mucha gente de España también hay cierta 'asimetría', y es normal usar &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; para el plural de ambos &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is, in fact, the only productive second-person plural form for many Spaniards, for whom it serves as the plural of both &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;. Despite the universally expressed view that there exists symmetry in the Castilian system, such that &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; is the plural of &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; the plural of &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;, we show that there is in fact widespread asymmetry from singular to plural, &lt;strong&gt;i.e., a person might be addressed as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; in the singular while at the same time forming part of a group that is addressed as &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt; by the same speaker.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given that a particular instantiation of the second-person plural can embody multiple such individual relationships, &lt;strong&gt;we first sought to determine if one V interlocutor was sufficient to trigger &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; in the plural&lt;/strong&gt; (much as in Spanish one male member of a group renders a plural adjective grammatically masculine). &lt;strong&gt;It was not.&lt;/strong&gt; It turns out, in fact, that &lt;strong&gt;many of our interviewees admitted to using &lt;em&gt;vosotros&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (and/or its corresponding morphology) in one scenario or another &lt;strong&gt;with a group of interlocutors who would &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; have been addressed individually as &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ylguDQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA263&amp;amp;lpg=PA263&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vosotros, Ustedes,&lt;/em&gt; and the Myth of the Symmetrical Castilian Pronoun System&lt;/a&gt; (p263-), Terrell A. Morgan &amp;amp; Scott A. Schwenter &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-20T16:12:26.800" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T16:12:26.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28691" CreationDate="2019-02-20T14:49:40.983" Score="7" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;La decimoquinta acepción de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SPdVcPX%7CSPeziQe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelota&lt;/a&gt;, según el DRAE es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. coloq. Persona aduladora, que hace la rosca.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si este coloquialismo se entiende fuera de España, pero ahí al menos es frecuente oír expresiones como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fulano le está &lt;strong&gt;haciendo la pelota&lt;/strong&gt; al profesor, para conseguir mejores notas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fulano &lt;strong&gt;es un pelota&lt;/strong&gt;. No para de reírle todas las bromas estúpidas al profesor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se originó este coloquialismo de &lt;em&gt;hacer la pelota/ser un pelota&lt;/em&gt; para referise a una “persona aduladora”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T21:22:48.293" Title="¿De dónde viene la acepción de pelota como “persona aduladora”?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28690" CreationDate="2019-02-20T15:00:10.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unos blogs afirman que viene de su octava acepción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. coloq. prostituta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo curioso es el origen de la acción de hacer la pelota y que derivó en la expresión, ya que proviene de los ambientes de la &lt;strong&gt;prostitución callejera.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Antiguamente las &lt;strong&gt;prostitutas&lt;/strong&gt; también eran conocidas con el término ‘pelota’ (y así lo recoge aún hoy en día el Diccionario de la RAE en su 8ª acepción), No se sabe a ciencia cierta por qué se les llamaba así, aunque parece ser que era porque las prostitutas iban pasando de mano en mano de los diferentes clientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando una de estas ‘pelotas’ andaba a la búsqueda de un cliente adulaba a los viandantes que por allí pasaban, esperando que sus palabras lo convenciera y poder hacer un servicio sexual a cambio de unas monedas. También sabían que cuanto mayor fuera la lisonja que le hicieran, mayor sería el estado de satisfacción del usuario de sus servicios y mejor la retribución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De ahí que al acto de adular a alguien, con intención de conseguir algo, acabara siendo denominado como ‘hacer la pelota’ en clara referencia a lo que hacían las prostitutas (pelotas) con los clientes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-sorprendente-origen-de-hacer-la-pelota-como-sinonimo-de-adular-a-alguien-con-el-fin-de-conseguir-algo/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El sorprendente origen de ‘hacer la pelota’ como sinónimo de adular a alguien con el fin de conseguir algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.yorokobu.es/hacer-la-pelota/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;El origen de los dichos: Hacer la pelota&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T15:00:10.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-20T17:17:17.020" Score="6" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would the sentence, &lt;code&gt;The dog is older than the child&lt;/code&gt; be translated as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro es más viejo que el niño&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El perro es mayor que el niño &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T05:44:10.397" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T05:44:10.397" Title="How would &quot;The dog is older than the child&quot; be translated?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28692" CreationDate="2019-02-20T17:47:26.623" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think both are technically correct, provided that the context (comparing ages) is understood, but I would definitely favor the first one (&amp;quot;El perro es más viejo que el niño&amp;quot;). There is certain ambiguity with the second one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take into account that the dictionary's entry for &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OfcJXRh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mayor&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; conveys (2nd and 3rd entries) that when applied to people this adjective can be used for describing or comparing &lt;strong&gt;ages&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una &lt;strong&gt;persona&lt;/strong&gt;: Que excede en edad a otra. Hermana mayor. Marta es mayor que Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Dicho de una &lt;strong&gt;persona&lt;/strong&gt;: Entrada en años, de edad avanzada. Hombre mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use of &amp;quot;mayor&amp;quot; when applied to animals could imply &lt;strong&gt;size&lt;/strong&gt; and not necessarily age (meaning &lt;em&gt;is bigger&lt;/em&gt; and not necessarily &lt;em&gt;is older&lt;/em&gt;). That is why the context could be important when you are comparing both individuals. If the context is clear (comparing ages) I don't see any problems with the second option (meaning, I don't think that the second option is necessarily wrong, but I would favor the first one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, take into account that in Spanish we don't usually say that &amp;quot;X es más viejo que Y&amp;quot; (as a translation of &amp;quot;X is older than Y&amp;quot;), but we use &amp;quot;tiene más años&amp;quot;. So another way of saying the same would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El perro &lt;strong&gt;tiene más años&lt;/strong&gt; que el niño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T17:47:26.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27092" CreationDate="2019-02-20T21:19:17.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am quite surprised by the current answers. Because I &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; geminate doubled consonants in most cases when I speak, and if I do so it's because that's the pronunciation I learned as a child: from my family, from TV and radio programs, from my teachers... And that's the pronunciation I still hear in &quot;careful speech&quot; (as tchrist put it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With some more common words like &lt;em&gt;obvio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;emmental&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;subvención&lt;/em&gt; I might relax the pronunciation a bit when using a more &quot;laid back&quot; accent (not with &lt;em&gt;pizza&lt;/em&gt;, though), with friends etc. But I'm having a hard time trying to imagine anybody coming across &lt;em&gt;obvención&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;commelináceo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cappa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gamma&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;connotación&lt;/em&gt; for the first time and &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; geminating the doubled consonant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To say doubled consonants are not geminated, is akin to saying that the final D in &lt;em&gt;-ado, -ido&lt;/em&gt; words is not pronounced: the fact that many people doesn't pronounce it during informal speech, does not make it the norm. Some people may say &lt;code&gt;/obiao/&lt;/code&gt;, some people may say &lt;code&gt;/obiado/&lt;/code&gt;, but the standard pronunciation for &lt;em&gt;obviado&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;code&gt;/ob•biado/&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;em&gt;in my experience&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;yes, doubled consonants are geminated in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;, at least when speaking carefully (though I'd rather say &quot;properly&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-02-20T21:19:17.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28700" CreationDate="2019-02-21T00:01:10.020" Score="4" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;En relacion a coches yo creo, que es engomado ecológico. Veo carteles y advertencias en todas partes. ¿Es una revisa general quizá? &lt;a href=&quot;http://m.netnoticias.mx/2018-02-14-c2793435/puntos-a-considerar-para-obtener-el-engomado-ecologico/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://m.netnoticias.mx/2018-02-14-c2793435/puntos-a-considerar-para-obtener-el-engomado-ecologico/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14160" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T15:59:25.627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T17:36:23.140" Title="¿Qué significa engomado ecológico?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="523" CreationDate="2019-02-21T05:23:56.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Spanish learners (I was once one): sure, it's fine to ask for a simple repetition once, but if you're not understanding their intention yet, after one repetition, then it's helpful to try to snag at least one significant word from what they said, and repeat it, along with your request for help.  This is helpful for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It reduces your frustration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It makes you a more active participant and gets you out of the paralysis of the passive role&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It shows the other person how hard you're trying&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It shows the other person what wavelength you're on.  Frequently, after a couple of rounds of this partial regurgitation, the other person understands how challenged you are in understanding Spanish, and becomes more empathetic, speaking more slowly and clearly, and reformulating in a simpler sentence, with less slang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Them: &amp;quot;Su cheque de salarios se deposita en su cuenta bancaria cada quincena.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You: &amp;quot;Disculpe, no entendí muy bien.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Them: &amp;quot;O sea, cada quince días su cheque de salarios se va a depositar en su cuenta bancaria, automáticamente.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You: &amp;quot;Entendí algo de 'quince días'.  ¿Me lo puede explicar otra vez, bien lento, si es tan amable?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Them: &amp;quot;Sí.  Cada quince días... llega el dinero... al banco... a su cuenta de Ud.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T09:43:49.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28698" CreationDate="2019-02-21T05:40:58.213" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se ha de tratar de un tipo de certificación que muestra que el coche no va a contaminar demasiado el medio ambiente, y el pequeño certificado se va a pegar, o engomar, al parabrisas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otro artículo que aclara esto un poco más: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conduccioneficiente.tv/tag/engomado-ecologico/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.conduccioneficiente.tv/tag/engomado-ecologico/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una imagen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ImJes.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ImJes.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;parabrisas con un joven que coloca el engomado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T05:40:58.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28698" CreationDate="2019-02-21T08:04:33.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con la imagen de aparente001 ya nos queda a todos claro qué es un &lt;strong&gt;engomado&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Pero por completitud, un poco de respaldo de los diccionarios de nuestras academias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mencionar que en España no se emplea habitualmente el término para designar ese elemento. El equivalente se suele denominar &quot;la &lt;strong&gt;pegatina&lt;/strong&gt; de la ITV&quot; [Inspección Técnica de Vehículos]. Una de las cosas que supuestamente garantiza portarla en el parabrisas es que tu vehículo contamina dentro de unos niveles establecidos por el gobierno, lo cual supongo que implica el adjetivo &quot;ecológico&quot; en su versión mexicana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comenta @alvalongo que en Colombia se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;calcomanía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La acepción de &lt;strong&gt;engomado&lt;/strong&gt; que aparece en el DRAE no se corresponde con el elemento de la foto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=FNxc1en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;engomado, da&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del part. de engomar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. C. Rica, Méx., Nic. y Pan. Dicho de una persona: Que amanece con goma (‖ resaca).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. Méx. Peripuesto, acicalado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Acción y efecto de engomar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sí aparece en el Diccionario de Mexicanismos de la Academia Mexicana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fuvjo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fuvjo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;engomado&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DRAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6kWuiX2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;calcomanía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del fr. décalcomanie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Procedimiento que consiste en pasar de un papel a objetos diversos de madera, porcelana, seda, etc., imágenes coloridas&#xA;  preparadas con trementina. La calcomanía no figura entre las bellas&#xA;  artes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Imagen obtenida por calcomanía&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T16:02:07.807" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T16:02:07.807" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20693" CreationDate="2019-02-21T14:49:53.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some People Hate Vicious Cats That Die Quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://in.pinterest.com/pin/352969689526620497/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pinterest&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a mnemonic I found on the net to memorize the list of future tense irregulars in Spanish.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sorry. I don't mean to offend cat lovers. I love all animals but the memory trick is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21232" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditDate="2019-02-21T16:16:11.507" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T16:16:11.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28698" CreationDate="2019-02-21T17:36:23.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;En México, un engomado no es más que una calcomanía. Veamos la definición del &lt;a href=&quot;http://dem.colmex.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del Español de México&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Engomado&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3: s. m.&lt;/strong&gt; Etiqueta cuyo reverso tiene pegamento o goma para adherirlo a una superficie lisa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la nota que refieres, el &lt;strong&gt;engomado ecológico&lt;/strong&gt; es la calcomanía que recibes después de la inspección vehicular y que acredita que tu coche cumple con las normas ambientales para Ciudad Juárez, en Chihuahhua. En Ciudad de México, por ejemplo, el &lt;strong&gt;engomado vehicular&lt;/strong&gt; es una calcomanía que recibes cuando tramitas las matrículas y que debes colocar en el vidrio trasero; es de un color específico e indica qué días —en caso de contingencia ambiental— no puedes usar tu coche.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T17:36:23.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26190" CreationDate="2019-02-21T17:49:42.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dado el contexto que proporciona el autor de la pregunta (una canción de un grupo mexicano), considero apropiado echar un vistazo a la definición que da el &lt;a href=&quot;http://dem.colmex.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del Español de México&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona que se considera vulgar, carente de educación por pertenecer a una clase social baja: “Habla como &lt;em&gt;ñero&lt;/em&gt;”, “Está muy &lt;em&gt;ñero&lt;/em&gt; su galán”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T09:14:32.733" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T09:14:32.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23115" CreationDate="2019-02-21T18:20:45.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alentado por @aparente001, vengo a hacer mi humilde aporte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchos hablantes tenemos la misma impresión que expresó Mauricio en un comentario: &lt;em&gt;Yo tenía en mi mente &quot;adecuación&quot; como el proceso de adecuar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La realidad es que el sustantivo &quot;adecuación&quot; remite mucho más directamente al &quot;proceso de adecuar&quot; que a la &quot;calidad/condición de adecuado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que, a menos que recurramos a un sinónimo como &quot;conveniencia&quot;, un modo de desambiguar el término de modo que signifique &quot;calidad/condición de adecuado&quot; consiste en utilizar algún sustantivo antes de adecuación, como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;nivel&lt;/strong&gt; de adecuación&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;grado&lt;/strong&gt; de adecuación&quot;. Estos sustantivos nos llevarán más fácilmente a pensar en cuán adecuado es algo (más que en su posibilidad de adecuarse). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-02-21T18:20:45.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28709" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-22T10:54:59.510" Score="4" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;La RAE nota unas formas reducidas de &lt;em&gt;señor, señora&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XcbtfmF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;seor(a)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xcb6mEb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;seó&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y38uhep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;so&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;señorita → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xc805A7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=i%C3%B1or&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iñor(a)&lt;/a&gt; → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QlO0Odn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ñor&lt;/a&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=%C3%B1or&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QlBeESx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ño&lt;/a&gt;, señá → &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QjyjUqy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que &lt;em&gt;seño&lt;/em&gt; es una forma infantil que usan los estudiantes para referir a una maestra (y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=se%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aparentemente&lt;/a&gt; una forma afectuosa general en Ecuador, Bolivia y el norte de Colombia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el diccionario de americanismos dice que &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ña&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; son formas obsoletas americanas, que hoy en día solo se usan en el habla rural de unos países, y &lt;em&gt;ña&lt;/em&gt; «especialmente para mujeres solteras de mucha edad». Es un caso similar para &lt;em&gt;ñor&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;iñor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero jamás he oído &lt;em&gt;seó, seor&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Dónde se usan? ¿Son sinónimos exactos para señor/señora, o solo se usan en ciertas circunstancias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T15:16:49.843" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T15:16:49.843" Title="Formas reducidas de señor, -ra" Tags="&lt;sinónimos&gt;&lt;contracciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28709" CreationDate="2019-02-22T12:05:55.780" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se explica en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/21580/13628&quot;&gt;esta pregunta&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seó&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;seor/a/es/as&lt;/em&gt; (en adelante &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;seó*&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para abreviar) son corrupciones de &lt;em&gt;señor, señora&lt;/em&gt; que se dieron hace tiempo en registros de habla vulgares.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde se usan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hoy en día, en ninguna parte*, me temo. Si buscas en &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORDE&lt;/a&gt; o en &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/creanet.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CREA&lt;/a&gt; o en &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CORPES/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CORPES&lt;/a&gt;, verás que los usos de &lt;em&gt;seó*&lt;/em&gt; ya en el siglo pasado era escasísimos, y siempre circunscritos a transcripciones de obras anteriores o a diálogos en los que se intenta hacer ver que quien así habla pertenece a un estrato social más bajo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* Entendido como que no hay zonas específicas donde se siga usando de manera habitual, sin perjuicio de algunos usos testimoniales aquí y allá por parte, imagino, de personas de avanzada edad.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Son sinónimos exactos para &lt;em&gt;señor/señora&lt;/em&gt;, o solo se usan en ciertas circunstancias?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ambas cosas :)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Son sinónimos exactos: &lt;em&gt;seora Paquita&lt;/em&gt; es exactamente lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;señora Paquita&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;seó alcalde&lt;/em&gt; lo mismo que &lt;em&gt;señor alcalde&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;seor negocio&lt;/em&gt; igual que &lt;em&gt;señor negocio&lt;/em&gt;; pero no se usan en las mismas circunstancias, por lo indicado arriba (registro anticuado y vulgar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTA: Entiendo la pregunta como referida a uso &quot;vivo&quot;, y en ese sentido es mi respuesta. Obviamente en literatura se sigue usando siempre que el contexto lo requiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T15:45:03.253" LastActivityDate="2019-02-22T15:45:03.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-22T16:45:02.060" Score="1" ViewCount="1341" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do the abbreviations L.E., L.C., and D.N.I. mean in Argentinian Spanish?&#xA;They seem related to car registrations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21244" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-02-22T18:17:28.397" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:17:41.893" Title="What do abbreviations L.E., L.C. and D.N.I. mean in Spanish" Tags="&lt;abreviaturas&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28713" CreationDate="2019-02-22T17:05:43.463" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acording to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documento_Nacional_de_Identidad_%28Argentina%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Documento Nacional de Identidad&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;DNI&lt;/strong&gt; (which means National Identity Document) is the main identity document for Argentine citizens, as well as temporary or permanent resident aliens.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Before the introduction of the DNI in 1968, women had a &lt;strong&gt;Libreta cívica&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;strong&gt;LC&lt;/strong&gt;] (&quot;civic booklet&quot;); men a &lt;strong&gt;Libreta de enrolamiento&lt;/strong&gt; [&lt;strong&gt;LE&lt;/strong&gt;] (&quot;(military) enrollment booklet&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T17:17:41.893" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T17:17:41.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-22T22:02:05.423" Score="1" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to write politely this text in Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Hello, &#xA;I would like to reserve a best table for two people on February 25 at 7:00 p.m., please. I want to write an article and share the experience in my travel blog. Thank you very much in advance.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hola! Buen día. Me gustaría reservar una mejor mesa para dos personas el 25 de febrero a las 7:00 hrs, por favor. Quiero escribir un artículo y compartir la experiencia en mi blog de viajes. Agradezco de antemano sus atenciones. Jack&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21246" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-02-23T12:07:22.437" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T13:00:26.630" Title="Reserve a table" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2019-02-25T06:38:01.200" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28718" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28721" CreationDate="2019-02-23T20:12:50.240" Score="2" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Nicaraguan so I have been used to the voseo for a long time now. I know how to conjugate with it, but I have a question about a certain verb, dar. Usually when you conjugate in the present tense using the voseo, you take out the -ar,  -er, or -ir endings and add -ás, -és, or -ís. But according to Word Reference,the conjugation of the verb dar using the voseo is &lt;em&gt;vos das&lt;/em&gt;. I thought that the only irregulars of the voseo in the present indicative is ser, ir, and haber. But what does the Real Academia say about the conjugation of the verb dar in the present indictative using the voseo? Also, Word Reference says that the conjugation of dar in the present subjunctive is just &lt;em&gt;vos des&lt;/em&gt;. But being Nicaraguan, I'm used to the Central American spelling of the voseo in the subjunctive. For example, for the verb dormir, the conjugation would be &lt;em&gt;vos durmás&lt;/em&gt;. I'm not sure what the Real Academia says is the Central American spelling in the subjunctive, but shouldn't it be &lt;em&gt;vos dés&lt;/em&gt; or is the conjugation in the subjunctive &lt;em&gt;vos des&lt;/em&gt; for both the Argentinean and the Central American spelling? Lastly Word Reference says that voseo conjugation in the imperative for dar is &lt;em&gt;da&lt;/em&gt;. Shouldn't it be &lt;em&gt;dá&lt;/em&gt; since for the voseo in the imperative you usually just take out the r and put the accent on the last vowel, or does the Real Academia say differently for the verb dar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the Word Reference page for reference:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/ESverbs.aspx?v=dar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wordreference.com/conj/ESverbs.aspx?v=dar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21257" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T07:41:42.473" Title="Conjugation of dar with the pronoun vos" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;imperativo&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;&lt;presente-indicativo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2019-02-23T20:27:16.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer (from me) would be this: What we're really talking about when we discuss the differences between &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;united&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  The answers provided by Jorge and Rodrigo touch on this a bit, but I'll put it into my own words like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;You can be united even if you aren't physically together.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;You can be together (physically) but not united.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any stats on this,* but I would imagine there is a greater preponderance of political parties with the word &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; in them than there are parties with &amp;quot;juntos.&amp;quot;  The word itelf — unidos — means &amp;quot;united.&amp;quot;  If &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; has already been taken, however, and a new coalition is seeking to distinguish itself, &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; is definitely a good second choice because through context it implies a sense of unity that goes beyond physical distance.  Even so, after taking a closer look, it appears that as popular as words like &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; may be for a political party, political organizers in Spain and Latin America have not restricted themselves to just these two words when coming up with a name for their respective political groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before I whittled my thoughts down to just that — that the difference was really about the difference between &amp;quot;united&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;together,&amp;quot; I took a close look at each of these words.  I thought it might be helpful for you (and other students of Spanish) to read through some of my observations, but first a correction of sorts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;----------------------------------------------&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*This is a note about my comment on not having collected any stats on how many political parties have contained &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; in their names and how many have contained &amp;quot;juntos.&amp;quot;  Although I did get curious after writing that and looked into it, I discovered, surprisingly, that there really aren't that many, not active ones anyway.  I added what I found to the grid you see below.  As you can see, there aren't that many, but, clearly, more have &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;juntos.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/EL2Vp0Z.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;The political entities in the grid above are all active, to my knowledge.  I didn't purposely look for defunct political entities (of which, I am sure there have been quite a few over the years).  But one party, now defunct, that was active recently (within the past 10 years), was a Chilean party called &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juntos_Podemos_M%C3%A1s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juntos Podemos Más&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;  According to the source I've linked you to, it was founded in 2003, but hasn't been active under that name since 2011.  If you'd like more information on any of the political entities in the grid, check out Spanish Wikipedia as well as English Wikipedia.  Believe it or not, I actually found a couple on English Wikipedia that Spanish Wikipedia didn't have.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;----------------------------------------------&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;First impressions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first difference I notice between these two words is that &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; tends to be used a lot more in political messages and &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; seems to be more often used when talking about relationships, especially romantic ones (although its usage goes far beyond that).  Take a look at Google images for &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=unidos&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwir59SM6NHgAhX6CTQIHYanClQQ_AUIDigB&amp;amp;biw=899&amp;amp;bih=765&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unidos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=juntos&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiS0dGP6NHgAhW1Mn0KHYsXAcAQ_AUIDigB&amp;amp;biw=899&amp;amp;bih=765&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;juntos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; to see what I mean.  This may be due to the fact that a lot of political parties and slogans tend to have the name &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; in them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; is a more common word than &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; ... at least that is what the Google Ngram viewer will tell you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/wEXLHN0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A general search of Google pages, as well as one filtered by News (and even Books, no less!) will indicate &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; is more common, but in a frequency list of 50,000 Spanish words based off of translated film subtitles, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; comes in at #333 and &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; at #1,177&lt;/strong&gt; (the lower the number, the more frequent the word).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that may be interesting, but it doesn't help a student of Spanish determine when to use &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; and when to use &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; if both can be translated in similar ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;----------&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Let's begin with the singular form for these words because sometimes they can differ from their plural forms, but even when they don't, this can help a student understand the plural better.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Unido&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=unido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;unido,&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; when used as an adjective or as a past participle, means &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;united.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/spanish-english/unido&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; only lists the adjectival meaning for this word, but translates it a bit differently; it translates it as &amp;quot;close&amp;quot; (as in a close-knit family/una familia muy unida).  Some examples of both &amp;quot;unido&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; follow.  These examples, and others in this article, come from headlines/articles in online news publications and &lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso's online context dictionary.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  Others I wrote myself to illustrate a point, but I tried to choose examples that might be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;el Reino &lt;strong&gt;Unido&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;the &lt;strong&gt;United&lt;/strong&gt; Kingdom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;los Estados &lt;strong&gt;Unidos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;the &lt;strong&gt;United&lt;/strong&gt; States&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué países son los más &lt;strong&gt;unidos&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Which countries are the most &lt;strong&gt;united&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es el hilo común que los ha &lt;strong&gt;unido&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;What is the common thread that has &lt;strong&gt;united&lt;/strong&gt; them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WordReference also mentions that &amp;quot;unido&amp;quot; as an adjective can also mean &amp;quot;connected,&amp;quot; but I haven't found too many good examples of that.  However, I did see some examples of it translated as &amp;quot;joined&amp;quot; when used as an adjective in a passive &amp;quot;se&amp;quot; construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://as.com/epik/2019/01/25/portada/1548418893_665849.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Incluso el Museo del Prado &lt;strong&gt;se ha unido&lt;/strong&gt; al '10 Year Challenge'&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Even the Prado Museum &lt;strong&gt;has joined&lt;/strong&gt; the '10 Year Challenge'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La derecha &lt;strong&gt;se ha unido&lt;/strong&gt; al independentismo.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The right &lt;strong&gt;has joined&lt;/strong&gt; the independence movement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Junto&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for &amp;quot;junto.&amp;quot;  I'm going to simplify things by just stating that &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; when used as an &amp;quot;adjective,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; when used as an adverb, and when paired with &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;con,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;next to/by/along&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;(together) with&amp;quot; when used as a preposition (which is often).&lt;/strong&gt;  Some examples of its use as an adjective — junto/junta/juntos/juntas, its use as an adverb — junto, or preposition — junto a/con follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;as adjective&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;We are &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ellas están &lt;strong&gt;juntas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;They are &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;as adverb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; as an adverb can sometimes be a bit complicated because it doesn't always follow a typical rule of Spanish adverbs — that they don't decline.  This was first brought to my attention in this thread here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/juntos-or-juntas.945848/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;juntos or juntas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the thread just mentioned, I read that &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; acts as an adverb (rather than an adjective) when it follows the following verbs: estudiar, trabajar, vivir.  But, after looking at a few examples, I noticed that those weren't the only verbs.  I didn't do an exhaustive study of this, but I did find several declined usages of &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; when paired with other verbs.  So you see what I mean, I've listed what I found below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cantamos/vamos/quedamos/salimos/volvemos/tomamos/miramos/empezamos/esperamos/entramos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;juntas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, I used the feminine plural inflection as a test.  So, what I interpreted from the thread I just mentioned is that Collins (the source cited in the thread) considers inflected forms of &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; — junta/juntos/juntas — as adverbs when paired with certain verbs (estudiar, trabajar, vivir).  What I discovered by trying to find examples of this is that, in practice, these inflected forms aren't just limited to pairings with those verbs and that most English speakers would consider these inflected forms of &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; as adverbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a matter of fact, the word &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; is never categorized as an adjective in English unless we're referring to its use in informal speech where sometimes it is used to describe someone who knows what they're doing and does so competently and with conviction as in &amp;quot;The new employee is very together.&amp;quot;  Just to be clear, &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; or its many inflections never takes on this meaning of &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up this section, basically &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; can be an adverb that declines for gender and number, and especially tends to do so when it follows a first person plural verb, but there are instances where the writer has not declined it.  I don't know if there exists any Spanish grammar rule that says you can't, but frequency of usage can often dictate what does or doesn't sound natural to native speakers of Spanish.  Below are some examples from Reverso where &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; has not been declined.  Initially, I thought they might be good examples of standard Spanish, but I later went back to see how frequently I found them online, and now I'm not so sure.  If any native/fluent Spanish speaker/teacher would like to chime in on these examples (or any other portion of this post) please add your comment(s) below.  Here are the examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Montaban &lt;strong&gt;junto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;They ride &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I looked at a smattering of the examples returned from a Google search for this phrase.  The vast majority were followed by a preposition (typically &amp;quot;a&amp;quot;).  So, if I were to use this adverbially — they ride together (rather than next to something), I would use &amp;quot;montaban juntos&amp;quot; (or &amp;quot;juntas&amp;quot;).  I saw enough examples of this in reputable sources to believe that this is standard usage.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;---------------------&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quizás nosotros los podríamos tejer &lt;strong&gt;junto&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Maybe we could knit them &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This being a rather unlikely thing for most to convey, I instead did a search&#xA;for &amp;quot;podemos hacerlo junto&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;podemos hacerlo juntos.&amp;quot;  As with &amp;quot;montaban junto(s),&amp;quot; the same results were found.  If I found instances of the former, &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; was followed by a preposition.  So, again, if you need to convey &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; and not &amp;quot;next to,&amp;quot; go with an inflected form of &amp;quot;junto.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;---------------------&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estamos poniendo &lt;strong&gt;junto&lt;/strong&gt; un perfil geográfico.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;We're putting &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; a geographic profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As with the other two examples, results indicate that &amp;quot;junto,&amp;quot; when it has not been inflected likely is serving as a preposition, is typically followed by &amp;quot;a,&amp;quot; and means &amp;quot;next to/by/along(side).&amp;quot;  If you mean to convey &amp;quot;together,&amp;quot; inflect &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; for gender and number — &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; for males or mixed groups and &amp;quot;juntas&amp;quot; for groups of females.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll round out all of these examples of &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; with those having fewer complications — the &lt;strong&gt;ones that act as prepositions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://afondo.lne.es/asturias/alerta-por-una-seta-toxica-que-abunda-junto-a-rios-asturianos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alerta por una seta tóxica que abunda &lt;strong&gt;junto a&lt;/strong&gt; ríos asturianos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Alert for a toxic mushroom that abounds &lt;strong&gt;next to&lt;/strong&gt; Asturian rivers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Quieres vivir &lt;strong&gt;junto a&lt;/strong&gt;l mar?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Do you want to live &lt;strong&gt;by&lt;/strong&gt; the sea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;navegar &lt;strong&gt;junto a&lt;/strong&gt; la costa&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;to sail &lt;strong&gt;along&lt;/strong&gt; the coast&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.europapress.es/sociedad/medio-ambiente-00647/noticia-espana-junto-belgica-alemania-seran-paises-donde-mas-crecera-empleo-cumplir-acuerdo-paris-20190212165259.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;España, &lt;strong&gt;junto con&lt;/strong&gt; Bélgica y Alemania, serán los países donde más crecerá el empleo para cumplir el Acuerdo de París&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Spain, &lt;strong&gt;together with&lt;/strong&gt; Belgium and Germany, will be the countries where employment will grow the most in order to comply with the Paris Agreement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soy Wolf Blitzer, &lt;strong&gt;junto a&lt;/strong&gt;l mejor...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I'm Wolf Blitzer, &lt;strong&gt;together with&lt;/strong&gt; the best...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A note on &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; specifically&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mentioned earlier that these two words are sometimes similarly translated.  What I mean by that is translations of &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; are sometimes the same ones for &amp;quot;juntos.&amp;quot;  (But not usually the other way around.  It'll be a strange day, indeed, if Spanish speakers start calling the states between the 25th and 49th degrees north latitude los Estados Juntos.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search for both of these words in &lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reverso's context dictionary,&lt;/a&gt; you'll find that the first translation listed for both is &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  So, &lt;strong&gt;if both of these words can mean &amp;quot;together,&amp;quot; how do you know when to use which?&lt;/strong&gt;  Well, for starters, that's a question that would better be answered by a native or fluent speaker of Spanish or a Spanish teacher, but I'll take a shot at answering it based off of what I see at Reverso.  To begin, you'll find more translations of &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  Remember when I mentioned the ranking of these two words in open subtitles?  Well, in terms of frequency that means the number of instances of &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; was tabulated at 108,529 and 25,514 for &amp;quot;unidos,&amp;quot; meaning &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; was four times more frequent than &amp;quot;unidos,&amp;quot; regardless of translation into English.  How does that compare with the numbers at Reverso?  Well, total instances of &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; totaled 64,280; total instances of &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; totaled 4,848.  So, immediately it is plain to see that we're dealing with a slightly different database of words since this is a 13-fold difference instead of just four.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be that as it may, let's hone in on the translations of these words as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  61,461 (96%) of the instances of &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; are translated as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot;; only 1,736 (36%) of the instances of &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; are translated as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  What does this mean to the student of Spanish?  Well, if you're unsure about whether or not you should translate &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;unidos,&amp;quot; you'll be hedging your bet quite safely by going with &amp;quot;juntos.&amp;quot;  Apart from that, the only real difference I can see in the examples is that &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; when translated as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; appears to surface in what appears to be rather formal language.  I'll provide some examples of both &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; so you can see what I mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples with &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hacemos cosas &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, innovamos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, avanzamos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;We make things &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, we innovate &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, we advance &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Crecieron &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, se enlistaron &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, pelearon &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;They grew up &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, enlisted &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, fought &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Han dormido &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, vivido &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;, peleado &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;You've slept &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, lived &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;, fought &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo si actuamos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt; sobreviviremos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Only if we act &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; will we survive &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trabajemos &lt;strong&gt;juntos&lt;/strong&gt; por el bien común europeo.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Let us work &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; for the common European good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples with &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que seguiremos trabajando &lt;strong&gt;unidos&lt;/strong&gt; en el futuro.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I know we will continue to work &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es importante que trabajemos &lt;strong&gt;unidos&lt;/strong&gt; para lograr una Europa más segura y más tranquila.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;It is important that we work &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; to ensure a safer and more secure Europe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los talibanes constituyen una amenaza común y ambos países deben trabajar &lt;strong&gt;unidos&lt;/strong&gt; para abordarla.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The Taliban poses a common threat and both countries must work &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; to address it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fue la incertidumbre lo que nos mantuvo &lt;strong&gt;unidos&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;It was uncertainty that kept us &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, the sentences that translated &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; seemed a bit loose to me.  I wouldn't say they were bad translations; they just seemed to stray a bit more from the literal meanings of words than what I found in the examples of &amp;quot;juntos&amp;quot; translated as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  The other thing I noticed is that there is definitely a sense of &amp;quot;united&amp;quot; in the meaning of &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; when you read through those translations that have been translated from &amp;quot;unidos.&amp;quot;  Taking this thought a step further, if it weren't for the fact that &amp;quot;united&amp;quot; isn't an adverb, you could definitely just as easily swap out &amp;quot;united&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;together&amp;quot; in all of the examples where &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; has been translated as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  Now that I think about it, it might be the main reason why &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; would be translated as &amp;quot;together.&amp;quot;  Sure, for the purposes of creating something grammatically correct in English, you could stretch your translation of &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;unitedly,&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;work unitedly&amp;quot; just doesn't sound as good as &amp;quot;work together&amp;quot; (to me, anyway) and &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=work+together%2C+work+unitedly&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cwork%20together%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cwork%20unitedly%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it just isn't a common pairing of words in English.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this brings me to my next point and something that you might have already noticed.  &lt;strong&gt;When &amp;quot;unidos&amp;quot; is translated as &amp;quot;together,&amp;quot; it often follows some form of &amp;quot;trabajar.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Even so, &amp;quot;trabajar juntos,&amp;quot; is far more common than &amp;quot;trabajar unidos&amp;quot; (almost 10 times more common).  That said, I get the sense that &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/trabajar+juntos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trabajar juntos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is more of a &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;working together&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/trabajar+unidos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trabajar unidos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is more of a &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;working as one (body/unit/entity).&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  The hyperlinks in the last sentence will take you to Reverso translations for each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, &amp;quot;junto&amp;quot; and its inflected forms can serve as an adjective that sometimes means &amp;quot;joined&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/EnaUQyR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T06:59:34.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28718" CreationDate="2019-02-23T21:38:20.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The conjugation of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; is in fact regular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;present indicative: &lt;em&gt;(vos) das&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;present subjunctive: &lt;em&gt;(vos) des&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;imperative: &lt;em&gt;(vos) da&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's only because the root of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; is nonsyllabic (a mere &lt;em&gt;d-&lt;/em&gt;) that you find it curious. Bear in mind that the spelling is in principle meant to reproduce the speech. The accute accent mark that one must use with most verbs when conjugated with &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt; in the 2nd person singular is just the way to show the stress that falls on the last syllable; it's not actually part of the conjugation rules. Since all the forms of &lt;em&gt;dar&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; in the present and imperative are monosyllabic, there's no need to add any accent marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The verb form &lt;em&gt;dé&lt;/em&gt; (present subjunctive, 3rd person singular) does need an accent mark, but this is a diacritic usage, i.e. the written accent is just a way to differentiate the word from a homophone (the preposition &lt;em&gt;de&lt;/em&gt;). This is the same thing that happens with &lt;em&gt;té&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;tea&quot;) vs. &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; (2nd person singular object pronoun), and with &lt;em&gt;ve&lt;/em&gt; (3rd person singular indicative of &lt;em&gt;ver&lt;/em&gt;) vs. &lt;em&gt;vé&lt;/em&gt; (singular imperative of &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; in dialects with &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt;). The forms &lt;em&gt;(vos) das, (vos) des, (vos) da&lt;/em&gt; are not homophones of anything else, so they don't need any diacritic accent mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-24T07:41:42.473" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T07:41:42.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28593" CreationDate="2019-02-23T23:06:07.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term swim trunks /swimming trunks is used to called those shorts men wear to swim.  In Mexico we called them &quot;traje de baño&quot;. I understand you use swim suit to name those clothes women / men wear to swim. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastActivityDate="2019-02-23T23:06:07.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28715" CreationDate="2019-02-23T23:38:38.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría reservar una mesa cómoda y con buena ubicación para dos personas el día 25 de febrero a las 19:00 horas, por favor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion this will be a polite way to say what you asked. I wrote 19:00, but if you prefer, you can use 7:00. The intention is to be clear if you want to book in the evening, nonetheless is not a rule that you have to use necessarily the 24 hours time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-24T07:43:53.477" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T07:43:53.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28725" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28726" CreationDate="2019-02-24T15:06:54.087" Score="4" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy nicaragüense, pero me interesa el tema. Con lo que he visto sobre el dialecto chileno, mi suposición sería &lt;em&gt;que vos jugís&lt;/em&gt;, pero no estoy seguro si esa respuesta es correcta. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21257" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T15:53:39.080" Title="¿Cómo se conjuga el verbo jugar en el presente de subjuntivo con el pronombre vos en el dialecto chileno?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;chile&gt;&lt;voseo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28725" CreationDate="2019-02-24T15:53:39.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma voseante de los chilenos es &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;juguís&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con una &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; final muy relajada, casi &lt;em&gt;juguí&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten presente que casi no usamos el pronombre &lt;em&gt;vos&lt;/em&gt; (se puede escuchar pero no es muy frecuente, y a veces suena un poco agresivo). Preferimos el pronombre &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; (o ninguno), y la conjugación queda igual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me avisai cuando juguí. (&lt;em&gt;Avísame cuando juegues&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No juguís mucho rato. (&lt;em&gt;No juegues mucho rato&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ojalá que tú juguís de arquero. (&lt;em&gt;Ojalá que tú juegues de arquero&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T15:53:39.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17869" CreationDate="2019-02-24T17:35:03.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;These words come up often in politics, because groupings may be in flux, with groups sometimes splitting, sometimes coming together.  Groupings can occur at a variety of levels, from mergers to coalitions to alliances to loose groupings to umbrella group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For starters: &lt;em&gt;juntar&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to gather or bring together&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;juntarse&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to join in doing something together&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;unirse&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to unite&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;unirse a&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to join (an organization or movement)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to unite (for a common purpose)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the choice isn't cut and dried.  When choosing which word to use for a particular message, slogan or chant, the following may be more important than the literal meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;meter and rhyme&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a new group wanting to avoid using the word traditionally associated with a particular group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a new group wanting to appropriate (and perhaps redefine to some extent) a word previously used by a particular group (think of the Gray Panthers, that came after the Black Panthers -- &quot;Panthers&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a new group wanting to show its evolution from one or more previously existing groups&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most useful thing, in understanding which word is used when, would be to look at some examples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¡El pueblo, unido, jamás será vencido!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a chant, and &lt;em&gt;unido&lt;/em&gt; works well because of the meter and the rhyme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Únete al PRD.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a slogan.  It comes from &lt;em&gt;unirse&lt;/em&gt; and means &quot;Join the (name of political party).&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juntos Sí Podemos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A slogan, meaning &quot;Together Yes We Can.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entre Todos Sí Podemos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same, but with a different rhythm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Miles de mujeres llegan a Chiapas para luchar junto a las zapatistas por sus derechos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a newspaper headline description.  &quot;Luchar junto a&quot; has the literal meaning of &quot;to fight alongside,&quot; and it expresses the concept &quot;show solidarity for.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unidos Podemos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understood Fedorqui's comment, this is the name of a coalition in Spanish politics.  The two primary members are the political parties &lt;em&gt;Izquierda Unida&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Podemos&lt;/em&gt;. The coalition's name shows its etymology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;junta militar [or &lt;em&gt;junta&lt;/em&gt; for short]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the name of a type of government: &lt;em&gt;military dictatorship&lt;/em&gt;.  As an example, think of three generals who get together to take over a government as a triumvirate.  The name comes from the idea that they came together -- from the verb &lt;em&gt;juntarse&lt;/em&gt; (join together).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-02-24T17:35:03.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28728" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-24T19:27:36.967" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico &lt;em&gt;baño&lt;/em&gt; is used at home, restaurants, hospitals, but in English the words are bathroom and restroom. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21243" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T01:04:12.767" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T11:07:24.823" Title="What is the difference between &quot;baño&quot; and &quot;tocador&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-25T00:14:16.567" Score="1" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we usually use these words when we want to put appart chicken, pork or any other type of meat. But I´m not sure if both can be used in the same way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T14:31:31.837" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T20:12:35.760" Title="What is the difference between &quot;desmenuzar&quot; y &quot;deshebrar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28732" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-25T01:05:57.597" Score="2" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;We tend to use the word &quot;nepotismo&quot; when someone who has a good position into the goverment gives some privileges to his / her family or relatives. I wonder, where does it come from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T06:36:40.507" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T06:36:40.507" Title="What is the origin of the word &quot;nepotismo&quot; in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-25T04:00:40.333" Score="4" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace un cuarto de siglo ya, más o menos, me explicaron en clase que en la Biblia hay algunos &quot;problemas de traducción&quot;. El ejemplo que me dieron fue que en Lucas 18:25 se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Porque es más fácil pasar un &lt;strong&gt;camello&lt;/strong&gt; por el ojo de una aguja, que entrar un rico en el reino de Dios&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y una de las interpretaciones que se hace sobre esta frase es que la palabra aramea &quot;gamla&quot; significaba tanto &quot;soga&quot; como &quot;camello&quot;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (y alguién se coló al hacer la traducción).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace poco me encontré con otra situación parecida en un video de Internet, en el que se explicaba que en las Bienaventuranzas se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Bienaventurados los &lt;strong&gt;mansos&lt;/strong&gt;, porque ellos poseerán en herencia la tierra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OG8VjE5%7COGC8HCQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Manso&lt;/a&gt; es, según el DRAE, una persona &quot;de condición benigna y &lt;em&gt;suave&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, pero la connotación de tal adjetivo es como de una persona con carácter &lt;strong&gt;débil&lt;/strong&gt;, que no tiene autoridad, que le falta liderazgo e inclusive poco capaz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto se interpreta como que esa &quot;mansedumbre&quot; es humildad, obediencia, rechazo a la violencia, etc. (y por eso los &lt;em&gt;mansos&lt;/em&gt; son bienaventurados).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tertuliano del video en cuestión (cierto profesor de psicología canadiense) decía que, al igual que pasa con el ejemplo del  camello y la aguja, la palabra &lt;code&gt;manso&lt;/code&gt; tenía otras connotaciones cuando el texto fue redactado, algo que vendría a significar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aquellos que tienen espadas y saben cómo utilizarlas, pero que prefieren dejarlas envainadas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, &quot;aquellos que tienen capacidad e incluso habilidad para ejercer la violencia, pero deciden no hacerlo porque tienen bajo control esa capacidad para hacer daño&quot;. Como un tipo que fuese cinturón negro de artes marciales pero que para resolver un conflicto intentase usar la violencia como último recurso, a pesar de ser más que competente en ella, en lugar de ir a lo &quot;fácil&quot; de imponerse a base de golpes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que le da un significado completamente distinto a esa Bienaventuranza, claro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El tema de conversación en el vídeo era que hay una diferencia entre no tener capacidad (posibilidad, fuerza, oportunidad) para hacer el mal y ser capaz pero &lt;em&gt;elegir&lt;/em&gt; no hacerlo (una persona buena es aquella que &lt;em&gt;puede&lt;/em&gt; resultar peligrosa, pero tiene ese aspecto de su personalidad bajo completo control).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he enrollado un poco, pero me apetecía contar y explicar la anécdota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay algún término en español que recoja mejor ese sentido de &quot;Aquellos que tienen espadas y saben utilizarlas pero deciden dejarlas envainadas&quot;? Es decir un término para &quot;aquellos que aún teniendo capacidad y competencia para ejercer la violencia deciden no hacerlo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; 1. Esta es una de las &quot;teorías&quot; que hay sobre la interpretación de esta frase, junto a la literal (lo absurdo de que este animal pudiese pasar por el ojo de una aguja) y que &quot;ojo de una aguja&quot; es una referencia a una puerta pequeña. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T06:21:20.830" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T21:40:00.890" Title="Término para &quot;Aquellos que tienen espadas y saben utilizarlas pero deciden dejarlas envainadas&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28732" CreationDate="2019-02-25T04:14:52.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It comes from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;nepos&lt;/em&gt; (pl. &lt;em&gt;nepōtes&lt;/em&gt;) which originally meant grandson and later evolved to mean descendent generally and nephew specifically.  That latter meaning is used in Italian which derived the word with the &lt;em&gt;-ismo&lt;/em&gt; ending to describe the practice of giving favor to one's nephews (and later extended in meaning more generally to all family members) as a result of 17th century popes giving cardinalships to their nephews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it entered into Spanish directly via the Italian &lt;em&gt;nepotismo&lt;/em&gt; or via the French &lt;em&gt;népotisme&lt;/em&gt;, though, although it could have been both simultaneously.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T04:14:52.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28739" CreationDate="2019-02-25T05:46:40.627" Score="1" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to explicate and explore the entire meaning of 'sobremesa' in relation to the Spanish culture. I've talked to some Spaniards and they told me that 'sobremesa' is often used with lunchtime and not with breakfast and dinner. Is there a particular reason people do not associate it with breakfast and dinner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21149" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T10:52:20.883" Title="Why is 'sobremesa' only used for lunch in general?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;comida&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28728" CreationDate="2019-02-25T08:26:56.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Baño&quot; refers to the place where we have the shower or the bath at home and it stands for &quot;toilet&quot; or &quot;restroom&quot; in English.&#xA;&quot;Tocador&quot; is a furniture with a mirror (which can be placed on a bedroom). Women use it to make up or retouching their make up, brushing their hair, etc.&#xA;There is a room called &quot;tocador&quot; just like the furniture and is function is exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &quot;tocador&quot; (furniture):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8IpS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8IpS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21057" LastEditorUserId="21057" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T11:07:24.823" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T11:07:24.823" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28731" CreationDate="2019-02-25T10:26:51.067" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The words mean slightly different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DBAN9nf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Desmenuzar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;to break something apart by dividing it into small parts.&quot; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=D39gqAU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Deshebrar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; means &quot;to break something into very thin parts, like fibers.&quot; (Both translated from the linked DLE entries.) &lt;em&gt;Desmenuzar&lt;/em&gt; refers to &lt;em&gt;menudo&lt;/em&gt; &quot;minute, very small&quot;, so you can use with a clump of dirt or a piece of stale bread, for example, that crumbles when you apply force to them between your fingers. &lt;em&gt;Deshebrar&lt;/em&gt; directly refers to &lt;em&gt;hebras&lt;/em&gt; &quot;fibers&quot;, so it specifically means &quot;to tear apart in thin strips&quot;, which you can only do with something that has fibers and that you can cut lengthwise (like meat).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never use &lt;em&gt;deshebrar&lt;/em&gt; (I'm from Argentina) but it seems to me that &lt;em&gt;desmenuzar&lt;/em&gt; is more general. This is the verb we sometimes use with chicken, in particular, though mostly we prefer &lt;em&gt;trozar&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T10:26:51.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28735" CreationDate="2019-02-25T10:52:20.883" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; is a well-known Spanish custom but it's not exclusive of Spain. It's practised in many countries and cultures. I'm speaking from my experience in Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.sonoragrillprime.com/2016/11/15/la-sobremesa-momento-ideal-la-comida-2/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;explanations&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; you'll find that it's often associated with leaving some time for digestion before one goes back to work (or to some other physical activity).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it's said that breakfast is the most important meal in the day, most people don't actually comply with the maxim &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2017/07/21/breakfast-like-king-lunch-like-prince-dine-like-pauper-lose/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dine like a pauper&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;desayuna como un rey, almuerza como un príncipe y cena como un mendigo&lt;/em&gt;). Breakfast remains small or nonexistent, and people often need to hurry up for work or school right after it, so there's no need and no time to engage in &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There can be &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; after dinner, especially if you don't have dinner too late and/or friends and family are in attendance, and if you have time to lose because the next day is not a work or school day. This is obviously not the case most days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the association of &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; with lunch (and not breakfast or dinner) stems from the above and from the idea that it's not just waiting for the food to be digested, but also a way to delay your obligations while spending quality time with family or friends. After lunch come work or home chores, so this pleasant delay is important enough to merit a name and a place in culture; after dinner you need only wash the dishes and go to sleep (with or without watching TV before that), so nighttime &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; is not considered such an event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T10:52:20.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28740" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28742" CreationDate="2019-02-25T13:47:40.147" Score="11" ViewCount="2999" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer, en un &lt;em&gt;spa&lt;/em&gt;, uno de mis vástagos dijo que el agua de la piscina fría estaba &quot;friísima&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Él quería decir que el agua estaba muy fría, y de manera natural cogió el sufijo &quot;-ísima&quot; del superlativo, se lo colocó a una supuesta raíz &quot;fri-&quot; de &quot;frío&quot;, y santas pascuas... pero eso no es correcto, claro. ¿O sí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Igual que tenemos &quot;calentísimo&quot; para &quot;caliente&quot;, o &quot;fresquísimo&quot; para &quot;fresco&quot;, ¿existe superlativo para &quot;frío&quot;? ¿Cuál? Y si no existe, ¿hay alguna razón etimológica para ello?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2020-04-21T17:42:38.627" Title="¿Superlativo de &quot;frío&quot;?" Tags="&lt;superlativos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2634" CreationDate="2019-02-25T13:52:31.913" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The accepted answer is dubious. There is no evidence that any Germanic influence is involved in the difference observed between these verbs given the fact that at the time English borrowed these words from French, they already had multiple meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In French, &lt;em&gt;assister&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to attend&lt;/em&gt; when transitive direct (&lt;em&gt;J'assisterai au concours de danse&lt;/em&gt; = I will attend the danse competition) and &lt;em&gt;to assist&lt;/em&gt; when transitive indirect (&lt;em&gt;Je les assisterai pour le concours&lt;/em&gt; = I will assist them for the competition). The single substantive &lt;em&gt;assistance&lt;/em&gt; means either &lt;em&gt;the audience&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;the help/aid&lt;/em&gt;. This duality can also be found in English, Spanish and Italian (&lt;em&gt;assistere&lt;/em&gt; means both to assist and to attend)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The modern French &lt;em&gt;attendre&lt;/em&gt; means &quot;to wait&quot; but also had, during the time French was spoken by English aristocracy, the different meaning of &quot;being attentive&quot;, &quot;pay attention to&quot; which was the one kept in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Attendre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;atender&lt;/em&gt; and &quot;to attend&quot; all eventually come from the Latin &lt;em&gt;adtendere&lt;/em&gt; (to extend&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; toward) while &lt;em&gt;assister&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;asistir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;to assist&lt;/em&gt; all come from the Latin &lt;em&gt;adsistere&lt;/em&gt; (to stay toward, close).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking back to the roots, it is clear there is a logical link between all of these forms. They are not opposite but happens to have their main meaning more or less specialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be noted that the current French &lt;em&gt;attendre&lt;/em&gt; currently mean &quot;to wait&quot; which commonly translates to &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish. In French, &lt;em&gt;espérer&lt;/em&gt; does exist but is now specialized to mean &quot;to hope&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is just a natural tendency for words to diverge over time, and meanings either to narrow or to widen when two branches of a common ancestor grow on their own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; To &quot;extend his mind toward&quot; in that case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2268" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T17:43:29.127" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T17:43:29.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28740" CreationDate="2019-02-25T14:02:14.640" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues es totalmente correcto. La verdad que no tenía muchas dudas pero por si acaso lo he buscado. Hay dos superlativos, uno es &lt;em&gt;friísimo&lt;/em&gt; como dice tu hijo y otro la forma culta &lt;em&gt;frigidísimo&lt;/em&gt; con escaso uso hoy día.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos una entrada en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=fr%EDo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;frío -a.&lt;/strong&gt; ‘Que tiene una temperatura inferior a la ordinaria del ambiente’. Tiene dos superlativos válidos: &lt;em&gt;frigidísimo&lt;/em&gt; (del lat.&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;frigidissimus&lt;/em&gt;) y &lt;em&gt;friísimo&lt;/em&gt;, formado sobre &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt; y más frecuente en el&#xA;  uso (→ -ísimo, 2f y 4): &lt;em&gt;«Estábamos sumergidos en un denso vapor de&#xA;  agua frigidísima»&lt;/em&gt; (LpzHaro &lt;em&gt;Yo&lt;/em&gt; [Esp. 1930]); &lt;em&gt;«Me dio un beso friísimo»&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  (Alatriste &lt;em&gt;Vivir&lt;/em&gt; [Méx. 1985]).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo el enlace de &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=UByFr5964D6oCGp9V4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ísimo&lt;/a&gt; que encontramos en la entrada anterior vuelve a aparecer &lt;em&gt;friísimo&lt;/em&gt; en el ejemplo de como se añade este superlativo a un adjetivo terminado en &lt;em&gt;-ío/-ía&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;f) Los adjetivos terminados en los hiatos &lt;em&gt;-ío/-ía&lt;/em&gt; pierden la última&#xA;  vocal: de &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;friísimo&lt;/em&gt;; de &lt;em&gt;impía&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;impiísima&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso está en la entrada del DLE de frío:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=IUteOxn&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;frío, a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Del lat. frigĭdus.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sup. irreg. frigidísimo, cult.; reg. friísimo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se ha preguntado por Twitter y esto es lo que respondío la &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/282068583721349121?lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@Scarlettpaola #RAEconsultas El superlativo de FRÍO es FRIÍSIMO o MUY&#xA;  FRÍO; la forma culta FRIGIDÍSIMO apenas se usa ya &lt;a href=&quot;http://ow.ly/ghtVP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ow.ly/ghtVP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastEditorDisplayName="user14069" LastEditDate="2019-02-25T14:42:46.180" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T14:42:46.180" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28740" CreationDate="2019-02-25T15:54:08.500" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ciertamente &quot;frigidísimo&quot; es un vocablo con poco uso actualmente y más aún por la semejanza polisémica con la referencia léxica &quot;frígido&quot;, el cual es un adjetivo que atribuye más hacia una actitud o incapacidad de experimentar placer sexual. Aunque la DRAE define formalmente &quot;frígido&quot; como el superlativo de frío. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18493" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T15:54:08.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28731" CreationDate="2019-02-25T20:12:35.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As, pablodf76 points out, &lt;strong&gt;yes, they have different meanings&lt;/strong&gt;. But I think that context can be important when comparing this words. Let's look at the definitions in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://dem.colmex.mx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario del Español de México&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;desmenuzar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;v tr&lt;/strong&gt; (Se conjuga como amar) Fragmentar o desintegrar en pedazos pequeños, generalmente con las manos y sin utilizar ningún instrumento cortante.  &lt;em&gt;“Desmenuce el bacalao”, “Después de desmenuzarlo, eche el pollo al caldo”, “El arado iba desmenuzando los terrones”&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;deshebrar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;v tr&lt;/strong&gt; (Se conjuga como amar) Sacar las hebras de una tela o hacer hebras de un tejido denso, como la carne.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you can say &lt;code&gt;Desmenucé el pan&lt;/code&gt;, but it doesn't make sense saying &lt;code&gt;Deshebré el pan&lt;/code&gt;. However, &lt;strong&gt;in our context (Mexico), both words can be perfectly interchangeable when talking about shredding meat&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Desmenucé el pollo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Deshebré el pollo&lt;/code&gt; (in México) mean the same thing: people will understand that you shredded/pulled apart the meat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T20:12:35.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-25T21:27:50.960" Score="3" ViewCount="1157" Body="&lt;p&gt;A classmate I'm studying Spanish with said to me after I gave him my Spanish notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas gracias, guapa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He has a girlfriend living in Spain and he lived there for a while, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if this is subtle flirting or is this just what Spanish people do and he's picked up on that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21269" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T06:17:31.237" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T06:17:31.237" Title="The use of &quot;guapa&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;comparación-de-idiomas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2019-02-26T16:24:50.513" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28745" CreationDate="2019-02-25T21:49:22.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't have to worry, it is not necessarily flirting at all. Actually, it all depends on the intonation. You must pay more attention to the attitude, rather than the words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is usual in Spanish to answer with a compliment at the end, when you say thank you. You can hear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias, guapa. (Beautiful)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias, maja (friendly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias cariño (my dear. This is usual in shops, when salespeople thank you for your purchase)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can also hear just a description, like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias, chica (girl)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gracias, muchacha (same)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not necessarily frequent, but you can hear it sometimes. It happens when the person wants to thank you and be friendly. Some foreigners use to find it too strong for the first time, but it's not weird here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, basically, it is just a compliment that reinforces the &quot;thank you&quot; part, with the expectation that you get happier to hear it too, so that we're two people happy now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course, intonation matters. As I said at the beginning, the attitude can change the meaning of the whole sentence. However, I think it was probably &quot;cute&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T06:16:30.270" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T06:16:30.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28733" CreationDate="2019-02-25T22:00:15.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente, &lt;code&gt;indulgente&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;clemente&lt;/code&gt; podrían ser palabras que describen, de mejor manera, a alguien que —teniendo la capacidad de actuar— moderan su respuesta o, incluso, perdonan y deciden no actuar (no he podido pensar en una que, en su definición, se tome en cuenta el aspecto violento o dañino). Aquí te dejo las definiciones del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indulgente&lt;/strong&gt;: 1. adj. Inclinado a perdonar y disimular los yerros o a conceder gracias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clemente&lt;/strong&gt;: 1. adj. Que tiene clemencia (Compasión, moderación al aplicar justicia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También pensé en &lt;code&gt;misericordioso&lt;/code&gt;, pero creo que la definición del DLE dista bastante de lo que preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Misericordioso:&lt;/strong&gt; 1. adj. Que se conduele de los trabajos y miserias ajenos. U. t. c. s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosamente, su equivalente en inglés (&lt;em&gt;merciful&lt;/em&gt;), definido por el Cambridge English Dictionarry, se acerca bastante a la palabra que buscas (y, desafortunadamente, no he podido encontrar una con una definición similar en DLE):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;merciful:&lt;/strong&gt; someone who [...] is willing to be kind to and forgive people who are in their power:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese cómo, en esa definición, es explícito que aquel que perdona está en una posición de poder sobre el perdonado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T22:00:15.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28748" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28765" CreationDate="2019-02-25T22:19:57.527" Score="6" ViewCount="941" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Mexico we use any of this verbs with clothes vocabulary, but what is the difference between these verbs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vestir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ponerse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21270" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T08:29:00.750" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T08:48:07.903" Title="What is the difference between &quot;usar&quot;, &quot;ponerse&quot; and &quot;vestir&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;ropa&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28748" CreationDate="2019-02-25T22:47:01.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Roughly, &quot;usar&quot; means &quot;to use&quot;. &quot;Vestir&quot; means &quot;to wear&quot;, and &quot;ponerse&quot; means to &quot;put on&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Usar&quot; is not very used in Spain, at least not in infinitve. However, you can use it as an adejctive. &quot;Ropa usada&quot;, the one that you have already worn, either by you or another person. In any case, you might want to give it a wash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;vestir&quot; means &quot;to wear&quot;, and it is linked to the present. If you wear something, you're taking it with you. [IT can also be a custom, you wear a certain kind of clothers, frequently, but that's a present tense anyways.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, &quot;ponerse&quot; doesn't carry that &quot;present tense&quot; meaning. It is a punctual action, not continuous, in the sense that you put on clothes, and that's all. You have already put them on, and they stay there, for you to wear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, when you finish &quot;putting it on&quot;, you start wearing it. Wearing it is something continuous, while putting on is just at the beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T22:47:01.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28753" CreationDate="2019-02-25T23:37:46.927" Score="5" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me han mandado una pregunta con respecto al siguiente artículo en inglés: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170822092209.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stretchable biofuel cells extract energy from sweat to power wearable devices&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La pregunta consta de la palabra &quot;wearable&quot;, además de que en ese texto tanto su título como el cuerpo ya aparece varias veces el término &quot;wearable&quot;. La pregunta que está en español ha traducido &quot;wearable&quot; como &lt;strong&gt;&quot;usable&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, &lt;strong&gt;¿es correcto utilizar la traducción &quot;es usable&quot; en vez de que &quot;wearable&quot; signifique &quot;portátil&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; ¿O ambas formas son correctas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21271" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T19:19:08.477" Title="¿Cuál es la mejor traducción para &quot;wearable&quot; en este texto?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28752" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-26T00:15:04.217" Score="5" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the English sentence &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I asked him &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I is the subject, asked is the verb, and him is the direct object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the Spanish translation of the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le pregunté &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le, an indirect object pronoun, is used. Why is &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; used, and not lo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21272" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T00:59:02.290" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T17:57:23.393" Title="Why is an indirect object used and not a direct object?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28751" CreationDate="2019-02-26T00:28:43.413" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Usable&lt;/em&gt; no me parece correcto en absoluto porque simplemente significa &lt;em&gt;capaz de ser usado&lt;/em&gt;, pero ojo: &lt;em&gt;wearable&lt;/em&gt; no significa &lt;em&gt;portátil&lt;/em&gt;, aunque es algo que se suele sobreentender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las opciones más adecuadas son tanto tecnología &lt;strong&gt;vestible&lt;/strong&gt;, tecnología &lt;strong&gt;ponible&lt;/strong&gt; o tecnología &lt;strong&gt;llevable&lt;/strong&gt;, con las primeras dos gozando de más uso y siendo más exacta en su traducción.  Cada una de las tres opciones tienen el &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/438658019355009024&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sí de la RAE&lt;/a&gt;, y las primeras &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/fundeu/status/420848095572684801&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lo tienen de Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una hila en Google+, Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/108243596952318544013/posts/8uAnZ2kG83i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;argumenta por &lt;em&gt;ponible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; como más genérico, diciendo que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pensamos en vestible, pero ¿las gafas, por ejemplo, se visten? Por otro lado, llevable no tiene el matiz de 'llevar puesto', solo indica que se puede llevar. Saludos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final de cuentas, creo que tenemos una situación en la que por un solo término génerico inglés, es necesario emplear una abanica de palabras, según cada contexto.  Por ejemplo, la tecnología del enlace me parece incluso más adecuada la palabra «aplicable», porque es como una película que —esperen señoras y señores— se aplica a la piel.  Para un término sumamente génerico, creo que se podría optar por «accesorios inteligentes» aunque tal vez englobe un pelín más de lo que engloba el correspondiente término inglés.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T16:54:05.137" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T16:54:05.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-26T00:57:20.603" Score="8" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am far enough into learning Spanish that I know &lt;strong&gt;gustar&lt;/strong&gt; does not literally mean 'to like' but means 'to be pleasing to.' My supposition would be that 'gustar' and similar verbs would function like other Spanish verbs with indirect objects; for example, &lt;strong&gt;'Sonia likes apples'&lt;/strong&gt;, or in literal translation, 'Apples are pleasing to Sonia,' with &lt;strong&gt;Apples&lt;/strong&gt; as a subject and &lt;strong&gt;to Sonia&lt;/strong&gt; as the indirect object would be &lt;strong&gt;Las manzanas no le gusta a Sonia.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, typically one would say &lt;strong&gt;A Sonia no le gustan las manzanas.&lt;/strong&gt; Why is that? Doesn't that flip the subject and indirect object, or are they both the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21272" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T06:30:37.370" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T17:56:34.257" Title="How do verbs like 'gustar' actually function?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28754" CreationDate="2019-02-26T01:15:19.420" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your supposition that the translation would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las manzanas no le gusta a Sonia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is almost correct.  With the apples being the subject, the verb simply needs to agree to be perfectly cromulent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las manzanas no le gustan a Sonia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Word order in Spanish is more flexible than in English and importantly, word order does not define the roles that words have in the sentence.  The sentence &quot;Sonia likes apples&quot; can be translated six different ways in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SVO: Las manzanas no le gustan a Sonia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  SOV: Las manzanas a Sonia no le gustan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VOS: No le gustan a Sonia las manzanas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  VSO: No le gustan las manzanas a Sonia.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  OSV: A Sonia las manzanas no le gustan.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  OVS: A Sonia no le gustan las manzanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All mean the exact same thing, but there can be difference in emphasis.  To respond to a question about if Sonia likes/dislikes something, and you want to clarify it's actually apples that she doesn't like, you'd probably go with a SVO/SOV option.  If someone suggests having apples, you'll probably go with a VOS/VSO option.  If someone wonders who doesn't like apples, you'll go with a OSV/OVS.  The OVS is the most common, and most neutral in interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English you can kind of mimic this type of emphasis by actually pronouncing a word longer/louder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T13:10:53.120" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T13:10:53.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28752" CreationDate="2019-02-26T07:38:23.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I'm not sure about the analysis that you made about the English structure of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/ask&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ask&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to put a question to someone, or to request an answer from someone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[ + two objects ]&lt;/strong&gt; She asked me a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the highlighted text mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[+ two objects]    A verb that has a direct and indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.englishpractice.com/words/using-ask/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This English Practice site&lt;/a&gt; marks &lt;strong&gt;the person being asked as the indirect object&lt;/strong&gt; of the sentence and the question asked as the direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ask is one of the commonest verbs in English. It is sometimes used&#xA;  incorrectly. The verb ask cannot be followed by the preposition to. It&#xA;  can be followed by either a direct or an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ask John. (Here ask is followed by &lt;strong&gt;the indirect object John&lt;/strong&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to ask a question. (Here ask is followed by the direct object&#xA;  ‘a question’.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note that the indirect object usually refers to a person and the&#xA;  direct object usually refers to a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish the same occurs: &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; (a él = him) is the &lt;strong&gt;indirect object&lt;/strong&gt;. Whatever he was asked is the direct object. In your case that element is not explicitly mentioned in the phrase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading the answer provided by David Illescas (+1), I have come with a sort of rule of thumb. In Spanish, as well as in English, we have got a group of verbs to express that a person transmits a piece of information to another person: decir [say], contar [tell], informar [communicate], preguntar [ask], ... etc. In Spanish in all these cases, &lt;strong&gt;the piece of information transmitted&lt;/strong&gt; - the message, the question, the notification, ... - &lt;strong&gt;is always the direct object&lt;/strong&gt;. It may or may not be explicitly present in the sentence. &lt;strong&gt;The person that receives the information is always the indirect object.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as pointed by David, you may found that the indirect object is represented by the word &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; when the receiver is a female. This phenomenon is known as &quot;laismo&quot; and its use is extended inside (I'm thinking in Madrid) and outside Spain. You can't parse the sentence just by the way the words &quot;look&quot;, you have to know also what they represent, what they mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;message = direct object&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;receiver = indirect object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T07:33:55.837" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T07:33:55.837" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28751" CreationDate="2019-02-26T12:13:23.270" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La Fundéu &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/tecnologia-ponible-mejor-que-wearable-technology/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sugiere &lt;em&gt;ponible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que me parece un término muy exacto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para referirse a la tecnología que incorporan estos dispositivos, prendas y complementos lo más adecuado es recurrir al adjetivo &lt;strong&gt;ponible&lt;/strong&gt;, formación regular a partir del verbo poner, que alude al hecho de que estos objetos tecnológicos se pueden llevar puestos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T19:19:08.477" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T19:19:08.477" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28752" CreationDate="2019-02-26T19:02:15.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le&lt;/strong&gt; is a 3rd person atonic personal pronoun &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.livingspanish.com/Pronombres-tonicos-atonos-B.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(&lt;em&gt;easy ref&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there are some rules if you want to use them (it will be easier to understand if you study DC and IC). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I will explain it in detail:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Full sentence: Él lleva { &lt;em&gt;un regalo&lt;/em&gt; } { &lt;em&gt;a Pedro&lt;/em&gt; }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The direct complement &lt;strong&gt;(DC)&lt;/strong&gt; is the person, animal or thing on which the action of the verb falls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DC = &lt;em&gt;un regalo&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The indirect complement is the person, animal or thing that indirectly receives the benefit or damage of the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IC = a pedro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, answering your question&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/uso-de-los-pronombres-los-las-les-leismo-laismo-loismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to the RAE&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When the pronoun plays the role of the direct complement, &lt;strong&gt;'lo - los'&lt;/strong&gt; the&#xA;masculine (singular and plural, respectively) and &lt;strong&gt;'la - las'&lt;/strong&gt; the feminine forms&#xA;(singular and plural, respectively) should be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Él llevó un regalo a la abuela? Sí, &lt;strong&gt;lo llevó&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Él ayudó a las niñas? Sí, &lt;strong&gt;las ayudó&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When the pronoun performs the function of the indirect complement, the &lt;strong&gt;'le - les'&lt;/strong&gt; forms (singular and plural, respectively) should be used, regardless of the gender of the word to which the pronoun refers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le llevé&lt;/strong&gt; un regalo a la abuela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le pregunté&lt;/strong&gt; porqué hizo algo tan malvado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have more doubts, you can read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=DRC2Ny6YAD6yEoSWaX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leísmo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=3RIMcqYTTD65i0QBLE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;laísmo&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=brlwWceSGD6zzJ7sJ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;loísmo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(difficult refs)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21278" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T19:02:15.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28752" CreationDate="2019-02-26T23:01:50.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question: I asked him&#xA;I is the subject, asked is the verb, and him is the direct object.&#xA;But in the Spanish translation of the same&#xA;Le pregunté&#xA;Le, an indirect object pronoun, is used. Why is le used, and not lo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer: because lo is a direct object pronoun in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say in Spanish: preguntar algo &lt;strong&gt;a alguien&lt;/strong&gt;, the a alguien signals an indirect object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the indirect object pronouns in Spanish are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me [me]&#xA;Te [you]&#xA;Le [her, him, it and you (polite with usted)]&#xA;Nos [us]&#xA;Os [plural you in Spanish, in Spain, regular, not polite specifically, just plural: Os pregunté, I asked you [a group of people].]&#xA;Les [them or you plural, specifically polite when used with Ustedes in Spain. Les pregunté [a ustedes, polite] or Les pregunté [a ellos or a ellas], I asked them.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, beyond the sentence given by the OP, this can become complicated as the usages are not the same in the two languages. It so happens that in the example provided, they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.drlemon.com/Grammar/indirectobjects.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;indirect objects in Spanish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T23:01:50.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28754" CreationDate="2019-02-26T23:04:39.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two domains of language at play here: &lt;strong&gt;syntax&lt;/strong&gt; on one hand (how subject and objects are ordered in the sentence), &lt;strong&gt;semantics and pragmatics&lt;/strong&gt; on the other (what each part of the sentence means and where your focus is on).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many &quot;normal&quot; Spanish sentences these two run nicely parallel: the order is subject, verb, object(s); the subject is normally the main topic of the sentence and therefore starts it; everything after the verb tends to be a commentary on the subject-topic. So the syntax (subject followed by verb and objects) aligns well with the pragmatics (topic followed by comment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also something called the animacy hierarchy, that orders things according to their animate character (people come first, then animals, then plants and inert objects) and the like. This also tends to align with syntax, since it's often the case that subjects are &lt;strong&gt;people doing things&lt;/strong&gt; while grammatical objects are &lt;strong&gt;nonhuman entities being done things&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These combined are probably the reason why the vast majority of the world's languages place the subject somewhere before the object(s) (in normal sentences).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this have to do with &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and verbs like that? The thing with &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and others like &lt;em&gt;agradar, repugnar, apetecer, aburrir, hacer falta&lt;/em&gt;, etc. is that the standard syntactic order SVO goes against the animacy hierarchy and also inverts the topic-comment structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take this &quot;normalized&quot; sentence (with the &quot;proper&quot; Spanish order SVO):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las manzanas le gustan a Sonia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a semantically neutral sentence. If you wanted to say &quot;Sonia likes apples&quot; you wouldn't do it this way. The idea of &quot;Sonia likes apples&quot; is that you want to say something about Sonia, but the Spanish sentence, as it is, is a comment about apples! Spanish &quot;wants&quot; you to establish the topic first, and then commenting on it; and it &quot;wants&quot;, if possible, the first argument of the verb to be more animate than the second. The latter is impossible using &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;; it would be possible if you used a different verb, like &lt;em&gt;adorar&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sonia adora las manzanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to comply with the topic/animate - comment/inanimate structure, while keeping the sentence &quot;neutral&quot;, is to move things around:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Sonia le gustan las manzanas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By placing Sonia first and then the apples, you have managed to produce a natural sentence that is equivalent to English &quot;Sonia likes apples&quot;. You have also confused a lot of students of Spanish, native ones included, who expected the subject to come first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, &lt;em&gt;Las manzanas le gustan a Sonia&lt;/em&gt; is also a correct sentence. But in this case you're changing the usual order for &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and making the apples the topic, or starting theme, of your sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot has been written about verbs like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;, which feature &quot;dative subjects&quot; (things marked like indirect objects taking the place usually reserved for subjects). They're not exclusive of Spanish. They're basically nonexistent in English, but other related languages, like Icelandic and German, have them, as well as Russian, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Some other verbs of this kind, called by Melis et al. &quot;emotional causatives&quot;, are: &lt;em&gt;alegrar, atormentar, avergonzar, confortar, enamorar, enojar, escandalizar, espantar, maravillar, turbar, animar, asombrar, complacer, contentar, indignar, inquietar, molestar, ofender, satisfacer, admirar, regocijar, aburrir, asustar, fascinar, impresionar, interesar, irritar, preocupar, sorprender, aterrorizar, entusiasmar&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference: Chantal Melis, Marcela Flores, Sergio Bogard. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.academia.edu/450669/La_historia_del_espa%C3%B1ol_propuesta_de_un_tercer_per%C3%ADodo_evolutivo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;La historia del español. Propuesta de un tercer período evolutivo.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (2003)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T01:26:06.417" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T01:26:06.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28754" CreationDate="2019-02-27T00:54:25.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You explained it great -- you only forgot to conjugate the verb for the third person plural.  This is necessary because &lt;strong&gt;las manzanas&lt;/strong&gt; is a &lt;em&gt;plural&lt;/em&gt; subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For completeness I'll list the various combinations of singular and plural subjects and objects.  I'll use several verbs of this type in the examples since, as you noted, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; isn't the only verb that flips the subject-object point of view in comparison with English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Plural subject, plural object: &lt;em&gt;Los libros de García Márquez les gustan a mis alumnos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Plural subject, singular object: &lt;em&gt;Los libros de García Márquez le interesan a Alberto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Singular subject, plural object: &lt;em&gt;La obra de García Márquez les fascina a mis alumnos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Singular subject, singular object: &lt;em&gt;Este libro de García Márquez le confunde a Alberto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word order doesn't matter.  We can put put the subject before the object or the object before the subject, either way works.  Why?  Three reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Noticing whether the verb is conjugated in the singular or the plural will give us a hint.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If one of the nouns is an inanimate thing, as in the examples above, the thing has to be the subject and the person has to be the object.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If both the subject and the object are people, there will be a special preposition, &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;, in front of the object.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Creo que Isabela le gusta a Juan.  &lt;em&gt;(I think Juan likes [has a crush on] Isabela.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Creo que a Isabela le gusta Juan. &lt;em&gt;(I think Isabela likes [has a crush on] Juan.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T17:56:34.257" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T17:56:34.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28752" CreationDate="2019-02-27T01:46:01.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, &amp;quot;him&amp;quot; is an indirect object also in the English sentence.  To clarify this, let's look at a sentence with two objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asked him a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Question&amp;quot; is the direct object an &amp;quot;him&amp;quot; is the indirect object.  Now, consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Sorry, who were you asking -- him or me?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;I asked him.  I know you know the answer.  Thanks for checking.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Him&amp;quot; is still an indirect object, and the direct object doesn't appear -- it's implied, but not explicitly stated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorting out which objects in English are direct or indirect sometimes takes a bit of thought, because they look the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T17:57:23.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28748" CreationDate="2019-02-27T02:32:50.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is some dialogue that can help show how they're often used.  Here we have a parent guiding a child in getting ready to go to school.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Levántate, Juanito. Ya mero viene el autobús. ¡&lt;strong&gt;Vístete&lt;/strong&gt; ya! ... Ay, ¿llevas [&lt;strong&gt;puestos&lt;/strong&gt;] los calcetines de ayer?  Te los quitas, por favor.  Hay calcetines limpios en la cómoda, agarra, te los &lt;strong&gt;pones&lt;/strong&gt;, muchas gracias. ... Hay que &lt;strong&gt;usar&lt;/strong&gt; el abrigo, hace mucho frío hoy. ... ¡&lt;strong&gt;Ponte&lt;/strong&gt; los guantes, hombre, mira, hay nieve!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T08:48:07.903" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T08:48:07.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1280" CreationDate="2019-02-27T02:58:05.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ni modo&lt;/strong&gt; se usa cuando no puedes hacer nada al respecto pero en el fondo tampoco quieres intentar un mejor esfuerzo en lograrlo, solo quieres dejarlo ahí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quería salir esta noche pero mis padres me castigaron. &lt;strong&gt;Ni modo&lt;/strong&gt;, mejor jugaré video juegos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21280" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T07:37:15.510" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T07:37:15.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-02-27T16:23:50.273" Score="1" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are sentences I made up with their translations I got from google translate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The person &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; goes here. - &lt;em&gt;La persona &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; va aquí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sign &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; she is gone. - &lt;em&gt;La señal &lt;strong&gt;de que&lt;/strong&gt; ella se ha ido.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; got away. - &lt;em&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; se escapó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; she comes back. - &lt;em&gt;El momento &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; vuelve.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; we met. - &lt;em&gt;El momento &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; nos conocimos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; you come back. - &lt;em&gt;El momento &lt;strong&gt;en que&lt;/strong&gt; vuelvas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; she went away. - &lt;em&gt;La razón &lt;strong&gt;por la que&lt;/strong&gt; se fue.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; got complicated. - &lt;em&gt;El momento &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; se complicó.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The moment &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; became important. - *El momento &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; se hizo importante.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could explain more on the difference between &quot;que&quot; and &quot;de que&quot;, that'd be great. I just couldn't find more examples for &quot;de que&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21282" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T16:23:50.273" Title="When should I use the spanish words &quot;que&quot;, &quot;de que&quot;, &quot;en que&quot;, &quot;por la que&quot; as a translate for the english word &quot;that&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2019-03-05T16:32:12.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28768" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28771" CreationDate="2019-02-27T20:14:34.647" Score="5" ViewCount="1490" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone please explain the grammar use of 'de' in the sentence below? I understood 'de' to mean  'of the'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo voy &lt;strong&gt;de&lt;/strong&gt; compras todos los sábados. &lt;sub&gt;I go shopping every Saturday&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it not also be correct to say &quot;Yo voy comprar todos los sábados&quot;? I thought the 2nd verb had to be in the infinitive. Am I missing a gerund, perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17713" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-02-27T20:53:47.250" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T00:44:22.373" Title="What is the use of 'de' preposition in 'Yo voy *de* compras todos los sábados'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28768" CreationDate="2019-02-27T20:44:51.023" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;compras&quot; is a noun there (the plural form of the noun &quot;compra&quot;), and &quot;de compras&quot; is a prepositional phrase more or less equivalent to &quot;on a buying tour&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Yo) Voy a hacer compras todos los sábados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Yo) Hago compras todos los sábados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, as you said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Yo) Voy a comprar todos los sábados. (Notice you need &quot;a&quot; between the verb &quot;ir&quot; and the infinitive that follows.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first two examples above, &quot;compras&quot; is also a plural noun, meaning &quot;purchases&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other similar phrases are &quot;de paseo&quot; (for a walk) and &quot;de excursión/viaje&quot; (on a trip).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T20:44:51.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28733" CreationDate="2019-02-27T21:40:00.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otra opción puede ser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=templanza&amp;amp;oq=templanza&amp;amp;aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.1871j0j7&amp;amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Templanza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Cualidad humana que induce a usar o hacer las cosas con&#xA;  moderación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una definición que me parece adecuada de compartir proviene de esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://definicion.de/templanza/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La templanza permite que la persona sea equilibrada y &lt;strong&gt;sopese su&#xA;  tendencia natural&lt;/strong&gt; hacia los placeres de los sentidos y el recogimiento&#xA;  espiritual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5764" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T21:40:00.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28768" CreationDate="2019-02-27T23:18:20.743" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ir de...&lt;/em&gt; + noun is a pattern that you can use with a number of nouns. The meaning is about the same as the English &amp;quot;to go &lt;em&gt;...-ing&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;. It has a connotation of planning or intent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;compra&lt;/em&gt; is a noun that means &amp;quot;purchase&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;an act of buying&amp;quot;. &lt;em&gt;Ir de compras&lt;/em&gt; means &amp;quot;to go shopping&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to go on a shopping tour&amp;quot;. It's in the plural because you'll probably shop for several items, and also because that's just how the phrase is used (it's a fixed idiom).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other examples of this pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir de paseo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go for a walk&amp;quot; (or &amp;quot;to go for a ride&amp;quot;, if in a vehicle)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir de visita&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go visiting&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;to go on a visit&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;ir de visita a lo de alguien&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go on a visit to someone's house&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir de viaje&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go on a trip&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;ir de copas&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go out for drinks&amp;quot; (&lt;em&gt;copas&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;cups&amp;quot;, figurative for &amp;quot;drinks&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For most of these you can use the verb in its pronominal form, with the &amp;quot;reflexive&amp;quot; pronoun: &lt;em&gt;irse de compras&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;irse de viaje&lt;/em&gt;, etc., but not when speaking of habitual actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt; voy de compras. ¿Necesitas algo?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I'm going shopping. Do you need anything?&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Generalmente voy de compras los sábados.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&amp;quot;I normally go shopping on Saturday.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a comprar todos los sábados&lt;/em&gt; sounds wrong, mostly because &lt;em&gt;comprar&lt;/em&gt; likes to have a direct object (the things that you're buying). &lt;em&gt;Voy de compras&lt;/em&gt; solves this and allows you to be more general: you don't need to specify what you're buying, just that you're out shopping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, for many of these verbs you can replace &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt;, with an almost identical meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de paseo&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go out for a walk&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;salir de viaje&lt;/em&gt; = &amp;quot;to go on a trip&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is the same, with the added connotation of &amp;quot;going &lt;strong&gt;out&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (implying absence and distance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-27T23:18:20.743" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28779" CreationDate="2019-02-28T14:39:07.447" Score="1" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was told in another post that the origin of 'sobremesa' may have originated from table-cloth as 'sobremesa' can be directly translated to as over-table. I would like to learn more about the origin or development of 'sobremesa. If someone could share it history or even any corpus/famous song about 'sobremesa' it would be great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21149" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T21:13:23.353" Title="Etymology of 'Sobremesa'" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28776" CreationDate="2019-02-28T15:30:03.713" Score="2" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tertulia has been defined by many to be a gathering to have conversation over coffee.&#xA;Sobremesa is the time spent after meals to enjoy conversation with friends and family. Sobremesa has also been used rarely as table-cloth.&#xA;Both Spanish words seem to be synonymous with subtle differences.&#xA;But what exactly is tertulias de sobremesa? &#xA;Is there some major difference between sobremesa and tertulia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21149" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T19:36:49.777" Title="what is 'tertulias de sobremesa'?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28777" CreationDate="2019-02-28T15:46:53.983" Score="7" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mis mayores han utilizado por años la expresión &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Pagar el pato&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que se aplica a cuando alguien paga las consecuencias de un acto que no cometió.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vi alguna teoría de origen religioso donde se decía que en España se burlaban de los judíos diciéndoles que iban a &quot;pagar el pacto&quot; que tenían con Dios y que &quot;pacto&quot; derivó en &quot;pato&quot;, pero esa teoría poco me convence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe alguna teoría más consistente sobre el origen de &quot;Pagar el pato&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-02-28T20:00:36.177" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T20:00:36.177" Title="Pagar el pato. ¿De dónde salió esta expresión?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28774" CreationDate="2019-02-28T15:55:41.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is really quite simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you said &quot;Tertulia has been defined by many to be a gathering to have conversation over coffee.&quot; and also &quot;&lt;em&gt;Sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; is the time spent after meals to enjoy conversation with friends and family&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if after meals you gather with friends and family to have a conversation, then you are having a &lt;em&gt;tertulia de sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only to be precise &lt;em&gt;Tertulia&lt;/em&gt; in general is a conversation so it really does not have to be over coffee but it would be a lot better if it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; is also what you do or have after a meal. We in Colombia call the dessert &quot;la sobremesa&quot; because you have your dessert usually &quot;after&quot; your meal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is usual also in many countries that after the dessert you have coffee which creates a good environment for a conversation that can be called &lt;em&gt;tertulia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-02-28T16:51:37.170" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T16:51:37.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28775" CreationDate="2019-02-28T19:19:53.513" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundacionlengua.com/es/pagar-pato/art/151/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fundación Lengua Española&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; señalan:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Según el Diccionario significa &quot;padecer o llevar un castigo no merecido o que ha merecido otro&quot;. Seijas Patiño, en su Comentario al ‘Cuento de cuentos· de Quevedo, lo define como &quot;llevar alguno el castigo que merece otro; de origen vulgar y tomado acaso de algún juego o diversión&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Este modismo fue utilizado contra los judíos. En la Biblia Castellana de Casiodoro Reina, se explica así su origen: &quot;Como los vocablos Tora y Pacto, usados por los judíos españoles, el primero por la Ley y el segundo por el concierto de Dios, por los cuales los españoles les acusaban de que tenían una Tora o becerra pintada en su sinagoga, que adoraban; y del Pacto sacaron por refrán: Aquí pagaréis el pato&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt; &#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Iribarren, José Mª&lt;/strong&gt;; El porqué de los dichos. Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Educación, Cultura, Deporte y Juventud. Novena edición. Octubre 1996, pág. 25.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/de-donde-surge-la-expresion-pagar-el-pato/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alfred López&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; da una interpretación ligeramente distinta al mismo origen:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En la Biblia Castellana de Casiodoro Reina aparece recogida dicha cita: «Como los vocablos Torá y Pacto, usados por los judíos españoles, el primero por la Ley y el segundo por el concierto de Dios, por los cuales los españoles les levantaban (les acusaban a los judíos) que tenían una Tora o becerra pintada en su sinagoga, que adoraban; y del Pacto, sacaron por refrán “aquí pagaréis el pato”».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Generalizando podríamos decir que cualquier pacto entro dos partes acaba implicando que una tercera sufra las consecuencias negativas y pague el pacto. La palabra pacto acabó derivando en pato y eliminando toda connotación religiosa a la expresión hoy en día.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-02-28T19:45:31.833" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T19:45:31.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28774" CreationDate="2019-02-28T19:36:49.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to DGaleano's excellent answer, in Spain there used to be many famous &lt;em&gt;Tertulias&lt;/em&gt; that were held regularly at a café.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertulia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España, tanto en el ámbito tanto cultural como en las tertulias populares, pueden enumerarse diversos tipos temáticos: políticas, taurinas, literarias, teatrales o de carácter general. Suelen estar coordinadas por un fundador o alrededor de un personaje famoso que asiste con regularidad y a veces llega a darles nombre (como les ocurriera a Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Cansinos Assens o Valle-Inclán). &lt;strong&gt;Aunque lo habitual es que se conozcan por el nombre del local que la aloja, por lo general un café&lt;/strong&gt;, y aunque se de la circunstancia de que son varias tertulias las reunidas en ese local a horas distintas o en épocas diferentes.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same article names a few cafés where famous &lt;em&gt;tertulias&lt;/em&gt; were held: Café Novelty (Salamanca), café Alameda (Granada), café Suizo,  Nuevo Café de Levante, café de Fornos, café del Gato Negro, Café del Prado, café Colonial, café y botillería de Pombo, café Granja El Henar, café Regina (Madrid), etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T19:36:49.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28773" CreationDate="2019-02-28T21:13:23.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; has meant several things. The primitive meaning is the least figurative: it means a cover that is put over a table; later it evolved to include ornaments that were placed on the table while not in use (e.g. &lt;em&gt;reloj de sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;quot;tabletop clock&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another meaning was &amp;quot;dessert&amp;quot;. The current Spanish word for &amp;quot;dessert&amp;quot;, and for the time after the main meal where one eats dessert, is &lt;em&gt;postre&lt;/em&gt;, cognate with Latin &lt;em&gt;posterus&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;following&amp;quot; and with Spanish &lt;em&gt;postrero&lt;/em&gt; &amp;quot;last&amp;quot;. This meaning of &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; has disappeared (though it persists in modern Portuguese, which is closely related to Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The prefix &lt;em&gt;sobre-&lt;/em&gt; primarily means &amp;quot;over, above&amp;quot; (Latin &lt;em&gt;super&lt;/em&gt;), but it also means &amp;quot;after&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;additionally&amp;quot; by extension; &lt;em&gt;mesa&lt;/em&gt;, besides &amp;quot;table&amp;quot;, refers figuratively to the food that is served on the table, and to the occasion of eating a meal. So &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;, by associating these two figurative meanings, came to mean &amp;quot;the time after a meal&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;the extra time spent at the table after a meal&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;the extra food consumed after the main meal&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These meanings seem to exist already in early modern Spanish. In &lt;em&gt;Reloj de príncipes&lt;/em&gt; by Fray Antonio de Guevara (1529-1531) we have &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; as &amp;quot;time after the main meal&amp;quot; presented as a time where people joke around and speak without seriousness:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Presupuesto que son tales los que lo dizen y adonde lo dizen, que es sobremesa, dignos son de perdonar, pues hablan no según los libros que avían leýdo, sino según los manjares que avían comido; porque muy poco sabe de burla el que no toma lo que se dize sobremesa de burla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This means, in case you find it difficult, that you must forgive and forget mockery after a meal, i.e. during &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;, because people don't talk then &amp;quot;by the books they've read, but by the victuals they've eaten&amp;quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other texts &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; is used as adverb, meaning &amp;quot;after a meal&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E aquellos caualleros que allí çenauan, algunos se fueron luego, e otros quedaron hablando sobremesa...&lt;/em&gt; (Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, &lt;em&gt;Batallas y quinquagenas&lt;/em&gt;, 1535-c.1552)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y, madre, por tu vida, que sobremesa, ya que hemos comido, cuentes al señor Grajales y a mi prima el cuento de lo que te acaeció...&lt;/em&gt; (Feliciano de Silva, &lt;em&gt;Segunda Celestina&lt;/em&gt;, 1534)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In these last two texts the implication is that people stay and talk &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. after eating their meal.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a few texts it's possible to guess that &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; implies extra food, but the meaning of &amp;quot;dessert&amp;quot; seems to have died out soon, leaving us only with the meaning of &amp;quot;easy time at the table after eating&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=4&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=0&amp;amp;ordenar1=3&amp;amp;ordenar2=50&amp;amp;FID=280219%5C021%5CC053O28022019213427516.1016.1012&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D%20%7BI%7D%20sobremesa%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20%7BI%7D0-1900%7B%7CI%7D,%20en%20todos%20los%20medios,%20en%20%7BI%7DCORDE%20%7B%7CI%7D%20%7B%7CB%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;marcas=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;look for &lt;em&gt;sobremesa&lt;/em&gt; in the CORDE&lt;/a&gt;, a big digitized corpus of Spanish-language texts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-02-28T21:13:23.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28786" CreationDate="2019-03-01T17:38:23.433" Score="3" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some years ago, I learned Spanish through about a high intermediate level.  I've used the language occasionally in intervening years, but overall I've become a little rusty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For career purposes, it would be beneficial to polish my Spanish skills, but apart from doing random exercises, I'm not sure the best way to approach this.  I don't really have the time or means to be formally assessed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best way to review the essentials in a short time to be able to use Spanish at about an intermediate level for practical purposes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21296" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T03:41:40.547" Title="What is the best way to review Spanish quickly" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-03-02T14:40:16.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28782" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28783" CreationDate="2019-03-01T18:33:46.623" Score="7" ViewCount="716" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para dar un ejemplo, supongamos que a una persona le gusta mucho comer fruta , comer fruta para esta persona es un deseo, pero si bien no comer fruta podría (potencial) afectar su salud, no se va a morir por no comer fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La respuesta genérica es que si [sic] podemos vivir sin consumir frutas, pero la calidad de nuestra salud se puede ver seriamente afectada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.alimentossas.com/vivir-sin-comer-frutas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vivir sin comer frutas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pongo este ejemplo para evitar otros que son los que realmente quisiera dar, pero que son polémicos y que probablemente desvirtuarían la respuesta hacia otros temas. (Por ejemplo algunos profesionales de la salud recomiendan comer ciertas cosas o realizar ciertas actividades que si las planteas como &quot;necesidad&quot; de cara a la sociedad se arma la hecatombe).  ¿Existe alguna palabra para expresar algo que es más que un deseo pero menos que una necesidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="13101" LastEditDate="2019-03-02T00:47:45.830" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T06:12:00.180" Title="¿Existe alguna palabra para expresar algo que es más que un deseo pero menos que una necesidad?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28782" CreationDate="2019-03-01T18:44:26.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Algo que deseas mucho mucho, pero que realmente no necesitas es un antojo o un capricho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2xdAves&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;antojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Deseo apremiante y pasajero, habitualmente caprichoso&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes también &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2gDo6zM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;anhelo&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt; como sinónimo de &amp;quot;Deseo vehemente&amp;quot; (esa es literalmente la definición del DRAE). Anhelo es también una de las acepciones de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2ku73g2&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;ansia&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si bien tener capricho o antojo tiene ciertas connotaciones de &amp;quot;deseo pasajero o momentáneo&amp;quot;, con &amp;quot;anhelo&amp;quot; puedes expresar que el deseo es no tan transitorio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes también &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Uno4hNi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;querencia&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Tendencia natural o de un ser animado hacia algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;si quieres explicar que una persona tiene una potente inclinación o gusto por algo. Esto si bien no es una necesidad, tampoco implica que sea un deseo fuerte.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El término &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=S4Caraz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;pasión&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Apetito de algo o afición vehemente a ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sí que denota un grado &amp;quot;muy vivo de inclinación o preferencia&amp;quot; hacia algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo &lt;strong&gt;pasión&lt;/strong&gt; por la fruta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-01T19:00:27.767" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28781" CreationDate="2019-03-01T20:50:48.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years back, I got a job where I worked with many Spanish-speaking people, and also started doing regular (weekly) childcare for a Spanish-speaking child. I was in the same situation where my Spanish was very rusty, and I felt unable to comfortably have basic conversations. The tools I have used to get myself back up to speed were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using a Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Frequency_lists/Spanish1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;word frequency list&lt;/a&gt; to refresh the vocabulary you're most likely to need -- that is, a list of the thousand or so words that are most frequently used in Spanish speech/writing. Study this list, make flashcards, and quiz yourself on them regularly. Another related tool that is useful to have is a book (or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/the-100-most-common-spanish-verbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list&lt;/a&gt;) of the most common Spanish verbs and their conjugations. I would generally try to pick at least three or four verbs a day, and practice with them in various tenses throughout the day. Also, make lists of vocabulary to study that are relevant to your everyday life (the things you do at work, the foods you like to eat, subjects you're interested in, etc). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using free online tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.duolingo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DuoLingo&lt;/a&gt; to drill on basic grammar. Ideally do the lessons at different times throughout the day. Go to the library and get a college-level book on Spanish grammar. Try to work through a chapter a day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find Spanish-language articles on a subject you're interested in, whether that is news, academic/science papers, sports, whatever. Watch Spanish-language films/television, and listen to Spanish music. The internet basically gives you an infinite supply of quality Spanish literature/media. Immerse yourself in it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I work a lot with computers, and one thing that I found helpful as a learning tool was to change my system's language settings to use Spanish as the default language. This made it where the user interface (menus, help pages, etc) were in Spanish, and made it so that many websites I visited defaulted to Spanish. It was frustrating at first and I sometimes had to &quot;cheat&quot; and switch the settings back to English to understand something, but it forced me to think in Spanish whenever I did anything at the computer (which meant several hours a day)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reach out in your local community and make Spanish-speaking friends, and regularly challenge yourself to speak Spanish (and make mistakes!) - having conversations in Spanish with native speakers is the single biggest thing that will improve your Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5307" LastEditorUserId="5307" LastEditDate="2019-03-01T23:57:39.053" LastActivityDate="2019-03-01T23:57:39.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28768" CreationDate="2019-03-02T00:44:22.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Small supplementary answer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You proposed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo voy comprar todos los sábados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's change this a tiny bit to &quot;I'm going to buy a kilo of flour&quot; (to avoid the special thing with &quot;de&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo voy a comprar un kilo de harina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expression &quot;Yo voy a [verb]&quot; is a pattern that corresponds to &quot;I'm going to [verb].&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note 1: As you may have learned, or might be learning soon, you can omit the subject pronoun &quot;yo.&quot;  In fact most of the time this is preferable, as it sounds more natural.  (But as a beginner it's okay if you include it.  Also, it would be included if one wants to &lt;em&gt;emphasize&lt;/em&gt; who's doing the buying.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note 2: &quot;De&quot; means &lt;em&gt;of, from,&lt;/em&gt; etc.  &quot;Del / de la&quot; means &lt;em&gt;of the&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T00:44:22.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28781" CreationDate="2019-03-02T03:41:40.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is intended to supplement the answer by J. Taylor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can find an old-fashioned book that provides a succinct format, you could work your way through the whole book in about three months.  I used such a book, which I bought at a second-hand bookstore.  It was from the University of Chicago, and it was printed with thin paper during World War II.  Each chapter presented a grammar concept with an explanation in Spanish, and about 20 new vocabulary words were introduced, and illustrated in a short dialogue and a short narrative text.  The last thing in each chapter was a set of exercises.  My book didn't have recordings but if you can get a book with accompanying recordings that would be even better.  Good places to look are public libraries, second-hand bookstores, and &quot;Friends of the Library&quot; booksales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's helpful to study out loud.  Speak slowly by prolonging your vowels.  Look in a small mirror -- this will help you keep your vowels pure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn at least 20 vocabulary items per week if &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) the items are connected somehow (such as in the textbook I described)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) you cover up the Spanish and try to produce the English and then vice versa; keep in mind that for something to be stored in your long term memory, it is helpful to put it in your short term memory about 7 times&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(c) you find a mnemonic (memory aid) to help you with the vocabulary items you're having trouble memorizing; for example, I had trouble learning &quot;sonrisa [smile],&quot; and the mnemonic I came up with was to think of &quot;sunrise,&quot; which I thought looked just enough like &quot;sonrisa&quot; to help me go from &quot;smile&quot; to &quot;sunrise&quot; to &quot;sonrisa.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somewhere around the midpoint you'll be ready to start composing your own sentences.  This is helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T03:41:40.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28782" CreationDate="2019-03-02T06:12:00.180" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respuesta rápida:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Necesario&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implica que si no incluimos el consumo de frutas, nuestra salud se verá afectada pero la salud no se pone en peligro de forma directa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un término genérico es &lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; incluir frutas en la dieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que es deseable comerlas e implica beneficios (mas no el grado de estos). No implica ningún efecto negativo al no incluirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un nivel anterior al que buscas sería &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt;. Por Ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt; incluir frutas en la dieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que incluir el consumo puede ser benéfico pero no necesariamente tendrá efectos negativos el no incluirlos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, el término que buscas es precisamente &lt;strong&gt;necesidad&lt;/strong&gt;. Por ejemplo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;necesario&lt;/strong&gt; incluir frutas en la dieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Significa que no incluir las frutas en la dieta podría tener efectos negativos en la salud pero no necesariamente pone en riesgo la vida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, si quiero hacer énfasis en que el no comer frutas pondría en riesgo la vida yo usaría el término &lt;strong&gt;indispensable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;indispensable&lt;/strong&gt; incluir frutas en la dieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si quiero poner aún mas énfasis yo usaría el término &lt;strong&gt;vital&lt;/strong&gt;. Para dar un sentido de que su no inclusión &lt;em&gt;seguramente&lt;/em&gt; pondría en peligro la vida, yo escribiría: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;vital&lt;/strong&gt; incluir frutas en la dieta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si resumimos, en orden de importancia los términos serían:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; (genérico, puede incluir los demás niveles)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;importante&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;necesario&lt;/strong&gt; (el que más se acerca al significado que buscas)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;indispensable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;vital&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quiero hacer notar que &lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; tiene un rango muy amplio; es decir que puede ser sinónimo de los demás términos dependiendo del contexto en que se exprese; por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es &lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; apagar la luz antes de salir de la casa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Es &lt;strong&gt;bueno&lt;/strong&gt; siempre poner atención mientras se conduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como reflexión adicional, tenemos que tomar en cuenta que el español es muy flexible en el sentido de que nos permite usar las palabras como recursos retóricos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Para mi es &lt;strong&gt;vital&lt;/strong&gt; salir de casa con el celular (móvil)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tal motivo, si bien la lista de términos puede ser una referencia, no es necesario seguirla al pie de la letra. En la expresión oral, se pueden usar sin problema uno o dos términos para referirse a cualquier grado de importancia debido a que el contexto está implícito y en su defecto el interlocutor puede pedir que se clarifique.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T06:12:00.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="827" CreationDate="2019-03-03T04:51:00.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see a lot of really good answers have already been posted, but I have just a couple of things to add from my observations. Bear in mind that I am not a native speaker of Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;TL;DR&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bonita:&lt;/strong&gt; Generic, all-purpose term for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pretty&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (and sometimes &lt;strong&gt;&quot;beautiful&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;). As a case in point, the film &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Woman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretty Woman&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; was translated into Spanish as &lt;em&gt;Mujer bonita.&lt;/em&gt; Though there are many types of beauty, this word appears to be referring to a woman's outward appearance, especially if she is thin and graceful. The word itself is actually a diminutive of &quot;buena.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linda:&lt;/strong&gt; I see this translated a lot as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;cute,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; sometimes &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pretty.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Seems to be a word chosen for women who are thin, have a nice, clean look about them, and tend to have delicate features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hermosa:&lt;/strong&gt; Comes from the Latin word &lt;em&gt;formosus&lt;/em&gt; which means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;beautiful,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;handsome.&quot; This word is often used to describe things other than people, such as beaches, views, fountains, and waterfalls, which makes sense because one of its meanings is also &quot;peaceful,&quot; and &quot;serene.&quot; When it is used to describe a woman, however, it looks as if it might sometimes be used for those who have not just an outward beauty, but an inner beauty as well. It also appears that this word is used to describe all sorts of women and not just those who are model thin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guapa:&lt;/strong&gt; Typically just translated as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;good-looking,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; but I sense there's more to it than that. I can't be absolutely certain about this, but it looks as if this word is used, a lot of times (when it is paired with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;chica&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;), to describe someone who is a bit more curvy, voluptuous, and/or sultry than most or perhaps one who, compared to others, is less serious, more fun, and likes to have a good time. When it is paired with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;mujer,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; on the other hand, I get the impression that its meaning leans a bit more toward &quot;handsome&quot; as in a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-does-it-mean-when-someone-says-She-is-a-handsome-woman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;handsome woman&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (I later searched for &quot;handsome woman&quot; on &lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/english-spanish/handsome+woman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and was pleasantly surprised that my observations from a Google image search corresponded with its translations — &quot;mujer guapa&quot; is the first translation listed.) As with &quot;bonita&quot; and &quot;linda,&quot; this appears to be a word that describes a woman's outward appearance. This is not the word you would choose, for example, to describe a woman's &quot;beautiful mind.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bella:&lt;/strong&gt; I tend to agree with Keila Perez Oliveras on this one (i.e., it's the highest compliment to any woman), but it is also used to describe a lot of things other than a woman (e.g., words, cities, images, ...). It comes from the Latin &lt;em&gt;bellus&lt;/em&gt;, which means &lt;strong&gt;&quot;beautiful,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;pretty,&quot; &quot;handsome.&quot; The classic fairy tale &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sleeping Beauty&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; has been translated into Spanish as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_bella_durmiente&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La bella durmiente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the animated film &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Beauty and the Beast&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_bella_y_la_bestia_(pel%C3%ADcula_de_1991)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La bella y la bestia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Reserve this one for the best of the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: As I mentioned, I'm not a native speaker of Spanish so the conclusions I came to above were not made lightly, nor did they come easily. They are the synthesis of examining a lot of different material. Ordinarily, I make my readers work for their TL;DR by at least having to scroll through what I've written, but it was moved to the top by &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/users/1674/fedorqui&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fedorqui&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, one of Spanish Language StackExchange's moderators, and one of its best contributors, so if you like your TL;DR up front, consider yourself lucky. Even so, I encourage you to read the rest of the article. It might take you half an hour to read, but there's lots of bolding, links, images, and sections to help you skim it faster or bypass any section that doesn't interest you. A lot of time and effort went into it, but I don't want you to read it because of that. I want you to read it because I think you'll enjoy it and learn something in the process.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;One of my teachers: 12 Corazones&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to start off by commenting on some observations I've made from a guilty pleasure of mine — a television game show called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_Corazones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. It's a good show for a student of Spanish to watch because it tends to repeat some of the same words over and over and context is sometimes enriched via the action seen on the screen (rather than just words on a page). It applies to your question because it is basically a dating game show where contestants use words like these to describe one another. I was reminded of it by the time I got to the end of this thread because I suddenly realized that it provides some great insight into what words people (especially those under 30) tend to use to describe the opposite sex in a romantic/dating context. I haven't watched every single show, but I've watched quite a few and based on the episodes I've seen, I haven't noticed &quot;bonito/-a,&quot; &quot;hermoso/-a,&quot; or &quot;bello/-a&quot; used a lot. Lately, I've noticed the word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lindo/-a&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; used quite a bit and the definition provided by skan —&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beautiful face and body. It refers to a thin woman with graceful movements.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;definitely seems quite fitting, but I think it means something more like &quot;cute&quot; when applied to a male. While you can translate &quot;lindo/-a&quot; as &quot;pretty&quot; as in &quot;vestido lindo&quot; or &quot;chica linda,&quot; and you can even do the same for males as in &quot;chico lindo,&quot; a &quot;pretty boy,&quot; in some circles it can convey a pejorative meaning that doesn't exist with &quot;pretty girl.&quot; See some definitions &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=pretty%20boy&amp;amp;page=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; if you aren't sure about what I'm referring to. Suffice it to say, I don't think &quot;lindo,&quot; as used on &lt;em&gt;12 Corazones,&lt;/em&gt; is well translated as &quot;pretty boy.&quot; The word &quot;cute&quot; seems to be more fitting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I know that one of the best ways to translate &quot;How cute!&quot; is &quot;¡Qué lindo!&quot; (but it clearly is not restricted to just that meaning). Look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%C2%A1Qu%C3%A9+lindo!%22&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;chips=q:qu%C3%A9%20lindo,online_chips:beb%C3%A9&amp;amp;tbas=0&amp;amp;source=lnt&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiD3eO47uTgAhWOrVkKHfYUAbIQpwUIIQ&amp;amp;biw=1475&amp;amp;bih=809&amp;amp;dpr=1.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these images&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to see it being used as &quot;cute.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a single word has such a range of meaning — from &quot;a thin woman with graceful movements&quot; to &quot;cute&quot; — it is difficult to get a grasp on when and how it should be used. Further complicating the usage of this word is the fact that its origins aren't certain. If etymology interests you, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lindo#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; provides some interesting details for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;lindo,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; one of which is that the word may derive from Old Spanish for &lt;strong&gt;&quot;authentic,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;pure,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;good.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; This meshes with how I've seen the word used on &lt;em&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/em&gt; — more cute, nice girl from a good family rather than sultry, tawdry bad girl with a scandalous past. A visit to educalingo will give you more interesting details about this word (which may be more commonly used in the Southern Cone (esp., Argentina and Paraguay) than Spain. It even includes a short paragraph on &quot;Lindo&quot; one of the sons of the Greek god Helios, which you can also find &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindo_(mitolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. You might want to reserve this word for females, however. Educalingo mentions that the word &quot;lindo&quot; is also the word for an effeminate man who takes care of his appearance too much. As has been mentioned before, &quot;pretty boy&quot; may be a good translation of &quot;chico lindo.&quot; Now that I think about it, in addition to &quot;cute,&quot; this meaning also seems to mesh with the usage I've seen of it on &lt;em&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another word I often hear contestants use on &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, but one not on your list or in this thread (yet) is &quot;atractivo,&quot; which I think is a very useful all-purpose kind of word that can be applied to many different types of people. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;q=atractivo&amp;amp;chips=q:atractivo,online_chips:hombres&amp;amp;usg=AI4_-kSJrhTbIDBzxbSeQRVc07FOsSjIhg&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjc2If28-TgAhUdwMQHHSO5BOsQ4lYIKSgA&amp;amp;biw=1475&amp;amp;bih=809&amp;amp;dpr=1.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;These images&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; give you some good examples of males who fit this description and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=atractiva&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;chips=q:atractiva&amp;amp;tbas=0&amp;amp;source=lnt&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiOweTY9OTgAhUkwVkKHadGDagQpwUIIQ&amp;amp;biw=1475&amp;amp;bih=809&amp;amp;dpr=1.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;these&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; are good examples of females who do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite the fact that I hear &quot;atractivo&quot; a lot on the show, it doesn't necessarily mean that it is used more than other words. And the words used on the show aren't necessarily the ones audience members would use (even though I'm sure they understand them). To test this theory out, I took the words you asked about (plus &quot;atractivo/-a&quot;) and did a Google search of videos with them and this dating game show — &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Findings from the returns of such a search are likely to be comments made about the show. What I found was rather interesting, so I put it together in a chart for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/RnZhclG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was really surprised to see &quot;bella&quot; at the top of the chart, but it makes sense for the fact that the show is produced in the United States, is based off of a show in Argentina, and most of its contestants come from Latin America, not Spain. (See the answers from Joze and skan for why I found it surprising that &quot;bella&quot; would be so high on the list.) There may be other reasons why &quot;bella&quot; resulted in so many hits (e.g., personal names of those uploading the video or those contributing comments), but even when I adjusted the search to eliminate some of that, it didn't seem to make a difference. In other words, I believe I was just as likely to find a return for someone named Bella as I was for someone who decided to use that word to describe a person, especially if a video had more than a thousand comments. I was also surprised to see &quot;guapo&quot; so middle of the pack, but after reading through this thread, the fact that &quot;guapa&quot; is just fourth from the bottom now makes a lot of sense. (See Joze's comment on &quot;guapa.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not take a look at every comment made, but below are a few. In case you don't know, the letter &quot;q&quot; is text shorthand for &quot;que.&quot; I left the comments as is (to include punctuation and capitalization) with the exception of an ellipsis (to indicate a partial omission of the comment) and bolding of text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Penelope Menchaca &lt;strong&gt;bella&lt;/strong&gt; como siempre&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;Tan &lt;strong&gt;bella&lt;/strong&gt; q era Tauro&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;q &lt;strong&gt;linda&lt;/strong&gt; es Carmen&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;Tauro hace &lt;strong&gt;linda&lt;/strong&gt; pareja con ese&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;La de rosa es la mas &lt;strong&gt;Hermosa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;la niña de rojo está bien &lt;strong&gt;bonita&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;… son muy &lt;strong&gt;bonitas&lt;/strong&gt; parejas no&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;q eran &lt;strong&gt;bonitos&lt;/strong&gt; son súper feos&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;Si estos son &lt;strong&gt;guapos&lt;/strong&gt;, entonces yo soy millonaria&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;Muy &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt; es el de capricornio muy &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt; papasote&quot; - &#xA;  &quot;los 4 son &lt;strong&gt;lindos&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Geminis está muuuy &lt;strong&gt;guapo&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you want to see this one for yourself, click &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5ZQhPwlFD4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. I don’t think this particular episode was too racy and it had more of a multicultural angle to it than most in that the contestants were from all corners of the world.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should also add that &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/i3rBUxcJQu8?t=82&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;using &quot;está&quot; instead of &quot;es&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to describe a person's looks indicates that you find him/her especially so — more so than usual. How you could say that about a stranger on television, I don't know, but the last comment listed appears to have been made by a native Spanish speaker. I suppose it's possible they know each other personally. Even so, you typically want to use these types of descriptors with some form of &quot;ser,&quot; not &quot;estar.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Actors and Actresses: Pretty Boys and Pretty Girls&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later I decided to run an experiment similar to the one just described, randomly selecting some famous people known for their good looks. This time the only filter selected was one for language — Spanish. Those results follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/rle3WX9.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/pNNCHUr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the results for the two male actors I selected are the same in terms of the relative frequency of these words as found on pages with their name. Even so, when I took a closer look at the numbers, I realized that there was a significantly greater proportion of pages with &quot;bonito&quot; + &quot;Ryan Gosling&quot; (89%) than there were for &quot;bonito&quot; and &quot;Gael Garcia Bernal&quot; (65%), making me think that there might be more of a tendency to refer to Gosling as a &quot;pretty boy&quot; than there is for Bernal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading one of the answers in this thread, I was thinking that &quot;bonito/-a&quot; may not be such a good word to use to describe the appearance of a person, but if these search results are any indicator, it looks as if it might be more commonly used than some might think, at least on a global scale. Likewise for &quot;bella.&quot; After going back and reading through the comments, however, I was still a bit skeptical about these findings, so I took a closer look at some of the pages. Granted &quot;bonito/-a&quot; is not always describing a person on these pages, but there were some instances of it in which it was describing a person, and I didn't have to scrape the bottom of the barrel to find them. Here are a couple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://de10.com.mx/top-10/2016/11/11/ryan-gosling-10-cintas-que-demuestran-que-es-mas-que-un-nino-bonito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Ryan Gosling: 10 cintas que demuestran que es más que un &lt;strong&gt;niño bonito&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;— &lt;em&gt;De10.com.mx&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Uno de sus primeros papeles como secundario fue Remember the Titans, pero después se hizo famoso por The Notebook, aunque supo deshacerse de la imagen de &lt;strong&gt;niño bonito&lt;/strong&gt; para ser uno de los mejores actores de su generación.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cinepremiere.com.mx/ryan-gosling-sus-mejores-peliculas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ryan Gosling sus MEJORES películas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; &lt;em&gt;Cine PREMIERE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite that, I have to admit that for most instances I saw of &quot;bonito,&quot; it was describing anything but a person. &lt;strong&gt;Apart from &quot;niño bonito,&quot; I saw &quot;bonito&quot; describe everything from dresses and suits to messages, tributes, and Valentines,&lt;/strong&gt; and for some of the examples I saw, better translated as &quot;beautiful&quot; rather than &quot;pretty.&quot; Still a bit shaky on whether I might be able to use this word to describe a man, I decided to look it up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bonito/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;www.deChile.net&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, as well as &lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com/en/dic-es/bonito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;educalingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. The website deChile.net provides a fairly lengthy entry for &quot;bonito,&quot; initially mentioning that it means &quot;beautiful and graceful,&quot; before going into great detail about its other meaning as a type of fish. Educalingo lists &quot;bonito&quot; as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skipjack_tuna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;skipjack tuna&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but also includes the collocation &lt;strong&gt;&quot;niño bonito&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and lists two translations of it — &lt;strong&gt;&quot;golden boy&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;wonder boy,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; along with some good sentence examples. It provides some other collocations with this word that you may want to be aware of, too, so it is definitely worth checking out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for &quot;bonita,&quot; based off of Joze's comments about it, I would imagine I'd find far more instances of it describing a person (of female gender), than I did with &quot;bonito.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that the results differ a bit more for the two actresses. Relatively speaking, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;guapa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is more likely to be found on pages with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarlett_Johansson&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scarlett Johansson&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; than is &quot;linda&quot; (7% vs. 6%) whereas &quot;&lt;strong&gt;linda&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is more likely to be found on pages with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Penelope Cruz&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; than is &quot;guapa&quot; (9% vs. 1%). Keep in mind that this was not an exact science. I did not inspect each page to see whether or not these words were describing the actress or something else altogether, but even so, I think this provides some insight into word choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also wondered whether or not the fact that Cruz is from Spain made any difference, so I did another experiment using an actress originally from Mexico — &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salma_Hayek&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salma Hayek&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. For her, there was more of an even spread between &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bonita&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; &quot;&lt;strong&gt;bella&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;linda&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; but, as with Cruz, &quot;guapa&quot; was far less likely to be found on pages with her name than &quot;linda&quot; (9% vs. 18%).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to calibrate this pseudo-experiment even further, I ran these searches with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Stone&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emma Stone&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Interestingly enough, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;hermosa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; was more likely to appear on pages with her name on them than either &quot;linda&quot; or &quot;bonita&quot;; similar to Cruz and Hayek, &quot;linda&quot; was twice as likely to appear as &quot;guapa.&quot; As unscientific as this research is, I'd be inclined to say that Johansson might be considered someone who fits more into the &quot;guapa&quot; category and the others more into the &quot;linda&quot; category. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also took a closer look at the word &lt;strong&gt;&quot;bella&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and how it was used. It checked out just fine as an acceptable word to describe a beautiful woman, but it is also used to describe other things (such as &quot;a beautiful love story,&quot; &quot;a beautiful thing&quot;). A couple of examples where it is used to describe a woman:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.noticias24.com/gente/noticia/169158/scarlett-johansson-es-la-mujer-mas-bella-del-mundo-y-lo-mostro-en-esta-alfombra-roja/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Johansson es la mujer más &lt;strong&gt;bella&lt;/strong&gt; del mundo y lo mostró en esta alfombra roja&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;— &lt;em&gt;Noticias24&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sdpnoticias.com/estilo-de-vida/2018/10/15/penelope-cruz-mas-bella-[que-nunca-en-el-lente-de-karl-lagerfeld&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Penélope Cruz más &lt;strong&gt;bella&lt;/strong&gt; que nunca en el lente de Karl Lagerfeld&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;— &lt;em&gt;SDPnoticias.com&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these last two examples correspond well with the definition of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;bella&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Keila Perez Oliveras gave:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... the highest compliment to any woman.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Advice on how to understand these words better&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope everyone's comments here help you to better understand the differences between these words. I know I now have a better understanding myself. Even so, it is important to be observant of regional differences. I think Mackie Messer had some good advice with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Just listen to the people around you. Then try some words and observe the reactions.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't live in a Spanish-speaking country or live near native Spanish speakers, expose yourself to the language as much as possible with as many different types of communication mediums as you can — news and magazine articles (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cosmopolitan.com/es/consejos-planes/familia-amigos/g12822474/instagrammers-guapos-y-atractivos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cosmo in Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; might give you some insight into how these words are used and then some!), books, film and television, are all very good for increasing the depth and breadth of your vocabulary and putting things into a context that you can learn from and apply later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;12 Corazones&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a good example. You can find some episodes online, but don't judge it from those alone because I don't think the best of the best is out there. If you are at all curious, you can watch a full episode of one of the more memorable ones &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83yxLfBO_sA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. It was quite a show. (It was published by a channel called Telemundo English, but the show is in Spanish with English subtitles (not autogenerated ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even use &lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;YARN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to get a better feel for Spanish words and the context in which they are sometimes used. Its database doesn't have a lot of Spanish language videos yet, but it does have some, and you'll also see that some Spanish words are used in programs intended for an English-speaking audience. Here's a clip I put together of some of the words examined in this thread:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-story/43297b5b-3bdf-4d4e-aac1-083828fea154&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lindo-hermosa-bonita-bonito-guapa-guapo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may even help for you to do the same with their English counterparts. Sometimes, I think a lack of a full grasp of a word's meaning in one's own native language can impede one's ability to understand why one word may be a better translation of it than another. In other words, &lt;strong&gt;if you don't make fine distinctions between words&lt;/strong&gt; such as beautiful, cute, pretty, good-looking, gorgeous, attractive, et cetera, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;in your own language,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;it isn't likely you'll be able to do it with ease &lt;em&gt;in a foreign language.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Knowing one's own language really well will help you make similar distinctions in a foreign language and improve your communication skills by enabling you to use precisely the words that convey what you want to say. It may help you to create one of these for yourself, but here's a collection of clips with the English counterparts to the Spanish words you inquired about (plus &quot;attractive&quot; and &quot;gorgeous,&quot; both synonyms of &quot;beautiful&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-story/55f6763f-3218-42d2-bbf6-ee2c322d90b4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pretty - cute - beautiful - good-looking - attractive - gorgeous&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to think about conversation partners as well. It is fairly easy nowadays to find native speakers willing to converse in Spanish and lots of resources out there to help you get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if that isn't enough, I highly recommend creating your own personal Spanish reference library and one that includes a good collocation database. I recently found this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguatools.de/kollokationen-es/bolls/search&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish Collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and immediately thought &lt;em&gt;Where have you been all my life?&lt;/em&gt; because it is precisely the type of thing I've been needing. I hope it helps you and anyone else who happens to stumble upon this thread. As an example of what it can do for you, click on the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguatools.de/kollokationen-es/bolls/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;amp;query=hermoso&amp;amp;commit=Search+Collocations%21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hermoso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguatools.de/kollokationen-es/bolls/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;amp;query=bello&amp;amp;commit=Search+Collocations%21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bello&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you can't access those pages, I'll provide a few examples of the information you can glean from it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hermoso/-a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;hermosa mujer&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hermoso hombre&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;hermoso rostro&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;hermosa cara&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;muchacha hermosa&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;muchacho hermoso&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bello/-a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;bella mujer&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;bello hombre&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;bella hija&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;bello hijo&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;chica bella&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is a much more common pairing than &lt;strong&gt;&quot;chico bello&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the idea. As with any database, the corpus that comprises it may or may not be reflective of your circle or region (or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_(sociolinguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;register&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), but the collocation database I've used for this post looks as if it's a pretty good one. You can always check what you find with it against another source (e.g., Google's Ngram Viewer or even just a Google search).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After returning to this thread over and over again, I suddenly realized something. One of the reasons it may be difficult to keep these Spanish synonyms straight is because there exists a mix of fluidity and rigidity in their English counterparts. To use a well known object of beauty, I'll apply this to the Mona Lisa. Many might describe her as beautiful, or handsome, and maybe even gorgeous, but I don't think many would describe her as cute or pretty. To use the Grand Canyon as another example, you could call it beautiful, gorgeous, and even pretty, but you wouldn't call it cute or good looking. So this led me to studying these words just a bit further. The first thing I wanted to do was start off with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish Royal Academy's [Real Academia Española (RAE)]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; definition, but just focusing on the first definition listed for each word. Joze has all of them included above, but here are my translations, aided by Reverso and Google Translate to ensure I was interpreting each of them correctly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/vPgb65b.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, I took a closer look at some of the collocations using the collocation database I mentioned earlier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/rwGyNP0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt; &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Collocations appearing more than once on the chart have been marked with a color. Find its matching color for other instances of it. The number in parentheses behind each collocation is the number of hits the collocation returned from the database.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I reread the details you included with your question and I'm glad you added them because while I tend to agree with you that &quot;beautiful&quot; is more of a compliment than &quot;pretty,&quot; I realized that I personally rarely use &quot;pretty&quot; as an adjective at all. I tend to use it almost exclusively as an adverb as in &quot;pretty much.&quot; But that's just me and my small circle. If &lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-find?text=pretty&amp;amp;p=19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is any representation, the word &quot;pretty&quot; is just as likely to be used as an adjective as it is to be used as an adverb, even though, overall, it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=pretty%2C+beautiful&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=15&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cpretty%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cbeautiful%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;less commonly used than &quot;beautiful.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; The word &quot;pretty&quot; reminds me of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgHtBxOs4qw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this song from &lt;em&gt;West Side Story&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PW_02k7LRMo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this scene from &lt;em&gt;The Wizard of Oz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, so maybe that has something to do with it. More likely, though, is simply that the people I surround myself with and the things I listen to or watch on television tend not to use the word. Be that as it may, I, like you, had to really think about which Spanish word (that has been examined in this thread), would I use for any given situation. Before doing so, I wanted to make sure I was limiting my study to just those collocations that were most frequent. After doing that, I went searching for images, using both Spanish and English, to come up with images that matched my notion of each collocation and created the chart you see below with what I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/M5CuATr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, this list only includes the feminine forms. There's a reason for that. The collocation database I used did not show significant numbers of hits for anything but &quot;hombre guapo&quot; (19) and &quot;hombre hermoso&quot; (9). Neither did I find significant hits for &quot;niña hermosa&quot; or &quot;niña guapa.&quot; I don't doubt that these pairings exist, but just not in significant numbers in this database. I know for a fact that a Google search will return several pages of &lt;strong&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;biw=1745&amp;amp;bih=836&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;ei=3Cl9XJ2PMo-1_AaXsqU4&amp;amp;q=%22ni%C3%B1a+guapa%22&amp;amp;oq=%22ni%C3%B1a+guapa%22&amp;amp;gs_l=img.3..0i30j0i8i30j0i8i7i30j0i30l3j0i5i30l4.17383.19462..19927...0.0..0.381.1755.0j8j0j2......1....1..gws-wiz-img.......0j0i7i30j0i7i5i30.w2bHRZ2itIk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;niña guapa&lt;/a&gt;,&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should also add that just because a particular word doesn't have a solid collocation, it doesn't mean that the object in question isn't well described by it. For example, in English, &quot;hot boy&quot; is not a collocation and just sounds rather off to a native speaker, but you could say, &quot;The boy is hot,&quot; and it would sound perfectly fine and would most likely mean that the male child in question either has a fever or has somehow exerted himself to a noticeable degree. The slang/colloquial meaning of the word &quot;hot,&quot; could be another meaning where &quot;boy&quot; refers to a young man and not a little boy and &quot;hot&quot; means &quot;extremely attractive in a sexy kind of way.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that aside, I found it difficult to find images for these collocations that would be considered an unquestionable representation of each. In the end, I had to live with the fact that, despite the definitions provided for each, in terms of actual usage, their meanings are a bit subjective. In other words, what one person considers beautiful may not be considered beautiful by another. For a comedic example that touches on this subject, see this &lt;a href=&quot;https://getyarn.io/yarn-story/35c7fe07-b1da-437d-a99e-be5dd0ccadd0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I could have been a bit more multicultural with my selections, but I was concerned that doing so might complicate the effort to show the finer distinctions between these collocations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further complicating my efforts was the restriction I imposed on myself to only collect images marked as &quot;labeled for noncommercial reuse&quot; (with the exception of maybe one or two, which were collected via other legitimate means).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also need to add that many of the collocations for &quot;chica&quot; and &quot;mujer&quot; had significant hits even in reverse order, but for the sake of space and time, I only included the pairing with the most hits. For example, in the chart you will see &quot;hermosa mujer,&quot; but not &quot;mujer hermosa&quot; even though it also received a significant number of hits (110). None of the others had as high of a frequency, but I thought it was important to let you know that. In Spanish, usually when a word pairing reverses the traditional noun-adjective order, the speaker is emphasizing the adjective. Sometimes reversing the order of noun-adjective can change the meaning altogether, but that's a topic for a completely different thread and shouldn't be a concern for the word pairings presented here. If the topic interests you, you can probably find a lot of information out there on the web, but at some point you may want to read the Spanish StackExchange thread titled, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/328/significance-of-adjective-placement&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance of adjective placement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-11T23:16:10.650" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T23:16:10.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28791" CreationDate="2019-03-03T15:12:18.990" Score="8" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces escucho una forma de expresión como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Votaré por el político X porque parece la menos peor de las opciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la vista del diccionario panhispánico de dudas, hay un error en la comparación &lt;em&gt;menos peor&lt;/em&gt;, puesto que la &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Cbumyr3WLD6Afn24Wr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;versión 2005&lt;/a&gt; del mismo reza lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tampoco es correcto el empleo [...] delante de adjetivos que ya son comparativos de por sí, como peor, mejor ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La entrada en cuestión hace referencia al adverbio &lt;em&gt;más&lt;/em&gt;, pero se puede entender del extracto que la misma conclusión es extrapolable a &lt;em&gt;menos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante y cometiendo el error a propósito, la intención del hablante en este caso es comunicar que ha elegido la mejor opción pero también quiere hacer explícito que lo hace dentro de un conjunto de malas opciones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es, ¿De qué manera se puede comunicar la misma idea sin hacer un uso incorrecto del lenguaje?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14007" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T17:22:42.687" Title="¿De qué forma hacer énfasis en la mejor opción de un conjunto de malas opciones?" Tags="&lt;adverbios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2019-03-03T15:57:34.140" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, es verdad que con las reglas del español, no se puede decir &quot;menos peor&quot;. La forma correcta para decir la frase es &quot;Votaré por el político X porque parece como la mejor opción de todos los candidatos.&quot; La frase &quot;menos peor&quot; es incorrecta gramaticalmente, pero una forma similar para decir la frase es &quot;la mejor&quot;. Así que la forma correcta para decir la oración es: &quot;el político es la mejor opción de todos los candidatos.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21257" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T15:57:34.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2019-03-03T17:22:42.687" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;La forma correcta de expresar esa idea consiste en decir: &quot;menos malo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Votaré por el político X porque parece la menos mala de las opciones. (Todas son malas, pero ésa lo es en menor grado.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También hablamos de &quot;mal menor&quot; cuando nos vemos obligados a optar entre varias alternativas negativas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Votaré por el político X porque parece el mal menor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T17:22:42.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28794" CreationDate="2019-03-04T12:37:00.963" Score="5" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;Veo en la imagen que encabeza &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/02/18/planeta_futuro/1550491014_727538.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta noticia&lt;/a&gt; la siguiente pancarta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v3ZnK.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v3ZnK.png&quot; alt=&quot;pancarta&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;BASTA&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;DE # DE&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  HAMBRE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A primera vista lo he leído como &lt;em&gt;&quot;BASTA DE HAMBRE&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, pero &lt;strong&gt;me llama la atención la aparición por duplicado de la preposición &quot;DE&quot;, así como el uso del símbolo &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; en medio&lt;/strong&gt;. ¿Por qué está escrito así?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés a veces se usa &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; en lugar de &lt;em&gt;number&lt;/em&gt;, sobre todo en contextos técnicos o contables (&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5507011/max-of-elements-and-dimensions-supported-by-each-data-container-in-matlab&quot;&gt;ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://mcpactions.com/faq/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;). ¿Es el del cartel un uso similar, queriendo decir entonces algo como &lt;em&gt;&quot;BASTA DE [¿miles? ¿millones?] DE HAMBRE&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O es tan solo un simple adorno para rellenar la línea central del cartel y que no ponga solo &quot;DE&quot;? ¿O tienen el símbolo &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; o la construcción &quot;DE # DE&quot; algún significado particular en español, quizá regional de Argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T15:11:33.637" Title="Significado de &quot;BASTA DE # DE HAMBRE&quot;" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;símbolos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28792" CreationDate="2019-03-04T15:11:33.637" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Todo indica que la duplicación de la palabra &lt;em&gt;DE&lt;/em&gt; es un error en la confección del cartel, y que el signo &lt;em&gt;#&lt;/em&gt; indica un &lt;em&gt;hashtag&lt;/em&gt; de Twitter (un prefijo que se usa convencionalmente para indicar que la palabra que sigue, o conjunto de palabras unidas entre sí, es un tema central o relacionado a lo que se está compartiendo). La práctica de incorporar &lt;em&gt;hashtags&lt;/em&gt; a las campañas políticas &quot;en la vida real&quot; (vale decir, en medios diferentes a la propia red social Twitter) es muy común en Argentina, no sé si en otros países: la presencia del símbolo &lt;em&gt;#&lt;/em&gt; denota que se trata de un eslogan o tema unificador, sea que aparezca en un zócalo de televisión o escrito a mano en un pedazo de cartón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En estos últimos días hubo manifestaciones masivas, organizadas por movimientos sociales y partidarios como los mencionados en la nota, en cuya difusión se usó el &lt;em&gt;hashtag&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;#BastaDeHambre&lt;/strong&gt;. El mismo lo viene usando el Movimiento Evita (citado en la nota) en otras manifestaciones de oposición al gobierno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OpwCR.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OpwCR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDXcL.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDXcL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T15:11:33.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-04T17:19:41.527" Score="3" ViewCount="1542" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a language learner, so please help me out with this:  Is it better to say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde &lt;strong&gt;estabas&lt;/strong&gt; ayer a las dos en la tarde? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Dónde &lt;strong&gt;estuviste&lt;/strong&gt; ayer a las dos en la tarde?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if it is better to say &lt;em&gt;estabas&lt;/em&gt;, what is the reasoning behind that? Or does it even matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21306" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-03-04T17:34:25.590" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T06:53:42.357" Title="estabas VS estuviste" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28795" CreationDate="2019-03-04T17:33:06.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doesn't really matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preference for the preterite (&lt;em&gt;estuviste&lt;/em&gt;) or the imperfect (&lt;em&gt;estabas&lt;/em&gt;) for that type of question varies from region to region. Both are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T17:33:06.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28795" CreationDate="2019-03-04T18:04:05.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between &lt;em&gt;estabas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;estuviste&lt;/em&gt; is the difference between the tenses called &lt;em&gt;pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pretérito indefinido&lt;/em&gt;, which are often known in English by the shortened forms &quot;imperfect&quot; and &quot;preterite&quot;. Both the options are correct, even though they don't mean exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect denotes an unfinished or ongoing action or state, so &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde estabas a las dos?&lt;/em&gt; means, more or less, &quot;Where were you spending your time when the clock struck two o'clock?&quot;. The imperfect &lt;em&gt;estabas&lt;/em&gt; implies no intent; it conveys the idea of something that was just taking place during a given lapse of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The preterite denotes a finished or punctual action or state, so &lt;em&gt;¿Dónde estuviste a las dos?&lt;/em&gt; suggests the idea of &quot;Where had you gone so that you found yourself there at two o'clock?&quot;. The Spanish preterit &lt;em&gt;estuviste&lt;/em&gt; suggests intent: that the person went somewhere &lt;strong&gt;so as to be there&lt;/strong&gt;. This is not unlike the peculiar English idiom used to convey the idea of going away, being in a specific place and then coming back: &quot;Where have you been?&quot;. This would certainly be translated with the preterite in Latin American Spanish (European Spanish speakers tend to prefer the compound tense &lt;em&gt;pretérito perfecto&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The distinction is subtle and, for the most part, irrelevant, but I have the feeling that if I were seriously questioning someone, for example, I would rather use the imperfect, unless I knew they'd been somewhere specific at the time, in which case I'd use the preterite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T18:04:05.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28799" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28802" CreationDate="2019-03-05T04:25:49.390" Score="4" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, one can use Contrastive Focus Reduplication to clarify between one definition of a word and another definition by putting stress on the first part of the duplication.  Some examples of this include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Do you like her, or do you LIKE-like her?&lt;/code&gt; in clarifying between a friendly fondness and a romantic fondness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Did you guys dance, or did you guys DANCE-dance?&lt;/code&gt; in clarifying between normal dancing and some other more significant dancing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm just wondering if this is possible to use in the Spanish language, because in my HS class we are writing myths (that are to be acted out) which must have literary devices used in them and I am thinking about choosing this particular device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Español&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En inglés, uno puede usar la reduplicación de enfoque contrastivo para aclarar entre una definición de una palabra y otra poniendo énfasis en la primera parte de la duplicación. Algunos ejemplos de esto incluyen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;  ¿Te gusta ella, o te GUSTA-gusta ella? Aclarando entre un afecto amistoso y un afecto romántico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;¿Vosotros Bailabais en el baile, o vosotros BAILABAIS-bailabais en el baile?&quot; Para aclarar entre el baile normal y otros bailes más significativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me pregunto si esto es posible usarlo en el idioma español, porque en mi clase de HS estamos escribiendo mitos (que deben ser actuados) que deben tener dispositivos literarios usados y estoy pensando en elegir este dispositivo en particular .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Correct me if my spanish is wrong too, please!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22028/5481&quot;&gt;thread linked&lt;/a&gt; was about adjectives, this is more broad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21250" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T20:03:43.393" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T12:47:47.097" Title="Does Spanish have Contrastive Focus Reduplication? / Tiene el español reduplicación de enfoque contrastivo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28795" CreationDate="2019-03-05T06:53:42.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the regional variant of Spanish I am used to would use &quot;estabas&quot; 99% of the time in your example, it doesn't really matter with this verb, &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt;.  Basically, if something is or was ongoing, then use the descriptive past (&lt;em&gt;estabas&lt;/em&gt;); if it's more pinpointed, then use the time-delineated past (&lt;em&gt;estuviste&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But let's change the verb and see what happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. ¿A dónde ibas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. ¿A dónde fuiste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In A, we set the scene, for some sort of interrupting action, for example, &lt;em&gt;Where were you going [when you remembered you left the stove on]?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In B, the going has been completed.  A possible context for this question could be: the person went somewhere, arrived, left again, and returned to the point of origin (home, place of work, restaurant where this person and the interlocutor are having dinner, etc.  This question is equivalent to &lt;em&gt;Where did you go?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in situations like this, it does matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T06:53:42.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28799" CreationDate="2019-03-05T16:28:22.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes this does also occur in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first of the citations in (10) is excerpted from the Pedro Almodóvar film, &lt;em&gt;Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown&lt;/em&gt;, and occurs in the scene in which the protagonist, seeking to rent out her Madrid penthouse apartment (complete with chicken coop and tropical garden), opens the door to find prospective tenants, who just happens to be her lover's son and his somewhat inhibited fiancée, who registers the complaint in (10a). The remaining examples are more self-explanatory; the boldface is mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(10) a. No es una &lt;strong&gt;CASA-casa.&lt;/strong&gt;  'This isn't a real [sic] house.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ling.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/horn/horn93_SKY_pdfEconomyandRedundancy.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Economy and Redundancy in a Dualistic Model of Natural Language.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (L. Horn, 1993)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T16:28:22.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28815" CreationDate="2019-03-05T17:27:53.130" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name &lt;em&gt;Costa Alta&lt;/em&gt; occurs on some early 16th c. maps of North America, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3200m.gct00046/?st=gallery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Waldseemüller's&lt;/a&gt; (first plate, fifth name from the top), and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Sch%C3%B6ner_globe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Schöner's&lt;/a&gt;. I understand this now means &quot;high coast&quot;, as in mountaineous, and am wondering if there are any other possible interpretations? The only mountains on the coast are some way up in Canada, which is much further north than those maps seem to show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: the early maps, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantino_planisphere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantino's&lt;/a&gt; (1502), Waldseemüller's (1516), and Schöner's (1520) end abruptly somewhere in the middle of the current U.S., and were presumably based on the early Spanish explorations starting in the Caribbean. But the name also occurs on later maps, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/ids:7723780&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vopel's&lt;/a&gt; (1540) that show the whole coast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21311" LastEditorUserId="21311" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T08:31:57.767" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T13:02:05.743" Title="&quot;Costa Alta&quot; on the east coast of the U.S. (16th c.)" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;nombres-propios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28805" CreationDate="2019-03-05T18:06:48.147" Score="4" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm talking about the feather part of an arrow that helps stabilise it in flight. I tried Google translate and it's not returning anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5CC6Xm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5CC6Xm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19826" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-11-14T09:49:42.020" LastActivityDate="2019-11-14T09:49:42.020" Title="What do you call the fletching of an arrow in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28804" CreationDate="2019-03-05T18:27:17.007" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are called &quot;Plumas&quot; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remeras_(flecha)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;remeras&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learningarcherywithjrs.blogspot.com/2013/10/partes-de-la-flecha.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;See here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be easily verified if you search &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_esCO836CO836&amp;amp;q=partes%20de%20la%20flecha&amp;amp;spell=1&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjgl-v8z-vgAhUIjlkKHfxFDLAQBQgrKAA&amp;amp;biw=1745&amp;amp;bih=886&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;partes de la flecha&quot;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common result from the search is &quot;plumas&quot; however &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flecha&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; show the &quot;remeras&quot; result in a picture but also refers to them as &quot; plumas&quot; in the text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think &quot;plumas&quot; is without doubts the most used term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kVz03.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kVz03.png&quot; alt=&quot;taken from https://mtpisgahadventurerclub.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/8/9/13890099/partes_de_una_flecha-maestro.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;image taken from &lt;a href=&quot;https://mtpisgahadventurerclub.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/8/9/13890099/partes_de_una_flecha-maestro.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://mtpisgahadventurerclub.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/8/9/13890099/partes_de_una_flecha-maestro.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-03-05T19:41:14.327" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T19:41:14.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21487" CreationDate="2019-03-05T18:52:30.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name of the symbol is &lt;em&gt;opening question mark&lt;/em&gt;; Not &lt;em&gt;upside down question mark.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disagree with following answer &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;In contrast, Spanish speakers recognize the questions only by the intonation of the spoken phrase. We do not have a grammatical indicator to show that we are reading a question.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since in English the structure of a sentence is different, you know it is a question. In Spanish the same sentence can be a question or an affirmation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: ¿Se fue?.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Affirmation: Se fue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, we need to use the opening question mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21312" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-03-05T19:34:43.303" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T19:34:43.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28803" CreationDate="2019-03-05T21:39:11.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been doing a quick reading up on this subject, and I seem to have discovered the problem. The name &lt;em&gt;Costa Alta&lt;/em&gt; is indeed found in both maps, but the region where this toponym appears is not the mid-eastern coast of the United States: it appears to be Florida! The latitudes indicated in Waldseemüller's map &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=2zZCAAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA78&amp;amp;ots=0oAunm4Rr_&amp;amp;pg=PA73#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;are not to be trusted&lt;/a&gt; with regards to North America (Schöner's doesn't show latitudes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1BNoo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1BNoo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantino_planisphere&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cantino map&lt;/a&gt; (1502), to which both of these owe a lot, has been shown to read &lt;em&gt;Costa Alva&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;Costa Alta&lt;/em&gt; in a non-retouched copy. &lt;em&gt;Alvo/a&lt;/em&gt;, modern Spanish &lt;em&gt;albo/a&lt;/em&gt;, means &quot;white&quot;, which would be consistent with the white sands of the Florida keys. In Waldseemüller's map there's a &lt;em&gt;Río de los largactos&lt;/em&gt; (sic) where Cantino has &lt;em&gt;Largartos&lt;/em&gt;, a Portuguese old form for &lt;em&gt;lagartos&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;lizards&quot;), meaning crocodiles, i.e. alligators, as found in Florida but not further north.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people appear to claim that W. and S., following Cantino, mistakenly labelled the North American coast with toponymics given by the Spaniards to Cuba. Others think &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jstor.org/stable/1150238?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it might be Yucatán&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is already far beyond the point of the question, but as you see, one can only speculate. &lt;em&gt;Costa Alta&lt;/em&gt; could be anywhere or it could be a mistake that stuck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T21:39:11.517" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19474" CreationDate="2019-03-06T01:20:05.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer by Diego doesn't fit with what I learned in Mexico.  I learned to say &quot;sí misma&quot; for objects, i.e. complements (not objects in the sense of &lt;em&gt;things&lt;/em&gt;) -- and &quot;usted misma&quot; for subjects, for example, &quot;Hágalo usted mismo&quot; which corresponds to DIY projects (&lt;em&gt;do it yourself&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wondered if this was a regionalism.  But I found a &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/08/10/eps/1533900395_612761.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;psychology article&lt;/a&gt; in the Spanish publication &lt;em&gt;El País Semanal&lt;/em&gt; with the title:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Usted se quiere a sí mismo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And along with this comes &lt;em&gt;consigo mismo/misma&lt;/em&gt; (which is also in the article).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By Diego's reasoning, logically, there would never be a &lt;em&gt;consigo mismo&lt;/em&gt;, since he concluded that objects need to be &lt;em&gt;usted mismo&lt;/em&gt;, which would then give us &quot;con usted mismo.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I agree with @charlie that in this particular example, we don't really need so much -- but there are situations, such as this article title, that do.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T01:20:05.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4284" CreationDate="2019-03-06T01:44:49.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's not the subject.  It's the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the way you asked the question, I have a feeling you were &lt;em&gt;thinking&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;object&lt;/strong&gt; but you maybe misspoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No lo haga usted por mí, hágalo por sí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Señora, ¿se acuerda usted de algo de lo que pasó antes de volver en sí?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Antes de querer al otro, tiene usted que aprender a quererse a sí mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; is the object of a preposition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;volver en sí&lt;/em&gt; is a special expression that means &lt;em&gt;to come around after having lost consciousness&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, &lt;em&gt;sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; is the object of the verb &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T01:44:49.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1427" CreationDate="2019-03-06T03:20:05.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think what was being asked was, is it okay to omit the subject &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; similarly to omitting other subject pronouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's often fine to do that, but this subject pronoun is omitted less often than others.  Including the optional subject pronoun tends to happen for a couple reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to eliminate ambiguity, since the conjugated verb by itself looks/sounds the same as for &lt;em&gt;he/she/it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to sound a bit more polite and flowery&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; used as an object tends to be omitted a bit less often too.  Compare, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya te dije.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya le dije a usted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Including &amp;quot;a usted,&amp;quot; which is optional (assuming the context has made clear who &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; refers to), softens the statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However: if one were to do this in 100% of one's sentences in a particular conversation, one might start to border on sounding obsequious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T03:20:05.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19998" CreationDate="2019-03-06T03:29:17.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a close friend from Ecuador, who &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; uses &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; with me.  My friend explained that their upbringing inculcated the custom of using &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; with almost 100% of everyone they dealt with.  I guess the exception would be when talking to a small child who is a relative or a close friend -- but I even have a hard time imagining my friend using &lt;em&gt;tú&lt;/em&gt; in that situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This related answer adds to what @DGaleano was explaining: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22491/9385&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/22491/9385&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-03-06T03:38:24.537" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T03:38:24.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2121" CreationDate="2019-03-06T03:55:21.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the best answer here is that written by @MauricioMartinez.  I will write a supplemental answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before proposing or initiating a change (yes, as you get closer to the person, at some point it will often happen that &quot;tú&quot; feels right and &quot;usted&quot; no longer feels right, and things will morph without any fanfare), it's a good idea to observe how this person and the other people in this setting speak to each other while you're considering trying to change your footing with this person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many factors that can affect the other person's comfort level in using the informal with you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;region where you are interacting&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;region the person grew up in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the vibe in general (some historical periods tend more towards &quot;tú&quot; than some others)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;your age and the other person's age, and the difference between the two ages&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;power difference between the two of you -- for example, if someone comes in to clean your house once a week, it is quite unlikely this person will ever &quot;tutea&quot; you, so if I were you I wouldn't even try&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gender -- if you're of the same gender, &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; becomes more likely&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;whether you and your colleague do things together outside work -- for example, if you help this person carry a heavy sofa up to a second story apartment, you will probably shift into &lt;em&gt;tuteo&lt;/em&gt; pretty quickly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;whether one or both of you are from the developed world such as US or Europe -&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;people are more likely to use &quot;tú&quot; with &lt;em&gt;gringos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen relationships in which the forcing or pushing of &quot;tú&quot; on another person is part of a bullying situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A gentle way of coaxing the relationship over into the &quot;tú&quot; realm is to introduce a third person into the mix.  For example, let's say you have two colleagues, A and B.  You are on &quot;tú&quot; terms with A, but not with B yet.  If you then find yourself (or arrange to find yourself) in a reasonably extended conversation with both A and B, and A and B are already comfortable &lt;em&gt;tuteándose&lt;/em&gt;, then it will be pretty effortless to morph over with B.  (Assuming there are no gender or power factors that would override other considerations.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T03:55:21.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28409" CreationDate="2019-03-06T06:40:58.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me temo que no hay una palabra, en español, para referirse a lo que preguntas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo interesante en la pregunta que planteas, creo yo, es que la palabra que da origen a tu duda —&lt;code&gt;catar&lt;/code&gt;— es única al idioma español y, además,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; se ha usado históricamente para referirse a la &lt;strong&gt;acción de probar un alimento o una bebida&lt;/strong&gt; para gustar de su sazón.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; De allí, que en ciertos contextos, resulte extraño, con toda razón, hablar de una &quot;cata olfativa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, dado lo que mencionan en los comentarios de tu pregunta (que hay quien habla de catas de perfumes, o, como tal, la cata olfativa de alguna bebida, como el vino), podemos estar ante un &lt;strong&gt;neologismo semántico&lt;/strong&gt;, en donde el significado de la palabra &lt;code&gt;catar&lt;/code&gt; se modifica para ser más amplio: no sólo se trata de degustar alimentos, pero, en general, examinar y experimentar las cualidades de algo (como un perfume, una especia, una bebida, etc.) Y como ocurre en la mayoría de los neologismos semánticos, esto muy probablemente se debe al uso particular de la palabra en algún área técnica o artística.&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Su raíz etimológica (&lt;em&gt;captāre&lt;/em&gt;) no derivó en palabras semánticamente equivalentes en otros idiomas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Una búsqueda en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://ntlle.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUIMenuNtlle?cmd=Lema&amp;amp;sec=1.0.0.0.0.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; señala que las entradas más antiguas de la palabra &lt;code&gt;catar&lt;/code&gt; la definen como sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;mirar&lt;/code&gt; o como la acción de &lt;code&gt;probar o gustar un alimento&lt;/code&gt; (siglo XVII). Esta definición se mantuvo constante a lo largo del tiempo (salvo, claro está, por la parte de &lt;code&gt;catar&lt;/code&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;code&gt;mirar&lt;/code&gt;). Lo mismo ocurre al hacer una búsqueda en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.corpus.unam.mx:8080/unificado/index.jsp?c=chem#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Córpus Histórico del Español de México&lt;/a&gt; —como punto de referencia no Ibérico—. Esto sugiere que el significado de la palabra (entendida como la acción de probar alimentos o bebdias) se ha mantenido &quot;constante&quot; a lo largo del tiempo y el espacio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Los neologismos semánticos son un fenómeno de la lengua que ya ha sido previamente estudiado. Es el mismo proceso que nos dio expresiones adverbiales como &quot;&lt;code&gt;matar el rato&lt;/code&gt;&quot; o palabras con nuevos significados, como &lt;code&gt;azafata&lt;/code&gt; (en el sentido de &lt;code&gt;aeromoza&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T06:40:58.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28409" CreationDate="2019-03-06T11:10:56.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La página de Wikipedia sobre &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cata_de_vinos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cata de &lt;strong&gt;vinos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; define la cata como un proceso que consta de tres fases: visual, olfativa y gustativa (por ese orden).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El temario de las asignaturas de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://aps.unirioja.es/GuiasDocentes/servlet/agetguiahtml?2018-19,703G,544&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Análisis sensorial&lt;/a&gt;&quot; y &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://aps.unirioja.es/GuiasDocentes/servlet/agetguiahtml?2018-19,703G,547&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ampliación de Análisis sensorial&lt;/a&gt;&quot; del Grado de Enología de la Universidad de La Rioja incluyen la vista y el olfato como partes integrales del proceso de cata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El temario de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asignaturas.uca.es/asig/40212021/?titul=40212&amp;amp;asign=40212021&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Análisis sensorial&lt;/a&gt;&quot; para el Grado en Química y Enología de la Universidad de Cádiz prefiere usar el término &quot;análisis sensorial&quot;, pero también incluye la fase olfativa dentro del proceso. Ídem para los Grados en Enología de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://moodle.urv.cat/docnet/guia_docent/index.php?centre=19&amp;amp;ensenyament=1922&amp;amp;assignatura=19224107&amp;amp;fitxa_apartat=57&amp;amp;any_academic=2018_19&amp;amp;any_academic=2018_19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Universidad de Tarragona&lt;/a&gt;, de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://alojamientos.uva.es/guia_docente/uploads/2018/444/42042/1/Documento.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Universidad de Palencia / Valladolid [PDF]&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Son &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.catadelvino.com/blog-cata-vino/la-cata-de-vino-cual-es-su-definicion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;varias&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aromasenmicopa.com/2012/09/definicion-y-tipos-de-cata/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;las&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eventosalicante.org/2014/11/26/uso-y-ciencia-de-la-cata/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;páginas&lt;/a&gt; que tachan la definición de 'cata' hallada en el DLE como demasiado restrictiva, y prefieren usar la de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.afnor.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Asociación Francesa de Normalización&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Operación que consiste en analizar y apreciar los caracteres organolépticos, y más concretamente, las características olfativas y gustativas de un producto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición, que además está recogida en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aenor.com/normas-y-libros/buscador-de-normas/une/?c=N0045382&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;norma ISO 5492:2010&lt;/a&gt;, incluye igualmente la prueba olfativa como parte del proceso de cata.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lo mismo sucede si abrimos el abanico y consultamos la &lt;a href=&quot;http://icaformacion.com/genera_pdf.php?idc=18674&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formación&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.escueladecata.com/escueladecata/Cursos/Cursos%20presenciales/CursosNewsModule/displayNews/3f00190e6e9199bf6663479ca5e15887/96ca62a499ce6d1b6acd62da09e3c224&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;relacionada&lt;/a&gt; con la cata de &lt;strong&gt;otros alimentos&lt;/strong&gt; como el chocolate o el queso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos salimos del ámbito de lo alimentario y nos vamos a algo puramente olfativo como son los &lt;strong&gt;perfumes&lt;/strong&gt;, vemos que incluso aquí se usa en ocasiones el término 'cata' en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.clarin.com/ciudades/Lecciones-olfato-cata-perfumes_0_HJgTpv-C.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;noticias&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telva.com/2016/08/29/belleza/1472456031.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eventos&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lesecretdumarais.com/blog/catas-de-perfumes-cursos-y-talleres-olfativos-en-le-secret-du-marais/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cursos&lt;/a&gt;, aun siendo un análisis que necesariamente excluye el sentido del gusto y se centra en el del olfato.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Revisando la oferta formativa y contenidos del &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.isipca.fr/formations-scientifiques-techniques/european-fragrance-and-cosmetics-master-university-degree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Institut supérieur international du parfum, de la cosmétique et de l'aromatique alimentaire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uess.fr/formations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Université Européenne Des Saveurs &amp;amp; des Senteurs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y de la &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bsp.org.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;British Society of Perfumes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, no he identificado ningún término específico para referirse a estas catas olfativas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi conclusión es que los términos usados hoy en día son: &quot;cata&quot; y &quot;análisis sensorial&quot;. El primero es más popular y puede referirse a catas completas (vista, gusto, olfato e incluso tacto) o parciales; el segundo parece restringido a ámbitos técnicos o académicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cabe resaltar que las especias son un producto alimentario que puede ser olido, pero también tocado y probado; una cata de especias puede incluir las tres fases. Si la limitamos a solo una de las fases, sigue siendo una cata, pero limitada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, en mi opinión &quot;cata olfativa&quot; es el término mejor y más adecuado en este caso, e hiciste bien en emplearlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T11:10:56.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28803" CreationDate="2019-03-06T13:02:05.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I understand this now means &quot;high coast&quot;, as in mountaineous, and am wondering if there are any other possible interpretations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, for a start it does not need to mean strictly mountainous; in Spanish &lt;em&gt;costa alta&lt;/em&gt; is indeed used to mean a rocky coast with cliffs, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=27ieUu8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;alta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; can also mean just &quot;elevated&quot; or &quot;above&quot; in comparison to some other place.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It doesn't even need to be a geological elevation: compare &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADas_Altas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rías Altas&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADas_Baixas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rías Bajas&lt;/a&gt; here in Spain, where &lt;em&gt;altas&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;bajas&lt;/em&gt; just mean northern and southern (kind of).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It can also mean &quot;closer to the source of a water course&quot;, like in &lt;em&gt;vega alta&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;vega baja&lt;/em&gt; (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_Alta,_Puerto_Rico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vega Alta&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_Baja,_Puerto_Rico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vega Baja&lt;/a&gt; in Puerto Rico, or Vega &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_Alta_del_Segura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alta&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_Media_del_Segura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Media&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_Baja_del_Segura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Baja&lt;/a&gt; del Segura here in Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be that segment of coast was originally more elevated above sea level, or named in reference to southern parts of the coast, or closer to some now-disappeared river.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Or it may just be a transcription error from &quot;Costa Alba&quot; as suggested in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28807/13628&quot;&gt;Pablo's answer&lt;/a&gt;, which seems quite plausible to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-06T13:02:05.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-06T16:30:25.243" Score="7" ViewCount="1370" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hoy en una charla alguien ha usado esta expresión y me ha parecido una buena pregunta para el &lt;em&gt;stack&lt;/em&gt;. Le he echado un vistazo al DRAE para la entrada de &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BQQYOon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuadro&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; y me he encontrado, que sea relevante, con las acepción&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. En un espectáculo teatral, grupo de intérpretes que &lt;strong&gt;en algunos momentos permanecen estáticos&lt;/strong&gt; ante el público.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y entre las locuciones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cuadro vivo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Representación de una obra de arte o de una escena por personas que permanecen inmóviles y en silencio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(curioso que se llame &amp;quot;cuadro &lt;strong&gt;vivo&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; precisamente cuando los actores permanecen &amp;quot;inmóviles y en silencio.&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;estar, o quedarse, en cuadro (que no &amp;quot;a cuadros&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que viene a significar &amp;quot;Quedar reducido a un corto número de miembros.&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;Haber perdido su familia o sus bienes de fortuna, quedándose aislado&amp;quot; / &amp;quot;Estar, o quedarse, sin tropa, conservando sus jefes, oficiales, sargentos y cabos&amp;quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y curiosamente &amp;quot;quedarse &lt;strong&gt;a cuadros&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; no viene. Quizá se usa solo en España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Viendo esas acepciones y locuciones, podría entenderse que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me he &lt;strong&gt;quedado a cuadros&lt;/strong&gt;. Estoy muy sorprendido y extrañado&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede venir de esas representaciones donde los actores &amp;quot;permanecen estáticos y en silencio&amp;quot; (me he quedado tan sorprendido que estoy inmóvil y en silencio, como una estatua) pero no cuadra del todo que la locución sea &amp;quot;a cuadros&amp;quot; en lugar de &amp;quot;en cuadro&amp;quot; (y &amp;quot;quedarse a cuadro&amp;quot; tiene su propio significado, que es diferente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que un cuadro es también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Composición pictórica desarrollada sobre lienzo, madera, papel, etc., generalmente enmarcada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;puede ser que tenga algo que ver también con el &amp;quot;quedarse estático&amp;quot;, pero de nuevo, no decimos &amp;quot;quedarse como un cuadro&amp;quot; si no &amp;quot;a cuadros&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es entonces el origen de la expresión &amp;quot;quedarse a cuadros&amp;quot; para indicar sorpresa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T14:06:27.317" Title="¿Por qué cuando algo nos sorprende decimos que &quot;nos quedamos a cuadros&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28819" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28820" CreationDate="2019-03-07T03:38:53.207" Score="6" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain the word order in the sentence below and help me understand the grammar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mamá siempre me compra muñecas. &lt;sub&gt;My mom always buys me dolls.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although incorrect, I keep wanting to parse it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi mamá me siempre compra muñecas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because I'm confused about word order with Spanish pronouns and adverbs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17713" LastEditorUserId="17713" LastEditDate="2019-03-10T02:08:41.020" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T02:08:41.020" Title="Word order with pronouns and adverbs in Spanish" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;adverbios&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28819" CreationDate="2019-03-07T03:47:47.773" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;In modern Spanish, unstressed pronouns (that is,  &lt;em&gt;me, te, se, le, lo, la, nos, os, les, los, las&lt;/em&gt;) must always come either directly before (with a space) or directly after (without a space) a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By placing &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; in front of &lt;em&gt;siempre&lt;/em&gt;, we violate that rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I did say modern Spanish. It is possible to find examples of exactly the order you describe in the first part of the 1500s and before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La razón que me siempre dexistes (Amadís de Gaula, 1482).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;entended señor en me siempre ayudar (trad. de Crónica de Aragón, 1499).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e ell ángel que me siempre guardó de todo mal bendiga estos niños (Alfonso X, c. 1275)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-07T13:00:24.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28821" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28850" CreationDate="2019-03-07T14:54:52.767" Score="9" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; es cuando un proyecto, empresa o negocio obtiene fondos a base de pequeñas pero numerosas aportaciones de personas particulares.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Estas aportaciones pueden ser a cambio de algo (un producto futuro, algún tipo de privilegio) o a modo de donación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué término en español sería el más adecuado para nombrar esta práctica?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T15:25:13.010" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T15:25:13.010" Title="Traducción de &quot;crowdfunding&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;economía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28821" CreationDate="2019-03-07T14:57:48.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Etimológicamente, &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; está formada por &lt;em&gt;crowd&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;funding&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Crowd&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a la multitud, a algo colectivo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;funding&lt;/em&gt; es financiación. Por tanto, yo sugeriría:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;microfinanciación colectiva&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundéu habló de ello en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/crowdfunding-mejor-financiacion-colectiva-financiacion-popularo-suscripcion-popular-982/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;microfinanciación (colectiva)&lt;/em&gt;, alternativa a &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;microfinanciación (colectiva)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es una alternativa preferible al término inglés &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt;, que se emplea a menudo para referirse al mecanismo de financiación de proyectos por medio de pequeñas aportaciones económicas de una gran cantidad de personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la lengua general, el anglicismo &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; puede sustituirse por la voz española &lt;em&gt;microfinanciación&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;microfinanciación colectiva&lt;/em&gt; si es necesario resaltar que son muchos los que contribuyen con estas pequeñas aportaciones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También pueden emplearse otras alternativas que se adapten mejor a cada caso concreto, como &lt;em&gt;financiación popular&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;micromecenazgo&lt;/em&gt; (voz en general relacionada con actividades culturales, artísticas o científicas). El &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; es un sistema que entronca asimismo con la tradicional suscripción popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vemos pues que &lt;em&gt;microfinanciación&lt;/em&gt; carece de la partícula que indique que es algo colectivo, de ahí que a mí me guste más algo tan explícito como &lt;em&gt;microfinanciación colectiva&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-07T14:57:48.747" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28821" CreationDate="2019-03-07T15:56:47.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;El término que suelo emplear, y que a su vez pienso que es el más utilizado, es &lt;strong&gt;micromecenazgo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micromecenazgo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micromecenazgo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;micromecenazgo&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; o financiación colectiva, es un&#xA;  mecanismo colaborativo de financiación de proyectos. El mismo&#xA;  prescinde de la tradicional intermediación financiera, y consiste en&#xA;  poner en contacto promotores de proyectos que demandan fondos mediante&#xA;  la emisión de valores y participaciones sociales o mediante la&#xA;  solicitud de préstamos, con inversores u ofertantes de fondos que&#xA;  buscan en la inversión un rendimiento. En dicha actividad sobresalen&#xA;  dos características, como son: la unión masiva de inversores que&#xA;  financian con cantidades reducidas pequeños proyectos de alto&#xA;  potencial y el carácter arriesgado de dicha inversión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19992" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-12T09:50:01.423" LastActivityDate="2019-03-12T09:50:01.423" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28831" CreationDate="2019-03-07T17:58:43.133" Score="6" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de publicar en Meta la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/3044/5481&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Sobre qué elementos de revisión debemos evitar los mods ejercer el “&lt;strong&gt;binding vote&lt;/strong&gt;”?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, en la que explico un poco qué son los &lt;em&gt;binding votes&lt;/em&gt; que tenemos los moderadores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un privilegio para la moderación por el que, en lugar de esperar a tener consenso, realiza la acción. Por ejemplo: no espera a tener 5 votos para cerrar una pregunta; la puede cerrar con un único voto de moderador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo mejor que se me ha ocurrido para traducirlo es &quot;votos de decisión unilaterales&quot;, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b5mUhhw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unilateral&lt;/a&gt; no creo que recoja del todo las particularidades del &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt;. Tampoco es que sea &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=LBE5FH6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inapelable&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, aunque en inglés se defina una &lt;em&gt;binding decision&lt;/em&gt; como: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A decision that binds the parties affected by it and that they may not appeal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que viene a significar más &quot;impuesto&quot; que &quot;inapelable&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se puede interpretar que &lt;em&gt;binding&lt;/em&gt; tiene el sentido de atar o unir cosas juntas, pero en este caso no creo que un &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt; una los votos o la voluntad de los usuarios, porque precisamente se podría oponer a cualquier número de otros votos y ejercer la acción.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podría traducirse como &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BxPNBIF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decisivo&lt;/a&gt;&quot; ya que &quot;decide o resuelve&quot; (primera acepción), pero dada la segunda acepción (&quot;Que tiene consecuencias importantes&quot;) podría interpretarse como que el voto fue &quot;importante y necesario&quot; para realizar la acción, en lugar de &quot;suficiente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Voto decisivo&quot; es lo mejor que se me ocurre a mí, pero tal vez alguien tenga una idea o propuesta mejor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cómo traducir &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T09:40:51.810" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T00:56:57.763" Title="¿Cómo traducir &quot;binding vote&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28824" CreationDate="2019-03-07T22:33:21.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo la sugerencia de Diego, me propongo traducir &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt; sin respetar la traducción habitual de la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;binding&lt;/em&gt; en un contexto similar, que es &lt;em&gt;vinculante&lt;/em&gt; (por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/binding+referendum.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;binding referendum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;consulta vinculante&quot;), con el significado de &quot;que obliga a ejecutar la voluntad expresada o el consenso alcanzado&quot;, aun cuando &lt;em&gt;vincular&lt;/em&gt; no tenga realmente relación con &lt;em&gt;obligar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;bind&lt;/em&gt; significa tanto &quot;unir, enlazar&quot; como &quot;atar, sujetar&quot;. Aquí es fácil ver la relación. Creo que la idea de llamarle &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt; a este supervoto de los moderadores tiene que ver con la segunda acepción. Algo que es &lt;em&gt;binding&lt;/em&gt; está &quot;atado&quot; y no puede moverse. Quien propuso este nombre debe haber priorizado esta idea (que el voto de un moderador no puede ser anulado por los usuarios) antes que la que menciona Diego (que el voto de un moderador basta para hacer algo que requeriría el acuerdo de varios usuarios). Esta acepción aparece en un famoso pasaje de la Biblia (Mt 16:19): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and&#xA;  whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and&#xA;  whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y a ti te daré las llaves del reino de los cielos; y todo lo que&#xA;  atares en la tierra será atado en los cielos; y todo lo que desatares&#xA;  en la tierra será desatado en los cielos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apuntando a las susodichas llaves, una posibilidad sería traducir &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;voto de cierre&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (aunque esto podría confundirse con el voto para cerrar [&lt;em&gt;close&lt;/em&gt;] una pregunta). &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voto decisivo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; no me suena del todo bien, porque tiene otros matices (como indica Diego); en su lugar propondría &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;voto &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BxRKuuP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;decisorio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que suena más &quot;legal&quot; y tiene una única acepción. Cabe también quedarse con una opción más sencilla y llamarlo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;supervoto&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si vamos al caso, en realidad, este &quot;voto&quot; no es tanto un voto como una decisión directa, pero no se me ocurre otra palabra que transmita mejor la idea (¿&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;acción decisoria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tal vez?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T10:30:32.150" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T10:30:32.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-08T01:34:44.657" Score="1" ViewCount="5687" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo dudas sobre cómo puntuar la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pesar de eso parecen ser personas confiables y poco a poco comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Específicamente, me pregunto si debe ir coma después de la locución adverbial &quot;a pesar de eso&quot;, o antes de &quot;y&quot;, o si deben ir ambas comas o sólo una de las dos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pesar de eso, parecen ser personas confiables y poco a poco comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poner sólo la coma después de &quot;a pesar de eso&quot; no me suena del todo correcto, porque pareciera significar que &quot;a pesar de eso&quot; modifica las dos partes de la oración: &quot;A pesar de eso, parecen ser personas confiables&quot; y &quot;A pesar de eso, poco a poco comienzan a abrirse un poco más&quot; (en este caso sólo la primera oración es cierta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero si pongo una coma antes de la &quot;y&quot; para delimitar que &quot;a pesar de eso&quot; sólo aplica a lo anterior a esta coma, estaría colocando coma antes de la conjunción &quot;y&quot;, lo cual creo que no está permitido (¿tal vez punto y coma?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además dudo si separar el &quot;poco a poco&quot; con comas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... confiables y, poco a poco, comienzan a...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ... confiables, y poco a poco, comienzan a...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ... confiables, y poco a poco comienzan a...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21330" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T09:55:44.440" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T09:55:44.440" Title="Ayuda con las comas en esta frase (coma antes de y / después de locución adverbial)" Tags="&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28828" CreationDate="2019-03-08T01:52:11.837" Score="3" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across a sentence in &lt;em&gt;Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal&lt;/em&gt; that has me a bit puzzled:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Se estaba imaginando cosas? ¿O podría todo aquello tener algo que ver&#xA;  con los Potter? Si &lt;strong&gt;fuera&lt;/strong&gt; así... si se &lt;strong&gt;descubría&lt;/strong&gt; que ellos eran&#xA;  parientes de unos... bueno, creía que no podría soportarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm learning Spanish after having learned French, and I thought it was interesting that the &lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt; clauses in the French are a bit simpler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mr Dursley imaginait-il des choses ? Tout cela avait-il un lien avec&#xA;  les Potter ? Si c’&lt;strong&gt;était&lt;/strong&gt; le cas... S’il s’&lt;strong&gt;avérait&lt;/strong&gt; qu’ils étaient parents&#xA;  avec des... Non, il ne pourrait jamais le supporter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does one decide in Spanish whether to use the imperfect subjunctive (&lt;em&gt;fuera&lt;/em&gt;) or the imperfect indicative (&lt;em&gt;se descubría&lt;/em&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T09:47:43.807" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T21:52:19.897" Title="Using the imperfect indicative vs. subjunctive with &quot;si&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28827" CreationDate="2019-03-08T02:19:38.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si &lt;strong&gt;era&lt;/strong&gt; así... si se descubría que ellos eran parientes de unos... bueno, creía que no podría soportarlo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The imperfect indicative sounds more realistic, and is always past, while the imperfect subjunctive sounds more hypothetical and may point to the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't like is &quot;creía&quot;: I'd do away with it and write just &quot;no podría soportarlo&quot;, but the original must have required the introduction of that verb of thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to your original sentence, let's see the two variants with their interpretations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si era así, no podría soportarlo. (If it was --in fact-- like that, he wouldn't be able to cope with it).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si fuera así, no podría soportarlo. (Past meaning: If it happened to be like that, he wouldn't be able to cope with it / Present or future meaning: If it was/were like that, he wouldn't be able to cope with it.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Thank you, Alan, for your patience and for providing the English version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the basis of the English version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Was he imagining things? Could all this have anything to do with the Potters? If it did . . . if it got out that they were related to a pair of — well, he didn’t think he could bear it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is clear that &quot;did&quot; refers to the &lt;strong&gt;actual possibility&lt;/strong&gt; of that situation having to do with the Potters, and &quot;Si era así&quot; conveys that idea precisely, as does &quot;si se descubría&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the translator chose to write &quot;si así fuera&quot;, and I have to say it also sounds right, &lt;strong&gt;only rendering that possibility more remote&lt;/strong&gt;. However, &quot;si se descubriera&quot; would sound, if not wrong, at least awkward, and that is because of the presence of &quot;creía&quot; and because &quot;could&quot; is more of a backshifted future than an actual conditional of the kind we have in present-time conditional sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If my neighbors were burglars, I don't think I could bear it / I couldn't bear it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point is that the conditional sentence both in English and Spanish expresses an &lt;strong&gt;actual possibility&lt;/strong&gt; in the past rather than a hypothetical situation, it being possible to paraphrase it as: &lt;strong&gt;If it was the case&lt;/strong&gt; that it did and it got out that they were related to a pair of — well, he didn’t think he could bear it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in Spanish we can use the imperfect indicative instead of the imperfect subjunctive to express a possible state of affairs in the past. Under these circumstances, I think only &quot;fuera&quot; could fit in there, while any other verb in the imperfect subjunctive would sound odd, my natural instinct as a native speaker being to use imperfect indicative for any verb other than &quot;ser&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To further prove my point that the conditional sentence in question is set in the real past rather than in a hypothetical present or future where only the subjunctive is allowed, let 's imagine a condition with &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; in the third person singular: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Harry was (NOT were) a wizard, he didn't think he could bear it. (Si Harry era un brujo, no creía que podría/pudiera soportarlo.) -&gt; This is clearly set in a real past, hence the impossibility to use &quot;were&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, if the conditional is set in a hypothetical present or future, &quot;were&quot; can be used in English, and &quot;fuera&quot; is required in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Harry was/were a wizard, I don't think I could bear it. (Si Harry fuera un brujo, no creo que podría/pudiera soportarlo.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T21:52:19.897" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T21:52:19.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28826" CreationDate="2019-03-08T02:37:43.370" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;La entrada sobre el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=coma&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;uso de la coma en el Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; puede ayudarte. Particularmente, creo que estos puntos son pertinentes para tu pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1&lt;/strong&gt; Deben utilizarse dos comas, una delante del comienzo del inciso y otra al final [...] en aposiciones explicativas [...] o cuaqluier otra clase de comentario, explicación o precisión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2.11&lt;/strong&gt; Se escribe coma detrás de determinados enlaces como &lt;em&gt;esto es, es decir, a saber, pues bien, ahora bien, en primer lugar, por un/otro lado, por una/otra parte, en fin, por último, además, con todo, en tal caso, sin embargo, no obstante, por el contrario, en cambio&lt;/em&gt; y otros similares, así como detrás de muchos adverbios o locuciones adverbiales que modifican a toda la oración y no solo a uno de sus elementos. [Por ejemplo:] Por lo tanto, los que no tengan invitación no podrán entrar al recinto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debes poner coma después de &lt;code&gt;A pesar de eso&lt;/code&gt; porque es una locución adverbial que modifica todo el sentido de la oración. Piénsalo de esta manera: &lt;em&gt;sin que lo expresado anteriormente sirva de impedimento&lt;/em&gt;, parecen ser personas confiables y comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puedes poner comas al rededor de &lt;code&gt;poco a poco&lt;/code&gt; porque se trata de una aposición explicativa que no guarda relación sintáctica alguna con la oración principal  (particularmente, una locución adverbial que nos indica cómo [ellos] comienzan a abrirse). Sabemos que no guarda relación sintáctica con la oración principal porque puedes extraer &lt;code&gt;poco a poco&lt;/code&gt; y la oración sigue siendo coherente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parecen ser personas confiables y, &lt;strong&gt;poco a poco&lt;/strong&gt;, comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parecen ser personas confiables y comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Retomando lo mencionado, sugiero que la mejor manera de escribir tu enunciado es esta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pesar de eso, parecen ser personas confiables y, poco a poco, comienzan a abrirse un poco más.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T02:44:03.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28827" CreationDate="2019-03-08T03:40:25.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (the &quot;official&quot; Spanish dictionary on frequent grammatical, lexical, and orthographical questions), &lt;strong&gt;you can use both the imperfect subjunctive&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;fuera&lt;/code&gt;) &lt;strong&gt;or the imperfect indicative&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;se descubría&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;: they are interchangeable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; Si la condición se refiere al presente o al futuro, la prótasis va en pretérito imperfecto o copretérito de subjuntivo y la apódosis en condicional simple o pospretérito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; If the conditional sentence refers to hypothetical situations in the present or the future,  the &lt;em&gt;if clause&lt;/em&gt; must use the imperfect indicative or the imperfect subjunctive, and the &lt;em&gt;main clause&lt;/em&gt; must use the conditional. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I would disagree with Gustavson's answer. The use of the imperfect indicative or the imperfect subjunctive doesn't really matter. &lt;strong&gt;Both sentences would be semantically the same since both are expressing an hypothetical situations in the present or the future.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading the comments, I think that it can be confusing (or at least counter intuitive) using a past tense (indicative imperfect or subjunctive imperfect) to talk about present or future hypothetical actions. Therefore, I think it's worth mentioning these things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you get confuse, the tense of a conditional sentence is more easily deduced by the form of the verb in the &lt;em&gt;main clause&lt;/em&gt;. As cited before, in Spanish, if the conditional sentence refers to hypothetical situations in the present or the future, the if clause must use the imperfect indicative or the imperfect subjunctive, and the main clause must use the conditional. For example: Si me &lt;strong&gt;tocara/tocase&lt;/strong&gt; (indicative imperfect/imperfect) la lotería, me &lt;strong&gt;compraría&lt;/strong&gt; (conditional) un coche. Note how the &lt;em&gt;main clause&lt;/em&gt; (Me compraría un coche), is in conditional (clearly denoting a present or future hypothetical scenario).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of tenses (like past imperfect) in situations where the temporality of the action doesn't match the verb tense is a phenomenon quite common in Languages (like English and French, for example). In Spanish it's called &quot;&lt;strong&gt;uso desplazado (o dislocado) de los tiempos verbales&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. You can read more about it &lt;a href=&quot;https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/16363015.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://materialesdelenguablog.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/estilc3adstica-tiemposverbales.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. This is the reason why in Spanish and in French we have to use the &lt;strong&gt;past imperfect&lt;/strong&gt; to talk about a &lt;strong&gt;present or future hypothesis&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;conditionnel présent&lt;/em&gt;) or why we can use the &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; to talk about &lt;strong&gt;past actions&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presente_hist%C3%B3rico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Presente histórico&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sent_historique&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Présent historique&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_present&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Historical present&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you really want to talk about past hypothetical actions, like Gustavson mistakenly argues you can do with the imperfect, you have to use the  &lt;strong&gt;pretérito pluscuamperfecto&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;antepretérito de subjuntivo&lt;/strong&gt;. For example: Si &lt;strong&gt;hubiera/hubiese terminado&lt;/strong&gt; los estudios, hoy tendría un trabajo mejor. Again, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=uqFr1XT7vD6KF3oDZL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this is a grammatical rule that you can check in the Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-03-08T14:24:34.473" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T14:24:34.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28824" CreationDate="2019-03-08T06:35:28.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como veo que Pablo ya ha propuesto &quot;voto decisorio&quot; y, en cierta manera, &quot;voto vinculante&quot;, me gustaría aportar la tercera de las alternativas que se me habían ocurrido:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;voto de oro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El calificativo &quot;de oro&quot; se aplica en ocasiones a elementos que tienen un efecto decisorio superior al habitual, como en &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JIGLloV&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gol de oro&lt;/a&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0KZwLbE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;acción de oro&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Concretamente, para &quot;acción de oro&quot; la Wikipedia da &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acci%C3%B3n_de_oro&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta definición&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La acción de oro es una acción nominal que permite a su poseedor vencer a todas las demás acciones y accionistas en una votación bajo ciertas circunstancias.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo cual, si sustituimos &quot;acción&quot; por &quot;voto&quot;, creo que es la definición casi exacta de lo que es un &lt;em&gt;binding vote&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T06:35:28.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15801" CreationDate="2019-03-08T11:05:02.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As fedorqui has mentioned, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tungsten&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wolfram&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolfram&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; are the names for the same chemical element.  Without repeating what he has written, but acknowledging it at the same time (and including some additional information I think would be helpful), here's my answer to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;English standards set&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, tungsten is now the standard term for the element wolfram.  In 2005, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itia.info/about-itia.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... decided to use the term tungsten instead of wolfram; but &quot;W&quot; remains the chemical symbol of the element.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Source: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itia.info/about-tungsten.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About Tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; International Tungsten Industry Association&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that IUPAC governs the naming of elements, not minerals, and that wolfram's first meaning (as listed in Merriam-Webster) is simply a variant of &quot;wolframite&quot; (not tungsten).  Although wolframite is the main source of the metal tungsten, tungsten is an &lt;em&gt;element&lt;/em&gt; of it, not another name for it.  To make matters more confusing, wolfram can also be a synonym of the element tungsten (and not the mineral wolframite), but this is a secondary meaning.  It may help to have a solid understanding of the difference between a mineral and an element.  If you need a refresher, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-mineral-and-element/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; should help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Spanish standards set&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While standards have been somewhat set into stone in English, and those countries that adhere to the standards set forth by IUPAC are likely to use &quot;tungsten&quot; or the equivalent word in each country's respective language, &lt;strong&gt;in Spanish, it doesn't appear that one single term has been decided upon.&lt;/strong&gt;  Two names for this element are recognized by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royal Spanish Academy [Real Academia Española](RAE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=av9W2ak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tungsteno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=c6rBYnL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;volframio&quot; is also recognized by the RAE.  In fact, according to this source &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=LvlRAQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22tungsten%22&amp;amp;dq=%22tungsten%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjrxKO52PHgAhXxwMQHHZmZDOoQ6AEIXzAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... should be spelt with a “v” in Spanish, not with a “w”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;presumably because the word &lt;em&gt;Wolfram&lt;/em&gt;, the word from which this element's name is derived, is German and in the German language, a &quot;w&quot; is pronounced like a &quot;v.&quot;  Even so, &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=wolfram%2C+w%C3%B3lfram%2C+wolframio%2C+volfram%2C+v%C3%B3lfram%2C+volframio&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cwolfram%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cw%C3%B3lfram%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cwolframio%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cvolfram%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cvolframio%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;it doesn't appear that this spelling convention (and other alternatives I've seen) ever became very popular.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly enough, Spain is one of the four Spanish-speaking countries affiliated with IUPAC.  (The other three are Costa Rica, Peru, and Uruguay.  Puerto Rico is also considered an affiliate.)  Spain is affiliated with it through its &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spanish Royal Society of Chemistry [Real Sociedad Española de Química (RSEQ)]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and, surprisingly enough, an advanced search of its pages indicates that &quot;wolframio&quot; is preferred over &quot;tungsteno&quot; and by quite a bit (7:1).  One of its publications is actually titled &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Jornadas sobre Wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;  In fact, its sequicentennial will be celebrated in Salamanca next month.  You can see more details about it &lt;a href=&quot;https://rseq.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/WolframioSalamanca.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Centro Nacional de Alta Tecnología (CeNAT), the organization through which Costa Rica is associated with IUPAC, has both a Spanish and English version of its website, but the word &quot;tungsten&quot; didn't produce any results on either the English or Spanish version of its site, and neither did &quot;wolframio.&quot;  The word &quot;wolfram&quot; did produce two articles, but they were simply citations from www.wolfram.com, the site for the software company founded by Stephen Wolfram.  Nothing showed up for searches of the Sociedad Chilena de Química, the Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas (PEDECIBA), or the Colegio de Químicos de Puerto Rico, the organizations through which Chile, Uruguay, and Puerto Rico, respectively, are affiliated with IUPAC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as far as setting any standards with terms for chemical elements, this looks as if it is restricted to IUPAC and compliance is voluntary, but I'll say a lot more about regional usage of these terms before I finish answering your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now, suffice it to say I could find no evidence that the RAE ever recognized the following as Spanish words: tungsten, volfram, vólfram.  On the other hand, the following appear to have been recognized at some point in time: tungsteno, wolframio, wolfram, and volframio.  And currently, the RAE recognizes these four:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;tungsteno - wólfram - wolframio - volframio&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;although &quot;wólfram&quot; refers you to &quot;wolframio&quot; and it is mentioned that &quot;volframio&quot; is seldom used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should add that the Spanish-speaking world isn't completely devoid of attempting to set standards for scientific names.  At one point in time, it appears that the word &quot;tungsten,&quot; spelled just like the English word by the same name for the same thing was adopted by at least some in the Spanish-speaking scientific community.  That's what &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=tungsten%2Ctungsteno&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Ctungsten%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctungsteno%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Ctungsten%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ctungsteno%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this Google Ngram&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; seems to indicate anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as late as 2011, &quot;tungsten&quot; was still in use on Spanish Wikipedia, but this was questioned by a couple of Wikipedia contributors.  The solution, if you read &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discusi%C3%B3n:Wolframio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the Spanish discussion page fedorqui referenced&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, was simply to rename the page &quot;Wolframio&quot; and now the first line of that article reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El wolframio o volframio, también conocido como wólfram o tungsteno, es un ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read fedorqui's excerpt from the Spanish Wikipedia page carefully, though, you will notice that debates over usage went beyond &quot;tungsten&quot; vs. &quot;tungsteno.&quot;  Spanish members of IUPAC have been resistant to the change to &quot;tungsten&quot; (tungsteno) over &quot;wolfram&quot; (wolframio) citing the fact that, apparently, the name &quot;wolfram&quot; was chosen over &quot;tungsten&quot; at an IUPAC conference in 1949.  Please see ukemi's comment below for more details (or better yet, &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/28833/revisions&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the portion of ukemi's original answer that was ultimately edited out&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;). &#xA; This now explains why I see so many more instances of &quot;wolframio&quot; than &quot;tungsteno&quot; from the Spanish Royal Society of Chemistry and why its upcoming conference in Salamanca will bear the name &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Jornadas sobre el Wolframio.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Etymology&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't ask about this, but it may interest you to know a little about the history and meaning of the words &quot;tungsten&quot; and &quot;wolfram.&quot;  Plus, I don't think this really deserves an entirely new discussion thread, so I'm going to add a short blurb about it here.  Did you know that the word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; comes from ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... the Swedish words tung sten, which mean &quot;heavy stone.&quot; Tungsten's chemical symbol comes from its earlier, Germanic name, Wolfram. The name Wolfram comes from the mineral wolframite, in which it was discovered. Wolframite means &quot;the devourer of tin&quot; since the mineral interferes with the smelting of tin.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Source: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele074.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About Tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; from the series &quot;It's Elemental,&quot; Jefferson Lab, a U.S. National laboratory located in Newport News, Virginia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is used in ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... English, French, and many other languages as the name of the element, but not in the Nordic countries ... &quot;Wolfram&quot; (or &quot;volfram&quot;) is used in most European (especially Germanic, Spanish and Slavic) languages ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Source: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wolfram&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; comes from ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... &quot;wulf&quot; (meaning &quot;wolf&quot;) combined with &quot;hraban&quot; (meaning &quot;raven&quot;) and related to the animals that accompanied the Nordic God Odin. The element tungsten's symbol (W) is from this word.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Source: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wolfram#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wolfram&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; Wiktionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the Middle Ages, miners started referring to an unknown substance that interfered with their tin smelting as &quot;wolfram.&quot;  This would later come to be known as ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wolframite&lt;/strong&gt;,&quot; which comes from the ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... German &quot;wolf rahm&quot; (&quot;wolf soot&quot; or &quot;wolf cream&quot;) [sometimes even translated as &quot;wolf spittle&quot;], the name given to tungsten by Johan Gottschalk Wallerius in 1747.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;— Source: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten#Etymology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&quot;  Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Per Janus Bahs Jacquet, whose comments you can see in the comments section for this answer, the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;rahm&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;em&gt;wolfrahm&lt;/em&gt; is actually short for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eisenrahm&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which means &quot;&lt;strong&gt;iron froth&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though the word &quot;wolframite&quot; is derived from the word &quot;wolfram,&quot; the etymology of these two words differs and they mean slightly different things to some, but in American English, as per Merriam-Webster, &quot;wolfram&quot; is synonymous with &quot;wolframite.&quot;  If this only confuses you further, or if you are still wondering why there are two words for the same thing, this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itia.info/history.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; will clear it up for you, quickly and clearly without being short on detail, and if you're still curious, follow the links to the newsletters.  They're quite detailed and should sufficiently sate your curiosity on the history of tungsten/wolfram.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for a cool, little video on tungsten mining (and one that might help visualize the difference between tungsten and wolfram, even though they are sometimes used synonymously), click &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1lpzdS8pmk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  The location is Spain, but no knowledge of the Spanish language is required and you'll be treated to some delightful Spanish music as you watch.  The video's also got some rockin' good graphics, which I think you'll also enjoy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Current usage&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this may be interesting to you, but it still hasn't directly answered your question, which was basically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are any of these words — wólfram, wolframio, volframio, tungsteno — used more often than the others in Spanish-speaking regions?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short answer here is &quot;yes.&quot;  I've already touched on all of them to some extent.  But I think we can all agree that &lt;strong&gt;this list has now been whittled down to &quot;tungsteno&quot; and &quot;wolframio&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (assuming you are interested in current day usage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you are still going to see instances of &quot;tungsten&quot; in publications written for a Spanish-speaking audience.  In fact, you'll still see instances of it on the Spanish Wikipedia page that has now been titled &quot;Wolframio.&quot;  Most of the time, though, it appears to be a reference to a company or product with the name &quot;tungsten&quot; in it, but not always.  Oddly enough, &quot;tungsten&quot; is also the nickname Prince Charles has given to the Duchess of Sussex, Meghan Markle, according to this article &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cosmopolitan.com/es/famosos/noticias-famosos/a21694837/meghan-markle-principe-carlos-inglaterra-ascott/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite the fact that you will see instances of &quot;tungsten,&quot; more often than not you're going to see &quot;tungsteno&quot; instead of any of the other variations for it, even &quot;wolframio.&quot;  If Google's Ngram viewer is any indicator, &quot;wolfram&quot; was actually more frequently used than &quot;wolframio&quot; up until about 1950.  See for yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/87rygGP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just books, but I would imagine it would be reflective of other forms of communication as well.  In the first comment made to your post, Yay breaks it down by the numbers in terms of Google hits found for each.  I'm going to do the same but limit this to just &quot;tungsteno&quot; and &quot;wolframio,&quot; and then break it out by communication medium — web pages  of any kind, newspapers, books, scholarly articles, and pages from RSEQ — showing you just the ratios (since the numbers are likely to be too disparate to reasonably put into a chart):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/wMQASXX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Filaments made from tungsten are used in incandescent light bulbs like the ones you see in the chart.  The bars you see in the chart for &quot;wolframio&quot; come from an image of the mineral &quot;wolframite.&quot;  In English, &quot;wolfram&quot; can refer to &quot;wolframite&quot; or the element &quot;tungsten.&quot;  In Spanish, &quot;wolframio&quot; is a synonym of &quot;tungsteno.&quot;  The word for &quot;wolframite&quot; in Spanish is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframita&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolframita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Regional differences&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While either of those images might be helpful to you and others, it doesn't address &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;where&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the Spanish-speaking world either of these might be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;more frequently used&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  For that I turned to &lt;strong&gt;educalingo&lt;/strong&gt; and its &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Trends&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; section, which includes a map that indicates how frequent any given word is by shade of color and frequency number.  What I saw there makes me think that &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tungsteno&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is very frequently used in &lt;strong&gt;Peru&lt;/strong&gt; where its frequency score is 100 (the highest).  In &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; receives a score of 100.  No other country receives that high of a frequency score for either of these words.  (Incidentally, Peru has a frequency score of 0 for &quot;wolframio&quot; and Spain has a frequency score of 30 for &quot;tungsteno.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, I noticed that &lt;strong&gt;Central America receives a score of 0 for both words and that many countries in South America (specifically, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay) have a score of 0 for &quot;wolframio.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  Not knowing the accuracy of educalingo's trend map or what their methodology is, I wanted to check this against something else, so I ran a few experiments using an advanced Google search.  I did not examine every country, but I did take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/list-of-countries-by-tungsten-production.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bolivia (world's fourth largest producer of tungsten&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), Chile, and Mexico.  Results that I found on educalingo's trend map really did seem to reflect the kind of returns (or lack thereof) I found online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mexico was particularly interesting in that it showed frequency for both, but 45 for &quot;tungsteno&quot; and 30 for &quot;wolframio.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  This is significant in that IUPAC, a global organization but whose headquarters are located in the U.S., would likely have greater influence on Mexico than it would on Spain given the fact that the two countries are so close physically, have influenced one another's languages for centuries, and the U.S., by far, is Mexico's largest trading partner.  All of this gives me confidence in recommending educalingo to you as a resource you can use to take a look at the regional differences there may be for any given word in a particular language.  (Educalingo also offers several other languages in addition to Spanish.) If you want to check it out for yourself, here are the links to the words discussed in this section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com/en/dic-es/tungsteno#trends&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tungsteno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://educalingo.com/en/dic-es/wolframio#trends&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last resource I want to draw your attention to is this site called UK Data Explorer.  Unfortunately, it only covers a portion of the world, but it's pretty cool nonetheless.  Spain, as you may know, is a country with many different regions and though Spanish is spoken in all parts of the country, other languages (e.g., Basque, Catalán, Galician, ...) are spoken in certain pockets of it.  The guy who created the site was going to take it offline in 2017, but due to requests from others, he kept it on.  In case it goes offline some day, this is what it looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/SDf37dj.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Right away you should notice that it contradicts what I just mentioned about Spain, but when it comes to frequency, I trust my own findings via a Google search over Google Translate.  Even so, the guy who created this had a good idea and if it should ever go offline, maybe someone who sees this can rebuild it (and add the rest of the world!).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;TL;DR&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In English, the word &quot;tungsten&quot; was chosen over &quot;wolfram&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; by a&#xA;reputable, international organization with a long history of serving&#xA;as the arbiter in determining the names of elements.  This decision&#xA;was made in 2005.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;use of &quot;tungsten&quot; over &quot;wolfram&quot; (or its foreign language equivalent) is in dispute&lt;/strong&gt; because the same organization that decided the element should be named &quot;tungsten&quot; in 2005 is, allegedly, the same one that decided it should be named &quot;wolfram&quot; in 1949.  Spanish-speaking members of IUPAC, in particular, are resistant to the latest change.  It's a bit more complicated than that, though.  If you'd like the details, read ukemi's original posted answer&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/28833/revisions&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Though &quot;tungsten&quot; was once an acceptable term in the Spanish-speaking&#xA;world, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;tungsteno&quot; and &quot;wolframio&quot; are the current day terms for the&#xA;element tungsten.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overall, &quot;tungsteno&quot; is more frequent than &quot;wolframio.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  This is also&#xA;true of books and scholarly articles (with a Google Books or Google Scholar search).  Their frequency is about equal in online news articles.  The term &quot;wolframio,&quot; on the other hand, is far more frequent in publications from the Spanish Royal Society of Chemistry, which is scheduled to host a conference in April 2019&#xA;celebrating 150 years of &quot;Jornadas sobre Wolframio.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;According to educalingo, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;wolframio&quot; is more frequent in Spain&lt;/strong&gt;; in the rest of&#xA;the Spanish-speaking world, especially Peru and many South American&#xA;countries &quot;tungsteno&quot; is more frequent.  However, a Google search only shows more hits for &quot;wolframio&quot; from the country of Spain &lt;strong&gt;when that search is restricted to &quot;News.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  (The ratio is about 2:1.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Little to no frequency for either &quot;tungsteno&quot; or &quot;wolframio&quot; in&#xA;Central America&lt;/strong&gt; (according to educalingo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A note on statistics discrepancies&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While ukemi's answer is impressive (especially if you view even &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/posts/28833/revisions&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the portion that was ultimately edited out&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), I should explain what I know about our two sets of data.  First of all, Google Trends measures &lt;em&gt;frequency of searches&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;frequency of the word&lt;/em&gt; itself.  At least that is how I interpret information from its help page.  Here's a quote that sums it up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Explore &lt;strong&gt;what the world is searching&lt;/strong&gt; for by entering a keyword or a topic in the Explore bar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but if you prefer to read the whole page and other relevant material on this tool, visit the &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/trends/answer/6248105?hl=en&amp;amp;ref_topic=6248052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Help page for Google Trends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Educalingo doesn't have something like this on its site, but it does state this in its Trends section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The map shown above gives &lt;strong&gt;the frequency of use of the term&lt;/strong&gt; «tungsteno»* in the different countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*or whatever term it is you've searched for&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, &lt;strong&gt;when I mentioned that I had checked the educalingo results against what I found online, I wasn't looking for the &lt;em&gt;words or phrases people use in their searches,&lt;/em&gt; but what is actually &lt;em&gt;found on web pages&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;  I also filtered for Spanish language.  I'm not all that sure that ukemi's data pull from Google Trends restricted the search to just Spanish pages.  I have a feeling it didn't, but this is probably somewhat of a moot point because it is likely that the search is filtered by country code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After taking a glance at results for all pages, I then added &quot;&lt;strong&gt;News&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as a filter, in an attempt to capture what might be a more standard reflection of examples written by those who should have greater interest than most in writing accurately and according to a standard.  (A lot of sloppy, careless, abbreviated writing can crop up in a Google search if efforts aren't made to filter it out and a &quot;News&quot; or &quot;Books&quot; search is one of the easiest ways to do that.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could have been more exhaustive in checking the results that educalingo had yielded, but since what that sample check produced was rather reflective of educalingo's results, I was satisfied after just checking results for Bolivia, Chile, and Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My curiosity about frequency by region was stoked even higher than before after seeing ukemi's map, so I decided to run a check using &lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt; as the test country.  Without any filter other than &quot;Spanish,&quot; and &quot;Spain,&quot; &quot;tungsteno&quot; is, by far, more frequent than &quot;wolframio,&quot; but when I filter for &quot;News,&quot; &quot;wolframio&quot; is more frequent (by about 2:1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What may be more revealing as to which word is more popular in Spain are &lt;strong&gt;the types of news outlets that use &quot;tungsteno&quot; and the type that use &quot;wolframio&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tungsteno:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Business Insider España, Europa Press, Gizmodo en Español, Vanity Fair in Spanish&lt;/em&gt; (the one &lt;em&gt;Vanity Fair&lt;/em&gt; example I saw was actually a reference to Prince Charles's new nickname for the Duchess of Sussex)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;La Voz de Galicia, eldiario.es, La Gaceta de Salamanca, El Norte de Castilla, Diario Vasco, Diario de León, La Voz de Almería, La Vanguardia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can see the point I'm trying to make.  To be fair, &lt;em&gt;La Vanguardia&lt;/em&gt; uses both, but appears to use &quot;wolframio&quot; twice as much.  &lt;strong&gt;Other major Spanish news media outlets that use both but appear to prefer &quot;wolframio&quot; include:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/aqui-la-tierra/aqui-tierra-adentramos-pelicula-lobos-sucios/3561171/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;RTVE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (31:1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Huffington Post in Spanish&lt;/em&gt; (6:1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cadena SER&lt;/em&gt; (5:1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;20 Minutos&lt;/em&gt; (3:1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;ABC.es&lt;/em&gt; (2:1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ratios in parentheses indicate the ratio of pages returned for &quot;wolframio&quot; versus &quot;tungsteno.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some, like &lt;em&gt;El Economista (Spain)&lt;/em&gt;, do seem to prefer &quot;tungsteno&quot; over &quot;wolframio,&quot; but it is close — 53% of the total number of pages containing either &quot;tungsteno&quot; or &quot;wolframio,&quot; contain &quot;tungsteno&quot; (and 47% &quot;wolframio&quot;).    Conversely, &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/especiales/2015/vuelta-a-la-mina/la-nueva-guerra-del-wolframio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El País&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Spain's paper of record, favors &quot;wolframio,&quot; but ever so slightly.  Again, of the total that contain either word, 53% of its pages contain &quot;wolframio&quot; and the other 47% contain &quot;tungsteno.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more thing I should point out is something I found quite interesting.  Ukemi mentions that the areas of Spain most likely to use &quot;wolframio&quot; are those that border Portugal. Initially I thought that the reason for this might be because of some influence Portuguese has on the Spanish language, but after reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/critical-metals-investing/tungsten-investing/tungsten-in-europe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, I realize it might be more likely because most of Spain's mining companies are in western Spain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this was interesting, informative, and/or helpful.  If nothing else, this shows that big data can be misleading.  Sometimes you've got to dig into it a bit to make sense of it.  Even acknowledging this, I realize my data and findings could be misleading as well because they still just scratch the surface, but I went to the very last page on a couple of these searches and the returns look pretty solid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More important than anything is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_(sociolinguistics)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;register&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in which a term is used.  Based on everything I've taken a look at on this topic thus far (e.g., comments in this thread, Google Trends, Google Searches, ...), it appears that it may be true that overall, &lt;strong&gt;in general, no matter where you are in the Spanish-speaking world, &quot;tungsteno&quot; may be more frequently used.  Within the scientific community, however, or those who write about it, it looks as if Spain prefers &quot;wolframio.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And lastly, since they say a picture is worth a thousand words, I'll leave you with one.  I wanted to see for myself how mining companies in Spain presented themselves online.  One of the first companies to surface was &lt;a href=&quot;http://saloro.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saloro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Its site is available in English and Spanish.  Below is a composite of its home page in those two languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/xCtTmyn.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Saloro is a subsidiary of &lt;a href=&quot;http://ormondemining.com/projects/barruecopardo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Barruecopardo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which has embarked upon a tungsten mining project that, when completed, will account for approximately 13% of the non-Chinese global supply of tungsten concentrates.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barruecopardo_mine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Barruecopardo mine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a large open pit mine located in the Spanish province of Salamanca and represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Spain.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking of images, and this is important, take a look at the types of images that pull up on a search for &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22tungsteno%22&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjyzcmn_vjgAhXwYt8KHQV2D1oQ_AUIDigB&amp;amp;biw=1745&amp;amp;bih=881&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tungsteno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and those that pull up for a search of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22wolframio%22&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:lang_1es&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwim6IGx_vjgAhVlUN8KHUzmDEcQ_AUIDigB&amp;amp;biw=1745&amp;amp;bih=881&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wolframio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;  A &quot;tungsteno&quot; search pulls up a lot of images of the various things that can be made from tungsten or tungsten composites (e.g., tungsten steel) whereas one for &quot;wolframio&quot; tends to bring up more geologic images and images related to the chemical element.  This appears to be slightly less true of Spain.  But that's just the impression I got on first glance.  A closer look reveals the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/rota0ph.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;In addition to the novel&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_tungsteno&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Tungsteno&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;by César Vallejo, another book is responsible for the &quot;wolframio&quot; bar and how well it stacks up against the one for &quot;tungsteno&quot; (in the category &quot;Book Covers,&quot; where it's actually taller worldwide.)  It's because of the book,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.es/Batalla-del-Wolframio-1941-1947-Historia/dp/8437626595/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1552310513&amp;amp;sr=1-1&amp;amp;keywords=wolframio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Batalla del Wolframio: Estados Unidos y España de Pearl Harbor a la Guerra Fría (1941-1947)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;which was published in 2010.  Its rank on Amazon is #129,463 (compared to the lower-ranked&lt;/em&gt; El Tungsteno &lt;em&gt;, which comes in at #364,104) and you'll see a fair number of images with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimagessl8.casadellibro.com%2Fa%2Fl%2Ft0%2F98%2F9788437626598.jpg&amp;amp;imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.casadellibro.com%2Flibro-la-batalla-del-wolframio3a-estados-unidos-y-espana-de-pearl-harbor-a-la-guerra-fria-1941af1947%2F9788437626598%2F1701725&amp;amp;docid=As8TLIzTgB8cLM&amp;amp;tbnid=fclpA_sfQmassM%3A&amp;amp;vet=10ahUKEwiTubOfqIXhAhVO1lkKHfpQCXEQMwhAKAAwAA..i&amp;amp;w=1000&amp;amp;h=1556&amp;amp;bih=1076&amp;amp;biw=2133&amp;amp;q=la%20batalla%20de%20wolframio&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiTubOfqIXhAhVO1lkKHfpQCXEQMwhAKAAwAA&amp;amp;iact=mrc&amp;amp;uact=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this book cover&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; if you do an image search for &quot;wolframio.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, it looks as if &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;where you are&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; isn't as important as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;what you're talking about&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; when it comes to using &quot;tungsteno&quot; and &quot;wolframio.&quot;  The word &quot;wolframio&quot; may be a bit more interchangeable with &quot;tungsteno&quot; when it comes to rings and watches and other types of products if you're in Spain, but &lt;strong&gt;if you're not talking about a tungsten product, and you're not a member of IUPAC or an affiliated scientific community, &quot;wolframio&quot; is likely the best word to use ... whether in Spain or elsewhere.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T15:06:30.323" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T15:06:30.323" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15801" CreationDate="2019-03-08T12:13:11.343" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most regions today prefer &lt;em&gt;tungsteno&lt;/em&gt;, with the exception of Spain and the Dominican Republic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?q=tungsteno,wolframio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Trends data&lt;/a&gt; from 08/03/2018 - 08/03/2019&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L5cwsm.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L5cwsm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dKygxm.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dKygxm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/10fs8m.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/10fs8m.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Colombia, Spain, Peru, Mexico and Chile show minority usage of &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?q=tungsteno,wolframio,volframio&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;volframio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?geo=ES&amp;amp;q=tungsteno,wolframio,volframio,w%C3%B3lfram&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; in particular, we see the areas with strongest preference for &lt;em&gt;wolframio&lt;/em&gt; are those neighbouring Portugal, and the variant &lt;em&gt;volframio&lt;/em&gt; is almost exclusively used in Galicia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gvDs9.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gvDs9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-09T14:39:37.260" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T14:39:37.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28837" CreationDate="2019-03-10T00:50:34.813" Score="6" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years ago I discovered my first online context dictionary — &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatoeba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tatoeba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Up until then, I had never seen anything quite like it (other than &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google Translate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) and immediately began using it on a regular basis.  Then, about a month later, I discovered &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverso_(language_tools)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  (I think someone had mentioned Reverso in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duolingo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duolingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; thread.)  I checked it out, and have been hooked ever since.  Since then I've seen others (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linguee&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Span¡shD!ct&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ...), but none appeal to me as much as Reverso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As my Spanish gets better, however, I am getting the impression that not all of Reverso's Spanish translations are the best they could be.  I'm interested in knowing how true bilinguals feel about the translations from these sites and others like them.  Specifically, I'm interested in knowing about ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... the quality of the translations and any criteria you use to make that determination&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... the methodology these context dictionaries use.  For example:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who (or what) is doing the translating?&lt;/strong&gt;  &#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Human or machine?  &#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;If human, what type of humans and what are their credentials?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;If machine, what type of machine?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are the translations a mix of English to Spanish and vice versa or are they just from Spanish into English or English into Spanish?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where do the translations come from (e.g., film/tv, books, newspapers, ...)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... why you prefer one over another&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... how they compare to Google Translate&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not a true bilingual, but you have some experience with a Spanish context dictionary or know how they operate, I wholeheartedly welcome any comment you wish to make or answer you'd like to provide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre los diversos diccionarios de contexto disponibles para el español (por ejemplo, Tatoeba, Reverso, Linguee, ...)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hace unos años descubrí mi primer diccionario de contexto en línea: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatoeba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tatoeba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Hasta ese momento, nunca había visto nada igual (aparte del &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traductor_de_Google&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Traductor de Google&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) e inmediatamente comencé a usarlo regularmente. Luego, alrededor de un mes después, descubrí el &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverso_(language_tools)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Creo que alguien mencionó Reverso en un hilo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duolingo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duolingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Lo comprobé y he estado enganchada desde ese momento. Desde entonces he visto otros (por ejemplo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linguee&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Span¡shD!Ct&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, ...), pero ninguno me atrae tanto como Reverso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, a medida que mi español mejora, me da la impresión de que no todas las traducciones al español de Reverso son lo mejor. Me interesa saber cómo se sienten los verdaderos bilingües acerca de las traducciones de estos sitios y otros similares. Específicamente, me interesa saber algo acerca de ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... la calidad de las traducciones y los criterios que utilices para hacer esa determinación&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... la metodología que usan estos diccionarios de contexto. Por ejemplo:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Quién (o qué) está haciendo las traducciones?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;¿Ser humano o máquina?  &#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;Si es ser humano, ¿qué tipo de ser humano?  Y ¿cuáles son sus credenciales?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;li&gt;Si es máquina, ¿qué tipo de máquina?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;      &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Son las traducciones una mezcla de inglés al español y viceversa?  O, ¿son sólo del español al inglés o del inglés al español?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿De dónde vienen las traducciones (por ejemplo, cine / televisión, libros, periódicos, ...)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... por qué prefieres uno sobre otro&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h2&gt;... cómo se comparan con Google Translate&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no seas completamente bilingüe, pero tienes algo de experiencia con algún diccionario de contexto, o sabes cómo operan, también me interesa recibir tu comentario o respuesta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-11-11T14:12:12.500" LastActivityDate="2019-11-11T14:12:12.500" Title="What's the difference between the various context dictionaries available for Spanish (e.g., Tatoeba, Reverso, Linguee, ...)?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;recursos&gt;&lt;diccionarios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28824" CreationDate="2019-03-10T00:56:57.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aunque ya has elegido mejor respuesta, voy con mi sugerencia. Me ha costado un poco, pero me ha venido a la cabeza la siguiente expresión: &lt;strong&gt;voto de gracia&lt;/strong&gt;. Sabía que existía alguna expresión para &quot;cuando uno llega y se acaba la discusión&quot; jeje. Por analogía con expresiones similares, creo que es buena:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiro de gracia&lt;/strong&gt; (RAE)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. tiro que se da en la cabeza para rematar a quien ha sido fusilado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Acción que pone fin inexorablemente a un determinado proceso o situación. La caída de la bolsa supuso para él el tiro de gracia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especial atención a la segunda acepción. Creo que se ajusta bastante. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También existe &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Golpe de gracia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. golpe con que se remata a alguien.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Revés que completa la desgracia o la ruina de alguien o de algo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T00:56:57.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17519" CreationDate="2019-03-10T03:35:24.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay distintas posibles definiciones según el contexto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Algo difícil de lograr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mensaje con contenido que nos pone nerviosos. &lt;em&gt;Esa película estuvo tenaz&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Situación de riesgo. &lt;em&gt;Es tenaz cruzar ese río en esta embarcación&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;En general se puede tomar como sinónimo de: duro, difícil, complicado, potente, osado, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21346" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-11T13:18:06.690" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T13:18:06.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28834" CreationDate="2019-03-10T14:54:34.850" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si no es problema, contestaré en español. Iré uno por uno. Me concentraré en describir cómo funcionan estos sistemas de traducción (incluido Google Translate) y, al final, comentaré cuáles prefiero y por qué. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linguee&lt;/strong&gt;: No es un sistema de traducción, ni un diccionario. Es, mejor dicho, &lt;strong&gt;un buscador web&lt;/strong&gt; desarrollado por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deepl.com/home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DeepL&lt;/a&gt;, una empresa alemana dedicada a la aplicación de inteligencia artificial en los idiomas. Linguee &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com.mx/translate?sl=de&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.golem.de%2F0904%2F66396.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;busca en páginas bilingües&lt;/a&gt; (como sitios web de tiendas, o páginas de la Unión Europea) el término de búsqueda y, con base en esto, ofrece una traducción aproximada del término (que normalmente incluye bastantes variaciones contextuales ordenadas por frecuencia de uso), así como múltiples ejemplos de frases traducidas. El algoritmo es refinado con &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deepl.com/blog/20181205.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retroalimentación humana&lt;/a&gt; sobre la calidad de la traducción (muy probablemente, por medio de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deepl.com/blog/20181205.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pruebas ciegas&lt;/a&gt; donde el humano no sabe el origen de la traducción).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tatoeba&lt;/strong&gt;: Es un diccionario que depende de las &lt;a href=&quot;https://tatoeba.org/eng/about&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contribuciones voluntarias de personas para conformar una base de datos de frases y palabras&lt;/a&gt; con sus respectivas traducciones. Al igual que Linguee, intenta proporcionar una traducción en distintos contextos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SpanishDiCt&lt;/strong&gt;: Es un diccionario &lt;a href=&quot;http://Vel%C3%A1zquez%20Spanish%20and%20English%20Dictionary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conformado de las siguientes fuentes&lt;/a&gt;: Un diccionario propio escrito por lexicógrafos bilingües, el C&lt;em&gt;ollins Complete Spanish Electronic Dictionary&lt;/em&gt; y el &lt;em&gt;Velázquez Spanish and English Dictionary&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onoma.es/conjugador/nosotros.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En cuanto a su servicio de conjugación, lo subarrendan a Onoma,&lt;/a&gt; un sistema que, por medio de inteligencia artificial, detecta patrones en las conjugaciones de los verbos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Translate y Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ai.googleblog.com/2016/09/a-neural-network-for-machine.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.corporate-translation.reverso.com/translation-technologies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reverso&lt;/a&gt; funcionan, a rasgos generales, de una manera muy similar a Linguee. Sus sistemas depende de sitios web multilingües (en el caso de Reverso, también de bases de datos personalizadas), como sitios de organizaciones multilaterales. Por medio de técnicas de inteligencia artificial (particularmente, redes neuronales), sus sistemas tratan de descifrar la relación que hay entre los componentes de un enunciado en distintos idiomas y, así, &lt;strong&gt;conforman un diccionario&lt;/strong&gt; (no técnicamente, pero es útil imaginarlo así). Sus sistemas también dependen de la retroalimentación del usuario. Las técnicas de inteligencia artificial implementadas por Google y Reverso permiten traducir textos más grandes que los otros sistemas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, prefiero &lt;strong&gt;Linguee y SpanishDiCt&lt;/strong&gt;. La enorme ventaja que tiene &lt;strong&gt;SpanishDiCt&lt;/strong&gt; sobre los demás es que sus &lt;strong&gt;fuentes son controladas y verificables&lt;/strong&gt;; son diccionarios publicados por casas editoriales, sabemos cuáles exactamente son, y muy seguramente pasaron por procesos de revisión más rigurosos. Aunque esto puede suponer una limitación (no hay traducción contextualizada, y la incorporación de nuevos usos y palabras es más lenta), hay certeza sobre la calidad del servicio. Le sigue &lt;strong&gt;Linguee&lt;/strong&gt; porque me gusta cómo despliega todos los posibles significados de las palabras (derivado de distintos contextos donde es posible usar la palabra). Además, tomando en cuenta lo técnico, a diferencia de otros servicios que usan métodos de inteligencia artificial, Linguee &lt;strong&gt;implementa controlada y sistemáticamente, revisiones sobre la calidad de su traducción que no dependen del usuario&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recomendaría &lt;strong&gt;evitar Tatoeba&lt;/strong&gt;, pues la principal fuente de información para sus sistema de traducción son &lt;strong&gt;aportaciones de usuarios que no son sistemáticamente verificadas y mejoradas&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-11-11T14:10:56.387" LastActivityDate="2019-11-11T14:10:56.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-10T20:23:06.843" Score="7" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la entrada para &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=KYtLWBc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hola&lt;/a&gt; en el DLE se encuentra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=KYtLWBc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hola&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voz expr.; &lt;em&gt;cf.&lt;/em&gt; ingl. &lt;em&gt;hello,&lt;/em&gt; al. &lt;em&gt;hallo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;interj. U.&lt;/em&gt; como salutación familiar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. p. us. U. para denotar extrañeza, placentera o desagradable. U. t. repetida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;interj. desus. Era u. para llamar a los inferiores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La tercera acepción indica que alguna vez se usó para llamar a un inferior. Esto también se puede ver en el diccionario de autoridades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/DA.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HOLA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. interj. Modo vulgar de hablar usado para llamar a otro que es inferior. Latín. &lt;em&gt;Heus&lt;/em&gt;, que es de donde viene. FIGUER. Passag. Aliv. 9. Dispenso en que useis el Hola, solo en ocasiones de visitas, por acomodaros al estilo grave de Señores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Desde cuando tiene &lt;em&gt;Hola&lt;/em&gt; el uso actual que le damos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T01:02:24.567" Title="¿Cuándo dejó de ser &quot;Hola&quot; usado para llamar a los inferiores?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2019-03-11T03:00:26.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer un artículo de un periódico español titulado: &lt;a href=&quot;https://elpais.com/cultura/2019/03/08/actualidad/1552043265_456050.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;@RAEinforma te informa, pero no hace los deberes&lt;/a&gt; y en él se incluye la siguiente cita a una consulta que es relevante para esta pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;En referencia a la porción de alimento que se toma con el tenedor, se usa normalmente el término ‘&lt;strong&gt;pinchada&lt;/strong&gt;’, a menudo se usa la forma diminutiva ‘&lt;strong&gt;pinchadita&lt;/strong&gt;’; el derivado ‘tenedorada’ se usa muy raramente&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo no enlaza a esta consulta de Twitter, así que he tenido que buscarla, y creo que es esta: &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/948888921068404736&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Como seria la palabra con el significado de &amp;quot;porción recogida en un tenedor&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;, ya que la respuesta a la consulta es la misma que se cita arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparte, en Twitter para @RAEConsultas tenemos la consulta &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/raeinforma/status/950271352979841025?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿si para cuchara es cucharada cómo sería el equivalente para tenedor?&lt;/a&gt; donde aprendemos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se podría usar «tenedorada» como derivado análogo a «cucharada», aunque apenas se documenta en el uso. También serían válidas las voces generales «pinchada» o «bocado».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Veo que los términos &amp;quot;pinchada&amp;quot; y &amp;quot;pinchadita&amp;quot; ya estaban sugeridos en los comentarios pero nadie había aportado ninguna referencia sobre la validez de su uso. De igual manera, la pregunta enlaza al Twitter de Fundeu, pero creo que no se había mencionada antes al Twitter de la RAE, donde hemos encontrado una pregunta igual a la que tenemos aquí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, la RAE valida los usos como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va, cómete esta &lt;strong&gt;pinchada&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;pinchadita&lt;/em&gt;) y ya estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va, cómete este &lt;strong&gt;bocado&lt;/strong&gt; y ya estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y por supuesto el ya mencionado &amp;quot;tenedorada&amp;quot; (que de acuerdo a la RAE se usa raramente)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Va, cómete esta &lt;strong&gt;tenedorada&lt;/strong&gt; y ya estamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T13:58:35.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28841" CreationDate="2019-03-11T12:04:37.290" Score="4" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;As seen &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/15801/18348&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, most Latin American hispanophone countries call tungsten &lt;em&gt;tungsteno&lt;/em&gt;, whereas in Spain it is often called &lt;em&gt;wolframio&lt;/em&gt;. Why the difference? I'm not aware of any other elements with different regional names in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T12:25:25.353" Title="Why is tungsten called &quot;tungsteno&quot; in Latin America but &quot;wolframio&quot; in Spain?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;ciencia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28840" CreationDate="2019-03-11T12:04:37.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Etymology&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of reasons why this split in terminology occurred:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The element was theorised by two independent groups within a few years, and hence dubbed twice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1781: a Swede/German, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who suggested a novel metal might be derived from tungstic acid (an acid they had recently derived from scheelite (which at that time was known as tungsten).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1783: two Basque brothers, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten#History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;José and Fausto Elhuyar&lt;/a&gt;, who discovered that an acid made from wolframite was identical to tungstic acid:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Later that year, at the Royal Basque Society in the town of Bergara, Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element (they called it &quot;wolfram&quot; or &quot;volfram&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nationality of the discoverers and location of the discovery goes towards explaining why there was a preference for &lt;em&gt;wolframio&lt;/em&gt; for the name in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The element was relatively recently discovered (end of the 18th century), at a time after Spain had already colonised the Americas, and novel Spanish words would not naturally be inherited to Latin American dialects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The term &lt;em&gt;tungsten&lt;/em&gt; was the most popular word in Anglophone regions, specifically North America, and hence appears to have influenced the terms adopted in neighbouring Latin America.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Addendum: (non-)Proscription&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that though the IUPAC decided on &lt;em&gt;tungsten&lt;/em&gt; for the element's official scientific name, this was something of a political decision to assuage &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements_naming_controversies#Elements_41_(Niobium_Nb)_and_74_(Tungsten_W)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;two arguments&lt;/a&gt; over competing names for two different elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This was a compromise of sorts; the IUPAC accepted tungsten (element 74) instead of wolfram (in deference to North American usage) and niobium instead of columbium (in deference to European usage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;English is the official language of IUPAC and it therefore does not make any recommendations on how to name chemical substances in other languages...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://publications.iupac.org/ci/2013/3503/5_herold.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lost in Nomenclature Translation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Chemistry International, The News Magazine of IUPAC (vol.35, 2013)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the IUPAC's naming recommendations are specifically to avoid plurality of names in scientific literature and technical manuals, not a rule for common speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, &lt;em&gt;wolframio&lt;/em&gt; is an equally valid word in Spanish and there is no need to avoid its use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Additional reading: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659868/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Foreign Language Translation of Chemical Nomenclature by Computer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-11T12:25:25.353" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T12:25:25.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28842" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-11T20:49:49.627" Score="4" ViewCount="838" Body="&lt;h2&gt;English&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the RAE, both &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PDtkw27%7CPDw6GsO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PDxayFl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;migaja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; refer to small bits of bread.  It also suggests that &lt;em&gt;migaja&lt;/em&gt; is simply a diminuitive of &lt;em&gt;miga&lt;/em&gt;.  But this doesn't quite line up with my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A friend from Venezuela told me that one difference is that a child might have &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt; on his face that need to be wiped off, but that when we vacuum the floor, we collect the &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In one of his books, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Villoro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juan Villoro&lt;/a&gt; (from Mexico) uses the word &amp;quot;migajas&amp;quot; 12 times, but never &amp;quot;migas,&amp;quot; when talking about someone's sloppy eating habits (&amp;quot;tirar migajas&amp;quot;) as well as the need to clean floors (&amp;quot;Ella es cocinera, lavandera y especialista en recoger migajas&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus I wonder: Are there general guidelines for when one of these words is preferred over the other?  And are there regional differences in the use of these words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Español&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según RAE, tanto &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PDtkw27%7CPDw6GsO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;miga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PDxayFl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;migaja&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; refieren a pedazos pequeños de pan.  También indica que &lt;em&gt;migaja&lt;/em&gt; es un diminutivo de miga.  Pero eso no se alinea con mi experiencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Una amiga de Venezuela me dijo que una diferencia es que un niño puede tener &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt; en su cara que alguien necesita limpiar, pero que cuando aspiramos el piso, recogemos las &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En uno de sus libros, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Villoro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Juan Villoro&lt;/a&gt; (de México) usa la palabra &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt; 12 veces, pero nunca &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt;, cuando habla de la mala costumbre en comer (&amp;quot;tirar migajas&amp;quot;) y también en cuanto a la necesidad de barrer el piso (&amp;quot;Ella es cocinera, lavandera y especialista en recoger migajas&amp;quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso me pregunto: ¿Hay reglas generales que indiquen cuando es mejor usar una de estas palabras o la otra?  Y ¿hay diferencias regionales en el uso de estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;¡Por favor, no duden en corregir mi traducción al español!&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T20:20:53.030" Title="What is the difference between &quot;migas&quot; and &quot;migajas&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28844" CreationDate="2019-03-11T23:19:41.523" Score="3" ViewCount="1305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Spanish, and I am looking at this sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las hijas son inteligentes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it seems to be wrong based on feedback of a exam I am taking, but I am not sure why. I suspect that &quot;inteligentes&quot; is masculine, then what is its feminine form, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21355" LastActivityDate="2019-03-16T10:54:40.920" Title="What's wrong with &quot;Las hijas son inteligentes&quot;" Tags="&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28843" CreationDate="2019-03-12T00:10:17.487" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There's nothing wrong with the use of the adjective&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;inteligentes&lt;/code&gt; in your sentence. In Spanish, nouns and adjectives finishing with &lt;code&gt;nte&lt;/code&gt; doesn't have masculine/feminine variation, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El/la&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;agente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; chico es &lt;code&gt;pedante&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; chica es &lt;code&gt;pedante&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;estudiante&lt;/code&gt; no es muy &lt;code&gt;inteligente&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;La&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;estudiante&lt;/code&gt; no es muy &lt;code&gt;inteligente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las&lt;/strong&gt; galletas quedaron &lt;code&gt;crujientes&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;strong&gt;El&lt;/strong&gt; pan quedó &lt;code&gt;crujiente&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can actually find this rule in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Tr5x8MFOuD6DVTlDBg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También los sustantivos terminados en -ante o -ente, procedentes en gran parte de participios de presente latinos, y que funcionan en su gran mayoría como comunes, e&lt;strong&gt;n consonancia con la forma única de los adjetivos con estas mismas terminaciones&lt;/strong&gt; (complaciente, inteligente, pedante, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are few &quot;exceptions&quot; that may turn-up in the context of gender-inclusive language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presid&lt;strong&gt;ente&lt;/strong&gt; (m) / Presid&lt;strong&gt;enta&lt;/strong&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dirig&lt;strong&gt;ente&lt;/strong&gt; (m) / Dirig&lt;strong&gt;enta&lt;/strong&gt; (f)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="20977" LastEditDate="2019-03-12T00:21:12.410" LastActivityDate="2019-03-12T00:21:12.410" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28846" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28847" CreationDate="2019-03-12T08:59:05.810" Score="9" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta mañana en la radio estaban hablando sobre un caso de &lt;strong&gt;pucherazo&lt;/strong&gt; que se ha producido en no sé dónde (Castilla y León, creo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sé que esta palabra quiere decir &amp;quot;fraude electoral&amp;quot;, o más concretamente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UYr9zZR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pucherazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Fraude electoral que consiste en alterar el resultado del escrutinio de votos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dar pucherazo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Computar votos no emitidos en una elección.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no entiendo el papel de la más que obvia raíz etimológica 'puchero' en todo esto.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Un &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UYtBmHW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;puchero&lt;/a&gt; es una especie de olla; ¿acaso antes los votos se metían en una olla para contarlos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿De dónde viene usar &amp;quot;pucherazo&amp;quot; cuando se produce un fraude en el recuento de votos?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T14:13:25.590" Title="¿De dónde viene &quot;pucherazo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28846" CreationDate="2019-03-12T12:24:19.217" Score="7" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Volcar el puchero &gt; [dar] pucherazo&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=u8k3AQAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;volcar+el+puchero&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;pucherazo&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;starts to appear&lt;/a&gt; around the turn of the 20th century, and is first recorded by the RAE in 1925. It appears to derive from the synonymous phrase &lt;em&gt;volcar el puchero&lt;/em&gt;, which enters usage around the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrase alludes to the idea that in order to manipulate the vote, the &lt;em&gt;puchero&lt;/em&gt; (in which the votes were carried) would be upturned (negritas mías):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No habia querido profundizar en lo sucedido en los colegios electorales de Constantina; pero ya quo S. S. lo desea, le diré que ignoro si es ó no cierto que mis amigos, al ver que se hacía &lt;strong&gt;lo que vulgarmente se llama volcar el puchero, rompieran las urnas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://app.congreso.es/est_sesiones/web/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fapp.congreso.es%2Fest_sesiones%2Fresource%3Fid%3D1901-1902%2F1901%2F06%2FC-0009-00077.pdf#page=9&amp;amp;zoom=auto,-53,136&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diario de las sesiones de cortes, Congreso de los diputados&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  20-06-1901. Nº 9 (de 77 a 93)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is Andalusian in origin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;lo que se llama volcar el puchero&lt;/strong&gt;, como antes se llamaban los Lázaros por la resurrección, y como &lt;strong&gt;en Andalucia&lt;/strong&gt; se suele  decir hacer alforjas, cuando se ponen los mismos votos al candidato de la oposición que al candidato ministerial, que tambien suele hacerse eso en los Municipios rurales.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;20-06-1879. Nº 17 (de 117 a 143)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;strong&gt;lo que se llama en Andalucia volcar el puchero,&lt;/strong&gt; y en Cataluña una tupinada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;23-06-1879. Nº 19 (de 185 a 216)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pues á esto de sacar tontos votos como electores aparecen en el censo, &lt;strong&gt;se llama en el distrito de Úbeda &lt;em&gt;volcar el puchero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, y el alcalde lo hizo allí con tanta habilidad, que no dejó más que un garbanzo dentro. (&lt;em&gt;Risas&lt;/em&gt;) ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hablaba el Sr. Albareda del pueblo de Jimena; y empleando una frase vulgar, decía S. S. que allí se había volcado el puchero; ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;24-02-1876. Nº 9 (de 155 a 187)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Pucherazo, puchero / Chocorazo, chócoro&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that there is also the Latin American term &lt;em&gt;chocorazo&lt;/em&gt; which is analogous to &lt;em&gt;pucherazo&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;chócoro&lt;/em&gt; is a Colombian word for &lt;em&gt;puchero&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1 2&lt;/sup&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chocorazo&lt;/strong&gt;. Palabra bien socorrida que se usa en los círculos políticos para poner de manifiesto la maniobra, mediante la cual se atribuye a uno o varios candidatos durante un período electoral cierto crecido número de votos faltando a la verdad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En España dicen &lt;em&gt;pucherazo&lt;/em&gt;, que no ha tenido a bien aceptar aún la Academia, y lo que nosotros llamamos &quot;dar chocorazo&quot; es en los dominios del célebre Raton Pelao &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;volcar el puchero&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chocorear&lt;/strong&gt; (Barb.). Acorralar ; birlar un acta electoral.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chócoro&lt;/strong&gt; (Barb.). Puchero ; cántaro ; cacharro o cualquier vasija de escaso mérito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1kRdAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;pucherazo&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vocabulario costeño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Adolfo Sundheim (1922)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cooking the books&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a very similar phrase in English &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cook_the_books&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;to cook the books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, though this can be applied to any (usually financial) accounting, not solely electoral counts. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=O_W7AwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT184&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;volcar+el+puchero&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Some authors&lt;/a&gt; have even suggested the etymology of the Spanish phrase is the same cooking analogy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lkVADwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA88&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;ch%C3%B3coro&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Orality, Identity, and Resistance in Palenque (Colombia)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6c9AAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;ch%C3%B3coro&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caracterización léxica de los dialectos del español de Colombia según el &quot;ALEC&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T14:13:25.590" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T14:13:25.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28846" CreationDate="2019-03-12T12:25:01.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas&lt;/em&gt; de Alberto Buitrago Jiménez, y tal y como se cita en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/05/10/articulo/1431270396_263229.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo sobre frases hechas relacionadas con elecciones&lt;/a&gt; de El País, la expresión proviene de los fraudes que se hacían en las elecciones durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Los votos se depositaban en pucheros y ollas de barro, que había que manipular para manipular los votos, normalmente rompiéndolos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto Buitrago es un reputado divulgador, de manera que daríamos por válida su explicación. Sin embargo, en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pucherazo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; se da otra explicación que, aunque parecida, no es la misma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El pucherazo era uno de los métodos de manipulación electoral usados principalmente durante el periodo de la Restauración borbónica en España para permitir la alternancia pactada previamente entre el Partido Liberal y el Partido Conservador, es decir, el turnismo, dentro del modelo de dominación política local (sobre todo en las zonas rurales y las ciudades pequeñas) conocido como caciquismo. Para llevar a cabo la manipulación, se guardaban papeletas de votación (por ejemplo en pucheros, de donde viene la denominación que se popularizó), y se añadían o se sustraían de la urna electoral a conveniencia del resultado deseado. Otros métodos consistían en la colocación de las urnas en lugares de imposible acceso o la manipulación de las votaciones con lázaros (votos de fallecidos que, al menos sobre el papel resucitaban como el Lázaro de los Evangelios) y cuneros (candidatos que se inscribían en una circunscripción con la que no tenían vinculación personal o política).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastActivityDate="2019-03-12T12:25:01.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28842" CreationDate="2019-03-12T15:48:25.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Others may better be able to detail the regional differences and preferences for &lt;em&gt;miga&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;migaja&lt;/em&gt; in different contexts, but as plural words they have distinct secondary meanings (the final definitions mentioned in their respective DLE entries):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt; = leftovers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; = a dish made from leftover bread &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1jaNc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1jaNc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-03-12T15:48:25.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28821" CreationDate="2019-03-12T18:19:48.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Financiación colectiva&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;financiación en masa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;financiación participativa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rutanmedellin.org//es/recursos/abc-de-la-innovacion/item/financiacion-colectiva-crowdfunding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Texto Colombiano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un concepto que viene del término inglés crowdfunding, utilizado para  referirse a la cooperación que llevan a cabo varias personas para conseguir dinero u otros recursos que financien sus proyectos. Este es un método de financiación alternativo, en donde muchos aportantes apoyan con pequeñas contribuciones económicas, técnica similar a la que utilizan las ONG o las campañas de donaciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La financiación en masa permite acceder a recursos económicos sin mediar con entidades bancarias, en donde los aportantes financian los proyectos a cambio de participar de los beneficios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.emprendedores.es/gestion/a25568326/crowdfunding-financiacion-colectiva-alternativa-particulares-startup-pyme-plataformas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;financiacion participativa_texto español&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De momento, y a fecha de hoy, en España operan, con la autorización previa de la Comisión Nacional de Mercado de Valores (CNMV), estas 26 plataformas de financiación participativa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Micromecenazgo&lt;/em&gt; sería un error de traducción, a menos que el proyecto sea cultural. El &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; nada tiene que ver necesariamente con proyectos pequeños ni con microfinanza en sí. Claro, existen iniciativas que tratan de los dos casos. Se utiliza el &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; en proyectos de desarrollo económico por cuanto es fácil contactar con la gente en el internet. Muchas veces son pequeños pero no siempre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En sí, el &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt; es levantamiento de fondos por internet abierto a todos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T15:27:09.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28842" CreationDate="2019-03-12T22:57:28.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, pienso que &quot;migajas&quot; es más un &lt;strong&gt;despectivo&lt;/strong&gt; que un diminutivo. Lo que ocurre, a mi juicio, es que las migas se caracterizan por ser pequeñas, así que si son minúsculas son todavía peores. Entonces, que migajas pueda significar &quot;migas más pequeñas&quot; (&quot;diminutivo&quot;) es más bien consecuencia de ser un despectivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como bien apunta @ukemi, &lt;code&gt;migas&lt;/code&gt; se usa poco, al menos en España, excepto para el plato tradicional (que por cierto recomiendo, aunque llena rápidamente el estómago). Sí es frecuente el singular &lt;code&gt;miga&lt;/code&gt;. La miga del pan es la parte blanda del interior, lo que no es corteza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por su parte, &lt;code&gt;migajas&lt;/code&gt; significa &quot;los restos&quot;, pero se caracteriza por ser &quot;demasiado poco&quot;. Una persona que piense: &lt;code&gt;yo me quedo solamente con las migajas&lt;/code&gt; probablemente se sienta muy ofendida, ya que cree injusto que le toque mucha menos cantidad de lo que le corresponde. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más aún, las migajas son &lt;strong&gt;lo que sobra de otros&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, &lt;strong&gt;lo que los demás se han dejado&lt;/strong&gt;, bien porque no quieren, bien porque ya no pueden más y por eso sobra. En ese sentido, &quot;migaja&quot; es profundamente despectivo, ya que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es lo que otros no han querido. Otros lo desprecian, y sin embargo para ti es lo único que queda. Solamente te queda lo que otros desprecian.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;O bien es lo que ha sobrado de los otros; pero, si sobra, sigue dando a entender que, si los demás volvieran a querer, volverían a ser para ellos y tú te quedarías sin nada. Eso te relega a un papel totalmente secundario, lo cual es un gran desprecio.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="14615" LastEditDate="2019-03-15T18:47:05.037" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T18:47:05.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28852" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28854" CreationDate="2019-03-13T04:18:45.073" Score="3" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;I realize that &quot;it&quot; is excluded in Spanish (for the most part) and is not used today. &quot;eso&quot; and &quot;esto&quot; do not mean the same thing nor do él and ella. But what was the old Spanish word for &quot;it&quot; before &quot;it&quot; dropped out of existence ?  I want to say I read some where that it is &quot;lo.&quot; &quot;lo&quot; makes sense to me because &quot;ce que&quot; in French is &quot;lo que&quot; in Spanish. What happened to it (no pun intended) in ancient Spanish ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8748" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T08:01:37.970" Title="What happened to &quot;it&quot; as a subject in old Spanish?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;español-medieval&gt;&lt;sujeto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28852" CreationDate="2019-03-13T07:54:08.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish can be either &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt;, except when connected to a verb in which case it can be any of &lt;em&gt;lo, la,&lt;/em&gt; and arguably &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a subject, though, &lt;em&gt;él&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt; are restricted to animate subjects (such that &lt;em&gt;La mesa está allí.  &lt;strong&gt;Ella&lt;/strong&gt; es alta&lt;/em&gt; is incorrect, but &lt;em&gt;La mujer está allí.  &lt;strong&gt;Ella&lt;/strong&gt; es alta&lt;/em&gt; is fine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that even when used with animate subjects, the use of &lt;em&gt;él/ella&lt;/em&gt; is fairly redundant.  They're really only used to disambiguate when you have two differently people of different genders that could reasonably be the subject, or for some particular emphasis.  In the case of &lt;em&gt;ello&lt;/em&gt;, which always refers to a general thing that cannot be sourced to a single concrete noun, there is generally enough context to not confuse the sentence with an animate subject.  Likewise for inanimate objects.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, unlike French, which generally only preserves endings in writing, but not speech, the pronouns aren't needed because the endings are still very much preserved in speech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately the reasoning is probably multiple in nature: well-preserved endings, obvious contextual clues, and other ways (as you mentioned with the demonstratives) to distinguish if absolutely necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T07:54:08.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28852" CreationDate="2019-03-13T08:01:37.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know exactly what you mean, there is an equivalent word for &quot;it&quot; in Spanish: &lt;strong&gt;ello&lt;/strong&gt; (from Latin &lt;em&gt;illud&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Cambridge Dictionary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/it&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;used as the subject of a verb, or the object of a verb or preposition, &lt;strong&gt;to refer to a thing, animal, situation, or idea that has already been mentioned&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ESsilCu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;él, ella, ello&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pron. person. 3.ª pers. m., f. y n. Forma que, en nominativo o precedida de preposición, &lt;strong&gt;designa a la persona, el animal o la cosa de&#xA;  los que se habla&lt;/strong&gt;, por oposición a quien enuncia el mensaje y a su&#xA;  destinatario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part that I've highlighted is practically a word-by-word translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;n&quot; in &quot;m., f. y n&quot; means &lt;strong&gt;neutral&lt;/strong&gt;, it applies when the referenced element have got no specific gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe you're talking why &quot;It is raining&quot; is translated as &quot;Está lloviendo&quot;. What did happen with the &quot;it&quot;? I'm no Latin expert but I think that we have inherited that. The word &quot;it&quot; didn't dissapear from Medieval Spanish, it wasn't even there. There is no need in Spanish to explicitly mark the subject with a pronoun because that information is already present in the verb tense, like in Latin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T08:01:37.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28816" CreationDate="2019-03-13T13:49:06.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es una metáfora para las personajes inmóviles y silencios de un cuadro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre las metáforas de corte estructural cabe destacar casos como p. ej. el concepto &lt;em&gt;&quot;quedarse asombrado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, expresado mediante el dominio de la &lt;em&gt;&quot;inmovilidad&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, con distintas variantes: &lt;em&gt;quedarse de piedra; &lt;strong&gt;quedarse a cuadros&lt;/strong&gt;; quedarse muerto; quedarse blanco; quedarse pasmado; quedarse pegado; quedarse boquiabierto;&lt;/em&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NQ-yDQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA4&amp;amp;dq=quedarse+&amp;quot;a+cuadros&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Actas del XXIII Congreso Internacional de Linguística y Filología Románica:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Salamanca, 24-30 septiembre 2001, Volume 2, Part 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota que, aunque puede parecer más lógico decir 'como un cuadro', las locuciones adverbiales se forman de muchas maneras:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No obstante, algunos complementos mantienen con el verbo&#xA;  una relación más estrecha, por lo que ya no pueden considerarse&#xA;  marginales. El verbo selecciona diversas locuciones que&#xA;  completan su significación, de manera que se establece una&#xA;  especie de selección léxica entre ambos. En esta circunstancia se&#xA;  encuentran las locuciones que complementan a verbos de&#xA;  estado, a verbos de lengua, a verbos de percepción, etc. Se ha de&#xA;  resaltar que las locuciones adverbiales que manifiestan esta&#xA;  correspondencia son precisamente las de modo o manera y no&#xA;  las temporales o locativas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Buena parte de las locuciones registradas aparecen con verbos de estado, como &quot;estar&quot;, &quot;dejar&quot; o &quot;quedarse&quot;, pese a que los significados de las locuciones son diversos: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a cuadros&lt;/strong&gt;, de piedra, con la boca abierta, con un palmo de narices, de mal humor, de perfil, de plantón, en blanco, en el aire...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LpsdAQAAIAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La Fraseología Del Español Coloquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Leonor Ruíz (1998)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(2. Sintaxis | 2. 1. Locuciones adverbiales | 2. 1. 1. Como modificadores del verbo)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T14:06:27.317" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T14:06:27.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28857" CreationDate="2019-03-13T14:20:02.603" Score="5" ViewCount="983" Body="&lt;p&gt;He estado leyendo unos artículos en español para mejorar, y una frase en este &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nytimes.com/es/2019/03/04/adiccion-al-celular/?action=click&amp;amp;contentCollection=reposado&amp;amp;region=rank&amp;amp;module=package&amp;amp;version=highlights&amp;amp;contentPlacement=1&amp;amp;pgtype=collection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo&lt;/a&gt; me ha confundido mucho: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ella me recomendó concentrarme más en &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; bien que me sentía por ver menos la pantalla que en &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; tarde que quizá haya llegado a eventos como el divorcio de Jeff Bezos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué hay tantos &quot;lo&quot; en esa frase ni a qué se refieren. Y más importante, ¿qué significa la parte &quot;en lo tarde que quizá haya llegado a eventos&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Significa &lt;em&gt;&quot;in that the events might arrive late&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Y por qué no dice &quot;en que quizá los eventos hayan llegado tarde&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21369" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-03-14T11:59:51.243" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T20:30:47.363" Title="¿Por qué aparece la palabra &quot;lo&quot; en esta frase? &quot;Ella me recomendó centrarmé más en *lo* bien ... que en *lo* tarde que...&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28856" CreationDate="2019-03-13T14:41:34.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lo&quot; en estas frases funciona como artículo. &#xA;Para entender por qué aparece imagínate la frase con dos sustantivos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ella me recomendó concentrarme más en &lt;em&gt;mis estudios&lt;/em&gt; que en &lt;em&gt;el trabajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El trabajo es masculino, por eso tiene el artículo &quot;el&quot;. Estudios es masculino plural por eso tiene el artículo pronominal &quot;mis&quot; (en femenino sería igual).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si ahora sustituyes el complemento por una oración subordinada, ya no puedes ponerle un artículo masculino o femenino, porque la oración subordinada no tiene género. Por eso se utiliza el artículo neutro &quot;lo&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta la playa  =&gt;  Me gusta lo que dices&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pienso en la playa =&gt; Pienso en lo que dices&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu ejemplo hay otra &quot;indirección&quot; más. Porque la oración subordinada se aplica a un adjetivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me gusta lo que dices =&gt; Me gusta lo bien que lo dices&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me concentro en la música =&gt; Me concentro en lo buena que es la música&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a la segunda parte de tu pregunta, hay una sutil diferencia entre &quot;en que quizá los eventos hayan llegado tarde&quot; y &quot;lo tarde que quizá hayan llegado los eventos&quot;. En el primer ejemplo se concentra en si los eventos han llegado tarde o no. En el segundo ejemplo en cuan tarde han llegado. El primero es algo binario y el segundo es una gradación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-14T11:02:41.093" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T11:02:41.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28856" CreationDate="2019-03-13T15:15:18.357" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No estaba seguro de cuál era la función de esos &quot;lo&quot;s que indicas, así que he investigado un poco.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una vez encontrado &lt;a href=&quot;http://emiliomontehernanz.blogspot.com/2011/01/analisis-sintactico-completo-de-las.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este análisis sintáctico&lt;/a&gt; de una frase parecida, he recurrido al D.R.A.E para reafirmar lo expuesto en ese blog. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tu frase ambos &quot;lo&quot;s están actuando como &lt;strong&gt;determinantes neutros&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ESraxkH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el, la, lo [m,f,n]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;art. deter. &lt;strong&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;. Ante adjetivos en masculino singular, complementos prepositivos con la preposición de u oraciones de&#xA;  relativo, forma sintagmas nominales definidos que denotan entidades a&#xA;  las que se atribuyen las propiedades descritas por tales&#xA;  modificadores. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;em&gt;Le encanta lo étnico.&lt;br/&gt; No me explicaste lo de ayer.&lt;br/&gt; ¿No&#xA;  te interesa lo que dice?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La n que he resaltado es de &lt;strong&gt;neutro&lt;/strong&gt; que es lo que identifica a &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; dentro del grupo de determinantes: el (masculino), la (femenino) y lo (neutro).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahí arriba está la explicación formal, pero a mí me queda más claro la que aparece en el blog que he mencionado antes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No te imaginas &lt;strong&gt;lo bien&lt;/strong&gt; que lo pasé y &lt;strong&gt;lo poco&lt;/strong&gt; que me costó alcanzar el&#xA;  premio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oración compuesta por coordinación copulativa (“y”) y subordinación&#xA;  (dos adjetivas y una sustantiva). La conjunción “y” une dos SN en&#xA;  función de CD, &lt;strong&gt;cuyos núcleos son adverbios sustantivados, “bien” y&#xA;  “poco”, a través del determinante neutro “lo”&lt;/strong&gt;; estos “sustantivos” son&#xA;  los antecedentes de las dos Prop. Sub. Adjs. en función de CN: “que lo&#xA;  pase” (“que” =CCM) y “que…premio” (“que=CCCantidad). Dentro de esta&#xA;  última proposición, hallamos una Prop. Sub. Sust. de Infinitivo (no&#xA;  flexionada) que es “alcanzar el premio”, que es el Sujeto de la&#xA;  Adjetiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resumiendo y simplificando, &lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt; se ha usado para &lt;strong&gt;sustantivar&lt;/strong&gt; los adverbios bien y tarde en tu frase. Creo que @julodnik lo ha expuesto mejor y de forma más legible pero quería añadir la referencia del D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;en lo tarde que quizá haya llegado a eventos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;creo que puede traducirse [Thanks for the help, mdewey!]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how late I might have arrived at events&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El sujeto es yo [I], y no los eventos, como ocurre en tus propuestas. Yo soy el que llega tarde a los eventos. En ambos idiomas se trata de una metáfora, no está hablando de llegar [arrive] físicamente al divorcio de Jeff Bezos, sino de enterarse [be aware] de la noticia tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T19:48:36.250" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T19:48:36.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28862" CreationDate="2019-03-13T16:59:44.380" Score="6" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;No hace mucho leí en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/cartagena/2019/03/12/pillan-cargamento-droga-brasil-destino/1004011.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta noticia&lt;/a&gt; lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El &lt;strong&gt;Fisco&lt;/strong&gt; brasileño interceptó la droga [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  De acuerdo con el &lt;strong&gt;Fisco&lt;/strong&gt;, se trata de la mayor cantidad [...]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Para la identificación de la droga los agentes del &lt;strong&gt;Fisco&lt;/strong&gt; emplearon escáneres [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se puede observar, la palabra &quot;Fisco&quot; aparece escrita con mayúscula inicial en todos los casos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, hasta donde yo sé, &quot;fisco&quot; es un sustantivo común, no un nombre propio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Hzcd6wL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fisco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;fiscus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Erario, tesoro público.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Conjunto de los organismos públicos que se ocupan de la recaudación de impuestos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Moneda de cobre de Venezuela, que equivalía a la cuarta parte de un centavo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso en medios no es unánime: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;amp;q=%22el%20Fisco%22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;la mayoría parecen usar &quot;fisco&quot;, pero hay varios casos de &quot;Fisco&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Es correcto alguno de estos usos de &quot;Fisco&quot; con mayúscula inicial?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T19:21:25.133" Title="¿Es correcto escribir &quot;el Fisco&quot;, así con mayúscula?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;uso-de-mayúsculas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28856" CreationDate="2019-03-13T17:24:20.110" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Esta respuesta viene a complementar las anteriores (hubiera querido hacer un comentario, pero habría sido demasiado extenso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No estoy de acuerdo con el comienzo de la definición de &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; que cita RubioRic, cuando dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante adjetivos en masculino singular...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En realidad, si bien &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; tiene mucho de determinante neutro, también tiene algo de adverbio de cantidad (espero no ser excomulgado por esto). El punto es que, salvo en el caso de las relativas o cuando realmente sustantiva el adjetivo o adverbio que sigue, en muchos casos ese &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; funciona como cuantificador y puede ser reemplazado por &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot;, en cuyo caso puede utilizarse con adjetivos en femenino y en plural:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No podía creer &lt;strong&gt;lo linda&lt;/strong&gt; que estaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es inaudito &lt;strong&gt;lo difíciles&lt;/strong&gt; que se han vuelto estas preguntas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, debo admitir que si reemplazamos &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; por &amp;quot;cuán&amp;quot;, debemos eliminar el relativo &amp;quot;que&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No podía creer &lt;strong&gt;cuán linda&lt;/strong&gt; estaba.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Es inaudito &lt;strong&gt;cuán difíciles&lt;/strong&gt; se han vuelto estas preguntas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la página 356 de &amp;quot;El arte de escribir bien en español - Manual de corrección de estilo&amp;quot;, de María Marta García Negroni (coord.) y Laura Pérgola - Mirta Stern, encontramos esta referencia que contradice la entrada 9 que DRAE asigna a &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;11.7.2.1.2. El artículo neutro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El artículo neutro &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; se une a adjetivos de cualquier género y número y sirve para sustantivarlos. Su valor es a menudo enfático o ponderativo. Ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Tendrías que haber visto lo linda que iba!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¡Tendrías que haber visto lo lindas que iban!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A continuación, pego todo el artículo sobre este tema, que creo puede ser de interés:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gqBUO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gqBUO.png&quot; alt=&quot;García Negroni&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A partir del comentario de RubioRic, es verdad que &amp;quot;lo&amp;quot; no siempre se traducirá como el adverbio interrogativo o exclamativo &amp;quot;how&amp;quot; (o &amp;quot;what&amp;quot;, delante de adjetivo y sustantivo), sino que a veces -- cuando la sustantivación sea más abstracta como dice Negroni en su segundo grupo de ejemplos -- la traducción será la frase nominal equivalente en inglés, con artículo o sin él (lo barato = cheap things / lo cortés = politeness). No obstante, en los ejemplos de OP se usa &amp;quot;how&amp;quot; puesto que se hace referencia al &lt;strong&gt;grado&lt;/strong&gt; de bienestar o al &lt;strong&gt;nivel&lt;/strong&gt; de tardanza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ella me recomendó concentrarme más en lo bien que me sentía por ver menos la pantalla que en lo tarde que quizá haya llegado a eventos como el divorcio de Jeff Bezos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;She recommended that I focus more on &lt;strong&gt;how&lt;/strong&gt; well I felt by reducing the time I looked at my phone screen than on &lt;strong&gt;how&lt;/strong&gt; late I might have learnt about events such as Jeff Bezos's divorce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T20:30:47.363" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28859" CreationDate="2019-03-13T17:43:02.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la Fundéu (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/fisco-con-minuscula-882/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/fisco-con-minuscula-882/&lt;/a&gt;) debe escribirse con minúscula. No obstante, me llama la atención que parece circunscribirse a los ejemplos en cuestión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Por tanto, &lt;strong&gt;en los ejemplos citados&lt;/strong&gt;, lo adecuado habría sido escribir «Las deudas con el fisco se han disparado de forma alarmante» y «Existe el temor de que el defraudador acabe esquivando el pago al fisco».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En tus ejemplos, @walen, &quot;fisco&quot; se asimila a &quot;estado&quot;, y esto dice la Fundéu al respecto: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/estado-uso-de-mayusculas-y-minusculas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/estado-uso-de-mayusculas-y-minusculas/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi opinión es que &quot;Fisco&quot; puede escribirse con mayúscula cuando es sinónimo de &quot;Estado&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-13T18:54:48.533" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T18:54:48.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28859" CreationDate="2019-03-13T19:21:25.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo sugeriría seguir lo que dice &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Hzcd6wL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DPD con respecto al uso de mayúscula&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.28.&lt;/strong&gt; Determinados nombres, cuando designan entidades o colectividades institucionales: &lt;em&gt;la Universidad, el Estado, el Ejército, el Reino, la Marina, la Judicatura, el Gobierno&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, en este caso, &lt;code&gt;el Fisco&lt;/code&gt; podría usar mayúscula en tanto se refiere a la colectividad institucional encargada de recaudar impuestos. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-03-13T19:21:25.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28838" CreationDate="2019-03-14T02:25:20.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Con base en el mapa de diccionarios de la RAE, la acepción aparece como desusada desde 1992. Buscando con un poco de paciencia en el CORDE, en &lt;em&gt;Niebla&lt;/em&gt; de Unamuno (1918) se usa el término como un saludo habitual. Si se revisa durante el siglo XIX, casi todos los ejemplos son del corte repetido (hola hola), lo que dejaría casi que para el final de ese siglo los inicios del saludo habitual. (Pasa algún tiempo mientras se hace popular un término en el habla y se empieza a escribir)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T02:25:20.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28838" CreationDate="2019-03-14T19:14:23.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;El artículo siguiente analiza esta exacta pregunta, la evolución de la forma &lt;em&gt;hola&lt;/em&gt;. En su conclusión dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... el empleo de la forma hola como saludo está ya normalizado en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, puesto que al aparecer en la lengua escrita es presumible que fuese de&#xA;  uso habitual en la lengua oral, a pesar de que no se registra en el Diccionario de&#xA;  Autoridades hasta finales de dicho siglo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://online.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/abs/10.3828/bhs.2013.54&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Análisis pragmático del marcador&lt;/em&gt; hola &lt;em&gt;en el teatro de Calderón de la Barc&lt;/em&gt;a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además hay este gráfico:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hWjLT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hWjLT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-03-14T19:14:23.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28843" CreationDate="2019-03-14T20:41:54.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Las hijas son inteligentes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problemas : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿ De quién son las hijas ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. “Las hijas de Pedro son inteligentes” or “Mis hijas son inteligentes”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de inteligentes no tiene nada de malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21362" LastEditorDisplayName="user21362" LastEditDate="2019-03-16T10:54:40.920" LastActivityDate="2019-03-16T10:54:40.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-15T02:34:10.410" Score="6" ViewCount="2525" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do we say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te digo [a ti] / &lt;strong&gt;le&lt;/strong&gt; digo [a usted]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no te preocupes [tú] / no &lt;strong&gt;se&lt;/strong&gt; preocupe [usted]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aren't these equal in terms of grammar? If so, why with &quot;tú&quot; in both cases it's &quot;te&quot;, but with &quot;usted&quot; it's &quot;le&quot; and &quot;se&quot;? How do I know when to use &quot;se&quot; and when &quot;le&quot; with &quot;usted&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21375" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-15T08:09:05.853" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T22:43:42.740" Title="&quot;Se&quot; and &quot;le&quot; with &quot;usted&quot;, but always &quot;te&quot; with &quot;tú&quot;" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28867" CreationDate="2019-03-15T06:18:10.947" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, let's make a brief clarification: &lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt;, in Spanish, is always &lt;strong&gt;gramatically treated as a third person&lt;/strong&gt; (the same as &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ella&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ellos&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ellas&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, to your question. Indeed, &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; are all personal pronouns. They're a special type of personal pronoun that we call &lt;strong&gt;pronómbres personales átonos&lt;/strong&gt;. They can basically play two roles: as the &lt;strong&gt;verb complement&lt;/strong&gt; (direct or indirect), or as the &lt;strong&gt;reflexive particle&lt;/strong&gt; that you put before or after a verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at this useful table of pronómbres personales átonos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x1752.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x1752.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you may note, for the first, and second person pronouns (&lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;tú&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nosotros&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ustedes&lt;/code&gt;), there are &lt;strong&gt;only distinctions between singular and plural cases&lt;/strong&gt;. However, in the third person pronouns (&lt;code&gt;usted&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;él&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ella&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ellos&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ellas&lt;/code&gt;), &lt;strong&gt;there are distinctions regarding number (sing. or plur.), gender (m. or f.), and syntactic  function (direct obj., indir. obj., or reflexive).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first set of sentences that you put as an example, &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt; are being used as the &lt;strong&gt;indirect object&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;A ti&lt;/code&gt;: 2nd person singular = &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;A usted&lt;/code&gt;: 3rd person singular as indirect object = &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second pair of examples, &lt;code&gt;le&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt; are being used as reflexive particles of the verb &lt;code&gt;preocuparse&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tú&lt;/code&gt;: 2nd person singular = &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Usted&lt;/code&gt;: 3rd person as reflexive = &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="2268" LastEditDate="2019-03-15T22:43:42.740" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T22:43:42.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31488" CreationDate="2019-03-15T12:00:42.430" Score="4" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hace poco pregunté por la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28821/traducci%C3%B3n-de-crowdfunding&quot;&gt;Traducci&amp;#243;n de &amp;quot;crowdfunding&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Esa pregunta la hice en parte para poder tomarla como referencia en esta que hago ahora.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El &lt;em&gt;crowdlending&lt;/em&gt; es cuando un particular o empresa contrata un préstamo con una entidad financiera y ésta, a su vez, obtiene el capital a prestar a través de las aportaciones de múltiples inversores particulares.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Por ejemplo: yo cojo un préstamo de 500€ al 10% con CofiBank, y CofiBank pone 100€ y le pide los otros 400€ a 40 personas que pone cada una 10€. Cuando yo devuelva los 550€, CofiBank obtendrá 110€ y los 40 inversores particulares obtendrán 11€ cada uno.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como veis, se podría considerar un tipo de &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt;, pero tiene ciertas características concretas (aplica a préstamos exclusivamente, no hay altruismo ninguno, etc.) que hacen que no sean lo mismo o, al menos, se diferencien lo bastante como para que en inglés se usen dos términos distintos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta arriba enlazada, las respuestas ofrecidas fueron &quot;microfinanciación colectiva&quot;, &quot;financiación colectiva&quot;, &quot;financiación en masa&quot;, &quot;financiación participativa&quot; y &quot;micromecenazgo&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;La respuesta aceptada fue &quot;&lt;strong&gt;financiación colectiva&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con eso en mente, &lt;strong&gt;¿cómo traduciríais &lt;em&gt;crowdlending&lt;/em&gt; de manera que refleje la diferencia con el &lt;em&gt;crowdfunding&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T15:25:29.137" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T15:25:29.137" Title="Traducción de &quot;crowdlending&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;economía&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28870" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29170" CreationDate="2019-03-15T14:01:28.703" Score="9" ViewCount="547" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;... &lt;strong&gt;intereso&lt;/strong&gt; que la sala &lt;strong&gt;deduzca&lt;/strong&gt; testimonio de particulares por delito de falso testimonio al juzgado de guardia.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevo un par de días dándole vueltas a esta frase.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ninguno de los significados de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=LtrPccN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interesar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; me cuadra con el uso &lt;em&gt;&quot;intereso &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; (alguien haga algo)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, y ninguno de los significados de &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=C0u0Q9o&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;deducir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; me cuadra con el uso &lt;em&gt;&quot;(alguien) deduzca (algo) &lt;strong&gt;al&lt;/strong&gt; juzgado&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Algún abogado o jurista podría explicar la manera en que se están usando estos verbos aquí?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T15:54:13.633" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T21:35:56.973" Title="Significados jurídicos de &quot;interesar&quot; y &quot;deducir&quot;" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28870" CreationDate="2019-03-15T14:15:26.457" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deducir&lt;/em&gt; aquí se usa con el sentido de &quot;Restar o descontar...&quot;, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strike_from_the_record&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;strike from the record&quot;&lt;/a&gt; se suela usar en cortes americanos. Esta ambigüedad se evita en inglés en que los dos sentidos tienen dos verbos distintos: &lt;em&gt;deduce&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;deduct&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interesar&lt;/em&gt; se usa con el sentido de “solicitar o recabar de alguien...”: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rebeccajowers.com/2018/02/22/use-of-interesar-in-legal-texts/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/interesar-legal.1065542/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rather than “to manifest interest” as the term is sometimes rendered, in legal contexts &lt;em&gt;interesar&lt;/em&gt; often has the meaning of &lt;em&gt;solicitar&lt;/em&gt; (to request, to petition, to motion, etc.), especially when used in pleadings and other court documents. As defined in the DLE, “interesar may mean &lt;em&gt;“solicitar o recabar de alguien, datos, noticias, resoluciones, etc.”&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-15T14:20:27.640" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T14:20:27.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28873" CreationDate="2019-03-15T19:30:30.003" Score="4" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am speaking to a waiter or a store keeper, my first instinct is to use &quot;plural you&quot; conjugation, since I'm technically speaking to a representative of an organization with multiple members:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué cervezas tienen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the &quot;plural you&quot; conjugation appropriate or should I use the usted form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Qué cervezas tiene?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21381" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-03-15T20:14:50.557" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T20:14:50.557" Title="Conjugation of &quot;tener&quot; when speaking to a waiter" Tags="&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;ustedeo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28872" CreationDate="2019-03-15T20:09:09.693" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both forms are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say you are talking to a person so you could use singular but the person is representing a business so plural is also correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess there are regional preferences but I can tell you that in Colombia either one can be used but we tend to use more the singular than the plural because we tend to be more informal when speaking to waiters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common ways for us are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué cervezas tiene? (usted)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué cervezas tienes? (tu)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or since we use &lt;em&gt;voseo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué cervezas tenés? (vos)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T20:14:13.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28842" CreationDate="2019-03-15T20:20:53.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since my comment has a few votes already I'll make it into an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Colombia &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt; are bigger like when you split the bread with you fingers by pinching it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of getting little pieces of bread has the by product of very tiny particles that are the &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt; that usually end up on the table or on the floor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt; you eat but the &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt; are too tiny to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the main difference between them, for us, is the size which is obvious since &lt;em&gt;migajas&lt;/em&gt; is the diminutive of &lt;em&gt;migas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T20:20:53.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28347" CreationDate="2019-03-16T15:48:21.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;¡Hola Charlie!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Español (castellano), se pueden usar indistintamente. Como bien dices, tienen unas pequeñas diferencias de uso, pero no suelen ser importantes. Te doy algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;El agua se &lt;strong&gt;transformó&lt;/strong&gt; en hielo / El agua se &lt;strong&gt;convirtió&lt;/strong&gt; en hielo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo para personas sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Clark Kent se &lt;strong&gt;convirtió&lt;/strong&gt; en Superman / Clark Kent se &lt;strong&gt;transformó&lt;/strong&gt; en Superman.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sólo conozco un ejemplo en el que se suele usar siempre convertir en lugar de transformar y es para explicar una conversión religiosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La tribu se &lt;strong&gt;convirtió&lt;/strong&gt; al cristianismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso nunca se suele usar transformar. Un hispanohablante te entenderá sin importar si usas convertir o transformar, pero en este caso concreto es más común usar convertir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero haberte ayudado :-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20951" LastActivityDate="2019-03-16T15:48:21.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28956" CreationDate="2019-03-16T21:24:59.163" Score="6" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recientemente, entre las muchas noticias de cada día, ha venido surgiendo una polémica en España acerca de la figura legislativa del &lt;strong&gt;decreto&lt;/strong&gt;, con sus consiguientes cruces de acusaciones. Los que más se escuchan son tanto &lt;strong&gt;real decreto&lt;/strong&gt; como &lt;strong&gt;decreto ley&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi duda surge cuando se utilizan ambas expresiones en plural. En el primer caso no hay duda; es &lt;code&gt;reales decretos&lt;/code&gt;, puesto que &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; es un adjetivo. Sin embargo, el segundo no lo tengo tan claro. En muchos informativos vienen empleando la expresión &lt;code&gt;decretos leyes&lt;/code&gt;, mientras que también es habitual escuchar &lt;code&gt;decretos ley&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Investigando un poco, la RAE, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/palabras-clave-o-palabras-claves-copias-pirata-o-copias-piratas&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Palabras clave o palabras claves, copias pirata o copias piratas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sugiere que lo correcto es mantener el singular del segundo (p.ej. ciudades dormitorio), salvo en el caso de que este pueda funcionar como atributo, en cuyo caso son válidas ambas formas (países miembro y países miembros), como ya se apuntó en preguntas similares como &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/17474/pa%C3%ADses-miembro-o-pa%C3%ADses-miembros&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;&amp;quot;Pa&amp;#237;ses miembro&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;pa&amp;#237;ses miembros&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, mi pregunta es: &lt;strong&gt;¿Puede funcionar &quot;ley&quot; como atributo, de forma que se pueda decir &quot;decretos leyes&quot;, o debe decirse &quot;decretos ley&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-16T21:43:43.180" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T14:11:18.787" Title="Plural de términos de dos sustantivos: decreto ley" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-17T14:31:11.203" Score="9" ViewCount="1696" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sentence, &quot;Queremos daros una pequeño parte para el viaje a España&quot; (from Olly Richards' &lt;em&gt;Short Stories in Spanish for Beginners, Volume 1&lt;/em&gt;) what is the &quot;os&quot; in &quot;daros&quot; for, if &quot;dar&quot; means &quot;to give&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-17T15:42:18.107" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T13:10:59.253" Title="If &quot;dar&quot; means &quot;to give&quot;, what does &quot;daros&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;enclisis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28880" CreationDate="2019-03-17T15:32:53.623" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the second person plural &lt;em&gt;object&lt;/em&gt; pronoun 'os' (as opposed to the &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt; pronoun 'vosotros'). It means 'you (plural)'. You would also use it where in English you might use 'to you' or 'for you' etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When such a pronoun occurs directly after an infinitive verb (or a gerund, or a positive command), it attaches to the end of the verb (this is called enclisis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Queremos daros - We want to give you (pl.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Queremos darte - We want to give you (sing.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Queremos darle - We want to give him&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T13:10:59.253" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T13:10:59.253" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2019-05-27T20:10:00.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28885" CreationDate="2019-03-17T16:20:44.043" Score="4" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, what’s the difference between “pelo” and “&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/pierna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pierna&lt;/a&gt;”. Both mean “leg”, but when would you use one over the other? Please explain making reference to the below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pero dicen que Fernández tiene una lesión en la pierna&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;(But they say that Fernández has an injury to his leg.)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Me estás tomando el pelo!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;(You’re pulling my leg!)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A ella tomaré el pelo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;That will wind her up.(She, I will pull her leg)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I note that &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/pelo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pelo&lt;/a&gt; is defined as hair. So in Spanish, is the idiom actually &quot;You are pulling my hair?&quot; but it's translated as &lt;code&gt;leg&lt;/code&gt; to make more sense in English? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-17T21:15:49.153" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T21:15:49.153" Title="What’s the difference between “pelo” and “pierna”?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28884" CreationDate="2019-03-17T17:41:22.833" Score="4" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tú no tienes que explicar nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't the use of both &quot;no&quot; and &quot;nada&quot; make this a double negative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21381" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-17T18:30:49.907" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T19:50:25.960" Title="Valid phrase seems like a double negative: 'Tú no tienes que explicar nada'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28883" CreationDate="2019-03-17T19:50:25.960" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentece is correct as is now: it is not a double negative but the way a sentence with &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; needs to be written down if &lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt; occurs after the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=nada&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;nada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in DPD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nada&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. Pronombre indefinido que significa ‘ninguna cosa’. Los adjetivos a él referidos deben ir en masculino singular: &lt;em&gt;«Nada es nuevo en la vida»&lt;/em&gt; (Paso Palinuro [Méx. 1977]); &lt;em&gt;«No observó nada extraño en el comportamiento del presunto asesino»&lt;/em&gt; (Abc [Esp.] 27.11.87). Como se ve en el ejemplo anterior, &lt;strong&gt;cuando va pospuesto al verbo exige que este vaya en forma negativa, precedido del adverbio &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;, o, si no, que haya en la oración algún otro elemento negativo&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;jamás&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nunca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;nadie&lt;/em&gt;, etc.): &lt;em&gt;«Allí nunca ocurría nada»&lt;/em&gt; (Quevedo Genes [Cuba 1996]); &lt;em&gt;«En esta ocasión nadie vio nada, nadie oyó nada»&lt;/em&gt; (Mundo [Esp.] 22.11.94); pero si va antepuesto al verbo, este no debe ir en forma negativa: &lt;em&gt;«Este hecho nada tiene de singular»&lt;/em&gt; (Abc [Esp.] 21.6.86). Es, pues, incorrecto utilizar nada como sujeto antepuesto a un verbo en forma negativa, como ocurre a veces por influjo del catalán o del francés: &lt;em&gt;«Este es el camino y nada no nos moverá»&lt;/em&gt; (DTarragona@ [Esp.] 4.5.05); debió decirse &lt;em&gt;nada nos moverá&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T19:50:25.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28882" CreationDate="2019-03-17T19:51:36.023" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I note that Pelo is defined as hair. So in Spanish, is the idiom actually &quot;You are pulling my hair?&quot; but it's translated as leg to make more sense in English?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is exactly the case. &lt;em&gt;Pelo&lt;/em&gt; means hair. 'Tomar el pelo' is an idiom which has the same meaning as 'to pull someone's leg' (or to wind someone up, or to kid someone, or to have someone on etc) does in English, but is different in &lt;em&gt;literal&lt;/em&gt; meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For idioms like these, when translated to a different language they are normally translated to a similar phrase if it exists. As you note, there can be some subtlety lost if a 1-1 analogue doesn't exist in the target language, and in those cases the translator may have to get more creative, but coincidentally &quot;Tomar el pelo'&quot; and &quot;to pull someone's leg&quot; are pretty much identical in meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-17T19:57:43.407" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T19:57:43.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28886" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28887" CreationDate="2019-03-17T19:56:21.610" Score="8" ViewCount="302" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed some people from Andalusia pronouncing the combination &quot;st&quot; in reverse in a word, as &quot;ch&quot; (for example &quot;donde está&quot; will sound like &quot;donde echá&quot;). Is it a particularity of the local accent of some kind of slang? In what areas, if any, can this pronunciation be heard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21392" LastEditorUserId="13538" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-05-09T16:29:57.253" LastActivityDate="2020-05-09T16:29:57.253" Title="Pronunciation of the combination &quot;st&quot; in Spanish accents" Tags="&lt;españa&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;dialectos&gt;&lt;fonología&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28886" CreationDate="2019-03-17T21:00:57.517" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;This affrication of &lt;code&gt;/st/&lt;/code&gt; is indeed particular to Western Andalusian:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An affricated dentoalveolar stop [t&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;] (&lt;em&gt;listo&lt;/em&gt; [ˈlit&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;o]) has been described as a variant of /st/-clusters. This sound is perceptually and acoustically similar to [t&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;], another /st/-allophone in Seville Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://edizioni.sns.it/en/downloadable/download/sample/sample_id/17/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Affrication of /st/-clusters in Western Andalusian Spanish: variation and change from a sociophonetic point of view&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Hanna Ruch (2010)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The study reports that it more often occurs in younger, educated speakers, and in informal speech:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The frequency of occurrence of [t&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;] was negatively correlated with&#xA;age and speech formality level, and positively correlated with the level of education. The social distribution of [t&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;] suggests a sound change in progress in Seville Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The study posits the novel sound change: [ht] ⟶ [t&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;] ⟶ [t&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;] (noting that this affricate has not been described in the traditional dialectological studies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note the distinction between Eastern and Western realization of /s/ aspiration when it occurs before consonants (pre- and post- respectively):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Eastern Andalusian Spanish, /sp, st, sk/ clusters are usually realized with preaspiration [hp, ht, hk], whereas in Western Andalusian Spanish, postaspiration [p&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;, t&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;, k&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;] is much more frequent, at&#xA;least among younger speakers...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T13:33:09.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28880" CreationDate="2019-03-17T21:50:55.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Daros&lt;/em&gt; is used just in Spain, it means give you in plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some countries of Latin America we use &lt;em&gt;darles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21394" LastActivityDate="2019-03-17T21:50:55.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5557" CreationDate="2019-03-18T07:59:00.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Syllable final s-aspiration is a distinctive feature of many dialects of Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Debuccalization of coda /s/&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In much of Latin America—especially in the Caribbean and in coastal and lowland areas of Central and South America—and in the southern half of Spain, syllable-final /s/ is either pronounced as a voiceless glottal fricative, [h]) (debuccalization, also frequently called &quot;aspiration&quot;), or not pronounced at all. In some varieties of Hispanic American Spanish (notably Honduran Spanish) this may also occur intervocalically within an individual word, as with &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, which may be pronounced as [nohotroh].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Debuccalization_of_coda_/s/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_dialects_and_varieties#Debuccalization_of_coda_/s/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note however that the specific combination /sr/ in e.g. &lt;em&gt;Israel&lt;/em&gt; is often assimilated to /r/ in some Spanish dialects which do not feature pre-consonantal s-aspiration or assimilation generally (note the author uses [R] to represent the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_trills#Voiced_alveolar_trill&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;voiced apical trill&lt;/a&gt; [r]):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. The cluster s̲r̲, whether divided by a word boundary or as in l̲o̲s̲ ̲r̲i̲c̲o̲s̲ or within a word as in I̲s̲r̲a̲e̲l̲ (which, along with i̲s̲r̲a̲e̲l̲i̲t̲a̲ etc., is the unique example of morpheme-internal s̲r̲), has a number of pronunciations. Navarro Tomás (1965, pp. 109-123) states that simply [R], with the s̲ completely absorbed, is a normal Castilian pronunciation of this cluster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/12999#files-area&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spanish phonology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Harris (1967) (p.52)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;84 Pronunciación de la s. § 110&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el grupo &lt;em&gt;sr&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;israelita, los reyes, dos reales&lt;/em&gt;) la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; se &#xA;  sonoriza como en los casos precedentes; pero la punta &#xA;  de la lengua, arrastrada por la enérgica articulación de &#xA;  la &lt;strong&gt;r̄&lt;/strong&gt; siguiente, abandona la forma característica de la &#xA;  estrechez redondeada que la punta de la lengua forma &#xA;  en la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;, haciendo perder a ésta su timbre sibilante y &#xA;  produciéndose propiamente en vez de la &lt;strong&gt;z&lt;/strong&gt; una &lt;strong&gt;ɹ&lt;/strong&gt;, o sea &#xA;  una &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; fricativa : &lt;strong&gt;iɹr̄aəlíta, lǫɹr̄éyəs, dǫ́ɹr̄əales;&lt;/strong&gt; otras veces, &#xA;  en pronunciación relativamente fuerte, la &lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt; se pierde &#xA;  por completo, aumentándose, en compensación, las vi- &#xA;  braciones de la &lt;strong&gt;r̄&lt;/strong&gt; siguiente. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/manualdepronunci00navauoft/page/84&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Manual de pronunciación española&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Navarro Tomás (p.83-84)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-18T15:41:26.993" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T15:41:26.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30495" CreationDate="2019-03-18T13:21:16.813" Score="5" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un local de tapeo de mi ciudad hay un cartel, precioso por cierto, anunciando una corrida de toros de 1891. Y entre el texto aparecen varias abreviaturas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NhOc8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;detalle de abreviaturas&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se puede ver que algunas de las abreviaturas como Exmo., Exma. y Sra., además del punto habitual al final, llevan también un especie de raya encima; pero otras como Sr. o D. no la llevan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál era la función de esta raya? ¿Qué reglas seguía su utilización? ¿Cuándo empezó a usarse, cuándo se dejó de hacerlo, y por qué?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Añado&lt;/strong&gt;: buscando información sobre esto, &lt;strong&gt;he encontrado menciones de algo llamado &quot;lineta&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; que a veces se usaba en la Edad Media para indicar abreviaturas. &lt;strong&gt;¿Tiene algo que ver?&lt;/strong&gt; Y en tal caso, ¿qué pinta en un cartel cinco siglos posterior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T14:03:46.633" LastActivityDate="2019-05-23T09:14:58.327" Title="Raya sobre abreviaturas" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;abreviaturas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28347" CreationDate="2019-03-18T14:25:38.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Para mi aunque suenan parecidos, pero son completamente distintos los significados. CONVERTIR: es cambiar completamente de Estados . El gusano, se convirtio en una Linda Mariposa. Es conversion totalmente diferente.&#xA;TRANSFORMARSE: una pieza de oro, la transformaron en un hermoso anillo.  Sigue siendo lo mismo solo tiene una forma diferente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21401" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T14:25:38.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28890" CreationDate="2019-03-18T15:44:51.493" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En las abreviaturas por contracción se usa un trazo o una virguilla sobre ellas.&lt;/strong&gt; Tengo entendido que aún se usan; tal vez no con la misma frecuencia, ni en todos los contextos por igual, pero en la escuela secundaria nos enseñaron a usarlas  (México). Por ejemplo (en computadoras y máquinas de escribir es más común usar la virguilla, pero también puedes poner la raya sobre toda la palabra):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Merced = &lt;code&gt;m̃d&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excelentísima = &lt;code&gt;Ex̃ma&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centavo = &lt;code&gt;c̃tv&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fábrica = &lt;code&gt;f̃ca&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si no mal recuerdo, sus reglas de uso son: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sólo se usa en abreviaturas por contracción. Por ejemplo, es incorrecto su uso en abreviaturas por apócope (&lt;code&gt;dir.&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sig.&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;pág.&lt;/code&gt;) o síncope (&lt;code&gt;Dr.&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Sr.&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si se usa la virguilla, se pone en la primera consonante de la abreviatura.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T15:44:51.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28903" CreationDate="2019-03-18T15:52:06.403" Score="26" ViewCount="6649" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is the word &lt;em&gt;Gestapo&lt;/em&gt; feminine? Almost all other (non-abbreviated) loanwords I can think of ending in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; have been absorbed as masculine. Is it because it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/grammatical-gender-of-loanwords.1484689/#post-16665788&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;associated with&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T15:41:22.247" Title="Why is &quot;la Gestapo&quot; feminine?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28896" CreationDate="2019-03-18T16:32:45.687" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La magneto&lt;/em&gt; is rare among &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; terminal words in that it is feminine (at least in some dialects). The &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Ntf3P51&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DLE&lt;/a&gt; gives its ultimate etymology as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;magnes, -ētis&lt;/em&gt; 'imán&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the word has clearly not been directly inherited from Latin&lt;sup&gt;1 2&lt;/sup&gt;, what is its etymology? Does it explain why it is feminine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. The only occurrence of &lt;em&gt;magneto&lt;/em&gt; before 1881 in the RAE's CORDE is one example from the 14th century: &quot;... turniano &lt;strong&gt;magneto&lt;/strong&gt; leboreto...&quot; (&lt;em&gt;Gran crónica de España&lt;/em&gt;, Juan Fernández de Heredia (1385)).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sup&gt;2. The only pre-19th century occurrences of it in Google ngrams are references to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lousada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ancient Magnetum&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Magneto&lt;/em&gt; in Portuguese).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-05-11T09:34:55.000" Title="What is the etymology of &quot;la magneto&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;préstamo-lingüístico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28895" CreationDate="2019-03-18T16:32:45.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we look at its first modern use in Spanish, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22magneto%22&amp;amp;lr=lang_es&amp;amp;tbs=lr:sbd:1,cdr:1,cd_min:1800,cd_max:1899&amp;amp;tbm=bks&amp;amp;source=lnt&amp;amp;sa=X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;earliest appearances&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;em&gt;magneto&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish are as a compound adjective in the phrases &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;máquina magneto-eléctrica&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;aparato magneto-eléctrico&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;. It appears the former term was more common, and the abbreviated form &lt;em&gt;magneto&lt;/em&gt; eventually superseded it in popularity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This etymology is confirmed in the following dictionary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;magneto,&lt;/em&gt; abrev. de &lt;em&gt;máquina magneto-eléctrica&lt;/em&gt; [&amp;lt; lat. &lt;strong&gt;magnēs, -ētis,&lt;/strong&gt; 'iman'], f.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=I_gbBgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA342&amp;amp;lpg=PA342&amp;amp;dq=magneto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lexicón etimológico y semántico del Latín y de las voces actuales que proceden de raíces latinas o griegas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Santiago Segura Munguía (p.342)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The similar word &lt;em&gt;dínamo&lt;/em&gt; appears to be feminine for analogous reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;L'Electrical Review de Londres&lt;/em&gt; propone dos medios de utilizar la fuerza del viento conmbinada con la del agua para obtener una fuerza regular y constante con aplicación á &lt;strong&gt;las máquinas dínamo-eléctricas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zsAKC9-PNUAC&amp;amp;q=%22d%C3%ADnamo%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Revista agustiniana dedicada al Santo Obispo de Hipona en su admirable conversión á la fe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Volume 6 (1883)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-11T09:34:55.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28893" CreationDate="2019-03-18T16:52:11.017" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;In all the Romance languages, &lt;em&gt;gestapo&lt;/em&gt; is feminine despite its ending.  It is most likely that whichever language first imported it (probably either French or Italian) figured that because &lt;em&gt;gestapo&lt;/em&gt; stands in for &lt;em&gt;Geheime Staatspolizei&lt;/em&gt; (policía estatal secreta), the appropriate use would be to make it feminine as with the analogous words &lt;em&gt;la police&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt; (FR)&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;em&gt;la polizia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt; (IT)&lt;/sub&gt; especially considering that &lt;em&gt;polizei&lt;/em&gt; is, coincidentally, also feminine in German.   Spanish and others, in turn, maintained that usage, although it's possible for separately and independently maintaining the feminine nature of &lt;em&gt;policía/polizei&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, even though it ends in &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; which normally pushes words to be masculine, I find that acronyms and abbreviations for organizations tend to maintain the connection to the base noun's gender moreso than more common nouns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-10-03T15:41:22.247" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T15:41:22.247" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28893" CreationDate="2019-03-18T21:43:56.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer for this is simple - but you may not understand it fully if your native language has no specified gender for every word, such as it is in portuguese. The simple reason is that &quot;La Gestapo&quot; refers to &quot;La Policia Gestapo&quot;, and &quot;Policia&quot; (police) is a feminine word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's really no specific rule for which words are masculine and which are feminine and that's why this issue may confuse those whose native language hasn't got this aspect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21407" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T11:48:25.283" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T11:48:25.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28998" CreationDate="2019-03-18T21:49:06.447" Score="4" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently heard the song &quot;En la Macarenita&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQ7A87a2a_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(YouTube link here)&lt;/a&gt;, which is in Spanish, according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://musicatradicional.eu/es/piece/24731&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://musicatradicional.eu/es/piece/24731&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sheet music I have of it includes an English translation, which goes along the lines of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;In Macarenita, he gave me glances&quot;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and describes two people falling in love. However, my understanding of the Spanish, of which some lines (although I cannot find the lyrics online) are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;en la Macarenita, me dieron agua, agua más fría que la nieve en una taya&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless I am mis-translating the lyrics badly, the song literally means &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;in the Macarenita, they gave me water, water colder than snow&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is &quot;agua&quot; a euphemism for looking at someone? Is the song just not in Spanish and in another, very similar language? Or is the whole song just a joke?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sheet music (with lyrics and translations):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KSaGz.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KSaGzs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RrxdP.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RrxdPs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TuxiW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TuxiWs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m0frb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m0frbs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/73zpg.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/73zpgs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qj1JO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qj1JOs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rWNws.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rWNwss.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Page 7&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T15:37:59.863" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T13:26:35.230" Title="Is there a hidden meaning in the lyrics of &quot;En la Macarenita me dieron agua&quot; ? --- song translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28899" CreationDate="2019-03-19T01:31:20.950" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Macarenita&lt;/em&gt; that is referred to in the song is the &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerta_de_la_Macarena_(Seville)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Puerta de la Macarena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in Sevilla, Spain. It's one of the three entrances that remain in what were the ancient city walls. The song says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la Macarenita&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;me dieron agua&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;más fresca que la nieve&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;en una &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Z00HtVa&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;talla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the word is &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;*taya&lt;/em&gt; (the pronunciation would &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C3%ADsmo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;remain the same&lt;/a&gt;). A &lt;em&gt;talla&lt;/em&gt; is a kind of vessel that allows the evaporation of the water stored in it, thus cooling it, which is why the song says &lt;em&gt;agua más fresca que la nieve&lt;/em&gt; &quot;water that is cooler than snow&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's any hidden or figurative meaning to this. The Macarena was one of the main access points to the city, so it makes sense that someone might be selling water to the people who happened to get to the city after a long journey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-19T01:31:20.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28893" CreationDate="2019-03-19T07:35:43.737" Score="12" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it because it is associated with &lt;strong&gt;policía&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is yes &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to the DPD&lt;/a&gt; (Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sigla&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt; 1. Se llama sigla tanto a la palabra formada por las iniciales&#xA;  de los términos que integran una denominación compleja, como a cada&#xA;  una de esas letras iniciales. Las siglas se utilizan para referirse de&#xA;  forma abreviada a organismos, instituciones, empresas, objetos,&#xA;  sistemas, asociaciones, etc.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  4. Género. &lt;strong&gt;Las siglas adoptan el género de la palabra que constituye el núcleo de la expresión abreviada&lt;/strong&gt;, que normalmente ocupa el primer&#xA;  lugar en la denominación: el FMI, por el «Fondo» Monetario&#xA;  Internacional; la OEA, por la «Organización» de Estados Americanos; la&#xA;  Unesco, por la United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural&#xA;  «Organization» (‘Organización de Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la&#xA;  Ciencia y la Cultura’)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me try to translate the quoted text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.We apply the name &lt;strong&gt;sigla&lt;/strong&gt; both to the word formed by the initials of the terms that combine in a complex denomination and to each of the&#xA;  initial letters. Siglas are used to refer in an abbreviated form to&#xA;  organizations, institutions, companies, objects, systems, associations, etc&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  4.Gender. &lt;strong&gt;Siglas adopt the gender of the word that represents the nucleus of the abbreviated expression&lt;/strong&gt;, that which usually occupies the first place in the term: el FMI (&lt;strong&gt;Fondo&lt;/strong&gt; Monetario Internacional; la OEA (&lt;strong&gt;Organización&lt;/strong&gt; de Estados Americanos), la UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural &lt;strong&gt;Organization&lt;/strong&gt;), ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it seems that Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei) follows this rule, its nucleus being polizei.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thinking about this question, I've realized that there is a rare exception to this rule: &lt;strong&gt;KGB&lt;/strong&gt; (in Spanish: Comité para la Seguridad del Estado). I've read both el KGB and la KGB. We can use &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; taking &lt;strong&gt;Comité&lt;/strong&gt; as its nucleus but we also may use &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; because KGB is a secret &lt;strong&gt;police agency&lt;/strong&gt;, like their counterpart la CIA. KGB was an &lt;strong&gt;agency&lt;/strong&gt; and a sort of &lt;strong&gt;police&lt;/strong&gt; like the Gestapo so we use &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; as determiner as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T14:09:32.787" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T14:09:32.787" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28893" CreationDate="2019-03-19T13:26:49.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;Gestapo&quot; is a contraction of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ge&lt;/strong&gt;heime &lt;strong&gt;Sta&lt;/strong&gt;ats&lt;strong&gt;po&lt;/strong&gt;lizei&quot;, and the last word &quot;Polizei&quot;, which is feminine in German, determines the grammatical gender.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cf also the very beginning of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestapo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish Wikipedia entry for Gestapo&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La &lt;strong&gt;Gestapo&lt;/strong&gt; (contracción de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ge&lt;/strong&gt;heime &lt;strong&gt;Sta&lt;/strong&gt;ats&lt;strong&gt;po&lt;/strong&gt;lizei&lt;/em&gt;: 'Policía Secreta del Estado') fue la policía secreta oficial de la Alemania nazi (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until the year 1936 the term &quot;Gestapa&quot; was also in use, a contraction of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ge&lt;/strong&gt;heimes &lt;strong&gt;Sta&lt;/strong&gt;ats&lt;strong&gt;p&lt;/strong&gt;olizei&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;mt&quot;, the last word being neuter in German.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21416" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T11:49:29.487" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T11:49:29.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-19T16:40:34.293" Score="2" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am supposed to transform the following sentence to a grammatically correct one word by word but without changing those bold ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted/importar/&lt;strong&gt;todas&lt;/strong&gt;/el/&lt;strong&gt;especies en peligro&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is wrong with this version, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te importa todas las especies en peligro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21355" LastActivityDate="2020-06-28T13:46:07.690" Title="Is importar a reflexive verb?" Tags="&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28905" CreationDate="2019-03-19T16:57:24.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Importar&lt;/em&gt; works like &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;. In fact you can say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; :: &lt;em&gt;to care&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;em&gt;to like&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; relates to &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; in more or less the same way as English &quot;to care&quot; relates to &quot;to like&quot; (grammatically speaking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a reflexive (pronominal) verb. It has two arguments: the &lt;strong&gt;person&lt;/strong&gt; who cares about something, and the &lt;strong&gt;thing&lt;/strong&gt; that someone cares about. The thing is the grammatical subject, but it tends to be found after the verb, instead of before as usual. The person is an indirect object, or dative, and it tends to be before the verb instead of after. So the usual word is reversed (again, exactly as in &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that your example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Usted/importar/todas/el/especies en peligro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is supposed to mean &quot;you (formal) care about all the endangered species&quot;. In that case the correct sentence in Spanish would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A usted le importan todas las especies en peligro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A usted&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; refer to the same person, but this redundancy is grammatically compulsory in this case. Note that &lt;em&gt;usted&lt;/em&gt; is a second person pronoun but it works like third person, therefore we use &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt;, to refer to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Importan&lt;/em&gt; is in the plural (&lt;em&gt;-n&lt;/em&gt;) because the grammatical subject is &lt;em&gt;todas las especies en peligro&lt;/em&gt;, which is plural. Don't let the unusual order fool you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to &quot;translate&quot; this into English, you could think of &lt;em&gt;importar&lt;/em&gt; as equivalent to &quot;to be important&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A usted le importan todas las especies en peligro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;To you are important all the endangered species.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-19T16:57:24.527" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28910" CreationDate="2019-03-19T20:55:04.010" Score="4" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading this &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28893/20977&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt;, regarding the use of the feminine article alongside the word Gestapo, I started wondering &lt;strong&gt;why, in Spanish, we say &quot;la KGB&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? I mean, why do we use &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;KGB stands for Комит́ет госуд́арственной безоп́асности, or in Spanish, &lt;code&gt;Comité para la Seguridad del Estado&lt;/code&gt;. If &lt;code&gt;Comité&lt;/code&gt; is a masculine word (both in Spanish and Russian), and considering the answers given to the aforementioned question, then I can't explain the wide use of the feminine article alongside the initials KGB.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T15:00:51.603" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T15:00:51.603" Title="Why is &quot;la KGB&quot; feminine?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;artículos&gt;&lt;siglas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28907" CreationDate="2019-03-20T01:19:56.940" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My feeling here is that organizations tend to take the feminine gender because most of them are indeed feminine, beginning with words like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Unión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alianza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Organización&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asociación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comisión&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Comunidad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fundación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this in turn has to do with the fact that the abstract words ending in &lt;em&gt;-ción&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-sión&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-dad&lt;/em&gt; are always feminine in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of &lt;strong&gt;KGB&lt;/strong&gt;, it is absolutely not obvious to the Spanish speaker that this should be feminine, but if you have any idea about the KGB, you'll know that it was either a secret police (&lt;em&gt;policía secreta&lt;/em&gt;) or an intelligence agency (&lt;em&gt;agencia de inteligencia&lt;/em&gt;) or something in between, and of course both &lt;em&gt;policía&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;agencia&lt;/em&gt; are feminine. If you're also used to talking about other organizations of this kind in the feminine, the similarities in meaning will nudge you towards the feminine gender for KGB as well (Gestapo was mentioned; INTERPOL is feminine as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T01:19:56.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28907" CreationDate="2019-03-20T08:06:31.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, being the one that pointed the duplicity of determiners el/la in relation with KGB, let me copy my thesis from &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28893/19307&quot;&gt;the original question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've realized that there is a rare exception to &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=nNmc4LzNaD6zHPhgWc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this rule&lt;/a&gt;: KGB (in&#xA;  Spanish: Comité para la Seguridad del Estado). &lt;strong&gt;I've read both el KGB&#xA;  and la KGB&lt;/strong&gt;. We can use &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; taking &lt;strong&gt;Comité&lt;/strong&gt; as its nucleus but we also may&#xA;  use &lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; because KGB is a &lt;strong&gt;secret police agency&lt;/strong&gt;, like their counterpart&#xA;  la CIA. KGB was an agency and a sort of police like the Gestapo so we&#xA;  use la as determiner as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@phoog pointed in the comments another exceptional related name: &lt;strong&gt;Stasi&lt;/strong&gt;. Stasi means in Spanish &lt;strong&gt;Ministerio para la Seguridad del Estado&lt;/strong&gt;, that is a masculine name but Stasi uses the feminine determiner la in Spanish. It's just my opinion but I think that the use in both cases, KGB and Stasi, of the determiner la is a consecuence of the historical context, the Cold War, where they both fight against their American counterpart the CIA, being the three of them secret police agencies, agencias de policía secreta, feminine in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, let me link &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=el%20kgb%2C%20la%20kgb&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cel%20kgb%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cla%20kgb%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Cel%20kgb%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cla%20kgb%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a NGram&lt;/a&gt; that demonstrates both uses of &lt;strong&gt;el KGB&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;la KGB&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish books. It seems that &lt;strong&gt;la KGB&lt;/strong&gt; is more common these days (probably due to the presence of her counterpart &lt;strong&gt;la CIA&lt;/strong&gt; as I have mentioned) but you can verify that earlier &lt;strong&gt;el KGB&lt;/strong&gt; was used too when it was properly translated as Comité.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3cahA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3cahA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ngram&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kZ3oq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kZ3oq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ngram zoom&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T11:59:13.247" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T11:59:13.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28913" CreationDate="2019-03-20T09:57:55.320" Score="3" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw the following sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi café está amargo. ¿Puedes ponerle azúcar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose the 'le' refers to the coffee?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following sentence I want to introduce the indirect object. How would I say 'to put the bottles in the box'? I attempted it the following way although I'm sure it's not correct:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ponerle las botellas la caja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better to just say the following? is it even correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poner las botellas en la caja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18775" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T10:29:46.347" Title="poner + indirect object pronoun" Tags="&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28911" CreationDate="2019-03-20T10:29:46.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you add &quot;le&quot; you are refering to someone or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi café está amargo. ¿Puedes ponerle [reffering to the cofee] azúcar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to put the bottles in the box you can and are interchangeables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Poner las botellas en la caja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ponerle las botellas &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; la caja&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ponerle las botellas [reffering to the box]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12696" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T10:29:46.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28915" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28916" CreationDate="2019-03-20T13:25:57.020" Score="2" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English, one can use the gender-neutral indefinite pronoun &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_(pronoun)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;one&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One does not simply walk into Mordor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most dialects of modern English, this is rarely used, being replaced by the impersonal &quot;you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does a Spanish equivalent of the pronoun &quot;one&quot; exist? As in German &lt;em&gt;man/einer&lt;/em&gt;, French &lt;em&gt;on&lt;/em&gt;, Catalan &lt;em&gt;hom&lt;/em&gt; etc. Or is the only option to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/12555/use-of-t%C3%BA-when-giving-examples/16438&quot;&gt;impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T13:36:48.927" Title="Does Spanish have an equivalent of the pronoun &quot;one&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28915" CreationDate="2019-03-20T13:36:48.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though it is indeed more common to use the impersonal &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt; in analogues of such phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se entra así como así en Mordor...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/24503/how-would-i-translate-the-following-into-spanish-that-seem-the-require-an-impers&quot;&gt;does&lt;/a&gt; have such a (subject) pronoun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b6iKApr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uno&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, na&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;11.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;pron. indef. m. sing.&lt;/code&gt; Designa a una persona indeterminada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Uno debería saber cómo comportarse en esos casos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T13:36:48.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28440" CreationDate="2019-03-20T14:23:04.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is because these words are &lt;em&gt;cultismos&lt;/em&gt; or learned words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_cr%C3%ADtico_etimol%C3%B3gico_castellano_e_hisp%C3%A1nico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Corominas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;espíritu&lt;/em&gt; was taken directly from Latin in the 13th century:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DERIV. &lt;em&gt;Espíritu&lt;/em&gt;, 1220-50, tom. del lat. &lt;em&gt;spirĭtus, -us&lt;/em&gt;, íd.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;therefore it is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultismo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cultismo&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;em&gt;learned word&lt;/em&gt;, and not a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.culturaclasica.com/lingualatina/del_latin_al_castellano.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;palabra patrimonial&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;em&gt;natural word&lt;/em&gt;. It is a similar story for &lt;em&gt;tribu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ímpetu&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TRIBU,&lt;/strong&gt; 1490 (y ya alguna vez en el S. XIII). Tom. del lat. &lt;em&gt;tribus&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ÍMPETU&lt;/strong&gt; 'empuje', med. S. XV. Tom. del lat. &lt;em&gt;ĭmpĕtus, -us&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For these &lt;em&gt;cultismos&lt;/em&gt;, taken directly from Latin or Greek, the rules of natural language evolution do not apply, because there has not been continuous use from Latin to romance. Sometimes some of the basic rules apply to these words, like in the case of &lt;em&gt;spiritus&lt;/em&gt;, where it loses the final -s, sometimes none. And sometimes these words change in their subsequent history as the language continues evolving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some interesting examples in which two different words have the same origin, one being the natural evolution directly from Latin, the other being a later acquisition or &lt;em&gt;cultismo&lt;/em&gt;. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;operam&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;obra&lt;/strong&gt; (patrominal) or &lt;strong&gt;ópera&lt;/strong&gt; (cultismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;laborare&lt;/strong&gt; &gt; &lt;strong&gt;labrar&lt;/strong&gt; (patrominal) or &lt;strong&gt;laboral&lt;/strong&gt; (cultismo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good introductory reading for these subjects is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.culturaclasica.com/lingualatina/del_latin_al_castellano.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; (in Spanish).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T16:09:09.190" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T16:09:09.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28930" CreationDate="2019-03-20T15:21:49.533" Score="3" ViewCount="1214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mirando el periódico El Espectador de Colombia leí &lt;a href=&quot;https://colombia2020.elespectador.com/territorio/la-minga-indigena-le-responde-al-presidente-duque&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;este titular&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La &lt;em&gt;minga&lt;/em&gt; indígena le responde al presidente Duque&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La minga indígena y campesina del suroccidente colombiano sigue subiendo de tono (...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;minga&lt;/em&gt; me sorprendió, pues en España se entiende como palabra coloquial para &lt;em&gt;pene&lt;/em&gt;, tal y como comentó Charlie en su día en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/22569/1674&quot;&gt;El curioso origen de la palabra &amp;quot;minga&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, el tema del que habla esta noticia es serio y el uso de &lt;em&gt;minga&lt;/em&gt; en nada tiene que ver con lo fálico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El DLE describe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PIgDkJ8%7CPIgkP0D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;minga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del quechua mink'a.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Arg., Chile, Col., Ec., Par. y Perú. Reunión de amigos y vecinos para hacer algún trabajo gratuito en común.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Ec. y Perú. Trabajo agrícola colectivo y gratuito con fines de utilidad social.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero el Diccionario de americanismos va más allá y explica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/srv/search?id=XbGTbmILgx0AU6gya2d%7CgnyipRHr7x0AG2r9HaF%7C0Mk8Ujrdex0Aci9gORt%7CwgjEnzzR0x0Au9wKQPC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;minga&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I. (Del quech. mink'a).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1.  f. Co, Ec, Py; Pe, Ch, Ar, rur. Reunión de amigos y vecinos que solidariamente realizan un trabajo en beneficio de alguno de ellos. (mingaco).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2.  Ec, Bo:SO; Pe, rur. Trabajo agrícola colectivo que se realiza gratuitamente y con fines sociales. (minca).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  3.  Co. Institución social de solidaridad, vigente en los pueblos indígenas y campesinos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  4.  Ar:N, Ur. Fiesta o convite que el beneficiario de un trabajo común ofrece a quienes le han ayudado. rur.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;II.   1.  f. ES. Balón de futbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y yo entiendo que la acepción de la que yo habla correspondería a la entrada I. 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Co. Institución social de solidaridad, vigente en los pueblos indígenas y campesinos.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es así? ¿Qué es exactamente una &lt;em&gt;minga&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T16:55:29.970" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T08:46:48.460" Title="¿Qué es una &quot;minga&quot; en Colombia?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28921" CreationDate="2019-03-20T18:42:33.207" Score="5" ViewCount="1238" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/agradezco&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;agradezco&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (from the verb 'agradecer') and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/gracias&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gracias&lt;/a&gt;&quot;? Both mean &quot;Thank you&quot; but when would you use one over the other? Please explain making reference to the below examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gracias&lt;/strong&gt; por su gentileza.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Thanks, that’s nice of you)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gracias&lt;/strong&gt;, es muy fácil. Voy mañana con mi familia.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;(Thanks, that’s very easy. I’m going tomorrow with my family.)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Te &lt;strong&gt;agradezco&lt;/strong&gt; mucho la invitación, pero…&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Thanks very much the invitation, but…&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Le &lt;strong&gt;agradezco&lt;/strong&gt; mucho.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Thank you very much&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example 5:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas &lt;strong&gt;gracias&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Thank you very much&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-20T20:09:58.070" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T21:21:03.350" Title="What's the difference between &quot;agradezco&quot; and &quot;gracias&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;cortesía&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28923" CreationDate="2019-03-20T20:28:19.240" Score="7" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the following phrases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's cold (referring to the weather)&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Hace frío&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's cold&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;Tiene frío&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; is cold, it seems that the expression is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El café está frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you would not say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El café tiene frío&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: can we ever say simply that 'she is cold'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ella está fría&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the rule as follows? Does it cover everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hacer&lt;/strong&gt; for the weather&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener&lt;/strong&gt; for people&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;estar&lt;/strong&gt; for things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My apologies if this is really obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18775" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T11:17:18.703" Title="How can you say &quot;to be cold&quot; in Spanish? Usage of 'hacer', 'tener', 'estar'" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28919" CreationDate="2019-03-20T21:21:03.350" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say, &quot;agradecer&quot; is a verb, whereas &quot;gracias&quot; is just a noun used as an idiom itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &quot;gracias&quot; in the same way you use &quot;thank you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;Le agradezco que...&quot; means kind of &lt;code&gt;I am grateful that...&lt;/code&gt;. You can also use &lt;code&gt;estoy agradecido&lt;/code&gt;, which would be a more literal translation of &quot;I'm grateful&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T21:21:03.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28928" CreationDate="2019-03-20T22:28:19.963" Score="2" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the computer science/programming world, what would be the best way to translate &quot;technical debt&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concept is described &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Technical debt&lt;/em&gt; (also known as &lt;em&gt;design debt&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;code debt&lt;/em&gt;) is a concept in software development that reflects the implied cost of additional rework caused by choosing an easy solution now instead of using a better approach that would take longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Deuda técnica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; sounds a bit too literal for my taste, but some other opinions/ideas/suggestions would be very welcome. Is &lt;em&gt;&quot;deuda técnica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; the best way to communicate that idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13348" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T10:24:45.073" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T15:08:23.003" Title="How to best translate the IT term &quot;technical debt&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28920" CreationDate="2019-03-20T22:47:58.373" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's more or less as you said, although that's not the whole picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the weather we say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hace frío.&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;Hace calor.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are &lt;strong&gt;impersonal&lt;/strong&gt; sentences; they have no grammatical subject, and the direct object is either &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;calor&lt;/em&gt; or a few phrases involving those nouns and modifiers, like &lt;em&gt;un calor terrible&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;un frío espantoso&lt;/em&gt; (note the article).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the internal feeling of heat or cold experienced by an animate subject (a person, but also maybe an animal), we say things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tengo frío. | Ellas tienen frío. | Tuvimos calor. | El gato tiene calor.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are regular sentences with a subject (implicit or explicit), the verb &lt;em&gt;tener&lt;/em&gt; and a direct object: &lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;calor&lt;/em&gt;. Again you can modify these, e.g. &lt;em&gt;Tuvimos un calor terrible&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;We were terribly hot&quot; (&quot;We experienced a terrible heat&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For inanimate things that cannot &lt;strong&gt;subjectively experience&lt;/strong&gt; heat or cold, we can use either &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; plus an adjective (&lt;em&gt;frío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;, etc.). This is a gigantic topic in itself but mostly the rule is that &lt;em&gt;estar&lt;/em&gt; implies a temporal state, while &lt;em&gt;ser&lt;/em&gt; implies an essential quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La piedra está fría.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;The [=this] stone is [currently] cold.&quot;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La piedra es fría.&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Stone is [essentially] cold.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;estar/ser&lt;/em&gt; + a temperature adjective with an animate object, like a person, can have several different meanings. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estás frío.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;You are cold.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This suggests either the literal meaning &quot;I have touched your skin and it's cold&quot;, &quot;Your body is cold to the touch&quot;, or the figurative meaning &quot;You are aloof, detached, silently angry; you behave coldly, you are distant&quot;, etc. It's the same for &lt;em&gt;caliente&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella está fría&lt;/em&gt; (your example) is not right for your meaning. It would mean either &quot;her body is cold&quot;, which without context suggests we're talking about a corpse, or &quot;she's behaving coldly&quot;. If you just want to say that she feels cold (she's experiencing cold, and you know it or guess it because she has told you so or because she is shivering and rubbing her hands and the like), then there's only one way to say it, which is &lt;em&gt;Ella tiene frío&lt;/em&gt;.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wouldn't ever say &lt;em&gt;El café tiene frío&lt;/em&gt;, unless you were being playful or poetic, because a cup of coffee is a thing, not an animate being capable of experiencing temperature, and &lt;em&gt;tener frío/calor&lt;/em&gt; is only use for that kind of subject. You need to say: &lt;em&gt;El café está frío&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Actually it's not the only way (you could say also &lt;em&gt;Ella siente frío&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Ella está con frío&lt;/em&gt;) but you get the point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T01:09:56.803" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T01:09:56.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28922" CreationDate="2019-03-21T06:26:39.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;em&gt;&quot;deuda técnica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; works OK; however, it's true that in Spanish &lt;em&gt;&quot;técnica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is used in a way that is not always associated with technology: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falta_t%C3%A9cnica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falta técnica&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=G67txjD#6UZEsoO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parada o escala técnica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;...  In these examples, &lt;em&gt;&quot;técnica&quot;&lt;/em&gt; means something like &quot;mandated by the rules&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you want to avoid this meaning, you can use &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;deuda tecnológica&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead, which makes it even more clear — while still being close enough to the original (for a non-native to understand you, I mean).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T08:17:43.950" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T08:17:43.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28922" CreationDate="2019-03-21T07:52:32.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is definitively 'deuda técnica', as you can check in different technical works, for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.enriquedans.com/2017/06/entendiendo-el-concepto-de-deuda-tecnica.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrummanager.net/bok/index.php?title=Deuda_t%C3%A9cnica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It is true that normally these technical or business concepts are not translated, and we use the English term, as in &lt;em&gt;briefing&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;portfolio&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;scrum manager&lt;/em&gt;, etc., but others are translated, as in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldiario.es/hojaderouter/tecnologia/diccionario-tecnologia-RAE-DRAE-terminos-palabras_0_317768422.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can read a good article about the adoption of technological words by RAE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T07:52:32.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28922" CreationDate="2019-03-21T08:41:39.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the literal translation &lt;strong&gt;deuda técnica&lt;/strong&gt; fits perfectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being an IT professional, I didn't know the term, but after reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/product-backlog-and-technical-debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this definition&lt;/a&gt;, I can say that I've experienced it more than once. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Technical debt&lt;/strong&gt; can be defined as the longer term consequences of &lt;strong&gt;poor design&lt;/strong&gt; decisions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to take into account that in software development there is a phase named &lt;strong&gt;technical design&lt;/strong&gt; which is usually translated as &lt;strong&gt;diseño técnico&lt;/strong&gt; (with its namesake documents) and which seems to be the origin of this &lt;strong&gt;technical debt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disagree with @walen, I think that &lt;strong&gt;tecnológica&lt;/strong&gt; is not a adequate in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's check the D.R.A.E&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZJ48HuC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tecnológica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo a la tecnología.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZJ2KRZZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tecnología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Conjunto de teorías y de técnicas que permiten el aprovechamiento práctico del conocimiento científico.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZIkyMDs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;técnica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. Conjunto de procedimientos y recursos de que se sirve una ciencia o un arte.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;f. &lt;strong&gt;Pericia o habilidad para usar una técnica&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, tecnología and técnica may be synonimous. But in IT usually a tecnology identifies a programming language or a bunch of libraries and the tecnical debt is not directly related with that, I think that it has got more to do with how you employ such technology, how you design a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19307" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T15:08:23.003" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T15:08:23.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28918" CreationDate="2019-03-22T03:47:40.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lo que hoy se realiza como minga cuadra similitud a la tercera acepción del DAMER...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso, los pueblos indígenas están realizando una protesta por varios días y lo habitual es que no salga uno o dos pueblos, sino diferentes etnias a realizar estas protestas (ten en cuenta que se reconocen entre 87 y 102 pueblos indígenas actualmente).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el sitio donde protestan, se juntan para colaborarse entre ellos para defensa y manutención (habitualmente se realizan las mingas de este tipo en carreteras, interrumpiendo el paso de vehículos). Igual se pueden organizar mingas en el primer sentido, de trabajar entre varias personas por un bien particular y quizá de ahí surge el tercer significado, de realizar un grupo 'temporal' de varios grupos para solicitar unas demandas a entidades públicas o privadas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T08:46:48.460" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T08:46:48.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29052" CreationDate="2019-03-22T14:15:50.490" Score="14" ViewCount="1088" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España, desde hace algunos decenios, decimos que algo o alguien es &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; para significar que tiene un cúmulo de cualidades positivas, normalmente frescas, alegres, divertidas, simpáticas... El uso se ha extendido de tal forma que ya para decir &lt;em&gt;ok&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;vale&lt;/em&gt; en alguna situación positiva, muchas veces decimos &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt;. Así lo recoge el DLE en su segunda acepción, inlcuida en la edición de 2001:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JmihBh3%7CJmj5DLi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guay&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adj. coloq. Esp. Muy bueno, estupendo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;adv. coloq. Esp. Muy bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, el uso de &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; con esta acepción es relativamente reciente. De hecho, antes tenía un significado totalmente contrario, como indica la primera acepción en el DRAE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JmihBh3%7CJmj5DLi&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;guay&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del gót. wái, y este voz onomat., imit. del lamento; cf. ár. hisp. wáy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interj. desus. poét. ay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tener alguien muchos guayes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loc. verb. desus. Padecer grandes achaques o muchos contratiempos de la fortuna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay muchas teorías respecto a su origen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que viene de &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?guay&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Marruecos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que se trata de un &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2018/05/11/articulo/1526047528_834375.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;autoantónimo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que viene de &lt;em&gt;gay&lt;/em&gt;, de la zarzuela o de &lt;em&gt;YMCA&lt;/em&gt; u otras &lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/foros/leer_asunto1.asp?vCodigo=44826&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;en este foro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero no he podido encontrar ninguna clara. Y lo más fascinante del caso es que somos coetáneos a su aparición, la hemos visto nacer pero no sabemos de dónde viene. ¿Quizás alguno de vosotros pueda arrojar algo de luz?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-14T12:52:54.873" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de &quot;guay&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28933" CreationDate="2019-03-22T15:42:44.920" Score="3" ViewCount="2045" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering why we describe emotions in the past tense using the imperfect tense, because if you were saying &quot;I was sad&quot;, I would think to translate it to &quot;Yo fui triste&quot;, but it would actually be &quot;Yo estaba triste&quot;, I was being sad.  Why is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me preguntaba por qué describimos las emociones en tiempo pasado usando el tiempo imperfecto, porque si dices &quot;I was sad&quot;, pensarías traducirlo a &quot;Yo fui triste&quot;, pero en realidad debería ser &quot;Yo estaba triste&quot;. ¿Por qué es esto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21250" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-22T18:58:32.700" LastActivityDate="2019-05-08T07:27:23.967" Title="Why do we use imperfect when describing emotions in the past tense?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pretérito-imperfecto&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28932" CreationDate="2019-03-22T16:42:55.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Está en el artículo abajo pero no puedo copiarlo por completo. Pero se puede leer al abrir el PDF y es muy interesante: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EL VALOR DEL IMPERFECTO DEL INDICATIVO EN ESPAÑOL&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mira el primero punto bajo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los valores del imperfecto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aspecto imperfectivo: &quot;expresa acciones, procesos o estados del pasado en una visión inacabada: Al mediodía, llovía&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo estaba triste.&lt;/em&gt; Es un estado de ánimo en el pasado,  y por lo tanto inacabado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://filcat.uab.cat/clt/publicacions/reports/pdf/GGT-03-1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;artículo citado arriba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19182" LastEditorUserId="19182" LastEditDate="2019-05-07T14:43:08.163" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T14:43:08.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28935" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-24T08:06:16.833" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recién tuve una discusión con un tipo supuestamente de Ecuador que hizo acento colombiano y le comenté &quot;A mi me sonó a narco&quot; y el pobre se encabronó y me amenazó, cuando yo solo me refería a su audio imitando el acento colombiano. Quiero saber si es verdad que en Ecuador decir la palabra &quot;narco&quot; a alguien es insultarlo o solo me estaba timando para buscarme pleito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21447" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T06:31:34.347" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T06:31:34.347" Title="¿Decirle &quot;narco&quot; a alguien de Ecuador es un insulto?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;&lt;ecuador&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28936" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28937" CreationDate="2019-03-24T13:13:42.710" Score="0" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, what’s the difference between “ambient” and “ambiente”. Both mean “ambiences”, but when would you use one over the other? Please explain making reference to the below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tiene un buen ambients y está decorado bien&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;It has a great atmosphere&#xA;  and it is decorated well.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;la casa tiene un ambiente muy desagradable&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;The house has a very unpleasant atmosphere&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8469" LastActivityDate="2019-03-24T13:50:06.727" Title="What’s the difference between “ambient” and “ambiente”" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28936" CreationDate="2019-03-24T13:50:06.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word ambient does not occur in the official dictionary of the RAE so i suspect this is a typo. The letters e and s are quite close at least on my keyboard. There is the further clue that the first example states &lt;em&gt;un buen ambients&lt;/em&gt; implying that it is singular which conflicts with the s being a plural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2019-03-24T13:50:06.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28947" CreationDate="2019-03-24T16:23:55.870" Score="1" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am taking a Spanish class on Coursera. I can't get the following question right, any idea why? I feel my answer is a legit sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos / acabar de / llegar / casa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am writing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos acaban de llegar a la casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it says it is not correct:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x4Iw0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x4Iw0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21355" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T10:12:49.697" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T10:12:49.697" Title="What's wrong with &quot;Ellos acaban de llegar a la casa.&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28943" CreationDate="2019-03-24T16:27:27.823" Score="7" ViewCount="1156" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo la diferencia, si la hay, entre el uso de las dos palabras: &lt;em&gt;dificultoso&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;difícil&lt;/em&gt;. Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DjySkwD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dificultoso&lt;/a&gt;: Difícil, lleno de impedimentos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DjoVnu9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;difícil&lt;/a&gt;: Que presenta obstáculos (‖ impedimentos).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Hay contextos más adecuados para el uso de 'dificultoso'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-18T07:32:23.063" Title="¿Cuándo puedo usar 'dificultoso' en vez de 'difícil'?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28939" CreationDate="2019-03-24T22:27:48.437" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dificultoso&lt;/em&gt; se relaciona con esfuerzos prolongados, con procesos con varias etapas, con acciones mecánicas repetidas. Tiene sinónimos como &lt;em&gt;trabajoso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;laborioso&lt;/em&gt;, etc., que también sugieren estas cosas. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La travesía fue muy dificultosa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se le hizo dificultosa la respiración.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Subimos dificultosamente las escaleras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Difícil&lt;/em&gt; es una palabra más común y genérica. Casi siempre que se dice &lt;em&gt;dificultoso&lt;/em&gt; se puede reemplazar por &lt;em&gt;difícil&lt;/em&gt;, pero no al revés. Por ejemplo, se puede decir &lt;em&gt;«una persona difícil»&lt;/em&gt;, pero no &lt;em&gt;«una persona dificultosa»&lt;/em&gt;, porque &lt;em&gt;ser díficil&lt;/em&gt;, aplicado al carácter de una persona, tiene un significado especial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ante un problema matemático diremos generalmente que es o parece &lt;em&gt;difícil&lt;/em&gt;, no &lt;em&gt;dificultoso&lt;/em&gt;, porque &lt;em&gt;difícil&lt;/em&gt; es preferible cuando hablamos de algo estático, una situación que tenemos frente a nosotros, algo &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt;. Diremos que un problema es &lt;em&gt;dificultoso&lt;/em&gt; cuando resulte difícil resolverlo, &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con los adverbios &lt;em&gt;difícilmente&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;dificultosamente&lt;/em&gt; ocurre que no pueden casi nunca intercambiarse entre sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;difícilmente&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;muy poco probablemente&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;dificultosamente&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;con dificultad&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-24T22:27:48.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-25T00:42:47.740" Score="1" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it always safe to use &quot;me quedé&quot; and &quot;estaba&quot; interchangeably as in below example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me quedé triste...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;I was sad...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estaba triste...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;I was sad...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-26T06:42:48.090" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T06:42:48.090" Title="Is it always safe to use &quot;me quedé&quot; and &quot;estaba&quot; interchangeably?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28945" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-25T00:50:04.117" Score="4" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;descuida&quot;, a pesar de ser una conjugación del verbo &quot;descuidar&quot;, me da la impresión de que también puede ser usada como interjección (en los diccionarios en línea lo mencionan como interjección).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso hace que me pregunte si debe usarse una coma o un punto para separar &quot;descuida&quot; del resto de una oración a la que introduce. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descuida, no es nada importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descuida. No es nada importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también me pregunto cómo puntuar cuando el &quot;descuida&quot; va seguido de un vocativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descuida, hijo, no es nada importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Descuida, hijo. No es nada importante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21452" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T10:13:54.433" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T10:13:54.433" Title="Uso de coma o punto después de la palabra &quot;descuida&quot;" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28945" CreationDate="2019-03-25T05:40:17.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=LuxJvnO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;interjección impropia&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. f. Gram. interjección que se crea a partir de formas nominales, adjetivales, verbales o adverbiales; p. ej., ¡socorro!, ¡bravo!, ¡vaya!, ¡adelante!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más concretamente, el DLE, en el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=CmcDdMR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;descuidar&lt;/a&gt; recoge un ejemplo de su uso, colocando una &lt;strong&gt;coma&lt;/strong&gt; después del &quot;Descuida&quot;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4. intr. U. en imperativo para tranquilizar a alguien que tiene una preocupación o para librarle de una tarea. &lt;em&gt;Descuida, que yo lo haré.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20093" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T05:40:17.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28938" CreationDate="2019-03-25T09:05:48.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact, your answer could be valid provided that the sentence does not refer to their &lt;em&gt;home&lt;/em&gt;, but to a &lt;em&gt;house&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos acaban de llegar a la casa [que tienen alquilada].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can omit the part between brackets if you already know by context that the sentence refers to a rent house. But if the sentence refers to their &lt;em&gt;home&lt;/em&gt;, the article is omitted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ellos acaban de llegar a casa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T09:05:48.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28955" CreationDate="2019-03-25T09:08:37.140" Score="8" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;Podemos encontrar esta coletilla en algunos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&amp;amp;q=%22que%20es%20gerundio%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;textos&lt;/a&gt;, aunque sospecho que es más frecuente en el habla popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando se emplea, suele ser acompañando a un gerundio que actúa a modo de orden, como en: &lt;em&gt;¡Acabando, que es gerundio! ¡No quiero llegar tarde por vuestra culpa!&lt;/em&gt;; o en: &lt;em&gt;—¿Está todo listo? —Sí. —Pues saliendo, que es gerundio.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: más allá de la tautología implícita, &lt;strong&gt;¿por qué a veces añadimos &lt;em&gt;&quot;que es gerundio&quot;&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuál es la función de esta coletilla, y desde cuándo se usa?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-26T19:54:26.970" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T08:45:02.433" Title="Preguntando, que es gerundio" Tags="&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;gerundio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28950" CreationDate="2019-03-25T09:51:55.023" Score="6" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/19384/1674&quot;&gt;Is it &amp;quot;&amp;#233;lite&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;elite&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt; vimos que la palabra &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; también puede escribirse &lt;em&gt;elite&lt;/em&gt;. Esto es así porque viene del francés &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt;, que se escribe así pero se pronuncia [elít]. En algún momento de la historia, cuando se incorporó la palabra al castellano, alguien vio la escritura francesa e interpretó el acento.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tal y como &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=elite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;comenta el DPD&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;la grafía francesa *élite*, que circuló como extranjerismo durante un tiempo, dio lugar a que muchas personas pronunciasen esta voz francesa interpretando la tilde a la manera española, es decir, como palabra esdrújula.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El otro día me di cuenta que esto ocurre también con paté:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=pat%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paté&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Voz tomada del francés &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pâté&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, ‘pasta untable hecha generalmente de hígado de cerdo o aves’: &lt;em&gt;«Adorna el paté con unas aceitunas rellenas cortadas por la mitad»&lt;/em&gt; (Arguiñano Recetas [Esp. 1996]). Su plural es &lt;em&gt;patés&lt;/em&gt; (→ &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plural&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=Iwao8PGQ8D6QkHPn4i#1a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1a&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si le pedimos a Google Translate que &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=fr&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;text=p%C3%A2t%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nos lo pronuncie&lt;/a&gt;, vemos que es algo así como [páte], que bien se podría haber traducido como &quot;pasta&quot; directamente. O eso, o &quot;pate&quot;, pero se optó por &lt;em&gt;paté&lt;/em&gt; seguramente por un argumento parecido al de &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Llevado por el descubrimiento de este caso, ¿qué os parece si recuperamos otros casos parecidos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando &lt;a href=&quot;https://dirae.es/palabras/?search_type=&amp;amp;search_scope=&amp;amp;q=del%20fr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;en dirae.es por &quot;del fr&quot;&lt;/a&gt; veo casos prometedores como &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BY2aakc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;cuché&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (se pronunciaría [&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=fr&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;text=cuch%C3%A9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cúshe&lt;/a&gt;]) o incluso un caso diferente como &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EJvdWDy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;echarpe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;chal&lt;/em&gt;, que se pronuncia [&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=fr&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;text=%C3%A9charpe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;échagp&lt;/a&gt;] por lo que la &lt;em&gt;e&lt;/em&gt; final podría haberse omitido).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T14:21:57.227" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T14:28:35.557" Title="¿Qué palabras provenientes del francés cogieron un acento en la &quot;e&quot; por su escritura francesa, sin que su pronunciación la tuviera?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;acentuación&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;&lt;francés&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28949" CreationDate="2019-03-25T11:19:08.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Foreword:&lt;/strong&gt; most linguists don't consider French to have lexical stress at all. It instead is analysed as having prosodic stress, where the final syllable in a &lt;em&gt;phrase&lt;/em&gt; is stressed (or the penultimate one, if the final one is a schwa). Consider the following example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was found that listeners whose native language was French performed significantly worse than Spanish listeners in reproducing the stress patterns... The explanation is that Spanish has lexically contrastive stress, as evidenced by the minimal pairs like tópo (&amp;quot;mole&amp;quot;) and topó (&amp;quot;[he/she/it] met&amp;quot;), while in French, stress does not convey lexical information and there is no equivalent of stress minimal pairs as in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)#Stress_%22deafness%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)#Stress_&amp;quot;deafness&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes it difficult to consider how close/far a Spanish pronunciation of an originally French word is based purely on where the stress lies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RAE nominally only includes words which are pronounced 'as they are written', unless they appear in italics in their DLE entries, in which case they are considered unnativised foreign words with unpredictable pronunciations. If it contains multiple unitalicised orthographies (such as &lt;em&gt;élite&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;elite&lt;/em&gt;), then the RAE's position is that these represent multiple common pronunciations in Spanish, and you 'should' use the spelling that corresponds with how you pronounce it (though this doesn't necessarily represent actual use e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28528/se-pronuncia-judo-con-la-j-espa%C3%B1ola-en-alguna-parte&quot;&gt;judo / yudo&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many variant ways French words have been adopted in Spanish, I'll include a semi-complete list of ones containing é below (excluding many French inherited infinitive verbs, which in Spanish never have accents). Immediately below is a list of those whose Spanish pronunciation is not on the final syllable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hégira (&lt;em&gt;hégire&lt;/em&gt;), anélido (&lt;em&gt;annélide&lt;/em&gt;), canéfora (&lt;em&gt;canéphore&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intérlope (&lt;em&gt;interlope&lt;/em&gt;), céntimo (&lt;em&gt;centime&lt;/em&gt;), anécdota (&lt;em&gt;anecdote&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some words which gain an extra syllable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crepé (&lt;em&gt;crêpe&lt;/em&gt;), peroné (&lt;em&gt;pérone&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WoySm5W&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rulé&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;roule&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JDXLS6Z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;giroflé/jiroflé&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;girofle&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=EBNE3fO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dragea/gragea&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;dragée&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Appendix&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Words which gain accents absent in the French:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yeyé (&lt;em&gt;ye-ye&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cuplé (&lt;em&gt;couplet&lt;/em&gt;), tupé (&lt;em&gt;toupet&lt;/em&gt;), quinqué (&lt;em&gt;Quinquet&lt;/em&gt;), cabriolé (&lt;em&gt;cabriolet&lt;/em&gt;), parqué (&lt;em&gt;parquet&lt;/em&gt;), bufé (&lt;em&gt;buffet&lt;/em&gt;), carné (&lt;em&gt;carnet&lt;/em&gt;), chalé (&lt;em&gt;chalet&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BKi6mZh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;croché&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;crochet&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6IHqNmZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buqué&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;bouquet&lt;/em&gt;), cabaré (&lt;em&gt;cabaret&lt;/em&gt;), corsé (&lt;em&gt;corset&lt;/em&gt;), bidé (&lt;em&gt;bidet&lt;/em&gt;), taqué (&lt;em&gt;taquet&lt;/em&gt;), caché (&lt;em&gt;cachet&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sifué (&lt;em&gt;surfaix&lt;/em&gt;), relé (&lt;em&gt;relais&lt;/em&gt;), bisoñé (&lt;em&gt;besogneux&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=S5IUXkD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paspié&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;passe-pied&lt;/em&gt;), avampiés, marchapié, pitipié, avantrén (&lt;em&gt;avant-train&lt;/em&gt;), terraplén (&lt;em&gt;terre-plein&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=c9PPTWg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yaqué/chaqué&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;jaquette&lt;/em&gt;), claqué (&lt;em&gt;claquette&lt;/em&gt;), gotelé (&lt;em&gt;gouttelette&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;harén (&lt;em&gt;harem&lt;/em&gt;), satén (&lt;em&gt;satin&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;neerlandés (&lt;em&gt;néerlandais&lt;/em&gt;), inglés (&lt;em&gt;angleis&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entremés (&lt;em&gt;entremets&lt;/em&gt;), exprés (&lt;em&gt;express&lt;/em&gt;), kermés (&lt;em&gt;kermesse&lt;/em&gt;), bauprés (&lt;em&gt;beaupré&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Words which conserve the French accents:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;palmarés (&lt;em&gt;palmarès&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=V92Yxkb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rapé&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bdebUGB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vergé&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TtdzK1J&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;praliné&lt;/a&gt;, plaqué, perlé, piqué, chiné, panaché, lamé, cliché, macramé, acné, comité, canapé, paté (&lt;em&gt;pâté&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BY2aakc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cuché&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;couché&lt;/em&gt;), cupé (&lt;em&gt;coupé&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PRwm9Jj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;moaré/muaré&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;moiré&lt;/em&gt;), grancé (&lt;em&gt;garancé&lt;/em&gt;), glasé (&lt;em&gt;glacé&lt;/em&gt;), chimpancé (&lt;em&gt;chimpanzé&lt;/em&gt;), virulé (&lt;em&gt;bas roulé&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;suflé (&lt;em&gt;soufflé&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=AQZsRBd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consomé&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;consommé&lt;/em&gt;), capitoné (&lt;em&gt;capitonné&lt;/em&gt;), fricasé (&lt;em&gt;fricassé&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;melé (&lt;em&gt;mêlée&lt;/em&gt;), puré (&lt;em&gt;purée&lt;/em&gt;), cartoné (&lt;em&gt;cartonée&lt;/em&gt;), bombé (&lt;em&gt;bombée&lt;/em&gt;), palé (&lt;em&gt;palée&lt;/em&gt;), matiné (&lt;em&gt;matinée&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;varietés (&lt;em&gt;varieté&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Words with double accents:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=C9ehPZB0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demodé&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;démodé&lt;/em&gt;), bebé (&lt;em&gt;bébé&lt;/em&gt;), ecarté (&lt;em&gt;écarté&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T14:28:35.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16081" CreationDate="2019-03-25T12:57:48.303" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los glosarios de Microsoft se traduce como &lt;strong&gt;impresión con sangría&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21457" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T15:52:48.523" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T15:52:48.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28944" CreationDate="2019-03-25T18:31:16.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, both sentences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Me quedé temerario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estaba temerario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sound very odd (if not altogether wrong), because “temerario” suggests a permanent quality, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En esa época era temerario (In those days I was/used to be reckless)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or an occasional state, as in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En esa oportunidad fui temerario (I was reckless on that occasion)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tend to use “quedarse” and “estar” with temporary, durative states (this duration contrasts with the occasional nature expressed by sentence 4 above, where the person showed recklessness for a limited period of time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Me quedé asustado. (This refers to the action of becoming scared, as in: &lt;em&gt;Me quedé asustado después del asalto&lt;/em&gt;, I got scared after the robbery)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Estaba asustado. (This refers to feeling frightened, but no mention is made of the moment when the feeling started, and can be translated as: I was (feeling) scared.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If reference is made to a state that started and ended in the past, then “estuve” will be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estuve asustado mucho tiempo. (I was scared for a long time.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T18:31:16.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28948" CreationDate="2019-03-26T08:11:56.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No encuentro ninguna fuente que lo confirme &quot;oficialmente&quot; pero parece que viene de una historia o chascarrillo que se contaba que decía así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se dice que unos campesinos enviaron a su hijo a estudiar a Salamanca.&#xA;  El chico no era muy listo pero aprovechó lo que pudo. Una vez de&#xA;  vuelta su padre le pidió que llevase al burro de un lugar a otro, y el&#xA;  mozo, para demostrar cuánto había aprendido, iba gritando al pobre&#xA;  asno &lt;em&gt;arreando, que es gerundio&lt;/em&gt;, para regocijo de cuántos le oían.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Varios enlaces donde se cuenta esta historia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://losandes.com.ar/article/view?slug=andando-que-es-gerundio-por-maria-del-rosario-ramallo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://losandes.com.ar/article/view?slug=andando-que-es-gerundio-por-maria-del-rosario-ramallo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1de3.es/2006/09/15/arreando-que-es-gerundio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.1de3.es/2006/09/15/arreando-que-es-gerundio/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/arreando,_que_es_gerundio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/arreando,_que_es_gerundio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user14069" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T08:11:56.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28948" CreationDate="2019-03-26T10:00:50.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Significado&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«&lt;em&gt;... que es gerundio&lt;/em&gt;» funciona como un exhortativo, siguiendo un gerundio para implicar que es un imperativo (como en tus ejemplos), aunque a veces se usa con su propio significado exhortativo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;Andando/&lt;sub&gt;arreando&lt;/sub&gt;, que es gerundio&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Y claro que es gerundio, ¿pero por qué se lo recordamos a una persona cuando queremos decirle que hay que irse de un lugar o comenzar a hacer algo? &lt;em&gt;Son ya las doce, así que, andando, que es gerundio, que mañana hay que levantarse pronto.&lt;/em&gt; Para explicar el origen del dicho se cuenta el chascarrillo del campesino que mandó a su hijo, más bien corto de entendederas, a estudiar a Salamanca, pero el pobre muchacho apenas co-gió un leve barniz de ciencia en su estancia en el estudio salmantino. Un día su padre le ordenó que sacara al burro del establo y lo llevara al campo. Tal vez intentando sacarle alguna utilidad práctica a lo aprendido, cuentan que conducía al animal por las calles del pueblo al grito de: «Arreando, que es gerundio». No está mal recordar aquí que el excesivo uso del gerundio no es nada recomendable pues, aparte de llevarnos a cometer considerables errores gramaticales y de ser causa de ambigüedades («Vi a Luis entrando en el banco». ¿Quién entraba?), lleva con frecuencia a la afectación y a la cursilería; no en vano, el padre José Francisco de Isla (1703-1781) llamó Fray Gerundio a su ridículo predicador, modelo de los que mucho hablan y nada dicen, protagonista de su novela &lt;em&gt;Historia del famoso predicador Fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Por cierto, tan unida está esta coletilla gramatical a la orden de ponerse en marcha que a veces se dice todo uno, como si la palabra &lt;em&gt;gerundio&lt;/em&gt; también significara &lt;em&gt;salir&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;marcharse&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y se oyen curiosidades como &lt;em&gt;nos vamos, que es gerundio&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UV23VTQe4PQC&amp;amp;q=%22que%20es%20gerundio%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero ocurre, además, que se produce de hecho aprovechamiento &quot;literal&quot; del cliché (paremiológico o no) incluso en ciertas ocasiones en que el hablante, urgido por la inmediatez coloquial, extiende analógicamente su empleo a un contexto verbal poco acorde con el que suele ser asociado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Bueno, al trabajo, &lt;em&gt;que es gerundio&lt;/em&gt; [cp. &quot;andando, que es gerundio&quot;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cvc.cervantes.es/Lengua/paremia/pdf/002/037_vigara.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pre-texto y realización del sentido en el español coloquial&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Vigara Tauste (1993)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;¿Desde cuando se usa?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aparece primero en la palabra escrita en los años 30:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] que se me guise por una sola cocina: la española, y que no se me fría la sangre en ningún idioma. entendiendo (que es gerundio): que caso de que los señores Herederos no cumplan alguna...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cgi-bin/crpsrvEx.dll?visualizar?tipo1=5&amp;amp;tipo2=0&amp;amp;iniItem=1&amp;amp;ordenar1=0&amp;amp;ordenar2=0&amp;amp;FID=270319%5C009%5CC000O27032019093627461.1020.1016&amp;amp;desc=%7BB%7D+%7BI%7D+que+es+gerundio%7B|I%7D,+en+todos+los+medios,+en+%7BI%7DCORDE+%7B|I%7D+%7B|B%7D%7BBR%7D&amp;amp;tamVen=1&amp;amp;marcas=0#acierto1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pero... ¿hubo alguna vez once mil vírgenes?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1931)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rosita.&lt;/strong&gt; ¡Pirando, que es gerundio!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Ku4PAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;que+es+gerundio&amp;quot;&amp;amp;dq=&amp;quot;que+es+gerundio&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El debut de la patro: sainete de costumbres madrileñas, en dos actos,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1933)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C. — (&lt;em&gt;Aprovechando, que es gerundio.&lt;/em&gt;) ¡ A propósito! Bien podías llevarme una noche a ver una lucha en el Circo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EugcMZOjSmUC&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;que+es+gerundio&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Blanco y Negro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Vol. 46 (1936)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T08:45:02.433" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T08:45:02.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28878" CreationDate="2019-03-26T13:59:48.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Es &lt;em&gt;decretos leyes&lt;/em&gt;, como explica la RAE en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=decreto%20ley&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su plural es &lt;em&gt;decretos leyes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19681" LastEditorUserId="19681" LastEditDate="2019-03-26T14:11:18.787" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T14:11:18.787" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8702" CreationDate="2019-03-26T15:32:08.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is almost foolproof to use forms of estar (instead of ser) with a past participle (agreeing in number and gender) to describe how something appears/temporary condition.  Most past participles are flexible adjectives and use forms of estar instead of ser.  I tell my students that these are &quot;fluid&quot;, &quot;changing&quot; or &quot;have the ability to be changed with a force or someone's effort being applied.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The door is closed - La puerta esta cerrrada (temporary because it's not always closed.  Anyone could go open it).  It's a temporary condition.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen and understand, however, that you can and will use forms of ser with cononocido (known) and prohibido (prohibited - though you'd likely see &quot;se prohibe&quot; in a se construction to say &quot;it is prohibited&quot;) because these past participles imply descriptions that aren't fluid.  They are ongoing, day to day states of being.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21466" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T15:32:08.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-26T17:19:41.890" Score="3" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am watching the TV show &lt;em&gt;Gran Hotel&lt;/em&gt; to help my Spanish. At one point one character says to someone they've just met&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La gente solo va a Cantaloa a alojarse o trabajar en el Gran Hotel y tú no parece que puedas pagar&lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; una habitación allí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the &quot;te&quot; for at the end of &quot;pagar&quot;? It is already clear that the speaker is talking directly to someone because of the use of &quot;tú&quot; and the conjugation of &quot;parecer&quot; into the third person singular (&quot;parece&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="19307" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T06:51:06.143" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T06:51:06.143" Title="Why is &quot;te&quot; needed at the end of &quot;pagarte&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28939" CreationDate="2019-03-26T17:35:02.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;La respuesta rápida es: cuando quieras puedes usar una de las dos; simplemente &lt;strong&gt;dificultoso&lt;/strong&gt; agrega un matiz diferente. &lt;strong&gt;Difícil&lt;/strong&gt; es una adjetivo que cualifica y &lt;strong&gt;dificultoso&lt;/strong&gt; podriamos decir que es algo &lt;strong&gt;dificil&lt;/strong&gt; de manera contínua o por naturaleza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo, desatar un nudo es algo &lt;strong&gt;difícil&lt;/strong&gt; pero a manera que lo vas desenredando se va haciendo cada vez más fácil. En cambio, hacer la tarea de matemáticas es &lt;strong&gt;dificultoso&lt;/strong&gt; si el proceso completo es difícil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso principal que se da del sufijo &lt;strong&gt;-oso&lt;/strong&gt; es cuando se le agrega a un sustantivo. Y significa &lt;strong&gt;a manera de&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;relativo a&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;abundancia de&lt;/strong&gt;, etc. Así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;amor&lt;/strong&gt; se convierte en &lt;strong&gt;amoroso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;gracia&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;gracioso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;aceite&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;aceitoso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;arena&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;arenoso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;calor&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;caluroso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;pereza&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;perezoso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la palabra &lt;strong&gt;difícil&lt;/strong&gt; es, por si misma, un adjetivo. Cuando al los adjetivos se les agrega el sufijo &lt;strong&gt;-oso&lt;/strong&gt;, se les disminuye o aumenta la magnitud del adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Difícil&lt;/strong&gt; se convertiría en &lt;strong&gt;dificiloso&lt;/strong&gt; (aunque prefiero dificilón),&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;verde&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;verdoso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;voluntario&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;voluntarioso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  etc,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desde mi punto de vista, &lt;strong&gt;dificultoso&lt;/strong&gt; proviene, mas bien, del verbo &lt;strong&gt;dificultar&lt;/strong&gt;. Cuando el sufijo se le añade a un verbo, se le da un matiz activo y progresivo. Así,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;afanar&lt;/strong&gt; se transforma en &lt;strong&gt;afanoso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;enredar&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;enredoso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;resbalar&lt;/strong&gt; en &lt;strong&gt;resbaloso&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12572" LastEditorUserId="12572" LastEditDate="2019-05-18T07:32:23.063" LastActivityDate="2019-05-18T07:32:23.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28958" CreationDate="2019-03-26T18:11:53.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Loosely translated it might be &quot;You do not look as though you could rent yourself a room there&quot;. So the suffixed &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; emphasises that the addressee is renting the room for their own occupation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T18:11:53.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28965" CreationDate="2019-03-26T18:45:33.713" Score="4" ViewCount="894" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal, and I'm a bit confused about how this passage works gramatically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La profesora McGonagall los observó mientras convertían un raton en&#xA;  una caja de rapé. &lt;strong&gt;Sumaba puntos la belleza de las cajas&lt;/strong&gt;, pero los&#xA;  restaba &lt;strong&gt;que tuvieran bigotes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, is Professor McGonagall the implied subject of &lt;code&gt;sumaba&lt;/code&gt;? If so, how does &lt;code&gt;la belleza de las cajas&lt;/code&gt; fit in? I would have though you'd need a preposition in there, something like &lt;code&gt;sumaba puntos por la belleza de las cajas&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, I'm confused about how &lt;code&gt;que tuvieran bigotes&lt;/code&gt; works; I again would have thought you'd need a preposition, e.g. something like &lt;code&gt;los restaba por las (cajas) que tuvieran bigotes&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T20:12:09.077" Title="Confused about a passage in Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28961" CreationDate="2019-03-26T19:26:03.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, it is saying the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The professor awarded points to the students based on the beauty of their boxes&#xA;  and took off points if the boxes had whiskers (imagine a mouse's whiskers...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;los restaba que tuvieran bigotes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &quot;los&quot; refers to the points and not the boxes, so using las is inappropriate in this case.  It's already clear what he is taking the points off for (the boxes) so it is unnecessary to repeat it.  No other prepositions are needed to clarify in Spanish, though from an English perspective, it is a different way of employing language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastEditorUserId="12524" LastEditDate="2019-03-26T19:32:58.467" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T19:32:58.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28961" CreationDate="2019-03-26T19:54:27.853" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the comment OP made in a different question (&quot;I understand what the passage means, I'm just confused about how the Spanish grammar works&quot;), I propose another way of analyzing the second sentence. To me it's clear that this is neither an impersonal sentence nor is the subject implicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence consists of two propositions coordinated by the conjunction &lt;em&gt;pero&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;sumaba puntos la belleza de las cajas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;los restaba que tuvieran bigotes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (1) the subject is &lt;em&gt;«la belleza de las cajas»&lt;/em&gt;. It's after the verb instead of before, but that's not unusual in Spanish. What this proposition means is that &quot;the beauty of the boxes added points&quot;, i.e. when there was beauty in the boxes, that beauty counted for more points. &lt;em&gt;Puntos&lt;/em&gt; is the direct object of &lt;em&gt;sumaba&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In (2) we have a plural 3rd person pronoun, &lt;em&gt;los&lt;/em&gt;, which stands for &lt;em&gt;puntos&lt;/em&gt; and is the direct object of the verb &lt;em&gt;restaba&lt;/em&gt;. The subject in this proposition is the subordinate phrase &lt;em&gt;«que tuvieran bigotes»&lt;/em&gt;. That is: &quot;that they had whiskers (&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; &quot;having whiskers&quot;) subtracted them (=points)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Normalizing&quot; and making everything explicit, this would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;La belleza de las cajas sumaba puntos, pero que tuvieran bigotes los restaba.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T19:54:27.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28961" CreationDate="2019-03-26T20:01:46.960" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sumaba puntos la belleza de las cajas, pero los restaba que tuvieran bigotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is perfect as is, and I wouldn’t go so far as to criticize the translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first part of the sentence is a case of subject/predicate inversion, and is to be understood as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La belleza de las cajas (subject) sumaba puntos (predicate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This inversion is very usual in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second part of the sentence, we find a nominal clause as subject, and in this case inversion is not mandatory but convenient:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que tuvieran bigotes (subject) los restaba (predicate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence is fine as stated because reference is being made to the rules by which the students would be assessed, and by omitting “the teacher” the rules sound more impersonal and objective. This would be a literal translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The beauty of the boxes added points, but the fact that they had whiskers subtracted them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original is in the passive form, which is in line with the idea that some impersonality was meant to be assigned to the sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Points were given for how pretty the snuffbox was, but taken away if it had whiskers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-03-26T20:12:09.077" LastActivityDate="2019-03-26T20:12:09.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16872" CreationDate="2019-03-26T22:23:22.343" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La traducción de &lt;em&gt;pipe&lt;/em&gt; en español existe, y es &quot;&lt;strong&gt;pipa&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Es un tonel o recipiente, y para eso sirve en informática, como un recipiente de un comando, caracteres... etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21467" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T08:29:52.673" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T08:29:52.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-27T02:05:03.067" Score="2" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why in the below two sentences do the pronouns come after the conjugated verb?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Consideran ustedes que está en lo correcto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Consideras tú que España y el Papa deberían pedir perdón por la conquista de América hace 500 años, y por qué?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T10:10:05.040" Title="When to put the pronoun after the conjugated verb" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28967" CreationDate="2019-03-27T02:38:10.300" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In questions, the standard order is to place the pronouns —actually really just the subject— after the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is an interrogative word (like &lt;em&gt;dónde&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cuándo&lt;/em&gt;, etc), this is almost universal, although the Caribbean is well known for often placing the pronoun between the interrogative and the verb.  Either way is perfectly grammatically fine (although the Caribbean way sounds a bit funny to me) and doesn't imply any change of meaning.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a binary (yes/no) question, the change in order &lt;em&gt;tends&lt;/em&gt; to imply a slight change in meaning.  Taking your first question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Consideran ustedes que está en lo correcto?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case, we want to know and we begin from a position of not knowing (although by using &lt;em&gt;está&lt;/em&gt; and not &lt;em&gt;esté&lt;/em&gt;, there is an ever so slight implication that y'all do consider it so).  This is analogous to the standard English question &lt;em&gt;Do y'all consider…?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Ustedes consideran que está en lo correcto?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This may be used to either first transfer attention to &lt;em&gt;ustedes&lt;/em&gt; from someone else or, if the attention is already held, we are asking it from a position of having understand that their answer is yes, and we are trying to get clarification.  This is equivalent to English's &lt;em&gt;Y'all consider…?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T02:38:10.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28948" CreationDate="2019-03-27T08:03:15.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por afinar un poco &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28955/12637&quot;&gt;la respuesta de ukemi&lt;/a&gt;, en la hemeroteca de la BNE los primeros resultados aparecen en 1927, y además dos ese año sin que hubiera nada previo, así que debió de ser una invención poco anterior a ese año. Os dejo con los primeros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Título de una sección:] Azorineando, que es gerundio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Liberal (Madrid).&lt;/strong&gt; 29/1/1927, página 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Agradeciendo, que es gerundio.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Gerundio, sí, señor. Veo que está usted bien de gramática. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Heraldo de Madrid.&lt;/strong&gt; 23/4/1927, página 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blanquita Pozas, como siempre, enajenadora y enajenable de puro guapa.&#xA;  Peña, Heredia y Lledó rivalizando —que es gerundio— en gracia de&#xA;  facultades. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Heraldo de Madrid.&lt;/strong&gt; 5/12/1928, página 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El hecho de que los tres ejemplos sean de Madrid nos da una pista del lugar donde se creó la expresión, además de la aproximación temporal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T08:03:15.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28971" CreationDate="2019-03-27T08:56:21.603" Score="8" ViewCount="7228" Body="&lt;p&gt;De vez en cuando me cruzo con textos como éste:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especialmente significativo resulta el ambiente de tranquilidad en el que &lt;strong&gt;se ha inmerso&lt;/strong&gt; el líder y candidato...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normalmente, &quot;inmerso&quot; lo suelo ver usado como adjetivo: &lt;em&gt;está inmerso&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;se encuentra inmerso&lt;/em&gt;... Pero aquí se usa como verbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el DLE, si busco &lt;code&gt;inmerso&lt;/code&gt;, solo aparece esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=LeZAIC6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;inmerso, sa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Del lat. &lt;em&gt;immersus&lt;/em&gt;, part. pas. de &lt;em&gt;immergĕre&lt;/em&gt; 'sumergir'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Sumergido en algo. U. t. en sent. fig.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿A qué verbo corresponde &quot;inmerso&quot; en la cita inicial? ¿Es correcto este uso?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-24T03:14:31.387" LastActivityDate="2020-01-24T03:14:31.387" Title="¿Cuál es el verbo correspondiente a &quot;inmerso&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;participio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28970" CreationDate="2019-03-27T09:07:58.163" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario nacional de la lengua española&lt;/em&gt; de don Ramón Joaquín Domínguez de 1853:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inmergir&lt;/strong&gt;, v.a. Sumergir, introducir algún sólido en un líquido, hasta que este lo cubra perfectamente, retirándolo en seguida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También recoge &lt;em&gt;inmergirse&lt;/em&gt;. La acción de este verbo es &lt;em&gt;inmersión&lt;/em&gt;, y el que inmerge es un &lt;em&gt;inmersor&lt;/em&gt;. Este verbo también se recoge en el &lt;em&gt;Zerolo&lt;/em&gt; de 1895 (que establece su etimología en el latín &lt;em&gt;immergere&lt;/em&gt;), el &lt;em&gt;Toro y Gómez&lt;/em&gt; de 1901, el &lt;em&gt;Alemany y Bolufer&lt;/em&gt; de 1917 y el &lt;em&gt;Rodríguez Navas&lt;/em&gt; de 1918. Las únicas apariciones por parte de la RAE son en los &lt;em&gt;Academia Manual&lt;/em&gt; de 1927 y 1950, con la siguiente definición:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*INMERGIR&lt;/strong&gt;. tr. Neologismo inútil por sumergir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este verbo no se recoge únicamente para explicar de dónde viene &lt;em&gt;inmerso&lt;/em&gt;. Existen algunos casos (pocos) de su uso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Se compone de una serie de barrotes muy aproximados, y de mucha altura que inmergen en cierta extension, en el agua al objeto de tenerlos frios en parte, y evitar su pronta destruccion.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan A. Molinas, &quot;Tratado de maquinaria y de aparatos industriales&quot;, c1885 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El interesante episodio referido por Binondo inmergió al Oficial de mar en mayores cavilaciones y tristezas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benito Pérez Galdós, &quot;La vuelta al mundo en la Numancia&quot;, 1906 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;hr&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Transcurridos uno o dos minutos de desarrollo, se encenderá la linterna rojo-obscura para cercioramos del estado de la imagen, y en caso de que el vigor sea insuficiente, se inmergirá nuevamente la placa en el baño, teniendo la precaución de apagar la linterna o, mejor, de proteger la cubeta con un tape de cartón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Santiago Ramón y Cajal, &quot;La fotografía de los colores. Fundamentos científicos y reglas prácticas&quot;, 1912 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si te lo estás preguntando, sí, la mayoría de los textos que contienen este verbo (usado principalmente con su participio regular: &lt;em&gt;inmergido&lt;/em&gt;) son tratados científicos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sobre la idoneidad de su uso, entiendo que &lt;em&gt;inmerso&lt;/em&gt; es el participio irregular del verbo (como &lt;em&gt;impreso&lt;/em&gt;), por lo que la construcción es válida, si bien usa un verbo que la RAE califica de &quot;inútil&quot;. Yo propondría el uso de la palabra como adjetivo más que como participio, así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En el que se halla inmerso...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En el que está inmerso...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  En el que se encuentra inmerso...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he podido ver, el motivo por el que tenemos &lt;em&gt;sumergir&lt;/em&gt; pero no &lt;em&gt;inmergir&lt;/em&gt; es que el verbo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=immergo&amp;amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;immergo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en latín se usaba mayormente en poesía, así que debía ser una palabra culta y, por tanto, tenía menos posibilidades de que el pueblo llano la siguiera usando con el paso de los siglos. En todo caso, &lt;a href=&quot;https://latin.stackexchange.com/q/9355/2646&quot;&gt;he preguntado en el sitio de latín&lt;/a&gt; a ver qué me cuentan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T10:28:52.553" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T10:28:52.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28972" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-27T11:56:36.043" Score="8" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;En un reciente artículo, la Fundéu propone usar la voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/ultrafalso-alternativa-a-deep-fake/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ultrafalso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como alternativa al anglicismo &lt;em&gt;deepfake&lt;/em&gt;. Y por una vez creo que debo disentir con la Fundéu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, la voz &lt;em&gt;ultrafalso&lt;/em&gt; me suena a &quot;tan falso que se ve a lo lejos lo falso que es&quot;. Y, sin embargo, un &lt;em&gt;deepfake&lt;/em&gt; es todo lo contrario, como el propio artículo comenta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La palabra deepfake alude a los sistemas informáticos que &lt;strong&gt;permiten, mediante técnicas de inteligencia artificial, desarrollar vídeos manipulados extremadamente realistas&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque también es frecuente que se aplique a los vídeos así creados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Las técnicas de inteligencia artificial a las que se refieren se conocen como &lt;em&gt;deep learning&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aprendizaje_profundo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aprendizaje profundo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. De &lt;em&gt;deep learning&lt;/em&gt; (con &lt;em&gt;deep&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;profundo&lt;/em&gt;) viene &lt;em&gt;deepfake&lt;/em&gt;, es decir, un &lt;em&gt;fake&lt;/em&gt; hecho con técnicas de &lt;em&gt;deep learning&lt;/em&gt;. De ahí que la propuesta de &lt;em&gt;ultrafalso&lt;/em&gt; me resulte chocante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo habría propuesto como alternativa &quot;falsificación profunda&quot; o &quot;extrema&quot;, o puede que &quot;falsificación realista&quot;, pero no desde luego lo que propone Fundéu. Pero por aunar todo el significado en un único sustantivo, ¿qué alternativas se os ocurren para traducir &lt;em&gt;deepfake&lt;/em&gt; al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T21:43:59.413" Title="Alternativas a la traducción de Fundeu de &quot;deepfake&quot; como &quot;ultrafalso&quot;" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28980" CreationDate="2019-03-27T14:10:16.733" Score="3" ViewCount="958" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Qué diferencia hay entre las palabras &lt;strong&gt;chupetear&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;chupar&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He visto gente hablando de las dos formas y todavía no entiendo qué diferencias hay o en cuál contexto podemos utilizarlas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me gustaría saber si hay contextos en los cuáles solo se puede utilizar una o la otra palabra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por lo que he visto en los diccionarios, parece que el significado es prácticamente el mismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1299" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T16:16:46.740" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T19:58:33.060" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre chupetear y chupar?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28974" CreationDate="2019-03-27T14:36:58.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chupetear implica repetición de chupar, como pisotear respecto de pisar, picotear respecto de picar, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si necesitas más info, luego amplío.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T14:36:58.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12343" CreationDate="2019-03-27T15:52:28.837" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rosettastone.com/spanish-words&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spanish words&lt;/a&gt; nobody says &lt;em&gt;&quot;mirar la televisión&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;Well, maybe sometimes you can hear it, but it gives the idea that you're watching it but without paying attention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Qué estás haciendo?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Nada, mirando la televisión ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives the idea that you're watching it without really paying attention, that it is boring... But in normal use we always say &lt;em&gt;&quot;ver la televisión&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21474" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-06-07T09:37:35.700" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T09:37:35.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-27T17:17:34.913" Score="5" ViewCount="924" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was talking with a friend who lives in the Carribbean and I remember getting stuck on the word &quot;baking soda&quot; as in &quot;Baking soda is a useful thing to have in the house.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=en&amp;amp;tl=es&amp;amp;text=baking%20soda&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google translate&lt;/a&gt; has given me: &lt;strong&gt;bicarbonato de sodio&lt;/strong&gt;.  Is there another less technical translation?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine this being regional.  When I lived in Puerto Rico, we often got away with saying the English word, just &quot;Dame el &lt;em&gt;baking soda&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;  Certainly, the box was in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: What is &quot;baking soda&quot; called in a Mexican grocery store?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1162" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-27T19:06:15.623" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T08:37:28.227" Title="Spanish word for &quot;baking soda&quot; (regional)" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28977" CreationDate="2019-03-27T19:05:56.353" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain it is sold as &lt;em&gt;bicarbonato sódico&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cFW8M.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QhH2V.png&quot; alt=&quot;bicarbonato sódico&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually people just call it &lt;em&gt;bicarbonato&lt;/em&gt; because that's the only type of bicarbonate you're ever going to talk about (unless you are a chemist).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another user wrote a now-deleted answer saying that in Costa Rica they call it &lt;em&gt;bicarbonato&lt;/em&gt; too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a native Spanish speaker from Costa Rica, when people refer to &quot;baking soda&quot;, they just say &lt;em&gt;bicarbonato&lt;/em&gt;, and it is inferred that the person is referring to &lt;em&gt;bicarbonato de sodio&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Voy a ir a la tienda a comprar bicarbonato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T08:37:28.227" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T08:37:28.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28974" CreationDate="2019-03-27T21:05:20.797" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chupetear&lt;/em&gt; es una derivación &lt;strong&gt;iterativa&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;frecuentativa&lt;/strong&gt;) de &lt;em&gt;chupar&lt;/em&gt;. Es decir que marca una acción repetida. El sufijo &lt;em&gt;-ear&lt;/em&gt; tiene ese significado, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sufijos.lli.ulaval.ca/corpus-1/contenido/formas-sufijales-en-e/sufijo-no-traslat-e-ar/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;entre muchos otros&lt;/a&gt; (suele aparecer como &lt;em&gt;-tear&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-quear&lt;/em&gt;). Otros pares de verbos que siguen este patrón son&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pisar ~ pisotear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;besar ~ besuquear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;correr ~ corretear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;parlar ~ parlotear&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;parlar&lt;/em&gt; con su significado original de &lt;em&gt;hablar&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;temblar ~ temblequear&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No son verbos intercambiables. Los verbos iterativos como éstos suelen ser creaciones espontáneas de los hablantes. Muchas veces son más bien informales, expresivos o pintorescos, y pueden incluso sonar vulgares. Por ejemplo, se puede decir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las mariposas chupan el néctar de las flores para alimentarse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero no se puede decir &lt;em&gt;«Las mariposas chupetean...»&lt;/em&gt;, aun cuando la definición del diccionario lo permita, porque &lt;em&gt;chupetear&lt;/em&gt; no sólo implica repetición. &lt;em&gt;Chupar&lt;/em&gt; es emocionalmente y estéticamente neutro; &lt;em&gt;chupetear&lt;/em&gt; indica una acción expresiva, quizá excesiva o grotesca.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T21:05:20.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28982" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28984" CreationDate="2019-03-28T09:42:03.293" Score="5" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo dibujos con los niños, en un episodio de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaze_and_the_Monster_Machines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blaze&lt;/a&gt; (esa serie que anima a los niños a ser ingenieros) apareció un oso que se dedicaba a comerse a besos a sus presas, y uno de los personajes lo llamó el &quot;oso besador&quot;. Más adelante, en otro episodio usaron la expresión que yo habría empleado en la traducción: &quot;oso besucón&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me resulta muy curiosa esa mutación de la &lt;em&gt;-o&lt;/em&gt; final de &lt;em&gt;beso&lt;/em&gt;, transformándose en el infijo &lt;em&gt;-uc-&lt;/em&gt; antes de formar el aumentativo. La única otra palabra que he visto que sufre un cambio similar es &lt;em&gt;bravucón&lt;/em&gt;, de &lt;em&gt;bravo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora viene lo curioso. Uno podría pensar que en realidad ese infijo &lt;em&gt;-uc-&lt;/em&gt; proviene de los verbos &lt;em&gt;besuquear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bravuconear&lt;/em&gt;, que sí lo llevan. Pero resulta que no es así, sino al revés. Según el DLE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=648f3eh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bravuconear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se formó a partir de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=640Cfuc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bravucón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y este de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=63pF2Fd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bravo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, luego el infijo &lt;em&gt;-uc-&lt;/em&gt; se creó al formar el aumentativo. En el caso de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5Q1zBY0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;besuquear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, este viene de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5PuDPha&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;besucar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, pero para este no se indica la etimología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿cuál es el origen de ese infijo &lt;em&gt;-uc-&lt;/em&gt; encontrado en &lt;em&gt;besucón&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;bravucón&lt;/em&gt;? Y, en caso de que aplique, ¿tienen &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JSb1xCn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grandullón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JSfKTOz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grandulón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;grande&lt;/em&gt;) un origen similar? Corominas cita el primer uso de &lt;em&gt;besucar&lt;/em&gt; en 1607, y de &lt;em&gt;bravucón&lt;/em&gt; en 1836, por lo que el primero pudo haber influido en la creación del segundo. Aunque la palabra puede ser anterior, a juzgar por el CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahotas que dos cordones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  me dieron porque hiz sones,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  á una dí dos besucones&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  que como la miél sabié.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Cancionero de obras de burlas provocantes a risa&quot;, c1445-1519 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T13:24:43.513" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T11:10:53.577" Title="Origen del infijo &quot;-uc-&quot; en &quot;besucón&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28983" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28985" CreationDate="2019-03-28T12:56:09.683" Score="4" ViewCount="2590" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm software developer and I'm having to add these two fields that doesn't have here in my country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;colonia&quot; and &quot;interior&quot; means in an address line in Mexico? And &quot;No exterior&quot; and &quot;no interior&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two images for better context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy programador y tengo que adicionar estos dos campos que no existen aquí en mi país.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significan &quot;colonia&quot; e &quot;interior&quot; en una dirección en Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G2oRw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G2oRw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GM3q1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GM3q1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21478" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T09:29:30.227" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T09:29:30.227" Title="What does &quot;colonia&quot; and &quot;interior/dpto&quot; means in Mexico on address lines?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28982" CreationDate="2019-03-28T12:58:06.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Besucar&lt;/em&gt; igual que &lt;em&gt;besucón&lt;/em&gt; (como notas) aparece primero en el siglo XVI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quincia.&lt;/strong&gt; Y contigo vayan, señor. ¿Esto quedava por hazer? ¡Ay, Jesús!, ¿no estás ya farto de besucar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quincia.&lt;/strong&gt; Acabemos ya de besucar, que es desonrra, auiéndonos visto el señor Rodancho como estáuamos y tan brcue ser como insensatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Segunda/Tercera Celestina&lt;/em&gt; (1534, 1536)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La boca, hermoso paseo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  de apetito que besuca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  cuando, por sobra de lenguas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  acontece que esté muda. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poesías&lt;/em&gt;, Quevedo y Villegas (1597 - 1645)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero también hay &lt;em&gt;besuco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo andan los abrazos y besucos;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  son menester dos huevos de cabritos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Poseías&lt;/em&gt;, Francisco de Aldana (c 1560 - a 1578)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, creo que la evolución era algo así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;beso &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;besuco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup&gt;(+ &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=b0o6oUH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-uco&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;besucón &lt;sup&gt;(+ ón)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;besucar &lt;sup&gt;(+ -ar)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;besuquear &lt;sup&gt;(+ -ear)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay unas más palabras así. Dos pájaros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;diuca &gt; diucón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alūcus &gt; alucón &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y un par de palabras más simlares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peluca &gt; pelucona&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;machucar &gt; machucón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bravar &gt; bravucón&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Todos estos ejemplos tienen una &lt;em&gt;-uc-&lt;/em&gt; etimológica, salvo que &lt;em&gt;bravucón&lt;/em&gt; (que también has notado), que podemos asumir se ha pasado el mismo tipo de evolución.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. &lt;strong&gt;Besuco,&lt;/strong&gt; m. ant. Bejuco. || Beso dado de mala gana, con mal arte.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sup&gt;- 1918 RODRÍGUEZ NAVAS&lt;/sup&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T11:10:53.577" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T11:10:53.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28983" CreationDate="2019-03-28T13:42:10.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt;, a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=colonia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;colonia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is a neighborhood, so in that field you're just supposed to type in the name of the neighborhood you live in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No.&lt;/em&gt; is the abbreviation for &lt;em&gt;número&lt;/em&gt;, so &lt;em&gt;no. exterior&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;exterior number&lt;/em&gt;, this is the number of the building. And &lt;em&gt;no. interior&lt;/em&gt; is the &lt;em&gt;interior number&lt;/em&gt;, the number of the apartment inside the building.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Depto.&lt;/em&gt; is the abbreviation of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=CEajDW3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;departamento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, used here with the meaning of &lt;em&gt;flat&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;apartment&lt;/em&gt;. Once more you're supposed to type in here the number of your apartment inside the building (the &lt;em&gt;interior number&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you have an example of a Mexican address &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_postal#M%C3%A9xico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;taken from the Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C. Francisco I. Madero No. 115 Int. 1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Col. Nuevo Casas Grandes Centro&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  31700 Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have &quot;calle Francisco I. Madero&quot;, with an exterior number of 115 and interior number of 1, in the neighborhood (&lt;em&gt;colonia&lt;/em&gt;) of &quot;Nuevo Casas Grandes Centro&quot;, postal code 31700, in the city of &quot;Nuevo Casas Grandes&quot;, state of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chihuahua&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T13:52:28.823" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T13:52:28.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28989" CreationDate="2019-03-28T16:51:17.580" Score="3" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;La cita es de &quot;Cuando Sara Chura despierte&quot; de Juan Pablo Piñeiro,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los tropicales cantan al alcohol con una mujer a su lado y el alcohol es la metáfora de la fugacidad de ese encuentro. En cambio yo le canto como un andino, porque es el elixir que despierta la memoria y por &lt;strong&gt;ella&lt;/strong&gt; se hace insoportable la nostalgia. Beber es intentar olvidar recordando.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Qué significa &lt;em&gt;ella&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Es la memoria, la mujer, como &quot;it&quot; o hace referencia a persona a fuera de la cita? Pregunto porque esta novela puede tener interpretaciones múltiples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo soy un hablante de inglés que está aprendiendo español...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20235" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T19:11:28.750" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:17:47.113" Title="¿A qué hace referencia &quot;ella&quot; en este fragmento?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="282" CreationDate="2019-03-28T18:20:40.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fundéu también escribió al respecto en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/consulta/siquiera-ni-siquiera-1243/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;siquiera, ni siquiera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, indicando que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;siquiera&lt;/em&gt; es la forma correcta&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Es correcto usar «siquiera» y «ni siquiera» de forma indistinta en oraciones negativas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Siquiera&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;ni siquiera&lt;/em&gt; (y &lt;em&gt;ni tan siquiera&lt;/em&gt;) se emplean, en efecto, en las oraciones negativas con el mismo significado. Se trata de un uso que, por lo que hemos podido comprobar, se remonta, por lo menos, al siglo XVI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como puede verse en la definición del DLE, viene de la unión de la conjunción &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XmM8PPL%7CXmMshCc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;si&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y la conjugación del verbo &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y0gIPHg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;siquiera&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;De si y quiera, 3.ª pers. de sing. del pres. de subj. de querer.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. conc. aunque. Hazme este favor, siquiera sea el último.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;conj. distrib. ya. Siquiera venga, siquiera no venga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. al menos (‖ aunque no sea otra cosa). Deme usted media paga siquiera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adv. Tan solo. U. en contextos negativos o irreales. No tengo un euro siquiera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Nueva Gramática describe &lt;em&gt;si quiera&lt;/em&gt; en su entrada &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pnDWvDhfPRWmViLv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;40.8f&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dicho lo cual, veo en el CORPUS de la RAE bastantes entradas con &lt;em&gt;si quiera&lt;/em&gt; (separado), que van menguando a medida que van pasando los siglos, pero siguen estando presentes incluso en 1955, en &lt;em&gt;La Hojarasca&lt;/em&gt; de Gabriel García Márquez:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esa fue la primera vez que se vieron. Y fue también la última. Sin embargo, la vida del doctor se prolongó hasta esta madrugada porque El Cachorro intervino otra vez a su favor la noche en que le suplicaron que atendiera a los heridos y él &lt;em&gt;ni si quiera&lt;/em&gt; abrió la puerta, y le gritaron esa terrible sentencia cuyo cumplimiento yo me encargaré ahora de impedir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-28T21:25:51.933" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T21:25:51.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28987" CreationDate="2019-03-28T19:11:08.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hay desde luego cierta ambigüedad por el uso de pronombres, pero yo interpreto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cambio yo le canto (al alcohol) como un andino, porque (el alcohol) es el elixir que despierta la memoria y por &lt;strong&gt;la memoria&lt;/strong&gt; se hace insoportable la nostalgia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías decir también&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cambio yo le canto (al alcohol) como un andino, porque  es el elixir que despierta la memoria y por &lt;strong&gt;esta&lt;/strong&gt; (la memoria) se hace insoportable la nostalgia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que se refiera a una mujer, porque se habla de ellas en plural en la oración anterior. No tiene sentido que en esta pase a referirse a una en particular. Si fuese &quot;ella&quot; una mujer, sería en todo caso &quot;el &lt;strong&gt;recuerdo&lt;/strong&gt; de una mujer&quot;, pero creo que no es el caso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del poco contexto que hay, yo deduzco que es la memoria la que hace insoportable la nostalgia, no una mujer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T19:11:08.720" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28974" CreationDate="2019-03-28T19:58:33.060" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chupetear es un verbo y es la acción de usar un chupete, chupeta o chupón.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chupar es otro verbo que es sinonimo de succionar o mamar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8949" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T19:58:33.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5815" CreationDate="2019-03-28T20:36:00.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm from Argentina and we say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pieza&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to mean &quot;bedroom&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21485" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T09:10:22.347" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T09:10:22.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28993" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-03-29T07:09:50.287" Score="5" ViewCount="1074" Body="&lt;p&gt;In recent years I have been hearing people say in Spanish that something is &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt;, but in contexts where it cannot be translated as &quot;aleatorio&quot; or &quot;al azar&quot; as usual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es un tío muy &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I suppose its meaning could be that the guy is &lt;em&gt;caprichoso&lt;/em&gt; or maybe &lt;em&gt;impredecible&lt;/em&gt;. But then the other day I heard something like this in &lt;em&gt;La Voz&lt;/em&gt; when a guy was about to start singing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto que siento es muy &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the two adjectives I considered before do not fit in here. So I am trying to think of a Spanish word that can fit in both contexts (and maybe others) to see if there is really the need for this neologism, but I cannot come up with anything. I suppose the guy just did not understand what he was feeling so he used the &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; word in the sense of &lt;em&gt;inexplicable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the word &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; used today in Spanish? Are there other contexts where it is being used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a proper neologism? Can it be substituted for a single Spanish word in every context? Or does it need to be substituted for different words depending on the context?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have heard the word in Spain so I added the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/espa%c3%b1a&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;espa&amp;#241;a&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;espa&amp;#241;a&lt;/a&gt; tag. Is it used also in Latin America with the same meaning?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T09:19:00.583" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T11:32:27.463" Title="A &quot;random&quot; question: usage of &quot;random&quot; as adjective in Spanish" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28993" CreationDate="2019-03-29T10:02:53.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;&quot;random&quot;&lt;/em&gt; usada en español no quiere decir nada en particular.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cultura &lt;em&gt;millenial&lt;/em&gt; americana considera lo impredecible, lo sorprendente y lo inesperado como algo bueno, algo que mola, algo &lt;em&gt;cool&lt;/em&gt;. Para describir cosas con estas características, empezaron a usar la palabra &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;random&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; con carga positiva.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo de algo &lt;em&gt;&quot;random&quot;&lt;/em&gt; sería &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNf9BMGezBk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el último anuncio de Phoskitos para España&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QvkRXm_Yst8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el de Fanta con Rubius&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A la cultura &lt;em&gt;millenial&lt;/em&gt; española ha llegado el término a través de &lt;em&gt;youtubers&lt;/em&gt;, vídeos graciosos, series &lt;em&gt;teen&lt;/em&gt; y demás contenido audiovisual en inglés en donde lo único que ven es que &lt;em&gt;&quot;random&quot;&lt;/em&gt; se usa cada vez que pasa algo &quot;guay&quot;. Y por tanto en España se usa esta palabra sin mucho criterio: sirve lo mismo para algo sorprendente, que para algo divertido, que para algo que sencillamente te genera un sentimiento positivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuente: experiencia propia a base de observar, con una mezcla de interés científico y desesperanza, el uso del lenguaje de mi hermano adolescente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T10:02:53.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28993" CreationDate="2019-03-29T10:58:14.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No coincido con la respuesta de walen. Para mí, tal como lo entiendo, &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; significaría algo como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que aparece espontáneamente en un contexto con el que no guarda ninguna relación lógica.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(me la acabo de inventar), pero creo que existe un acuerdo bastante general en que significa algo así. De hecho, &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; en inglés significa &quot;aleatorio&quot;, y aleatorio significa, según la RAE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aleatorio, ria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Perteneciente o relativo al juego de azar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que depende del azar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero me gustaría ir algo más allá. Con una interpretación más científica o filosófica, el azar es &lt;strong&gt;lo opuesto al determinismo&lt;/strong&gt;. Determinismo significa que existen leyes naturales o lógicas que rigen la evolución de la situación. De esta forma, conociendo la situación inicial, podemos &lt;strong&gt;predecir&lt;/strong&gt; lo que va a ocurrir, porque existe un orden lógico que gobierna el desarrollo de los acontecimientos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el contrario, el azar, o &lt;strong&gt;aleatoriedad&lt;/strong&gt; implica que no se puede predecir lo que va a ocurrir. Tan solo se pueden estimar probabilidades, pero no existe certeza de lo que va a ocurrir. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me lleva a pensar en &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; como algo &lt;code&gt;inesperado&lt;/code&gt;, de ahí también lo de &quot;sorprendente&quot;, como bien decís.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, discrepo de que tenga siempre connotaciones positivas. Hoy en día se pueden escuchar frases como&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Estábamos tan tranquilos y de repente empezó a gritar como un loco, así, &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta frase es negativa, pero contiene el mismo significado de esta palabra: sin ninguna lógica, sin sentido, &lt;code&gt;porque sí&lt;/code&gt;. De hecho, creo que la expresión &quot;porque sí&quot; es la que mejor lo describe. Quizás se puedan buscar adjetivos similares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Absurdo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Incoherente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Irracional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Le encuentro bastante relación con el &lt;strong&gt;dadaísmo&lt;/strong&gt;, que vendría a consistir en &quot;hacer arte con cosas &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; &quot; (perdonad la simplificación ^^). Algunos de los adjetivos que los dadaístas utilizan para describirse a sí mismos son los que acabo de listar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante, creo que &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt; tiene tintes propios. Personalmente no tendría problema en aceptarlo como neologismo, aunque es solamente una opinión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T10:58:14.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28993" CreationDate="2019-03-29T11:31:44.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Random&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish is a colloquial and trendy way of saying &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt;, which, although not included in RAE, is usually used to mean &quot;incoherent&quot;, and by thus, funny. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at this aricle: &lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/11/05/articulo/1446740407_989364.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2015/11/05/articulo/1446740407_989364.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In relation to this answer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28995/21492&quot;&gt;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28995/21492&lt;/a&gt;, I must say &quot;[...] un tío loco, así, &lt;em&gt;random&lt;/em&gt;.&quot; is synonymous to &quot;[...] un tio loco de la nada.&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21492" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T11:31:44.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28993" CreationDate="2019-03-29T11:32:27.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo no soy de españa pero aveces lo escucho aca, a mi me suena como si quisieran decir &quot;bizarro&quot;. Onda, algo loco, absurdo, como las cosas que pasan en JoJo Bizarre adventures jajjaja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im not from spain but I hear it from time to time. Usually the meaning behind it is like &quot;bizarre&quot;, not bizarre in terms of courage but bizarre in terms of something crazy, weird. It may have good or bad connotations depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21493" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T11:32:27.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28899" CreationDate="2019-03-29T11:59:54.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't found the full lyrics, nor did I know the song before now, but I did some research:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the DRAE's entry for &quot;Agua&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=1BKpQj3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hacer agua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Dicho especialmente de un proyecto: Presentar debilidad o síntomas de ir a fracasar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Mar. hacer aguada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loc. verb. Dicho de un buque: Ser invadido por el agua a través de alguna grieta o abertura.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess, out from the first meaning, that &quot;dar agua&quot;, as both &quot;dar&quot; and &quot;hacer&quot; are &lt;em&gt;vague words&lt;/em&gt; used to mark the intent of the forthcoming word, holds the same meaning as &quot;hacer agua&quot;, but in regards to people, not to projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, I assume &quot;dar agua&quot; means the same as &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6fFiXov&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dar calabazas&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Cold as ice water is often unexpected, and shocks you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21492" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T13:26:35.230" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T13:26:35.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28987" CreationDate="2019-03-29T12:17:47.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En literatura es común dejar elidido el sujeto intencionadamente en, al menos, dos casos diferentes, en caso de ambigüedad: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pretendes que el lector interprete el significado por su cuenta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Te refieres a ambas cosas, pero por el contexto queda mejor usar el singular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En contraste a la anterior respuesta, yo interpreto &lt;em&gt;&quot;la memoria de una mujer&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21492" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:17:47.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27196" CreationDate="2019-03-29T12:28:37.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esto&lt;/em&gt; is used to refer to general things/situations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can replace it with &quot;All this&quot; in most cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Esta/Este is a deterministic article, followed by a noun (and its complements).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ésta/Éste (written este/esta by new RAE rules) are personal pronouns, serving as a replacement for the previous example, if its already given.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that Ésta/Éste (written este/esta) can also be a degrading and a (not so) pejorative way of referring to a person, as in &quot;This dude&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21492" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:28:37.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19633" CreationDate="2019-03-29T12:40:50.113" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Los humanos tenemos olfato, pero no tan bueno como muchos otros animales, y dependemos de la vista y el oído para nuestra supervivencia. De hecho, es el sentido menos desarrollado de nuestra especie. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150702112110.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150702112110.htm&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El olor pasa por vía aérea, por lo que &quot;tiene un aire&quot; podría ser sinónimo a &quot;tiene un olor a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión, si alguien tiene un aire a algo, se entiende que tiene similitudes con otra cosa, pero que no lo sabe con certitud, al no confiar en su sentido del olfato.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21492" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T12:40:50.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28972" CreationDate="2019-03-29T16:49:27.693" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que el problema es que la traducción no es totalmente correcta: si interpretamos &lt;em&gt;fake&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;counterfeit&lt;/em&gt;, (es decir, &quot;falsificación&quot;),  cobra más sentido: como &lt;strong&gt;ultrafalsificación&lt;/strong&gt;, se puede entender como una falsificación muy conseguida, difícil de detectar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: El artículo enlazado ya ofrece esta opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De igual modo, es posible crear otras palabras como ultrafalsear (como ultrafalsear un vídeo), ultrafalseado (como vídeo ultrafalseado) y ultrafalsificación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14615" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T16:49:27.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29016" CreationDate="2019-03-29T17:13:03.983" Score="12" ViewCount="2750" Body="&lt;p&gt;En las líneas de caja del Carrefour hay un cartelito:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQ1VD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agiliza tu compra y deposítala en la cinta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esa oración, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=A2gcivD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;compra&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; tiene, al mismo tiempo, dos significados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;em&gt;&quot;agiliza tu compra&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;compra&quot; se refiere a la acción de comprar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;em&gt;&quot;deposíta&lt;strong&gt;la&lt;/strong&gt; en la cinta&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;la&quot; se refiere a la compra... pero ya no como la acción de comprar, sino como el conjunto de los objetos comprados.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Tiene nombre este recurso literario, por llamarlo de alguna manera?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: Yo mismo he usado un recurso parecido &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/22413/translation-golf-xix-moominland-midwinter#comment35808_22419&quot;&gt;en alguna ocasión&lt;/a&gt;, ¿es el mismo caso o es otro recurso distinto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-01T23:03:08.550" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T09:19:15.553" Title="¿Cómo se llama cuando *la misma* palabra cambia de significado según avanza la frase?" Tags="&lt;recurso-retórico&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29006" CreationDate="2019-03-29T18:33:50.490" Score="6" ViewCount="829" Body="&lt;p&gt;En España es común llamar &lt;em&gt;facha&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo del adjetivo &lt;em&gt;fascista&lt;/em&gt;. Así lo recoge el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HSVIHQk|HSXn31v|HSa7yQO&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;facha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Acort. del it. fascista.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. coloq. &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HexvkN9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;fascista&lt;/a&gt;. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. coloq. De ideología política reaccionaria. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Donde:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HexvkN9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fascista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;Del it. fascista.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Perteneciente o relativo al fascismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Partidario del fascismo. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Excesivamente autoritario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si escucho la palabra &lt;a href=&quot;https://translate.google.com/#view=home&amp;amp;op=translate&amp;amp;sl=it&amp;amp;tl=pt&amp;amp;text=fascista&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;fascista&lt;/em&gt; en italiano en Google Translate&lt;/a&gt; oigo algo así como /faxista/, que queda algo lejos de /facha/. Por ello, ¿alguien sabe cuál fue la evolución del vocablo &lt;em&gt;fascista&lt;/em&gt; hasta llegar a &lt;em&gt;facha&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nótese por cierto que también se usa &lt;em&gt;facho&lt;/em&gt; en Hispanoamérica:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HSqwXYN&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;facho, cha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. despect. coloq. Arg., Chile y Ur. &lt;strong&gt;facha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. Apl. a pers., u. t. c. s.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. coloq. Cuba. robo (‖ acción de robar).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T23:49:43.800" Title="¿Por qué se utiliza &quot;facha&quot; o &quot;facho&quot; como sinónimo coloquial de &quot;fascista&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;&lt;argentina&gt;&lt;italiano&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29013" CreationDate="2019-03-29T21:58:22.280" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been studying Spanish for some time and I believe I have came a long way but I have still got a serious problem when it comes to using reflexive verbs in a conversation or an essay. I am a native Turkish speaker and we haven't really got a structure similar to reflexive verbs in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe I am not the only who faces this struggle and I'd be more than delighted if someone could tell me how to comprehend and use the reflexive verbs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you also share with me some of the exercises you have got for reflexive verbs? I have already searched on the internet about it but unfortunately there are only a few.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21188" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T08:11:04.577" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T08:11:04.577" Title="How are reflexive verbs used in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2019-04-02T08:09:33.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29004" CreationDate="2019-03-29T23:41:21.280" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se llama este fenómeno &lt;em&gt;síncopa&lt;/em&gt;. Es más notable en la evolución de palabras latinas a español, pero a veces se pasa en palabras recientes también:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vuestra merced &gt; usted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;impecable &gt; impeque&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;facultativo &gt; faculto&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bailador &gt; bailaor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fonolita &gt; fonola&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fórmico &gt; formo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;em&gt;fascista&lt;/em&gt; (que se pronuncia como &quot;fachista&quot;) &gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2v1YAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=facha+fascista&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;facha&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-03-29T23:49:43.800" LastActivityDate="2019-03-29T23:49:43.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29003" CreationDate="2019-03-29T23:57:14.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personalmente, considero que la redacción de la frase es defectuosa, pues el pronombre enclítico &quot;la&quot; no encuentra su referente en la palabra &quot;compra&quot; según su acepción inicial (el acto de comprar) sino en una segunda acepción (el producto de la compra).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta variación es posible gracias a la polisemia de la palabra &quot;compra&quot;, existiendo entre las dos acepciones una relación metonímica, posiblemente entre una causa abstracta y su efecto concreto ( &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonimia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonimia&lt;/a&gt; ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Un ejemplo similar, aunque no tan crítico, sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gestionó un préstamo y lo usó (el dinero obtenido a través del préstamo) para comprar un automóvil.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque a expensas de la economía del texto, corregiría el texto en cuestión así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agiliza tu compra y deposita los productos (comprados) ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En conclusión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No considero que se trate de un &quot;recurso literario&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Considero que simplemente se trata de un mal uso de la lengua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-03-30T12:59:00.973" LastActivityDate="2019-03-30T12:59:00.973" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29008" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29010" CreationDate="2019-03-30T02:09:16.223" Score="2" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the below example could &quot;a&quot; be used in place of &quot;para&quot; (as both can be translated to mean &quot;to&quot;)? If para must be used, what is the rule when translating the english word &quot;to&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La campaña &lt;strong&gt;para&lt;/strong&gt; ratificar el usmca&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;The campaign to ratify the usmca&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw a similar question (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/4599/when-to-use-a-and-when-to-use-para&quot;&gt;When to use &amp;#39;a&amp;#39; and when to use &amp;#39;para&amp;#39;?&lt;/a&gt;) but because the example uses the verb &lt;strong&gt;ir&lt;/strong&gt;, it caused me more confusion considering the verb ir is often followed by &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorUserId="20431" LastEditDate="2019-03-30T20:39:00.547" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T01:14:37.250" Title="Can we say &quot;La campaña *a* ratificar...&quot; instead of &quot;La campaña *para* ratificar...&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29008" CreationDate="2019-03-31T01:14:37.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=ctMgM8Bp2D6ELPuNfg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/a&gt; (DPD) warns that &lt;strong&gt;the construction &lt;em&gt;a + infinitive&lt;/em&gt; is not natural to Spanish&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; it's a syntactic structure that was introduced from French language and became popular around the XIX century (I'm guessing, due to bad translations at the height of French romanticism). So, you must be very careful when using it. The DPD suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; Si la preposición &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; admite su sustitución por las preposiciones &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt; o &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;, o el relativo &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, [...] debe desecharse la construcción galicada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Rough) Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; If &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; can be replaced with &lt;code&gt;por&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt;, [...] one must dismiss this French structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's see if we can use &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; in the sentence without changing its meaning (if true, as stated in the DPD, we must dismiss &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The campaign to ratify USMCA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the original sentence, the preposition &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; is marking a &quot;purpose&quot; relation between two elements: &lt;code&gt;The campaign&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ratify&lt;/code&gt;. You can think of it as this way: In order to get the USCMCA ratified, there was a campaign. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, according to the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática Española&lt;/em&gt; (something like the official Spanish grammar manual), &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;strong&gt;in Spanish there's only one preposition that conveys that purpose relationship&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La campaña para ratificar el USMCA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt; is better suited than &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, as the DPD's rule states, we must dismiss &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; and stick to &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Small tip: prepositions are tricky when learning a new language. Even natives often have problems! This is because, &lt;strong&gt;unlike other words like verbs, adjectives or nouns, prepositions do not have a fixed lexical content&lt;/strong&gt; (i.e., their meaning is always changing). They're relational words: their meaning changes when their position in a sentence changes. For example, the may work in one way when they're in front of a noun, but in another when they're in front a transitive verb, or when they introduce an indirect object, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Therefore, it's a bad practice to assign prepositions in your target language a preposition in your native language&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; is not always &lt;code&gt;para&lt;/code&gt;; &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; is not altwas &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. As well as the construction &lt;em&gt;noun + a + noun&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. p. 569.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20977" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T01:14:37.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29015" CreationDate="2019-03-31T14:37:11.187" Score="4" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;El contexto es el siguiente: una persona hizo una investigación sobre la violencia en una región del país y colectó los datos necesarios en una institución que sirve como una base de datos acerca de ese problema. En ese contexto, ¿cuál de las dos opciones es la más adecuada?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fueron colectados los datos junto a la institución x&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Fueron colectados los datos junto con la institución x&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13707" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T20:06:34.230" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre &quot;junto a&quot; y &quot;junto con&quot;?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29005" CreationDate="2019-03-31T15:33:02.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I remember starting with reflexive pronouns and it throwing me off.  I think I can help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First we need to ask the question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the reflexive pronouns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me &lt;sub&gt;myself&lt;/sub&gt; ------ 4. nos &lt;sub&gt;ourselves&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te &lt;sub&gt;yourself&lt;/sub&gt; ------ 5. os &lt;sub&gt;yourselves&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;se &lt;sub&gt;yourself&lt;/sub&gt; ------ 6. se &lt;sub&gt;yourselves, themselves&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh wait.. this looks just like our normal conjugation chart for spanish verbs.  We can easily take any spanish verb and make it reflexive by using our pronouns.  Let's look at an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;peinar - to comb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peino ------ 4. peinamos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peinas ------ 5. peinais&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peina ------ 6. peinan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;peinarse - to comb (oneself):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;me peino ------ 4. nos peinamos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;te peinas ------ 5. os peinais&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;se peina ------ 6. se peinan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the purpose of a reflexive pronoun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dictionary.com/browse/reflexive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adjective&#xA;       (of a verb) taking a subject and object with identical referents, as shave in I shave myself.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;       (of a pronoun) used as an object to refer to the subject of a verb, as myself in I shave myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we generally use &lt;strong&gt;reflexive pronouns&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;reflexive verbs&lt;/strong&gt;.  For example some reflexive verbs you may have seen before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ponerse - to put on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sentarse - to sit down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preguntarse  - to wonder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quedarse - to stay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preocuparse - to worry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sentirse - to feel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reflexive verbs are used in sentences where the subject and object of the sentence are the same!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Notice how these verbs end with se at the end.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When do we use a reflexive pronoun?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's look at some examples of how we can actually use these verbs in a sentence and try to make sense of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me coto mi mano.&lt;/em&gt;  (I cut my hand.)  Here I am stating that I cut my hand (myself).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;I am the subject of this sentence and I am entity receiving the action&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maria se lava el pelo todas las noches.&lt;/em&gt; (She washes her hair every night) Here I am stating that the subject, Maria, washes her hair (herself) every night.  &lt;strong&gt;Maria is the subject of the sentence and Maria is also the one receiving the action.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por favor Fernando, vistete.&lt;/em&gt; (Please Fernando, dress yourself.)  Here I am asking the subject, Fernando, to dress (yourself). &lt;strong&gt;Notice how the reflexive pronoun appears after the verb in this case.  Remember this happens when we are using the imperative! (Commanding someone)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General Notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Notice how the reflexive pronoun is placed &lt;strong&gt;behind&lt;/strong&gt; the verb.  This is the general placement of reflexive pronouns unless the verb is in the infinitive or imperative.  In this case the reflexive pronoun is placed &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the verb.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reflexive pronouns are (me, te, se, nos, os, se).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We use a reflexive pronoun when the subject and object of the sentence are the same.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20868" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T07:48:43.110" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T07:48:43.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18317" CreationDate="2019-03-31T17:44:06.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would translate this phrase &quot;as it is.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De por si, la casa es chiquita, y ahora van a venir a vivir dos mas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The house is small as it is, and now two more people are going to live here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21509" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T17:44:06.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29012" CreationDate="2019-03-31T20:06:34.230" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;En este contexto ambas opciones son correctas, es decir: ambas están perfectamente bien gramaticalmente. Sin embargo, la primera (donde se utiliza &lt;em&gt;junto a&lt;/em&gt;) es ambigua, porque &lt;em&gt;junto a&lt;/em&gt; significa dos cosas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;acompañado por, con la ayuda de&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;(físicamente) al lado de&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si dices &lt;em&gt;junto a la institución X&lt;/em&gt;, algunas personas podrían entender que los datos fueron reunidos y depositados en un lugar físico (un edificio con archivos, por ejemplo) situado a un lado del edificio de la institución X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio la opción con &lt;em&gt;junto con&lt;/em&gt; no es ambigua: &lt;em&gt;junto con&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;acompañado por, con la ayuda o colaboración de&quot; y sólo eso. A mi oído además es un poco más formal y va mejor con esta idea. Por lo tanto yo usaría &lt;em&gt;junto con&lt;/em&gt;, o cambiaría la expresión para hacer explícita la idea, diciendo &lt;em&gt;con la ayuda de la institución X&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T20:06:34.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29003" CreationDate="2019-03-31T20:10:57.353" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probablemente esto es lo que buscas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DmilAOl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dilogía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;dilogĭa&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. διλογία &lt;em&gt;dilogía&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; f. Empleo de una palabra que hay que entender en dos sentidos distintos a la vez dentro del mismo enunciado, como en &lt;em&gt;salió de la cárcel con tanta honra, que le acompañaron doscientos&lt;/em&gt; cardenales, &lt;em&gt;sino que a ninguno llamaban &quot;señoría&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el DRAE ejemplifica con un quevedismo bien conocido, en el que se juega con los dos significados de la palabra &lt;em&gt;cardenales&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;prelados&quot; y &quot;hematomas&quot;), del mismo modo que en la frase de la pregunta se juega con distintos significados de la palabra &lt;em&gt;compra&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este recurso también se conoce como &lt;em&gt;antanaclasis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;diáfora&lt;/em&gt;, y más generalmente como &lt;em&gt;equívoco&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, concediendo por completo la razón a @Gustavson, me parece que un concepto tan bonito y tan griego como éste debería aplicarse a casos intencionales, que pretendan generar un efecto llamativo, novedoso o inteligente, y no a los que ocurren por puro descuido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastEditorUserId="6915" LastEditDate="2019-03-31T20:28:45.623" LastActivityDate="2019-03-31T20:28:45.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29026" CreationDate="2019-04-01T12:48:24.993" Score="3" ViewCount="1135" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la respuesta a &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/27834/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Queda actualmente alg&amp;#250;n caso en el que el participio de presente se use como verbo?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; vimos que hay algunos participios de presente usados como adverbios o preposiciones, además de los correspondientes adjetivos y sustantivos. Normalmente es fácil saber de qué verbo viene la forma, como &lt;em&gt;bastante&lt;/em&gt; que viene de &lt;em&gt;bastar&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, en otros casos no queda claro, así que siguiendo la senda iniciada con &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/28970/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cual es el verbo correspondiente a &amp;quot;inmerso&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que nos deparó una sorpresa, me animo con la siguiente pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dada la voz &lt;em&gt;suficiente&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YehIeT0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;suficiente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sufficiens, -entis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Bastante para lo que se necesita.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Apto o idóneo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Pedante, engreído que habla con afectación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué verbo proviene? Imagino que será de un verbo que existió en su día en latín, pero ¿llegó ese verbo a ser usado en algún momento en el idioma español? ¿O tal vez algún derivado del mismo? Y si es así, ¿qué significado tenía?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T21:18:20.573" Title="¿Cuál es el verbo correspondiente a &quot;suficiente&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;adjetivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18036" CreationDate="2019-04-01T19:03:40.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Persona de muy escasa experiencia o solvencia profesional, insignificante intrascendente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21515" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-01T20:09:08.097" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T20:09:08.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29060" CreationDate="2019-04-01T19:54:01.903" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading &lt;em&gt;Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal&lt;/em&gt; and the following passage has me a tiny bit confused gramatically (I understand the meaning though):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quirrell se apartó, con el rostro también quemado, y entonces Harry se dio cuenta: Quirrell no podía tocar su piel sin sufrir un dolor terrible. Su única oportunidad era sujetar a Quirrell, &lt;strong&gt;que sintiera&lt;/strong&gt; tanto dolor como para impedir que hiciera el maleficio...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially I thought the &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; here was a subordinating conjuction (can you use &lt;code&gt;que&lt;/code&gt; all by itself like that in Spanish, or would you need something like &lt;code&gt;para que&lt;/code&gt; instead?), but now I wonder if it's actually introducing a nominal clause, as if the text were &lt;code&gt;Su única oportunidad era que Quirrell sintiera tanto dolor...&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I on the right track? Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T16:23:31.707" Title="Why does this passage use the imperfect subjunctive?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;subjuntivo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-01T20:28:27.317" Score="1" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según la RAE, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SBYkThb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patriotero&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Que alardea excesiva e inoportunamente de patriotismo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto me da a entender que es un patriota estilo héroe americano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero este artículo dice algo completamente distinto: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.prensalibre.com/opinion/patriota-o-patriotero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.prensalibre.com/opinion/patriota-o-patriotero/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al final, ¿cuál es la diferencia entre &lt;em&gt;patriota&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;patriotero&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21516" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T05:54:40.790" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T05:54:40.790" Title="¿&quot;Patriota&quot; o &quot;patriotero&quot;?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-entre-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29021" CreationDate="2019-04-01T21:09:54.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No entiendo la pregunta, el mismo texto que enlazas lo dice muy claro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La RAE define patriotero como un adjetivo utilizado para quien alardea excesiva e inoportunamente de patriotismo. &lt;strong&gt;Coloquialmente se ha convertido en una forma irónica para denominar a los falsos patriotas&lt;/strong&gt;, que pretenden enmascarar como algo bueno lo malo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T21:09:54.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-01T21:17:22.963" Score="5" ViewCount="12678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a native speaker, but I saw a meme that had it &quot;aquí mando yo&quot; and that sounds weird to me, so I want to know if I'm wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21517" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-04T04:21:55.900" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T04:29:51.807" Title="Which is it, &quot;aquí mando yo&quot; or &quot;aquí yo mando&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;orden-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29024" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29027" CreationDate="2019-04-01T21:43:35.080" Score="6" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently helping some Spanish-speaking students with something, in which they had to translate &lt;strong&gt;take&lt;/strong&gt;. The translation I've learned in classes is &lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;, but that was interpreted as &quot;to drink&quot;, so &lt;strong&gt;agarrar&lt;/strong&gt; was used as a synonym to ease understanding. I learned it was not technically correct, because it was related to the word for &quot;garras&quot;, which means claws, so only an animal can &quot;agarrar&quot; something (although, I may have misunderstood). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have researched the issue, and according to various sites I trust for Spanish (see Spanish Dict's article &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/agarrar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;), example sentences are given with people &quot;agarrando&quot; things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did I misunderstand? Is &lt;strong&gt;agarrar&lt;/strong&gt; technically correct for people? If not, can you clarify why a person can't &quot;agarrar&quot; something (I was a bit confused with the &quot;claws&quot; argument)? If it is not technically correct, is it so  widely accepted I'd be understood anywhere I used it, and would it still be correct, even in more formal writing? Is it a country-specific thing? Is there another word for &quot;take&quot; I could use other than &quot;tomar&quot; that would be better understood?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T15:04:15.837" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T19:34:20.950" Title="Can a person &quot;agarrar&quot; something? / ¿Puede una persona &quot;agarrar&quot; algo?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;selección-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29024" CreationDate="2019-04-01T21:52:02.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming that you heard this from Mexicans because &quot;agarrar&quot; is the correct and standard word in Mexico for &quot;To get&quot; or &quot;to take.&quot;  The reason for that is coger, which is the formal Spanish word from Spain, has a meaning that refers to a sexual encounter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T21:52:02.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29017" CreationDate="2019-04-01T22:16:36.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tras buscar un rato en el CORDE palabras comenzadas por &lt;em&gt;sufic-, sufec-, suffic-, suffec-&lt;/em&gt;, que serían posibles raíces del hipotético verbo castellano correspondiente al latín &lt;em&gt;sufficere&lt;/em&gt;, no encontré nada salvo textos propiamente latinos o bien la palabra &lt;em&gt;suficiente(s)&lt;/em&gt; o su variante ortográfica antigua con &lt;em&gt;-ff-&lt;/em&gt;, además de un par de instancias de &lt;em&gt;sufecto&lt;/em&gt; (del supino &lt;em&gt;suffectus&lt;/em&gt;) con un significado técnico poco claro. De esto deduzco que el verbo en cuestión nunca existió en castellano.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puestos a imaginar, podemos pensar cómo habría evolucionado tal verbo. &lt;em&gt;Sufficere&lt;/em&gt; proviene de &lt;em&gt;sub-&lt;/em&gt; + &lt;em&gt;facere&lt;/em&gt;, con asimilación /b/ &gt; /f/ entre el prefijo y la raíz original y una alternancia /a/ &gt; /i/ sumamente común en latín. De esta raíz alternada &lt;em&gt;fic-&lt;/em&gt; derivan muchos otros verbos latinos y llamativamente ninguno tiene un cognado &quot;directo&quot; en castellano, es decir, en ningún caso tenemos un cambio regular y directo como el de &lt;em&gt;facere&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;hacer&lt;/em&gt;. Generalmente encontramos un cognado del supino, terminado en &lt;em&gt;-fectum&lt;/em&gt;, que en castellano pasa a &lt;em&gt;-fecto&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;afecto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;efecto&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;perfecto&lt;/em&gt;, etc. (de &lt;em&gt;afficere&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;efficere&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;perficere&lt;/em&gt;, respectivamente). Sobre ese descendiente del supino se vuelve a derivar en castellano, como con &lt;em&gt;afectar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;efectuar&lt;/em&gt;. Otras veces en el mismo latín se deriva un sustantivo sobre la misma raíz en &lt;em&gt;-e-&lt;/em&gt; del supino y el castellano deriva un verbo sobre él (&lt;em&gt;perfectiōnis&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;perfección&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;perfeccionar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cōnfectiō&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;confección&lt;/em&gt; &gt; &lt;em&gt;confeccionar&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los cognados modernos con &lt;em&gt;-ct-&lt;/em&gt; son todos cultismos o semicultismos, ya que este grupo de consonantes dio normalmente &lt;em&gt;ch&lt;/em&gt; /tʃ/ en castellano; hay un caso donde además de darse esta evolución regular una /f/ corta intervocálica se sonoriza: &lt;em&gt;prōfectum&lt;/em&gt; (de &lt;em&gt;prōficere&lt;/em&gt;) da &lt;em&gt;provecho&lt;/em&gt; y de ahí deriva &lt;em&gt;aprovechar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo estos modelos, de &lt;em&gt;sufficere&lt;/em&gt; podríamos tener, hipotéticamente, los siguientes cognados en castellano (teniendo en cuenta que la /u/, fuera de los cultismos y de la influencia de la vocal alta /i/, podría o debería dar /o/):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*sufectar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*sufectuar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*sufechar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;*suvechar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*sofechar&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;*sovechar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;*sufeccionar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T22:16:36.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29024" CreationDate="2019-04-01T23:00:56.920" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agarrar&lt;/em&gt; is a perfectly good word for English &quot;take&quot; in the sense of physically getting hold of something or someone (and also, depending on context, also &quot;grab&quot; and &quot;grasp&quot;). There are a few synonyms but this is probably the most common word for that meaning, though &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; is also correct (it also means &quot;beber&quot;, but again context makes it obvious when it doesn't).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agarrar&lt;/em&gt; is etymologically related to &lt;em&gt;garra&lt;/em&gt; &quot;claw&quot;, but its current meaning doesn't have anything to do with claws. You can very well say things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;agarrar con ambas manos&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to take/grab with both hands&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;agarrar del brazo&lt;/em&gt; &quot;to take/grab by the arm&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's another related verb, &lt;em&gt;desgarrar&lt;/em&gt; &quot;tear, rend, rip&quot; where the relation is clearer, but still you can use it without reference to claws.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some regions &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; may be more common than &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt;; in others it's less common. In more formal situations &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt; is actually better. Another difference is that when you motion someone to take something as an offering, a gift, a refreshment, etc., you mostly use &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;, because &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt; is more concrete in the sense of &quot;taking hold&quot; of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coger&lt;/em&gt; refers to having sexual intercourse in some parts of Latin America, notably Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, and it's not as common as &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt; elsewhere in the Americas in any case, so it's best to stick with &lt;em&gt;agarrar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tomar&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T19:34:20.950" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T19:34:20.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29032" CreationDate="2019-04-02T05:36:09.740" Score="7" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit fuzzy on how the &quot;personal a&quot; works in Spanish, for example in this passage from &lt;em&gt;Harry Potter y la Cámara Secreta&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nunca se había sentido tan solo. Antes que ninguna otra cosa de Hogwarts, antes incluso que jugar al quidditch, &lt;strong&gt;lo que&lt;/strong&gt; de verdad echaba de menos era &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; sus mejores amigos, Ron Weasley y Hermione Granger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm new to &lt;code&gt;echar de menos&lt;/code&gt; too, so my understanding is that Harry is the subject of &lt;code&gt;echar&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;lo que&lt;/code&gt; is its direct object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a little surprised you wouldn't use &lt;code&gt;a lo que&lt;/code&gt; here rather than just &lt;code&gt;lo que&lt;/code&gt;, considering the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; that follows. Would &lt;code&gt;a lo que&lt;/code&gt; also be grammatical? What about if you reordered the clauses to &lt;code&gt;A sus mejores amigos, Ron Weasley y Hermione Granger, era (a?) lo que de verdad echaba de menos.&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish&lt;/em&gt; gives a related example: &lt;code&gt;A lo que yo temo es a la maldita casualidad&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:38:56.800" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:40:50.377" Title="Using the &quot;a&quot; preposition with &quot;echar de menos&quot; and a personal object" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;objetos-directos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29023" CreationDate="2019-04-02T06:09:10.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is common in Spanish to invert the order of the words in the sentence when answering to direct questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Quién está conduciendo el autobús?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¡No lo está conduciendo nadie!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Quién va a dar la charla sobre programación?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —La va a dar Juan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Quién manda aquí?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Aquí mando yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, in the question the order is subject-verb-object, but in the answer it is common to reverse it and use an object-verb-subject scheme. This is called &lt;em&gt;sujeto en posición posverbal&lt;/em&gt; (or just &lt;em&gt;sujeto posverbal&lt;/em&gt;) by the RAE, which states that this is a common thing in Spanish. There are a lot of examples of this usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Por qué no viene Carlos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  No conviene que te vean.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Cuanto más se enojaba ella, peor se sentía él.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Spanish language is known to be quite flexible. If the object happens to be more important in the sentence than the subject (which is known as &lt;em&gt;tematización&lt;/em&gt;) you can choose to put it first and hence put the subject after the verb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Muchas de esas historias las han escrito compatriotas vuestros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T06:21:49.440" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T06:21:49.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29030" CreationDate="2019-04-02T06:42:54.157" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that the &quot;related example&quot; may not be as related as you think. In the sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A lo que yo temo es a la maldita casualidad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the object (&quot;casualidad&quot;) is not a person, and even so it carries an &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. What's happening here is that the verb &lt;em&gt;temer&lt;/em&gt;, with the sense of &quot;to fear something&quot; can be used in Spanish both as a transitive or intransitive verb. In the latter case, you will always need the &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; preposition. You can tell if the verb is being used as transitive or intransitive by the use of &lt;em&gt;la/le/lo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Temer(le) a los gatos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Temer(le) a la oscuridad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Temer(le) a la casualidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Temer a los gatos &gt; Temerlos.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Temer la oscuridad &gt; Temerla.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Temer la casualidad &gt; Temerla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Harry Potter&lt;/em&gt; example, nonetheless, is different. The verbal locution &lt;em&gt;echar de menos&lt;/em&gt; always acts as a transitive verb. So in this case you will need the personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Echo de menos a mi gato.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Echo de menos la oscuridad.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Echo de menos estar con mis amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then, what happens with the &lt;em&gt;Harry Potter&lt;/em&gt; example? Isn't it talking about his friends? Yes, but (as I hinted in a previous example) it happens that when the object is substituted with &lt;em&gt;la&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, you don't need the preposition any more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿Echas de menos a tus amigos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, los echo de menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as the sentence starts with a &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt;, the preposition is not needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lo que de verdad echaba de menos era a sus mejores amigos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, note that if you make &lt;em&gt;sus mejores amigos&lt;/em&gt; the subject of the sentence, you don't need the preposition either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sus mejores amigos eran lo que de verdad echaba de menos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2020-01-14T20:40:50.377" LastActivityDate="2020-01-14T20:40:50.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-02T10:08:51.227" Score="4" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;La voz &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=H3QU4GM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;etcétera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y su abreviación &lt;em&gt;etc.&lt;/em&gt; provienen, según el diccionario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;et cetĕra&lt;/em&gt; 'y lo demás'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, este latinismo se usaba separado allá por el siglo XIV:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interrogados del X.º articulo, si algunos heredan non deuidament heredades o muebles de los muertos, non seyendo parientes, et cetera. Dizen que non herid y a ninguno en la dicta villa qui herede en tal manera.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Libro de monedaje de Tudela&quot;, 1353 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso también con la &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; adaptada al castellano y con tilde en &lt;em&gt;cétera&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E mandamos que los cavalleros que tovieren las maiores casas pobladas con mugeres e con fijos, e los que no tovieren mugeres con la compaña que ovieren, desde ocho días antes de Navidad fasta ocho días después de Cincuesma, e tovieren cavallos e armas, el cavallo de treinta maravedís arriba, e escudo e lanza e loriga e brafineras e perpunte e capiello de fierro e espada, que no peche, e cétera&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;El consejo real sentencia a favor de los pecheros abulenses&quot;, 1389 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el siglo XVI incluso se encuentran algunos textos con &quot;y cétera&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y que por quanto las denominaciones de las dignidades van continuadas en proporción arithmética 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, y cétera [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pedro Núñez, &quot;Libro de Álgebra en Aritmética y Geometría&quot;, 1567 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la forma que ha prevalecido es la que une ambas palabras en una sola, manteniendo el &lt;em&gt;et&lt;/em&gt; del latín original. ¿Qué fue lo que ocasionó esta unión? ¿Cuándo tuvo lugar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-10-29T14:48:31.013" Title="¿Por qué escribimos &quot;etcétera&quot; junto?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;latín&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29036" CreationDate="2019-04-02T11:55:23.530" Score="3" ViewCount="9389" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo he escuchado la expresión &lt;em&gt;tomarse algo a pecho&lt;/em&gt; en el sentido de ofenderse por algo o tomarse algo personalmente. Tiene una entrada en el DLE e incluso algunas variaciones que no conocía. ¿Por qué &lt;em&gt;tomarse algo a pecho&lt;/em&gt; se relaciona con ofenderse en exceso por algo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SGn4UWw%7CSGnBUDZ%7CSGoYqxA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tomar&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;tomarse&lt;/strong&gt;, alguien &lt;strong&gt;a pecho&lt;/strong&gt;, o &lt;strong&gt;a pechos&lt;/strong&gt;, algo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;locs. verbs.&lt;/em&gt; Mostrar mucho interés y empeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;locs. verbs.&lt;/em&gt; Ofenderse excesivamente por ello.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T12:38:19.047" Title="¿Cuál es el origen/explicación de la expresión &quot;Tomarse algo a pecho&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;&lt;cuerpo-humano&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29034" CreationDate="2019-04-02T12:26:27.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creo que se usa &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt; aquí como una metáfora para &lt;em&gt;corazón&lt;/em&gt;, como en el inglés &quot;to take to heart&quot; o el francés &quot;prendre à cœur&quot;, que llevan los mismos significados.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T12:26:27.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29034" CreationDate="2019-04-02T12:30:49.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;El origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;tomarse algo a pecho&lt;/em&gt; es antiguo, y viene dado por los significados metafóricos de &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt;. Según el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; (1737), entre dichos significados ya estaban los de &quot;el interior del hombre&quot; (moralmente hablando), y también &quot;valor, esfuerzo, fortaleza y constancia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si nos vamos más atrás, el &lt;em&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/em&gt; (1611) nos dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El hombre tiene el pecho estendido mas que ningun otro animal, y los que le tienen angosto son de poco animo, y de pocas cosas se congoxan, y de alli nacen las maneras de hablar. Hombre de pecho, el valeroso. Hombre de poco pecho, el timido. [...] Tomar â pechos una cosa, procurarla con veras. Buen pecho, bien intencionado. Mal pecho, mal intencionado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho se dice &lt;em&gt;pecho&lt;/em&gt; a &quot;cierto tributo que se da al Rey&quot;, y &lt;em&gt;pechar&lt;/em&gt; el que paga dicho tributo. Pero esto es otra historia. Volviendo al tema, si tienes buen pecho es que aúnas valor, esfuerzo y demás, de donde se saca el primer significado de &quot;tomarse algo a pecho&quot; como &quot;mostrar mucho interes y empeño&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resulta curioso el matiz que introdujeron en la definición de 1803 como &quot;tomar alguna cosa con demasiada eficacia y empeño&quot;. Más adelante se añadió el matiz de &quot;hacer de algo un gran asunto&quot;. Y solo en ediciones muy recientes se añade el sentido de ofenderse por algo. Posiblemente se añadiera como consecuencia del uso de la frase tras decirle a alguien que no es capaz de hacer algo y este ponerse a hacerlo como si no hubiera un mañana: se ha tomado a pecho algo como consecuencia de haberse ofendido por las palabras de desánimo de otro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los primeros usos escritos de la expresión datan de principios del siglo XVI, como este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y con todo esto fue, Señor, tanta tu nobleza, que quasi te olvidaste de los peligros y no veniste como rogado a nos socorrer, sino rogándonos que consintamos ser de ti socorridos, tomando la cosa tan a pechos y tan por tuyo nuestro negocio como si todo tu estado te fuera en ello.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Osuna, &quot;Primera parte del Abecedario espiritual&quot;, 1528 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T12:38:19.047" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T12:38:19.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17074" CreationDate="2019-04-02T13:37:27.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estimated reading time: 15 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No TL;DR, but my short answer to your question is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Yes (the translation of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot;), and often, and in many different places, but not yet officially sanctioned.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What led me to this post&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though a few answers have been provided and the green check mark awarded, I'm going to add another answer because I think I have some additional details that may be useful to those who happen to stumble upon this thread ... especially those whose Spanish may not be that good and who don't have an easy way to translate some of the other answers into English.  Please note, however, that this will not be a rehash in English of what others have written in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be perfectly honest, I never really thought much about this word &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;bizarro&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; until I came across this Facebook post here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/6H9xuRG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;From the Facebook page &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/GramaticaReal/posts/1213330222177230&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gramática Real&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;  Posted April 1, 2019, 7:36 p.m.  Retrieved April 1, 2019, o/a 9:30 p.m.  FTR, &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; can mean, according to no less an authority than the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;lucido&lt;/strong&gt;,&amp;quot; which means &amp;quot;splendid&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;magnificent.&amp;quot;  It does not mean &amp;quot;lucid.&amp;quot;  The word &amp;quot;lucid&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;lúcido&amp;quot; in Spanish.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ordinarily, I might have just quickly read it and continued scrolling, but the addition of &amp;quot;serious mistake&amp;quot; compelled me to take a closer look at this word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Frequency&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're a beginning student of Spanish, I should let you know up front that &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is not likely to come up very frequently in the Spanish literature you may or may not be reading yet.  According to one frequency list, &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is ranked #22334.&lt;/strong&gt;  You're more likely to encounter &amp;quot;malvaviscos&amp;quot; (marshmallows), &amp;quot;acordeón&amp;quot; (accordion), and &amp;quot;oruga&amp;quot; (caterpillar) than you are &amp;quot;bizarro.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All discussion of what the real meaning of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is aside, if you're looking for a way to translate &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; into Spanish, you'll find many better options, some of which can be seen in the Google Ngram below.  These include (in order of semantic proximity according to synonyms listed &lt;a href=&quot;https://synonyms.reverso.net/synonym/es/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;raro, extraño, peculiar, estrafalario, inusual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.  If you want to link directly to the Google Ngram itself, click &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=bizarro%2Craro%2Cextra%C3%B1o%2Cpeculiar%2Cestrafalario%2Cinusual&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=0&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cbizarro%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Craro%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cextra%C3%B1o%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cpeculiar%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cestrafalario%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cinusual%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/4i5t6Wu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is posed in a way that leaves room open for answering from a historical perspective, but Charlie (who has also provided an answer in this thread) succinctly, yet thoroughly answers from more of a historic perspective in this answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/28504/why-bizarre-english-and-bizarro-spanish-have-different-meanings/28515#28515&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  So, I will try to limit my answer to much more modern usage — the last 40 years or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;CREA Findings&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the first things I did to try to answer your question (after taking a look at the Google Ngram), was search the &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_de_Referencia_del_Espa%C3%B1ol_Actual&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual (CREA)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To attempt to prove that a word is never used in a certain way is akin to attempting to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proving_a_negative&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prove a negative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, so I don't know, at this point, if I'll be able to say, by the end of this answer, that &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is never used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;  My hunch, initially, was that it would be highly unlikely and that if you did see it used in that way, you just might want to consider the quality or origin of the source.  For starters, was it written by a native speaker of Spanish?  Is it a translation?  Is the publication a reputable one?  Although the answers to those questions may factor in to why you might see &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre,&amp;quot; I don't know that they fully explain all instances you may see of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; when clearly the meaning is &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;  But I'll get to those examples in a bit.  For now, let me first show you a couple of &lt;strong&gt;examples of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; that CREA led me to.&lt;/strong&gt;  Where possible, I will try to find the full version of the source.  Here's the first example I've selected for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y siendo ya un adulto Hera lo reconoce y enloquece, a consecuencia de lo cual empieza un largo peregrinar acompañado de su tutor, Sileno, y de Sátiros y Ménades. Es entonces cuando empieza a constituir su &lt;strong&gt;bizarro&lt;/strong&gt; ejército, el cual dirige armado de un tirso cubierto de yedra y con una piña de pino en la punta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ufg.edu.sv/ufg/theorethikos/Enero02/detener_la_guerra.html#1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Detener la guerra&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Theorethikos&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;And being an adult Hera recognizes him and goes mad, the result of which begins a long pilgrimage accompanied by his tutor, Silenus, and Satyrs and Maenads. It is then when he begins to form his &lt;strong&gt;gallant&lt;/strong&gt; army, which he leads armed with a sceptre covered with ivy and tipped with a pine cone.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All translations from Spanish into English were made by me, the author of this answer, with a little help from the translator embedded in Google Chrome.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al mismo tiempo la película mantiene ese estilo morboso, crudo y repugnante (en cuanto a los materiales que se usan en la historia) característico de Cronenberg, que hace que la realidad se vea cada vez más borrosa (¿será toda la película un gran juego &lt;strong&gt;bizarro&lt;/strong&gt; o se trata de una realidad bizarra?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Film [on line], 06-07/2003 : El elefante y la bicicleta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Citation format is direct copy from CREA, which indicates this publication is Argentinian.  Excerpt actually appears to be a film review of the film &lt;em&gt;Existenz&lt;/em&gt;.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;At the same time, the film maintains that morbid, raw, and repugnant style (in terms of the materials used in the story) characteristic of Cronenberg, which makes reality look more and more blurred (will the whole movie be a big &lt;strong&gt;bizarre&lt;/strong&gt; game or is it a bizarre reality?).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In the first example, clearly, the meaning of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is not &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot;; in the second, it is.&lt;/strong&gt;  But bear in mind the fact that the second example is from an Argentinian publication.  [Please read  rsanchez's answer and you'll see that this example supports what s/he has written.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the examples provided by CREA, I couldn't always determine whether or not a simple &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; was the best translation.  In at least a couple of situations, &amp;quot;gallant&amp;quot; might have been a better translation than &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;extravagant&amp;quot; a better translation than &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;  That said, what I could more or less definitively translate can be seen in the chart below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/FBK59aS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;If any of you saw the previous table, you will see that the table now has a lot more examples.  And, in fact, the previous table made it look as if &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; more often meant &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;brave.&amp;quot;  A more thorough look reveals that this isn't necessarily true (at least not in the examples provided by CREA).  Still, a significant number of examples do show that &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; has been used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; and at least as far back as 1981.  Furthermore, if you take a look at just those examples from the year 2000 and beyond, less than a fifth are examples of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; but more than half are examples of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Beyond CREA&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I noticed early on that I was having difficulty finding examples of “bizarro” used as “brave” outside of CREA.  At first I thought I just wasn’t looking closely enough and was going to leave it at that, but curiosity got the better of me and I decided to take a closer look. The chart below is a synthesis of what I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/GtDQHgq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, I found it very difficult to find examples where “bizarro” was used to mean “brave.”  On occasion, I encountered an article that made me think the translation could go either way … for example is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/andrew-zimmern-un-hombre-bizarro/375785-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a chef with an adventurous appetite for disgusting food&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &amp;quot;bizarre,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; or maybe both all at once?  I also realized, after seeing this article &lt;a href=&quot;https://tn.com.ar/musica/clips/el-bizarro-coro-militar-ruso-que-hace-covers-de-canciones-en-ingles_418326&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, that I couldn’t always assume that “bizarre” always meant “brave” when referring to something related to the military.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another answer in this thread lists some &lt;strong&gt;examples from headlines&lt;/strong&gt;, so I won’t clutter up this thread with the list I started to collect as I began studying this word “bizarro” more thoroughly, but, if you’d like, you can view it &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/9F7jiEG.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  It isn’t a complete list.  In other words, it doesn’t contain everything I looked at to produce the chart above, but it contains the type of example (e.g., headline or book*), name of the newspaper or title of the book, country, year, and meaning.  If you take a look at it, you’ll see that it was much more common to find “bizarre” used as “brave” in books, but, even so, those examples I found typically reference texts or events in history that go back decades if not centuries ago.  Now that I think about it, I don’t think I found even one example where “bizarre” was used as “brave” to refer to something current.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;*Initially I was going to do a similar chart for books, but the data set that was returned was so small, it seemed ridiculous to include it.  Later, I did wind up making a couple of charts for what I found in books, but please read the notes at the bottom of these charts if you do.  Truth be told, I have a feeling that there exists more publications with &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; in them than what Google's Ngram and Google's Book search returned for me, but I don't know that the results would be all that different.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To sum them up, &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; is found in more recent publications; &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; is found in older ones.  As for popular culture, more recent publications make reference to the supervillian known as &amp;quot;Bizarro&amp;quot; but, rather bizarrely, none make reference to the band &amp;quot;Triángulo de Amor Bizarro,&amp;quot; despite its prominence in news headlines during the last couple of decades.  (If it's true that no books have been written about this band, what a missed marketing opportunity!)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Like I mentioned, the data sets are small for these charts, but if you want to take a look at them, you can find the one created from Google Ngram results &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/dSabV5r.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, and the one from a Google Books search &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/xEoedA0.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  Keep in mind that I was restricted to those books that either via preview or snippet allowed me to see &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; in context.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for location, it runs the gamut, but Spain seems to dominate, followed by Argentina and Mexico.  A lot of headlines referred to the Galician band Triángulo de Amor Bizarro and because of that, Spain comes up quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This examination of the headlines of online news articles (and books) clearly indicates that &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is being used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  In fact, you’re far more likely to find examples where &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; than examples where &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;gallant,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;generous.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At any rate, all of this certainly supports what was written in the Facebook post I came across, which claimed (right or wrong) that “bizarro” is more often used to mean “bizarre” than “brave.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Collocations&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To continue showing examples of how &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is used to mean &amp;quot;bizarre,&amp;quot; take a look at the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; I found for &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cine bizarro&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;mundo bizarro&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;bizarro versión&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;comportamiento bizarro&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;humor bizarro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it difficult to believe that &amp;quot;gallant,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;generous&amp;quot; are meant in any of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguatools.de/kollokationen-es/bolls/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;amp;query=bizarro&amp;amp;commit=Search+Collocations%21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the above collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What does the Academy say?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those of you who don't know, it is no easy task to maintain standards and consistency in a language that is spoken in at least 20 different countries.  That the Spanish spoken in Mexico is the same Spanish that can be understood by those who live in Spain is no accident.  It is through the concerted efforts of institutions such as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royal Spanish Academy [Real Academia Española (RAE)]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that standards of the language are maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the ways in which this is accomplished is via judicious administration of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  Words and meanings added to this dictionary are not added on a whim.  Decisions on what should be added and what should be removed are not made lightly.  However, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.revistaarcadia.com/periodismo-cultural-revista-arcadia/ideas/articulo/palabras-mal-usadas-del-idioma-espanol/22970&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;at least as far back as 2010&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, this disconnect between the world’s most preeminent Spanish dictionary and actual usage has been noted.  Despite any attempts to add &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; to the meaning of &amp;quot;bizarro,&amp;quot; the &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt; entry still looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/JqYf1iT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;despite headlines like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2016/11/10/articulo/1478780253_802615.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Por fin puedes usar 'bizarro' para decir &amp;quot;raro&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but perhaps it is just a matter of time before we see it added to the &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Online Dictionaries&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the meantime, you can find &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; translated as &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; in online dictionaries such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://termbank.com/en/spanish-english/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tureng&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bizarro#Spanish&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wiktionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.pons.com/translate?q=bizarro&amp;amp;l=enes&amp;amp;in=&amp;amp;lf=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but both Tureng and Wiktionary seem to think that only certain Spanish speakers are using it to mean this, namely those Spanish speakers in Argentina, Chile, as well as Puerto Rico (if you extend the meaning to &amp;quot;weird&amp;quot;).  It appears that &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/spanish-english/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WordReference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; may be holding out until the RAE makes the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oddly enough, a search of &lt;a href=&quot;https://context.reverso.net/translation/spanish-english/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; via Reverso's context dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; doesn't even list &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; or any of the other definitions, but, and I suppose this is a bit &lt;em&gt;bizarre&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dictionary.reverso.net/spanish-english/bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;its dictionary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (technically Collins), &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; list &amp;quot;gallant&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; as primary meanings and &amp;quot;generous&amp;quot; as a secondary meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Commentary on “bizarro” as “bizarre”: Advising against it, acknowledging it, accepting it&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your situational awareness, it appears that as late as 2005, reputable publications such as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_panhisp%C3%A1nico_de_dudas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario panhispánico de dudas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (and more recently &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/F7Xkgus.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;others&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) were advising against the use of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as a word for conveying &amp;quot;extraño&amp;quot; (strange) or &amp;quot;extravagante&amp;quot; (extravagant), which is what the word &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; can mean in both French and English.  You can read more along these lines &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  In it, you will find that one contributor has written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... puede llegar un momento en que [el uso de &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; como &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot;] sea general y se vean obligadas a aceptarlo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something veteran journalist (and professor) Graciela Melgarejo of &lt;em&gt;La Nación&lt;/em&gt; echoes with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el tiempo transcurrido y la presencia cada vez más frecuente, hasta en diccionarios, esta acepción &amp;quot;extraña&amp;quot; de bizarro se va imponiendo a la de &amp;quot;Mi Bandera&amp;quot;. Habrá que seguir el proceso de legitimización, si es que llega.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— “&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/entre-bazares-y-vasares-una-actitud-ejemplar-nid1670712&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entre bazares y vasares, una actitud ejemplar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;”, &lt;em&gt;La Nación&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in more recent times, oh, say, the last five years or so, reputable publications have been brave enough to flat out go against the grain of convention and explicitly state that &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; has two meanings.  In addition to the article I already provided a link to — Por fin puedes usar 'bizarro' para decir &amp;quot;raro&amp;quot; — you'll find these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra bizarro tiene dos acepciones. Una ... se refiere a una persona extraña, peculiar o extravagante. Otra ... quiere decir valiente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/opinion/raymundo-riva-palacio/el-mundo-bizarro-de-andres-manuel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El mundo bizarro de Andrés Manuel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, &lt;em&gt;El Financiero&lt;/em&gt; (2019)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... el uso de &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; con equivalencia a &amp;quot;valiente&amp;quot; o &amp;quot;gallardo&amp;quot; ya prácticamente nadie lo usa ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=4H1TDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT105&amp;amp;dq=%22bizarro%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjpm6Wh7bnhAhWrVN8KHS13AfU4ChDoAQg4MAI#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22bizarro%22%20con%20equivalencia%20a&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;57. bizarro: ¿extraño?, ¿extravagante?, ¿gallardo?, ¿ridículo?, ¿valiente?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Las malas lenguas: Barbarismos, desbarres, palabros, redundancias, sinsentidos y demás barrabasadas&lt;/em&gt;, by &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Domingo_Arg%C3%BCelles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juan Domingo Argüelles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (2018)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque parezca difícil de creer, la palabra &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; no significa &amp;quot;raro&amp;quot;, sino que funciona como un sinónimo de &amp;quot;valiente&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;iracundo&amp;quot; o incluso &amp;quot;espléndido&amp;quot;.  Sin embargo, la Fundación de Español Urgente (Fundéu), organización que se encarga de velar por el correcto uso del idioma español, ha habilitado finalmente su uso para este propósito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/ahora-la-palabra-bizarro-se-puede-utilizar-para-decir-raro--2016111411300&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahora la palabra 'bizarro' se puede utilizar para decir 'raro'&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;El Observador&lt;/em&gt; (2016)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others don't refer to its meaning as &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; at all because, I'm assuming, in certain fields, its meaning as &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; simply has no place contextually.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BIZARRO.&lt;/strong&gt;  Adjetivo formado del español &lt;em&gt;bizarro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bravo&lt;/em&gt;, con influencia semántica del francés &lt;em&gt;bigazarré&lt;/em&gt;, abigarrado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=Z9rH7cPw-yoC&amp;amp;pg=PA197&amp;amp;dq=%22bizarro%22&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjzhfC_1bnhAhURnOAKHVnMAIEQ6AEIODAC#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22bizarro%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bizarro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;.  &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Akal de Estética&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The work briefly cited above was actually written by Étienne Souriau, a French philosopher best known for his work in aesthetics.  I suppose this may have also contributed to the absence of any mention of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; but the Spanish version of this book was published in 1998 by &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediciones_Akal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ediciones Akal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a Spanish publisher based in Madrid.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Popular Culture&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to all of that, there exists some prominent uses of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; in popular culture.  Besides the nefarious character of DC Comics fame known as &amp;quot;Bizarro,&amp;quot; there is also the Galician band &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A1ngulo_de_Amor_Bizarro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Triángulo de Amor Bizarro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; and a Six Flags roller coaster called &amp;quot;Bizarro.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two definitely carry with them the meaning of &amp;quot;bizarre.&amp;quot;  (In fact, the band &amp;quot;Triángulo de Amor Bizarro&amp;quot; took its name from a song by the British rock band New Order — &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uEBuqkkQRk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bizarre Love Triangle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;)  The theme of the roller coaster is that of the DC Comics supervillain, but I suppose one could make a case that you need to be &amp;quot;brave&amp;quot; to ride it, something of a moot point since you aren't likely to find a Six Flags in any Spanish-speaking country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizarro_fiction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“bizarro” is also a genre of fiction writing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, as well as a genre of film, the type that is described by some as “&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-erroneo-uso-que-se-hace-en-castellano-del-termino-bizarro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;un subgénero cinematográfico de películas surrealistas, de terror e incluso …&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, clearly, there are a multitude of ways in which “bizarro” as a word used to reference the “bizarre” may be creeping into and out of the Spanish language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, I thought that the use of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;extravagant&amp;quot; rather than &amp;quot;brave,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;generous,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;splendid,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;magnificent,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;lavish,&amp;quot; could be as high as 3:1 and that may have been true at one point in time, but when I took the time to dig a little deeper, it clearly does not seem to be the case now.  (In other words, the ratio seems to be much higher.)  In fact, you’ll have a hard time finding examples where “bizarro” is used to mean “brave” or any of the other definitions listed in the &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt;.  Furthermore, this use appears to be present from Mexico to Argentina and a lot of countries in between (not to mention Spain itself).  Consequently, and with no disrespect to the Royal Spanish Academy and its decision-making process, I think the time for adding &amp;quot;bizarre&amp;quot; as a meaning of &amp;quot;bizarro&amp;quot; is long overdue and its absence is something that many, quite frankly, find bizarre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Correction: Thanks to fedorqui, I now know that the Spanish dictionary produced, edited, and published by the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) is now referred to as the&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;or the&lt;/em&gt; DLE.  &lt;em&gt;Up until the 23rd edition of this dictionary, which was published in 2014, it was called the&lt;/em&gt; Diccionario de la Real Academia Española &lt;em&gt;or the&lt;/em&gt; DRAE.  &lt;em&gt;A lot of people, Spanish natives and nonnatives alike, may not know this, so you may still see references to the&lt;/em&gt; DRAE, &lt;em&gt;but whether you see&lt;/em&gt; DRAE &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; DLE, &lt;em&gt;know that both are referring to the dictionary governed by the RAE.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T00:45:51.337" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29023" CreationDate="2019-04-02T15:25:06.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/29031/14627&quot;&gt;Charlie notes in his answer&lt;/a&gt;, Spanish syntax is rather flexible and the habitual subject-verb-object order can almost always be changed. Sometimes the change has no real meaning; other times it has to do with what Charlie names &lt;em&gt;tematización&lt;/em&gt;, which is known in English as &lt;strong&gt;topic fronting&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. the movement of the topic or theme to the beginning of the sentence. The topic or theme is the thing being talked about and tends to be old information (in which case it can be deleted) or else it appears at the front of the sentence to establish a new context. (That's incidentally why &lt;em&gt;aquí&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;«Aquí mando yo»&lt;/em&gt; is placed at the start of the sentence.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens with &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;«Aquí mando yo»&lt;/em&gt; is a complementary phenomenon; the &lt;strong&gt;focus&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;comment&lt;/strong&gt; (the new information that you introduce about the topic) tends to go at the end of the sentence and also to receive some special stress. The emphasis on this specific sentence is obviously on the subject, &lt;em&gt;yo&lt;/em&gt;, so that goes last. An additional effect of placing this focus at the end of the sentence is to make it contrastive: when you say &lt;em&gt;«Aquí mando yo»&lt;/em&gt; you are forcefully excluding other hypothetical agents. Indeed, that's why you are using the pronoun, even though the conjugated verb &lt;em&gt;mando&lt;/em&gt; would be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other sentences showing this movement-with-emphasis of the focus could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;En la fiesta me saludó tu hermano.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;La organizó Paula.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lo que sé me lo contó él.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T15:25:06.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28972" CreationDate="2019-04-02T21:43:59.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yo creo que, como en otras ocasiones, no se debe buscar una traducción literal, sino más bien algo que tenga sentido dependiendo de la idea que se quiere expresar; y tomando como referencia la definición que @Charlie nos brinda: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... vídeos manipulados extremadamente realistas, ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo propondría: &lt;strong&gt;ultrarealista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T21:43:59.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21214" CreationDate="2019-04-03T00:37:18.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Por si alguien viene a parar aquí yo dejo la traducción más aproximada que se me ocurrió cuando vi esta expresión en un videojuego que estaba traduciendo.&#xA;&quot;Jodido pero contento&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21523" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T00:37:18.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29042" CreationDate="2019-04-03T06:26:04.900" Score="4" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;El otro día usaron en una película el término &lt;em&gt;gentrificación&lt;/em&gt;. No recuerdo la frase exacta pero era algo así como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo pensaba que este barrio ya habría empezado un proceso de gentrificación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No era la primera vez que oía esa palabra, pero fui incapaz de inferir su significado por el contexto, aunque entiendo que es un neologismo adaptado del inglés &lt;em&gt;gentrification&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, ¿qué es exactamente una &lt;em&gt;gentrificación&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Existe alguna alternativa a la adaptación tal cual de la voz inglesa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T08:05:51.877" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T08:05:51.877" Title="¿Qué significa &quot;gentrificación&quot;?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29041" CreationDate="2019-04-03T06:26:04.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;gentrificación&lt;/em&gt; no está recogida en el DLE, pero se puede leer su significado en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentrificaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El término &lt;strong&gt;gentrificación&lt;/strong&gt; (proveniente del inglés &lt;em&gt;gentry&lt;/em&gt;, «baja nobleza») se refiere al proceso de transformación de un espacio urbano deteriorado —o en declive— a partir de la preconstrucción —o rehabilitación edificatoria con mayores alturas que las existentes— que provoca un aumento de los alquileres o del coste habitacional en estos espacios. Esto induce a que los residentes tradicionales abandonen el barrio —y se afinquen en espacios más periféricos—, lo que produce que este «nuevo» espacio termine por ser ocupado por clases sociales con mayor capacidad económica que les permita afrontar estos nuevos costes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más escueta pero muy similar es la definición dada por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/gentrificacion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Fundéu&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Gentrificación&lt;/em&gt; es una adaptación adecuada al español del término inglés &lt;em&gt;gentrification&lt;/em&gt;, con el que se alude al proceso mediante el cual la población original de un sector o barrio, generalmente céntrico y popular, es progresivamente desplazada por otra de un nivel adquisitivo mayor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La Wikipedia aclara que &lt;em&gt;gentry&lt;/em&gt; es &quot;una clase social histórica inglesa de composición mixta entre la baja y media nobleza que viene a ser equivalente a la hidalguía española, y los propietarios de tierra plebeyos&quot;. Según Fundéu sería traducible como &quot;alta burguesía, pequeña aristocracia, familia bien o gente de bien&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existen algunas alternativas posibles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De las alternativas propuestas hasta ahora en español, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;elitización&lt;/em&gt; o, más precisamente, &lt;em&gt;elitización residencial&lt;/em&gt; es la que más se ajusta al sentido del término original&lt;/strong&gt;, frente a &lt;em&gt;aburguesamiento&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;recualificación social&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;aristocratización&lt;/em&gt;, que no recogen los matices de este proceso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la propia Fundéu dice que es un &quot;neologismo válido&quot; en español. A pesar de que el término original inglés data de 1964, en español los primeros casos parecen ocurrir en estudios de geografía y urbanismo hacia finales de la década de 1970 según Ngram, y en prensa hacia finales de la década de 1980 según la hemeroteca de la BNE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resultan curiosas las definiciones de esos tratados de los 70 y principios de los 80:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ocupación de las viviendas mejoradas por clases más ricas.&quot; (1979)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Reinvasión del centro por clases acomodadas.&quot; (1981)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como ejemplo de gentrificación se suele hablar del barrio de Chueca, en Madrid, como en este ejemplo de prensa que da la Fundéu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;«Chueca es un ejemplo clásico de gentrificación: el barrio se ‘limpió’ en todos los sentidos, el tejido social cambió y se revalorizó el suelo.»&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T06:26:04.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-03T08:01:49.307" Score="8" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nos descubre @blonfu en &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/49764043#49764043&quot;&gt;el chat&lt;/a&gt; la voz &lt;em&gt;realpolitik&lt;/em&gt;, recogida en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VHa297j&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;realpolitik&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del al. &lt;em&gt;Realpolitik&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Política basada en criterios pragmáticos, al margen de ideologías.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lo que me sorprende de esta palabra es que está recogida como una voz ya adaptada al español, dado que la entrada no está en cursiva como otros extranjerismos crudos. Por tanto, entiendo que se debe pronunciar tal y como se escribe, y que por tanto es aguda (&quot;realpolitík&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Es así? Cuando la he leído, al ver que era un extranjerismo he pronunciado la parte de &quot;real&quot; como si fuera en inglés, y la parte de &quot;politik&quot; como si fuera llana, a pesar de no llevar tilde. ¿Cómo se debe pronunciar esta palabra? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T08:53:42.787" Title="¿Cómo se pronuncia &quot;realpolitik&quot; en español?" Tags="&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29043" CreationDate="2019-04-03T08:22:18.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;strong&gt;realpolitik&lt;/strong&gt;, tal como se puede ver en el extracto del DLE que has puesto, proviene del alemán, no del inglés.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Por suerte, la pronunciación del alemán es bastante parecida a la del español*, y por tanto la palabra &lt;strong&gt;se pronuncia como se escribe: &lt;code&gt;/realpolitík/&lt;/code&gt;, con acento en la última sílaba&lt;/strong&gt; (aunque no es infrecuente escucharla pronunciada como si fuera llana, aplicando a &quot;-politik&quot; el mismo acento que a &quot;política&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entiendo, además, que por ese motivo se ha podido incorporar como extranjerismo adaptado sin cambiar la grafía de la misma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;* Las vocales A, E, I, O, U y las consonantes F, K, L, M, N, P, T se pronuncian igual. La R es más gutural en el norte, pero en el sur (Baviera, Austria) es más parecida a la nuestra. Hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gramatica-alemana.es/curso-aleman/leccion1-pronunciacion/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;algunas diferencias&lt;/a&gt; más, claro, pero ninguna de ellas aplica a la palabra en cuestión.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T08:53:42.787" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T08:53:42.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29046" CreationDate="2019-04-03T09:49:19.487" Score="4" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;En una respuesta al hilo de Meta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/3049&quot;&gt;Y t&amp;#250; &amp;#191;por qu&amp;#233; no participas en Meta?&lt;/a&gt;, me encuentro con el siguiente texto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] como en las preguntas sobre los repasos anuales del sitio, que cuando las veo siento un poco de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dejabugo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; porque cada año me parecen igual [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He buscado la palabra en el DLE, pero no aparece. ¿Qué quiere decir &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;dejabugo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Dónde se usa, cuál es su etimología y origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T07:19:52.617" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T07:19:52.617" Title="¿Qué quiere decir (y de dónde viene) &quot;dejabugo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;neologismos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29045" CreationDate="2019-04-03T10:01:16.347" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Vale, acabas de sacarme una sonrisa porque la palabra &lt;em&gt;dejabugo&lt;/em&gt;... me la inventé yo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es simplemente la expresión francesa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;déjà vu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;ya visto&quot;), que se usa cuando una experiencia que en teoría es nueva nos produce una sensación de haberla vivido ya antes. Un día se me ocurrió pronunciarla como si fuera española (&quot;dejabu&quot;), y de ahí pasó a &quot;dejabugo&quot; por influencia del pueblo de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabugo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jabugo&lt;/a&gt;, no demasiado lejos de donde yo vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suelo usarla en conversaciones con la gente que me conoce porque me parece divertida, lamento si al haberla usado en una respuesta os haya podido causar un poco de confusión. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso sí, ahora que la conocéis pues difundidla por ahí, a ver si se hace viral y consigo meter una invención mía en el DLE algún día. :-D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T10:03:17.077" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T10:03:17.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29048" CreationDate="2019-04-03T15:04:59.413" Score="5" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;In English there are a variety of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minced_oath&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;minced oaths&lt;/a&gt;, e.g. &lt;em&gt;oh my gosh&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;oh my God&quot;), &lt;em&gt;darn&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;damn&quot;), &lt;em&gt;heck&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;hell&quot;) etc. Similarly in Catalan one often hears &lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/ostres&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ostres&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (esp. &lt;em&gt;ostras&lt;/em&gt;) in place of &quot;hòstia&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any examples of this in Spanish? The only one that comes to mind is the very Alatriste-ish &lt;a href=&quot;http://spanishskulduggery.tumblr.com/post/175642903967/more-of-an-english-ask-but-ive-noticed-that-in&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;pardiez&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for &quot;por Diós&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-04T17:11:23.037" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T17:11:23.037" Title="Minced oaths in Spanish" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vulgaridades&gt;&lt;interjecciones&gt;&lt;eufemismos&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29047" CreationDate="2019-04-03T15:31:39.423" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, ocurre en español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tienes por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gilipichis, gilitonto y similares por &quot;gilipollas&quot;, que sería uno de los ejemplos más claros.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MVzRpRb%7CMW6Wl04&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jolín&lt;/a&gt;/Jolines por &quot;joder&quot;. Se ve también con interjecciones como &quot;¡Jopé!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incluso &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JArwtYC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gibar&lt;/a&gt;, en su segunda acepción (Fastidiar, molestar, vejar.) podría entenderse por su sonoridad como una versión suavizada de &quot;joder&quot; (&quot;hay que gibarse&quot; vs. &quot;hay que joderse&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La interjección &quot;¡Mecachis…!&quot; deriva del &quot;me cago en ...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La expresión &quot;ajo y agua&quot; es una suerte de eufemismo para &quot;ajo(derse) y agua(ntarse)&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Córcholis&quot; o incluso &quot;concho&quot; (también &quot;recórcholis&quot;) es la versión suavizada de &quot;coño&quot; usado como interjección.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La interjección &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=DfOK59R&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;diantre(s)&lt;/a&gt;&quot; es, como indica la RAE, un eufemismo coloquial para el más grosero &quot;diablos&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La RAE también incluye &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=7RRDeQU%7C7RRgw5M&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;caray&lt;/a&gt;&quot; como un eufemismo coloquial. Entiendo que este viene de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=7PHLd6o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;carajo&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, aunque esta palabra en principio no es tan malsonate como otras de las incluidas en esta respuesta.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-03T15:44:32.053" LastActivityDate="2019-04-03T15:44:32.053" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28799" CreationDate="2019-04-03T19:18:12.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is another example, one of my favorite children's poems, &lt;em&gt;Canción de los Constructores&lt;/em&gt;, by David Chericián, published in &lt;em&gt;Urí urí urí. Palabras para jugar.&lt;/em&gt; México, SEP, 1994.  I found a fragment &lt;a href=&quot;http://rincondelecturas.com/tema/coplas-rondas-cantos-canciones/page/3/Canci%C3%B3n%20de%20los%20constructoresDavid%20Cherici%C3%A1nHay%20que%20hacer%20una%20casa%20sin%20puertas%20ni%20ventanas,ni%20techos,%20%20ni%20paredes-una%20casa%20muy%20casapero%20bien%20ancha,pero%20bien%20larga,pero%20bien%20ampliapara%20que%20todos%20entren,para%20que%20todos%20salgan,para%20que%20todos%20todosa%20donde%20vayan%20vayan-en%20el%20verano%20fresca,en%20el%20invierno%20c%C3%A1lida,pero%20sin%20puertas%20puertasni%20ventanas%20ventanasni%20paredes%20paredesni%20techos%20techos-nada%20que%20impida%20que%20la%20gente%20encuentre%20las%20entradas%20todas%20bien%20anchas,todas%20bien%20largas,todas%20bien%20ampliaspara%20que%20todos%20entren,para%20que%20todos%20salgan,para%20que%20todos%20todosa%20donde%20vayan%20vayan.published%20in%20Ur%C3%AD%20ur%C3%AD%20ur%C3%AD.%20Palabras%20para%20jugar.%20M%C3%A9xico,%20SEP-1994.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online&lt;/a&gt;.  Some of the meanings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Casa muy casa: a house that's very much a home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sin puertas puertas: without doors to keep you out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todos todos: absolutely everyone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now here's the fragment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Canción de los constructores&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hay que hacer una casa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sin puertas ni ventanas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni techos,  ni paredes--&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una casa muy casa&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero bien ancha,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero bien larga,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero bien amplia&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos entren,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos salgan,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos todos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a donde vayan vayan--&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en el verano fresca,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  en el invierno cálida,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  pero sin puertas puertas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni ventanas ventanas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni paredes paredes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ni techos techos--&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  nada que impida que la gente&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  encuentre las entradas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  todas bien anchas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  todas bien largas,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  todas bien amplias&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos entren,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos salgan,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  para que todos todos&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  a donde vayan vayan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-04T12:47:47.097" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T12:47:47.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29023" CreationDate="2019-04-04T04:29:51.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no absolute right or wrong for choosing between the two patterns.  That means that if your opinion is that it is wrong to say, &quot;Aquí mando yo,&quot; then you would be wrong!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &quot;Aquí yo mando&quot; sounds right to your ear, that's okay.  It would be interesting for us to know your linguistic background and to what extent it might have been corrupted by prolonged exposure to, say, English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Aquí mando yo&quot; is very common in Mexico, at least.  But it's okay if it sounds funny to you.  Both forms are &quot;correct.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll add something about the subtle difference between the two forms.  In &quot;Aquí mando yo&quot; the word receiving stress is &quot;yo,&quot; and it's in comparison with someone else who might be trying to usurp power.  In &quot;Aquí yo mando,&quot; I perceive a calmer, but perhaps heavier, statement.  It sounds forceful in the way that &quot;You Jane Me Tarzan&quot; does.  Certainly effective for getting the point across.  (But everything in this paragraph is just intuitive jottings -- nothing scientific -- intended to share some subtle nuances.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T04:29:51.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29047" CreationDate="2019-04-04T08:18:12.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One that I didn't realise was a minced oath: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%A1Ay,_caramba!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;caramba&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in place of &lt;em&gt;carajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pc71e.png&quot; alt=&quot;Bart Simpson: &amp;quot;Ay caramba!&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T08:18:12.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28931" CreationDate="2019-04-04T09:03:33.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, la palabra &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; es realmente antigua, y se usaba de forma muy parecida al actual &lt;em&gt;ay&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Creo que los árvoles otro año [non] levarán fruta por tu cabsa, porque siendo comedera de carne comes fruta. Et si así ha de pasar, ¡guay de las frutas et de los árvoles et de las bestias salvajes que las comen, que priado pereçerán!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anónimo, &quot;Calila e Dimna&quot;, 1251 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Su uso desde el siglo XIII hasta el siglo XX no sufrió cambio alguno:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pues cuando los ciegos guían, aunque sea para adelante, ¡guay de los que lo siguen!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jesús Alviz Arroyo, &quot;Un solo son en la danza&quot;, 1982 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, sin embargo, fue en la década de 1980 cuando empezaron a aparecer los primeros usos de &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; con su sentido actual, significado que prácticamente llegó para quedarse y nunca más se supo del otro. El más antiguo que he encontrado es este:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;España no es Hawai —qué guay— para los cantantes que quieren vender discos, pero se van defendiendo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ABC (Madrid). 26/09/1983, página 87.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efectivamente, fue sobre esas fechas que empezaron a darse los registros escritos de la palabra, aunque debió de usarse en el habla coloquial desde un tiempo antes. Me resulta muy curiosa la &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=guay&amp;amp;year_start=1950&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cguay%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;gráfica de uso&lt;/a&gt; de la palabra que da Ngram:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/30bOB.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/30bOB.png&quot; alt=&quot;Guay&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se aprecia un ascenso hacia 1975, para luego caer en su uso conforme el nuevo significado se abría paso. Al ser este nuevo significado más coloquial, el porcentaje cayó hasta que en 1998 parece que empezó a repuntar, imagino que por haberse ya establecido completamente su uso a todos los niveles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, ¿por qué este cambio de significado de la palabra? Pues me temo que eso va a ser difícil de responder. Cuanto más moderna es la palabra, más difícil es rastrear su origen debido al volumen de fuentes disponibles. Posibles teorías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que sea un autoantónimo. No es descabellado, hay veces que la palabra &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; se ha usado sola como interjección, similar a &lt;em&gt;¡ay!&lt;/em&gt;, lo cual se puede malinterpretar si el contexto no queda claro y el lector no conoce la existencia de esa palabra. También pudo haber sido a propósito. Existe una novela de 1940 titulada &lt;em&gt;El Chiplichandle. Acción picaresca&lt;/em&gt; que incluye un personaje que es un perro llamado &lt;em&gt;Guay&lt;/em&gt;, que es realmente un perro guay:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nadie supo de dónde trajo aquel perro. Era un perro de caza, ya viejo, con ojos grandes y dulces. Floreció al costado de Isidro, así de improviso, un atardecer. Todos los chiquillos le rodearon y se pusieron a mirarle con respeto.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Cómo se llama?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —&quot;Guay&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Muerde?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —No; no tengáis miedo, no muerde.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Le agarraron de las orejas y le tiraron de la cola.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Uno más atrevido intentó abrirle la boca.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &quot;Guay&quot; se dejó hacer, mansurrón.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan Antonio de Zunzunegui, &quot;El Chiplichandle. Acción picaresca&quot;, 1940 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Que proceda del árabe. Sí que es cierto que existe una palabra árabe, كويس (&lt;em&gt;kuayis&lt;/em&gt;, que se traduce como &quot;bien&quot;) cuya pronunciación es similar, y que si pasó primero por Andalucía es más que seguro que perdió la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; final, pasando en el habla por &lt;em&gt;kuayi&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;kuay&lt;/em&gt; y de ahí a &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt;. Sin embargo, no encuentro nada registrado al respecto. Se dice que &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; denotaba en el ámbito de la droga al hachís de buena calidad, en contraposición al &lt;em&gt;jaravaca&lt;/em&gt; (literalmente &quot;caca de vaca&quot;) o hachís de mala calidad. Sin embargo, mientras que &lt;em&gt;jaravaca&lt;/em&gt; se quedó en ese ámbito, &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; se extendió a todos los demás ámbitos. La palabra &lt;em&gt;jaravaca&lt;/em&gt; apenas es conocida, pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://atunara.com/atunatiki/tiki-index.php?page=Jaravaca&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;aparece registrada&lt;/a&gt; como de uso en la zona del estrecho de Gibraltar, concretamente en la wiki del barrio de La Atunara, en La Línea de la Concepción (también conocido como el barrio narco). En dicha web inciden en el origen árabe de &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Que proceda de una zarzuela de 1861, que incluye el siguiente verso: &quot;salero de buten guay&quot;. De hecho este verso se suele usar como origen también de la expresión &quot;de buten&quot; o, coloquialmente, &quot;dabuten&quot;. Existe la posibilidad de que esta zarzuela, titulada &lt;em&gt;La cruz de los humeros: zarzuela en un acto y en verso&lt;/em&gt;, se representara en Madrid a principios de los 80 (o antes) y se extrajera la expresión, añadiéndose al habla coloquial. Pero no encuentro en prensa anuncio alguno de dicha representación. A lo mejor a alguien que se conocía la zarzuela le dijeron &quot;¡de buten!&quot; y este respondió &quot;¡guay!&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estas son las opciones que veo más plausibles. Tal vez la del origen árabe asociado a la droga pueda tener más credibilidad, por el auge del consumo de estas sustancias que hubo precisamente en la década de 1980, coincidiendo con el auge de la palabra &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt;. El origen partiendo de &lt;em&gt;kwayyis&lt;/em&gt; (he visto varias transcripciones posibles), pasando por Andalucía, perdiendo la &lt;em&gt;-s&lt;/em&gt; y estableciéndose en &lt;em&gt;guay&lt;/em&gt; es razonable, y las fechas cuadran.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T09:03:33.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29047" CreationDate="2019-04-04T09:57:37.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Cajones&quot; en lugar de &quot;cojones&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;¡Miércoles!&quot; en lugar de &quot;¡Mierda!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Además del comentado por @ukemi  &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Mecachis (en la mar)!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, existe el algo más explícito &lt;em&gt;¡Mecagüen!&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Repámpanos&quot; lo he visto en tebeos, pero no se usa hoy día.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Jorobar&quot; también puede ser un sustituto de joder: &quot;&lt;em&gt;No me jorobes&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14615" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T09:57:37.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28653" CreationDate="2019-04-04T09:58:56.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Soy hablante nativo y he vivido en dos países de habla hispana, Argentina y España. Aun así no sabía que existía &quot;la doblez&quot; con este significado. Hoy he aprendido algo. Creo que difícilmente confundirás estas dos acepciones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En términos más generales y sobre todo para palabras mucho más comunes en las que el género no es evidente, como paraguas o mapa, un buen &lt;em&gt;truco de memoria&lt;/em&gt; es la práctica y en particular, leer. Con el tiempo te será más y más fácil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1233" LastEditorUserId="1233" LastEditDate="2019-04-04T19:25:55.707" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T19:25:55.707" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2019-04-04T10:23:13.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Una startup.&lt;/strong&gt; Los que trabajamos en startups no las llamamos de otra manera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y claro que habrá dudas sobre lo que esto significa. ¿Es acaso tan general? La nueva ferretería de mi barrio es una &quot;empresa emergente&quot;, pero no es una startup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es un anglicismo, pero en inglés es también un concepto relativamente nuevo y fluctuante. Hay sin embargo características específicas que separan a una startup de otras empresas emergentes, incipientes, etc. Por ejemplo, plantean un modelo de negocio &lt;strong&gt;repetible y escalable&lt;/strong&gt;. El consenso es también que una startup es una empresa diseñada para &lt;strong&gt;crecer a un ritmo acelerado&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2013/12/16/what-is-a-startup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is a startup? - Forbes&lt;/a&gt; (en inglés)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1233" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T10:23:13.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-04T13:15:53.550" Score="2" ViewCount="846" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver una sección del canal 24H de TVE en la que hablaban sobre palabras del diccionario, y en concreto hablaban de la palabra &lt;em&gt;sharía&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm5Z9Ad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sharía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Tb. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;sharia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del ár. &lt;em&gt;šarī'ah [al-islāmīya]&lt;/em&gt;; propiamente 'camino o senda [del islam]'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Ley religiosa islámica reguladora de todos los aspectos públicos y privados de la vida, y cuyo seguimiento se considera que conduce a la salvación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me confunde que se escriba &lt;em&gt;al mismo tiempo&lt;/em&gt; con cursiva y tilde (sí, veo que también existe la opción &lt;em&gt;sharia&lt;/em&gt; sin tilde). Yo pensaba que las voces en cursiva eran extranjerismos crudos, palabras que se escriben sin adaptar de su idioma original, y que únicamente al adaptarlas ya se le añaden las peculiaridades de nuestro idioma, como entiendo que es el caso de la tilde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, parece que &lt;em&gt;sharía&lt;/em&gt; es una voz que se ha quedado a medio camino, entre el extranjerismo crudo (que sería &lt;em&gt;sharia&lt;/em&gt;, imagino) y la voz adaptada (que sería &lt;em&gt;saría&lt;/em&gt; para evitar el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;, ajeno al español). No sé, sería como si el diccionario en vez de recoger &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm6HUPq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sheriff&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hubiera recogido &lt;em&gt;shérif&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva, quedándose a medio camino de &lt;em&gt;chérif&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún motivo para que esta palabra se haya recogido como un extranjerismo a medio adaptar? ¿Es una categoría de extranjerismos aparte? ¿O es sencillamente que la transcripción de palabras árabes a letras romanas ya contempla el uso de tildes en determinados casos? ¿Existen más palabras en el DLE en esta situación? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T22:21:56.490" Title="¿Por qué &quot;sharía&quot; lleva tilde pero se escribe con cursiva?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;dle&gt;&lt;extranjerismos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29056" CreationDate="2019-04-04T13:25:30.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;&lt;em&gt;sharía&lt;/em&gt;, mejor con tilde y en cursiva&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dado que &lt;a href=&quot;http://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm5Z9Ad&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sharía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; no es una voz tomada directamente de otra lengua, sino &lt;strong&gt;una transcripción a partir de un alfabeto no latino, se recomienda acentuarla&lt;/strong&gt; si se desea preservar la &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/orweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=hMmdUOlyZBYsTBKN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pronunciación original&lt;/a&gt;, aunque también es válida la forma sin tilde, que se pronunciaría con la primera &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; tónica, en lugar de la &lt;em&gt;i&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;sharia&lt;/em&gt;. Por otra parte, como incluye una &lt;strong&gt;secuencia consonántica ajena&lt;/strong&gt; al español —el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;— lo apropiado es escribirla &lt;strong&gt;en cursiva&lt;/strong&gt; o, si no se dispone de este tipo de letra, entre comillas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/sharia-con-tilde-y-en-cursiva/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/sharia-con-tilde-y-en-cursiva/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otros ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=KugdqLx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ídish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QJdBBya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ndowé&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T13:35:01.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29058" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-04T14:10:31.570" Score="2" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pesar de que &lt;em&gt;sushi&lt;/em&gt; es una voz de uso cada vez más común, el DLE la recoge en cursiva simplemente por el hecho de que lleva el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt;. Este dígrafo, que los hispanohablantes saben distinguir y pronunciar correctamente (¿quién no ha mandado callar a alguien con un &quot;ssshhhhh&quot;?) es considerado como un extranjerismo por la RAE, y por tanto todas las palabras que lo lleven, aunque se usen como cualquier otra palabra del español (incluso a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/29056/12637&quot;&gt;medio adaptar&lt;/a&gt;), siempre se tendrán que escribir en cursiva.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque seamos sinceros, ¿quién escribe &lt;em&gt;sushi&lt;/em&gt; en cursiva?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, y mientras la RAE siga siendo reacia a integrar el dígrafo &lt;em&gt;sh&lt;/em&gt; en la ortografía española, seguiremos escribiendo en cursiva todas las palabras que lo contengan...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Salvo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=2XPglZH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ancashino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=N5otZrN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leishmaniasis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=N5pDlPO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;leishmaniosis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OUVbcBY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;marshalés&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Xm5LIB4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shakespeariano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bBPD9F6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ushuaiense&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=c66UnDn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;washingtoniano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. ¿Por qué estas palabras, que provienen de nombres propios o topónimos, sí tienen el estatus de palabra española de pleno derecho y se escriben con letra redonda?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2021-03-27T18:13:01.503" Title="¿Por qué &quot;ancashino&quot;, &quot;leishmaniosis&quot; y &quot;marshalés&quot; se escriben con letra redonda a pesar de llevar el dígrafo &quot;sh&quot;?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;dle&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29058" CreationDate="2019-04-04T14:16:00.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Derivados&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los derivados formados según las normas españolas se escriben en redonda aunque la palabra base (que puede ser un nombre común o propio) sea&#xA;extranjera:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pizza&lt;/em&gt; ➟ pizzería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;whisky&lt;/em&gt; ➟ whiskería&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;jazz&lt;/em&gt; ➟ jazzista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;windsurf&lt;/em&gt; ➟ windsurfista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Kuwait&lt;/em&gt; ➟ kuwaití&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Washington&lt;/em&gt; ➟ washingtoniano&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fundeu.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/CursivasGuiaFundeu.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cursiva y redonda, Guía de estilo&lt;/a&gt; (Fundéu)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;2.5. Extranjerismos&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los derivados españoles de palabras extranjeras, aunque estas presenten dificultades gráficas o de pronunciación, se representan en letra redonda. P. ej., &lt;strong&gt;pizzería&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;flaubertiano&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/2020-07/La_vigesimotercera_edicion.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/2020-07/La_vigesimotercera_edicion.pdf&lt;/a&gt; (pág. 4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2021-03-27T18:13:01.503" LastActivityDate="2021-03-27T18:13:01.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29020" CreationDate="2019-04-04T16:23:31.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The function of this clause is adjectival. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;que sintiera tanto dolor como para impedir que hiciera el maleficio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is describing Quirell and how he would feel.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su única oportunidad era que Quirrell sintiera tanto dolor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way you rewrite the clause is nominal- that is Quirrel is actively doing the feeling of those things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;para que&lt;/strong&gt; are both mechanisms for introducing subordinate clauses- whether they be nominal, adjectival, or adverbial  (I would think &lt;strong&gt;Para que&lt;/strong&gt; would be most commonly used with nominal clauses, though).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; can be used in this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12524" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T16:23:31.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29070" CreationDate="2019-04-04T20:48:40.613" Score="3" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;To say &lt;code&gt;I became [adj]&lt;/code&gt;, I can say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me puse pensativo/enfermo/nervioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've also heard &lt;code&gt;me puso [adj]&lt;/code&gt; in the same context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me puso pensativo/enfermo/nervioso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between the two &lt;strong&gt;meaning-wise&lt;/strong&gt;? Is this a passive voice, this is it? &quot;Something made me....&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not taking about &quot;él, ella&quot; for &quot;puso&quot;. But &quot;it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2019-04-05T17:18:31.627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T18:35:25.353" Title="Me puse [adj] vs Me puso [adj]" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2019-04-04T21:37:07.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Arabic did not great influence the Spanish language, but only secondly to Latin. Before the Roman's came, the Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by Celts and local Iberians who spoke a protoCeltic, Celtic, and indo European type language. The Roman's introduced latin which would would supplement 80-90% of the language spoken (not including the Basques). To this day, Portugal and Galician (North West Spain) are the two languages that, second to latin, have the greatest linguistic influence from old Celtic tribes who used to live in this isolated region, and some Germanic words from the Suevi. This is because this region of the Iberian Peninsula had the least amount of contact with the Roman's and was the birth place of the reconquesta, which meant Arabization was minimal and rejected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To this day, the Portuguese language, having been descended from the reconquesta birth place in the North, retains over 1,500 Celtic words, and European Portuguese retains unique phonetic syntax separate from Spain. Spain on the other hand mostly dissolved regional variations of the vulgar latin spoken across the peninsula with Castilian Spanish &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21540" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T21:37:07.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29056" CreationDate="2019-04-04T22:21:56.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues eso mismo le pregunté yo a la RAE, y &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/RAEinforma/status/973581105776549888?s=19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esto&lt;/a&gt; me respondieron:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En realidad, la adaptación plena al español sería «saría» o «charía», ambas ya documentadas en nuestra lengua. El dígrafo «sh» y el fonema que representa son ajenos al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y, tras hacerles notar que ninguna de las dos opciones que me habían dado estaba recogida en el diccionario, mientras que &quot;sharía&quot; sí:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Está en estudio la reconsideración del registro de esa forma en el diccionario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, que la propia RAE reconoce que a lo mejor &lt;strong&gt;haber incluido &quot;sharía&quot; ha sido un error, y lo correcto es &quot;saría&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-04T22:21:56.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29062" CreationDate="2019-04-04T23:11:47.873" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The difference is the subject of the sentence.&lt;/strong&gt; Check that different endings correspond to different subjects. If you conjugate the verb &lt;em&gt;poner&lt;/em&gt; in past simple, you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;yo puse&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  tú pusiste&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  él/ella/esto/eso puso&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;code&gt;me puse&lt;/code&gt; is actually &lt;code&gt;yo me puse&lt;/code&gt;, which would literally translate as &quot;I put myself&quot;, and it actually means &quot;I became&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &lt;code&gt;me puso&lt;/code&gt; is (3rd person) actually &lt;code&gt;él me puso&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ella me puso&lt;/code&gt; or 'esto/eso/aquello' &lt;strong&gt;(anything 3rd person)&lt;/strong&gt;, which is &quot;(s)he put me&quot;, or &quot;(s)he made me become&quot; using any third person  &lt;strong&gt;he/she/it/this/that&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the difference is &lt;strong&gt;puse&lt;/strong&gt; is first person and &lt;strong&gt;puso&lt;/strong&gt; is third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17253" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-05T18:35:25.353" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T18:35:25.353" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-05T09:19:52.320" Score="6" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conocí el término &quot;array&quot; al estar aprendiendo C en el libro de Deitel y Deitel en el cual se mencionaba &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse al término que en inglés se conoce como &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Sin embargo, al estar dentro de la jerga de programación en español nunca veo que se utilice este término, sino &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;vector&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;matriz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; de datos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Al no ver el término utilizándose mas que en el libro quisiera saber cuál es la traducción correcta de &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;. El término se refiere a datos subsecuentes en memoria, a los cuales se puede acceder mediante un puntero que apunte al primer elemento y aritméticamente pueda acceder de uno en uno hasta el último elemento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Pregunta basada en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.stackoverflow.com/q/234718/2742&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; de StackOverflow en español.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16595" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-05T09:29:04.277" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T10:06:36.973" Title="¿Cuál es la traducción al español correcta del término &quot;array&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29066" CreationDate="2019-04-05T09:19:52.320" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;En 2013 pregunté a la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; sobre la terminología que desde dicha institución consideraban adecuada para el lenguaje técnico en español. Mi pregunta no iba sobre el término &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt; sino sobre la españolización de los términos &lt;em&gt;get&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;set&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;reset&lt;/em&gt; como &lt;em&gt;getear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;setear&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;resetear&lt;/em&gt;, pero aunque su respuesta es en relación a esos términos, puede ser usada en la duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En relación con su consulta, le remitimos la siguiente información:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La cuestión es que si en español existen términos como &lt;em&gt;establecer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;restablecer&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;obtener&lt;/em&gt;, que son transparentes para quienes los emplean y no dejan lugar a dudas sobre su uso, no hay motivo para crear otros nuevos, como no lo hay para utilizar calcos del inglés, solo porque el  resultado de estos tenga alguna sílaba menos. Ahora bien, es cierto que el idioma pertenece a los hablantes, que son los responsables de su evolución histórica, pues lo van construyendo con su uso diario. De modo que son los especialistas de cada materia quienes tienen la oportunidad de asumir y difundir el empleo de determinadas voces y dejar al margen otras en las publicaciones de su especialidad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reciba un cordial saludo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Departamento de «Español al día» Real Academia Española&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No creo que hayan cambiado de criterio en seis años, por lo que creo que la respuesta sigue siendo válida y aplicable en el contexto de tu duda:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¿Cuál es la traducción al español correcta del término array?&lt;/strong&gt; La que nosotros como programadores popularicemos. Es muy frustrante buscar información sobre programación en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Lenguas_por_n%C3%BAmero_de_hablantes_nativos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;segundo idioma más hablado del planeta (enero 2019)&lt;/a&gt; (por delante del inglés) y encontrar apenas nada. Los principales culpables de esto somos los programadores hispanohablantes, que no creamos contenido en nuestro idioma; para acabar con este problema debemos crear todo el contenido que podamos en nuestro idioma y hacer lo posible por popularizarlo, voy a listar (en orden alfabético) las palabras candidatas y mi opinión sobre las mismas... a partir de ahí, que gane la mejor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arreglo&lt;/strong&gt;: La más extendida hasta la fecha, personalmente no me gusta porque creo que en español (España) no transmite la idea de un conjunto de datos del mismo tipo con tamaño predefinido; parece más una traducción casi literal del término arr(ay|eglo).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colección&lt;/strong&gt;: Un término que transmite muy bien la idea de conjunto de datos, pero no necesariamente transmite la idea de homogeneidad, personalmente me gusta bastante pero más para contenedores en general que para un tipo particular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formación&lt;/strong&gt;: En mi opinión, es la palabra que mejor transmite la idea de una colección de datos del mismo tipo con tamaño determinado de antemano ya que es muy fácil hacer la analogía con las formaciones &lt;em&gt;del mundo real&lt;/em&gt; tanto de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/image/file/34963/Optimized-DSC00415.JPG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;una dimensión&lt;/a&gt; como de &lt;a href=&quot;https://est.zetaestaticos.com/extremadura/img/noticias/1/118/1118831_1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dos dimensiones&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Matriz&lt;/strong&gt;: Una palabra adecuada para transmitir el concepto pero, que se puede confundir con el homónimo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matriz_(matem%C3%A1ticas)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matemático&lt;/a&gt; haciéndola inadecuada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vector&lt;/strong&gt;: Inadecuado porque se puede confundir con el homónimo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espacio_vectorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;matemático&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16595" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T10:06:36.973" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-05T10:30:08.780" Score="7" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;En la pregunta &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/29066/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Cu&amp;#225;l es la traducci&amp;#243;n al espa&amp;#241;ol correcta del t&amp;#233;rmino &amp;quot;array&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se ha comentado que la opción &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt;, supuestamente de uso mayoritario a la hora de traducir la voz inglesa &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;, es o parece una mala traducción de esta, debido a la semejanza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Lo es realmente?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/array#etymonline_v_41458&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la web de etymonline&lt;/a&gt;, la voz &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt; proviene del francés, y antes del latín vulgar &lt;em&gt;*ar-redare&lt;/em&gt;. En el siglo XIV significaba en inglés &quot;fila de soldados&quot; o &quot;tropas en formación&quot;, dando origen en el siglo XIX a su significado como &quot;disposición ordenada&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cuanto a &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt;, Corominas afirma que es un derivado de &lt;em&gt;regla&lt;/em&gt;, del latín &lt;em&gt;regŭla&lt;/em&gt;, 'regla, barra de metal o madera'. Luego &quot;arreglar&quot; sería &quot;disponer conforme a una regla&quot;, lo que daría a &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; su acepción como &quot;regla, orden, coordinación&quot;. La voz &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; se introduce en el español en el siglo XVIII con este sentido. De hecho la acepción anteriormente mencionada se encuentra en el DLE desde 1803.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, y por profundizar un poco más, ¿qué era realmente un arreglo en el español del siglo XVIII? ¿Significaba algo que sugiriese una &quot;disposición ordenada&quot; de elementos, como en un &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Algo parecido a las formaciones militares pero con objetos en vez de soldados?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La idea es saber si &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; es o no una mala traducción de &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;, y para eso quería saber si los significados se asemejan, e incluso saber si incluso la palabra española adquirió su significado antes que la inglesa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T02:16:51.197" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T13:59:10.373" Title="¿Es realmente &quot;arreglo&quot; una mala traducción (por semejanza) de &quot;array&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;inglés&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29062" CreationDate="2019-04-05T13:49:49.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you got it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me puse enfermo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not telling what made you to become ill, maybe it is not important or it's unknown. Besides, this sentence usually has a literal meaning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(Algo) me puso enfermo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the emphasis is in the subject, there is a known cause. Maybe the food poisoned me, or someone passed me their illness, so I am blaming it on something or someone. This sentence also can be used in a metaphorical way, similar to &quot;I'm sick of / I've had enough of ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14615" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T13:49:49.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-05T23:47:16.283" Score="3" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“That you guys even think it’s negotiable is pretty fucked up,”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translation concensus seems to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Que ustedes incluso piensen que es negociable está bastante jodido”,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it just doesn't have nearly the same impact as the original. All the ways to rephrase the sentence I came up with attack the person more than the idea they're debating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21550" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T17:17:16.527" Title="What's a possible translation for something being &quot;fucked up&quot;?" Tags="&lt;coloquialismos&gt;&lt;insultos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-06T15:51:58.917" Score="3" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;“La clave de este ejercicio es que el vientre se te mueva con esfuerzo.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Por qué se necesita &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;strong&gt;se mueve&lt;/strong&gt; ya está reflexivo...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T02:26:07.423" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T02:31:26.363" Title="La diferencia entre “se te mueve” y “se mueve”" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29073" CreationDate="2019-04-06T16:46:53.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;El dativo de posesión o simpatético &quot;te&quot; permite inferir que se está hablando del vientre del interlocutor. Su ausencia vuelve la oración más impersonal (&quot;el vientre de cualquier persona&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español, es habitual que, en lugar de un adjetivo posesivo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La clave de este ejercicio es que &lt;strong&gt;tu&lt;/strong&gt; vientre se mueva con esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;se utilice el artículo definido y un dativo que hace referencia a la persona afectada:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La clave de este ejercicio es que &lt;strong&gt;el&lt;/strong&gt; vientre se &lt;strong&gt;te&lt;/strong&gt; mueva con esfuerzo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota 1: &quot;moverse&quot; no es reflexivo, porque el vientre no se mueve a sí mismo, sino por sí solo. Antiguamente se hablaba, en estos casos, de verbos &quot;cuasirreflejos&quot;. Actualmente, se los conoce como &quot;pronominales&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nota 2: En &lt;a href=&quot;http://hispanoteca.eu/gram%C3%A1ticas/Gram%C3%A1tica%20espa%C3%B1ola/Dativos%20superfluos.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta página&lt;/a&gt; puede encontrarse una clasificación semántica bastante completa de los dativos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-04-06T16:55:38.597" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T16:55:38.597" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29071" CreationDate="2019-04-06T17:17:16.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WIFp9kE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retorcido, da&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;Del part. de &lt;i&gt;retorcer&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/pre&gt;  &#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1. &lt;code&gt;adj.&lt;/code&gt; Dicho de una persona: De intención sinuosa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-04-06T17:17:16.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29079" CreationDate="2019-04-07T05:17:36.350" Score="2" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excuse the slightly silly context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En mi vida ha habido muchas cosas que me han importado mucho. También me han valido un carajo muchas otras. Y como el camino que no se recorre, &lt;strong&gt;fueron las veces que me valió&lt;/strong&gt; un carajo las que hicieron toda la diferencia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why wouldn't this be &quot;fueron las veces que me valieron&quot;? Am I misunderstanding what the implied subject of &quot;valió&quot; is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T14:20:34.523" Title="Confused about a verb agreement in a relative clause" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29077" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-07T10:09:36.080" Score="0" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what I want to say is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to travel to London&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero he viajado a Londres&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21557" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-07T18:19:20.880" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T02:43:31.053" Title="Is &quot;Quiero he viajado a Londres&quot; a good translation for &quot;I want to travel to London&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29076" CreationDate="2019-04-07T14:20:34.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an ambiguous situation. At first it looks undoubtedly like a mistake. I wondered first whether this could be excused because sometimes common idioms become fixed to the point of ignoring basic grammatical rules when used in informal contexts. But here the grammar is actually inconsistent within the context; &lt;em&gt;me han valido&lt;/em&gt; is plural, which shows the speaker respects number agreement, but &lt;em&gt;me valió&lt;/em&gt; is singular, which shows lack of agreement. So this could just be a mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there's another possibility. What is the subject of the expression &lt;em&gt;valerle a uno un carajo algo&lt;/em&gt;? The structure is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Subj &lt;em&gt;valer&lt;/em&gt; reflexive-IObj DObj[&lt;em&gt;un carajo&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where IObj = indirect object, DObj = direct object, the expression &lt;em&gt;un carajo&lt;/em&gt;, and Subj = subject (movable). This subject can be explicit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tus quejas&lt;/strong&gt; me valen un carajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me vale un carajo &lt;strong&gt;lo que digas&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also be implicit: just saying &lt;em&gt;Me vale un carajo&lt;/em&gt; in a given situation signals that you don't care about it. There's no real referent to that implicit subject; it's the context as a whole. The context can include a time, a place, the company of certain people, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to arrive at is that an expression like &lt;em&gt;las veces que...&lt;/em&gt; can be such a context. In Spanish, there's a certain set of nouns that can form complements of time by themselves, without resorting to any preposition or any other overt indication:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;El otro día&lt;/strong&gt; vi a María en el mercado.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La vez pasada&lt;/strong&gt; no quisiste atenderme.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nos enamoramos &lt;strong&gt;la primera vez&lt;/strong&gt; que te vi.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Juan va de compras &lt;strong&gt;los lunes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm proposing is that &lt;em&gt;las veces&lt;/em&gt;, in your text, is one such complement of time, and that the implied subject of &lt;em&gt;me valió&lt;/em&gt; in that last sentence could refer not to &lt;em&gt;las veces&lt;/em&gt; but to the context as a whole. In that case the sentence could be reworded more &quot;properly&quot; as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;... fueron las veces &lt;strong&gt;en&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;la situación&lt;/strong&gt; me valió un carajo las que hicieron toda la diferencia.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is difficult to translate into English, but the subject of whatever you translate as &lt;em&gt;me valió...&lt;/em&gt; would be a dummy &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T14:20:34.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29086" CreationDate="2019-04-07T15:21:27.273" Score="4" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed that Spanish is a bit tricky when it comes to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/397778/temv.pdf?sequence=1&amp;amp;isAllowed=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agreement in copular clauses&lt;/a&gt;. The following sentence still caught me a little off-guard though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El deseo de una experiencia más positiva es, en sí &lt;strong&gt;misma&lt;/strong&gt;, una experiencia negativa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have expected &quot;misma&quot; to agree with &quot;el deseo&quot;. As written, I'm about 50/50 between thinking that this is just how Spanish works, and &quot;misma&quot; agrees with the trailing &quot;una experiencia negativa&quot;, versus this being a mistaken agreement with the preceding &quot;una experience positiva&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T07:26:54.900" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T07:26:54.900" Title="Agreement in a copulative clause: &quot;... es, en sí mism(o|a), una ...&quot;" Tags="&lt;concordancia-gramatical&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-07T15:45:39.307" Score="1" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt; &lt;strong&gt;“La clave de este ejercicio es que el vientre se te mueva con esfuerzo.”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;moverse&quot; no es reflexivo, porque el vientre no se mueve a sí mismo, sino por sí solo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo por qué dice “el vientre no se mueve a sí mismo, sino por sí solo.” No estoy muy claro sobre las diferencias aquí... El vientre mueve por sí mismo, no?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Podria explicarme la definición acerca de “verbo pronombre” como “moverse” aquí? Cómo determinar si es “reflexivo” o “verbo prnl”?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¿Puede decir &#xA;“La clave de este ejercicio es que el vientre mueva con esfuerzo” sin “&lt;strong&gt;se te&lt;/strong&gt;”?   ¿Hay algunas diferencias en significados?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19999" LastEditorUserId="19999" LastEditDate="2019-04-07T16:58:53.587" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T19:59:41.930" Title="Moverse (verbo pronombre)" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29081" CreationDate="2019-04-07T20:32:08.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resulta más que evidente que OP no está satisfecho con la respuesta y los comentarios en &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/29073/la-diferencia-entre-se-te-mueve-y-se-mueve&quot;&gt;esta otra pregunta relacionada.&lt;/a&gt; Haré un nuevo intento.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El verbo &quot;mover&quot; sin objeto no existe (a menos que esté implícito o tácito, como por ejemplo al hacer referencia a los movimientos durante un juego de mesa: &lt;em&gt;Ahora muevo yo&lt;/em&gt;). Podemos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. La clave de este ejercicio es que &lt;strong&gt;(tú) muevas el vientre&lt;/strong&gt; con esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, en respuesta a (3), &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; podemos decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. *La clave de este ejercicio es que &lt;strong&gt;el vientre mueva&lt;/strong&gt; con esfuerzo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decimos que el vientre &lt;strong&gt;se mueve&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; que &lt;strong&gt;*el vientre mueve&lt;/strong&gt;. Por eso decimos que, en su uso intransitivo (sin objeto), &quot;moverse&quot; es pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a (2), el verbo es reflexivo cuando la acción recae sobre el mismo que la realiza. Existe gente (sobre todo adolescentes) que se autoagrede. Si decimos que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La paciente X &lt;strong&gt;se cortó&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;significa que se cortó a sí misma, es decir, que utilizó deliberadamente un elemento cortante para autoagredirse. Aquí, el verbo &quot;cortarse&quot; es reflexivo, porque significa &quot;cortarse a sí mismo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En cambio, si la persona &lt;strong&gt;se corta&lt;/strong&gt; accidentalmente, aquí el verbo no es reflexivo sino pronominal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Juana &lt;strong&gt;se cortó&lt;/strong&gt; al caerse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En respuesta a (1), podemos decir que Juana se cortó por sí sola, porque nadie la cortó, ni tampoco se cortó a sí misma. Simplemente, se cortó.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T01:22:57.767" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T01:22:57.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29081" CreationDate="2019-04-07T20:54:18.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una cosa que suele confundir a muchos que aprenden el español es el hecho de que algunos verbos son, en efecto, obligatoriamente transitivos. En un idioma como el inglés, el verbo &lt;em&gt;move&lt;/em&gt; es bien intransitivo (realizar movimiento de sí mismo) bien transitivo (cambiar el sitio de alguna cosa a otro). En el español ambos significados existen, pero no hay diferencia de transitividad para determinarlo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando un verbo obligatoriamente transitivo se usa sin objeto aparente, en castellano se emplea un pronombre reflexivo pero ojo: sin que represente una acción reflexiva. En estos casos, decimos que el verbo no es reflexivo, sino pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Que un verbo se puede usar de esta forma no le quita la posibilidad de usarse &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt; como reflexivo, y creo que ahí está la confusión para algunos ya que a veces la línea entre los dos usos puede ser bastante fina. Pero tomemos un verbo como&lt;em&gt;quemar&lt;/em&gt; que funciona de forma parecida.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;¡Cuidado! ¡Eso quema!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uso que parece intransitivo, &lt;em&gt;eso&lt;/em&gt; le ocasionará quemaduras al que lo tocare. No obstante, como hay un complemento fuertemente implícito (quemará &lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt;, ¿no?), no se suele considerar como intransitivo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yo quemé los papeles.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uso transitivo. Los papeles se quedan quemados por mi acción.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La casa se quemaba mientras esperaban a los bomberos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uso pronominal. ¿Qué quema la casa? Nada, no enciende a nada. La casa simplemente estaba con llamas. (Ojo: una prueba de que no es un ejemplo de la pasiva refleja es que vale en primera y segunda persona también)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El activista se quemó en frente de todos.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uso reflexivo. El activista quemó algo. ¿Qué quemó? A sí mismo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;mover&lt;/em&gt;, si digo que &lt;em&gt;me estoy moviendo&lt;/em&gt;, digo que estoy gesticulando o habiendo movimientos. Si &lt;em&gt;me muevo&lt;/em&gt;, se interpreta que estoy cambiando de lugar por mi volición. Pero si solo digo muevo, la gente pensará ¿pero &lt;em&gt;qué&lt;/em&gt; estará moviendo ese tipo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por eso, hay que decir &lt;em&gt;se mueva&lt;/em&gt; en tu ejemplo.  Lo de añadir &lt;em&gt;te&lt;/em&gt; nos indica quién ha beneficiado por el movimiento (o, se supone en este caso, quien ha intentado hacer que se mueva).  Se dijésemos &lt;em&gt;te mueva&lt;/em&gt;, ¡el vientre estaría causando que tú te mueves!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="4182" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T19:59:41.930" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T19:59:41.930" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29080" CreationDate="2019-04-07T22:40:26.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a mistake in the source text. It's understandable, like other failures of agreement when several sentence constituents are subordinated or linked to each other in a more-or-less complicated arrangement, but it's still a mistake. Just as you expected, it should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;El deseo de una experiencia más positiva es, en sí &lt;strong&gt;mismo&lt;/strong&gt;, una experiencia negativa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because the reflexive expression &lt;em&gt;sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; can only refer to the previous noun phrase (the subject) as a whole (&lt;em&gt;el deseo de una experiencia más positiva&lt;/em&gt;), which is headed by the masculine singular noun &lt;em&gt;deseo&lt;/em&gt;; it cannot refer to the subordinate noun phrase &lt;em&gt;una experiencia más positiva&lt;/em&gt;. The comment &lt;em&gt;en sí mismo&lt;/em&gt; is an adverbial complement that modifies the verb, and because of how Spanish works, this means any pronouns inside it can only refer to the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-07T22:40:26.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29077" CreationDate="2019-04-08T06:56:41.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it isn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After any verb that expresses desire, such as &lt;em&gt;querer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;desear&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;esperar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;preferir&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;amar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt; and so on, you will always find an infinitive (at least when there is no third person involved).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In present tense:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quiero viajar a Londres.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espero tener un viaje tranquilo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prefiero ir en primera clase.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other tenses (the tricky part):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me gustaría viajar a Londres. (Expresses a future desire, much like &quot;I'd like to&quot;.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Preferiría haber viajado sin turbulencias. (Expresses a desire to change something in the past, so the infinitive is now a compound one.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a third person is involved then you need to switch to relative clauses with verbs in subjunctive mood:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo quiero que Juan viaje a Londres. (I'm expressing a desire for other person.)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Espero que el viaje sea tranquilo. (My desire is for the trip, not for myself.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-09T10:53:24.627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T10:53:24.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-08T11:31:53.573" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought &quot;sí&quot; meant &quot;yes&quot; and &quot;itself/himself/herself/yourself&quot; so how does it translate to &quot;does&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The following conversation is copied from one of Duolingo's stories)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MAMÁ&#xA;  Gaby era el nombre de tu amiga imaginaria…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MAMÁ&#xA;  … cuando eras pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MAMÁ&#xA;  Obviamente, ella nunca existió…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;DANIEL&#xA;  Pues esta niña &lt;strong&gt;sí&lt;/strong&gt; existe…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-08T12:16:44.547" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T19:32:32.177" Title="How does &quot;sí existe&quot; mean &quot;does exist&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29088" CreationDate="2019-04-08T12:01:56.073" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sí&lt;/em&gt; is the affirmative adverb, just as &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; is the negative adverb.  So where we can say &lt;code&gt;algo *no existe*&lt;/code&gt; to deny that it exists, we can also say &lt;code&gt;algo *sí existe*&lt;/code&gt; to confirm, somewhat emphatically, that it does indeed exist.  That's the same function that &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; has in English (it is called the emphatic modal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T19:27:51.237" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T19:27:51.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-08T12:34:06.557" Score="7" ViewCount="388" Body="&lt;p&gt;La palabra &quot;acabose&quot; tiene la siguiente entrada en el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0FWOKaJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;acabose&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De &lt;em&gt;acabó&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;se&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ser&lt;/strong&gt; algo &lt;strong&gt;el acabose&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;loc. verb&lt;/em&gt;. Denota que ha llegado a su último extremo. U. m. en sent. peyor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me causa curiosidad lo que dice de: &quot;De &lt;em&gt;acabó&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;se&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Viéndolo así podría pensar que otras palabras también pueden componerse con &quot;se&quot; para formar una nueva palabra, pero no se me ocurre ninguna. ¿Fue este un caso único, con alguna razón particular? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En una tira cómica, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafalda&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mafalda&lt;/a&gt;, el personaje principal &quot;compone&quot; unos términos de construcción parecida: &lt;em&gt;continuóse&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;empezóse&lt;/em&gt;. Acá entiendo que su uso es humorístico, pero, ¿podrían ser válidas estas palabras?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hlswE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hlswE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T19:35:22.483" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T07:19:41.933" Title="¿Hay palabras similares a &quot;acabóse&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29088" CreationDate="2019-04-08T12:37:08.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember never to translate from one language to another word for word. I always say that the best translation is the one that produces in the reader/listener the same mental image as the one the original text produces, even if the translation is not exact word for word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you analyze the context, you have a mother arguing that Gaby was an imaginary friend and hence never existed, but Daniel states that it is the opposite: the girl exists. And what's more, he is annoyed because of what his mother said; he thinks his mother does not believe him and so he emphasizes existence of the girl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what we need to &quot;translate&quot; (I prefer &quot;adapt&quot;) is the way to emphatically state the opposite from what the other person said. In Spanish it could have been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta niña sí existe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Esta niña de verdad que existe.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Pues te digo que esta niña existe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have several ways to make that emphasis, and you don't even need to use the &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt; adverb, as you can see from my examples. Now, in order to translate, we need to know how to make that emphasis in the other language. For this, a basic option for English could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Well, this girl does exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that does not make &quot;does&quot; a translation for &quot;yes.&quot; It is the translation of the way emphasis is made in that kind of sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T19:31:29.517" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T19:31:29.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29090" CreationDate="2019-04-08T13:35:08.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece que estamos ante un caso único. Como ha notado @fedorqui en su comentario, hay muy pocas palabras en el diccionario que acaben en &lt;em&gt;-ose&lt;/em&gt;, y todas significan &quot;acción y efecto de&quot;, como la &quot;acción y efecto de desglosar&quot; que es &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=D1MVCAl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;desglose&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta forma de construir tiempos verbales era muy común en la antigüedad: &lt;em&gt;encontróse con él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;partióse la casa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;llegóse a él&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;murióse don Donato&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;dexóse caer&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;erguióse todo derecho&lt;/em&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por supuesto, el verbo &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; no escapa a esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E acabose la agua dela botija, e echo al fijo deyuso de vno delos arboles.&lt;/em&gt; (c. 1400)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso de &lt;em&gt;acabóse&lt;/em&gt; es curioso, porque se usaba como fórmula para cerrar cartas, escritos y demás, como &quot;Acabóse el día tal&quot;, y para indicar que no había nada más que hacer o decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] y haciendo lo que quisiese, haría mi gusto; y haciendo mi gusto, estaría contento; y en estando uno contento, no tiene más que desear; y no teniendo más que desear, acabóse, y el estado venga, y a Dios y veámonos, como dijo un ciego a otro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, &quot;El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha&quot;, 1605.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra aparece reflejada en el &lt;em&gt;Henríquez&lt;/em&gt; de 1679 (traducida al latín), y luego ya en el &lt;em&gt;Academia usual&lt;/em&gt; de 1817, reflejando el uso comentado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ACABÓSE. loc. fam. No hay mas que hacer ni decir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosidad: no es la única conjugación de &lt;em&gt;acabar&lt;/em&gt; que entra en el diccionario. Véanse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ACABÁRAMOS. f. fam. con que se da á entender el gusto que se recibe cuando despues de gran dilacion se logra alguna cosa ó se sale de una duda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SANSEACABÓ. expr. fam. con que se da por terminado un asunto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero sigamos. En este punto la locución es verbal, se usa la palabra como verbo pero de una forma que sugiere un significado distinto del verbo original, de ahí su entrada en el diccionario. Sin embargo, los primeros casos de su uso como sustantivo los encuentro en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don Robustiano se acercó al Magistral; miró a todos los rincones a todas las puertas, y con la mano delante de la boca, dijo:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¡Aquello es el acabóse!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clarín (Leopoldo Alas), &quot;La Regenta&quot;, 1884-1885.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;De hecho, en 1901 el &lt;em&gt;Toro y Gómez&lt;/em&gt; define la expresión como &quot;el fin, lo último, la de vámonos&quot;. Y en 1925 ya se define en el DLE como &quot;frase con que se denota haber llegado una cosa a su último extremo&quot;. Y añade que se usa &quot;para denotar ruina, desolación o desastre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ya como reflexión personal, entiendo que el éxito que tuvo esta palabra es que se construyó usando un verbo que denota extremos en el transcurso del tiempo. No me imagino cualquier otro verbo con una construcción similar: &lt;em&gt;el comióse&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;el subióse&lt;/em&gt;, ¿qué significarían? En cambio, &lt;em&gt;el acabóse&lt;/em&gt; funciona muy bien, y precisamente ese es también el éxito del chiste de Quino, que juega con verbos similares que denotan el transcurso del tiempo para dar lugar a &lt;em&gt;el continuóse&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;el empezóse&lt;/em&gt;. Un genio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, notar que la &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE incluye &lt;em&gt;acabose&lt;/em&gt; en un grupo de palabras compuestas formadas &quot;lexicalizando un grupo verbal de estructura compleja&quot; que suelen &quot;contener pronombres, artículos, preposiciones y otros elementos: &lt;em&gt;acabose, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5P6ZzUZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;besalamano&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5UME3xF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bienmesabe&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BiORpTD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;curalotodo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=K3szhNW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hazmerreír&lt;/a&gt;, mataporgusto, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=P7jc6jo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;metomentodo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=RwtE550&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parlaembalde&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Sm6AMQp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pésame&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=UlraVzO&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quehacer&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Wsustft&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sabelotodo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XrrmDYH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siguemepollo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZUM7MgT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tentempié&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZUMSIFm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tentetieso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-12T07:19:41.933" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T07:19:41.933" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29088" CreationDate="2019-04-08T15:39:37.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In speech it would be fairly easy to translate what the boy says since you would stress the word &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt;. If I were translating this in written English I would deviate from the Spanish structure and say something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, she really does exist&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Yes, she really does exist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course these are closer to one of @Charlie's examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esta niña de verdad que existe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T19:32:32.177" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T19:32:32.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21649" CreationDate="2019-04-08T17:34:04.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el sur cuando alguien te gana facilmente al padle decimos hubo &quot;caneo gordo&quot;. Es decir, fuiste vencido de una manera &quot;humillante&quot;, algo mas relacionado con lo de &quot;meter caña&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21568" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T17:34:04.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29096" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-08T21:26:25.363" Score="2" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the correct word in Spanish for the word &quot;usage,&quot; in the sense of linguistic usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21571" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-09T06:08:22.743" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T06:08:22.743" Title="What is the correct term for the word &quot;usage,&quot; as in &quot;linguistic usage&quot;?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29096" CreationDate="2019-04-09T06:07:31.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;English &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;usage&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The action of using something or the fact of being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=bBV63BI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;uso&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The act of using [something].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T06:07:31.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-09T06:52:24.800" Score="8" ViewCount="646" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me da hoy por buscar el origen de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=5e1JoZ5&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;bla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; como onomatopeya usada &quot;repetida para imitar el ruido del habla ininterrumpida y previsible&quot;. Pensaba que sería una palabra con una larga trayectoria en el idioma, pero sorprendentemente (para mí) veo que es bastante reciente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el NTLLE no aparece. En 2001 se incorporó al diccionario la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/drae2001/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;blablablá&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;bla-bla-blá&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Y no fue hasta 2014 que se incorporó &lt;em&gt;bla&lt;/em&gt; a secas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el CORDE veo algunos casos, siendo el más antiguo de 1970: &lt;em&gt;Susan la escuchaba de memoria y se iba soplando tanto bla-bla-blá con sus palabritas en francés intercaladas de vez en cuando&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En la hemeroteca de la BNE veo un posible caso en 1955, pero es de una obra de acceso restringido y no puedo asegurarlo. Veo también algún que otro caso suelto en la década de 1960.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de americanismos&lt;/em&gt; define &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=blabl%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blablá&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; como de uso en varios países hispanoamericanos, con significados similares. Pero ignoro desde cuándo se usa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La web de &lt;em&gt;Etimologías de Chile&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;a href=&quot;http://etimologias.dechile.net/?blablabla.-&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;dice que&lt;/a&gt; los grupos &lt;em&gt;bl&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;br&lt;/em&gt; se han empleado desde antiguo para designar un habla poco inteligible. Cita como ejemplos la palabra &lt;em&gt;bárbaro&lt;/em&gt; para designar al que tiene un habla incomprensible, y &lt;em&gt;balbuceo&lt;/em&gt; para aquel que dice cosas poco comprensibles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el diccionario etimológico abreviado de Corominas no aparece.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La web de Etymonline cita el origen del inglés &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/blah#etymonline_v_13565&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; hacia 1918 con el sentido de &quot;idle, meaningless talk&quot; (similar pues al sentido español), lo que puede indicar que la palabra se importó desde el inglés. Por las fechas podría coincidir con la apertura de España a la cultura inglesa en la década de 1960 (coincidiendo con Los Beatles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Fue así? ¿Es la onomatopeya &lt;em&gt;bla&lt;/em&gt; un anglicismo? ¿O es en realidad más antigua solo que no se registró por escrito hasta en años recientes? ¿Cuándo y cómo se introdujo al español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-12-05T15:02:40.300" Title="Origen de &quot;bla&quot; como onomatopeya en español" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;onomatopeyas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3959" CreationDate="2019-04-09T11:34:06.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, pero...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La letra O proviene del dibujo de un ojo. Según &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;la Wikipedia inglesa&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Its graphic form has remained fairly constant from Phoenician times until today. The name of the Phoenician letter was ʿeyn, meaning &quot;eye&quot;, and indeed its shape originates simply as a drawing of a human eye (possibly inspired by the corresponding Egyptian hieroglyph, cf. Proto-Sinaitic script).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En la Wikipedia española aparece la evolución de la letra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gW5Ub.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gW5Ub.png&quot; alt=&quot;Evolución de la O&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A esto se le une el hecho de que la palabra latina &lt;em&gt;oculus&lt;/em&gt; proviene de una posible raíz proto-indo-europea &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/*okw-#etymonline_v_52718&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;*okw-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que significaría &quot;ver&quot;. Se cree que esta raíz dio también origen al proto-germánico &lt;em&gt;*augon&lt;/em&gt;, raíz del inglés &lt;em&gt;eye&lt;/em&gt;. Como ves, dicha raíz contiene el sonido &lt;em&gt;o&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, por una curiosa casualidad resulta que la palabra española para &lt;em&gt;ojo&lt;/em&gt; se compone realmente de dos ojos, alrededor de una letra que parece una nariz. Pero respondiendo a tu pregunta, no, la palabra &lt;em&gt;ojo&lt;/em&gt; no se derivó del hecho de que se asemeje a los ojos y la nariz, sino que derivó del latín &lt;em&gt;oculus&lt;/em&gt; como ya se ha notado en otras respuestas y comentarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T11:34:06.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-09T13:06:02.080" Score="11" ViewCount="2084" Body="&lt;p&gt;In computer science we are more or less used to the term &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/widget&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;widget&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An application, or a component of an interface, that enables a user to perform a function or access a service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user interface for the Stack Exchange sites hosts several of these widgets. The word is being used as is in Spanish, as the Spanish entry for the word is found &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widget&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;untranslated&lt;/a&gt; in the Wikipedia. Nonetheless, it offers an alternative in Spanish: &lt;em&gt;artilugio&lt;/em&gt;, which is the translation for &lt;em&gt;gadget&lt;/em&gt;, and is &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=3rqbNUf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;defined&lt;/a&gt; as &quot;mechanism, artifact&quot; among other meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better word in Spanish to convey what a &lt;em&gt;widget&lt;/em&gt; is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T01:40:22.547" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T00:35:28.507" Title="Spanish for &quot;widget&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29100" CreationDate="2019-04-09T13:06:02.080" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0m9nDrh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;adminículo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;adminicŭlum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Aquello que sirve de ayuda o auxilio para una cosa o intento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Something that serves as help or assistance for a thing or attempt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T13:06:02.080" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29100" CreationDate="2019-04-09T13:31:18.677" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando no quiero usar &lt;em&gt;widget&lt;/em&gt;, la palabra que uso es &lt;strong&gt;componente&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=A27vPdJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;componente&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adj. Que compone o entra en la composición de un todo. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El contexto se encarga de dejar claro que me refiero a un componente visual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tras evaluar la librería Javascript para la galería de imágenes, he creado un &lt;strong&gt;componente&lt;/strong&gt; GWT para que podáis incluirla en las pantallas que queráis sin necesidad de implementar lógica adicional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No quiero imaginar la cara que habrían puesto mis compañeros si en vez de componente hubiese usado &quot;adminículo&quot; — por correcta que sea :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T13:31:18.677" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22875" CreationDate="2019-04-09T14:18:22.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene del Euskera.&#xA;Corrupia  &amp;lt; *Korr *Oro *Beha&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;korr-oo-bia &gt; korropia / corrupia.&#xA;  Significado original:&#xA;  Kor: propenso, tendente&#xA;  Oro: todo, completo&#xA;  Beha: mirar, observar&#xA;  Kor oro beha: &#xA;  Tendencia a Observarlo Todo.&#xA;  O bien al revés (dudoso):&#xA;  Propenso a que todos le/la/lo observen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21576" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T14:18:22.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29100" CreationDate="2019-04-09T19:45:11.670" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may use &quot;control&quot; in some cases, in the senses 7 or 8 of what &lt;em&gt;Real Academia Española&lt;/em&gt; says (strongly related to 5):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=AeYZ09V&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Del fr. contrôle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Comprobación, inspección, fiscalización, intervención.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Dominio, mando, preponderancia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Oficina, despacho, dependencia, etc., donde se controla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. puesto de control.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Regulación, manual o automática, sobre un sistema.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. testigo (‖ muestra).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Mando o dispositivo de regulación.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. &lt;strong&gt;Tablero o panel donde se encuentran los mandos. U. m. en pl.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;m. Examen parcial para comprobar la marcha de los alumnos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example if you want to refer to sliders or other things that respond to user command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Argentina we tend to go with the english word (with spanglish accent, of course :P). Informally, I'd say &quot;coso&quot; or &quot;cosito&quot; (depending on the size of the widget, probably)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21582" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T19:45:11.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29106" CreationDate="2019-04-09T19:57:58.587" Score="5" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;V&lt;/code&gt; is pronounced &lt;code&gt;uve&lt;/code&gt;, then would it sound the same as &lt;code&gt;UB&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;u-be&lt;/code&gt;)? If that is the case, how do speakers disambiguate this possible confusion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21583" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T20:44:46.610" Title="Disambiguation of 'ub' and 'v' in acronyms?" Tags="&lt;pronunciación&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29105" CreationDate="2019-04-09T20:44:46.610" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A pause denotes a separate letter:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VIH: ube, i , hache&lt;br&gt;&#xA;UBA: u, be a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People often use whole words to denote letters when there is noise, or when talking over the phone: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valencia, Italia, Huelva&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uruguay, Barcelona, Almería&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also say ve-baja for v and be-alta for b.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17694" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T20:44:46.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29110" CreationDate="2019-04-10T10:04:49.500" Score="8" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel I must have heard this but am now not sure. Can I say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ancianos vivimos en regiones litorales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;assuming I am old myself of course. Possible options which occur to me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros ancianos vivimos en regiones litorales&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Nosotros, los ancianos, vivimos en regiones litorales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but neither of those sounds quite right to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T10:57:14.597" Title="Is it idiomatic to use a noun as the apparent subject of a first person plural?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29108" CreationDate="2019-04-10T10:31:21.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, of course. The sentence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ancianos vivimos en regiones litorales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is perfectly valid in Spanish and denotes that you are an old man yourself. In fact, your second other option is also quite right, but maybe a specific context is needed (it could work as part of a longer dialogue in a novel or such). The first one (&quot;nosotros anciamos vivimos&quot;) is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what the Spanish &lt;em&gt;Gramática&lt;/em&gt; says &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=pesqvoHAghXDFJCk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;about that&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;33.6j&lt;/strong&gt; Cuando la función de sujeto es desempeñada por grupos nominales en plural que designan personas (&lt;em&gt;los habitantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;las madres&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los docentes&lt;/em&gt;), la concordancia con el verbo puede establecerse en tercera persona del plural (&lt;em&gt;Los habitantes de las grandes ciudades viven en un continuo ajetreo&lt;/em&gt;), pero también en primera y segunda persona del plural (&lt;em&gt;Los habitantes de las grandes ciudades {vivimos ~ vivís} en un continuo ajetreo&lt;/em&gt;). [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;33.6k&lt;/strong&gt; La primera persona del plural implica [...] la INCLUSIÓN del hablante en el grupo designado por el sujeto. La segunda implica, paralelamente, la inclusión del oyente en ese mismo grupo. Ambas implicaciones desaparecen si la persona empleada es la tercera. [...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the function of the subject is performed by nominal groups in plural form that designate persons (&lt;em&gt;los habitantes&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;las madres&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;los docentes&lt;/em&gt;), the agreement with the verb can be established in the third person of the plural (&lt;em&gt;Los habitantes de las grandes ciudades viven en un continuo ajetreo&lt;/em&gt;), but also in the first and second person of the plural (&lt;em&gt;Los habitantes de las grandes ciudades {vivimos ~ vivís} en un continuo ajetreo&lt;/em&gt;). The first person of the plural implies the INCLUSION of the speaker in the group designated by the subject. The second implies, in parallel, the inclusion of the listener in that same group. Both implications disappear if the employed person is the third.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could also say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los ancianos viven en regiones litorales&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then you would be saying that you do not consider yourself part of the group of old men, or maybe you are an old man but you are stating that from an outside point of view, as in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La humanidad vive tiempos difíciles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-10T10:57:14.597" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T10:57:14.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29108" CreationDate="2019-04-10T10:44:05.950" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is OK:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los ancianos vivimos en regiones litorales.&lt;/em&gt; ✅&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nosotros, los ancianos, vivimos en regiones litorales.&lt;/em&gt; ✅&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is not (it looks like a direct calque from English):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nosotros ancianos vivimos en regiones litorales.&lt;/em&gt; ❌&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first two sentences are perfectly idiomatic. I believe that the second one should be written with those parenthetical commas but is in fact often not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The grammatical analysis of these constructions is subject to some debate. There's some material about it in the &lt;em&gt;Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española&lt;/em&gt; (NGLE), beginning at &lt;a href=&quot;http://aplica.rae.es/grweb/cgi-bin/v.cgi?i=SMVqJXklPhzIiJZm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;§33.6j&lt;/a&gt;. Some grammarians analyze these subjects as the sum of an implicit first person plural pronoun plus a &quot;covert specifying apposition&quot;, i.e. the first two sentences that I've marked as OK would be equivalent, the former having a hidden &lt;em&gt;nosotros&lt;/em&gt;, the latter making it explicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T10:44:05.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20730" CreationDate="2019-04-10T13:42:29.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Español hace más de 5 siglos que se usa la palabra podrido/a para referirse a algo que no esta corrompido. Un ejemplo es la receta llamada olla podrida, que es un plato contundente con gran cantidad de ingredientes desde ortaluzas a multiples piezas o elaboraciones carnicas. Se dice que en ese caso la denominación podrida derivaría de poderida (similar a empoderada) y haría referencia a la riqueza de productos en el plato. De similar modo, podrido de dinero hace referencia a la riqueza economica y ninguna relación tiene con la putrefacción. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21590" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T13:42:29.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23730" CreationDate="2019-04-10T14:45:34.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;He investigado más al respecto, y lo que pasa en este caso, es lo que se llama Eufonía, y en oposición a la cacofonía, se aplica en la lengua a la sonoridad de las palabras que los hablantes consideran agradable. En este caso, para evitar el hiato fonético que se produciría al decir &quot;la area&quot; o &quot;la agua&quot; por ello entonces, se dice &quot;el área&quot; y &quot;el agua&quot; para que suene bien (eufonía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18493" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T14:45:34.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29116" CreationDate="2019-04-10T15:12:07.123" Score="4" ViewCount="1259" Body="&lt;p&gt;No he podido encontrar la significación de la palabra &quot;retebién&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estoy leyendo el libro &lt;em&gt;Los Detectives Salvajes&lt;/em&gt;. Ahí leí esta frase: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nosotros también somos artistas, lo que pasa es que lo disimulamos &lt;strong&gt;retebién&lt;/strong&gt;, ¿no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Podría alguien explicarme esa palabra por favor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9014" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-10T20:59:35.403" LastActivityDate="2020-12-29T12:43:05.143" Title="¿Qué significa la palabra &quot;retebién&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;palabras-raras&gt;&lt;prefijos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29114" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-10T15:24:29.880" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my job, we work with customers calling into various businesses. All of the Spanish speakers are located in the United States, and they are mostly Mexican and Puerto Rican. However, we have a vendor in both Barranquilla and Bogota Colombia. They are having trouble with certain words and slang that the customers use, which results in lower quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuota&quot; is being used as &quot;quote&quot;, the people in Colombia are understanding it as &quot;fee&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuenta&quot; is used as &quot;account&quot;, the Colombians are understanding it as &quot;bill&quot; and &quot;balance&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Factura&quot; is used as &quot;bill&quot;, and people in Colombia are interpreting it as &quot;balance&quot; or an inquiry of how much they owe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the main ones, and I am trying to come up with more examples so the people in Colombia won't be confused. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some examples of Mexican/Puerto Rican Business Spanish that is different from Colombian Spanish? Mainly having to do with electric bills, accounts, payments, and balance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself don't speak Spanish, so this has been a difficult obstacle for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21591" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-10T21:04:35.407" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T22:26:27.973" Title="Business Spanish (Mexican and Puerto Rican vs. Colombian)" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;hispanoamérica&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29113" CreationDate="2019-04-10T15:35:24.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=WGirRmb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;rete-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pref.&lt;/code&gt; Denota 'intensificación'. &lt;em&gt;Retebueno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más información: &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/rete-retebien-retebonito.2219794/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/rete-retebien-retebonito.2219794/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T15:35:24.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29100" CreationDate="2019-04-10T17:37:32.133" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Costa Rica they use “chunche” which means “thingamajig”. That will at least get you by, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;(first, grassyass for the negative vote)&#xA;I got to thinking how I was introduced to the word in regards to manufacturing of any small device and came back and googled &quot;the origin of the word widget&quot;.&#xA;noun INFORMAL&#xA;noun: widget; plural noun: widgets&#xA;a small gadget or mechanical device, especially one whose name is unknown or unspecified.&#xA;COMPUTING&#xA;an application, or a component of an interface, that enables a user to perform a function or access a service.&#xA;Origin&#xA;1930s: perhaps an alteration of gadget.&#xA;Translate widget to Spanish:&#xA;&quot;widget&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, on down the page I found more verification that the word originated to describe a mechanical thingy, even though currently used as a term for a computer item (which I guess was the original question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&#xA;Jump to navigationJump to search&#xA;    Look up widget in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.&#xA;The word widget is a placeholder name for an object or, more specifically, a mechanical or other manufactured device. It is an abstract unit of production.[1] The Oxford English Dictionary defines it as &quot;An indefinite name for a gadget or mechanical contrivance, esp. a small manufactured item&quot; and dates this use back to 1931. It states that the origin is &quot;perhaps U.S.&quot; and for etymology suggests that it may be a variant of gadget.[2] However, the term also appears earlier in George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart's 1924 play Beggar on Horseback.[3]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General Motors Corporation sponsored a short film in 1939, &quot;Round and Round&quot;, which features widgets throughout.[4][5]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When discussing a hypothetical situation, the term is used to represent any type of personal property, with the corresponding term Blackacre used to represent any type of real property. In such use, the widget or Blackacre has whatever characteristics are relevant to the scenario. So, if the object being discussed needs to be a liquid, then the widget is liquid. If it needs to be light, heavy, manufactured, naturally occurring or whatever, the widget has the necessary characteristics. In technology, the term has a variant, gigawidget, which is used to describe an object that is fictitious. The term is also used for obfuscation, if the object's real technology, composition, or purpose is unknown.[6]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage&#xA;&quot;Widget&quot; is used in texts and speech, especially in the context of accounting, to indicate a hypothetical &quot;any-product&quot;. Companies in such texts will frequently be given names such as &quot;ABC Widgets&quot; or &quot;Acme Widget Corp.&quot; to indicate that the particular business of the hypothetical company is not relevant to the topic of discussion.[7]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16931" LastEditorUserId="16931" LastEditDate="2019-04-12T00:35:28.507" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T00:35:28.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29113" CreationDate="2019-04-10T18:23:52.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;El prefijo &lt;strong&gt;re, rete o requete&lt;/strong&gt;, se utiliza en algunos adjetivos calificativos. Su significado es para expresar una mayor expresión al adjetivo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bueno - &lt;strong&gt;rebueno&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;retebueno&lt;/strong&gt; - significa que algo esta muy bueno.&#xA;Bien - &lt;strong&gt;rebien&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;retebien&lt;/strong&gt; - significa que algo esta muy bien.&#xA;Sabroso - &lt;strong&gt;resabroso&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;retesabroso&lt;/strong&gt; - significa que algo esta muy sabroso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Espero te sirva mi explicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21594" LastEditorUserId="33" LastEditDate="2019-04-10T21:52:12.317" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T21:52:12.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2019-04-10T22:26:27.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Mexico I can tell below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuota&quot; means &quot;fee&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;quote&quot; we call it &quot;cotización&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cuenta&quot; is also used as &quot;account&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;bill&quot; we call it &quot;recibo&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;balance&quot; same as in english, &quot;balance&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Factura&quot; means &quot;Invoice&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11489" LastActivityDate="2019-04-10T22:26:27.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29073" CreationDate="2019-04-11T02:31:26.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to explain Gustavson's answer in English, in case that makes it clearer for you (and perhaps for others who might come across this question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In English, one would use a possessive pronoun, and talk about &quot;&lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; belly.&quot;  But in Spanish, generally one doesn't do that -- instead, one uses the definite article, &quot;el vientre.&quot;  So then, if we want to personalize that belly, and make it clear whom it belongs to, then we stick this little indirect pronoun in there: &quot;Se te mueve el vientre | Your belly moves.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Te duele mucho el brazo? | Does your arm hurt a lot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T02:31:26.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29077" CreationDate="2019-04-11T02:43:31.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to contribute a simpler answer to match the level of the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish, like in English, you conjugate the first verb and leave the second one in the infinitive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quiero viajar a Londres.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Viajar&lt;/strong&gt; is the infinitive form.  In English the infinitive is &quot;to travel.&quot;  (I want &lt;strong&gt;to travel&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &quot;he viajado&quot; is a past tense form meaning &quot;I have traveled.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T02:43:31.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29123" CreationDate="2019-04-11T12:23:55.700" Score="7" ViewCount="4360" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo la primera entrada para cachorro en el DLE parece que dicha palabra sería una opción:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6YX4L3h&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cachorro, rra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;catŭlus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. y f. Cría del perro y de algunos mamíferos, como el león, el lobo, el oso, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero, algunos de los ejemplos allí listados tienen su propio término para designar a las crías:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lobo&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NXQmVb8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lobezno&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NXAFshA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lobato&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oso&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=RHyuQpq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Osezno&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y otros que encontré:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perro&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SiT2gTE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perrezno&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jabalí&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=MG9BR5A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jabato&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Existe algún término que sea específico para la cría de ratón?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T23:50:53.153" Title="¿Cómo se le dice a la cría de un ratón?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29122" CreationDate="2019-04-11T12:45:16.360" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No parece que haya un término para designar a las crías de ningún roedor, ni en general ni en particular. Lo más que he encontrado es esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=YPacBFt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sorce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;sorex&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;-ĭcis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. desus. Ratón pequeño.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tan en desuso que en el CORDE solo hay casos de alrededor del año 1400. El caso es que no designa a las crías, sino a ratones de tamaño pequeño. Así que me temo que habrá que usar el genérico &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=BFmdoU8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cría&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También podríamos echar mano de los sufijos. Existen dos documentados:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4GZKKGk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ato&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-ātus&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;-ātum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Aplicado a nombres de animales, designa la cría. &lt;em&gt;Cervato, ballenato.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=HQyYOIe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ezno, na&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;-icĭnus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;suf. Se aplica a nombres de animales para construir otros sustantivos, frecuentemente con valor diminutivo, que designan la cría. &lt;em&gt;Lobezno, osezno, pavezno.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema es que ni &lt;em&gt;ratonato&lt;/em&gt; ni &lt;em&gt;ratonezno&lt;/em&gt; parecen tener mucho tirón lingüístico. Por lo que otra sugerencia sería usar un diminutivo genérico: &lt;em&gt;ratoncillo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque no tiene que ver con la pregunta, no puedo dejar de mencionar lo que dice Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611 sobre los ratones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RATON, animal sucio que suele engendrarse de la corrupcion, aunque tambien se multiplica por generacion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vamos, que los ratones pueden o bien aparearse y tener crías, o bien aparecer espontáneamente en cualquier sitio donde haya suciedad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T13:37:13.207" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T13:37:13.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29122" CreationDate="2019-04-11T14:35:09.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar al desusado &lt;em&gt;sorce&lt;/em&gt;, en Cuba, puede decir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Jmz45mT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;guayabito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;pre&gt;m. &lt;I&gt;Cuba.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/pre&gt; Ratón pequeño.&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T14:35:09.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29126" CreationDate="2019-04-11T17:10:24.220" Score="6" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to clarify the meaning of the structure &lt;em&gt;no tener que + verb&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I say the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo que salir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one of the following does the statement above mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't have to leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have to not leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first situation, I am expressing that I don't have to leave meaning that I can stay if I wanted to, whereas in the second situation I am expressing that I have to stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, my question is which part gets negated, the &amp;quot;have to&amp;quot; or the &amp;quot;verb&amp;quot; that comes after?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21210" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T11:41:15.897" Title="Negation of “tener que”" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29125" CreationDate="2019-04-11T18:09:23.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;No tengo que salir&amp;quot; is ambiguous in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may mean lack of necessity or lack of obligation (I'd venture to say this meaning is more usual):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't have/need to leave.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or negative obligation or prohibition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I mustn't leave.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context will define the correct meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Por suerte&lt;/strong&gt; no tengo que salir. (Lack of obligation/necessity)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No tengo que salir &lt;strong&gt;bajo ningún concepto&lt;/strong&gt;. (Prohibition)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the prohibition meaning, other forms will be more usual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No debo salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Está prohibido que salga.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No me permiten salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tengo prohibido salir.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No puedo salir. (Where &amp;quot;no puedo&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;I'm not allowed to&amp;quot;. This sentence is also ambiguous, allowing for an incapacity meaning: &amp;quot;I'm unable to&amp;quot;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T11:41:15.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29088" CreationDate="2019-04-11T19:24:34.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Sí&quot; with the accent does indeed mean &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;, and &quot;si&quot; without the accent does indeed mean &lt;em&gt;itself&lt;/em&gt;, etc.  However, &quot;sí&quot; with the accent can be used for something else entirely: &lt;strong&gt;to provide emphasis&lt;/strong&gt;.  In English, &quot;does&quot; is sometimes used to provide emphasis as well, but obviously the part of speech is different, and they do not match up perfectly one to one for all sentences.  Here is a dictionary entry for this use of &quot;sí&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/spanish-english/s%C3%AD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Collins' second entry&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(uso enfático)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a.(en oposición a una negación)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ellos no van pero nosotros sí: they’re not going but we are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;él no quiere pero yo sí: he doesn’t want to but I do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no tiene hermanos, pero sí dos hermanas: he doesn’t have any brothers&#xA;  but he does have two sisters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿a que no eres capaz? —¿a que sí?: “I bet you can’t” — “do you want a&#xA;  bet?” (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—yo eso no me lo creo —¡que sí, hombre!: “I can’t believe that” — “I’m&#xA;  telling you, it’s true”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;un sábado sí y otro no: every other Saturday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;▪ IDIOM: por sí o por no: in any case ⧫ just in case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;▪ IDIOM: un sí es no es: somewhat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;resulta un sí es no es artificioso: it is somewhat contrived&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b.(en oraciones afirmativas)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;vimos que sí, que era el mismo hombre: we saw that it was indeed the&#xA;  same man&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ahí sí me duele: it definitely hurts there ⧫ that’s where it hurts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apenas tienen para comer, pero eso sí, el tabaco no les falta: they&#xA;  hardly have enough money for food, but they’re certainly never short&#xA;  of cigarettes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ya llevamos aquí una semana, ¿a que sí, Luisa?: we’ve been here a week&#xA;  now, isn’t that right, Luisa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ella sí vendrá: she’ll certainly come&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sí que:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pero nosotros sí que lo oímos: but we certainly heard it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sí que me lo dijo: (yes) he did tell me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¡pues sí que estoy yo para bromas!: (ironic) this is a great time for&#xA;  jokes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eso sí que no:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;me piden que traicione a mis amigos y eso sí que no(informal):  they’re&#xA;  asking me to betray my friends and that’s just not on (informal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿puedo hacer unas fotos? —¡ah, no, eso sí que no!: “can I take some&#xA;  photos?” — “no, absolutely not!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;eso sí que no se puede aguantar: that is just unbearable ⧫ I just can’t&#xA;  stand that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;▪ IDIOM: porque sí&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no se hacen ricos porque sí, sino a base de arriesgar mucho: they don’t&#xA;  get rich just like that, they have to take a lot of risks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no vamos a la huelga porque sí: we’re not going on strike just for the&#xA;  sake of it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—¿por qué yo? —pues porque sí: “why me?” — “(just) because!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T19:24:34.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29128" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29185" CreationDate="2019-04-11T23:26:37.830" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the following phrase on &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte_mexicano&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A pesar de del apoyo del gobierno y los temas nacionalistas, los artistas nativos estaban un poco más a favor de los europeos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I originally assumed that the &quot;de del&quot; was a typo, but I've found a fair number of other examples by Googling, so now I'm not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T03:24:34.020" Title="Is &quot;a pesar de del&quot; a typo?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29125" CreationDate="2019-04-12T02:36:24.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Beginners will do fine learning the following two structures as negations of &quot;Tengo que salir&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No [me] hace falta salir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &lt;em&gt;I don't have to leave&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;There's no need to leave&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No hay que salir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &lt;em&gt;I must not leave&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;I better not leave.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T02:36:24.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29131" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-12T06:13:34.143" Score="12" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Spanish language you can say &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=N8f20Hk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dormir como un leño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, an expression used when someone sleeps very soundly. You can also say &lt;em&gt;dormir como un tronco&lt;/em&gt;, mixing another similar expression: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=amwpZjT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estar hecho un tronco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, with the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know by a Beatles song that the exact same expression does exist in English: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sleep_like_a_log_(or_top)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sleep like a log&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, with the exact same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, does the Spanish expression come from the English language or maybe another one? Or is it the other way round? I'm curious so since when has been the Spanish expression &lt;em&gt;dormir como un leño&lt;/em&gt; used? Does it come indeed from another language, or is it our own creation and the similarities are just a coincidence? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oldest case found so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;De que's en la cama&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  duerme como un leño,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  bien harto de migas&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  bruxo çahareño [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Juan de Timoneda, &quot;Cancionero llamado Sarao de amor&quot;, 1561 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/493590/280768&quot;&gt;Related question&lt;/a&gt; in the English Language site.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En español:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En español existe la expresión &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=N8f20Hk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;dormir como un leño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que se emplea cuando uno duerme profundamente. También empleo a veces &lt;em&gt;dormir como un tronco&lt;/em&gt;, mezclando la expresión similar &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=amwpZjT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;estar hecho un tronco&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;estar profundamente dormido&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El caso es que por cierta canción de Los Beatles sé que en inglés también existe la misma expresión: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sleep_like_a_log_(or_top)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;sleep like a log&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, y con el mismo significado: &quot;dormir muy profundamente&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, me preguntaba si la expresión podría ser un anglicismo, o provenir de algún otro idioma, o tal vez al revés. ¿Desde cuándo se usa la expresión &lt;em&gt;dormir como un leño&lt;/em&gt; en español? ¿Podría provenir de la expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;sleep like a log&lt;/em&gt;? ¿O tal vez de otro idioma con una expresión similar? ¿O es solo coincidencia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-09-09T11:30:40.093" LastActivityDate="2020-02-22T12:46:02.860" Title="Origin of &quot;dormir como un leño&quot; in Spanish" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-12T08:18:34.687" Score="7" ViewCount="1824" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se puede ver en esta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/23002/c%C3%B3mo-se-puede-traducir-lure/23124#23124&quot;&gt;respuesta&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;engatusar&lt;/em&gt; significa:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Ganar la voluntad de alguien con halagos para conseguir de él algo&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se me viene a la idea un gato jugando con su presa ratón pero no me cuadra porque allí no se está empleando ningún engaño, ya para ese momento es demasiado tarde.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-12T08:53:19.770" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T08:53:19.770" Title="¿Cuál es el origen de la palabra &quot;engatusar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;significado&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29132" CreationDate="2019-04-12T08:41:54.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pues no vas desencaminado. Según el DLE, la palabra &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=FMaToZa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;engatusar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; viene de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=FMOYtCw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;engatar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, con el mismo significado de &quot;engañar halagando&quot;, y esta de &lt;em&gt;en-&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;gato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dice Covarrubias en su diccionario de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ENGATAR, vale comunmente engañar, tomada la comparacion del gato, quando quiere asir al raton.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La voz &lt;em&gt;engatusar&lt;/em&gt; aparece registrada en 1732 en el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, por lo que es un poco más tardía que &lt;em&gt;engatar&lt;/em&gt;, registrada según Corominas en 1601. Corominas también afirma que la voz pudo surgir confundida con el antiguo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=F2j2OJw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;encatusar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, derivado de &lt;em&gt;encantar&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;engañar con brujerías&quot;, registrada en 1534), la propia voz &lt;em&gt;engatar&lt;/em&gt;, y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=FLOFFSG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;engaratusar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;engañar con halagos&quot;, derivada de &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=IsamF6g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;garatusa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;carantoña&quot;, registrada en 1509). Finaliza diciendo que resulta pues de &quot;&lt;em&gt;engaratusar&lt;/em&gt; bajo el influjo de &lt;em&gt;engatar&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-12T08:47:45.893" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T08:47:45.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4609" CreationDate="2019-04-12T09:43:29.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;And sometimes &amp;quot;now&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;¿Cúando vas a ir?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Ya.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When are you going to go?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember not to translate the word, but the idea that conveys the word. In the case of &amp;quot;ya&amp;quot; it is specially difficult because the word &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=c8KthXc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;can be used to&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about past times. &lt;em&gt;Ya hemos hablado de eso.&lt;/em&gt; (We've already talk about that.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about the present. &lt;em&gt;¡Aumento de salarios, ya!&lt;/em&gt; (Salary raise, now!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about the present in relation with the past. &lt;em&gt;Tenía mucho dinero, pero ya es pobre.&lt;/em&gt; (He had a lot of money, now he's a poor man.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about the future. &lt;em&gt;Ya hablaremos de eso.&lt;/em&gt; (We'll discuss that some day.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Concede o support something said. &lt;em&gt;Ah, ya entiendo.&lt;/em&gt; (Oh, I see.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Distribute sentences. &lt;em&gt;Ya con gozo, ya con dolor.&lt;/em&gt; (Be it with joy or with pain.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you need to do is understand the context and the usage of the word in Spanish, and try to express the same idea in English, regardless of the words used in the original sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T09:43:29.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="814" CreationDate="2019-04-12T17:05:32.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Estimated reading time: &lt;strong&gt;20 minutes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You'll now find a TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt; for this answer, but you'll have to work for it by scrolling to the bottom of this answer to see it.  JSYK, though, this answer is organized into relatively short sections containing images and formatted text designed to make it easier and more enjoyable for you to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer to your question:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;No, it is not advisable to use &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; when you really mean &amp;quot;millones&amp;quot; and vice versa (if the purpose is to avoid confusion).&lt;/strong&gt;  If you want to underestimate or exaggerate, well, that's a different story.  Apart from that, many good answers from what appear to be native speakers have already chimed in on &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; versus &amp;quot;millón,&amp;quot; and in my mind, it has been sufficiently answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will add that I wish you would have given actual examples with cited sources so that those attempting to answer your question could have assessed whether or not the Spanish you saw used had been used correctly.  On at least one occasion I've posted a question about Spanish based off of something I had incorrectly assumed was standard usage/practice, when in reality, it wasn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not everything you hear or read in Spanish is a correct usage of it.  Honing your ability to evaluate and question sources is a good habit that, while never completely perfected, will serve you well in many areas of life.  If ever in doubt, you can always find good resources like the Spanish Stack Exchange to help you evaluate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My answer here,&lt;/strong&gt; since I feel &amp;quot;millar vs. millón&amp;quot; has been sufficiently addressed, simply recaps some of what has already been written, but mainly &lt;strong&gt;focuses on what distinguishes &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;from &amp;quot;millares.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Definitions of &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I go any further, I want to lay down some basic definitions of these two words and I'm going to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to do that. I'm also going to focus on just &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; because I think enough clarification has been given to put &amp;quot;millón&amp;quot; in a category all its own.  Below is a chart of meanings straight from the &lt;em&gt;DLE&lt;/em&gt;, but translated into English with a mix of the embedded Chrome translation tool and my knowledge of Spanish.  I only focused on those meanings that provided an opportunity to compare and contrast one word with the other.  If you want to see the full set, click on these: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PENxPxR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PG685o5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;millar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/OMac47e.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some notes on the table above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; are derived from different Latin words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; is used as both an adjective and a noun (and sometimes&#xA;pronoun); &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; is only used as a noun&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; is not used as an exact figure, but &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; is&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;both can mean &amp;quot;big, indeterminate number,&amp;quot; but when &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; means this,&#xA;it is an adjective and when &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; means this, it is a noun&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you want to convey &amp;quot;a thousand years&amp;quot; using &amp;quot;millar,&amp;quot; you must&#xA;insert a &amp;quot;de&amp;quot; in between &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;años&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you want to convey &amp;quot;a thousand years&amp;quot; using &amp;quot;mil,&amp;quot; simply write&#xA;&amp;quot;mil años&amp;quot;; no indefinite article is needed before it and no&#xA;preposition should be inserted between &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;años&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; is to &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; what &amp;quot;cien&amp;quot; is to &amp;quot;centenar&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like I said, after looking at these definitions and reading through this thread, I feel as if I've got a good idea of when to use &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; and when to use &amp;quot;millón.&amp;quot;  The tricky thing that remains for me still is when to use &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; rather than &amp;quot;millar.&amp;quot;  And if it still isn't quite clear to me, I imagine it might not be clear to you or someone else who has wondered how these two words can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A recap of previous answers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize that the differences between &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;mil&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;millar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; have been touched on somewhat in this thread and I appreciate and value the comments that have been previously made, but I can see how they might confuse a student of Spanish and I'd like to help clear things up in some small way if I can.  Before I add my two cents, let me recap what has been mentioned already:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... theoretically both could be used interchangeably.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is a more learned, even a bit snobbish word ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... I wouldn't use [millares] in everyday language, except if I wanted to give emphasis to the idea of a big number.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common in written media ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;En plural ambos términos son sustantivos perfectamente sinónimos ...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... en singular «mil» es un número cardinal especial ... mientras que «millar» solo es un sustantivo, de modo que en singular no siempre son intercambiables.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I comment on any of the above, I should mention that I am not a native speaker of Spanish.  However, I have taken some time to study these words a bit more thoroughly.  After having done so, I have personally observed, through online sources, precisely what has already been claimed in this thread, with a couple of exceptions.  First, I haven't noticed that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common in written media (not nowadays, anyway) and second, I don't know that I'd consider usage of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;snobby,&amp;quot; but I'll get to this second point in a bit.  Let's focus on whether or not &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common in written media first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I go any further, I have to admit that I'm not sure what, exactly, was compared in the statement &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common in written media&lt;/em&gt;.  It certainly couldn't have meant that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common than &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;miles&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; in written media (not in recent times anyway).  In fact, I've found quite the opposite to be true.  A quick Google search with a &amp;quot;News&amp;quot; filter will show that &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;biw=2076&amp;amp;bih=513&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=nws&amp;amp;ei=4-qvXJznBI_cswW73pmADQ&amp;amp;q=%22miles%22&amp;amp;oq=%22miles%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...2103.3386.0.3622.7.7.0.0.0.0.150.983.0j7.7.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.lCmFPR7Z37k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;miles&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; is more than 500 times more common than &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;biw=2076&amp;amp;bih=513&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=nws&amp;amp;ei=zOqvXJy8NdH0swWx95zoDQ&amp;amp;q=%22millares%22&amp;amp;oq=%22millares%22&amp;amp;gs_l=psy-ab.3...19123.19427.0.21191.2.2.0.0.0.0.144.284.0j2.2.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.reQMnXL3TGE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to be fair to raven (the Stack Exchange user who makes the claim that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more common in written media), perhaps what s/he meant was that if you're going to see &amp;quot;millares,&amp;quot; you're more likely to see it in print (or electrons), than you are to hear it over the airwaves (or in speech/colloquial usage).  Or perhaps s/he meant there was a time when &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; was more frequent in written media than it is now.  Both of those statements would be true and I'll tell you why I think that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the resources I used to research this question was the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/crea&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual (CREA)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and when I took a look at the results from this data bank more closely, there appeared to be some evidence that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is less frequently found in speech because the ratio of &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; with an &amp;quot;Oral&amp;quot; filter clearly favored &amp;quot;miles,&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;but much more so&lt;/em&gt; than it did when filtering for written media (the ratio of cases was 2.3:1 with a filter for oral sources and just 1.2:1 using filters for written sources).  If you want to know more about CREA's oral data bank, click &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/crea-oral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  In addition to that, there appeared to be evidence, from more than one source [i.e., the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/recursos/banco-de-datos/corde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corpus Diacrónico del Español (CORDE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/info&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google Ngram Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;], that there was a time when &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; was more frequent than &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;  But keep reading because I go into more detail on that in a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/iNmygip.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now, let me just say that, overall, in today's times, you will find &amp;quot;miles,&amp;quot; in both writing and speech, far more often than you will &amp;quot;millares.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, if you think that the instances of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in oral sources may be references to surnames or place names, they aren't. Here is just one example from oral sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... las llamas funerarias de Indira Gandhi se elevaron hacia el cielo, ante la mirada de varios &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de sus conciudadanos y de más de un centenar de dignatarios extranjeros, entre los que se hallaban el presidente del Gobierno español, Felipe González, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— From Informe Semanal, 03/11/84, TVE 1.  España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But apart from that, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collocation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;collocations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; I found certainly indicate that these two words — miles and millares — are very semantically similar and, therefore, are perfectly interchangeable in most situations.  (Both raven and Fran have also mentioned that these two words are interchangeable.)  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/mvdmEEd.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Please note that one of the collocations is not in the plural — millar de dólares.  You will find it in the plural — millares de dólares — but it seems to be far less common and you'll find &amp;quot;millar de dólares&amp;quot; much more frequently than &amp;quot;millares de dólares,&amp;quot; in online news articles, especially those from more reputable news outlets.  But having said that, note that &amp;quot;millar de dólares&amp;quot; is not always the same thing as &amp;quot;millares de dólares.&amp;quot;  It looks as if the former can mean &amp;quot;a thousand dollars&amp;quot; (as in &amp;quot;más de un millar de dólares&amp;quot;) and the latter means &amp;quot;thousands of dollars.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You can see more examples by using this tool &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linguatools.de/kollokationen-es/bolls/search?commit=Search+Collocations%21&amp;amp;page=7&amp;amp;query=millares+OR+miles&amp;amp;utf8=%E2%9C%93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  (If you use BOOLEAN search operators to search for more than one word at a time, the more frequent collocations will be returned first.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I researched this question, I encountered a couple of good &lt;strong&gt;teaching points&lt;/strong&gt; along the way and already included some of them earlier on, but this would be a good place to mention them again, expressing them as I found them in a discussion thread.  In one of the threads I came across, a contributor wrote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No puedes decir &amp;quot;Cerca de un mil de personas&amp;quot; , has de decir &amp;quot;Cerca de un millar de personas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to which another added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pero si puedes decir &amp;quot;cerca de mil personas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to which another wrote this in response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;no puedes decir &amp;quot;cerca de millar personas&amp;quot;, tienes que decir &amp;quot;cerca de mil personas&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boiled down, this means &amp;quot;un&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; come before &amp;quot;millar,&amp;quot; but it &lt;em&gt;must not&lt;/em&gt; precede &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; (if &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; is followed by a noun it is modifying and this is true even if you're saying something like &amp;quot;more than a thousand dollars&amp;quot; which would be &lt;em&gt;más de mil dólares&lt;/em&gt; rather than &lt;em&gt;más de &lt;strong&gt;un&lt;/strong&gt; mil dólares&lt;/em&gt;).  And lastly, the word &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; cannot be followed by a noun unless the noun is preceded by &amp;quot;de.&amp;quot;  You can read the entire thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forocoches.com/foro/showthread.php?t=2107173&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frequency&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it hasn't already been mentioned, &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is far less common than &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;  I found this to be true in books (as can be seen with the Google Ngram &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=mil%2C+millar%2C+miles%2C+millares&amp;amp;year_start=1800&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmil%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmillar%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmiles%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmillares%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), and Google searches, with or without filtering for &amp;quot;News&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Books.&amp;quot;  According to one frequency list, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;millar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; is ranked #&lt;strong&gt;25189&lt;/strong&gt; and &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt;,&amp;quot; #&lt;strong&gt;31546&lt;/strong&gt;, which means you are far more likely to encounter &amp;quot;gladiadores&amp;quot; (gladiators), &amp;quot;anticuerpos&amp;quot; (antibodies), and &amp;quot;pajaritos&amp;quot; (little birds) than you are &amp;quot;millar&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;millares.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already provided a link to the Google Ngram and because nothing about it seemed all that remarkable (it just kind of looked like what a lot of people would expect), I didn't use it as an image in this answer, but when I pulled out &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millar,&amp;quot; the graph suddenly got interesting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/kAHf6Gy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frequency in context&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For whatever reason, &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; was more frequent than &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; during the 18th and 19th centuries and then, all of a sudden, &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; took a sudden swing downward and &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; took a sudden swing upward.  I tried to see why this might be by taking a look at the CORDE.  What I was able to uncover from this data bank did not reveal the reason behind this abrupt pattern change, but the pattern was mirrored somewhat.  My CORDE search of &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; returned more instances of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; (not by much, but still there were more).  CREA results, on the other hand, were clearly in favor of &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;  These results were laid out earlier in this answer, but if you don't want to scroll back up, you can click &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/iNmygip.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, after I took a look at the CORDE results side by side like &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/SraYsPj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, I pasted them into a spreadsheet to use Excel's computation functions to compare percentages.  You can see what I discovered by viewing the chart below.  Using the first row as an example, the figure in the &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; column indicates that 17.56% of the cases (or instances) in which &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is found (relevant to other instances of it) can be categorized as &amp;quot;prosa religiosa.&amp;quot;  The difference between this percentage and the one for &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; (4.68%), in this same category, is 275% (almost three times as prevalent in that category).  Beginning with &amp;quot;prosa de sociedad,&amp;quot; the percentage in the last column indicates how much greater the percentage difference is for &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; compared to &amp;quot;millares.&amp;quot;  The average of percentage difference greater for &amp;quot;millares,&amp;quot; overall, is 101%; it is just 50% for &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time span for these results is 1495–1970.  As has already been mentioned, frequencies for &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; changes at the beginning of the 20th century and from about 1920 on, &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; is more frequent than &amp;quot;millares,&amp;quot; and by 1970, &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; is more frequent than &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; by about 3:1 (according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=miles%2Cmillares&amp;amp;year_start=1500&amp;amp;year_end=2008&amp;amp;corpus=10&amp;amp;smoothing=3&amp;amp;share=&amp;amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmiles%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmillares%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Cmiles%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmillares%3B%2Cc0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google's Ngram Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/AegqyAh.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I was able to compare percentages, I could see some notable differences right away.  For starters, &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; did not show up at all in the category &amp;quot;Prosa jurídica&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; did not show up at all in the category &amp;quot;Verso narrativo.&amp;quot;&#xA;While that and other aspects of this comparison may be interesting, the results didn't explain the abrupt pattern change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a peek at the excerpts from these documents CORDE provides did help address one of the points made in this thread — the point that was made about &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; being, &amp;quot;snobbish.&amp;quot;  Even before the CORDE search, I don't know that I would have described the use of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;snobbish,&amp;quot; but I do think it's true that you will find it tends to be used in more eloquent, or even just serious, types of writing.  In other words, I don't think you're going to find it too often in a tweet or a Facebook post, but you &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; find it used in several different types of publications covering various types of topics, usually in a serious, matter-of-fact, and/or descriptive type of way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then again, the mere word &amp;quot;thousands&amp;quot; is often used in similar ways in English.  Just think about the phrase &amp;quot;couple of dollars&amp;quot; and then compare it to &amp;quot;thousands of dollars.&amp;quot;  Just the sheer magnitude of the latter phrase alone implies something of far greater importance.  Is &amp;quot;thousands of dollars&amp;quot; snobbier than &amp;quot;couple of dollars?&amp;quot;  Perhaps, and maybe a fairer comparison would be &amp;quot;two dollars&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;a couple,&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;a thousand&amp;quot; versus &amp;quot;a grand,&amp;quot; even though &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; isn't informal/colloquial/slang for &amp;quot;millares,&amp;quot; but I think you get my point, which is this: Whether you're using &amp;quot;millar(es) de dólares&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;miles de dólares,&amp;quot; the amount alone elevates, to some degree, what it is you're talking or writing about.  And this is true whether or not you use &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; or whether or not you're talking about dollars or diamonds or donuts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now that I've seen these CORDE results, I have to confess: I don't see them as snobbish at all.  In fact, if the following examples are representative of the use of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in general, I don't even consider the use of this word &amp;quot;highbrow.&amp;quot;  Words such as &amp;quot;literary,&amp;quot; or, more vaguely, &amp;quot;formal,&amp;quot; would be a more accurate way to describe the uses of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in these examples.  Perhaps the mere use of the word is considered a snobbish choice, but, at least according to the examples I found, I don't think many would find the use of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in these examples &amp;quot;snobby.&amp;quot;  Rather than ponder what word best describes the usage of &amp;quot;millares,&amp;quot; let me just show you some of the categories and contexts &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; tends to be found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; by category&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prosa religiosa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aun hoy, después de tantos &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de años, parece la aurora la resurrección del universo, el rejuvenecimiento de la naturaleza y el despertar de la vida ...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &amp;quot;La vida de la Virgen&amp;quot;.  Antolín López Peláez.  España.  Sermon.  1916.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuántos &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de hombres se traga cada dia la mar?&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From Tratado de la Tribulación. Pedro de Ribadeneira.  España.  1589.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prosa histórica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para defender por agua la ciudad tenían &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de canoas y se ejercitaban frecuentemente en ese género de combates.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &lt;em&gt;Historia Antigua de México&lt;/em&gt;.  Francisco Javier Clavijero.  México.  1780.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero en esos pocos momentos, bajo los resplandores de las lámparas que iluminan la escalera, siento que se expande voluptuosamente toda mi personalidad. Al otro día, una partecilla de esta personalidad será comunicada, con mi artículo, a &lt;strong&gt;millares y millares&lt;/strong&gt; de lectores.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &lt;em&gt;Madrid&lt;/em&gt;.  Azorín (José Martínez Ruiz).  España.  1941.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verso lírico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como de niño tú no sabías existiera el tedio,&#xA;y eras todo asombro, inexperiencia, entusiasmo, afán de comprender,&#xA;así también seremos, una y mil veces, y &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; más, en la fuga&#xA;eterna de otras apariencias;&#xA;cada morir será un renacer henchido de ilusiones...&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &lt;em&gt;Cantos del otro yo&lt;/em&gt;.  Álvaro Armando Vasseur.  Uruguay.  1909.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pasó por mi ventana&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;no sólo un ave del mar, sino &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y recogí las cartas que nadie lee y que ellas llevan&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;por las orillas del mundo, hasta perderlas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Y entonces, en cada una leía palabras tuyas&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y eran como las que yo escribo y sueño y canto,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y entonces decidí enviarte esta carta, que termino aquí&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;para mirar por la ventana el mundo que nos pertenece.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &amp;quot;Carta a Miguel Otero Silva en Caracas (1948),&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Canto general&lt;/em&gt;.  Pablo Neruda.  Chile.  1950.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prosa didáctica&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ateniéndose a esta argumentación, que no nos toca ahora discutir, el lexicógrafo francés eligió unos dos &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de palabras, de esas que según él no se apartan nunca del concepto que representan, y a continuación de cada una fué reuniendo todos los vocablos emparentados con ella, sea por asociación de ideas, hábito de lenguaje, relación de causa a efecto, instrumento, etc.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From Discurso de recepción ante la Real Academia Española. Nuevo concepto del diccionario de la lengua.  Julio Casares.  España.  1921.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nuestra vista descubre algunos &lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt; de estrellas entre las cuales unas brillan con vivo centelleo: estas estrellas se consideran soles como el que ilumina nuestros días. Por centenas de millones debemos contar los soles los cuales se verán rodeados como el nuestro de otros astros secundarios que son los planetas.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &lt;em&gt;La escuela práctica: obra destinada a promover la enseñanza primaria moderna mediante ejercicios&lt;/em&gt;.  Juan Beneham.  España.  2003.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comparing use of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; to use of &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, I could keep going through the list or find examples of &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; to give you contrast, but I believe there's a character limit on these posts and there's only so many examples one can read before it becomes tedious.  So, on that note, I will simply leave you with one more example, as much to sate my curiosity as anything else.  For this last example, I'm going to try to find an example of &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;verso lírico&amp;quot; simply because this would seem to be where contrasts in usage might be most visible.  After all, who, but the poets of this world, choose words with exacting precision?  And with that, here's the example I've chosen to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En esta época florecen los cactus de la costa. Lejos de esta región, en los contrafuertes de la cordillera andina, los cactus se elevan gigantescos, estriados y espinosos, como columnas hostiles. Los cactus de la costa son pequeños y redondos. Ahora los vi coronarse cada uno con veinte botones escarlata, como si una mano hubiera dejado allí su tributo de sangre. Pero se abrieron y frente a las grandes espumas se divisan &lt;strong&gt;miles&lt;/strong&gt; de cactus encendidos por sus flores plenarias.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;— From &amp;quot;Isla Negra,&amp;quot; &lt;em&gt;Una casa en la arena&lt;/em&gt;.  Pablo Neruda.  Chile.  1966.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, I don't know that Pablo Neruda agonized over whether or not to use &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in the above passage.  Clearly, he does use both words in his writing.  But I encourage you to scroll back up and read again the earlier example I provided from Neruda.  This time read it out loud and then scroll back down and read this example out loud.  I'm no poet, but I think if you do that, you'll get a feel for why he used &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;no sólo un ave del mar; sino millares&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;miles de cactus.&amp;quot;  If the sound of these two passages out loud isn't enough, it may be helpful to remember what raven wrote in his/her answer — &lt;em&gt;I wouldn't use [millares] in everyday language, except if I wanted to give emphasis to the idea of a big number.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I don't know if Neruda gave much thought to whether or not he should use &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;  It could be that in the first example, his intention was to emphasize the quantity and, in the second, he may have been more focused on emphasizing something else or perhaps nothing at all.  Should the number of cacti be emphasized over anything else in that passage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I've said, I'm not a poet nor do I have much experience in critiquing the art form the most talented among them have perfected.  However, another possibility for why &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; is used here instead of &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is simply that this poem, &amp;quot;Isla Negra,&amp;quot; was written more than a decade after &amp;quot;Carta a Miguel Otero Silva en Caracas (1948).&amp;quot;  It may be that by this time &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; was falling out of favor and that this can even be seen in the work of poets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other views of &amp;quot;mil&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I've mentioned CREA, I feel as if I'd be cheating you out of knowing about a useful tool related to it, if I didn't also mention that it has what is called an &amp;quot;annotated version.&amp;quot;  The interface of this version of CREA allows you several more ways to splice and dice data for a word.  Rather than going into detail on that, I'll let you explore it yourself.  You can link to it &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CREA/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.  One of the useful features of this version is that it will create pie charts of your findings.  These pie charts provide additional details on various distribution parameters.  In other words, it shows you where you're most likely and least likely to encounter the word you've searched, geographically (by region/zone), politically (by country), temporally (by time period), and thematically or stylistically (by subject or genre of writing).  To show you what this looks like, I've laid down images of the subject pie charts for &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;millares.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/9pXfxTL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't contradict the findings I encountered earlier using the other version of CREA (mentioned in a previous section), but you can see that the categories are different.  Taking a look, specifically, at the charts above, you can see that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is more likely to be found in &amp;quot;Novelas&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Ciencias y tecnología&amp;quot; and this tendency is greater with &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; than it is for &amp;quot;miles.&amp;quot;  (By the way, before you get to the pie charts, you will see tables listing the number of frequencies by category, which also may be very useful to you.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the categories &amp;quot;Novelas&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Ciencias y tecnología&amp;quot; as a check, these figures show that &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is twice as likely to be found in &amp;quot;Novelas&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Ciencias y tecnología&amp;quot; whereas &amp;quot;miles&amp;quot; is only slightly more likely to be found in &amp;quot;Novelas&amp;quot; than in &amp;quot;Ciencias y tecnología.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll also find that these pie charts are quite interactive.  You can click on each section of the pie chart and it will take you to a listing of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordance_(publishing)#Use_in_linguistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;concordances&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for the word.  This page will also show you the number of cases (or instances of the word) and the number of documents it appears in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, if you'd like to explore this annotated version of CREA, click &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.frl.es/CREA/view/inicioExterno.view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final thing to keep in mind: &lt;strong&gt;When &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot; is capitalized,&lt;/strong&gt; it can also be a surname, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a municipality in Spain&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Millares&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;an ongoing excavation site&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; of a prehistoric town in what is now called Andalusia.  In fact, if you do an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?lr=lang_es&amp;amp;biw=2076&amp;amp;bih=513&amp;amp;tbs=lr%3Alang_1es&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=1&amp;amp;ei=2QiwXIH3D6S9ggel5qzoCQ&amp;amp;q=%22millares%22&amp;amp;oq=%22millares%22&amp;amp;gs_l=img.3..0j0i30l2j0i5i30j0i30l6.39887.39983..41040...0.0..0.123.244.0j2......1....1..gws-wiz-img.U-W68ZpW0rE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;image search using &amp;quot;millares&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as your search word, a lot of images appear to be some sort of reference to this excavation site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t use “millares” when you really mean “millones.”&lt;/strong&gt;  The first means thousands, the second means millions, and Spanish speakers know the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The words “miles” and “millares” are interchangeable.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears that &lt;strong&gt;from about 1920 on, “miles” has been more frequent than “millares”;&lt;/strong&gt; before then, “millares” was more frequent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instances of “&lt;strong&gt;millares&lt;/strong&gt;” during the last 50 years, are &lt;strong&gt;more likely to be present in publications&lt;/strong&gt; rather than in speech or broadcasts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In today’s times, “miles” is overwhelmingly more frequent than “millares”;&lt;/strong&gt; in online news articles alone, it is 500 times more common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;“millares” has always been more frequent in works of religious prose, but is rarely, if ever, seen in legal prose.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In modern times, the word “millares” is more frequent in novels than in publications related to science and technology.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you really want to emphasize the quantity of something, “millares” may be a better choice than “miles”&lt;/strong&gt; even though they mean the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The word &lt;strong&gt;“millares,” when capitalized, can be a Spanish surname, municipality, or&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;excavation site.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="12401" LastEditDate="2021-05-12T02:15:32.270" LastActivityDate="2021-05-12T02:15:32.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29137" CreationDate="2019-04-13T10:11:01.390" Score="4" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;Richard Dawkins twiteó:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;English has different words for ape and monkey. Interestingly, most European languages don’t, and that’s surprising given that biologists make rather heavy weather of the distinction. No doubt replies will mention other languages that make the distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gAL18.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gAL18.png&quot; alt=&quot;Richard Dawkins&amp;#39;s tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Una de las respuestas con más &lt;em&gt;likes&lt;/em&gt; fue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first one, in Spanish: simio / mono&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo &lt;em&gt;creo&lt;/em&gt; que en español las dos palabras son intercambiables. Como prueba el libro de Desmond Morris: &lt;em&gt;The Naked Ape&lt;/em&gt; fue traducido al español como &lt;em&gt;El Mono Desnudo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p5W1X.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p5W1X.png&quot; alt=&quot;el libro de Desmond Morris The Naked Ape fue traducido al español como El Mono Desnudo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿Son intercambiables las palabras &lt;strong&gt;mono&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;simio&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20089" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-13T12:35:29.090" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T03:28:37.867" Title="¿Puede ser utilizada la palabra «mono» como sinónimo de «simio»?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29136" CreationDate="2019-04-13T10:48:24.057" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Miremos a las definiciones del DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;mono, na&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De mona, y este quizá acort. de maimona, f. de maimón 'mico'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Animal del suborden de los simios. U. en m. ref. a la especie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;12&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Mamífero cuadrumano de unos 60 cm de altura, con pelaje de color pardo amarillento, grandes abazones, nalgas sin pelo y callosas, y cola muy corta, que se cría en África y en el peñón de Gibraltar, y se domestica fácilmente.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;simio, simia&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. simius; la forma f., del lat. simia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. y f. Primate antropoide. U. t. c. m. pl. como taxón.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que, (tradicionalmente) mono es un sinónimo de simio, pero también se puede referir específicamente a una especia de mono de Gibraltar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso dicho, Wikipedia nota esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los términos mono y simio son sinónimos, pero en la zoología suele hacerse una distinción entre ambos, debido a una influencia del idioma inglés, en el que los términos equivalentes monkey y ape tienen diferentes significados. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mono&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mono&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2019-04-13T10:48:24.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3740" CreationDate="2019-04-14T04:14:18.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer will be localized to Mexico.  (I don't know if it extends to other areas or not.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quizás&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;quizá&lt;/em&gt; mean &lt;em&gt;maybe&lt;/em&gt; / &lt;em&gt;perhaps&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acaso&lt;/em&gt; doesn't have a single word equivalent in English.  Here are the two common ways of using it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Llévate un paraguas por si acaso.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means: &lt;em&gt;Take an umbrella just in case&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;¡¿Acaso pasó el camión de basura sin tomar lo nuestro OTRA VEZ?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a loose equivalent: &lt;em&gt;Did the trash truck really skip our house AGAIN?!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just checked the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/spanish-english/acaso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;entry in Collins&lt;/a&gt;.  It's a bit more comprehensive than this but definitely in line with my examples, so I'll refer you to it for a more complete treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T04:14:18.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18581" CreationDate="2019-04-14T13:00:14.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quería comentar que la RAE, en su propia web, escribe: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Congreso Internacional de la Lengua Española, Real Academia Española, Casa Museo...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sin preocuparse por si es una influencia del inglés. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tal vez pueda entenderse como ese concepto tan resbaladizo de la &quot;mayúscula de respeto&quot;. Por lo tanto creo que si un negocio o marca por una cuestión estética o de costumbre, o de &quot;respeto&quot;, quiere usar mayúscula en todas las palabras principales de su nombre, debería hacerlo sin preocupación. Así, apoyo la moción de La Casa del Pan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay  empresas muy tradicionales y &quot;respetadas&quot; en mi país cuyas webs oficiales siguen este modelo: La Serenísima, El Amanecer, Nuevo Amanecer, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Saludos y gracias a todos por este interesante intercambio.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21605" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-14T15:36:59.150" LastActivityDate="2019-04-14T15:36:59.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29142" CreationDate="2019-04-15T08:13:08.593" Score="7" ViewCount="756" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una búsqueda de la palabra &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt; en el DLE indica que originalmente se decía &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VwB32QQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;renacuajo, ja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Del desus. &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt;, y este dim. de &lt;em&gt;rana&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. Larva de la rana, que se diferencia del animal adulto principalmente por tener cola, carecer de patas y respirar por branquias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me parece que tiene más sentido la palabra &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt; que &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt;, teniendo en cuenta que es un diminutivo de &lt;em&gt;rana&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;¿Por qué cayó en desuso la palabra original? ¿Desde cuándo usamos la palabra &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2021-03-12T20:27:30.690" Title="¿Por qué ya no se dice &quot;ranacuajo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;historia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29141" CreationDate="2019-04-15T08:56:42.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Según Corominas, la evolución de palabra fue así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rana &gt; Ranueco &gt; Ranuecajo &gt; Ranacuajo (1400) &gt; Renacuajo (1535).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo del CORDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;E quando los quisieren purgar, denles leche de cabras e úntenles los ombligos con fiel de buey, o tomen de los ranaquajos de los ríos e séquenlos, e muélanlos e mézclenlos con del agua, e déngelo a beuer, ca esto los purgará.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abraham de Toledo, &quot;Moamín. Libro de los animales que cazan&quot;, 1250 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El motivo del cambio aún lo ignoro, pero sí he visto que hacia el siglo XVI hubo varias palabras que cambiaron una sílaba &lt;em&gt;ra-&lt;/em&gt; inicial por &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VJAgnTF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rebanar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rebanada&lt;/em&gt; son probablemente alteraciones de &lt;em&gt;rabanar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;rabanada&lt;/em&gt;. El original en latín para la primera es &lt;em&gt;rapināre&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;El mismo origen tiene &lt;em&gt;rebañar&lt;/em&gt;, y de hecho &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VJP30GM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rebaño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; es de origen incierto pero Corominas afirma que tiene una forma antigua &lt;em&gt;rabaño&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VwSDQwC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rencor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviene de &lt;em&gt;rancor&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Vqa5LIQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Relinga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviene de &lt;em&gt;ralinga&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VuPHm6z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Remolacha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; proviene del italiano &lt;em&gt;ramolaccio&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También he encontrado alteraciones de &lt;em&gt;ro-&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt;, como en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VqzLaVZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reloj&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, que proviene del catalán antiguo &lt;em&gt;relotge&lt;/em&gt;, este del latín &lt;em&gt;horologĭum&lt;/em&gt; 'reloj de arena’, aunque en este caso el cambio se dio antes de llegar al español.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posiblemente el influjo del prefijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=VFxyLmQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;re-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, ya existente en latín con el significado de &quot;repetición&quot; o &quot;intensificación&quot;, pudo influir en estas transformaciones, haciendo las palabras más fáciles de pronunciar al asimilarlas a otras ya existentes que usaban dicho prefijo. No tengo cifras exactas, pero estimo que en el diccionario hay cerca de 3 veces más palabras que empiezan por &lt;em&gt;re-&lt;/em&gt; que por &lt;em&gt;ra-&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE apenas encuentro cinco casos de &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt; (sin contar el ejemplo anterior y otro caso de &lt;em&gt;ranacuaios&lt;/em&gt;), dos de ellos relativamente recientes, y otros tres en el siglo XVI. De todos ellos, dos usan la palabra para decir que prefieren &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También se advierte que en los diccionarios pre-&lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; se prefiere la forma &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt;. Así aparece desde el &lt;em&gt;Nebrija&lt;/em&gt; de 1495 hasta el &lt;em&gt;Stevens&lt;/em&gt; de 1706, pasando por el &lt;em&gt;Covarrubias&lt;/em&gt; de 1611:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;RANACVAJO, vna sauandija, que parece ser el principio de la formacion de rana, y quajò della.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt; aparece en el &lt;em&gt;Alcalá&lt;/em&gt; de 1505 y ya no vuelve a aparecer hasta el &lt;em&gt;Sobrino&lt;/em&gt; de 1705. El &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; de 1737 ya establece la definición de &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt; con la nota &quot;Covarrubias le llama Ranacuájo&quot;. De hecho la definición de &lt;em&gt;ranacuajo&lt;/em&gt; aparece pero redirige a &lt;em&gt;renacuajo&lt;/em&gt;, y así lleva desde entonces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T10:40:21.103" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T10:40:21.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29144" CreationDate="2019-04-15T09:38:12.767" Score="10" ViewCount="1186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was taught that when a &quot;weak&quot; vowel (i, u) combines with a &quot;strong&quot; vowel (a, e, o) you pronounce them as a single syllable diphthong. But an online dictionary says that the verb &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/criar&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;criar is pronounced with two syllables&lt;/a&gt;. At least in the pronunciation popup they spell it &quot;kree-ahr&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there another rule governing the pronunciation of &quot;criar&quot; that says it should be considered two syllables? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20767" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T11:05:49.987" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T21:26:09.740" Title="How to pronounce &quot;criar&quot;?" Tags="&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;diptongos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29143" CreationDate="2019-04-15T11:03:52.070" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;em&gt;criar&lt;/em&gt; is pronounced (by everybody I know, at least) with two syllables, /kri.ar/. This is a violation of the rule that says that a so-called &quot;weak&quot;¹ vowel (/i/ or /u/) always forms a diphthong with a following &quot;strong&quot; vowel.² It's not the only one: it appears (for some people, not all) in several other verb &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19445/por-qu%C3%A9-los-verbos-terminados-en-iar-se-dividen-en-dos-acentuaciones-distint&quot;&gt;infinitives ending in &lt;em&gt;-iar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-uar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; such as &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;actuar&lt;/em&gt;. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/1535/14627&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; and part of &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/25721/14627&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; are also relevant to your question.) It also happens in many other words that are not verb forms, such as adjectives (&lt;em&gt;dual&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;fiable&lt;/em&gt;) and nouns (&lt;em&gt;cliente&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;cruento&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hiatus (i.e. the breaking of the expected diphthong) is unpredictable, but it tends to appear, &lt;a href=&quot;http://prosodia.upf.edu/home/arxiu/publicacions/cabre/cabre_exceptional_hiatuses_spanish.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to studies&lt;/a&gt;, due to two main kinds of factors: morphological and phonological.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The morphological factors can be summarized like this: &lt;strong&gt;a diphthong will be broken in a word if it gets broken in words with the same root.&lt;/strong&gt; So for example, since the present tense of the verb &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;em&gt;envío&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;envías&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;envía&lt;/em&gt;, etc. with a hiatus (shown by the accented &lt;em&gt;í&lt;/em&gt;), the infinitive &lt;em&gt;enviar&lt;/em&gt; itself will be influenced and will be pronounced with a hiatus, &lt;em&gt;en-vi-ar&lt;/em&gt;.³ There's more to it than that but that's the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phonological factors include the presence of a liquid (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;) in the onset of the syllable, i.e. before the main vowel. In &lt;em&gt;criar&lt;/em&gt; we have a stop consonant /k/ (&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;), plus a liquid /r/, plus a vowel /i/ that should phonetically become a glide or semivowel [j] (like the English &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;yet&lt;/em&gt;); in many words this pileup seems to be too much so the speakers spontaneously break the syllable in two to preserve a simpler structure: /kri/ + /ar/. This may be also what happens with &lt;em&gt;cliente&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;cruento&lt;/em&gt;. (Again, there are more factors in play.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spanish marks basically everything in orthography, but it doesn't show this irregular hiatus in any way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ &quot;Weak&quot; vowels are technically &lt;strong&gt;close&lt;/strong&gt; vowels, while &quot;strong&quot; vowels are &lt;strong&gt;open&lt;/strong&gt; (/a/) or &lt;strong&gt;mid&lt;/strong&gt; (/e/ and /o/) vowels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;² Actually any &quot;weak&quot; vowel is apt to form a diphthong with another vowel, of either type; &lt;em&gt;iu&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ui&lt;/em&gt; are possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;³ The subset of the &lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt; class of verbs with an infinitive that ends in &lt;em&gt;-iar&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;-uar&lt;/em&gt; is thus divided into two subclasses: those where the diphthong is kept (like &lt;em&gt;anunciar, cambiar, averiguar, menguar&lt;/em&gt;), and those where the diphthong is broken in certain persons and tenses (like &lt;em&gt;criar, enviar, adecuar, actuar&lt;/em&gt;). See the RAE's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/diccionario-panhispanico-de-dudas/apendices/modelos-de-conjugacion-verbal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conjugation paradigms&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T21:26:09.740" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T21:26:09.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10423" CreationDate="2019-04-15T14:02:23.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the first 3, although have different matices in different places, can be understanded if you interchanged it; with the last one (&quot;espejuelos&quot;), at least in Argentina, I think you won't be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Anteojos&quot; (before eyes) is a very descriptive name, that can be understand by anyone who speak Spanish. AFAIK, it's only used for the complete device.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Gafas&quot;, which also refer to the complete device, although not used in some places, it is known in many Latinamerican countries because of Spanish and Mexican movie translations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Lente&quot; in a stricto sensu refers to the pieces of glass which has some optical properties (meaning in Physics). In some places it is used colloquially as the whole device.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;espejuelos&quot; literally means little mirrors; so, if it's not used with that meaning, it will be very confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T14:02:23.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29148" CreationDate="2019-04-15T20:06:29.810" Score="5" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm curious, because putting the tilde over the n seems like it would be the same as dotting an i or crossing a t.  Is there a version of the saying dot your i's and cross your t's&quot; that includes the letter ñ in spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tengo curiosidad, porque colocar la tilde sobre la n parece que sería lo mismo que puntear una i o cruzar una t. ¿Hay alguna versión del dicho &quot;dot your i's&quot; y cruzar &quot;t&quot; que incluya la letra ñ en español?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¡Gracias!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21250" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T21:47:04.477" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T21:47:04.477" Title="Is there a Spanish version of &quot;dot your i's and cross your t's&quot; that includes the letter 'ñ'?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;letras&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-15T20:25:47.243" Score="4" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leyendo el diario me encontré con la noticia &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.datachaco.com/recuperan-una-moto-robada-el-puente-belgrano-n127930&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recuperan una moto robada en el puente Belgrano&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; y noté que de hecho la redacción cae en el mismo error que el título. No se entiende si:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La moto fue robada sobre el puente, y luego fue recuperada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La moto fue robada antes, y al circular sobre el puente, fue recuperada.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El resto de la redacción tampoco aclara la duda de manera explícita. Se entiende luego, por el contexto, que la respuesta correcta es la segunda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿De qué forma se podría redactar este titular de manera concisa e inequívoca?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20820" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T20:50:15.260" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T14:46:09.180" Title="¿Cómo redactar este título sin que suene ambiguo? &quot;Recuperan una moto robada en el puente&quot;" Tags="&lt;ambigüedad&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29146" CreationDate="2019-04-15T20:40:52.097" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. There is not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We only say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;poner los puntos sobre las íes&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't add anything about the t or the ñ or any other letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess it would be too weird to say &quot;poner la virgulilla sobre la ene&quot; so we don't say that when only dotting the i's is enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way the most used name of the symbol above the n to form the ñ is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=btCZ7EZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;virgulilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in Spanish. &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZkHNOE8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tilde&lt;/a&gt; could be any symbol above the letters including the &lt;em&gt;virgulilla&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;virgulilla&lt;/em&gt; is more used for the ñ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-15T20:46:16.580" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T20:46:16.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-16T03:19:01.710" Score="2" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Tenemos en español un sentimiento o emoción que exprese celos y nostalgia al mismo tiempo?  O sea, ¿qué emocion sale de esa mezcla? Y si no existe ¿cuál sería su nombre apropiado?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;El recuerdo no cuenta, obviamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Celos + Nostalgia = ¿? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21620" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-16T05:47:41.430" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T08:21:56.693" Title="¿Qué sentimiento o emoción se forma de los celos y la nostalgia?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29149" CreationDate="2019-04-16T06:55:31.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Entiendo que buscamos una palabra que exprese por un lado:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QdfICDo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nostalgia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. mod. &lt;em&gt;nostalgia&lt;/em&gt;, y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;νόστος nóstos&lt;/em&gt; 'regreso' y &lt;em&gt;-αλγία -algía&lt;/em&gt; '-algia'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;f. Pena de verse ausente de la patria o de los deudos o amigos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y por otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8A737TG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;celo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Del lat. &lt;em&gt;zēlus&lt;/em&gt; 'ardor, celo', y este del gr. &lt;em&gt;ζῆλος zêlos&lt;/em&gt;, der. de &lt;em&gt;ζεῖν zeîn&lt;/em&gt; 'hervir'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. Envidia del bien ajeno, o recelo de que el propio o pretendido llegue a ser alcanzado por otra persona. U. m. en pl.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si mezclamos estas dos emociones imagino que el resultado es una emoción que implica &quot;pena por la ausencia de algo&quot; y a la vez &quot;celos de la gente que aún puede disfrutar de ese algo&quot;, que podríamos llamar &lt;strong&gt;nostalgia insana&lt;/strong&gt; o &lt;strong&gt;nostalgia envenenada&lt;/strong&gt;. Ambos conceptos pueden dar a entender que la nostalgia está provocando un sentimiento negativo de celos o envidia más allá de la &quot;pena&quot;, que come a la persona por dentro. Se construye por similitud con la expresión &lt;em&gt;envidia sana&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;envidia insana&lt;/em&gt; (o &lt;em&gt;envidia cochina&lt;/em&gt; que decimos por aquí), que se usan para denotar si una envidia provoca un sentimiento positivo o negativo. Un ejemplo de esta última expresión:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Con un vestido mestizo de colores, la Princesa Nicté-Ha las veía con gran gusto, con envidia sana, como si ella quisiera regresar a sus mundos infantiles del distante Yucatán.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Arturo Azuela, &quot;La casa de las mil vírgenes&quot;, 1983 (México).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podrías usar la expresión &lt;em&gt;nostalgia insana&lt;/em&gt; y dejar claro por el contexto que la parte &lt;em&gt;insana&lt;/em&gt; viene provocada por los celos, aunque no lo digas directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si buscas una única palabra, hay en el diccionario varios términos que implican &quot;nostalgia&quot;, como &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=XM6WldQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saudade&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que es más bien una nostalgia solitaria, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=6OaWLUk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cabanga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; usada en Costa Rica, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=31ojvlf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;añoranza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PrSUwFk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;morriña&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que es la nostalgia por la tierra, pero todas estas voces no implican de por sí el sentimiento negativo de los celos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T06:55:31.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29149" CreationDate="2019-04-16T08:21:56.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Diría que, cuando una persona está celosa por otra que no es (ya) su pareja, &lt;em&gt;el sentimiento de celos lleva también implícito en cierta manera el de nostalgia&lt;/em&gt;, pues dicha persona celosa echa también en falta la cercanía con el objeto de su deseo. Que esta cercanía fuese real en el pasado, o solo producto de su imaginación, es irrelevante de cara al sentimiento de nostalgia que la realidad de su carencia produce en la persona.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No obstante y si tuviese que escoger una palabra diferente, escogería &lt;strong&gt;resentimiento&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=W8yXH2G&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;resentimiento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. m. Acción y efecto de &lt;strong&gt;resentirse&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=W8z0GIl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;resentirse&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    2. prnl. Tener sentimiento, pesar o enojo por algo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aunque su significado no sea específicamente &quot;sentimiento de nostalgia y celos&quot;, creo que cuadra bastante bien con lo que describes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=QdfICDo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nostalgia&lt;/a&gt;: pena, tristeza, pesar por esa felicidad perdida al acabar la relación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8A737TG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Celos&lt;/a&gt;: rabia, enfado, enojo tanto por que otra persona disfrute ahora de esa felicidad, como hacia dicha persona en sí.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además, &lt;strong&gt;semánticamente, &lt;em&gt;re-sentimiento&lt;/em&gt; implica &lt;em&gt;volver a sentir&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, lo cual redunda de manera algo poética en ese sentimiento de nostalgia que decíamos antes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo he experimentado esa mezcla de sentimientos que dices y, definitivamente, si tuviese que describirlo con una sola palabra, diría que estaba &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=W8xmkRi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resentido&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T08:21:56.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-16T09:03:45.553" Score="3" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;Respondiendo a la pregunta &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/29149&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; sentimiento o emoci&amp;#243;n se forma de los celos y la nostalgia?&lt;/a&gt; he encontrado cierta dificultad en describir sin ambigüedad una situación de celos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cuando alguien siente celos amorosos, suele haber tres personas implicadas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona que siente los celos: Alex.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona que Alex ama o desea: Jess.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;La persona que interactúa con Jess: Robin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alex tiene, tenía o quiere tener una relación con Jess.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Jess y Robin se caen bien, hablan, interactúan... lo normal entre personas sanas.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Alex siente miedo de que Robin &quot;le quite&quot; a Jess, de que Jess sienta más afecto por Robin; y siente rabia hacia Robin por osar siquiera hablar con Jess, y quizá hacia Jess por &quot;dejarse engatusar&quot; por Robin.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Alex siente celos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pero Alex...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Siente celos de Robin por Jess?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Siente celos hacia Robin por Jess?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Siente celos hacia Jess por Robin?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Siente celos de Jess por Robin?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Siente celos de Jess y Robin? ¿Quién es quién, en este caso?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preguntado de otra manera: &lt;strong&gt;al decir que Alex siente celos ante la relación de Jess y Robin ¿como podría expresar &lt;em&gt;mediante preposiciones&lt;/em&gt;, sin ambigüedades, que Jess es el objeto de deseo y que Robin es el objeto de rechazo?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T10:41:08.707" Title="¿Qué preposiciones usar para describir a las personas implicadas en un caso de celos?" Tags="&lt;preposiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29152" CreationDate="2019-04-16T10:41:08.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesante.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creo que si consultamos la definición de la DRAE al respecto, en su entrada 7, podemos ver que los celos hacen referencia no a una relación directa entre deseante y deseado, sino a una turbación del deseante a causa de una sospecha o recelo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8A737TG%7C8A7sRXS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;celo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;m. pl. Sospecha, inquietud y recelo de que la persona amada haya mudado o mude su cariño, poniéndolo en otra.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que para evitar la ambigüedad, debería quedar clara la causa de esos celos, es decir, quién los suscita. Si consultamos ejemplos en la red, vemos que se tiene celos de algo o alguien porque ese algo o alguien es la causa de la desazón. Por lo tanto, en este ejemplo, yo votaría por:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alex siente celos de Robin por Jess&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Porque Robin y su aparición es la causa de que Alex sienta celos, y el contexto de esos celos es el deseo de Alex por Jess, esa es la razón de los celos, pero los causa Robin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si Jess fuera la causa directa, es decir, si Jess entrara directamente en un juego de seducción, podría muy bien funcionar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alex siente celos de Jess por Robin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso la fuente directa de celos sería Jess, y la situación sería Robin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T10:41:08.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29147" CreationDate="2019-04-16T11:49:31.353" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;En los comentarios se han sugerido un par de posibilidades, y por supuesto hay muchas más, porque esta información claramente se puede transmitir sin ambigüedad alguna, pero el meollo del asunto es que estamos hablando de un titular. Los titulares deben respetar ciertas convenciones, no sobrepasar cierta longitud, y concordar con el estilo general del medio donde se publican.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el caso de este titular, se trata de un diario argentino; aquí diarios y portales de noticias tienen la costumbre de recurrir con frecuencia a la tercera persona del plural como sujeto genérico. La voz pasiva se usa poco y nada, y el orden de los complementos suele llevar a la ambigüedad, generalmente resuelta por el contexto y el sentido común, aunque no siempre (como en este caso).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preservando ese estilo yo diría que el titular podría redactarse así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recuperan en el puente Belgrano una moto robada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien con una convención también bastante utilizada, que sitúa el lugar del hecho como primer complemento:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Puente Belgrano: recuperan una moto robada&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T11:49:31.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29160" CreationDate="2019-04-16T13:46:39.243" Score="8" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;canonical question&lt;/a&gt; / Esta es una &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2505/1674&quot;&gt;pregunta canónica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there three different past continuous tenses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tried to learn the past continuous, I came across three different tenses that are used to express it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;which consists of &lt;strong&gt;the root of the verb +&lt;/strong&gt; the endings &lt;strong&gt;aba/abas/abamos/abais/aban&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: los pájaros cantaban &lt;sub&gt;the birds were singing&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imperfecto progresivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;which consists of &lt;strong&gt;the subject + Verb estar (in El Pretérito Imperfecto) + Present Participle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Él estaba trabajando a las siete &lt;sub&gt;He was working at seven o’clock&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indefinido progresivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;which consists of &lt;strong&gt;Estar [in El Pretérito Indefinido + gerund [-ando/-iendo]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Ayer estuvimos bailando toda la noche &lt;sub&gt;Yesterday we were dancing all night&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you explain to me when to use each of them and what is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21623" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user21623" LastEditDate="2020-02-10T09:16:02.610" LastActivityDate="2020-02-10T09:16:02.610" Title="Are there three past continuous tenses in Spanish? When can I use Pretérito imperfecto / imperfecto progresivo / indefinido progresivo?" Tags="&lt;tiempos-verbales&gt;&lt;pretérito&gt;&lt;preguntas-canónicas&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29161" CreationDate="2019-04-16T14:11:34.593" Score="2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hMRJS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hMRJS.png&quot; alt=&quot;Shouldn&amp;#39;t all of them have &amp;quot;le&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;les&amp;quot;?&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain what is going on here please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specific question is why does this sentence not have &quot;les&quot;&#xA;&quot;El chef sirve comida a los niños.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that it should be &quot;El chef les sirve comida a los niños.&quot;&#xA;Duolingo marked it wrong though and Google translate says the les is not necessary either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21624" LastEditorUserId="21624" LastEditDate="2019-04-16T14:42:25.383" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T16:14:58.783" Title="Is the indirect pronoun not always necessary? In these examples shouldn't they all have &quot;le&quot; or &quot;les&quot;?" Tags="&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;&lt;clíticos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29162" CreationDate="2019-04-16T14:59:01.133" Score="6" ViewCount="1847" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viendo por televisión de suscripción un programa mexicano de un concurso de repostería quedé desconcertado a conocer que en México usan la palabra &lt;strong&gt;betún&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a esa masa con la cual se cubren los pasteles o ponqués:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8pFBim.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8pFBim.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;betún repostería méxico&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y resulta que en Colombia la palabra &lt;strong&gt;betún&lt;/strong&gt; se refiere a esa sustancia pastosa tipo cera que se aplica a los zapatos para sacarle brillo, de hecho existe el verbo &lt;strong&gt;embetunar&lt;/strong&gt; para referirse a la acción de poner o cubrir con &lt;strong&gt;betún&lt;/strong&gt; un zapato y luego proceder a brillarlo con un cepillo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AIlVEm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AIlVEm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;betún zapatos colombia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Colombia la sustancia alimenticia con la cual se cubren los ponqués se le denomina sencillamente &quot;crema para ponqué&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces en México como denominan la sustancia pastosa que se le aplica a los zapatos?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Qué palabra usan para la acción de aplicar esa sustancia y brillar los zapatos?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T18:37:53.977" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T18:37:53.977" Title="Si en México &quot;betún&quot; es una crema para repostería, ¿cómo se llama la sustancia para lustrar o brillar los zapatos?" Tags="&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;&lt;colombia&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29155" CreationDate="2019-04-16T16:01:31.857" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very complex topic!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, comparing &lt;em&gt;imperfecto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;indefinido&lt;/em&gt; comes down to the difference between unfinished (that's the technical meaning of &quot;imperfect&quot;) actions and completed actions or events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretérito imperfecto&lt;/em&gt;, or &quot;imperfect,&quot; refers to past events that were not finished in the context; these can be either habitual actions or single instances. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los pájaros cantaban.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;The birds sang (habitually)&quot; or &quot;The birds were singing (at the time the speaker was there)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imperfecto progresivo&lt;/em&gt;, or &quot;progressive imperfect,&quot; also refers to past unfinished events, but what's different is that here the actions were not habitual (except in some specific cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él estaba trabajando a las siete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means &quot;He was working at seven&quot; in a context where the speaker, for example, has seen the man working at seven and then left without seeing him stop working. This sentence &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; work with the simple imperfect too; but the progressive expression emphasizes the continuity or ongoing nature of the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Indefinido progresivo&lt;/em&gt;, or &quot;progressive preterit,&quot; has a misleading name; it refers to past events that were finished (in the context of the meaning the speaker wants to convey). The progressive part means that something happened for a while -- and then stopped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer estuvimos bailando toda la noche.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means, &quot;Yesterday we were dancing all night (and then stopped).&quot; You cannot use the imperfect here because the qualifier &lt;em&gt;toda la noche&lt;/em&gt; would make it nonsensical; because it was &quot;all night&quot; (i.e., the whole night), the meaning includes the idea of an end, a stopping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're writing about something that was happening while something else happened as well, you use the imperfect (either simple or progressive):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Ayer estábamos bailando [&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; bailábamos] cuando comenzó a llover.* &quot;Yesterday we were dancing when/as it started raining.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the action went on for a while and then stopped (i.e. the speaker perceives that it stopped), you use the progressive preterit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Él estuvo trabajando en su oficina hasta las ocho.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;He was working in his office until 8 o'clock.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the event is habitual or customary, you use the simple imperfect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Los pájaros cantaban todas las mañanas.&lt;/em&gt; &quot;The birds sang [&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; would sing] every morning.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-12-21T02:02:28.780" LastActivityDate="2019-12-21T02:02:28.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29156" CreationDate="2019-04-16T16:14:58.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three situations in which the indirect object pronoun, when the indirect object itself is explicitly mentioned, is required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbs of the &lt;em&gt;gustar&lt;/em&gt;-type&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You cannot say &lt;em&gt;Algo gusta al niño&lt;/em&gt;, you must say &lt;em&gt;le gusta al niño&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When the main object comes in front of the verb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you say &lt;em&gt;al niño María __ sirve comida&lt;/em&gt;, then a &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; is required.  There are even exceptions here, though, as if we are being particularly emphatic about how was being served the food we can omit the pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When the main object is a pronoun itself&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In your examples, all the indirect objects are &lt;em&gt;niño&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;hijos&lt;/em&gt;, which are not pronouns.  However, if they were &lt;em&gt;él/ella/Vd./mí/ti/etc&lt;/em&gt;, then you must include the object pronoun.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T16:14:58.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29159" CreationDate="2019-04-16T16:15:20.607" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parece ser que en México se puede usar &quot;betún&quot; para ambas cosas (crema para lustrar zapatos y crema dulce para pasteles) y es el contexto el que desambigua. De acuerdo a las conversaciones de &lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/bet%C3%BAn.1028287/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;este hilo de wordreference&lt;/a&gt; se suele decir no simplemente &quot;betún&quot; sino &quot;betún de chocolate&quot;, para hacerlo más claro y se usa &quot;crema/grasa/cera para zapatos&quot; para el abrillantador.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En Mercado Libre (web mexicana) puedes encontrar &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://articulo.mercadolibre.com.mx/MLM-659304158-betun-militar-camuflaje-tactico-_JM?quantity=1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Betún&lt;/strong&gt; Militar Camuflaje Táctico&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. A pesar de que no es el betún abrillantador de zapatos, está más cerca de este que de un producto culinario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://definicion.de/betun/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta entrada&lt;/a&gt; sobre el origen del término se explica sobre los nombres del producto en los varios países de habla hispana&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si bien en muchos países de habla hispana se denomina del mismo modo [betún], este producto para mejorar el aspecto de los zapatos recibe otros nombres, como [pueden] ser los siguientes: en España, crema para calzado; en Venezuela, crema de zapatos; &lt;strong&gt;en México, cera, cobertura o grasa para zapatos, aunque también, pasta para calzado&lt;/strong&gt;; en Argentina y Uruguay se lo conoce como pomada de calzado o pomada para zapatos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, en wikipedia podemos encontrar respaldo a esta afirmación, en su entrada de &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bet%C3%BAn_para_calzado&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;betún para calzado&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, donde se explica que el término más común sería &quot;cera para zapatos&quot;, siendo &quot;cobertura&quot; y &quot;cobertura para zapatos&quot; también usados en México pero no tan cotidianos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T16:15:20.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29163" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-16T16:16:41.700" Score="1" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone give me a less literal translation of this saying?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Se quede solo y todo se le hace un mundo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m having a hard time wording this where native English speakers understand better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They’re talking about why an employee they feel is too green (not experienced enough) shouldn’t be left alone in charge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this fit the American saying &lt;strong&gt;to make a mountain out of a molehill&lt;/strong&gt; ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21625" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T13:21:36.157" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T13:21:36.157" Title="What is the English equivalent for “Se quede solo y todo se le hace un mundo”?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;español-neutral&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29163" CreationDate="2019-04-16T17:03:00.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far I can see, you already understood the saying since you did mention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are talking about why a 'too green' employee should not be left alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is true, but the thing is that in Spanish, the same words can mean different things depending on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The translation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with this, a relative translation to English, using the context you used (a new or unexperienced employee at his job) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He can't do it by himself yet. He sees everything as the most difficult thing ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He as no experience, therefore he can't do it himself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He's not able to do anything by himself right now. It's hard for him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you, and about your comment I'm not pretty sure that if it's related, since the saying itself is like a description of a person not being able to do something due to his lack of experience and this causing him to see every labour too difficult. Greetings!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21626" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T12:32:00.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-16T17:11:09.690" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leo un libro de historias bíblicas para niños, y en la historia de José encuentro algo que para mí es raro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego, para empeorar las cosas, José tuvo unos sueños especiales:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;—¡Yo soñé que era el más grande!  ¡Yo era rey! —les dijo a sus hermanos—. Y todos ustedes se arrodillaban ante mí.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ahora bien, seguramente sabes, aunque José no lo supiera, &lt;strong&gt;que decirle a tus hermanos&lt;/strong&gt; cosas como estas no es muy buena idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para mí, debe ser &amp;quot;decirles a tus hermanos&amp;quot;, porque &amp;quot;tus hermanos&amp;quot; es plural.  En forma equivalente pero más simple, sería:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seguramente sabes que &lt;strong&gt;decirles&lt;/strong&gt; a tus hermanos cosas como estas no es muy buena idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pensaba que era simplemente un error de traducción, pero pregunté a una hispanohablante nativa, y ella me dijo que &amp;quot;decirle&amp;quot; está bien, pero yo no entendí su explicación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Está bien usar &amp;quot;decirle&amp;quot; en este contexto?  Si está bien, ¿a que se refiere &amp;quot;le&amp;quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T17:11:09.690" Title="¿Tiene sentido la frase &quot;decirle a tus hermanos&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;plurales&gt;&lt;objetos-indirectos&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-04-16T23:01:43.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29167" CreationDate="2019-04-16T21:07:36.150" Score="4" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the following sentence and wanted to check my understanding of how it works gramatically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante advertir que, según la mecánica cuántica estándar, &lt;strong&gt;a este procedimiento&lt;/strong&gt; de superposición &lt;strong&gt;se lo considera&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;universal&lt;/em&gt; y, en consecuencia, válido también si existen más de solo dos alternativas para el estado intermedio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that, unusually, this sentence &quot;personalizes&quot; the inanimate direct object &lt;code&gt;este procedimiento&lt;/code&gt; by preceding it with &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, and then &lt;code&gt;se lo considera&lt;/code&gt; is an impersonal se (not a pasiva refleja), where &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt; refers to &lt;code&gt;este procedimiento&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could the sentence instead have been written with a pasiva refleja? Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es importante advertir que, según la mecánica cuántica estándar, &lt;strong&gt;este procedimiento&lt;/strong&gt; de superposición &lt;strong&gt;se considera&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;universal&lt;/em&gt; y, en consecuencia, válido también si existen más de solo dos alternativas para el estado intermedio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if so, would there be much of a difference in meaning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21331" LastEditorUserId="21331" LastEditDate="2019-04-16T23:08:34.997" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T00:11:36.660" Title="Impersonal &quot;se lo considera&quot; with an inanimate lo" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;oraciones-impersonales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29166" CreationDate="2019-04-16T23:12:27.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your understanding seems to me correct on both counts. I've &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;checked the DPD&lt;/a&gt; for cases when a direct object may or must be preceded by the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, and this is not one of them. (&quot;Personal &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is not the only case, but anyway it seems absurd to personalize a procedure.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be a case that is not covered by the DPD, probably having to do with resolving a possible ambiguity or to avoid a faulty parsing of the sentence. This is paragraphy 1.1.k of the DPD article linked above, which says that one must add &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; to the direct object if both the subject and the object are placed after the verb. This is the opposite: the direct object has been moved to a marked position before the verb, and if left there without the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;, the hearer/reader might be tempted to start parsing the sentence with &lt;em&gt;este procedimiento&lt;/em&gt; as the subject, only to find this reading wrong after a few more words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also looks a lot like the compulsory redundant indirect object pronoun that one finds in propositions like &lt;em&gt;A tu madre no le grites&lt;/em&gt; (where &lt;em&gt;a tu madre&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;le&lt;/em&gt; both refer to the same indirect object). The redundant direct object pronoun &lt;em&gt;lo&lt;/em&gt; is fine here; the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=elLl31yYnD65MTS9uF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the DPD&lt;/a&gt; mentions this case (5.2). What's strange is the preposition &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. The thing is that, even though the structure of the sentence is not covered by the grammar, it reads completely fine to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may have something to do with the unusual grammar of &lt;em&gt;considerar&lt;/em&gt;, which, like &lt;em&gt;creer&lt;/em&gt;, takes two arguments in a somewhat confusing arrangement that invites disambiguation. These all mean the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Considero esta idea disparatada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Considero disparatada esta idea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Considero esta idea un disparate.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Considero un disparate esta idea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you asked me to emphasize the object, &lt;em&gt;esta idea&lt;/em&gt;, I would naturally say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A esta idea la considero disparatada.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;A esta idea la considero un disparate.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there's definitely some unstated rule regarding &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; + direct object there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole thing could be rephrased as a &lt;em&gt;pasiva refleja&lt;/em&gt; like you said. There would be no difference in meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T00:11:36.660" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T00:11:36.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29163" CreationDate="2019-04-16T23:23:51.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Todo se le hace un mundo»&lt;/em&gt; literally means &quot;everything becomes a world to him&quot;. The reference is to the size (and complexity) of the world. In Spanish there's at least one more expression where &lt;em&gt;un mundo&lt;/em&gt; &quot;a world&quot; refers to something too complex or difficult: &lt;em&gt;«Cada familia es (como) un mundo»&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;Every family is (like) a world&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A world is something too big to grasp or manage. This new employee is getting a world of difficulty from simple things; every new thing in his new job comes to him at once and overwhelms him. Note that the Spanish sentence places no responsibility for this on the employee. He's not &quot;making a mountain out of a molehill&quot; (willingly), he's not &lt;strong&gt;doing&lt;/strong&gt; anything, but things are &lt;strong&gt;becoming&lt;/strong&gt; too much around/for him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A nice translation that keeps the reference to the world as a scary new place could be: &quot;Everything around him is like a new world&quot;; or maybe &quot;He finds himself in a place that is like an alien world&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T23:23:51.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29163" CreationDate="2019-04-17T09:05:28.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure whether providing English translation is strictly on topic here but I would have said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When he is left alone he is out of his depth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When he is left alone everything gets on top of him&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are not quite exchangeable so more context would help as requested in comments to the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T09:05:28.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28870" CreationDate="2019-04-17T10:09:35.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Construyendo sobre la base de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/a/28871&quot;&gt;respuesta de ukemi&lt;/a&gt; aquí y los &lt;a href=&quot;https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/46061?m=49569998#49569998&quot;&gt;comentarios de blonfu&lt;/a&gt; en el chat, junto con mi propia investigación, he podido comprender el uso que se hace de estos verbos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interesar&lt;/strong&gt;: en lenguaje jurídico se utiliza simplemente como fórmula para &lt;strong&gt;pedir a la sala que lleve a cabo algo&lt;/strong&gt;, como por ejemplo la desestimación de un caso o la apertura de una causa paralela.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Se pueden encontrar multitud de ejemplos en actas de juicios buscando por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22intereso%20a%20la%20sala%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;intereso a la sala&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; o por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22intereso%20que%20se%20desestime%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;intereso que se desestime&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (y alguno por &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=%22intereso%20a%20su%20se%C3%B1or%C3%ADa%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;intereso a su Señoría&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, aunque desconozco si correcto o no), en los que se puede ver que el uso es siempre ese, el de &quot;solicitar&quot;. A pesar de lo que diga el DLE, no he encontrado pruebas de que a día de hoy se use en el sentido de &quot;recabar de alguien&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deducir testimonio de particulares&lt;/strong&gt;: es una fórmula jurídica con un significado bastante concreto. Por una parte, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;deducir testimonio&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; significa &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;«sacar de los autos originales una &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uned-derecho.com/index.php?topic=117776.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;copia testimoniada&lt;/a&gt; y remitirla al Juzgado competente cuando se estime que se ha podido cometer un delito en la causa»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://opositoajusticia.foroactivo.com/t291-que-quiere-decir-deducir-testimonio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuente&lt;/a&gt;). No quiere decir eliminar un testimonio de un testigo, ni sacarlo del sumario, ni nada relacionado con &quot;restar, descontar&quot; ni con &quot;sacar una conclusión&quot; que son las acepciones que recoge el DLE. Además, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;testimonio de particulares&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; es otro &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enciclopedia-juridica.biz14.com/d/testimonio-de-particulares/testimonio-de-particulares.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;término jurídico específico&lt;/a&gt; que no tiene nada que ver con &quot;particular&quot; en el sentido de &quot;persona&quot;, sino que se refiere, más o menos, a un procedimiento por el cual se sacan &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;«copias fehacientes de determinados documentos obrantes en otros autos judiciales»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teniendo en cuenta todo lo anterior, y &lt;strong&gt;usando un lenguaje más llano, lo que dijo el fiscal fue&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solicito a la sala que se saquen copias fehacientes de los autos del juicio y se envíen al juzgado de guardia para investigar un posible delito de falso testimonio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T21:35:56.973" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T21:35:56.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-17T14:08:54.797" Score="9" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does &quot;ver&quot; translate in the following interaction? In English, we would say &quot;My tattoos have to do with the youthful fashion that I love&quot;, however, all the other meanings of &quot;ver&quot; other than &quot;to see&quot; are all synonyms i.e. &quot;to watch&quot;, &quot;to check&quot;, &quot;to witness&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The following interaction is from the WJEC A Level Spanish digital resources) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P.- ¿Crees que tener un tatuaje afecta tu personalidad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;R.- Al contrario, es que llevo tatuajes por la personalidad que tengo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P.- ¿Es decir?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;R.- Mis tatuajes tienen que &lt;strong&gt;ver&lt;/strong&gt; con la moda juvenil que me&#xA;  encanta. Además, me gusta ser algo rebelde. En el instituto siempre he&#xA;  sido así.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T14:17:52.733" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T17:20:42.077" Title="How is &quot;ver&quot; translated in &quot;tienen que ver con la moda juvenil que me encanta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29171" CreationDate="2019-04-17T14:24:15.453" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot ask for the meaning of a single word in a phrasal verb. That's the same as asking for the meaning of &quot;up&quot; in &quot;I came up with a solution&quot;. You can't translate just &quot;up&quot;, you translate &quot;come up&quot; as a whole. It's the same here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrasal verb you are looking for is &quot;tener que ver&quot;, defined in RAE's dictionary as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=ZT8sFSB#Be0Crle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tener que ver&lt;/strong&gt; alguien o algo con otra persona o cosa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. Haber entre ellos alguna conexión, relación o semejanza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translated: &quot;To exist a connection, relation or likeness between two people or two things&quot;. That's the same as the English expression &quot;to have something to do&quot;, as you properly note in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, maybe a better question would be &lt;strong&gt;why do we use the verb &quot;ver&quot; in that phrasal verb?&lt;/strong&gt; Well, we can consider that the sight is the most important sense we have to be aware of our surroundings. So through the sight is how we better perceive the likeness between two similar objects. This is acknowledged in a couple of meanings of the verb &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=baOo6Gz&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ver&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;18&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Traslucirse la imagen o semejanza de algo. &lt;em&gt;El carácter del padre se ve en el hijo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;prnl. Dicho de una cosa: Parecer o evidenciarse. &lt;em&gt;Se ve que tendremos elecciones pronto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those two examples can be translated as &quot;the personality of the father is perceived in the son&quot; (you perceive the likeness of the personalities) and &quot;it seems that we're going to vote soon&quot; (you perceive something that is likely to happen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phrasal verb &quot;tener que ver&quot; is as old as the Spanish language itself. Here you have an example of its usage in the XIII century, in an old form of &quot;tuviere que ver&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Si el mançebo asoldadado ouiere que ver con la clauera de su sennor &amp;amp; lo pudiere prouar con testigos, el mançebo pierda la soldada que ouiere seruido &amp;amp; saquenlo de casa sin calonna njnguna.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anonymous, &quot;Fuero de Cuenca&quot;, 1284-1295 (Spain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An attempt to translate that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the hired youngster has something to do with the keeper of the keys of his master's treasure, and that can be proven by witnesses, may he lose his wage and be thrown away from the house without further judgement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T17:20:42.077" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T17:20:42.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30231" CreationDate="2019-04-17T20:52:52.810" Score="4" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just a curiosity of mine, and I'm also wondering if there are regional differences for use of different types of quotation marks (not correct but an example: Puerto Rico uses &lt;code&gt;«»&lt;/code&gt; while Venezuela uses &lt;code&gt;&quot;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;).  For Castilian Spanish in Spain in particular, what is the more correct form to use (or at least most common)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esto es solo una de mis curiosidades, y también me pregunto si existen diferencias regionales para el uso de diferentes tipos de comillas (no es correcto, pero es un ejemplo: Puerto Rico usa &lt;code&gt;«»&lt;/code&gt;, mientras que Venezuela usa &lt;code&gt;&quot;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;). Para el español castellano en España en particular, ¿cuál es la forma más correcta de usar (o al menos la más común)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21250" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T09:50:58.423" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T12:27:06.740" Title="Are apostrophe quotes (&quot;, ') more correct or are angular quotes («, ») more correct for Castilian Spanish?" Tags="&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;&lt;citas&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29069" CreationDate="2019-04-18T00:31:36.163" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Si &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; es mala traducción o no termina siendo asunto de opinión, pero intentaré fundamentarla en razón de los significados de &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; y de sus palabras relacionadas, y las asociaciones que despierta en los hablantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arreglo&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;regla&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reglar&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;regular&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;regulación&lt;/em&gt;, etc. se refieren todas a diferentes aspectos de orden, coordinación, buen comportamiento, buena apariencia o corrección. En mi dialecto decimos &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;reparar&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; por &lt;em&gt;reparación&lt;/em&gt; (de un vehículo o una máquina, por ejemplo, o para referirnos a un empaste dental). También se dice &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; como sinónimo de &lt;em&gt;acuerdo&lt;/em&gt;, con la connotación de &quot;solución de un conflicto&quot;. Una &lt;em&gt;regla&lt;/em&gt; (el instrumento recto) puede servir para poner cosas en fila, pero en general la pensamos más como un instrumento para medir y marcar distancias &lt;em&gt;regulares&lt;/em&gt;. Decimos &lt;em&gt;poner en regla&lt;/em&gt; con el sentido de &quot;ordenar, formalizar, acomodar, emprolijar&quot;; no lo relacionamos inmediatamente con una disposición física o abstracta de tipo vectorial (ahí decimos más bien &lt;em&gt;poner en fila&lt;/em&gt;). Cuando alguien &lt;em&gt;se arregla&lt;/em&gt; lo que hace es acomodarse los cabellos, vestirse bien y limpio, etc.; no es que se acomoda físicamente en un lugar o dentro de una estructura. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuera de la profesión informática &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; no se relaciona con una disposición de objetos de un tipo determinado. Puede ocurrir que pensemos en un &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; de cosas como grupo bien dispuesto, pero no como en una fila o matriz. Un &lt;em&gt;ikebana&lt;/em&gt; es una forma de lo que llamamos &lt;em&gt;arreglo floral&lt;/em&gt;; es un orden deliberado pero asimétrico. Cuando hablamos de &lt;em&gt;arreglar&lt;/em&gt; algo estamos más cerca de pensarlo como una cuestión de armonía (estética o funcional) que de orden físico (una disposición de mínima entropía).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por todo lo anterior creo que &lt;em&gt;arreglo&lt;/em&gt; es una mala traducción de &lt;em&gt;array&lt;/em&gt;, y que deberíamos buscar otra palabra para designar este tipo de estructuras de datos, o bien resignarnos al anglicismo crudo, que por otra parte no requiere de mucha adaptación fonética.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T00:31:36.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27971" CreationDate="2019-04-18T10:14:44.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Este blog recoge dos posibilidades:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Origen&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Se asocia sin dificultad un vago con mantas por su querencia a estar entre ellas. Probablemente fuera ‘vago’ el primer significado que tomara esta expresión. El origen de manta con el sentido de inútil o poco hábil no está claro. Según A. Buitrago (Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas) es posible que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«las connotaciones negativas de la locución se identifiquen con la baja calidad del tejido de las mantas de antaño y con la suciedad y parásitos que en ellas se acumulaban».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otra parte, Buitrago ve una posible conexión con el lienzo en el que se escribían los nombres de los judíos que se convertían y que se colgaba en algunas iglesias del norte de España, especialmente en Navarra, entre los siglos XVI y XVII, y se pregunta lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;«¿No se llamaría también manta, a causa de una sencilla y común metonimia, como el trompeta o el maleta, al que apareciera en aquella lista? Desde luego, sería alguien con no muy buena fama entre sus vecinos».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, si consultamos el Mapa de diccionarios académicos, vemos que aún no se recogía en el Diccionario de 1925.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blasita.com/ser-un-manta-o-un-maleta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.blasita.com/ser-un-manta-o-un-maleta/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Además dice esto el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.robertexto.com/archivo17/insultos_p.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inventario general de insultos&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; en la sección de &amp;quot;Pelafustán&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Holgazán; persona indolente y despreciable que merodea por el pueblo en busca más de beneficio que de oficio; pobre de solemnidad sin voluntad ni fuerza para salir de su miseria. Como los términos &amp;quot;pelagallos y pelagatos&amp;quot;, es palabra compuesta, en este caso del verbo &amp;quot;pelar&amp;quot;, y del substantivo fustán = tela gruesa de algodón con pelo por una de sus caras. &lt;strong&gt;El pelafustán pasa tanto tiempo tumbado con la manta encima que llega a pelarla. Las expresiones: &amp;quot;andar con la manta&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;no quitarse la manta&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;ser un manta&amp;quot;, estan en relación con lo que decimos, cayendo de lleno en el ámbito de la holgazanería.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T10:20:11.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27971" CreationDate="2019-04-18T10:27:53.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como dice Charlie, es complicado rastrear el origen de este tipo de expresiones. Pero indagando un poco, he podido encontrar en algunas webs o libros algunas propuestas repetidas con variaciones. A la espera de que alguien haya dado con la explicación definitiva, os muestro aquí algunas de esas hipótesis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blasita.com/ser-un-manta-o-un-maleta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;En un blog&lt;/a&gt; se refieren al &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books/about/Diccionario_de_dichos_y_frases_hechas.html?id=UV23VTQe4PQC&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Diccionario de dichos y frases hechas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; de Buitrago, donde este refiere que&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;las connotaciones negativas de la locución se identifiquen con la baja calidad del tejido de las mantas de antaño y con la suciedad y parásitos que en ellas se acumulaban&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y cito del blog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;También ve una posible conexión con el lienzo en el que se escribían los nombres de los judíos que se convertían y que se colgaba en algunas iglesias del norte de España, especialmente en Navarra, entre los siglos XVI y XVII.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es una explicación que puede convencer, y que cito la primera por provenir de un trabajo publicado y contrastado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra explicación que aparece a menudo, sobre todo en webs relativas a Salamanca, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://mipuntodepartida.travelclub.es/5-curiosidades-de-alcala-de-henares-que-no-conocias/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://viajandocadadia.blogspot.com/2019/02/alcala-de-henares-ciudad-patrimonio-de.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;esta&lt;/a&gt;, relacionan la expresión con la manta de los estudiantes, ya sea la manta de los estudiantes pobres, o la manta de los suspendidos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los estudiantes que suspendían, se les podía identificar fácilmente siglos atrás porque portaban unas orejas de burro y una manta, siendo manteados a la puerta de la Universidad, de ahí surgió la expresión “ser un manta”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, en el &lt;a href=&quot;https://issuu.com/vjcasanova/docs/libro_de_los_insultos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inventario de los insultos&lt;/a&gt;, de Pancracio Celdrán, y que se puede consultar on-line, he encontrado otra explicación que relaciona manta también con pobreza:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Persona torpe y holgazana, sin oficio ni domicilio conocidos, que anda de un sitio a otro en busca de no se sabe qué. Del hecho de llevar estos individuos consigo la manta con que arroparse derivó el calificativo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En definitiva, no parece haber origen concreto y contrastado, y sí mucha especulación. Sin embargo, mientras no llegue esa explicación clara, me ha parecido interesante compartir estas otras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T10:27:53.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26273" CreationDate="2019-04-18T15:39:55.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gato en el norte argentino significa también ladrón. &quot;Sos un gato&quot; significa sos ladrón cuando es un uso en ese sentido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21643" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T16:56:27.043" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T16:56:27.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-18T15:51:12.583" Score="4" ViewCount="671" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Alguien puede explicar la diferencia entre las dos frases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por mí mismo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;por mi cuenta&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿'Por mi cuenta' significa solo puede estar con trabajo y 'por mí mismo' con acciones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21644" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T21:33:37.610" LastActivityDate="2019-04-19T20:52:06.490" Title="¿Cuál es la diferencia entre 'por mí mismo' y 'por mi cuenta'?" Tags="&lt;definiciones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29183" CreationDate="2019-04-18T20:28:10.140" Score="7" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given this sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Me dio un aventón que por poco me caigo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that it means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;He gave me a push and I almost fell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't figure out why they've use &quot;que&quot; instead of 'y' and why the second clause is in present tense when the sentence refers to the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to be a sentence structure based in consequence? &lt;em&gt;x happened because of y&lt;/em&gt;, but I can't find any explanation on this grammar usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21645" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T21:32:27.667" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T23:11:49.717" Title="What is the grammatical structure of 'Me dio un aventón que por poco me caigo'?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29182" CreationDate="2019-04-18T23:11:49.717" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; is a causative conjunction here. For the use of &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;, I'll be referring to §2.3 and 2.4 of the entry about &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=2VAvJgr6tD6bMa8swW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;que&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; in the DPD (&lt;em&gt;Diccionario Panhispánico de Dudas&lt;/em&gt;). Translating and summarizing, these say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Que&lt;/em&gt; introduces consecutive subordinate propositions, commonly coordinated with the adverbs &lt;em&gt;tan(to)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt; (English: &quot;so many, so much, such&quot;);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some colloquial sentences the first part (with &lt;em&gt;tan(to)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;tal&lt;/em&gt;) is omitted because it's more or less obvious.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;complete&quot; sentence in Spanish should then read&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me dio &lt;strong&gt;tal&lt;/strong&gt; aventón que por poco me caigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or a variant thereof like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Me dio un aventón &lt;strong&gt;tan fuerte&lt;/strong&gt; que por poco me caigo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is exactly parallel to the English usage or &lt;em&gt;such/so many/so much... that...&lt;/em&gt;, which would make the correct translation the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;He gave me &lt;strong&gt;such&lt;/strong&gt; a push &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; I almost fell.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; in the original sentence serves the purpose of suggesting the cause of the fall. It's not that you were pushed and then you fell; it's that you were pushed &lt;strong&gt;so hard that&lt;/strong&gt; you fell because of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the present tense in &lt;em&gt;...por poco me caigo&lt;/em&gt;, my answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/20961/14627&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; deals with it (the expression is not the same but the grammar is). Summarizing, it seems to be a phenomenon called &lt;em&gt;presente de conato&lt;/em&gt;. It's the use of the present tense to express an action that would have taken place in the past, and maybe started or seemed to start to develop, but didn't actually come to pass. It nearly always comes together with adverbs and phrases like &lt;em&gt;casi&lt;/em&gt; &quot;almost, barely&quot; or &lt;em&gt;por poco&lt;/em&gt; &quot;by a small amount&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T23:11:49.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29181" CreationDate="2019-04-19T20:52:06.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por mi cuenta&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;solo, sin ayuda de otras personas, de forma independiente&quot;, y también suele significar &quot;sin prestar atención a otras personas, sin seguir a nadie&quot;. La connotación es de independencia de criterio, de no obediencia, de no cuidarse de lo que hagan otras personas. Por eso se usa mucho para hablar de trabajos o emprendimientos, pero no es el único caso en que puede usarse esta expresión.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Por mí mismo&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;solo, sin ayuda, sin intervención externa&quot;. Algo parecido a &lt;em&gt;por mi cuenta&lt;/em&gt;, pero sin incluir la idea de criterio propio, sino más bien la de capacidad o iniciativa. También puede significa &quot;en beneficio propio, para mí mismo&quot;, pero es menos frecuente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Muchas veces los significados de estas dos frases son iguales pero se prefiere una o la otra según el contexto. Si hablo de trabajo independiente o de estar solo digo &lt;em&gt;trabajo por mi cuenta&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;estoy por mi cuenta&lt;/em&gt;. Si hablamos de beneficio propio digo &lt;em&gt;(hago algo) por mí mismo&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos ejemplos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella trabaja por su cuenta.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Ella es su propia jefa, es una trabajadora independiente.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Daré una fiesta por mi cuenta.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Daré una fiesta propia; no participaré en la fiesta de otras personas; organizaré mi propia fiesta.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fui por mi cuenta a buscarla.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Fui a buscarla solo, sin preguntarle a otros su opinión; fui a buscarla sin pedir a nadie que me acompañara.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con &lt;em&gt;por (mí, ti, si, etc.) mismo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer logró levantarse de la cama por sí mismo.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Ayer pudo levantarse solo de la cama, sin ayuda.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ella organizó la fiesta por sí misma.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Ella organizó la fiesta sola, sin ayuda, por iniciativa propia.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hazlo por ti mismo y no por los demás.&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;Hazlo para tu propio beneficio, no para beneficio de otras personas.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-19T20:52:06.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29128" CreationDate="2019-04-20T01:20:08.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good catch!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried googling it too, but I'm not finding what you found. If there's a name, for example a restaurant called &quot;Del Toro,&quot; then yes, you could have a sentence containing &quot;de Del Toro.&quot; (E.g. &lt;em&gt;Lo traje de Del Toro&lt;/em&gt;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastActivityDate="2019-04-20T01:20:08.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1493" CreationDate="2019-04-20T09:27:46.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To translate 'righteous' and 'righteousness' more specifically, there are the words &lt;em&gt;recto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;rectitud&lt;/em&gt;; differentiating from 'justice' which is &lt;em&gt;justicia&lt;/em&gt; in the context of how they function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21654" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-20T21:43:37.500" LastActivityDate="2019-04-20T21:43:37.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-20T10:16:23.157" Score="7" ViewCount="2135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes hear even quite educated people in Spain refer to anyone they seem to perceive to be a muslim/north-African/black immigrant as a &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt;. This isn't always used in an &lt;em&gt;explicitly&lt;/em&gt; derogatory sense, but the use of the term brings up uncomfortable parallels in my mind to how e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinky&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;chinky&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is used in English. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, although English-language publications &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/revisions/29187/6&quot;&gt;frequently&lt;/a&gt; describe &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; as a pejorative term, the RAE's DLE doesn't list any of the uses of &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=PqZDbAp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as pejorative (though definition 10 is tellingly negative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is this term seen as racist or derogatory in Spain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (specifically, by those it's used to refer to)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1. Note: I'm asking specifically about how the term is perceived in &lt;em&gt;Spain&lt;/em&gt;, not in other regional contexts e.g. how the term has been &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reappropriation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reappropriated&lt;/a&gt; by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moro_people&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bangsamoro people&lt;/a&gt; in the Philippines (similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/97514-racism-philippines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;filipino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; itself).&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T12:14:57.913" LastActivityDate="2019-09-27T07:34:10.197" Title="Is &quot;moro&quot; a racist term?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;españa&gt;&lt;lenguaje-peyorativo&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29128" CreationDate="2019-04-21T03:24:34.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sí, debería decir &quot;a pesar del apoyo&quot;. &quot;Del&quot; significa &quot;de el&quot;, entonces &quot;a pesar de del&quot; sería una repetición innecesaria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21658" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T03:24:34.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29194" CreationDate="2019-04-21T16:00:07.260" Score="0" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;Como se traduciría la siguiente frase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;now I’m where I belong&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora estoy donde pertenezco?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora estoy en donde pertenezco?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ahora estoy a donde pertenezco?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="258" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T21:46:29.930" Title="A donde, en donde, donde?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29192" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29195" CreationDate="2019-04-21T16:08:07.470" Score="1" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not very fluent in Spanish so I have a question,,,TT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the sentence 'No solo no puedo ver esto sino que también no puedo escuchar esto' correct?&#xA;(I intended to mean 'Not only I can't see this but also I can't hear this.')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused because in school I learned that I only have to use 'que' when the sentences are compared in the structure of 'no solo A sino también B'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I use 'que' only when the verbs are different, or should I use them also when the verb is same but it is in the form of sentence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea,,, I don't get it,,, Ayuda por favor TT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21661" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T22:06:53.547" Title="The use of 'que' when saying 'no solo A sino también B'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;vocabulario&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29202" CreationDate="2019-04-21T19:43:47.080" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard this phrase from a Colombia.  What is the meaning (not literal meaning)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21663" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T17:24:24.500" Title="What does &quot;Te ves como mataste un gato&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29191" CreationDate="2019-04-21T21:46:29.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Donde&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;en donde&lt;/em&gt; son &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qMMxvDB32D697zToZQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;igualmente válidos&lt;/a&gt; en una expresión como ésta, en la que se indica un lugar donde algo o alguien se encuentra (estático). Generalmente se dice &lt;em&gt;estar donde&lt;/em&gt; porque es más corto, pero &lt;em&gt;estar en donde&lt;/em&gt; también es correcto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No se dice &lt;em&gt;a donde&lt;/em&gt; (que también se escribe &lt;em&gt;adonde&lt;/em&gt;) porque la preposición &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; indica movimiento hacia un lugar, y éste no es el caso (&lt;em&gt;adonde&lt;/em&gt; se usa, por ejemplo, con &lt;em&gt;ir&lt;/em&gt;, en frases como &lt;em&gt;Vamos adonde quieras&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pertenecer&lt;/em&gt; no corresponde a esta acepción del verbo inglés &lt;em&gt;belong&lt;/em&gt;. Usarlo de esta manera es un anglicismo, que es común ver en las traducciones de películas, por ejemplo, pero que no es correcto en español. &quot;Now I’m where I belong&quot; debería traducirse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora estoy donde debo estar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o quizá&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora estoy donde me corresponde estar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o bien&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ahora estoy en el lugar donde debo estar.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T21:46:29.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29192" CreationDate="2019-04-21T22:00:18.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The structure you learned (&lt;em&gt;no sólo A sino también B&lt;/em&gt;) is fine, but in this case, when &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; is not a noun phrase but a complete proposition (a subsentence with its own verb), then it requires &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; before it (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=NVSKIU2kQD6AqlzZd7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DPD, &lt;em&gt;sino&lt;/em&gt;, 2.1&lt;/a&gt;). If &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; were a noun, you wouldn't need &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what you learned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no sólo [(pasa) algo]&lt;sub&gt;A&lt;/sub&gt; sino también [otra cosa]&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt; can be a noun phrase alone (&lt;em&gt;algo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;something&quot;) or it can have a verb (&lt;em&gt;pasa algo&lt;/em&gt; = &quot;something happens&quot;). It doesn't matter; the structure works the same for the first part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when the second part &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; is a full proposition (a subordinate sentence with a verb), you have to add &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;no sólo [(pasa) algo]&lt;sub&gt;A&lt;/sub&gt; sino &lt;strong&gt;que&lt;/strong&gt; también [pasa otra cosa]&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, see that &lt;em&gt;también no&lt;/em&gt; is wrong; in Spanish &lt;em&gt;también&lt;/em&gt; + a negative is rendered as &lt;em&gt;tampoco&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sólo no puedo ver esto sino que tampoco puedo escuchar esto.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The natural thing to do in a sentence like this, where the object of the two verbs in the two parts of the sentence is the same, is to replace the latter instance with a shorter &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/i.e.mackenzie/clitics.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clitic pronoun&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sólo no puedo ver &lt;strong&gt;esto&lt;/strong&gt; sino que tampoco puedo escuchar&lt;strong&gt;lo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, in this case you could shorten the sentence even more and get rid of the &lt;em&gt;que&lt;/em&gt; by making both parts of the sentence subordinate to the verb &lt;em&gt;puedo&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No sólo no puedo ver esto sino tampoco escucharlo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works, I think, because &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;ver esto&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; = &lt;em&gt;escucharlo&lt;/em&gt;; they both function as noun phrases and the main verb stays outside. (If this is too complex for you, forget it for now; just remember the general rules stated above.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastEditorUserId="14627" LastEditDate="2019-04-21T22:06:53.547" LastActivityDate="2019-04-21T22:06:53.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-22T06:56:34.447" Score="7" ViewCount="754" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando el origen de la expresión &lt;em&gt;hace un frío &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SMzsNUr#2yxcSp1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;que pela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; he llegado a ver algunas páginas más o menos respetables que cuentan una historia acerca de una expedición al Annapurna en 1950 en la que por el frío intenso unas almendras resultaron más fáciles de pelar que de costumbre.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco más, en la hemeroteca he encontrado de hecho casos de la expresión hasta en el siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yo no quiero levantarme,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;ni a estas horas salir fuera;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;que son las doce no mas,&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;y hace un frío que pela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diario curioso, histórico, erudito, comercial, civil y económico.&lt;/strong&gt; 24/12/1772, &lt;a href=&quot;http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003949448&amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;search=%22que%20pela%22&amp;amp;lang=es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;página 3&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Queda descartada pues la explicación de otras fuentes. Pero entonces, ¿qué es realmente lo que se pela cuando hace un frío que pela? ¿Desde cuándo se usa la expresión?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dato curioso: la expresión entró en el DLE en 1970 (muy reciente en comparación), y curiosamente con la posibilidad de poderse aplicar tanto a cosas frías como calientes, con el significado de &amp;quot;que producen una sensación extremada&amp;quot;. Cita como ejemplo: &amp;quot;esta sopa está que pela&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2020-07-02T13:12:39.180" LastActivityDate="2020-07-03T15:25:32.897" Title="¿Qué se pela cuando hace &quot;un frío que pela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;tiempo-meteorológico&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27971" CreationDate="2019-04-22T09:26:02.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me atrevo a dar una explicación alternativa, que no he podido contrastar pero que me parece más plausible por su sencillez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La expresión &lt;em&gt;ser un manta&lt;/em&gt; o también &lt;em&gt;ser una manta&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OGLG0tA#69DfjSJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;según el diccionario&lt;/a&gt;, se usa para describir a un holgazán o a un inútil. La expresión es relativamente reciente, aparece recogida en el libro &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=cG4JAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22un%20manta%22&amp;amp;dq=%22un%20manta%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwir__qGpePhAhVOyxoKHeL_AKo4ChDoAQgxMAI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vivir en Madrid&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, de 1967, y también en el &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=nmk2AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22un%20manta%22&amp;amp;dq=%22un%20manta%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwir__qGpePhAhVOyxoKHeL_AKo4ChDoAQhKMAg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Archivo de filología aragonesa&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, de 1958:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PEREZA: &lt;em&gt;manta&lt;/em&gt; com. 'persona perezosa', por ejemplo: &lt;em&gt;Pepe 's un manta n' ha 'rrancau los garbazos&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más allá no encuentro ejemplos exactos, pero sí casos de otra expresión muy similar: &lt;em&gt;manta mojada&lt;/em&gt;. El primero lo veo en la hemeroteca de la BNE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] y si otro es su sentir bajará la cabeza y le vendrá muy ancho, que no soy&#xA;  yo ninguna manta mojada, y cuando yo digo quiero y mando...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El Álbum de las familias (Barcelona).&lt;/strong&gt; 9/9/1860, página 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Más:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mi primo era un infeliz... un melancólico... una manta mojada...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revista ilustrada.&lt;/strong&gt; 16/2/1881, página 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión también es de uso en Ecuador, según el DLE y &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=manta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;el DAMER&lt;/a&gt;, donde se define como &quot;&lt;em&gt;referido a persona&lt;/em&gt;, falta de coraje y determinación&quot;. Y de hecho en 1869 se recoge en el &lt;em&gt;Domínguez Suplemento&lt;/em&gt; como:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ser una manta mojada;&lt;/em&gt; fr. fam. Ser inútil, no servir para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y anteriormente en el &lt;em&gt;Salvá&lt;/em&gt; de 1846:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SER UNA MANTA MOJADA. fr. fam. Ser inútil, no servir para nada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y también aparece la expresión recogida en un &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=QMtFAAAAcAAJ&amp;amp;pg=RA1-PA51&amp;amp;dq=%22manta%20mojada%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwiSie-2sOPhAhUFxhoKHUVDAwgQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22manta%20mojada%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diccionario español-francés de 1805&lt;/a&gt;. Por lo visto en francés existe además la expresión &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=8qKU9e0ilVcC&amp;amp;pg=PA177&amp;amp;dq=%22manta%20mojada%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwig5LDqruPhAhXtxoUKHV4wCOMQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22manta%20mojada%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cubrirse con una manta mojada&lt;/a&gt;&quot; con el significado de &quot;agravar una falta con una mala excusa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego la expresión &lt;em&gt;ser una manta mojada&lt;/em&gt; ya tenía en el siglo XIX el mismo significado que el actual &lt;em&gt;ser un manta&lt;/em&gt;. No sería descabellado que la expresión acabara acortándose eliminando lo de &lt;em&gt;mojada&lt;/em&gt;, y se quedara en &lt;em&gt;ser una manta&lt;/em&gt;, y de ahí se masculinizara el sustantivo cuando se aplicaba como adjetivo a personas del mismo sexo masculino (entiendo que se usa &lt;em&gt;ser una manta&lt;/em&gt; cuando se aplica a mujeres).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, el origen se trasladaría al origen de &quot;manta mojada&quot;, el cual entiendo que proviene del uso de &lt;em&gt;manta&lt;/em&gt; como algo con lo que te cubres para entrar en calor, cosa que es inútil si la manta está mojada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El problema que le veo a esta teoría es el salto temporal tan grande que hay desde los últimos usos en España de &lt;em&gt;ser una manta mojada&lt;/em&gt;, hacia el último cuarto del siglo XIX, y los primeros usos de &lt;em&gt;ser un manta&lt;/em&gt;, de mediados del siglo XX. En Ecuador la expresión &lt;em&gt;manta mojada&lt;/em&gt; parece ser del primer tercio del siglo XX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-22T09:40:01.853" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T09:40:01.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29201" CreationDate="2019-04-22T10:20:59.220" Score="3" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro_del_Pinatar#Toponimia_y_gentilicio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;San Pedro del Pinatar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; es una localidad que debe su nombre, en parte, a que antiguamente era &lt;em&gt;«una extensa masa forestal donde abundaban los pinos»&lt;/em&gt;, llamada simplemente &lt;strong&gt;El Pinatar&lt;/strong&gt;. Se entiende entonces que &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pinatar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tendrá un significado parecido a &lt;strong&gt;pinar&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y efectivamente, aunque hoy en día ya no aparece &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pinatar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en el diccionario, si buscamos en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://buscon.rae.es/ntlle/SrvltGUILoginNtlle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLLE&lt;/a&gt; podemos comprobar que sí estaba contemplada con ese significado entre 1925 y 1989, en diferentes ediciones y versiones del Diccionario de la Academia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MZ99k.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MZ99k.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, no termino de ver clara la etimología de la palabra, y ninguna de las entradas del NTLLE la incluye.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso del sufijo &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-ar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; para formar sustantivos colectivos referidos a árboles y plantas, es bien conocido: &lt;em&gt;pino → pinar, limón → limonar, castaño → castañar, olivo → olivar, rosal → rosalar&lt;/em&gt; (este último no está recogido tampoco en el DLE pero se encuentra en topónimos de mi zona).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sin embargo, en este caso el sufijo parece ser &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;-atar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;pino → pinatar&lt;/em&gt;. Y no conozco ningún caso de uso de este sufijo para formar este tipo de sustantivos, ni me ha parecido ver ninguno tampoco al &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?w=atar&amp;amp;m=32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;buscar en el DLE palabras terminadas en &lt;em&gt;-atar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (la más parecida, &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=S87XLtx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;patatar&lt;/a&gt;, viene en realidad de &lt;em&gt;patata + -ar&lt;/em&gt;, así que no vale).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entonces, ¿de dónde viene &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pinatar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;? ¿Cómo se formó? ¿Hay otros ejemplos similares de uso de este supuesto sufijo &lt;em&gt;-atar&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T10:59:37.453" Title="Etimología de &quot;pinatar&quot;" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;sufijos&gt;&lt;nombres-colectivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29200" CreationDate="2019-04-22T10:45:44.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Viene de &lt;em&gt;pinato&lt;/em&gt;, palabra típica de la región de Murcia, donde se encuentra la localidad de San Pedro del Pinatar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=T2AknFp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pinato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;m. &lt;em&gt;Mur.&lt;/em&gt; Pino tierno y de poca altura, cuyas ramas tocan el suelo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luego en &lt;em&gt;pinatar&lt;/em&gt; simplemente se ha añadido el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=3NNxyGS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; que mencionas en el cuerpo de la pregunta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La palabra &lt;em&gt;pinato&lt;/em&gt; como de uso en la región de Murcia aparece recogida por primera vez en el Pagés de 1925, con la misma definición que la actual del DLE. Esta fue adoptada por el &lt;em&gt;Academia Manual&lt;/em&gt; de la RAE de 1927, y añadida al &lt;em&gt;Academia Usual&lt;/em&gt; en 1936. Aunque no aparece su etimología explícita, entiendo que &lt;em&gt;pinato&lt;/em&gt; se forma con el sufijo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=4GZKKGk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, usado para designar a las crías de algunos animales, como &lt;em&gt;cervato&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;ballenato&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por último, rebuscando en el fichero de la RAE veo que la voz &lt;em&gt;pinato&lt;/em&gt; aparece recogida en el &lt;em&gt;Vocabulario murciano&lt;/em&gt; de Alberto Sevilla, de 1919.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-22T10:59:37.453" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T10:59:37.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29193" CreationDate="2019-04-22T17:13:16.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This saying is about one´s facial and physical expression. &quot;You looked like you killed a cat&quot; tells that someone is terrified, trouble-some, perhaps. Since there´s an old believe that if you kill a cat, you'll get bad luck. I'm Colombian, and that's the use I have personally experienced for this expression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-22T17:24:24.500" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T17:24:24.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29203" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29204" CreationDate="2019-04-22T17:30:38.207" Score="0" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit confused as to the different uses of said phrases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding of them is -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;según - according to.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;según conoció (este diario) - This newspaper was informed...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;según supo (este diario) - This newspaper discovered...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find any information on this anywhere and I'm not even certain that my translations are correct. They seem to appear regularly in newspaper articles however.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully someone can enlighten me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21645" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T18:49:29.683" Title="Uso de 'según', 'según conoció' y 'según supo'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29203" CreationDate="2019-04-22T18:49:29.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most accurate translation for &quot;según&quot; is the one that you indicated first: &quot;according to&quot;.&#xA;The second and third sentences are some free/poetical application of the term &quot;according to&quot; and they both translate to: &quot;According to the information obtained by (this newspaper)...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I find those sentences a bit weird but that's one of the difficulties of Spanish, so many people speaking it! :))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15184" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T18:49:29.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29208" CreationDate="2019-04-22T21:18:50.510" Score="2" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a beginner in this language and I want to translate the phrase &quot;Through-The-Door population&quot; into Spanish. The context is the following:&#xA;Credit scoring models are usually developed using the accepted Known Good-Bad applicants, called KGB model. Yet, the KGB model does not represent the entire Through-The-Door population&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los modelos de puntaje de crédito generalmente se desarrollan utilizando los solicitantes aceptados, (conocidos buenos y malos), llamado modelo KGB. Sin embargo, el modelo KGB no representa a toda la población a través de la puerta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That sounds like funny &quot;población a través de la puerta&quot;.&#xA;Can someone help me?&#xA;Thanks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21671" OwnerDisplayName="Sandra Guerrero" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T23:17:19.067" Title="Through-The-Door population, translation" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29207" CreationDate="2019-04-22T22:32:57.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say &quot;modelos de calificación crediticia&quot; for &quot;credit scoring models&quot;. The phrase &quot;conocidos buenos y malos&quot; is wrong: it should be &quot;buenos y malos conocidos&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;through-the-door population&quot; I'd suggest &quot;solicitantes de crédito&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scoreplus.com/papers/glossary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a definition of &quot;Through-the-door population&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All the applicants for any particular credit or financial product irrespective of the final accept/reject decision. Sometimes abbreviated to TTD population.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My translation would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los modelos de calificación crediticia por lo general se desarrollan a partir de / sobre la base de los solicitantes aceptados (buenos y malos conocidos), modelo denominado &quot;KGB&quot; por su sigla en inglés. Sin embargo, el modelo KGB no representa a todos los solicitantes de crédito.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="14676" LastEditDate="2019-04-22T22:47:17.933" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T22:47:17.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14906" CreationDate="2019-04-22T22:38:03.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tengo 72 años de edad y desde que tengo uso de razón digo esta palabra porque en mi país Colombia en la región caribe, principalmente en Barranquilla, es muy común y mis antepasados la decían y por eso las generaciones en generación se aprende. Es expresar que es bueno, bonito, hermoso, mejor dicho todo lo bueno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21673" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T22:38:03.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29207" CreationDate="2019-04-22T23:17:19.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spanish we do not have an idiom equivalent to &quot;through the door population&quot;, you can probably say &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;la gente que entra por la puerta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;people who cross the door&quot;), but it would be incomprehensible in the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should translate it properly as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;el universo de solicitantes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;all of applicants&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6915" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T23:17:19.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-22T23:45:03.757" Score="10" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/494606/how-would-you-say-es-muy-psic%C3%B3logo/494613#494613&quot;&gt;ELU&lt;/a&gt; se planteó una pregunta interesante, en cuya respuesta participé: el caso de sustantivos &amp;quot;adjetivados&amp;quot; por el adverbio &amp;quot;muy&amp;quot; en la lengua coloquial (no me parece que el tema haya sido tratado en este sitio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Existe un uso sarcástico de la construcción, como cuando se dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por &lt;strong&gt;muy doctor&lt;/strong&gt; que sea, no tiene derecho a faltar el respeto a los demás.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Será &lt;strong&gt;muy ingeniero&lt;/strong&gt;, pero no sabe redactar un informe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mi pregunta es: ¿Cuál es su percepción sobre la oración &amp;quot;Es muy psicólogo&amp;quot;? ¿Es una oración para realzar la actitud psicológica de alguien? ¿O es una oración destinada a indicar que la persona en cuestión no es un psicólogo cualquiera, uno del montón, sino uno muy bueno o muy especial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14676" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-10-27T15:29:24.660" Title="¿Cómo interpretan &quot;es muy psicólogo&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29211" CreationDate="2019-04-23T00:07:57.883" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depende del contexto, pero mi interpretación es que la persona en cuestión, tenga o no un título en psicología, se comporta en demasía como tal, fuera del ámbito de la práctica psicológica.&#xA;Por ejemplo, analizando a sus pares, o utilizando léxico propio de la psicología.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T01:39:49.917" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T01:39:49.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-23T06:19:58.153" Score="9" ViewCount="2256" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siguiendo con las &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/29197/12637&quot;&gt;preguntas referentes al verbo pelar&lt;/a&gt;, se me ocurre también preguntar qué se pela cuando uno corre que se las pela.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SMzsNUr#GZPRcKB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;que se las pela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. adv. coloq. Con gran vehemencia o rapidez. &lt;em&gt;Corre, escribe, grita que se las pela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta expresión proviene de esta otra:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SMzsNUr#2yqTkqC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pelárselas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;loc. verb. coloq. Apetecer algo con vehemencia. &lt;em&gt;Se las pela por figurar.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y aquí viene lo bueno: esta expresión es tan antigua que ya aparece registrada en el &lt;em&gt;Diccionario de autoridades&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PELARSELAS. Phrase con que se dá à entender que alguno apetece ò executa alguna cosa con veheméncia, actividad, ò eficacia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El diccionario cita además a Quevedo como ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Isabel, que se las pela,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  soltó la taza y el jarro, [...].&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, &quot;Jácaras&quot;, c 1610 - a 1645 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por tanto, en el siglo XVII ya se usaba la expresión. Ahora bien, ¿qué se pela cuando alguien &lt;em&gt;se las pela&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T13:58:35.813" Title="¿Qué se pela cuando uno &quot;corre que se las pela&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29197" CreationDate="2019-04-23T06:26:51.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buscando información para otra expresión referente al verbo &lt;em&gt;pelar&lt;/em&gt;, resulta que he encontrado que la expresión &lt;em&gt;hacer un frío que pela&lt;/em&gt; es como unos 100 años más antigua que el ejemplo del siglo XVIII que puse en la pregunta, solo que se usaba de otra forma:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ayer mañana, día de la Candelaria, amaneció Madrid con una nieve de media vara, y hace un frío que se las pela.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jerónimo de Barrionuevo, &quot;Avisos. Tomos I, II, III y IV.&quot;, 1654 - 1658 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta versión de la expresión aparece ya registrada en el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PELARSELAS. Phrase con que se dá à entender que alguno apetece ò executa alguna cosa con veheméncia, actividad, ò eficacia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es decir, la expresión originalmente usaba la forma verbal &lt;em&gt;pelárselas&lt;/em&gt;, con el mismo significado que se le da hoy día en expresiones como &quot;corre que se las pela&quot;, es decir, con el sentido de &quot;hacer algo con vehemencia y eficacia&quot;. Así pues, traslado la pregunta para averiguar esto otro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/29213/12637&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;Qu&amp;#233; se pela cuando uno &amp;quot;corre que se las pela&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T06:26:51.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-23T07:22:24.753" Score="9" ViewCount="3614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahora que día sí día también uso el estribillo &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=9qtzRMN#8yefj3A&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;colorín colorado, este cuento se ha acabado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; cada vez que termino de leerles un cuento a los niños, me preguntaba desde cuándo se usa. Así que me puse a buscar información, y lo primero que encuentro es que al parecer un &lt;em&gt;colorín&lt;/em&gt; es un tipo de pájaro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;COLORIN. s. m. Lo mismo que Xilguero. Dixose assí por lo pintado y vario de sus plumas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Esta definición es de 1729, aunque en diccionarios anteriores del siglo XVII parece que &lt;em&gt;colorín&lt;/em&gt; se define como un tipo de rojo. Por tanto, tenemos dos opciones: que &lt;em&gt;colorín colorado&lt;/em&gt; se refiere a un pájaro rojo o sencillamente sea una forma redundante de referirse al color rojo. Posiblemente sea una expresión usada sencillamente por su sonido y rima, más que por su significado. Sin embargo, un texto del mismo siglo XVII (extraído del CORDE) ofrece un giro de tuerca a la historia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;—¿Eres Satanás? —prosiguió el estudiante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ése es demonio de sastres y carniceros —volvió la voz a repetille.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Eres Bercebú? —volvió a preguntalle don Cleofás.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Y la voz a respondelle:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ése es demonio de tahúres, amancebados y carreteros.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —¿Eres Barrabás, Belial, Astarot? —finalmente le dijo el estudiante.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Ésos son demonios de mayores ocupaciones —le respondió la voz—: demonio más por menudo soy, aunque me meto en todo; yo soy las pulgas del infierno, la chisme, el enredo, la usura, la mohatra; yo truje al mundo la zarabanda, el déligo, la chacona, el bullicuzcuz, las cosquillas de la capona, el guiriguirigay, el zambapalo, la mariona, el avilipinti, el pollo, la carretería, el hermano Bartolo, el carcañal, el guineo, el colorín colorado; yo inventé las pandorgas, las jácaras, las papalatas, los comos, las mortecinas, los títeres, los volatines, los saltambancos, los maesecorales y, al fin, yo me llamo el Diablo Cojuelo.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Luis Vélez de Guevara, &quot;El diablo cojuelo&quot;, 1641 (España).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=jApvWyjuaZgC&amp;amp;pg=PA5-IA2&amp;amp;dq=%22color%C3%ADn%20colorado%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi_vJK7n-bhAhUGxYUKHbHcDzI4FBDoAQhUMAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22color%C3%ADn%20colorado%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Original en Google Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hay multitud de palabras que desconocía en este texto, pero lo curioso es que aparece la expresión &lt;em&gt;colorín colorado&lt;/em&gt; en una lista de bailes. Los enumero:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=cNhnlFj&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zarabanda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Danza popular española de los siglos XVI y XVII, que fue frecuentemente censurada por los moralistas. El &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; dice literalmente que el baile se hace con movimientos &quot;poco modestos&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Déligo&lt;/em&gt;: No encuentro definiciones, pero sí este texto de 1605: &lt;em&gt;Vi de lejos que había baile y, pardiez, no me pude contener, que, sin apearme de la carreta, puse en razón mis castañuelas y en el aire repiqué mis castañetas de repica punto, a lo deligo, y di dos vueltas a buen son.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=8SDRmac&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chacona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Baile español de los siglos XVI y XVII, muy extendido por Europa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bullicuzcuz&lt;/em&gt;: Valgan estos versos de Quevedo: &lt;em&gt;Zarabullí, ay, bullí, / bullí, de zarabullí; / bullicuzcuz de la Veracruz. / Yo me bullo y me meneo, / me bailo, me zangoteo, / me refocilo y recreo / por medio maravedí.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Capona&lt;/em&gt;: Según el &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt;, &quot;son ò baile à modo de la Mariona; pero mas rápido y bullicioso, con el qual y à cuyo tañido se cantan varias coplillas&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Guiriguirigay&lt;/em&gt;: Sin definición pero encuentro un texto de 1656 en el que dos músicos cantan esta letra: &lt;em&gt;¡Ay! ¡Ay! / ¡Ay! ¡Reay! / ¡Tatara, ay! / ¡Guiri, guiri, guirigay!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=cJAq5aW&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zambapalo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Danza grotesca traída de las Indias Occidentales, que se usó en España durante los siglos XVI y XVII.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=OQklMRI&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mariona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Especie de danza antigua.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Avilipinti&lt;/em&gt;: Solo encuentro una ficha en el fichero general de la RAE, que parece confirmar que el autor del texto citado da una lista de los bailes populares de la época.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pollo&lt;/em&gt;: No encuentro nada acerca de un baile dado lo común de la palabra, pero debió de ser algo parecido al baile de los pajaritos.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=7gzlg7B&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Carretería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Baile del siglo XVII a imitación de los que usaban los carreteros y trajinantes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El hermano Bartolo&lt;/em&gt;: Una ficha del fichero general de la RAE confirma que era un baile popular de la época, con letra propia, que se bailaba por parejas dispuestas en filas de ambos sexos y que, alternativamente y cuando lo indica la copla, se remudan él o ella.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carcañal&lt;/em&gt;: Igual que con &lt;em&gt;avilipinti&lt;/em&gt;, solo encuentro algunas fichas en el fichero general que confirman que era un baile popular típico de la época.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=JqZuTvT&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guineo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Cierto baile de movimientos violentos y gestos cómicos, que era propio de la gente de raza negra. El &lt;em&gt;Autoridades&lt;/em&gt; dice que se baila con gestos &quot;poco decentes&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Para rematar esta retahíla cita &quot;el colorín colorado&quot;. Lo que ignoro es si lo hace usando la expresión usada en los cuentos para decir &quot;hasta aquí la lista de bailes&quot;, o si por entonces la expresión no se usaba en los cuentos, y realmente el colorín colorado era un tipo de baile. Si es así se abre la posibilidad de que el estribillo usado en los cuentos haga referencia a un baile. Sin embargo, este uso de &lt;em&gt;colorín colorado&lt;/em&gt; parece anecdótico, puesto que el primer uso escrito de la expresión aplicada a los cuentos lo encuentro en un &lt;em&gt;Quijote&lt;/em&gt; comentado de 1781 &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=OrM9AQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;q=%22color%C3%ADn%20colorado%22&amp;amp;dq=%22color%C3%ADn%20colorado%22&amp;amp;hl=es&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi_vJK7n-bhAhUGxYUKHbHcDzI4FBDoAQhQMAc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;según Ngram&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;[...] que de casta le viene al galgo ser rabilargo, que en boca cerrada no entran moscas, que al buen callar llaman Sancho, y como el cuento era colorín, colorado se fué por el alto del tejado [...].&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así pues, indaguemos para ver si realmente hay alguna relación entre la expresión y el baile o si fue pura casualidad. ¿Desde cuándo se usa el estribillo &quot;colorín colorado&quot; para finalizar los cuentos? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T13:04:50.513" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T22:42:56.383" Title="Origen del estribillo &quot;colorín colorado&quot; para finalizar cuentos" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29211" CreationDate="2019-04-23T12:48:48.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En mi opinión también depende mucho del contexto, pero yo asocio la expresión 'es muy psicólogo', como 'tiene mucha psicología' en relación a alguien con mucha comprensión de los demás, mucha profundidad en el análisis del comportamiento de la gente, incluso mucha intuición. En fin, yo lo relaciono normalmente con algo positivo, con un halago, así lo utilizo yo y lo oigo a menudo. Sin embargo. como comentáis, está claro que el contexto puede darle a la frase un tono decididamente sarcástico.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20781" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T12:48:48.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29215" CreationDate="2019-04-23T13:14:12.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Colorín colorado&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tenemos esta definición del siglo XVIII:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;COLORíN, &lt;strong&gt;ó&lt;/strong&gt; COLORíN COLORáDO, ſe dice como jocoſamente , de una tela , ó coſa mui pintada , ó teñida de muchos , y lucidos colores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rpVgQDEcD7kC&amp;amp;pg=PA463&amp;amp;dq=%22color%C3%ADn+colorado%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes y sus ...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1786)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sé si venía primero el significado del baile (a que también se refiere en una nota en una edición de la misma década de &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=pdANAAAAQAAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA387&amp;amp;dq=%22colorin+colorado%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don Quixote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;), o del color, o a cuál refiere el estribillo, pero según el CORDE y &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=color%C3%ADn+colorado&amp;amp;year_start=1000&amp;amp;year_end=2000&amp;amp;corpus=21&amp;amp;smoothing=3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google ngrams&lt;/a&gt; no se usaba mucho el estribillo hasta el siglo XIX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso más antiguo que he encontrado es esto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... que de casta le viene al galgo ser rabilargo, que en boca cerrada no entran moscas, que al buen callar llaman Sancho, &lt;strong&gt;y como el cuento era colorín, colorado&lt;/strong&gt; se fué por el alto del tejado del Palacio Parnaso submarino ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OrM9AQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;dq=%22color%C3%ADn+colorado%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rudolph Schevill Cervantes collection, Volume 232&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1781)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Frases para acabar un cuento&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;El uso de un &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_upon_a_time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'stock phrase'&lt;/a&gt; para empezar o terminar un cuento es común de muchos idiomas y culturas e.j. &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Once upon a time... and they lived happily ever after.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Érase una vez... colorín, colorado, este cuento se ha acabado.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adicionalmente, muchas de estas frases emplean rimas y ideas incongruentes (cf. los ejemplos Nepalí y Turco en el enlace arriba).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En catalán en particular, hay una frase muy similar de la de castellano:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vet aquí un gat, vet aquí un gos, aquest conte ja s'ha fos.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I vet aquí un gos, vet aquí un gat, aquest conte s'ha acabat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así, creo que (como tú dices) &amp;quot;colorín colorado se refiere a... una expresión usada sencillamente por su sonido y rima, más que por su significado.&amp;quot; como muchos otros ejemplos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podemos ver esto definitivamente en las frases alternativas :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;arroz&lt;/strong&gt; crudo, para el diablo barbudo,&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;arroz&lt;/strong&gt; de munición, para el diablo rabón,&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;Y &lt;strong&gt;arroz&lt;/strong&gt; de Calcuta, para el diablo hijo de puta.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fórmulas con que se suele terminar el relato de los cuentos o consejos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.org/details/diccionarioderef01sbaruoft/page/68&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de refranes, adagios, proverbios modismos, locuciones y frases proverbiales de la lengua espanola&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1920)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T13:31:16.117" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29222" CreationDate="2019-04-23T13:33:41.980" Score="17" ViewCount="6484" Body="&lt;p&gt;Red flags are literally used to signal a problem and it can also be &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_flag_(idiom)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;used as a metaphor&lt;/a&gt; to convey that the is a particular problem required attention or something that needs to be taken into account, or signals something problematic that needs attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example (from a quick search on the Internet):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Controlling behavior is a red flag in a relationship&lt;/strong&gt;. &amp;quot;[...] these people or simply feel the need to control where you go and who you associate with, limiting your world to allow in only what is important to them&amp;quot;. From &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/in-flux/201407/10-relationship-red-flags&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;10 Relationship Red Flags&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rudeness in a job interview is a red flag&lt;/strong&gt;. &amp;quot;Rudeness is a pretty simple red flag to spot. It can come in a couple of different guises though...&amp;quot;. From &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://beamery.com/blog/interview-red-flags&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The 8 Biggest Interview Red Flags&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to hire a contractor and they ask for too much money upfront, that is a red flag. &amp;quot;[...] a contractor who asks for more than 15% upfront should elicit an uh-oh feeling.&amp;quot; From &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.realtor.com/advice/home-improvement/hiring-contractor-red-flags/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beware of These 8 Red Flags When Hiring a Contractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt that the literal translation, &amp;quot;bandera roja&amp;quot; is used in Spanish (never heard of it), but it could be the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si un contratista te pide demasiado dinero por adelantado, eso es una &lt;em&gt;bandera roja&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si tu pareja te controla los mensajes del teléfono y el email, eso es una &lt;em&gt;bandera roja&lt;/em&gt; en la relación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you translate the idiom &amp;quot;red flag&amp;quot; into Spanish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T04:02:42.497" Title="How to translate &quot;red flag&quot; into Spanish?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-23T14:08:15.573" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concuerdo con los comentarios, que &lt;strong&gt;señal de alarma/advertencia/peligro/etc&lt;/strong&gt; es una buena traducción si se tiene que traducir de forma general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eso dicho, en contextos concretos, también sería posible emplear algún sustantivo más el adjetivo &lt;em&gt;alarmante&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Si tu pareja te controla los mensajes del teléfono y el email, eso es &lt;em&gt;un comportamiento &lt;strong&gt;alarmante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en la relación.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;La descortesía en una entrevista es &lt;em&gt;una actitud &lt;strong&gt;alarmante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Es (&lt;em&gt;una práctica) &lt;strong&gt;alarmante&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; que un contratista te pida demasiado dinero por adelantado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T14:08:15.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-23T14:14:00.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traducir como &quot;&lt;strong&gt;alerta roja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A su consideración el siguiente ejemplo real práctico:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En Colombia la entidad que observa e informa sobre el clima, (conocida como &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ideam.gov.co/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IDEAM&lt;/a&gt; &quot;Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales&quot;) usa colores para indicar el nivel de riesgo de un evento, como el aumento del nivel de un río:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;alerta amarilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  nivel bajo, el nivel del río está subiendo y se debe seguir monitoreando, advertir a la población.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;alerta naranja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  nivel medio, el nivel del río está llegando a su cota máxima; se advierte a los residentes próximos al río que deben desalojar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;alerta roja&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  nivel alto, el río empezó a desbordarse o se desbordó; situación de máxima criticidad y se declara calamidad natural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorDisplayName="user20093" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T18:20:28.950" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T18:20:28.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-23T15:22:24.370" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR: Red flag == Mala señal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spaniard here!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The metaphorical use of &quot;red flag&quot; is an English idiom. Usually, you don't want to &lt;em&gt;translate&lt;/em&gt; an idiom (and you should &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt; translate them literally, although it's a common practice), you just interpret its meaning and build a new sentence that conveys the same or similar meaning. So, definitely, no &quot;banderas rojas&quot; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I see it, you have 2 alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Just keep the meaning and discard the idea of &quot;idiom&quot; altogether, in which case expressions such as the suggested &quot;señal de alerta&quot; would be appropriate. However, a more direct translation in my opinion would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;mala señal&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. But it's not exactly an idiom, you are just saying that it's a signal and that it's bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un comportamiento controlador es una &lt;strong&gt;mala señal&lt;/strong&gt; en una relación.*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Keep the meaning &lt;em&gt;plus the notion of using an idiom to convey said meaning&lt;/em&gt;. In this case, you need a Spanish idiom to do the same job. The problem is, AFAIK, this particular idiom doesn't exist in (peninsular) Spanish, and you need rebuild the sentence from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible candidates to use in this second case would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuidado&lt;/strong&gt; con los candidatos que se muestran maleducados durante la entrevista.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mucho ojo&lt;/strong&gt; con los contratistas que quieren cobrar demasiado por adelantado.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that these idioms are somewhat informal in Spanish. However, if you want to be &lt;em&gt;extra&lt;/em&gt; informal, try something like &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Al loro&lt;/strong&gt; con los contratistas (...)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Note: &quot;Controlling behavior&quot; can have 2 meanings in English, &quot;controlling&quot; can work as an adjective or as a verb. I assume the former for this translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21681" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T20:53:12.657" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T20:53:12.657" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29069" CreationDate="2019-04-23T16:13:21.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando un lenguaje de programación tiene la capacidad de manejar variables de tipo &lt;strong&gt;arreglo&lt;/strong&gt; (o &lt;strong&gt;array&lt;/strong&gt;) se refiere a que puede construir y manipular variables con subíndice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En informática &lt;strong&gt;matrices&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;vectores&lt;/strong&gt; y &lt;strong&gt;listas&lt;/strong&gt; se refieren a objetos o entidades diferentes y no son intercambiables.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una variable de tipo &lt;strong&gt;arreglo&lt;/strong&gt; es de 1 dimensión, entonces se asimila al concepto matemático de  &lt;strong&gt;vector&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si una variable de tipo &lt;strong&gt;arreglo&lt;/strong&gt; es de 2 o más dimensiones, entonces  se asimila al concepto matemático de &lt;strong&gt;matriz&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Respecto a las &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_enlazada&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;listas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; en informática se refiere una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estructura_de_datos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;estructura de datos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que es una secuencia de nodos unidos por punteros o enlaces al siguiente nodo o al anterior nodo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Algunos lenguajes de programación permiten crear variables de tipo &lt;strong&gt;lista&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;En otros lenguajes hay que usar variables de tipo &lt;strong&gt;arreglo&lt;/strong&gt; para simular el comportamiento de una &lt;strong&gt;lista&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Es por todo esto que la palabra &lt;strong&gt;arreglo&lt;/strong&gt; está extendida y de uso aceptado en la documentación en español que tenga que ver con el concepto informático de &lt;strong&gt;array&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ejemplo de documentación:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://postparaprogramadores.com/como-declarar-un-arreglo-en-c/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Todo sobre como declarar un arreglo en c++&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastEditorUserId="19389" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T13:59:10.373" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T13:59:10.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29173" CreationDate="2019-04-23T18:19:48.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;comillas. 1. Signo ortográfico doble del cual se usan diferentes tipos&#xA;  en español: las comillas angulares, también llamadas latinas o&#xA;  españolas (« »), las inglesas (“ ”) y las simples (‘ ’). Las comillas&#xA;  inglesas y las simples se escriben en la parte alta del renglón,&#xA;  mientras que las angulares se escriben centradas. En los textos&#xA;  impresos, se recomienda utilizar en primera instancia las comillas&#xA;  angulares, reservando los otros tipos para cuando deban&#xA;  entrecomillarse partes de un texto ya entrecomillado. En este caso,&#xA;  las comillas simples se emplearán en último lugar: «Antonio me dijo:&#xA;  “Vaya ‘cacharro’ que se ha comprado Julián”». Las comillas se escriben&#xA;  pegadas a la primera y la última palabra del período que enmarcan, y&#xA;  separadas por un espacio de las palabras o signos que las preceden o&#xA;  las siguen; pero si lo que sigue a las comillas de cierre es un signo&#xA;  de puntuación, no se deja espacio entre ambos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From: signos ortográficos: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qXGSxldBKD6hqrTMMo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=qXGSxldBKD6hqrTMMo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;COMILLAS: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SSTAZ5sDyD6h59vijX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lema.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?id=SSTAZ5sDyD6h59vijX&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17935" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T18:19:48.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-23T19:38:13.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una expresión que ahora se está poniendo de moda es la de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cruzar una línea roja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Con esta expresión se mantendría el toque de rojo de la expresión original. El sentido sería el de haber traspasado un umbral de no retorno.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los ejemplos quedarían así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ser descortés en una entrevista es cruzar una línea roja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Controlar el comportamiento en una relación es cruzar una línea roja.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y el titulo del artículo quedaría así:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diez líneas rojas que no se deben cruzar en una relación.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T19:38:13.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-23T20:43:32.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that finding an equivalent for &lt;em&gt;red flag&lt;/em&gt; by itself is going to give us what we need.  In practice we need a whole expression, such as &lt;em&gt;raise a red flag,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;(such and so) is a red flag (for something)&lt;/em&gt;.  Linguee.com has a bunch of creative ideas (which I suggest you take a look at), including &lt;em&gt;alerta, señal sobre los riesgos, llamada de alerta, señal de alarma&lt;/em&gt; and also the verb &lt;em&gt;alertar&lt;/em&gt; which I like a lot, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Esto nos alerta a la posibilidad de una fuga.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I usually use.  Sometimes my son and I discuss which of his acquaintances are trustworthy and which aren't.  He had just described something contradictory a person had done or said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eso no es un buen indicio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the context, it was clear that I meant, &lt;em&gt;That is a red flag for untrustworthiness.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could also say, &quot;Eso es un mal indicio,&quot; and that would be a slightly higher level of concern.  It's good to have different levels of red flag in one's repertoire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9385" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T20:48:45.983" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T20:48:45.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="680" CreationDate="2019-04-23T23:03:51.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We know that there are examples of the F being used instead of the modern Spanish H in Miguel de Cervantes's &lt;em&gt;El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha&lt;/em&gt;, like when he was commanding the wind mills to stand and fight: &lt;em&gt;«No fullais, cobardes y viles criaturas...»&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Don't run away, you coward and vile creatures&quot;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Since Cervantes wrote Don Quijote in 1605, we can presume that the change occurred sometime after 1605.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;No fullais&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;Don't run away&quot;) would today be spelled and pronounced &lt;em&gt;&quot;No huyáis&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. It is a rarely used verb form, a very formal form, kind like the English form &quot;Don't runneth away&quot; (if that is the correct way to say it in English :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21689" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T09:42:28.863" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T09:42:28.863" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30237" CreationDate="2019-04-24T08:25:40.447" Score="5" ViewCount="886" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de ver en el canal 24H de RTVE el siguiente titular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La poeta uruguaya Ida Vitale recibe el premio Cervantes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En otros medios leo estos otros titulares:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La poetisa uruguaya Ida Vitale recibe el Premio Cervantes 2018 a los 95 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los reyes entregan el Premio Cervantes a la poetisa uruguaya Ida Vitale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, ambas formas (&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=TUUD7eg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;poeta&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;poetisa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) están aceptadas para el femenino. Sin embargo, me gustaría saber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;¿Recomiendan la RAE o la Fundéu o alguna otra entidad el uso de una forma por encima de la otra?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Si no, ¿existe alguna diferencia en cuanto a connotaciones por usar una u otra forma? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T15:00:39.463" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T18:28:43.240" Title="Uso de &quot;poeta&quot; en femenino" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;sustantivos&gt;&lt;género&gt;&lt;neutralidad-de-género&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15686" CreationDate="2019-04-24T08:36:49.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They present to their families would be &quot;ellas les presentan a sus familias&quot;. Note that you have to introduce &quot;les&quot; to make out of &quot;a sus familias&quot; an indirect object, otherwise it will be a direct object as you already recognized and the translation would be &quot;they present their families [to someone]&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example would be to ask (pedir). Imagine I am asking to have a colleague for a certain project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo pedí a Juan [para mi proyecto]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am asking Juan to give me something then Juan would be an indirect object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo le pedí a Juan [que me diera algo]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases the &quot;a&quot; and &quot;le&quot; are less important if you specify the complete sentence, everybody would understand what you mean. In the case of &quot;le&quot; it wouldn't even be necessary :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yo pedí a Juan que me diera algo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18409" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T08:36:49.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-24T08:44:34.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In México the phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;focos rojos&quot;&lt;/em&gt; (red lightbulbs) is quite common and the sense is identical: to raise a red flag = &lt;em&gt;prender focos rojos&lt;/em&gt; (to light red lightbulbs), like an alarm or stop sign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Controlling behavior is a &lt;strong&gt;red flag&lt;/strong&gt; in a relationship = &lt;em&gt;Una actitud controladora es un &lt;strong&gt;foco rojo&lt;/strong&gt; en una relación.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Rudeness in a job interview is a &lt;strong&gt;red flag&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;em&gt;La descortesía ... es un &lt;strong&gt;foco rojo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like the others said, &lt;em&gt;&quot;mala señal&quot;&lt;/em&gt; could also be used but it's not the same metaphorically. Also related are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mal presagio / mal augurio&lt;/em&gt; (bad omen):   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Un gato negro cruzó mi camino, eso es un mal presagio&lt;/em&gt; = A black cat crossed my path, that is a bad omen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mal indicio&lt;/em&gt; (bad sign), meaning the outcome of a situation doesn't seem favorable based on the actual conditions:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las nubes grises son un mal indicio del clima&lt;/em&gt; = The weather is not looking good because of the black clouds.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;La flojera es un mal indicio para la productividad&lt;/em&gt; = Laziness is a bad sign for productivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tener un mal presentimiento&lt;/em&gt; (having a bad feeling)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22688" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T09:47:17.177" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T09:47:17.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-24T09:29:42.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can understand the expression &lt;code&gt;red flag&lt;/code&gt; as the Spanish expression &lt;code&gt;línea roja&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;línea roja&lt;/em&gt; is something that, when commit it, breaks a relation/contract/agreement. Something that is intolerable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Esos comportamientos deberían hacer que la relación se rompa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Los comportamientos controladores son un una línea roja en una relación &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otra expresión que se puede encontrar en debates políticos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Negociar con los nacionalistas es una línea roja que mi partido no va a tolerar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="107" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T13:06:07.937" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T13:06:07.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29173" CreationDate="2019-04-24T12:27:06.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Andrés' answer shows the way quotes are used in legal, official Spanish, and that's useful in certain contexts like law-writing or in court judgements. However, in my experience, the most commonly used quotation marks in informal Spanish are the English ones (&quot;&quot;). In my many years of being a Spaniard, never have I seen anyone use the latin quotation marks («») and very rarely the simple ('') marks in everyday online conversations and informal emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22692" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T12:27:06.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15686" CreationDate="2019-04-24T13:11:55.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;strong&gt;Ellas presentan a sus familias&lt;/strong&gt; can have two meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fists would be that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They are presenting/introducing their families to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They are presenting/introducing their families to some third person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both cases have the common fragment &lt;strong&gt;&quot;They are presenting/introducing their families&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other two translations in the question are incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;code&gt;They have their family&lt;/code&gt; has no sense but &lt;code&gt;They have their families presented/introduced&lt;/code&gt; is correct and has the same meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sentence &lt;code&gt;They present to their families&lt;/code&gt; sounds incomplete to me. Perhaps  &lt;code&gt;they are presented to their families&lt;/code&gt; is better but this would mean &lt;code&gt;ellas son presentadas a sus familias&lt;/code&gt; which is different to the phrase you want to translate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in summary, no, that sentence can not be translated both ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T13:19:53.080" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T13:19:53.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2019-04-24T13:35:21.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking all the comments together with the usage I have heard it is clear that red flag has different meanings for different people. Perhaps these are generational differences or dialectal differences. Just to clarify, my answer therefore refers to the dialect spoken in the southeast of England by people born several decades ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me the metaphorical meaning of red flag is close to its literal usage as a stop signal. An example of this literal use is current in Formula 1 car racing where a red flag is used to stop the race after an accident. The use of a sequence of colours to indicate severity of warning is common to both English and Spanish. Weather warnings in both countries go from yellow (the least serious) through amber (naranja) to red (the most serious). Many other warnings use the same system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would have chosen &lt;em&gt;alerta roja&lt;/em&gt; or possibly &lt;em&gt;linea roja&lt;/em&gt; depending on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course we still remember the famous &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive_Acts#The_Locomotive_Act_1865_(Red_Flag_Act)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Red Flag Act&lt;/a&gt; which required a person to precede motorised vehicles carrying a red flag to warn other road users of the approach of the vehicle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12155" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-30T04:02:42.497" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T04:02:42.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30234" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-24T13:51:09.623" Score="3" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I learned in high school that one must add an accent mark on the stressed vowel of the demonstrative pronouns, while no accent is required for the identical adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex. : ése (noun) vs. ese (adjective)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple sources have expressed that the RAE had removed these accent marks from all demonstratives sometime in the late 1990s. What is the reasoning for this? I personally prefer the distinction because of the greater clarification associated with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14064" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T14:24:56.567" Title="Removal of accents from demonstratives" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;rae&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2019-05-02T10:36:14.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30234" CreationDate="2019-04-24T14:08:03.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rae.es/consultas/el-adverbio-solo-y-los-pronombres-demostrativos-sin-tilde&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE themselves&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] &lt;em&gt;ese empleo tradicional de la tilde en el adverbio&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;em&gt;y los pronombres demostrativos [para distinguirlos, respectivamente, del adjetivo&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;em&gt;y de los determinantes demostrativos] &lt;strong&gt;no cumple el requisito fundamental que justifica el uso de la tilde diacrítica, que es el de oponer palabras tónicas o acentuadas a palabras átonas o inacentuadas formalmente idénticas&lt;/strong&gt;, ya que tanto&lt;/em&gt; solo &lt;em&gt;como los demostrativos son siempre palabras tónicas en cualquiera de sus funciones. Por eso, a partir de ahora se podrá prescindir de la tilde en estas formas incluso en casos de ambigüedad. La recomendación general es, pues, la de no tildar nunca estas palabras.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bold&lt;/strong&gt; and [annotations] mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Translation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That traditional use of the accent mark in the adverb &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; and demonstrative pronouns [to tell them apart from, respectively, the adjective &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; and demonstrative determinants] &lt;strong&gt;does not fulfill the fundamental requisite that justifies the use of the diacritic accent, which is to distinguish stressed or accented words from formally identical unstressed or unaccented words&lt;/strong&gt;, since both &lt;em&gt;solo&lt;/em&gt; as well as the demonstratives are always stressed words in any of their usages. Because of this, from now on the accent mark may be dispensed when writing these words, even in case of ambiguity. The general recommendation, thus, is to never put an accent mark in these words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T14:24:56.567" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T14:24:56.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17773" CreationDate="2019-04-24T14:37:42.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did not see a translation that I like. I would probable stick to something simple, such as &lt;code&gt;Memoria de largo y corto plazo&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22694" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T14:37:42.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30227" CreationDate="2019-04-24T17:53:41.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL:DR&lt;/strong&gt;: Ambos son válidos, pero es probable que quieras favorecer &quot;poeta&quot; frente a &quot;poetisa&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No hay recomendación alguna de ninguna institución, pero parece ser que el término &quot;poetisa&quot; tiene ciertas &lt;strong&gt;connotaciones despectivas&lt;/strong&gt;. He de reconocer que yo ignoraba esto por completo (para mi nunca las ha tenido. De hecho, una de las clientas del colmado de mi padre a la que yo le llevaba los recados se definía a sí misma como &quot;poetisa&quot;. Claro, que de esto han pasado ya casi 25 años...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando un poco por la red, encontramos en esta entrada de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.escritores.org/recursos-para-escritores/articulos-de-interes/19198-poeta-o-poetisa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Escritores.org: Poeta o poetisa&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hay un debate abierto sobre estas cuestiones, ya que la lengua no es inocente y refleja convencionalismos sociales. Lo cierto es que &lt;strong&gt;el femenino [poetisa] se ha empleado en ciertos tiempos de una manera peyorativa&lt;/strong&gt;, minusvalorando la obra, y por ello algunas poetas prefieren utilizar este término [poeta] que no crea diferencias. En el pasado se había identificado a las &quot;poetisas&quot; con señoritas cursis que llenaban sus ocios componiendo rimas sentimentales, es curioso que, dado que también existían varones con tal afectación que escribían poemas de menos valor, nunca se los diferenció con una palabra distinta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarmente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.estandarte.com/noticias/idioma-espanol/poetisa-o-poeta_2478.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Se dice poeta o poetisa?&lt;/a&gt;, que comienza aclarando que la RAE considera ambas formas correctas para referirse a una mujer que escribe poesía, encontramos&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La creación del femenino de poeta como poetisa responde a la misma regla que el caso de profeta/profetisa, pero se da la circunstancia de que &lt;strong&gt;la palabra poetisa ha estado cargada de tono despectivo durante mucho tiempo&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y respaldan esta afirmación citando un artículo &quot;publicado en La Nación, que descubrimos en la web de la Fundéu BBVA, &lt;em&gt;Cuando Safo no era poeta&lt;/em&gt;&quot;, y que diría que &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“¿Por qué, &lt;strong&gt;si ya teníamos poetisa, se empezó a usar poeta como femenino&lt;/strong&gt;? Por un reclamo feminista mal entendido. Las pobres poetisas tenían mala fama. &lt;strong&gt;Se las identificaba con aquellas señoritas cursis que en otro tiempo, a falta de ocupación mejor, llenaban sus ocios componiendo rimas sentimentales&lt;/strong&gt;. Como si no hubiera habido varones que hacían lo mismo, se entendía que los poetas eran poetas en serio, profesionales (por así decirlo), y se despreciaba a las poetisas. Entonces l&lt;strong&gt;as poetisas que no querían ser confundidas con poetisas empezaron a llamarse a sí mismas poetas&lt;/strong&gt;, como aquella presidenta que se hacía llamar presidente porque creía que así adquiría la autoridad que su persona no tenía (pero peor, porque la forma presidente era de género común, y poeta era solo masculina). En realidad, la reivindicación no tenía nada de feminista: era puro machismo. Pero tanto insistieron aquellas obcecadas mujeres que el uso prendió y la Academia, quizás a regañadientes, tuvo que registrarlo”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Habría otras dos menciones destacables en &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.poemas-del-alma.com/blog/especiales/poetisa-poeta-cual-forma&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Poetisa VS poeta ¿Cuál es la forma correcta?&lt;/a&gt; (que viene a decir lo mismo de que el término &lt;em&gt;poetisa&lt;/em&gt; está cargado de connotaciones por &quot;el machismo&quot; que hace que &quot;En algunas culturas de la antigüedad se consideraba que la mujer que componía versos lo hacía mal&quot;) y &lt;a href=&quot;https://webs.ucm.es/info/especulo/cajetin/poetisa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;¿Poeta o poetisa? de Soledad de Andrés Castellanos&lt;/a&gt; de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, sobre cómo se refieren las mujeres poeta a ellas mismas y cómo se refieren los hombres poeta a sus compañeras de profesión. Entre ellas destacar el párrafo que dice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En los últimos años se empiezan a oír algunas voces de mujeres &lt;em&gt;feministas&lt;/em&gt;, como Ana Rossetti y otras, que se llaman a sí mismas poetisas. Mantienen que, como ocurre en otros casos, lo que hay que rehabilitar es el femenino, dándole contenido y reivindicando a las buenas poetisas que ha habido y que hay, en vez de evitar una palabra como poetisa sólo porque su uso anterior la haya estigmatizado. También las palabras, sobre todo si están bien hechas y cumplen una función, tienen derecho a dignificar su contenido.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Este último artículo termina con &lt;strong&gt;cuatro conclusiones&lt;/strong&gt; (siendo la primera de ellas la más relevante para responder a esta pregunta):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En el español actual es posible elegir entre el sustantivo de género común poeta y el femenino poetisa para referirse a la mujer que hace versos&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;En algunas profesiones, la diferenciación de género se marca mediante el artículo u otros determinantes: &lt;em&gt;periodista, estudiante, paciente, artista, poeta...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existe también la posibilidad para las mujeres de utilizar el masculino para la referencia a las profesiones (&quot;el ingeniero soy yo&quot; a la vez que &quot;la ingeniera soy yo&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Durante un extenso periodo de tiempo, que [los autores del artículo de la UCM] no nos sentimos capaces de determinar con precisión, el femenino poetisa ha estado contaminado por la idea de que se evocaba con él la incapacidad y la ignorancia de muchas y, con frecuencia, su cursilería o afectación&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Así que ambos términos son válidos y no hay recomendación oficial de usar uno sobre otro en ningún contexto. Sobre las connotaciones peyorativas marcadas por la sociedad sobre el término &quot;poetisa&quot;, allá cada uno que piense lo que quiera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;: Esta afirmación es falsa. En el último articulo proporcionado encontramos la mención del término &quot;peyorativo &lt;strong&gt;poetastro&lt;/strong&gt; [que] sigue apareciendo en las dos últimas ediciones académicas (1992 y 2001) exclusivamente como masculino, definido como ‘mal poeta’.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T18:28:43.240" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T18:28:43.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27081" CreationDate="2019-04-24T21:01:33.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Una pista que encuentro para la actual extensión de la adolescencia como etapa en la vida es el nacimiento de las muelas de juicio, que salen entre los 17 y los 25 años &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/diseases-conditions/wisdom-teeth/symptoms-causes/syc-20373808&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alguien que no tiene dichas muelas &lt;em&gt;adolece&lt;/em&gt; de ellas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, según el artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alternativateatral.com/tema17274-etimologia-de-la-palabra-adolescencia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Etimología de la palabra adolescencia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; antiguamente la adolescencia representaba algo muy distinto de una carencia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Entre los romanos la &lt;em&gt;adolescentia&lt;/em&gt; no era una edad donde se &quot;adolecía de algo&quot; o se sufriera. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En latín la palabra &lt;em&gt;adolescentia&lt;/em&gt;, proviene del verbo &lt;em&gt;adolesco&lt;/em&gt;, que no deriva de &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;doleo&lt;/em&gt;, sino de &lt;em&gt;ad&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;oleo&lt;/em&gt; y su incoativo &lt;em&gt;olesco&lt;/em&gt;. Este verbo expresa la idea de &quot;el crepitar de los fuegos sagrados; los que llevan y transmiten el fuego; el crecer, desarrollarse, desenvolverse la razón, el ardor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La definición antigua es más adecuada a esa realidad de vidas tan cortas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22699" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T20:12:06.010" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T20:12:06.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1000" CreationDate="2019-04-25T00:18:51.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimated reading time&lt;/strong&gt;: 5 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No TL;DR, but the &lt;strong&gt;short answer&lt;/strong&gt; is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you never, ever used &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;about,&amp;quot; nobody would likely even notice.  &lt;strong&gt;There isn't a context I've come across where you can't use &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;about&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and with what might be one minor exception, it is far more frequently used to mean &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; is.  If you're a beginning student of Spanish and not quite ready to go more than one-word deep for each English word you know, stick with &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; when you want to say &amp;quot;about.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually wrote a post or article on this a while back for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duolingo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duolingo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, but my computer has been hacked since then and consequently I no longer have the notes on this topic I once did.  The one thing I remember from it, though, is that I noticed the phrase &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; seemed to be more frequently used with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_personal_pronouns#Table_of_personal_pronouns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prepositional pronouns&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (e.g., mí, ti, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, however, &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; looks as if it is used to mean &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; much more often than it is used to mean &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; (perhaps more than four times more likely) or &amp;quot;envelope&amp;quot; (perhaps more than 80 times more likely), using translations found at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverso_(language_tools)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reverso&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as an indicator.  This probably explains why little confusion surfaces between meanings and context limits any confusion that might surface.  Let's take this phrase as an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;sobre el sobre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standing alone like this, this phrase could mean &amp;quot;over the envelope&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;about the envelope,&amp;quot; but when you give it more context, as in &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldia.com/nota/2017-2-27-11-13-0-la-verdadera-historia-sobre-el-sobre-equivocado-en-los-oscar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La verdadera historia sobre el sobre equivocado en los Oscar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; it is clear that the first &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; and the second &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;envelope.&amp;quot;  It is also very clear that the first &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; does not mean &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; (as in &amp;quot;on top of&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Givanse gave a very good answer and it was especially good because he mentioned that &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; can be used as a &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;locative preposition&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; or a &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;preposition of place&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prepositions of Place tell us where things are, often though not always relative to other people, places and things. You will notice that the verb estar is often used (rather than ser) in these examples because it pertains to being and location.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— From &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/spanish/parts-of-speech/prepositions-of-place&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prepositions of Place (Preposiciones de Lugar): How and When to Use Them&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyzant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wyzant&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even so, &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; appears to be more than four times more likely to be used as a word that means &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; than it is to be used as a locative preposition such as &amp;quot;over.&amp;quot;  &lt;strong&gt;If you do mean &amp;quot;over,&amp;quot; however, &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; is a good choice.  No other word is as closely associated with that meaning&lt;/strong&gt; and it (or rather &amp;quot;encima de&amp;quot;) is listed as the first meaning for &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=Y5lVqnD%7CY5lmhPd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, some of you might be thinking, &lt;em&gt;Yeah, but wouldn't &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; be more common than &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;envelope&amp;quot; anyway, so isn't &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; a better choice, because it's more specific?&lt;/em&gt;  In fact, you mention this very thing.  And I have to tell you that I like the way you think and try to practice using precise speech no matter what language I'm using.  Furthermore, whoever thinks that &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; is more frequent than &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;envelope&amp;quot; would be correct.  As an example I can't think of many reasons why Spanish would need to use any of these words — about, over, envelope — in more or less frequent ways than just about any other language, especially English, so let's take a look at what the distribution looks like for these three words in English:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/Ik8Vyy1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;In the Ngram above, &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; is one and a half times more frequent than &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; and more than a hundred times more frequent than &amp;quot;envelope.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to tell you that &lt;strong&gt;there's nothing wrong with using &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; to mean &amp;quot;about” or “encima de” to mean “over.&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  (Best word for &amp;quot;envelope,&amp;quot; as in the kind you put a letter in, is going to be &amp;quot;sobre,&amp;quot; so I won't use that as an example.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you decided to use &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;sobre,&amp;quot; nobody is going to correct you if you're using it to mean &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; unless that person is simply asinine or contentious by nature or, for some other reason, wants to make a show of superiority over you by correcting you over something like this.  One or the other may be more preferred by some, but one person's personal choice does not make the use of one word over the other &amp;quot;more correct&amp;quot; or even &amp;quot;better,&amp;quot; so if you encounter someone who tells you that you need to use &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; instead of &amp;quot;sobre,&amp;quot; or vice versa, I would seriously question that person's credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Givanse has already mentioned that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;... &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; is a bit more precise, there is just one way of using it, only one meaning&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it's true.  But a lot of times, when students are learning a foreign language, they want to sound natural.  They want to sound like a native.  They want to use the same words and phrases those born and raised in a Spanish-speaking country do.  And if that is the case for you, too, you'll want to use &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; most of the time, even if, technically speaking, the possibility for confusion exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Like I said earlier, the only exception to this that seems to be true is when &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; is followed by a prepositional pronoun, in which case, it looks as if &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; might be about four times more common, if you go by online news articles.  However, the context dictionary Reverso still shows &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; favored in such a construction by about 7:1.  Bear in mind that the sample size I used to compare uses in online news articles was relatively small, but when I wrote an article on this a while back, I used a source other than Reverso and the use of &amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot; with prepositional pronouns was significantly higher than with &amp;quot;sobre.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main point to all of this is basically this: &lt;strong&gt;The word &amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; means many different things, but just because a word can mean many different things does not mean that it does not also have closely associated meanings tied to specific words.&lt;/strong&gt;  To illustrate this point I'll end this by comparing a couple of words/phrases translated by Reverso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; is used to translate &amp;quot;about&amp;quot; four times more often than&#xA;&amp;quot;acerca de&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;sobre&amp;quot; is used to translate &amp;quot;over&amp;quot; 17 times more often than &amp;quot;encima (de)&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T04:28:35.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33289" CreationDate="2019-04-25T06:47:04.627" Score="4" ViewCount="1126" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer mi hijo el mayor me sorprendió con una pregunta que me hizo reflexionar un poco: ¿por qué usamos &quot;hasta&quot; cuando decimos &quot;hasta mañana&quot; o &quot;hasta luego&quot; para expresar que no volveremos a ver a alguien hasta pasado un tiempo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según el DLE, la preposición &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=K2iXUid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hasta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &quot;indica el límite final de una trayectoria en el espacio o en el tiempo&quot;. Sin embargo, se me hace raro imaginar de qué expresión podría provenir originalmente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Adiós, ya no nos veremos hasta mañana.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  —Sí, hasta mañana.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;—Pues ya de aquí hasta que nos veamos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buscando en el CORDE desde cuándo se viene usando esta fórmula encuentro lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Los primeros casos de &quot;hasta luego&quot; parecen ser del siglo XVIII (1715 el primero). Hay casos previos pero no corresponden a la fórmula de despedida, como en &quot;que aguardes hasta luego&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lo mismo ocurre con &quot;hasta mañana&quot;, aunque encuentro un caso suelto en 1634 en la forma &quot;adiós, pues, hasta mañana&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunto pues, ¿desde cuándo se usa la fórmula &quot;hasta XXX&quot; como despedida? ¿Por qué se usa la preposición &lt;em&gt;hasta&lt;/em&gt;? ¿Cuál es su origen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T23:55:17.007" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T23:55:17.007" Title="Origen de la expresión &quot;hasta mañana&quot; y similares" Tags="&lt;historia&gt;&lt;preposiciones&gt;&lt;locuciones&gt;&lt;saludos&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23735" CreationDate="2019-04-25T08:54:35.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a surgeon and I do not know any (only a couple of ER nurses), so I cannot answer whether surgeons specifically do or do not use &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Al ataque!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; before an intervention. But I can tell you how &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Al ataque!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is used &lt;em&gt;in general&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Al ataque!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in Spain can be (and is) used colloquially in any situation where a goal-oriented task is to be done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a soccer team before entering the field;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a teacher to let their students know they can begin answering the test;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a hungry pal about to eat a delicious meal;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and yes, even a surgeon before confronting whichever malicious thing exists in your body that needs to be fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think any Spanish patient would find &lt;em&gt;&quot;¡Al ataque!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; offensive or inappropriate; however, sensitivity towards this kind of matters in the US is waaaay higher (in my experience), hence my initial suggestion of translating it as a milder &quot;Forward!&quot; when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13628" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T08:54:35.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30246" CreationDate="2019-04-25T10:50:35.767" Score="6" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acabo de leer en un tuit lo siguiente:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si te sorprende que en el presupuesto de un servicio basado en gran medida en los RRHH la parte del león sea la línea de personal, pocas cuentas anuales has auditado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me ha sorprendido el uso de la expresión inglesa &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/lion&amp;#39;s_share&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the lion's share&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; traducida de forma literal. Según el diccionario de Oxford significa simplemente &quot;la mayor parte&quot; o &quot;la parte principal&quot;. No tenía constancia de que la traducción literal se usara en español, y de hecho no encuentro registro de la misma ni en el DLE ni en el DAMER, ni de ninguna expresión similar. Lo más que encuentro es &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_parte_del_le%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;una película argentina&lt;/a&gt; de 1978 que se llama precisamente así, y que no sé si se trata de una casualidad o si es que la expresión se usa así en Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pregunto pues, ¿se usa &lt;em&gt;la parte del león&lt;/em&gt; con este significado actualmente en alguna parte de Hispanoamérica? ¿O es que he encontrado un caso aislado? Si es un caso aislado, ¿existe alguna expresión en español que tenga de forma figurada el mismo significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12637" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T19:34:52.640" Title="¿Cómo se puede adaptar la expresión &quot;the lion's share&quot; al español?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-modismo&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29187" CreationDate="2019-04-25T11:14:26.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;h1&gt;1. Perspective of Spanish Muslims&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following paper on identity in immigrant Muslim students in Spain conducted two sets of interviews of secondary school students (763 and 1,953 students total) and reported universal use of the term as a slur against Muslim students interviewed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Resulta llamativo que todos los chicos entrevistados afirmasen que habían sufrido episodios de discriminación en la escuela (de mayor o menor intensidad) y que todos coincidiesen en comentar el uso del apelativo “moro” como insulto hacia ellos en esos procesos de discriminación. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://revistas.uned.es/index.php/empiria/article/view/19708&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;“Los malos a mí no me llaman por mi nombre, me dicen moro todo el día”:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  una aproximación etnográfica sobre alteridad e identidad en alumnado inmigrante musulmán&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Antonia Olmos Alcaraz (Universidad de Granada)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following book interviewed a number of Spanish Muslims and further remarked that the purportedly neutral referential fashion &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used by non-Muslim Spaniards is seen by the interviewees not just as offensive, but equally offensive to explicit pejorative use of the term:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Moroccans are often referred to casually as &lt;em&gt;moros&lt;/em&gt;. Technically, this is the Spanish term for the historical Moors, but Spaniards use &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; to refer to Moroccans, and occasionally to all migrants or all Muslims. (African Muslims are also sometimes referred to as &lt;em&gt;Africanos&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Negros&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;em&gt;Moro&lt;/em&gt; is used pejoratively to purposely insult, as in the fight described earlier, in which an angry Spaniard yelled “&lt;em&gt;Moro!&lt;/em&gt; Faggot!” at his Moroccan opponents. &lt;strong&gt;Non-Muslims also use the term more casually, in purportedly neutral, referential fashion to speak about Muslims or Moroccans, though my Muslim research participants find this referential usage equally offensive.&lt;/strong&gt; Because of its negative connotations, occasionally people use &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; to insult non-migrant non-Muslims. For instance, Andalusian Women sometimes refer to chauvinist men or abusive husbands with the adjective &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt;, highlighting local ideologies about Islam as a religion marked by abnormal gender relations. The slippery referential content of &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; aids in the conflations of historical Moors With present-day Muslims and of Muslims with migrants. It also contributes to the social construction of Muslims as an amorphous, undifferentiated mass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&amp;amp;lr=&amp;amp;id=MI03DgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;q=&amp;quot;moro&amp;quot;&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spain Unmoored: Migration, Conversion, and the Politics of Islam&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Mikaela H. Rogozen-Soltar (p.12)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;2. Perspective of Spanish academia&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following references to the term by Spanish anthropologists and sociologists qualify its use and/or perception as generally pejorative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Moro&quot; is Spanish for Moor and is normally used as a derogatory term for people of Arabic origin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/rutlr54&amp;amp;div=35&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tying Racism in El Ejido to Spanish and European Politics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prof. Manuel J Caro Cabrera (Universidad de Sevilla)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is also a reality that the Spanish identity, like the European one but with many more historical points of reference, has been built in opposition to the picture of the Muslim in general and the Moroccan in particular, considered in pejorative terms as 'the Moor' (&lt;em&gt;'el moro'&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1v45lM76wjsC&amp;amp;q=moro#v=snippet&amp;amp;q=moro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship: A European Approach&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prof. Ricard Zapata-Barrero (Universitat Pompeu Fabra)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;8. The Muslim community and Spanish tradition&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;sub&gt;Mauriphobia as a fact, and impartiality as a desideratum&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;De esta forma, al musulmán, al africano, al morisco, al marroquí, se le adjudicaron una serie de rasgos negativos que van desde lo físico hasta lo moral e intelectual, y cuya máxima representación actual es la pervivencia y el uso peyorativo del término «moro». &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hispania.revistas.csic.es/index.php/hispania/article/view/425&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;La imagen del «moro» en la formulación e instrumentalización del africanismo franquista&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prof. Rocío Velasco de Castro (Universidad de Extremadura)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also the following paper, which studies hate-speech in far-right facebook groups, and makes a distinction between terms it considers inherently offensive (e.g. &lt;em&gt;moros&lt;/em&gt;) and terms describing other targets of discrimination in insults which are not considered inherently offensive (e.g. &lt;em&gt;catalanes&lt;/em&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... the use of slurs increased over time... Among the most co-occurring words were the terms &lt;em&gt;moros&lt;/em&gt;—an offensive word referring to Moroccans—and offensive terms against other ethnicities such as &lt;em&gt;sudacas&lt;/em&gt; (South Americans).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On the DN Facebook page, the word &lt;em&gt;catalanes&lt;/em&gt; (Catalans) was frequently mentioned next to an insult. On the PP’s page, the most frequent terms next to an insult were &lt;em&gt;catalanes&lt;/em&gt; in 2011 and &lt;em&gt;nacionalistas&lt;/em&gt; in 2012, and the term &lt;em&gt;moritos&lt;/em&gt;, an offensive word used to designate Moroccans, also occurred. These slurs appeared in the comments space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101369/1/Ben-David%26Matamoros_2016_IJoC.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hate Speech and Covert Discrimination on Social Media: Monitoring the Facebook Pages of Extreme-Right Political Parties in Spain&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Dr. Ariadna Matamoros Fernández (Queensland University of Technology)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;3. Grammaticalization of term&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following text remarks upon a grammatical distinction sometimes seen between its use in a non-pejorative referential or descriptive manner (as an adjective or determined noun), and its charged use (as an undetermined noun / pronoun) in literature. It draws parallels to the use of &lt;em&gt;negro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Observamos en estos casos un uso de los sustantivos “negro” y “moro(s)” siempre precedido de un determinante. La presencia de este elemento gramatical parece darle un valor “neutral” al uso de estos términos, limitar este uso al solo acto discursivo de denominar. En esta misma situación discursiva, los términos “negro” y “moro” son empleados también algunas veces de modo adjetival, un modo en el que el uso de estos términos sigue pareciendo neutral, limitándose al acto de designar...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Observamos en estos últimos ejemplos la ausencia de determinante delante de los sustantivos &quot;negro&quot; y &quot;moro&quot;... El concurso de todos estos elementos arma los sustantivos &quot;negro&quot; y &quot;moro&quot; de una carga de racismo y desprecio y remite a una formación ideológica racista.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0dr6DAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA119&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Análisis del discurso sobre la alteridad étnico-racial en la literatura español y contemporánea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;4. Controversy of the DRAE entry&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A number of people have challenged the RAE's entry for &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt;. The following author notes that in his opinion, contrary to the RAE's description, the term carries a strong pejorative sentiment (but claims the cognate Basque word &lt;em&gt;mairu&lt;/em&gt; does not):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Una cuestión previa: ¿Moros o Magrebíes?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Una breve consulta al Diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española (200 ed.,1984) no revela, a priori, que la palabra moro/a tenga nin-gún significado peyorativo: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;(Del latín maurus) adj. Natural de la parte de Africa septentrional; frontera a España, donde estaba la antigua provincia de Mauritania. 3.Por ext., que profesa la religión de Mahoma &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(cito únicamente dos de las diez afecciones señaladas). Una consulta al &lt;em&gt;Diccionario Retana de Autoridades del Euskera&lt;/em&gt; (lo ed.,1981) del equivalente en euskara &lt;em&gt;mairu&lt;/em&gt;, además de señalar su equivalencia con el castellano moro, recoge dos acepciones de dicha palabra en el mundo tradicional vasco (documentadas por J.M. &lt;strong&gt;Barandiarán&lt;/strong&gt;) que, asimismo, están lejos de suponer un valor peyorativo a priori: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;II. Genio a quien se atribuye la construcción de los cromlechs. III Con este nombre son designados generalmente tipos de hombres de otros tiempos, no cristianos, es decir, paganos. Hoy todavía mairu es uno que no está bautizado, no es cristiano. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Es decir, en ambos casos se está lejos de dar a la palabra un significado despectivo (incluso se puede decir que en euskara es francamente admirativo), pero se subraya el carácter ajeno a la sociedad de los moros, debido a su condición de no cristianos. Es importante retener este dato: los moros siempre son vistos como ajenos a esta sociedad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personalmente, considero que en la actualidad (y probablemente durante largos siglos para la sociedad española, aunque no para la vasca, que los dotó de un carácter mítico) la palabra moro tiene una fuerte carga despectiva-peyorativa,&lt;/strong&gt; por lo que propongo que sea sustituida por el término magrebí, que de hecho es el que se usa corrientemente en los medios de comunicación. A ello me atendré en el curso de este artículo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addi.ehu.es/bitstream/handle/10810/11545/P.%20Garcia%20Isasti.PDF?sequence=2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;El moro como paradigma del otro en el Nacionalismo Español&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Prudencio García Isasti&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following text criticises a number of what it considers racist and sexist phrasings in the DRAE. Note that this refers to dictionary &lt;em&gt;lemmas&lt;/em&gt;, and is not calling for the censorship or removal of word entries themselves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.6. Aconsejamos también la substitución de la palabra ‘moro’, porque en la actualidad se ha convertido en una designación peyorativa de ‘árabe’. ‘Moro/s’ es muy difícil de eliminar, porque se trata de un término de larga tradición hispana, pero que arrastra desde siempre connotaciones racistas, que en nuestros días se han visto incrementadas con el fenómeno de la inmigración. Se podría tratar de sustituir por ‘árabes’ o ‘musulmanes’, pero el problema (además del sexismo del segundo término) reside en que cuando en el &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt; se habla de ‘moros’, no siempre podemos tener la seguridad de que se trate de pueblos árabes o musulmanes; sino que normalmente es sinónimo de gente del Magreb y del Atlas para quien no existe fácilmente un sustituto. El &lt;em&gt;DRAE&lt;/em&gt; habla de ‘moros’ en el sentido histórico y de ‘moros’ contemporáneos, por lo cual propusimos soluciones diferentes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[El &lt;em&gt;Libro de Estilo&lt;/em&gt; de El Mundo] asegura que ‘‘gitano’ no es una raza, sino una etnia’&#xA;  (p. 224) y que ‘moro’ no significa ‘musulmán’ y que por ser una palabra “cargada&#xA;  de racismo en su uso actual, debe evitarse” en un texto informativo (p. 251).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Esther_Berdet/publication/265963264_La_presencia_del_racismo_en_el_discurso_lexicografico_su_repercusion_en_la_ensenanza/links/561654ab08ae37cfe409030a/La-presencia-del-racismo-en-el-discurso-lexicografico-su-repercusion-en-la-ensenanza&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Análisis y propuestas de revisión de los lemas con contenido racista y sexista del DRAE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Mª Ángeles Calero Fernández (UdL), Esther Forgas Berdet (URV), Eulàlia Lledó Cunill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the above (unsuccessful) suggestions, a lawyer, Hilal Tarkou, in 2014 formed an (again unsuccessful) &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/27454/alguna-vez-ha-la-rae-eliminado-cambiado-la-definici%C3%B3n-de-una-palabra-por-petici&quot;&gt;petition&lt;/a&gt; that the RAE note the pejorative sentiment of the word &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... el abogado reusense considera que «las definiciones de la palabra moro no coincide en absoluto con el contenido de la misma en la actualidad» y señala que hoy día. «constituye un insulto para muchos ciudadanos de origen del norte de África».&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.abc.es/cultura/20140113/abci-abogado-moro-racista-201401131659.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Un abogado pide a la RAE que la palabra «moro» se considere una acepción racista&lt;/a&gt; (abc.es)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;5. Use by general public&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As noted in the second quote in section 1, the term &lt;em&gt;moro&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used in Spain in a general referential fashion, without the interpretation of racist connotations seen in the Muslim immigrant and academic circles (sections 1, 2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While not referring to language in particular, the following report by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coe.int/en/web/european-commission-against-racism-and-intolerance/spain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;European Commission Against Racism &amp;amp; Intolerance&lt;/a&gt; notes that in contrast to the relatively progressive understanding and recognition of gender issues in Spain, &quot;that awareness of issues of racism and racial discrimination within Spanish society at large was very limited&quot;, possibly explaining the divide in opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coe.int/en/web/european-commission-against-racism-and-intolerance/spain-2006&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Round Table “Combating racial discrimination and intolerance in Spain”&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,   &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;97&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Falta de sensibilización sobre el racismo y la discriminación racial, ECRI (2006)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2019-09-26T22:26:27.933" LastActivityDate="2019-09-26T22:26:27.933" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29213" CreationDate="2019-04-25T12:14:43.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;La definición más ovbia sería que de tanto correr, se ha deshecho el calzado.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Puede entonces pelarse la suela del calzado o la misma planta de los pies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Según la &lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=SMAAyb8%7CSMAKBJW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RAE&lt;/a&gt; &quot;pela&quot; puede referirse también a pelea/paliza (dejo aquí un curioso &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.buscapalabra.com/definiciones.html?palabra=pela&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;poema&lt;/a&gt; que emplea la palabra &quot;pela&quot;) y a peseta, la antigua moneda de España.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yo no descartaría que en su origen la frase fuera distinta y se refiriera al dinero que se pierde, algo así como &quot;corre que el dinero vuela&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sin embargo, la primera opción me parece la más simple, y como dijo el amigo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navaja_de_Ockham&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Okham&lt;/a&gt;, la teoría más simple tiene más probabilidades de ser correcta que la compleja.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22699" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T12:14:43.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23121" CreationDate="2019-04-25T12:44:29.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;La expresión &quot;me sabe a &lt;em&gt;cosa desagradable&lt;/em&gt;&quot; puede no referiste literalmente al gusto que se siente en la boca al comer algo, sino a la impresión desagradable que causa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los dichos y refranes tienden a abreviarse con el uso y el paso del tiempo, a veces conservando el sentido original y otras veces variándolo por completo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En este caso el original era &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/19412/cu%C3%A1l-es-el-origen-de-la-expresi%C3%B3n-saber-a-cuerno-quemado?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;&quot;saber a cuerno quemado&quot;&lt;/a&gt; y luego quedó en &quot;saber a cuerno&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22699" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T12:44:29.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30242" CreationDate="2019-04-25T16:21:59.943" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;En el &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.rae.es/cordenet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CORDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; se recogen varios usos de la expresión &quot;la parte del león&quot;; parece que el más antiguo es de Larra (&lt;em&gt;Buenas noches. Segunda carta de Fígaro a su corresponsal en París&lt;/em&gt; - 1836) (negritas mías): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pero el tercero en discordia decidió la cuestión, y mientras que aquéllas y ésta se andaban representando la comedia de: ¿Quién ha de mandar en casa?, se adjudicó él a sí mismo la &lt;strong&gt;parte del león&lt;/strong&gt; de la fábula.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por otro lado, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/lion#etymonline_v_9573&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etymonline&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; indica que el primer uso documentado de &quot;lion's share&quot; es de 1701:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lion's share &quot;the greatest portion&quot; is attested from 1701.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;y &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion&amp;#39;s_share&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; que:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The lion's share is an idiomatic expression which refers to the major share of something. The phrase derives from the plot of a number of fables ascribed to Aesop and is used here as their generic title. There are two main types of story, which exist in several different versions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parece, por tanto, que &quot;la parte del león&quot; es una expresión correcta y válida en español, similar a la inglesa, por lo que no es necesario buscar una adaptación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ei-talondeaquiles.blogspot.com/2011/03/la-parte-del-leon.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mencionan que procede de una fábula de Fedro:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ya sabemos por experiencia que los poderosos siempre se quedan la mejor parte de las cosas y, muchas veces, no solo lo que les corresponde, sino también lo que les toca a los demás. Cuando eso ocurre, decimos que esa persona o institución se ha llevado la parte del león, que no es más que la parte mayor o más sustanciosa de los beneficios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La expresión proviene, como en muchas ocasiones, de una fábula, pero esta vez de Fedro (15-55 a. C.), el más antiguo de los fabulistas latinos, que en sus Fábulas esópicas presenta la siguiente historia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Nunca es segura la alianza con un poderoso; esta fabulilla conﬁrma mi tesis. Una vaca, una cabrita, y una mansa oveja fueron al bosque como socios de un león. Una vez que hubieron cobrado un ciervo corpulento, hechas las partes, el león habló de la siguiente manera: “Yo tomo la primera parte porque me llamo león; la segunda me la dais por respeto a que soy vuestro socio; en tales circunstancias, puesto que soy más fuerte que vosotros, me corresponde la tercera; mal lo ha de pasar si alguno se atreve a tocar la cuarta”. De ese modo sólo la maldad se llevó la pieza entera (Phédre. Fables. París, 1969, 3ª ed. Text. y trad. por A. Brenot).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Seguramente a esta fábula debemos también el adjetivo leonino (unas condiciones leoninas, un contrato leonino, etc.), que se aplica cuando las condiciones aplican solo a una de las partes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Referencias:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;García Remiro, José Luis (2001). ¿Qué queremos decir cuando decimos...? Frases y dichos del lenguaje diario. Madrid: Alianza.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;https://mitosyleyendascr.com/fabulas/la-parte-del-leon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;este otro sitio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; reproducen una versión de la fábula, sin indicar el autor: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La parte del león&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cierto día, el león, cansado de cazar solo, invitó al oso y al zorro a acompafiarlo. Era poco frecuente que el orgulloso rey de la selva invitara a sus súbditos a acompafiarlo en una cacería, y el oso y el zorro se sintieron encantados y lisonjeados. En realidad, las cosas no habrían podido marchar mejor. .. por algún tiempo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Su suerte fue tan buena que, antes del anochecer, habían atrapado varios conejos, dos cabras y un ciervo. El león eligió para acampar un sitio próximo a su cubil y, pasándose la lengua por las quijadas, encargó al oso que repartiera sus presas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El bien dispuesto y honrado oso hizo inmediatamente lo que le había ordenado el león. En realidad, estaba tan atareado dividiendo lo cazado en tres partes iguales, y lo hacía con tanto cuidado, que no miro en dirección al león. Y fue una lástima, porque el león escarbaba el suelo, meneando la cola y enojándose cada vez más. Por fin, cuando el oso iba a terminar su tarea, el león le saltó encima, con un rugido, y lo despedazó. Después, más hambriento que nunca, miró con aire impaciente al zorro, que había estado contemplando la escena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Ahora, veamos si sabes dividir las cosas de manera más razonable -ordenó-. Y hazlo con rapidez.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En silencio, el zorro puso manos a la obra. En un abrir y cerrar de ojos, puso todas las presas que habían matado, inclusive al oso muerto, en una enorme pila. Para él, sólo se reservó un conejo pequeño.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;El león hizo con su maciza cabeza un ademán de aprobación.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Así concibo yo una división justa -dijo-. Eres un animal con sentido común.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cuando el zorro se disponía a abandonar el campamento con su raquítico conejo -porque había resuelto de pronto comérselo a solas-, el león volvió a hablarle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Amigo Zorro -preguntó-. ¿Quién te enseñó a dividir las cosas tan bien?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Lo poco que sé, acabo de aprenderlo de mi difunto amigo el Oso -respondió el zorro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y &lt;a href=&quot;https://elrevisionista.blogspot.com/2010/04/la-parte-del-leon.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;aquí&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, comentando la película argentina citada, resaltan (negritas mías):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Aristaran toma con toda la intención del mundo el título de una &lt;strong&gt;fábula griega&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; LA PARTE DEL LEÓN que habla sobre el egoísmo y la ley del mas fuerte, y que se usa para referirse a la tiranía y la indefensión del ciudadano de a pie ante el poderoso.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayo_Julio_Fedro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; indica que Fedro fue un fabulista &lt;strong&gt;romano&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user20002" LastEditorDisplayName="user20002" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T19:34:52.640" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T19:34:52.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30780" CreationDate="2019-04-25T19:04:42.603" Score="1" ViewCount="7087" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ayer me salió un meme viral que mucha gente se reía en donde una mujer le decía a otra de forma despectiva que &quot;tenía el pelo en pausa&quot;. Me puse a buscar y no encontré explicación, pero sí encontré que hay hasta una canción con ese título &quot;La pelo en pausa&quot; (que no recomiendo escuchar). Qué significa exactamente? Es simplemente estar despeinada, o tener cierto corte de cabello, o estar peinado de cierta forma, o algún otro significado?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13101" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-06-23T13:35:01.347" LastActivityDate="2019-10-12T22:52:52.557" Title="¿Qué significa la expresión despectiva &quot;pelo en pausa&quot;?" Tags="&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;modismos&gt;&lt;letras-de-canciones&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30249" CreationDate="2019-04-25T19:16:27.360" Score="27" ViewCount="8264" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a presentation in Spanish class, and I'll be mentioning the programming language &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;C++&lt;/a&gt;. I'm not sure if it should be pronounced the same way as in English, or if there's a different way to phrase it. How should I pronounce it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22704" LastEditorUserId="22731" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T14:13:25.433" LastActivityDate="2019-04-28T07:43:49.293" Title="How to pronounce 'C++' in Spanish" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;informática&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-25T19:45:16.733" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I checked a few videos on YouTube:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ld4nzao5XAc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1. Programación en C++ || Primer programa en C++&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/nqJPIC5V4-g?t=79&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aprende a Programar desde cero en C/C++ [Parte 1] (Primer Programa)&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/X6lMTEIzjys?t=15&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Programación de Juegos C++ - Parte 1: Introducción&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/gwfkWpjORRw?t=41&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Programación de juegos - Snake en c++ #1 (Tutoriales Español y HD)&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/Laqz6W2ONBI?t=13&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guía para programar en CUALQUIER lenguaje | Parte 1/2 (C, C++, Java, Python, PHP, JavaScript, C#...)&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce plus plus&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/z1hQA3K5FKE?t=137&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aprender a programar con C++: Ejercicio 1&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/dhAsTvC985g?t=13&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curso Visual C++ | Hola Mundo !! | PARTE 1 | Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/NOL6X18QA9g?t=12&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;How compile first C++ project on Visual Studio 2015&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/FAle3mB091U?t=25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;como programar una calculadora en c++&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/kat4-Un93L0?t=16&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Compilar y Depurar C++ en Visual Studio Code&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/30vnqE1fXHY?t=4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Comenzar a programar en C/C++ bajo Linux (IDE, recomendaciones)&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/S-Lf2nQhsCY?t=10&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Curso Unreal Engine 4 C++ Español | #1 - Instalación e Introducción&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/5grPpOZSr_c?t=6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Como Descargar Dev C++ 5.11 Full Para Windows 10, 8.1, 8, 7 | 32bits y 64bits&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/z21aUmt1yig&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Programar en Netbeans configuración para C/C++&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/ifiAYdgt42g?t=13&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Instalación de NetBeans con C, C++ y java&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Ce más más&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this totally non-representative sample, the pronunciation &quot;Ce más más&quot; clearly dominates, whereas &quot;Ce plus plus&quot; is used only once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13852" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T21:05:42.607" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T21:05:42.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-25T20:37:25.723" Score="2" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Encuentro en unas canciones de Ozuna que a veces él usa el pronombre 'me' más de lo que a mí me parece normal. Por ejemplo, en la canción &quot;La Modelo&quot; canta: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yo no me sé ni su nombre, pero la quiero&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia entre 'Yo no me sé ni su nombre' y 'Yo no sé ni su nombre'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;También canta en la canción &quot;Única&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Todo el mundo me la mira&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¿Cuál es la diferencia aquí entre 'Todo el mundo me la mira' y 'Todo el mundo la mira'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perdonen que no conozco las reglas gramaticales muy bien y principalmente solo lo que me suena correcto :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22705" LastEditorUserId="5481" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T20:49:43.270" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T22:45:43.310" Title="'no me sé' y 'me la mira'" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;&lt;pronombres&gt;&lt;sintaxis&gt;&lt;reflexivos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30250" CreationDate="2019-04-25T22:45:43.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cuando un verbo aparece junto con un pronombre reflexivo aunque el significado no es reflexivo, se lo llama &lt;strong&gt;verbo pronominal&lt;/strong&gt;.¹ Algunos son obligatoriamente pronominales, otros opcionales, y generalmente hay un cambio de significado sutil entre la forma básica y la forma con pronombre. &lt;em&gt;Saber&lt;/em&gt; es un verbo opcionalmente pronominal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;La forma pronominal transitiva &lt;em&gt;saberse (algo)&lt;/em&gt; significa &quot;haber llegado a saber, haber memorizado (algo), haber aprendido (algo) conscientemente hasta saberlo bien&quot;. En el contexto de esta canción, &lt;em&gt;yo no me sé ni su nombre&lt;/em&gt;, quizá signifique &quot;yo no he podido averiguar su nombre (aunque quise, aunque lo intenté)&quot;. Se podría omitir el pronombre y decir simplemente &lt;em&gt;yo no sé su nombre&lt;/em&gt;; no cambiaría mucho el significado, pero sonaría un poco más impersonal. &lt;em&gt;Saber algo&lt;/em&gt; no indica ningún esfuerzo ni ningún logro. Por ejemplo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El niño ya sabe unas palabras.&lt;/em&gt; = El niño ya conoce algunas palabras, ya habla un poco, ya dice cosas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;El niño ya se sabe unas palabras.&lt;/em&gt; = El niño ya aprendió algunas palabras, ya adquirió algo de vocabulario, ya logra expresarse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Todo el mundo me la mira&lt;/em&gt; es una frase ambigua. Viendo la letra de la canción, el significado se aclara: lo que está diciendo es que todo el mundo la mira (a la mujer), y que eso le afecta personalmente a él (al que canta). Es un caso de &lt;strong&gt;dativo ético&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/26171/all-about-datives-or-whats-that-funny-le-or-me-doing-in-there&quot;&gt;tema difícil&lt;/a&gt;) con algo de &lt;strong&gt;dativo simpatético&lt;/strong&gt;. En pocas palabras: &lt;em&gt;todo el mundo me la mira&lt;/em&gt; significa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que todo el mundo mira a la mujer pero esto también involucra a quien canta, le produce algún sentimiento (celos, incomodidad, etc.);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;que el cantante ve a la mujer de manera posesiva, como si fuera parte o propiedad suya o como a un miembro de su familia.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como antes, podría decir &lt;em&gt;todo el mundo la mira&lt;/em&gt; (sin el pronombre &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt;), y el significado sería el mismo pero sin el toque de involucramiento personal o posesividad que mencioné arriba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Si el cantante tuviese una nariz muy grande y todo el mundo se quedara mirando su nariz, la frase también podría ser &lt;em&gt;todo el mundo me la mira&lt;/em&gt;. Es el mismo tipo de estructura que cuando decimos &lt;em&gt;me lavo la cara, me ato los zapatos, me lastimé la mano, me golpeé la cabeza&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;¹ En diccionarios aparecen citados en infinitivo más &lt;em&gt;-se&lt;/em&gt; (por ejemplo, &lt;em&gt;saberse&lt;/em&gt;), y se indican como &lt;em&gt;pron.&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;em&gt;prnl.&lt;/em&gt; o algo similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14627" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T22:45:43.310" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30852" CreationDate="2019-04-26T00:00:11.503" Score="5" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Spanish class, we are reading the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefullwiki.org/La_Catrina_(educational_program)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;La Catrina&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, set in Mexico. I'm unsure if it's by a native author but all of the Spanish so far seems to be totally culturally appropriate for Mexico. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, I saw the phrase &quot;coger el teléfono&quot;, totally seriously, for to take or pick up the telephone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know, according to the question here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/8749/en-qu%c3%a9-pa%c3%adses-la-palabra-coger-tiene-connotaciones-sexuales&quot;&gt;&amp;#191;En qu&amp;#233; pa&amp;#237;ses la palabra &amp;quot;coger&amp;quot; tiene connotaciones sexuales?&lt;/a&gt; and Karlomanio's &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/29024/can-a-person-agarrar-something-puede-una-persona-agarrar-algo#comment50141_29027&quot;&gt;comment&lt;/a&gt; on the first answer here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/questions/29024/can-a-person-agarrar-something-puede-una-persona-agarrar-algo&quot;&gt;Can a person &amp;quot;agarrar&amp;quot; something? / &amp;#191;Puede una persona &amp;quot;agarrar&amp;quot; algo?&lt;/a&gt; that &quot;coger&quot; in Mexico would normally not at all be an appropriate word and other words like &quot;agarrar&quot; or something like that should be used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was this just an oversight on the part of the author for the book to be set in Mexico or is &quot;coger el teléfono&quot; just a normal phrase where &quot;coger&quot; is okay, even in Mexico?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15090" LastEditorUserId="9624" LastEditDate="2019-06-30T15:50:56.200" LastActivityDate="2019-06-30T15:50:56.200" Title="&quot;Coger el teléfono&quot; en México? Would you use &quot;coger&quot; in &quot;coger el teléfono&quot; in Mexico?" Tags="&lt;uso-de-palabras&gt;&lt;diferencias-regionales&gt;&lt;méxico&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T04:24:25.810" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an engineering informatics student in Perú. The most common pronunciation is &quot;Ce más más&quot;, but some teachers also say &quot;Ce pe pe&quot; (from the file extension .cpp), although it is very rare. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't say &quot;Si plus plus&quot; like in English that's for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16494" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T14:37:25.370" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T14:37:25.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26325" CreationDate="2019-04-26T04:27:06.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ok pues = Alright then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned above, &lt;em&gt;pues&lt;/em&gt; is a filler word that changes a bit depending on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22710" LastEditorUserId="12637" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T05:58:49.023" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T05:58:49.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T06:16:51.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike English speaking people, most Spanish speaking people say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ce más más&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; rather than &quot;Ce plus plus&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22713" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T06:16:51.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T11:08:03.427" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software engineer from Barcelona, 20 years in the job. If you say C plus plus in English everybody will understand you, it's not usual to say it in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, people say Python in English, not 'Pitón' in Spanish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technical jargon is very often pronounced in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22719" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T14:38:34.760" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T14:38:34.760" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T11:20:37.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, we usually say &quot;ce más más&quot;, pronounced /θe mas mas/.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be noted that it may be translated and pronounced differently in South America.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2849" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T18:13:00.273" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T18:13:00.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T13:51:41.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia por lo común se escucha &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ce más más&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; y en ocaciones &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ce plus plus&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, pronunciando en español la palabra inglesa &quot;&lt;strong&gt;plus&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T13:51:41.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3073" CreationDate="2019-04-26T14:08:31.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Colombia se viene utilizando tanto por entidades públicas como privadas la expresión &lt;strong&gt;adulto mayor&lt;/strong&gt; en reemplazo de &lt;strong&gt;tercera edad&lt;/strong&gt;, para referirse a las personas mayores de 60 años.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por el ejemplo el Ministerio de Salud tiene el documento &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Adulto-mayor-vida-y-dignidad.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adulto mayor vida y dignidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19389" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T14:08:31.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T14:48:04.210" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding this summary following what was discussed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2483/1674&quot;&gt;Juntemos en respuestas wiki las respuestas cortas específicas de regiones / Let's use community wiki to summarize set of short region specific answers&lt;/a&gt;. Feel free to edit to add the term used in your country or region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Colombia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce más más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce plus plus (pronunciando en español la palabra inglesa &lt;em&gt;plus&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perú&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce más más&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce pe pe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;España&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce más más (&lt;code&gt;/θe mas mas/&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cuba&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce maj maj&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ce má má&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T18:05:39.167" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T18:05:39.167" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2019-04-26T14:48:04.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30475" CreationDate="2019-04-26T16:33:50.383" Score="3" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to translate into Spanish something as simple as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is &lt;strong&gt;flattering&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To respond to or to describe something someone does or says to you,  with the connotations and context of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What you said or did highlights something genuinely good about me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What you said or did was sincere. It was not just said or done to please me or to get something from me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What you said or did made me feel good or valued&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I appreciate your feedback/comment/action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You took a long time to research and look for a gift for me. It is &lt;em&gt;flattering&lt;/em&gt; that somebody thinks that one is worth all that time and effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That compliment was &lt;em&gt;flattering&lt;/em&gt;. No BS, no &amp;quot;kissing your butt&amp;quot;, just plain and sincere &amp;quot;you did something that was good&amp;quot;, and that was very rewarding and satisfying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way you look at me is really &lt;em&gt;flattering&lt;/em&gt;. Makes me think I'm the only girl in the world. Makes me think there's something especial and unique about me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First thing that comes to my mind would be &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=0r2tUGI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;adulador&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, but the DRAE's definition gives this term a connotation of &amp;quot;unsincere&amp;quot; and plain &amp;quot;sweet-talker&amp;quot;, even &amp;quot;servile&amp;quot;, rather than truly admiring, appreciative and complimentary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Hacer o decir con intención, a veces inmoderadamente, lo que se cree que puede agradar a otro.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarli, &amp;quot;lisonjero&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dle.rae.es/?id=NQ88Wmk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lisonjear&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;, which is a sinonim of &amp;quot;adular&amp;quot; is described as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tr. Dar motivo de envanecimiento.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish that there was a term that would not involve &amp;quot;please or feed someone's vanity, maybe with a second intention&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be a good translation for &amp;quot;flattering&amp;quot; in Spanish that conveys only positive connotations about the compliment itself, especially considering that the compliment might even be unintentional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5481" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:53:29.607" LastActivityDate="2019-05-21T09:56:35.873" Title="How to convey in Spanish &quot;That is flattering&quot; with positive connotations?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;solicitud-de-término&gt;&lt;sinónimos&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-26T17:26:47.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain, most English brand names are said in English (maybe with a Spanish accent/pronunciation on it if you prefer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, for 'iPhone' you just say it like 'eye-Phone', you don't say 'ee-phone'.  I'm guessing the normal thing would be to say 'C plus plus' as 'C plus plus' and not to translate it into 'Ce más más', as this would sound very strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: When I say with Spanish pronunciation, I mean you would say 'C plus plus', but you might put Spanish pronunciation on it as 'c ploohs ploohs'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18441" LastEditorUserId="18441" LastEditDate="2019-04-26T21:11:07.000" LastActivityDate="2019-04-26T21:11:07.000" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31010" CreationDate="2019-04-26T19:21:56.920" Score="9" ViewCount="852" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://spanish.stackexchange.com/q/30248/1674&quot;&gt;How to pronounce &amp;#39;c++&amp;#39; in Spanish&lt;/a&gt; I see some comments there debating how is the language &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;C#&lt;/a&gt; called in Spanish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia states &lt;em&gt;si sharp&lt;/em&gt; is the way they pronounce it in English. I have found a thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.comp.lenguajes.cpp.narkive.com/FkndnRSq/ot-como-se-pronuncia-c-y-c&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;[OT] - Como se pronuncia C#, y C++?&lt;/a&gt; in a Spanish C++ forum where someone says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;En cuanto a C# lo que más he oido yo es la pronunciación inglesa, y en cuanto a oírla me refiero a que la gente la usa tambien aquí. Es decir, &lt;strong&gt;C sharp&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While others jokingly (and remembering that C# is in fact C++++) state:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Si eso es así, el C# debería ser &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ce plus plus plus plus&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And others note that the &lt;em&gt;#&lt;/em&gt; symbol is called &lt;em&gt;almohadilla&lt;/em&gt; in Spanish or focus on the musical symbol that sets the note as &lt;em&gt;sostenido&lt;/em&gt;, and hence state:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C# es &quot;C Sharp&quot;... En plan coña lo llamamos (efectivamente) &quot;&lt;strong&gt;C almohadilla&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; o &quot;&lt;strong&gt;C sostenido&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, pero creo que casi todos hemos aceptado el nombre en inglés.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: what is the common way to say &lt;em&gt;C#&lt;/em&gt; in spoken Spanish? Does it change depending on the country?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2019-11-28T04:58:55.240" Title="How to pronounce 'c#' in Spanish?" Tags="&lt;vocabulario-técnico&gt;&lt;pronunciación&gt;&lt;informática&gt;&lt;deletreo&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30266" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-26T23:24:06.170" Score="2" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term PERSEGUIDO can mean many things in Argentina. It can be used as a term in justice. Example: The murderer is being PERSEGUIDO by the federal police.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did the following special meaning of &lt;em&gt;perseguido&lt;/em&gt; develop in Argentina?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No seas perseguido&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use this expression when a person interrupts a conversation, making it about him or her.  In this context, &quot;No seas perseguido/perseguida&quot; means &lt;em&gt;Do not think we're talking about you when it's not like that&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;This isn't about you / It isn't about you&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22726" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T04:46:55.600" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T02:44:18.700" Title="¿What does it means to be a PERSEGUIDO in Argentina?" Tags="&lt;etimología&gt;&lt;expresiones&gt;&lt;significado&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30264" CreationDate="2019-04-26T23:26:18.153" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an engineering informatics student from Peru. So far I've only heard the &quot;C sharp&quot; (as in English) and &quot;Ce sharp&quot; (&quot;Ce&quot; as the letter name in Spanish), being the latter the most common one in my context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16494" LastEditorUserId="16494" LastEditDate="2019-04-30T02:06:32.903" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T02:06:32.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30320" CreationDate="2019-04-27T03:50:09.827" Score="3" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;En más de un diccionario o traductor, la palabra &lt;em&gt;burglary&lt;/em&gt; se expresa como robo. Sin embargo, no es precisamente un robo pues implica un ingreso a un hogar. Quizá puede verse mejor en español (al menos en Colombia según la ASALE) como la acción de un &lt;a href=&quot;http://lema.rae.es/damer/?key=apartamentero&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apartamentero&lt;/a&gt;, e incluso, según he interpretado los casos leídos, el ingreso a una casa puede ser buscando otro acto delictivo, así que la traducción de robo parece quedarse corta. ¿Hay palabras o frases que ayuden a plantear de una manera más adecuada la traducción?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17560" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-05-02T09:54:19.593" LastActivityDate="2019-06-05T00:00:57.653" Title="Término o expresión en español para &quot;burglary&quot;" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;lenguaje-jurídico&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-27T06:00:41.627" Score="3" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quiero escribir la siguiente pregunta:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;¿Cómo se dice &quot;¿Cuál es la parte delantera? ¿Cuál es la parte trasera?&quot; en inglés?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No entiendo. ¿Está bien? ¿Debería ir entre comillas? De ser así, ¿Las comillas irían en cada pregunta o como está el ejemplo, en toda la frase? ¿No debería ir entre comillas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22728" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-08-16T03:02:30.957" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T03:02:30.957" Title="¿Signos de interrogación dentro de otros?" Tags="&lt;ortografía&gt;&lt;puntuación&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2019-08-16T03:07:10.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-27T10:17:44.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are already many answers, but I will add mine from a Mexican perspective, I am a computer engineering graduate, and we always call it &quot;ce más más&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22732" LastEditorUserId="9385" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T18:13:35.940" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T18:13:35.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30274" CreationDate="2019-04-27T14:21:56.077" Score="3" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently learning Spanish, and I encountered a sentence recently which has been throwing me for a loop. It's from &quot;La Luz Fantástica&quot;, the Spanish translation of 'The Light Fantastic' by Terry Pratchett.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La violencia no era algo en lo que le &lt;strong&gt;gustase&lt;/strong&gt; involucrarse directamente.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which, unless I'm mistaken, translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Violence was not something he liked to get involved with directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't understand is the usage of the subjunctive imperfect in this sentence. In my mind, it would make more sense to write &quot;gustaba&quot; instead, and I can't seem to really understand the reason why the subjunctive would need to be used here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am starting to understand the way tense harmony works in Spanish, but I just can't wrap my head around this particular case. If anyone could explain to me why the subjunctive is used here, I would greatly appreciate it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22735" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-27T20:01:22.497" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T20:01:22.497" Title="Why do we say 'No era algo en lo que le *gustase* involucrarse' and not 'gustaba'?" Tags="&lt;subjuntivo&gt;&lt;conjugación&gt;&lt;concordancia-verbal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30273" CreationDate="2019-04-27T15:16:42.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oftentimes when considering the subjunctive in the past, it can generally be illustrative to change the tense to the present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; La violencia no es algo en lo que le guste involucrarse directamente&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully in this structure, subjunctive sounds correct. Effectively, the structure is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La cosa no es algo que...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we have an adjectival clause (que...) that modifies algo. The mood verb in adjectival clauses in determined by the noun it modifies. If the noun is known to exist, we use indicative. If, however, its existence or identityis unknown or —in this case, outright rejected — the subjunctive is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4182" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T15:16:42.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30264" CreationDate="2019-04-27T15:47:40.107" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard &quot;Ce almohadilla&quot; but I personally use &quot;Ce Sharp&quot;, saying C as the spanish letter and &quot;#&quot; as the english word &quot;Sharp&quot;. I know, mixing languages is a bad practice but that's what people say in Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22736" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T15:47:40.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30252" CreationDate="2019-04-27T15:55:27.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Spain &quot;Coger&quot; is &quot;to pick up&quot;. I know for sure that in México is a slang word. In México they would say &quot;contestar al teléfono&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know in other countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22736" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T15:55:27.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30248" CreationDate="2019-04-27T16:40:04.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;En Cuba, como omitimos las S al final de las palabras, o las cambiamos por J...decimos &quot;ce maj maj&quot; o &quot;ce má má&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22737" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-04-28T07:43:49.293" LastActivityDate="2019-04-28T07:43:49.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30279" CreationDate="2019-04-27T18:38:35.207" Score="3" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm stuck. What is the difference? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) La película de los Vengadores es bien. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) La película de los Vengadores está bien.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say both make sense to me. Like if n. 2 is my &quot;humble opinion&quot; about the movie and n. 1 is a more authoritative way to say the same thing.&#xA;Can someone please help me with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T20:37:53.787" Title="What is the difference between &quot;La película es bien&quot; and &quot;La película está bien&quot;?" Tags="&lt;gramática&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-04-30T09:33:03.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30278" CreationDate="2019-04-27T20:37:53.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;N. 1 is not grammatically correct. It would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;La película de los Vengadores es buena.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which gives more positive feedback about the movie but both are equally correct to express that the movie was fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You were right saying that N.2 is your opinion and N.1 is a more authoritative answer, like a fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22736" LastActivityDate="2019-04-27T20:37:53.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30266" CreationDate="2019-04-28T01:18:56.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Argentina the meaning of ''Perseguido'' is when someone is concern about something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: ''No te van a decir nada, no seas perseguido''.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means: They will not tell you anything, do not be &quot;persecuted&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also interpret how: you will be fine, do not think about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you understand!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example is when you did a test and you know that is correct, but for some reason, you think you will fail. In that case you are being ''Perseguido''&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22743" LastEditorUserId="22743" LastEditDate="2019-04-30T02:44:18.700" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T02:44:18.700" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30284" CreationDate="2019-04-28T16:18:52.387" Score="4" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;¿Es igual a 'zancudo' o tiene otro significado, otro insecto?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;En el diccionario solo dice que 'mosquito' es como 'mosquito' en inglés. Pero si la memoria no me falla alguien en Colombia me dijo una vez que la palabra significa algo como una mosca pequeña. ¿Tal vez una mosca de fruta? Pero creo que el insecto de lo que hablaba tambien pica. ¿Qué puede ser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12672" LastEditorUserId="1674" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T13:23:46.900" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T13:23:46.900" Title="¿Qué quiere decir 'mosquito' en Colombia y America Latina?" Tags="&lt;colombia&gt;&lt;animales&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30266" CreationDate="2019-04-28T22:15:30.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Perseguido&quot; by definition is somebody who is being followed. However, in Argentina it can be used as a slang to refer to somebody who overthinks stuff and tries to change their reality to make it look like everything goes against them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a gay person can be a &quot;Perseguido&quot; if they are actively looking for any little reference that may discriminate them, and they often change in their minds what they see to accommodate to their belief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22748" LastActivityDate="2019-04-28T22:15:30.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30282" CreationDate="2019-04-29T01:59:40.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mosquito en Colombia es un insecto volador pequeño equivalente al diminutivo de mosca pero no es un zancudo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunos pican a los humanos y otros simplemente vuelan sobre la basura o las frutas maduras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entre los &quot;mosquitos&quot; que pican a los humanos hay uno muy notable que se llama &lt;strong&gt;jején&lt;/strong&gt; que es gris o casi negro, del tamaño de la cabeza de un alfiler o aproximadamente 2 mm cuya picadura es bastante dolorosa y genera ardor y molestias hasta por varias semanas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ANqC9m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ANqC9m.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Los otros mosquitos son los que aparecen junto a las frutas maduras y también son de entre 2 y 3 mm pero su color es mas rojizo y son fáciles de distinguir de la &quot;mosca de la fruta&quot; la cual siempre mantiene sus alas abiertas y es un poco más grande.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WbQYkm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WbQYkm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Como se ve en ambas imágenes, estos animalitos tiene forma redondeada y compacta como de mosca pequeña muy diferente a la forma alargada y de patas largas de los zancudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Algunas personas usan la palabra &lt;em&gt;mosco&lt;/em&gt; en masculino para referirse genéricamente a todos los insectos voladores pequeños pero la gran mayoría distinguen claramente las moscas, los mosquitos y los zancudos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Por comparación anexo imagen de &quot;mosca de la fruta&quot; y zancudo&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fhRMWm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fhRMWm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uzMfm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uzMfm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11102" LastEditorUserId="11102" LastEditDate="2019-04-29T13:18:48.580" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T13:18:48.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30285" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2019-04-29T02:48:36.410" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been under the impression that the verb &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; is a false friend and means &quot;to intend, or to hope, or to expect&quot;. However in Google Translate it translates as &quot;to pretend&quot;, and it even displays as a synonym to the verb &lt;em&gt;fingir&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;fingir&lt;/em&gt; is the verb I always thought meant &quot;to pretend&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does the verb &quot;pretender&quot; mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20431" LastEditorDisplayName="user13628" LastEditDate="2019-10-31T16:59:26.057" LastActivityDate="2019-10-31T16:59:26.057" Title="What does the verb &quot;pretender&quot; mean?" Tags="&lt;traducción&gt;&lt;verbos&gt;&lt;false-friend&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30285" CreationDate="2019-04-29T03:44:16.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fingir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; are not synonyms, but &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; translate as &lt;em&gt;to pretend&lt;/em&gt; but only in very limited circumstances.  &lt;em&gt;Pretend&lt;/em&gt; has several meanings in English, and some of them could indeed be used for the meaning of &lt;em&gt;pretender&lt;/em&gt; which the DLE defines thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pretender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Querer ser o conseguir algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Hacer diligencias para conseguir algo.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;tr.&lt;/em&gt; Dicho de una persona: Cortejar a otra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it can be &lt;em&gt;want to be or acquire something, to do what is necessary to get something,&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;to court someone&lt;/em&gt;.  Let's compare with the OED's definitions for &lt;em&gt;to pretend&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pretend&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;v.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;†6.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;a.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;intransitive. figurative.&lt;/em&gt; To tend to an end or point in action, speech, etc. Also: to extend in time. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;b.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;intransitive.&lt;/em&gt; To stretch or reach forward; to move or go forward; to direct one's course; to tend. Usually with to or for. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;†10. &lt;em&gt;transitive.&lt;/em&gt; To intend, plan.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;a.&lt;/strong&gt; With infinitive as object. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;b.&lt;/strong&gt; With clause as object. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete. rare.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;c.&lt;/strong&gt; With simple object. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;12.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;†a.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;intransitive.&lt;/em&gt; To aspire; to have pretensions. Chiefly with to. &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;b.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;transitive.&lt;/em&gt; With infinitive as object. To aspire, presume; to venture; to try, attempt. &lt;em&gt;Now rare.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;†c.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;intransitive.&lt;/em&gt; To pay court to (a prospective spouse); to seek to be married to (a person). &lt;em&gt;Obsolete.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example sentences from the OED show sentences that would be translated with pretender:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For to what fyn he wolde anon pretende, Þat knowe ich wel&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Aquel fin que él &lt;strong&gt;pretendería&lt;/strong&gt; pronto, el cual sé muy bien,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I wyll pretende To stey to my father.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretenderé&lt;/strong&gt; quedarme con mi padre.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I find by experience that we cannot acquire that end which is pretended to by such addresses.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Noto por experience que no podemos conseguir aquel fin que &lt;strong&gt;se pretenden&lt;/strong&gt; tales discursos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We pretend, that this City, already famous for the Defeat of two of your Armadas, shall become far more so by the Disgrace of this your third.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pretendemos&lt;